bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patients' Experiences, Needs, and Expectations of Cooperation Between Medical Specialists and Occupational Health Physicians
Authors: Oosting Ilse J. , Kluit Lana , Schaafsma Frederieke G. , Beumer Annechien , van Bennekom Coen A. M. , de Boer Angela G. E. M. , de Wind Astrid 
Published: March 2023

Objective
Cooperation between clinical and occupational health care practitioners is a key aspect of clinical work-integrating care. This study aimed to gain insight into patients' experiences, needs, and expectations regarding cooperation between medical specialists and occupational health physicians.

Methods
A thematic qualitative study was conducted involving a total of 33 participants in eight online focus groups.

Results
Participants indicated practitioners are currently working in an isolated manner. However, participants desired for partnership between specialists and occupational health physicians to address work-related concerns and showed a need for explanation of the consequences of their diagnosis, so this can be translated into their ability to work.

Conclusions
Currently, cooperation between clinical and occupational health care is lacking. Yet, some participants experienced that these disciplines could complement each other by working together to support patients in work participation.
Synthesizing and Applying Molecular Targeted Imaging Results in Patients With Prostate Cancer (RADAR VII)
Authors: Crawford E. David , Harris Richard G. , Slovin Susan F. , Concepcion Raoul S. , Albala David M. , Gomella Leonard G. , Orio Peter F. , Sellinger Scott B. , Petrylak Daniel P. , Koo Phillip J. 
Published: March 2023

Purpose:
Molecular targeted imaging (MTI) is one of the most powerful new tools in the prostate cancer arsenal, but incorporation of MTI results into treatment decision making continues to be a challenge. Guidance is available for clinicians to determine when and how frequently MTI should be used, but clinicians also need to know how MTI results should influence management decisions.

Materials and methods:
In this review, the Radiographic Assessments for Detection of Advanced Recurrence (RADAR) VII group has developed consensus guidance for the use of MTI in clinical decision making. RADAR VII sought to include all physicians involved in the management of prostate cancer, including urologists, medical oncologists, radiation oncologists, and nuclear medicine specialists.

Results:
Recommendations were developed for the management of localized, biochemically recurrent, or nonmetastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (nmCRPC) by conventional imaging and metastatic disease by MTI. Recommendations were also developed for the treatment of patients with equivocal MTI results. These recommendations are based largely on clinical experience and limited clinical data because of a lack of high-quality, prospective studies regarding the role of MTI in clinical decision making. As such, the RADAR VII group also provides a framework for the incorporation of MTI into ongoing and future clinical trials to support the development of more robust recommendations.

Conclusions:
We developed several recommendations for the interpretation and application of MTI results for patients with localized disease, biochemical recurrence, and nmCRPC on conventional imaging. These recommendations should be viewed within the context of the limited available evidence and the dynamic nature of prostate cancer research.
Analysis of the Gene Therapies Authorized by the United States Food and Drug Administration and the European Medicines Agency
Authors: Ghanem Buthainah , Seoane-Vazquez Enrique , Brown Lawrence , Rodriguez-Monguio Rosa 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Gene therapy, altering the genes inside human cells, has recently emerged as an alternative for preventing and treating disease. Concerns have been expressed about the clinical value and the high cost of gene therapies.

Objective:
This study assessed the characteristics of the clinical trials, authorizations, and prices of gene therapies in the United States and the European Union.

Research Design:
We collected regulatory information from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Medicines Agency (EMA) and manufacturer-listed prices from the United States, UK, and Germany. Descriptive statistics and t tests were conducted in the study.

Results:
As of January 1, 2022, the FDA and EMA authorized 8 and 10 gene therapies, respectively. The FDA and EMA granted orphan designation to all gene therapies except talimogene laherparepvec. Pivotal clinical trials were nonrandomized, open level, uncontrolled, phase I–III, and included a limited number of patients. Study primary outcomes were mainly surrogate endpoints without demonstration of direct patient benefit. The price of gene therapies at market entry ranged from $200,064 to $2,125,000 million.

Conclusions:
Gene therapy is used to treat incurable diseases that affect only a small number of patients (orphan diseases). Based on this, they are approved by the EMA and FDA with insufficient clinical evidence to ensure safety and efficacy, in addition to the high cost.
POSTTRAUMATIC RUPTURED AXILLARY MONONEUROPATHY WITHOUT SHOULDER DISLOCATION IN AN AMERICAN FOOTBALL PLAYER: A CASE REPORT AND REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE
Authors: Meiling James B. , Bishop Allen T. , Young Nathan P. 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
A high-school-aged right-handed male presented with a 5-month history of persistent proximal right arm weakness and numbness after an American football stinger injury without a documented history of a shoulder dislocation or humeral fracture. He developed diffuse deltoid muscle atrophy, persistent shoulder abduction weakness, and reduced pinprick sensation confined to the axillary distribution over 5 months. Needle electromyography demonstrated dense fibrillation potentials and no voluntary activation in all three deltoid muscle heads, indicating a severe posttraumatic ruptured axillary mononeuropathy. The patient then underwent a complex 3-cable sural nerve graft repair for attempted reinnervation of the axillary-innervated muscles. Isolated axillary nerve injuries are usually associated with anterior shoulder dislocations; however, a severe isolated persistent axillary mononeuropathy from a ruptured axillary nerve may occur in trauma patients without a clear history of shoulder dislocation. These patients may present with only mild persistent weakness of shoulder abduction. Electrodiagnostic testing to fully assess axillary nerve function should still be considered to identify patients with high grade nerve injuries that may benefit from sural nerve grafting. The rapid recovery of our patient’s initial symptoms with persistent severe axillary injury suggests a unique vulnerability of the nerve due to the neuroanatomy and possibly other factors.
Adding weight shift training to weight reduction decreases the risk of falling in obese females: A prospective randomized controlled trial
Authors: Abdel-Aal Nabil Mahmoud , Ibrahim Amal Hassan , Samaha Hanan El-Sayed , Mohamed Hanaa Samir 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Objective
To examine the effect of adding weight shift training to a weight loss program on the risk of falling, fear of falling, overall stability, anteroposterior stability, mediolateral stability, and isometric knee torque in young obese women.

Design
A single-blinded, randomized controlled study was performed. Sixty females, 18-46 years, were randomly assigned either to the study or the control groups. The participants in the study group were given weight-shifting training plus a weight reduction program; the control group received only a weight-reduction program. The interventions were performed for 12 weeks. At baseline and after 12 weeks of training, the risk of falling, fear of falling, overall stability, anteroposterior stability, mediolateral stability, and isometric knee torque were all examined.

Results
There were statistically significant differences in risk of falling, fear of falling, isometric knee torque, and overall, anteroposterior, and mediolateral stability indices, in favor of the study group, after three months of training (P < 0.001).

Conclusions
Weight shift training combined with weight reduction was more beneficial than weight reduction alone in decreasing the risk of falling, fear of falling, and improving isometric knee torque, and overall, anteroposterior, and mediolateral stability indices. It could be used for treating balance problems and weakness around the knee joint in obese females.
Investigation of the relevant factors in the complexity of chronic low back pain patients with a physiotherapy prescription. A network analysis approach, comparing chronic-pain free individuals and chronic patients
Authors: Carta Giacomo , Costantini Giulio , Garzonio Stefano , Romano Daniele 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT

Objective
Chronic Low Back Pain (CLBP) is the leading cause of disability worldwide, and several factors have been proposed as potential causes or co-factors. We aimed to explore their direct and indirect relations to understand CLBP and identify relevant rehabilitation targets.

Methods
119 CLBP patients and 117 chronic-pain free individuals were assessed. A network analysis approach was employed to explore the complexity of CLBP by assessing the relations between pain intensity, disability, functionality (physical, social and psychological), age, body mass index, and education level.

Results
The network analysis revealed the independence of pain and disability related to CLBP from age, sex, and BMI. Crucially, pain intensity and disability are directly and strongly connected in chronic-pain free individuals, but not in CLBP patients. Psychosocial functioning is related to pain intensity and disability indirectly through the mediation of one’s general health perception and perceived physical functionality.

Conclusion
Clinicians should pay more attention to perceived physical functionality and psychosocial factors as they are tightly linked to CLBP. Indeed, pain intensity seems a sub-optimal rehabilitation target. Our study suggests that a biopsychosocial approach is much needed to investigate CLBP, but it also warns against overestimating the direct impact of each potential contributor.
Diagnosis of left atrial appendage thrombus using cardiac computed tomography: new insights from thrombi locations
Authors: Guo Chuxian , Jiang Zhi , He Jionghong , Ma Haiyan , Wang Yuquan , Tan Jing , Ou Qiaoqiao , Tian Ye , Tian Longhai , Liu Qifang , Huang Jing , Yang Long 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundCardiac computed tomography (CCT) is an emerging non-invasive modality for assessing left atrial appendage (LAA) thrombus, but the results were conflicting. Our study aims to evaluate the accuracy of CCT for detecting LAA thrombus in patients undergoing catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF), using transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) as the reference standard.MethodsFrom May 2017 to December 2022, 726 patients (male: 60.2%, age: 61±11 years) who had both TEE and CCT before catheter ablation of AF were retrospectively included. The CCT protocol consisted of one angiographic phase and one delayed scan 30 seconds later. LAA thrombi were defined as solid masses on TEE or persistent defects on CCT. The thrombus dimension and location, the LAA filling and emptying flow velocity were assessed by TEE.ResultsOf the 57(7.9%) patients with LAA thrombi identified by TEE, 29(50.9%) were located at the LAA ostium, and 28(49.1%) were in the LAA. The former showed higher motility following blood flow and heartbeats than the latter. The CCT detected 14(48.3%) of the LAA-ostium thrombi but 25(89.3%) of those in the LAA (p= 0.001). The LAA-ostium thrombi with the LAA mean flow velocity higher than 0.35m/s and maximum diameters shorter than 10mm were more prone to have CCT false-negative results.ConclusionFor patients undergoing catheter ablation for AF, CCT with a 30s delay scan is less sensitive to LAA thrombi than TEE, especially LAA-ostium thrombi with smaller sizes and higher LAA flow velocity.Clinical perspective sectionWhat are new?Over half of the LAA thrombi were located at the LAA ostium.The CCT was less sensitive to the LAA-ostium thrombi with smaller sizes and higher LAA flow velocity.What is the clinical implication?1. The CCT using a 30s delay scan did not reliably exclude the LAA thrombi for the patients scheduled for pulmonary vein isolation, especially those located at the LAA ostium.
Development of a self-monitoring system for lung transplant patients using information and communication technology: a pilot study
Authors: Shinohara Yoshikazu , Yamamoto Kazumichi , Wannous Muhammad , Yanagiya Masahiro , Nagano Masaaki , Kitano Kentaro , Sato Masaaki , Konoeda Chihiro , Nakajima Jun 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundLung transplantation is the final option for end-stage respiratory diseases. Postoperative monitoring of patients’ physical condition and performance of appropriate interventions for any abnormalities are important to improve the long-term success of lung transplantation. In Japan, patients’ handwritten self-management charts are widely used to record data for home spirometry, vital signs, and medication dosages. However, handwritten data are not suitable for assessment. We developed an internet-based real-time monitoring system (LT-FollowUp) that can easily assess patient data and detect any abnormalities that arise without delay. The aim of this pilot study was to examine the acceptability of LT-FollowUp to patients.MethodsThis was a prospective single-arm pilot cohort study. Lung transplant patients were recruited consecutively at regular outpatient visits from October 2020. Patients were instructed to enter their self-measurements (pulmonary functions and vital signs) and immunosuppressant dosages twice a day.Acceptability was assessed by the data filling rate. The changes in filling rate over time were evaluated using a linear mixed-effects model for repeated measurements.ResultsA total of 19 patients were included in the study. There were no significant differences in the filling rates between the handwritten charts and LT-FollowUp.ConclusionLT-FollowUp is an acceptable system for patients. Further development of the LT-FollowUp system may lead to better long-term clinical outcomes of lung transplantation.
Detection ofP. malariaeusing a new rapid isothermal amplification lateral flow assay
Authors: Assefa Ashenafi , Wamae Kevin K. , Hennelly Chris M. , Ngasala Billy , Muller Meredith , Kalonji Albert , Phanzu Fernandine , Cunningham Clark H. , Lin Jessica T. , Parr Jonathan B. 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTP. malariaeis found worldwide and causes chronic parasitism in its human hosts. We developed aP. malariae (Pm)diagnostic assay that uses rapid, isothermal recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) and lateral-flow-strip detection. Using 18S rRNA plasmid DNA, the assay demonstrates a detection limit of 10 copies /µL (∼1.7 genome equivalents) and 100% analytical specificity. Testing in field samples showed 95% clinical sensitivity and 88% specificity compared to qPCR. Total assay time was 35 minutes. Combined with simplified DNA extraction methods, the assay has potential for future field-deployable point-of-care use to detect a parasite species that remains largely undiagnosed.
NovelCYP1B1-RMDN2Alzheimer’s disease locus identified by genome-wide association analysis of cerebral tau deposition on PET
Authors: Nho Kwangsik , Risacher Shannon L. , Apostolova Liana , Bice Paula J. , Brosch Jared , Deardorff Rachael , Faber Kelley , Farlow Martin R. , Foroud Tatiana , Gao Sujuan , Rosewood Thea , Kim Jun Pyo , Nudelman Kelly , Yu Meichen , Aisen Paul , Sperling Reisa , Hooli Basavaraj , Shcherbinin Sergey , Svaldi Diana , Jack Clifford R. , Jagust William J. , Landau Susan , Vasanthakumar Aparna , Waring Jeffrey F. , Doré Vincent , Laws Simon M. , Masters Colin L. , Porter Tenielle , Rowe Christopher C. , Villemagne Victor L , Dumitrescu Logan , Hohman Timothy J. , Libby Julia B. , Mormino Elizabeth , Buckley Rachel F. , Johnson Keith , Yang Hyun-Sik , Petersen Ronald C. , Ramanan Vijay K. , Vemuri Prashanthi , Cohen Ann D. , Fan Kang-Hsien , Kamboh M. Ilyas , Lopez Oscar L. , Bennett David A. , Ali Muhammad , Benzinger Tammie , Cruchaga Carlos , Hobbs Diana , De Jager Philip L. , Fujita Masashi , Jadhav Vaishnavi , Lamb Bruce T. , Tsai Andy P. , Castanho Isabel , Mill Jonathan , Weiner Michael W. ,   Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI),   the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative – Department of Defense,   the Anti-Amyloid Treatment in Asymptomatic Alzheimer’s Study (A4 Study),   Australian Imaging, Biomarker & Lifestyle Study (AIBL), Saykin Andrew J. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDetermining the genetic architecture of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathologies can enhance mechanistic understanding and inform precision medicine strategies. Here, we performed a genome-wide association study of cortical tau quantified by positron emission tomography in 3,136 participants from 12 independent studies. TheCYP1B1-RMDN2locus was associated with tau deposition. The most significant signal was at rs2113389, which explained 4.3% of the variation in cortical tau, whileAPOE4rs429358 accounted for 3.6%. rs2113389 was associated with higher tau and faster cognitive decline. Additive effects, but no interactions, were observed between rs2113389 and diagnosis,APOE4, and Aβ positivity.CYP1B1expression was upregulated in AD. rs2113389 was associated with higherCYP1B1expression and methylation levels. Mouse model studies provided additional functional evidence for a relationship betweenCYP1B1and tau deposition but not Aβ. These results may provide insight into the genetic basis of cerebral tau and novel pathways for therapeutic development in AD.
External Validation of DeepBleed: The first open-source 3D Deep Learning Network for the Segmentation of Intracerebral and Intraventricular Hemorrhage
Authors: Cao Haoyin , Morotti Andrea , Mazzacane Federico , Desser Dmitriy , Schlunk Frieder , Güttler Christopher , Kniep Helge , Penzkofer Tobias , Fiehler Jens , Hanning Uta , Dell’Orco Andrea , Nawabi Jawed 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectivesDeepBleed is the first publicly available deep neural network model for the 3D segmentation of acute intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) on non-enhanced CT scans (NECT). The aim of this study was to evaluate the generalizability in an independent heterogenous ICH cohort and to improve the prediction accuracy by retraining the model.MethodsThis retrospective study included patients from three European stroke centers diagnosed with acute spontaneous ICH and IVH on NECT between January 2017 and June 2020. Patients were divided into a training-, validation- and test cohort according to the initial study. Model performance was evaluated using metrics of dice score (DSC), sensitivity, and positive predictive values (PPV) in the original model (OM) and the retrained model (RM) for each ICH location. Students’ t-test was used to compare the DSC between the two models. A multivariate linear regression model was used to identify variables associated with the DSC. Pearson correlation coefficients (r) were calculated to evaluate the volumetric agreement with the manual reference (ground truth: GT). Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were calculated to evaluate segmentation agreement with the GT compared to expert raters.ResultsIn total, 1040 patients were included. Segmentations of the OM had a median DSC, sensitivity, and PPV of 0.84, 0.79, and 0.93, compared to 0.83, 0.80, and 0.91 in the RM, adjusted p-values > 0.05. Performance metrics for infratentorial ICH improved from a median DSC of 0.71 for brainstem and 0.48 for cerebellar ICH in the OM to 0.77 and 0.79 in the RM. ICH volume and location were significantly associated with the DSC, p-values < 0.05. Volumetric measurements showed strong agreement with the GT (r > 0.90), p-value >0.05. Agreement of the automated segmentations with the GT were excellent (ICC ≥ 0.9, p-values <0.001), however worse if compared to the human expert raters (p-values <0.0001).ConclusionsDeepBleed demonstrated an overall good generalization in an independent validation cohort and location specific variances improved significantly after model retraining. Segmentations and volume measurements showed a strong agreement with the manual reference; however, the quality of segmentations was lower compared to human expert raters. This is the first publicly available external validation of the open-source DeepBleed network for spontaneous ICH introduced by Sharrock et al.
Discrepancies between registered protocol and final publication in exercise interventions for chronic low back pain: a meta-research study
Authors: Bargeri Silvia , Basso Giacomo , Geraci Ignazio , Castellini Greta , Chiarotto Alessandro , Gianola Silvia , Ostelo Raymond , Testa Marco , Innocenti Tiziano 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTBackgroundEvidence of selective reporting bias is common in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of various medical fields, undermining their integrity and credibility. However, this has not yet been assessed in exercise for chronic low back pain (cLBP) RCTs. Therefore, we will aim to assess the prevalence of discrepancies between the registered protocol and final publication in this field and the characteristics of RCTs with and without such discrepancies.MethodsWe will start from the RCTs included in the 2021 Cochrane review (n=249) and identified in its update (n=172) to select all RCTs reporting a protocol registration. Standardized data collection form will be developed to record information from both registration and publication. We will then detect discrepancies for primary and secondary outcomes, outcomes measures, timepoints, number of arms and statistical analysis plans between the registered protocol and final publication. We will use descriptive statistics to assess the proportion of RCTs with and without a discrepancy as well as to compare their characteristics.Ethics and disseminationWe will offer insights and recommendations for future RCTs avoiding selective reporting that can reflect in subsequent inaccuracies in systematic reviews or guidelines for clinical practice. Results of this study will be shared through conference presentations and publication in a peer-reviewed journals.
Scleral appearance is not a correlate of domestication in mammals
Authors: Caspar Kai R. , Hüttner Lisa , Begall Sabine 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNumerous hypotheses try to explain the unusual appearance of the human eye with its bright sclera and transparent conjunctiva and how it could have evolved from a dark-eyed phenotype, as is present in many non-human primates. Recently, it has been argued that pigmentation defects induced by self-domestication may have led to bright-eyed ocular phenotypes in humans and some other primate lineages, such as marmosets. However, it has never been systematically studied whether actual domesticated mammals consistently deviate from wild mammals in regard to their conjunctival pigmentation and if this trait might therefore be part of a domestication syndrome. Here, we test this idea by drawing phylogenetically informed comparisons from a photographic dataset spanning 13 domesticated mammal species and their closest living wild relatives. We did not recover significant differences in scleral appearance or irido-scleral contrast between domesticated and wild forms, suggesting that conjunctival depigmentation, unlike cutaneous pigmentation disorders, is not a general correlate of domestication. Regardless of their domestication status, macroscopically depigmented conjunctivae were observed in carnivorans and lagomorphs, whereas ungulates generally displayed darker eyes. Based on our dataset, we also present preliminary evidence for a general increase of conjunctival pigmentation with eye size in mammals. Our findings suggest that conjunctival depigmentation in humans is not a byproduct of self-domestication, even if we assume that our species has undergone such a process in its recent evolutionary history.