bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors and premature ejaculation: an overview of systematic reviews/meta-analyses using the AMSTAR 2, ROBIS, and GRADE tools
Authors: Abdel-Hamid Ibrahim A , Abo-Aly Mohamed , Mostafa Taymour 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Introduction
The place of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE5-Is) in treating premature ejaculation (PE) remains a therapeutic challenge.

Objectives
(1) To summarize the evidence of the efficacy and safety of PDE5-Is from published systematic reviews/meta-analyses (SRs/MAs). (2) To evaluate the reporting, methodological quality, and evidence quality of SRs/MAs concerning PE.

Methods
Nine databases were searched to retrieve SRs/MAs on using PDE5-Is for PE from inception to July 2022. Methodological quality and risk of bias were assessed with the AMSTAR 2 (A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews) and ROBIS (Risk of Bias in Systematic Reviews). GRADE criteria (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations) were used to assess the evidence quality.

Results
The literature search revealed 15 relevant SRs/MAs covering 28 primary studies (9 pairwise MAs and 6 network MAs) rated as low or very low quality and high risk of bias except 1 review that was rated as moderate quality and low risk of bias. Among the 27 outcome measures related to efficacy and safety, the quality of evidence according to GRADE criteria was low in 4 and critically low in 23. Oral PDE5-Is have demonstrated a possible benefit over placebo in lifelong PE and mixed PE. The results of pairwise and network MAs advocated that the combined use of PDE5-Is and SSRIs is of possible benefit as compared with either SSRIs or PDE5-Is alone. The total adverse effects were more frequent with PDE5-Is than placebo.

Conclusion
PDE5-Is are of a possible benefit than placebo in lifelong PE and mixed PE. The results favor coadministration of PDE5-Is plus SSRIs over SSRIs alone or PDE5-I monotherapy. These conclusions should be interpreted cautiously due to the low methodological quality and low quality of evidence of most available reviews. Additional higher-quality randomized controlled trials, SRs, and MAs are warranted to provide a better estimate of any effect size.
K-wire Versus Screw Fixation in Displaced Lateral Condyle Fractures of the Humerus in Children: A Multicenter Study of 762 Fractures
Authors: Cummings Jason L. , Schwabe Maria T. , Rivera Asdrubal E. , Sanders Julia , Denning Jaime R. , Neal Kevin , Bellaire Laura L. , Choe Josh , Gaio Natalie , Goldstein Rachel , Crowe Mary , Hosseinzadeh Pooya 
Published: January 2023

Introduction:
Lateral humeral condyle fractures account for 12% to 20% of all distal humerus fractures in the pediatric population. When surgery is indicated, fixation may be achieved with either Kirschner-wires or screws. The literature comparing the outcomes of these 2 different fixation methods is currently limited. The purpose of this study is to compare both the complication and union rates of these 2 forms of operative treatment in a multicenter cohort of children with lateral humeral condyle fractures.

Methods:
This retrospective study was performed across 6 different institutions. Data were retrospectively collected preoperatively and 6 weeks, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively. Patients were divided into 2 cohorts based on the type of initial treatment: K-wire fixation and screw fixation. Statistical comparisons between these 2 cohorts were performed with an alpha of 0.05.

Results:
There were 762 patients included in this study, 72.6% (n=553) of which were treated with K-wire fixation. The mean duration of immobilization was 5 weeks in both cohorts, and most patients in this study demonstrated radiographic healing by 11 weeks postoperatively, regardless of treatment method. Similar reoperation rates were seen among those treated with K-wires and screws (5.6% vs. 4.3%, P=0.473). Elbow stiffness requiring further intervention with physical therapy was significantly more common in those treated with K-wires compared with children treated with screws (21.2% vs. 13.9%, P=0.023) as was superficial skin infection (3.8% vs. 0%, P=0.002), but there was no significant difference in nonunion rates between the two groups (2.4% vs. 1.3%, P=1.000).

Conclusion:
We found similar success rates between K-wire and screw fixation in this patient population. Contrary to previous studies, we did not find evidence that treatment with screw fixation decreases the likelihood of experiencing nonunion. However, given the unique complications associated with K-wire fixation, such as elbow stiffness and superficial skin infection, the treatment with screw fixation remains a reasonable alternative to K-wire fixation in these patients.

Level of Evidence:
Level III—retrospective comparative study
Use of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in Amiodarone Treatment: A Systematic Review of Recent Literature
Authors: Jørgensen Adam El Mongy , Hermann Thomas Steffen , Christensen Hanne Rolighed , Dalhoff Kim Peder 
Published: January 2023

Background:
Amiodarone is a class III antiarrhythmic drug used to prevent supraventricular and ventricular tachyarrhythmias. It has substantial toxicity; however, the use of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) seems unclear in the absence of a therapeutic range or an association between amiodarone blood concentration and effect. In this review, the authors examined the reported amiodarone blood concentration measurements in the last 10 years and subsequently noted the frequency by which TDM was used to optimize therapy.

Methods:
In March 2022, the Embase and MEDLINE databases were searched for articles published in English in the previous 10 years using the keywords “amiodarone,” “therapeutic drug monitoring,” or “serum/plasma/blood”.

Results:
This study included 19 of the 478 articles identified. TDM has not been studied in conjunction with regular amiodarone maintenance therapy. One study used TDM during the initial treatment phase but the amiodarone dose was not changed. In 3 other case reports, TDM was used to guide amiodarone treatment through drug–drug interactions, and plasma levels of the active metabolite mono-N-desethyl-amiodarone (MDEA) verified 2 amiodarone toxicities.

Conclusions:
Because the antiarrhythmic effect of amiodarone is not correlated with blood concentrations and is easily detectable by electrocardiogram, the routine use of TDM in maintenance therapy is controversial, as evidenced by a scarcity of published literature in the recent decade. Furthermore, amiodarone toxicity is evident with normal/low amiodarone or MDEA levels; hence, TDM of amiodarone provides no therapeutic benefit to patients.
Any alcohol use in NAFLD patients is associated with significant changes to the intestinal virome
Authors: Hsu Cynthia L. , Lang Sonja , Demir Münevver , Fouts Derrick E. , Stärkel Peter , Schnabl Bernd 
Published: January 2023

Background and Aims:
The prevalence of alcohol use disorder (AUD) and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) are increasing worldwide, leading to the increasing likelihood of both etiologies contributing to a patient’s liver disease. However, the effects of modest alcohol use in NAFLD are controversial and more studies are needed. We compared the intestinal viromes of patients with AUD and NAFLD in order to evaluate the effect of alcohol consumption on the intestinal viromes of NAFLD patients by extracting virus-like particles and performing metagenomic sequencing.

Approach and Results:
Viral nucleic acids were extracted from fecal samples and subjected to metagenomic sequencing. We demonstrate significant differences in the intestinal viromes of NAFLD and AUD patients, and that alcohol use in NAFLD patients reclassified to MAFLD accounted for significant differences in the intestinal viromes. The relative abundance of several Lactococcus phages was more similar between AUD patients and alcohol-consuming MAFLD patients than non–alcohol-consuming MAFLD patients and control subjects, and multivariate modeling using the most discriminating Lactococcus phages could better predict alcohol use in the MAFLD population than the alcohol-associated liver disease/NAFLD Index. Significant differences in the viral composition and diversity were also seen between MAFLD patients with low and moderate alcohol consumption compared with no alcohol consumption.

Conclusions:
The intestinal virome of MAFLD patients who consume low to moderate amounts of alcohol are significantly different from those who do not, and many features of the intestinal virome of alcohol-consuming MAFLD patients resemble that of AUD patients.
Midline 1 interacting protein 1 promotes cancer metastasis through FOS-like 1-mediated matrix metalloproteinase 9 signaling in HCC
Authors: Chiu Yung-Tuen , Husain Abdullah , Sze Karen Man-Fong , Ho Daniel Wai-Hung , Suarez Eliana Mary Senires , Wang Xia , Lee Eva , Ma Hoi-Tang , Lee Joyce Man-Fong , Chan Lo-Kong , Ng Irene Oi-Lin 
Published: January 2023

Background and Aims:
Understanding the mechanisms of HCC progression and metastasis is crucial to improve early diagnosis and treatment. This study aimed to identify key molecular targets involved in HCC metastasis.

Approach and Results:
Using whole-transcriptome sequencing of patients’ HCCs, we identified and validated midline 1 interacting protein 1 (MID1IP1) as one of the most significantly upregulated genes in metastatic HCCs, suggesting its potential role in HCC metastasis. Clinicopathological correlation demonstrated that MID1IP1 upregulation significantly correlated with more aggressive tumor phenotypes and poorer patient overall survival rates. Functionally, overexpression of MID1IP1 significantly promoted the migratory and invasive abilities and enhanced the sphere-forming ability and expression of cancer stemness-related genes of HCC cells, whereas its stable knockdown abrogated these effects. Perturbation of MID1IP1 led to significant tumor shrinkage and reduced pulmonary metastases in an orthotopic liver injection mouse model and reduced pulmonary metastases in a tail-vein injection model in vivo. Mechanistically, SP1 transcriptional factor was found to be an upstream driver of MID1IP1 transcription. Furthermore, transcriptomic sequencing on MID1IP1-overexpressing HCC cells identified FOS-like 1 (FRA1) as a critical downstream mediator of MID1IP1. MID1IP1 upregulated FRA1 to subsequently promote its transcriptional activity and extracellular matrix degradation activity of matrix metalloproteinase MMP9, while knockdown of FRA1 effectively abolished the MID1IP1-induced migratory and invasive abilities.

Conclusions:
Our study identified MID1IP1 as a regulator in promoting FRA1-mediated-MMP9 signaling and demonstrated its role in HCC metastasis. Targeting MID1IP1-mediated FRA1 pathway may serve as a potential therapeutic strategy against HCC progression.
Taste Changes after Atresioplasty in Patients with Congenital Aural Atresia
Authors: Park Sung-Min , Kim Hack Jung , Son Se Eun , Cho Yang-Sun 
Published: January 2023

Objective
We evaluated chorda tympani nerve (CTN) and postoperative taste dysfunction according to anomaly severity and intraoperative CTN status.

Study Design
Prospective observational study.

Setting
Tertiary referral center, Samsung medical center hospital.

Patients
Thirty-one patients who underwent atresioplasty by a single surgeon in a tertiary referral center were enrolled.

Interventions
Therapeutic surgery.

Main Outcome Measures
Preoperative Schuknecht type and Jahrsdoerfer score and intraoperative CTN status were recorded, and a postoperative questionnaire was administered to evaluate taste function.

Results
A significant difference was found among intact, cut, and unidentified groups in terms of Schuknecht type (p = 0.000) and Jahrsdoerfer score (9.28 ± 1.11, 8.80 ± 0.83, 8.10 ± 0.93, p = 0.028). CTN was observed in Schuknecht type B, and not in type C (p = 0.000), and was more likely to be observed as Jahrsdoerfer score increased (p = 0.012). Taste disturbance tended to last longer in adult patients than in children. A significant difference was observed in the incidence of taste change between cut and intact CTN groups (p = 0.018).

Conclusion
CTN was not identified during surgery in patients with Schuknecht type C anomalies, and there was no change in taste after surgery. Meanwhile, CTN was observed in all patients with Schuknecht type B anomalies, and CTN injury occurred in 41.67%. Therefore, CTN presence can be predicted by severity of anomaly, and patients with type B anomalies should be informed of the risk of CTN injury before surgery.
The effect of Taohong Siwu decoction combined with antihypertensive medicine in the treatment of hypertension: Meta-analysis
Authors: Xie Peng-Cheng , Liang Qiu-Er , Tu Wan-Qing , Xie Ting , Lam Lai Kwan , Chen Li-Guo 
Published: January 2023

Background:Taohong Siwu Decoction (THSWD) is a classic prescription of traditional Chinese medicine. Recent research has shown that the practical components of THSWD have specific curative effects on various cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension, suggesting THSWD could effectively lower blood pressure (BP) with fewer side effects. However, little information is available regarding the effectiveness of THSWD combined with antihypertensive medicine on hypertension.Objective:This meta-analysis aimed to study the efficacy and safety of THSWD in treating hypertension.Methods:According to the search strategy, 8 databases were searched, including China Knowledge Network (CNKI), Wanfang Database, VIP Database, Pubmed, China Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), web of science, EMBASE and Cochrane Library, for the randomized controlled trial of THSWD on hypertension. 9 RCTs were included and 827 patients were involved. This meta-analysis used RevMan 5.4 to evaluate the articles.Results:This review included 9 RCTs. All studies were THSWD with the antihypertensive drug compared with single antihypertensive western medicine. The total effective rate of THSWD combined with corresponding western medicine was significantly improved (Relative risk = 1.26; 95% CI: 1.16–1.37,P < .00001), which could effectively reduce the systolic BP (MD = −15.28 mm Hg; 95% CI: −20.17 to −10.40,P < .00001=, diastolic BP (MD = −9.70 mm Hg; 95% CI: −12.66 to −6.73,P < .00001), Triglycerides (MD = −1.48, 95%CI: −2.09 to −0.87,P < .00001), total cholesterol (MD = −1.43, 95% CI: −1.63 to −1.24,P < .00001) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (MD = −0.93, 95% CI: −1.07 to −0.80,P < .00001). Compared with the single routine western medicine group, THSWD combined with the corresponding western medicine increased serum high-density lipoprotein (MD = 0.41, 95% CI: 0.35 to 0.46,P < .00001).Conclusion:THSWD combined with antihypertensive drugs in treating hypertension was curative in lowering BP, improving blood lipid levels and reducing the incidence of adverse reactions compared to antihypertensive medications treatment. However, more high-quality studies are needed due to the biased results and the small number of studies for further verification of the effectiveness of THSWD, and providing a new treatment for clinical reference.
A multicenter registry of neuropsychiatric outpatients in Korean medicine hospitals (KMental): Protocol of a prospective, multicenter, registry study
Authors: Suh Hyo-Weon , Ko Youme , Moon Seunghwan , Kim Jong Woo , Chung Sun-Yong , Hong Sunggyu , Lee Hyun Woo , Huang Ching-Wen , Jang Bo-Hyoung 
Published: January 2023

Introduction:
Mental health is an important global health concern. In Korea, many people visit Korean medicine clinics due to Stagnation syndrome and Hwabyung (cultural idioms of distress).

Methods and analysis:
We established a research collaboration comprising of professionals from 8 Korean medicine hospitals and planned a prospective, multicenter registry study. Demographic, socioeconomic, and clinical data will be collected from patients with mental disorders visiting the Korean medicine neuropsychiatric department of Korean medicine hospitals. We will include major psychiatric diagnoses related to neurosis and Korean traditional mental disorders such as Stagnation syndrome and Hwabyung.
We expect to identify comprehensive characteristics of participants, measure the severity of their symptoms or distress, and investigate patterns of Korean medicine interventions and treatment responses for both the short-term and long-term (at least 4 years). Additionally, this study will include Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service data to analyze the medical use of registered patients before and after registration, in case the participant submits the consent form for personal information collection and use.
To analyze the effectiveness of Korean medicine treatment for the participants, stratified or corrected analyses of age, sex, and diagnosis will be performed. The difference in the change in the psychometric measurements, quality of life measured by short form 36, and quality-adjusted life years will be calculated to evaluate the effectiveness of Korean medicine treatment.
The efficacy and safety of pre-emptive methoxamine infusion in preventing hypotension by in elderly patients receiving spinal anesthesia: A PRISMA-compliant protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Li Ling , He Li-Xian , Yao Yun-Tai ,   The Evidence in Cardiovascular Anesthesia (EICA) Group
Published: January 2023

Background:
Hypotension is frequent after spinal anesthesia, especially in elderly patients. Whether pre-emptive methoxamine infusion is effective and safe to prevent spinal anesthesia-induced hypotension is still a controversial issue, to dress this knowledge lack, we performed a systemic review and meta-analysis to evaluated it.

Participants:
Elderly patients undergoing spinal anesthesia.

Interventions:
Administration of methoxamine prior to spinal anesthesia.

Methods:
We searched PUBMED, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, and VIP Database, Chinese BioMedical Literature & Retrieval System from January 1st 1978 to February 28th 2022. Primary outcomes of interests included hemodynamic parameters, such as systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure, heart rate. Secondary outcomes of interests included the incidence of intraoperative hypotension, bradycardia, nausea and vomiting, vasopressors requirement, intraoperative blood loss. For continuous or dichotomous variables, treatment effects were calculated as weighted mean difference or odds ratio, respectively.

Results:
Our search yielded 8 randomized controlled trials including 480 patients, and 240 patients were allocated into methoxamine group and 240 into control group. Meta-analysis demonstrated that pre-emptive methoxamine infusion in preventing hypotension by in elderly patients receiving spinal anesthesia had higher blood pressures, lower heart rates. Compared with the control group, the incidence of perioperative hypotension in elderly patients was lower, and elderly patients had less requirement for vasopressor in methoxamine group.

Conclusion:
This meta-analysis demonstrated that pre-emptive methoxamine infusion in elderly patients receiving spinal anesthesia can improve blood pressure, slow down heart rate, reduce the incidence of hypotension and requirement for vasopressor. However, these findings should be interpreted rigorously. Further well-conducted trials are required to confirm this.
Evaluation of STD Surveillance System Electronic Laboratory Processing in Florida: Automating Case Creation, Reporting, and Closure of Chlamydia and Gonorrhea Cases
Authors: Danforth Brandi , Matthias James , Jashinsky Jared , McCorvey Alaina 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background
Each year, Florida Department of Health staff process hundreds of thousands of electronically received laboratory results for chlamydia (CT) and gonorrhea (GC). These processing steps are currently performed manually in Florida’s surveillance system and divert from other sexually transmitted disease (STD) prevention efforts. We developed processes that would automate these procedures and evaluated the impact on potential programmatic time savings.

Methods
We evaluated 575,952 electronic CT/GC laboratory results from January 2019 through December 2021. Laboratory results were processed through the newly automated procedures and algorithms. Expected time savings were projected using conservative estimates of one minute saved every time an automated process replaced a current manual procedure: profile matching, profile creation, event record creation, case review, and case reporting. Exceptions to automatic case reporting applied to certain higher priority populations needing intervention.

Results
During this period, 297,348 electronic CT/GC laboratory results were received for people with no previous recorded history of STDs and required profile creation. In total, 386,763 new surveillance infection records were created for reporting. Of reported cases, 127,345 were from higher priority groups. The proposed automations would have saved an estimated 33,121 hours of staff time, about 11,040 hours or the work of 5.3 full time staff annually.

Conclusions
Automating current CT/GC laboratory processing would save thousands of personnel hours that could be redirected to higher priority activities. Flexibility in prioritization criteria for automated case reporting allows programs to adjust automation to disease prevention priorities and resources. Similar automation procedures could be developed by other jurisdictions or health programs.
Museum Meanderings XII
Authors: Altschuler Eric L. , Altschuler Daniel L. , Morgan Crystal N. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In the April 1930 issue of the journal, Founding Editor-in-Chief William Rush Dunton, Jr, MD, initiated a new series: Museum Meanderings. Eleven installments of the series ran intermittently until December 1931. Here, a 12th installment, an e-museum “tour” of paintings by the great American artist Jacob Lawrence (1917–2000) relevant to rehabilitation medicine, is offered. In particular, his Occupational Therapy No. 1 (1949) is a most thought-provoking and inspiring masterpiece. The painting depicts five women performing various sewing activities with space in the painting brilliantly divided. The painting has been discussed by art critics, but it has not been appreciated that all the women appear actually to be the same person! Thus, the painting shows the stages or cycle of rehabilitation. Echoing Rush Dunton’s thoughts in 1930, we invite further contributions to the series.
Interpretable Machine Learning-based Decision Support for Prediction of Antibiotic Resistance for Complicated Urinary Tract Infections
Authors: Yang Jenny , Eyre David W. , Clifton David A. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractUrinary tract infections are one of the most common bacterial infections worldwide; however, increasing antimicrobial resistance in bacterial pathogens is making it challenging for clinicians to correctly prescribe patients appropriate antibiotics. In this study, we present four interpretable machine learning-based decision support systems for predicting antimicrobial resistance. Using electronic health record data from a large cohort of patients diagnosed with complicated UTIs, we demonstrate high predictability of antibiotic resistance across four antibiotics – nitrofurantoin, co-trimoxazole, ciprofloxacin, and levofloxacin. We additionally demonstrate the generalizability of our methods on a separate cohort of patients with uncomplicated UTIs. Through our study, we demonstrate that machine learning-based methods can help reduce the risk of non-susceptible treatment, facilitate rapid clinical intervention, enable more personalized approaches for treatment recommendation, while additionally allowing model interpretability that explains the basis for predictions.