bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hyperspherical Cluster Model for Bosons: Application to Sub-threshold Halo States in Helium Drops
Authors: Timofeyuk N. K. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTo describe long-range behaviour of one particle removed from a few- or a many-body system, a hyperspherical cluster model has been developed. It has been applied to the ground and first excited states of helium drops with five, six, eight and ten atoms interacting via a two-body soft gaussian potential. Convergence of the hyperspherical cluster harmonics expansion is studied for binding energies, root-mean-squared radii and overlaps of the wave functions of two helium drops differing by one atom. It was shown that with increasing model space the functional form of such overlaps at large distances converges to the correct asymptotic behaviour. The asymptotic normalization coefficients that quantify the overlaps’ amplitudes in this region are calculated. It was also shown that in the first excited state one helium atom stays far apart from the rest forming a two-body molecule, or a halo. The probability of finding the halo atom in the classically-forbidden region of space depends on the definition of the latter and on the valence atom binding energy. The total norm of the overlap integrals, the spectroscopic factor, represents the number of partitions of a many-body state into a chosen state of the system with one particle removed. The spectroscopic factors have been calculated and their sum rules are discussed giving a further insight into the structure of helium drops.
Longitudinal associations between socioeconomic status and psychosocial problems in preschool children
Authors: Luo Jie , van Grieken Amy , Kruizinga Ingrid , Raat Hein 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSocioeconomic status (SES) at different points in a child’s lifetime may have different effects on health outcomes. This study aimed to examine longitudinal associations between SES and psychosocial problems in preschool children (n = 2509, Mage = 24.2 ± 1.3 months). The psychosocial problems of children were assessed using the Brief Infant–Toddler Social and Emotional Assessment at age 2 years and age 3 years and categorized as having yes/no psychosocial problems. Four groups of pattern of presence/absence of psychosocial problems between age 2 and 3 years were classified: (1) ‘no problems’, (2) ‘problems at age two’, (3) ‘problems at age three’, and (4) ‘continuing problems’. Five indicators of SES (i.e., maternal education level, single-parent family, unemployment, financial problems, and neighborhood SES) were evaluated. Results showed around one-fifth (2Y = 20.0%, 3Y = 16.0%) of children had psychosocial problems. Multinomial logistic regression models revealed low and middle maternal education levels were associated with ‘problems at age two’; low maternal education level and financial problems were associated with ‘problems at age three’; low and middle maternal education level, single-parent family, and unemployment were associated with ‘continuing problems’. No associations were observed between neighborhood SES and any pattern. Results suggest children in a lower SES, indicated by maternal education, single-parent family, and financial stress, had higher odds of developing and continuously having psychosocial problems in early childhood. These findings call for optimally timing interventions to reduce the impact of disadvantaged SES in early childhood on psychosocial health.
Caseworkers’ participation in procurement: Infrastructuring Child Welfare Services in Norway
Authors: Dahl-Jørgensen Tangni C. , Parmiggiani Elena 
Published: May 2023

AbstractProcurement is a widely adopted collaborative approach for acquiring new systems in the public sector. It exemplifies a situation in which the early stages of digital system design define the boundaries and constraints of a new system that must be specified in the tender document (i.e., a binding offer). Researchers and government officials have long recognized the benefit of end-user participation in system design. Given the central role of the pre-tender phases in procurement processes, however, there is a need to better understand what affects user participation in such early stages. In this paper, we research a procurement process in municipal Child Welfare Services in Norway. We focus on caseworkers' participation in procuring a future case management system. We build on the concept of participatory infrastructuring to characterize how the meaning of participation was shaped through three overarching participatory infrastructuring practices of decision-making within a rigid procurement process: (i) scaling up the project, (ii) negotiating participation in meetings with potential suppliers and in tender documents, and (iii) positioning caseworkers as subject experts. The analysis of these practices reveals that the definition of user needs in the tender documentation and the creation of knotworks define both the boundary conditions and the modalities of participation. We contribute to the conversation on participatory infrastructuring in Computer-Supported Cooperative Work by discussing how participatory infrastructuring provides a conceptual understanding of participation in the context of municipal systems procurement.
Deficit sustainability and fiscal theory of price level: the case of Italy, 1861–2020
Authors: Congregado Emilio , Díaz-Roldán Carmen , Esteve Vicente 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe test sustainability of the Italian government deficit over the period 1861–2020 using the fiscal theory of the price level (FTPL). This approach takes into account monetary and fiscal policy interactions and assumes that fiscal policy may determine the price level even if monetary authorities pursue an inflation-targeting strategy. We consider a cointegrated model with multiple structural changes to characterize the sustainability of public finances and the prevalence of monetary or fiscal dominance during subperiods. We also use recursive unit root tests for explosiveness to test fiscal sustainability and to detect episodes of potential explosive behaviour in Italian public debt. We find two structural changes for the public debt and one change in the primary budget surplus, the alternation of monetary and fiscal dominant regimes, as well as evidence of bubbles related to three episodes of the Italian fiscal performance. Our results reveal the sensitiveness of the primary balance and the debt paths to shocks hitting fiscal, macroeconomic, and financial variables.
Niche modelling and molecular phylogenetics unravel the colonisation biology of three species of the freshwater planarian genus Girardia (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida)
Authors: Benítez-Álvarez Lisandra , Leria Laia , Sluys Ronald , Leal-Zanchet Ana M. , Riutort Marta 
Published: May 2023

AbstractFreshwater planarians of the genus Girardia have been introduced all over the world, but little is known about the species involved and their possible impact on autochthonous ecosystems. Using molecular phylogenetics and niche modelling under different climatic scenarios we examine the human-induced spread of alien Girardia species from their original areas of distribution in the Americas to other areas. Our results corroborate that Girardia populations spreading worldwide belong to three species: G. dorotocephala, G. sinensis, and G. tigrina. Our study emphasizes that G. sinensis is native to North America and shows that G. dorotocephala has a broader range of introduced localities than previously known. Niche modelling revealed that the three species have a broad range of potential distribution in extensive regions of the Northern Hemisphere. Regardless of the future climatic scenario, their distributional range will increase towards northern Europe, without diminishing the high suitability of regions in the south. Their environmental requirements, being generalists with high suitability for human-modified habitats, and fissiparous reproduction explain their successful colonization. In the Iberian Peninsula, G. tigrina and G. sinensis have extensive areas of high suitability, overlapping with the more limited suitable areas of autochthonous planarians, pointing to potential detrimental effects of Girardia invaders.
The Effect of Holographic Heart Models and Mixed Reality for Anatomy Learning in Congenital Heart Disease: An Exploratory Study
Authors: d’Aiello Angelo Fabio , Cabitza Federico , Natali Chiara , Viganò Sophia , Ferrero Paolo , Bognoni Ludovica , Pasqualin Giulia , Giamberti Alessandro , Chessa Massimo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we present an exploratory study on the potential impact of holographic heart models and mixed reality technology on medical training, and in particular in teaching complex Congenital Heart Diseases (CHD) to medical students. Fifty-nine medical students were randomly allocated into three groups. Each participant in each group received a 30-minute lecture on a CHD condition interpretation and transcatheter treatment with different instructional tools. The participants of the first group attended a lecture in which traditional slides were projected onto a flat screen (group “regular slideware”, RS). The second group was shown slides incorporating videos of holographic anatomical models (group “holographic videos”, HV). Finally, those in the third group wore immersive, head-mounted devices (HMD) to interact directly with holographic anatomical models (group “mixed reality”, MR). At the end of the lecture, the members of each group were asked to fill in a multiple-choice questionnaire aimed at evaluating their topic proficiency, as a proxy to evaluate the effectiveness of the training session (in terms of acquired notions); participants from group MR were also asked to fill in a questionnaire regarding the recommendability and usability of the MS Hololens HMDs, as a proxy of satisfaction regarding its use experience (UX). The findings show promising results for usability and user acceptance.
Enriching Representation and Enhancing Nearest Neighbor Classification of Slope/Landslide Data Using Rectified Feature Line Segments and Hypersphere-Based Scaling: A Reproducible Experimental Comparison
Authors: Ospina-Dávila Y. M. , Orozco-Alzate Mauricio 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMeasuring geotechnical and natural hazard engineering features, along with pattern recognition algorithms, allows us to categorize the stability of slopes into two main classes of interest: stable or at risk of collapse. The problem of slope stability can be further generalized to that of assessing landslide susceptibility. Many different methods have been applied to these problems, ranging from simple to complex, and often with a scarcity of available data. Simple classification methods are preferred for the sake of both parsimony and interpretability, as well as to avoid drawbacks such as overtraining. In this paper, an experimental comparison was carried out for three simple but powerful existing variants of the well-known nearest neighbor rule for classifying slope/landslide data. One of the variants enhances the representational capacity of the data using so-called feature line segments, while all three consider the concept of a territorial hypersphere per prototype feature point. Additionally, this experimental comparison is entirely reproducible, as Python implementations are provided for all the methods and the main simulation, and the experiments are performed using three publicly available datasets: two related to slope stability and one for landslide susceptibility. Results show that the three variants are very competitive and easily applicable.
Business groups’ internal labour markets and SME labour productivity
Authors: Doucet Pablo , Requejo Ignacio , Suárez-González Isabel 
Published: May 2023

AbstractLabour market regulation constrains small and medium-sized enterprises’ (SMEs) ability to minimize redundant labour. However, it is often neglected that many SMEs might circumvent these constraints by accessing a business group’s internal labour market (ILM). In this study, we analyse whether SMEs with ILM access—i.e., with an increasing number of sister group companies in the same subnational region-industry—enjoy a labour productivity premium and whether this potential productivity premium depends on the bargaining power of labour. Because intra-group reallocation of redundant personnel often involves substantial changes in employment conditions, we argue that the value of ILM access might be reduced when the bargaining power of workers is high as they can oppose the reallocation or demand significant compensation. Using a panel of 119,801 European SMEs during 2011–2019 (639,675 firm-year observations), we find that SMEs with ILM access show relatively higher labour productivity. Further, our findings suggest that this productivity premium is higher in those contexts associated with lower labour bargaining power.
Oxidative Depolymerization of Kraft Lignin to Aromatics Over Bimetallic V–Cu/ZrO2 Catalysts
Authors: Abdelaziz Omar Y. , Clemmensen Ida , Meier Sebastian , Bjelić Saša , Hulteberg Christian P. , Riisager Anders 
Published: May 2023

AbstractZirconia-supported vanadium–copper catalysts (VCux:yZr) were used for the oxidative depolymerization of softwood LignoBoost Kraft lignin (LB). Various VCux:yZr catalysts were prepared (x:y = 0:1, 1:4, 1:2, 3:4, 1:1, and 1:0) by incipient wetness impregnation, and reactions were performed in alkaline water at 150 °C under an O2 pressure of 5 bar for 10 min. 1H–13C HSQC NMR spectroscopy was used for product identification and quantification. The most promising catalyst was VCu1:2Zr, giving a total monomer yield of 9 wt% and the highest selectivity for vanillin (59%). This catalyst was characterized before and after use by N2 physisorption, XRD, TGA, SEM-EDS, and XPS. Cleavage of the main interunit linkages in LB, including the β-O-4 bonds and recalcitrant C–C bonds, was also observed. The findings of this study demonstrate the potential of the V–Cu/ZrO2 catalyst system in the production of value-added aromatics from technical lignin under relatively mild conditions. This would contribute to the more sustainable use of an underutilized side-stream in forest-based industries, provided catalyst reuse can be successfully demonstrated.
Modeling the Residence Time of Metal Droplets in Slag During BOF Steelmaking
Authors: Mitas Bernhard , Visuri Ville-Valtteri , Schenk Johannes 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe ejection of metal droplets into slag due to top-blowing is characteristic of the BOF process. The residence time of the metal droplets in the slag plays a significant role in the kinetics of the metal–slag reactions. In this study, the residence time of ejected metal in slag during BOF steelmaking is investigated and various approaches, based on the blowing number theory and mass balances are compared. Previously published blowing number theories are evaluated in comparison with physically based upper and lower boundaries. The results illustrate that only some of the laboratory-scale blowing number correlations apply to industrial blowing conditions. A mathematical model is developed to predict mass fraction return rates and thus the residence time of droplets in the slag emulsion. Combined with a previously published model for ejected droplet size distribution, it is possible to predict dynamic changes in the interfacial area and mass transfer conditions for metal–slag reactions.
Rechtebasierte Kinder- und Jugendhilfe
Authors: Schröer Wolfgang , Kutscher Nadia 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungAuch wenn in der Fachöffentlichkeit seit einiger Zeit eine rechtebasierte Kinder- und Jugendhilfe diskutiert wird, ist eine rechtebasierte Perspektive in diesem Bereich noch längst nicht Alltag. Diese Einleitung in den Schwerpunkt stellt den aktuellen Stand vor und problematisiert die Frage, wie eine diskriminierungsfreie Teilhabe aller jungen Menschen verwirklicht werden kann. Außerdem gibt sie einen kurzen Einblick in die Themen der Beiträge und ihre Autor_innen.
Solitary Bone Plasmacytoma Mimicking Oral Cavity Neoplasm – A Rare Case
Authors: Kamboj Vikrant , Shenoy S Vijendra , Sriperumbudur Susmita , Parvathareddy Navya 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPlasmacytomas are localized monoclonal plasma cell lesions with no evidence of systemic involvement which are divided into solitary bone plasmacytoma (SBP) and extra-medullary plasmacytoma (EMP). The diagnosis of plasmacytomas (PCM) in the oral regions is challenging given the atypical clinical manifestations and low frequency. Here, we report an extremely rare case of plasmacytoma in an elderly male which initially appeared to be arising from the left buccal mucosa on clinical examination but after radiological imaging and intra-operative findings, the epicentre was found to be in the left infratemporal fossa (ITF). The patient underwent en-bloc compartment resection with high clearance of the ITF which proved to be an effective management strategy. It is crucial for the head and neck surgeon to be aware of the solitary bone plasmacytoma in the oral and maxillofacial region in order to identify it early and provide these patients with the best care possible before complications arise.
Sharing food with hyenas: a latrine of Pachycrocuta brevirostris in the Early Pleistocene assemblage of Fuente Nueva-3 (Orce, Baza Basin, SE Spain)
Authors: Espigares M. P. , Palmqvist P. , Rodríguez-Ruiz M. D. , Ros-Montoya S. , Pérez-Ramos A. , Rodríguez-Gómez G. , Guerra-Merchán A. , García-Aguilar J. M. , Granados A. , Campaña I. , Martínez-Navarro B. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe Early Pleistocene archeological site of Fuente Nueva-3 (FN3) preserves some of the oldest evidence of hominin presence in Western Europe, including a huge assemblage of Oldowan tools and evidence of butchering and marrow processing of large mammal bones. Moreover, there is also evidence of the regular presence of carnivores at the site, including a small proportion of bones that show tooth marks, the majority of which can be attributed to the giant, short-faced hyena Pachycrocuta brevirostris, and there are 220 coprolites, most of them from the Upper Archeological Level. In order to identify the defecating agent, we analyze here the coprolites and compare them with other specimens from the literature and with scats from zoo spotted hyenas (Crocuta crocuta). The morphology, color, size, and chemical composition of the FN3 coprolites allow us to attribute them to the hyena P. brevirostris, which is also represented at the site by fossil specimens. In addition, we evaluate the origin of the accumulation of coprolites and discuss on the role played by the scavenging hyenas in the accumulation and modification of the bone remains unearthed at the site, which allows evaluating the contribution of the giant hyena to this Early Pleistocene site. Finally, based on the lithology of layer 5 of the Upper Archeological Level, fine sands and clays deposited in a salt-lake environment, we hypothesize that this layer may have acted as a quicksand where large-sized animals like elephants were trapped and their carcasses lured scavenging carnivores.
Cognitive Phenomenology Neuroscience and Computation
Authors: Sfeir Neyla , Aleksander Igor 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPhenomenology is concerned with the first-person experience of or about some object, and is generally related to sensory experience, for example, auditory or visual. Cognitive phenomenology refers to an element of phenomenological experience that does not have a sensory character. Experiences of thought, understanding, and appreciation of meaning are less figurative than the sensory kind and therefore suggest a treatment separate from that related to sensory experience. Where sensory phenomenology is discussed as there being something, it is like to be in a sensory state (of color or some object like a banana), and it is less evident that there is something it is like to think, understand, or recognize meaning. As Strawson [1] puts it: “It’s strange that the existence of cognitive phenomenology is a matter of dispute.” But dispute there is, this paper examines this The Nature of Cognitive Phenomenology and Its Denial and suggests instances from neurology and logical argumentation that CP does exist. In this paper, while the existence phenomenal consciousness is a matter of philosophical debate, the CP of understanding is seen as important to those who work on language understanding in a computational domain. The salient method is a critical examination and comparison of relevant literature in different disciplines. Specifically, one instance of cognitive phenomenology is addressed: the understanding experience. However, the very existence of cognitive phenomenology is a controversial issue in philosophical discourse. Accordingly, in addition to a presentation of cognitive phenomenology, the controversy over its necessity as a concept is examined: a study dismissing CP is presented, and an example (a phenomenal contrast argument) is introduced. New arguments based on formal examples of “understanding” are proposed to further corroborate the existence of CP. Then, in the light of existing work on event-related potentials that measure changes in brain activity patterns under linguistic input, a neural support for cognitive phenomenology is elicited as an additional proof of its existence. The key result is that arguments from neurology and linguistics provide support for the existence of at least one facet of cognitive phenomenology (understanding) with the possibility that such presence could be measurable and extended to other modes. The arguments presented in the paper provide a grounding for using the CP concept in computing, as a complement to synthetic phenomenology.
Online monitoring of dynamic networks using flexible multivariate control charts
Authors: Flossdorf Jonathan , Fried Roland , Jentsch Carsten 
Published: May 2023

AbstractChange-point detection in dynamic networks is a challenging task which is particularly due to the complex nature of temporal graphs. Existing approaches are based on the extraction of a network’s information by the reduction to a model or to a single metric. Whereas the former one requires restrictive assumptions and has limited applicability for real-world social networks, the latter one may suffer from a huge information loss. We demonstrate that an extension to a well-balanced multivariate approach that uses multiple metrics jointly to cover the relevant network information can overcome both issues, since it is applicable to arbitrary network shapes and promises to strongly mitigate the information loss. In this context, we give guidelines on the crucial questions of how to properly choose a suitable multivariate metric set together with the choice of a meaningful parametric or nonparametric control chart and show that an improper application may easily lead to unsatisfying results. Furthermore, we identify a solution that achieves reasonable performances in flexible circumstances in order to give a reliably applicable approach for various types of social networks and application fields. Our findings are supported by the use of extensive simulation studies, and its applicability is demonstrated on two real-world data sets from economics and social sciences.