bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of basic medical insurance integration on subjective wellbeing of residents in China: empirical evidence from a quasi-experiment
Authors: Na Xin , Ding Lingzhi , Wang Junxia , Chu Shuzhen 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionEnhancing the wellbeing of residents through universal health coverage (UHC) is a long-term policy goal for China. In 2016, China integrated the New Rural Cooperative Medical Scheme (NRCMS) and the Urban Resident Basic Medical Insurance (URBMI) into the Urban and Rural Resident Basic Medical Insurance (URRBMI) to address the problem of fragmentation.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to investigate whether the integration of basic medical insurance had an impact on the subjective wellbeing of Chinese residents.MethodsUsing the China Household Finance Survey data of 2015 and 2019, we empirically estimated the influence of the integration of basic medical insurance on Chinese residents through the difference-in-difference method based on propensity score matching (PSM-DID).ResultsOur findings indicate that the integration of basic medical insurance improved the subjective wellbeing of the insured population. Additionally, through heterogeneity testing, we validated that the integration increased the subjective wellbeing of residents from less developed regions in West China and rural areas, as well as those with older adult dependents. However, the subjective wellbeing of low-income groups, who were expected to benefit more from the URRBMI, did not improve significantly, at least in the short term.ConclusionAccording to our research, the integration of basic medical insurance in China supports the country's objective of achieving equality and providing universal benefits for its residents. The introduction of the URRBMI has had a positive impact on the subjective wellbeing of insured individuals. This is particularly beneficial for disadvantaged groups in less developed regions, as well as for residents with older adult dependents. However, the subjective wellbeing of the middle-income group has improved significantly, whereas that of the low-income group, despite being the intended beneficiaries of the integration, did not show significant improvement.RecommendationsFrom a funding perspective, we recommend establishing a dynamic adjustment funding system that links residents' medical insurance funding standards with their disposable income. Regarding the utilization of the URRBMI, the benefit packages should be expanded, particularly by covering more outpatient services through risk pooling. We call for further research with additional data and continued efforts on improving wellbeing of residents, particularly for disadvantaged populations.
Rapid implementation mapping to identify implementation determinants and strategies for cervical cancer control in Nigeria
Authors: Itanyi Ijeoma Uchenna , Viglione Clare , Rositch Anne F. , Olawepo John Olajide , Olakunde Babayemi Oluwaseun , Ikpeazu Akudo , Nwokwu Uche , Lasebikan Nwamaka , Ezeanolue Echezona Edozie , Aarons Gregory A. 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundCervical cancer constitutes a huge burden among women in Nigeria, particularly HIV-infected women. However, the provision and uptake of cervical cancer screening and treatment is limited in Nigeria. Understanding implementation determinants is essential for the effective translation of such evidence-based interventions into practice, particularly in low-resource settings. COVID-19 pandemic necessitated online collaboration making implementation mapping challenging in some ways, while providing streamlining opportunities. In this study, we describe the use of a virtual online approach for implementation mapping (steps 1–3) to identify implementation determinants, mechanisms, and strategies to implement evidence-based cervical cancer screening and treatment in existing HIV infrastructure in Nigeria.MethodsThis study used a mixed methods study design with a virtual modified nominal group technique (NGT) process aligning with Implementation Mapping steps 1–3. Eleven stakeholders (six program staff and five healthcare providers and administrators) participated in a virtual NGT process which occurred in two phases. The first phase utilized online surveys, and the second phase utilized an NGT and implementation mapping process. The Exploration, Preparation, Implementation and Sustainment (EPIS) framework was used to elicit discussion around determinants and strategies from the outer context (i.e., country and regions), inner organizational context of existing HIV infrastructure, bridging factors that relate to bi-directional influences, and the health innovation to be implemented (in this case cervical cancer screening and treatment). During the NGT, the group ranked implementation barriers and voted on implementation strategies using Mentimeter.ResultsEighteen determinants to integrating cervical cancer screening and treatment into existing comprehensive HIV programs were related to human resources capacity, access to cervical cancer services, logistics management, clinic, and client-related factors. The top 3 determinants included gaps in human resources capacity, poor access to cervical cancer services, and lack of demand for services resulting from lack of awareness about the disease and servicesA set of six core implementation strategies and two enhanced implementation strategies were identified.ConclusionsRapid Implementation Mapping is a feasible and acceptable approach for identifying and articulating implementation determinants, mechanisms, and strategies for complex healthcare interventions in LMICs.
Experience of loss and grief among people from Germany who have lost their relatives during the pandemic: the impact of healthcare professionals' support
Authors: Büssing Arndt , Baumann Klaus 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundDue to public restrictions during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic, many people were unable to visit and bid a proper farewell to their dying loved ones. This study aimed to address the loss-oriented aspects of grief and bereavement of relatives and relate these to the support they may have received from their dying relative's caring professionals.Materials and methodsPeople from Germany who experienced bereavement during the COVID-19 pandemic were enrolled in a cross-sectional study between July 2021 and May 2022, using standardized questionnaires (i.e., ICG, Inventory of Complicated Grief; BGL, Burdened by Grief and Loss scale; WHO-5, WHO-Five Wellbeing Index; and 5NRS, perception of burden related to the pandemic).ResultsMost participants (n = 196) had the opportunity to visit their relatives before death (59%). When this was not possible, being burdened by grief and loss was significantly higher (Eta2 = 0.153), while this had no significant influence on complicated grief or psychological wellbeing. Furthermore, 34% of participants felt well-supported by the treatment/care team. Their own support was moderately correlated with BGL scores (r = −0.38) and marginally with ICG scores (r = −15). Regression analyses showed that complicated grief symptoms as the dependent variable were predicted by (low) psychological wellbeing, relational status, and the perception of COVID-19-related burden (R2 = 0.70). In contrast, BGL as the dependent variable can be best explained by the perception of emotional affections because of restricted visits shortly before their death, by the (short) duration of visits before death, and by the relational status (R2 = 0.53). Although both were interconnected (r = 0.44), their predictor pattern was different.ConclusionBeing able to visit dying relatives was important for the mourning and bereavement processes. This emotional aspect was more relevant to the normal, non-pathological grief and loss processes than to complicated grief processes. Support from their dying relatives' treatment/care team was highly relevant to the mourning process, but the visiting relatives often lacked information about additional resources such as psychologists or pastoral care professionals or had limited access to them.
Understanding care coordination for Veterans with complex care needs: protocol of a multiple-methods study to build evidence for an effectiveness and implementation study
Authors: Hynes Denise M. , Govier Diana J. , Niederhausen Meike , Tuepker Anaïs , Laliberte Avery Z. , McCready Holly , Hickok Alex , Rowneki Mazhgan , Waller Dylan , Cordasco Kristina M. , Singer Sara J. , McDonald Kathryn M. , Slatore Christopher G. , Thomas Kathleen C. , Maciejewski Matthew , Battaglia Catherine , Perla Lisa 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundFor patients with complex health and social needs, care coordination is crucial for improving their access to care, clinical outcomes, care experiences, and controlling their healthcare costs. However, evidence is inconsistent regarding the core elements of care coordination interventions, and lack of standardized processes for assessing patients’ needs has made it challenging for providers to optimize care coordination based on patient needs and preferences. Further, ensuring providers have reliable and timely means of communicating about care plans, patients’ full spectrum of needs, and transitions in care is important for overcoming potential care fragmentation. In the Veterans Health Administration (VA), several initiatives are underway to implement care coordination processes and services. In this paper, we describe our study underway in the VA aimed at building evidence for designing and implementing care coordination practices that enhance care integration and improve health and care outcomes for Veterans with complex care needs.MethodsIn a prospective observational multiple methods study, for Aim 1 we will use existing data to identify Veterans with complex care needs who have and have not received care coordination services. We will examine the relationship between receipt of care coordination services and their health outcomes. In Aim 2, we will adapt the Patient Perceptions of Integrated Veteran Care questionnaire to survey a sample of Veterans about their experiences regarding coordination, integration, and the extent to which their care needs are being met. For Aim 3, we will interview providers and care teams about their perceptions of the innovation attributes of current care coordination needs assessment tools and processes, including their improvement over other approaches (relative advantage), fit with current practices (compatibility and innovation fit), complexity, and ability to visualize how the steps proceed to impact the right care at the right time (observability). The provider interviews will inform design and deployment of a widescale provider survey.DiscussionTaken together, our study will inform development of an enhanced care coordination intervention that seeks to improve care and outcomes for Veterans with complex care needs.
Leisure as social engagement: does it moderate the association between subjective wellbeing and depression in later life?
Authors: Tripathi Ashwin , Samanta Tannistha 
Published: August 2023

ObjectivesTo investigate the role of leisure (as social engagement) in moderating the association between subjective wellbeing and depressive symptoms among older Indians.MethodsThe sample included data from 39,538 older adults (aged 55–80) from the Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI, Wave-1), 2017–2018. Individual level questionnaire was used to examine the relationship among social engagement, subjective wellbeing, and depressive symptoms. Moderating effects of leisure activities were estimated through interaction analysis and linear multivariable modeling.ResultsLow participation in social engagement activities (or leisure) was associated with greater likelihood of depressive symptoms. Leisure activities positively and significantly moderated the subjective wellbeing among older adults with depressive symptoms. Results suggest a significant wealth gradient where affluent older Indians having a clear advantage in heightened levels of social engagement and subsequently lower likelihood of depressive symptoms. Additionally, being in an urban area, co-residence in a “joint” household and belonging to the dominant social groups in terms of caste and religious categories are associated with gains in wellbeing.DiscussionThe direct and indirect effects of social engagement suggest that depressive symptoms can be mitigated while enhancing overall wellbeing of older adults. This holds promise for social policy in redirecting efforts to develop age-friendly initiatives and social infrastructure that enhance the link between engagement and wellbeing.
The effects of arts and crafts therapy on post-stroke executive dysfunction: a pilot randomized control test
Authors: Yun Ruisheng , Zhou Huanxia , Gray Julie McLaughlin , Cheng Jia , Zhao Zhongzhi 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundExecutive function is an important determinant of independent living among stroke survivors. Patients with post-stroke executive dysfunction (PSED) have a lower engagement in therapy activities and reduced independent living abilities. One potential method for improving executive function and engagement is arts and crafts therapy (ACT). This study aimed to explore the effects of ACT on patients with PSED.MethodsThe study was a pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) with two groups: an experimental intervention group receiving ACT combined with individual rehabilitation therapy (IRT) and an active control group receiving IRT only. Fifty-seven patients with PSED participated. Outcome measures included the Trail Making Test (parts A and B), the Stroop test, the Tower of Hanoi (TOH), and the Lawton–Brody Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale. Two groups were compared at baseline and 4 weeks after the completion of the training.ResultsThere were significant differences in the Trail Making Test part A (TMT-A; time; p &lt; 0.01), the TMT part B (TMT-B; p &lt; 0.05), the TMT-B (errors; p &lt; 0.01), and the Stroop test (time; p &lt; 0.01) between the experimental and the control group after 4 weeks. There were no significant differences in TMT-A (errors), Stroop test (errors), TOH, and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale.ConclusionThe therapeutic use of arts and crafts could be an effective intervention to improve executive function and self-efficacy for stroke survivors.Clinical trial registrationhttp://www.chictr.org.cn; Identifier: ChiCTR2200063547.
Relationships between diversity demographics, psychological distress, and suicidal thinking in the veterinary profession: a nationwide cross-sectional study during COVID-19
Authors: Scoresby Kristel , Jurney Carrie , Fackler Amanda , Tran Christina V. , Nugent William , Strand Elizabeth 
Published: August 2023

PurposeThis study aimed to determine the relationship between demographic diversity and veterinary professionals regarding their psychological distress and suicidal experiences. This study also aimed to determine what demographic factors were associated with psychological distress and suicidal experiences for veterinary professionals.MethodsThis study used a cross-sectional web-based questionnaire to assess the prevalence of diversity, psychological distress, and suicidality in individuals over 18 working in the veterinary field within the United States. The study received 2,482 responses resulting in 2,208 responses that were included in the analysis. Descriptive statistics were performed to identify the categories with the highest rates of psychological distress, suicidal thoughts, and suicidal behaviors. Binomial logistic regressions were conducted to identify the strongest statistical predictors of psychological distress (Kessler-6-K6), suicidal thinking and suicide behaviors.ResultsOf the 2,208 respondents included in the analysis, 888 (41%) were experiencing serious psychological distress and 381 (17.3%) had considered suicide in the past 12 months. Results of the binomial regressions indicate gender, social class, age, and disability status were the strongest predictors of psychological distress. When controlling for psychological distress, the strongest predictors of suicidal thinking were sexual orientation, marital status, and professional role.ImplicationsLimited research has been done to explore the relationship between demographic diversity of veterinary professionals and psychological distress, suicidal thoughts, and suicidal behaviors specifically. These results shed light on multiple demographic factors that promote and attenuate mental health, as well as the importance of asking respondents their demographic identities in veterinary medicine research. This research attempts to identify these mental health factors without collapsing categories with small sample sizes, which does cause a limitation in statistical power, yet also demonstrates how to increase inclusivity in research.
Assessment of a reconfiguration of the InterSpread Plus US national FMD model as a potential tool to analyze a foot-and-mouth disease outbreak on a single large cattle feedlot in the United States
Authors: Mielke Sarah R. , Rigney Columb , Hagerman Amy D. , Boyer Timothy C. , Delgado Amy H. , Arzt Jonathan , Holmstrom Lindsey K. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionAn incursion of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) into the United States remains a concern of high importance and would have devastating socioeconomic impacts to the livestock and associated industries. This highly transmissible and infectious disease poses continual risk for introduction into the United States (US), due to the legal and illegal global movement of people, animals, and animal products. While stamping out has been shown to effectively control FMD, depopulation of large cattle feedlots (&gt;50,000 head) presents a number of challenges for responders due to the resources required to depopulate and dispose of large numbers of animals in a timely and effective manner.MethodsHowever, evaluating alternative strategies for FMD control on large feedlots requires a detailed within-farm modeling approach, which can account for the unique structure of these operations. To address this, we developed a single feedlot, within-farm spread model using a novel configuration within the InterSpread Plus (ISP) framework. As proof of concept we designed six scenarios: (i) depopulation - the complete depopulation of the feedlot, (ii) burn-through – a managed “burn-through” where the virus is allowed to spread through the feedlot and only movement restriction and biosecurity are implemented, (iii) firebreak-NV – targeted depopulation of infected pens and adjacent pens without vaccination; (iv) firebreak - targeted depopulation of infected pens and adjacent pens with vaccination of remaining pens; (v) harvest-NV - selective harvest of pens where a 100% movement restriction is applied for 28-30 days, then pens are set for selection to be sent to slaughter, while allowing a controlled “burn-through” without vaccination; and (vi) harvest - selective harvest of pens with vaccination.ResultsOverall, the burn-through scenario (ii) had the shortest epidemic duration (31d (30, 33)) median (25th, 75th percentiles), while the firebreak scenario (iv) had the longest (47d (38,55)). Additionally, we found that scenarios implementing depopulation delayed the peak day of infection and reduced the total number of pens infected compared to non-depopulation scenarios.DiscussionThis novel configuration of ISP provides proof of concept for further development of this new tool to enhance response planning for an incursion of FMD in the US and provides the capability to investigate response strategies that are designed to address specific outbreak response objectives.
Incidence and Severity of SARS-CoV-2 Infections in People With Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia
Authors: Pedersen Eva S. L. , Schreck Leonie D. , Goutaki Myrofora , Bellu Sara , Copeland Fiona , Lucas Jane S. , Zwahlen Marcel , Kuehni Claudia E. 
Published: August 2023

Objectives: There is little data on SARS-CoV-2 in people with rare chronic diseases. We studied incidence and severity of SARS-CoV-2 and its risk factors in people with primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) from May 2020 to May 2022.Methods: We used self-reported questionnaire data from the COVID-PCD study at baseline or during weekly follow-ups. We studied factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 and symptoms using Poisson regression.Results: By May 2022, 728 people participated (40% male, median age 27 years; range 0–85). 87 (12%) reported SARS-CoV-2 at baseline or during follow-up and 62 people reported an incident SARS-CoV-2 infection during 716 person-years (incidence rate 9 per 100 person years). The strongest predictors for reporting SARS-CoV-2 were exposure during periods where Delta variant was dominant (IRR 4.52, 95% CI 1.92–10.6) and Omicron variants (IRR 13.3, 95% CI 5.2–33.8). Severity was mild; 12 (14%) were asymptomatic and 75 (86%) had symptoms among whom four were hospitalized. None needed intensive care and nobody died.Conclusion: The COVID-PCD study participants did not have a higher incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infections nor higher risk of severe COVID-19 disease than people from the general population.
Experimental considerations for integration method of Si thin-film microchips for fluidic self-assembly
Authors: Fujita Yutaka , Tanabe Katsuaki 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Fluidic self-assembly is a technique in which numerous semiconductor chips are integrated spontaneously. Here, we demonstrate that the integration efficiency is significantly improved by optimizing the separation conditions and appropriately controlling the external forces to which the microchips are subjected to the solution. In particular, an external drag force was found to prevent the Si microchips from forming aggregations and prompting transfer to the Si receiver pockets. This resulted in a significant improvement in the integration selectivity. Moreover, experiments with various microchip sizes statistically determined the effect of the Si receiver chip rinse on the evaluation functions: deposition selectivity, yield, and overall yield. While rinsing was effective for fluidic self-assembly of 10 μm scale Si microchips, rinsing of 800 nm scale chips is indicated to have different integration mechanisms. Our quantitative analysis indicated the potential applicability of the fluidic self-assembly technique to the integration technologies of Si micro semiconductor devices.