bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiovascular outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation concomitantly treated with antiarrhythmic drugs and non-vitamin k antagonist oral anticoagulants
Authors: Wu Victor Chien-Chia , Wang Chun-Li , Huang Yu-Chang , Tu Hui-Tzu , Huang Yu-Tung , Huang Chien-Hao , Chen Shao-Wei , Kuo Chang-Fu , Hung Kuo-Chun , Chang Shang-Hung 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Aims
Limited data compared antiarrhythmic drugs (AADs) with concomitant non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants in atrial fibrillation patients, hence the aim of the study.

Methods and results
National health insurance database were retrieved during 2012–17 for study. We excluded patients not taking AADs, bradycardia, heart block, heart failure admission, mitral stenosis, prosthetic valve, incomplete demographic data, and follow-up &lt;3 months. Outcomes were compared in Protocol 1, dronedarone vs. non-dronedarone; Protocol 2, dronedarone vs. amiodarone; and Protocol 3, dronedarone vs. propafenone. Outcomes were acute myocardial infarction (AMI), ischaemic stroke/systemic embolism, intracranial haemorrhage (ICH), major bleeding, cardiovascular death, all-cause mortality, and major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) (including AMI, ischaemic stroke, and cardiovascular death). In Protocol 1, 2298 dronedarone users and 6984 non-dronedarone users (amiodarone = 4844; propafenone = 1914; flecainide = 75; sotalol = 61) were analysed. Dronedarone was associated with lower ICH (HR = 0.61, 95% CI = 0.38–0.99, P = 0.0436), cardiovascular death (HR = 0.24, 95% CI = 0.16–0.37, P &lt; 0.0001), all-cause mortality (HR = 0.33, 95% CI = 0.27–0.42, P &lt; 0.0001), and MACE (HR = 0.56, 95% CI = 0.45–0.70, P &lt; 0.0001). In Protocol 2, 2231 dronedarone users and 6693 amiodarone users were analysed. Dronedarone was associated with significantly lower ICH (HR = 0.53, 95%=CI 0.33–0.84, P = 0.0078), cardiovascular death (HR = 0.20, 95% CI = 0.13–0.31, P &lt; 0.0001), all-cause mortality (HR 0.27, 95% CI 0.22–0.34, P &lt; 0.0001), and MACE (HR = 0.53, 95% CI = 0.43–0.66, P &lt; 0.0001), compared with amiodarone. In Protocol 3, 812 dronedarone users and 2436 propafenone users were analysed. There were no differences between two drugs for primary and secondary outcomes.

Conclusion
The use of dronedarone with NOACs was associated with cardiovascular benefits in an Asian population, compared with non-dronedarone AADs and amiodarone.
Digest: Recreating ancestral trait variation to understand adaptation
Authors: Gross Karin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Two highly correlated anther traits affect pollination efficacy in a wild radish population. Does the strength and type of selection on these traits differ through male and female fitness with increased ancestral trait variation? Waterman et al. (2023) found stabilizing selection on one trait and disruptive selection on the other trait, with no difference between male and female fitness. Such quantifications of selection in populations with the increased variation that reflects ancestral trait variation provide insights into processes of trait adaptation.
The Sphere of Semiadditive Height 1
Authors: Yuan Allen 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
We construct a lift of the $p$-complete sphere to the universal height $1$ higher semiadditive stable $\infty $-category of Carmeli–Schlank–Yanovski, providing a counterexample, at height $1$, to their conjecture that the natural functor $ _n \to \operatorname{\textrm{Sp}}_{T(n)}$ is an equivalence. We then record some consequences of the construction, including an observation of Schlank that this gives a conceptual proof of a classical theorem of Lee on the stable cohomotopy of Eilenberg–MacLane spaces.
Correlations of Multiplicative Functions with Coefficients of Automorphic L-Functions
Authors: Jiang Yujiao , Lü Guangshi 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Let $\lambda _{\phi }(n)$ be the Fourier coefficients of a Hecke holomorphic or Hecke–Maass cusp form on $\textrm{SL}_{2}(\mathbb Z)$ and $f$ be any multiplicative function that satisfies two mild hypotheses. We establish a nontrivial upper bound for the correlation $\sum _{n \leq X}f(n)\lambda _{\phi }(n+h)$ uniformly in $0&lt;|h|\leq X$. As applications, we consider some special cases, including $f(n)=\lambda _{\pi }(n), \,\mu (n)\lambda _{\pi }(n)$ and any divisor-bounded multiplicative function. Here, $\lambda _{\pi }(n)$ denotes the $n$-th Dirichlet coefficient of a $\textrm{GL}_{m}$ automorphic $L$-function $L(s,\pi )$ for an irreducible cuspidal automorphic representation $\pi $, and $\mu (n)$ denotes the Möbius function. In particular, nontrivial savings are achieved for shifted convolution problems on $\textrm{GL}_{m}\times \textrm{GL}_{2}\, (m\geq 4)$ and Hypothesis C of Iwaniec–Luo–Sarnak for the first time.
Characterization of a novel carbapenem-hydrolysing β-lactamase OXA-1041 in Escherichia coli
Authors: Wu Shikai , Feng Yu , Yang Yongqiang , Zhu Kairong , Wang Siyao , Wang Xinyue , Li Guo-Bo , Zong Zhiyong 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background
We found a carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli without known carbapenemase-encoding genes and performed a study to identify the possible new carbapenemase.

Methods
The production of carbapenemase was examined using the modified carbapenem inactivation method. The strain was subjected to short- and long-read genome sequencing and the complete genome was obtained by hybrid assembly. The gene encoding a potential new OXA-type carbapenemase was cloned. The enzyme was purified and was then subjected to kinetic assays. Molecular docking analysis of the enzyme was performed using the MOE software suite. Mating experiments were attempted to obtain the plasmid carrying the corresponding gene.

Results
We identified and characterized a novel class D carbapenem-hydrolysing β-lactamase, OXA-1041, in a carbapenem-resistant E. coli clinical strain. OXA-1041 had 89.77% (237/264) amino acid identity with OXA-427, a known carbapenemase. By cloning in an E. coli laboratory strain, blaOXA-1041 was found to reduce susceptibility to ertapenem by 16 times (MIC 0.25 versus 0.016 mg/L) and meropenem by four times (MIC 0.06 versus 0.016 mg/L) but did not significantly reduce susceptibility to imipenem and doripenem. Enzyme kinetic measurement of purified OXA-1041 showed that OXA-1041 could hydrolyse ertapenem and meropenem with a turnover number (kcat)/Michaelis constant (KM) of 8.57 and 3.63 mM−1s−1, respectively. The complete genome contained a single plasmid (223 341 bp, IncF, containing five replicons), which was self-transmissible. blaOXA-1041 was downstream of insertion sequence ISCR1 and there were three tandem copies of ISCR1-blaOXA-1041-creDΔ (encoding an envelope protein) on this plasmid.

Conclusions
The above findings suggest OXA-1041 is a new plasmid-encoded carbapenemase with preferential activity against ertapenem.
Expert consensus on monitoring antimicrobial stewardship in French nursing homes using assessed reimbursement database indicators
Authors: Asquier-Khati Antoine , Deschanvres Colin , Chaslerie Anicet , Pereira Ouarda , Boutoille David , Birgand Gabriel 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectivesMonitoring the appropriateness of antibiotic prescriptions with indicators based on reimbursement data is required to guide antibiotic stewardship (AMS) interventions in nursing homes (NHs). Quantity metrics (QMs) monitor the volume of prescriptions while proxy indicators (PIs) reflect the appropriateness of antibiotic use. Our objectives were: (i) to provide a relevant consensual set of indicators to be used in French NHs; and (ii) to assess the feasibility of their implementation at the national and local scale.MethodsNine French professional organizations implicated in AMS in NHs were asked to nominate at least one member to create a national expert panel of 20 physicians. Twenty-one recently published QMs and 11 PIs were assessed by the expert panel. Indicators were evaluated using a RAND-modified Delphi procedure comprising two online surveys and a videoconference meeting. Indicators were kept in the final list if &gt;70% of stakeholders validated their relevance for estimating the volume (QMs) and appropriateness (PIs) of prescriptions.ResultsOf the 21 QM indicators submitted to the panel, 14 were selected, describing the consumption of antibiotics overall (n = 3), broad-spectrum (n = 6) and second-line antibiotics (n = 2). The three remaining QMs evaluated the route of administration (n = 1) and urine culture prescriptions (n = 2). Ten PIs (six modified, two rejected, one new) were selected to assess the appropriateness of prescriptions for urinary tract infections (n = 2), seasonal variations in prescriptions (n = 2), repeated prescriptions of fluoroquinolones (n = 1), cephalosporins’ route of administration (n = 1), duration of treatment (n = 1), rate of second-line antibiotics (n = 1), co-prescriptions with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (n = 1), and flu vaccine coverage (n = 1). The panel was in favour of using these indicators for regional and facility level AMS programmes (91%), feedback to NH prescribers (82%), benchmarking by health authorities (55%) and public reporting at the facility level (9%).ConclusionsThis consensual list of indicators, covering a wide range of frequent clinical situations, may be used as part of the French national AMS strategy for monitoring antibiotic prescriptions in NHs at the national and local levels. Regional AMS networks might manage this selected list to guide personalized action plans with concrete objectives of reducing the quantity and improving the quality of antibiotic prescriptions.
Model identification via total Frobenius norm of multivariate spectra
Authors: McElroy Tucker S , Roy Anindya 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe study the integral of the Frobenius norm as a measure of the discrepancy between two multivariate spectra. Such a measure can be used to fit time series models, and ensures proximity between model and process at all frequencies of the spectral density. We develop new asymptotic results for linear and quadratic functionals of the periodogram, and apply the integrated Frobenius norm to fit time series models and test whether model residuals are white noise. The case of structural time series models is addressed, wherein co-integration rank testing is formally developed. Both applications are studied through simulation studies and time series data. The numerical results show that the proposed estimator can fit moderate- to large-dimensional structural timeseries in real time.
Nonparametric estimation of the continuous treatment effect with measurement error
Authors: Huang Wei , Zhang Zheng 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe identify the average dose–response function (ADRF) for a continuously valued error-contaminated treatment by a weighted conditional expectation. We then estimate the weights nonparametrically by maximising a local generalised empirical likelihood subject to an expanding set of conditional moment equations incorporated into the deconvolution kernels. Thereafter, we construct a deconvolution kernel estimator of ADRF. We derive the asymptotic bias and variance of our ADRF estimator and provide its asymptotic linear expansion, which helps conduct statistical inference. To select our smoothing parameters, we adopt the simulation-extrapolation method and propose a new extrapolation procedure to stabilise the computation. Monte Carlo simulations and a real data study illustrate our method’s practical performance.
Pregnancy Pearls
Authors: de Dhaem Olivia Begasse , Bernstein Carolyn 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The book chapter entitled “Pregnancy Pearls” discusses headache-related key factors in pregnancy planning, evaluation of headache in pregnancy, migraine management in pregnancy, the differential diagnosis of post-partum headaches, and the treatment of headaches during breastfeeding. We discuss best practices for evaluation and treatment of headache during pregnancy, medications, red flags, conversations about migraine and headache during pregnancy and breast-feeding. This chapter details key points that are useful in evaluating and managing women during conception, pregnancy and breast-feeding.
Why Is the Alarm Clock Inside My Head?
Authors: Bernstein Carolyn , de Dhaem Olivia Begasse 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Hypnic headaches are an unusual type of cyclic headache that occur in older adults. Headache presents at the same time every night, waking the patient up from sleep. There are no autonomic features; pain can be severe, and they generally occur at least 15 times per month. Hypnic headaches may spontaneously remit or may continue for years. Although this is a primary headache disorder, secondary causes must be ruled out. Although there are no evidenced treatments, melatonin, lithium, and caffeine may all be effective.
Severe Facial Pain in the Emergency Department
Authors: Robertson Carrie E. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The chapter “Severe Facial Pain in the Emergency Department” examines the diagnosis, evaluation, and management of trigeminal neuralgia. Trigeminal neuralgia is an extremely painful condition involving repetitive, triggered, electrical shock–like pain on one side of the face. The diagnosis is made based on history and examination. However, imaging is needed to identify either vascular compression of the nerve or a secondary cause of trigeminal neuralgia. Preferred imaging is an MRI with gadolinium and thin cuts through the posterior fossa. First-line treatment for trigeminal neuralgia is carbamazepine or oxcarbazepine. If these medications are not effective or not tolerated, it is reasonable to consult neurosurgery for procedural options while trying a second-line pharmacologic option.
The Pain Persists
Authors: Chiang Chia-Chun 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The chapter “The Pain Persists” examines the evaluation, work-up, and management of headache secondary to ischemic stroke and/or cervical artery dissection. Headache is reported in up to 44%, and 100% of patients with ischemic stroke and cervical artery dissection, respectively. It should be identified and appropriately managed. Risk factors for post–ischemic stroke headache include younger age (&lt;50 years), female sex, preexisting headache disorder, larger size of the ischemic lesion, posterior circulation stroke, and cortical infarcts. Thorough evaluations, including MRI, MRA, or CTA of the head and neck; MR venogram or CT venogram; and fundoscopic exam should be considered when evaluating headache after stroke. Additionally, clinicians should be mindful that depression, limb spasticity, and obstructive sleep apnea are common post-stroke complications that could contribute to headache. The treatment of post-stroke headache should be based on the headache phenotype. Acetaminophen, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and anti-emetics can be used as needed for headache. Lasmiditan can be considered for the acute treatment of migraine, as triptans and ergots are contraindicated. The choice of headache preventive therapy should take comorbidities into account. More data are needed to evaluate the safety of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)–targeted therapy in patients with various level of cardiovascular/cerebrovascular risk profile.
Catch It Before It Bursts: Headache and Posterior Communicating Artery Aneurysm
Authors: Kuruvilla Deena E. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The global prevalence of headache approaches 46%, which makes it a common chief complaint. When evaluating these patients, it is crucial to first differentiate between a primary cause for headache such as migraine or tension-type headache and a secondary cause for headache such as intracranial aneurysm or a space-occupying lesion to reduce morbidity and mortality. This case presentation provides guidance on how to obtain a history, recognize red flags, and how to formulate a differential diagnosis based on the history and neurological exam. Once a differential diagnosis is formulated, the discussion provides pearls on how to decide between computed tomography scan (CT scan) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This case also highlights the need to partner with necessary specialists early on in the patient’s workup if needed. A multidisciplinary approach can be helpful for managing primary and secondary headache disorders.
I’m Not Sick Anymore!: Why Am I Still Having Headaches?
Authors: Alex Ashley 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The chapter “I’m Not Sick Anymore! Why Am I Still Having Headaches?” outlines proposed mechanisms, characteristics, evolution, and approaches to diagnosis and treatment of headache attributed to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. Headache is a common symptom of systemic infection due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Its presence is not necessarily correlated with a previous history of headaches. Having COVID-19-related headaches is associated with a more benign and shorter disease course. Headaches may vary but are most typically bilateral, frontotemporal, moderate to severe intensity, and resistant to simple analgesics. Treatment should be targeted at the underlying cause and phenotype of the headaches with a combination of preventive and acute therapies.
Investigating the distribution of double neutron stars and unconventional component mass
Authors: Yang Y-Y , Zhang C-M , Li D , Chen L , Zhang J-W , Wang D-H , Jiang L-Y , Cui X-H 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTThe mass distribution of double neutron stars (DNSs) can help us to understand the evolution of binary systems, which can also contain information about DNSs induced by gravitational wave radiation. Henceforth, for the 25 pairs of DNS systems so far discovered by radio observations, we have only statistically analysed 13 systems with precisely measured masses of two-component NSs, by employing the classical Gaussian mixture models based on the Akaike and Bayesian information criteria. The result infers that the mass distributions for recycled and non-recycled NSs follow a double-Gaussian and single-Gaussian distribution, respectively. In the conventional scenario of DNS formation, the mass of the first formed recycled NS is higher than that of the second-formed companion NS. However, there exist some unconventional cases with a reverse mass ratio. To explore the phenomenon of this ‘unconventional component mass’ of DNSs, we employed Monte Carlo sampling. We find that the unconventional DNS systems occupy about 27.7 per cent of all DNSs, which could be a useful reference for the future gravitational wave detection by LIGO/Virgo. Furthermore, we discuss a possible explanation for the unconventional DNS mass ratio, which involves the recycling process and its birth rate. This also has an implication for the mass distribution of the DNS progenitors.
The wave energy density and growth rate for the resonant instability in relativistic plasmas
Authors: Jeong Seong-Yeop , Watt Clare 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
The wave instability acts in astrophysical plasmas to redistribute energy and momentum in the absence of frequent collisions. There are many different types of waves, and it is important to quantify the wave energy density and growth rate for understanding what types of wave instabilities are possible in different plasma regimes. There are many situations throughout our Universe where plasmas contain a significant fraction of relativistic particles. Theoretical estimates for the wave energy density and growth rate are constrained to either field-aligned propagation angles or non-relativistic considerations. Based on linear theory, we derive the analytic expressions for the energy density and growth rate of an arbitrary resonant wave with an arbitrary propagation angle in relativistic plasmas. For this derivation, we calculate the Hermitian and anti-Hermitian parts of the relativistic-plasma dielectric tensor. We demonstrate that our analytic expression for the wave energy density presents an explicit energy increase in resonant waves in the wavenumber range where the analytic expression for the growth rate is positive (i.e. where a wave instability is driven). For this demonstration, we numerically analyse the loss-cone driven instability, as a specific example, in which the whistler-mode waves scatter relativistic electrons into the loss cone in the radiation belt. Our analytic results further develop the basis for linear theory to better understand the wave instability, and have the potential to combine with quasi-linear theory, which allows to study the time evolution of not only the particle momentum distribution function but also resonant wave properties through an instability.
Multiclass classification of Fermi-LAT sources with hierarchical class definition
Authors: Malyshev Dmitry V , Bhat Aakash 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
In this paper, we develop multiclass classification of Fermi-large area telescope (LAT) gamma-ray sources using machine learning with hierarchical determination of classes. One of the main challenges in the multiclass classification of the Fermi-LAT sources is that the size of some of the classes is relatively small, for example with less than 10 associated sources belonging to a class. In this paper, we propose a hierarchical structure for the determination of the classes. This enables us to have control over the size of classes and to compare the performance of the classification for different numbers of classes. In particular, the class probabilities in the two-class case can be computed either directly by the two-class classification or by summing probabilities of children classes in multiclass classification. We find that the classifications with few large classes have comparable performance with classifications with many smaller classes. Thus, on one hand, the few-class classification can be recovered by summing probabilities of classification with more classes while, on the other hand, the classification with many classes gives a more detailed information about the physical nature of the sources. As a result of this work, we construct three probabilistic catalogues, which are available online. This work opens up a possibility to perform population studies of sources including unassociated sources and to narrow down searches for possible counterparts of unassociated sources, such as active galactic nuclei, pulsars, or millisecond pulsars.
The orbits of outer planetary satellites using theGaiadata
Authors: Emelyanov N V , Kovalev M Yu , Varfolomeev M I 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTLaunch of the Gaia space observatory started a new era in astrometry when the accuracy of star coordinates increased by thousands of times. Significant improvement in accuracy was also expected for the coordinates of the Solar system bodies. Gaia Data Release 3 (DR3) provided us with the data that could be used to test our expectations. In this work, we refine the orbits of a number of outer planetary satellites using both ground-based and Gaia observations. From 13 outer satellites observed by Gaia, we chose 6 to obtain their orbits. Some specific moments in using observations of outer satellites made by Gaia are demonstrated. These peculiarities stem from scanning motion of Gaia, in particular from the fact that the accuracy of observations is significantly different along and across the scanning direction. As expected, Gaia observations proved to be more precise than those made from Earth, which results in more accurate satellite ephemerides. We estimate accuracy of the ephemerides of considered satellites for the interval between 1996 and 2030. As astrometric positions published in Gaia DR3 were not corrected for the relativistic light deflection by the Sun, we took into account this effect, which slightly diminished the rms residuals. In addition, relativistic light deflection by the giant planets was estimated, which, as it turned out, can be neglected with the given accuracy of Gaia observations.