bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of Prevalence, Microbiologic Agents, and Bladder Management Methods of Urinary Tract Infections among Spinal Cord Injury Patients
Authors: Ashta Kuldeep , Mohan Charu , Nair Bindu T. , Arora Sumit 
Published: June 2023

Background and Aim:
Spinal cord injury (SCI) patients have an increased risk of developing urinary tract infections. The method of bladder drainage influences the risk of urinary tract infection (UTI), and most persons with SCI on per urethral continuous catheterization (CC) or clean intermittent catheterization (CIC) develop urinary tract infection. Identification and treatment of severe UTI with appropriate antibiotics as early as possible is associated with better outcomes in SCI patients. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and causative organisms of symptomatic urinary tract infection in spinal cord injury patients with different bladder management methods.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 50 patients with SCI were followed up at a rehabilitation centre from Jan 2020 to Dec 2021 in a prospective descriptive study. The demographic status, clinical and laboratory findings of the patients with SCI were studied and the prevalence and causative organisms of symptomatic UTI in these patients with different bladder management methods were analysed.

Results:
The commonest organisms isolated were E. coli (31%), Pseudomonas (29%) and Klebsiella (21%). The organisms isolated in the UTI were most sensitive to colistin (82%), followed by 59% being sensitive to both imipenem and tigecycline. Least sensitivity was seen to Piperacillin, Ceftriaxone and Levofloxacin. Maximum UTI episodes were seen in cases with CC followed by CIC. Least UTI episodes were seen in cases where supra-pubic cystostomy was done followed by patients who were self-urinating.

Conclusion:
Symptomatic UTI in SCI patients is more prevalent in patients with CC and CIC. Such patients should be started as early as possible on antibiotics depending on the antibiotic sensitivity pattern of the organisms isolated.
Gorlin-Goltz Syndrome – A Concatenation of Six Case Reports
Authors: Marimallappa T. R. , Rao Keerthana , KR Ashok Kumar , Kumar R. Mahesh , Pal Supriyo , Jha Manisha 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Rationale:
Gorlin-Goltz syndrome (GGS) has a wide range of expressivity, with a majority of cases being first diagnosed from the oral findings. Early intervention can reduce its severity.

Patient Concerns:
The primary complaints of all the patients were pain and swelling. Clinical examination with radiological and histopathological evaluation confirmed the diagnosis.

Diagnosis:
This series presents the six cases of GGS treated over a time frame of five years (2018–2022).

Treatment:
The treatments range from enucleation, chemical cauterisation and peripheral ostectomy to aggressive modalities such as resection and reconstruction.

Outcomes:
This series comprises of six patients with ages ranging from 12 to 42 years, four of which were female and two were male presenting minimal expression to highly aggressive forms and its unpredictable frequent manifestation.

Take-Away Lessons:
This emphasises the significance of long-term periodic follow-up and genetic screening for early detection, thereby reducing the intensity and aggressiveness of the disease.
Protective role of Coenzyme Q10 on ultrastructure effect of sodium fluoride on the liver of adult male albino rats
Authors: Al-Gizawy Moustafa E. , Gad-Elrab Wail M. , Abd Allatif Alaa A.A. 
Published: June 2023

Background and aim
Fluoride causes liver function impairment, decrease in metabolic activities, and inhibits certain antioxidant enzymes and molecules. This study aims to clarify the possible histological alterations caused by sodium fluoride (NaF) on the liver structure and the potential protective role of Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) against NaF.

Materials and methods
Thirty adult albino male rats weighing about 200–250 g were equally divided into three groups. The first is the control group, the second received NaF in a dose of 10 mg/kg/day for 30 days, and the third group received CoQ10 in a dose of 10 mg/kg/day for 30 days and NaF. The rats were killed when the experiment was finished by inhalation of ether. The liver tissue samples were treated for light and electron microscopy.

Results
In NaF-treated group, the hepatocytes lost their regular configuration in liver cords that radiate from the central vein with dilated blood sinusoids separating them. Disorganization of cytoplasm was observed with destructed mitochondria and destructed rough endoplasmic reticulum. The nucleus was heterochromatic, irregular, and showed nuclear membrane deformity. The blood sinusoids were dilated and filled with red blood cells. In the protective group with CoQ10 a partial recovery occurred. The hepatocyte became nearly normal with few changes as some vaculations in the cytoplasm and dilated in blood sinusoids.

Conclusion
NaF has deteriorating effects on the liver and CoQ10 has protective effects against these changes and produced a significant improvement.
Prevalence of gastrointestinal and hepatic manifestations among Egyptian adult COVID-19-positive patients: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Elsherif Abdelhalim A. , El-Hawary Mostafa A. , Hussein Mohammed S. , Hassan Alaa T. , Ahmed Abdelkader 
Published: June 2023

Background and Aim
The outbreak of the coronavirus disease in December, 2019, started in China and has become a worldwide threat to humans. Although patients infected with coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) presented predominantly by symptoms of the respiratory tract, gastrointestinal symptoms, and liver injury have also been reported.

Materials and methods
This study was performed retrospectively at Ahmed Maher Teaching Hospital (Cairo, Egypt). The authors included 340 patients diagnosed between April 5, 2020 and August 29, 2020 with confirmed COVID-19 infection by real-time reverse transcription PCR assay using nasal and pharyngeal swabs. The authors divided the patients into group A that included 210 patients with respiratory manifestations only, group B included 108 patients with respiratory and gastrointestinal tract or hepatic manifestation, and group C included 22 patients with gastrointestinal tract or hepatic manifestations only.

Results
The most common gastrointestinal symptoms was anorexia with a total of 61 patients (17.9%) followed by diarrhea in 59 patients (17.35%). Only eight patients (2.3%) showed elevated bilirubin with either ascites (four patients) or lower limb edema (six patients). Interestingly, the number of patients needed ICU transfer was 29 (8.5%) and most of them belonged to group B (19 patients) representing 65.5% from the total number of patients admitted to the ICU.

Conclusion
Most of COVID-19 patients presented mainly with symptoms of respiratory tract, but a large number of patients presented with gastrointestinal symptoms and liver testing abnormalities. The presence of digestive symptoms and liver test dysfunction correlated with more aggressive disease.
Excimer light versus excimer light with topical prostaglandin in the treatment of facial vitiligo: a comparative study
Authors: Tawfik Khaled M. , Mohamed Refaat R. , Heipa Mayada A.I. 
Published: June 2023

Background and aim
Vitiligo is a common skin-depigmentation disorder characterized by the absence of melanocytes. The mechanism and etiology of vitiligo is still unknown, so the treatment of vitiligo is challenging. There are several treatment options for vitiligo, such as topical, systemic, phototherapy, and surgical treatment. We aimed to compare between the efficacies of excimer light alone versus excimer light with topical prostaglandin (PGE) in the treatment of facial vitiligo.

Patients and methods
This is a comparative study that was carried out on 50 patients (their mean age was 29.57 years, 33 patients were females) diagnosed as facial vitiligo. Two patches of vitiligo were chosen in the same patient, one treated with topical latanoprost (—two to three drops once daily with excimer light two sessions per week for 3 months), the other patch treated with excimer light alone two sessions per week for 3 months.

Results
There was a significant reduction in vitiligo-surface area after application of excimer light with topical PGE. Also, there was a significant reduction in the vitiligo-surface area after application of excimer light alone, with no significant difference between the two methods; however, there was mild reduction in the surface area of vitiligo patches after application of excimer light with topical PGE more than after application of excimer light alone.

Conclusion
Excimer light with topical PGE can be used as an effective and safe promising topical treatment for vitiligo, especially the facial variant.
Preoperative misoprostol in reducing blood loss during myomectomy
Authors: El Maraghy Yousry O.S. , Abdallah Khaled M. , Moussa Abdallah A. 
Published: June 2023

Background and aim
Uterine myomata are by far the most common benign tumors in women of fertility age. Myomectomy can be used to treat manifested uterine myomas while maintaining the ability to become pregnant. The most serious operative risk is uncontrolled intraoperative bleeding with life-threatening complications, making the procedure more dangerous than hysterectomy and necessitating the services of an experienced surgeon. Several ways are being applied to alleviate this complication. The study aim was to evaluate the role of sublingual misoprostol (prostaglandin E1, 400 μg) administered 60 min preoperatively for reducing blood loss during abdominal myomectomy.

Patients and methods
This randomized prospective controlled study was applied on 40 women with manifested uterine myomas, who were subsumed for myomectomy. Among women subsumed for abdominal myomectomy surgery, 60 min before the surgery women in the study group (n=20) were administered a single dose of sublingual misoprostol (400 μg) while those in the control group (n=20) were administered placebo.

Results
Postoperative blood loss, postoperative hemoglobin, and hospitalization time mean (252.5±170.5 ml, 10.8±1.02 g/dl, and 1.8±0.4 day, respectively) were significantly reduced (P=0.003, 0.032, and 0.004, respectively) in patients given preoperative sublingual misoprostol, and so there were consequently higher postoperative values of hemoglobin in these patients. As regards the operation time, intraoperative blood loss, and blood transfusion there was a decreased need in the study group but not statistically significant P-value (0.065, 0.077, and 0.311, respectively).

Conclusions
A single preoperative dose of sublingual misoprostol may be a simple, easily applicable, and cozy method for reducing intraoperative blood loss during abdominal myomectomy.
The role of prophylactic antibiotics in prevention of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in compensated liver cirrhosis with upper gastrointestinal bleeding: randomized controlled, clinical trial
Authors: Abdelmohsen Ahmed S. , Hakeem Nariman G.A. , Hassan Sayed , Ashmawy Ahmed M. , Hassan Waleed A. , Abdelbaki Laila 
Published: June 2023

Background and aim
Acute variceal bleeding is one of the major causes of death in cirrhotic patients.
Bacterial infection is one of the common complications with acute variceal bleeding. Using prophylactic antibiotic is controversial in Child–Pugh-A patients with acute variceal bleeding. In this respect, we aimed to assess the impact of using prophylactic antibiotic in Child-A cirrhotic patients presented with upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) in prevention of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP).

Patient and methods
From January 2021 to December 2022, we recruited 68 cirrhotic patients presented with UGIB. We divided our patients into two groups: prophylactic group (34 patients) and control group (34 patients). Clinical evaluation, laboratory investigations, and ultrasound of the abdomen all were done at baseline and followed up for 7 days during admission for signs of bacterial infection, especially SBP (NCT04711122).

Results
The infections that we encountered were SBP (three cases in the prophylaxis group and seven cases in the control group) and pneumonia (one case in the control group). There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups regarding the incidence of ascitic fluid infection (8.8 vs. 20.6%, P=0.15). There was insignificant difference between both groups as regards hospital stay, blood transfusion, admission to the ICU, and mortality.

Conclusion
Cirrhotic patients with Child class A who presented with UGIB and received antibiotic prophylaxis did not get benefit regarding the incidence of bacterial infections, mortality, or frequency of admission to the ICU.
Hepatocellular carcinoma: A clinicopathological and immunohistochemical study of 116 cases from a tertiary care hospital in Southern India
Authors: Hui Monalisa , Uppin Shantveer G. , Uppin Megha S. , Madhav T. Venu , Varma G. Surya Ramachandra , Paul Tara Roshni , Bheerappa N. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background:
Diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is difficult on morphology alone in poorly differentiated tumors and metastatic carcinomas. Appropriate immunohistochemical markers are required for definite diagnosis. In this article, we have analyzed the histopathological and immunohistochemical features of HCC and elucidate the best possible immunohistochemistry (IHC) marker combination by comparing the sensitivity of various markers in different grades of tumor.

Methods:
A total of 116 consecutive cases were analyzed retrospectively. The hematoxylin and eosin stained sections were reviewed in all the cases. IHC was done using hepatocellular specific antigen (HSA), arginase-1, glypican-3, and polyclonal carcinoembryonic antigen (pCEA). The sensitivity of various immunohistochemical markers individually as well as in combination for different tumor grades was determined.

Results:
Histologically, the predominant subtype comprised of classic variant (109,93.9%) followed by combined hepatocellular and cholangiocarcinoma (4,3.4%) and fibrolamellar variant (3,2.6%). Trabecular pattern was the most common histological pattern. On grading, 65,56.03% were moderately differentiated, 34,29.31% well differentiated, and17, 14.65% poorly differentiated. HSA and polyclonal-CEA showed higher sensitivity than arginase-1 and glypican-3 in well and moderately differentiated tumors. In contrast arginase-1 and glypican-3 showed better sensitivity in poorly differentiated HCC. The overall sensitivity increased to greater than 90% if HSA/polyclonal-CEA is combined with either arginase-1/glypican-3 irrespective of tumor grade.

Conclusion:
Majority of the tumors were classic variants and moderately differentiated. HSA along with either arginase-1 or glypican-3 is the best combination of immunomarker for identification of hepatocellular differentiation irrespective of tumor grade.
Comparison of Psychiatric Morbidities among Pupils in Traditional Almajiri and Almajiri-Integrated Model Schools in Sokoto Metropolis, Northwest Nigeria
Authors: Abubakar Ahmad , Habib Zahradden G. , Gudaji Mustapha I. 
Published: June 2023

Context:
Almajiri pupils are a form of street children, belonging to children on the street. Streetism is associated with a lot of physical and social stress.

Aim:
This study examined the prevalence of psychiatric morbidity and sociodemographic factors among pupils in traditional Almajiri (Tsangaya) and Almajiri Integrated Model Schools (AIMS) in Sokoto metropolis, northwest Nigeria.

Methods and Materials:
Pupils within the ages of 6–17 years participated in this cross-sectional comparative study. Through a multistage sampling technique, 96 pupils from each of Tsangaya and AIMS were selected as an equal sample. The Kiddies Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia, Present and Lifetime (K-SADS-PL), and sociodemographic variables were assessed. The Statistical Package for Social Science version 21 software for windows was used to analyze the data.

Results:
We studied 192 all male pupils, whose mean age and standard deviations were 13.01 ± 2.30 and 12.91 ± 2.15 years in Tsangaya and AIMS, respectively. Overall, the prevalence of psychiatric morbidities was 27.6%, in a proportion of 67.9% to 32.1% in Tsangaya and AIMS, respectively. The common psychiatric disorders in this study were depression, enuresis, and posttraumatic stress disorder.

Conclusion:
Tsangaya pupils experience more psychiatric morbidity compared to their counterparts in AIMS. Neurotic disorders were found to be more prevalent among them. More AIMS should be created to reduce the prevalence of psychiatric morbidity among the vulnerable children in Tsangaya.
Correlation between Skeletal Manifestations of Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) and Transcranial Doppler Imaging Velocities
Authors: Aloboudi Abdullah S. , Al Hammad Abdullah , AlFaraj Jaffar S. , Al Hussain Ali 
Published: June 2023

Context:
Sickle cell disease (SCD), a genetic disorder, is a debilitating illness. Among the different complications of SCD, cerebrovascular complication results in stroke in pediatric population. The cause of stroke in those patients is attributed to vasculopathy, stenosis, or vaso-occlusion of distal internal carotid arteries. Another body system that is commonly affected is the musculoskeletal system. Both skeletal manifestations and vasculopathy in Circle of Willis in SCD are known consequences of the same underlying pathology.

Aim:
This study was conducted to assess the correlation between osseous findings and vasculopathy of Circle of Willis.

Settings and Design:
It was a chart review study conducted during December 2021 to January 2022. Children suffering from SCD were the study population.

Materials and Methods:
The sampling was done by using convenience purposive sampling technique. The data were collected as observations using picture archiving and communication system and then entered Excel spreadsheet.

Statistical Analysis Used:
The data were analyzed using SPSS, Version 28. The descriptive statistics including frequencies and percentages for the skeletal manifestations and transcranial Doppler imaging (TCDI) readings were calculated. To assess the association between skeletal manifestations and TCDI, a Chi-square test of independence was performed.

Results:
The findings showed that abnormal TCDI readings exhibited higher frequency on abnormal skeletal manifestations as compared to normal TCDI readings.

Conclusion:
The study showed that an osseous manifestation of disease was associated with vasculopathy of Circle of Willis vasculature. Therefore, osseous manifestations of SCD can be associated with the chance of stroke among the children since it is associated with the vasculopathy of Circle of Willis.
Global research trend on yoga and Yagya intervention on mental illness: A Bibliometric attributes of five decades (1972–2021)
Authors: Gupta Anuradha , Om Acharya Rohit , Verma Rupam , Vashisht Akshay , Bhatt Medha , Dabas Anurag , Gowda Paran , Arya Vedpriya 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
People have practiced yoga and yagya (Homam or Agnihotra) as essential religious practices in India to maintain the environment, health, and wellness from time immemorial.

Aim:
The current bibliometric study was conducted to identify the published scientific data on the efficacy of yoga and Yagya on mental illness during the study period (1972–2021).

Materials and Methods:
A research query was generated and Scientometric data was collected from the “dimentions.ai” online database, resulting in a total of 8802 published research papers associated with the study. The obtained dataset was analyzed using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses to evaluate the effect of yoga and yagya on mental illness.

Results:
The results indicated that most of the prolific authors are from highly productive institutions, with Harvard University on the top. The United States of America contributed the most in publications among countries, wherein author Shirley Telles published the most research paper related to yoga research.

Conclusion:
The current study shows that research related to yoga on mental health has a huge number of publications, but the research related to the efficacy of yagya need more attention of the scientific research. The outcome of this study can be utilized to identify the potential bibliometric endpoints with special emphasis on yoga and yagya on mental health.
Radius of comparison and mean topological dimension: -actions
Authors: Niu Zhuang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractConsider a minimal-free topological dynamical system
$(X, \mathbb Z^d)$
. It is shown that the radius of comparison of the crossed product C*-algebra
$\mathrm {C}(X) \rtimes \mathbb Z^d$
is at most half the mean topological dimension of
$(X, \mathbb Z^d)$
. As a consequence, the C*-algebra
$\mathrm {C}(X) \rtimes \mathbb Z^d$
is classified by the Elliott invariant if the mean dimension of
$(X, \mathbb Z^d)$
is zero.
Vulnerabilidade médica no ambiente hospitalar e ambulatorial – uma visão geral
Authors: Tavares Thiago de Mello , De Lemos Gabriel Soares , Kuminek Régis , Magnani Mirela Hoffmann , Nascimento Isabela de Oliveira 
Published: June 2023

Introdução: Risco de adquirir doenças, insalubridade no meio hospitalar, estresses causados pela pressão imposta pelo paciente e pela sociedade são algumas questões que nos trazem à tona a vulnerabilidade em que o médico é exposto durante o exercício da sua profissão. A vulnerabilidade do médico poderá ser de várias ordens, visto à posição de fragilidade que está exposto em seu cotidiano e principalmente a auto- cobrança. Ainda, o tema abordado mostra o quanto os médicos estão expostos e trabalhando sob pressão, acarretando problemas em sua vida como a depressão, ansiedade, distúrbios do sono, alteração de humor, entre outras doenças, o que faz com que muitas vezes para manter o controle emocional, recorram aos medicamentos e/ou uso de bebidas alcoólicas para amenizar a situação vivida. É sabido que alguns pacientes quando procuram atendimento médico esperam a cura e depositam toda carga e esperança no esculápio, e novamente o profissional se encontra em situação delicada, onde está vulnerável a cobrança que não depende exclusivamente do seu empenho, o que causa exaustão afetando a qualidade de vida e até mesmo os relacionamentos pessoais. Objetivo: Revisar a literatura disponível a respeito das situações que evidenciam a vulnerabilidade do médico no ambiente hospitalar, afim de expor possíveis causas e consequências, afim de colaborar para construir relações equilibradas no ambiente de trabalho ambulatorial e hospitalar. Métodos: Sendo uma revisão integrativa da literatura, de caráter exploratório e descritivo. Os dados foram extraídos a partir das plataformas digitais: Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), Google Acadêmico e Pubmed. Para o cruzamento de dados foram utilizados os descritores: Vulnerabilidade médica, saúde hospitalar, depressão médica, ansiedade médica. Todos os artigos encontrados foram submetidos à leitura minuciosa e aplicados aos critérios de seleção. Resultados: Há estudos indicando que doenças psiquiátricas em médicos, são relacionadas ao histórico psiquiátrico da família e a experiência de vida. Conclusão: Os profissionais da saúde sofrem devido os sentimentos de culpa, muitas vezes por fracassar e estar presentes na existência de uma onipotência, combinado a auto- cobrança, há o surgimento de quadros de ansiedade, depressão, e algumas vezes ideações suicidas.