bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrative GWAS and co-localisation analysis suggests novel genes associated with age-related multimorbidity
Authors: West Clare E. , Karim Mohd , Falaguera Maria J. , Speidel Leo , Green Charlotte J. , Logie Lisa , Schwartzentruber Jeremy , Ochoa David , Lord Janet M. , Ferguson Michael A. J. , Bountra Chas , Wilkinson Graeme F. , Vaughan Beverley , Leach Andrew R. , Dunham Ian , Marsden Brian D. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAdvancing age is the greatest risk factor for developing multiple age-related diseases. Therapeutic approaches targeting the underlying pathways of ageing, rather than individual diseases, may be an effective way to treat and prevent age-related morbidity while reducing the burden of polypharmacy. We harness the Open Targets Genetics Portal to perform a systematic analysis of nearly 1,400 genome-wide association studies (GWAS) mapped to 34 age-related diseases and traits, identifying genetic signals that are shared between two or more of these traits. Using locus-to-gene (L2G) mapping, we identify 995 targets with shared genetic links to age-related diseases and traits, which are enriched in mechanisms of ageing and include known ageing and longevity-related genes. Of these 995 genes, 128 are the target of an approved or investigational drug, 526 have experimental evidence of binding pockets or are predicted to be tractable, and 341 have no existing tractability evidence, representing underexplored genes which may reveal novel biological insights and therapeutic opportunities. We present these candidate targets for exploration and prioritisation in a web application.
Identification and evolution of nsLTPs in the root nodule nitrogen fixation clade and molecular response of Frankia to AgLTP24
Authors: Gasser Mélanie , Keller Jean , Fournier Pascale , Pujic Petar , Normand Philippe , Boubakri Hasna 
Published: September 2023

AbstractNon-specific lipid transfer proteins (nsLTPs) are antimicrobial peptides, involved in several plant biological processes including root nodule nitrogen fixation (RNF). Nodulating plants belonging to the RNF clade establish symbiosis with the nitrogen-fixing bacteria rhizobia (legumes symbiosis model) and Frankia (actinorhizal symbiosis model) leading to root nodule formation. nsLTPs are involved in processes active in early step of symbiosis and functional nodule in both models. In legumes, nsLTPs have been shown to regulate symbiont entry, promote root cortex infection, membrane biosynthesis, and improve symbiosis efficiency. More recently, a nsLTP, AgLTP24 has been described in the context of actinorhizal symbiosis between Alnus glutinosa and Frankia alni ACN14a. AgLTP24 is secreted at an early step of symbiosis on the deformed root hairs and targets the symbiont in the nitrogen-fixing vesicles in functional nodules. nsLTPs are involved in RNF, but their functions and evolutionary history are still largely unknown. Numerous putative nsLTPs were found up-regulated in functional nodules compared to non-infected roots in different lineages within the RNF clade. Here, results highlight that nodulating plants that are co-evolving with their nitrogen-fixing symbionts appear to have independently specialized nsLTPs for this interaction, suggesting a possible convergence of function, which opens perspectives to investigate nsLTPs functions in RNF.
Segmental hair analysis as a retrospective testosterone diary: possibilities and pitfalls
Authors: Preinbergs Julia K. , Ström Jakob O. , Theodorsson Elvar , Ingberg Edvin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractTestosterone is thought to be incorporated in growing hair strands so that specific hair segments reflect average free hormone concentrations from the corresponding time period. However, the exact mechanisms of hormone integration in scalp hair have not yet been established and it is not known how testosterone is stored in the hair segments over time. The aim of this study was to investigate the stability of testosterone concentrations in hair as it grows and to determine if segmental hair analysis can be used as a retrospective testosterone diary. Thirty men and 40 women provided two hair samples and 16 saliva samples during a period of three months. Hair growth between the two samplings was measured. Hair samples were cut into 10 mm segments resulting in three segments from the first sampling and six segments from the second sampling. Hair samples were pulverised and extracted with methanol. Hair testosterone concentrations were analysed using an in-house radioimmunoassay. Salivary testosterone was analysed using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Demeditec). The results demonstrated that there is a degree of segmental hormone conservation over time (rho = 0.405–0.461, p < 0.001, n = 66–67), but also highlighted three potential confounders. Firstly, testosterone concentrations were higher in distal hair segments (mean concentration ratio most distal by most scalp-near was 1.55, SD 0.70), which may be due to continuous hormone integration from sebum and changes in hair matrix composition. Secondly, more frequent hair washing stunted the increase in testosterone concentrations in distal segments (rho = −0.404, p =  < 0.001, n = 66). And lastly, intra- and inter- individual variability in hair growth rate influenced the temporal resolution along the hair, although mean growth rate was indeed 30.0 mm for three months. In a multiple regression model the biological sex, natural hair colour, and relationship status were significant explanatory variables to hair testosterone concentrations. The current results indicate that repeated hair sampling near the hair roots during a study may be preferable to analysing concentration changes between proximal and distal segments within the same hair sample. Also, hair testosterone analysis needs to be adjusted for sex and the natural hair colour.
FGF-23 is a biomarker of RV dysfunction and congestion in patients with HFrEF
Authors: Benes Jan , Kroupova Katerina , Kotrc Martin , Petrak Jiri , Jarolim Petr , Novosadova Vendula , Kautzner Josef , Melenovsky Vojtech 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThere is no biomarker reflecting right ventricular dysfunction in HFrEF patients used in clinical practice. We have aimed to look for a circulating marker of RV dysfunction employing a quantitative proteomic strategy. The Olink Proteomics Multiplex panels (Cardiovascular Disease II, III, Cardiometabolic, and Inflammation Target Panels) identified FGF-23 to be the most differentially abundant (more than 2.5-fold) in blood plasma of HF patients with severe RV dysfunction (n = 30) compared to those with preserved RV function (n = 31). A subsequent ELISA-based confirmatory analysis of circulating FGF-23 in a large cohort of patients (n = 344, 72.7% NYHA III/IV, LVEF 22.5%, 54.1% with moderate/severe RV dysfunction), followed by multivariable regression analysis, revealed that the plasma FGF-23 level was most significantly associated with RV dysfunction grade (p = 0.0004) and congestion in the systemic circulation (p = 0.03), but not with LV-ejection fraction (p = 0.69) or estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR, p = 0.08). FGF-23 was associated with the degree of RV dysfunction in both sub-cohorts (i.e. in patients with and without congestion, p < 0.0001). The association between FGF-23 and RV-dysfunction remained significant after the adjustment for BNP (p = 0.01). In contrast, when adjusted for BNP, FGF-23 was no longer associated with LV dysfunction (p = 0.59). The Cox proportional hazard model revealed that circulating FGF-23 was significantly associated with adverse outcomes even after adjusting for BNP, LVEF, RV dysfunction grade and eGFR. Circulating FGF-23 is thus a biomarker of right ventricular dysfunction in HFrEF patients regardless of congestion status.
Incidence and molecular epidemiology of hepatitis C virus reinfection in prisons in Catalonia, Spain (Re-HCV study)
Authors: Saludes Verónica , Bordoy Antoni E. , Yela Elena , Turú Elisabet , Not Anna , López-Corbeto Evelin , Egea-Cortés Laia , González-Candelas Fernando , Casabona Jordi ,   Group for the Study and Control of Infectious Diseases in Prison (GRUMIP), Teixidó Núria , Sastre Anna , Ruíz Ana , Gallego Carlos , Touzón Carlos , Solé Concepció , Planella Ramón , Vaz Elisa , Guerrero Rafael A. , Marco Andrés , Martró Elisa 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHepatitis C virus (HCV) reinfection may hamper HCV elimination in prisons. We aimed to (i) determine the reinfection rate in people treated for HCV in Catalan prisons, (ii) measure reinfection in people entering prisons, and (iii) characterize the molecular epidemiology of HCV in prisons and people who inject drugs (PWID) in the community. Re-HCV was a prospective study in eight prisons (2019–2020) including two groups: (1) people cured with treatment in prison and followed-up every 6 months, and (2) people testing HCV-RNA positive at incarceration. Bio-behavioral data were collected. HCV isolates were sequenced and phylogenetically analyzed with those of PWID in the community. Reinfection follow-up after treatment was achieved in 97 individuals (103.05 person-years). Two reinfections were detected, resulting in an incidence ≤ 10/100 person-years. Among people entering prison, 2% (359/17,732) were viremic, of which 334 (93.0%) were included, and 44 (13.5%) presented with reinfection (84.7% being PWID). Frequently, HCV isolates in prisons and PWID in the community were phylogenetically related. Although HCV reinfection is low after treatment, it is common in people entering Catalan prisons. To maintain a low HCV prevalence in prisons, harm-reduction services and test-and-treat programs for PWID should be strengthened both inside and outside prisons.
Laterality influence on gene expression of DNA damage repair in colorectal cancer
Authors: Oliveira-Silveira Juliano , Filippi-Chiela Eduardo , Saffi Jenifer 
Published: September 2023

AbstractColorectal carcinoma (CRC) is the third most common malignancy worldwide, and second in number of deaths in the world. The molecular pathogenesis of CRC is heterogeneous and can affect several genes. Moreover, genomic instability is recognized as an important part of CRC carcinogenesis and is tightly connected to DNA damage response. DNA damage repair (DDR) pathways are intrinsically associated with cancer development and establishment. Traditionally, CRC is considered as one coherent disease, however, new evidence shows that left and right-sided CRC present differences observed in clinical settings, as well as in pre-clinical studies. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the impact of DDR transcriptional profiles on survival in different sublocations of the colon and rectum using Cox regression, survival analysis and differential gene expression. Right side colon (RSC) has DDR genes’ expression associated only with higher risk of death, while left side colon (LSC) and Rectum have most genes’ expression associated with lower risk. The pattern is the same with survival analysis. All significant DDR genes had lower expression associated with better survival in RSC, as opposed to LSC and Rectum. Our results demonstrate that RSC is distinctively different from LSC and Rectum. LSC and Rectum have similar DDR expression profiles.
New insight into the additives in preparation and reduction of shield slurry
Authors: Liu Zhitao , Wu Silin , Zhou Aizhao , Sun Xiaohui , Xu Haoqing , Dong Shutong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn the preparation of the slurry in the slurry shield (SSS) and subsequent reduction of the waste slurry produced by the slurry shield (WSSS), the additives in SSS improve the quality of filtration cake on the excavation surface, but they may also remain in WSSS, which have a negative impact on the reduction efficiency of WSSS. Therefore, it is valuable to establish the relationship between SSS and WSSS with additives as a link. Given this, this paper prepared WSSS with different dosages of additives and studied the influence of residual additives on the reduction. The residual additives made the reduction efficiency of WSSS worse, and the specific resistance to filtration increased by one to two orders of magnitude. The residual additives change the content of bound water or reduce the available sites of the soil particles that can be adsorbed by flocculants, leading to worse reduction results. To reduce the difficulty of reduction, combining polymer and bentonite as additives are recommended to prepare SSS. Polyaluminium chloride (PAC) acts by reducing bound water content through the interaction with residual bentonite, simultaneously augmenting PAM flocculation, which is recommended for reducing WSSS. This paper provides a reference for selecting materials used to prepare SSS and the subsequent reduction of WSSS.
Effect of heat and mass transfer on the nanofluid of peristaltic flow in a ciliated tube
Authors: Abd-Alla A. M. , Abo-Dahab S. M. , Abdelhafez M. A. , Elmhedy Y. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe current work focuses attention on discussing the peristaltic flow of Rabinowitsch nanofluid through ciliated tube. This technical study analyzes heat and mass transfer effects on the flow of a peristaltic flow, incompressible, nanofluid via a ciliated tube. The governing non-linear partial differential equations representing the flow model are transmuted into linear ones by employing the appropriate non-dimensional parameters under the assumption of long wavelength and low Reynolds number. The flow is examined in wave frame of reference moving with the velocity $$c$$
c
. The governing equations have been solved to determine velocity, temperature, concentration, the pressure gradient, pressure rise and the friction force. Using MATLAB R2023a software, a parametric analysis is performed, and the resulting data is represented graphically. The results indicate that the various emerging parameters of interest significantly affect the nanofluid properties within the tube. The present study enhances the comprehension of nanofluid dynamics in tube and offers valuable insights into the influence of heat and mass transfer in such setups. Convective heat transfer is found to be greater at the boundaries resulting in decreased temperature there.
Methane reduction by quercetin, tannic and salicylic acids: influence of molecular structures on methane formation and fermentation in vitro
Authors: Nørskov Natalja P. , Battelli Marco , Curtasu Mihai V. , Olijhoek Dana W. , Chassé Élisabeth , Nielsen Mette Olaf 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPlant secondary metabolites (PSMs) can potentially reduce ruminal methane formation. However, related to differences in their molecular structures, it is not yet clear what causes an anti-methanogenic effect. In an in vitro system simulating rumen fermentation, we investigated the impact of eight compounds with distinct chemical characteristics (gallic and salicylic acids, tannic acid, catechin, epicatechin, quercetin, rutin, and salicin) when added to a basal feed (maize silage) at a concentration of 12% of the feed dry matter. After 48 h of incubation in buffered rumen fluid, methane production was significantly lowered by quercetin (43%), tannic acid (39%) and salicylic acid (34%) compared to the control (maize silage alone) and without changes in total volatile fatty acid production during fermentation. No other PSM reduced methane formation as compared to control but induced significant differences on total volatile fatty acid production. The observed differences were related to lipophilicity, the presence of double bond and carbonyl group, sugar moieties, and polymerization of the compounds. Our results indicate the importance of distinct molecular structures of PSMs and chemical characteristics for methane lowering properties and volatile fatty acid formation. Further systematic screening studies to establish the structure–function relationship between PSMs and methane reduction are warranted.
The yield of common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) depends on the genotype but not on the Pin-to-Thrum ratio
Authors: Płażek Agnieszka , Kopeć Przemysław , Dziurka Michał , Słomka Aneta 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCommon buckwheat has a complicated flowering biology. It is characterized by a strong self-incompatibility resulting from heterostyly, i.e. the occurrence of two types of flowers: Pin and Thrum, differing in the length of pistils and stamens. Fertilization occurs only as a result of cross-pollination between these morphs. Suspicions exist that the disturbed ratio between plants producing Pin and Thrum flowers (with the latter type generating more seeds) causes low seed yield. The aim of the study was to analyze: (1) the ratio between plants with Pin and Thrum morphs, (2) flower and seed production, as well as abortion of flowers, (3) the composition of nectar collected at an early flowering stage and during full flowering. The study was performed under semi-controlled and field conditions on six Polish accessions. The results indicated that under semi-controlled conditions the Pin-to-Thrum ratio was indeed disproportionate; such a phenomenon is called anisoplethy. In the field, however, the Pin-to-Thrum ratio was well-balanced (isoplethy). The plants with both morphs aborted a similar percentage of flowers and produced a comparable number of empty seeds. The number of flowers, their abortion, and ripe seed production were independent of flower type, however, they were genotypically controlled. A strong correlation between the number of flowers produced by a plant, flower abortion and the number of empty seeds was found. The percentage of aborted flowers correlated positively with the weight of ripe seeds. Nectar composition was similar for all buckwheat genotypes, but we found some differences in the amount of individual sugars depending on the blooming stage. In the majority of accessions, the nectar produced at the early blooming stage was characterized by a greater mass and volume, and contained more individual sugars than at the full-flowering stage.
Measuring the monetization strategies of websites with application to pro- and anti-vaccine communities
Authors: Broniatowski David A. , Greene Kevin T. , Pisharody Nilima , Rogers Daniel J. , Shapiro Jacob N. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAnti-vaccine content and other kinds of misinformation are hypothesized to be more heavily monetized than other kinds of online content. We test this hypothesis by applying several novel and scalable measures of website monetization strategies to more than 400,000 links shared by 261 anti-vaccine Facebook pages and 190 pro-vaccine ones. Contrary to expectations, websites promoted in pro-vaccine venues do more to monetize attention than those promoted in anti-vaccine venues. This is a consequence of how intensely monetized news websites are—pro-vaccine venues share more links to news. The specific news sites shared by anti-vaccine venues are rated less credible by fact-checking organizations, but we find little substantive difference in their monetization strategies. These results emphasize the need to interpret measures of monetization within the context of the broader “attention economy”.
Research progress of different components of PM2.5 and ischemic stroke
Authors: Li Bin , Ma Yong , Zhou Yu , Chai Erqing 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPM2.5 is a nonhomogeneous mixture of complex components produced from multiple sources, and different components of this mixture have different chemical and biological toxicities, which results in the fact that the toxicity and hazards of PM2.5 may vary even for the same mass of PM2.5. Previous studies on PM2.5 and ischemic stroke have reached different or even opposing conclusions, and considering the heterogeneity of PM2.5 has led researchers to focus on the health effects of specific PM2.5 components. However, due to the complexity of PM2.5 constituents, assessing the association between exposure to specific PM2.5 constituents and ischemic stroke presents significant challenges. Therefore, this paper reviews and analyzes studies related to PM2.5 and its different components and ischemic stroke, aiming to understand the composition of PM2.5 and identify its harmful components, elucidate their relationship with ischemic stroke, and thus provide some insights and considerations for studying the biological mechanisms by which they affect ischemic stroke and for the prevention and treatment of ischemic stroke associated with different components of PM2.5.
Gender differences in the association between body mass index and recent suicide attempts in Chinese patients with first-episode drug-naïve major depressive disorder
Authors: Liu Junjun , Li Zhe , Jia Fengnan , Yuan Hsinsung , Zhou Yue , Xia Xingzhi , Yang Ruchang , Wu Yuxuan , Zhang Xiaobin , Ye Gang , Du Xiangdong , Zhang Xiangyang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractControversial evidence exists on the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and suicide attempts (SA) in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). This cross-sectional study aimed to explore the association between BMI and SA in first-episode drug-naïve (FEDN) MDD patients in China. The study was conducted from 2016 to 2018 in Taiyuan, China. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyzed the BMI–SA association, with subgroup analysis for gender. Threshold effects were examined using two-piecewise regression. In males, BMI was significantly associated with SA (OR = 0.84, 95% CI 0.74–0.94, P = 0.003) after full adjustment, but not in females (OR = 0.97, 95% CI 0.89–1.06, P = 0.541). The interaction with gender was significant (P for interaction < 0.05). Smoothing plots revealed an L-shaped BMI–SA relationship in both genders, with BMI inflection points at 27.3 kg/m2 in males and 21.4 kg/m2 in females. Below the inflection points, BMI is negatively associated with SA in males (OR = 0.75, 95% CI 0.66–0.86, P < 0.001) and females (OR = 0.48, 95% CI 0.32–0.72, P < 0.001). Above the inflection points, no association existed for both genders (all P > 0.05). Results showed an L-shaped nonlinear BMI–SA relationship in FEDN MDD patients but differing BMI inflection points between genders, thus contributing to effective prevention programs for suicide.