bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Childhood maltreatment and the structural development of hippocampus across childhood and adolescence
Authors: Doretto Victoria Fogaça , Salto Ana Beatriz Ravagnani , Schivoletto Sandra , Zugman Andre , Oliveira Melaine Cristina , Brañas Marcelo , Croci Marcos , Ito Lucas Toshio , Santoro Marcos , Jackowski Andrea P. , Bressan Rodrigo A. , Rohde Luis Augusto , Salum Giovanni , Miguel Eurípedes Constantino , Pan Pedro Mario 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundPrior studies suggest that childhood maltreatment is associated with altered hippocampal volume. However, longitudinal studies are currently scarce, making it difficult to determine how alterations in hippocampal volume evolve over time. The current study examined the relationship between childhood maltreatment and hippocampal volumetric development across childhood and adolescence in a community sample.MethodsIn this longitudinal study, a community sample of 795 participants underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in three waves spanning ages 6–21 years. Childhood maltreatment was assessed using parent-report and children´s self-report at baseline (6–12 years old). Mixed models were used to examine the relationship between childhood maltreatment and hippocampal volume across time.ResultsThe quadratic term of age was significantly associated with both right and left hippocampal volume development. High exposure to childhood maltreatment was associated with reduced offset of right hippocampal volume and persistent reduced volume throughout adolescence.Critically, the relationship between childhood maltreatment and reduced right hippocampal volume remained significant after adjusting for the presence of any depressive disorder during late childhood and adolescence and hippocampal volume polygenic risk scores. Time-by-CM and Sex-by-CM interactions were not statistically significant.ConclusionsThe present study showed that childhood maltreatment is associated with persistent reduction of hippocampal volume in children and adolescents, even after adjusting for the presence of major depressive disorder and genetic determinants of hippocampal structure.
SFG and TG seropositivity in Humans suspected of TBD in Yucatan, Mexico
Authors: Dzul Rosado Karla Rossanet , Peña Bates Carlos Aaron , Tello Martin Raúl , Noh-Pech Henry R. , Puerto Fernando I. , Omodior Oghenekaro 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Since 1996, the incidence of rickettsiosis has been increasing in Yucatán, Mexico, but recent prevalence data are lacking. This study aimed to determine exposure to the Spotted Fever Group (SFG) and Typhus Group (TG) in human serum samples suspected of tick-borne diseases (TBD) between 2015 and 2022. A total of 620 samples were analysed using indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) to detect IgG antibodies against SFG (Rickettsia rickettsii) and TG (Rickettsia typhi), considering a titer of ≥64 as positive. Results showed that 103 samples (17%) were positive for R. rickettsii and 145 (24%) for R. typhi, while 256 (41%) and 229 (37%) were negative, respectively. There was a cross-reaction in 244 samples (39%). Individuals with contact with vectors, such as ticks, showed significant exposure to fleas (p = 0.0010). The study suggests a high prevalence of rickettsiosis and recommends prospective studies to assess the disease burden and strengthen surveillance and prevention in Yucatán, considering factors like temperature and ecological changes.
A practical formalization of monadic equational reasoning in dependent-type theory
Authors: AFFELDT REYNALD , GARRIGUE JACQUES , SAIKAWA TAKAFUMI 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
One can perform equational reasoning about computational effects with a purely functional programming language thanks to monads. Even though equational reasoning for effectful programs is desirable, it is not yet mainstream. This is partly because it is difficult to maintain pencil-and-paper proofs of large examples. We propose a formalization of a hierarchy of effects using monads in the Coq proof assistant that makes monadic equational reasoning practical. Our main idea is to formalize the hierarchy of effects and algebraic laws as interfaces like it is done when formalizing hierarchy of algebras in dependent-type theory. Thanks to this approach, we clearly separate equational laws from models. We can then take advantage of the sophisticated rewriting capabilities of Coq and build libraries of lemmas to achieve concise proofs of programs. We can also use the resulting framework to leverage on Coq’s mathematical theories and formalize models of monads. In this article, we explain how we formalize a rich hierarchy of effects (nondeterminism, state, probability, etc.), how we mechanize examples of monadic equational reasoning from the literature, and how we apply our framework to the design of equational laws for a subset of ML with references.
Learning from Hindsight: Examining Autonomic, Inflammatory, and Endocrine Stress Biomarkers and Mental Health in Healthy Terrorism Survivors Many Years Later
Authors: Tucker Phebe , Pfefferbaum Betty , North Carol S. , Zhao Yan Daniel , Nitiema Pascal , Zettl Rachel , Jeon-Slaughter Haekyung 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIntroduction:Terrorism and trauma survivors often experience changes in biomarkers of autonomic, inflammatory and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis assessed at various times. Research suggests interactions of these systems in chronic stress.Study Objective:This unprecedented retrospective study explores long-term stress biomarkers in three systems in terrorism survivors.Methods:Sixty healthy, direct terrorism survivors were compared to non-exposed community members for cardiovascular reactivity to a trauma script, morning salivary cortisol, interleukin 1-β (IL-1β), and interleukin 2-R (IL-2R). Survivors’ biomarkers were correlated with psychiatric symptoms and diagnoses and reported functioning and well-being seven years after the Oklahoma City (OKC) bombing.Main outcome measures were the Diagnostic Interview Schedule (DIS) Disaster Supplement for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR) diagnoses, Impact of Events Scale-Revised (IES-R), Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), Distress and Functioning Scale (DAF), and General Physical Well-Being Scale.Results:Survivors had higher inflammatory IL-1β, lower anti-inflammatory IL-2R, lower cortisol, higher resting diastolic blood pressure (BP), and less cardiovascular reactivity to a trauma script than comparisons. Survivors’ mean posttraumatic stress (PTS) symptom levels did not differ from comparisons, but survivors reported worse well-being. None of survivors’ biomarkers correlated with PTS or depressive symptoms or diagnoses or reported functioning.Conclusions:Alterations of biological stress measures in cardiovascular, inflammatory, and cortisol systems coexisted as an apparent generalized long-term response to terrorism rather than related to specific gauges of mental health. Potential interactions of biomarkers long after trauma exposure is discussed considering relevant research. Longer-term follow-up could determine whether biomarkers continue to differ or correlate with subjective measures, or if they accompany health problems over time. Given recent international terrorism, understanding long-term sequelae among direct survivors is increasingly relevant.
‘Will my fingerprint be enough?’: secondary school students struggle to purchase a healthy, tasty and sustainable meal on the UK free school meal allowance
Authors: Mahdi Sundus , Connolly Annie , Doherty Bob , Bryant Maria 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objective:
Free school meals (FSM) are a crucial form of support for families. This study aimed to investigate whether the FSM allowance can provide what is perceived to be, healthy, sustainable and satisfying food.

Design:
A mixed methods study incorporating co-production, citizen science and participatory approaches was conducted. Citizen scientists were given a daily budget equivalent to the FSM allowance and asked to purchase a ‘tasty, healthy and sustainable’ school lunch for a week. Alongside keeping records of available and purchased foods, young people engaged in focus groups to capture information on perceptions of food offered and FSM allowance adequacy.

Setting:
Secondary schools in Yorkshire, UK.

Participants:
Citizen scientists (n 42) aged 11–15 years across seven schools.

Results:
Obstacles were faced in obtaining sustainable and healthful meals when restricted to an FSM allowance. Reasons included restrictions in what could be purchased due to costs, limitations in the use of allowances that restricted breaktime purchases leading to hunger, inadequate portion sizes, systemic barriers like hurried lunch breaks that encourage ‘grab and go’ options and broken water fountains that led students to purchase bottled drinks. Findings were reinforced by descriptive food record data.

Conclusions:
Our findings suggest that schools would benefit from national policies to address the lack of funding, infrastructure issues and capacity to support optimal provision of food to those on FSM as well as provide greater flexibility in how pupils use their allowance. Young people verified these findings, which they presented to policymakers at a parliamentary event.
Metamaterial based stepped microstrip line fed quad-band dual-sense circularly polarized slot antenna for wireless applications
Authors: Shankaraiah Pradeep Hattihalli , Shet Neelawar Shekar Vittal , Kandasamy Krishnamoorthy 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This research proposes a low-complexity, low-profile square-shaped quad-band dual-sense circularly polarized (CP) perturbed slot antenna with stepped microstrip feed for C-band radar and satellite applications. The proposed antenna is characterized by characteristic mode analysis. The proposed design has a square-shaped slot with diagonally opposite symmetric rectangular corner extensions. Multiband resonance is achieved by exciting the split ring resonator (SRR), cross strips and annular ring structure using the stepped microstrip line-fed slot radiator. The slot antenna and a metallic ring resonate at 1.64 and 8.2 GHz, respectively, showing left-hand circular polarization response, whereas the SRR and cross strips resonate at 3.6 and 6.6 GHz, respectively, exhibiting right-hand circular polarization radiation at these resonance bands. Hence, the proposed design shows quad-band performance with dual-sense CP behavior. Furthermore, the proposed antenna allows for independent tuning of polarization sense at resonance frequencies. The proposed design uses a low-cost FR-4 material as a substrate of dimensions 60 × 60 × 1.6 mm3. The experimentally measured results are in close agreement with the simulated performance parameters of the prototype.
What Will the European Climate Look Like in the Future? A Climate Analog Analysis Accounting for Dependencies Between Variables
Authors: Bulut B. , Vrac M. , de Noblet‐Ducoudré N. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIncreasing the awareness of society about climate change by using a simplified way for the explanation of its impacts might be one of the key elements to adaptation and mitigation of its possible effects. This study investigates climate analogs, which allow the possibility to find, today, a place on land where climatic conditions are similar to those that a specific area will face in the future. The grid‐based calculation of analogs over the selected European domain was carried out using a newly proposed distance between multivariate distributions, the Wasserstein distance, that has never been used so far for climate analog calculations. By working on the whole multivariate distributions, the Wasserstein distance allows us to account for dependencies between the variables of interest and for the shape of their distribution. Its features are compared with the Euclidean and the Mahalanobis distances, which are the most used methods up to now. Multi‐model climate analogs analysis is achieved between the reference period 1981–2010 and three future periods 2011–2040, 2041–2070, and 2071–2100, for seasonal temperatures (mean, min, and max) and precipitation, from five different climate models and three different socio‐economic scenarios. The agreement between climate models in the location and degree of similarity of the best analogs decreases as warming intensifies and/or as time approaches the end of the century. As the climate warms, the similarity between future and current climatic conditions gradually decreases and the spatial (geographical) distance between a location and its best analog increases.
Multiomic quantification of the KRAS mutation dosage improves the preoperative prediction of survival and recurrence in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Yun Won-Gun , Kim Daeun , Han Youngmin , Kwon Wooil , Lee Seong-Geun , Jang Jin-Young , Park Daechan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Most cancer mutation profiling studies are laboratory-based and lack direct clinical application. For clinical use, it is necessary to focus on key genes and integrate them with relevant clinical variables. We aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of the dosage of the KRAS G12 mutation, a key pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) variant and to investigate the biological mechanism of the prognosis associated with the dosage of the KRAS G12 mutation. In this retrospective cohort study, we analyzed 193 surgically treated patients with PDAC between 2009 and 2016. RNA, whole-exome, and KRAS-targeted sequencing data were used to estimate the dosage of the KRAS G12 mutant. Our prognostic scoring system included the mutation dosage from targeted sequencing ( > 0.195, 1 point), maximal tumor diameter at preoperative imaging ( > 20 mm, 1 point), and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 levels ( > 150 U/mL, 1 point). The KRAS mutation dosage exhibited comparable performance with clinical variables for survival prediction. High KRAS mutation dosages activated the cell cycle, leading to high mutation rates and poor prognosis. According to prognostic scoring systems that integrate mutation dosage with clinical factors, patients with 0 points had superior median overall survival of 97.0 months and 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year overall survival rates of 95.8%, 70.8%, and 66.4%, respectively. In contrast, patients with 3 points had worse median overall survival of only 16.0 months and 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year overall survival rates of 65.2%, 8.7%, and 8.7%, respectively. The incorporation of the KRAS G12 mutation dosage variable into prognostic scoring systems can improve clinical variable-based survival prediction, highlighting the feasibility of an integrated scoring system with clinical significance.
Foundation dentists’ attitudes and experiences in providing dental care for dependant older adults resident in care home settings
Authors: Raison H. , Parsley H. , Shah Z. , Manangazira T. D. , Dailey Y. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Introduction
There is a continued increase of older dependant adults in England. Foundation Dentists (FDs) are often the dental workforce being tasked with providing dental care to dependant older adults resident in care home settings. This study explores whether FDs have the experience and confidence to deliver this.

Aim
This service evaluation aimed to explore FDs’ attitudes, perceptions and experiences delivering dentistry to dependant older adults’ resident in care home settings; to help inform workforce and service delivery planning.

Methods
All North West England (NW) FDs were invited to complete a semi-structured questionnaire at a regional study session. Results were analysed using descriptive and thematic analysis.

Results
There were 93 (80.1%) respondents, with the majority aged 20–24 years old (56, 60.2%), female (57, 61.3%) and with an United Kingdom undergraduate dental degree (88, 94.6%). Most respondents had no experience in delivering care in a care home setting at either undergraduate (85, 91.4%) or FD level (84, 90.3%). Only 14 respondents (15.1%) reported confidence to deliver dentistry in a care home setting.

Conclusion
To deliver dental care for dependant older adults resident in care home settings, FDs require additional training and clinical support. There is a need to review the undergraduate dental curriculum and NHS postgraduate training programmes to increase knowledge and skills for this vulnerable group.
Ultra-light antennas via charge programmed deposition additive manufacturing
Authors: Wang Zhen , Hensleigh Ryan , Xu Zhenpeng , Wang Junbo , Park James JuYoung , Papathanasopoulos Anastasios , Rahmat-Samii Yahya , (Rayne) Zheng Xiaoyu 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe demand for lightweight antennas in 5 G/6 G communication, wearables, and aerospace applications is rapidly growing. However, standard manufacturing techniques are limited in structural complexity and easy integration of multiple material classes. Here we introduce charge programmed multi-material additive manufacturing platform, offering unparalleled flexibility in antenna design and the capability for rapid printing of intricate antenna structures that are unprecedented or necessitate a series of fabrication routes. Demonstrating its potential, we present a transmitarray antenna composed of an interconnected, multi-layered array of dielectric/conductive S-ring unit cells, reducing 94% mass of conventional antenna configurations. A fully printed circular polarized transmitarray system fed by a source and a Risley prism antenna system operating at 19 GHz both show close alignment between testing results and numerical simulations. This printing method establishes a universal platform, propelling discovery of new antenna designs and enabling data-driven design and optimizations where rapid production of antenna designs is crucial.
Explainable artificial intelligence to identify follicles that optimize clinical outcomes during assisted conception
Authors: Hanassab Simon , Nelson Scott M. , Akbarov Artur , Yeung Arthur C. , Hramyka Artsiom , Alhamwi Toulin , Salim Rehan , Comninos Alexander N. , Trew Geoffrey H. , Kelsey Tom W. , Heinis Thomas , Dhillo Waljit S. , Abbara Ali 
Published: January 2025

AbstractInfertility affects one-in-six couples, often necessitating in vitro fertilization treatment (IVF). IVF generates complex data, which can challenge the utilization of the full richness of data during decision-making, leading to reliance on simple ‘rules-of-thumb’. Machine learning techniques are well-suited to analyzing complex data to provide data-driven recommendations to improve decision-making. In this multi-center study (n = 19,082 treatment-naive female patients), including 11 European IVF centers, we harnessed explainable artificial intelligence to identify follicle sizes that contribute most to relevant downstream clinical outcomes. We found that intermediately-sized follicles were most important to the number of mature oocytes subsequently retrieved. Maximizing this proportion of follicles by the end of ovarian stimulation was associated with improved live birth rates. Our data suggests that larger mean follicle sizes, especially those >18 mm, were associated with premature progesterone elevation by the end of ovarian stimulation and a negative impact on live birth rates with fresh embryo transfer. These data highlight the potential of computer technologies to aid in the personalization of IVF to optimize clinical outcomes pending future prospective validation.
Predicting cell morphological responses to perturbations using generative modeling
Authors: Palma Alessandro , Theis Fabian J. , Lotfollahi Mohammad 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAdvancements in high-throughput screenings enable the exploration of rich phenotypic readouts through high-content microscopy, expediting the development of phenotype-based drug discovery. However, analyzing large and complex high-content imaging screenings remains challenging due to incomplete sampling of perturbations and the presence of technical variations between experiments. To tackle these shortcomings, we present IMage Perturbation Autoencoder (IMPA), a generative style-transfer model predicting morphological changes of perturbations across genetic and chemical interventions. We show that IMPA accurately captures morphological and population-level changes of both seen and unseen perturbations on breast cancer and osteosarcoma cells. Additionally, IMPA accounts for batch effects and can model perturbations across various sources of technical variation, further enhancing its robustness in diverse experimental conditions. With the increasing availability of large-scale high-content imaging screens generated by academic and industrial consortia, we envision that IMPA will facilitate the analysis of microscopy data and enable efficient experimental design via in-silico perturbation prediction.
Triacylglycerol mobilization underpins mitochondrial stress recovery
Authors: Baker Zakery N. , Zhu Yunyun , Guerra Rachel M. , Smith Andrew J. , Arra Aline , Serrano Lia R. , Overmyer Katherine A. , Mukherji Shankar , Craig Elizabeth A. , Coon Joshua J. , Pagliarini David J. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Mitochondria are central to myriad biochemical processes, and thus even their moderate impairment could have drastic cellular consequences if not rectified. Here, to explore cellular strategies for surmounting mitochondrial stress, we conducted a series of chemical and genetic perturbations to Saccharomyces cerevisiae and analysed the cellular responses using deep multiomic mass spectrometry profiling. We discovered that mobilization of lipid droplet triacylglycerol stores was necessary for strains to mount a successful recovery response. In particular, acyl chains from these stores were liberated by triacylglycerol lipases and used to fuel biosynthesis of the quintessential mitochondrial membrane lipid cardiolipin to support new mitochondrial biogenesis. We demonstrate that a comparable recovery pathway exists in mammalian cells, which fail to recover from doxycycline treatment when lacking the ATGL lipase. Collectively, our work reveals a key component of mitochondrial stress recovery and offers a rich resource for further exploration of the broad cellular responses to mitochondrial dysfunction.
Spin-wave-mediated mutual synchronization and phase tuning in spin Hall nano-oscillators
Authors: Kumar Akash , Chaurasiya Avinash Kumar , González Victor H. , Behera Nilamani , Alemán Ademir , Khymyn Roman , Awad Ahmad A. , Åkerman Johan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Spin–orbit torque can drive auto-oscillations of propagating spin-wave modes in nano-constriction spin Hall nano-oscillators. These modes facilitate both long-range coupling and the possibility of controlling their phase, which is a crucial aspect for device application. Here, we demonstrate variable-phase coupling between two nano-constriction spin Hall nano-oscillators and their mutual synchronization driven by propagating spin waves. Using electrical measurements and phase-resolved micro-focused Brillouin light scattering microscopy, we show that the phase of the mutual synchronization can be tuned by modulating the drive current or the applied field. Our micromagnetic simulations explore the phase tunability using voltage gating. Our results advance the capabilities of mutually synchronized spin Hall nano-oscillators and open the possibilities for applications in spin-wave logic-based devices.