bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Associations between human cytomegalovirus infection and type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Xiaona , Chen Jun , Cao Zhichao , Yu Xuhui 
Published: August 2023

ObjectiveMultiple studies have reported a potential contribution of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) to the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes and post-transplantation diabetes. However, the association between HCMV and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains unclear. In this paper, we employ the meta-analysis approach to investigate the potential correlation between HCMV infection and T2DM.MethodThe data of our study were collected from PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and WAN FANG databases from inception to November 2022. Using the Review Manager V.5.4 software, the meta-analysis was performed.ResultsA total of 18 139 patients from 22 studies were included in our analysis. In the Asian subgroup, the patients with T2DM group had a significantly higher frequency of HCMV infection and older age compared with the healthy group. In the European, the frequency of HCMV infection in the T2DM was lower than the healthy group, although this difference was not statistically significant. After adjusting for demographic factors, the adjusted OR of T2DM for risk of by HCMV status was not found to be significant (adjusted OR=1.19, 95% CI=0.88 to 1.62, p>0.05). Additionally, T2DM with vasculopathy had a significantly higher rate of HCMV infection compared with those without vasculopathy (OR=1.87, 95% CI=1.24 to 2.83, p<0.05). Among T2DM with HCMV infection, there were significant increases in fasting blood glucose levels and the proportion of CD8+ T lymphocytes. Conversely, fasting blood insulin levels, the proportion of CD4+ T lymphocyte and the CD4+/CD8+ ratio were significantly decreased compared with the healthy group.ConclusionAt present, the available evidence does not provide a clear understanding of whether there is a significant association between T2DM and HCMV infection. Additionally, T2DM with HCMV infection exhibited significantly worse blood glucose regulation and immune markers, as well as a higher frequency of vasculopathy.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42022342066.
Safer medicines To reduce falls and refractures for OsteoPorosis (#STOP): a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial of medical specialist-initiated pharmacist-led medication management reviews in primary care
Authors: Moles Rebekah Jane , Perry Lin , Naylor Justine M , Center Jacqueline , Ebeling Peter , Duque Gustavo , Major Gabor , White Christopher , Yates Christopher , Jennings Matthew , Kotowicz Mark , Tran Thach , Bliuc Dana , Si Lei , Gibson Kathryn , Basger Benjamin Joseph , Bolton Patrick , Barnett Stephen , Hassett Geraldine , Kelly Ayano , Bazarnik Barbara , Ezz Wafaa , Luckie Kate , Carter Stephen Ross 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionMinimal trauma fractures (MTFs) often occur in older patients with osteoporosis and may be precipitated by falls risk-increasing drugs. One category of falls risk-increasing drugs of concern are those with sedative/anticholinergic properties. Collaborative medication management services such as Australia’s Home Medicine Review (HMR) can reduce patients’ intake of sedative/anticholinergics and improve continuity of care. This paper describes a protocol for an randomised controlled trial to determine the efficacy of an HMR service for patients who have sustained MTF.Method and analysisEligible participants are as follows: ≥65 years of age, using ≥5 medicines including at least one falls risk-increasing drug, who have sustained an MTF and under treatment in one of eight Osteoporosis Refracture Prevention clinics in Australia. Consenting participants will be randomised to control (standard care) or intervention groups. For the intervention group, medical specialists will refer to a pharmacist for HMR focused on reducing falls risk predominately through making recommendations to reduce falls risk medicines, and adherence to antiosteoporosis medicines. Twelve months from treatment allocation, comparisons between groups will be made. The main outcome measure is participants’ cumulative exposure to sedative and anticholinergics, using the Drug Burden Index. Secondary outcomes include medication adherence, emergency department visits, hospitalisations, falls and mortality. Economic evaluation will compare the intervention strategy with standard care.Ethics and disseminationApproval was obtained via the New South Wales Research Ethics and Governance Information System (approval number: 2021/ETH12003) with site-specific approvals granted through Human Research Ethics Committees for each research site. Study outcomes will be published in peer-reviewed journals. It will provide robust insight into effectiveness of a pharmacist-based intervention on medicine-related falls risk for patients with osteoporosis. We anticipate that this study will take 2 years to fully accrue including follow-up.Trial registration numberACTRN12622000261718.
Development of a subset of the international classification of functioning, disability and health as a basis for a questionnaire for community-dwelling older adults aged 75 and above in primary care: a consensus study
Authors: Rink Laura , Tomandl Johanna , Womser Sonja , Kühlein Thomas , Sebastião Maria 
Published: August 2023

ObjectivesFunctioning of older adults needs to be adequately described before it can become the focus of care. The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) provides a basis for describing functioning. As the ICF is too extensive for daily practice in primary care, there is a need for a reduced number of categories. The aim is to develop an ICF-subset for community-dwelling older adults aged 75 and above in primary care.DesignThe scientific basis for decision-making in our consensus study was laid by four preparatory studies, identifying potentially relevant ICF categories from four perspectives (research, patients’, experts’ and clinical perspective). The results of the preparatory phase were discussed by an international expert panel in a consensus study following the Nominal Group Technique (NGT).SettingAn international 1-day online consensus conference.ParticipantsInternational experts (n=7) participated in the consensus conference, meeting the following criteria: extensive expertise in the field of the ICF and/or caring for older adults, and being fluent in English.ResultsEach preparatory study yielded a different number of categories with some overlaps but also differences. The expert panel decided to: (1) restrict the subset to second-level categories and reduce the number of categories from the preparatory phase, (2) limit the subset to the component activities and participation and (3) weight the patients’ perspective as the most relevant one.ConclusionsBy using consensus techniques and the NGT, the process led to 51 second-level ICF categories to describe the functioning of community-dwelling older adults. The decisions made in the consensus conference emphasised the importance of considering the individual life situation from a more holistic perspective and addressing functioning as a focus of care. Next, the 51 categories will contribute to the development of an ICF-based questionnaire.
Psychosocial interventions for the prevention of self-harm repetition: protocol for a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Orri Massimiliano , Gifuni Anthony J , Ougrin Dennis , Boruff Jill , Cipriani Andrea , Furukawa Toshiaki A , Schaffer Dalia , Del Giovane Cinzia , Inja Ayla , Turecki Gustavo , Geoffroy Marie-Claude , Cortese Samuele 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionSuicide is an important public health problem. Providing evidence-based psychosocial interventions to individuals presenting with self-harm is recognised as an important suicide prevention strategy. Therefore, it is crucial to understand which intervention is most effective in preventing self-harm repetition. We will evaluate the comparative efficacy of psychosocial interventions for the prevention of self-harm in adults.Methods and analysisWe will perform a systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA) of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) testing psychosocial interventions for the prevention of self-harm repetition. We will include RCTs in adults (mean age: 18 years or more) who presented with self-harm in the 6 months preceding enrolment in the trial. Interventions will be categorised according to their similarities and underpinning theoretical approaches (eg, cognitive behavioural therapy, case management). A health sciences librarian will update and adapt the search strategy from the most recent Cochrane pairwise systematic review on this topic. The searches will be performed in MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), PsycInfo (Ovid), CINAHL (EBSCO), Cochrane Central (Wiley), Cochrane Protocols (Wiley), LILACS and PSYNDEX from 1 July 2020 (Cochrane review last search date) to 1 September 2023. The primary efficacy outcome will be self-harm repetition. Secondary outcomes will include suicide mortality, suicidal ideation and depressive symptoms. Retention in treatment (ie, drop-outs rates) will be analysed as the main acceptability outcome. Two reviewers will independently assess the study eligibility and risk of bias (using RoB-2). An NMA will be performed to synthesise all direct and indirect comparisons. Ranked forest plots and Vitruvian plots will be used to represent graphically the results of the NMA. Credibility of network estimates will be evaluated using Confidence in NMA (CINeMA).Ethics and disseminationAs this is the protocol for an aggregate-data level NMA, ethical approval will not be required. Results will be disseminated at national/international conferences and in peer-review journals.Trial registration numberCRD42021273057.
Argipressin for prevention of blood loss during liver resection: a study protocol for a randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blinded trial (ARG-01)
Authors: Wisén Ellinor , Kvarnström Andreas , Sand-Bown Lena , Rizell Magnus , Pivodic Aldina , Ricksten Sven-Erik , Svennerholm Kristina 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionLiver resection carries a high risk for extensive bleeding and need for blood transfusions, which is associated with significant negative impact on outcome. In malignant disease, the most common indication for surgery, it also includes increased risk for recurrence of cancer. Argipressin decreases liver and portal blood flow and may have the potential to reduce bleeding during liver surgery, although this has not been explored.Method and analysisARG-01 is a prospective, randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blinded study on 248 patients undergoing liver resection at Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Sweden. Patients will be randomised to one of two parallel groups, infusion of argipressin or normal saline administered peroperatively. The primary endpoint is peroperative blood loss. Secondary outcomes include need for blood transfusion, perioperative variables, length of hospital stay, the inflammatory response, organ damage markers and complications at 30 days.Ethics and disseminationThe study is enrolling patients since March 2022. The trial is approved by the Swedish Ethical Review Authority (Dnr 2021-03557) and the Swedish Medical Product Agency (Dnr 5.1-2021-90115). Results will be announced at scientific meetings and in international peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration numberClinicalTrials.gov,NCT05293041and EudraCT, 2021-001806-32
Contribution of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in the diagnosis of adnexal torsion (AGATA): protocol for a prospective comparative study
Authors: Pillot Rémi , Hossu Gabriela , Cherifi Aboubaker , Guillez Kévin , Morel Olivier , Beaumont Marine , Fijean Anne-Laure , Bertholdt Charline 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionAdnexal torsion is a surgical emergency and its prognosis depends on the time elapsed prior to treatment. The diagnosis relies on pelvic ultrasound in which sensitivity remains low and may lead to misdiagnosis.The primary objective is to evaluate the diagnostic performance of contrast-enhanced ultrasound for the diagnosis of adnexal torsion in women with suspected adnexal torsion. The secondary objectives are: (1) to describe the perfusion parameters of the ovaries by contrast-enhanced ultrasound, (2) to compare diagnostic performance of contrast ultrasound with bidimensional (2D) Doppler for the detection of adnexal torsion, (3) to describe the perfusion parameters of the ovarian as a function of the degree of adnexal torsion, (4) to compare perfusion parameters before and after ovarian detorsion and (5) to describe perfusion parameters of the ovarian by using MicroVascular Flow technique.Methods and analysisThis is a monocentric, prospective comparative, non-randomised, open and interventional study. We hypothesise to include 30 women: 20 positive cases compared with 10 control cases. Women are informed and recruited in the emergency ward, over a period of 36 months.The primary endpoint is the signal intensity measurement to assess sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of contrast-enhanced ultrasound for detection of adnexal torsion in women with suspected adnexal torsion. The presence or absence of adnexal torsion is confirmed during the surgical intervention.Ethics and disseminationThe study was approved by the French Ethics Committee, the CPP (Comité de Protection des Personnes) OUEST I on 3 July 2020 with reference number 2020T1-16. The results of this study will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and will be presented at relevant conferences.Trial registration numberClinicalTrials.gov registry (NCT04522219); EudraCT registry (2020-000993-27).
Exploring regional healthcare utilisation and quality of care for endometriosis in rural areas in Hesse, Germany: a mixed methods study protocol
Authors: Brauer Lara , Geraedts Max 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionThe need of a regional healthcare monitoring in order to evaluate quality and utilisation of health services in smaller scale is internationally and in Germany well established. Little is known about variation in healthcare in rural German areas, especially for women’s health. In particular, endometriosis is highly prevalent and known to be unsatisfactorily treated. Thus, this study aims to investigate utilisation and quality of care, the influence of structural determinants on quality and the patient’s experiences on endometriosis healthcare in rural Hesse.Methods and analysisWe will use a mixed methods approach to ensure reliable mapping of the care situation for endometriosis patients in seven counties in Central and Eastern Hesse. First, retrospective secondary utilisation data and quality indicators will be used to describe possible regional variation in the treatment of endometriosis in the outpatient and inpatient sector. Second, we compare structural determinants of regions with quality of care. Third, we conduct qualitative, semistructured interviews with endometriosis patients on their perspective and experiences in those chosen rural regions. Data will then be analysed using descriptive statistics, small area variation analyses and multifactorial analyses of variance (ANOVAs). The interview will be interpreted using the experience-focused phenomenological approach.Ethics and disseminationThe study has been approved by the ethics committee of Philipps-University Marburg. Utilisation data and structural determinants are anonymised and partly aggregated. The interview will use tokens for pseudonymisation to prevent the collected data from being assigned to an individual person. Also, informed consent will be obtained from patients.The results of this study will be reported to the scientific community in peer-reviewed journals and at conferences. A summary of the key findings will be provided to the interviewed patients and theEndometriosis Association Germany.
Two-loop infrared renormalization with on-shell methods
Authors: Baratella Pietro , Maggio Sara , Stadlbauer Michael , Theil Tobias 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWithin the framework proposed by Caron-Huot and Wilhelm, we give a recipe for computing infrared anomalous dimensions purely on-shell, efficiently up to two loops in any massless theory. After introducing the general formalism and reviewing the one-loop recipe, we extract a practical formula that relates two-loop infrared anomalous dimensions to certain two- and three-particle phase space integrals with tree-level form factors of conserved operators. We finally provide several examples of the use of the two-loop formula and comment on some of its formal aspects, especially the cancellation of ‘one-loop squared’ spurious terms. The present version of the paper is augmented with a detailed treatment of the structure of infrared divergences in massless theories of scalars and fermions up to two loops. In the calculation we encounter divergent phase space integrals and show in detail how these cancel among each other as required by the finiteness of the anomalous dimension. As a non-trivial check of the method, we also perform the computation with a standard diagrammatic approach, finding perfect agreement.
Monte Carlo simulations of the underwater detection of illicit war remnants with neutron-based sensors
Authors: Silarski Michał , Sibczyński Paweł , Bezshyyko Oleg , Kapłon Łukasz , Kumar Vinod , Niedźwiecki Szymon , Nowakowski Marek , Moskal Paweł , Sharma Sushil , Sobczuk Franciszek 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn recent years, the demand for accurate detection and identification of hazardous substances in an aquatic environment, especially in the Baltic Sea, has seen a significant rise, with a specific focus on unexploded ordnance (UXO) containing conventional explosives and various chemical agents, including, but not limited to, mustard gas, Clark I and II and other lethal compounds. These substances pose a significant threat to human health and the environment, and their identification is crucial for effective demining and environmental protection efforts. In this article, a novel approach for fast, remote, and non-destructive recognition of dangerous substances based on a SABAT sensor installed on an ROV is described. The performance of the proposed neutron-based sensor in an aquatic environment was verified based on a series of Monte Carlo simulations for mustard gas, Clark I and II, and TNT, as they are the most common chemical threats at the bottom of the Baltic Sea. The sensor’s ability to accurately discriminate hazardous and non-hazardous materials is described in the paper in terms of the ratio of chlorine to hydrogen (Cl/H), carbon to oxygen (C/O), and nitrogen to hydrogen (N/H) activation lines integrals. The authors also discussed the future directions of work to validate SABAT (Stoichiometry Analysis By Activation Techniques) sensors in the operational environment.
FDA Approval Summary: Pirtobrutinib for Relapsed or Refractory Mantle Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Telaraja Deepti , Kasamon Yvette L. , Collazo Justin S. , Leong Ruby , Wang Kun , Li Ping , Dahmane Elyes , Yang Yuching , Earp Justin , Grimstein Manuela , Rodriguez Lisa R. , Theoret Marc R. , Gormley Nicole J. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In January 2023, the FDA granted accelerated approval to pirtobrutinib for the treatment of adult patients with relapsed or refractory mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) after at least two lines of systemic therapy, including a Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor. Approval was based on BRUIN, a single-arm study of pirtobrutinib monotherapy in patients with B-cell malignancies. Efficacy was based on independent review committee–assessed overall response rate (ORR) supported by durability of response in 120 patients with relapsed or refractory MCL who had received a prior BTK inhibitor and received the approved pirtobrutinib dosage of 200 mg once daily. The ORR was 50% [95% confidence interval (CI), 41–59], and the complete response rate was 13% (95% CI, 7–20), with an estimated median duration of response of 8.3 months. The most common nonhematologic adverse reactions were fatigue, musculoskeletal pain, diarrhea, edema, dyspnea, pneumonia, and bruising. Warnings and Precautions in labeling include infection, hemorrhage, cytopenias, atrial arrhythmias, and second primary malignancies. Postmarketing studies were required to evaluate longer-term safety of pirtobrutinib and to verify the clinical benefit of pirtobrutinib. This article summarizes key aspects of the regulatory review, including the indication statement, efficacy and safety considerations, and postmarketing requirements.
BCL2 Inhibition Reveals a Dendritic Cell–Specific Immune Checkpoint That Controls Tumor Immunosurveillance
Authors: Zhao Liwei , Liu Peng , Mao Misha , Zhang Shuai , Bigenwald Camille , Dutertre Charles-Antoine , Lehmann Christian H.K. , Pan Hui , Paulhan Nicolas , Amon Lukas , Buqué Aitziber , Yamazaki Takahiro , Galluzzi Lorenzo , Kloeckner Benoit , Silvin Aymeric , Pan Yuhong , Chen Hui , Tian Ai-Ling , Ly Pierre , Dudziak Diana , Zitvogel Laurence , Kepp Oliver , Kroemer Guido 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

We developed a phenotypic screening platform for the functional exploration of dendritic cells (DC). Here, we report a genome-wide CRISPR screen that revealed BCL2 as an endogenous inhibitor of DC function. Knockout of BCL2 enhanced DC antigen presentation and activation as well as the capacity of DCs to control tumors and to synergize with PD-1 blockade. The pharmacologic BCL2 inhibitors venetoclax and navitoclax phenocopied these effects and caused a cDC1-dependent regression of orthotopic lung cancers and fibrosarcomas. Thus, solid tumors failed to respond to BCL2 inhibition in mice constitutively devoid of cDC1, and this was reversed by the infusion of DCs. Moreover, cDC1 depletion reduced the therapeutic efficacy of BCL2 inhibitors alone or in combination with PD-1 blockade and treatment with venetoclax caused cDC1 activation, both in mice and in patients. In conclusion, genetic and pharmacologic BCL2 inhibition unveils a DC-specific immune checkpoint that restrains tumor immunosurveillance.

Significance:
BCL2 inhibition improves the capacity of DCs to stimulate anticancer immunity and restrain cancer growth in an immunocompetent context but not in mice lacking cDC1 or mature T cells. This study indicates that BCL2 blockade can be used to sensitize solid cancers to PD-1/PD-L1–targeting immunotherapy.
This article is featured in Selected Articles from This Issue, p. 2293
Human Rights and the Global Plastics Treaty to Protect Health, Ocean Ecosystems and Our Climate
Authors: O’Meara Noreen 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The global plastics pollution crisis has multiple visible and invisible effects on marine, land and air environments. Fossil fuel-based plastics production is projected to triple by 2060, driving a plastics lifecycle that exacerbates climate change, contaminates ecosystems and poses risks to human rights, especially the human right to health. Existing governance measures help tackle plastics waste pollution but cannot effectively address its systemic nature. Drafting a Global Plastics Treaty, due for adoption in 2025, is an opportunity to design ambitious international plastics governance. This article argues for a human rights-based approach to the proposed treaty’s framing and substance by integrating, in particular, the human right to health, supplemented by the human right to a healthy environment. Embedding human rights considerations through a precautionary and preventative approach, shifting responsibility to polluters and showing concern for intergenerational equity would combat plastics pollution, accelerate climate action, protect ocean ecosystems and safeguard human rights.