bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Halogenated Bis(donor)‐aza‐BODIPY System for Inducing NIR Excitation: Effect of Thiophene and Aminophenyl Donors on Optical Properties and in vitro Tests for Breast Cancer
Authors: Rodriguez‐Mayor A.Verónica , Rodríguez Mario , Ramos‐Ortiz Gabriel , Bañuelos‐Hernández Angel Ernesto , Pérez‐Hernández Nury , Santillan Rosa 
Published: January 2025

AbstractA series of near‐IR absorbing BF2‐chelated aza‐boron‐dipyrromethene (AZBs) derivatives bearing aniline/thiophene electron donors were designed, synthesized, and characterized to study the effect of substitution on the photophysical properties. These molecules exhibit internal charge transfer (ICT) with a characteristic spectrum of dual absorption bands which allows electronic excitation in the wide spectral region of 500–820 nm. The ICT character was stablished by its inhibition upon protonation of the amino groups with trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) in CHCl3, observed as a visible colorimetric change from red to blue accompanied by an hypsofluoric shift of the emission band. Protonation of AZB‐4 in DMSO‐d6 upon the addition of TFA was monitored by 1H, 11B, and 19F NMR. Thiophene Aza‐BODIPY p‐(amino) phenyl derivatives also generated singlet oxygen (1O2) under the irradiation of laser light (532 and 800 nm). The 1O2 generation of these dyes was enhanced upon subsequent bromination of the molecule which favors intersystem crossing between singlet and triplet states. The aza‐BODIPY derivatives developed in this work have potential applicability as photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy, with sensibility in the window of biomedical interest (700 – 900 nm) and excellent photo and chemical stability even at high energy irradiation. Additionally, their dark and photoinduced cytotoxic activity was tested on a breast cancer cell line (MDA‐MB‐231 cells).
Unveiling the Interfacial Properties of Organic Single‐Crystal Hole‐Transporting Layers for High‐Performance Light‐Emitting Devices
Authors: Ye Gao‐Da , Li Su‐Heng , Ding Ran , Guo Runda , Zhang Hu , Liu Ze‐Qing , Yang Fangxu , Sun Lingjie , Li Yansong , Du Xiaobo , Wang Xi‐Bin , Wang Lei , Liu Yue‐Feng , Fang Hong‐Hua , Liu Yu , Xu Bin , Feng Jing 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTOrganic single crystals with long‐range molecular periodic ordering ensure superior charge‐transport properties and low defect density, which have been considered promising candidates for charge‐transporting materials in organic light‐emitting devices (OLEDs). The functional interfaces of OLEDs play a critical role in charge‐transporting and light‐emitting behaviors, while the interfacial properties of organic single crystals in OLEDs and their impact on device performance have been rarely investigated. Herein, two typical organic single crystals, 1,4‐bis(4‐Methylstyryl)benzene (BSB‐Me) and 2,6‐diphenylanthracene (DPA) with different molecular formulas and packing structures, are introduced as the single‐crystal hole‐transporting layers (HTLs) for a systematic investigation of the interfacial properties between single‐crystal HTLs and active emissive layers. BSB‐Me single‐crystal HTLs offer satisfied surface wettability and enhanced interfacial interaction, which dominate the charge‐transporting and light‐emitting behaviors of the OLEDs. Such improved interfacial properties are responsible for the superior light out‐coupling efficiency of BSB‐Me single‐crystal OLEDs with efficient exciton recombination and minimal Joule heat loss. In consequence, BSB‐Me single‐crystal OLEDs exhibit a maximum luminance of 50,170 cd/m2 and a peak EQE of 8.78%, which are better than DPA‐based devices. Furthermore, BSB‐Me single‐crystal HTLs with favorable interfacial properties enable large‐area OLEDs with uniform EL emission over the whole light‐emitting area of 1 mm × 1 mm.
Accessing the Past: A Sediment Core Revealing Anthropogenic Impacts of Technology-Critical Elements on the Marine Environment
Authors: Wippermann Dominik , Klein Ole , Wolschke Hendrik , Zimmermann Tristan , Ebeling Anna , Pröfrock Daniel 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
One group of elements attracting more and more attention are so-called technology-critical elements (TCEs). In comparison with legacy pollutants, the anthropogenic impact of TCEs on the environment might still be minor, but various applications introduce them to the most remote places in the world including the marine environment. One area prone to pollution is the Baltic Sea, partly due to the lack of water exchange with the North Sea. In this study, a sediment core from the German Baltic Sea was used to analyze a total of 42 elemental mass fractions. Based on radiometric dating of 210Pb and 137Cs, results were classified in a recent (2020–2000) and a past period (< 1920), calculating background concentrations based on the Median + 2 Median Absolute Deviation (M2MAD) and the Tukey Inner Fence (TIF). Six legacy pollutants (Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Pb) and six TCEs (Ga, Ge, Nb, La, Gd, Ta) are discussed in detail. Anthropogenic impacts of both groups were assessed, and local enrichment factors were calculated showing an increase for the legacy pollutants (past period (≤ 0.8); recent period (≥ 1.2)), but also a minor increase for Ga, Ge and Nb (past period (0.9); recent period (1.1)). Values ≥ 1.5, indicating anthropogenic impact, were found for Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb, but also for Ge. Proposed background values may be considered as baseline for future studies.

Graphical Abstract
A taxonomy of literature reviews and experimental study of deepreinforcement learning in portfolio management
Authors: Rezaei Mohadese , Nezamabadi-Pour Hossein 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Portfolio management involves choosing and actively overseeing various investment assets to meet an investor’s long-term financial goals, considering their risk tolerance and desired return potential. Traditional methods, like mean–variance analysis, often lack the flexibility needed to navigate the complexities of today’s financial markets. Recently, Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) has emerged as a promising approach, enabling continuous adjustments to investment strategies based on market feedback without explicit price predictions. This paper presents a comprehensive literature review of DRL applications in portfolio management, aimed at finance researchers, data scientists, AI experts, FinTech engineers, and students seeking advanced portfolio optimization methodologies. We also conducted an experimental study to evaluate five DRL algorithms—Advantage Actor-Critic (A2C), Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (DDPG), Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO), Soft Actor-Critic (SAC), and Twin Delayed DDPG (TD3)—in managing a portfolio of 30 Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA) stocks. Their performance is compared with the DJIA index and traditional strategies, demonstrating DRL’s potential to improve portfolio outcomes while effectively managing risk.
Microemulsion synthesis of SnO2 nanoparticles and their integration in Au/n-Si/Al device structure
Authors: Orhan Zeynep , Daş Elif , Bozkurt Gamze 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study reports the synthesis of tin (IV) oxide (SnO2) nanoparticles (NPs) using the micro-emulsion method and its performance on n-type Si semiconductors under various operating conditions. The physical characteristics of SnO2 were examined using XRD, SEM, TEM, and UV–Vis analysis. XRD analysis revealed that SnO2 has a crystalline structure with an average crystallite size of 14.4 nm. The optical band gap energy of SnO2 was determined as 3.4 eV using UV–Vis analysis. Additionally, the current–voltage (I–V) characteristics of the Au/SnO2/n-Si/Al and Au/n-Si/Al devices were measured in darkness to explore the influence of SnO2 nanomaterial on their electrical parameters. From the I–V measurements, the rectification ratio, saturation current, ideality factor, and barrier height values for the SnO2/n-Si device were determined to be 4.35 × 104 (at ± 2 V), 1.96 × 10–9 A, 1.57, and 0.81 eV, respectively. For electro-optical characteristics of the SnO2/n-Si device, the I–V measurements were conducted under both visible light and UV light (365 nm) conditions. The SnO2/n-Si device, featuring a self-powered property, exhibited superior ON/OFF ratio, responsivity, and detectivity under UV light compared to white light illumination. Therefore, we can assert that the SnO2/n-Si device holds significant promise for sensitive light detection applications, particularly in UV-sensitive optoelectronic devices.
Resurrecting failed environment-recruitment relationships: Revisiting cod recruitment in light of the poor-recruitment paradigm
Authors: Gross Julie M. , Hoenig John M. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Numerous environmental drivers (e.g., temperature, salinity) have been proposed as controls to recruitment. However, these relationships often become discredited over time as further data become available. It remains unclear if these environment-recruitment relationships are spurious results of examining many variables or if environmental drivers’ influences on recruitment change over time as other variables exert control, e.g., with shifting climate. We propose that it is of value to re-examine discredited environment-recruitment relationships using the poor-recruitment paradigm (Gross et al. 2022, Fish. Res. 252, 106329). This approach examines whether extreme environmental conditions are associated with poor recruitment, the idea being that non-extreme conditions are uninformative in terms of predicting recruitment. This allows one to detect patterns of poor recruitment regardless of an environment-recruitment relationship’s perceived (lack of) significance. We apply the poor-recruitment paradigm approach to various stocks of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) in the North Atlantic for both historical environment-recruitment data from a meta-analysis (Myers 1998, Rev. Fish Biol. Fisher. 8, 285) and for recent environment-recruitment data from the 2023 stock assessments for stocks in the Gulf of Maine and Georges Bank in the northwest Atlantic Ocean. From re-examining nine historical data sets, we find poor recruitment can be predicted from previously discredited or uninformative environmental variables involving temperature, salinity and zooplankton abundance. For recent cod data, we examine three stocks each with six environmental variables measured during two seasons (spring and autumn). We find that temperature continues to have predictive value for poor recruitment, but zooplankton abundance is less informative and does not always follow the poor-recruitment paradigm. These findings suggest that (1) these predictors continue to be important over time for cod recruitment and (2) that for the recent regime, temperature may be a better predictor of poor recruitment than zooplankton abundance.
Identifying and describing generic, specific, and catalytic enablers of mathematical modelling
Authors: Geiger Vince , Galbraith Peter , Niss Mogens , Schmid Mirjam 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In this article, we report on an Australian study in which generic, specific, and catalytic enablers of mathematical modelling are identified and described. The study adopted a design-based research approach involving six secondary teachers, and their intact classes, over three years. Data was generated from 60 pre/post-teacher and student (Years 9–11) interviews, which was subject to reductive thematic analysis, consistent with the principles of inductive category formation. This analysis led to the development of a Typology for Instructional Enablers of Mathematical Modelling which identifies and describes both enablers and un-enablers of modelling activity. These are related to external/internal/personal learning goals, classroom expectations and ways of working, management of the learning process, and instructional anticipation. Enablers/un-enablers are further categorised into generic, specific, and catalytic dimensions. Implications for both practice and future research are discussed, including the nature of catalytic enablers and the connections between enablers and specific aspects of the modelling process.
Boric acid impedes glioblastoma growth in a rat model: insights from multi-approach analysis
Authors: Turkez Hasan , Alper Fatih , Bayram Cemil , Baba Cem , Yıldız Edanur , Saracoglu Melik , Kucuk Muhammed , Gozegir Berrah , Kiliclioglu Metin , Yeşilyurt Mustafa , Tozlu Ozlem Ozdemir , Bolat Ismail , Yildirim Serkan , Barutcigil Muhammed Furkan , Isik Fatih , Kiki Özlem , Aydın Fahri , Arslan Mehmet Enes , Cadircı Kenan , Karaman Adem , Tatar Abdulgani , Hacımüftüoğlu Ahmet 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Limited advancements in managing malignant brain tumors have resulted in poor prognoses for glioblastoma (GBM) patients. Standard treatment involves surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, which lack specificity and damage healthy brain tissue. Boron-containing compounds, such as boric acid (BA), exhibit diverse biological effects, including anticancer properties. This study aimed to examine whether boron supplementation, as BA, can inhibit glioblastoma growth in a xenograft animal model. Using MRI-based tumor size measurement, survival rates, hematological, clinical biochemistry analyses, and genotoxicity parameters, we assessed the impact of BA. Histopathological, immunohistochemical, and immunofluorescence examinations were also conducted. All BA doses (3.25, 6.5, and 13 mg kg−1 b.w.) extended survival compared to GBM controls after 14 days, with a dose-dependent anti-GBM effect observed in MRI analyses. BA treatment improved hematological (WBC and PLT counts) and biochemical parameters (LDL-C, CREA, and ALP). Histopathological examination revealed a significant reduction in tumor diameter with 6.5 and 13 mg kg−1 BA. Immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence staining showed modulation of intracytoplasmic Ki67, cytoplasmic CMPK2, and GFAP expressions in tumor cells post-BA treatment. Additionally, BA did not increase micronuclei formations, indicating its non-genotoxic nature. In conclusion, targeting tumor suppressor networks with boron demonstrates significant therapeutic potential for GBM treatment.
Matrix Stiffness-Mediated DNA Methylation in Endothelial Cells
Authors: Taufalele Paul V. , Kirkham Hannah K. , Reinhart-King Cynthia A. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose
Altered tissue mechanics is a prominent feature of many pathological conditions including cancer. As such, much work has been dedicated to understanding how mechanical features of tissues contribute to pathogenesis. Interestingly, previous work has demonstrated that the tumor vasculature acquires pathological features in part due to enhanced tumor stiffening. To further understand how matrix mechanics may be translated into altered cell behavior and ultimately affect tumor vasculature function, we have investigated the effects of substrate stiffening on endothelial epigenetics. Specifically, we have focused on DNA methylation as recent work indicates DNA methylation in endothelial cells can contribute to aberrant behavior in a range of pathological conditions.

Methods
Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were seeded on stiff and compliant collagen-coated polyacrylamide gels and allowed to form monolayers over 5 days. DNA methylation was assessed via 5-methylcytosine ELISA assays and immunofluorescent staining. Gene expression was assessed via qPCR on RNA isolated from HUVECs seeded on collagen-coated polyacrylamide gels of varying stiffness.

Results
Our work demonstrates that endothelial cells cultured on stiffer substrates exhibit lower levels of global DNA methylation relative to endothelial cells cultured on more compliant substrates. Interestingly, gene expression and DNA methylation dynamics suggest stiffness-mediated gene expression may play a role in establishing or maintaining differential DNA methylation levels in addition to enzyme activity. Additionally, we found that the process of passaging induced higher levels of global DNA methylation.

Conclusions
Altogether, our results underscore the importance of considering cell culture substrate mechanics to preserve the epigenetic integrity of primary cells and obtain analyses that recapitulate the primary environment. Furthermore, these results serve as an important launching point for further work studying the intersection tissue mechanics and epigenetics under pathological conditions.
Diet and landscape use at Faraoskop from C, N and Sr isotopes in multiple skeletal tissues
Authors: Gray Kerryn , le Roux Petrus , Sealy Judith 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The isotopic composition of body tissues can provide information about diet and patterns of movement or migration during life. Here, we report δ13C, δ15N and 87Sr/86Sr analyses for a small sample of fauna and for the 12 humans buried at Faraoskop, and make inferences about how these people ranged across the landscape as they hunted and foraged. δ13C and δ15N values for collagen from cortical and cancellous bone and (for two individuals) desiccated muscle tissue are similar, reflecting consumption of isotopically similar, mostly terrestrial foods throughout life. Not all individuals had teeth preserved but for five we were able to measure 87Sr/86Sr in tooth enamel in an earlier- and a later-forming tooth. Where possible, teeth were analysed near the occlusal surface, half-way up the height of the crown and near the dentine/enamel junction, to assess variation during the period of crown formation. Only one of the five (UCT 394) showed significant intra-individual variation in 87Sr/86Sr, between 0.6 and 3.5 years of age. Two individuals yielded enamel 87Sr/86Sr like the geologically recent sediments of the coastal plain to the west of Faraoskop, while three individuals had values intermediate between the coastal plain and the more ancient shales and sandstones of the Table Mountain Group to the east. As young children, people buried at Faraoskop ranged over different areas of the local landscape, probably as part of different social groups.
The Neural Signature of Inner Peace: Morphometric Differences Between High and Low Accepters
Authors: Grecucci Alessandro , Ghomroudi Parisa Ahmadi , Monachesi Bianca , Messina Irene 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objectives
Acceptance is an adaptive emotion regulation strategy characterized by an open and non-judgmental attitude toward mental and sensory experiences. While a few studies have investigated the neural correlates of acceptance in task-based fMRI studies, a gap remains in the scientific literature regarding dispositional use of acceptance, and how this is reflected at a structural level. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the neural and psychological differences between infrequent acceptance users (i.e., low accepters) and frequent users (i.e., high accepters). Another question was whether high and low accepters differ in personality traits and emotional intelligence.

Method
For the first time, we applied a data fusion unsupervised machine learning approach (mCCA-jICA) to the gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) of high accepters (n = 50), and low accepters (n = 78) to possibly detect joint GM-WM differences in both modalities.

Results
Our results show that two covarying GM-WM networks separate high from low accepters. The first network showed decreased GM-WM concentration in a fronto-temporal-parietal circuit largely overlapping with the default mode network in high accepters compared to low accepters. The second network showed increased GM-WM concentration in portions of the orbito-frontal, temporal, and parietal areas, which may correspond to a central executive network, also in high accepters compared to low accepters. At the psychological level, the high accepters displayed higher openness to experience compared to low accepters.

Conclusions
Overall, our findings suggest that high accepters compared to low accepters differ in neural and psychological mechanisms. These findings confirm and extend previous studies on the relevance of acceptance as a strategy associated with well-being.
Eating behavior patterns, metabolic parameters and circulating oxytocin levels in patients with obesity: an exploratory study
Authors: Elena Colonnello , Flavia Libotte , Davide Masi , Mariaignazia Curreli , Chandra Massetti , Orietta Gandini , Elena Gangitano , Mikiko Watanabe , Stefania Mariani , Lucio Gnessi , Carla Lubrano 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose
Obesity is a complex heterogeneous disease often associated with dysfunctional eating behavior patterns. Oxytocin (OT) is a neurohormone involved in the regulation of energy metabolism and eating behavior. The aim of the present study was to evaluate in a population of patients with obesity circulating levels of OT and dysfunctional eating behaviors in relation to anthropometric, hormonal and metabolic parameters.

Methods
A prospective, observational, single-center study was conducted at the Center of High Specialization for the Care of Obesity of Sapienza University of Rome. Adult subjects with body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m2 were recruited. Body impedance assessment (BIA), biochemical and hormonal parameters, plasma OT concentration analysis and the Eating Behaviors Assessment for Obesity (EBA-O) questionnaire were evaluated.

Results
A total of 21 patients, 16 females and 5 males, with a mean age of 45.7 ± 15.1 years, mean BMI of 40.89 ± 8.02 kg/m2 and plasma OT concentration of 1365.61 ± 438.03 pg/mL were recruited. The dysfunctional eating behavior traits investigated by the EBA-O appear significantly associated with metabolic derangements. In particular, night eating is associated with alterations in lipid metabolism (p < 0.01). Circulating OT correlates positively with BMI (r = 0,43; p < 0.05), and Hepatic Steatosis Index (HIS) (r = 0.46; p < 0.05), while its role in subjects with obesity and alterations in glucose metabolism is less clear. Interestingly, circulating OT levels < 1312.55 pg/mL may be predictive of food addiction (100% sensitivity; 62.5% specificity).

Conclusions
Despite the need for larger studies to confirm their validity, the clinical utility of the EBA-O and circulating OT in identifying dysfunctional eating behaviors appears promising.
Framework for Identifying Bridge Damping Considering Support Effect Using Instrumented Three-Mass Vehicle
Authors: Yang Judy P. , Wu Cheng-Yun , He Yi , Zhang Yuan-Jun 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose
An effective framework based on an instrumented three-mass test vehicle is proposed for identifying the damping ratio of a bridge by considering support effect.

Methods
In this vehicle-bridge interaction system, several sensors are installed on the test vehicle and the corresponding virtual scanning points on the bridge are used to identify the bridge damping ratio. The closed-form damping formula is derived by using the free-decay responses of any two scanning points for a simply supported bridge. Unlike the single-mode closed-form solutions, the scanning-point responses in the finite element analysis need to be filtered out, while this study further makes use of the dynamic responses provided by the two unsprung mass to enhance the accuracy.

Results
The support effect is systematically investigated and discussed via a simple beam and a two-span continuous bridge.

Conclusion
The liability of the proposed framework is proven through the parametric study with various practical factors in concern.
Epidemiology of Parkinson’s Disease Among Chinese Canadians in the Greater Toronto Area: A 15-Year Retrospective Study
Authors: Kwan Alfred W. , Chu Joseph Y. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT
We present a 15-year retrospective study comparing the epidemiology of Parkinson’s disease (PD) between Chinese and non-Chinese populations in the Greater Toronto Area. A cohort of 88 patients with PD revealed that Chinese patients (N = 36) had a significantly lower mean age at diagnosis (67.3 ± 12.6 years) compared to non-Chinese patients (72.1 ± 9.2 years) (p = 0.039). Higher obesity rates were found in non-Chinese patients (p = 0.0004). Chinese patients experienced more motor fluctuations (p = 0.028) and amantadine use (p = 0.041). These findings underscore the importance of future research on ethnic variations in PD.