bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Head-to-Head Comparison of 68Ga-LNC1007 and 2-18F-FDG/68Ga-FAPI-02 PET/CT in Patients With Various Cancers
Authors: Zang Jie , Lin Rong , Wen Xuejun , Wang Chao , Zhao Tianzhi , Jakobsson Vivianne , Yang Yun , Wu Xiaoming , Guo Zhide , Chen Xiaoyuan , Zhang Jingjing , Miao Weibing 
Published: September 2023

Objectives
This head-to-head comparison study was designed to investigate the radiotracer uptake and clinical feasibility of using 68Ga-LNC1007, to detect the primary and metastatic lesions in patients with various types of cancer, and to compare the results with those of 2-18F-FDG PET/CT and 68Ga-FAPI-02 PET/CT.

Patients and Methods
Sixty-one patients with 10 different kinds of cancers were enrolled in this study. Among them, 50 patients underwent paired 68Ga-LNC1007 and 2-18F-FDG PET/CT, and the other 11 patients underwent paired 68Ga-LNC1007 and 68Ga-FAPI-02 PET/CT. The final diagnosis was based on histopathological results and diagnostic radiology. Immunohistochemistry for FAP and integrin αvβ3 was performed in 24 primary tumors.

Results

68Ga-LNC1007 PET/CT detected all 55 primary tumors, whereas 2-18F-FDG PET/CT was visually positive for 45 primary tumors (P = 0.002). Furthermore, subgroup analysis showed that 68Ga-LNC1007 PET/CT was superior to 2-18F-FDG PET/CT in diagnosing renal cell carcinomas and hepatocellular carcinomas. For metastatic tumors, 68Ga-LNC1007 PET/CT revealed more PET-positive lesions and higher SUVmax for skeletal metastases and peritoneal metastases compared with 2-18F-FDG. The SUVmax and tumor-to-background ratio of primary tumors on 68Ga-LNC1007 PET/CT were much higher than those on 68Ga-FAPI-02 PET/CT, the same was also observed for metastatic tumors. Immunohistochemical results showed that the SUVmean quantified from 68Ga-LNC1007 PET was correlated with FAP expression level (r = 0.564, P = 0.005).

Conclusions

68Ga-LNC1007 is a promising new diagnostic PET tracer for imaging of various kinds of malignant lesions. It may be a better alternative to 2-18F-FDG for diagnosing renal cell carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, skeletal metastases, and peritoneal metastases.
Bone Lipogranuloma Mimicking Metastatic Disease on 18F-FDG PET/CT
Authors: Kesim Selin , Dede Fuat , Cesmecioglu Emine , Karaman Damlanur , Turoglu Halil Turgut 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPrimary bone lipogranuloma is an extremely rare disease associated with reactive inflammatory granulomatous reaction associated with exogenous or endogenous lipids. Herein, we report a case of bone lipogranuloma with intense18F-FDG uptake, which mimics metastatic disease on18F-FDG PET/CT in a patient with breast cancer.
Clinical Efficacy of Orbital Computed Tomographic Assessment in Determination of the Optimal Length of the Jones Tube in Endo CDCR
Authors: Cha Eunhyang , Lee Hyunkyu , Lee Hwa , Baek Sehyun 
Published: September 2023

Purpose:
To investigate whether preoperative orbital computed tomography (CT) may be useful for predicting the optimal length of the Jones tube and determining the predictive parameters of orbital CT that are associated with the optimal length of Jones tubes in endoscopic conjunctivodacryocystorhinostomy (CDCR).

Methods:
The medical records of 36 patients (42 eyes) who underwent endoscopic CDCR with Jones tube insertion and preoperative orbital CT from March 2018 to April 2022 were retrospectively evaluated. Analyzing the orbital CT films using the Picture Archiving and Communication System, the distance from the lacrimal fossa to the nasal septum was measured in coronal and axial views.

Results:
In the successful group, the length of the inserted Jones tube was significantly correlated with the length difference between the inserted tube and the diagonal length measured in the axial view (r=−0.485, P=0.030). Equivalency of the length verified in the operating room and length measured on orbital CT were demonstrated as follows: diagonal length measured in axial view (Da), horizontal length between the medial eyeball to the nasal septum in coronal view (Hc) and the estimated length (Ej) in axial view with α=tan30° and α=tan25°.

Conclusion:
The optimal length of the Jones tube is best predicted using the length of the lacrimal fossa to nasal septum in coronal and axial views. Preoperative orbital CT assessments can be noninvasive and useful in predicting adequate lengths of the Jones tube.
How Is a Cutting Guide With Additional Anatomical References Better in Fibular-Free Flap Mandibular Reconstruction? A Technical Strategy
Authors: Yodrabum Nutcha , Tianrungroj Jirapat , Sinmaroeng Chanya , Rudeejaroonrung Krit , Pavavongsak Korn , Puncreobutr Chedtha 
Published: September 2023

Background:
Computer-assisted surgery is used to design and manufacture cutting guides in mandibular reconstructions with fibula-free flaps. To improve the outcomes of the procedure, the aim of this research was to investigate and compare the accuracy of mandibular reconstruction following the use of 2 versus 3 anatomical reference cutting guides.

Methods:
Eighteen sets of prototype bone models retrieved from an ameloblastoma patient were used for mock operations. The mandibular segmental osteotomies and fibular reconstructions were performed using 2 and 3 anatomical reference cutting guides in vivo surgeries. After reconstruction, the accuracy of the placed reference points was measured by superimposition of computed tomography images.

Results:
The error in cutting guides when using 2 or 3 anatomical references showed no significant difference. The fibular and condylar errors of the cutting guide between 2 and 3 anatomical references showed no significant difference in every plate type. The difference in screw hole position errors between 2 and 3 anatomical reference cutting guides was not statistically significant.

Conclusions:
Two anatomical reference cutting guides are sufficient and reasonable enough for mandible resection. However, there were some limitations and errors in our study.
Surveillance of Individuals at High Risk of Developing Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Paiella Salvatore , Secchettin Erica , Lionetto Gabriella , Archibugi Livia , Azzolina Danila , Casciani Fabio , Simeone Diane M , Overbeek Kasper A , Goggins Michael , Farrell James , Ponz de Leon Pisani Ruggero , Tridenti Maddalena , Corciulo Maria Assunta , Malleo Giuseppe , Arcidiacono Paolo Giorgio , Falconi Massimo , Gregori Dario , Bassi Claudio , Salvia Roberto , Capurso Gabriele 
Published: September 2023

Objective:
To quantify the rate of low-yield surgery, defined as no high-grade dysplastic precursor lesions or T1N0M0 pancreatic cancer at pathology, during pancreatic cancer surveillance.

Summary Background Data:
Global efforts have been made in pancreatic cancer surveillance to anticipate the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer at an early stage and improve survival in high-risk individuals (HRI) with a hereditary predisposition. The negative impact of pancreatic cancer surveillance when surgery is performed for low-grade dysplasia or a non-neoplastic condition is not well-quantified.

Methods:
A systematic search and prevalence meta-analysis was performed for studies reporting surgery with final diagnoses other than those defined by the CAPS goals from January 2000 to July 2023. The secondary outcome was the pooled proportion of final diagnoses matching the CAPS goals (PROSPERO: #CRD42022300408).

Results:
Twenty-three articles with 5,027 patients (median 109 patients/study, IQR 251) were included. The pooled prevalence of low-yield surgery was 2.1% [95%CI 0.9-3.7], I2 83%). In the subgroup analysis, this prevalence was non-significantly higher in studies that only included familial pancreatic cancer (FPC) subjects without known pathogenic variants (PV), compared to those enrolling PV carriers. No effect modifiers were found. Overall, the pooled prevalence of subjects under surveillance who had a pancreatic resection that contained target lesions was 0.8% [95%CI 0.3-1.5], I2 24%). The temporal analysis showed that the rate of low-yield surgeries decreased in the last decades and stabilized at around 1% (test for subgroup differences P<0.01).

Conclusions:
The risk of “low-yield” surgery during pancreatic cancer surveillance is relatively low but should be thoroughly discussed with individuals under surveillance.
Erosive balanitis caused by Staphylococcus haemolyticus in a healthy, circumcised adult male
Authors: Mazuecos-Blanca José , Mazuecos-Gutiérrez José Rafael , Jiménez-Gil Ana 
Published: September 2023

Introduction. Balanitis is an inflammation of the glans penis. Balanoposthitis involves both the glans penis and prepuce and occurs only in uncircumcised males. Recurrent balanoposthitis represents a strong indication for circumcision. After Candida infections, aerobic bacteria are the second most common aetiological cause of acute infectious balanoposthitis, mainly streptococci groups B and D, and staphylococci, usually

S. aureus

. Their clinical manifestations are variable inflammatory changes, including diffuse erythema and oedema. Severe balanopreputial oedema with purulent exudate occurs in painful, erosive streptococcal balanoposthitis.
Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) are commensal skin bacteria, but are also recognized pathogens of the genitourinary system, mainly related to urinary tract infections.

Staphylococcus haemolyticus

is one of the main species of CoNS that is part of the cutaneous microflora but is also associated with nosocomial infections. In addition,

S. haemolyticus

also causes other infections of the male urogenital tract, such as chronic prostatitis and epididymo-orchitis, but it has not been associated with balanitis.

Case presentation. A 45-year-old man reports having suffered several episodes of balanoposthitis in the last 3 years, which were treated with topical antifungal treatments alone or associated with corticosteroids. For this reason, he underwent a postectomy by his urologist 8 months ago to avoid further recurrences.
The patient consulted for an episode of painful, erosive and exudative lesions on the glans penis and over the post-operative scars lasting 5 days. He had no urinary discomfort or inguinal lymphadenopathy. A complete blood count, biochemical analysis, C-reactive protein (CRP), prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and urinalysis were normal. Abundant growth of

S. haemolyticus

was obtained in the culture on tryptone soya agar with sheep blood and chocolate agar with Vitox media. The MicroScan panel CIM 37 (PM37) was used to study the antimicrobial susceptibilities of the isolated bacteria. The fungal culture on Sabouraud dextrose agar was negative. Based on the antimicrobial susceptibility study, treatment with oral ciprofloxacin and topical mupirocin was started, and the genital infection was completely cured.

Conclusion. We present a healthy, non-diabetic, circumcised male patient with severe, erosive and painful balanitis probably due to

S. haemolyticus

.
Receipt of respiratory vaccines among patients with heart failure in a multicenter health system registry
Authors: Dermenchyan Anna , Choi Kristen R. , Bokhoor Pooya R. , Cho David J. , Delavin Nina Lou A. , Chima-Melton Chidinma , Han Maria A. , Fonarow Gregg C. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundHeart failure affects people of all ages and is a leading cause of death for both men and women in most racial and ethnic groups in the United States. Infections are common causes of hospitalizations in heart failure, with respiratory infections as the most frequent diagnosis.Vaccinations provide significant protection against preventable respiratory infections. Despite being an easily accessible intervention, prior studies suggest vaccines are underused in patients with heart failure.MethodsAn observational study of 7341 adults with heart failure was conducted using data from an integrated, multicenter, academic health system in Southern California from 2019 to 2022. Logistic regression models were used to determine the rates of influenza, pneumococcal, and COVID-19 vaccination among a population of patients with heart failure (heart failure preserved ejection fraction [HFpEF], heart failure mildly reduced ejection fraction [HFmrEF], heart failure reduced ejection fraction [HFrEF], and heart failure unspecified ejection fraction [HFuEF]) and identify whether heart failure phenotype is associated with vaccination status.ResultsVaccination rates varied between influenza, pneumococcal, and COVID-19 vaccines. Of the three respiratory vaccines, 54.5% of patients had received an influenza vaccine, 74.7% had received a pneumococcal vaccine, and 81.3% had received a COVID-19 vaccine. There were no sex-based differences by vaccination status. Patients with HFpEF and HFmrEF had the highest vaccination levels in all three vaccine groups. In adjusted models, patients with HFpEF had higher odds of being vaccinated for influenza (aOR=1.34, 95% CI=1.19-1.53), pneumococcal (aOR=1.28, 95% CI=1.10-1.48), and COVID-19 (aOR=1.25, 95% CI=1.07-1.47) compared to HFuEF patients. Patients with HFrEF had lower odds of being vaccinated for pneumococcal (aOR=0.81, 95% CI=0.70-0.93) than patients with HFuEF.ConclusionsPatients with HFrEF had the lowest levels of respiratory vaccination compared to other specified heart failure categories. Interventions are needed to increase vaccination education and offerings, especially to patients with HFrEF.
Single-Cell RNA Sequencing of Terminal Ileal Biopsies Identifies Signatures of Crohn’s Disease Pathogenesis
Authors: Krzak Monika , Alegbe Tobi , Taylor D Leland , Jones Gareth-Rhys , Ghouraba Mennatallah , Strickland Michelle , Harris Bradley T , Satti Reem , Arestang Kenneth , Ramirez-Navarro Lucia , Nishad Nilanga , Cheam Kimberly Ai Xian , Tutert Marcus , Ozols Matiss , Noell Guillaume , Leonard Steven , Przybilla Moritz J , Petrova Velislava , Jones Carla P , Wana Noor , Hu May Xueqi , Skelton Jason , Ostermayer Jasmin , Gu Yong , Garri Wendy , Brezina Biljana , Caballes Charry Queen , Corridoni Daniele , Parkes Miles , Iyer Vivek , Cotobal Martin Cristina , McIntyre Rebecca E , Raine Tim , Anderson Carl A 
Published: September 2023

SummaryCrohn’s disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease exhibiting substantial heterogeneity in clinical presentation and response to therapy. To explore its molecular basis, we developed IBDverse, the largest single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) dataset of terminal ileal biopsies, profiling over 1.1 million cells from 111 CD patients and 232 healthy controls. This resource integrates discovery and replication cohorts for robust identification of CD-associated cell types, genes, and pathways. We uncovered epithelial changes marked by interferon-driven MHC-I upregulation, persisting in progenitors after macroscopic inflammation resolution.ITGA4+macrophages were identified as key inflammatory drivers, showing enriched JAK/STAT signaling and cytokine expression (IL-6, IL-12, IL-23). Heritability analysis linked inflammatory monocytes and macrophages to CD susceptibility, implicating resident and recruited immune cells in pathogenesis. These findings establish a comprehensive cellular and molecular framework for CD, offering new insights into disease mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities.
A blood biomarker of accelerated aging in the body associates with worse structural integrity in the brain: replication across three cohorts
Authors: Whitman Ethan T. , Ryan Calen P. , Abraham Wickliffe C. , Addae Angela , Corcoran David L. , Elliott Maxwell L. , Hogan Sean , Ireland David , Keenan Ross , Knodt Annchen R. , Melzer Tracy R. , Poulton Richie , Ramrakha Sandhya , Sugden Karen , Williams Benjamin S. , Zhou Jiayi , Hariri Ahmad R. , Belsky Daniel W. , Moffitt Terrie E. , Caspi Avshalom 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACTBiological aging is the correlated decline of multi-organ system integrity central to the etiology of many age-related diseases. A novel epigenetic measure of biological aging, DunedinPACE, is associated with cognitive dysfunction, incident dementia, and mortality. Here, we tested for associations between DunedinPACE and structural MRI phenotypes in three datasets spanning midlife to advanced age: the Dunedin Study (age=45 years), the Framingham Heart Study Offspring Cohort (mean age=63 years), and the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (mean age=75 years). We also tested four additional epigenetic measures of aging: the Horvath clock, the Hannum clock, PhenoAge, and GrimAge. Across all datasets (total N observations=3,380; total N individuals=2,322), faster DunedinPACE was associated with lower total brain volume, lower hippocampal volume, and thinner cortex. In two datasets, faster DunedinPACE was associated with greater burden of white matter hyperintensities. Across all measures, DunedinPACE and GrimAge had the strongest and most consistent associations with brain phenotypes. Our findings suggest that single timepoint measures of multi-organ decline such as DunedinPACE could be useful for gauging nervous system health.
Rapid, biochemical tagging of cellular activity history in vivo
Authors: Zhang Run , Anguiano Maribel , Aarrestad Isak K. , Lin Sophia , Chandra Joshua , Vadde Sruti S. , Olson David E. , Kim Christina K. 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACTIntracellular calcium (Ca2+) is ubiquitous to cell signaling across all biology. While existing fluorescent sensors and reporters can detect activated cells with elevated Ca2+levels, these approaches require implants to deliver light to deep tissue, precluding their noninvasive use in freely-behaving animals. Here we engineered an enzyme-catalyzed approach that rapidly and biochemically tags cells with elevated Ca2+in vivo. Ca2+-activated Split-TurboID (CaST) labels activated cells within 10 minutes with an exogenously-delivered biotin molecule. The enzymatic signal increases with Ca2+concentration and biotin labeling time, demonstrating that CaST is a time-gated integrator of total Ca2+activity. Furthermore, the CaST read-out can be performed immediately after activity labeling, in contrast to transcriptional reporters that require hours to produce signal. These capabilities allowed us to apply CaST to tag prefrontal cortex neurons activated by psilocybin, and to correlate the CaST signal with psilocybin-induced head-twitch responses in untethered mice.
Convergent Sequence Features of Antiviral B Cells
Authors: Abu-Shmais Alexandra A. , Vukovich Matthew J. , Wasdin Perry T. , Suresh Yukthi P. , Rush Scott A. , Gillespie Rebecca A. , Sankhala Rajeshwer S. , Choe Misook , Joyce M. Gordon , Kanekiyo Masaru , McLellan Jason S. , Georgiev Ivelin S. 
Published: September 2023

SUMMARYThroughout life, humans experience repeated exposure to viral antigens through infection and vaccination, building diverse antigen-specific antibody repertoires. In recent years, these repertoires have become an important source for novel antibody-based antiviral therapeutics, yet there is still limited understanding of the determinants of antibody-antigen specificity. Here, we generated a large dataset mapping antibody sequence to antigen specificity for thousands of B cells, by screening the repertoires of a set of healthy individuals against twenty viral antigens representing diverse pathogens of biomedical significance. Analysis revealed antigen-specific patterns in variable gene usage, gene pairing, and somatic hypermutation, as well as the presence of convergent antiviral signatures across multiple individuals. These results help define the characteristics of human antibody repertoires simultaneously against an unprecedented number and diversity of viral targets. Understanding the fundamental rules of antibody-antigen interactions can lead to transformative new approaches for the development of antibody therapeutics and vaccines against current and emerging viruses.
Lung cancer-intrinsic SOX2 expression mediates resistance to checkpoint blockade therapy by inducing Treg-dependent CD8+T cell exclusion
Authors: Torres-Mejia Elen , Weng Sally , Nguyen Kim , Duong Ellen , Yim Leon , Spranger Stefani 
Published: September 2023

AbstractTumor-intrinsic signaling pathways can drastically affect the tumor immune microenvironment (TME), promoting tumor progression and resistance to immunotherapy by excluding immune cell populations from the tumor. Several tumor-cell intrinsic pathways have been reported to affect myeloid cell infiltration and downstream T cell infiltration. Clinical evidence suggests that the exclusion of cytotoxic T cells from the tumor core likewise mediates resistance. Here, we find that tumor cell-intrinsic SOX2 expression induces the exclusion of cytotoxic T cells from the tumor core and promotes resistance to checkpoint blockade therapy. CD8+T cell exclusion was dependent on regulatory T cell-mediated suppression of tumor vasculature. Depleting tumor-infiltrating regulatory T cells via Glucocorticoid-Induced TNFR-Related (GITR) restored CD8+T cell infiltration and reduced tumor growth in combination with checkpoint blockade therapy.SignificanceWe identified tumor cell-intrinsic SOX2 expression in lung cancer as a mechanism of resistance to immunotherapy. SOX2 expression increases regulatory T cell populations in the TME, negatively affecting the tumor vasculature and blunting CD8+T cell infiltration into the tumor core. This effect could be reverted by targeting regulatory T cells with anti-GITR therapy.
AutoFocus: A hierarchical framework to explore multi-omic disease associations spanning multiple scales of biomolecular interaction
Authors: Schweickart Annalise , Chetnik Kelsey , Batra Richa , Kaddurah-Daouk Rima , Suhre Karsten , Halama Anna , Krumsiek Jan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractRecent advances in high-throughput measurement technologies have enabled the analysis of molecular perturbations associated with disease phenotypes at the multi-omic level. Such perturbations can range in scale from fluctuations of individual molecules to entire biological pathways. Data-driven clustering algorithms have long been used to group interactions into interpretable functional modules; however, these modules are typically constrained to a fixed size or statistical cutoff. Furthermore, modules are often analyzed independently of their broader biological context. Consequently, such clustering approaches limit the ability to explore functional module associations with disease phenotypes across multiple scales. Here, we introduce AutoFocus, a data-driven method that hierarchically organizes biomolecules and tests for phenotype enrichment at every level within the hierarchy. As a result, the method allows disease-associated modules to emerge at any scale. We evaluated this approach using two datasets: First, we explored associations of biomolecules from the multi-omic QMDiab dataset (n = 388) with the well-characterized type 2 diabetes phenotype. Secondly, we utilized the ROS/MAP Alzheimer’s disease dataset (n = 500), consisting of high-throughput measurements of brain tissue to explore modules associated with multiple Alzheimer’s Disease-related phenotypes. Our method identifies modules that are multi-omic, span multiple pathways, and vary in size. We provide an interactive tool to explore this hierarchy at different levels and probe enriched modules, empowering users to examine the full hierarchy, delve into biomolecular drivers of disease phenotype within a module, and incorporate functional annotations.