bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors associated with suicidal ideation and suicide attempts by Australian dental practitioners
Authors: Hopcraft Matthew S. , Stormon Nicole , McGrath Roisin , Parker Gordon 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIntroductionTo investigate factors associated with suicidal ideation and suicide attempts amongst Australian dental practitioners.MethodsA self‐reported online survey of 1474 registered dental practitioners in Australia was conducted from October to December 2021. Participants reported thoughts of suicide in the preceding 12 months, prior to the preceding 12 months and prior suicide attempts.ResultsOverall, 17.6% reported thoughts of suicide in the preceding 12 months, 31.4% prior to the preceding 12 months, and 5.6% reported ever having made a suicide attempt. In multivariate models, the odds of suicidal ideation in the preceding 12 months were higher in dental practitioners who were male (OR = 2.01), had a current diagnosis of depression (OR = 1.62), were experiencing moderate (OR = 2.76) or severe psychological distress (OR = 3.58), had self‐reported illicit substance use (OR = 2.06) or had previous self‐reported suicide attempts (OR = 3.02). Younger dental practitioners had more than twice the odds of recent suicidal ideation than those aged 61+ years, with higher resilience having decreasing odds of suicidal ideation.LimitationsThis study did not address help seeking behaviours directly related to suicidal ideation, so it is not clear how many participants were actively seeking mental health support. The response rate was low and results may be subject to responder biases, with practitioners experiencing depression, stress and burnout being more willing to participate.ConclusionThese finding highlight a high prevalence of suicidal ideation amongst Australian dental practitioners. It is important to continue to monitor their mental health and develop tailored programs to provide essential interventions and supports.
Impact of circadian rhythm and daytime variation on outcome after heart transplantation
Authors: Immohr Moritz Benjamin , Mehdiani Arash , Oehler Daniel , Hettlich Vincent Hendrik , Jenkins Freya Sophie , Westenfeld Ralf , Aubin Hug , Tudorache Igor , Boeken Udo , Lichtenberg Artur , Akhyari Payam 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIntroRecently, the impact of circadian rhythm and daytime variation on surgical outcomes has attracted interest. Although studies for coronary artery and aortic valve surgery report contrary results, effects on heart transplantation have not been studied.MethodsBetween 2010 and February 2022, 235 patients underwent HTx in our department. The recipients were reviewed and categorized according to the start of the HTx procedure – between 04:00 am and 11:59 am (morning, n = 79), 12:00 pm and 07:59 pm (afternoon, n = 68) or 08:00 pm and 03:59 am (night, n = 88).ResultsThe incidence of high urgency status was slightly but not significantly increased (p = .08) in the morning (55.7%), compared to the afternoon (41.2%) or night (39.8%). The most important donor and recipient characteristics were comparable among the three groups. The incidence of severe primary graft dysfunction (PGD) requiring extracorporeal life support (morning: 36.7%, afternoon: 27.3%, night: 23.0%, p = .15) was also similarly distributed. In addition, there were no significant differences for kidney failure, infections, and acute graft rejection. However, the incidence of bleeding that required rethoracotomy showed an increased trend in the afternoon (morning: 29.1%, afternoon: 40.9%, night: 23.0%, p = .06). 30‐day survival (morning: 88.6%, afternoon: 90.8%, night: 92.0%, p = .82) and 1‐year survival (morning: 77.5%, afternoon: 76.0%, night: 84.4%, p = .41) were comparable between all groups.ConclusionCircadian rhythm and daytime variation did not affect the outcome after HTx. Postoperative adverse events as well as survival were comparable throughout day‐ and night‐time. As the timing of the HTx procedure is rarely possible and depends on the timing of organ recovery, these results are encouraging, as they allow for the continuation of the prevalent practice.
Traits of dominant plant species drive normalized difference vegetation index in grasslands globally
Authors: Engel Thore , Bruelheide Helge , Hoss Daniela , Sabatini Francesco M. , Altman Jan , Arfin‐Khan Mohammed A. S. , Bergmeier Erwin , Černý Tomáš , Chytrý Milan , Dainese Matteo , Dengler Jürgen , Dolezal Jiri , Field Richard , Fischer Felícia M. , Huygens Dries , Jandt Ute , Jansen Florian , Jentsch Anke , Karger Dirk N. , Kattge Jens , Lenoir Jonathan , Lens Frederic , Loos Jaqueline , Niinemets Ülo , Overbeck Gerhard E. , Ozinga Wim A. , Penuelas Josep , Peyre Gwendolyn , Phillips Oliver , Reich Peter B. , Römermann Christine , Sandel Brody , Schmidt Marco , Schrodt Franziska , Velez‐Martin Eduardo , Violle Cyrille , Pillar Valério 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimTheoretical, experimental and observational studies have shown that biodiversity–ecosystem functioning (BEF) relationships are influenced by functional community structure through two mutually non‐exclusive mechanisms: (1) the dominance effect (which relates to the traits of the dominant species); and (2) the niche partitioning effect [which relates to functional diversity (FD)]. Although both mechanisms have been studied in plant communities and experiments at small spatial extents, it remains unclear whether evidence from small‐extent case studies translates into a generalizable macroecological pattern. Here, we evaluate dominance and niche partitioning effects simultaneously in grassland systems world‐wide.LocationTwo thousand nine hundred and forty‐one grassland plots globally.Time period2000–2014.Major taxa studiedVascular plants.MethodsWe obtained plot‐based data on functional community structure from the global vegetation plot database “sPlot”, which combines species composition with plant trait data from the “TRY” database. We used data on the community‐weighted mean (CWM) and FD for 18 ecologically relevant plant traits. As an indicator of primary productivity, we extracted the satellite‐derived normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) from MODIS. Using generalized additive models and deviation partitioning, we estimated the contributions of trait CWM and FD to the variation in annual maximum NDVI, while controlling for climatic variables and spatial structure.ResultsGrassland communities dominated by relatively tall species with acquisitive traits had higher NDVI values, suggesting the prevalence of dominance effects for BEF relationships. We found no support for niche partitioning for the functional traits analysed, because NDVI remained unaffected by FD. Most of the predictive power of traits was shared by climatic predictors and spatial coordinates. This highlights the importance of community assembly processes for BEF relationships in natural communities.Main conclusionsOur analysis provides empirical evidence that plant functional community structure and global patterns in primary productivity are linked through the resource economics and size traits of the dominant species. This is an important test of the hypotheses underlying BEF relationships at the global scale.
Advocacy intelligence and competition: Assessing lobbyists' sharing of tactical knowledge in focus group interviews
Authors: Junk Wiebke Marie , Berkhout Joost , Crepaz Michele , Hanegraaff Marcel 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAdvocacy intelligence is a critical organizational resource fostering long‐term survival and policy success. Policy‐active interest groups such as non‐profits, business associations and labor unions, seek to maintain their competitive advantage among peers and therefore have incentives to remain secretive about the details of their lobbying strategies and membership mobilization. We empirically evaluate this argument based on knowledge sharing interactions in 12 focus group interviews with approximately 50 representatives of interest groups in the Netherlands, Ireland and Denmark. Our research design manipulates the composition of the focus groups to vary the level of competition for political influence and membership among the participants. Strikingly, we find no evidence that either type of competition hampers knowledge sharing. Instead, our novel data point to three fruitful alternative explanations: the importance of socialization, mentorship and personalities of interest group leaders.
CD98 regulates the phosphorylation of HER2 and a bispecific anti‐HER2/CD98 antibody inhibits the growth signal of human breast cancer cells
Authors: Yamasaki Akitaka , Maruyama‐Takahashi Kumiko , Nishida Kento , Okazaki Shogo , Okita Kouki , Akiyama Yasutoshi , Suzuki Hideaki , Endo Yuichi , Masuko Kazue , Masuko Takashi , Tomioka Yoshihisa 
Published: February 2023

AbstractHuman epidermal growth factor receptor (HER) family proteins are currently major targets of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies against various epithelial cancers. However, the resistance of cancer cells to HER family‐targeted therapies, which may be caused by cancer heterogeneity and persistent HER phosphorylation, often reduces overall therapeutic effects. We herein showed that a newly discovered molecular complex between CD98 and HER2 affected HER function and cancer cell growth. The immunoprecipitation of the HER2 or HER3 protein from lysates of SKBR3 breast cancer (BrCa) cells revealed the HER2‐CD98 or HER3‐CD98 complex. The knockdown of CD98 by small interfering RNAs inhibited the phosphorylation of HER2 in SKBR3 cells. A bispecific antibody (BsAb) that recognized the HER2 and CD98 proteins was constructed from a humanized anti‐HER2 (SER4) IgG and an anti‐CD98 (HBJ127) single chain variable fragment, and this BsAb significantly inhibited the cell growth of SKBR3 cells. Prior to the inhibition of AKT phosphorylation, BsAb inhibited the phosphorylation of HER2, however, significant inhibition of HER2 phosphorylation was not observed in anti‐HER2 pertuzumab, trastuzumab, SER4 or anti‐CD98 HBJ127 in SKBR3 cells. The dual targeting of HER2 and CD98 has potential as a new therapeutic strategy for BrCa.
TEXTS AND TRADITIONS IN CHINESE AND COMPARATIVE PHILOSOPHY
Authors: Tan Sor‐hoon 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACTThis article considers Quentin Skinner's critique and methodology in his seminal essay “Meaning and Understanding in the History of Ideas” vis‐à‐vis the current methodological debates in Chinese and comparative philosophy. It surveys the different ways in which philosophers who work with ancient Chinese texts in those related fields deal with the tension between textual contexts and autonomy and how some of the errors criticized by Skinner under the mythology of coherence, mythology of doctrines, mythology of parochialism, and mythology of prolepsis might apply to those fields. It argues that Skinner's insistence that understanding a text requires recovering its author's intended meaning by studying its linguistic context has limited application to Chinese and comparative philosophy because those fields’ most important texts are not best understood as means of communication by specific historical authors with intended messages to convey to readers. These texts are instead the means by which Chinese traditions perpetuate their respective beliefs and practices. Instead of being circumscribed by authorial intent, the meanings of traditional texts are dynamic and co‐created in the process of producing, reproducing, and consuming texts as well as in the evolution of practices that also constitute each tradition. The meanings received by the audience are never exactly what authors or transmitters intended but have been transformed by each audience's own concerns and interests, even if the audience attempts to grasp what the former intended. Using the Five Classics and the Analects as examples, this article illustrates how such texts’ purposes to teach and perpetuate the practices that constitute a way of life determine their meanings. Understanding is not merely cognitive but practical as well. The meanings of such texts are not static but dynamic as traditions evolve. The debates about methods of reading and interpreting ancient Chinese texts are also debates about the nature of Chinese traditions and struggles over their futures.
Evaluation of environmental barrier coatings: A review
Authors: Xiao Shikang , Li Jianzhang , Huang Panxin , Zhang Antong , Tian Yuhang , Zhang Xu , Zhang Jingde , Ryu Jungho , Han Guifang 
Published: February 2023

AbstractEnvironmental barrier coatings (EBCs) greatly improve the service performance of SiC‐based ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) in high‐temperature combustion chambers. Working environments with physical ablation, high temperature, and chemical corrosion require the performance of designed EBC materials and/or structures to be properly evaluated before their real applications. In this paper, EBCs’ lifetime‐related phase stability, chemical compatibility, and microstructure retainability are discussed. And then, evaluation methods for basic and environmental properties of EBCs are thoroughly reviewed with newly proposed methods and improved techniques. Pros and cons of each method along with some potential strategies/techniques are also provided. We hope this article can give a timely and overall review for efficient and effective evaluation of EBCs and provide guidance not only for beginners but also for seasoned researchers when they design and develop high‐performance EBC systems.
T cells engineered with full‐length NKG2D linked to signaling domains of 4‐1BB and CD3ζ show enhanced antitumor activity
Authors: Teng Xia , Rong Zhuona , Li Shance , Yang Wenjun , Lu Zheming 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSince NKG2D ligands (NKG2DLs) are primarily overexpressed on multiple types of solid tumors but absent on most normal tissues, NKG2DLs could be optimal antigens for CAR‐T cells. To date, there have been two types of NKG2DL CARs: (i) the extracellular domain of NKG2D fused to the CD8a transmembrane domain, signaling domains of 4‐1BB and CD3ζ (NKBz) and (ii) full‐length NKG2D fused to the CD3ζ signaling domain (chNKz). Although NKBz‐ and chNKz‐engineered T cells both showed antitumor activities, a comparison of their functions has not been reported. In addition, use of the 4‐1BB signaling domain into the CAR construct could prolong the persistence and resistance to antitumor activities of CAR‐T cells, we designed a new NKG2DL CAR, full‐length NKG2D fused to the signaling domains of 4‐1BB and CD3ζ (chNKBz). Among the two types of NKG2DL CAR‐T cells reported in previous studies, we found that chNKz T cells had stronger antitumor ability than NKBz T cells in vitro, but their antitumor activity in vivo is similar. The chNKBz T cells showed antitumor activity superior to that of chNKz T cells and NKBz T cells in vitro and in vivo, providing a new option for the immunotherapy of NKG2DL‐positive tumor patients.
Front‐line health professionals' recognition and responses to nonfatal strangulation events: An integrative review
Authors: Donaldson Andrea Evelyn , Hurren Emily , Harvey Clare , Baldwin Adele , Solomon Bernadette 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to determine how front‐line health professionals identify and manage nonfatal strangulation events.DesignIntegrative review with narrative synthesis was conducted.Data SourcesA comprehensive database search was conducted in six electronic databases (CINAHL, Wed of Science, DISCOVER, SCOPUS, PubMed and Scholar) resulting in 49 potentially eligible full texts, reduced to 10 articles for inclusion after exclusion criteria were applied.Review MethodsAn integrative review was undertaken in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) Statement guidelines. Data were extracted, and a narrative synthesis using Whittemore and Knafl (2005) framework was undertaken to determine how front‐line health professionals identify and manage nonfatal strangulation events.ResultsThe findings identified three main themes: an overall failure by health professionals to recognize nonfatal strangulation, a failure to report the event and a failure to follow up on victims after the event. Stigma and predetermined beliefs around nonfatal strangulation, along with a lack of knowledge about signs and symptoms, were the salient features in the literature.ConclusionLack of training and fear of not knowing what to do next are barriers to providing care to victims of strangulation. Failure to detect, manage and support victims will continue the cycle of harm through the long‐term health effects of strangulation. Early detection and management of strangulation are essential to prevent health complications, particularly when the victims are exposed to such behaviours repeatedly.ImpactThis review appears to be the first to explore how health professionals identify and manage nonfatal strangulation. It identified the significant need for education and robust and consistent screening and discharge policies to assist health providers of services where victims of nonfatal strangulation attend.No Patient or Public ContributionThis review contains no patient or public contribution since it was examining health professionals' knowledge of identifying nonfatal strangulation and the screening and assessment tools used in clinical practice.
Environmental and genealogical effects on DNA methylation in a widespread apomictic dandelion lineage
Authors: Ibañez Verónica Noé , van Antro Morgane , Peña‐Ponton Cristian , Milanovic‐Ivanovic Slavica , Wagemaker Cornelis A. M. , Gawehns Fleur , Verhoeven Koen J. F. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDNA methylation in plant genomes occurs in different sequences and genomic contexts that have very different properties. DNA methylation that occurs in CG (mCG) sequence context shows transgenerational stability and high epimutation rate, and can thus provide genealogical information at short time scales. However, due to meta‐stability and because mCG variants may arise due to other factors than epimutation, such as environmental stress exposure, it is not clear how well mCG captures genealogical information at micro‐evolutionary time scales. Here, we analysed DNA methylation variation between accessions from a geographically widespread, apomictic common dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) lineage when grown experimentally under different light conditions. Using a reduced‐representation bisulphite sequencing approach, we show that the light treatment induced differentially methylated cytosines (DMCs) in all sequence contexts, with a bias towards transposable elements. Accession differences were associated mainly with DMCs in CG context. Hierarchical clustering of samples based on total mCG profiles revealed a perfect clustering of samples by accession identity, irrespective of light conditions. Using microsatellite information as a benchmark of genetic divergence within the clonal lineage, we show that genetic divergence between accessions correlates strongly with overall mCG profiles. However, our results suggest that environmental effects that do occur in CG context may produce a heritable signal that partly dilutes the genealogical signal. Our study shows that methylation information in plants can be used to reconstruct micro‐evolutionary genealogy, providing a useful tool in systems that lack genetic variation such as clonal and vegetatively propagated plants.
Paths to hippocampal damage in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders
Authors: Zakani Mona , Nigritinou Magdalini , Ponleitner Markus , Takai Yoshiki , Hofmann Daniel , Hillebrand Sophie , Höftberger Romana , Bauer Jan , Lasztoczi Balint , Misu Tatsuro , Kasprian Gregor , Rommer Paulus , Bradl Monika 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimsMany patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) suffer from cognitive impairment affecting memory, processing speed and attention and suffer from depressive symptoms. Because some of these manifestations could trace back to the hippocampus, several magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies have been performed in the past, with a number of groups describing volume loss of the hippocampus in NMOSD patients, whereas others did not observe such changes. Here, we addressed these discrepancies.MethodsWe performed pathological and MRI studies on the hippocampi of NMOSD patients, combined with detailed immunohistochemical analysis of hippocampi from experimental models of NMOSD.ResultsWe identified different pathological scenarios for hippocampal damage in NMOSD and its experimental models. In the first case, the hippocampus was compromised by the initiation of astrocyte injury in this brain region and subsequent local effects of microglial activation and neuronal damage. In the second case, loss of hippocampal volume was seen by MRI in patients with large tissue‐destructive lesions in the optic nerves or the spinal cord, and the pathological work‐up of tissue derived from a patient with such lesions revealed subsequent retrograde neuronal degeneration affecting different axonal tracts and neuronal networks. It remains to be seen whether remote lesions and associated retrograde neuronal degeneration on their own are sufficient to cause extensive volume loss of the hippocampus, or whether they act in concert with small astrocyte‐destructive, microglia‐activating lesions in the hippocampus that escape detection by MRI, either due to their small size or due to the chosen time window for examination.ConclusionsDifferent pathological scenarios can culminate in hippocampal volume loss in NMOSD patients.
Why do plants blush when they are hungry?
Authors: Jezek Mareike , Allan Andrew C. , Jones Jeffrey J. , Geilfus Christoph‐Martin 
Published: February 2023

SummaryFoliar anthocyanins, as well as other secondary metabolites, accumulate transiently under nutritional stress. A misconception that only nitrogen or phosphorus deficiency induces leaf purpling/reddening has led to overuse of fertilizers that burden the environment. Here, we emphasize that several other nutritional imbalances induce anthocyanin accumulation, and nutrient‐specific differences in this response have been reported for some deficiencies. A range of ecophysiological functions have been attributed to anthocyanins. We discuss the proposed functions and signalling pathways that elicit anthocyanin synthesis in nutrient‐stressed leaves. Knowledge from the fields of genetics, molecular biology, ecophysiology and plant nutrition is combined to deduce how and why anthocyanins accumulate under nutritional stress. Future research to fully understand the mechanisms and nuances of foliar anthocyanin accumulation in nutrient‐stressed crops could be utilized to allow these leaf pigments to act as bioindicators for demand‐oriented application of fertilizers. This would benefit the environment, being timely due to the increasing impact of the climate crisis on crop performance.