bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Capsaicin supplementation prevents Western-type diet-induced hypercholesterolemia by reducing endoplasmic reticulum stress in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice
Authors: Kim Hyun Ju 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress presents in atherosclerotic lesions of all stages brought on by hypercholesterolemia. This can incur various pathological responses involved in atherosclerosis. Capsaicin has multiple benefits for metabolic diseases; however, its role in attenuating hypercholesterolemia remains unclear. Therefore, we determined whether dietary capsaicin could alleviate ER stress in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE−/−) mice fed a Western-type diet (WD). Metabolic parameters showed that compared with WD-fed ApoE−/− mice, mice supplemented with dietary capsaicin (0.015%, w/w) displayed significantly reduced body and adipose tissue weight and plasma leptin, total cholesterol, and hepatic triglyceride levels for 12 weeks. Capsaicin supplementation also attenuated the protein abundance involved in ER stress in the liver, as well as glucose-related protein 78 localization in the aorta, indicating that capsaicin inhibits diet-induced hypercholesterolemia in part by regulating the protein abundance involved in ER stress. Capsaicin, therefore, may have potential as a therapeutic agent for individuals with diet-induced hypercholesterolemia.
Lithium and exercise ameliorate insulin-deficient hyperglycemia by independently attenuating pancreatic α-cell mass and hepatic gluconeogenesis
Authors: Jung Su-Ryun , Lee Ji-Hye , Lee Jaemin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
As in type 1 diabetes, the loss of pancreatic β-cell leads to insulin deficiency and eventual hyperglycemia. Exercise has been suggested as a viable remedy for hyperglycemia. Lithium, which has been used as a treatment for bipolar disorder, has also been shown to improve glucose homeostasis under the condition of obesity and type 2 diabetes by enhancing the effects of exercise on the skeletal muscles. In this study, we demonstrated that unlike in obesity and type 2 diabetic conditions, under the condition of insulin-deficient type 1 diabetes, lithium attenuated glucagon-producing pancreatic α-cell mass and downregulated hepatic gluconeogenic program by decreasing G6Pase protein levels and upregulating AMPK activity rather than promoting the metabolic effect of an exercise on the muscle. Thus, our research demonstrates the new therapeutic potential of lithium for type 1 diabetes, which can be utilized independently of exercise.
BBOF1 is required for sperm motility and male fertility by stabilizing the flagellar axoneme
Authors: Cao Huiwen , Xu Haomang , Zhou Yiqing , Xu Wei , Jiang Lingying , Rong Yan , Zhang Qianting , Yu Chao 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe sperm flagellum is a specialized type of motile cilium composed of a typical “9 + 2” axonemal structure with peri-axonemal structures, such as outer dense fibers (ODFs). This flagellar arrangement is crucial for sperm movement and fertilization. However, the association of axonemal integrity with ODFs remains poorly understood. Here, we demonstrat that mammalian BBOF1 could interact with both MNS1, an axonemal component, and ODF2, an ODF protein, and is required for sperm flagellar axoneme maintenance and male fertility. BBOF1 is expressed exclusively in male germ cells from the pachytene stage onwards and is detected in sperm axoneme fraction. Sperm derived fromBbof1-knockout males exhibit a normal morphology, however reduced motility due to the absence of certain microtubule doublets, resulting in the failure to fertilize mature oocytes. Furthermore, BBOF1 is found to interact with ODF2 and MNS1, which is also required for their stability. Our findings suggest that BBOF1 is a novel potential marker for asthenozoospermia diagnosis.
Identification and validation of the reference genes in the echiuran worm Urechis unicinctus based on transcriptome data
Authors: Chen Jiao , Wang Yunjian , Yang Zhi , Jin Yao , Deng Yuhang , Wang Boya , Zhang Zhifeng , Ma Yubin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background Real-time quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR) is a crucial and widely used method for gene expression analysis. Selecting suitable reference genes is extremely important for the accuracy of RT-qPCRresults. Commonly used reference genes are not always stable in various organisms or under different environmental conditions. With the increasing application of high-throughput sequencing, transcriptome analysis has become an effective method for identifying novel stable reference genes.
Results In this study, we identified candidate reference genes based on transcriptome data covering embryos and larvae of early development, normal adult tissues, and the hindgut under sulfide stress using the CV method in the echiuran Urechis unicinctus, resulting in 2093 (4.84%), 2534 (6%), and 9648 (24.94%) candidate reference genes, respectively. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses revealed that the candidate reference genes were significantly enriched in cellular metabolic process, protein metabolic process and ribosome in early development and normal adult tissues as well as in cellular localization and endocytosis in the hindgut undersulfide stress. Subsequently, ten genes including five new candidate reference genes and five commonly used reference genes, were validated by RT-qPCR. The expression stability of the ten genes was analyzed using four methods (geNorm, NormFinder, BestKeeper, and ∆Ct). The comprehensive results indicated that the new candidate reference genes were more stable than most commonly used reference genes. The commonly used ACTB was the most unstable gene. The candidate reference genes STX12, EHMT1, and LYAG were the most stable genes in early development, normal adult tissues, and hindgut undersulfide stress, respectively. The FPKM of the transcriptome data was significantly negatively correlated with the Ct values of RT-qPCR (Ct = − 0.002518 FPKM + 26.63), which made it possible to estimate the Ct value before RT-qPCR using transcriptome data.
Conclusion Our study is the first to select reference genes for RT-qPCR from transcriptome data in Echiura and provides important information for future gene expression studies in U. unicinctus.
Bemisia tabaci Infection of Tomato Plant Alters Bumblebee Foraging Behavior
Authors: Li Ruxu , Huang Xi , Xu Xilian , Wang Su , Yang Yuting , Tian Lixia 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Insect pollination is an important process in the natural ecosystem and play a vital role in the reproduction of crops. Bumblebees, Bombus terrestris (L.) is a widely used pollinator for crops, especially for tomato. The efficiency of bee pollination is related to many effectors including biotic effectors such as bee species, nutrition plant, herbivores. Bemisia tabaci is one of the most common and serious damaged pests on tomato plants. However, whether B. tabaci affects the pollination behavior of B. terrestris on tomato, and how they interact was unclear. In this study,we found that B. terrestris preferred B. tabaci-damaged plants. Furthermore, plant volatiles of tomato plants damaged by B. tabaci were detected and analyzed. Electroantennogram (EAG) and Y-tube bioassay were used for olfactory responses of B. terrestris to plant volatiles. Interestingly, Methyl hexanoate and Eugenol induced by B. tabaci in tomato plant were verified significantly attracting B. terrestris. Therefore, Bemisia tabaci influenced B. terrestris preference through volatiles. The plant volatiles-mediated interaction between B. tabaci and B. terrestriscould enrich our understanding of the interaction between herbivores and pollinators. In addition, Methyl hexanoate and Eugenol could be applied for synergist of pollination.
Oxytocin neurons promote socially-triggered cataplexy
Authors: Mahoney Carrie , Joyal Adam , De Luca Roberto , Woods Caroline , Zhao Wenling , Coffey Alissa , Zhu Lin , Kurimoto Emi , Fenselau Henning , Grinevich Valery , Arrigoni Elda , Scammell Thomas 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
People with narcolepsy often experience intrusive episodes of muscle weakness known as cataplexy which are usually triggered by strong, positive emotions. Importantly, cataplexy almost exclusively occurs during social interactions, so we examined whether the prosocial neuropeptide oxytocin promotes cataplexy and mapped the underlying neural circuits. We show in a murine narcolepsy model that social reunification triggers cataplexy, and that an oxytocin antagonist blocks these socially induced episodes of muscle weakness. Chemo- and optogenetic manipulations reveal that cataplexy is driven by oxytocin receptor-expressing neurons of the central amygdala, which inhibit brainstem neurons that suppress muscle atonia. Remarkably, chocolate, a rewarding stimulus associated with strong, positive emotions also engages this oxytocin-amygdala circuit and triggers cataplexy in narcoleptic mice. This oxytocin pathway helps explain the triggering of cataplexy with social and other rewarding stimuli, and may provide a new opportunity to treat cataplexy.
Knowledge, willingness to support, and reasons for not supporting wives for cervical cancer screening in rural Dire Dawa administration, eastern Ethiopia: A qualitative study
Authors: Mohammed Aminu , Legesse Henok 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background: Husbands’ support is an important factor in spouses’ decisions to utilize reproductive health care services, including screening. Despite this, it is still poorly understood in the study area. Therefore, this study was aimed at exploring it, and this may help to fill the gap via interventions related to screening.
Methodology: A community-based phenomenological qualitative study was undertaken in the rural Dire Dawa administration, Ethiopia, from September 1 to October 30, 2022. Data was collected from purposively selected husbands via in-depth interviews using a semi-structured tool aided by a voice recorder and field notes. A thematic analysis done with an inductive approach goes through six steps: familiarization, coding, generating themes, reviewing themes, defining and naming themes, and writing up.
Results: Thematically, three main themes and sixteen sub-themes were identified, and in general, one-third of the husbands had knowledge of cervical cancer; however, aside from signs and symptoms, they lacked knowledge of the cause, risk factors, transmission, complications, cervical cancer treatment, screening, and other prevention methods. They each have different perceived reasons for not supporting their wives' screening.
Conclusion: Husbands lack knowledge of cervical cancer and their perceptions of the disease and screening are negative, and this is explored as being a major barrier to supporting wives’ cervical cancer screening. Therefore, it is recommended that information regarding cervical cancer and screening be disseminated not only to women but also to men, as well as conducting additional community-based research.
Individualized active surveillance for carbapenem-resistant microorganisms using Xpert Carba-R in intensive care units: A single center, before-after study
Authors: Zhou Shuliang , Mi Sulin , Rao Xin , Zhang Qi , Wei Shiwen , Xiao Meng , Peng Zhiyong , Wang Jing 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Carbapenem antibiotics are widely used in intensive care units (ICU), and the prevalence of carbapenem-resistant microorganisms (CRO) has increased, forming a major threat to inpatients that urgently requires improved surveillance. This study aimed to assess the role of individualized active surveillance of carbapenem resistance genes on CRO risk.
Methods
A total of 3,765 patients were admitted to the ICU of Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University between 2020 and 2022 (March 2020 to February 2021 in the first period and March 2021 to February 2022 in the second period). The presence of carbapenem resistance genes were monitored using Xpert Carba-R, and CRO incidence was assigned as the investigated outcome.
Results
Of 3,765 patients, 390 manifested the presence of CRO, representing a prevalence of 10.36%. Active surveillance was associated with a lower CRO risk (odds ratio [OR]: 0.77; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.62–0.95; P = 0.013), especially for carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter + carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (OR: 0.79; 95%CI: 0.62–0.99; P = 0.043), carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (OR: 0.56; 95%CI: 0.40–0.79; P = 0.001), and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (OR: 0.65; 95%CI: 0.47–0.90; P = 0.008). However, active surveillance was not associated with risk of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter (P = 0.140), carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P = 0.161), carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (except CRKP) (P = 0.259), or ICU stay (P = 0.743). Moreover, there were significant differences between positive and negative active surveillance in high-risk patients with a CRO-positive culture (P < 0.001) or microorganism-positive culture (P < 0.001), time between ICU admission and CRO positivity (P < 0.001), length of hospital stay before surveillance (P = 0.002), carbapenem antibiotic use in the 90 days before surveillance (P = 0.001), corticosteroid use in the 90 days prior to surveillance (P = 0.028), and surgery in the 90 days before surveillance (P = 0.003).
Conclusions
Individualized active surveillance using Xpert Carba-R may be associated with a reduction in the overall CRO incidence in the ICU, especially for carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter + carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae, and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae. Further prospective studies should be performed to verify these conclusions and guide further management of patients in the ICU.
Using the Global Criterion Method to Solve Multi- Objective Diet Problem
Authors: Hashim Karrar H. , Shiker Mushtak A. K. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Healthy diets that help the body maintain its full health is an important matter in our daily lives. Perhaps one of the most important diets that most people need is a low-fat diet, which is important in reducing the risk of heart disease, as well as important in losing weight and other health problems that Most people encounter. Therefore, in this paper, we presented a new multi-objective mathematical model of finding the lowest cost and lowest fat percentage for 19–50 year old females using some low fat foods. Where, the multi-objective linear system was transformed into a non-linear system with a single objective function by using the global criterion method, and then the non-linear system was solved by using the augmented lagrangian method as a tool to find the results that provide the least cost with the least fat percentage.
Desargues Theorem leads to Pappus Theorem and more
Authors: Myrianthis Konstantinos 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
At the beginning of the twentieth century, Hessenberg discovered that the Pappus Theorem implies Desargues Theorem. A number of relevant papers has been created ever since, among other work based on these cornerstones of geometry, always in the context of using Pappus Theorem to prove Desargues Theorem. In the present work, the opposite is attempted, based on a special version of Desargues Theorem which not only implies but actually is equivalent to Pappus Theorem, in a real projective plane.
Polyhydroxyalkanoates-based cast film as marine biodegradable packaging for fresh fruit and vegetables: manufacturing and characterization
Authors: Genovesi Annalisa , Aversa Clizia , Barletta Massimiliano 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The packaging sector is one of the main responsible of post-consumer plastic waste in the European Union. The increasing consumer pressure and the banning or limitation of some materials are pushing producers towards new solutions. Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) are a class of compostable bioplastics, easily degraded in composting facilities as well as on soil and aquatic environment. Three different blends of P(3HB)(3HH), poly-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate, and of P(3HB)(4HB), poly-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrrate are studied to achieve a thin film suitable for the manufacturing of films for food packaging. The compounds were produced by twin-screw extrusion and then processed by cast film extrusion. The properties of the films depend on the percentage of P(3HB)(4HB) of the blend, and confirmed the possibility of employing PHA-based films as packaging with low environmental footprint.
Inonotus obliquus upregulates muscle regeneration and augments function through muscle oxidative metabolism
Authors: Yu Chang-Lim , Lee Sang-Jin , Lee Jinwoo , Vuoung Tuan Anh , Lee Hye-Young , Jeong Se Yun , Alishir Akida , Walker Allison S. , Bae Gyu-Un , Kim Ki Hyun , Kang Jong-Sun 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

BackgroundSkeletal muscle wasting related to aging or pathological conditions is critically associated with the increased incidence and prevalence of secondary diseases including cardiovascular diseases, metabolic syndromes, and chronic inflammations. Much effort is made to develop agents to enhance muscle metabolism and function.Inonotus obliquus(I.obliquus; IO) is a mushroom popularly called chaga and has been widely employed as a folk medicine for inflammation, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and cancer in Eastern Europe and Asia. However, its effect in muscle health has not been explored.ObjectiveHere, we aimed to investigate the beneficial effect of IO extract in muscle regeneration and metabolism.MethodsThe effect ofI. obliquusextract was investigated on myogenesis and myotube atrophy models of C2C12 myoblasts and muscle regeneration model of mice. The muscle stem cell proliferation and regeneration post muscle injury were employed to further confirm the effect ofI. obliquus. The underlying mechanism ofI. obliquuswas also investigated by the mitochondrial content and oxidative muscle metabolism as well as the activation of AKT and PGC-1α expression.ResultsThe treatment of IO in C2C12 myoblasts led to increased myogenic differentiation and alleviation of dexamethasone-induced myotube atrophy. Network pharmacological analysis using the identified specific chemical constituents of IO extracts predicted protein kinase B (AKT)-dependent mechanisms to promote myogenesis and muscle regeneration. Consistently, IO treatment resulted in the activation of AKT, which suppressed muscle-specific ubiquitin E3 ligases induced by dexamethasone. IO treatment in mice improved the regeneration of cardiotoxin-injured muscles accompanied by elevated proliferation and differentiation of muscle stem cells. Furthermore, it elevated the mitochondrial content and muscle oxidative metabolism accompanied by the induction of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator α (PGC-1α).ConclusionsOur current data suggest thatI. obliquusis a promising natural agent in enhancing muscle regenerative capacity and oxidative metabolism thereby preventing muscle wasting.
Global existence and stability results of a nonlinear swelling soil system with nonlinear source terms of variable exponent types
Authors: Al-Mahdi Adel M. , Al-Gharabli Mohammed M. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We consider a swelling porous-elastic system with two frictional damping and source terms. Those frictional damping and source terms are nonlinear and of variable exponents type. First, we prove that the system has a global solution by using the potential wells method. Then, we establish polynomial and exponential decay rates for the energy of the system by using the Multiplier method. All the existence and stability results are obtained under a natural condition on the parameters of the system and the variable exponents. We discuss our stability results based on the coefficients of the frictional damping terms and the strongest nonlinearity of the variable exponents.
AMS Subject Classifiations: 93D20; 93D23; 35B40; 74F05.
Development of efficient embryo-derived regeneration system and optimization of genetic transformation in cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.)
Authors: Sapara Komal K , Jani Mansi , Dharajiya Darshan , Patel Fenil , Patel Amrut K , Joshi Chaitanya 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Cumin is an important spice crop with high agronomic and economic importance. A direct regeneration system using embryogenic explants in cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) was established to develop a highly efficient transformation system. Cumin embryos were utilized as an explant which shows higher regeneration efficiency on Gamborg’s B5 media supplemented with 2.0 µM BA+ 0.5 µM NAA. Transformation of pSIM24-eGFP plasmid in cumin was carried out through Agrobacterium tumefaciens EHA 105 and gene gun method. The transgenic explants were confirmed for GFP (green fluorescent protein) gene integration through PCR analysis. The Agrobacterium-mediated transformed explants showed higher regeneration and transformation efficiency with 0.5 OD600 of cell density and 24 hr of co-cultivation compared to 0.4 OD600 with 24 hr, 48 hr, and 72 hr co-cultivation time and 0.5 OD600 with 48 hr and 72 hr co-cultivation time. It was further confirmed by GFP expression analysis through real-time PCR. Gene gun-mediated transformed explants were cultured on different osmolytes (mannitol, sorbitol, and sucrose) containing media to reduce bombardment stress on explants. Compared to mannitol and sucrose-containing media, transformed explants cultured on sorbitol-containing media showed higher rates of regeneration and transformation. These results were further confirmed by real-time PCR analysis as prominent GFP expression was found in explants cultured on sorbitol-containing media compared to other osmolytes containing media. In the current study, we have developed an efficient transformation system with higher gene expression and regeneration efficiency.
Environmentally benign preparation of copper oxide nanoparticles and its potential biological and photocatalytic activities
Authors: Kumar M A Pavan , Suresh D. , Sneharani A. H. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The study reports environment friendly facile preparation of multi-functional CuO nanoparticles using Kiwi fruit juice and assesses its photocatalytic and a variety of biological activities. The PXRD pattern demonstrates that the nanoparticles are members of the pure monoclinic structure with particles having sizes from 8 to 10 nm. They were found to exhibit a porous and sponge-like morphology with almost spherical shape, as seen by TEM and SEM pictures. The peak centered at 608 cm− 1 was caused by stretching of Cu-O in FTIR spectrum. The nanoparticles found to possess high photocatalytic degradation activity towards model dye such as methylene blue. The nanoparticles exhibit various potential biological activities. It efficiently suppresses the 1,1-Dipheny-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical activity. It has antibacterial efficacy against pathogenic bacterial strains such as Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus. CuO-Nanoparticles were investigated for anti-diabetic activity, and they demonstrated excellent α-glucosidase (IC50 of 183 µg/ml) and α-amylase (IC50 of 124 µg/ml) inhibition effects. The MTT test was used to examine the cytotoxicity of CuO Nps on the HeLa cell line, which showed dose-dependent activity with IC50 value of 303 µg/ml, which indicate that they were significantly cytotoxic. Copper oxide nanoparticles improved platelet aggregation and plasma coagulation without exhibiting hemolytic activity. This study demonstrates a quick, simple, low-cost, facile, environmentally benign green synthetic approach for large-scale synthesis of multifunctional CuO nanoparticles.