bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Velocity tracking control best explains the modulation of saccade kinematics during eye–hand coordination
Authors: Vasudevan Varsha , Gopal Atul , Jana Sumitash , Padhi Radhakant , Murthy Aditya 
Published: April 2023

AbstractFast movements like saccadic eye movements that occur in the absence of sensory feedback are thought to be controlled by internal feedback. Such internal feedback provides an instantaneous estimate of the output, which serves as a proxy for sensory feedback, that can be used by the controller to correct deviations from the desired plan. In the predominant view, the desired plan/input is encoded in the form of a static displacement signal (endpoint model), believed to be encoded in the spatial map of the superior colliculus (SC). However, recent evidence has shown that SC neurons have a dynamic signal that correlates with saccade velocity, suggesting that information for velocity‐based control is available for generating saccades. Motivated by this observation, we used a novel optimal control framework to test whether saccadic execution could be achieved by tracking a dynamic velocity signal at the input. We validated this velocity tracking model in a task where the peak saccade velocity was modulated by the speed of a concurrent hand movement independent of the saccade endpoint. A comparison showed that in this task, the velocity tracking model performed significantly better than the endpoint model. These results suggest that the saccadic system may have additional flexibility to incorporate a velocity‐based internal feedback control when imposed by task goals or context.
SNP discovery and genetic structure in blue mussel species using low coverage sequencing and a medium density 60 K SNP‐array
Authors: Nascimento‐Schulze Jennifer C. , Bean Tim P. , Peñaloza Carolina , Paris Josephine R. , Whiting James R. , Simon Alexis , Fraser Bonnie A. , Houston Ross D. , Bierne Nicolas , Ellis Robert P. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBlue mussels from the genusMytilusare an abundant component of the benthic community, found in the high latitude habitats. These foundation species are relevant to the aquaculture industry, with over 2 million tonnes produced globally each year. Mussels withstand a wide range of environmental conditions and species from theMytilus eduliscomplex readily hybridize in regions where their distributions overlap. Significant effort has been made to investigate the consequences of environmental stress on mussel physiology, reproductive isolation, and local adaptation. Yet our understanding on the genomic mechanisms underlying such processes remains limited. In this study, we developed a multi species medium‐density 60 K SNP‐array including four species of theMytilusgenus. SNPs included in the platform were called from 138 mussels from 23 globally distributed mussel populations, sequenced using a whole‐genome low coverage approach. The array contains polymorphic SNPs which capture the genetic diversity present in mussel populations thriving across a gradient of environmental conditions (~59 K SNPs) and a set of published and validated SNPs informative for species identification and for diagnosis of transmissible cancer (610 SNPs). The array will allow the consistent genotyping of individuals, facilitating the investigation of ecological and evolutionary processes in these taxa. The applications of this array extend to shellfish aquaculture, contributing to the optimization of this industry via genomic selection of blue mussels, parentage assignment, inbreeding assessment and traceability. Further applications such as genome wide association studies (GWAS) for key production traits and those related to environmental resilience are especially relevant to safeguard aquaculture production under climate change.
Tensile and fatigue behaviors of additively manufactured AlSi10Mg: Effect of solutionizing and aging heat treatments
Authors: Baig Shaharyar , Ghiaasiaan Reza , Shao Shuai , Shamsaei Nima 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe effects of various heat treatments on the microstructure and mechanical properties of laser beam powder bed fused AlSi10Mg were investigated. Specimens were solutionized at three different temperatures of 425°C, 475°C, and 525°C followed by natural aging (T4) prior to microstructural and mechanical characterization. In addition, the effect of aging was studied by artificially aging (i.e., T7) some of the solutionized specimens at 165°C. Solutionizing at all temperatures was observed to fully dissolve the additive manufacturing (AM) induced dendritic microstructure, leaving bulky Si and needle‐shaped β‐AlFeSi precipitates in the grain interiors and boundaries. Tensile results revealed that T4 specimens exhibited more ductility, while T7 specimens showed substantially higher strengths with slightly reduced ductility. Interestingly, no significant effect of heat treatment on strain‐life fatigue behavior was observed. Fractography found the Si particles to be responsible for tensile fracture, while AM volumetric defects were the main initiators of fatigue cracks.
Long‐term nitrogen deposition inhibits soil priming effects by enhancing phosphorus limitation in a subtropical forest
Authors: Wang Xiaohong , Li Shiyining , Zhu Biao , Homyak Peter M. , Chen Guangshui , Yao Xiaodong , Wu Dongmei , Yang Zhijie , Lyu Maokui , Yang Yusheng 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIt is widely accepted that phosphorus (P) limits microbial metabolic processes and thus soil organic carbon (SOC) decomposition in tropical forests. Global change factors like elevated atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition can enhance P limitation, raising concerns about the fate of SOC. However, how elevated N deposition affects the soil priming effect (PE) (i.e., fresh C inputs induced changes in SOC decomposition) in tropical forests remains unclear. We incubated soils exposed to 9 years of experimental N deposition in a subtropical evergreen broadleaved forest with two types of 13C‐labeled substrates of contrasting bioavailability (glucose and cellulose) with and without P amendments. We found that N deposition decreased soil total P and microbial biomass P, suggesting enhanced P limitation. In P unamended soils, N deposition significantly inhibited the PE. In contrast, adding P significantly increased the PE under N deposition and by a larger extent for the PE of cellulose (PEcellu) than the PE of glucose (PEglu). Relative to adding glucose or cellulose solely, adding P with glucose alleviated the suppression of soil microbial biomass and C‐acquiring enzymes induced by N deposition, whereas adding P with cellulose attenuated the stimulation of acid phosphatase (AP) induced by N deposition. Across treatments, the PEglu increased as C‐acquiring enzyme activity increased, whereas the PEcellu increased as AP activity decreased. This suggests that P limitation, enhanced by N deposition, inhibits the soil PE through varying mechanisms depending on substrate bioavailability; that is, P limitation regulates the PEglu by affecting soil microbial growth and investment in C acquisition, whereas regulates the PEcellu by affecting microbial investment in P acquisition. These findings provide new insights for tropical forests impacted by N loading, suggesting that expected changes in C quality and P limitation can affect the long‐term regulation of the soil PE.
Microbial nitrogen and phosphorus co‐limitation across permafrost region
Authors: Zhang Dianye , Wang Lu , Qin Shuqi , Kou Dan , Wang Siyu , Zheng Zhihu , Peñuelas Josep , Yang Yuanhe 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe status of plant and microbial nutrient limitation have profound impacts on ecosystem carbon cycle in permafrost areas, which store large amounts of carbon and experience pronounced climatic warming. Despite the long‐term standing paradigm assumes that cold ecosystems primarily have nitrogen deficiency, large‐scale empirical tests of microbial nutrient limitation are lacking. Here we assessed the potential microbial nutrient limitation across the Tibetan alpine permafrost region, using the combination of enzymatic and elemental stoichiometry, genes abundance and fertilization method. In contrast with the traditional view, the four independent approaches congruently detected widespread microbial nitrogen and phosphorus co‐limitation in both the surface soil and deep permafrost deposits, with stronger limitation in the topsoil. Further analysis revealed that soil resources stoichiometry and microbial community composition were the two best predictors of the magnitude of microbial nutrient limitation. High ratio of available soil carbon to nutrient and low fungal/bacterial ratio corresponded to strong microbial nutrient limitation. These findings suggest that warming‐induced enhancement in soil nutrient availability could stimulate microbial activity, and probably amplify soil carbon losses from permafrost areas.
What drives the evolution of body size in ectotherms? A global analysis across the amphibian tree of life
Authors: Johnson Jack V. , Finn Catherine , Guirguis Jacinta , Goodyear Luke E. B. , Harvey Lilly P. , Magee Ryan , Ron Santiago , Pincheira‐Donoso Daniel 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAimThe emergence of large‐scale patterns of animal body size is the central expectation of a wide range of (macro)ecological and evolutionary hypotheses. The drivers shaping these patterns include climate (e.g. Bergmann's rule), resource availability (e.g. ‘resource rule’), biogeographic settings and niche partitioning (e.g. adaptive radiation). However, these hypotheses often make opposing predictions about the trajectories of body size evolution. Therefore, whether underlying drivers of body size evolution can be identified remains an open question. Here, we employ the most comprehensive global dataset of body size in amphibians, to address multiple hypotheses that predict patterns of body size evolution based on climatic factors, ecology and biogeographic settings to identify underlying drivers and their generality across lineages.LocationGlobal.Time PeriodPresent.Major Taxa StudiedAmphibians.MethodsUsing a global dataset spanning 7270 (>87% of) species of Anura, Caudata and Gymnophiona, we employed phylogenetic Bayesian modelling to test the roles of climate, resource availability, insularity, elevation, habitat use and diel activity on body size.ResultsOnly climate and elevation drive body size patterns, and these processes are order‐specific. Seasonality in precipitation and in temperature predict body size clines in anurans, whereas caecilian body size increases with aridity. However, neither of these drivers explained variation in salamander body size. In both anurans and caecilians, size increases with elevational range and with midpoint elevation in caecilians only. No effects of mean temperature, resource abundance, insularity, time of activity or habitat use were found.Main ConclusionsPrecipitation and temperature seasonality are the dominant climatic drivers of body size variation in amphibians overall. Bergmann's rule is consistently rejected, and so are other alternative hypotheses. We suggest that the rationale sustaining existing macroecological rules of body size is unrealistic in amphibians and discuss our findings in the context of the emerging hypothesis that climate change can drive body size shifts.
Analytic Element Domain Boundary Conditions for Site‐Scale Groundwater Flow Modeling Los Angeles Basin
Authors: Kraemer Stephen R. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPhysics‐based groundwater flow modeling is a useful tool for the design and optimization of pump‐and‐treat systems for groundwater site cleanup. Numerical methods like finite differences and finite elements, and hybrid analytic elements, require boundary conditions (BC) to be assigned to the outer domain of the grid, mesh, or line elements. These outer BC do not always correspond with hydrogeologic features. Common practice in model setup is to either: (1) extend the model domain boundary outward such that introduced artificial outer BCs (e.g., first type head specified, second type flux specified) do not have undue influence on near‐field scale simulations; or (2) assign outer BCs to capture the effective far‐field influence (e.g., third type head‐dependent flux). Groundwater flow modeling options for assigning BCs were demonstrated for the extensively documented Dual Site Superfund cleanup in Torrance, California. The existing MODFLOW models for the Dual Site scale and the Los Angeles basin scale document the current hydrogeologic conceptual site model. Simplified analytic element AnAqSim models at the LA Basin scale, West Coast Subbasin scale, and Dual Site scale, were used for mapping near‐field domain velocity vector fields and pathline envelopes. The pump‐treat‐inject system demonstrated hydraulic containment and showed pathline envelopes relatively insensitive to BC choices. However, the near‐field domain boundary groundwater flow fields were sensitive to BC choices. The Los Angeles basin case study demonstrated the use of analytic element groundwater modeling for testing stress dependent boundaries during site pump‐treat‐inject design.
Informing Volunteer Water Quality Monitoring Program Design and Watershed Planning: Case Study of StreamSmart Data Analysis in the Upper White River Basin, Arkansas
Authors: Grantz Erin , Haggard Brian E. , 4973/5973 BENG 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe watershed group H2Ozarks founded the StreamSmart Citizen Science Program to establish baseline and long‐term water quality data for the Upper White River Basin, Arkansas. StreamSmart volunteers collect water samples and conduct habitat and macroinvertebrate community assessments at >20 sites across a land use‐land cover (LULC) gradient. Since 2020, H2Ozarks has adaptively assessed the program to ensure that the investment in water quality data meets core goals, with particular interest in planning tools and aligning expectations of volunteer effort with the level of training and support. Study objectives were to use StreamSmart data to 1) facilitate understanding of water quality response to stressors in the basin using a range of methods (Spearman rank correlation, non‐parametric changepoint analysis, and categorical and regression tree analysis) and 2) explore implications for program design and watershed planning. Water chemistry‐LULC relationships were in‐line with prior regional studies, as well as global patterns. Detected thresholds and hierarchy provide potential targets for managing LULC change to protect water quality, but further analysis is warranted to refine these relationships. Macroinvertebrate stressor‐response was most detectable for sensitive and less sensitive taxa and for habitat index components, suggesting potential to streamline these programmatic elements. Study findings for StreamSmart should also be informative for other small‐scale volunteer monitoring programs with limited resources, but which actively evaluate the types of data and program activities that yield a maximum scientific return on investment.
When dehumanization does (and does not) matter: Exploring the relationship between social justice motivations, avoidant behaviors, and intentions to help individuals experiencing homelessness
Authors: Tausen Brittany M. , Lee Jamie H. , Dischinger Anna S. , Dennis Isabelle A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHighly stigmatized groups, such as those experiencing homelessness, commonly encounter both animalistic and mechanistic dehumanization. Yet, how and when each form is related to the treatment of such groups is not well understood. We explored the relative importance of animalistic and mechanistic dehumanization in predicting behaviors to avoid and willingness to help individuals experiencing homelessness. Additionally, we probed social justice importance and engagement as potential moderators of the relationship between dehumanization and behavior. Study 1 demonstrated that animalistic dehumanization was a more significant predictor of avoidant behaviors than mechanistic dehumanization. Notably, social justice motivations moderated this relationship such that when individuals were low in social justice motivations, avoidance was high irrespective of dehumanizing attitudes. Study 2 aimed to replicate these findings in a more general sample with attention to a new outcome variable—intentions to help individuals experiencing homelessness. Results again demonstrated that animalistic dehumanization was a stronger predictor of behavior than mechanistic dehumanization. Unlike Study 1, social justice motivations did not moderate the relationship between dehumanization and intentions to help. Rather, social justice importance was a stronger predictor of variance in willingness to help than dehumanizing attitudes. Together, our findings suggest that the personal importance of social justice issues may be just as vital as reducing negative attitudes to increase positive engagement with individuals experiencing homelessness and potentially others who belong to similarly dehumanized groups.
miR‐124 mediates the expression of ccBax to regulate Cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (CyHV‐2)‐induced apoptosis and viral replication
Authors: Fu Yan , Zhang Junzhe , Cheng Wenjie , Cheng Xingyu , Lu Liqun , Gui Lang , Jiang Yousheng , Zhang Ye , Xu Dan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCyprinid herpesvirus 2 (CyHV‐2), the etiological agent of herpesvirus haematopoietic necrosis (HVHN) in carp and goldfish, has caused significant economic losses in the aquaculture industry. During viral infection, the host initiates a series of active or passive defences to regulate the process of virus infection. Apoptosis is a key component of active cellular defence, and members of the Bcl‐2 family have been shown to play a critical role in the apoptotic process. However, the mechanism of action of the Bcl‐2 family in inducing apoptosis during CyHV‐2 infection remains unclear. In this study, we revealed the molecular mechanism of miRNA‐mediated silver crucian carp BAX (ccBax) in CyHV‐2‐induced apoptosis for the first time and demonstrated that the overexpression of miR‐124 suppressed ccBax expression and significantly down‐regulated apoptosis in caudal fin cells of Carassius auratus gibelio (GiCF), while miR‐124 inhibitors were the opposite. These studies indicated that miR‐124 inhibits CyHV‐2‐induced apoptosis by reducing the expression of ccBax. Furthermore, the fact that transfection of miR‐124 mimics promoted CyHV‐2 replication, whereas miR‐124 inhibitors inhibited CyHV‐2 replication, indicated that miR‐124 inhibited CyHV‐2‐induced apoptosis and contributed to viral replication. All these results suggested that miR‐124 suppresses virus‐induced apoptosis and promotes viral replication by targeting and regulating ccBax expression.
Beyond coping: The role of supportive relationships and meaning making in youth well‐being
Authors: Looman Wendy S. , Geiger‐Simpson Elena , Eull Donna J. , Lee Jiwoo , Nersesian Paula V. , Bell Adrianna N. , Miller Angela L. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe purpose of this study was to identify coping strategies, resources, and strengths that predict well‐being in a community‐based sample of youth with varying levels of adversity.DesignGrounded in the resilience portfolio model, we used a mixed methods approach with data from a cross‐sectional sample of 231 youth ages 8–17.Materials and MethodsData were collected using a survey, participant‐generated timeline activity, and brief interview. Measures included assessments of coping and appraisal, resilience resources and assets, and subjective well‐being and depression.ResultsActive and passive coping strategies predicted subjective well‐being and depression. Controlling for demographics and coping, meaning making strengths and supportive relationships were significant predictors of subjective well‐being and lower depression, and decreased the impact of adversity on these outcomes.DiscussionThe results of this study provide support for the resilience portfolio model in a community‐based sample of youth, with relationships as predicted for subjective well‐being and symptoms of depression. For both outcomes, family relationships held the strongest associations with positive well‐being and lower symptoms of depression. Supportive relationships with peers, meaning making strengths, interpersonal strengths, less passive coping, and fewer adverse life events were also associated with better outcomes.ConclusionsThese findings underscore the need to assess youth resources and strengths and to design interventions that target these protective factors for all youth, regardless of exposure to adversity.Clinical RelevanceA theory‐informed understanding of resources and strengths that predict youth well‐being is essential to inform strengths‐based interventions for pediatric research and practice. The resilience portfolio model is a useful framework for understanding predictors of youth well‐being.
Understanding retail exclusion and promoting an inclusive customer experience at transforming service encounters
Authors: Lu Fang‐Chi , Sinha Jayati 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe authors review the marketing practices likely to make customers feel excluded (ignored or rejected) and analyze the potency of retail exclusion in the transforming service encounters due to the infusion of artificial intelligence (AI), robots, and other new technologies. Synthesizing the findings of prior studies, the authors propose an integrative theoretical framework for understanding different perspectives, psychological mechanisms, and outcomes of retail exclusion, and highlight research opportunities for retail exclusion in two contexts of service encounters: interpersonal and technology‐powered. The review aims to provide implications on proactive strategies to minimize the adverse effects of retail exclusions and promote inclusive customer experiences.
The importance of language: A comparison of consumer and academic definitions of mindfulness
Authors: Ryu Kyungin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis article created a consumer and an academic mindfulness dictionary to better understand consumers', academics', and marketers' perceptions of mindfulness. A consumer survey and text mining methods were used to create the consumer dictionary, and an extensive review of mindfulness definitions was used for the academic dictionary. The consumer dictionary described mindfulness more in terms of affect and resulting outcomes, while the academic dictionary was more cognitive and process‐oriented. The dictionaries were then applied to marketers' communications from a database of 883 company descriptions that were classified as mindful. The results showed that marketers used more terms from the consumer dictionary than the academic dictionary. The article discusses the potential for consumers to be vulnerable to marketers' communication strategies, characterized as McMindfulness and mindful washing, that can impact consumers' well‐being and brand relationships.