bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preservation of Ca2+ spark activity in MitoQ treated long term hypoxic newborn lambs
Authors: Abd-Allah Muhammad , Khalil Brandon , Juarez Rucha , Zhang Lubo , Puglisi Jose , Blood Arlin , Wilson Sean 
Published: May 2023

Before birth, the pulmonary vasculature is relatively constricted and has reduced blood flow. The vasculature dilates with birth, and blood flow and oxygenation increase. Pulmonary arterial dilation during birth is related to activation of large conductance potassium channels and Ca2+ spark events through activation of ryanodine receptors (RyR) on the sarcoplasmic reticulum. This coupled mechanism is driven by activation of L-type Ca2+ channels, which stimulate RyRs. Long-term maternal hypoxia increases oxidative stress in neonatal pulmonary arteries, which may arise from the mitochondria. There is also disruption of Ca2+ sparks and pulmonary hypertension in newborn lambs. Long-term MitoQ usage, an antioxidant that targets the mitochondria, can reduce oxidative stress levels and improve vascular function due to hypoxic stress. We hypothesize that hypoxia induced reactive oxygen species generated through disruption of mitochondrial function dysregulates Ca2+ spark activity, underlying functional problems due to long term hypoxic stress. This study aims to analyze and understand whether MitoQ treatment can recover Ca2+ spark activity. To address this hypothesis, pulmonary arterial myocytes of control (N=11 normoxic, 2 hypoxic) and MitoQ treated newborn sheep (N=2 normoxic, 5 hypoxic) were examined in the presence and absence of membrane depolarization with 30 mM potassium (30K). The intracellular Ca2+ was recorded in the myocytes of isolated pulmonary arteries that were loaded with Fluo-4 using line-scan techniques on a confocal microscope. Ca2+ spark activity was analyzed using automated customized software (Sparklab). In comparison to our previously published work, the basal spark activity was generally high in both normoxic and hypoxic groups, but the MitoQ normoxic group had lower activity. MitoQ treatment did not modify Ca2+ spark activity in any group. Use of the newly designed automated detection software may underlie differences as compared to our published work. The lack of an effect of MitoQ on spark activity parallels the ineffectiveness of acute antioxidant treatment in our other pilot studies on fetal pulmonary arteries. Overall, additional studies are required to resolve the discrepancies between our current and previous work. NIH R01HL155295 and R01HL149608, NSF Grant MRI-DBI 0923559 and the Loma Linda University School of Medicine This is the full abstract presented at the American Physiology Summit 2023 meeting and is only available in HTML format. There are no additional versions or additional content available for this abstract. Physiology was not involved in the peer review process.
Differences Between High and Low Self-Critics in Compassionate Facial Expression
Authors: Baránková Martina , Halamová Júlia , Strnádelová Bronislava , Kanovský Martin 
Published: May 2023

The goal of this study was to identify differences between high and low self-critical participants in relation to compassionate facial expressions. Our convenience sample consisted of 151 participants aged 18–59 years old (M = 25.17; SD = 7.81). The highest and the lowest scoring participants in self-criticism were selected for final analysis ( N = 35). Participants, at home alone, watched a short video stimulus eliciting compassion while their facial expressions were recorded using webcams. Out of the sample we selected the highest 10% and the lowest 10% of self-critical participants according to the Slovak norms of The Forms of Self-Criticizing/Attacking and Self-Reassuring Scale. Two certified Facial Action Coding System raters (FACS) coded the participants’ muscular activity according to facial action units. The FACS analysis revealed that action units 4 – brow lowerer, 7 – lids tight, 43 – eyes closed, 45 – blink, 55 – head tilt left, and 56 – head tilt right occurred significantly less often in high self-critical participants than in low self-critical participants, controlling for the difference between the baseline and compassionate moments in the video stimulus. Our research found that participants high in self-criticism were less facially expressive than those low in self-critical when watching compassionate video.
The effect of Chinese-specific environmentally responsible leadership on the adoption of green innovation strategy
Authors: Lee Shih-Chin , Huang Stanley Y. B. 
Published: May 2023

To examine how clean energy technology companies, achieve sustainable clean energy development, the present study proposes a new model that uses the upper echelons theory to describe how Chinese-specific environmentally responsible leadership (CERL) of chief executive officers (CEOs) influences a company's adoption of green innovation strategy (GIS) via the intermediary role of the environmental organizational citizenship behavior (EOCB) of top management teams (TMTs). The multilevel curve model is used to analyze a survey of 50 CEOs and 150 TMT members collected three times in 6 months, and the results of the analysis support all the hypotheses. The results have three important contributions to the energy and environment field. First, the present study is the first to propose CERL, and CERL can not only promote the development of environmental leadership in the Chinese environment but also achieve the goal of sustainable clean energy operations. Second, the present study employs a specific model to demonstrate how TMTs’ EOCB can transform companies’ strategic formulations into GIS through the CERL of CEOs. Finally, the present study addresses the cultural gap through CERL, so it makes a significant contribution to the energy and environment field from a cultural dimension.
Genomic analysis of 61 Chlamydia psittaci strains reveals extensive divergence associated with host preference
Authors: Sachse Konrad , Hölzer Martin , Vorimore Fabien , Barf Lisa-Marie , Sachse Carsten , Laroucau Karine , Marz Manja , Lamkiewicz Kevin 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Chlamydia (C.) psittaci, the causative agent of avian chlamydiosis and human psittacosis, is a genetically heterogeneous species. Its broad host range includes parrots and many other birds, but occasionally also humans (via zoonotic transmission), ruminants, horses, swine and rodents. To assess whether there are genetic markers associated with host tropism we comparatively analyzed whole-genome sequences of 61 C. psittaci strains, 47 of which carrying a 7.6-kbp plasmid.

Results
Following clean-up, reassembly and polishing of poorly assembled genomes from public databases, phylogenetic analyses using C. psittaci whole-genome sequence alignment revealed four major clades within this species. Clade 1 represents the most recent lineage comprising 40/61 strains and contains 9/10 of the psittacine strains, including type strain 6BC, and 10/13 of human isolates. Strains from different non-psittacine hosts clustered in Clades 2– 4. We found that clade membership correlates with typing schemes based on SNP types, ompA genotypes, multilocus sequence types as well as plasticity zone (PZ) structure and host preference. Genome analysis also revealed that i) sequence variation in the major outer membrane porin MOMP can result in 3D structural changes of immunogenic domains, ii) past host change of Clade 3 and 4 strains could be associated with loss of MAC/perforin in the PZ, rather than the large cytotoxin, iii) the distinct phylogeny of atypical strains (Clades 3 and 4) is also reflected in their repertoire of inclusion proteins (Inc family) and polymorphic membrane proteins (Pmps).

Conclusions
Our study identified a number of genomic features that can be correlated with the phylogeny and host preference of C. psittaci strains. Our data show that intra-species genomic divergence is associated with past host change and includes deletions in the plasticity zone, structural variations in immunogenic domains and distinct repertoires of virulence factors.
ssDNA is not superior to dsDNA as long HDR donors for CRISPR-mediated endogenous gene tagging in human diploid RPE1 and HCT116 cells
Authors: Mabuchi Akira , Hata Shoji , Genova Mariya , Tei Chiharu , Ito Kei K. , Hirota Masayasu , Komori Takuma , Fukuyama Masamitsu , Chinen Takumi , Toyoda Atsushi , Kitagawa Daiju 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Recent advances in CRISPR technology have enabled us to perform gene knock-in in various species and cell lines. CRISPR-mediated knock-in requires donor DNA which serves as a template for homology-directed repair (HDR). For knock-in of short sequences or base substitutions, ssDNA donors are frequently used among various other forms of HDR donors, such as linear dsDNA. However, partly due to the complexity of long ssDNA preparation, it remains unclear whether ssDNA is the optimal type of HDR donors for insertion of long transgenes such as fluorescent reporters in human cells.

Results
In this study, we established a nuclease-based simple method for the preparation of long ssDNA with high yield and purity, and comprehensively compared the performance of ssDNA and dsDNA donors with 90 bases of homology arms for endogenous gene tagging with long transgenes in human diploid RPE1 and HCT116 cells. Quantification using flow cytometry revealed lower efficiency of endogenous fluorescent tagging with ssDNA donors than with dsDNA. By analyzing knock-in outcomes using long-read amplicon sequencing and a classification framework, a variety of mis-integration events were detected regardless of the donor type. Importantly, the ratio of precise insertion was lower with ssDNA donors than with dsDNA. Moreover, in off-target integration analyses using donors without homology arms, ssDNA and dsDNA were comparably prone to non-homologous integration.

Conclusions
These results indicate that ssDNA is not superior to dsDNA as long HDR donors with relatively short homology arms for gene knock-in in human RPE1 and HCT116 cells.
Facilitators and barriers to collaboration between pre-hospital emergency and emergency department in traffic accidents: a qualitative study
Authors: Jamshidi Hasan , Jazani Reza Khani , Khani Jeihooni Ali , Alibabaei Ahmad , Alamdari Shahram , Kalyani Majid Najafi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundDeath caused by traffic accidents is one of the major problems of health systems in low- and middle-income countries. Rapid handover of the traffic accident victims and proper collaboration between the pre-hospital and emergency departments (EDs) play a critical role in improving the treatment process and decreasing the number of accidental deaths. Considering the importance of the collaboration between pre-hospital and emergency departments, this study was designed to investigate the facilitators and barriers of collaboration between pre-hospital and emergency departments in traffic accidents.MethodThis research is a qualitative study using content analysis. In order to collect data, semi-structured interviews were used. Seventeen subjects (including pre-hospital and emergency department personnel, emergency medicine specialists, and hospital managers) were selected through purposive sampling and were interviewed. After transcribing and reviewing interviews, data analysis was performed with the qualitative content analysis approach.ResultsThe participants consisted of 17 individuals (15 persons in pre-hospital and emergency departments with at least three years of work experience, one emergency medicine specialist and one hospital manager) who were selected by purposive sampling. The interviews were analyzed and three main categories and seven sub-categories were extracted. The main categories included “individual capabilities”, “development of mutual understanding”, and “infrastructures and processes”.DiscussionProper and practical planning and policymaking to strengthen facilitators and eliminate barriers to collaborate between pre-hospital and emergency departments are key points in promoting collaboration between these two important sectors of health system and reducing the traffic accident casualties in Iran.
“Echoes of a dark past” is a history of maternal childhood maltreatment a perinatal risk factor for pregnancy and postpartum trauma experiences? A longitudinal study
Authors: Mackle Tracey , Colodro-Conde Lucía , de Dassel Therese , Braun Anastasia , Pope Adele , Bennett Elizabeth , Kothari Alka , Bruxner George , Medland Sarah E. , Patterson Sue 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Although associations between maternal exposure to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and perinatal anxiety and depression are established, there is a paucity of information about the associations between ACEs and perinatal trauma and perinatal post-traumatic stress outcomes. For the purposes of this article, perinatal trauma is defined as a very frightening or distressing event that may result in psychological harm. The event must have been related to conception, pregnancy, birth, and up to 12 months postpartum.

Methods
Women recruited at an antenatal appointment (n = 262) were invited to complete online surveys at two-time points; mid-pregnancy and eight weeks after the estimated date of delivery. The ACE Q 10-item self-reporting tool and a perinatal trauma screen related to the current and/or a previous perinatal period were completed. If the perinatal trauma screen was positive at either time point in the study, women were invited to complete a questionnaire examining symptoms of perinatal post-traumatic stress disorder and, if consenting, a clinical interview where the Post-traumatic Symptoms Scale was administered.

Results
Sixty women (22.9%) reported four or more ACEs. These women were almost four times more likely to endorse perinatal trauma, when compared with those who either did not report ACEs (OR = 3.6, CI 95% 1.74 – 7.36, p < 0.001) or had less than four ACEs (OR = 3.9, CI 95% 2.037.55, p < 0.001). A 6–sevenfold increase in perinatal trauma was seen amongst women who reported having at least one ACE related to abuse (OR = 6.23, CI 95% 3.32–11.63, p < 0.001) or neglect (OR = 6.94, CI 95% 2.95–16.33, p < 0.001). The severity of perinatal-PTSD symptoms for those with perinatal trauma in pregnancy was significantly higher in those women exposed to at least one ACE related to abuse.

Conclusions
Awareness of maternal exposure to childhood adversity/maltreatment is critical to providing trauma-informed approaches in the perinatal setting. Our study suggests that routine screening for ACEs in pregnancy adds clinical value. This adds to previous research confirming the relationship between ACEs and mental health complexities and suggests that ACEs influence perinatal mental health outcomes.
Refractive surprise of irregular astigmatism following cataract surgery in two patients with neglected subclinical corneal ectasia: two case reports
Authors: Chen Leran , Chen Xiaoyong , Li Fanshu , Liu Ziyuan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Corneal ectatic diseases are a group of corneal disorder characterized by the steepening and thinning of the cornea. Older people are not a high-risk population for corneal ectatic diseases; due to the lack of typical preoperative topographic manifestations, there is a high possibility that corneal ectasia is undetected.

Case presentation
Two patients with subclinical corneal ectasia and senile cataracts presented with irregular astigmatism after steep-axis incision during cataract surgery. The two cases presented in this case report are rare because both patients experienced tremendous changes in astigmatism after cataract surgery.

Conclusion
This case report may shed some light on astigmatism-correcting steep-axis incisions in cataract surgeries.
Maternal distress and parenting during COVID-19: differential effects related to pre-pandemic distress?
Authors: Low Ann , Yu Yue , Sim Lit Wee , Bureau Jean Francois , Tan Ngiap Chuan , Chen Helen , Yang Yang , Cheon Bobby , Lee Kerry , Bakermans-Kranenburg Marian , Tsotsi Stella , Rifkin-Graboi Anne 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Distinguishing whether and how pre-existing characteristics impact maternal responses to adversity is difficult: Does prior well-being decrease the likelihood of encountering stressful experiences? Does it protect against adversity’s negative effects? We examine whether the interaction between relatively uniformly experienced adversity (due to COVID-19 experience) and individual variation in pre-existing (i.e., pre-pandemic onset) distress predicted mothers’ pandemic levels of distress and insensitive caregiving within a country reporting low COVID-19 death rates, and strict nationwide regulations.

Method
Fifty-one Singaporean mothers and their preschool-aged children provided data across two waves. Pre- pandemic onset maternal distress (i.e., psychological distress, anxiety, and parenting stress) was captured via self-reports and maternal sensitivity was coded from videos. Measures were repeated after the pandemic’s onset along with questionnaires concerning perceived COVID-19 adversity (e.g., COVID-19’s impact upon stress caring for children, housework, job demands, etc.) and pandemic-related objective experiences (e.g., income, COVID-19 diagnoses, etc.). Regression analyses (SPSS v28) considered pre-pandemic onset maternal distress, COVID-19 stress, and their interaction upon post-pandemic onset maternal distress. Models were re-run with appropriate covariates (e.g., objective experience) when significant findings were observed. To rule out alternative models, follow up analyses (PROCESS Model) considered whether COVID-19 stress mediated pre- and post-pandemic onset associations. Models involving maternal sensitivity followed a similar data analytic plan.

Results
Pre-pandemic maternal distress moderated the association between COVID-19 perceived stress and pandemic levels of maternal distress (β = 0.22, p < 0.01) but not pandemic assessed maternal sensitivity. Perceived COVID-19 stress significantly contributed to post-pandemic onset maternal distress for mothers with pre-pandemic onset distress scores above (β = 0.30, p = 0.05), but not below (β = 0.25, p = 0.24), the median. Objective COVID-19 adversity did not account for findings. Post-hoc analyses did not suggest mediation via COVID-19 stress from pre-pandemic to pandemic maternal distress.

Conclusions
Pre-existing risk may interact with subsequent perceptions of adversity to impact well-being. In combination with existing research, this small study suggests prevention programs should focus upon managing concurrent mental health and may highlight the importance of enhanced screening and proactive coping programs for people entering high stress fields and/or phases of life.
Sleep disturbance and anxiety symptoms among asymptomatic COVID-19 carriers in Shanghai, China: the mediating role of entrapment and defeat
Authors: Liu Yujie , Ge Xin , Zhang Jinxin , Xu Lulu , Hu Fan , Wang Suping , Liu Jialin , Yang Xiaodong , Shi Dake , Cai Yong 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
The COVID-19 pandemic increases the risk of psychological problems, especially for the infected population. Sleep disturbance and feelings of defeat and entrapment are well-documented risk factors of anxiety symptoms. Exploring the psychological mechanism of the development of anxiety symptoms is essential for effective prevention. This study aimed to examine the mediating effects of entrapment and defeat in the association between sleep disturbance and anxiety symptoms among asymptomatic COVID-19 carriers in Shanghai, China.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted from March to April, 2022. Participants were 1,283 asymptomatic COVID-19 carriers enrolled from the Ruijin Jiahe Fangcang Shelter Hospital, Shanghai (59.6% male; mean age = 39.6 years). Questionnaire measures of sleep disturbance, entrapment, defeat, anxiety symptoms, and background characteristics were obtained. A mediation model was constructed to test the mediating effects of entrapment and defeat in the association between sleep disturbance and anxiety symptoms.

Results
The prevalence rates of sleep disturbance and anxiety symptoms were 34.3% and 18.8%. Sleep disturbance was positively associated with anxiety symptoms (OR [95%CI] = 5.013 [3.721–6.753]). The relationship between sleep disturbance and anxiety symptoms (total effect: Std. Estimate = 0.509) was partially mediated by entrapment (indirect effect: Std. Estimate = 0.129) and defeat (indirect effect: Std. Estimate = 0.126). The mediating effect of entrapment and defeat accounted for 50.3% of the association between sleep disturbance and anxiety symptoms.

Conclusion
Sleep disturbance and anxiety symptoms were prevalent among asymptomatic COVID-19 carriers. Entrapment and defeat mediate the association between sleep disturbance and anxiety symptoms. More attention is needed to monitoring sleep conditions and feelings of defeat and entrapment to reduce the risk of anxiety.
Engaging transgender women in HIV research in South Africa
Authors: van der Merwe L. Leigh Ann , Cloete Allanise , Savva Helen , Skinner Donald , November Gita , Fisher Zsa-Zsa 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe Botshelo Ba Trans study was the first HIV bio-behavioral survey conducted with transgender women in South Africa. Engaging research with marginalized communities requires clear points of entry, reference points for understanding the internal culture, and establishing trust and understanding. The community-based participatory research approach guided the development and implementation of this study. We conducted a rapid qualitative and pre-surveillance formative assessment between August 2017 to January 2018 and a bio-behavioral survey between July 2018 and March 2019. At the start, a Steering Committee, comprising primarily of transgender women, was established and subsequently provided substantial input into the mixed methods study conducted in Buffalo City, Cape Town, and Johannesburg. Key to the study's success was building trust and establishing ownership of the survey by transgender women recognized as expert knowledge holders. Thus, a community-based participatory research-informed approach enhanced the validity of the data and ensured that we addressed relevant issues.