bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship between Aortic Root Diameter and Type 2 Diabetes in Hypertensive Patients
Authors: Elhosary Ahmed Mohamed , Allaithy Amany Mohamed , Abd-alaal Mohamed Ahmed , Kassem Hanan Kamel 
Published: February 2023

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) involves a series of metabolic conditions associated with hyperglycaemia which is caused by defects in insulin secretion and./or insulin action. The aim of this work was assessment of the relationship between Aortic Root (AOR) diameter and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Hypertension (HTN) cases.
Methods: This prospective case control study was carried out on 80 HTN cases. Cases were divided in to three groups: Group A (30 HTN cases) with type 2 DM with good metabolic control (Hb AIC ≤ 7.0), group B: (30 HTN cases) with type 2 DM with poor metabolic control (Hb AIC > 7.0) and C (Control group) 20 HTN, non-DM subjects of the same age and sex group with no other comorbid conditions.
Results: FS had a significant decline in group A (P2 = 0.001) and in group B (P3 <0.001) than C. EF had a significant difference among all groups (P <0.001). Early wave declaration time (DT) had a significant decline in group A (P2 = 0.049) and in group B (P3= 0.023) than C. Tissue doppler early velocity wave had a significant difference among all groups (P = 0.004). Tissue doppler early velocity wave had a significant decline in group A and B than C. (P2 = 0.038. P3 = 0.003).
Conclusions: AOR in HTN cases had a significant decline in DM cases compared with non-DM cases. In our results, glycaemic control didn’t play a significant role in aortic root.
Development of Seasonal ARIMA Model to Predict Wholesale Price of Rice in Delhi Market
Authors: Sanjeev . , Kundu Rohit , Sharma Ajay , Preeti . 
Published: February 2023

Price prediction is more acute with rice crops particularly due to its seasonality. Prediction of rice prices can provide critical and useful information to rice growers making production and marketing decisions. The objectives of this paper were to analyze the wholesale price of rice crop and to develop a Seasonal ARIMA model to predict the monthly rice prices at wholesale level in Delhi, for years 2021. Autocorrelation function (ACF) and partial autocorrelation function (PACF) were estimated, which led to the identification and construction of Seasonal ARIMA models, for explaining the time series and help the future forecasting of rice price. SARIMA (1, 1, 1) (0, 1, 1)12 model was selected as the most suitable model to predict rice price based on RMSE, MAPE and AIC.
Soil Characteristics Interrelationship with Treated Soil Micronutrients in Nigerian Southern
Authors: Ebong Godwin Asukwo , Etuk Helen Solomon , Anweting Idongesit Bassey , Bassey Inemesit Ndarake 
Published: February 2023

We investigated the influence of soil properties on the availability or otherwise of micronutrients in agricultural soils impacted by inorganic and organic manures in the South-South Area of Nigeria. The levels of pH, organic matter (OM), cation exchange capacity (CEC), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), and zinc (Zn) in the understudy soil were examined. The measured pH, OM, CEC, Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn levels revealed: 6.04±0.49, 17.68±4.78 %, 7.97±0.81 Cmolkg-1, 5.27±0.82 mgkg-1, 232.49±16.01 mgkg-1, 109.30±9.85 mgkg-1, and 8.40±1.15 mgkg-1, for pH, OM, CEC, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn, respectively. The values were within the acceptable limits set by national and international standards.
The study revealed variable relationships between the soil properties and micronutrients in the studied soils at p < 0.05. Soil pH exhibited a strong negative association with all the micronutrients except Zn. However, a strong positive correlation (p< 0.10) was recorded between pH and Zn. OM showed a significant positive correlation (p< 0.10) with Fe, a weak positive correlation with Zn, and a non-significant negative correlation (p< 0.10) with Cu and Mn at p < 0.10. CEC exhibited a fair positive association with Fe and Zn, and a non-significant negative correlation (p< 0.10) with Cu and Mn. The principal component analysis (PCA) identified a combination of anthropogenic and natural impact and the impact of agrochemicals applied as the major factors influencing the properties determined in the studied soils. The study concluded that soil properties have a strong influence on the availability or otherwise of micronutrients in the soil.
Unifying Outpatient Practices to Redress Structural Racism in an Urban Health System
Authors: Schlozman Sofia R. , Smirnoff Margaret , McAlearney Ann Scheck , Horowitz Carol R. , Richardson Lynne D. , Yagnik Radhi , Bickell Nina A. 
Published: February 2025

ImportanceThere is a strong and increasing focus on redressing structural racism in health care systems. Structural racism persists by separating clinical care sites that treat patients of racial and ethnic minority groups who are disproportionately covered by Medicaid from sites that treat patients who are White and disproportionately covered by commercial insurance. Practice unification refers to efforts to eliminate this form of segregation.ObjectiveTo define and investigate the facilitators, barriers, and the effects associated with unification of outpatient practices to reduce structural racism in a large urban health system.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis qualitative study used semistructured interviews conducted within a large urban health system in New York from February to October 2023. Trained researchers interviewed clinical and administrative leaders of outpatient clinical practices that were pursuing unification, and health system leaders overseeing multiple practices.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThematic analysis was used to identify facilitators of and barriers to unification, challenges and benefits after unification, and persistent dimensions of segregation within clinics that had nominally unified. These insights were used to create a framework for the unification process.ResultsThe thematic analysis included qualitative information from 5 administrative leaders, 12 clinical leaders, and 6 health system leaders, and found that unification facilitators were financial benefit, relocation to new facility spaces, and advocacy by leaders and trainees, while barriers were financial concerns, space constraints, and physician and staff attitudes. After attaining and experiencing some degree of practice unification, interviewees reported financial gain, more support staff, perceptions of greater equity, better educational experiences, and increased practitioner and trainee satisfaction. Challenges reported after unification were changes in staff roles, financial concerns, patient dissatisfaction, and difficulties interfacing with segregated practices within the health system. Partially unified practices maintained dimensions of segregation, by practitioner, payer, and/or scheduling/time (temporal segregation).Conclusions and RelevanceThis qualitative study found that outpatient practice unification was perceived to be a financially and equity-driven process with multiple dimensions. However, not all of the unification procedures had been completely implemented. These findings indicate that successful unification of outpatient practices in a large urban health care system requires attention to multiple dimensions, as well as overcoming challenges regarding finances, facility space, reimbursement policies, and patient and staff satisfaction.
Burden of Comorbid Conditions Among Individuals Screened for Lung Cancer
Authors: Braithwaite Dejana , Karanth Shama , Slatore Christopher G. , Yang Jae Jeong , Tammemagi Martin , Gould Michael K. , Silvestri Gerard A. 
Published: February 2025

ImportanceScreening for lung cancer with low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) has been shown to reduce lung cancer mortality in trials that included relatively younger, healthier, and predominantly White populations. The comorbidity profiles among patients undergoing lung cancer screening in practice settings are poorly understood.ObjectiveTo evaluate the comorbidity profiles of patients in the Personalized Lung Cancer Screening (PLuS) cohort as a clinical setting vs the National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) participants in a clinical trial setting.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis multicenter cohort study was conducted across 3 health care systems in California, Florida, and South Carolina and included patients who underwent LDCT lung cancer screening between 2016 and 2021. Data were analyzed between January 1, 2016, and December 31, 2021.ExposuresReceipt of the LDCT scan identified through Current Procedural Terminology and Healthcare Common Procedure Coding System codes.Main Outcomes and MeasuresDetailed comorbidity data, measures of pulmonary function, and study data abstracted from electronic health records and institutional, Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER), and state registries were compared with self-reported comorbid conditions of participants in the LDCT arm of the NLST.ResultsThe PLuS cohort (n = 31 795) included 49.0% participants aged 65 years or older vs 26.6% in the NLST cohort (n = 26 723); 23.3% were individuals of racial and ethnic minority groups in the PLuS cohort compared with 8.5% in the NLST. The prevalence of comorbidity was substantially higher in the PLuS cohort than the NLST group, particularly chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (32.7% vs 17.5%), diabetes (24.6% vs 9.7%), and heart disease (15.9% vs 12.9%). Among those in the PLuS cohort, 19.3% had a Charlson Comorbidity Index score of 4 or higher, 18.0% had a frailty index greater than 0.20, 16.9% had a forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV-1) lower than 50% of predicted, and almost 5% had an ejection fraction lower than 40%. The prevalence of multimorbidity and frailty was especially high among those in the 75 years or older age group.Conclusions and RelevanceThis study found that the PLuS cohort members were older, had greater illness severity, and more racially and ethnically diverse than the NLST participants. Older patients and those with consequential comorbidity likely had different risk-benefit profiles, which may have affected screening outcomes. The high prevalence of multimorbidity, frailty, and impaired cardiopulmonary function in the PLuS cohort suggests that the balance of benefits and harms observed in the NLST group may not translate to the clinical setting.
Technologies for On‐Site Detection of Plant Pests and Pathogens: An Assessment of Their Benefits and Barriers to Deployment
Authors: Elliott Ashleigh J. , Parr Michael D. , Vazquez‐Iglesias Ines , Gupta Manisha , Tomlinson Jenny , Harrison Catherine , van den Berg Femke 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Reliable and low‐cost on‐site diagnostics offer significant benefits for the detection and diagnosis of plant pests to enable a rapid response to limit their impact. This review assesses in‐field, on‐site and satellite/remote laboratory‐based diagnostic technologies for the detection of plant pests against the ASSURED criteria, a recognised set of benchmarks used to compare on‐site tests. Despite this assessment identifying a range of technologies that score highly against these criteria, routine uptake of on‐site diagnostics in plant health is limited. Several barriers to uptake exist, the most prevalent being the lack of co‐design of novel technologies with end users leading to the end product being unable to fulfil testing objectives or being unsuitable for usage under common operational conditions. This review also identified a lack of standardised validation data sourced from intended environments in the hands of the intended users, noting that this data would be invaluable in evidencing the efficacy of novel on‐site technologies within a wider testing program. The lack of this information currently limits the routine integration of on‐site tests into regulatory plant health testing due to the high‐cost implications of incorrect results.
An Adaptive Fractional Order MPPT Control for Maximum Power Extraction From Solar Photovoltaic System
Authors: Chauhan Urvashi , Chhabra Himanshu , Rani Asha , Kumar Bhavnesh , Singh Vijander 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTTraditional MPPT techniques have inherent limitations such as slow convergence, incompetent toward rapid and extreme atmospheric conditions, and oscillations at maximum power peak (MPP). This paper presents a novel adaptive maximum power point tracking controller to mitigate the drawbacks of traditional MPPT techniques. In the devised control strategy, proportional and integral controller gains are made adaptive with respect to instantaneous error, which in turn reduces the power losses. Further, non‐integer integral and derivative coefficients of PID controller have been employed to enhance the accuracy. Here, Lambert‐W function is used to convert implicit equation of solar PV model into explicit equation to calculate the output power and its derivative. Parameters of the proposed controller are optimized using dragonfly optimization algorithm. The proposed scheme is analyzed on a string of KC130GT solar module consisting of a 4S1P configuration. The performance of the proposed controller is examined in terms of convergence rate and power tracking competency under six different irradiance profiles, that is, (i) constant irradiance, (ii) slow varying irradiance, (iii) fast varying irradiance, (iv) sinusoidal irradiance (v) extreme varying irradiance, and (vi) partial shading condition. Moreover, the performance of the proposed controller is investigated over other state‐of‐art MPPT controllers based on efficiency analysis, RMSE value, and time response analysis. The result reveals that the proposed technique offers the highest tracking efficiency of 99.38% under constant irradiance, whereas PID and AN‐PID recode the average efficiency of 99.05% and 98.79%, respectively. It can be noted that ANFOPID recorded the highest tracking efficiencies for other irradiance patterns in comparison with other designed controllers. Moreover, AN‐FOPID consistently exhibits the lowest RMSE values and efficient time response performance, indicating its superior performance compared to the PID and AN‐PID techniques.
Hot Exciton‐Based Plastic Scintillator Engineered for Efficient Fast Neutron Detection and Imaging
Authors: He Song , Wan Pengying , Li Hanchen , Bao Zizhen , Sui Xinjie , Zheng Guangya , Yin Hang , Pang Jincong , Jin Tong , Yuan Shunsheng , Xu Ling , Ouyang Xiaoping , Zheng Zhiping , Liu Linyue , Niu Guangda , Tang Jiang 
Published: February 2025

AbstractScintillators play a crucial role in the fields of radiation detection and imaging, but it is a formidable challenge to meet the demands for large size, high light yield, and fast response simultaneously. To tackle this challenge, this work interprets the key role of the polymer matrix in customizing the overall performance of the organic scintillator from the underlying logic. Owing to this, plastic scintillators Tetra(p‐bromophenyl)ethene@Poly(vinyltoluene) (TPE‐4Br@PVT), are successfully prepared using an amorphous conjugated polymer matrix PVT and an in situ polymerization process. This scintillator features an ultra‐large size (≈191 cm3), ultrafast decay time (1.66/5.26 ns), and decent light yield (14 443 photons·MeV−1). It not only achieves a high X‐ray imaging resolution of 13.9 lp·mm−1 (lp: line pairs) but also a record‐breaking fast neutron imaging resolution of 2.03 lp·mm−1, showcasing great potential in radiation detection and imaging applications.
Exciton Dynamics in 2D Transition Metal Dichalcogenides
Authors: Li Jingang , Yang Rundi , Li Runxuan , Grigoropoulos Costas P. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) have emerged as a promising class of materials for broad applications. The physical properties of TMDCs are dominated by strong excitonic effects, which critically determine the performance of photonic and optoelectronic devices. In this Review, the current state of research on exciton dynamics in TMDCs is summarized, discussed common optical characterization techniques, and analyzed factors that influence exciton behaviors, such as thickness, dielectric environment, strain, and heterostructure configuration. Throughout this work, the challenges and opportunities for future research in this rapidly evolving field are also highlighted.
Polymer‐grade ethylene production via VPSA simulation with a scalable and shaped ultra‐microporous adsorbent
Authors: Liu Yechen , Yu Cong , Lu Kun , Wu Tangyin , You Rimin , Suo Xian , Yang Lifeng , Cui Xili , Xing Huabin 
Published: February 2025

AbstractEnergy‐efficient pressure swing adsorption (PSA), a technology boosted by extensive research on emerging adsorbents, is a potential alternative to ethylene purification. We investigated, for the first time, the scale‐up synthesis, shaping, and high‐pressure ethylene‐adsorption performance of an ultra‐microporous adsorbent, CPL‐1‐NH2, with an S‐type isotherm for ethylene. Based on the static adsorption data and kilogram‐scale breakthrough experiments on the shaped CPL‐1‐NH2, vacuum PSA (VPSA) simulation processes were designed to purify ethylene from a C2H4/C2H6 mixture. Critical variables were investigated and analyzed systematically to increase the purity and recovery of the ethylene product. After parameter optimization, high ethylene purity (99.91%), excellent ethylene recovery (74%), and productivity (1.8 mol kg−1 h−1) were achieved in the 80/20 (C2H4/C2H6, v/v) VPSA simulation. This study reveals that porous materials with flexible isotherms and rapid regeneration ability are desirable for PSA from an engineering perspective.
Classical density functional theory as a fast and accurate method for adsorption property prediction of porous materials
Authors: Dufour‐Décieux Vincent , Rehner Philipp , Schilling Johannes , Moubarak Elias , Gross Joachim , Bardow André 
Published: February 2025

AbstractPhysical adsorption is crucial in many industrial processes, prompting researchers to develop new materials for energy‐efficient processes. Porous adsorbents are particularly promising due to their design flexibility, and computational screening has accelerated the search for optimal materials. Recently, classical density functional theory (cDFT) has emerged as a faster screening alternative to state‐of‐the‐art computational methods. However, its predictions have not been extensively validated, especially for materials involving strong Coulombic interactions. This article validates cDFT by calculating adsorption properties for over 500 Metal‐Organic Frameworks with three adsorbates , , and comparing them to results from Grand Canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulations. For , accounting for Coulombic interactions is crucial for accurate predictions. Our findings show that cDFT closely replicates GCMC results while reducing computation time to a median of six minutes per material, making it a strong candidate for estimating adsorption properties in porous materials.
Pyruvate Kinase Function Correlates With Red Blood Cell Properties and Clinical Manifestations in Sickle Cell Disease
Authors: Traets M. J. M. , Bos J. F. , van der Veen S. , van Pelt L. , van Dijk M. J. , van Oirschot B. A. , de Wilde J. R. A. , Jans J. J. , van Solinge W. W. , Schols S. E. M. , Lauw M. N. , Cnossen M. H. , Nur E. , Biemond B. J. , Rijneveld A. W. , van Beers E. J. , van Wijk R. , Rab M. A. E. 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTPyruvate kinase (PK) is a key enzyme involved in the final step of glycolysis, essential to produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Relatively decreased red blood cell (RBC) PK activity (reflected by a lower PK/hexokinase [HK] ratio) and PK thermostability (PK activity after exposure to heat) were recently identified as pathophysiological features of sickle cell disease (SCD). In this study, we investigated whether impaired PK function is associated with sickle RBC properties and SCD‐related clinical manifestations. This study included 97 non‐transfused patients with SCD (88 HbSS, 9 HbS/β0 thalassemia). PK thermostability was correlated with RBC parameters such as reticulocyte count (r = −0.402, p < 0.0001) and hemoglobin F (r = 0.394, p < 0.0001), and indicators of impaired functional properties of sickle RBCs, such as the point of sickling (r = −0.417, p < 0.0001), oxygen affinity (r = 0.408, p < 0.001) and RBC adhesion to laminin (r = −0.322, p = 0.024). Additionally, a low PK/HK ratio correlated with decreased PK thermostability (r = 0.308, p = 0.002), decreased RBC deformability (r = 0.268, p = 0.009), and elevated 2,3‐diphosphoglycerate levels (r = −0.244, p = 0.016). Multivariate Poisson regression analysis demonstrated that reduced PK thermostability and PK/HK ratio were associated with a higher incidence of SCD‐related clinical complications. For every 10‐unit decrease in PK thermostability and 1‐unit decrease in PK/HK ratio, the incidence of SCD‐related clinical complications increased by 11% (p = 0.012) and 10% (p = 0.019), respectively. Altogether, these findings indicate that impaired PK function is related to compromised sickle RBC properties and SCD‐related clinical manifestations. This supports the relevance and underlines the potential of PK activation therapy.
Heterogeneous Fe‐N‐C Cocatalyst for Hydroquinone Oxidation Enables Aerobic Oxidation of Primary Alcohols to Aldehydes
Authors: Hoque Md Asmaul , Schweinzer Clara , Martinez Jesse J. , Tewes Friederike , Sacchetti Vittorio , Grützmacher Hansjörg , Stahl Shannon S 
Published: February 2025

Benzoquinone (BQ) is commonly used as a cocatalyst in multi‐component catalyst systems for aerobic oxidation of organic molecules. Such methods often proceed by a redox cascade in which a secondary catalyst supports aerobic oxidation of hydroquinone (HQ) to BQ. The present study shows that a commercially available non‐precious metal heterogeneous catalyst, PAJ‐Fe‐N‐C, is much more efficient than established homogeneous catalysts for aerobic oxidation of HQ to BQ, and this improved reactivity is crucial to support aerobic oxidation of primary alcohols to aldehydes with the homogeneous iridium catalyst, [Ir(trop2DAD]OTf (trop2DAD = N,N‐bis(5‐H‐dibenzo[a,d]cyclo­heptene‐5‐yl)‐1,4‐diazabuta‐1,3‐diene). The combination of this heterogeneous/homogeneous catalyst system operates with Ir catalyst loadings as low as 0.05 mol % and turnover frequencies ≥350 h–1.
A Polypyrrole/Carbon Nanotube Based Hydrogel Sensor With High Sensitivity for Strain Detection
Authors: Li Yan , Yang Yan , Gao Feng , Zhou Fan , Cheng Wei 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTConductive hydrogels hold significant promise in the fields of flexible electronics and smart sensing applications owing to their outstanding stretchability and electrical conductivity. In this study, a dual‐network hydrogel based on polyacrylamide (PAAM) and sodium alginate (SA) networks was constructed to fabricate highly sensitive strain sensors. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were incorporated into the hydrogel system, and polypyrrole (PPy) nanoparticles were synthesized using SA as a soft template. During preparing process, ultrasonic oscillation was employed to facilitate the uniform distribution of PPy in the hydrogel matrix, and then a CNTs–PPy conductive pathway was formed, thereby enhancing the conductivity and sensitivity of the hydrogel. The prepared PAAM–SA–CNTs–PPy hydrogel exhibits high electrical conductivity (4.84 S/m), superior mechanical properties (including a tensile strength of 683.5 kPa at 812%), high toughness, good self‐healing, and adhesion properties. The assembled strain sensors demonstrate high sensing capability, a wide measurement range (the gauge factor of 2.67 for 0%–400% strain and the gauge factor of 5.25 for 400%–800% strain), rapid response times (126 ms), and good stability. The developed hydrogel‐based conductive strain sensor has the potential to be excellent candidates as wearable sensing devices for monitoring human movements.