bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Morocco's Coal to Clean Journey: Optimised Pathways for Decarbonisation and Energy Security
Authors: Harland Natasha , Jansen Malte , Yeganyan Rudolf , Tan Naomi , Cannone Carla , Howells Mark 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Morocco depends on imported fossil fuels for 90% of its primary energy supply. This makes the country vulnerable to unstable fuel prices and supply cut-offs, and the reliance on fossil fuels releases CO2 emissions which contribute to climate change. Renewable energy expansion, facilitated by Morocco’s high potential for solar and wind capacity, could allow the country to improve its energy security and decarbonise its energy system, in line with its response to the Paris Agreement.

This study uses OSeMOSYS (the Open Source Energy Modelling System) to produce six cost-minimised decarbonisation scenarios for Morocco that consider energy independence. The results show that Morocco can achieve most of its decarbonisation targets through bulk wind and solar energy, with a coal phase-out being possible by 2031 at the latest. Natural gas is replaced by biomass and nuclear energy, with some evidence that fuel imports may stay relevant for the foreseeable future.

We conclude with policy recommendations. The study can provide insights for policymakers and stakeholders in Morocco's energy sector to achieve optimal pathways for decarbonisation.
A Multi-feature Fusion Approach Based on Domain Adaptive Pretraining for Aspect-based Sentiment Analysis
Authors: Ma Yinglong , He Ming , Pang Yunhe , Wang Libiao , Liu Huili 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Aspect-based sentiment classification (ASC) is a popular task that aims to identify the corresponding emotion of a specific aspect for aspect-based sentiment analysis. Dependency parsing is currently considered as an efficient tool for recognizing the opinion words in the sentiment text. However, many dependency-based methods might be susceptible to the dependency tree and inevitably introduce noisy information and neglect the rich relation information between words. In this paper, we propose a multi-feature fusion approach based on domain adaptive pretraining for ASC and reducing dependency noisy information. We use the Multi-task Learning (MTL) technique for domain adaptive pretraining, which combines Biaffine Attention Model (BAM) and Mask Language Model (MLM) by jointly considering the structure, relations of edges, and linguistic features in the sentiment text. The pretrained dependency graph will be input into a double graph fusion-based message passing neural network (MPNN) that is initialized with the optimal parameters of the pretrained BAM for MPNN training, which fully considers these different features that are affected with each other for ASC. Extensive experiments were made on four benchmark datasets for comparing our approach with the state-of-the-art ASC approaches, and the results show that our model is very competitive in the ASC task compared with the state-of-the-art alternatives.
Knowledge and practice attitudes regarding the relationship between diabetes and periodontitis: A survey among Swiss endocrinologists and general physicians
Authors: Chatzaki Natalia , Zekeridou Alkisti , Paroz Elsa , Gastaldi Giacomo , Giannopoulou Catherine 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
The objective of the present survey is to assess the knowledge about the relationship between oral health and diabetes and to identify the practice behaviors of Swiss endocrinologists and general practitioners regarding oral health in diabetic patients.
Methods
A thirty- item questionnaire was mailed to 428 internists and 99 endocrinologists working in the French speaking part of Switzerland. Participants were asked about their awareness of the relationship between diabetes and periodontal disease, their practice behaviors as well as their willingness for an interdisciplinary education and collaboration with oral health professionals. The questions were answered according to a three-point or five-point Likert scale.
Results
The response rate was 23%. All participants were aware of the inflammatory and infectious nature of periodontal disease. They all agreed that good periodontal health is important for overall health. However, most of the practitioners received no information during their education curricula on the link between systemic and oral health or concerning periodontal problems in diabetic patients; thus, only a minority of health practitioners addresses oral health care to their patients. Both endocrinologists and general health physicians agreed that an oral health screening could be included in their practice.
Conclusions
An interdisciplinary education and collaboration among medical and dental health providers should be established to effectively prevent, manage, and control both diabetes and periodontal disease in diabetic patients.
The Quality in Acute Stroke Care (QASC) global scale-up using a cascading facilitation framework: A qualitative process evaluation
Authors: Elizabeth McInnes , Simeon Dale , Katie Bagot , Kelly Coughlan , Jeremy Grimshaw , Waltraud Pfeilschifter , Cadilhac Dominique A , Fisher Thomas , Merwe Jan van der , Middleton Sandy 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Variation in stroke care among hospitals is problematic. The Quality in Acute Stroke (QASC) Australia trial demonstrated reductions in death and disability through supported implementation of nurse-led, evidence-based protocols to manage fever, hyperglycaemia (sugar) and swallowing (FeSS Protocols) following stroke. We conducted a pre-test/post-test study to evaluate the effect of supported implementation on FeSS Protocol uptake into acute stroke wards in 64 hospitals in 17 European countries. Implementation across countries was underpinned by a cascading facilitation framework of multi-stakeholder’s support involving academic partners and a not-for-profit health care initiative. The aim of this a priori qualitative process evaluation was to identify factors that influenced the implementation of the international up-scale of the FeSS Protocols using a cascading facilitation framework.
Methods
The sampling frame for interviews was: 1) Executives/Steering Committee members from academic and industry partners (from the Angels Initiative, a not-for-profit arm of industry) some of whom comprised the senior project team, 2) Angel Team leaders (managers of Angel Consultants), 3) Angel Consultants (responsible for assisting facilitation of FeSS Protocols into multiple hospitals) and 4) Country Co-ordinators (senior stroke nurses with country and hospital-level responsibilities for facilitating the introduction of the FeSS Protocols). A semi-structured interview elicited participant views on factors influencing engagement, preparation for FeSS Protocol upscale and implementation. Interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed inductively within NVivo.
Results
Individual (n=13) and three group interviews (3 participants in each group) were undertaken. Three main themes were identified with sub-themes: readiness for change; roles and relationships and managing multiple changes. These themes illustrate the factors that enabled multi-country FeSS Protocol scale-up through a cascading facilitation model based on a collaboration between evidence producers (academics), knowledge brokers (not-for-profit arm of industry), and evidence adopters (stroke clinicians).
Conclusion
A cascading facilitation model involving academic, clinical and industry partners overcame multiple challenges involved in international evidence translation. Capacity to manage, negotiate and adapt to multi-level changes, a shared goal of optimal stroke care and strategic engagement of different stakeholders supported adoption of nurse-initiated stroke protocols within Europe. This model has promise for other large-scale evidence translation programs.
New Insight in Massive Cerebral Infarction Predictions after Anterior Circulation Occlusion
Authors: Chen Jingshu , Zou Mingyu , Zhang Nan , Qi Shouliang , Yang Benqiang , Zhang Libo , Shi Lin , Duan Yang 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
To predict massive cerebral infarction (MCI) occurrence after anterior circulation occlusion (ACO) by cASPECTS-CTA-CS (combined ASPECTS and CTA-CS). Of 112 cerebral infarction patients with the ACO, their collateral circulation scores from CT angiography (CTA) images in two groups (MCI and non-MCI) were evaluated using Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS) and CT angiography collateral score (CTA-CS) approaches. Receiver-operating characteristic curve (ROC), clinical impact curve (CIC), and decision curve analysis (DCA) strategies were used to assess the clinical practicality and predictability of both approaches (cASPECTS-CTA-CS and CTA-CS). Using net reclassification improvement (NRI) and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) analyses, discrimination levels of the cASPECTS-CTA-CS were compared with CTA-CS. Classification and regression tree (CART) analyses was conducted to identify the best predictive values and identify subgroup of MCI. The discrimination ability of collateral circulation evaluation score using the cASPECTS-CTA-CS [AUC: 0.939, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.888–0.990, P < 0.01; NRI: 0.429, 95% CI: 0.069–0.789, P < 0 .01; and IDI: 0.118, 95% CI: 0.035–0.202, P < 0 .01] was better than CTA-CS alone (AUC: 0.910, 95% CI: 0.854–0.965, P < 0 .01). DCA indicated the net benefits of the cASPECTS-CTA-CS approach was higher than CTA-CS alone when the threshold probability range over 20%. CIC analyses showed that the number of high risks and true positives were in agreement when the threshold probability > 30%. Less than 25 of cASPECTS-CTA-CS by CART was important factor in determining MCI occurrence, and ASPECTS < 7 was followed factor. The cASPECTS-CTA-CS approach cumulatively predicted MCI after ACO.
Implementation of Circular Blockchain-Based Approach for Food Crops Supply Chain with Bitcoin Prediction using Deep Learning
Authors: DS Dayana , G Kalpana , T Vigneswaran 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Blockchain technology serves as a framework for addressing the challenge of tracking and marketing materials in distributed networks. Agricultural traceability systems in food production provide farmers with food safety and smart contracts. Smart contracts establish cryptocurrency evidence of delivery with automated bitcoin payments to all parties. In this paper, we propose circular blockchain-based traceability and bitcoin prediction in agricultural food crop system to accomplish transparency and traceability. Bitcoin prediction using LSTM benefits farmers and stakeholders to buy and sell their food crops when the profit is high. Moreover, the proposed system provides safety, consensus, shared ledger, speedy payment, and decentralization. All activities are processed in a distributed shared ledger with connections to a decentralized file system, which makes the supply chain visible and traceable. All the activities that are tied up in the supply chain are transparent to consumers and stakeholders. Traceability of the agricultural product is done efficiently with QR code, which results in a trustable relationship between the farmer and the consumer. Finally, our research shows that the accuracy of LSTM outperforms by 88.67% compared to traditional machine learning algorithms such as SVM and Naive Bayes with accuracy of 62.025% and 75.32% in forecasting the bitcoin price.
Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw without osteolysis on computed tomography: A retrospective and observational study
Authors: Sakamoto Yuki , Sawada Shunsuke , Kojima Yuka 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a refractory osteonecrosis caused by antiresorptive agents such as bisphosphonate and denosumab (DMB). In MRONJ surgery, computed tomography (CT) is generally used to determine the extent of bone resection. However, in some recent MRONJ cases, no abnormal findings were detected on CT. Therefore, we aimed to clarify the characteristics of MRONJ without osteolysis. This retrospective and observational study included 18 patients diagnosed with MRONJ between October 2020 and October 2022 at our hospital. In four of 18 patients with MRONJ, no abnormal findings such as osteolysis, separation of sequestrum, and periosteal reaction were observed on CT images at the first visit. All four patients with non-osteolytic MRONJ had malignant tumors and received high-dose DMB. Three patients had no osteolysis, and osteosclerosis on initial CT. However, a periosteal reaction appeared on CT several months later, although no osteolysis was observed. Periosteal reaction is often accompanied by osteolysis. Acute symptoms and periosteal reactions without bone resorption are very rare. Surgery was performed in three of the four patients. The extent of bone resection was determined using magnetic resonance imaging and intraoperative gross findings. However, MRI may overestimate inflammation or may be unclear as to true osteonecrosis, the T1/T2/T2STIR bone marrow signal is useful for surgical resection. CT may not reveal osteolysis in patients treated with high-dose DMB. In the future, it is necessary to establish a method for diagnosing MRONJ and determining the extent of bone resection.
A qualitative study describing provider perspectives on the influence of external support on the quality of HIV and TB services at public health clinics in Ekurhuleni, South Africa
Authors: Munedzimwe Fadzai , Milazzo Katherine , Charalambous Salome , Grund Jonathan M , Chaane Thandi , Chetty-Makkan Candice M 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: To combat the HIV epidemic in South Africa, stronger health systems are needed to maintain progress towards reaching the UNAIDS 95-95-95 goals. South Africa’s National Department of Health (NDoH) has supported various health systems strengthening (HSS) strategies that include the Ideal Clinic programme. This study sought to describe the perceptions of health workers on how support from a PEPFAR-funded implementing partner (IP) contributed to HSS activities in Ekurhuleni District’s Ideal Clinics. We explored the perceptions of health workers on how external support from an IP influenced the quality of HIV/TB services at primary health clinics (PHCs).
Methods: We conducted a qualitative study at five clinics in the Ekurhuleni district, Gauteng Province, South Africa. Purposive sampling was used to include clinics in different sub-districts with varying status within the “Ideal Clinic” programme, which is a NDoH initiative to strengthen health systems by improving quality of care. From October to December 2019, 30 in-depth interviews were conducted with health workers using semi-structured interview guides. Health workers, employed for more than 3 months and involved in providing TB and HIV services, were invited to participate. Interview data were analysed using thematic content analysis.
Results: Most staff perceived the overall quality of HIV/TB services as high. Clinic staff felt that the IP’s provision of material and human resources was useful and contributed to improving the quality of health service delivery. Staff perceived training and the presence of guidelines on service provision as beneficial and that it should be increased. Communication with the IP facilitated the provision of quality HIV/TB services, but increased open communication was recommended especially with regards to changes made to service provision and handover of patients.
Conclusion: Staff perceived that external support received from the IP improved the quality of HIV/TB services provided. Health systems are strengthened by such improvements in the quantity and quality of services offered. External partners provide valuable technical support to health facilities. Ensuring that there is adequate attention paid to communication and relationship-building with clinic staff may help to improve collaboration and overall quality of care.
Mycorrhizal fungi improve the yield and balance of grass–legume mixtures by increasing nutrient access and reducing competition
Authors: ZHOU JIQIONG , Gong Jinchao , Liu Shan , Cobb Adam B. , Yang Gaowen , Li Xiangjun , Sun Feida , Pen Yan , Yan Yanhong , Liu Lin , Zhang Xinquan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Aims
Plant species mixtures with different functional traits or microbial associations can more fully utilize soil nutrient pools. However, there is a gap in our understanding of the synergistic influences of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi in nutrient capture and resource partitioning across different soil depths in mixed plant communities, as well as their possible effects on plant coexistence. To address these knowledge gaps, we assessed the effect of AM fungi on nutrient uptake and competition between shallow- and deep-rooted pairs of grass and legume species.
Methods
To quantify the mycorrhizal mediation of N uptake at different rooting depths, 15N tracer was injected into soil at 3- and 25-cm depths of monoculture or bi-species mixtures, with or without AM fungi.
Results
AM symbioses reduced plant competition by equalizing access to N and subsequently increasing shoot N and P concentrations of co-cultivated plant species. Niche differentiation, based on rooting depth, had minimal effects on grass and legume competitive interactions. Both deep-rooted plant species, i.e., Medicago sativa and Dactylis glomerata, and shallow-rooted species, i.e., Lolium perenne and Trifolium repens, primarily acquired nutrients from shallow soil layers. However, AM fungi significantly increased the rooting depth of both shallow- and deep-rooted plant species, enhancing nutrient uptake and N2 fixation from depths of both 3 and 25 cm.
Conclusion
Our results suggest a strong influence of AM fungi on host-plant competitiveness and vertical nutrient capture in mixed plant communities, underscoring that microbial mutualist-mediated nutrient acquisition is a key driver of gains in productivity of grass–legume mixtures.
Some new synthesized gemini cationic surfactants as corrosion inhibitors for carbon steel in hydrochloric acid solution
Authors: Maksoud Samir Abd El , F.I.El-Dossoki Farid , Abdelhamed Mona , Farag Ahmed 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The effect of newly synthesized gemini surfactants on the corrosion of carbon steel in 1 M HCl was investigated. The outcomes show that the inhibition effectiveness of the compounds is affected by the increasing concentration and the capability to produce micelles in an aqueous solution. Weight loss, potentiodynamic polarization, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques were used in the investigation. The obtained results show that these surfactants behave as good corrosion inhibitors. With increasing surfactant concentrations, the inhibition efficiency of the investigated compounds increases. The results show that the inhibition efficiency for the best inhibitor has 97.9% at 100 ppm. Changes in impedance parameters (charge transfer resistance, Rct, and double-layer capacitance, Cdl) were indicative of surfactant adsorption on the metal surface, resulting in the formation of a protective film, according to EIS results. The measurements of potentiodynamic polarisation revealed that the inhibitors are mixed type. Physical and chemical adsorption are demonstrated by these gemini surfactants. and is governed by the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The morphology of the C-steel surface and the protective film on the surface were studied using SEM, AFM, and XPS characterization. The results of the various procedures agreed very well.
Application of single-port procedure and ERAS management in the laparoscopic myomectomy
Authors: Wang Jing , Xu Xiaomin , Xu Jingui 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Objective: Advances in surgical techniques and perioperative management are the two major contributing factors to improved surgical outcomes. The purpose of the current study was to compare the efficacy of single-port surgery and perioperative enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) management in laparoscopic myomectomy.
Methods: The present study included 120 patients undergoing laparoscopic myomectomy in the Gynecological Ward of Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University. According to the traditional perioperative management mode and ERAS management, multi-port and single-port procedures, all patients were assigned to the Conventional-SPLS (Single-Port Laparoscopic Surgery with conventional perioperative care) group (n=34), Conventional-Multi (multi-port laparoscopic surgery with conventional perioperative care) group (n=47), and ERAS (multi-port laparoscopic surgery with ERAS perioperative care) group (n=39). The three groups were compared about surgical outcomes such as operation time, intraoperative blood loss, variations in postoperative hemoglobin, postoperative walking time, postoperative flatus expelling time, postoperative hospital stay, and visual analog scale (VAS) scores at 6 and 12 hours following surgery.
Results: In terms of postoperative walking time and flatus expelling time, the ERAS group recovered the quickest. The ERAS group also recovered the shortest postoperative hospital stay(3.85±1.14 days), which differed significantly from that in the Conventional-Multi group, but not significantly from that in the Conventional-SPLS group. In terms of VAS scores at 6 and 12 hours after surgery, the ERAS group had the lowest pain intensity, which differed significantly from that of the other two groups. The impact of surgical procedures or perioperative management on hospital stay was evaluated using multiple regression analysis. The results demonstrated that ERAS was an important independent contributor to reducing postoperative hospital stay (β=0.270, p=0.002), while single-port surgery did not affect on this index (β=0.107, p=0.278).
Conclusion: In laparoscopic myomectomy, perioperative ERAS management could control postoperative pain and shorten hospital stay. Single-port surgery could speed up the recovery of gastrointestinal function and postoperative walking time, but it did not affect postoperative pain management or the length of hospital stay. Thus, the most effective approach to improving postoperative outcomes in laparoscopic myomectomy was the application of perioperative ERAS management.
Complexity-calibrated Benchmarks for Machine Learning Reveal When Next-Generation Reservoir Computer Predictions Succeed and Mislead
Authors: Marzen Sarah E. , Riechers Paul M. , Crutchfield James P. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Recurrent neural networks are used to forecast time series in finance, climate, language, and from many other domains. Reservoir computers are a particularly easily trainable form of recurrent neural network. Recently, a “next-generation” reservoir computer was introduced in which the memory trace involves only a finite number of previous symbols. We explore the inherent limitations of finite-past memory traces in this intriguing proposal. A lower bound from Fano’s inequality shows that, on highly non-Markovian processes generated by large probabilistic state machines, next-generation reservoir computers with reasonably long memory traces have an error probability that is at least ∼ 60% higher than the minimal attainable error probability in predicting the next observation. More generally, it appears that popular recurrent neural networks fall far short of optimally predicting such complex processes. These results highlight the need for a new generation of optimized recurrent neural network architectures. Alongside this finding, we present concentration-of-measure results for randomly-generated but complex processes. One conclusion is that large probabilistic state machines—specifically, large ϵ-machines—are key to generating challenging and structurally-unbiased stimuli for ground-truthing recurrent neural network architectures.
PACS numbers: 02.50.-r 05.45.Tp 02.50.Ey 02.50.Ga