bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
External Controls: Policing Entries, Enforcing Exits
Authors: Landini Irene , Sciortino Giuseppe 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn this chapter, we provide an empirical critique of the conceptual frame of debates on convergence and divergence among EU states regarding migration policies. The key assumption underlying such debates is that EU states are essentially independent units, with their own admission and control challenges. We suggest, on the contrary, that migration control policies in Western European states should be considered as an interdependent, yet politically segmented, system.We test this view by analysing two migration policy fields widely different in terms of history and development, i.e., visa and return policy. With regard to visa policies, the systematic configuration emerges clearly. We show that, over time, the original Northern model of visa controls has become the widely accepted normative model across all European states today, formalised in the New Common Visa Code. Existing differences between North and South Europe have to be read in light of this generally homogenous background. On the contrary, policy harmonization and cooperation in return policies and practices have always remained low. We do not observe, however, evidence of a North-South cleavage. Interestingly, a process that we could define as “converge” is at play, since all EU states have shown to be largely ineffective in removing unauthorised TCNs from their territories.
Differently Similar: The Quest for Migration Control in the Netherlands and Spain
Authors: Echeverría Gabriel 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn relation to migration controls, the perceptions of the public opinion, but also the accounts of a good part of the specialized literature in this field, have often portraited the Netherlands and Spain as opposite examples. The Northern European country has been imagined as a paradigmatic case of strong control enforcement, while the Southern as one of weak control measures. Because of this type of analysis, a more general idea of a North/South divide, which sums up in a dichotomic picture the different approaches to migration in the continent, has become the hegemonic interpretative framework. However, whereas dichotomic pictures may be of help when the goal is to produce clear-cut and simple representations (or political and moral judgements), they are invariably misguiding when the goal is to understand reality. Migration policies and their enforcement are neither clear-cut, nor simple. Countries display in this field a very dynamic and fragmented conduct that may generate at times convergences or divergences with the others. This chapter will focus on internal control policies in the Netherlands and Spain. The analysis will show an ambiguous reality, complex enough to escape a dichotomist description in terms of opposites.
Boundaries in free higher derivative conformal field theories
Authors: Chalabi Adam , Herzog Christopher P. , Ray Krishnendu , Robinson Brandon , Sisti Jacopo , Stergiou Andreas 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We consider free higher derivative theories of scalars and Dirac fermions in the presence of a boundary in general dimension. We establish a method for finding consistent conformal boundary conditions in these theories by removing certain boundary primaries from the spectrum. A rich set of renormalization group flows between various conformal boundary conditions is revealed, triggered by deformations quadratic in the boundary primaries. We compute the free energy of these theories on a hemisphere, and show that the boundary a-theorem is generally violated along boundary flows as a consequence of bulk non-unitarity. We further characterize the boundary theory by computing the two-point function of the displacement operator.
Free energy on the sphere for non-abelian gauge theories
Authors: De Cesare Fabiana , Di Pietro Lorenzo , Serone Marco 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We compute the Sd partition function of the fixed point of non-abelian gauge theories in continuous d, using the ϵ-expansion around d = 4. We illustrate in detail the technical aspects of the calculation, including all the factors arising from the gauge-fixing procedure, and the method to deal with the zero-modes of the ghosts. We obtain the result up to NLO, i.e. including two-loop vacuum diagrams. Depending on the sign of the one-loop beta function, there is a fixed point with real gauge coupling in d > 4 or d < 4. In the first case we extrapolate to d = 5 to test a recently proposed construction of the UV fixed point of 5d SU(2) Yang-Mills via a susy-breaking deformation of the E1 SCFT. We find that the F theorem allows the proposed RG flow. In the second case we extrapolate to d = 3 to test whether QCD3 with gauge group SU(nc) and nf fundamental matter fields flows to a CFT or to a symmetry-breaking case. We find that within the regime with a real gauge coupling near d = 4 the CFT phase is always favored. For lower values of nf we compare the average of F between the two complex fixed points with its value at the symmetry-breaking phase to give an upper bound of the critical value $$ {n}_f^{\ast } $$

n
f
∗

below which the symmetry-breaking phase takes over.
Isomorphisms of $${\mathcal {C}}(K, E)$$ Spaces and Height of K
Authors: Rondoš Jakub , Somaglia Jacopo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractLet $$K_1$$

K
1

, $$K_2$$

K
2

be compact Hausdorff spaces and $$E_1, E_2$$

E
1

,

E
2

be Banach spaces not containing a copy of $$c_0$$

c
0

. We establish lower estimates of the Banach–Mazur distance between the spaces of continuous functions $${\mathcal {C}}(K_1, E_1)$$

C
(

K
1

,

E
1

)

and $${\mathcal {C}}(K_2, E_2)$$

C
(

K
2

,

E
2

)

based on the ordinals $$ht(K_1)$$

h
t
(

K
1

)

, $$ht(K_2)$$

h
t
(

K
2

)

, which are new even for the case of spaces of real-valued functions on ordinal intervals. As a corollary we deduce that $${\mathcal {C}}(K_1, E_1)$$

C
(

K
1

,

E
1

)

and $${\mathcal {C}}(K_2, E_2)$$

C
(

K
2

,

E
2

)

are not isomorphic if $$ht(K_1)$$

h
t
(

K
1

)

is substantially different from $$ht(K_2)$$

h
t
(

K
2

)

.
ALS is imprinted in the chromatin accessibility of blood cells
Authors: Kühlwein Julia K. , Ruf Wolfgang P. , Kandler Katharina , Witzel Simon , Lang Christina , Mulaw Medhanie A. , Ekici Arif B. , Weishaupt Jochen H. , Ludolph Albert C. , Grozdanov Veselin , Danzer Karin M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAmyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a complex and incurable neurodegenerative disorder in which genetic and epigenetic factors contribute to the pathogenesis of all forms of ALS. The interplay of genetic predisposition and environmental footprints generates epigenetic signatures in the cells of affected tissues, which then alter transcriptional programs. Epigenetic modifications that arise from genetic predisposition and systemic environmental footprints should in theory be detectable not only in affected CNS tissue but also in the periphery. Here, we identify an ALS-associated epigenetic signature (‘epiChromALS’) by chromatin accessibility analysis of blood cells of ALS patients. In contrast to the blood transcriptome signature, epiChromALS includes also genes that are not expressed in blood cells; it is enriched in CNS neuronal pathways and it is present in the ALS motor cortex. By combining simultaneous ATAC-seq and RNA-seq with single-cell sequencing in PBMCs and motor cortex from ALS patients, we demonstrate that epigenetic changes associated with the neurodegenerative disease can be found in the periphery, thus strongly suggesting a mechanistic link between the epigenetic regulation and disease pathogenesis.
Integer Algorithm: A Useful Tool for Fault Diagnosis of Analog Circuits
Authors: Tadeusiewicz Michał , Hałgas Stanisław 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis paper presents an efficient numerical method to solve systems of nonlinear algebraic equations. The method uses a homotopy simplicial approach associated with an integer algorithm. The integer algorithm is discussed in detail and supplemented with original procedures that play an essential role during computation. The fundamental problem of initial simplex generation was solved using the bounded variable simplex optimization method. Efficient root finding of nonlinear equations has wide applications in numerical mathematics and various engineering problems. The proposed method was applied to solve nonlinear equations that arise during the diagnostics of multiple parametric faults in electronic circuits. Circuits made with surface mount technology were considered, as well as circuits designed in complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor and bipolar technology. A universal diagnostic procedure enables testing different circuit classes using standard measurement equipment. Laboratory and numerical experiments demonstrate that the proposed diagnostic procedure is effective.
Machinability of nickel-titanium shape memory alloys under dry and chilled air cutting conditions
Authors: Zailani Zainal Abidin , Mativenga Paul Tarisai 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Nickel-titanium (NiTi) shape memory alloys (SMAs) undergo phase transformation between austenitic and martensitic phases in response to applied thermal or mechanical stress, resulting in unique properties and applications. However, machinability often becomes challenging due to property and temperature sensitivity attributes. The use of chilled air to influence machinability in macro-milling was investigated in this study. Other than that, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was used to determine the temperature of phase transformation. The results showed that milling with chilled air and minimal lubrication significantly improved machining performance by reducing tool wear and burr formation. Moreover, surface quality has also improved significantly. A notable discovery is that the machining process can change the critical conditions for phase transition, enabling new performance capability of tuning material hysteresis.
Humeral shaft fracture: systematic review of non-operative and operative treatment
Authors: Van Bergen Saskia H. , Mahabier Kiran C. , Van Lieshout Esther M. M. , Van der Torre Tim , Notenboom Cornelia A. W. , Jawahier Priscilla A. , Verhofstad Michael H. J. , Den Hartog Dennis 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Humeral shaft fractures can be treated non-operatively or operatively. The optimal management is subject to debate. The aim was
to compare non-operative and operative treatment of a humeral shaft fracture in terms of fracture healing, complications, and functional outcome.

Methods
Databases of Embase, Medline ALL, Web-of-Science Core Collection, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) were systematically searched for publications reporting clinical and functional outcomes of humeral shaft fractures after non-operative treatment with a functional brace or operative treatment by intramedullary nailing (IMN; antegrade or retrograde) or plate osteosynthesis (open plating or minimally invasive). A pooled analysis of the results was performed using MedCalc.

Results
A total of 173 studies, describing 11,868 patients, were included. The fracture healing rate for the non-operative group was 89% (95% confidence interval (CI) 84–92%), 94% (95% CI 92–95%) for the IMN group and 96% (95% CI 95–97%) for the plating group. The rate of secondary radial nerve palsies was 1% in patients treated non-operatively, 3% in the IMN, and 6% in the plating group. Intraoperative complications and implant failures occurred more frequently in the IMN group than in the plating group. The DASH score was the lowest (7/100; 95% CI 1–13) in the minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis group. The Constant–Murley and UCLA shoulder score were the highest [93/100 (95% CI 92–95) and 33/35 (95% CI 32–33), respectively] in the plating group.

Conclusion
This study suggests that even though all treatment modalities result in satisfactory outcomes, operative treatment is associated with the most favorable results. Disregarding secondary radial nerve palsy, specifically plate osteosynthesis seems to result in the highest fracture healing rates, least complications, and best functional outcomes compared with the other treatment modalities.
First helminthological data on the Iberian adder, Vipera seoanei
Authors: Roca V. , Gómez-Ramírez F. , Espasandín I. , Megía-Palma R. , Perera A. , Martínez-Freiría F. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe helminth fauna present in the gut contents of Iberian adders, Vipera seoanei (Squamata: Viperidae), were characterised and analysed in respect to biological and eco-geographic factors that may affect the occurrence and diversity of helminths in this species. A total of 317 samples of preserved stomachs and intestines, covering the distributional range of V. seoanei, were examined. Similar to other Vipera species from the Iberian Peninsula, the helminth fauna was also impoverished in V. seoanei, but unlike other Vipera species from Central and East Europe, helminths were mostly found in adult vipers, and occurred in vipers located at the periphery of the species range, characterised by low elevation, high temperature and precipitation levels, and abundant pastures.
ST36 acupoint injection with anisodamine for postoperative nausea and vomiting in female patients after bariatric surgery: a prospective, randomized controlled trial
Authors: Xue Qi , Xing Qijing , Dong Ling , Guo Min , Zhang Xiaoyan , Wei Xinchun , Jia Benli , Wang Yong , Chen Hong , Hu Xianwen , Liu Hong , Zhang Ye , Wong Gordon Tin Chun , Huang Chunxia 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe use of multimodal pharmacological prophylactic regimes has decreased postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in general but it still occurs in over 60% of female patients after bariatric surgery. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of ST36 acupoint injection with anisodamine in prevention of PONV among female patients after bariatric surgery.MethodsNinety patients undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy were randomly allocated to anisodamine or control group at the ratio of 2:1. Anisodamine or normal saline was injected into Zusanli (ST36) bilaterally after induction of general anesthesia. The incidence and severity of PONV were assessed during the first 3 postoperative days and at 3 months. The quality of early recovery of anesthesia, gastrointestinal function, sleep quality, anxiety, depression, and complications were also evaluated.ResultsBaseline and perioperative characteristics were comparable between two groups. In the anisodamine group, 25 patients (42.4%) experienced vomiting within postoperative 24 h compared with 21 (72.4%) in the control group (relative risk 0.59; 95% confidence interval 0.40–0.85). Time to first rescue antiemetic was 6.5 h in anisodamine group, and 1.7 h in the control group (P = 0.011). Less rescue antiemetic was required during the first 24 h in the anisodamine group (P = 0.024). There were no differences in either postoperative nausea or other recovery characteristics.ConclusionsThe addition of ST36 acupoint injection with anisodamine significantly reduced postoperative vomiting without affecting nausea in female patients with obesity undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy.
Path norms on a matrix
Authors: Varsha  , Aishwarya S. , Kuncham Syam Prasad , Kedukodi Babushri Srinivas 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe define row path norm and column path norm of a matrix and relate path norms with other standard matrix norms. A row (resp. column) path norm gives a path that maximizes relative row (resp. column) distances starting from the first row (resp. column). The comparison takes place from the last row (resp. column) to the first row (resp. column), tracing the path. We categorize different versions of path norms and provide algorithms to compute them. We show that brute-force methods to compute path norms have exponential running time. We give dynamic programming algorithms, which, in contrast, take quadratic running time for computing the path norms. We define path norms on Church numerals and Church pairs. Finally, we present applications of path norms in computing condition number, and ordering the solutions of magic squares and Latin squares
On p-harmonic self-maps of spheres
Authors: Branding Volker , Siffert Anna 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn this manuscript we study rotationally p-harmonic maps between spheres. We prove that for (p) given, there exist infinitely many p-harmonic self-maps of $$\mathbb {S}^m$$

S

m

for each $$m\in \mathbb {N}$$

m
∈
N

with $$p<m< 2+p+2\sqrt{p}$$

p
<
m
<
2
+
p
+
2

p

. In the case of the identity map of $$\mathbb {S}^m$$

S

m

we explicitly determine the spectrum of the corresponding Jacobi operator and show that for $$p>m$$

p
>
m

, the identity map of $$\mathbb {S}^m$$

S

m

is equivariantly stable when interpreted as a p-harmonic self-map of $$\mathbb {S}^m$$

S

m

.
Erfolgsfaktoren für eine nachhaltige Entwicklung von Gewerbegebieten
Authors: Schack Carolin , Neise Thomas , Franz Martin 
Published: April 2023

ZusammenfassungGewerbegebiete bieten eine Fülle an Potenzialen für eine zukunftsorientierte und klimaangepasste Stadt- und Regionalentwicklung. Um eine nachhaltige Entwicklung von Gewerbegebieten zu erreichen, ist ein kontinuierliches Engagement von kommunaler Seite und die Begleitung der lokalen Unternehmen notwendig, damit die Bemühungen nicht schon nach wenigen Jahren ins Leere laufen. Ältere Gewerbegebiete stellen hierbei aufgrund ihres häufig hohen Versiegelungs- und Kontaminationsgrades eine besondere Herausforderung dar. Mittels einer Governance-Perspektive werden in diesem Beitrag die Erfahrungen des Projekts „Grün statt Grau – Gewerbegebiete im Wandel“ evaluiert, welches Konzepte zur nachhaltigen Transformation bestehender Gewerbegebiete entwickelt hat. Anhand von Expert*inneninterviews und einer Online-Befragung werden die Erfolgsfaktoren für eine Verstetigung der nachhaltigen Entwicklung von Gewerbegebieten dargelegt sowie Handlungsempfehlungen abgeleitet. Es wird herausgearbeitet, dass bewährte Mechanismen und Hebel, die zu einer langfristigen Verstetigung beitragen, sich häufig auch in anderen Kreisen, Städten und Gemeinden reproduzieren lassen. Hemmnisse müssen dazu jedoch frühzeitig angesprochen und im besten Fall präventiv verhindert werden.
Polarized Proton Structure in the Resonance Region
Authors: Hiller Blin A. N. , Mokeev V. I. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn view of the precise data available on inclusive polarized electron scattering off polarized proton targets in the nucleon resonance excitation region, we compare these results with the coherent sum of resonant contributions to the polarized structure function $$g_1$$

g
1

and virtual photon asymmetry $$A_1$$

A
1

. To this goal, we employ the nucleon resonance electroexcitation amplitudes determined for photon virtualities $$Q^2$$

Q
2

< 5.0 GeV$$^2$$

2

from analyses of the CLAS data on exclusive electroproduction off protons in the resonance region. Most of the well established resonances of four star PDG status in the mass range up to 1.75 GeV are included. We find that the resonance-like structures observed in the inclusive $$g_1$$

g
1

data are related to the resonant contributions in the entire range of photon virtuality $$Q^2$$

Q
2

where the data on $$g_1$$

g
1

are available. In the range of invariant mass of the final hadron system W > 1.5 GeV, the data on the asymmetry $$A_1$$

A
1

are well reproduced even when accounting for resonant contributions only, especially for the larger values of $$Q^2$$

Q
2

and energies analysed. This observation offers an interesting hint to quark-hadron duality seen in polarized inclusive electron scattering observables.
Rotation Enhancement of Conical Picks Coupled with Springs
Authors: Yasar Serdar , Odoom Kingsley , Shepel Taras , Bretschneider Jörg , Drebenstedt Carsten 
Published: April 2023

Highlights

Effect of the spring on the conical pick rotation was investigated experimentally for the first time.

The combination of spring and conical picks resulted in higher amounts of rotation especially for 5 mm cutting depth.

A precise conclusion was not drawn about the effect of the skew angle on rotation.

4% of permanent deformation was observed on the spring as a result of 124 cutting tests.
A discovery system for narrative query graphs: entity-interaction-aware document retrieval
Authors: Kroll Hermann , Pirklbauer Jan , Kalo Jan-Christoph , Kunz Morris , Ruthmann Johannes , Balke Wolf-Tilo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractFinding relevant publications in the scientific domain can be quite tedious: Accessing large-scale document collections often means to formulate an initial keyword-based query followed by many refinements to retrieve a sufficiently complete, yet manageable set of documents to satisfy one’s information need. Since keyword-based search limits researchers to formulating their information needs as a set of unconnected keywords, retrieval systems try to guess each user’s intent. In contrast, distilling short narratives of the searchers’ information needs into simple, yet precise entity-interaction graph patterns provides all information needed for a precise search. As an additional benefit, such graph patterns may also feature variable nodes to flexibly allow for different substitutions of entities taking a specified role. An evaluation over the PubMed document collection quantifies the gains in precision for our novel entity-interaction-aware search. Moreover, we perform expert interviews and a questionnaire to verify the usefulness of our system in practice. This paper extends our previous work by giving a comprehensive overview about the discovery system to realize narrative query graph retrieval.
Asymptotics of non-local perimeters
Authors: Cygan Wojciech , Grzywny Tomasz 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe introduce a notion of non-local perimeter which is defined through an arbitrary positive Borel measure on$${\mathbb {R}}^d$$Rdwhich integrates the function$$1\wedge |x|$$1∧|x|. Such definition of non-local perimeter encompasses a wide range of perimeters which have been already studied in the literature, including fractional perimeters and anisotropic fractional perimeters. The main part of the article is devoted to the study of the asymptotic behaviour of non-local perimeters. As direct applications we recover well-known convergence results for fractional perimeters and anisotropic fractional perimeters.
The high school effect on students’ mobility choices
Authors: Usala Cristian , Porcu Mariano , Sulis Isabella 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis paper looks into the relationship between students’ university choices and their secondary school background. The main aim is to assess the role of secondary schools in steering university applications toward local or non-local institutions, also in the light of the tertiary education supply available in students’ areas of residence. With this aim, we classify students’ mobility choices by using a robust definition of local and non-local universities that accounts for the uncertainty in the definition of students’ local areas and their characteristics. In this framework, we apply a multilevel model to jointly consider the high school effect on the probability of students belonging to one specific category of mobility (local, forced non-local, free non-local) conditional upon students’ macro areas of residence, their chosen university and field of study. The findings highlight that high schools have a relevant role in affecting students’ mobility choices, especially when considering local universities. The magnitude of the effect depends on students’ macro area of residence. In particular, this result highlights that schools may pursue specific guidance policies to address students’ choices toward local universities; furthermore, it suggests that their influence on students is stronger in areas hosting the most important universities.