bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seasonal Assessment of Ecological and Human Health Risks of Trace Metals in the Saigon River Surface Water, Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Binh Thanh , Van Nguyen Nghia , Van Thai Nam 
Published: February 2023

AbstractRiver water pollution with potentially toxic elements can be quantified via hydrological studies, while its potential impacts on the ecosystem and human health can be assessed via the indices of ecological risk (RI) and human health hazard (HI). This study aims to assess potential ecological and human health risks of trace‐element pollution of the Saigon River surface water, based on seasonal, position, and tidal changes. Surface water samples are taken during dry and rainy seasons and analyzed for Cu, Cr, Mn, Pb, Ni, and Zn. The trace‐element concentrations are used to compute RI and HI. Of the six elements, Cu accounted for 87.7 and 12.5% of the total variance of RI and HI, respectively. The RI and HI values are strongly correlated and are higher in dry season than in rainy season. The HI value of >1 for children suggests that children's health may be sensitive to the adverse impacts of the current status of the trace‐element pollution. Overall, the trace‐element pollution of the river surface water is at a moderate ecological risk in dry season but at a low ecological risk in rainy season. The potentially hazardous elements can have detrimental impacts on children's health in both seasons.
Carbon Dioxide Reduction on Transition Metal Dichalcogenides with Ni and Cu Edge Doping: A Density‐Functional Theory Study
Authors: Kruchinin Ronen , Diéguez Oswaldo 
Published: February 2023

AbstractTransition‐metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have promising properties for their use as catalysts of CO2 reduction to methane via the Sabatier reaction. In this article we use density‐functional theory calculations to gain insight into the energetics of this reaction for Mo/W‐based and S/Se‐based TMDs with non‐, Ni‐ and Cu‐doping. We show that sulfur‐based TMDs with Ni/Cu doping exhibit better indicators for catalytic performance of the CO2 reduction reaction than non‐doped and doped TMDs without active sites. In addition, the role of the transition metal was found to a much smaller influence in the reaction than the role of the chalcogen and dopant atoms, which influence the bonding strength and type, respectively.
Implementing Regenerative Practices on the Farm: It’s Complicated for Renters
Authors: Kish Stacy 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMore and more farmers these days are putting regenerative practices into place on the land they own for the long‐term sustainability of their operations. But what happens to farmland that is rented out? Many of the practices behind regenerative agriculture like building soil health and biodiversity and limiting the need for external inputs, provide benefits that are seen over time and not necessarily year to year. Renters often lack the leverage with the land owner to put regenerative practices into action. Earn 1 CEU in Sustainability by reading this article and taking the quiz at https://web.sciencesocieties.org/Learning‐Center/Courses.
Genotypic and environmental contributions to lint yield, yield components, and fiber quality in upland cotton from Arkansas variety trials over a 19‐year period
Authors: Virk Gurpreet , Snider John L. , Bourland Fred 
Published: February 2023

AbstractLint yields and their underlying yield components can be substantially influenced by genotype and environment. Thus, the objectives of the current study were to quantify genotypic and environmental contributions to lint yield, yield components, and fiber quality in multi‐site variety trials conducted in Arkansas over a 19‐year period, to identify the traits most strongly associated with lint yield, and to quantify long‐term trends in the aforementioned traits. Annual assessments included lint yield, seeds per hectare (SPH), intra‐boll yield components, and fiber quality parameters. Production environment accounted for a higher percentage of all yield variability in 15 out of 19 years. However, four years were identified in which genotypic contributions were greater than environmental contributions. Genotype was a dominant driver of variability in lint percent, lint index, seed score, seed index, fibers per seed, fiber density, fiber length, strength, and uniformity. Production environment was the dominant driver of variability in SPH, and micronaire. Correlations between yield components and yield varied substantially from year to year, even when genotype was the primary yield driver. A regression function that utilized lint index and SPH was a stronger and more consistent indicator of genotypic variation in lint yield than any single yield component. Finally, long‐term trends show that lint percent has increased significantly over the past 19 years, whereas seed index has declined 19.6% for cotton varieties with the highest lint yields.
Metal‐Organic Assembly Strategy for the Synthesis of Layered Metal Chalcogenide Anodes for Na+/K+‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Wang Yuyu , Kang Wenpei , Sun Daofeng 
Published: February 2023

AbstractLayered transition metal chalcogenides (MX, M=Mo, W, Sn, V; X=S, Se, Te) have large ion transport channels and high specific capacity, making them promising for large‐sized Na+/K+ energy‐storage technologies. Nevertheless, slow reaction kinetics and huge volume expansion will induce an undesirable electrochemical performance. Numerous efforts have been devoted to designing MX anodes and enhancing their electrochemical performance. Based on the metal‐organic assembly strategy, nanostructural engineering, combination with carbon materials, and component regulation can be easily realized, which effectively boost the performance of MX anodes. In this Review, we present a comprehensive overview on the synthesis of MX nanostructure using the metal‐organic assembly strategy, which can realize the design of MX nanostructures, based on self‐sacrificial templates, host@guest tailored templates, post‐modified layer and derivative templates. The preparation routes and structure evolution are mainly discussed. Then, Mo‐, W‐, Sn‐, V‐based chalcogenides used for Na+/K+ energy storage are reviewed, and the relationship between the structure and the electrochemical performance, as well as the energy storage mechanism are emphasized. In addition, existing challenges and future perspectives are also presented.
Lack of evidence that fibrillin1 regulates bone morphogenetic protein 4 activity in kidney or lung
Authors: McKnite Autumn , Kim Hyung‐Seok , Silva Joshua , Christian Jan L. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe Bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) precursor protein is cleaved at two sites to generate an active ligand and inactive prodomain. The ligand and prodomain form a noncovalent complex following the first cleavage, but dissociate after the second cleavage. Transient formation of this complex is essential to generate a stable ligand. Fibrillins (FBNs) bind to the prodomains of BMPs, and can regulate the activity of some ligands. Whether FBNs regulate BMP4 activity is unknown.ResultsMice heterozygous for a null allele of Bmp4 showed incompletely penetrant kidney defects and females showed increased mortality between postnatal day 6 and 8. Removal of one copy of Fbn1 did not rescue or enhance kidney defects or lethality. The lungs of Fbn1+/− females had enlarged airspaces that were unchanged in Bmp4+/−;Fbn1+/− mice. Additionally, removal of one or both alleles of Fbn1 had no effect on steady state levels of BMP4 ligand or on BMP activity in postnatal lungs.ConclusionsThese findings do not support the hypothesis that FBN1 plays a role in promoting BMP4 ligand stability or signaling, nor do they support the alternative hypothesis that FBN1 sequesters BMP4 in a latent form, as is the case for other BMP family members.
Isolation and identification of progenitors, glycoconjugates of β‐damascenone precursors, in sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas)
Authors: Kaneshima Tai , Nojima Satoshi , Mori Shoko , Myoda Takao , Nakahara Koichi , Matsuo Yoshihide 
Published: February 2023

Abstractβ‐Damascenone, which has a characteristic sweet and fruity aroma, is a key flavour of various food and drinks, including sweet potato shochu, a Japanese traditional spirit. The compound in the spirits is known to be hydrolytically generated and liberated from progenitors in sweet potato during the manufacturing processes. However, thus far, the progenitors have not been well investigated. In this study, we isolated and identified 11 glycosidic progenitor compounds 1–11 using various chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques combined with a hydrolysis assay. These progenitors consist of two types of aglycones [3,5,9‐trihydroxymegastigma‐6,7‐diene (A1) and 3,9‐dihydroxymegastigma‐4,6,7‐triene (A2)] and four types of glycones [β‐d‐glucopyranoside (G1), (2‐O‐β‐apiofuranosyl)‐β‐d‐glucopyranoside (G2), (6‐O‐β‐xylopyranosyl)‐β‐d‐glucopyranoside (G3) and (2‐O‐β‐d‐apiofuranosyl,6‐O‐β‐d‐xylopyranosyl)‐β‐d‐glucopyranoside (G4)]. Aglycones A1 and A2 are known as direct precursors of β‐damascenone, and compounds 1–3, which have A1 as an aglycone, have been previously reported from other plant materials. On the other hand, compounds 4–11 are newly characterized as glycosidic progenitors of β‐damascenone.
Differential optineurin expression controls TGFβ signaling and is a key determinant for metastasis of triple negative breast cancer
Authors: Liu Sijia , van Dinther Maarten , Hagenaars Sophie C. , Gu Yuanzhuo , Kuipers Thomas B. , Mei Hailiang , Gomez‐Puerto Maria Catalina , Mesker Wilma E. , ten Dijke Peter 
Published: February 2023

AbstractTriple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most challenging breast cancer subtype to treat due to its aggressive characteristics and low response to the existing clinical therapies. Distant metastasis is the main cause of death of TNBC patients. Better understanding of the mechanisms underlying TNBC metastasis may lead to new strategies of early diagnosis and more efficient treatment. In our study, we uncovered that the autophagy receptor optineurin (OPTN) plays an unexpected role in TNBC metastasis. Data mining of publicly available data bases revealed that the mRNA level of OPTN in TNBC patients positively correlates with relapse free and distance metastasis free survival. Importantly, in vitro and in vivo models demonstrated that OPTN suppresses TNBC metastasis. Mechanistically, OPTN inhibited the pro‐oncogenic transforming growth factor‐β (TGFβ) signaling in TNBC cells by interacting with TGFβ type I receptor (TβRI) and promoting its ubiquitination for degradation. Consistent with our experimental findings, the clinical TNBC samples displayed a negative correlation between OPTN mRNA expression and TGFβ gene response signature and expression of proto‐typic TGFβ target genes. Altogether, our study demonstrates that OPTN is a negative regulator for TGFβ receptor/SMAD signaling and suppresses metastasis in TNBC.
Biological properties of hydroxyapatite coatings on titanium dioxide nanotube surfaces using negative pressure method
Authors: Wang Yan , Tang Shuang , Ding Ning , Zhang Zutai 
Published: February 2023

AbstractTitanium (Ti) exhibits superior biocompatibility and mechanical properties but is bioinert, while hydroxyapatite (HA) possesses excellent osteogenesis and is widely used for the modification of Ti surface coatings. However, the synthesis of homogeneous and stable HA on metallic materials is still a major challenge. In this study, porous titanium dioxide nanotube arrays were prepared on Ti surface by anodic oxidation, loaded with calcium and phosphorus precursors by negative pressure immersion, and HA coating was formed by in situ crystallization of calcium and phosphorus on the surface by hydrothermal heating. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and bonding strength were conducted to confirm the surface characteristics of each group. The cell proliferation, mineralization degree, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity of MC3T3‐E1 cells on samples were calculated and compared in vitro experiments. Cylindrical samples were implanted into rat femurs to evaluate biocompatibility and osteogenesis in vivo. The results showed that HA crystals successfully synthesized in TiO2 nanotubes, enhancing the bonding strength of HA coating and Ti substrate under negative pressure. Moreover, HA coating on Ti substrate remarkably enhanced cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation activity in vitro, and improved new bone formation as well as osseointegration in vivo.
Multi‐lane recognition using the YOLO network with rotatable bounding boxes
Authors: Park Hee‐Mun , Park Jin‐Hyun 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCurrently, driver assistance and autonomous driving functions are emerging as essential convenience functions in automobiles. For autonomous driving, fast and accurate lane recognition is required, along with driving environment recognition. The recognized lanes must be divided into ego and left‐ and right‐side lanes. Among deep learning, the You Only Look Once (YOLO) network is widely known as a fast and accurate object detection technique. The general methods are not robust to angle variations of the objects because of the use of a traditional bounding box, a rotation variant structure for locating rotated objects. The rotatable bounding box (RBBox) can effectively handle situations where the orientation angles of the objects are arbitrary. This study uses a YOLO approach with RBBox to recognize multi‐lane accurately. The proposed method recognizes the ego lane and its surrounding lanes by accurately distinguishing them. And the proposed method shows stable multi‐lane recognition performance by predicting them that exist in the images but do not exist in the ground truth of the TuSimple data set. Even compared to other lane recognition methods, it shows good competitiveness. Nevertheless, more training data and network learning are needed in a specific road environment (a lane is centered on the image).
The optimal strategy for 3D‐printed uncemented endoprosthesis for the bone defect reconstruction of the distal radius, based on biomechanical analysis and retrospective cohort study
Authors: Gong Taojun , Luo Yi , Lu Minxun , Wang Jie , Zhang Yuqi , Wang Yitian , Tang Fan , Li Zhuangzhuang , Zhou Yong , Min Li , Tu Chongqi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIntroductionProsthetic reconstruction after resecting giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB) of the distal radius has been proposed. However, this is generally associated with various complications. To improve the functional outcomes, we designed a three‐dimensional (3D)‐printed uncemented endoprosthesis. Meanwhile, using finite‐element analysis and clinical observation, an optimization strategy was explored.Materials and MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed patients with Campanacci III or recurrent GCTB of the distal radius who underwent 3D‐printed uncemented endoprosthesis reconstruction. Clinically, according to the different palmar tilts of the endoprosthesis, patients were divided into the biological angle (BA) group and the zero‐degree (ZD) group. We recorded and evaluated the differences in functional outcomes and complications between the two groups. Biomechanically, four 3D finite‐element models (normal and customized endoprostheses with three different implemented palmar tilts) were developed.ResultsWe analyzed 22 patients (12 males and 10 females). The median follow‐up period was 60 (range, 19–82) months. Of the 22 patients, 11 patients were included in the BA group and the remaining 11 patients were in the ZD group. Both groups showed no significant differences in the range of motion, Mayo score, and disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand scores postoperatively. The subluxation rate was significantly lower in the ZD group than in the BA group. The biomechanical results showed similar stress and displacement distribution patterns in the normal and prosthetic reconstruction models. Additionally, the endoprosthesis with 0° palmar tilt showed better biomechanical performance.Conclusion3D‐printed uncemented endoprosthesis provides acceptable midterm outcomes in patients undergoing distal radius reconstruction. Optimizing the design by decreasing the palmar tilt may be beneficial for decreasing the risk of wrist joint subluxation.
The effect of cochlear size on electrically evoked auditory brainstem responses in deaf children
Authors: Zhu Han‐Yu , Sun Jia‐Qiang , Sun Jing‐Wu , Guo Xiao‐Tao 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo investigate the relationship between auditory pathway function and cochlear size in deaf children with a radiologically normal inner ear or Mondini malformation.MethodsThirty‐five deaf children without inner ear malformations (IEMs) and forty cases with Mondini malformation were included in this study. The electrically evoked auditory brainstem responses (EABRs) evoked by electrical stimulation at the round window niche (RWN) and round window membrane (RWM) were recorded during cochlear implantation (CI) surgery. The anatomical parameters of the cochlea were assessed by high‐resolution computed tomography and OTOPLAN 3‐D construction software. Correlations between EABRs and cochlear sizes were analyzed.ResultsThe EABR thresholds and/or latencies were negatively correlated with the basal cochlear diameter, cochlear width and/or cochlear duct length in both patients without IEMs and those with Mondini malformation.ConclusionThe physiological function of the peripheral auditory system depends on the anatomical structure of the cochlea to an extent. A larger cochlear size appears to be associated with better auditory conduction function. Our findings may be beneficial to selection of the proper electrode type and prediction of postoperative auditory rehabilitation.Level of EvidenceLevel 4.
Biogenic Synthesis of Zinc Oxide/Chitosan Nanocomposite using Callistemon citrinus (Bottle Brush) for Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue
Authors: Usman Usman Lawal , Singh Nakshatra Bahadur , Allam Bharat Kumar , Banerjee Sushmita 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDischarges from various industries have polluted water bodies, resulting in adverse health problems both to the aquatic biota and humans. The biological approach to treat these wastewaters is considered ecologically friendly, sustainable, and reliable. The present study investigates the efficiency of green fabricated ZnO/chitosan nanocomposite (NC) for methylene blue (MB) dye photodegradation in an aqueous solution under ultraviolet irradiations. The fabricated NC is characterized using different techniques such as X‐ray diffractometer (XRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE‐SEM), UV–Vis spectroscopy, Energy Dispersive X‐rays (EDX), and Fourier Transform‐Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). ZnO/chitosan NC is used for the photodegradation of MB under different conditions. The results reveal that the ZnO‐Chitosan NC efficiently photodegraded 99.2% of MB dye under the experimental condition (Temp = 25 °C, photocatalyst dose = 0.2 g L‐1, contact time of irradiation 120 min at pH 8). The photodegradation process has been found to follow pseudo first‐order kinetic model. Photocatalyst after desorption can be used seven times effectively. The photodegradation model has also been proposed.
Understanding the Excited State Intramolecular Proton Transfer Phenomena of 2‐Hydroxy‐3‐Naphthaldehyde Thiosemicarbazone
Authors: Sil Akash , Mukhopadhyay Madhumita , Bose Debosreeta 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe specific objective of this theoretical study is to explore the excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) property of 2‐hydroxy‐3‐naphthaldehyde thiosemicarbazone (2H3NS). Proton transfer takes place when the acidic or basic part of a molecule becomes stronger in the excited state which leads to the formation of a tautomer. This takes place via an intramolecular hydrogen bond formation between the two moieties that opens a door for the intramolecular proton transfer process. The present approach utilizes density functional theoretical (DFT) approach to determine the proper geometrical optimization of the molecule, determination of the intramolecular bond distance of O─H during the transition state between the enolic and tautomeric forms, and simulating potential energy curves (PECs) at both the ground and excited states. The excited states explore include the first two singlet states (S1, S2) and the first excited triplet state (T1). The distances of the detachable H from the O atom and the N atom (to which it gets attached) have been used as the unique reaction coordinates to check the variation in the angle O···H···N. The ensuing results help to determine the progress of the prototropic process as both lead to the same species passing through the same transition state. The findings are further corroborated by FTIR spectroscopy through the formation of both O─H and ─N─H bond in the transition state. Frontier molecular orbitals of the tautomer's at the ground state reveals the shifting charge density from ─O─H to N─H region in the HOMO and certifies the stated mechanism.
A DFT+U Based Study of Full‐Heusler Alloy Ru2VSi
Authors: Kapil Jyoti , Shukla Pramila , Pathak Ashish 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this paper, the structural, electronic, magnetic, and elastic properties of Full‐Heusler alloy Ru2VSi are studied using density functional theory (DFT) by implementing Hubbard correction parameter (U). The calculations are performed using Generalized Gradient Approximation (GGA) with and without implementation of U and the results are compared. With GGA only, the compound shows a metallic behavior with the overlapping of bands in both the up and down spin states and exhibits a non‐integral magnetic moment. With the incorporation of U, the alloy shows a half‐metallic behavior with a finite indirect band‐gap of 0.51 eV in the spin‐down state and a metallic character in the spin‐up state. It also shows an integral magnetic moment of 1.00 μB, in good agreement with the Slater‐Pauling Rule for half‐metallicity in Full‐Heusler alloys. The elastic properties indicate toward the stability of this compound against external stresses and deformations. The observed properties make this compound a suitable material for applications based on spintronic devices.
Dynamics of Proton Transport in Polyethylene Oxide (PEO) with Ammonium Perchlorate (NH4ClO4)
Authors: Pratap Rana , Singh Abhimanyu , Singh Ram Chandra , Singh Manoj K. , Alheety Mustafa A. , Aldbea Ftema W. , Samsudin A. S. , Singh Pramod .K 
Published: February 2023

AbstractNH4ClO4 has a very high ionic conductivity ∼ 10−5 Scm−1 in which probable charge carrying mobile species is H+ ion apart from the anion ClO4−. The H+ can be derived either from the –CH2‐CH2‐ of the polymer PEO chain or from the NH4+ of the complexing salt. In order to identify the mobile H+ species and to investigate its dynamics, a wide‐line nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) study has been carried as a function of temperature. The two types of H+ species, as stated above, have been found to show different temperature dependence of the respective NMR‐linewidths. It has been established that only one of these H+ species (i.e., belonging to NH4+ cation) contributes predominantly to the room temperature conductivity.