bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Salvage therapy with sulbactam/durlobactam against cefiderocol-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in a critically ill burn patient: clinical challenges and molecular characterization
Authors: Tiseo Giusy , Giordano Cesira , Leonildi Alessandro , Riccardi Niccolò , Galfo Valentina , Limongi Federica , Nicastro Manuela , Barnini Simona , Falcone Marco 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background
Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) infections are associated with high mortality rates. The optimal treatment regimen for CRAB has not been defined. Cefiderocol has been recently introduced in the armamentarium against CRAB but there is concern about treatment-emergent resistance. Since mortality rates in CRAB infections remain high, further antibiotic options are needed.

Methods
We report a case of severe infection by CRAB resistant to both colistin and cefiderocol treated with sulbactam/durlobactam and describe the molecular features of the strain. Susceptibility to cefiderocol was detected by disc diffusion according to EUCAST breakpoints. Susceptibility to sulbactam/durlobactam was determined by Etest according to preliminary breakpoints provided by Entasis Therapeutics. Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) of the CRAB isolate was performed.

Results
A burn patient with ventilator-associated pneumonia by CRAB resistant to colistin and cefiderocol received sulbactam/durlobactam as compassionate use. She was alive after 30 days from the end of therapy. Complete microbiological eradication of CRAB was achieved. The isolate harboured blaADC-30, blaOXA-23 and blaOXA-66. A missense mutation in PBP3 was detected. The isolate harboured a mutation in the TonB-dependent siderophore receptor gene piuA that showed a frameshift mutation causing a premature stop codon (K384fs). Moreover, the fepA gene, which is orthologous to pirA, was interrupted by a transposon insertion P635-ISAba125 (IS30 family).

Conclusions
Further treatment options for severe infections by CRAB resistant to all available antibiotics are urgently needed. Sulbactam/durlobactam may be a future option against MDR A. baumannii.
Airfoil GAN: encoding and synthesizing airfoils for aerodynamic shape optimization
Authors: Wang Yuyang , Shimada Kenji , Barati Farimani Amir 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The current design of aerodynamic shapes, like airfoils, involves computationally intensive simulations to explore the possible design space. Usually, such design relies on the prior definition of design parameters and places restrictions on synthesizing novel shapes. In this work, we propose a data-driven shape encoding and generating method, which automatically learns representations from existing airfoils and uses the learned representations to generate new airfoils. The representations are then used in the optimization of synthesized airfoil shapes based on their aerodynamic performance. Our model is built upon VAEGAN, a neural network that combines Variational Autoencoder with Generative Adversarial Network and is trained by the gradient-based technique. Our model can (1) encode the existing airfoil into a latent vector and reconstruct the airfoil from that, (2) generate novel airfoils by randomly sampling the latent vectors and mapping the vectors to the airfoil coordinate domain, and (3) synthesize airfoils with desired aerodynamic properties by optimizing learned features via a genetic algorithm. Our experiments show that the learned features encode shape information thoroughly and comprehensively without predefined design parameters. By interpolating/extrapolating feature vectors or sampling from Gaussian noises, the model can automatically synthesize novel airfoil shapes, some of which possess competitive or even better aerodynamic properties as compared to airfoils used for model training purposes. By optimizing shapes on the learned latent domain via a genetic algorithm, synthesized airfoils can evolve to target aerodynamic properties. This demonstrates an efficient learning-based airfoil design framework that encodes and optimizes the airfoil on the latent domain and synthesizes promising airfoil candidates for required aerodynamic performance.
Ball tracking and trajectory prediction system for tennis robots
Authors: Yang Yoseph , Kim David , Choi Dongil 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Recently, as the service robot market has grown, robots have emerged in various fields such as industry, service, and sports. In the field of sports, robots that can play with humans have been developed. We proposed a novel vision system for measuring the trajectory of a tennis ball and predicting its bound position, which can be utilized in the development of tennis robots. In this paper, we introduce a ball detection algorithm using an artificial neural network and a ball trajectory prediction algorithm using stereo vision. Our approach involved the use of a net vision system and a robot vision system to accurately detect and track the ball as it moves across the court. By combining these two systems, we were able to predict the trajectory and bound position of the tennis ball with high accuracy. As a result, the accuracy of the neural network for ball detection in actual tennis images reaches 81.4%. The ball trajectory prediction error in Gazebo simulation is 29.6 cm in the x-axis, 7.2 cm in the y-axis, and 11.7 cm in the z-axis on average.
The “oldest and the newest of nurses”: Nursing and the Professionalization of Obstetrics and Gynecology
Authors: Daxenbichler Maria 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
When in the late nineteenth century American physicians increasingly replaced midwives in the care of obstetrical and gynecological patients, they could do so only because they were aided by another emerging group of healthcare professionals: nurses. Nurses were instrumental in assisting physicians in the care of patients in labor and during recovery. They were also necessary for male physicians because the vast majority of nurses were women and their presence during gynecological and obstetrical treatments made it more socially acceptable for men to examine female patients. In hospital schools in the northeast and through long-distance nursing programs, physicians taught students about obstetrical nursing and instructed them to protect the modesty of female patients. They also tried to instill strict professional hierarchies between nurses and physicians, emphasizing that nurses should never attempt to deliver a patient without a physician. But as nursing emerged into a unique professional practice separate from that of physicians, nurses were able to negotiate better education in the care of laboring patients. In order to take over women’s sexual and reproductive health care from traditional providers, physicians conceded to nurses’ demands for more authority in patient care.
Population dynamics ofNyssomyia whitmani(Diptera: Psychodidae) in domestic and peridomestic environments in Northeast Argentina, a tegumentary leishmaniasis outbreak area
Authors: Manteca-Acosta Mariana , Cueto Gerardo Rubén , Poullain Matias , Santini María Soledad , Salomón Oscar Daniel 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn the present study, the temporal dynamics of the main vector of Leishmania braziliensis, Nyssomyia whitmani, was measured by monthly captures of phlebotominae sandflies during 5 consecutive years (from 2011 to 2016) in the Paranaense region of South America. The captures were performed in environments where the human–vector contact risk is high: domiciliary and peridomiciliary environments in a rural area endemic of tegumentary leishmaniasis. Nyssomyia whitmani was recorded as the dominant species of the phlebotominae ensemble in all domiciliary and peridomiciliary environments (House, Chicken Shed, Pigsty, and Forest Edge). Using generalized additive models, intra- and interannual fluctuations were observed, modulated by meteorological variables such as the minimum temperature and the accumulated precipitation 1 wk prior to capture. The installation of a pigsty by the farmer during the study period allowed us to observe and describe the so-called “pigsty effect” where the Ny. whitmani population was spatially redistributed, turning the pigsty as the environment that obtained the highest phlebotominae record counts, thus maintaining the farm overall abundance, supporting the idea that the environmental management of the peridomicile could have an impact on the reduction of epidemiological risk by altering the spatial distribution of the phlebotominae ensemble in the environments.
Flower surface is warmer in center than at edges in alpine plants: evidence from Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Zhang Yan , Tang Yanhong 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Although flower temperature plays an important role in plant reproduction, how it varies spatially on the flower surface is unclear, especially in alpine plants. To characterize spatial variation in flower surface temperature, we examined thermal images of flowers of 18 species along an altitudinal transect from 3200 to 4000 m on Lenglong Mountain on the north-eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. The surface temperature varied considerably within a flower or floral unit in all plants under sunlight, and was about 1 °C with a maximum of 11 °C higher in the center than at the edges. Solar radiation and flower shape significantly affected the temperature range and standard deviation and the ratio of flower center to edge temperature. The spatial variability of temperature increased with flower size. Flowers in the Asteraceae had higher surface temperatures, greater spatial variability of temperature, and consistently higher and more stable temperatures in the center than at the edge. The ratio of flower center to edge temperature increased with altitude in most species. Heat buildup at the flower center is likely to be widespread in alpine plants; further studies are needed to explore its ecological and evolutional roles.
Importance of Asylum Status, Support Programmes, and Family Unit Functioning on the Mental Health of Syrian Forced Migrants in Switzerland: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Darwiche Joëlle , El Ghaziri Nahema , Blaser Jérémie , Spini Dario , Suris Joan-Carles , Antonietti Jean-Philippe , Sanchis Zozaya Javier , Marion-Veyron Régis , Bodenmann Patrick 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Due to the Syrian civil war, millions of Syrians have fled the country since 2011. Several issues have inhibited their successful resettlement, but few studies have examined the development of the healthcare needs of Syrian forced migrants in Europe. This study examined Syrian forced migrants’ healthcare needs in Switzerland, and whether migration type and family functioning affect their mental health. Our sample included 108 individuals from 14 families from the usual asylum process and 19 from the Swiss Resettlement Program (SRP). Each family member was surveyed thrice in 1 year. Several participants reported symptoms of major depressive and post-traumatic stress disorder. However, their general mental health was similar to that of the Western populations. Swiss Resettlement Program participants reported higher overall mental health scores than non-SRP participants, while the two groups showed different progression over time. Children and fathers reported similar levels of mental health, whereas mothers’ mental health scores worsened over time. Family functioning was important for mental health in both groups. Overall, considering the structural and family contexts is important when studying forced migrants’ mental health.
Aortic root abscess and Brucella endocarditis in a patient with mechanical aortic valve prosthesis: a case report
Authors: Alassiri Abdullah K , Alshair Fahad M , Fatani Mazin A , Baghaffar Abdullah H 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Rare but potentially fatal, brucellosis prosthetic valve endocarditis is a complication of brucellosis caused by Brucella species. The symptoms of brucellosis can be nonspecific, making the diagnosis challenging. Osteoarticular involvement is the most common complication of brucellosis. Mortality from brucellosis is low except for endocarditis and involvement of the central nervous system. The diagnosis is based on laboratory tests and clinical manifestations. Serological tests are preferred, as culture methods can be unreliable. A 59-year-old woman presented with gastrointestinal bleeding, fever, anorexia and malaise. She had a history of aortic valve replacement with a mechanical prosthesis for severe bicuspid aortic stenosis. Investigations revealed a multiloculated aortic root abscess encircling the prosthetic valve. She was diagnosed with brucella endocarditis, treated with antibiotics and underwent cardiac surgery. Her symptoms improved following the surgery. Brucellosis prosthetic valve endocarditis is a rare presentation of this disease.
A rare case of small bowel obstruction caused by Meckel’s diverticulum: case report
Authors: Najm Mahmoud , Kelzia Aya , Arnaout Ibrahim , Kadoura Lama , Ghazal Ahmad 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Meckel’s diverticulum MD is the most common congenital deformity of the gastrointestinal tract. It has a very low reported incidence. We reported a 9-year-old child complaining of symptoms of small bowel obstruction. He had no medical or surgical history. There is no signs of peritonitis and appendicitis. Simple abdominal X-ray diagnosed the obstruction, during surgery we found an MD located 30 cm from the ileocecal valve, fibrous band may be as complication for MD to the anterior abdominal wall at the umbilicus, the small intestines were wrapped around the band, causing the obstruction. The MD and the band were excised with end-to-end anastomosis. We diagnosed our case during surgery. Early surgery is important to preserve bowel from gangrene or necrosis. The patient’s well-being improved, and he was discharged from the hospital in good condition.
Constraints on the transition redshift from the calibrated gamma-ray burst Ep–Eiso correlation
Authors: Muccino Marco , Luongo Orlando , Jain Deepak 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
We constrain the deceleration–acceleration epoch, namely the transition redshift ztr, adopting model-independent techniques that utilize a calibrated Ep–Eiso correlation for gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). To do so, in addition to real data points, we employ up to 1000 simulated observational Hubble data (OHD) points. We then calibrate the Ep–Eiso correlation by means of the well-consolidate Bézier polynomial technique, interpolating OHD up to the second order. Once GRB data have been calibrated, we consider two strategies of cosmographic expansions, i.e. first we take a direct Hubble rate expansion around ztr, and second the expansion of the deceleration parameter around the same redshift, but with a different order. Employing Type Ia supernovae, baryonic acoustic oscillations and GRB data sets, from Monte Carlo analyses we infer tight constraints on ztr and the jerk parameters at z = ztr, namely jtr. Our results are extremely compatible with previous outcomes and confirm the Lambda cold dark matter predictions, being slightly different in terms of the jerk parameter. In this respect, we conjecture which extensions of the concordance paradigm are possible and we compare our findings with expectations provided by generic dark energy models.
A lensed radio jet at milli-arcsecond resolution – II. Constraints on fuzzy dark matter from an extended gravitational arc
Authors: Powell Devon M , Vegetti Simona , McKean J P , White Simon D M , Ferreira Elisa G M , May Simon , Spingola Cristiana 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
Using a single gravitational lens system observed at ≲ 5 mas resolution with very long baseline interferometry, we place a lower bound on the mass of the fuzzy dark matter (FDM) particle, ruling out mχ ≤ 4.4 × 10−21 eV with a 20:1 posterior odds ratio relative to a smooth lens model. We generalize our result to non-scalar and multiple-field models, such as vector FDM, with mχ,vec &gt; 1.4 × 10−21 eV. Due to the extended source structure and high angular resolution of the observation, our analysis is directly sensitive to the presence of granule structures in the main dark matter halo of the lens, which is the most generic prediction of FDM theories. A model based on well-understood physics of ultra-light dark matter fields in a gravitational potential well makes our result robust to a wide range of assumed dark matter fractions and velocity dispersions in the lens galaxy. Our result is competitive with other lower bounds on mχ from past analyses, which rely on intermediate modelling of structure formation and/or baryonic effects. Higher resolution observations taken at 10–100 GHz could improve our constraints by up to two orders of magnitude in the future.
#4337 UPDATED INTERIM RESULTS OF A PHASE 1/2 STUDY OF BION-1301 IN PATIENTS WITH IGA NEPHROPATHY
Authors: Barratt Jonathan , Kooienga Laura , Agha Irfan , Ruiz-Ramon Pablo , Madan Arvind , Thomas Hanna , Sorensen Bess , Leiske Jocelyn , Khawaja Zeeshan , King Andrew , Jones-Burton Charlotte 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background and Aims
Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) is the leading cause of primary glomerulonephritis worldwide with limited treatment options, especially for high-risk patients. Approximately 30-45% of IgAN patients progress to end-stage kidney disease over a period of 20-25 years and proteinuria is the strongest predictor of disease progression [1]. BION-1301 is a novel humanized monoclonal antibody that blocks a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL), a cytokine that is elevated in patients with IgAN. APRIL promotes the production of pathogenic galactose-deficient IgA1 (Gd-IgA1), leading to immune complex deposition and subsequent kidney injury. Blocking APRIL with BION-1301 is a potential disease-modifying approach to directly target the pathogenesis of IgAN. In a Phase 1/2 study (NCT 03945318) in healthy volunteers and patients with IgAN, BION-1301 was well-tolerated with no serious adverse events (SAEs) and durably reduced free APRIL, IgA, Gd-IgA1, IgM and to a lesser extent, IgG [2].

Method
For the ongoing phase 1/2 open-label, multicohort trial, eligibility criteria include adults with biopsy-proven IgAN, eGFR ≥30 mL/min per 1.73 m2, baseline urine protein excretion ≥0.5 g/24 hrs or UPCR ≥0.5 g/g, and on stable/optimized RASi (or intolerant). Cohort 1 received 450 mg of BION-1301 administered IV every 2 weeks, transitioning to SC at 600 mg every 2 weeks after at least 24 weeks. Cohort 2 receives 600 mg of BION-1301 SC every 2 weeks.

Results
In both Cohorts 1 and 2, BION-1301 was generally well-tolerated, with no SAEs or terminations due to AEs as of the last reported interim analysis (November 2022) [2]. Durable reductions in serum levels of free APRIL and immunoglobulins were observed in both cohorts. No anti-drug antibodies have been observed in patients with IgAN to date. In Cohort 1, clinically meaningful reductions in proteinuria were seen as early as 12 weeks (30.4% geometric mean UPCR reduction, n = 7), and were sustained through 24 weeks (48.8% geometric mean UPCR reduction, n = 8) and 52 weeks (66.9% geometric mean UPCR reduction, n = 8). Reductions in proteinuria were consistent in Cohort 2 (53.8% geometric mean UPCR reduction, n = 9) at 24 weeks. Significant and durable reductions in serum Gd-IgA1 concentrations were observed and were consistent across both cohorts. Updated data will be reported at the time of presentation.

Conclusion
BION-1301 offers disease-modifying potential by directly targeting the initiating pathogenesis of IgAN. Interim biomarker and clinical activity responses support advancement of BION-1301 into later-stage development for patients with IgAN.
#6688 HEMODIALYSIS CATHETER-RELATED RIGHT ATRIAL THROMBOSIS AND PULMONARY EMBOLISM: ANTICOAGULANT THERAPY MAY NOT BE REQUIRED
Authors: Cui Tian-Lei , Li Qiu , Zhao Yan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background and Aims
Though tunneled cuffed catheters (TCCs) are frequently inserted for treating thrombotic malfunction, it is unclear whether such exchanges are associated with an increased risk of pulmonary embolism (PE). This study sought to investigate the incidence of PE among patients with hemodialysis catheter- related right atrial thrombosis (CRAT).

Method
We conducted a retrospective cohort study on 180 hemodialysis (HD) patients treated in the West China Hospital with a diagnosis of CRAT between May 2018 and March 2020. All cases with CRAT were treated with catheter replacements (guidewire exchange or insertion at new sites) and the tip of new catheters were adjusted to be away from the original position and close to the right atrial. Antiplatelet therapy was started after the surgery with dipyridamole. All patients maintained routine hemodialysis without any thrombolysis or thrombectomy.We investigated the PE incidence and mortality among them.

Results
Of the 180 patients undergoing catheter replacement and with CART, 10 patients had asymptomatic PEs pre-operation and 3 additional patients developed PE post-operation. During follow-up, two patients died of pneumonia and acute myocardial infarction, respectively, but no patients died due to PE or other thrombosis complications.

Conclusion
The incidence of PE among HD patients with CRAT is low (5.6%), and there does not appear to exist an elevated risk of fatal PE. Combined catheter.
#3813 EFFECT OF ORAL FLAVONOIDS ON ARTERIAL STIFFNESS IN CKD: A PILOT PROSPECTIVE STUDY
Authors: Vagkopoulou Anastasia , Haddad Nasra , Kontogiorgos Ioannis , Papatolios Thomas , Papadopoulou Evaggelia , Makridis Dimitrios , Tsimikas Stergios , Kalaitzidis Rigas , Karasavvidou Despina 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background and Aims
Flavonoids, the main category of polyphenols possess antioxidative and antihypertensive properties mediated through endothelial protection, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone and sympathetic system suppression. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of oral flavonoids administration in arterial stiffness indices and of oxidative stress markers in patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD).

Method
The enrolled patients received chocolate bars rich in polyphenols (200 mg) daily for a period of 3 months The patients underwent clinical examination and laboratory test arterial stiffness measurements with Sphygmocor. Markers of oxidative stress (total phenols, total plasma antioxidant capacity, protein carbonyls) were also measured

Results
Sixteen patients were enrolled in the study, [median age 62.5 years (± 8,2), 14 patients (87,5%) were male]. Clinical characteristics, blood pressure measurements, arterial stiffness indices and markers of oxidative stress are summarized in table 1,2 and 3. Peripheral systolic Blood Pressure (PSBP) was decreased by 13,56 mmHg (± 2,57), (p&lt; 0,001). Pulse wave velocity (PWV) and central pulse pressure (CPP) were significantly decreased (8,2 m/sec (5,1-9,22), vs 8,85 m/sec (6,7-11,75), (p&lt;0,001) and 47,63 (36,5-60) versus [59,13 mmHg (43,5-69 respectively) at the end of the study], (p=0,003). Markers of oxidative stress were also improved. A decreased in plasma proteinic carbonyls 52,54 nmol/ml ± 25,04 versus (73,50 nmol/ml ± 18,65, (p&lt;0,001) was observed while antioxidative capacity was increased 3,55% (1,15-6,38) versus 12,51% (6,26-17,66) (p= 0,013). Importantly no side effects were observed during the study period.

Conclusion
In this pilot study, oral flavonoid supplementation in the dose of 200 mg may improve arterial stiffness indices and systolic blood pressure measurements and contribute to the improvement of antioxidative capacity in CKD patients.