bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation between Mediterranean diet, bowel function, and isolated posterior vaginal defect: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Daykan Yair , Ovadia Michal , Dokic Dragana , Cohen Gal , Schonman Ron , Arbib Nissim , Klein Zvi , O'Reilly Barry A. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveIsolated posterior prolapse is a unique entity that was previously linked to chronic obstructive defecation. Our objective is to evaluate the relationship of low adherence to a Mediterranean diet (LAMD) with bowel dysfunction and isolated posterior compartment prolapse (IPCP).MethodsThis multicenter, cross‐sectional study compared the dietary outcomes (validated Mediterranean diet [MD] questionnaire) of women who underwent pelvic organ prolapse (POP) repair surgery between August 2020 and October 2021.ResultsAmong 204 patients enrolled, 108 (52.9%) patients adhered to the MD and 96 (47.0%) did not. Among the LAMD patients, increased symptoms of constipation (P = 0.047) and higher body mass index (P < 0.001) were more prevalent. Surgical repairs of the posterior compartment, combined (P = 0.033) and isolated (P = 0.021), were more prevalent in the LAMD group. Prolapse of all compartments except the apical compartment was found to be more prevalent in the LAMD group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was found to be significant as a protective factor for the primary outcome (IPCP).ConclusionLow adherence to a Mediterranean diet displays a higher prevalence of posterior vaginal defects, both isolated and combined. Hence, we can conclude that LAMD and subsequent bowel dysfunction are significant contributory factors to the prolapse of the posterior vaginal compartment.
Supply chains and risk premia in Chinese stock market: A sorted‐portfolio approach
Authors: Yang Chao , Zhao Yajun 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn the recent literature, increasing attention has been paid to cases when the shocks to a small number of firms would lead to large volatility in many sectors. Theorists find that supply chains play a role, as the shocks to a firm or a sector may propagate through the input–output linkages and form risks in the whole network. In this paper, we investigate the impact of risks from supply‐chain variations on risk premia of the A‐listed firms in the Chinese stock market from 2007 to 2021. Based on network statistics, we measure a firm's local status in the supply chains by the customer‐ and supplier‐concentration, and its global position by the centrality. We then construct corresponding risk factors using diversified portfolios sorted according to these indices. It is found that the supply‐chain positions are related to risk exposure. Firms with de‐concentrated customers/suppliers have larger risk premia than concentrated firms. Moreover, with Size controlled, the firms in the center of cross‐sector trade have higher risk premia than the peripheral ones. When these supply‐chain factors are added to Fama and French's five‐factor model with Market, Size, B/M ratio, Operating profitability, and Investment, the proportion of return variances that could be explained would increase from 51.1% to 54.9% on average.
Comparison of genetic testing documentation between genetic counselors and non‐genetic counselors
Authors: Feldman Jessica , Bhimarao Nagaraj Chinmayee , Collins Kathleen , Wakefield Emily , He Hua , Myers Melanie , Wusik Katie 
Published: January 2023

AbstractImplementation of genetic testing in healthcare increases, but access to, and number of, genetics providers remain scarce. This study analyzed the impact of genetic counselor (GC) involvement on frequency of documentation of pre‐ and post‐test counseling of genetic testing between GCs and genetics providers (GPs), and GCs and non‐genetics providers (NGPs). A retrospective chart review of 467 charts from patients who had genetic testing ordered between July 2016 and June 2018 at a primarily pediatric institution was conducted. GCs were involved for 223 charts (GC group), and not involved for 244 (non‐GC group). The non‐GC group was further stratified into patient charts with Genetics Providers (GP group) (n = 100) involved and those with Non‐Genetics Providers (NGP group) (n = 144) involved. Categorical, binomial, pre‐test variables (counseling, test description, results possibilities, insurance coverage, and cost) and categorical, binomial, post‐test variables (results disclosure, family testing recommendations, recurrence risk, and provided resources) were collected and compared using Fisher's exact test (p < 0.005). With the exception of test description, documentation for all variables occurred more frequently in the GC group compared to the NGP group (all p < 0.001). Documentation for the majority of variables also occurred more frequently in the GC group compared to the GP group (p < 0.005), with the exceptions of overall pre‐test counseling and family testing recommendations. GC involvement was associated with increased documentation of most pre‐ and post‐test genetic counseling variables. With increased emphasis placed on transparency, accurateness, and access for patients of the EMR, in part due to the passage of the CARES Act, documentation should reflect the content of counseling provided. The cause of the documentation discrepancy identified may have differing effects on patient care and provider education.
Blood loss in laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy could be underestimated
Authors: Okui Norimitsu , Furukawa Kenei , Taniai Tomohiko , Haruki Koichiro , Tsunematsu Masashi , Sakamoto Taro , Uwagawa Tadashi , Onda Shinji , Gocho Takeshi , Ikegami Toru 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundPrevious studies have reported that laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy (LDP) has an advantage in reducing blood loss over open distal pancreatectomy (ODP). This study was performed to investigate whether blood loss is truly reduced in LDP.MethodsA total of 113 patients undergoing DP from 2014 to 2022 were classified into Open and LDP groups and compared by statistical analysis. Estimated blood loss (EBL) was calculated from the perioperative changes in the hematocrit, hemoglobin, or red blood cell volume, and actual blood loss (ABL) was taken from the operative record.ResultsABL was significantly lower in the LDP than ODP group (50[5–1350] vs 335 [5–1950] ml, P < .01). However, there were no significant differences in EBL calculated from the hematocrit (406 [66–1990] vs 540 [23–1490] ml, P = .14), hemoglobin, or red blood cell volume. EBL showed more linear correlations with ABL in the ODP group (r = 0.64–0.73) than in the LDP group (r = 0.52–0.57). In the multivariate analysis for ABL, ODP (P = .02) and operative time (P < .01) were significant factors. In contrast, no significant factors were found for EBL.ConclusionsIntraoperative blood loss may be underestimated in LDP, and a new evaluation method needs to be established.
Synthesis and anticancer activity of some thiophene, thienyl‐thiazole, and thienyl‐benzofuran analogues
Authors: El‐Rayyes Ali , Almatari Altaf S. , Abdel‐Ghani Ghada E. , Saeed Ali , Abdel‐Latif Ehab 
Published: January 2023

AbstractN‐(Anisyl)‐5‐(2‐chloroacetamido)‐4‐cyano‐3‐methylthiophene‐2‐carboxamide (3) was synthesized and reacted with several nucleophilic reagents. The reactions with sulfur nucleophiles (namely, mercaptoacetic acid, ethyl 2‐mercaptoacetate, 5‐(phenylamino)‐1,3,4‐thiadiazole‐2‐thiol, 2‐mercapto‐4,6‐dimethyl‐nicotinonitrile, 4‐anilino‐3‐arylazo‐4‐mercapto‐butenones, ethyl 3‐anilino‐2‐arylazo‐3‐mercapto‐acrylates, and ammonium thiocyanate) yielded the corresponding sulfide, thiophene, or thiazolin‐4‐one derivatives, respectively. The reaction with salicylaldehyde (an example of oxygen nucleophile) furnished the targeting benzofuran compound 21. The reactions with nitrogen nucleophiles (namely, piperidine and aniline) yielded the corresponding thiophene‐carboxamide derivatives 23 and 25, respectively. IR, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR were used to deduce the structures of the target thiophene containing compounds. The effect of the synthesized thiophenes on the viability of HepG2, A2780, and A2780CP was determined. The most effective drug was shown by the thienopyridine‐carboxamide compound 11, against liver cancer cell lines (HepG2) and ovarian cancer cell lines (A2780CP and A2780), whose IC50 values were remarkably near those of Sorafenib, the antitumor drug.
Ethnic minority CEO turnover: Resource‐based and leadership categorization perspectives
Authors: Ursel Nancy , Durante Adriano , Elsaid Eahab 
Published: January 2023

SummaryWe use the resource‐based theory and leadership categorization theory to develop hypotheses about ethnic minority CEO turnover. Using survival analysis, we test the hypotheses and find that, as a group, ethnic minority CEOs at US firms experience only about half of the risk of turnover at any time as do nonethnic minority CEOs. However, the risk is not spread evenly across ethnic minority subgroups. Asian and Hispanic CEOs experience lower risk of turnover than nonethnic minority CEOs. Black CEOs of US firms do not share this reduced risk of turnover. We find that the resource‐based theory is consistent with the turnover experience of Asian and Hispanic ethnic minority CEOs, but that it is not useful for explaining Black CEO turnover. Some implications of our findings are the following: (1) In research, all minorities should not be treated as a single homogenous group, and (2) in practice, it may be useful to increase CEO social capital to lengthen tenure.
Contribution of photic and aphotic N2 fixation to production in an oligotrophic sea
Authors: Landou Etai , Lazar Boaz , LaRoche Julie , Fennel Katja , Berman‐Frank Ilana 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDinitrogen (N2) fixation was investigated at a pelagic station in the oligotrophic waters of the northern Gulf of Aqaba, Red Sea, between February 2016 and December 2018. In situ 15N2 and 13C incubations were used to evaluate photic and aphotic N2 fixation rates and diazotrophic contribution to water column productivity. N2 fixation rates were typically low (below detection to <0.5 nmol N L−1 d−1). Maximal rates of 3.1 nmol L−1 d−1, measured at 100 m when conspicuous slicks of the cyanobacterium Trichodesmium appeared on the surface water. Amplicon sequencing of nifH demonstrated that non‐cyanobacterial diazotrophs, mostly α‐ and γ‐proteobacteria comprised the majority (82–100%) of amplicon sequence variants retrieved from photic and aphotic depths when low N2 fixation rates were measured, while amplicons representing cyanobacteria were nearly absent, but appeared in low abundance (~ 2%) when maximal rates were measured. During the stratified summer‐period, water‐column N2 fixation rates (10–75 μmol m−2 d−1) comprised ~ 1–40% of new production (NP). During the winter mixing period N2 fixation rates were considerably higher (11–242 μmol m−2 d−1) but made up only <1% of NP. This is because, during this period, nitrate supplied to the photic zone by the vertical mixing becomes the major N source for NP. We conclude that on an annual average, diazotrophy plays a minor role in the NP of the Gulf. The major “new” nitrogen sources are cross‐thermocline turbulent diffusion of nitrate during summer stratification and vertical mixing during the fall–winter.
The effects of news authenticity and social media tie strength on consumer dissemination behavior
Authors: Lin Hsin‐Hui , Chen Ching‐Feng , Wu Chih‐Lun 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis study explores the effect of brand news authenticity and social media tie strength on consumer news attitudes, word‐of‐mouth reviews, and sharing behavior in the context of social media platforms. Besides, the moderating roles of review sidedness and consumer information literacy on the respective effects of news authenticity and social media tie strength on consumer attitudes, word‐of‐mouth reviews, and sharing behavior were also examined. An experimental design was used to test the research model and hypotheses. The findings present several important theoretical and practical implications for efforts by marketers to manage the impact of fake news on their brands.
Ferroptosis‐modulating small molecules for targeting drug‐resistant cancer: Challenges and opportunities in manipulating redox signaling
Authors: Koeberle Solveigh C. , Kipp Anna P. , Stuppner Hermann , Koeberle Andreas 
Published: January 2023

AbstractFerroptosis is an iron‐dependent cell death program that is characterized by excessive lipid peroxidation. Triggering ferroptosis has been proposed as a promising strategy to fight cancer and overcome drug resistance in antitumor therapy. Understanding the molecular interactions and structural features of ferroptosis‐inducing compounds might therefore open the door to efficient pharmacological strategies against aggressive, metastatic, and therapy‐resistant cancer. We here summarize the molecular mechanisms and structural requirements of ferroptosis‐inducing small molecules that target central players in ferroptosis. Focus is placed on (i) glutathione peroxidase (GPX) 4, the only GPX isoenzyme that detoxifies complex membrane‐bound lipid hydroperoxides, (ii) the cystine/glutamate antiporter system Xc− that is central for glutathione regeneration, (iii) the redox‐protective transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor (NRF2), and (iv) GPX4 repression in combination with induced heme degradation via heme oxygenase‐1. We deduce common features for efficient ferroptotic activity and highlight challenges in drug development. Moreover, we critically discuss the potential of natural products as ferroptosis‐inducing lead structures and provide a comprehensive overview of structurally diverse biogenic and bioinspired small molecules that trigger ferroptosis via iron oxidation, inhibition of the thioredoxin/thioredoxin reductase system or less defined modes of action.
A kernel‐based method for solving the time‐fractional diffusion equation
Authors: Fardi Mojtaba 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we focus on the development and study of a numerical method based on the idea of kernel‐based approximation and finite difference discretization to obtain the solution for the time‐fractional diffusion equation. Using the theory of reproducing kernel, reproducing kernel functions with a polynomial form will be established in polynomial reproducing kernel spaces spanned by the Chebychev basis polynomials. In the numerical method, first the time‐fractional derivative term in the aforementioned equation is approximated by using the finite difference scheme. Then, by the help of collocation method based on reproducing kernel approximation, we will illustrate how to derive the numerical solution in polynomial reproducing kernel space. Finally, to support the accuracy and efficiency of the numerical method, we provide several numerical examples. In numerical experiments, the quality of approximation is calculated by absolute error and discrete error norms.
Design, synthesis, and antifungal activity of novel dithiin tetracarboximide derivatives as potential succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors
Authors: Ma Zhi , Qiu Shuo , Zhang Dong , Guo Xinying , Lu Yuele , Fan Yongxian , Chen Xiaolong 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDSuccinate dehydrogenase inhibitor (SDHI) fungicides are an important class of agricultural fungicides with the advantages of high efficiency and a broad bactericidal spectrum. To pursue novel SDHIs, a series of N‐substituted dithiin tetracarboximide derivatives were designed, synthesized, and characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and high resolution mass spectrum (HRMS).RESULTSThese engineered compounds displayed potent fungicidal activity against phytopathogens, including Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Botrytis cinerea, and Rhizoctonia solani, comparable with that of the commercial SDHI fungicide boscalid. In particular, compound 18 stood out with prominent activity against S. sclerotiorum with a half‐maximal effective concentration (EC50) value of 1.37 μg ml−1. Compound 1 exhibited the most potent antifungal activity against B. cinerea with EC50 values of 5.02 μg ml−1. As for R. solani, 12 and 13 exhibited remarkably inhibitory activity with EC50 values of 4.26 and 5.76 μg ml−1, respectively. In the succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) inhibition assay, 13 presented significant inhibitory activity with a half‐maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of 15.3 μm, which was approximately equivalent to that of boscalid (14.2 μm). Furthermore, molecular docking studies revealed that 13 could anchor in the binding site of SDH.CONCLUSIONTaken together, results suggested that the dithiin tetracarboximide scaffold possessed a huge potential to be developed as novel fungicides and SDHIs. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Skin Permeation and Penetration of Mometasone Furoate in the Presence of Emollients: An Ex Vivo Evaluation of Clinical Application Protocols
Authors: Beebeejaun Mubinah T. , Brown Marc B. , Hutter Victoria , Kravitz Laura , McAuley William J. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background
Topical corticosteroids (TCS) and emollients are developed independently by the pharmaceutical industry but are often used together in practice. There is potential for the TCS and emollient formulations to interact on the skin surface affecting TCS absorption into the skin. Clinical guidelines acknowledge this issue but lack an evidence base and differ in their recommendations. There is a current clinical need to establish whether the application protocol employed for TCS and emollient products can impact delivery of TCS to the skin.

Objectives
To investigate whether the sequence of application of a TCS and emollient and the time between their application can affect TCS skin absorption.

Methods
The delivery of mometasone furoate (MF) to ex vivo human skin was evaluated following the application of Elocon cream either 5 or 30 min, before and after three different emollients. Mechanistic explanation of the changes in drug absorption was provided by modelling the skin permeation data and Raman microscopy of mixed Elocon cream and emollient formulations.

Results
A circa fivefold difference in MF absorption was observed depending on the emollient and application protocol. Applying Elocon cream at short intervals in relation to Hydromol intensive significantly increased MF absorption regardless of the application protocol. In contrast, applying Elocon cream after Diprobase cream or ointment significantly reduced MF absorption relative to Elocon cream alone or when Elocon cream was applied before these emollients. The changes in drug absorption observed were attributed to the presence of emollients altering Elocon cream formulation performance through different mechanisms, including introduction of penetration enhancing excipients and inducing drug crystallization in the mixed TCS emollient layer on the skin surface.

Conclusions
Emollients can affect MF absorption in different ways depending on the emollient and sequence of administration. Using a 30 min gap between product applications may not be sufficient to mitigate emollient effects on TCS absorption.
Convenient Synthesis of Selenomethylene[ψ(CH2Se)] Unnatural Amino Acids and Dipeptidomimetics
Authors: Alavandimat Nanda Hampasagarada , Bharamawadeyar Swetha , Marulappa Vishwanatha Thimmalapura , Sureshbabu Vommina Venkata 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA convenient protocol for the synthesis of pseudopeptides containing selenomethylene [ψ(CH2Se)] moiety as amide bond surrogate is delineated, starting from Nβ‐protected amino diselenides. The key step of the synthesis standsin situgeneration of selenol from diselenide, which is trapped by bromide, importantly β‐bromides. Overall, the chemistry reported here is simple.
Loss‐function mutants of OsCKX gene family based on CRISPR‐Cas systems revealed their diversified roles in rice
Authors: Zheng Xuelian , Zhang Shuting , Liang Yanling , Zhang Rui , Liu Li , Qin Pengchen , Zhang Zhe , Wang Yan , Zhou Jianping , Tang Xu , Zhang Yong 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCytokinin (CTK) is an important plant hormone that promotes cell division, controls cell differentiation, and regulates a variety of plant growth and development processes. Cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase (CKX) is an irreversible cytokinin‐degrading enzyme that affects plant growth and development by regulating the dynamic balance of CTKs synthesis and degradation. There are presumed 11 members of the CKX gene family in rice (Oryza sativa L.), but limited members have been reported. In this study, based on CRISPR‐Cas9 and CRISPR‐Cas12a genome‐editing technology, we established a complete set of OsCKX1‐OsCKX11 single‐gene mutants, as well as double‐gene and triple‐gene mutants of different OsCKXs gene combinations with high similarity. The results revealed that CRISPR‐Cas12a outperformed Cas9 to generate biallelic mutations, multi‐gene mutants, and more diverse genotypes. And then, we found, except the reported OsCKX2, OsCKX4, OsCKX9 and OsCKX11, OsCKX5, OsCKX6, OsCKX7, and OsCKX8 also had significant effects on agronomic traits such as plant height, panicle size, grain size, and grain number per panicle in rice. In addition, the different loss‐of‐function of the OsCKX genes also changed the seed appearance quality and starch composition. Interestingly, by comparing different combinations of multi‐gene mutants, we found significant functional redundancy among OsCKX gene members in the same phylogenetic clade. These data collectively reveal the diversified regulating capabilities of OsCKX genes in rice, and also provide the valuable reference for further rice molecular breeding.
Development of ductile green flame retardant poly(lactic acid) composites using hydromagnesite&huntite and bio‐based plasticizer
Authors: Erdem Ayşegül , Doğan Mehmet 
Published: January 2023

AbstractTurning brittle poly(lactic acid) (PLA) to ductile form via plasticizer inclusion is an effective option in the case of processing with high amounts of additives. Additionally, the integration of natural flame retardants to PLA involving bio‐based plasticizer enables to use of environmentally friendly composites in conditions where fire resistance performance is required. In the current study, ductile green fire retardant PLA composites were manufactured using hydromagnesite&huntite (HH) as a natural fire retardant additive and acetyl tributyl citrate as a bio‐based plasticizer. The influences of plasticizer and HH contents on the fire retardant, thermal and mechanical performances of the composites were explored. According to test results, the limiting oxygen index (LOI) value of PLA reduced from 29.2 to 28.0 and the UL‐94 V rating changed from V2 to BC with the addition of 20 wt% plasticizer owing to the reduction in melt viscosity. The peak heat release rate (pHRR) and average heat release rate (avHRR) values increased steadily as the concentration of plasticizer increased due to the formation of a more porous residue structure stemming from the increased transportation rate of gases. In order to produce ductile flame retardant material, the plasticizer content was required to 20 wt% of HH. The highest LOI value (36.2) and UL‐94 rating of V0 were achieved with the inclusion of 70 wt% HH in the presence of 20 wt% plasticizer. Improvement in impact resistance and reduction in tensile strength were observed as the added amount of plasticizer increased.