bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abundance of the bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) and proposal for a priority area of conservation in the Southern Gulf of Mexico marine ecoregion
Authors: Coronel‐Montigel Melisa , Serrano Arturo , Basañez‐Muñoz Agustín , Ceresa Ignacio , Alcántar Ayelén 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDemographic studies are crucial for assessment of the status of dolphin populations and their relationship with anthropogenic activities as a way to make effective management and conservation decisions. In the Gulf of Mexico, the interaction between bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) and anthropogenic activities merits special attention. The objective of this study was therefore to determine the annual abundance and area of preference of the coastal population ofT. truncatus(period 2005–2020), and to delimit a priority area for its conservation in the Southern Gulf of Mexico marine ecoregion.Abundance was calculated using the Jolly–Seber model and habitat preference was determined per climatic season (dry, rainy and cold northerly fronts) as a function of environmental variables. The association between anthropogenic activities and dolphin distribution was studied and the priority area delimited using potential distribution models.Off the coasts of Tuxpan and Tamiahua, the results show that the dolphin population numbered 306 individuals (95% CI: 162.97; 607.33) and has remained relatively constant over time.The pattern of dolphin distribution varied between seasons, possibly owing to changes in food availability. However, river mouths and lagoons are of importance toT. truncatusthroughout the year. On the other hand, fishing and maritime traffic can potentially affect this species.Finally, this study shows that the delimitation of sites of importance forT. truncatusis a strategic tool with which to help conserve the species and associated coastal ecosystems.
Synthesis and antimicrobial activity evaluation of pyrazole derivatives containing the imidazo[2,1‐b][1,3,4]thiadiazole moiety
Authors: Qi Jun‐Da , Meng Yu‐Qing , Sun Jingxin , Li Wan‐Xin , Zhai Hou‐Xiang , Zhang Changhao , Quan Jishan , Jin Cheng‐Hua 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFour series of novel pyrazole derivatives (compounds 17a–m, 18a–m, 19a–g, and 20a–g) were synthesized, and their antibacterial and antifungal activities were evaluated. Most of the target compounds (17a–m, 18k–m, and 19b–g) showed strong antifungal activity and high selectivity relative to both Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacteria. Among them, compounds 17l (minimum inhibitory concentration [MIC] = 0.25 µg/mL) and 17m (MIC = 0.25 µg/mL) showed the strongest antifungal activity, being 2‐ and 4‐fold more active than the positive controls gatifloxacin and fluconazole, respectively. In particular, compound 17l showed little cytotoxicity against human LO2 cells and did not exhibit hemolysis at ultrahigh concentrations, as did the positive control compounds gatifloxacin and fluconazole. These results indicate that these compounds are valuable for further development as antifungal agents.
The relationship between body donation and attitudes toward death and altruism in Changsha City in China
Authors: He Ying , Liu Qian , Wen Hong , Yuan Liming , Luo Chuhong , Yuan Rong , Xiao ZhiYong , Li Lun 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn recent years, China has been facing a shortage of cadavers for teaching medical students. A better comprehension of the attitudes and factors influencing the general public's opinion toward body donation would be invaluable for planning and implementing body donation programs. Although altruistic attitude and attitudes toward death have received considerable attention in recent years globally, they have been largely understudied in China. Herein, the potential relationship between attitudes toward altruism and death, and willingness toward whole‐body donation in a sample of university students in Changsha City in China were analyzed. A multi‐stage sampling method was adopted to recruit 478 Chinese college students from two universities: the Medical College of Hunan Normal University (n = 272) and the College of Civil engineering of Hunan University (n = 206). The study participants were assessed by a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Death Attitude Profile‐Revised (DAP‐R‐C) questionnaire, and the altruism scale. Moreover, Chinese University students demonstrated moderate willingness to donate their bodies. The mean score of the willingness of study participants to donate their bodies was 3.138 ± 0.933 (5‐point Likert scale). Acceptance toward death, gender, and type of university were positive factors, whereas fear of death negatively affected willingness toward body donation. Regression analysis showed that factors, including gender (β = 0.237), type of university (β = 0.193), natural acceptance (β = 0.177), and fear of death (β = −0.160) influenced willingness toward body donation. Overall, the present study provides hitherto undocumented evidence on factors influencing willingness toward body donation among Chinese university students, which can assist in designing public awareness programs for encouraging body donation.
What online review features really matter? An explainable deep learning approach for hotel demand forecasting
Authors: Zhang Dong , Wu Chong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAccurate demand forecasting plays a critical role in hotel revenue management. Online reviews have emerged as a viable information source for hotel demand forecasting. However, existing hotel demand forecasting studies leverage only sentiment information from online reviews, leading to capturing insufficient information. Furthermore, prevailing hotel demand forecasting methods either lack explainability or fail to capture local correlations within sequences. In this study, we (1) propose a comprehensive framework consisting of four components: expertise, sentiment, popularity, and novelty (ESPN framework), to investigate the impact of online reviews on hotel demand forecasting; (2) propose a novel dual attention‐based long short‐term memory convolutional neural network (DA‐LSTM‐CNN) model to optimize the model effectiveness. We collected online review data from Ctrip.com to evaluate our proposed ESPN framework and DA‐LSTM‐CNN model. The empirical results show that incorporating features derived from the ESPN improves forecasting accuracy and our DA‐LSTM‐CNN significantly outperforms the state‐of‐the‐art models. Further, we use a case study to illustrate the explainability of the DA‐LSTM‐CNN, which could guide future setups for hotel demand forecasting systems. We discuss how stakeholders can benefit from our proposed ESPN framework and DA‐LSTM‐CNN model.
Cochlear tonotopy from proteins to perception
Authors: Fettiplace Robert 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA ubiquitous feature of the auditory organ in amniotes is the longitudinal mapping of neuronal characteristic frequencies (CFs), which increase exponentially with distance along the organ. The exponential tonotopic map reflects variation in hair cell properties according to cochlear location and is thought to stem from concentration gradients in diffusible morphogenic proteins during embryonic development. While in all amniotes the spatial gradient is initiated by sonic hedgehog (SHH), released from the notochord and floorplate, subsequent molecular pathways are not fully understood. In chickens, BMP7 is one such morphogen, secreted from the distal end of the cochlea. In mammals, the developmental mechanism differs from birds and may depend on cochlear location. A consequence of exponential maps is that each octave occupies an equal distance on the cochlea, a spacing preserved in the tonotopic maps in higher auditory brain regions. This may facilitate frequency analysis and recognition of acoustic sequences.
The sorting platform in the type III secretion pathway: From assembly to function
Authors: Soto Jose Eduardo , Lara‐Tejero María 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe type III secretion system (T3SS) is a specialized nanomachine that enables bacteria to secrete proteins in a specific order and directly deliver a specific set of them, collectively known as effectors, into eukaryotic organisms. The core structure of the T3SS is a syringe‐like apparatus composed of multiple building blocks, including both membrane‐associated and soluble proteins. The cytosolic components organize together in a chamber‐like structure known as the sorting platform (SP), responsible for recruiting, sorting, and initiating the substrates destined to engage this secretion pathway. In this article, we provide an overview of recent findings on the SP's structure and function, with a particular focus on its assembly pathway. Furthermore, we discuss the molecular mechanisms behind the recruitment and hierarchical sorting of substrates by this cytosolic complex. Overall, the T3SS is a highly specialized and complex system that requires precise coordination to function properly. A deeper understanding of how the SP orchestrates T3S could enhance our comprehension of this complex nanomachine, which is central to the host‐pathogen interface, and could aid in the development of novel strategies to fight bacterial infections.
Enrollee characteristics and receipt of colorectal cancer testing in Pennsylvania after adoption of the Affordable Care Act Medicaid expansion
Authors: Eom Kirsten Y. , Rothenberger Scott D. , Jarlenski Marian P. , Schoen Robert E. , Cole Evan S. , Sabik Lindsay M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundColorectal cancer (CRC) is the fourth most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer‐related death in the U.S. Despite increased CRC screening rates, they remain low among low‐income non‐older adults, including Medicaid enrollees who are more likely to be diagnosed at advanced stages.ObjectivesGiven limited evidence regarding CRC screening service use among Medicaid enrollees, we examined multilevel factors associated with CRC testing among Medicaid enrollees in Pennsylvania after Medicaid expansion in 2015.Research DesignUsing the 2014–2019 Medicaid administrative data, we performed multivariable logistic regression models to assess factors associated with CRC testing, adjusting for enrollment length and primary care services use.SubjectsWe identified 15,439 adults aged 50–64 years newly enrolled through Medicaid expansion.MeasuresOutcome measures include receiving any CRC testing and by modality.ResultsAbout 32% of our study population received any CRC testing. Significant predictors for any CRC testing include being male, being Hispanic, having any chronic conditions, using primary care services ≤4 times annually, and having a higher county‐level median household income. Being 60–64 years at enrollment, using primary care services >4 times annually, and having higher county‐level unemployment rates were significantly associated with a decreased likelihood of receiving any CRC tests.ConclusionsCRC testing rates were low among adults newly enrolled in Medicaid under the Medicaid expansion in Pennsylvania relative to adults with high income. We observed different sets of significant factors associated with CRC testing by modality. Our findings underscore the urgency to tailor strategies by patients' racial, geographic, and clinical conditions for CRC screening.
Effects of a lymphedema prevention program based on the theory of knowledge–attitude–practice on postoperative breast cancer patients: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Shi Bohui , Lin Zihan , Shi Xiaowei , Guo Pingli , Wang Wen , Qi Xin , Zhou Can , Zhang Huifang , Liu Xiaona , Iv Aili 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundBreast cancer‐related lymphedema (BCRL) is one of the common postoperative complications that severely affects the functions of the arm and quality of life. Since lymphedema is difficult to treat and prone to recurrence, early prevention of lymphedema is crucial.MethodsPatient diagnosed with breast cancer (N = 108) were randomized to the intervention (n = 52) or control group (n = 56). In the intervention group, patients were provided the lymphedema prevention program based on the theory of knowledge–attitude–practice during the perioperative period and the first three chemotherapy sessions (mainly includes health education, seminars, knowledge manuals, sports guidance, peer education, and WeChat group).The limb volume, handgrip strength, arm function, and quality of life were measured in all patients at the baseline, 9 weeks (T1), and 18 weeks (T2) after surgery.ResultsThe incidence of lymphedema in the Intervention group was numerically lower than in the control group after implementing the lymphedema prevention program, but the difference was not statistically significant (T1: 1.9% vs. 3.8%, p = 1.000; T2: 3.6% vs. 7.1%, p = 0.744). However, compared with the control group, the intervention group showed there was less deterioration in handgrip strength (T1 [t = −2.512, p < 0.05] and T2 [t = −2.538, p < 0.05]), improved postoperative upper limb dysfunction (T1 [t = 3.087, p < 0.05] and T2 [t = 5.399, p < 0.05]) and less deterioration in quality of life (T1 [p < 0.05] and T2 [p < 0.05]).ConclusionAlthough the investigated lymphedema prevention program improved arm function and quality of life, it did not reduce the incidence of lymphedema in postoperative breast cancer patients.
Patient and public involvement in cancer research: A scoping review
Authors: Colomer‐Lahiguera Sara , Steimer Matthieu , Ellis Ursula , Eicher Manuela , Tompson Margaret , Corbière Tourane , Haase Kristen R. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroductionPatient and public involvement (PPI) in research emphasizes the importance of doing research with, rather than for people with lived health/illness experience(s). The purpose of this scoping review is to investigate the breadth and depth of scientific literature on PPI in cancer research and to identify how is PPI applied and reported in cancer research.MethodsWe searched MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, and PsycInfo up to March 2022. All titles/abstracts and full‐text results were screened by two reviewers. Data were analyzed and are presented in both narrative and tabular format.ResultsWe screened 22,009 titles/abstract, reviewed 375 full‐text articles, of which 101 studies were included in this review. 66 papers applied PPI; 35 used co‐design methodologies. PPI in cancer research in published research has increased steadily since 2015 and often includes those with a past diagnosis of cancer or relatives/informal caregivers. The most common applied methods were workshops or interviews. PPI was generally used at the level of consultation/advisor and occurred mainly in early stages of research. Costs related to PPI were mentioned in 25 papers and four papers described training provided for PPI.ConclusionsResults of our review demonstrate the nature and extent of PPI expansion in cancer research. Researchers and research organizations entering the fray of PPI should consider planning and reporting elements such as the stage, level, and role type of PPI, as well as methods and strategies put in place to assure diversity. Furthermore, a thorough evaluation of whether all these elements meet the stated PPI purpose will help to grasp its impact on research outcomes.Patient or Public ContributionTwo patients participated in the stakeholder consultation as part of the scoping review methodology, contributed to the discussion on refining the results, and critically reviewed the manuscript. Both are co‐authors of this manuscript.
Clinical analysis of EV‐Fingerprint to predict grade group 3 and above prostate cancer and avoid prostate biopsy
Authors: Fairey Adrian , Paproski Robert J. , Pink Desmond , Sosnowski Deborah L. , Vasquez Catalina , Donnelly Bryan , Hyndman Eric , Aprikian Armen , Kinnaird Adam , Beatty Perrin H. , Lewis John D. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundThere is an unmet clinical need for minimally invasive diagnostic tests to improve the detection of grade group (GG) ≥3 prostate cancer relative to prostate antigen‐specific risk calculators. We determined the accuracy of the blood‐based extracellular vesicle (EV) biomarker assay (EV Fingerprint test) at the point of a prostate biopsy decision to predict GG ≥3 from GG ≤2 and avoid unnecessary biopsies.MethodsThis study analyzed 415 men referred to urology clinics and scheduled for a prostate biopsy, were recruited to the APCaRI 01 prospective cohort study. The EV machine learning analysis platform was used to generate predictive EV models from microflow data. Logistic regression was then used to analyze the combined EV models and patient clinical data and generate the patients' risk score for GG ≥3 prostate cancer.ResultsThe EV‐Fingerprint test was evaluated using the area under the curve (AUC) in discrimination of GG ≥3 from GG ≤2 and benign disease on initial biopsy. EV‐Fingerprint identified GG ≥3 cancer patients with high accuracy (0.81 AUC) at 95% sensitivity and 97% negative predictive value. Using a 7.85% probability cutoff, 95% of men with GG ≥3 would have been recommended a biopsy while avoiding 144 unnecessary biopsies (35%) and missing four GG ≥3 cancers (5%). Conversely, a 5% cutoff would have avoided 31 unnecessary biopsies (7%), missing no GG ≥3 cancers (0%).ConclusionsEV‐Fingerprint accurately predicted GG ≥3 prostate cancer and would have significantly reduced unnecessary prostate biopsies.
Development and validation of a prognostic nomogram for gastrointestinal stromal tumors in the postimatinib era: A study based on the SEER database and a Chinese cohort
Authors: Wang Shu , Wang Yuhao , Luo Jialin , Wang Haoyuan , Zhao Yan , Nie Yongzhan , Yang Jianjun 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundAfter the standardization, recording and follow‐up of imatinib use that significantly prolongs survival of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs), a comprehensive reassessment of the prognosis of GISTs is necessary and more conductive to treatment options.MethodsA total of 2185 GISTs between 2013 and 2016 were obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database and comprised our training (n = 1456) and internal validation cohorts (n = 729). The risk factors extracted from univariate and multivariate analyses were used to establish a predictive nomogram. The model was evaluated and tested in the validation cohort internally and in 159 patients with GIST diagnosed between January 2015 and June 2017 in Xijing Hospital externally.ResultsThe median OS was 49 months (range, 0–83 months) in the training cohort and 51 months (0–83 months) in the validation cohort. The concordance index (C‐index) of the nomogram was 0.777 (95% CI, 0.752–0.802) and 0.7787 (0.7785, bootstrap corrected) in training and internal validation cohorts, respectively, and 0.7613 (0.7579, bootstrap corrected) in the external validation cohort. Receiver operating characteristic curves and calibration curves for 1‐, 3‐, and 5‐year overall survival (OS) showed a high degree of discrimination and calibration. The area under the curve showed that the new model performed better than the TNM staging system. In addition, the model could be dynamically visualized on a webpage.ConclusionWe developed a comprehensive survival prediction model for assessing the 1‐, 3‐ and 5‐year OS of patients with GIST in the postimatinib era. This predictive model outperforms the traditional TNM staging system and sheds light on the improvement of the prognostic prediction and the selection of treatment strategies for GISTs.
Low‐fat dairy consumption and the risk of lung cancer: A large prospective cohort study
Authors: Zhu Zhiyong , Peng Linglong , Zhou He , Gu Haitao , Tang Yunhao , Zhou Zhihang , Xiang Ling , Wang Yaxu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundDespite the possible contribution of dairy products to the development or prevention of cancers, there is a lack of epidemiological evidence linking low‐fat dairy consumption to the risk of developing lung cancer. This research was conducted to fill this knowledge gap.MethodsThe data for this research were collected from the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial. The Cox proportional risk model was employed to evaluate the link between low‐fat dairy consumption and the risk of developing lung cancer. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were measured in both unadjusted and adjusted models. A series of predefined subgroup analyses were performed to identify potential effect modifiers, and several sensitivity analyses were conducted to assess the stability of the findings.ResultsThe study included data from 98,459 individuals. During a total of 869,807.9 follow‐up person‐years, 1642 cases of lung cancer were observed, with an incidence of 0.189 cases for every 100 person‐years. In the fully adjusted model, participants in the highest quartile of low‐fat dairy consumption had a significantly decreased risk of lung cancer compared to the ones in the lowest quartile (HRquartile 4 vs. 1: 0.769, 95% CI: 0.664, 0.891, ptrend = 0.005). The restricted cubic spline plot revealed an inverse nonlinear dose–response relationship between low‐fat dairy consumption and lung cancer risk (pnonlinearity = 0.008). Subgroup analyses demonstrated that the inverse association was stronger among participants with higher daily caloric intake (pinteraction = 0.031). Various sensitivity analyses produced consistent results.ConclusionConsuming more low‐fat dairy products is significantly linked to a reduced risk of developing lung cancer, indicating that an appropriate increase in the use of low‐fat dairy products may help prevent lung cancer.
Three New Constituents with Anti‐Inflammatory and Antimicrobial Activities in Vitro from the Roots of Capsicum annuum L.
Authors: Shi Jiang , Deng Lu‐Lu , Li Jiang , Wang Min , Fan Yan‐Hua , Pan Wei‐Dong , Hao Xiao‐Jiang , Mu Shu‐Zhen 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThree new compounds, including two new sesquiterpenes (1–2), named Annuumine E−F, and one new natural product, 3‐hydroxy‐2,6‐dimethylbenzenemethanol (3), together with seventeen known compounds (4–20) were isolated from the ethanol extract of the roots of Capsicum annuum L. Among them, five compounds (4, 5, 9, 10 and 20) were isolated from this plant for the first time. The structures of new compounds (1–3) were determined via detailed analysis of the IR, HR‐ESI‐MS and 1D and 2D NMR spectra. The anti‐inflammatory activities of the isolated compounds were evaluated by their ability to reduce NO release by LPS‐induced RAW 264.7 cells. Notably, compound 11 exhibited moderate anti‐inflammatory activity (IC50=21.11 μM). Moreover, the antibacterial activities of the isolated compounds were also evaluated.
Intraoperative transesophageal three‐dimensional ultrasound of the spinal cord
Authors: Kisling Adam , Prost Cristah , Conte Lisa , Hulten Edward 
Published: June 2023

Key Clinical MessageThree‐dimensional transesophageal ultrasound of the spinal cord is a new and promising imaging modality that could easily be used clinically for real‐time evaluation of the spinal cord anatomy or for intraoperative guidance.
Lingual fasciculation: A point of call for the diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Galeazzi L. , Holzman J. , Mondoloni M. , Rochefort J. 
Published: June 2023

Key Clinical MessageA 60‐year‐old female patient, with no notable medical history, was referred by the internal medicine department for a dry mouth workup. The clinical examination revealed an absence of dryness, and the presence of lingual fasciculations, associated with difficulties in mastication and phonation. These symptoms appeared spontaneously 9 months before the consultation, after leaving confinement. Given the presence of lingual fasciculations, the diagnostic hypothesis of a neurological pathology, in particular amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), was suspected. After performing an electromyogram (EMG), the diagnosis of ALS was retained. Riluzole treatment was then started, and physical therapy sessions were scheduled. Riluzole allows an average gain of 4 to 6 months of life expectancy. Speech therapy and physical therapy allow to maintain the functions as long as possible and to improve the end‐of‐life conditions. The interest of early detection of ALS allows delaying the progression of the disease.