bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment Patterns and Persistence on Disease Modifying Drugs for Multiple Sclerosis and its Associated Factors
Authors: Cárdenas-Robledo Simón , Arenas-Vargas Laura Estefanía , Arenas Rubén Darío , Gaspar-Toro Jorge Mario , Muñoz-Rosero Ángela María , Tafur-Borrero Aranza Helena , Marín-Medina Daniel Stiven , Acosta-Fajardo Hernan Andrés , Guío-Sánchez Claudia , López-Reyes Lorena 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Effective interventions for treating multiple sclerosis (MS) require prompt treatment optimization which usually involves switching disease modifying drugs (DMDs). The patterns of prescription and the reasons treatment changes, especially in low prevalence populations, are unknown. We aimed to describe the persistence, reasons of DMD switches and prescription patterns as well as their associated factors using survival and network analysis. 701 cases were included of which 94% received treatment. 29.9%, 18.7% and 11.9% of patients had one, two and three or more DMD changes, respectively, for an estimated incidence rate (95%CI) of 1.09 (1.01–1.17) per patient. The main reasons for changing DMD were disease activity, followed by non-serious adverse events and disability. Younger age at MS onset and insurer status were the main determinants of treatment change, which was not influenced by the efficacy or mode of administration of individual DMDs. Network analysis showed that interferons and fingolimod were the most central DMDs and that most DMD switches involved them.
Maternal depression and adolescent suicidal ideation: the mediating roles of childhood trauma and ineffectiveness
Authors: Zhong Yingyan , Li Yuting , Huang Xinxin , Chen Jianhua , Li Yan , Chen Rumeng , Yao Hao , Li Yue , Cong Enzhao , Xu Yifeng 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background Maternal depression is an important risk factor for adolescent depression and suicidal ideation through the poor family environment and negative self-cognition. This study aimed to investigate the mediating role of childhood trauma between maternal depression and adolescent depression and the chain mediating role of childhood trauma and ineffectiveness between maternal depression and adolescent suicidal ideation.
Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on 6216 mothers and 7375 adolescents from middle schools (Grades 6 to 12) in Shanghai and Henan Province, China, through an online platform by the school psychologists, resulting in 4,157 pairs of matching samples. Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) and Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) were used to assess maternal depression and childhood trauma of adolescents. The Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) was administered to assess adolescent depression, ineffectiveness, and suicidal ideation.
Results. The prevalence of clinical depression in mothers is 17.68%, and in adolescents is 15.49% (n = 4157). 28.20% of adolescents have suicidal ideation. Maternal depression(r= 0.17, p＜0.01), childhood trauma(r = 0.18, p＜0.01), and ineffectiveness(r = 0.14, p＜0.01) were significantly and positively correlated with adolescent depression. Gender (β = 0.13, p < 0.01), maternal depression (β = 0.03, p = 0.01), childhood trauma (β= 0.22, p < 0.01) and ineffectiveness (β = 0.32, p < 0.01) were positive predictors of adolescent suicidal ideation. The mediating effects of childhood trauma between maternal depression and adolescent depression (95%CI = [0.047, 0.007]) is significant. The chain mediating effect of childhood trauma and ineffectiveness between maternal depression and adolescent suicidal ideation is also significant (95%CI = [0.000, 0.001]).
Conclusion Depression from mother to adolescent can be mediated by the childhood trauma of adolescents. Higher maternal depression increases the possibility of child abuse, which can cause adolescents to feel ineffectual and increase their risk of developing suicidal ideation. These findings are important for sociological intervention in adolescent depression.
Hybrid Plasma-Graphene Elliptical Structures: An Analytical Approach
Authors: Heydari Mohammad Bagher , Shirkolaei Morteza Mohammadi , Karimipour Majid 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In this article, a new theoretical model is proposed for general plasma-based elliptical structures with graphene layers. The figure of merit (FOM) of a graphene-based elliptical waveguide, forming graphene-InSb-graphene-SiO2-Si layers, is calculated and studied at the frequency range of 30–50 THz. Only the first two Surface Plasmon Polariton (SPP) modes are studied in this paper. The proposed waveguide can support tunable, non-reciprocal SPPs in which their modal properties are varied by chemical potential and the external magnetic field. At the frequency of 40 THz, the FOM of 139 for this waveguide is reported for the B = 1 T and µc = 0.9 eV. The authors believe that the integration of graphene layers and gyro-electric materials can open new research areas in tunable non-reciprocal devices in the mid-infrared region.
A geometrical algorithm for non-perturbative QCD
Authors: Raut Usha 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The formation of mini black holes is now considered to be an inescapable consequence of TeV scale particle collision scenarios in extra-dimensional/ADD models. Furthermore, such mini black holes have been predicted to be produced at prodigious rates of several thousand per year. Therefore, the continued null results from detector searches so far, including the most recent LHC runs of \(\sqrt{s}\) = 14 TeV, seem to suggest that new ideas may be critical for further advances in high-energy physics. In this manuscript, we use a geometrical algorithm, inspired by GR, in particular Kerr-Newman de-Sitter black holes, to explore the nonperturbative (infrared) sector of QCD. This has led us to a novel and more refined search criteria for LHC data compared to previous methods. We also explain why the current search yielded null results. Our predictions are readily testable at detector sites. More importantly, our approach provides promising solutions to several long-standing problems, such as quark confinement.
Ecological plasticity and stability of promising lines of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in terms of yield
Authors: Kuzmenko Ye. A. , Fedorenko M. V. , Pirych A. V. , Blyzniuk R. M. 
Published: March 2023

Purpose. To analyze lines of competitive testing of soft spring wheat in terms of ecological plasticity and stability using statistical methods of analysis and identify lines with high stability of grain yield.
Methods. The studies were carried out during 2018–2020, on the basis of the V. M. Remeslo Myronivka Institute of Wheat NAAS of Ukraine. When considering the results obtained, generally accepted methods of genetic and statistical analysis were used.
Results. Evaluation of breeding material in different years makes it possible to obtain information about the characteristics of the reaction of genotypes to changes in environmental conditions. As a result of the studies, it was found that the lines Lutescens 14-32 (bi = 0.59), Erythrospermum 15-32 (bi = 0.44), Lutescens 14-47 (bi = 0.22) were of high plasticity. Calculations of ecological stability indicate that lines are considered stable, the variance of stability is zero or close to zero. From a practical point of view, lines with a combined manifestation of high ecological plasticity and stability are considered valuable. This was the line Erythro­spermum 15-32 (bi = 0.44; S2di = 0.01) that indicates its low reaction rate and the ability to provide a consistently high level of yield under any growing conditions. The most valuable are the genotypes that combine a low level of the coefficient of variation, high homeostaticity and bree­ding value, which include the lines Erythrospermum 15-32 (Hom = 206.42, Sc = 4.11), Lutescens 14-47 (Hom = 98.41, Sc = 3.91), Erythrospermum 17-08 (Hom = 78.57, Sc = 3.76), Erythrospermum 14-65 (Hom = 54.84, Sc = 3.75), Lutescens 14-32 (Hom = 54.60, Sc = 4.17), Lutescens 14-13 (Hom = 35.60, Sc = 3.78), Lutescens 14-48 (Hom = 46.66, Sc = 3.58).
Conclusions. The evaluation of breeding material is of great importance when creating new high-performance varieties with adaptive potential. The method for assessing ecological plasticity and variants of its stability made it possible to differentiate wheat lines of soft spring competitive testing by their response to changes in gro­wing conditions. For a more optimal selection of breeding material in terms of ecological plasticity and stability, breeding programs should take into account ranked estimates of genotypes.
Design of DEA water efficiency evaluation model for cotton field irrigation in Xinjiang
Authors: Zheng Zipiao , Wei Xin , Wang Liang , Guo Rensong , Xu Haijiang 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Current irrigation water use efficiency assessment methods cannot accurately predict irrigation water use, leading to greater errors in water use efficiency assessment. Therefore, a new method based on data envelopment analysis (DEA) model is proposed to evaluate the irrigation water use efficiency of cotton fields in Xinjiang. The super efficiency DEA model is established by introducing the super efficiency DEA method and adjusting the predicted amount and actual amount of irrigation water use. Genetic algorithm is used to improve the super-efficiency DEA model. The indexes obtained include the indexes reflecting water resources conditions, water use situation and economic aspects, and the statistical sequence model of cotton field irrigation water information is established. Given the demand and actual usage of irrigation water for cotton fields, the numerical relationship between the demand and usage was defined by integrating the two indices as the index data set. The experimental results show that the proposed method can accurately predict the water consumption of cotton field irrigation, and the efficiency of irrigation water consumption can reach 90%.
EpiSemble: A Novel Ensemble-based Machine-learning Framework for
Prediction of DNA N6-methyladenine Sites Using Hybrid Features
Selection Approach for Crops
Authors: Sinha Dipro , Dasmandal Tanwy , Yeasin Md , Mishra Dwijesh C. , Rai Anil , Archak Sunil 
Published: March 2023

Aim:
The study aimed to develop a robust and more precise 6mA methylation prediction tool
that assists researchers in studying the epigenetic behaviour of crop plants.

Background:
N6-methyladenine (6mA) is one of the predominant epigenetic modifications involved in
a variety of biological processes in all three kingdoms of life. While in vitro approaches are more precise
in detecting epigenetic alterations, they are resource-intensive and time-consuming. Artificial intelligence-
based in silico methods have helped overcome these bottlenecks

Methods:
A novel machine learning framework was developed through the incorporation of four techniques:
ensemble machine learning, hybrid approach for feature selection, the addition of features, such
as Average Mutual Information Profile (AMIP), and bootstrap samples. In this study, four different feature
sets, namely di-nucleotide frequency, GC content, AMIP, and nucleotide chemical properties were
chosen for the vectorization of DNA sequences. Nine machine learning models, including support vector
machine, random forest, k-nearest neighbor, artificial neural network, multiple logistic regression,
decision tree, naïve Bayes, AdaBoost, and gradient boosting were employed using relevant features extracted
through the feature selection module. The top three best-performing models were selected and a
robust ensemble model was developed to predict sequences with 6mA sites.

Results:
EpiSemble, a novel ensemble model was developed for the prediction of 6mA methylation
sites. Using the new model, an improvement in accuracy of 7.0%, 3.74%, and 6.65% was achieved over
existing models for RiceChen, RiceLv, and Arabidopsis datasets, respectively. An R package, EpiSemble,
based on the new model was developed and made available at https://cran.rproject.
org/web/packages/EpiSemble/index.html.

Conclusion:
The EpiSemble model added AMIP as a novel feature, integrated feature selection modules,
bootstrapping of samples, and ensemble technique to achieve an improved output for accurate prediction
of 6mA sites in plants. To our knowledge, this is the first R package developed for predicting
epigenetic sites of genomes in crop plants, which is expected to help plant researchers in their future explorations.
Fiber Wireless (FiWi) Access Network Planning & Deployment using
Reptile Search Algorithm
Authors: Chouhan Nitin , Bhatt Uma Rathore , Bhat Vijay 
Published: March 2023

Aim:
The aim of this study is the deployment of components in an efficient manner to
make a cost-effective FiWi network.

Background:
Fiber Wireless access network is the boost to broadband access technology for providing
network services to Internet users at a lower cost. Deployment of components in FiWi access network
is very crucial since it affects the deployment cost and network performance.

Objective:
We investigate the planning process for efficient placement of components in FiWi access
networks. For optimizing the position of components (wireless routers and ONUs) in the network, a
novel nature inspired Reptile Search Algorithm (RSA) is proposed in the paper.

Methods:
Extensive simulation is carried out to implement proposed work. A simulation model and
code is developed in MATLAB to get the optimized position of components for existing and proposed
algorithms.

Result:
We compare the performance of proposed algorithm with existing algorithm. The obtained
results show that the proposed algorithm has superior performance than the existing algorithm.

Conclusion:
The present work optimizes the position of components using RSA algorithm. RSA returns
the lower number of required wireless routers/ONUs, lesser TCD, increased AONUC, fast convergence
rate, lesser execution run time than WSSA algorithm. The outcome of the paper highlights
the importance of the proposed work in network planning and component deployment in FiWi access
network.
The Usefulness of a Smartphone App–Based Smoking Cessation Program for Conventional Cigarette Users, Heated Tobacco Product Users, and Dual Users: Retrospective Study
Authors: Noda Yuko , So Ryuhei , Sonoda Misaki , Tabuchi Takahiro , Nomura Akihiro 
Published: March 2023

Background
Heated tobacco products (HTPs) are widespread in Japan, and smoking cessation of such products has become an important issue owing to the spread of harmful effects from HTPs. The efficacy of online digital therapy has been reported in smoking cessation treatment; however, we have limited evidence of online smoking cessation programs for HTP users.

Objective
In this study, we evaluate the usefulness of the Ascure program for HTP users (defined as exclusive HTP use or dual use of HTP and cigarettes) compared with exclusive cigarette users.

Methods
This was a retrospective study. We recruited adult smokers participating in the Ascure online smoking cessation program in Japan from June 2019 to February 2021. The Ascure smartphone app provided four elements: (1) educational video tutorials to enhance the understanding of nicotine dependence, (2) a personalized to-do list for behavior change, (3) a digital diary for record keeping, and (4) interactive chat sessions for relief from cravings or withdrawal symptoms. The primary outcome was the continuous abstinence rate (CAR) at weeks 21 to 24, biochemically validated using salivary cotinine testing. We considered those who dropped out of the program as smoking cessation failures. We analyzed the primary outcome using inverse probability weighting against tobacco product type estimated by multinomial propensity scores. We also assessed CAR at weeks 9 to 12 and program adherence.

Results
We analyzed data from 2952 participants, including 52% (1524/3478) in the cigarette group, 35% (1038/3478) in the HTP group, and 13% (390/3478) in the dual-use group, who had a mean age of 43.4 (SD 10.8) years and included 17% (513/2952) women. CAR at weeks 21 to 24 showed that exclusive HTP users were more likely to stop tobacco use than exclusive cigarette smokers (CAR 52.6% for cigarette users vs CAR 64.8% for HTP users; odds ratio [OR] 1.17, 95% CI 1.12-1.22; P<.001). There was no significant difference between the exclusive cigarette users and the dual users (CAR 52.6% for cigarette users vs CAR 48.7% for dual users; OR 0.99, 95% CI 0.93-1.05; P=.77). CAR at weeks 9 to 12 was 56.7% (95% CI 54.2%-59.2%) for the exclusive cigarette users, 68.3% (95% CI 65.5%-71.1%) for the exclusive HTP users, and 58.2% (95% CI 53.3%-63.1%) for the dual users. The program adherence rate at week 24 was 70.7% overall (68.4% for cigarette users, 75% for HTP users, and 67.9% for dual users).

Conclusions
Exclusive HTP users had higher CARs and adherence compared with exclusive cigarette users, indicating a higher affinity for the Ascure online smoking cessation program. This program might be a useful smoking cessation option for HTP users, as well as for cigarette smokers.
Análisis de los Smart contracts inmersos en blockchain para auditoría a grandes empresas
Authors: Cárdenas - Alemán Ismael Enrique , Duarte - Lozano Luis Miguel , Ahumada - Lerma Rafael Santiago 
Published: March 2023

En este artículo se analiza el impacto que tendrá la utilización de los Smart contracts con un enfoque de auditoría para grandes empresas en Colombia. Mediante entrevistas a 5 auditores de firmas multinacionales y a 5 colaboradores de grandes empresas y de diferentes industrias, se logró identificar las perspectivas que ellos tienen frente al blockchain y a los Smart contracts, obteniendo de este modo ciertas similitudes y diferencias desde ambas perspectivas. Asimismo, los resultados indican que las compañías que fueron entrevistadas están adoptando con mayor rapidez este tipo de tecnologías disruptivas en sus procesos. Igualmente, se pudo analizar los principales retos, entre ellos la falta de regulación de un contrato inteligente y completamente autoejecutable, se logró identificar los beneficios que traería consigo implementar estas tecnologías en las compañías como lo es la transparencia en la información proveniente de las operaciones diarias de las compañías.
De igual forma, en el desarrollo del presente trabajo se pueden analizar ciertos cambios que habría a nivel de procedimientos de auditoría y el cambio en la mentalidad al que se verían enfrentados los profesionales de diferentes áreas en un ámbito empresarial.
The Zero Delusion
Authors: Rives Julio 
Published: March 2023

Zero signifies absence or an amount of no measure. This mathematical
object purportedly exemplifies one of humanity’s most splendid insights.
Endorsement of the continuum consolidated zero as a cultural latecomer
that, at present, everybody uses daily as an indispensable number. Zero
and infinity represent symmetric and complementary concepts; why did
algebra embrace the former as a number and dismiss the latter? Why is
zero an unprecedented number in arithmetic? Is zero a cardinal number?
Is it an ordinal number? Is zero a “real” point? Has it a geometrical
meaning? To what extent is zero naturalistic?
A preliminary analysis indicates that zero is short of numerical
competence, contrived, and unsolvable. We find it elusive when we dig
into zero’s role in physics, especially in thermodynamics, quantum field
theory, cosmology, and metrology. A minimal fundamental extent is
plausible but hard to accept due to zero’s long shade. In information
theory, the digit 0 is inefficient; we should replace standard
positional notation with bijective notation. In communication theory,
the transmission of no bits is impossible, and information propagation
is never error-free. In statistical mechanics, the uniform distribution
is inaccessible. In set theory, the empty set is ontologically
paradoxical. Likewise, other mathematical zeroes are semantically
vacuous (e.g., the empty sum, zero vector, zero function, unknot).
Because division by zero is intractable, we advocate for the nonzero
rational numbers, Q-{0}, to build a new physics that reflects nature’s
countable character. We provide a zero-free and unique rational-based
representation of the algebraic numbers punctured at the origin,
A-{0}, the computable version of the complex numbers.
In a linear scale, we must handle zero as the limit of an asymptotically
vanishing sequence of rationals or substitute it for the smallest
possible nonzero rational. Zero, as such, is the predetermined power
indicating the beginning of logarithmically encoded data via log(1). The
exponential function decodes the logarithmic scale’s beables back to the
linear scale. The exponential map is crucial to understand advanced
algebraic concepts such as the Lie algebra-group correspondence, the
Laplace transform, and univariate rational functions in cross-ratio
form. Specifically, linear fractional transformations over a ring lead
to the critical notion of conformality, the property of a projection or
mapping between spaces that preserves angles between intersecting
conics. Ultimately, we define “coding space” as a doubly conformal
transformation domain that allows for zero-fleeing hyperbolic
(logarithmic) geometry while keeping relationships of structure and
scale.
CRP, C-Peptide, and Risk of First-Time Cardiovascular Events and Mortality in Early Type 2 Diabetes: A Danish Cohort Study
Authors: Gedebjerg Anne , Bjerre Mette , Kjaergaard Alisa Devedzic , Nielsen Jens Steen , Rungby Jørgen , Brandslund Ivan , Maeng Michael , Beck-Nielsen Henning , Vaag Allan , Sørensen Henrik Toft , Hansen Troels Krarup , Thomsen Reimar Wernich 
Published: March 2023

OBJECTIVE
We investigated the relationship between hs-CRP, a marker of low-grade inflammation, alone or in combination with C-peptide, a marker of hyperinsulinemia/insulin resistance, and risk for cardiovascular events (CVEs) and mortality in patients recently diagnosed with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
In patients with recent-onset T2D, we measured serum hs-CRP (n = 7,301) and C-peptide (n = 5,765) in the prospective Danish Centre for Strategic Research in Type 2 Diabetes cohort study. Patients with no prior CVE (n = 6,407) were followed until first myocardial infarction, stroke, coronary revascularization, or cardiovascular death, and all patients (n = 7,301) were followed for all-cause mortality. We computed adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) by Cox regression and tested for the interaction between hs-CRP and C-peptide.

RESULTS
During follow-up (median 4.8 years), high (&gt;3 mg/L) versus low (&lt;1 mg/L) hs-CRP was associated with increased CVE risk (aHR 1.45 [95% CI 1.07–1.96]) and with even greater risk of all-cause mortality (2.47 [1.88–3.25]). Compared with patients with low hs-CRP (≤3 mg/L) and low C-peptide (&lt;1,470 pmol/L), those with high levels of both biomarkers had the highest CVE (1.61 [1.10–2.34]) and all-cause mortality risk (2.36 [1.73–3.21]). Among patients with high C-peptide, risk of CVEs did not differ by low or high hs-CRP, whereas risk of all-cause mortality did.

CONCLUSIONS
The finding of high hs-CRP as a stronger prognostic biomarker of all-cause mortality than of CVEs may facilitate improved early detection and prevention of deadly diseases besides CVEs. Conversely, elevated C-peptide as a strong CVE biomarker supports the need to target hyperinsulinemia/insulin resistance in T2D CVE prevention.