bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Negativity bias in the spread of voter fraud conspiracy theory tweets during the 2020 US election
Authors: Youngblood Mason , Stubbersfield Joseph M. , Morin Olivier , Glassman Ryan , Acerbi Alberto 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDuring the 2020 US presidential election, conspiracy theories about large-scale voter fraud were widely circulated on social media platforms. Given their scale, persistence, and impact, it is critically important to understand the mechanisms that caused these theories to spread. The aim of this preregistered study was to investigate whether retweet frequencies among proponents of voter fraud conspiracy theories on Twitter during the 2020 US election are consistent with frequency bias and/or content bias. To do this, we conducted generative inference using an agent-based model of cultural transmission on Twitter and the VoterFraud2020 dataset. The results show that the observed retweet distribution is consistent with a strong content bias causing users to preferentially retweet tweets with negative emotional valence. Frequency information appears to be largely irrelevant to future retweet count. Follower count strongly predicts retweet count in a simpler linear model but does not appear to drive the overall retweet distribution after temporal dynamics are accounted for. Future studies could apply our methodology in a comparative framework to assess whether content bias for emotional valence in conspiracy theory messages differs from other forms of information on social media.
Evaluating aerial net gunning and chemical immobilisation for capture of invasive sambar deer (Rusa unicolor) and red deer (Cervus elaphus) in alpine Australia
Authors: McCarthy Eliane D. , Hampton Jordan O. , Hunt Rob , Williams Stuart , Eccles Grant , Newsome Thomas M. 
Published: September 2023

Context Deer species are expanding in distribution and abundance in Australia. There is increasing focus on the ecology of these species, but effective deer capture methods are needed for telemetry studies. Aims The aims of this study were to develop, assess and refine a helicopter-based capture technique for wild sambar deer (Rusa unicolor) and red deer (Cervus elaphus), based on trials in south-eastern Australia. Methods We captured and collared 14 sambar deer and five red deer in two operations in Kosciuszko National Park in 2021, using a combination of aerial net gunning and chemical immobilisation delivered via hand injection. Captured animals were fitted with GPS collars to track their movements and activity post-capture. Physiological measurements were recorded as a means of assessing responses to capture and to optimise animal welfare outcomes. Key results Twenty-two deer were pursued and captured, with a total mortality rate of 14% (n = 3). The frequency of mortalities decreased from the first operation (17%) to the second operation (10%), largely attributed to allowable helicopter pursuit times being reduced. Post-release movement data indicated that delayed mortality due to capture did not occur. Activity of collared deer was lowest immediately following collaring, suggesting the procedure caused short-term decreases in deer activity. Conclusions Aerial capture of wild sambar deer and red deer poses animal welfare risks, but these can be minimised through the refinement in net gunning and pharmacological procedures to minimise animal stress. Implications This study describes an effective method for the safe capture of sambar deer and red deer, which will assist future wildlife researchers to further refine helicopter-based capture protocols and to collect spatial ecology and survival information about these species.
Probabilistic phonology
Authors: Alderete John , Finley Sara 
Published: September 2023

AbstractProbability and frequency are becoming increasingly important in phonological analysis. This article reviews contemporary perspectives on how phonological theory addresses gradient phonological patterns shaped by probability and frequency, drawing on theories of the lexicon, grammar, and statistics. After examining their motivations, we show how these diverse theoretical perspectives have been applied to a variety of problems in core phonology, including phonotactics, morphophonology, sound change, phonological categorization, and language development. Our review of theory and applications supports a growing consensus in the field that phonological theories must reckon with probability. Our review also identifies problems stemming from a lack of cohesion in the field, and suggests potential solutions to these problems.
Rethinking postverbal ‘acquire’ and related constructions in Cantonese
Authors: Chit-yu Lam Cherry 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis paper revisits a well-established areal phenomenon in Mainland Southeast Asia and Northern Europe involving an element, ACQ(UIRE), that functions as a lexical verb meaning ‘to get or acquire’ and appears, as a functional item, in numerous seemingly unrelated constructions such as modal constructions, resultatives, descriptive complementation, and focus constructions. This paper presents a generative framework for the postverbal ACQ-structures in Hong Kong Cantonese involving the markerdak1. The proposed framework takes into account four readings of postverbal ACQ-sentences, namely potential, permission, descriptive, and focus, and argues that all postverbal ACQ-structures in Cantonese share the same basic configuration in which the ACQ heads avP-internal ModP which expresses possibility modality and selects a small clause XP. The postverbal ACQ takes an AspP as complement which indicates the (non-)realization of the projected endpoint. The interpretational difference and other structural variations are boiled down to the three parameters realized in featural terms as: [±Realised] on Asp0, [±Possibility] and [±Deontic] on Mod0. The analysis also provides an explanation for several long-standing issues, including the verb-copying phenomenon, the co-occurrence ofdak1with the modal auxiliaryho2ji5, the distribution of the A-not-A form and negation, and the across-the-board aspectual incompatibility in postverbal ACQ-structures. The parametric framework demonstrates how apparently unrelated ACQ-constructions are closely connected with each other and provide a testable model to account for cross-linguistic variation found in other ACQ languages.
Conformally covariant operators of mixed-symmetry tensors and MAGs
Authors: Paci Gregorio , Sauro Dario , Zanusso Omar 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We compute conformally covariant actions and operators for tensors with mixed symmetries in arbitrary dimension d. Our results complete the classification of conformal actions that are quadratic on arbitrary tensors with three indices, which allows to write corresponding conformal actions for all tensor species that appear in the decomposition of the distorsion tensor of an arbitrary metric-affine theory of gravity including both torsion and nonmetricity. We also discuss the degrees of freedom that such theories are propagating, as well as interacting metric-affine theories that enjoy the conformal actions in the Gaussian limit.
Numerical resolution of the inverse source problem for EEG using the quasi-reversibility method
Authors: Darbas M , Leblond J , Marmorat J-P , Tournier P-H 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The paper concerns the numerical resolution of the inverse source problem for electroencephalography. We propose an approach which is able to take into account some heterogeneity properties (namely a varying electrical conductivity) of the head tissues, in particular of the skull layer. It combines two consecutive steps: (i) a data completion procedure from the scalp to the cortex using the quasi-reversibility method, (ii) a source estimation method from these cortical transmitted data within the brain (modeled as sphere), developed in the software tool FindSources3D. Numerical simulations in the case of the multi-layered spherical head model illustrate both the promising and limiting features of the approach.
Crystallization kinetics, microstructure evolution, and mechanical responses of Cr-Co alloys
Authors: Wu Yu-Han , Huang Rao , Wen Yu-Hua 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Understanding the crystallization kinetics of Cr-Co alloys and providing a quantitative characterization of the microstructure evolution during quenching are of practical significance to their industrial applications. Using molecular dynamics simulations, we investigate the solidification of Cr30Co70 and Cr70Co30 subjected to different cooling rates. Besides, the outcomes are examined for their mechanical responses under uniaxial tensile loading. It is disclosed that slower cooling (⩽1 K ps−1) is beneficial to crystallization, while faster quenching generally leads to disordered structures. In the solidified outcomes, regardless of composition ratios and cooling rates, Co-Co bonding is the most favorable compared with that of Co-Cr and Cr-Cr. As for structural order, the Co-rich alloys exhibit a hexagonal close-packed (hcp) dominant crystalline order, while face-centered cubic (fcc) becomes more advantageous in the remaining cases. Among all the samples, the Cr30Co70 obtained with 0.5 K ps−1 is an exception since it abnormally adopts fcc as a major crystalline order and realizes lower energy than expected. Additionally, under uniaxial tensile loading, a phase transition from fcc or hcp to body-centered cubic (bcc) is identified in the Cr30Co70 samples, while it is absent in the Cr70Co30 ones. These findings can aid in the design, manufacturing, and utilization of Cr-Co alloys in the field of material industry.
Sunlight active cellulose/g-C3N4/TiO2 nano-photocatalyst for simultaneous degradation of methylene blue dye and atenolol drug in real wastewater
Authors: Garg Anushka , Chauhan Anjali , Agnihotri Charu , Singh Bhim Pratap , Mondem Vasundhara , Basu Soumen , Agnihotri Shekhar 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The paper critically addresses two contemporary environmental challenges, the water crisis and the unrestricted discharge of organic pollutants in waterways together. An eco-friendly method was used to fabricate a cellulose/g-C3N4/TiO2 photocatalytic composite that displayed a remarkable degradation of methylene blue dye and atenolol drug under natural sunlight. Introducing graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) onto pristine TiO2 improved hybrid material’s photonic efficacy and enhanced interfacial charge separation. Furthermore, immobilizing TiO2/g-C3N4 on a semi-interpenetrating cellulose matrix promoted photocatalyst recovery and its reuse, ensuring practical affordability. Under optimized conditions, the nano-photocatalyst exhibited ∼95% degradation of both contaminants within two hours while retaining ∼55% activity after ten cycles demonstrating a promising photostability. The nano-photocatalyst caused 66% and 57% reduction in COD and TOC values in industrial wastewater containing these pollutants. The photocatalysis was fitted to various models to elucidate the degradation kinetics, while LC-MS results suggested the mineralization pathway of dye majorly via ring opening demethylation. >98% disinfection was achieved against E. coli (104–105 CFU·ml−1) contaminated water. This study thus paves multifaceted strategies to treat wastewater contaminants at environmental levels employing nano-photocatalysis.
Particle-in-cell simulation of a cylindrical plasma mass separator based on Penning discharge with thermionic cathodes
Authors: Smirnov V S , Kislenko S A , Gavrikov A V , Klimkov A A , Liziakin G D , Smirnov V P 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This work is devoted to the modeling of a Penning discharge with a hot cathode, which is used to create a background plasma with a radial electric field in a plasma mass separator. We used a 2D3V electrostatic particle-in-cell plus Monte Carlo Collision (PIC/MCC) simulation model with a gyrokinetic approximation for magnetized electrons and a geometrical scaling scheme. The proposed model predicts the development of a rotating spoke structure, leading to fluctuations in the electric potential. The fluctuation amplitude and the averaged radial profile of the potential are in qualitative agreement with experiment. On the example of a model flow of silver and lead ions, we have shown that potential fluctuations can impair separation, leading to a partial overlap of ion deposition spots on a substrate. Each of the separated fractions contain about 11% impurities.
Real quantum operations and state transformations
Authors: Varun Kondra Tulja , Datta Chandan , Streltsov Alexander 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Resource theory of imaginarity provides a useful framework to understand the role of complex numbers, which are essential in the formulation of quantum mechanics, in a mathematically rigorous way. In the first part of this article, we study the properties of ‘real’ (quantum) operations both in single-party and bipartite settings. As a consequence, we provide necessary and sufficient conditions for state transformations under real operations and show the existence of ‘real entanglement’ monotones. In the second part of this article, we focus on the problem of single copy state transformation via real quantum operations. When starting from pure initial states, we completely solve this problem by finding an analytical expression for the optimal fidelity of transformation, for a given probability of transformation and vice versa. Moreover, for state transformations involving arbitrary initial states and pure final states, we provide a semidefinite program to compute the optimal achievable fidelity, for a given probability of transformation.
Neutronic analysis of alternative ceramic fuels in the next generation of VVER-1000/V446 reactor
Authors: Rahimi Ahmad , Heidari Ebrahim , Kheradmand Saadi Mohsen , Abbasi Kavoos 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
One of the most important issues in nuclear fuel management is burnup increase, which impacts significantly on the reactor cycle length. Burnup enlargement specifically leads to reducing the cost of electricity generation and increasing efficiency. In the present study, the neutronic analysis of some alternative ceramic fuels includingUN, 15UN, and UChas been performed forthe VVER-1000/V446 reactor, comparing with the conventional UO2. Being single-ligand, the alternative fuels’ density of heavy metals such as uranium is greater than UO2’s one. Therefore, the absorption and fissionamounts in thesefuels will be higher than theones in UO2 fuel. By modellingVVER-1000/V446 reactor with MCNPX2.6 Monte Carlo code, we showed that the excess reactivity value for UC fuel (169.173 ∆K/K) increased compared to UO2 fuel (165.526). Due to the ultra-high burnup, the reactor cycle length is 398 days for 15UN fuel, while it is 270, 308, and 130 days for UO2, UC, and UN fuels, respectively, and has increased by 47%. Therefore, the use of alternative fuels has advantages like plant construction cost reduction,excess reactivity, discharge burn up, making them suitable substitution of conventional UO2 for the next generation of LWRs.
Sweeping Horndeski canvas: new growth-rate parameterization for modified-gravity theories
Authors: Wen Yuewei , Nguyen Nhat-Minh , Huterer Dragan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We propose and numerically validate a new fitting formula that is sufficiently accurate to
model the growth of structure in Horndeski theories of modified gravity for upcoming Stage IV and
V large-scale structure surveys. Based on an analysis of more than 18,000 Horndeski models and
adopting the popular parameterization of the growth rate f(z) = Ω
M
(z)
γ
, we
generalize the constant growth index γ to a two-parameter redshift-dependent quantity,
γ(z), that more accurately fits these models. We demonstrate that the functional form
γ(z) = γ
0 + γ
0
z
2/(1 + z) improves the median χ
2 of the fit to viable
Horndeski models by a factor of ∼ 40 relative to that of a constant γ, and is
sufficient to obtain unbiased results even for precise measurements expected in Stage IV and V
surveys. Finally, we constrain the parameters of the new fitting formula using current
cosmological data.
Multi-field inflation with large scalar fluctuations: non-Gaussianity and perturbativity
Authors: Iacconi Laura , Mulryne David J. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractRecently multi-field inflation models that can produce large scalar fluctuations on small scales have drawn a lot of attention, primarily because they could lead to primordial black hole production and generation of large second-order gravitational waves. In this work, we focus on models where the scalar fields responsible for inflation live on a hyperbolic field space. In this case, geometrical destabilisation and non-geodesic motion are responsible for the peak in the scalar power spectrum. We present new results for scalar non-Gaussianity and discuss its dependence on the model's parameters. On scales around the peak, we typically find that the non-Gaussianity is large and close to local in form. We validate our results by employing two different numerical techniques, utilising the transport approach, based on full cosmological perturbation theory, and theδNformalism, based on the separate universe approximation. We discuss implications of our results for the perturbativity of the underlying theory, focusing in particular on versions of these models with potentially relevant phenomenology at interferometer scales.
Effect of thermal treatment and strain rate on superelastic and mechanical properties of NiTi sheet
Authors: Kopelent M , Losertová M , Konečná K , Skoupý O , Čepica D , Halo T , Frydrýšek K , Vlček T 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In this work, the influence of the heat treatment and the strain rate on the superelastic properties of the NiTi alloy was studied in the tensile testing. Thin NiTi sheets with a thickness of 2.0 mm and a content of 56.31 Ni and 43.69 Ti (in wt. %) were tested in different heat-treated conditions. The flat specimens were tensile tested at two different strain rates at the state as-received, after aging at 450 °C and after solution treatment at 850 °C followed by aging at 450 °C. The microstructure and phase analyses of the NiTi specimens in three heat-treated conditions were examined using optical and scanning electronic microscopies and were related to the superelastic behavior.
Consideration of supports stiffness at torsional and longitudinal vibrations of the rod
Authors: Kudryavtsev I V , Malykhina L K , Ivanov V A , Rabetskaya O I , Shvets D A 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The study of the impact of the stiffness of the supports on the value of the first natural frequency of torsional and longitudinal free vibrations of the spring-hinged rod was carried out. In both cases of vibrations the mathematical formulation of the problem of determining the first natural frequency of vibrations reduces to compiling and solving the corresponding differential equation under given boundary conditions. The solution of this complex mathematical problem is performed by the numerical method in a specially created program for many combinations of supports stiffness. To obtain an analytical solution, a quadratic approximation of the obtained values was performed, which made it possible to obtain simple dependencies convenient for engineering applied calculations. The quadratic approximation also allowed solving the inverse problem of determining the required stiffness of supports for the required value of the first natural frequency of vibrations. The obtained solutions were compared with known solutions, which showed that the approximation error is less than 5% if the stiffness of the rod supports of the same order. The obtained results can be used in engineering applied calculations of natural frequencies of torsional and longitudinal vibrations of rods with elastic supports.
Resonant-dissipative model of ultrafast spin dynamics
Authors: Zhumaev M R , Sharipov M Z , Rizokulov M N 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The paper proposes a resonant-dissipative model of ultrafast spin dynamics, which takes into account the effects of both an external magnetic field and spin-orbit coupling. It is shown that under the combined action of these factors it is possible to control the polarizability of ferromagnets, which determines the permittivity and refractive index of the systems under study.
Automated software and hardware complex based on an eddy current sensor for studying the properties of thin films
Authors: Katasonov Alexander , Ishkov Aleksey , Voinash Sergey , Zagidullin Ramil , Yumagulova Venera , Sokolova Victoriia 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The variety of existing thin-film structures used in modern science and technology is described. The design of a miniature eddy current transducer was developed and improved. Methods for determining the properties of films were presented. The main design parameters of the developed transducer are described and a scheme of operation complex is presented. The results of scanning electrically homogeneous and inhomogeneous films are presented. It was possible to establish the degree of uniformity of the conductivity of the film by constructing histograms that display the number of points with different electrical conductivity.
Simulation of photothermal building and thermal comfort analysis of PMV
Authors: Xu Ruoting 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Nowadays, with the development of technology and the improvement of human economic level, the energy consumption of buildings is gradually increasing. China is very rich in solar energy resources and the development of solar buildings can save a lot of energy by taking advantage of solar energy resources. The Trombe Wall to be studied in this paper are passive solar buildings. Trombe Wall can achieve good indoor natural ventilation and can meet the requirements of human thermal comfort. However, solar energy is unstable and intermittent, which can easily lead to excessive fluctuations in indoor temperature, so the use of suitable phase change or energy storage materials is also a very important measure. In this paper the mathematical model corresponding to Trombe Wall is specifically investigated and simulations are carried out using COMSOL Multiphysics software to verify the thermal characteristics of Trombe Wall at different temperatures in a given room and the natural ventilation effect they achieve. The simulations are followed by a PMV thermal comfort analysis of the room. The analysis is carried out for four scenarios: “Summer - day”, “Summer - night”, “Winter - day” and “Winter - night”, thus enabling the analysis of Trombe Wall at different temperatures.
IoT-based simulation of flocking algorithm
Authors: Wang Xiaojian 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The study of animal groups’ flocking behavior is of great significance to the study of multi-agent system. Flocking algorithm is a typical algorithm for group control based on animal group behavior. The research on flocking algorithm is mature, but there is little research on the implementation of Flocking algorithm using digital twin. Digital twins, as a key technology in the direction of IoT, is potentially valuable for improving the efficiency of cloud and devices. Therefore, the main research goal of this paper is to simulate the flocking phenomenon in nature by using digital twins and flocking algorithm to realize the cooperative control of multi-agent systems under the scenarios of obstacle-free and obstacle. In this paper, the author uses digital twins and flocking algorithm to achieve simulations of animal flocking Behaviors. The final simulation results show that the Multi-agent system can converge agents and reach consensus, and finally cross the obstacles to reach the target node, which verifies the rationality and effectiveness of the algorithm. Through the way of digital twins, the burden of the intelligence body’s computation on obstacle identification can be reduced, and the synchronization efficiency of the cloud and the device can be effectively elevated, thus in a practical sense, favoring the deployment implementation.