bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sleep-wakeup scheduling algorithm for lifespan maximization of directional sensor networks: a discrete cuckoo search optimization algorithm
Authors: Mortazavi Mir Gholamreza , Hosseini Shirvani Mirsaeid , Dana Arash , Fathy Mahmood 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDirectional sensor networks (DSNs) are ad-hoc networks which are utilized in different industrial applications. Their usual engagements are to monitor and to perform the coverage of all specific targets in the observing fields permanently. These kinds of networks include numerous configurable directional sensors in which they can be utilized in one of the possible directions along with the one of their adjustable ranges. Although the energy harvesting methodology is being applied for these battery-hungry applications, the battery management and network lifetime maximization are still prominent challenges. In this paper, the network lifetime extension is formulated to a discrete optimization problem which is a famous non-deterministic polynomial time hardness (NP-Hard) problem. To solve this combinatorial problem, a discrete cuckoo search algorithm (D-CSA) is designed and is called in several rounds. A cover is a sub set of configured sensors capable of monitoring all targets in the observing field. In each round, the most efficient cover is constituted along with its activation time. In the determined activation time, the sensors in the cover are scheduled in wakeup mode whereas others are set in sleep mode to save energy. Despite other meta-heuristic algorithms, this proposed algorithm utilizes the novel defined discrete walking around procedures that makes to reach a good balance between exploration and exploitation in this complex search space. The proposed algorithm has been tested in different scenarios to be evaluated. The simulation results in the variety circumstances prove the superiority of the proposed algorithm is about 20.29%, 19.55%, 14.40%, 14.51%, 7.70% and 8.03% in term of average lifespan improvement against H-MNLAR, Hm-LifMax-BC, GA, ACOSC, H-GATS, and HDPSO algorithms, respectively. The results also show the high potential scalability of the proposed algorithm.
Interaktionsbezogene Stressoren und Ressourcen – Entwicklung einer Taxonomie zur menschengerechten Gestaltung von Interaktionsarbeit
Authors: Wehrmann Jonas 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungAuch wenn sich bereits verschiedene Studien mit den besonderen Anforderungen von Interaktionsarbeit auseinandersetzen, wurden diese kaum aus einer integrierten Stressoren- und Ressourcenperspektive betrachtet (Bednarek 2014). So konzentriert sich die bisherige Forschung vor allem darauf, KundInnen in ihrer Rolle als Stressor zu untersuchen.Ziel des Beitrags ist es, interaktionsbezogene Stressoren und Ressourcen zu identifizieren, zu systematisieren und diese hinsichtlich ihrer Relevanz für eine menschengerechte Arbeitsgestaltung von Interaktionsarbeit zu reflektieren. So wird das Forschungsfeld zunächst mittels einer systematischen Literaturanalyse erschlossen und anschließend eine explorativ‐qualitative Studie durchgeführt. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass interaktionsbezogene Stressoren vor allem aus unhöflichem oder aggressivem Kundenverhalten, hohen Kundenansprüchen sowie traumatischen Erfahrungen resultieren. Interaktionsbezogene Ressourcen beziehen sich auf die Interaktion mit freundlichen KundInnen, die Dienstleistende bei ihrer Arbeit unterstützen und dazu beitragen, dass diese ihre Tätigkeit als sinnstiftend erleben. Konkrete Gestaltungsfaktoren schließen u. a. eine ausreichende Zeit- und Personalbemessung sowie interaktionsdienliche Arbeitsmittel ein.Praktische Relevanz: Die Studie schafft mit der Entwicklung einer branchen- und berufsübergreifenden Taxonomie einen konzeptionellen Rahmen, um Interaktionsarbeit gezielter menschengerecht gestalten zu können. Hierbei werden vier Themenfelder mit konkreten Gestaltungsfaktoren für interaktive Tätigkeiten aufgezeigt.
Energy and materials recovery from post-recycling wastes: WTE
Authors: Themelis Nickolas J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractOne of the most misunderstood technologies in some parts of the world and widely adopted technologies in others is the recovery of energy and materials by the controlled combustion of post-recycling wastes. This technology is commonly called waste-to-energy, or simply WTE. After all possible efforts for recycling or composting wastes, there remains a large post-recycling fraction that is either landfilled or used as fuel in WTE power plants that also recover metals and minerals. Several nations, e.g., Switzerland, Japan, Sweden, Belgium, Denmark, and Germany, have succeeded in phasing out landfilling by processing all theãir post-recycling municipal solid wastes (MSW) in WTE power plants. This paper reviews the evolution and importance of WTE in the twenty-first century, with special focus on the world’s largest economies: the EU, US, and China.Graphical abstract
Effects of post-mining forest restoration and alternative land uses on ground-dwelling arthropods in Ghana
Authors: Damptey Frederick Gyasi , Djoudi El Aziz , Birkhofer Klaus 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn an Afrotropical region experiencing massive deforestation, restoration approaches should provide sustainable solutions for recovering biodiversity. Arthropods are a sensitive taxonomic group for habitat alteration by deforestation and can be good indicators for restoration studies. Ground-dwelling arthropods provide important ecosystem functions, such as predation or organic matter decomposition, thereby contributing to ecosystem functionality. The consequences of post-mining management on arthropods in the Afrotropical region remain understudied. We carried out a comprehensive sampling of ground-dwelling arthropods in the dry and wet seasons across four land-use types in the semi-deciduous forest zone of Ghana. We then analysed whether the specific tree communities, vegetation structure and seasonal differences affected arthropod communities in the restored post-mining forest compared to the dominant alternative land-use type (agroforestry plantation), a natural reference (natural forest) or an unmanaged former mining area (gravel mine). In total, 43,364 arthropods were sampled and assigned to 78 taxonomic groups representing 14 order/sub-order, 28 beetle families, 25 spider families, 5 hunting guilds of spiders and 6 trophic groups of beetles. Overall, Araneae, Coleoptera, Hymenoptera and Orthoptera all had higher activity densities in the wet season. The vegetation structure of the three land-use types with trees supported a greater overall activity density of arthropods and a more diverse functional composition compared to the unmanaged gravel site. Pronounced variation between the dry and wet seasons further influenced the taxonomic and functional composition. The active forest restoration of this post-mining area is a promising approach to drive arthropod communities towards a comparable state observed in the natural forest.
MicroRNA-210-3p Regulates Endometriotic Lesion Development by Targeting IGFBP3 in Baboons and Women with Endometriosis
Authors: Kai Kentaro , Joshi Niraj R. , Burns Gregory W. , Hrbek Samantha M. , Vegter Erin L. , Ochoa-Bernal Maria Ariadna , Song Yong , Moldovan Genna E. , Sempere Lorenzo F. , Miyadahira Eduardo H. , Serafini Paulo C. , Fazleabas Asgerally T. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMicroRNAs (miRs) play an important role in the pathophysiology of endometriosis; however, the role of miR-210 in endometriosis remains unclear. This study explores the role of miR-210 and its targets, IGFBP3 and COL8A1, in ectopic lesion growth and development. Matched eutopic (EuE) and ectopic (EcE) endometrial samples were obtained for analysis from baboons and women with endometriosis. Immortalized human ectopic endometriotic epithelial cells (12Z cells) were utilized for functional assays. Endometriosis was experimentally induced in female baboons (n = 5). Human matched endometrial and endometriotic tissues were obtained from women (n = 9, 18–45 years old) with regular menstrual cycles. Quantitative reverse transcript polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) analysis was performed for in vivo characterization of miR-210, IGFBP3, and COL8A1. In situ hybridization and immunohistochemical analysis were performed for cell-specific localization. Immortalized endometriotic epithelial cell lines (12Z) were utilized for in vitro functional assays. MiR-210 expression was decreased in EcE, while IGFBP3 and COL8A1 expression was increased in EcE. MiR-210 was expressed in the glandular epithelium of EuE but attenuated in those of EcE. IGFBP3 and COL8A1 were expressed in the glandular epithelium of EuE and were increased compared to EcE. MiR-210 overexpression in 12Z cells suppressed IGFBP3 expression and attenuated cell proliferation and migration. MiR-210 repression and subsequent unopposed IGFBP3 expression may contribute to endometriotic lesion development by increasing cell proliferation and migration.
Thermal Error Modeling of Numerical Control Machine Based on Beetle Antennae Search Back-propagation Neural Networks
Authors: Bao Li , Xu Yulong , Zhou Qiang , Gao Peng , Guo Xiaoxia , Liu Ziqi , Jiang Hui 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThermal errors are one key impact factor on the processing accuracy of numerical control machine. This study targeted at a certain vertical processing center presents a new algorithm for predictive modeling of thermal errors in numerical control machine. This algorithm is founded on back-propagation neural networks (BPNNs) and adopts beetle antennae search (BAS) to find the best weights and thresholds of BPNNs. It avoids the local minimization due to local extremums faced by traditional BPNNs. The intermingling rate and arithmetic computation efficiency of neural network algorithms are further improved. Then, a BAS-BP thermal error prediction model is built with the machine temperature changes and thermal errors as the input data. Compared with conventional BPNNs, the BPNN after particle swarm optimization suggests the convergence rate of BAS-BP is improved by 85%, the leftover mistakes between the genuine information and the anticipated information are under 1 um, and the overall prediction precision is above 90%. Thus, the new model has high precision, high anti-disturbance ability and strong robustness.
Guidance on interim analysis methods in clinical trials
Authors: Ciolino Jody D. , Kaizer Alexander M. , Bonner Lauren Balmert 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Interim analyses in clinical trials can take on a multitude of forms. They are often used to guide Data and Safety Monitoring Board (DSMB) recommendations to study teams regarding recruitment targets for large, later-phase clinical trials. As collaborative biostatisticians working and teaching in multiple fields of research and across a broad array of trial phases, we note the large heterogeneity and confusion surrounding interim analyses in clinical trials. Thus, in this paper, we aim to provide a general overview and guidance on interim analyses for a nonstatistical audience. We explain each of the following types of interim analyses: efficacy, futility, safety, and sample size re-estimation, and we provide the reader with reasoning, examples, and implications for each. We emphasize that while the types of interim analyses employed may differ depending on the nature of the study, we would always recommend prespecification of the interim analytic plan to the extent possible with risk mitigation and trial integrity remaining a priority. Finally, we posit that interim analyses should be used as tools to help the DSMB make informed decisions in the context of the overarching study. They should generally not be deemed binding, and they should not be reviewed in isolation.
Incidence and risk factors for clinically confirmed secondary bacterial infections in patients hospitalized for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Authors: Park Hiromichi S. , McCracken Caitlin M. , Lininger Noah , Varley Cara D. , Sikka Monica K. , Evans Christopher , Villamagna Angela Holly , Makadia Jina T. , McGregor Jessina C. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjective:The true incidence and risk factors for secondary bacterial infections in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remains poorly understood. Knowledge of risk factors for secondary infections in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 is necessary to optimally guide selective use of empiric antimicrobial therapy.Design:Single-center retrospective cohort study of symptomatic inpatients admitted for COVID-19 from April 15, 2020, through June 30, 2021.Setting:Academic quaternary-care referral center in Portland, Oregon.Patients:The study included patients who were 18 years or older with a positive severe acute respiratory coronavirus virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) PCR test up to 10 days prior to admission.Methods:Secondary infections were identified based on clinical, radiographic, and microbiologic data. Logistic regression was used to identify risk factors for secondary infection. We also assessed mortality, length of stay, and empiric antibiotics among those with and without secondary infections.Results:We identified 118 patients for inclusion; 31 (26.3%) had either culture-proven or possible secondary infections among hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Mortality was higher among patients with secondary infections (35.5%) compared to those without secondary infection (4.6%). Empiric antibiotic use on admission was high in both the secondary and no secondary infection groups at 71.0% and 48.3%, respectively.Conclusions:The incidence of secondary bacterial infection was moderate among hospitalized patients with COVID-19. However, a higher proportion of patients received empiric antibiotics regardless of an identifiable secondary infection. Transfer from an outside hospital, baseline immunosuppressant use, and corticosteroid treatment were independent risk factors for secondary infection. Additional studies are needed to validate risk factors and best guide antimicrobial stewardship efforts.
A sustainable approach to plastic waste management in the Global South
Authors: Karadimas Dimitrios , Garner Emilye , Seay Jeffrey 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Although the awareness of the environmental damage caused by plastic pollution has recently increased, few steps have been taken to confront its consequences. These consequences are often most severe in the Global South where countries often lack proper waste management infrastructure. Unless the market value of plastic waste increases, it will simply be discarded, eventually making its way to the environment. It has been established that polyolefin plastic can be converted to a sulfur-free fuel oil by pyrolysis, suitable for use in diesel engines or as a clean cooking fuel. However, carrying out this chemistry in the Global South is challenging. Any process intended for use in the Global South must be safe, robust, efficient, simple to operate, low cost, and most importantly profitable for the operator. When the average daily wage in sub-Saharan Africa is less than 3 USD, an income provided from plastic waste fuel can be significant. The research presented herein focuses on the optimization of a plastic-to-fuel processor that can be built using the principles of appropriate technology. The results of this optimization and profitability assessment will be described. This research has been conducted in collaboration with the NGOs Empowered Solutions for Environmental Sustainability and UpCycle Africa.
The usability of daytime and night-time heart rate dynamics as digital biomarkers of depression severity
Authors: Siddi S. , Bailon R. , Giné-Vázquez I. , Matcham F. , Lamers F. , Kontaxis S. , Laporta E. , Garcia E. , Lombardini F. , Annas P. , Hotopf M. , Penninx B. W. J. H. , Ivan A. , White K. M. , Difrancesco S. , Locatelli P. , Aguiló J. , Peñarrubia-Maria M. T. , Narayan V. A. , Folarin A. , Leightley D. , Cummins N. , Vairavan S. , Ranjan Y. , Rintala A. , de Girolamo G. , Simblett S. K. , Wykes T. ,   PAB members, Myin-Germeys I. , Dobson R. , Haro J. M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundAlterations in heart rate (HR) may provide new information about physiological signatures of depression severity. This 2-year study in individuals with a history of recurrent major depressive disorder (MDD) explored the intra-individual variations in HR parameters and their relationship with depression severity.MethodsData from 510 participants (Number of observations of the HR parameters = 6666) were collected from three centres in the Netherlands, Spain, and the UK, as a part of the remote assessment of disease and relapse-MDD study. We analysed the relationship between depression severity, assessed every 2 weeks with the Patient Health Questionnaire-8, with HR parameters in the week before the assessment, such as HR features during all day, resting periods during the day and at night, and activity periods during the day evaluated with a wrist-worn Fitbit device. Linear mixed models were used with random intercepts for participants and countries. Covariates included in the models were age, sex, BMI, smoking and alcohol consumption, antidepressant use and co-morbidities with other medical health conditions.ResultsDecreases in HR variation during resting periods during the day were related with an increased severity of depression both in univariate and multivariate analyses. Mean HR during resting at night was higher in participants with more severe depressive symptoms.ConclusionsOur findings demonstrate that alterations in resting HR during all day and night are associated with depression severity. These findings may provide an early warning of worsening depression symptoms which could allow clinicians to take responsive treatment measures promptly.
Universal geometric graphs
Authors: Frati Fabrizio , Hoffmann Michael , Tóth Csaba D. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe extend the notion of universal graphs to a geometric setting. A geometric graph is universal for a class
$\mathcal H$
of planar graphs if it contains an embedding, that is, a crossing-free drawing, of every graph in
$\mathcal H$
. Our main result is that there exists a geometric graph with
$n$
vertices and
$O\!\left(n \log n\right)$
edges that is universal for
$n$
-vertex forests; this generalises a well-known result by Chung and Graham, which states that there exists an (abstract) graph with
$n$
vertices and
$O\!\left(n \log n\right)$
edges that contains every
$n$
-vertex forest as a subgraph. The upper bound of
$O\!\left(n \log n\right)$
edges cannot be improved, even if more than
$n$
vertices are allowed. We also prove that every
$n$
-vertex convex geometric graph that is universal for
$n$
-vertex outerplanar graphs has a near-quadratic number of edges, namely
$\Omega _h(n^{2-1/h})$
, for every positive integer
$h$
; this almost matches the trivial
$O(n^2)$
upper bound given by the
$n$
-vertex complete convex geometric graph. Finally, we prove that there exists an
$n$
-vertex convex geometric graph with
$n$
vertices and
$O\!\left(n \log n\right)$
edges that is universal for
$n$
-vertex caterpillars.
High temperature increases 2,4-D metabolism in resistant Amaranthus palmeri
Authors: Rudell Eduardo C. , Aarthy Thiagarayaselvam , Shyam Chandrima , Borgato Ednaldo A. , Kaur Simerjeet , Jugulam Mithila 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPalmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri S. Watson) is a troublesome weed in several cropping systems in the United States. The evolution of resistance to multiple herbicides is a challenge for the management of this weed. Recently, we reported metabolic resistance to 2,4-D possibly mediated by cytochrome P450 (P450) activity in a six-way-resistant A. palmeri population (KCTR). Plant growth temperature can influence the herbicide efficacy and level of resistance. The effect of temperature on 2,4-D resistance in A. palmeri is unknown. In the present research, we investigated the response of KCTR and a known susceptible (MSS) A. palmeri response to 2,4-D grown under low-temperature (LT, 24/14 C, day/night [d/n]) or high-temperature (HT, 34/24 C, d/n) regimes. When MSS and KCTR plants were 8- to 10-cm tall, they were treated with 0, 140, 280, 560 (field recommended dose), 1,120, and 2,240 g ai ha−1 of 2,4-D. Further, 8- to 10-cm-tall MSS and KCTR plants grown at LT and HT were also treated with [14C]2,4-D to assess the metabolism of 2,4-D at LT and HT. The results of dose–response experiments suggest that KCTR A. palmeri exhibits 23 times more resistance to 2,4-D at HT than MSS. Nonetheless, at LT, the resistance to 2,4-D in KCTR was only 2-fold higher than in MSS. Importantly, there was enhanced metabolism of 2,4-D in both KCTR and MSS A. palmeri at HT compared with LT. Further, treatment with the P450 inhibitor malathion, followed by 2,4-D increased the susceptibility of KCTR at HT. Overall, rapid metabolism of 2,4-D increased KCTR resistance to 2,4-D at HT compared with LT. Therefore, the application of 2,4-D when temperatures are cooler can improve control of 2,4-D–resistant A. palmeri.
An Unusually Warm Upper‐Crust in the Late Paleozoic North China Continental Arc: Implications for the Thermal Modification of the Giant Bayan Obo REE Deposit
Authors: Zhang Shuan‐Hong , Zhou Mei‐Fu , Zhao Yue , Zhang Qi‐Qi , Hu Guo‐Hui , Kong Ling‐Hao , Wang Sen , Pei Jun‐Ling , Miggins Daniel P. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe genesis and timing of formation of the giant Bayan Obo deposit, the world's largest rare earth element (REE) deposit in the western part of the late Paleozoic northern North China continental arc (NCA), are highly controversial due to complex mineral assemblages and reported ages of mineralization. We conducted new zircon U‐Pb and40Ar/39Ar dating of metamorphic and igneous Neoarchean to Permian mid‐to upper‐crustal rocks exhumed along a north−south corridor across the western NCA and its retroarc foreland. The results show that the mid‐ to upper‐crust of the western part of the NCA has been strongly affected by thermal modifications during arc construction in the late Paleozoic, while the retroarc foreland remained thermally stable. Our results first reveal an unusually warm upper‐crust around Bayan Obo during the late Paleozoic with high geothermal gradients of 50.0 ± 8.3 to 88.3 ± 8.3°C/km and strong thermal modification of the upper‐crust during arc construction. This unusually warm upper‐crust and high geothermal gradients resulted in intensive thermal perturbations and recrystallization of REE‐bearing minerals in the Bayan Obo deposit, as well as formation of high‐grade REE ores and complete or partial resetting (U‐)Th‐Pb isotopic systems of REE minerals. Our identification of the unusually warm upper‐crust and high geothermal gradients in the western part of the NCA provides important constraints on genesis, timing and thermal modification of the giant Bayan Obo deposit, as well as other REE deposits with complex isotopic ages.