bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding gender and its intersection with social stratifiers on prevention and care seeking behavior of Lymphatic Filariasis in Nepal
Authors: Arjyal Abriti , Parajuli Ayuska , Kharel Chandani , Barrio Mariam Otmani Del , Baral Sushil C 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background: Lymphatic Filariasis (LF), is a debilitating and painful neglected tropical disease and is one of the leading causes of permanent disability. Division of work within and outside the household and everyday practices influenced by sex and gender intersect with other demographics and social stratifiers that influence exposure to LF, which ultimately impact on disease burden. Hence, this study aimed to explore the influence of gender and its intersection with other social stratifiers for the prevention and care seeking behavior of LF in Nepal.Methods: This qualitative study was conducted using in-depth interviews (IDIs) and focus group discussions (FGDs) as methods for data collection in Bardiya district. Total 22 IDIs and 2 FGDs were conducted with purposively selected adult male and female aged ≥18 years, residing in the selected area for over a year. The data collection was conducted between January and March 2020. The study received ethical approval from Nepal Health Research Council (Reg. no. 656/2019) and Ethics Review Committee of WHO, Geneva.Results: Men spend more time outside their household compared to women while fulfilling their roles and responsibilities which was largely determined by what is socially acceptable. Thus, limited men’s access to preventive health services as they often missed mass drug administration (MDA) programme held every year in their community and had limited resources to adopt preventive measures to protect themselves from mosquito bites while travelling. The ability to prevent exposure varied when some did not have adequate bed nets for all family members. Although, women in most cases made decision on the selection, purchase and use of protective methods, it was influenced by the patriarchal and gender norms as they felt their responsibility to take care of the family members and thus prioritized male, children and elderly members of the household in case of limited availability. Gender, marital status, ethnicity and geographical areas intersected and influenced individual’s ability to access source of information. There existed sex and religion wise differences on preference of health facilities.Conclusion: Access to resources, division of work, norms and values and decision-making power alone and its interaction with various social stratifiers shaped peoples’ vulnerability to disease, ability to prevent exposure and response to illness.Trial registration: Not Applicable
Multimedia Display of Wushu Intangible Cultural Heritage Based on Interactive System and Artificial Intelligence
Authors: CUI Jinghui , FU Limin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
With the rapid development of the information age, various forms of digitalization have facilitated people's various lives, but digitalization has also brought crisis to people. The most obvious is that in the digital era, the original living environment of intangible cultural heritage of martial arts and its traditional development and protection mode have become less and less compatible with the digital era. Therefore, its development is currently facing difficulties, even endangered problems. Based on this phenomenon, this paper combines artificial intelligence technology and interactive system to establish an intelligent multimedia display interactive system for intangible cultural heritage of martial arts. In this system, the martial artist's moving image can be captured by the action image acquisition device, and the collected image sequence can be calculated and analyzed. The system host "remembers" the martial artist's action. The main functions of the system, such as random flow, click and zoom, multi-point movement and printing, are all in the charge of the picture control module; Video playback, full screen display and ring button control functions are mainly completed by the video control module. The experimental results show that the task time of using interactive system to locate visual objects with massive information in icon materials is significantly faster than that of using no interactive highlighting system. Therefore, we can preliminarily determine that the interactive system can improve the performance of target positioning in massive information. In this paper, the interactive system and artificial intelligence technology are applied to the intangible cultural heritage of martial arts, which has played a role in promoting its development.
Application of Internet big data analysis technology based on deep learning in tourism marketing performance evaluation
Authors: Su Xiaoguang , Yin Wei 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Marketing through the network is the basic marketing method in the information age. It has certain marketing value, and its position has gradually become stable. It has become the mainstream marketing method, especially praised by the tourism industry, which has injected fresh blood into this field. As the development of tourism market is dynamic, businesses will consider the needs of tourists when paying attention to its development process, so as to design performance evaluation criteria for tourism marketing. Under this research background, this paper has completed the Internet marketing performance evaluation system for the tourism market by introducing big data analysis technology and in-depth learning technology. This system can effectively evaluate the actual development of the tourism industry, and the system design comprehensively considers the 360-degree performance appraisal and balanced integral models. Based on the actual tourism data of a certain place, this study summarizes some additional evaluation indicators, thus improving the evaluation model and laying the foundation for the introduction of data and model construction process of AHP. According to the principle of maximum membership, the following experimental results can be obtained: due to the poor performance evaluation results of a scenic spot, its membership is the largest. It can be seen from this that the Internet marketing performance evaluation system for the tourism market has practical application value and can effectively analyze market performance. This paper improves the performance evaluation system by introducing in-depth learning and big data analysis technology into the tourism market performance analysis.
Protective effects and mechanisms of auricular vagus nerve stimulation in the alleviation of acute ischemic cerebral injury in mice
Authors: Chang Cher-Chia , Liou Kuo-Tong , Wang Yea-Hwey , Hsu Chih-hung , Shen Yuh-Chiang , Yen Jiin-Cherng 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Stroke is a major cause of death and long-term disability. Although numerous treatments have shown neuroprotective effects in animal models of ischemic stroke, their clinical efficacy and safety remain to be further investigated. Previous studies have indicated that vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) may reduce cerebral damage in ischemic stroke, but the specific mechanisms by which VNS achieves this effect in murine cerebral ischemic stroke injury are unclear. In this study, an animal model was designed to investigate the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of auricular vagus nerve stimulation (aVNS) in mice with acute ischemic stroke induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and reperfusion injury. We focused particularly on the involvement of α4-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α4-nAChR) and the molecular signaling pathways mediated by aVNS. Mobility of the animals after acute ischemic stroke, infarct volume, and expression of neuroprotective and damaging factors were analyzed to understand the therapeutic effect and protective mechanism of aVNS on ischemic stroke. Our findings demonstrate that aVNS treatment improved mobility and reduced cerebral infarct volume after acute ischemic stroke. Additionally, administration of α4-nAChR antagonists reversed the protective effects of aVNS on ischemic stroke. Our mechanistic investigations revealed that aVNS mediates protective effects against acute ischemic stroke by reducing inflammatory and apoptotic factors, while enhancing neuronal regeneration factors, through activation of α4-nAChR and the GSK3β/β-catenin pathway. Our results provide clear evidence supporting the use of aVNS as a neuroprotective treatment for ischemic stroke in mice.
The relationship between serum Resolvin D1, NLRP3, cytokine levels, and adolescents with first-episode medication-naïve major depressive disorder
Authors: Guo Jiamei , Zhang Tanwei , Chen Wanjun , Tan Jianyu , Li Xiao , Zheng Anhai , Fu Yixiao , Qiu Tian 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: Inflammation has become a critical pathological mechanism of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). NLRP3 is a critical inflammatory pathway to maintain the immune balance. Recently, evidence showed that Resolvin D1(RvD1) might be a new antidepressant choice due to its protective effects through the inhibition of neuroinflammation. However, whether they have clinical value in the diagnosis and treatment evaluation of adolescent depression was unclear.
Methods: Forty-eight untreated first-episode adolescent patients with moderate to severe major depressive disorder, as well as 30 healthy adolescents (HCs, age and gender-matched), were enrolled for this study. Their ages ranged from 13 to 18 (15.75± 1.36) years. The patients were treated with fluoxetine for 6-8 weeks. HDRS-17 was used to evaluate the severity of depressive symptoms. Venous blood samples were collected at baseline (patients b and HCs) and after treatment (only patients). Serum concentrations of RvD1, NLRP3, IL-1β, IL-18, and IL-4 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) pre- and post-fluoxetine treatment.
Results: Serum levels of RvD1 and anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-4 were significantly elevated in adolescents with MDD compared to healthy adolescents, but no significant difference in NLRP3, IL-1β, and IL-18 between the two groups. Meanwhile, RvD1 (positively) and IL-4 (negatively) were correlated with the severity of symptoms (HDRS-17 scores) after adjusting age, gender, and BMI. Interestingly, fluoxetine treatment significantly reduced the serum levels of RvD1, NLRP3, IL-1β, and IL-18 in MDD adolescents but increased the levels of IL-4 relative to baseline. Furthermore, we observed that serum levels of RvD1 might be an excellent distinguishing indicator for depression and healthy adolescents.
Conclusions: Our study is the first to compare RvD1 and NLRP3 between adolescent MDD and HCs. Our findings of reactive increase of RvD1 in adolescent MDD comprised a novel and critical contribution.Our results showed the presence of inflammation resolution unbalanced in adolescents with MDD and indicated that RvD1 might be an ideal biomarker for diagnosing and treating adolescent MDD.
Adjuvant chemotherapy in T3 upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma: retrospective cohort study
Authors: Chang Yi-Huei , Hsiao Po-Jen , Weng Han-Yu , Tai Ta-Yao , Yeh Hsin-Chih , Lee Hsiang-Ying , Huang Chao-Yuan , Chen Chung-Hsin , Tsai Yao-Chou , Yu Chih-Chin , Tsai Chung-You , Cheng Pai-Yu , Hsueh Thomas Y. , Chiu Allen W. , Jiang Yuan-Hong , Lee Yu-Khun , Chen Yung-Tai , Chuech Leonard S. , Chiang Bing-Juin , Huang Hsu-Che , Chen I-Hsuan Alan , Lin Jen-Tai , Lin Wei Yu , Hu Su-Wei , Fang Jen-Kai , Hsu Hui-Tsung , Chung Chi-Jung , Huang Chi-Ping 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
The benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy was investigated for patients with T3 upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) who underwent radical nephroureterectomy.
Methods
This is a multicenter retrospective observational study of 482 patients with pathological T3 N0 and Nx UTUC who underwent radical nephroureterectomy with and without adjuvant chemotherapy. The median overall survival (OS), cancer-specific survival (CSS), and disease-free survival (DFS) of patients who received adjuvant chemotherapy were analyzed to determine predictors of patient prognosis.
Results
Of the 482 patients, 140 (29.0%) received adjuvant chemotherapy. Adjuvant chemotherapy showed a benefit only for the median DFS rate (58% vs 49%; p = 0.04). Multivariate analyses revealed that adjuvant chemotherapy improved median DFS (HR 0.537; CI 0.35–0.83; p = 0.005). Surgical margin also significantly influenced median OS (HR 4.038; p < 0.001), CSS (HR 3.926; p < 0.001), and DFS (HR 3.201; p < 0.001).
Conclusions
Adjuvant chemotherapy improved DFS but did not improve OS or CSS in patients with pathological T3 N0 and Nx UTUC.
GenArk: Towards a million UCSC Genome Browsers
Authors: Clawson Hiram , Lee Brian T , Barber Galt P , Casper Jonathan , Diekhans Mark , Fischer Clay , Gonzalez Jairo Navarro , Hinrichs Angie S , Lee Christopher M , Nassar Luis R , Perez Gerardo , Wick Brittney , Schmelter Daniel , Speir Matthew L , Armstrong Joel , Zweig Ann S , Kuhn Robert M , Kirilenko Bogdan M , Hiller Michael , Kent William J , Haussler David , Haeussler Maximilian 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Interactive graphical genome browsers are essential tools for biologists working with DNA sequences. Although tens of thousands of new genome assemblies have become available over the last decade, accessibility is limited by the work involved in manually creating browsers and curating annotations. The results can push the limits of data storage infrastructure. To facilitate managing this increasing number of genome assemblies, we created the Genome Archive (GenArk) collection of UCSC Genome Browsers from assemblies hosted at NCBI(1). Built on our established assembly hub system, this collection enables fast, on-demand visualization of chromosome regions without requiring a database server. Available annotations include gene models, some mapped through whole-genome alignments, repeat masks, GC content, and others. We also modified our popular BLAT(2) aligner and in-silico PCR to support a large number of genomes using limited RAM. Users can upload additional annotations themselves via track hubs(3) and custom tracks. We can import more annotations in bulk from third-party resources, demonstrated here with TOGA(4) gene models. 2,430 GenArk assemblies are listed at https://hgdownload.soe.ucsc.edu/hubs/ and can be found by searching on the main UCSC gateway page. We will continue to add human high-quality assemblies and for other organisms, we are looking forward to receiving requests from the research community for ever more browsers and whole-genome alignments via http://genome.ucsc.edu/assemblyRequest.html.
Flow hydrodynamics drive effective fish attraction behaviour into slotted fishway entrances
Authors: Farzadkhoo Maryam , Kingsford Richard T , Suthers Iain M. , Felder Stefan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Effective fishways rely on attracting fish, utilising the natural rheotactic behaviour of fish to orient into an attraction flow near the entrance. Despite the critical importance of attraction, understanding of the hydrodynamics of vertical slot entrances in relation to fish behaviour remains poor. Herein, hydrodynamic measurements of flows at slotted fishway entrances were experimented with two different designs, two velocities, three water depths, and two fish species, silver perch (Bidyanus bidyanus) and Australian bass (Percalates novemaculeata). Fish behaviours were tracked in relation to hydrodynamic measures of three-dimensional velocity and turbulent kinetic energy (TKE). There were distinct differences in the attraction flow between entrance designs, irrespective of velocity and water depth. Plain slotted entrance produced a more symmetric flow in the centre of the flume, causing fish to approach the entrance by skirting the core of the attraction jet flow and areas of high turbulence. In contrast, streamlined slotted entrance design resulted in an asymmetric attraction flow which guided fish along the wall of the flume, improving attraction for both species. There were clear patterns in swimming trajectories for silver perch, swimming along the sidewalls of the observation zone towards the entrance, but Australian bass were less predictable, using random routes on their way to the slotted entrance. Both species preferred areas of low turbulence (TKE < 0.02 m2/s2) and the asymmetric attraction flow along one of the sidewalls created by the streamlined entrance improved the fish attraction. This work has important implications for design of vertical slotted entrance systems.
Healthcare leaders’ and elected politicians’ approach to support- systems and requirements for complying with quality and safety regulation in nursing homes – A case study
Authors: Magerøy Malin Rosell , Braut Geir Sverre , Macrae Carl , Wiig Siri 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: Healthcare leaders play an important and complex role in managing and handling the dual responsibility of both Health, Safety and Environment (HSE) for workers and quality and safety for patients (QPS). There is a need for investigation into how healthcare leaders and decision makers organize and create support structures to handle these combined responsibilities in practice. The aim of this study was to explore how healthcare leaders and elected politicians organize, control, and follow up the work of HSE and QPS in a Norwegian nursing home context. Moreover, we explore how they interpret, negotiate, and manage the dual responsibility and possible tensions between employee health and safety, and patient safety and quality of service delivery.
Methods: The study was conducted in 2022 as a case study exploring the experience of healthcare leaders and elected politicians in five municipalities responsible for providing nursing homes services in Norway. Elected politicians (18) and healthcare leaders (11) participated in focus group interviews (5) and individual interviews (11). Data were analyzed using inductive thematic analysis.
Results: The analysis identified five main themes explaining how the healthcare leaders and elected politicians organize, control, and follow up the work of HSE and QPS:
1. Establish frameworks and room for maneuver in the work with HSE and QPS.
2. Create good routines and channels for communication and collaboration.
3. Build a culture for a health-promoting work environment and patient safety.
4. Create systems to handle the possible tensions in the dual responsibility between caring for employees and quality and safety in service delivery.
5. Define clear boundaries in responsibility between politics and administration.
Conclusions: The study showed that healthcare leaders and elected politicians who are responsible for ensuring sound systems for quality and safety for both patients and staff, do experience tensions in handling this dual responsibility. They acknowledge the need to create systems and awareness for the responsibility and argue that there is a need to better separate the roles and boundaries between elected politicians and the healthcare administration in the execution of HSE and QPS.
Delivering Medical Leadership Training Through The Healthcare Leadership Academy: A Four Year Analysis
Authors: Zarif Azmaeen , Bandyopadhyay Soham , Miller George , Malawana Johann 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background
Formal leadership training has typically been targeted at senior health professionals. The Healthcare Leadership Academy (HLA) was formed in 2016 to provide a leadership programme for students and early-career health professionals. This study analyses the effectiveness of the HLA scholarship programme as an intervention for improving interest in, and preparing scholars for, future leadership roles.
Methods
A mixed methods study using responses from a survey developed to collect data on the effectiveness of the HLA Scholarship program in cultivating leadership development. Questions required either multiple-choice, free-text, ranking or Likert scale (‘strongly agree’, ‘agree’, ‘neither agree nor disagree’, ‘disagree’, ‘strongly disagree) responses. Descriptive statistical analyses and qualitative data coding, management, and analysis were conducted.
Results
70 participants who underwent the course between 2016 and 2020 completed the questionnaire. Nearly all (99%) found that the training provided on the programme had equipped them to be more effective leaders, with 86% of respondents stating that they were more likely to take on leadership roles. Nearly all (97.1%) found the course to be either of good or very good quality. Seven themes were identified from free text responses. They were “improved self-awareness by scholars”, “expectations of the organisation”, “guidance to future careers”, “broadening horizons”, “network development”, and a description of the scholars programme as an “enjoyable and accessible course”.
Conclusions
Healthcare leadership is a non-negotiable component of healthcare delivery in the 21st Century. As healthcare professionals, it is our duty to be effective leaders confident and competent in navigating the increasingly-complex systems within which we operate for the benefit of ourselves, colleagues, and patients. By accounting for known shortcomings and developing ameliorative measures, the HLA Scholarship programme addresses unmet needs in a structured manner to support effective long-term healthcare leadership development.
Unequal distributions of crowdsourced weather data in England and Wales
Authors: Brousse Oscar , Simpson Charles , Poorthuis Ate , Heaviside Clare 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Personal weather stations (PWS) can provide useful data on urban climates by densifying the number of weather measurements across major cities. They do so at a lower cost than official weather stations by national meteorological services. Despite the increasing use of PWS data, little attention has yet been paid to the underlying socio-economic and environmental inequalities in PWS coverage. Using social deprivation, demographic, and environmental indicators in England and Wales, we characterize existing inequalities in the current coverage of PWS. We find that there are fewer PWS in more deprived areas which also observe higher proportions of ethnic minorities, lower vegetation coverage, higher building height and building surface fraction, and lower proportions of inhabitants under 65 years old. This implies that data on urban climate may be of lower quality or more uncertain in particular areas, which may limit the potential for climate adaptation and empowerment in those communities.