bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Robust Excitonic‐Insulating States in Cu‐Substituted Ta2NiSe5
Authors: Song Junseong , Jung Eilho , Cho Byeong Wook , Song Bumsub , Kim Jae Woo , Kim Hyeonbeom , Kim Ki Kang , Son Byoungchul , Lee Jouhahn , Hwang Jungseek , Lee Young Hee 
Published: March 2023

AbstractExcitonic insulators exhibit intriguing quantum phases that further attract numerous interests in engineering the electrical and optical properties of Ta2NiSe5. However, tuning the electronic properties such as spin‐orbit coupling strength and orbital repulsion via pressure in Ta2NiSe5 are always accompanied with electron‐hole pair breaking, which is a bottleneck for further applications. Here, the robust excitonic‐insulating states invariant with electron‐doping concentrations in Ta2NiSe5 are demonstrated. The electron doping is conducted by substituting Cu into Ni site (Ta2Ni1‐xCuxSe5). The majority carrier of pristine sample is a hole‐type and is converted to electron‐type with a doping concentration over x = 0.01, whose carrier density can be controlled by varying the Cu concentration. The excitonic transition temperature (Tc) does not significantly alter with electron‐doping concentrations, which is stark contrast with the declining Tc as the hole‐type dopant of Fe or Co increases. The optical conductivity data also demonstrate the invariant excitonic‐insulating states in Cu‐doped Ta2NiSe5. The findings of invariant excitonic‐insulating states in n‐type Cu‐substituted Ta2NiSe5 can be utilized for further electronic device applications by using excitons.
Regulating Type H Vessel Formation and Bone Metabolism via Bone‐Targeting Oral Micro/Nano‐Hydrogel Microspheres to Prevent Bone Loss
Authors: Li Junjie , Wei Gang , Liu Gongwen , Du Yawei , Zhang Ruizhi , Wang Aifei , Liu Baoshan , Cui Wenguo , Jia Peng , Xu Youjia 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPostmenopausal osteoporosis is one of the most prevalent skeletal disorders in women and is featured by the imbalance between intraosseous vascularization and bone metabolism. In this study, a pH‐responsive shell–core structured micro/nano‐hydrogel microspheres loaded with polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) using gas microfluidics and ionic cross‐linking technology are developed. This micro/nano‐hydrogel microsphere system (PDAP@Alg/Cs) can achieve oral delivery, intragastric protection, intestinal slow/controlled release, active targeting to bone tissue, and thus negatively affecting intraosseous angiogenesis and osteoclastogenesis. According to biodistribution data, PDAP@Alg/Cs can successfully enhance drug intestinal absorption and bioavailability through intestine adhesion and bone targeting after oral administration. In vitro and in vivo experiments reveal that PDAP@Alg/Cs promoted type H vessel formation and inhibited bone resorption, effectively mitigating bone loss by activating HIF‐1α/VEGF signaling pathway and promoting heme oxygenase‐1 (HO‐1) expression. In conclusion, this novel oral micro/nano‐hydrogel microsphere system can simultaneously accelerate intraosseous vascularization and decrease bone resorption, offering a brand‐new approach to prevent postmenopausal osteoporosis.
Research Process of Carbon Dots in Memristors
Authors: Hao Haotian , Yan Lingpeng , Wang Mixue , Cao Yanli , He Jintao , Yang Yongzhen 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe explosive growth of digital communication promotes advanced memory and computing devices in Big Data and artificial intelligence era. In particular, memristors hold great promise for in‐memory computing and artificial synapses, expected to break through restrictions on hardware computational power and storage capacity caused by the von Neumann bottleneck and declining Moore's Law. The memristance controllability is vital to memristors, in which functional layer materials are key. As novel functional layer materials, carbon dots (CDs) are expected to overtake silicon‐based materials due to their satisfactory modulation effects on memristance and distinguished memristive performances. The combination of CDs and matrix materials may carry out multimode sensation memristors for interactive intelligent systems. This review first gives a brief introduction to memristors and their functional layer materials, especially different CDs and their relations with memristance. Then the modulation effects of CDs on memristance are highlighted, mainly including the local electric field enhancement effect, the electron trapping and detrapping effect, and the photosensitization effect, accompanied by applications of CDs‐based memristors (CDMs). Lastly, challenges and perspectives of CDMs are pointed out. This work is rewarding to understand the role of CDs in memristors, to guide relevant research about CDMs, and to promote implementation for intelligent memory and computing.
Early validity and reliability evidence for the American Board of Emergency Medicine Virtual Oral Examination
Authors: Chudnofsky Carl R. , Reisdorff Earl J. , Joldersma Kevin B. , Ruff Kathleen C. , Goyal Deepi G. , Gorgas Diane L. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe American Board of Emergency Medicine (ABEM) in‐person Oral Certification Examination (OCE) was halted abruptly in 2020 due to the COVID‐19 pandemic. The OCE was reconfigured to be administered in a virtual environment starting in December 2020.ObjectivesThe purpose of this investigation was to determine whether there was sufficient validity and reliability evidence to support the continued use of the ABEM virtual Oral Examination (VOE) for certification decisions.MethodsThis retrospective, descriptive study used multiple data sources to provide validity evidence and reliability data. Validity evidence focused on test content, response processes, internal structure (e.g., internal consistency and item response theory), and the consequences of testing. A multifaceted Rasch reliability coefficient was used to measure reliability. Study data were from two 2019 in‐person OCEs and the first four VOE administrations.ResultsThere were 2279 physicians who took the 2019 in‐person OCE examination and 2153 physicians who took the VOE during the study period. Among the OCE group, 92.0% agreed or strongly agreed that the cases on the examination were cases that an emergency physician should be expected to see; 91.1% of the VOE group agreed or strongly agreed. A similar pattern of responses given to a question about whether the cases on the examination were cases that they had seen. Additional evidence of validity was obtained by the use of the EM Model, the process for case development, the use of think‐aloud protocols, and similar test performance patterns (e.g., pass rates). For reliability, the Rasch reliability coefficients for the OCE and the VOE during the study period were all >0.90.ConclusionsThere was substantial validity evidence and reliability to support ongoing use of the ABEM VOE to make confident and defensible certification decisions.
Mechanisms of weed suppression by cereal rye cover crop: A review
Authors: Camargo Silva Gustavo , Bagavathiannan Muthukumar 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCereal rye (Secale cereale L.) is an important cover crop species in the United States. It has the potential to minimize soil erosion, reduce nutrient leaching, decrease fertilizer inputs, improve soil water after termination, and enhance soil organic matter. Cereal rye is also an efficient tool for weed suppression (up to 100% under ideal conditions), which is achieved through several mechanisms. Reported biomass production estimates ranged from 0.9 to 20 ton ha−1 in different environments; weed suppression benefits were observed in all these scenarios, though the extent of suppression significantly differed across the studies, indicating the presence of multiple weed suppression mechanisms with cereal rye cover crops. These can be competitive (competition for space [i.e., mulching effect], water, nutrients, and light) or non‐competitive (allelopathy, reduction in soil temperature, and reduction in light quality). Such a variety of mechanisms make it an excellent tool for integrated weed management in both conventional and organic systems. In this review, we summarize and analyze published information on the mechanisms of weed suppression by cereal rye. First, we outline the physiological characteristics that make cereal rye an excellent cover crop species and the many benefits it can provide. Second, we review four competitive mechanisms of weed suppression, which are generally considered the leading ones. Third, we summarize three non‐competitive mechanisms, the applications of which are not yet fully understood in agricultural systems. Finally, we analyze the management implications of this information and identify knowledge gaps for directing future research on this topic.
19F NMR Untersuchung des Konformationsaustauschs mehrerer Zustände im synthetischen Neomycin‐bindenden Riboschalter
Authors: Overbeck Jan H. , Vögele Jennifer , Nussbaumer Felix , Duchardt‐Ferner Elke , Kreutz Christoph , Wöhnert Jens , Sprangers Remco 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDer synthetische Neomycin‐bindende Riboschalter interagiert mit seinem Liganden Neomycin sowie mit den verwandten Antibiotika Ribostamycin und Paromomycin. Die Bindung dieser Aminoglykoside induziert sehr ähnliche Grundzustandsstrukturen in der RNA, allerdings kann nur Neomycin die Initiierung der Translation effizient unterdrücken. Der molekulare Ursprung dieser Unterschiede wurde auf Unterschiede in der Dynamik der Ligand‐Riboschalter‐Komplexe zurückgeführt. In diesem Artikel kombinieren wir fünf komplementäre fluorbasierte NMR‐Methoden, um die Dynamik der drei Riboschalter‐Komplexe im Sekunden‐ bis Mikrosekundenbereich genau zu quantifizieren. Unsere Daten offenbaren komplexe Austauschprozesse mit bis zu vier strukturell unterschiedlichen Zuständen. Wir interpretieren unsere Ergebnisse in einem Modell, das ein Zusammenspiel zwischen verschiedenen chemischen Gruppen in den Antibiotika und spezifischen Basen im Riboschalter zeigt. Allgemeiner unterstreichen unsere Daten das Potenzial von 19F NMR‐Methoden, komplexe Austauschprozesse mit mehreren angeregten Zuständen zu charakterisieren.
Hochdielektrischer Poly(vinylidenfluorid)‐basierter Ionogel‐Feststoffelektrolyt für den gleichmäßigen Lithium‐Ionen‐Transport
Authors: Liu Jun‐Feng , Wu Zhan‐Yu , Stadler Florian J. , Huang Yan‐Fei 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIonische Flüssigkeiten (ionic liquids, ILs) eingebettet in feste Polymer‐Elektrolyte (iono‐SPEs) weisen eine hohe ionische Leitfähigkeit auf, zeigen jedoch einen nicht‐uniformen Li+‐Transport in den verschiedenen Phasen. In dieser Arbeit wird gezeigt wie der Li+‐Transport in Polymerphasen erheblich durch ein Poly(vinylidenfluorid‐trifluorethylen‐chlorotrifluorethylen)‐Netzwerk [P(VDF‐TrFE‐CTFE), PTC] ILs zur Herstellung von iono‐SPEs verbessert werden kann. Im Gegensatz zu PVDF zeigt PTC mit geeigneter Polarität eine schwächere Adsorptionsenergie an IL‐Kationen, wodurch ihre Möglichkeit, Li+‐Sprungstellen zu besetzen, reduziert wird. Die deutlich höhere Dielektrizitätskonstante von PTC als PVDF erleichtert die Dissoziation von Li‐Anionen‐Clustern. Diese beiden Faktoren verstärken den Li+‐Transport entlang von PTC‐Ketten, wodurch der Unterschied des Li+‐Transports zwischen den verschiedenen Phasen verringert wird. Die LiFePO4/PTC iono‐SPE/Li‐Zellenzyklen stabil mit einer Kapazitätserhaltung von 91.5 % nach 1000 Zyklen bei 1 C und 25 °C. Diese Arbeit ebnet einen neuen Weg zur Erzeugung eines gleichmäßigen Li+‐Flusses in iono‐SPEs durch Optimierung der Polarität und Dielektrizität der Polymermatrix.
Mangan(I) katalysierte ortho C–H‐Allylierung von Benzoesäuren
Authors: Goebel Jonas F. , Stemmer Johanna , Belitz Florian , Gooßen Lukas J. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn Gegenwart von Neocuproin als Ligand vermittelt der 3d‐Metallkatalysator Mn(CO)5Br erffizient ortho‐C–H‐Allylierungen aromatischer Carboxylate. Trotz der Einfachheit der dirigierenden Gruppe und des Katalysatorsystems geht die Selektivität weit über den Stand der Technik hinaus, da ausschließlich mono‐allylierte Produkte mit hoher Selektivität für die am wenigsten gehinderte ortho‐Position erhalten werden. Die dirigierende Gruppe kann optional durch in situ Decarboxylierung entfernt werden, was einen regioselektiven Zugang zu Allylarenen eröffnet. Der präparative Nutzen des Verfahrens und seine Orthogonalität zu anderen Ansätzen wurde anhand von 44 Produkten mit ansonsten schwer zugänglichen Substitutionsmustern nachgewiesen, darunter 3‐Brom‐allylbenzol, 3‐Allylbenzofuran oder 5‐Allyl‐2‐methylnitrobenzol.
Synergizing Electron and Heat Flows in Photocatalyst for Direct Conversion of Captured CO2
Authors: Choi Chungseok , Zhao Fengyi , Hart James L , Gao Yuanzuo , Menges Fabian , Rooney Conor L. , Harmon Nia J. , Shang Bo , Xu Zihao , Suo Sa , Sam Quynh , Cha Judy J. , Lian Tianquan , Wang Hailiang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe report a ternary hybrid photocatalyst architecture with tailored interfaces that boost the utilization of solar energy for photochemical CO2 reduction by synergizing electron and heat flows in the photocatalyst. The photocatalyst comprises cobalt phthalocyanine (CoPc) molecules assembled on multiwalled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) that are decorated with nearly monodispersed cadmium sulfide quantum dots (CdS QDs). The CdS QDs absorb visible light and generate electron‐hole pairs. The CNTs rapidly transfer the photogenerated electrons from CdS to CoPc. The CoPc molecules then selectively reduce CO2 to CO. The interfacial dynamics and catalytic behavior are clearly revealed by time‐resolved and in situ vibrational spectroscopies. In addition to serving as electron highways, the black body property of the CNT component can create local photothermal heating to activate amine‐captured CO2, namely carbamates, for direct photochemical conversion without additional energy input.
Umfassende Studie der Gesteigerten Reaktivität von Turbo‐Grignard‐Reagenzien**
Authors: Hermann Andreas , Seymen Rana , Brieger Lukas , Kleinheider Johannes , Grabe Bastian , Hiller Wolf , Strohmann Carsten 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSeit ihrer Einführung im Jahr 2004 revolutionierten Knochel's sogenannte Turbo‐Grignard‐Reagenzien die Anwendung der Grignard‐Reagenzien. Durch die einfache Zugabe von LiCl zu einem Magnesium‐Alkyl kann eine außerorderliche Steigerung der Reaktivität beobachtet werden. Die genaue Zusammensetzung der reaktiven Spezies blieb jedoch lange Zeit ein Rätsel, obwohl das reaktive Gemisch nicht nur in der Synthese breite Anwendung fand, sondern auch in anderen Bereichen wie der Materialwissenschaft Einzug hielt. Um dieses Rätsel zu lösen, kombinierten wir Einkristall‐Röntgendiffraktometrie mit NMR‐Spektroskopie in Lösung und vollendeten unsere Untersuchungen mit quantenchemischen Berechnungen. Durch die breite Vielfalt unserer Methoden, gelang uns ein Einblick in und eine erstmalige Erklärung für die außergewöhnliche Reaktivität dieses äußerst praktikablen Reagenzes, indem wir die Struktur der ersten bimetallischen Spezies [t‐Bu2Mg ⋅ LiCl ⋅ 4 THF] mit zwei tert‐Butylanionen am Magnesium‐zentrum und eingebautem Lithiumchlorid aufklärten.
Covalent Organic Frameworks for Extracting Water from Air
Authors: Sun Chao , Sheng Dafei , Wang Bo , Feng Xiao 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWater scarcity is becoming an increasingly pressing issue due to global population growth and industrialization. One effective approach to addressing this issue is sorption‐based atmospheric water harvesting (SAWH). Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are a type of porous crystalline material that have emerged as promising sorbents for water harvesting due to their high surface area, tunable pore size, and customizable pore chemistry. In this mini‐review, we provide an overview of the different types of COFs, their structural characteristics, and the diverse linkage chemistries used to construct them. Then, we summarize recent advances in using COF‐based sorbents for atmospheric water harvesting, including strategies for controlling sorption properties and optimizing performance in terms of thermodynamics and dynamics. Finally, we discuss prospects and challenges associated with improving the efficiency of COF‐based SAWH systems.
High Dielectric Poly(vinylidene fluoride)‐Based Polymer Enables Uniform Lithium‐Ion Transport in Solid‐State Ionogel Electrolytes
Authors: Liu Jun‐Feng , Wu Zhan‐Yu , Stadler Florian J. , Huang Yan‐Fei 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIonic liquids (ILs)‐incorporated solid‐state polymer electrolytes (iono‐SPEs) have high ionic conductivities but show non‐uniform Li+ transport in different phases. This work greatly promotes Li+ transport in polymer phases by employing a poly (vinylidene fluoride‐trifluoroethylene‐chlorotrifluoroethylene) [P(VDF‐TrFE‐CTFE), PTC] as the framework of ILs to prepare iono‐SPEs. Unlike PVDF, PTC with suitable polarity shows weaker adsorption energy on IL cations, reducing their possibility of occupying Li+‐hopping sites. The significantly higher dielectric constant of PTC than PVDF facilitates the dissociation of Li‐anions clusters. These two factors motivate Li+ transport along PTC chains, narrowing the difference in Li+ transport among varied phases. The LiFePO4/PTC iono‐SPE/Li cells cycle steadily with capacity retention of 91.5 % after 1000 cycles at 1 C and 25 °C. This work paves a new way to induce uniform Li+ flux in iono‐SPEs through polarity and dielectric design of polymer matrix.
Innovative Use of Cadavers in Perioperative Nursing Orientation
Authors: Gee Lacy L. , Greer Joy A. , Delorey Donald R. , Kiser Rebecca A. , Cauley Steven R. 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTThe Periop 101 program administrator at a US Navy medical center worked with personnel in the facility's simulation and bioskills laboratories to develop an innovative perioperative nurse orientation curriculum that included the use of human cadavers during simulation activities. Participants were able to practice common perioperative nursing skills (eg, surgical skin antisepsis) on human cadavers rather than simulation manikins. The orientation program comprises two three‐month phases. Participants were evaluated twice during phase 1: at the six‐week mark and again six weeks later at the end of the phase. Using the Lasater Clinical Judgment Rubric, the administrator scored participants on their clinical judgment skills; results showed that mean scores increased for all learners between the two evaluation sessions. Practicing skills in a safe environment allows new staff members to learn without fear of causing accidental patient harm, and the additional use of cadavers further increased simulation fidelity and learner satisfaction.
Synthesis of Zn0.1Sn0.1Cd0.8Sx Solid Solutions for Photocatalytic Reduction of Cr(VI): Bandgap Structure and Sulfur Vacancy Regulation
Authors: Zhang Pengfei , Zhang Na , Liu Zhiliang , Du Chunfang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTernary metal sulfides (TMSs) solid solutions have been regarded as ideal semiconductors in various photocatalytic reactions due to their outstanding redox reversibility, high electron conductivity, and great stability. In this work, a series of Zn0.1Sn0.1Cd0.8Sx (ZSCS) solid solutions were synthesized by a simple hydrothermal method and applied in the photocatalytic reduction of Cr(VI). The Cr(VI) reduction efficiency of ZSCS‐5 quickly reached nearly 100% within 3 min under visible light irradiation. The controlling of sulfur content in ZSCS induced the transformation of cubic to hexagonal CdS, regulating the energy band structure and sulfur vacancy (SV) content, both of which further influenced the redox properties of ZSCS samples. The more negative conduction band position and more sulfur vacancies contributed to the enhanced photocatalytic reduction performance of ZSCS‐5 toward Cr(VI). The active species e−, h+, O2⋅− and 1O2 were all involved and h+ played a pivotal role in the photocatalytic reaction. This work provided an excellent photocatalyst for reduction of Cr(VI) and strongly confirmed the regulation of energy band structure and sulfur vacancies in photocatalysts through controlling the precursor content.
Surface imprinted bio‐nanocomposites for affinity separation of a cellular DNA repair protein
Authors: Xie Huaisyuan , Sun Ying , Zhang Ruilan , Zhang Yuxuan , Zhao Meiping 
Published: March 2023

AbstractApurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) is a multifunctional DNA repair protein localized in different subcellular compartments. The mechanisms responsible for the highly regulated subcellular localization and “interactomes” of this protein are not fully understood but have been closely correlated to the posttranslational modifications in different biological context. In this work, we attempted to develop a bio‐nanocomposite with antibody‐like properties that could capture APE1 from cellular matrices to enable the comprehensive study of this protein. By fixing the template APE1 on the avidin‐modified surface of silica‐coated magnetic nanoparticles, we first added 3‐aminophenylboronic acid to react with the glycosyl residues of avidin, followed by addition of 2‐acrylamido‐2‐methylpropane sulfonic acid as the second functional monomer to perform the first step imprinting reaction. To further enhance the affinity and selectivity of the binding sites, we carried out the second step imprinting reaction with dopamine as the functional monomer. After the polymerization, we modified the nonimprinted sites with methoxypoly (ethylene glycol) amine (mPEG‐NH2). The resulting molecularly imprinted polymer‐based bio‐nanocomposite showed high affinity, specificity, and capacity for template APE1. It allowed for the extraction of APE1 from the cell lysates with high recovery and purity. Moreover, the bound protein could be effectively released from the bio‐nanocomposite with high activity. The bio‐nanocomposite offers a very useful tool for the separation of APE1 from various complex biological samples.
Continuous CTC separation through a DEP‐based contraction–expansion inertial microfluidic channel
Authors: Islam Md Sadiqul , Chen Xiaolin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe efficient isolation of viable and intact circulating tumor cells (CTCs) from blood is critical for the genetic analysis of cancer cells, prediction of cancer progression, development of drugs, and evaluation of therapeutic treatments. While conventional cell separation devices utilize the size difference between CTCs and other blood cells, they fail to separate CTCs from white blood cells (WBCs) due to significant size overlap. To overcome this issue, we present a novel approach that combines curved contraction–expansion (CE) channels with dielectrophoresis (DEP) and inertial microfluidics to isolate CTCs from WBCs regardless of size overlap. This label‐free and continuous separation method utilizes dielectric properties and size variation of cells for the separation of CTCs from WBCs. The results demonstrate that the proposed hybrid microfluidic channel can effectively isolate A549 CTCs from WBCs regardless of their size with a throughput of 300 μL/min, achieving a high separation distance of 233.4 μm at an applied voltage of 50 Vp–p. The proposed method allows for the modification of cell migration characteristics by controlling the number of CE sections of the channel, applied voltage, applied frequency, and flow rate. With its unique features of a single‐stage separation, simple design, and tunability, the proposed method provides a promising alternative to the existing label‐free cell separation techniques and may have a wide range of applications in biomedicine.