bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Myeloid MyD88 restricts CD8+ T cell response to radiation therapy in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Medler Terry R. , Blair Tiffany C. , Alice Alejandro F. , Dowdell Alexa K. , Piening Brian D. , Crittenden Marka R. , Gough Michael J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractRadiation therapy induces immunogenic cell death in cancer cells, whereby released endogenous adjuvants are sensed by immune cells to direct adaptive immune responses. TLRs expressed on several immune subtypes recognize innate adjuvants to direct downstream inflammatory responses in part via the adapter protein MyD88. We generated Myd88 conditional knockout mice to interrogate its contribution to the immune response to radiation therapy in distinct immune populations in pancreatic cancer. Surprisingly, Myd88 deletion in Itgax (CD11c)-expressing dendritic cells had little discernable effects on response to RT in pancreatic cancer and elicited normal T cell responses using a prime/boost vaccination strategy. Myd88 deletion in Lck-expressing T cells resulted in similar or worsened responses to radiation therapy compared to wild-type mice and lacked antigen-specific CD8+ T cell responses from vaccination, similar to observations in Myd88−/− mice. Lyz2-specific loss of Myd88 in myeloid populations rendered tumors more susceptible to radiation therapy and elicited normal CD8+ T cell responses to vaccination. scRNAseq in Lyz2-Cre/Myd88fl/fl mice revealed gene signatures in macrophages and monocytes indicative of enhanced type I and II interferon responses, and improved responses to RT were dependent on CD8+ T cells and IFNAR1. Together, these data implicate MyD88 signaling in myeloid cells as a critical source of immunosuppression that hinders adaptive immune tumor control following radiation therapy.
Circulating miRNA expression in long-standing type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Morales-Sánchez Paula , Lambert Carmen , Ares-Blanco Jessica , Suárez-Gutiérrez Lorena , Villa-Fernández Elsa , Garcia Ana Victoria , García-Villarino Miguel , Tejedor Juan Ramón , Fraga Mario F. , Torre Edelmiro Menéndez , Pujante Pedro , Delgado Elías 
Published: May 2023

AbstractType 1 diabetes is a chronic autoimmune disease which results in inefficient regulation of glucose homeostasis and can lead to different vascular comorbidities through life. In this study we aimed to analyse the circulating miRNA expression profile of patients with type 1 diabetes, and with no other associated pathology. For this, fasting plasma was obtained from 85 subjects. Next generation sequencing analysis was firstly performed to identify miRNAs that were differentially expressed between groups (20 patients vs. 10 controls). hsa-miR-1-3p, hsa-miR-200b-3p, hsa-miR-9-5p, and hsa-miR-1200 expression was also measured by Taqman RT-PCR to validate the observed changes (34 patients vs. 21 controls). Finally, through a bioinformatic approach, the main pathways affected by the target genes of these miRNAs were studied. Among the studied miRNAs, hsa-miR-1-3p expression was found significantly increased in patients with type 1 diabetes compared to controls, and positively correlated with glycated haemoglobin levels. Additionally, by using a bioinformatic approach, we could observe that changes in hsa-miR-1-3p directly affect genes involved in vascular development and cardiovascular pathologies. Our results suggest that, circulating hsa-miR-1-3p in plasma, together with glycaemic control, could be used as prognostic biomarkers in type 1 diabetes, helping to prevent the development of vascular complications in these patients.
Perfusion parameters of triphasic computed tomography hold preoperative prediction value for microvascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Li , Pang Guodong , Zhang Jing , Yuan Zhenguo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to evaluate perfusion parameters of triphasic computed tomography (CT) scans in predicting microvascular invasion (MVI) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). All patients were pathologically diagnosed as HCC and underwent triple-phase enhanced CT imaging, which was used to calculate the blood perfusion parameters of hepatic arterial supply perfusion (HAP), portal vein blood supply perfusion (PVP), hepatic artery perfusion Index (HPI), and arterial enhancement fraction (AEF). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the performance. The mean values of PVP(Min), AEF(Min), the difference in PVP, HPI and AEF related parameters, the relative PVP(Min) and AEF(Min) in MVI negative group were significantly higher than those in MVI positive group, while for the difference in HPI(Max), the relative HPI(Max) and AEF(Max), the value of MVI positive group significantly higher than that of negative group. The combination of PVP, HPI and AEF had the highest diagnostic efficacy. The two parameters related to HPI had the highest sensitivity, while the combination of PVP related parameters had higher specificity. A combination of perfusion parameters in patients with HCC derived from traditional triphasic CT scans can be used as a preoperative biomarker for predicting MVI.
Increased wintertime European atmospheric blocking frequencies in General Circulation Models with an eddy-permitting ocean
Authors: Michel Simon L. L. , von der Heydt Anna S. , van Westen René M. , Baatsen Michiel L. J. , Dijkstra Henk A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMidlatitude atmospheric blocking events are important drivers of long-lasting extreme weather conditions at regional to continental scales. However, modern climate models consistently underestimate their frequency of occurrence compared to observations, casting doubt on future projections of climate extremes. Using the prominent and largely underestimated winter blocking events in Europe as a test case, this study first introduces a spatio-temporal approach to study blocking activity based on a clustering technique, allowing to assess models’ ability to simulate both realistic frequencies and locations of blocking events. A sensitivity analysis from an ensemble of 49 simulations from 24 coupled climate models shows that the presence of a mesoscale eddy-permitting ocean model increases the realism of simulated blocking events for almost all types of patterns clustered from observations. This finding is further explained and supported by concomitant reductions in well-documented biases in Gulf Stream and North Atlantic Current positions, as well as in the midlatitude jet stream variability.
Influence of monsoon low pressure systems on South Asian disasters and implications for disaster prediction
Authors: Suhas D. L. , Ramesh Nandini , Kripa Ram M. , Boos William R. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTransient atmospheric vortices called monsoon low pressure systems (LPS) generate a large fraction of total rainfall over South Asia and often produce extreme precipitation. Here, we assess the influence of these storms on the occurrence of disasters, using information from the Emergency Events Database (EM-DAT) that we geocoded and then associated with LPS tracks. We show that more than half of hydro-meteorological disasters over South Asia during summer are associated with these LPS events. Weaker LPS (which are called monsoon lows) occur more frequently than stronger LPS (called monsoon depressions), but the stronger LPS produce a larger number of disasters. Furthermore, although many prior studies have shown that the peak rainfall in LPS falls southwest of the vortex centre, the disasters are concentrated on the northern edge of the LPS tracks, along the Himalayas and upper basins of the Ganga and Brahmaputra rivers. Observations show a sharp peak in rainfall on the day of disasters, confirming the physical link between LPS and these hydro-meteorological disasters. A similar peak in rainfall is found in weather forecasts made up to five days before the disaster, suggesting that short-term precipitation forecasts can be useful in disaster preparation.
Generating synthetic mixed-type longitudinal electronic health records for artificial intelligent applications
Authors: Li Jin , Cairns Benjamin J. , Li Jingsong , Zhu Tingting 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe recent availability of electronic health records (EHRs) have provided enormous opportunities to develop artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms. However, patient privacy has become a major concern that limits data sharing across hospital settings and subsequently hinders the advances in AI. Synthetic data, which benefits from the development and proliferation of generative models, has served as a promising substitute for real patient EHR data. However, the current generative models are limited as they only generate singletype of clinical data for a synthetic patient, i.e., either continuous-valued or discrete-valued. To mimic the nature of clinical decision-making which encompasses various data types/sources, in this study, we propose a generative adversarial network (GAN) entitled EHR-M-GAN that simultaneously synthesizes mixed-type timeseries EHR data. EHR-M-GAN is capable of capturing the multidimensional, heterogeneous, and correlated temporal dynamics in patient trajectories. We have validated EHR-M-GAN on three publicly-available intensive care unit databases with records from a total of 141,488 unique patients, and performed privacy risk evaluation of the proposed model. EHR-M-GAN has demonstrated its superiority over state-of-the-art benchmarks for synthesizing clinical timeseries with high fidelity, while addressing the limitations regarding data types and dimensionality in the current generative models. Notably, prediction models for outcomes of intensive care performed significantly better when training data was augmented with the addition of EHR-M-GAN-generated timeseries. EHR-M-GAN may have use in developing AI algorithms in resource-limited settings, lowering the barrier for data acquisition while preserving patient privacy.
JAZF1 safeguards human endometrial stromal cells survival and decidualization by repressing the transcription of G0S2
Authors: Liang Yingyu , Lai Siying , Huang Lijun , Li Yulian , Zeng Shanshan , Zhang Shuang , Chen Jingsi , Deng Wenbo , Liu Yu , Liang Jingying , Xu Pei , Liu Mingxing , Xiong Zhongtang , Chen Dunjin , Tu Zhaowei , Du Lili 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDecidualization of human endometrial stromal cells (hESCs) is essential for the maintenance of pregnancy, which depends on the fine-tuned regulation of hESCs survival, and its perturbation contributes to pregnancy loss. However, the underlying mechanisms responsible for functional deficits in decidua from recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) patients have not been elucidated. Here, we observed that JAZF1 was significantly downregulated in stromal cells from RSA decidua. JAZF1 depletion in hESCs resulted in defective decidualization and cell death through apoptosis. Further experiments uncovered G0S2 as a important driver of hESCs apoptosis and decidualization, whose transcription was repressed by JAZF1 via interaction with G0S2 activator Purβ. Moreover, the pattern of low JAZF1, high G0S2 and excessive apoptosis in decidua were consistently observed in RSA patients. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that JAZF1 governs hESCs survival and decidualization by repressing G0S2 transcription via restricting the activity of Purβ, and highlight the clinical implications of these mechanisms in the pathology of RSA.
Experimental observation of chimera states in spiking neural networks based on degenerate optical parametric oscillators
Authors: Makinwa Tumi , Inaba Kensuke , Inagaki Takahiro , Yamada Yasuhiro , Leleu Timothée , Honjo Toshimori , Ikuta Takuya , Enbutsu Koji , Umeki Takeshi , Kasahara Ryoichi , Aihara Kazuyuki , Takesue Hiroki 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe phenomenon of partial synchronization has attracted significant interest in the field of nonlinear dynamics, largely due to observations of related phenomena in real-world situations. In particular, the coexistence of synchronized and desynchronized phases, known as a chimera state, has been the subject of intense study. In this work, we experimentally demonstrate that networks of identical photonic spiking neurons based on coupled degenerate optical parametric oscillators can exhibit various chimera states in which, depending on their local synchronization and desynchronization, different kinds of spiking dynamics can develop in a self-organized manner. Even when only a static interaction is implemented, the spiking mode of photonic neurons can be spontaneously and adaptively changed between the Class-I and Class-II modes classified by A. L. Hodgkin. This spontaneous spiking-mode shift induces a significant change in the spiking frequency despite all neurons having the same natural spiking frequency, which encourages the generation of chimera states.
Additive manufacturing of a high-performance aluminum alloy from cold mechanically derived non-spherical powder
Authors: Martin J. Hunter , Barnes John E. , Rogers Kirk A. , Hundley Jacob , LaPlant Darby L. , Ghanbari Siavash , Tsai Jung-Ting , Bahr David F. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMetal additive manufacturing provides a path to optimized component design with significant realized advantages in the medical and aerospace industries. Limitations to expansion to other industries, e.g. automotive, and to enabling supply chain relief is the limited number of materials available and the ability to produce material on demand. Current additive manufacturing powder feedstock is produced at large, remote atomization facilities with long lead times. Here we identify a new “on-demand” powder production technology, cold mechanically derived, able to produce non-spherical powder for additive manufacturing, with high efficiency, and wrought equivalent material properties. We analyze the powder flow characteristics and mechanical properties comparing typical gas atomized with the new process demonstrating wrought property equivalence despite power sourcing. This research will enable expansion of additional alloy systems as well as encourage the processing of non-spherical powders to expand the available supply base of new alloys for additive manufacturing.
Turning waste into wealth: Person identification by emotion‐disturbed electrocardiogram
Authors: Li Wei , Fang Cheng , Zhu Zhihao , Chen Chuyi , Song Aiguo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe issue of electrocardiogram (ECG)‐based person identification has attracted intense research interests nowadays. Different than existing related researches that advocate accentuating useful information and attenuating noisy artefacts in sensor data processing, A novel strategy of ‘turning waste into wealth’ is proposed to exploit the new discriminative information from the relationship between noise disturbance and signal data for this issue. Specifically, the authors design a new and simple method, the Set‐Group Distance Measure, based on the suitable fusion of multiple minority‐based distance measurements, whose power has initially been discovered for the issue. This method takes advantage of the collaborative variation information from the relative relationship, which is named as ‘relative information’, between different types of emotional noise disturbances and ECG signal data, to tackle the problem of large intra‐class variation but small inter‐class difference during identification. Experimental results have demonstrated the reasonability, effectiveness, robustness, efficiency and practicability of the proposed method upon public benchmark databases. This proposal not only provides technological inspirations for the further study in ECG‐based person identification, but also shows a fresh feasible way to handle the noise‐signal relationship for more general topics of sensor data classification.
3D reconstruction and defect pattern recognition of bonding wire based on stereo vision
Authors: Yu Naigong , Li Hongzheng , Xu Qiao , Sie Ouattara , Firdaous Essaf 
Published: May 2023

AbstractNon‐destructive detection of wire bonding defects in integrated circuits (IC) is critical for ensuring product quality after packaging. Image‐processing‐based methods do not provide a detailed evaluation of the three‐dimensional defects of the bonding wire. Therefore, a method of 3D reconstruction and pattern recognition of wire defects based on stereo vision, which can achieve non‐destructive detection of bonding wire defects is proposed. The contour features of bonding wires and other electronic components in the depth image is analysed to complete the 3D reconstruction of the bonding wires. Especially to filter the noisy point cloud and obtain an accurate point cloud of the bonding wire surface, a point cloud segmentation method based on spatial surface feature detection (SFD) was proposed. SFD can extract more distinct features from the bonding wire surface during the point cloud segmentation process. Furthermore, in the defect detection process, a directional discretisation descriptor with multiple local normal vectors is designed for defect pattern recognition of bonding wires. The descriptor combines local and global features of wire and can describe the spatial variation trends and structural features of wires. The experimental results show that the method can complete the 3D reconstruction and defect pattern recognition of bonding wires, and the average accuracy of defect recognition is 96.47%, which meets the production requirements of bonding wire defect detection.
A three‐stage switching MMC topology for capacitor voltage ripple reduction in HVDC applications
Authors: Fan Qiang , Xu Jianzhong , Liang Tian , Dinavahi Venkata , Zhao Chengyong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractModular multi‐level converters (MMCs) are a mainstay in many HVDC transmission projects worldwide. Half‐bridge MMC (HB‐MMC) is mostly used in the current project. The large capacitor of sub modules (SMs) is often required in MMC to ensure the low voltage ripple. Here, the three‐stage switching MMC (TSS‐MMC) topology is proposed, which can greatly reduce the capacitor voltage ripple of SMs by dynamically adjusting the position of inductance on the upper and down bridge arms. The principle of reducing capacitor voltage ripple based on equal capacitance theory is introduced. The selection of the inductance value of each part in TSS‐MMC is introduced. The start‐up process strategy, capacitor voltage ripple reduction strategy in steady‐state operation, and DC fault ride‐through strategy of TSS‐MMC are proposed. The effectiveness and engineering practicability of the proposed TSS‐MMC is verified by transient simulation program built on PSCAD/EMTDC. The simulation results show that compared with MMC with circulating current suppressing controller (CCSC), it can effectively reduce the capacitor voltage ripple by over 50%. Furthermore, the total used inductance of TSS‐MMC can also be reduced. A comprehensive assessment of TSS‐MMC is also carried out.
Stochastic multi‐stage joint expansion planning of transmission system and energy hubs in the presence of correlated uncertainties
Authors: Allahvirdizadeh Yousef , Galvani Sadjad , Shayanfar Heidarali 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDeployment of Energy Hubs (EHs) across the power grid can alleviate the Transmission System (TS) capacity and substitute the conventional fossil fuel‐based thermal units. Therefore, this paper presents a tri‐level multi‐stage Joint Expansion Planning of the Transmission system and EHs (JEPT&EHs). In this approach, the Cholesky decomposition technique combined with the Nataf transformation is applied to make the uncertain input parameters correlated. Then, the k‐means data‐clustering method is employed to reduce the initial correlated samples. In the first level, the Transmission System Operator (TSO) optimizes the planning and scheduling strategies associated with the TS capacity requirements and operation costs of the conventional generators. In the second level, the financers specify the expansion of the EHs based on the Locational Marginal Prices (LMPs). In the third level, the Direct Current Optimal Power Flow (DCOPF) is determined to update the LMPs by the Independent System Operator (ISO). The optimization problem is an Equilibrium Problem with Equilibrium Constraints (EPEC) since there are multiple financers across the TS. The proposed model is implemented on the IEEE standard 30 bus TS to present the effectiveness of the EHs' deployment and the impact of the correlations in the total costs of the TSO and financers.
Bilingual competency in U.S. occupations: resetting expectations about language in American society
Authors: López Omar S. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe current study significantly underscores the need for resetting expectations about language in American society, especially at a time when immigration, economic growth, and public education are major issues in American civic discourse. That learning a foreign language leads to higher wages in U.S. occupations is prevalent in American society. Yet, there is no empirical evidence to support this notion. Using a standardized nationwide data collection of employer ratings indicating English and foreign language importance and level required in the workplace, the current study suggests underlying causes for this lack of empirical evidence. Among the contributions to the literature, the findings indicate that in US occupations, the average English language level required is near the ability to edit a feature article in a local newspaper, while the average foreign language level required is just below the ability to say “please” and “thank you” in a foreign language.
Design of new resonant magnetic perturbation coils on the J-TEXT tokamak
Authors: HUANG Zhuo , ZHOU Song , FAN Jinrong , LI Da , RAO Bo , WANG Nengchao , DING Yonghua , MAO Feiyue , HUANG Mingxiang , TIAN Wei , CHEN Zhongyong , CHEN Zhipeng , LIANG Yunfeng 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The resonant magnetic perturbation (RMP) system is a powerful auxiliary system on tokamaks. On the J-TEXT tokamak, a set of new in-vessel coils is designed to enhance the amplitude of the RMP. The new coils are designed to be two-turn saddle coils. These two-turn saddle coils have been optimized in terms of their structure, support, and protection components to overcome the limitations of the narrow in-vessel space, resulting in a compact coil module that can be accommodated in the vessel. To verify the feasibility of this design, an electromagnetic simulation is performed to investigate the electrical parameters and the generated field of the coils. A multi-field coupled simulation is performed to investigate the capacity of heat dissipation. As a result of these efforts, the new RMP coils have been successfully installed on the J-TEXT tokamak. It has significantly enhanced the RMP amplitude and been widely applied in experiments.