bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
After Returning to the Rural: The (Un)Sustainable Reintegration of Internal Migrant Workers in China
Authors: Cheng Mengyao , An Mingge , Tan Hongze 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe return of internal migrant workers to rural regions following prolonged periods of employment in cities is an increasingly prominent phenomenon in China. Researchers have examined return migration patterns, but investigating the intricacies of the reintegration process demands more highly sophisticated measurement approaches and warrants deeper empirical investigation. In this study, a comprehensive evaluation framework is designed for assessing reintegration outcomes on three interconnected dimensions: economic re‐engagement, social‐rebonding, and psychological re‐affiliation. By applying this framework to the analysis of data from the 2014 China Labour Force Dynamic Survey, we find that approximately half of returnees meet the defined thresholds for successful reintegration into rural society. There are considerable difficulties associated with economic reintegration, which underscores the need to provide enhanced economic support mechanisms for returning internal migrants. The main socio‐geographical factors contributing to successful reintegration include being in the middle‐to‐late stages of the working age, male gender, living with a spouse, returning with family, having interprovincial migration experience, and extended duration of return. This study enhances the comprehension of the challenges faced by returning migrant workers and provides analytical instruments and perspectives that can be used to deepen the understanding of internal migration issues in China and beyond.
Comparing Patency of Pulmonary Stent Implantation and Balloon Angioplasty in Pulmonary Vein Stenosis: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Batool Izza , Khan Muhammad Khuzzaim , Zohaib Muhammad , Khan Ibrahim Ahmed , Bukhari Syed Affan Ahmed , Shah Shreeja , Harmouch Khaled , Hennawi Hussam Al , Klugherz Bruce 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTPulmonary vein stenosis (PVS) is an insidious diagnosis associated with morbidity and mortality. Pharmacologic therapy may suffice initially, but advanced stages demand mechanical intervention. Pulmonary stent implantation (PSI) and pulmonary balloon angioplasty (PBA) are common strategies, both carrying restenosis risks. This meta‐analysis compares PSI and PBA to determine the superior revascularization strategy. We systematically searched databases until November 2023, identifying 11 studies with 780 patients. Studies, including those involving patients undergoing balloon angioplasty (BA) or stent angioplasty (SA) for PVS, were selected. Case reports, editorials, and cross‐sectional studies were omitted. Primary outcomes included restenosis requiring reintervention, 5‐year freedom from restenosis, and procedure‐related complications. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a random‐effects model. Meta‐regression analysis assessed factors like age and stent size. Study quality was evaluated using the Newcastle–Ottawa scale. This Systematic review and meta‐analysis incorporated 11 observational studies. PSI exhibited a lower risk of restenosis requiring reintervention (OR 0.34, 95% CI 0.13, 0.87, p = 0.02) and significantly higher 5‐year freedom from restenosis (OR 4.42, 95% CI 1.11, 17.62, p = 0.04) compared to PBA, with no significant difference in procedure‐related complications. Meta‐regression analysis showed age and stent size insignificantly affecting restenosis risk. Our review supports PSI as the preferred revascularization strategy for PVS due to superior patency benefits, emphasizing its role as the initial treatment choice. Further research is warranted for validation, considering individual patient factors in treatment selection.
Error‐Detected Robust‐fidelity SWAP and (SWAP)1/m$^{1/m}$ Gates for Quantum‐Dot Spins
Authors: Du Xin‐Shan , Tan Qiu‐Lin , Du Fang‐Fang 
Published: January 2025

AbstractQuantum logic gate forms the cornerstone of quantum computing. Here, two error‐detected, circuit‐compact, and fidelity‐robust SWAP and (SWAP) () gates are set for quantum‐dot (QD) spins with the aid of the scattering property of photon off QD fixed in double‐sided microcavity. For an ideal single‐photon scattering, the efficiencies and fidelities of both the SWAP and (SWAP) gates can, in principle, be close to unity. Otherwise, being directed against a nonideal scattering, the error‐detected units of two gates make their fidelities near perfect at the expense of slight reductions of their efficiencies. Moreover, the two quantum gates work in an error‐detected way and may be experimentally feasible with current technique on regulating the QD‐cavity system. Further, additional spin qubits are not required, thereby reducing both quantum resource usages and error rates.
AlgaeSperm: Microalgae‐Based Soft Magnetic Microrobots for Targeted Tumor Treatment
Authors: Celi Nuoer , Gong De , Cai Jun , Tang Tan , Xu Ye , Zhang Deyuan 
Published: January 2025

AbstractMagnetic microrobots are significant platforms for targeted drug delivery, among which sperm‐inspired types have attracted much attention due to their flexible undulation. However, mass production of sperm‐like soft magnetic microrobots with high‐speed propulsion is still challenging due to the need of more reasonable structure design and facile fabrication. Herein, a novel strategy is proposed for large‐scale preparation of microalgae‐based soft microrobots with a fully magnetic head‐to‐tail structure, called AlgaeSperm with robust propulsion and chemo‐photothermal performance. This approach deposited Pd@Au nanoparticles (NPs) inside chlorella cells, which are further coated with Fe3O4 NPs and polydopamine layers to form the magnetic heads. Then, flexible flagella are grafted via magnetic assembly of Fe3O4@PVP NPs to construct the final AlgaeSperm. Under precessing magnetic fields, the AlgaeSperms can achieve a forward velocity up to 2.3 body length/s, the highest among sperm‐like magnetic microrobots to the best of the knowledge. Besides, their flexible maneuverability in a swarm is also verified. In vitro anti‐cancer experiments are conducted after loading doxorubicin (DOX) to confirm their excellent targeted chemo‐photothermal performance. This work offers a significant paradigm for constructing sperm‐like soft magnetic microrobots with great potential for targeted tumor treatment.
Lattice Strain‐Modulated Trifunctional CoMoO4 Polymorph‐Based Electrodes for Asymmetric Supercapacitors and Self‐Powered Water Splitting
Authors: Mushtaq Muhammad , Zhu Zhixiao , Yang Hao , Khanam Zeba , Hu Yu‐wen , Mathi Selvam , Wang Zhongmin , Balogun M.‐Sadeeq , Huang Yongchao 
Published: January 2025

AbstractDeveloping efficient, multifunctional electrodes for energy storage and conversion devices is crucial. Herein, lattice strains are reported in the β‐phase polymorph of CoMoO4 within CoMoO4@Co3O4 heterostructure via phosphorus doping (P‐CoMoO4@Co3O4) and used as a high‐performance trifunctional electrode for supercapacitors (SCs), hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in alkaline electrolytes. A tensile strain of +2.42% on the β‐phase of CoMoO4 in P‐CoMoO4@Co3O4 results in superior electrochemical performance compared to CoMoO4@Co3O4. The optimized P‐CoMoO4@Co3O4 achieves a high energy density of 118 Wh kg−1 in an asymmetric supercapacitor and low overpotentials of 189 mV for the HER and 365 mV for the OER at a current density of 500 mA cm−2. This results in a low overall water splitting voltage of 1.71 V at the same current density making it an effective bifunctional electrode in a 1 m KOH freshwater electrolyte. Theoretical analysis shows that the excellent performance of P‐CoMoO4@Co3O4 can be attributed to interfacial interactions between CoMoO4 and Co3O4, and the β‐phase of CoMoO4, which lead to strong OH− adsorption and low energy barriers for reaction intermediates. Practical application is demonstrated by using P‐CoMoO4@Co3O4‐based ASCs to self‐generate hydrogen (H2) in a P‐CoMoO4@Co3O4||P‐CoMoO4@Co3O4 alkaline seawater electrolyzer, showcasing its potential for future energy technologies.
Humanizing Work Through Pre‐Professional Education
Authors: Bylsma Paul E. , Bevolden Andrea 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn this chapter, we reconcile vocationalist and humanist education by embracing pre‐professional programs’ humanizing potential. Inspired by Freire and hooks’ critical praxes, we define “humanization” as facilitating mutual relationships and respect between people. We draw from our experiences as educators and clinical supervisors in pre‐professional programs to build on Wendell Berry's notion of “work” as a humanizing endeavor. We offer concrete examples from our respective teaching practices in student affairs leadership and recreational therapy to reveal how our pedagogies invigorate professional competencies by emphasizing humanizing principles. We conclude by summarizing lessons learned as humanizing educators and offer suggestions for practice.
Transforming Feather Meal Into a High‐Performance Feed for Broilers
Authors: Salehizadeh Mandana , Tajabadi Ebrahimi Maryam , Mousavi Seyed Naser , Sepahi Abbas Akhavan , Orooji Reza 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe poultry industry faces challenges with the high cost and environmental impact of Soybean meal. Feather meal, a byproduct with low digestibility due to its keratin content, is a potential alternative. Recent biotechnological advances, including enzymatic and bacterial hydrolysis, have enhanced its digestibility and nutritional value.ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate and compare the efficacy of three different feather meal processing methods as partial replacements for soybean meal in broiler diets. The methods assessed included hydrolyzed feather meal treated with Streptomyces bacteria, commercial enzyme‐treated feather meal, and boiled feather meal. Their effects on performance and nutrient digestibility were evaluated in Ross 308 male broiler chickens.MaterialsThe study involved 525 Ross 308 male broiler chickens were allocated to seven dietary treatments, which included a control diet and varying combinations of feather meal and soybean meal. Streptomyces sp. MSM5 was shown to effectively produce keratinase, enhancing the amino acid content of the feather meal.ResultsBirds fed diets containing 33% and 67% boiled feather meal exhibited significantly reduced body weight gain (BWG) and increased feed conversion ratio (FCR) compared to the control group (p < 0.05). In contrast, birds fed diets with 33% hydrolyzed feather meal, treated with either enzymes or bacteria, showed similar BWG and FCR to those on the control diet. However, diets with 67% hydrolyzed feather meal led to significant reductions in performance (p < 0.05).Additionally, diets containing 33% and 67% boiled feather meal, as well as 67% hydrolyzed feather meal, resulted in significantly lower carcass percentage, breast muscle percentage, thigh muscle percentage, overall dry matter digestibility, and protein digestibility (p < 0.05).ConclusionThe results indicate that substituting as much as 33% of soybean meal with processed feather meal, particularly when treated with enzymes or bacteria, does not negatively impact broiler performance. Furthermore, the results underscore the potential of biotechnological treatments, such as bacterial keratin hydrolysis, to enhance the nutritional value of feather meal, transforming it into a high‐quality, sustainable protein source for the poultry industry.
Ultrasound-guided needle positioning confirmation with injection of saline solution for nodal dynamic contrast-enhanced MR-lymphangiography in pediatric patients
Authors: Wagenpfeil Julia , Hoß Katharina , Henkel Andreas , Geiger Sergej , Luetkens Julian Alexander , Kuetting Daniel , Pieper Claus Christian 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose
To assess the success rate of confirmation of ultrasound-guided intranodal needle positioning by saline injection for dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance lymphangiography (DCMRL) in pediatric patients.

Material and methods
Data from children undergoing nodal DCMRL after ultrasound-guided needle positioning into inguinal lymph nodes and validation of the needle position by injection of plain saline solution between 05/2020 and 12/2022 were reviewed. On injection of saline solution, adequate needle position was confirmed by lymph node distension without leakage. Detection rates and lymph node diameters were recorded. Technical success of needle placement was defined as enhancement of ipsilateral iliac draining lymph vessels on DCMRL, while clinical success was based on enhancement of central lymphatics and/or lymphatic pathologies being observed.

Results
One hundred sixteen DCMRL were performed in 90 children (58 male, mean age 6.1 years, range 3 weeks–18 years). In 232/232 groins lymph nodes were identified on ultrasound with a mean diameter of 2.5 mm (smallest diameter 1 mm in n = 24 patients). Due to skin inflammation, no puncture was performed in 2/232 groins. Saline injection showed lymph node distension in 230/230 punctured nodes. On MR contrast injection enhancement of draining lymph vessels was seen in 228/230 nodes. In 1/230 nodes, in-bore needle retraction led to lymphatic enhancement, so a total of 229/230 needle placements were technically successful. One of the 230 DCMRLs was successful with only a unilateral contrast application. Overall, 116/116 DCMRLs were clinically successful.

Conclusion
Confirmation of ultrasound-guided needle positioning for nodal DCMRL using saline injection is a reliable technique with a very high success rate in pediatric patients with small lymph nodes.

Key Points

Question

Evaluation of ultrasound-guided injection needle positioning for dynamic contrast-enhanced MR-lymphangiography in children requires validation.

Findings

Confirmation of needle positioning by ultrasound-guided saline injection is a reliable technique with a very high success rate for MR-lymphangiography in pediatric patients.

Clinical relevance

Intranodal needle position for dynamic contrast-enhanced lymphangiography can be confirmed with a very high success rate using saline injection alone in a pediatric cohort.
GameScript: a simplified scripting language for video game development
Authors: Marín-Lora Carlos , Chover Miguel 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The process of video game development is complex, requiring proficiency in various technologies for design and implementation, including mastery of game engines and associated programming languages. Defining the behaviors of game elements within the necessary subprocesses poses a significant challenge. This challenge arises partly due to the utilization of general-purpose programming languages, which offer a wide range of options and allow tasks to be approached from different angles. This study introduces GameScript, a simplified scripting language designed for video game development. Based on principles of structured programming and inspired by the While language, GameScript focuses on essential game behavior definitions using a limited set of statements, including IF-THEN-ELSE selection and operations related to game elements to create and destroy them, or to modify properties. By using only numeric variables and simple arithmetic and relational operators, GameScript simplifies data handling and allows for the creation of various arcade games with straightforward syntax. Integrated into a multi-agent system game engine, GameScript has been validated through the successful implementation of diverse arcade game mechanics, demonstrating its effectiveness.
Performance analysis of capsule networks for detecting GPS spoofing attacks on unmanned aerial vehicles
Authors: Talaei Khoei Tala , Al Shamaileh Khair , Devabhaktuni Vijaya Kumar , Kaabouch Naima 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are prone to several cyber-attacks, including global positioning system (GPS) spoofing. The use of machine learning and deep learning are becoming increasingly common for UAV GPS spoofing attack detection; however, these approaches have some limitations, such as a high rate of false alarm and misdetection. We propose using capsule networks to detect and classify UAV-focused GPS spoofing attacks. This paper compares simple capsule networks, efficient capsule networks, dual attention capsule networks, and convolutional neural network in terms of accuracy, probability of detection, probability of misdetection, probability of false alarm, prediction time, training time per sample, and memory size. The results indicate that the Efficient-capsule network outperforms the other models, as demonstrated by an accuracy of 99.1%, a probability of detection of 99.9%, a probability of misdetection of 0.1%, a probability of false alarm of 0.37%, a prediction time of 0.5 seconds, a training time per sample of 0.2 seconds, and a memory size of 123 mebibytes for binary classification.
Off-label-Use von anfallssuppressiver und immunsuppressiver Medikation bei Epilepsien
Authors: Strzelczyk Adam , von Stuckrad-Barre Sebastian , Kurlemann Gerhard , Bast Thomas , Melzer Nico , Rosenow Felix , Schubert-Bast Susanne 
Published: January 2025

Zusammenfassung
Zur Behandlung der Epilepsien stehen zahlreiche anfallssuppressive Medikamente (ASM) zur Verfügung, die auf Basis klinischer Studien für bestimmte Indikationen und Altersgruppen zugelassen sind. Allerdings erfordert die Vielzahl verschiedener Epilepsietypen und Syndrome häufig einen Off-label-Einsatz von ASM, wenn die Patienten unter der aktuellen Therapie nicht anfallsfrei werden oder diese nicht vertragen. Ähnliches gilt für die Verwendung von verschiedenen immunsuppressiven Medikamenten zur Therapie von Anfällen und Epilepsien, die infolge autoimmuner Enzephalitiden auftreten, mit dem Unterschied, dass hier bisher keinerlei zugelassene Substanzen existieren. Der Off-label-Use beschreibt die Anwendung eines Medikaments außerhalb der zugelassenen Indikationen, Dosierungen oder Altersgruppen. Insbesondere in der Epilepsietherapie tritt dies häufig auf, etwa bei Kindern unter dem Zulassungsalter, bei generalisierten Epilepsien oder bei entwicklungsbedingten und epileptischen Enzephalopathien. Obwohl der Off-label-Use zusätzliche Behandlungsoptionen bietet, führt es zu einigen Herausforderungen in der klinischen Praxis. Es fehlen oft klinische Daten zur Sicherheit und Wirksamkeit, was zu Unsicherheiten in Bezug auf Dosierung und Nebenwirkungen führen kann. Eine sorgfältige Aufklärung der Patienten oder ihrer Angehörigen über Nutzen und Risiken ist daher essenziell, ebenso wie eine umfassende Dokumentation der Entscheidungsfindung. Da der Off-label-Use nicht regelhaft von den Kostenträgern übernommen wird, ist – insbesondere bei kostenintensiven neueren Substanzen unter Patentschutz – eine vorherige Klärung der Kostenübernahme sinnvoll, um wirtschaftliche Risiken zu vermeiden.
Dispersion relations of relativistic radiation hydrodynamics
Authors: Gavassino Lorenzo 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We compute the linearised dispersion relations of shear waves, heat waves, and sound waves in relativistic “matter+radiation” fluids with grey absorption opacities. This is done by solving radiation hydrodynamics perturbatively in the ratio “radiation stress-energy”/“matter stress-energy”. The resulting expressions

$\omega \, {=} \, \omega (k)$

ω

=

ω
(
k
)

accurately describe the hydrodynamic evolution for any

$k\, {\in }\, \mathbb{R}$

k

∈

R

. General features of the dynamics (e.g., covariant stability, propagation speeds, and damping of discontinuities) are argued directly from the analytic form of these dispersion relations.
Exploring the impact of blended learning instruction on preservice teachers' self-efficacy beliefs in organizing educational field trips to out-of-school learning environment
Authors: Karaduman Betül 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The integration of the flipped classroom model, self-efficacy theory, and the value of out-of-school learning environments forms the foundation for this study. By employing the flipped classroom model, preservice teachers can develop their instructional skills and build self-efficacy in organizing educational field trips. The active, student-centered learning experiences facilitated by the flipped classroom model can enhance preservice teachers' self-efficacy beliefs, preparing them to effectively utilize out-of-school learning environments in their future teaching careers. This study aims to explore the impact of the flipped classroom model on preservice teachers’ self-efficacy beliefs, specifically in the context of organizing and conducting educational field trips. By understanding the theoretical underpinnings and practical implications, the study seeks to contribute to the development of effective teacher education practices that promote innovative and confident teaching professionals. The study’s participants were 57 preservice teachers in the science teacher education program. It was undertaken employing a sequential, explanatory mixed-methods study. The preservice teachers in the experimental group were educated using the flipped classroom model, while the control group was instructed through the conventional classroom model. The “Self-Efficacy Belief Scale for Organizing Educational Field Trips to Out-of-School Environments” and a semi-structured interview form were used to gather data. Results indicate that the flipped classroom implemented in the course has positive effect on the self-efficacy beliefs of preservice teachers towards organizing trips to out of school learning environments. Furthermore, it was concluded that the use of this model was encouraging for pre-service teachers to use it in their teaching professions.
Who (Really) Wins with Basic Income: Personality and Values as Predictors of Happiness Trajectories
Authors: Malinka Julia , Mitte Kristin , Ziegler Matthias 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Universal Basic Income (UBI) might cause different effects in happiness depending on a person’s individual characteristics. In an online panel study of 573 basic income recipients in Germany, we examined whether personality traits (NEOAC) and certain personal values (self-direction, stimulation, hedonism, power, achievement, universalism, benevolence) predicted trajectories in happiness. Latent Growth Curve Analysis revealed that overall, most individuals experienced similar changes in happiness over time. For personality traits as predictors, higher neuroticism and openness to new experience were linked to growth in well-being. Additionally for personal values, significant growth in life satisfaction appeared to be associated with lower hedonism at the beginning of the study, and growth in well-being was related to higher levels of self-direction. In fact, none of the subgroups suffered in happiness. We conclude with implications and some important directions for further research regarding the effect of basic income on happiness.