bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mathematical Theory of Nonlinear Single-Phase Poroelasticity
Authors: van Duijn C. J. , Mikelić Andro 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we study the equations of nonlinear poroelasticity derived from mixture theory. They describe the quasi-static mechanical behavior of a fluid saturated porous medium. The nonlinearity arises from the compressibility of the fluid and from the dependence of porosity and permeability on the divergence of the displacement. We point some limitations of the model. In our approach, we discretize the quasi-static formulation in time and first consider the corresponding incremental problem. For this, we prove existence of a solution using Brézis’ theory of pseudo-monotone operators. Generalizing Biot’s free energy to the nonlinear setting, we construct a Lyapunov functional, yielding global stability. This allows us to construct bounds that are uniform with respect to the time step. In the case when dissipative interface effects between the fluid and the solid are taken into account, we consider the continuous time case in the limit when the time step tends to zero. This yields existence of a weak free energy solution.
Biofuel production, hydrogen production and water remediation by photocatalysis, biocatalysis and electrocatalysis
Authors: Osman Ahmed I. , Elgarahy Ahmed M. , Eltaweil Abdelazeem S. , Abd El-Monaem Eman M. , El-Aqapa Hisham G. , Park Yuri , Hwang Yuhoon , Ayati Ali , Farghali Mohamed , Ihara Ikko , Al-Muhtaseb Ala’a H. , Rooney David W. , Yap Pow-Seng , Sillanpää Mika 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe energy crisis and environmental pollution have recently fostered research on efficient methods such as environmental catalysis to produce biofuel and to clean water. Environmental catalysis refers to green catalysts used to breakdown pollutants or produce chemicals without generating undesirable by-products. For example, catalysts derived from waste or inexpensive materials are promising for the circular economy. Here we review environmental photocatalysis, biocatalysis, and electrocatalysis, with focus on catalyst synthesis, structure, and applications. Common catalysts include biomass-derived materials, metal–organic frameworks, non-noble metals nanoparticles, nanocomposites and enzymes. Structure characterization is done by Brunauer–Emmett–Teller isotherm, thermogravimetry, X-ray diffraction and photoelectron spectroscopy. We found that water pollutants can be degraded with an efficiency ranging from 71.7 to 100%, notably by heterogeneous Fenton catalysis. Photocatalysis produced dihydrogen (H2) with generation rate higher than 100 μmol h−1. Dihydrogen yields ranged from 27 to 88% by methane cracking. Biodiesel production reached 48.6 to 99%.
New investments in phosphorus research and training are paramount for Brazilian long-term environmental and food security
Authors: Raniro Henrique Rasera , Papera Jéssica , José Lucas Urbano , Valença Rodrigo Maia , Pavinato Paulo Sergio , Hermann Ludwig , Santner Jakob 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBrazil is an agricultural giant that plays a crucial role in the Global Phosphorus Challenge (GPC), and whose highly weathered soils are currently dependent on phosphorus (P) fertilizers derived from phosphate rock, a dwindling and critical resource. Brazil imports > 50% of its P fertilizers and P recovery from waste is not yet explored in the country, making it vulnerable to market instabilities, phosphate rock availability, and geopolitical conflicts. To make matters worse, Brazilian research budget has been shrinking for 7 years straight, hindering scientific efforts and causing significant ‘brain drain’, further undermining the country’s capacity to tackle this critical problem. However, an opportunity comes with the new Brazilian Federal government (starting January 2023), which promises to make significant investments in science and higher education. We call for all stakeholders to seize this important moment and timely collaborate in creating multidisciplinary P-related projects, taking advantage of the soon-to-be available resources to develop knowledge, technologies, and training networks to shape a new generation of experts in P management in the tropics. We are confident that through agriculture intensification, intelligent use of resources, new legislation and governance, Brazil will stride towards sustainable food production, bringing immediate value to Brazil and the world by protecting the Amazon forest and advancing to overcome the GPC.
Assessing the Implementation of an LGBTQ+ Mental Health Services Training Program to Determine Feasibility and Acceptability During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Fish Jessica N. , King-Marshall Evelyn C. , Turpin Rodman E. , Aparicio Elizabeth M. , Boekeloo Bradley O. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDespite significant social and legal progress, LGBTQ+ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and other sexual and gender minority) populations continue to experience higher rates of mental health and substance use disorders than their heterosexual and cisgender counterparts. Effective LGBTQ+ affirmative mental health care is essential for addressing these disparities but is often limited and difficult to access. The shortage of LGBTQ+ affirmative mental health care providers results from the absence of required and accessible LGBTQ+-focused training and technical assistance opportunities for mental health care professionals. This study evaluates the implementation of our COVID-19 adapted, completely virtual, organization- and therapist-focused training program to improve the mental health workforce’s cultural competence in working with the LGBTQ+ community: the Sexual and Gender Diversity Learning Community (SGDLC). Guided by an expanded RE-AIM model, we used administrator and therapist feedback to assess SGDLC implementation factors to understand how it may be best translated for scaled-up promotion and widespread adoption. Assessment of the initial reach, adoption, and implementation of the SGDLC indicated that it had strong feasibility; reports on satisfaction and relevance support the SGDLC’s acceptability. Maintenance could not be fully assessed from the short study follow-up period. Still, administrators and therapists expressed an intent to continue their newfound practices, a desire for continued training and technical assistance in this area, but also concerns about finding additional opportunities for this education.
Price promotions, beneficiary framing, and mental accounting
Authors: Fisher Geoffrey , McGranaghan Matthew , Liaukonyte Jura , Wilbur Kenneth C. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe introduce the idea of beneficiary framing to the promotion response literature. Two large-scale field experiments (total N = 73,010) in the context of print-at-home coupons show that framing a savings message as affecting a beneficiary (i.e., “save for X”) increases coupon printing and redemptions. This beneficiary framing effect is equivalent to an incremental $0.05 (3.4%) of coupon value. We report eight additional studies (total N = 3,052) to investigate the mechanism, replicability, and role of salience. We find evidence supporting a mental accounting explanation: participants with beneficiary-related budget categories rate beneficiary-framed coupons as more account-relevant and more valuable than non-beneficiary-framed coupons. The experiments further suggest that the beneficiary framing effect (i) holds across multiple common budgeting domains, (ii) cannot be fully explained by an affect transfer mechanism, (iii) is not solely attributable to the visual salience of the beneficiary framing treatment, and (iv) exhibits a boundary condition in which beneficiary framing may reduce promotion response when the recipient does not have a relevant beneficiary. Overall, the results suggest a low-cost approach that some marketers can use to increase promotion uptake.
Impact Response of a Composite Structural Battery in Low-Velocity Tests
Authors: Di Mauro Gennaro , Russo Pietro , Guida Michele 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe tuning of the structural batteries for various applications of transportation is an ambitious target. The pollutant emission and mostly the process for battery recycling and recovery are peculiar aspects to consider for new designs. The goal is to reduce the weight. In this frame, taking into account that the traditional battery packs do not contribute to the structural performance, it is worth to underline the solution of the structural batteries allows to increase the mechanical properties as they are integrated into the primary structure. The paper establishes the response of a composite structural battery model subjected to low-velocity impact tests. The process used to manufacture the structural battery model is described, and the experimental activities are performed by a customized drop tower and finally replicated numerically by explicit code to enhance the comprehension of the structural dynamics. Differences with respect to a carbon fiber laminate are highlighted both for the force released at the impact and dart displacement, for the same levels of energy.
Assessing repair and maintenance efficiency for water suppliers: a novel hybrid USBM-FIS framework
Authors: Sarfaraz Amir Homayoun , Yazdi Amir Karbassi , Hanne Thomas , Wanke Peter Fernandes , Hosseini Raheleh Sadat 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
A metropolitan area's water supply is imperative to the city's development. One of the main goals of the water supply utilities is to ensure the availability of water, as a lack of water would cause many social, political, or health problems. Therefore, water supply facilities must be in good condition, efficient preventive maintenance plans must be implemented, and the performance of the maintenance team monitored. In this paper, efficiency indices of Tehran water utility maintenance teams are investigated using different Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) models. The final scores were then used as inputs to a Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) to assess the efficiency of these maintenance units. Two performance indicators based on DEA, "Availability efficiency" and "Repair time efficiency" are introduced for performance assessment. The Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF) and the Ready To Operate (RTO) are two desirable outputs that are considered in addition to one undesirable output: the Mean Time To Repair (MTTR). In addition, we suggest a new index named MRRW by combining the DEA efficiency with the RRW index. We introduce a novel approach based on DEA combined with FIS methods and the new factors for evaluating water supply maintenance systems, while most previous studies on measuring the efficiency of maintenance teams consider only limited aspects of performance measurement. Based on the results of our study, it became clear that the MRRW measures efficiency better than the traditional RRW measures. We present future improvement strategies based on the output of the FIS.
Sustainability for all? The challenges of predicting and managing the potential risks of end-of-life electric vehicles and their batteries in the Global South
Authors: Prates Luisa , Karthe Daniel , Zhang Lulu , Wang Lili , O’Connor Jack , Lee Halim , Dornack Christina 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe transition from fossil-fuel-based internal combustion vehicles to electric vehicles plays a key role to decarbonize road transport and mitigate climate change. Even though this transition is still in its infancy, it is important to consider not only its environmental benefits but also its potential side effects. Recent projections estimate that the current electric vehicle fleet is expected to increase from 2.4 million in 2020 to over 81 million in 2050, when more than half of all new cars sold are predicted to be battery-electric vehicles (BEVs). End-of-life (EOL) BEVs and their components (particularly the batteries) are far more challenging to manage than their fossil-fueled predecessors as they contain large amounts of chemical substances that constitute potential hazards to the environment and human health and safety. The paper discusses relevant topics for understanding future risks of transition to electric mobility in the Global South countries, which include the internationally used vehicle fluxes; waste management challenges for EoL BEV and its lithium-ion batteries (LIB); environmental and human health impacts of EoL LIBs disposal and policies and regulations for the e-vehicle life cycle. Recommendations to support the development of science-based policies to close regulation gaps of the used electric vehicle international trade flow, avoid pollution-shifting and guarantee a sustainable transition to e-mobility in the Global South countries are given. As a conclusion, an integrated approach from international and national stakeholders is fundamental to guarantee strong policies and regulations as well as to support the development of a sound management of EoL EV and LIBs in the Global South countries and help pave the way to a global circular economy.
Air Pollution and Racial Disparities in Pregnancy Outcomes in the United States: A Systematic Review
Authors: Dzekem Bonaventure S. , Aschebrook-Kilfoy Briseis , Olopade Christopher O. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Exposure to air pollutants and other environmental factors increases the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. There is growing evidence that adverse outcomes related to air pollution disproportionately affect racial and ethnic minorities. The objective of this paper is to explore the importance of race as a risk factor for air pollution-related poor pregnancy outcomes.

Methods
Studies investigating the effects of exposure to air pollution on pregnancy outcomes by race were reviewed. A manual search was conducted to identify missing studies. Studies that did not compare pregnancy outcomes among two or more racial groups were excluded. Pregnancy outcomes included preterm births, small for gestational age, low birth weight, and stillbirths.

Results
A total of 124 articles explored race and air pollution as risk factors for poor pregnancy outcome. Thirteen percent of these (n=16) specifically compared pregnancy outcomes among two or more racial groups. Findings across all reviewed articles showed more adverse pregnancy outcomes (preterm birth, small for gestational age, low birth weight, and stillbirths) related to exposure to air pollution among Blacks and Hispanics than among non-Hispanic Whites.

Conclusion
Evidence support our general understanding of the impact of air pollution on birth outcomes and, specifically, of disparities in exposure to air pollution and birth outcomes for infants born to Black and Hispanic mothers. The factors driving these disparities are multifactorial, mostly social, and economic factors. Reducing or eliminating these disparities require interventions at individual, community, state, and national level.
Countering Negotiation Power Asymmetries by Using the Adjusted Winner Algorithm
Authors: Zulauf Katrin , Wagner Ralf 
Published: March 2023

AbstractOne promise of computational decision support is enabling better solutions in interactions and social exchange by supporting human strengths (e.g. intuitive decision-making) with formal procedures. This study investigates whether mathematical post-negotiation procedures can guide parties to an efficient negotiation result and thus overcome the shortcomings of human-only approaches in the situation of power asymmetry. The results show that (a) an increase in power by means of a rise in issue authority for one of the two parties does not lead to an increase in humans’ negotiation efficiency, (b) the use of mathematical post-negotiation procedures eminently improves the overall results and (c) the powerful party is likely to benefit most from applying a neutral post-negotiation procedure. These differences highlight that power in commercial negotiations does not compensate for insufficient negotiation skills or efforts in the empowered party. On the contrary, unbalanced power decreases the likelihood of success. Despite the ability to prevail because of power, the post-negotiation procedure reveals options advantageous for both parties.
Barcoding of white-spotted stink bug, Eysarcoris ventralis (Westwood) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) attacking Egyptian barley and its population density
Authors: Mariey Samah A. , Khatab Ismael A. , Aiad Mahmoud A. , Mansour Mohsena R. K. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWhite-spotted stink bugs, were noticed as a first time in a few numbers of the Egyptian barley cultivar Giza 138 plants in mid of January of 2019/2020 season at soil improvement and conservation Research department at Sakha Agricultural Research station, farm, Kafr El-Sheikh Government, Egypt. Morphological identification and DNA barcoding of mitochondrial gene cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) were used identified the species of collected bugs. The results revealed a new record ofEysarcoris ventralis(Westwood 1837) (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). The results of pest insect survey of directly accounts on barley cultivar weekly during two growing winter 2019/2020 and 2019/2021 seasons displayed a significant effect of seasons on theE. ventralispopulation density. Positive significantly correlation was found between theE. ventralispopulation density and growth stages of barley under 2019/2020 and 2019/2021 seasons by (0.311 and 0.531) respectively. Regression coefficient, revealed that decrease of temperature by 1 °C increased population ofE. ventralisby 0.051 and 0.036 insects per 10 tillers in 2019/2020 and 2019/2021 seasons respectively, while increase of relative humidity by 1% decreased population ofE. ventralisby 0.047 and 0.31 insects per 10 tillers in 2019/2020 and 2019/2021 seasons. High population ofE. ventraliswas found in Anthesis stage of barley. Minor damage was found in immature grain at dough stage. Thus these results are so important to using feature integrated pest management (IPM) programs in barley to avoid the damage ofEysarcoris ventralis(Westwood 1837). Partial DNA sequence of collected sample using cytochromecoxidase I (COI) mitochondrial gene with clear alignment of 576 bp. The tested sequence more related toEysarcorissp. and far fromNezarasp.). For more accuracy, BLAST was used for tested sequence withEysarcorissp. and found it closely related toE. ventralis.DNA sequence ofCOIas type effectively precludes the finding of a new evidence to resolve taxonomic problems.
Embedded System for the Analysis of Thermal Properties of Hemoglobin
Authors: Castañeda-Miranda Alejandro , Castaño Víctor M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA novel embedded photoacoustic system design is described and a calculation method is proposed to determine the blood hemoglobin oxygen saturation through the thermal properties of different skin color types. A heat equation model allows a calculation procedure to determine the reflection and transmitted thermal wave amplitude for obtaining a depth profile, depending on the modulation frequency at the air-skin-subcutaneous tissue interface. Our reflection-mode photoacoustic technique involves the use of a 445 nm pulsed-laser light spot on subcutaneous tissue to obtain amplitude and phase from signals for different skin color types. The transmission and reflection temperature coefficients are fitted through a heat propagation model to estimate the thermal wave properties of blood hemoglobin. Nonlinearly amplified photoacoustic signals are modeled from the microphone and their stability analyzed by a bode diagram, as to consider overheated hemoglobin background. An dedicated electronic embedded system is thus integrated, including memory, processor and preprocessor, to provide a simple measurement technique, as compared to conventional instruments.
Thin-ended clusters in percolation in
Authors: Czajkowski Jan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractConsider Bernoulli bond percolation on a graph nicely embedded in hyperbolic space
$\mathbb{H}^d$
in such a way that it admits a transitive action by isometries of
$\mathbb{H}^d$
. Let
$p_{\text{a}}$
be the supremum of all percolation parameters such that no point at infinity of
$\mathbb{H}^d$
lies in the boundary of the cluster of a fixed vertex with positive probability. Then for any parameter
$p < p_{\text{a}}$
, almost surely every percolation cluster is thin-ended, i.e. has only one-point boundaries of ends.
Why are Epistemic Reasons Normative?
Authors: Callahan Laura Frances 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNormativism is the (controversial) view that epistemic reasons for belief are really, genuinely normative. Normativists might wonder – and anti-normativists might press the question – why, or in virtue of what, are epistemic reasons normative? Borrowing Korsgaard's metaphor, what's the “source” of their normativity? Here I argue that this question is both highly interesting and subtly distinct from other common questions in the literature. I also propose an initial taxonomy of stance-dependent and stance-independent answers, and I advocate a novel, hybrid type of view as ultimately most promising for (mostly) vindicating normativism.
The existence of the Kähler–Ricci soliton degeneration
Authors: Blum Harold , Liu Yuchen , Xu Chenyang , Zhuang Ziquan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe prove an algebraic version of the Hamilton–Tian conjecture for all log Fano pairs. More precisely, we show that any log Fano pair admits a canonical two-step degeneration to a reduced uniformly Ding stable triple, which admits a Kähler–Ricci soliton when the ground field.
Beyond Incomplete Dichotomies: A Structural Typology of Dual Rights in the EU and the US
Authors: Moussa Mohamed 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe two widely used dichotomies of floor/ceiling and centralization/decentralization often fail to capture the full interactions of rights in multilevel constitutional systems such as the EU or the US. This article offers a comprehensive yet straightforward classification linking rights to the division of power between the center and component states. The typology comprises three overarching categories: plurality, partial and full centrality. These categories are broken down into further subcategories and illustrated through comparative examples from the EU and the US. The typology reveals mezzanine structural levels which go unnoticed when analysis is confined to existing dichotomies. The purpose of the typology is, first, to facilitate more accurate comparisons of the EU and the US’s composite systems and make commonalities and divergences easier to identify. Second, through the ensuing clarity, it aids the normative inquiry into what level of government—the center or the state—is better suited to regulate different types of rights and to what extent. Thirdly, it reconnects the EU-US comparison with comparative constitutionalism’s Aristotelian pedigree of utilizing robust categorization as a necessary cognitive tool for maintaining rationally ordered analyses.