bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlates of physical activity habits in adolescents: A systematic review
Authors: Shao Tianyi , Zhou Xiaogang 
Published: April 2023

Physical activity habits are crucial for the physical and mental wellbeing of adolescents (individuals aged 10–19 years). However, few studies over the last two decades have systematically aggregated the influential factors of physical activity habits for adolescents. Five online databases (EBSCOhost (Eric), Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science) were searched for relevant studies published before 14 August 2022. Our systematic review indicated the following: 1) boys performed more physical activity habits than girls, whereas girls preferred to engage in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity; 2) physical activity in adolescents decreased with age; 3) African American adolescents performed significantly more habitual physical activities than white adolescents; 4) adolescents with higher literacy had better physical activity habits; 5) support from parents, teachers, friends, and others helped adolescents in developing physical activity habits; 6) adolescents who spent less time participating in habitual physical activity had a higher body mass index; 7) adolescents who reported higher levels of self-efficacy and satisfaction with school sports tended to have stronger physical activity habits; 8) sedentary behavior, smoking, drinking, prolonged screen time, negative emotions, and excessive use of media technology were correlated with reduced habitual physical activity in adolescents. These findings could help develop interventions to motivate adolescents and promote physical activity habits among them.
Labeled breath tests in patients with NASH: Octanoate oxidation relates best to measures of glucose metabolism
Authors: Mucinski Justine M. , Perry Alisha M. , Fordham Talyia M. , Diaz-Arias Alberto , Ibdah Jamal A. , Rector R. Scott , Parks Elizabeth J. 
Published: April 2023

In vivo methods to estimate human liver mitochondrial activity are lacking and this project’s goal was to use a non-invasive breath test to quantify complete mitochondrial fat oxidation and determine how test results changed when liver disease state was altered over time. Patients with suspected non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD; 9 men, 16 women, 47 ± 10 years, 113 ± 23 kg) underwent a diagnostic liver biopsy and liver tissue was histologically scored by a pathologist using the NAFLD activity score (0–8). To assess liver oxidation activity, a labeled medium chain fatty acid was consumed orally (23.4 mg 13C4-octanoate) and breath samples collected over 135 min. Total CO2 production rates were measured using breath 13CO2 analysis by isotope ratio mass spectrometry. Fasting endogenous glucose production (EGP) was measured using an IV infusion of 13C6-glucose. At baseline, subjects oxidized 23.4 ± 3.9% (14.9%–31.5%) of the octanoate dose and octanoate oxidation (OctOx) was negatively correlated with fasting plasma glucose (r = −0.474, p = 0.017) and EGP (r = −0.441, p = 0.028). Twenty-two subjects returned for repeat tests 10.2 ± 1.0 months later, following lifestyle treatment or standardized care. OctOx (% dose/kg) was significantly greater across all subjects (p = 0.044), negatively related to reductions in EGP (r = −0.401, p = 0.064), and tended to correlate with reduced fasting glucose (r = −0.371, p = 0.090). Subjects exhibited reductions in steatosis (p = 0.007) which tended to correlate with increased OctOx (% of dose/kg, r = −0.411, p = 0.058). Based on our findings, the use of an 13C-octanoate breath test may be an indicator of hepatic steatosis and glucose metabolism, but these relationships require verification through larger studies in NAFLD populations.
Antivax attitude in the general population along the autism-schizophrenia continuum and the impact of socio-demographic factors
Authors: Tarasi Luca , Borgomaneri Sara , Romei Vincenzo 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionOne of the most important inventions in human history is vaccines. However, to date a consistent amount of people exhibit a hesitant approach toward them and mixed results have emerged in the attempt to characterize which factors may play a role in predicting such negative attitude. Here, we aimed at investigating how the individual scoring along the autism-schizophrenic continuum component and socio-cultural factors contribute toward vaccination attitudes in the general population.MethodsTo test whether individual position along the autism-schizophrenic continuum could predict vaccine attitude, we used principal component analysis (PCA) to extract the component showing diametric loading between the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ) and Autistic Quotient (AQ) subscales. Then, we performed a series of multiple linear regression analyses to understand the relation between the ASD-SSD continuum component and Vax scores. We also included socio-demographic factors (i.e., gender, education level, and age) as predictors.ResultsMultiple regression analysis revealed that the closer the individual lied on the positive schizotypal pole, the higher was their negative attitude toward vaccines. A diametric, more favorable disposition was found for individuals closer to the autistic end of the continuum. Furthermore, we reported that among the socio-cultural factors, only age can be considered a significant predictor of vaccination attitudes, with younger participants showing a more positive attitudes toward vaccination, while the level of education is an important protective factor in mitigating the negative impact that the proximity to the SSD pole and age play against vaccination disposition.DiscussionThese findings are relevant to improve targeted public health interventions, highlighting the crucial role of demographic, psychological, and social correlates in predicting anti-vax beliefs, which have the devasting potential to increase the spread of infectious disease.
Social movements and collective behavior: an integration of meta-analysis and systematic review of social psychology studies
Authors: da Costa Silvia , Páez Dario , Martí-González Mariacarla , Díaz Virginia , Bouchat Pierre 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundThe impact of social movements (SMs) and collective behavior (CB) supports the relevance of approaching this phenomenon from social psychology. Several systematic reviews (10) and meta-analyses (6) have been carried out in the 21st century, but there is a lack of integration.AimThis study seeks to review the patterns of CB and corroborate the psychosocial factors that explain participation in CB and SMs, as well as the long-term psychological effects of participating in them.MethodA systematic search was carried out in the databases Web of Science, Scopus, ProQuest, ScienceDirect, Willey Online Library, EBSCO, and JSTOR for articles dated between 1969 and 2022. We searched for meta-analyses and systematic reviews that empirically evaluated social movements and collective behavior. Of the 494 initial records, after scanning and eligibility phases, 16 meta-analyses and systematic reviews were analyzed in the present work.ResultsThe evidence reviewed shows that participation in collective gatherings and CB are common. A cross-cultural survey suggests that collective gatherings are mostly of a leisure type, to a lesser extent religious and sporting, and to an even lesser extent, demonstrations and large religious rites. World Value surveys found that one to three persons out of 10 participate in protests or CB related to SMs and four out of 10 movements achieved some kind of success. Studies challenged that CBs were characterized by unanimity of beliefs, identification and behavior, generalized excitement, as well as mass panic and riot after catastrophes. Only two out of 10 CB are violent. Meta-analysis and systematic reviews confirm that participation in CB and SMs was associated with (a) intergroup conflict and realistic threat (r= 0.30); (b) positive attitudes, expectations, or agreement with goals or collective motive (r= 0.44); (c) cognitive fraternal relative deprivation (r= 0.25); (d) collective efficacy (r= 0.36); (e) collective identity (r= 0.34); (f) emotions and affective relative deprivation (r= 0.35); (g) moral conviction and threat to moral (r= 0.29); and (h) disagreement with system justification belief (r= −0.26). Participation in successful CB and SMs provokes positive changes in emotions, social identity and social relationships, values and beliefs, and empowerment, as well as negative effects such as depression, stress, burnout, and disempowerment related to the failures of SMs.ConclusionStudies confirm the importance of explanatory factors for SMs, with data from various cultural regions. There is a lack of systematic studies of CB as well as meta-analyses and more culturally diverse studies of the effects of participation in them.
Effects of recurrent summer droughts on arbuscular mycorrhizal and total fungal communities in experimental grasslands differing in plant diversity and community composition
Authors: Albracht Cynthia , Eisenhauer Nico , Vogel Anja , Wagg Cameron , Buscot François , Heintz-Buschart Anna 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionBiodiversity loss and climate change have been determined as major global drivers affecting ecosystems and their functioning. In this context, drought was shown to have negative effects on ecosystems by disrupting ecological processes, which could be buffered in more biodiverse systems. Many studies, however, focus on effects on aboveground communities of single drought events, while dynamics of soil-borne communities are still widely unclear, despite their important roles in ecosystem functioning.MethodsTo elucidate the effect of recurrent summer drought periods on fungal communities in a long-term grassland biodiversity experiment, roof shelters were installed on grassland plots ranging in plant species richness from 1 to 16 species and plant functional group richness (1-4 groups) and composition. After 9 years of summer droughts, bulk soil was sampled and used for Illumina sequencing of the ITS2 and SSU genes to characterize the total fungal and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) communities, respectively.ResultsWe found shifts of AMF and total fungi community structures caused by recurrent drought and plant species richness, but no buffering of drought effects by plant diversity. Alpha-diversity (VT or ASV richness) of both AMF and total fungi increased with plant species richness but was not significantly affected by drought. Even though drought overall had minimal long-lasting effects, we found Diversispora and Paraglomus among the AMF and Penicillium among total fungal communities to be more abundant after the drought treatment. AMF communities were affected by the presence of individual plant functional groups, reacting stronger to presence of legumes under drought, while total fungal interaction with plant communities were similar under drought as control. AMF α-diversity differed between plant functional groups in control conditions but was independent of plant community composition under drought. In contrast, total fungi α-diversity was increased by presence of herbs and legumes only under drought.DiscussionFrom our results, we conclude that recurring moderate summer droughts do not strongly affect soil fungal communities. All shifts can be explained by indirect effects through the plant community and its top-down effect on soils altered by drought. Further, AMF are not less affected than total fungal communities, but rather respond differently by interacting more strongly with legumes in response to drought. Consequently, not plant species richness, but plant functional composition, dominates in shaping fungal communities under recurrent droughts.
Association of hospital volume and long-term survival after esophagectomy: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Qing , Mine Shinji , Nasu Motomi , Fukunaga Tetsu , Nojiri Shuko , Zhang Chun-Dong 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundIt remains controversial whether esophageal cancer patients may benefit from esophagectomy in specialized high-volume hospitals. Here, the effect of hospital volume on overall survival (OS) of esophageal cancer patients post esophagectomy was assessed.MethodsPubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were systematically searched for relevant published articles between January 1990 and May 2022. The primary outcome was OS after esophagectomy in high- vs. low-volume hospitals. Random effect models were applied for all meta-analyses. Subgroup analysis were performed based on volume grouping, sample size, study country, year of publication, follow-up or study quality. Sensitivity analyses were conducted using the leave-one-out method. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to assess the study quality. This study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis guidance, and was registered (identifier: INPLASY202270023).ResultsA total of twenty-four studies with 113,014 patients were finally included in the meta-analysis. A significant improvement in OS after esophagectomy was observed in high-volume hospitals as compared to that in their low-volume counterparts (HR: 0.77; 95% CI: 0.71–0.84, P &lt; 0.01). Next, we conducted subgroup analysis based on volume grouping category, consistent results were found that high-volume hospitals significantly improved OS after esophagectomy than their low-volume counterparts. Subgroup analysis and sensitivity analyses further confirmed that all the results were robust.ConclusionsEsophageal cancer should be centralized in high-volume hospitals.
Host-Specific Diversity of Culturable Bacteria in the Gut Systems of Fungus-Growing Termites and Their Potential Functions towards Lignocellulose Bioconversion
Authors: Xie Rongrong , Dong Chenchen , Wang Shengjie , Danso Blessing , Dar Mudasir A. , Pandit Radhakrishna S. , Pawar Kiran D. , Geng Alei , Zhu Daochen , Li Xia , Xu Qing , Sun Jianzhong 
Published: April 2023

Fungus-growing termites are eusocial insects that represent one of the most efficient and unique systems for lignocellulose bioconversion, evolved from a sophisticated symbiosis with lignocellulolytic fungi and gut bacterial communities. Despite a plethora of information generated during the last century, some essential information on gut bacterial profiles and their unique contributions to wood digestion in some fungus-growing termites is still inadequate. Hence, using the culture-dependent approach, the present study aims to assess and compare the diversity of lignocellulose-degrading bacterial symbionts within the gut systems of three fungus-growing termites: Ancistrotermes pakistanicus, Odontotermes longignathus, and Macrotermes sp. A total of 32 bacterial species, belonging to 18 genera and 10 different families, were successfully isolated and identified from three fungus-growing termites using Avicel or xylan as the sole source of carbon. Enterobacteriaceae was the most dominant family represented by 68.1% of the total bacteria, followed by Yersiniaceae (10.6%) and Moraxellaceae (9%). Interestingly, five bacterial genera such as Enterobacter, Citrobacter, Acinetobacter, Trabulsiella, and Kluyvera were common among the tested termites, while the other bacteria demonstrated a termite-specific distribution. Further, the lignocellulolytic potential of selected bacterial strains was tested on agricultural waste to evaluate their capability for lignocellulose bioconversion. The highest substrate degradation was achieved with E. chengduensis MA11 which degraded 45.52% of rice straw. All of the potential strains showed endoglucanase, exoglucanase, and xylanase activities depicting a symbiotic role towards the lignocellulose digestion within the termite gut. The above results indicated that fungus-growing termites harbor a diverse array of bacterial symbionts that differ from species to species, which may play an inevitable role to enhance the degradation efficacy in lignocellulose decomposition. The present study further elaborates our knowledge about the termite-bacteria symbiosis for lignocellulose bioconversion which could be helpful to design a future biorefinery.
INFORMATION COMPETENCE OF FUTURE SPECIALISTS IN THE FIELD OF TECHNOLOGICAL EDUCATION
Authors: Vakulenko N. 
Published: April 2023

The article reveals the essence of the concepts related to the information competence of future specialists in the field of technological education. It is noted that at the present stage of society’s development, there are significant and crucial changes in the world’s educational environment. They are associated with the comprehensive process of globalization, i.e., a person should be able to navigate and critically evaluate information, especially in conditions of its wide availability and excess, distinguish between facts and opinions, and determine their essence and reliability, which requires special training to live and work in the information society, so as not to get lost in it. It practically requires special training to live and work in the information society; so as not to get lost. This issue is reflected in the emergence of the category «information culture,» which is considered and perceived as part of universal culture. It is due to the realities of the modern information society, which includes the content and values of human activity in the world of information surplus. An integral part of it is information competence is a set of understandable ways to interact with information.
Accordingly, the authors have described the main components of the specialist’s information competence in the context of the current stage of informatization of education and the importance of its formation in the future specialist in any subject area, including technological education. It is generalized that information competence is considered an integral quality of personality, which characterizes the ability to solve problems and typical problems that arise in real-life situations, using modern information and communication technologies to achieve professionally significant goals. It is also an integrative quality of personality, which is the result of reflecting the processes of selection, assimilation, processing, transformation, and generation of information into a specific type of subject-specific knowledge that allows you to develop, adapt, predict and implement optimal solutions in various fields.
AXIOLOGICAL BASES OF INNOVATIVE CULTURE FORMATION OF THE FUTURE TEACHER OF THE VOCATIONAL EDUCATION INSTITUTION
Authors: Shovkova A. 
Published: April 2023

The methodological bases of professional training of pedagogical staff for vocational education institutions are considered in the article. The research is aimed at outlining methodological approaches to improving future teacher professional training, in particular, substantiating the axiological bases for teachers’ innovative culture formation, and providing training for light industry workers. Values and value orientations as a necessary component of the innovative culture of teachers of vocational education institutions are highlighted.
The essence of the basic concepts and conceptual provisions of students’ innovative culture formation based on axiology is revealed. Innovative culture includes values, principles of humanization, tolerant communication, and aesthetic and cultural values, which are realized in the interaction between the participants of the educational process. Innovations in the field of education are the most effective newly created or improved educational, didactic, educational, and administrative systems that contribute to the formation of a creative and active personality capable of adaptation to constant change. Involvement of the future teacher in innovative activities promotes teachers’ innovative culture formation.
The axiological principles of innovative culture formation in the process of professional training of future teachers of vocational education institutions in the field of light industry are determined. They are based on the transformation of universal values into students’ value orientations; future teachers’ professional self-improvement as bearers of society’s cultural values; formation of future teachers’ professional experience, development of value orientations in pedagogical activity; development of a system of values and value orientations as a direction and result of future teacher professional training.
PECULIARITIES OF THE PRACTICAL COMPONENT OF PROFESSIONAL FUTURE SPECIALIST TRAINING IN MODERN CONDITIONS OF UNIVERSITY EDUCATION
Authors: Onipko V. , Vinnichuk R. 
Published: April 2023

The article reveals the features of the practical component of future specialist training in modern university education and actualizes the issue of practical future specialist training, which combines the principles of both knowledge and practice-oriented paradigm. Their combination allows to preserve the fundamentals of higher education based on the accumulation of practical experience and to form a professionally mobile specialist.
Students’ practice is described as an integral part of the process of training specialists in universities, which is carried out on appropriately equipped bases of educational institutions, as well as in modern enterprises and organizations of various sectors of the economy, education, health, culture, service, public administration. The purpose of practice is to master modern methods, forms of organization, and tools in the field of students’ future profession, to acquire professional skills and algorithms of independent decision-making during specific work in real market and production conditions on the basis of their knowledge, and bring up the need to systematically update knowledge and apply it in practice creatively.
Emphasis is placed on the need to make changes to the system of existing practices at the organizational, content, and methodological levels, which allow, on the one hand, to preserve fundamental, traditional, scientifically proven approaches to the organization of practical training, and on the other hand to improve and update modern approaches to professional-mobile specialist training. It has been found that the modernization of industrial practice is associated with the widespread use of innovative technologies (contextual and dual learning) in combination with well-established traditional forms and methods of learning. The content of the practical component of vocational training is focused on fulfilling a set of needs aimed at solving the problems of professional mobility. It is also focused on mastering the necessary competencies when future professionals by means of the transition from one basic form of activity to another, gain more advanced practical skills of educational and scientific information according to the functions of educational, quasi-professional, and educational-professional activities, master the real professional experience by gaining opportunities for natural entry into the profession.