bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Linking temperature dependence of fitness effects of mutations to thermal niche adaptation
Authors: Chen Nan , Zhang Quan-Guo 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Fitness effects of mutations may generally depend on temperature that influences all rate-limiting biophysical and biochemical processes. Earlier studies suggested that high temperatures may increase the availability of beneficial mutations (‘more beneficial mutations’), or allow beneficial mutations to show stronger fitness effects (‘stronger beneficial mutation effects’). The ‘more beneficial mutations’ scenario would inevitably be associated with increased proportion of conditionally beneficial mutations at higher temperatures. This in turn predicts that populations in warm environments show faster evolutionary adaptation but suffer fitness loss when faced with cold conditions, and those evolving in cold environments become thermal-niche generalists (‘hotter is narrower’). Under the ‘stronger beneficial mutation effects’ scenario, populations evolving in warm environments would show faster adaptation without fitness costs in cold environments, leading to a ‘hotter is (universally) better’ pattern in thermal niche adaptation. We tested predictions of the two competing hypotheses using an experimental evolution study in which populations of two model bacterial species, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas fluorescens, evolved for 2400 generations at three experimental temperatures. Results of reciprocal transplant experiments with our P. fluorescens populations were largely consistent with the ‘hotter is narrower’ prediction. Results from the E. coli populations clearly suggested stronger beneficial mutation effects at higher assay temperatures, but failed to detect faster adaptation in populations evolving in warmer experimental environments (presumably because of limitation in the supply of genetic variation). Our results suggest that the influence of temperature on mutational effects may provide insight into the patterns of thermal niche adaptation and population diversification across thermal conditions.
Abstract
Warmer temperatures may increase the availability of beneficial mutations, or allow beneficial mutations to show stronger beneficial fitness effects.Both scenarios predict faster adaptation in warmer, relative to colder, environments, but have different predictions for thermal niche adaptation across environments: “hotter is narrower” versus “hotter is (universally) better”.
Who uses food barcode scanner apps and why? Exploration of users' characteristics and development of the Food Barcode Scanner App Questionnaire
Authors: Hanras Eva , Chevrier Basilie , Dorard Géraldine , Boujut Emilie 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundFood barcode scanner apps (FBSAs) are increasingly being used to verify food quality. By scanning a product's barcode, they can provide a range of information, including nutritional quality or information on the toxicity of food components. Although they seem to be widely used, no study has yet examined their use in the general population. The objectives of this study were therefore twofold: (a) to identify who the users of FBSA are and (b) to evaluate behaviours and cognitions associated with use of these apps through the development and validation of the Food Barcode Scanner App Questionnaire (FBSAQ).MethodA total of 1626 women (average age of 37.51 years; SD = 12.67) from the general population were included in this study, with 25.7% reporting themselves as using at least one FBSA. Participants completed questionnaires assessing socio‐demographic and health characteristics, the use of health apps and the FBSAQ, when relevant.ResultsThe users of FBSAs did not differ from nonusers in regard to key socio‐demographic characteristics, but they were more likely to use healthcare services and other health apps than nonusers of FBSAs. Psychometric analyses allowed validation of the FBSAQ through three factors: pathological use, dietary concerns and exclusion of unhealthy components.ConclusionData showed that the use of FBSAs can be beneficial for many individuals, as they help with food choices. However, some user may develop more problematic behaviours and have difficulties in not using these apps.
Translation and cultural adaptation of the Standardized Tool for the Assessment of Bruxism (STAB) and the Bruxism Screener (BruxScreen): A 12‐step guideline
Authors: Lobbezoo Frank , Ahlberg Jari , Verhoeff Merel C. , Bracci Alessandro , Nykänen Laura , Manfredini Daniele 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundRecently, the Standardized Tool for the Assessment of Bruxism (STAB) and the bruxism screener (BruxScreen) have been developed for use in research and clinical settings.ObjectiveAs to ascertain high‐quality use of both instruments worldwide, it was our aim to develop a guideline for the translation and cultural adaptation of the STAB and the BruxScreen.Methods and ResultsThis paper describes a 12‐step guideline for the translation and cultural adaptation of the STAB and the BruxScreen. A format of a translation log is provided as well. Besides, a website has been created for the guidance of translation teams.ConclusionFollowing the 12 steps, new language versions of the STAB and the BruxScreen will be ready for further testing (reliability, validity, responsiveness and interpretability) and, ultimately, application in research and clinics around the world.
Plant neopolyploidy and genetic background differentiate the microbiome of duckweed across a variety of natural freshwater sources
Authors: Anneberg Thomas J. , Turcotte Martin M. , Ashman Tia‐Lynn 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWhole‐genome duplication has long been appreciated for its role in driving phenotypic novelty in plants, often altering the way organisms interface with the abiotic environment. Only recently, however, have we begun to investigate how polyploidy influences interactions of plants with other species, despite the biotic niche being predicted as one of the main determinants of polyploid establishment. Nevertheless, we lack information about how polyploidy affects the diversity and composition of the microbial taxa that colonize plants, and whether this is genotype‐dependent and repeatable across natural environments. This information is a first step towards understanding whether the microbiome contributes to polyploid establishment. We, thus, tested the immediate effect of polyploidy on the diversity and composition of the bacterial microbiome of the aquatic plant Spirodela polyrhiza using four pairs of diploids and synthetic autotetraploids. Under controlled conditions, axenic plants were inoculated with pond waters collected from 10 field sites across a broad environmental gradient. Autotetraploids hosted 4%–11% greater bacterial taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity than their diploid progenitors. Polyploidy, along with its interactions with the inoculum source and genetic lineage, collectively explained 7% of the total variation in microbiome composition. Furthermore, polyploidy broadened the core microbiome, with autotetraploids having 15 unique bacterial taxa in addition to the 55 they shared with diploids. Our results show that whole‐genome duplication directly leads to novelty in the plant microbiome and importantly that the effect is dependent on the genetic ancestry of the polyploid and generalizable over many environmental contexts.
Learning and the Immediate Use(fulness) of a New Vocabulary Item
Authors: HAUSER ERIC 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWithin the framework of Conversation Analysis for Second Language Acquisition (CA‐SLA), this study uses learning behavior tracking (LBT) (Markee, 2008) with longitudinal data to investigate word learning by one adult second language (L2) user of English. The adult is a first language (L1) user of Japanese with limited proficiency in English. Data are drawn from audio‐recorded conversations‐for‐learning (Kasper, 2004) between this adult and the researcher, an L1 user of English and L2 user of Japanese, across a 7‐month period. The analysis focuses on the learning of the word near and the nonuse of the synonym close. Repair work is found to create opportunities for learning. It is argued that a word is likely to be learned if it is found to be immediately useful. Methodologically, this study shows that CA‐SLA used with longitudinal data can be used to investigate word learning, meeting the criteria developed by Ellis (2010) for showing learning.
Mill and Acton on liberty, nationality and multinational states
Authors: Beaumont Tim 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMill's System of Logic (1843) indicates that the definition of ‘nationality’ he offered in Considerations on Representative Government (1861) is not a throwaway comment but a carefully considered causal hypothesis tailored to his politico‐ethological research programme. This matters because Lord Acton's critique of Mill's claim that free institutions are almost impossible in multinational states ignored the definition, thereby obscuring subsequent scholars' vision of the conceptual dimension of this famous dispute. Although Mill struggled in his politico‐ethological endeavour, he was sufficiently confident to judge that, if nationalities seek self‐determination through exclusive control of the state, liberal democratic institutions would be unlikely to emerge in multinational states, let alone survive and prosper. Since Acton's critique presupposed an undemocratic conception of free institutions and a far weaker notion of national self‐determination, it failed to contradict that judgement. Indeed, once their conceptual disagreements are clarified, Acton's empirical analysis can be seen to support it.
On the evolution of epigenetics via exaptation: A developmental systems perspective
Authors: Moore David S. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractEvolution and development are interrelated processes influenced by genomic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. Epigenetic processes serve critical roles in development and operate as intermediaries that connect the genome to the rest of the world. Therefore, it is of interest to consider the evolution of epigenetic processes. The developmental systems perspective offers a distinctive, coherent, integrative way to understand the relationships between evolution, epigenetics, development, and the effects of experienced contexts. By adopting this perspective, this paper draws attention to the role of exaptation in the evolution of epigenetics in the RNA world and addresses the role of epigenetics in the later evolution of developmental processes such as cellular differentiation, learning, and memory. In so doing, the paper considers the appearance and functions of epigenetics in evolutionary history—sketching a pathway by which epigenetic processes might have evolved via exaptation and then contributed to the later development and evolution of phenotypes.
Exploring the genetic and functional diversity of Porphyromonas gingivalis long fimbriae
Authors: Meyer Hendrik Leonhard , Abdelbary Mohamed M. H. , Buhl Eva Miriam , Kuppe Christoph , Conrads Georg 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPorphyromonas gingivalis is a key pathobiont in periodontitis. Its long fimbriae consist of a single anchor (FimB), a varying number of stalk (FimA), and three accessory (tip‐related) proteins (FimC, FimD, and FimE). Based on 133 strains/genomes available, it was our aim to investigate the diversity within FimA and FimB and explain the variety of long fimbriae (super‐)structures. Combining the new forward primer fimAnewF with the established fimAunivR, we were able to amplify and sequence fimA including its leader region covering all genotypes and serotypes for phylogenetic analysis. We designed two primer pairs sensing the presence of an internal stop codon in fimB with an impact on fimbrial length. Finally, we examined fimbrial secondary structures by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The phylogeny of fimA/FimA revealed two new subtypes (IIa and IIb) with specific changes in functional domains and thus adding to the current classification scheme (I, Ib, and II‐V). Regarding evolution, we confirm that Porphyromonas gulae fimA‐type A is closely related to human P. gingivalis strains of cluster Ib and might be its ancestor genotype. A fimB internal stop codon is rare and was found in ATCC 33277 only. Comparing P. gingivalis TEM/SEM pictures of type I ATCC 33277 with type V OMI622 revealed a broad spectrum of fimbrial structures including bundling, cell–cell knotting, and brick–wall formation. In conclusion, FimA forms more distinct subtypes than previously known. The bundling of long fimbriae, a mechanism known from EPEC/EHEC and Salmonella, is proposed and supported by TEM/SEM pictures for the first time here. The role and variations of terminal accessory FimC‐E in superstructure formation and/or (co‐) adhesion should be investigated more closely next.
Lumbar Disc Herniation with Contralateral Symptoms: A Case‐Series of 11 Patients and Literature Review
Authors: Gao Qingyang , Yang Huiliang , Masood Umar , Zhou Chunguang , Cen Ying , Song Yueming 
Published: September 2023

ObjectiveLumbar disc herniation (LDH) is a common pathology that typically causes unilateral radiculopathy on the same side as herniation, while patients may occasionally present with contralateral symptoms. Owing to the rare incidence of LDH with contralateral symptoms, the pathological mechanism remains unclear and the optimal surgical strategy is a subject of debate. This study aimed to provide new insights into the pathological mechanism of contralateral symptoms and assess the efficacy of ipsilateral hemilaminectomy and discectomy surgery in this population.MethodsThis study was a retrospective, single‐center, clinical case series, including 11 LDH cases with exclusive contralateral symptoms. We searched for LDH cases that were presented at our institution between January 2011 and December 2020. Adult LDH Patients with contralateral radicular pains were included, while those with ipsilateral radiculopathy, lumbar stenosis, foraminal stenosis on the symptomatic side, multilevel disc herniations, scoliosis, and lumbar operation history were excluded. Visual Analog Scale (VAS), clinical features, radiographic images, and other data were collected from the study cohort of 11 cases for further analysis. We also reviewed LDH cases in English literature from 1978 to 2023 to analyze their clinical characteristics and treatment.ResultsThe incidence rate of LDH with contralateral symptoms in single‐level LDH cases was 0.32%. The average age of our 11 cases was 49.3 years old, and five of them were female (45.5%). All individuals had single‐level lateral LDH, with six cases (54.5%) located at L4‐5 and five cases (45.5%) located at L5‐S1. Upon admission, patients presented with lower back pain (seven cases, 63.6%), radicular pain (seven cases, 63.6%), hypoesthesia (seven cases, 63.6%), and muscle weakness (one case, 9.1%) on the contralateral side alone. Each case experienced ipsilateral hemilaminectomy and discectomy, and no lateral recess stenosis, hypertrophy of facets or ligaments, and sequestrated discs were found during surgery. All of them have good pain relief with two cases reporting no pain and nine cases reporting only mild pain at the last follow‐up.ConclusionsBased on the surgical findings of our 11 LDH cases with contralateral symptoms, we hypothesized that the contralateral symptoms might be produced when the nerve root on the contralateral symptomatic side was tightly pulled by the herniated disc via the dural mater. Ipsilateral hemilaminectomy and discectomy surgery effectively and efficiently relieve the symptoms without postoperative complications for these patients.
Ceramic‐on‐Ceramic or Metal‐on‐Polyethylene: The Bearing of Choice after Ceramic Component Fracture in Total Hip Arthroplasty along with Concise Follow‐Up of the Previous Cohort
Authors: Kim Hong Seok , Lee Han Jin , Lee Soong Joon , Yoo Jeong Joon 
Published: September 2023

ObjectiveWe previously reported the questionable result of reoperation using metal‐on‐polyethylene (MoP) bearing after the fracture of the ceramic component. After the report, we abandoned the use of MoP; instead, we used ceramic‐on‐ceramic (CoC) bearing. This report aimed to present the outcome of reoperation to CoC bearing after ceramic component failures along with the longer‐term outcome of the previously reported cohort with an MoP bearing.ResultsThe mean follow‐up of the MoP cohort was extended from 4.3 years to 8.8 years. Metallosis had occurred in three of nine patients of the previous cohort, which all required re‐reoperations. Two hips from 11 patients with revision to CoC had re‐reoperations due to ceramic liner fracture and non‐union of the osteotomized fragment, respectively. No metallosis and wear occurred in the cohort revised with CoC articulation. Otherwise, there were no adverse changes in radiographs and no impairment in functions.MethodsWe conducted an extended prospective evaluation of a previous cohort consisting of six head fractures and three liner fractures. In this cohort, the patients underwent a bearing change to metal‐on‐polyethylene. Additionally, we retrospectively analyzed 11 cases of third‐generation ceramic bearing fractures, comprising nine head fractures and two liner fractures. These cases were subsequently treated with a bearing change to fourth‐generation CoC. We assessed clinical and radiological outcomes, including complication rates, in both groups.ConclusionWe recommend the latest CoC as the bearing of choice in reoperation after the fracture of ceramic components. In the case of an MoP bearing after the ceramic component fracture, the risk of metallosis seemed high in the early postoperative period.
An overview of local anesthetics in over‐the‐counter products
Authors: Kalajian Tyler A. , Cannella Joseph A. , Vasudevan Ananya , Mizelle Jack , Rendon Luis F. , Nozari Ala , Ortega Rafael 
Published: September 2023

AbstractOver‐the‐counter (OTC) local anesthetics have historically been used to alleviate pain in several common conditions including toothache and sore throat. With a rise in chronic conditions and an aging population, there has been an increase in associated chronic pain‐related disorders. Individuals with chronic pain often seek OTC treatments for quick and accessible pain relief. There are several common OTC local anesthetics, including benzocaine, lidocaine, and dibucaine, which are readily available to patients in several formulations. In order to appropriately advise patients on the use of local anesthetics, it is important to understand their key characteristics, including the mechanism of action, clinical properties, pharmacokinetics, clinical applications, and adverse reactions, which may occur.
Sense of agency and its disturbances: A systematic review targeting the intentional binding effect in neuropsychiatric disorders
Authors: Moccia Lorenzo , di Luzio Michelangelo , Conte Eliana , Modica Marco , Ambrosecchia Marianna , Ardizzi Martina , Lanzotti Pierluigi , Kotzalidis Georgios D. , Janiri Delfina , Di Nicola Marco , Janiri Luigi , Gallese Vittorio , Sani Gabriele 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACTSense of agency (SoA) indicates a person's ability to perceive her/his own motor acts as actually being her/his and, through them, to exert control over the course of external events. Disruptions in SoA may profoundly affect the individual's functioning, as observed in several neuropsychiatric disorders. This is the first article to systematically review studies that investigated intentional binding (IB), a quantitative proxy for SoA measurement, in neurological and psychiatric patients. Eligible were studies of IB involving patients with neurological and/or psychiatric disorders. We included 15 studies involving 692 individuals. Risk of bias was low throughout studies. Abnormally increased action‐outcome binding was found in schizophrenia and in patients with Parkinson's disease taking dopaminergic medications or reporting impulsive‐compulsive behaviors. A decreased IB effect was observed in Tourette's disorder and functional movement disorders, whereas increased action‐outcome binding was found in patients with the cortico‐basal syndrome. The extent of IB deviation from healthy control values correlated with the severity of symptoms in several disorders. Inconsistent effects were found for autism spectrum disorders, anorexia nervosa, and borderline personality disorder. Findings pave the way for treatments specifically targeting SoA in neuropsychiatric disorders where IB is altered.
Feedback processing in cognitive and motor tasks: A meta‐analysis on the feedback‐related negativity
Authors: Faßbender Laura , Krause Daniel , Weigelt Matthias 
Published: September 2023

AbstractFor motor learning, the processing of behavioral outcomes is of high significance. The feedback‐related negativity (FRN) is an event‐related potential, which is often described as a correlate of the reward prediction error in reinforcement learning. The number of studies examining the FRN in motor tasks is increasing. This meta‐analysis summarizes the component in the motor domain and compares it to the cognitive domain. Therefore, a data set of a previous meta‐analysis in the cognitive domain that comprised 47 studies was reanalyzed and compared to additional 25 studies of the motor domain. Further, a moderator analysis for the studies in the motor domain was conducted. The FRN amplitude was higher in the motor domain than in the cognitive domain. This might be related to a higher task complexity and a higher feedback ambiguity of motor tasks. The FRN latency was shorter in the motor domain than in the cognitive domain. Given that sensory information can be used as an external feedback predictor prior to the presentation of the final feedback, reward processing in the motor domain may have been faster and reduced the FRN latency. The moderator variable analysis revealed that the feedback modality influenced the FRN latency, with shorter FRN latencies after bimodal than after visual feedback. Processing of outcome feedback seems to share basic principles in both domains; however, differences exist and should be considered in FRN studies. Future research is motivated to scrutinize the effects of bimodal feedback and other moderators within the motor domain.
On the interconnected nature of risk and responsibility in the research and development of new and emerging technologies
Authors: Malakar Yuwan , Lacey Justine 
Published: September 2023

AbstractRisk analysis of new and emerging technologies requires innovative approaches that are agile, exploratory, and can accommodate broad stakeholder engagement and perspectives. Existing theories of risk governance and responsible innovation suggest that operationalizing guiding principles for engagement such as inclusion and reflection may provide a useful approach to the risk analysis of these technologies. Yet, methodologies to systematically assess how we might operationalize such guiding principles in risk analysis are limited in existing risk research. We contribute to filling this gap by demonstrating a practical methodology for examining and documenting how research and development (R&D) professionals operationalize inclusion and reflection in risk analysis and what value this provides to risk analysis in the R&D context. We use the Australian nanotechnology R&D sector as our case study, interviewing 28 experts to examine how R&D professionals have operationalized inclusion and reflection into their risk analysis practices, generating three findings. First, we describe how our research design enables the successful translation of theory into a methodology that supports an empirical assessment of the integration of these guiding principles into risk analysis practice. Second, we argue that successfully and systematically integrating inclusion and reflection in risk analysis fosters a wider understanding and identification of risk through the activation of multi‐actor and multi‐institutional stakeholder engagement processes. Third, we outline how this research depicts the outward‐facing and introspective nature of risk analysis.