bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of hard magnetic ferrite (Ba0.5Sr0.5Fe12O19) nanoparticles on the mechanical properties of the (Bi, Pb)-2223 phase
Authors: Hassan M. S. , Mohamed I. E. , Matar M. , Abou-Aly A. I. , Awad R. , Anas M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTo manifest the effect of hard magnetic Ba0.5Sr0.5Fe12O19 nanoparticles on the mechanical performance of the (Bi,Pb)-2223 superconducting phase, nano-(Ba0.5Sr0.5Fe12O19)x/Bi1.8Pb0.4Sr2Ca2Cu3.2O10+δ, with x = 0.00, 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04, 0.05, 0.10, and 0.20 wt%, were synthesized using a conventional solid-state reaction method. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) data revealed that adding nano-(Ba0.5Sr0.5Fe12O19) to the host (Bi,Pb)-2223 phase preserved the orthorhombic structure. The porosity (P%) calculations revealed a decrease until x = 0.04 wt%, which suggests that the addition of nano-(Ba0.5Sr0.5Fe12O19)x reduces the number of voids and improves inter-grain connections, as confirmed by SEM micrographs. The superconducting transition temperature (Tc) increased to 112 K with the inclusion of nano-(Ba0.5Sr0.5Fe12O19) up to x = 0.04 wt%. Vickers microhardness (HV) measurements were conducted at various applied loads (0.245–9.800 N) and a duration time of 45 s. The HV number increased with the addition of x up to x = 0.04 wt% but then decreased with further addition. Various models were employed for analysis and modelling of Vickers hardness (HV) versus test load (F), including Meyer’s law, Hays–Kendall (H–K) model, the elastic/plastic deformation (EPD) model, the proportional sample resistance (PSR) model, the modified proportional sample resistance (MPSR), and indentation-induced cracking (IIC) model. It was found that the PSR model was the most appropriate theoretical model for describing the microhardness of nano-(Ba0.5Sr0.5Fe12O19)x/(Bi,Pb)-2223 composites. Moreover, the elastic modulus (E), yield strength (Y), fracture toughness (K), brittleness index (B), and elastic stiffness coefficient (C11) were estimated as a function of the inclusion of nano-(Ba0.5Sr0.5Fe12O19)x. Furthermore, the indentation creep test (time-dependent Vickers microhardness) revealed that the dislocation creep mechanism exists in composite samples with low concentrations (x < 0.05 wt%), whereas the dislocation climbs creep mechanism was observed for x ≥ 0.05 wt%.
Role of Gd3+ and Ho3+ doping on the structure, physical properties and applications of ZnO
Authors: Arman M. M. , Gamal Alaa AL-Rahman 
Published: April 2023

AbstractZnO, Zn0.97Gd0.03O and Zn0.97Ho0.03O were prepared via a citrate auto-combustion method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) demonstrated that the investigated nanoparticles were prepared in a hexagonal structure, with crystallite sizes averaging between 12 and 60 nm. The morphology of the samples is illustrated by the field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) images. The paramagnetic behavior of the investigated nanoparticles is demonstrated by VSM. The value of the optical band gap (Eg) of Zn0.97Gd0.03O was higher than the Eg of ZnO due to the Moss–Burstein effect. Heavy metal Cd2+ ions from water are effectively adsorbed by rare earth-doped ZnO. At pH = 8, Zn0.97Ho0.03O exhibits a maximum removal efficiency of 91%. The Freundlich isotherm model fits the experimental results well.
First record of allonursing in golden jackal (Canis aureus, L. 1758): a case of double breeding and communal denning within the same social unit
Authors: Pecorella Stefano , De Luca Matteo , Fonda Federica , Viviano Andrea , Candelotto Marco , Candotto Silvano , Mori Emiliano , Banea Ovidiu 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn the last decade, there has been a remarkable increase in the number of scientific publications on the ecology of the golden jackal Canis aureus, whereas information on its reproductive biology is still scanty, and the basic reproductive parameters of the species are not yet fully understood. In 2021, we began a research project in North-Eastern Italy, where the golden jackal is strictly protected under the National Law, to investigate the species behavioural ecology and reproductive biology at the den site, as a key element for defining conservation measures. Within this project, we documented allosuckling behaviour, possibly related to the breeding of two females within the same social unit, with den sharing and communal nursing of the cubs. Our observations open new scenarios and raise questions on the reproductive biology and social organisation of the golden jackal, stimulating further topics for research.
A simple proof that the hp-FEM does not suffer from the pollution effect for the constant-coefficient full-space Helmholtz equation
Authors: Spence E. A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractInddimensions, accurately approximating an arbitrary function oscillating with frequency$\lesssim k$≲krequires$\sim k^{d}$∼kddegrees of freedom. A numerical method for solving the Helmholtz equation (with wavenumberk) suffers from the pollution effect if, as$k\rightarrow \infty $k→∞, the total number of degrees of freedom needed to maintain accuracy grows faster than this natural threshold. While theh-version of the finite element method (FEM) (where accuracy is increased by decreasing the meshwidthhand keeping the polynomial degreepfixed) suffers from the pollution effect, thehp-FEM (where accuracy is increased by decreasing the meshwidthhand increasing the polynomial degreep) does not suffer from the pollution effect. The heart of the proof of this result is a PDE result splitting the solution of the Helmholtz equation into “high” and “low” frequency components. This result for the constant-coefficient Helmholtz equation in full space (i.e. in$\mathbb {R}^{d}$ℝd) was originally proved in Melenk and Sauter (Math. Comp79(272), 1871–1914, 2010). In this paper, we prove this result usingonlyintegration by parts and elementary properties of the Fourier transform. The proof in this paper is motivated by the recent proof in Lafontaine et al. (Comp. Math. Appl.113, 59–69, 2022) of this splitting for the variable-coefficient Helmholtz equation in full space use the more-sophisticated tools of semiclassical pseudodifferential operators.
Scale-up analysis of a twin-bed PSA pilot plant
Authors: Marcinek A. , Bárcia P. , Guderian J. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSmall-scale pressure swing adsorption (PSA) plants, also referred to as pilot plants, are commonly exploited for studying separation processes in favour of the development of mathematical models and scale-up strategies. The applicability of a lately presented mathematical model, which was developed based on experimental data acquired from a high-purity twin-bed N2-PSA pilot plant, is verified in this paper for the design of large-scale systems by an analysis of the mass transfer zone development at different PSA cycle times. Effects of the PSA scale-up factor, adsorber aspect ratio, packed-bed density, and flow resistances along the piping system on the process performance are studied numerically. These considerations are particularly relevant for the scale-up of bank-type PSA units as well as for skid-mounted systems fitted to local space limitations, where the standard scale-up concept of keeping the gas velocity constant often cannot be fully realised. It is demonstrated that the sensitivity of the PSA performance to studied factors increases along with the required product purity level. Therefore, recommendations for adequate dimensions of pilot plants depending on the desired gas purity level can be derived. Limitations of the gas velocity through the adsorber shall be observed to generate reliable simulation data. The agreement between experimental results obtained from an industrial-scale system on one hand, and the outcome of a dynamic simulation on the other hand, is confirmed—provided that realistic pressure profiles are generated by a proper adjustment of flow resistances along the piping.
Profunctors Between Posets and Alexander Duality
Authors: Fløystad Gunnar 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe consider profunctors "Equation missing" between posets and introduce their graph and ascent. The profunctors $$\text {Pro}(P,Q)$$

Pro
(
P
,
Q
)

form themselves a poset, and we consider a partition $$\mathcal {I}\sqcup \mathcal {F}$$

I
⊔
F

of this into a down-set $$\mathcal {I}$$
I
and up-set $$\mathcal {F}$$
F
, called a cut. To elements of $$\mathcal {F}$$
F
we associate their graphs, and to elements of $$\mathcal {I}$$
I
we associate their ascents. Our basic results is that this, suitably refined, preserves being a cut: We get a cut in the Boolean lattice of subsets of the underlying set of $$Q \times P$$

Q
×
P

. Cuts in finite Booleans lattices correspond precisely to finite simplicial complexes. We apply this in commutative algebra where these give classes of Alexander dual square-free monomial ideals giving the full and natural generalized setting of isotonian ideals and letterplace ideals for posets. We study $$\text {Pro}({\mathbb N}, {\mathbb N})$$

Pro
(
N
,
N
)

. Such profunctors identify as order preserving maps $$f: {\mathbb N}\rightarrow {\mathbb N}\cup \{\infty \}$$

f
:
N
→
N
∪
{
∞
}

. For our applications when P and Q are infinite, we also introduce a topology on $$\text {Pro}(P,Q)$$

Pro
(
P
,
Q
)

, in particular on profunctors $$\text {Pro}({\mathbb N},{\mathbb N})$$

Pro
(
N
,
N
)

.
Transitions and its indicators in mutualistic meta-networks: effects of network topology, size of metacommunities and species dispersal
Authors: Baruah Gaurav 
Published: April 2023

AbstractGradual changes in the environment could cause dynamical ecological networks to suddenly shift from one state to an alternative state. When this happens ecosystem functions and services provided by ecological networks get disrupted. We, however, know very little about how the topology of such interaction networks can play a role in the transition of ecological networks when spatial interactions come into play. In the event of such unwanted transitions, little is known about how statistical metrics used to inform such impending transitions, measured at the species-level or at the community-level could relate to network architecture and the size of the metacommunity. Here, using hundred and one empirical plant-pollinator networks in a spatial setting, I evaluated the impact of network topology and spatial scale of species interactions on transitions, and on statistical metrics used as predictors to forecast such transitions. Using generalized Lotka-Volterra equations in a meta-network framework, I show that species dispersal rate and the size of the metacommunity can impact when a transition can occur. In addition, forecasting such unwanted transitions of meta-networks using statistical metrics of instability was also consequently dependent on the topology of the network, species dispersal rate, and the size of the metacommunity. The results indicated that the plant-pollinator meta-networks that could exhibit stronger statistical signals before collapse than others were dependent on their network architecture and on the spatial scale of species interactions.
A pilot study on the evaluation of cognitive abilities’ cluster through game-based intelligent technique
Authors: Ahmad Faizan , Ahmed Zeeshan , Shaheen Momina , Muneeb Sara , Riasat Rubata 
Published: April 2023

AbstractNumerous scientific studies measured cognitive abilities through administered tests. Most of these traditional tests are inappropriate for several reasons, such as cost-ineffectiveness, tiresomeness, and invasiveness. The need is to build cost-effective, exciting, and plausibly engaging techniques that could noninvasively measure cognitive abilities. This paper presents LAS, an intelligent technique that utilizes non-invasively collected game analytics to automatically evaluate the cluster of three cognitive abilities (i.e., Visual Long-term Memory (VLTM), Analytical Capability (AC), and Visual Short-term Memory in Change Detection Paradigm (VSTMiCDP)). The experimental group-based cross-generational cognitive evaluation in the game-based scenario established the potential of the proposed technique is twofold: 1) It successfully categorizes cluster of three targeted cognitive abilities within the 5-point evaluation sphere (i.e., 0–1 = very bad, 1–2 = bad, 2–3 = fair, 3–4 = good, 4–5 = excellent), and 2) It highly correlates with the results of a control group that are measured with three traditional cognitive tests.
Linalool as a novel natural factor enhancing ginsenoside production in hairy root cultures of American ginseng
Authors: Kochan Ewa , Szymańska Grażyna , Kwiatkowski Paweł , Sienkiewicz Monika 
Published: April 2023

AbstractGinsenosides are triterpenoid saponins, accumulated in root of Panax qiunquefolius. These secondary metabolites have numerous pharmacological properties such as: antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammation, anticancer. They have been found to regulate the functioning of the nervous and endocrine systems, thus maintaining homeostasis. Root harvesting for ginsenoside extraction for pharmaceutical industry destroys the entire plant, limiting its natural occurrence and impacts on wild populations of ginseng. The present study showed that hairy root cultures of P. quinquefolius, after using linalool as elicitor, can increase ginsenoside yield without the use of field-grown plants and independently of the vegetative season. The content of seven ginsenosides (Rb1, Rb2, Rb3, Rc, Rd, Rg1, Re) was determined. We found linalool to stimulate most studied saponin accumulation regardless of exposure time (24 and 72 h). Shorter time of elicitation and 0.1 µM linalool in medium proved to be optimum conditions to obtain the highest total saponin content (29% higher level than that of untreated roots) and Rg-group metabolites (2.28 fold higher amount than untreated roots). Ginsenosides, belonging to protopanaxadiol derivatives, were found to have different dynamics of their content changes depending on linalool concentration. The highest increase in untreated roots was noted for compound Rd. Therefore, elicitation with linalool can be an effective method of enhancing ginsenoside production in P. quinquefolium hairy root cultures cultivated in shake flasks.
Impact of Guaranteed Income on Health, Finances, and Agency: Findings from the Stockton Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: West Stacia , Castro Amy 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The purpose of this experiment was to test the effects of a $500 per month guaranteed income for 2 years on health and financial outcomes. A mixed-methods randomized controlled trial in Stockton, CA, USA enrolled 131 individuals to the treatment condition and 200 to control to receive a guaranteed income from February 2019 to January 2021. Quantitative data collection began 3 months prior to allocation at 6-month intervals concluding 6 months after withdrawal of the intervention. Qualitative data collection included 105 interviews across 3 stages. The primary outcomes were income volatility, physical and mental health, agency, and financial wellbeing. The treatment condition reported lower rates of income volatility than control, lower mental distress, better energy and physical functioning, greater agency to explore new opportunities related to employment and caregiving, and better ability to weather pandemic–related financial volatility. Thus, this study provides causal evidence of positive health and financial outcomes for recipients of guaranteed income. As income volatility is related to poor health outcomes, provision of a guaranteed income is a potentially powerful public health intervention.
Intracranial Germinomas: Diagnosis, Pathogenesis, Clinical Presentation, and Management
Authors: Kremenevski Natalia , Buchfelder Michael , Hore Nirjhar 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Intracranial germinomas constitute a rare brain tumor entity of unknown etiology, characterized by unique histopathology and molecular biology. In this manuscript, we review the literature focusing on the epidemiology, histopathology with molecular biology, clinical presentation with emphasis on tumor location, diagnostic workup, and current treatment strategies with related clinical outcomes of intracranial germinomas.

Recent Findings
Although the optimal treatment strategy remains a matter of debate, intracranial germinomas respond well to radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of both and are characterized by very high cure and survival rates. It is well-known that early discrimination of germinomas from other intracranial neoplasms facilitates the timely initiation of appropriate treatment, thereby contributing to the reduction of morbidity as well as mortality.

Summary
Ongoing research will need to be directed towards discovering and refining reliable parameters for early diagnosis and evaluation of prognosis in patients with intracranial germinomas.
Addressing child and maternal nutrition: a qualitative study on food prescriptions and proscriptions determining animal source food consumption in rural Kenya
Authors: Musyoka Mercy M. , Bukachi Salome A. , Muga Geoffrey Otieno , Otiang Elkanah , Kwoba Emmah N. , Thumbi Samuel M. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Animal source foods (ASFs) can play a critical role in the nutritional well-being of women and children. Although livestock ownership may translate to high availability of ASFs, community food prescriptions and proscriptions may determine consumption patterns and subsequent human nutritional status. This study sought to understand the existing dietary practices and underlying prescriptions and proscriptions of ASFs among women and children in Siaya County in western Kenya. The study was carried out among the Luo ethnic group in Siaya, western Kenya, within a livestock-keeping community where more than 90% of households kept at least one livestock species. Qualitative data collection was completed through 35 key informant interviews and 6 focus group discussions conducted between October and December 2018. Thematic analysis was used to establish and interpret patterns and relationships from emerging themes. We found male favoritism in food allocation and prohibition of eggs and (parts of) chicken, fish and meat for women and children, potentially contributing to low consumption of ASFs. Customary rites and ceremonies like funeral provided opportunities for the less fortunate to consume otherwise unaffordable and highly valued ASFs like meat. Religious beliefs and practices, unlike other cultural food beliefs and practices, remain rigid to change and thus contribute to low consumption of own-produced or locally available ASFs. To address protein malnutrition among these groups, our findings suggest improvement of animal production should be accompanied by interventions that address customary food prescriptions and proscriptions that may perpetuate low intake of ASFs especially among women of child-bearing age, mothers, pregnant women and children.
Probiotics and Prebiotics in Subclinical Hypothyroidism of Pregnancy with Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth
Authors: Ouyang Qian , Xu Yajuan , Ban Yanjie , Li Jingjing , Cai Yanjun , Wu Bo , Hao Yingqi , Sun Zongzong , Zhang Miao , Wang Mengqi , Wang Wentao , Zhao Yinkai 
Published: April 2023

AbstractEvaluating efficacy of probiotics combined with prebiotics in small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) in subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) in the second trimester. We collected data from 78 pregnant women with SCH (SCH group) and 74 normal pregnant women (control group) in second trimester, compare the differences in high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), result of lactulose methane-hydrogen breath test and gastrointestinal symptoms assessed by GSRS scale between two groups. In SCH group, 32 patients with SIBO were selected as intervention group. Treatment with probiotics + prebiotics for 21 days; The differences of lipid metabolism, hsCRP, thyroid function level, methane-hydrogen breath test results and GSRS scores before and after treatment were compared to evaluate the therapeutic effect. (1) The positive rate of SIBO and methane, hsCRP levels in SCH group were higher than those in control group (P < 0.05), the total score of GSRS scale, mean score of indigestion syndrome, and constipation syndrome in SCH group were higher (P < 0.05). (2) The mean abundance of hydrogen and methane were higher in SCH group. (3) After treatment, serum levels of thyrotropin(TSH), total cholesterol(TC), triglyceride(TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and hsCRP in intervention group were decreased, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) was increased compared with before treatment (P < 0.05). (4) After treatment, methane positive rate, total score of GSRS scale, mean score of diarrhea syndrome, dyspepsia syndrome, and constipation syndrome were decreased (P < 0.05). (5) The average abundance of methane and hydrogen were lower. Probiotics combined with prebiotics are effective in the treatment of SIBO in pregnant SCH patients.Clinical Trial Registration Number: ChiCTR1900026326.
RUNX1-IT1 favors breast cancer carcinogenesis through regulation of IGF2BP1/GPX4 axis
Authors: Wang Shengting , Wang Yufang , Li Qian , Zeng Kaixuan , Li Xiaoming , Feng Xinghua 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBreast cancer is the most common malignancy among women and the leading cause of cancer deaths, with complicated pathogenesis that is largely unknown. In this study, we identified a novel long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) as a critical driver of breast cancer tumorigenesis. RUNX1 intronic transcript 1 (RUNX1-IT1) was notably overexpressed in human breast cancer tissues, and knockdown of RUNX1-IT1 inhibited breast cancer cell viability and invasion, as well as tumor growth in orthotopic transplantation model. Further, RUNX1-IT1 repressed ferroptosis, a novel iron-dependent form of regulated cell death, via increasing glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) expression. Specifically, RUNX1-IT1 directly bound to N6-methyladenosine m6A reader IGF2BP1 and promoted the formation of (insulin like growth factor 2 mRNA binding protein 1) IGF2BP1 liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) biomolecular condensates, resulting in more IGF2BP1 occupation on GPX4 mRNA, increasing GPX4 mRNA stability. Moreover, high RUNX1-IT1 was linked to poor prognosis, and a strong positive correlation between RUNX1-IT1 and GPX4 was observed in clinical breast cancer tissues. Taken together, our data reveal that RUNX1-IT1 promotes breast cancer carcinogenesis through blocking ferroptosis via elevating GPX4, targeting of the previously unappreciated regulatory axis of RUNX1-IT1/IGF2BP1/GPX4 may be a promising treatment for patient with breast cancer.
Cross-sector collaborations via Facebook: teachers’ use of social media
Authors: Nicholas Maria , Rouse Elizabeth , Garner Rosemarie 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis paper reports on a study that explored the user-driven inter-organisational professional learning that teachers from two education systems collectively engaged in via social media. A dedicated Facebook group was established to enable Australian early childhood teachers (sector one) and primary school teachers (sector two) to engage in collaborations that would support children’s transition to school. Using an Activity Theory framework, findings showed that the site was mainly used by early childhood teachers to seek peer support in meeting reporting requirements, and that school teachers rarely posted. As such, the capacity of the Facebook group to support inter-organisational cross-sector collaboration and learning was challenged as determined by the most active participants within the site, while reinforcing the group’s capacity to support ‘just in time’ intra-organisational professional learning. This highlights a need for further research to explore the ways and means by which social media may best facilitate cross-sector collaboration between education systems, such as a more focussed and integrated use of social media during face-to-face cross-sector professional learning.