bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Towards a robust and compact deep learning system for primary detection of early Barrett’s neoplasia: Initial image‐based results of training on a multi‐center retrospectively collected data set
Authors: Fockens Kiki N. , Jukema Jelmer B. , Boers Tim , Jong Martijn R. , van der Putten Joost A. , Pouw Roos E. , Weusten Bas L. A. M. , Alvarez Herrero Lorenza , Houben Martin H. M. G. , Nagengast Wouter B. , Westerhof Jessie , Alkhalaf Alaa , Mallant Rosalie , Ragunath Krish , Seewald Stefan , Elbe Peter , Barret Maximilien , Ortiz Fernández‐Sordo Jacobo , Pech Oliver , Beyna Torsten , van der Sommen Fons , de With Peter H. , de Groof A. Jeroen , Bergman Jacques J. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIntroductionEndoscopic detection of early neoplasia in Barrett's esophagus is difficult. Computer Aided Detection (CADe) systems may assist in neoplasia detection. The aim of this study was to report the first steps in the development of a CADe system for Barrett's neoplasia and to evaluate its performance when compared with endoscopists.MethodsThis CADe system was developed by a consortium, consisting of the Amsterdam University Medical Center, Eindhoven University of Technology, and 15 international hospitals. After pretraining, the system was trained and validated using 1.713 neoplastic (564 patients) and 2.707 non‐dysplastic Barrett's esophagus (NDBE; 665 patients) images. Neoplastic lesions were delineated by 14 experts. The performance of the CADe system was tested on three independent test sets. Test set 1 (50 neoplastic and 150 NDBE images) contained subtle neoplastic lesions representing challenging cases and was benchmarked by 52 general endoscopists. Test set 2 (50 neoplastic and 50 NDBE images) contained a heterogeneous case‐mix of neoplastic lesions, representing distribution in clinical practice. Test set 3 (50 neoplastic and 150 NDBE images) contained prospectively collected imagery. The main outcome was correct classification of the images in terms of sensitivity.ResultsThe sensitivity of the CADe system on test set 1 was 84%. For general endoscopists, sensitivity was 63%, corresponding to a neoplasia miss‐rate of one‐third of neoplastic lesions and a potential relative increase in neoplasia detection of 33% for CADe‐assisted detection. The sensitivity of the CADe system on test sets 2 and 3 was 100% and 88%, respectively. The specificity of the CADe system varied for the three test sets between 64% and 66%.ConclusionThis study describes the first steps towards the establishment of an unprecedented data infrastructure for using machine learning to improve the endoscopic detection of Barrett's neoplasia. The CADe system detected neoplasia reliably and outperformed a large group of endoscopists in terms of sensitivity.
Increase Efficiency of Energy Transmission by Incentives
Authors: Jacobsen Benjamin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe sustainability of manufacturing processes can be monitored by various key performance indicators and usually has a positive impact on the operating result. There are thus direct incentives to maximize efficiency and sustainability. The situation is different for the transmission of electrical energy. Energy transmission and distribution are generally regulated economic sectors in which incentive regulation methods are used to ensure economic efficiency. The current regulations provide only limited incentives for the energetic and ecological efficiency and sustainability of the transmission and distribution of electrical energy. With this paper a key figure is presented that enables a better consideration of ecological aspects in the incentive regulation. This creates a better incentive to increase transmission efficiency, which has a direct positive impact on all downstream manufacturing processes.
Prospects for a lattice calculation of the rare decay Σ+ → pℓ+ℓ−
Authors: Erben Felix , Gülpers Vera , Hansen Maxwell T. , Hodgson Raoul , Portelli Antonin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We present a strategy for calculating the rare decay of a Σ+(uus) baryon to a proton (uud) and di-lepton pair using lattice QCD. To determine this observable one needs to numerically evaluate baryonic two-, three-, and four-point correlation functions related to the target process. In particular, the four-point function arises from the insertion of incoming and outgoing baryons, together with a weak Hamiltonian mediating the s → d transition and an electromagnetic current creating the outgoing leptons. As is described in previous work in other contexts, this four-point function has a highly non-trivial relation to the physical observable, due to proton and proton-pion intermediate states. These lead to growing Euclidean time dependence and, in the case of the two-particle intermediate states, to power-like volume effects. We discuss how to treat these issues in the context of the Σ+ → pℓ+ℓ− decay and, in particular, detail the relation between the finite-volume estimator and the physical, complex-valued amplitude. In doing so, we also make connections between various approaches already described in the literature.
Modular-invariant large-N completion of an integrated correlator in $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory
Authors: Dorigoni Daniele , Green Michael B. , Wen Congkao , Xie Haitian 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The use of supersymmetric localisation has recently led to modular covariant expressions for certain integrated correlators of half-BPS operators in $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory with a general classical gauge group GN. Here we determine generating functions that encode such integrated correlators for any classical gauge group and provide a proof of previously conjectured formulae. This gives a systematic understanding of the relation between properties of these correlators at finite N and their expansions at large N. In particular, it determines a duality-invariant non-perturbative completion of the large-N expansion in terms of a sum of novel non-holomorphic modular functions. These functions are exponentially suppressed at large N and have the form of a sum of contributions from coincident (p, q)-string world-sheet instantons.
Ebastine impairs metastatic spread in triple-negative breast cancer by targeting focal adhesion kinase
Authors: Seo Juyeon , Park Minsu , Ko Dongmi , Kim Seongjae , Park Jung Min , Park Soeun , Nam Kee Dal , Farrand Lee , Yang Jinsol , Seok Chaok , Jung Eunsun , Kim Yoon-Jae , Kim Ji Young , Seo Jae Hong 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe sought to investigate the utility of ebastine (EBA), a second-generation antihistamine with potent anti-metastatic properties, in the context of breast cancer stem cell (BCSC)-suppression in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). EBA binds to the tyrosine kinase domain of focal adhesion kinase (FAK), blocking phosphorylation at the Y397 and Y576/577 residues. FAK-mediated JAK2/STAT3 and MEK/ERK signaling was attenuated after EBA challenge in vitro and in vivo. EBA treatment induced apoptosis and a sharp decline in the expression of the BCSC markers ALDH1, CD44 and CD49f, suggesting that EBA targets BCSC-like cell populations while reducing tumor bulk. EBA administration significantly impeded BCSC-enriched tumor burden, angiogenesis and distant metastasis while reducing MMP-2/-9 levels in circulating blood in vivo. Our findings suggest that EBA may represent an effective therapeutic for the simultaneous targeting of JAK2/STAT3 and MEK/ERK for the treatment of molecularly heterogeneous TNBC with divergent profiles. Further investigation of EBA as an anti-metastatic agent for the treatment of TNBC is warranted.
Increased complications rates and inferior patient reported outcomes following total knee arthroplasty due to post‐traumatic osteoarthritis with previous fracture treatment: a systematic review
Authors: Syrikas Ioannis , Engbäck Cecilia , Tsikandylakis Georgios , Karikis Ioannis , Desai Neel 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPurposeThis study aims to present the existing literature relating to patient‐reported outcome measures (PROMs) and complications in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) due to posttraumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) with prior fracture treatment around the knee compared with patients who underwent TKA because of primary osteoarthritis (OA).MethodsA systematic review was undertaken and synthesised in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines by searching existing literature in the following databases: PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library and EMBASE. A search string according to the PECO was used. After analysing 2781 studies, 18 studies (5729 PTOA patients/149,843 OA patients) were included for a final review. An analysis revealed that 12 (67%) were retrospective cohort studies, four (22%) were register studies and the remaining two (11%) were prospective cohort studies. The mean Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) score was 23.6 out of 28, signifying studies of moderate quality.ResultsThe most frequently reported outcome measure were postoperative complications, reported in all eighteen studies. Intraoperative complications were reported in ten (4165 PTOA/124.511 OA) and patient‐reported outcome measures (PROMs) in six studies (210 PTOA/2768 OA). A total of nine different PROMs were evaluated. As far as PROMs were concerned, the scores were inferior for PTOA but did not differ statistically from OA, except for one study, which favoured the OA group. Across all studies, postoperative complications were higher in the PTOA group, reporting infections as the most common complication. Furthermore, a higher revision rate was reported in the PTOA group.ConclusionPROM analysis suggests that both patient groups benefit from a TKA in terms of functional outcome and pain relief, however, patient‐reported outcomes could be inferior for PTOA patients. There is consistent evidence for increased complication rates following PTOA TKA. Patients undergoing TKA due to PTOA after fracture treatment should be informed about the risk for inferior results and refrain from comparing their knee function to patients with TKA after OA. Surgeons should be aware of the challenges that PTOA TKA poses.Level of evidenceLevel III.
Analysis of 200 unrelated individuals with a constitutional NF1 deep intronic pathogenic variant reveals that variants flanking the alternatively spliced NF1 exon 31 [23a] cause a classical neurofibromatosis type 1 phenotype while altering predominantly NF1 isoform type II
Authors: Koczkowska Magdalena , Chen Yunjia , Xie Jing , Callens Tom , Gomes Alicia , Wimmer Katharina , Messiaen Ludwine M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractNeurofibromatosis type 1 results from loss-of-functionNF1pathogenic variants (PVs). Up to 30% of allNF1PVs disrupt mRNA splicing, including deep intronic variants. Here, we retrospectively investigated the spectrum ofNF1deep intronic PVs in a cohort of 8,090 unrelated individuals from the University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) dataset with a molecularly confirmed neurofibromatosis type 1. All variants were identified through their effect on theNF1transcript, followed by variant characterization at the DNA-level. A total of 68 distinct variants, which were ≥ 20 nucleotides away from the closest exon–intron junction, were identified in 2.5% unrelated individuals with NF1 (200/8,090). Nine different pathogenic splice variants, identified in 20 probands, led to exonization of different parts of intron 30 [23.2] or 31 [23a]. The two majorNF1transcript isoforms, distinguished by the absence (type I) or presence (type II) of the alternatively spliced cassette exon 31 [23a], are equally expressed in blood in control individuals without NF1 or NF1-affected individuals carrying their PV not in the introns flanking exon 31 [23a]. By fragment and cloning analysis we demonstrated that the exonization of intron 31 [23a] sequences due to deep intronic PV predominantly affects theNF1isoform II. Seven additional (likely) pathogenicNF1deep intronic variants not observed in the UAB dataset were found by classification of 36 variants identified by a literature search. Hence, the unique list of these 75 deep intronic (likely) PVs should be included in any comprehensiveNF1testing strategy.
Absence of Arrhythmogenicity with Biphasic Pulsed Electric Fields Delivered to Porcine Airways
Authors: Meininger Glenn R. , Neal Robert E. , Hunter David W. , Krimsky William S. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPulsed electric field (PEF) technologies treat many types of tissue. Many systems mandate synchronization to the cardiac cycle to avoid the induction of cardiac arrhythmias. Significant differences between PEF systems make the assessment of cardiac safety from one technology to another challenging. A growing body of evidence suggests that shorter duration biphasic pulses obviate the need for cardiac synchronization, even when delivered in a monopolar fashion. This study theoretically evaluates the risk profile of different PEF parameters. It then tests a monopolar, biphasic, microsecond-scale PEF technology for arrhythmogenic potential. PEF applications of increasing likelihood to induce an arrhythmia were delivered. The energy was delivered throughout the cardiac cycle, including both single and multiple packets, and then with concentrated delivery on the t-wave. There were no sustained changes to the electrocardiogram waveform or to the cardiac rhythm, despite delivering energy during the most vulnerable phase of the cardiac cycle, and delivery of multiple packets of PEF energy across the cardiac cycle. Only isolated premature-atrial contractions (PAC) were observed. This study provides evidence that certain varieties of biphasic, monopolar PEF delivery do not require synchronized energy delivery to prevent harmful arrhythmias.
How to Ensure Inclusivity in Large-Scale General Population Cohort Studies? Lessons Learned with Regard to Including and Assessing Sex, Gender, and Sexual Orientation
Authors: Ballering Aranka V. , Burke Sarah M. , Maeckelberghe Els L. M. , Rosmalen Judith G. M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDespite recent advances in the measurement of sex, gender, and sexual orientation in large-scale cohort studies, the three concepts are still gaining relatively little attention, may be mistakenly equated, or non-informatively operationalized. The resulting imprecise or lacking information hereon in studies is problematic, as sex, gender, and sexual orientation are important health-related factors. Omission of these concepts from general population cohort studies might dismiss participants’ identity and experiences and pushes research on sexual or gender minority populations toward purposive sampling, potentially introducing selection bias. It also reinforces the unintentional notion of irrelevance of these concepts to health research, ultimately disadvantaging sexual and gender minority populations. Similarly, a lack of uniform measures on sex, gender, and sexual orientation hampers multi-cohort studies in which data from multiple studies are combined, facilitating increased statistical power. This paper discusses the encountered pitfalls and lessons learned on including and assessing sex, gender, and sexual orientation in large-scale general population cohort studies, exemplified by the Dutch Lifelines Cohort Study. Additionally, we propose hands-on strategies on how to operationalize these concepts in an inclusive manner that is useful for large-scale general population cohort studies.
Convergence of derivative-free nonmonotone Direct Search Methods for unconstrained and box-constrained mixed-integer optimization
Authors: García Palomares Ubaldo M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis paper presents a class of nonmonotone Direct Search Methods that converge to stationary points of unconstrained and boxed constrained mixed-integer optimization problems. A new concept is introduced: the quasi-descent direction. A point x is stationary on a set of search directions if there exists no feasible qdd on that set. The method does not require the computation of derivatives nor the explicit manipulation of asymptotically dense matrices. Preliminary numerical experiments carried out on small to medium problems are encouraging.
Latent factors on the design and adoption of gamified apps in primary education
Authors: Vázquez-Cano Esteban , Quicios-García María-Pilar , Fombona Javier , Rodríguez-Arce Jorge 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe main objective of this research is to determine the perception of teachers about the elements that increases the educational effectiveness of gamified apps in primary education. A methodology based on an importance-performance analysis was daeveloped, using a structural equations model to calcuate the degree of importance of each variable. The sample was formed of 212 Spanish teachers with experience using educational apps in the teaching–learning process. Six categories were identified as precursors of educational effectiveness: (1) curriculum connection, (2) feedback and operational experience, (3) assessment and learning analytics, (4) sustainability (Protection Personal data), (5) equal access and (6) flow. These six categories enhance the three traditional areas of gamification intervention: cognitive, emotional and social. In this sense, the design and adoption of an educational gamified app should: (1) establish a clear link between the game and curricular content and competence development; (2) promote self-regulated learning through individual and collaborative activities; (3) offer adapted learning by integrating differentiated personalized learning pathways; (4) integrate learning analytics that can be consulted by teacher, student and family; (5) comply with data protection regulation and promote a safe, sustainable and ethical use of the information generated; (6) take into account different levels of functional diversity. When the gamified app design incorporates these attributes, primary education teachers perceive that such resources can be integrated effectively into the teaching–learning processes.
Isolation and characterization of the hydrophilic BNI compound, 6-methoxy-2(3H)-benzoxazolone (MBOA), from maize roots
Authors: Otaka Junnosuke , Subbarao Guntur Venkata , MingLi Jiang , Ono Hiroshi , Yoshihashi Tadashi 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackground and aimsBiological nitrification inhibition (BNI) is a chemical ecological phenomenon whereby plants specifically suppress nitrification by releasing inhibiting compounds from roots, an effective strategy for improving nitrogen uptake by limiting nitrogen losses from agricultural fields. During this study, we have aimed at characterizing hydrophilic BNI activity released from maize roots to understand the chemical basis for BNI function in maize.MethodsMaize plants were grown hydroponically and root exudates were collected using water-based solutions and hydrophilic BNI activity was extracted. We isolated the target BNI compounds by a combination of chromatographic techniques and bioassays using a recombinant luminescent ammonia-oxidizing bacteriumNitrosomonas europaea(pHLUX20).ResultsWe identified 6-methoxy-2(3H)-benzoxazolone (MBOA) as the responsible BNI compound with a median effective dose (ED50) = 0.76 μM. MBOA inhibited the conversion of NH3to NH2OH as well as NH2OH to NO2−inN. europaea, suggesting that MBOA blocks both ammonia monooxygenase and hydroxylamine oxidoreductase enzymatic pathways. Treatment with MBOA significantly suppressed NO2−and NO3−production during soil incubation, but this activity was reduced subsequently due to biodegradation of MBOA by soil microbes. A quantification experiment revealed that MBOA accounted for nearly 50% of the total BNI activity in hydrophilic and hydrophobic exudates from maize roots. A soil incubation test showed that two previously identified benzoxazinoids, HDMBOA and HDMBOA-β-glucoside, can be eventually transformed into MBOA.ConclusionWe elucidated MBOA as the key component of BNI in maize. Collectively, the present findings will serve as the groundwork for construction of an advanced environment-friendly agricultural system.
The Rage of Lonely Men: Loneliness and Misogyny in the Online Movement of “Involuntary Celibates” (Incels)
Authors: Tietjen Ruth Rebecca , Tirkkonen Sanna K. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn this article, we investigate the relationship between loneliness and misogyny amongst the online movement of “involuntary celibates” (incels) that has become widely known through several violent attacks. While loneliness plays a prominent role in the incels’ self-descriptions, we lack a comprehensive analysis of their experience of loneliness and its role in their radicalization. Our article offers such an analysis. We analyze how loneliness is felt, described, and implicitly understood by incels, investigate the normative presumptions underlying their experiences, and critically reflect on the political function of their discourse of loneliness. We claim that it is the affective mechanism of ressentiment that transforms loneliness into antagonistic emotions and show how loneliness is exacerbated rather than alleviated through the incel community. Finally, we point to the relevance of our analysis for contemporary philosophical and feminist loneliness studies.
Analysis of the threshold image contrast obtained with the CDMAM 3.4 and CDMAM 4.0 phantoms
Authors: Biegała Michał , Jakubowska Teresa , Stępińska Anna , Woźniak Piotr 
Published: April 2023

AbstractQuality control in mammography is a very important element. One of the parameters indicating the appropriate image quality is the threshold image contrast. The CDMAM phantom is used to measure this parameter. It is currently available in two versions 3.4 and 4.0. The aim of this work is to compare the threshold image contrast readings obtained with the CDMAM 3.4 and CDMAM 4.0 phantoms. In the measurements, 9 CDMAM 4.0 phantoms were used to check the difference in indications of individual copies. The phantom whose readings were closest to the average of all readings was used for comparative measurements with the CDMAM 3.4 phantom. Measurements were made on 40 mammography devices. The obtained images were read with the software provided by the phantom manufacturer and the CDMAM Analysis v2.3.0 (NCCPM) software. The average percentage difference between the minimum and maximum values indicated by the CDMAM 4.0 phantoms was 10.09%. Using the CDMAM Analysis v2.3.0 (NCCPM) software, the average difference in readings between the CDMAM 3.4 and CDMAM 4.0 phantoms is 7.93%, and when using the software provided by the phantom manufacturer, it is as much as 60.15%. The obtained results of the threshold image contrast are affected by the type of software used for reading and the accuracy of the execution of individual elements of the phantom. It is recommended to use CDMAM Analysis v2.3.0 (NCCPM) software or the latest software provided by the phantom manufacturer to read the phantom images.
Strategy-proofness implies minimal participation under single-peakedness
Authors: Müller Michael , Puppe Clemens 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe study a model in which agents with single-peaked preferences can participate in a costly voting procedure to determine the value of a one-dimensional variable. We show that, for all positive participation costs and all profiles of individual preferences, there exists a unique equilibrium outcome with one single participant whenever the voting rule is strategy-proof, anonymous, and responsive in the sense that the outcome reacts to a unanimous move of the votes of all agents in the same direction; moreover, the single participant is always one of the ‘extremist’ voters, i.e. either one with the lowest or one with the highest peak. While this uncovers a strong tension between strategy-proofness and participation for all deterministic voting rules on the single-peaked domain (just as in the case of an unrestricted domain), there are simple probabilistic and strategy-proof voting rules that induce full participation in equilibrium.