bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Architectural Sketch to 3D Model: An Experiment on Simple-Form Houses
Authors: Yang Hong-Bin , Johanes Mikhael , Kim Frederick Chando , Bernhard Mathias , Huang Jeffrey 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTransforming sketches into digital 3D models has been an enduring practice in the design process since the first digital turn in architecture. However, 3D modeling is time-consuming, and 3D modeling software usually has a cumbersome interface. Aiming to bridge the gap between sketch and 3D model, we propose a framework that can turn a hand-drawn 2D sketch into a 3D mesh. The user can draw a sketch on the canvas through a web-based interface, and the corresponding 3D model will automatically be generated and shown aside. The 3D model can be downloaded or synchronized into the Rhino directly through Grasshopper.The proposed framework uses a machine learning-based approach to generate a 3D mesh from a single hand-drawn sketch by deforming a template shape. Since the generated models have an uneven surface, we apply an optimization step to refine the form, creating a more usable architectural 3D model with planar faces and sharper edges. We create the Simple House Dataset, which consists of 5000 single-volume houses, to train the neural network. We defined five categories of house typologies - distinguished by roof shape and other geometric properties - and generated 1000 models for each class with parameters chosen randomly. Each model includes a 3D mesh and 20 perspective line drawings from different angles.Although the limitation of the generalization ability makes it unlikely to replace the conventional 3D modeling software today, the fast sketch to 3D transformation allows architects to explore the possibility of various architectural forms and may speed up the design process in the early stage. The code of this project and the Simple House dataset has been published on Github [29].
Einleitung
Authors: Kaspar Roman , Simonson Julia , Tesch-Römer Clemens , Wagner Michael , Zank Susanne 
Published: July 2023

ZusammenfassungTrotz des schnellen Wachstums des Anteils der Bevölkerung in einem Alter ab 80 Jahren an der Gesamtbevölkerung Deutschlands (Statistisches Bundesamt 2019), ist das Wissen über diese Bevölkerungsgruppe bislang gering. Zwar gibt es thematisch, methodisch und regional spezifische Studien, jedoch keine repräsentative Erfassung der Lebenssituation und Lebensqualität dieser Altersgruppe für den gesamtdeutschen Raum. Die bedeutsamsten bevölkerungsrepräsentativen Umfragen in Deutschland, wie der auf Deutschland bezogene Teil des Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE), das Sozio-oekonomische Panel (SOEP) oder die Studie Gesundheit in Deutschland aktuell (GEDA) des Robert-Koch-Instituts bilden zum Teil zwar auch ältere und sehr alte Menschen mit ab, sind dabei aber mit besonderen Herausforderungen konfrontiert, auch die Anstaltsbevölkerung und Personen mit schlechterem Gesundheitszustand angemessen zu repräsentieren (Fuchs 2009; Gaertner et al. 2019; Schanze und Zins 2019). Auch der Deutsche Alterssurvey (DEAS), der als quer- und längsschnittliche Langzeitstudie die Lebenssituationen und Alternsverläufe von Menschen, die sich in der zweiten Lebenshälfte befinden, umfassend abbildet, hat in den vergangenen Jahren zusätzliche Schritte unternommen, um schwer befragbare Gruppen von älteren Menschen beispielsweise durch Stellvertreterinterviews besser einbeziehen zu können. Darüber hinaus wurden neue Gewichtungskonzepte erarbeitet um generalisierende Aussagen auch für die Bevölkerungsgruppe der 85- bis 90-Jährigen zu treffen, die erst über verschiedene Befragungswellen hinweg dieses sehr hohe Alter erreichen (Schiel et al. 2021). Keine der bislang verfügbaren bundesweiten Studien fokussiert jedoch spezifisch auf das sehr hohe Lebensalter und stellt über eine disproportionale Zufallsziehung schwach vertretener Gruppen sicher, dass auch in diesem Alterssegment differenzierte Analysen nach soziodemografischen Subgruppen mit hoher Teststärke möglich sind. Eine solche gute Datenlage ist jedoch notwendig: Zum einen, um den besonderen Unterstützungsbedarfen im hohen Alter zukünftig besser gerecht werden zu können. Zum anderen, um Lösungsansätze für sozialpolitische Herausforderungen wie die soziale Sicherung im Alter oder im Hinblick auf Generationengerechtigkeit entwickeln zu können.
Das Einkommen der Hochaltrigen in Deutschland
Authors: Fey Jonas , Wagner Michael 
Published: July 2023

ZusammenfassungZwischen November 2020 und April 2021 wurde aufbauend auf der NRW80+ Studie die bundesweite Studie „Hohes Alter in Deutschland“ (D80+) durchgeführt. Die Erhebung der Daten erfolgte im Rahmen einer bundesweiten, repräsentativen schriftlichen Befragung von mehr als 10.000 Personen ab 80 Jahren zu deren Lebenssituation und Lebensqualität. Mit diesen Daten ist die Einkommenssituation und Einkommensungleichheit dieser hochaltrigen Personen repräsentativ, aktuell erfasst und kann differenziert analysiert werden. Wir berichten nachfolgend – bis auf wenige Ausnahmen – das Nettoeinkommen der Hochaltrigen, genauer deren Haushaltsnettoäquivalenzeinkommen, das ein auf die Haushaltsmitglieder bezogenes Pro-Kopf-Einkommen darstellt. Einkommensarmut wurde anhand der gängigen Armutsriskoschwelle von 60 % des mittleren Einkommens (Median) definiert, welches bei Unterschreitung eines Nettobetrages von 1176,-€ monatlich vorliegt. Aussagen über Vermögen, Schulden und Einkommensquellen können in diesem Bericht nicht getroffen werden.
Patterning DNA Origami on Membranes Through Protein Self-Organization
Authors: Ramm Beatrice , Khmelinskaia Alena , Franquelim Henri G. , Schwille Petra 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSpatial organization on the atomic scale is one of the key objectives of nanotechnology. The development of DNA nanotechnology is a hallmark of material programmability in 2D and 3D, in which the large variety of available DNA modifications allows it to be interfaced with a number of inorganic and organic materials. Nature’s solution to spatiotemporal control has been the evolution of self-organizing protein systems capable of pattern formation through energy dissipation. Here, we show that combining DNA origami with a minimal micron-scale pattern-forming system vastly expands the applicability of DNA nanotechnology, whether for the development of biocompatible materials or as an essential step toward building synthetic cells from the bottom up. We first describe the interaction of DNA origami nanostructures with model lipid membranes and introduce the self-organizing MinDE protein system from Escherichia coli. We then outline how we used DNA origami to elucidate diffusiophoresis on membranes through MinDE protein pattern formation. We describe how this novel biological transport mechanism can, in turn, be harnessed to pattern DNA origami nanostructures on the micron scale on lipid membranes. Finally, we discuss how our approach could be used to create the next generation of hybrid materials, through cargo delivery and multiscale molecular patterning capabilities.
DNA Assembly of Dye Aggregates—A Possible Path to Quantum Computing
Authors: Yurke Bernard 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDNA-based self-assembly enables the programmable arrangement of matter on a molecular scale. It holds promise as a means with which to fabricate high technology products. DNA-based self-assembly has been used to arrange chromophores (dye molecules) covalently linked to DNA to form Förster resonant energy transfer and exciton-based devices. Here we explore the possibility of making coherent exciton information processing devices, including quantum computers. The focus will be on describing the chromophore arrangements needed to implement a complete set of gates that would enable universal quantum computation.
SHAPER: can you hear the shape of a jet?
Authors: Ba Demba , Dogra Akshunna S. , Gambhir Rikab , Tasissa Abiy , Thaler Jesse 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The identification of interesting substructures within jets is an important tool for searching for new physics and probing the Standard Model at colliders. Many of these substructure tools have previously been shown to take the form of optimal transport problems, in particular the Energy Mover’s Distance (EMD). In this work, we show that the EMD is in fact the natural structure for comparing collider events, which accounts for its recent success in understanding event and jet substructure. We then present a Shape Hunting Algorithm using Parameterized Energy Reconstruction (Shaper), which is a general framework for defining and computing shape-based observables. Shaper generalizes N-jettiness from point clusters to any extended, parametrizable shape. This is accomplished by efficiently minimizing the EMD between events and parameterized manifolds of energy flows representing idealized shapes, implemented using the dual-potential Sinkhorn approximation of the Wasserstein metric. We show how the geometric language of observables as manifolds can be used to define novel observables with built-in infrared-and-collinear safety. We demonstrate the efficacy of the Shaper framework by performing empirical jet substructure studies using several examples of new shape-based observables.
The Tjurina Number for Sebastiani–Thom Type Isolated Hypersurface Singularities
Authors: Almirón Patricio 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn this note, we provide a formula for the Tjurina number of a join of isolated hypersurface singularities in separated variables. From this, we are able to provide a characterization of isolated hypersurface singularities whose difference between the Milnor and Tjurina numbers is less or equal than two arising as the join of isolated hypersurface singularities in separated variables. Also, we are able to provide new upper bounds for the quotient of Milnor and Tjurina numbers of certain join of isolated hypersurface singularities. Finally, we deduce an upper bound for the quotient of Milnor and Tjurina numbers in terms of the singularity index of any isolated hypersurface singularity, not necessarily a join of singularities.
Isoalantolactone relieves depression-like behaviors in mice after chronic social defeat stress via the gut-brain axis
Authors: Wang Siming , Cai Qihan , Xu Lu , Sun Yanan , Wang Mengmeng , Wang Yu , Zhang Lili , Li Keqing , Ni Zhiyu 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Rationale
The management of depression continues to be challenging despite the variety of available antidepressants. Herbal medicines are used in many cultures but lack stringent testing to understand their efficacy and mechanism of action. Isoalantolactone (LAT) from Elecampane (Inula helenium) improved the chronic social defeat stress (CSDS)-induced anhedonia-like phenotype in mice comparable to fluoxetine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI).

Objectives
Compare the effects of LAT and fluoxetine on depression-like behaviors in mice exposed to CSDS.

Result
The CSDS-induced decrease in protein expression of postsynaptic density (PSD95), brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and glutamate receptor subunit-1 (GluA1) in the prefrontal cortex was restored by LAT. LAT showed robust anti-inflammatory activity and can lessen the increase in IL-6 and TNF-α caused by CSDS. CSDS altered the gut microbiota at the taxonomic level, resulting in significant changes in α- and β-diversity. LAT treatment reestablished the bacterial abundance and diversity and increased the production of butyric acid in the gut that was inhibited by CSDS. The levels of butyric acid were negatively correlated with the abundance of Bacteroidetes, and positively correlated with those of Proteobacteria and Firmicutes across all treatment groups.

Conclusions
The current data suggest that, similar to fluoxetine, LAT show antidepressant-like effects in mice exposed to CSDS through the modulation of the gut-brain axis.
Ultrasound-guided hydrodilatation for adhesive capsulitis: capsule-preserving versus capsule-rupturing technique
Authors: Pimenta Madalena , Vassalou Evangelia E. , Klontzas Michail E. , Dimitri-Pinheiro Sofia , Ramos Isabel , Karantanas Apostolos H. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objective
To compare the clinical efficacy of capsule-rupturing versus capsule-preserving ultrasound-guided hydrodilatation in patients with shoulder adhesive capsulitis (AC). To determine potential factors affecting the outcome over a 6-month follow-up.

Materials and methods
Within a 2-year period, 149 consecutive patients with AC were prospectively enrolled and allocated into (i) group-CR, including 39 patients receiving hydrodilatation of the glenohumeral joint (GHJ) with capsular rupture and (ii) group-CP, including 110 patients treated with GHJ hydrodilatation with capsular preservation. Demographics, affected shoulder, and AC grade were recorded. Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) questionnaire and visual analog scale (VAS) were used for clinical assessment at baseline/1/3/6 months. Comparisons were performed with Mann-Whitney U test and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Linear regression was used to identify predictors of outcome. P value < 0.05 defined significance.

Results
DASH and VAS scores in both groups improved significantly compared to baseline (P < 0.001) and were significantly lower in the CP compared to CR group at all time-points following intervention (P < 0.001). Capsule rupture was a significant predictor of DASH score at all time-points (P < 0.001). DASH scores correlated to initial DASH score at all time-points (P < 0.001). DASH/VAS scores at 1 month were correlated to the AC grade (P = 0.025/0.02).

Conclusion
GHJ hydrodilatation results in pain elimination and functional improvement till the mid-term in patients with AC, with improved outcome when adopting the capsule-preserving compared to the capsule-rupturing technique. Higher initial DASH score is predictive of impaired functionality in the mid-term.
Defining research priorities and needs in cancer symptoms for adults diagnosed with cancer: an Australian/New Zealand modified Delphi study
Authors: Yenson Vanessa M. , Amgarth-Duff Ingrid , Brown Linda , Caperchione Cristina M. , Clark Katherine , Cross Andrea , Good Phillip , Landers Amanda , Luckett Tim , Philip Jennifer , Steer Christopher , Vardy Janette L. , Wong Aaron K. , Agar Meera R. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
This study asked consumers (patients, carers) and healthcare professionals (HCPs) to identify the most important symptoms for adults with cancer and potential treatment interventions.

Methods
A modified Delphi study was conducted involving two rounds of electronic surveys based on prevalent cancer symptoms identified from the literature. Round 1 gathered information on participant demographics, opinions and/or experience on cancer symptom frequency and impact, and suggestions for interventions and/or service delivery models for further research to improve management of cancer symptoms. In Round 2, respondents ranked the importance of the top ten interventions identified in Round 1. In Round 3, separate expert panels of consumers and healthcare professionals (HCPs) attempted to reach consensus on the symptoms and interventions previously identified.

Results
Consensus was reached for six symptoms across both groups: fatigue, constipation, diarrhoea, incontinence, and difficulty with urination. Notably, fatigue was the only symptom to reach consensus across both groups in Round 1.
Similarly, consensus was reached for six interventions across both groups. These were the following: medicinal cannabis, physical activity, psychological therapies, non-opioid interventions for pain, opioids for breathlessness and cough, and other pharmacological interventions.

Conclusions
Consumers and HCPs prioritise differently; however, the symptoms and interventions that reached consensus provide a basis for future research. Fatigue should be considered a high priority given its prevalence and its influence on other symptoms. The lack of consumer consensus indicates the uniqueness of their experience and the need for a patient-centred approach. Understanding individual consumer experience is important when planning research into better symptom management.
Post-operative segmental cerebral venous sinus thrombosis: risk factors, clinical implications, and therapeutic considerations
Authors: Sturiale Carmelo Lucio , Auricchio Anna Maria , Valente Iacopo , Vacca Alessandro , Pennisi Giovanni , Ciaffi Gabriele , Albanese Alessio , Olivi Alessando , Trevisi Gianluca 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCerebral venous sinus thromboses (CVSTs) are rare complications of neurosurgical interventions and their management remains controversial as most of cases appear clinically silent. Here, we analyzed our institutional series of patients with CVSTs evaluating clinical and neuroradiological characteristics, risk factors, and outcome. From the analysis of our institutional PACS, we collected a total of 59 patients showing postoperative CVSTs after supratentorial or infratentorial craniotomies. For every patient, we collected demographics and relevant clinical and laboratory data. Details on thrombosis trend were retrieved and compared along the serial radiological assessment. A supratentorial craniotomy was performed in 57.6% of cases, an infratentorial in 37.3%, while the remaining were a single cases of trans-sphenoidal and neck surgery (1.7%, respectively). A sinus infiltration was present in almost a quarter of patients, and in 52.5% of cases the thrombosed sinus was exposed during the craniotomy. Radiological signs of CVST were evident in 32.2% of patients, but only 8.5% of them developed a hemorrhagic infarct. CVST-related symptoms were complained by 13 patients (22%), but these were minor symptoms in about 90%, and only 10% experienced hemiparesis or impaired consciousness. The majority of patients (78%) remained completely asymptomatic along the follow-up. Risk factors for symptoms occurrence were interruption of preoperative anticoagulants, infratentorial sinuses involvement and evidence of vasogenic edema and venous infarction. Overall, a good outcome defined mRS 0–2 was observed in about 88% of patients at follow-up. CVST is a complication of surgical approaches in proximity of dural venous sinuses. CVST usually does not show progression and courses uneventfully in the vast majority of cases. The systematic use of post-operative anticoagulants seems to not significantly influence its clinical and radiological outcome.
Dynamic displacement monitoring by integrating high-rate GNSS and accelerometer: on the possibility of downsampling GNSS data at reference stations
Authors: Paziewski Jacek , Stepniak Katarzyna , Sieradzki Rafal , Yigit Cemal Ozer 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe combine accelerometer and asynchronous high-rate GNSS data to retrieve dynamic displacements. The method adopts relative GNSS positioning with observations of different sampling rates at rover and reference stations. The objective is to examine the feasibility of downsampling GNSS data at reference stations and thus, verify whether permanent GNSS networks collecting low-rate observations can serve as reference sites. The performance is assessed using a shake table to induce displacement waveforms. We show that the combined GNSS and accelerometer solution improves displacement accuracy by half compared to the GNSS-only one. Further accuracy improvement is obtained by applying the Rauch Tung Striebel (RTS) smoother. Consequently, it is reasonable to downsample high-rate GNSS data at the reference station even to a 2 s interval and preserve the displacement error below 1 mm. The results also reveal that a fusion of GNSS with accelerometer and RTS smoothing helps to mitigate the ephemeris error. With the assessment in the time–frequency domain, we show that the combined solution better recovers displacement waveforms than GNSS-only. For the former solution, the detected peak frequencies agree very well with those of the Linear Variable Differential Transformer responsible for providing the ground truth displacements, and the amplitude error does not exceed 0.5 mm. We conclude that the proposed approach based on asynchronous GNSS observations provides millimeter-level precision results and is better for reconciling dynamic displacements than a GNSS-only solution or simply integrating accelerometer data.
On robot grasp learning using equivariant models
Authors: Zhu Xupeng , Wang Dian , Su Guanang , Biza Ondrej , Walters Robin , Platt Robert 
Published: July 2023

AbstractReal-world grasp detection is challenging due to the stochasticity in grasp dynamics and the noise in hardware. Ideally, the system would adapt to the real world by training directly on physical systems. However, this is generally difficult due to the large amount of training data required by most grasp learning models. In this paper, we note that the planar grasp function is $$\textrm{SE}(2)$$

SE
(
2
)

-equivariant and demonstrate that this structure can be used to constrain the neural network used during learning. This creates an inductive bias that can significantly improve the sample efficiency of grasp learning and enable end-to-end training from scratch on a physical robot with as few as 600 grasp attempts. We call this method Symmetric Grasp learning (SymGrasp) and show that it can learn to grasp “from scratch” in less that 1.5 h of physical robot time. This paper represents an expanded and revised version of the conference paper Zhu et al. (2022).
Philosophical underpinnings of digital citizenship through a postdigital lens: Implications for teacher educators’ professional digital competence
Authors: Örtegren Alex 
Published: July 2023

AbstractEmbedded in society, digital infrastructure has changed citizens’ lives. Young people therefore need to develop digital competence and digital citizenship, and schools have an important role in this regard. To prepare new schoolteachers for this role, teacher educators (TEDs) need professional digital competence (PDC) that includes knowledge, competences, and a conceptual understanding to teach teaching for digital citizenship. In light of the limited body of research on theorizing digital citizenship in relation to TEDs’ PDC, this paper critically analyzes three conceptualizations of digital citizenship. Being potentially normative and part of the latest phase of development in the field, these conceptualizations could shape TEDs’ PDC and practice. In a qualitative content analysis of the selected conceptualizations, this paper uses a postdigital lens to bring into focus and critically analyze aspects of philosophical underpinnings related to socio-technical relations. The results show that conceptualizations of digital citizenship convey different understandings of human–technology relations and the knowledge and competences necessary to exercise digital citizenship. These differences have far-reaching implications for TEDs’ PDC in ways that could impact students’ opportunities to develop digital competence and digital citizenship. Therefore, TEDs’ PDC needs to include a critical understanding of digital citizenship, and the post-pandemic juncture of “new normal” provides opportunities to rethink and reframe PDC. To this end, a postdigital lens can shift the focus to how PDC is contingent on the shifting entanglements in which pedagogical activities are situated and orchestrated, and how these relate to broader issues of injustice in society.