bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aktuelle Herausforderungen der Elektromobilität
Authors: Heimes Heiner Hans , Kampker Achim , Dorn Benjamin , Offermanns Christian , Brans Florian 
Published: September 2023

ZusammenfassungAnders als bei der generellen Skepsis, ob Elektromobilität jemals eine Rolle im (inter-)nationalen Automarkt spielen wird, sind aktuelle Herausforderungen für die E-Mobilität immer konkreter Natur. Die wichtigen Treiber – Kosten, technologische Hürden sowie produktionstechnische Fragestellungen – werden folglich nicht mehr als potenzielle Ausschlusskriterien betrachtet, sondern als Stellhebel für eine Verbesserung der Marktpenetration im klassischen Zielkorridor „Qualität, Zeit und Kosten“. Technologische Hindernisse und unsichere Technologieentwicklungen spiegeln nach wie vor die Komplexität der Elektromobilität wider und sind sowohl auf Komponenten- als auch auf Gesamtfahrzeugebene äußerst vielschichtig. Vor allem im produktionstechnischen Kontext trägt dies potenziell zu einem Wandel der OEM- und Zuliefererindustrie bei – beziehungsweise zu einer Veränderung der Wertschöpfungsstruktur, die sich im Markt der Verbrennungsmotor-Fahrzeuge etabliert hat. Auf der Kostenseite wird eine Pareto-Situation zwischen den konventionellen und den elektrifizierten Antriebstopologien angestrebt – und teilweise schon erreicht. Auf der Reduktion der Kosten – insbesondere im Bereich des Hochvoltspeichers – liegt immer noch das Hauptaugenmerk der branchenübergreifenden Bemühungen zur nachhaltigen Festigung der Elektromobilität auf dem Weltmarkt.
Das elektromobile Wertschöpfungssystem
Authors: Kasperk Garnet , Fluchs Sarah , Hausmann Julius 
Published: September 2023

ZusammenfassungDie für ein Angebot von Elektromobilität notwendige Zusammenführung der fahrzeug- und der energiebezogenen Wertschöpfung löst die klar definierten Grenzen der industriebasierten Geschäftsmodelle zunehmend auf. Während die Produktion der Fahrzeuge sowie die Stromerzeugung und die netzbasierte Verteilung in bekannten oder nur angepassten Wertschöpfungsstrukturen stattfindet, verändern informationstechnologische Innovationen und datenbasierte Geschäftsmodelle die kundenorientierten Upstream-Wertschöpfungsschritte. Etablierte und neue Anbieter der Automobilindustrie, Unternehmen der Energiebranche sowie mobilitäts- und informationstechnologisch orientierte Start-up-Betriebe konkurrieren um einen mobilitätsorientierten Wertschöpfungsanteil, der künftig den wachstumsstärksten Bereich des Wertschöpfungssystems ausmacht (vgl. Abb. 32.1).
Formen der Elektromobilität
Authors: Heimes Heiner Hans , Kampker Achim , Offermanns Christian , Sasse Konstantin , Gorsch Jonas , Frieges Moritz 
Published: September 2023

ZusammenfassungElektromobilität ist mehr als ein mittels Batterie angetriebenes Fahrzeug. Elektromobilität bedeutet im engeren Sinne zunächst eine elektrisch angetriebene Fortbewegung, unabhängig von der konkreten Wahl eines Verkehrsmittels und der gewählten Form der Energiespeicherung. Dementsprechend wird mit diesem Begriff die gesamte Bandbreite von „Last-Mile“-Unterstützungen im Individualverkehr etwa mit Elektrorollern (Scooter) bis hin zu großen Transportsystemen für Personen und Güter wie Lastkraftwagen oder Züge abgedeckt.
Self-dual black holes in celestial holography
Authors: Crawley Erin , Guevara Alfredo , Himwich Elizabeth , Strominger Andrew 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We construct two-dimensional quantum states associated to four-dimensional linearized rotating self-dual black holes in (2, 2) signature Klein space. The states are comprised of global conformal primaries circulating on the celestial torus, the Kleinian analog of the celestial sphere. By introducing a generalized tower of Goldstone operators we identify the states as coherent exponentiations carrying an infinite tower of w1+∞ charges or soft hair. We relate our results to recent approaches to black hole scattering, including a connection to Wilson lines, $$ \mathcal{S} $$
S
-matrix results, and celestial holography in curved backgrounds.
On Stability Estimates for the Inviscid Boussinesq Equations
Authors: Zillinger Christian 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe consider the (in)stability problem of the inviscid 2D Boussinesq equations near a combination of a shear flow $$v=(y,0)$$

v
=
(
y
,
0
)

and a stratified temperature $$\theta =\alpha y$$

θ
=
α
y

with $$\alpha >\frac{1}{4}$$

α
>

1
4

. We show that for any $$\epsilon >0$$

ϵ
>
0

there exist non-trivial explicit solutions, which are initially perturbations of size $$\epsilon $$
ϵ
, and grow to size 1 on a time scale $$\epsilon ^{-2}$$

ϵ

-
2

. Moreover, the (simplified) linearized problem around these non-trivial states exhibits improved upper bounds on the possible size of norm inflation for frequencies larger and smaller than $$\epsilon ^{-4}$$

ϵ

-
4

.
Consultation on UTUC II Stockholm 2022: diagnostic and prognostic methods—what’s around the corner?
Authors: Grahn Alexandra , Coleman Jonathan A. , Eriksson Ylva , Gabrielsson Susanne , Madsen Jonna Skov , Tham Emma , Thomas Kay , Turney Ben , Uhlén Per , Vollmer Tino , Zieger Karsten , Osther Palle Jörn Sloth , Brehmer Marianne 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To map current literature and provide an overview of upcoming future diagnostic and prognostic methods for upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC), including translational medical science.

Methods
A scoping review approach was applied to search the literature. Based on the published literature, and the experts own experience and opinions consensus was reached through discussions at the meeting Consultation on UTUC II in Stockholm, September 2022.

Results
The gene mutational profile of UTUC correlates with stage, grade, prognosis, and response to different therapeutic strategies. Analysis of pathway proteins downstream of known pathogenic mutations might be an alternative approach.
Liquid biopsies of cell-free DNA may detect UTUC with a higher sensitivity and specificity than urinary cytology. Extracellular vesicles from tumour cells can be detected in urine and may be used to identify the location of the urothelial carcinoma in the urinary tract. 3D microscopy of UTUC samples may add information in the analysis of tumour stage. Chemokines and chemokine receptors were linked to overall survival and responsiveness to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in muscle-invasive bladder cancer, which is potentially also of interest in UTUC.

Conclusion
Current diagnostic methods for UTUC have shortcomings, especially concerning prognostication, which is important for personalized treatment decisions. There are several upcoming methods that may be of interest for UTUC. Most have been studied for urothelial carcinoma of the bladder, and it is important to keep in mind that UTUC is a different entity and not all methods are adaptable or applicable to UTUC.
Tagungsbericht zur Veranstaltung ,,Disease Interception als Chance und Herausforderung‘‘
Authors: Wiese Lara 
Published: September 2023

ZusammenfassungAm 7.6.2023 fand an der Ruhr-Universität Bochum (RUB) eine vom Institut für Sozial- und
Gesundheitsrecht (ISGR) ausgerichtete Abschlussveranstaltung zum dort angesiedelten juristisch-medizinischen
Forschungsprojekt ,,Disease Interception als Chance und Herausforderung – Eine juristische Untersuchung
unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des Leistungsrechts sowie der Implikation von Digitalisierung, Künstlicher
Intelligenz und Big Data‘‘ statt. Das Konzept Disease Interception (DI) sieht vor, krankheitsassoziierte
Prozesse frühzeitig (v.a. mithilfe von Biomarkern) zu erkennen und noch vor dem Krankheitsausbruch
therapeutisch zu intervenieren, wodurch es Elemente der Prävention und Kuration vereint.
Nichtmedikamentöse Therapiemaßnahmen, Rehabilitationsleistungen und Mitgliedschaft in Selbsthilfeorganisationen bei axialer Spondyloarthritis (Die ATTENTUS axSpA-Studie)
Authors: Meyer-Olson D. , Hoeper K. , Hammel L. , Lieb S. , Haehle A. , Kiltz U. 
Published: September 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die Behandlung der axialen Spondyloarthritis (axSpA) umfasst neben medikamentösen Therapiemaßnahmen (MTM) auch nichtmedikamentöse Therapiemaßnahmen (NMTM) sowie unterstützende Ressourcen wie rehabilitationsmedizinische Therapieleistungen (RTL) und die Mitgliedschaft in Selbsthilfeorganisationen (SHO). Trotzdem bestehen deutliche Teilhabeeinschränkungen bei Patient*innen mit axSpA in Deutschland.

Ziel der Arbeit/Fragestellung
Untersuchung der Funktions- und Teilhabeeinschränkungen und Nutzung von MTM, NMTM, RTL und SHO bei Patient*innen mit axSpA.

Material und Methoden
Multizentrische, deutschlandweite Beobachtungsstudie von 770 axSpA-Patient*innen (ATTENTUS-axSpA).

Ergebnisse
Es bestehen deutliche Funktions- und Teilhabeeinschränkungen bei den axSpA-Patient*innen; 39 % erhielten keine Therapie mit biologischen krankheitsmodifizierenden Medikamenten (bDMARDs). Bei den NMTM wurden bewegungstherapeutische Maßnahmen bei 54 % weniger als 1‑mal die Woche und bei 29 % 1‑mal pro Woche verordnet. Eine regelmäßige Bewegung führten 86 % der Patient*innen durch, hauptsächlich in Form häuslicher Übungen. Training im Fitnessstudio (14 %) oder Vereinssport (7 %) wurden seltener ausgeführt. Eine RTL erhielten 54 % der Patient*innen, und bei etwa einem Drittel lag die letzte RTL über 5 Jahre zurück. Es waren 13 % Mitglieder in einer SHO. In dieser Gruppe fand sich eine signifikant höhere Inanspruchnahme von NMTM und RTL.

Diskussion
Verfügbare Behandlungsoptionen und Ressourcen werden von axSpA-Patient*innen häufig in geringem Maß und/oder in niedriger Intensität genutzt, welches eine mögliche Erklärung für persistierende Teilhabeeinschränkungen sein könnte. Wir beobachteten eine verstärkte Inanspruchnahme von NMTM und RTL bei Mitgliedschaft in einer SHO.
Chancen und Herausforderungen bei der Gestaltung klimaresistenter dichter städtischer Gebiete mit Blaugrüner Infrastruktur
Authors: Back Yannick , Kleidorfer Manfred 
Published: September 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Auswirkungen des Klimawandels beeinträchtigen die Lebensqualität in den Städten und stellen eine Bedrohung für die Stadtbewohner:innen dar. Räumlich geplante und verwaltete Anpassungsmaßnahmen wie multifunktionale Blaugrüne Infrastrukturen sind in der Lage, steigenden Temperaturen und häufigeren und extremeren Hitzewellen und Niederschlagsereignissen entgegenzuwirken. Damit jedoch insbesondere die grüne Infrastruktur die Verdunstungskühlung zur Minderung der Temperaturen aufrechterhalten kann muss sie ausreichend mit Wasser versorgt werden. Dies gestaltet sich, in Anbetracht länger anhaltender Trockenperioden, immer schwieriger, weshalb auf lange Sicht neue innovative Lösungsansätze ausgearbeitet werden müssen. Auf Basis eines Modellierungsansatzes zur Analyse kleinräumiger Land-Atmosphären-Interaktionen und Messungen vor Ort, zeigen wir die Auswirkungen unterschiedlicher Oberflächengestaltungsmöglichkeiten auf die lokale Wasser- und Energiebilanz an der Oberfläche. Die Erfahrungen aus zwei konkreten Platzumgestaltungen in Innsbruck (Österreich) aus den Projekten cool-INN (abgeschlossen) und COOLYMP (laufend) zeigen, dass integrale Planung Blaugrüner Infrastruktur aus grauen Plätzen in Städten, selbst wenn sie mit einer Tiefgarage unterbaut sind, eine generationenübergreifende Wohlfühloase machen kann. Damit jedoch ein Übergang von klimafitten zur klimaresistenten Platzumgestaltung, und in weiterer Folge zur klimaresistenten Stadtplanung, gelingen kann, ist ein strategisches und nachhaltiges Wassermanagement erforderlich, das für eine ausreichende Wasserverfügbarkeit zur Unterstützung der ökologischen Systeme und Aufrechterhaltung des Kühleffekts, sorgt.
Molecular mechanism of the anti-inflammatory and skin protective effects of Syzygium formosum in human skin keratinocytes
Authors: Lee Seung Hoon , Lee Nan-Young , Choi Seung-Hyeon , Oh Cheong-Hae , Won Gun-Woo , Bhatta Mahesh Prakash , Moon Ji Hyun , Lee Chang-gyu , Kim Jong Hun , Park Jong-ll , Park Jong-Tae 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIrradiation injury, especially caused by UVB, of the skin is one of the critical reasons for skin inflammation and damage. The present study aimed to explore the protective effect of Syzygium formosum leafy extract (SFLE) and its mechanism of action against UVB-induced damages of human keratinocytes. In this study, SFLE was prepared from 100 kg dried leaves using industrial-scale processes. We found that SFLE markedly reduced markers of the skin inflammation in UVB-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines. Only 2 μg/mL of SFLE exhibited significantly stronger anti-inflammatory effects than the fivefold concentration of positive control. Intriguingly, an anti-inflammatory enzyme, heme oxygenase-1 expression was significantly induced by SFLE treatment. MMP-3 and -9 were, but not MMP-1, significantly reduced. SFLE inhibited the expression of the MAPK pathway, resulting in a decrease on UVB-induced reactive oxygen species. In conclusion, SFLE can potentially be used to treat skin inflammatory diseases.
The Development of Cognitive Load Theory: Replication Crises and Incorporation of Other Theories Can Lead to Theory Expansion
Authors: Sweller John 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCognitive load theory has been in development since the 1980s. Much of the impetus for that development has come from firstly, replication failures using randomised controlled trials and secondly, from the incorporation of other theories into cognitive load theory. Both have led to theory expansion. The immediate cause of the so-called “replication crisis” in psychology and other disciplines is a failure to replicate previous empirical findings. Using cognitive load theory as an example, I argue that the appearance of contradictory evidence does not necessarily derive from a failure to properly collect data. Rather, it can be caused by initially insufficiently detailed theories, with increasing detail often revealing the reason for a failure to replicate. For cognitive load theory, each failure to replicate, rather than being a negative, contributed to the further development of the theory. In addition, the theory has developed over many years by closely incorporating other theories associated with human cognitive architecture and evolutionary psychology. In this paper, I discuss some of the developmental milestones associated with cognitive load theory and how they were informed by replication failures and theory integration.
Climate change in the Sidama region, Ethiopia: linking perceptions and adaptation
Authors: Ewalo Woldemichael , Vedeld Pål 
Published: September 2023

AbstractClimate change is expected to have serious socioeconomic impacts on smallholder agriculture, but overall impacts will also depend on the extent of household adaptation to climate change. This study investigates household-level factors that may help describe and explain perceptions about climate change and examine how these perceptions influence choices related to specific land-use adoption strategies. Logistic regressions were applied to address these objectives. Cross-sectional survey data were derived from 315 randomly selected smallholder mixed farmers in Ethiopia. The results indicate that a significant number of farmers believe that temperatures have increased over the last 10–20 years and that precipitation has declined. Education, agroecological settings, and social capital significantly influenced perceptions of increased temperature. Gender, distance, access to climate change information, and social capital significantly influenced perceptions of reduced rainfall. The odds of decisions to adopt specific land-use adaptation measures to climate change are significantly influenced by perceived changes in rainfall and temperature but also by social, human, and natural capital access. Adoption is also linked to gender, distance to markets, access to climate change information, and farm location. Thus, rural interventions aimed at addressing more general agricultural adaptation to climate change should account for these factors.
Long-term adjustment of phytoplankton structure to environmental traits at timescales during lifetime development and over generations
Authors: Dokulil Martin T. , Teubner Katrin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractLong-term ecological research of deep Lake Mondsee covers over more than six decades of phytoplankton observation. According to our study, phytoplankton groups of various phenological traits are suitable to address the impact of two major environmental stressors: nutrient surplus by eutrophication from 1968 to 1998 and warming by climate change. Here, we focus on phytoplankton biovolume, phytoplankton assemblage structure, net changes rates, and phytoplankton biodiversity. Biweekly net change-dependent persistence of phytoplankton assemblages followed a dome-shaped relationship of observations. A short-term persistence of taxonomic traits along weeks is predominant and contributes to the structural stabilization of phytoplankton assemblages. This short-term persistence is interpreted by the benefit of lifetime adjustment of phytoplankton organisms. The long-term development phytoplankton structure is discussed as an alignment of organisms over generations. Single key taxa, as Planktothrix rubescens (De Candolle ex Gomont) Anagnostidis &Komárek 1988, which are omnipotent players in phytoplankton assemblages and occur during different environmental scenarios in the long-term, are most suitable for long-term ecological research. Our findings interpret that phytoplankton taxa are excellent organisms to track the impact of environmental constraints due to their short generation time (1), their lifetime adjustment (2), and the re-occurrence in the long-term over generations (3).
Exploring the Process of Technology Socialization (TS) in the Family: ICT Adoption for Middle-aged Parents with the Influence of Adult Children
Authors: Tang Zhewen , Shah Mahmood , Jamal Arshad 
Published: September 2023

AbstractFamily is an important socialization environment for adopting information and communication technologies (ICTs). However, while existing information systems research focuses on individual factors that influence digital inequity, it tends to ignore the influence of relational/collective factors on individuals’ ICT adoption. Drawing on technology adoption, socialization, and social identity theories, this study focuses on the process of technology socialization of ICT adoption for middle-aged parents with the influence of their adult children in Chinese families. Through in-depth interviews with thematic analysis, we identify three mechanisms in the family, including creating a family shared environment, negotiating a family ICT identity and interplay, and generating digital differentiation. These findings contribute to a technology socialization framework, addressing how individuals can become digitally savvy with the influence of the socialization agents in the family. The findings have implications for ICT firms and policy makers to promote the family shared environment as a vehicle for achieving social wellbeing and digital upskilling of middle-aged adults.
Biorefinery as a tool to obtain multiple seaweed extracts for cosmetic applications
Authors: Meirelles Bruna , Pagels Fernando , Sousa-Pinto Isabel , Guedes A. Catarina 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSeaweeds have been identified as a valuable source of natural ingredients and their use in cosmetics is being studied increasingly. This work sought to understand the possible uses of three species of brown algae present along the Portuguese coast: Bifurcaria bifurcata, Saccorhiza polyschides and Fucus spiralis. Considering the idea of more sustainable use of resources, two extracts (water (W) and ethanol (E)) and two fractions (polysaccharides (P) and residues (R)) were obtained employing a biorefinery process. The extracts and fractions were evaluated in terms of antioxidant capacity (ABTS•+, DPPH•, •NO, O2•− and FRAP assays), anti-hyperpigmentation capacity (tyrosinase inhibition), and evaluated in terms of biocompounds (phenolic compounds and pigment content). The biochemical analysis revealed that F. spiralis contain more lipids and carbohydrates than the other species, while S. polyschides has more proteins and ashes. Fucus spiralis showed the most promising results, regarding the antioxidant assays, tyrosinase inhibition, highest phenolic compound concentration, total chlorophylls and total carotenoids. In a biorefinery concept, F. spiralis from the autumn season would be the most promising candidate as all extracts and fractions have potential commercial value. Bifurcaria bifurcata also has its merits in antioxidant activities and the content of phenolic compounds.
An Online Survey of Australian Medical Students’ Perspectives on Spiritual History Taking and Spiritual Care
Authors: Wenham John , Best Megan , Kissane David W. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIt is reported that little spiritual care communication skills training occurs in Australian medical schools. This survey explored the experience of final year students in this domain in order to inform the construction of a new curriculum. Medical students in their final year at four Australian medical schools were invited to participate in an online survey, which included questions about demographic details, exposure to spiritual history taking, perceived learning needs, and the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Spiritual Well-being 12 item Non-Illness score. Two-hundred and sixty students from a cohort of 766 responded (34%). One in nine students had witnessed spiritual history taking, and one in ten students had been given the opportunity to do so. Barriers and enablers were identified. Two-thirds of the students reported no recollection of any training in spiritual care. When it did occur, it was limited in scope and structure. Final year medical students recognise that spiritual care deserves a place in the modern, broad-based medical school curriculum. This supports the argument for inclusion of spiritual care training as part of all medical student curricula in Australia.
Subspace Adaptation Prior for Few-Shot Learning
Authors: Huisman Mike , Plaat Aske , van Rijn Jan N. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractGradient-based meta-learning techniques aim to distill useful prior knowledge from a set of training tasks such that new tasks can be learned more efficiently with gradient descent. While these methods have achieved successes in various scenarios, they commonly adapt all parameters of trainable layers when learning new tasks. This neglects potentially more efficient learning strategies for a given task distribution and may be susceptible to overfitting, especially in few-shot learning where tasks must be learned from a limited number of examples. To address these issues, we propose Subspace Adaptation Prior (SAP), a novel gradient-based meta-learning algorithm that jointly learns good initialization parameters (prior knowledge) and layer-wise parameter subspaces in the form of operation subsets that should be adaptable. In this way, SAP can learn which operation subsets to adjust with gradient descent based on the underlying task distribution, simultaneously decreasing the risk of overfitting when learning new tasks. We demonstrate that this ability is helpful as SAP yields superior or competitive performance in few-shot image classification settings (gains between 0.1% and 3.9% in accuracy). Analysis of the learned subspaces demonstrates that low-dimensional operations often yield high activation strengths, indicating that they may be important for achieving good few-shot learning performance. For reproducibility purposes, we publish all our research code publicly.