bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Subjective cognition is linked to everyday functioning in epilepsy
Authors: Hohmann Louisa , Berger Justus , Kastell Shirley‐Uloma , Holtkamp Martin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectiveMany people with epilepsy (PWE) suffer from reduced everyday functioning such as unemployment, relationship difficulties, or lifestyle limitations. To identify whether subjective cognitive impairment (SCI) is a potential source of these impairments, associations with restrictions of daily life (RDL) and reduced daily activities (DA) were examined.MethodsIn a prospective cross‐sectional sample of 316 adult in‐patients with epilepsy, multiple regression analyses were calculated predicting RDL and DA. The relationships between these two measures and SCI were controlled for age, sex, seizure frequency, presence of structural lesions, epilepsy duration, mono‐ vs polytherapy and adverse events of antiseizure medication (ASM), level of depressive and anxiety symptoms, education, and employment. We also checked for an interaction between depressive symptoms and SCI, to evaluate whether patients with more depressive symptoms are more vulnerable for unfavorable associations between SCI and RDL or DA, respectively. General dominance indices (GDIs) were calculated to compare predictors.ResultsSubstantial SCI was present in 46% of our sample. SCI was independently associated with RDL and DA. Comparison of relative predictor importance revealed that SCI accounted for 23% of the total variance of RDL (GDISCI = 0.12, = 50%) and 24% of the total variance of DA (GDISCI = 0.08, = 32%). SCI was among the two most important predictors in both models. PWE with more depressive symptoms had stronger associations between SCI and RDL or DA, respectively.SignificanceSubjective cognitive impairment represents a frequent concern in PWE and may have detrimental consequences for their everyday life. PWE with depressive symptoms may be at greater risk of unfavorable relationships between SCI and everyday functioning. Exchange and collaboration between professionals offering psychotherapeutic, neuropsychological, and psychosocial interventions are crucial to address the patients' individual needs.
Management of re‐established artificial grasslands via grazing or fencing: Effects on plant and soil properties
Authors: Cao Jing , Chen Yiping , Jiang Yao , Chen Jingshu , Wu Junhua 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundRevegetation is widely used in degraded grassland restoration. However, the responses of grassland plant and soil properties to fencing (FC) and grazing (GZ) remain poorly understood, especially the vegetation–soil coupling coordination (Cd) mechanism. This study explored single and interactive responses of vegetation and soil properties under FC and GZ after revegetation.MethodsA field experiment with FC and GZ treatments was conducted in Loess Plateau reconstructed grassland, with degraded grassland as the control (CK). Plant and soil properties andCdwere analyzed using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and principal component analysis (PCA).ResultsThe order of soil comprehensive evaluation (SCE) was GZ > FC > CK, while that of vegetation comprehensive evaluation (VCE) was FC > GZ > CK. TheCdof CK was 0.39 (mild imbalance), while the values of FC and GZ were 0.57 and 0.54, respectively (little coordination). The VCE/SCE of FC was 1.48 (soil lag type), and the values of GZ and CK were 0.69 and 0.35, respectively (vegetation lag and vegetation loss type, respectively).ConclusionsBoth GZ and FC improvedCdand facilitated recovery. However, degraded grasslands should be restored via moderate grazing for sustainable ecological and economic development.
Social value orientation modulates behavioral and neural responses to social influence
Authors: Qi Yanyan , Liu Zhihui , Cao Siqi , Han Yixin , Wang Qiong , Liu Xun , Wu Haiyan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSubstantial studies have investigated the social influence effect; however, how individuals with different social value orientations (SVOs), prosocials and proselfs, respond to different social influences remains unknown. This study examines the impact of positive and negative social information on the responses of people with different SVOs. A face‐attractiveness assessment task was employed to investigate the relationships between influence probability, memory, and event‐related potentials of social influence. A significant interactional effect suggested that prosocials and proselfs reacted differently to positive (group rating was more attractive) and negative (group rating was less attractive) social influences. Specifically, proselfs demonstrated significantly higher influence probability, marginally better recall performance, smaller N400, and larger late positive potential on receiving negative influence information than on receiving positive influence information, while prosocials showed no significant differences. Overall, correlations between N400/LPP, influence probability, and recall performance were significant. The above results indicate the modulating role of SVO when responding to social influence. These findings have important implications for understanding how people conform and how prosocial behavior occurs.
Uric acid is independently associated with interleukin‐1β levels in tear fluid of hyperuricemia and gout patients
Authors: Wu Mian , Hu Xingna , Lu Ting , Liu Chenxiao , Lu Honghong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo explore pro‐inflammatory cytokines status in the tear fluid of patients with hyperuricemia and gout and its association with uric acid level.MethodsA total of 58 control subjects, 58 hyperuricemia patients including 40 asymptomatic hyperuricemia and 18 gout participants were recruited in this study. For tear analysis, each patient's tears were collected using capillary action microcaps after stimulation. Tear uric acid levels were measured using chemiluminescence. Tear and serum interleukin‐1beta (IL‐1β) and tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α) levels were measured using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. The correlation of serum and tear uric acid levels with IL‐1β and TNF‐α were determined.ResultsTear uric acid levels were significantly higher in hyperuricemia group (98.2 ± 51.5 vs. 42.7 ± 24.0 µmol/L, p < .001) than in controls group. IL‐1β concentrations were significantly higher in hyperuricemia eyes compared to control eyes (210.2 ± 113.9 vs. 142.6 ± 29.8 pg/mL, p < .001). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that tear uric acid levels were independently positively associated with tear IL‐1β concentrations (B = 0.192, p < .001). However, no significant correlations were found between serum or tear uric acid and TNF‐α level. Moreover, there were no statistically differences of tear IL‐1β and TNF‐α levels between the asymptomatic hyperuricemia and gout groups.ConclusionsTear uric acid levels were higher in patients with hyperuricemia and gout than in controls. There was a significant positive correlation between tear uric acid value and tear IL‐1β level, implying an interaction between hyperuricemia and ocular inflammation responses.
SIRT6 attenuates LPS‐induced inflammation and apoptosis of lung epithelial cells in acute lung injury through ACE2/STAT3/PIM1 signaling
Authors: Yang Juan , Chen Xing 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundAcute lung injury (ALI) is a severe and fatal respiratory disease. SIRT6 exerts pivotal activities in the process of lung diseases, but whether SIRT6 impacts ALI has not been covered.MethodsLentivirus recombinant expressing vector SIRT6 gene (Lent‐SIRT6) was constructed in mice, and there were control, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), LPS + Vehicle, and LPS + Lent SIRT6 groups. RT‐qPCR and western blot detected SIRT6 expression in lung tissues. HE staining observed pathological alternations in lung tissues. Wet‐to‐dry ratio of the lungs was then measured. The cell count of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was evaluated. Serum inflammation was examined with enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL), and western blot were to measure apoptosis. Western blot tested the expression of ACE2/STAT3/PIM1 signaling‐associated factors. At the cellular level, LPS was used to induce lung epithelial cells BEAS‐2B to establish cell injury models. SIRT6 was overexpressed and ACE2 expression was inhibited by cell transfection, and the mechanism of SIRT6 in LPS‐induced lung injury model was further explored by Cell Counting Kit‐8 (CCK‐8), western blot, quantitative reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction, TUNEL, and other techniques.ResultsThe results of animal experiments showed that SIRT6 overexpression could reduce LPS‐induced lung pathological injury, pulmonary edema, and BALF cell ratio and attenuate LPS‐induced inflammatory response and cell apoptosis. In the above process, ACE2, STAT3, p‐STAT3, and PIM1 expression were affected. In cell experiments, SIRT6 expression was reduced in LPS‐induced BEAS‐2B cells. Inhibition of ACE2 expression could reverse the inhibitory effect of SIRT6 overexpression on ACE2/STAT3/PIM1 pathway, and cellular inflammatory response and apoptosis.ConclusionSIRT6 eased LPS‐evoked inflammation and apoptosis of lung epithelial cells in ALI through ACE2/STAT3/PIM1 signaling.
Impact of overweight and obesity on US renal cell carcinoma incidence trends (1995‐2018)
Authors: Luo Qianlai , Hofmann Jonathan N. , Pfeiffer Ruth M. , Kitahara Cari M. , Song Minkyo , Shiels Meredith S. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn the United States, renal cell carcinoma (RCC) incidence and the prevalence of obesity, an established risk factor for RCC, have been increasing for several decades. RCC is more common among older individuals. We sought to quantify the contribution of excess adiposity to the rising incidence of RCC among individuals 60 years or older. National Institutes of Health‐American Association of Retired Persons Diet and Health Study data (n = 453 859 participants, enrolled in 1995‐1996, age at enrollment 50‐71 years) were used to estimate multivariable‐adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for RCC across body mass index categories and HRs associated with smoking. Population attributable fractions (PAFs) were calculated using estimated HRs and annual overweight/obesity prevalence from the National Health Interview Survey (1985‐2008). PAF estimates were combined with RCC incidence from Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results‐13 to calculate annual percent changes in RCC incidence attributable (and unrelated) to overweight/obesity. We found that between 1995 and 2018, among individuals aged 60 years and older, PAF for overweight/obesity increased from 18% to 29% for all RCCs. In comparison, the PAF for smoking declined from 12% to 9%. RCC incidence increased 1.8% per year (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.5%‐2.1%) overall, while RCC incidence attributable to overweight/obesity increased 3.8% per year (95%CI 3.5%‐4.2%) and RCC incidence unrelated to overweight/obesity increased 1.2% per year (95% CI 0.9%‐1.4%). In conclusion, overweight/obesity appears to have contributed importantly to the rising incidence of RCC in the United States since the mid‐1990s. Public health interventions focused on reducing overweight and obesity could help substantially in curbing this trend.
Chemical and Biomolecular Insights into the Staphylococcus aureus Agr Quorum Sensing System: Current Progress and Ongoing Challenges
Authors: Polaske Thomas J. , West Korbin H. J. , Zhao Ke , Widner Danielle L. , York Jordan T. , Blackwell Helen E. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractStaphylococcus aureus is a ubiquitous bacterium that has become a major threat to human health due to its extensive toxin production and tremendous capacity for antibiotic resistance (e. g., MRSA “superbug” infections). Amid a worsening antibiotic resistance crisis, new strategies to combat this deadly microbe that remove the selective pressure of traditional approaches are in high demand. S. aureus utilizes an accessory gene regulator (agr) quorum sensing network to monitor its local cellular population and trigger a devastating communal attack, like an invading horde, once a threshold cell density has been reached. The role of the agr system in a range of disease types is still being unraveled. Herein, we discuss the present‐day biochemical understanding of agr along with unresolved details, describe its connection to the progression of infection, and review how chemical strategies have been implemented to study and intercept this signaling pathway. This research is illuminating the potential of agr as an anti‐virulence target in S. aureus and should inform the study of similar, yet less studied, agr systems in related bacterial pathogens.
Scalable van der Waals graphene films for electro‐optical regulation and thermal camouflage
Authors: Li Ziqi , Chao Xujiang , Balilonda Andrew , Chen Wei 
Published: March 2023

AbstractGraphene exhibits enormous advantages in mid‐infrared (MIR) regulation because of the active control, precise regulation, and large modulation depth. Such graphene films are prepared via chemical vapor deposition (CVD) or reduction, which cannot realize large‐scale production and limit the applications. Graphene films with van der Waals (vdW) structure enable excellent mechanical and electrical performance for flexible electrodes and electronics and might be a candidate for MIR regulation. However, current techniques for preparing vdW graphene films require binder or solution assistance, resulting in chemical residues and performance degradation. Here, a new strategy for preparing large‐area vdW graphene films by simple mechanical adhesion without any additives was proposed. By selecting the carriers and substrates with proper fracture energies, graphene nanosheets can be transferred from one polymer to another with a layer‐by‐layer structure. The obtained graphene films possess desired thickness and comparable electrical conductivity (92.8 ± 4.6 ohm sq–1) with those by chemical vapor deposition. They are of high compactness even for ions to intercalate reversibly, which exhibit excellent electrochemical activity and electro‐optical regulation capability, effectively suppressing 90% thermal radiation. This strategy can be extended to prepare high‐performance vdW graphene films on various polymer substrates and used for sustainable and smart electro‐optical applications.image
Leukemic phase follicular lymphoma in a young adult
Authors: Rivera Daniel , Wang Wei , Al‐Jumaili Zubaidah , Hu Zhihong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundLeukemic presentation of follicular lymphoma (FL) is uncommon, with most cases reported in older adults.DesignThis report describes an unusual case of a young adult diagnosed with leukemic phase of FL. We reviewed the existing literature on this rare presentation of the disease and its potential impact on patient outcomes.ResultsLeukemic phase of FL in young adults can be mistaken for other high‐grade hematologic malignancies. Morphology assessment and ancillary testing, such as flow cytometry and FISH analysis, can assist in achieving an accurate diagnosis of the leukemic phase of FL. Notably, our young patient responded well to therapy, which is different from what is typically observed in older patients who have a poorer prognosis. Further cases are needed to investigate the prognostic impact of the leukemic phase of FL in younger patients.
Family environment and polygenic risk in the bipolar high‐risk context
Authors: Stapp Emma K. , Fullerton Janice M. , Musci Rashelle J. , Zandi Peter P. , McInnis Melvin G. , Mitchell Philip B. , Hulvershorn Leslie A. , Ghaziuddin Neera , Roberts Gloria , Ferrera Alessandra G. , Nurnberger John I. , Wilcox Holly C. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe interaction of polygenic risk (PRS) and environmental effects on development of bipolar disorder (BD) is understudied, as are high‐risk offspring perceptions of their family environment (FE). We tested the association of offspring‐perceived FE in interaction with BD‐PRS on liability for BD in offspring at high or low familial risk for BD.MethodsOffspring of a parent with BD (oBD; n = 266) or no psychiatric disorders (n = 174), aged 12–21 at recruitment, participated in the US and Australia. Empirically‐derived profiles of FE classified offspring by their perceived levels of familial cohesion, flexibility, and conflict. Offspring BD‐PRS were derived from Psychiatric Genomics Consortium BD‐GWAS. Lifetime DSM‐IV bipolar disorders were derived from the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School‐Aged Children. We used a novel stepwise approach for latent class modeling with predictors and distal outcomes.ResultsFifty‐two offspring were diagnosed with BD. For those with well‐functioning FE (two‐thirds of the sample), higher BD‐PRS tracked positively with liability for BD. However, for those with high‐conflict FEs, the relationship between BD‐PRS and liability to BD was negative, with highest risk for BD observed with lower BD‐PRS. In exploratory analyses, European‐ancestry offspring with BD had elevated history of suicidal ideation in high‐conflict FE compared to well‐functioning‐FE, and of suicide attempt with low‐BD‐PRS and high‐conflict FE.ConclusionsThe data suggest that the relationship of BD‐PRS and offspring liability for BD differed between well‐functioning versus high‐conflict FE, potentially in line with a multifactorial liability threshold model and supporting future study of and interventions improving family dynamics.
Civil engineering students as avoidant actors: Using culturally relevant problem‐solving to increase critical action attitudes
Authors: Drake Riley , Poleacovschi Cristina , Faust Kasey M. , True‐Funk Arie , Kaminsky Jessica 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundCivil engineers design systems that have the potential to impact existing oppressive societal conditions. Critical action—the ability to recognize and act against oppressive conditions—is an obligation for civil engineers committed to building a more just world.Purpose/HypothesisHistory reveals that civil engineers often do not take critical action and accrediting bodies (e.g., ABET) have responded by creating requirements to consider social factors and contexts. Considering these endeavors, we ask: To what extent do civil engineering students demonstrate critical action attitudes when prompted by engineering problem‐solving? In what ways does culturally relevant problem‐solving influence critical action attitudes?Design/MethodEmploying transformative action as a theoretical framework, we assessed students' responses to a design question on three levels that perpetuate or disrupt oppression (avoidant, destructive, and critical action). The empirical study used qualitative and quantitative analysis to examine survey responses of 375 civil engineering undergraduate students across 12 US universities.ResultsThe results showed that engineering students largely avoided discussing taking critical action, remaining focused on technical and nontechnical factors that evaded acknowledgement of sociopolitical factors. Nevertheless, when exposed to culturally relevant problem‐solving, students showed a statistically significant increase in both critical and destructive action responses.ConclusionsWe posit that students' exposure to culturally relevant problem‐solving can enhance students' critical action attitudes. The results call on the need for civil engineering educators to cultivate culturally relevant problem‐solving in civil engineering curriculum.
Overexpression of the telomerase holoenzyme induces EMT and tumorigenesis of HPV‐immortalized keratinocytes
Authors: Wang Aibing , Zhou Dan , Krawczyk Ewa , Li Tuanjie , Simic Vera , Lu Jie , Liu Xuefeng , Schlegel Richard , Yuan Hang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCervical cancer is the most frequent malignancy of the female genital tract and is associated with persistent infection of the uterine cervix with high‐risk human papillomaviruses (HPV). The two HPV oncoproteins, E6 and E7, cooperatively immortalize cervical cells and are essential but insufficient for inducing tumorigenicity. During the progression of HPV‐associated cervical dysplasia to carcinoma, the cellular telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) gene is activated and the TERC gene amplified. We questioned whether these increases in telomerase components might mediate the acquisition of the tumorigenic phenotype. We therefore transduced the TERT and TERC genes into E6/E7 immortalized keratinocytes that were anchorage‐dependent and nontumorigenic. The resultant cells showed a profound morphological change characteristic of epithelial‐mesenchymal transition as well as a corresponding increase in expression of vimentin, N‐cadherin, Zinc finger E‐Box binding homeobox 1, snail family transcriptional repressor 1 and matrix Metallopeptidase 2 and decrease in keratin and E‐cadherin. More important, the transduced cells were now anchorage‐independent and formed tumors in immunodeficient mice. Our findings indicate that overexpression of the telomerase holoenzyme in HPV‐immortalized cells is sufficient to induce the complete transformed phenotype.
Analytical investigation of a triple surrounding gate germanium source metal–oxide–semiconductor field‐effect transistor with step graded channel for biosensing applications
Authors: Das Amit , Rewari Sonam , Kanaujia Binod Kumar , Deswal S. S. , Gupta R. S. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis paper proposes a compact analytical model and comprehensively investigates the biosensing performance of a novel dielectric modulated triple surrounding gate germanium source metal–oxide–semiconductor field‐effect transistor with a step graded channel. Solving the 2D Poisson's equation yields an analytical expression of threshold voltage, channel potential, drain current and sub threshold swing. The sensitivity variation in the biosensor has been thoroughly studied by varying different device parameters to investigate its biosensing performance. Graded doping in channel offers enhanced sensitivity than a non‐graded doped channel when the doping of the channel is more near the drain end than source end which is due to stronger electric field and gate capacitance. Effect of fill‐in factor for different biomolecules on the sensitivity has been thoroughly discussed. Different analytical results show an excellent agreement with the simulations done on SILVACO ATLAS TCAD simulator.
Elution–extrusion counter‐current chromatographic separation and theoretical mechanism of antioxidant from Robinia pseudoacacia flower
Authors: Liu Chang , Zhang Yunci , Tang Shanshan , Wang Yi , Tian Jing , Gu Dongyu , Yang Yi 
Published: March 2023

Robinia pseudoacacia flowers have attracted much attention because of numerous bioactivities. In this study, its extract showed the potential scavenging ability for 2,2′‐azinobis‐(3‐ethylbenzthiazoline‐6‐sulphonate) and 1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl free radicals. Under the guidance of antioxidant activity, the antioxidant extract was enriched by liquid‐liquid extraction. The partition coefficients of the two main components in antioxidant extracts differed greatly, so in this study, elution‐extrusion counter‐current chromatography with the solvent system of n‐hexane‐ethyl acetate‐methanol‐water (2.5:5:2.5:5, v/v) was used to enhance the separation efficiency, and the two main components were successfully obtained. Among them, kaempferol showed strong antioxidant activity, which can be responsible for the activity of the extract. In order to deeply understand the antioxidant mechanism of kaempferol, the thermodynamics, frontier molecular orbital, and kinetics of scavenging free radicals were investigated by density functional theory. The results showed that 4′‐OH in kaempferol was the most active group, which can scavenge free radicals by hydrogen atom transfer in non‐polar solvents and activate 3‐OH to generate double hydrogen atom transfer in the gas phase. But in polar solvents, it was more inclined to clear radicals through single electron transfer and proton transfer. The kinetic result showed that kaempferol needed 9.17 kcal/mol of activation energy to scavenge free radicals.