bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sense of Coherence Among Apprentices in Vocational Education and Training in Norway: Exploring General Resistance Resources in Work-Based Learning
Authors: Hanssen Grete , Utvær Britt Karin 
Published: December 2022

Purpose: In the face of constant and rapid development achieving a work–life balance requires highly qualified and motivated professionals who can deal with stress and the demands of the future. In response, by facilitating school- and work-based learning, upper secondary vocational education and training (VET) prepares and qualifies adolescents for professional practice. In relation to VET, two fundamental salutogenic concepts can explain how humans cope with stressful and demanding situations: Sense of coherence (SOC), which entails comprehensibility, manageability and meaningfulness, and general resistance resources (GRRs), theorised as resources within individuals themselves (i.e., internal) and/or in their surroundings (i.e., external). Against that background, in our study we aimed to identify and explore which GRRs contribute to SOC among apprentices in VET and how they influence work-based learning. Methods: Data were collected from 11 VET student in Norway at three time points—at interviews during their final semester of school-based learning (i.e., spring 2020), at interviews during their work-based learning (i.e., spring 2022) and, for register data, following their completion of trade certificates (i.e., autumn 2022). The students' experiences of work-based learning as apprentices formed the basis of this study's analysis. The stepwise deductive–inductive method was used to generate and analyse the data. Findings: The apprentices' GRRs emerged in emotional, cognitive, physical, professional, social, relational, material and cultural dimensions. Identification and utilisation of GRRs were both individually and socially conditioned. The apprentices were able to identify, both consciously and unconsciously, internal GRRs to further identify external GRRs, and vice versa. Each identified GRR appeared to affect at least one, if not all, of the three components of SOC. Conclusion: Salutogenic VET can provide personal, social, environmental and physical resources (i.e., GRRs) that ensure coherent learning experiences. For that reason, by supporting VET students in identifying GRRs, teachers and supervisors can promote their SOC and work-based learning and thereby prepare them to be highly qualified and motivated professionals.
The effect of population-based blood pressure screening on long-term cardiometabolic morbidity and mortality in Germany: A regression discontinuity analysis
Authors: Pedron Sara , Hanselmann Michael , Burns Jacob , Rich Alexander , Peters Annette , Heier Margit , Schwettmann Lars , Bor Jacob H. , Bärnighausen Till , Laxy Michael 
Published: December 2022

Background
Hypertension represents one of the major risk factors for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality globally. Early detection and treatment of this condition is vital to prevent complications. However, hypertension often goes undetected, and even if detected, not every patient receives adequate treatment. Identifying simple and effective interventions is therefore crucial to fight this problem and allow more patients to receive the treatment they need. Therefore, we aim at investigating the impact of a population-based blood pressure (BP) screening and the subsequent “low-threshold” information treatment on long-term cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality.

Methods and findings
We examined the impact of a BP screening embedded in a population-based cohort study in Germany and subsequent personalized “light touch” information treatment, including a hypertension diagnosis and a recommendation to seek medical attention. We pooled four waves of the KORA study, carried out between 1984 and 1996 (N = 14,592). Using a sharp multivariate regression discontinuity (RD) design, we estimated the impact of the information treatment on CVD mortality and morbidity over 16.9 years. Additionally, we investigated potential intermediate outcomes, such as hypertension awareness, BP, and behavior after 7 years.
No evidence of effect of BP screening was observed on CVD mortality (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.172 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.725, 1.896]) or on any (fatal or nonfatal) long-term CVD event (HR = 1.022 [0.636, 1.641]) for individuals just above (versus below) the threshold for hypertension. Stratification for previous self-reported diagnosis of hypertension at baseline did not reveal any differential effect. The intermediate outcomes, including awareness of hypertension, were also unaffected by the information treatment. However, these results should be interpreted with caution since the analysis might not be sufficiently powered to detect a potential intervention effect.

Conclusions
The study does not provide evidence of an effect of the assessed BP screening and subsequent information treatment on BP, health behavior, or long-term CVD mortality and morbidity. Future studies should consider larger datasets to detect possible effects and a shorter follow-up for the intermediate outcomes (i.e., BP and behavior) to detect short-, medium-, and long-term effects of the intervention along the causal pathway.
Sonodynamic therapy suppresses matrix collagen degradation in vulnerable atherosclerotic plaque by modulating caspase 3 - PEDF/HIF-1α - MMP-2/MMP-9 signaling in macrophages
Authors: Tian Yanfeng , Sheng Siqi , Gao Weiwei , Yao Jianting , Tian Ye 
Published: December 2022

Background
The rupture of vulnerable atherosclerotic plaque is the main cause of acute ischemic vascular events, and is characterized by pathological degradation of matrix collagen in the fibrous cap. In a previous study, we reported that 5-aminolevulinic acid-mediated sonodynamic therapy suppressed collagen degradation in rabbit plaque. However, the underlying molecular mechanism has yet to be fully elucidated.

Methods
We applied sinoporphyrin sodium-mediated sonodynamic therapy (DVDMS-SDT) to balloon-denuded rabbit and apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE−/−) mouse models to observe collagen content in plaque. Cultured human THP-1 and mouse peritoneal macrophage-derived foam cells were used for in vitro mechanistic studies.

Results
We observed that DVDMS-SDT decreased plaque area and increased the percentages of collagen and smooth muscle cells and reduced the percentage of macrophages in rabbit and ApoE-/- mouse advanced plaques. In vitro, DVDMS-SDT modulated the caspase 3-pigment epithelium-derived factor/hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (PEDF/HIF-1α)-matrix metalloprotease-2/9 (MMP-2/MMP-9) signaling in macrophage foam cells.

Conclusions
Our findings show that DVDMS-SDT effectively inhibits matrix collagen degradation in advanced atherosclerotic plaque by modulating caspase 3-PEDF/HIF-1α-MMP-2/MMP-9 signaling in macrophage foam cells and therefore represents a suitable and promising clinical regimen to stabilize vulnerable plaques.
Association of zinc deficiency with infectious complications in pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplantation patients
Authors: Suwanphoerung Warangkhana , Klinmalai Chompunuch , Rattanasiri Sasivimol , Pakakasama Samart , Anurathapan Usanarat , Hongeng Suradej , Chongviriyaphan Nalinee , Apiwattanakul Nopporn 
Published: December 2022

Background
Zinc plays essential roles in immune function and epithelial integrity. Patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) often have low plasma zinc levels because of poor intake and diarrhea. We hypothesized that patients with zinc deficiency before HSCT had worse infectious complications after HSCT compared with patients with normal zinc levels. Citrulline, a marker of intestinal integrity, was also hypothesized to be lower in patients with zinc deficiency.

Patients and methods
Thirty patients undergoing HSCT at Ramathibodi Hospital during March 2020–September 2021 were enrolled. Blood samples for plasma zinc and citrulline were collected during the HSCT period. The 14- and 90-day outcomes after HSCT were prospectively recorded.

Results
Twelve of 30 (40%) patients had zinc deficiency before HSCT. Zinc-deficient patients were younger (median (interquartile range): 6 (8.8) vs 13 (5.8) years old; p = 0.017). Zinc levels tended to increase after admission in both groups. Patients with zinc deficiency had lower citrulline levels than those with normal zinc levels. Citrulline levels decreased in both groups after stem cell infusion, and the level was not significantly different between the two groups. Zinc-deficient patients had a higher rate of bacterial infection within 90 days after HSCT than those with normal zinc levels (6 in 12 patients (50.0%) vs 1 in 18 patients (5.6%); odds ratio [OR]: 17.0; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.68–171.70; p = 0.016). This remained significant after adjustments for age (adjusted OR: 12.31; 95% CI: 1.084–139.92; p = 0.043).

Conclusion
The prevalence of zinc deficiency in pediatric patients undergoing HSCT was high. Zinc-deficient patients had lower citrulline levels and higher incidence of bacterial infection after HSCT. However, citrulline level was not different between patients with and without bacterial infections. It is worth to investigate whether zinc supplementation before HSCT can reduce bacterial infection after HSCT.
Changes of proapoptotic and antiapoptotic genes affect sensitivity to apoptotic stimuli in impaired contractility due to long term bladder outlet obstruction
Authors: Kim Jae Heon , Yang Hee Jo , Choi Sung Sik , Lee Hong J. , Song Yun Seob 
Published: December 2022

Introduction
The normal biological process that necessitates cell removal greatly depends on apoptosis. Long term bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) causes damaged smooth muscle cells to undergo apoptosis. However, smooth muscle cell apoptosis that BOO causes is not well known in impaired bladder contractility. Therefore, we designed this study to investigate whether long-term BOO could induce apoptosis activities and to obtain an expression profile of apoptosis related genes.

Materials and methods
We used 10 Sprague-Dawley six-week-old female rats. We separated them equally into two groups: a sham intervention group (group 1) and an eight-week BOO group (group 2). We conducted cystometric evaluation eight weeks following BOO onset, with processing of bladder tissue for PCR array. Every array comprised 84 genes, which were established to contribute to an apoptosis response, cell differentiation and metabolism, and 12 sequences were established for the regulation of loading and the quality of cDNA. We performed real-time PCR. Changes in gene expression presented as a fold increase/decrease. Alterations of more than two-fold constituted the cut-off determining expression.

Results
Group 2 had a greater bladder weight and Impaired bladder contractility. Immunofluorescent staining with CAS3, TUNEL showed increased in the BOO group. In comparison to group 1, group 2 exhibited an at least two-fold upregulation in five genes, the Bcl-2 (15.1), Birc5 (5.8), Cd40lg (7.5), Il10 (16.2), and Naip2 (13.2). They also demonstrated at least a two-fold downregulation in the PRLR (-18.1) gene. Genes Bcl2ald, Circ5, Cd40lg, Il10, Naip2, and PRLR were among the genes with activity against apoptosis. TNF, STAT3 and TP53 mediated the effect that genes had on one another.

Conclusion
This study demonstrated that the relative ratios of pro- and antiapoptotic genes determine bladder cell sensitivity cells to apoptotic stimuli in impaired contractility caused by long term BOO. Although we cannot confirm whether this finding is the result of the decompensated phase of the bladder or the process, the gene expression profiles could explain molecular mechanisms of apoptosis in impaired bladder contractility caused by long-term BOO with further studies.
Assessing electrocardiogram changes after ischemic stroke with artificial intelligence
Authors: Zeng Ziqiang , Wang Qixuan , Yu Yingjing , Zhang Yichu , Chen Qi , Lou Weiming , Wang Yuting , Yan Lingyu , Cheng Zujue , Xu Lijun , Yi Yingping , Fan Guangqin , Deng Libin 
Published: December 2022

Objective
Ischemic stroke (IS) with subsequent cerebrocardiac syndrome (CCS) has a poor prognosis. We aimed to investigate electrocardiogram (ECG) changes after IS with artificial intelligence (AI).

Methods
We collected ECGs from a healthy population and patients with IS, and then analyzed participant demographics and ECG parameters to identify abnormal features in post-IS ECGs. Next, we trained the convolutional neural network (CNN), random forest (RF) and support vector machine (SVM) models to automatically detect the changes in the ECGs; Additionally, We compared the CNN scores of good prognosis (mRS ≤ 2) and poor prognosis (mRS > 2) to assess the prognostic value of CNN model. Finally, we used gradient class activation map (Grad-CAM) to localize the key abnormalities.

Results
Among the 3506 ECGs of the IS patients, 2764 ECGs (78.84%) led to an abnormal diagnosis. Then we divided ECGs in the primary cohort into three groups, normal ECGs (N-Ns), abnormal ECGs after the first ischemic stroke (A-ISs), and normal ECGs after the first ischemic stroke (N-ISs). Basic demographic and ECG parameter analyses showed that heart rate, QT interval, and P-R interval were significantly different between 673 N-ISs and 3546 N-Ns (p < 0.05). The CNN has the best performance among the three models in distinguishing A-ISs and N-Ns (AUC: 0.88, 95%CI = 0.86–0.90). The prediction scores of the A-ISs and N-ISs obtained from the all three models are statistically different from the N-Ns (p < 0.001). Futhermore, the CNN scores of the two groups (mRS > 2 and mRS ≤ 2) were significantly different (p < 0.05). Finally, Grad-CAM revealed that the V4 lead may harbor the highest probability of abnormality.

Conclusion
Our study showed that a high proportion of post-IS ECGs harbored abnormal changes. Our CNN model can systematically assess anomalies in and prognosticate post-IS ECGs.
Gothic Metaphysics: From Alchemy to the Anthropocene, Jodey Castricano (2021)
Authors: Eklund Tof 
Published: December 2022

Review of: Gothic Metaphysics: From Alchemy to the Anthropocene, Jodey Castricano (2021)
Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 282 pp.,
ISBN 978-1-78683-794-3, h/bk, USD 88
ABX464 (obefazimod) up-regulates miR-124 to reduce pro-inflammatory markers in inflammatory bowel diseases
Authors: Apolit Cécile , Campos Noëlie , Vautrin Audrey , Begon-Pescia Christina , Lapasset Laure , Scherrer Didier , Gineste Paul , Ehrlich Hartmut J. , Garcel Aude , Santo Julien , Tazi Jamal 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Advanced therapies have transformed the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease; however, many patients fail to respond, highlighting the need for therapies tailored to the underlying cell and molecular disease drivers. The first-in-class oral molecule ABX464 (obefazimod), which selectively up-regulates miR-124, has demonstrated its ability to be a well-tolerated treatment with rapid and sustained efficacy in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). Here, we provide evidence that ABX464 impacts the immune system in vitro, in murine model of IBD, as well as in patients with UC. In vitro, ABX464 treatment up-regulated miR-124 and led to decreases in proinflammatory cytokines including IL17 and IL6, and in the chemokine CCL2. Consistently, miR-124 expression was upregulated in the rectal biopsies and blood samples of UC patients and a parallel reduction in Th17 cells and IL17a levels was observed in serum samples. In a mouse model of induced intestinal inflammation with dextran sulfate sodium, ABX464 reversed the increases in multiple proinflammatory cytokines in the colon and the upregulation of IL17a secretion in the mesenteric lymph nodes. By up-regulating miR-124, ABX464 acts as “a physiological brake” of inflammation which may explain the efficacy of ABX464 with a favorable tolerability and safety profile in UC patients.
Pancreatitis and the Risk of Developing Gastric Neuromuscular Dysfunction
Authors: Pasricha Trisha S. , Staller Kyle , Kuo Braden 
Published: December 2022

INTRODUCTION:
Most gastroparesis and functional dyspepsia cases (collectively, gastric neuromuscular dysfunction [GND]) remain idiopathic. It is believed that some idiopathic cases of GND may be triggered by an inflammatory insult to the gastrointestinal tract. We theorized that the profound foregut inflammation induced by pancreatitis could result in increased risk of GND.

METHODS:
This was a case-control study of all patients undergoing gastric emptying scintigraphy between October 2017 and 2020 in an urban medical center with presumed GND. These were age-, sex-, and comparative health-matched to control patients with newly diagnosed microscopic colitis. Adjusted odds ratios (aORs) were calculated using conditional logistic regression.

RESULTS:
Among the 650 patients with GND, 359 had gastroparesis, and 9.2% had a history of acute pancreatitis (vs 3.1% of controls). Patients with GND demonstrated increased odds of having a history of acute pancreatitis (aOR 2.27, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.33–4.03, P = 0.004) and recurrent pancreatitis (aOR 2.08, 95% CI 1.67–3.48, P = 0.002). Median time to GND diagnosis after first acute pancreatitis episode was 1,544 days (477.5, 3,832). Patients with a history of pancreatitis-associated GND had increased mortality vs controls (aOR 3.41, 95% CI 0.96–5.48). In addition, patients with pancreatitis-associated GND had more hospitalizations vs GND alone (13.8 vs 3.7, P < 0.0001) during the study period.

DISCUSSION:
This is the first study demonstrating an independent association between pancreatitis and the risk of GND, which occurred ∼4.2 years after the first episode of acute pancreatitis. Pancreatitis should therefore be regarded as a possible risk factor for developing GND with important consequences for healthcare utilization.
Posdaya Sebagai Alternatif Pemerataan Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Murfi Ali , Jannah Rina Roudhotul 
Published: December 2022

This research is intended to reveal the importance of Posdaya as an alternative in equal distribution of early childhood education which is the community-based organization or educational embodiment of, by and for the community. The results showed that the implementation of the model of Posdaya is one of alternative in the equal distribution of early childhood educational levels or it which is called PAUD. The organization of PAUD Posdaya is evidence of the the answers of credibility the challenge of demographic bonus the year 2045, or 100 years of independence of Indonesia and can be a solution related to a classical problem of educational about equal distribution that occurred in Indonesia. Some of the things that make Posdaya important to be held because the first, Posdaya get higher percentage of community pasticipation. The second, it can be reached by all circles of society, especially medium to bottom class people. The third is as media to synergize the existence of each instituiton in society, such as government programs related to toddler, mothers, and society as Posyandu, PKK, BKB, KB, the national program for community empowerment (PNPM Mandiri), and other empowerment programs.
Analisis Efektivitas Program Kepemudaan KEMENPORA dalam Memperkuat Resiliensi Keluarga Menghadapi Krisis
Authors: Saputra Nopriadi 
Published: December 2022

COVID-19 membawa dunia pada krisis multi-dimensional yang berpengaruh terhadap kesehatan fisik, mental, dan finansial. Kondisi demikian ini sangat membutuhkan resiliensi keluarga. Untuk meningkatkan resiliensi keluarga, KEMENPORA mengambil inisiatif menyelenggarakan Pelatihan Kepemimpinan Pemuda dalam Rumah Tangga (PKPRT). Artikel ini berupaya menguji efektivitas dari PKPRT dengan menganalisis dampak dari kelima materi pelatihan tersebut terhadap resiliensi keluarga. Data yang diperoleh dari 296 alumni PKPRT dianalisis menggunakan Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modelling (PLS SEM). Hasil analisis menjelaskan bahwa PKPRT cukup efektif. Tiga materi pelatihan berdampak langsung, satu materi berdampak tidak langsung, dan hanya satu subyek yang tidak berdampak terhadap resiliensi keluarga. Perbaikan dan penyesuaian dapat dilakukan berbasis hasil ini untuk program pelatihan yang lebih efektif dalam membantu keluarga dan melindung anak-anak semasa krisis.Kata kunci: resiliensi keluarga; pengembangan kepemimpinan pemuda; kualitas pengasuhan
Situating Norbert Elias’ Power Differential in a Critical Exploration of Violence in Chilean Education
Authors: Bacquet Gaston 
Published: December 2022

Once hailed as a poster boy for neoliberalism, or what Milton Friedman called “The Miracle of Chile”, Chile has undergone a myriad of social and political changes that since 2011 have resulted in increased polarization and violent clashes between the opposing parties. The apex of this violence was reached in 2019, where civilians were blinded, public buses and subway stations burned and businesses vandalized in a series of violent acts that continued for weeks. Between October and November 2019, the country also experienced large peaceful demonstrations demanding greater equality towards women, sexual minorities and migrants (Chile has seen a surge in migration over the last 5 years, with 1.5 million people immigrating from Haiti, Venezuela and Colombia).

It is against this background that I began my research to investigate to what degree this direct, structural and cultural violence had spilled over into classrooms. My doctoral research, titled “Non-violence as a practice of equality: an exploration in Chilean higher education classrooms through participatory action research” sought to co-develop non-violent strategies to tackle violence in the way of exclusion, discrimination and any other manifestation within classroom settings.

This paper will explore the application of Elias’ notion of power differentials in the perpetration of cultural violence and the experience of violence by Chilean minorities as documented in my own research. I am particularly inspired by Norbert Elias’ work “The established and the outsiders”. Discussions with my research participants, all trainee teachers at Chilean universities, revealed that at the core of the instances of violence found lies a power imbalance and a view of those “outsiders” (migrants, lower income students, LGBTQI+) as less worthy and valuable and therefore victims to a wide range of violent acts resulting in exclusion and discrimination.
Wszystkie drogi prowadzą do Messiego
Authors: Kubiaczyk Filip 
Published: December 2022

S. Rodríguez, À. Soldevila, S. Escudero, De la gloria al infierno. ¿Qué ocurrió entre el adiós de Neymar y el adiós de Messi?, Ediciones Deusto, Barcelona 2022, ss. 240.
Futbol w cieniu dyktatury
Authors: Olchówka Anna 
Published: December 2022

Cristóbal Villalobos Salas, Fútbol y fascismo, Altamarea, Madrid 2020, ss. 200.
Federica Seneghini, Las futbolistas que desafiaron a Mussolini, Altamarea, Madrid 2022, ss. 224.
Hybrid Raman/EDFA optical fiber amplifiers configuration in amplified ultra wide band wavelength division multiplexed systems
Authors: Zaki Rashed Ahmed Nabih , Madala Kranthi , Babu Gade Harish , Ahammad Shaik Hasane , Hossain Md. Amzad , Daher Malek G. , Farouk Sara 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This paper presented the hybrid Raman and erbium doped fiber amplifiers in amplified wavelength division multiplexed systems. Important role of singly and hybrid light amplifiers are clarified in the presented work. EDFA/RAMAN based average power model based Raman amplifiers are used for strength the signal power levels. CW laser with return to zero code are employed in amplified multiplexed systems. The optimum EDFA optical amplifiers length is used to strength the signal through the optical fiber channel. The max. signal quality and min. error rates are obtained with the presented model. By the assistance of multi pumped lasers for the flat gain in the hybrid EDFA/Raman light amplifiers.