bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metal‐Free and Diastereoselective Synthesis of 4‐Oxa‐δ‐Lactams with 2‐Aza‐3‐Silyloxy‐1,3‐Butadienes and Fluoroalkyl Acylsilanes
Authors: Song Dalu , Zhang Yunxiao , He Xiaoqian , Zhou Gang , Zhang Weilu , Shen Xiao 
Published: January 2025

AbstractHerein, we report a diastereoselective [4+2] cycloaddition reaction of 2‐aza‐3‐silyloxy‐1,3‐butadienes and fluoroalkyl acylsilanes for the synthesis of fluoroalkyl 4‐oxa‐δ‐lactams without a metal catalyst or an additive under open‐to‐air conditions. The reaction features mild conditions, high efficiency and excellent diastereoselectivity, exhibiting a broad substrate scope and good functional group tolerance.
Design of a Solar‐Wind Hybrid Renewable Energy System for Power Quality Enhancement: A Case Study of 2.5 MW Real Time Domestic Grid
Authors: Savio F. Max , Joshua S. Vinson , Usha K. , Faheem Muhammad , Kannadasan Raju , Khan Arfat Ahmad 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe increasing global energy demand driven by climate change, technological advancements, and population growth necessitates the development of sustainable solutions. This research investigates the design, modeling, and simulation of a 2.5 MW solar‐wind hybrid renewable energy system (SWH‐RES) optimized for domestic grid applications. A survey conducted across 450 households identified a total energy demand of 2.3 MW, with distinct day and night usage profiles. In response, a hybrid system consisting of a 1.5 MW solar park and a 1 MW wind energy unit was designed to ensure continuous power supply. The system was modeled and simulated using MATLAB, and its performance was evaluated through a detailed Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) analysis. This research addresses the critical need for a sustainable and high‐quality power supply by designing, modeling, and simulating a 2.5 MW solar‐wind hybrid renewable energy system (SWH‐RES) optimized to meet the energy demand of a surveyed 2.3 MW domestic load, while also reducing THD to acceptable levels for improved power quality and grid stability. The results demonstrated a significant reduction in THD, with voltage THD decreasing from 45.48% to 26.20% and current THD from 8.32% to 2.88% after implementing filtering components. These findings underscore the effectiveness of the proposed SWH‐RES in providing stable, high‐quality power while addressing the growing demand for sustainable energy solutions.
Optimizing La₂MnXO₆ Double Perovskite for Superior Electrochemical Efficiency in Supercapacitors
Authors: Ali Ahmar , Gondal Mohammed A. , Khan Javed A. , Mustaqeem Mujahid , Almessiere Munerah A. , Baykal Abdulhadi 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTDouble perovskite oxides (POs) are effective electrode materials for supercapacitors (SCs). Nevertheless, adapting their unique architectures to boost the electrochemical performance remains tricky. Herein, we present exceptional La2MnXO6 (X = Co, Fe) double perovskites as SC electrode materials. The sol–gel method has prepared La2MnCoO6 (LMCO) and La2MnFeO6 (LMFO) nanorods. XRD revealed that LMCO and LMFO have monoclinic crystal structures with lattice constants of a = 5.517 Å, b = 5.528 Å, c = 7.805 Å, β = 89.926°, and a = 5.549 Å, b = 5.557 Å, c = 7.783 Å, β = 89.931°, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy indicated the existence of uniformly distributed nanorods. The bandgap using Tauc's plot was determined as 1.38 and 1.24 eV for La2MnCoO6 and La2MnFeO6, respectively. Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy further characterized the prepared LMCO and LMFO nanorods. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy investigation confirmed the existence of La3+, Mn3+, Fe3+, O2−, and La3+, Mn3+, Co3+, O2− ions on the surface of La2MnFeO6 and La2MnFeO6, respectively. The specific capacitance achieved was 333.86 and 880.5 F/g @ 2.5 A/g for La2MnCoO6 and La2MnFeO6, respectively, using 1 M KOH electrolyte. La2MnFeO6 demonstrated excellent energy and power density of 30.5 Wh/kg and 625 W/kg. The asymmetric CV curve shape proved that we have battery‐type SC behavior due to the indication of redox reactions. Furthermore, Dunn's technique evaluated the percentage contribution of capacitive and diffusion behavior. Our strategy using LMCO and LMFO nanorods material improved specific capacitance activity and significantly offered a facile guideline for targeting double perovskite electrodes for SC applications.
Late Triassic to Jurassic Tectonic Evolution of the Northern Sichuan Foreland Basin, South China Craton
Authors: Xiong Can , Yang Xiangyang , Dong Yunpeng , Xiao Ming , Wei Zhaoying , Feng Yanbo , Sun Jiaopeng , Xiang Lingzi , Yu Lin , Xie Songlin , Wang Cuifang , Zhang Songlin 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe Northern Sichuan Foreland Basin, which is located in the northwest of South China Craton (SCC), was formed by the intracontinental thrusting between the Qinling Orogenic Belt (QOB) and SCC. The Upper Triassic to Jurassic sedimentary successions within this foreland basin, contain crucial information for revealing the intracontinental deformation sequence between the QOB and the SCC. In this study, based on a systematic dataset, including the palaeocurrent orientation, sandstone modal composition, and detrital zircons U–Pb age data, we attempt to reveal the tectonic processes during the Late Triassic to Jurassic interval. The palaeocurrent orientations, which is primarily directed in the southward and northwestward directions, indicate that the sediments were sourced from the north and southeast. The sandstone clastic components reveal multiple sources, including the magmatic arc and continental crust. Detrital zircons from six samples yield six major U–Pb age groups, including 2650–2350, 2050–1720, 1000–620, 520–380, 350–210, and 205–160 Ma. The Upper Triassic sediments contain a relatively high density of 2490, 1860, 810, 440, and 230 Ma, which are mostly consistent with the QOB, northern SCC and Jiangnan Suture Zone provenances. The majority age population of 2050–1750 Ma observed within the Xujiahe Formation, is considered to be primarily sourced from northern SCC, suggesting the uplift and erosion of the northern SCC, probably imply extreme shortening between the QOB and SCC. The Baitianba and Xintiangou formations, which contain lesser 2050–1720 Ma aged zircons, indicate a period of lacustrine expansion and tectonic quiescence after the shortening. The Middle Jurassic Shaximiao Formation, and the Upper Jurassic Suining and Penglaizhen formations, involve a major age population of 2050–1720 Ma that were sourced from northern SCC, indicate another phase of uplifting of the northern SCC related to a second stage of extreme intracontinental shortening and deformation between the SCC and the QOB. In summary, the above results indicate that, an initial phase of extensive shortening between the QOB and the SCC during the Late Triassic, was followed by a period of tectonic quiescence during the Early Jurassic, and another phase of extreme intracontinental shortening between the QOB and SCC during the Middle to Late Jurassic.
Assessing Thermal Gradients Across Archean Stratigraphy Using Raman Spectra of Carbonaceous Material Thermometry and Mineral Chemistry in the Western Dharwar Craton, India
Authors: Sreehari Lakshmanan , Kiran Sasidharan , Hokada Tomokazu , Satish‐Kumar Madhusoodhan , Toyoshima Tsuyoshi , Sajeev Krishnan , Rajkumar Perumal , Antony Justin K. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis study investigates the metamorphic evolution of the Chitradurga Schist Belt (CSB) in the Western Dharwar Craton, India, emphasising its relationship with tectonic processes. Due to the limited availability of ideal mineral assemblages for calculating metamorphic temperatures, we selected metasedimentary rocks containing carbonaceous material (CM) from each stratigraphic unit in the CSB to understand the tectono‐metamorphic evolution. Raman spectra of carbonaceous material (RSCM) thermometry was integrated with mineral chemical analyses to elucidate the regional metamorphic conditions. These findings were then coupled with the microstructural evolution and deformation history of the CSB to clarify the tectonic evolution of the terrane. Our findings reveal a distinct metamorphic gradient, with the Bababudan Group exhibiting amphibolite‐facies metamorphism at temperatures exceeding 500°C. Other stratigraphic units in the study area recorded greenschist‐facies metamorphism at temperatures below 450°C. Detailed examinations of metamorphic mineral assemblages align with RSCM temperature estimates; hornblende is a major constituent in the Bababudan Group and is replaced by actinolite and chlorite during D2 or D3 deformation. Hydrous minerals such as muscovite and chlorite are distributed across all stratigraphic units, appearing along S2 or S3 foliation. The metamorphism in the Bababudan Group is likely linked to the early stages of collisional events/metamorphism of pre‐rift sequences. In contrast, the pervasive hydration and lower‐grade metamorphism are associated with the later stages of hinterland‐thrust belt formation. This study highlights the significant influence of plate tectonic processes on regional‐scale metamorphism and deformation in the Meso‐Neoarchean Dharwar Craton.
Service Quality in Iranian Hospitals From Patients' Perspectives Based on the SERVQUAL Model: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Alizadeh Tara , Noveiry Marzieh Jahani Sayad , Karkhah Samad , Leyli Ehsan Kazemnezhad , Kohan Kobra Salami , Vajargah Pooyan Ghorbani 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to evaluate the service quality in Iranian hospitals from patients' perspectives based on the SERVQUAL model.Materials and MethodsA thorough exploration of online electronic databases, including Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, IranMedex, and the Scientific Information Database (SID), was undertaken using keywords extracted from Medical Subject Headings such as “Quality of Health Care,” “Hospital,” and “Patients” spanning from the earliest available records up to August 11, 2023.ResultsIn the context of 25 cross‐sectional studies encompassing a collective participant pool of 8021 hospitalized patients in Iranian medical facilities, an assessment of patients' perspectives on the quality of hospital services revealed a mean perception score of 3.54 (SE = 0.08). Concurrently, the mean expectation score for the quality of services was determined to be 4.43 (SE = 0.06). Using the SERVQUAL model, the overall disparity between patients' perceptions and expectations was calculated as −0.89. Subsequent examination of specific dimensions within the SERVQUAL framework revealed gaps between patients' perceptions and expectations in the tangibility dimension (−0.84), reliability dimension (−0.94), responsiveness dimension (−0.91), assurance dimension (−0.89), and empathy dimension (−0.82).ConclusionTherefore, healthcare administrators consider the study's findings as a motivating force to initiate measures aimed at improving service quality in Iranian hospitals. Tackling the recognized shortcomings and areas requiring enhancement holds the promise of raising patient satisfaction levels and, consequently, improving overall healthcare outcomes.
Therapeutic Approaches to Tackle the Challenge of Depression That Is Resistant to Treatment–A Narrative Review
Authors: Rajdoula Rafe Md. , Waris Abdul , Saha Pranoy 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackground and AimsThe lack of therapeutic response characterizes treatment‐resistant depression despite undergoing at least two adequate monotherapy trials with medications from distinct pharmacologic classes. The inability to attain remission in patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD) is a significant issue of concern within public health. Therefore, the management of treatment‐resistant depression (TRD) poses significant obstacles for both patients and healthcare professionals. Our goal was to investigate the published literature concerning different options for treatment for TRD, including those that do not involve the use of medications.MethodsWe thoroughly searched the literature in the Google Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect databases to find publications relevant to our narrative review and extracted data from appropriate data. For this review, literary works written solely in English were chosen.ResultsOngoing research is being conducted to explore the treatment options for TRD, including pharmacological and nonpharmacological interventions. Pharmacological interventions include a wide range of therapeutic approaches, including but not limited to investigating innovative medications and strategies such as augmentation, switching, and combination therapies involving established and emerging drugs. Nonpharmacological interventions, including brain stimulation such as theta burst stimulation, deep brain stimulation, electroconvulsive therapy, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, intermittent transcranial magnetic stimulation, and magnetic seizure therapy, as well as psychotherapeutic approaches, are being explored for the management of TRD in both present and future contexts.ConclusionResearchers are dedicating significant resources to the aforementioned therapeutic interventions to advance the development of novel and efficacious treatment options for TRD and enhance our comprehension of the underlying disease. This review focused on looking at recent research concerning therapeutic interventions for TRD.
Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude, and Associated Factors of Mpox Among Healthcare Professionals at Debre Tabor Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia, 2024: A Cross‐Sectional Study
Authors: Kiros Teklehaimanot , Erkihun Mulat , Wondmagegn Mitikie , Almaw Andargachew , Assefa Ayenew , Berhan Ayenew , Tegegne Dessie , Fentie Alemie , Tiruneh Tegenaw , Malkamu Birhanemaskal , Shimelis Mahider , Dejen Eninur , Getie Birhanu , Damtie Shewaneh , Solomon Yenealem , Sharew Bekele 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundMpox is a zoonotic disease that has become a significant public health concern, especially in regions beyond its usual endemic areas in Africa. The rising global incidence and its classification as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern by the World Health Organization highlight the importance of healthcare professionals (HCPs) being knowledgeable and well‐prepared to effectively manage the virus. This study aims to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and factors associated with HCPs regarding Mpox infections at Debre Tabor Comprehensive Specialized Hospital in Northwest Ethiopia.MethodsBetween June 13th and September 3rd, 2024, a cross‐sectional study was conducted, among 384 HCPs selected through convenience sampling. A pretested, and well‐structured, questionnaire was used to assess the sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge, and attitudes of HCPs. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and logistic regression. A p‐value of ≤ 0.05 was considered a statistically significant association.ResultsOut of the 384 participants, the majority were male (55.47%) and aged 31–39 years (33.85%). Nurses made up the largest professional group at 31.25%. Only 28.13% and 37.76% of HCPs demonstrated good knowledge and favorable attitudes toward the Mpox, respectively. Interestingly, HCPs with prior information sources about Mpox were likely to possess good knowledge (AOR = 1.45, p = 0.002).ConclusionsThe findings emphasize important gaps in the knowledge and attitude of HCPs. It is imperative to implement targeted educational initiatives such as information dissemination, training, and continuous professional development to improve the capacity of HCPs to effectively respond to Mpox and other emerging infectious diseases.
Understanding Hydrological Dynamics in Andean Basins: An Isotope‐Based Study in Arid North‐Central Chile
Authors: Oyarzún Ricardo , Duhalde Denisse , Arumí José Luis , Boll Jan , MacDonell Shelley 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTMountain ranges cover approximately 24% of the Earth’s land mass. These environments have a special relevance in terms of global water supply. However, historically mountain groundwater processes have been generally overlooked or poorly understood, especially in the Andes cordillera. With this in mind, this work aimed to study hydrological processes in four Andean, semi‐arid headwater river basins. Along with monthly stable isotope data collection, we carried out a synoptic surface water sampling programme in each river on four specific dates for 3H analysis. The latter indicated water of similar age in the rivers of three sub‐basins (Derecho, Cochiguaz, Incaguaz), but much older in the fourth (Toro). We assessed different possible explanations for these differences such as effects of past mining activities (El Indio mine), physiographic factors and snow accumulation and glacier related factors, but none of these were satisfactory. Instead, our findings point to the activation of faults in response to seismic activity, which induces pumping of fluids (water) from deeper zones, facilitating exfiltration processes in the Toro River sub‐basin. This explains the presence of surface waters older than those associated with current meteoric processes. Such geological process should be assessed and eventually accounted for when studying mountain hydrogeological processes, especially in high fractured areas with direct or indirect evidence of geothermal activity.
Mesenchymal stem cell‐derived exosomes mitigate amyloid β‐induced retinal toxicity: Insights from rat model and cellular studies
Authors: Qarawani Amanda , Naaman Efrat , Ben‐Zvi Elimelech Rony , Harel Michal , Sigal‐Dror Shahaf , Ben‐Zur Tali , Ziv Tamar , Offen Daniel , Zayit‐Soudry Shiri 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAmyloid β (Aβ) has emerged as a pathophysiological driver in age‐related macular degeneration (AMD), emphasizing its significance in the aetiology of this prevalent sight‐threatening condition. The multifaceted nature of AMD pathophysiology, presumably involving diverse retinal cascades, corresponds with the complexity of Aβ‐induced retinopathy. Therefore, targeting a broad array of pathogenic processes holds promise for therapeutic intervention in AMD‐associated retinal pathology. This study investigates the potential of exosomes derived from adipose tissue mesenchymal stem cells (AT‐MSC‐Exosomes) in alleviating Aβ‐induced retinotoxicity. Through intravitreal injections in wild‐type rats and RPE‐like cell culture experiments, we examined the protective effects of AT‐MSC‐Exosomes against Aβ42 retinotoxicity. Our findings reveal that pre‐treatment with AT‐MSC‐Exosomes enabled nearly‐intact retinal function in vivo and maintained retinal cell viability in vitro, evidenced by longitudinal electroretinography (ERG) and XTT proliferation assays, respectively. Fluorescent labelling demonstrated increased migration of AT‐MSC‐Exosomes towards retinal cells under conditions of amyloid‐related toxicity. Proteomic analysis indicated a decrease in the retinal levels of heat‐shock proteins activated by pathogenic Aβ fibrils following AT‐MSC‐Exosome treatment. Similarly, immunostaining highlighted the modulation of α‐crystallin expression in retinal astrocytes by AT‐MSC‐Exosomes. These results suggest the potential therapeutic relevance of AT‐MSC‐Exosomes in Aβ‐related retinal pathology, offering a promising avenue for future AMD treatment strategies.
Noise Factor of a Transmission Line Subjected to Thermal Gradients
Authors: Colangeli Sergio , Ciccognani Walter , Longhi Patrick E. , Limiti Ernesto 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTA novel, analytical treatment of noise factor in ideal transmission lines subjected to thermal gradients is presented. Temperature dependence on the propagation direction is assumed linear, whereas line loss is initially considered constant. The latter restriction is then removed, in such a manner that, for the first time in the literature, linearly varying line losses are also addressed. In both cases, closed formulae are presented allowing to compute line noise factor for arbitrary source terminations. Previous numerical implementations of the underlying theory are also reappraised both as an introduction to the Reader and as a test bench of the closed‐form results. A discussion of the effects of a non‐uniform temperature distribution across the transverse section of the transmission line is provided upfront, so as to clarify the conditions under which the usual simplifications are valid. This discussion too is believed by the Authors to be original.
Gendered Artificial Intelligence in Marketing: Behavioral and Neural Insights Into Product Recommendations
Authors: Huang Jiayue , Gu Ruolei , Feng Yi , Luo Wenbo 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTMarketing research consistently demonstrates that gender stereotypes influence the effectiveness of product recommendations. When artificial intelligence (AI) agents are designed with gendered features to enhance anthropomorphism, a follow‐up question is whether these agents' recommendations are also shaped by gender stereotypes. To investigate this, the current study employed a shopping task featuring product recommendations (utilitarian vs. hedonic), using both behavioral measures (purchase likelihood, personal interest, and tip amount) and event‐related potential components (P1, N1, P2, N2, P3, and late positive potential) to capture explicit and implicit responses to products recommended by male and female humans, virtual assistants, or robots. The findings revealed that gender stereotypes influenced responses at both levels but in distinct ways. Behaviorally, participants consistently favored female recommenders across all conditions. Additionally, female recommenders received more tips than males for hedonic products in the virtual assistant condition and utilitarian products in the robot condition. Implicitly, the N1 and N2 components reflected a classic gender stereotype from prior research: utilitarian products recommended by male humans elicited greater attention and received more inhibition control. We propose that task design and cultural factors may have contributed to the observed discrepancies between explicit (consumer behaviors) and implicit responses. These findings provide insights for mitigating the impact of gender difference when designing the anthropomorphic appearance of AI agents, which would help the development of more effective marketing strategies.