bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surgical Outcome and Treatment Trends in 1289 Infants with Micrognathia: A Multicenter Cohort
Authors: Resnick Cory M. , Rottgers S. Alex , Wright Joshua M. , Vyas Raj M. , Goldstein Jeffrey A. , Swanson Jordan W. , Padula Michael A. , Coghill Carl H. , Ahmad Irfan , Molter David W. , Menezes Maithilee D. , Naing Khatija W. , Cielo Christopher M. ,   On behalf of the Children’s Hospitals Neonatal Consortium Micrognathia Focus Group
Published: May 2023

Background:
Studies of infants with micrognathia, especially Robin sequence, are limited by its rarity and both phenotypic and diagnostic variability. Most knowledge of this condition is sourced from small, single-institution samples.

Methods:
This is a cross-sectional study including infants with micrognathia admitted to 38 Children’s Hospital Neonatal Consortium centers from 2010 through 2020. Predictor variables included demographic data, birth characteristics, cleft, and syndrome status. Outcome variables included length of stay, death, feeding or respiratory support, and secondary airway operations.

Results:
A total of 1289 infants with micrognathia had surgery to correct upper airway obstruction. Mean age and weight at operation were 34.8 ± 1.8 weeks and 3515.4 ± 42 g, respectively. A syndromic diagnosis was made in 150 (11.6%) patients, with Stickler (5.4%) and Treacher Collins (2.2%) syndromes being the most common. Operations included mandibular distraction osteogenesis (MDO) in 66.3%, tracheostomy in 25.4%, and tongue–lip adhesion (TLA) in 8.3%. Patients receiving a tracheostomy had lower birthweight, head circumference, gestational age, and Apgar scores. Patients undergoing MDO were less likely to need a second airway operation compared with patients undergoing TLA (3.5% versus 17.8%; P < 0.001). The proportion of infants feeding exclusively orally at hospital discharge differed significantly, from most to least: MDO, TLA, and tracheostomy. Hospital length of stay was not statistically different for patients who had MDO or TLA, but was longer for those with primary tracheostomy. The mortality rate was low for all operations (0.5%).

Conclusions:
In this surgical patient cohort, MDO was associated with shorter hospital stay, improved oral feeding, and lower rates of secondary airway operations. Prospective multicenter studies are necessary to support these conclusions.

CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:
Risk, III.
A Comprehensive Analysis of Risk Factors Associated With Inpatient Falls
Authors: Warren Carley , Rizo Eduardo , Decker Edward , Hasse Adam 
Published: May 2023

Objectives
The primary objective of this study was to identify the relationship between rates of falls among hospitalized patients and the use of inpatient medications associated with falls.

Methods
This is a retrospective study on patients older than 60 years, hospitalized between January 1, 2021, and December 31, 2021. Ventilated patients and patients with a length of stay or fall less than 48 hours after admission were excluded. Falls were determined by assessing documented post fall assessments in the medical record. Patients who fell were matched 3:1 with control patients based on demographic data (age, sex, length of stay up to the fall time, and Elixhauser Comorbidity score). For controls, a pseudo time to fall was assigned based on matching. Medication information was gathered from barcode administration data. Statistical analysis was conducted using R and RStudio.

Results
A total of 6363 fall patients and 19,089 controls met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Seven drug classes were identified as statistically significant (P < 0.001) in increasing an inpatient’s rate of falling: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (unadjusted odds ratio [OR], 1.22), antipsychotics (OR, 1.93), benzodiazepines (OR, 1.57), serotonin modulators (OR, 1.2), selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors (OR, 1.26), tricyclics and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (OR, 1.45), and miscellaneous antidepressants (OR, 1.54).

Conclusions
Hospitalized patients older than 60 years are more likely to fall while taking angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, antipsychotics, benzodiazepines, serotonin modulators, selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors, tricyclics, norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, or miscellaneous antidepressants. Patients on opiates and diuretics had a significant decrease in rate of falls.
Citation versus disruption in the military: Analysis of the top disruptive military trauma research publications
Authors: Dilday Joshua , Gallagher Shea , Bram Ryan , Williams Elliot , Grigorian Areg , Matsushima Kazuhide , Schellenberg Morgan , Inaba Kenji , Martin Matthew 
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND
Bibliometric analysis of surgical research has become increasingly prevalent. Citation count (CC) is a commonly used marker of research quality, but may overlook impactful military research. The disruption score (DS) evaluates manuscripts on a spectrum from most innovative with more positive scores (disruptive [DR]) to most entrenched with more negative scores (developmental; DV). We sought to analyze the most DR and DV versus most cited research in military trauma.

METHODS
Top trauma articles by DS and by CC were identified via professional literature search. All publications in military journals were included. Military trauma-related keywords were used to query additional top surgical journals for military-focused publications. Publications were linked to the iCite NIH tool for CC and related metrics. The top 100 DR and DV publications by DS were analyzed and compared with the top 100 articles by CC.

RESULTS
Overall, 32,040 articles published between 1954 and 2014 were identified. The average DS and CC were 0.01 and 22, respectively. Most articles were published in Mil Med (68%). The top 100 DR articles were frequently published in Mil Med (51%) with a mean DS of 0.148. Of these, the most cited article was only the 40th most disruptive. The top 100 CC articles averaged a DS of 0.009 and were commonly found in J Trauma (53%). Only five publications were on both the top 100 DR and top 100 CC lists; 19 were on both the top DV and CC lists. Citation count was not correlated with DR (r = −0.134; p = 0.07) and only weakly correlated with DV (r = 0.215; p = 0.003).

CONCLUSION
DS identifies publications that changed military paradigms and future research directions previously overlooked by citation count alone. The DR and DV articles are distinct with little overlap between highly cited military articles. Multiple bibliometric measures should be employed to avoid overlooking impactful military trauma research.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Diagnostic Test or Criteria; Level IV.
The 16-year evolution of a military-civilian partnership: The University of Alabama at Birmingham experience
Authors: Rokayak Omar A. , Lammers Daniel T. , Baird Emily W. , Holcomb John B. , Jansen Jan O. , Cox Daniel B. , Winkler Jon P. , Betzold Richard D. , Manley Nathan R. , Northern David Marc , Wright James K. , Dorsch John , Kerby Jeffrey D. 
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND
At the University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), a multi-tiered military-civilian partnership (MCP) has evolved since 2006. We aimed to outline this model to facilitate potential replication nationally.

METHODS
We performed a comprehensive review of the partnership between UAB, the United States Air Force Special Operations Command, and the Department of Defense (DoD) reviewing key documents and conducting interviews with providers. As a purely descriptive study, this project did not involve any patient data acquisition or analysis and therefore was exempt from institutional review board approval per institutional policy.

RESULTS
At the time of this review, six core programs existed targeting training, clinical proficiency, and research. Training: (1) The Special Operations Center for Medical Integration and Development trains up to 144 combat medics yearly. (2) UAB trains one integrated military Surgery resident yearly with two additional civilian-sponsored military residents in Emergency Medicine. (3) UAB's Surgical Critical Care Fellowship had one National Guard member with two incoming Active-Duty, one Reservist and one prior service member in August 2022. Clinical Proficiency: (4) UAB hosts four permanently assigned United States Air Force Special Operations Command Special Operations Surgical Teams composed of general surgeons, anesthesiologists, certified registered nurse anesthetists, surgical technologists, emergency physicians, critical care registered nurses, and respiratory therapists totaling 24 permanently assigned active-duty health care professionals. (5) In addition, two fellowship-trained Air Force Trauma Critical Care Surgeons, one Active-Duty and one Reservist, are permanently assigned to UAB. These clinicians participate fully and independently in the routine care of patients alongside their civilian counterparts. Research: (6) UAB's Division of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery is currently conducting nine DoD-funded research projects totaling $6,482,790, and four research projects with military relevance funded by other agencies totaling $15,357,191.

CONCLUSION
The collaboration between UAB and various elements within the DoD illustrates a comprehensive approach to MCP. Replicating appropriate components of this model nationally may aid in the development of a truly integrated trauma system best prepared for the challenges of the future.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Economic and Value-based Evaluations; Level IV.
Prolonging the zone 1 aortic occlusion time to 4 hours using a partial resuscitative endovascular balloon in a swine model
Authors: Ho Jessie W. , Jin Guang , Nguyen Jessica , Keeney-Bonthrone Toby P. , Diaz-Perez Dariel A. , Dawood Zaiba Shafik , Kemp Michael T. , Alam Jenna S. , Gauger Megan A. , Shaikh Aleezeh , Chtraklin Kiril , Liu Baoling , Alam Hasan B. 
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND
The clinical usage of the resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) is limited by distal ischemia resulting from complete aortic occlusion. We hypothesized that animals would physiologically tolerate the prolonged partial occlusion using the novel partially occluding REBOA (pREBOA) with survivable downstream injuries.

METHODS
This study used the pREBOA-PRO catheter in a previously established swine model. Female Yorkshire swine (n = 10) underwent a volume-controlled hemorrhage (40% estimated blood). After 1 hour of shock (mean arterial pressure, 28–32 mm Hg), animals were randomized to partial occlusion for either 2 hours or 4 hours. The pREBOA was inflated in zone 1 to achieve partial occlusion defined as a distal systolic blood pressure (SBP) of 20 ± 2 mm Hg. The balloon was deflated at the end of the occlusion period, and animals were resuscitated for 2 hours. Tissues were examined for gross and histologic injury. The primary endpoint was histologic organ injury, and secondary end points were hemodynamic variables and degree of distal organ ischemia.

RESULTS
All animals survived to the endpoint. Both groups had similar proximal and distal SBP at baseline, with a divergence of pressures ranging from 55 mm Hg to 90 mm Hg on inflation. The lactate levels increased throughout the occlusion and decreased approximately 40% during the observation period. More animals required norepinephrine and fluid in the 4-hour group compared with the 2-hour group. There was no gross small bowel ischemia noted in the 2-hour animals. The 4-hour group had surgically resectable patchy short segment ischemia. Neither group showed nonsurvivable organ ischemia on pathology or laboratory values.

CONCLUSION
This is the first study showing that the zone 1 aorta can be occluded for over 4 hours using a new pREBOA device without need for balloon titration. In conclusion, simple changes in balloon design offer reliable partial aortic occlusion, with potentially survivable and surgically manageable downstream injuries.
Identifying therapeutic targets for cancer: 2,094 circulating proteins and risk of nine cancers
Authors: Smith-Byrne Karl , Hedman Åsa , Dimitriou Marios , Desai Trishna , Sokolov Alexandr V. , Schioth Helgi B. , Koprulu Mine , Pietzner Maik , Langenberg Claudia , Atkins Joshua , Cortez Ricardo , McKay James , Brennan Paul , Zhou Sirui , Richards Brent J. , Yarmolinsky James , Martin Richard M. , Borlido Joana , Mu Xinmeng J. , Butterworth Adam , Shen Xia , Wilson Jim , Assimes Themistocles L. , Hung Rayjean J. , Amos Christopher , Purdue Mark , Rothman Nathaniel , Chanock Stephen , Travis Ruth C. , Johansson Mattias , Mälarstig Anders 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundUnderstanding the role of circulating proteins in cancer risk can reveal key biological pathways and identify novel therapeutic targets for cancer prevention.MethodsWe investigated the associations of 2,094 circulating proteins with risk of nine common cancers (bladder, breast, endometrium, head and neck, lung, ovary, pancreas, kidney, and malignant non-melanoma) usingcispQTL Mendelian randomisation (MR) and colocalization. Findings for proteins with support from both MR, after correction for multiple-testing, and colocalization were replicated using an independent cancer GWAS. Additionally, MR and colocalization phenome-wide association analyses (PHEWAS) were conducted to identify potential adverse side-effects of altering risk proteins. Finally, we mapped cancer risk proteins to drug and ongoing clinical trials targets.ResultsWe identified 40 proteins associated with cancer risk, of which a majority replicated and were novel. Among these were proteins associated with common cancers, such as PLAUR and risk of breast cancer [odds ratio per standard deviation increment (OR): 2.27, 95% CI: 1.88 to 2.74], and with high-mortality cancers, such as CTRB1 and pancreatic cancer [OR: 0.79, 95% CI: 0.73 to 0.85]. PHEWAS highlighted multiple links between proteins and potential adverse effects of protein-altering interventions. Additionally, 18 proteins associated with cancer risk mapped to existing therapeutic interventions, while 15 were not currently known to be under clinical investigation, such as GAS1 and triple negative breast cancer [OR: 1.88, 95% CI: 1.42 to 2.47].ConclusionOur findings emphasize the importance of proteomics for improving our understanding of cancer aetiology. Additionally, we demonstrate the benefit of in-depth protein PHEWAS analyses on risk proteins to identify potential adverse side-effects of protein-altering interventions. Using these methods, we identify a subset of risk proteins as potential drug targets for the prevention and treatment of cancer as well as opportunities for drug repurposing.
A Proteome-wide, Multi-Omics Analysis Implicates Novel Protein Dysregulation in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
Authors: Wang Jiawei , Li Hongyu , Wilson Rashaun , Wang Weiwei , Lam TuKiet T. ,   Traumatic Stress Brain Research Group, Lewis David A. , Glausier Jill , Holtzheimer Paul E. , Friedman Matthew J. , Williams Kenneth R. , Picciotto Marina R. , Nairn Angus C. , Krystal John H. , Duman Ronald S. , Zhao Hongyu , Girgenti Matthew J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPost-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a common and disabling psychiatric disorder. Here we present findings from the first proteome-wide study of the postmortem PTSD brain. We performed tandem mass spectrometry on large cohort of donors (N = 66) in two prefrontal cortical areas and found differentially expressed proteins and co-expression modules disturbed in PTSD. Integrative analysis pointed tohsa-mir-589as a regulatory miRNA responsible for disruptions in neuronal protein networks for PTSD, including the GABA vesicular transporter, SLC32A1. In addition, we identified significant enrichment of risk genes for Alzheimer’s Disease (N= 94,403), major depression (N = 807,553), and schizophrenia (N = 35,802) within PTSD co-expression protein modules, suggesting shared molecular pathology. Our findings highlight the altered proteomic landscape of postmortem PTSD brain and provide a novel framework for future studies integrating proteomic profiling with transcriptomics in postmortem human brain tissue.
Characterizing spatiotemporal variation in transmission heterogeneity during the 2022 mpox outbreak in the USA
Authors: Love Jay , LaPrete Cormac R. , Sheets Theresa R. , Vega Yon George G. , Thomas Alun , Samore Matthew H. , Keegan Lindsay T. , Adler Frederick R. , Slayton Rachel B. , Spicknall Ian H. , Toth Damon J.A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractUnderstanding how transmission heterogeneity varies over the course of an enduring infectious disease outbreak improves understanding of observed disease dynamics and informs public health strategy. We quantified the spatiotemporal variation in transmission heterogeneity for the 2022 mpox outbreak in the US using the dispersion parameter of the offspring distribution,k. Our methods fit negative binomial distributions to transmission chain offspring distributions informed by a large mpox contact tracing dataset. We found that estimates of transmission heterogeneity varied across the outbreak, but overall estimated transmission heterogeneity was low. When testing our methods on simulated data, estimate accuracy depended on contact tracing data accuracy and completeness. Because the actual contact tracing data had high incompleteness, the values ofkestimated from the empirical data may therefore be artificially high. Through simulation, we explore a method to correct estimatedkfor data incompleteness and, further, explore baseline expectations for temporal dynamics ofk.
Measuring the strength of maternal, newborn and child health care implementation and its association with childhood mortality risk in three rural districts of Tanzania
Authors: Baynes Colin , Kanté Almamy Malick , Exavery Amon , Kassimu Tani , Sikustahili Gloria , Mushi Hildegalda , Ramsey Kate , Sherr Kenneth , Weiner Bryan , Phillips James F. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis observational cohort study explores the association between maternal, newborn and child health care implementation strength and child survival in rural Tanzania from 2011-2015. We used data from a 2011 service availability and readiness assessment that quantified primary health care facilities’ ability to implement maternal, newborn and child health services and a population-level household survey that measured the utilization of such services to develop domain-specific summary measures of the effective coverage of facility-based maternal, newborn and child health care. We reduced domain specific effective coverage scores into fewer, independent scales of implementation strength using principal components analysis, and integrated them into gradients of the collective implementation strength exerted by groups of facilities on villages they served using Bayesian mixed effects models. We linked these scales to longitudinal data on the survival of children that were born in the catchment areas of the surveyed health facilities during the assessment period and followed up until December 31, 2015. We fit survival time models to estimate the relationship between implementation strength and child mortality. Increases in the implementation strength gauged by our first scale, which represented general facility readiness and the provision of antenatal, postnatal, and early childhood preventive services, were associated with child mortality risks that were, on average, 0.62 times lower. Increases in implementation strength gauged by our second scale, which represented sick childcare service provision, were associated with child mortality risks that were, on average, 0.56 times lower. We detected no significant child mortality response to our third scale, which represented intrapartum care provision. The findings suggest that strong implementation of antenatal, postnatal, early childhood preventive services and sick child care can accelerate child mortality reduction and that routine data on service availability and readiness can be used to measure health systems strengthening and its impacts.
Nature-based solutions in Australia: a systematic quantitative literature review of terms, application and policy relevance
Authors: Zhu Dan , Fraser Lily , Kendal Dave , Zhang Yue , Flies Emily J 
Published: May 2023

AbstractNature-based Solutions (NbS) are emerging as an approach to sustainable environmental management and addressing environmental and social issues in ways that benefit human well-being and biodiversity. NbS have been applied to social-environmental challenges such as climate change and urbanization, but with diverse conceptualisations and applications that may impact their effectiveness and broader uptake. Much of the literature and implementation of NbS has emerged from Europe and though NbS use is rising in Australia, the context is unclear. This systematic quantitative literature review aims to understand Nature-based Solutions in an Australian context.Here we explore the meaning and practical uses of NbS in Australia, through three research questions: In Australia, 1) what is meant by the term ‘nature-based solutions’? 2) what socio-ecological challenges do NbS aim to address and how? 3) are there gaps in NbS research and policy application that are hindering uptake of NbS approaches?We show that in Australia, local governments are using NbS in urban planning to address the compounding challenges brought on by climate change in the human-environment interfaces. However, there is no consensus on NbS definitions and approaches, research is focussed on urban areas and problems, and NbS implementation follows a bottom-up, localised pattern without an integrated policy framework. Based on these findings, we provide recommendations for improving the implementation of NbS in Australia including: 1) a consistency of NbS definition and awareness of NbS approaches; 2) interdisciplinary and interdepartmental collaboration on NbS methods and effectiveness and; 3) an integrated policy framework supporting NbS nationwide.