bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gratitude, fragility and strength: Perspectives of adults born preterm about prematurity
Authors: Girard‐Bock Camille , Luu Thuy Mai , Bourque Claude Julie , Nuyt Anne Monique , Barrington Keith J. , Janvier Annie 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimThe aim of the study was to explore how young adults thought that being born preterm had affected their lives.MethodsAdult participants of a research cohort were questioned about their perspectives. Answers were analysed using mixed methods.ResultsForty‐five participants evaluated their health at median score of 8/10. When asked about the meaning of being born preterm, 65% had positive self‐centred answers, invoking two main themes: being stronger/‘a fighter’/more resilient and being a survivor/chosen; 42% also reported negative themes, such as having health problems and a difficult start. All heard about their prematurity from their parents, 55% with positive child‐centred or healthcare system‐centred themes, 19% with neutral themes; 35% also heard negative parent‐centred themes (tragic experience, guilt, mother's health). When asked which words were associated with prematurity, participants mainly chose positive words for themselves and their family, but more negative words for how the media and society depicted prematurity. Answers were not correlated with adverse objective health measures.ConclusionParticipants evaluated their health in a balanced fashion. Preterm‐born adults often feel that they have experienced positive transformations as a result of their traumatic start. They often have feelings of gratitude and strength, independent of health problems.
Dysfunction of circadian and sleep rhythms in the early stages of Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Rigat Ludovica , Ouk Koliane , Kramer Achim , Priller Josef 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDysfunction of circadian and sleep rhythms is an early feature of many neurodegenerative diseases. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder resulting in cognitive and psychiatric disturbances. Although it is largely unclear whether dysfunctions in sleep and circadian rhythms contribute to the etiology of AD or are a consequence of the disease, there is evidence that these conditions are involved in a complex self‐reinforcing bidirectional relationship. According to the recent studies, dysregulation of the circadian clock already occurs during the asymptomatic stage of the disease and could promote neurodegeneration. Thus, restoration of sleep and circadian rhythms in preclinical AD may represent an opportunity for early intervention to slow the disease course.
Reducing touching eyes, nose and mouth (‘T‐zone’) to reduce the spread of infectious disease: A prospective study of motivational, volitional and non‐reflective predictors
Authors: Wilson Mackenzie , van Allen Zachary M. , Grimshaw Jeremy M. , Brehaut Jamie C. , Durand Audrey , Lalonde Jean‐François , Manuel Douglas G. , Michie Susan , West Robert , Presseau Justin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe route into the body for many pathogens is through the eyes, nose and mouth (i.e., the ‘T‐zone’) via inhalation or fomite‐based transfer during face touching. It is important to understand factors that are associated with touching the T‐zone to inform preventive strategies.PurposeTo identify theory‐informed predictors of intention to reduce facial ‘T‐zone’ touching and self‐reported ‘T‐zone’ touching.MethodsWe conducted a nationally representative prospective questionnaire study of Canadians. Respondents were randomized to answer questions about touching their eyes, nose, or mouth with a questionnaire assessing 11 factors from an augmented Health Action Process Approach at baseline: intention, outcome expectancies, risk perception, individual severity, self‐efficacy, action planning, coping planning, social support, automaticity, goal facilitation and stability of context. At 2‐week follow‐up, we assessed HAPA‐based indicators of self‐regulatory activities (awareness of standards, effort, self‐monitoring) and self‐reported behaviour (primary dependent variable).ResultsOf 656 Canadian adults recruited, 569 responded to follow‐up (87% response rate). Across all areas of the ‘T‐zone’, outcome expectancy was the strongest predictor of intention to reduce facial ‘T‐zone’ touching, while self‐efficacy was a significant predictor for only the eyes and mouth. Automaticity was the strongest predictor of behaviour at the 2‐week follow‐up. No sociodemographic or psychological factors predicted behaviour, with the exception of self‐efficacy, which negatively predicted eye touching.ConclusionFindings suggest that focusing on reflective processes may increase intention to reduce ‘T‐zone’ touching, while reducing actual ‘T‐zone’ touching may require strategies that address the automatic nature of this behaviour.
Smaller size of harlequin toads from populations long exposed to the fungal disease chytridiomycosis
Authors: Lampo Margarita , Señaris Celsa , González Katiuska , Ballestas Onil 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPathogens can exert great selective pressures on the life history traits of their hosts. Species experiencing high mortality throughout their adulthood can benefit from breeding earlier. Chytridiomycosis, a fungal disease caused by the chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), has been a major driver of extinction for harlequin toads (Atelopus) and continues to be frequent cause of adult mortality for species persisting with endemic infections. We compared the body size of Atelopus cruciger between a remnant population long exposed to Bd (post‐epidemic) and populations sampled before the presumed Bd outbreak in the late 80s (pre‐epidemic). Reproductive female and male toads from pre‐epidemic populations were significantly bigger than those from post‐epidemic populations at similar altitudes, suggesting that toads from post‐epidemic populations are breeding earlier. A significant positive relationship between body size and the number of eggs in oviducts suggests a trade‐off between the benefit of breeding earlier and the cost of smaller clutch sizes. This cost–benefit relationship is likely to change along elevation gradients because the number of eggs relative to body size tends to be lower at higher elevations. By breeding earlier harlequin toad populations long exposed to Bd can increase their demographic competence, particularly in lowland habitats, where the cost–benefit relationship of breeding earlier tends to be more favorable.Abstract in Spanish is available with online material.
Characterization of primary hyperparathyroidism based on target organ involvement: An analysis from the Indian PHPT registry
Authors: Mukherjee Soham , Arya Ashutosh K. , Bhadada Sanjay Kumar , Pal Rimesh , Lohani Shivangani , Gupta Ashish , Rao Sudhaker D. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundIt has been a matter of debate for long time about the existence of two distinct phenotypes of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) predisposed to either renal or skeletal manifestation.ObjectiveTo differentiate characteristics of symptomatic PHPT patients based on the presence of skeletal or renal involvement.DesignRetrospective analysis of data from the Indian PHPT registry.PatientsPHPT patients were divided into four discrete groups: asymptomatic, presenting with renal manifestations alone, skeletal manifestations alone, and both skeletal and renal manifestations.MeasurementsClinical, biochemical, and tumour weight and histopathological characteristics of these groups were compared.ResultsOf the 229 eligible patients, 45 were asymptomatic, 62 had renal manifestations, 55 had skeletal manifestations, and 67 had both skeletal and renal manifestations. Patients with both skeletal and renal manifestations had higher serum calcium levels than those with isolated skeletal involvement [12.5 (11.1–13.7) mg/dL, 11.2 (10.6–12.3) mg/dL, respectively; p < .05]. Serum alkaline phosphatase (AP), plasma parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels, and parathyroid tumour weight were significantly higher in patients with isolated skeletal, and both skeletal and renal manifestations, compared to the other two groups. A preoperative PTH and AP level of 300 pg/mL and 152 U/L, predicted the risk of developing skeletal involvement with sensitivity and specificity of 71%, 70%, and 69%, 67%, respectively.ConclusionsWe observed distinct skeletal and renal phenotypic subgroups among PHPT patients with characteristic biochemical and hormonal patterns with higher parathyroid disease burden in patients with skeletal complications compared to those with isolated renal manifestation.
Price determinants of bred heifers: Do reputations matter?
Authors: Pinto Allan F. , Goodrich Brittney K. , Kelley William , Runge Max 
Published: March 2023

AbstractReplacement brood cows are among the most significant investments for cow‐calf operations, thus crucial to profitability. Many cow‐calf producers find it cost effective to purchase replacements from a reliable replacement heifer seller, though by doing so they increase risk of reproductive inefficiency due to unknown characteristics of the heifers. When important information about a product is missing to buyers, a seller can build a reputation over time that acts as signal for quality. Previous work has explored reputation effects in feeder cattle markets, but to our knowledge we are the first to explore reputation effects in bred replacement cattle markets. Using data from an annual replacement heifer sale, we analyze the values of heifer characteristics and test for premiums from reputation development. After controlling for reproductive practices, breed, and other characteristics, we find reputation does not play the role that Shapiro theorized. In this sale, the lot order is strategically chosen and may indicate bred heifer quality to buyers, replacing the need for reputation as a signal. This study highlights the importance of quality signals and regional preferences in bred replacement cattle marketing and lays the empirical groundwork for future studies to test Shapiro's theory.
Cardiopulmonary exercise testing to indicate increased ventilatory variability in subjects with dysfunctional breathing
Authors: Mendes Nathalia B. S. , Plachi Franciele , Guimarães Amanda , Nolasco Talmir , Gass Ricardo , Nogueira Marcelo , Teixeira Paulo J. Z. , Gazzana Marcelo B. , Neder J Alberto , Berton Danilo C. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundDysfunctional breathing (DB) is a common, but largely underappreciated, cause of chronic dyspnoea. Under visual inspection, most subjects with DB present with larger sequential changes in ventilation (V̇E) and breathing pattern (tidal volume (VT) and breathing frequency (f)) before and/or during incremental cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET). Currently, however, there are no objective criteria to indicate increased ventilatory variability in these subjects.MethodsTwenty chronically dyspnoeic subjects with DB and 10 age‐ and sex‐matched controls performed CPET on a cycle ergometer. Cut‐offs to indicate increased V̇E, VT, f, and f/VT ratio variability (Δ = highest‐lowest 20 s arithmetic mean) over the last resting minute (rest), the 2sd min of unloaded exercise (unload), and the 3rd min of loaded exercise (load) were established by ROC curve analyses.ResultsSubjects with DB presented with increased V̇E, higher ventilatory variability, higher dyspnoea burden, and lower exercise capacity compared to controls (p < 0.05). ΔV̇Eload (>4.1 L/min), Δfrest (>5 breaths/min; bpm), Δfunload (>4 bpm), Δfload (>5 bpm), Δf/VTrest (>4.9 bpm/L), and Δf/VTload (>1.3 bpm/L) differentiated DB from a normal pattern (areas under the curve ranging from 0.729 to 0.845). High Δf, in particular, was associated with DB across all CPET phases.ConclusionsThis study provides objective criteria to indicate increased ventilatory variability during incremental CPET in dyspnoeic subjects with DB. Large variability in breathing frequency seems particularly useful in this context, a finding that should be prospectively confirmed in larger studies.
Importance of caregivers' subjective social status and neighbourhood disadvantage for adolescents with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Mackie Tayler , Morrow Troy D. , Abadula Fayo J. , Jaser Sarah S. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimsAdolescents with type 1 diabetes from low‐income populations are more likely to have difficulty in managing their diabetes and ultimately have poorer glycaemic outcomes, but less is known about neighbourhood‐level factors or subjective social status (SSS) as risk/protective factors. We examined associations between multiple indicators of socio‐economic status with diabetes outcomes.MethodsOne hundred and ninety‐eight adolescents ages 13–17 (58% female, 58% White, non‐Hispanic) experiencing moderate diabetes distress completed measures of diabetes management and diabetes distress, and their caregivers reported on SSS. Glycaemic indicators were extracted from medical records, and participants' addresses were used to determine area deprivation index (ADI).ResultsHigher levels of neighbourhood disadvantage were significantly associated with higher haemoglobin A1c levels and average glucose levels, but caregivers' SSS was more strongly associated with all glycaemic indicators, diabetes management and diabetes distress.ConclusionsGiven strong associations between caregivers' SSS and glycaemic control, diabetes management, and diabetes distress, screening for caregivers' SSS may identify adolescents who would benefit from additional support.
Mobilizing religious differences and terrorism, negotiating civil rights in Egypt
Authors: Abraham Nevine 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe Egyptian state's publication of its first National Human Rights Strategy 2021–2026 (NHRS) (2021) on the anniversary of the September 11th attacks came at the crossroads of Western pressure to improve human rights and the state's use of counterterrorism to silence voices. The recent arrests of Coptic activists, dubbing them “terrorists” on the pretext of disturbing public peace and instigating sectarianism, follows the regime's capitalization on Egypt's history of battling Islamic radicalism and sectarian strife. The regime has additionally used societal instabilities post the 2011 revolution to demonstrate Egypt's unique case of human rights. This paper analyzes the ways in which the language of the NHRS entangles terrorism to negotiate the interpretation of civil rights and social justice. In doing so, the thesis of NHRS posits civil rights and social justice to be the responsibility of the collective in general, and religious institutions in particular, as preservers of public peace and national unity. While the publication of the NHRS is inscribed in the feigning of democratization to Western donors, assigning Coptic activists as terrorists, as this paper argues, plays up religious differences, broadens the purview of counterterrorism, and expands state power.
Risk of disease relapse, safety and tolerability of SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccination in patients with chronic inflammatory neuropathies
Authors: Doneddu Pietro Emiliano , Briani Chiara , Cocito Dario , Manganelli Fiore , Fabrizi Gian Maria , Matà Sabrina , Mazzeo Anna , Fazio Raffaella , Benedetti Luana , Luigetti Marco , Inghilleri Maurizio , Ruiu Elisa , Siciliano Gabriele , Cosentino Giuseppe , Marfia Girolama Alessandra , Carpo Marinella , Filosto Massimiliano , Antonini Giovanni , Notturno Francesca , Sotgiu Stefano , Cucurachi Laura , Dell'Aquila Claudia , Bianchi Elisa , Rosso Tiziana , Giordano Andrea , Fernandes Marco , Campagnolo Marta , Peci Erdita , Spina Emanuele , Tagliapietra Matteo , Sperti Martina , Gentile Luca , Strano Camilla , Germano Francesco , Romozzi Marina , Moret Federica , Zarbo Ignazio Roberto , Viola Divina Valeria , Vegezzi Elisa , Mataluni Giorgia , Cotti‐Piccinelli Stefano , Leonardi Luca , Carta Alessandra , Nobile‐Orazio Eduardo ,   the INCLUSIVE Study Group
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackground and purposeThe aim was to evaluate the risk of relapse after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) vaccination, and its safety and tolerability, in patients with chronic inflammatory neuropathies.MethodsIn this multicenter, cohort and case‐crossover study, the risk of relapse associated with SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccination was assessed by comparing the frequency of relapse in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) and multifocal motor neuropathy (MMN) patients who underwent or did not undergo vaccination. Frequency of relapse in the 3 months prior to and after vaccination, and safety and tolerability of SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccination, were also assessed.ResultsIn all, 336 patients were included (278 CIDP, 58 MMN). Three hundred and seven (91%) patients underwent SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccination. Twenty‐nine patients (9%) did not undergo vaccination. Mild and transient relapses were observed in 16 (5%) patients (13 CIDP, 3 MMN) after SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccination and in none of the patients who did not undergo vaccination (relative risk [RR] 3.21, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.19–52.25). There was no increase in the specific risk of relapse associated with type of vaccine or diagnosis. Comparison with the 3‐month control period preceding vaccination revealed an increased risk of relapse after vaccination (RR 4.00, 95% CI 1.35–11.82), which was restricted to CIDP patients (RR 3.25, 95% CI 1.07–9.84). The safety profile of SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccination was characterized by short‐term, mild‐to‐moderate local and systemic adverse events.ConclusionsSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) vaccination in CIDP and MMN patients does not seem to be associated with an increased risk of relapse at the primary end‐point, although a slightly increased risk in CIDP patients was found compared to the 3 months before vaccination.
Improving the accuracy of models to map alpine grassland above‐ground biomass using Google earth engine
Authors: Shi Yan , Gao Jay , Brierley Gary , Li Xilai , Perry George L. W. , Xu Tingting 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAccurate modelling and mapping of alpine grassland aboveground biomass (AGB) are crucial for pastoral agriculture planning and management on the Qinghai Tibet Plateau (QTP). This study assessed the effectiveness of four popular models (traditional multiple linear regression (MLR), support vector machine (SVM), artificial neural network (ANN), and deep neural network (DNN)) with various input combinations (geospatial variables [GV], vegetation types [VT], field measurements [FM], meteorological variables [MV] and observation time [OT]) for AGB estimation based on a new framework for AGB modelling and mapping using Google Earth Engine. The results showed that the input feature of GV had a poor performance in AGB estimation (0.121 < R2 < 0.591). FM improved the accuracy the most when incorporated with GV (0.815 < R2 < 0.833). Although MV, VT and OT improved the accuracy (R2) only by 0.112–0.216 with an importance rank order of MV > VT > OT for machine learning models, their outputs could be used to map AGB. Grass AGB was less accurately predicted than shrub AGB, but the pooling of both VTs improved estimation accuracy (R2) by 0.171–0.269. The performance of the models followed the ranked order of DNN > ANN > SVM > MLR. DNN had the highest accuracy (R2 = 0.818) using all non‐field measured variables (excluding FM) as the inputs, and it was successfully applied to a new dataset (not associated with the data used in the training and testing) with aR2of 0.676. This study presents an effective and operational framework for modelling and mapping grassland AGB. Accordingly, it provides the scientific foundations to determine of sustainable grazing carrying capacity in alpine grasslands.
THE GERMAN MUSEUM AND THE EARLY RECEPTION OF GERMAN LETTERS IN BRITAIN, 1800–18011
Authors: Puckey Oliver 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTThe early reception of German letters in London can be better understood through a close reading of the bookseller Constantin Geisweiler's short‐lived journal The German Museum (1800–1801). The 1790s have been described as an era of literary ‘Germanomania’, as numerous translations of German works appeared for the first time in English. By 1800, however, an increasingly pejorative assessment of the supposedly pro‐Jacobin and atheistic character of German culture had entrenched itself among British critics. Geisweiler and his co‐contributors responded to this through wide‐ranging analyses of German literature and philosophy. Although Geisweiler's enterprise was, commercially speaking, a failure, this article argues that The German Museum was nevertheless significant for breaking out of the rigid mould of ‘Schauer‐, Ritter‐ and Räuberromane’ that had superficially characterised earlier British interest in German culture. This article will argue that the period around 1800 was a particularly febrile one for processes of Anglo‐German cultural transfer due to the consolidation of transnational networks of booksellers, printers and publishers – networks whose activities would be severely compromised following Napoleon's Continental Blockade of 1806. In the final analysis, nascent British ideas of ‘Germany’ at the turn of the nineteenth century can be more robustly historicised through a scrutinous reading of Geisweiler's journal.
An insight into the thermal processability of highly bioactive borosilicate glasses through kinetic approach
Authors: Chakraborty Anustup , Bodhak Subhadip , Molla Atiar Rahaman , Annapurna Kalyandurg , Biswas Kaushik 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe paucity of crystallization resistant bioactive glasses with desired biological functions stands as a bottleneck toward the fabrication of various biomedical constructs such as amorphous coatings, scaffolds, and fibers for advanced tissue engineering applications. In this context, a series of borosilicate‐based bioactive glasses with a range of compositions: (53.88 − x)SiO2–21.7Na2O–21.7CaO–1.7P2O5–xB2O3 (mol%) where x = 0, 13.47, 22.45, 31.43, and 40.41 were prepared to address such limitation. The glasses were primarily investigated for their potential to be processed into amorphous scaffolds through evaluation of crystallization kinetics, sintering behavior, and viscosity–temperature dependence. The inclusion of B2O3 gradually reduces the activation energy of crystallization (Ea), according to the prediction from different kinetic models, whereas Friedman's model‐free method unraveled the variation in Ea as crystallization progresses. The crystallization event is further elucidated by obtaining the Avrami parameter (n) and dimensionality (m) through Matusita–Sakka equation. The optimization of the sintering schedule for amorphous scaffold preparation was accomplished by exploiting isothermal prediction from Avrami–Erofeev model. Moreover, viscosity–temperature relationship for the studied glasses was established to identify the processing window for drawing and sintering. This study proposes a comprehensive approach adopting theoretical models to elucidate suitable high‐temperature process parameters of bioactive glasses avoiding devitrification.