bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A double-suture cerclage reduction technique with Nice knots for comminuted patella fractures (AO/OTA 34-C3)
Authors: Gao Yanchun , Han Xiaojun , Zhou Bin , Zhao Shichang , Yu Xingang 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Comminuted patella fractures place high demands on surgeons’ surgical skills. We used a double-suture cerclage reduction with Nice knots as an intra-operative reduction technique to displaced comminuted patella fractures.

Methods
Patients were divided into two groups by whether or not an intra-operative suture cerclage reduction technique was used. Fragments count, surgical time, quality of the reduction, and fracture healing time were recorded. The postoperative function was assessed by Böstman score and range of motion.

Results
With the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 48 patients we included in the cohort between Sept. 2016 and Oct. 2021. The double-suture cerclage reduction technique with a Nice knot achieved a satisfactory reduction. When the number of fragments was over 5, this technique showed significant advantages in saving surgery time.

Conclusions
In this study, the double-suture cerclage reduction technique combined with the Nice knot shows significant advantages for displaced highly comminuted patella fractures. This technique simplifies the operation and saves surgical time, which is helpful for clinical practice.
Lateral lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF) reduces total lifetime cost compared with posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) for single-level lumbar spinal fusion surgery: a cost-utility analysis in Thailand
Authors: Boonsirikamchai Win , Phisalpapra Pochamana , Kositamongkol Chayanis , Korwutthikulrangsri Ekkapoj , Ruangchainikom Monchai , Sutipornpalangkul Werasak 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Lumbar interbody fusion techniques treat degenerative lumbar diseases effectively. Minimally invasive lateral lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF) decreases soft tissue disruption and accelerates recovery better than standard open posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF). However, the material cost of LLIF is high, especially in Thailand. The cost-effectiveness of LLIF and PLIF in developing countries is unclear. This study compared the cost-utility and clinical outcomes of LLIF and PLIF in Thailand.

Methods
Data from patients with lumbar spondylosis who underwent single-level LLIF and PLIF between 2014 and 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Preoperative and 1-year follow-up EuroQol-5D-5L and healthcare costs were collected. A cost-utility analysis with a lifetime time horizon was performed using a societal perspective. Outcomes are reported as the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) and quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) gained. A Thai willingness-to-pay threshold of 5003 US dollars (USD) per QALY gained was used.

Results
The 136 enrolled patients had a mean age of 62.26 ± 11.66 years. Fifty-nine patients underwent LLIF, while 77 underwent PLIF. The PLIF group experienced greater estimated blood loss (458.96 vs 167.03 ml; P < 0.001), but the LLIF group had a longer operative time (222.80 vs 194.62 min; P = 0.007). One year postoperatively, the groups’ Oswestry Disability Index and EuroQol-Visual Analog Scale scores were improved without statistical significance. The PLIF group had a significantly better utility score than the LLIF group (0.89 vs 0.84; P = 0.023). LLIF’s total lifetime cost was less than that of PLIF (30,124 and 33,003 USD). Relative to PLIF, LLIF was not cost-effective according to the Thai willingness-to-pay threshold, with an ICER of 19,359 USD per QALY gained.

Conclusions
LLIF demonstrated lower total lifetime cost from a societal perspective. Regard to our data, at the 1-year follow-up, the improvement in patient quality of life was less with LLIF than with PLIF. Additionally, economic evaluation modeling based on the context of Thailand showed that LLIF was not cost-effective compared with PLIF. A strategy that facilitates the selection of patients for LLIF is required to optimize patient benefits.
Prevalence of long-term decision regret and associated risk factors in a large cohort of ICU surrogate decision makers
Authors: Andersen Sarah K. , Butler Rachel A. , Chang Chung-Chou H. , Arnold Robert , Angus Derek C. , White Douglas B. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Whether surrogate decision makers regret decisions about the use of life support for incapacitated, critically ill patients remain uncertain. We sought to determine the prevalence of decision regret among surrogates of adult ICU patients and identify factors that influence regret.

Methods
We conducted a secondary analysis of data from the PARTNER 2 trial, which tested a family support intervention for surrogates of critically ill adults. At 6-month follow-up, surrogates rated their regret about life support decisions using the Decision Regret Scale (DRS), scored from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating more regret. We used multiple linear regression to identify covariates associated with decision regret based on a psychological construct of regret. We constructed two models using the full cohort; model 1 included patient outcomes; model 2 focused on covariates known at the time of ICU decision-making. Subgroup analyses were also conducted based on patient survival status at hospital discharge and 6-month follow-up.

Results
748 of 848 surrogates had complete DRS data. The median (IQR) DRS score was 15 (0, 25). Overall, 54% reported mild regret (DRS 5–25), 19% moderate-strong regret (DRS 30–100), and 27% no regret (DRS 0). Poor patient outcome at 6 months (death or severe functional dependence) was associated with more regret in model 1 (β 10.1; 95% C.I. 3.2, 17.0). In model 2, palliative care consultation (3.0; 0.1, 5.9), limitations in life support (LS) prior to death (6.3; 3.1, 9.4) and surrogate black race (6.3; 0.3, 12.3) were associated with more regret. Other modulators of regret in subgroup analyses included surrogate age and education level, surrogate-patient relationship, death in hospital (compared to the post-discharge period), and code status at time of ICU admission.

Conclusions
One in five ICU surrogate decision makers experience moderate to strong regret about life support decisions in ICU. Poor patient outcomes are linked to more regret. Decisions to limit life support prior to patient death may also increase regret. Future studies are needed to understand how regret relates to decision quality and how to lessen lasting regret.
DNA methylation entropy as a measure of stem cell replication and aging
Authors: Vaidya Himani , Jeong Hye Seon , Keith Kelsey , Maegawa Shinji , Calendo Gennaro , Madzo Jozef , Jelinek Jaroslav , Issa Jean-Pierre J. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background
Epigenetic marks are encoded by DNA methylation and accumulate errors as organisms age. This drift correlates with lifespan, but the biology of how this occurs is still unexplained. We analyze DNA methylation with age in mouse intestinal stem cells and compare them to nonstem cells.

Results
Age-related changes in DNA methylation are identical in stem and nonstem cells, affect most prominently CpG islands and correlate weakly with gene expression. Age-related DNA methylation entropy, measured by the Jensen-Shannon Distribution, affects up to 25% of the detectable CpG sites and is a better measure of aging than individual CpG methylation. We analyze this entropy as a function of age in seven other tissues (heart, kidney, skeletal muscle, lung, liver, spleen, and blood) and it correlates strikingly with tissue-specific stem cell division rates. Thus, DNA methylation drift and increased entropy with age are primarily caused by and are sensors for, stem cell replication in adult tissues.

Conclusions
These data have implications for the mechanisms of tissue-specific functional declines with aging and for the development of DNA-methylation-based biological clocks.
Multidisciplinary evaluation of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria on soil microbiome and strawberry quality
Authors: Nam Jun Haeng , Thibodeau Alyssa , Qian Yanping L. , Qian Michael C. , Park Si Hong 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe natural soil environment is considered one of the most diverse habitats containing numerous bacteria, fungi, and larger organisms such as nematodes, insects, or rodents. Rhizosphere bacteria play vital roles in plant nutrition and the growth promotion of their host plant. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of three plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and Pseudomonas monteilii for their potential role as a biofertilizer. The effect of the PGPR was examined at a commercial strawberry farm in Dayton, Oregon. The PGPR were applied to the soil of the strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa cultivar Hood) plants in two different concentrations of PGPR, T1 (0.24% PGPR) and T2 (0.48% PGPR), and C (no PGPR). A total of 450 samples from August 2020 to May 2021 were collected, and microbiome sequencing based on the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene was conducted. The strawberry quality was measured by sensory evaluation, total acidity (TA), total soluble solids (TSS), color (lightness and chroma), and volatile compounds. Application of the PGPR significantly increased the populations of Bacillus and Pseudomonas and promoted the growth of nitrogen-fixing bacteria. The TSS and color evaluation showed that the PGPR presumptively behaved as a ripening enhancer. The PGPR contributed to the production of fruit-related volatile compounds, while the sensory evaluation did not show significant differences among the three groups. The major finding of this study suggests that the consortium of the three PGPR have a potential role as a biofertilizer by supporting the growth of other microorganisms (nitrogen-fixing bacteria) as part of a synergetic effect and strawberry quality such as sweetness and volatile compounds.
Low carbon futures: assessing the status of decarbonisation efforts at universities within a 2050 perspective
Authors: Filho Walter Leal , Vidal Diogo Guedes , Dinis Maria Alzira Pimenta , Lambrechts Wim , Vasconcelos Claudio R. P. , Molthan-Hill Petra , Abubakar Ismaila Rimi , Dunk Rachel M. , Salvia Amanda Lange , Sharifi Ayyoob 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
The implementation of sustainability at universities means that they can also play a key role in the transition to a low carbon economy, and in assisting global efforts towards decarbonisation. Yet, not all of them have so far fully engaged in this area. This paper reviews the state of the art on trends in decarbonisation, and outlines the need for decarbonisation efforts at universities. It also reports on a survey aimed at ascertaining the extent to which universities in a sample of 40 countries across the various geographical regions are engaged in carbon reduction efforts, identifying the challenges faced.

Results
The study has shown that the literature on the topic has been evolving over time and that increasing a given university’s energy supply from renewable energy sources has been the cornerstone of university-based climate action plans. The study also indicates that even though several universities are concerned with their carbon footprint and actively seeking ways to reduce it, there are some institutional obstacles that need to be overcome.

Conclusions
A first conclusion which can be drawn is that efforts on decarbonisation are becoming more popular, with a special focus being placed on the use of renewable energy. Also, the study has shown that, from the range of efforts being made towards decarbonisation, many universities are setting up a team with carbon management responsibilities, have Carbon Management Policy Statements, and review them. The paper points towards some measures which may be deployed, so as to allow universities to take better advantage of the many opportunities an engagement in decarbonisation initiatives offers to them.
Trends in otolaryngology publications: A 9-year bibliometric analysis of articles published in Journal of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery
Authors: Kirubalingam Keshinisuthan , Dzioba Agnieszka , Chan Yvonne , Graham M. Elise 
Published: February 2023

Background The advancement of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery (OHNS) as a specialty relies on excellence in research. The Journal of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery is an open access, peer-reviewed journal publishing on all aspects and subspecialities of OHNS. It is the official journal of the Canadian Society of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery. This study aims to analyze bibliometric trends in authorships and institutional contributions within the Journal of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery over a 9-year period. Methods All research articles published online in the journal were analyzed from 2013 to the end of 2021. The professional designation of all authors was recorded along with the article type, article category, institutional affiliations and international collaborations. Cochran–Armitage trend tests were used to assess the change in proportion over time between years and groups. Results Of the 603 articles, 20 were excluded as they represented correspondence or corrections, or author identity could not be determined. 583 articles with 3409 total authors were included. Number of first authors with a Doctor of Medicine (MD) degree decreased from 90.2 to 85.3% ( P = 0.165). Sub-group analysis of non-MD first authors demonstrated a significant increase in medical students as first authors from 1.6 to 11.8% ( P = 0.008). Senior author degree demonstrated a significant increase in MD degree from 96.7 to 98.5% ( P = 0.002). Analysis of article categories demonstrated a significant decrease in education and head and neck surgery related articles from 8.2 to 2.9% ( P = 0.032) and 44.3 to 29.4% ( P = 0.028) respectively. Pediatric otolaryngology articles increased significantly from 0 to 5.9% ( P < 0.0001). Systematic and scoping reviews significantly increased, from 3.3 to 10.3% ( P = 0.015) and original research significantly decreased from 83.6 to 82.4% ( P < 0.0001). There was a significant decrease in Canadian/international collaborations from 14.3 to 4.7% ( P = 0.037). There was a significant increase in international first and senior authors, from 23.0 to 36.8% ( P = 0.008) and 19.7 to 38.2% ( P = 0.002) respectively. Conclusion The landscape of the journal is evolving with increased representation of non-MDs and international authors along with content that reflects higher level of scientific evidence. Future studies should characterize trends in other Otolaryngology journals to understand the research trajectory within the field. Graphical Abstract
Reimagining how to understand learning game experiences: a qualitative and exploratory case study
Authors: Almås Håvard , Pinkow Felix , Giæver Fay 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWhile the use of games for learning in higher education is well established, existing research provides limited understanding of individual experiences that shape engagement and learning in collaborative learning games. Insights into players’ individual experiences can, however, contribute to a more nuanced utilization of learning games and to better understand differences in individual learning outcomes. Therefore, this study seeks to explore how learning is experienced by players in a collaborative learning game. To achieve this, the study investigates the incentive and interaction dimensions of learning and the role of engagement and motivation for learning in an online collaborative board game using an exploratory qualitative case study approach. The study draws on diverse data comprising several sources, including in-depth interviews, observation of participants during a learning game, written free-form feedback, and a survey regarding the play experience. Results accentuate the role of individual and contextual differences, especially pertaining to prior knowledge and applying knowledge in realistic settings, perception of novelty related to game learning, and support from instructors and group members. Findings are further contextualized by positioning them into theoretical foundations related to transactive memory systems and collaborative engagement. Suggestions are made for collaborative learning game practitioners to strive for intragroup acquaintance and establishing purpose and use before play, and for instructors to be trained to dynamically adapt the type and amount of support provided based on player needs.
Artificial intelligence and machine learning for hemorrhagic trauma care
Authors: Peng Henry T. , Siddiqui M. Musaab , Rhind Shawn G. , Zhang Jing , da Luz Luis Teodoro , Beckett Andrew 
Published: February 2023

AbstractArtificial intelligence (AI), a branch of machine learning (ML) has been increasingly employed in the research of trauma in various aspects. Hemorrhage is the most common cause of trauma-related death. To better elucidate the current role of AI and contribute to future development of ML in trauma care, we conducted a review focused on the use of ML in the diagnosis or treatment strategy of traumatic hemorrhage. A literature search was carried out on PubMed and Google scholar. Titles and abstracts were screened and, if deemed appropriate, the full articles were reviewed. We included 89 studies in the review. These studies could be grouped into five areas: (1) prediction of outcomes; (2) risk assessment and injury severity for triage; (3) prediction of transfusions; (4) detection of hemorrhage; and (5) prediction of coagulopathy. Performance analysis of ML in comparison with current standards for trauma care showed that most studies demonstrated the benefits of ML models. However, most studies were retrospective, focused on prediction of mortality, and development of patient outcome scoring systems. Few studies performed model assessment via test datasets obtained from different sources. Prediction models for transfusions and coagulopathy have been developed, but none is in widespread use. AI-enabled ML-driven technology is becoming integral part of the whole course of trauma care. Comparison and application of ML algorithms using different datasets from initial training, testing and validation in prospective and randomized controlled trials are warranted for provision of decision support for individualized patient care as far forward as possible.
Magnetic transferrin nanoparticles (MTNs) assay as a novel isolation approach for exosomal biomarkers in neurological diseases
Authors: Jang Yoon Ok , Ahn Hee-Sung , Dao Thuy Nguyen Thi , Hong JeongYeon , Shin Wangyong , Lim Young-Min , Chung Sun Ju , Lee Jae-Hong , Liu Huifang , Koo Bonhan , Kim Myoung Gyu , Kim Kyunggon , Lee Eun-Jae , Shin Yong 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background
Brain-derived exosomes released into the blood are considered a liquid biopsy to investigate the pathophysiological state, reflecting the aberrant heterogeneous pathways of pathological progression of the brain in neurological diseases. Brain-derived blood exosomes provide promising prospects for the diagnosis of neurological diseases, with exciting possibilities for the early and sensitive diagnosis of such diseases. However, the capability of traditional exosome isolation assays to specifically isolate blood exosomes and to characterize the brain-derived blood exosomal proteins by high-throughput proteomics for clinical specimens from patients with neurological diseases cannot be assured. We report a magnetic transferrin nanoparticles (MTNs) assay, which combined transferrin and magnetic nanoparticles to isolate brain-derived blood exosomes from clinical samples.

Methods
The principle of the MTNs assay is a ligand-receptor interaction through transferrin on MTNs and transferrin receptor on exosomes, and electrostatic interaction via positively charged MTNs and negatively charged exosomes to isolate brain-derived blood exosomes. In addition, the MTNs assay is simple and rapid (< 35 min) and does not require any large instrument. We confirmed that the MTNs assay accurately and efficiently isolated exosomes from serum samples of humans with neurodegenerative diseases, such as dementia, Parkinson's disease (PD), and multiple sclerosis (MS). Moreover, we isolated exosomes from serum samples of 30 patients with three distinct neurodegenerative diseases and performed unbiased proteomic analysis to explore the pilot value of brain-derived blood protein profiles as biomarkers.

Results
Using comparative statistical analysis, we found 21 candidate protein biomarkers that were significantly different among three groups of neurodegenerative diseases.

Conclusion
The MTNs assay is a convenient approach for the specific and affordable isolation of extracellular vesicles from body fluids for minimally-invasive diagnosis of neurological diseases.
The prospective power of personality for childbearing: a longitudinal study based on data from Germany
Authors: Peters Steffen 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe link between personality and fertility is relatively underexplored. Moreover, there are only a few studies focusing on the prospective association between personality and childbearing. However, none of these studies considered the Five-Factor Model (FFM), which is the most widely accepted measurement of personality. The present study fills this gap by examining the prospective association between the FFM and the hazard ratio of the first and the second childbirth in Germany. Analyses are based on recent data (2005–2017) from the Socio-economic Panel Study. Cox proportional hazard models are applied. Findings demonstrate that personality traits are associated with fertility. Extraversion is positively linked with the first childbirth, but is negatively associated with the second childbirth. These findings are mainly driven by males. Agreeableness is positively linked with the first childbirth across the total sample. Again, this correlation is mainly based on the findings for men, among whom a positive association between agreeableness and the second childbirth is also found. Among women, personality does not seem to be linked with the first childbirth. However, the risk of having a second child is found to be negatively associated with conscientiousness. My study adds to the current understanding of the personality–fertility association by exploring the impact of personality trait scores from the FFM on subsequent fertility behavior. However, further research is needed on the association between personality and childbearing; on the mechanisms through which personality affects fertility; and on how these links differ across cultures, among higher parities, and for births after re-partnering.