bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design, Synthesis, Molecular Modelling and in Vitro Evaluation of Indolyl Ketohydrazide‐Hydrazone Analogs as Potential Pancreatic Lipase Inhibitors
Authors: Jagetiya Sakshi , Auti Prashant S. , Paul Atish T. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractInhibition of Pancreatic lipase (PL) is considered to be a promising target for the management of obesity, owing to its crucial role in the digestion of dietary triglycerides. A series of 31 indolyl ketohydrazide‐hydrazone analogs (5 aa–cm) were designed, synthesized and evaluated for their PL inhibitory potential. The analogs were designed using molecular modelling studies. The designed analogs were then synthesized by condensation of indolyl oxoacetohydrazide with various substituted benzaldehydes. All the synthesized analogs showed PL inhibitory activity in the range of 4.13–48.35 μM, as compared with orlistat (0.86±0.09 μM). The most potent analog 5 bi (IC50=4.13±0.95 μM) was found to show a competitive type of inhibition with Ki value of 0.725 μM. Additionally, the molecular docking study proved the binding of analog 5 bi at the active site of PL (PDB ID: 1LPB) with MolDock score of −141.279 kcal/mol. It also exhibited various interactions with the key amino acids namely Phe77, Phe215, Tyr114, Ser152, Arg256, His263, etc. Furthermore, the protein‐ligand complex of analog 5 bi was found to be stable in molecular dynamics simulation for 100 ns with RMSD of less than 3.2 and 4 Å for the protein and ligand, respectively. The current work hereby provides a basis for the potential role of indolyl ketohydrazide‐hydrazone analogs in PL inhibition and further optimization could result in the generation of new leads as anti‐obesity agents.
Newborn with amniotic band sequence
Authors: Ruiz Jesus 
Published: August 2023

Key Clinical MessageAmniotic band sequence (ABS) should be on the differential for newborns with limb defects. ABS is diagnosable prenatally with prenatal ultrasound; however, there are cases where the diagnosis of ABS is made only after delivery of the newborn.AbstractAmniotic band sequence (ABS) is an uncommon congenital disorder where strands of amniotic tissue cause entrapment of the limbs, body wall, and viscera leading to an array of congenital malformations. We report a case of a newborn with prenatally undiagnosed amniotic band sequence.
Compensatory gait mechanics in person with multiple toe amputation: A single case report
Authors: Iijima Hirotaka , Eguchi Ryo , Aya Yamamoto‐Kon , Terabe Yuta , Takahashi Masaki 
Published: August 2023

Key Clinical MessageThis case highlights the biomechanical influence of toe amputation on contralateral limb force elevation, possibly through reduced ipsilateral plantar flexor torque production. These findings provide insight into toe amputation‐related compensatory gait mechanics with greater inter‐limb asymmetry, which may increase the risk of musculoskeletal comorbidities, including osteoarthritis in contralateral limb.
Invasive breast carcinoma of no special type with medullary pattern: A case report at a tertiary facility in Tanzania
Authors: Mremi Alex , Gnanamuttupulle Marianne , Ntundu Shilanaiman Hilary , Henke Oliver , Chilonga Kondo , Msuya David 
Published: August 2023

Key Clinical Message

Describes a rare form of invasive breast cancer of no special type.

Not a distinct morphological subtype.

Characterized by dense lymphoid infiltrate, syncytial growth, pushing borders, and cells with high‐grade nuclei.

Clinically aggressive but carries a better prognosis than other more frequent invasive breast carcinomas.

AbstractInvasive breast carcinoma of no special type with medullary pattern (BCNST‐MP) is a rare form of breast tumor, accounting for less than 5% of all invasive breast carcinomas. Its diagnosis is based on histologic criteria. Historically, this tumor was known as medullary carcinoma. Poor morphological reproducibility led to re‐classification. Despite having an aggressive biological behavior, these tumors usually carry a better prognosis compared with other more frequent forms of invasive breast carcinomas. Herein, we present a case of BCNST‐MP in a 58‐year‐old African female, successfully treated in our institution through chemo‐radiation, hormonal therapy and surgery.
Radiation‐Induced Admicellar Graft Polymerization of 2‐Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate onto Polyvinylidene Fluoride Membranes Using an Electron Beam Accelerator
Authors: Azzian Muhammad Irfan Mustaqim , Mohamad Siti Fatahiyah , Abd Rahim Nik Muhamad Faris Hakimi , Abdul Manaf Mohamad Amirul Aizat , Ramesh Devi Durgaashini A/P , Asogan Thirunaukkarasu A/L , Ismail Nor Hafiza , Wan Salleh Wan Norharyati 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe efficiency of admicellar graft polymerization in functionalizing polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes was explored. The effect of 2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) concentration and the absorbed dose was investigated using a simultaneous method of radiation‐induced graft polymerization. The degree of grafting increased with raising the absorbed dose and HEMA concentration. The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) peak for C–O stretch and the asymmetric and symmetric stretching of the C–O–C bridge, respectively, proved the presence of poly(2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) on the modified PVDF. As the grafting yield increased, rougher surfaces were observed. According to contact angle analysis, the grafted membrane with a higher grafting yield outperformed the low grafting yield membrane in terms of water flux and hydrophilicity.
Nickel‐Catalyzed Regioselective Hydrosilylation of Conjugated Dienes†
Authors: Wu Xiaoyu , Liu Wei , Yang Liqun , Wang Yue , Liu Tianwen , Yuan Yao , Lu Yan , Zhang Zhaoguo 
Published: August 2023

Comprehensive SummaryWith the increasing demand for homoallylic silanes and allylic silanes, the highly efficient and regioselective hydrosilylations of conjugated dienes are urgently needed. Herein, we developed a Ni‐catalyzed regiodivergent hydrosilylation of aromatic conjugated dienes by adjusting the temperature and ligands. Under low temperature (–30 °C), an eternal‐ligand‐free system (Ni/t‐BuOK) can efficiently facilitate the 3,4‐anti‐Markovnikov hydrosilylation to provide homoallylic silanes via electrophilic activation process; under room temperature (25 °C), a ligand‐controlled system (Ni/t‐BuOK/PPh3) can eventuate the 3,4‐Markovnikov hydrosilylation to produce allylic silanes via Chalk‐Harrod process. Both systems are compatible with various conjugated dienes and primary silanes in excellent yields and regioselectivities.
A novel approach for large‐scale environmental data partitioning on cloud and on‐premises storage for compute continuum applications
Authors: Mellone Gennaro , De Vita Ciro Giuseppe , Sánchez‐Gallegos Dante D. , Sánchez‐Gallegos Genaro , Torres‐Charles Catherine A. , Garcia‐Blas Javier , Carretero Pérez Jesús , Gonzalez‐Compean J. L. , Laccetti Giuliano 
Published: August 2023

SummaryCloud‐based services have proved useful in several research fields, such as engineering, health science, and astrophysics, to mention a few examples. The computational environmental science community developed a strong need for cloud facilities to store, process, and manage data from observations and numerical models for simulations and forecasts. Weather forecast models and global sensor networks deal with multidimensional geo‐referenced data∖sets. However, environmental data consumer applications usually require a relatively small amount of multidimensional input data slice to analyze a specific area or time interval. Hence, reducing data dimension for information retrieval is mandatory. This paper presents a twofold solution: a technique to load and retrieve the sliced multidimensional data set on different cloud services such as Amazon Web Service (AWS), Google Cloud Platform, and Microsoft Azure. The experimental results performed on these cloud services highlight that the proposed method can significantly speed up the process of loading and retrieving the data slices compared to working with the entire data set in bulk or OPeNDAP server.
Intermolecular n→π* Interactions in Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis
Authors: Wang Xu‐Dong , Zhu Jun , Wang De‐Xian 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe n→π* interactions describing attractive force between lone pairs (lps) of nucleophile and carbonyl or polarized unsaturated bonds have recently attracted growing attentions in various disciplines. So far, such non‐covalent driving force are mainly concentrated to intramolecular systems. Intermolecular n→π* interactions in principle could produce fascinated supramolecular systems or facilitate organic reactions, however, they remain largely underexplored due to the very weak energy of individual interaction. This review attempts to give an overview of the challenging intermolecular n→π* interactions, much efforts emphasize the supramolecular systems, catalytic processes and spectroscopic measurements.
A Protocol for Culture and Characterization of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells After Induction
Authors: Cheng Yu‐Shan , Xu Miao , Chen Guibin , Beers Jeanette , Chen Catherine Z. , Liu Chengyu , Zou Jizhong , Zheng Wei 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHuman induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) are characterized by unlimited self‐renewal and the capability to differentiate into all three germ layers, with the potential to further differentiate into all types of cells and tissues. Human iPSCs retain all genetic information from their original donors and can be developed into disease models to study disease pathophysiology, identify disease phenotypes and biomarkers, and evaluate therapeutic efficacy and toxicity for drug development. Human iPSCs can also be used to develop cell therapies and regenerative medicine. In the last decade, the technologies for hiPSC generation and differentiation have advanced rapidly. Human iPSC culture and propagation are tedious and require careful handling. High‐quality hiPSCs are necessary for downstream applications. The methods, techniques, and skills for hiPSC maintenance and characterization are very different from those for immortalized cell lines. It can be a challenge for new laboratory staff, and sometimes even for experienced staff, to properly culture and maintain the high quality of these cells. Here, we describe a comprehensive set of protocols for hiPSC propagation under chemically defined and feeder‐free culture conditions. These step‐by‐step protocols describe in detail all the reagents and experimental procedures needed to culture hiPSCs. The protocols also describe experimental methods for hiPSC characterization, including immunofluorescence staining and flow cytometric analysis with a panel of pluripotency markers, a teratoma formation assay for validation of in vivo pluripotency, and detection of Sendai virus to ensure elimination of the viral vectors. These protocols have been successfully used in our laboratory for hiPSC expansion and propagation, and this article provide a useful reference guide for laboratory staff to work on hiPSC culture. Published 2023. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Propagation and cryopreservation of hiPSC culturesBasic Protocol 2: Recovery of cryopreserved hiPSCsBasic Protocol 3: Validation of pluripotency markers via immunocytochemical analysisAlternate Protocol: Determination of the expression of pluripotency markers via flow cytometry analysisBasic Protocol 4: Assessment of pluripotency via in vivo teratoma formation assayBasic Protocol 5: Confirmation of Sendai viral vector clearance via RT‐PCR
Immunoaffinity Chromatography for Protein Purification and Analysis
Authors: Sharmeen Sadia , Suh Kyungah , Kyei Isaac , Jones Jacob , Olupathage Harshana , Campbell Avery , Hage David S. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractImmunoaffinity chromatography (IAC) is a type of liquid chromatography that uses immobilized antibodies or related binding agents as selective stationary phases for sample separation or analysis. The strong binding and high selectivity of antibodies have made IAC a popular tool for the purification and analysis of many chemicals and biochemicals, including proteins. The basic principles of IAC are described as related to the use of this method for protein purification and analysis. The main factors to consider in this technique are also presented under a discussion of the general strategy to follow during the development of a new IAC method. Protocols, as illustrated using human serum albumin (HSA) as a model protein, are provided for the use of IAC in several formats. This includes both the use of IAC with traditional low‐performance supports such as agarose for off‐line immunoextraction and supports used in high‐performance IAC for on‐line immunoextraction. The use of IAC for protein analysis as a flow‐based or chromatographic immunoassay is also discussed and described using HSA and a competitive binding assay format as an example. © 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Off‐line immunoextraction by traditional immunoaffinity chromatographyBasic Protocol 2: On‐line immunoextraction by high‐performance immunoaffinity chromatographyBasic Protocol 3: Competitive binding chromatographic immunoassay
The impact of different polishing systems on yttria‐stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystalline crowns in relation to heat generation
Authors: Liu Xiaoyun , Aarts John M. , Ma Sunyoung , Choi Joanne Jung Eun 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo investigate the heat generation on yttria‐stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystalline (Y‐TZP) crowns during polishing with coarse and fine polishing systems at various speeds.Materials and MethodsTwo polishers (coarse and fine) at three polishing speeds were investigated. Two simulation models of the first mandibular molars were prepared for full coverage Y‐TZP restorations with different reduction dimensions. Preheated water was pumped into the abutment chamber, to simulate the intrapulpal temperature and blood flow. Twelve Y‐TZP crowns (3M™ Lava™ Esthetic) were milled for each prepared tooth abutment and each cusp (n = 10) was individually ground for 30 s and polished for 2 min. Thermocouple wire was secured to the intaglio surface of the crown and linked to a data logger for recording temperature changes. Selected scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the treated surfaces and polishers were analyzed. The data was statistically analyzed using Prism 9.ResultsThe highest temperature rise was observed in the 20,000 RPM polishing speed groups for both coarse and fine polishing, and higher than the threshold value of 5.5°C for pulp damage. The Kruskal–Wallis test, revealed statistically significant differences (p < .0001) in heat generation between low (10,000 RPM) and high (20,000 RPM) polishing speeds.ConclusionsHigh‐speed polishing at 20,000 RPM generated the most heat over the threshold of 5.5°C, which would threaten the dental pulp. The results suggest that a cautionary approach should be taken to high‐speed intraoral polishing.Clinical RelevanceDental clinicians should be aware of the choice of polishing systems and speeds to avoid pulp damage from intraoral polishing of Y‐TZP restorations.
Single and multi‐trait genome‐wide association studies identify genomic regions associated with phenological traits in cowpea
Authors: Andrade Mario Henrique Murad Leite , Ferreira Rebecca Caroline Ulbricht , Filho Claudio Carlos Fernandes , Sipowicz Pablo , Rios Esteban Fernando 
Published: August 2023

AbstractUnderstanding the genetic control of traits linked to phenology is essential to address strategies and efforts in the development of resilient cultivars capable of adapting to climate change. In this study, we performed genome‐wide association studies on a cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp] mini‐core collection to dissect the genetic architecture and identify genomic regions associated with days to flowering, days from flowering to pod maturity, and days to pod maturity. Phenotypic data were collected in 2 years and used to test associations with 41,533 single‐nucleotide polymorphism markers by single and multi‐trait analysis. In addition, we searched for candidate genes putatively involved in phenological traits within genome‐associated regions. The single‐trait approach identified 28 significant marker‐trait associations for the three traits, while the multi‐trait identified 18 significant associations, both evidencing pleiotropic associations. Five of these markers were associated with phenological traits reported in previous studies. Candidate genes were identified, including genes involved in phosphorylation and encoding the maternal effect embryo arrest 60, known to be associated with pod maturity and flowering, respectively. Functional validation of these genes will further improve our understanding of the variation of phenological traits in cowpea and other related crops.
Application of The Paris System in neobladder washing cytology: Comparison between the original diagnosis and correlation with histopathology
Authors: Kim Ji Min , Lee Junghye , Sung Sun Hee 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundIn urinary diversion after radical cystectomy, the incidence of recurrent urothelial carcinoma (UC) in upper urinary tract or urethra are reported in 2%–17% of the patients. Urine cytology plays a pivotal role in detecting the recurrence of UC. However, cytologic diagnosis in urinary diversion including neobladder is often challenging due to significant degenerative changes and necro‐inflammatory background. Since the proposal of The Paris System (TPS) for reporting cytology, the utility of TPS in urinary diversion specimen has not been studied yet. The objective of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic usefulness of TPS compared with the original diagnosis and correlate with the matched histopathological results.MethodsUrinary diversion cytology specimens with concurrent or subsequent biopsy or resection at EUMC in recent 16 years (from January 2002 to December 2018) are retrospectively reviewed and reclassified according to TPS criteria. The TPS categories and the original diagnoses were compared and correlated with follow‐up histology.ResultsConcurrent or subsequent biopsy or resection within a 6‐month period was available in 45 cases from 28 patients. When applying TPS, the rate of atypical and suspicious categories decreased by 13.4% and 11.1%. Using TPS increased the value of sensitivity, NPV, and accuracy to 93.75%, 93.75%, and 90.91%, respectively.ConclusionApplication of TPS reduced the rate of indeterminate diagnoses and moreover, improved the sensitivity and accuracy of urinary diversion cytology. Therefore, we believe that diversion urine cytology diagnosis according to TPS is useful to screen patients for detection of recurrence in routine clinical practice.
Primary psychiatric disorders
Authors: Datta Debatri , Das Anupam , Jafferany Mohammad , Hafi Bishurul , Carniciu Simona , Stamu‐O'Brien Caroline 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis article explores disorders of trichotillomania, delusions of parasitosis, dysmorphophobia or body dysmorphic disorder, bulimia nervosa and anorexia nervosa, obsessive compulsive disorder, dermatitis artefacta, and specific phobia.MethodResearch data of case series and observational studies review their clinical manifestation as primary psychiatric disorders as well as treatment modalities in these disorders.ResultsWe also indicate that these diseases may be harbingers of medical diseases or coexist with various medical conditions.ConclusionsIt also emphasizes the importance of a multidisciplinary approach for both proper treatment and outcome.
Long‐term soybean–maize rotation experiments in cereal‐based farming systems at Bako, Western Ethiopia
Authors: Dabessa Alemayehu , Debala Chala 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMaize monoculture is one of the major restrictions limiting maize productivity in Western Ethiopia. Although the inclusion of legumes in cropping systems is an essential approach for the sustainable management of farming systems and for reducing the nitrogen (N) fertilizer requirement for maize production in the long term, the effects of soybean on the sustainability of maize productivity and soil fertility are unclear in Ethiopia. Continuous cropping of maize has led to extensive degradation of soil and a decrease in crop productivity in Western Ethiopia. Thus, the study was conducted to compare the long‐term impact of soybean on the sustainability of the production system in soybean–maize rotation and to monitor soil fertility dynamics in soybean–maize rotational systems. Nine different soybean–maize rotation treatments were laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The study results showed that soybean–maize rotation gave a relatively steady yield compared to the maize mono‐cropping system. Soybean–maize rotation improves the productivity of component crops in cropping systems. The highest maize grain yield was recorded from soybean–maize rotation with fertilizer application for the two components (RS + M+) and soybean–maize rotation without fertilizer application for the soybean component (RS‐M+), respectively. Soybean grain yield was significantly correlated with OC (%), OM (%), and TN (%), whereas maize yield was adversely correlated with soil parameters, except soil pH. Overall, the knowledge we can contribute to the readers from this study is that soybean–maize rotation plays an important role in achieving sustainable agriculture by increasing soil fertility and achieving stable soybean and maize yields and soybean should be inoculated with Rhizobium strain year after year continuously. Thus, it can be concluded that soybean–maize rotation with fertilizer applications (RS + M+) for two components can be used in maize belt areas of Western Ethiopia.
Pathological Bergmann glia alterations and disrupted calcium dynamics in ataxic Canavan disease mice
Authors: Hull Vanessa L. , Wang Yan , Burns Travis , Sternbach Sarah , Gong Shuaishuai , McDonough Jennifer , Guo Fuzheng , Borodinsky Laura N. , Pleasure David 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCanavan disease (CD) is a recessively inherited pediatric leukodystrophy resulting from inactivating mutations to the oligodendroglial enzyme aspartoacylase (ASPA). ASPA is responsible for hydrolyzing the amino acid derivative N‐acetyl‐L‐aspartate (NAA), and without it, brain NAA concentrations increase by 50% or more. Infants and children with CD present with progressive cognitive and motor delays, cytotoxic edema, astroglial vacuolation, and prominent spongiform brain degeneration. ASPA‐deficient CD mice (Aspanur7/nur7) present similarly with elevated NAA, widespread astroglial dysfunction, ataxia, and Purkinje cell (PC) dendritic atrophy. Bergmann glia (BG), radial astrocytes essential for cerebellar development, are intimately intertwined with PCs, where they regulate synapse stability, functionality, and plasticity. BG damage is common to many neurodegenerative conditions and frequently associated with PC dysfunction and ataxia. Here, we report that, in CD mice, BG exhibit significant morphological alterations, decreased structural associations with PCs, loss of synaptic support proteins, and altered calcium dynamics. We also find that BG dysfunction predates cerebellar vacuolation and PC damage in CD mice. Previously, we developed an antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) therapy targeting Nat8l (N‐acetyltransferase‐8‐like, “Nat8l ASO”) that inhibits the production of NAA and reverses ataxia and PC atrophy in CD mice. Here, we show that Nat8l ASO administration in adult CD mice also leads to BG repair. Furthermore, blocking astroglial uptake of NAA is neuroprotective in astroglia‐neuron cocultures exposed to elevated NAA. Our findings suggest that restoration of BG structural and functional integrity could be a mechanism for PC regeneration and improved motor function.