bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
‘A journey of self‐discovery and transformation’: A theoretical and comprehensive evaluation of the Queen's nursing institute Scotland community development programme
Authors: Grant Aileen , Maciver Emma , Adams Nick , Teodorowski Piotr , Kennedy Catriona 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimTo evaluate adoption, implementation and maintenance of the Queen's Nursing Institute Scotland development programme.DesignA comprehensive, longitudinal, qualitative evaluation.MethodParticipants from the first two cohorts were interviewed at different stages to explore adoption, implementation and maintenance. Managers of participants engaged in interviews to explore service changes. Facilitators took part in a focus group exploring delivery. A member‐checking event was held. Data collection was between March 2017 and October 2019. Data analysis was thematically followed by the application of Normalization Process Theory.ResultNinety‐four interviews, two focus groups and a member‐checking event were conducted. Prior to the programme most participants were burnt‐out and considering leaving. Engaging led to a journey of self‐discovery and transformation. The programme was perceived to change their way of thinking, personally and professionally, unlike any training and development previously experienced. Participants were rejuvenated and reinvigorated, sharing their learning with colleagues, service users and family, implementing new working practices and furthering their careers. They developed communities of practice amongst their cohorts with strong bonds; enabling them to build and sustain learnings.ConclusionParticipants experienced a journey of self‐discovery and transformation unlike anything before due to the personal investment in them. Participants were rejuvenated and reinvigorated with many moving into new roles. The programme equipped them with a range of leadership and resilience skills.ImpactThe Queen's Nursing Institute Scotland Development Programme had a profound impact on participants, personally and professionally, which was perceived as lifelong. These findings and programmes are transferable beyond Scotland and to different professions.
Gender diversity and acquisitions: How female directors add value in acquisition decisions
Authors: Shams Syed , Minnick Kristina , Khedmati Mehdi , Gunasekarage Abeyratna 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe investigate board gender diversity and acquisition performance. Greater gender diversity promotes value‐enhancing acquisitions. Utilizing an external shock to board composition, we determine whether and why an increase in female directors adds value. Female directors have unique characteristics relative to their male counterparts that contribute to their ability to add value during the merger and acquisition process. The positive market reaction following an acquisition is rationalized by better deal terms, monitoring around the acquisition and post‐merger performance. The extensive professional networks and unique backgrounds female directors possess are the underlying mechanisms contributing to acquisition decisions' success.
Scratch versus LEGO robots: Which engages undergraduates more in programming education?
Authors: Qin Chao , Liu Yanjia , Zhang Hemei 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundBeing easy to learn and fun, block‐based programming tools are widely used to teach students introductory programming. Scratch and LEGO robots are two popular block‐based programming tools. However, the objects they manipulate are completely different. Scratch manipulates graphical virtual sprites, whereas LEGO robots manipulate physical robots. Different manipulating objects may bring students varied learning experiences.ObjectivesThis study compared undergraduate students' learning engagement and flow experience when programming on Scratch and LEGO robots.MethodsThe study was conducted in a programming course which involved 28 Chinese undergraduates. At the end of the 14‐week course, all students were requested to complete the questionnaire twice, one for their perceptions of Scratch and the other for those of LEGO robotics. Three semi‐structured focus‐group interviews were also conducted for students' perceptions of the course.Results and ConclusionsThe results showed that LEGO robots scored significantly higher on behavioural and emotional engagement, while cognitive engagement was not significantly different. As for the flow experience, Scratch provided students with a greater sense of control, while LEGO robots allowed students to experience temporal distortion. There were no significant differences in terms of clear goals and immediate feedback.TakeawaysOur study contributes to a better understanding of students' engagement and flow experience in block‐based programming and helps teachers select appropriate programming tools for teaching.
Incorporating microglia‐like cells in human induced pluripotent stem cell‐derived retinal organoids
Authors: Chichagova Valeria , Georgiou Maria , Carter Madeleine , Dorgau Birthe , Hilgen Gerrit , Collin Joseph , Queen Rachel , Chung Git , Ajeian Jila , Moya‐Molina Marina , Kustermann Stefan , Pognan Francois , Hewitt Philip , Schmitt Michael , Sernagor Evelyne , Armstrong Lyle , Lako Majlinda 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMicroglia are the primary resident immune cells in the retina. They regulate neuronal survival and synaptic pruning making them essential for normal development. Following injury, they mediate adaptive responses and under pathological conditions they can trigger neurodegeneration exacerbating the effect of a disease. Retinal organoids derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) are increasingly being used for a range of applications, including disease modelling, development of new therapies and in the study of retinogenesis. Despite many similarities to the retinas developed in vivo, they lack some key physiological features, including immune cells. We engineered an hiPSC co‐culture system containing retinal organoids and microglia‐like (iMG) cells and tested their retinal invasion capacity and function. We incorporated iMG into retinal organoids at 13 weeks and tested their effect on function and development at 15 and 22 weeks of differentiation. Our key findings showed that iMG cells were able to respond to endotoxin challenge in monocultures and when co‐cultured with the organoids. We show that retinal organoids developed normally and retained their ability to generate spiking activity in response to light. Thus, this new co‐culture immunocompetent in vitro retinal model provides a platform with greater relevance to the in vivo human retina.
Additional benefit of systemic antibiotics in subgingival instrumentation of stage III and IV periodontitis with Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans: A retrospective analysis
Authors: Benz Leander , Winkler Patrizia , Dannewitz Bettina , Nickles Katrin , Petsos Hari , Aldiri Talal , Eickholz Peter 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimTo evaluate subgingival instrumentation (SI) in periodontitis stage III and IV, grade B and C with systemic antibiotics (AB) only after detection of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans.Materials and MethodsPatients of the Department of Periodontology of Goethe University Frankfurt/Germany were screened for microbiological testing between 2008 and 2018. All patients with aggressive and generalized severe chronic periodontitis were tested. In case of positive subgingival A. actinomycetemcomitans tests, SI was combined with AB; in all other cases it was not (nAB). Clinical examinations were performed before (T0), 12.4 (9.4/15.1) weeks after SI (T1), and at the last supportive periodontal care (T2; 3.1 [1.4/5.5] years after T1). Results at T1/T2 were assessed as “treat‐to‐target” endpoint (≤4 sites with probing pocket depths ≥5 mm).ResultsFour‐hundred and twenty‐five patients (280 stage III/145 stage IV, 95 grade B/330 grade C) provided complete data (AB 144/nAB 281) for T0 and T1, and 332 (AB 121/nAB 211) for T2. At T1/T2, AB resulted in 53 (37%)/76 (63%) patients with “treat‐to‐target” endpoint, and nAB in 76 (27%)/91 (43%) (p = .038/.001).ConclusionsIn periodontitis stage III and IV, grade B and C with subgingival A. actinomycetemcomitans infection, SI with AB resulted in higher rate of “treat‐to‐target” endpoint than exclusive SI in patients without the infection.
Profiles and trajectories of executive functioning in young children with Down syndrome
Authors: Dimachkie Nunnally A. , Baczewski L. , Sterrett K. , Holbrook A. , Kaiser A. , Kasari C. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundLanguage acquisition strongly predicts executive functioning (EF) in early childhood in typical development and in children with Down syndrome (DS). Both language and EF are critical contributors to later positive social and academic outcomes yet are often areas of concern in children with DS. Despite the wider availability of interventions targeting language development in DS, no efforts have been made to understand how these interventions may influence the development of EF in this population.MethodsThis study examined secondary data from 76 preschoolers with DS collected as part of a randomised waitlist control trial of an early social communication intervention (JASPER‐EMT). Children's EF skills were measured using the BRIEF‐P, at three timepoints over 6 months. Linear regression was used to examine the baseline relationship between child characteristics and the three indices of the BRIEF‐P: Emergent Metacognition, Flexibility and Inhibitory Self‐Control. Linear mixed effects models were used to estimate change across the three indices of the BRIEF‐P and whether that change was moderated by treatment.ResultsChildren in this sample exhibited an uneven profile of EF at baseline, with relative strengths in the Flexibility Index and the Inhibitory Self‐Control Index, and relative weaknesses in the Emerging Metacognition Index. Chronological age was associated with all indices at baseline (all P < 0.05). Children in the intervention group exhibited improvements in the Flexibility Index from entry to exit (3 months later) compared with the control, although this treatment effect did not maintain at the follow up at 6 months.ConclusionsBaseline EF profiles of children were consistent with findings of other studies with children with DS. Longitudinal findings suggest that behavioural interventions targeting language may have positive collateral effects on certain EF skills, however these effects may be transitory without ongoing support. These findings illustrate both the need for further exploration of the impact of early language interventions on EF abilities and the malleability of certain EF domains in young children with DS.
Safety and effectiveness of nano‐pulse stimulation™ technology to treat acne vulgaris of the back
Authors: Katz Bruce E. , Nestor Mark S. , Nuccitelli Richard , Johnston Lauren Jauregui , Knape William A. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThis feasibility study describes the effects of Nano‐pulse stimulation™ (NPS™) technology using the CellFX™ System on acne vulgaris of the back with the objectives of demonstrating safety and effectiveness. The CellFX System applies nanosecond pulses of electrical energy to induce highly localized regulated cell death (RCD) in the cellular structures of the targeted zone with no thermal effect on the tissue and negligible effects on surrounding non‐cellular components.Study Design/Materials and MethodsSeventeen subjects were enrolled at two sites with thirteen subjects completing treatment. Three 7 X 7 cm regions containing at least five bacne lesions each were identified, one region treated with the CellFX across three treatment sessions, the second region treated as a sham using microneedle tip placement without delivering energy, and the third as an untreated control.ResultsCellFX‐treated areas showed an average reduction of acne lesions of 82% by 90 days post‐last procedure. Acne improvement was observed in 100% of CellFX‐treated regions compared to 39% improvement in Sham regions and 31% improvement in the control regions. The most common skin effects were erythema and hyperpigmentation observed in 23% and 92% of the subjects, respectively, at the last timepoint. No serious adverse events were reported.ConclusionsCellFX is a safe and effective procedure for clearing back acne.
Comparison of ultrasound‐guided microwave ablation and ultrasound‐guided vacuum‐assisted excision for treating breast lesions of uncertain malignant potential (B3 lesions): A retrospective study
Authors: Zhang Siqi , Yang Jianquan , Wang Lu , Li Juan , He Chuanshi , Lu Man 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimsTo compare the safety and therapeutic effect of ultrasound (US)‐guided microwave ablation (MWA) and US‐guided vacuum‐assisted excision (VAE) for patients with B3 lesions of the breast.MethodsPatients who underwent US‐guided MWA or US‐guided VAE at Sichuan Tumor Hospital from January 2016 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The technical success rate and residual rate of the two minimally invasive surgeries were recorded. During follow‐up, differences in symptom relief, recurrence or progression, re‐intervention, incidence of adverse events, or personal satisfaction were observed between the two groups.ResultsThe follow‐up time was comparable between the two groups. The technical success rate was similar between the two groups; no residue was found in the US‐guided MWA group, and the residue rate in the US‐guided VAE group was 3.4%. The symptoms of the two groups were improved after the operation. The incidence of postoperative adverse events in the US‐guided MWA group was significantly lower than that in the US‐guided VAE group. Additionally, the MWA group had a lower incidence of adverse events when the tumor diameter was >2.5 cm. Compared to the US‐guided VAE group, the US‐guided MWA group had a lower rate of tumor recurrence or progression, re‐intervention rate, and higher personal satisfaction.ConclusionsThe technical success rate of US‐guided MWA for B3 lesions was comparable to that of US‐guided VAE, but US‐guided MWA had a lower incidence of adverse events and a higher degree of personal satisfaction compared with US‐guided VAE.
How stigma gets “in between”: Associations between changes in perceived stigma, closeness discrepancies, and relationship satisfaction among same‐sex couples
Authors: Frost David M. , LeBlanc Allen J. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSame‐sex couples continue to experience social stigma, which can have negative consequences for the quality of their relationships. The current study combined minority stress theory with closeness discrepancy theory in an examination of how the production of disjunctures between actual and ideal experiences of closeness (i.e., closeness discrepancies) accounts for an indirect association between stigma and relationship quality. Data were obtained from a longitudinal study of same‐sex couples in the United States who were surveyed twice, 1 year apart (N = 552 individuals, 276 couples). Participants completed measures of stigma, closeness discrepancies, and relationship satisfaction (as an outcome of relationship quality) at each Wave. Results from Actor Partner Interdependence Models demonstrated that increases in experiences of stigma over 1 year were associated with increases in closeness discrepancies, which were, in turn, associated with decreases in relationship satisfaction. This indirect pathway was observed for the association between stigma and one's own relationship satisfaction, but not with one's partner's relationship satisfaction. This research extends previous research on stigma and relational well‐being among same‐sex couples by offering a potential explanation for how stigma “gets in between” partners in same‐sex couples thereby diminishing the quality of their romantic relationships.
Northwest Africa 8418: The first CV4 chondrite
Authors: MacPherson G. J. , Nagashima K. , Krot A. N. , Kuehner S. M. , Irving A. J. , Ziegler K. , Mallozzi L. , Corrigan C. , Pitt D. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractNorthwest Africa (NWA) 8418 is an unusual chondrite whose properties do not exactly match those of any other known chondrite. It has similarities to the CV (Vigarano group), CK (Karoonda group), and CL (Loongana group) chondrites, but its abundance of large calcium‐aluminum‐rich inclusions (CAIs) and the low NiO content (<0.2 wt%) of its matrix olivine ally it most closely with the CV group. The absence of grossular, monticellite, wollastonite, and sodalite from the alteration products of the CAIs; the magnesium‐rich nature of the matrix olivines (Fa38) relative to that of the CV3 chondrites (~Fa50); and the presence of secondary Na‐bearing plagioclase and chlorapatite indicate a metamorphic temperature >600 °C. NWA 8418 contains kamacite, taenite, and troilite, and lacks magnetite and pentlandite. We propose that NWA 8418 be reclassified as a reduced CV4 chondrite, which makes it the first CV chondrite of petrologic type 4.
Implementing landscape genetics in molecular epidemiology to determine drivers of vector‐borne disease: A malaria case study
Authors: Hubbard Alfred , Hemming‐Schroeder Elizabeth , Machani Maxwell Gesuge , Afrane Yaw , Yan Guiyun , Lo Eugenia , Janies Daniel 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis study employs landscape genetics to investigate the environmental drivers of a deadly vector‐borne disease, malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum, in a more spatially comprehensive manner than any previous work. With 1804 samples from 44 sites collected in western Kenya in 2012 and 2013, we performed resistance surface analysis to show that Lake Victoria acts as a barrier to transmission between areas north and south of the Winam Gulf. In addition, Mantel correlograms clearly showed significant correlations between genetic and geographic distance over short distances (less than 70 km). In both cases, we used an identity‐by‐state measure of relatedness tailored to find highly related individual parasites in order to focus on recent gene flow that is more relevant to disease transmission. To supplement these results, we performed conventional population genetics analyses, including Bayesian clustering methods and spatial ordination techniques. These analyses revealed some differentiation on the basis of geography and elevation and a cluster of genetic similarity in the lowlands north of the Winam Gulf of Lake Victoria. Taken as a whole, these results indicate low overall genetic differentiation in the Lake Victoria region, but with some separation of parasite populations north and south of the Winam Gulf that is explained by the presence of the lake as a geographic barrier to gene flow. We recommend similar landscape genetics analyses in future molecular epidemiology studies of vector‐borne diseases to extend and contextualize the results of traditional population genetics.
Climate adaptation and vulnerability of foundation species in a global change hotspot
Authors: Gallegos Cristóbal , Hodgins Kathryn A. , Monro Keyne 
Published: January 2023

AbstractClimate change is altering species ranges, and relative abundances within ranges, as populations become differentially adapted and vulnerable to the climates they face. Understanding present species ranges, whether species harbour and exchange adaptive variants, and how variants are distributed across landscapes undergoing rapid change, is therefore crucial to predicting responses to future climates and informing conservation strategies. Such insights are nonetheless lacking for most species of conservation concern. We assess genomic patterns of neutral variation, climate adaptation and climate vulnerability (offsets in predicted distributions of putatively adaptive variants across present and future landscapes) for sister foundation species, the marine tubeworms Galeolaria caespitosa and Galeolaria gemineoa, in a sentinel region for climate change impacts. We find that species are genetically isolated despite uncovering sympatry in their ranges, show parallel and nonparallel signals of thermal adaptation on spatial scales smaller than gene flow across their ranges, and are predicted to face different risks of maladaptation under future temperatures across their ranges. Our findings have implications for understanding local adaptation in the face of gene flow, and generate spatially explicit predictions for climatic disruption of adaptation and species distributions in coastal ecosystems that could guide experimental validation and conservation planning.
Discerning Providence: How the Reign of God in Liberation Theology Explicates Divine Struggle as a Feature of Providence
Authors: Hayes Andrew 
Published: January 2023

AbstractRecently there has been rising interest in the doctrine of providence with a number of significant texts being published in English. In general, these and past treatments consolidate established discussions (such as those concerning divine action and causality, human and divine agency and the problem of suffering) rather than engaging liberative theologies of any variety. This article aims to demonstrate how liberative theologies can extend the scope of the study of this doctrine in fruitful ways. In particular, it demonstrates the potential of Jon Sobrino's explication of the Reign of God to reframe explorations of providence around opposition to God's will (described as the anti‐Reign) and the corporate nature of discernment, suggesting that providence is revealed in concrete connection to anthropology and sin in the real world. This reorients reflections on providence towards the theo‐political and practical resistance to the anti‐Reign and participation in the Reign of God in the present reality.
Prevalence and trends in obesity and severe obesity in Korean children and adolescents, 2007–2020: A population‐based study
Authors: Park Hong Kyu , Seo Ji‐Young , Jung Hae Woon , Lim Jung Sub 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe age‐adjusted prevalence of child and adolescent obesity has been stabilized in the Korean population, although severe obesity has increased with adverse health effects. In this study, we detailed the prevalence of and trends in overweight, obesity, and severe obesity in Korean children and adolescents by age group and sex from a nationally representative sample, using a new, 2017 age‐ and sex‐specific reference for body mass index.MethodsWe collected Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data from the years 2007–2020. A total of 23,595 subjects (11,210 females) aged 2–18 years were included in this study. We calculated the recent prevalence of overweight and obesity, including severe obesity, by weighted data from 2019 and 2020.ResultsThe prevalence of overweight and obesity (class II and class III obesity) was 23.5% and 14.2% (2.5% and 0.5%), respectively. Males showed a higher prevalence of overweight and obesity. Adolescents aged 13–15 years showed the highest prevalence of severe obesity. A positive linear trend was significant for overweight (p = 0.025), class I obesity (p < 0.001), and class II obesity (p = 0.002) for both sexes and all ages combined. However, the trend of obesity prevalence was different in each subgroup. Comparing pre‐ and post‐ COVID‐19 pandemic, obesity prevalence seemed to increase, but not significantly.ConclusionsDespite previous reports that obesity in children and adolescents has remained stable, we found that the prevalence of overweight, obesity, and severe obesity has increased in Korean children and adolescents. The effects of COVID‐19 on this trend require further evaluation.
Case of concurrence of bullous pemphigoid and Norwegian scabies
Authors: wang Xuesong , Liu Yongxia , Li Jianke , Bao Fangfang , Chen Mingfei 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBullous pemphigoid (BP) with scabies is a condition rarely encountered in clinical practice, and when it is encountered, it is often due to the use of immunosuppressants. This paper is a report on a patient with BP and scabies, who developed scabs after taking dexamethasone. It should be noted that BP antibody is necessary, which can distinguish BP with scabies and bullous scabies, and the treatment options for the two diseases are different.