bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiopulmonary response during incremental shuttle walking test in a hallway versus on treadmill in Phase IV cardiac rehabilitation: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Osailan Ahmad M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThere is widespread use of incremental shuttle walking test (ISWT) to measure functional capacity in cardiac rehabilitation patients. Due to occasional physical space limitations, an incremental shuttle walking test on a treadmill (ISWT-T) was suggested as an alternative. Knowledge about the cardiopulmonary response between the two tests and the factors associated with the distance achieved in Phase IV cardiac rehabilitation is limited. Thus, the study aims to compare the cardiopulmonary response between ISWT and ISWT-T and investigate the factors associated with distance achieved in both tests. Thirteen participants (66.3 ± 7.3 years, 84.6% males) attending phase IV cardiac rehabilitation participated in repeated measures counterbalanced trials. Each participant performed one ISWT and one ISWT-T separated by seven days. Main outcome measures included peak heart rate (HR), systolic and diastolic blood pressure post-test, distance achieved, respiratory frequency, tidal volume (VT), minute ventilation, respiratory exchange ratio, peak oxygen uptake (VO2PEAK), and secondary outcome measures included height, weight, waist circumference (WC) leg length (LL). There were no significant differences in the cardiopulmonary responses between ISWT and ISWT-T except for VO2PEAK (25.4 ± 5.8 vs 23.7 ± 5.1, p = 0.05, respectively). Age and height were significantly correlated with distance achieved during ISWT, and ISWT-T [age (r = − 0.72, vs. r = − 0.73, p ≤ 0.05, respectively)], [height (r = 0.68, vs. r = 0.68, p ≤ 0.05, respectively)]. LL was only correlated with distance achieved on ISWT-T (r = 0.59, p ≤ 0.05). These findings suggest a similar cardiopulmonary response between the two tests, but doing ISWT in the hallway evoked a higher metabolic demand than doing it on a treadmill. Additionally, distance achieved on both tests was related to height and inversely to age.
Green synthesize of copper nanoparticles on the cotton fabric as a self-regenerating and high-efficient plasmonic solar evaporator
Authors: Simayee Maedeh , Iraji zad Azam , Esfandiar Ali 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHarvesting solar energy, as a clean and abundant resource, in the photothermal process, is the winning point of solar steam generation (SSG) systems. Herein, copper plasmonic nanoparticles were synthesized through a green method via red sanders extraction on the cotton fabric as the reducing matrix. The prepared fabrics were analyzed using FESEM, EDS, XRD, PL, Raman, and contact angle. The treated fabric on the stitched PU foam with cotton yarns with bio-inspired jellyfish structure was used for heat localization and water transmission, simultaneously. The evaporation rate, enhancement, and conversion efficiency of the plasmonic SSG were 1.73 kg m−2 h−1, 179%, and ~ 98%, under one sun irradiation, respectively. The quality of the collected water was investigated via induced coupled plasma which presents the proper solar desalination (> 99.83% for filtration of Na+ ion). Regenerating features of the treated fabric along with the simple and cost-effective preparation method promises viable aspects of our system for large-scale applications.
Electron transport and scattering mechanisms in ferromagnetic monolayer Fe3GeTe2
Authors: Badrtdinov Danis I. , Pushkarev Georgy V. , Katsnelson Mikhail I. , Rudenko Alexander N. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe study intrinsic charge-carrier scattering mechanisms and determine their contribution to the transport properties of the two-dimensional ferromagnet Fe3GeTe2. We use state-of-the-art first-principles calculations combined with the model approaches to elucidate the role of the electron-phonon and electron-magnon interactions in the electronic transport. Our findings show that the charge carrier scattering in Fe3GeTe2 is dominated by the electron-phonon interaction, while the role of magnetic excitations is marginal. At the same time, the magnetic ordering is shown to effect essentially on the electron-phonon coupling and its temperature dependence. This leads to a sublinear temperature dependence of the electrical resistivity near the Curie temperature, which is in line with experimental observations. The room temperature resistivity is estimated to be ~ 35 μΩ ⋅ cm which may be considered as a lower intrinsic limit for monolayer Fe3GeTe2.
Multivariate genome-wide analysis of aging-related traits identifies novel loci and new drug targets for healthy aging
Authors: Rosoff Daniel B. , Mavromatis Lucas A. , Bell Andrew S. , Wagner Josephin , Jung Jeesun , Marioni Riccardo E. , Davey Smith George , Horvath Steve , Lohoff Falk W. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe concept of aging is complex, including many related phenotypes such as healthspan, lifespan, extreme longevity, frailty and epigenetic aging, suggesting shared biological underpinnings; however, aging-related endpoints have been primarily assessed individually. Using data from these traits and multivariate genome-wide association study methods, we modeled their underlying genetic factor (‘mvAge’). mvAge (effective n = ~1.9 million participants of European ancestry) identified 52 independent variants in 38 genomic loci. Twenty variants were novel (not reported in input genome-wide association studies). Transcriptomic imputation identified age-relevant genes, including VEGFA and PHB1. Drug-target Mendelian randomization with metformin target genes showed a beneficial impact on mvAge (P value = 8.41 × 10−5). Similarly, genetically proxied thiazolidinediones (P value = 3.50 × 10−10), proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin 9 inhibition (P value = 1.62 × 10−6), angiopoietin-like protein 4, beta blockers and calcium channel blockers also had beneficial Mendelian randomization estimates. Extending the drug-target Mendelian randomization framework to 3,947 protein-coding genes prioritized 122 targets. Together, these findings will inform future studies aimed at improving healthy aging.
Shared and Separate Neuromuscular Underpinnings of Swallowing and Motor Speech Development in the School-Age Years
Authors: Hahn Arkenberg Rachel E. , Brown Barbara , Mitchell Samantha , Craig Bruce Α. , Goffman Lisa , Malandraki Georgia A. 
Published: August 2023

Purpose:
Despite co-occurrence of swallowing and speech disorders in childhood, there is limited research on shared and separate neuromuscular underpinnings of these functions. The purpose of this study was to (a) compare neuromuscular control of swallowing and speech between younger and older children and (b) determine similarities and differences in neuromuscular control of swallowing and speech.

Method:
Twenty-six typically developing children (thirteen 7- to 8-year-olds and thirteen 11- to 12-year-olds) completed this cross-sectional study. Neuromuscular control was evaluated using surface electromyography of submental muscles and superior and inferior orbicularis oris muscles during parallel tasks of swallowing and speech. Outcome measures included normalized mean amplitude, burst duration, time to peak amplitude, and bilateral synchrony, which were examined using mixed-effects models.

Results:
For normalized mean amplitude, burst duration, and time to peak amplitude, there were significant two- and three-way interactions between muscle group, task, and age group, indicating that older and younger children demonstrated different muscle activation patterns, and these patterns varied by muscle and task. No differences were noted between groups for bilateral synchrony. For parallel tasks, children demonstrated different magnitudes of normalized mean amplitude and time to peak amplitude of speech and swallowing. However, they demonstrated a similar pattern: increases in magnitude as task complexity increased.

Conclusions:
Children continue to demonstrate refinement of their neuromuscular control of swallowing and speech between 7–8 and 11–12 years of age, and there are both shared and separate elements of neuromuscular control between these two vital functions. To improve generalizability of findings, future research should include longitudinal analysis of swallowing and speech development, as well as measures of central neurophysiology.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.23796258
Supporting Culturally Responsive Assessment Practices With Preschoolers: Guidance From Methods in the Jamaican Context
Authors: Washington Karla N. , Karem Rachel Wright , Kokotek Leslie E. , León Michelle 
Published: August 2023

Purpose:
There is a shortage of available methods to accurately inform the developmental status of children whose cultural and linguistic backgrounds vary from the mainstream. The purpose of this review article was to describe different approaches used to support the accurate characterization of speech, language, and functional communication in children speaking Jamaican Creole and English, an understudied paradigm in the speech pathology research.

Method:

Approaches used across four previously published studies in the Jamaican Creole Language Project are described. Participants included 3- to 6-year-old Jamaican children (
n
= 98–262) and adults (
n
= 15–33). Studies I and II described validation efforts about children's functional communication using the Intelligibility in Context Scale (ICS; speech) and the Focus on the Outcomes of Communication Under Six (FOCUS; speech and language). Study III described efforts to accurately characterize difference and disorder in children's expressive grammar using adapted scoring, along with adult models to contextualize child responses. Last, Study IV applied acoustic duration (e.g., whole word) and an adapted scoring protocol to inform variation in speech sound productions in the Jamaican context where a post-Creole continuum exists.

Results:
Studies I and II offered promising psychometric evidence about the utility of the ICS and the FOCUS. Study III revealed strong sensitivity and specificity in classifying difference and disorder using adult models. Last, in Study IV, linguistically informed acoustic analyses and an adapted protocol captured variation in speech productions better than a standard approach.

Conclusions:
Applying culturally responsive methods can enhance the accurate characterization of speech, language, and functional communication in Jamaican children. The innovative methods used offer a model approach that could be applied to other linguistic contexts where a mismatch exists between speech-language pathologists and their clientele.

Presentation Video:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.23929461
Low‐profile broadband circularly polarized short‐circuited dipole antenna with backed cavity
Authors: Han Min , Qin Yifeng , Wang Chengzhi , Yang Tianqi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA broadband circularly polarized (CP) dipole antenna with a backed cavity is presented in this letter. The proposed antenna consists of a pair of rotational symmetric short‐circuited branches and a Γ‐shaped feed structure. Each branch is designed to be axe‐shaped so that the antenna can achieve a broad 3‐dB axial ratio (AR) bandwidth. The coupled feeding method assures the antenna is wideband, and the shorting‐to‐the‐ground technique miniaturizes the lateral dimensions of the antenna. The profile of the proposed antenna is around 0.16λL (λL denotes the wavelength of the lower bound frequency). The introduction of a back cavity effectively enhances the boresight gain and improves the isolation level if the antenna is used to form an array. Finally, the design is prototyped, and the measurement results agree well with the simulation. The fractal voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR)<2 bandwidth and 3‐dB AR bandwidths are 61.15% (2.725–5.125 GHz) and 45.9% (3.15–5.03 GHz), respectively. The antenna's efficiency exceeds 91.5% over the target frequency band.
Dynamics of an impurity ion transport in oil‐paper insulation under various electric fields
Authors: Ren Yuanyang , Wang Yang , Zhang Qiankai , Xiong Jiayu , Cao Wen , Lv Zepeng , Wu Kai 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe ionic transport process is an important counterpart to charge transport in oil‐paper insulation, and it significantly impacts oil flow electrification at the oil‐paper interface. Despite this, the dynamics of this phenomenon and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear, particularly at the molecular level. To understand this fundamental aspect, we conduct Molecular Dynamics study on the transport behaviour of an impurity ion in different oil‐paper insulation models under various external electric fields. Different influence factors, such as external electric fields, temperatures, and local structural characteristics, are investigated in relation to the corresponding ionic mobility in different polymer models. According to the simulations, ionic mobility and its response to electric fields are higher in weaker electrostatic models. As a result, mineral oil exhibits the highest ionic mobility and the most substantial enhancement of ionic mobility by external electric fields, followed by vegetable oil, oil‐paper blends, and insulating paper. This significant deviation in ionic mobility between oil and paper leads to the formation of an electric double layer near the oil‐paper interface. The underlying physical mechanisms of different ionic mobility and its response to the electric field in different polymer models could be explained by the different polymer structural influences in terms of interaction energy and coordination numbers in a static manner, as well as by the interactions between the impurity ion and its surrounding atoms in terms of lifetime correlation functions and velocity autocorrelation functions in a dynamic manner. In addition, the influence of temperature on ionic mobility in mineral and vegetable oil is examined, and their activation energies are calculated. Advancing in the fundamental understanding of the dynamics of the ion transport process in oil‐paper insulation is vital to improving their insulating properties for oil‐impregnated power transformers.
Infrastructure‐related challenges in implementing connected and automated vehicles on urban roads: Insights from experts and stakeholders
Authors: Tengilimoglu Oguz , Carsten Oliver , Wadud Zia 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe introduction of connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) has the potential to bring numerous advantages to urban mobility. However, many challenges for road infrastructure need to be overcome before those benefits can be achieved. This study addressed multiple dimensions of the implications of CAV deployment for road infrastructure through a comprehensive survey with 168 experts from different sectors and regions around the world. The issues are grouped into five categories: (1) key challenges of accommodating CAVs in existing urban transport networks; (2) infrastructure improvement required for shared CAV models; (3) maintenance aspects of infrastructure for CAVs; (4) implementation time of infrastructure support for CAVs; and (5) financing infrastructure upgrades to facilitate CAVs on the roads. The outcomes of the research show that there is still no consensus among the stakeholders on what should be considered to maximise CAV benefits for society as a whole. This indicates the necessity for cooperation between stakeholders to achieve the safe and efficient operation of CAVs. Overall, this study provides in‐depth insights for decision‐makers and transport planners to form policies, regulations, and guidelines regarding the future implementation of CAVs for roads before their commercialisation phase.
Energy management in microgrid and multi‐microgrid
Authors: Xing Xueliang , Jia Limin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractConsidered as basic structures of next‐generation energy system, environment‐friendly and flexible microgrid (MG) systems are potential solutions to address integration issues of stochastic renewable energy sources. Adaptable energy management approaches provide the possibility to construct effective and various energy interaction. The purpose of this paper is to present a problem‐oriented review of energy management in MG systems. This paper first comprehensively reviews recent research studies on MG, particularly in multi‐microgrid (MMG). Then, this paper proposes a concept of energy utilization model for energy management, which includes a discussion of modern concepts including MG, MMG along with picogrid, nanogrid and virtual power plant. And a synthetic energy management framework including stability, touch, efficiency, evenness, and resilience dimensions is proposed and formulated based on energy utilization mode. Then energy management system is illustrated from the perspectives of system function, management architecture, operation logic and data analysis, and further, a systematic four‐layer hierarchical architecture of management systems for whole MG and MMG systems is proposed. Moreover, key technologies in energy management are summarized and reviewed from the aspects of control, communication, prediction, optimization, and evaluation. Last, eight main prospects on the future trend of energy management in MG and MMG are also presented.
Central radio galaxies in galaxy clusters: Joint surveys by eROSITA and ASKAP
Authors: Böckmann K. , Brüggen M. , Koribalski B. , Veronica A. , Reiprich T. H. , Bulbul E. , Bahar Y. E. , Balzer F. , Comparat J. , Garrel C. , Ghirardini V. , Gürkan G. , Kluge M. , Leahy D. , Merloni A. , Liu A. , Ramos-Ceja M. E. , Salvato M. , Sanders J. , Shabala S. , Zhang X. 
Published: August 2023

Contact. The extended ROentgen Survey with an Imaging Telescope Array (eROSITA) telescope on board the Spectrum-Roentgen-Gamma (SRG) mission has completed the first eROSITA All-Sky Survey (eRASS:1). It detected ∼104 galaxy clusters in the western Galactic hemisphere. In the radio band, the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder (ASKAP) telescope completed its pilot 1 phase of the project Evolutionary Map of the Universe (EMU) with 220 000 sources in a 270 deg2 field overlapping with eRASS:1. These two surveys are used to study radio-mode active galactic nuclei in clusters.
Aims. In order to understand the efficiency of radio-mode feedback at the centers of galaxy clusters, we relate the radio properties of the brightest cluster galaxies to the X-ray properties of the host clusters.
Methods. We identified the central radio sources in eRASS:1 clusters or calculated corresponding upper limits on the radio luminosity. Then, we derived relations between the X-ray properties of the clusters and the radio properties of the corresponding central radio source.
Results. In total, we investigated a sample of 75 clusters. We find a statistically significant correlation between the X-ray luminosity of the cluster and the 944 MHz radio luminosity of the corresponding central radio galaxy. There is also a positive trend between the radio power and the largest linear size of the radio source. The density and the largest linear size are not correlated. We find that the kinetic luminosity of the radio jets in high-luminosity clusters with LX > 1043 erg s−1 is no longer correlated with the X-ray luminosity, and we discuss various reasons. We find an anticorrelation between the central cooling time tcool and the radio luminosity LR, indicating a need for more powerful active galactic nuclei in clusters with short central cooling times.
White dwarf spectral type-temperature distribution from Gaia DR3 and the Virtual Observatory
Authors: Torres S. , Cruz P. , Murillo-Ojeda R. , Jiménez-Esteban F. M. , Rebassa-Mansergas A. , Solano E. , Camisassa M. E. , Raddi R. , Doliguez Le Lourec J. 
Published: August 2023

Context. The characterization of white dwarf atmospheres is crucial for accurately deriving stellar parameters such as effective temperature, mass, and age. However, the inclusion of physical processes such as convective mixing and convective dilution in current white dwarf atmospheric models offers a prediction of the spectral evolution of these objects. To constrain these models, accurate observational data and analyses are necessary.
Aims. We aim to classify the population of white dwarfs up to 500 pc into hydrogen-rich or hydrogen-deficient atmospheres based on Gaia spectra and to derive an accurate spectral type-temperature distribution, namely, the ratio between the number of non-DAs to the total number of white dwarfs as a function of the effective temperature for the largest observed unbiased sample of these objects.
Methods. We took advantage of the recent Gaia low-resolution spectra available for 76 657 white dwarfs up to 500 pc. We calculated the synthetic J-PAS narrow-band photometry and fit the spectral energy distribution of each object with up-to-date models for hydrogen-rich and helium-rich white dwarf atmospheres. We estimated the probability for a white dwarf to have a hydrogen-rich atmosphere and validated the results using the Montreal White Dwarf Database. Finally, precise effective temperature values were derived for each object using La Plata evolutionary models.
Results. We successfully classified a total of 65 310 white dwarfs (57 155 newly classified objects) into DAs and non-DAs with an accuracy of 94%. An unbiased subsample of nearly 34 000 objects was built, from which we computed a precise spectral distribution spanning an effective temperature range from 5500 to 40 000 K, while accounting for potential selection effects.
Conclusions. Some characteristic features of the spectral evolution, such as the deficit of helium-rich stars at Teff ≈ 35 000 − 40 000 K and in the range of 22 000 ≲ Teff ≲ 25 000 K, as well as a gradual increase from 18 000 K to Teff ≈ 7000 K, where the non-DA stars percentage reaches its maximum of 41%, followed by a decrease for cooler temperatures, are statistically significant. These findings will provide precise constraints for the proposed models of spectral evolution.
The Ie-Re plane and the 3D-kappa space of stellar systems
Authors: Chiosi C. , D’Onofrio M. , Piovan L. 
Published: August 2023

Contact. This paper is the fourth in a series dedicated to the observed parallelism of properties passing from globular clusters to early-type galaxies. To a lesser extent, it also covers galaxy clusters and groups.
Aims. Here, we investigate the Ie-Re plane and the 3D-kappa space defined by Bender, Burstein and Faber, as potential diagnostic tools in studies of the past evolution of these stellar systems. In the space of the parameters characterizing a stellar system such as the luminosity, L, stellar mass, Ms, half-light (mass) radius, Re, central velocity dispersion, σc, surface brightness, Ie, and so on, the Ie-Re plane is one of possible projections that was thoroughly investigated over the years with many important results. The 3D-kappa space relies on three variables that are suitable combinations of the logarithms of the above parameters. Among others, perhaps the most important result from this new space is the discovery of the fundamental plane of early type galaxies. In this paper, we intend to explore in more detail the potential capability of the joined investigation of the Ie-Re plane and 3D-kappa space.
Methods. Based on the collected literature data on the mass, half-mass (light) radius, velocity dispersion, and surface brightness in different bands for the objects under investigation, we set up the Ie-Re plane and the 3D-kappa space. We then compared the observed distributions of these objects with those predicted by simple theoretical galaxy models.
Results. We explored the effects of different mass-radius relationships, star formation, infall, and mass assembling histories on the diagnostic planes under examination. We also investigated variations in the 3D-kappa space as a function of the redshift.
Conclusions. We show that the distribution of the stellar systems on the various diagnostic planes can cast light on the mass-radius relation and the history of star formation in stellar systems going from globular clusters to early type galaxies.