bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Blockchain Operations in the Presence of Security Concerns
Authors: He Jiahao , Zhang Guangyuan , Zhang Jiheng , Zhang Rachel Q. 
Published: February 2023

Problem definition: A blockchain payment system, such as Bitcoin or Ethereum, validates electronic transactions and stores them in a chain of blocks without a central authority. Miners with computing power compete for the rights to create blocks according to a preset protocol, referred to as hashing or mining, and, in return, earn fees paid by users who submit transactions. Because of security concerns caused by decentralization, a transaction is confirmed after a number of additional blocks are subsequently extended to the block containing it. This confirmation latency introduces an intricate interplay between miners and users. This paper provides approximate system equilibria and studies optimal designs of a blockchain. Methodology/results: The hashing process is essentially a single-server queue with batch services based on a fee-based priority discipline, and confirmation latency adds complexity to the equilibrium behavior and optimal design. We analyze how miners’ participation decisions interact with users’ participation and fee decisions and identify optimal designs when the goal is to maximize the throughput or social welfare. We validate our model and conduct numerical studies using data from Bitcoin. Managerial implications: By incorporating security issues, we uncover the interdependence of the decisions between users and miners and the driver for nonzero entrance fees in practice. We show that miners and users may end up in either a vicious or virtuous cycle, depending on the initial system state. By allowing the entrance fee to be a design parameter, we are able to establish that it is optimal to simply run a blockchain system at its full capacity and a block size as small as possible. Funding: This work was supported by the Hong Kong Research Grants Council [Grants 16200019, 16200617, 16200821, 16208120, and 16214121]. Supplemental Material: The e-companion is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2023.1197 .
el cultivo de las emociones a través de una educación emocional en la filosofía con niñas y niños
Authors: Albert Sonia París 
Published: February 2023

Clarifying the concept of emotions is an essential task of 21st century societies. We cannot continue living if we ignore the importance they have in our everyday thinking and acting. Emotions are fundamental both to the private and the public sphere It is becoming increasingly important to learn to identify what we feel and what those around us feel, how we express these feelings and understand their consequences, in order to enable us to transform harmful emotions into others more favorable to the well-being of our personal relationships and our relationship with the environment. With this objective in mind, my text proposes a form of emotional education in the framework of peace education, initiated in early childhood, which acts to develop the emotional capacity required for the realization of a form of critical, ethical and creative global citizenship. This work recovers the methodology of the school of philosophy with children, which gives a great sense of philosophical praxis to the text, by putting it in dialogue, also, with studies in philosophy for peace. Thus, it is essential to vindicate empathy and moral imagination from the time we are children. Through thinking based on care, fthe cultivation of an emotional education will stimulate to wonder about other emotional alternatives, escaping from our own limits and exploring the perspectives of others until we come to merge with their horizons.
creare i sensi della terra: il respiro naturale della comunità di indagine
Authors: Roversi Valentina , Cavallo Alessandra , Barenco mello contage Daniel 
Published: February 2023

The earth is the archetypal image of the origin of humanity, but throughout the history of Western culture it has given way to other, more heavenly allegories. Enlightenment as a paradigm of knowledge consolidated itself in Western philosophical thought in a very convincing way as a production of meanings. Through this rereading of the first Greek metaphysics, thought gradually distanced itself from its materiality, from its humanity, from the possibility of admiring the concrete world, getting closer and closer to the need to create abstract objects, which, as ethical limits, political, aesthetic and epistemological, we end up meeting again in our lives. Visibility seems to be the basis of a Western mental habitus: recognition, officiality, legitimacy and certainty become visible signs with which we compare and validate our own experiences. The earth, as a less transparent element, with greater ability to hide, occult, encrypt represents, however, an image that is better suited to the discussion plan proposed in this text. The relationship with reality, in terms of visibility and invisibility, requires a new perception of the world: the underlying structure no longer assumes a transcendent level, but is understood as a plane of immanence, in which meaning is interior, produced by compositions; an amalgam of networks that intertwine in an imperceptible, invisible underground plane. What we propose here is not a vertical perspective, but a horizontal one like the ground. It is from this earthly thought that we want to reflect on what happens in philosophy and childhood; in philosophy with childhood and in the childhood of philosophy. In the present attempt of an ecophilosophy of education, the discussion plan requires a deviation from the guiding images with which we learn to do research. The intention of the following investigation is to look for another type of map: a kind of subterranean cartography, which pays attention not to what we can see, which has well-defined names and categories, but to what is hidden and inhabits a plane that is muddy, earthly, indistinguishable and absolutely alive. According to the Lipmanian model of Philosophy for Children, the subterranean and rhizomatic processes of the research community will be examined, comparing them to other collective movements that characterize the vegetable communities of plants that inhabit the natural world. Finally, three concepts considered relevant to escape the limits found in some contemporary pedagogical postures will be illustrated, suggesting other paths in the relationship between philosophy, childhood and education: reciprocity, passivity and invisibility.
IV OLIMPÍADA BRASILEIRA DE CARTOGRAFIA: CIÊNCIA E ARTE
Authors: Di Maio Angelica Carvalho , Santos Kellen Milene Gomes e , Carvalho Marcus Vinícius Alves de 
Published: February 2023

A Olimpíada Brasileira de Cartografia é uma olimpíada científica de abrangência nacional, voltada para o ensino médio e 9º ano do ensino fundamental e este trabalho teve o objetivo de abordar o seu desenvolvimento, em especial de sua quarta edição, que teve como tema “Ciência e Arte”. A IV OBRAC propôs aos estudantes e professores desafios que envolveram cartografia e cinema e a representação multitemporal de fenômenos geoespaciais, além de abordar questões sobre a evolução da ciência dos mapas. Desde a sua primeira edição, observa-se que as experiências vividas pelas equipes ao longo da competição vão além do conteúdo cartográfico, contribuem para o desenvolvimento da capacidade de debater e tomar decisões em grupo, entorno de um propósito comum e em prol de ações cidadãs, que se estendem após o término do evento. Os resultados obtidos, a partir das atividades desenvolvidas na OBRAC, demonstraram o potencial de estudantes na resolução e participação em questões reais da sociedade e como respondem, de forma positiva, aos desafios que envolvem as geotecnologias e a construção de representações do espaço geográfico como forma de expressão ecomunicação.
Assessing the impact of community-based interventions on hypertension and diabetes management in three Minnesota communities: Findings from the prospective evaluation of US HealthRise programs
Authors: Fullman Nancy , Cowling Krycia , Flor Luisa S. , Wilson Shelley , Bhatt Paurvi , Bryant Miranda F. , Camarda Joseph N. , Colombara Danny V. , Daly Jessica , Gabert Rose K. , Harris Katie Panhorst , Johanns Casey K. , Mandile Charlie , Marshall Susan , McNellan Claire R. , Mulakaluri Vasudha , Phillips Bryan K. , Reitsma Marissa B. , Sadighi Naomi , Tamene Tsega , Thomson Blake , Wollum Alexandra , Gakidou Emmanuela 
Published: February 2023

Background
Community-based health interventions are increasingly viewed as models of care that can bridge healthcare gaps experienced by underserved communities in the United States (US). With this study, we sought to assess the impact of such interventions, as implemented through the US HealthRise program, on hypertension and diabetes among underserved communities in Hennepin, Ramsey, and Rice Counties, Minnesota.

Methods and findings
HealthRise patient data from June 2016 to October 2018 were assessed relative to comparison patients in a difference-in-difference analysis, quantifying program impact on reducing systolic blood pressure (SBP) and hemoglobin A1c, as well as meeting clinical targets (< 140 mmHg for hypertension, < 8% Al1c for diabetes), beyond routine care. For hypertension, HealthRise participation was associated with SBP reductions in Rice (6.9 mmHg [95% confidence interval: 0.9–12.9]) and higher clinical target achievement in Hennepin (27.3 percentage-points [9.8–44.9]) and Rice (17.1 percentage-points [0.9 to 33.3]). For diabetes, HealthRise was associated with A1c decreases in Ramsey (1.3 [0.4–2.2]). Qualitative data showed the value of home visits alongside clinic-based services; however, challenges remained, including community health worker retention and program sustainability.

Conclusions
HealthRise participation had positive effects on improving hypertension and diabetes outcomes at some sites. While community-based health programs can help bridge healthcare gaps, they alone cannot fully address structural inequalities experienced by many underserved communities.
Collected Poems, Veronica Forrest-Thomson, Anthony Barnett (ed.) (2008)
Selected Poems: Language–Games, On the Periphery and Other Writings, Veronica Forrest-Thomson, Anthony Barnett (ed.) (2000)
Poetic Artifice: A Theory of Twentieth-Century Poetry, Veronica Forrest-Thomson (1978)
Poetic Artifice: A Theory of Twentieth-Century Poetry, Veronica Forrest-Thomson, Gareth Farmer (ed.) (2016)
Authors: Wheale Nigel 
Published: February 2023

Review of: Collected Poems, Veronica Forrest-Thomson, Anthony Barnett (ed.) (2008)
Bristol: Shearsman Books in association with Allardyce Books, 188 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-90570-080-6, p/bk, £12.95

Selected Poems: Language–Games, On the Periphery and Other Writings, Veronica Forrest-Thomson, Anthony Barnett (ed.) (2000)
London: Invisible Books, 130 pp.,
ISBN 978-0-95328-261-6, p/bk, £23.00

Poetic Artifice: A Theory of Twentieth-Century Poetry, Veronica Forrest-Thomson (1978)
Manchester: Manchester University Press, 262 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-84861-445-1, p/bk, £15.49

Poetic Artifice: A Theory of Twentieth-Century Poetry, Veronica Forrest-Thomson, Gareth Farmer (ed.) (2016)
Swindon: Shearsman Books, 238 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-84861-445-1, h/bk, £25.00
Histochemical Study of Nasolabial Fold in Indian Cadavers
Authors: Rahul Sharma  , Pooja Bhadoria  , Amarjyoti Chaturvedi  
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND
A distinct change in human senescence occurs in the face and the most pioneering sign appears in the area surrounding the eyes and nasolabial fold. Each injector learns through experience, where to place the botulinum toxin for desired effects.
Aims & Objectives
Haematoxylin & Eosin study was performed to understand the histology of the Nasolabial fold (NLF).
METHODS
Nasolabial folds were identified in 5 formalin-fixed cadavers aged between 55-70 years. Tissue was obtained from three points: one from ala of the nose (A), second from the angle of the mouth (C), and third from the mid-centre of an imaginary line extending from point A to point C (B) bilaterally and then formalin-fixed, paraffin-installed, and stained with haematoxylin and eosin stain.
RESULTS
Macroscopically, several muscle fibres of different origins were observed to insert directly on the nasolabial fold. On microscopic investigation, muscular fibres were observed to extend from the subcutaneous layer to the dermis, at point A&C and few or no muscle fibres were observed at point B.
CONCLUSIONS
Microscopical investigation shows muscular fibres extending from the subcutaneous layer to the dermis, at point A&C and few or no muscle fibres were observed at point B. If botulism toxin is injected intradermally adjacent to the ala of nose and angle of mouth it gives a satisfactory result to reduce rhytids.
The Impact of Patient Age and Corticosteroids in Patients With Sulfonamide Hepatotoxicity
Authors: Fontana Robert J. , Kleiner David E. , Chalasani Naga , Bonkovsky Herbert , Gu Jiezhun , Barnhart Huiman , Li Yi-Ju , Hoofnagle Jay H. 
Published: February 2023

INTRODUCTION:
Sulfonamides are widely used to treat and prevent various bacterial and opportunistic infections. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical presentation and outcomes of a large cohort of patients with sulfonamide hepatotoxicity.

METHODS:
Between 2004 and 2020, 105 patients with hepatotoxicity attributed to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ) (n = 93) or other sulfonamides (n = 12) were enrolled. Available liver biopsies were reviewed by a single hepatopathologist.

RESULTS:
Among the 93 TMP-SMZ cases, 52% were female, 7.5% younger than 20 years, and the median time to drug-induced liver injury (DILI) onset was 22 days (range: 3–157). Younger patients were significantly more likely to have rash, fever, eosinophilia, and a hepatocellular injury pattern at onset that persisted at the peak of liver injury compared with older patients (P < 0.05). The 18 (19%) TMP-SMZ patients treated with corticosteroids had more severe liver injury and a higher mortality but a trend toward more rapid normalization of their laboratory abnormalities compared with untreated patients. During follow-up, 6.2% of the TMP-SMZ patients died or underwent liver transplantation. Chronic DILI developed in 20% and was associated with cholestatic injury at onset and higher peak total bilirubin levels.

DISCUSSION:
Sulfonamide hepatotoxicity is characterized by a short drug latency with frequent hypersensitivity features at onset. Subject age is an important determinant of the laboratory profile at presentation, and patients with cholestasis and higher total bilirubin levels were at increased risk of developing chronic DILI. Corticosteroids may benefit a subgroup of patients with severe injury, but further studies are needed.
Dietary Calcium and Risk of Microscopic Colitis
Authors: Sandler Robert S. , Sun Shan , Keku Temitope O. , Woosley John T. , Anderson Chelsea , Peery Anne F. , Fodor Anthony 
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND:Microscopic colitis (MC) is an increasingly common cause of watery diarrhea particularly in older individuals. The role of diet in MC has received little study.METHODS:We conducted a case-control study at a single institution enrolling patients referred for elective outpatient colonoscopy for diarrhea. Patients were classified as cases with MC or non-MC controls after a review of colon biopsies by 1 research pathologist. Study subjects were interviewed by a trained telephone interviewer using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Adherent microbes were evaluated from colonic biopsies using 16s rRNA sequencing.RESULTS:The study population included 106 cases with MC and 215 controls. Compared with controls, the cases were older, better educated, and more likely to be female. Cases with MC had lower body mass index and were more likely to have lost weight. Subjects in the highest quartile of dietary calcium intake had a lower risk of MC compared with those in the lowest quartile (adjusted odds ratio 0.22, 95% confidence interval 0.07–0.76). The findings were not explained by dairy intake, body mass index, or weight loss. We found that dietary calcium intake had significant associations with the abundance of Actinobacteria and Coriobacteriales in the microbial community of colonic biopsies.DISCUSSION:Compared with patients with diarrhea, cases with MC had a lower intake of dietary calcium. Diet can be associated with alterations in the gut microbiota and with luminal factors that could affect the risk of MC.
An Investigation of the Altman Z-Score Measure and the Return on Equity (ROE) of Firms in the Entergy Industry
Authors: Willey Thomas , Bhagwat Yatin , DeBruine Marinus 
Published: February 2023

This research measures the relationship between the Altman Z-Score, a measure of a firm’s financial health, and the Return on Equity (ROE), a measure of a firm’s profitability for a sample of companies in the Energy industry. The period of the study covers 2014 to 2020 and uses linear regression to examine the relationship between ROE (dependent variable) and the Z-Score (independent variable). Our initial data set contains three hundred and twenty-nine (329) energy-related firms traded on fifty-one (51) world markets. Our initial hypothesis is that a positive and statistically significant relationship exists between the two variables over the examined period. Further research will look at the relationship in other sectors of the markets.
Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on HbA1c management and results in pediatric and adult outpatients with diabetes
Authors: Oliver Paloma , Pellicer Marina , Prieto Daniel , Diaz-Garzon Jorge , Mora Roberto , Tomoiu Ileana , Gonzalez Noemi , Carcavilla Atilano , Gonzalez-Casado Isabel , Losantos Itsaso , Buño Antonio , Fernandez-Calle Pilar 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Diabetes mellitus intensify the risks and complications related to COVID-19 infection. A major effect of the pandemic has been a drastic reduction of in-person visits. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on HbA1c management and results among pediatric and adult outpatients with diabetes, considering the laboratory and point-of-care testing (POCT) HbA1c measurements.

Methods
Observational retrospective study including patients from pediatric and adult diabetes units was conducted. HbA1c results obtained in the laboratory and POCT over 3 years (2019–2021) were collected from the laboratory information system.

Results
After the lockdown, the number of HbA1c plummeted. Children returned soon to routine clinical practice. The number of HbA1c increased gradually in adults, especially in POCT. Globally, HbA1c results were lower in children compared with adults (p<0.001). HbA1c values in children (p<0.001) and adults (p=0.002) decreased between pre-pandemic and post-pandemic periods, though lower than the HbA1c reference change value. The percentage of HbA1c results above 8% remained stable during the study period.

Conclusions
Continuous glucose monitoring and a telemedicine have been crucial, even allowing for improvements in HbA1c results. During the lockdown, patients with better metabolic control were managed in the laboratory whereas patients with poorer control or a severe clinical situation were attended in diabetes units by POCT. Adults returned to pre-pandemic management slowly because they were more susceptible to morbidity and mortality due to COVID-19. Coordination among all health professionals has been essential to offering the best management, especially in difficult scenarios such as the COVID-19 pandemic.
Existence of solutions for a double-phase variable exponent equation without the Ambrosetti-Rabinowitz condition
Authors: Liu Jingjing , Pucci Patrizia 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The article deals with the existence of a pair of nontrivial nonnegative and nonpositive solutions for a nonlinear weighted quasilinear equation in

R

N

{{\mathbb{R}}}^{N}

, which involves a double-phase general variable exponent elliptic operator

A

{\bf{A}}

. More precisely,

A

{\bf{A}}

has behaviors like

∣

ξ

∣

q

(

x

)

−
2

ξ

{| \xi | }^{q\left(x)-2}\xi

if

∣

ξ

∣

| \xi |

is small and like

∣

ξ

∣

p

(

x

)

−
2

ξ

{| \xi | }^{p\left(x)-2}\xi

if

∣

ξ

∣

| \xi |

is large. Existence is proved by the Cerami condition instead of the classical Palais-Smale condition, so that the nonlinear term

f

(

x
,
u

)

f\left(x,u)

does not necessarily have to satisfy the Ambrosetti-Rabinowitz condition.
Analysis and assessment of the human factor as a cause of occurrence of selected railway accidents and incidents
Authors: Gawlak Katarzyna 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Ensuring safety is the key factor in the development of rail transport. For this reason, the railway market is heavily regulated, including recording and analysis of railway accidents and incidents. The article presents analysis of 148 final reports of accidents and incidents that occurred in the year 2020 in the Polish railway network and whose direct cause was human factor. The analysis looks at the age and experience of railway employees, as well as analyses human error using the Human factor analysis and classification system (HFACS) model and included train drivers and infrastructure-related stuff. It is pointed out that the available publications are generally focused on signal passed at danger accidents and incidents, which relate to passing through a stop signal, or another stop location, most often caused by an error of the train driver. Therefore, these analyses ignore accidents and incidents related to an improperly prepared and protected route, e.g. failure to close the level crossings boom barriers or incorrectly placed junction point, which under minimally different circumstances could have led to a tragedy. The causes of such accidents and incidents are also related to the human factor and therefore should have been identified and classified. The article identifies weaknesses in the investigations, including the quality of the documentation prepared. Such documentation most often focuses on the factors and causes directly related to the site of the accident or incident, while neglecting the factors at the organisational level.
Rational pullbacks of toric foliations
Authors: Gargiulo Acea Javier , Molinuevo Ariel , Velazquez Sebastián 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This article is dedicated to the study of singular codimension-one foliations

ℱ

{\mathcal{F}}

on a simplicial complete toric variety X and their pullbacks by dominant rational maps

φ
:

ℙ
n

⇢
X

{\varphi:\mathbb{P}^{n}\dashrightarrow X}

. First, we describe the singularities of

ℱ

{\mathcal{F}}

and

φ
*

⁢
ℱ

{\varphi^{*}\mathcal{F}}

for a generic pair

(
φ
,
ℱ
)

{(\varphi,\mathcal{F})}

. Then we show that the first-order deformations of

φ
*

⁢
ℱ

{\varphi^{*}\mathcal{F}}

arising from first-order unfoldings are the families of the form

φ
ε
*

⁢
ℱ

{\varphi_{\varepsilon}^{*}\mathcal{F}}

, where

φ
ε

{\varphi_{\varepsilon}}

is a perturbation of φ. We also prove that the deformations of the form

φ
*

⁢

ℱ
ε

{\varphi^{*}\mathcal{F}_{\varepsilon}}

consist exactly of the families which are tangent to the fibers of φ. In order to do so, we state some results of independent interest regarding the Kupka singularities of these foliations.
Hanxue (Sinology) and Guoxue (Traditional Chinese Studies)—A Dialogue Between Xuetao Li and Fabian Heubel
Authors: Li Xuetao , Heubel Fabian 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In this dialogue, Dr. Xuetao Li and Dr. Fabian Heubel approach the concepts of Hanxue (Sinology) and Guoxue (Traditional Chinese Studies) from the perspectives of history and intercultural philosophy. Their in-depth analysis suggest that one of the most important problems of Chinese culture lies in the transformation of traditional values in the contemporary context. The two scholars discuss the question how Chinese studies can transcends rigid, narrow-minded, and arbitrary ways of thinking and knowledge production.