bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DNA damage response (DDR) variants and effects on the tumor transcriptome and microenvironment in east Asian (EA) prostate cancers (PCa).
Authors: Hong Boon Hao , Hakansson Alexander K. , Ong Enya , Chow Wen Min , Tay Kae-Jack , Tuan Jeffrey K.L. , Wang Michael L.C. , Lee Lui Shiong , Kanesvaran Ravindran , Liu Yang , Davicioni Elai , Khor Li Yan , Chua Melvin Lee Kiang 
Published: August 2023

75 Background: Aberrations of the DDR pathway have been shown to be prognostic of survival and predictive of PARP inhibition in PCa. We have previously reported on the prevalence of germline DDR mutations based on a 32-gene set in localized PCa in EA men, and observed comparable rates with that of White men. Here, we performed additional analyses investigating for associations between DDR variants to the somatic transcriptome of localized PCa. Methods: We utilized a prospectively recruited cohort of 172 EA patients, with centrally assessed Gleason’s score (GS) by an expert pathologist. Germline profiling was performed by whole exome sequencing (100X) using the Illumina Novaseq (CA). Joint genotyping was performed to annotate variants that were deemed to be pathogenic (P)/likely pathogenic (LP)/conflict of interest pathogenic (CIP) based on the CADD and REVEL scores. Tumor transcriptome was profiled using the Decipher Genomic Classifier (GC, Veracyte, CA) based on the Affymetrix ST array (ThermoFisher, CA). Results: Among the subset of 172 EA men, we observed DDR variants in 26 (15%) patients, which was comparable to the larger cohort of 890 men from the same institution. Among the DDR mutations, 2 (7.7%) were classified as P/LP, while 24 (92.3%) were CIP. Decipher GC scores were comparable between patients with and without DDR mutations (median GC score 0.87 vs 0.53, Mann-Whitney U P=0.10). For luminal-basal subtyping by either the PAM50 and Prostate specific subtyping models, we did not observe a difference for the basal (P=0.48) and luminal subtypes (P=0.21). Interestingly, DNA repair gene-set expression were comparable between patients with DDR mutations versus those without (median score -0.2 vs -0.17). However, we observed microenvironment differences for immune-related genes, where patients harboring DDR mutations manifested a less immune-suppressive environment versus those without (PDL2: -0.15 vs 0.2; Treg: 0.09 vs 0.13; MDSC: 0.03 vs 0.07, respectively). Conclusions: Herein, we report an extension of our previous work (Lua, et al. ASCO GU, 2023), where we show potential linkages between the germline DDR variant status and the tumor transcriptome. Our findings suggest the influence of germline DDR variants that extends beyond tumorigenesis.
Outcomes using enfortumab vedotin for metastatic urothelial carcinoma stratified by prior response to immunotherapy: A single institution experience.
Authors: Wee Christopher Eing , Nizam Amanda , Ornstein Moshe Chaim , Gilligan Timothy D. , Chen Yanwen , Maroli Kimberly , Martin Allison , Bonham Amanda , Lynn David , Vyas Neil , Gupta Shilpa 
Published: August 2023

77 Background: Enfortumab vedotin (EV) is a preferred systemic therapy for patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC) who have already been treated with checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy (IO) +/- cytotoxic chemotherapy. We examined our institution’s experience using EV to treat mUC to determine whether prior-line IO response could predict subsequent clinical outcomes on EV. Methods: Patients treated with EV for mUC at our institution were reviewed. Patient characteristics were noted, including age, sex, primary site of disease, and prior lines of treatment for mUC. Clinical responses to IO and EV were defined by best response to that line of therapy; patients were deemed to have “initial benefit” to a line of therapy if their best response was complete response (CR), partial response (PR), or stable disease (SD). Patients were deemed to have “initial resistance” to a line of therapy if their best response was progression of disease (PD). Progression free survival (OS) and overall survival (OS) were calculated from time of EV start to progression/death or death, respectively. Results: Thirty-six patients treated with EV were identified, of whom 30 had received prior IO and were included in the final analysis. The median age at time of EV start was 69.5 years, 21/30 patients were male, and 19/30 had a primary site of bladder for their (mUC). Eighteen patients (60%) had initial resistance as their best response to IO, while only 12 (40%) had initial benefit as their best response to IO (before eventually being treated with EV in a subsequent line). There were no statistical differences in OS or PFS for patients treated with EV when stratifying by prior IO response (Table). Half (15/30) of the patients had initial benefit as best response to EV, while 9/30 patients had initial resistance, and 6/30 patients were not evaluable. There was no statistically significant association between response to EV (initial benefit vs initial resistance) and response to IO as assessed by Fisher’s exact test (p=0.4). Conclusions: Patients have similar clinical outcomes on EV regardless of their responses to prior-line IO therapy. [Table: see text]
Clinicopathological characteristics and oncological outcomes of three subtypes of neuroendocrine carcinoma of the cervix: A multicenter retrospective study of 288 patients in China.
Authors: Gu Yu , Xiang Yang 
Published: August 2023

87 Background: Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the cervix (NECC) is a rare pathological classification of cervical cancer, and is divided into small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (SCNEC), large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) and mixed neuroendocrine-non-neuroendocrine neoplasm (MiNEN). Present literature on NECC mainly focus on SCNEC, and the clinical features of LCNEC, especially MiNEN, are not well understood. Methods: A multicenter, retrospective study enrolled 288 patients. The primary outcomes were progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). The Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazard analysis were performed to determine risk factors of PFS and OS. Results: With a median follow up of 25 months, the 5-year PFS of NECC, SCNEC, LCNEC and MiNEN was 40.2%, 40.4%, 30.3%, and 41.6%, respectively; and the 5-year OS was 45.4%, 44.0%, 32.3%, and 50.3%. In the whole cohort, it showed that LVSI (HR=1.996, 95%CI:1.275~3.126, p=0.003) and >2/3 stromal invasion (HR=2.009, 95%CI:1.222~3.303, p=0.006) were independent risk factors of PFS; age>45 (HR=1.956, 95%CI: 1.170~3.272, p=0.011), LVSI (HR=1.722, 95%CI: 1.016~2.918, p=0.043) and >2/3 stromal invasion (HR=1.778, 95%CI: 1.024~3.087, p=0.041) were independent risk factors for OS. In patients undertaking surgery, it revealed that LVSI (HR=1.996, 95%CI:1.275~3.126, p=0.003) and NACT (HR=1.691, 95%CI: 1.040~2.748, p=0.034) were independent risk factors, and that adjuvant chemoradiotherapy was an independent protective factor of PFS (HR=0.201, 95%CI: 0.103~0.428, p<0.001); age>42 (HR=2.377, 95%CI: 1.417~3.986, p=0.001) and LVSI (HR=2.450, 95%CI: 1.388~4.324, p=0.002) were independent risk factors of OS, and that adjuvant chemoradiotherapy was an independent protective factor of OS (HR=0.175, 95%CI: 0.079~0.388, p<0.001). Conclusions: This multicenter retrospective study first focused on three pathological subtypes of NECC including SCNEC, LCNEC and MiNEN. Patients with MiNEN did not have better prognosis, compared to patients with SCNEC and LCNEC at the same stage. LVSI and >2/3 stromal invasion and adjuvant chemoradiotherapy are prognostic factors for PFS; age, LVSI, and >2/3 stromal invasion and adjuvant chemoradiotherapy are prognostic factors for OS in patients with NECC. [Table: see text]
Precocious Puberty Diagnoses Spike, COVID-19 Pandemic, and Body Mass Index: Findings From a 4-year Study
Authors: Fava Daniela , Pepino Carlotta , Tosto Valentina , Gastaldi Roberto , Pepe Alessia , Paoloni Dalila , Strati Marina Francesca , Angelelli Alessia , Calandrino Andrea , Tedesco Caterina , Camia Tiziana , Allegri Anna Elsa Maria , Patti Giuseppa , Casalini Emilio , Bassi Marta , Calevo Maria Grazia , Napoli Flavia , Maghnie Mohamad 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Context
Since the COVID-19 outbreak, the number of girls with suspected precocious puberty has increased.

Objective
To compare the incidence of idiopathic central precocious puberty (ICPP) during COVID-19 with that of the previous 4 years.

Methods
Anthropometric, biochemical, and radiological parameters were collected between January 2016 and June 2021 from 133 girls who met the Rapidly Progressive ICPP criteria (RP-ICPP).

Results
We found a higher incidence of RP-ICPP between March 2020 and June 2021 (group 2) compared with January 2016 through March 2020 (group 1) (53.5% vs 41.1%); 2021 showed the highest annual incidence (P &lt; .05). Group 1 and group 2 differed in age at diagnosis (7.96 ± 0.71 vs 7.61 ± 0.94; P &lt; .05), mean Tanner stage (2.86 ± 0.51 vs 2.64 ± 0; P &lt; .05), and in the time between the appearance of thelarche and diagnosis (0.93 ± 0.75 vs 0.71 ± 0.62 years, P &lt; .05). There was an increase in the number of girls aged &lt;8 years in group 2 and a significantly higher number of girls aged &gt;8 years was found in group 1 (42 in group 1 vs 20 in group 2, P &lt; 0.05). Overall body mass index SD score showed higher values ​​in group 2 (1.01 ± 1.23 vs 0.69 ± 1.15; P = .18), which spent an average of 1.94 ± 1.81 hours per day using electronic devices; 88.5% of this group stopped any physical activity.

Conclusions
A spike in new diagnoses of idiopathic (1.79-fold higher) and RP-CPP coincided with the COVID-19 pandemic. The incidence of RP-ICPP was 1.3-fold higher during COVID-19 with a trend toward an increase in body mass index SD score. The expanding use of digital devices and the reduction of daily physical activity represent possible risk factors.
On some Technical Applications of the Spectrum. Microscope
Authors: Sorby H. C. 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
My object in publishing the following paper is to show that the spectrum microscope may be applied with advantage in several departments of technical inquiry, and more especially to describe the methods useful in such investigations. Since these will be much more readily understood by means of practical illustrations, I shall not make many general introductory remarks, but reserve an account of each particular process until I come to those practical questions which require its adoption.
Exploring Novel Synthetic Concepts and Strategies Using Mechanochemistry
Authors: Kubota Koji 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In the field of organic synthesis, a ball-milling synthetic technique has garnered significant attention in recent years as an eco-friendly and sustainable alternative to traditional solution-based methods. In addition to its environmental benefits, solid-state organic synthesis using mechanochemical protocols enables access to novel areas of chemical space that are unavailable by conventional solution-based reactions. In this context, we are interested in designing and developing new organic transformations based on the unique solid-state reaction environment and the use of mechanical forces in a ball mill. In this Account, we highlight our latest findings concerning the creation of novel synthetic concepts and strategies. These approaches harness the distinctive reaction environment of mechanochemistry, rather than merely transferring well-established reactions from solution-based protocols to mechanochemical conditions.
Sodium Bicarbonate Ingestion in a Fasted State Improves 16.1-km Cycling Time-Trial Performance
Authors: LEACH NICHOLAS K. , HILTON NATHAN P. , TINNION DANIEL , DOBSON BEN , MCNAUGHTON LARS R. , SPARKS S. ANDY 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT

Purpose
The use of sodium bicarbonate (SB) as a preexercise ergogenic aid has been extensively studied in short-duration high-intensity exercise. Very few studies have considered the effects of SB ingestion before prolonged high-intensity exercise. The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of a 0.3 g·kg−1 body mass dose of SB ingested before the start of a 16.1-km cycling time trial in cyclists.

Method
Ten trained male cyclists (age, 31.1 ± 9 yr; height, 1.84 ± 0.05 m; body mass, 82.8 ± 8.5 kg; and V̇O2peak, 60.4 ± 3.1 mL·kg−1·min−1) completed this study. Participants ingested 0.3 g·kg−1 in gelatine (SB-G) and enteric capsules (SB-E) 1 wk apart to determine individualized time-to-peak alkalosis for each ingestion form. Using a randomized crossover design, participants then performed simulated 16.1-km time trials after ingestion of SB-G, SB-E, or a placebo.

Results
There were significant differences in performance between the SB and placebo ingestion strategies (f = 5.50, P = 0.014, pη
2 = 0.38). Performance time was significantly improved by SB ingestion (mean improvement: 34.4 ± 42.6 s (P = 0.031) and 40.4 ± 45.5 s (P = 0.020) for SB-G and SB-E, respectively) compared with the placebo. Gastrointestinal symptoms were lower after SB-E compared with SB-G (36.3 ± 4.5 vs 5.6 ± 3.1 AU, P < 0.001, g = 7.09).

Conclusions
This study demonstrates that increased buffering capacity after acute preexercise SB ingestion can improve endurance cycling time-trial performances. The use of SB could be considered for use in 16.1-km cycling time trials, but further work is required to establish these effects after a preexercise meal.
Sargassum sp. extract improve hematological profile of tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus)
Authors: Gazali Mohamad , Effendi Irwan , Husni Amir , Nurjanah Nurjanah , Wahyuni Sri , Kurniawan Ronal 
Published: August 2023

Background: Strategies to increase body resistance and prevent disease in aquaculture include using vaccines, antibiotics, and probiotics. Today, the use of antibiotics with natural ingredients is becoming a trend. One of the natural ingredients that contain high antioxidants and antibiotics is Sargassum sp. Methods: This research was conducted from March to May 2022 at the Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine, Universitas Riau, in two stages: 1) the sensitivity of extracts of Sargassum sp. and 2) the application of Sargassum sp. extract orally in tilapia (O. niloticus). The parameters measured were clear zone, minimum inhibitory concentration, LD50 test of leaf extract of Sargassum sp. in tilapia (O. niloticus), hemoglobin levels, hematocrit, total leukocytes, total erythrocytes, leukocyte differentiation, and survival rate. Data on hematology parameters were tabulated and analyzed using a One-Way ANOVA followed by a Student Newman Keuls (SNK) test when deemed necessary. Results: The results showed that the extract of Sargassum sp. inhibited the growth of Aeromonas hydrophila bacteria with a clear zone of 6.5-15.0 mm, which is classified as resistant. At doses of 2000, 2500, and 3000 ppm, it did not cause death in fish for 96 hours (LD50). Hematological parameters can be a sign of the health status of fish. Tilapia given Sargassum sp. in different doses gave an effect between treatments, both after 30 days of rearing and post-test against A. hydrophila bacteria (p<0.05). The results showed that the hematology of fish fed with Sargassum sp. extract was in the normal or healthy range. Healthy tilapia had erythrocyte counts ranging from 1.34-2.11×106 cells/mm3, hematocrit 26.17-33.19%, hemoglobin 6.26-11.2 g/dL and total leukocytes 1.01-1.50×104 cells/mm3 and total erythrocytes 5.88-9.13×104 cells/ mm3. Conclusions: A dose of 3000 ppm provided the highest health improvement against A. hydrophila bacterial infection.
Strategic Pricing in Volatile Markets
Authors: Gryglewicz Sebastian , Kolb Aaron 
Published: August 2023

Dynamic Strategic Pricing Firms use pricing strategically to influence entry and exit of competitors. A key form of strategic pricing is limit pricing, whereby a market incumbent sets low prices to deter a potential entrant. In practice, strategic pricing takes place in dynamic, stochastic environments: An incumbent that uses prices to signal unprofitable entry, in reality, has to do so repeatedly and under changing market conditions. In “Strategic Pricing in Volatile Markets,” Gryglewicz and Kolb study dynamic entry deterrence through limit pricing in markets subject to persistent demand shocks. The primary insight is that when the market is subject to persistent shocks, the incentive to signal disappears in some market conditions. In equilibrium, pricing and entry decisions exhibit path dependence, depending not only on the market’s current size, but also its historical minimum. When prices are used as signals to deter entry, prices can increase for strategic reasons over an interval of time during which demand falls.
Recurrent ventricular arrhythmia due to aconite intoxication successfully treated with landiolol: A case report
Authors: Matsuo Chiaki , Yamamoto Koji , Fukushima Hidetada , Yajima Daisuke , Inoue Hiroyuki 
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND
Ventricular arrhythmias, such as ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation, are the main causes of death in patients with aconite poisoning.
CASE SUMMARY
A 51-year-old man presented to our emergency department because he was vomiting after ingesting aconite root to attempt suicide. On arrival, the patient was hemodynamically unstable, and his electrocardiogram revealed polymorphic ventricular extrasystoles and non-sustained ventricular tachycardia. Amiodarone was immediately administered for ventricular arrhythmia. However, the patient remained unresponsive. We administered continuous intravenous landiolol as the ventricular arrhythmia worsened, gradually suppressing it. The patient returned to sinus rhythm 16 h after arriving at the hospital. Some aconitum alkaloids act on voltage-gated Na+- channels and induce ventricular or supraventricular tachyarrhythmias. Landiolol suppresses sympathetic nerve activity through its blocking effect, preventing arrhythmia.
CONCLUSION
Landiolol can be a therapeutic option for amiodarone-refractory ventricular arrhythmias caused by aconite intoxication.
Construction of a questionnaire based on the Health Action Process Approach for psycho-social cognitive determinants of parents in brushing children’s teeth in the Netherlands
Authors: van Nes Karin Alexandra , van der Ark L. Andries , van Loveren Cor , Aartman Irene Helena Adriana 
Published: August 2023

Background
The health action process approach (HAPA) model is promising to increase the frequency of brushing children’s teeth by parents to improve their children’s oral health. A validated HAPA questionnaire is needed as one of the measures of the effects of such an intervention.

Objectives
The aim of this study was to evaluate whether our data, based on a translated and adopted version of the Health Action Process Approach (HAPA)-based questionnaire on dental flossing, supported the constructs of the HAPA model. If so, a next aim was to assess whether these constructs could be measured reliably.

Methods
In this cross-sectional study, 269 questionnaires filled out in dental offices by parents of children 1–10 years old were analysed. Scale validation was performed according to the 6-step protocol of Dima, including Mokken scale analyses (MSA), graded response model (GRM), factor analyses and reliability measures. Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated to identify divergent validity and test-retest reliability.

Results
MSA showed a unidimensional, medium total scale. Three items were removed based on this analysis. The total scale with the remaining 26 items did not fit the GRM. Factor analysis extracted five factors and two components for the total scale. The separate subscales, except the ‘intention’ construct, fitted the MSA and did not fit the GRM. The data fitted a seven-factor model better than a one-factor model. Reliability measures varied from acceptable to excellent, but were poor for ‘action control’. Test-retest reliability (r’s 0.60–0.83) was questionable to good.

Conclusion
Our results did not fully support the constructs of the HAPA model. To support the HAPA constructs, modification to the subscales risk perceptions, intention, action planning, action control and self-reported behaviour are suggested. With these adjustments, the reliability and validity of the questionnaire could be significantly improved”.
Substance use, psychiatric symptoms, personal mastery, and social support among COVID-19 long haulers: A compensatory model
Authors: Tam Cheuk Chi , Qiao Shan , Garrett Camryn , Zhang Ran , Aghaei Atefeh , Aggarwal Abhishek , Litwin Alain H. , Li Xiaoming 
Published: August 2023

Background
Substance use has become a critical health concern during the COVID-19 pandemic, and emerging attention has been paid to people with the persistent symptoms of COVID-19 (COVID-19 long haulers) due to their high vulnerability. However, scant research has investigated their substance use and relevant psychosocial factors. The current study was to (1) examine substance use behaviors (i.e., legal drug use, illicit drug use, and non-medical use of prescription drugs); and (2) assessed their associations with psychiatric symptoms (i.e., depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder) and psychosocial factors (i.e., personal mastery and social support) among COVID-19 long haulers.

Methods
In January–March 2022, 460 COVID-19 long haulers (50% female), with an average age of 32, completed online surveys regarding their demographics, substance use, psychiatric symptoms, and psychosocial factors.

Results
In the past three months, the most commonly used or non-medically used substances were tobacco (82%) for legal drugs, cocaine (53%) for illicit drugs, and prescription opioids (67%) for prescription drugs. Structural equation modeling suggested that psychiatric symptoms were positively associated with substance use behaviors (βs = 0.38 to .68, ps < 0.001), while psychosocial factors were negatively associated with substance use behaviors (βs = -0.61 to -0.43, ps < 0.001).

Conclusion
Substance use is common in COVID-19 long haulers and psychiatric symptoms are the risk factors. Personal mastery and social support appear to offer protection offsetting the psychiatric influences. Substance use prevention and mental health services for COVID-19 long haulers should attend to personal mastery and social support.