bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE UNFORGETTABLE WOMEN OF HISTORY IN INDIA: UNTOLD STORIES OF BRAVERY, RESILIENCE, AND EMPOWERMENT
Authors: Shabir Ahmad Dar  , Irshad Ahmad Reshi  , Adil Rashid Malik  
Published: May 2023

Abstract
"Unforgettable Women of History in India: Untold Stories of Bravery, Resilience, and Empowerment" is a book that showcases the remarkable stories of women who have made significant contributions to Indian history. Through a collection of narratives, it presents the struggles and achievements of women from diverse backgrounds who have defied societal norms and expectations to pursue their goals and fight for their rights and the rights of others. This paper provides an overview of the book, highlighting its key themes and contributions to our understanding of the role of women in Indian history. Women have played a significant role in shaping Indian history, yet their stories are often overlooked or overshadowed. This research paper explores the lives of some of the unforgettable women in Indian history, who have shown exceptional bravery, resilience, and empowerment. Through a comprehensive analysis of their lives and accomplishments, this paper aims to shed light on the contribution of these women to India's rich and diverse cultural heritage. The research paper also examines the societal and cultural contexts in which these women lived and operated, highlighting the challenges and barriers they faced and overcame.
Pengetahuan Aktivitas Fisik Pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus
Authors: Chairun Nisa  , Yudi Akbar  , Liza Wahyuni  
Published: May 2023

ABSTRAK
Diabetes melitus (DM) suatu kelompok penyakit metabolik dengan karakteristik hiperglikemia penyakit ini dapat menyerang beberapa organ tubuh yang mengakibatkan berbagai macam keluhan. Diabetes melitus merupakan penyakit yang semakin tahun terus meningkat khususnya di Indonesia. Salah satu faktor pencetus diabetes melitus adalah kurangnya aktivitas fisik. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan pendekatan Deskriptif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini 495 responden dengan Sampel penelitian berjumlah 83 responden, responden dalam penelitian ini adalah pasien DM di Puskesmas Bebesen Kabupaten Aceh Tengah. Tehnik pengambilan simple random sampling. Intrument yang digunakan kuesioner yang berjumlah 17 pertanyaan dan analisa data yang digunakan adalah univariat. Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa sebagian besar pengetahuan responden bedasarkan Pengetahuan Aktivitas Fisik Pada Pasien DM berada dalam katagori cukup sebanyak (94%), pengetahuan baik (4,8%), dan pengetahuan kurang (1,2%) kesimpulan pada penelitian ini yaitu pasien diabetes melitus mempunyai pengetahuan yang cukup tentang aktivitas fisik dapat mencegah penyakit diabetes melitus. Dari hasil penelitian ini diharapkan pasien DM dapat melakukan aktivitas fisik sehari-hari sebagai mana aktivitas fisik yang dilakukan dapat mencegah atau dapat mengurangi kadar gula darah dalam tubuh paisen.
Hubungan Kepatuhan Diet Dengan Pencegahan Komplikasi Pada Penderita Hipertensi
Authors: Icha Novitasari  , Sri Andala  , Yudi Akbar  
Published: May 2023

Hipertensi penyakit kronik dalam jangka panjang akan terjadi komplikasi. Adapun mencegah terjadinya komplikasi salah satu cara yang terbaik dengan patuh terhadap diet.Kepatuhan diet diyakini efektif dalam menjaga kestabilan tekanan darah pada penderita hipertensi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan kepatuhan diet dengan pencegahan komplikasi pada penderita hipertensi.Desain Penelitian ini menggunakan kuantitatif bersifat cross sectional. Sampel berjumlah 63 orang. Pengambilan sampel dengan metode simpel random sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan penyebaran kuesioner dan analisa data menggunakan uji chi square.Hasil penelitian diperoleh penderita hipertensi yang patuh terhadap diet sebanyak 42 orang (66,7%) dan yang tidak patuh sebanyak 21 orang (33,3%).pencegahan komplikasi yang baik sebanyak 39 orang dan yang kurang baik sebanyak 24 orang (38,1%). Hasil uji chi square menunjukkan ada hubungan kepatuhan diet dengan pencegahan komplikasi dengan nilai P_ value = 0,002 < ɑ (0,05).Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah semakin patuh seseorang terhadap diet hipertensi akan meminimalisir terjadinya komplikasi.Penderita hipertensi yang menerapkan diet dengan baik dapat mempertahankan kestabilan tekanan darah sehingga meningkatkan status kesehatan. Disarakan untuk puskesmas dewantara agar dapat memanagerial pola diet dengan baik kepada penderita hipertensi.
hubungan tingkat stres dengan perilaku merokok
Authors: Riski dian ardianti  , Panji  , Sri Andala  , Syarkawi  
Published: May 2023

Merokok dapat mengakibatkan berbagai gangguan seperti gangguan paru-paru, kanker, impotensi, gangguan reproduksi, stroke, serta gangguan kehamilan dan janin. Perilaku merokok merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang sangat serius karena berbagai bahaya yang ditimbulkannya. Umumnya laki-laki yang mengalami stress cenderung melakukan penyimpangan perilaku seperti merokok. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk Hubungan Antara Tingkat Stress Dengan Perilaku Merokok Di Gampong Pante Ara Kecamatan Peusangan Kabupaten Bireuen. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan Cross Sectional. Jumlah N 78 orang dengan teknik total sampling. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan kuesioner, hasil penelitian di sajikan dalam bentuk distribusi frekuensi, serta menggunakan uji chi-square. Dari hasil penelitian ini m
Merokok dapat mengakibatkan berbagai gangguan seperti gangguan paru-paru, kanker, impotensi, gangguan reproduksi, stroke, serta gangguan kehamilan dan janin. Perilaku merokok merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang sangat serius karena berbagai bahaya yang ditimbulkannya. Umumnya laki-laki yang mengalami stress cenderung melakukan penyimpangan perilaku seperti merokok. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk Hubungan Antara Tingkat Stress Dengan Perilaku Merokok Di Gampong Pante Ara Kecamatan Peusangan Kabupaten Bireuen. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan Cross Sectional. Jumlah N 78 orang dengan teknik total sampling. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan kuesioner, hasil penelitian di sajikan dalam bentuk distribusi frekuensi, serta menggunakan uji chi-square. Dari hasil penelitian ini menunnjukan bahwa tingkat stress ringan 51.3%, sedang 42,3%, berat 6.4%, dan perilaku merokok ringan 15.4%, sedang 24.4%, berat 60.3%. Dari hasil uji statistic didapatkan nilai p-0,000< sig_ a=0,05, artinya nilai probiliti lebih rendah dari nilai sig_ a=0,05. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut disimpulkan bahwa ada Hubungan Antara Tingkat Stress Dengan Perilaku Merokok Di Gampong Pante Ara Kecamatan Peusangan Kabupaten Bireuen tahun 2022. Sangat di harapkan agar masyarakat di gampong pante ara agar terbebas dari bahaya merokok, untuk itu mari sama-sama kita ciptakan lingkungan bebas rokok.
enunnjukan bahwa tingkat stress ringan 51.3%, sedang 42,3%, berat 6.4%, dan perilaku merokok ringan 15.4%, sedang 24.4%, berat 60.3%. Dari hasil uji statistic didapatkan nilai p-0,000< sig_ a=0,05, artinya nilai probiliti lebih rendah dari nilai sig_ a=0,05. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut disimpulkan bahwa ada Hubungan Antara Tingkat Stress Dengan Perilaku Merokok Di Gampong Pante Ara Kecamatan Peusangan Kabupaten Bireuen tahun 2022. Sangat di harapkan agar masyarakat di gampong pante ara agar terbebas dari bahaya merokok, untuk itu mari sama-sama kita ciptakan lingkungan bebas rokok.
Fracture of hamate body was accompanied with 3-4 intermetacarpal dissociation: A case report
Authors: ERGÜN Tuğrul , ÖNCÜL Ahmet 
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Hamate body fractures are rare hand injuries and are accompanied by serious complications. Our study is one of the rare case reports reported in the literature.
Case report: Our case is an industrial injury case of a 51-year-old male patient who was working as a printing machine operator and got his hand stuck between the wheels of the machine. It has been observed that hamate bone fracture accompanying the intermetacarpal decomposition after the accident has developed. Reduction and fixation of hamate bone fractures and intermetacarpal dehiscence were performed, and fasciotomy was performed due to compartment syndrome. Adequate recovery was achieved after the treatment of the patient.
Conclusion: As far as we know, no carpal bone injury similar to our case has been reported in the literature before. We recommend rigid screw fixation for fracture osteosynthesis, K-wire fixation for metacarpal dissociation, and early fasciotomy to prevent the development of compartment syndrome in intermetacarpal separation injuries accompanied by hamate bone fractures.
Türkiye'de Giyilebilir Teknoloji Ürünleri Pazarı ve Kullanımına İlişkin Nitel Bir Araştırma
Authors: ÇULHAGİL KIR Özlem , YILDIRIM Figen 
Published: May 2023

Giyilebilir teknoloji, kullanıcılar tarafından giyilebilen ve genellikle biyolojik ve fizyolojik verilerle ilgili bilgileri algılama, izleme ve analiz etmeyi içeren bir akıllı elektronik cihaz kategorisini ifade eder.
21. yüzyılın başından itibaren giyilebilir cihazlar, dünya genelinde önce sanayide ve laboratuar ortamında, hemen ardından da tüketiciler arasında hergün çok daha fazla kullanılmaya başlayan teknolojiler sunmaya başlamıştır. Fernandez (2014) giyilebilir cihazları “...giysilerle veya vücuda takılabilen her türlü hesaplamalı veya duyusal elektronik cihazlar…” şeklinde tanımlamıştır. Giyilebilir cihazlar, gelişmiş bilgi ve iletişim araçlarıyla insanların günlük yaşamını kolaylaştırmaktadır.
Son on yılda ise dünyada son tüketiciler tarafından talep daha da artmış ve giyilebilir ürünler pazarı, 2020'de 69 milyar $'dan %18.1 artarak 2021'de 81,5 milyar $' a ulaşmıştır. (GlobalData Report,2020).
Araştırmanın amacı, giyilebilir teknolojilerin Türk pazarında Y kuşağı tarafından nasıl kabul görebileceğini bulmaktır ve derinlemesine görüşme tekniği kullanılarak Y kuşağındaki belli patern ve kalıpları tespit etmek ve Lin, Shih ve Sher (2007, p.646) tarafından oluşturulan Teknolojiye Hazırlık ve Kabul Modeli’ni kullanarak, Y kuşağının giyilebilir teknolojilerle ilgili görüşleri nitel bir araştırma yaklaşımla model ile ilgili kavramsal bir çalışma ortaya koyulmuştur.
Sonuçlar tümdengelim yaklaşımı ve tasarımı ile birlikte değerli veriler sağlamakta ve Y kuşağınının giyilebilir teknolojileri kabulü ve kullanma niyeti ile ilgili varolan bir model üzerinde bir araştırma özelliği taşımaktadır.
Bu makale, özgün Türkiye’de Giyilebilir Teknoloji Ürünleri Pazarı ve Kullanımına İlişkin Nitel Bir Araştırma yüksek lisans tezimden üretilmiştir.
GẮN LÝ LUẬN VỚI THỰC TIỄN TRONG GIẢNG DẠY CÁC HỌC PHẦN LÝ LUẬN CHÍNH TRỊ Ở TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC, CAO ĐẲNG HIỆN NAY
Authors: Phạm Thị Phượng 
Published: May 2023

Trong hệ thống chương trình giáo dục đại học, cao đẳng, các học phần Lý luận chính trị có vai trò rất quan trọng trong việc tuyên truyền chủ nghĩa Mác - Lênin, tư tưởng Hồ Chí Minh, quan điểm, đường lối của Đảng, chính sách, pháp luật của Nhà nước; góp phần hình thành ở sinh viên bản lĩnh chính trị, phẩm chất đạo đức, lối sống; định hướng suy nghĩ và hành động cho các thế hệ sinh viên, góp phần quyết định chất lượng giáo dục và đào tạo của các trường đại học. Tuy nhiên, trong những năm qua việc học các học phần này bị đánh giá là “lý thuyết”, “khô khan”, “khó học”. Có nhiều nguyên nhân dẫn đến tình trạng này nhưng chủ yếu là do người dạy chưa gắn được lý luận với thực tiễn trong truyền đạt kiến thức cho người học. Để khắc phục, bài viết xin trình bày một vài ý kiến về vấn đề: Gắn lý luận với thực tiễn trong giảng dạy các học phần Lý luận chính trị ở trường đại học, cao đẳng hiện nay.
IMPLEMENTATION OF BANKING CREDIT AGREEMENTS RESTRUCTURING DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMI AT BPR ARTHA MUKTI SANTOSA
Authors: Yudha Yudha Pramudya Sakti , Arikha Saputra  
Published: May 2023

Apart from having a significant impact on the economic and financial sectors, the presence of Covid-19 has had a negative impact on all aspects of state administration. During the Covid-19 era, when non-performing loan cases have skyrocketed, the banking sector plays an important role, not only as a provider of capital but also because it is important to enable and handle the growth of customer-run companies so that companies can develop while minimizing the danger of bankruptcy, both for customers as a debtor or for a bank as a creditor. Debtors who have difficulty fulfilling their commitments to the Bank due to the spread of Covid-19 are given special treatment based on POJK Number 11/POJK.03/2020, which discussesNational Economic Stimulus as a Countercyclical Policy. During the Covid-19 pandemic. The problem raised by the author is how to apply the restructuring of banking banking agreements during the Covid -19 pandemic at BPR Artha Mukti Santosa and what are the obstacles to implementing banking banking agreement restructuring during the Covid -19 pandemic at BPR Artha Mukti Santosa. The method used by the author is normative juridical by using secondary data such as literacy tests and in-depth interviews with employees at BPR Artha Mukti Santosa to draw conclusions about the law and its application to real world situations. Based on the results of research and discussion that the implementation of restructuring at BPR Artha Mukti Santosa was carried out incorrectly to prospective debtors with strict procedures referring to POJK provisions Number 18/POJK.03.2021 Jo POJK 17/POJK.03/2021 Jo POJK 34 /POJK.03/2021 Regarding the Second Amendment to the Financial Services Authority Regulation Number 34/POJK.03/2020 Concerning Policies for Rural Credit Banks and Sharia Rural Banks As a Impact of the Spread of Coronavirus Disease 2019 such as conducting surveys on debtor business health, debtor eligibility, and good faith of the debtor. Obstacles in implementing Restructuring at BPR Artha Mukti Santosa BPR are such as uncooperative debtors in following the rules, lack of cooperation and bad faith from debtors.

Keywords: Restructuring, Credit, BPR Artha Mukti Santosa
La relación entre PDVSA, Estado y nacionalismo económico en Venezuela (1976-2003) desde el institucionalismo
Authors: Giacalone Rita 
Published: May 2023

Entre 1976 y 2003 la industria petrolera venezolana se concentró en una empresa estatal (Petróleos de Venezuela, S.A., PDVSA) cuya conformación y evolución estuvo bajo la influencia de factores contextuales, entre los cuales destacan los objetivos del Estado y las ideas gubernamentales acerca del rol del Estado en la economía. En paralelo, la empresa se ajustó a un proceso de socialización interna mediante el cual fue desarrollando una cultura o filosofía propia. La relación entre esta última y el contexto sociopolítico fue casi siempre de adaptación hasta 1999, cuando se inició una etapa que culminó con la desaparición de la empresa según los términos de su contrato inicial, que fue sustituida por lo que se denomina la “nueva” PDVSA. Los aportes de distintos enfoques del institucionalismo (histórico, sociológico, discursivo, etc.) permiten reconstruir su historia engarzándola con la historia de Venezuela desde que, en la tercera década del siglo 20, comenzó a exportar petróleo. En cada etapa se analiza la forma en que distintos gobiernos interpretaron el rol del Estado en la economía y la relación con la empresa y el modo en que PDVSA buscó adaptarse o rechazar esas visiones, en base a una revisión de la literatura sobre historia del petróleo en Venezuela y nacionalismo económico en países en desarrollo. Finalmente, se discute el aporte de la investigación a la literatura sobre historia de empresas y nacionalismo económico.
ՍԻԼԻՑԻՈՒՄԻ ՀՆԱՐԱՎՈՐ ԲԱՐԵՆՊԱՍՏ ԱԶԴԵՑՈՒԹՅՈՒՆՆ ԱՌՈՂՋՈՒԹՅԱՆ ՎՐԱ
Authors: Քոթանյան Ա․Հ. , Մկրտչյան Ա.Մ. , Քոթանյան Մ․Հ․ 
Published: May 2023

Silicon is one of the most common elements in the earth’s crust. It is always present in water and food in varying amounts. Higher amounts of Si are found in plant-based foods. About 20% of the total amount of silicon ingested with food and water comes with drinking water and drinks (including beer, which contains in average 20–25 mg/l of silicon)․ For higher animals and humans, silicon is generally not considered to be an essential nutrient. However, the importance of this element for human health is now supported by increasing research evidence. The biological role of silicon in human organism is still not clear, but it assumed to be necessary for processes of bone mineralization, collagen synthesis. It has a positive effect on the skin, hair, and nails, contributes to the prevention of atherosclerosis and Alzheimer disease. In the population of most Western countries, dietary Si intakes range from 20 to 50 mg/day. In addition to the beneficial effect of Si on health, questions regarding the adverse effect of this element on the body are also discussed in the literature. First of all, we are talking about the Russian authors’ researches in the field of drinking water hygiene. At present, the adequate and maximum admissible levels of Si consumption have not yet been established. Taking into account the results of research on humans and animals, some scientists have suggested a dietary intake of Si of about 25 mg/day. As for the standards of silicon content in drinking water, it is not regulated in the drinking water quality guidelines of the WHO and the European Union, as well as in the national normative documents of different countries. In the Russian Federation, as well as in the Republic of Armenia, in the hygienic requirements for water quality, Si is normalized according to the sanitary-toxicological index, with the value of the maximum admissible concentrations in drinking water amounting to 10 mg/l.
Advanced or metastatic biliary tract cancer in Japan: a study using the Japan Medical Data Center payer claims database
Authors: Argoubi Ramzi , Reese Emily S , Furegato Martina , Medina Patricia , Bobiak Sarah 
Published: May 2023

Aim:
Biliary tract cancers are aggressive, with poor prognosis. This study describes clinical characteristics, treatment patterns and healthcare resource utilization in patients with metastatic biliary tract cancer in Japan.
Materials & methods:
This cohort-based study collected data from the Japan Medical Data Center claims database (2014–2018).
Results:
A total of 325 patients were included; 65.2% were male and the mean age was 59.2 years. A 47.6% had an Elixhauser Comorbidity Index score ≥5. Most frequent regimens were gemcitabine + cisplatin (52.9%) for first-line therapy and tegafur + gimeracil + oteracil for second-line therapy (48.6%) and third-line therapy (27.2%). Approximately 77% of patients had ≥1 hospital admission, with a median length of 57 days.
Conclusion:
This study provides insights on the characteristics and burden of metastatic biliary tract cancer in Japan, highlighting high disease burden in a younger population.
O processo histórico de territorialização Pataxó no Extremo Sul da Bahia no século XIX
Authors: Souza Ramon Rafaello Castro de 
Published: May 2023

Tendo como fundamento teórico os conceitos de etnogênese e territorialização, e utilizando de fontes documentais e bibliográficas, o presente texto tem como objetivo apresentar um resumo da trajetória histórica do povo Pataxó e sua relação com o Estado colonial, ao longo do século XIX na antiga Capitania de Porto Seguro, (atual Extremo Sul da Bahia). Desse modo, pretende-se compreender como que o processo de colonização e a política indigenista de aldeamento compulsório, contribuíram para impulsionar relações de contato interétnico, promovendo reconfigurações étnicas que deram origem a identidade Pataxó contemporânea, através da territorialização da população nas imediações do Monte Pascoal, local onde foi implantado o antigo Aldeamento Belo Jardim, onde encontra-se localizada hoje, a Aldeia indígena de Barra Velha.
Encuentros artísticos participativos para la construcción de relaciones inclusivas en espacios universitarios
Authors: Mesas Escobar Eva Cristina , López Martínez Mª Dolores , Santos Sánchez-Guzmán Eva 
Published: May 2023

La participación de personas con diversidad funcional en la sociedad es imprescindible para su transformación. El acceso al arte y la cultura es un derecho de todo ciudadano desde su esencia creativa y comunitaria. Sin embargo, la participación de la ciudadanía en las instituciones y políticas culturales es desigual. Frente a esta brecha es necesario descubrir nuevas realidades donde el encuentro con la diversidad sea desde la posibilidad. Por ello, se exponen experiencias basadas en prácticas artísticas participativas desarrolladas en el Grado de Educación Infantil. Las intervenciones se proyectaron en la construcción de escenarios creativos donde personas con capacidades diversas se sintieran miembros activos de la cultura y la sociedad. Los participantes fueron alumnado universitario y un colectivo artístico de personas con síndrome de Down y otras discapacidades intelectuales. En su diseño, se aplicaron técnicas de Investigación basadas en las Artes Visuales (IBA) y A/r/tografía. Se concluyó que la mediación artística en contextos universitarios es un método de innovación e investigación educativa eficaz para conseguir una inmersión real en lo inclusivo en los centros escolares y colateralmente en la sociedad.
Rezension zu Onomastica Canadiana 94/2 (2015)
Authors: Schaarschmidt Gunter 
Published: May 2023

Onomastica Canadiana, Band 94, No. 2 (Journal of the Canadian Society for the Study of Names/Revue de la Société canadienne d'onomastique). Redaktion: Carol J. Léonard (University of Alberta, Canada) and Donna L. Lillian (Appalachian Sate University, Boone, NC, USA). Edmonton, Alberta: Campus Saint-Jean, University of Alberta, 2015, 40 S. – ISSN 0078-4656.
Rezension zu Lexikon der Familiennamen polnischer Herkunft im Ruhrgebiet, Band 2: M-Z, bearb. von Barbara Czopek-Kopciuch u.a.
Authors: Wenzel Walter 
Published: May 2023

Lexikon der Familiennamen polnischer Herkunft im Ruhrgebiet, Band 2: M-Z, hg. von Kazimierz Rymut und Johannes Hoffmanbearb. von Barbara Czopek-Kopciuch, Zygmunt Klimek, Wanda Makula-Kosek, Henryka Mól, Kraków: Wydawnictwo PANDIT 2010, VIII + 499 S. – ISBN 978-83-88866-84-5, Preis: EUR 30,00 (DE)
Rezension zu Die Stadt und ihre Namen 1, hg. von Dietlind Kremer und Dieter Kremer
Authors: Debus Friedhelm 
Published: May 2023

Die Stadt und ihre Namen. Festkolloquium 20 Jahre Gesellschaft für Namenkunde e.V. 1. Teilband, hg. von Dietlind Kremer und Dieter Kremer (= Onomastica Lipsiensia 8), Leipzig: Leipziger Universitätsverlag 2012, 336 S. – ISBN: 978-3-86583-697-7, Preis: EUR 49,00.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Talking Stick Berbasis Pembelajaran Hots Terhadap Aktivitas dan Hasil Belajar Siswa
Authors: Alannasir Wahyullah 
Published: May 2023

Abstract: The Effect of Hots Learning-Based Talking Stick Learning Model on Student Activities and Learning Outcomes. This study aims to find out an overview of the activities and use of the HOTS learning-based Talking Stick learning model and find out the influence of the HOTS learning-based Talking Stick learning model on students' thematic learning activities and learning outcomes of grade IV students of SD Negeri Daya 2 Makassar. This research approach uses a quantitative approach A type of quasi-experimental research with a pretest-posttest control group design system where there are two classes used. The experimental class uses a HOTS-based talking stick learning model and a control class that does not use a HOTS-based talking stick learning model. The results showed that there were significant differences in Thematic learning activities and student Thematic learning outcomes between students who studied with HOTS learning-based Talking Stick learning and students who studied with conventional learning models in grade IV students of SDN Daya 2 Makassar. In Thematic learning activities, students obtained results of 7,779 > 2,160 based on an independent t test with a significant level of 0.05, while in Thematic learning outcomes students obtained a score of 4,754 > 2,160 based on the results of calculating posttest data using an independent t test.