bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ocrelizumab extended‐interval dosing in multiple sclerosis during SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic: a real‐world experience
Authors: Guerrieri Simone , Bucca Chiara , Nozzolillo Agostino , Genchi Angela , Zanetta Chiara , Cetta Ilaria , Rugarli Giulia , Gattuso Irene , Azzimonti Matteo , Rocca Maria Assunta , Moiola Lucia , Filippi Massimo ,   for the SanRaf MS Study Group
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackground and purposeDuring the COVID‐19 pandemic, ocrelizumab administration was frequently postponed because of a lack of safety information and to favour vaccination. The clinical implications of ocrelizumab administration delay in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients were assessed.MethodsRelapsing (RMS) and primary progressive (PPMS) MS patients receiving ocrelizumab for at least 6 months at our centre were retrospectively classified, according to the possible occurrence of a delay (≥4 weeks) in treatment administration. Patients were categorized in the extended‐interval dosing (EID) group in the presence of at least one delayed infusion; otherwise they were considered as part of the standard interval dosing (SID) cohort. MS history, magnetic resonance imaging examinations and B‐cell counts were also retrospectively collected and analysed.ResultsA total of 213 RMS and 61 PPMS patients were enrolled; 115 RMS and 29 PPMS patients had been treated according to the SID regimen, whilst 98 RMS and 32 PPMS patients were included in the EID cohort. Average follow‐up after delay was 1.28 ± 0.7 years in the EID cohort. In RMS, comparing SID and EID patients, no differences were found considering the occurrence of clinical relapses (9.6% vs. 16.3%, p = 0.338), magnetic resonance imaging activity (9.8% vs. 14.1%, p = 0.374) or disability progression (11.3% vs. 18.4%, p = 0.103). Similar findings were observed in PPMS patients. In the pooled EID group, treatment delay correlated with CD19‐positive relative (r = 0.530, p < 0.001) and absolute (r = 0.491, p < 0.001) cell counts, without implications on disease activity.ConclusionsSporadic ocrelizumab administration delay granted sustained treatment efficacy in our cohort. Prospective data should be obtained to confirm these observations and set up systematic extended‐interval regimens.
Integrated psychological care services within seizure settings: Key components and implementation factors among example services in fourILAEregions: A report by theILAEPsychiatry Commission
Authors: Gandy Milena , Michaelis Rosa , Acraman Jayne , Donald Kirsten A. , Fitzpatrick Michael , LaFrance W. Curt , Margolis Seth A. , Modi Avani C. , Reuber Markus , Tang Venus , Thayer Zoe , Verity Kirsten , Wagner Janelle L. , Wilmshurst Jo , Whittaker Sarah , Munger Clary Heidi M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMental health comorbidities are prevalent and problematic in patients with seizures but often suboptimally managed. To address common gaps in care, the Integrated Mental Health Care Pathways Task Force of the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) Psychiatry Commission was tasked with providing education and guidance on the integration of mental health management (e.g., screening, referral, treatment) into routine seizure care. This report aims to describe a variety of established services in this area, with a specific focus on psychological care models. Services were identified by members of the ILAE Psychiatry Commission and authors of psychological intervention trials in epilepsy. A total of eight services met inclusion criteria and agreed to be showcased. They include three pediatric and five adult services located across four distinct ILAE regions (Europe, North America, Africa, Asia Oceania). The report describes the core operations, known outcomes, and implementation factors (i.e., barriers and facilitators) of these services. The report concludes with a set of practical tips for building successful psychological care services within seizure settings, including the importance of having local champions, clearly defining the scope of the service, and establishing sustainable funding models. The breadth of exemplars demonstrates how models tailored to the local environment and resources can be implemented. This report is an initial step to disseminate information regarding integrated mental health care within seizure care settings. Future work is needed to systematically examine both psychological and pharmacological care models and to further establish the evidence base in this area, especially around clinical impact, and cost‐effectiveness.
Determinants of the cabinet size in presidential systems
Authors: Albala Adrián , Clerici Paula , Olivares Alejandro 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe composition of cabinets under presidential regimes has constituted one of the top topics of the litterature in political science in recent years. However, nothing has been said about the proper size of those cabinets. That is, why some cabinets are 37 ministers large when other is formed by just 13 members? We carry on a theory of cabinet size under presidential regimes, using insights from both parliamentarist and presidentialist literature. Our model is composed of five hypotheses relying on an original dataset of 161 observations across 19 presidential countries of the Americas. Our main finding is that the inclusion of independents and/or technocrats impacts significantly on lowering cabinets' size.
Acceptability of prenatal diagnosis and prenatal treatment of haemophilia using cell and gene therapies within US haemophilia community
Authors: Pham Quan D. M. , Thomson Sharon M. , Schaible Burk N. , Mills Kevin D. , Atala Anthony , Porada Christopher D. , Almeida‐Porada Graça 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe overall burden of disease in persons with haemophilia continues to be high despite the latest advancements in therapeutics. Clinical trials testing prenatal treatments for several genetic disorders are underway or are recruiting subjects, attesting to the much‐needed change in paradigm of how patients with monogenic disorders can be treated. Here we investigate the overall attitude towards prenatal diagnosis, preferences on types of prenatal therapies for haemophilia, the level of 'acceptable' risk tolerated, and which social and moral pressures or disease personal experiences may predict willingness of individuals to consider foetal therapy in a future pregnancy.ResultsA multidisciplinary team designed the survey, and the study was carried out using REDCap, and publicized through the National Haemophilia Foundation. Subjects ≥18 years of age were eligible to participate in the study. We assessed participants’ attitudes towards prenatal therapy and their level of 'acceptable' risk towards the procedure and therapy. The survey was completed by 67 adults, the majority females. Respondents were willing to undergo prenatal diagnosis, and their main concerns related to the well‐being of the pregnant woman and the foetus regarding lasting therapeutic efficacy, side effects of the therapy, and procedural risks, but they were likely to accept a wide range of prenatal therapeutic options, particularly if the foetal therapy proved to be long‐lasting and safe.ConclusionsThese data demonstrate the willingness of persons with haemophilia, and the haemophilia community, to explore new treatment options beyond the currently offered approaches.
Does universities' posting strategy influence their social media engagement? An analysis of the top‐ranked higher education institutions in different countries
Authors: Capriotti Paul , Martínez‐Gras Rodolfo , Zeler Ileana 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTo ensure the widespread dissemination of information and to foster interaction and dialogue with users, higher education institutions need to develop an active profile on the social networks. This paper analyses the influence of universities' posting strategy on their followers' engagement (reaction, virality and conversation) by measuring the level of activity and type of presence on their social networks. A content analysis was conducted to analyse 90,000 posts by 70 universities from Europe, the United States and Latin America on their institutional profiles on Twitter, Facebook and LinkedIn. The universities' posting activity on their social media is moderate (with an overall mean of 7.04 posts per day), but the interaction rate is very low (0.237), far below the recommended levels of engagement. Notably, increased activity by universities on social networks does not lead to greater engagement but points to an inverse relationship between the two. Our findings also indicate that university‐created content (UCC) achieves a higher level of engagement ( = 169.41) than university‐shared content (USC) ( = 126.18). This study explores the effect of universities' posting strategy dimensions on their follower's interaction.
Optimizing the design and implementation of question prompt lists to support person‐centred care: A scoping review
Authors: Ramlakhan Jessica U. , Dhanani Shazia , Berta Whitney B. , Gagliardi Anna R. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIntroductionQuestion prompt lists (QPLs) are lists of questions that patients may want to discuss with clinicians. QPLs support person‐centred care and have been associated with many beneficial outcomes including improved patient question‐asking, and the amount and quality of the information provided by clinicians. The purpose of this study was to review published research on QPLs to explore how QPL design and implementation can be optimized.MethodsWe performed a scoping review by searching MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, CINAHL, Cochrane Library and Joanna Briggs Database from inception to 8 May 2022, for English language studies of any design that evaluated QPLs. We used summary statistics and text to report study characteristics, and QPL design and implementation.ResultsWe included 57 studies published from 1988 to 2022 by authors in 12 countries on a range of clinical topics. Of those, 56% provided the QPL, but few described how QPLs were developed. The number of questions varied widely (range 9–191). Most QPLs were single‐page handouts (44%) but others ranged from 2 to 33 pages. Most studies implemented a QPL alone with no other accompanying strategy; most often in a print format before consultations by mail (18%) or in the waiting room (66%). Both patients and clinicians identified numerous benefits to patients of QPLs (e.g., increased patient confidence to ask questions, and patient satisfaction with communication or care received; and reduced anxiety about health status or treatment). To support use, patients desired access to QPLs in advance of clinician visits, and clinicians desired information/training on how to use the QPL and answer questions. Most (88%) studies reported at least one beneficial impact of QPLs. This was true even for single‐page QPLs with few questions unaccompanied by other implementation strategies. Despite favourable views of QPLs, few studies assessed outcomes amongst clinicians.ConclusionThis review identified QPL characteristics and implementation strategies that may be associated with beneficial outcomes. Future research should confirm these findings via systematic review and explore the benefits of QPLs from the clinician's perspective.Patient/Public ContributionFollowing this review, we used the findings to develop a QPL on hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and interviewed women and clinicians about QPL design including content, format, enablers and barriers of use, and potential outcomes including beneficial impacts and possible harms (will be published elsewhere).
Mössbauer study of the black‐glazed Jian bowl in the Song dynasty
Authors: Gong Chenying , Lu Zeyi , Shen Jiyu , Zhang Qinghang , Cao Huanhuan , Liu Guoqing , Wu Zhongjin , Zhou Kexuan , Xia Yanfang , Liu Min 
Published: May 2023

AbstractJian ware, also known as “Tenmoku,” is one of the famous black‐glazed porcelains in China. It was highly coveted in the Song dynasty (960–1279 AD) and was also a tribute to the royal family. The black‐glazed Jian wares are mainly made from iron‐rich clay. In this study, black‐glazed Jian bowl sherds excavated from the Song strata of Jian kiln sites were adopted as test samples. The iron phase and firing techniques of the black‐glazed Jian bowl from the Song dynasty were analyzed and discussed through Mössbauer spectroscopy on the both of body and glaze, together with X‐ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. According to the different iron content and the unique iron oxide phase reflected in the Mössbauer spectra, we analyzed the firing atmosphere, temperature, and other conditions of the ancient Jian bowl, as well as the difference of iron phase between the body and the glaze layer due to the collapse of the silicate framework. It provides new ideas for deciphering the firing technology and improving the synthesis of ancient black‐glazed Jian wares.
Resistant starch in common beans: Concentration, characteristics, uses and health effects. A systematic map and review of the studies from 1962 to 2023
Authors: Bozkır Eda , Santamarina Chiara , Mariotti Marco , Saia Sergio 
Published: May 2023

SummaryInformation on the resistant starch (RS) of the common bean seed, its concentration and health effects are scarce. RS is a starch fraction partly resistant to the digestive enzymes, thus acting as a food fibre. Through a systematic map of the RS concentration in common bean on scopus and web of science databases, we found 1978 records, of which 108 papers reporting information on the Composition or Characterisation (seventy‐four papers), Digestion/fermentation (thirty‐two papers) and Health issues (twenty‐three papers) and sixty‐two on the RS concentration of the crude common bean dry seed. We found that mean RS concentration in common bean is 16.4% (median = 12.2%) with a high‐standard deviation (12.8%). Common bean was compared with the other legumes in thirty‐four reports and to cereals in seventeen reports, and in three papers to either banana or potato. We found that reports on the industrial uses of bean RS and on the agronomic, environmental and genetic determinants of RS accumulation in common beans are very scarce. The ability to modulate RS concentration in beans can have different implications for countries with variable food calories or food fibre demand.
Positive effect of leptin substitution on mood and behaviour in patients with congenital leptin deficiency
Authors: von Schnurbein Julia , Remy Miriam , Brandt Stephanie , Manzoor Jaida , Kohlsdorf Katja , Mahmood Saqib , Hebebrand Johannes , Wabitsch Martin 
Published: May 2023

SummaryBackgroundStates of starvation are characterized by reduced physical activity and social withdrawal. This has been suggested to be mediated at least in part via reduced leptin concentrations.ObjectiveWe therefore aimed to ascertain if leptin substitution in patients with congenital leptin deficiency (CLD) can improve physical activity and mood.MethodsSeven patients with CLD were filmed prior to and after short‐ and long‐term substitution (2–21 days; 3–4 months) in a play situation. Six independent, blinded investigators ranked each video according to specifically developed scales concerning motor activity, social interaction, emotionality, and mood with higher scores representing improvements.ResultsShort term metreleptin substitution significantly increased mean total score from 17.7 ± 4.1 to 22.6 ± 6.6 (p = 0.039), and mean scores for motor activity (4.1 ± 1.1 to 5.1 ± 1.5, p = 0.023) and social interaction (4.6 ± 1.1 to 6.2 ± 1.7, p = 0.016). After long term substitution means of all four single scales and of total score were even higher than at short‐term follow‐up.During a treatment pause of 3 months in two children, all four scale scores fell below substitution levels and rose again after restart.ConclusionsMetreleptin substitution improved indices of physical activity and psychological wellbeing in patients with CLD. This suggests that reduced leptin concentrations might be in part responsible for emotional and behavioural changes seen during starvation.
Design and selection of solar‐powered Peltier‐based cooling neera (coconut sap) collecting system
Authors: Singh Chingakham Ngotomba , R Vidyalakshmi , N Venkatachalapathy , Anand M Tito 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe fresh sap harvested from the unbloomed inflorescence of the adult spadix of coconut tree (Cocus nucifera L.) is known as “neera.” It must be collected below room temperature to prevent naturally occurring fermentation. The study aims to design and choose the Peltier cooling neera collection system (PCNCS) for integration with the neera tapping machine. With a 12 V 6 A Peltier module powered by a direct current, this collecting system operates via the Peltier effect. In each of the four designs, two Peltier modules were used. Since the heatsink and fan must be fixed in each design, they have unique dimensions and capabilities. A 305 W solar panel powers the system, charging a 12 V 100 Ah lead‐acid battery. The test was conducted for 210 min by dispensing a 219 mL sample of neera from a plastic drip bottle at a flow rate of 1.5 liters per day. The design boxes include a variety of models, including elongated cuboidal boxes, cuboidal boxes, cubic boxes, and triangular prism boxes. The corresponding designs reached temperatures of 16.5, 19, 22, 20, and 18°C. Two alternative Peltier fixing position models were applied in the cubic box design. Among the four potential designs, the elongated cuboidal box with a COP of 0.7323 has been chosen since its trial result shows the lowest temperature.Practical ApplicationsThe Solar‐powered Peltier‐based cooling neera collecting system can be used to collect the unfermented neera and store the harvested neera for a specific time. The cooling collection system can help the tapper collect the neera without climbing the coconut tree. It can also reduce the labor charge from the daily climbing of coconut trees to harvest neera. The designed system allows us to serve the neera in a short period because it is collected and discharged frequently. Also help to the farmers to increasing their economy by means reducing the operating cost.
Pathogenesis of endometrium‐related diseases based on genomic alterations in normal uterine endometrium
Authors: Yoshihara Kosuke 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe human endometrium is a dynamically remodeling tissue that undergoes more than 400 cycles of regeneration, differentiation, shedding, and rapid healing during a woman's reproductive years. The endometrium is also the origin of various gynecologic diseases, such as endometriosis, adenomyosis, and uterine corpus cancer. Cancer‐associated gene mutations are detected in endometriosis, adenomyosis, and normal endometrium. Some reports have demonstrated that the accumulation of genomic alterations is a critical carcinogenic mechanism in the progression from normal endometrium to ovarian clear cell carcinoma via endometriosis. In this review, we discuss the clinical importance of genomic alterations in the normal endometrium, contributing to the elucidation of the pathogenesis of endometrium‐related diseases.
Global eco‐innovation and its local impact in emerging economies: Boundary conditions of environmental regulations and pollution intensity
Authors: Wang Chengang , Wei Yingqi , Wu Lichao 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis paper examines the eco‐innovation effects of foreign direct investment (FDI) by its economic agents, multinational enterprises (MNEs), in the context of emerging economies. It particularly focuses on environmental regulations and industrial pollution intensity as the key moderating mechanisms. We develop hypotheses by combining economic rationality of natural‐resource‐based view and institutional rationality of institution‐based view. Our theoretical discussions highlight the importance of the intersection between the two theories in explaining the eco‐innovation effects of foreign ownership and FDI spillovers, and in particular in allowing a nuanced consideration around the under‐explored boundary conditions of FDI effects in the eco‐innovation domain. Using the propensity score matching method to match domestically owned enterprises (DOEs) with foreign MNE‐invested enterprises (FIEs) in China during the period of 2001–2013, we find clear evidence that FIEs outperform their domestic counterparts of similar characteristics in conducting eco‐innovation. This superior performance is particularly pronounced in cities with higher levels of environmental regulation and industries with higher levels of pollution. Furthermore, we assess the local impact of MNEs on eco‐innovation of DOEs and find evidence that the presence of FDI, in particular, that within cities, leads to increased eco‐innovation in DOEs. FIEs' eco‐innovation spillover effects within a city are conditional on environmental regulation and pollution intensity. Thus, in China, MNEs are found to act as agents of change who not only conduct eco‐innovation in the host country but also stimulate the eco‐innovation of DOEs.
Efficacy and safety of adenotonsillectomy in the management of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in children with Down syndrome: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Li Yixuan , Du Jihong , Yin Hongyu , Wang Yang 
Published: May 2023

SummaryObstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is commonly observed in children with Down syndrome (DS) and may affect their physical and psychological development. Currently, adenotonsillectomy is the first line treatment option for paediatric patients with OSA. However, surgical outcomes for such patients are not satisfactory. In this study, we analysed the efficacy and safety of adenotonsillectomy in the treatment of children with obstructive sleep apnea and Down syndrome. We systematically searched the PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and the Cochrane databases and pooled data from nine relevant studies involving 384 participants. Subsequently, we analysed four outcomes in polysomnography, namely: net postoperative changes in the apnea–hypopnea index (AHI), the minimum oxygen saturation, sleep efficiency, and arousal index. Meta‐analysis of the AHI showed a decrease of 7.18 events/h [95% CI (−9.69, −4.67) events/h; p < 0.00001] and an increase in the minimum oxygen saturation of 3.14% [95% CI (1.44, 4.84) %; p = 0.0003]. There was no significant increase in sleep efficiency [MD 1.69%, 95% CI (−0.59, 3.98) %; p = 0.15], but the arousal index significantly decreased by −3.21 events/hour [95% CI (−6.04, −0.38) events/h; p < 0.03]. In addition, the overall success rate was 16% (95% CI, 12%–21%) for postoperative AHI < 1 and 57% (95% CI, 51%–63%) for postoperative AHI <5. The postoperative complications recorded included airway obstruction and bleeding. This study demonstrated the efficacy of adenotonsillectomy as a treatment option for OSA. However, it is important to note that residual OSA and potential postoperative complications require further attention in future studies.