bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel extracorporeal treatment for severe neonatal jaundice: A mathematical modelling study of allo-hemodialysis
Authors: Maheshwari@rriny.com Vaibhav , de Ferris Maria Esther Díaz González , Filler Guido , Kotanki Peter 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background: Severe neonatal jaundice (SNJ) causes long-term neurocognitive impairment, cerebral palsy, auditory neuropathy, deafness, or death. We developed a mathematical model for allo-hemodialysis, a novel potential treatment for SNJ.
Methods: With allo-hemodialysis, the neonate’s blood flows through hollow fibers of a miniature 0.075m2 hemodialyzer, while the blood of a healthy adult (“buddy”) flows counter-currently through the dialysate compartment. Kinetics of unconjugated bilirubin in allo-hemodialysis were simulated with neonate blood flow rates of 12.5 and 15mL/min (for a 2.5kg and 3.5kg neonate, respectively), and 30mL/min for the buddy. We only simulated unconjugated bilirubin kinetics because the conjugated form is easily excreted and non-toxic. The bilirubin production rates in neonate and buddy were set to 6 and 3mg/kg/day, respectively. Neonatal bilirubin conjugation was set to zero. Buddy bilirubin conjugation rate was calculated to obtain normal steady state bilirubin levels.
Results: Model simulations suggest that a 6-hour allo-hemodialysis session can reduce neonatal bilirubin levels by more than 35% and that this modality is particularly effective in neonates with low serum albumin levels. Also, neonatal extracorporeal blood flow affects the bilirubin kinetics. Due to the high bilirubin conjugation capacity of an adult’s healthy liver and the larger distribution volume, the buddy’s bilirubin level increases only transiently during allo-hemodialysis.
Conclusions: Our modelling suggests that a single allo-hemodialysis session lowers neonatal unconjugated bilirubin levels effectively. If corroborated in ex-vivo, animal, and clinical studies, this bilirubin reduction could lower the risks associated with SNJ, especially kernicterus, and possibly avoiding the morbidity associated with exchange transfusions.
Intriguing Type-II g-GeC/AlN Bilayer Heterostructure for Photocatalytic Water Decomposition and Hydrogen Production
Authors: Ferdous Naim , Islam Md. Sherajul , Alam Md. Shahabul , Zamil Md. Yasir , Biney Jeshurun , Vatani Sareh , Park Jeongwon 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Adapting two-dimensional (2D) van der Walls bilayer heterostructure is an efficient technique for realizing fascinating properties and playing a key role in solar energy-driven water decomposition schemes. By means of first-principles calculations, this study reveals the intriguing potential of a novel 2D van der Walls hetero-bilayer consisting of GeC and AlN layer in the photocatalytic water splitting method to generate hydrogen. The GeC/AlN heterostructure has an appropriate band gap of 2.05 eV, wherein the band edges are in proper energetic positions to provoke the water redox reaction to generate hydrogen and oxygen. The type-II band alignment of the bilayer facilitates the real-space spontaneous separation of the photogenerated electrons and holes in the different layers, improving the photocatalytic activity significantly. Analysis of the electrostatic potential and the charge density difference unravels the build-up of an inherent electric field at the interface, preventing electron-hole recombination. The ample absorption spectrum of the bilayer from the ultra-violet to the near-infrared region, reaching up to 8.71\(\times\)105 /cm, combined with the resiliency to the biaxial strain, points out the excellent photocatalytic performance of the bilayer heterostructure. On top of rendering useful information on the key features of the GeC/AlN hetero-bilayer, the study offers informative details on the experimental design of the van der Walls bilayer heterostructure for solar-to-hydrogen conversion applications.
Wealth at Birth and its Effect on Child Academic Achievement
Authors: Kaestner Robert , Faundez Luis 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In this article, we examine the association between family wealth and academic achievement of children ages 5 to 12. We examine whether wealth prior to birth and at ages 4 or 5 affects child achievement during two periods of childhood, ages 5 to 8 and ages 9 to 12, for a large and relatively recent cohort of children. We also examine associations between different forms of wealth (e.g., home equity) and child achievement. Finally, we assess whether wealth prior to birth mediates racial/ethnic disparities in child achievement and disparities in achievement by maternal education/ability (AFQT). Results of our analysis indicate that overall wealth, either at birth or at ages 4 or 5, has no significant or economically important effect on child achievement test scores. We find limited evidence that wealth in the form of financial assets is positively associated with achievement test scores, particularly when measured at ages 4 or 5, but effect sizes are small. Consistent with the lack of significant associations between wealth and achievement test scores, we find that wealth does not mediate racial/ethnic disparities in achievement test scores or disparities in achievement test scores by maternal education/ability (AFQT).
JEL Codes: I21, I24
Triglyceride-Glucose Index as Predictor for Hypertension, CHD and STROKE Risk among non-Diabetic patients: A NHANES Cross-Sectional Study 2001-2020
Authors: Sawaf Bisher , Swed Sarya , Alibrahim Hidar , Bohsas Haidara , Dave Tirth , Nasif Mohamad Nour , Hafez Wael , Tashrifwala Fatema Ali Asgar , Jabban Yazan Khair Eldien , Al-Rassas Safwan , Saleh Heba haj , Zaidi Abdul Rehman Zia , Alghalyini Baraa , Mohamed shaymaa abdelmaboud , Mohamed Waleed Farouk , Farwati Amr , Seijari Mohammed Najdat , Battikh Naim , Robles-Velasco Karla , Cherrez-Ojeda Ivan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to investigate the association between the TyG index and the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD), congestive heart failure (CHF), heart attack (HA), stroke, and hypertension (HTN) among non-diabetic patients in the USA.
Methods
In this retrospective, cross-sectional study, we used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2001 to 2020. Our study sample comprised non-diabetic NHANES participants aged ≥ 18 years. To determine the sensitivity and specificity of the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index for predicting the onset of CHD, CHF, HA, stroke, and HTN, we conducted receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.
Results
A total of 10,937 non-diabetic individuals participated in our study. Individuals with a TyG index greater than 8.96 displayed noteworthy elevations in various parameters, including BMI, systolic/diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, LDL, and Apo-B levels (p < 0.001). Additionally, 360, 359, 385, 237, and 3254 patients were found to have CHD, stroke, HA, CHF, and HTN, respectively. We evaluated the predictive ability of the TyG index for each endpoint, obtaining the following area under the curve (AUC) values: 54.75% for CHF (95% CI: 0.542–0.614), 52.32% for stroke (95% CI: 0.529–0.584), 55.67% for HA (95% CI: 0.595–0.646), 55.59% for HTN (95% CI: 0.574–0.597), and 50.31% for CHD (95% CI: 0.592–0.646) (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
The TyG index showed a strong correlation with cardiovascular risk factors in nondiabetic individuals, suggesting its potential as a predictor of cardiovascular risk. However, its use as a standalone screening tool is limited because of its low predictive value.
Effects of College Students’ Sports Tourism on Leisure Satisfaction
Authors: Cho Dongwook 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Leisure, sports, and tourism have been significant economic drivers for the United States of America and other countries around the world. One demographic that participates in sports tourism is the college student. Understanding the leisure satisfaction of college students who participate in sports tourism can provide a different perspective on the field.
Method
In order to analze the data, a total of 331 college students responded to the survey by utilizing the convenient sampling method. However, 91 of them were removed from the analysis because they did not have any experience of sports tourism. Thus, a total of 240 college students filled out the leisure satisfaction survey (LSS). The Mann–Whitney U and Kruskal–Wallis nonparametric tests were utilized to examine the demographic characteristics, pre-event research on sports tourism destinations, and visiting of local attractions on the leisure satisfaction subscales in the psychological, educational, social, relaxation, physiological, and aesthetic categories.
Results
Female students who participated in sports tourism had a significantly higher level of leisure satisfaction (p < .05) than males on the LSS educational and aesthetic subscales. Those who visited additional attractions and used additional amenities while attending a sports tourism event had a significantly higher level of leisure satisfaction (p < .05) on the LSS subscales of educational, social, relaxation, and aesthetic satisfaction compared with those who did not. Those who did research on additional attractions and amenities before attending a sports tourism event had a significantly higher level of leisure satisfaction (p < .05) on all subscales except for the physiological category when compared with those who did not do such research.
Conclusions
It is vital to understand the leisure satisfaction of a tourist experience. Sports commissions and promoters need to make sure online information on additional amenities besides the sporting event can be easily found. The study’s findings suggest that promotion of the aesthetic, social, educational, and relaxing aspects of the tourism location could be a focus. Sports commissions and promoters need to make sure online information on additional amenities besides the sporting event can be easily found.
Parkinson’s disease increases coronary artery disease risk in elderly Korean patients: a population- based study
Authors: Yoon Bora , Kim Hwa Jung 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the association between Parkinson's disease (PD) and coronary artery disease (CAD) risk in elderly patients. Using the Korean National Health Insurance Service-Senior Cohort database (2002–2015), PD patients were matched with controls based on age, sex, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus (DM) in a 1:10 ratio. Incidence rates of CAD were observed, and a stratified Cox proportional-hazards regression model was utilized. The analysis included 101,838 participants (9,258 PD patients and 92,580 matched controls). The PD group showed an incidence rate of 66 per 1000 person-years, while the matched control group had 47 per 1000 person-years. After adjusting for age, sex, hypertension, and DM, the PD group exhibited an adjusted hazard ratio of 1.39 (95% confidence interval 1.34–1.45) for CAD compared to the matched controls. Subgroup analyses, stratified by age group, sex, and comorbidities, consistently revealed a significantly higher risk of CAD among PD patients than in the matched control groups. These findings suggest that PD increases the risk of CAD in Koreans, independent of age, sex, or the presence of other health conditions. making PD a potential independent risk factor for CAD.
Genome-wide Identification, characterization and evolutionary analysis of SNF1-related kinase 1 (SnRK1) and late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins gene family in Hordeum vulgare under drought stress
Authors: Maghraby Amaal , AlZalaty Mohamed 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

The SNF1-related kinase 1 (SnRK1) and late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins were identified, characterized and analyzed in H. vulgare. Results of qRT-PCR indicates the HvSnRK1 and HvLEA were up regulated with fold change 6.12 and 7.58, respectively under drought stress. Genome-wide analysis, were identified 13 SnRK1 and 7 LEA proteins in H. vulgare. Domain analysis confirmed the presence of the Protein kinase domain and LEA_4 on HvSnRK1 and HvLEA proteins, respectively. Motifs and genes structure analysis indicates, that genes with closer phylogenetic relationships exhibited more similar genetic structures. The most HvSnRK1 proteins were located in the cytoplasm whereas HvLEA proteins were located in the nucleus and mitochondria. 16 microRNAs were predicted against 7 HvSnRK1 genes whereas 1 microRNAs were predicted against 1 HvLEA gene. Predicted SnRK1 and LEA proteins models have a C-score range from − 0.75 and − 1.48 to -0.69 and − 0.20, respectively, which suggesting the structures of SnRK1 and LEA proteins are constructed with high accuracy. SnRK1 genes were found on chromosome 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5. LEA genes were found on chromosome 1, 3 and 4. Ka/Ks ratio were indicated that the SnRK1 and LEA genes were primarily influenced by purifying selection. Phylogenetic analysis were classified SnRK1 and LEA proteins into three clades for each one. Synteny analysis of SnRK1 and LEA proteins were have collinearity orthologous relationship in Z. mays. The gene ontology enrichment analysis were confirmed the functional role of SnRK1 and LEA as a stress responsive.
The impact of pre-operative cholecystostomy on laparoscopic excision of choledochal cyst in paediatric patients
Authors: Chung Patrick Ho Yu , Yeung Fanny , Ma Marco King In , Wong Kenneth Kak Yuen 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose This aim of this study was to identify the pre-operative risk factors for conversion during laparoscopic excision of choledochal cyst in paediatric patients.
Methods A retrospective single-centre study was carried out. All paediatric patients (<18 years) who underwent laparoscopic excision of choledochal cyst between 2004 to 2021 were reviewed. The outcome was conversion to open surgery and pre-operative factors that affected the conversion rate were analyzed.
Results Sixty-one patients were included. Conversion was required in 24 cases (39.3%). There was no difference in the conversion rate between the first (before 2012, n=30) and second (after 2012, n=31) half of the series (36.7% vs 42.0%, p=0.674). Majority was type 1 cyst (86.8%) and the median cyst size was 4.6 cm (IQR: 2.2 – 6.4 cm). Antenatal diagnosis was available in 18 patients (29.5%). The median age at operation was 23.0 months (IQR: 8.0 – 72.0 months). Pre-operatively, 19 patients (31.1%) suffered from cholangitis and 5 (8.2%) of them required cholecystostomy. Comparing patients with successful laparoscopic surgery (L) and converted cases (C), there were no differences in the age at operation (p=0.74), cyst size (p=0.35), availability of antenatal diagnosis (p=0.23) and cholangitic episodes (p=0.40). However, a higher percentage of patients required cholecystostomy in the converted group (L vs C = 2.7% vs 16.7%, p= 0.05). Using logistic regression analysis, it was also a risk factor for conversion (OR = 3.5 [1.37 – 5.21], p=0.05).
Conclusion Pre-operative cholecystostomy is associated with a higher chance of conversion during laparoscopic excision of choledochal cyst in children
Uncertainty measurement for complex event prediction in safety-critical systems
Authors: Peixoto Maria J. P. , Azim Akramul 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Complex events originate from other primitive events combined according to defined patterns and rules. Instead of using specialists' manual work to compose the model rules, we use machine learning (ML) to self-define these patterns and regulations based on incoming input data to produce the desired complex event. Complex events processing (CEP) uncertainty is critical for embedded and safety-critical systems. This paper exemplifies how we can measure uncertainty for the perception and prediction of events, encompassing embedded systems that can also be critical to safety. Then, we propose an approach (ML\_CP) incorporating ML and sensitivity analysis that verifies how the output varies according to each input parameter. Furthermore, our model also measures the uncertainty associated with the predicted complex event. Therefore, we use conformal prediction to build prediction intervals, as the model itself has uncertainties, and the data has noise. Also, we tested our approach with classification (binary and multi-level) and regression problems test cases. Finally, we present and discuss our results, which are very promising within our field of research and work.
Sigma-Delta Selective Harmonic Elimination in Cascaded H-Bridge Multilevel Inverters Using FPGA-Enabled Recurrent Neural Network-Newton Raphson Algorithm
Authors: Dakka Obulesu , Patthi Sridhar , Rao JVG Rama , Kumar Parveen 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Harmonics produce nonlinearity, compromising system stability. Numerical approaches are effective yet time-consuming for solving dynamic nonlinear harmonic issues. This paper suggests employing a mix of the Recurrent Neural Network and Newton-Raphson (RNN-NR) techniques to address nonlinear harmonic problems. Inspired by the brain, RNNs are powerful problem prediction and pattern modelling algorithms. RNNs are able to effectively handle newly collected inputs even in the absence of NR-based mathematical models. Harmonics can be eliminated by Sigma-Delta Selective Harmonic Elimination (SD-SHE) PWM, which is used by Cascaded H-Bridge Multilevel Inverters (CHB-MLI). SD-SHE PWM notches the cascaded multilevel inverter's output waveform at varying angles to decrease harmonics. The neural network is trained using the MATLAB RNN programme. To implement its stages, Xilinx Vivado transfers the RNN to a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). The nonlinearity problem is solved when the neural network is operated on an FPGA, and the design can be easily modified to meet the requirements of different applications.
Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Tongue
Authors: MAHALAKSHI A. L 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
BACKGROUND
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the tongue is the most common oral cancer. Most cases occur on the lateral border of the tongue and only very rarely on the dorsum. The most common type of tongue cancer is squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Squamous cells are the flat, skin-like cells that cover the lining of the mouth, nose, larynx, thyroid, and throat. Squamous cell carcinoma is the name for a cancer that starts in these cells. SCCs are classified according to the location where they appear, being frequently found in the skin, head and neck, esophagus, lung, cervix, and more rarely in the pancreas, thyroid, bladder, and prostate 1. This case report highly suggests that poor nutritional status and lifestyle habits (Tobacco chewing) will have a major impact on the health status of the individual.
Case Presentation
We present the case of a 45-year aged Woman who was referred to the oncology department for the examination of an oral ulcer. The MRI -Neck Contrast report of the client reveals that Symmetry between, both sides of the tongue, and the lesion are in the anterior 2/3rd posterior, and 1/3rd and left lateral border of the tongue. Now admitted for further management of the condition. This case report explains about the oral ulcer associated with the oral intake of tobacco chewing products, is a major factor to develop oral & tongue cancer. The following investigations revealed the diagnosis of cancer tongue which is always associated with a high intake of tobacco consumption which indicates the poor lifestyle habit. LSH of tobacco consumption has developed an oral ulcer in the lateral side of the tongue developing ulcers with complaints of pain in the tongue.
Conclusion:
We herein report a Squamous cell Carcinoma of Tongue associated with Tobacco Chewing
Understanding User Intent Modeling for Conversational Recommender Systems: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Farshidi Siamak , Rezaee Kiyan , Mazaheri Sara , Rahimi Amir Hossein , Dadashzadeh Ali , Ziabakhsh Morteza , Eskandari Sadegh , Jansen Slinger 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Context: User intent modeling is a crucial process in Natural Language Processing that aims to identify the underlying purpose behind a user’s request, enabling personalized responses. With a vast array of approaches introduced in the literature (over 13,000 papers in the last decade), understanding the related concepts and commonly used models in AI-based systems is essential.
Method: We conducted a systematic literature review to gather data on models typically employed in designing conversational recommender systems. From the collected data, we developed a decision model to assist researchers in selecting the most suitable models for their systems. Additionally, we performed two case studies to evaluate the effectiveness of our proposed decision model.
Results: Our study analyzed 59 distinct models and identified 74 commonly used features. We provided insights into potential model combinations, trends in model selection, quality concerns, evaluation measures, and frequently used datasets for training and evaluating these models.
Contribution: Our study contributes practical insights and a comprehensive understanding of user intent modeling, empowering the development of more effective and personalized conversational recommender systems. With the Conversational Recommender System, researchers can perform a more systematic and efficient assessment of fitting intent modeling frameworks.
The identification of signature genes and their relationship to immune cell infiltration in age-related macular degeneration
Authors: Chen Jinquan , Zhang Longbin , Luo Yiling , Jiang Yuling , Peng H 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a prevalent source of visual impairment among the elderly population, and its incidence has risen in tandem with the increasing longevity of humans. Despite the progress made in anti-VEGF therapy, the clinical outcomes have proven to be unsatisfactory.
Method
We obtained differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of AMD patients and healthy controls from GEO database. GO analysis and KEGG analysis were used to enrich the differential genes. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WCGNA) is used to screen modules related to AMD expression. SVM, random forest, and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) were used to screen hub gene. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) is used to explore the pathway through which these hub genes are enriched. CIBERSORT was used to analyze the relationship between hub gene and immune cell infiltration. Finally, West blotting and RT-PCR were used to explore the expression of Hub gene in AMD mice.
Results
We screened 1084 differential genes in GSE29801, of which 496 genes were up-regulated. 1084 differential genes were introduced into WCGNA analysis, and 94 genes related to AMD were obtained. 79 overlapping genes were obtained by VEEN plot. The 79 genes were introduced into three machine learning methods to screen the Hub gene, and the gene screened by the three methods was TNC,FAP,SREBF1,and TGF-β2. We verified their diagnostic function in GSE29801 and GSE103060 gene sets respectively. Then the pathway of hub gene co-enrichment was obtained by GO analysis and KEGG analysis. CIBERSORT analysis showed that these hub genes were associated with immune cell infiltration. Finally, we found increased expression of TNC, FAP, SREBF1, and TGF-β2 mRNA and protein in the retina of AMD mice.
Conclusion
We found that four hub genes, FAP, TGF-β2 and SREBF1,and TNC, have diagnostic significance in patients with AMD and are related to immune cell infiltration. Finally, we found up-regulated of these hub genes mRNA and protein in the retina of AMD mice.