bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanical stability and insulation reliability of polymeric layers constructed by thermal fusion of polymer shell particles heterocoagulated on conductivenickel‐platedcore particles
Authors: Naruhashi Tomonao , Aoki Daisuke , Taniguchi Tatsuo , Karatsu Takashi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this study, the mechanical stability and insulating reliability of polymeric layers constructed on the surface of nickel‐plated particles for anisotropic conductive films were measured by means of a microcompression test. The polymeric layers were constructed by heterocoagulation between the nickel‐plated core particles and the polymeric shell particles and successive thermal fusion. Uniform core‐shell particles with a coverage of approximately 60%–70% were prepared at NaCl concentrations near the critical coagulation concentrations of the shell particles. Continuous polymeric layers were successfully formed by heating the heterocoagulates at a temperature slightly higher than the glass transition temperature of the shell particles. The microcompression test was applied to measure the compression displacement until the heterocoagulates were electrically connected. The larger the shell particles and the higher the coverage of heterocoagualtes, the greater the displacement, reaching a maximum displacement of 0.72 μm for heterocoagulates with shell particles of 217 nm before heating. Heating the heterocoagulates and thermally melting adjacent shell particles could further improve the insulating properties of polymeric layer. Thermal melting of shell particles of heterocoagulates with a coverage more than 60% by 152 or 217 nm shells resulted in the disappearance of zero‐point conductive particles.
8‐Hydroxyquinoline‐functionalized chitosan Schiff base as an efficient and environmentally friendly corrosion inhibitor for N80 steel in acidic environments
Authors: Wu Jing , Wu Juan , Lu Lilin , Mei Ping 
Published: May 2023

AbstractChitosan is an environmentally friendly biomolecule with great potential for application in metal corrosion protection. First, Chitosan benzaldehyde schiff base (CTSB) and 8‐hydroxyquinoline functionalized chitosan benzaldehyde schiff base (HQ‐CTSB) were synthesized from chitosan, benzaldehyde, and 8‐hydroxyquinoline as high‐efficiency and environment‐friendly corrosion inhibitors. The structures of the synthesized products were characterized by infrared spectroscopy. The corrosion of N80 steel was tested using electrochemical measurements and analysis by varied concentrations of CTSB and HQ‐CTSB in a hydrochloric acid solution. The PDP results confirmed that both CTSB and HQ‐CTSB corrosion inhibitors were mixed corrosion inhibitors. Furthermore, the EIS findings revealed that the corrosion inhibition efficiency of the two inhibitors was 87.11% and 98.52% at 800 mg/L, respectively. According to SEM and XPS analyses, the CTSB and HQ‐CTSB molecules bonded to the surface of N80 steel and formed a surface protective layer. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations showed that CTSB and HQ‐CTSB have multiple active sites that may become adsorbent on the metal surface. And molecular dynamics (MD) simulations showed that corrosion inhibitors CTSB and HQ‐CTSB lie flat on the surface of Fe(110). The theoretical calculation agreed well with the experimental results.
Synthesis, structure–activity relationship, and biological evaluation of quinolines for development of anticancer agents
Authors: Li Xudong , Ye Fu , Wang Yuran , Sun Xianbin , Chen Hui , Chen Tingyan , Gao Yu , Chen Haijun 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTetrahydro‐β‐carbolines (THβCs) are a kind of natural alkaloids with multiple pharmaceutical activities. Herein, a focused compound library derived from THβCs was synthesized and their anticancer activities were studied in several cancer cell lines. Among them, three compounds showed considerable anticancer activities with low micromolar to submicromolar IC50 values. The abilities to induce apoptosis and alter mitochondrial membrane potential levels, which are comparable to those of the commercial anticancer drug adriamycin, were confirmed by one representative compound (21) on the B16/F10 cell line. Our preliminary structure–activity relationship studies indicated that alkylamines with suitable lengths are very important for potency improvement.
Dynamic genome‐scale modeling of Saccharomyces cerevisiae unravels mechanisms for ester formation during alcoholic fermentation
Authors: Scott William T. , Henriques David , Smid Eddy J. , Notebaart Richard A. , Balsa‐Canto Eva 
Published: May 2023

AbstractFermentation employing Saccharomyces cerevisiae has produced alcoholic beverages and bread for millennia. More recently, S. cerevisiae has been used to manufacture specific metabolites for the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries. Among the most important of these metabolites are compounds associated with desirable aromas and flavors, including higher alcohols and esters. Although the physiology of yeast has been well‐studied, its metabolic modulation leading to aroma production in relevant industrial scenarios such as winemaking is still unclear. Here we ask what are the underlying metabolic mechanisms that explain the conserved and varying behavior of different yeasts regarding aroma formation under enological conditions? We employed dynamic flux balance analysis (dFBA) to answer this key question using the latest genome‐scale metabolic model (GEM) of S. cerevisiae. The model revealed several conserved mechanisms among wine yeasts, for example, acetate ester formation is dependent on intracellular metabolic acetyl‐CoA/CoA levels, and the formation of ethyl esters facilitates the removal of toxic fatty acids from cells using CoA. Species‐specific mechanisms were also found, such as a preference for the shikimate pathway leading to more 2‐phenylethanol production in the Opale strain as well as strain behavior varying notably during the carbohydrate accumulation phase and carbohydrate accumulation inducing redox restrictions during a later cell growth phase for strain Uvaferm. In conclusion, our new metabolic model of yeast under enological conditions revealed key metabolic mechanisms in wine yeasts, which will aid future research strategies to optimize their behavior in industrial settings.
Delayed CSF rhinorrhea presenting as a lethal acute bacterial meningitis 5 years post trauma
Authors: Karki Bipin , Acharya Utsav , Pun Bishika , Shrestha Pramesh Sunder 
Published: May 2023

Key clinical messageDelayed presentation of cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea is rare following head trauma. It is frequently complicated by meningitis if not addressed in time. This report highlights the importance of its timely management, the lack of which can lead to a fatal outcome.AbstractA 33‐year‐old man presented with meningitis in septic shock. He had a history of severe traumatic brain injury 5 years back following which he had a history of intermittent nasal discharge for the past 1 year. On investigation, he was found to have Streptococcus pneumoniae meningitis, and CT scan of his head showed defects in the cribriform plate which established the diagnosis of meningoencephalitis secondary to cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea. The patient did not survive despite appropriate antibiotics.
Machine Learning‐Based Filtered Drag Model for Cohesive Gas‐Particle Flows
Authors: Tausendschön Josef , Sundaresan Sankaran , Salehi Mohammadsadegh , Radl Stefan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe accuracy of filtered two‐fluid model simulations critically depends on constitutive models for corrections that account for the effects of inhomogeneous structures at the sub‐grid level. The complexity of accounting these structures increases with cohesion. In the present study, a dataset from filtered Euler‐Lagrange simulations with systematic variations of the cohesion level and the filter length was created to investigate the development of a machine learning‐based drag correction model for liquid bridge‐induced cohesive gas‐particle flows. A‐priori tests revealed that these models afford robust and accurate predictions of the drag correction and the actual drag force. Further it was demonstrated that an anisotropic drag correction model is more accurate than an isotropic model.
Reactivity Differences of Trigonal Pyramidal Nonheme Iron(IV)‐Oxo and Iron(III)‐Oxo Complexes: Experiment and Theory
Authors: Cao Yuanxin , Valdez‐Moreira Juan A. , Hay Sam , Smith Jeremy M. , de Visser Sam P. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHigh‐valent metal‐oxo species play critical roles in enzymatic catalysis yet their properties are still poorly understood. In this work we report a combined experimental and computational study into biomimetic iron(IV)‐oxo and iron(III)‐oxo complexes with tight second‐coordination sphere environments that restrict substrate access. The work shows that the second‐coordination sphere slows the hydrogen atom abstraction step from toluene dramatically and the kinetics is zeroth order in substrate. However, the iron(II)‐hydroxo that is formed has a low reduction potential and hence cannot do OH rebound favorably. The tolyl radical in solution then reacts further with alternative reaction partners. By contrast, the iron(IV)‐oxo species reacts predominantly through OH rebound to form alcohol products. Our studies show that the oxidation state of the metal influences reactivities and selectivities with substrate dramatically and that enzymes will likely need an iron(IV) center to catalyze C−H hydroxylation reactions.
[Ni(CO)4]+ as NiI Synthon: Synthesis and Characterization of NiI Half‐Sandwich and Sandwich Cations
Authors: Schmitt Manuel , Mayländer Maximilian , Radtke Valentin , Heizmann Tim , Richert Sabine , Krossing Ingo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe stable, easily accessible salt [Ni(CO)4]+[F{Al(ORF)3}2]− (RF=C(CF3)3) was used as a NiI synthon to generate the novel half‐sandwich complexes [Ni(arene)(CO)2]+ (arene=C6H6, o‐dfb=1,2‐F2C6H4). By irreversible removal of CO from the equilibrium, even the rather endergonic reaction to a [Ni(o‐dfb)2]+ salt was successful (ΔrG°(solv)=+78 kJ mol−1). The latter displays an unprecedented slipped η3,η3‐sandwich structure and is the ultimate synthon to NiI‐chemistry.
Exploring latent profiles of disordered eating using an indicator of dietary restriction in an undergraduate sample of men and women
Authors: Trolio Vittoria , Racine Sarah E. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveLatent class or latent profile analysis (LPA) studies in patients with eating disorders consistently identify a low‐weight, restrictive eating subgroup that does not endorse weight/shape concerns. To date, similar studies in samples unselected for disordered eating symptoms have not identified a high restriction‐low weight/shape concerns group, which may be due to a lack of inclusion of measures of dietary restriction.MethodWe conducted an LPA using data from 1623 college students (54% female) recruited across three different studies. The Eating Pathology Symptoms Inventory Body Dissatisfaction, Cognitive Restraint, Restricting, and Binge Eating subscales were used as indicators, and body mass index, gender, and dataset were covaried. Purging, excessive exercise, emotion dysregulation, and harmful alcohol use were compared across resulting clusters.ResultsFit indices supported a 10‐class solution, including five disordered eating groups (largest to smallest): “Elevated General Disordered Eating”, “Body Dissatisfied Binge Eating,” “Most Severe General Disordered Eating,” “Non‐Body Dissatisfied Binge Eating,” and “Non‐Body Dissatisfied Restriction.” The “Non‐Body Dissatisfied Restriction” group scored as low on other measures of traditional eating pathology and harmful alcohol use as non‐disordered eating groups but scored as high on a measure of emotion dysregulation as other disordered eating groups.DiscussionThis study is the first to identify a latent restrictive eating group that does not endorse traditional disordered eating cognitions in an unselected sample of undergraduate students. Results underscore the importance of using measures of disordered eating behaviors without implied motivation to capture overlooked problematic eating patterns in the population that are distinct from our “traditional” understanding of disordered eating.Public SignificanceWe identified a group of individuals with high levels of restrictive eating but low body dissatisfaction and intent to diet in an unselected adult sample of men and women. Results underscore the need to investigate restrictive eating outside of the traditional lens of body shape concerns. Findings also suggest that individuals with nontraditional eating difficulties may struggle with emotion dysregulation, putting them at risk of poor psychological and relational outcomes.
Extended producer responsibility: An empirical investigation into municipalities' contributions to and perspectives on e‐waste management
Authors: Leclerc Stéphanie H. , Badami Madhav G. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe development and implementation of extended producer responsibility (EPR) policies to manage e‐waste provide multilevel governance frameworks for achieving greater material circularity. However, the roles and responsibilities that are allocated to various stakeholders under these policies, which are crucial for program effectiveness, often vary across jurisdictions, and consensus is lacking about the best types of relationships and collaboration that should govern municipalities' contributions to EPR programs. Against this backdrop, and since this issue is poorly researched, we conducted an empirical investigation to identify the main drivers and barriers influencing municipalities' collaboration with an e‐waste EPR program in a Canadian province where municipalities are free to decide whether or not to engage with the program. Based on our study, we explore policy implications for similar programs in other jurisdictions, and propose questions for further research. Our findings identify key motivations for collaboration, including perceived program legitimacy, program funding, and logistical efficiencies. Conversely, a lack of program transparency, failure to support local employment, a focus on recycling instead of reuse, and limited program scope are identified as disincentives to program participation. Policymaking for e‐waste management and circularity need to consider municipalities' interests and contributions to ensure successful implementation.
Commensality constitutes communalism: Producing emergent bonds in experimental small groups by sharing food and drink
Authors: Brito Rodrigo , Waldzus Sven , Schubert Thomas Wolfgang , Sekerdej Maciej , Louceiro Ana , Simão Cláudia 
Published: May 2023

AbstractRelational models theory provides an alternative framework to study group and intergroup processes. One of four models people use to constitute groups is communal sharing (CS). Ethnographic and experimental evidence suggests that CS is produced by concrete and symbolic enactments of connections between bodies (cuddling, touching, synchronicity, commensality). We tested the effect of commensality on CS and ingroup favouritism in four Experiments with 3‐person groups (total n = 330) and found that commensality enhances emergent group communal sharing but does not enhance ingroup favouritism. In Experiment 1, sharing food enhanced ingroup communal sharing but in Experiment 2 this effect was not significant. In Experiments 3 and 4, sharing water enhanced communal sharing, but only when served from the same bottle, implying consubstantial assimilation. Ingroup favouritism was not enhanced by commensality in any experiment, even when explicitly presented as exclusively ingroup (Experiment 2), suggesting non‐comparative group formation through ingroup commensality.
Impact of prenatal corticosteroid therapy on sickle cell disease in pregnant women
Authors: Wang Florence , Mandelbrot Laurent , Affo Louis , Galacteros Frédéric , Bounan Stéphane , Fernandez Hervé , Fichez Axel , Cannas Giovanna , Driessen Marine , Debarge Véronique , Loko Gylna , Gnofam Mayi , Makowski Caroline , Graesslin Olivier , Haddad Bassam , Sibiude Jeanne ,   for the Drepagest Study Group
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate safety of prenatal corticosteroids in pregnancies of women with sickle cell disease.MethodsA multicenter observational study of patients with sickle cell disease, comparing vaso‐occlusive crises (VOC) requiring hospital care between pregnancies with versus without prenatal corticosteroids.ResultsIn 40 pregnancies exposed to prenatal corticosteroids, compared with 370 unexposed pregnancies, VOC were not more frequent (62.5% vs 57.9%, P = 0.578) but they were more severe, with more intensive care hospitalizations (25.0% vs 12.9%, P = 0.039), emergency transfusions (44.7% vs 22.7%, P = 0.006), and acute chest syndromes (22.5% vs 8.9%, P = 0.010). These differences persisted after adjustment for severity and type of sickle cell syndrome (for intensive care admission adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.73, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.10–6.79, P = 0.031 and for acute chest syndrome aOR 4.15, 95% CI 1.57–14.4, P = 0.008). VOC occurred on average 1.2 days following steroid administration. When comparing 36 patients receiving corticosteroids for fetal maturation with 58 patients who were hospitalized for obstetrical complications before 34 weeks of pregnancy but that did not receive corticosteroids, VOC incidence was not significantly higher (41.7% vs 31.5%, P = 0.323).ConclusionThe present study was the first to study the impact of prenatal corticosteroids on sickle cell disease. They were associated with more severe VOC, suggesting that steroids should be avoided in these women.
Recyclable functionalized polyethyleneimine‐coated magnetic nanoparticles for efficient removal of lead from aqueous solutions
Authors: Tsague Chimaine F , Abbo Hanna S , Yufanyi Divine M , Ondoh Agwara M , Titinchi Salam JJ 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundLead is among the most lethal heavy metals, displaying toxicity towards humans, animals and plants. Removal of lead ions from wastewater prior to its disposal is very important. Consequently, the development of adsorbents which can effectively remove Pb(II) from water is a subject of growing research interest.ResultsPolyethyleneimine‐coated magnetic nanoparticles functionalized with various compounds, namely salicylaldehyde, carbon disulfide and o‐vanillin, were synthesized and employed in the removal of Pb(II) from aqueous solutions. These compounds act as chelating agents which bind to toxic metal ions to form complex structures which are easily removed from the solutions. A very effective uptake of Pb(II) (98.1% of 25 mg L−1 Pb(II)) was achieved with an adsorbent dose of 10 mg, a contact time of 60 min and at a pH of 6.5. Equilibrium data for isothermal, kinetic and thermodynamic studies indicate that the process of adsorption fitted well with the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. The kinetics of adsorption proceeded through a pseudo‐second‐order rate while the thermodynamic parameters indicated that the process was spontaneous and endothermic.ConclusionFunctionalization of iron oxide nanoparticles was confirmed by various techniques. Adsorption factors were optimized in order to achieve maximum removal of Pb(II). The modified magnetic materials are highly effective active sorbent materials. The hydroxyl, thiol and thiocarbamate groups have a synergistic effect on Pb2+ removal through electrostatic interactions and chelation. Adsorption studies demonstrate that a high adsorption capacity (92%) was achieved within 10 min at 25 °C using the adsorbent MNP@PEI‐CS2. The nanoadsorbents can be reused without affecting their removal capacity. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Manual dexterity in dentistry: Development and evaluation of a preclinical training program
Authors: Neves Tamíris da Costa , Pazos Júlia Margato , Genaro Luis Eduardo , Hallak Julia Carrer , Garcia Patrícia P. N. S. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this study was to develop and evaluate the effect of a manual dexterity training program on manual dexterity, perception of self‐confidence, quality of cavity preparations, and ergonomic work posture of dental students prior to preclinical training.MethodsStudents in the first year of the undergraduate dentistry program (N = 63) participated in this study. The program consisted of eight phases in which students performed different types of activities. The dependent variables were: manual dexterity assessed by the modified Dental Manual Dexterity Assessment; self‐confidence to perform a preclinical procedure using the VAS scale; quality of Class I cavity preparation; angular deviation from the neutral position of the neck, trunk, wrist and distance between the student's eyes and the mannequin's tooth. These variables were evaluated at two different times: before and after the application of the program. The independent variable was the preclinical manual dexterity training program. After meeting the assumption of normality, the paired t‐Student test was performed, the significance level was 5%.ResultsThe results showed a statistically significant difference in relation to manual dexterity (p < 0.001), self‐confidence (p < 0.001), quality of cavity preparations (p < 0.001), distance from the eyes of the student/mannequin (p < 0.001), deviation angle of the neutral position of the trunk (p = 0.007) and wrists (p < 0.001), with better results in posttraining.ConclusionIt was possible to conclude that, in general, the proposed training positively influenced the self‐confidence, dexterity, quality of work, and ergonomics of the evaluated students.
Improved bound on vertex degree version of Erdős matching conjecture
Authors: Guo Mingyang , Lu Hongliang , Jiang Yaolin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractFor a ‐uniform hypergraph , let denote the minimum vertex degree of , and denote the size of the largest matching in . In this paper, we show that for any and , there exists an integer such that for positive integers and , if is an ‐vertex ‐graph with , then . This improves upon earlier results of Bollobás, Daykin, and Erdős for the range and Huang and Zhao for the range .
Haploidentical hematopoietic cell transplant recipient presents with late‐onset Epstein Barr virus‐associated posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder
Authors: Braun Adam , Liu Lawrence , Al Malki Monzr M. , Becker Pamela S 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPosttransplant lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD) is a potentially life‐threatening complication of hematopoietic cell transplantation. With improvements in Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) monitoring and supportive care, PTLD incidence has decreased throughout the history of bone marrow transplantation. It is rare to develop PTLD after the first year following transplant, across all donor categories. In this case, we hope to elucidate details that may have predisposed to this unusual presentation. We present the case of a 55‐year‐old gentleman with acute myeloid leukemia who underwent a haploidentical transplant for consolidation and presented with fatigue, lethargy and presumed septic shock nearly 7 years after transplant.