bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Global exponential stabilization of the linearized Korteweg-de Vries equation with a state delay
Authors: Ayadi Habib , Jlassi Mariem 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In this paper, well-posedness and global boundary exponential stabilization problems are studied for the one-dimensional linearized Korteweg-de Vries equation (KdV) with state delay, which is posed in bounded interval $[0,2\pi ]$ and actuated at the left boundary by Dirichlet condition. Based on the infinite-dimensional backstepping method for the delay-free case, a linear Volterra-type integral transformation maps the system into another homogeneous target system, and an explicit feedback control law is obtained. Under this feedback, we prove the well-posedness of the considered system in an appropriate Banach space and its exponential stabilization in the topology of $L^{2}(0,2\pi )$-norm by the use of an appropriate Lyapunov–Razumikhin functional. Moreover, under the same feedback law, we get the local exponential stability for the non-linear KdV equation. A numerical example is provided to illustrate the result.
Higher order time discretization for the stochastic semilinear wave equation with multiplicative noise
Authors: Feng Xiaobing , Ashirbad Panda Akash , Prohl Andreas 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In this paper, a higher order time-discretization scheme is proposed, where the iterates approximate the solution of the stochastic semilinear wave equation driven by multiplicative noise with general drift and diffusion. We employ variational method for its error analysis and prove an improved convergence order of $\frac 32$ for the approximates of the solution. The core of the analysis is Hölder continuity in time and moment bounds for the solutions of the continuous and the discrete problem. Computational experiments are also presented.
Strong Comic Immoralism
Authors: Kianpour Connor K 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Strong comic immoralism maintains that every time a humorous demonstration (for example, a joke) involves a moral defect, it is enhanced aesthetically in virtue of having this moral defect. I want to show that strong comic immoralism is a coherent position, that it is possible to defend, and that there is, in fact, some reason to defend it. By doing this, my hope is that, moving forward, those who are interested in questions about the relationship between immorality and the aesthetic value of jokes will take more seriously the objections that may be presented against their views by the strong comic immoralist, rather than claiming that “no one on this side of Satan” would be one.
The use of a genomic relationship matrix for breed assignment of cattle breeds: comparison and combination with a machine learning method
Authors: Wilmot Hélène , Niehoff Tobias , Soyeurt Hélène , Gengler Nicolas , Calus Mario P L 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
To develop a breed assignment model, three main steps are generally followed: 1) The selection of breed informative single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP); 2) The training of a model, based on a reference population, that allows to classify animals to their breed of origin; and 3) The validation of the developed model on external animals i.e., that were not used in previous steps. However, there is no consensus in the literature about which methodology to follow for the first step, nor about the number of SNP to be selected. This can raise many questions when developing the model and lead to the use of sophisticated methodologies for selecting SNP (e.g., with iterative algorithms, partitions of SNP, or combination of several methods). Therefore, it may be of interest to avoid the first step by the use of all the available SNP. For this purpose, we propose the use of a genomic relationship matrix (GRM), combined or not with a machine learning method, for breed assignment. We compared it with a previously developed model based on selected informative SNP. Four methodologies were investigated: 1) The PLS_NSC methodology: selection of SNP based on a partial least square-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and breed assignment by classification based on the nearest shrunken centroids (NSC) method; 2) Breed assignment based on the highest mean relatedness of an animal to the reference populations of each breed (referred to mean_GRM); 3) Breed assignment based on the highest SD of the relatedness of an animal to the reference populations of each breed (referred to SD_GRM) and 4) The GRM_SVM methodology: the use of means and SD of the relatedness defined in mean_GRM and SD_GRM methodologies combined with the linear support vector machine (SVM), a machine learning method used for classification. Regarding mean global accuracies, results showed that the use of mean_GRM or GRM_SVM was not significantly different (Bonferroni corrected P &gt; 0.0083) than the model based on a reduced SNP panel (PLS_NSC). Moreover, the mean_GRM and GRM_SVM methodology were more efficient than PLS_NSC as it was faster to compute. Therefore, it is possible to bypass the selection of SNP and, by the use of a GRM, to develop an efficient breed assignment model. In routine, we recommend the use of GRM_SVM over mean_GRM as it gave a slightly increased global accuracy, which can help endangered breeds to be maintained. The script to execute the different methodologies can be accessed on: https://github.com/hwilmot675/Breed_assignment.
Multitrophic biodiversity enhances ecosystem functions, services and ecological intensification in agriculture
Authors: Buzhdygan Oksana Y , Petermann Jana S 
Published: May 2023

AbstractOne central challenge for humanity is to mitigate and adapt to an ongoing climate and biodiversity crisis while providing resources to a growing human population. Ecological intensification (EI) aims to maximize crop productivity while minimizing impacts on the environment, especially by using biodiversity to improve ecosystem functions and services. Many EI measures are based on trophic interactions between organisms (e.g. pollination, biocontrol). Here, we investigate how research on multitrophic effects of biodiversity on ecosystem functioning could advance the application of EI measures in agriculture and forestry. We review previous studies and use qualitative analyses of the literature to test how important variables such as land-use parameters or habitat complexity affect multitrophic diversity, ecosystem functions and multitrophic biodiversity–ecosystem functioning relationships. We found that positive effects of biodiversity on ecosystem functions are prevalent in production systems, largely across ecosystem function dimensions, trophic levels, study methodologies and different ecosystem functions, however, with certain context dependencies. We also found strong impacts of land use and management on multitrophic biodiversity and ecosystem functions. We detected knowledge gaps in terms of data from underrepresented geographical areas, production systems, organism groups and functional diversity measurements. Additionally, we identified several aspects that require more attention in the future, such as trade-offs between multiple functions, temporal dynamics, effects of climate change, the spatial scale of the measures and their implementation. This information will be vital to ensure that agricultural and forest landscapes produce resources for humanity sustainably within the environmental limits of the planet.
National Inclusion Policy Openings/Barriers for Refugee Teachers: Critical Reflections from Kenya
Authors: Mendenhall Mary , Falk Danielle 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Many refugee teachers toil for years with little support, inadequate working conditions, and unliveable wages, all while facing ‘unknowable futures’ (Dryden-Peterson 2017) about their ability to continue working as teachers. The current push for inclusion of refugees into national education systems has created policy openings for the inclusion of refugee teachers. Drawing on interviews with refugee teachers in Kakuma refugee camp and critical policy analysis of refugee education policies across global, regional, and national levels, our study examines what refugee teachers identify as policy barriers influencing their work and how policies that purport to include refugees into national systems address the needs of refugee teachers. We argue that policies that recognize refugee teachers either fail to address their specific professional needs for recognized teaching certification, adequate teacher compensation, and future career pathways or are inadequately implemented, leaving teachers and the countries hosting them without adequate support to improve teacher management.
Castleman disease: a case report of an unusual adrenal incidentaloma and literature review
Authors: Aldosari Sarah , Altalhi Bassam , Albisher Nesreen , Mohammed Shamayel , Alhazmi Alaa , Alsobhi Saif 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Adrenal incidentaloma (AI) is an incidental detection of an adrenal mass on an image not performed for a suspected adrenal problem. AI has become a commonly encountered lesion that requires further investigations for evidence of hormonal hypersecretion or malignancy potential. According to guidelines, surgical intervention is the standard of care for unilateral AI. We report on a case of a 64-year-old female who presented with a nonfunctional adrenal mass associated with compressive symptoms, which was revealed to be a mixed hyaline vascular and plasma cell variant Castleman disease (CD) after surgical resection. Although hyaline vascular variant and plasma cell variant of CD has been identified in adrenal glands, this is the first report of a mixed hyaline vascular and plasma cell variant in an adrenal mass.
A unique case of inverted Meckel’s diverticulum presented as an adult intussusception: a case report
Authors: Lahham Elias E , Iwaiwi Bashaer I , Halteh Silvia , Khaled Hala , AlQadi Mohammad 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Although Meckel’s diverticulum (MD) is a relatively common asymptomatic gastrointestinal anomaly, an inverted MD is a rare entity that is challenging to diagnose prior to surgery and presents usually in the pediatric population with bleeding, anemia and abdominal pain. The most frequent adult presentation in non-inverted MD is intestinal obstruction, whereas bleeding and anemia are the most typical presenting complaints in inverted MD. Here, we report our experience with an adult female patient, who presented with 5 days duration of abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting. Imaging revealed signs of small bowel obstruction with bowel wall thickening in the terminal ileum and a double target appearance. This case describes a rare cause of adult intestinal intussusception because of inverted MD, which was successfully managed with surgery. The final pathology report confirms the diagnosis.
(002) Transfeminine Genital Reconstructive Surgery Complications Based on Insurance Claims Data
Authors: Schardein J , Snyder L , Jimbo M , Hebert K , Horns J J , Driggs N , Das R , Myers J , Hotaling J M 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Transfeminine genital reconstructive surgery is an important part of gender affirmation for many transgender women. Currently, various vaginoplasty techniques are performed by different surgeons across the United States. Surgical outcomes of individual surgeons and groups have been published in the literature, however complications using an insurance claims database have yet to be reported.

Objective
Our objective is to present post-vaginoplasty complication rates among surgeons in the United States using a large claims database.

Methods
A retrospective review was conducted of all transgender women who underwent vaginoplasty using IBM MarketScan insurance claims database between 2011-2020. Baseline patient characteristics, including age, obesity, smoking status, Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) and the region the surgery was performed were obtained. Patients were followed after surgery to identify complications. Common surgical complications, such as bleeding/hematoma, wound dehiscence, postsurgical infection, DVT, PE, and MI, and complications specific to gender affirming surgery, such as pelvic pain, dyspareunia, rectal injury, urinary issues, urethral stricture, loss of neovaginal depth, and prolapse, were investigated using ICD-9/ICD-10 and CPT codes. Hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated to determine how baseline factors influenced complications.

Results
A total of 1588 privately insured patients who underwent vaginoplasty for gender affirmation with 414 different surgeons were identified. The mean age was 34 years (22-53 years), 16% were obese and 8% were smokers. The majority (70%) of patients had a CCI of 0. Overall, at a mean follow-up of 14 months (5-28 months), 66% of patients had a complication. A common surgical complication occurred in 19% of patients and a gender affirming surgery complication occurred in 61% of patients. Among those with a gender affirming surgery complication, 17% had pelvic pain, 3% had dyspareunia, &lt;1% had a rectal injury, 21% had urinary issues, 19% had a urethral stricture, 16% had loss of neovaginal depth and 15% had prolapse. A CCI of 2 had a HR of 1.82 (p=0.004) for a common complication and age had a HR of 1.01 (p&lt;0.001) for a gender affirming complication. Smoking was associated with a statistically significant HR for both common complications and gender affirming complications (1.48 and 1.26, respectively; P&lt;0.05).

Conclusions
Post-vaginoplasty, the majority of patients have at least one complication based on insurance claims data. All patients should be counseled on smoking cessation prior to surgery to potentially decrease the risk of complications.

Disclosure
No
(009) Comparing the Sexual Lives of Adolescents and Young Adults (AYA) With and Without a History of Cancer
Authors: Carpenter K , Conroy K , Dallal D , Black L 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Studies have consistently described poor sexual outcomes for AYA cancer survivors – nearly half of which report some level of negative subjective impact of cancer on their sexual lives (Wettergren et al., 2016, Geue et al., 2015). Available data typically comes from long-term survivors, indicating a chronicity of sexual problems that persist long after treatment and recovery. Among AYA survivors, there remains a major unmet need for sexuality-based supportive care, which will likely have to be tailored to the social/developmental needs of a younger population.

Objective
1) Compare a sample of AYA survivors to age- and partner-matched peers across a wide variety of sexual outcomes, including behavior, function, affect, and cognition. 2) Explore variables associated with maintenance of sexual problems within the AYA survivor population, i.e., potential intervention targets.

Methods
Women ages 18-39 with a history of cancer (31% hematologic, 18% breast, 16% gynecologic, 14% thyroid, 20% other) were matched with healthy controls based on age (within 5 years) and partner status (single vs. partnered) (total N=272). Survivors were diagnosed at age 26 (SD=7.88, range 2 to 39 years). 71% of survivors who reported knowing stage at diagnosis (stage 0-2, 54%). At the time of survey, 79% were partnered. We conducted independent samples t-tests to compare scores on sexual behavior (PROMIS), function (PROMIS), distress (Female Sexual Distress Scale [FSDS]), self-efficacy (Sexual Self-Efficacy Scale for Females), and sexual self schema (SSS), hypothesizing that survivors would have poorer sexual outcomes.

Results
Age at first intercourse and number of partners were comparable across groups. Survivors were more likely to report having children than controls [X2 (1, N = 192) = 5.63, p =.02]. Survivors evidenced a less varied behavioral repertoire (past 30 days) [t(262)=-2.64, p=.01] and engaged in vaginal intercourse significantly less often [t(205)=-1.97, p=.05]; this effect was more pronounced among partnered survivors. Despite lower frequency of intercourse, survivors reported using lubricant more often than the controls [t(211)=2.04, p=.04]. Survivors reported poorer sexual interest [t(281)=-4.89, p&lt;.01], lubrication [t(281)=-4.12, p&lt;.001], orgasm [t(279)=-2.65, p=.01], and satisfaction [t(278)=-3.07, p&lt;.01]. Sexual affect and cognition were also poorer for survivors; they tended to have higher sexual distress [t(269)=5.05, p&lt;.01], more embarrassed/conservative sexual self schema [t(268)=2.22, p=.03], and lower sexual self-efficacy [t(286)=-4.94, p&lt;.01].

Conclusions
Young adult survivors of cancer experience more sexual problems than peers, including a more restricted sexual repertoire, less frequent sexual behaviors, poorer sexual function, as well as more negative emotion and cognition regarding their sexuality. There has been insufficient attention to the unique needs and experiences of younger survivors.

Disclosure
No
(023) The Acute Effect of Caffeine on Genital Arousal in Women: A Pilot Study
Authors: Mcmahon L , Meston C 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Genital sexual arousal, a process characterized by increased vaginal lubrication and vasocongestion in females, is facilitated by moderate activation of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) (for review, see Stanton, Handy, & Meston, 2018). Among the range of factors that impede the female genital arousal response (e.g., disrupted endocrine functioning and vascular and neurological problems), antidepressants have strikingly deleterious effects on genital arousal function that hinder quality of life (Nappi et al., 2016) and jeopardize medication adherence. When patients present with antidepressant-induced sexual side effects, physicians may switch their antidepressant or tack on an additional medication (e.g., bupropion) to counter them. While sometimes effective, this increases patients’ financial burden and often introduces a host of new side effects. Moderate activation of the SNS through exercise has shown promising results for ameliorating antidepressant-induced genital arousal dysfunction (Lorenz & Meston, 2012; 2014). Given that SNS activation prior to sex counteracts the inhibitory effect of antidepressants on genital blood flow, it is feasible that caffeine – an SNS stimulant (Biaggioni et al., 1991; Zahn et al., 1987) – could improve antidepressant-induced genital arousal difficulties if ingested prior to sex. Caffeine could serve as a low-cost, widely accessible intervention with minimal side effects if efficacy is shown.

Objective
The goal of the present pilot study is to examine whether the acute administration of 300mg of caffeine increases genital arousal (i.e., vaginal pulse amplitude) in women experiencing antidepressant-induced genital arousal difficulties.

Methods
Women attended two counterbalanced in-laboratory sessions in which they ingested either 300mg caffeine or placebo. Fifteen minutes post-ingestion, they viewed an erotic film while their heart rate and genital sexual arousal were measured. Caffeine consumption was controlled for.

Results
Preliminary data analyses suggest that compared to placebo, 300mg of caffeine increases vaginal pulse amplitude fifteen minutes post-ingestion among women experiencing antidepressant-induced genital arousal difficulties. Additional pilot subjects are currently being tested; results will be updated with an addendum upon completion.

Conclusions
If efficacy is demonstrated in our sample, caffeine may serve as a low-cost, widely accessible treatment for women experiencing antidepressant-induced genital arousal dysfunction. While we aim to target genital arousal concerns with caffeine, improvements in genital arousal are likely to positively impact other stages of women’s sexual response given the high degree of overlap between these stages.

Disclosure
No
(059) Comfort With Sexual Health Literacy Assessed in Urology Resident Physicians
Authors: Horwitz R , Lewis K , Khooblall P , Haile E S , Lundy S D , Bajic P 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Despite the importance of sexual health, physicians may not be adequately equipped to diagnose and treat sexual dysfunction. Topics related to healthy sexual function (pleasure, masturbation, communication, sex toys/tools, and anal sex practices) are largely omitted from medical education. It is vital that urologists are trained to ask detailed questions about sexual health, counsel on healthy sexual habits, and identify and treat sexual dysfunction.

Objective
To determine the level of comfort among urology residents in taking a comprehensive sexual health history, identifying sexual dysfunction, and treating patients of various gender identities and sexual orientations.

Methods
An anonymous electronic survey was distributed to current urology residents in the United States. The survey contained five demographics questions and twenty-three questions tied to sexual health competencies. Participants were asked to provide their education year, current age, medical school location, residency location, and estimated hours of sexual health education during training (excluding STI/STD content). Survey questions targeted previously established sexual education competency domains.

Results
A total of 52 urology residents participated in the study. Participant post-graduate years ranged from 1-6. 61.5% of participants stated they received only 0-3 hours of formal sex education during medical school and 46.3% reported having any formal sex education during urology residency. 80% of participants felt comfortable asking patients about self-erogenous stimulation, but only 27% of responders felt comfortable answering questions about anal stimulation devices, and 35% of responders felt comfortable answering questions about vaginal stimulation devices. Greater than 94% of residents feel “very comfortable” or “somewhat comfortable” with describing male sexual dysfunction and performing physical exam for a man with sexual dysfunction, but only 59% felt the same towards female sexual dysfunction. When describing medicines used for sexual function, 100% of residents are comfortable doing so for men, but only 63% are comfortable doing the same for women. When counseling transgender males or females on sexual practice/therapies/surgeries, only 29% of residents felt comfortable.

Conclusions
There are knowledge gaps in sexual medicine literacy confidence among urology residents surveyed. Lack of a comprehensive sexual health education curriculum during medical training may be affecting patient care. Women and sexual and gender minority (LGBTQ) patients may be at higher risk of being treated by a urologist without comfort in managing their sexual health. Sexual health education optimization during urology residency has the potential to promote improved understanding of the sexual health of women and sexual and gender minorities and improve the evaluation and management of sexual dysfunction in general.

Disclosure
No