bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phenotype alteration causes long-term changes to the social strategies of victimised birds
Authors: Liste Guiomar , Estevez Inma 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPhenotype alterations can occur naturally during the life span of the domestic fowl. These alterations increase the risk to become a target of aggression and may cause a severe impact on the welfare of affected birds. We analysed the behavioural consequences of sequential phenotype alterations and their long-term effects within stable social groups of adult birds differing in group size. Phenotypically homogeneous groups, with 100% or 0% marked individuals, and heterogeneous groups, with 70%, 50% or 30% marked birds, were housed at constant density in groups of 10, 20 or 40. We applied sequential phenotype alterations to homogeneous groups (by marking or unmarking birds) and compared their behavioural response to heterogeneous groups considered controls. Results show that aggression was greatly affected by phenotype alteration but, unexpectedly, group size did not play any relevant role modulating social responses. Aggression was directed towards the first altered birds and was significantly higher than in control groups. Long term effects were detected, as victimized individuals failed to engage in aggression at any time and adapted their behaviour to minimize aggressive encounters (e.g. high perch use). Therefore, we provide evidence of long-lasting submissive strategies in stable groups of adult domestic fowl, highlighting the relevance of phenotype alteration on the social dynamics of affected birds. Phenotype alterations could help explain much of the targeted aggression observed in producing flocks which severely affects animal welfare.
A cost-effectiveness evaluation of latent tuberculosis infection screening of a migrant population in Malaysia
Authors: Barker Erin , Moss Joe , Holmes Hayden , Bowe Catherine , Suryaprakash Vinay , Alagna Riccardo , Nikolayevskyy Vladyslav , Destito Marc , Manissero Davide 
Published: February 2023

AbstractTo estimate the costs and benefits of screening for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in a migrant population in Malaysia. An economic model was developed from a Malaysian healthcare perspective to compare QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus (QuantiFERON) with the tuberculin skin test (TST). A decision tree was used to capture outcomes relating to LTBI screening followed by a Markov model that simulated the lifetime costs and benefits of the patient cohort. The Markov model did not capture the impact of secondary infections. The model included an R shiny interactive interface to allow adaptation to other scenarios and settings. QuantiFERON is both more effective and less costly than TST (dominant). Compared with QuantiFERON, the lifetime risk of developing active TB increases by approximately 40% for TST due to missed LTBI cases during screening (i.e. a higher number of false negative cases for TST). For a migrant population in Malaysia, QuantiFERON is cost-effective when compared with TST. Further research should consider targeted LTBI screening for migrants in Malaysia based on common risk factors.
ALMA–IMF
Authors: Nony T. , Galván-Madrid R. , Motte F. , Pouteau Y. , Cunningham N. , Louvet F. , Stutz A. M. , Lefloch B. , Bontemps S. , Brouillet N. , Ginsburg A. , Joncour I. , Herpin F. , Sanhueza P. , Csengeri T. , Towner A. P. M. , Bonfand M. , Fernández-López M. , Baug T. , Bronfman L. , Busquet G. , Di Francesco J. , Gusdorf A. , Lu X. , Olguin F. , Valeille-Manet M. , Whitworth A. P. 
Published: February 2023

Context.The origin of the stellar initial mass function (IMF) and its relation with the core mass function (CMF) are actively debated issues with important implications in astrophysics. Recent observations in the W43 molecular complex of top-heavy CMFs, with an excess of high-mass cores compared to the canonical mass distribution, raise questions about our understanding of the star formation processes and their evolution in space and time.Aims.We aim to compare populations of protostellar and prestellar cores in three regions imaged in the ALMA-IMF Large Program.Methods.We created an homogeneous core catalogue in W43, combining a new core extraction in W43-MM1 with the catalogue of W43-MM2&MM3 presented in a previous work. Our detailed search for protostellar outflows enabled us to identify between 23 and 30 protostellar cores out of 127 cores in W43-MM1 and between 42 and 51 protostellar cores out of 205 cores in W43-MM2&MM3. Cores with neither outflows nor hot core emission are classified as prestellar candidates.Results.We found a similar fraction of cores which are protostellar in the two regions, about 35%. This fraction strongly varies in mass, fromfpro≃ 15–20% at low mass, between 0.8 and 3M⊙up tofpro≃ 80% above 16M⊙. Protostellar cores are found to be, on average, more massive and smaller in size than prestellar cores. Our analysis also revealed that the high-mass slope of the prestellar CMF in W43,α= -1.46-0.19+0.12, is consistent with the Salpeter slope, and thus the top-heavy form measured for the global CMF,α= −0.96 ± 0.09, is due to the protostellar core population.Conclusions.Our results could be explained by ‘clump-fed’ models in which cores grow in mass, especially during the protostellar phase, through inflow from their environment. The difference between the slopes of the prestellar and protostellar CMFs moreover implies that high-mass cores grow more in mass than low-mass cores.
Do Histologically Aggressive Subtypes of Papillary Thyroid
Microcarcinoma have Worse Clinical Outcome than Non-Aggressive Papillary Thyroid
Microcarcinoma Subtypes? A Multicenter Cohort Study
Authors: Zuhur Sayid Shafi , Aggul Hunkar , Avci Ugur , Erol Selvinaz , Tuna Mazhar Müslüm , Uysal Serhat , Akbaba Gulhan , Kilinç Faruk , Catak Merve , Tekin Sakin , Bilen Ogun Irem , Öztürk Beyza Olcay , Erden Ecem Bilgehan , Elbuken Gulsah , Yavuz Halise Cinar , Kadioglu Pinar , Cinar Nese , Kutluturk Faruk , Bayraktaroglu Taner , Topçu Birol , Arslan Aysegul Isal , Gucer Hasan , Cihangiroglu Gulcin , Topal Cumhur Selcuk , Ozturk Tulin , Tekin Leyla , Artas Gokhan , Akcay Elif , Gun Banu Dogan , Altuntas Yuksel 
Published: February 2023

AbstractHistologically aggressive micropapillary thyroid carcinomas (PTMC) subtypes are
thought to be associated with an aggressive clinical course. However, evidence
for unfavorable clinical outcomes in patients with aggressive PTMC subtypes is
not clear. In this study, we intended to determine the difference in clinical
outcomes between patients with aggressive and non-aggressive PTMC subtypes. In
this multicenter cohort study, the computer-recorded clinical and
histopathological data of patients who underwent thyroid surgery between January
2000 - January 2021 in 9 referral centers and were diagnosed as PTMC were
analyzed. A total of 1585 patients [female 1340 (84.5%), male 245
(15.5%), mean age 47.9±11.63 years), with a mean follow-up time
of 66.55±37.16 months], were included in the study. Ninety-eight cases
were diagnosed as aggressive and 1487 as non-aggressive subtypes.
Persistent/recurrent disease was observed in 33 (33.7% )and 41
(2.8%) patients with aggressive and non-aggressive subtypes
(p<0.001). Diseases-free survival rates were markedly lower in patients
with aggressive than in those with non-aggressive PTMC subtypes (66.3 vs.
94.8%, log-rank p<0.001). Moreover, in multivariate analysis,
aggressive histology was an independent predictor of
persistent/recurrent disease, after controlling for other contributing
factors (HR 5.78, 95% CI 3.32–10, p<0.001). Patients
with aggressive PTMC subtypes had higher rates of incomplete biochemical and
structural response than patients with non-aggressive subtypes as well
(p<0.001). Aggressive PTMC subtypes share many characteristics with
histologically identical tumors>1 cm in size. Therefore, the
histopathological subtype of PTMC should be taken into consideration to tailor a
personalized management plan.
A French Real-World Evidence Study Evaluating the Efficacy, Safety, and Pharmacokinetic Parameters of rVIII-SingleChain in Patients with Hemophilia A Receiving Prophylaxis
Authors: Guillet Benoit , Hassoun Abel , Wibaut Bénédicte , Harroche Annie , Biron-Andréani Christine , Repesse Yohan , d'Oiron Roseline , Tardy Brigitte , Pan Petesch Brigitte , Chamouni Pierre , Gay Valérie , Fouassier Marc , Pouplard Claire , Martin Cédric , Catovic Hasan , Delavenne Xavier 
Published: February 2023

Background rVIII-SingleChain is a recombinant factor VIII (FVIII) with increased binding affinity to von Willebrand factor compared with other FVIII products. rVIII-SingleChain is indicated for the treatment and prevention of bleeding episodes in patients with hemophilia A.Objectives To collect real-world evidence data from patients treated with rVIII-SingleChain to confirm the efficacy and safety established in the clinical trial program and carry out a population pharmacokinetic (PK) analysis.Methods This interim analysis includes data, collected between January 2018 — September 2021, from patients treated with rVIII-SingleChain prophylaxis at French Hemophilia Treatment centers. Data on annualized bleeding rates, dosing frequency, and consumption before and after switching to rVIII-SingleChain were recorded. A population PK analysis was also conducted to estimate PK parameters.Results Overall, 43 patients switched to prophylaxis with rVIII-SingleChain either from a previous prophylaxis regimen or from on-demand treatment. Following the switch to rVIII-SingleChain, patients maintained excellent bleed control. After switching to rVIII-SingleChain, most patients maintained or reduced their regimen. Interestingly, a majority of patients treated >2 ×/weekly with a standard half-life FVIII reduced both injection frequency and FVIII consumption with rVIII-SingleChain. A PK analysis revealed a lower clearance of rVIII-SingleChain (1.9 vs. 2.1 dL/h) and a longer half-life both in adolescents/adults (n = 28) and pediatric (n = 6) patients (15.5 and 11.9 hours, respectively vs. 14.5 and 10.3 hours) than previously reported.Conclusions Patients who switched to rVIII-SingleChain prophylaxis demonstrated excellent bleed control and a reduction in infusion frequency. A population PK analysis revealed improved PK parameters compared with those reported in the clinical trial.
Outcome in Childhood Stroke: Comparing Functional Outcome by Modified Rankin Scale with Neurological Outcome by Pediatric Stroke Outcome Measure
Authors: Aprasidze Tatia , Shatirishvili Teona , Oesch Gabriela , Lomidze Giorgi , Tatishvili Nana 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDifferent scales are used as outcome predictors following arterial ischemic stroke (AIS) in children. Pediatric stroke outcome measure (PSOM) gives information about neurological deficits and function and modified Rankin scale (mRS) about functional outcome. Research examining the relationship between the two measures is scarce. The aim of this study is to correlate the two different scales and to get some information on the long course of outcomes according to these outcome measures. Sixty-one children with the diagnosis of AIS and normal neurodevelopment prior to stroke were investigated. Results of outcome measures (PSOM and mRS) from ≥ 2 years of follow-up were analyzed. Changes of neurological deficits (subcategories of PSOM) over time (discharge, 6 months, and ≥2 years) and prognostic impact on the outcome of the Pediatric National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale and etiology/risk factors are presented.Cramer's V with a coefficient of 0.836 (df-1) indicates a strong association between dichotomized total PSOM and mRS scores. The correlation between the total scales was strong (rho = 0.983, p < 0.001). The correlation coefficient was highest for sensorimotor (rho = 0.949, p < 0.001), then for language (rho = 0.464, p < 0.001) and cognitive (rho = 0.363, p = 0.004) subscales. PSOM scores improved at 6 months compared to the discharge state in sensorimotor (p<0.001) and language (p<0.026) domains, however, there was no statistically significant difference between PSOM scores at 6 months and >2 years follow-up. There was no improvement in cognitive PSOM scores during the follow-up period.There was a high concordance level between the two scales, illustrating that long-term neurological deficits after stroke are related to poor functional outcome. Significant improvement of sensorimotor and language function happened within the period from onset to 6 months of follow-up. Thus, early mobilization of appropriate rehabilitative therapy might improve the outcome. We conclude that both outcome classifications are applicable for assessing outcome after childhood AIS.
Epilepsy Diagnosis Delay in a Tertiary Hospital Center: What Facts, for What Reasons?
Authors: Naji Yahya , Bentaher Hasna , Boudanga Assma , Kissani Najib 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Objectives Epilepsy remains a public health problem in developing countries, especially in Morocco. This prospective study was performed to expose new data about the time required to diagnose epilepsy in a tertiary hospital center and the main reasons behind its delay.
Methods From January 2018 to December 2019, time from first seizure to diagnosis was acquired from 300 patients using face-to-face interview with pre-established sheet at the neurology department in tertiary hospital center (Marrakech, Morocco).
Results Of the 300 patients, the mean epilepsy diagnosis delay was about 5 years, ranging from 1 month to over 40 years, with an 18 months difference between urban and rural habitation. About 36.4% had a delayed diagnosis of 1 year, 34% delayed by more than 5 years, and 26% delayed above 10 years. The main type of seizures was focal, mainly affecting young male patients. Rural habitation and seizure type impact significantly the delay of diagnosis.
Conclusion This study revealed considerable epilepsy diagnosis delay with a statistically significant impact of rural habitation and seizure type. New and efficient strategies are needed to be developed to reduce the delay in epilepsy diagnosis and improve epilepsy care.
Coordination of cybersecurity risk management in the U.K. insurance sector
Authors: Klumpes Paul 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe increasing threat of cyberattacks has resulted in increased efforts by both the U.K. government and regulatory authorities to coordinate efforts to influence cybersecurity risk management practices in the U.K. insurance sector, focusing on cyber risk underwriters. This paper provides an evaluation of these arrangements. It first provides a descriptive overview of the key U.K. regulatory authorities and the evolution of their efforts over the past decade, as well as the scope for broader collaborations with industry and member-based associations and international organisations. It then evaluates the effectiveness of these efforts by providing a multi-method study of the incidence, nature and evolution of cost of data breaches, investment in computer systems and software intangible assets at risk of cyberattack, and a content analysis of annual reports of both U.K. regulators and a sample of U.K. insurers. The findings suggest that while both the total costs of data breaches and the size of investment in computer systems and software intangibles at risk of cyberattack have gradually increased over time, the degree of engagement with cyber as a reporting issue by both cyber insurers and financial regulators has not. It is concluded that while these efforts have been apparently successful in avoiding a large-scale, systemic cyberattack on the U.K. insurance industry, there are significant gaps and overlaps in the system of cyber regulatory oversight.
First-principles study of the structural and electronic properties of tetragonal ZrOX (X = S, Se, and Te) monolayers and their vdW heterostructures for applications in optoelectronics and photocatalysis
Authors: Said Imen , Gueddida Saber , Barhoumi Mohamed , Pascale Fabien , Said Moncef , Lebègue Sébastien 
Published: February 2023

Using first-principles calculations, we have studied the structural and electronic properties of ZrOX (X = S, Se, and Te) monolayers and their van der Waals heterostructures in the tetragonal structure. Our results show that these monolayers are dynamically stable and are semiconductors with electronic bandgaps ranging from 1.98 to 3.16 eV as obtained with the GW approximation. By computing their band edges, we show that ZrOS and ZrOSe are of interest for water splitting applications. In addition, the van der Waals heterostructures formed by these monolayers show a type I band alignment for ZrOTe/ZrOSe and a type II alignment for the other two heterostructures, making them potential candidates for certain optoelectronic applications involving electron/hole separation.
Roadmap on artificial intelligence and big data techniques for superconductivity
Authors: Yazdani-Asrami Mohammad , Song Wenjuan , Morandi Antonio , De Carne Giovanni , Murta-Pina Joao , Pronto Anabela , Oliveira Roberto , Grilli Francesco , Pardo Enric , Parizh Michael , Shen Boyang , Coombs Tim , Salmi Tiina , Wu Di , Coatanea Eric , Moseley Dominic A , Badcock Rodney A , Zhang Mengjie , Marinozzi Vittorio , Tran Nhan , Wielgosz Maciej , Skoczeń Andrzej , Tzelepis Dimitrios , Meliopoulos Sakis , Vilhena Nuno , Sotelo Guilherme , Jiang Zhenan , Große Veit , Bagni Tommaso , Mauro Diego , Senatore Carmine , Mankevich Alexey , Amelichev Vadim , Samoilenkov Sergey , Yoon Tiem Leong , Wang Yao , Camata Renato P , Chen Cheng-Chien , Madureira Ana Maria , Abraham Ajith 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis paper presents a roadmap to the application of AI techniques and big data (BD) for different modelling, design, monitoring, manufacturing and operation purposes of different superconducting applications. To help superconductivity researchers, engineers, and manufacturers understand the viability of using AI and BD techniques as future solutions for challenges in superconductivity, a series of short articles are presented to outline some of the potential applications and solutions. These potential futuristic routes and their materials/technologies are considered for a 10–20 yr time-frame.
Structural, optical, and electronic properties of boron nitride incorporated mobius carbon nanoribbon: a DFT calculation
Authors: Ahmed Mohammad Tanvir , Islam Shariful , Ahmed Farid 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The interesting characteristics of Mobius structure inspired this research to study the effect of Boron-Nitride incorporation on Mobius Carbon (M-CX; X = 48, 44, 24, 12, 4, and 0) nanoribbon. The structural stability, vibrational, electronic, and optical properties of M-CX nanoribbons have been studied via density functional theory. The negative formation energy and real vibrational frequency verified the structural stability and natural existence of the M-CX. All the structures showed a high absorption coefficient over 104 cm−1 and a semiconductor-to-insulator transition with decreasing Carbon concentration in the M-CX structure. The M-C48 structure has the maximum reactivity whereas the M-C0 structure is chemically more stable. The observed optical and electronic studies suggest the structures are potential materials for optoelectronic research.
Vacuum decay actions from tunneling potentials for general spacetime dimension
Authors: Espinosa J.R. , Fortin J.-F. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The tunneling potential method to calculate the action for vacuum decay is an alternative to the Euclidean bounce method that has a number of attractive features. In this paper we extend the formalism to general spacetime dimension d > 2 and use it to give simple proofs of several results. For Minkowski or Anti de Sitter false vacua, we show that gravity or higher barriers increase vacuum lifetime and describe a very clean picture of gravitational
quenching of vacuum decay. We also derive the thin-wall limit of the action, show how detailed balance for dS to dS transitions works in the new formalism and how to obtain potentials for which the vacuum decay solution can be obtained analytically.
Tideless traversable wormholes surrounded by cloud of strings in f(R) gravity
Authors: Gogoi Dhruba Jyoti , Dev Goswami Umananda 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We study the tideless traversable wormholes in the f(R) gravity metric
formalism. First we consider three shape functions of wormholes and study
their viabilities and structures. The connection between the f(R) gravity
model and wormhole shape function has been studied and the dependency of the
f(R) gravity model with the shape function is shown. We also obtain a
wormhole solution in the f(R) gravity Starobinsky model surrounded by a
cloud of strings. In this case, the wormhole shape function depends on both
the Starobinsky model parameter and the cloud of strings parameter. The
structure and height of the wormhole is highly affected by the cloud of
strings parameter, while it is less sensitive to the Starobinsky model
parameter. The energy conditions have been studied and we found the ranges of
the null energy condition violation for all wormhole structures. The
quasinormal modes from these wormhole structures for the scalar and Dirac
perturbations are studied using higher order WKB approximation methods. The
quasinormal modes for the toy shape functions depend highly on the model
parameters. In case of the Starobinsky model's wormhole the quasinormal
frequencies and the damping rate increase with an increase in the Starobinsky
model parameter in scalar perturbation. Whereas in Dirac perturbation, with
an increase in the Starobinsky model parameter the quasinormal frequencies
decrease and the damping rate increases. The cloud of strings parameter also
impacts prominently and differently the quasinormal modes from the wormhole
in the Starobinsky model.