bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Decreased ratios of matrix metalloproteinases to tissue-type inhibitors in cerebrospinal fluid in sporadic and hereditary cerebral amyloid angiopathy
Authors: Vervuurt Marc , de Kort Anna M. , Jäkel Lieke , Kersten Iris , Abdo Wilson F. , Schreuder Floris H. B. M. , Rasing Ingeborg , Terwindt Gisela M. , Wermer Marieke J. H. , Greenberg Steven M. , Klijn Catharina J. M. , Kuiperij H. Bea , Verbeek Marcel M. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background

To evaluate the potential of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of matrix metalloproteinases and tissue-type inhibitors (MMP; TIMP), and ratios of MMPs to TIMPs, to function as biomarkers for sporadic or hereditary cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA).

Methods
CSF concentrations of the matrix metalloproteinases MMP-2, MMP-9 and MMP-14, as well as the tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases TIMP-1, TIMP-2 and TIMP-3, were determined using immunoassays. These assays were applied to two, independent study groups of sporadic CAA (sCAA) (n = 28/43) and control subjects (n = 40/40), as well as to groups of pre-symptomatic (n = 11) and symptomatic hereditary Dutch-CAA (D-CAA) patients (n = 12), and age-matched controls (n = 22/28, respectively).

Results
In the sCAA/control cohorts, inconsistent differences were found for individual MMPs and TIMPs, but MMP-2/TIMP-2 (discovery/validation: p = 0.004; p = 0.02) and MMP-14/TIMP-2 ratios (discovery/validation: p < 0.001; p = 0.04) were consistently decreased in sCAA, compared to controls. Moreover, MMP-14 was decreased in symptomatic D-CAA (p = 0.03), compared to controls. The MMP-14/TIMP-1 (p = 0.03) and MMP-14/TIMP-2 (p = 0.04) ratios were decreased in symptomatic D-CAA compared to controls and also compared to pre-symptomatic D-CAA (p = 0.004; p = 0.005, respectively).

Conclusion
CSF MMP-2/TIMP-2 and MMP-14/TIMP-2 were consistently decreased in sCAA, compared to controls. Additionally, MMP-14/TIMP-2 levels were also decreased in symptomatic D-CAA, compared to both pre-symptomatic D-CAA and controls, and can therefore be considered a biomarker for sporadic and late-stage hereditary forms of CAA.
Altered dynamics of glymphatic flow in a mature-onset Tet-off APP mouse model of amyloidosis
Authors: Ben-Nejma Inès R. H. , Keliris Aneta J. , Vanreusel Verdi , Ponsaerts Peter , Van der Linden Annemie , Keliris Georgios A. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an incurable neurodegenerative disorder characterised by the progressive buildup of toxic amyloid-beta (Aβ) and tau protein aggregates eventually leading to cognitive decline. Recent lines of evidence suggest that an impairment of the glymphatic system (GS), a brain waste clearance pathway, plays a key role in the pathology of AD. Moreover, a relationship between GS function and neuronal network integrity has been strongly implicated. Here, we sought to assess the efficacy of the GS in a transgenic Tet-Off APP mouse model of amyloidosis, in which the expression of mutant APP was delayed until maturity, mimicking features of late-onset AD—the most common form of dementia in humans.

Methods
To evaluate GS function, we used dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) in 14-month-old Tet-Off APP (AD) mice and aged-matched littermate controls. Brain-wide transport of the Gd-DOTA contrast agent was monitored over time after cisterna magna injection. Region-of-interest analysis and computational modelling were used to assess GS dynamics while characterisation of brain tissue abnormalities at the microscale was performed ex vivo by immunohistochemistry.

Results
We observed reduced rostral glymphatic flow and higher accumulation of the contrast agent in areas proximal to the injection side in the AD group. Clustering and subsequent computational modelling of voxel time courses revealed significantly lower influx time constants in AD relative to the controls. Ex vivo evaluation showed abundant amyloid plaque burden in the AD group coinciding with extensive astrogliosis and microgliosis. The neuroinflammatory responses were also found in plaque-devoid regions, potentially impacting brain-fluid circulation.

Conclusions
In a context resembling late-onset AD in humans, we demonstrate the disruption of glymphatic function and particularly a reduction in brain-fluid influx in the AD group. We conjecture that the hindered circulation of cerebrospinal fluid is potentially caused by wide-spread astrogliosis and amyloid-related obstruction of the normal routes of glymphatic flow resulting in redirection towards caudal regions. In sum, our study highlights the translational potential of alternative approaches, such as targeting brain-fluid circulation as potential therapeutic strategies for AD.
Dynamic single-cell RNA-seq analysis reveals distinct tumor program associated with microenvironmental remodeling and drug sensitivity in multiple myeloma
Authors: Chen Mengping , Wan Yike , Li Xin , Xiang Jing , Chen Xiaotong , Jiang Jinxing , Han Xiaofeng , Zhong Lu , Xiao Fei , Liu Jia , Huang Honghui , Li Hua , Liu Junling , Hou Jian 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematological malignancy characterized by clonal proliferation of malignant plasma cells. Despite extensive research, molecular mechanisms in MM that drive drug sensitivity and clinic outcome remain elusive.

Results
Single-cell RNA sequencing was applied to study tumor heterogeneity and molecular dynamics in 10 MM individuals before and after 2 cycles of bortezomib–cyclophosphamide–dexamethasone (VCD) treatment, with 3 healthy volunteers as controls. We identified that unfolded protein response and metabolic-related program were decreased, whereas stress-associated and immune reactive programs were increased after 2 cycles of VCD treatment. Interestingly, low expression of the immune reactive program by tumor cells was associated with unfavorable drug response and poor survival in MM, which probably due to downregulation of MHC class I mediated antigen presentation and immune surveillance, and upregulation of markers related to immune escape. Furthermore, combined with immune cells profiling, we uncovered a link between tumor intrinsic immune reactive program and immunosuppressive phenotype in microenvironment, evidenced by exhausted states and expression of checkpoint molecules and suppressive genes in T cells, NK cells and monocytes. Notably, expression of YBX1 was associated with downregulation of immune activation signaling in myeloma and reduced immune cells infiltration, thereby contributed to poor prognosis.

Conclusions
We dissected the tumor and immune reprogramming in MM during targeted therapy at the single-cell resolution, and identified a tumor program that integrated tumoral signaling and changes in immune microenvironment, which provided insights into understanding drug sensitivity in MM.
Antioxidant capacity, flavor and physicochemical properties of FH06 functional beverage fermented by lactic acid bacteria: a promising method to improve antioxidant activity and flavor of plant functional beverage
Authors: Yan Xian-Tao , Zhang Ziqi , Wang Yubao , Zhang Wenmiao , Zhang Longfei , Liu Yang , Chen Dawei , Wang Wenqiong , Ma Wenlong , Qian Jian-Ya , Gu Ruixia 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe ability of natural plants to treat chronic diseases is closely related to their antioxidant function. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) fermentation is an effective way to improve the nutritional value, biological activity and flavor of food. This study investigated the pH, titratable acidity, total polysaccharide, total flavone, total saponin, total polyphenol, and antioxidant activity of the FH06 beverage before and after probiotic fermentation. Results: After fermentation, FH06 had lower contents of total polysaccharides, total flavonoids, total saponins and total polyphenols but higher titratable acidity. The antioxidant activity was tested by total antioxidant capacity (FRAP method) and DPPH· scavenging ability. The FRAP value significantly increased after fermentation (P < 0.05), and the maximum increase was observed for Lactobacillus fermentum grx08 at 25.87%. For DPPH· scavenging ability, the value of all fermentations decreased, and L. fermentum grx08 had the smallest reduction at 2.21% (P < 0.05). The results of GC–MS and sensory analysis showed that fermentation eliminated bad flavors, such as grass, cassia and bitterness, and highlighted the fruit aroma and soft sour taste. Conclusion: The FRAP value and sensory flavor of FH06 fermentation by L. fermentum grx08 were significantly improved, indicating its great potential as a functional food with both strong antioxidant activity and good flavor.
Graphical Abstract
Intelligent generation of Peking opera facial masks with deep learning frameworks
Authors: Yan Ming , Xiong Rui , Shen Yinghua , Jin Cong , Wang Yan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The production of traditional Peking opera facial masks often relies on hand painting by experienced painters, which restricts the inheritance and development of this intangible cultural heritage. Current research mainly focuses on the digital reconstruction and storage of existing Peking opera facial masks, while high-quality facial mask generation technology is still in an infancy stage. In this paper, different deep learning frameworks are improved for learning features of Peking opera facial masks and generating new masks, which can effectively promote the creative application of Peking opera facial masks. First, using different data enhancement methods, an improved Style Generative Adversarial Network-2 (StyleGAN2) can learn implicit and explicit features of Peking opera facial masks and automatically generate new facial masks. In addition, an image translation framework for joint cross-domain communication under weak supervision is used to translate face sketches and color reference maps to an intermediate feature domain, and then synthesize new facial masks through an image generation network. The experimental results show that the generated Peking opera facial masks have good local randomness and excellent visual quality.
Adhesive hydrogels in osteoarthritis: from design to application
Authors: Duan Wang-Lin , Zhang Li-Ning , Bohara Raghvendra , Martin-Saldaña Sergio , Yang Fei , Zhao Yi-Yang , Xie Yong , Bu Ya-Zhong , Pandit Abhay 
Published: January 2023

AbstractOsteoarthritis (OA) is the most common type of degenerative joint disease which affects 7% of the global population and more than 500 million people worldwide. One research frontier is the development of hydrogels for OA treatment, which operate either as functional scaffolds of tissue engineering or as delivery vehicles of functional additives. Both approaches address the big challenge: establishing stable integration of such delivery systems or implants. Adhesive hydrogels provide possible solutions to this challenge. However, few studies have described the current advances in using adhesive hydrogel for OA treatment. This review summarizes the commonly used hydrogels with their adhesion mechanisms and components. Additionally, recognizing that OA is a complex disease involving different biological mechanisms, the bioactive therapeutic strategies are also presented. By presenting the adhesive hydrogels in an interdisciplinary way, including both the fields of chemistry and biology, this review will attempt to provide a comprehensive insight for designing novel bioadhesive systems for OA therapy.
Strategic interaction between institutional investors and supervision department: a theoretical analysis of low-price collusion in SBIC
Authors: Li Xin , Chen Zhuming 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe introduce evolutionary game method to analyze low-price collusion in inquiry market of Sci-Tech Innovation Board of China (SIBC) from the perspective of strategic interaction between large institutional investors (LIIs), small and medium-sized institutional investors (SMIIs), and supervision department (SD). The results show that supervision behaviors of SD, and quotation behaviors of institutional investors, are subject to supervision conditions. Under the condition that benefits of tough supervision are lower a lot than minimum benefits of light supervision (light supervision condition), SD will choose light supervision and institutional investors will turn to illegal quotation in response. Finally, a steady-state equilibrium with low-price collusion will form in SIBC’s inquiry market even with a large supervision penalty for illegal quotation. On the contrary, under the condition that benefits of tough supervision are higher a lot than maximum benefits of light supervision (tough supervision condition) and with a large penalty for illegal quotation, SD and institutional investors will choose tough supervision and legal quotation. Further numerical simulations under light supervision condition show that: (1) High-price culling rule will become a booster for low-price collusion and accelerate SMIIs’ evolutionary process to imitative quotation. (2) Blindly increasing penalties for illegal quotation or reducing the culling rate is not an appropriate approach to solve the problem of low-price collusion since it cannot shift supervision condition from light into tough and make SD supervise toughly. (3) Institutional investors’ choices of quotation strategies are more volatile and highly susceptible to supervision behaviors of SD when facing exogenous uncertainty. Therefore, the keys to solving the problem of low-price collusion are shifting supervision condition from light into tough through increasing incremental benefits of tough supervision, and providing institutional investors with a stable and predictable supervision policy. In conclusion, the creation of a fair inquiry market doesn’t only depend on restraint and punishment to institutional investors, but also requires the establishment of supervision mechanism those are compatible with market-based inquiry.
Grounding fault location method of overhead line based on dual-axis magnetic field trajectory
Authors: Wang Xiaowei , Du Huan , Gao Jie , Wei Xiangxiang , Liang Zhenfeng , Guo Liang , Liu Weibo 
Published: January 2023

AbstractTo address the challenges in fault location in distribution networks, the distribution of magnetic field under overhead line and its relationship with three-phase currents are explored in this paper. At the same time, considering the influence of sensor installation position, line sag and galloping on magnetic field, a grounding fault location method of an overhead line based on dual-axis magnetic field trajectory is proposed. The analytical expressions of the magnetic field on the x-axis and y-axis under the overhead line are obtained by least squares fitting. The Lissajous figure synthesized by dual-axis is then compared with the general equation of an ellipse, and the characteristic quantity expression characterizing the magnetic field trajectory structure is obtained. Finally, a fault location criterion is constructed using the difference of the characteristic quantities of the ellipses synthesized by x-axis and y-axis magnetic fields upstream and downstream of the fault point, i.e., the difference of the length of the major axis and the minor axis, and the sign for the ratio of the cosine value of the inclination angle. Compared with other location methods based on electrical quantity, the principle of this method is simpler and it can locate faults more quickly and accurately. A large number of simulation results show that the proposed method is suitable for different types of fault conditions.
Laparoscopic-assisted intraperitoneal placement of lumboperitoneal shunt in patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension
Authors: Alawamry Ahmed , Youssef Essam M. , Morsy Ahmed Ali , Ashour Hassan , Samir Mohamed A. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundLumboperitoneal (LP) shunting is an effective treatment option aiming at cerebrospinal fluid diversion in cases of idiopathic intracranial hypertension. Confirming the distal end position, on the other hand, could be technically difficult, especially in obese people. With minimal invasive procedures, laparoscopic-assisted placement of the peritoneal side of the LP shunt became a valid treatment option. In this study, we aim to evaluate the operation duration, possible complications, and patient outcomes after the placement of a peritoneal catheter using the laparoscopically assisted technique.MethodsA retrospective analysis of clinical, preoperative, and postoperative data for 18 patients diagnosed with idiopathic intracranial hypertension and undergoing LP shunt surgery using the laparoscopic-assisted technique for intraperitoneal catheter placement between 2019 and 2021 was performed.ResultsThe average operating time was 93.89 min, and the average hospital stay was 2.3 days. There was no mortality among cases treated with the described technique, and no intraoperative complication occurred. Seven patients (38.9%) had LP shunt failure, with a median duration to failure of 212 days; three cases for slippage, two cases had over drainage, one case had peritoneal adhesions around the shunt tip, and one case had Arnold Chiari malformation.ConclusionsThe laparoscopic assisted technique is safe and feasible. It allowed a direct vision of the shunt tip position within the peritoneal cavity which helped in confirming position and assessing function, resulting in a superior option over classic surgical options. Short hospital stay, minimal postoperative pain, and low failure rates are the main advantages of described technique.
Metabolic and hormonal dysfunction in asymptomatic patient using selective androgen receptor modulators: a case report
Authors: Malave Brian 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs) are becoming increasingly common amongst athletes and the general population, but their side effect profile in human subjects at recreational doses is understudied.

Case presentation
A 27-year-old asymptomatic male weightlifter presented for an annual physical exam and was coincidentally found to have an abnormal lipid panel, which the patient believed to be due to recreational SARMs (LGD-4033 and S-23) usage. Further work-up revealed elevated liver enzymes suggestive of hepatocellular injury and suppression of the pituitary–gonadal axis. Lipids, hepatic function, and hormones returned to baseline after cessation of SARMs.

Conclusions
This is the first case report on how SARMs may impact LDL, cause hepatocellular rather than cholestatic liver injury, and alter health markers despite complete lack of symptoms. It is also the first case report on the potential negative effects of the SARM S-23.
An Arabic version of Barkley Deficits in Executive Functioning Scale - Children and Adolescents (BDEFS-CA): translation and validation study
Authors: Hamza Aya Maged , Ghobashy Soha A. , Abou El Wafa Heba E. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
While executive dysfunctions are present abundantly in children with psychiatric and developmental disorders, unfortunately, it is significantly underdiagnosed in Arab countries due to the lack of Arabic executive functions diagnostic scales. To our knowledge, there is no available Arabic rating scale for assessing executive functions in children and adolescents till this moment except for BRIEF-2 which excluded anyone with a mental, learning, developmental, or medical disorder constituting unfortunately 25% of the general population. Our paper describes the translation and validation of an Arabic version of the Barkley Deficits in Executive Functioning Scale - Children and Adolescents (BDEFS-CA) (long form). The translation was done using the forward-backward method and the study population for validation included 60 parents of children of age 6–13 years.

Results
Reliability of the scale domains was evident in Arabic showing high internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha from 0.93 to 0.97 scores over the five domains). These values were close to the original English version which is 0.95 to 0.97.

Conclusion
The reliability of the Arabic version of BDEFS-CA was adequate making it a valuable instrument for executive function assessment in Arabic children and adolescents.
Determination of intensity and spread of light to the surrounding in conventional phototherapy and comparison with novel converging photo unit — an observational study
Authors: Krishnegowda Sushma , Thandaveshwara Deepti , Doreswamy Srinivasa Murthy 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Blue light phototherapy used extensively in the management of hyperbilirubinemia has many side effects like dry eyes, blurring, headache, and altered circadian rhythm. Healthcare providers working around the phototherapy are unduly exposed to these side effects. Altered circadian rhythm results in disruption in the sleep-wake cycle affecting healthcare providers particularly working during the night shift. The constant glare of the blue light interrupts in clinical observation of the baby on phototherapy. With the intent of providing effective phototherapy with minimal exposure of blue light to healthcare providers, a light source called the photo unit was designed and developed.
The objective of this study was to estimate the intensity and spread of blue light to the surrounding in conventional phototherapy and to compare the same with newly developed converging photo unit.

Results
The therapeutic range of irradiance was noted up to 22 inch in diameter with conventional phototherapy compared to only 7 inch with our photo unit. The light spread with a conventional phototherapy unit was seen beyond 50 inch in all directions whereas was confined to 19-inch diameter with photo unit.

Conclusion
Photo unit developed by the authors has minimal divergence of light to the surrounding, thereby mitigating the side effects of blue light exposure to the people working in the vicinity. Multiple of these photo units can be used to make a phototherapy device.
Structural control of V2O5 nanoparticles via a thermal decomposition method for prospective photocatalytic applications
Authors: Ashery Marwa H. , Elnouby Mohamed , EL-Maghraby E. M. , Elsehly E. M. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Recently, transition-metal oxides have represented an exciting research topic, especially their fundamental and technological aspects. Here, vanadium pentoxide nanoparticles (V2O5-NPs) were synthesized through the thermal decomposition of ammonium meta-vanadate. In the current study, we investigated the photocatalytic activity of V2O5-NPs to develop and regulate the V2O5 structure for adsorption applications.

Results
The obtained nanoparticles were inspected by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, and differential thermogravimetric analysis, which proved the formation of the nanorod structure. The ultraviolet–visible absorption spectra revealed a 2.26 eV band gap for V2O5-NPs that correlates with indirect optical transitions. The photocatalytic activity of the V2O5-NPs was investigated by methylene blue (MB) degradation in aqueous solutions. An initial concentration of 25 ppm, a temperature of 40 °C, 40 mg of adsorbent mass, and 1 h of contact time were the optimal conditions for the efficient removal of MB that could reach up to 92.4%. The mechanism of MB photocatalytic degradation by V2O5-NPs is explained.

Conclusions
The photodegradation data better fit with the Langmuir isotherm model. The thermodynamic parameters indicated that the adsorption was spontaneous and endothermic. The reaction kinetics followed the pseudo-second-order model. Thermally prepared V2O5-NPs offer a simple and efficient approach for selective MB removal from an aqueous medium.

Graphical abstract