bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feasibility and Outcomes of Mitral Transcatheter Edge‐To‐Edge Repair in Patients With Variable Degrees of Mitral Annular Calcification
Authors: Hatab Taha , Bou Chaaya Rody G. , Zaid Syed , Wessly Priscilla , Satish Priyanka , Villanueva Victoria , Faza Nadeen , Little Stephen H. , Atkins Marvin D. , Reardon Michael J. , Kleiman Neal S. , Zoghbi William A. , Goel Sachin S. 
Published: September 2023

Background
The clinical significance of mitral annular calcification (MAC) in patients undergoing mitral transcatheter edge‐to‐edge repair is not well understood. There is limited evidence regarding the feasibility, durability of repair, and the prognostic value of MAC in this population. We sought to examine the prognostic value of MAC, its severity, and its impact on procedural success and durability of mitral transcatheter edge‐to‐edge repair.

Methods and Results

We reviewed the records of 280 patients with moderate–severe or severe mitral regurgitation who underwent mitral transcatheter edge‐to‐edge repair with MitraClip from March 2014 to March 2022. The primary end point was cumulative survival at 1 year. Independent factors associated with the primary end point were identified using multivariable Cox regression. Among 280 patients included in the final analysis, 249 had none/mild MAC, and 31 had moderate/severe MAC. Median follow‐up was 23.1 months (interquartile range: 11.1–40.4). Procedural success was comparable in the MAC and non‐MAC groups (92.6% versus 91.4%,
P
=0.79) with similar rates of residual mitral regurgitation ≤2 at 1 year (86.7% versus 93.2%,
P
=0.55). Moderate/severe MAC was associated with less improvement in New York Heart Association III/IV at 30 days when compared with none/mild MAC (45.8% versus 14.3%,
P
=0.001). The moderate/severe MAC group had lower cumulative 1‐year survival (56.8% versus 80.0%, hazard ratio [HR], 1.98 [95% CI, 1.27–3.10],
P
=0.002). Moderate/severe MAC and Society of Thoracic Surgeons predicted risk of mortality for mitral valve repair were independently associated with the primary end point (HR, 2.20 [1.10–4.41],
P
=0.02; and HR, 1.014 [1.006–1.078],
P
=0.02, respectively).

Conclusions
Mitral TEER is a safe and feasible intervention in selected patients with significant MAC and associated with similar mitral regurgitation reduction at 1 year compared with patients with none/mild MAC. Patients with moderate/severe MAC had a high 1‐year mortality and less improvement in their symptoms after TEER.
On Internal Merge
Authors: Steedman Mark 
Published: September 2023

The rule Move, used in various forms in generative grammars to capture displacement or discontinuous constituency, has recently been talked of as an ‘internal’ version of Merge, the operation of simple node or set formation. Internal Merge ‘reconstructs’ the displaced element in its original argument-structural position at the level of logical form via a ‘copy,’ to which it has been identical throughout the derivation. The article addresses the question of how Internal Merge can be formally reduced to standard or ‘external’ merger.
An account of discontinuity is proposed in which copies originate in the lexicon, as seems to be required by a strict interpretation of Chomsky’s (1995b) Inclusiveness Condition, where they can be thought of as binders and variables in lexical logical form. Merger is defined via a small number of type-dependent combinatory rules, which apply to strictly string-adjacent categories to monotonically project from the lexical array varieties of discontinuous dependencies that have been described in terms of various forms of movement, including ‘A,’ ‘Ā’, ‘remnant,’ ‘head,’ ‘parallel,’ ‘sideward,’ ‘covert,’ ‘roll-up,’ and ‘late merger,’ without any attendant constraints other than those projected from lexical categories by merger itself. The analysis extends to a plethora of other discontinuous operations that have been proposed in addition to or instead of Move, including Agree, Label, Transfer, and Delete, all of which are replaced by synchronous monotonic merger of logical form and phonological form of strictly contiguous categories.
International Investment Law and Climate Change: Reframing the ISDS Reform Agenda
Authors: Cotula Lorenzo 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Ongoing investment law reform processes take the investment treaty system as the starting point. While this can generate actionable reform options, it also entrenches ‘path dependency’ and forecloses space for more foundational questions. This article argues that, in the context of climate change, effective reform requires re-embedding debates within a policy space that places climate at its centre. The argument entails recognising: (i) climate change as a comprehensive ecological, economic and social challenge; (ii) the preferential nature of the protections investment treaties establish for foreign investment; and (iii) the structural misalignments that exist between this legal regime and climate action. It also involves interrogating the normative considerations invoked to justify investment protection treaties. The findings highlight the need to reorient collective reflection towards designing reforms that – rather than address narrowly defined concerns within the current system – develop a new system that can respond to 21st century challenges.
Local Communities, Indigenous Peoples, and Reform/Redefinition of International Investment Law
Authors: Odumosu-Ayanu Ibironke T. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Calls to rethink international investment law (IIL) are not new. Yet, current reform efforts have been largely moderate undertakings that do not challenge the underlying rationale and structure of IIL, which have significant implications for local communities and Indigenous peoples. This article argues that while some ongoing reforms may mitigate some challenges of IIL, they do not challenge IIL’s underlying rationale and structure which form the basis for most of the system’s legitimacy concerns. To effectively address IIL’s legitimacy concerns, it must move from moderate reform to perspectives that can foster redefinition of the system, and this requires a re-turn to IIL’s encounters with local communities and Indigenous peoples. The article presents and elucidates three principles that engage the transformative potential of the positions of local communities and Indigenous peoples and support redefinition of IIL – self-determination and agency, democratization, and a reconstructed investment law consciousness.
Elective Affinities: Papal and Regal Privileges for Mount Athos and the Holy Mountain’s Relationship with the Medieval West
Authors: Chitwood Zachary 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Though the self-presentation of the Holy Mountain as a bastion of Orthodoxy and implacable foe of church union is in some respects justified, popes and western rulers in fact played an important, and not always a hostile, role in the history of Mount Athos. Some of the founding figures of Athonite monasticism had Roman connections, and there were even periods in which the monasteries of Mount Athos sought the protection of popes and potentates from the West. While Athonite archives contain numerous charters stemming from Byzantine and other Orthodox rulers, and the monasteries’ vast Ottoman holdings have received increasing attention in recent years, charters issued by Latin Christian potentates and prelates have largely been overlooked. This contribution adds new information to previous studies of the relationship of Mount Athos with the Medieval West and applies the notion of interreligious founding to the Athonite context, attempting thereby to nuance the notion that Byzantine and Latin religious patronage operated in mutually exclusive spheres, even after the so-called “Great Schism” of 1054.
Towards a Broad Concept of Punctuation
Authors: Richter Matthias L. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This article proposes a typology of punctuation devices based on functional criteria. It argues that a broad concept of punctuation – including not only non-“alphanumeric” marks but also layout and spacing as well as script features – is needed to do justice to the diversity of material features of manuscripts and their changes over time.
On the Graphic Variants of Wei 為 in the Bamboo Slips and Bronze Bells from the Tomb of Marquis Yi of Zeng
Authors: Cheng Pengwan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Among the written sources discovered from the tomb of the Marquis Yi of Zeng 曾侯 乙墓, the character wei 為 distinguishes itself for its potential to reflect the difference of scribes/copyists through its graphic variations. This article attempts to use the different variations of wei on bamboo slips and bronze inscriptions to investigate the relationship between scribes/copyists of these two media. This article proposes that the scribes/copyists who produced the same variation of wei on bamboo slips and bronze inscriptions belonged to one school of scribes.
Pragmatic Consequences of Language Shift: A Contrastive Study of Politeness Marker Loss in Northern Ryukyuan
Authors: van der Lubbe Gijs , Tsutsui Billins Martha , Heinrich Patrick 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This paper analyses the loss of politeness markers across three generations in the Ryukyuan Islands of Japan. Honorific registers are first lost in endangered languages, and last speakers of an endangered language often state that they avoid using the language to semi-speakers because they do not use polite registers. We give an overview of language endangerment, analyse how individuals reflect on politeness markers, and how language loss and the awareness thereof manifest in language use. We find that the loss of politeness markers does not result in an affront to convention and social order. Japanese, the replacing language, is employed to construct social orders. Linguistically constructed orders in Japanese are different from those in Ryukyuan. In one of the two communities studied, politeness markers no longer function to construct social hierarchies but serve as a ‘we-code’ among locals. The experience of language endangerment works here as a social levelling mechanism.
8. A39 Into 1986: The State of Things
Authors: Farmer Paul 
Published: September 2023

A39 enacts ‘point of action’ socialism: the conditions of Thatcher’s Britain means that every day is a crisis for a socialist and the members share experiences of the organised Left that render us wary of its shortcomings and pitfalls. A39 makes decisions by consensus. We insist on the right to communicate and to create, not just for us but for everyone. Art is where we can postulate our predictions and our prayers for the achievement of all that humans might be. Theatre too is for everyone, a fundamental aspect of human communication: we find ourselves in demand to work with people with learning difficulties, often through Artshare Cornwall.
We form links with other Cornish theatre companies in the form of the Cornwall Theatre Alliance. At first this feels like a somewhat uneasy truce. Footsbarn Theatre’s departure for Europe has left a creative vacancy: which company will be supported to fill it? It becomes apparent that we are witnessing the beginnings of the inexorable rise of Kneehigh Theatre. But the CTA sustains to mount two substantial festivals and is a context in which lots of misunderstandings can be re-understood and collaborations initiated. Later it will transmute into the Cornwall Theatre Umbrella with links to statutory provision.
Tweeting the Heat: An Analysis of the National Weather Service’s Approach to Extreme Heat Communication on Twitter
Authors: Olson Michele K. , Sutton Jeannette , Waugh Nicholas 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Heat communication interventions are an essential way that public safety organizations can reduce extreme heat consequences for at-risk groups. Although the aim of these interventions is typically behavior change, these organizations commonly assume that providing information about heat risks, impacts, vulnerable populations, and protective actions will lead individuals to protect themselves. However, behavior change is a complex process whereby messages must be crafted in ways that increase their persuasive effects. To examine the extent to which key assumptions about behavior change are present in public safety organizations’ heat communication interventions, we examine 250 heat-related tweets sent by seven National Weather Service (NWS) weather forecast offices (WFOs) in 2021. We find that these NWS WFOs use technical language or “jargon” to communicate about heat risks and impacts. In addition, we find that information about vulnerable populations and protective actions is not presented in a way that conforms to theory on behavior change. Based on these results, we offer recommendations to increase the persuasiveness of NWS WFO communication interventions that encourage the public to protect themselves during extreme heat events.

Significance Statement
Heat is the leading cause of death among all weather-related hazards. How heat is communicated to the public can help mitigate heat-related morbidity and mortality. However, heat communication interventions are often developed with several embedded assumptions about behavior change that negatively impact their effectiveness. By examining how a key public safety organization communicates about heat on social media, and the extent to which these assumptions are present, we offer recommendations to increase the persuasiveness of NWS heat communication on social media.
Dementia Simulation for Family Caregivers of Persons With Dementia: A Scoping Review
Authors: Karana Zina , Paun Olimpia 
Published: September 2023

Background: Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias are becoming increasingly prevalent worldwide. Persons with dementia receive substantial assistance from family caregivers over extended periods of time. Family caregivers of persons with dementia are twice as likely to report physical, emotional, and financial challenges related to caregiving compared with other types of family caregivers. Empathy has been demonstrated to improve caregivers’ quality of life and their relationships with care recipients. Objective: This scoping review examines the current literature on the effects of dementia simulation on empathy levels in family caregivers of persons with dementia. Methods: A librarian-assisted search of 4 databases—PubMed, CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), PsycINFO, and Scopus—was conducted. Key terms included “dementia,” “family caregivers,” and “simulation.” To broaden reference retrieval, “empathy” was not used as a key term but remained an inclusion criterion during reference screening. Data extraction of relevant references was completed. Results: The search yielded 212 citations. Seven eligible dementia simulation studies were identified, including 1 randomized controlled trial, 3 quasi-experimental studies, and 3 qualitative research studies. Only 3 of the 7 studies focused specifically on family caregivers of persons with dementia. Conclusions: Qualitative data supported increased empathy in family caregivers, but quantitative findings on changes in empathy levels were inconclusive. Further research using quantitative or mixed-methods designs is necessary to support benefits of simulation on empathy for family caregivers of persons with dementia.
The impact of teleneonatology on the Transport Risk Index of Physiologic Stability score for outborn neonates: A prospective, observational study
Authors: Patel Rahul K , Kreofsky Beth L , Hentz Roland C , Fang Jennifer L 
Published: September 2023

Introduction Teleneonatology (TN) allows neonatologists to use real-time, audio–video telemedicine to manage critically ill neonates located in community hospitals (CHs). The California Transport Risk Index of Physiologic Stability (Ca-TRIPS) score is a validated metric that predicts the risk of 7-day mortality for neonates undergoing medical transport. We hypothesized that neonates born in CHs who received TN consults would have lower (better) Ca-TRIPS scores upon arrival of the transport team than those who did not. Methods Neonates born in CHs between 8 December 2018 and 31 July 2022 who were transported to the neonatal intensive care unit were screened for eligibility. TN was available at 50% (12/24) of CHs, where care teams decided when to activate the service. Study data were abstracted from the electronic health record and used to calculate Ca-TRIPS scores. Scores were evaluated using zero-inflated negative binomial regression. Results Forty-two percent (161/385) of neonates received a TN consult. Neonates that received TN had lower birth weight, gestational age, and Apgar scores and were more often admitted with respiratory distress syndrome and respiratory failure. Neonates who received TN were less likely to have a Ca-TRIPS score of zero (odds ratio 0.51; 95% confidence interval 0.33, 0.78). When adjusted for baseline characteristics, this difference was no longer significant. Non-zero Ca-TRIPS scores were not different between groups. Discussion In this observational study, neonates that received TN did not have lower (better) Ca-TRIPS scores. Findings may be limited by confounding bias given between-group differences in baseline patient characteristics. Randomized studies are needed to determine whether TN impacts the physiologic stability of neonates requiring medical transport.
Trapped: Experiences of unpaid carers of clinically vulnerable people “shielding” during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic
Authors: Burrows Daniel , Lyttleton-Smith Jen , Sheehan Lucy , Jones Siôn , Kyle Richard 
Published: September 2023

Summary Unpaid carers were profoundly impacted by the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic and public health responses. In the UK, in March 2020, people identified as clinically extremely vulnerable and their household members were advised to “shield” for an initial 12-week period, which meant minimizing all contacts from outside the household and not leaving the house at all, unless in an emergency. In a modified form, shielding guidance remained in place until August 2020 and was reinstituted from December 2020 until April 1, 2021. This article, reporting on qualitative interviews with 47 unpaid carers in Wales, thematically analyzed using a coding framework, explores the experiences of unpaid carers affected by this shielding guidance and their wider implications for social work with unpaid carers in the future. Findings Participants in our study described ways in which their caring role expanded, due to the need to provide additional practical and emotional support for loved ones who were shielding, and who lost access to other avenues of support. Some also described their caring role as becoming more involved and complex due to the declining health or self-care capacity of the person cared-for as a direct consequence of shielding restrictions. Alongside the increase in their caring responsibilities, carers reported losing access to important avenues of support for their own well-being. Applications We draw on ecological systems theory to highlight the importance during care planning and management of exploring the carer's mesosystem to identify and optimize sustaining forces, and of attending to the microsystem involving the carer and person cared-for.
The Relationship Between the Global Limb Anatomic Staging System and Midterm Outcomes of Subintimal Angioplasty of Superficial Femoral Artery Atherosclerotic Disease in Chronic Limb Threatening Ischemia
Authors: Shahat Mohammed , Atalla Khaled , Abdelmonem Mostafa , Khairy Ahmed 
Published: September 2023

Background: Superficial femoral artery (SFA) is commonly affected with atherosclerotic peripheral arterial disease leading to chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI). Subinitimal angioplasty (SIA) is a minimally invasive option. We aimed to examine the relationship between the Global Limb Anatomic Staging System and SIA midterm limb and survival-related outcomes. Method: A prospective observational study was conducted on all patients with CLTI (Rutherford 4–6 or WIFI stages 2–4), with diseased femoropopliteal segment underwent SIA from August 2020 to September 2021. Patients with non-atherosclerotic SFA occlusion and those requiring primary major amputation were excluded. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression was performed to assess possible predictors of midterm clinical outcomes. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to estimate limb-based patency (LBP), limb salvage, amputation-free survival (AFS), and overall survival. Results: The study included 138 patients with CLTI due to chronic total occlusion of the SFA and underwent SIA ± treatment of associated ipsilateral hemodynamically significant inflow/outflow disease. Primary technical success was achieved in 116 cases (84%), with primary patency at 1, 6, and 12 months being 100%, 84%, and 79% respectively, while the limb-salvage rate at 6 and 12 months was 100% and 94%, respectively. The result of the comparison between CLASS 1 and Global Limb Anatomic Staging System III (GLASS III) revealed significantly worse patency with GLASS III (p=0.005), and better overall survival (p=0.037), limb salvage (p=0.021), and AFS (p<0.001) with GLASS I. Conclusion: Subinitimal angioplasty is a safe, effective, and minimally invasive treatment option for lengthy SFA lesions by avoiding the patients’ anesthesia and operative risk. Our study suggests that the GLASS stage may be a useful predictor of midterm limb and survival-related outcomes of this approach. GLASS III anatomy in comparison with GLASS I is associated with a statistically significantly worse LBP, limb salvage, AFS, and overall survival. Clinical Impact This study is discussing a very hot interesting challenging topic in vascular surgery and its management as SFA atherosclerotic lesion is the most common lesion faced by vascular surgeons subintimal angioplasty SIA is considered feasible and effective method in dealing with this lesion with accepted durability and lower rates of complications.The subintimal angioplasty is made by opening an extraluminal track behind the intimal layer and between the media and intima of the artery surrounding atherosclerotic plaque and thrombus. Hence, the track has a low thrombus or plaque burden content, making the SIA easier than intraluminal angioplasty and with comparable results. GLASS stage III was an independent predictor of loss of LBP, worse AFS, and major amputation.
A human genome editing–based MLL::AF4 ALL model recapitulates key cellular and molecular leukemogenic features
Authors: Bueno Clara , Torres-Ruiz Raul , Velasco-Hernandez Talia , Molina Oscar , Petazzi Paolo , Martinez Alba , Rodriguez Virginia , Vinyoles Meritxell , Cantilena Sandra , Williams Owen , Vega-Garcia Nerea , Rodriguez-Perales Sandra , Segovia Jose C. , Quintana-Bustamante Oscar , Roy Anindita , Meyer Claus , Marschalek Rolf , Smith Alastair L. , Milne Thomas A. , Fraga Mario F. , Tejedor Juan Ramón , Menéndez Pablo 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Cellular ontogeny and MLL breakpoint site influence the capacity of MLL-edited CD34+ hematopoietic cells to initiate and recapitulate infant patients' features in pro–B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). We provide key insights into the leukemogenic determinants of MLL-AF4+ infant B-ALL.