bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Average creatinine–urea clearance: revival of an old analytical technique?
Authors: Selistre Luciano , de Souza Vandréa , Nicola Carla , Juillard Laurent , Lemoine Sandrine , Derain-Dubourg Laurence 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT

Background
Creatinine-based equations such as the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) are recommended for estimating glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in clinical practice, but have reduced performance in advanced stages of chronic kidney disease. However, only rarely studies have evaluated the performance of eGFR by measuring the average of the urinary clearances of creatinine and urea (mClUN-cr) compared with the eGFR equations.

Methods
This cross-sectional study evaluated the usefulness of mClUN-cr in a population of 855 participants who performed a GFR measurement by urinary inulin clearance. The performance of mClUN-cr was compared with those of CKD-EPI 2009 and CKD-EPI 2021, considering three criteria: bias, precision and accuracy.

Results
In the whole sample, the mClUN-cr performed similarly to CKD-EPI equations (2009 and 2021) [precision: 11.5 (95% CI 10.5; 12.5) vs 19.0 (95% CI 17.2; 20.1) and 19.1 (95% CI 17.4; 20.4), and accuracy P30: 97.0 (95% CI 95.8; 98.0) vs 82.0 (95% CI 79.2; 84.4) and 77.2 (95% CI 74.5; 80.0)]. The CKD-EPI equations (2009 and 2021) had the best performance when mGFR was &gt;60 mL/min/1.73 m2. In contrast, the mClUN-cr performed better than others with lowest mGFR values, more noticeable when mGFR was &lt;60 mL/min/1.73 m2.

Conclusions
The study described the best performance of mClUN-cr at GFR levels below 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 and a satisfactory result in the overall cohort. The findings point to a role of this tool, especially for estimating GFR in chronic kidney disease patients in developing countries, when reference measurement of GFR is not available.
Influenza vaccination is associated with lower risk of renal cell carcinoma among chronic kidney disease patients: a population-based cohort study
Authors: Lin Chia-Wei , Zheng Jing-Quan , Tzou Kai-Yi , Fang Yu-Ann , Kao Wei-Tang , Lin Hsin-Ting , Liu Ju-Chi , Huang Yu-Han , Lin Yuh-Feng , Lu Kuo-Cheng , Dong Shao-Wei , Zheng Cai-Mei , Wu Chia-Chang 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT

Background
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients possess a higher risk for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) possibly because of related underlying inflammation and immune dysregulation. In the current population-based cohort study, we evaluate the effects of influenza vaccination on RCC among CKD patients.

Methods
We analysed the vaccinated and unvaccinated CKD patients (≥55 years of age) identified from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Database. Propensity score matching was used to reduce the selection bias. Subgroup analyses based on comorbid conditions, dialysis status and vaccinated dosages were also conducted.

Results
The incidence of RCC decreased significantly in the vaccinated compared with unvaccinated group {unadjusted hazard ratio [HR] 0.50 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.31–0.81], P &lt; .01; adjusted HR 0.46 [95% CI 0.28–0.75], P &lt; .01}. Such protective effects of influenza vaccination were noted significantly among those ≥75 years of age [unadjusted HR 0.29 (95% CI 0.12–0.74), P &lt; .01; adjusted HR 0.22 (95% CI 0.08–0.58), P &lt; .01]. A reverse association was noted between the total number of vaccinations and RCC events in both unadjusted and adjusted models. The Kaplan–Meier estimates of the RCC events showed significantly higher free survival rates in the vaccinated as compared with the unvaccinated patients (logrank P = .005).

Conclusion
This population-based cohort study found a significant inverse relationship between influenza vaccination and the risk of RCC in CKD patients and the protective effects were more prominent in patients &gt;75 years of age. A possible relation exists between the total number of vaccinations and RCC events. Future randomized clinical and basic studies will be needed to prove these findings and underlying pathophysiological mechanisms.
Relationship of serum lipid parameters with kidney function decline accompanied by systemic arterial stiffness: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Nagayama Daiji , Watanabe Yasuhiro , Yamaguchi Takashi , Fujishiro Kentaro , Suzuki Kenji , Shirai Kohji , Saiki Atsuhito 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT

Background
Dyslipidemia is associated with kidney function decline (KFD), although the non-linear relationship of lipid parameters to KFD has not been fully elucidated. We aimed to determine the detailed relationship of baseline lipid parameters with KFD, considering the mediation of arterial stiffness.

Methods
A total of 27 864 urban residents with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2 at baseline, who participated in a median of three (range two to eight) consecutive annual health examinations were studied. Arterial stiffness was assessed by cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI). KFD was defined as development of eGFR &lt;60 mL/min/1.73 m2.

Results
During the study period, 1837 participants (6.6%) developed KFD. Receiver operating characteristic analysis determined that the cutoff values independently associated with KFD are 123 mg/dL for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) [area under the curve (95% confidence interval) 0.570 (0.557–0.583)], 65 mg/dL for high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) [0.552 (0.539–0.566)], 82 mg/dL for triglycerides (TG) [0.606 (0.593–0.618)] and 1.28 for TG/HDL-C ratio [0.600 (0.587–0.612)]. These cut-offs were independently associated with KFD in Cox analysis. Regarding the contribution of each lipid parameter to KFD, a linear relationship was observed for both TG and TG/HDL-C, and a U-shaped relationship for HDL-C. A adjusted mediating effect of CAVI on the relationship of TG or TG/HDL-C ratio with KFD was observed (mediating rate: 2.9% in TG, 2.5% in TG/HDL-C ratio). Regarding the association to KFD, a linear relationship was observed for both TG and TG/HDL-C, and a U-shaped relationship for HDL-C. A mediating effect of CAVI on the relationship of TG or TG/HDL-C ratio with KFD was observed after adjustment for confounders.

Conclusions
TG and TG/HDL-C ratio related linearly to KFD and this was partially mediated by CAVI. A U-shaped relationship was observed between HDL-C and KFD risk. LDL-C showed no significant association. Further study should investigate whether intensive TG-lowering treatment prevents KFD via decreasing CAVI.
Hypergraphx: a library for higher-order network analysis
Authors: Lotito Quintino Francesco , Contisciani Martina , De Bacco Caterina , Di Gaetano Leonardo , Gallo Luca , Montresor Alberto , Musciotto Federico , Ruggeri Nicolò , Battiston Federico 
Published: May 2023

AbstractFrom social to biological systems, many real-world systems are characterized by higher-order, non-dyadic interactions. Such systems are conveniently described by hypergraphs, where hyperedges encode interactions among an arbitrary number of units. Here, we present an open-source python library, hypergraphx (HGX), providing a comprehensive collection of algorithms and functions for the analysis of higher-order networks. These include different ways to convert data across distinct higher-order representations, a large variety of measures of higher-order organization at the local and the mesoscale, statistical filters to sparsify higher-order data, a wide array of static and dynamic generative models, and an implementation of different dynamical processes with higher-order interactions. Our computational framework is general, and allows to analyse hypergraphs with weighted, directed, signed, temporal and multiplex group interactions. We provide visual insights on higher-order data through a variety of different visualization tools. We accompany our code with an extended higher-order data repository and demonstrate the ability of HGX to analyse real-world systems through a systematic analysis of a social network with higher-order interactions. The library is conceived as an evolving, community-based effort, which will further extend its functionalities over the years. Our software is available at https://github.com/HGX-Team/hypergraphx.
Normative cut-offs for polycystic ovary syndrome diagnostic features in adolescents using cluster analysis
Authors: Kiconco Sylvia , Earnest Arul , Enticott Joanne , Hart Roger , Mori Trevor A , Hickey Martha , Teede Helena J , Joham Anju E 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Objective
The diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) remains challenging with international guidelines prioritising accurate cut-offs for individual diagnostic features. These diagnostic cut-offs are currently based on arbitrary percentiles, often from poorly characterised cohorts, and are dependent on variable laboratory ranges defined by assay manufacturers, limiting diagnostic accuracy. Cluster analysis is the recommended approach for defining normative cut-offs within populations for clinical syndromes. Few PCOS adult studies have applied cluster analysis, with no studies in adolescents. We aimed to define normative cut-offs for individual PCOS diagnostic features in a community-based population of adolescents using cluster analysis.

Design
This analysis utilised data from the Menstruation in Teenagers Study, a subgroup of the Raine Study, which is a population based prospective cohort of 244 adolescents whose mean age at PCOS assessment was 15.2 years.

Methods
K-means cluster analysis and receiver operating characteristics curves were used to define normative cut-offs for modified Ferriman–Gallwey (mFG) score, free testosterone (free T), free androgen index (FAI), and menstrual cycle length.

Results
Normative cut-offs for mFG, free T, FAI, and menstrual cycle lengths were 1.0, 23.4 pmol/L, 3.6, and 29 days, respectively. These corresponded to the 65th, 71st, 70th, and 59th population percentiles, respectively.

Conclusion
In this novel study, we define the normative diagnostic criteria cut-offs in this unselected adolescent population and show that these cut-offs correspond to lower percentiles than conventional cut-offs. These findings highlight the pertinent need to re-define PCOS diagnostic cut-offs in adolescents. Validation is required in larger, multi-ethnic, and well-characterised adolescent cohorts.
A high order unfitted hybridizable discontinuous Galerkin method for linear elasticity
Authors: Cárdenas Juan Manuel , Solano Manuel 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This work analyses a high-order hybridizable discontinuous Galerkin (HDG) method for the linear elasticity problem in a domain not necessarily polyhedral. The domain is approximated by a polyhedral computational domain where the HDG solution can be computed. The introduction of the rotation as one of the unknowns allows us to use the gradient of the displacements to obtain an explicit representation of the boundary data in the computational domain. The boundary data is transferred from the true boundary to the computational boundary by line integrals, where the integrand depends on the Cauchy stress tensor and the rotation. Under closeness assumptions between the computational and true boundaries, the scheme is shown to be well-posed and optimal error estimates are provided even in the nearly incompressible case. Numerical experiments in two dimensions are presented.
Comparative Study of Continuous Wavelet Transform and Multivariate Calibration for the Simultaneous Spectrophotometric Determination of Tamsulosin and Solifenacin in Pharmaceutical Formulation and Biological Sample
Authors: Ashrafi Nazanin , Sohrabi Mahmoud Reza , Saber Tehrani Mandana 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background
Spectrophotometry alone is not applicable for the simultaneous determination of drugs in a multicomponent pharmaceutical formulation owing to their overlap.

Objective
In this study, the combination of UV-Vis spectrophotometry and chemometric methods, including continuous wavelet transform (CWT) and partial least-squares (PLS) was presented for the simultaneous estimation of tamsulosin (TAM) and solifenacin (SOL) in synthetic mixtures, commercial formulations, and a biological sample.

Methods
The simultaneous spectrophotometric determination of TAM and SOL in binary mixtures, a real sample, and a biological sample was performed by applying CWT and PLS approaches.

Results
In the CWT method, two various wavelet families named Daubechies (db2) at wavelength 223 nm and Biorthogonal (bior1.3) at wavelength 227 nm based on the appropriate zero-crossing point were selected for TAM and SOL, respectively. The linear ranges of TAM and SOL were 0.25–4 μg/mL and 10–30 μg/mL, respectively. The LODs were 0.0459 μg/mL and 0.2085 μg/mL, while the LOQs were 0.3208 μg/mL and 0.6495 μg/mL for TAM and SOL, respectively. The average recovery values of 18 mixtures were 98.28% and 97.79% for TAM and SOL, respectively. Also, the root mean square error (RMSE) of both components was lower than 2.3. Based on the k-fold cross-validation in the PLS approach, the optimum number of components related to TAM and SOL were 9 and 5 with a mean square error prediction (MSEP) of 0.0153 and 0.0370, respectively. The mean recovery values of the test set were found to be 100.09% for TAM and 99.95% for SOL where RMSE values were 0.0064 and 0.0169 for TAM and SOL, respectively.

Conclusion
Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was applied to the results of the real sample and there was no significant difference between the proposed methods and HPLC as a reference technique. The result obtained revealed that the proposed methods were found to be fast, facile, economical, and precise, and provide a suitable alternative to the HPLC technique for the concurrent determination of TAM and SOL in QC laboratories.

Highlights
UV-Vis spectrophotometry combined with CWT and PLS was developed. Simultaneous analysis of TAM and SOL was performed using the proposed approaches. These methods were implemented on synthetic mixtures, commercial formulations, and a biological sample. ANOVA test was used to compare the suggested methods and the HPLC technique.
Bee–plant interaction and community response along an urbanization gradient
Authors: Ayers Anthony C , Rehan Sandra M 
Published: May 2023

AbstractElucidating bee response to urbanization is essential to promoting pollinator diversity in cities especially considering such landscapes are projected to expand to support future global populations. To determine how bee community composition and plant–pollinator interactions respond to urbanization, 29 sites representing three urban categories (high, medium and low urbanization) were monitored biweekly from May through early October in Toronto, Canada. Bees were collected passively using pan and blue vane traps as well as actively using aerial nets and vacuums to compare community structure and plant–pollinator networks among urban categories. Functional traits such as dietary breadth, behaviour, nesting substrate and native or non-native status were also examined to determine how landscape influences bee community assemblages. In total, 5477 bees, comprising 26 genera and 164 species, were represented in this study. The urban landscape was largely supportive of species within the family Apidae and Halictidae as well as ground nesting, native and generalist species. Overall, community composition was affected by urban landscape characteristics such as percent tree cover and impervious (i.e. paved and built) surface surrounding sites; however, bee richness and abundance were significantly influenced by plant richness and not by landscape variables. A total of 3267 interactions were observed throughout the study region with characteristics of plant–pollinator networks remaining consistent along the urban gradient with a few floral host plants such as Solidago dominating interactions in certain urban contexts. These results provide important land use and floral host information for targeting pollinator conservation and habitat restoration.
Broad-band spectro-temporal investigation of neutron star low-mass X-ray binary GX 349+2
Authors: Kashyap Unnati , Chakraborty Manoneeta , Bhattacharyya Sudip , Ram Biki 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
We report a broad-band investigation of the Z-type neutron star (NS) low mass X-ray binary (LMXB) GX 349+2 using AstroSat and Neutron star Interior Composition Explorer (NICER). AstroSat observed the source exhibiting large scale variability in its normal branch (NB)/flaring branch (FB) vertex and FB and a moderate evolution during NICER observations. The power spectra exhibit very low-frequency noise (VLFN) and low-frequency noise (LFN)/FB noise, described by a power law (PL) and an evolving Lorentzian. We investigate the energy dependence of variability components and their correlation with the spectral state to probe their origin. The joint spectra of GX 349+2 are modeled by two thermal and one non-thermal component. The source moves along the Z track, with the increasing accretion rate, further heating of the NS boundary layer (BL), and increasing temperature/radius of the brightened hotspot at the disc-BL interface/NS surface. A PL well represents the hard non-thermal coronal emission. As predicted by the gravitational redshift, we find a correlation between the line energy detected in NICER spectra and the inner disc radius with the Spearman rank correlation coefficient of 1. Using this correlation, we demonstrate the potential of a method to constrain the accreting compact object properties, including evolving continuum and line spectroscopy. We report the first detection of hard lag providing evidence of the VLFN originating from the accretion disc in NS LMXBs, representing fluctuation of propagation through the disc.
Physician approval for pregnancy in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus showing only serological activity: A vignette survey study
Authors: Isojima Sakiko , Yajima Nobuyuki , Yanai Ryo , Miura Yoko , Fukuma Shingo , Kaneko Kayoko , Fujio Keishi , Oku Kenji , Matsushita Masakazu , Miyamae Takako , Wada Takashi , Tanaka Yoshiya , Kaneko Yuko , Nakajima Ayako , Murashima Atsuko 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT

Objective
The European League Against Rheumatism recommends that the disease activity of systemic lupus erythematosus should be stable before pregnancy because complications and disease flares increase if pregnancy occurs while disease activity is high. However, some patients have ongoing serological activity even after treatment. Herein, we investigated how physicians decide on the acceptability of pregnancy in patients showing only serological activity.

Methods
A questionnaire was administered from December 2020 to January 2021. It included the characteristics of physicians, facilities, and the allowance for pregnancies of patients using vignette scenarios.

Results
The questionnaire was distributed to 4946 physicians, and 9.4% responded. The median age of respondents was 46 years, and 85% were rheumatologists. Pregnancy allowance was significantly affected by the duration of the stable period and status of serological activity [duration: proportion difference 11.8 percentage points (p.p.), P &lt; .001; mild activity: proportion difference −25.8 p.p., P &lt; .001; high activity: proportion difference −65.6 p.p., P &lt; .001]. For patients with high-level serological activity, 20.5% of physicians allowed pregnancy if there were no clinical symptoms for 6 months.

Conclusions
Serological activity had a significant effect on the acceptability of pregnancy. However, some physicians allowed patients with serological activity alone to become pregnant. Further observational studies are required to clarify such prognoses.
Dual-center validation of using magnetic resonance imaging radiomics to predict stereotactic radiosurgery outcomes
Authors: DeVries David A , Tang Terence , Alqaidy Ghada , Albweady Ali , Leung Andrew , Laba Joanna , Lagerwaard Frank , Zindler Jaap , Hajdok George , Ward Aaron D 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background
MRI radiomic features and machine learning have been used to predict brain metastasis (BM) stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) outcomes. Previous studies used only single-center datasets, representing a significant barrier to clinical translation and further research. This study, therefore, presents the first dual-center validation of these techniques.

Methods
SRS datasets were acquired from 2 centers (n = 123 BMs and n = 117 BMs). Each dataset contained 8 clinical features, 107 pretreatment T1w contrast-enhanced MRI radiomic features, and post-SRS BM progression endpoints determined from follow-up MRI. Random decision forest models were used with clinical and/or radiomic features to predict progression. 250 bootstrap repetitions were used for single-center experiments.

Results
Training a model with one center’s dataset and testing it with the other center’s dataset required using a set of features important for outcome prediction at both centers, and achieved area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) values up to 0.70. A model training methodology developed using the first center’s dataset was locked and externally validated with the second center’s dataset, achieving a bootstrap-corrected AUC of 0.80. Lastly, models trained on pooled data from both centers offered balanced accuracy across centers with an overall bootstrap-corrected AUC of 0.78.

Conclusions
Using the presented validated methodology, radiomic models trained at a single center can be used externally, though they must utilize features important across all centers. These models’ accuracies are inferior to those of models trained using each individual center’s data. Pooling data across centers shows accurate and balanced performance, though further validation is required.
WSD-0922, a novel brain-penetrant inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor, promotes survival in glioblastoma mouse models
Authors: Conage-Pough Jason E , Stopka Sylwia A , Oh Ju-Hee , Mladek Ann C , Burgenske Danielle M , Regan Michael S , Baquer Gerard , Decker Paul A , Carlson Brett L , Bakken Katrina K , Zhang Jinqiang , Liu Lily , Sun Claire , Mu Zhihua , Zhong Wei , Tran Nhan L , Elmquist William F , Agar Nathalie Y R , Sarkaria Jann N , White Forest M 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background
Although the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a frequent oncogenic driver in glioblastoma (GBM), efforts to therapeutically target this protein have been largely unsuccessful. The present preclinical study evaluated the novel EGFR inhibitor WSD-0922.

Methods
We employed flank and orthotopic patient-derived xenograft models to characterize WSD-0922 and compare its efficacy to erlotinib, a potent EGFR inhibitor that failed to provide benefit for GBM patients. We performed long-term survival studies and collected short-term tumor, plasma, and whole-brain samples from mice treated with each drug. We utilized mass spectrometry to measure drug concentrations and spatial distribution and to assess the impact of each drug on receptor activity and cellular signaling networks.

Results
WSD-0922 inhibited EGFR signaling as effectively as erlotinib in in vitro and in vivo models. While WSD-0922 was more CNS penetrant than erlotinib in terms of total concentration, comparable concentrations of both drugs were measured at the tumor site in orthotopic models, and the concentration of free WSD-0922 in the brain was significantly less than the concentration of free erlotinib. WSD-0922 treatment provided a clear survival advantage compared to erlotinib in the GBM39 model, with marked suppression of tumor growth and most mice surviving until the end of the study. WSD-0922 treatment preferentially inhibited phosphorylation of several proteins, including those associated with EGFR inhibitor resistance and cell metabolism.

Conclusions
WSD-0922 is a highly potent inhibitor of EGFR in GBM, and warrants further evaluation in clinical studies.