bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Iterative Backpropagation Method for Efficient Gradient Estimation in Bilevel Network Equilibrium Optimization Problems
Authors: Patwary A.U.Z , Wang Shuling , Lo Hong K. 
Published: August 2023

Network optimization or network design with an embedded traffic assignment (TA) to model user equilibrium principle, sometimes expressed as bilevel problems or mathematical programs with equilibrium constraints (MPEC), is at the heart of transportation planning and operations. For applications to large-scale multimodal networks with high dimensional decision variables, the problem is nontrivial, to say the least. General-purpose algorithms and problem-specific bilevel formulations have been proposed in the past to solve small problems for demonstration purposes. Research gap, however, exists in developing efficient solution methods for large-scale problems in both static and dynamic contexts. This paper proposes an efficient gradient estimation method called Iterative Backpropagation (IB) for network optimization problems with an embedded static TA model. IB exploits the iterative structure of the TA solution procedure and simultaneously calculates the gradients while the TA process converges. IB does not require any additional function evaluation and consequently scales very well with higher dimensions. We apply the proposed approach to origin-destination (OD) estimation, an MPEC problem, of the Hong Kong multimodal network with 49,806 decision variables, 8,797 nodes, 18,207 links, 2,684 transit routes, and 165,509 OD pairs. The calibrated model performs well in matching the link counts. Specifically, the IB-gradient based optimization technique reduces the link volume squared error by 98%, mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) from 95.29% to 21.23%, and the average GEH statistics from 24.18 to 6.09 compared with the noncalibrated case. The framework, even though applied to OD estimation in this paper, is applicable to a wide variety of optimization problems with an embedded TA model, opening up an efficient way to solve large-scale MPEC or bilevel problems. Funding: The study is supported by IVADO Postdoctoral Fellowship scheme 2021, HSBC 150th Anniversary Charity Programme HKBF17RG01, National Science Foundation of China (71890970, 71890974), General Research Fund (16212819, 16207920) of the HKSAR Government, and the Hong Kong PhD Fellowship.
Enhancement of capsular hypermucoviscosity in Klebsiella pneumoniae by Acanthamoeba
Authors: Huang Jian-Ming , Sung Ko-Chiang , Lin Wei-Chen , Lai Hong-Yue , Wang Yu-Jen 
Published: August 2023

Background
Acanthamoeba and Klebsiella pneumoniae are both environmental commensals. Recently, clinical harm caused by hypermucoviscous K. pneumoniae has been observed. However, the interaction between these microbes and the origin of hypermucoviscous K. pneumoniae have not been reported

Methodology/Principal findings
Here, we report that the bacterial capsule is enlarged when co-cultured with Acanthamoeba using India ink staining, and this effect depends on the number of parasites present. This interaction results in an enhancement of capsular polysaccharide production in the subsequent generations of K. pneumoniae, even without co-culturing with Acanthamoeba. The hypermucoviscosity of the capsule was examined using the sedimentation assay and string test. We also screened other K. pneumoniae serotypes, including K1, K2, K5, and K20, for interaction with Acanthamoeba using India ink staining, and found the same interaction effect

Conclusions/Significance
These findings suggest that the interaction between Acanthamoeba and K. pneumoniae could lead to harmful consequences in public health and nosocomial disease control, particularly hypermucoviscous K. pneumoniae infections.
Regadenoson for the treatment of COVID-19: A five case clinical series and mouse studies
Authors: Rabin Joseph , Zhao Yunge , Mostafa Ezzat , Al-Suqi Manal , Fleischmann Emily , Conaway Mark R. , Mann Barbara J. , Chhabra Preeti , Brayman Kenneth L. , Krupnick Alexander , Linden Joel , Lau Christine L. 
Published: August 2023

Background
Adenosine inhibits the activation of most immune cells and platelets. Selective adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR) agonists such as regadenoson (RA) reduce inflammation in most tissues, including lungs injured by hypoxia, ischemia, transplantation, or sickle cell anemia, principally by suppressing the activation of invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells. The anti-inflammatory effects of RA are magnified in injured tissues due to induction in immune cells of A2ARs and ecto-enzymes CD39 and CD73 that convert ATP to adenosine in the extracellular space. Here we describe the results of a five patient study designed to evaluate RA safety and to seek evidence of reduced cytokine storm in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.

Methods and findings
Five COVID-19 patients requiring supplemental oxygen but not intubation (WHO stages 4–5) were infused IV with a loading RA dose of 5 μg/kg/h for 0.5 h followed by a maintenance dose of 1.44 μg/kg/h for 6 hours, Vital signs and arterial oxygen saturation were recorded, and blood samples were collected before, during and after RA infusion for analysis of CRP, D-dimer, circulating iNKT cell activation state and plasma levels of 13 proinflammatory cytokines. RA was devoid of serious side effects, and within 24 hours from the start of infusion was associated with increased oxygen saturation (93.8 ± 0.58 vs 96.6 ± 1.08%, P<0.05), decreased D-dimer (754 ± 17 vs 518 ± 98 ng/ml, P<0.05), and a trend toward decreased CRP (3.80 ± 1.40 vs 1.98 ± 0.74 mg/dL, P = 0.075). Circulating iNKT cells, but not conventional T cells, were highly activated in COVID-19 patients (65% vs 5% CD69+). RA infusion for 30 minutes reduced iNKT cell activation by 50% (P<0.01). RA infusion for 30 minutes did not influence plasma cytokines, but infusion for 4.5 or 24 hours reduced levels of 11 of 13 proinflammatory cytokines. In separate mouse studies, subcutaneous RA infusion from Alzet minipumps at 1.44 μg/kg/h increased 10-day survival of SARS-CoV-2-infected K18-hACE2 mice from 10 to 40% (P<0.001).

Conclusions
Infused RA is safe and produces rapid anti-inflammatory effects mediated by A2A adenosine receptors on iNKT cells and possibly in part by A2ARs on other immune cells and platelets. We speculate that iNKT cells are activated by release of injury-induced glycolipid antigens and/or alarmins such as IL-33 derived from virally infected type II epithelial cells which in turn activate iNKT cells and secondarily other immune cells. Adenosine released from hypoxic tissues, or RA infused as an anti-inflammatory agent decrease proinflammatory cytokines and may be useful for treating cytokine storm in patients with Covid-19 or other inflammatory lung diseases or trauma.
Effects of non-pharmacological interventions on patients with sarcopenic obesity: A meta-analysis
Authors: Xu Jiajia , Hu Qingqing , Li Jiaying , Zhou Yixi , Chu Ting 
Published: August 2023

Objective
Systematic evaluation of the improvement effect of non-pharmacological intervention on patients with sarcopenic obesity.

Methods
Wanfang, VIP, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), SinoMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Embase databases were searched systematically for randomized controlled trials (RCTS) and experimental studies of non-pharmacological interventions on patients with sarcopenic obesity. The retrieval period was from the establishment of the databases to October 31, 2022. Meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.4.

Results
A total of 18 studies involving 1,109 patients were included. Meta-analysis results showed that non-pharmacological interventions improved patients’ body weight [mean difference, MD = −2.74, 95% CI (−4.79, −0.70), P = 0.009], body fat percentage [MD = −0.67, 95% CI (−0.96, −0.38), P<0.00001], grip strength [MD = 1.29, 95% CI (0.81, 1.77), P<0.00001], gait speed [MD = 0.05, 95% CI (0.03, 0.07), P<0.00001], and knee extension strength [MD = 2.56, 95% CI (1.30, 3.82), P<0.0001].

Conclusions
Non-pharmacological interventions can effectively improve the clinical symptoms and signs of patients with sarcopenic obesity. Dissemination of this information will be therapeutically useful.

Trial registration
Registration. The PROSPERO No. is CRD42023403341.
Cohomogeneity one central Kähler metrics in dimension four
Authors: Jeffres Thalia , Maschler Gideon , Ream Robert 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
A Kähler metric is called central if the determinant of its Ricci endomorphism is constant; see [12]. For the case in which this constant is zero, we study on 4-manifolds the existence of complete metrics of this type which have cohomogeneity one for three unimodular 3-dimensional Lie groups: SU(2), the group E(2) of Euclidean plane motions, and a quotient by a discrete subgroup of the Heisenberg group nil3. We obtain a complete classification for SU(2), and some existence results for the other two groups, in terms of specific solutions of an associated ODE system.
Ein Rummelplatz für Entdeckungen. Mit Zukunftswerkstätten, Fokusgruppen und Moodboards erfindet sich die Zentralbibliothek Hannover neu
Authors: Becker Tom , Stünkel Michael , Fühles-Ubach Simone 
Published: August 2023

Zusammenfassung
Methodengestützt hat sich die Stadtbibliothek Hannover 2022 in einen partizipativen Prozess in mehreren Schritten begeben, der perspektivisch zu einem neuen Raumkonzept der Zentralbibliothek führen wird. Intern wurden mit einer Zukunftswerkstatt das Know-how und die Wünsche des Bibliotheksteams zusammengeführt. Kund*innenwünsche wurden in moderierten Fokusgruppen mit LegoSeriousPlay und Moodboards eruiert. Um beide Perspektiven zusammenzubringen und Vorschläge zu priorisieren, wurden aus der Ideenvielfalt die realisierbaren Optionen nach dem How-Now-Wow-Ciao-Verfahren ausgewählt. Auf diese Weise entstanden als erste Ergebnisse „12 Aktionen für 12 Monate“, die sich bereits seit Januar 2023 in der Umsetzung befinden.
CXCL12/CXCR4/CXCR7 axis in placenta tissues of patients with placenta previa
Authors: Wu Xia , Wang Ying , Li Min 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
CXCR4 and CXCR7 have been revealed to be receptors of CXCL12. This research was designed to probe the expression of chemokine CXCL12 and its receptors CXCR4 and CXCR7 in placental tissues of patients with placenta previa and the effect of CXCL12/CXCR4/CXCR7 axis on the biological functions of human trophoblast cells. CXCL12, CXCR4, and CXCR7 expression in placental tissue from patients with placenta previa and healthy puerperae was detected. CXCL12, CXCR4, and CXCR7 expression in human trophoblast cell lines (HTR8/SVneo cells) was assessed after suppression or overexpression of CXCL12, CXCR4, and CXCR7. The cell proliferative, invasive, and migratory capacities were also evaluated in HTR8/SVneo cells after suppression or overexpression of CXCL12, CXCR4, and CXCR7. CXCL12, CXCR4, and CXCR7 expression was elevated in placental tissues from patients with placenta previa. Downregulation of CXCL12, CXCR4, and CXCR7 could lead to decreased mRNA levels of CXCL12, CXCR4, and CXCR7 in HTR-8/SVneo cells, which was accompanied by diminished cell proliferative, migratory, and invasive capabilities. Overexpression of CXCL12, CXCR4, and CXCR7 genes presented an opposite tendency. CXCL12, CXCR4, and CXCR7 are highly expressed in placental tissues of patients with placenta previa and induce the biological activities of HTR8/SVneo cells.
Association between thyroid stimulating hormone levels and papillary thyroid cancer risk: A meta-analysis
Authors: Xu Bin , Gu Shu-Yan , Zhou Ning-Ming , Jiang Jun-Jie 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
High thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) levels may stimulate papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) cell proliferation; however, the relationship between TSH levels and PTC risk remains controversial. We aim to ascertain the association through a meta-analysis. Literature searches were conducted in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases. After literature screening, the methodological quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality methods. Cochran’s Q and I
2 tests were used to evaluate heterogeneity in the meta-analysis. Egger’s test was applied to assess publication bias. A total of 12 eligible studies were included in this meta-analysis; all were of moderate and high methodological quality. The pooled results suggested that increased TSH levels were significantly associated with PTC risk; however, the included studies were significantly heterogeneous. Stratification analysis indicated that the heterogeneity might be from the area or type of control. Although significant publication bias existed among the studies, the trim-and-fill method and sensitivity analysis revealed that the combined results were stable and robust. TSH levels are significantly associated with the PTC risk; however, more high-quality studies in large sample sizes are recommended to verify the extrapolation of these findings.
Research is for Hunters, Teaching for Farmers. Investigating Solutions to Lecturer-Related Problems of the Teaching–Research Mission of Swiss Universities of Applied Sciences
Authors: Baumann Sheron 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This study qualitatively investigates solutions to lecturer-related problems caused by the relatively recent introduction of a teaching–research mission at Swiss universities of applied sciences (UASs). It thereby makes an empirical contribution to the debate on organizational actors in higher education. The investigation is informed by a theoretical framework primarily drawn from the literature on organizational actorhood and relies on data from semi-structured interviews. Representing all public UASs in Switzerland, the sample consists of 19 directors and 1 head of institutes of business schools and engineering schools. The analysis identified five problem themes and numerous solutions. The findings suggest that after almost 30 years of their inception, UASs have been utilizing their decision-making leeway to a great extent at the central and decentral levels, and in some cases are still in the process of solving the problems caused by integrating teaching and research activities at the individual and institutional levels. While various solutions in terms of structure, culture, and resources have been developed and implemented, isomorphic tendencies can also be observed. The data suggest that the common key to solving many problems lies in the human resources and a post-Humboldtian configuration of research and teaching.
The IAB-SMART-Mobility Module: An Innovative Research Dataset with Mobility Indicators Based on Raw Geodata
Authors: Zimmermann Florian , Filser Andreas , Haas Georg-Christoph , Bähr Sebastian 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The ubiquity of smartphones has enabled the collection of novel data through their built-in sensors, including geolocation data which can be used to understand mobility behavior. In this project, we leveraged longitudinal geolocation data collected from participants in the 2018 German app study IAB-SMART to develop a set of mobility indicators, such as visited unique locations and traveled distance. The indicators can be linked to the Panel Study Labour Market and Social Security (PASS) survey and administrative employment histories. The resulting novel dataset offers a unique opportunity to study the relationship between mobility and labor market outcomes. This article provides an overview of the study, outlines the data preparation process, and the socio-demographic characteristics of the 398 participants of the IAB-SMART-Mobility module. We present the mobility indicators generated from the geolocation data and provide guidance for accessing the Institute for Employment Research’s (IAB) data.
Non-destructive detection for mosaic ceramic surface defects based on convolutional neural networks
Authors: Dong Guanping , Sun Shanwei , Kong Xiangyu , Wu Nanshou , Zhang Hong , Chen Xiangyang , Feng Hao , Huang Pingnan , Wang Zixi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Mosaic ceramic art pattern with noble, elegant features, it is a unique form of art creation in ancient Greece and the ancient Rome period has been loved by artists and created a lot of classic large-scale exterior mosaic ceramic art works. Small size square mosaic ceramic as the basic raw material for the creation of large exterior mosaic art, it directly affects the quality of the work created by the artist, so these ceramic mosaic ceramic materials need to undergo rigorous inspection to meet the needs of the artist’s high-quality art creation. However, small size multi-color square mosaic ceramics are different from ordinary large target ceramics, they have the characteristics of small size and easy reflection, currently mainly using manual inspection, the existing automatic inspection methods have the problem of low efficiency and accuracy, cannot meet the needs of artists for the quantity and quality of mosaic ceramics. To solve these problems, this paper proposes a new convolutional network-based fast nondestructive testing method for detecting square mosaic tiles. The detection method is based on the convolutional neural network YOLOv5s model, and by introducing the AF-FPN module and the data enhancement module, the method further improves the recognition performance of the model relative to the original YOLOv5s model and achieves the fast detection of surface defects on square mosaic ceramics. The experimental results show that the detection method for small size multicolor square mosaic ceramic tile surface minor defects detection rate of up to 94 % or more, a single square mosaic ceramic detection time of 0.41 s. The method takes into account the detection accuracy and speed, can be fast and accurate screening of high-quality, defect-free small size multicolor square mosaic ceramic, to meet the artist’s requirements for high-quality mosaic ceramic raw materials Quality and quantity requirements, to ensure the quality of the creation of mosaic art patterns, to better show the charm of the mosaic art patterns role. At the same time, the method can not only be applied to the detection of mosaic ceramics, the method can also be applied to have a similar small volume, easy to reflect the characteristics of small target object defect detection.
Microstructure and properties of argon arc cladded CoCr
x
FeMoNiAl high entropy alloy coatings on Q235 steel
Authors: Wang Xiaowei , Huang Bensheng , Tang Jingli , Li Tianning , Huang Siyu 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In this paper, the CoFeMoNiAlCr
x
coatings with different chromium content (x = 0, 0.3, 0.6, 0.9 and 1.2) were prepared by argon arc cladding technology on Q235 steel. The microstructure and phases of the coatings were analyzed by OM, SEM, EDS and XRD. The hardness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the coatings were tested by microhardness tester, friction and wear tester and electrochemical workstation. The results show that the highest hardness is obtained in the CoFeMoNiAlCr
x=0 high entropy alloy coatings, about 500 HV, which is about 3 times than the hardness of Q235 steel (the substrate). With the chromium content of the CoFeMoNiAlCr
x
coatings increasing, the wear resistance increases first, and then decreases. When the chromium content is 0.9, the wear resistance of the coating is the highest with the wear loss about 2.6 mg and the friction coefficient about 0.52. The corrosion resistance of the coatings decreases with a small amount of chromium addition. When the Cr content in the coating is close to the atomic ratio, the content of the body-centered cubic phase structure increases, and the face-centered cubic phase structure appears in the coating.
Microstructural and numerical variation of friction spot welded AA7075 couples
Authors: Sarsilmaz Furkan , Gürocak Çelik Büşra 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Friction stir spot welding (FSSW), which is one of the joining methods, is an interesting solid state joining process. In this experimental study, the joining of AA7075, which is the one of the Al-based alloys, with the FSSW method was conducted. Firstly, the microstructural inspections were performed by helping an optical microscope. Second, a numerical simulation study was performed using SolidWorks and ANSYS software. Therefore, these data were evaluated with modeling for understanding the events in zone of FSSW center. Thus, it could be contributed to understand the complex thermo-mechanical joining process period. The present simulation primarily aims to explain the effect of a set of process such as parameters and tool geometry on the workpiece couples. Johnson–Cook damage criteria model was selected to obtain the stress distribution on the workpiece couples consisting of AA7075. The model also showed that temperature and stress did not exhibit much appreciable change on flow with the change of the tip profile. As a result, it was found that tool rotation speed and tool plunge depth are highly effective on both microstructure and numerical modeling properties, apart from the tool geometry, which is one of the welding parameters.
Immune senescence in aged APP/PS1 mice
Authors: Abdelmoaty Mai M. , Yeapuri Pravin , Machhi Jatin , Lu Yaman , Namminga Krista L. , Kadry Rana , Lu Eugene , Bhattarai Shaurav , Mosley Rodney Lee , Gendelman Howard E. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Objectives
To evaluate the linkage between age and deficits in innate and adaptive immunity which heralds both Alzheimer’s disease (AD) onset and progression. The pathobiological events which underlie and tie these outcomes remain not fully understood.

Methods
To investigate age-dependent immunity in AD, we evaluated innate and adaptive immunity in coordinate studies of regulatory T cell (Treg) function, T cell frequencies, and microglial integrity. These were assessed in blood, peripheral lymphoid tissues, and the hippocampus of transgenic (Tg) amyloid precursor protein/presenilin 1 (APP/PS1) against non-Tg mice. Additionally, immune arrays of hippocampal tissue were performed at 4, 6, 12, and 20 months of age.

Results
APP/PS1 mice showed progressive impairment of Treg immunosuppressive function with age. There was partial restoration of Treg function in 20-month-old mice. Ingenuity pathway analyses of hippocampal tissues were enriched in inflammatory, oxidative, and cellular activation pathways that paralleled advancing age and AD-pathobiology. Operative genes in those pathways included, but were not limited to triggering receptor on myeloid cells 1 (TREM1), T helper type 1 (Th1), and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) signaling pathways. Interleukin-17 (IL-17), nitric oxide, acute phase, and T cell receptor signaling pathways were also perturbed. Significant inflammation was observed at 6- and 12-months. However, at 20-months, age associated partial restoration of Treg function reduced inflammatory phenotype.

Conclusions
Impaired Treg function, inflammation and oxidative stress were associated with AD pathology. Age associated partial restoration of Treg function in old mice reduced the hippocampal inflammatory phenotype. Restoring Treg suppressive function can be a therapeutic modality for AD.
Pottery as a witness of commercialization: The case of 9th-century ‘Great Moravia’
Authors: Hlavica Michal , Slavíček Karel , Valášková Lucie , Petřík Jan , Všianský Dalibor 
Published: August 2023

Zusammenfassung
Der vorliegende Artikel präsentiert eine archäologische Methode zum Nachweis marktwirtschaftlichen Austausches anhand von Keramik, die hier als typische Handelsware definiert ist. Ein Keramikkomplex aus dem großmährischen (9. Jh.) Zentralort Staré Město bei Uherské Hradiště wurde archäometrisch (XRF, Petrographie, XRD) untersucht. Das Ergebnis zeigt ein komplexes Handelsnetz zwischen dem Zentrum und Teilen des Hinterlandes. Weiterhin bestätigen die Ergebnisse die These einer Einbindung des Zentrums in ein regionales Marktsystem und helfen, die Kommerzialisierungsprozesse der lokalen frühmittelalterlichen Wirtschaft zu verstehen.