bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intestinal health of broilers challenged with Eimeria spp. using functional oil blends in two physical forms with or without anticoccidials
Authors: de Oliveira Moraes Priscila , da Silva Pires Paula Gabriela , Benetti Filho Vilmar , Lima André Luís Ferreira , Kindlein Liris , Taschetto Diogo , Favero André , Wagner Glauber 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to assess the impact of a commercial blend of functional oils, specifically cashew nutshell liquid and castor oil (FO), in two physical forms (solid: P; liquid: S), in comparison to a combination of virginiamycin and anticoccidials on the gut health of broilers challenged with coccidiosis. A total of 1760 1-day-old male chicks were randomly distributed in a study design with eight treatments. The treatments included: a control group (without additive), OFS_0.75_kg/t (FO spray), OFP_1.0_kg/t (FO powder), OFP_1.5_kg/t (FO liquid spray), Sal (anticoccidials), Sal_Vir (virginiamycin and anticoccidials), Sal_OFS_0.5_ kg/t (anticoccidials plus FO spray), and Sal_OFP_1.0_kg/t (anticoccidials plus FO powder). All birds were challenged with Eimeria spp. at 14 days. The physical form of FO did not affect performance and intestinal health parameters. At 42 days, broilers from the control and OFS_0.75 treatments were the lightest, while those from the Sal_Vir and Sal_OFP_1.0 treatments were the heaviest (P < 0.05). FO reduced the presence of Clostridium perfringens. The individual phytogenic additives did not prevent weight loss in birds challenged with Eimeria, but they mitigated the effects of the infection by modulating the intestinal microbiota. A synergistic effect was observed between the FO and anticoccidials, yielding satisfactory results in substituting virginiamycin.
An enhanced turbulent flow of water-based optimization for optimal power flow of power system integrated wind turbine and solar photovoltaic generators
Authors: Zahedibialvaei Amir , Trojovský Pavel , Hesari-Shermeh Maryam , Matoušová Ivana , Trojovská Eva , Hubálovský Štěpán 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis paper uses enhanced turbulent flow in water-based optimization (TFWO), specifically ETFWO, to achieve optimal power flow (OPF) in electrical networks that use both solar photovoltaic (PV) units and wind turbines (WTs). ETFWO is an enhanced TFWO that alters the TFWO structure through the promotion of communication and collaboration. Individuals in the population now interact with each other more often, which makes it possible to search more accurately in the search area while ignoring local optimal solutions. Probabilistic models and real-time data on wind speed and solar irradiance are used to predict the power output of WT and PV producers. The OPF and solution methods are evaluated using the IEEE 30-bus network. By comparing ETFWO to analogical other optimization techniques applied to the same groups of constraints, control variables, and system data, we can gauge the algorithm’s robustness and efficiency in solving OPF. It is shown in this paper that the proposed ETFWO algorithm can provide suitable solutions to OPF problems in electrical networks with integrated PV units and WTs in terms of energy generation costs, improved voltage profiles, emissions, and losses, compared to the traditional TFWO and other proposed algorithms in recent studies.
Associations of physical activity types and intensity with cardiovascular diseases by age and gender among 18,730 Chinese adults
Authors: Lin Beilei , Zhang Zhenxiang , Zhang Weihong , Zhang Chunhui , Xue Lihong , An Baoxia , Wang Kaijuan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe associations of physical activity (PA) intensity and types with CVD (cardiovascular diseases) in different population are inconsistent and remains not very clear. A total of 7854 males and 10,876 females over 15 years were selected by multistage random sampling methods. In males, moderate-intensity physical activity (MPA) had no effect, while vigorous-intensity physical activity (VPA) played a significant protective role (OR = 1.319 and 0.615). However, in females, both MPA and VPA had significant protective effects (OR = 0.593 and 0.537). VPA presented as a significant protective factor in stroke patients and combined CVDs for males in all age groups; however, in females, the results suggested that, for those aged over 60–74 years, MPA was a protective factor. Furthermore, for the middle-aged or younger participants, the area under the curves (AUCs) of work, housework, and leisure activity were generally higher than that of other types, while for patients aged over 60 years, the AUCs of sedentary time and sleep activity seemed much higher. VPA had a better protective effect for preventing cardiovascular events, while the young and female population could benefit from MPA as well. Regardless of the types of PA, leisure activities were strongly recommended, and young people were much more likely to benefit from exercise than older people.
Function of a mutant ryanodine receptor (T4709M) linked to congenital myopathy
Authors: Magyar Zsuzsanna É. , Hevesi Judit , Groom Linda , Dirksen Robert T. , Almássy János 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPhysiological muscle contraction requires an intact ligand gating mechanism of the ryanodine receptor 1 (RyR1), the Ca2+-release channel of the sarcoplasmic reticulum. Some mutations impair the gating and thus cause muscle disease. The RyR1 mutation T4706M is linked to a myopathy characterized by muscle weakness. Although, low expression of the T4706M RyR1 protein can explain in part the symptoms, little is known about the function RyR1 channels with this mutation. In order to learn whether this mutation alters channel function in a manner that can account for the observed symptoms, we examined RyR1 channels isolated from mice homozygous for the T4709M (TM) mutation at the single channel level. Ligands, including Ca2+, ATP, Mg2+ and the RyR inhibitor dantrolene were tested. The full conductance of the TM channel was the same as that of wild type (wt) channels and a population of partial open (subconductive) states were not observed. However, two unique sub-populations of TM RyRs were identified. One half of the TM channels exhibited high open probability at low (100 nM) and high (50 μM) cytoplasmic [Ca2+], resulting in Ca2+-insensitive, constitutively high Po channels. The rest of the TM channels exhibited significantly lower activity within the physiologically relevant range of cytoplasmic [Ca2+], compared to wt. TM channels retained normal Mg2+ block, modulation by ATP, and inhibition by dantrolene. Together, these results suggest that the TM mutation results in a combination of primary and secondary RyR1 dysfunctions that contribute to disease pathogenesis.
Photothermal effects of terahertz-band and optical electromagnetic radiation on human tissues
Authors: Reddy Innem V. A. K , Elmaadawy Samar , Furlani Edward P. , Jornet Josep M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe field of wireless communication has witnessed tremendous advancements in the past few decades, leading to more pervasive and ubiquitous networks. Human bodies are continually exposed to electromagnetic radiation, but typically this does not impact the body as the radiation is non-ionizing and the waves carry low power. However, with progress in the sixth generation (6G) of wireless networks and the adoption of the spectrum above 100 GHz in the next few years, higher power radiation is needed to cover larger areas, exposing humans to stronger and more prolonged radiation. Also, water has a high absorption coefficient at these frequencies and could lead to thermal effects on the skin. Hence, there is a need to study the radiation effects on human tissues, specifically the photothermal effects. In this paper, we present a custom-built, multi-physics model to investigate electromagnetic wave propagation in human tissue and study its subsequent photothermal effects. The proposed finite-element model consists of two segments—the first one estimates the intensity distribution along the beam path, while the second calculates the increase in temperature due to the wave distribution inside the tissue. We determine the intensity variation in the tissue using the radiative transfer equation and compare the results with Monte Carlo analysis and existing analytical models. The intensity information is then utilized to predict the rise in temperature with a bio-heat transfer module, powered by Pennes’ bioheat equation. The model is parametric, and we perform a systematic photothermal analysis to recognize the crucial variables responsible for the temperature growth inside the tissue, particularly for terahertz and near-infrared optical frequencies. Our numerical model can serve as a benchmark for studying the high-frequency radiation effects on complex heterogeneous media such as human tissue.
Subsets of preoperative sex hormones in testicular germ cell cancer: a retrospective multicenter study
Authors: Törzsök Péter , Oswald David , Dieckmann Klaus-Peter , Angerer Markus , Scherer Lukas Christian , Tymoszuk Piotr , Kunz Yannic , Pinggera Germar-Michael , Lusuardi Lukas , Horninger Wolfgang , Pichler Renate 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPreoperative homeostasis of sex hormones in testicular germ cell tumor (TGCT) patients is scarcely characterized. We aimed to explore regulation of sex hormones and their implications for histopathological parameters and prognosis in TGCT using a data-driven explorative approach. Pre-surgery serum concentrations of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), testosterone (T), estradiol (E2) and prolactin were measured in a retrospective multicenter TGCT cohort (n = 518). Clusters of patients were defined by latent class analysis. Clinical, pathologic and survival parameters were compared between the clusters by statistical hypothesis testing, Random Forest modeling and Peto-Peto test. Cancer tissue expression of sex hormone-related genes was explored in the publicly available TCGA cohort (n = 149). We included 354 patients with pure seminoma and 164 patients with non-seminomatous germ cell tumors (NSGCT), with a median age of 36 years. Three hormonal clusters were defined: ‘neutral’ (n = 228) with normal sex hormone homeostasis, ‘testicle’ (n = 91) with elevated T and E2, low pituitary hormones, and finally ‘pituitary’ subset (n = 103) with increased FSH and LH paralleled by low-to-normal levels of the gonadal hormones. Relapse-free survival in the hormonal subsets was comparable (p = 0.64). Cancer tissue expression of luteinizing hormone- and follicle-stimulating hormone-coding genes was significantly higher in seminomas, while genes of T and E2 biosynthesis enzymes were strongly upregulated in NSGCT. Substantial percentages of TGCT patients are at increased risk of sex hormone dysfunction at primary diagnosis before orchiectomy. TGCT may directly influence systemic hormonal homeostasis by in-situ synthesis of sex hormones.
Relevance of circulating Semaphorin 4A for rheumatoid arthritis response to treatment
Authors: Avouac Jérôme , Vandebeuque Eloïse , Combier Alice , Poiroux Lucile , Steelandt Alexia , Boisson Margaux , Gonzalez Virginie , Cauvet Anne , Barnetche Thomas , Truchetet Marie-Elise , Richez Christophe , Allanore Yannick 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe lack of validated tools to predict rheumatoid arthritis (RA) disease course warrants the development of new reliable biomarkers. Our aim was to evaluate the merit of circulating SEMA4A for the prediction of outcomes in patients with RA. In a first cohort of 101 consecutive RA patients followed up for 41 ± 15 months, increased baseline SEMA4A levels were identified as an independent predictor of treatment failure (hazard ratio, HR 2.71, 95% CI 1.14–6.43), defined by the occurrence of patient-reported flares and initiation or change of targeted therapy. The highest predictive value of treatment failure was obtained with the combination of increased circulating SEMA4A and/or Disease Activity Score (DAS) 28-CRP > 3.2 and/or active synovitis on doppler ultrasound (HR 10.42, 95% CI 1.41–76.94). In a second independent cohort of 40 consecutive RA patients who initiated new therapy because of insufficient disease control, baseline SEMA4A levels were significantly higher in patients who further experienced none or moderate response, and SEMA4A concentrations were markedly decreased in the group of patients with good clinical response as compared to non-responders. Circulating SEMA4A appears as an appealing biomarker in RA with ability to predict treatment failure, and with association with response to therapy.
Inclusive fitness forces of selection in an age-structured population
Authors: Roper Mark , Green Jonathan P. , Salguero-Gómez Roberto , Bonsall Michael B. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHamilton’s force of selection acting against age-specific mortality is constant and maximal prior to the age of first reproduction, before declining to zero at the age of last reproduction. The force of selection acting on age-specific reproduction declines monotonically from birth in a growing or stationary population. Central to these results is the assumption that individuals do not interact with one another. This assumption is violated in social organisms, where an individual’s survival and/or reproduction may shape the inclusive fitness of other group members. Yet, it remains unclear how the forces of selection might be modified when inclusive fitness, rather than population growth rate, is considered the appropriate metric for fitness. Here, we derive such inclusive fitness forces of selection, and show that selection on age-specific survival is not always constant before maturity, and can remain above zero in post-reproductive age classes. We also show how the force of selection on age-specific reproduction does not always decline monotonically from birth, but instead depends on the balance of costs and benefits of increasing reproduction to both direct and indirect fitness. Our theoretical framework provides an opportunity to expand our understanding of senescence across social species.
Investigating the mechanical stability of flexible metal–organic frameworks
Authors: Son Florencia A. , Fahy Kira M. , Gaidimas Madeleine A. , Smoljan Courtney S. , Wasson Megan C. , Farha Omar K. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAs we continue to develop metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) for potential industrial applications, it becomes increasingly imperative to understand their mechanical stability. Notably, amongst flexible MOFs, structure-property relationships regarding their compressibility under pressure remain unclear. In this work, we conducted in situ variable pressure powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) measurements up to moderate pressures (<1 GPa) using a synchrotron source on two families of flexible MOFs: (i) NU-1400 and NU-1401, and (ii) MIL-88B, MIL-88B-(CH3)2, and MIL-88B-(CH3)4. In this project scope, we found a positive correlation between bulk moduli and degree of flexibility, where increased rigidity (e.g., smaller swelling or breathing amplitude) arising from steric hindrance was deleterious, and observed reversibility in the unit cell compression of these MOFs. This study serves as a primer for the community to begin to untangle the factors that engender flexible frameworks with mechanical resilience.
A multi-site German validation of the Interoceptive Accuracy Scale and its relation to psychopathological symptom burden
Authors: Brand Sebastian , Meis Annelie Claudia , Tünte Markus Roman , Murphy Jennifer , Woller Joshua Pepe , Jungmann Stefanie Maria , Witthöft Michael , Hoehl Stefanie , Weymar Mathias , Hermann Christiane , Ventura-Bort Carlos 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAltered interoception is thought to be implicated in the development of psychopathology. Recent proposals highlight the need to differentiate between dimensions of interoception to better understand its relation to mental health. Here, we validated a German version of the Interoceptive Accuracy Scale (IAS) and investigated the relationship between IAS scores and clinical outcomes, across seven samples from four research centers (N = 3462). The German IAS version was best explained by a one-factor structure that showed acceptable psychometric properties. We replicated previous findings showing a negative association between IAS scores and measures of alexithymia. IAS scores were negatively related to measures of clinical symptomatology (e.g., anxiety, depressive, and somatoform symptoms) and neurotic traits. These findings suggest that the German IAS is a reliable and valid instrument for subjective interoceptive accuracy. Results emphasize the importance of distinguishing between dimensions of interoception to understand its potential modulatory and protective role in psychopathology.
Reference Values for Videofluoroscopic Measures of Swallowing: An Update
Authors: Steele Catriona M. , Bayley Mark T. , Bohn Mary Kathryn , Higgins Victoria , Peladeau-Pigeon Melanie , Kulasingam Vathany 
Published: September 2023

Purpose:
It is essential that clinicians have evidence-based benchmarks to support accurate diagnosis and clinical decision making. Recent studies report poor reliability for diagnostic judgments and identifying mechanisms of impairment from videofluoroscopy (VFSS). Establishing VFSS reference values for healthy swallowing would help resolve such discrepancies. Steele et al. (2019) released preliminary reference data for quantitative VFSS measures in healthy adults aged < 60 years. Here, we extend that work to provide reference percentiles for VFSS measures across a larger age span.

Method:
Data for 16 VFSS parameters were collected from 78 healthy adults aged 21–82 years (39 male). Participants swallowed three comfortable sips each of thin, slightly, mildly, moderately, and extremely thick barium (20% w/v). VFSS recordings were analyzed in duplicate by trained raters, blind to participant and task, using the Analysis of Swallowing Physiology: Events, Kinematics and Timing (ASPEKT) Method. Reference percentiles (p2.5, 5, 25, 50, 75, 95, and 97.5) were determined as per Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute EP28-A3c guidelines.

Results:
We present VFSS reference percentile tables, by consistency, for (a) timing parameters (swallow reaction time; the hyoid burst–to–upper esophageal sphincter (UES)-opening interval; UES opening duration; time–to–laryngeal vestibule closure (LVC); and LVC duration) and (b) anatomically scaled pixel-based measures of maximum UES diameter, pharyngeal area at maximum pharyngeal constriction and rest, residue (vallecular, pyriform, other pharyngeal locations, total), and hyoid kinematics (X, Y, XY coordinates of peak position; speed). Clinical decision limits are proposed to demarcate atypical values of potential clinical concern.

Conclusion:
These updated reference percentiles and proposed clinical decision limits are intended to support interpretation and reliability for VFSS assessment data.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.24043041
Integrated turbulence parameters' estimation from NAOMI adaptive optics telemetry data
Authors: Morujão Nuno , Correia Carlos , Andrade Paulo , Woillez Julien , Garcia Paulo 
Published: September 2023

Context.Monitoring turbulence parameters is crucial in high-angular resolution astronomy for various purposes, such as optimising adaptive optics systems or fringe trackers. The former systems are present at most modern observatories and will remain significant in the future. This makes them a valuable complementary tool for the estimation of turbulence parameters.Aims.The feasibility of estimating turbulence parameters from low-resolution sensors remains untested. We performed seeing estimates for both simulated and on-sky telemetry data sourced from the new adaptive optics module installed on the four Auxiliary Telescopes of the Very Large Telescope Interferometer.Methods.The seeing estimates were obtained from a modified and optimised algorithm that employs a chi-squared modal fitting approach to the theoretical von Kármán model variances. The algorithm was built to retrieve turbulence parameters while simultaneously estimating and accounting for the remaining and measurement error. A Monte Carlo method was proposed for the estimation of the statistical uncertainty of the algorithm.Results.The algorithm is shown to be able to achieve per-cent accuracy in the estimation of the seeing with a temporal horizon of 20 s on simulated data. A (0.76″ ± 1.2%|stat± 1.2%|sys) median seeing was estimated from on-sky data collected from 2018 to 2020. The spatial distribution of the Auxiliary Telescopes across the Paranal Observatory was found to not play a role in the value of the seeing.
Supermassive black hole wake or bulgeless edge-on galaxy?
Authors: Sánchez Almeida J. 
Published: September 2023

Context. A recently discovered thin long object aligned with a nearby galaxy could be the stellar wake induced by the passage of a supermassive black hole (SMBH) kicked out from the nearby galaxy by the slingshot effect of a three-body encounter of SMBHs. Alternatively, the object could be a bulgeless edge-on galaxy coincidentally aligned with a second nearby companion. In contrast with the latter, the SMBH interpretation requires a number of unlikely events to happen simultaneously.
Aims. We aim to assign a probability of occurrence to the two competing scenarios.
Methods. The probability that the SMBH passage leaves a trace of stars is factorized as the product of the probabilities of all the independent events required for this to happen (PSMBH). Then, each factor is estimated individually. The same exercise is repeated with the edge-on galaxy interpretation (Pgalax).
Results. Our estimate yields log(Pgalax/PSMBH)≃11.4 ± 1.6, where the error is evaluated considering that both Pgalax and PSMBH are products of a large number of random independent variables. Based on the estimated probabilities, PSMBH < 6 × 10−17 and Pgalax > 1.4 × 10−5, we determined the number of objects to be expected in various existing, ongoing, and forthcoming surveys, as well as among all observable galaxies (i.e., when observing between 106 and 2 × 1012 galaxies). In the edge-on galaxy scenario, there are always objects to be detected, whereas in the SMBH scenario, the expectation is always compatible with zero.
Conclusions. Despite the appeal of the runaway SMBH explanation, arguments based on the Occam’s razor clearly favor the bulgeless edge-on galaxy interpretation. Our work does not rule out the existence of runaway SMBHs leaving stellar trails. It tells that the vD23 object is more likely to be a bulgeless edge-on galaxy.