bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The neoliberal roots of authoritarian protectionism
Authors: Chacko Priya 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLuke Cooper's Authoritarian Contagion draws attention to the politics of protection proffered by contemporary ethno-nationalist authoritarian rulers. This article argues that the origins of this protectionist politics lies in neoliberal projects, which promoted conservative social hierarchies, such as those associated with gender, race and class, to further capital accumulation. These neoliberal projects led to anti-democratic governance and the concentration of wealth and power, trends that contemporary authoritarian leaders claim to challenge but, in fact, consolidate and intensify in the name of protecting an ethnically-defined people.
Parents’ digital skills and their development in the context of the Corona pandemic
Authors: Alharbi Badr A. , Ibrahem Usama M. , Moussa Mahmoud A. , Alrashidy Mona A. , Saleh Sameh F. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe investigate parents’ and guardians’ digital skills and the extent of their development in the context of the spread of the Corona epidemic. In addition, we sought to explore the differences in digital skills between parents and their employment status, age, and responsibility in teaching children. We sought to rely on the descriptive-analytical approach and prepared a scale of eight theoretical dimensions with the participation of 250 students’ Saudi parents. The application of the study was by online submission form (via Edit Submission). Our findings showed that there was a discrepancy in the performance of the sample, which was very high in the dimensions of operational skills, instrumental skills, and cognitive constructivism skills. There were also differences between the effect of computers on the instrumental skills and cognitive constructivism skills of the parents. Parents’ dependence on alternative digital sources in exploring for information, formulating knowledge, manipulating it, and criticizing. The learner can reach the cognitive level in a more flexible manner, which allows him to gain learning objectives. The knowledge navigation can be developed because of different online outdoor exercises and software familiar. This requires self-organization to search for appropriate knowledge to use in the renewal of the cognitive structure.
Evaluation of county-level economic efficiency and its spatiotemporal differentiation in Hohhot-Baotou-Ordos-Yulin urban agglomeration in China
Authors: Miao Hongliang , Zhou Hui 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThere are many urban agglomerations in mainland China. Hohhot-Baotou-Ordos-Yulin urban agglomeration is of great importance due to its economic scale and geographical location. The Western part of China is a less-developed area with a lower level of social-economic development. Therefore, it needs more attention from the central government and the academic world to win better opportunities for its development. This paper evaluates the economic efficiency of 30 county units of this urban agglomeration. It finds where the counties with lower efficiency locate and reveals the spatial and temporal pattern evolvement. The Stochastic Frontier Model is used to measure the efficiency of each county unit in this urban agglomeration and the spatial characteristics of which are visualized with ArcGIS. Then, Moran’s Index is used to measure the spatial correlation of economic efficiency among these county units, and the results are presented with a LISA chart. The results show that the county’s economic efficiency has improved steadily during the period covered by this study, and counties with high-efficiency levels have formed a pronounced agglomeration in the eastern part of the study area, and there is a significant positive spatial correlation among these counties. Furthermore, the economic linkage is significantly and positively associated with the economic efficiency of a county; however, a county’s being the core area of a city plays a negative role. The paper implies, based on its findings that the maintenance and upgrading of a county’s transportation network, the improvement of a county’s comprehensive level of development, the expansion of the local market of a county, and the reduction of government expenditure will probably improve the economic efficiency of a county. The study also has implications for future research on economic efficiency. It could contribute to the ongoing debates regarding what affects the economic efficiency of a county and how to improve it.
A national study of New Zealand primary-school teaching professionals’ experiences of offensive behavior at the workplace
Authors: Rahimi Mark , Arnold Ben , Horwood Marcus 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAlthough a reported concern, few studies have investigated both prevalence and moderating variables associated with offensive behaviors experienced by teaching professionals. This study analyzed 2866 survey responses of New Zealand teaching professionals in 991 primary schools to determine the prevalence of key offensive behaviors against teaching professionals, the main perpetrators of these offenses, and the impact key socio-demographic variables had on victimization. The findings indicate that particular groups of teaching professionals, and those in urban schools—are more likely to experience certain offensive behaviors. The varied nature of offensive behaviors experienced warrants intervention within the school and the broader community.
Understanding academic transition and self-regulation: a case study of English majors in China
Authors: Liu Yaxin , Zhang Xiaodong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis qualitative study explores how English-as-a-foreign-language (EFL) learners (i.e., English majors in China) develop their self-regulated learning (SRL) abilities during their academic transition to university. The reflections and interview responses of four Chinese university EFL majors collected over one year were qualitatively analyzed. The results show that the English major students’ use of SRL was externally driven by their negative experiences with learning during their academic transition. Over the year, the students also continued to harness their self-agency to refine their transition strategies constantly and dynamically by developing clear goals and effective tactics. The study concludes that during their academic transition, the EFL students’ self-regulation processes were complicated rather than linear. The results of this study can aid academically transitioning students in overcoming potential obstacles during their transition to university.
Synthesis and structure–activity relationship of kujigamberol B, a dinorlabdane diterpenoid isolated from an ancient Kuji amber
Authors: Kishibata Sakura , Tanaka Kurumi , Saito Tatsuo , Kimura Ken-ichi , Yajima Arata 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
The versatile methodology was developed for synthesizing kujigamberol B, a dinorlabdane diterpenoid isolated from the methanol extract of Kuji amber. A highly efficient intramolecular cyclization is followed by a Sonogashira-coupling reaction during the total synthesis. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for the growth-restoring activity against the mutant yeast (zds1Δ erg3Δ pdr1Δ pdr3Δ) and for the degranulation of RBL-2H3 cells. We found that in both activities, primary alcohol and secondary alcohol analogs are as active as kujigamberol B.
Variation in body size and reproductive characteristics among chromosomal races of theSceloporus grammicuscomplex in México
Authors: Cruz-Elizalde Raciel , Ramírez-Bautista Aurelio , Hernández-Salinas Uriel , Díaz-Marín César A , Marshall Jonathon C , Sites Jack W , Galván-Hernández Dulce María , García-Rosales Aaron , Berriozabal-Islas Christian 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPopulations and chromosomal races of a species often show variation in life-history characteristics due to phylogeny and environmental factors. We analysed variation in snout–vent length (SVL) and reproductive variables, such as minimum SVL at sexual maturity, litter size and embryo volume in females of the Sceloporus grammicus lizard complex, which includes seven chromosomal races as well as hybrid zones among different combinations of races (F5, F5 + 6, potential but unverified F5 + 6, F6, FM1, FM2, FM2 × F5 hybrid zone, FM3, LS and unverified SGG). The SGG, F5 and LS females were larger than F6 and FM3 females. Females with non-vitellogenic follicles and vitellogenic follicles were smaller than females with embryos. The SVL of females containing embryos varied among chromosomal races, the largest being the same as indicated above, but the smallest was the FM2 × F5 hybrid zone. Litter size was similar among chromosomal races (5.8 embryos), while embryo volumes varied among them. Two patterns of reproductive activity were found: seasonal and continuous reproduction. Our results showed the influence of environmental factors of each locality, which supports the ecological hypothesis. The use of chromosomal races did not reveal a significant phylogenetic effect, because allozyme and molecular data show only small pairwise genetic distances among the S. grammicus populations on the Mexican Plateau.
Beyond the various contrivances by which orchids are pollinated: global patterns in orchid pollination biology
Authors: Ackerman James D , Phillips Ryan D , Tremblay Raymond L , Karremans Adam , Reiter Noushka , Peter Craig I , Bogarín Diego , Pérez-Escobar Oscar A , Liu Hong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractOrchidaceae show remarkable diversity in pollination strategies, but how these strategies vary globally is not entirely clear. To identify regions and taxa that are data-rich and lend themselves to rigorous analyses or are data-poor and need attention, we introduce a global database of orchid reproductive biology. Our database contains &gt; 2900 species representing all orchid subfamilies and 23 of 24 tribes. We tabulated information on habit, breeding systems, means of pollinator attraction and the identity of pollinators. Patterns of reproductive biology by habit, geography and taxonomy are presented graphically and analysed statistically. On the basis of our database, most orchid species sampled are pollinator dependent (76%) and self-compatible (88%). Pollinator attraction based on rewards occurs in 54% of the species, whereas 46% use some means of deceit. Orchids generally have highly specific pollinator interactions (median number of pollinator species = 1). Nonetheless, on average, specificity is lower for species offering rewards, occurring in multiple continental regions or Northern America (as defined by the Taxonomic Database Working Group Level 1 regions). Although our database reveals impressive knowledge gains, extensive gaps in basic observations of orchid reproductive biology exist, particularly in tropical regions and diverse lineages of fly-pollinated species. The database is expected to facilitate targeted studies, further elucidating the ecological and evolutionary drivers of orchid diversity.
Relationship between genetically proxied vitamin D and psoriasis risk: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Bohmann Patricia , Stein Michael J , Konzok Julian , Tsoi Lam C , Elder James T , Leitzmann Michael F , Baumeister Sebastian-Edgar , Baurecht Hansjörg 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background
Observational research suggests that vitamin D levels affect psoriasis. However, observational studies are prone to potential confounding or reverse causation, which complicates interpreting the data and drawing causal conclusions.

Aim
To apply Mendelian randomization (MR) methods to comprehensively assess a potential association between vitamin D and psoriasis.

Methods
Genetic variants strongly associated with 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) in genome-wide association study (GWAS) data from 417 580 and 79 366 individuals from two independent studies served as instrumental variables (used as the discovery and replication datasets, respectively). As the outcome variable, we used GWAS data of psoriasis (13 229 people in the case group, 21 543 in the control group). We used (i) biologically validated genetic instruments, and (ii) polygenic genetic instruments to assess the relationship between genetically proxied vitamin D and psoriasis. We carried out inverse-variance weighted (IVW) MR analyses for the primary analysis. In sensitivity analyses, we used robust MR approaches.

Results
MR analyses of both the discovery and replication datasets did not show an effect of 25OHD on psoriasis. Neither the IVW MR analysis of the biologically validated instruments [discovery dataset: odds ratio (OR) 0.99; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.88–1.12, P = 0.873; replication dataset: OR 0.98, 95% CI 0.66–1.46, P = 0.930] nor that of the polygenic genetic instruments (discovery dataset: OR 1.00, 95% CI 0.81–1.22, P = 0.973; replication dataset: OR 0.94, 95% CI 0.64–1.38, P = 0.737) revealed an impact of 25OHD on psoriasis.

Conclusion
The present MR study did not support the hypothesis that vitamin D levels, measured by 25OHD, affect psoriasis. This study was conducted on Europeans, so the conclusions may not be applicable to all ethnicities.
Natural History of Clostridioides difficile Colonization and Infection Following New Acquisition of Carriage in Healthcare Settings: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Curry Scott R , Hecker Michelle T , O’Hagan Justin , Kutty Preeta K , Alhmidi Heba , Ng-Wong Yilen K , Cadnum Jennifer L , Jencson Annette L , Gonzalez-Orta Melany , Saldana Carlos , Wilson Brigid M , Donskey Curtis J 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background
Limited information is available on the natural history of Clostridioides difficile colonization and infection in patients with new acquisition of C. difficile in healthcare settings.

Methods
In 3 hospitals and affiliated long-term care facilities, we collected serial perirectal cultures from patients with no diarrhea on enrollment to identify new acquisition of toxigenic C. difficile carriage and determined the duration and burden of carriage. Asymptomatic carriage was defined as transient if only 1 culture was positive, with negative cultures before and after, or persistent if 2 or more cultures were positive. Clearance of carriage was defined as 2 consecutive negative perirectal cultures.

Results
Of 1432 patients with negative initial cultures and at least 1 follow-up culture, 39 (2.7%) developed C. difficile infection (CDI) without prior detection of carriage and 142 (9.9%) acquired asymptomatic carriage, with 19 (13.4%) subsequently diagnosed with CDI. Of 82 patients analyzed for persistence of carriage, 50 (61.0%) had transient carriage and 32 (39.0%) had persistent carriage, with an estimated median of 77 days to clearance of colonization (range, 14–133 days). Most persistent carriers had a relatively high burden of carriage and maintained the same ribotype over time, whereas most transient carriers had a low burden of carriage detected only using broth enrichment cultures.

Conclusions
In 3 healthcare facilities, 9.9% of patients acquired asymptomatic carriage of toxigenic C. difficile, and 13.4% were subsequently diagnosed with CDI. Most carriers had transient rather than persistent carriage and most patients developing CDI did not have prior detection of carriage.
A Case of Mpox Reinfection
Authors: Musumeci Stefano , Najjar Iris , Amari Emmanuelle Boffi El , Schibler Manuel , Jacquerioz Frédérique , Yerly Sabine , Renzoni Adriana , Calmy Alexandra , Kaiser Laurent 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
A healthy young man first diagnosed with mpox in May 2022 presented again in November 2022 with anal proctitis and a positive polymerase chain reaction on a rectal swab for Monkeypox virus after a recent trip to Brazil, where he engaged in condomless sexual intercourse with multiple male partners.
Twenty-four-hour proteinuria levels are associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes among women with CKD
Authors: Li Zheng , Chen Shi , Tan Ying , Lv Jicheng , Zhao Minghui , Chen Qian , He Yingdong 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT

Background
Proteinuria is commonly measured to assess the renal status of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients before the 20th week of gestation during pregnancy. High levels of proteiuria have been associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. However, researchers have not clearly determined what baseline proteinuria levels would be associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. This study aimed to analyse associations between proteinuria levels and adverse pregnancy outcomes among CKD patients treated with or without steroids/immunosuppressive therapy in early pregnancy.

Methods
This retrospective study included the clinical information of 557 pregnant patients with CKD from 1 January 2009 to 31 December 2021. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes across various proteinuria ranges, which were further stratified by whether the patients were receiving steroids/immunosuppressive therapy.

Results
(i) Proteinuria was assessed on 24-h urine collection. The median (quartile) baseline proteinuria levels were 0.83 g (0.20, 1.92) and 0.25 g (0.06, 0.80) in the steroids/immunosuppressive therapy and therapy-free groups, respectively. (ii) CKD patients with adverse pregnancy outcomes had significantly higher proteinuria levels in the first trimester than patients without adverse pregnancy outcomes. (iii) The risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes increased with increasing baseline proteinuria levels (P &lt; .001). (iv) In the early-pregnancy steroids/immunosuppressive therapy group, the risk of severe preeclampsia was higher in patients with higher baseline proteinuria levels (P &lt; .007) [odds ratio (OR) 30.86 for proteinuria ≥5.00 g/24 h]; in the therapy-free group, the risks of severe preeclampsia, very-low-birth-weight infants, early preterm birth and foetal–neonatal death were higher in patients with higher baseline proteinuria levels (OR 53.16 for proteinuria ≥5.00 g/24 h; OR 37.83 for proteinuria ≥5.00 g/24 h; OR 15.30 for proteinuria ≥5.00 g/24 h; and OR 18.83 for proteinuria ≥5.00 g/24 h, respectively; P &lt; .001, P &lt; .001, P &lt; .001 and P = .006, respectively).

Conclusions
As shown in the present study, a baseline 24-h proteinuria level &gt;1.00 g was associated with adverse maternal outcomes. Furthermore, a 24-h proteinuria level &gt;2.00 g increased the incidence of adverse foetal events among CKD patients.
The Path-Structure Connectivity of Augmented k-ary n-cubes
Authors: Ba Lina , Zhang Yaxian , Zhang Heping 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
For connected graphs $G$ and $H$, the $H$-structure connectivity $\kappa (G; H)$ (resp. $H$-substructure connectivity $\kappa ^{s}(G; H)$) of $G$ is the minimum cardinality of a set of subgraphs $\mathcal{F}$ of $G$ such that each is isomorphic to $H$ (resp. to a connected subgraph of $H$) so that $G-\mathcal{F}$ is disconnected or singleton. In this paper, we consider $P_t$-structure connectivity and $P_t$-substructure connectivity of augmented $k$-ary $n$-cubes $AQ_{n,k}$ for $n\geq 2$, $k\geq 3$ and $1\leq t\leq 4n-2$. We obtain that $\kappa (AQ_{n,k}; P_t)=\kappa ^s(AQ_{n,k}; P_t)=\frac{4n-2}{t}+1$ for $t\mid 4n-2$, $t\nmid 2n-1$, $t&gt;6$, $n\geq 3$ and $k\geq 4$; $\kappa (AQ_{n,k}; P_t)=\kappa ^s(AQ_{n,k}; P_t)=\lceil \frac{4n-2}{t}\rceil $, in other cases.
Ash the Poet and Ash the Tree: Possession by the Past in A. S. Byatt’s Possession: A Romance
Authors: Zhang Xiuchun 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This article examines five poem extracts written by the fictional Victorian poet Randolph Henry Ash in A. S. Byatt’s Possession: A Romance, which, depicting the Paradise gardens in various mythologies across the world, become rewritten tales of the Paracelsian elemental spirits guarding treasure hoarded in nature.These poems, placed at the heads of different chapters, are read as summaries of the detective stories, indicating to the reader the developments in the forthcoming quest plot. Furthermore, they are interpreted as embodying Roland’s search for coherence in the postmodern world, which culminates in his psychological maturation at the end of his quest. Finally, these poems are deciphered as expressive of Ash’s quest for the prelapsarian Eden which he believes inspires generations of poets’ literary imagination. In conclusion, this article addresses three readings of the philosopher’s stone and two characters' visions of the past.
Weak reproductive isolation and extensive gene flow between Mimulus glaucescens and M. guttatus in northern California
Authors: Ivey Christopher T , Habecker Nicole M , Bergmann Jean Phillippe , Ewald Jacob , Frayer Megan E , Coughlan Jenn M 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Barriers to reproduction are often how progress in speciation is measured. Nonetheless, an unresolved question concerns the extent to which reproductive barriers diminish gene flow between incipient species. The Sierra Nevada foothill endemic Mimulus glaucescens and the widespread M. guttatus are considered distinct species based on striking differences in vegetative morphology, but barriers to reproduction have not been previously identified, nor has gene flow between species been characterized. Here, we examined 15 potential reproductive barriers within a Northern California area of broad sympatry. Most barriers, with the exception of ecogeographic isolation, were weak or absent, and total isolation for each species was incomplete. Population genomic analyses of range-wide and broadly sympatric accessions revealed extensive gene flow between these taxa, particularly in sympatry. Despite widespread introgression, Mimulus glaucescens, emerged as monophyletic and largely comprised a single ancestry that was found at intermediate frequency within M. guttatus. This result, along with observed ecological and phenotypic differentiation, suggests that natural selection may contribute to the maintenance of distinct phenotypic forms in the earliest stages of speciation. Integrating estimates of barrier strength with direct estimates of gene flow can strengthen a more nuanced interpretation of the process of speciation in natural communities.