bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sepsis in the nonhospital setting
Authors: Araújo Giovanna Colantuono , Pardini Andrea , Lima Camila 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Introduction

Sepsis is a disease with high mortality and morbidity. Despite advances in diagnosis and therapeutic packages, many gaps remain. This study aimed to evaluate the profile and outcomes of out-of-hospital sepsis.

Methods

This was a retrospective study, multicenter study including five basic health Unit. The study period was from January 2018 to December 2021.Patients diagnosed with sepsis or septic shock according to the Sepsis 3.0 criterion.

Results

A total 2630 patients were included with a diagnosis of sepsis 68.4% (1800) or septic shock 31.6% (830) in the emergency care units. The comorbidities that were independent predictors of septic shock were chronic kidney disease on dialysis (CKD-d), bone marrow transplantation and neoplasia; CKD and neoplasia were also independent predictors of mortality, with ORs of 2.00 (CI 1.10–3.68) p = 0.023 and 1.74 (CI 1.319–2.298) p = < 0.0001, respectively. Mortality according to the focus of primary infection was as follows: pulmonary 40.1%; COVID-19 35.7%; abdominal 8.1% and urinary 6.2%. Mortality due to the COVID-19 outbreak had an OR of 4.94 (CI 3.08–8.13) p ≤ 0.0001.

Conclusions

The following are risk factors associated with mortality in nonhospitalized sepsis: comorbidities (d-CKD and neoplasia) and the primary focus of COVID-19 infection.
Extended Procedure Has No Oncological Benefits over Segmental Resection in the Treatment of Non-metastatic Splenic Flexure Colon Cancer, a Population-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Wang Xiaojie , Zheng Zhifang , Chen Zhiping , Xie Zhongdong , Lu Xingrong , Huang Shenghui , Huang Ying , Chi Pan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
AIM:
To compare the oncological survival outcome between extended resections and segmental resection for non-metastatic splenic flexure tumors.
METHODS:
A total of 10063 splenic flexure colon cancers patients who underwent extended resection (n=5546) or segmental resection (n=4517) from 2010 to 2018 were included from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)-registered database. Survival rates were compared between groups. To reduce the inherent bias of retrospective studies, propensity score matching (PSM) analysis was performed.
RESULTS:
Patients from the extended resection group had higher pT stage, pN stage, larger tumor size, and higher rates of elevated CEA level, perineural invasion, and tumor deposits than those from the segmental resection group (each P<0.05). The 5-year CSS rate was slightly lower in extended resection patients than that in segmental resection patients (79.2% vs. 81.6%, P =0.002), while the 5-year OS were comparable between groups (66.2% vs. 66.9%, P =0.513). After the PSM performed, both the 5-year CSS and 5-year OS rates in extended resection group and segmental resection group were comparable (5-year CSS: 84.9% vs. 83.0%, P =0.577; 5-year OS: 70.6% vs. 66.0%, P =0.415). These findings were similar in the subgroup analysis that included only patients with stage III disease or with tumor size ≥ 7 cm. In addition, although the number of harvested lymph nodes was larger in the extended resection group compared to the segmental resection group (12.7 vs. 14.4, P<0.001), the numbers of invaded lymph nodes remained similar between groups (0.5 vs. 0.5, P=0.90).
CONCLUSION:
Extended procedures have no significant oncological benefits over segmental resection in the treatment of non-metastatic splenic flexure colon cancer, even for locally advanced cases. The larger number of harvested lymph nodes in the extended resection group did not confer any advantage relative to segmental resection with regard to CSS, since it was not associated with an increase in the number of invaded lymph nodes harvested.
Initial experience with 3D laparoscopic choledochal cyst (CDC) excision and hepatico-duodenostomy (HD) in 21 children
Authors: Parelkar Sandesh , Makhija Deepa , Sanghvi Beejal , Gupta Rahul , Mudkhedkar Kedar , Shah Rujuta , Kumar Abhijit , Rangnekar Aditi , Shah Nehal 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Introduction: Minimal access surgery has gradually become the standard of care in the management of choledochal cysts (CDC). Laparoscopic management of CDC is a technically challenging procedure that requires advanced intracorporeal suturing skills, and hence, has a steep learning curve. Robotic surgery has advantages of 3D vision, articulating hand instruments making suturing easy and thus is ideal. However, the non-availability, high costs and necessity for large size ports are the major limiting factors for robotic procedures in Paediatric population. Use of 3D laparoscopy incorporates the advantage of 3D vision and at the same time allows the use of small sized conventional laparoscopic instruments. With this background, we discuss our initial experience with the use of 3D laparoscopy using conventional hand instruments in CDC management. Aim: To study our initial experience in management of CDC in paediatric patients with 3D laparoscopy in terms of feasibility and peri-operative details.
Materials & Method: All patients under 12 years of age treated for choledochal cyst in a period of initial 2 years were retrospectively analysed. Demographic parameters, clinical presentation, intra-operative time, blood loss, post-operative events and follow-up were studied.
Results: The total number of patients were 21. The mean age was 5.3 years with female preponderance. Abdominal pain was the most common presenting symptom. All patients could be completed laparoscopically. No patient needed conversion to open procedure or re-exploration. The average blood loss was 26.67 ml. None of the patients required blood transfusion. One patient developed minor leak postoperatively and was managed conservatively.
Conclusion: 3D laparoscopic management of CDC in paediatric age group is safe and feasible. It offers the advantages of depth perception aiding intracorporeal suturing, with use of small sized instruments. It is thus a ‘bridging the gap’ asset between conventional laparoscopy and robotic surgery.
Level of Evidence-Treatment Study level IV
Faecal prevalence and histopathological evaluation of coccidiosis in bovine calves
Authors: Jaiswal Vikas , sandhu Bhupinder singh , brar Apminderpal singh , Singla Lachhman Das 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Bovine coccidiois, caused by Eimeria spp. is widely prevalent around the globe and responsible for huge economic losses by causing morbidity and mortality among young calves.The present study was designed to evaluate the prevalence as well as to evaluate histopathological alteration associated with it. The faecal samples were collected from 700 bovine calves uptotwo month of age from August 2019 to July 2021 and screened for Eimeria oocycts. The intestinal tissue samples of 37 calves were also collected which died during the study period after showing symptoms of diarrhea and examined for histological lesions.The faecal prevalence of Eimeria observed in our study was 2.29% (16/700) while in tissue samples only two out of 37 were foundpositive for Eimeria infection. Tissue sections reveled various stages of Eimeria gametogony, variable congestion, haemorrhage, and necrosis along with cryptic dilatation and mononuclear cell infiltration.Coccidia was not found to be associated with season, age and sex of calf. Bovine coccidiosiswas found to be endemic with low prevalence but severe onset characterized by moderate to severe congestion and inflammatory reaction mainly in the ileum and caecum.
Genetic Prediction of Antiglycemic Drug Targets and Risk of Epilepsy: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Zhou Kaiping , Wu Shilun , Yang Huan , Xie Zhihao , Wang Weiping , Qu Zhenzhen 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDiabetes has been linked to an increased risk of epilepsy in observational studies. The antiglycemic drugs have been shown in animal studies to improve seizures. However, whether the associations between antiglycemic drugs and epilepsy in human is not known. In this study, we conducted a Mendelian randomization investigation to assess the potential causal role of antiglycemic drug targets in epilepsy.We used the International League Against Epilepsy Data as the discovery set and FinnGen Data as the replication set .Three antidiabetic drug target genes, including ETFDH, CYP21A2, and CYP2D6 were discovered to be involved in epilepsy. ETFDH predicted as a target gene in the discovery set (IVW, OR = 1.018, 95% CI, 1.004–1.033, p = 0.009), replication set (IVW, OR = 1.074, 95% CI, 1.034–1.114, p = 0.00016) and CYP21A2 gene in the discovery set (IVW, OR = 1.029, 95% CI, 1.005– 1.053, p = 0.016) and replication set (IVW, OR = 1.057, 95% CI, 1.001–1.116, p = 0.045) showed a causal association with an increased risk of epilepsy. In contrast, the CYP2D6 gene was found to be a protective factor for epilepsy in both the discovery set (IVW, OR = 0.0984, 95% CI, 0.969–0.998, p = 0.025) and the replication set (IVW, OR = 0.977, 95% CI, 0.955–1.000, p = 0.046). By searching the pharmacological effects of anti-glucose drug target gene related drugs and binding drugs in DrguBank, Metformin was found to be ETFDH gene inhibitor, showing a potential therapeutic effect on epilepsy.
Levothyroxine may not adequately prepare hypothyroid women for controlled ovarian hyperstimulation
Authors: Bradbury Rachel , Byth Karen , Smith Howard 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Purpose:
Compare differences in serum and follicular fluid thyroid hormone levels in euthyroid versus levothyroxine-replaced women undergoing controlled ovarian hyperstimulation.
Methods:
Prospective cohort study involving 46 euthyroid (anti-TPO antibody negative) and 16 levothyroxine-replaced women with baseline TSH < 2.5 mIU/L attending a university-based reproductive medical centre. TSH, free T3 and T4 measurements (serum and follicular fluid) were measured at various time points across controlled ovarian stimulation and numbers of mature oocytes retrieved, fertilisation and pregnancy rates were compared between groups.
Results:
Median TSH levels were similar at baseline, 1.76 vs 1.24 mIU/L (p=0.053), but free T3 levels were lower (4.5 vs 4.8 pmol/L, p=0.029) in levothyroxine-replaced compared with euthyroid (anti-TPO antibody) women. Serum TSH levels in levothyroxine-replaced women increased across controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (p=0.006) and remained significantly higher than baseline (p=0.030) at pregnancy testing. Follicular fluid free T3 levels were lower in levothyroxine-replaced (median 4.3 vs 4.6 pmol/L, p=0.032) and fertilisation rates fewer (52% vs 71%, p=0.043). Numbers of mature oocytes retrieved, early pregnancy loss and live birth rates did not differ.
Conclusion:
Levothyroxine women, with baseline TSH levels < 2.5 mIU/L, have lower serum and follicular fluid free T3 levels and poorer fertilisation rates than euthyroid women undergoing a cycle of controlled ovarian stimulation.
Encephalartos villosus relies on atmospheric nitrogen than soil derived nitrogen to maintain growth in nutrient-deficient and acidic soils
Authors: Motsomane Nqobile , Suinyuy Terence Nkwanwir , Magadlela Anathi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundEncephalartos villosusis a forest understory dwarf cycad growing in nutrient-deficient and acidic soils due to their association with plant growth promoting bacteria. This study investigated the effects of soil characteristics (pH, nutrition, total cation, and exchange acidity) on cycad-microbe symbiosis and the nitrogen (N) source preference ofE. villosusgrowing in Rhebu and Oceanview, Eastern Cape, South Africa. Methods Coralloid roots and leaf material from targetedE. villosusindividuals in both locations were analysed for N isotope, total plant N, and total plant phosphorus (P). Results Plant growth promoting bacteria were associated withE. villosusgrowing in Rhebu and Oceanview. The culturable bacteria strains isolated from the coralloid roots ofE. villosusgrowing in Rhebu and Oceanview with N-fixing traits wereLysinibacillus fusiformis, Rhizobium huautlense, Stenotrophomonas sp., Enterobacter cloacae, andPaenibacillus polymyxa.Encephalartos villosusgrowing in Rhebu and Oceanview effectively fixed more than 70% of its total N from the atmosphere. Less than 25% of the total N utilized byE. villosuswas derived from the soil. There were no significant variations in the leaf number, length, total N, and P inE. villosusgrowing in Rhebu and Oceanview. Conclusions The findings of this study revealed thatE. villosusmaintains growth and plant nutrition in nutrient-deficient and acidic soils by establishing symbiotic associations with plant growth-promoting bacteria and relying mostly in atmospheric N.
Residual Drift Control Strategies: extension and application to MDOF Systems
Authors: Montuori Rosario , NASTRI ELIDE , Tagliafierro Bonaventura 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The paper proposes a new methodology for the control of residual displacements in multi-storey steel structure frames. The work starts from the validation and extension of a mechanical model based on single degree of freedom systems, already proposed in previous work, following with analyses performed on a set of natural accelerograms. The same model is applied to multi-degree of freedom (MDOF) systems through an anlaytical design procedure. The procedure is used to dimension study cases composed of concentrically braced frames that are analysed through nonlinear dynamic analyses with earthquake records excerpted from the previous dataset. The results confirm the effectiveness and suitability of the proposed procedure for MDOF systems. ……
An Auto-ML Framework for social media domain feature construction to detect Sarcasm
Authors: imtiaz Sharjeel , Birmicombe Allan J , Li Yang 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Recently, Automated Machine Learning (AutoML) has shown considerable growth and industry application in the domain of Machine Learning. AutoML main purpose is to improve the learning task by saving time and effort for tasks like preprocessing, feature engineering, model selection, hyperparameters, and model architecture. Generally, AutoML lacks the ability to produce the generalized features for specific or general tasks like sentiment and sarcasm classification, therefore, to overcome the shortcoming of general feature. We proposed generalized feature extraction algorithms Implicit Incongruity (IIA) and Explicit Incongruity (EIA), the main aim is to observe the newly extracted incongruity feature and integrated into AutoML DeepConcat model at search pipeline. Additionally, proposed model will be evaluate using the preprocessing plan with various levels, where each level represents a single preprocessing task like cleaning, the model performance varies with from level to level. BiLSTM is the best model, which is the outcome of the framework, it was selected among five deep learning models during search pipeline. The AutoML DeepConcat framework automates the model selection by concatenating these features at hidden layers of the models. Further, the performance was optimized by evaluating the models with hyperparameters like dropout and learning rate. The proposed framework all-features method outperformed other features methods like pragmatic and incongruity.
Machine Learning Models Based on Hippocampal T2-Weighted-Fluid-Attenuated Inversion Recovery Radiomics for Diagnosis of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Authors: Zheng Shilei , Zhao Xuekai , Wang Han , Sun Yu , Sun Jufeng , Zhang Fan , Zhang Xianglin , Zang Li-e , Zhang Lili 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Radiomics is characterized by high-throughput extraction of texture features from medical images for deep mining and analysis to establish meaningful associations between image texture data and specific diseases. Radiomics has demonstrated significant advantages and potential in the diagnosis and evaluation of numerous neurological and psychiatric diseases. However, few studies on its use in the diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have been reported. This study investigated the feasibility of machine learning models based on hippocampal T2-weighted-fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (T2-FLAIR) radiomics for the diagnosis of PTSD.
Methods
We performed a retrospective analysis of the demographic, clinical, and magnetic resonance imaging data of 94 patients with a history of road traffic accident. Regions of interest were manually selected at the bilateral hippocampus on the slices showing the largest respective sizes of the hippocampus. Additionally, the 524 texture features on T2-FLAIR images were extracted. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression was used to screen for the optimal texture features. Thereafter, logistic regression (LR), support vector machine (SVM), and random forest (RF) machine learning models were constructed using the R language for PTSD diagnosis. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to evaluate the diagnostic performance of each machine learning model.
Results
No statistically significant differences in demographic and clinical characteristics were observed between PTSD and non-PTSD cases after road traffic accident (P > 0.05). However, statistically significant differences in the simplified coping style questionnaire positive/-negative coping scores and PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version scores existed between PTSD and non-PTSD cases at 3 months after road traffic accident (P < 0.01). The performance of three machine learning models in distinguishing PTSD cases from non-PTSD cases was good. In the training and test groups, the area under curves (AUCs) of the LR were 0.829 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.717–0.911) and 0.779 (95% CI: 0.584–0.913), with sensitivities and specificities of 74.19% and 77.13%, 76.92% and 80.00%, respectively. The AUCs of the SVM were 0.899 (95% CI: 0.801–0.960) and 0.810 (95% CI: 0.618–0.933), with sensitivities and specificities of 96.77% and 74.29%, 61.54% and 86.67%, respectively. The AUCs of the RF were 0.865 (95% CI: 0.758–0.936) and 0.728 (95% CI: 0.537–0.878), with sensitivities and specificities of 87.10% and 77.14%, 92.31% and 53.33%, respectively.
Conclusions
Machine learning models based on hippocampal T2-FLAIR radiomics have good diagnostic performance for PTSD and can be used as novel neuroimaging biomarkers for the clinical diagnosis of PTSD.
A Simple Agarose Gel Staining Method to Reduce Contamination in the Laboratory and Environment
Authors: CHENG Xiao-Wen , Mueller James , Ramon Paul , Hitchler Ashley 
Published: January 2023

AbstractElectrophoresis is a standard technique in separating DNA. DNA must be stained before it can be imaged for documentation. In this report, we developed an intuitive method to stain DNA in the laboratory and potentially in industry due to its simplicity. In this improved staining method, a researcher simply elevates the tray by inserting a used cell culture flask underneath the tray so that the staining solution will flow to one end and leave the other end of the tray with minimum staining liquid. Therefore, to prevent gel sliding, we improved this staining method by placing a sticker in the middle of the tray to stop the gel fromsliding down into the staining solution. This method will allow inexperienced students and also experienced scientists to use a spatula to scoop up the gel with ease and then transfer it to the destaining tray before imaging and documentation.
Characteristics of nonunion after arthroscopic ankle arthrodesis: A multi-center retrospective cohort study
Authors: Takahashi Katsunori , Teramoto Atsushi , Yamaguchi Satoshi , Amaha Kentaro , Saiga Kenta , Noguchi Koji , Watanabe Kota 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Nonunion is a major complication of arthroscopic ankle arthrodesis. However, the characteristics and risk factors of nonunion are not well understood. This retrospective multi-center observational study aimed to clarify the characteristics of nonunion after arthroscopic ankle arthrodesis.
Methods
We included 154 patients who underwent arthroscopic ankle arthrodesis at one of five institutions. Patients were divided into two groups: union and nonunion, and the groups were compared. Age, sex, body mass index, diabetes, smoking, corticosteroid use, diagnosis, treatment information, treatment protocol, radiographic evaluation, and patient-reported outcomes were recorded and analyzed.
Results
On radiographs, bony union was observed in 142 ankles (91.0%) but not in 12 ankles (9.0%). Postoperative radiographic tibial bony gap (mm) was significantly larger in the nonunion group (medial = 1.98, center = 1.65, anterior = 2.21, middle = 1.72, posterior = 3.01) (mm) compared to the union group (medial = 1.35, center = 1.13, anterior = 1.28, middle = 1.03, posterior = 2.03) (mm). Furthermore, the visual analog score (VAS) of pain and pain-related self-administered foot evaluation questionnaire (SAFE-Q) subscale score significantly worsened in the nonunion group (VAS = 3.83, SAFE-Q subscale score = 69.8) than in the union group (VAS = 1.35, SAFE-Q subscale score = 76.6).
Conclusion
A larger radiographic tibiotalar bony gap was observed in the nonunion group. Other measurement outcomes were not associated with nonunion. Additionally, patient-reported outcomes markedly worsened in the nonunion group.
Application of eDNA metabarcoding for assessment of the eukaryotic diversity of three hypersaline lakes in the Trans-Himalayan region of Ladakh
Authors: Dolma Phuntsog , Chauhan Archana 
Published: January 2023

AbstractOligotrophic, high-mountain saline lakes possess a diverse eukaryotic taxon and are among the most productive ecosystems in the world.However, observational limitations of micro eukaryotes owing to their small size, color and squishy anatomy have hindered their estimation. The present work involves the study of the composition and diversity of lower eukaryotes in the three most prominent and famous hypersaline lakes situated in the Trans -Himalayan region of Ladakh in the Tibetan plateau. Illumina sequencing of V4 region of 18S rRNA gene revealed the presence of approximately. 270 eukaryotic Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) in the samples. The top ten Phyla included Ciliophora, Cercozoa, Bacillariophyta, Arthropoda, Gastrotricha, Platyhelminthes, Nematoda, Apicomplexa, Rotifera and Tubulinea. Various species ofNitzschiathat are cold-tolerant, psychrophilic and alkaliphilic were detected in the samples. ICPMS analysis of the water samples showed high concentrations of Na, Mg, K and Ca in all the lakes. This study is the first attempt involving the use of non-invasive eDNA based analysis of eukaryotic diversity in hypersaline lakes of the Ladakh region. The outcome of this study will augment the present literature/ database of eukaryotic biodiversity in the lakes under study, thereby creating a reference database for future studies.
Online Ad-Sales Analysis and Understanding Customer Behavior Towards Online Ads
Authors: Mishra Anyaa , Mategaonkar Meenal 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In the 21st century, the world is completely dependent on technology. Technology is used in every domain. One such domain is the marketing and sales domain. After the Covid pandemic, the reliance on internet for convenience has increased substantially. This is where E-commerce companies and their online advertisements come into picture. The U.S. online advertising had increased from $8.1 billion in 2000 to $21.2 billion in 2007 and from 3.2 percent of all advertising to 8.8 percent over that time period. Considering how important online ads have become for revenue increment in different companies, it has become a domain that requires analysis. This study aims to analyse the online ad sales revenue generated by Meta and Google using the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) method. It will also analyse how different groups of customers respond to online ads and draw a significant inference based on this.