bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Physiographic Environment Classification: Decoding Water Quality Landscapes through Hydrochemical Conceptualization
Authors: Rissmann Clinton Wayne Francis , Pearson Lisa Kyle , Snelder Ton Hugh 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Spatial variation in the landscape factors climate, geomorphology, and lithology cause significant differences in water quality issues related to land use. The Physiographic Environment Classification (PEC) distinguishes these differences by classifying the landscape's susceptibility to contaminant loss according to the factors that control the hydrochemical maturation of water. PEC accounts for the landscape's ability to generate, retain, attenuate, and transport multiple contaminants, including particulate and dissolved substances. A case study application of the PEC method to New Zealand utilized topographic data and geological survey to classify the country into six classes at Level l (Climate), 36 classes at Level 1–2 (Climate + Geomorphology), and 320 classes at Level 1–3 (Climate + Geomorphology + Lithology). Variance partitioning analysis, applied to New Zealand's national surface water monitoring network (n = 810 stations), evaluated the unique contributions of PEC classes and land use to six water quality variables. Relative to land use, PEC explained 0.6 times (x) the variation in NNN, 1.0x (i.e., the exact quantum of variability as land use) TKN, 1.8x DRP, 2.3x PP, 2.6x E. coli, and 4.3x TURB. Across the six water quality variables, PEC explained 2.1x more variation in riverine contaminant concentrations than land use. After controlling for land use, water quality variables varied significantly between PEC categories and classes (p < 0.05), with the pattern of differences consistent with the conceptual model underlying the classification. Because PEC elucidates the underlying causes of contaminant loss susceptibility, it can be used to inform targeted land management across multiple scales.
Medication Overuse Headache is Associated with Elevated Lipopolysaccharide Binding Protein and Pro-inflammatory Molecules in the Bloodstream
Authors: Dağıdır Hale Gök , Topa Elif , Vurallı Doğa , Bolay Hayrunnisa 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objective:
Medication overuse headache (MOH) is secondary headache that accompanies chronic migraine and NSAIDs are the most frequently use analgesics in the word. NSAIDs are known to induce leaky gut and we aimed to investigate whether NSAID induced MOH is associated with altered circulating LBP levels and inflammatory molecules.
Materials and Methods:
Piroxicam (10 mg /kg, po) for 5 weeks was used to induce MOH in female Sprague Dawley rats. Pain was tested by evaluating periorbital von Frey thresholds, grooming, freezing and headshake behavior. Serum samples and brain tissues were collected to measure circulating LPS binding protein (LBP), tight junction protein occludin, adherence junction protein vascular endothelial (VE)-cadherin, CGRP, IL-6, levels. HMGB1 and IL-17 were determined in brain tissues.
Results:
Chronic piroxicam exposure resulted in decreased periorbital mechanical thresholds, increased grooming, freezing and headshake behavior compared to vehicle administration. Serum LBP, CGRP, IL-6, IL-17, occludin, VE-cadherin levels and brain IL-17 and HMGB1 levels were significantly higher in piroxicam group compared to controls. Serum LBP was correlated positively with occludin (r = 0.611), VE-cadherin (r = 0.588), CGRP (r = 0.706), HMGB1 (r = 0.618), headshakes (r = 0.921), and negatively with von Frey thresholds (r=-0.740).
Conclusion:
Chronic piroxicam induced MOH is associated with elevated serum LPS, VE- cadherin and occludin levels indicating disrupted intestinal barrier function and leakage of LPS into the systemic circulation. LPS induced low-grade inflammation and elevated nociceptive and/or pro-inflammatory molecules of HMGB1, IL-6, IL-17, CGRP and may play a role in development and maintaining of MOH. Interference with leaky gut and pro- inflammatory nociceptive molecules could also be a target for sustained management of MOH.
Nt-probnp as a Screening for Low-risk Patent Ductus Arteriousus: a Follow-up Validation Study
Authors: López-Blanco Gloria , Oulego-Erroz Ignacio , Pou-Blázquez Álvaro , Medina-Guerrero Carlos , Rodríguez-Blanco Silvia , Alonso-Quintela Paula , Pérez-Muñuzuri Alejandro , Couce-Pico María Luz 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose: To test whether NT-proBNP serves as a screening for low-risk patent ductus arteriosus and safely avoids routine early echocardiography.
Methods: Prospective observational study in preterm infants below 33 weeks of gestational age. Infants with >5100 pg/ml (positive screening) at 48-72 hours of life received comprehensive echocardiography and were treated according to shunt severity. Infants with NT-proBNP below 5100 pg/ml (negative screening) were managed expectantly. The main outcome was need for ductus treatment within the first 7 days of life.
Result: 125 infants were included; 82 had a negative and positive NT-proBNP screening respectively. No infant (0%) with a negative screening was treated for ductus while 26 (60.4%) with a positive screening were treated (p<0.001). NT-proBNP avoided a 65.6% of routine echocardiograms. NT-proBNP had an excellent performance to predict treatment (AUC=0.967)
Conclusions: NT-proBNP at 48-72 hours of life has an excellent performance to detect low-risk and avoids unnecessary echocardiograms. This may contribute to optimize PDA management in terms of resource utilization.
The three-dimensional arrangement of the cathode weakens the bubble aggregation during the electrochemical water softening reaction
Authors: Lin Wei , Xiang Jin , Wang Wei , Xin Zuqiang , Xiang Yong , Pan Chuanhong , Xu Jianmin , Yu Jiuyang , Gong Cheng 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In the application of electrochemical water softening technology, bubbles on the electrode surface during growth and detachment can accumulate into a dense bubble film on the electrode surface, which significantly affects the softening efficiency. This work introduces a spatially arranged cathode to solve the problem of bubble accumulation in electrochemical water softening technology. Experimental results show that the spatial arrangement of the cathode weakens the accumulation of bubbles and is conducive to the softening reaction. Bubble accumulation occurs when bubbles, after detachment, are influenced by factors such as electrode structure and water flow rate during the rising process, which limits the detachment and migration of new bubbles and ions. The spatially arranged cathode shortens the distance that bubbles rise along the electrode surface in the vertical direction, and the result shows that the bubble distribution is more dispersed, and the ion migration capability is enhanced. This study provides a new development idea for electrochemical water softening technology.
Structural Inference on the Inverse Weibull Distribution Based on Generalized Order Statistics
Authors: Maswadah M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this paper, structural inference has been applied to the inverse Weibull distribution for constructing probability intervals on parameters and reliability functions based on generalized order statistics via Monte Carlo simulation. The coverage rate and the covering symmetry of the structural intervals have been obtained for different values of the shape parameter. Measuring the efficiencies of the inferences from complete data is compared to censored data. Finally, a numerical example is given to clarify the use of the inferential method developed in this paper.
THE RESULTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENRICHMENT AND NEURODEVELOPMENTAL TREATMENT IN SHPRINTZEN-GOLDBERG SYNDROME: A CASE REPORT
Authors: YAKIT YEŞİLYURT Seda , AYAZ TAŞ Seda 
Published: August 2023

Purpose: This case report aimed to investigate the efficacy of the physiotherapy program in a child with Shprintzen-Goldberg syndrome (SGS).
Methods: A 9-month-old case diagnosed with SGS by a medical geneticist was the focus of the study. Congenital pes varus, craniosynostosis and craniofacial deformities, mental, social, emotional and motor retardation, regulation and sensory hyperreactivity symptoms were observed in the case. The physiotherapy program consists of environmental enrichment and Neurodevelopmental Treatment (NDT) approaches twice a week for 12 months and was conducted by a physiotherapist at Karadeniz Ereğli Private Gökkuşağı Special Education and Rehabilitation Center. Gross motor function and disability level were assessed using Gross Motor Function Measurement-88 (GMFM-88) and Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS), respectively. The success of physiotherapy goals was determined by Goal Attainment Scaling (GAS).
Results: At 12 months follow-up, GMFM-88 score increased from 5.52% to 45.47% and GAS total scores increased from -6 to +6 point.
Conclusions: The literature review shows that no previous study assessed the effectiveness of 12 months physiotherapy program in a child with SGS. We consider that physiotherapy including targeted NDT approaches can support motor development in rare cases, such as SGS characterized by severe motor involvement.
OBSTETRİK BRAKİYAL PLEKSUS YARALANMASI OLAN ÇOCUKLARDA ÖLÇÜLEN POSTURAL SALINIM TİPİK GELİŞİM GÖSTEREN ÇOCUKLARDAN FARKLI MIDIR?
Authors: TUNÇ Azize Reda , FIRAT Tüzün , MUTLU Akmer , TOPUZ Semra 
Published: August 2023

Amaç: Obstetrik Brakial Pleksus Yaralanması (OBPY) olan çocuklarda yaralanma sonucu üst ekstremitede gelişen asimetrik kullanım postural kontrol gelişimini ve postural salınım değerlerini etkilemektedir. Bu çalışmada OBPY’li çocuklarda postural salınım değerlerindeki değişimi incelemek sağlıklı kontrol olgularıyla karşılaştırmak amaçlandı.
Yöntem: Çalışmaya, yaşları ortalama 6,35±1,40 yıl olan OBPY tanılı 55 çocuk ve yaşları ortalama 6,09±0,76 yıl olan 45 tipik gelişim gösteren sağlıklı olgu dahil edildi. Her iki grubun demografik bilgileri ve OBPY'li çocukların ayrıca Narakas Sınıflandırma Sistemine göre yaralanma dereceleri kaydedildi. Çalışmada grupların postural kontrol parametrelerine ait postural salınım değerleri Balance Check Screener kuvvet platformu (Model BP5050; Bertec, Columbus, OH, ABD) ile elde edildi.
Sonuçlar: Yapılan istatistiksel analizde gruplar arası demografik özellikler benzer bulundu (p˃0,05). OBPY olgularında, tipik gelişim gösteren sağlıklı olgulara göre, anterio-posterior salınım değerlerinin istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde artmış olduğu saptandı (p
Prediction of multi-sectoral longitudinal water withdrawals using hierarchical machine learning models
Authors: Shortridge Julie 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Accurate models of water withdrawal are crucial in anticipating the potential water use impacts of drought and climate change. Machine learning methods can simulate the complex, nonlinear relationship between water use and potential explanatory factors, but rarely incorporate the hierarchical nature of water use data. This work presents a novel approach for the prediction of water withdrawals across multiple usage sectors using an ensemble of models fit at different hierarchical levels. Models were fit at the facility and sectoral grouping levels, as well as across facility clusters defined by temporal water use characteristics. Using repeated holdout cross-validation and a dataset of over 300,000 observations of monthly water withdrawal across 1,509 facilities, it demonstrates that ensemble predictions led to statistically significant improvements in predictive performance in five of the eight sectors analyzed. The use of ensemble modeling resulted in lower predictive errors compared to facility models in 65% of facilities analyzed. The relative improvement gained by ensemble modeling was greatest for facilities with fewer observations and higher variance, indicating its potential value in predicting withdrawal for facilities with relatively short data records or data quality issues.
Orchids of Dibru-Saikhowa: A Systematic Review on Their Traditional
Use, Pharmacological Activity and Phytochemistry
Authors: Gogoi Pal , Sen Saikat 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Dibru-Saikhowa National Park and Biosphere Reserve (DSNPBR), Assam,
India, is a part of biodiversity hotspots and a store house of many orchid species. This systematic
review was conducted to document the medicinal importante of orchids available in DSNPBR
and to analyse their importance in drug discovery.

Methods:
This systematic review was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic
Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Scientific databases were used to search relevant
literature to document ethnomedicinal uses, pharmacological activity and phytochemistry of
orchid species available in DSNPBR.

Results:
We have analysed 84 articles to document relevant information on 52 orchid species available
in DSNPBR. Dendrobium (n = 13) is the top genus. Different orchid species available in DSNPBR
were used traditionally in India, Nepal, Bangladesh, and China to cure gastrointestinal disorders,
disease-associated pain and inflammation, skin diseases, wound, arthritis, menstrual pain, tuberculosis
etc. The pre-clinical investigations confirmed that extract/fraction/isolated compounds
of orchids possess antirheumatic, anticancer, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antimicrobial,
nephroprotective and neuroprotective activities through different mechanisms. Biomolecules
isolated from orchid species like Dendrobium nobile alkaloids, polysaccharides have shown a potential
to be developed as future drug molecules. Many phytochemicals isolated have demonstrated
in vitro anticancer activities. The lack of clinical data in support of the therapeutic effectiveness of
orchids is a major limitation.

Conclusion:
Orchids found in DSNPBR hold great significance in traditional culture for their
medicinal properties and have been effectively studied for their bioactivities. Nevertheless, to confirm
their effectiveness as therapeutics, conducting methodical research, examining their molecular
mechanisms, and performing toxicity tests are necessary.
Segmentation of Ocular Thermogram Using Level-set Algorithm for Analysis of
Contralateral Portions in Healthy Eyes
Authors: Jeyanathan Josephine Selle , Palanigurupackiam Nagaraj , Vasudevan Muneeswaran , Alsomaie Barrak , Almazroa Ahmed 
Published: August 2023

Objective:
This work aimed to evaluate the level set segmentation algorithm on ocular surface thermograms. In addition, the vascularity functioning between the contralateral portions of two eyes (right and left) was identified using statistical analysis methods.

Methods:
A total of 25 healthy participants with an average age of 35 years (20 men and 5 women) were selected in April 2022. Thermogram images were captured using a FLIR T series thermal camera. Conventional image processing techniques, such as filtering and edge detection, were used to preprocess thermograms. Next, the level set approach was used with the edge-detected pattern as an input to an automated segmented region of interest (ROI).

Results:
Five metrics, namely Dice Coefficient, Tanimoto Index, Jaccard Index, Volume Similarity, and Structural Similarity, were used to assess the performance of the segmentation technique compared to ground truth, which showed 97.5%, 92.5%, 94.5%, 96.5%, and 96.5% correlation, respectively, between the segmented and the ground truth images with average values for both the eyes. Statistical analysis demonstrated that the contralateral portions of the ocular thermograms were significantly different in terms of vascular distribution between the left and right eyes (p < 0.005).

Conclusion:
The level set method efficiently segmented the ROI in ocular thermograms with maximum correlation. According to the segmentation’s results, the model showed the dissimilarity between the contralateral parts of the left and right eyes in healthy cases.
Implementation and Efficient Analysis of Preprocessing Techniques in Deep Learning for Image Classification
Authors: Koresh H. James Deva 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Deep learning models have recently been preferred to perform certain image-processing tasks. Recently, with the increasing radiation, heat, and
poor lighting conditions, the raw image samples may contain noisy and ambiguous information.

Objective:
To process these images, the deep learning model requires a large number of data samples to learn the missing information from other clear data
samples. This necessitates training the neural network with a huge dataset.

Methods:
The researchers are now attempting to filter and improve such noisy images via preprocessing in order to provide valid and accurate feature
information to the neural network layers. However, certain research studies claim that some useful information may be lost when the image is not
preprocessed with an appropriate filter or enhancement technique. The MSA (meta-synthesis and analysis) approach is utilized in this work to
present the impact of the image processing applications done with and without preprocessing steps. Also, this work summarizes the existing deep
learning-based image processing models utilizing or not preprocessing steps in their implementation.

Results:
This work has also found that 85% of the existing techniques involve a preprocessing step while developing a deep learning model. However, a
maximum accuracy of 96.89% is observed on Sine-Net when it is implemented without a preprocessing and the same model gave 96.85% when
implemented with preprocessing.

Conclusion:
This research provides various research insights on the requirement and non-requirement of preprocessing steps in a deep learning-based
implementation.
STUDY ON THE NEXUS OF CSR AND SOCIAL MEDIA ENGAGEMENT ON TOURIST DESTINATION LOYALTY IN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT NATURE-BASED TOURISM
Authors: Ramli Mona Fairuz , Badarulzaman Nurwati , Abdul Latif Samshul Amry 
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), and destination brand loyalty and social media engagement, which is not well understood. This particularly occurs in the sustainable development context of nature-based tourism in managing the negative impact on the environment, which is rather challenging. Moreover, the current research aims to develop a simple model for investigating the interrelationship of CSR as well as destination loyalty by incorporating social media engagement as a moderating variable. This is to investigate the impact mechanism of CSR activities of tourists towards tourists' destination brand loyalty in the context of nature-based tourism. The data for this study were obtained from 285 tourists who visited a popular marine park site in Malaysia. The researchers used the partial least squares structural equation modeling technique to analyze the collected data. The findings revealed that both CSR and social media engagement had an impact on destination brand loyalty. These findings have important implications for destination operators, suggesting that incorporating CSR activities into their strategies can be a strategic approach for achieving sustainable success.
The Impact of Heat Waves on Health Care Services in Low- or Middle-Income Countries: Protocol for a Systematic Review
Authors: Sapari Hadita , Selamat Mohamad Ikhsan , Isa Mohamad Rodi , Ismail Rohaida , Wan Mahiyuddin Wan Rozita 
Published: August 2023

Background
Heat waves significantly impact ecosystems and human health, especially that of vulnerable populations, and are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Besides being directly related to climate-sensitive health outcomes, heat waves have indirectly increased the burden on our health care systems. Although the existing literature examines the impact of heat waves and morbidity, past research has mostly been conducted in high-income countries (HICs), and studies on the impact of heat waves on morbidity in low- or middle-income countries (LMICs) are still scarce.

Objective
This paper presents the protocol for a systematic review that aims to provide evidence of the impact of heat waves on health care services in LMICs.

Methods
We will identify peer-reviewed studies from 3 online databases, including the Web of Science, PubMed, and SCOPUS, published from January 2002 to April 2023, using the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. Quality assessment will be conducted using the Navigation Guide checklist. Key search terms include heatwaves, extreme heat, hospitalization, outpatient visit, burden, health services, and morbidity.

Results
This systematic review will provide insight into the impact of heat waves on health care services in LMICs, especially on emergency department visits, ambulance call-outs, hospital admissions, outpatient department visits, in-hospital mortality, and health care operational costs.

Conclusions
The results of this review are anticipated to help policymakers and key stakeholders obtain a better understanding of the impact of heat waves on health care services and prioritize investments to mitigate the effects of heat waves in LMICs. This entails creating a comprehensive heat wave plan and ensuring that adequate infrastructure, capacity, and human resources are allocated in the health care sector. These measures will undoubtedly contribute to the development of resilience in health care systems and hence protect the health and well-being of individuals and communities.

Trial Registration
PROSPERO CRD42022365471; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=365471

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/44702
Virtual Exercise in Medicine: A Proof of Concept in a Healthy Population
Authors: Le Roy Barbara , Martin-Krumm Charles , Poupon Charlotte , Richieri Raphaëlle , Malbos Eric , Barthélémy Fanny , Guedj Eric , Trousselard Marion 
Published: August 2023

Background
Science is beginning to establish the benefits of the use of virtual reality (VR) in health care. This therapeutic approach may be an appropriate complementary treatment for some mental illnesses. It could prevent high levels of morbidity and improve the physical health of patients. For many years, the literature has shown the health benefits of physical exercise. Physical exercise in a VR environment may improve the management of mild to moderate mental health conditions. In this context, we developed a virtual environment combined with an ergocycle (the augmented physical training for isolated and confined environments [APTICE] system).

Objective
This study aims to investigate the impact of physical exercise in a VR environment.

Methods
A total of 14 healthy participants (11 men and 3 women; mean age 43.28, SD 10.60 years) undertook 15 minutes of immersive physical exercise using the system. Measures included mindfulness and immersion disposition, subjective perceptions of sensory information, user experience, and VR experience (ie, psychological state, flow, and presence).

Results
First, the APTICE system appears to be a useful tool because the user experience is positive (subscales in the AttrakDiff questionnaire: pragmatic quality=0.99; hedonic quality–stimulation=1.90; hedonic quality–identification=0.67; attractiveness=1.58). Second, the system can induce a positive psychological state (negative emotion, P=.06) and an experience of flow and presence (P values ranging from <.001 to .04). Third, individual immersive and mindful disposition plays a role in the VR experience (P values ranging from <.02 to .04). Finally, our findings suggest that there is a link between the subjective perception of sensory information and the VR experience (P values ranging from <.02 to .04).

Conclusions
These results indicate that the device is well accepted with positive psychological and exteroceptive outcomes. Overall, the APTICE system could be a proof of concept to explore the benefits of virtual physical exercise in clinical medicine.