bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MOSAIC: A cohort study of human mpox virus disease
Authors: Pesonel Elise , Hoffmann Isabelle , Guiraud Laetitia , Bourner Josephine , Diallo Alpha , Dunning Jake , Horby Peter , Kali Sabrina , Laouénan Cédric , Mentré France , Merson Laura , Molino Diana , Palich Romain , Rojek Amanda , Tacconelli Evelina , Tardivon Coralie ,   MOSAIC study group, Yazdanpanah Yazdan , Calmy Alexandra , Lescure F-Xavier , Olliaro Piero 
Published: September 2023

Background: Human mpox is a viral disease caused by an Orthopoxvirus, human mpox virus (hMPXV), typically causing fever and a rash. Mpox has historically been endemic to parts of Central and West Africa, with small numbers of imported cases reported elsewhere, but starting May 2022 an unprecedented global outbreak caused by clade IIb hMPXV was reported outside traditionally endemic countries. This prompted the initiation of MOSAIC, a cohort study implemented in Europe and Asia that aims to describe clinical and virologic outcomes of PCR-confirmed hMPXV disease, including those who receive antiviral therapy. The study is ongoing. Methods: MOSAIC recruits participants of any age with laboratory-confirmed mpox disease who provide informed consent. Participants enrol in the cohort for a total of six months. Blood, lesion and throat samples are collected at several timepoints from the day of diagnosis or the first day of treatment (Day 1) until Day 28 for PCR detection of hMPXV. Clinical data are collected by clinicians and participants (via a self-completion questionnaire) for six months to characterize the signs and symptoms associated with the illness, as well as short- and more long-term outcomes. Discussion: The design and prompt implementation of clinical research response is key in addressing emerging outbreaks. MOSAIC began enrolment within two months of the start of the international mpox epidemic. While the number of cases is now low, the study remains open for inclusion. ICTRP registration: EU CT number: 2022-501132-42-00 (22/06/2022)
Implicit Incentives and Delegation in Teams
Authors: Upton Harvey 
Published: September 2023

We study an infinitely repeated game of team production, where agents must supply costly effort under moral hazard. The principal also has the option to delegate an additional production-relevant decision to a team member. We provide conditions under which delegation changes the scope of peer sanction and thus influences the implicit incentives generated by the agents’ repeated interaction. Delegation can then become strictly optimal, despite misaligned preferences and symmetric information regarding the efficient decision. We show that implicit incentives under delegation are strongest in diverse teams and use our results to discuss various aspects of organizational design, including self-organized teamwork. This paper was accepted by Suraj Srinivasan, accounting. Funding: This work was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [Project-ID 403041268—TRR 266 Accounting for Transparency]. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.02212 .
Large-scale plasmonic nanodisk array as a biosensing platform fabricated by transfer nanoprinting
Authors: Zheng Yang , Li Lixia , Zong Xueyang , Geng Zhenduo , Li Wanlu , Liu Yufang 
Published: September 2023

Surface plasmon resonance based on nanostructures has been a powerful analytical tool in rapid detection and analysis of biomolecules. However, the fabrication of nanostructure sensors, such as electron beam lithography and focused ion beam milling, has inherent defects as manufacturing cost, complex process flow, and small fabrication area. In this paper, using the transfer nanoprinting approach based on an ultrathin anodic aluminum oxide membrane, a centimeter-scale ordered periodic Ag-ZnS bilayer nanodisk on Au film with a low cost and simple process is fabricated. A surface plasmon polariton Bloch mode from nanodisk arrays is experimentally demonstrated at normal incident of light. The plasmonic platform exhibits an ideal refractive index bulk sensitivity of up to 438 nm/RIU. Furthermore, by using a polyelectrolyte bilayer with well-defined thickness, the surface sensitivity of the biosensing platform is also investigated. The large-scale plasmonic bilayer nanoparticle biosensing platform has broad application prospects in development of low-cost and high-performance biosensing chips.
Location deviation correction method based on cross-correlation spectrum in OFDR
Authors: Zhang Hongwei , Xia Yihua , Zhang Zijing , Zhang Yixin , Zhang Xuping , Wang Feng 
Published: September 2023

A location deviation compensation algorithm based on cross-correlation spectrum is proposed for optical frequency domain reflection (OFDR) measurement. The strain and the imperfect repeatability of the laser source may cause a location deviation of the OFDR measurement system, resulting in a demodulation error. This paper proposes to use the peak-to-average ratio (PAR) to measure the quality of the correlation results and achieve compensation, which achieves efficient compensation for location deviation. Compared to other compensation methods, this algorithm can deal with the complex location deviation with better demodulation accuracy and stability. Through a strain measurement experiment, we demonstrate that the demodulation error caused by location deviation is largely eliminated. As a result, the spatial resolution of the system is improved from 8 cm to 2 cm, and the maximum measurement range is expanded to 5000µε.
Solid-state optical scanning device using a beam combiner and switch array
Authors: Inoue Daisuke , Ichikawa Tadashi , Shimogaki Tetsuya , Matsubara Hiroyuki , Kawasaki Akari , Yamashita Tatsuya 
Published: September 2023

Imaging optics cannot focus light beams emitted from different points onto one point with a lens. Therefore, fabricating a 3D image sensor with a focal plane array is challenging. We developed an imaging optics device with an intentionally shifted focal plane switch array comprising pixels with two optical antennas, a switch, and a receiver on a chip. We successfully illuminated a single point, received the reflected light with the same pixel, and scanned an illuminating target. The proposed system can serve as a 3D image sensor, with a detection range of 204 m for Lambertian reflectors with 94% reflectivity, and as a beam combiner for high-power lasers.
Saudi women’s leadership experiences in the healthcare sector: A qualitative study
Authors: Al Mutair Abbas , Al-Ghuraibi Muna , Alabbasi Yasmine , Alguthaib Fatimah , Woodman Alexander , Elgamri Alya 
Published: September 2023

Background
Gender equality in the workforce and the promotion of woman leadership is critical to economic growth and the sustainable development of society and the global community. However, gender diversity in leadership positions is a concern as women continue to be underrepresented. Ensuring equal opportunities in leadership positions in the health sector can help advance the achievement of the sustainable development goals (SDGs).

Purpose
The aim of this study was to explore Saudi women’s perspectives and leadership experiences at senior-level positions in the healthcare sector.

Methods
A descriptive qualitative approach was adopted to address the study aim. This included nine semi-structured interviews with Saudi women who have held leadership positions in the health sector over the past ten years. Reflexive thematic analysis was conducted by adopting the six phases.

Results
The results showed that internal factors, such as qualifications, experience, and the innate qualities of a winner, are the most important factors that contribute to women’s leadership. Women’s role expectations, gender norms, and the patriarchal nature of the community have a negative impact on women’s leadership. One of the new findings of this study was negative attitudes and lack of support from female colleagues.

Conclusion
Women leaders in health care in Saudi Arabia share similarities and differences with women leaders around the world. However, the Saudi community has its own social norms and gender roles that cannot be denied. While Vision 2030 brought a number of positive changes in women’s empowerment that participants spoke of, more research is needed to explore men’s perceptions, which can complete the picture and lead to organizational improvement and changes.
Identification of M2-like macrophage-related signature for predicting the prognosis, ecosystem and immunotherapy response in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Feng Qian , Lu Hongcheng , Wu Linquan 
Published: September 2023

Background
Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most common malignancies worldwide, representing a big health-care challenge globally. M2-like macrophages are significantly correlated with tumor progression, metastasis and treatment resistance.

Methods
Integrative 10 machine learning algorithms were performed to developed a M2-like macrophage related prognostic signature (MRPS). Single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis was performed to dissect the ecosystem of HCC. Several approaches, including TIDE score, immunophenoscore, TMB score and tumor escape score were used to evaluate the predictive role of MRPS in immunology response.

Results
The optimal MRPS constructed by the combination of stepCox + superPC algorithm served as an independent risk factor and showed stable and powerful performances in predicting the overall survival rate of HCC patients with 2-, 3-, and 4-year AUCs of 0. 763, 0.751, and 0.699 in TCGA cohort. HCC patients with low risk score possessed a more interaction of immunoactivated cells, including NK, CD8+ cytotoxic T, and activated B, and a less interaction of immunosuppressive cells, including Treg, CD4+ exhauster T, and M2-like macrophage. Low risk score indicated a higher PD1&CTLA4 immunophenoscore, higher TMB score, lower TIDE score and lower tumor escape score in HCC, suggesting a better immunotherapy response. The IC50 value of docetaxel, gemcitabine, crizotinib and Osimertinib in HCC with high risk score were lower versus that with low risk score. HCC patients with high risk score had a higher score of cancer-related hallmarks, including angiogenesis, DNA repair, EMT, glycolysis, and NOTCH signaling.

Conclusion
Our study proposed a novel MRPS for predicting the prognosis, ecosystem and immunotherapy response in HCC.
Hypotension and cognitive impairment among the elderly: Evidence from the CLHLS
Authors: Zhu Xidi , Luo Zhicheng , Tian Gang , Hu Zhao , Li Shaojie , Wang Qing Mei , Luo Xun , Chen Lizhang 
Published: September 2023

Background
While high blood pressure has been linked to cognitive impairment, the relationship between low blood pressure, especially hypotension, and cognitive impairment has not been well studied. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of hypotension and cognitive impairment in the seniors of China, and the association between hypotension and cognitive function impairment.

Methods
The data was derived from the 2018 wave of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS). Systolic blood pressures (SBP) and diastolic blood pressures (DBP) were measured by objective examination. The Chinese version of the Mini-Mental State Examination (CMMSE) was used to evaluate the cognitive impairment of the elderly. Generalized linear models were conducted to evaluate the association of hypotension with cognitive impairment.

Results
The prevalence of hypotension and cognitive impairment in the Chinese elderly were 0.76% and 22.06%, respectively. Participants with hypotension, lower SBP, and lower DBP, had odds ratios of 1.62, 1.38, and 1.48 for cognitive impairment, respectively. Besides, the CMMSE scores decreased by 2.08, 0.86, and 1.08 in the elderly with hypotension, lower SBP, and DBP, compared with those with non-hypotension, higher SBP, and DBP, respectively. Subgroup analyses showed that the association of cognitive impairment with hypotension was stronger in Chinese elderly who had decreased activity of daily living. Moreover, there was statistical evidence of a nonlinear dose-response relationship of SBP and DBP with cognitive impairment (Pnonlinear < 0.05).

Conclusion
Hypotension was a potential risk factor for cognitive impairment of the Chinese elderly, especially for those having decreased activity of daily living. Blood pressure management should be conducted to prevent them from cognitive impairment.
Investigative didactic sequence for the teaching of electrochemistry addressing the disposal of batteries
Authors: Cordeiro Cavalcante de Oliveira Marcela , Rufino de Freitas Filho João , Rodrigues de Souza Sandra , Mendes da Silva Ivoneide , Luís Silva de Araújo Arthur , Silva de Freitas Katia Cristina 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Electrochemistry is an essential context for understanding current energetic technological processes, especially those that use batteries. On the other hand, it is one of the most neglected subjects in the classroom for reasons of associated complexity. Because of this, we have sought new methodological strategies to overcome the difficulties encountered in teaching practice. Thus, this research aims to investigate the possible contributions of a didactic sequence on the disposal of batteries from the teaching by research for the learning of electrochemistry. A qualitative methodology, a case study, applied in a high school class was adopted. The sequence consisted of six methodological steps: implementation of the problem situation; developed hypotheses; a class on electrochemistry; investigative experiment on the decomposition of batteries in aqueous solutions; systematization and communication of results. The results showed that before the application of the didactic sequence, most of the students did not know the dangers that improper disposal of batteries causes to the environment and did not understand how galvanic cells generate electrical energy from a redox reaction. After the sequence was developed, most students were able to identify and conceptualize the main electrochemical terms studied from a critical thought about this problem.
Routine blood test markers for predicting liver disease post HBV infection: precision pathology and pattern recognition
Authors: Ajuwon Busayo I. , Roper Katrina , Richardson Alice , Lidbury Brett A. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
Early stages of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection usually involve inflammation of the liver. Patients with chronic infection have an increased risk of progressive liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and life-threatening clinical complications of end-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Content
Early diagnosis of hepatic fibrosis and timely clinical management are critical to controlling disease progression and decreasing the burden of end-stage liver cancer. Fibrosis staging, through its current gold standard, liver biopsy, improves patient outcomes, but the clinical procedure is invasive with unpleasant post-procedural complications. Routine blood test markers offer promising diagnostic potential for early detection of liver disease without biopsy. There is a plethora of candidate routine blood test markers that have gone through phases of biomarker validation and have shown great promise, but their current limitations include a predictive ability that is limited to only a few stages of fibrosis. However, the advent of machine learning, notably pattern recognition, presents an opportunity to refine blood-based non-invasive models of hepatic fibrosis in the future.

Summary
In this review, we highlight the current landscape of routine blood-based non-invasive models of hepatic fibrosis, and appraise the potential application of machine learning (pattern recognition) algorithms to refining these models and optimising clinical predictions of HBV-associated liver disease.

Outlook
Machine learning via pattern recognition algorithms takes data analytics to a new realm, and offers the opportunity for enhanced multi-marker fibrosis stage prediction using pathology profile that leverages information across patient routine blood tests.
Designing of the Health Information Model in Iranian Public Libraries
Authors: Joulahi Laleh , Hashemi-Madani Nahid , Sedighi Zeinab , Emami Zahra 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This study aims to provide a health information model for public access to reliable and up-to-date information resources at public libraries. The study was based on a Sequential-Exploratory Mixed Methods Design and combination of qualitative and quantitative methods. Quantitative method was applied for 12 library managers in the health domain as well as officials of the institution of public libraries for whom in-depth and semi-structured interviews were applied. The third group (475 managers of the Iranian public libraries) participated in the quantitative survey. Quantitative results indicated the libraries’ space needs to be extended and the librarians require training courses about health information. Qualitative results, after coding, lead to extraction of ground theory. From the library managers’ point of view, for implementation of this model, a coherent planning and structured memorandum of understanding between public libraries and ministry of health is required. Finally, using the quantitative and qualitative results, the model of health information through public libraries in Iran has been extracted and presented. The present model includes three parts: management actions, strengthen resources, and education. It could be concluded that paying attention on information resources, especially in the field of health information, will lead to an increase in the level of awareness in the society, and consequently health status and quality of life of the people will improve. Thus, considering the variations in the referred people to the libraries, presentation of a health model in the field of health information in public libraries could be promising.
Highly efficient uptake of TcO4
−/ReO4
− by functionalized PAFs
Authors: Zhi Xupeng , Chen Xinlong , Shen Yinglin , Li Xiaomin , Yang Suliang , Zhang Shengdong 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Selective removal of 99TcO4
− from complex radioactive wastewater is a challenging but meaningful task since it is important for both spent fuel reprocessing and 99TcO4
− leakage handling. Here, we synthesized a series of functionalized PAF-1 framework materials, PAF-1-C-N2, PAF-1-N2-C4, PAF-1-IM and PAF-1-PY, by grafting quaternary ammonium, imidazolium and pyridinium onto the PAF framework as active sites, respectively, which purpose is to screen functional groups with high affinity for TcO4
−. The structures and morphological characteristics of the four adsorbents were characterized by N2 adsorption-desorption, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and scanning electron microscope (SEM). These materials exhibit high selectivity for TcO4
−/ReO4
−, rapid adsorption kinetics (reaching equilibrium within 30 s), and a wide pH range (pH 3–11) for ReO4
−/TcO4
−adsorption. Among them, PAF-1-IM had the best adsorption performance, and the partition coefficient K

d
reached 1.27 × 106 mL/g. 97.1 % and 96.9 % of ReO4
− could be removed by PAF-1-IM even when the concentrations of PO4
3− and SO4
2− are 1000 times the concentration of ReO4
−, respectively. When the solid-liquid ratio is 10 g/L, 93.7 % of TcO4
− can be removed from the simulated Low Active Wastewater (LAW), which is higher than most other TcO4
− adsorbents. X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and FT-IR suggest the adsorption process was anion exchange.
Tonic Activation of NR2D-Containing NMDARs Exacerbates Dopaminergic Neuronal Loss in MPTP-Injected Parkinsonian Mice
Authors: Sharma Ramesh , Neupane Chiranjivi , Pham Thuy Linh , Lee Miae , Lee Sanghoon , Lee So Yeong , Nam Min-Ho , Kim Cuk-Seong , Park Jin Bong 
Published: September 2023

NR2D subunit-containing NMDA receptors (NMDARs) gradually disappear during brain maturation but can be recruited by pathophysiological stimuli in the adult brain. Here, we report that 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) intoxication recruited NR2D subunit-containing NMDARs that generated an Mg2+-resistant tonic NMDA current (INMDA) in dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the midbrain of mature male mice. MPTP selectively generated an Mg2+-resistant tonic INMDAin DA neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) and ventral tegmental area (VTA). Consistently, MPTP increased NR2D but not NR2B expression in the midbrain regions. Pharmacological or genetic NR2D interventions abolished the generation of Mg2+-resistant tonic INMDAin SNpc DA neurons, and thus attenuated subsequent DA neuronal loss and gait deficits in MPTP-treated mice. These results show that extrasynaptic NR2D recruitment generates Mg2+-resistant tonic INMDAand exacerbates DA neuronal loss, thus contributing to MPTP-induced Parkinsonism. The state-dependent NR2D recruitment could be a novel therapeutic target for mitigating cell type-specific neuronal death in neurodegenerative diseases.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTNR2D subunit-containing NMDA receptors (NMDARs) are widely expressed in the brain during late embryonic and early postnatal development, and then downregulated during brain maturation and preserved at low levels in a few regions of the adult brain. Certain stimuli can recruit NR2D subunits to generate tonic persistent NMDAR currents in nondepolarized neurons in the mature brain. Our results show that MPTP intoxication recruits NR2D subunits in midbrain dopaminergic (DA) neurons, which leads to tonic NMDAR current-promoting dopaminergic neuronal death and consequent abnormal gait behavior in the MPTP mouse model of Parkinson's disease (PD). This is the first study to indicate that extrasynaptic NR2D recruitment could be a target for preventing neuronal death in neurodegenerative diseases.
Inpatient Screening of Parental Adversity and Strengths
Authors: Shah Anita N. , Goodman Emily , Lawler Julianne , Bosse Dianna , Rubeiz Christine , Beck Andrew F. , Parsons Allison 
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Social adversities, including health-harming social risks and adverse childhood experiences, contribute to poor outcomes after hospital discharge. Screening for social adversities is increasingly pursued in outpatient settings. Identifying and addressing such adversities has been linked to improved child outcomes. Screening for social adversities and strengths in the inpatient setting may contribute to better transitions from hospital to home. Our goal was twofold: 1. to use qualitative methods to understand parent perspectives around screening tools for potential use in inpatient settings; and 2. to develop a family-friendly inpatient screening tool for social adversity.

METHODS
We used in-depth, cognitive qualitative interviews with parents to elicit their views on existing screening tools covering social adversities and strengths. We partnered with a local nonprofit to recruit parents who recently had a child hospitalized or visited the emergency department. There were 2 phases of the study. In the first phase, we used qualitative methods to develop a screening prototype. In the second phase, we obtained feedback on the prototype.

RESULTS
We interviewed 18 parents who identified 3 major themes around screening: 1. factors that promote parents to respond openly and honestly during screening; 2. feedback about screening tools and the prototype; and 3. screening should include resources.

CONCLUSIONS
Social adversity routinely affects children; hospitalization is an important time to screen families for adversity and potential coexisting strengths. Using qualitative parent feedback, we developed the family friendly Collaborate to Optimize Parent Experience screening tool.