bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aprendizaje cooperativo y su influencia en las competencias digitales
Authors: Morocho Lara Héctor Daniel 
Published: March 2023

Introducción. Las tecnologías de la información y comunicación son mediadores culturales hacia un nuevo enfoque de comunidad educativa. El influjo de las tecnologías de la información y comunicación en las actividades de la vida social y sobre todo en el quehacer educativo ha superado condicionamientos basados en el antiguo “profesor sabelotodo y teórico”. Objetivo. Este artículo de investigación tiene como objetivo describir y analizar el aporte del aprendizaje cooperativo para el desarrollo de competencias digitales, mediante la utilización de herramientas digitales de la web a través de una serie de programas y talleres vinculados a la aplicación de la tecnología. Metodología. La metodología implementada es una investigación de tipo experimental, mediante un cuestionario estructurado de 40 preguntas en escala de Likert el cual fue validado mediante el estadístico alfa de Cronbach con un resultado de 0,871 en la cual se trabajó con una población comprendida en dos grupos intactos; grupo control y grupo experimental, cada uno conformado por 30 sujetos. El contraste de la hipótesis se realizó mediante a prueba estadística de U de Mann-Whitney donde se obtuvo un valor menor a 0,05, Resultados. por consiguiente, se obtuvo resultados favorables donde se afirma que el trabajo colaborativo aporta en el desarrollo de competencias digitales permitiendo un mayor desenvolvimiento de los individuos en actividades educativas diarias, Conclusión. Concluyendo pues que se garantiza un aprendizaje optimo y flexible dentro de un entono social, con ayuda y aplicación de las herramientas web 3.0.
Alimentación para la actividad física saludable: estudio de caso con escolares
Authors: Flores Robalino Rosita Gabriela , Acosta Chisaguano Diana Carolina , Villalba Garzón Gabriela Alexandra , Castro Pantoja Edison Andrés 
Published: March 2023

Introducción. Los hábitos alimenticios en la edad escolar se relacionan directamente con los hábitos de práctica de actividad física, incidiendo en los estilos de vida saludable que estos poseen. Objetivo. Identificar los hábitos alimenticios de los escolares y su relación con los niveles de práctica de actividad física. Metodología. Estudio de enfoque cuantitativo de tipo no experimental, de alcance correlacional con corte transversal, aplicando el cuestionario CHVSAAF para determinación de hábitos alimenticios a una muestra de 84 estudiantes. Resultados. Entre los principales resultados se observa que en la mayoría de los estudiantes existe hábitos alimentarios deficientes, con un nivel medio de práctica de actividad física. Conclusiones. Los datos que se obtuvieron en el estudio nos permitirán buscar alternativas para mejorar los hábitos alimentarios y fomentar la actividad física en los escolares.
Competencias digitales docentes y estrategias de aprendizaje en la formación del profesional de educación física
Authors: Castro Pantoja Edison Andrés , Sandoval Gordón Anthony Paúl , Loaiza Dávila Lenin Esteban , Sánchez Cañizares Christian Mauricio 
Published: March 2023

Introducción. El nivel de competencias digitales docentes delimita el nivel de aplicación de estrategias de aprendizaje en los estudiantes de formación en el área de Educación Física, ya que el conocimiento y manejo de la tecnología e informática hace que el docente, presente maneras dinámicas y diversas de enseñar. Objetivo. Se planteó determinar el grado de incidencia del nivel de competencias de carácter digital en un grupo de docentes sobre la aplicación de estrategias de aprendizaje enunciadas por los estudiantes universitarios de formación en Educación Física. Metodología. Estudio de enfoque cuantitativo de tipo de investigación no experimental, de alcance correlacional con un corte transversal, realizado a través de la técnica de la encuesta específicamente 2 cuestionarios validados estadísticamente y por criterio de expertos (Cuestionario de competencias digitales docentes y cuestionario de estrategias de aprendizaje) aplicados en una muestra de 25 docentes y cada uno con un grupo de estudiantes universitarios en formación de Educación física, con un total de 1002 individuos. Resultados. El mayor porcentaje de los docentes en estudio se encontraron en un nivel B2 de competencias digitales y sus estudiantes determinaron que estos se encontraban en un nivel alto de aplicación de estrategias de enseñanza, obteniendo una relación estadística entre las variables en un nivel de P<0.05. Conclusión. El análisis y recolección de datos concluyeron que, efectivamente aquellos docentes con un nivel competencial digital avanzado, poseen un nivel alto de aplicación de estrategias de aprendizaje en los estudiantes universitarios de formación en educación física.
Fast, cheap and sensitive: Homogenizer-based RNA extraction free method for SARS-CoV-2 detection by RT-qPCR
Authors: Ramírez-Córdova Cristina , Morales-Jadán Diana , Alarcón-Salem Sofía , Sarmiento-Alvarado Alisson , Proaño María Belén , Camposano Isabel , Sarmiento-Alvarado Berenice , Bravo-Castro Mishell , Hidalgo-Jiménez Jean Franco , Coello Dayana , Rodríguez Ángel S. , Viteri-Dávila Carolina , Vallejo-Janeta Alexander Paolo , Arcos-Suárez Daniela , Garcia-Bereguiain Miguel Angel 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundThe SARS-CoV-2 gold standard detection method is an RT-qPCR with a previous step of viral RNA extraction from the patient sample either by using commercial automatized or manual extraction kits. This RNA extraction step is expensive and time demanding.ObjectiveThe aim of our study was to evaluate the clinical performance of a simple SARS-CoV-2 detection protocol based on a fast and intense sample homogenization followed by direct RT-qPCR.Results388 nasopharyngeal swabs were analyzed in this study. 222 of them tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 by the gold standard RNA extraction and RT-qPCR method, while 166 tested negative. 197 of those 222 positive samples were also positive for the homogenization protocol, yielding a sensitivity of 88.74% (95% IC; 83.83 – 92.58). 166 of those negative samples were also negative for the homogenization protocol, so the specificity obtained was 97% (95% IC; 93.11 – 99.01). For Ct values below 30, meaning a viral load of 103 copies/uL, only 4 SARS-CoV-2 positive samples failed for the RNA extraction free method; for that limit of detection, the homogenizer-based method had a sensitivity of 97.92% (95% CI; 96.01 – 99.83).ConclusionsOur results show that this fast and cheap homogenization method for the SARS-CoV-2 detection by RT-qPCR is a reliable alternative of high sensitivity for potentially infectious SARS-CoV-2 positive patients. This RNA extraction free protocol would help to reduce diagnosis time and cost, and to overcome the RNA extraction kits shortage experienced during COVID-19 pandemic.
Refractile bodies of Eimeria tenella are proteinaceous membrane-less organelles that undergo dynamic changes during infection
Authors: Burrell Alana , Marugan-Hernandez Virginia , Graefin Von Der Recke Karolin , Aguiar-Martins Kelsilandia , Gabriel Heloisa Berti , Tomley Fiona M. , Vaughan Sue 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionRefractile bodies (RB) are large membrane-less organelles (MLO) of unknown function found as a prominent mismatched pair within the sporozoite stages of all species of Eimeria, parasitic coccidian protozoa.MethodsHigh resolution imaging methods including time-lapse live confocal microscopy and serial block face-scanning electron microscopy (SBF-SEM) were used to investigate the morphology of RB and other intracellular organelles before and after sporozoite invasion of host cells.ResultsLive cell imaging of MDBK cells infected with E. tenella sporozoites confirmed previous reports that RB reduce from two to one post-infection and showed that reduction in RB number occurs via merger of the anterior RB with the posterior RB, a process that lasts 20-40 seconds and takes place between 2- and 5-hours post-infection. Ultrastructural studies using SBF-SEM on whole individual sporozoites, both pre- and post-host cell invasion, confirmed the live cell imaging observations and showed also that changes to the overall sporozoite cell shape accompanied RB merger. Furthermore, the single RB post-merger was found to be larger in volume than the two RB pre-merger. Actin inhibitors were used to investigate a potential role for actin in RB merger, Cytochalasin D significantly inhibited both RB merger and the accompanying changes in sporozoite cell shape.DiscussionMLOs in eukaryotic organisms are characterised by their lack of a membrane and ability to undergo liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) and fusion, usually in an actin-mediated fashion. Based on the changes in sporozoite cell shape observed at the time of RB merger together with a potential role for actin in this process, we propose that RB are classed as an MLO and recognised as one of the largest MLOs so far characterised.
Effect of metformin on sepsis-associated acute lung injury and gut microbiota in aged rats with sepsis
Authors: Wan Youdong , Wang Shuya , Niu Yifan , Duo Boyang , Liu Yinshuang , Lu Zhenzhen , Zhu Ruixue 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundRecent studies reported the association between the changes in gut microbiota and sepsis, but there is unclear for the gut microbes on aged sepsis is associated acute lung injury (SALI), and metformin treatment for the change in gut microbiota. This study aimed to investigate the effect of metformin on gut microbiota and SALI in aged rats with sepsis. It also explored the therapeutic mechanism and the effect of metformin on aged rats with SALI.MethodsAged 20-21 months SD rats were categorized into three groups: sham-operated rats (AgS group), rats with cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced sepsis (AgCLP group), and rats treated with metformin (100 mg/kg) orally 1 h after CLP treatment (AgMET group). We collected feces from rats and analyzed them by 16S rRNA sequencing. Further, the lung samples were collected for histological analysis and quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) assay and so on.ResultsThis study showed that some pathological changes occurring in the lungs of aged rats, such as hemorrhage, edema, and inflammation, improved after metformin treatment; the number of hepatocyte death increased in the AgCLP group, and decreased in the AgMET group. Moreover, metformin relieved SALI inflammation and damage. Importantly, the gut microbiota composition among the three groups in aged SALI rats was different. In particular, the proportion of E. coli and K. pneumoniae was higher in AgCLP group rats than AgS group rats and AgMET group rats; while metformin could increase the proportion of Firmicutes, Lactobacillus, Ruminococcus_1 and Lactobacillus_johnsonii in aged SALI rats. Moreover, Prevotella_9, Klebsiella and Escherichia_Shigella were correlated positively with the inflammatory factor IL-1 in the lung tissues; Firmicutes was correlated negatively with the inflammatory factor IL-1 and IL-6 in the lung tissues.ConclusionsOur findings suggested that metformin could improve SALI and gut microbiota in aged rats, which could provide a potential therapeutic treatment for SALI in aged sepsis.
3D-electroanatomical mapping of the left atrium and catheter-based pulmonary vein isolation in pigs: A practical guide
Authors: Hertel Julie Norup , Jerltorp Kezia , Hansen Malthe Emil Høtbjerg , Isaksen Jonas L. , Sattler Stefan Michael , Linz Benedikt , Chaldoupi Sevasti-Maria , Jespersen Thomas , Saljic Arnela , Gang Uffe , Manninger Martin , Linz Dominik 
Published: March 2023

AimTo propose a standardized workflow for 3D-electroanatomical mapping guided pulmonary vein isolation in pigs.Materials and methodsDanish female landrace pigs were anaesthetized. Ultrasound-guided puncture of both femoral veins was performed and arterial access for blood pressure measurement established. Fluoroscopy- and intracardiac ultrasound-guided passage of the patent foramen ovale or transseptal puncture was performed. Then, 3D-electroanatomical mapping of the left atrium was conducted using a high-density mapping catheter. After mapping all pulmonary veins, an irrigated radiofrequency ablation catheter was used to perform ostial ablation to achieve electrical pulmonary vein isolation. Entrance- and exit-block were confirmed and re-assessed after a 20-min waiting period. Lastly, animals were sacrificed to perform left atrial anatomical gross examination.ResultsWe present data from 11 consecutive pigs undergoing pulmonary vein isolation. Passage of the fossa ovalis or transseptal puncture was uneventful and successful in all animals. Within the inferior pulmonary trunk 2–4 individual veins as well as 1–2 additional left and right pulmonary veins could be cannulated. Electrical isolation by point-by-point ablation of all targeted veins was successful. However, pitfalls including phrenic nerve capture during ablation, ventricular arrhythmias during antral isolation close to the mitral valve annulus and difficulties in accessing right pulmonary veins were encountered.ConclusionFluoroscopy- and intracardiac ultrasound-guided transseptal puncture, high-density electroanatomical mapping of all pulmonary veins and complete electrical pulmonary vein isolation can be achieved reproducibly and safely in pigs when using current technologies and a step-by-step approach.
Differential expression of epigenetic modifiers in early and late cardiotoxic heart failure reveals DNA methylation as a key regulator of cardiotoxicity
Authors: Robinson Emma L. , Ameri Pietro , Delrue Leen , Vanderheyden Marc , Bartunek Jozef , Altieri Paola , Heymans Stephane , Heggermont Ward A. 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundAnthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity is a well-known serious clinical entity. However, detailed mechanistic insights on how short-term administration leads to late and long-lasting cardiotoxicity, are still largely undiscovered. We hypothesize that chemotherapy provokes a memory effect at the level of epigenomic DNA modifications which subsequently lead to cardiotoxicity even years after cessation of chemotherapy.MethodsWe explored the temporal evolution of epigenetic modifiers in early and late cardiotoxicity due to anthracyclines by means of RNA-sequencing of human endomyocardial left ventricular biopsies and mass spectrometry of genomic DNA. Based on these findings, validation of differentially regulated genes was obtained by performing RT-qPCR. Finally, a proof-of-concept in vitro mechanistic study was performed to dissect some of the mechanistic aspects of epigenetic memory in anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity.ResultsCorrelation of gene expression between late and early onset cardiotoxicity revealed an R2 value of 0.98, demonstrating a total of 369 differentially expressed genes (DEGs, FDR &lt; 0.05). of which 72% (n = 266) were upregulated, and 28% of genes, (n = 103) downregulated in later as compared to earlier onset cardiotoxicity. Gene ontology analysis showed significant enrichment of genes involved in methyl-CpG DNA binding, chromatin remodeling and regulation of transcription and positive regulation of apoptosis. Differential mRNA expression of genes involved in DNA methylation metabolism were confirmed by RT-qPCR in endomyocardial biopsies. In a larger biopsy cohort, it was shown that Tet2 was more abundantly expressed in cardiotoxicity biopsies vs. control biopsies and vs. non-ischemic cardiomyopathy patients. Moreover, an in vitro study was performed: following short-term doxorubicin treatment, H9c2 cells were cultured and passaged once they reached a confluency of 70%–80%. When compared to vehicle-only treated cells, in doxorubicin-treated cells, three weeks after short term treatment, Nppa, Nppb, Tet1/2 and other genes involved in active DNA demethylation were markedly upregulated. These alterations coincided with a loss of DNA methylation and a gain in hydroxymethylation, reflecting the epigenetic changes seen in the endomyocardial biopsies.ConclusionsShort-term administration of anthracyclines provokes long-lasting epigenetic modifications in cardiomyocytes both in vivo and in vitro, which explain in part the time lapse between the use of chemotherapy and the development of cardiotoxicity and, eventually, heart failure.
A qualitative study to explore strategies to improve the Road to Health Application for maternal and child health outcomes in South Africa
Authors: Dietrich Janan Janine , Tsotetsi Lerato , Dubazane Thenjiwe , Tshabalala Gugulethu , Maimela Boitumelo , Weiss Martin , Mulaudzi Mamakiri 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundThe Road to Health Application (RTHA) is essentially a digitalized version of the National Department of Health’s Road to Health book, and a hand-printed booklet given to mothers at the birth of each baby. The RTHA, like the booklet, provides guidelines for maternal and child health outcomes, with the goal of creating a database of children and caregivers in South Africa and teaching them how to raise a healthy child. This paper explored potential barriers and enablers to using the RTHA in the South African context based on user experiences.MethodsUsing a qualitative design, we conducted 50 serial interviews (two separate interviews, 1 month apart). Through convenience, sampling eligible participants were 18 years  or older women who were pregnant and/or had a child under the age of 5 years. Participants included 25 existing users and 25 new users of the RTHA, who owned android smart phones at enrollment. Existing users were recruited telephonically through the National Department of Health database, and new users were approached at the antenatal care unit and wellness baby clinic (women with children under 5 years) at the Chris Hani Baragwaneth Academic Hospital. Upon enrollment, participants completed a brief survey on sociodemographics and mobile phone use, and thereafter, they had a baseline interview followed by a telephonic interview 1 month later. A semistructured interview guide was used to explore barriers, enablers, and the usability of the RTHA. Using thematic data analysis, we identified enablers and barriers to the use of the RTHA.ResultsA third (33%) of all participants reported IsiZulu as their main language of communication, and 6% of the participants reported English as their main language of communication. The RTHA was an important addition to the booklet that helped keep new mothers informed about child immunization and provided important information about healthy child rearing practices. However, multiple barriers were cited to using the RTHA; these included the fact that the app was only available in two languages, high data costs, lack of access to smart phones, and app functionalities. The enablers to using the RTHA included the accessibility of important information regarding prenatal and postnatal childcare.ConclusionThis study gives insight into the barriers and enablers from the end-user perspective to improve the RTHA for future use in South Africa and offers guidance on how to improve the RTHA to be more user-friendly, which could increase its usability among mothers. It further emphasizes the need to consider the challenges experienced by users in South Africa when developing future mobile health interventions to increase uptake.
Global publication trends and research hotspots of the gut-liver axis in NAFLD: A bibliometric analysis
Authors: Yang Shuangjie , Yu Deshuai , Liu Junjie , Qiao Yanfang , Gu Shuxiao , Yang Ran , Chai Xinlou , Wang Wei 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundNonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease(NAFLD)refers to a spectrum of diseases ranging from simple liver steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and cirrhosis. Bidirectional cross-talk between the gut-liver axis plays an important role in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. To learn more about the gut-liver axis in NAFLD, this study aims to provide a comprehensive analysis from a bibliometric perspective.MethodLiterature related to the gut-liver axis in NAFLD from 1989 to 2022 was extracted from the Web of Science Core Collection. Based on Microsoft Excel, CiteSpace and Vosviewer, we conducted to analyze the number of publications, countries/regions, institutions, authors, journals, references, and keywords.ResultsA total of 1,891 literature since 2004 was included, with the rapid growth of the number of papers on the gut-liver axis in NAFLD annually. These publications were mainly from 66 countries and 442 institutions. Of the 638 authors analyzed, Bernd Schnabl was the one with the most publications, and Patrice D. Cani was the one with the most co-citations. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is the journal with the most articles published, and Hepatology is the journal with the most citations. The most common keywords are gut microbiota, inflammation, and insulin instance, which are current research hotspots. Short-chain fatty acid, in vitro, randomized controlled trial in clinical, and diabetes mellitus represent the research frontiers in this field and are in a stage of rapid development.ConclusionThis is the first study to conduct a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of publications related to the gut-liver axis in NAFLD. This study reveals that gut microbiota, inflammation, insulin resistance, short-chain fatty acids, and randomized controlled trial will be the hotspots and new trends in the gut-liver axis in NAFLD research, which could provide researchers with key research information in this field and is helpful for further exploration of new research directions.
Logging has legacy effects on the structure of soil fungal communities several decades after cessation in Western Cascade forest stands
Authors: Spencer Max W. , Roy Bitty A. , Thornton Tiffany E. , Silva Lucas C. R. , McGuire Krista L. 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionLogging impacts millions of hectares of forests globally every year, and not only affects tree cover, but also disrupts below-ground soil communities that are essential for forest ecosystems. Soil fungi are particularly vulnerable to such disturbances due to their reliance upon plant hosts as their source of carbon. Fluctuations within the major guilds of fungi important for forest function can have ramifications for plant communities and biogeochemical processes. We addressed questions about soil fungal communities in temperate forest stands with varying logging histories: (1) Do assembly patterns of soil fungal communities and functional guilds reflect historical differences in logging legacies? (2) Does sequencing of below-ground communities of fungi resemble the composition of surveys of fungal fruiting bodies? (3) How do fungal communities in the litter layer differ from those in the soil and do these assembly patterns change with logging history?MethodsOur study took place in the H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest in western Oregon, USA. We sampled soil and litter (Oi—Oe) in three sites with different logging histories: one clear cut in 1974, one selectively logged and thinned three times between 1974 and 2001, and one unlogged. We sequenced soil fungi separately for mineral soil samples and litter samples. Additionally, we compiled fruiting-body studies from 1972 through the present to compare with our eDNA samples.ResultsWe found that four decades after logging had ceased there were detectable signatures within the soil fungal communities that distinguished logged from unlogged sites, indicating a legacy that affects many generations of fungi (PERMANOVA; p &lt; 0.001 for both soil and litter fungi). There were also significant differences between litter and mineral soil communities (PERMANOVA; p &lt; 0.001) with higher relative abundances of pathogens within the litter layer and a greater proportion of mycorrhizal fungi in the soil.DiscussionThese results highlight the importance of including forest litter in studies, as entire guilds of fungi can be underestimated when considering a single fraction. Together, these results have repercussions for the regeneration of forests following logging, as the composition of fungal guilds important to plant functions do not fully recover even after decades of cessation.