bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electrochemical sensor based on epoxy-functionalized BEA nanozeolite and graphene oxide modified glassy carbon electrode for bisphenol E determination
Authors: Miller Alex H. , Nguyen Huong Thi-Thanh , Nery José G. , Fielding Alistair J. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAn epoxy-functionalized beta type nanozeolite (BEA)/graphene oxide nanocomposite modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE/BEA/APTMS/GA/GO/NF) has been created for the differential pulse voltammetric determination of bisphenol E (BPE). The modified electrode presented an enhanced current response in comparison with bare GCE. A linear dependence of anodic peak current (Ip) and scan rate (ν) was observed, which showed that the electrochemical process was adsorption-controlled. Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) was employed and optimized for the sensitive determination of BPE. Under the optimized conditions, the anodic peak current was linearly proportional to BPE concentration in the range between 0.07 and 4.81 µM, with a correlation coefficient of 0.995 and limit of detection 0.056 μM (S/N = 3). The electrode showed good repeatability and storage stability, and a low response to interfering compounds. Comparison was made to the determination of bisphenol A. To confirm the electrode analytical performance, recovery tests were performed, and deviations lower than 10% were found. The BEA zeolite-GO nanocomposite proved to be a promising sensing platform for bisphenol determination.
Graphical abstract
An AI framework to support decisions on GDPR compliance
Authors: Lorè Filippo , Basile Pierpaolo , Appice Annalisa , de Gemmis Marco , Malerba Donato , Semeraro Giovanni 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe Italian Public Administration (PA) relies on costly manual analyses to ensure the GDPR compliance of public documents and secure personal data. Despite recent advances in Artificial Intelligence (AI) have benefited many legal fields, the automation of workflows for data protection of public documents is still only marginally affected. The main aim of this work is to design a framework that can be effectively adopted to check whether PA documents written in Italian meet the GDPR requirements. The main outcome of our interdisciplinary research is INTREPID (art ficial i elligence for gdp complianc of ublic adm nistration ocuments), an AI-based framework that can help the Italian PA to ensure GDPR compliance of public documents. INTREPID is realized by tuning some linguistic resources for Italian language processing (i.e. SpaCy and Tint) to the GDPR intelligence. In addition, we set the foundations for a text classification methodology to recognise the public documents published by the Italian PA, which perform data breaches. We show the effectiveness of the framework over a text corpus of public documents that were published online by the Italian PA. We also perform an inter-annotator study and analyse the agreement of the annotation predictions of the proposed methodology with the annotations by domain experts. Finally, we evaluate the accuracy of the proposed text classification model in detecting breaches of security.
Development and characterisation of an alginate and expanded graphite based composite for thermochemical heat storage
Authors: Reynolds Jack , Williams Rhodri , Elvins Jonathon , Jewell Eifion , Searle Justin , Ke Xinyuan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThermochemical heat storage is one of the most attractive technologies to store heat from solar thermal energy or waste heat from industrial processes for its high energy density and long-term storage capability. This research presents a novel expanded graphite/alginate polymer matrix encapsulated with hydrated salts as highly efficient thermochemical heat storage materials. Through the simple synthesis method, the composite material can be sized and shaped to fit multiple applications, and be easily scaled where needed. Through the reversible hydration and dehydration reaction, the incorporated CaCl2 salt can store and release heat. Thermal energy from solar thermal generators or low grade waste heat sources (< 200 °C) is appropriate for the dehydration of CaCl2. A salt loading value of 84% has been achieved with visible porosity maintained. Static heat is used to study the charge reaction, whereas a flow of humid air through a packed bed is used to study the discharge reaction where temperature uplifts between 10–14 °C were observed. A vermiculite/CaCl2 composite is used as a comparison in both reactions. Additionally, bulk density, surface porosity, surface area, moisture sorption and thermal conductivity are considered. The results show that the novel composite materials developed in this study can achieve better packing density and comparable energy density comparing to the conventional vermiculite/CaCl2 composite, but with higher thermal conductivity leading to enhanced energy efficiency.
Graphical Abstract
Psychopathy in Iran: Developing and Validating a Persian Version of the Comprehensive Assessment of Psychopathic Personality- Self-Report (CAPP-SR)
Authors: Sajjadi S. Fatemeh , Emadi Zahra , Shameli Leila , Gross Julien , Zargar Yadollah , Sellbom Martin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe Comprehensive Assessment of Psychopathic Personality-Self-Report (CAPP-SR) is the most recent operationalization of the CAPP model which uses 33 symptoms to conceptualize psychopathic personality disorder. In the current study, we sought to examine the cross-cultural utility of the CAPP-SR in an Iranian sample. In Study 1, we translated the CAPP-SR into Persian and assessed the linguistic convergence between the Persian and original English versions using a sample of Persian–English bilingual university students in New Zealand. In Study 2, we examined the reliability and validity of the Persian CAPP-SR using a sample of university students in Iran. Our results showed that the Persian CAPP-SR has a promising pattern of convergent and incremental validity in terms of their associations with conceptually-relevant criterion measures, including those designed for the Iranian cultural context. Overall, the findings from the current study support the use of the Persian CAPP-SR as well as having implications for the cross-cultural utility of the CAPP model.
Analysis: Flawed Datasets of Monkeypox Skin Images
Authors: Vega Carlos , Schneider Reinhard , Satagopam Venkata 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe self-proclaimed first publicly available dataset of Monkeypox skin images consists of medically irrelevant images extracted from Google and photography repositories through a process denominated web-scrapping. Yet, this did not stop other researchers from employing it to build Machine Learning (ML) solutions aimed at computer-aided diagnosis of Monkeypox and other viral infections presenting skin lesions. Neither did it stop the reviewers or editors from publishing these subsequent works in peer-reviewed journals. Several of these works claimed extraordinary performance in the classification of Monkeypox, Chickenpox and Measles, employing ML and the aforementioned dataset. In this work, we analyse the initiator work that has catalysed the development of several ML solutions, and whose popularity is continuing to grow. Further, we provide a rebuttal experiment that showcases the risks of such methodologies, proving that the ML solutions do not necessarily obtain their performance from the features relevant to the diseases at issue.
On Modified Halpern and Tikhonov–Mann Iterations
Authors: Cheval Horaţiu , Kohlenbach Ulrich , Leuştean Laurenţiu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe show that the asymptotic regularity and the strong convergence of the modified Halpern iteration due to T.-H. Kim and H.-K. Xu and studied further by A. Cuntavenapit and B. Panyanak and the Tikhonov–Mann iteration introduced by H. Cheval and L. Leuştean as a generalization of an iteration due to Y. Yao et al. that has recently been studied by Boţ et al. can be reduced to each other in general geodesic settings. This, in particular, gives a new proof of the convergence result in Boţ et al. together with a generalization from Hilbert to CAT(0) spaces. Moreover, quantitative rates of asymptotic regularity and metastability due to K. Schade and U. Kohlenbach can be adapted and transformed into rates for the Tikhonov–Mann iteration corresponding to recent quantitative results on the latter of H. Cheval, L. Leuştean and B. Dinis, P. Pinto, respectively. A transformation in the converse direction is also possible. We also obtain rates of asymptotic regularity of orderO(1/n) for both the modified Halpern (and so in particular for the Halpern iteration) and the Tikhonov–Mann iteration in a general geodesic setting for a special choice of scalars.
“Overestimated technology – underestimated consequences” – reflections on risks, ethical conflicts, and social disparities in the handling of non-invasive prenatal tests (NIPTs)
Authors: Baldus Marion 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNew technologies create new complexities. Since non-invasive prenatal tests (NIPTs) were first introduced, keeping pace with complexity constitutes an ongoing task for medical societies, politics, and practice. NIPTs analyse the chromosomes of the fetus from a small blood sample. Initially, NIPTs were targeted at detecting trisomy 21 (Down syndrome): meanwhile there are sequencing techniques capable of analysing the entire genome of the unborn child. These yield findings of unclear relevance for the child’s future life, resulting in new responsibility structures and dilemmas for the parents-to-be.The industry’s marketing strategies overemphasize the benefits of the tests while disregarding their consequences. This paper chooses the opposite path: starting with the underestimated consequences, it focuses on adverse developments and downsides. Disparities, paradoxes, and risks associated with NIPTs are illustrated, ethical conflicts described. Indications that new technologies developed to solve problems create new ones are examined. In the sense of critical thinking, seemingly robust knowledge is scrutinized for uncertainties and ambiguities. It analyses how the interplay between genetic knowledge and social discourse results in new dimensions of responsibility not only for parents-to-be, but also for decision-makers, authorities, and professional societies, illustrated by a review of different national policies and implementation programmes. As shown by the new NIPT policy in Norway, the consequences can be startling. Finally, a lawsuit in the United States illustrates how an agency can risk forfeiting its legitimation in connection with the inaccuracy of NIPTs.
Underwater optical wireless communication system: Deep learning CNN with NOMA-based performance analysis
Authors: Salama Wessam M. , Aly Moustafa H. , Amer Eman S. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis research is looking forward improving the performance for underwater optical wireless communication (UOWC) by applying a Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) technique. We also get the benefit of the advantage the transmission based on convolutional neural network hybrid with a long short-term memory cell. The relays selection and power optimization are two main parameters to enhance the UOWC system performance. In this work, we suppose a pairing method for NOMA nodes. By replacing the inner dense connections with convolution layers, this model is proposed to overcome high complexity and over fitting to improve the model performance. The obtained performance for sum rates show that NOMA outperforms the orthogonal multiple access system by ~ 6%. Applying a step-by-step sub-optimization algorithm (SSOPA) yields better results than using fixed power allocation (FPA), while using a global optimal power allocation algorithm (GOPA) increases the sum rates over both FPA and SSOPA. It is found that the improvement when using GOPA combined with CNN approach enhances the performance of sum rates by ~ 2.5% than using the independent-relay-aided NOMA (ICNOMA) for UOWC. The GOPA improvement is 1.2%, 2.5%, 8.7% over FPA and is 0.12%, 0.34%, 2.09% over SSOPA, for clear, pure, and coastal water, respectively. The ICNOMA outperforms both ordinary NOMA (ONOMA) and cooperative NOMA (CNOMA) without independent relay nodes. The ICNOMA achieves an improvement over ONOMA and CNOMA by 20.4% and 3.2%, respectively.
Vulnerability and Human Rights: Which Compatibility?
Authors: Pariotti Elena 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBy embracing the ontological view of vulnerability and stressing its social basis, the paper aims to clarify the role of vulnerability within human rights paradigm.Vulnerability is conceived of by the author as a heuristic notion, which works as a pillar for a general approach to some crucial challenges to human dignity. Both this heuristic notion and these challenges are regarded in the paper as hallmarks for the human rights paradigm.In order to ground this view, the coherence between “vulnerability turn” and the rationale of human rights relies on a four-steps argument dealing with: (i) the denial of a necessary mismatch between the notion of vulnerability and the principle of autonomy; (ii) the appreciation of relation in human rights conceptualization; (iii) the complementarity between vulnerability, as a heuristic notion, and the principle of equality; (iv) the understanding of vulnerability as a “vehicle of empathy” not necessarily involving paternalist trends and therefore not in conflict with the empowerment purposes of human rights.The relevance of “vulnerability turn” in human rights paradigm is defended in the paper within a view of human rights as basic rights, i.e. as means to prevent or fight against those threats that seriously affect basic human needs.
State Provision of Resilience in Social Compulsory Care: A Vulnerability Analysis of Physical Constraint of Children and Youth Without Consent
Authors: Mattsson Titti , Enell Sofia 
Published: March 2023

AbstractChildren’s and young persons’ rights have received increasing been focus in recent decades, due in a significant degree to the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child. In Sweden, compulsory care in the social-services system is disputed, not least for the forceful measures that facility personnel have at their disposal to control children in certain conflict situations. The general aim of this article is to examine how the increased emphasis in Sweden on children’s rights is promoting resilience for children and youth in youth compulsory secure-care settings. A more general question is whether the child-rights discourse leads in practice to increased resilience for children and youth in this setting, or even in general. The empirical material shows that children and young people’s perceptions of care and treatment are strongly linked to their interactions with staff and how the staff use restrictive measures. Applying Martha Fineman’s vulnerability theory in this context means that achieving resilience demands an analysis of the institutional settings in which children and young persons live their day-to-day lives, including their relationships in this setting. Comparing the legal possibilities of physical constraint with interviews of children and personnel reveals that relevant legislative frameworks and children’s-rights discourse should serve as a protection mechanism for children and youths, but in real life, these seem to have limited effect.
Unemployment and Mental Health: An Instrumental Variable Analysis Using Municipal-level Data for Finland for 2002–2019
Authors: Amin Saqib , Korhonen Marko , Huikari Sanna 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe explore the effect of unemployment on mental health, using data from Finnish municipalities for the period 2002–2019. We measure mental illness using a mental morbidity index, as well as mental health care utilization and the use of antidepressants. There are significant differences across municipalities in Finland in both prevalence of mental health issues and illnesses, along with unemployment. Establishing a causal link between these two variables is challenging because of their reverse causality and joint determination. Using instrumental variable estimation, we establish a causal effect from unemployment to mental health. We present a strong connection between unemployment and mental health, especially for males between 25 and 64 years of age. Similar connection is not found among younger or older males, nor among females. Our findings are robust, since the results hold for various mental health measures. Our results reflect the possibility of differing mental health effects across the sources of unemployment.
Social Cohesion and Firms’ Access to Finance in Africa
Authors: Walle Yabibal M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSocial cohesion has recently gained increasing attention in academic and policy circles. Apart from being a necessary feature of stable societies per se, social cohesion is also a key factor for sustainable economic development. One potential means through which social cohesion could foster economic development is by enhancing financial development. In this paper, I examine whether social cohesion is significantly associated with firms’ access to finance in Africa. To this end, I use a recently constructed dataset on social cohesion in Africa, which contains indices for the three pillars of social cohesion – trust, inclusive identity and cooperation for the common good. Combining this dataset with that of the World Bank Enterprise Surveys, I build a sample which covers more than 12,600 firms and 27 African countries. The results show that all three components of social cohesion are positively associated with at least one measure of firms’ access to external finance. In particular, trust – but not inclusive identity and cooperation for the common good – is significantly associated with the likelihood that firms have a checking or savings account, or are financially constrained. When we measure access to finance with respect to having a line of credit or a loan from a financial institution, all the three pillars of social cohesion, including inclusive identity and cooperation for the common good, are related to access to finance. The results are robust to addressing endogeneity concerns using a heteroskedasticity-based identification strategy.
Conversing with Friends or (Higher) Education Beyond the Logic of Production
Authors: Korsgaard Morten Timmermann , Zamojski Piotr 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we will propose an idea of education as conversations between friends on matters of common concern. In a scholarly and pedagogical climate of competition, testing and accountability, there seems to be little room for true pedagogical and scholarly conversation. What we aim to develop here, is a vocabulary that is able to capture some educational experiences that are being repressed in the current educational and academic discourse and practice. Starting from our own experiences as higher education workers, we argue for a way of speaking about educational practices that focus on the matters of common concern that gather – and put into conversation - students and teachers. We call this conversation a studious discourse so as to distinguish it from other forms of conversation and outline a definition of the kinds of friendships that potentially revolve around this form of communication. We base our argument on a reading of Jürgen Oelkers and Martin Wagenschein’s pedagogical and didactical reflections and propose ultimately that education is not about the inner development of measurable skills or competences, but rather about becoming part of particular forms of communication about matters of common concern.
Impact of natural betaine supplementation on rumen fermentation and productive performance of lactating Damascus goats
Authors: Ghoneem Wafaa Mostafa Ali , El-Tanany Reham Roshdi Ali 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTwo natural betaine sources; dehydrated condensed molasses fermentation solubles (Bet1) and Betafin®, a commercial anhydrous betaine extracted from sugar beet molasses and vinasses (Bet2); were used to investigate their impact on rumen fermentation parameters and lactation performance of lactating goats. Thirty-three lactating Damascus goats, with an average weight of 37 ± 0.7 kg and their age ranged from 22 to 30 months (2nd and 3rd lactation season), were divided into three groups, each group contained 11 animals. The control group (CON) was fed ration without betaine. While the other experimental groups were fed a control ration supplemented either with Bet1 or Bet2 to provide a 4 g betaine/kg diet. Results confirmed that betaine supplementation improved nutrient digestibility and nutritive value, and increased milk production and milk fat contents with both Bet1 and Bet2. Significant increases in concentration of ruminal acetate were observed in betaine-supplemented groups. Goats fed dietary betaine non-significantly recorded higher concentrations of short and medium-chain fatty acids (C4:0 to C12:0), and significant lower concentrations of C14:0 and C16:0 in milk. Also, both Bet1 and Bet2 non-significantly decreased the blood concentrations of cholesterol and triglycerides. Therefore, it could be concluded that betaine can improve the lactation performance of lactating goats and produce healthy milk with beneficial characteristics.
Effect of replacing cottonseed meal with canola meal on growth performance, blood metabolites, thyroid function, and ruminal parameters of growing lambs
Authors: Agwa Haitham M. M. , Saleh Hisham M. , Ayyat Mohamed Salah , Abdel-Rahman Gamal A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe objective was to clarify the impact of replacing cottonseed meal with canola meal (CM) on growth performance, blood metabolites, thyroxin function, and ruminal parameters of growing lambs. Twenty-four growing Barki male lambs (4–5 months of age) were assigned randomly into four equal groups (6 lambs each). Four dietary treatments were the control group with 0% CM (CON) and three experimental groups where CM replaced 25% (CN1), 50% (CN2), and 75% (CN3) of cottonseed meal. There were no dietary effects (P > 0.05) on the lambs’ feed intake, average daily gain, and feed conversion ratio of the lambs. The dietary CM linearly decreased the concentrations of serum total proteins (P = 0.003), albumin (P = 0.010), globulin (P = 0.011), AST (P = 0.041), and urea (P = 0.001) in growing lambs. The levels of ALT and creatinine, however, were not significantly affected by dietary treatments (P > 0.05). Furthermore, serum triiodothyronine, thyroxine, and electrolyte concentrations were similar (P > 0.05) in different dietary groups. Dietary treatments significantly affected the values of ruminal pH and ammonia at 0 h (P = 0.003 and 0.048, respectively) and 3 h (P = 0.033 and P = 0.006, respectively) postfeeding. The CN3 group showed significantly higher concentrations of ruminal ammonia at 0 and 3 h postfeeding. Furthermore, dietary CM (CN3) significantly reduced the ruminal pH values at 0 and 3 h postfeeding. Meanwhile, dietary treatments did not affect the concentration of total VFAs in the ruminal fluid. In conclusion, CM can replace the cottonseed meal (up to 75%) in lamb diets without compromising their growth performance, thyroid function, and ruminal fermentation parameters.