bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characteristics, clinical outcomes and patient-reported outcomes of patients with ulcerative colitis receiving tofacitinib: a real-world survey in the United States and five European countries
Authors: Armuzzi Alessandro , Hart Ailsa , Cappelleri Joseph C. , Mammar Nadir , Hur Peter , Hoskin Benjamin , Hennessy Fritha , Milligan Gary , Dignass Axel 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
To describe variations in treatment patterns, clinical outcomes, patient-reported outcomes (PRO), and physician and patient satisfaction in patients with moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis (UC) treated with tofacitinib in a real-world setting.

Methods
Data were drawn from the Adelphi UC Disease Specific Programme™, a point-in-time survey of physicians and their consulting patients in the US and Europe. For inclusion in this analysis, gastroenterologists completed medical record forms for the next seven consecutive consulting patients with confirmed UC, plus a further two patient record forms for patients treated with tofacitinib. Those same patients then completed a patient-reported questionnaire.

Results
Gastroenterologists (n = 340) provided data for 2049 patients with UC, including 642 patients receiving tofacitinib. Physicians’ most frequent reason for choosing tofacitinib was overall efficacy (71.3% of patients). The proportion of patients in remission increased with length of treatment, from 13.7% at [0, 4) weeks to 68.3% at [52+] weeks. Both physicians and patients reported that the Mayo components of stool frequency and blood in stool were reduced with time on treatment. Improvement in symptoms (bloody diarrhea, abdominal pain/cramps, urgency, rectal bleeding, fatigue/tiredness) was reported in the first weeks of treatment, and increased with time. At week [52+], mean score reductions from treatment initiation to current in overall symptom severity, pain, and fatigue were 2.2 (to a current mean score of 1.1), 2.2 (to 0.9), and 2.1 (to 1.0), respectively. Comparing patients at weeks [0, 4) and [52+] (all PROs, p < 0.0001), the increase in EQ-5D-5L index total score was 0.29 points and in SIBDQ total score was 20.5 points; percent reductions in WPAI absenteeism was 34.4%, presenteeism 26.8%, overall work impairment 40.9% and activity impairment was 28.3%. These changes reached the thresholds for minimally clinically important differences. The majority of physicians (91.9%) and patients (93.5%) were satisfied with tofacitinib at week [52+].

Conclusion
Patients with moderate-to-severe UC treated with tofacitinib show considerable improvement in symptoms and quality of life from tofacitinib initiation to one year and beyond, with high rates of remission. Physicians and patients report satisfaction with UC control at recommended doses in a mostly biologic experienced population.
Expression and function of myelin expression factor 2 in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Peng , Zhao Jiang-Hua , Chen Lin , Bian Zhao-Lian , Ju Lin-Ling , Wang Hui-Xuan , Cai Wei-Hua 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumours in the world and has a high mortality rate. However, the pathogenesis of HCC remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the potential biomarkers of HCC.

Methods
ONCOMINE, HCCDB and THE HUMAN PROTEIN ATLAS were used to identify myelin expression factor 2 (MYEF2) as a potential biomarker for HCC. The Cancer Genome Atlas database was used to further validate and analyse the value of MYEF2. Kaplan–Meier Plotter was used for the prognostic analysis. The COX regression model and Kaplan–Meier method were used to investigate the clinical value of MYEF2 in the prognosis of HCC by reviewing the survival status of patients. Fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expressions of the MYEF2 mRNA and protein in HCC tissues and cell lines. qPCR and Western blotting were used to validate the efficiency of MYEF2 knockout and overexpression in HCC cells. The invasion and migration abilities regulated by MYEF2 were detected by performing transwell and wound healing assays.

Results
MYEF2 is significantly upregulated in HCC and is mainly located in the nucleus of HCC cells. MYEF2 expression is significantly associated with the tumour stage, histological grade and TNM stage. High MYEF2 expression is an independent prognostic factor for patients with HCC. Functionally, elevated MYEF2 facilitated cell migration and invasion in vitro. In contrast, decreased MYEF2 inhibited cell migration and invasion.

Conclusions
MYEF2 may be a novel biomarker with potential diagnosis and prognosis values and as a potential therapeutic target for HCC.
Distinguishing nontuberculous mycobacterial lung disease and Mycobacterium tuberculosis lung disease on X-ray images using deep transfer learning
Authors: Park Minwoo , Lee Youjin , Kim Sangil , Kim Young-Jin , Kim Shin Young , Kim Yeongsic , Kim Hyun-Min 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Nontuberculous mycobacterial lung disease (NTM-LD) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis lung disease (MTB-LD) have similar clinical characteristics. Therefore, NTM-LD is sometimes incorrectly diagnosed with MTB-LD and treated incorrectly. To solve these difficulties, we aimed to distinguish the two diseases in chest X-ray images using deep learning technology, which has been used in various fields recently.

Methods
We retrospectively collected chest X-ray images from 3314 patients infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) or nontuberculosis mycobacterium (NTM). After selecting the data according to the diagnostic criteria, various experiments were conducted to create the optimal deep learning model. A performance comparison was performed with the radiologist. Additionally, the model performance was verified using newly collected MTB-LD and NTM-LD patient data.

Results
Among the implemented deep learning models, the ensemble model combining EfficientNet B4 and ResNet 50 performed the best in the test data. Also, the ensemble model outperformed the radiologist on all evaluation metrics. In addition, the accuracy of the ensemble model was 0.85 for MTB-LD and 0.78 for NTM-LD on an additional validation dataset consisting of newly collected patients.

Conclusions
In previous studies, it was known that it was difficult to distinguish between MTB-LD and NTM-LD in chest X-ray images, but we have successfully distinguished the two diseases using deep learning methods. This study has the potential to aid clinical decisions if the two diseases need to be differentiated.
Prevalence and incidence of chronic kidney disease stage 3–5 – results from KidDiCo
Authors: Kampmann Jan Dominik , Heaf James Goya , Mogensen Christian Backer , Mickley Hans , Wolff Donna Lykke , Brandt Frans 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global challenge. CKD prevalence estimation is central to management strategies and prevention. It is necessary to predict end stage kidney disease (ESKD) and, subsequently, the burden for healthcare systems. In this study we characterize CKD stage 3–5 prevalence and incidence in a cohort covering the majority of the Region of Southern Denmark and investigate individuals’ demographic, socioeconomic, and comorbidity status.

Methods
We used data from the Kidney Disease Cohort (KidDiCo) combining laboratory data from Southern Denmark with Danish national databases. Chronic kidney disease was defined according to the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) guidelines.

Results
The prevalence varied between 4.83 and 4.98% and incidence rate of CKD was 0.49%/year. The median age was 76.4 years. The proportion of individuals with CKD stage 3–5 in the entire population increased consistently with age. The percentage of women in the CKD 3–5 group was higher than in the background population. Diabetes mellitus, hypertension and cardiovascular disease were more prominent in patients with CKD. CKD stage 5 and ESKD were more frequent as incident CKD stages in the 18–49 year olds when compared to older individuals. CKD patients tended to have a lower socioeconomic status.

Conclusion
Chronic kidney disease stage 3–5 is common, especially in the elderly. Patients with CKD stage 3–5 are predominantly female. The KidDiCo data suggests an association between lower socioeconomic status and prevalence of CKD.
Association of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and D-dimer with functional outcome in patients with cerebral venous sinus thrombosis
Authors: Sun Rui , Huang Feihong , Wu Wen , Yin Ge , Ding Qichao , Gu Zhengsheng , Fan Cunxiu , Song Chenrui , Liang Meng , Liu Xiaobei , Bi Xiaoying 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Investigations on the risk factors for the prognosis of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) are limited. This study aimed to explore whether specific inflammatory factors and coagulation indictors are associated with functional outcome in patients treated for CVST.

Methods
This retrospective study included 137 patients admitted to our hospital between January 2010 and October 2021. The functional outcome was assessed with the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score at discharge. Patients were divided into two groups, 102 patients with favorable outcomes (mRS 0-1) and 35 patients with poor outcomes (mRS 2-6). The clinical indexes were compared between two groups. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify the independent influencing factors for poor outcomes of CVST patients. The prognostic indicators were analyzed using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.

Results
Compared with the favorable outcome group, the incidence of impaired consciousness and brain lesion, the levels of D-dimer, RDW, neutrophil count, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and red blood cell distribution width to platelet ratio (%) on admission were significantly higher in the poor outcome group, while the level of lymphocyte count was significantly lower. After multivariable logistic regression analysis, baseline D-dimer level (odds ratio (OR), 1.180; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.019-1.366, P = 0.027) and NLR (OR, 1.903; 95%CI, 1.232-2.938, P = 0.004) were significantly associated with unfavorable outcome at discharge. The ROC curve analysis showed that the areas under the curve of D-dimer, NLR and their combined detection for predicting worse outcome were 0.719, 0.707 and 0.786, respectively.

Conclusions
Elevated D-dimer level and NLR on admission were associated with an increased risk of poor functional outcome in patients with CVST.
Patient perspectives on considerations, tradeoffs, and experiences with multiple myeloma treatment selection: a qualitative descriptive study
Authors: Dombeck Carrie , Swezey Teresa , Gonzalez Sepulveda Juan Marcos , Reeve Bryce B. , LeBlanc Thomas W. , Chandler David , Corneli Amy 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Advances in multiple myeloma treatment and a proliferation of treatment options have resulted in improved survival rates and periods of symptom-free remission for many multiple myeloma patients. As a result, health-related quality of life (HRQoL) concerns related to myeloma treatments have become increasingly salient for this patient population and represent an important consideration guiding patients’ treatment choices. To gain an understanding of patients’ experiences with choosing myeloma therapies and explore the HRQoL concerns that are most important to them, we interviewed a diverse sample of US-based multiple myeloma patients about their treatment considerations.

Methods
We conducted a qualitative descriptive study using in-depth interviews. Participants reflected on (1) the factors that were most important to them when thinking about multiple myeloma treatment and how these have changed over time, (2) how they might weigh the importance of treatment efficacy vs. side effects, (3) trade-offs they would be willing to make regarding efficacy vs. HRQoL, and (4) treatment changes they had experienced. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed, and narratives were analyzed using applied thematic analysis.

Results
We interviewed 21 patients, heterogeneous in their disease trajectory and treatment experience. Participants were 36 to 78 years, 52% female, and 38% Black. Efficacy was named as the most important treatment consideration by almost two-thirds of participants, and over half also valued HRQoL aspects such as the ability to maintain daily functioning and enjoyment of life. Participants expressed concern about potential treatment side effects and preferred more convenient treatment options. Although participants stated largely trusting their clinicians’ treatment recommendations, many said they would stop a clinician-recommended treatment if it negatively impacted their HRQoL. Participants also said that while they prioritized treatment efficacy, they would be willing to change to a less efficacious treatment if side effects became intolerable.

Conclusions
Our findings link to other reports reflecting considerations that are important to multiple myeloma patients, including the importance placed on increasing life expectancy and progression-free survival, but also the tension between treatment efficacy and quality of life. Our results extend these findings to a racially diverse US-based patient population at different stages in the disease trajectory.
The effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy as a transdiagnostic intervention for transitional-age youth: study protocol of a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Keulen Janna , Matthijssen Denise , Schraven Jacquelijne , Deković Maja , Bodden Denise 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Although the prevalence of psychological problems in transitional-age youth (i.e., youth aged 15 to 25; TAY) is high, TAY are much less likely to receive age-appropriate treatments for their psychological problems compared to younger adolescents or older adults. Hence, effective interventions for TAY seem warranted. ACT your way is a transdiagnostic treatment, specifically developed for TAY, based on the principles of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT). ACT your way is not directed primarily at symptom reduction, but mainly aims to change the underlying mechanism of psychopathology, namely increasing TAY’s psychological flexibility. Meta-analyses show that ACT is an effective treatment for adults with diverse types of psychopathology. Less is known about the effectiveness of ACT for TAY. Therefore, the goal of this study is to examine the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of ACT your way. In addition, we will investigate for whom and under what circumstances (i.e., moderators) and how (i.e., mediators) the intervention is (most) effective.

Method
The study is designed as a multi-centre, randomized controlled trial. In total, 140 TAY diagnosed with any psychological disorder will be randomly assigned to either the ACT your way or treatment as usual (TAU) condition. In total, six assessments will be conducted: at baseline, after 3, 6 and 9 sessions, at post-intervention and at 6-month follow-up, using multiple informants (TAY, parents/caregivers, therapists). Assessments will include diagnostic interviews and questionnaires. The primary outcomes are psychological flexibility and number of DSM-5 diagnoses; the secondary outcomes are the presence of the primary DSM-5 diagnosis, psychopathology, personality problems, global, individual and societal functioning, quality of life, stress, treatment satisfaction, treatment drop-out and therapeutic alliance. We will also assess costs and various moderators (i.e., demographic characteristics, type and severity of problems, psychopathology of parents/caregivers, treatment expectancy and previous treatments) and mediators (i.e., psychological flexibility, emotion regulation, self-compassion, autonomy, perfectionism, self-esteem and group cohesion).

Discussion
To our knowledge, this is the first study investigating the (cost-)effectiveness of ACT compared to TAU in clinically referred TAY with various types of psychopathology, using a rigorous design.

Trial registration
The research project is registered in the Dutch Trial Register (Trial NL9642).
Associations between gestational weight gain and adverse neonatal outcomes: a comparison between the US and the Chinese guidelines in Chinese women with twin pregnancies
Authors: Liang Feng , Lin Yun , Li Ling , Yang Chuanzi , Li Xiaojun , Li Kuanrong 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Appropriate gestational weight gain (GWG) is essential for maternal and fetal health. For twin pregnancies among Caucasian women, the Institute of Medicine (IOM) guidelines can be used to monitor and guide GWG. We aimed to externally validate and compare the IOM guidelines and the recently released guidelines for Chinese women with twin pregnancies regarding the applicability of their recommendations on total GWG (TGWG).

Method
A retrospective cohort study of 1534 women who were aged 18–45 years and gave birth to twins at ≥ 26 gestational weeks between October 2016 and June 2020 was conducted in Guangzhou, China. Women's TGWG was categorized into inadequate, optimal, and excess per the IOM and the Chinese guidelines. Multivariable generalized estimating equations logistic regression was used to estimate the risk associations between TGWG categories and adverse neonatal outcomes. Cohen’s Kappa coefficient was calculated to evaluate the agreement between the IOM and the Chinese guidelines.

Results
Defined by either the IOM or the Chinese guidelines, women with inadequate TGWG, compared with those with optimal TGWG, demonstrated higher risks of small-for-gestational-age birth and neonatal jaundice, while women with excess TGWG had a higher risk of delivering large-for-gestational-age infants. The agreement between the two guidelines was relatively high (Kappa coefficient = 0.721). Compared with those in the optimal TGWG group by both sets of the guidelines, women classified into the optimal group by the Chinese guidelines but into the inadequate group by the IOM guidelines (n = 214) demonstrated a statistically non-significant increase in the risk of all the adverse neonatal outcomes combined.

Conclusions
The IOM and the Chinese guidelines are both applicable to Chinese women with twin pregnancies.
Monitoring gestational weight gain: setting up a regional surveillance system in Italy
Authors: Pani Paola , Carletti Claudia , Giangreco Manuela , Knowles Alessandra , Clagnan Elena , Gobbato Michele , Del Zotto Stefania , Cattaneo Adriano , Ronfani Luca ,   on behalf of the Gestational Weight Survey Group (GWS group), Businelli Caterina , De Grassi Maura , Dovier Enrica , Glavina Alessandra , Lazzari Valentina , Tomasi Cristina , Verardi Giuseppa , Michelesio Elisa , Capodicasa Valentina , Citossi Alessandra , Driul Lorenza , Fasan Jessica , Mattiussi Chiara , Vogrig Emanuela , Xodo Serena , Gianesini Anna , Lorenzon Diletta , Maccor Stefania , Pecile Ilaria , Pignat Marzia , Banco Rubina , De Zuane Giulia , Raccanelli Silvia , Zampis Carmen , Basaldella Fiorenza , Boscarol Giulia , Degenhardt Diletta , Filipaz Noemi , Gaetani Diandra , Giornelli Roberta , Godeas Gloria , Zippo Rosa Valentina , Cescutti Paola , Ianni Annalisa , Stefanutti Caterina , Alloi Cristina , Magrini Francesca , Pecci Lucia 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
In many countries, including Italy, there are few national data on pre-pregnancy Body Mass Index (BMI) and gestational weight gain (GWG), despite these being important predictors of maternal and neonatal health outcomes. This dearth of information makes it difficult to develop and monitor intervention policies to reduce the burden of disease linked to inadequate BMI status and/or GWG in pregnant women. This study describes the setting up and initial implementation of a regional surveillance system on pre-pregnancy BMI and GWG.

Methods
Between 1 January 2017 and 31 December 2018, anthropometric data were collected from all pregnant women accessing public health services in the Friuli Venezia Giulia region (Italy) for first ultrasound check (T1) and at delivery (T2). Anthropometric data collected at T1 (self-reported pre-pregnancy weight and measured weight and height) and T2 (measured weight and self-reported pre-pregnancy weight and height) were compared.

Results
The system was able to reach 43.8% of all the women who gave birth in the region, and provided complete data for 6400 women of the 7188 who accessed the services at T1. At the beginning of pregnancy 447 (7.0%) women were underweight, 4297 (67.1%) had normal weight, 1131 (17.7%) were overweight and 525 (8.2%) had obesity. At delivery, 2306 (36.0%) women were within the appropriate weight gain range, while for 2021 (31.6%) weight gain was insufficient and for 2073 (32.4%) excessive. Only minor differences were observed between measured and self-reported anthropometric data.

Conclusions
The surveillance system offers an overview of the weight status of women during pregnancy. About 1/3 of women entered pregnancy with unsatisfactory BMI and 2/3 did not achieve the recommended weight gain. This surveillance system can be an effective tool to guide public health interventions.
Comparision of Ligasure hemorrhoidectomy and conservative treatment for thrombosed external hemorrhoids (TEH) in pregnancy
Authors: Luo Huihua , He Xiaojun , Wang Min , Zheng Xiaosong , Peng Rong , Wang Chenwei , Li Qiu , Yang Bolin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Ligasure hemorrhoidectomy for thrombosed external hemorrhoids in pregnancy has been rarely studied.

Objective
The purpose of this article is to study the efficacy and safety of Ligasure hemorrhoidectomy comparing with conservative treatment for thrombosed external hemorrhoids in pregnancy.

Design
This was a retrospective cohort study.

Setting
The patients were treated at a tertiary referral center in China.

Patients
94 pregnant patients hospitalized for thrombosed external hemorrhoids from September 2020 to December 2021.

Interventions
Ligasure hemorrhoidectomy treatment or conservative treatment according to the patient’s wishes.

Main outcome measures
Symptom relief, recurrence and satisfaction of thrombosed external hemorrhoids in pregnancy with different interventions.

Results
There were no differences between groups in maternal age, gestational age, body mass index, parity, constipation and a prior history of thrombosed external hemorrhoids. The pain scores were less in surgical group than in conservative group in post-treatment days 1 and 7. Time to return to normal activities was shorter in surgical group than in conservative group (6.51 vs. 13.52 days, P < 0.001). Post-treatment complications were mild in surgical group and there were no significant differences concerning the rate of abortion, preterm birth, cesarean delivery and weight of fetus. Recurrence rate was significantly lower in surgical group (8.57% vs. 30.43%, P = 0.017). The patient satisfaction scores were significantly higher in surgical group than in conservative group (Z = − 2.979, P = 0.003).

Limitations
This was a retrospective study with a limited number of patients, the data was obtained from only one center.

Conclusions
Comparing with conservative treatment, Ligasure hemorrhoidectomy for TEH in pregnancy results in more rapid pain relief, shorter time to return to normal activities, lower incidence of recurrence, and better patient satisfaction. This type of surgery has low and mild postoperative complications, is not attended by any risk to the mother or her fetus.