bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does Geopolitical Risk Trigger Energy Inflation in the European Economic Area? Evidence from a Panel Time-Varying Regression
Authors: Olasehinde-Williams Godwin , Olanipekun Ifedola , Usman Ojonugwa 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This paper examines the reaction of energy inflation to geopolitical risks in the European Economic Area between 1990 and 2015. The paper is an attempt to reveal the time-varying characteristics of the relationship by applying the nonparametric time-varying coefficient panel data model with fixed effects. In addition, to further reveal potential tail effects that may not have been captured by conditional mean-based regressions, the method of moments quantile regression was also employed. Conclusions reached on the basis of the findings are as follows; first, as these European countries get exposed to geopolitical tensions, it is expected that energy prices will surge. Second, the study shows that the ability of geopolitical risk to trigger energy inflation in recent times is not as powerful as it used to be. Third, results reveal that countries that are already better at managing inflation, when exposed to more geopolitical risks, experience smaller increases in energy inflation. On the other hand, countries that are already struggling with inflation control, when exposed to more geopolitical risk, experience even greater energy inflation. Overall, the study findings lead us to the conclusion that transitioning from non-renewable to renewable energy use is one channel through which the sampled countries can battle the energy inflation which geopolitical risks trigger. A sound macroeconomic policy for inflation control is a complementary channel through which the same goal can be achieved.
Impact of non-weight-dependent low-dose somatropin on bone accrual in childhood-onset GH deficient in the transition: an 18-month randomized controlled trial
Authors: KUBA VALESCA MANSUR , CASTRO ANTONIA BARBOSA DE SOUZA , LEONE CLAUDIO , DAMIANI DURVAL 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Objective Discontinuation of growth hormone therapy (rhGH) upon completion of linear growth may adversely affect bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) in adolescents with childhood-onset GH deficiency (CO-GHD) and predispose them to osteoporosis. In the present study, we analyzed the impact of non-weight-based low-dose somatropin withdrawal on bone accrual during this transition among CO-DGH patients who had been treated since childhood.
Methods Lumbar spine (LS) and whole-body (WB) BMD and BMC were measured at baseline and after 18 months in 54 adolescents (age: 16.8 ±1.6 years). They were retested and reclassified as GH sufficient (GS, n= 28) and GH insufficient. The last group were later randomized to use rhGH (GH+; n= 15) or no treatment (GH-, n= 11) in this single-center open-label study. The average dose of rhGH was 0.5 ± 0.18 mg/day.
Results When comparing the 3 groups, the GH group had a lower percentage change in LS BMD than the GS group (0.53 % ± 5.9 vs. 4.42 % ± 4.1, respectively, p < 0.04). However, in the analysis of the GH+ and GH- subgroups, the LS BMC percentage change was higher in the GH+ group (11.02% ± 10.12 vs. 2.05 % ± 10.31, respectively, p< 0.04).
Conclusions Non-weight-based low-dose somatropin withdrawal for 18 months limits bone accrual in LS of CO-DGH in transition. More studies on this therapeutic regimen are necessary to assess the long-term impact on peak bone mass in these younger populations.
The Effects of Trade, Renewable Energy, and Financial Development on Consumption-Based Carbon Emissions
Authors: Rehan Muhammad , GUNGOR Selim , Qamar Mehjbeen , Naz Aziza 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Recently, there has been a lot of focus on global trade and consumption-based carbon (CCO2) emissions. More research, however, has examined how financial development (FD) and international trade in renewable energy affect CO2 emissions. Furthermore, there are no distinct trends in the research about how globalization affects environmental quality. Our research analyses and empirically investigates the relationship between CCO2 emissions and renewable energy, FD, and trade. A large panel of data from 41 G20 and European Union (EU) countries is assembled for empirical analysis from 1990–2019. The practical outcomes of panel quantile regression and feasible generalized least square (FGLS) approaches display that renewable energy and FD positively relate to CCO2 emissions; furthermore, trade to GDP hurts CCO2 emissions; market classification has been taken as a control variable which shows that the developed countries released more carbon than non-developed countries. These results suggest that the financial sector focuses more on supporting companies that use ecologically friendly techniques and pushing them to use other energy well-organized technologies in their production processes. As a result, CCO2 emissions will be reduced, preventing environmental damage at the non-renewable energy plant.
Family analysis and literature study of hereditary hypophosphatemic rickets with hypercalciuria
Authors: Wang Lufeng , Gulimire Kulaixi , Jiazireya Zaiyinati , Guzhalikezi Aibai , Du Danyang , Guo Yanying 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Hereditary hypophosphatasia rickets with hypercalciuria (HHRH) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterised by reduced renal phosphate reabsorption leading to hypophosphataemia, rickets and bone pain.
Case presentation
To learn about the clinical presentation and treatment of the disease, we performed Clinical examinations, biochemical, radiological analyses and mutation analysis of SLC34A3 (exons and adjacent introns) of the proband and her members of the family. The proband and her affected sister are mutation of SLC34A3 ( exon 13 c.1402C༞T;p.R468W) disease-causing gene mutation. Her parents were both asymptomatic heterozygous carriers of the mutation. The genetic results also suggest that the patient has an LRP5 variant of Uncertain significance, which is a rare homozygous mutation.
Conclusion
This case is being reported to raise awareness of HHRH presenting characteristics. This paper describes a case of an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern in the context of SLC34A3 and LRP5 gene mutation, which has hitherto not been described in the context of the two genes at the same time. It is inconclusive whether the superposition of the two gene variants exacerbates clinical symptoms. This report provides an accurate diagnosis is critical, With early diagnosis and correct treatment, patients will have a better prognosis.
Clinical outcomes of Descemet's membrane endothelial keratoplasty without routine prophylactic peripheral iridotomy
Authors: Mukhija Ritika , Quiney Gabriella , Nanavaty Mayank 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo analyze the outcomes and complications of Descemet's Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty (DMEK) performed without prophylactic peripheral iridotomy (PI).MethodsDesign:Retrospective study.Setting:institutional, tertiary care eye hospitalStudy Population:All patients who underwent DMEK or DMEK combined with phacoemulsification (DMEK triple) for Fuch's Endothelial Dystrophy, using a standardized protocol between Aug 2016 to July 2021, were included. Previous glaucoma surgery, laser PI, aphakia or complicated pseudophakia were excluded.Main Outcome Measures:Primary outcomes: incidence of the pupillary block (PB). Secondary outcomes: graft detachment (GD), rebubbling rates, uncorrected (UCDVA) & best corrected LogMAR distance visual acuity (BCDVA) and endothelial cell loss (ECL) at six months. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test and stepwise backward regression analysis.Results104 eyes of 72 patients were included. Four eyes (3.8%) developed PB. In two of these cases of PB, standard protocol was not followed; in the other two, there was an inadequate release of gas and aqueous on day 1. Significant GD occurred in 7 eyes (6.6%), and rebubbling in theatre was needed in 4 eyes (3.8%). PB, GD and rebubbling rates did not vary with the surgeon, surgery, or tamponade (air or SF6 gas). UCDVA, BCDVA and ECL at 6 months were 0.29±0.31, 0.20±0.28 and 40.46±20.36%, respectively.ConclusionsCompared to previously reported outcomes of DMEK with PI, our results of PI less DMEK using a standardized protocol have a similar incidence of pupillary block, graft detachment, and rebubbling, with comparable visual acuity and endothelial cell loss.
Adoptive macrophages reverse the immunosuppressive microenvironment in glioblastoma via programmed phenotypic polarization
Authors: Fan Yang , Yin Hang , Yao Bolin , Zhao Jing , Cheng Guangli , Tang Yaqi , Chen Luo , Chen Jian , Zhou Ji , Wang Cong , Li Ren , Zhao Botao , Zhang Xiao-Yong , Gao Xihui , Li Cong 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) are abundant in glioblastoma (GBM) and play important roles in maintaining the suppressive tumour immune microenvironment (TIME). Strategies have been tried to deplete or transform the TAMs, but they face challenges to fundamentally reshape the TIME. Here, we report adoptively transferred macrophages as a new strategy to repolarize TAMs, modulate TIME and suppress GBM growth. We reveal adoptive macrophages primed to anti-inflammatory phenotype exhibit higher efficacy in traversing tumour vasculature and homing into GBM than those with pro-inflammatory phenotypes. Engineered anti-inflammatory macrophages, eM2-Mφs, are developed and show a unique characteristic of programmed phenotype repolarization. The adoptively transferred eM2-Mφs home to GBM efficiently post intravenous administration and their spontaneous transition into proinflammatory phenotype triggers reprogramming of endogenous TAMs. Moreover, low-dose irradiation (LDI) markedly enhances TAM infiltration and synergizes with adoptive eM2-Mφs to reverse the suppressive TIME. Combined treatment with LDI and eM2-Mφs followed by checkpoint inhibitor remarkably extends the survival of mouse models bearing intracranial GBM allografts. Collectively, this study provides an adoptive non-genetic engineered macrophage therapy to enhance immunotherapeutic response to GBM.
How can water be harvested from the air? The evidence from Bolivia
Authors: Urquidi Ariel , Czarnecki Lukasz 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The objective of this paper is to analyze how to harvest water from the air in Bolivia. To collect water from the air by condensation two fog collectors were built in Kañuma, located in La Paz, the capital of Bolivia. The environmental conditions, such as wind direction and velocity, temperature, humidity and barometric pressure, were calculated using a Davis Vantage Pro2 weather station. Formal quasi-experimental research was implemented to determine the cause-effect relationship of the quantity of water collected and the environmental conditions over 21 days. Daily controls were performed, analyzing the volume of harvested water regarding evapotranspiration and the psychrometric constant. Our results show that it was possible to harvest almost 89 ml/day/m2 in both models in just 21 days of experimentation. In addition, we want to shed light on sustainable development and public policy implementation on water collection alternatives, especially for high and mountainous areas, where we can locate some of the poorest communities in Bolivia.
The Comparison of the Effect of Double Reverse Traction Repositor (DRTR) and Traction Table Assisted Anterograde Intramedullary Nail in the Treatment of Femoral Shaft Fractures
Authors: Song Wei , Wang Yueying , Chen Weihao , Zhang Zhenqian , Liu Xuzhou , Ou Guoji , Cheng Benqiang , Lin Hongsheng 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to compare the clinical efficacy of DRTR (Double Reverse Traction Repositor, DRTR）and Traction Table in the treatment of femoral shaft fractures with the aid of AN-IMN (Antegrade intramedullary nailing).
PATIENTS AND METHODS: In this study, patients with femoral shaft fractures admitted to the Department of Orthopedics at Zhaoqing First People's Hospital from May 2018 to October 2022 were recruited. All patients were treated with anterograde intramedullary nailing, with 23 patients in the DRTR-assisted group and 21 patients in the traction table-assisted group. The demographic characteristics, fracture classification, intraoperative data, postoperative data, and prognostic indicators of the two groups were recorded and analyzed retrospectively. All procedures were performed by the same team of experienced physicians.
RESULTS: All the patients in the two groups were followed up for more than 12 months. Both traction methods could provide stable traction for the operator during AN-IMN, and there was no significant difference in demographic characteristics and fracture classification. The intraoperative fluoroscopy times and opening reduction rate of the DRTR group were lower than those of the traction table group (P < 0.05), and the postoperative Harris Hip Score, as well as the Lyshol Lysholm knee function Score of the DRTR group, were significantly lower than the traction table group members (P < 0.05). Postoperative complications such as perineal soft tissue injury and lateral femoral cutaneous nerve injury occurred in the traction table group, but not in the DRTR group.
Conclusion: DRTR can safely and effectively provide continuous and stable traction in the femoral shaft fractures surgery, and outperforms the traction table in the number of intraoperative fluoroscopy, opening reduction rate, reduction of complications, and postoperative joint function score.
Physical side effects of covid-19 vaccines reported among healthcare workers in Sudan: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Elmadani Mohammed , Altijani Abdelrhman A.G. , Tamomh Abdelhakam G. , Osman Manasik Yahia Abakr , Taher Mastora Yaqoub Ahmed Al , Fadol Mishkat Seddig Ismael , Orsolya Máté 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background: COVID-19 is quickly becoming a global health issue. For the first time in the history of extremely contagious illnesses, a vaccine has been created in one year. Vaccination is having a beneficial impact across the globe. Elimination of this sickness is still far from the reality due to virus mutations.
Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the side effects of the COVID-19 vaccine among healthcare workers in Kosti Teaching Hospital, Sudan (October 2021- June 2022). Google forms were used to collect data. Samples were taken using total coverage. The data were analyzed using SPSS v28 and the association between variables was checked using the Q-square and Fisher's Exact Test.
Result: This study includes (133) participants, the majority are female (77.4%) and the rest were male (22.6%) and the main age group is (37.98 ± 9.5 SD) years. About three-quarters of the study population )76.7%) showed side effects after getting a vaccine. The following adverse effects were experienced by study participants: mild pain at the injection site (77.5%), fever (65%), headache (50%) and fatigue (43%). About 7% were unable to work the next day owing to side effects. Significant differences were observed between the side effects and marital status; p-value = (.005), type of vaccine p-value = (.042) and age p-value = (.021). No significant differences between vaccine side effects and age, previous infection with COVID-19, gender, occupation, number of hours spent at work and infection with other chronic illnesses (p-value< 0.05).
Conclusion: Based on current research, pain at the injection site is the most frequent adverse reaction, demonstrating the vaccine's safety and the absence of any problems or lethal effects. Additionally, these side effects don't significantly affect daily activities.
Visualization of metabolic parameters after colorectal carcinoma patients using [68Ga]Ga-FAPI PET
Authors: Sun Rui , Zeng Guangping , Huang Zhanwen , Chen Xiaoliang 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
This study evaluated the relationship between metabolic parameters derived from gallium 68-labeled fibroblast-activation protein inhibitor ([68Ga]Ga-FAPI)and Tumor, Node, Metastasis stages in colorectal carcinoma.
Methods
A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients with colorectal carcinoma who underwent pre-surgical [68Ga]Ga-FAPI positron emission tomography/computed tomography between October 2021 and June 2022. The metabolic parameters derived from [68Ga]Ga-FAPI positron emission tomography/computed tomography for primary colorectal carcinoma lesions were calculated and recorded at different thresholds, including the maximum and mean standardized uptake values, as were the gross tumor volume- and total lesion-fibroblast-activation protein inhibitor. Tumor, Node, Metastasis classification was defined according to the 7th American Joint Committee on Cancer. The difference in quantitative parameters between Tumor, Node, Metastasis stage groups was assessed, and receiver operating characteristic analyses with the area under the curve were performed to evaluate the predictive performance of metabolic parameters.
Results
Thirty-three patients (median age, 61 years [interquartile range, 54–71 years]; 19 men, 14 women) were evaluated. With respect to [68Ga]Ga-FAPI parameters, 30% of maximum standardized uptake values, 40% of maximum standardized uptake values, 50% of maximum standardized uptake values, 60% of maximum standardized uptake values, 30% of mean standardized uptake values, 40% of mean standardized uptake values, and 50% of mean standardized uptake values were correlated with T3–4 stage primary colorectal carcinoma (all p < 0.05). Among these parameters, 30% of mean standardized uptake values showed the highest predictive performance for T3–4 stages, with an area under the curve of 0.761 (95% confidence interval: 0.591–0.931), sensitivity of 67.4% (95% confidence interval: 0.472–0.681), and specificity of 90.0% (95% confidence interval: 0.557–0.796).
Conclusions
Metabolic parameters derived from [68Ga]Ga-FAPI provide a noninvasive assessment of Tumor status in patients with colorectal carcinoma, and 30% of mean standardized uptake values has the highest predictive value for Tumor stage diagnosis.
Fire needle for the moderate obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea ayndrome(OSAHS): study protocol for a multicenter randomized controlled trial
Authors: Song Yuqiang , Sun Sanfeng , Wang Jingfei , Shen Linbo , Zhang Yuzhuo , Sun Jie , Sun Jingqing , Wen Yali , Du Xin , Fu Yuanbo 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is considered to be greatly harmful due to its high incidence and low awareness rate, and has a considerable adverse impact on quality of life (QoL) for patients and their cohabitants. Our previous pilot trial suggested that fire needle might be a potential treatment option for OSAHS. We will conduct this trial to assess the efficacy and safety of fire needle for the moderate OSAHS.
Methods/design
A total of 102 eligible patients will be randomly allocated to either the fire needle group or the sham acupuncture group. Each patient will receive 16 sessions over eight weeks. The primary outcome is apnea hypopnea index (AHI). Secondary outcomes includes oxygen desaturation index (ODI)and other polysomnography (PSG) monitoring indicators, scores of Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) questionnaires, scores of Epworth sleepiness (ESS) scale questionnaires and visual analogue scores (VAS) of the patient's snoring by cohabitants. All patients who receive randomization will be included in the intent-to-treat analysis.
Discussion
The finding of this trial will provide high-quality evidence on the efficacy of fire needle for treating moderate OSAHS. According to the result, we will establish a fire needle treatment scheme for moderate OSAHS. Results of this research will be published in peer-reviewed journals.
Trial registration:
Chinese Clinical Trail Registry, ChiCTR2300067509. Registered on 10 Jan 2023.
Impact of anxiety during hospitalization on the clinical outcome of patients with osteoporotic thoracolumbar vertebral fracture: a prospective multicentric study
Authors: Schwarz Falko , Klee Emma , Schenk Philipp , Katscher Sebastian , Schnake Klaus J. , Bäumlein Martin , Schmeiser Gregor , Scherer Michael A. , Müller Michael , Sprengel Kai , Spiegl Ulrich , Osterhoff Georg , Schramm Simon , Siekmann Holger , Franck Alexander , Scheyerer Max J. , Ullrich Bernhard W. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Anxiety in combination with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs) of the spine remains understudied. The purpose of this study was to analyze whetheranxiety has an impact on the short-term functional outcome of patients with an OVCF. Furthermore, a direct impact of the fracture on the patient’s anxiety during hospitalization should be recognized.
Methods
A prospective multicentric study in a German-speaking area was performed. All inpatients with an OVCF of the thoracolumbar spine from 2017 to 2020 were included. Trauma mechanism, analgetic medication, anti-osteoporotic therapy, timed-up-and-go test (TuG), mobility, Barthel index, Oswestry-Disability Index (ODI) and EQ5D-5L were documented.
For statistical analysis, the U test, chi-square independence test, Spearman correlation, General Linear Model for repeated measures, Bonferroni analysis and Wilcoxon test were used. The item anxiety/depression of the EQ5D-5L was analyzed to describe the patients’ anxiousness.
Results
Data from 518 patients from 17 different hospitals were evaluated. Fracture severity showed a significant correlation (r=0.087, p=0.0496) with anxiety. During the hospital stay, pain medication (p<0.001), anti-osteoporotic medication (p<0.001), and initiation of surgical therapy (p<0.001) were associated with less anxiety. The anxiety of a patient at discharge was negatively related to the functional outcomes at the individual follow-up: TuG (p<0.001), Barthel index (p<0.001), ODI (p<0.001) and EQ5D-5L (p<0.001).
Conclusions
Higher anxiety is associated with lower functional outcome after OVCF. The item anxiety/depression of the EQ5D-5L provides an easily accessible, quick and simple tool that can be used to screen for poor outcomes and may also offer the opportunity for a specific anxiety intervention.