bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ecophysiological responses to heat waves in the marine intertidal zone
Authors: Stillman Jonathon H. , Amri Adrienne B. , Holdreith Joe M. , Hooper Alexis , Leon Rafael V. , Pruett Liliana R. , Bukaty Buck M. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT
One notable consequence of climate change is an increase in the frequency, scale and severity of heat waves. Heat waves in terrestrial habitats (atmospheric heat waves, AHW) and marine habitats (marine heat waves, MHW) have received considerable attention as environmental forces that impact organisms, populations and whole ecosystems. Only one ecosystem, the intertidal zone, experiences both MHWs and AHWs. In this Review, we outline the range of responses that intertidal zone organisms exhibit in response to heat waves. We begin by examining the drivers of thermal maxima in intertidal zone ecosystems. We develop a simple model of intertidal zone daily maximum temperatures based on publicly available tide and solar radiation models, and compare it with logged, under-rock temperature data at an intertidal site. We then summarize experimental and ecological studies of how intertidal zone ecosystems and organisms respond to heat waves across dimensions of biotic response. Additional attention is paid to the impacts of extreme heat on cellular physiology, including oxidative stress responses to thermally induced mitochondrial overdrive and dysfunction. We examine the energetic consequences of these mechanisms and how they shift organismal traits, including growth, reproduction and immune function. We conclude by considering important future directions for improving studies of the impacts of heat waves on intertidal zone organisms.
Treadmill Exercise Mitigates Alzheimer’s Pathology by Modulating Glial Polarization and Reducing Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cell Perivascular Clustering
Authors: Wu Chongyun , Zou Peibin , Zhu Ling , Feng Shu , Deng Qianting , Liu Timon Cheng-Yi , Duan Rui , Yang Luodan 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Purpose
This study aimed to investigate the pathological responses of glial cells at different distances from amyloid plaques and the characteristics of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) in perivascular clustering. Additionally, it sought to explore the impact of exercise training on AD pathology, specifically focusing on the modulation of glial responses and the effects of OPC perivascular clustering.

Methods
Three-month-old C57BL/6 and APP/PS1 mice were divided into four groups: wild-type sedentary, wild-type exercise, sedentary AD, and exercise AD groups. The Barnes maze test was conducted to analyze spatial learning and memory. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) analysis, Immunofluorescence staining, Fluro-Jade C staining, TUNEL staining, Sholl analysis, and 3D rendering analysis were employed to detect Aβ 1-42, tau hyperphosphorylation, typical amyloid plaques, abnormal tau phosphorylation, neuronal damage, apoptosis, neurodegeneration, microglial and astrocytic activation and phenotypic polarization, and OPC perivascular clustering.

Results
Behavioral results revealed that long-term exercise training ameliorated cognitive deficits in APP/PS1 mice. Histopathological analysis showed a reduction in amyloid deposition and decreased tau hyperphosphorylation. Immunofluorescence and Fluro-Jade C staining indicated that exercise attenuated neuronal damage, degeneration, and apoptosis. Sholl and 3D rendering analysis demonstrated that exercise mitigated spatially dependent glial phenotypic changes surrounding amyloid plaques in the AD cortex and hippocampus. Further, immunofluorescence staining revealed that exercise alleviated plaque-associated glial changes in these regions. Exercise also alleviated the reduction of microglial SIRPα and reduced synaptic loss mediated by microglial and astrocyte phagocytosis. Lastly, exercise mitigated OPC senescence and cellular senescence-induced OPC perivascular clustering in AD mice.

Conclusions
Exercise can counteract AD pathological features by modulating glial responses and reducing OPC senescence and perivascular clustering near amyloid plaques, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic strategy for AD.
TOPICAL ISSUES OF EDUCATIONAL LAW IN THE CONDITIONS OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION OF THE EDUCATION
Authors: Balashova Elena S. , Gnetova Lyudmila V. , Surovegina Ekaterina S. 
Published: January 2025

Background. The article is devoted to the study of factors standing in the way of improving educational law as a branch. The relevance of the study is due to the innovative processes developing at the present stage both in the field of educational law and in the field of education. The education system in Russia in the transition from the Bologna process to a new paradigm of education needs to improve educational law. In the course of the study, the most problematic aspects of the regulatory framework for education were analyzed.
Purpose. The purpose of the study is to analyze the current state of educational law and identify the organizational and legal foundations of current problems of educational law.
Methodology. To achieve the goal, the methods of analyzing regulatory legal acts, the comparative legal method, the method of generalization, the method of expert assessments, the method of abstraction and sociological research methods are used.
Results. The result of this study is the identification and systematization of current problems of educational law and the regulatory and legal foundations for their formation. The current problems of educational law are of both systemic and normative and organizational nature, and understanding the grounds for their formation is necessary to create effective approaches to their solution.
Practical implications. The results of the study can be used to solve current problems of managing educational organizations, primarily in the field of higher education pedagogy, as well as in the practice of teaching academic disciplines such as educational law, etc.
Sports and Bone Health: The Impact of Physical Activity on Bone Mineral Density
Authors: Bielecka Larysa 
Published: January 2025

Introduction
Bone health is a critical component in maintaining physical fitness and overall quality of life. Among the factors influencing bone tissue structure, an appropriate level of physical activity plays a pivotal role. Numerous studies in the literature report the beneficial effects of regular exercise on bone mineral density (BMD).

Objective
This study aims to review current scientific reports and summarize the state of knowledge regarding the impact of physical activity on bone mineral density.

Materials and Methods
A review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published between 2022 and 2024 was conducted to evaluate the effects of physical activity on bone mineral density. Four studies meeting predefined selection criteria were identified.

Results
The findings demonstrate that physical activity significantly impacts bone mineral density. Both aerobic and resistance training contribute to increased BMD. Resistance training, particularly when combined with other forms of physical activity or dietary interventions, offers notable benefits, especially in populations with excess body fat.

Conclusions
Regular physical exercise, particularly resistance training, plays a significant role in improving bone mineral density.
Efficient Frontier and Applications in Product Offering and Pricing
Authors: Ke Chenxu , Lu Lijian , Wang Ruxian 
Published: January 2025

Problem definition: The joint assortment and pricing problem is notoriously difficult to solve, especially for large-scale issues subject to various operational constraints arising from business practices. In this paper, we delve into the joint optimization challenge under constrained logit choice models, accounting for product-differentiated price sensitivities across static, randomized, and dynamic contexts. Methodology/results: We develop a unified optimization methodology that applies efficient frontier and dimensional reduction and transforms the joint optimization problem into a single-variable one with respect to the total choice probability. The efficient frontier is employed to transform the nonconcave objective function equivalently into its concave counterpart. We show that the optimal prices are uniquely determined by the common target adjusted markup. The complexity of the mixed combinatorial optimization problem can be reduced by searching over efficient sets of polynomial size. In the randomized assortment and pricing problem in which the product offer sets and prices follow certain distribution, we show that randomization has the potential to elevate the total revenue to the exact efficient frontier, a feat that the static problem may fail to achieve (with a given total choice probability). For dynamic joint product selection and pricing, we find that the optimal policy adopts a simple time-threshold structure that can be precomputed. Furthermore, we illustrate the robustness of our methodology by extending the analysis to a variety of general settings, including the nested logit model. Managerial implications: The proposed methodology contributes to the increasingly popular topic in retail management by significantly reducing the computational complexity of joint product offering and pricing under different constraints. Our results regarding the effects of product set constraints and price bounds provide valuable insights and guidance to practitioners on product offering and pricing in various business scenarios. Funding: C. Ke acknowledges financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grant 72101113]. L. Lu acknowledges financial support from the Hong Kong Research Grants Council [Grants 26501021 and 16502423]. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2022.0164 .
Parental experience of change following VIPP-SD in families with preschool children with externalizing behavior: A qualitative interview study
Authors: Lassen Nina M. , Steenhoff Tine , Cleal Bryan , Frees Amanda , Væver Mette S. 
Published: January 2025

Background
Insensitive parenting and ineffective disciplinary strategies are known risk factors for child externalizing behavior. The Video-feedback Intervention to promote Positive Parenting and Sensitive Discipline (VIPP-SD) has documented effect in promoting sensitive parenting, but little is known on how VIPP-SD is experienced by parents. This study explores how parents of preschool children with externalizing behaviors experience change following VIPP-SD delivered by trained childcare providers.

Methods
Individual qualitative semi-structured interviews were conducted with 9 mothers and 2 fathers to explore the parents’ experiences of change following the intervention. Data were analyzed using Braun and Clarke’s reflexive thematic analysis.

Results
Four themes were generated: 1) “All of her behavior is actually just a result of how she feels, right?”—Enhanced parental understanding, 2) Meeting the child’s needs in comfort and in play, 3) Learning to prevent and manage conflicts is essential–diverse experiences of gains and progress, 4) “I’m actually not a bad parent”–new positive perspectives.

Conclusion
Parents experienced an enhanced capacity to understand their child and positive development in their parenting behavior, skills and confidence as well as improvements in the parent-child relationship after receiving VIPP-SD. Findings also suggest potential areas for adaptation of VIPP-SD when intervening in families with a child exhibiting externalizing behaviors, as parental experiences of gains related to conflict management varied. Further research on this matter is recommended.
A qualitative study to understand the facilitators of and barriers to retention in care to the national PMTCT Option B+ programme in Uganda
Authors: Kyomugisha-Nuwagaba Charity , King Rachel , Baryamutuma Rose , Muhumuza Simon , Kisakye Linda N. , Bazeyo William , Akello Evelyn 
Published: January 2025

Introduction
Effective prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT) programmes require women and their infants to have access to a cascade of HIV care and treatment interventions. Retention in care reduces the risk of vertical transmission and opportunistic infections among mothers living with HIV. Uganda has made great strides in ensuring the success of the prevention of mother to child transmission program. Although an increasing number of people living with HIV (PLHIV) in Uganda are benefiting from the rapid scale-up of antiretroviral therapy (ART), retention in HIV care and treatment services remains a major concern. Identifying and understanding the reasons for dropping out of care among mothers enrolled in the Option B+ program among those who were retained and those who dropped out is key to inform policy and program practice.

Methods
We conducted a qualitative study to understand the facilitators of retention and reasons for loss to follow-up among HIV positive mothers in central Uganda who engaged in the Option B+ program. We conducted 29 focus group discussions (FGDs) with Village Health Teams (VHT) and ‘Peer Mothers’. We performed 21 in depth interviews (IDI) with mothers who had been lost to follow up during the post-partum period, and 27 among those who remained in care. These were conducted in 18 districts in Central Uganda.

Results
Participants identified barriers and facilitators to retention in HIV care. Barriers included self-stigma and fear of disclosure, mental health challenges, community perceptions, poor health provider attitudes and structural challenges, lack of transportation and food, long waiting time at health facilities and client mobility. Both the clients retained and not retained in care discussed mental illness, feeling sick and competing priorities as barriers. Facilitators for retention in care included adequate community support systems, early initiation on ART, giving birth to HIV negative children and economic stability. These were noted as key enabling factors for retention. It was also highlighted that presence of friendly clinic staff members, scheduling reminders were important aspects of retention.

Conclusion
Findings highlighting barriers covering personal, interpersonal, structural and community suggest that developing client-centered models addressing social and community barriers and provide more holistic services is key to retaining mother-infant pairs in care. Emphasis on the use of community health workers and provision of financing, as well as institutionalization of quality improvement would provide alternatives for overcoming barriers to retention in care.
Comparative analysis of salivary antimicrobial resistance genes in dental students: A PCR and questionnaire study
Authors: Mohammed Marwan Mansoor , Sekar Priyadharshini , Al Jamal Jahida , Abu Taha Lujayn , Bachir Asma , Al Kawas Sausan 
Published: January 2025

Introduction
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major global healthcare challenge, with limited treatment options due to the decline in new antibiotics. The human oral cavity, home to diverse bacteria, is crucial for maintaining oral and systemic health. Recent studies suggest that saliva may serve as a reservoir for AMR genes. However, there is a lack of research on this topic in the UAE and most Middle Eastern countries. This study investigated the presence of AMR genes in saliva from forty 5th-year dental students and forty 1st-year dental students.

Materials & methods
Demographic and health information was collected via a 28-question structured questionnaire. Real-Time PCR was used to detect a panel of preselected AMR genes in bacterial DNA from saliva samples.

Results
Participants’ ages ranged from 20 to 31 years, with 41 females and 39 males. The prevalence of AMR genes varied: blaCTX-M grp 1 (29%), blaCTX-M grp 9 (85%), blaCTX-M grp 8 (39%), blaOXA-48 (69%), blaKPC-1 (6%), blaVIM (49%), DHA (53%), ACC (25%), MOX (59%), armA (83%), and rmtB (63%). There were no significant differences in AMR gene prevalence between 5th-year and 1st-year students or between male and female students.

Conclusion
The study revealed a high occurrence of AMR genes in the oral microbiome. Comprehensive metagenomic analysis is recommended to further evaluate the prevalence and relative abundance of these genes in the UAE population. Establishing a database for these ARGs could aid in effective future monitoring.
Non-linear dose-response relationship between uterine artery pulsatility index and risk of preeclampsia in early pregnancy: A secondary analysis based on a nested cohort study
Authors: Wang Shaou , Dong Hao 
Published: January 2025

Background
Previous studies have shown that higher uterine artery pulsatility index (UtA-PI) values in early pregnancy have predictive value for the risk of preeclampsia (PE). However, the sensitivity and specificity of this marker remain controversial. This study aims to explore further the association between UtA-PI in early pregnancy and the incidence of preeclampsia.

Methods
A total of 5000 pregnant women who underwent prenatal examination and delivery at the same hospital were included in this nested cohort study. And the PI values of left and right uterine arteries of the subjects were obtained by transabdominal ultrasound using GE color doppler diagnostic device in early pregnancy (11–13 + 6 weeks), and finally the mean value of both was calculated and recorded as UtA-PI. Among them, 60 pregnant women developed preeclampsia and were randomly divided into a screening group (n = 12) and control group (n = 48) and matched with pregnant women who did not develop preeclampsia during the same period to form a subset for subsequent statistical analysis. A weighted multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between UtA-PI and PE. Additionally, the non-linear relationship between UtA-PI and the incidence of PE was examined using smooth curve fitting and a generalized additive model.

Results
After adjusting for other variables, UtA-PI values were positively correlated with the incidence of PE, and the relationship showed a non-linear U-shaped relationship (inflection point 1.83).

Conclusion
Our study showed a significantly increased risk of PE when UtA-PI exceeded 1.83. This provides a basis for clinicians to identify high-risk pregnant women early and implement timely intervention, which helps to reduce maternal and fetal complications and improve health outcomes.
Molecular Triggers of Non-celiac Wheat Sensitivity: A Scoping Review and Analysis
Authors: An Christine , Yang Jimin , Pinto-Sanchez M. Ines , Verdu Elena F. , Lebwohl Benjamin , Green Peter H. , Alaedini Armin 
Published: January 2025

INTRODUCTION:
Nonceliac wheat sensitivity (NCWS) is characterized by a symptomatic response to the ingestion of foods containing wheat and related cereal grains in the absence of celiac disease or wheat allergy. Despite efforts to identify the constituent component(s) of wheat responsible for triggering NCWS, no consensus has emerged, leading to competing claims. We aimed to systematically evaluate the literature and provide an evidence-based conclusion on the contribution of specific wheat components to NCWS.

METHODS:
A comprehensive search of multiple bibliographic databases was conducted, focusing on primary research. Data were systematically analyzed, and methodological gaps were identified.

RESULTS:
The search identified 175 unique citations, revealing 3 categories of compounds frequently considered as potential triggers of NCWS: gluten, fermentable carbohydrates, and amylase/trypsin inhibitors (ATIs). Among 16 double-blind placebo-controlled studies, 8 reported a greater symptomatic response to gluten than the control. Only 1 controlled study examined fermentable carbohydrates, finding a modest effect, but the tested carbohydrates were not derived from wheat. No eligible studies assessed ATIs or other wheat-related compounds as potential NCWS triggers. Across studies, significant limitations and methodological inconsistencies were noted, particularly in participant selection, challenge protocols, and data reporting.

DISCUSSION:
Gluten is the most extensively investigated wheat component linked to NCWS, but evidence for its role is inconsistent and undermined by methodological limitations. No direct evidence currently links wheat fermentable carbohydrates, ATIs, or other components to NCWS symptoms. The existing evidence is insufficient to justify restricting specific components of wheat in the management of NCWS. Future studies must overcome the identified gaps to rigorously investigate the role of wheat and related cereals in NCWS, with the potential to advance diagnosis and treatment.
STATUS HUKUM TANAH ADAT MASYARAKAT AKUR DI KEC. CIGUGUR KAB. KUNINGAN (STUDI PUTUSAN MAHKAMAH AGUNG NOMOR: 779K/Pdt/2017)
Authors: Hasibuan Fery , Silviana Ana , Triyono Triyono 
Published: January 2025

Hukum adat yang berlaku pada masyarakat AKUR (Adat Karuhun Urang) Sunda Wiwitan di kec. Cigugur kab. Kuningan pemahaman tanah merupakan ikatan yang tidak dapat terputus dan tidak dapat dibagi wariskan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penguasaan, kedudukan atau status tanah masyarakat AKUR dengan meninjau putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor: 779K/Pdt/2017 baik sebelum dan sesudah serta upaya yang dilakukan masyarakat adat untuk mempertahankan tanah adat. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian normatif yang dimana menggunakan peraturan perundang-undangan, putusan pengadilan serta sejarah guna untuk memperoleh gambaran secara rinci dan menjawab isu hukum yang diteliti. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normatif merupakan pendekatan kepustakaan yang berpedoman kepada peraturan-peraturan, dokumen putusan, buku-buku, literatur-literatur hukum dan bahan-bahan hukum lainnya yang memiliki hubungan permasalahan. Hasil penelitian ini bahwa penguasaan tanah adat AKUR sebelum putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor : 779K/Pdt/2017 merupakan tanah adat masyarakat AKUR sementara dalam putusan tersebut memenangkan suatu pihak sebagai ahli waris. Pada saat ini, masyarakat AKUR dalam mempertahankan kepemilikan tanah melalui jalur non litigasi guna untuk menemukan titik terang. Kesimpulannya, status hukum tanah masyarakat AKUR sampai sekarang masih dikuasai oleh suatu pihak.
The clinical presentation and genetic diagnosis of Tangier disease in the pediatric age group
Authors: Öztürk Selcan , Doğan Muhammet Ensar , Kadıoğlu Yılmaz Banu , Güleç Ayten , Soylu Üstkoyuncu Pembe , Kardaş Fatih , Gümüş Hakan , Per Hüseyin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objectives
Tangier disease (TD) is a rare autosomal recessive condition characterized by high-density lipoprotein (HDL) deficiency; involving symptoms of polyneuropathy, hyperplastic orange-yellow tonsils, vision disorder, and sudden cardiac death. The major clinical symptoms of TD may not all be co-present. This study evaluates patients diagnosed with TD in childhood to improve the possibility of early diagnosis of asymptomatic cases by reporting our patients’ clinical characteristics in order to minimize delayed diagnosis and emphasize the importance of TD, easily detected by HDL measurement.

Methods
This retrospective and cross-sectional study investigated seven patients from three different families diagnosed with TD.

Results
Four of seven patients were girls. Median age was 5.7 years at symptom onset and 6.5 years at diagnosis. The index case presented with neuropathy findings, and TD was diagnosed based on genetic analysis. Low lipid levels were determined in a sibling and cousins with cardiac death and gait disturbance in the family. TD was confirmed by genetic investigation. Our other patients were evaluated due to anemia, thrombocytopenia, yellow-orange hypertrophy in the tonsils, and organomegaly. Diagnosis was established with genetic analysis and low HDL. No coronary artery disease or ocular involvement was observed in any case.

Conclusions
All patients presenting with neuropathy and gait disorders should undergo detailed tonsil examinations and HDL tests. Genetic analysis should be carried out if necessary. Family screening should be recommended to patients with consanguineous marriages after diagnosis of TD.