bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Objective analysis of facial bone fracture CT images using curvature measurement in a surface mesh model
Authors: Kim Jeenam , Seo Chaneol , Yoo Jung Hwan , Choi Seung Hoon , Ko Kwang Yeon , Choi Hyung Jin , Lee Ki Hyun , Choi Hyungon , Shin Donghyeok , Kim HyungSeok , Lee Myung Chul 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe human facial skeleton consists of multiple segments and causes difficulty during analytic processes. We developed image analysis software to quantify the amount of injury and validate the smooth curvature of the surface after facial bone reduction surgery. Three-dimensional computed tomography images of facial bone were obtained from 40 patients who had undergone open reduction surgery to treat unilateral zygomaticomaxillary fractures. Analytic software was developed based on the discrete curvature of a triangular mesh model. The discrete curvature values were compared before and after surgery using two regions of interest. For the inferior orbital rim, the weighted average of curvature changed from 0.543 ± 0.034 to 0.458 ± 0.042. For the anterior maxilla, the weighted average of curvature changed from 0.596 ± 0.02 to 0.481 ± 0.031, showing a significant decrement (P < 0.05). The curvature was further compared with the unaffected side using the Bray–Curtis similarity index (BCSI). The BCSI of the inferior orbital rim changed from 0.802 ± 0.041 to 0.904 ± 0.015, and that for the anterior maxilla changed from 0.797 ± 0.029 to 0.84 ± 0.025, demonstrating increased similarity (P < 0.05). In computational biology, adequate analytic software is crucial. The newly developed software demonstrated significant differentiation between pre- and postoperative curvature values. Modification of formulas and software will lead to further advancements.
Genome-wide transcriptional response of Escherichia coli O157:H7 to light-emitting diodes with various wavelengths
Authors: Khan Shehzad Abid , Kim Min-Jeong , Yuk Hyun-Gyun 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe investigated the physiological and transcriptomic response of Escherichia coli at the early stationary phase to light-emitting diodes with different wavelengths. The growth and metabolic changes of E. coli O157:H7 were examined under the influence of 465, 520, and 625 nm illuminated light. Under 465 nm illumination, the growth of E. coli O157:H7 was significantly retarded compared to 520 nm and 625 nm illumination and non-illuminated control. Metabolic changes were examined under these illumination and non-illuminated conditions based on transcriptomic reads. Transcriptomic response under 520 nm and 625 nm remained almost similar to control except few up-and down-regulated genes. Carbohydrates metabolic transcriptomic reads were greatly down-regulated under 465 nm illumination compared to 520 nm and 625 nm illumination and non-illuminated control showing depletion of glucose as a sole energy source during the exponential phase. Fatty acid degradation such as fad regulon-related genes was up-regulated in cells under 465 nm illumination revealing the shifting of cells to use fatty acid as a new carbon energy source during the early stationary phase. Exposure of E. coli O157:H7 cells to 465 nm illuminated light down-regulated virulence factor genes such as hlyA, hlyB, hlyC, stx1A, stx2B, paa, and bdm. Under the stress of 465 nm illumination, expression of stress and flagellar motility-related genes were up-regulated causing consumption of energy and reduction in cell growth. Also, oxidative phosphorylated transcriptomic reads were up-regulated under 465 nm illumination probably due to the production of ROS that might involve in the reduction of cell growth during the early stationary phase. These results indicate that pathogenic E. coli O157:H7 respond differentially to a different wavelength of the light-emitting diodes used in this study.
Dynamical behaviors, circuit design, and synchronization of a novel symmetric chaotic system with coexisting attractors
Authors: Qiu Haitao , Xu Xuemei , Jiang Zhaohui , Sun Kehui , Cao Can 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we introduce a novel three-dimension chaotic system with strange characteristic by applying construction of a 3D chaotic circuit method. Multiple equilibria and abundant coexisting attractors exist in this system. A mathematical model is developed and detailed stability analyses for equilibrium points are executed with obtaining significant results of the period-doubling bifurcation patterns confirmed by phase plane plots and Lyapunov exponent spectra. By varying the initial value and unique controlled parameter, the double-scroll chaotic attractor is broken up into a pair of symmetric singular attractors. Then, the local basins of attraction are investigated concerning the initial condition. Next, the circuit synthesis results generated by Multisim simulation tool validate the self-excitation characteristics of this system. Finally, the feedback control technique is used to study difference synchronization of this system. Main conclusions prove the validity and reliability of difference synchronization.
Simultaneous activation of CXC chemokine receptor 4 and histamine receptor H1 enhances calcium signaling and cancer cell migration
Authors: Park Chulo , Lee Jin-Woo , Kim Kiheon , Seen Dong-Seung , Jeong Jae-Yeon , Huh Won-Ki 
Published: February 2023

AbstractC-X-C chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) is widely overexpressed in various types of cancer and is involved in several cancer phenotypes including tumor growth, survival, and metastasis. The roles of histamine and histamine receptor H1 (HRH1) in cancer pathogenesis remain controversial. Here, we show that HRH1 is widely expressed in various cancer cell lines and cancer tissues and that coexpression of CXCR4 and HRH1 is associated with poor prognosis in breast cancer. Using bimolecular fluorescence complementation and bioluminescence resonance energy transfer donor saturation assays, we demonstrate that CXCR4 and HRH1 can assemble into a heteromeric complex. Simultaneous activation of CXCR4 and HRH1 synergistically increases calcium flux in MDA-MB-231 cells that endogenously express CXCR4 and HRH1 but not in cells deficient in CXCR4 or HRH1. Costimulation of CXCR4 and HRH1 also significantly enhances CXCL12-induced MDA-MB-231 cell migration, while histamine alone does not induce cell migration. Synergistic effects on calcium flux and cell migration are inhibited by the Gαi inhibitor pertussis toxin and the Gαq inhibitor YM254890, suggesting that the Gαi and Gαq pathways are involved in the synergy. Enhanced calcium signaling and cell migration are also observed in NCI-H23 and HeLa cells, which coexpress CXCR4 and HRH1. Taken together, our findings demonstrate an interplay between CXCR4 and HRH1, and suggest the possibility of the CXCR4-HRH1 heteromer as a potential therapeutic target for anticancer therapy.
Experiencing sweet taste is associated with an increase in prosocial behavior
Authors: Schaefer Michael , Kühnel Anja , Schweitzer Felix , Rumpel Franziska , Gärtner Matti 
Published: February 2023

AbstractTaste may be the first sense that emerged in evolution. Taste is also a very important sense since it signals potential beneficial or dangerous effects of foods. Given this fundamental role of taste in our lives, it is not surprising that taste also affects our psychological perception and thinking. For example, previous research demonstrated remarkable psychological effects of sweet taste experiences, suggesting that sweetness may be a source domain for prosocial functioning. Recent research reports that briefly experiencing sweet taste made participants more helpful in their intentions and behavior. The current study aims to test this hypothesis and to examine the neural underpinnings of this effect by using an fMRI approach. Participants were asked to taste sweet, salty, and neutral taste while lying in the fMRI scanner. Subsequently their prosocial behavior was tested by playing the dictator game, a measure of prosocial behavior. Results showed that sweet taste was associated with an increase in prosocial behavior compared with previously experiencing salty taste but did not affect control stimuli ratings. FMRI results revealed a modulation of the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex associated with this sweetness effect. This brain area is known to play a central role for monitoring conflicts and decisions and has been directly linked to selfish and prosocial economic decisions. The results demonstrate that sweet taste has complex psychological effects including positive and socially desirable outcomes. We discuss the results with other studies on psychological sweetness effects and suggest possible implications of these findings.
Longitudinal profiles of the fecal metabolome during the first 2 years of life
Authors: Holzhausen Elizabeth A. , Shen Natalie , Chalifour Bridget , Tran ViLinh , Li Zhenjiang , Sarnat Jeremy A. , Chang Howard H. , Jones Dean P. , Goran Michael I. , Liang Donghai , Alderete Tanya L. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDuring the first 2 years of life, the infant gut microbiome is rapidly developing, and gut bacteria may impact host health through the production of metabolites that can have systemic effects. Thus, the fecal metabolome represents a functional readout of gut bacteria. Despite the important role that fecal metabolites may play in infant health, the development of the infant fecal metabolome has not yet been thoroughly characterized using frequent, repeated sampling during the first 2 years of life. Here, we described the development of the fecal metabolome in a cohort of 101 Latino infants with data collected at 1-, 6-, 12-, 18-, and 24-months of age. We showed that the fecal metabolome is highly conserved across time and highly personalized, with metabolic profiles being largely driven by intra-individual variability. Finally, we also identified several novel metabolites and metabolic pathways that changed significantly with infant age, such as valerobetaine and amino acid metabolism, among others.
Enhanced bacterial clearance in early secondary sepsis in a porcine intensive care model
Authors: Wilske Frida , Skorup Paul , Hanslin Katja , Janols Helena , Larsson Anders , Lipcsey Miklós , Sjölin Jan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractEarly secondary sepsis (ESS), occurring after recent inflammatory activation is associated with a reduced inflammatory response. If this attenuation also is associated with decreased bacterial killing, the need for antibiotic efficacy might be greater than in primary sepsis (PS). This prospective, randomised interventional study compares bacterial killing in ESS and PS in a large animal intensive care sepsis model. 38 pigs were intravenously administered live Escherichia coli for 3 h. Before baseline ESS was pre-exposed to endotoxin 24 h, whereas PS was not. Bacterial growth was measured in organs immediately post-mortem, repeatedly during 6 h in blood in vivo and for blood intrinsic bactericidal capacity ex vivo. Splenic growth was lower in ESS animals, than in PS animals (3.31 ± 0.12, vs. 3.84 ± 0.14 log10 CFU/mL, mean ± SEM) (p < 0.01) with a similar trend in hepatic growth (p = NS). Blood bacterial count at 2 h correlated with splenic bacterial count in ESS (ESS: r = 0.71, p < 0.001) and to blood killing capacity in PS (PS: r = 0.69, p < 0.001). Attenuated inflammation in ESS is associated with enhanced antibacterial capacities in the spleen. In ESS blood bacterial count is related to splenic killing and in PS to blood bactericidal capacity. The results suggest no increased need for synergistic antibiotic combinations in ESS.
Maternal immune activation affects socio-communicative behavior in adult rats
Authors: Gzieło Kinga , Piotrowska Diana , Litwa Ewa , Popik Piotr , Nikiforuk Agnieszka 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA wide body of evidence suggests a relationship between maternal immune activation (MIA) and neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Since social and communicative deficits are included in the first diagnostic criterion of ASD, we aimed to characterize socio-communicative behaviors in the MIA model based on prenatal exposure to poly(I:C). Our previous studies demonstrated impaired socio-communicative functioning in poly(I:C)-exposed adolescent rats. Therefore, the current study sought to clarify whether these changes would persist beyond adolescence. For this purpose, we analyzed behavior during the social interaction test and recorded ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) accompanying interactions between adult poly(I:C) rats. The results demonstrated that the altered pattern of social behavior in poly(I:C) males was accompanied by the changes in acoustic parameters of emitted USVs. Poly(I:C) males also demonstrated an impaired olfactory preference for social stimuli. While poly(I:C) females did not differ from controls in socio-positive behaviors, they displayed aggression during the social encounter and were more reactive to somatosensory stimulation. Furthermore, the locomotor pattern of poly(I:C) animals were characterized by repetitive behaviors. Finally, poly(I:C) reduced parvalbumin and GAD67 expression in the cerebellum. The results showed that prenatal poly(I:C) exposure altered the pattern of socio-communicative behaviors of adult rats in a sex-specific manner.
Large-scale geological structures of the Egyptian Nubian Shield
Authors: Hamimi Zakaria , Eldosouky Ahmed M. , Hagag Wael , Kamh Samir Z. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIntegration of potential field- and structural data make it possible to trace surface and subsurface large-scale geological structures of the Egyptian Nubian Shield (ENS). Obtained results indicate that the Northern Eastern Desert (NED) of the ENS is dominated by relatively younger (c. 580 Ma) E–W and NE–SW trending extensional structures that were controlled by the evolution and retreat of the Cadomian Arc. Density of such extensional structures increases with depth as displayed by the potential data. The prevailing structural trends in the Central Eastern Desert (CED) are NW–SE and WNW–ESE. Both trends are highly prompted by the timing of deformation upon the Najd Fault System, and are themselves dissected by a relatively younger NE–SW shearing trend. Lineament density in the CED is subordinate for both subsurface and near surface structures. The South Eastern Desert exhibits compressional and extrusion-related structures of two main prominent trends; WNW-to-NW (to the western part) and the N-, NNE- to NE (to the eastern part). The previously mentioned Neoproterozoic trends are remarkably influenced by the Oligocene–Miocene Red Sea-Gulf of Suez rift related fractures in the vicinity of the rift shoulder. The remarkable change in trends and densities of structural trends, especially in the NED, is interpreted in terms of concealing of the older structures by the younger extensional structures which in turns reflect an N-ward progressive deformation in the entire ENS. Gravity data are more appropriate in delineating the structural trends compared to the magnetic data which are largely affected by lithological variations and/or alteration zones and magnetic mineralogy.
Social isolation in patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Takahara Mitsuyoshi , Iida Osamu , Ohura Norihiko , Soga Yoshimitsu , Yamaoka Terutoshi , Azuma Nobuyoshi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAssistance by family members or friends plays important roles in the course of treating patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI), both during hospitalization and after discharge. The aim of this study was to reveal the prevalence of social isolation and to explore relevant clinical backgrounds in patients with CLTI presenting with tissue loss and requiring revascularization. We analyzed 413 patients registered in a multicenter study in whom revascularization were scheduled for CLTI with tissue loss. Social isolation was analyzed by assessing the residence status of the patients and the involvement of a trusted family member or friend in their daily lives and during hospitalization. Patients living alone accounted for 24.5% (95% confidence interval [CI] 20.1–28.8%) of the study population. Patients receiving welfare were more likely to live alone (P < 0.001). For patients living alone, 21.8% (95% CI 12.8–30.8%) met a trusted family member or friend in their daily lives less than once per year. Younger age and receiving welfare were independently associated with lower frequency of meeting the trusted person in their daily lives (both P < 0.05). The adjusted odds ratio of age and receiving welfare was 0.44 (95% CI 0.29–0.67) per 10-year increase and 3.47 (95% CI 1.43–8.44), respectively. During hospitalization, 9.9% (95% CI 6.8–13.0%) of the patients had no hospital visits by a trusted family member or friend on three key occasions: the patient’s first hospital visit, the preoperative explanation regarding the planned operation, and the day of the operation. Younger age and receiving welfare were independently associated with lower frequency of hospital visits by a family member or friend (both P < 0.05). The adjusted odds ratio of age and receiving welfare for no visit versus ≥ 1 visit was 0.51 (0.36–0.74) per 10-year increase and 5.29 (2.46–11.4), respectively. In conclusion, social isolation is common among patients with CLTI, especially younger patients and those on welfare. Practical countermeasures against social isolation are warranted in the management of CLTI.
Molecular characterization and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of Thai Mycoplasma synoviae isolates
Authors: Limpavithayakul Kriengwich , Sasipreeyajan Jiroj , Pakpinyo Somsak 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMycoplasma synoviae(MS) infection is mainly controlled by pathogen-free flocks’ maintenance, medication in infected flocks, and vaccination in high-risk flocks. The effective control strategy requires convenient approach for detecting and differentiating MS strains and reliable drug susceptible evidence for deciding on reasonable antimicrobial usage. This study aimed to characterize the partialvlhAgene of nine Thai MS isolates circulated in chickens in 2020, to verify the PCR-RFLP assay for strain differentiation, and to determine the eight antimicrobial susceptibility profiles using microbroth dilution method. Based on sequence analysis of the partialvlhAgene, Thai MS isolates in 2020 were classified as types E and L with 19 and 35 amino acid lengths, respectively. The developed PCR-RFLP assay could detect and differentiate vaccine and Thai field strains. Most Thai MS isolates in this study were susceptible to tylosin, tylvalosin, tiamulin, doxycycline, oxytetracycline, tilmicosin, and lincomycin-spectinomycin at MIC50values of 0.0391, 0.0098, 0.0781, 0.1563, 0.1563, 0.625 and 0.625 μg/mL, respectively; and resistance to enrofloxacin at MIC50value of 10 μg/mL. In conclusion, this study revealed diagnostic assays for differentiating MS strains and the antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of Thai MS,which are necessary to design suitable MS control procedures for poultry flocks.
The use of kiosks to improve triage efficiency in the emergency department
Authors: Joseph Michael Jose , Summerscales Matthew , Yogesan Saieesha , Bell Anthony , Genevieve Michele , Kanagasingam Yogesan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractTriage is a system used to prioritise patients as they enter the emergency department (ED) based on their need for urgent care. In recent decades, EDs have becoming increasingly overcrowded, leading to longer pre-triage waiting times for patients. E-triage interventions like kiosks have been proposed as a solution to overcrowding. We conducted a literature review into the effectiveness of kiosks in improving triage efficiency. After rigorously searching five biomedical databases and screening candidate articles in Endnote, we identified nine papers pertaining to the introduction of kiosks in emergency departments. Six articles had positive findings—with E-triage interventions improving some aspect of the triage process—such as reducing pre-triage times. Conversely, only three articles reported negative findings, such as low uptake. Consequently, EDs should consider introducing kiosks to complement the current nurse-led triage process and thereby promote better patient outcomes.
A tablet-based game for the assessment of visual motor skills in autistic children
Authors: Perochon Sam , Matias Di Martino J. , Carpenter Kimberly L. H. , Compton Scott , Davis Naomi , Espinosa Steven , Franz Lauren , Rieder Amber D. , Sullivan Connor , Sapiro Guillermo , Dawson Geraldine 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIncreasing evidence suggests that early motor impairments are a common feature of autism. Thus, scalable, quantitative methods for measuring motor behavior in young autistic children are needed. This work presents an engaging and scalable assessment of visual-motor abilities based on a bubble-popping game administered on a tablet. Participants are 233 children ranging from 1.5 to 10 years of age (147 neurotypical children and 86 children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder [autistic], of which 32 are also diagnosed with co-occurring attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder [autistic+ADHD]). Computer vision analyses are used to extract several game-based touch features, which are compared across autistic, autistic+ADHD, and neurotypical participants. Results show that younger (1.5-3 years) autistic children pop the bubbles at a lower rate, and their ability to touch the bubble’s center is less accurate compared to neurotypical children. When they pop a bubble, their finger lingers for a longer period, and they show more variability in their performance. In older children (3-10-years), consistent with previous research, the presence of co-occurring ADHD is associated with greater motor impairment, reflected in lower accuracy and more variable performance. Several motor features are correlated with standardized assessments of fine motor and cognitive abilities, as evaluated by an independent clinical assessment. These results highlight the potential of touch-based games as an efficient and scalable approach for assessing children’s visual-motor skills, which can be part of a broader screening tool for identifying early signs associated with autism.
Constructing coarse-grained skyrmion potentials from experimental data with Iterative Boltzmann Inversion
Authors: Ge Yuqing , Rothörl Jan , Brems Maarten A. , Kerber Nico , Gruber Raphael , Dohi Takaaki , Kläui Mathias , Virnau Peter 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn an effort to understand skyrmion behavior on a coarse-grained level, skyrmions are often described as 2D quasiparticles evolving according to the Thiele equation. Interaction potentials are the key missing parameters for predictive modeling of experiments. Here, the Iterative Boltzmann Inversion technique commonly used in soft matter simulations is applied to construct potentials for skyrmion-skyrmion and skyrmion-magnetic material boundary interactions from a single experimental measurement without any prior assumptions of the potential form. It is found that the two interactions are purely repulsive and can be described by an exponential function for micrometer-sized skyrmions in a ferromagnetic thin film multilayer stack. This captures the physics on experimental length and time scales that are of interest for most skyrmion applications and typically inaccessible to atomistic or micromagnetic simulations.