bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self-healing properties of symmetrical power-exponent-phase vortices
Authors: Liu Shuo , Liu Xuejuan , Xiong Yan , Xu Yiping , Tao Shaohua , Yang Wenxing , Cheng Shubo 
Published: September 2023

The self-healing properties of symmetrical power-exponent-phase vortices (SPEPVs) are analyzed in this paper. By placing an obstacle in the optical path of SPEPVs, we simulated the propagation of the obstructed SPEPVs and verified the self-healing of the beam theoretically. We also explored the influence of external factors (e.g., obstacle size and position) and internal parameters (topological charge l and power exponent n) on the self-healing effect of obstructed SPEPVs. Furthermore, the energy flow density, similarity coefficient, effective self-healing distance, and diffraction efficiency of the obstructed SPEPVs were also discussed. The results demonstrated that the transverse energy flows around the obstructed region of SPEPVs will recover with the propagation distance increased, and the effective self-healing distance gradually increases linearly with the obstacle size r
x
increased. The self-healing characteristic gives the petal-like SPEPVs the ability to trap microparticles three-dimensionally.
Digital exposure notification tools: A global landscape analysis
Authors: Nebeker Camille , Kareem Daniah , Yong Aidan , Kunowski Rachel , Malekinejad Mohsen , Aronoff-Spencer Eliah 
Published: September 2023

Background
As the COVID-19 pandemic continues, digital exposure notification systems are increasingly used to support traditional contact tracing and other preventive strategies. Likewise, a plethora of COVID-19 mobile applications have emerged. Objective: To characterize the global landscape of pandemic related mobile applications, including digital exposure notification and contact tracing tools.

Data Sources and Methods
The following queries were entered into the Google search engine: “(*country name* COVID app) OR (COVID app *country name*) OR (COVID app *country name*+) OR (*country name*+ COVID app)”. The App Store, Google Play, and official government websites were then accessed to collect descriptive data for each application. Descriptive data were qualified and quantified using standard methods. COVID-19 Exposure Notification Systems (ENS) and non-Exposure Notification products were categorized and summarized to provide a global landscape review.

Results
Our search resulted in a global count of 224 COVID-19 mobile applications, in 127 countries. Of these 224 apps, 128 supported exposure notification, with 75 employing the Google Apple Exposure Notification (GAEN) application programming interface (API). Of the 75 apps using the GAEN API, 15 apps were developed using Exposure Notification Express, a GAEN turnkey solution. COVID-19 applications that did not include exposure notifications (n = 96) focused on COVID-19 Self-Assessment (35·4%), COVID-19 Statistics and Information (32·3%), and COVID-19 Health Advice (29·2%).

Conclusions
The digital response to COVID-19 generated diverse and novel solutions to support non-pharmacologic public health interventions. More research is needed to evaluate the extent to which these services and strategies were useful in reducing viral transmission.
Comparison of collection methods for Phlebotomus argentipes sand flies to use in a molecular xenomonitoring system for the surveillance of visceral leishmaniasis
Authors: McIntyre-Nolan Shannon , Kumar Vijay , Mark-Carew Miguella , Kumar Kundan , Nightingale Emily S. , Dalla Libera Marchiori Giorgia , Rogers Matthew E. , Kristan Mojca , Campino Susana , Medley Graham F. , Das Pradeep , Cameron Mary M. 
Published: September 2023

Background
The kala-azar elimination programme has resulted in a significant reduction in visceral leishmaniasis (VL) cases across the Indian Subcontinent. To detect any resurgence of transmission, a sensitive cost-effective surveillance system is required. Molecular xenomonitoring (MX), detection of pathogen DNA/RNA in vectors, provides a proxy of human infection in the lymphatic filariasis elimination programme. To determine whether MX can be used for VL surveillance in a low transmission setting, large numbers of the sand fly vector Phlebotomus argentipes are required. This study will determine the best method for capturing P. argentipes females for MX.

Methodology/Principal findings
The field study was performed in two programmatic and two non-programmatic villages in Bihar, India. A total of 48 households (12/village) were recruited. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention light traps (CDC-LTs) were compared with Improved Prokopack (PKP) and mechanical vacuum aspirators (MVA) using standardised methods. Four 12x12 Latin squares, 576 collections, were attempted (12/house, 144/village,192/method). Molecular analyses of collections were conducted to confirm identification of P. argentipes and to detect human and Leishmania DNA. Operational factors, such as time burden, acceptance to householders and RNA preservation, were also considered. A total of 562 collections (97.7%) were completed with 6,809 sand flies captured. Females comprised 49.0% of captures, of which 1,934 (57.9%) were identified as P. argentipes. CDC-LTs collected 4.04 times more P. argentipes females than MVA and 3.62 times more than PKP (p<0.0001 for each). Of 21,735 mosquitoes in the same collections, no significant differences between collection methods were observed. CDC-LTs took less time to install and collect than to perform aspirations and their greater yield compensated for increased sorting time. No significant differences in Leishmania RNA detection and quantitation between methods were observed in experimentally infected sand flies maintained in conditions simulating field conditions. CDC-LTs were favoured by householders.

Conclusions/Significance
CDC-LTs are the most useful collection tool of those tested for MX surveillance since they collected higher numbers of P. argentipes females without compromising mosquito captures or the preservation of RNA. However, capture rates are still low.
The fracture resistance of 3D-printed versus milled provisional crowns: An in vitro study
Authors: Othman Ahmed , Sandmair Maximillian , Alevizakos Vasilios , von See Constantin 
Published: September 2023

Background
CAD/CAM has considerably transformed the clinical practice of dentistry. In particular, advanced dental materials produced via digital technologies offer unquestionable benefits, such as ideal mechanical stability, outstanding aesthetics and reliable high precision. Additive manufacturing (AM) technology has promoted new innovations, especially in the field of biomedicine.

Aims
The aim of this study is to analyze the fracture resistance of implant-supported 3D-printed temporary crowns relative to milled crowns by compression testing.

Methods
The study sample included 32 specimens of temporary crowns, which were divided into 16 specimens per group. Each group consisted of eight maxillary central incisor crowns (tooth 11) and eight maxillary molar crowns (tooth 16). The first group (16 specimens) was 3D printed by a mask printer (Varseo, BEGO, Bremen, Germany) with a temporary material (VarseoSmile Temp A3, BEGO, Bremen, Germany). The second group was milled with a millable temporary material (VitaCAD Temp mono-color, Vita, Bad Säckingen, Germany). The two groups were compression tested until failure to estimate their fracture resistance. The loading forces and travel distance until failure were measured. The statistical analysis was performed using SPSS Version 24.0. We performed multiple t tests and considered a significance level of p <0.05.

Results
The mean fracture force of the printed molars was 1189.50 N (±250.85) with a deformation of 1.75 mm (±0.25). The milled molars reached a mean fracture force of 1817.50 N (±258.22) with a deformation of 1.750 mm (±0.20). The printed incisors fractured at 321.63 N (±145.90) with a deformation of 1.94 mm (±0.40), while the milled incisors fractured at 443.38 N (±113.63) with a deformation of 2.26 mm (±0.40). The milled molar group revealed significantly higher mechanical fracture strength than the 3D-printed molar group (P<0.001). However, no significant differences between the 3D-printed incisors and the milled incisors were found (p = 0.084). There was no significant difference in the travel distance until fracture for both the molar group (p = 1.000) and the incisor group (p = 0.129).

Conclusion
Within the limits of this in vitro investigation, printed and milled temporary crowns withstood masticatory forces and were safe for clinical use.
Radiological appearance and lung function six months after invasive ventilation in ICU for COVID-19 pneumonia: An observational follow-up study
Authors: Konsberg Ylva , Szaro Pawel , Aneman Anders , Kjellberg Sanna , Solidakis Nektarios , Svedlund Sara , Nellgård Bengt , Dalla Keti 
Published: September 2023

Background
Respiratory functional sequelae in COVID-19 patients admitted to the intensive care unit for invasive ventilation are sparsely reported. The aim of this study was to investigate the radiological lung appearance, lung function and their association at 6 months after hospital discharge. It was hypothesized that the degree of pathological morphology on CT scans would correlate with lung function at the time of follow-up.

Methods and findings
In this single-centre prospective observational study, 86 from 154 patients admitted to ICU due to COVID-19 between March 2020 and May 2021 were followed up at 6 months post discharge with computed tomography (CT) of the chest and pulmonary function tests (PFTs). The PFT results were expressed as z-scores calculated as the difference between the measured and predicted values divided by the standard deviation obtained from a reference population. Correlations were evaluated by Spearman’s rho including the 95% confidence interval. Pathological changes on CT were found in 78/85 participants with fibrous parenchymal bands being the most prevalent finding (91%) followed by traction bronchiectasis (64%) and ground glass opacities (41%). Sixty-five participants performed PFTs, and a restrictive pattern was the most prevalent abnormality (34%). Diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) was reduced in 66% of participants. The CT severity score weakly correlated with forced vital capacity (FVC) z-score (0.295, p = 0.006), DLCO z-score (-0.231, p = 0.032) and alveolar volume (VA) z-score (0.253, p = 0.019).

Conclusions
Most patients showed persistent radiological abnormalities on CT and reduced lung volumes, impaired diffusion capacity and patterns of restrictive lung function at 6 months post discharge from the ICU. The correlations between abnormalities on CT and lung function tests were weak. Further, studies with a long-term follow-up of lung function in this group of patients are needed.
A qualitative study of imaginary pills and open-label placebos in test anxiety
Authors: Buergler Sarah , Sezer Dilan , Busch Alexander , Enzmann Marlon , Bakis Berfin , Locher Cosima , Bagge Niels , Kirsch Irving , Carvalho Claudia , Gaab Jens 
Published: September 2023

Background
The efficacy of open-label placebos (OLPs) has been increasingly demonstrated and their use holds promise for applications compatible with basic ethical principles. Taking this concept one step further an imaginary pill (IP) intervention without the use of a physical pill was developed and tested in a randomized controlled trial (RCT). To explore participants’ experiences and views, we conducted the first qualitative study in the field of IPs.

Methods
A reflexive thematic analysis (RTA) of semi-structured interviews with test anxious students (N = 20) was nested in an RCT investigating an IP and OLP intervention. In addition, open-ended questions from the RCT were evaluated (N = 114) to corroborate the RTA and pill characteristics were included to more accurately capture the IP experience.

Results
Four key themes were identified: (1) attitude towards the intervention, (2) applicability of the intervention, (3) experience of effects, and (4) characteristics of the imagination. The IP intervention was well-accepted, easily applicable, and various effects, pill characteristics and appearances were described. While many participants did not desire a physical pill, either due to the absence of the imagination component or aversion to pills, the approach was considered to be cognitively and time demanding, which in turn, however, encouraged the establishment of a therapeutic ritual that protected against the increase in test anxiety during the preparation phase. OLP findings were comparable, and especially the importance of a treatment rationale was stressed in both groups, counteracting an initial ambivalent attitude. The RTA findings were supported by the open-ended questions of the RCT.

Conclusion
IPs appear to be a well-accepted and easily applicable intervention producing a variety of beneficial effects. Thus, the IP approach might serve as an imaginary based alternative to OLPs warranting further investigations on its application to harness placebo effects without a physical pill.
Impact of COVID-19 vaccination on mortality after acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Gupta Mohit D. , Kunal Shekhar , M. P. Girish , Goyal Dixit , Malhotra Rajeev Kumar , Mishra Prashant , Shukla Mansavi , Gupta Aarti , Kohli Vanshika , Bundela Nitya , Batra Vishal , Bansal Ankit , Yadav Rakesh , Yusuf Jamal , Mukhopadhyay Saibal 
Published: September 2023

Background
COVID-19 vaccines are highly immunogenic but cardiovascular effects of these vaccines have not been properly elucidated.

Objectives
To determine impact of COVID-19 vaccination on mortality following acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

Methods
This was a single center retrospective observation study among patients with AMI enrolled in the the North India ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NORIN-STEMI) registry. In all the enrolled patients, data regarding patient’s vaccination status including details on type of vaccine, date of vaccination and adverse effects were obtained. All enrolled subjects were followed up for a period of six months. The primary outcome of the study was all-cause mortality both at one month and at six months of follow-up. Propensity-weighted score logistic regression model using inverse probability of treatment weighting was used to determine the impact of vaccination status on all-cause mortality.

Results
A total of 1578 subjects were enrolled in the study of whom 1086(68.8%) were vaccinated against COVID-19 while 492(31.2%) were unvaccinated. Analysis of the temporal trends of occurrence of AMI post vaccination did not show a specific clustering of AMI at any particular time. On 30-day follow-up, all-cause mortality occurred in 201(12.7%) patients with adjusted odds of mortality being significantly lower in vaccinated group (adjusted odds ratio[aOR]: 0.58, 95% CI: 0.47–0.71). Similarly, at six months of follow-up, vaccinated AMI group had lower odds of mortality(aOR: 0.54, 95% CI: 0.44 to 0.65) as compared to non-vaccinated group.

Conclusions
COVID-19 vaccines have shown to decrease all-cause mortality at 30 days and six months following AMI.
Climatic Media: Transpacific Experiments in Atmospheric Control, Yuriko Furuhata (2022)
Authors: Moro Jeffrey 
Published: September 2023

Review of: Climatic Media: Transpacific Experiments in Atmospheric Control, Yuriko Furuhata (2022)
Durham, NC and London: Duke University Press, 256 pp.
ISBN 978-1-47801-780-6, p/bk, $26.95
Heavy Metal Armour: A Visual Study of Battle Jackets, Thomas Cardwell (2022)
Authors: Meij Jan-Martijn 
Published: September 2023

Review of: Heavy Metal Armour: A Visual Study of Battle Jackets, Thomas Cardwell (2022)
Bristol: Intellect Ltd, 248 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-78938-537-3, h/bk, £35.00
Virtual Reality Improves Symptoms of Functional Dyspepsia: Results of a Randomized, Double-Blind, Sham-Controlled, Pilot Study
Authors: Cangemi David J. , Montenegro Marilia , Spiegel Brennan M.R. , Lacy and Brian E. 
Published: September 2023

INTRODUCTION:
We investigated the efficacy and safety of virtual reality (VR) for functional dyspepsia.

METHODS:
Patients were randomized 2:1 between active vs sham VR. Symptoms were assessed using the Patient Assessment of Gastrointestinal Disorders-Symptom Severity Index (PAGI-SYM) over 2-week.

RESULTS:
Patients in the active VR group had greater numerical improvement in PAGI-SYM scores (mean difference −0.7; P < 0.001) compared with sham VR (mean difference −0.4; P = 0.032). Active VR led to significant improvements for all PAGI-SYM subscales, except lower abdominal pain, whereas sham only improved heartburn/regurgitation and nausea/vomiting. Half of the total patients reported nonserious adverse effects, although only 1 patient withdrew from the study because of adverse effects.

DISCUSSION:
VR is safe and results in significant symptom improvement in functional dyspepsia. Larger trials are warranted.
Baseline peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) transcriptomics before ustekinumab treatment is linked with Crohn Disease clinical response at 1 year
Authors: Granot Maya , Braun Tzipi , Efroni Gilat , Picard Orit , Fudim Ella , Yavzori Miri , Haj Ola , Weiss Batia , Ben-Horin Shomron , Kopylov Uri , Haberman Yael 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background/Objectives:
Ustekinumab (Stelara), a monoclonal antibody to the p40 subunit of interleukin-12 and interleukin-23, is used for Crohn Disease (CD), and the documented clinical remission rate after one year was observed in about 50% of patients. We aimed to identify predictors for a clinical response using peripheral blood obtained from CD patients just before ustekinumab treatment initiation.

Methods:
RNA extraction from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) was followed by mRNA paired-end sequencing. Differential gene expression was performed using DESeq2.

Results:
We processed samples from 36 adults with CD (13 males, 36%) obtained at baseline before starting ustekinumab treatment. 22/36 (61%) were defined as responders and 14/36 (39%) as non-responders after one year based on Physician Global Assessment (PGA). Differential gene expression between responders (n=22) and non-responders (n=14) did not show a gene expression signature that passed false discovery rate (FDR) correction. However, the analyses identified 68 genes, including CXCL1/2/3, that were induced in non-responders vs. responders with p<0.05 and fold change above 1.5. Functional annotation enrichments of these 68 genes using ToppGene indicated enrichment for cytokine activity (FDR=1.98E-05), CXCR chemokine receptor binding (FDR=2.11E-05), Interleukin-10 signaling (FDR=5.03E-07), Genes encoding secreted soluble factors (FDR=1.73E-05), and Myeloid Dendritic cells (FDR=1.80E-08).

Conclusions:
No substantial differences were found in PBMC transcriptomics between responders and non-responders. However, among the non-responders, we noted an increased inflammatory response enriched for pathways linked with cytokine activity and chemokine receptor binding, and innate myeloid signature. A larger cohort is required to validate and further explore these findings.
Transações com partes relacionadas: evidências de honorários de auditoria em empresas abertas do mercado brasileiro
Authors: Santo Lima Ana Claudia , Silva do Carmo Carlos Henrique , Alves Gonçalves Magalhães Ketlyn 
Published: September 2023

Objetivo: O trabalho teve como objetivo identificar a influência das transações com partes relacionadas (TPRs) nos honorários de auditoria (HonAud) de empresas abertas do mercado brasileiro.
Método: A mensuração dos HonAud se deu mediante o logaritmo natural, em concordância com a pesquisa de Habib et al. (2015) e Al-Dhamari et al. (2018). No que tange às transações com partes relacionadas, optou-se também por usar as TPRs em sua forma logaritma (Habib et al., 2015; Pratama, 2018; Ali et al., 2021). A coleta de dados econômicos e financeiros foi realizada na base de dados Economática e as informações sobre auditoria foram retiradas no Formulário de Referência, por fim, os dados referentes às TPRs foram coletados dos demonstrativos individuais das empresas da amostra.
Resultados ou Discussão: Os resultados sugerem que as TPRs de vendas, compras e totais contribuem para o aumento do risco de auditoria, sendo possivelmente mais complexas para a averiguação. E, por conseguinte, estão associadas a maiores valores de honorários de auditoria cobrados quando da prestação dos serviços de auditoria externa.
Contribuições: A pesquisa traz implicações para investidores, analistas e auditores, ao indicar que as TPRs precisam ser analisadas com maior precisão. Finalmente, os achados também fornecem alerta aos normatizadores quanto à proteção dos acionistas minoritários, visto que as transações com partes relacionadas podem ser usadas para obscurecer as informações contábeis.
Case Report: Hyperglycemia in Pregnancy and The Impacts on Fetal Welfare
Authors: Andani Stella 
Published: September 2023

Background: Hyperglycemia in pregnancy is related to the outcome of pregnancy. According to the American Diabetes Association, diabetes diagnosed in the second or third trimester of pregnancy without a history of diabetes is associated with macrosomia, perinatal complications, and neonatal and maternal morbidity.Case Presentation: This study involved 3 pregnant women with different characteristics of age, parity, and gestational age. All the women in the cases were found to have high glucose levels in the 2nd trimester of pregnancy and received therapy.Conclusion: Based on observational studies, patients with pregestational DM have better outcomes if the HbA1c level is <6-6.5%. In the second and third trimesters, the risk of macrosomia, preterm delivery, and preeclampsia is lower if the HbA1c level is <6%. Keywords: BMI, Diabetes Gestational, Glucose level, Pregestational Diabetes
A 56 Years Old Female with Uncontrolled Diabetes Mellitus Type II, Pneumonia, and Suspect With Lung Abscess: a Case Report
Authors: Fahreza Fahreza , Novita Diana , Meutia Sri 
Published: September 2023

Background:Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases with characteristic hyperglycemia. Proper management of DM patients is essential, and this is useful for controlling appropriate blood glucose levels. If blood glucose levels are uncontrolled, this lead to other complications in other organs, like interference with the immune system. Disruption of the immune system causes the risk of infectious diseases, such as pneumonia and lung abscess.Case Presentation:We report a female patient with a history of type 2 diabetes mellitus, complaining of dyspnea, cough with sputum, high fever, and headache. On chest examination showed left chest movement in the right lung, increased stem fremitus in all right lung fields, dullness in the right upper lung field, and amphoric sound, coarse and wet crackles heard in the right upper lung. Several supporting examinations, including laboratory and radiological examinations were carried out.Conclusion: The patient was diagnosed with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus, pneumonia, and a suspected lung abscess. The patient was given several treatments and showed clinical improvement on the fifth day of treatment.