bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impacts of the COVID-19 Public Health Crisis on Caring for Sex-Trafficked Persons
Authors: Recknor Frances , Kelly C. Emma , Jacobson Danielle , Montemurro Frances , Bruder Rhonelle , Mason Robin , Mont Janice Du 
Published: July 2023

Background Sex trafficking of persons, a pervasive public health issue disproportionately affecting the most marginalized within society, often leads to health as well as social consequences. Social service provision to meet the resulting needs is critical, however, little is known about the current pandemic’s impact on providers’ capacity to deliver requisite care. Method To examine social service providers’ perspectives of care provision for domestically sex-trafficked persons in Ontario, Canada, during the COVID-19 pandemic, we conducted semi-structured interviews with 15 providers and analyzed these using Braun and Clarke’s analytic framework. Results Impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on social service care provision were connected to individuals’ increased vulnerability to trafficking, difficulties safely and effectively providing services to sex-trafficked persons amid pandemic restrictions, and reduction in in-person educational activities to improve providers’ capacity to serve this client population. Securing safe shelter was particularly difficult and inappropriate placements could at times lead to further trafficking. Conclusion The pandemic created novel barriers to supporting sex-trafficked persons; managing these sometimes led to new and complex issues. Future efforts should focus on developing constructive strategies to support sex-trafficked persons’ unique needs during public health crises.
Volunteers as a resource for asset mapping and maintaining a living resource directory: lessons from an academic–community partnership
Authors: Li J , Sandhu S , Thomas C , Bettger JP 
Published: July 2023

Aims: Health and social services are fundamental to public and population health, and disruptions can have devastating effects on individuals of all ages. During the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, the availability of health and social services rapidly changed. Existing resources experienced changes in operation and mode of service delivery, while new resources emerged to address escalating needs. Both the general public and service providers lacked access to accurate information on availability and access, and existing service directories became obsolete or unreliable. To address this gap, a committee of university students expanded its volunteer base, partnered with a local non-profit organization, and invested in maintaining a centralized, up-to-date resource directory for the region. Methods/Results: Student volunteers sourced and consolidated existing county-level directories to curate more than 370 resources across 12 healthcare and social care domains in a Google Sheets platform. This directory was publicly accessible, available in English and Spanish, adjustable to community feedback and needs, disseminated through the local health system intranet, synthesized into paper handouts for food pantries, and utilized to curate a directory aimed toward older adult needs. Students worked in a tiered leadership model and mobilized quickly to respond to immediate community needs. Conclusion: This academic–community partnership engaging student volunteers can be a low-cost, high-value resource to support public health systems meet the information needs of their community, particularly during periods of crisis or rapid changes in service availability.
Association of ABO blood types and clinical variables with COVID-19 infection severity in Libya
Authors: Abdulla Sara A , Elawamy Hayam A , Mohamed Negia AE , Abduallah Enas H , Amshahar Habsa AA , Abuzaeid Nadir K , Eisa Mohamed AM , Osman Makarim Elfadil M , Konozy Emadeldin Hassan E 
Published: July 2023

Objective: The continuing COVID-19 pandemic is a coronavirus-related health emergency (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2). Inadequate efforts are still being made to address the illness situation in Libya, and this must change. To address these issues, we looked into the demography and trend of the disease as well as the potential risk factors for infection. Methods: This study is a retrospective case–control study conducted online among 616 COVID-19 patients. The p0.05 value, odds ratios, and 95% confidence intervals were calculated and analyzed from the drawn data. Results: Males were at high risk of COVID-19 than females (odds ratio = 1.3, 95% confidence interval: 1.042–1.622; p = 0.02). Anosmia and ageusia were more prominent in females. Patients with an “AB” blood group are significantly susceptible to infection. Adults (31 and above) are highly liable to infection. The univariate logistic regression analysis revealed that smoking is a risk factor for those above 60 years (odds ratio = 2.228, 95% confidence interval: 1.145–4.336; p = 0.018). Individuals with chronic diseases such as diabetes and/or hypertension are more prone to COVID-19 (odds ratio = 10.045, 95% confidence interval: 3.078–32.794; p = 0.000 and odds ratio = 11.508, 95% confidence interval: 3.930–33.695; p = 0.000, respectively). Conclusion: This study provided for the first time the demographic data and the trend of COVID-19 infection in Libya, which will assist the stakeholders and governmental bodies in planning protection strategies against the pandemic.
Response of antibody titers to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and clinical outcomes during the predominance of the Omicron variant in Colombia
Authors: Montero Camilo , Torres Rodolfo , Reina Maricely , Flechas Jonth , Andrade David , Moreno Sebastián , Granados Camila , Yomayusa Nancy 
Published: July 2023

Introduction: The response to vaccination against the virus that causes severe acute respiratory infection syndrome coronavirus 2 is lower in renal transplant recipients than in the general population. The data obtained from Latin America showed reduced immunogenicity under inactivated virus vaccination schedules and messenger ribonucleic acid platforms. Methods: A retrospective cohort study including renal transplant recipients from Colombia with a two-dose vaccination schedule against severe acute respiratory infection syndrome coronavirus 2 with Pfizer, AstraZeneca, Moderna, Jansen, and Sinovac vaccines between March 1, 2021 and December 1, 2021, was carried out with a follow-up period to evaluate outcomes until May 2022. The outcomes correspond to the titers of immunoglobulin G antibodies against the receptor binding domain of the severe acute respiratory infection syndrome coronavirus 2 spike and a composite outcome of mortality, general, and intensive care unit hospitalization. Results: In total, 215 renal transplant recipients with two doses of vaccination for severe acute respiratory infection syndrome coronavirus 2 during the predominance of the Omicron variant in Colombia were included, with the measurement of immunoglobulin G antibody titers against the receptor binding domain of the severe acute respiratory infection syndrome coronavirus 2 spike at 8 weeks of vaccination. The mean age was 52.1 years, and the standard deviation was ± 14.2; severe acute respiratory infection syndrome coronavirus 2 infection occurred in 20% of the population, of which 23.26% required hospitalization, 13.95% were under intensive care unit management, and four cases of mortality (9.3%) were reported. Of the total population, 52.5% had antibody titers higher than 0.8 IU/mL (median 0.77 IU/mL, interquartile range 0.4–131). Patients with severe acute respiratory infection syndrome coronavirus 2 infection had a median antibody titer of 0.4 IU/mL (interquartile range 0.4–3.45), and those without infection had a median antibody titer of 1.8 IU/mL (interquartile range 0.4–202) ( p = 0.015). Conclusion: Anti-severe acute respiratory infection syndrome coronavirus 2 antibody titers with a cutoff point less than 0.8 IU/mL are associated with increased risk of severe acute respiratory infection syndrome coronavirus 2 infection.
Outcomes of hematopoietic stem cell gene therapy for Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
Authors: Labrosse Roxane , Chu Julia I. , Armant Myriam A. , Everett John K. , Pellin Danilo , Kareddy Niharika , Frelinger Andrew L. , Henderson Lauren A. , O’Connell Amy E. , Biswas Amlan , Coenen-van der Spek Jet , Miggelbrink Alexandra , Fiorini Claudia , Adhikari Hriju , Berry Charles C. , Cantu Vito Adrian , Fong Johnson , Jaroslavsky Jason , Karadeniz Derin F. , Li Quan-Zhen , Reddy Shantan , Roche Aoife M. , Zhu Chengsong , Whangbo Jennifer S. , Dansereau Colleen , Mackinnon Brenda , Morris Emily , Koo Stephanie M. , London Wendy B. , Baris Safa , Ozen Ahmet , Karakoc-Aydiner Elif , Despotovic Jenny M. , Forbes Satter Lisa R. , Saitoh Akihiko , Aizawa Yuta , King Alejandra , Nguyen Mai Anh Thi , Vu Vy Do Uyen , Snapper Scott B. , Galy Anne , Notarangelo Luigi D. , Bushman Frederic D. , Williams David A. , Pai Sung-Yun 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) is a rare X-linked disorder characterized by combined immunodeficiency, eczema, microthrombocytopenia, autoimmunity, and lymphoid malignancies. Gene therapy (GT) to modify autologous CD34+ cells is an emerging alternative treatment with advantages over standard allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for patients who lack well-matched donors, avoiding graft-versus-host-disease. We report the outcomes of a phase 1/2 clinical trial in which 5 patients with severe WAS underwent GT using a self-inactivating lentiviral vector expressing the human WAS complementary DNA under the control of a 1.6-kB fragment of the autologous promoter after busulfan and fludarabine conditioning. All patients were alive and well with sustained multilineage vector gene marking (median follow-up: 7.6 years). Clinical improvement of eczema, infections, and bleeding diathesis was universal. Immune function was consistently improved despite subphysiologic levels of transgenic WAS protein expression. Improvements in platelet count and cytoskeletal function in myeloid cells were most prominent in patients with high vector copy number in the transduced product. Two patients with a history of autoimmunity had flares of autoimmunity after GT, despite similar percentages of WAS protein–expressing cells and gene marking to those without autoimmunity. Patients with flares of autoimmunity demonstrated poor numerical recovery of T cells and regulatory T cells (Tregs), interleukin-10–producing regulatory B cells (Bregs), and transitional B cells. Thus, recovery of the Breg compartment, along with Tregs appears to be protective against development of autoimmunity after GT. These results indicate that clinical and laboratory manifestations of WAS are improved with GT with an acceptable safety profile. This trial is registered at clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT01410825.
Novel XIAP mutation with early-onset Crohn’s disease complicated with acute heart failure: a case report
Authors: Peng Chendong , Jiang Yuang , Ou Xianhong , Liao Lei , Yang Chengying , Zhou Qiao , Wei Yan , Chang Lijia , Fan Xinrong 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
The X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP) protein is encoded by the XIAP gene and is critical for multiple cell responses and plays a role in preventing cell death. XIAP mutations are associated with several diseases, primarily including hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We report the clinical features and results associated with hemizygous mutation of the XIAP gene in a young male with Crohn’s disease complicated with acute heart failure.This 16-year-old patient ultimately died of heart failure.

Case presentation
A young male of 16 years of age was initially diagnosed with Crohn’s disease based on evidences from endoscopic and histological findings. Although supportive care, anti-infective drugs and biologics were administered consecutively for 11 months, his clinical manifestations and laboratory indices (patient’s condition) did not improved. Additionally, the patient exhibited a poor nutritional status and sustained weight loss. Subsequently, acute heart failure led to the exacerbation of the patient’s condition. He was diagnosed with wet beriberi according to thiamine deficiency, but the standard medical therapy for heart failure and thiamine supplementation did not reverse the adverse outcomes. Comprehensive genetic analysis of peripheral blood-derived DNA revealed a novel hemizygous mutation of the XIAP gene (c.1259_1262 delACAG), which was inherited from his mother.

Conclusion
A novel XIAP mutation (c.1259_1262 delACAG) was identified in this study. It may be one of the potential pathogenic factors in Crohn’s disease and plays an important role in the progression of heart failure. Additionally, thiamine deficiency triggers a vicious cycle.
Cholera and COVID-19 pandemic prevention in multiple hotspot districts of Uganda: vaccine coverage, adverse events following immunization and WASH conditions survey
Authors: Bwire Godfrey , Kisakye Annet , Amulen Esther , Bwanika John Baptist , Badebye Joan , Aanyu Christine , Nakirya Brenda Doreen , Okello Alfred , Okello Stephen Acellam , Bukenya Justine N. , Orach Christopher Garimoi 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Between March, 2020 and December, 2021 due to cholera and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemics, there were 1,534 cholera cases with 14 deaths and 136,065 COVID-19 cases with 3,285 deaths reported respectively in Uganda. This study investigated mass vaccination campaigns for the prevention of the two pandemics namely: oral cholera vaccine (OCV) and COVID-19 vaccine coverage; adverse events following immunization (AEFI); barriers and enablers for the vaccine uptake and assessed water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) conditions in the six cholera and COVID-19 hotspot districts of Uganda.

Methods
A household survey was conducted between January and February, 2022 in the six cholera hotspot districts of Uganda which had recently conducted OCV mass vaccination campaigns and had ongoing COVID-19 mass vaccination campaigns. The survey randomly enrolled 900 households with 4,315 persons of whom 2,085 were above 18 years. Data were collected using a data entry application designed in KoBoToolbox and analysed using STATA version 14. Frequencies, percentages, odds ratios, means, confidence intervals and maps were generated and interpreted.

Results
The OCV coverage for dose one and two were 85% (95% CI: 84.2—86.4) and 67% (95% CI: 65.6—68.4) respectively. Among the 4,315 OCV recipients, 2% reported mild AEFI, 0.16% reported moderate AEFI and none reported severe AEFI. The COVID-19 vaccination coverage for dose one and two were 69.8% (95% CI: 67.8–71.8) and 18.8% (95% CI: 17.1–20.5) respectively. Approximately, 23% (478/2,085) of COVID-19 vaccine recipient reported AEFI; most 94% were mild, 0.6% were moderate and 2 cases were severe. The commonest reason for missing COVID-19 vaccine was fear of the side effects. For most districts (5/6), sanitation (latrine/toilet) coverage were low at 7.4%—37.4%.

Conclusion
There is high OCV coverage but low COVID-19 vaccine and sanitation coverage with high number of moderate cases of AEFI recorded due to COVID-19 vaccines. The low COVID-19 vaccine coverage could indicate vaccine hesitancy for COVID-19 vaccines. Furthermore, incorporation of WASH conditions assessment in the OCV coverage surveys is recommended for similar settings to generate data for better planning. However, more studies are required on COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy.
Time trend of global uterine cancer burden: an age-period-cohort analysis from 1990 to 2019 and predictions in a 25-year period
Authors: Yang Liu , Yuan Yue , Zhu Rongyan , Zhang Xuehong 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Uterine cancer remains a serious medical problem worldwide. This study aimed to explore the global time trends of uterine cancer burden using the age-period-cohort model and forecast incidence to 2044.

Methods
Data were downloaded from the Global Burden of Disease 2019. The age-period-cohort model was used to estimate age, period and birth cohort effects. We also predict uterine cancer incidence to 2044.

Results
Globally, there were 435,041 incident cases (95% UI: 245,710 to 272,470) and 91,640 deaths of uterine cancer (95% UI: 39,910 to 44,140) in 2019. During the past 30 years, the age-standardized incidence and death rates increased by 15.3% and decreased by 21.6%, respectively. Between 1990 and 2019, the high-sociodemographic index region had the highest overall annual percentage changes. The age effect showed the uterine cancer incidence rate first increased and then decreased with age. The period and cohort relative rate ratio showed upward trends during the study period. Incident cases of uterine cancer may increase to more than six hundred thousand in 2044.

Conclusion
Uterine cancer causes a high disease burden in high-income regions and the global incidence may continue to increase in the future. Improving awareness of risk factors and reducing the proportion of the obese population are necessary to reduce future burden.
Non-invasive arterial blood pressure measurement and SpO2 estimation using PPG signal: a deep learning framework
Authors: Chu Yan , Tang Kaichen , Hsu Yu-Chun , Huang Tongtong , Wang Dulin , Li Wentao , Savitz Sean I. , Jiang Xiaoqian , Shams Shayan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Monitoring blood pressure and peripheral capillary oxygen saturation plays a crucial role in healthcare management for patients with chronic diseases, especially hypertension and vascular disease. However, current blood pressure measurement methods have intrinsic limitations; for instance, arterial blood pressure is measured by inserting a catheter in the artery causing discomfort and infection.

Method
Photoplethysmogram (PPG) signals can be collected via non-invasive devices, and therefore have stimulated researchers’ interest in exploring blood pressure estimation using machine learning and PPG signals as a non-invasive alternative. In this paper, we propose a Transformer-based deep learning architecture that utilizes PPG signals to conduct a personalized estimation of arterial systolic blood pressure, arterial diastolic blood pressure, and oxygen saturation.

Results
The proposed method was evaluated with a subset of 1,732 subjects from the publicly available ICU dataset MIMIC III. The mean absolute error is 2.52 ± 2.43 mmHg for systolic blood pressure, 1.37 ± 1.89 mmHg for diastolic blood pressure, and 0.58 ± 0.79% for oxygen saturation, which satisfies the requirements of the Association of Advancement of Medical Instrumentation standard and achieve grades A for the British Hypertension Society standard.

Conclusions
The results indicate that our model meets clinical standards and could potentially boost the accuracy of blood pressure and oxygen saturation measurement to deliver high-quality healthcare.
Pericardial malignant mesothelioma diagnosed in a dog by immunocytochemistry of the pericardial fluid: a case report
Authors: Choi Eun Wha 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundPericardial effusions are one of the most common cardiac diseases in dogs. Common causes of haemorrhagic pericardial effusions include neoplasia, such as hemangiosarcoma, mesothelioma, chemodectoma, and ectopic thyroid tumours, and benign idiopathic pericardial effusion. Distinguishing among reactive mesothelial cells, malignant mesothelioma, and adenocarcinoma in body effusions is a diagnostic challenge. Therefore, the author aimed to discover whether the observed cells were reactive mesothelial, mesothelioma, or adenocarcinoma cells through immunocytochemistry using five markers (cytokeratin, vimentin, desmin, E-cadherin, and calretinin) in a canine patient.Case presentationA 2.1 kg, spayed female, 10-year-old Yorkshire Terrier dog presented to a local hospital with dyspnoea and was evaluated for pericardial effusion. The presence of pericardial fluid was confirmed, and she was referred to our hospital for further evaluation. In cytological evaluation, cells shed individually or in clusters were observed, along with numerous non-degenerative neutrophils and macrophages. The cells showed binucleation, anisocytosis, anisokaryosis, abnormal nucleoli, abundant basophilic cytoplasm, high nuclear–cytoplasmic ratio, and coarse chromatin. Large atypical multinucleate cells were also observed. Erythrophagia was observed, indicating chronic haemorrhage. Immunocytochemistry using pericardial fluid was positive for cytokeratin, vimentin, desmin, E-cadherin, and calretinin. Therefore, malignant mesothelioma was diagnosed.ConclusionsImmunocytochemistry is a very useful diagnostic technique because it can determine whether several fluorescent markers are simultaneously expressed in the same cell. Further, E-cadherin and calretinin can be used for the differential diagnosis of reactive mesothelial cells, malignant mesothelioma, and adenocarcinoma in dogs.
Platelet Transfusion in Cardiac Surgery: An Entropy-Balanced, Weighted, Multicenter Analysis
Authors: Fletcher Calvin M. , Hinton Jake V. , Xing Zhongyue , Perry Luke A. , Greifer Noah , Karamesinis Alexandra , Shi Jenny , Penny-Dimri Jahan C. , Ramson Dhruvesh , Liu Zhengyang , Williams-Spence Jenni , Segal Reny , Smith Julian A. , Coulson Tim G. , Bellomo Rinaldo 
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND:
Platelet transfusion is common in cardiac surgery, but some studies have suggested an association with harm. Accordingly, we investigated the association of perioperative platelet transfusion with morbidity and mortality.

METHODS:
We conducted a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data from the Australian Society of Cardiac and Thoracic Surgeons National Cardiac Surgery Database. We included consecutive adults from 2005 to 2018 across 40 centers. We used inverse probability of treatment weighting via entropy balancing to investigate the association of perioperative platelet transfusion with our 2 primary outcomes, operative mortality (composite of both 30-day and in-hospital mortality) and 90-day mortality, as well as multiple other clinically relevant secondary outcomes.

RESULTS:
Among 119,132 eligible patients, 25,373 received perioperative platelets and 93,759 were considered controls. After entropy balancing, platelet transfusion was associated with reduced operative mortality (odds ratio [OR], 0.63; 99% confidence interval [CI], 0.47–0.84; P < .0001) and 90-day mortality (OR, 0.66; 99% CI, 0.51–0.85; P < .0001). Moreover, it was associated with reduced odds of deep sternal wound infection (OR, 0.57; 99% CI, 0.36–0.89; P = .0012), acute kidney injury (OR, 0.84; 99% CI, 0.71–0.99; P = .0055), and postoperative renal replacement therapy (OR, 0.71; 99% CI, 0.54–0.93; P = .0013). These positive associations were observed despite an association with increased odds of return to theatre for bleeding (OR, 1.55; 99% CI, 1.16–2.09; P < .0001), pneumonia (OR, 1.26; 99% CI, 1.11–1.44; P < .0001), intubation for longer than 24 hours postoperatively (OR, 1.13; 99% CI, 1.03–1.24; P = .0012), inotrope use for >4 hours postoperatively (OR, 1.14; 99% CI, 1.11–1.17; P < .0001), readmission to hospital within 30 days of surgery (OR, 1.22; 99% CI, 1.11–1.34; P < .0001), as well as increased drain tube output (adjusted mean difference, 89.2 mL; 99% CI, 77.0 mL–101.4 mL; P < .0001).

CONCLUSIONS:
In cardiac surgery patients, perioperative platelet transfusion was associated with reduced operative and 90-day mortality. Until randomized controlled trials either confirm or refute these findings, platelet transfusion should not be deliberately avoided when considering odds of death.