bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ecuadorian Children’s Willingness to Protect Endangered Species – Identifying Behavioral Predictors in a Biodiversity Hotspot
Authors: Büscher Milan , Stein Lea , Durán María Elisa , Cazar María-Elena , Hillebrand Philip , Schlünder Susanne , Fiebelkorn Florian 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The loss of biodiversity is a problem that particularly affects biodiversity hotspots. Children play a crucial role in the conservation of endangered species. One important prerequisite for conservation behavior is the willingness to protect endangered animal species. The present study investigated the influence of several variables on Ecuadorian children’s willingness to protect domestic endangered animal species (N = 154; MAge = 8.57; SD = 0.55; 48.1% female). Gender, caring beliefs (a subdimension of the wildlife value orientation), dispositional empathy with endangered animals, and threat perception of the Andean condor (Vultur gryphus) toward humans were strong predictors of the willingness to protect them. Conversely, psychological distance, and threat perception of both the Andean bear (Tremarctos ornatus) and the jaguar (Panthera onca) had no significant influence on willingness to protect. However, their effects may be indirect. The results of this study are relevant for biodiversity conservation and educators in schools.
A Latin Chrysostom Collection, the Semi-Pelagian Controversy, and Sixth-century Rome
Authors: Dossey Leslie 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In 1894 Germain Morin identified a collection of 31 Pseudo-Chrysostomic sermons as the work of a single late antique Latin author. Although widely read in the Middle Ages, there is still little consensus about where or when this author wrote. Morin himself originally proposed sixth-century Naples, Adalbert de Vogüé noticed parallels with the Rule of the Master, and, most recently, Jean-Paul Bouhot and Francois Leroy have argued for fifth-century North Africa. This paper explores the collection’s contextual clues, pre-baptismal liturgy, and anti-Arian and anti-Pelagian theology to make a case for considering it the product of clerical circles within Ostrogothic Rome. The author may have been writing during the Second Semi-Pelagian Controversy (519–529 CE), perhaps in direct dialogue with Fulgentius of Ruspe. He displays an attitude towards human free will that is surprisingly similar to Boethius’s and may have been a member of the circles of Boethius, Proba, and the deacon John in the early 520s.
Social-Cultural Impacts of Development Projects: Expansion of Morogoro Highway in Tanzania
Authors: Kilonzo Rehema , Haule Kelvin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Land is one of the contentious development and political issue facing Tanzania and many Sub Saharan African countries. Most of these issues focus on the privatization of land as a result of neo-liberal economic reforms, evictions and conflicts generated. To understand development as a concept and its outcome, arguments in this paper are drawn from the study that explored socio-cultural impacts of the construction of Morogoro highway in Tanzania. Further, the paper makes an analysis of the land patterns and the meanings people attach to the land. Finally, we make an analysis of the social movements established by people in response to evictions along the highway. The study was conducted along Morogoro highway in Dar es Salaam and Pwani regions. It employed mainly qualitative approach, where archival information from NBS, Our World Data, indepth interviews, focus group discussions and observations were used. Key findings indicate that there is a gap between the meanings assigned to development projects and the socio-cultural configurations attached to land. This has resulted into myriad conflicts and evictions. A central argument in this paper is that for the land development program to be meaningful, there is a need to involve all land actors in the process.
Coronavirus Counter-Measures, The Treaty for the Establishment of the East African Community and Domestic Legal Requirements
Authors: Musokwa Irene 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This article examines the coronavirus counter-measures adopted by East African states from a legal perspective. The focus is whether the adopted measures infringe on the provisions of the Treaty for the Establishment of the East African Community (EAC) and domestic legislations, including the countries’ constitutional provisions. The legal recourse for East African citizens in instances where domestic remedies have failed will be examined in light of the role of the judicial organ of the East African Community, the East African Court of Justice (EACJ). An examination will be made on protection of human rights under the EAC Treaty and the jurisdiction of the EACJ in adjudicating on allegations of human rights violation. This contribution will proceed to debate on the existing relationship between international law and domestic laws; whether international law is superior to domestic law and whether international bodies can entertain a complaint by an individual or an institution on violation of human rights where redress has not been exhaustively sought through domestic legal systems.
COVID-19 or Existing Volatilities? Implications of COVID-19 on Violence in East Africa
Authors: Walwa William J. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This paper examines the implications of COVID-19 on violence in the traditional East African countries: Tanzania, Uganda and Kenya. The paper asserts that while episodes of violence increased during the pandemic, such episodes cannot be understood in isolation from the local context, which was already volatile before the pandemic. COVID-19 sparked the already existing conflicts and violence in different ways: Firstly, it increased state crimes – as it was exploited by repressive states and governments to legitimize clampdown of political opponents and civilians. Secondly, extremist groups exploited the fears and discontents caused by the pandemic to infuse violent narratives targeting a marginalized population affected by the pandemic, and finally, threats and attacks from extremist groups increased – as governments were preoccupied dealing with socio-economic and health problems caused by the pandemic. Thus, the extent to which the pandemic can cause violence is dependent on the context itself. Violent episodes increased in the East African context since it was already volatile before the pandemic.
Serbia and Montenegro and the Situation in Crete in 1897
Authors: Knežević Saša 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This article looks into the political stance and diplomatic activities of Serbia and Montenegro during the Cretan crisis at the end of the nineteenth century. At the time, no agreement was reached between Greece and the other Balkan states on any joint action due to mutually intertwined territorial and political claims. The Balkan states were trying to promote their individual political goals, either with the Sublime Porte or with the European Great Powers. Serbia, with support from Montenegro, required that the Porte grant church and school autonomy to the population in the northern districts of Ottoman Macedonia. Seeking to resolve the contentious issues with the Porte, Montenegro played a prominent role in the international gendarmerie mission in Crete from 1897 to 1899. The article is based on historical documents from the State Archives of Serbia and Montenegro, as well as the press of the time.
Transparency and Information Asymmetry in Financial Markets
Authors: Bar Aharon Daniel 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The paper deals with the application of aspects of behavioral finance in the context of investor protection reflected in EU financial regulation which puts an emphasis on disclosure requirements. Traditionally, financial regulatory frameworks maintain a status que assumption of “rational investors” contained within neoclassical economic theory, however reoccurring financial incidents have exposed a critical flaw in this understanding, consequently requiring a further examination of behavioral aspects within the context of financial regulation. It remains ambiguous how regulators may best use findings from behavioral finance to address flaws in their investor protection tools. Furthermore, neither expanding disclosure obligations nor enforcing a tougher paternalistic approach may suffice in their intent.
Tectonic Memories: Film, Geology and Archives in Diana Vidrașcu’s Volcano: What Does a Lake Dream? (2019)
Authors: Ashworth Toby 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This article explores the recording by documentary film of the imperceptible longue-durée of tectonic processes alongside the radical eventhood of volcanic eruption. Through an analysis of Romanian filmmaker Diana Vidrașcu’s Volcano: What Does a Lake Dream? (2019), I re-animate Gilles Deleuze’s discussion of islands to explore the temporal, philosophical, and mediatic implications of volcanic eruption, island formation, and the volcanic archive. I argue that in the film’s effort to reassert human memories of the tectonic alongside those of the landscape, it performs an incomplete reconciliation of the coeval processes and materialities of human and nonhuman, refusing to silence the human histories and archival excesses that are subsumed by narratives that emphasise the longue-durée of geological time.
Redefining Trochlear Dysplasia: Normal Thresholds Vary by Measurement Technique, Landmarks, and Sex
Authors: Tanaka Miho J. , Sodhi Alisha , Wadhavkar Isha , Kane Kylynn , Velasquez Hammerle Maria V. , Mangudi Varadarajan Kartik , Tornetta Paul 
Published: March 2023

Background: Trochlear dysplasia is a known risk factor for patellar instability. Multiple radiographic measurements exist to assess trochlear morphology, but the optimal measurement technique and threshold for instability are unknown. Purpose: To describe the optimal measurements and thresholds for trochlear dysplasia on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) that can identify knees with patellar instability in male and female patients. Study Design: Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Knee MRI scans of patients with patellar instability were compared with those of age- and sex-matched controls. Measurements of the sulcus angle, lateral trochlear inclination (LTI), and trochlear depth were performed on axial images using bony and cartilaginous landmarks. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed, with the area under the curve (AUC) describing the accuracy of each diagnostic test. Optimal cutoff values were calculated to distinguish between knees with and without patellar instability. AUC and cutoff values were reported for each measurement as well as for male and female subgroups. Results: A total of 238 knee MRI scans were included in this study (138 female, 100 male; age range, 18-39 years). Trochlear depth measurements had the greatest diagnostic value, with AUCs of 0.79 and 0.82 on bone and cartilage, respectively. All measurements (sulcus angle, LTI, trochlear depth) on bone and cartilage had an AUC ≥0.7 (range, 0.70-0.86), with optimal cutoff values of 145° (bone) and 154° (cartilage) for the sulcus angle, 17° (bone) and 13° (cartilage) for LTI, and 4 mm (bone) and 3 mm (cartilage) for trochlear depth. Optimal cutoff values in female patients varied from those in male patients for all measurements except for cartilaginous trochlear depth. Conclusion: Normal thresholds for trochlear dysplasia varied based on the use of bony versus cartilaginous landmarks. Cartilaginous trochlear depth measurements had the greatest ability to identify knees with patellar instability. Furthermore, optimal cutoff values for all measurements except for cartilaginous trochlear depth differed between female and male patients. These findings suggest that sex-specific parameters of normal values may be needed in the assessment of risk factors for patellofemoral instability.
A study of post-processing for AFP-fabricated thermoplastic composites with void content and air permeability characterization
Authors: Karimi Sasan , Louyeh Pouya Y , Barzegar Ali , Yildiz Mehmet , Sas Hatice S 
Published: March 2023

Improving the quality of fiber-reinforced composite laminates using out-of-autoclave techniques has been a challenge for a long time. The recent trends toward the replacement of autoclave processes with out-of-autoclave processes for thermoplastic composites still lack a compressive recipe. This study first develops an understanding of the integrated effect of the automated fiber placement (AFP) lay-up process parameters (compaction force and lay-up velocity) and the type of post-processing: i) autoclave and ii) vacuum bag only (VBO) processing with two vacuum hold times, 2 and 24 h. The void content results highlight the potential of the VBO process to replace the autoclave with an improved void content of VBO with 24 vacuum hold times. Then, this result has been correlated with the morphology of voids after the AFP lay-up as isolated or connected via air permeability characterization. This study reveals that the high air permeability to effective porosity ratio of samples after AFP lay-up which is achievable with low compaction force facilitates the air removal mechanism during the VBO process with sufficient vacuum hold times.
Measuring Behavior Problems in Children from Low-Income Families: A Rasch Analysis of the Child Behavior Checklist for Ages 1½–5
Authors: Hsiao Yu-Yu , Qi Cathy Huaqing , Dale Philip S. , Bulotsky-Shearer Rebecca , Wang Qing 
Published: March 2023

The Child Behavior Checklist for Ages 1.5–5 (CBCL/1½ –5) has been widely used by researchers and clinicians in the field of special education and psychology. The purpose of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the CBCL/1½-5 with a sample of preschool children from low-income families using the Rasch model. Participants included 244 children enrolled in a Head Start program. Findings suggested that both the Internalizing and Externalizing subscales are unidimensional and demonstrated local independence successfully, after misfit items were removed to fit the Rasch model. Both subscales operated well with high item reliability and low to medium person reliability, indicating that both subscales have stable item difficulty orders from sample to sample but weaker capacity to distinguish children with mild problem behaviors from those with more severe problems. Differential item functioning was found for a few items across child gender. Considering the length of the item sets, it is appropriate to use the subscale scores to compare the differences in problem behaviors between boys and girls. Overall, the CBCL/1½ –5 has adequate psychometric properties for detecting problem behaviors in preschool children from low-income families. Implications were discussed.
Randomised, prospective, blinded, clinical trial of opioid-free injectable anaesthesia with or without multimodal analgesia in kittens undergoing ovariohysterectomy
Authors: Malo Annie , Cheng Alice J , Ruel Hélène LM , Monteiro Beatriz P , Lutevele Nathanael , Marangoni Sabrine , Garbin Marta , Watanabe Ryota , Steagall Paulo V 
Published: March 2023

Objectives This study compared an opioid-free injectable anaesthetic protocol with or without multimodal analgesia in kittens undergoing ovariohysterectomy. Methods In this prospective, randomised, blinded, clinical trial, 29 healthy kittens (mean ± SD weight 1.55 ± 0.46 kg; aged 10 weeks to 6 months) were included. Anaesthesia was performed with an intramuscular injection of ketamine (4 mg/kg), dexmedetomidine (40 μg/kg) and midazolam (0.25 mg/kg). In the multimodal group (MMG), cats (n = 14) received meloxicam (0.1 mg/kg SC) and intraperitoneal bupivacaine 0.25% (2 mg/kg), whereas the same volume of saline was administered in the control group (CG; n = 15). Atipamezole (0.4 mg/kg IM) was given 15 mins after ovariohysterectomy. Postoperative pain was assessed using the UNESP-Botucatu multidimensional feline pain assessment scale – short form. Rescue analgesia (buprenorphine 0.02 mg/kg IM in MMG/CG and meloxicam 0.1 mg/kg SC in CG) was administered if pain scores were ⩾4/12. Soft food intake (after 2 and 60 mins) was evaluated at specific time points postoperatively. Statistical analyses were performed with linear models and post-hoc pairwise comparison with Benjamini–Hochberg corrections ( P <0.05). Results The prevalence of rescue analgesia was higher in the CG (n = 15/15) than the MMG (n = 1/14; P <0.001). Pain scores at 1 h, 2 h and 4 h postoperatively were higher in the CG (4.1 ± 2.8, 4.8 ± 3.0 and 5.3 ± 1.2, respectively) than in the MMG (1.6 ± 1.0, 1.1 ± 1.0 and 0.9 ± 0.8, respectively; P <0.001). Food intake (%) at 1 h postoperatively was higher in the MMG after 2 and 60 mins (10.4 ± 9 and 71.9 ± 29, respectively) than in the CG (1.4 ± 2 and 13.9 ± 7, respectively; P <0.001). Conclusions and relevance This opioid-free protocol using multimodal analgesia produced adequate postoperative pain relief, while almost eliminating the need for rescue analgesia in kittens undergoing ovariohysterectomy. Pain decreased food intake.
Management of infected arteriovenous grafts for haemodialysis: Outcomes and strategies using a novel objective scoring system
Authors: Chow Bing Jie , Chowdary Prashanth , Khurram Muhammad , Mohamed Ismail H 
Published: March 2023

Background: In haemodialysis patients with exhausted autogenous options, prosthetic arteriovenous grafts (AVGs) are frequently utilised as tertiary vascular access. However, the prosthetic nature of AVGs precipitates an increased risk of infection which may translate to excess morbidity and life-threatening complications. The current evidence remains divided on the optimal treatment strategy for arteriovenous graft infections (AVGi) with arguments for conservative management by antibiotics, salvaging with graft revision or total/subtotal excision. To address this gap, we assessed the outcomes of AVGi patients treated in our institution, developing an AVGi severity classification model and a proposed treatment algorithm to guide AVGi management. Methods: We conducted a single centre retrospective review of outcomes of patients with AVGi managed either by sole antibiotics therapy, graft revision or surgical excision between June 2016 and May 2021. Outcomes of AVGi patients across differing treatment groups were compared, including 1-year mortality, 6-month and 1-year functional vascular access. We also analysed the outcomes of tunnelled haemodialysis lines (THL), which were used as a temporary vascular access in several AVGi patients in our study. Results: A total of 34 AVGi patients were managed within that time frame and included in the study (5 conservatively management by antibiotics, 5 graft revisions and 24 surgical excision) with a mean age of 60.4 ± 14.4 years (67.6% males). Overall 1-year mortality was 14.7%. A 6-month functional vascular access status across the three groups stood at 60%, 60% and 10% while 1-year functional vascular access status was 60%, 75% and 42% respectively. Conclusions: When clinically appropriate, conservative management by antibiotics or salvage/graft revision can present as prudent AVGi treatment options. The adoption of our proposed severity classification system and treatment algorithm provides a more thorough objective assessment of the infection and helps guide the clinical decision-making process.
Three-Dimensional Printing to Guide Fenestrated/Branched TEVAR in Triple Aortic Arch Branch Reconstruction With a Curative Effect Analysis
Authors: Fu Dong-Sheng , Jin Yi , Zhao Zi-He , Wang Chao , Shi Ying-Huan , Zhou Ming-Jie , Zhao Jing-Xiong , Liu Chen , Qiao Tong , Liu Chang-Jian , Li Xiao-Qiang , Li Wen-Dong , Liu Zhao 
Published: March 2023

Purpose: To summarize experience with and the efficacy of fenestrated/branched thoracic endovascular repair (F/B-TEVAR) using physician-modified stent-grafts (PMSGs) under 3D printing guidance in triple aortic arch branch reconstruction. Materials and Methods: From February 2018 to April 2022, 14 cases of aortic arch aneurysms and 30 cases of aortic arch dissection (22 acute aortic arch dissection and 8 long-term aortic arch dissection)were treated by F/B-TEVAR in our department, including 34 males and 10 females, with an average age of 59.84 ± 11.72 years. Three aortic arch branches were affected in all patients. A 3D-printed model was made according to computed tomography angiography images and used to guide the fabrication of PMSGs. All patients were followed up. Results: A total of 132 branches were successfully reconstructed with no case of conversion to open surgery. The average operation time was 4.97 ± 1.40 hours, including a mean 44.05 ± 7.72 minutes for stent-graft customization, the mean postoperative hospitalization duration was 9.91 ± 4.47 days, the average intraoperative blood loss was 480.91 mL (100–2810 mL), and the mean postoperative intensive care unit monitoring duration was 1.02 days (0–5 days). No deaths occurred within 30 days of surgery. Postoperative neurological complications occurred in 1 case (2.3%), and retrograde type A dissection occurred in 1 case (2.3%). Conclusion: Compared with conventional surgery, triple aortic arch branch reconstruction under the guidance of 3D printing is a minimally invasive treatment method with the advantages of accurate positioning, rapid postoperative recovery, few complications, and reliable short- to mid-term effects. Clinical Impact At present the PMSG usually depend on imaging data and software calculation. With the guidance of 3D printing technology, image data could be transformed into 3D model, which has improved the accuracy of the positioning of the fenestrations. The diameter reduction technique and the internal mini cuff technique have made a complement to the slimed-down fenestration selection process and the low rate of endoleak. As reproducible study, our results may provide reference for TEVAR in different cases.