bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Solution of the Navier–Stokes Equation for Colliding Jets
Authors: Галкин В. А. , Смородинов А. Д. , Моргун Д. А. 
Published: July 2023

в работе исследуется структура потенциальных течений несжимаемой жидкости, порожденных гармоническим потенциалом. Представлены результаты трех вычислительных экспериментов: результаты моделирования для встречных потоков одинаковой мощности и сравнение с натурным экспериментом столкновения двух встречных струй, опубликованным Lim T. и Nickels T. в 1992 г. в журнале Nature; результаты моделирования для встречных потоков разной мощности; результаты моделирования для источника и стока одинаковой мощности.
this study investigates the structure of potential incompressible fluid flows generated by a harmonic potential. We presented the results of three computational experiments: simulation of head-on colliding flows of the same capacity and comparison with a physical experiment of two oncoming jets published by Lim T. and Nickels T. in 1992 in Nature; simulation results for head-on colliding jets flows with different capacities; and simulation results for a source and drain of the same capacity.
Influence of Liquidity Risk Management on Financial Performance of Commercial Banks in Kenya
Authors: Amira Edwin Ambetsa , Alala Benedict Ondiek , Musiega Maniagi 
Published: July 2023

The management of liquidity risk in commercial banks determines the banks' financial performance, which predominantly influences the quality of the loan portfolio and the nature of credit administration programs as a whole. By ensuring that liquidity risk is effectively managed, the primary objective of liquidity risk management is to generate a high-quality, stable, large, and growing flow of net interest income for banks. This objective is achieved by ensuring that banks can meet the needs of their customers. This study determined the effect of liquidity risk management on the financial performance of Kenyan commercial banks. The investigation was founded on the theory of liquidity management shiftability. The paradigm of Positivism served as the philosophical foundation for the investigation. The study incorporated both explanatory and longitudinal research designs into its methodology. The study's target population consisted of 32 Commercial Banks in Kenya. The study utilized panel data consisting of time series and cross-sectional data spanning a decade from 2010 to 2019. Using Eviews, descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the collected data, which was then presented in tables and figures. The study found out that Liquidity risk management had an insignificant negative relationship with ROE (F=0.583912, p<0.05) and ROA (F=2.770410, p<0.05). Arising from the study findings, it is observed that liquidity risk management has a negative effect on financial performance measure either in ROA or ROE, it is recommended that commercial banks should keep this parameter as minimum as possible so as not involve in loss making undertakings.
Herméneutique et horizon anthropologique de la phénoménologie dans la philosophie ricœurienne
Authors: Lelièvre Samuel 
Published: July 2023

L’expression de « greffe de l’herméneutique sur la phénoménologie » utilisée par Ricœur a souvent été reprise pour caractériser la phénoménologie herméneutique ricœurienne ou aborder ces champs de la phénoménologie et de l’herméneutique à partir de l’exemple ricœurien. Or, on peut penser que cette expression a été mal comprise et, partant, a pu conduire à divers malentendus concernant l’approche ricœurienne dans son rapport à la phénoménologie et l’herméneutique. Si le terme de greffe induit et renvoie à une différenciation de deux méthodes et domaines, au sens d’une méthode et d’un domaine qui s’ajouteraient et complèteraient une autre méthode et un autre domaine, c’est moins la différence entre phénoménologie et herméneutique qui est engagée que celle entre une origine phénoménologique de l’herméneutique ricœurienne et le projet d’une anthropologie philosophique. Il est caractéristique que cette visée ne soit pas prise en compte par des critiques se réclamant d’un ancrage et d’une expertise soit en phénoménologie soit en herméneutique, révélant alors certaines limitations dans une approche de la philosophie ricœurienne.
AUTOMATION OF THE PROCESS OF BITUMEN PRODUCTION
Authors: Mambetalieva Gulsara , Bilashova Gulmira , Bulekbayeva Gulmira , Сhazhabayeva Marzhan , Bukayeva Amina 
Published: July 2023

One of the most important directions in the field of oil refining is the rational use of oil residues by involving them in processes such as visbreaking, coking, de-asphalting, bitumen production. Petroleum bitumen is used in road construction, in the repair of roads, airfields, in industrial and civil construction (for the manufacture of roofing materials, for the insulation of pipelines from ground corrosion, for the preparation of paint and varnish materials). The quality of petroleum bitumen is a determining factor in ensuring the durability of road surfaces. To date, up to 70% of bitumen produced in Kazakhstan and the CIS countries do not meet the assortment and quality requirements of the modern market, and this primarily concerns bitumen for road, construction and special purposes. The decrease in natural oil reserves and the difficulty of obtaining high-quality bitumen from processed raw materials at most bitumen plants necessitates the search for new materials to obtain binders of a given quality. The process of bitumen production, carried out on an industrial scale, is very complex, but by now it has been sufficiently studied. However, the approach to the study of this process from the standpoint of the physico-chemical technology of oil dispersed systems reveals new aspects that allow us to hope for its further intensification. Due to the increasing volumes of consumption and the expansion of the field of application of petroleum bitumen, the issue of searching for new raw materials is acute. One of the most promising deposits of petroleum bitumen rocks are West Kazakhstan, where more than 50 deposits with reserves of 152 million tons have been discovered. However, to date, the extraction of petroleum bitumen rocks and their use in construction have not acquired significant proportions, due to their insufficient knowledge and imperfection of their processing technology. Until now, the main attention in matters of oxidation is paid to the study of the state of the vapor–liquid system, calculations of the partial pressure of volatile components of the oil system depending on its composition and external conditions, which is fundamental for technological calculations. In this case, oil is represented as a multicomponent molecular solution, the vapor-liquid interface is considered flat, and the vapor pressure above the flat surface is equal to the pressure in the liquid phase. In addition, in all thermodynamic and technological calculations, the vapor-liquid system is thermodynamically formed, leaving the process of vapor phase generation without due attention.
Some issues of public debt management in Kazakhstan
Authors: Искакова З.Д. , Ищанова Р.Щ. , Даниярова М.Т. , Омарова А.Т. , Iskakova Z. , Ischanova R. , Daniyarova M. , Оmarova А. 
Published: July 2023

Рассмотрены вопросы по проблемам государственного долга взаимосвязанные с устройством распределения необходимых ресурсов государства. Авторами обращено внимание на процесс формирования и обслуживания государственных долговых обязательств, предполагая тесную взаимосвязь вопросов государственного аудита в системе управления государственным долгом. С помощью общенаучных методов исследования, а также методов статистического и сравнительного анализа сделаны выводы о необходимости присутствия полноценного контроля со стоны государства в Казахстане. В статье внимание уделяется исследованиям ученых, в области финансовой системы Казахстана, а также официальным данным финансово-экономической системы. Авторами статьи определены направления по управлению государственным долгом Казахстана. В результате анализа о государственном аудите в системе управления государственным долгом Казахстана было выявлено, что модель развития государственного долга не учитывает влияние финансового рынка. Слишком высокий уровень государственного долга может привести к повышению процентных ставок и негативно повлиять на фактическое производство. Из этого следует, что кредитная политика государства направлена на улучшение начала роста производства и эффективного развития экономики, балансирование социальных проблем во времена кризиса в стране, как с точки зрения внутреннего, так и внешнего кредитования в определенных разумных пределах.
The issues on the problems of public debt related to the distribution of the necessary resources of the state are considered. The authors draw attention to the process of formation and servicing of public debt obligations, assuming a close relationship between the issues of public audit in the public debt management system. With the help of general scientific research methods, as well as methods of statistical and comparative analysis, conclusions are drawn about the need for the presence of full-fledged state control in Kazakhstan. The article focuses on the research of scientists in the field of the financial system of Kazakhstan, as well as official data of the financial and economic system. The authors of the article identified the directions for managing the public debt of Kazakhstan. As a result of the analysis of the state audit in the public debt management system of Kazakhstan, it was revealed that the model of public debt development does not take into account the influence of the financial market. Too high level of public debt can lead to higher interest rates and negatively affect actual production. It follows from this that the credit policy of the state is aimed at improving the start of production growth and the effective development of the economy, balancing social problems in times of crisis in the country, both in terms of domestic and external lending within certain reasonable limits.
КРУПНЕЙШИЕ БАНКИ И ИХ ЛИКВИДНОСТЬ: КЕЙС КАЗАХСТАНА
Authors: Sarkambayeva Sh. , Sailaubekov N. , Саркамбаева Ш.Г. , Сайлаубеков Н. 
Published: July 2023

This article is devoted to the analysis of commercial banks in Kazakhstan. Particularly, it presents the results of an appraisal made using a new technique. Moreover, it ranks them in accordance with the results of the appraisal. For the purposes of the research, authors of the article designed a dynamic normative model for assessing the stability of liquidity of commercial banks. Actual values of the index of stability were calculated by comparing actual state with normative one. The basis of this model is the methodology used by the authors earlier when developing a dynamic normative model for assessing the financial state of an enterprise. The article also describes the practical application of the model obtained. There is given an example of implementing the developed method. For this purpose, the financial data of the largest commercial banks of Kazakhstan from open sources were used. The conducted study revealed a generally low level of sustainability of liquidity dynamics. The developed technique is a convenient tool that can be used in addition to existing methods for assessing banks’ liquidity.
Данная статья посвящена анализу коммерческих банков Казахстана. В частности, представлены результаты оценки, проведенной с использованием новой методики. Более того, он ранжирует их в соответствии с результатами оценки. Для целей исследования авторами статьи разработана динамическая нормативная модель оценки устойчивости ликвидности коммерческих банков. Фактические значения индекса устойчивости рассчитывали путем сравнения фактического состояния с нормативным. В основе этой модели лежит методика, использованная авторами ранее при разработке динамической нормативной модели оценки финансового состояния предприятия. В статье также описывается практическое применение полученной модели. Приведен пример реализации разработанной методики. Для этой цели были использованы финансовые данные крупнейших коммерческих банков Казахстана из открытых источников. Проведенное исследование и оценка выявили в целом низкий уровень устойчивости динамики ликвидности. Разработанная методика представляет собой удобный инструмент, который можно использовать в дополнение к существующим методикам оценки ликвидности банков.
YARGITAY KARARLARI IŞIĞINDA ECZANELERDE KİMLİK TESPİT YÜKÜMLÜLÜĞÜ ve SÜRECİN TBK m.23 ÇERÇEVESİNDE DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: ANKARA İbrahim , AKİPEK ÖCAL Şebnem 
Published: July 2023

5510 sayılı Kanun ve Sağlık Uygulama Tebliği ilgili hükümlerince sağlık hizmet sunucuları tarafından kişilerin müracaatı aşamasında, acil hallerde ise acil halin sona ermesinden sonra; nüfus cüzdanı, sürücü belgesi, evlenme cüzdanı, pasaport veya verilmiş ise Kurum sağlık kartı belgelerinden biri ile kimlik tespiti ve biyometrik yöntemlerle kimlik doğrulaması yapılması zorunludur. Kimlik tespiti yükümlülüğünü ihlal eden sağlık hizmet sunucuları hem idari mevzuat hem de idarenin özel hukuk sözleşmeleri kapsamında yaptırıma tabi tutulmuştur.
Uygulamada sigortalı adına düzenlenen sahte reçete içerikleri sigortalıdan habersiz bir şekilde eczanelerden temin edilebilmektedir. Bu sürecin temel sebebi Medula sisteminin güvenlik açığıdır. Bunun yanında sahteciliğin faili ve/veya iştirakçisi olan kişinin sağlık hizmet sunucularında kimlik tespit/kontrolünün usule uygun yapılmaması da Kurum zararına yol açmaktadır.
SGK, eczanelerle akdettiği İlaç Temin Sözleşmesi kapsamında sahte reçete bedellerini “yersiz ödeme” adı altında tahsil etmekle birlikte, sözleşmeden kaynaklanan cezai koşulu uygulamaktadır. SGK, uygulanan cezai koşulunun sebebini, eczacının kimlik tespit/kontrol yükümlülüğünü ihlal etmesi şeklinde gerekçelendirmektedir.
SGK, tip sözleşme 5.3.2 maddesini kimlik tespit yükümlülüğünün ihlaline dayanak oluşturmaktadır. Doktrinde ve bazı Yüksek Yargı kararlarında bu durum “kimlik tespit yükümlülüğünden” ziyade “imza kontrol yükümlülüğü” olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Söz konusu cezai koşul; eczane ticarethanesinin mahvına ve hatta sözleşmenin feshine sebep olacak niteliktedir. Madde lafzından çıkan bu yorum farkından dolayı taraflar arasında akdedilen tip sözleşmede genel işlem koşulları denetiminin uygulanıp uygulanamayacağı tartışma konusudur.
Genel mevzuat hükümlerince yaptırıma tabi tutulan kimlik tespit/kontrol yükümlüğünün ihlalinin ayrıca yoruma dayalı olarak sözleşmesel ceza koşuluna tabi tutulması da tartışmalıdır. Mezkûr yükümlülüğün ihlalinin esasa müessir bir sonuç ortaya çıkarıp çıkarmayacağı, reçetenin şekli, hasta yakını kavramı ve kapsamı, kimlik tespiti ve kimlik kontrolü kavramlarının çelişkisi ve eczanede uygulanabilirliği en temel sorunların başında gelmektedir.
Market SWOT Analysis on L’OrÉAl Beauty Company
Authors: Qin Yue 
Published: July 2023

The introduction of the novel coronavirus pandemic as well as the transition to the digital era have altered the sales market model. L’Oréal, the pioneer of beauty industry excellent its development despite the external interference. In this study, a SWOT analysis is employed to analysis the company’s current market situation, by identifying the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of L’Oréal. In each dimension of the SWOT model, an in-depth investigation is conducted, and a corresponding suggestion is put forward. The study focuses on how to enhance strengths, avoid weaknesses, create opportunities, and face threats. Through this analysis, the core competencies of L’Oréal are recognized, and a comprehensive overview of the competitive landscape is drawn. Understanding these core competencies and the competitive landscape will be essential for a successful sales market model in the future. This study aims to have a thorough understanding of the beauty market where L’Oréal thrived in and provide market suggestions for those who want to learn about the domain.
The role of microglia in Alzheimer’s Disorder
Authors: Guo Xiaoyang , Lan Haishan , Liao Jinbin 
Published: July 2023

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder with insidious onset and gradual development. Its symptoms include loss of memories, impaired language, reduced spatial perception, mood swings, and reduced ability to perform calculations and abstract thinking. AD is the most common type of dementia in the aged. Around the globe, more than 40 million people suffer from AD, and the number continues to rise. At present, there are many hypotheses about the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease, but the specific pathogenesis is not clear. Currently, due to unclear pathogenesis, this disease has no specific treatment methods, mainly symptomatic treatment and supportive treatment. Nowadays, most of the treatments being studied focus on reducing levels of neurotoxic Aβ and Tau. However, these therapeutic targets appear to be secondary and not causally related to the development of AD. Microglia, as one of the most significant immune cells in the central nervous system (CNS) has shown considerable clinical efficacy against neurodegenerative diseases. Furthermore, one of the causes of AD progression also includes neuroinflammation mediated by malfunctioning microglia cells. Microglia may exhibit great therapeutic benefits in treating AD. There are currently three approaches to ameliorate pathological changes in AD patients through microglia: modifying microglia to reduce neurological damage caused by dysfunction, targeting microglia immune receptors to improve their immune response, and targeting microglia-mediated inflammatory response to reduce inflammatory damage.
The Study of Performance for Face Detection Based on Multiple Representative Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Foun Ming Him 
Published: July 2023

Due to the diversity of deep learning models, choosing the suitable model for a specific task can be rather onerous. In this paper, the performance of three deep convolutional neural networks, namely VGG16, ResNet50, and MobileNetV2 on face detection were compared. Each model was trained on a dataset of 11,900 images from the FDDB dataset that included various face sizes and orientations with multiple augmentations, including color alteration, blurring, and flipping. The final layers of the models were modified into a binary classification model and a regression model indicating face found and coordinates of the facial bounding box. The models were trained on the same basis of 40 epochs with batch size 64 with binary cross entropy loss and DIoU loss and a learning rate of 0.0001 with a learning rate decay of 0.8 per epoch. The experimental results demonstrated that VGG16 outperformed ResNet50 and MobileNetV2 in terms of accuracy, with VGG16 achieving the highest score of 0.9240, followed by ResNet50 with a score of 0.8568, and MobileNetV2 with an accuracy of 0.6028. The results suggest that VGG16 is a more suitable choice for face detection applications than ResNet50 and MobileNetV2, while ResNet50 and MobileNetV2 may provide higher accuracy for other image recognition tasks or real time face detections. The findings in this paper can contribute to the selection of appropriate deep learning models for face detection.
The Energy Saving Renovation of Regional Buildings Based on Bayesian Estimation
Authors: Du ChunLei , Zhang ZongYu , Teng Yuanchao 
Published: July 2023

With China's new urbanization vision and existing urban renewal and building energy efficiency improvement project, large-scale energy conservation renovation of regional buildings has become an important content of ecological environmental protection and low-carbon and an important means to improve the regional energy efficiency level. Of energy-saving reform foundation database is presented in this paper, including construction, power consumption, equipment, operation, technology and willingness to word stock, statistics obtained the regional energy complex parameter (envelope thermal performance, elevator equipment, power and efficiency of cooling and heat sources, etc.) statistical rule and can use the benchmark, build the regional buildings energy consumption prediction model based on bayesian estimation, The probability matrix of large-scale reconstruction of regional buildings is obtained. At the same time, the global sensitive parameter analysis method and the single parameter regression model of energy saving transformation factor are established, and it is found that the internal load factor has the most significant effect on energy consumption. By adjusting energy parameters, the probability distribution curve of energy saving and the distribution of normalized value under the constraint conditions of different reconstruction scenarios were simulated, and the discrete MC simulation method was used to predict the regional overall energy saving reconstruction based on renovation intention, which could realize the trade-off judgment and gradual optimization of the strategy package of energy saving measures combination.
Association of Different Type of Refractive Errors with Parental Cousin Marriages
Authors: Awais Adan , Akram Saba , Awais Duaa , Arshad Ayesha , Hassan Zaneera 
Published: July 2023

Refractive errors are the major reason of visual impairment and its prevalence has increased over time. Refractive errors affect ocular structures as corneal shape, eye’s axial length, vitreous changes and retinal dystrophies. Uncorrected and high degree of refractive errors are the leading cause of blindness worldwide. Due to several mechanism, there is an increased risk of refractive errors with parental cousin marriages. Objective: To find association of different types of refractive errors in patients with positive history of parental consanguinity, and to evaluate that which type of refractive error is more compromised. Methods: A cross-sectional study accompanied 175 patients having positive history of consanguinity age between 14-35 years was performed at the University of Lahore, Teaching Hospital Pakistan during September 2020 to January 2021. Using non probability convenient sampling technique 175 individuals were evaluated for refractive error type with positive parental consanguinity. To measure distance visual acuity of patients, Standard Snellen chart at (6m) was used. Data were recorded by asking the patients to fill a self-made Performa. Results: Myopic refractive error is most common type of error with consanguinity patients as compare to hyperopic patients. Second most common error occurs myopic astigmatism. Hypermetropia was seen very less with consanguinity history. Refractive errors in total families found 68% with myopia and myopic astigmatism 40%. Conclusions: Refractive errors found more with consanguinity history as compare to patients with absence of consanguinity history.
Sight loss research: Looking forward to an equitable future
Authors: Valentine Keith 
Published: July 2023

Sight loss research: Looking forward to an equitable future
Keith Valentine, Chief Executive of Fight for Sight and Vision Foundation, shares how these newly merged organisations are driving efforts in sight loss research to improve patient care. People with severe sight loss reported one of the lowest quality-of-life scores compared with many other serious conditions. Every year, sight loss costs the UK economy more than £25bn – the majority of which lies outside health and social care. Having just announced funding for eleven new projects into sight loss, with more to come, the Vision Foundation with Fight for Sight are committed to funding leading researchers, many of whom we have supported from early on in their careers. Sight loss research is also tapping into developments in genetics. For example, one researcher has developed a genetic test that could identify children at risk of developing short-sightedness in later life. Overall, researchers will monitor their impact closely and use this to shape policy, save sight, and change lives. Finally, they aim to listen closely to the patient’s voice and amplify it to drive future policy.