bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
KMT-2021-BLG-1547Lb: Giant microlensing planet detected through a signal deformed due to source binarity
Authors: Han Cheongho , Zang Weicheng , Jung Youn Kil , Bond Ian A. , Chung Sun-Ju , Albrow Michael D. , Gould Andrew , Hwang Kyu-Ha , Ryu Yoon-Hyun , Shin In-Gu , Shvartzvald Yossi , Yang Hongjing , Yee Jennifer C. , Cha Sang-Mok , Kim Doeon , Kim Dong-Jin , Kim Seung-Lee , Lee Chung-Uk , Lee Dong-Joo , Lee Yongseok , Park Byeong-Gon , Pogge Richard W. , Monard Berto , Qian Qiyue , Liu Zhuokai , Maoz Dan , Penny Matthew T. , Zhu Wei , Abe Fumio , Barry Richard , Bennett David P. , Bhattacharya Aparna , Fujii Hirosame , Fukui Akihiko , Hamada Ryusei , Hirao Yuki , Ishitani Silva Stela , Itow Yoshitaka , Kirikawa Rintaro , Kondo Iona , Koshimoto Naoki , Matsubara Yutaka , Miyazaki Shota , Muraki Yasushi , Olmschenk Greg , Ranc Clément , Rattenbury Nicholas J. , Satoh Yuki , Sumi Takahiro , Suzuki Daisuke , Tomoyoshi Mio , Tristram Paul J. , Vandorou Aikaterini , Yama Hibiki , Yamashita Kansuke 
Published: September 2023

Aims. We investigate the previous microlensing data collected by the KMTNet survey in search of anomalous events for which no precise interpretations of the anomalies had been suggested. From this investigation, we find that the anomaly in the lensing light curve of the event KMT-2021-BLG-1547 is approximately described by a binary-lens (2L1S) model with a lens possessing a giant planet, but the model leaves unexplained residuals.
Methods. We investigated the origin of the residuals by testing more sophisticated models that include either an extra lens component (3L1S model) or an extra source star (2L2S model) on top of the 2L1S configuration of the lens system. From these analyses, we find that the residuals from the 2L1S model originate from the existence of a faint companion to the source. The 2L2S solution substantially reduces the residuals and improves the model fit by Δχ2 = 67.1 with respect to the 2L1S solution. The 3L1S solution also improves the fit, but its fit is worse than that of the 2L2S solution by Δχ2 = 24.7.
Results. According to the 2L2S solution, the lens of the event is a planetary system with planet and host masses (Mp/MJ, Mh/M⊙) = (1.47−0.77+0.64, 0.72−0.38+0.32) lying at a distance DL = 5.07−1.50+0.98 kpc, and the source is a binary composed of a subgiant primary of a late G or an early K spectral type and a main-sequence companion of a K spectral type. The event demonstrates the need for sophisticated modeling of unexplained anomalies if one wants to construct a complete microlensing planet sample.
A 20-Year Experience with Tissue Expansion for Large Cervical Fascial Defects: An Algorithm Based on Different Clinical Flap Designs
Authors: Luo Si-Si , Yang Zhe , Ma Ning , Li Yang-Qun 
Published: September 2023

AbstractOver the past 20 years, we have designed various types of expanded cervical flaps for large facial defects and achieved excellent tissue matching. This study was performed to propose a treatment strategy for flap selection for the reconstruction of different facial units. The authors retrospectively reviewed the application of cervical expanded flaps for facial rehabilitation in our department between January 2003 and January 2023. The study included 122 patients with unilateral (62.3%) and bilateral (37.7%) facial deformities ranging from the zygomatic arch to the chin. The median area of the tissue defect was 15.2 × 8.5 cm2 (ranging from 6 × 4 cm2 to 27 × 12 cm2). The expansion period ranged from 61 to 175 days (mean: 86.5 days). Maximum and minimum sizes of pre-expanded cervical flaps were 30 × 13 cm2 to 7 × 5 cm2. All the flaps could be summarized into type 1, an advanced expanded cervical flap; type 2, a wing-shaped expanded cervical flap with overlapping tissue expansion; and type 3, an expanded single-lobed transposition flap rotated based on the anterior neck. Cervical flaps reliably meet the reconstructive requirements for different facial units, especially for large cutaneous defects in the clinic. The selection of these flaps can be planned preoperatively according to the location and size of the defect or lesion.
A rolling bearing fault diagnosis method based on Markov transition field and multi-scale Runge-Kutta residual network
Authors: Ding Simin , Rui Zhiyuan , Lei Chunli , Zhuo Junting , Shi Jiashuo , Lv Xin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In order to address the problem that one- dimensional convolutional neural networks is difficult to extract the local correlation information and mine multi-scale information of rolling bearing fault signals under variable working conditions, a novel fault diagnosis method for rolling bearings based on Markov transition field (MTF) and multi-scale Runge–Kutta residual attention network (MRKRA-Net) is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the original signal is encoded into a two-dimensional image using the MTF method. Then, a multi-scale network is constructed using pre-activation Runge–Kutta residual blocks to extract multi-level features. Secondly, a feature-guided attention mechanism is designed and embedded into the network model to enhance its generalization ability. Finally, the MRKRA-Net model is validated on two different bearing datasets, and the results show that compared with other popular intelligent fault diagnosis methods, MRKRA-Net has higher fault diagnosis accuracy and stronger robustness under both given and variable working conditions.
Simultaneous quantification of Young’s modulus and dispersion forces with nanoscale spatial resolution
Authors: Cafolla Clodomiro , Voïtchovsky Kislon , Payam Amir Farokh 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Many advances in polymers and layered materials rely on a precise understanding of the local interactions between adjacent molecular or atomic layers. Quantifying dispersion forces at the nanoscale is particularly challenging with existing methods often time consuming, destructive, relying on surface averaging or requiring bespoke equipment. Here, we present a non-invasive method able to quantify the local mechanical and dispersion properties of a given sample with nanometer lateral precision. The method, based on atomic force microscopy (AFM), uses the frequency shift of a vibrating AFM cantilever in combination with established contact mechanics models to simultaneously derive the Hamaker constant and the effective Young’s modulus at a given sample location. The derived Hamaker constant and Young’s modulus represent an average over a small (typically <100) number of molecules or atoms. The oscillation amplitude of the vibrating AFM probe is used to select the length-scale of the features to analyse, with small vibrations able to resolve the contribution of sub-nanometric defects and large ones exploring effectively homogeneous areas. The accuracy of the method is validated on a range of 2D materials in air and water as well as on polymer thin films. We also provide the first experimental measurements of the Hamaker constant of HBN, MoT2, WSe2 and polymer films, verifying theoretical predictions and computer simulations. The simplicity and robustness of the method, implemented with a commercial AFM, may support a broad range of technological applications in the growing field of polymers and nanostructured materials where a fine control of the van der Waals interactions is crucial to tune their properties.
Gradient-based geometry learning for fan-beam CT reconstruction
Authors: Thies Mareike , Wagner Fabian , Maul Noah , Folle Lukas , Meier Manuela , Rohleder Maximilian , Schneider Linda-Sophie , Pfaff Laura , Gu Mingxuan , Utz Jonas , Denzinger Felix , Manhart Michael , Maier Andreas 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Objective. Incorporating computed tomography (CT) reconstruction operators into differentiable pipelines has proven beneficial in many applications. Such approaches usually focus on the projection data and keep the acquisition geometry fixed. However, precise knowledge of the acquisition geometry is essential for high quality reconstruction results. In this paper, the differentiable formulation of fan-beam CT reconstruction is extended to the acquisition geometry. Approach. The CT fan-beam reconstruction is analytically derived with respect to the acquisition geometry. This allows to propagate gradient information from a loss function on the reconstructed image into the geometry parameters. As a proof-of-concept experiment, this idea is applied to rigid motion compensation. The cost function is parameterized by a trained neural network which regresses an image quality metric from the motion-affected reconstruction alone. Main results. The algorithm improves the structural similarity index measure (SSIM) from 0.848 for the initial motion-affected reconstruction to 0.946 after compensation. It also generalizes to real fan-beam sinograms which are rebinned from a helical trajectory where the SSIM increases from 0.639 to 0.742. Significance. Using the proposed method, we are the first to optimize an autofocus-inspired algorithm based on analytical gradients. Next to motion compensation, we see further use cases of our differentiable method for scanner calibration or hybrid techniques employing deep models.
Exploration on the application of a new type of superconducting energy storage for regenerative braking in urban rail transit
Authors: Li Wenxin , Yang Tianhui , Li Chao , Li Gengyao , Xin Ying 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Regenerative braking technology has become increasingly attractive due to its ability to recover and reuse the energy that would otherwise be lost. In recent years, a new superconducting energy storage technology is proposed and it has been proved experimentally and analytically that the technology has promising application potential in urban rail transit for regenerative braking. However, a comprehensive assessment of the new technology has not been conducted up to date. In this paper, the currently available energy storage technologies for regenerative braking, such as batteries, supercapacitors, flywheels, and SMES are introduced along with the new superconducting energy storage technology. Comparative studies between the existing technologies and the new one are conducted in terms of energy density, energy conversion efficiency, energy storage duration, capital cost and environmental impact. It is concluded that a regenerative braking system with the new superconducting energy storage has very high cycle efficiency and is superior to the existing energy storage systems. It has the potential to revolutionize the regenerative braking technology and to develop more efficient and sustainable urban rail transportation systems.
Hyperfine-induced effects on
Kα1
linear polarization following electron-impact excitation of heliumlike Tl79+ ions with nuclear spin
I=1/2
Authors: Wu Z W , Tian Z Q , Dong C Z , Surzhykov A , Fritzsche S 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
A most general density-matrix formalism is presented to investigate linear polarization of characteristic lines following electron-impact excitation of atoms or ions with arbitrary nuclear spin, which can account for depolarization of energy levels and multipole mixing of radiation fields. It is then applied to the linear polarization of the

K

α

1

line radiated from heliumlike ions with nuclear spin

I
=
1

/

2

. As an example, detailed calculations are performed for

81

207

Tl79+ ions using the multi-configurational Dirac-Fock method and relativistic distorted-wave theory. It is found that the effect of the hyperfine interaction on the linear polarization depends dominantly on impact electron energy. For low impact energies close to the excitation threshold, the hyperfine interaction results in an enhancement of the linear polarization, especially for those photons emitted perpendicularly to the impact electron beam. In contrast, such a hyperfine-induced effect diminishes quickly with increasing impact energy and vanishes at medium and high energies, which is very different from the results for the case of radiative electron capture (Surzhykov et al 2013 Phys. Rev. A 87 052507). The present study is experimentally accessible at both electron-beam ion traps and ion storage rings and, thus, accurate

K

α

1

polarization measurements at low energies can be utilized to probe the hyperfine interaction in highly charged few-electron ions.
Sectoral water use responses to droughts and heatwaves: analyses from local to global scales for 1990–2019
Authors: Cárdenas Belleza Gabriel A , Bierkens Marc F P , van Vliet Michelle T H 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Water use for various sectors (e.g. irrigation, livestock, domestic, energy and manufacturing) is increasing due to a growing global population and economic development. Additionally, increases in frequency and severity of droughts, heatwaves and compound drought-heatwave events, also lead to responses in sectoral water use and a reduction in water availability, intensifying water scarcity. However, limited knowledge exists on the responses in sectoral water use during these hydroclimatic extremes. In this study we quantify the impacts of droughts, heatwaves and compound events on water use of irrigation, livestock, domestic, energy and manufacturing sectors at global, country and local scales. To achieve this, datasets of reported and downscaled sectoral water use (i.e. withdrawal and consumption) were evaluated during these hydroclimatic extremes and compared to normal (non-extreme) periods for 1990–2019. Our analysis shows that these hydroclimatic extremes affect water use patterns differently per sector and region. Reported data show that domestic and irrigation water use increases during heatwaves in Eastern Europe and central continental United States, while water use decreases for thermoelectric sector, particularly in Europe while it increases in north and Eastern Asia. Additionally, global water use response patterns reveal that irrigation and domestic sectors are mostly prioritized over livestock, thermoelectric and manufacturing. Reported local-scale data reveal that for most sectors and regions/locations, stronger water use responses are found for heatwaves and compound events compared to impacts during hydrological droughts. Our outcomes provide improved understanding of sectoral water use behaviour under hydroclimatic extremes. Nonetheless, given the future threats to water availability and the limited accessible information of water use, there is an urgency to collect more monitored-driven data of sectoral water use for improved assessments of water scarcity under these extremes. Consequently, this research reveals the necessity of more realistic water use models to better represent the sectoral responses to hydroclimatic extremes.
Memory Mobilization and Postconflict Stability in CôTE D’Ivoire: Analysing the Transmission of Conflict Narratives Among Ivoirian Youth
Authors: Kuppens Line , Langer Arnim 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
After violence ends, former conflict parties and their civilian supporters often disagree about the origins and causes of the conflict. Post-conflict states vary in how they deal with these competing accounts of the past, ranging from selective remembering to state-backed forgetting. However, conflict narratives that are excluded from the public sphere are not necessarily forgotten and may be passed on between generations within families, social networks, and communities. These unofficial and often biased accounts can threaten the stability of post-conflict societies when appropriated by political actors who seek to challenge hegemonic memory practices and/or the legitimacy of the state—a process that we define as memory mobilization. In this paper, we argue that memory mobilization is particularly likely to occur when (1) unofficial conflict narratives persist among certain groups and sections of society, and are transferred from one generation to the next; and (2) regime opponents and/or other political actors have sufficient political and public space for contestation. To evaluate our argument, we examine these issues in the context of post-conflict Côte d’Ivoire. Based on 905 secondary school student essays, we show that competing accounts are reproduced among young Ivoirians and that these could potentially threaten the country’s future stability, if misappropriated.
Atypical fetal brain development in fetuses with non-syndromic isolated musculoskeletal birth defects (niMSBDs)
Authors: Ahmad Esha , Brumfield Olivia , Masse Olivia , Velasco-Annis Clemente , Zhang Jennings , Rollins Caitlin K , Connolly Susan , Barnewolt Carol , Shamshirsaz Alireza A , Qaderi Shohra , Javinani Ali , Warfield Simon K , Yang Edward , Gholipour Ali , Feldman Henry A , Estroff Judy , Grant Patricia E , Vasung Lana 
Published: September 2023

AbstractNon-syndromic, isolated musculoskeletal birth defects (niMSBDs) are among the leading causes of pediatric hospitalization. However, little is known about brain development in niMSBDs. Our study aimed to characterize prenatal brain development in fetuses with niMSBDs and identify altered brain regions compared to controls. We retrospectively analyzed in vivo structural T2-weighted MRIs of 99 fetuses (48 controls and 51 niMSBDs cases). For each group (19–31 and &gt;31 gestational weeks (GW)), we conducted repeated-measures regression analysis with relative regional volume (% brain hemisphere) as a dependent variable (adjusted for age, side, and interactions). Between 19 and 31GW, fetuses with niMSBDs had a significantly (P &lt; 0.001) smaller relative volume of the intermediate zone (−22.9 ± 3.2%) and cerebellum (−16.1 ± 3.5%,) and a larger relative volume of proliferative zones (38.3 ± 7.2%), the ganglionic eminence (34.8 ± 7.3%), and the ventricles (35.8 ± 8.0%). Between 32 and 37 GW, compared to the controls, niMSBDs showed significantly smaller volumes of central regions (−9.1 ± 2.1%) and larger volumes of the cortical plate. Our results suggest there is altered brain development in fetuses with niMSBDs compared to controls (13.1 ± 4.2%). Further basic and translational neuroscience research is needed to better visualize these differences and to characterize the altered development in fetuses with specific niMSBDs.
Towards Hadwiger’s Conjecture via Bourgain Slicing
Authors: Campos Marcelo , van Hintum Peter , Morris Robert , Tiba Marius 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In 1957, Hadwiger conjectured that every convex body in ${\mathbb{R}}^{d}$ can be covered by $2^{d}$ translates of its interior. For over 60 years, the best known bound was of the form $O(4^{d} \sqrt{d} \log d)$, but this was recently improved by a factor of $e^{\Omega (\sqrt{d})}$ by Huang, Slomka, Tkocz, and Vritsiou. In this note, we take another step towards Hadwiger’s conjecture by deducing an almost-exponential improvement from the recent breakthrough work of Chen, Klartag, and Lehec on Bourgain’s slicing problem. More precisely, we prove that, for any convex body $K \subset{\mathbb{R}}^{d}$, $$\begin{align*} &\exp\bigg( - \Omega\bigg( \frac{d}{\log d} \bigg) \bigg) \cdot 4^d \end{align*}$$translates of $\operatorname{int}(K)$ suffice to cover $K$. We also show that a positive answer to Bourgain’s slicing problem would imply an exponential improvement for Hadwiger’s conjecture.
Interleukin 13–Induced Inflammation Increases DPP4 Abundance but Does Not Enhance Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Replication in Airway Epithelia
Authors: Li Kun , Bartlett Jennifer A , Wohlford-Lenane Christine L , Xue Biyun , Thurman Andrew L , Gallagher Thomas M , Pezzulo Alejandro A , McCray Paul B 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
Chronic pulmonary conditions such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease increase the risk of morbidity and mortality during infection with the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). We hypothesized that individuals with such comorbidities are more susceptible to MERS-CoV infection due to increased expression of its receptor, dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4).

Methods
We modeled chronic airway disease by treating primary human airway epithelia with the Th2 cytokine interleukin 13 (IL-13), examining how this affected DPP4 protein levels with MERS-CoV entry and replication.

Results
IL-13 exposure for 3 days led to greater DPP4 protein abundance, while a 21-day treatment raised DPP4 levels and caused goblet cell metaplasia. Surprisingly, despite this increase in receptor availability, MERS-CoV entry and replication were not significantly affected by IL-13 treatment.

Conclusions
Our results suggest that greater DPP4 abundance is likely not the primary mechanism leading to increased MERS severity in the setting of Th2 inflammation. Transcriptional profiling analysis highlighted the complexity of IL-13–induced changes in airway epithelia, including altered expression of genes involved in innate immunity, antiviral responses, and maintenance of the extracellular mucus barrier. These data suggest that additional factors likely interact with DPP4 abundance to determine MERS-CoV infection outcomes.
Incidence and predisposing factors for flucloxacillin-related hepatotoxicity in children
Authors: Coombs Stefan , Pittet Laure F , Tang Kailey , Gwee Amanda 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
Flucloxacillin-induced hepatotoxicity is well established in adults. However, there are few paediatric studies of flucloxacillin-induced hepatotoxicity despite this drug being among the most commonly prescribed in children. We aimed to determine the incidence of flucloxacillin-induced hepatotoxicity in children receiving IV therapy as well as identify risk factors for this adverse drug reaction.

Methods
We undertook a 2 year retrospective audit of children aged 0–18 years admitted to the Royal Children’s Hospital (March 2019 to March 2021) who had liver function tests determined before and after receiving IV flucloxacillin for at least 24 hours duration. Causality was assessed using the Roussel Uclaf Causality Assessment Method and Naranjo criteria.

Results
Overall, the incidence of hepatotoxicity was 66/393 (17%). The median age of children with hepatotoxicity was 1.1 years (IQR 0.3–11.9), 43 (65%) received two or more concomitant hepatotoxic medications and 23 (35%) were receiving total parenteral nutrition. The median timing of onset of hepatotoxicity after commencement of flucloxacillin was 4 days (range 2–7). Severe hepatotoxicity (Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events grade 3 or above) occurred in 9/66 (14%) for bilirubin, 13/66 (20%) for ALT and 10/66 (15%) for GGT. Predisposing factors for hepatotoxicity were increasing age (OR 1.06 per additional year, 95% CI 1.01–1.10, P = 0.02), with adolescents aged 12–18 years having the highest risk (OR 5.10, 95% CI 2.02–12.85, P = 0.001), and two or more concomitant hepatotoxic medications (OR 2.51, 95% CI 1.02–6.18, P = 0.05). The median time to resolution of hepatotoxicity after cessation of flucloxacillin was 5 days (range 2–10).

Conclusions
In children, older patients and those receiving two or more concomitant hepatotoxic medications are at greater risk of flucloxacillin-induced hepatotoxicity.