bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Critiquing the Unintended Pregnancy Framework
Authors: Auerbach Samantha L. , Coleman‐Minahan Kate , Alspaugh Amy , Aztlan E. Angel , Stern Lisa , Simmonds Katherine 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe unintended pregnancy framework, a central tenet of sexual and reproductive health care delivery and research, has been depicted as an adverse outcome that should be prevented. There is growing criticism of the inadequacies of this framework, although little modification in public health guidelines, measurement, or clinical practice has been seen. This article critically reviews the literature on unintended pregnancy to encourage reflection on how this framework has negatively influenced practice and to inspire the advancement of more patient‐centered care approaches. We begin by outlining the historical origins of the unintended pregnancy framework and review how this framework mischaracterizes patients’ lived experiences, fails to account for structural inequities, contributes to stigma, and is built upon weakly supported claims of a negative impact on health outcomes. We close with a discussion of the relationship between health care provision and unintended pregnancy care and the implications and recommendations for realigning clinical practice, research, and policy goals.
Perceptions, attitudes, and motivational factors for consumers and nonconsumers of traditional and craft beers
Authors: Steinbach Juliana , Burgardt Vânia de Cássia da Fonseca , Machado‐Lunkes Alessandra 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBeer is the most consumed alcoholic beverage in the world, and craft‐style beers have presented interesting marketing prospects in the segment. This study intends to establish a consumer profile and their relationship with craft beer compared with traditional versions, as well as understand nonconsumers in order to design more assertive market strategies. The data were obtained using an online questionnaire with 195 participants. Women were about 56.90% less likely to consume craft beer. Craft beer consumers show a preference for bitter, exotic beers, with a strong and full‐bodied flavor, and seek high quality and authenticity. On the other hand, traditional beer consumers seek well‐known and easy‐drinking beers, considering product availability and price. The high price and the stronger flavor are the main reasons for not consuming craft beer. Nonconsumers of beer report the taste as a barrier to consumption. The conceptual and affective associations to the beers are positive, except for the group of nonconsumers.Practical ApplicationsThe brewing segment, shows constant evolution, seeking innovation to better meet the variability existing among beer consumers. One of the outstanding niches is the craft segment, with a complex relationship between consumers and beer. The results of this study provide a view of beer consumption habits and consumer craft and traditional, and answers about nonconsumers. The results show how gender interferes with consumer attitudes and offers insights into opportunities to expand the segment. The consumer seeks positive experiences, whether sensory or not, however, the consumption may not be repeated if these experiences are negative, as in the case of nonconsumers. Given the results, industrial enterprises in the beer production chain can create more personalized strategies to reach target audiences that are not being contemplated. Other segments favored are tourist enterprises, especially those that envision gastronomic tourism, as beer is associated with the consumption of other products and social interaction.
From metabarcoding time series to plankton food webs: The hidden role of trophic hierarchy in providing ecological resilience
Authors: Russo Luca , Bellardini Daniele , Zampicinini Gianpaolo , Jordán Ferenc , Congestri Roberta , D’Alelio Domenico 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe advent of metabarcoding (metaB) in aquatic ecology has provided a huge amount of information on plankton biodiversity worldwide. However, the large datasets obtained with that approach are still partially explored, especially for what concerns the study of trophic interactions and food webs. In this study, we analysed a metaB time series from the Long‐Term Ecological Research station MareChiara (LTER‐MC) in the Gulf of Naples, Mediterranean Sea, Italy, to describe the link between plankton diversity and food‐web structure. We derived co‐occurrence networks from metaB time series, identified putative trophic interactions among co‐occurrences based on biological information (body size and trophic habit) available for planktonic organisms detected by metaB, and converted co‐occurrence networks into conceptual models of food webs. The latter showed structural properties resembling ecological processes, because network modularity (the presence of semi‐independent sub‐networks) paralleled trophic hierarchy (the dimensional difference between predator and prey). We also analysed the role of planktonic organisms in maintaining network modularity. The largest predators occupied distinct modules, suggesting niche partitioning, whereas the smallest preys worked as fundamental connectors between larger predators (and different modules). Overall, the presence of trophic hierarchy and modularity shown herein supports the view of the high ecological resilience of plankton, pursued via food‐web rewiring, to environmental shifts.
Chesterton, Lewis, and the shadow of Newman: a study in method
Authors: Pickering David 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn this essay I argue for a line of descent, in terms of methodology as an apologist, from J.H. Newman to G.K. Chesterton, and hence to C.S. Lewis. I analyse aspects of Chesterton's methodology as an apologist which strongly suggest the influence of Newman. I then argue that Newman may have exercised a greater influence on Lewis's methodology as an apologist, through Chesterton, than has previously been realised. This raises questions for future study concerning Newman's possible influence, not only on Lewis, but on the other Inklings and related thinkers such as Dorothy Sayers.
Tropes and qualitative change
Authors: Audi Paul 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis paper presents the view that tropes can change, and so are not individuated by their determinate qualitative characters. On the view I have in mind, a trope is at any given time fully determinate, but can change qualitatively within the bounds set by a determinable essence. A charge trope, for example, must at any time have some exact intensity, but can survive changes in intensity. My argument, roughly, is this: Objects can change, and tropes are the parts of objects that change (in a special sense of ‘part’), so tropes can change too. After some preliminaries, I present the argument carefully and discuss the operant notions. I then discuss each premise in turn. I respond to the charge that the view isn't realist, and to objections based on identity‐conditions for tropes. I describe both substratum‐ and bundle‐theoretic versions of the view, and finally, show what the view buys us.
Pilot test of the NOURISHING policy index—Assessing governmental nutrition policies in five European countries
Authors: Fismen Anne‐Siri , Mathisen Jonas Rekdal , Vlad Ioana , Oldridge‐Turner Kate , O'Mara Jennifer , Klepp Knut‐Inge , Brinsden Hannah , Rutter Harry , Kokkorou Margarita , Helleve Arnfinn 
Published: January 2023

SummaryThe NOURISHING database is a repository of more than 1000 verified nutrition and diet‐related governmental policy actions currently in effect globally. The database is a unique and rich data source on governmental policy actions with a potential for developing tools that capture the overall policy efforts in a country, identify policy gaps, and enable cross‐national comparisons. Policy actions from a sample of five European countries have been benchmarked against aspirational standards using the NOURISHING benchmarking tool. This paper presents the results of the pilot testing from the benchmarking process for the construction of the NOURISHING policy index. The development of the index was guided by existing tools for developing composite indicators. The findings from the pilot test indicate that the NOURISHING policy index can identify both policy gaps and cross‐national policy differences. These results demonstrate that the policy index merits testing on a larger sample to identify potential refinements.
The comrade on the crossroads of scholarship and struggle: Troubling the exile of Frantz Fanon from social and political psychology
Authors: Abi‐Ghannam Ghina , Perkins Krystal M. , Fine Michelle 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis article traces the presence and absence of Frantz Fanon in the field of social and political psychology. Our work is guided by an assemblage of methods— a critical analysis of mainstream scholarship, a collective interrogation with a transnational gathering of colleagues and friends, and a deep reading of Fanon's texts on struggle, internalized oppression, violence and a new humanism. Through this, our paper is a call for radical disciplinary reflection on why Fanon has been ruthlessly exiled from social/political psychology, the potential his writings hold for courses, scholarship, and struggle, and how we might more boldly theorize, as he did, from within the fire of struggles for justice and liberation.
Transfusion‐transmitted babesiosis in a patient with sickle cell disease undergoing chronic red cell exchange
Authors: Costa Victoria , Mercure‐Corriveau Nicolas , Gourneau Jeremy , Tobian Aaron A. R. , Jones Jennifer M. , Lauriello Ashley , Lanzkron Sophie , Crowe Elizabeth P. , Bloch Evan M. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundPrior to laboratory‐based blood donor screening for Babesia, transfusion‐transmitted babesiosis (TTB) was a leading infectious risk to the blood supply in the United States.Case ReportA 30‐year‐old man with sickle cell disease (SCD) who had been on a chronic automated red cell exchange (RCE) regimen since childhood, presented approximately 2 months after an RCE, with fever, neck pain, and photophobia. Meningitis was excluded, and he was discharged. He presented again 2 days later with persistent fever, chills, headache, fatigue, and loss of appetite.ResultsOn examination, the patient was febrile but hemodynamically stable. Intra‐erythrocytic inclusions were identified on a peripheral blood smear (<0.5%). B. microti IgM and IgG titers were >1:320 (Reference <1:20) >1:1024 (Reference <1:64), respectively. B. microti was confirmed by nucleic acid testing. The patient lived in a Babesia endemic state but had no risk factors for tick‐borne acquisition. Of the 65 units he received in the preceding 6 months, 58 had been screened for Babesia. One of the donors of the 7 untested units was B. microti seropositive (titer 1:128; Reference 1: 64). The donor was asymptomatic and resided in a state in which Babesia screening was not required. He reported traveling in the year before his donation.ConclusionAlthough rare, TTB is still possible despite regional screening, underscoring the need for provider vigilance and education, especially in non‐endemic areas. Patients with SCD are particularly vulnerable given their high frequency of transfusion and complex needs requiring blood procurement from states where Babesia screening is not mandatory.
Physics-guided co-designing flexible thermoelectrics with techno-economic sustainability for low-grade heat harvesting
Authors: Zhou Yi , Liu Xixi , Jia Baohai , Ding Tianpeng , Mao Dasha , Wang Tiancheng , Ho Ghim Wei , He Jiaqing 
Published: January 2023

Flexible thermoelectric harvesting of omnipresent spatial thermodynamic energy, though promising in low-grade waste heat recovery (<100°C), is still far from industrialization because of its unequivocal cost-ineffectiveness caused by low thermoelectric efficiency and power-cost coupled device topology. Here, we demonstrate unconventional upcycling of low-grade heat via physics-guided rationalized flexible thermoelectrics, without increasing total heat input or tailoring material properties, into electricity with a power-cost ratio (W/US$) enhancement of 25.3% compared to conventional counterparts. The reduced material usage (44%) contributes to device power-cost “decoupling,” leading to geometry-dependent optimal electrical matching for output maximization. This offers an energy consumption reduction (19.3%), electricity savings (0.24 kWh W
−1
), and CO
2
emission reduction (0.17 kg W
−1
) for large-scale industrial production, fundamentally reshaping the R&D route of flexible thermoelectrics for techno-economic sustainable heat harvesting. Our findings highlight a facile yet cost-effective strategy not only for low-grade heat harvesting but also for electronic co-design in heat management/recovery frontiers.
Psychometric evaluation of the ‘Attitudes and Beliefs about Cardiovascular Disease (ABCD) Risk Questionnaire’ with validation of a previously untested ‘Intentions and Beliefs around Smoking’ subscale
Authors: Bowyer Mark , Hassen Hamid Yimam , Bastiaens Hilde , Gibson Linda 
Published: January 2023

ObjectivesTo provide evidence of validity, reliability and generalisability of results obtained using the Attitudes and Beliefs about Cardiovascular Disease (ABCD) Risk Questionnaire with a sample of the English population surveyed within the ‘SPICES’ Horizon 2020 Project (Nottingham study site), and to specifically evaluate the psychometric and factor properties of an as-yet untested five-item subscale relating to smoking behaviours.Design and settingCommunity and workplace-based cross-sectional study in Nottingham, UK.Participants466 English adults fitting inclusion criteria (aged 18+ years, without known history of cardiovascular disease, not pregnant, able to provide informed consent) participated in the study.InterventionWe revalidated the ABCD Questionnaire on a sample of the general population in Nottingham to confirm the psychometric properties. Furthermore, we introduced five items related to smoking, which were dropped in the original study due to inadequate valid samples.Primary and secondary outcome measuresPsychometric and factor performance of untested five-item ‘smoking behaviours’ subscale.Psychometric and factorial properties in combination with the remaining 18 items across 3 subscales.ResultsAnalyses of the data largely confirmed the validity, reliability and factor structure of the original ABCD Risk Questionnaire. Sufficient participants in our study provided data against additional five smoking-related items to confirm their validity as a subscale and to advocate for their inclusion in future applications of the scale. Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis calculations support some minor changes to the remaining subscales, which may further improve psychometric performance and therefore generalisability of the instrument.ConclusionsAn amended version of the ABCD Risk Questionnaire would provide public health researchers and practitioners with a brief, easy-to-use, reliable and valid survey tool. The amended tool may assist public health practitioners and researchers to survey patient or public intentions and beliefs around three key areas of individually modifiable risk (physical activity, diet, smoking).Trial registration numberISRCTN Registry (ISRCTN68334579).
Prevalence of early postnatal care services usage and associated factors among postnatal women of Wolkite town, Gurage zone, Southern Ethiopia: a community-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Yosef Yirgalem , Demissie Mebratu , Abeje Seblework , Walle Fantahun , Geze Shegaw , Beyene Aberash , Shifa Mariama 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveEarly postnatal care service usage in developing countries is one of the healthcare service usage problems among postnatal women, which is related to extensive maternal and neonatal complications and mortality. Identification of the prevalence of early postnatal care services usage and associated factors among postnatal women is imperative to develop intervention measures to mitigate their complications and public health impact, which is not well known in Ethiopia, particularly in the selected study area. Thus, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of early postnatal care services usage and associated factors among postnatal women of Wolkite town, southeast Ethiopia.DesignA community-based cross-sectional study design was conducted among 301 postnatal women from 15 May to 15 June 2021.MeasurementsData were collected using a pretested structured questionnaire. The collected data were cleaned and entered in EpiData V.3.1 and then exported to SPSS V.23 for analysis. Finally, a multivariate logistic regression model was fitted to identify the factors associated with early postnatal care services usage. The p value<0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsThe finding showed that the prevalence of early postnatal care services usage was 23.3% (95% CI 18.9% to 27.9%). Wanted pregnancy (adjusted OR (AOR)=4.17, 95% CI 1.93 to 9.03), had over four histories of pregnancy (gravida >4) (AOR=2.90, 95% CI 1.18 to 7.11) and had spontaneous vertex delivery (AOR=2.18, 95% CI 1.07 to 9.39) were statistically significant factors of early postnatal care service usage.ConclusionThis study has shown that the prevalence of early postnatal care services usage was slightly low when compared with other studies. Thus, community-based health promotion should be an important recommendation to increase early postnatal care service usage among postnatal mothers to improve the level of awareness of early postnatal check-up schedules; done by healthcare providers.
Does the use of prediction equations to correct self-reported height and weight improve obesity prevalence estimates? A pooled cross-sectional analysis of Health Survey for England data
Authors: Scholes Shaun , Ng Fat Linda , Moody Alison , Mindell Jennifer S 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveAdults typically overestimate height and underestimate weight compared with directly measured values, and such misreporting varies by sociodemographic and health-related factors. Using self-reported and interviewer-measured height and weight, collected from the same participants, we aimed to develop a set of prediction equations to correct bias in self-reported height and weight and assess whether this adjustment improved the accuracy of obesity prevalence estimates relative to those based only on self-report.DesignPopulation-based cross-sectional study.Participants38 940 participants aged 16+ (Health Survey for England 2011–2016) with non-missing self-reported and interviewer-measured height and weight.Main outcome measuresComparisons between self-reported, interviewer-measured (gold standard) and corrected (based on prediction equations) body mass index (BMI: kg/m2) including (1) difference between means and obesity prevalence and (2) measures of agreement for BMI classification.ResultsOn average, men overestimated height more than women (1.6 cm and 1.0 cm, respectively; p<0.001), while women underestimated weight more than men (2.1 kg and 1.5 kg, respectively; p<0.001). Underestimation of BMI was slightly larger for women than for men (1.1 kg/m2and 1.0 kg/m2, respectively; p<0.001). Obesity prevalence based on BMI from self-report was 6.8 and 6.0 percentage points (pp) lower than that estimated using measured BMI for men and women, respectively. Corrected BMI (based on models containing all significant predictors of misreporting of height and weight) lowered underestimation of obesity to 0.8pp in both sexes and improved the sensitivity of obesity over self-reported BMI by 15.0pp for men and 12.2pp for women. Results based on simpler models using age alone as a predictor of misreporting were similar.ConclusionsCompared with self-reported data, applying prediction equations improved the accuracy of obesity prevalence estimates and increased sensitivity of being classified as obese. Including additional sociodemographic variables did not improve obesity classification enough to justify the added complexity of including them in prediction equations.
Comparative efficacy for different age groups of psychological or psychosocial treatments on post-traumatic stress disorder: protocol for systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression analysis
Authors: Li Jia , Gao Liru , Bao Ruiji , Ji Rui , He Qianyun , Tang Xinfeng , Zhang Weijun , Qu Zhiyong 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionIt remains unknown whether psychological or psychosocial treatments for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have comparable effects across the life span. This study aims at comparing the effects of psychological/psychosocial treatments for PTSD between different age groups of youth, early-middle adults and late adults.Methods and analysisA systematic search will be conducted among thirteen electronic databases, including Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, PsycINFO, EMBASE, ERIC, PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, Published International Literature on Traumatic Stress, China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database, the Wanfang database, the Chinese Scientific Journal Database (VIP Database) and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses, from inception to 15 May 2022. Electronic searches will be supplemented by a comprehensive grey literature search in Conference proceedings and trial registries. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing psychological or psychosocial treatments for PTSD with control conditions in all age groups will be included. The primary outcome is the between-treatments efficacy for PTSD that refers to the outcomes of the RCTs included in the meta-analysis. Effect sizes will be calculated for all comparisons and pooled with a fixed effects model or a random effects model. Differences in the efficacy of psychological/psychosocial therapies for PTSD across the age groups will be examined by stratified analyses and meta-regression analyses.Ethics and disseminationData used in this study will be anonymised. These data will not be used for other purposes than research. Authors who supply the data will be acknowledged. The authors declare that no conflicts of interest exist. The findings of this study will be disseminated through briefing reports, publications and presentations.Trial registration numberCRD42022334305.