bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Selective Colloid Transport across Planar Polymer Brushes
Authors: Laktionov Mikhail Y. , Zhulina Ekaterina B. , Klushin Leonid , Richter Ralf P. , Borisov Oleg V. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPolymer brushes are attractive as surface coatings for a wide range of applications, from fundamental research to everyday life, and also play important roles in biological systems. How colloids (e.g., functional nanoparticles, proteins, viruses) bind and move across polymer brushes is an important yet under‐studied problem. A mean‐field theoretical approach is presented to analyze the binding and transport of colloids in planar polymer brushes. The theory explicitly considers the effect of solvent strength on brush conformation and of colloid‐polymer affinity on colloid binding and transport. The position‐dependent free energy of the colloid insertion into the polymer brush which controls the rate of colloid transport across the brush is derived. It is shown how the properties of the brush can be adjusted for brushes to be highly selective, effectively serving as tuneable gates with respect to colloid size and affinity to the brush‐forming polymer. The most important parameter regime simultaneously allowing for high brush permeability and selectivity corresponds to a condition when the repulsive and attractive contributions to the colloid insertion free energy nearly cancel. This theory should be useful to design sensing and purification devices with enhanced selectivity and to better understand mechanisms underpinning the functions of biological polymer brushes.
Price rigidity, wholesale price passthrough, and quality‐tiered private labels
Authors: Anders Sven , Volpe Richard , Bittmann Thomas 
Published: March 2023

AbstractQuality‐tiered private labels have become a main strategy for grocery retailers. However, impacts of private label development on wholesale prices and their effects on retail price rigidity remain unanswered as appropriate wholesale price data remain scarce. This paper fills this research gap by analyzing retail‐pricing behavior and wholesale passthrough for categories with quality‐tier differentiated private labels. We find the speed of wholesale passthrough to differ across categories, quality tier, and direction of adjustment. Overall, we find wholesale prices to play a secondary role to price promotions in explaining price rigidity across grocery categories with quality‐tiered private labels.
Monitoring of Emulsion Polymerization in the Presence of Ionic Liquids Using NIR Spectroscopy
Authors: Santos Leila Medeiros , Dariva Claudio , Masso Caroline Martins , Fortuny Montserrat , Santos Alexandre Ferreira 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMuch effort has been done toward the development of new emulsifiers able to improve the latex stability. In this sense, ionic liquids based on imidazolium constitute a new category of stabilizer in study. Moreover, the near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy has been extensively investigated as a tool to follow the properties of polymerization reactions. In this study different ionic liquids are investigated as emulsifiers during the emulsion homopolymerization of the styrene and methyl methacrylate. A quantitative analysis method is developed to determine the properties of latex based on the joint use of the NIR spectra and partial least squares regression (PLS). Kinetic results indicate that the latex properties are greatly influenced by the type of ionic liquid. The current work shows that the NIR spectrophotometer can be successfully used for monitoring of the latex properties, enabling to track the polymerization dynamics even in the presence of ionic liquids.
Preparation facilitates response inhibition based on a stop‐signal task
Authors: Jia Lu‐xia , Li Shuang‐chen , Cui Ji‐fang , Liu Jia‐li , Guo Xiao‐xiao , Wang Ya 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis study demonstrated that the higher stop‐signal probability condition showed a longer go reaction time and shorter stop‐signal reaction time (SSRT) compared with the lower stop‐signal probability condition. In addition, preparation cost was correlated with SSRT. These results suggest that preparation facilitates response inhibition.
Exploring the impact of design criteria for reference sets on performance evaluation of signal detection algorithms: The case of drug–drug interactions
Authors: Kontsioti Elpida , Maskell Simon , Pirmohamed Munir 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the impact of multiple design criteria for reference sets that are used to quantitatively assess the performance of pharmacovigilance signal detection algorithms (SDAs) for drug–drug interactions (DDIs).MethodsStarting from a large and diversified reference set for two‐way DDIs, we generated custom‐made reference sets of various sizes considering multiple design criteria (e.g., adverse event background prevalence). We assessed differences observed in the performance metrics of three SDAs when applied to FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) data.ResultsFor some design criteria, the impact on the performance metrics was neglectable for the different SDAs (e.g., theoretical evidence associated with positive controls), while others (e.g., restriction to designated medical events, event background prevalence) seemed to have opposing and effects of different sizes on the Area Under the Curve (AUC) and positive predictive value (PPV) estimates.ConclusionsThe relative composition of reference sets can significantly impact the evaluation metrics, potentially altering the conclusions regarding which methodologies are perceived to perform best. We therefore need to carefully consider the selection of controls to avoid misinterpretation of signals triggered by confounding factors rather than true associations as well as adding biases to our evaluation by “favoring” some algorithms while penalizing others.
A randomized, double‐blind, single‐dose study to assess bioequivalence of MB02 biosimilar after manufacturing iteration and reference bevacizumab
Authors: Schwabe C. , Cole A. , Espigares‐Correa A. , Beydon M. E. , Florez‐Igual A. , Queiruga‐Parada J. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTo investigate and compare the pharmacokinetic (PK) profiles of MB02 products, before and after optimizing the manufacturing process, and reference bevacizumab to establish bioequivalence between them. In this randomized, double‐blind, single dose, parallel study, 114 healthy male volunteers were randomized 1:1:1 to receive a 1 mg/kg intravenous dose of MB02‐SP, MB02‐DM, or US‐bevacizumab. The follow‐up period was 100 days. PK similarity between them was determined using the standard bioequivalence criteria (0.80–1.25) for the area under the serum concentration–time curve from time 0 extrapolated to infinity and the maximum observed serum concentration. Study results showed that the PK profiles of bevacizumab were similar. Statistical analysis demonstrated that for each pairwise comparison there were no differences. The 90% CIs for the ratios of geometric least squares means were fully contained within the predefined similarity acceptance limits and ranged from 0.899 to 1.12 for area under the curve and from 0.887 to 1.11 for maximum concentration. A total of 159 adverse events were reported by 76 subjects who received the study drug. The majority (90.6%) of the reported adverse events were grade 1 in severity, with 9.4% as grade 2 in severity. None were considered as grade 3, 4, or 5. Treatment‐induced anti‐drug antibodies incidence was 21.6%, 33.3%, and 23.7% for the treatment of MB02‐SP, MB02‐DM, and US‐bevacizumab, respectively. No subjects showed treatment‐induced neutralizing anti‐drug antibodies. This study demonstrates the PK, safety, and immunogenicity similarity and bioequivalence of MB02‐SP, MB02‐DM, and the reference product bevacizumab.
Pseudoprogression during induction treatment with nivolumab plus ipilimumab combined with chemotherapy for metastatic lung adenocarcinoma: A case report
Authors: Kunimatsu Yusuke , Kano Yukari , Tsutsumi Rei , Sato Izumi , Tanimura Mai , Tanimura Keiko , Takeda Takayuki 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe incidence rate of pseudoprogression during immune checkpoint inhibitor monotherapy for non‐small cell lung cancer is reportedly 3.6%–6.9%, while pseudoprogression during chemoimmunotherapy is rare. Reports on pseudoprogression during dual immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy are lacking. Herein, a 55‐year‐old male with invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma (cT2aN2M1c [OTH, PUL], stage IVB, and programmed death‐ligand 1 expression <1%), renal dysfunction, and disseminated intravascular coagulation was treated with carboplatin, solvent‐based paclitaxel, nivolumab, and ipilimumab. After treatment initiation, computed tomography (CT) on day 14 showed disease progression. The patient was diagnosed with pseudoprogression because of a lack of symptoms, improved platelet count, and decreased fibrin/fibrinogen degradation product levels. CT on day 36 showed a reduction in the primary lesion size, multiple lung metastases, and mesenteric metastases. Therefore, pseudoprogression should be considered during dual immunotherapy with chemotherapy.
Climate change impacts on native cutthroat trout habitat in Colorado streams
Authors: Ma Chenchen , Morrison Ryan R. , White Daniel C. , Roberts James , Kanno Yoichiro 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHeadwater streams support vital aquatic habitat yet are vulnerable to changing climate due to their high elevation and small size. Coldwater fish are especially sensitive to the altered streamflow and water temperature regimes during summer low flow periods. Though previous studies have provided insights on how changes in climate and alterations in stream discharge may affect habitat availability for various native cutthroat trout species, suitable physical habitats have not been evaluated under future climate projections for the threatened Greenback Cutthroat Trout (GBCT) native to headwater regions of Colorado, USA. Thus, this study used field data collected from selected headwater streams across the current distribution of GBCT to construct one‐dimensional hydraulic models to evaluate streamflow and physical habitat under four future climate projections. Results illustrate reductions in both predicted streamflow and physical habitat for all future climate projections across study sites. The projected mean summer streamflow shows greater decline (−52% on average) compared to the projected decline in mean August flow (−21% on average). Moreover, sites located at a relative higher elevation with larger substrate and steeper slope were projected to experience more reductions in physical habitat due to streamflow reductions. Specifically, streams with step‐pool morphologies may experience grater changes in available habitat compared to pool‐riffle streams. Future climate change studies related to coldwater fish that examine spatial variation in flow alteration could provide novel data to complement the existing literature on the thermal characteristics. Tailoring reintroduction and management efforts for GBCT to the individual headwater stream with adequate on‐site monitoring could provide a more holistic conservation approach.
On the security of ring learning with error‐based key exchange protocol against signal leakage attack
Authors: Pursharthi Komal , Mishra Dheerendra 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDue to the rapid development of mobile communication and hardware technologies, several mobile‐based web applications have gained popularity among mobile users. Mobile users can utilize these devices to access numerous services over the Internet. To ensure secure communication, different key exchange and authentication (KEA) protocols are proposed and frequently used. However, due to the advent of quantum computers, numerous quantum‐safe KEA protocols are also developed using various complex mathematical problems in ideal lattices. As it is an emerging and developing area, we analyze the security of recently suggested ring learning with error based KEA protocols. The goal of this study is to gain a comprehensive understanding of quantum‐safe KEA mechanisms. For our study, we have considered Dharminder's LWE‐based KEA mechanism and Dharminder and Chandran's LWE‐based KEA mechanism. These protocols enable effective communication and provide a better means for safely transmitting messages between user and server. However, we have discovered that a fundamental security weakness in these methods makes them vulnerable to signal leakage attacks (SLA). Based on our analysis, we demonstrated security weakness against SLA and provide the road‐map for secure construction.
Failure probability assessment of emergency safety barriers integrating an extension of event tree analysis and Fuzzy type‐2 analytic hierarchy process
Authors: Daas Samia , Innal Fares 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLiquefied petroleum gas (LPG) storage fires and explosions occur due to uncontrolled gas leaks and the gradual breakdown of associated safety barriers. By installing an effective safety barrier, these accidents can be greatly reduced. However, this study assesses the probability of failure of emergency safety barriers (ESBs) to help decision makers understand how they can support decisions to reduce the risks associated with LPG storage. In this context, an extension of the event tree analysis is proposed named emergency event tree analysis (EETA). The aim of this paper is to develop an integrated approach that uses interval type‐2 fuzzy sets and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method and emergency event tree analysis to handle uncertainty in the failure probability assessment of emergency safety barriers (ESBs). In addition, a case study on the failure probability assessment of the emergency safety barriers of the LPG plant in Algeria based on the proposed methodology is provided and carried out to illustrate its effectiveness and feasibility. The results demonstrated the ability of interval type‐2 fuzzy sets and the AHP method to provide highly reliable results and to evaluate the failure probability of emergency safety barriers in emergencies situations. However, the classical event tree analysis (CETA) does not take into account the possibility of assessing the emergency consequences of different accident scenarios. Consequently, it only allows you to estimate the occurrence probability of accident scenarios. The results of this study show that the value of the probability of failure of the emergency safety barriers can be used to estimate the probability of occurrence of emergency consequences under different accident scenarios, improved the reliability and help prioritize emergency improvement measures. The study provides scientific and operational references for analyzing emergency consequences of the various accident scenarios in all fields such as petrochemical, maritime industry, and health occupational.
Identification and exploitation of wild rye (Secale spp.) during the early Neolithic in the Middle Euphrates valley
Authors: Douché Carolyne , Willcox George 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCharred remains of wild rye from five sites in the Middle Euphrates region in Syria dated to the end of the Pleistocene and the beginning of the Holocene are examined. This period spans the transition from gathering to the beginnings of cultivation. Today wild rye cannot grow in the region because temperatures and aridity are too pronounced. Wild rye grains and wild two-grained einkorn are morphologically similar, which has led to difficulties in identification; in some cases rye may have been identified as two-grained einkorn or as Triticum/Secale. In this paper, with reference to modern specimens and re-examination of charred material from Dja’de el-Mughara, Jerf el-Ahmar and Mureybet, we examine the criteria for identification and revise the results for charred caryopses and wild spikelet bases. We then present these new results which show that at the early Neolithic sites of Jerf el-Ahmar, Mureybet, Dja’de el-Mughara and Tell ‘Abr 3 wild rye frequencies are much higher than einkorn but wild barley is the dominant cereal. This is followed by discussions of how and why wild rye may have been exploited during the early Neolithic and why rye disappears from Euphrates sites with the advent of mixed farming.
Great apes reach momentary altered mental states by spinning
Authors: Lameira Adriano R. , Perlman Marcus 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAmong animals, humans stand out in their consummate propensity to self-induce altered states of mind. Archaeology, history and ethnography show these activities have taken place since the beginnings of civilization, yet their role in the emergence and evolution of the human mind itself remains debatable. The means through which modern humans actively alter their experience of self and reality frequently depend on psychoactive substances, but it is uncertain whether psychedelics or other drugs were part of the ecology or culture of pre-human ancestors. Moreover, (nonhuman) great apes in captivity are currently being retired from medical research, rendering comparative approaches thus far impracticable. Here, we circumvent this limitation by harnessing the breadth of publicly available YouTube data to show that apes engage in rope spinning during solitary play. When spinning, the apes achieved speeds sufficient to alter self-perception and situational awareness that were comparable to those tapped for transcendent experiences in humans (e.g. Sufi whirling), and the number of revolutions spun predicted behavioural evidence for dizziness. Thus, spinning serves as a self-sufficient means of changing body-mind responsiveness in hominids. A proclivity for such experiences is shared between humans and great apes, and provides an entry point for the comparative study of the mechanisms, functions, and adaptive value of altered states of mind in human evolution.
Structural characterization of a cytosine-rich potential quadruplex forming sequence in the EGFR promoter
Authors: Ghezzo Michele , Sissi Claudia 
Published: March 2023

AbstractI-motifs are tetra-helixes that may form in cytosine-rich strands. They are based on cytosine–cytosine+ base pairs that require the N3 hemi-protonation of the nucleobases, and therefore, the stability of these non-canonical DNA arrangements depends on pH. These structures are promising targets for the development of new cancer therapies since they are enriched in the promoters of oncogenes where they can play a role in the regulation of transcription. The proximal promoter of the EGFR oncogene has multiple regions with a significant potential to form such a tetra-helix arrangement. Here, we present the thermodynamic characterization of a C-rich sequence located 37 nucleotides upstream of the transcription starting site of EGFR. We confirmed the ability of this sequence to fold into an I-motif. By applying a global analysis of calorimetric and spectroscopic data, we derived the dependency of the apparent standard Gibbs free energy change associated with the I-motif folding upon temperature and pH. The results showed that, in contrast to in silico prediction, only 4 CC+ base pairs formed while additional GC and TT base pairings were detected in the I-motif. Noteworthy, a single residue mutation at G14 largely shifts the equilibrium toward the formation of multimeric species.
Bidirectional relationships between interpretation biases, safety behaviors, and social anxiety
Authors: Prieto-Fidalgo Ángel , Calvete Esther 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTheoretical models of social anxiety (SA) propose bidirectional relationships between SA, interpretation biases, and safety behaviors (Safe-B). However, longitudinal studies evaluating these bidirectional relationships are scarce. The main objective of this study was to analyze the bidirectional relationships between interpretation biases (from ambiguous situations and ambiguous faces), Safe-B, and SA. A two-time longitudinal study was carried out with the participation of 575 vocational training students (M = 19.49, SD = 2.41). Both the interpretation biases measured through ambiguous situations and ambiguous faces and the Safe-B predicted higher levels of SA in the second time. In turn, a bidirectional relationship was found between SA and Safe-B. However, no bidirectional relationships were found between interpretation biases and Safe-B and between biases and SA. Among others, the limitations of the study include the high attrition rate (30.4%) and the high proportion of male students (62.1%). The findings highlight the role of interpretation bias and Safe-B in SA. In turn, as a new initiative, the study supports the bidirectional relationship between Safe-B and SA. Implications are discussed throughout the manuscript.
Detection of geological anomalies in coal mining working faces using a scattered-wave imaging method
Authors: Zhang Jun , Yang Cai , Liu Shengdong , Li Chunyang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA concealed geological structure encountered during the excavation of a coal working face could connect the working face to high-pressure water in limestone strata, which can result in a serious or catastrophic water inrush accident. However, existing geophysical detection methods used to ensure the geological safety of working faces cannot detect small geological anomalies reliably. Based on the generalized theory of scattered waves, we have developed a novel and superior scattered wave imaging method for the detection at the roadway lateral wall, capable of wave vector extraction and multiwave imaging. In this method, the waves scattered from a geological anomaly can be dynamically and accurately extracted by the polarized filter function during the mapping processes of common scattering point (CSP) gathers. A numerical simulation was performed to study the seismic wave response characteristics of a small collapse column in a coal working face. The P and channel waves of the model were extracted and imaged using the novel imaging method. A field study of three-component seismic detection was performed in the Xuzhuang Coal Mine, demonstrating that the joint imaging of body and channel waves can detect small drop faults invisible to channel wave imaging alone. These results indicate that the proposed method can effectively image anomalous bodies on working faces in complex and noisy mine wavefields using multiwave information, providing a new approach for the reliable and timely detection of hazardous geological features hidden in working faces.
Patellofemoral Syndrome: a Review of Diagnosis and Treatment
Authors: Walli Omar , McCay Marissa , Tiu Timothy 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Patellofemoral syndrome (PFS) is a common condition seen in people with anterior knee pain. This review explores patient presentations and exam maneuvers used for diagnosis, as well as established/up-and-coming treatment interventions.

Recent Findings
Pain reduction and prevention are the main goals for PFS as they negatively affect quality of life. Combination hip and knee exercises have been found to be most beneficial during therapy due to the multifactorial etiology of PFS. Combining exercise therapy with patellar taping has also shown a reduction in acute pain. Ultrasound may be used to evaluate for associated findings. Blood flow restriction and trigger point injections are options that may be helpful for pain reduction but further research is required.

Summary
PFS is a common clinical diagnosis requiring a robust patient history, supported by various physical exam maneuvers. Treatment involves a patient tailored approach, often with combinations of conservative management and interventional procedures.