bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Data-driven prediction of colonization outcomes for complex microbial communities
Authors: Wu Lu , Wang Xu-Wen , Tao Zining , Wang Tong , Zuo Wenlong , Zeng Yu , Liu Yang-Yu , Dai Lei 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Complex microbial interactions can lead to different colonization outcomes of exogenous species, be they pathogenic or beneficial in nature. Predicting the colonization of exogenous species in complex communities remains a fundamental challenge in microbial ecology, mainly due to our limited knowledge of the diverse physical, biochemical, and ecological processes governing microbial dynamics. Here, we proposed a data-driven approach independent of any dynamics model to predict colonization outcomes of exogenous species from the baseline compositions of microbial communities. We systematically validated this approach using synthetic data, finding that machine learning models (including Random Forest and neural ODE) can predict not only the binary colonization outcome but also the post-invasion steady-state abundance of the invading species. Then we conducted colonization experiments for two commensal gut bacteria species Enterococcus faecium and Akkermansia muciniphila in hundreds of human stool-derived in vitro microbial communities, confirming that the data-driven approach can successfully predict the colonization outcomes. Furthermore, we found that while most resident species were predicted to have a weak negative impact on the colonization of exogenous species, strongly interacting species could significantly alter the colonization outcomes, e.g., the presence of Enterococcus faecalis inhibits the invasion of E. faecium. The presented results suggest that the data-driven approach is a powerful tool to inform the ecology and management of complex microbial communities.
Global Air Pollution Potential: long term (1980-2019) trends and application to sustainable development
Authors: Kannemadugu Hareef baba shaeb , Dorligjav Sandelger , Taori Alok , Bothale Rajashree Vinod , Chauhan Prakash 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Air pollution potential is a measure of the inability of the atmosphere to disperse pollutants away from the source. It depends on Planetary Boundary Layer Height (PBLH) and wind speed. Global air pollution potential Index (APPI) maps have been generated for the first time using 40 years (1980–2019) of PBLH and wind speed data available from ERA5 reanalysis data. These are useful for identifying ventilation corridors and for sustainable development. The seasonal climatology of APPI is also analyzed. Long-term trends in Ventilation coefficient (VC), PBLH, Wind speed, PM2.5, and Aerosol Optical Thickness (AOT) were analyzed globally and in over 30 cities to understand their future impact on climate change scenarios. High APPI is observed in the south Asian Regions, giving rise to PM2.5 and AOT hot spots, and are naturally disadvantageous. Long-term trends in VC and associated trends in PBLH and Wind speed suggest that the PBLH is decreasing at the rate of 1–3 m per year over south Asia, and wind speed is decreasing at the rate of 0.01–0.02 m·s− 1per year, resulting in the decrease of VC of about 1–25 m2·s− 1per year. If this trend continues, South Asia will have more air pollution potential in the coming years putting health risks to 1.8 billion people. The surface PM2.5 and AOT is increasing at 0.5–1.5 µg·m− 3 per year and 0.005–0.01 per year for south Asia cities. Sustainable development goals and climate policies/negotiations should consider global air pollution potential as an essential variable in planning and mitigation.
Controlling the Photon Number Coherence of Solid-state Quantum Light Sources for Quantum Cryptography
Authors: Karli Yusuf , Vajner Daniel , Kappe Florian , Hagen Paul C. A. , Hansen Lena M. , Schwarz René , Bracht Thomas K. , Schimpf Christian , Silva Saimon Covre Da , Walther Philip , Rastelli Armando , Axt Vollrath , Loredo Juan , Remesh Vikas , Heindel Tobias , Reiter Doris , Weihs Gregor 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Quantum communication networks rely on quantum cryptographic protocols including quantum key distribution (QKD) using single photons. A critical element regarding the security of QKD protocols is the photon number coherence (PNC), i.e. the phase relation between the zero and one-photon Fock state, which critically depends on the excitation scheme. Thus, to obtain flying qubits with the desired properties, optimal pumping schemes for quantum emitters need to be selected. Semiconductor quantum dots generate on-demand single photons with high purity and indistinguishability. Exploiting two-photon excitation of a quantum dot combined with a stimulation pulse, we demonstrate the generation of high-quality single photons with a controllable degree of PNC. Our approach provides a viable route toward secure communication in quantum networks.
Has ICD-10 improved identification of rapidly progressing stage 3 and stage 4 chronic kidney disease patients: A diagnostic test study
Authors: Jalal Kabir , Charest Andre , Chang Shirley , Quigg Richard , Wu Xiaoyan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background: The International Classification of Diseases (ICD) coding system is the industry standard tool for billing, disease classification, and epidemiology purposes. Prior research has demonstrated ICD codes to have poor clinical and diagnostic accuracy, particularly in relation to chronic kidney disease (CKD). In 2016, the ICD system moved from revision 9 to revision 10. This study examines the accuracy of ICD-10 CKD-staging codes in diagnosing clinically identified CKD patients in a large insurer database.
Patients and methods: Serial observations of outpatient serum creatinine measurements collected from 2016 through 2021 of 315,903 patients were transformed to estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) to identify CKD stage-3 and advanced patients diagnosed clinically (eGFR-CKD). CKD-staging codes from the same time period of 59,386 patients and used to identify stage-3 and advanced patients diagnosed by ICD-code (ICD-CKD). eGFR-CKD and ICD-CKD diagnostic accuracy was compared between a total of 334,610 patients.
Results: 34,858 patients were diagnosed as eGFR-CKD stage-3 patients, of which 17,549 were also diagnosed as ICD-CKD stage-3 patients, for a sensitivity of 50.34%, specificity of 95.88%, positive predictive value (PPV) of 58.71%, and negative predictive value (NPV) of 94.32%. 4,069 patients reached eGFR-CKD stage-4 with 2,750 ICD-CKD stage-4 patients, giving a sensitivity of 67.58%, specificity of 98.87%, PPV of 42.43%, and NPV of 99.60%. 959 patients reached eGFR-CKD stage-5 with 566 ICD-CKD stage-5 patients, giving a sensitivity of 59.02%, specificity of 99.7%, PPV of 35.85%, and NPV of 99.88%.
Conclusion: This research shows that the recent ICD coding revision has offered some improvement in diagnostic accuracy, with marked increases in sensitivity for stage-3 (50.34% vs. 24.68%), and PPV in stage-3 (58.71% vs. 40.08%), stage-4 (42.43% vs. 18.52%), and stage-5 (35.85% vs. 4.51%). However, sensitivity in stage-5 compares poorly (59.02% vs. 91.05%).
Keywords: progression, CKD, ICD, sensitivity, specificity
High Temperature Resistance Pre-Oxidized Polyacrylonitrile Nanofiber Membrane for Air Filtration
Authors: Bin Yu , Xian-hua Zhang , Lina Chen , Wenying Shi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
To obtain low cost, high efficiency and thermal stable fiber filter, pre-oxidized PAN (OPAN) nanofiber membrane was prepared based on PAN nanofiber membrane through thermal stabilization treatment. The morphology, air permeability, Fourier transform infrared spectrum, thermogravimetric and filtration performance of the nanofiber membrane were characterized. The results showed that reactions such as dehydrogenation, cyclization and pyrolysis occurred during the thermal stabilization of PAN, which reduced the average diameter of the nanofiber, the thickness and air permeability of the nanofiber membrane. In the same time, a trapezoidal molecular structure with excellent heat resistance was formed, which made OPAN fiber having the property of high temperature resistant. When the mass loss of the OPAN nanofiber was 5%, the corresponding temperature was as high as 398 oC. In addition, the OPAN nanofiber filter had an excellent filtration performance. For the particles with a median particle size of 0.26 µm, the filtration efficiency was up to 89.2% and the filtration resistance was only 87.4 Pa.
Impact of Delayed Cooling and Precooling Parameters on Physical Properties of Potatoes: A Storage Study
Authors: Palle Aphiya Amulya , SRIVAS PREM PRAKASH 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Field Heat is one of the significant factors contributing to post-harvest losses of various agricultural produce. Precooling is necessary to counter the field heat, maintain the quality and increase the shelf life of the farm produce. Potato was chosen as it is one of the most essential staple products worldwide and can be consumed in various forms. This study was conducted to determine the impact of field heat and precooling parameters on potatoes' quality and shelf life. The study constitutes two components. The first component aims to understand the implications of field heat on the quality of the produce by gradually increasing the time delay between harvest and precooling from 0h to 64h. As the time of exposure to field heat increased, the quality of potatoes seemed to decrease gradually. The second component was conducted to understand the effect of precooling variables (Temperature & Relative Humidity) on the quality of produce by varying temperature between 6°C to 10°C and relative humidity between 87–95%. A comparison was made between precooled and not precooled potatoes to understand the effect of precooling on the overall quality of the potatoes. The residual values obtained from comparison revealed that the precooled samples had significantly less variation from fresh samples than those that were not precooled.
SCHISTOACT: A protocol for an open-label, five-arm, non-inferiority, individually randomized controlled trial of the efficacy and safety of Praziquantel plus Artemisinin-based combinations in the treatment of Schistosoma mansoni infection
Authors: Obonyo Charles Owuora , Were Vincent O , Wamae Peter , Muok Erick M.O. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background:
Schistosomiasis control relies on praziquantel for preventive chemotherapy. Alternative drugs are needed for the treatment and control of schistosomiasis. Praziquantel is effective against adult schistosome worms but ineffective against larval stages of the parasite and cannot prevent re-infection or interrupt the transmission of infection. Continued reliance on praziquantel for wide-scale schistosomiasis control will likely accelerate the emergence of drug resistance. Artemisinin derivatives are effective against the juvenile stages but ineffective against adult worms. The SCHISTOACT study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of praziquantel plus one of four artemisinin-based combinations in treating Schistosoma mansoni infection in Kenya.
Methods:
The SCHISTOACT study is an open-label, head-to-head, five-arm, non-inferiority, individually randomized controlled trial with a follow-up of 12 weeks. A total of 540 primary school-age children from the Mwea area, Kirinyaga County in central Kenya, diagnosed with S. mansoni infection (by Kato-Katz method) are randomly allocated (1:1:1:1:1) to a single dose of praziquantel plus a 3-day course of artesunate-sulfalene/pyrimethamine; or artesunate-amodiaquine; or artesunate plus mefloquine; or dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine, or praziquantel control arm. The primary endpoints are efficacy (cure rate, assessed by microscopy) and safety (adverse events) of each study arm 6 weeks after treatment. Secondary endpoints include cumulative cure rate, egg reduction rate, and re-infection 12 weeks after treatment. The non-inferiority margin is set at -10 for the risk difference in cure rates between praziquantel and the combined treatment.
Discussion:
This study assesses a strategy for repurposing artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) for treating schistosomiasis. It adopts a head-to-head comparison of four different ACTs to test a non-inferiority hypothesis to strengthen local capacity to conduct clinical trials for interventions against neglected tropical diseases.
Trial registration:
Pan-African Clinical Trials Registry: PACTR202001919442161. Retrospectively registered on 6 January 2020. https://pactr.samrc.ac.za/TrialDisplay.aspx?TrialID=9591
Ventilator-associated pneumonia in Polish Intensive Care Unit dedicated to COVID-19 patients
Authors: Wałaszek Marta , Serwacki Piotr , Cholewa Zbigniew , Kosiarska Alicja , Kwapniewska Wioletta Świątek – , Kołpa Małgorza , Rafa Elżbieta , Słowik Róża , Nowak Karolina , Różańska Anna , Wójkowska-Mach Jadwiga 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAI) are the most often related to patients treated in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) might have been the reason for hospitalization in the ICU for some patients.
Methods
The study was performed in 2020 and 2021 in the hospital in the south of Poland. Healthcare-Associated Infections Surveillance Network (HAI-Net) of the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) was applied for diagnosis of HAI. The aim of the study was to assess the epidemiology of HAI occurring in patients treated in the ICU with a division into COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 patients.
RESULTS
The study covered 416 patients hospitalised in the ICU: 125 (30%) of patients treated with COVID-19 vs 291 (70%) of non -COVID 19 patients, p < 0.05. The death rate was: 80 (64%) of patients treated with COVID-19 vs 45 (16%) of non -COVID 19 patients, p < 0.001. Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP) concerned 40 cases, the incidence rate density was 6.3/1000 patientdays (pds): 14.1/1000 pds z COVID-19 vs 3.6/1000 non-COVID-19, Odds Ratio (OR) = 2.297, p < 0.01. Acinetobacter baumannii was the most often isolated microorganism in VAP; 25 (incidence rate 8.5%): 16(18.2%) with COVID-19 vs 9 (4.4%) non-COVID-19, OR = 4.814 (1.084–4.806), p < 0.001.
CONCLUSIONS
In patients treated in the ICU due to COVID-19, the risk of VAP was twofold higher than in non-COVID-19 patients. In VAP infections the most often isolated was Acinetobacter baumannii.
Plant Species Composition and Floristic Features of the National Nature Reserve in Minqin Liangucheng, Gansu
Authors: Cuiewen Tang , Yuxia Zhang , Chuanhe Zheng , Yingying Wang , Yanbin Su , Xusheng Zhang 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
The fragile desert ecosystem of Minqin Lian Ancient City National Nature Reserve has protected some wild animal and plant resources to some extent, so the research value is very high, but there are few studies on the flora.
Results
Looking at the composition of genera and species within families, there are 23 families, 41 genera, and 65 species that are oligotypic (2–9 species) and monotypic (only 1 species), which are the main structures at the family level; there are 76 monotypic genera, which are the main components of the genus structure, accounting for 64.96% of the total genera and 32.32% of the total species; the reserve is divided into 5 types of plant life forms, with herbaceous plants being the major component, accounting for 63.13% of the total species; the reserve is dominated by xerophytic plants, which account for 57.07% of total species, and has the fewest hydrophytic plants, accounting for 9.09% of total species; the 30 families of seed plants in the reserve can be divided into 4 orthotypes and 4 variant types, with 18 families of cosmopolitan distribution, accounting for 60.00% of the total families; the genera of North Temperate type are the most, totaling 24 genera, accounting for 20.51% of the total genera, Mediterranean region and West Asia to Central Asia share 23 genera, accounting for 19.66% of the total genera, cosmopolitan distribution is 18 genera, accounting for 15.38% of the total, pan-tropical shared distribution is 12 genera, accounting for 10.26% of the total genera, and Central Asia and Eastern Central Asia distribution is 10 genera, accounting for 8.55% of the total genera.
Conclusion
To improve the relevant flora data of the reserve, to provide important basic data and scientific basis for the protection and management of Minqin Lian Ancient City Nature Reserve, and to provide a theoretical basis for the protection and restoration of the desert ecosystem in western China.
EMP3 as a prognostic biomarker correlates with EMT in GBM
Authors: Li Li , xia siyu , Zhao Zitong , Deng Lili , wang hanbing , yang dongbo , Hu Yizhou , Ji Jingjing , Huang Dayong , Xin Tao 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background: Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive malignant central nervous system tumor with a poor prognosis.The malignant transformation of glioma cells via epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been observed as a main obstacle for glioblastoma treatment.Epithelial membrane protein 3 (EMP3) is significantly associated with the malignancy of GBM and the prognosis of patients. Therefore, exploring the possible mechanisms by which EMP3promotes the proliferation of GBM has important implications for the treatment of GBM.
Methods: We performed enrichment and correlation analysis in 5 single-cell RNA sequencing datasets. Differential expression of EMP3 in gliomas, Kaplan-Meier survival curves, diagnostic accuracy and prognostic prediction were analyzed by bioinformatics in the China Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) database and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. EMP3-silenced U87 and U251 cell lines were obtained by transient transfection with siRNA. The effect of EMP3 on glioblastoma proliferation was examined using the CCK-8 assay. Transwell migration assay and wound healing assay were used to assess the effect of EMP3on glioblastoma migration. Finally, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction（qRT-PCR）was used to detect the mRNA expression levels of EMT-related transcription factors and mesenchymal markers.
Results: EMP3is a EMT associated gene in multiple types of malignant cancer and in high-grade glioblastoma. EMP3 is enriched in high-grade gliomas and isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) wild-type gliomas.EMP3 can be used as a specific biomarker for diagnosing glioma patients. It is also an independent prognostic factor for glioma patients' overall survival (OS). In addition, silencing EMP3 reduces the proliferation, migration and invasion of glioblastoma cells. Mechanistically, EMP3 enhances the malignant potential of tumor cells by promoting EMT.
Conclusion: EMP3promotes the growth and invasion of GBM cells, and the mechanism may be related to EMP3 promoting the EMT process in GBM; EMP3 may be an independent prognostic factor in GBM.
Dementia literacy among nursing students in China: A multi-site cross-sectional study
Authors: Xu Dingxin , He Jinjie , Han Lei , Luo Yan , Wang Jing , Guan Chengguo 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background China has the largest population of people living with dementia in the world. By 2050, the number in China is projected to increase to 35.98 million. Health professionals play a significant role in the continuum care of dementia and nursing students are the major group caring people living with dementia in the future. The study aimed to investigate the knowledge level of dementia of Chinese nursing students and to explore the related factors of knowledge about dementia. Findings from this study will provide evidence for the development of dementia education programs for nursing students. Methods This was a descriptive multi-site cross-sectional study. A total of 958 nursing students from 15 provinces in China participated in this study. The sample was investigated with demographic characteristics and dementia knowledge. The data of dementia knowledge were collected by using 11-item questionnaires with true or false responses. Factors correlated with dementia knowledge score were also explored. Results The mean score of Chinese nursing students’ dementia knowledge was 8.09 ± 1.44 points out of a total of 11 (73.5%). The dimension of the symptoms of dementia was scored the highest level. And nursing students scored the lowest scores on dementia treatment and care. The level of dementia knowledge was significantly associated with gender (P < 0.001), age (P = 0.03) and education (P < 0.01). For research higher degree nursing students, whether students need to publish journal articles could impact the score the dementia knowledge (P = 0.01). Conclusions The study explored the level of dementia knowledge of Chinese nursing students. Policy makers and educators should incorporate the education and clinical practice of dementia care into the curriculum of nursing students, which can improve their knowledge level of dementia.
Factors Predict the Stroke Specific Quality Of Life In Post Stroke Aphasia Patients in Pakistan
Authors: Omer Aadil , Shah Syed Tariq , Haroon Ramsha 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background: Stroke-specific quality of life (QoL) is an important outcome measure in stroke rehabilitation, reflecting the impact of stroke and its associated impairments on an individual's overall well-being and daily functioning. Understanding the factors that predict stroke specific QoL in post-stroke aphasia patients in Pakistan is crucial for developing targeted interventions and improving the rehabilitation process.
Objective: to determine the factors predicted the stroke specific quality of life in post stroke aphasia patients in Pakistan.
Methodology: This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted in 18 months from June 2021 to December 2022 at RHS Rehabilitation Centre Islamabad Pakistan. A total of n=134 independent participants with fluent and non-fluent aphasia at least six-month post stroke, and able to follow one step command were included in the study through non-probability convenient sampling technique. The stroke specific quality of life (SS-QoL) scale was used to assess the quality of life in the participants, while the list of predictors was developed from the literature. SPSS version 21 was used for statistical analysis.
Result: A multiple regression was run to predict the quality of life from marital status, gender, family status, patient's socioeconomic status, types of strokes, types of aphasia, and comorbidities. These variables statistically significantly predicted quality of life {F(13,120)=10.366, p<0.001}. All variables cause 47.8% (Adj. R2=0.478) variance in stroke specific quality of life in aphasia patients.
Conclusion: the male gender, married marital status, middle and upper socioeconomic status, ischemic stroke compared to hemorrhagic stroke, fluent aphasia, and the cardiac disease compared to other comorbidities positively affect the quality of life in post stroke aphasia patients. But age and the family system did not show any impact on the quality of life.