bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nutrient limitation masks the dissolved organic matter composition effects on bacterial metabolism in unproductive freshwaters
Authors: Berggren Martin , Ye Linlin , Sponseller Ryan A. , Bergström Ann‐Kristin , Karlsson Jan , Verheijen Hendricus , Hensgens Geert 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAquatic microbial responses to changes in the amount and composition of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) are of fundamental ecological and biogeochemical importance. Parallel factor (PARAFAC) analysis of excitation–emission fluorescence spectra is a common tool to characterize DOC, yet its ability to predict bacterial production (BP), bacterial respiration (BR), and bacterial growth efficiency (BGE) vary widely, potentially because inorganic nutrient limitation decouples microbial processes from their dependence on DOC composition. We used 28‐d bioassays with water from 19 lakes, streams, and rivers in northern Sweden to test how much the links between bacterial metabolism and fluorescence PARAFAC components depend on experimental additions of inorganic nutrients. We found a significant interaction effect between nutrient addition and fluorescence on carbon‐specific BP, and weak evidence for influence on BGE by the same interaction (p = 0.1), but no corresponding interaction effect on BR. A practical implication of this interaction was that fluorescence components could explain more than twice as much of the variability in carbon‐specific BP (R2 = 0.90) and BGE (R2 = 0.70) after nitrogen and phosphorus addition, compared with control incubations. Our results suggest that an increased supply of labile DOC relative to ambient phosphorus and nitrogen induces gradually larger degrees of nutrient limitation of BP, which in turn decouple BP and BGE from fluorescence signals. Thus, while fluorescence does contain precise information about the degree to which DOC can support microbial processes, this information may be hidden in field studies due to nutrient limitation of bacterial metabolism.
X‐Chromosome Association Study in Latin American Cohorts Identifies New Loci in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Leal Thiago P. , Rao Shilpa C. , French‐Kwawu Jennifer N. , Gouveia Mateus H. , Borda Victor , Bandres‐Ciga Sara , Inca‐Martinez Miguel , Mason Emily A. , Horimoto Andrea R.V.R. , Loesch Douglas P. , Sarihan Elif I. , Cornejo‐Olivas Mario R. , Torres Luis E. , Mazzetti‐Soler Pilar E. , Cosentino Carlos , Sarapura‐Castro Elison H. , Rivera‐Valdivia Andrea , Medina Angel C. , Dieguez Elena M. , Raggio Víctor E. , Lescano Andrés , Tumas Vitor , Borges Vanderci , Ferraz Henrique B. , Rieder Carlos R. , Schumacher Schuh Artur , Santos‐Lobato Bruno L. , Velez‐Pardo Carlos , Jimenez‐Del‐Rio Marlene , Lopera Francisco , Moreno Sonia , Chana‐Cuevas Pedro , Fernandez William , Arboleda Gonzalo , Arboleda Humberto , Arboleda Bustos Carlos E. , Yearout Dora , Barbosa Maira T. , Cardoso Francisco E.C. , Caramelli Paulo , Cunningham Mauro C.Q. , Maia Débora P. , Lima‐Costa Maria F. , Tarazona‐Santos Eduardo , Zabetian Cyrus P. ,   International Parkinson Disease Genomics Consortium (IPDGC), Thornton Timothy A. , O'Connor Timothy D. , Mata Ignacio F. ,   the Latin American Research Consortium on the Genetics of Parkinson's Disease (LARGE‐PD)
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundSex differences in Parkinson's disease (PD) risk are well‐known. However, the role of sex chromosomes in the development and progression of PD is still unclear.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to perform the first X‐chromosome–wide association study for PD risk in a Latin American cohort.MethodsWe used data from three admixed cohorts: (1) Latin American Research consortium on the Genetics of Parkinson's Disease (n = 1504) as discover cohort, and (2) Latino cohort from International Parkinson Disease Genomics Consortium (n = 155) and (3) Bambui Aging cohort (n = 1442) as replication cohorts. We also developed an X‐chromosome framework specifically designed for admixed populations.ResultsWe identified eight linkage disequilibrium regions associated with PD. We replicated one of these regions (top variant rs525496; discovery odds ratio [95% confidence interval]: 0.60 [0.478–0.77], P = 3.13 × 10−5 replication odds ratio: 0.60 [0.37–0.98], P = 0.04). rs5525496 is associated with multiple expression quantitative trait loci in brain and non‐brain tissues, including RAB9B, H2BFM, TSMB15B, and GLRA4, but colocalization analysis suggests that rs5525496 may not mediate risk by expression of these genes. We also replicated a previous X‐chromosome–wide association study finding (rs28602900), showing that this variant is associated with PD in non‐European populations.ConclusionsOur results reinforce the importance of including X‐chromosome and diverse populations in genetic studies. © 2023 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Disputing recent attempts to reject the evidence in favour of systematic phonics instruction
Authors: Brooks Greg 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTwo recent articles from authors in Britain have attempted to show that the evidence in favour of systematic phonics in initial literacy instruction is weak; here, their arguments are disputed. Bowers (‘Reconsidering the evidence that systematic phonics is more effective than alternative methods of reading instruction’, Educational Psychology Review, 32, 2020) attempts to show that there is little or no research evidence that systematic phonics instruction is more effective than other commonly used methods. Detailed inspection shows that his analysis appears flawed. Wyse and Bradbury (‘Reading wars or reading reconciliation’, Review of Education, 10, 2022) offer four strands of evidence which, they suggest, undermine the case for systematic phonics teaching. However, they themselves admit they cannot draw conclusions from two of those strands; their survey of teachers in primary schools in England is unrepresentative and therefore unreliable; and their analysis of previous systematic reviews adopts such unnecessarily restrictive criteria that its conclusions cannot be accepted.
Context and implicationsRationale for this studyEvidence in favour of using systematic phonics instruction as part of the teaching of initial literacy has grown steadily for decades, as shown by Brooks (2022). However, other specialists in the field have disputed whether the evidence on the effectiveness of systematic phonics is reliable.Why this mattersIf that evidence were proved inadequate, much official policy on, and widespread practice in, initial literacy teaching would be cast in doubt. This article therefore analyses two recent critiques from British authors (Bowers, 2020; Wyse & Bradbury, 2022), and attempts to demonstrate that those critiques fail in their attempts to show that the evidence on phonics is unreliable.ImplicationsGiven this, in the current state of knowledge the evidence in favour of systematic phonics seems robust, and the key implication for teachers of initial literacy is therefore that systematic phonics instruction should remain an essential element within their repertoire. Furthermore, institutions of teacher education should ensure that intending teachers of early years are trained to provide phonics teaching that is soundly based on research evidence.
Perioperative management of umbilical herniorrhaphy with ileal resection and anastomosis in a pygmy hippopotamus (Choeropsis liberiensis)
Authors: O'Connor Luke , Downs Chris , Langan Jennifer N. , Chinnadurai Sathya K. , Adkesson Michael J. , Ivančić Marina , Aitken‐Palmer Copper 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA 28‐year‐old 278 kg female pygmy hippopotamus (Choeropsis liberiensis) with a chronic, static umbilical hernia presented acutely for lethargy and anorexia. Ultrasonography and abdominocentesis were consistent with an incarcerated umbilical hernia. An exploratory laparotomy, ileal resection and anastomosis, and herniorrhaphy were carried out via a ventral midline incision and the hippopotamus remained hospitalised for 9 weeks postoperatively. A second surgery was necessary to debride the incision site after the primary skin closure dehisced. Improved support to skin sutures was provided using sterilised plastic cable zip ties, which were better suited to the unique skin of the hippopotamus and tension associated with the animal's size and anatomy. Incisional closure is a recognised challenge in this species and significant reinforcement is required to prevent wound dehiscence. The novel use of cable zip ties provided stability where suture material had transected the incision and should be considered in hippopotamus surgery.
An outbreak of small ruminant lentivirus in a Swedish dairy goat herd
Authors: Persson Ylva , Salenstedt Emelie Hedlund , Andersson Ellen , Wensman Jonas Johansson 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSmall ruminant lentivirus causes severe economic losses, and negatively affects animal welfare in goat herds across the world. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical and pathological consequences of the disease in an affected goat herd, as well as to sequence the virus in infected animals. Seventy‐six percent of the sampled animals were small ruminant lentivirus seropositive. The most prominent signs of disease were respiratory signs found in clinical examinations and chronic interstitial pneumonia found at postmortem examination. All animals with pneumonia also showed evidence of infection with Muellerius capillaris. The cell count in bulk milk was high and most likely related to the high small ruminant lentivirus seroprevalence within the herd. Small ruminant lentivirus was successfully detected in the lungs, bronchial lymph nodes and udder tissues using polymerase chain reaction. The phylogenetic analysis of the obtained sequences revealed the highest similarity with small ruminant lentiviruses in group C, which consists of viruses which have previously been found in Norwegian goats and sheep.
Familien mit Säuglingen und Kleinkindern in der COVID-19-Pandemie: Belastungserleben und Entwicklungsauffälligkeiten unter Berücksichtigung der sozialen Lage
Authors: Renner Ilona , Ulrich Susanne M. , Neumann Anna , Chakraverty Digo 
Published: July 2023

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung
Inzwischen ist empirisch belegt, dass Familien mit Kindern, die in der COVID-19-Pandemie Bildungs- und Betreuungseinrichtungen nicht besuchen konnten, Nachteile erlebten. Dies gilt insbesondere für Familien in Armutslagen. Über die Situation von Familien mit sehr jungen Kindern ist noch wenig bekannt. Es wird untersucht, inwieweit 1) Familien mit Säuglingen und Kleinkindern ihre Situation in der Pandemie als belastend erlebten und 2) ob es dabei Unterschiede nach der sozialen Lage gab, 3) wie sich die Pandemie aus Eltern- und Ärztesicht auf die Entwicklung der Kinder ausgewirkt hat und 4) inwieweit die soziale Lage auch bei pandemiebedingten Entwicklungsauffälligkeiten eine Rolle spielte.

Methoden
Das Nationale Zentrum Frühe Hilfen hat von April bis Dezember 2022 eine bundesweit repräsentative Erhebung bei Familien mit Kindern von 0 bis 3 Jahren durchgeführt, „Kinder in Deutschland 0‑3 2022“ (KiD 0‑3; N = 7818). Die Studie kombinierte eine Elternbefragung zu Belastungen und Ressourcen mit einer kinderärztlichen Dokumentation der kindlichen Entwicklung.

Ergebnisse
Auch Eltern mit sehr jungen Kindern haben ihre Situation in der COVID-19-Pandemie als belastend erlebt. Dabei zeigten sich deutliche Unterschiede je nach sozialer Lage. Sowohl aus Sicht der Eltern als auch im pädiatrischen Urteil hat sich die Pandemie bereits bei Kleinkindern negativ auf die soziale und affektive Entwicklung ausgewirkt. Diese Effekte sind bei Kindern aus armutsbelasteten Familien stärker ausgeprägt als bei Kindern aus Familien ohne Bezug staatlicher Leistungen zur Grundsicherung.

Diskussion
Um die pandemiebedingten psychosozialen Belastungen der Familien abzumildern und die Chancen der Kinder auf ein gesundes, entwicklungsförderliches Aufwachsen zu verbessern, ist es notwendig, Familien in Bedarfslagen stigmatisierungsfrei und niedrigschwellig zu unterstützen.
The scientific evidence for pre-adjusted edgewise attachments and mechanics
Authors: Hasan Aliya , Hania Mohamed , Mandall Nicky , Fleming Padhraig S. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntroductionFixed orthodontic appliance systems continue to evolve with a wealth of evidence emerging to underpin these refinements.AimsTo present the evidence from comparative prospective research informing the selection of fixed appliance design and mechanics.DesignDetailed literature review.Materials and methodsAn electronic search to identify randomised controlled trials and clinical controlled trials was undertaken using pre-defined search terms.ResultsBased on high-level evidence, no one bracket system has been proven superior in terms of efficiency or outcome. Similarly, a clear advantage associated with one wire type or dimension has not been shown. The effect of lacebacks in terms of anchorage management appears to be limited, while elastomeric chain and nickel titanium closing coils are associated with similar rates of space closure.DiscussionA wealth of high-quality recent evidence to support the selection of fixed appliance attachments, archwires and auxiliaries, including lacebacks and space closing mechanics, was identified.ConclusionsThere has been a considerable increase in the amount of high-quality evidence informing the choice of pre-adjusted edgewise mechanics in recent years. This information can be used to make evidence-based decisions in the selection and manipulation of fixed appliances during daily practice.
Comparing surgical outcomes of da Vinci SP and da Vinci Xi for endometrial cancer surgical staging in a propensity score-matched study
Authors: Seon Ki Eun , Lee Yong Jae , Lee Jung-Yun , Nam Eun Ji , Kim Sunghoon , Kim Young Tae , Kim Sang Wun 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe number of studies comparing robotic systems in endometrial cancer staging is limited. This retrospective study analyzed the medical records of 42 consecutive endometrial cancer patients, who underwent robotic staging using the da Vinci SP (SP) system, and 126 propensity score-matched patients who underwent staging using the da Vinci Xi (Xi) system. Median console and total operation times were longer in the SP group than those in the Xi group (125 vs. 77 min, p < 0.001; 225 vs. 154.5 min, p < 0.001, respectively). Notably, the median console time of the first 10 cases using SP was 184 min; it subsequently decreased to 99.5 min in the fourth 10 cases. SP had lesser postoperative hemoglobin (Hb) change (0.6 ± 0.7 g/dL vs. 1.8 ± 0.9 g/dL in Xi, p < 0.001) and lower median pain score at 6 h after surgery (2 vs. 3 in Xi, p = 0.046). Moreover, median postoperative hospital stay was shorter in the SP group (2 days) than that in the Xi group (6 days) (p < 0.001). Although SP was correlated with lower postoperative Hb change, shorter postoperative hospital stay, and lower pain score than those in Xi, it required longer operation times. Further prospective randomized studies are needed to validate the benefits of SP compared to other robotic platforms.
Phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from cystic fibrosis patients with chronic infections
Authors: Iwańska Agnieszka , Trafny Elżbieta Anna , Czopowicz Michał , Augustynowicz-Kopeć Ewa 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPatients with cystic fibrosis are predisposed to chronic respiratory tract infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. As the disease progresses, the microorganism diversifies into genotypically and phenotypically different strains which may coexist in the patient's airways for years. Adaptation of the microorganism to the airways of patients with cystic fibrosis probably occurs in response to the host's airway environment, the elements of the immune system and antibiotic therapy. Due to the chronic persistence of the microorganism in the airways, a comprehensive molecular analysis was conducted. The analysis included 120 strains isolated from 10 adult cystic fibrosis patients with chronic P. aeruginosa infection. The aim of the study was to analyze the molecular patterns of P. aeruginosa strains and to trace their transmission in the population of cystic fibrosis patients, as well as to study a relationship of the disease with specific phenotypic features. In the research, a genotypic analysis of P. aeruginosa was performed using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. The results of a number of phenotypic features of the strains were added to the outcomes of the molecular studies. As a result, 28 different genotypes were distinguished. The study also showed cross-transmission of strains between patients. 3 transmissible clusters were identified, including IG1 and IG2 clusters with 9 strains of P. aeruginosa each, obtained from 2 patients and IG3 cluster with 6 strains of P. aeruginosa isolated from 3 patients. Moreover, it was found that in some patients, several unrelated strains of P. aeruginosa may transiently or permanently infect the respiratory tract. A comprehensive understanding of the P. aeruginosa adaptation may help to develop more effective antimicrobial therapies and to identify new targets for future drugs in order to prevent progression of the infection to chronic stages.
Rolle der Tranexamsäure in der Plastischen Chirurgie: eine
systematische Überprüfung
Authors: Isaev Raya , Frey Elena , Motamedi Melodi , Allert Sixtus 
Published: July 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Blutungsereignisse in der Chirurgie stellen ein Problem dar
und können zu Revisionsoperationen und Blutungsanämie
führen, welche zum Teil mittels Bluttransfusionen therapiert werden
müssen. Tranexamsäure ist ein antifibrinolytischer Wirkstoff,
der bereits für die Prävention und Therapie von perioperativen
Blutungen aus der Orthopädie, kardiovaskulären Chirurgie sowie
Gynäkologie bekannt ist. In der Plastischen Chirurgie nimmt die
Anwendung von Tranexamsäure an Popularität zu und wurde bereits
in einzelnen Studien beschrieben.
Material und Methoden Es wurde eine Literaturrecherche mit Hilfe der
Datenbank MEDLINE der National Library of Medicine (NLM) der Vereinigten Staaten
durchgeführt. Dabei wurden Schlagwörter „Tranexamic acid
in plastic surgery“, „intravenous tranexamic acid in plastic
surgery“, „topical tranexamic acid in plastic surgery“
sowie „subcutaneous tranexamic acid in plastic surgery“
verwendet. Die Suche wurde auf den Zeitraum 2010 bis 2023 begrenzt. Die Arbeiten
wurden nach Evidenzgrad, Aussagekraft und Verfügbarkeit analysiert und
in 3 Gruppen für die topische, intravenöse oder subkutane
Anwendung von Tranexamsäure aufgeteilt. Es wurden randomisierte
kontrollierte Studien sowie nicht randomisierte pro- und retrospektive
Kohortenstudien in die systematische Überprüfung inkludiert.
Studien aus anderen Fachbereichen, Review Artikel, technical notes,
experimentelle Studien, Briefe an den Editor, Kommentare und Case reports wurden
exkludiert.
Ergebnisse Die Literaturrecherche ergab insgesamt 135 Arbeiten. Davon
wurden 56 Arbeiten als relevant für die Plastische Chirurgie beurteilt.
Nach weiterer Analyse wurden 41 Arbeiten anhand der oben beschriebenen
Exklusionskriterien ausgeschlossen. 15 Studien wurden letztendlich in die
vorliegende Arbeit inkludiert und daraus Empfehlungen für die
Anwendungsmöglichkeiten wie intravenöse, topische und subkutane
Applikation von Tranexamsäure, inklusive der Indikationen,
Kontraindikationen und Dosierungsformeln erarbeitet.
Diskussion Die aktuelle Studienlage über die Anwendung der
Tranexamsäure ist zwar limitiert, jedoch zeigen die Ergebnisse mehr
Vorteile als Nachteile für die perioperative Anwendung. Die Etablierung
der Anwendung von Tranexamsäure in der Plastischen Chirurgie
könnte die Reduktion der perioperativen Blutung sowie das
präzisere Operieren erleichtern und eine zügige Entfernung von
Drainagen ermöglichen. Jedoch sind nach der Analyse von Nutzen- und
Risikofaktoren weitere randomisierte Kontrollstudien für die Anwendung
in der Plastischen Chirurgie erforderlich.
Introduction
Authors: Jordan Randolph 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The introduction lays out the basic theoretical framework for acoustic profiling, a method for listening to films by way of acoustic ecology (and vice versa). On the one hand, a sound ecology of the cinema entails the application of acoustic ecology’s prescribed listening practices to film sound studies. On the other hand, a new way of thinking about acoustic ecology is born of film studies, a way to consider acoustic ecology’s practice through film studies’ long history of dealing with problems of fidelity and realism through recording technologies. This intersection of fields offers a necessary critical discourse for handling the challenges inherent in navigating acoustic ecology’s media practices. The four dimensions of acoustic ecology are described as documentation, analysis, prescription, and composition, and it is explained how these can intersect with a variety of standard concepts in film sound theory. In turn, this introduction explains how the films analyzed across the book will demonstrate, enact, and challenge these dimensions through their mediality, a mode of reflexivity that emphasizes the role of media technologies in engaging with, rather than acting as barrier to, real-world space. The films expose the myths inherent to the discourse of fidelity and invite audiences to reflect upon their approaches to the audiovisual construction of space so they may carry this reflection to the world beyond the frame of the screen and its surrounding walls. The intersection of acoustic ecology and film sound studies can make films work as both extensions of acoustic ecology and means for critically rethinking the field.
Audible Transparency
Authors: Jordan Randolph 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Chapter 1 introduces Schaferian acoustic ecology through an analysis of Jacques Tati’s film Playtime (1967). The film is a meditation on the spaces of modernist architecture as exemplified by the use of glass as building material in the International Style, emphasizing the fact that glass enclosures are visually transparent while blocking the passage of sound, wherein the view out the window is dissociated from its soundscape, an example of what R. Murray Schafer calls the glazed soundscape to lament the current state of acoustic design. In this way, architecture is understood as a sound media technology just like any electronic device that shapes the way sound moves through space. Playtime challenges Schaferian critique of modernist architecture by setting up a rigorously contained environment in the first hour, only to subvert it in the second: by film’s end Tati presents a total reversal of the architectural imperative, glass becoming highly reflective while sound is allowed to pass through unhindered. The dramatic reversal in the representation of architectural space is the film’s mediality on display, emphasizing the fabricated nature of the ideologies that govern not only the construction of physical space but also our habits of experiencing it, in line with what the Situationists would describe as a psychogeographical shift. The author refers to the film’s architectural theme as audible transparency, the glass on display acting as both literalization of, and challenge to, the metaphor of transparency in hi-fi stereo culture that also forms the basis for Schaferian acoustic ecology.