bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Leksykalne uwarunkowania legitymizacji na podstawie prawa konstytucyjnego
Authors: Nowotko Paweł 
Published: April 2023

Analiza semantyczna terminu „legitymizacja” jest zagadnieniem szczególnie doniosłym z uwagi na to, że ustalenie rozumienia tego terminu ma fundamentalne znaczenie dla dalszych rozważań nad tak ważnymi kwestiami, jak legitymizacja władzy sądowniczej czy pozycji ustrojowej sędziego. W doktrynie prawa konstytucyjnego brakuje pogłębionych analiz semantycznych, które pozwoliłyby na precyzyjną eksplikację tego, co myślą prawnicy, gdy używają terminu „legitymizacja”. Nawet pobieżna analiza literatury z tego zakresu pozwala na wyciągnięcie wstępnego wniosku, że w znacznej części rozpatrywanych spraw brak jest refleksji nad znaczeniem samego pojęcia „legitymizacja”. W niniejszym opracowaniu autor dokonał analizy definicji tego pojęcia, które pojawiają się w słownikach języka polskiego, a następnie skonfrontował ustalone znaczenia z rozumieniem „legitymizacji” w języku prawnym i prawniczym. We wnioskach autor wskazuje na dwa podstawowe sposoby rozumienia pojęcia „legitymizacja” i zaproponował ich rozróżnienie poprzez przypisanie jednemu z tych znaczeń terminu „legitymizacja”, a drugiemu „legitymacja”.
Modifikasi metode iterasi berorde tiga dengan orde konvergensi optimal
Authors: Agustina Annisa , Wartono Wartono 
Published: April 2023

Weerakoon-Fernando’s and Homeier’s methods are a third-order iterative method to solve nonlinear equations. A new third-order iterative method is constructed by sum of Weerakoon-Fernandon’s and Homeier’s method. This paper discusses the modification of the third-order iterative method using contra harmonic mean with involving one real parameter q. The aim of this modification is to improve the convergence order of the method and keep the number of function evaluations. Based on the result of study shows that the method has a third-order of convergence for and a fourth-order of convergence for with three evaluation of functions. Furthermore, numerical simulation is given to exam the perfomance of the methods. The measurement of performance of the methods, such as : number of iterations, number of function evaluations, numerical convergence order, and value of function, are compared with Newton’s, Weerakoon-Fernando’s, and Homeier’s methods. Generally, the result of numerical simulation shows that the new method for has better performance than others.
Keywords: Weerakoon-Fernando’s method, Homeier’smethod, order of convergence, contra harmonic mean, evaluation of functionMSC2020: 41A25, 41A58, 65H05
Positive unintended consequences of urbanization for
climate-resilience of stream ecosystems
Authors: Banner Jay , Black Bryan , Tremaine Darrell 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Developing sustainable urban systems is a fundamental societal challenge for the 21st century, and central Texas faces particularly synergistic challenges of a rapidly growing urban population and a projected increasingly drought-prone climate. To assess the history of urbanization impacts on watersheds here, we analyzed 51 cores from bald cypress trees in paired urban and rural watersheds in Austin, TX. We find a significant contrast between rural and urbanized watersheds. In the rural watershed, tree-ring-width growth histories (‘chronologies’) from 1844-2018 significantly and positively correlate (p < 0.01) with 1) one another, and 2) regional instrumental and proxy records of drought. In the urbanized watershed, by contrast, chronologies weakly correlate with one another, with instrumental records of drought, and with the rural chronologies and regional records.

Relatively weak drought limitations to urban tree growth are consistent with significant present-day transfer of municipal water from urban infrastructure by leakage and irrigation to the natural hydrologic system. We infer a significant, long-term contribution from infrastructure to baseflow in urbanized watersheds. In contrast to the common negative impacts of ‘urban stream syndrome’, such sustained baseflow in watersheds with failing infrastructure may become an unintended positive consequence for stream ecosystems, as a mitigation against projected extended 21st century droughts. Riparian trees may serve as a proxy for past impacts of urbanization on natural streams, which may inform sustainable urban development.
Deep learning for improving the image quality of elastic seismic data
Authors: zheng wanqiu , meng xiaohong , Wang Jian 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Elastic reverse time migration is currently an advanced imaging method in the petroleum industry. Generally, we use a finite difference algorithm to discretize forward-propagated wavefield and the back-propagated wavefield , then obtain the final image profile through cross-correlation imaging conditions . To overcome the numerical dispersion of elastic reverse time migration, one all-new strategy proposed in our letter, we design a kind of residual learning network of deep CNN for the seismic date to correct the dispersion of lower order finite difference operator, that is, both for seismic receiver data and wavefields data . In the process of elastic reverse time migration, we modify the numerical dispersion of forward-propagated wavefield, back-propagated wavefield and receiver data respectively, and then calculate the cross-correlation to obtain a more accurate image of underground structure . Residual learning and bath normalization were used to improve the trained seismic network . The test verified that our algorithm is more accurate when compared with the original finite difference method.
Enhanced degradation and methane production of food waste anaerobic digestate by microbial electrolysis cell for a long-term running
Authors: Zhu Yusen , Guo Meixin , Qi Xuejiao , Li Mingxiao , Guo Meng , Jia Xuan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) is a new way to enhance degradation of food waste anaerobic digestate and recover methane. Through long-term operation, the start-up method, organic load, and methane production mechanism of the digestate have been optimized. At an organic load of 4000 mg/L, MEC increased methane production by 3–4 times and COD removal by 20.3% compare with anaerobic digestion (AD). The abundance of bacteria Fastidiosipila and Geobacter, which participated in the acid degradation and direct electron transfer in the MEC, increased dramatically than that in the AD. The dominant methanogenic archaea in the MEC and AD was Methanobacterium (44.4–56.3%) and Methanocalculus (70.05%), respectively. Geobacter and Methanobacterium dominated the MEC by direct electron transfer of organic matter into synthetic methane intermediates. MEC showed a perfect COD removal efficiency of the digestate, meanwhile CH4 as a clean energy was obtained. Thus, MEC was a promising technology for deep energy from digestate.
DEFB119 stratifies dysbiosis with distorted networks in the seminal microbiome associated with male infertility
Authors: Jin Jing , Yim Howard Chi Ho , Chang Hsiao Mei Ellie , Wang Yiwei , Chan Sze Yan , Alqawasmeh Odai , Liao Jinyue , Jiang Xiaotao , Chan David Yiu Leung , Fok Ellis Kin Lam 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Infertility is associated with the alteration of the seminal microbiome. However, how the onset of dysbiosis remains controversial and the involvement of host factors remains elusive. This study investigates the alterations of the seminal microbiome in male infertility and examines the association and function of DEFB119, a reproductive-tract-specific host antimicrobial peptide, on the seminal microbiome and male fertility.
Results
We analyzed the seminal microbiome by 16S rRNA sequencing in 30 individuals with normal sperm parameters and 58 male-factor infertile patients. While we observed comparable genera, diversity and evenness of bacterial communities, a marked decrease in the modularity of the metacommunities was observed in patients with abnormal spermiogram. Analysis of the protein level of DEFB119 by ELISA revealed a marked elevation of DEFB119 in a subpopulation of male-infertile patients. Elevated seminal DEFB119 was associated with a decrease in the observed genera, diversity and evenness of bacterial communities and further distortion of the metacommunities. Mediation analysis suggests the involvement of elevated DEFB119 and dysbiosis of the seminal microbiome in mediating the abnormalities in the spermiogram. Functional experiments showed that recombinant DEFB119 significantly decrease the progressive motility of sperm in patients with abnormal spermiogram. Moreover, DEFB119 demonstrated species-specific antimicrobial activity against common seminal and non-seminal species.
Conclusions
Male infertility is associated with distorted bacterial networks. Elevation of the DEFB119 level in seminal plasma stratifies male infertile patients with dysbiosis of the seminal microbiome. Both elevated DEFB119 and dysbiosis contribute to the abnormal spermiogram. Our work identifies an important host factor that mediates the host-microbiome interaction and stratifies the seminal microbiome associated with male infertility. These results may lead to a new diagnostic method for male infertility and regimens for formulating the microbiome in the reproductive tract and other organ systems.
Automated DEM Extraction Process Applying Denoised Stereo Images and Optimal Number of Tie Points
Authors: Bopche Litesh , Rege Priti P. , Kulkarni Samadhan C. , Dandawate Yogesh H. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Digital Elevation Model (DEM) has received more attention nowadays attributed to its ability to learn the topography of the Earth's surface. A DEM is acknowledged as a basic geospatial dataset requirement for many environmental and geographical applications. In this study, a high resolution and high accuracy DEM is created using high spatial resolution stereo imagery of the region captured by the image acquisition system of the Cartosat-1 sensor. This research proposed a study to investigate the impact of Noise Reduction Filters (NRFs) on the accuracy of the derived DEM under different topographical circumstances. The most suitable NRFs for stereo imagery of the Cartosat-1 sensor are selected by comparing popular conventional and adaptive spatial domain filters. The DEM is extracted from the denoised stereo imagery of the Cartosat-1 sensor using the Automated Tie Point (ATP) selection method. The selection and positioning of the ATPs on the stereo imageries have a considerable impact on the accuracy and quality of the DEM. Additionally, the current work provides information on the optimum number of ATPs on stereo imageries in the image matching process for various topographic situations. The accuracy of the extracted DEM is evaluated quantitatively using a variety of statistical measures.
Disentangling the contribution of individual and social learning processes in human advice-taking behavior
Authors: Pereg Maayan , Hertz Uri , Ben-Artzi Ido , Shahar Nitzan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The study of social learning examines how individuals learn from others by means of observation, imitation, or compliance with advice. However, it still remains largely unknown whether social learning processes have a distinct contribution to choice behavior, independent from non-social trial-and-error learning that often occurs simultaneously. 153 participants completed a reinforcement learning task, where they were asked to make choices to gain rewards. Advice from an artificial teacher was presented on 60% of the trials, allowing us to compare choice behavior with and without advice. Results showed a strong and reliable tendency to follow advice (test-retest reliability ~ .73). Computational modeling suggested a unique contribution of three distinct learning strategies: (a) individual learning (i.e., learning the value of actions, independent of advice), (b) informed advice-taking (i.e., learning the value of following advice), and (c) non-informed advice-taking (i.e., a constant bias to follow advice regardless of outcome history). Computational lesion simulations analyses provided specific regression signatures to both informed and non-informed advice taking processes that were then confirmed by empirical data. We discuss the theoretical implications of integrating internal and external information during the learning process.
Interfacial alloying between lead halide perovskite crystals and hybrid glasses
Authors: Hou Jingwei , Li Xuemei , Huang Wengang , Krajnc Andraž , Yang Yuwei , Shukla Atul , Lee Jaeho , Ghasemi Merhi , Martens Isaac , Chan Bun , Appadoo Dominique , Chen Peng , Wen Xiaoming , Steele Julian A. , Sun Qiang , Mali Gregor , Lin Rijia , Bedford Nicholas , Chen Vicki , Cheetham Anthony K. , Tizei Luiz H G , Collins Sean , Wang Lianzhou 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The stellar optoelectronic properties of metal halide perovskites provide enormous promise for next-generation optical devices with excellent conversion efficiencies and lower manufacturing costs. However, there is a long-standing ambiguity as to whether the perovskite surface/interface (e.g. structure, charge transfer or source of off-target recombination) or bulk properties are the more determining factor in device performance. We fabricated an array of CsPbI3 crystal and hybrid glass composites by sintering and globally visualised the property-performance landscape. Our findings reveal that the interface is the primary determinant of the crystal phases, optoelectronic quality, and stability of CsPbI3. In particular, the presence of a diffusion "alloying" layer is discovered to be critical for passivating surface traps, and beneficially altering the energy landscape of crystal phases. However, high-temperature sintering results in the promotion of a non-stoichiometric perovskite and excess traps at the interface, despite the short-range structure of halide is retained within the alloying layer. By shedding light on functional hetero-interfaces, our research offers the key factors for engineering high-performance perovskite devices.
Discovery of 36 loci significantly associated with stuttering
Authors: Below Jennifer , Polikowsky Hannah , Scartozzi Alyssa , Shaw Douglas , Pruett Dillon , Chen Hung-Hsin , Petty Lauren , Petty Alexander , Lowther Emily , Yu Yao ,   23andMe Research Team, Highland Heather , Avery Christy , Harris Kathleen Mullan , Gordon Reyna , Beilby Janet , Viljoen Kathy , Jones Robin , Huff Chad , Kraft Shelly Jo 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Developmental stuttering is a common speech disorder (studies estimate at least a 5% lifetime prevalence) characterized by prolongations, blocks, and repetitions of speech sounds. In approximately 75–80% of cases in early childhood, stuttering will resolve within a few years (referred to as ‘recovery’); the remaining cases will often experience stuttering into school-age years and adulthood (referred to as ‘persistence’). In adults, the prevalence of stuttering is substantially higher in men compared to women, at a ratio of 4:1 or greater (compared to between 1:1 and 2:1 in young children); this has typically been explained by differences in likelihood of recovery by sex. Heritability studies have established that a genetic component for stuttering exists, with heritability estimates as high as 84%. However, genetic factors impacting stuttering risk remain largely uncharacterized. To date, only two prior genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of developmental stuttering have been published, both of which included less than 10,000 cases. Here, we performed eight self-reported stuttering GWAS that were stratified by sex and ancestries. These analyses included more than 1 million individuals (99,776 cases and 1,023,243 controls) and identified 36 unique genome-wide significant loci. We validated the self-reported stuttering phenotype using polygenic risk scores from two independent stuttering datasets. We examined genetic correlation of our GWAS results with published GWAS for other previously identified comorbid traits and found strong evidence of correlation with hearing loss, daytime sleepiness, depression, and poorer beat synchronization. We also performed Mendelian randomization analyses which revealed distinct causal relationships in males and females for genetically associated traits. These distinct causal relationships motivate continued research into sex-specific phenotypic differences, with emphasis on recovery status. Additionally, a high proportion of genes impacting stuttering risk were found to be associated with neurological traits from the GWAS catalog, supporting a neurological basis for stuttering. Our findings provide the first well-powered insight into genetic factors underlying stuttering, representing a major step forward in our understanding of this condition.
Timetable synchronization of the first train with multiple departure stations in urban rail transit networks
Authors: Chen Yu-Zhang , Xu Yuan-Hao , Shi Cong-Ling , Hu Mao-Bin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
With the development of urban rail transit systems, the operation and management of the system faces various problems, among which the unreasonably long waiting time at transfer stations during the first train period is a major challenge for metro companies. To address this problem, some cities (e.g. Guangzhou, Hefei) are operating inter-regional trains to reduce the waiting time of passengers. With this motivation, we study the first train timetable synchronization problem with multiple departure stations. The problem is first formulated as a mixed integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) model. By using auxiliary intermediate variables, the nonlinear model is reformulated as a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) model, which can be solved directly by the commercial solver COPT. A real-world example of the Hefei urban rail transit network is applied to test the effectiveness of the proposed model. By adjusting the first ordinary train start service times and operating 12 additional inter-regional trains on 2 bidirectional lines, the total transfer waiting time and the number of long waiting time directions decreased by 39.09% and 56.25%, respectively.
A novel agonist antibody to membrane-bound guanylate cyclase receptor, natriuretic peptide receptor 1, induces sustained vasodilation
Authors: Dunn Michael , Kithcart Aaron , Kim Jee Hae , Ho Andre Jo-Hao , Franklin Matthew , Hernandez Annabel Romero , de Hoon Jan , Botermans Wouter , Meyer Jonathan , Jin Ximei , Zhang Dongqin , Torello Justin , Jasewicz Daniel , Kamat Vishal , Garnova Elena , Liu Nina , Rosconi Michael , Pan Hao , Karnik Satyajit , Burczynski Michael , Zheng Wenjun , Nielsen Jonas , De Tanima , Verweij Niek , Pandit Anita , Locke Adam , Chalasani Naga , Melander Olle , Schwantes-An Tae-Hwi , Baras Aris , Lotta Luca , Musser Bret , Mastaitis Jason , Devalaraja-Narashimha Kishor , Rankin Andrew , Huang Tammy , Herman Gary , Olson William , Murphy Andrew , Yancopoulos George , Olenchock Benjamin , Morton Lori 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Heart failure (HF) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Elevated intracardiac pressures and myocyte stretch in HF triggers release of counter-regulatory natriuretic peptides (NPs), which act via their receptor (NPR1) to affect vasodilation and natriuresis, lowering venous pressures and relieving venous congestion. Recombinant NP infusions were developed to treat HF but have been limited by a short duration of effect. Here, we report that, in a human genetic analysis of over 700,000 individuals, lifelong exposure to coding variants in the NPR1 gene are associated with changes in blood pressure (BP) and risk of HF. We then describe the development of an NPR1-agonist antibody, REGN5381, a novel investigational monoclonal agonist antibody targeting a membrane-bound guanylate cyclase receptor. REGN5381, an allosteric agonist of NPR1, induces an active-like receptor conformation resulting in hemodynamic effects preferentially on venous vasculature, including reductions in systolic BP and venous pressure in animal models. In healthy human volunteers, REGN5381 produced the expected hemodynamic effects, reflecting reductions in venous pressures. These data support the development of REGN5381 for long-lasting and selective lowering of venous pressures that drive symptomatology in patients with HF.
Involvement of the University of Rwanda in medical and surgical research: a bibliometric analysis of achievements and gaps
Authors: Sibomana Olivier , Mbonyinshuti Eruine 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background In the past few decades, global health research has grown incredibly quickly. The interest of scientists and medical professionals in evidence-based medicine (EBM), new drug and vaccine discovery are among the main reasons for the rapid increase of the scholarly literature in health research. The aim of this study is to analyse the scholarly literature published by researchers affiliated with the University of Rwanda (UR) and discover the achievements and gaps in medical and surgical research in UR.Methods The University of Rwanda was searched in Lens Scholarly Works, and all articles connected to the university were discovered. We filtered the initial results by field of study to locate materials that were published in medical and surgical fields. Except for co-authorship and keyword co-occurrence analysis which were done using VOSviewer software, all bibliometric analyses were carried out using Lens database.Results For the initial search, University of Rwanda was associated with 2,821 articles. After careful assessment of publications based on their field of study, a total of 1, 220 and 106 publications were found to be in the medical and surgical fields respectively. The analysis was based on the category of scholarly work, the chemicals of focus of the study, the authors, the funders, and the journal that published the study. Journal articles constitute a sizable fraction of these publications, whereas conference articles, book chapters, reprints, and reports make up a far smaller portion. By comparing the numbers of publications, authors, and funding in the surgical and medical field, many gaps are apparent in surgical than medical research field.Conclusion Although there is an increase in number of publications in the University of Rwanda, the number of medical and surgical literature in UR is still low. Improving mentorship to students and involving them in ongoing research projects; not restricting them to only data collection but allow them to participate in peer-reviewed publications are key measures to increase number of medical and surgical scholarly publications in University of Rwanda.