bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Massey products and elliptic curves
Authors: Bleher Frauke M. , Chinburg Ted , Gillibert Jean 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe study the vanishing of Massey products of order at least 3 for absolutely irreducible smooth projective curves over a field with coefficients in . We mainly focus on elliptic curves, for which we obtain a complete characterization of when triple Massey products do not vanish.
Use of Dual-Task Timed-Up-and-Go Tests for Predicting Falls in Physically Active, Community-Dwelling Older Adults—A Prospective Study
Authors: Tong Yujie , Rong Jifeng , Tian Xiaochun , Wang Yejun , Chen Zhengquan , Adams Roger , Witchalls Jeremy , Waddington Gordon , El-Ansary Doa , Wu Sam , Tirosh Oren , Wu Tao , Han Jia 
Published: June 2023

This prospective study aimed to determine which specific mobility tests were the most accurate for predicting falls in physically active older adults living in the community. Seventy-nine physically active older adults who met the American College of Sports Medicine physical activity guidelines volunteered. Participants were assessed and followed up for 12 months. Mobility assessments included the 30-s sit-to-stand test, five times sit-to-stand test, single-task timed-up-and-go test (TUG), motor dual-task TUG (Mot-TUG), and cognitive dual-task TUG (Cog-TUG). Mot-TUG and Cog-TUG performances were moderately correlated with number of falls (r = .359, p < .01 and r = .372, p < .01, respectively). When Mot-TUG, Cog-TUG, or Age were included as fall predictors, discrimination scores represented by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) were AUC (Mot-TUG) = 0.843 (p < .01), AUC (Cog-TUG) = 0.856 (p < .01), and AUC (Age) = 0.734 (p < .05). The cutoff point for Cog-TUG was 10.98 s, with test sensitivity of 1.00 and specificity of 0.66. Fall predictors for different populations may be based on different test methods. Here, the dual-task TUG test more accurately predicted falls in older adults who met American College of Sports Medicine’s physical activity guidelines.
What Is Known From the Published Literature About Yoga Interventions Delivered in Community Settings for Older Adults? A Systematic Scoping Review
Authors: Lee Janet Lok Chun , Xing Jianli , Ho Rainbow Tin Hung 
Published: June 2023

In recent years, mind–body exercises have arisen as a popular type of physical exercise among older adults in both Eastern and Western countries. In the last 10 years, yoga has been established as a key physical activity intervention for older adults. Thus, the literature on yoga interventions delivered in community settings for older adults warrants a formal appraisal. This scoping review synthesized information on intervention contents and outcomes and summarized data on attrition, adherence, and adverse events for community health practitioners. In addition, this review used the Template for Intervention Description and Replication and the Population, Intervention, Comparator, Outcome checklist to identify areas of depth and gaps in the literature on yoga interventions.
Effects of Sport Participation on Gait Coordination, Symmetry, and Variability in Older Adults
Authors: Shafizadeh Mohsen , Bonner Stuart , Fraser Jonathan , Parvinpour Shahab , Shabani Mohsen , Barnes Andrew 
Published: June 2023

The aim of this study was to compare the interlimb coordination, asymmetry, and variability between older adults who participated in sports (n = 25; age = 72.6 ± 6.46 years) and sedentary older adults (n = 20; age = 70.85 ± 3.82 years). The sport participants were selected from tennis and badminton clubs, whereas the sedentary participants were recruited from local community centers. The participants walked at their preferred speed in a 10-m walkway for 2 min. The interlimb coordination was measured by the phase coordination index. Other walking metrics were speed, cadence, swing time, stance time, double-support time, stride time, and swing time asymmetry. The results showed that the sport participants relative to the sedentary group had better interlimb coordination, higher walking speed and cadence, and less swing time variability. Young older adults also had a better interlimb coordination. In conclusion, the findings of this study showed that long-term participation in sports has some antiaging benefits on gait coordination and symmetry in older adults.
A DNA phosphorothioation-based Dnd defense system provides resistance against various phages and is compatible with the Ssp defense system
Authors: Jiang Susu , Chen Ke , Wang Yingying , Zhang Yueying , Tang Yaru , Huang Wanqiu , Xiong Xiaolin , Chen Shi , Chen Chao , Wang Lianrong 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
DndABCDE-catalyzed DNA phosphorothioation (PT), in which the nonbridging oxygen is swapped with a sulfur atom, was first identified in the bacterial genome. Usually, this modification gene cluster is paired with a restriction module consisting of DndF, DndG, and DndH. Although the mechanisms for the antiphage activity conferred by this Dnd-related restriction and modification (R-M) system have been well characterized, several features remain unclear, including the antiphage spectrum and potential interference with DNA methylation. Recently, a novel PT-related R-M system, composed of the modification module SspABCD paired with a single restriction enzyme, SspE, was revealed to be widespread in the bacterial kingdom, which aroused our interest in the interaction between Dnd- and Ssp-based R-M systems. In this study, we discussed the action of Dnd-related R-M systems against phages and demonstrated that the host could benefit from the protection provided by Dnd-related R-M systems against infection by various lytic phages as well as temperate phages. However, this defense barrier would fail against lysogenic phages. Interestingly, DNA methylation, even in the consensus sequence recognized by the Dnd system, could not weaken the restriction efficiency. Finally, we explored the interaction between Dnd- and Ssp-based R-M systems and found that these two systems were compatible. This study not only expands our knowledge of Dnd-associated R-M systems but also reveals a complex interaction between different defense barriers that coexist in the cell.

IMPORTANCE
Recently, we decoded the mechanism of Dnd-related R-M systems against genetic parasites. In the presence of exogenous DNA that lacks PT, the macromolecular machine consisting of DndF, DndG, and DndH undergoes conformational changes to perform DNA binding, translocation, and DNA nicking activities and scavenge the foreign DNA. However, several questions remain unanswered, including questions regarding the antiphage spectrum, potential interference by DNA methylation, and interplay with other PT-dependent R-M systems. Here, we revealed that the host could benefit from Dnd-related R-M systems for a broad range of antiphage activities, regardless of the presence of DNA methylation. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the convergence of Dnd- and Ssp-related R-M systems could confer to the host a stronger antiphage ability through the additive suppression of phage replication. This study not only deepens our understanding of PT-related defense barriers but also expands our knowledge of the arms race between bacteria and their predators.
Prevention of venous thromboembolism in patients with cancer
Authors: Guntupalli Saketh R , Spinosa Daniel , Wethington Stephanie , Eskander Ramez , Khorana Alok A 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a major cause of both morbidity and mortality in patients with cancer. Venous thromboembolism, which includes both deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, affects a sizable portion of patients with malignancy and can have potentially life threatening complications. Accurate assessment of risk as well as diagnosis and treatment of this process is paramount to preventing death in this high risk population. Various risk models predictive of venous thromboembolism in patients with cancer have been developed, and knowledge of these rubrics is essential for the treating oncologist. Subgroups of particular interest are inpatients receiving chemotherapy, postoperative patients after surgical debulking, and patients undergoing radiotherapy. Numerous newer drugs have become available for the prevention of venous thromboembolism in patients with cancer who are at high risk of developing the disease. These include the class of drugs called direct oral anticoagulants, (DOACs) which do not require the same monitoring that other modalities have previously required and are taken by mouth, preventing the discomfort associated with subcutaneous strategies. The appropriate risk stratification and intervention to prevent venous thromboembolism are vital to the treatment of patients with cancer.
Implementation and evaluation of a pilot Match-A-Nurse programme to provide home-based care in Singapore
Authors: Ang Seng Bin , Neo Sylvia , Koh Benedix , Cheng Shu Juan , Tan Irene , Thumboo Julian , Goh Louise Gek Huang , Dhaliwal Satvinder Singh 
Published: June 2023

Background
To enable our seniors to age in place and at home, healthcare needs to shift towards delivering care in the community while taking advantage of technology, to enhance the productivity and effectiveness of home-based nursing care. Home-based nursing care is also less expensive, more convenient and as effective as care received in a hospital.

Methods
The pilot Match-A-Nurse programme linked discharged patients from two public hospitals in Singapore requiring home-based nursing care to nurses living or working close to them through a mobile application. Patients’ requests are listed in the application which was developed by adopting a ‘hybrid agile’ framework for nurses to ‘bid’ for jobs. The concept is similar to a taxi booking application. Information on demographics, skills competency, services required, bidding frequency and patient and nurse satisfaction were collected and analysed.

Results
The Match-A-Nurse programme was successfully implemented and was received positively by patients and nurses. Patients were satisfied with the time taken to confirm the visit, the quality of care and would recommend the programme to others. Nurses were also satisfied with the usability of the application and the level of support provided to them. In addition, patient’s information can be readily accessed through the application.

Conclusions
The technical feasibility and practical potential of this programme is evidenced by the nurses’ and patients’ willingness to participate, their satisfaction with the programme and the ability of the prototype mobile application to secure patient documentation, and the adherence of programme to the legal and insurance employment regulations in Singapore.
Cost of surgical treatment for ulnar nerve entrapment in Finland, 2011–2015: a registry-based cost description study
Authors: Hannula Aarni , Miettinen Laura , Lampainen Kaisa , Ryhänen Jorma , Torkki Paulus , Hulkkonen Sina 
Published: June 2023

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to evaluate the cost of surgical treatment for primary ulnar nerve entrapment (UNE) borne by the public sector in Finland.DesignRegistry-based cost description study.SettingPrimary and secondary care throughout Finland.ParticipantsWe identified all the patients diagnosed with primary UNE in the whole population of Finland from 2011 to 2015 from the Care Register for Health Care. From these patients, we identified those who had undergone ulnar nerve release during the year they were diagnosed or the following year.InterventionsOpen ulnar nerve release.Outcome measuresThe primary outcome measure was cost borne by the public sector in 2015 euros. The cost of surgery was based on the diagnosis-related group prices. We calculated the cost of a single visit to a primary care physician, an electroneuromyography examination, a preoperative visit to a hand surgeon and a follow-up appointment by telephone in specialised care for each patient. These unit costs were provided by the Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare and the same costs were used for each patient. We obtained the number of reimbursed sick days and the total amount reimbursed to each patient in euros within the 2 years after diagnosis from the Social Insurance Institution of Finland.ResultsDuring our study period, approximately 1786 primary UNE diagnoses were made yearly, and on average, 876 (49%) of patients received surgical treatment annually. The surgery-related cost per patient averaged at EUR 1341 (43%) and reimbursed sick leaves at EUR 952 (30%) during this period. The annual cost of surgical treatment for UNE borne by the public sector in Finland varied between EUR 3082 and EUR 3213 per patient.ConclusionsThe average cost of surgical treatment for UNE in Finland was EUR 3140 per patient between 2011 and 2015.
Consideration of sex and gender in European clinical practice guidelines in internal medicine: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Naghipour Awa , Gemander Marcel , Becher Eva , Oertelt-Prigione Sabine 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionClinical practice guidelines (CPGs) are a powerful instrument to ensure evidence-based practice in clinical diagnostics and disease management. As knowledge about the impact of sex and gender on health and disease is emerging, the need for its transfer into clinical practice is becoming more urgent. However, a systematic evaluation of the incorporation of sex-related and gender-related knowledge into CPGs in Europe is currently not available. This systematic review will fill this gap. We will analyse the operationalisation of sex and gender in internal medicine CPGs in Europe and the translation of this information into tailored recommendations. The results will offer a baseline assessment to inform prospective sex-sensitive and gender-sensitive guideline development.Methods and analysisCPGs published by European internal medicine guidelines will be analysed according to a pre-established analysis framework. CPGs will be identified by a two-step approach, that is, through direct contact with the organisations and by a PubMed search, to ensure capture of all relevant guidelines. Prespecified keywords will be employed to identify the representation of sex-related and gender-related content throughout the CPGs. Structured data will be collected through machine-assisted text mining. Identified texts will then be manually reviewed by two independent coders using a specifically developed checklist.Ethics and disseminationThis study does not require approval by an ethics board. It will provide an overview of sex and gender considerations in European CPGs in the field of internal medicine regarding the time frame 2012–2022.
Oral-only antibiotics for bone and joint infections in children: study protocol for a nationwide randomised open-label non-inferiority trial
Authors: Bybeck Nielsen Allan , Borch Luise , Damkjaer Mads , Glenthøj Jonathan Peter , Hartling Ulla , Hoffmann Thomas Ulrik , Holm Mette , Helleskov Rasmussen Annett , Schmidt Lisbeth Samsø , Schmiegelow Kjeld , Stensballe Lone Graff , Nygaard Ulrikka 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionChildren with bone and joint infections are traditionally treated with intravenous antibiotics for 3–10 days, followed by oral antibiotics. Oral-only treatment has not been tested in randomised trials.Methods and analysisChildren (3 months to 18 years) will be randomised 1:1 with the experimental group receiving high-dose oral antibiotics and the control group receiving intravenous antibiotics with a shift in both groups to standard oral antibiotics after clinical and paraclinical improvement. Children in need of acute surgery or systemic features requiring intravenous therapy, including septic shock, are excluded. The primary outcome is defined as a normal blinded standardised clinical assessment 6 months after end of treatment. Secondary outcomes are non-acute treatment failure and recurrent infection. Outcomes will be compared by a non-inferiority assumption with an inferiority margin of 5%.Ethics and disseminationThe trial has the potential to reduce unnecessary hospitalisation and use of intravenous antibiotics in children with bone or joint infections. Due to the close follow-up, exclusion of severely ill children and predefined criteria for discontinuation of the allocated therapy, we expect the risk of treatment failure to be minimal.Trial registration numberNCT04563325.
Burden of disease and barriers to comprehensive care for rheumatic heart disease in South Africa: an updated systematic review protocol
Authors: Murugasen Serini , Abdullahi Leyla H , Moloi Hlengiwe , Wyber Rosemary , Abrams Jessica , Watkins David A , Engel Mark E , Zühlke Liesl Joanna 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionRheumatic heart disease (RHD) is responsible for a significant burden of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, and remains the most common cause of acquired heart disease among children and young adults in low-income and middle-income countries. Additionally, the global COVID-19 pandemic has forced the emergency restructuring of many health systems, which has had a broad impact on health in general, including cardiovascular disease. Despite significant cost to the health system and estimates from 2015 indicating both high incidence and prevalence of RHD in South Africa, no cohesive national strategy exists. An updated review of national burden of disease estimates, as well as literature on barriers to care for patients with RHD, will provide crucial information to assist in the development of a national RHD programme.Methods and analysisUsing predefined search terms that capture relevant disease processes from Group A Streptococcal (GAS) infection through to the sequelae of RHD, a search of PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, Sabinet African Journals, SA Heart and Current and Completed Research databases will be performed. All eligible studies on RHD, acute rheumatic fever and GAS infection published from April 2014 to December 2022 will be included. Vital registration data for the same period from Statistics South Africa will also be collected. A standardised data extraction form will be used to capture results for both quantitative and qualitative analyses. All studies included in burden of disease estimates will undergo quality assessment using standardised tools. Updated estimates on mortality and morbidity as well as a synthesis of work on primary, secondary and tertiary prevention of RHD will be reported.Ethics and disseminationNo ethics clearance is required for this study. Findings will be disseminated in a peer-reviewed journal and submitted to national stakeholders in RHD.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42023392782.
Direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) monitoring within primary care: a quality improvement project
Authors: McFadzean Isobel Joy , Francis Rhian , Fischetti Catrin , Morton Vanessa , Goodfellow Susan 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundPoor monitoring of anticoagulants is a significant area of patient safety. It can lead to the dichotomous risk of haemorrhage/clotting without appropriate counselling and monitoring. While healthcare professionals may be familiar with the anticoagulant warfarin and the international normalised ratio, they might be unaware of the monitoring requirements of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs), despite DOACs making up 62% of anticoagulants prescribed. The goal of this quality improvement (QI) project was to increase the compliance of monitoring of DOACs within general practice (GP) to improve patient safety and reduce the risk of an adverse outcome for patients.Local problemIn 2019, the GP surgery had 318 patients prescribed a DOAC and their medication reviews took place opportunistically. While initially, monitoring levels were nearly 100%, by December 2018 this had dropped significantly, and clinicians stated they were unfamiliar with this medication.Methods and interventionsThis project aimed to resolve this by using QI methodology and Plan–Do–Study–Act (PSDA) cycles to create new sustainable processes with DOAC monitoring and aimed to increase DOAC monitoring by 20% within 6 months.ResultsWithin 6 months, the project improved the rate of monitoring, and 49% of all patients prescribed a DOAC were seen in a DOAC clinic (n=156) and 78% (n=230/294) had DOAC counselling; 97% (n=295/304) had appropriate blood tests and 72% (n=216/298) had a recent weight recorded within their medical records. Three years on, 600 patients within the practice are prescribed DOACs and 74% (n=445) have had an annual review adhering to the gold standards set within the project.ConclusionThis QI project confirms that monitoring of DOACs can be improved within primary care by using QI methodology and improving patient safety, using PDSA cycles, stakeholder engagement and the introduction of the anticoagulant domains within the nationwide Quality Assurance and Improvement Framework.
Phenotyping of atrial fibrillation with cluster analysis and external validation
Authors: Saito Yuki , Omae Yuto , Nagashima Koichi , Miyauchi Katsumi , Nishizaki Yuji , Miyazaki Sakiko , Hayashi Hidemori , Nojiri Shuko , Daida Hiroyuki , Minamino Tohru , Okumura Yasuo 
Published: June 2023

ObjectivesAtrial fibrillation (AF) is a heterogeneous condition. We performed a cluster analysis in a cohort of patients with AF and assessed the prognostic implication of the identified cluster phenotypes.MethodsWe used two multicentre, prospective, observational registries of AF: the SAKURA AF registry (Real World Survey of Atrial Fibrillation Patients Treated with Warfarin and Non-vitamin K Antagonist Oral Anticoagulants) (n=3055, derivation cohort) and the RAFFINE registry (Registry of Japanese Patients with Atrial Fibrillation Focused on anticoagulant therapy in New Era) (n=3852, validation cohort). Cluster analysis was performed by the K-prototype method with 14 clinical variables. The endpoints were all-cause mortality and composite cardiovascular events.ResultsThe analysis subclassified derivation cohort patients into five clusters. Cluster 1 (n=414, 13.6%) was characterised by younger men with a low prevalence of comorbidities; cluster 2 (n=1003, 32.8%) by a high prevalence of hypertension; cluster 3 (n=517, 16.9%) by older patients without hypertension; cluster 4 (n=652, 21.3%) by the oldest patients, who were mainly female and with a high prevalence of heart failure history; and cluster 5 (n=469, 15.3%) by older patients with high prevalence of diabetes and ischaemic heart disease. During follow-up, the risk of all-cause mortality and composite cardiovascular events increased across clusters (log-rank p<0.001, p<0.001). Similar results were found in the external validation cohort.ConclusionsMachine learning-based cluster analysis identified five different phenotypes of AF with unique clinical characteristics and different clinical outcomes. The use of these phenotypes may help identify high-risk patients with AF.