bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of re-irradiation at bevacizumab failure in recurrent glioblastoma: a comparative analysis with maintenance bevacizumab
Authors: You Weir-Chiang , Shen Chiung-Chyi , Cheng Wen-Yu , Lee Hsu-Dung , Pan Hung-Chuan , Chen Hung-Chieh 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Recurrent glioblastoma (GBM) is challenging, and effective treatment options after bevacizumab failure are limited. Re-irradiation combined with bevacizumab has emerged as a potential therapeutic option for recurrent GBM patients who have failed bevacizumab treatment. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of re-irradiation in patients with progressive GBM refractory to bevacizumab monotherapy and explore the factors that may impact survival.
Methods and materials
This retrospective study enrolled 64 patients who developed a second progression after single-agent bevacizumab therapy. The patients were divided into two groups: 35 continued with bevacizumab alone (none-ReRT group), and 29 received bevacizumab and re-irradiation (ReRT group). The study measured overall survival time after bevacizumab failure (OST-BF) and after re-irradiation (OST-RT). Statistical tests were used to compare categorical variables, evaluate the difference in recurrence patterns between the two groups, and identify optimal cutoff points for re-irradiation volume.
Results
The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed that the ReRT group had a significantly higher survival rate and longer median survival time than the none-ReRT group. The median OST-BF and OST-RT were 14.5 months and 8.8 months, respectively, for the ReRT group, while the OST-BF for the none-ReRT group was 3.9 months (p < 0.001). Cox univariate analysis for overall survival time after bevacizumab failure (OST-BF) identified KPS at bevacizumab failure, ORR, bevacizumab failure pattern, re-irradiation, and re-irradiation target volume as significant predictors of survival time after bevacizumab failure. The multivariable analysis found only the re-irradiation target volume to be significant for OST-RT.
Conclusions
The study suggests that re-irradiation combined with bevacizumab therapy may be a valuable treatment option for patients with recurrent GBM who have failed bevacizumab therapy. The re-irradiation target volume may be a valuable prognostic factor for these patients, with smaller target volumes associated with better survival outcomes. Further studies with larger sample sizes and prospective designs are necessary to confirm these results and determine the optimal treatment approach for these patients.
A lipid atlas of human and mouse immune cells provides insights into ferroptosis susceptibility
Authors: Pernes Gerard , Morgan Poorane , Huynh Kevin , Giles Corey , Paul Sudip , Smith Alex , Mellett Natalie , Bertuzzo-Veiga Camilla , Collins Thomas , De silva Michael , Lee Man , Meikle Peter , Lancaster Graeme , Murphy Andrew 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The cellular lipidome is comprised of thousands of unique lipid species. Herein, using mass spectrometry-based targeted lipidomics we have characterized the lipid landscape of human and mouse immune cells (www.cellularlipidatlas.com). Using this resource, we show that immune cells have unique lipidomic signatures and that processes such as activation, maturation and development impact immune cell lipid composition. To demonstrate the potential of this resource to provide new insights into immune cell biology, we determined how a cell-specific lipid trait, differences in the abundance of poly-unsaturated fatty acid-containing glycerophospholipids (PUFA-PLs), influenced immune cell biology. We firstly show that differences in PUFA-PL content underpins the differential susceptibility of immune cells to ferroptosis, and secondly, that low PUFA-PL content promotes resistance to ferroptosis in activated neutrophils. In summary, we show that the lipid landscape is a defining feature of immune cell identity and cell-specific lipid phenotypes underpin aspects of immune cell physiology.
Architecture in consistent with climate (case study: Yazd)
Authors: Talebi Mohammad Sadegh 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In this study, the prevailing climate of Yazd was determined using the long-term average of synoptic stations’ information of Yazd Province for thirty years (1984 -2021) and based on the common climate classification methods (coupon, Emberger, and Karimi) in order to provide consistent patterns with climate in Yazd. Then, its comfort zone was determined using the changes range of relative humidity and temperature. The bioclimatic diagram was prepared considering the impact of various parameters such as sunlight, humidity and wind on the comfort zone. Finally, orientation, form, and proportions of the building and etc. was calculated and presented.
Self-assembled Redox-responsive BRD4 siRNA nanoparticles: fomulation and its in vitro delivery in gastric cancer cells
Authors: Zhang Mengying , An Zhonghua , Jiang Yiming , Wei Meijiao , Li Xiangbo , Wang Yifan , Wang Hongbo , Gong Yanling 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
With the development of newer biomarkers in the diagnosis of gastric cancer (GC), therapeutic targets are emerging and molecular-targeted therapy is in progress RNA interference has emerged as a promising method of gene targeting therapy. However, bare small interfering RNA (siRNA) is unstable and susceptible to degradation, so developing vectors for siRNA delivery is the focus of our research.
We developed LMWP modified PEG-SS-PEI to deliver siRNA targeting BRD4 (L-NPs) for GC therapy. L-NPs were prepared by electrostatic interaction and characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The release characteristics, cellular uptake and intracellular localization were also investigated. The in vitro anticancer activity of the prepared nanoparticles was analysed by MTT, Transwell invasion and wound healing assay. Western blot was used to detect the effect of gene silencing. The results showed that the optimal N/P was 30 and the prepared L-NPs uniformly distributed in the system with a spherical and regular shape. L-NPs exhibited an accelerated release in GSH-containing media from 12h to 24h. The uptake of L-NPs was enhanced and mainly co-localized in the lysosomes. After 6h incubation, LMWP modified PEG-SS-PEI helped siRNA escape from the lysosomes and diffused into the cytoplasm. L-NPs significantly in hibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of cells. This might be related with the silence of BRD4, then inhibition of PI3K/Akt and c-Myc. Our results demonstrate that L-NPs are a novel delivery system with anticancer, which may provide a more effective strategy for GC treatment.
Optical properties as indicators of in-lake dissolved organic matter components, sources and transformation
Authors: Wu Jing , Zhang Runyu , Wang Liying , Chen Jingan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) plays an essential role in the biogeochemical cycle of carbon (C) in inland lakes. Combining ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis) absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy–parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC), we examined spatial-temporal variations in chromophoric DOM (CDOM) composition and sources in Lake Erhai, the seventh largest lake in China. The results showed that dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations were obviously higher in the wet season than in the dry season. The optical indices of lake DOM exhibited regular seasonal variability. Larger SR values presented in the wet season indicated strong photobleaching activity. Humic-like substances (C1 and C3) dominated the lake DOM in the dry season, while protein-like substances (C2) were abundant in the wet season. The proportion of autochthonous DOM exceeds 60% in the northern region of Lake Erhai owing to algal proliferation. Evident correlations between DOC and Chl a, BIX, and YFI supported that most lake DOM originate from the photosynthesis of phytoplankton in the eutrophic transitional lake. Autochthonous DOM was associated with DOC, Chl a, C2%, YFI, and BIX, whereas terrestrial DOM was closely linked to a254,a350, C3/C1% and HIX, based on principal component analysis (PCA) results. Higher HIX values for the inflowing river in comparison to lake water demonstrated the allochthonous characteristics of river DOM. High variability of the DOM sources, compositions, and dynamics were observed across the lake catchment as evidenced from the CDOM optical properties. These findings further underscore the significant role of in-lake autochthonous DOM in the global C cycle for inland lakes toward eutrophication.
Unsupervised saliency detection via kNN mechanism and object-biased prior
Authors: Zhou Xin , Ren Zhaohui 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In recent years, some researchers have defined the compactness hypothesis that similar colours tend to accumulate in the salient region rather than in the non-salient region for image saliency detection. Meanwhile, we found that the mechanism of k-nearest neighbour (kNN) also assumes that similar things exist in close proximity. Since the kNN method belongs to supervised learning, we only introduce the unfixed k-value and combine it with the clustering idea of k-mean to propose a new algorithm called kNN clustering. Based on a given compact matrix, an object-biased prior and an improved boundary and background prior are proposed. Our algorithm is extensively tested on three publicly available datasets, and the experimental results reveal that our algorithm obviously outperforms 19 existing saliency detection methods to agile generate the high-quality saliency maps with full resolution. At the same time, the improved prior methods are efficient with the existing algorithms without prior knowledge, especially for the low-performing models.
Production of Bioethanol from Sweet Sorghum [Sorghum Bicolor L.] Juice Using Yeast Isolated from Fermented Sweet Sorghum Juice
Authors: Kasegn Melaku Mekonen , Ashenef Addis Simachew , Redda Yisehak Tsegaye 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background
Nonrenewable energies have been used as the major sources of energy in the world so far. However, they are not sustainable and environmentally friendly and there is an urgent need to search for alternative renewable sustainable energy sources. Sweet sorghum is a sugar rich plant that can be used as an important alternative source of bioenergy that is renewable with a low contribution to global warming without computing food security. This study aimed to investigate the potential of sweet sorghum juice for bioethanol production using yeast isolated from fermented sweet sorghum juice.
Methods
Sweet sorghum juice oBrix was determined using a digital refractometer.Yeasts isolated from fermented sweet sorghum juice were characterized using different biochemical tests. Potent yeast was used in the fermentation of sweet sorghum juice which was carried out at different fermentation parameters, mainly pH, temperature, and incubation period, using a completely randomized factorial design. Ethanol content was determined using a potassium dichromate solution.
Results
About 18 of yeast isolates were selected based on the sugar fermentation test for further characterization. The morphology and biochemical tests of the yeasts carried out suggest that all the yeast isolates have belonged to the genus Saccharomyces. The most ethanol tolerant yeast isolate, SJU14, was used for fermentation. ANOVA showed that, maximum ethanol content (18.765%) was produced at 30/26 oC, pH of 4.5, incubated for 96 hrs.
Conclusion
Sweet sorghum juice found excellent source of potent yeasts and these yeasts have important industrial property such as able to grow at high ethanol and glucose concentration. Sweet sorghum juice can be used as an alternative substrate for bioethanol production to minimize the environmental threat caused by fossil fuels. Further research is recommended to strategically develop value-added utilization of sweet sorghum vis-à-vis improving food system and mitigating climate change.
Parathyroid hormone 1 receptor as a potential therapeutic target for intervertebral disc degeneration
Authors: 张 迟 , Xu Kui , Wang Jianle , Cai Xiongxiong , Lin Jialiang , Hu Baiwen , Liu Ting , Xu Hongyu , Song Qinghua , Yao Qi , Xia Dongdong 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
It is reported that parathyroid hormone 1 receptor (PTH1R) is crucial for intervertebral disc homeostasis maintenance. Annular tear was widely accepted as a common condition to destroy the immune privilege of the disk. To explore whether PTH1R is related to the pathogenesis of annular tear induced-intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) in this study, we analyzed the protein content of PTH1R in deteriorated people nucleus pulposus (NP) structure. Moreover, PTH1R activity andextracellular matrix (ECM) metabolism-related factors in the rat nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) under oxidative stress conditions were evaluated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) in vitro. In addition, a rat IVDD model was constructed by a customized annulus needle puncture (ANP) device to evaluate IVDD grades in vivo. Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the performance of type II collagen (Col II) and PTH1R. The results displayed that the expression of PTH1R declined in degenerated human NP tissue. The increased PTH1R activity were observed in rat NPCs with low concentration Tert-Butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) treatment in vitro. In the rat IVDD model, the disc height had progressively narrowed and the disc structure was apparently disrupted in the ANP punctured discs. The protein expression of Col II and PTH1R was significantly down-regulated in ANP-punctured disc. This research demonstrated that our previous rat annulus needle puncture model could provide a reliable guide to the study of biologic processes in degenerating disks. Besides PTH1R has an inevitable connection with IVDD disease.
Echinococcus granulosus extracellular vesicles and their cargo in drug response: influence on initial immune response
Authors: Nicolao María Celeste , Rodrigues Christian Rodriguez , Coccimiglio Magalí B. , Ledo Camila , Docena Guillermo H. , Cumino Andrea C. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato species complex, causing cystic echinococcosis in both humans and animals, represent one of the most widespread zoonoses of medical importance, which evolved manipulating the immune response of their hosts. Parasite-derived small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are involved in the interaction between parasites and hosts, which are implicated in pathogenesis, proliferation, and signal transduction. The characteristics of E. granulosus sEVs from protoscoleces and their interaction with host-dendritic cells (DCs) have been reported, however, the effect on the initial immune response of sEVs recovered during parasite pharmacological treatment still remains unexplored.
Methods
Here, we isolated and characterized sEVs from control and drug-treated protoscoleces using ultracentrifugation, transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering and proteomic analysis. Also, we evaluated the cytokine response profile induced on murine bone marrow derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) by qPCR.
Results
Small EVs isolated, with conventional size between 50 to 200 nm, independent of drug treatment, showed more than 500 cargo proteins and prominently 20 known antigens and 70 potential antigenic proteins, several integral transmembrane and soluble proteins mainly associated with signal transduction, immunomodulation, scaffolding factors, extracellular matrix-anchoring and lipid transport. The identity and abundance of proteins in the sEV-cargo from metformin and ABZSO-treated parasites were determined by proteomic analysis, detecting 107 and 8 exclusive proteins, respectively that include proteins related to the mechanisms of drug action. Previously, we have shown that sEVs are efficiently uptaken by DCs and that the high-abundance of antigens present in sEVs promoted the DCs maturation and modified their phenotype. Here, we have determined that the interaction of murine BMDCs with sEVs derived from control and drug-treated parasites as albendazole and metformin, increased the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-12 compared to control cells. Additionally, protoscolex-derived vesicles from metformin treatments induced the production of IL-6, TNF-α and IL-10. Nevertheless, the expression of IL-23 and TGF-β was downregulated.
Conclusions
We demonstrated that sEV-cargo derived from drug-treated- E. granulosus protoscoleces have immunomodulatory functions, which enhance DCs activation toward a type 1 pro-inflammatory profile promoting a more restrictive response against the parasite and therefore contributing to propound a new approach for prevention and treatment of secondary echinococcosis.
Prognostic impact of palpable prostate tumors on disease progression after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy: a single center experience
Authors: Porcaro Antonio Benito , Gallina Sebastian , Bianchi Alberto , Tafuri Alessandro , Serafin Emanuele , Panunzio Andrea , Mazzucato Giovanni , Orlando Rossella , Ditonno Francesco , Ornaghi Paola Irene , Rizzetto Riccardo , Cerrato Clara , de Marco Vincenzo , Brunelli Matteo , Siracusano Salvatore , Cerruto Maria Angela , Antonelli Alessandro 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Objective:
This study aimed to evaluate the impact of palpable prostate tumors on digital rectal exam (DRE) on the disease progression of prostate cancer (PCa) treated with RARP surgery in a tertiary referral center.
Materials and methods:
Overall 901 patients were evaluated in a period ranging from January 2013 to October 2020. In the surgical specimen, unfavorable pathology included ISUP grade group ≥3, seminal vesicle invasion (SVI), and pelvic lymph node invasion (PLNI). Disease progression was defined as the occurrence of biochemical recurrence and/or local recurrence and/or distant metastases; its association with the primary endpoint was evaluated by Cox’s proportional model.
Results:
Palpable prostate tumors were detected in 359 (39.8%) patients. The overall median (IQR) follow-up was 40 months (17-59). PCa progressed in 159 cases (17.6%). Nodularity or induration of the prostate at DRE was significantly associated with features of unfavorable pathology, increased risk of PCa progression (hazard ratio, HR=1.902; 95% CI:1.389–2.605; p<0.0001) and, on multivariable analysis, was an independent prognostic factor for disease progression after adjusting for clinical and pathological variables.
Conclusions: Prostate tumors presenting with an abnormal DRE finding have an independent adverse outcome for disease progression after PCa surgery. They provide also independent prognostic information, as they may be more aggressive than impalpable PCa.
Modeling policy pathways to maximize renewable energy growth and investment in Democratic Republic of the Congo using OSeMOSYS
Authors: Dalder Jacob 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Keeping global warming from evolving into irreversible climate disaster requires immediate and sustained decarbonization of global energy systems. Of urgent priority are the energy systems in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) where billions of people are projected to gain energy access in the next several decades. Therefore, leapfrogging traditional fossil fuel-based electricity production in favor renewable energy technologies is a critical issue area for sustainability. In the Democratic Republic of the Congo, political and economic challenges mean $44B in external investment is required to achieve its 2030 emissions reduction targets. Additionally, RETs are often more expensive. This study sought to generate, evaluate, and recommend possible national policies for the DRC government to implement to most effectively boost growth and investment in RETs. Financial incentives were identified as the policy type most practical for DRC. Modeling the resulting energy systems for policy pathways involving a 16% RET subsidy, a 70% fossil fuel tax, and both in combination relative to no-policy baseline scenarios, the scenarios including the tax had the lowest net costs and the highest proportion of RETs (above 90%). Additionally, despite current reliance on hydropower to fulfill 98% of its energy needs, hydropower plays a very minor role in all modeled scenarios. Finally, a post-modeling market potential assessment was performed on the technology that dominated off-grid supply across policy pathways: the 0.3 kW small solar home system (SHS). Based on learning rates for solar PV, demand for the small SHS system in DRC (> 160 million units in total) was found to be sufficient to substantially reduce the unit cost as deployment scales. Putting results into context, emissions reductions for the policy pathways were higher than a past study focused on distributed RETs in DRC, and system costs were 15% higher than estimated in other analysis. These results provide a novel contribution to the literature by demonstrating how financial incentive policies can influence RET uptake in DRC specifically. Ultimately, this study yielded four policy recommendations for the DRC government: 1. Pursue financial incentives to catalyze DRC’s renewable energy supply 2. Tax fossil fuel energy production 3. Re-evaluate focus on hydropower 4. Promote DRC as a healthy market for solar home systems
Quantifying heat-related mortality attributable to human-induced climate change
Authors: Stuart-Smith Rupert , Vicedo-Cabrera Ana , Li Sihan , Otto Friederike , Belesova Kristine , Haines Andy , Harrington Luke , Hess Jeremy , Venkatraman Rashmi , Wetzer Thom , Woodward Alistair , Ebi Kristie 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The impacts of anthropogenic climate change remain largely unquantified. Here we detail and address limitations in existing methods for attributing health impacts to climate change, including the representation of the climate-health relationship, choices in calculating counterfactual temperatures, assessment of long-term trends and individual events, and estimation of the effects of adaptation. Applying these methods, we found over 1,700 deaths attributable to anthropogenic temperature increases in the Canton of Zürich (Switzerland) over 50 years. Changing exposures and vulnerabilities to heat, including due to adaptation, avoided over 700 deaths. Heat-related deaths peak during heatwaves but also occur throughout summer months and the fraction of deaths attributable to climate change is higher outside heatwaves. Our approach supports targeted adaptation measures, and the analyses described here could be adapted and applied elsewhere to assess the effect of climate change on other health impacts or economic losses.
Teaser Synthesis of climatological and epidemiology methods finds 1,700 heat deaths attributable to climate change in the Canton of Zürich (1969-2018).