bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vibration characteristics of industrial robot joint servo transmission system based on electromechanical coupling
Authors: Hu Jinxiang , Wang Zhihai , Liu Yinan , Liu Xiaoqin , Yang Xiaobo 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The complex electromechanical coupling effect of an industrial robot’s electromechanical system significantly influences the dynamic characteristics and stability of the joint servo transmission system. This study proposes a kind of electromechanical coupling dynamic model for the industrial robot’s joint servo transmission system, incorporating multiple parameters, and investigates the vibration response characteristics of the system. Firstly, an electromechanical coupling analysis of the industrial robot’s joint servo transmission system is conducted, simplifying it as a ‘motor-reducer-load’ system and establishing the corresponding electromechanical coupling vibration mathematical model. Secondly, a dynamic model of the robot’s joint servo transmission system is developed to analyze its speed characteristics. Finally, the model is used to analyze the electromechanical coupling vibration process of the joint servo transmission system with the introduction of mechanical and electrical parameters and other factors to obtain the vibration characteristics of the industrial robot joint servo transmission system under electromechanical coupling. The experimental results show that this model can better analyze the electromechanical coupling vibration characteristics of the joint servo transmission system, which is significant for improving the performance and fault traceability of the industrial robot joint transmission.
Enhancement of electric polarization in ultrathin half-metallic [BaFeO3]m/[BaTiO3]n superlattices : an ab initio study
Authors: Iles Nadia , Bezzalla Ayyoub , Elchikh Motkhtar 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This theoretical study investigated ultrathin [BaFeO3]m/[BaTiO3]n superlattices with varying periodicities m/n from 1 to 4. At structural level, important relaxations occur, resulting in Ti-O, Fe-O, and Ba-O ferroelectric displacements. The Ti-O displacements in our superlattices reached an amplitude of 32.8 % which is larger than its bulk value in BaTiO3 of 0.125 Å. In addition, Fe-O displacements in the range of [0.043, 0.122] Å appeared in the BaFeO3 layers of m/n superlattices. The electronic structure analysis revealed a half-metallic character in all m/n systems. A clear dependence between the minority gap and m/n periodicities was observed in the DOS plots. Two categories of superlattices were distinguished from the electric polarization calculations. The first includes 1/1, 2/3, 3/2, and 4/1 with a polarization comparable to the bulk value of BaTiO3. The second category includes the 2/1, 1/2, 1/3, 3/1, and 1/4 systems with polarization amplitudes of 30% larger than the BaTiO3 bulk value. All m/n superlattices remained ferromagnetic. These findings paved the way to new promising applications of those ultrathin superlattices with tunable electronic properties.
Portable particle sizing concept for beach sand identification for forensic purposes: a success case application of DLS/PCS
Authors: Braga Filipe L , Sternberg Emmanuela M A , Rodrigues Nicolau S 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
A cheap and simple experimental setup for executing particle sizing in water disperion by means of dynamic light scattering (DLS) and consequently the necessary software to evaluate the calculations of photon correlation spectroscopy (PCS) are described here in order to characterize beach sand by its source location according to the mean beach sand grain hydrodynamic diameter. Despite the existence of similar commercial particle sizing equipments, the innovation presented here consists of a portable measurements able to be used in the field. It consists of an easy handling apparatus composed by a solid-state laser pointer as light source and a smartphone CCD camera as detector for video acquiring. Correlation calculus of light intensity variations were performed in a software developed by the authors. The performance test of the proposed protocol was evaluated to characterize beach sand particles on aqueous solution determining its hydrodynamic diameter. The limitations of the technique were explored and comparison with optical microscopy results and literature were performed.
Photocatalytic degradation of malachite green using PVDF membranes doped with Fe3O4 nanoparticles: role of porosity and surface roughness
Authors: Kanak  , Yogita  , Singh Prayas , Manori Ashok , Kumar Ashwani , Chandra Ramesh , Raina K.K. , Shukla Ravi Kumar , Manori Samta 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We report on a cost-effective and time-efficient approach to synthesize flexible membranes of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) doped with varying concentrations of Fe3O4 nanoparticles (FNP). The membranes exhibit a uniform dispersion of FNPs, a β-phase structure, and porous morphology, as confirmed by x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements. Fourier Transform-Infra Red (FTIR) and x-ray Photon spectroscopy (XPS) analysis was also performed for the identification of structural and chemical parameters of PVDF:FNP membranes. Photocatalytic degradation of malachite green (MG) dye under ultraviolet (UV) irradiation was assessed using the PVDF:FNP membranes. The results demonstrate a significant enhancement in the degradation efficiency and rate constant of the photocatalytic process with the utilization of PVDF:FNP membranes compared to FNP alone. Among the various concentrations tested, the PVDF membrane with 7% FNP doping exhibited the highest degradation efficiency of 98.39% and a notable apparent rate constant of 0.07048 min−1 in 60 min. The improved photocatalytic performance can be attributed to the larger surface area and enhanced accessibility of active sites in PVDF:FNP membranes, facilitating better control of the reaction environment and reducing the recombination rate of electron–hole pairs. This study suggests that PVDF:FNP membranes hold great promise for water purification applications, offering flexible membranes with superior degradation efficiency and enhanced reusability.
A Method of Evaluating NV centers Concentration by UV–Vis Transmittance Spectra
Authors: Zhang Yanyan , Zhang Libin , Zhang Dongliang , Li Yichen , Liu Sheng , Yang Bo , Gan Zhiyin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrum was not generally considered an available method for measuring the concentration of negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy (NV-, NV center). In this study, we propose the idea of evaluating the concentration of NV center by the slope of the UV-Vis spectrum. To establish this new method we synthesized diamonds with different NV center concentrations by the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method. We then measured the zero-phonon line (ZPL) intensity of PL spectra at 637 nm and estimated the concentration of the NV centers as a baseline for comparison to our new UV-Vis method. The UV-Vis transmission spectra were then measured and transformed to relative absorption coefficient spectra. Slopes of the transformed UV-Vis spectra between 400 nm and 800 nm were calculated and compared with the ZPL intensities. The results show a strong positive correlation between the slopes of the absorption spectra and the ZPL intensities of PL spectra at 637 nm. Therefore, this paper demonstrates the feasibility of estimating the concentration of the NV centers from measuring the transmission UV-Vis spectrum.
LES analysis clarifying the response of static pressure fluctuation characteristics in isotropic/anisotropic steady turbulence field to reducing isotropic small-scale spatial resolution
Authors: Hirabayashi Riku , Suzuki Hiroki , Mochizuki Shinsuke 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This study aims to clarify the effects of an isotropic reduction in spatial resolution on the characteristics of the static pressure fluctuation in isotropic/anisotropic statistically steady state turbulence. Although previous direct numerical analyses have investigated the static pressure fluctuation, this study considers it as a quantity that could be more straightforwardly obtained from experimental measurements and numerical analyses. To address this issue, a large-eddy simulation is used in this study. The Smagorinsky model, the Vreman model and the implicit LES model are used in this study to model sub-grid scale fluctuations. The influence of isotropic spatial resolution reduction is set by changing the accuracy order for the discretisation of the viscous terms from second to eighth order, based on a three-dimensional cubic computational domain with spatially uniform computational grid width. The accuracy order for the convection terms is also set to second and fourth order in this study. When the discretisation accuracy order of the viscous terms is second order, there is a significant reduction in the accuracy of the implicit LES. The discretisation accuracy order of the viscous terms should be set to fourth order or higher, as seen in this study. In addition, unlike the turbulent kinetic energy, different discretisation accuracy orders for the viscous and convective terms also have a non-negligible effect on the static pressure fluctuation analysis.
Experimental fine-advancement of vacuum brazing processes for fabrication of S-Band RF coupling cells
Authors: Davtyan A. , Isunts H. , Dekhtiarov V. , Avagyan V. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The technology of high vacuum brazing for fabrication of
S-Band RF coupling cell unit is given. The brazing in high vacuum
conditions provides a vacuum-tight and more precise connection with
the use of special high-purity fillers. Based on the material and
design of the part, as well as the shape of the filler, it is
necessary to develop filler channels and gaps that will be of the
most optimal shape and size. High-purity silver-copper alloys of the
BV Ag-30, BV Ag-8, and BV Ag-29 brands were used as
fillers. Rectangular flanges for brazing with waveguides are made of
GlidCop AL-25, and the CF flange for the beamline tube is made of
stainless steel. Brazing processes were carried out under high
vacuum conditions in an upgraded precision vacuum brazing system,
which is developed at CANDLE Synchrotron Research Institute. Using
the recorded data and experimental results, optimal modes for
fine-advancement of vacuum brazing processes for fabrication of
S-Band RF coupling cell unit are developed.
Likely impacts of the 2022 heatwave on India’s wheat production
Authors: Sidhu Balsher Singh 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The 2022 Indian heatwave impacted key geographies of wheat production in northwestern and central India. It coincided with this crop’s harvest season in the region, and is expected to have considerably reduced national wheat production. Here we provide spatially disaggregated estimates of the likely impact on wheat yield using statistical relationships derived from historical climate and wheat yield data. Compared to a normal year (median of 1992–2021 climate), national wheat production in 2022 is expected to have fallen by 4.5%; some regions may have experienced wheat yield losses of up to 15%. Our analysis can also be analyzed as a proof of concept for using current and forecasted weather data to estimate real-time impact of short-term weather variability on end-of-season crop yields, even while the crop season is ongoing.
Technical means for collecting seeds of desert-pasture fodder plants
Authors: Mirzaev B S , Tulaganov Q , Bozorboev A , Abdurokhmonov Sh X , Xaziev S A 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The article presents the analysis of technical means for collecting seeds of desert pasture fodder plants. The type of technical means is chosen and the ways of its improvement are outlined. Information about the machine for implementing the technology is given. The material of the article reflects the specifics of the improvement of arid pastures.
Mathematical modeling and optimal motion control of horizontal spindle apparatuses of cotton pickers
Authors: Azimov B M , Omonov N N , Sh Norqulov J , Sherkobilov S M 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The paper presents differential equations of the movement of the horizontal spindle drum compiled using the 2nd kind of Lagrange equations. The task was set on how to control a horizontal spindle drum. The task of the speed of the Pontriyagin maximum principle was set, and the requirement for optimal guidance based on quality criteria was studied. Through the formation of the Hamilton-Pontryagin function, conjugate functions were composed. These conjugate functions made it possible to obtain a solution to the control algorithm. Pontryagin boundary value questions were articulate on the basis of the formed mathematical models. Using Runge-Kutta methods in solving boundary problems, the movement figures in the subject transient operation were identified based on the predetermined criterion, and as a result, moments of inertia of inertia of rotating masses of the horizontal-spindle drum, coefficients of viscosity and elasticity of the drum shaft were determined through the given resistance forces.
Developing a Zn alloy with high strength and uniform elongation as a biomedical device
Authors: Chen Hao , Xiao Yi , Lu Wucheng , Ji Houlin , Yang Yang , Liang Bowei , Cui Xu 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) process was used to develop a Zn-1Mg alloy with a tensile strength of 440 MPa and uniform elongation of 11%. The uniform elongation of the ECAPed Zn-1Mg alloy is higher than that of other Zn alloys with strengths over 400 MPa. The microstructure of the ECAPed Zn-1Mg alloy evolved through dynamic recrystallization (DRX), resulting in a refined grain structure. Additionally, the lamellar eutectic structure was fragmented into sub-micrometer particles (∼0.9 μm). The high strength of the Zn-1Mg alloy is due to both grain boundary strengthening and second phase strengthening. The high uniform elongation is attributed to the presence of plate-shaped precipitates with a high density of 1014m−2. The in-vitro results indicate that ECAPed Zn-1Mg alloy has high cell viability (>100%). Meanwhile, the Zn-1Mg alloy processed by ECAP exhibited better ALP activity and alizarin red results than pure Zn. These results demonstrate that Zn-1Mg alloy is beneficial to the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts, and also promote blood vascular formation. The good osteogenic and angiogenic properties of the alloy are attributed to the release of Mg2+ and Zn2+ during the degradation process, which play a critical role in biochemical reactions in the human body. Therefore, the high uniform elongation and good biological properties make Zn-Mg based alloys a promising material for expanding applications in the orthopedic field.
Beating the 3 dB quantum squeezing enhancement limit of two-mode phase-sensitive amplifier by multi-beam interference
Authors: Lou Yanbo , Liu Shengshuai , Jing Jietai 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Quantum squeezing, which makes measurement sensitivity beyond classical limit by reducing system noise, is an essential non-classical resource for quantum metrology. It is of great importance to enhance quantum squeezing since the squeezing degree directly determines the extent to which measurement sensitivity beats the classical limit. Recently, a two-mode phase-sensitive amplifier has been utilized to enhance the quantum squeezing of phase-insensitive amplifier. However, such enhancement has an intrinsic limit of 3 dB. Here we show that such limit of 3 dB can be overcome by utilizing multi-beam interference. Specifically, a quantum squeezing enhancement of about 3.67 dB is observed by direct measurement. Moreover, we find that the amount of quantum squeezing enhancement increases as the number of multi-beam interference increases, which clearly shows that beating the quantum squeezing enhancement limit of 3 dB is induced by multi-beam interference. Our results here provide an efficient way to enhance the quantum squeezing.
Equity impacts of the built environment in urban rail transit station areas from a transit-oriented development perspective: a systematic review
Authors: Wan Tianyue , Lu Wei , Sun Peijin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Over the past three decades, Transit-Oriented Development (TOD), with transit as its central tenet, has emerged as a pivotal urban policy driving sustainable and intelligent urban growth, drawing significant attention from researchers and practitioners worldwide. TOD involves creating high-density, mixed-use, pedestrian-friendly urban areas around transit stations to enhance transit accessibility, promote social cohesion, and improve housing conditions. However, the global implementation of TOD has encountered challenges across various domains including transportation, housing, and employment, thereby exacerbating inequities within the built environment. This study adopts a TOD perspective to comprehensively review the equity impacts of urban rail transit (URT) station areas on the built environment, with a particular focus on social, travel, perception, health, and spatial dimensions, and their impacts on promoting or hindering equitable outcomes among diverse societal groups. Utilizing a scoping review methodology, the study encapsulates the progress and themes in the field, employing a systematic approach to meticulously analyze the outcomes of each research theme. The findings reveal that URT station areas have positive impacts on economic growth and property values. However, they can also contribute to gentrification, exacerbating disparities between different societal groups in station and non-station areas, along with an unequal distribution of resources and opportunities. Additionally, while these station areas encourage pedestrian activity and public transportation usage, they also carry the potential for environmental pollution, raising concerns about spatial accessibility and facility convenience, thereby impacting environmental equity. This study employs comprehensive and critical theoretical analyses, utilizing intricate methods and detailed indicators, to elucidate disparities in equity outcomes of URT station areas across different societal groups. The crucial challenge in future research lies in integrating the concept of equity into TOD planning strategies. This study aims to provide standardized and harmonized criteria for guiding equitable TOD planning policies, thereby enhancing the scientific basis and effectiveness of planning strategies. Ultimately, it seeks to offer theoretical insights towards the creation of a more equitable and inclusive urban built environment in the future.
Segmental differentiation of the murine epididymis: identification of segment-specific, GM1-enriched vesicles and regulation by luminal fluid factors
Authors: Sosnicki Danielle M , Cohen Roy , Asano Atsushi , Nelson Jacquelyn L , Mukai Chinatsu , Comizzoli Pierre , Travis Alexander J 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The murine epididymis has 10 distinct segments that provide the opportunity to identify compartmentalized cell physiological mechanisms underlying sperm maturation. However, despite the essential role of the epididymis in reproduction, remarkably little is known about segment-specific functions of this organ. Here, we investigate the dramatic segmental localization of the ganglioside GM1, a glycosphingolipid already known to play key roles in sperm capacitation and acrosome exocytosis. Frozen tissue sections of epididymides from adult mice were treated with the binding subunit of cholera toxin conjugated to AlexaFluor 488 to label GM1. We report that GM1-enriched vesicles were found exclusively in principal and clear cells of segment 2. These vesicles were also restricted to the lumen of segment 2 and did not appear to flow with the sperm into segment 3, within the limits of detection by confocal microscopy. Interestingly, this segment-specific presence was altered in several azoospermic mouse models and in wild-type mice after efferent duct ligation. These findings indicate that a lumicrine factor, itself dependent on spermatogenesis, controls this segmental differentiation. The RNA sequencing results confirmed global de-differentiation of the proximal epididymal segments in response to efferent duct ligation. Additionally, GM1 localization on the surface of the sperm head increased as sperm transit through segment 2 and have contact with the GM1-enriched vesicles. This is the first report of segment-specific vesicles and their role in enriching sperm with GM1, a glycosphingolipid known to be critical for sperm function, providing key insights into the segment-specific physiology and function of the epididymis.
Oxidative stress associated with proteomic and fatty acid profiles of sperm from Nellore bulls at rest
Authors: Ramírez-López Camilo José , Barros Edvaldo , Vidigal Pedro Marcus , Okano Denise Silva , Gomes Lidiany Lopes , Carvalho Renner Philipe Rodrigues , de Castro Alex Gazolla , Baracat-Pereira Maria Cristina , Guimarães Simone Eliza Facioni , Guimarães José Domingos 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Sexual rest is a transient condition, which compromises conception rates, characterized by large volumes of ejaculate with high percentages of dead sperm observed in bulls. The biochemical mechanisms leading to this ejaculate pattern are not fully understood. Six adult resting Nellore bulls were submitted to Breeding Soundness Evaluation by four consecutive semen collections through the electroejaculation method during a 30 min period. Each ejaculate had its semen phenotypic parameters; morphology and physical aspects were evaluated. To assess enzymatic activity (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione S-transferase), lipid peroxidation (concentrations of malondialdehyde and nitric oxide), fatty acid, and proteomic profile aliquots of spermatozoa from the first and fourth ejaculates were used. All sperm parameters differed between the first and fourth ejaculates. Spermatozoa from the first ejaculate showed lower enzymatic activity and a higher concentration of lipid peroxidation markers. Among the 19 identified fatty acids, 52.7% are polyunsaturated. Relative abundance analysis showed that C12:0 and C18:0 fatty acids differed between the first and fourth ejaculates, being the fourth ejaculate richer in spermatozoa. The proteomics analysis identified a total of 974 proteins in both sample groups (first and fourth ejaculates). The majority of identified proteins are related to cellular processes and signaling. Quantitative proteomics showed 36 differentially abundant proteins, 6 up-regulated proteins in the first ejaculate, and 30 up-regulated proteins in the fourth ejaculate. Spermatozoa from bulls at sexual rest have less antioxidant capacity, causing changes in their fatty acid composition and protein profile, which generates the observed sperm pattern and lower fertilization capacity.