bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Her-2 protein in histologically tumor-free margins of oral squamous cell carcinoma: An immunohistochemical study
Authors: Kamat Mamata , Puranik Rudrayya S. , Rai Bhagawan Das , Patil Basavaraj R. , K Varsha V. , Kamat Sharad 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
The status of the 5-year survival rate and loco-regional recurrence in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has remained unchanged over the decades. Recent advances in oral cancer research have revealed that the presence of molecular alterations in histologically tumor-free margins of OSCC has a prognostic significance and can aid in designing therapeutic strategies. However, the literature on molecular studies on histologically tumor-free margins is scant, especially in the Indian population. Considering the prognostic implications of Her-2 in malignancies of the breast, ovary, and OSCC, we aimed to assess the expression of Her-2 protein in histologically tumor-free margins of OSCC and to establish correlation with clinico-pathological parameters.

Methods:
4 μ m thick sections from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue blocks of 40 histologically tumor-free margins of OSCC affecting the buccal mucosa and/or lower gingiva-buccal sulcus and 40 normal oral mucosa samples were subjected to immunohistochemical analysis for the Her-2 antibody. The obtained data were analyzed statistically.

Results:
The mean ages in study and control groups were 49.83 years (SD ± 10.43) and 37.28 years (SD ± 8.61), respectively, with male predominance. Local recurrence was seen in 52.5% of patients. Follow-up data revealed that a total of 71.4% of patients succumbed to mortality and all of them had reported local recurrence. Overall, the presence of local recurrence and the status of survival showed a statistically significant association (p = 0.0001). All the samples in the study and control groups were negative for Her-2 immuno-expression.

Conclusion:
The study indicated the lack of Her-2 immuno-expression in histologically tumor-free margins of OSCC with several speculated explanations. As it is a preliminary study, further studies employing both immunohistochemistry (IHC) and gene amplification in histologically tumor-free margins of OSCC affecting different anatomical sites are warranted. This will aid in identifying the subset of patients that may benefit from targeted therapy.
Utility of Glasgow Microenvironment Score as a prognostic tool in colorectal carcinoma
Authors: Ahuja Manisha , Dwarak Amritha , Mallya Varuna , Mandal Shramana , Tomar Reena , Khurana Nita , Lal Pawanindra , Singh Kishore 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background:
Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is third most common malignancy in the world. The presence of Lymphocytes particularly at the invasive margin of the tumor have been associated with good immune response indicating better prognosis. The relative tumor stroma is also important in deciding the course of the disease. The Glasgow Microenvironment Score (GMS) comprises of assessment of tumor cell infiltrate using Klintrup-Makinen (KM) grade and tumor stroma percentage.

Aims:
The aim of the present study is to evaluate the utility of GMS score in relation to parameters of adverse histopathological outcome in carcinoma colon that is grading, staging, LVI, PNI and nodal metastasis.

Setting and Design:
Colectomy specimens received over 3 year period were subjected to microscopic evaluation for LVI, PNI, grade, stage & lymph node metastasis.

Materials and Methods:
Lymphocytes at the deepest invasive margin of tumor were counted as per KM score in 5 HPF by two independent pathologists . Patients were classified as Low grade (0/1) or high grade (2/3) response. Tumor stroma percentage was calculated as stroma poor (<50%) and stroma rich (>/= 50 %). The GMS was scored by combining the two and scored 0, 1 and 2.

Statistics and Results:
Total 37 patients with no prior therapy were included out of which 23 were males and 14 females. 15 patients (40.54%) had GMS of 0, 6 (16.21%) had GMS 1 and 16 (43.24%) had GMS 2. A high GMS was associated with LVI (P = 0.02), PNI (P = 0.01) lymph node metastasis (P = 0.003). However, no significant association was found between GMS with Grade (P = 0.98) and Stage (P = 0.36).

Conclusion:
Low GMS was associated with good outcome and high GMS with poor outcome. This score can be used for risk stratification, can be of clinical utility and may be applied to pathological descriptions of CRC.
Investigating unique genes of five molecular subtypes of breast cancer using penalized logistic regression
Authors: Raoufi Sadegh , Jafarinejad-Farsangi Saeideh , Dehesh Tania , Hadizadeh Morteza 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background:
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer and the fifth cause of death in women worldwide. Exploring unique genes for cancers has been interesting.

Patients and Methods:
This study aimed to explore unique genes of five molecular subtypes of BC in women using penalized logistic regression models. For this purpose, microarray data of five independent GEO data sets were combined. This combination includes genetic information of 324 women with BC and 12 healthy women. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) logistic regression and adaptive LASSO logistic regression were used to extract unique genes. The biological process of extracted genes was evaluated in an open-source GOnet web application. R software version 3.6.0 with the glmnet package was used for fitting the models.

Results:
Totally, 119 genes were extracted among 15 pairwise comparisons. Seventeen genes (14%) showed overlap between comparative groups. According to GO enrichment analysis, the biological process of extracted genes was enriched in negative and positive regulation biological processes, and molecular function tracking revealed that most genes are involved in kinase and transferring activities. On the other hand, we identified unique genes for each comparative group and the subsequent pathways for them. However, a significant pathway was not identified for genes in normal-like versus ERBB2 and luminal A, basal versus control, and lumina B versus luminal A groups.

Conclusion:
Most genes selected by LASSO logistic regression and adaptive LASSO logistic regression identified unique genes and related pathways for comparative subgroups of BC, which would be useful to comprehend the molecular differences between subgroups that would be considered for further research and therapeutic approaches in the future.
Frequency of Supraventricular Arrhythmias in COVID-19 Patients: A Single-Center Study
Authors: Al-Daydamony Mohammad Mustafa , El-Shaer Mohamed Hosam , Abdel-Latif Hany , El-Sanan Moataz Ali 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Cardiac arrhythmias had a significant association with the increased mortality rate in COVID-19 patients in hospitals. The present study aimed to evaluate the frequency of supraventricular arrhythmias in COVID-19 patients and to assess the echocardiographic parameters and inflammatory biomarkers in COVID-19 patients who developed supraventricular arrhythmias.

Methods:
This cross-sectional study enrolled 196 patients, 33 of them developed supraventricular arrhythmias during hospitalization in Zagazig University isolation hospital.

Results:
There was a statistically significant association between the occurrence of atrial fibrillation (AF) and both oxygen saturation and lymphocyte percentage, which was significantly lower in those with AF. There was a statistically significant association between the occurrence of AF and CORADS, C-reactive protein (CRP), and interleukin-6, which were significantly higher in those with AF. Younger age and higher oxygen saturation decreased the risk of supraventricular tachycardia among the studied patients. Increasing oxygen saturation decreased the risk of AF among the studied patients, while higher CRP significantly increased risk by 1.045 folds.

Conclusions:
Atrial arrhythmias, especially with AF considered prevalent in cases with COVID-19. The atrial arrhythmias were correlated with higher cardiac injury and inflammatory markers and elevated severe COVID-19 clinical manifestations. Regarding mortality in-hospital, the association between COVID-19 and atrial arrhythmias was independent.
Morbidity profile of the out patients in Swasthya Rakshan Programme of Siddha Central Research Institute, Chennai
Authors: Lawrence Juliet , Karunanidhi Samraj , Purushothaman Vinoth Nalupalil , Rajendran Parthiban , Panneerselvam Thenmozhi , Parameswaran Sathiyarajeswaran 
Published: April 2023

Introduction:
Siddha medicine is an ancient system and it is based on holistic health principles with main aim on preventive health care. Goal of public health is to improve health outcomes by preventing disease, promoting behaviors that reduce the risk of communicable and non-communicable diseases, and ensure the public access to quality health services. Swasthya Rakshan Programme (SRP) is a nationwide program to propagate Ayush systems. The purpose of the program is to promote health and health education in villages. The objective of this study is to develop a morbidity profile of the patients attending the SRP for further research in the particular area.

Materials and Methods:
A descriptive cross-sectional study has been done in the outreach outpatient department (OPD) and the data were collected from the old records maintained in the Statistical and Survey Division, Department of Clinical Research, Siddha Central Research Institute from April 2017 to March 2020. This record contains the demographic data, socioeconomic status, literacy, and diseases follow-up with diseases codes in the Ayapakkam, Mangadu, and Vanagaram villages in Tamil Nadu, India.

Results:
Totally 5409 cases who were attending the SRP OPDs from April 2017 to March 2020 have been included in the study. These patients have been repeatedly visiting the Siddha OPD for various illnesses. The women were seeking the Siddha treatment more than the male with Female-1114 cases, Male-553 cases, Female children-42 cases, Male children-29 cases. The diseases have been classified as per the National Siddha Morbidity codes in National Ayush Morbidity standardized terminologies Electronic Portal (NAMASTE Portal). The topmost category of diseases is musculo skeletal diseases and osteo arthritis (41%). diabetes mellitus (10%), cough (8%), and eczema (8%) are the diseases which have a greater number of cases.

Conclusion:
The success of a public health program depends on the public need. The more revisits of the patients show good response of the Siddha medicine. Hence this morbidity profile shows that there is a great need among the public toward the traditional medicines particularly Siddha medicine and it has been achieved to some extent through SRP program.
Polarity assignment method (PAM), ANN, Neural networks strategy for the data of PAM for the single degree of freedom flexible joint robot
Authors: Danh Nguyen 
Published: April 2023

This paper “describes” the investigation of the stability of a single Degree of Freedom (DOF) flexible robotic arm by the diagrams shown below. The derived model is based on Euler- Lagrange approach. Exploration of a flexible robotic arm with using state-of-the-art controllers is essential for intelligent applications. These robot arms have joints that work independently of each other in order to create a smooth connection between joints. They still ensures the natural properties like a real human arm. The use of polarity assignment method “helps” the system to achieve desired output signals which has not been thoroughtly studied before for this system. The author can also compare the effectiveness of control methods for this system to find the most effective method for control strategies. In particular, ANN ( artificial neural network) is the most modern technique currently applied to this system to investigate the security and stability of the system through this program. This is new and it has never been used before for a system of this type. Neural networks strategy has been implemented in this paper as an application of artificial intelligence. It has successfully performed a mission in re-simulating functions of another control method: Polarity assignment method. Simulation results are done by Matlab.
The impact of international exhibition of tourism and travels “SITEV” on the improvement of Algerian tourism destination image
Authors: Madoui Abdelaziz , Bendjeroua Hakim 
Published: April 2023

This study aims to examine the effectiveness of international exhibition of tourism and travels “ SITEV” in improving the Algerian tourism destination image, and its impact on attractiveness of tourists, through the questionnaire that was sent by e-mail and Facebook, and it was conducted on a sample of responsible of Algerian travels and tourism agencies especially in inbound tourism and its participation in the 19th edition that was organized in 2018.The findings indicate that the SITEV has many positive aspects and reflects the history, authenticity and cultural heritage of Algeria tourism destination that it was contributing in improving Algeria tourism destination image. However, the weakness of media coverage and the high costs of venue are contributed to reluctance of foreign operators and tourists to participate in the last editions which will require great efforts and promotion campaigns across big media channels and diminishing costs.
Cette étude vise à examiner l'efficacité du Salon International du Tourisme et des Voyages « SITEV » dans l'amélioration de l'image de la destination touristique Algérienne, et son impact sur l'attractivité des touristes étrangers. Et ce à travers le questionnaire qui a été envoyé par e-mail et Facebook, et qui a été réalisé chez un échantillon de responsables Algériens au niveau d'agences de voyages et de tourisme ; notamment les agences qui s’occupent des touristes étrangers et spécialement celles qui ont participés à la 19ème édition du Salon organisée en 2018.Les résultats obtenus indiquent que le SITEV dispose de nombreux aspects positifs et reflète réellement l'histoire, l'authenticité et le patrimoine culturel de l'Algérie. Ces éléments ont contribué à leur tour à l’amélioration de l'image de la destination touristique Algérienne. Néanmoins ; la faiblesse de la couverture médiatique et les coûts élevés de loyer des stands contribuent à la réticence des opérateurs étrangers et des touristes à participer surtout aux dernières éditions, ce qui nécessitera de grands efforts et des campagnes de promotion sur les grandes chaines médiatiques internationales spécialisées, ainsi que la révision des coûts de loyer des stands afin de les diminuer.
Spatiotemporal Mapping of Annual Malaria Incidence in Rivers State, Nigeria
Authors: Egbom S.E. , Nduka F.O. , Nzeako S.O. , Chukwuocha U.M. 
Published: April 2023

Rivers State is the centre of Nigeria's oil industry and has the presence of oil prospectors including expatriates who are at risk of malaria infection. Periodic analysis of epidemiological data will enable malaria control programmers to appraise the interventions carried out over the years and assist in the development of sustainable and adaptive strategies directed from an informed local level. This study, therefore, examined spatiotemporal variations in malaria incidence in the State using Annual Parasite Incidence (API) as an indicator. Monthly reported malaria cases from 2007-2017 at the local government area (LGA) level were retrieved from the Integrated Disease Surveillance Response (IDSR) system of Rivers State Ministry of Health while projected population data for the same period were obtained from the National Bureau of Statistics. API of the LGAs from 2007 to 2017 were computed, integrated into GIS, and subjected to weighted overlay analysis to delineate the risk zones. The eleven-year retrospective study of malaria in Rivers State displayed geographical variations which were statistically significant between the LGAs. Malaria incidence fluctuated throughout the study period. API values increased from 13.746 in 2007 to 34.067 in 2013 and dropped to 8.721 in 2017. All the LGAs recorded API values below 100, indicating a very low malaria burden in a controlled setting. However, none of the LGAs has reached the WHO standard level for the elimination of transmission. Ikwerre, Eleme, Ogu-Bolo and Opobo/Nkoro LGAs were assigned to the very high malaria risk stratum (362.615 to 490.005) whereas Abua-Odual, Akuku-Toru and Degema LGAs were assigned to very low-risk malaria stratum (103.281 to 113.897). The findings of this research will aid stakeholders in evaluating the impact of control strategies employed over the years and possibly, revisit malaria extant interventions for improved malaria control outcomes.
Monkeypox outbreak -Is this another pandemic?
Authors: Ipinnimo T.M. , Adeniyi I.O. , Ehizibue P.E. , Dan-Ugbomoiko O.S. 
Published: April 2023

The WHO declares a pandemic when there is a community transmission of a disease that is occurring in at least two countries in two WHO regions. This research evaluated the current (year 2022) outbreak of monkeypox against the criteria of a pandemic and suggests necessary health interventions. Monkeypox is a zoonotic disease, causing diseases in humans similar to smallpox. Since its discovery in humans in 1970, several outbreaks have occurred with the most recent spreading widely to non-endemic areas and fulfilling the WHO criteria for phase 6 of an outbreak as high cases of infections were seen in Europe and America. Although, the pandemic from monkeypox may not be remarkable because the basic reproductive number, attack, and case fatality rates are much lower than some of the previous pandemics. However, it should not be underestimated, as spread to vulnerable groups may be detrimental. It is therefore important for the health systems of countries to develop a pandemic preparedness and response plan for monkeypox and continue to monitor the outbreak with a prompt response when needed.
Mitigating heat stress in broiler chickens using dietary onion (Allium cepa) and ginger (Zingiber officinale) supplementation
Authors: Shah M. , Chand N. , Khan R.U. , Saeed M. , Ragni M. , Tarricone S. , Laudadio V. , Losacco C. , Tufarelli V. 
Published: April 2023

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of dietary onion (Allium cepa) and ginger (Zingiber officinale) supplementation on growth, carcass quality, antioxidant status, and immune response in broilers under heat stress. A total of 700 day-old Hubbard broiler chicks were weighed and assigned to five treatments and five replicates. Broilers were maintained in a thermoneutral (TN) environment or were exposed to heat stress (HS). For 35 days, HS birds were fed a control diet and three levels of onion and ginger powder as: 5 g/kg ginger + 1.5 g/kg onion (T1), 10 g/kg ginger + 2.5 g/kg onion (T2), and 15 g/kg ginger + 3.5 g/kg onion (T3). Body weight, feed conversion ratio (FCR), dressing percentage, and the weight of immune-related organs improved in T2 compared to the control. Blood concentrations of malondialdehyde (MDA) and paraoxonase-1 (PON1) were substantially higher in T2 than the control. Similarly, in the same dietary group, the antibody titre against Newcastle disease (ND) and total leucocyte count (TLC) were greater than the control diet. The findings of this research indicate that 10 g of ginger combined with 2.5 g of onion in the diet enhance broiler growth performance, carcass quality, antioxidant status, and immunological response under heat stress conditions.
New Modalities of the Global Sanctions Policy
Authors: Arapova E. Ya. 
Published: April 2023

The relevance and scientific novelty of the study lies in the author’s identifi cation of fundamentally new modalities of the global sanctions policy, including: the gradual expansion of the circle of countries initiating sanctions, the transformation of sanctions tools and thematic regimes of sanctions, the replication of the practice of using unilateral sanctions as tools to achieve foreign policy goals in a crisis of the unilateral world order and increasing competition and strategic confrontation between the great powers. The discourse and content analysis of legal documents regulating the institutionalization of sanctions regimes in the initiating countries made it possible to identify a number of important global trends in the last decade in the fi eld of sanctions policy. First, in the context of the growing popularity of fi nancial restrictions in the last decade, they are rapidly becoming more complex. The practice of imposing sanctions against Central banks and freezing the foreign exchange reserves of sanctioned countries is being replicated. From “freezing” the assets of sanctioned persons (individuals and legal entities), the initiators of sanctions are increasingly moving towards the practice of their confi scation, while forming appropriate legal mechanisms. Secondly, there are important shifts in the thematic regimes of sanctions: the “collective” legalization of cybersanctions regimes, the massive introduction of liability for circumvention of sanctions into national legislations and the replication of the experience of introducing sanctions restrictions against transactions with cryptocurrency and alternative mechanisms for cross-border settlements. Thirdly, the gradual replication of secondary sanctions tools is obvious, which are beginning to be used not only by the United States, but also by the United Kingdom and China, which in the long term (taking into account the strategic confrontation between China and the United States) might create a fundamentally new phenomenon of actual competition of sanctions extraterritoriality.
Participation of Women From Indigenous Peoples in the Formation of National Law
Authors: Tridewiyanti Kunthi , Anggraeni Ricca , Siyo Suryanto , Pattinaja Henri Christian 
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Discrimination against women from Indigenous Peoples in various ways of life including in the formation of national laws. This is due to the presence of a patriarchal culture which is reflected in laws and regulations both at the national and regional levels, thus showing injustice and inequality between men and women.Purposes of the Research: The purpose of this writing is to explain the importance of the participation of indigenous and tribal women in the formation of national law. The importance of this participation will contribute to the thought of a legal substance that provides equality and justiceMethods of the Research: This paper uses doctrinal research methods using a feminist legal theory approach.Results of the Research: The results and findings in this paper include, First, the voices and experiences of indigenous and tribal women are required in feminist legal theory to influence non-discriminatory legal norms in the formation of national law. Second, the participation of indigenous and tribal women as part of the Indonesian nation has a strategic position guaranteed by the constitution to carry out their role in forming national law. This is a prerequisite and a representation of the realization of democratic government and one of the other principles of good governance that is consistent and committed to prioritizing the interests of the nation and the State.