bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Isolation and biochemical characterization of endophytic bacterium Gluconacetobacter diazotrophocusfrom native sugarcane cultivar of middle Gangetic plains of India
Authors: Kumar Ajeet , Meena Sunita Kumari , Sinha S.K. , Singh A.K. , Minnatullah  , Singh Sanjay Kumar 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Nitrogenous fertilizer is one of the dominating fertilizers, having indirect negative effect on soil health. The concept of nitrogen fixation through endophytic bacterium has been gaining popularity among farming as well as scientific community. Sugarcane which is known as high nitrogen input crop, so here its supplementation plays very promising role through endophytic. So the alternative option of this fertilizer is Gluconacetobacter. This bacterium has the plant growth promoting capacity by production of phytohormones such as auxins and gibberellins. The present study is on the isolation, biochemical characterization and screening of endophytic bacterium, was isolated from different sugarcane cultivar (roots, stem and leaf). Total 115 isolates screened, out of which 15 efficient isolates were selected based on production of growth promoting hormones. An isolate from sugarcane cultivar CoP-9301, GdS08S fixed highest amount of nitrogen i.e., 153μg of N/mg of Carbon used maximum concentration of Indole acetic acid (7.58μg/ml) while isolate GdS15S produced highest concentration of Gibberellic acid (8.19μg/25ml) which was isolated from stem part of sugarcane cultiar Co-0238. The isolate GdS07R showed highest diameter () of phosphorus and zinc solubilization zone i.e. 4.22 cm and 4.52 cm respectively. The G. diazotrophicus is found within the plant tissue, the biosynthesis of IAA and GA suggests that the bacteria could promote rooting, cell elongation and improve sugarcane growth by direct effects on metabolic processes, in addition to their role in N fixation. The best 15 screened isolate have been tested for production of organic acid (Tartaric, Fumaric, Malonic, Gluconic, Citric, and Lactic) and titratable acidity. Our results showed the importance of endophytic bacterium Gluconacetobacter diazotrophocusisolated from native sugarcane cultivars in flourishing microbial communities under intensive sugarcane cultivation system which may be act as key factor in development of more sustainable practices to feed a burgeoning population of middle gangetic plains of India. The isolated endophytic bacterium is a nitrogen fixing bacterium found in monocotyledon sugarcane plants, which actively fixes atmosphere nitrogen and provides significant amounts of nitrogen to growing crops.
Effect of loading rate on the dislocation emission from crack-tip under hydrogen environment
Authors: Zhao Kai , Zhao Fan , Lin Qi , Li Xiangdong , Xiao Jingping , Gu Yunjun , Chen Qifeng 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

The interplay between H atoms and crack-tip plasticity is essential to understand hydrogen embrittlement. By formulating a novel closed-form energy-based analytical model, the effect of hydrogen on the emission of dislocations in the vicinity of a crack-tip is investigated. Using fcc Ni as model material, the analytical model predicts that the critical radius of stably developed dislocation loop decreases with applied Mode-I stress intensity factor (SIF) KI. Combined with transition state theory, it is found that the most probable Mode-I SIF of Ni-H system increases with H concentration under lower loading rates, but is not sensitive to the H content under higher loading rates. Further atomistic simulations show that, 1) the critical SIF required for dislocation emission does not vary significantly with H concentration; 2) the dislocation loop is emitted from the crack-tip along the (111) slip plane at ~ KIe = 0.58~0.64 MPa√m, which is consistent with the present theoretical prediction ~ 0.63 MPa√m. This results thus indicate that the crack-tip plasticity is suppressed by the H insertion (i.e. the Song-Curtin nanohydride formation mechanism) under lower loading rates, but might not be influenced under higher loading rates.
Teaching a Graduate-level Research Methodology Course with Comprehensive COVID-19 Precautions: Implications for Safety Knowledge, Attitudes, Behavior, and Inclusivity
Authors: Hoerger MSCR PhD Michael 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background University instructors experience uncertainty regarding how to teach in person in effective, safe, and health-inclusive ways during periods of high COVID-19 transmission. This article provides a blueprint for implementing proven COVID-19 safety precautions based on a small graduate-level health psychology research methods course in 2023. Method The article describes communication with students regarding safety precautions, a COVID-19 safety video, and in-class safety precautions. Students (n = 11) completed outcome measures that included COVID-19 safety knowledge at baseline, post-video, and 2-months follow-up. They also completed measures of attitudes and behaviors and perceptions of health inclusivity at two-months follow-up and end-of-semester course evaluations. Results COVID-19 safety knowledge increased from 55.5% at baseline to 93.6% and 87.3% at post-test and follow-up,ps < .001. Students masked better (72.7%), promoted improved indoor air quality (90.9%), changed testing strategies (45.5%), helped others manage risk (27.3%), helped others to understand Long COVID (54.5%), and rated the course as more health-inclusive than their other courses (100%). Course evaluations were highly favorable, with 89.3% of all ratings and 96.4% of target ratings as at least a 4 out of 5. Discussion This article provides an illustrative example of how to implement an effective, safe, and health-inclusive learning environment in a university classroom during the ongoing COVID-19 airborne infectious disease pandemic. Students experienced improved knowledge of COVID-19 safety, changed attitudes and behaviors, found the class more inclusive than others, and evaluated the course favorably. Findings have implications for instructors wishing to improve classroom safety, collective bargaining negotiations, and future legal cases. Public Significance Statement: This article provides practical guidance on teaching in ways that are effective, safe, and inclusive during the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings show that the course made students more knowledgeable about the pandemic, improved attitudes and behavior surrounding pandemic precautions, and led students to view the course as inclusive to people with health vulnerabilities.
Socially Responsible Businesses and Innovation Activity in Mexico: Do New Models Reduce CO2 Emissions?
Authors: German-Soto Vicente 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

This research investigates whether regions with a greater presence of socially responsible businesses (SRBs) and higher levels of innovation activity produce less CO2. SRBs create added social value and protect and care for the environment. This study adopts the empirical strategy of first identifying the companies among the 500 largest Mexican firms with an SRB distinction. Next, the SRBs are classified by state and source of capital (foreign or domestic). The sample represents 21 of the 32 Mexican states during the period 2010–2020. To reduce heterogeneity in the database and make the estimates more precise, regression models are based on the principal components method. The results confirm the effectiveness of SRBs at reducing CO2 emissions, with profitability and innovation estimated to have a greater impact than solvency and business growth. Source of capital did not change these findings, although the source of reductions differed. For domestic firms, most reductions derive from return on equity; for foreign firms, the reductions are most associated with innovation. In Mexico, the search for profitability can be achieved with social responsibility and environmental care, but this requires involving more organizations that prioritize the use of innovative techniques.
A rainfall-runoff simulation for semi-arid, large-size watershed area: a case study at Manjira River, India
Authors: Nagure A. S. , Shahapure S. S. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Extreme weather conditions like floods and droughts call for careful planning and management of water resources in order to prevent fatalities and other negative effects. Modern soft computing and machine learning approaches have provided a solution for simulating these hydrological phenomena despite the complexity and non-linear character of these phenomena, which depend on diverse parameters. Distributed or semi-distributed models for large-size watershed areas with geographical irregularity and heterogeneity necessitate a substantial amount of high-quality spatial data. This research uses 40 years (1981–2020) of daily rainfall-runoff data to illustrate the application of two data-driven models, random forest regression (RFR) and feed-forward neural network (FFNN), for semi-arid, large-size watershed areas. To understand the effect of input data, different input–output combinations were considered to simulate eight rainfall-runoff models. Results show that both RFR and FFNN models have successfully performed but RFR model performance is best with correlation coefficient values of 0.9928 (M6) and 0.9926 (M1).
Effects of Conjugation of Ferrocene and Gallic Acid On
desCys11/Lys12/Lys13-(p-BthTX-I)2K Peptide: Structure, Permeabilization
and Antibacterial Activity
Authors: Pereira Marina Rodrigues , dos Santos Vanessa Rodrigues , de Oliveira Warlley Campos , Duque Cristiane , da Silva Benise Ferreira , Santos-Filho Norival Alves , Carneiro Victor Alves , Lorenzón Esteban Nicolás , Cilli Eduardo Maffud 
Published: July 2023

Background:
Antimicrobial resistance is an emerging global health challenge that has
led researchers to study alternatives to conventional antibiotics. A promising alternative is antimicrobial
peptides (AMPs), produced as the first line of defense by almost all living organisms. To
improve its biological activity, the conjugation of AMPs is a promising approach.

Objective:
In this study, we evaluated the N-terminal conjugation of p-Bt (a peptide derived from
Bothrops Jararacuçu`s venom) with ferrocene (Fc) and gallic acid (GA). Acetylated and linear versions
of p-Bt were also synthesized to evaluate the importance of N-terminal charge and dimeric
structure.

Methods:
The compounds were obtained using solid-phase peptide synthesis. Circular dichroism,
vesicle permeabilization, antimicrobial activity, and cytotoxicity studies were conducted.

Results:
No increase in antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli was observed by adding either
Fc or GA to p-Bt. However, Fc-p-Bt and GA-p-Bt exhibited improved activity against Staphylococcus
aureus. No cytotoxicity upon fibroblast was observed for GA-p-Bt. On the other hand,
conjugation with Fc increased cytotoxicity. This toxicity may be related to the membrane permeabilization
capacity of this bioconjugate, which showed the highest carboxyfluorescein leakage in vesicle
permeabilization experiments.

Conclusion:
Considering these observations, our findings highlight the importance of adding bioactive
organic compounds in the N-terminal position as a tool to modulate the activity of AMPs.
Biological Importance of Phellodendrine in Traditional and Modern Medicines:
An Update on Therapeutic Potential in Medicine
Authors: Patel Kanika , Patel Dinesh Kumar 
Published: July 2023

Background:
Herbal medicines have been used for the preparation of numerous pharmaceutical
products for the treatment of human disorders. Plant-derived products have been used
in medicine, nutraceuticals, perfumery, beverages, and cosmetics industries for different purposes.
Herbal medicines are mainly derived from different parts of plant materials. Phellodendron bark
has been widely known as one of the fundamental herbs of traditional Chinese medicine. Phellodendron
bark contains phellodendrine as a main active phytochemical. Phellodendrine
((7S,13aS)-3,10-dimethoxy-7-methyl-6,8,13,13atetrahydro-5H-isoquinolino[2,1-b]isoquinolin-7-
ium-2,11-diol), is a quaternary ammonium alkaloid.

Methods:
This present study aimed to investigate the biological potential and therapeutic effectiveness
of phellodendrine in medicine through scientific data analysis of different research works
on phellodendrine. The therapeutic value of phellodendrine was analyzed in the present work
through scientific data available in Google, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and PubMed. All the
scientific data on phellodendrine were collected from these databases using the terms herbal drugs
and phellodendrine. Pharmacological and analytical data of phellodendrine were analyzed in the
present work in order to know the medicinal importance of phellodendrine.

Results:
Scientific data analysis of phellodendrine in the present work signified the biological importance
of phellodendrine in medicine. Phellodendrine has numerous beneficial aspects in medicine
due to its potential benefits in ulcerative colitis, inflammation, pancreatic cancer, nephritis, immune
response, acetylcholinesterase activity, psoriasis, arthritis, atopic dermatitis, and oxidative
stress. However, it also has significant effects on eicosanoid generation, neuraminidase-1, inflammasome
generation, cytochrome p450, taste receptors, and hepatic gluconeogenesis. Furthermore,
scientific data has indicated the presence of phellodendrine in different natural sources, including
Phellodendri cortex. Analytical data on phellodendrines has signified their importance in the isolation
and separation of pure phytochemicals in medicine. Pharmacokinetic parameters have highlighted
the tissue distribution of phellodendrine in different tissue of human beings and higher animals.

Conclusion:
In the present work, scientific data analysis has indicated the biological importance,
pharmacological activities, and analytical aspects of phellodendrine in medicine.
Solid-phase Spectrophotometric Determination of Synthetic Food Colourants
in Confectionery Products
Authors: Saranchina Nadezhda Vasilievna , Chubik Marianna Valerianovna , Ilyina Anzhelika Mikhailovna , Volgina Tatyana Nikolaevna , Gavrilenko Natalia Airatovna , Gavrilenko Mikhail Alekseevich 
Published: July 2023

Abstract:
We suggest a simple method of solid-phase spectrophotometric determination of the
following synthetic food colourants: quinoline yellow Е104, sunset yellow FCF Е110, Ponceau 4R
Е124, patent blue V Е131, brilliant blue FCF Е133.

Methods:
The method implies the use of a polymethacrylate matrix for solid-phase extraction of
these colourants from confectionery products.

Results:
While the contact time for the matrix and the colourant solution was 15 minutes, the
detection limits were 1.7; 1.6; 5.8; 2.9; 2.9 mg·L–1 for colourants E104, E110, E124, E131, E133,
correspondingly. The standard deviation of the results by determination of synthetic food
colourants in confectionery products did not exceed 13 %.

Conclusion:
Compared to spectrophotometric determination involving liquid solvent extraction,
the method of determination of synthetic colourants we developed offers the following advantages:
sufficient increase of determination sensitivity, which results from accumulation of the analyte and
elimination of the possible aliquote turbidity as well as zero colourant loss by absorption into
supernatant liquid and the solid phase of the matrix.
Biological Applications of Ore Materials: Chili Absorption of Natural MG
and ZN Ions Released from Modified Serpentinite Powders
Authors: Hung Fei-Shuo 
Published: July 2023

Introduction:
This study investigated the characteristics of the powder, the concentration
of the ions, and the growth characteristics of Chili that were irrigated with the natural magnesium–
zinc ionised water. The findings revealed that the ion dissolution rate was higher for greater
water temperatures.

Methods:
Extended sintering of the zinc-modified natural serpentinite powder at 400°C reduced
the number of dissolved magnesium ions and increased the number of dissolved zinc ions. The
Chili planting experiment was performed with two groups: 1) Chili irrigated with natural magnesium–
zinc ionised water (natural magnesium–zinc Chili) and 2) Chili irrigated with distilled water
(distilled-water Chili).

Results:
The natural magnesium–zinc Chilis were discovered to have higher concentrations of
magnesium and zinc ions in various parts. Furthermore, during the later stages of growth, the natural
magnesium–zinc Chili had a larger body and did not easily turn yellow, resulting in better
freshness. This study used modified serpentine powder to cultivate natural magnesium–zinc Chili.
Appropriate powder roasting conditions and the rates of magnesium and zinc dissolution were established,
and the growth characteristics of natural magnesium–zinc Chili were determined.

Conclusion:
The Chilis can help humans ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at
all ages by sufficient zinc and magnesium intake.
An Evidence Base for Heart Disease Prevention using a Mediterranean
Diet Comprised Primarily of Vegetarian Food
Authors: Gupta Umesh C. , Gupta Subhas C. , Gupta Shayle S. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract:
Dietary patterns, nutrition, physical activity, air pollution, tobacco smoke, ethnicity
and genetics affect heart disease. Vegetarian food diets are one of the important factors in its
prevention and control. People living in the five blue zones, mostly consuming the Mediterranean
diet (MedDiet), have the highest longevity in the world and the least incidence of heart disease.
There are several forms of heart pathology, e.g., the most common coronary heart disease,
myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, heart valve disease and abnormal heart rhythms.
Heart disease is the leading cause of death in the world and varies by race, where indigenous and
people of color have a higher risk for its complications than the white population. The morbidity
of cardiovascular pathology in the Afro-American community persists high and is a primary
source of disparities in life expectancy between Afro-Americans and whites in the United States.
Adherence to healthy diets higher in vegetable foods and lower in animal foods is correlated with
a lower risk of cardiovascular disease, morbidity and mortality in the general population. A detailed
literature review was performed of the Medline, EMBASE, and Ebsco databases to synthesize
and compare evidence on this topic to produce a review of the importance of a Mediterranean
diet in the prevention of heart disease. Consumption of a MedDiet consisting of fruits and
vegetables (including berries due to their high fibre and antioxidant content), nuts, whole grains,
leafy greens, beans like chickpeas, eggplants, Greek yogurt and extra virgin olive oil are associated
with longer life and lower incidence of heart disease. The latter diet is superior to consuming
large quantities of meat and refined carbohydrates, such as sucrose, high fructose corn syrup
and grains that have had the fibrous and nutritious parts removed.
Performance of ChatGPT on the Situational Judgement Test—A Professional Dilemmas–Based Examination for Doctors in the United Kingdom
Authors: Borchert Robin J , Hickman Charlotte R , Pepys Jack , Sadler Timothy J 
Published: July 2023

Background
ChatGPT is a large language model that has performed well on professional examinations in the fields of medicine, law, and business. However, it is unclear how ChatGPT would perform on an examination assessing professionalism and situational judgement for doctors.

Objective
We evaluated the performance of ChatGPT on the Situational Judgement Test (SJT): a national examination taken by all final-year medical students in the United Kingdom. This examination is designed to assess attributes such as communication, teamwork, patient safety, prioritization skills, professionalism, and ethics.

Methods
All questions from the UK Foundation Programme Office’s (UKFPO’s) 2023 SJT practice examination were inputted into ChatGPT. For each question, ChatGPT’s answers and rationales were recorded and assessed on the basis of the official UK Foundation Programme Office scoring template. Questions were categorized into domains of Good Medical Practice on the basis of the domains referenced in the rationales provided in the scoring sheet. Questions without clear domain links were screened by reviewers and assigned one or multiple domains. ChatGPT's overall performance, as well as its performance across the domains of Good Medical Practice, was evaluated.

Results
Overall, ChatGPT performed well, scoring 76% on the SJT but scoring full marks on only a few questions (9%), which may reflect possible flaws in ChatGPT’s situational judgement or inconsistencies in the reasoning across questions (or both) in the examination itself. ChatGPT demonstrated consistent performance across the 4 outlined domains in Good Medical Practice for doctors.

Conclusions
Further research is needed to understand the potential applications of large language models, such as ChatGPT, in medical education for standardizing questions and providing consistent rationales for examinations assessing professionalism and ethics.
Effect of Technology and Digital Media Use on Adolescent Health and Development: Protocol for a Multimethod Longitudinal Study
Authors: Cascio Christopher N , Selkie Ellen , Moreno Megan A 
Published: July 2023

Background
Technology and digital media (TDM) use is integral to modern adolescence; adolescents have been labeled as “digital natives,” since they have had exposure to digital technology for their entire lives. Previous evidence has illustrated TDM’s connections with adolescent risk behaviors such as increased alcohol use and social media exposure, as well as relationships with adolescent well-being such as improved socioemotional health and social media connections with peers. Although several recent review articles have described both the benefits and risks of technology use, most individual studies adopt a singular risk-centered approach. In addition, reviews suggest that little evidence exists on the potential mediating and moderating factors between TDM use and well-being and health outcomes, which limits our understanding of what influences the outcomes of interest. Therefore, there is an urgent need to fill these gaps.

Objective
This protocol addresses the need to understand how TDM exposure and use affect multiple developmental domains and health outcomes. We address the fragmented nature of previous research, the common focus on single behaviors or conditions, and the typical narrow lens on risks. Our approach further aligns with reviews that called for studies identifying and investigating the factors that moderate the relationships between social media and health behaviors and outcomes.

Methods
We will address our objective by longitudinally examining over a 2-year period a common set of adolescent participants (N=400, aged 13-15 years) across 3 studies that adopt a multimethodological approach. Study 1 will use TDM to understand the mechanisms behind adolescent health and risk behaviors. Study 2 will use functional magnetic resonance imaging to understand how positive and negative TDM experiences relate to mental and behavioral health in a subsample of 150 adolescents. Study 3 will use a mixed methods design to evaluate self- and other-generated TDM content as the predictors of socioemotional well-being in sexual and gender minority and non–sexual and gender minority adolescents.

Results
Recruitment is ongoing, and the initial results from the first wave of recruitment are expected in 2024.

Conclusions
This integrated approach to longitudinal data collection from a shared adolescent participant pool will lead to novel analyses and findings, allowing for the examination of the health and well-being risks and benefits associated with TDM use and factors that moderate these relationships. The findings from this study will advance conceptual models and inform new interventions to improve adolescent health.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/50984