bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dandelion‐Inspired, Wind‐Dispersed Polymer‐Assembly Controlled by Light
Authors: Yang Jianfeng , Zhang Hang , Berdin Alex , Hu Wenqi , Zeng Hao 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe rise of stimuli‐responsive polymers has brought about a wealth of materials for small‐scale, wirelessly controlled soft‐bodied robots. Thinking beyond conventional robotic mobilities already demonstrated in synthetic systems, such as walking, swimming and jumping, flying in air by dispersal, gliding, or even hovering is a frontier yet to be explored by responsive materials. The demanding requirements for actuator's performance, lightweight, and effective aerodynamic design underlie the grand challenges. Here, a soft matter‐based porous structure capable of wind‐assisted dispersal and lift‐off/landing action under the control of a light beam is reported. The design is inspired by the seed of dandelion, resembling several biomimetic features, i.e., high porosity, lightweight, and separated vortex ring generation under a steady wind flow. Superior to its natural counterparts, this artificial seed is equipped with a soft actuator made of light‐responsive liquid crystalline elastomer, which induces reversible opening/closing actions of the bristles upon visible light excitation. This shape‐morphing enables manual tuning of terminal velocity, drag coefficient, and wind threshold for dispersal. Optically controlled wind‐assisted lift‐off and landing actions, and a light‐induced local accumulation in descending structures are demonstrated. The results offer novel approaches for wirelessly controlled, miniatured devices that can passively navigate over a large aerial space.
Occupational exposure and serum levels of per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS): A review
Authors: Lucas Katherine , Gaines Linda G.T. , Paris‐Davila Tamara , Nylander‐French Leena A. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundPer‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances, or PFAS, are a class of chemicals used in nearly all sectors of industry and many consumer products. Their resistance to degradation, however, means that PFAS are ubiquitous in the environment and bioaccumulate. PFAS exposure has also been linked to a variety of adverse health effects. Occupational PFAS exposure is of particular concern as research on PFAS exposure in worker populations has historically been limited and generally restricted to fluorochemical plant workers involved in PFAS production.MethodsA comprehensive review of peer‐reviewed scientific literature was conducted to investigate which worker populations may experience occupational exposure to PFAS. Serum PFAS levels reported in various occupations were analyzed and compared to serum PFAS levels published on the general public exposed to PFAS‐contaminated drinking water and the study population of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).ResultsOur analysis indicates that professional ski waxers and firefighters may be exposed to several different PFAS at levels often similar to or higher than levels among fluorochemical plant workers and individuals in communities with PFAS‐contaminated drinking water, and higher than levels in the general public. PFAS serum level data on other occupations were largely absent.ConclusionsResults highlight a need for additional research on occupational PFAS exposures and concomitant environmental exposures in these populations. Research on exposure levels in occupations and industries known or suspected to utilize PFAS is critically needed to foster informed recommendations for exposure mitigation measures to protect workers from adverse health effects of PFAS exposure.
Blood coagulation factors and platelet response to drug‐induced hepatitis and hepatosis in rats
Authors: Korolova Daria , Gryshchenko Viktoriya , Chernyshenko Tamara , Platonov Oleh , Hornytska Olha , Chernyshenko Volodymyr , Klymenko Pavlo , Reshetnik Yevdokiia , Platonova Tetyana 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundKnowing the variability of blood coagulation responses to liver damage of different origins can provide a key to curing liver tissues or to mitigating treatment side effects. The aim of the present work was to compare the changes in the main components of hemostasis under experimental drug‐induced hepatosis and hepatitis in rats.MethodsWe modeled diclofenac‐induced hepatitis and tetracycline‐induced hepatosis. Hemostasis response was gauged by measuring fibrinogen, factor X, protein C (PC), and prothrombin in plasma. The decarboxylated form of prothrombin was detected by measuring prothrombin index and ecamulin index. Platelet reactivity was studied using aggregometry.ResultsBoth hepatitis and hepatosis decreased the synthesis of fibrinogen, factor X, and prothrombin. However, protein carboxylation was not disrupted in hepatosis but was much impaired in hepatitis. PC decreased in both models as a consequence of its consumption possibly during inflammatory response. Platelet aggregation rate was lower in hepatosis but higher in hepatitis.ConclusionsOur findings imply the need for a thorough monitoring of the hemostasis system in liver diseases to avoid possible thrombotic complications. Its state indicates the disorder's rate and character.
Reactivity and Recyclability of Ligand‐Protected Metal Cluster Catalysts for CO2 Transformation
Authors: Li Guangjun , Hou Jun , Lei Xiaomei , Li Dan , Yu Enqi , Hu Weigang , Cai Xiao , Liu Xu , Chen Mingyang , Zhu Yan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIt remains a significant challenge to construct an integrated catalyst that combines advantages of homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis with clarified mechanism and high performance. Here we show atomically precise CuAg cluster catalysts for CO2 capture and utilization, where two functional units are combined into the clusters: metal and ligand. Due to atomic resolution on total and local structures of such catalysts to be achieved, which disentangles heterogeneous imprecise systems and permits tracing the reaction processes via experiments coupled with theory, site‐specific catalysis induced by metal‐ligand synergy can be accurately elucidated. The CuAg cluster catalysts exhibit excellent reactivity and recyclability to forge the C−N bonding from CO2 formylation with secondary amines that can make the cluster catalysts more unique compared with typically homogeneous complexes.
Computing Arithmetic Functions Using Immobilised Enzymatic Reaction Networks
Authors: Ivanov Nikita M. , Baltussen Mathieu G. , Regueiro Cristina Lía Fernández , Derks Max T. G. M. , Huck Wilhelm T. S. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractLiving systems use enzymatic reaction networks to process biochemical information and make decisions in response to external or internal stimuli. Herein, we present a modular and reusable platform for molecular information processing using enzymes immobilised in hydrogel beads and compartmentalised in a continuous stirred tank reactor. We demonstrate how this setup allows us to perform simple arithmetic operations, such as addition, subtraction and multiplication, using various concentrations of substrates or inhibitors as inputs and the production of a fluorescent molecule as the readout.
Constructing 2D Sandwich‐like MOF/MXene Heterostructures for Durable and Fast Aqueous Zinc‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Wang Yalei , Song Jun , Wong Wai‐Yeung 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTwo‐dimensional metal–organic frameworks (2D MOFs) can be used as the cathodes for high‐performance zinc‐ion battery due to their large one‐dimensional channels. However, the conventionally poor electrical conductivity and low structural stability hinder their advances. Herein, we report an alternately stacked MOF/MX heterostructure, exhibiting the 2D sandwich‐like structure with abundant active sites, improved electrical conductivity and exceptional structural stability. Ex situ characterizations and theoretical calculations reveal a reversible intercalation mechanism of zinc ions and high electrical conductivity in the 2D heterostructure. Electrochemical tests confirm excellent Zn2+migration kinetics and ideal pseudocapacitive behaviors. As a consequence, Cu‐HHTP/MX shows a superior rate performance (260.1 mAh g−1at 0.1 A g−1and 173.1 mAh g−1at 4 A g−1) and long‐term cycling stability of 92.5 % capacity retention over 1000 cycles at 4 A g−1.
Superparamagnetic wood‐polypropylene nanocomposite made using magnetic wood flour with a nanoparticle‐free surface
Authors: Ahangarkolaei Hassan Fallah , Mashkour Mahdi , Rasouli Davood 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis study investigates the effect of removing magnetic nanoparticles from the outer surface of magnetic wood flour (MWF) particles as a filler phase on the microstructural, physical, and mechanical properties of the prepared MWF‐polypropylene nanocomposites. For producing MWF with a surface free of magnetic nanoparticles (called LFMWF), in contrast to the commonly produced MWF (called FFMWF), magnetic wood chips were first prepared and then milled. No significant changes were observed in the tensile and flexural strength of the composite specimens prepared with the LFMWF filler instead of the FFMWF. The samples containing the LFMWF filler showed lower water uptake and higher thickness swelling after 400 h of immersion. The coupling agent's effect on improving the mechanical properties of the specimens was more pronounced than its effect on the water uptake and thickness swelling of the specimens. The saturation magnetization of LFMWF was about 4.3 emu/g, while that of FFMWF was 0.94 emu/g. After melt compounding the MWFs with the polymer matrix, the saturation magnetization decreased; this decrease was about 9.9% higher for the FFMWF‐containing magnetic nanocomposites than for the LFMWF‐containing ones.
Preparation and properties of soap‐free emulsion of polyacrylate grafted by polyester with highHEMAcontent
Authors: Zhang Xinxin , Gong Shuling 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA waterborne polyacrylate with high methacrylicacid‐β‐hydroxyethyl ester (HEMA) content is synthesized by copolymerization of acrylate monomers and unsaturated polyester in soap free seed semi‐continuous emulsion. The unsaturated polyester is prepared by transesterification between the polyester with high hydroxyl content and methyl methacrylate (MMA). The influences of the HEMA content, acrylic acid (AA)/ methacrylic acid (MAA), and butyl acrylate (BA)/ styrene (St) ratio on properties of the emulsion and crosslinked films are discussed. The emulsion modified by copolymerization yields a high hydroxyl value (167 mgKOH g−1) and a low acid value (30.5 mgKOH g−1). The high hydroxyl content not only provides crosslinked sites for improving properties but also facilitates further curing if it does not degrade the stability of the emulsion. The modification by compolymerization is superior to modification by blending. The emulsion is further cured with amino resin HMMM and the optimum curing ratio is 6:1 of emulsion: HMMM. The crosslinked films have a high hydrophobicity and the water absorption is only 2.46%. Meanwhile, the film has good mechanical properties with the tensile strength reaches 7.5 MPa and the Young's modulus is 97.64 MPa.
Scratch behavior of fully sustainable polylactide/modified natural Eucommia ulmoides gum thermoplastic vulcanizates
Authors: Wang Yan , Zhang Zhancheng , Zhang Yaoming , Pei Xianqiang , Wang Tingmei , Wang Qihua 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTo make full use of the renewability of polylactide (PLA) and natural Eucommia ulmoides gum (EUG), novel fully sustainable thermal plastic vulcanizates (TPVs) with high toughness were developed via dynamic vulcanization technique based on modified EUG (referred to as EUG‐GMA). The latter greatly improved the toughness of PLA and the mechanism was discussed with respect to micro structure analysis. Aiming at providing theoretical guidance for PLA/EUG‐GMA TPVs in scratch related applications, the scratch behavior of TPVs with different EUG‐GMA content was studied in single‐pass and multiple‐pass scratching mode, after which the tribological mechanisms were discussed based on worn surface morphology and contact area analysis. It is revealed that the promoted interfacial adhesion due to in‐situ compatibilization and the co‐continuous phase structure of PLA/EUG‐GMA TPVs played crucial roles in enhancing the TPVs' toughness. In addition to tribo‐conditions, the above mentioned interfacial performance was also responsible for the variation of scratch behavior of different TPVs. It is expected that the present study would open up a new route of manufacturing sustainable composites combined with scratch resistance and toughness.
Synergistic enhancement in mechanical, thermal, and dielectric properties of PANI@BT/PVDF composites by adding 2D nanoplatelets
Authors: Li Guoan , Deng Wei , Li Wanyu , Yang Meng , Cui Weiwei 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPolymer‐based dielectric composites with simultaneously improved dielectric constant and breakdown strength have great potential applications in energy storage. In this paper, polyaniline@BaTiO3 (PANI@BT) nanoparticles with core‐shell structure are first fabricated by in‐situ chemical oxidative polymerization, and deposited on the surface of two‐dimensional nanoplatelets (graphene oxide [GO] and hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets [BNNS]), which are then utilized to prepare poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF)‐based composites. The presence of 2D nanoplatelets is found to significantly ameliorate the dispersion of PANI@BT particles in the PVDF matrix, and thus endowing the resultant PVDF composites with improved comprehensive performance. The dielectric constant of PANI@BT‐GO/PVDF and PANI@BT‐BNNS/PVDF composites with 50 wt% fillers increase to 124.9 and 169.5 at 100 Hz, accompanied with relatively low dielectric loss. When the filler content is 10 wt%, the breakdown strength of PANI@BT‐BNNS/PVDF achieves 133.5 kV/mm, which is 9.7% and 71.8% higher than that of the pristine PVDF and PANI@BT/PVDF composites. Meanwhile, the tensile stress also reaches the highest value of 43.38 MPa. In addition, the PANI@BT‐GO/PVDF and PANI@BT‐BNNS/PVDF composites present higher thermal decomposition temperature in comparison with PANI@BT/PVDF composites.
Small marine reserves provide conservation benefits for coastal sharks in southern New Zealand
Authors: Heldsinger Michael , Hepburn Christopher , Jowett Timothy , Rayment William 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

With the increasingly imperilled status of shark populations, there is a pressing need to evaluate management solutions. Given the threats posed by fishing, marine reserves (MRs) present a promising option.
Ata Whenua (Fiordland) in the South Island of Aotearoa/New Zealand is an ideal location to investigate this phenomenon owing to the presence of several shark species in coastal MRs.
One‐hundred and sixty‐seven baited remote underwater video deployments were made in five MRs. A multi‐model inference approach using generalized linear modelling was used to assess the combined effect of the MRs on two trophic groups of coastal sharks.
Generalized linear modelling was used to assess the effect of protection on, firstly, the presence of broadnose sevengill sharks (Notorynchus cepedianus), while accounting for variations in environmental variables, and secondly, the combined relative abundance of mesopredatory sharks detected (spiny dogfish, Squalus acanthias; school shark, Galeorhinus galeus; and carpet shark, Cephaloscyllium isabellum).
Mesopredators had a higher relative abundance in MRs by a factor of 2.5 and there was a strong significant effect of protection, suggesting that MRs have led to an increase in their abundance or a change in distribution. In contrast, there was no effect of protection detected for sevengill sharks.
It is concluded that the relatively small (<40 km2) MRs sampled do not provide conservation benefits for a large, mobile shark, but that they are potentially large enough to offer protection for mesopredatory sharks with smaller home ranges.
To be effective for shark conservation, we therefore recommend that MRs need to be appropriately sized for the ranging behaviour of the target species for protection.
Artemisinin‐isatin hybrids tethered via ethylene linker and their anti‐lung cancer activity
Authors: Wang Ruo , Zhang Qianru , Chen Min 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe synthesized 11 artemisinin‐isatin hybrids 5a–c and 6a–h tethered via ethylene linker were assessed for their in vitro antiproliferative activity against A549 and H1299 nonsmall‐cell lung cancer cell lines as well as their cytotoxicity towards BEAS‐2B human normal lung epithelial cells. The preliminary results showed that hybrids 5a–c and 6a–h did not show any cytotoxicity (IC50: >100 µM) on BEAS‐2B cells, and also possessed potential activity (IC50: 6.99–76.49 µM) against A549 and H1299 lung cancer cell lines. The representative hybrid 6c (IC50: 6.99 and 7.57 µM) was far more potent than artemisinin (IC50: >100 µM) and dihydroartemisinin (IC50: >100 µM), and was slightly less active than doxorubicin (IC50: 4.14 and 2.77 µM). Moreover, hybrid 6c also exhibited an excellent safety profile and good selectivity with SI values of >13.21. Therefore, hybrid 6c could serve as a promising candidate for further in vivo evaluations.
The quality and the accuracy of codes for terminations of pregnancy for fetal anomalies recorded in hospital databases in three countries in northern Europe
Authors: Garne Ester , Urhoj Stine Kjaer , Bakker Marian , Gissler Mika , Given Joanne , Heino Anna , Limb Elisabeth , Loane Maria , de Walle Hermien , Morris Joan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe number of terminations of pregnancy for fetal anomalies in Europe (TOPFA) has increased over recent decades. Therefore, it is important that TOPFAs, in addition to all other birth outcomes, are included in the surveillance of congenital anomalies and in studies on possible teratogenic risks of pregnancy exposures. The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality and the accuracy of codes identifying TOPFA cases in hospital databases.MethodsTOPFA cases recorded in three EUROCAT congenital anomaly registries (Finland, 2010–2014; Funen in Denmark, 2005–2014; and northern Netherlands, 2013–2014) were linked to hospital databases using maternal IDs.ResultsA total of 2,114 TOPFA cases over the study period were identified in the registries and 2,096 (99%) of these pregnancies were identified in the hospital databases. An end of pregnancy code was present for 91% of the cases and a code for a congenital anomaly was present for 82% (with some differences across registries). The proportion of TOPFA cases with a code for a specific congenital anomaly was <50% for cases with a structural anomaly (range 0%–50%) and 70% for cases with a chromosomal anomaly.ConclusionHospital databases have limited information or codes to identify TOPFAs for specific anomalies and the data are not detailed enough for surveillance of congenital anomalies or for studies analyzing pregnancy exposures and risk of congenital anomalies. However, hospital data may be used to identify the occurrence of a TOPFA to enable more detailed information to be obtained from the medical records.
Sustainable strategic management: A bibliometric analysis
Authors: Rao P. Kritee , Shukla Akanksha 
Published: December 2022

AbstractStrategy for a firm is a long‐term plan that persists. The enduring viability of these strategies depends on the ecological and environmental aspects of the firm, termed as sustainability. To address this concept, sustainable strategic management (SSM) has been introduced in the management domain. Over the last 30 years of the introduction of SSM, very few studies have systematically reviewed the researches in this purview. Therefore, this study examines the extant structure and future scope of the research on SSM through an inclusive bibliometric analysis of 221 articles. The database of Scopus and Web of Science is used in this study to sample these documents. The crucial contributors of the comprehensive literature are identified through the analysis of bibliographic coupling, citation analysis, co‐authorship analysis, co‐word analysis, co‐citation analysis and country publications, affiliations and collaboration map. The co‐citation analysis classifies the key thematic research interests into cluster of four, based on the co‐cited documents. However, the co‐word analysis identifies the co‐occurrence of keywords in the sampled documents. The country publications, affiliations and collaboration map indexes UK and USA as the top most country on number of articles and collaboration pattern and Europe and Asia as the prime continent on dominating the studies on SSM. The study provides insights on the current studies on SSM, which can be useful for researchers.
Are learning styles useful? A new software to analyze correlations with grades and a case study in engineering
Authors: Molina‐Cabello Miguel A. , Thurnhofer‐Hemsi Karl , Molina‐Cabello David , Palomo Esteban J. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractKnowing student learning styles represents an effective way to design the most suitable methodology for our students so that performance can improve with less effort for both students and teachers. However, a methodology is usually set in teaching guides according to the previous academic year's information without any knowledge of our current audience. In this work, a new software for learning styles and grade analysis based on the Honey‐Alonso Learning Styles Questionnaire has been proposed. This tool proposes the average learning style profiles of a given course by clustering student learning styles and analyzes the possible relation between grades and learning style profiles. By using that program, three different courses from Computer Sciences Engineering degrees during an academic year have been analyzed. The obtained results in our specific context exhibit that possible relation. This information could be useful to understand how students approach learning materials.
Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine Mylabris Based on Heavy Metal Risk Assessment and Analysis of Pharmacological Component Contents
Authors: Wu Faming , Peng Jie , Ran Junfeng , Tian Yubo , Li Xiang , Ren Yan , Gai Rongyin , Zhang Yunying 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAs a highly representative traditional Chinese anti‐tumor medicinal material, the biomass of Mylabris is collected from the wild. However, the living environments of Mylabris is differ, so Mylabris may be contaminated by heavy metal pollution depending on the environment. These environments may also affect the amount of biosynthesis of its medicinal ingredient, cantharidin, there by affecting the quality of Mylabris. In this study, we determined the heavy metal content in Mylabris from different origins by using ICP‐MS, evaluated the risk posed by these heavy metals, and recommended theoretical maximum limits of heavy metals in medicinal Mylabris. The results show that the Cu content in Mylabris is substantially higher than that in Cr, As, Pb, Cd, and Hg. A quantitative risk assessment showed that Mylabris poses no noncarcinogenic risks. The results of the total carcinogenic risk value showed that origins S12 and S13 pose carcinogenic risk by Cr and As, and the rest of the origins were in the human‐tolerable carcinogenic risk range. We found large differences in the cantharidin content in Mylabris from different origins. In general, the Mylabris from origins S2, S3 and S4 had a higher in vivo cantharidin content, which proved that the quality of the medicinal materials was higher here than in other production areas. Finally, we providing a reference for the quality evaluation of medicinal Mylabris materials.