bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Magnetization reversal study of Ni
4−x
Zn
x
Nb2O9 compounds using Monte Carlo simulations
Authors: Rufeil Fiori Elena , Bolletta Juan P , Martin Christine , Maignan Antoine , Billoni Orlando V 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The magnetization reversal (MR) of the layered Ni

4
−
x

Zn
x
Nb2O9 ferrimagnetic compounds, with

x
=
0
,
0.25
,
0.50

and 0.75, is studied in this work using Monte Carlo (MC) simulations and mean field (MF) calculations. First, we analyze the parent compound to set the parameters of our simulations; testing together MC simulations, MF calculations, and MR experiments reported by Bolletta et al (2022 J. Appl. Phys.
132 153901). Then using two different approaches we fit the MR curves of the series of compounds finding a quite good agreement between MC simulations and the experiments. According to these results, Zn substitutions change the relative contribution to the magnetization of the different layers. Here we present two possible hypotheses to explain this effect; one involving a heterogeneous distribution of Zn2+ among the layers, and the other related to distortions of the NiO6 octahedra.
Electric field distributions in realistic 3D rat head models during alternating electric field (AEF) therapy: a computational study
Authors: Nguyen Ha , Schubert Keith E , Chang Edwin , Nie Ying , Pohling Christoph , Van Buskirk Samuel , Yamamoto Vicky , Zeng Yuping , Schulte Reinhard W , Patel Chirag B 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Objective. Application of alternating electrical fields (AEFs) in the kHz range is an established treatment modality for primary and recurrent glioblastoma. Preclinical studies would enable innovations in treatment monitoring and efficacy, which could then be translated to benefit patients. We present a practical translational process converting image-based data into 3D rat head models for AEF simulations and study its sensitivity to parameter choices. Approach. Five rat head models composed of up to 7 different tissue types were created, and relative permittivity and conductivity of individual tissues obtained from the literature were assigned. Finite element analysis was used to model the AEF strength and distribution in the models with different combinations of head tissues, a virtual tumor, and an electrode pair. Main results. The simulations allowed for a sensitivity analysis of the AEF distribution with respect to different tissue combinations and tissue parameter values. Significance. For a single pair of 5 mm diameter electrodes, an average AEF strength inside the tumor exceeded 1.5 V cm−1, expected to be sufficient for a relevant therapeutic outcome. This study illustrates a robust and flexible approach for simulating AEF in different tissue types, suitable for preclinical studies in rodents and translatable to clinical use.
Deep learning for fast denoising filtering in ultrasound localization microscopy
Authors: Yu Xiangyang , Luan Shunyao , Lei Shuang , Huang Jing , Liu Zeqing , Xue Xudong , Ma Teng , Ding Yi , Zhu Benpeng 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Objective. Addition of a denoising filter step in ultrasound localization microscopy (ULM) has been shown to effectively reduce the error localizations of microbubbles (MBs) and achieve resolution improvement for super-resolution ultrasound (SR-US) imaging. However, previous image-denoising methods (e.g. block-matching 3D, BM3D) requires long data processing times, making ULM only able to be processed offline. This work introduces a new way to reduce data processing time through deep learning. Approach. In this study, we propose deep learning (DL) denoising based on contrastive semi-supervised network (CS-Net). The neural network is mainly trained with simulated MBs data to extract MB signals from noise. And the performances of CS-Net denoising are evaluated in both in vitro flow phantom experiment and in vivo experiment of New Zealand rabbit tumor. Main results. For in vitro flow phantom experiment, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of single microbubble image are 26.91 dB and 4.01 dB, repectively. For in vivo animal experiment , the SNR and CNR were 12.29 dB and 6.06 dB. In addition, single microvessel of 24 μm and two microvessels separated by 46 μm could be clearly displayed. Most importantly,, the CS-Net denoising speeds for in vitro and in vivo experiments were 0.041 s frame−1 and 0.062 s frame−1, respectively. Significance. DL denoising based on CS-Net can improve the resolution of SR-US as well as reducing denoising time, thereby making further contributions to the clinical real-time imaging of ULM.
Uneven terrain affects metabolic cost and gait in simulated complex lunar surfaces
Authors: Kim Kyoung Jae , Baughman Alexander , Estep Patrick , Rivas Eric , Young Millennia , Marshall-Goebel Karina , Abercromby Andrew , Somers Jeffrey 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Objective. Upcoming missions of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) to the Moon will include extensive human exploration of the lunar surface. Walking will be essential for many exploration tasks, and metabolic cost during ambulation on simulated complex lunar surfaces requires further characterization. In this study, ten healthy subjects (6 male and 4 female) participated in three simulated lunar terrain walking conditions at the NASA Johnson Space Center’s planetary ‘Rock Yard’: (1) flat terrain, (2) flat terrain with obstacles, and (3) mixed terrain. Approach. Energy expenditure and gait were quantified with a wearable metabolic energy expenditure monitoring system and body-worn inertial measurement units (IMUs), respectively. Main results. It was found that participants walking on the mixed terrain, representing the highest workload condition, required significantly higher metabolic costs than in other terrain conditions (p < 0.001). Additionally, our novel IMU-based gait variables discriminated different terrains and identified changes in gait in simulated lunar terrain environments. Significance. Our results showed that the various surface irregularities and inconsistencies could cause additional physical effort while walking on the complex terrain. These findings provide insight into the effects of terrain on metabolic energy expenditure during simulated lunar extravehicular activities.
Sensitive biosensing based on a D-type photonic crystal fiber
Authors: Chen Wenjian , Shen Tao , Feng Yue , Liu Chi , Liu Xin , Wu Yuhang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We designed a D-type photonic crystal fiber biosensor based on surface plasmon resonance, verified the simulation results of the existing glucose concentration in the blood of diabetic patients, and used the finite element simulation software COMSOL for numerical simulation. The influence of structural parameters of the biosensor on the sensing performance is mainly studied. The maximum wavelength sensitivity of the sensor is 42000 nm RIU–1, maximum figure-of-Merit (FOM) of 429.61 RIU−1, linearity is 0.99607, and wavelength resolution is 3.33 × 10−6 RIU in the refractive index range of 1.29–1.37. The biggest highlight of this sensor is not only the simple design structure and ultra-high sensitivity, but also when the diameter of the outermost air hole changes from 0.3 μm to 1.15 μm, it does not affect the phase matching conditions of the coupling mode inside the fiber. We believe that this sensor is expected to be the most competitive instrument among biosensors.
Numerical investigation of highly viscous droplet generation based on level set method
Authors: Zhang Chao , Tao Meng , Ling Mingxiang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Piezo-driven needle valves are widely used in electronic packaging due to their fast response, high resolution and good dispensing consistency. However, the stable generation of high-viscosity droplets is one of the key issues to its packaging quality. To investigate the formation mechanism of the high-viscosity droplet. In this paper, a 2D finite element model of the drop-on-demand injection process of the high-viscosity droplet is established based on the level set method, the droplet formation and separation processes are numerically simulated, and the reliability of the simulation results is checked by comparing the outcomes with published data. Specifically, the detailed evolution of the high-viscosity droplet formation and separation process is gained by coupling the two-phase flow-level set method and the dynamic grid technique, and the pressure distribution in the injection chamber is further discussed and the effects of operating parameters on the droplet formation volume are examined. The results of the study show that the needle motion is the main factor of pressure fluctuations in the injection chamber. Moreover, we also found that among the parameters of needle stroke, nozzle diameter, supply pressure, fluid viscosity, and surface tension, the nozzle diameter has the most significant effect on droplet volume, while surface tension has the least effect on droplet formation.
High temperature study of dielectric and electrical conduction behaviour of La2NiO4
Authors: Katheriya Tarun , Upadhyay Shail 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Materials showing negative permittivity have attracted considerable attention from researchers on account of their notable applications in electronic and electromagnetic devices. Discovering materials exhibiting negative permittivity is a challenging task. Very few single-phase oxides have been reported as negative permittivity materials. In this work, we have attempted to investigate the dielectric properties of La2NiO4 to explore the possibility of negative permittivity. To achieve the goal, powder, and ceramic of La2NiO4 have been synthesized by the conventional solid-state reaction method. Rietveld refinement of the X-ray diffraction data studies has confirmed the tetragonal structure and space group I4/mmm. The Dielectric properties and AC conductivity have been studied in the frequency range of 20 Hz–2 MHz and over a wide temperature range (30 °C–600 °C). The permittivity of La2NiO4 is found to be negative at all the measured frequencies and temperatures. The Drude model fitted the experimental data very well, suggesting that negative permittivity behavior can be assigned to the plasma oscillation of conducting electrons. The trend of AC conductivity with frequency is similar to the skin effect observed in metals. The variation of DC conductivity with temperature indicated small polaron hopping conduction mechanism. Analysis of reactance (Z′′) suggested inductive electrical character in the tested frequency and temperature range. Room temperature negative permittivity behavior of La2NiO4 makes it a potential candidate for practical electronic and electromagnetic devices that work in the Radio-frequency range. Furthermore, this work will add a new member to the family of Perovskite oxides showing tunable negative permittivity.
Density-dependent relativistic mean field approach and its application to single-Λ hypernuclei in oxygen hyperisotopes*
Authors: Ding 丁 Shi-Yuan 士缘 , Yang 杨 Wei 威 , Sun 孙 Bao-Yuan 保元 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The in-medium feature of nuclear force, which includes both nucleon-nucleon (

) and hyperon-nucleon (

) interactions, impacts the description of single-Λ hypernuclei. With the alternated mass number or isospin of hypernuclei, such effects may be unveiled by analyzing the systematic evolution of the bulk and single-particle properties. From a density-dependent meson-nucleon/hyperon coupling perspective, a new

effective interaction in the covariant density functional (CDF) theory, namely, DD-LZ1-

, is obtained by fitting the experimental data of Λ separation energies for several single-Λ hypernuclei. It is then used to study the structure and transition properties of single-Λ hypernuclei in oxygen hyperisotopes, in comparison with those determined using several selected CDF Lagrangians. A discrepancy is explicitly observed in the isospin evolution of

spin-orbit splitting with various effective interactions, which is attributed to the divergence of the meson-hyperon coupling strengths with increasing density. In particular, the density-dependent CDFs introduce an extra contribution to reduce the value but enhance the isospin dependence of the splitting, which originates from the rearrangement terms of Λ self-energies. In addition, the characteristics of hypernuclear radii are studied along the isotopic chain. Owing to the impurity effect of the Λ hyperon, a size shrinkage is observed in the matter radii of hypernuclei compared with the cores of normal nuclei, and its magnitude is further elucidated to correlate with the incompressibility of nuclear matter. Moreover, there is a sizable model-dependent trend in which the Λ hyperon radii evolve with neutron number, which is decided partly by the in-medium

interactions and core polarization effects.
Measurement of the effective weak mixing angle at the CEPC*
Authors: Zhao 赵 Zhenyu 振宇 , Yang 杨 Siqi 思奇 , Ruan 阮 Manqi 曼奇 , Liu 刘 Minghui 明辉 , Han 韩 Liang 良 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We present a study of the measurement of the effective weak mixing angle parameter (

) at the Circular Electron Positron Collider (CEPC). As a fundamental physics parameter,

plays a key role not only in the global test of the standard model electroweak sector, but also in constraining the potential beyond standard model new physics at the high energy frontier. CEPC proposes a two year running period around the Z boson mass pole at high instataneous luminosity, providing a large data sample with

candidates generated in total. It allows a high precision measurement of

both in the lepton and quark final states, where the uncertainty can be one order of magnitude lower than any previous measurement at the LEP, SLC, Tevatron, and LHC. It will improve the overall precision of the

experimental determination to be comparable to the preicision of the theoretical calculation with two-loop radiative corrections, and it will also provide direct comparisons between different final states. In this paper, we also study the measurement of

in the high mass region. Taking data for one month, the precision of

measured at 130 GeV from b quark final state is 0.00010, which will be an important experimental observation on the energy-running effect of

.
Studying the Equilibrium Points of the Modified Circular Restricted Three-body Problem: The Case of Sun–Haumea System
Authors: Nurul Huda I. , Dermawan B. , Saputra M. B. , Sadikin R. , Hidayat T. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We intend to study a modified version of the planar Circular Restricted Three-Body Problem (CRTBP) by incorporating several perturbing parameters. We consider the bigger primary as an oblate spheroid and emitting radiation while the small primary has an elongated body. We also consider the perturbation from a disk-like structure encompassing this three-body system. First, we develop a mathematical model of this modified CRTBP. We have found there exist five equilibrium points in this modified CRTBP model, where three of them are collinear and the other two are non-collinear. Second, we apply our modified CRTBP model to the Sun–Haumea system by considering several values of each perturbing parameter. Through our numerical investigation, we have discovered that the incorporation of perturbing parameters has resulted in a shift in the equilibrium point positions of the Sun–Haumea system compared to their positions in the classical CRTBP. The stability of equilibrium points is investigated. We have shown that the collinear equilibrium points are unstable and the stability of non-collinear equilibrium points depends on the mass parameter μ of the system. Unlike the classical case, non-collinear equilibrium points have both a maximum and minimum limit of μ for achieving stability. We remark that the stability range of μ in non-collinear equilibrium points depends on the perturbing parameters. In the context of the Sun–Haumea system, we have found that the non-collinear equilibrium points are stable.
Dark uncertainty in key comparisons in the gas analysis area
Authors: der Veen Adriaan M H van 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
CCQM-K118 natural gas is among the first key comparisons in the gas analysis area where a model was chosen to fit the data that considered possible overdispersion (‘dark uncertainty’) of the submitted results. As the key comparison was operated with as many travelling standards as there were participants, a Bayesian hierarchical model was developed that also took into account the (small) differences between the measurands across the suite of standards. As there was no independent reference value, such as from static gravimetry, the key comparison was evaluated using a consensus value. In this paper, we assess the performance of the model used in CCQM-K118 using the data from two previous key comparisons about the natural gas composition, CCQM-K23 and CCQM-K16. These key comparisons were operated with independent reference values and showed different levels of dispersion and agreement in the results. From the re-evaluation of the data, we conclude that the model developed for CCQM-K118 is fit for purpose and captures aptly the differences across the measurands for the different travelling standards and the overdispersion of the data. We also conclude that if there is no overdispersion of the data, this is reflected in the posterior probability distribution of the excess standard deviation. The representative value (e.g. median) of this standard deviation becomes then small if not negligible in comparison to the uncertainties stated by the participants.
Interactions between cathodic- and anodic-pulses during high-frequency stimulations with the monophasic-pulses alternating in polarity at axons—experiment and simulation studies
Authors: Hu Yifan , Feng Zhouyan , Zheng Lvpiao , Ye Xiangyu 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background. Electrical neuromodulation therapies commonly utilize high-frequency stimulations (HFS) of biphasic-pulses to treat neurological disorders. The biphasic pulse consists of a leading cathodic-phase to activate neurons and a lagging anodic-phase to balance electrical charges. Because both monophasic cathodic- and anodic-pulses can depolarize neuronal membranes, splitting biphasic-pulses into alternate cathodic- and anodic-pulses could be a feasible strategy to improve stimulation efficiency. Objective. We speculated that neurons in the volume initially activated by both polarity pulses could change to be activated only by anodic-pulses during sustained HFS of alternate monophasic-pulses. To verify the hypothesis, we investigated the interactions of the monophasic pulses during HFS and revealed possible underlying mechanisms. Approach. Different types of pulse stimulations were applied at the alvear fibers (i.e. the axons of CA1 pyramidal neurons) to antidromically activate the neuronal cell bodies in the hippocampal CA1 region of anesthetized rats in-vivo. Sequences of antidromic HFS (A-HFS) were applied with alternate monophasic-pulses or biphasic-pulses. The pulse frequency in the A-HFS sequences was 50 or 100 Hz. The A-HFS duration was 120 s. The amplitude of antidromically-evoked population spike was measured to evaluate the neuronal firing induced by each pulse. A computational model of axon was used to explore the possible mechanisms of neuronal modulations. The changes of model variables during sustained A-HFS were analyzed. Main results. In rat experiments, with a same pulse intensity, the activation volume of a cathodic-pulse was greater than that of an anodic-pulse. In paired-pulse tests, a preceding cathodic-pulse was able to prevent a following anodic-pulse from activating neurons due to refractory period. This indicated that the activation volume of a cathodic-pulse covered that of an anodic-pulse. However, during sustained A-HFS of alternate monophasic-pulses, the anodic-pulses were able to prevail over the cathodic-pulses in activating neurons in the overlapped activation volume. Model simulation results show the mechanisms of the activation failures of cathodic-pulses. They include the excessive membrane depolarization caused by an accumulation of potassium ions, the obstacle of hyperpolarization in the conduction pathway and the interactions from anodic-pulses. Significance. The study firstly showed the domination of anodic-pulses over cathodic-pulses in their competitions to activate neurons during sustained HFS. The finding provides new clues for designing HFS paradigms to improve the efficiency of neuromodulation therapies.
Optimization Design Method of Distributed Perception Network for Hydraulic Gate Hoisting Operation
Authors: Dong Yuanfa , Li Xiaocan , Chen Mo , Zhou Bin , Peng Wei 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Building a highly reliable and low latency distributed perception network for dynamic operation scenarios of hydraulic gate hoists is an important foundation for achieving intelligent operation and maintenance of gate hoists. The study aims to address the issues of poor network signal coverage, high electromagnetic interference, and obstruction of mountains and concrete structures in the hydraulic gate opening and closing operation scenario. Thus, a transmission characteristic function of a single hop network in the hydraulic gate opening and closing operation scenario is constructed based on the Kriging method. A distributed perception network optimization problem model is established with network transmission reliability and deployment cost as optimization objectives, and an improved ant colony algorithm is used to solve it. A set of distributed perception network optimization design methods for hydraulic gate opening and closing operations is proposed. The prototype simulation experiment of a certain hydropower station gate hoist shows that the method proposed in this paper has good feasibility.
Research on Energy Management Strategy for GCPBS
Authors: Xie Yuguang , Li Jincheng , Wang Hu , Mao Lei 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Integrating solar power into the power grid is significant for the rapid acceleration of energy transition. As a result, it is urgent to make appropriate operational strategies for grid-connected photovoltaic battery systems (GCPBS). At present, a variety of energy management strategies have been proposed, while the influence of battery degradation and energy flow distribution hasn’t been considered, which also makes a huge difference to grid-connected photovoltaic-battery system operation. Therefore, a novel energy management strategy is proposed in this paper to provide optimal energy utilization. Moreover, a case study using data from California is utilized to investigate the performance of the proposed method, where a widely used operation strategy is utilized to be compared. Results prove that the proposed method can control flexibly energy flow to achieve the minimum cost of GCPBS operation with reasonable battery charging and discharging process, and the battery is charged at tough prices and discharged at high prices, where coupling effects of all hours and price are considered and the battery is fully utilized.
Virtual power plant optimal operation considering renewable energy uncertainty
Authors: Lei Cheng , Mo Mingshan , Liang Yu , Nie Jinfeng , Lou Suhua 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
An optimal operation model for a virtual power plant (VPP) is developed to promote the decarbonization of electricity as well as to enable the efficient grid integration of distributed power sources and electric vehicles. The model considers the uncertainty of renewable energy and the environmental punishment of gas turbines to achieve coordinated optimization of distributed resources within the VPP. The case demonstrates the utility of the model.