bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Micro-habitat features determine oviposition site selection in High Brown and Dark Green Fritillaries
Authors: Simons Julia , Oxbrough Anne , Menéndez Rosa , Ashton Paul 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The survival of butterfly populations depends on successful oviposition strategies. The limited mobility of early life stages requires females to select sites that reflect larval requirements. However, as land use and climate changes are altering habitat conditions and micro-climate, some species may adapt ovipositing strategies and flourish while others, with narrow niche requirements, may be unable to respond. Oviposition site selection and micro-habitat niche is examined for two closely related butterfly species—the specialist High Brown Fritillary (Fabriciana adippe) and relative generalist Dark Green Fritillary (Speyeria aglaja) through field observations of egg-laying females and analysis of micro-habitat characteristics. A total of 104 oviposition behaviour observations across both species were recorded in 69 1 m2 quadrats, with the habitat characteristics compared to randomly selected quadrats in the same area. Results show that higher host plant density was a positively significant factor for oviposition site selection only for the High Brown Fritillary. Moreover, the cover of live Bracken (Pteridium aquilinum) and grass were important for site selection in both species, with High Brown Fritillaries tolerating less live Bracken and grass cover than Dark Green Fritillaries. This confirms the more specific requirements and narrower micro-habitat niche of the High Brown Fritillary, which appears to be more sensitive to micro-habitat cooling.

Implications for insect conservation
The management of Bracken mosaic habitats for these two species should aim to supress grass growth and maintain Bracken density within limits, by opening the Bracken canopy on a rotation through grazing or manual cutting, ensuring a continuous supply of suitable micro-habitat.
A novel model to evaluate spatial structure in thinned conifer-broadleaved mixed natural forests
Authors: Liu Hui , Dong Xibin , Meng Yuan , Gao Tong , Mao Liangliang , Gao Ran 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn order to ensure the effective analysis and reconstruction of forests, it is key to ensure the quantitative description of their spatial structure. In this paper, a distance model for the optimal stand spatial structure based on weighted Voronoi diagrams is proposed. In particular, we provide a novel methodological model for the comprehensive evaluation of the spatial structure of forest stands in natural mixed conifer-broadleaved forests and the formulation of management decision plans. The applicability of the rank evaluation and the optimal solution distance model are compared and assessed for different standard sample plots of natural mixed conifer-broadleaved forests. The effect of crown width on the spatial structure unit of the trees is observed to be higher than that of the diameter at breast height. Moreover, the influence of crown length is greater than that of tree height. There are nine possible spatial structure units determined by the weighted Voronoi diagram for the number of neighboring trees in the central tree, with an average intersection of neighboring crowns reaching 80%. The rank rating of natural forest sample plots is correlated with the optimal solution distance model, and their results are generally consistent for natural forests. However, the rank rating is not able to provide a quantitative assessment. The optimal solution distance model is observed to be more comprehensive than traditional methods for the evaluation of the spatial structure of forest stands. It can effectively reflect the trends in realistic stand spatial structure factors close to or far from the ideal structure point, and accurately assesses the forest spatial structure. The proposed optimal solution distance model improves the integrated evaluation of the spatial structure of forest stands and provides solid theoretical and technical support for sustainable forest management.
Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery in Patients Older than 65 Years – a Multicenter Study
Authors: Dowgiałło-Gornowicz Natalia , Lech Paweł , Major Piotr ,   Collaborative Study Group, Franczak Paula , Jaworski Paweł , Juszczuk Klaudia , Karpińska Izabela , Katkowski Bartosz , Kowalski Grzegorz , Kucharska Alicja , Orłowski Michał , Proczko-Stepaniak Monika , Szymański Michał , Walędziak Maciej , Wityk Mateusz 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Introduction
With the increase in life expectancy and a growing number of people suffering from obesity, bariatric and metabolic surgery is becoming a major concern in the elderly population. The study aimed to collect, systematize and present the available data on the surgical treatment of obesity among Polish patients over 65 years of age.

Material and Methods
A retrospective study analysed patients over 65 years who underwent laparoscopic bariatric procedures in Poland from 2008 to 2022. The efficacy endpoints were percentage of excess weight loss (EWL%), percentage of total weight loss (%TWL), improvement in obesity-related diseases.

Results
The group consisted of 284 patients (173 women, 60.9%). The mean follow-up was 47.5 months. The mean BMI before surgery was 43.1 kg/m2. 146 (51.4%) patients had T2D, and 244 (85.9%) had HT. The most common procedure was sleeve gastrectomy (82.0%). The mean EWL% after surgery was 50.9%, and the mean TWL% after surgery was 20.6%. There was the statistically significant difference between AGB vs OAGB, SG vs OAGB in %EWL (p = 0.0116, p = 0.009, respectively) and RYGB vs OAGB in %TWL (p = 0.0291). After surgery, 93 patients (63.7%) had complete or partial remission of T2D, and 112 patients (45.9%) had complete or partial remission of HT.

Conclusion
Bariatric surgery appears to be a safe and effective method of treatment of obesity in patients over 65 years of age. OAGB seems to have better results in weight loss than SG, RYGB, and AGB in older patients.

Graphical Abstract
TERT mutations-associated alterations in clinical characteristics, immune environment and therapy response in glioblastomas
Authors: Tang Feng , Chen Xi , Liu Jin-Sheng , Liu Zhen-Yuan , Yang Jin-Zhou , Wang Ze-Fen , Li Zhi-Qiang 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objective TERT
is the most frequently mutated gene in adult glioblastomas (GBMs) defined by the 2021 World Health Organization classification system. The present study aims to explore differences in clinical characteristics and immune microenvironment between TERT mutant and wild-type GBM.

Methods
Three GBM-related cohorts consisting of 205 GBM patients in our cohort, 463 GBM patients without immune checkpoint inhibitor(ICI) therapy and 1465 tumour patients (including 92 GBM cases) receiving ICI treatment in the MSK cohort were included. Retrospective analysis and immunohistochemistry assay were used for investigating the local (including tumour cells, local immune cells, and seizures) and systemic (including circulating immune cells, coagulation-related functions, and prognosis) effects of TERT mutations. Besides, differences in genetic alterations and immunotherapy responses between TERT mutant and wild-type GBMs were also explored.

Results
We found that TERT mutant and wild-type GBMs possessed similar initial clinic symptoms, circulating immune microenvironment and immunotherapy response. With respect to that in TERT wild-type GBMs, mutations in TERT resulted in higher levels of tumour-infiltrating neutrophils, prolonged coagulation time, worse chemotherapy response and poorer overall survival.

Conclusion
Mutations in TERT alter the local immune environment and decrease the sensitivity of GBM to chemotherapy.
Nanomechanical Characterization of Bone Quality Depending on Tissue Age via Bimodal Atomic Force Microscopy
Authors: Kwon Jinha , Cho Hanna 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCharacterization of bone quality during the healing process is crucial for successful implantation procedures and patient comfort. In this study, a bone implant specimen that underwent a 4-week healing period was investigated. Bimodal atomic force microscopy (AFM) was employed to simultaneously obtain the morphology and elastic modulus maps of the newly formed and pre-existing bone regions within the sample. Results indicate that the new bone matrix possessed lower mineralization levels and presented larger, uneven mineral grains, exhibiting the attributes of a woven bone. On the other hand, the old bone matrix exhibited a more uniform and mineralized structure, which is characteristic of lamellar bones. The new bone had a lower overall elastic modulus than the old bone. Bimodal AFM further confirmed that the new bone displayed three regions comprising unmineralized, partially mineralized, and fully matured sections, which indicate a turbulent change in its composition. Meanwhile, the old bone exhibited two sections comprising partially mineralized and matured bone parts, which denote the final phase of mineralization. This study provides valuable insights into the morphological and nanomechanical differences between the old and new bone matrixes and presents a novel approach to investigate bone quality at different phases of the bone-healing process.
Embedding Librarians in Archaeological Field Schools
Authors: Hrynick M. Gabriel , Anderson Arthur W. , Moore Erik C. , Meade Mike 
Published: August 2023

AbstractParticipating in an archaeological field school is one of the only educational experiences that nearly all professional archaeologists have during their training. As a result, field schools are uniquely suited to provide experiential education in emerging skills that all archaeologists will need, such as information and data literacies at all stages of the contemporary research and publishing cycle. The “embedded” librarian program in the University of New Brunswick's Downeast Maine Coastal Archaeology Field School is an effective means to deploy that focused expertise to help students better understand the relationship between fieldwork, data, and dissemination. At the same time, being in the field provides librarians with the knowledge to respond more effectively to the complex data management and research needs of archaeologists. We encourage large research projects to consider librarians as specialist members of the research team.
An Evolutionary Account of Guilt?
Authors: Kurth Charlie 
Published: August 2023

AbstractGrant Ramsey and Michael Deem argue that appreciating the role that empathy plays in posttransgression guilt leads to a more promising account of the emotion’s evolutionary origins. But because their proposal fails to adequately distinguish guilt from shame, we cannot say which of the two emotions we are actually getting an evolutionary account of. Moreover, a closer look at the details suggests both that empathy may be more relevant for our understanding of shame’s evolutionary origins than guilt’s and that guilt is unlikely to be an adaptation.
Supplement use in relation to dietary intake in pregnancy: an analysis of the Swedish GraviD cohort
Authors: Forsby Mathilda , Winkvist Anna , Bärebring Linnea , Augustin Hanna 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe aimed to study supplement use in relation to dietary intake among pregnant women in Sweden, and adherence to the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations among supplement and non-supplement users. Pregnant women were recruited at registration to antenatal care in 2013–2014. In third trimester, supplement use was collected using a questionnaire, and dietary intake was collected using a FFQ. The majority (64 %) of the 1044 women reported use of one or more supplements. Among all, 0–23 % reported dietary intakes above recommended intake (RI) of vitamin D, folate, Fe and Se. Median dietary intakes of thiamine (1·4 v. 1·3 mg P = 0·013), phosphorus (1482 v. 1440 mg P = 0·007), folate (327 v. 316 µg P = 0·02), Fe (12 v. 11·5 mg P = 0·009), Mg (361 v. 346 mg P < 0·001) and Zn (10·7 v. 10·4 mg P = 0·01) were higher among supplement users compared with non-users. Larger proportions of supplement users than non-users adhered to RI of dietary intakes of thiamine (42 % v. 35 % P = 0·04) and Mg (75 % v. 69 % P = 0·05). Among non-users, a minority had dietary intakes above RI for vitamin D (6 %), folate (10 %) and Fe (21 %). The majority (75–100 %) of supplement users had total intakes above RI for most nutrients. In conclusion, supplement use contributed substantially to reaching RI for vitamin D, folate and Fe. Supplement users had a higher dietary intake of several nutrients than non-users. This highlights that non-supplement users are at risk of inadequate nutrient intakes during pregnancy, suggesting a need for heightened awareness of nutritional adequacy for pregnant women.
Identification of glycine betaine as a host-derived molecule required for the vegetative proliferation of the protozoan parasite Perkinsus olseni
Authors: Liu Yuqi , Ninomiya Akihiro , Yoshinaga Tomoyoshi , Itoh Naoki 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPerkinsus olseni is an industrially significant protozoan parasite of Manila clam, Ruditapes philippinarum. So far, various media, based on Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium and Ham's F-12 nutrient mixture with supplementation of fetal bovine serum (FBS), have been developed to proliferate the parasitizing trophozoite stage of P. olseni. The present study showed that P. olseni did not proliferate in FBS-deficient Perkinsus broth medium (PBMΔF), but proliferated well in PBMΔF supplemented with tissue extract of host Manila clams, indicating that FBS and Manila clam tissue contained molecule(s) required for P. olseni proliferation. Preliminary characterization suggested that the host-derived molecule(s) was a heat-stable molecule(s) with a molecular weight of less than 3 kDa, and finally a single molecule required for the proliferation was purified by high-performance liquid chromatography processes. High-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses identified this molecule as glycine betaine (=trimethylglycine), and the requirement of this molecule for P. olsseni proliferation was confirmed by an assay using chemically synthesized, standard glycine betaine. Although glycine betaine was required for the proliferation of all examined Perkinsus species, supplementation of glycine betaine precursors, such as choline and betaine aldehyde, enhanced the proliferation of 4 Perkinsus species (P. marinus, P. chesapeaki, P. mediterraneus and P. honshuensis), but not of 2 others (P. olseni and P. beihaiensis). Thus, it was concluded that the ability to biosynthesise glycine betaine from its precursors varied among Perkinsus species, and that P. olseni and P. beihaiensis lack the ability required to biosynthesize glycine betaine for proliferation.
Design of the five-bar linkage with singularity-free workspace
Authors: Demjen Tivadar , Lovasz Erwin-Christian , Ceccarelli Marco , Sticlaru Carmen , Lupuţi Antonio-Marius-Flavius , Oarcea Alexandru , Silaghi-Perju Dan-Cristian 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis paper shows the kinematic analysis and the synthesis of the five-bar linkage with symmetrical structure and singularity-free dexterous workspace. The type synthesis of the five-bar linkage shows that the number of symmetrical structures of five-bar linkage is limited to eight structures. This study deals with the forward and inverse kinematic analysis and synthesis of the five-bar structure 5-RRRRR. The synthesis equations allow the analytical computation of the link lengths of a symmetrical five-bar linkage using only revolute joints to avoid the singularities in an imposed dexterous workspace. A numerical example of the symmetrical five-bar linkage is analyzed and synthetized theoretically and characterized by computing the performance indices. The tests on an experimental model of the five-bar linkage 5-RRRRR confirm the singularity-free dexterous workspace.
Tying the knot in language-divided Belgium. A research into marriage partner selection in Flemish municipalities along the language border with Wallonia, 1798–1938
Authors: Metzlar Wieke Elien , Matthijs Koen , Puschmann Paul 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn nineteenth-century Europe, local and regional marriage markets turned into national marriage markets as a result of modernisation. However, the question is whether this applied also to Belgium, a nation that became increasingly divided over a language dispute between French-speaking Walloons and Dutch-speaking Flemings. To answer this question, this study examines trends and determinants of mixed marriages in municipalities in which Flemings and Walloons lived in close proximity of each other. The results show that marriages between Flemings and Walloons had always been rare and became even rarer over time, suggesting a strong and growing divide in the marriage market.
Acute kidney injury in hypoplastic left heart syndrome patients following the comprehensive stage two palliation
Authors: Cunningham Tyler W. , Bai Shasha , Krawczeski Catherine D. , Spencer John D. , Phelps Christina , Yates Andrew R. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackground:An alternative surgical approach for hypoplastic left heart syndrome is the Hybrid pathway, which delays the risk of acute kidney injury outside of the newborn period. We sought to determine the incidence, and associated morbidity, of acute kidney injury after the comprehensive stage 2 and the cumulative incidence after the first two operations in the Hybrid pathway.Design:A single centre, retrospective study was conducted of hypoplastic left heart patients completing the second-stage palliation in the Hybrid pathway from 2009 to 2018. Acute kidney injury was defined utilising Kidney Diseases Improving Global Outcomes criteria. Perioperative and post-operative characteristics were analysed.Results:Sixty-one patients were included in the study cohort. The incidence of acute kidney injury was 63.9%, with 36.1% developing severe injury. Cumulatively after the Hybrid Stage 1 and comprehensive stage 2 procedures, 69% developed acute kidney injury with 36% developing severe injury. The presence of post-operative acute kidney injury was not associated with an increase in 30-day mortality (acute kidney injury 7.7% versus none 9.1%; p = > 0.9). There was a significantly longer median duration of intubation among those with acute kidney injury (acute kidney injury 32 (8, 155) hours vs. no injury 9 (0, 94) hours; p = 0.018).Conclusions:Acute kidney injury after the comprehensive stage two procedure is common and accounts for most of the kidney injury in the first two operations of the Hybrid pathway. No difference in mortality was detected between those with acute kidney injury and those without, although there may be an increase in morbidity.
Solar, Atmospheric, and Volcanic Impacts on 10Be Depositions in Greenland and Antarctica During the Last 100 Years
Authors: Zheng Minjie , Adolphi Florian , Paleari Chiara , Tao Qin , Erhardt Tobias , Christl Marcus , Wu Mousong , Lu Zhengyao , Hörhold Maria , Chen Peng , Muscheler Raimund 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCosmogenic radionuclides (e.g., 10Be) from ice cores are a powerful tool for solar reconstructions back in time. However, superimposed on the solar signal, other factors like weather/climate and volcanic influences on 10Be can complicate the interpretation of 10Be data. A comprehensive study of 10Be records over the recent period, when atmospheric 10Be production and meteorological conditions are relatively well‐known, can improve our interpretation of 10Be records. Here we conduct a systematic study of the production and climate/volcanic signals in Antarctica and Greenland 10Be records, including a new 10Be record from the East GReenland Ice‐core Project site. Greenland and Antarctica records show significant decreasing trends (5%–6.5%/decade) for 1900–1950, which is comparable with the expected production rate inferred from sunspot observations. By comparing 10Be records with reanalysis data and atmospheric circulation patterns, 10Be records from Southern/Southeastern Greenland are significantly correlated with the Scandinavia pattern. Stacking 10Be records from different locations can enhance the production signal. However, this approach is not always straightforward as uncertainties in some records can lead to a weaker solar signal. A strategy can be employed to select records for the bipolar stack by comparing Greenland records with Antarctica records, assuming the shared signal is a production signal. Finally, we observe significant increases (36%–64%) in 10Be depositions in Greenland related to the Agung eruption. This large increase in Greenland 10Be records after the Agung eruption, could be partly explained by the enhanced air mass transport from mid‐latitudes coinciding with the decreased precipitation en‐route.
On the Sensitivity of Convective Cold Pools to Mesh Resolution
Authors: Fiévet Romain , Meyer Bettina , Haerter Jan O. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIt is well recognized that triggering of convective cells through cold pools (CPs) is key to the organization of convection. Yet, numerous studies have found that both the characterization and parameterization of CP effects in numerical models is cumbersome—in part due to the lack of numerical convergence with respect to the horizontal mesh resolution, Δx, obtained in typical cloud‐resolving simulators. Within a comprehensive numerical convergence study we systematically increase the horizontal resolution in a set of idealized large‐eddy simulations. Our analysis captures key CP processes, namely free propagation, frontal collision and merging of gust fronts. We characterize the numerical convergence of tropospheric moistening rates, gust front vortical strength and propagation speed, and the amplitude of the lobe‐and‐cleft instability. The understanding gained from this analysis may help develop robust subgrid models for CP dynamics.
Exploring Controls on Coastal Dune Growth Through a Simplified Model
Authors: Kombiadou Katerina , Costas Susana , Roelvink Dano 
Published: August 2023

AbstractProcess‐based morphodynamic models can be useful in understanding coastal dune responses to disturbances, as well as possible evolutionary patterns. To this aim, we employ Duna, a simplified 1D morphodynamic model, to assess the influence of dune morphology (height and slope) on sand transfer and deposition across the dune profile for different beach widths and wind incidence angles through idealized experiments. Simulations of real conditions show good model performance, both in wind flow reproduction and in topographic change along the dune profiles tested. The idealized experiments show that wind speed increases and sand accumulation decreases logarithmically with dune height and linearly with stoss slope along the dune profile. Fetch and cosine transport limiting parameters are reflected in the sand accumulated windwards from the toe, while sand transfer to the dune appears controlled by multiple factors; the higher the dune and/or the narrower the beach, the likelier that maximum accumulation occurs under oblique winds. Results point to two different types of evolution for high dunes. Either the vegetation is dense enough to maintain the stoss position, in which case vertical growth near‐ceases and seaward progradation is promoted, or the stoss is eroded and landward retreat dominates, in which case sand transfer to the crest and lee continues as a mixture of low input from the beach and recycled sand from the stoss.