bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
‘Parents Are the First Tutors of Their Child’: Parents' Perception of Responsibility on Practicing Speech–Language Home Program During COVID‐19 Lockdown
Authors: Wong Yee Yan , Yap Joo Siew , Chu Shin Ying , Smith Giuditta , Woi Pui Juan , Chai Siaw Chui , Ng Lay Shi , Lin Ling‐Yi , Garraffa Maria 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackground and ObjectivesSome families faced difficulties accessing speech therapy in some areas of Malaysia and/or during the COVID‐19 lockdown. Therefore, parent‐mediated intervention could be one of the ways to solve this issue, as it has been proven to effectively improve communication skills among children with communication disorders. Hence, a Mandarin parental guidebook comprising a series of language stimulation activities was developed to explore the perception of parents of children with communication disorders, ranging from 3 to 6 years old, regarding the feasibility of (1) conducting speech–language home programs and (2) using a home‐based parental guidebook as a tool to deliver a speech–language home program.Design, Setting and ParticipantsSemistructured interviews were conducted with nine Malaysian parents of child (ren) with communication disorders, who fulfilled the inclusionary criteria. Parents had attempted the speech–language home program by using the guidebook prior to the interview. The participants were subjected to 45‐min to 1‐h interviews. The interviews were audio‐ or video‐recorded for verbatim transcription. Thematic analysis was used for data interpretation.ResultsFour main themes were identified: (1) ‘Golden Period’: a guidebook to deliver speech–language home program, (2) perception of the speech–language home program among parents of children with communication disorders, (3) challenges faced by parents when practicing speech–language home program and (4) suggestions for improvements: parent's needs. The themes informed the perspective of parents towards the user experience of the parental guidebook, the feasibility of the speech–language home program and their recommendations. Overall, participants conveyed positive responses on the parental guidebook.ConclusionsMalaysian parents face difficulties in accessing speech therapy because of limited numbers of SLTs, geographical barriers, financial constraints, availability of facilities and so forth. Findings could assist SLTs in adopting a family‐centred approach in their service delivery, thus increasing the cost‐effectiveness of their service delivery.
Genomic Insights Into Red Squirrels in Scotland Reveal Loss of Heterozygosity Associated With Extreme Founder Effects
Authors: Marr Melissa M. , Humble Emily , Lurz Peter W. W. , Wilson Liam A. , Milne Elspeth , Beckmann Katie M. , Schoenebeck Jeffrey , Fung Uva‐Yu‐Yan , Kitchener Andrew C. , Kortland Kenny , Edwards Colin , Ogden Rob 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTRemnant populations of endangered species often have complex demographic histories associated with human impact. This can present challenges for conservation as populations modified by human activity may require bespoke management. The Eurasian red squirrel, Sciurus vulgaris (L., 1758), is endangered in the UK. Scotland represents a key stronghold, but Scottish populations have been subjected to intense anthropogenic influence, including widespread extirpations, reintroductions and competition from an invasive species. This study examined the genetic legacy of these events through low coverage whole‐genome resequencing of 106 red squirrels. Previously undetected patterns of population structure and gene flow were uncovered. One offshore island, four mainland Scottish populations, and a key east‐coast migration corridor were observed. An abrupt historical population bottleneck, related to extreme founder effects, has led to a severe and prolonged depression in genome‐wide heterozygosity, which is amongst the lowest reported for any species. Current designated red squirrel conservation stronghold locations do not encompass all existing diversity. These findings highlight the genetic legacies of past anthropogenic influence on long‐term diversity in endangered taxa. Continuing management interventions and regular genetic monitoring are recommended to safeguard and improve future diversity.
Gaslight, gatekeep, girlboss: Succession support for daughters in the family business
Authors: Sabatini Alexa M. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe recent rise in the number of daughters taking over their family businesses has attracted the attention of both the media and academia. This may be attributed to a general societal push towards gender equality and the recent focus on the “me too” movement. Some scholars even assert a trend away from male‐dominated workplaces and making massive strides towards gender equality in the workplace. This phenomenon has also demonstrated the immense difficulties businesses face when experiencing shifts in leadership, emphasizing that more can be done to support women in their pursuit of success. This Note proposes per‐share, incremental discounts for women‐run family firms listed on the NYSE, supporting cultural change from within.
Clusters of Patient Empowerment and Mental Health Literacy Differentiate Professional Help‐Seeking Attitudes in Online Mental Health Communities Users
Authors: Bizzotto Nicole , de Bruijn Gert‐Jan , Schulz Peter Johannes 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectivesGrounded in the Health Empowerment Model, which posits that health literacy and patient empowerment are intertwined yet distinct constructs, this study investigates how the interplay of these factors influences attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help in members of online communities for mental health (OCMHs). This while acknowledging the multidimensionality of patient empowerment, encompassing meaningfulness, competence, self‐determination, and impact.Design and MethodsA cluster analysis of data gathered from 269 members of Italian‐speaking OCMHs on Facebook has been performed.ResultsFour profiles have been identified: dangerous self‐managers (11.2%), effective self‐managers (21.2%), disempowered (40.5%) and ambivalent empowered (27.1%). Clusters provided meaningful variations in help‐seeking attitudes, also when controlling for depression and anxiety severity, F3, 265 = 11.910, p < 0.001.ConclusionsThe findings provided further evidence of the multidimensionality of patient empowerment. Considering the results, we discussed potential interventions aimed at enhancing the quality of OCMHs, tailoring to the unique characteristics of each cluster.Patient or Public ContributionAdministrators and moderators of mental health Facebook communities—whether expert‐led by mental health professionals or peers—played a key role in this study. They provided valuable insights during the questionnaire design process to ensure the questions were both relevant and appropriate for community members. These administrators and moderators also actively facilitated participant recruitment by creating and sharing posts, either video‐ or text‐based, on community homepages. Furthermore, after completing the questionnaire, participants were encouraged to comment on the Facebook posts where the survey link was shared, mentioning that they participated and inviting other members to take part. This approach aimed to foster a sense of involvement and further promoted the survey within the community.
Feasibility and surgical outcomes of simultaneous urethral reconstruction for synchronous urethral strictures
Authors: Furukawa Yoshiyuki , Horiguchi Akio , Shinchi Masayuki , Ojima Kenichiro , Segawa Yuhei , Takekawa Kazuki , Minami Takahiro , Masumoto Hakaru , Suzuki Sadayoshi , Katsuta Jumpei , Watanabe Daisuke , Ito Keiichi 
Published: January 2025

ObjectivesTo evaluate the feasibility and surgical outcomes of simultaneous urethral reconstruction for synchronous urethral strictures (SUS) and analyze the surgical techniques employed for different stricture combinations.MethodsTwenty‐two male patients with SUS who underwent urethral reconstruction between February 2018 and July 2023 were retrospectively reviewed. Stricture locations and lengths were evaluated using cystoscopy and urethrography after urethral rest for at least 3 months. Multiple reconstruction techniques were employed based on stricture characteristics, including anastomotic urethroplasty, substitution urethroplasty, staged urethroplasty, perineal urethrostomy, and deep lateral incision of the bladder neck. Anatomical success was defined as the ability to pass a cystoscope without resistance and void without additional interventions.ResultsThe median age was 72, with iatrogenic causes accounting for 77.2%. The most common stricture combination was strictures at the penoscrotal junction and proximal bulbar urethra (59.1%). Two (9.1%) had strictures in three locations, and one (4.5%) had strictures in four locations. A total of 15 different combinations of reconstruction techniques were utilized to address various stricture patterns. Overall, 86.4% were treated in one stage. The median operation time was 177 min, and the median blood loss was 72 mL. At a median follow‐up of 31 months, anatomical success was achieved at 77.3%. No perioperative complications were observed.ConclusionsSimultaneous repair of SUS is feasible using various reconstructive techniques tailored to each stricture site. The high prevalence of iatrogenic etiology and previous transurethral treatments emphasize the importance of appropriate initial management of urethral strictures.
Immunotherapy Using HBV Vaccine Pulsed DCs and Induced T‐Cells Combined Antiviral Drugs in Treatment Naive CHB Patients‐A Multi‐Centre Phase II Study
Authors: Gu Yurong , Gu Lin , Chen Lubiao , Li Jing , Liao Chunhong , Bi Yanhua , Huang Zexuan , Cai Wei , Wei Jia , Huang Yuehua 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTDendritic cells are the most potent antigen‐presenting cells in immune therapeutic approaches for chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection. Here, we developed a clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of autologous HBV vaccine‐pulsed DCs and their induced T cells (HPDCT) in CHB patients. This was a randomised, prospective, open‐label, multicentre, superiority study and 309 treatment‐naive CHB patients were divided into HPDCT plus nucleos(t)ide analogues (NAs) group (n = 84), NAs mono‐therapy group (n = 82), HPDCT plus Peg‐interferon (Peg‐IFN) group (n = 69), Peg‐IFN mono‐therapy group (n = 74). Twelve times of HPDCT vaccinations were given intravenously, and all the patients were followed up for 72 weeks. In total, 1836 HPDCT infusions were administered with no obvious toxicity and side effect although few patients had self‐limited low fever. More patients got HBsAg loss in those receiving HPDCT therapy. Patients of HPDCT plus Peg‐IFN group with HBV DNA < 1 × 107 IU/mL at baseline exhibited earlier, stronger and longer lasting of viral response, especially HBV DNA < 20 IU/mL, than those patients of Peg‐IFN mono‐therapy group, from week 24 till week 72 (p < 0.05). Comparable efficacy was observed between the patients of HPDCT plus NAs group and NAs mono‐therapy groups. In addition, CD25 on CD8+ T cells and HBV‐specific CD8+ T cell increased significantly in patients of HPDCT combined antiviral drugs therapy. HPDCT combined with antiviral drugs was safe and able to enhance T cell immunity. Furthermore, HPDCT combined with Peg‐IFN could provide an incremental benefit to patients with baseline levels of lower HBV DNA.Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01935635
Heterogeneity in Risk and Implications for Hepatitis C Reinfection in People Who Inject Drugs in England
Authors: Hilton Bryn , De Angelis Daniela , Mitchell Holly , Harris Ross 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTChronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is associated with significant morbidity, mortality and health economic burden. Over 90% of HCV cases in England occur in people who inject drugs (PWID). Current treatments for HCV are effective but do not protect against reinfection. This research characterised HCV infection and reinfection risk in PWID in England using 2011–2021 data from the annual, cross‐sectional, bio‐behavioural survey of PWID, Unlinked Anonymous Monitoring. Risk factors for HCV infection were explored using multivariable logistic regression. Shared frailty models for the force of infection (FOI) were used to estimate the risk of HCV infection throughout injecting career with unmeasured risk variation modelled using gamma‐shaped frailty distributions. HCV reinfection rates were derived using the frailty distributions of FOI models fitted to UAM data. Infection rates were highest in the first year of injecting (24 per 100 person‐years) but fell to between 5 and 8 infections per 100 person‐years subsequently. The estimated average annual risks of HCV primary infection and reinfection were 10.0% and 14.2%, indicating a 42% higher risk of reinfection compared to primary infection. Even those with no a priori risk factors were predicted to have high rates of reinfection if previously infected. These findings support the recognition of primary HCV infection as an independent risk factor for reinfection in PWID and emphasise the importance of reducing high‐risk behaviours to prevent HCV reinfection following treatment of primary infection. Public health policies must recognise the importance of preventing reinfection in efforts to reduce HCV infection prevalence.
Assessment of Surgical Margin of Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma via Raman Mapping
Authors: Li Zhongxu , Xue Lili , Dai Xiaobo , Li Zhixin , Wu Zhenxin , Li Yi , Yan Bing 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectivesThis study introduces a novel classification approach that combines convolutional neural network (CNN) and Raman mapping to differentiate between tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) and non‐tumorous tissue, as well as to identify different histological grades of TSCC.Materials and MethodsIn this study, 240 Raman mappings data from 30 tissue samples were collected from 15 patients who had undergone surgical resection for TSCC. A total of 18,000 sub‐mappings extracted from Raman mappings were then used to train and test a CNN model, which extracted feature representations that were subsequently processed through a fully connected network to perform classification tasks based on the Raman mapping data.ResultsThe experimental results indicated that the proposed method achieved competitive classification accuracy above 83%. To further validate the effectiveness of the Raman mapping, its performance was compared with Raman spectroscopy, demonstrating a competitive accuracy rate.ConclusionsThe promising outcomes from this application of CNN in Raman mapping suggest that this technique could be a reliable method for intraoperative assessment of surgical margins, potentially leading to shorter detection times.
A Glutamate Receptor‐Like Gene AtGLR2.5 With Its Unusual Splice Variant Has a Role in Mediating Glutamate‐Elicited Changes in Arabidopsis Root Architecture
Authors: Gong Yuan‐Yong , Wu Chang‐Zheng , Wu Yan‐Sheng , Alfieri Andrea , Xiang Yu‐Cheng , Shi Dong‐Xue , Duan Shuhui , Zhang Ming‐Fa , Li Xiao‐Xu , Sun Yi‐Chen , Chao Jin , Tester Mark , Shang Zhonglin , Forde Brian G. , Liu Lai‐Hua 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe occurrence of external L‐glutamate at the Arabidopsis root tip triggers major changes in root architecture, but the mechanism of ‐L‐Glu sensing is unknown. Members of the family of GLUTAMATE RECEPTOR‐LIKE (GLR) proteins are known to act as amino acid‐gated Ca2+‐permeable channels and to have signalling roles in diverse plant processes. To investigate the possible role of GLRs in the root architectural response to L‐Glu, we screened a collection of mutants with T‐DNA insertions in each of the 20 AtGLR genes. Reduced sensitivity of root growth to L‐Glu was found in mutants of one gene, GLR2.5. Interestingly, GLR2.5 was found to apparently produce four transcript variants encoding hypothetical proteins of 169–720 amino acids. One of these transcripts, GLR2.5c, encodes a truncated GLR protein lacking both the conserved amino‐terminal domain and part of the ligand‐binding domain. When a glr2.5 mutant was transformed with a construct constitutively expressing GLR2.5c, both L‐Glu sensitivity of root growth and L‐Glu‐elicited Ca2+ currents in root tip protoplasts were restored. These results, along with homology modelling of the truncated ligand‐binding domain of GLR2.5c, suggest that GLR2.5c has a regulatory or scaffolding role in heteromeric GLR complex(es) that may involve triggering the root architectural response to L‐Glu.
Reduced Theta Inter‐Trial Phase Coherence in Error Processing: A Marker of Neural Dysfunction in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Authors: Devor Tali , Einziger Tzlil , Ben‐Shachar Mattan S. , Klein Christoph , Auerbach Judith G. , Berger Andrea 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTCognitive control deficits and increased intra‐subject variability have been well established as core characteristics of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and there is a growing interest in their expression at the neural level. We aimed to study neural variability in ADHD, as reflected in theta inter‐trial phase coherence (ITC) during error processing, a process that involves cognitive control. We examined both traditional event‐related potential (ERP) measures of error processing (i.e., error‐related negativity [ERN] and error‐positivity [Pe]) and theta ITC within a prospective longitudinal study of children at familial risk for ADHD. The participants were 63 male adolescents who were followed since birth. At the age of 17 years old, they performed the stop‐signal task (SST) while an electroencephalogram (EEG) recording was continuously carried out. The EEG data from the trials in which the subjects failed to inhibit their response were used to calculate three different neurophysiological measures (i.e., ERN, Pe, and theta ITC). Consistent with our hypotheses, theta ITC during error processing predicted ADHD symptomatology above and beyond the traditional ERP measures. Moreover, we found that ADHD symptoms throughout childhood were uniquely associated with theta ITC, beyond ADHD symptomatology during adolescence. Overall, our findings strengthen the view of increased neural variability (as reflected by theta ITC) as a neurophysiological characteristic of a core neural dysfunction in ADHD.
Oral Manifestations in a Child With Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis, and Refractory Rickets
Authors: Shrivastava Nikhil , Sharma Saurabh , Rahul Morankar , Tewari Nitesh , Bansal Kalpana , Mathur Vijay 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTRenal tubular acidosis (RTA) is a group of disorders in which there is an alteration in acid–base homeostasis because of the impairment of nephrons to excrete hydrogen ions or reabsorb bicarbonate ions, resulting in chronic metabolic acidosis. RTA is an important cause of rickets, particularly ‘resistant rickets’. Dental manifestations frequently reported in patients with RTA include enamel hypoplasia and amelogenesis imperfecta, affecting permanent dentition. To the best of our knowledge, the literature pertaining to the dental manifestations in RTA with secondary rickets is scarce. This case highlights oral manifestations in a 6‐year‐old girl with RTA, distal, four with haemolytic anaemia a rare form diagnosed on genetic testing, and refractory rickets having multiple missing teeth and enamel hypo‐mineralisation. The radiograph revealed alveolar bone loss in both jaws with widened pulp chambers and root canals in primary teeth. Pre‐eruptive enamel breakdown in multiple unerupted permanent teeth was also evident radiographically.
Two Head and Neck Cancers in an Adult With Intellectual Disability and Rett Syndrome: A Case Report
Authors: Anabella Low Yu Xin , Rong Yang Jing , Nagadia Rahul Harshad 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe cases of head and neck cancer among persons with intellectual disability (PWID) are infrequently reported and therefore poorly understood. PWID often face increased barriers of access to healthcare, which can be further compounded when faced with a cancer diagnosis. This report presents the case of a 34‐year‐old Chinese female patient with Rett syndrome and intellectual disability, presenting with two primary cancers of the tongue and the trachea. The case highlights the importance of regular dental review in cancer surveillance, post‐operative supportive dental care, and challenges in behavioral management in cancer diagnosis and treatment.
Karanga Mai te Pō: Calling on Darkness as Protection Amidst (En)light(ened) Pollution
Authors: Carlson Teah , Liebert Rachel Jane , Reihana Tia 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe Tīpuna Project is a creative community‐based collaboration between Tangata Whenua (Indigenous) and Pākehā (White settler) researchers, artists and activists in Aotearoa to experiment with the decolonial possibilities of communing with our Indigenous and settler ancestors. In this performative piece we, the co‐leads of The Tīpuna Project, attempt to tell our stories of how we arrived here, honouring our ancestors as co‐researchers in our ‘participatory action research’ (PAR) process, considering and enacting our emerging relationship with each other and with darkness and te pō.Darkness and te pō help us to exist both because and in spite of a colonial episteme that is violently inhospitable to the more‐than‐human. With them, we move into the cracks, into spaces of entanglement where our senses are heightened and where we are less able to be commanded by binaries, urgency and mastery. And with them, those of us who are Tangata Whenua also move into the caves, into spaces of rest, rhythm, story and breath. These cracks and caves protect us from an (En)light(ened) pollution that otherwise stops us from seeing the stars, enabling us to be (with) our shimmering otherworldly guides – our ancestors, our tīpuna.In turn, both our project and our collaborative relationship are also (more) sheltered from a colonial hierarchy of Knowing, Knowledge, Knower that structures the colonial episteme. Calling on darkness and te pō, then, is how we struggle for freedom within the colonial academy – an academy within which Indigenous scholars in particular are both disappearing and Still Here.
An Exact Solution Based on a Three-Energy Equation Model for Gaseous Transpiration Cooling Through a Bi-Disperse Porous Medium
Authors: Bai Xiaohui , Zheng Zihao , Liu Cunliang , Nakayama Akira 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
A local thermal nonequilibrium analysis was made to assess the potential use of bi-disperse porous walls for a transpiration cooling system. A three-energy equation model successfully used for the transient thermal analysis of bi-disperse packed bed thermocline storage systems was introduced to investigate various heat transfer aspects of transpiration cooling through a bi-disperse porous wall made of combination of large and small particles. Three independent energy balance equations, namely, the energy equation of the coolant gas phase, that of the solid phase of large particles, and that of small particles are coupled with one another to obtain a set of exact expressions for all three individual temperature distributions across the porous wall for given thermal boundary conditions of the third kind. It has been revealed that the solid wall temperature of the bi-disperse porous wall stays lower than that of the monodisperse porous wall in the high Peclet number range, resulting in a higher overall cooling efficiency for a given blowing flowrate. Furthermore, the analysis provides a suitable range of the Peclet number, under which the transpiration cooling should be operated to suppress excessive heat loss to the coolant reservoir at the same time to ensure a high overall cooling efficiency.