bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fracture healing in a polytrauma rat model is influenced by mtDNA:cGAS complex mediated pro‐inflammation
Authors: Muire Preeti J. , Lofgren Alicia L. , Shiels Stefanie M. , Wenke Joseph C. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPurposeThe mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) activated cyclic guanosine monophosphate–adenosine monophosphate synthase—stimulator of interferon genes (cGAS‐STING) signaling pathway is a key player in mediating immune responses in autoimmune disorders and cancer. However, its role in severe trauma associated fracture healing is unknown. This study investigated if the cGAS‐STING signaling pathway contributes to delayed bone healing in polytrauma (PT) fractures.MethodsFor preliminary analyses, therapeutic dosage of RU.521 (cGAS inhibitor) (n = 2) was determined in C57BL/6 J mice by mass spectrometry, and IFNβ expression levels in serum and bronchioalveolar fluid (BALF) at 6 and 24 h (h) in RU.521/vehicle + mtDNA injected mice (n = 3/treatment and time point) was measured by ELISA. In the main study, plasma mtDNA was quantified by qPCR in a clinically relevant delayed fracture healing PT rat model with burn injury, blunt trauma, and a femoral fracture at 3 h post‐trauma (hpt). Next, PT rats received either RU.521 (12 mg/kg in povidone; n = 8) or vehicle (povidone only; n = 5) immediately after injury and were followed up for 5 weeks post‐trauma to assess bone regeneration by radiography and histology.ResultsIFNβ levels were significantly decreased only at 24 h in BALF of RU.521 treated mice. At 3hpt mtDNA was significantly elevated in PT rats compared to rats without injury. When treated with RU.521, PT rats showed improvement in bone healing compared to vehicle control PT rats.ConclusionsThese data reveal that the cGAS‐STING signaling pathway influences trauma‐induced delayed bone healing. However, further evaluation of this pathway at the cellular and molecular levels to augment PT associated detrimental effects is needed.
Axial length acquisition success rates and agreement of four optical biometers and one ultrasound biometer in eyes with dense cataracts
Authors: Tañá-Rivero Pedro , Aguilar-Córcoles Salvador , Tañá-Sanz Pedro , Tañá-Sanz Santiago , Montés-Micó Robert 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
To evaluate the axial length acquisition success rates and agreement between various biometric parameters obtained with different biometers in dense cataracts.

Methods
Fifty-one eyes were measured using Anterion®, Argos® and IOLMaster® 700 swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) biometers, a Pentacam® AXL partial coherence interferometry (PCI) biometer, and an OcuScan® RxP ultrasound biometer. We measured keratometry (K1, flattest keratometry and K2, steepest keratometry), white-to-white (WTW), anterior chamber depth (ACD), lens thickness (LT) and axial length. Cataracts were classified according to the Lens Opacities Classification System III grading system, the dysfunctional lens index (DLI) and Pentacam® nucleus staging (PNS) metrics. Percentage of acquisition success rate and a Bland–Altman analysis for the agreement between biometers were calculated.

Results
The mean LOCS III score was 3.63 ± 0.92, the mean DLI was 2.95 ± 1.30 and the mean PNS was 2.36 ± 1.20. The acquisition success rates for the Anterion®, Argos®, IOLMaster® 700, Pentacam® AXL and OcuScan® RxP biometers were 94.12%, 100%, 98.04%, 60.78% and 100%, respectively. There were significant differences in the success rates between biometers (P = 0.014). There were statistically significant differences between biometers for all parameters evaluated (P < 0.05). The range of the limit of agreement (LoA) for all comparisons of K1 and K2 were > 1.00 D. The LoA for WTW ranged from 0.095 to 1.050 mm. The LoA for ACD and LT ranged from 0.307 to 0.114 mm and from 0.378 to 0.108 mm, respectively. The LoA for axial length ranged from 0.129 to 2.378 mm.

Conclusions
Among optical biometers, those based on SS-OCT technology are more successful at measuring axial length in eyes with dense cataracts.
Trial Registration: The study was registered with the National Institutes of Health (clinical trial identifier NCT05239715, http://www.clinicaltrials.gov).
Anaplastic lymphoma kinase-positive inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the breast: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Kawakita Yasutaka , Anan Keisei , Kurata Kanako , Koga Kenichiro , Saimura Michiyo , Tamiya Sadafumi , Nishihara Kazuyoshi , Mitsuyama Shoshu , Nakano Toru 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundFew reports of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) of the breast have been published worldwide. Furthermore, primary anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive IMT of the breast is extremely rare. To date, only six patients with ALK-positive IMT have been reported in the literature.Case presentationA 52-year-old woman underwent a medical examination, and a left breast mass was detected. She did not feel a mass in her chest. Mammography showed a focal asymmetric density at the lower outer portion of the left breast. Breast ultrasonography showed a 1.2-cm hypoechoic lesion with relatively clear boundaries and poor blood flow. Magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography revealed a solitary heterogeneous mass in the left breast. Pathologic examination revealed a fibrosing lesion with proliferation of fibroblastic cells arranged in a storiform pattern and admixed inflammatory cells. Immunohistochemical examination showed that the tumor cells were positive for ALK. Under the preoperative diagnosis of IMT, we performed partial mastectomy with adequate margins. The postoperative diagnosis was pathologically confirmed as IMT. Immunohistochemical staining also showed overexpression of ALK-1 in the tumor. The patient had a good clinical course for 24 months postoperatively, without recurrence or metastasis.ConclusionsIMT of the breast shows nonspecific imaging findings, making preoperative diagnosis difficult. Nevertheless, IMT has the characteristics of low-grade neoplasms with recurrence, invasion, and metastatic potential. Our report emphasizes the importance of determining a treatment plan as soon as possible based on an accurate diagnosis to improve the prognosis of this disease.
Language ideology, development of English proficiency, and performance in professional communication: voices of STEM + business graduates of English medium university
Authors: Karim Abdul , Islam Md. Shaiful , Hamid M. Obaidul , Rahman Mohammad Mosiur , Amin Evita Umama 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe current study aims at unpacking the language ideologies of the STEM + Business graduates in relation to English medium instruction (EMI) and how they perceive the contribution of EMI towards English proficiency development. It also intended to unfold the extent to which EMI education may have contributed to their employability and fulfillment of workplace communication needs. Inspired by inadequate evidence on the effect of EMI on English Language Proficiency (ELP) and employability, the researchers engaged with the participants who could draw on their EMI experiences in developing ELP, attaining employability, and fulfilling workplace communication needs in English. Theoretical aspects of language ideologies, ELP, and employability set the conceptual ground of the study. Adopting the interpretive phenomenological approach and harnessing semi-structured interview questions, the study collected data from eight participants. The study found that the language ideologies of the graduates were shaped by the perceived role and importance of English to serve academic and economic purposes through the availability of curriculum corresponding to global standards, access to knowledge, English-oriented atmosphere and ELP development, and EMI policy adoption and implementation in higher education institutions was seen as a panacea to avail the facilities described above. The participants also confirmed that EMI education benefitted their ELP, enabling them to obtain jobs and perform workplace communication in English.
Diagnosis and treatment of hypertension in dialysis patients: a systematic review
Authors: Kim In Soo , Kim Sungmin , Yoo Tae-Hyun , Kim Jwa-Kyung 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing dialysis, hypertension is common but often inadequately controlled. The prevalence of hypertension varies widely among studies because of differences in the definition of hypertension and the methods of used to measure blood pressure (BP), i.e., peri-dialysis or ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM). Recently, ABPM has become the gold standard for diagnosing hypertension in dialysis patients. Home BP monitoring can also be a good alternative to ABPM, emphasizing BP measurement outside the hemodialysis (HD) unit. One thing for sure is pre- and post-dialysis BP measurements should not be used alone to diagnose and manage hypertension in dialysis patients. The exact target of BP and the relationship between BP and all-cause mortality or cause-specific mortality are unclear in this population. Many observational studies with HD cohorts have almost universally reported a U-shaped or even an L-shaped association between BP and all-cause mortality, but most of these data are based on the BP measured in HD units. Some data with ABPM have shown a linear association between BP and mortality even in HD patients, similar to the general population. Supporting this, the results of meta-analysis have shown a clear benefit of BP reduction in HD patients. Therefore, further research is needed to determine the optimal target BP in the dialysis population, and for now, an individualized approach is appropriate, with particular emphasis on avoiding excessively low BP. Maintaining euvolemia is of paramount importance for BP control in dialysis patients. Patient heterogeneity and the lack of comparative evidence preclude the recommendation of one class of medication over another for all patients. Recently, however, β-blockers could be considered as a first-line therapy in dialysis patients, as they can reduce sympathetic overactivity and left ventricular hypertrophy, which contribute to the high incidence of arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. Several studies with mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists have also reported promising results in reducing mortality in dialysis patients. However, safety issues such as hyperkalemia or hypotension should be further evaluated before their use.
Geriatric assessment for older people with cancer: policy recommendations
Authors: Seghers P. A. L. , Alibhai Shabbir M. H. , Battisti Nicolò Matteo Luca , Kanesvaran Ravindran , Extermann Martine , O’Donovan Anita , Pilleron Sophie , Mislang Anna Rachelle , Musolino Najia , Cheung Kwok-Leung , Staines Anthony , Girvalaki Charis , Soubeyran Pierre , Portielje Johanneke E. A. , Rostoft Siri , Hamaker Marije E. , Trépel Dominic , O’Hanlon Shane 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMost cancers occur in older people and the burden in this age group is increasing. Over the past two decades the evidence on how best to treat this population has increased rapidly. However, implementation of new best practices has been slow and needs involvement of policymakers. This perspective paper explains why older people with cancer have different needs than the wider population. An overview is given of the recommended approach for older people with cancer and its benefits on clinical outcomes and cost-effectiveness. In older patients, the geriatric assessment (GA) is the gold standard to measure level of fitness and to determine treatment tolerability. The GA, with multiple domains of physical health, functional status, psychological health and socio-environmental factors, prevents initiation of inappropriate oncologic treatment and recommends geriatric interventions to optimize the patient’s general health and thus resilience for receiving treatments. Multiple studies have proven its benefits such as reduced toxicity, better quality of life, better patient-centred communication and lower healthcare use. Although GA might require investment of time and resources, this is relatively small compared to the improved outcomes, possible cost-savings and compared to the large cost of oncologic treatments as a whole.
Thoracic spinal anaesthesia for paediatric upper extremity surgery in limited-resource hospital: a case report
Authors: Prima Agus , Hamdi Tasrif , Sitepu John Frans , Ghozali Imam , Lubis Asmin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Thoracic spinal anaesthesia for upper extremity surgery is rarely performed and exceptional procedure. We report a case in which thoracic spinal anaesthesia (T3–T4 intervertebral space) was performed successfully in a paediatric patient with distal radius fracture ORIF surgery.

Case presentation
A 15 years old man with distal radius fracture ORIF was scheduled to undergo remove of implant. His parents did not want to have general anaesthesia because complication of postoperative pulmonary complications, patient has allergy and asthmatic potential. We proposed thoracic spinal anaesthesia with small dose bupivacaine 0.5% hyperbaric (5 mg).

Conclusions
Thoracic spinal anaesthesia with small dose bupivacaine 0.5% hyperbaric at the cervical level (C4) may offer an alternative option when general anaesthesia or conventional regional techniques are contraindicated or equipment unavailable to perform peripheral nerve block.
Characterization of physicochemical, antioxidants and sensory properties of cookies enriched with shea (Vitellaria paradoxa) fruit pulp as a functional ingredient
Authors: Chikpah Solomon Kofi , Korese Joseph Kudadam , Osman Salamatu 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe shea fruit pulp (SFP), a by-product generated during the processing of shea fruit, is a vital source of phytochemicals for the development of functional foods. This study determined the effect of partial substitution of wheat flour with SFP (0–25%) on the physicochemical, total carotenoids (TC), total phenolics content (TPC), antioxidant activity (AA), and sensory properties of cookies. The bromatological analysis showed that crude fiber, fat, and total ash contents of the SFP-enriched cookies increased by 155.3-565.8%, 1.7–6.8%, and 22.2-111.3%, respectively while moisture, crude protein, and available carbohydrate contents decreased by 10.0-44.9%, 3.1–17.5%, and 1.0-2.9%, respectively with increasing addition of SFP in the cookies. The SFP-enriched cookies had significantly higher TC (183.25-627.49 µg/100 g) and TPC (79.06–185.20 mg GAE/100 g) and AA (28.20-61.58%, inhibition) than the 100% wheat flour cookies, control (2.90 ± 0.14 µg/100 g for TC, 53.81 ± 5.70 mg GAE/100 g for TPC, and 15.79 ± 1.03% for AA). The incorporation of SFP in cookies decreases the thickness and whiteness index by 3.9–24.0% and 4.5–26.9%, respectively, but increases the spread ratio by 5.5–37.9% and the browning index by 10.3–87.4% as compared with the control cookies. Based on the sensory evaluation results, the 25% SFP-enriched cookie had the highest scores for taste, aroma, and texture whiles the 15% SFP-enriched cookie had the best rating for color and overall acceptability. It is conclusive that SFP could be utilized for the industrial production of cookies to enhance the nutritional, antioxidant, and sensory properties of the baked product. Nonetheless, enzymatic browning of the shea fruit pulp is a major limitation, and therefore, rapid processing of fruits and cold storage of the SFP is required to prevent the browning reactions of the SFP.
Graphical Abstract
Challenges and motivations for women entrepreneurs in the service sector of Pakistan
Authors: Rizvi Syed Aamir Alam , Shah Syed Jamal , Qureshi Muhammad Azeem , Wasim Saima , Aleemi Abdur Rahman , Ali Mohsin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis study investigates the challenges and motivations for women entrepreneurs in the service sector of Pakistan. Women’s business ownership is widely recognized as a critical component of a healthy economy because it plays a significant role in the production of new jobs and services and contributes to overall economic development. Due to the many challenges that are present in the business world, the percentage of women in Pakistan who start their businesses is extremely low. Nevertheless, some motivators keep people from creating new enterprises. This research is qualitative; it adheres to the interpretivism paradigm. A case study approach has been utilized to investigate the individual motivators and hurdles that affect business ventures in Pakistan. The findings uncovered many significant themes that centered on two different dimensions, motivations and challenges. This study is helpful for policymakers in formulating policies and strategies to remove barriers, address challenges, and give opportunities for women to start their businesses. Additionally, this study will provide direction to entrepreneurs, especially those working in the service sector industry. A further finding of the studies will be useful for women’s empowerment, poverty reduction, and the attainment of sustainable development goals.
T-cell Lymphoblastic Lymphoma Presenting as a Pituitary Mass
Authors: Sreedhara Padmini , Czerwinski Vincent , Alexander Ethan , Choudhary Chitra 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Primary pituitary T-lymphoblastic lymphoma is a rare clinical entity. A 45-year-old woman presented with headache, left-eye blurry vision, diplopia, ophthalmoplegia, and ptosis. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain showed a sellar mass most likely consistent with a pituitary macroadenoma. Laboratory evaluation disclosed secondary hypothyroidism, secondary adrenal insufficiency, and hyperprolactinemia. The mass was removed by transsphenoidal resection, and subsequent immunophenotyping revealed T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma. Secondary workup confirmed lymphomatous confinement to the central nervous system. Following resection, the patient's headaches improved, but she experienced persistent visual deficits and palsies of cranial nerves III, IV, and VI. The chemotherapy regimen consisted of high-dose methotrexate, followed by alternating cycles of cyclophosphamide, vincristine sulfate, doxorubicin hydrochloride (Adriamycin), dexamethasone (cyclophosphamide, mesna, vincristine sulfate, doxorubicin hydrochloride, dexamethasone), and methotrexate/cytarabine. Since receiving chemotherapy, there has been an improvement in numbness, ptosis, left orbital pressure, and headaches. This case represents only the eighth example of T-cell primary pituitary lymphoma, and the youngest patient to receive the diagnosis.
Arteries Around the Superior Limiting Sulcus: Motor Complication Avoidance in Insular and Insulo-Opercular Surgery
Authors: Ikegaya Naoki , Hayashi Takahiro , Higashijima Takefumi , Takayama Yutaro , Sonoda Masaki , Iwasaki Masaki , Miyake Yohei , Sato Mitsuru , Tateishi Kensuke , Suenaga Jun , Yamamoto Tetsuya 
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Insulo-opercular surgery can cause ischemic motor complications. A source of this is the arteries around the superior limiting sulcus (SLS), which reach the corona radiata, but the detailed anatomy remains unclear. To characterize arteries around the SLS including the long insular arteries (LIAs) and long medullary arteries, we classified them and examined their distribution in relation to the SLS, which helps reduce the risk of ischemia.

METHODS:
Twenty adult cadaveric hemispheres were studied. Coronal brain slices were created perpendicular to the SLS representing insular gyri (anterior short, middle short, posterior short, anterior long, and posterior long). The arteries within 10-mm proximity of the SLS that reached the corona radiata were excavated and classified by the entry point.

RESULTS:
A total of 122 arteries were identified. Sixty-three (52%), 20 (16%), and 39 (32%) arteries penetrated the insula (LIAs), peak of the SLS, and operculum (long medullary arteries), respectively. 100 and six (87%) arteries penetrated within 5 mm of the peak of the SLS. The arteries were distributed in the anterior short gyrus (19%), middle short gyrus (17%), posterior short gyrus (20%), anterior long gyrus (19%), and posterior long gyrus (25%). Seven arteries (5.7%) had anastomoses after they penetrated the parenchyma.

CONCLUSION:
Approximately 90% of the arteries that entered the parenchyma and reached the corona radiata were within a 5-mm radius of the SLS in both the insula and operculum side. This suggests that using the SLS as a landmark during insulo-opercular surgery can decrease the chance of ischemia.
Matrix mismatch and its estimation in single-lab studies
Authors: Uhlig Steffen , Colson Bertrand , Frost Kirstin , Gowik Petra 
Published: September 2023

Background: Matrix mismatch arises when the matrix of the test sample differs from the calibration or standard matrix. Matrix mismatch often accounts for a large part of between-laboratory variation. Notwithstanding, it is seldom characterized in method validation studies. Methods: Matrix-mismatch manifests itself as the variation of bias across matrices and has two components: the variation of method bias and the variation of laboratory bias across matrices. The laboratory bias component of matrix mismatch can be considered to constitute a component of precision. In the case of horizontal methods, a comprehensive characterization of method performance should thus include matrix mismatch. The different precision and matrix-mismatch components can be estimated by means of mixed linear models. Results: A relatively simple single-lab design with spiked sample material is presented here, allowing an estimate of matrix mismatch via ANOVA calculations. Conclusions: In the statistical model for precision experiments described in ISO 5725-2, there is no matrix mismatch term. Indeed, a characterization of matrix mismatch is not possible if only one matrix is represented in the collaborative study, or if the samples sent to the laboratories do not reflect the properties of the matrices of “true” samples. If matrix mismatch was not estimated in the validation study, a subsequent single-lab study can be conducted. A relatively simple design was described, but more sophisticated designs may present various advantages.
Epigenetic germline variants predict cancer prognosis and risk and distribute uniquely in topologically associating domains
Authors: Goudarzi Shervin , Pagadala Meghana , Klie Adam , Talwar James V , Carter Hannah 
Published: September 2023

Background: Methylation quantitative trait loci (meQTLs) associate with different levels of local DNA methylation in cancers. Here, we investigated whether the distribution of cancer meQTLs reflected functional organization of the genome in the form of chromatin topologically associated domains (TADs) and evaluated whether cancer meQTLs near known driver genes have the potential to influence cancer risk or progression. Methods: Published cancer meQTLs were analyzed according to their location in transcriptionally active or inactive TADs and TAD boundary regions. Cancer meQTLs near known cancer genes were analyzed for association with cancer risk in the UKBioBank and prognosis in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Results: In TAD boundary regions, the density of cancer meQTLs was higher near inactive TADs. Furthermore, we observed an enrichment of cancer meQTLs in active TADs near tumor suppressors, whereas there was a depletion of such meQTLs near oncogenes. Several meQTLs were associated with cancer risk in the UKBioBank, and we were able to reproduce breast cancer risk associations in the DRIVE cohort. Survival analysis in TCGA implicated a number of meQTLs in 13 tumor types. In 10 of these, polygenic cancer meQTL scores were associated with increased hazard in a CoxPH analysis. Risk and survival-associated meQTLs tended to affect cancer genes involved in DNA damage repair and cellular adhesion and reproduced cancer-specific associations reported in prior literature. Conclusions: This study provides evidence that genetic variants that influence local DNA methylation are affected by chromatin structure and can impact tumor evolution.