bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Fc core fucosylation and light chain isotype on IgG1 flexibility
Authors: Saporiti Simona , Laurenzi Tommaso , Guerrini Uliano , Coppa Crescenzo , Palinsky Wolf , Benigno Giulia , Palazzolo Luca , Ben Mariem Omar , Montavoci Linda , Rossi Mara , Centola Fabio , Eberini Ivano 
Published: March 2023

AbstractN-glycosylation plays a key role in modulating the bioactivity of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), as well as the light chain (LC) isotype can influence their physicochemical properties. However, investigating the impact of such features on mAbs conformational behavior is a big challenge, due to the very high flexibility of these biomolecules. In this work we investigate, by accelerated molecular dynamics (aMD), the conformational behavior of two commercial immunoglobulins G1 (IgG1), representative of κ and λ LCs antibodies, in both their fucosylated and afucosylated forms. Our results show, through the identification of a stable conformation, how the combination of fucosylation and LC isotype modulates the hinge behavior, the Fc conformation and the position of the glycan chains, all factors potentially affecting the binding to the FcγRs. This work also represents a technological enhancement in the conformational exploration of mAbs, making aMD a suitable approach to clarify experimental results.
Protein–RNA interactions: from mass spectrometry to drug discovery
Authors: Steinmetz Benjamin , Smok Izabela , Bikaki Maria , Leitner Alexander 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Proteins and RNAs are fundamental parts of biological systems, and their interactions affect many essential cellular processes. Therefore, it is crucial to understand at a molecular and at a systems level how proteins and RNAs form complexes and mutually affect their functions. In the present mini-review, we will first provide an overview of different mass spectrometry (MS)-based methods to study the RNA-binding proteome (RBPome), most of which are based on photochemical cross-linking. As we will show, some of these methods are also able to provide higher-resolution information about binding sites, which are important for the structural characterisation of protein–RNA interactions. In addition, classical structural biology techniques such as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and biophysical methods such as electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy and fluorescence-based methods contribute to a detailed understanding of the interactions between these two classes of biomolecules. We will discuss the relevance of such interactions in the context of the formation of membrane-less organelles (MLOs) by liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) processes and their emerging importance as targets for drug discovery.
Multiwavelength and astrometric study of the DBS 89−90−91 embedded clusters region
Authors: Corti M. A. , Baume G. L. , Orellana R. B. , Suad L. A. 
Published: March 2023

Aims. Our main aims are to improve our understanding of the main properties of the radio source G316.8−0.1 (IRAS 14416−5937) where the DBS 89−90−91 embedded clusters are located, to identify the stellar population present in this region, and to study the interaction of these stars with the interstellar medium.
Methods. We analyzed some characteristics of the G316.8−0.1 radio source, consulting the SUMSS to study the radio continuum emission at 843 MHz and the H I SGPS at 21 cm. We also used photometric data at the JHK bands in the region of DBS 89−90−91 clusters obtained from the VVV survey and supplemented with the 2MASS catalogue. Our investigation of possible stars associated with the H II region was complemented with an astrometric analysis using the Gaia Early Data Release 3. To study the young stellar objects (YSOs), we consulted the mid-infrared photometric information from WISE, Spitzer−GLIMPSE Surveys, and the MSX point source catalog.
Results. The photometric and astrometric research carried out in the IRAS 14416−5937 region allowed us to improve our current understanding of the DBS 89−90−91 embedded clusters and their interaction with the interstellar medium. In the case of the cluster DBS 89, we identified 9 astrophotometric candidate members and 19 photometric candidate members, whereas for DBS 90−91 clusters we found 18 candidate photometric members. We obtained a distance value for DBS 89 linked to the radio source G316.8−0.1 of 2.9 ± 0.5 kpc. We also investigated 12 Class I YSO candidates, 35 Class II YSO candidates, 2 massive young stellar objects (MYSOs), and 1 compact ionized hydrogen (CHII) region distributed throughout the IRAS 14416−5937 region. Our analysis reveals that the G316.8−0.1 radio source is optically thin at frequencies ≥0.56 GHz. The H II regions G316.8−0.1−A and G316.8−0.1−B have similar radii and ionized hydrogen masses of ∼0.5 pc and ∼35 M⊙, respectively. The ionization parameter computed with the younger spectral types of adopted members of DBS 89 and DBS 90−91 clusters shows that they are able to generate the H II regions. The flux density of the H II region G316.8−0.1−B is lower than the flux density of the H II region G316.8−0.1−A.
Conclusions. We carried out a photometric and astrometric study, looking for members of the DBS 89−90−91 embedded clusters. We were able to identify the earliest stars of the clusters as the main exciting sources of the G316.8−0.1 radio source and have also estimated the main physical parameters of this source. We improve the current knowledge of the stellar components present in the Sagittarius-Carina arm of our Galaxy and its interaction with the interstellar medium.
Optimal stereoscopic angle for 3D reconstruction of synthetic small-scale coronal transients using the CORAR technique
Authors: Lyu Shaoyu , Wang Yuming , Li Xiaolei , Zhang Quanhao 
Published: March 2023

Context.In previous studies, we applied the CORrelation-Aided Reconstruction (CORAR) technique to reconstruct three-dimensional (3D) structures of transients in the field of view (FOV) of Heliospheric Imager-1 (HI-1) on board the spacecraft STEREO-A/B. The reconstruction quality depends on the stereoscopic angle (θSun), that is, the angle between the lines connecting the Sun and two spacecraft.Aims.To apply the CORAR technique on images from the coronagraphs COR-2 on board STEREO, the impact ofθSunon the reconstruction of coronal transients should be explored, and the optimalθSunfor reconstruction should be found.Methods.We apply the CORAR method on synthetic COR-2 images containing the small-scale transient, namely the blob, in the case of variousθSun. Based on a comparison of the synthetic blob and the corresponding reconstructed structure in location and 3D shape, we assess its level of reconstruction quality. According to the reconstruction-quality levels of blobs in various positions with various attributes, we evaluate the overall performance of reconstruction in the COR-2 FOV to determine the optimalθSunfor reconstruction.Results.In the case ofθSun >  90°, we find that the range of suitableθSun, in which the small-scale transients in the COR-2 FOV typically have high reconstruction quality, is between 120° and 150°, and the optimalθSunfor reconstruction is close to 135°. In the case ofθSun <  90°, the global reconstruction performance is similar to that of (180° −θSun). We also discuss the spatial factors in determining the range of suitableθSun, and study the influence of blob properties on the reconstruction. Our work can serve as a foundation for the design of future missions containing coronagraphs from multiple perspectives, such as the newly proposed SOlar Ring mission (SOR).
Spontaneous intracranial hypotension: from cerebral venous thrombosis to neurosurgical treatment: a case series experience from a Brazilian tertiary health care center
Authors: Moreira Daniel Gabay , Félix Evandro Penteado Villar , Onishi Franz Jooji , Ferraz Henrique Ballalai , Coradine Tácio Luis Cavalcante , Braga Vinícius Lopes , Oliveira Enedina Maria Lobato de 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background Spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) is a secondary cause of headache and an underdiagnosed disease. The clinical presentation can be highly variable. It typically presents with isolated classic orthostatic headache complaints, but patients can develop significant complications such as cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT).
Objective To report 3 cases of SIH diagnosis admitted and treated in a tertiary-level neurology ward.
Methods Review of the medical files of three patients and description of clinical and surgical outcomes.
Results Three female patients with SIH with a mean age of 25.6 ± 10.0 years old. The patients had orthostatic headache, and one of them presented with somnolence and diplopia because of a CVT. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) ranges from normal findings to classic findings of SIH as pachymeningeal enhancement and downward displacement of the cerebellar tonsils. Spine MRI showed abnormal epidural fluid collections in all cases, and computed tomography (CT) myelography could determine an identifiable cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak in only one patient. One patient received a conservative approach, and the other two were submitted to open surgery with laminoplasty. Both of them had uneventful recovery and remission in surgery follow-up.
Conclusion The diagnosis and management of SIH are still a challenge in neurology practice. We highlight in the present study severe cases of incapacitating SIH, complication with CVT, and good outcomes with neurosurgical treatment.
Motor and cognitive outcomes of neonates with low birth weight in Brazil: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Radaelli Graciane , Leal-Conceição Eduardo , Kalil Neto Felipe , Taurisano Melissa Rogick Guzzi , Majolo Fernanda , Bruzzo Fernanda Thays Konat , Booij Linda , Nunes Magda Lahorgue 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background Data on the outcomes of preterm newborns in South American countries are scarce. Given the great effect of low birth weight (LBW) and/or prematurity on children's neurodevelopment, it is extremely necessary to conduct studies on these phenomena in greater depth in more heterogeneous populations such as those ones from countries with limited resources.
Methods We conducted a comprehensive literature search on databases including PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science for articles published in Portuguese and English up to March 2021 involving children born and evaluated in Brazil. The analysis of the risk of bias was adapted from the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement and used to evaluate the methodology of the included studies.
Results From the eligible trials, 25 articles were selected for qualitative synthesis, and 5 of those, for quantitative synthesis (meta-analysis). The meta-analyses showed that children born with LBW presented lower scores on motor development when compared with controls (standardized mean difference: −1.15; 95% confidence interval [95%CI]: −1.56–−0.73]; I2: 80%) and also scored lower in terms of cognitive development (standardized mean difference: −0.71; 95% CI: −0.99–−0.44; I2: 67%).
Conclusion The results of the present study reinforce that impaired motor and cognitive functions can be a significant long-term outcome of LBW. The lower the gestational age at delivery, the higher the risk of impairment in those domains. The study protocol was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) database under number CRD42019112403.
Prognosis of MGMT-Positive Gene in Patients with Brain Tumors of Grade III and Grade IV
Authors: Rajendra Ishitaa , Dhal Shikha , Goyal Sumit , Tyagi Surabhi , Sharma B. S. , Yadav Ajay , Yadav Dinesh 
Published: March 2023

Objective To evaluate MGMT gene positivity is associated with better survival in patients diagnosed with brain tumor World Health Organization (WHO) grades III and IV
Material and Methods Single-institute restrospective study. A total of 80 patients were enrolled, all underwent surgery either total or subtotal excision of the tumor and MGMT gene testing on tumor tissue by RT-PCR. All received adjuvant radiation (60 Gy/30 fractions, 5 fractions/week) with concurrent temozolomide (75 mg/m2), followed by 12 cycles of adjuvant temozolomide (150 mg/m2 1st cycle followed by 200 mg/m2) with regular follow-up.
Results A total of 80 patients, 75 underwent subtotal excision, 27 were WHO grade III vs. 48 WHO grade IV. Five underwent total excision 1 was WHO grade III vs. 4 WHO grade IV. The median PFS and OS in five patients in total excision in grade III patient was 9.0 and 20 compared with Grade IV, where the median PFS and OS was 8.8 and 17.8 months. Out of 75 patients in the subtotal group median PFS and OS, respectively, in Grade III group was 9.1 and 19.3 and, WHO grade IV with median PFS of 8.8 and OS of 18.8.
Conclusion MGMT gene positivity is a prognostic factor in grade III and IV brain tumor.
Prevalence, Habit Pattern, and Awareness on Harmful Effects of Tobacco/Areca Nut Use among Patients Visiting a Tertiary Care Center in Sri Lanka
Authors: Subasinghe S.P. Kalpana Jeewanthi , Hettiarachchi Pilana Vithanage Kalani Shihanika , Jayasinghe Ruwan Duminda 
Published: March 2023

Background The carcinogenicity of tobacco and areca nut is well established worldwide. Areca nut is the fourth most common psychoactive substance identified recently. The effects of areca nut on the autonomic nervous system make the users dependent on the habit which has been an emerging health issue among Sri Lankan adults and adolescents. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and patterns of these risk habits among the patients attending a tertiary care center in Sri Lanka, and their awareness of the harmful effects of the habit.
Method A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 512 patients using an interviewer-administered questionnaire.
Results The sample consisted of 167 (33%) tobacco consumers. The average age of the initiation of tobacco consumption was 23.66 years (standard deviation ± 8.04). Age (p = 0.001), gender (p = 0.001), income (p = 0.005), and educational level (p = 0.001) are significantly associated with tobacco consumption. There is a strong likelihood for tobacco consumers to consume areca nut (odds ratio [OR] 30.58, 95% confidence interval [CI] 17.05–54.88) and alcohol (OR 11.16, 95% CI 6.91–17.98) at any stage in their lives. The majority of the tobacco consumers (61%) were smokeless tobacco users. Areca nut consumers are 0.44 times more likely to know its carcinogenic effects than nonconsumers (95% CI 0.28–0.69). Tobacco consumers are more likely to be aware of the harmful effects of tobacco consumption than nonconsumers (OR 1.11, 95% CI 0.45–2.74). Sixty percent have made at least one attempt to quit the habit. Sixty-two percent of the unsuccessful quitters reported the reason as “addiction.”
Conclusion Prevalence of smokeless tobacco consumption prevails at a high level among Sri Lankans. Tobacco and areca nut users are more likely to be aware of its harmful effects than the nonconsumers but unable to quit the habit due to the psychoactive properties of tobacco and areca nut.
Atraumatic Bone Marrow Edema Involving the Epiphyses
Authors: Woertler Klaus , Neumann Jan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBone marrow edema (BME)-like signal intensity involving the epiphyses of tubular bones represents a frequent magnetic resonance imaging finding associated with a wide spectrum of bone and joint disorders. It is important to distinguish this finding from cellular infiltration of bone marrow and to be aware of the differential diagnosis of underlying causes. With a general focus on the adult musculoskeletal system, this article reviews the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, histopathology, and imaging findings of nontraumatic conditions associated with epiphyseal BME-like signal intensity: transient bone marrow edema syndrome, subchondral insufficiency fracture, avascular necrosis, osteoarthritis, arthritis, and bone neoplasms.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Accelerated Bone Remodeling
Authors: Vande Berg Bruno C. , Mourad Charbel , Omoumi Patrick , Malghem Jacques 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA regional acceleration of bone remodeling may possibly follow biomechanical insults to the bone. This review assesses the literature and clinical arguments supporting the hypothetical association between accelerated bone remodeling and bone marrow edema (BME)-like signal intensity on magnetic resonance imaging. BME-like signal is defined as a confluent ill-delimited area of bone marrow with a moderate decrease in signal intensity on fat-sensitive sequences and a high signal intensity on fat-suppressed fluid-sensitive sequences. In addition to this confluent pattern, a linear subcortical pattern and a patchy disseminated pattern have also been recognized on fat-suppressed fluid-sensitive sequences. These particular BME-like patterns may remain occult on T1-weighted spin-echo images. We hypothesize that these BME-like patterns, with particular characteristics in terms of distribution and signal, are associated with accelerated bone remodeling. Limitations in recognizing these BME-like patterns are also discussed.
Implementation of Wideband Acoustic Immittance in Clinical Practice: Relationships among Audiologic and Otologic Findings
Authors: Sanford Chris A. , Brockett Jeff E. , Aithal Venkatesh , AlMakadma Hammam 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA number of studies have produced normative and developmental data and examples of wideband acoustic immittance (WAI) obtained in ears with pathologies and or dysfunction. However, incorporation of this tool into clinical audiology and otolaryngology practice has been slower than expected, potentially due to challenges with interpretation, integration into existing test batteries, and confidence in practical application. This article presents information aimed at helping clinicians increase their confidence in using this new tool by becoming more familiar and making connections with the ways that WAI outcomes both align with and add to standard immittance, audiometric and otologic diagnostic test outcomes. This article presents several case studies to demonstrate the use of WAI in realistic clinical settings. Each case presents a brief background, case history, audiologic/otologic findings, and initial recommendations, followed by a discussion on how the inclusion of WAI test outcomes aids in diagnostic decisions. The overall aim of this work is to identify the relationships among different diagnostic test outcomes, to demonstrate basic WAI interpretation principles, and encourage the reader to engage with this diagnostic tool in clinical practice.
Application of spectral-domain optical coherence tomography technique to in-process measure hole depth during femtosecond laser drilling in different alloys
Authors: Xu P. , Yu Y. , Liu R. J. , Zha K. , Zhou L. , Liu Y. T. , Xu Z. 
Published: March 2023

In this paper, a real-time diagnostic based on the spectral-domain optical coherence technique has been developed to measure the hole depth during femtosecond laser drilling. This diagnostic borrows the idea of a fiber interferometer, and the hole is integrated as a part of the sample arm. By means of investigating the interference fringes detected by the line camera, the hole depth can be extracted. This diagnostic utilizes a broadband small-volume super-luminescent diode as the coherent light source, which has a central wavelength of 833 nm and a full width at half maximum of 24 nm. It has a temporal resolution of 50 µs and a maximal theoretic depth resolution of 12.8 µm. Three kinds of metal samples have been tested, confirming the ability of depth measurement. Copper has been proven to have the best-normalized reflectivity during drilling compared with aluminum alloy and stainless steel.
Simulations of light distribution on new instrumented baffles surrounding Virgo end mirrors
Authors: Macquet A , Andrés-Carcasona M , Martínez M , Mir Ll M , Romero-Rodríguez A , Yamamoto H 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
As part of the second phase of Advanced Virgo upgrade program, instrumented baffles are being constructed to be installed around the end mirrors (EMs) in the main arms, in continuation of what has been implemented for the input mode cleaner EM during phase I. These baffles will be equipped with photosensors, allowing for real-time monitoring of the stray light around the mirrors. In this paper, we present optical simulations of the light distribution in the detector’s main cavities to assess the ability of the sensors to effectively monitor misalignment and defects on the mirrors’ surface and to play a role in the pre-alignment of the interferometer.
Residual gas damping noise in constrained volume in space-borne gravitational wave detection
Authors: Mao Jiao-Jiao , Tan Yu-Jie , Liu Jian-Ping , Yang Shan-Qing , Luo Jie , Shao Cheng-Gang , Zhou Ze-Bing 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The residual gas damping in the enclosure surrounding a free-fall test mass is an important limiting factor for the sensitivity of some space detection missions. We present a constrained volume damping model for space-borne gravitational wave detection, which depends on the escape time needed for a molecule to diffuse out of the gap between two adjacent surfaces. Using a completely inelastic molecular collision prediction, we calculate the escape times in the two most common constrained volumes, cylinder and cuboid, respectively. Both calculations agree well with Monte Carlo simulations. Additionally, the theoretical model of the residual gas damping presented in this work is in good agreement with the experimental results in the ground torsion pendulum test of LISA and its precursor LISA Pathfinder.
Impact of traditional physics lab instruction on students’ critical thinking skills in a Finnish context
Authors: Pirinen P , Lehtinen A , Holmes N G 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Recent studies have given incentives to physics departments around the world to revise the learning goals of their lab courses to emphasize experimentation skills over reinforcing lecture content. Evaluation instruments have been developed to measure the achievement of learning goals, and one such instrument is the Physics Lab Inventory of Critical thinking (PLIC). The PLIC measures respondents’ ability to evaluate models, evaluate methods, and to suggest the next steps for an investigation. In the present work, we give consideration to the validity of our Finnish translation of the PLIC and we show results from our baseline study of first-year introductory lab courses with labs mixing content- and skills-related learning goals. We observed no statistically significant change in students’ critical thinking skills over the period of our study.