bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recognizing Beehives’ Health Abnormalities Based on Mobile Net Deep Learning Model
Authors: Torky Mohamed , Nasr Aida A. , Hassanien Aboul Ella 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMonitoring beehive health is a major area of interest within the field of honeybee economy. Ensuring beehives are free of problems such as Varroa destructors and hive beetles, ant problems, and missing queen represents an important challenge in the honeybee industry. Therefore, it is mandatory to have untraditional ways to diagnose these types of honeybee attacks. Artificial Intelligence (AI), computer vision, and the Internet of Things (IoT) can be integrated to develop smart systems for developing warning, prediction, and recognition systems to analyze beehives' health impacts, and conditions as well as monitor bees' behaviors and the environmental conditions inside/outside beehives. In this paper, a deep learning methodology is proposed to recognize the beehives' health abnormalities, Varroa destructors, hive beetles, ant problems, and missing queens. A novel version of the MobileNet model is developed by modifying the front layers of the mobile net model for performing the features selection phase. Three optimization algorithms are utilized and tested on a benchmark dataset of beehives, Adam optimizer, Nesterov-accelerated Adam (Nadam) optimizer, and Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) for selecting the most important features to recognize the three beehive health abnormalities. The implementation and validation results proved the efficiency of the Mobile Net using Adam optimizer in classifying beehives according to the three beehive health abnormalities (Varroa destructor and hive beetles, ant problems, and missing queen) where the model achieved testing accuracy of 95% and testing loss of 35%. In addition, the validation and comparison results confirmed the superiority of Mobile Net using ADAM optimizer in recognizing beehive health abnormalities compared to four deep learning models, Shuffle Net, Resent 50, VGG-19, and Google Net.
Two-Stream Xception Structure Based on Feature Fusion for DeepFake Detection
Authors: Wang Bin , Huang Liqing , Huang Tianqiang , Ye Feng 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDeepFake may have a crucial impact on people’s lives and reduce the trust in digital media, so DeepFake detection methods have developed rapidly. Most existing detection methods rely on single-space features (mostly RGB features), and there is still relatively little research on multi-space feature fusion. At the same time, a lot of existing methods used a single receptive field, which leads to models that cannot extract information of different scales. In order to solve the above problems, we propose a two-stream Xception network structure (Tception) that fused RGB spatial feature and noise-space feature. This network structure consists of two main parts. The first part is a feature fusion module, which can adaptively fuse RGB feature and noise-space feature generated by RGB images through SRM filters. The second part is the two-stream network structure, which utilizes a parallel structure of convolutional kernels of different sizes allowing the network to learn features of different scales. The experiments show that the proposed method improves performance compared to the Xception network. Compared to SSTNet, the detection accuracy of the Neural Textures is improved by nearly 8%.
„Wenn ein Unterhaltungsunternehmen Ihre Weiterbildung organisieren würde“ – die 4 P des Marketings und Train-the-Trainer-Seminare
Authors: Wild D. , Bischoff M. , Dehnen D. , Rau A. , van de Loo R. , Wolf H. , Sonntag U. 
Published: August 2023

ZusammenfassungZielsetzungIm Rahmen der Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Allgemeinmedizin und Familienmedizin im September 2022 in Greifswald wurde ein Workshop zum Marketing von Train-the-Trainer-Seminaren (TtT-Seminare) für die Weiterbildung Allgemeinmedizin angeboten. Inhaltlich stand hierbei die Übertragung erfolgreicher Marketingstrategien von großen amerikanischen Unterhaltungsunternehmen – das so genannte 4P-Modell des Marketings – auf die Bewerbung von TtT-Seminaren der Kompetenzzentren Weiterbildung (KW) Allgemeinmedizin im Fokus.MethodikIn einem moderierten World-Café wurden anhand des 4P-Modells des Marketings Ideen und Best-Practice-Beispiele zur Vermarktung der TtT-Seminare gesammelt. Den Workshop leiteten sechs Mitarbeiterinnen aus sechs Kompetenzzentren Weiterbildung, und sieben Personen nahmen daran teil. Nach Systematisierung der Ergebnisse erfolgte deren Zuordnung in die Kategorien des 4P-Modells mittels Konsensverfahrens durch die Autorinnen.ErgebnisseZu allen vier Kategorien des 4P-Modells – Produkt, Platz, Preis, Promotion – wurden Beispiele gesammelt. Insbesondere die Herausarbeitung des Markenkerns von TtT-Seminaren, die Kommunikation des Markenversprechens und die Umsetzung attraktivitätssteigernder Marketingstrategien waren zentrale Ergebnisse des Austauschs.SchlussfolgerungDie Anwendung eines fachfremden Blicks ermöglicht den KW einen gewinnbringenden Perspektivwechsel bezüglich der Vermarktung der TtT-Seminare.
Determination of BVOCs based on high time-resolved measurements in urban and forest areas in Japan
Authors: Ichikawa Yujiro , Nojiri Kiyoshi , Sasaka Kouki 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBiogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) with high photochemical activity and short atmospheric lifetimes are major contributors to tropospheric ozone and other photochemical air pollution. Although several studies have been conducted on BVOC emissions in Japan, no comprehensive observations have been made to determine the actual state of BVOCs in the atmosphere. Therefore, we conducted time-resolved measurements of atmospheric BVOCs in urban and forested areas throughout the year. The concentrations of BVOCs were higher in summer than in the other seasons. Isoprene concentrations were higher during hours with higher temperatures and solar radiation. However, there were also months and times of the year when monoterpenes showed high concentrations, which indicates that the behavior of the BVOC components differed depending on the time of the year. The results of the propylene equivalent concentration indicated that BVOCs considerably contributed to tropospheric ozone production. The year-long observations of BVOCs in this study contribute to our understanding of the actual status of atmospheric BVOC concentrations and components and the uncertainty in the calculation results of chemical transport models.
Adolescent pursuit of health information online during the COVID-19 pandemic: The roles played by eHealth literacy and psychological distress
Authors: Chang Fong-Ching , Chang Chingching , Tao Chen-Chao 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
COVID-19 has led to an increase in mental health problems for adolescents. In this study, we examined the factors related to the eHealth literacy of adolescents and how that impacted their pursuit of health information and mental health information online during the COVID-19 pandemic. We analyzed data from the 2020 Taiwan Communication Survey, which involved a total of 1,250 national representative adolescents who completed an online questionnaire. The results showed that two-thirds of adolescents reported searching for health information online, and about half of them reported searching for mental health information online during the COVID-19 pandemic. Multivariate analysis results indicated that adolescents who spent more time learning online, had higher levels of bonding social capital and self-determination, and had higher levels of parental active internet mediation were more likely to have higher levels of eHealth literacy. In addition, multivariate analysis results showed that adolescents who had higher levels of eHealth literacy and had higher depression and anxiety were more likely to seek health information and mental health information online. In conclusion, the levels of eHealth literacy and psychological distress of adolescents played a crucial role in their pursuit of health information and mental health information online during the COVID-19 pandemic.
The COVID-19 pandemic and mental health in Kazakhstan
Authors: Mergenova Gaukhar , Rosenthal Susan L. , Myrkassymova Akbope , Bukharbayeva Assel , Iskakova Balnur , Izekenova Aigulsum , Izekenova Assel , Alekesheva Lyailya , Yerdenova Maral , Karibayev Kuanysh , Zhussupov Baurzhan , Alimbekova Gulzhan , Davis Alissa 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic had significant impacts on mental health. We examined factors associated with symptoms of depression and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic in Kazakhstan. We surveyed 991 adults in Kazakhstan in July 2021 using multistage stratified sampling. Depression and anxiety were measured with the Patient Health Questionnaire-4. We conducted logistic regression to assess associations between depression and anxiety and sociobehavioral factors. Overall, 12.01% reported depressive symptoms and 8.38% anxiety. Higher likelihood of depression was associated with being female (AOR: 1.64; 95% CI [1.05, 2.55]), having experience with COVID-19 in the social environment (AOR: 1.85; 95% CI [1.1–3.14]), experiencing food insecurity (AOR: 1.80; 95% CI [1.11–2.89]), increased family conflict (AOR: 2.43; 95% CI [1.32–4.48]) and impaired healthcare access (AOR: 2.41; 95% CI [1.32–4.41]). Higher likelihood of anxiety was associated with being female (AOR: 3.43; 95% CI [1.91–6.15]), increased family conflict (AOR: 2.22; 95% CI [1.11–4.44]) and impaired healthcare access (AOR: 2.63; 95% CI [1.36–5.12]). Multiple factors were associated with mental health in Kazakhstan during the COVID-19 pandemic. Further research is needed to determine the extent to which these factors and their associated mental health outcomes may persist.
The role of ChatGPT in enhancing ENT surgical training – a trainees’ perspective
Authors: Brennan Laura , Balakumar Ramkishan , Bennett Warren 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveChatGPT, developed by Open AI (November 2022) is a powerful artificial intelligence language model, designed to produce human-like text from user-written prompts. Prompts must give context-specific information to produce valuable responses. Otolaryngology is a specialist field that sees limited exposure during undergraduate and postgraduate education. Additionally, otolaryngology trainees have seen a reduction in learning opportunities since the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.MethodThis article aims to give guidance on optimising the ChatGPT system in the context of education for otolaryngology by reviewing barriers to otolaryngology education and suggesting ways that ChatGPT can overcome them by providing examples using the authors’ experience.ResultsOverall, the authors saw that ChatGPT demonstrated some useful qualities, particularly with regards to assistance with communication skills and individualised patient responses.ConclusionAlthough ChatGPT cannot replace traditional mentorship and practical surgical experience, it can serve as an invaluable supplementary resource to education in otolaryngology.
Development of somatic embryogenesis of mangrove fan palm (Licuala spinosa Thunb.) from culturing immature zygotic embryo
Authors: Heedchim Waraporn , Niha Chakriya , Yenchon Sureerat , Te-chato Sompong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMangrove fan palm is an endemic plant that grows well and has for a long period been related to traditional ceremonies in southern Thailand. It is an endangered plant with a slow growth and is difficult to propagate in mass production. Tissue culture technique can be used to produce a large number of plants within a short time and to preserve in vitro germplasm resulting in the plant not becoming extinct from natural habitats. Thus, the objectives of this research were to study effects of auxins and embryo preparation on somatic embryogenesis. The sterile immature zygotic embryo was cultured on MS medium with different types and concentrations of auxins. The results showed that 1 mg/l dicamba gave the best results in callus induction at 100% and callus diameter at 4.67 mm after 8 weeks of culture. For callus proliferation, callus chopped at 100 times and transferred to 0.1 mg/l dicamba containing oil palm culture medium gave the highest callus diameter at 10.33 mm after 4 weeks of culture and somatic embryos were also produced. Upon transferring somatic embryos to MS medium with 0.2 M sorbitol, a large number of various developmental stages of secondary somatic embryos were induced within 4 weeks. Therefore, the finding of this study could be highlighted that dicamba and chopping callus have an important role to induce callus and somatic embryo. This is the first report achieved on in vitro propagation of this plant and it will be beneficial for genetic conservation and biotechnological applications in the future.
Rapid orbital precession of the eclipsing binary HS Hydrae
Authors: Matekov A. M. , Hojaev A. S. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe investigated the evolution of HS Hya system’s inclination based on analysis of its light curves in the period 1964–2021. HS Hya is EA type eclipsing binary star, belonging to separate group with changing orbital inclination. We used our recent observations as well as the data from sky surveys.
Signatures of wind formation in optical spectra of precursors of planetary nebulae
Authors: Puķītis Kārlis , Začs Laimons 
Published: August 2023

AbstractGenerally it is thought that shaping of planetary nebula from initially spherical envelope of asymptotic giant branch stars into non-spherical morphologies is a consequence of binary interactions. However, post asymptotic giant branch stars HD 235858 and HD 161796 seem to be at odds with this idea and perhaps the non-spherical nebulae surrounding them arose from intrinsic change in the nature of the stellar wind which is poorly understood for this evolutionary phase. Spectroscopic monitoring of these two stars has revealed signatures in the spectra that point to variable outflow. This indicates the prospect of spectroscopic monitoring to advance the knowledge of wind launching mechanism in post asymptotic giant branch stars and other dynamical processes in their extended atmospheres.
Solar Wind and Hydrologic Cycle
Authors: Leng Xuguang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe solar hydrologic cycle is the process of comets delivering water and gasses to the planets by collision, and solar wind stripping water and gasses from the planets and delivering them back to the Kuiper Belt. This new theory of solar hydrologic cycle provides that the solar hydrologic cycle is the continuation of planetary formation, and the cause of outer planets becoming gas giants, inner planets staying small rocks.
Role of Longitudinal Waves in Alfvén-wave-driven Solar/Stellar Wind
Authors: Shimizu Kimihiko , Shoda Munehito , Suzuki Takeru K. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe study the role the the p-mode-like vertical oscillation on the photosphere in driving solar winds in the framework of Alfvén-wave-driven winds. By performing one-dimensional magnetohydrodynamical numerical simulations from the photosphere to the interplanetary space, we discover that the mass-loss rate is raised up to ≈ 4 times as the amplitude of longitudinal perturbations at the photosphere increases. When the longitudinal fluctuation is added, transverse waves are generated by the mode conversion from longitudinal waves in the chromosphere, which increases Alfvénic Poynting flux in the corona. As a result, the coronal heating is enhanced to yield higher coronal density by the chromospheric evaporation, leading to the increase of the mass-loss rate. Our findings clearly show the importance of the p-mode oscillation in the photosphere and the mode conversion in the chromosphere in determining the basic properties of the wind from the sun and solar-type stars.
Gap opening by planets in discs with magnetised winds
Authors: Elbakyan Vardan , Wu Yinhao , Nayakshin Sergei , Rosotti Giovanni 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPlanets open deep gaps in protoplanetary discs when their mass exceeds a gap opening mass, Mgap. We use one- and two-dimensional simulations to study planet gap opening in discs with angular momentum transport powered by MHD disc winds. We parameterise the efficiency of the MHD disc wind angular momentum transport through a dimensionless parameter αdw, which is an analogue to the turbulent viscosity αv. We find that magnetised winds are much less efficient in counteracting planet tidal torques than turbulence is. For discs with astrophysically realistic values of αdw, Mgap is always determined by the residual disc turbulence, and is a factor of a few to ten smaller than usually obtained for viscous discs. We introduce a gap opening criterion applicable for any values of αv and αdw that may be useful for planet formation population synthesis.
Quantification of the environment of cool stars using numerical simulations
Authors: Chebly J. J. , Alvarado-Gómez Julián D. , Poppenhaeger Katja 
Published: August 2023

AbstractStars interact with their planets through gravitation, radiation, and magnetic fields. Although magnetic activity decreases with time, reducing associated high-energy (e.g., coronal XUV emission, flares), stellar winds persist throughout the entire evolution of the system. Their cumulative effect will be dominant for both the star and for possible orbiting exoplanets, affecting in this way the expected habitability conditions. However, observations of stellar winds in low-mass main sequence stars are limited, which motivates the usage of models as a pathway to explore how these winds look like and how they behave. Here we present the results from a grid of 3D state-of-the-art stellar wind models for cool stars (spectral types F to M). We explore the role played by the different stellar properties (mass, radius, rotation, magnetic field) on the characteristics of the resulting magnetized winds (mass and angular momentum losses, terminal speeds, wind topology) and isolate the most important dependencies between the parameters involved. These results will be used to establish scaling laws that will complement the lack of stellar wind observational constraints.
Evolution equations of the multi-planetary problem with variable masses
Authors: Kosherbayeva A.B. , Minglibayev M.Zh 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe investigated the influence of the variability of the masses of planets and the parent star on the dynamic evolution of n planetary systems, considering that the masses of bodies change isotropically with different rates. The methods of canonical perturbation theory, which developed on the basis of aperiodic motion over a quasi-conical cross section and methods of computer algebra were used. 4n evolutionary equations were obtained in analogues of Poincare elements. As an example, the evolutionary equations of the three-planet exosystem K2 − 3 were obtained explicitly, which is a system of 12 linear non-autonomous differential equations. Further, the evolutionary equations will be investigated numerically.
Observations of Winds and CMEs of Low-Mass Stars
Authors: Osten Rachel A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this invited review talk I summarize some of the recent observational advances in understanding mass loss from low-mass stars. This can take the form of a relatively steady wind, or stochastically occurring coronal mass ejections (CMEs). In recent years, there has been an expansion of observational signatures used to probe mass loss in low-mass stars. These observational tools span the electromagnetic spectrum. There has also been a resurgence of interest in this topic because of its potential impact on exoplanet space weather and habitability. The numerous recent observational and theoretical results also point to the complexities involved, rather than using simple scalings from solar understanding. This underscores the need to understand reconnection and eruption processes on magnetically active stars as a tool to putting our Sun in context.
X-ray view of colliding winds in WR 25
Authors: Arora Bharti , Pandey Jeewan C. , De Becker Michaël 
Published: August 2023

AstractThe long-term behavior of a colliding wind binary WR 25 is presented using archival X-ray data obtained over a time span of : 16 years. The present analysis reveals phase-locked variations repeating consistently over many consecutive orbits of the source (with binary orbital period : 208 days). A significant deviation of the X-ray flux with respect to the theoretical 1/D trend (D is the binary separation) close to periastron passage has been observed. This may occur due to the shifting of the adiabatic wind collision to the radiative regime in that part of the orbit. Further, no signature of X-ray emission in 10.0-79.0 keV energy range attributable to inverse Compton scattering is detected by NuSTAR.
Spin-down and reduced mass loss in early-type stars with large-scale magnetic fields
Authors: Keszthelyi Z. , de Koter A. , Götberg Y. , Meynet G. , Brands S.A. , Petit V. , Carrington M. , David-Uraz A. , Geen S.T. , Georgy C. , Hirschi R. , Puls J. , Ramalatswa K.J. , Shultz M.E. , ud-Doula A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMagnetism can greatly impact the evolution of stars. In some stars with OBA spectral types there is direct evidence via the Zeeman effect for stable, large-scale magnetospheres, which lead to the spin-down of the stellar surface and reduced mass loss. So far, a comprehensive grid of stellar structure and evolution models accounting for these effects was lacking. For this reason, we computed and studied models with two magnetic braking and two chemical mixing schemes in three metallicity environments with the mesa software instrument. We find notable differences between the subgrids, which affects the model predictions and thus the detailed characterisation of stars. We are able to quantify the impact of magnetic fields in terms of preventing quasi-chemically homogeneous evolution and producing slowly-rotating, nitrogen-enriched (“Group 2”) stars. Our model grid is fully open access and open source.
Discrete Absorption Components from 3-D spot models of hot star winds
Authors: Driessen F. A. , Kee N. D. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe winds of hot, massive stars are variable from processes happening on both large and small spatial scales. A particular case of such wind variability is ‘discrete-absorption components’ (DACs) that manifest themselves as outward moving density features in UV resonance line spectra. Such DACs are believed to be caused by large-scale spiral-shaped density structures in the stellar wind. We consider novel 3-D radiation-hydrodynamic models of rotating hot star winds and study the emergence of co-rotating spiral structures due to a local (pseudo-)magnetic spot on the stellar surface. Subsequently, the hydrodynamic models are used to retrieve DAC spectral signatures in synthetic UV spectra created from a 3-D short-characteristics radiative transfer code.
ISOSCELES: Grid of stellar atmosphere and hydrodynamic models of massive stars. The first results
Authors: Araya Ignacio , Curé Michel , Machuca Natalia , Arcos Catalina 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this work we seek to derive simultaneously the stellar and wind parameters of massive stars, mainly A and B type supergiant stars. Our stellar properties encompass the effective temperature, the surface gravity, the micro-turbulence velocity and, silicon abundance. For wind properties we consider the line–force parameters (α, k and δ) obtained from the standard line-driven wind theory. To model the data we use the radiative transport code Fastwind considering the hydrodynamic solutions derived with the stationary code Hydwind. Then, ISOSCELES, a grid of stellar atmosphere and hydrodynamic models of massive stars is created. Together with the observed spectra and a semi-automatic tool the physical properties from these stars are determined through spectral line fittings. This quantitative spectroscopic analysis provide an estimation about the line–force parameters. In addition, we confirm that the hydrodynamic solutions, called δ-slow solutions, describe quite reliable the radiation line-driven winds of B supergiant stars.