bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Body temperature and infection in critically ill patients on continuous kidney replacement therapy
Authors: Challener Douglas W. , Gao Xiaolan , Tehranian Shahrzad , Kashani Kianoush B. , O’Horo John C. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Continuous kidney replacement therapy (CKRT) is an increasingly common intervention for critically ill patients with kidney failure. Because CKRT affects body temperature, detecting infections in patients on CKRT is challenging. Understanding the relation between CKRT and body temperature may facilitate earlier detection of infection.

Methods
We retrospectively reviewed adult patients (≥ 18 years) admitted to the intensive care unit at Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota, from December 1, 2006, through November 31, 2015, who required CKRT. We summarized central body temperatures for these patients according to the presence or absence of infection.

Results
We identified 587 patients who underwent CKRT during the study period, of whom 365 had infections, and 222 did not have infections. We observed no statistically significant differences in minimum (P = .70), maximum (P = .22), or mean (P = .55) central body temperature for patients on CKRT with infection vs. those without infection. While not on CKRT (before CKRT initiation and after cessation), all three body temperature measurements were significantly higher in patients with infection than in those without infection (all P < .02).

Conclusion
Body temperature is insufficient to indicate an infection in critically ill patients on CKRT. Clinicians should remain watchful for other signs, symptoms, and indications of infection in patients on CKRT because of expected high infection rates.
Preclinical studies of toxicity and anti-cholangiocarcinoma activity of the standardized capsule formulation of Atractylodes lancea (Thunb.) DC
Authors: Plengsuriyakarn Tullayakorn , Kotawong Kanawut , Karbwang Juntra , Na-Bangchang Kesara 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), the adenocarcinoma of the biliary duct, is commonly reported in Asia, with the highest incidence in northeastern Thailand. Chemotherapy of CCA has been limited by the lack of effective chemotherapeutic drugs. A series of previous in vitro and in vivo studies support further research and development of Atractylodes lancea (Thunb.) DC. (AL) as a potential candidate for treating CCA as a crude ethanolic extract. In the present study, we evaluated the toxicity and anti-CCA activity of the CMC (Chemistry, Manufacturing, and Control) capsule formulation of the ethanolic rhizome extract of AL (CMC-AL) in animals.

Methods
Major steps included acute, subchronic and chronic toxicity testing in Wistar rats and anti-CCA activity in a CCA-xenografted nude mouse model. The safety of CMC-AL was determined based on the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) according to the OECD guideline. The anti-CCA activity of CMC-AL in nude mice was evaluated after transplantation of CL-6 cells to evaluate inhibitory effects on tumor size progression and metastasis and survival time prolongation. Safety assessments included hematology, biochemistry parameters and histopathological examination. Lung metastasis was investigated using VEGF ELISA kit.

Results
All evaluations confirmed satisfactory pharmaceutical properties of oral formulation and safety profile of the CMC-AL with no overt toxicity up to the MTD and NOAEL of 5,000 and 3,000 mg/kg body weight, respectively. CMC-AL exhibited potent anti-CCA efficacy with regard to inhibitory activity on tumor progression and lung metastasis.

Conclusions
CMC-AL is safe and should be further investigated in a clinical trial as a potential therapy for CCA patients.
Zidovudine and Interferon Alfa based regimens for the treatment of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL): a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Shafiee Arman , Seighali Niloofar , Taherzadeh-ghahfarokhi Nooshin , Mardi Shayan , Shojaeian Sorour , Shadabi Shahrzad , Hasani Mahsa , Haghi Sabahat , Mozhgani Sayed-Hamidreza 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
ATLL (Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma) is an aggressive hematological malignancy. This T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma, caused by the human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1), is challenging to treat. There is no known treatment for ATLL as of yet. However, it is recommended to use Zidovudine and Interferon Alfa-based regimens (AZT/IFN), chemotherapy, and stem cell transplant. This study aims to review the outcome of patients with different subtypes of ATLL treated with Zidovudine and Interferon Alfa-based regimens.

Methods
A systematic search was carried out for articles evaluating outcomes of ATLL treatment by AZT/IFN agents on human subjects from January 1, 2004, until July 1, 2022. Researchers assessed all studies regarding the topic, followed by extracting the data. A random-effects model was used in the meta-analyses.

Results
We obtained fifteen articles on the AZT/IFN treatment of 1101 ATLL patients. The response rate of the AZT/IFN regimen yielded an OR of 67% [95% CI: 0.50; 0.80], a CR of 33% [95% CI: 0.24; 0.44], and a PR of 31% [95% CI: 0.24; 0.39] among individuals who received this regimen at any point during their treatment. Our subgroup analyses’ findings demonstrated that patients who received front-line and combined AZT/IFN therapy responded better than those who received AZT/IFN alone. It is significant to note that patients with indolent subtypes of disease had considerably higher response rates than individuals with aggressive disease.

Conclusion
IFN/AZT combined with chemotherapy regimens is an effective treatment for ATLL patients, and its use in the early stages of the disease may result in a greater response rate.
Effect of Schatzker type VI tibial plateau fractures combined with a proximal fibular and/or posterolateral joint facet fracture on early postoperative functional recovery
Authors: Wang Xuezi , Yang Hu , Xu Chungui , Xu Xinzhong , Zhang Chun , Jing Juehua 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of proximal fibular and/or posterolateral joint facet (PJF) fractures on early functional recovery after Schatzker type VI tibial plateau fractures (TPFs).

Methods
Seventy-nine patients with Schatzker type VI TPFs sustained from November 2016 to February 2021 were divided into three groups according to the integrity of the proximal fibula and PJF (groups A, B, and C). Details including demographics, duration of surgery, and complications were recorded. The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis index (WOMAC) score, Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) score, lateral knee pain and lateral hamstring tightness were ascertained at the final follow-up. The HSS and WOMAC scores have high reliability in evaluating knee function and osteoarthritis.

Results
There was a significant difference in the HSS score between groups A and C (P < 0.001) and between groups B and C (P = 0.036). The hospital stay was significantly different between groups A and C (P = 0.038) and between groups B and C (P = 0.013). There was a significant difference in lateral knee pain and lateral hamstring tightness between groups A and C (P < 0.001) and between groups B and C (P < 0.001).

Conclusion
Our study demonstrates that proximal fibular and PJF fractures do not increase the time from injury to surgery, the incidence of complications, or the duration of surgery for Schatzker type VI TPFs. However, fractures of the proximal fibula significantly increase the hospital stay, reduce knee function, and cause lateral knee pain and lateral hamstring tightness. Combined proximal fibular fracture is more decisive than PJF involvement for prognosis.
Effect of buttress plate in Herscovici type D vertical medial malleolar fractures and peripheral fractures: a retrospective comparative cohort study
Authors: Luo Bing , Wang Yuqi , Wang Dewei 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
The purpose of current retrospective study was to review the surgical methods and to evaluate the clinical efficacy of supporting plate for the treatment of vertical medial malleolus fractures on the basis of stable fixation of ipsilateral fibula.

Methods
This retrospective study included a total of 191 patients with vertical medial malleolus fractures. Patients enrolled were divided into simple vertical medial malleolus fractures and complex types of fractures. General demographic information and surgical information, including age, sex, surgical procedure and postoperative complications, were collected. The functional prognosis of patients was evaluated by American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society Ankle-Hindfoot Score (AOFAS) and Visual Analog Scale (VAS).

Result
Among patients with simple vertical fractures, the respective incidence of internal fixation failure in screw group, buttress plate group, and screw combined buttress plate fixation group (combined fixation group) was 10/61 (16.4%),1/54 (7.4%) and 1 (1.9%), and the difference was statistically significant (P = 0.024). The incidence of abnormal fracture growth and healing in screw group, buttress plate group and combined fixation group was, respectively, 13/61 (21.3%), 6/54 (12.5%) and 2 (3.85%), with statistically significant difference (P = 0.019). In the patients with complex types of fractures, after 2 years of postoperative follow-up, the AOFAS score and VAS score of the following subgroups had good results: 91.18 ± 6.05 and 2.18 ± 1.08 in patients with joint surface collapse, and 92.50 ± 4.80 and 2.50 ± 1.29 in patients with tibial fractures, with 100% excellent and good rate.

Conclusion
For simple and complex vertical medial malleolus fractures, buttress plate showed excellent fixation. Despite poor wound healing and extensive soft tissue dissection with this approach, buttress plate may provide a novel insight into medial malleolar fractures, especially for extremely unstable medial malleolar fractures.
Decontamination protocols affect the internal microbiota of ticks
Authors: Fernández-Ruiz Natalia , Pinecki-Socias Sophia , Estrada-Peña Agustín , Wu-Chuang Alejandra , Maitre Apolline , Obregón Dasiel , Cabezas-Cruz Alejandro , de Blas Ignacio , Nijhof Ard M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractStudies on the microbiota of ticks have promoted hypotheses about the combined effects of the bacterial community, its functional contributions to the tick’s physiology or probable competition effects with some tick-borne pathogens. However, knowledge on the origin of the microbiota of newly hatched larvae is missing. This study aimed to elucidate the source(s) of the microbiota in unfed tick larvae, addressing the composition of the “core microbiota” and the best ways to decontaminate eggs for microbiota studies. We applied laboratory degree bleach washes and/or ultraviolet light treatments on engorged Rhipicephalus australis females and/or their eggs. No significant effects of these treatments on the reproductive parameters of females and the hatching rates of eggs were observed. However, the different treatments did show striking effects on the composition of the microbiota. The results indicated that bleach washes disrupted the internal tick microbiota in females, implying that bleach may have entered the tick and subsequently affected the microbiota. Furthermore, the analyses of results demonstrated that the ovary is a main source of tick microbiota, while the contribution of Gené’s organ (a part of the female reproductive system that secretes a protective wax coat onto tick eggs) or the male’s spermatophore requires further investigation. Further studies are needed to identify best practice protocols for the decontamination of ticks for microbiota studies.
Graphical Abstract
A virtual biopsy study of microsatellite instability in gastric cancer based on deep learning radiomics
Authors: Jiang Zinian , Xie Wentao , Zhou Xiaoming , Pan Wenjun , Jiang Sheng , Zhang Xianxiang , Zhang Maoshen , Zhang Zhenqi , Lu Yun , Wang Dongsheng 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Objectives
This study aims to develop and validate a virtual biopsy model to predict microsatellite instability (MSI) status in preoperative gastric cancer (GC) patients based on clinical information and the radiomics of deep learning algorithms.

Methods
A total of 223 GC patients with MSI status detected by postoperative immunohistochemical staining (IHC) were retrospectively recruited and randomly assigned to the training (n = 167) and testing (n = 56) sets in a 3:1 ratio. In the training set, 982 high-throughput radiomic features were extracted from preoperative abdominal dynamic contrast-enhanced CT (CECT) and screened. According to the deep learning multilayer perceptron (MLP), 15 optimal features were optimized to establish the radiomic feature score (Rad-score), and LASSO regression was used to screen out clinically independent predictors. Based on logistic regression, the Rad-score and clinically independent predictors were integrated to build the clinical radiomics model and visualized as a nomogram and independently verified in the testing set. The performance and clinical applicability of hybrid model in identifying MSI status were evaluated by the area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUC) curve, calibration curve, and decision curve (DCA).

Results
The AUCs of the clinical image model in training set and testing set were 0.883 [95% CI: 0.822–0.945] and 0.802 [95% CI: 0.666–0.937], respectively. This hybrid model showed good consistency in the calibration curve and clinical applicability in the DCA curve, respectively.

Conclusions
Using preoperative imaging and clinical information, we developed a deep-learning-based radiomics model for the non-invasive evaluation of MSI in GC patients. This model maybe can potentially support clinical treatment decision making for GC patients.

Graphical abstract
Cowpea cropping systems, traits preference and production constraints in the upper west region of Ghana: farmers' consultation and implications for breeding
Authors: Karikari Benjamin , Maale Margaret Delle , Anning Ebenezer , Akakpo Daniel Brain , Abujaja Afishata Mohammed , Addai Isaac Kwahene 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp) is used primarily as food for humans and feed for animals. It is also used for soil management within a cropping system. However, cowpea production is confronted with numerous challenges. As such farmers and consumers alike have certain preferences in terms of production and utilization. This present study investigated cowpea cropping systems, traits preference and production constraints among farmers in the Nandom, Lambusie and Lawra districts in the northern part of the Upper West Region of Ghana. A total of 306 farming households were sampled from the 3 chosen districts. Questionnaires and interviews were used for data collection. The IBM SPSS software, version 22, was employed to analyze the data using descriptive statistics, specifically frequencies, percentages and crosstabulations.

Results
The study’s results indicated that a majority (58.5%) of the cowpea farmers practice intercropping, whereas a minority (41.5%) practice sole cropping. The farmers intercropped cowpea with maize, millet, sorghum and yam. Farmers preferred cowpea varieties with the following traits: high yield, drought tolerance, early maturing, pest resistance, improve soil fertility, high price, high demand, better taste, less cooking time, storage quality, palatability and fast growing. Farmers indicated that susceptibility to storage pests, high pest incidence, late maturity, difficulty in harvesting, high input cost, small grain size, low yield, high disease incidence, poor colour, lack of improved variety, and drought are some constraints that hinder cowpea production.

Conclusion
Results indicate a need for behavioural change communication to assist cowpea farmers to adopt improved and appropriate cropping systems. Farmers should be involved in cowpea technology development in order to understand their preferences and constraints to enable subsequent adoption of such technologies. The results from this study call for an interdisciplinary committee to plan and breed cowpea varieties that meet the needs of the farmers.
Modified subcostal approach to anterior quadratus lumborum block for managing postoperative pain in patients undergoing open nephrectomy
Authors: Kaya Cengiz , Dost Burhan , Dokmeci Hilal , Ustun Yasemin Burcu , Ozkan Fatih 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Quadratus lumborum block is a relatively new truncal block and different approaches to this block have been described. With a recent modification to the subcostal approach to the anterior quadratus lumborum block (QLB3), the injection point was moved further cranially and medially, thereby aiming to enhance the spread of the local anesthetic into the thoracic paravertebral space. Although the level of blockade achieved with this modification seems sufficient for open nephrectomy, the modification is still for clinical evaluation. In this retrospective study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of the modified subcostal QLB3 approach on postoperative analgesia.

Methods
All adult patients who received a modified subcostal QLB3 for postoperative analgesia following open nephrectomy between January 2021- 2022 were retrospectively evaluated. Accordingly, total opioid consumption and pain scores during rest/activity within the first 24 h after surgery were evaluated.

Results
A total of 14 patients underwent open nephrectomy were analyzed. Pain scores within the first 6 h postoperatively, particularly the dynamic numeric rating scale (NRS) scores (4–6.5/10), were high. The median (interquartile range) resting and dynamic NRS scores for the first 24 h were 2.75 (1.79) and 3.91 (1.67), respectively. The mean ± standard deviation IV-morphine equivalent dose for the first 24 h was 30.9 ± 10.9 mg.

Conclusions
It was found that the modified subcostal QLB3 did not provide satisfactory analgesia in the early postoperative period. Further randomized studies that extensively investigate the postoperative analgesic efficacy are required to draw a stronger conclusion.
Pathological images machine learning and prediction of long-term efficacy for immunotherapy in small cell lung cancer.
Authors: Sato Yuki , Shibaki Ryota , Fujimoto Daichi , Nozawa Tsukasa , Hara Satoshi , Uchida Junji , Miyauchi Eisaku , Hiraoka Ryota , Daga Haruko , Masuda Takeshi , Tanaka Satoshi , Ikeda Satoshi , Saito Go , Suzuki Hidekazu , Sakata Shinya , Sakata Yoshihiko , Kijima Takashi , Yamamoto Nobuyuki , Koh Yasuhiro , Akamatsu Hiroaki 
Published: June 2023

8578 Background: In development of effective treatment such as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) among patients with small-cell lung cancer (SCLC), the absence of biomarkers is critical. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes are the main activator of antitumor immunity and could be a promising biomarker if TIL can be objectively assessed throughout the whole tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). To evaluate TIME, pathological assessment is one of the easiest ways. Recently, several studies showed that machine learning analysis can assess type of lymphocytes and their localization in pathological images. Here, we aimed to develop a novel biomarker to predict efficacy of ICI in SCLC using machine learning of pathological images. Methods: This study was a biomarker analysis of the APOLLO study which was 32-centered, prospective cohort study of patients with extensive-stage SCLC who received chemo-immunotherapy as the first-line treatment between September 2019 and September 2020. The patient who can provide sufficient tumor tissue sample from the primary tumor were enrolled. We trained a classifier which predicts 365-day progression-free survival (PFS) by all three types of pathological images (hematoxylin and eosin, programmed death-ligand 1, and CD8_FoxP3) and patient information, and developed the patient information model, pathological image model, and combination model. We used the area under the curves (AUC) to evaluate the machine learning models. Results: Of 78 patients, the median age was 78 (interquartile range, 48-87), 65 patients (83%) were male, 67 patients (86%) had a performance status of 0 or 1, and three patients (3.8%) treated with steroid therapy. Among all patients, the median PFS and the 365-day PFS rates were 145 days and 10.3%. The mean AUC of these models was 0.789 (range, 0.571-0.982) in the patient information model, 0.782 (range, 0.750-0.911) in the pathological image model, and 0.868 (range, 0.786-0.929) in the combination model, respectively. According to the median precision model, the median PFS was longer for the high efficacy group than the low efficacy group (the patient information model; hazard ratio (HR) 0.468, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 0.287-0.762. the pathological image model; HR 0.334, 95%CI 0.117-0.628. the combination model; HR 0.353, 95%CI 0.195-0.637). Conclusions: Using machine learning by pathological images, we could predict the efficacy of immunotherapy in SCLC. This study demonstrated the potential of machine learning to help the biomarker development in SCLC by assessing TIME. Clinical trial information: UMIN000038064 .
Prognostic factors of overall survival (OS) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients after failure on immune checkpoint inhibitors (IO) treated with anticancer vaccine OSE2101 or chemotherapy (CT) in phase 3 ATALANTE-1 randomized trial.
Authors: Besse Benjamin , Felip Enriqueta , Campelo Rosario Garcia , Cobo Manuel , Mascaux Celine , Madroszyk Anne , Cappuzzo Federico , Hilgers Werner , Romano Giampiero , Denis Fabrice , Viteri Ramirez Santiago , Debieuvre Didier , Razaq Mohammad , Schuette Wolfgang , Zer Alona , Attali Pierre , Montestruc François , Vasseur Berangere , Dziadziuszko Rafal , Giaccone Giuseppe 
Published: June 2023

e21037 Background: OSE2101 (Tedopi) is an anticancer vaccine that has shown an improvement in overall survival (OS) compared with Chemotherapy (CT) (HR 0.59; p = 0.017) in HLA-A2+ NSCLC patients with IO secondary resistance (ESMO 2021 #47LBA). The objective of this analysis was to identify the prognostic factors of OS in each treatment group. Methods: 118 NSCLC EGFR and ALK negative patients who progressed after sequential CT-IO and who received at least 12 weeks IO (defining IO secondary resistance), were randomized (2:1) in OSE2101 or SoC (docetaxel or pemetrexed). Stepwise multivariate analysis of OS was performed after the selection of factors with p > 0.10. Classical baseline factors (disease stage, histology, patient general status) and treatment effect, including best response (Complete Response CR, Partial Response PR, Stable Disease SD versus Progressive Disease PD), severe adverse events and ECOG PS deterioration, were studied and correlated to OS. Results: The statistically significant prognostic factors of OS in multivariate analysis are described in table below. When PS ≤1 was maintained, median OS with OSE2101 was 14.0 [11.1; 16.8] months and 6.3 [2.9; 8.2] when PS deteriorated > 1 (HR 0.23 [0.13; 0.41]); with CT, median OS was respectively 7.5 [4.4; 10.3] and 7.2 [2.3; 15.7] months (HR 0.92 [0.44; 1.96]). When best response to study treatment was CR/PR/SD, median OS with OSE2101 was 12.6 [8.8;16.8] months and 8.0 [5.5; 11.1] when best response was DP (HR 0.61 [0.36; 1.04]); with CT, median OS was respectively 9.8 [7.4; 13.8] and 5.0 [1.0; 7.2] months (HR 0.34 [0.14; 0.84]. Conclusions: Prognostic factors of OS differ between cancer vaccine OSE2101 and standard CT. Maintenance of good ECOG PS was the most important for OSE2101, while best response (CR/PR/SD) to treatment correlated with longer OS with CT and was not prognostic for OSE2101. This analysis supports the mechanism of action of the cancer vaccine in improving OS by controlling tumor growth regardless of best response. Clinical trial information: NCT02654587 . [Table: see text]