bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Agmatine alleviates brain oxidative stress induced by sodium azide
Authors: Rafi Hira , Rafiq Hamna , Farhan Muhammad 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Introduction: The brain is highly susceptible to oxidative damage due to excessive O2 tension, high concentration of oxidizable substrates, and low antioxidant capacity. Consequently, oxidative stress is linked to a number of brain disorders, and neurodegeneration. Sodium azide is a cytochrome oxidase inhibitor that promotes neurodegeneration by enhancing the release of excitotoxins and induces oxidative stress by peroxidation of membrane lipids, resulting in the release of intra-mitochondrial Ca + 2 and H2O2 (ROS Dependent-Ca + 2 release). Agmatine, a biogenic amine, is also referred to as a free radical scavenger and it protects the brain from membrane collapse, apoptosis, and mitochondrial swelling. The present study was designed to identify the antioxidative effects of agmatine on sodium azide-induced oxidative stress in brain tissues.
Methodology: 24 male albino Wistar rats were divided into water and sodium azide (5 mg/kg-i.p) treated groups for 14 days. Animals were further divided for the following two weeks into water and agmatine (100 mg/Kg). Following the treatment of agmatine for an hour, all behaviors were recorded. Brain homogenates were used for biochemical estimations.
Results: Agmatine-treated animals significantly increased (P < 0.01) their entry and time spent in the light box and open arms of the light/dark transition box and elevated plus maze tests, respectively. While agmatine treatment also increased (P < 0.01) the total number of squares crossed in the open field test. Agmatine also reduced (P < 0.01) the levels of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde whereas the antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase), as well as antioxidant (glutathione) levels were significantly elevated (P < 0.01) in the animals treated with agmatine as compared with controls.
Conclusion: The present study revealed that agmatine has substantial effects on oxidative and antioxidant enzyme levels in sodium azide-induced oxidative stress. While agmatine-treated rats determined decreased reactive oxygen species levels and improvement in behavioral impairments resulting from sodium azide administration.
Imaging low-energy positron beams in real-time with unprecedented resolution
Authors: Guatieri Francesco , Berghold Michael , Burwitz Vassily , Mathes Lucian , Hugenschmidt Christoph 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Particle beams focused to micrometer-sized spots play a crucial role in forefront research using low-energy positrons. Their expedient and wide application, however, requires highly-resolved, fast beam diagnostics. We have developed two different methods to modify a commercial imaging sensor to make it sensitive to low-energy positrons. The first method consists in removing the micro-lens array and Bayer filter from the sensor surface and depositing a phosphor layer in their place. This procedure results in a detector capable of imaging positron beams with energies down to a few tens of eV, or an intensity as low as 35 e+ /s/mm2 when the beam energy exceeds 10 keV. The second approach omits the phosphor deposition; with the resulting device we succeeded in detecting single positrons with energies upwards of 6 keV and efficiency up to 93%. The achieved spatial resolution of 0.97 μm is unprecedented for real-time positron detectors.
Radioactivity concentration and risk indices in intertidal sediments of the Red River Delta, Vietnam
Authors: Bui Van Vuong , Phan Son Hai , Nguyen Van Chien , Tran Duc Thanh , Nguyen Dac Ve , Duong Thanh Nghi , Le Nhu Sieu , Nguyen Thi Mai Luu , Hoang Thi Chien , Nguyen Thi Hue , Dang Hoai Nhon 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

The radioactivity concentration in eleven intertidal sediment cores in the Red River Delta was determined 40K, 232Th, and 226Ra as well as radiological hazard indices for environmental risk assessment. The radioactivity concentrations of 40K, 232Th, and 226Ra were 656 Bq/kg, 49.8 Bq/kg, and 37.0 Bq/kg, respectively. The radium equivalent activity (Raeq) was 158.7 Bq/kg; the absorbed dose rate (ADR) was 74.5 nGy/h; the annual effective dose equivalent (AEDE) was 0.09 mSv/y; the representative gamma index (Iγr) was 1.18; the activity utilization index (AUI) was 1.0; the external hazard index (Hex) was 0.40; the annual gonadal dose equivalent (AGDE) was 496.4 µSv/y. Two sediment groups were split. Group 1 with lower the radioactivity concentrations than Group 2, 40K and 232Th were above the global average while 226Ra was below, Iγr and AGDE were above UNSCEAR’s recommended levels. Group 2 radioactivity concentrations of 40K, 226Ra, and 232Th were higher than global average; radiological hazard indices were higher than Group 1; the AUI, Iγr, and AGDE indices were above UNSCEAR’s recommended level. The radioactivity concentrations of 40K, 232Th, and 226Ra were above global average. The AUI, Iγr and AGDE indices were above UNSCEAR’s recommended levels. It is recommended that coastal sediments should not be used for construction purposes as this can affect organisms in intertidal areas.
Annealing-free fabrication of high-quality indium tin oxide films for free-carrier-based hybrid metal-semiconductor nanophotonics
Authors: Korneluk Alexander , Szymczak Julia , Stefaniuk Tomasz 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Recent discoveries have revealed that indium tin oxide (ITO), due to the presence of an epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) point and suitable carrier concentration and mobility, can be used to modulate the refractive index, confine fields in the nanoscale, enhance nonlinear effects, achieve ultrafast light switching or to construct so-called time-varying media. While this potential positions ITO as a key material for future nanophotonic devices, producing ITO films with precisely engineered properties remains a significant challenge. Especially when the device's complex geometry or incorporated materials require the fabrication process to be conducted at substrate temperatures below 100°C and without any post-annealing treatment. Here we present a comprehensive study on the low-temperature deposition of 70 nm thick ITO films using an e-beam PVD system. The nanolayers evaporated under different conditions were characterized by SEM and AFM microscopy, Hall effect measurement system as well as spectroscopic ellipsometry. We discuss the factors influencing the optical, electrical, and morphological properties of ITO films. We show that smooth nanolayers of similar quality to annealed samples can be obtained at 80°C by controlling the oxygen plasma parameters, and the ENZ wavelength can be tuned throughout the NIR spectral range. Finally, we show that using the proposed methodology, we fabricated ITO films with resistivity as low as 5.2x10-4 Ωcm, smooth surface with RMS < 1 nm, high carrier concentration reaching 1.2x1021 cm-3 and high transmittance (85%) in the VIS/NIR spectrum.
APDDD: animal parasitic diseases and drugs database
Authors: zhang yilei , Chen Guojun , Zhou Siyi , He Lingru , Opeyemi Ayanniyi Olalekan , Xu Qianming , Yue Zhenyu , Yang Congshan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Animal parasitic diseases not only have an economic impact, but also have serious social and public health impacts. Although antiparasitic drugs can treat these diseases, it seems difficult for users to comprehensively utilize the information, due to incomplete and difficult data collection. Thus, there is urgent need to establish a comprehensive database, that includes parasitic diseases and related drugs. In this paper, we develop a knowledge database dedicated to collecting and analyzing animal parasitic diseases and related drugs, named Animal Parasitic Diseases and Drugs Database (APDDD). The current version of APDDD includes animal parasitic diseases data of 8 major parasite classifications that cause common parasitic diseases and 96 subclass samples mined from many literature and authoritative books, as well as 182 antiparasitic drugs. Furthermore, we utilized APDDD data to add a knowledge graph representing the relationships between parasitic diseases, drugs, and the targeted gene of drugs acting on parasites. We hope that APDDD will become a good database for animal parasitic diseases and antiparasitic drugs research and that users can gain a more intuitive understanding of the relationships between parasitic diseases, drugs, and targeted genes through the knowledge graph.
Genomic Alterations in Oral Multiple Primary Cancers
Authors: Li Tiejun , Zhou Xuan , Cai Xinjia , Jing Fengyang , Li Xuefen , Zhang Jianyun , Zhang He-yu 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the predominant type of oral cancer, while some patients may develop oral multiple primary cancers (MPCs) with unclear etiology. This study aimed to investigate the clinicopathological characteristics and genomic alterations of oral MPCs. Clinicopathological data from patients with oral single primary carcinoma (SPC, n=202) and oral MPCs (n=34) were collected and compared. Copy number alteration（CNA）analysis was conducted to identify chromosomal-instability differences among oral MPCs, recurrent OSCC cases, and OSCC patients with lymph node metastasis. Whole-exome sequencing was employed to identify potential unique gene mutations in oral MPCs patients. Additionally, CNA and phylogenetic tree analyses were used to gain preliminary insights into the molecular characteristics of different primary tumors within individual patients. Our findings revealed that, in contrast to oral SPC, females predominated the oral MPCs (70.59%), while smoking and alcohol use were not frequent in MPCs. Moreover, long-term survival outcomes were poorer in oral MPCs. From a CNA perspective, no significant differences were observed between oral MPCs patients and those with recurrence and lymph node metastasis. In addition to commonly mutated genes such as CASP8, TP53 and MUC16, in oral MPCs we also detected relatively rare mutations, such as HS3ST6 and RFP14A. Furthermore, this study also demonstrated that most MPCs patients exhibited similarities in certain genomic regions within individuals, and distinct differences of the similarity degree were observed between synchronous and metachronous oral MPCs.
Quantifying the Potential of Argon Detection Capabilities for Nuclear Explosion Monitoring
Authors: Adhikari Pranshu , Gordon Emily M. , Shah Khiloni A. , Eslinger Paul W. , Miley Harry S. , Bowyer Theodore W. , Haas Derek A. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Current noble gas detection systems for nuclear explosion monitoring are based on the detection of four radioxenon isotopes – Xe-131m, -133, -133m and − 135. The data provided by radioxenon detection could be enhanced by other radionuclide signatures such as Ar-37. Activation of Ca-40 in rock by neutrons produces Ar-37, and monitoring for this additional nuclide could help distinguish detections of nuclear explosions from background sources, such as medical isotope production. This work studies the capabilities of a hypothetical argon detection network. A 10 kt explosion was modeled using MCNP and SCALE to determine the inventory of Ar-37 created in a representative granite rock layer, assuming either 0.1, 1, or 10% of the total inventory was released. The Ar-37 inventory was combined with atmospheric transport data from HYSPLIT compiled in a previous study, along with the detection limits of standard Ar-37 detection systems, to determine how many hypothetical monitoring stations would detect Ar-37 from an explosion. This method was repeated for 365 HYSPLIT data sets to create a year’s worth of hypothetical explosions, releases, and detections. The study quantified the average number of detections per release, the number of stations detecting Ar-37, and the possibility of detecting Ar-37 in coincidence with xenon.
Relationship between proximal femoral morphology and bone mineral density around the stem and the effects of osteoporosis treatment in patients with femoral neck fracture: a multicentre prospective cohort study
Authors: Oe Keisuke , Hayashi Shinya , Fukui Tomoaki , Sawauchi Kenichi , Kumabe Yohei , Niikura Takahiro , Sakai Yoshitada , Matsumoto Tomoyuki , Hoshino Yuichi , Matsushita Takehiko , Takahara Shunsuke , Tsunoda Masaya , Iwakura Takashi , Sakurai Atsushi , Shibahara Katsunori , Shoda Etsuo , Ito Kenjiro , Ueda Yasuhiro , Kawakita Kohei , Ozaki Takuma , Fukazawa Takahiro , Sasaki Yu , Kuroda Ryosuke 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to classify older patients with femoral neck fractures who underwent hemiarthroplasty using a full hydroxyapatite-collared compaction short stem to evaluate the change in bone mineral density (BMD) around the stem.
Methods
This multicentre, prospective study included 96 older patients with femoral neck fractures registered for surgery from November of 2018 to October of 2020, who were followed up for 1 year after surgery. The patients were classified into three types according to Dorr classification. The BMD around the stem of each patient was determined based on seven Gruen zones using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Clinical scores were measured concurrently. Further, we compared the BMD change rate around the stem in terms of Dorr classification and clinical scores, and investigated the relationship between osteoporosis treatment intervention and the BMD change rate.
Results
After excluding patients with missing data, 40 patients were included in the analysis. The BMD change rate in zone 2 was significantly different between Dorr types B and C. Clinical scores did not significantly differ between the three groups. Regarding the relationship between osteoporosis treatment and BMD change rate, the pre-injury intervention group had significantly suppressed BMD change rate decline compared with the post-injury intervention and no-intervention groups in zones 1 and 7.
Conclusion
Careful follow-up examination is critical when performing hemiarthroplasty in patients with femoral neck fractures of Dorr type C because the BMD change rate may decline postoperatively. Pre-injury osteoporosis intervention therapy may suppress BMD loss around the stem.
The association of TNF-alpha secretion and mtDNA copy number in CD14+ monocytes of patients with obesity and CHD
Authors: Tolstik Taisiya V. , Kirichenko Tatiana V. , Markin Alexander M. , Bogatyreva Anastasia I. , Markina Yuliya V. , Kiseleva Diana G. , Shaposhnikova Nataliya N. , Starodubova Antonina V. , Orekhov Alexander N. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Monocytes are key cells in the pathogenesis of inflammation. They migrate from the blood to the tissues where the inflammatory process occurs and differentiate into activated macrophages, which play an important role at all stages of the development of chronic inflammation. Mitochondrial dysfunction may be one of the causes of inflammatory activation of monocytes and macrophages, which leads to a violation of the inflammatory response, excessive secretion of inflammatory mediators and the development of chronic inflammation. Among inflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is key in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and obesity. The aim of this study was to assess the inflammatory status of circulating monocytes in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and obesity. In particular, the study was aimed at studying the secretion profile of inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the primary culture of monocytes/macrophages, as well as to analyze the relationship between this profile and the number of copies of mitochondrial DNA in the blood of patients with coronary heart disease and obesity.
Estimating deer density from the number of pellet groups per individual: strip transect vs line transect
Authors: Bicho Cláudio , Alpizar-Jara Russell , Santos Pedro 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Red and fallow deer have become overabundant species in some areas of the Iberian Peninsula, namely in enclosures located in agro-silvo-pastoral systems called “montado” in Portugal and “dehesa” in Spain. Reliable methods to estimate deer density in such conditions are required for proper population management. Inconsistent conclusions regarding the best method to estimate deer abundance from pellet group counts show the need for additional information. In this study, instead of the defecation rate and the pellet groups’ mean time of decay, we use the number of pellet groups per individual (Pgi) to improve the precision and cost-effectiveness of the faecal standing crop approach to estimate deer density. We conducted fieldwork in two fenced areas, which replicated the conditions found in large enclosures in “montado”/”dehesa”. These were small areas easy to monitor and where the number of deer was known. Two methods for estimating Pgi were compared: strip transect and line transect. Results show that the two methods in both study areas presented good and similar levels of precision. For evaluating the accuracy, line transect estimates were used as accepted values. The discrepancy between the line transect estimate and the strip transect estimate in one of the study areas revealed that systematic double counting occurred while executing the strip transect method. Although, bearing in mind the practical recommendations herein made to overcome this problem, strip transect, which is considerably less time-consuming than line transect, appears to be the method of choice to estimate Pgi and deer density in the studied conditions.
Cardiometabolic Index (CMI), Lipid Accumulation Products (LAP), Waist Triglyceride Index (WTI), and Acute Pancreatitis (AP) Risk: A Prospective Study conducted on Adults in North China
Authors: Sun Qiu , Du Liming , Ren Qingshuai , Chen Shuohua , Wu Shouling , Zhang Bing , Wang Bangmao 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objective: To investigate the correlation between anthropometric indexes [cardiometabolic index (CMI)，lipid accumulation products (LAP), waist triglyceride index (WTI), and body mass index (BMI)] and acute pancreatitis (AP) in a Chinese adult population.
Methodology: The present investigation consisted of a prospective group including 117,326 subjects who were enrolled in the Kailuan investigation. The individuals were categorized into quartiles based on their baseline levels of CMI, LAP, and WIT. BMI was categorized into three distinctive groups: normal weight group (BMI<24 kg/m2), overweight group (BMI 24–28 kg /m2), and obesity group (BMI≥28 kg/m2). The data were subjected to analysis in order to investigate the correlation between these anthropometric indexes and the incidence of AP. Cox regression models were employed to assess the relative risk of AP while accounting for known risk factors through appropriate adjustments.
Outcomes: Over the course of a median follow-up duration of 12.59+0.98 years, we documented 401 incident AP cases. Incidence density and cumulative incidence rates of AP increased with the increase of CMI, LAP, and WTI. After multivariate adjustment, the fourth quartile of CMI, LAP, and WTI exhibited the greatest risk of AP [CMI: hazard ratio (HR)
1.93, 95% confidential interval (CI) (1.45–2.57); LAP: HR 2.00, 95% CI（1.49–2.68); WTI: HR 2.13,95% CI（1.59–2.83）]. In comparison to the normal weight group, the obesity group (BMI≥28 kg/m2) had an elevated risk of AP (HR=1.58, 95% CI: 1.21–2.05). Furthermore, the incremental effect of BMI combined with CMI on the prognostic value of AP was greater than that of BMI alone (the C statistics demonstrated a result of 0.607 versus 0.546; the integrated discrimination improvement revealed a result of 0.321%; net reclassification improvement was 1.975%).
Conclusion: We found that CMI, LAP, and WTI were positively and independently connected to the risk of AP. Additionally, CMI demonstrates a superior prognostic capacity than other indexes in anticipating AP.
Genetic diversity and genome wide population structure analysis of a grain amaranth (Amaranthus hypochondriacus) diversity panel using Genotyping by Sequencing
Authors: Pandey Dinesh , Chauhan Rashmi , Prabhakaran Sharat , Tiwari Apoorv , Joshi Dinesh , Chandora Rahul , Taj Gohar , Jahan Tarannum , Singh S. P. , Jaiswal J. P. , Kumar Anil 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Amaranth, a gluten-free pseudo-cereal, is grown, cultivated, and adapted in diverse ecological zones all over the world. In recent years, increased attention has been paid on its nutritional eminence, particularly in terms of its seed protein, which specifically contains high levels of the essential amino acids. This important food and nutritional security crop's gene pool, which is diverse, needs to be characterized and genotyped in order to broaden its genetic base and to boost production. Genotyping by sequencing data of diverse germplasm serve useful tool for identification of important candidate genes associated with important traits of plants. In the present study, genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) approach was used to characterize a genetically diverse collection of 192 Amaranth accessions. This resulted in an estimated 41,931 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) segregating across the entire collection and several thousand SNPs segregating within every accession. A model-based population structure analysis reveals the presence of three subpopulations among the Amaranth accessions, which are in parallel with the results of phylogenetic analysis. A total of 1796 gene ontology (GO) terms were assigned to SNP-carrying genes for three main categories: biological process, cellular component, and molecular function. High-throughput genotyping and sequencing data generated, will be very useful not only for breeders for further enhancement of Amaranth but also for molecular biologists for isolation and identification of nutritionally important genes from Amaranth, which can be used for biofortification programs.
Pleistocene climatic changes and topography drove genetic variation in southern Atlantic Forest treefrogs from Boana polytaenia complex species (Anura, Hylidae)
Authors: Nehemy Ibrahim Kamel Rodrigues , Camurugi Felipe , Santana Diego José 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Mountainous regions play a crucial role in shaping genetic differentiation among organisms. Climate change and topographical complexity are considered as the most important processes influencing the diversification of these areas. We used two tree frog species, Boana polytaenia and Boana bandeirantes to access how such biogeographical factors shaped their evolutionary history in the highly biodiverse Brazilian mountain range Serra do Espinhaço, that comprises two main mountain chains (Serra do Mar and Serra da Mantiqueira). We investigate whether the patterns of genetic diversity and differentiation were related to Pleistocene climate shifts and/or climate dynamics through elevational gradients in the mountains. We used a multilocus dataset comprising mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences from both species. We assessed the genealogical relationships of lineages, population structure, changes in effective population sizes over time, time of divergence of lineages, climatic suitability through time with ecological niche modeling and whether niche of linegaes are more or less similar than expected. Both species exhibited well-structured lineages in each of the mountain chains, B. polytaenia for Serra da Mantiqueira and B. bandeirantes for Serra do Mar. Diversification primarily occurred during the Middle Pleistocene, with glacial periods influencing B. polytaenia and interglacial periods favoring B. bandeirantes. The combination of Pleistocene climate changes and mountain topography influenced spatial distribution, leading to genetic variation among B. polytaenia complex species.