bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A non-tissue culture dependent genetic transformation of Marchantia polymorphya L.
Authors: Zhang lan , Xu Ning , Man Jian ming , Luo Rui 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Marchantia polymorphya is one of the earliest terrestrial plant. As a new type of model plant, there are many advantages in plant biological researching, such as short growth cycle, haploid gametophyte dominance, sexual and asexual propagation simultaneously, and so on. In this study, a non-tissue culture dependent genetic transformation was developed for M. polymorphya. This method consists of immersion of explants (thalli or mature gemmae collected in field conveniently, without pre-culture) in solution of Agrobacterium, inoculation on soil simply, screening by spaying of selection solution directly. Over-expression of MpCCAAT-NFYB5(Mp6g07410.1) and corresponding changes of phenotype were observed. Furthermore, non-chimera transformant could be obtained rapidly through four cycles of gemmae reproduction. This method will facilitate further molecular biological works in this model plant.
Indoor environmental parameters are related to house typology in the South of Vietnam
Authors: Tran Thanh Ngoc , Nguyen Diem K. T. , Tran Thuy T. T. , Hauglustaine Jean-Marie , Michel Olivier , BOULAND Catherine 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: Several indoor pollutants such as carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, volatile organic compounds, particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter under 2.5μm (PM2.5) and endotoxin in house dust contribute to increasing the risk of chronic respiratory diseases. The types of dwellings and housing ventilation can affect indoor pollutant concentrations.
Methods: Our study was carried out on 100 houses to define indoor air (IA) characteristics of 5 typical house types (apartment, rental, rural, slum and tube houses) in Ho Chi Minh City.
Results: The measured mean concentrations reached respectively 2.37ppm for carbon monoxide, 485.10ppm (441.60-520.50) for carbon dioxide, 23.20µg/m3 for PM2.5, 70.40ppb for VOC, 300C for temperature, 60.5% for relative humidity, 107.80EU/mg for living room endotoxin, 124.50EU/mg for bedroom endotoxin and 149.10EU/mg for kitchen endotoxin. Most parameters were differently distributed among the five studied house types (p<0.05, ANOVA one-way), except for PM2.5, VOC, and relative humidity.
Conclusion: Two house types (rental house and slum house) presented higher levels of most parameters, while the rural house presented higher PM2.5 and endotoxin levels than all the other house types. The apartment showed lower concentrations of all parameters than the other house types. In a later phase, the IA characteristics will be confronted with the prevalence of chronic respiratory diseases.
Efficient adsorption on Cr(VI) and electrochemical application of N, P co-doped carbon spheres
Authors: Luo Tian , Xing Xianjun , Zhang Xuefei , Yue Wang , Ma Xiufen 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In this study, nitrogen and phosphorus co-doped carbon sphere was synthesized and prepared by a two-step hydrothermal activation pyrolysis method using agricultural, in which the forestry waste walnut shells, urea, and phosphoric acid were used as carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus sources, respectively, for the efficient treatment of heavy metals Cr(VI) in wastewater, and a supercapacitor with high capacitive performance was investigated on this basis. The adsorption capacity of the N, P co-doped carbon sphere (N2PBC1-400) was optimal for Cr(VI), and the abundant functional groups on the surface of the carbon spheres significantly promoted the adsorption and reduction of Cr(VI). The adsorption capacity of the carbon material was up to 100.55 mg/g at 318 K, and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model were used to describe the adsorption process. Before and after adsorption, the material was applied to the electrode material of the supercapacitor, and the capacitive performance of the adsorbed material was satisfactory as well as the excellent cycling stability which 93% capacity retention even after 5000 cycles.
State transitions across the Strep A disease spectrum: scoping review and evidence gaps
Authors: Parajulee Prerana , Lee Jungseok , Abbas Kaja , Cannon Jeffrey , Excler Jean Louis , Kim Jerome , Mogasale Vittal 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The spectrum of disease caused by Streptococcus pyogenes (Strep A) ranges from superficial to serious life-threatening invasive infections. We conducted a scoping review of published articles between 1980 and 2021 to synthesize evidence of state transitions across the Strep A disease spectrum. We identified 175 articles reporting 262 distinct GAS disease state transitions. Transition in the invasive and toxin-mediated disease category was highest (46%), while it was lowest (2.8%) in the locally invasive category. Transitions from well to any other state was most frequently reported (49%) whereas a relatively higher number of studies (n=71) reported transition from invasive disease to death. Transitions from any disease state to locally invasive, GAS Pharyngitis to invasive disease, and chronic kidney disease to death were lacking. Transitions related to severe invasive diseases were more frequently reported than superficial ones. Most evidence originated from high-income countries and there is a critical need for new studies in low- and middle-income countries to infer the state transitions across the Strep A disease spectrum in these high-burden settings.
Testicular biometry and semen quality in Bengal kids during pubertal period
Authors: Rava Prince Clinton , Sarkar Debajyoti , Singha Shubham , Mondal Mohan , Mandal Ajoy , Mandal Dilip Kumar , Das Subrata Kumar , Rai Saroj , Bhakat Champak , Karunakaran Muthupalani 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe present experiment was carried out to ascertain age at puberty and sexual maturity in Bengal bucks reared in India and Bangladesh. Bengal males (n = 33) aged between 2 and 12 months were selected and categorized into group A (aged 4–12 months) and Group B (aged 2–8 months). Body weight, scrotal circumference, and testicular biometry, blood testosterone levels of males under Group A were recorded at 15 days intervals. Semen collection was attempted from four months of age onward, and collected semen samples were evaluated for quality and cryo-preservability. Male kids under group B were castrated from two months of age onward, testicular biometry and quality parameters of sperm cells harvested from cauda epididymis were recorded. Body weight, scrotal and testicular biometry parameters increased significantly as age advances and were positively correlated. Ejaculates collected from kids aged 4.5 months contained few immature sperm cells while cauda epididymis of castrated kids contained viable sperm cells from 5 months of age onward, and blood testosterone levels reached 5.95 ± 0.44 ng/ml at the same period. But semen ejaculates containing adequate numbers of matured motile sperm cells could be collected only from six months of age onward. Further, semen ejaculate characters and their cryo-survivability were optimal at 11–12 months of age with almost stable body weight, and scrotal/ testicular biometry. Based on the above facts, it could be concluded that the Bengal bucks attained puberty at 5–6 months and sexual maturity at 11–12 months of age.
Anisotropic Carrier Dynamics and Laser-Fabricated Luminescent Patterns on Oriented Single-Crystal Perovskite Wafers
Authors: Ge Chao , Li Yachao , Xie Qiyuan , Zhang Leilei , Ma Xiaoran , Guo Xiangjing , Liu Junfeng , Yan Yinzhou , Liu Danmin , Song Haiying , Liu Shibing , Liu Yang 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Perovskite materials and their applications in optoelectronics have attracted intensive attentions in recent years. However, in-depth understanding about their anisotropic behavior in ultrafast carrier dynamics is still lacking. Here we explore the ultrafast dynamical evolution of photo-excited carriers and photoluminescence (PL) based on our delicately-grown MAPbBr3 high-quality bulk single crystals and differently-oriented wafers. The distinct in-plane polarization of carrier relaxation dynamics of the (100), (110) and (111) wafers and their out-of-plane anisotropy in a picosecond time scale were found by femtosecond time- and angle-resolved transient transmission measurements, indicating the relaxation process dominated by optical/acoustic phonon interaction is related to the photoinduced transient structure rearrangements. Femtosecond laser two-photon fabricated patterns exhibit three orders of magnitude enhancement of emission due to the formation of tentacle-like microstructures. Such a ultrafast dynamic study carried on differently-oriented crystal wafers is believed to provide a deep insight about the photophysical process of perovskites and to be helpful for developing polarization-sensitive and ultrafast-responsive optoelectronic devices.
Epidemiological analysis of tuberculosis in a remote district of Eritrea: implications for TB control strategies
Authors: Mengistu Samuel Tekle , Kesete Yafet , Tesfay Meron , Ghebremeskel Ghirmay Ghebrekidan , Abraham Saron , Hamida Mohammed Elfatih , Achila Oliver Okoth 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a major global health challenge, with an estimated 10 million new cases and 1.4 million deaths in 2019. However, despite the high burden of disease, TB remains a neglected and underfunded issue in many parts of the world. In this study, we aimed to provide information on the frequency and spatiotemporal distribution of TB in one of Eritrea's most remote areas, Nakfa, in order to better understand the local epidemiology of the disease.
Methodology: We collected data from the Nakfa Hospital Registry on TB patients diagnosed between 2007 and 2021. We calculated the crude incidence rate (CIR) and the age-standardized rate (ASR) for the study population, and used a joint point regression model to analyze changes in incidence over time.
Results: Of the 2,155 sputum samples collected in Nakfa during the study period, 165 (7.6%) were smear positive for pulmonary TB (PTB). An additional 104 patients were diagnosed with extrapulmonary TB, and 47 cases of PTB were diagnosed as smear-negative. Women accounted for a slightly larger proportion of TB cases than men, and the highest incidence rates were observed in individuals over the age of 45. Spatiotemporal analysis revealed that TB was concentrated in areas near the Nakfa Hospital.
Conclusion: Our findings suggest that TB incidence in Nakfa district is relatively stable, but the distribution of the disease is uneven and may be associated with a lack of TB care services in some subzones. We recommend greater decentralization of TB care services and increased case-finding activities in order to improve the detection and treatment of TB in Nakfa and other remote areas. Our study also highlights the need for continued investment in TB research and control efforts globally, in order to address this persistent public health challenge.
Case report: a glioma patient diagnosed as constitutional mismatch repair deficiency syndrome (CMMRD) with a de novo germline variant in PMS2
Authors: Zheng Xiangrong , Yang Hongan , Du Jianyang , Li Mengmeng , Han Tiantian , Luo Ningning , Ding Feng 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background

Constitutional mismatch repair deficiency syndrome (CMMRD) is a rare autosomal recessive condition caused by biallelic mutations in mismatch repair (MMR) genes. 60% of CMMRD is caused by PMS2. CMMRD is often associated with a higher risk of malignancy in children and adolescents, with brain malignancies accounting for 50% of CMMRD cases. Currently, the diagnosis of CMMRD remains flawed, including immature clinical diagnostic criteria due to the small number of cases, and the complexity and technical limitations of molecular diagnosis. Previously reported CMMRD cases were mainly caused by homozygous mutations in PMS2, and de novo mutations in PMS2 with MSI-H were not reported.

Case presentation

In our case, we firstly reported a hypermutated glioma patient diagnosed as CMMRD at 22 years old. The patient was identified as CMMRD by the germline result of PMS2 p. V23Ifs*10 LP variant (+ PMS2 p.D694Y VUS variant) based on NGS detection and the clinical phenotype of glioma < 25 years and MSI-H.

Conclusions

This case sheds light on the limitations of the current diagnosis of CMMRD. Our case focuses on the clinical dilemma of "CMMRD-like" phenotype patients, aiming to attract everyone's attention and actively promote the improvement of CMMRD diagnostic standards.
Circulating lymphocytes in Relation to Long-term Clinical Outcome in Patients with Prostate Cancer
Authors: Chen Jiayi , Yu Feng , Li Guanglan , He Ganyuan , Yu Qixing , Hao Wenke , Hu Wenxue 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: The clinical outcomes of prostate cancer (PC) may involve changes in immune profiles. Whether long-term prognosis of PC is related to circulating lymphocytes is still uncertain. Therefore, we investigated the long-term prognostic value of different lymphocyte populations in PC.
Materials: Patients with a pathological diagnosis of PC, at the Gleason Grades of 5 to 10 were included in the prospective cohort study. Lymphocyte count was evaluated in peripheral blood by flow cytometry. The prognostic value of different lymphocytes was analyzed in the whole cohort and the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression models were used for survival curves and multivariate analysis, respectively.
Results: Between January 2001 and June 2021, 94 evaluable patients with prostate cancer were prospectively enrolled. The median follow-up duration of the study was 98 months. The levels of the CD4(+)/CD8(+) ratio, CD19(+), and CD19(+)CD5(−) B lymphocytes in non-survivors were lower than those in survivors. Grouping by each cutoff point of the lymphocytes respectively, the lower level of total CD3(+) T cells, CD3(+)CD4(+) T cells, the CD4(+)/CD8(+) ratio, total CD19(+) B cells, CD19(+)CD5(+) B cells, CD19(+)CD5(-) B cells showed poor survival. Multivariate Cox regression analysis confirmed the worse prognosis associated with higher PSA (HR=2.493, 95%CI: 1.356-4.584, P=0.003), lower CD3(+)CD4(+) T lymphocytes (HR=0.379, 95%CI: 0.170-0.843, P=0.017), lower total CD19(+) B cell (HR=0.398, 95%CI:0.187-0.845, P=0.016) and higher CD3(-)CD16(+)CD56(+) NK cells(HR=2.355, 95%CI: 1.175-4.723, P=0.016).
Conclusion: Our results showed that low level of CD4(+) T lymphocytes, decreased CD19(+) B cell and high level of NK cells were correlated with poor survival, which indicates that B lymphocytes, CD4(+) T lymphocytes and NK cells might involve in prostate cancer and associated with the long-term prognosis of this elderly patients.
Significant association of BRCA1 (rs1799950), BRCA2 (rs144848) and TP53 (rs1042522) polymorphism with breast cancer risk in Pashtun population of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Authors: Khan Yumna , Khan Najeeb Ullah , Ali Ijaz , Khan Samiullah , Khan Aakif Ullah , Iqbal Aqib , Adams Brian D 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: Single Nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) in BRCA1, BRCA2 and TP53 has been widely associated with breast cancer risk in different ethnicities with inconsistent results. There is no such study conducted so far in the Pashtun population of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Therefore, this study was conducted to check BRCA1(rs1799950), BRCA2 (rs144848) and TP53 (rs1042522) polymorphism with breast cancer risk in Pashtun population of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
Methods: This study, consisting 140 breast cancer patients and 80 gender and age matched healthy controls were subjected to confirm BRCA1, BRCA2 and TP53 polymorphism. Clinicopathological data and blood samples were taken from all the participants. DNA was extracted and SNPs were confirmed using T-ARMS-PCR protocol.
Results:
Our data indicated that BRCA1, BRCA2, and TP53 selected SNPs risk allele and risk allele containing genotypes displayed significant association (P< 0.05) with breast cancer risk in the Pashtun population of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
Conclusion: All the three selected SNPs of BRCA1, BRCA2 and TP53 showed significant association with breast cancer risk in the Pashtun population of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. However, more investigation will be required on large data sets to confirm the selected SNPs and other SNPs in the selected and other related genes with the risk of breast cancer.
Real-time organic compounds monitoring in advanced oxidation process (AOP) of sewage digestion tank wastewater: introduction of UV-VIS spectrum representative index by discrete Fourier transform
Authors: Akter Jesmin , kim Weonjae , kim Ilho , Lee Jaiyeop 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Anaerobic digestion effluent from sewage treatment plants (STP) is challenging because of high organic matter and inorganic nitrogen concentrations, which require an effective process for biological treatment. The study aimed to introduce a UV-VIS spectrum representative index by discrete Fourier transform (DFT) and apply UV/Vis spectrophotometric techniques for the real-time organic compounds monitoring in the AOP process using anaerobic digestion tank effluent wastewater. However, the effect of advanced oxidation on the organic compounds of effluent using ozonation was examined. Therefore, in this research, after treating secondary treated water with the UV-AOP process and anaerobic digestion effluent with ozone microbubble systems, changes in organic substances were expressed by the UV-VIS spectrum and compared with conventional water quality parameters. The anaerobic digestion tank effluent was subjected to ozonation, had a high curve, and fell gently from 230 nm to 667 nm. Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) was applied to obtain representative values from the obtained spectrum. Among the coefficients obtained by analyzing the UV-Vis spectrum by DFT, an expected value was selected, and the correlation between CODMn and a3 was the highest (correlation function = 0.694, RSQ = 0.482). Therefore, a linear regression analysis was performed to determine which water quality factor it was related to.
Decentralized data transaction method and platform based on Ethereum + IPFS
Authors: Zhang Jiqun , Zhao Bin , Chen Fengmei , Qi Haodong , Gao Yilong , Zhang Wenyin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
To address the problems of unclear data ownership and security in data transaction scenarios, a decentralized data transaction method and platform based on Ethereum + IPFS are proposed in this paper. The proposed method first performs similar calculations on text using natural language processing technology to realize data rights, then build a transaction body-centered data encryption; finally execute a decryption process through smart contracts to avoid malicious transaction behavior. The designed data-trading platform consists of three parts: customer front-end, back-end, and database. The database adopts the Ethereum and interplanetary file system. Experiments show that the designed platform can solve the problems of unclear data ownership and security in the process of data transactions, reduce data transaction costs, and provide safe and reliable data transaction services for buyers and sellers.
Sludge Dewaterability Testing: Relationship Between Capillary Suction Time (CST) and Specific Resistance to Filtration (SRF) for coagulation flocculation sludge
Authors: Fitria Dewi , Scholz Miklas , Swift Gareth M. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Capillary suction time (CST) and specific resistance to filtration (SRF) are widely accepted measurements to test for sludge dewaterability properties. Previous investigations indicated that CST and SRF are strongly inter-related for most relevant variables. Only few investigations have shown no correlation between CST and SRF. This study aims to assess the goodness of CST and SRF relationship for different process variables relevant for coagulation flocculation sludge. Findings suggested that CST and SRF demonstrate different trends and are not related well for different rapid mixing velocities, materials and temperatures. The lack of overall relationship can be explained by the use of different procedures and equipment at variable boundary conditions in practice. SRF is more temperature-dependent than CST. The use of alum sulphate (alum) and ferric chloride (ferric) resulted in the lowest CST values, followed by Moringa oleifera. This result contradicted the SRF findings for which alum produced the lowest SRF values followed by M. oleifera and ferric.
Quantifying time-varying dynamics of heart rate and oxygen uptake during incremental exercise tests
Authors: Gielen Jasper , Stessens Loes , Meeusen Romain , Aerts Jean-Marie 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBiological systems have the ever-intriguing capacity to deal with disturbances and challenges from their environment. Exercise and sports are no different when it comes to studying systems (i.e. the human body) under stress. The goal of this study is to model the dynamic responses of heart rate (HR) and oxygen uptake (⩒O2) during incremental exercise tests, and identify changes in the characteristic response time and amplitude gain. Therefore, we study data of 992 maximal effort running tests from an open access dataset. First order autoregressive-exogenous (ARX) models with time-varying parameters accurately fit the data (R² > 0.98) and indicate overall faster dynamics for ⩒O2in comparison to HR. Furthermore, the models demonstrate significant slowing down of these dynamics at exhaustion and during the first moments of recovery for both physiological variables. In addition, the (steady state) gain values for HR and ⩒O2decrease from start to end of the test. Finally, small but significant linear correlations are found between the model characteristics and ⩒O2max of the test subjects. The results illustrate that using low-complexity linear model structures with time-varying parameter estimates allows for capturing important non-linear behaviour of cardiorespiratory responses during exercise from rest to exhaustion and recovery afterwards.
Inhibition mechanism and antiviral activity of an α-ketoamide based SARS-CoV-2 main protease inhibitor
Authors: Chen Xiaoxin , Huang Xiaodong , Ma Qinhai , Kuzmič Petr , Zhou Biao , Xu Jinxin , Liu Bin , Jiang Haiming , Zhang Wenjie , Yang Chunguang , Wu Shiguan , Huang Jianzhou , Li Haijun , Long Chaofeng , Zhao Xin , Xu Hongrui , Sheng Yanan , Guo Yaoting , Niu Chuanying , Xue Lu , Xu Yong , Liu Jinsong , Zhang Tianyu , Spencer James , Deng Wenbin , Chen Shu-Hui , Xiong Xiaoli , Yang Zifeng , Zhong Nanshan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 has demonstrated extraordinary ability to evade antibody immunity by antigenic drift. Small molecule drugs may provide effective therapy while being part of a solution to circumvent SARS-CoV-2 immune escape. In this study we report an α-ketoamide based peptidomimetic inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro), RAY1216. Enzyme inhibition kinetic analysis established that RAY1216 is a slow-tight inhibitor with a Ki of 8.6 nM; RAY1216 has a drug-target residence time of 104 min compared to 9 min of PF-07321332 (nirmatrelvir), the antiviral component in Paxlovid, suggesting that RAY1216 is approximately 12 times slower to dissociate from the protease:inhibitor complex compared to PF-07321332. Crystal structure of SARS-CoV-2 Mpro:RAY1216 complex demonstrates that RAY1216 is covalently attached to the catalytic Cys145 through the α-ketoamide warhead; more extensive interactions are identified between bound RAY1216 and Mpro active site compared to PF-07321332, consistent with a more stable acyl-enzyme inhibition complex for RAY1216. In cell culture and human ACE2 transgenic mouse models, RAY1216 demonstrates comparable antiviral activities towards different SARS-CoV-2 virus variants compared to PF-07321332. Improvement in pharmacokinetics has been observed for RAY1216 over PF-07321332 in various animal models, which may allow RAY1216 to be used without ritonavir. RAY1216 is currently undergoing phase III clinical trials to test real-world therapeutic efficacy against COVID-19.