bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcomes for patients with systemic light chain amyloidosis and Mayo stage 3B disease
Authors: Theodorakakou Foteini , Briasoulis Alexandros , Fotiou Despina , Petropoulos Ioannis , Georgiopoulos Georgios , Lama Niki , Kelekis Nikolaos , Repasos Evangelos , Migkou Magdalini , Stamatelopoulos Kimon , Dimopoulos Meletios A , Kastritis Efstathios 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPatients with cardiac light chain amyloidosis and Mayo stage 3b disease define a high‐risk population with very poor prognosis. Here, we report treatment outcomes of 80 consecutive patients with newly diagnosed AL and Mayo 3b who received novel regimens. Early mortality (<1 month) rate was 12.5%. On intention‐to‐treat, overall hematologic response rate was 40%, with complete response (CR)/very good partial response (VGPR) in 25% and partial response (PR) in 15%. At 1‐ and 3‐ month landmark analysis CR or VGPR/PR rates were 25%/23.5% and 34%/25.5%, respectively. Among patients that were treated with daratumumab‐based therapies, 52.6% and 85.7% achieved at least VGPR within one 1 and 3 months, respectively. Three‐month cardiac response rate was 11.3% and 6‐month was 18.8%. At least hemVGPR at 3 months was associated with cardiac response at 6 months (p = 0.034). Median overall survival (OS) was 6.3 months. At 1‐month landmark at least hemPR was associated with better median OS (24.1 vs. 4.9 months, p = 0.017) and at 3‐month landmark, at least hemVGPR was associated with a median OS of 40.7 versus 17 months for hemPR and 7.4 months for those without hematologic response (p = 0.028). Cardiac response at 3 months was associated with longer median OS (59.7 vs. 10.9 months, p = 0.044). Factors associated with poorer survival were κ‐light chain amyloidosis (median OS 2.9 vs. 7.4 months, p = 0.028), peripheral nerve involvement (3.4 vs. 10.45 months, p = 0.024), systolic blood pressure <90 mmHg (2 vs. 8 months, p = 0.002), baseline LVEF <55% (median OS 3.4 vs. 32 months, p = 0.29) and New York Heart Association (NYHA) class (2.7 months for NYHA 3B‐4 vs. 8 months for NYHA 2–3A, p = 0.02). Twenty‐one patients (26.3%) received salvage therapy and ORR was 57.1%. Median OS for patients who received second line therapy was 24 months. In conclusion, patients with Mayo 3b disease benefit from early hematologic response but cardiac response rates remain low.
How do we improve maternal and child health outcomes in Ghana?
Authors: Adu Joseph , Owusu Mark Fordjour 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMaternal and infant mortality includes a number of health challenges in Ghana, with outcomes among the worst in the subregion and the world. Our aim here was to provide insights into how Ghana has approached these challenges, with a view to making suggestions for the future. Ghana has made significant gains in reducing infant and maternal deaths in the past decade through initiatives like the Free Maternal Care Policy, the Community‐based Health Planning Services, and the National Health Insurance Policy. These policies have improved financial access to maternal and obstetric health services, facility‐based delivery, and antenatal care services in particular. However, a number of challenges still hinder access to maternal and child health outcomes. Poor infrastructure, human resource challenges, poor access to essential medicines, poor quality of care, and superstitious and cultural beliefs have been noted in the literature. We suggest that while providing the necessary human and financial resources, other initiatives including the promotion of maternal health education, supervised home delivery, and zero maternal death interventions should be encouraged to help improve maternal and child health outcomes in Ghana.
Synthesis of theories on cellular powering, coherence, homeostasis and electro‐mechanics: Murburn concept and evolutionary perspectives
Authors: Manoj Kelath Murali , Jaeken Laurent 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIf evolution was/is a fact, a simplified/unifying approach to explain cellular physiology is warranted. Such a perspective should agree with the thermodynamic, kinetic, structural, and operational‐probabilistic considerations; without invoking overt intelligence or determinism, and must enable a synthesis from chaos. In this regard, we first list salient theories in cellular physiology for (i) powering (generation of chemical/heat energy), (ii) coherence (interconnectivity and workability as a unit), (iii) homeostasis (metabolizing and expelling of unfamiliar/unwanted materials, maintaining concentration/volume), and (iv) cellular electrical‐mechanical activities. While doing so, we discuss the scopes and limitations of (a) the classical active‐site affinity and recognition‐based modality oflock‐key and induced‐fit enzyme‐catalytic mechanismsestablished by Fischer/Koshland, (b)membrane‐pump hypothesisacclaimed by biologists‐physicians and historically championed by the British Nobel‐laureates like Hodgkin–Huxley–Katz–Mitchell, and (c)association‐induction hypothesisadvocated by physicists–physiologists from various parts of the world, for example, Gilbert Ling (China–USA), Gerald Pollack (USA), Ludwig Edelmann (Germany), Vladimir Matveev (Russia), and so on. We applymurburn concept(from “mured burning,” capturing the thesis that one‐electron redox equilibriums involving diffusible reactive species play vital roles in maintaining life order) to amalgamate several core cellular functions and further discuss the prospects for establishing the continuum of the principles of physics in biology.
Prenatal diagnosis of fetal conotruncal defects by using 2D ultrasound and HD live flow combined with spatiotemporal image correlation
Authors: Li Tian‐gang , Su Xiao‐rong , Wu Wen‐rui , Zhang Wen‐dong , Ma Bin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroductionTo explore the diagnostic value of spatiotemporal image correlation (STIC) for different types of fetal conotruncal defects (CTDs).MethodsThe clinical data and STIC images of 174 fetuses with CTDs diagnosed via prenatal ultrasound were analyzed retrospectively.ResultsAmong the 174 cases of CTDs, 58 were tetralogy of Fallot (TOF); 30, transposition of great arteries (TGA) (D‐TGA, 23 cases; cc‐TGA, 7 cases); 26, double outlet of the right ventricle (DORV); 32, persistent arterial trunk (PTA) (type A1, 15 cases; type A2, 11 cases; type A3, 5 cases; type A4, 1 case); and 28, pulmonary atresia (PA) (ventricular septal defect, 24 cases; ventricular septal integrity, 4 cases). Among the cases, 156 were complicated with complex congenital intracardiac and extracardiac malformations. The abnormal display rate of the four‐chamber view of two‐dimensional echocardiography was low. The display rate of the permanent arterial trunk was the highest (90.6%) in STIC imaging.ConclusionsSTIC imaging can be used in the diagnosis of different types of CTDs, especially in persistent arterial trunks, and thus has great value for the clinical treatment and prognosis of these defects.
Software investment and organizational change: Evidence from panel data
Authors: Han Conghui , Dong John Qi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTechnological investment is a key managerial decision to make by firms. In recent years, firms increasingly invest in software systems to support big data analytics, digital transformation, and AI, which however do not always pay off. Recent research suggests that software availability may influence entry, at the industry level, by increasing labor productivity, reducing scaling costs, and/or facilitating demand forecasting. However, how these mechanisms through which firms' software investment may affect organizations by inducing various changes is unclear. Insights into these mechanisms require microdata at the firm level over years. We construct a unique panel dataset from 13,335 German firms across industry sectors in 2011–2017 to conduct a firm‐level econometric analysis. We find that, on average, firms' software investment improves demand forecasting but, interestingly, may reduce labor productivity and slow down scaling up. We further propose several organizational contexts in which software investment can be more beneficial to remedy such challenges. Labor productivity is improved only if firms reorganize labor work when making software investment, and scaling costs may be reduced if firms facilitate learning through investments in both software and human capital development. Putting together, this research contributes a new understanding of organizational changes induced by software investment and what contingency factors can make software investment more beneficial in the organizational contexts, to guide managers to make value‐increasing decisions.
Design and analysis of square shape slot cut high gain Sierpinski carpet fractal antenna for wireless applications
Authors: Raj Arun , Dhubkarya Devi Charan , Srivastava Dinesh Kumar , Mandal Durbadal 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this paper, a fractal antenna is proposed for wideband application. It has a resonance frequency of 5 GHz, and has been designed using an FR4 substrate with a width and a length of 40 mm and patch with a width, length of 35.288 mm. The proposed antenna has been made with five iterations, and the result obtained multiband behavior and agrees with the various efficient wireless applications. In the proposed antenna, there are four bands response at frequencies 1.6, 2.9,5.2, and 6 GHz, and bandwidth percentage are 4.56%, 7.89%, 12.13%, and 4.6%. It also covers application in 1.5–1.7, 2.8–3.1, 4.8–5.4, and 5.9–6.2 GHz. The gain and the directivity of the proposed antenna is measured as 15.885 dBi greater than other fractal antennas to date, and 7.422 dBi respectively. The proposed antenna has been implemented successfully using IE3D and the result has been tested successfully using a key sight vector analyzer.
Tuning the micro‐structure, laser ignition, and isovolumetric burning performance of nitrocellulose propellant via incorporation of graphene oxide
Authors: Xianrui Shi , Chuandong Luo , Lu Tian , Ke Zeng , Lingfeng Yang , Chonghua Pei 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNanoscale recombination between carbon nanomaterials (CNs) and polymers has been proposed for a variety of industrial and scientific applications. Composite energetic materials consisting of CNs with novel laser ignition property and tunable combustion performance have attracted people's attention. Here, reported is the novel manufacturing process of uniform nitrocellulose (NC)/graphene oxide (GO) nanocomposite propellant and the micro‐structure, laser ignition and isovolumetric burning features of the propellants introduced by GO. The results of microstructure tests indicated that GO (0.25–2 wt%) was stripped and dispersed homogeneously and dense nanocomposite propellants were prepared successfully through water ultrasonic dispersion, twin‐screw mixture, as well as compression molding. The crystallization of NC was forbidden by doping GO, meanwhile, the thermal stability and thermal conductivity of the composite propellants increased slightly with the addition of GO. The results of laser ignition combustion experiments showed that GO was an efficient additive to shorten the ignition delay time from more than 2000–14 ms when 2 wt% of GO was doped, however, the combustion flame intensity was also weakened due to the addition of GO. The combustion tests in a closed bomb vessel were conducted, and the results showed that GO would not affect the stable combustion of NC at high combustion pressure, moreover, the burning rate and dynamic vivacity of the composite propellants decreased with the increase of GO content.
Emergence of terpene chemical communication in insects: Evolutionary recruitment of isoprenoid metabolism
Authors: Rebholz Zarley , Shewade Leena , Kaler Kylie , Larose Hailey , Schubot Florian , Tholl Dorothea , Morozov Alexandre V. , O’Maille Paul E. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractInsects have evolved a chemical communication system using terpenoids, a structurally diverse class of specialized metabolites, previously thought to be exclusively produced by plants and microbes. Gene discovery, bioinformatics, and biochemical characterization of multiple insect terpene synthases (TPSs) revealed that isopentenyl diphosphate synthases (IDS), enzymes from primary isoprenoid metabolism, are their likely evolutionary progenitors. However, the mutations underlying the emergence of the TPS function remain a mystery. To address this gap, we present the first structural and mechanistic model for the evolutionary emergence of TPS function in insects. Through identifying key mechanistic differences between IDS and TPS enzymes, we hypothesize that the loss of isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) binding motifs strongly correlates with the gain of the TPS function. Based on this premise, we have elaborated the first explicit structural definition of isopentenyl diphosphate‐binding motifs (IBMs) and used the IBM definitions to examine previously characterized insect IDSs and TPSs and to predict the functions of as yet uncharacterized insect IDSs. Consistent with our hypothesis, we observed a clear pattern of disruptive substitutions to IBMs in characterized insect TPSs. In contrast, insect IDSs maintain essential consensus residues for binding IPP. Extending our analysis, we constructed the most comprehensive phylogeny of insect IDS sequences (430 full length sequences from eight insect orders) and used IBMs to predict the function of TPSs. Based on our analysis, we infer multiple, independent TPS emergence events across the class of insects, paving the way for future gene discovery efforts.
Identification of equatorial waves using Hough function vectors
Authors: Castanheira José M. , Marques Carlos A. F. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractEquatorial waves are essential features of the tropical atmosphere dynamics, and their diagnosis is relevant for both operational and climate analysis. Here, we present a method for the identification of equatorial waves using the multivariate spatial structures of the eigensolutions of the linearized shallow‐water equations over the sphere, named Hough function vectors. The method does not require any a priori space–time filtering to separate westward‐ and eastward‐moving waves, and it can be applied to instantaneous or daily circulation fields. The wave types (Kelvin, Rossby, mixed Rossby–gravity, inertio‐gravity) are unambiguously identified by the intrinsic dynamical relationship between the horizontal wind components and geopotential fields represented in the multivariate meridional structures of the Hough function vectors. Both free and convectively coupled equatorial waves can be diagnosed. Moreover, different time filterings can be applied a posteriori, depending on the purposes of the analysis. This article is written as a proof of concept, and direct comparisons are made with results of other methods recently reviewed in a work published in this journal.
Impact of Covid‐19 on environmental sustainability: A bibliometric analysis
Authors: Ofori Elvis Kwame , Zhang Jin , Nyantakyi George , Hayford Isaac Sam , Tergu Clare Teroviel 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSince January 2020, the battle against COVID‐19 has been a critical priority for more than 200 nations, so as the academic community. With this regard, the scientific community produced hundreds of publications spanning various topics to remedy this worldwide epidemic. Despite this, little work has looked into its relationship to the sustainable environment debate. Nations had to implement measures such as isolation, movement restrictions, lockdown and social seclusion, just to mention a few. The consequences of these actions were felt in the economy and major societal institutions, but these reforms had indirect repercussions. This bibliometric examination provided us with reasons to be both pleased and apprehensive. It emphasizes that the overall impact on greenhouse gas emissions was reduced, but solid waste increased. Against the backdrop of the present COVID‐19 crisis, this study addressed the critical difficulties and worldwide constraints of solid waste management. Moreover, developing nations showcase less interest in research regarding the theme topic of this study. It is forecasted that economic activities shall bounce back in post pandemic era. Therefore, potential strategies have been proposed in this study in attaining long‐term environmental advantages such as (1) Fossil fuel over‐reliance reduction; (2) initiating waste management policies; (3) Policymakers and regulators must take the necessary measures to ensure that the environment's healing process is not just transitory. Therefore, findings of this study provide a framework for future research and serve as a starting point for environmental scientists to assess the consequences of COVID‐19.
Integrating sleep health into resilience research
Authors: Guida Jennifer L. , Alfini Alfonso , Lee Karen C. , Miller Christopher , Riscuta Gabriela , Rusch Heather L. , Wali Anil , Dixit Shilpy 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSleep is a biological necessity that is a critical determinant of mental and physical well‐being. Sleep may promote resilience by enhancing an individual's biological preparedness to resist, adapt and recover from a challenge or stressor. This report analyzes currently active National Institutes of Health (NIH) grants focussed on sleep and resilience, specifically examining the design of studies that explore sleep as a factor that promotes health maintenance, survivorship, or protective/preventive pathways. A search of NIH R01 and R21 research project grants that received funding in Fiscal Years (FY) 2016–2021 and focussed on sleep and resilience was conducted. A total of 16 active grants from six NIH institutes met the inclusion criteria. Most grants were funded in FY 2021 (68.8%), used the R01 mechanism (81.3%), were observational studies (75.0%), and measured resilience in the context of resisting a stressor/challenge (56.3%). Early adulthood and midlife were most commonly studied and over half of the grants focussed on underserved/underrepresented populations. NIH‐funded studies focussed on sleep and resilience, or the ways in which sleep can influence an individual's ability to resist, adapt, or recover from a challenging event. This analysis highlights an important gap and the need to expand research focussed on sleep as a promotor of molecular, physiological, and psychological resilience.
Direct Thermal Growth of Gold Nanopearls on 3D Interweaved Hydrophobic Fibers as Ultrasensitive Portable SERS Substrates for Clinical Applications
Authors: Lin Hsin‐Yao , Chen Wan‐Ru , Lu Li‐Chia , Chen Hsuen‐Li , Chen Yu‐Hsuan , Pan Michael , Chen Chi‐chia , Chen Chihchen , Yen Tzung‐Hai , Wan Dehui 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSurface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS)‐based biosensors have attracted much attention for their label‐free detection, ultrahigh sensitivity, and unique molecular fingerprinting. In this study, a wafer‐scale, ultrasensitive, highly uniform, paper‐based, portable SERS detection platform featuring abundant and dense gold nanopearls with narrow gap distances, are prepared and deposited directly onto ultralow‐surface‐energy fluorosilane‐modified cellulose fibers through simple thermal evaporation by delicately manipulating the atom diffusion behavior. The as‐designed paper‐based SERS substrate exhibits an extremely high Raman enhancement factor (3.9 × 1011), detectability at sub‐femtomolar concentrations (single‐molecule level) and great signal reproductivity (relative standard deviation: 3.97%), even when operated with a portable 785‐nm Raman spectrometer. This system is used for fingerprinting identification of 12 diverse analytes, including clinical medicines (cefazolin, chloramphenicol, levetiracetam, nicotine), pesticides (thiram, paraquat, carbaryl, chlorpyrifos), environmental carcinogens (benzo[a]pyrene, benzo[g,h,i]perylene), and illegal drugs (methamphetamine, mephedrone). The lowest detection concentrations reach the sub‐ppb level, highlighted by a low of 16.2 ppq for nicotine. This system appears suitable for clinical applications in, for example, i) therapeutic drug monitoring for individualized medication adjustment and ii) ultra‐early diagnosis for pesticide intoxication. Accordingly, such scalable, portable and ultrasensitive fibrous SERS substrates open up new opportunities for practical on‐site detection in biofluid analysis, point‐of‐care diagnostics and precision medicine.
Regulating the Wettability of Hard Carbon through Open Mesochannels for Enhanced K+ Storage
Authors: Liu Weicheng , Zhang Hehe , Ye Weibin , Xiao Bensheng , Sun Zhefei , Cheng Yong , Wang Ming‐Sheng 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHard carbons are deemed as promising anode materials for high‐performance potassium‐ion battery, but their commercialization is still hindered by the insufficient K+ transfer kinetics and poor potassiophilicity. Herein, these issues are addressed by improving the wettability of hard carbon, which can be achieved by the introduction of open mesochannels. A series of such hollow mesoporous carbon capsules with different dimensions are synthesized, which exhibit markedly enhanced wettability with electrolyte compared to the microporous counterparts. Various characterizations confirm its effects on promoting the kinetics and potassiophilicity of as‐synthesized carbons, which can be additionally improved by S‐doping. As a result, the 2D mesoporous carbon anode exhibits excellent rate capability (122.2 mAh g‐1 at 4 A g‐1), high reversible capacity (396.6 mAh g‐1 at 0.1 A g‐1 after 200 cycles), and outstanding cycling stability (197.0 mAh g‐1 at 2 A g‐1 after 1400 cycles). In addition, the hollow mesoporous architecture can effectively buffer the volume expansion and thus stabilize the carbon anodes, as visualized by in situ transmission electron microscopy. This work provides new insight for enhanced K+ storage performance from the perspective of anode wettability with electrolyte, as well as a universal anode design that combines mesochannels architecture with heteroatom doping.
CuC(O) Interfaces Deliver Remarkable Selectivity and Stability for CO2 Reduction to C2+ Products at Industrial Current Density of 500 mA cm−2
Authors: Du Ruian , Wu Qiqi , Zhang Shiyi , Wang Peng , Li Zhengjian , Qiu Yongcai , Yan Keyou , Waterhouse Geoffrey I. N. , Wang Pei , Li Jia , Zhao Yun , Zhao Wei‐Wei , Wang Xue , Chen Guangxu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) is an attractive technology for CO2 valorization and high‐density electrical energy storage. Achieving a high selectivity to C2+ products, especially ethylene, during CO2RR at high current densities (>500 mA cm−2) is a prized goal of current research, though remains technically very challenging. Herein, it is demonstrated that the surface and interfacial structures of Cu catalysts, and the solid–gas–liquid interfaces on gas‐diffusion electrode (GDE) in CO2 reduction flow cells can be modulated to allow efficient CO2RR to C2+ products. This approach uses the in situ electrochemical reduction of a CuO nanosheet/graphene oxide dots (CuOC(O)) hybrid. Owing to abundant CuOC interfaces in the CuOC(O) hybrid, the CuO nanosheets are topologically and selectively transformed into metallic Cu nanosheets exposing Cu(100) facets, Cu(110) facets, Cu[n(100) × (110)] step sites, and Cu+/Cu0 interfaces during the electroreduction step, the faradaic efficiencie (FE) to C2+ hydrocarbons was reached as high as 77.4% (FEethylene ≈ 60%) at 500 mA cm−2 . In situ infrared spectroscopy and DFT simulations demonstrate that abundant Cu+ species and Cu0/Cu+ interfaces in the reduced CuOC(O) catalyst improve the adsorption and surface coverage of *CO on the Cu catalyst, thus facilitating CC coupling reactions.