bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metabolic adaptations and aquifer connectivity underpin the high productivity rates in the relict subsurface water
Authors: Atencio Betzabe , Geisler Eyal , Rubin-Blum Maxim , Bar-Zeev Edo , Adar Eilon M. , Ram Roi , Ronen Zeev 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundDiverse microbes catalyze biogeochemical cycles in the terrestrial subsurface, yet the corresponding ecophysiology was only estimated in a limited number of subterrestrial, often shallow aquifers. Here, we detrained the productivity, diversity, and functions of active microbial communities in the Judea Group carbonate and the underlying deep (up to 1.5 km below ground) Kurnub Group Nubian sandstone aquifers. These pristine oligotrophic aquifers, recharged more than tens to hundreds of thousands years ago, contain fresh/brackish, hypoxic/anoxic, often hot (up to 60°C) water and serve as habitats for key microbial producers.ResultsWe show that recent groundwater recharge, inorganic carbon and ammonium strongly influence chemosynthetic primary productivity in carbonate and sandstone aquifers (4.4-21.9 µg C d-1L-1and 1.2-2.7 µg C d-1L-1, respectively). These high values indicate the possibility that the global aquifer productivity rates may be underestimated. Metagenome analysis revealed the prevalence of chemoautotrophic pathways, particularly the Calvin-Benson-Bassham cycle. The key chemosynthetic lineages in the carbonate aquifer were Halothiobacillales, whereas Burkholderiales and Rhizobiales occupied the sandstone aquifer. Most chemosynthetic microbes may oxidize sulfur compounds or ammonium, using oxygen or oxidized nitrogen as electron acceptors. Abundant sulfate reducers in the anoxic deeper aquifer have the potential to catabolize various organics, fix carbon via the Wood Ljungdahl pathway, and often possess nitrogenase, indicating diazotrophic capabilities. Our data suggest that connectivity between the aquifers and their exposure to energy inputs and surface water may play a key role in shaping these communities, altering physicochemical parameters and selecting taxa and functions. We highlight the metabolic versatility in the deep subsurface that underpins their efficient harnessing of carbon and energy from different sources.
KSHV vIL-6 Enhances Inflammatory Responses by Epigenetic Reprogramming
Authors: Inagaki Tomoki , Wang Kang-Hsin , Kumar Ashish , Izumiya Chie , Miura Hiroki , Komaki Somayeh , Davis Ryan R. , Tepper Clifford G. , Katano Harutaka , Shimoda Michiko , Izumiya Yoshihiro 
Published: June 2023

AbstractKaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) inflammatory cytokine syndrome (KICS) is a newly described chronic inflammatory disease condition caused by KSHV infection and is characterized by high KSHV viral load and sustained elevations of serum KSHV-encoded IL-6 (vIL-6) and human IL-6 (hIL-6). KICS has significant immortality and possesses greater risks of having other complications, which include malignancies. Although prolonged inflammatory vIL-6 exposure by persistent KSHV infection is expected to have key roles in subsequent disease development, the biological effects of prolonged vIL-6 exposure remain elusive. Using thiol-Linked Alkylation for the Metabolic Sequencing and Cleavage Under Target & Release Using Nuclease analysis, we studied the effect of prolonged vIL-6 exposure in chromatin landscape and resulting cytokine production. The studies showed that prolonged vIL-6 exposure increased Bromodomain containing 4 (BRD4) and histone H3 lysine 27 acetylation co-occupancies on chromatin, and the recruitment sites were frequently co-localized with poised RNAPII with associated enzymes. Increased BRD4 recruitment on promoters was associated with increased and prolonged NF-KB p65 binding after the lipopolysaccharide stimulation. The p65 binding resulted in quicker and sustained transcription bursts from the promoters; this mechanism increased total amounts of hIL-6 and IL-10 in tissue culture. Pretreatment with the BRD4 inhibitor, OTX015, eliminated the enhanced inflammatory cytokine production. These findings suggest that persistent vIL-6 exposure may establish a chromatin landscape favorable for the reactivation of inflammatory responses in monocytes. This epigenetic memory may explain the greater risk of chronic inflammatory disease development in KSHV-infected individuals.Author summaryCombined and continuous cytokine stimulation triggers transcription reprogramming and is often used for specific tissue development. Continuous vIL-6 exposure occurs in KSHV-infected patients and leads to inflammatory cytokine storm with high mortality. However, possible epigenetic reprogramming by the vIL-6 and its association with pathogenesis remain unclear. Here we demonstrate the establishment of a new chromatin landscape mediated by BRD4 through prolonged vIL-6 exposure which contributes to more robust and rapid transcription and increased cytokines production. Inhibition of BRD4 suppressed this inflammatory response. Our results indicate that targeting the epigenetic effect of viral cytokines may lead to novel therapies for KSHV-induced inflammatory cytokine storms.
Historic museum samples provide evidence for a recent replacement ofWolbachiatypes in EuropeanDrosophila melanogaster
Authors: Strunov Anton , Kirchner Sandra , Schindelar Julia , Kruckenhauser Luise , Haring Elisabeth , Kapun Martin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWolbachiais one of the most common bacterial endosymbionts, which is frequently found in numerous arthropods and nematode taxa.Wolbachiainfections can have a strong influence on the evolutionary dynamics of their hosts since these bacteria are reproductive manipulators that affect the fitness and life history of their host species for their own benefit. Host-symbiont interactions withWolbachiaare perhaps best studied in the model organismDrosophila melanogaster, which is naturally infected with five different types among which wMel and wMelCS are the most frequent ones. Comparisons of infection types between natural flies and long-term lab stocks have previously indicated that wMelCS represents the ancestral type, which was only very recently replaced by the nowadays dominant wMel in most natural populations. In this study, we took advantage of recently sequenced museum specimens ofD. melanogasterthat have been collected 90-200 years ago in Northern Europe to test this hypothesis. Our comparison to contemporaryWolbachiasamples provides compelling support for the replacement hypothesis and identifies potential infections with yet unknownWolbachiatypes of supergroup B. Our analyses show that sequencing data from historic museum specimens and their bycatch are an emerging and unprecedented resource to address fundamental questions about evolutionary dynamics in host-symbiont interactions.
Iron acquisition by a commensal bacterium modifies host nutritional immunity duringSalmonellainfection
Authors: Spiga Luisella , Fansler Ryan T. , Perera Yasiru R. , Shealy Nicolas G. , Munneke Matthew J. , Torres Teresa P. , David Holly E. , Lemoff Andrew , Ran Xinchun , Richardson Katrina L. , Pudlo Nicholas , Martens Eric C. , Yang Zhongyue J. , Skaar Eric P. , Byndloss Mariana X. , Chazin Walter J. , Zhu Wenhan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDuring intestinal inflammation, host nutritional immunity starves microbes of essential micronutrients such as iron. Pathogens scavenge iron using siderophores, which is counteracted by the host using lipocalin-2, a protein that sequesters iron-laden siderophores, including enterobactin. Although the host and pathogens compete for iron in the presence of gut commensal bacteria, the roles of commensals in nutritional immunity involving iron remain unexplored. Here, we report that the gut commensalBacteroides thetaiotaomicronacquires iron in the inflamed gut by utilizing siderophores produced by other bacteria includingSalmonella,via a secreted siderophore-binding lipoprotein termed XusB. Notably, XusB-bound siderophores are less accessible to host sequestration by lipocalin-2 but can be “re-acquired” bySalmonella, allowing the pathogen to evade nutritional immunity. As the host and pathogen have been the focus of studies of nutritional immunity, this work adds commensal iron metabolism as a previously unrecognized mechanism modulating the interactions between pathogen and host nutritional immunity.
A New Highly Efficient Molecule for Both Optogenetic and Chemogenetic Control Driven by FRET Amplification of BioLuminescence
Authors: Björefeldt Andreas , Murphy Jeremy , Crespo Emmanuel L , Lambert Gerard G , Prakash Mansi , Ikefuama Ebenezer C , Friedman Nina , Brown Tariq M , Lipscombe Diane , Moore Christopher I , Hochgeschwender Ute , Shaner Nathan C 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSignificanceBioluminescent optogenetics (BL-OG) offers a unique and powerful approach to manipulate neural activity both opto- and chemogenetically using a single actuator molecule (a LuMinOpsin, LMO).AimTo further enhance the utility of BL-OG by improving the efficacy of chemogenetic (bioluminescence- driven) LMO activation.ApproachWe developed novel luciferases optimized for Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) when fused to the fluorescent protein mNeonGreen, generating bright bioluminescent (BL) emitters spectrally tuned toVolvoxChannelrhodopsin 1 (VChR1).ResultsA new LMO generated from this approach (LMO7) showed significantly stronger BL-driven opsin activation compared to previous and other new variants. We extensively benchmarked LMO7 against LMO3 (current standard), and found significantly stronger neuronal activity modulationex vivoandin vivo, and efficient modulation of behavior.ConclusionsWe report a robust new option for achieving multiple modes of control in a single actuator, and a promising engineering strategy for continued improvement of BL-OG.
Artificial intelligence, task complexity and uncertainty: analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of using algorithms in public service delivery under public administration theories
Authors: Nzobonimpa Stany 
Published: June 2023

PurposeThis article revisits some theories and concepts of public administration, including those related to public value, transaction costs and social equity, to analyze the advantages and disadvantages of using artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms in public service delivery. The author seeks to mobilize theory to guide AI-era public management practitioners and researchers.Design/methodology/approachThe author uses an existing task classification model to mobilize and juxtapose public management theories against artificial intelligence potential impacts in public service delivery. Theories of social equity and transaction costs as well as some concepts such as red tape, efficiency and economy are used to argue that the discipline of public administration provides a foundation to ensure algorithms are used in a way that improves service delivery.FindingsAfter presenting literature on the challenges and promises of using AI in public service, the study shows that while the adoption of algorithms in public service has benefits, some serious challenges still exist when looked at under the lenses of theory. Additionally, the author mobilizes the public administration concepts of agenda setting and coproduction and finds that designing AI-enabled public services should be centered on citizens who are not mere customers. As an implication for public management practice, this study shows that bringing citizens to the forefront of designing and implementing AI-delivered services is key to reducing the reproduction of social biases.Research limitations/implicationsAs a fast-growing subject, artificial intelligence research in public management is yet to empirically test some of the theories that the study presented.Practical implicationsThe paper vulgarizes some theories of public administration which practitioners can consider in the design and implementation of AI-enabled public services. Additionally, the study shows practitioners that bringing citizens to the forefront of designing and implementing AI-delivered services is key to reducing the reproduction of social biases.Social implicationsThe paper informs a broad audience who might not be familiar with public administration theories and how those theories can be taken into consideration when adopting AI systems in service delivery.Originality/valueThis research is original, as, to the best of the author’s knowledge, no prior work has combined these concepts in analyzing AI in the public sector.
Do consumers need halal label? Evidence from small and medium enterprises segment in a major Muslim environment
Authors: Silalahi Sahat Aditua Fandhitya 
Published: June 2023

Purpose
This present study aims to investigate the mediating effect of halal label perceived importance (HPI) on buying intention (BI) of small and medium enterprises (SME) food products in a Muslim-majority environment by involving attitude (ATT), subjective norms (SN) and perceived behavioral control (PBC) as the antecedents.

Design/methodology/approach
A self-administered survey was conducted with 437 Muslim respondents who shop at an SME shopping center. Subsequently, the structural equation modeling technique was used to test the hypotheses.

Findings
The findings showed that ATT and PBC significantly influence the BI of halal-labeled food products. On the other hand, HPI partially mediates the relationship between ATT, PBC and BI.

Practical implications
The results provided insights that SME actors will be benefited from selling halal-labeled products as the label amplifies Muslim consumers’ BI. Moreover, the government must intensify the halal campaign to strengthen public awareness and social pressure on purchasing halal-labeled brands.

Social implications
As SMEs are the major contributor to the national economy, this sector’s business growth will benefit the Indonesian people. Moreover, as the most Muslim-populated country, halal product development will contribute significantly to the whole national economy.

Originality/value
This study provides empirical evidence on the halal labeling mediation role in the relationship between consumer motivation and halal buying intention in a major Muslim setting.
The effects of perceived overqualification on spouse undermining and support
Authors: Zhang Junwei , Li Ye , Zhang Yajun , Zhang Haitao , Tang Jiao 
Published: June 2023

PurposeBased on the work–home resources model regarding the work domain and the home domain as a whole resource exchange system with directional resource flows, this study proposed that perceived overqualification could lead to personal resources drain, especially for employees with high work–family centrality (i.e. valuing work more than family). Furthermore, the drained personal resources of the focal employees brought in more spouse undermining and less spouse support at home.Design/methodology/approachA quantitative approach in which Study 1 involving 259 pairs and Study 2 involving 260 pairs of employees and their spouses from China provided support to the first-stage moderated mediation model.FindingsResults revealed that when employees' work–family centrality is high, perceived overqualification could elicit personal resources drain and induce more spouse undermining and less spouse support. On the contrary, when employees' work–family centrality is low, perceived overqualification could reduce personal resources drain and render less spouse undermining and more spouse support. The two studies consistently provided support for most of the hypotheses.Practical implicationsThe research results suggest that organizations could take some feasible measures to help overqualified employees articulate the value of work–family centrality to manage overqualified employees' work–family resources further, bringing appropriate sequential behaviors at home.Originality/valueResearch on perceived overqualification has primarily focused on its consequences in the work domain, paying scant attention to whether it can influence the home domain outside work. This research contributes to this line of literature by investigating how and when perceived overqualification leads to family outcomes.
Explaining the unsuccessful relationships between brand awareness and behavioral intention: a serial mediation study
Authors: Sudhana Pranakusuma , Noermijati Noermijati , Hussein Ananda Sabil , Indrawati Nur Khusniyah 
Published: June 2023

Purpose
This paper aims to explain the unsuccessful relationship between the awareness of prominent international education brands and enrollment intention.

Design/methodology/approach
A serial mediation model encompassing perceived congruity and brand attitude was developed and tested using the PLS-SEM technique, involving 132 respondents.

Findings
The results revealed that the awareness of international education brands, subsequently perceived as internally congruent with the prospective students’ self-image in terms of resource sufficiency, will yield enrollment intention by forming the desired brand attitude.

Research limitations/implications
This paper includes generalizability as its limitation, with suggestions to undertake the broader scope of studies. Future research could examine other variables to enhance the model.

Practical implications
This paper presents theoretical and managerial implications for higher education branding and marketing.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study could be the first to discuss the international university landscape in Indonesia. In addition, the proposed model could be a plausible framework for explaining the intention to accept not only international education brands but also other brands of goods and services, thereby benefiting both educational and consumer research.
Effect of printing strategies on the properties of product in selective Sorel cement activation
Authors: Salari Farid , Bosetti Paolo , Sglavo Vincenzo M. 
Published: June 2023

Purpose
Particles bed binding by selective cement activation (SCA) method is a computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) technique used to produce cementitious elements. A computer-aided design file is sliced to generate G-codes before printing. This paper aims to study the effect of key input parameters for slicer software on the final properties of printed products.

Design/methodology/approach
The one factor at a time (OFAT) methodology is used to investigate the impact of selected parameters on the final properties of printed specimens, and the causes for the variations in outcomes of each variable are discussed.

Findings
Finer aggregates can generate a more compact layer, resulting in a denser product with higher strength. Fluid pressure is directly determined by voxel rate (rV); however, high pressures enable better fluid penetration control for fortified products; for extreme rVs, residual voids in the interfaces between successive layers and single-line primitives impair mechanical strength. It was understood that printhead movement along the orientation of the parts in the powder bed improved the mechanical properties.

Originality/value
The design of experiment (DOE) method assesses the influence of process parameters on various input printing variables at the same time. As the resources are limited, a fractional factorial plan is carried out on a subset of a full factorial design; hence, providing physical interpretation behind changes in each factor is difficult. OFAT aids in analyzing the effect of a change in one factor on output while all other parameters are kept constant. The results assist engineers in properly considering the influence of variable variations for future DOE designs.
Relative importance of exotic species traits in determining invasiveness across levels of establishment: Example of freshwater fish
Authors: Bernery Camille , Marino Clara , Bellard Céline 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Understanding the factors responsible for the success of exotic species is a prevalent issue in invasion biology. Although the ecological traits of exotic species are known to play a major role, it is still unknown which traits are responsible for the different dimensions of invasiveness among vertebrates.

Here, we assessed the ecological, morphological and behavioural profile of 222 exotic freshwater fish along different levels of establishment, defined by the number of basins in which the exotic species are established and the location of establishment. Using a trait‐based multidimensional space complemented by a trait‐by‐trait analysis, we attempted to classified exotic vertebrates given their intrinsic traits across establishment levels ranging from species with low establishment to super‐established species.

We found that fish with low establishment were clustered in the trait space, showing similar traits characterized by low‐temperature amplitude, no parental care and zoobenthic diet. By contrast, super‐established fish had a broader range of functional strategies, with a high proportion of species having multiple diets and a high level of parental care. Overall, fish with low establishment had low functional overlap with other fish at higher levels of establishment.

Our findings highlight the importance of considering trait variability in the species' level of establishment to more accurately anticipate their ability to establish and spread.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
Positive plant diversity effects on soil microbial drought resistance are linked to variation in labile carbon and microbial community structure
Authors: Xi Nianxun , Chen Dongxia , Liu Wei , Bloor Juliette M. G. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Biodiversity loss and drought are substantially altering both above‐ and below‐ground terrestrial ecosystem functioning, but mechanistic understanding of plant diversity effects on the drought resistance of soil microbial biomass remains limited.

We designed a mesocosm experiment to examine drought resistance of soil microbial biomass along a plant species richness gradient (five plant species richness levels based on old‐field communities). We calculated resistance of microbial biomass to drought and recorded key below‐ground properties which may influence microbial resistance to drought (i.e. microbial diversity, microbial community structure, soil carbon stocks and root biomass).

Plant species richness had a positive effect on microbial resistance to drought. Variation in microbial resistance to drought was linked to properties of the fungal community in ambient soil (Shannon diversity, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal richness and abundance) but not soil bacterial diversity. Moreover, microbial resistance to drought increased with increasing root biomass and dissolved organic carbon recorded under ambient conditions.

These results highlight the importance of plant diversity for microbial biomass stability in our old‐field study system with implications for biogeochemical cycling, and suggest that indirect effects of plant species richness on labile soil carbon and soil fungi may drive resistance of soil microbial biomass to drought.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
‘Thirteen Wasted Years’: A Strategy for Starmer?
Authors: Williamson Adrian 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBefore the 1997 Labour landslide, Roy Jenkins famously described Tony Blair as being ‘like a man carrying a priceless Ming vase across a highly polished floor’. Many think Keir Starmer appears even more diffident. This article argues that he should perhaps look for inspiration to the general election of 1964, the last occasion upon which Labour overturned a large Tory majority and secured its own majority. In 1964, Harold Wilson made great play of the charge that the Conservative governments of 1951–1964 had presided over ‘thirteen wasted years’. The nature and correctness of this case is examined, albeit that the charge may have been somewhat overstated. The parallels with the thirteen years of Conservative governments since 2010 are then analysed. The article concludes that there appear to be uncanny parallels between 1963/4 and the present. Not only have the Conservatives been in power for thirteen years, but the British economy is once more floundering relative to its peers.