bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical and immunological characteristics for BK polyomavirus‐associated nephropathy after kidney transplantation
Authors: Siripoon Tanaya , Apiwattanakul Nopporn , Mongkolrattanakul Pannawat , Tongsook Chutatip , Unwanatham Nattawut , Hongeng Suradej , Kantachuvesiri Surasak , Bruminhent Jackrapong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroductionBK polyomavirus (BKPyV)‐associated nephropathy (BKPyVAN) can cause a significant risk of allograft impairment after kidney transplantation (KT). Intact BKPyV‐specific immunity is associated with viral containment. This study investigated BKPyV‐specific immunological factors among KT recipients.MethodsThis prospective study in a single transplant center from January 2019 to August 2019 assessed associations between clinical and immunological characteristics, with a focus on BKPyV‐cell‐specific immunity and BKPyVAN, among KT recipients aged ≥15 years. The numbers of interferon‐gamma (IFN‐γ)‐producing CD4+ T, CD8+ T, natural killer (NK), and natural killer T (NKT) cells were measured after stimulation with large T antigen and viral capsid protein 1 (VP1).ResultsIn total, 100 KT recipients were included (mean age ± SD, 42 ± 11 years); 35% of the recipients were female patients, and 70% had received induction immunosuppressive therapy. The 1‐year cumulative incidence of high‐level BKPyV DNAuria (possible BKPyVAN) and (presumptive BKPyVAN) was 18%. Among 40 patients with immunological factor data, pre‐KT %NK cells (hazard ratio [HR], 1.258; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.077–1.469; p = .004) and %VP1‐specific NK cells (HR, 1.209; 95% CI, 1.055–1.386; p = .006) were factors independently associated with possible and presumptive BKPyVAN. KT recipients with possible and presumptive BKPyVAN were more likely to exhibit significant mean coefficients of %NK, %VP1‐specific NK, and %NKT cells at 1 month after KT than before KT (all p < .05).ConclusionIndividuals with nonspecific and VP1‐specific NK cells before KT and increasing numbers of these cells after KT may be at risk for high‐level BKPyV DNAuria and presumptive BKPyVAN. Further studies are needed to determine the utility of BKPyV‐specific innate immune surveillance in predicting the occurrence of BKPyVAN.
Achievement of sufficient antibody response after a fourth dose of wild‐type SARS‐CoV‐2 mRNA vaccine in nursing home residents
Authors: Chong Yong , Goto Takeyuki , Watanabe Haruka , Tani Naoki , Yonekawa Akiko , Ikematsu Hideyuki , Shimono Nobuyuki , Tanaka Yosuke , Akashi Koichi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundInfection control during COVID‐19 outbreaks in nursing facilities is a critical public health issue. Antibody responses before and after the fourth (second booster) dose of wild‐type severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) vaccine in nursing home residents have not been fully characterized.MethodsThis study included 112 individuals: 54 nursing home residents (mean age: 84.4 years; 35 SARS‐CoV‐2‐naive and 19 previously infected) and 58 healthcare workers (mean age: 47.7 years; 25 SARS‐CoV‐2‐naive and 33 previously infected). Antispike and antinucleocapsid antibody responses to messenger RNA vaccination were evaluated using serum samples collected shortly and 5 months after the third dose, and shortly after the fourth dose.ResultsThe median immunoglobulin G (IgG) level in SARS‐CoV‐2‐naive residents was similar to that in SARS‐CoV‐2‐naive healthcare workers after the fourth dose (24,026.3 vs. 30,328.6 AU/mL, p = .79), whereas after the third dose the IgG level of SARS‐CoV‐2‐naive residents was approximately twofold lower than that in SARS‐CoV‐2‐naive healthcare workers. In residents with previous SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, timing of infection in relation to vaccination affected the kinetics of antibody responses. Residents infected after the third dose showed the highest IgG levels after the fourth dose among all groups (median: 64,328.8 AU/mL), in contrast to residents infected before initiating vaccination with antibody levels similar to those of SARS‐CoV‐2‐naive residents.ConclusionsAdvanced aged nursing home residents, poor responders in the initial SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccine series, could achieve sufficient antibody responses after the fourth (second booster) vaccination, comparable to those of younger adults.
Clinical efficacy, safety, and subjective experience based on ePRO in HIV‐infected individuals administered Bictegravir/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide in southwest China
Authors: Kong Linghong , Xie Xiaoxin , Fu Yanhua , Gan Lin , Yang Xiaoyan , Ma Shujing , Long Hai 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundProspective studies examining long‐term therapeutic outcomes of the Bictegravir/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide (BIC/FTC/TAF) regimen in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection remain limited. This study assessed the actual efficacy and safety of BIC/FTC/TAF in HIV‐infected individuals in southwest China.MethodsThis was a single‐center, prospective study enrolling ART‐naïve (n = 32) and ART‐experienced (n = 177) HIV‐infected patients administered BIC/FTC/TAF treatment between March 2022 and August 2022. The data were collected until February 28, 2023. Virological reactions and adverse events to the treatment were recorded, and patient subjective feelings in the form of Electronic Patient Reporting Outcome (ePRO) were collected. The primary endpoint was the rate of patients with HIV viral load <50 copies/mL at Week 24.ResultsAt Week 24, 87.5% and 95.5% of ART‐naïve and ART‐experienced HIV patients had a viral load <50 copies/mL, respectively. CD4 cell counts in ART‐naïve and ART‐experienced patients increased significantly by 163.5 cells/μL (p = .002) and 55.0 cells/μL (p = .022), respectively. By Week 24, no patients had discontinued the BIC/FTC/TAF treatment due to adverse events. Based on ePRO data, ART‐naïve and ART‐experienced patients at Week 24 had stable disease symptom burden, quality of life, and depression level after treatment with BIC/FTC/TAF.ConclusionBIC/FTC/TAF reduces the viral load in ART‐naïve patients with high viral load as well as ART‐experienced patients with residual viremia. The patient's subjective experience was maintained stable after treatment with BIC/FTC/TAF. This study also revealed a very low incidence for BIC/FTC/TAF drug‐related side effects.
Therapeutic strategies and promising vaccine for hepatitis C virus infection
Authors: Adugna Adane 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is still a significant global health problem despite therapeutic advancements. Ribavirin and interferon therapy have been the sole available treatments for HCV infection for a number of years with low efficacy. Thus, currently, a number of therapeutic strategies are being used, including nanoparticles (NPs), micro‐RNAs such as small interfering RNA (siRNA), RNAi‐based gene silencing and antisense oligonucleotide‐based microRNA‐122, microRNA‐155, and short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs), and immunotherapeutic approaches such as anti‐programmed cell death 1(PD‐1), monoclonal antibodies (mAb or moAb), and monocyte‐derived dendritic cells (Mo‐DCs). Furthermore, direct‐acting antivirals (DAAs) and host‐targeting agents (HTA) were also the current therapeutic approaches with great efficacy. In spite of different clinical trials on HCV vaccine developments, nowadays there is no effective HCV vaccine in opposition to virus due to various challenges including genetic diversity, lack of immunocompetent small animal models, shortage of HCV vaccination testing alternatives, lack of an effective tissue culture method for replicating HCV, and inadequate knowledge regarding to immune responses against HCV infection. Nowadays, mRNA vaccine, recombinant viral vector, peptides vaccine, virus‐like particles, DNA vaccine, rational designed vaccine, and recombinant polyantigenic T‐cell‐based vaccine are novel promising candidates for HCV vaccine based on various clinical trials. This review summarizes the different therapeutic approaches and the advancements of vaccine candidates for HCV infection.
The emerging role of IL‐38 in diseases: A comprehensive review
Authors: Chen Weijun , Xi Shuangyun , Ke Yong , Lei Yinlei 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroductionInterleukin‐38 (IL‐38) is a new type of anti‐inflammatory cytokine, which is mainly expressed in the immunity‐related organs and is involved in various diseases including cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, lung diseases, viral infectious diseases and autoimmune diseases.AimThis review aims to detail the biological function, receptors and signaling of IL‐38, which highlights its therapeutic potential in related diseases.ConclusionThis article provides a comprehensive review of the association between interleukin‐38 and related diseases, using interleukin‐38 as a keyword and searching the relevant literature through Pubmed and Web of science up to July 2023.
Climate policy uncertainty and firm investment
Authors: Huang Tao , Sun Zeyu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis article investigates the relation between climate policy uncertainty and firm investment in China. We quantify climate policy uncertainty in China based on the news from two leading mainland newspapers: the Renmin Daily and the Guangming Daily. Using the sample of Chinese A‐share companies from January 2003 to September 2021, we find robust evidence that firms exhibit lower levels of investment when facing to higher climate policy uncertainty. Specifically, we also show that this negative effect is more profound for state‐owned enterprises, carbon‐intensive enterprises, and enterprises with lower risk taking. The results also give evidence that the effect of climate policy uncertainty on firm investment can last up to three quarters and disappear within 1 year. Finally, we propose that investment irreversibility is plausible channel through which climate policy uncertainty discourages investment. Overall, these results shed light on the real effects of climate policy uncertainty and the determinants of investment.
Multicenter evaluation of blood‐based biomarkers for the detection of endometriosis and adenomyosis: A prospective non‐interventional study
Authors: Burghaus Stefanie , Drazic Predrag , Wölfler Monika , Mechsner Sylvia , Zeppernick Magdalena , Meinhold‐Heerlein Ivo , Mueller Michael D. , Rothmund Ralf , Vigano Paola , Becker Christian M. , Zondervan Krina T. , Beckmann Matthias W. , Fasching Peter A. , Berner‐Gatz Sibylle , Grünewald Felix S. , Hund Martin , Kastner Peter , Klammer Martin , Laubender Ruediger P. , Wegmeyer Heike , Wienhues‐Thelen Ursula‐Henrike , Renner Stefan P. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate blood‐based biomarkers to detect endometriosis and/or adenomyosis across nine European centers (June 2014–April 2018).MethodsThis prospective, non‐interventional study assessed the diagnostic accuracy of 54 blood‐based biomarker immunoassays in samples from 919 women (aged 18–45 years) with suspicion of endometriosis and/or adenomyosis versus symptomatic controls. Endometriosis was stratified by revised American Society for Reproductive Medicine stage. Symptomatic controls were “pathologic symptomatic controls” or “pathology‐free symptomatic controls”. The main outcome measure was receiver operating characteristic‐area under the curve (ROC‐AUC) and WilcoxonPvalues corrected for multiple testing (qvalues).ResultsCA‐125 performed best in “all endometriosis cases” versus “all symptomatic controls” (AUC 0.645, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.600–0.690,q < 0.001) and increased (P < 0.001) with disease stage. In “all endometriosis cases” versus “pathology‐free symptomatic controls”, S100‐A12 performed best (AUC 0.692, 95% CI 0.614–0.769,q = 0.001) followed by CA‐125 (AUC 0.649, 95% CI 0.569–0.729,q = 0.021). In “adenomyosis only cases” versus “symptomatic controls” or “pathology‐free symptomatic controls”, respectively, the top‐performing biomarkers were sFRP‐4 (AUC 0.615, 95% CI 0.551–0.678,q = 0.045) and S100‐A12 (AUC 0.701, 95% CI 0.611–0.792,q = 0.004).ConclusionThis study concluded that no biomarkers tested could diagnose or rule out endometriosis/adenomyosis with high certainty.
Prevention of Hip Fractures: Trade-off between Minor Benefits to Individuals and Large Benefits to the Community
Authors: Tran Thach S. , Ho-Le Thao P. , Bliuc Dana , Center Jacqueline R. , Blank Robert D. , Nguyen Tuan V. 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
Goeffrey Rose postulated that a population-based measure bringing a small benefit to each individual can yield large benefits to the community. We aimed to test this axiom by quantifying the relationship between change in bone mineral density (BMD) and hip fracture incidence between two prospective cohorts separated by ~10 years. In this prospective population-based Dubbo Osteoporosis Epidemiology Study (DOES), the participants aged 60+ were recruited in two waves: the initial cohort (1311 women, 842 men) in 1989 to 1992 and the second cohort (974 women, 544 men) in 1999 to 2001. The incident hip fracture was radiologically ascertained. Femoral neck BMD was measured biannually. Multivariable-adjusted Cox's proportional hazards models were adjusted for the predefined covariates such as age, BMI, lifestyle factors, falls, and prior fracture. Compared with the initial cohort, the second cohort had a higher femoral neck BMD by ~0.04 g/cm2 in women and 0.03 g/cm2 in men. However, the prevalence of osteoporosis in the second cohort was halved (prevalence ratio 0.51, 95% CI 0.36 to 0.73 in women; 0.45, 0.24 to 0.84 in men), and its hip fracture incidence was significantly reduced (hazard ratio 0.54, 95% CI, 0.38 to 0.78 in women; 0.39, 0.19 to 0.80 in men). Sensitivity analyses indicated that the “effect” was unlikely due to unmeasured confounders. These findings suggest that a population-wide strategy aimed at enhancing BMD across the entire population could lead to a substantial decrease in the incidence of hip fractures. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
A comprehensive analysis of charge transfer effects on donor‐pyrene (bridge)‐acceptor systems using different substituents
Authors: Borges Itamar , Guimarães Roberta M. P. O. , Monteiro‐de‐Castro Gabriel , Rosa Nathália M. P. , Nieman Reed , Lischka Hans , Aquino Adelia J. A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe alternant polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pyrene has photophysical properties that can be tuned with different donor and acceptor substituents. Recently, a D (donor)‐Pyrene (bridge)‐A (acceptor) system, DPA, with the electron donor N,N‐dimethylaniline (DMA), and the electron acceptor trifluoromethylphenyl (TFM), was investigated by means of time‐resolved spectroscopic measurements (J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2021, 12, 2226–2231). DPA shows great promise for potential applications in organic electronic devices. In this work, we used the ab initio second‐order algebraic diagrammatic construction method ADC(2) to investigate the excited‐state properties of a series of analogous DPA systems, including the originally synthesized DPAs. The additionally investigated substituents were amino, fluorine, and methoxy as donors and nitrile and nitro groups as acceptors. The focus of this work was on characterizing the lowest excited singlet states regarding charge transfer (CT) and local excitation (LE) characters. For the DMA‐pyrene‐TFM system, the ADC(2) calculations show two initial electronic states relevant for interpreting the photodynamics. The bright S1 state is locally excited within the pyrene moiety, and an S2 state is localized ~0.5 eV above S1 and characterized as a donor to pyrene CT state. HOMO and LUMO energies were employed to assess the efficiency of the DPA compounds for organic photovoltaics (OPVs). HOMO‐LUMO and optical gaps were used to estimate power conversion and light‐harvesting efficiencies for practical applications in organic solar cells. Considering the systems using smaller D/A substituents, compounds with the strong acceptor NO2 substituent group show enhanced CT and promising properties for use in OPVs. Some of the other compounds with small substituents are also found to be competitive in this regard.
Haloperidol alters neurotrophic factors and epigenetic parameters in an animal model of schizophrenia induced by ketamine
Authors: Valvassori Samira S. , da Rosa Richard T. , Dal‐Pont Gustavo C. , Varela Roger B. , Mastella Gustavo A. , Daminelli Thiani , Fries Gabriel R. , Quevedo João , Zugno Alexandra I. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate Haloperidol's (Hal) effects on the behavioral, neurotrophic factors, and epigenetic parameters in an animal model of schizophrenia (SCZ) induced by ketamine (Ket). Injections of Ket or saline were administered intraperitoneal (once a day) between the 1st and 14th days of the experiment. Water or Hal was administered via gavage between the 8th and 14th experimental days. Thirty minutes after the last injection, the animals were subjected to behavioral analysis. The activity of DNA methyltransferase (DNMT), histone deacetylase (HDAC), and histone acetyltransferase and levels of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), nerve growth factor (NGF), neurotrophin‐3 (NT‐3), and glial‐derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) were evaluated in the frontal cortex, hippocampus, and striatum. Ket increased the covered distance and time spent in the central area of the open field, and Hal did not reverse these behavioral alterations. Significant increases in the DNMT and HDAC activities were detected in the frontal cortex and striatum from rats that received Ket, Hal, or a combination thereof. Besides, Hal per se increased the activity of DNMT and HDAC in the hippocampus of rats. Hal per se or the association of Ket plus Hal decreased BDNF, NGF, NT‐3, and GDNF, depending on the brain region and treatment regimen. The administration of Hal can alter the levels of neurotrophic factors and the activity of epigenetic enzymes, which can be a factor in the development of effect collateral in SCZ patients. However, the precise mechanisms involved in these alterations are still unclear.
A simple method for effective cryopreservation of antlerogenic periosteum of sika deer
Authors: Li Jiping , Wang Dongxu , Ren Jing , Wang Yusu , Hu Pengfei , Li Chunyi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAntlerogenic periosteum (AP) is the unique tissue type that gives rise to antlers and their antecedents, the pedicles. Deer antlers are the only mammalian organ that can fully regenerate. Efficient investigation of the mechanism of antler formation and regeneration requires year‐round availability of AP, but naturally AP can only be obtained less than two months in a year. In the present study we took the cryopreservation approach to store the sampled AP in ultra‐low temperature to overcome the limited period of availability. First, we evaluated the suitability of vitrification and cell cryopreservation method for cryopreservation of AP, cell migration status of the AP tissue pieces confirmed that vitrification methods did not work as the only few AP cells migrated out, whereas migrated cell numbers in the cell‐cryo group (conventional method for cryopreservation of cells) were comparable to those of the fresh AP group. To further evaluate the suitability of cell cryopreservation method for AP tissue, AP samples were allocated into three groups based on the different ratios of cryopreservation reagents (dimethyl sulfoxide [DMSO], dulbecco's modified eagle's medium [DMEM] and fetal bovine serum [FBS]): AP‐Cell‐1 (1:4:5), AP‐Cell‐2 (1:2:7) and AP‐Cell‐3 (1:0:9), the results showed that migrated cell number were again comparable to the fresh AP group. There was no significant difference between the cell‐cryo groups (AP‐Cell‐1 and AP‐Cell‐3) and the fresh group: (1) in viability (p > 0.05) through trypan blue staining (91.2%, 90.8%, and 92.4%, respectively); (2) in the attachment day, and all on Day 5 after cell seeding; (3) in cell proliferation rate (p > 0.05) through Cell Counting kit 8 (CCK8) measurement; and (4) in number of the formed clones (Clonogenicity). In the in vivo trials, there was no visible difference in temporal differentiation sequence of the formed xenogeneic antlers between the fresh AP and cryopreserved AP (AP‐Cell‐1 and AP‐Cell‐3). Overall, we found that the AP tissue was well cryopreserved just using the conventional freezing and thawing methods for cells, and their viability and developmental potential comparable to the fresh AP both in vitro and in vivo. The long‐term preservation of the AP tissue is of great significance for the study of the periosteum biology in general and the mechanism underlying xenogeneic generation and regeneration of deer antlers in specific.
Rhinoviruses A and C elicit long‐lasting antibody responses with limited cross‐neutralization
Authors: Bochkov Yury A. , Devries Mark , Tetreault Kaitlin , Gangnon Ronald , Lee Sujin , Bacharier Leonard B. , Busse William W. , Camargo Carlos A. , Choi Timothy , Cohen Robyn , De Ramyani , DeMuri Gregory P. , Fitzpatrick Anne M. , Gergen Peter J. , Grindle Kristine , Gruchalla Rebecca , Hartert Tina , Hasegawa Kohei , Khurana Hershey Gurjit K. , Holt Patrick , Homil Kiara , Jartti Tuomas , Kattan Meyer , Kercsmar Carolyn , Kim Haejin , Laing Ingrid A. , Le Souëf Peter N. , Liu Andrew H. , Mauger David T. , Pappas Tressa , Patel Shilpa J. , Phipatanakul Wanda , Pongracic Jacqueline , Seroogy Christine , Sly Peter D. , Tisler Christopher , Wald Ellen R. , Wood Robert , Lemanske Robert F. , Jackson Daniel J. , Gern James E. ,   program collaborators for Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes
Published: August 2023

AbstractRhinoviruses (RVs) can cause severe wheezing illnesses in young children and patients with asthma. Vaccine development has been hampered by the multitude of RV types with little information about cross‐neutralization. We previously showed that neutralizing antibody (nAb) responses to RV‐C are detected twofold to threefold more often than those to RV‐A throughout childhood. Based on those findings, we hypothesized that RV‐C infections are more likely to induce either cross‐neutralizing or longer‐lasting antibody responses compared with RV‐A infections. We pooled RV diagnostic data from multiple studies of children with respiratory illnesses and compared the expected versus observed frequencies of sequential infections with RV‐A or RV‐C types using log‐linear regression models. We tested longitudinally collected plasma samples from children to compare the duration of RV‐A versus RV‐C nAb responses. Our models identified limited reciprocal cross‐neutralizing relationships for RV‐A (A12–A75, A12–A78, A20–A78, and A75–A78) and only one for RV‐C (C2–C40). Serologic analysis using reference mouse sera and banked human plasma samples confirmed that C40 infections induced nAb responses with modest heterotypic activity against RV‐C2. Mixed‐effects regression modeling of longitudinal human plasma samples collected from ages 2 to 18 years demonstrated that RV‐A and RV‐C illnesses induced nAb responses of similar duration. These results indicate that both RV‐A and RV‐C nAb responses have only modest cross‐reactivity that is limited to genetically similar types. Contrary to our initial hypothesis, RV‐C species may include even fewer cross‐neutralizing types than RV‐A, whereas the duration of nAb responses during childhood is similar between the two species. The modest heterotypic responses suggest that RV vaccines must have a broad representation of prevalent types.