bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experience-dependent changes in affective valence of taste in male mice
Authors: Hamada Shun , Mikami Kaori , Ueda Shuhei , Nagase Masashi , Nagashima Takashi , Yamamoto Mikiyasu , Bito Haruhiko , Takemoto-Kimura Sayaka , Ohtsuka Toshihisa , Watabe Ayako M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTaste plays an essential role in the evaluation of food quality by detecting potential harm and benefit in what animals are about to eat and drink. While the affective valence of taste signals is supposed to be innately determined, taste preference can also be drastically modified by previous taste experiences of the animals. However, how the experience-dependent taste preference is developed and the neuronal mechanisms involved in this process are poorly understood. Here, we investigate the effects of prolonged exposure to umami and bitter tastants on taste preference using two-bottle tests in male mice. Prolonged umami exposure significantly enhanced umami preference with no changes in bitter preference, while prolonged bitter exposure significantly decreased bitter avoidance with no changes in umami preference. Because the central amygdala (CeA) is postulated as a critical node for the valence processing of sensory information including taste, we examined the responses of cells in the CeA to sweet, umami, and bitter tastants using in vivo calcium imaging. Interestingly, both protein kinase C delta (Prkcd)-positive and Somatostatin (Sst)-positive neurons in the CeA showed an umami response comparable to the bitter response, and no difference in cell type-specific activity patterns to different tastants was observed. Meanwhile, fluorescence in situ hybridization with c-Fos antisense probe revealed that a single umami experience significantly activates the CeA and several other gustatory-related nuclei, and especially CeA Sst-positive neurons were strongly activated. Intriguingly, after prolonged umami experience, umami tastant also significantly activates the CeA neurons, but the Prkcd-positive neurons instead of Sst-positive neurons were highly activated. These results suggest a relationship between amygdala activity and experience-dependent plasticity developed in taste preference and the involvement of the genetically defined neural populations in this process.
In-vivo oogenesis of oogonial and mesenchymal stem cells seeded in transplanted ovarian extracellular matrix
Authors: Mirzaeian Leila , Eivazkhani Farideh , Saber Maryam , Moini Ashraf , Esfandiari Fereshteh , Valojerdi Mojtaba Rezazadeh , Fathi Rouhollah 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Objective (s)
One way to overcome the recurrence of cancer cells following ovarian tissue transplantation is to use decellularized tissues as a scaffold that does not have any cellular components. These cell-free scaffolds can be seeded with different type of stem cells for ovarian restoration.

Materials and methods
OSCs, PMSCs and BMSCs (oogonial, peritoneal and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, respectively) were seeded into human decellularized ovarian tissue as 4 groups: Scaffold + OSCs (SO), Scaffold + OSC + PMSCs (SOP), Scaffold + OSC + BMSCs (SOB) and Scaffold + OSC + PMSCs + BMSCs (SOPB). The produced grafts were transplanted into the sub-peritoneal space of ovariectomized NMRI mice as artificial ovary (AO). The expression of Vegf, CD34, Gdf9, Zp3, Ddx4, Amh and Lhr genes in AOs were measured by qRT-PCR. Also, histotechniques were considered to detect the anti GFP, PCNA, VEGF, GDF9, ZP3 and AMH proteins.

Results
H & E staining showed follicle-like structures in all groups; the number of these structures, in the SOP and SOB groups, were the highest. In SO group, differentiation ability to oocyte and granulosa cells was observed. Endothelial, oocyte, germ, and granulosa cell-like cells were specially seen in SOP and angiogenesis capability was more in SOB group. However, angiogenesis ability and differentiation to theca cell-like cells were more often in SOPB group. While none of the groups showed a significant difference in AMH level, estradiol levels were significantly higher in SOPB group.

Conclusion
Integration of OSCs + PMSCs and those OSCs + BMSCs were more conducive to oogenesis.
Airway registries in primarily adult, emergent endotracheal intubation: a scoping review
Authors: Meulendyks Sarah , Korpal Daniel , Jin Helen Jingshu , Mal Sameer , Pace Jacob 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundEmergency Department (ED) airway registries are formalized methods to collect and document airway practices and outcomes. Airway registries have become increasingly common in EDs globally; yet there is no consensus of airway registry methodology or intended utility. This review builds on previous literature and aims to provide a thorough description of international ED airway registries and discuss how airway registry data is utilized.MethodsA search of Medline, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane Libraries, Web of Science, and Google Scholar was performed with no date limitations applied. English language full-text publications and grey literature from centres implementing an ongoing airway registry to monitor intubations performed in mainly adult patients in an ED setting were included. Non-English publications and publications describing airway registries to monitor intubation practices in predominantly paediatric patients or settings outside of the ED were excluded. Study screening for eligibility was performed by two team members individually, with any disagreements resolved by a third team member. Data was charted using a standardized data charting tool created for this review.ResultsOur review identified 124 eligible studies from 22 airway registries with a global distribution. We found that airway registry data is used for quality assurance, quality improvement, and clinical research regarding intubation practices and contextual factors. This review also demonstrates that there is a great deal of heterogeneity in definitions of first-pass success and adverse events in the peri-intubation period.ConclusionsAirway registries are used as a crucial tool to monitor and improve intubation performance and patient care. ED airway registries inform and document the efficacy of quality improvement initiatives to improve intubation performance in EDs globally. Standardized definitions of first-pass success and peri-intubation adverse events, such as hypotension and hypoxia, may allow for airway management performance to be compared on a more equivalent basis and allow for the development of more reliable international benchmarks for first-pass success and rates of adverse events in the future.
Changes in liver enzymes are associated with changes in insulin resistance, inflammatory biomarkers and leptin in prepubertal children with obesity
Authors: Valle-Martos Rosario , Jiménez-Reina Luis , Cañete Ramón , Martos Rosario , Valle Miguel , Cañete María Dolores 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with obesity. A subclinical inflammation state, endothelial dysfunction, and parameters related to metabolic syndrome (MetS), have been documented in children with obesity. We aimed to determine the changes that occur in liver enzymes levels in response to the standard treatment of childhood obesity, also assessing any associations with liver enzyme levels, leptin, and markers of insulin resistance (IR), inflammation, and parameters related to MetS in prepubertal children.

Methods
We carried out a longitudinal study in prepubertal children (aged 6–9 years) of both sexes with obesity; a total of 63 participants were recruited. Liver enzymes, C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), leptin, homeostasis model assessment for IR (HOMA-IR), and parameters related to MetS were measured.

Results
After standard treatment for 9 months, children who lowered their standardised body mass index (SDS-BMI) had significantly lower systolic blood pressure (p = 0.0242), diastolic blood pressure (p = 0.0002), HOMA-IR (p = 0.0061), and levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (p = 0.0048), CRP (p = 0.0001), sICAM-1 (p = 0.0460), and IL-6 (p = 0.0438). There was a significant association between the changes that occur with treatment, in the ALT levels, and changes in leptin (p = 0.0096), inflammation biomarkers [CRP (p = 0.0061), IL-6 (p = 0.0337), NLR (p = 0.0458), PLR (p = 0.0134)], and HOMA-IR (p = 0.0322).

Conclusion
Our results showed that a decrease in ALT levels after the standard treatment for 9 months was associated with favourable changes in IR markers (HOMA-IR) and inflammation (IL-6, CRP, NLR, and PLR).
Paracetamol and ibuprofen combination for the management of acute mild-to-moderate pain in children: expert consensus using the Nominal Group Technique (NGT)
Authors: Parri Niccolò , Silvagni Davide , Chiarugi Alberto , Cortis Elisabetta , D’Avino Antonio , Lanari Marcello , Marchisio Paola Giovanna , Vezzoli Cesare , Zampogna Stefania , Staiano Annamaria 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Acute pain is a common symptom in children of all ages, and is associated with a variety of conditions. Despite the availability of guidelines, pain often remains underestimated and undertreated. Paracetamol and ibuprofen are the most commonly used drugs for analgesia in Pediatrics. Multimodal pain management by using a combination of paracetamol and ibuprofen results in greater analgesia.

Methods
An investigation using the Nominal Group Technique was carried out between May and August 2022. Two open (non-anonymous) questionnaires were consecutively sent to a Board of ten clinicians to understand their opinions on the use of the oral paracetamol and ibuprofen association. Answers were examined in a final meeting where conclusions were drawn.

Results
The board achieved a final consensus on a better analgesic power of paracetamol and ibuprofen in fixed-dose combination as compared to monotherapy, without compromising safety. Strong consensus was reached on the opinion that the fixed-dose combination of paracetamol and ibuprofen may be a useful option in case of inefficacy of one or other drug as monotherapy, especially in case of headaches, odontalgia, earache, and musculoskeletal pain. The use of the fixed combination may be also considered suitable for postoperative pain management.

Conclusions
The use of the fixed-dose combination may represent advantage in terms of efficacy and safety, allowing a better control of the dose of both paracetamol and ibuprofen as monotherapy, thus minimizing the risk of incorrect dosage. However, the limited evidence available highlights the need for future well designed studies to better define the advantages of this formulation in the various therapeutic areas.
Pathological complete response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in triple negative breast cancer – single hospital experience
Authors: Sivina Elina , Blumberga Lubova , Purkalne Gunta , Irmejs Arvids 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Triple-negative breast cancer is a heterogeneous molecular subtype of BC. Pathological complete response (pCR) is an important surrogate marker for recurrence-free and overall survival.

Aim of study
The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical and pathological factors that are associated with complete pathological response status in triple-negative breast cancer patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Materials and methods
Eighty triple-negative breast cancer patients who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery at Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital between January 2018 and January 2020 were retrospectively analysed. Twenty-six patients (32.5%) were BRCA1/2 pathogenic variant carriers.

Results
A total of 32.5% (n = 26) of patients in all study groups and 57.7% (n = 15) of patients with BRCA1/2 pathogenic variants achieved pCR. Forty-seven patients received platinum-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and 19 patients (40.4%) achieved complete pathological response. Patients in the pCR group presented with significantly higher Ki-67 scores (p = 0.007), BRCA1/2 pathogenic variants (p = 0.001) and younger age (p = 0.02) than those in the non-pCR group. pCR did not significantly impact recurrence-free survival (RFS) or overall survival (OS). Multivariate analysis revealed that pretreatment N stage (clinical nodal status) was an independent prognostic factor for RFS and OS.

Conclusions
BRCA1 pathogenic variants, high Ki67 score and young age were predictors of pathological complete response, while clinical nodal status predicted survival outcomes in triple-negative breast cancer.
Metagenomic Sequencing in the ICU for Precision Diagnosis of Critical Infectious Illnesses
Authors: Neyton Lucile P. A. , Langelier Charles R. , Calfee Carolyn S. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis article is one of ten reviews selected from the Annual Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine 2023. Other selected articles can be found online at https://www.biomedcentral.com/collections/annualupdate2023. Further information about the Annual Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine is available from https://link.springer.com/bookseries/8901.
Host Response Biomarkers for Sepsis in the Emergency Room
Authors: Turgman Oren , Schinkel Michiel , Wiersinga Willem Joost 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis article is one of ten reviews selected from the Annual Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine 2023. Other selected articles can be found online at https://www.biomedcentral.com/collections/annualupdate2023. Further information about the Annual Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine is available from https://link.springer.com/bookseries/8901.
Quality improvement in the determination of death by neurologic criteria around the world
Authors: Lewis Ariane , Kirschen Matthew P. , Badenes Rafael 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis article is one of ten reviews selected from the Annual Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine 2023. Other selected articles can be found online at https://www.biomedcentral.com/collections/annualupdate2023. Further information about the Annual Update in Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine is available from https://link.springer.com/bookseries/8901.
Embracing complexity in sepsis
Authors: Schuurman Alex R. , Sloot Peter M. A. , Wiersinga W. Joost , van der Poll Tom 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSepsis involves the dynamic interplay between a pathogen, the host response, the failure of organ systems, medical interventions and a myriad of other factors. This together results in a complex, dynamic and dysregulated state that has remained ungovernable thus far. While it is generally accepted that sepsis is very complex indeed, the concepts, approaches and methods that are necessary to understand this complexity remain underappreciated. In this perspective we view sepsis through the lens of complexity theory. We describe the concepts that support viewing sepsis as a state of a highly complex, non-linear and spatio-dynamic system. We argue that methods from the field of complex systems are pivotal for a fuller understanding of sepsis, and we highlight the progress that has been made over the last decades in this respect. Still, despite these considerable advancements, methods like computational modelling and network-based analyses continue to fly under the general scientific radar. We discuss what barriers contribute to this disconnect, and what we can do to embrace complexity with regards to measurements, research approaches and clinical applications. Specifically, we advocate a focus on longitudinal, more continuous biological data collection in sepsis. Understanding the complexity of sepsis will require a huge multidisciplinary effort, in which computational approaches derived from complex systems science must be supported by, and integrated with, biological data. Such integration could finetune computational models, guide validation experiments, and identify key pathways that could be targeted to modulate the system to the benefit of the host. We offer an example for immunological predictive modelling, which may inform agile trials that could be adjusted throughout the trajectory of disease. Overall, we argue that we should expand our current mental frameworks of sepsis, and embrace nonlinear, system-based thinking in order to move the field forward.
Polymorphism in interferon alpha/beta receptor contributes to glucocorticoid response and outcome of ARDS and COVID-19
Authors: Jalkanen Juho , Khan Sofia , Elima Kati , Huttunen Teppo , Wang Ning , Hollmén Maija , Elo Laura L. , Jalkanen Sirpa 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
The use of glucocorticoids has given contradictory results for treating acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The use of intravenous Interferon beta (IFN β) for the treatment of ARDS was recently tested in a phase III ARDS trial (INTEREST), in which more than half of the patients simultaneously received glucocorticoids. Trial results showed deleterious effects of glucocorticoids when administered together with IFN β, and therefore, we aimed at finding the reason behind this.

Methods
We first sequenced the genes encoding the IFN α/β receptor of the patients, who participated in the INTEREST study (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02622724, November 24, 2015) in which the patients were randomized to receive an intravenous injection of IFN β-1a (144 patients) or placebo (152 patients). Genetic background was analyzed against clinical outcome, concomitant medication, and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels. Thereafter, we tested the influence of the genetic background on IFN α/β receptor expression in lung organ cultures and whether, it has any effect on transcription factors STAT1 and STAT2 involved in IFN signaling.

Results
We found a novel disease association of a SNP rs9984273, which is situated in the interferon α/β receptor subunit 2 (IFNAR2) gene in an area corresponding to a binding motif of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR). The minor allele of SNP rs9984273 associates with higher IFNAR expression, more rapid decrease of IFN γ and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels and better outcome in IFN β treated patients with ARDS, while the major allele associates with a poor outcome especially under concomitant IFN β and glucocorticoid treatment. Moreover, the minor allele of rs9984273 associates with a less severe form of coronavirus diseases (COVID-19) according to the COVID-19 Host Genetics Initiative database.

Conclusions
The distribution of this SNP within clinical study arms may explain the contradictory results of multiple ARDS studies and outcomes in COVID-19 concerning type I IFN signaling and glucocorticoids.

Graphical abstract
Impact of breast cancer care pathways and related symptoms on the return-to-work process: results from a population-based French cohort study (CONSTANCES)
Authors: Rolland Anne-Lise , Porro Bertrand , Kab Sofiane , Ribet Céline , Roquelaure Yves , Bertin Mélanie 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundBreast cancer (BC) treatments and related symptoms may affect return to work (RTW). The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of BC care pathways (timing and sequence of treatments) and related symptoms on RTW.MethodsThe study population included working-age women with BC who were enrolled in the French CONSTANCES cohort from 2012 to 2018. BC treatments, antidepressant/anxiolytic and antalgic drug deliveries (used as proxies of depression and pain, respectively) and statutory sick pay (used to estimate RTW and time to RTW) were assessed monthly using data from the French national healthcare system database. BC care pathways were identified with the sequence analysis method. Cox models with time-dependent covariates were used to investigate the impact of BC care pathways and related symptoms on RTW and time to RTW, after adjusting for age and socioeconomic characteristics.Results73.2% (231/303) of women returned to work within 2 years after BC diagnosis. Five BC care pathway patterns were identified: (i) BC surgery only, (ii) BC surgery and radiotherapy, (iii) BC surgery and chemotherapy, (iv) BC surgery and chemotherapy and radiotherapy, and (v) BC surgery and long-term alternative chemotherapy/radiotherapy. The hazards ratios of non-RTW were significantly higher for women who received BC surgery and long-term alternative chemotherapy/radiotherapy and for > 55-year-old women. Time to RTW was significantly longer in women who received chemotherapy (patterns iii to v) and in women with antidepressant/anxiolytic and antalgic drug deliveries.ConclusionThis study highlights the value of considering the dynamic, cumulative and temporal features of BC care pathways and related symptoms to facilitate the RTW of women with BC.
Genetic mapping and molecular mechanism behind color variation in the Asian vine snake
Authors: Tang Chen-Yang , Zhang Xiaohu , Xu Xiao , Sun Shijie , Peng Changjun , Song Meng-Huan , Yan Chaochao , Sun Huaqin , Liu Mingfeng , Xie Liang , Luo Shu-Jin , Li Jia-Tang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundReptiles exhibit a wide variety of skin colors, which serve essential roles in survival and reproduction. However, the molecular basis of these conspicuous colors remains unresolved.ResultsWe investigate color morph-enriched Asian vine snakes (Ahaetulla prasina), to explore the mechanism underpinning color variations. Transmission electron microscopy imaging and metabolomics analysis indicates that chromatophore morphology (mainly iridophores) is the main basis for differences in skin color. Additionally, we assemble a 1.77-Gb high-quality chromosome-anchored genome of the snake. Genome-wide association study and RNA sequencing reveal a conservative amino acid substitution (p.P20S) inSMARCE1, which may be involved in the regulation of chromatophore development initiated from neural crest cells.SMARCE1knockdown in zebrafish and immunofluorescence verify the interactions amongSMARCE1, iridophores, andtfec, which may determine color variations in the Asian vine snake.ConclusionsThis study reveals the genetic associations of color variation in Asian vine snakes, providing insights and important resources for a deeper understanding of the molecular and genetic mechanisms related to reptilian coloration.
Gene expression in organoids: an expanding horizon
Authors: Smirnov Artem , Melino Gerry , Candi Eleonora 
Published: March 2023

AbstractRecent development of human three-dimensional organoid cultures has opened new doors and opportunities ranging from modelling human development in vitro to personalised cancer therapies. These new in vitro systems are opening new horizons to the classic understanding of human development and disease. However, the complexity and heterogeneity of these models requires cutting-edge techniques to capture and trace global changes in gene expression to enable identification of key players and uncover the underlying molecular mechanisms. Rapid development of sequencing approaches made possible global transcriptome analyses and epigenetic profiling. Despite challenges in organoid culture and handling, these techniques are now being adapted to embrace organoids derived from a wide range of human tissues. Here, we review current state-of-the-art multi-omics technologies, such as single-cell transcriptomics and chromatin accessibility assays, employed to study organoids as a model for development and a platform for precision medicine.