bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ologit analysis of determinants of vulnerability to food insecurity by cocoa farming households in Southern Asunafo, Republic of Ghana
Authors: Ojo Idowu Oladeji 
Published: January 2023

Purpose. Using ologit analytical tool, this study examined the determinants of vulnerability to food insecurity by cocoa farming households in Southern Asunafo, Ghana and assessed the coping strategies adopted by the farmers against food shortage related shocks.
Methodology / approach. A two-stage sampling procedure was used to elicit cross sectional data from a total of 150 cocoa farmers across the 11 settlements in the study area using a semi-structured questionnaire. CARE and WFP (2003) Household Coping Strategy Index (CSI) and Factor analysis were used to determine vulnerability to food insecurity status of the households and ordered logit regression was used to identify the determinants of vulnerability. The data was analyzed using STATA software.
Results. Findings from the study revealed that 35.33 % of the households were moderately vulnerable while 33.33 % and 31.34 % were mildly and severely vulnerable respectively in the study area. Borrowing food, eating seed stock, begging for food and reducing meals were the major coping strategies adopted by the households. The ordered logit regression result shows that being a female household head increases the probability of being vulnerable. Age of household head was found to be significant (p < 0.05) and negatively influencing Vulnerability to food insecurity. Household dependants and number of coping strategies were found to be significant (p<0.05) and positively influencing Vulnerability. Education level, farm income and labor hour use were found to be significant (p < 0.1) and negatively influencing vulnerability. Marital Status, Access to extension and off-farm occupation were significant (p > 0.05) and negatively influencing household vulnerability to food insecurity among the households.
Originality / scientific novelty. Author’s developed econometric model is very useful is empirically assessing determinants of vulnerability of cocoa farming households to food poverty in southern Asunafo district, and to form a basis for decision making regarding achieving food security in Southern Asonafo. The proposed method offers great potentials for achieving safe, nutritious, and accessible food security condition amidst the challenge of food poverty.
Practical value / implications. The study concluded that policies that address the major determinants of vulnerability such as education, off-farm occupation, access to extension services and income diversifications with emphasis on cocoa female farmers’ empowerment are will enhance resilience of rural farming households to food insecurity in the study area.
Determinants of coffee export in Ethiopia: an application of co-integration and vector error correction approach
Authors: Bassa Zekarias , Goshu Degye 
Published: January 2023

Purpose. The study aimed to analyze the determinants of coffee export through the variables of coffee production, trade openness, world coffee export in tone, population and export prices for the period of 1977–2016 for 38 observations.
Methodology / approach. The co-integration approach was employed to investigate the long-run causal association between Ethiopian coffee export in kg and export price, world coffee export level, population and coffee production, trade openness. The coffee export demand functions in Ethiopia were estimated using co-integration analysis and Vector Error Correction Models.
Results. The co-integration result confirmed the existence of a long-run relationship between Quantity Ethiopian coffee exported and export price, coffee production world export coffee in tone and population size of age between 15 to 64. The analysis pointed out that in the long run the extent of Ethiopia coffee export inversely related to coffee production in the country and world coffee supply in tone and directly related to export price and population size of active aged category. The speed of adjustment was estimated to be 24 % that implied the economy will converge towards the long run equilibrium in approximately one year following a shock.
Originality / scientific novelty. The empirical analysis indicated the existence of short term causal link from lagged export level of coffee, population size of active labour force, trade opens and export price towards export in the coffee export model. In short run Ethiopian coffee export defined as positive function of trade opens and negative function of lagged year coffee export in tone, export price and population size of active labour force in the country.
Practical value / implications. The policy implication of the time series analysis calls for improved works on value addition and productivity improvement to respond for soaring national and international demand and betterment in trade relation with nations abroad that expected to optimization of the organic attributes of Ethiopian coffee in sustainable manner. The Vector Error Correction Model also indicated a significant short-run as well as long run relationship between changes in exports and changes in export price and population size.
Resonant photoacoustic cells for laser-based methane detection
Authors: Schmitt Katrin , Sendelbach Mara , Weber Christian , Wöllenstein Jürgen , Strahl Thomas 
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Against the background of the steady increase in
greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, a fast and inexpensive method for
detecting methane is required. This applies to the direct measurement of the
background concentration of methane in the atmosphere and also to the
detection of leaks in natural gas pipelines. Photoacoustic (PA) sensors
offer the possibility of highly sensitive gas detection and
cost-effective design at the same time. In this work, we investigated a photoacoustic sensor
for methane in low concentrations, focusing on a special cell design, the
so-called T-cell. Different cylinder geometries of six T-cells and the
influence on the sensor performance were examined. An interband cascade
laser (ICL) with a central wavelength of 3270 nm was used for excitation
and a micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) microphone as detector. The detection limits achieved were below
the methane background concentration in air of 1.8 ppm.
Unifying biological field observations to detect and compare ocean acidification impacts across marine species and ecosystems: what to monitor and why
Authors: Widdicombe Steve , Isensee Kirsten , Artioli Yuri , Gaitán-Espitia Juan Diego , Hauri Claudine , Newton Janet A. , Wells Mark , Dupont Sam 
Published: January 2023

Abstract. Approximately one-quarter of the CO2 emitted to the
atmosphere annually from human activities is absorbed by the ocean,
resulting in a reduction of seawater pH and shifts in seawater carbonate
chemistry. This multi-decadal process, termed “anthropogenic ocean
acidification” (OA), has been shown to have detrimental impacts on marine
ecosystems. Recent years have seen a globally coordinated effort to measure
the changes in seawater chemistry caused by OA, with best practices now
available for these measurements. In contrast to these substantial advances
in observing physicochemical changes due to OA, quantifying their
biological consequences remains challenging, especially from in situ
observations under real-world conditions. Results from 2 decades of
controlled laboratory experiments on OA have given insight into the likely
processes and mechanisms by which elevated CO2 levels affect biological
process, but the manifestation of these process across a plethora of natural
situations has yet to be fully explored. This challenge requires us to
identify a set of fundamental biological and ecological indicators that are
(i) relevant across all marine ecosystems, (ii) have a strongly demonstrated
link to OA, and (iii) have implications for ocean health and the provision of
ecosystem services with impacts on local marine management strategies and
economies. This paper draws on the understanding of biological impacts
provided by the wealth of previous experiments, as well as the findings of
recent meta-analyses, to propose five broad classes of biological indicators
that, when coupled with environmental observations including carbonate
chemistry, would allow the rate and severity of biological change in
response to OA to be observed and compared. These broad indicators are
applicable to different ecological systems, and the methods for data
analysis suggested here would allow researchers to combine biological
response data across regional and global scales by correlating rates of
biological change with the rate of change in carbonate chemistry parameters.
Moreover, a method using laboratory observation to design an optimal
observing strategy (frequency and duration) and observe meaningful
biological rates of change highlights the factors that need to be considered
when applying our proposed observation strategy. This innovative observing
methodology allows inclusion of a wide diversity of marine ecosystems in
regional and global assessments and has the potential to increase the
contribution of OA observations from countries with developing OA science
capacity.
Increased Risk of Periprosthetic Fractures and Revision Arthroplasty in Patients Undergoing Shoulder Arthroplasty With a History of Prior Fragility Fractures: A Matched Cohort Analysis
Authors: Testa Edward J. , Albright J. Alex , Lemme Nicholas J. , Molla Vadim , McCrae Brian , Daniels Alan H. , Paxton E. Scott 
Published: January 2023

Introduction:
As rates of anatomic and reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (SA) continue to grow, an increase in the number of osteoporotic patients undergoing SA, including those who have sustained prior fragility fractures, is expected. The purpose of this study was to examine short-term, implant-related complication rates and secondary fragility fractures after SA in patients with and without a history of fragility fractures.

Methods:
A propensity score-matched retrospective cohort study was done using the PearlDiver database to characterize the effect of antecedent fragility fractures in short-term complications after SA. Rates of revision SA, periprosthetic fractures, infection, and postoperative fragility fractures were evaluated using multivariate logistic regression analysis. Risks of these complications were also studied in patients with and without preoperative osteoporosis treatment. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05.

Results:
A total of 91,212 SA patients were identified, with 13,050 (14.3%) experiencing a fragility fracture within the 3 years before SA. Two years after SA, there were increased odds of periprosthetic fracture (odds ratio [OR] 2.24, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.68 to 2.99), fragility fracture (OR 9.11, 95% CI 8.43 to 9.85), deep infection (OR 1.68, 95% CI 1.34 to 2.12), and all-cause revision SA (OR 1.68, 95% CI 1.44 to 1.96) within those patients who had experienced a fragility fracture within 3 years before their SA. Patients who were treated for osteoporosis with bisphosphonates and/or vitamin D supplementation before their SA had similar rates of postoperative periprosthetic fractures, fragility fractures, and all-cause revision SA to those who did not receive pharmacologic treatment.

Conclusion:
Sustaining a fragility fracture before SA portends substantial postoperative risk of periprosthetic fractures, infection, subsequent fragility fractures, and all-cause revision SA at the 2-year postoperative period. Pharmacotherapy did not markedly decrease the rate of these complications. These results are important for surgeons counseling patients who have experienced prior fragility fractures on the risks of SA.
ANALISIS NATRIUM SIKLAMAT PADA MINUMAN ES CAMPUR YANG DIJUAL DI PASAR KAMPUNG BARU KECAMATAN BAITURRAHMAN KOTA BANDA ACEH
Authors: Zarwinda Irma , Sasnita Merida , Elfariyanti  , Zakaria Nurmalia 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRAK
Natrium siklamat merupakan pemanis buatan yang memiliki tingkat kemanisan 30 kali dari sukrosa. Menurut BPOM RI Nomor 4 Tahun 2014, batas penggunaan natrium siklamat sebesar 250 mg/Kg. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui natrium siklamat dan kadar pada es campur yang dijual di pasar Kampung Baru Kecematan Baiturrahman Kota Banda Aceh. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode deskriptif analitik secara kualitatif (reaksi pengendapan) dan kuantitatif (metode gravimetri) yang dilakukan di Laboratorium Akafarma Banda Aceh. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 5 minuman es campur yang diproduksi di pasar Kampung Baru,teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan secaratotally sampling. Hasil uji reaksi pengendapan didapatkan adanya endapan putih pada semua sampel es campur,yang artinya positif mengandung natrium siklamat. Hasil uji kadar natrium siklamat pada es campur kode Ar, Br, Cn, Dn, dan Enberturut-turut adalah15.500 mg/Kg;8.620 mg/Kg;4.080 mg/Kg;8.440 mg/Kg; dan12.120 mg/Kg Berat Bahan. Kesimpulanya es campur yang dijual di pasar Kampung Baru Kecematan Baiturrahman Kota Banda Aceh mengandung natrium siklamat, dan kadarnyamelebihi ambang batas yang telah ditetapkan oleh BPOM RI No.4 Tahun 2014.
Kata Kunci :Minuman es campur, Natrium Siklamat, Gravimetri
UJI DAYA HAMBAT EKSTRAK ETANOL JAHE PUTIH (ZINGIBER OFFICINALE AMARUM) TERHADAP BAKTERI STAPHYLOCOCUS AUREUS
Authors: DEWI SAFRIDA YUNI , Rafliza Rista 
Published: January 2023

Jahe putih dapat dijadikan sebagai obat tradisional yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk menghangatkan tubuh, meredakan batuk, dan penyakit infeksi. Jahe putih ini memiliki kandungan kimia seperti flavonoid yang mampu menghambat bakteri. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui daya hambat ekstrak etanol jahe putih terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri staphylococcus aureus pada konsentrasi 25%, 50%, 75%, dan 100%. Penelitian ini dilakukan di laboratirium Analis Farmasi dan Makanan Banda Aceh, pada tanggal 8,10,-12 Maret 2021. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimental secara Difusi Disk. Sampel yang digunakan adalah jahe putih yang diperoleh dari pasar Lambaro dengan teknik pengambilan secara purposive sampling dengan kriteria jahe yang memiliki rimpang dengan isi berwarna putih dan lembut. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa daya hambat yang didapatkan pada konsentari 25% yaitu 7 mm, 50% yaitu 9 mm, 75% yaitu 10 mm dan 100% yaitu 13 mm. Ekstrak etanol jahe putih mampu menghambat pertumbuhan staphylococcus aureus yang tertingi pada konsentrasi 100% yaitu 13 mm termasuk kedalam kategori kuat, sedangkan konsentrasi 75%, 50% dan 25% termasuk kategori sedang.
Kata Kunci : Jahe putih, Staphylococcus Aureus, Uji daya hambat.
UJI CEMARAN MIKROBA PADA KOPI BUBUK TIDAK BERIZIN DI KECAMATAN JOHAN PAHLAWAN KOTA MEULABOH SECARA TOTAL PLATE COUNT (TPC)
Authors: Dewi Safrida Yuni , Hardiana  , Lismandaria Nofa 
Published: January 2023

Di Indonesia terutama di Aceh, kopi bubuk sangat diminati oleh masyarakat. Mutu kopi bubuk perlu diperhatikan untuk menjaga cita rasa dari kopi tersebut. Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi mutu kopi bubuk adalah dengan memiliki standar cemaran mikroba yang tidak melebihi ambang yang telah ditetapkan oleh BPOM Nomor 13 Tahun 2019 syarat TPC kopi bubuk 1x106 kol/ml. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat cemaran mikroba pada kopi bubuk di Kecamatan Johan Pahlawan Kota Meulaboh. Penelitian dilakukan pada tanggal 25- 27 Maret 2021 di Laboratorium Farmasi (AKAFARMA) Banda Aceh. Metode yang digunakan yaitu eksperimental dengan analisa kuantitatif secara Total Plate Count (TPC). Sampel adalah tiga kopi bubuk tidak berizin di Kecamatan Johan Pahlawan Kota Meulaboh yang diambil secara Total sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tiga sampel kopi bubuk tidak berizin, memiliki nilai Total Plate Count (TPC) yaitu AFJ 1x105 kol/ml, PIL 1x104 kol/ml, dan PIB 7x104 ???? kol/ml. Kesimpulan dari uji cemaran mikroba pada kopi bubuk tidak berizin yaitu memenuhi persyaratan yang telah ditetapkan oleh BPOM Nomor 13 Tahun 2019, tentang syarat Total Plate Count (TPC) kopi bubuk yaitu 1x106 kol/ml.
Kata Kunci : Cemaran Mikroba, Kopi Bubuk, Total Plate Count (TPC).
Beginner’s Guide for Cybercrime Investigators
Authors:   Multimedia SRL, Sfetcu Nicolae 
Published: January 2023

In the real world there are people who enter the homes and steal everything they find valuable. In the virtual world there are individuals who penetrate computer systems and "steal" all your valuable data. Just as in the real world, there are uninvited guests and people feel happy when they steal or destroy someone else's property, the computer world could not be deprived of this unfortunate phenomenon. It is truly detestable the perfidy of these attacks. For if it can be observed immediately the apparent lack of box jewelry, penetration of an accounting server can be detected after a few months when all clients have given up the company services because of the stolen data came to competition and have helped it to make best deals. Cybercrime is a phenomenon of our time, often reflected in the media. Forensic investigation of computer systems has a number of features that differentiate it fundamentally from other types of investigations. The computer itself is the main source of information for the investigator.
Evidence of validity and reliability of Jumpo 2 and MyJump 2 for estimating vertical jump variables
Authors: Vieira Amilton , Ribeiro Gabriela L. , Macedo Victor , de Araújo Rocha Junior Valdinar , Baptista Roberto de Souza , Gonçalves Carlos , Cunha Rafael , Tufano James 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundWe investigated the concurrent validity and test-retest reliability of the Jumpo 2 and MyJump 2 apps for estimating jump height, and the mean values of force, velocity, and power produced during countermovement (CMJ) and squat jumps (SJ).MethodsPhysically active university aged men (n = 10, 20 ± 3 years, 176 ± 6 cm, 68 ± 9 kg) jumped on a force plate (i.e., criterion) while being recorded by a smartphone slow-motion camera. The videos were analyzed using Jumpo 2 and MyJump 2 using a Samsung Galaxy S7 powered by the Android system. Validity and reliability were determined by regression analysis, typical error of estimates and measurements, and intraclass correlation coefficients.ResultsBoth apps provided a reliable estimate of jump height and the mean values of force, velocity, and power. Furthermore, estimates of jump height for CMJ and SJ and the mean force of the CMJ were valid. However, the apps presented impractical or poor validity correlations for velocity and power. Compared with criterion, the apps underestimated the velocity of the CMJ.ConclusionsTherefore, Jumpo 2 and MyJump 2 both provide a valid measure of jump height, but the remaining variables provided by these apps must be viewed with caution since the validity of force depends on jump type, while velocity (and as consequence power) could not be well estimated from the apps.
Decreased S100A9 expression alleviates Clostridium perfringens beta2 toxin-induced inflammatory injury in IPEC-J2 cells
Authors: Li Jie , Huang Xiaoyu , Xie Kaihui , Zhang Juanli , Yang Jiaojiao , Yan Zunqiang , Gun Shuangbao 
Published: January 2023

Background
S100 calcium-binding protein A9 (S100A9) is a commonly known pro-inflammatory factor involved in various inflammatory responses. Clostridium perfringens (C. perfringens ) type C is known to cause diarrhea in piglets. However, the role of S100A9 in C. perfringens type C-induced infectious diarrhea is unclear.

Methods
Here, the S100A9 gene was overexpressed and knocked down in the IPEC-J2 cells, which were treated with C. perfringens beta2 (CPB2) toxin. The role of S100A9 in CPB2 toxin-induced injury in IPEC-J2 cells was assessed by measuring the levels of inflammatory cytokines, reactive oxygen species (ROS), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), cell proliferation, and tight junction-related proteins.

Results
The results showed elevated expression of S100A9 in diarrhea-affected piglet tissues, and the elevation of S100A9 expression after CPB2 toxin treatment of IPEC-J2 was time-dependent. In CPB2 toxin-induced IPEC-J2 cells, overexpression of S100A9 had the following effects: the relative expression of inflammatory factors IL-6, IL8, TNF-α, and IL-1β was increased; the ROS levels and LDH viability were significantly increased; cell viability and proliferation were inhibited; the G0/G1 phase cell ratio was significantly increased. Furthermore, overexpression of S100A9 reduced the expression of tight junction proteins in CPB2-induced IPEC-J2 cells. The knockdown of S100A9 had an inverse effect. In conclusion, our results confirmed that S100A9 exacerbated inflammatory injury in CPB2 toxin-induced IPEC-J2 cells, inhibited cell viability and cell proliferation, and disrupted the tight junctions between cells. Thus, decreased S100A9 expression alleviates CPB2 toxin-induced inflammatory injury in IPEC-J2 cells.
Streaming Data Processing
Authors: Lemzin Alexander 
Published: January 2023

Aims: The data which is continuously being produced by hundreds of thousands of data sources is recognized as streamed data. The data which is processed via this kind of source is relatively smaller in size and is being sent at the same time it is generated.
Study Design: In streaming data, the data range is so wide like the telemetry from interconnected devices or other such forms of data with the inclusion of certain web applications. This information should be handled consecutively and steadily on a record-by-record premise or throughout sliding time windows and utilized for a wide assortment of examinations including relationships, totals, separating, and inspecting.
Place and Duration of Study: Service usage (for metering and billing), server activity, website clicks, and the geo-location of devices, people, and physical goods are just a few of the many aspects of a company's business and customer activity that can be seen through this type of analysis. It also enables companies to respond quickly to new arising situations.
Methodology: The research methodology is used for the current research work is the qualitative method through which the research studies of a similar domain are studied thoroughly. It has been analyzed that the specified changes in the large volumes of data can better be managed through stream data processing.
Results: The flaws of batch data processing are better dealt with through the usage of streaming data processing agenda. Real-time monitoring as well as response functionality are the keys to success in the given method of data processing.
Conclusion: Stream data processing connects analytics and applications. Because multiple systems can be constructed using the same architecture, this makes the construction of the infrastructure a similar architecture. It additionally allows designers to fabricate applications that utilize scientific outcomes to straightforwardly answer information experiences and make a move.