bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of progression of chronic kidney disease in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease
Authors: Yun Hyejin , Koo Yoonhoi , Yun Taesik , Chae Yeon , Lee Dohee , Cha Sijin , Kim Jeeyune , Kim Hakhyun , Yang Mhan Pyo , Kang Byeong Teck 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionCardiovascular and renal diseases are known to affect each other in the cardiovascular renal axis disorder (CvRD). Although CvRD, which includes myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD), has been described in dogs, there are only a few reports on the progression of CKD in accordance with the severity of MMVD. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the presence of MMVD is associated with the rate of progression of CKD in dogs. The time from the initial diagnosis to the worsening of the International Renal Interest Society (IRIS) stage and the time for the occurrence of hyperphosphatemia and isosthenuria were evaluated.Materials and methodsIn this retrospective study, CKD progression was determined as an increase in the IRIS stage by at least one level and the development of hyperphosphatemia or isosthenuria. The CKD progression was compared in dogs with and without comorbid MMVD.ResultsDogs with CKD were divided into two groups: dogs with and without MMVD (n = 63, concurrent group; n = 52, CKD group, respectively). The concurrent group was further divided into two subgroups based on the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine guidelines (B1 group, n = 24; B2 group, n = 39). The time for progression of CKD from IRIS stage 1 to IRIS stage 2 was significantly shorter in the concurrent group than in the CKD group (log-rank test, p &lt; 0.001). MMVD was associated with an increased risk of progression from stage 1 to stage 2 (hazard ratio, 6.442; 95% confidence interval (CI), 2.354 to 18.850; p &lt; 0.001). The timing of the onset of hyperphosphatemia or isosthenuria in the concurrent group and the CKD group was not significantly different.ConclusionThe results of this study suggest that MMVD could be a risk factor for the progression of CKD. Our findings may help predict the prognosis of dogs with both CKD and MMVD compared to CKD only.
Phenylbutazone concentrations in synovial fluid following administration via intravenous regional limb perfusion in the forelimbs of six adult horses
Authors: O’Brien Molly , Mochel Jonathan P. , Kersh Kevin , Wang Chong , Troy Jarrod 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundPain management is critical to equine welfare with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) commonly used in horses. However, systemic NSAID use is limited by harmful gastrointestinal and renal side effects. Intravenous regional limb perfusion (IVRLP) is a technique used in horses that produces high, local antibiotic concentrations while limiting systemic circulation. NSAID-IVRLP would be a novel method of local pain management while limiting systemic NSAID side effects. To date, NSAID-IVRLP administration has not been reported in horses. This study aimed to identify the pharmacokinetics and local complications associated with using the NSAID phenylbutazone (PBZ) for IVRLP in six standing adult horses.MethodsPBZ-IVRLP, at a dose of 2.2 mg/kg PBZ, was performed in a randomly assigned forelimb cephalic vein in 6 standing, healthy adult horses. A placebo-IVRLP was performed in the contralateral forelimb for comparison. Systemic serum and radiocarpal joint synovial fluid PBZ concentrations were identified at various timepoints (before IVRLP T-0 h, just after tourniquet removal T-0.5, 1.5, 3, 5, 12, 16, and 24 h post IVRLP) for non-compartmental pharmacokinetic analysis and concentration over time curves. Local complications associated with PBZ-IVRP were evaluated for up to 7 days following PBZ-IVRLP using physical and ultrasonographic assessment. On day 7 horses were humanely euthanized with histology performed on both forelimbs at PBZ-IVRLP and placebo-IVRLP administration sites.ResultsNon-compartmental pharmacokinetics for PBZ, and its major metabolite oxyphenbutazone (OBZ), were determined for serum and synovial fluid. Synovial PBZ concentrations (mean ± SD; 1.9 ± 2.1 μg/mL) were significantly lower (p = 0.03; CI,0.46–7.36) than serum PBZ concentrations (5.8 ± 5.1 μg/mL) at any time point. Physical and ultrasonographic measurements were not significantly different between PBZ- and placebo-IVRLP forelimbs. The most common histologic findings included focal deep dermal/subcutaneous hemorrhage and edema. Two horses showed perivasculitis and one horse showed a resolving thrombus in the cephalic vein of the PBZ-IVRLP limb. This horse also had severe perivasculitis and fibrinosuppurative dermatitis/panniculitis in the placebo-IVRLP limb.ConclusionPBZ-IVRLP pharmacokinetics at a 2.2 mg/kg dose showed no benefit compared to systemic PBZ administration in standing adult horses. Local complications associated with PBZ-IVRLP were similar to placebo-IVRLP on physical and ultrasonographic evaluation.
Effect of Plant Extracts Combinations on TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10 Levels in Serum of Rats Exposed to Acute and Chronic Stress
Authors: Kandilarov Ilin , Gardjeva Petya , Georgieva-Kotetarova Maria , Zlatanova Hristina , Vilmosh Natalia , Kostadinova Ivanka , Katsarova Mariana , Atliev Kiril , Dimitrova Stela 
Published: August 2023

Oxydative stress, anxiety and depression are associated with changes in cytokine levels. Natural products, including individual and combined plant extracts, have the potential to be used in the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders. The goal of this study is to investigate the effects of two combined plant extracts, rich in flavonoids, on the levels of the cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 in rats subjected to models of acute cold stress and chronic unpredictable stress. The study utilized common medicinal plants such as Valeriana officinalis, Melissa officinalis, Crataegus monogyna, Hypericum perforatum, and Serratula coronata, which were combined in two unique combinations—Antistress I and Antistress II. The compositions of the used extracts were determined by HPLC methods. Pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in rats’ serum were measured with Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The results from the acute stress model revealed that the individual extract of Crataegus monogyna decreased levels of TNF-α, while Serratula coronata, Hypericum perforatum, and Valeriana officinalis effectively reduced IL-6 levels. Both combinations, Antistress I and Antistress II, were effective in reducing TNF-α and IL-6 levels, with Antistress II also increasing IL-10 levels. In the chronic stress model, Hypericum perforatum extract decreased the levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6, whereas extracts of Serratula coronata and Valeriana officinalis only reduced TNF-α levels. The two combined extracts, Antistress I and Antistress II, decreased TNF-α and IL-6 levels, while Antistress I also reduced the levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. The combinations of plant extracts used in our experiment have not been previously studied or documented in the available literature. However, based on our own experimental results, we can draw the conclusion that the combinations exhibit a more pronounced effect in reducing cytokine levels compared to the individual plant extracts.
KARAKTERISTIK PERKEMBANGAN PERI-URBAN DI KOTA KECIL
Authors: Membala Sarah , Wibisono Bambang Hari , Hidayati Isti 
Published: August 2023

Previous research often perceived peri-urbanization as a spatial phenomenon that occurs in big cities, which creates problems for suburban areas. This article present empirical evidence of peri-urbanization in small city using the case of Tallunglipu District as a peri-urban area of Rantepao, North Toraja. Comparing the physical, social, and economic data ini 2010 and 2020 using a descriptive statistical analysis, this article found that the higher the physical, social, and economic change, the higher tendency of having a strong urban character, which indicates urbanization, and vice versa. The peri-urban development in Tallunglipu Distric can categorized into five typologies: (1) areas that have high changes in physical, social, and aspects, (2) area with high changes in physical and social aspects but low in economic aspects, (3) area with high changes in social aspect but low on physical and economic aspects, (4) area with high changes on physical aspect but low on social and economic aspects, (5) areas with low changes on physical, social, and economic aspects. Peri-urban typology based on the characteristics of level of changes can provide information for the government in formulating patterns of urban land use in peri-urban areas.
Reaction Profiles by Americans, Chinese, Japanese, Thai, and Vietnamese on ‘Skeletons in the Family Closet’ Topics
Authors: Charles McHugh  
Published: August 2023

Americans, Chinese, Japanese, Thai, and Vietnamese (N=250) rated 57 random proposed conversation topics on a five-point scale (i.e., very good, good, neutral, bad, very bad) to a same-culture, same-sex school friend. Five factors emerge and are characterized as: Familial Biographical Data, Skeletons in the Family Closet, Small Talk Topics, Personal Information Topics, and Intimate Relations Topics. For the 17 topics included in Factor Two, Skeletons in the Family Closet, about 51% of Americans appraise them at neutral, good or very good. Among the Asians, Thais report the lowest percentage at about 22% and Chinese the highest at about 35%. On those topics appraised as either bad or very bad, subjects then selected one of three possible reactions: avoidance, false information, or silence. Thai and Vietnamese favor silence, choosing it at about 38% of the time, while Chinese and Japanese select avoidance, at about 40%, as the preferred reaction. These results suggest that native English speakers could encounter a higher than expected frequency of avoidance and silence rejection strategies when communicating with Chinese, Japanese, Thai, and Vietnamese on some topics deemed appropriate among Americans.
Professional Communication in Asia/Pacific Organisations: A Comparative Study
Authors: Ticehurst Bill , Downs Cal W. 
Published: August 2023

This paper addresses the role of professional communication in manufacturing organisations in Australia, Thailand and Korea. Professional communication is seen as intentional communication that has the objective of achieving strategic goals within organisational or professional contexts. Within this view, practitioners need to consider communication as a core organisational process, be able to link communication with organisational outcomes and strategies, and assess cultural influences on the ways organisations function effectively.
The research study examines three questions concerning the nature of the relationship between professional communication and other forms of organisational communication; the relationship between professional communication and organisational outcomes such as employees’ job satisfaction; and the consistency of these communication relationships across cultures. Responses of 2046 employees in Australia, Thailand and Korea to the Communication Satisfaction Questionnaire and a measure of job satisfaction were analysed to provide the research findings. Hofstede’s cultural characteristics in the workplace was used to provide a basis for cultural comparisons between the cultural groups.
The findings suggest there is a close relationship between dimensions of professional communication and other aspects of organisational communication. This relationship extends across the cultural groups involved in the study. The study found a number of professional communication dimensions to be significant predictors of job satisfaction in the organisations studied. Personal feedback and organisational integration were found to be the most important predictors across the three cultures.
It is concluded that it is essential that professional communicators understand the holistic nature of communication in organisations, and that they can make the link between communication and strategic goals. As such, there is a need to overcome the treatment of communication as a superficial aspect of organisational life, rather it needs to be seen as a core organisational process with multi-dimensional aspects. It is clear that although professional communication can be defined as a functional concept in organisational setting, its understanding and practice cannot be separated from, and is dependent upon, other communication activities in the organisation.
Stibiotantalite from the Nanyangshan LCT Pegmatite, North Qinling Orogen, Central China: Occurrence and New Data on its Crystal Chemistry
Authors: Qu Kai , Ni Pei , Fan Guang , Li Guowu , Wang Yanjuan 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
Stibiotantalite, SbTaO4, from the Nanyangshan LCT pegmatite, North Qinling Orogen, Central China is described. The mineral is associated with oxystibiomicrolite, oxycalcioroméite, hydrokenomicrolite, hydroxynatromicrolite, hydromicrolite, stibnite, bismuthinite, tantalite-(Mn), columbite-(Mn), spodumene, polylithionite, trilithionite, luanshiweiite, fluorluanshiweiite, elbaite, albite, and quartz. Results from electron microprobe data analysis (n = 4) yield the average empirical formula (based on O = 4): (Sb0.96Bi0.04)Σ1.00(Ta0.85Nb0.15)Σ1.00O4. The seven strongest X-ray powder diffraction lines are [d in Å (I)(hkl)] 3.126(100)(121), 2.964(81)(040), 5.976(27)(020), 3.515(22)(111), 1.891(22)(240), 1.736(19)(161), and 2.693(16)(131). Single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SXRD) patterns show strong reflections consistent with space group Pna21. The refined unit-cell parameters from the SXRD data are a 5.5419(2) Å, b 4.9200(2) Å, c 11.8003(5) Å, and V 321.75(2) Å3 with Z = 4. The structure has been refined to a final R1 = 0.0173 on the basis of 766 reflections with Fo &gt; 4σ(Fo). In the previous study, the AO6 octahedron of stibiotantalite was close to an ideal octahedron. The new structure refinement of stibiotantalite from the Nanyangshan pegmatite indicates that the AO6 octahedron has a larger distortion due to the lone-pair effect of Sb3+. The high-quality structural data presented in this study gives a more accurate portrayal of the crystal structure of stibiotantalite than provided in the original description of the mineral.
Galaxy Quenching with Mass Growth History of Galaxy Groups and Clusters: The Importance of Post-processing
Authors: Park So-Myoung , Chun Kyungwon , Shin Jihye , Jeong Hyunjin , Lee Joon Hyeop , Pak Mina , Smith Rory , Kim Jae-Woo 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We investigate the fraction of quenched satellite galaxies in host galaxy groups and clusters using TNG300 in the IllustrisTNG cosmological magnetohydrodynamical simulations. The simulations show that most satellites are quenched after they fall into their final hosts, and that post-processing is a more dominant mechanism of galaxy quenching than pre-processing. We find that the fraction of quenched satellites at z = 0 increases with host mass, which implies that more massive hosts have higher quenching efficiency because they have more massive groups infalling. Furthermore, we find that hosts that have many early-infall satellites show a higher fraction of quenched satellites at z = 0 than those that have many late-infall satellites, which results in a scatter of the quenched fraction of satellites in a given mass range of hosts at z = 0. Our results highlight the significance of the mass of hosts and the different infall times of satellites in understanding galaxy quenching.
Testing Physical Scenarios for the Reflection Features of Type-1 AGNs using XMM-Newton and NuSTAR Simultaneous Observations
Authors: Victoria-Ceballos César Ivan , González-Martín Omaira , Masegosa Josefa , Longinotti Anna Lia , Esparza-Arredondo Donaji , Osorio-Clavijo Natalia 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Above ∼3 keV, the X-ray spectrum of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) is characterized by the intrinsic continuum and Compton reflection features. For type-1 AGNs, several regions may contribute to the reflection. To investigate the nature of the reflecting medium, we perform a systematic analysis of the reflector using XMM-Newton and Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array observations of a sample of 22 type-1 AGNs. We create a baseline model that includes Galactic absorption and an intrinsically absorbed power law, plus a reflection model. We test a set of nine reflection models in a subsample of five objects. Based on these results, we select three models to be tested on the entire sample, accounting for distinct physical scenarios: neutral/distant reflection, ionized/relativistic reflection, and neutral/distant+ionized/relativistic reflection, namely, a hybrid model. We find that 18 sources require the reflection component to fit their spectra. Among them, 67% prefer the hybrid model. Neutral and ionized models are equally preferred by three sources. We conclude that both the neutral/distant reflector most probably associated with the inner edges of the torus and the ionized/relativistic reflector associated with the accretion disk are required to describe the reflection in type-1 AGNs.
Hidden Little Monsters: Spectroscopic Identification of Low-mass, Broad-line AGNs at z > 5 with CEERS
Authors: Kocevski Dale D. , Onoue Masafusa , Inayoshi Kohei , Trump Jonathan R. , Arrabal Haro Pablo , Grazian Andrea , Dickinson Mark , Finkelstein Steven L. , Kartaltepe Jeyhan S. , Hirschmann Michaela , Aird James , Holwerda Benne W. , Fujimoto Seiji , Juneau Stéphanie , Amorín Ricardo O. , Backhaus Bren E. , Bagley Micaela B. , Barro Guillermo , Bell Eric F. , Bisigello Laura , Calabrò Antonello , Cleri Nikko J. , Cooper M. C. , Ding Xuheng , Grogin Norman A. , Ho Luis C. , Hutchison Taylor A. , Inoue Akio K. , Jiang Linhua , Jones Brenda , Koekemoer Anton M. , Li Wenxiu , Li Zhengrong , McGrath Elizabeth J. , Molina Juan , Papovich Casey , Pérez-González Pablo G. , Pirzkal Nor , Wilkins Stephen M. , Yang Guang , Yung L. Y. Aaron 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We report on the discovery of two low-luminosity, broad-line active galactic nuclei (AGNs) at z > 5 identified using JWST NIRSpec spectroscopy from the Cosmic Evolution Early Release Science (CEERS) survey. We detect broad Hα emission in the spectra of both sources, with FWHM of 2060 ± 290 km s−1 and 1800 ± 200 km s−1, resulting in virial black hole (BH) masses that are 1–2 dex below those of existing samples of luminous quasars at z > 5. The first source, CEERS 2782 at z = 5.242, is 2–3 dex fainter than known quasars at similar redshifts and was previously identified as a candidate low-luminosity AGN based on its morphology and rest-frame optical spectral energy distribution (SED). We measure a BH mass of M
BH = (1.3 ± 0.4) × 107
M
⊙, confirming that this AGN is powered by the least massive BH known in the Universe at the end of cosmic reionization. The second source, CEERS 746 at z = 5.624, is inferred to be a heavily obscured, broad-line AGN caught in a transition phase between a dust-obscured starburst and an unobscured quasar. We estimate its BH mass to be in the range of M
BH ≃ (0.9–4.7) × 107
M
⊙, depending on the level of dust obscuration assumed. We perform SED fitting to derive host stellar masses, M
⋆, allowing us to place constraints on the BH–galaxy mass relationship in the lowest mass range yet probed in the early Universe. The M
BH/M
⋆ ratio for CEERS 2782, in particular, is consistent with or higher than the empirical relationship seen in massive galaxies at z = 0. We examine the narrow emission line ratios of both sources and find that their location on the BPT and OHNO diagrams is consistent with model predictions for moderately low metallicity AGNs with Z/Z
⊙ ≃ 0.2–0.4. The spectroscopic identification of low-luminosity, broad-line AGNs at z > 5 with M
BH ≃ 107
M
⊙ demonstrates the capability of JWST to push BH masses closer to the range predicted for the BH seed population and provides a unique opportunity to study the early stages of BH–galaxy assembly.
Ultracool Dwarfs Observed with the Spitzer Infrared Spectrograph: Equatorial Latitudes in L Dwarf Atmospheres Are Cloudier
Authors: Suárez Genaro , Vos Johanna M. , Metchev Stanimir , Faherty Jacqueline K. , Cruz Kelle 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We report direct observational evidence for a latitudinal dependence of dust cloud opacity in ultracool dwarfs, indicating that equatorial latitudes are cloudier than polar latitudes. These results are based on a strong positive correlation between the viewing geometry and the mid-infrared silicate absorption strength in mid-L dwarfs using mid-infrared spectra from the Spitzer Space Telescope and spin axis inclination measurements from available information in the literature. We confirmed that the infrared color anomalies of L dwarfs positively correlate with dust cloud opacity and viewing geometry, where redder objects are inclined equator-on and exhibit more opaque dust clouds, while dwarfs viewed at higher latitudes and with more transparent clouds are bluer. These results show the relevance of viewing geometry to explain the appearance of brown dwarfs and provide insight into the spectral diversity observed in substellar and planetary atmospheres. We also find a hint that dust clouds at similar latitudes may have higher opacity in low-surface gravity dwarfs than in higher-gravity objects.
Quiescent Low-mass Galaxies Observed by JWST in the Epoch of Reionization
Authors: Gelli Viola , Salvadori Stefania , Ferrara Andrea , Pallottini Andrea , Carniani Stefano 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The surprising JWST discovery of a quiescent, low-mass (M
⋆ = 108.7
M
⊙) galaxy at redshift z = 7.3 (JADES-GS-z7-01-QU) represents a unique opportunity to study the imprint of feedback processes on early galaxy evolution. We build a sample of 130 low-mass (M
⋆ ≲ 109.5
M
⊙) galaxies from the serra cosmological zoom-in simulations, which show a feedback-regulated, bursty star formation history (SFH). The fraction of time spent in an active phase increases with the stellar mass from f
duty ≈ 0.6 at M
⋆ ≈ 107.5
M
⊙ to ≈0.99 at M
⋆ ≥ 109
M
⊙, and it is in agreement with the value f
duty ≈ 0.75 estimated for JADES-GS-z7-01-QU. On average, 30% of the galaxies are quiescent in the range 6 < z < 8.4; they become the dominant population at M
⋆ ≲ 108.3
M
⊙. However, none of these quiescent systems matches the spectral energy distribution of JADES-GS-z7-01-QU, unless their SFH is artificially truncated a few Myr after the main star formation peak. As supernova feedback can only act on a longer timescale (≳30 Myr), this implies that the observed abrupt quenching must be caused by a faster physical mechanism, such as radiation-driven winds from young massive stars and/or an active galactic nucleus.