bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychosocial impact of being diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment: patient and carer perspective
Authors: Munawar Nida , Kennedy Liam , Usman Memoona , Burgui Diana , Bruce Irene , Robinson David , Greene Elaine 
Published: July 2023

Background
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) may represent an intermediate, prodromal phase of dementia. Although persons with MCI (PwMCI) are able to function independently, they often experience reduced ability to carry out their usual activities. This can result in social, emotional and functional challenges.

Aims
To explore the understanding and psychosocial impact of receiving a diagnosis of MCI on patients and carers.

Method
A cross-sectional cohort study was conducted at St James's Hospital Memory Clinic involving patients who attended the clinic for assessment from 1 January 2020 to 30 April 2021 and received a diagnosis of MCI. We completed questionnaires with patients and a nominated family member or friend of each patient (FwMCI).

Results
Forty-seven PwMCI participated in the study, and 36 nominated family members and/or friends completed the FwMCI questionnaire. In our cohort of PwMCI, most of the participants were not aware of their diagnosis; only 21% used the term MCI, and only 25% attributed their problems to a pathological cause. The majority of participants had no recollection of any discussion around the likelihood of progression. One-third of participants expressed relief that they did not have dementia. Most PwMCI reported positive psychological well-being and did not endorse symptoms of depression or anxiety. There was slight discordance of illness perception among the PwMCI–FwMCI dyads. Forty-seven per cent of FwMCI reported at least a mild degree of carer burden on the Zarit Burden Scale.

Conclusions
Patients’ awareness of being diagnosed with MCI is relatively limited. Public education campaigns raising awareness about MCI can help influence the ‘illness representation’ for MCI and enable people to seek timely advice and support.
Association of cannabis, cannabidiol and synthetic cannabinoid use with mental health in UK adolescents
Authors: Hotham James , Cannings-John Rebecca , Moore Laurence , Hawkins Jemma , Bonell Chris , Hickman Matthew , Zammit Stanley , Hines Lindsey A. , Adara Linda , Townson Julia , White James 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundCannabis has been associated with poorer mental health, but little is known of the effect of synthetic cannabinoids or cannabidiol (often referred to as CBD).AimsTo investigate associations of cannabis, synthetic cannabinoids and cannabidiol with mental health in adolescence.MethodWe conducted a cross-sectional analysis with 13- to 14-year-old adolescents across England and Wales in 2019–2020. Multilevel logistic regression was used to examine the association of lifetime use of cannabis, synthetic cannabinoids and cannabidiol with self-reported symptoms of probable depression, anxiety, conduct disorder and auditory hallucinations.ResultsOf the 6672 adolescents who participated, 5.2% reported using of cannabis, 1.9% reported using cannabidiol and 0.6% reported using synthetic cannabinoids. After correction for multiple testing, adolescents who had used these substances were significantly more likely to report a probable depressive, anxiety or conduct disorder, as well as auditory hallucinations, than those who had not. Adjustment for socioeconomic disadvantage had little effect on associations, but weekly tobacco use resulted in marked attenuation of associations. The association of cannabis use with probable anxiety and depressive disorders was weaker in those who reported using cannabidiol than those who did not. There was little evidence of an interaction between synthetic cannabinoids and cannabidiol.ConclusionsTo our knowledge, this study provides the first general population evidence that synthetic cannabinoids and cannabidiol are associated with probable mental health disorders in adolescence. These associations require replication, ideally with prospective cohorts and stronger study designs.
Transcriptional Profiling and Consensus Molecular Subtype Assignment to Understand Response and Resistance to Anti–Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Therapy in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Chowdhury Saikat , Gupta Ria , Millstein Joshua , Lin Kangyu , Haridas Valsala , Zeineddine Mohammad A. , Parseghian Christine , Lenz Heinz-Josef , Kopetz Scott , Shen John Paul 
Published: July 2023

PURPOSE Activating mutations in KRAS, NRAS, and BRAF are known to cause resistance to anti–epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) therapy; however, only approximately 40% of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) with RAS WT tumors respond to anti-EGFR treatment. We sought to discover novel biomarkers to predict response to anti-EGFR antibody treatment in CRC and to understand mechanisms of resistance to anti-EGFR therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Transcriptomic profiles from three clinical and two preclinical cohorts treated with cetuximab were used to assign consensus molecular subtypes (CMS) to each sample and correlated with outcomes. RESULTS Restricting to RAS WT patients, we observed that CMS2 tumors (canonical subtype) had significantly higher response rates relative to other CMS when treated with cetuximab combination with doublet chemotherapy (Okita et al cohort: 92% disease control rate (DCR) for CMS2, chi-square P = .04; CALGB/SWOG 80405 cohort: 90% objective response rate (ORR) for CMS2, chi-square P < .001) and with single-agent cetuximab (68%, chi-square P = .01). CMS2 tumors showed best response among right-sided (ORR = 80%) and left-sided (ORR = 92%) tumors in the CALGB/SWOG 80405 cohort. CMS2 cells lines were most likely to be sensitive to cetuximab (60%) and CMS2 patient-derived xenograft had the highest DCR (84%). We found Myc, E2F, and mammalian target of rapamycin pathways were consistently upregulated in resistant samples (enrichment score >1, false discovery rate <0.25). Inhibitors of these pathways in resistant cell lines exhibited additive effects with cetuximab. CONCLUSION These data suggest that CRC transcriptional profiles, when used to assign CMS, provide additional ability to predict response to anti-EGFR therapy relative to using tumor sidedness alone. Notably both right-sided and left-sided CMS2 tumors had excellent response, suggesting that anti-EGFR therapy be included as a treatment option for right-sided CMS2 tumors.
Sagnac interferometry and self-Kerr nonlinearity dependent photon drag
Authors: Ullah Sana , Ullah Arif , Bacha Bakht Amin , Javed Muhammad 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
We present a theoretical investigation of the photon drag by incorporating self-Kerr nonlinearity (SKN) in a Sagnac interferometer featuring a four-level atomic system. By introducing SKN in the system, we demonstrate significant improvements in the photon drag angles, ranging from ±10 micro-radians to ±1 centi-radians. Additionally, the presence of SKN leads to electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT), reduced group velocities, and a positive group index enhancement within the system. Conversely, in the absence of SKN, a negative group index is observed, accompanied by larger group velocities and minimal photon drag angles. The results obtained may have potential applications in various fields, such as slow-light detection, controlled image coding/design, efficient light modulators, and phase-matching in Brillouin scattering.
Turning Counterhegemony into Hegemony
Authors: Eslen-Ziya Hande , Kazanoğlu Nazlı 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis article attempts to show how government-supported women’s NGOs (GO-NGOs) in Turkey actively contribute to the construction of neoliberal, conservative, antigender discourses of the Justice and Development Party (AKP) government. Since the second decade of the 2000s, Turkey has undergone rapid de-democratization as a result of AKP’s election victories, which have brought with them a major backlash against gender equality policies. Moreover, a new political discourse constructed by the government has replaced the concept of gender equality with gender justice and gender equity. Relying on seven semistructured in-depth interviews with members of GO-NGOs and a review of primary and secondary documents, this article contends that the civil society established under the so-called New Turkey situates it in the construction of antigender and antiwomen’s rights discourse.
Assortment Optimization with Multi-Item Basket Purchase Under Multivariate MNL Model
Authors: Jasin Stefanus , Lyu Chengyi , Najafi Sajjad , Zhang Huanan 
Published: July 2023

Problem definition: Assortment selection is one of the most important decisions faced by retailers. Most existing papers in the literature assume that customers select at most one item out of the offered assortment. Although this is valid in some cases, it contradicts practical observations in many shopping experiences, both in online and brick-and-mortar retail, where customers may buy a basket of products instead of a single item. In this paper, we incorporate customers’ multi-item purchase behavior into the assortment optimization problem. We consider both the uncapacitated and capacitated assortment problems under the so-called Multivariate MNL (MVMNL) model, which is one of the most popular multivariate choice models used in the marketing and empirical literature. Methodology/results: We first show that the traditional revenue-ordered assortment may not be optimal. Nonetheless, we show that under some mild conditions, a certain variant of this property holds (in the uncapacitated assortment problem) under the MVMNL model; that is, the optimal assortment consists of revenue-ordered local assortments in each product category. Finding the optimal assortment even when there is no interaction among product categories is still computationally expensive because the revenue thresholds for different categories cannot be computed separately. To tackle the computational complexity, we develop FPTAS for several variants of (capacitated and uncapacitated) assortment problems under MVMNL. Managerial implications: Our analysis reveals that disregarding customers’ multi-item purchase behavior in assortment decisions can indeed have a significant negative impact on profitability, demonstrating its practical importance in retail. We numerically show that our proposed algorithm can improve a retailer’s expected total revenues (compared with a benchmark policy that does not properly take into account the impact of customers’ multi-item choice behavior in assortment decision) by up to 14%. Supplemental Material: The e-companion is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2021.0526 .
Externalities in Queues as Stochastic Processes: The Case of FCFS M/G/1
Authors: Jacobovic Royi , Mandjes Michel 
Published: July 2023

Externalities are the costs that a user of a common resource imposes on others. In the context of an FCFS M/G/1 queue, where a customer with service demand [Formula: see text] arrives when the workload level is [Formula: see text], the externality [Formula: see text] is the total waiting time that could be saved if this customer gave up on their service demand. In this work, we analyze the externalities process [Formula: see text]. It is shown that this process can be represented by an integral of a (shifted in time by v) compound Poisson process with a positive discrete jump distribution, so that [Formula: see text] is convex. Furthermore, we compute the Laplace-Stieltjes transform of the finite-dimensional distributions of [Formula: see text] and its mean and auto-covariance functions. We also identify conditions under which a sequence of normalized externalities processes admits a weak convergence on [Formula: see text] equipped with the uniform metric to an integral of a (shifted in time by v) standard Wiener process. Finally, we also consider the extended framework when v is a general nonnegative random variable which is independent from the arrival process and the service demands. Our analysis leads to substantial generalizations of the results presented in the existing literature. Funding: This research was supported by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme [Marie Skłodowska-Curie Grant Agreement 945045] and the NWO Gravitation project NETWORKS [Grant 024.002.003].
Seeking support for abortion care from national hotlines in Canada: Caller characteristics and call outcomes, 2019–2021
Authors: Demont Carly , Doctoroff Jill , Neron Britt , Foster Angel M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectivesBoth the National Abortion Federation Canada and Action Canada for Sexual Health and Rights operate national toll‐free hotlines that provide information, financial support, and travel assistance to abortion seekers. We aimed to characterize callers to both hotlines before and after the onset of the COVID‐19 pandemic.MethodsHotline personnel routinely document information about callers and type(s) of assistance needed and received. We received call logs from both organizations for a two‐year period (April 1, 2019 through March 31, 2021). We exported these data to Microsoft Excel® and analyzed them using descriptive statistics. We analyzed case notes for content and themes.ResultsOver the study period, the two hotlines worked with 270 unique callers. Nearly two‐thirds of callers (n = 174) were seeking support to obtain abortion care for pregnancies after 14 weeks gestation, including 69 callers (26%) who were at or beyond 24 weeks gestation. Most callers were seeking support to obtain abortion care outside of their province of residence because services at their gestational age were not available. Caller needs were similar before and after the onset of the pandemic, but fewer traveled to the United States for abortion care in the COVID‐19 era.DiscussionAssistance hotlines play an important role in helping some abortion seekers navigate the Canadian health system to obtain needed abortion care. The needs of those seeking care after the 14 weeks gestation points to gaps in current service availability. Identifying ways to expand later abortion care in Canada, particularly after 24 weeks, appears warranted.
Phase analysis for focus plane detection in digital inline holography: application to three-dimensional locations of drops and threads in a beads-on-a-string structure
Authors: Noury Robin , Renoult Marie-Charlotte , Godard Gilles , Lebrun Denis 
Published: July 2023

Three-dimensional (3D) phase maps are used in a digital inline holography system to measure the coordinates of tiny particles. The phase signature, previously applied to spherical particles by Yang et al. [Opt. Lett. 31, 1399 (2006)OPLEDP0146-959210.1364/OL.31.001399], is extended here to the case of an infinite cylindrical filament to determine the optimal focus plane. The practical implementation of this method is described. Simulations show that this technique provides a very efficient tool to examine the 3D coordinates of micrometric objects. A practical application is given with the investigation of the dynamics of beads-on-a-string structures under an air flow current. These structures, obtained by stretching a viscoelastic fluid element, are of particular interest in this study, since they are characterized by several quasi-spherical beads (i.e., drops) linked by a quasi-cylindrical filament (i.e., thread).
Time series analyses based on the joint lagged effect analysis of pollution and meteorological factors of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and the construction of prediction model
Authors: Chen Ye , Hou Weiming , Dong Jing 
Published: July 2023

Background
Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is a rodent-related zoonotic disease induced by hantavirus. Previous studies have identified the influence of meteorological factors on the onset of HFRS, but few studies have focused on the stratified analysis of the lagged effects and interactions of pollution and meteorological factors on HFRS.

Methods
We collected meteorological, contaminant and epidemiological data on cases of HFRS in Shenyang from 2005–2019. A seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average (SARIMA) model was used to predict the incidence of HFRS and compared with Holt-Winters three-parameter exponential smoothing model. A distributed lag nonlinear model (DLNM) with a maximum lag period of 16 days was applied to assess the lag, stratification and extreme effects of pollution and meteorological factors on HFRS cases, followed by a generalized additive model (GAM) to explore the interaction of SO2 and two other meteorological factors on HFRS cases.

Results
The SARIMA monthly model has better fit and forecasting power than its own quarterly model and the Holt-Winters model, with an optimal model of (1,1,0) (2,1,0)12. Overall, environmental factors including humidity, wind speed and SO2 were correlated with the onset of HFRS and there was a non-linear exposure-lag-response association. Extremely high SO2 increased the risk of HFRS incidence, with the maximum RR values: 2.583 (95%CI:1.145,5.827). Extremely low windy and low SO2 played a significant protective role on HFRS infection, with the minimum RR values: 0.487 (95%CI:0.260,0.912) and 0.577 (95%CI:0.370,0.898), respectively. Interaction indicated that the risk of HFRS infection reached its highest when increasing daily SO2 and decreasing humidity.

Conclusions
The SARIMA model may help to enhance the forecast of monthly HFRS incidence based on a long-range dataset. Our study had shown that environmental factors such as humidity and SO2 have a delayed effect on the occurrence of HFRS and that the effect of humidity can be influenced by SO2 and wind speed. Public health professionals should take greater care in controlling HFRS in low humidity, low windy conditions and 2–3 days after SO2 levels above 200 μg/m3.
Attitudes and perceptions of undergraduate nursing students towards the nursing profession
Authors: Neumbe Irene Mildred , Ssenyonga Lydia , Soita David Jonah , Iramiot Jacob Stanley , Nekaka Rebecca 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundNursing students either possess positive or negative attitudes and perceptions about the nursing profession. Their attitudes towards the profession depict the quality of care they will offer to patients upon qualification. This study aimed to determine the attitudes and perceptions of undergraduate nursing students towards their profession.MethodsThis equal-status mixed methods study involved a census sample of 165 nursing students from year one to year four in two public universities in Uganda. Attitude Scale for Nursing Profession was used to collect quantitative data in the period between 20/11/2021 and 22/01/2022. Focus group discussions were held to collect qualitative data about the perceptions.ResultsMajority of the students (81.8%) had positive attitudes towards the nursing profession. There was a significant difference in attitudes based on year of study and entry scheme (R2 = 0.12, F = 2.21, p = 0.01). Nursing was perceived as a poorly remunerated, unpopular profession with bias towards recruitment of lower cadres.ConclusionThe results of this study showed that the attitudes of undergraduate nursing students towards the nursing profession were positive but their perceptions about the nursing profession were negative. An interventional study is recommended to facilitate a more positive change among nursing students.
Changes in context, typology and programme outcomes between early and recent periods of sex work among young female sex workers in Mombasa, Kenya: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Bhattacharjee Parinita , Isac Shajy , Musyoki Helgar , Gichangi Peter , Ma Huiting , Becker Marissa , Hontelez Jan , Mishra Sharmistha ,   on behalf of the Transitions team
Published: July 2023

Introduction
The sex work context and typology change continuously and influence HIV related risk and vulnerability for young female sex workers (YFSW). We sought to describe changes in the context and typology of sex work between the first (early) and past month (recent) of sex work among YFSW to inform HIV prevention programming for sex workers.

Methods
We used data from a cross-sectional survey (April-November 2015), administered using physical location-based sampling to 408 cis-women, aged 14–24 years, who self-identified as sex workers, in Mombasa, Kenya. We collected self-reported data on the early and recent month of sex work. The analysis focused on changes in a) sex work context and typology (defined by setting where sex workers practice sex work) where YFSW operated, b) primary typology of sex work, and c) HIV programme outcomes among YFSW who changed primary typology, within the early and recent month of sex work. We analysed the data using a) SPSS27.0 and excel; b) bivariate analysis and χ2 test; and c) bivariate logistic regression models.

Results
Overall, the median age of respondents was 20 years and median duration in sex work was 2 years. Higher proportion of respondents in the recent period managed their clients on their own (98.0% vs. 91.2%), had sex with >5 clients per week (39.3% vs.16.5%); were able to meet > 50% of living expenses through sex work income (46.8% vs. 18.8%); and experienced police violence in the past month (16.4% vs. 6.5%). YFSW reported multiple sex work typology in early and recent periods. Overall, 37.2% reported changing their primary typology. A higher proportion among those who used street/ bus stop typology, experienced police violence, or initiated sex work after 19 years of age in the early period reported a change. There was no difference in HIV programme outcomes among YFSW who changed typology vs. those who did not.

Conclusions
The sex work context changes even in a short duration of two years. Hence, understanding these changes in the early period of sex work can allow for development of tailored strategies that are responsive to the specific needs and vulnerabilities of YFSW.
Caffeic acid phenethyl ester suppresses metastasis of breast cancer cells by inactivating FGFR1 via MD2
Authors: Fang Qilu , Xin Wenxiu , Chen Liangsheng , Fu Yuxuan , Qi Yajun , Ding Haiying , Fang Luo 
Published: July 2023

Background
Tumor metastasis is the main cause of death for breast cancer patients. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) has strong anti-tumor effects with very low toxicity and may be a potential candidate drug. However, the anti-metastatic effect and molecular mechanism of CAPE on breast cancer need more research.

Methods
MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells were used here. Wound healing and Transwell assay were used for migration and invasion detection. Western blot and RT-qPCR were carried out for the epithelial-to-myofibroblast transformation (EMT) process investigation. Western blot and immunofluorescence were performed for fibroblast growth factor receptor1 (FGFR1) phosphorylation and nuclear transfer detection. Co-immunoprecipitation was used for the FGFR1/myeloid differentiation protein2 (MD2) complex investigation.

Results
Our results suggested that CAPE blocks the migration, invasion, and EMT process of breast cancer cells. Mechanistically, CAPE inhibits FGFR1 phosphorylation and nuclear transfer while overexpression of FGFR1 reduces the anti-metastasis effect of CAPE. Further, we found that FGFR1 is bound to MD2, and silencing MD2 inhibits FGFR1 phosphorylation and nuclear transfer as well as cell migration and invasion.

Conclusion
This study illustrated that CAPE restrained FGFR1 activation and nuclear transfer through MD2/FGFR1 complex inhibition and showed good inhibitory effects on the metastasis of breast cancer cells.