bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
طريقة القواعد والترجمة
Authors: M. Pd Mursidin 
Published: June 2023

كانت الطريقات المستعملة فى تعليم اللغة العربية، فهي: الطريقة القواعد والترجمة، و الطريقة المباشرة، الطريقة القراءة، الطريقة السمعية الشفهية، الطريقة التوليفية. وطريقة القواعد والترجمة أو طريقة النحو والترجمة أو الطريقة القديمة أو الطريقة التقليدية هي الطريقة التي تتكون من طريقة النحو وطريقة الترجمة، وهي التي تبدأ بتعليم القواعد وشرحها شرحا طويلا منفصلا ومدعما بواسطة اللغة الوطنية.
والطريقة القواعد والترجمة هي من أقدم الطرق التي استخدمت في تعليم اللغات الأجنبية، تستخدم هذه الطريقة اللغة الأم للمتعلم كوسيلة رئيسية لتعليم اللغة المنشودة. وفي هذه المقالة عزم الكاتبون أن يبحثوا في طريقة القواعد والترجمة وما يتعلق بها نشأة طريقة القواعد والترجمة، النظرية التي تنتمي إليها طريقة القواعد والترجمة، أهداف طريقة القواعد والترجمة وملامحها، وظائف كل من عناصر التعليم (المعلم، والمتعلم، والمادة التعليمية) في طريقة القواعد والترجمة، مزايا طريقة القواعد والترجمة وعيوبها، تطبيق طريقة القواعد والترجمة.
roman marocain francophone et l'alternance codique
Authors: Amraoui Abdelaziz 
Published: June 2023

French-speaking Moroccan literature is open to linguistic influences that recall its birth but also its essence. If it is true that French gives her her linguistic argan, the fact remains that she is also turned towards her origins which provide her with food for thought. In this sense, Arabic, classical or dialectal, Berber, borrowings from languages in contact with local dialects make this writing a tower of Babel, high in languages. There are many ways of inserting his influences. Our text will try to study them by bringing out the different interconnections between French and the other languages in contact, mainly the Moroccan dialect and the lexicalized French borrowings.
La littérature marocaine francophone est ouverte sur des influences linguistiques qui rappellent sa naissance mais également son essence. S’il est vrai que le français lui donne son argane linguistique, il n’en demeure pas qu’elle est également tournée vers ses origines qui lui procurent matière à penser. Dans ce sens l’arabe, classique ou dialectal, le berbère, les emprunts issus des langues en contacts avec les parlers locaux font de cette écriture une tour de Babel, haut en langues. Les modalités d’insertion de ses influences sont nombreuses. Notre texte essayera de les étudier en dégageant les différentes interconnexions entre le français et les autres langues en contact, principalement le dialecte marocain et les emprunts français lexicalisés.
“Cette etrangere que je suis” : immigration, plurilinguisme et contestation (Copi, Nella Nobili)
Authors: Rigeade Anne-Laure 
Published: June 2023

The Argentinian Copi and the Italian Nella Nobili both immigrated to France and to French. But if a large part of their work was written in this foreign language, the mother tongue and their other languages, far from disappearing, fuel these writers’ creativity, in a hidden but also in a visible way. The genetic material shows this copresence of languages and this paper is largely based on genetic criticism. This literary plurilingualism is one of the reasons why these works remained in the margins of French literature, phenomenon that was accentuated by the fact that Copi and Nobili were foreigners and praised, among others, homosexuality. Marginal and minor, their works express a political and aesthetical protest.
L’Argentin Copi et l’italienne Nella Nobili ont en commun d’avoir immigré en France et en français. Mais, si une large partie de leur œuvre est écrite dans cette langue étrangère, la langue maternelle comme les autres langues, loin de disparaître, nourrissent, de façon latente ou manifeste, la créativité de ces deux écrivains. Les archives témoignent de cette coprésence des langues et cet article repose pour une large part sur la critique génétique. Ce plurilinguisme d’écriture contribue à marginaliser ces œuvres au sein de la littérature française, phénomène accentué par le fait que les étrangers Copi et Nobili célèbrent, notamment, l’homosexualité. Marginales et mineures, ces œuvres sont porteuses d’une forme de contestation politique et esthétique, dans une véritable politique de la littérature.
Les langues : carte(s) d’identité plurielle. L’écriture autobiographique de Rosie Pinhas-Delpuech, entre traumatismes historiques et enjeux linguistiques
Authors: Kouider Rabah Sarah 
Published: June 2023

Languages define the identity of human because they convey a culture and, its corollary, History. When, sometimes, the History of nations carries trauma, humans end up resembling their History, the stories told within traumatized families. Wars, exiles, migrations... make diasporas communities both open to the Other, for the sake of social integration, or completely hermetic since the fear of losing the cultural foundations in these new spaces of adoption is greater than the desire to integrate the host societies. Life stories can be receptacles for family histories because they are inscribed in collective history. Our article will treat the autobiographical text of Rosie Pinhas-Delpuech which recounts the family languages, learned by the father, by the mother or at school, resulting mainly from the individual paths of each of these parental factions, and which, through their designation in the autobiographical text, refer to events experienced in Europe during and after the Second World War, sometimes even going back to the period of the Inquisition.
Les langues définissent l'identité de l'être car elles véhiculent une culture et, son corolaire, l'Histoire. Quand, parfois, l'Histoire des nations est porteuse de traumatismes, les êtres finissent par ressembler à leur Histoire, aux histoires racontés au sein des familles traumatisées. Les guerres, les exils, les migrations... font des diasporas des communautés à la fois ouvertes à l'Autre, dans un souci d'intégration sociale, ou complètement hermétiques puisque la peur de perdre les fondements culturels dans ces nouveaux espaces d'adoption est plus grande que la volonté de se fondre dans les sociétés d'accueil. Les récits de vie peuvent être des réceptacles aux histoires familiales parce qu'elles sont inscrites dans l'Histoire collective. Notre article traitera de l'œuvre autobiographique de Rosie Pinhas-Delpuech qui raconte les langues familiales, apprises par le père, par la mère ou à l'école, issues principalement des parcours individuels de chacun de ces factions parentales, et qui, à travers leur désignation dans le récit autobiographique, renvoient à des événements vécus en Europe pendant et après la Deuxième Guerre Mondiale, remontant parfois même à la période de l'Inquisition.
Teatro y poesía en los inicios del siglo XXI
Authors: Teruel Martínez Susana María 
Published: June 2023

Review of Santiago Nogales, Rocío y De la Torre-Espinosa, Mario (eds.) (2022). Teatro y poesía en los inicios del siglo XXI. En reconocimiento a la labor del profesor José Romera Castillo. Editorial Verbum,Madrid.
Reseña de Santiago Nogales, Rocío y De la Torre-Espinosa, Mario (eds.) (2022). Teatro y poesía en los inicios del siglo XXI. En reconocimiento a la labor del profesor José Romera Castillo. Editorial Verbum,Madrid.
Un estudio pionero e innovador en las letras españolas del profesor Baquero Goyanes: "La novela española de la segunda mitad del siglo XIX" perteneciente al volumen colectivo Historia general de las letras hispánicas
Authors: Rubio Cremades Enrique 
Published: June 2023

The present study has a clear purpose: toanalyze the academic research of ProfessorBaquero Goyanes on the Spanish novel inthe second half of the 19th century, whichconstituted a substantial chapter withinvolume V of the General History of HispanicLiteratures (1958), Editorial Barna, andreissued in 1969 in Barcelona’s Editorial Vergara. This prestigious History brought together the most prominent researchers of the moment for the creation of its contents. Professor Baquero rigorously analyzed the realist-naturalist novel, with an exemplary scientism approach, a model for researchers and university professors.
El presente estudio tiene una finalidad clara: analizar las investigaciones académicas del profesor Baquero Goyanes sobre la novela española en la segunda mitad del siglo XIX, insertas en un enjundioso capítulo perteneciente al volumen V de la Historia General de las Literaturas Hispánicas (1958), Editorial Barna, y reeditado en 1969 en la barcelonesa Editorial Vergara. Prestigiosa Historia que reúne el elenco investigador más prestigioso del momento para la elaboración de sus contenidos. El profesor Baquero analiza la novela realista-naturalista con rigor, con un cientificismo ejemplar, modélico para los investigadores y profesores universitarios.
How does Digital Trust Make Up for the Digital Divide in Elderly Care Services
Authors: Cai Ping , Yen Tsaifa (TF) 
Published: June 2023

Under the double impact of aging and the digital divide, China is facing a severe pension problem. Promoting smart pension services can help solve this problem. This paper mainly discusses how to promote the use intention of intelligent elderly care service through digital trust. In this study, 403 valid questionnaires were obtained through questionnaire survey. The results showed that respondents' perceived ease of use of digital tools and applications significantly affected their digital trust and willingness to use them. However, considering digital trust, digital risk has no significant effect on willingness to use. This study suggests that strengthening the digital knowledge and skills of the elderly and strengthening their trust in smart elderly care services can help improve their willingness to use, and resolve the dual impact of aging and the digital divide.
The Development and Deployment of an Online Exam System: A Web Application
Authors: Islam Md. Monarul , Nabil Saifuddin Khaled , Murad Saydul Akbar , Muzahid Abu Jafar Md , Raha Avi Deb , Halder Monishanker , Gain Mrityunjoy , Hossain Md. Bipul , Uddin K. M. Aslam , Adhikary Apurba 
Published: June 2023

The rapid advancements in computer technology and the internet’s acceptance in every aspect of our lives, particularly in recent years, have made students and instructors vital in the teaching and learning sector. Web-based studies have also brought about advances in the education area, and numerous applications have become widespread in this field. In this paper, we suggested an online test multiple-choice question assessment system for students called the Online Exam System (OES). This system may be used by any university, college, or institution that has a computerized education system. The OES can be used by teachers to administer quizzes. The system will calculate the participant’s performance based on his response, and the following question will be created based on the participant’s performance. After the examination, the system will display the results and offer feedback based on the participant’s request. Administrative control over the entire system is available. A teacher has authority over the question bank and is responsible for creating test schedules. Therefore, the project will be very helpful for the beginner and mid-level programming learners. And also, will give a proper guideline to the students who are willing to learn programming and introduce the users with competitive programming and problem-solving skills.
Germline Genetic Testing After Cancer Diagnosis
Authors: Kurian Allison W. , Abrahamse Paul , Furgal Allison , Ward Kevin C. , Hamilton Ann S. , Hodan Rachel , Tocco Rachel , Liu Lihua , Berek Jonathan S. , Hoang Lily , Yussuf Amal , Susswein Lisa , Esplin Edward D. , Slavin Thomas P. , Gomez Scarlett L. , Hofer Timothy P. , Katz Steven J. 
Published: June 2023

ImportanceGermline genetic testing is recommended by practice guidelines for patients diagnosed with cancer to enable genetically targeted treatment and identify relatives who may benefit from personalized cancer screening and prevention.ObjectiveTo describe the prevalence of germline genetic testing among patients diagnosed with cancer in California and Georgia between 2013 and 2019.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsObservational study including patients aged 20 years or older who had been diagnosed with any type of cancer between January 1, 2013, and March 31, 2019, that was reported to statewide Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results registries in California and Georgia. These patients were linked to genetic testing results from 4 laboratories that performed most germline testing for California and Georgia.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was germline genetic testing within 2 years of a cancer diagnosis. Testing trends were analyzed with logistic regression modeling. The results of sequencing each gene, including variants associated with increased cancer risk (pathogenic results) and variants whose cancer risk association was unknown (uncertain results), were evaluated. The genes were categorized according to their primary cancer association, including breast or ovarian, gastrointestinal, and other, and whether practice guidelines recommended germline testing.ResultsAmong 1 369 602 patients diagnosed with cancer between 2013 and 2019 in California and Georgia, 93 052 (6.8%) underwent germline testing through March 31, 2021. The proportion of patients tested varied by cancer type: male breast (50%), ovarian (38.6%), female breast (26%), multiple (7.5%), endometrial (6.4%), pancreatic (5.6%), colorectal (5.6%), prostate (1.1%), and lung (0.3%). In a logistic regression model, compared with the 31% (95% CI, 30%-31%) of non-Hispanic White patients with male breast cancer, female breast cancer, or ovarian cancer who underwent testing, patients of other races and ethnicities underwent testing less often: 22% (95% CI, 21%-22%) of Asian patients, 25% (95% CI, 24%-25%) of Black patients, and 23% (95% CI, 23%-23%) of Hispanic patients (P &amp;lt; .001 using the χ2 test). Of all pathogenic results, 67.5% to 94.9% of variants were identified in genes for which practice guidelines recommend testing and 68.3% to 83.8% of variants were identified in genes associated with the diagnosed cancer type.Conclusions and RelevanceAmong patients diagnosed with cancer in California and Georgia between 2013 and 2019, only 6.8% underwent germline genetic testing. Compared with non-Hispanic White patients, rates of testing were lower among Asian, Black, and Hispanic patients.
Association of Extubation Failure Rates With High-Flow Nasal Cannula, Continuous Positive Airway Pressure, and Bilevel Positive Airway Pressure vs Conventional Oxygen Therapy in Infants and Young Children
Authors: Iyer Narayan Prabhu , Rotta Alexandre T. , Essouri Sandrine , Fioretto Jose Roberto , Craven Hannah J. , Whipple Elizabeth C. , Ramnarayan Padmanabhan , Abu-Sultaneh Samer , Khemani Robinder G. 
Published: June 2023

ImportanceExtubation failure (EF) has been associated with worse outcomes in critically ill children. The relative efficacy of different modes of noninvasive respiratory support (NRS) to prevent EF is unknown.ObjectiveTo study the reported relative efficacy of different modes of NRS (high-flow nasal cannula [HFNC], continuous positive airway pressure [CPAP], and bilevel positive airway pressure [BiPAP]) compared to conventional oxygen therapy (COT).Data SourcesMEDLINE, Embase, and CINAHL Complete through May 2022.Study SelectionRandomized clinical trials that enrolled critically ill children receiving invasive mechanical ventilation for more than 24 hours and compared the efficacy of different modes of postextubation NRS.Data Extraction and SynthesisRandom-effects models were fit using a bayesian network meta-analysis framework. Between-group comparisons were estimated using odds ratios (ORs) or mean differences with 95% credible intervals (CrIs). Treatment rankings were assessed by rank probabilities and the surface under the cumulative rank curve (SUCRA).Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was EF (reintubation within 48 to 72 hours). Secondary outcomes were treatment failure (TF, reintubation plus NRS escalation or crossover to another NRS mode), pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) mortality, PICU and hospital length of stay, abdominal distension, and nasal injury.ResultsA total of 11 615 citations were screened, and 9 randomized clinical trials with a total of 1421 participants were included. Both CPAP and HFNC were found to be more effective than COT in reducing EF and TF (CPAP: OR for EF, 0.43; 95% CrI, 0.17-1.0 and OR for TF 0.27, 95% CrI 0.11-0.57 and HFNC: OR for EF, 0.64; 95% CrI, 0.24-1.0 and OR for TF, 0.34; 95% CrI, 0.16- 0.65). CPAP had the highest likelihood of being the best intervention for both EF (SUCRA, 0.83) and TF (SUCRA, 0.91). Although not statistically significant, BiPAP was likely to be better than COT for preventing both EF and TF. Compared to COT, CPAP and BiPAP were reported as showing a modest increase (approximately 3%) in nasal injury and abdominal distension.Conclusions and RelevanceThe studies included in this systematic review and network meta-analysis found that compared with COT, EF and TF rates were lower with modest increases in abdominal distension and nasal injury. Of the modes evaluated, CPAP was associated with the lowest rates of EF and TF.
Which Measure-Valued Solutions of the Monoatomic Gas Equations are Generated by Weak Solutions?
Authors: Gallenmüller Dennis , Wiedemann Emil 
Published: June 2023

AbstractContrary to the incompressible case, not every measure-valued solution of the compressible Euler equations can be generated by weak solutions or a vanishing viscosity sequence. In the present paper we give sufficient conditions on an admissible measure-valued solution of the isentropic Euler system to be generated by weak solutions. As one of the crucial steps we prove a characterization result for generating$${\mathcal {A}}$$A-free Young measures in terms of potential operators including uniform$$L^{\infty }$$L∞-bounds. More concrete versions of our results are presented in the case of a solution consisting of two Dirac measures. We conclude by discussing that are also necessary conditions for generating a measure-valued solution by weak solutions or a vanishing viscosity sequence and will point out that the resulting gap mainly results from obtaining only uniform$$L^p$$Lp-bounds for$$1<p<\infty $$1<p<∞instead of$$p=\infty $$p=∞.
Digital health information on surgical treatment options for overactive bladder is underrepresented
Authors: Hüsch Tanja , Ober Sita , Haferkamp Axel , Schneidewind Laila , Saar Matthias , Kranz Jennifer 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Digital health information gains growing importance in the medical landscape. Despite its opportunities, there is a risk of patient misinformation which may adversely influence the patient–physician relationship. This investigation aimed to identify and compare differences in the content and quality of online health information on overactive bladder (OAB) between different digital platforms.

Methods
The platforms Google search, Facebook, Instagram, LinkedIn, and YouTube were searched for the keyword OAB. The search result links were classified as useful or misleading, advertisement and personal experience. Information regarding the organization of the source and available content on treatment modalities was collected. Descriptive analysis was applied. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to evaluate heterogeneity regarding the distribution of information depending on the source. A p value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results
The source with the highest quantity of useful content was YouTube (100%) and Google (100%), whereas LinkedIn included mostly misleading content (73%). YouTube and Google provided the greatest variety of health information and were dominated by professional associations. Surgical procedures for treating OAB were only described in 32% and 48% of Google and YouTube results, respectively. On Google, sacral neuromodulation and OnabotulinumtoxinA were described in 26% and bladder augmentation in only 16% of the search results. In contrast, alternative medicine was present in 76%.

Conclusions
A large gap in the information on surgical treatments of OAB could be identified independently from the utilized source. In contrast, conservative treatments and alternative medicine dominate the current informational sources.
Multimodal treatment and immune checkpoint inhibition in sinonasal mucosal melanoma: real-world data of a retrospective, single-center study
Authors: Scherzad Agmal , Stöth Manuel , Meyer Till J. , Haug Lukas , Gehrke Thomas , Schilling Bastian , Meierjohann Svenja , Scheich Matthias , Hagen Rudolf , Gesierich Anja , Hackenberg Stephan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPurposeLocal failure and distant metastases occur frequently in sinonasal mucosal melanoma (SNMM). Response rates to chemotherapy are low and targetable mutations are rarely detected. However, there is increasing data indicating efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI). The aim of this retrospective monocenter study was to assess the mutational landscape and to evaluate the outcome of surgical treatment and ICI in SNMM in a real-world setting.MethodsThirty-eight SNMM patients being treated between 1999 and 2020 at our institution were retrospectively reviewed. Survival curves were generated according to Kaplan–Meier and compared by the log-rank test.ResultsLocal failure was seen in 60% of patients treated in a curative intent. Overall, 24% of all patients suffered from regional and 66% from distant metastases. Next generation sequencing revealed mutations of BRAF, NRAS and KRAS. One out of three patients treated with a primary ICI showed a complete response (CR) and two showed progressive disease. Eleven patients received ICI as a palliative treatment. CR could be observed in three patients and stable disease in one patient. In the whole study population, the 5-year overall survival rate (OS) was 26%. OS was better for patients who received ICI during the course of disease.ConclusionsRecurrences and distant metastases are frequent in SNMM. Durable CR could be observed after primary and palliative ICI. Therefore, ICI in a palliative, adjuvant or even neoadjuvant setting might play a promising role in SNMM therapy while targetable mutations are rarely detected.