bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evolutionary history of the Brachyury gene in Hydrozoa: duplications, divergence and neofunctionalization
Authors: Vetrova Alexandra A. , Kupaeva Daria M. , Lebedeva Tatiana S. , Walentek Peter , Tsikolia Nikoloz , Kremnyov Stanislav V. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBrachyury, a member of T-box gene family, is widely known for its major role in mesoderm specification in bilaterians. It is also present in non-bilaterian metazoans, such as cnidarians, where it acts as a component of an axial patterning system. In this study, we present a phylogenetic analysis of Brachyury genes within phylum Cnidaria, investigate differential expression and address a functional framework of Brachyury paralogs in hydrozoanDynamena pumila.Our analysis indicates two duplication events of Brachyury in the cnidarian lineage: in the common ancestor of the Medusozoa clade and at the base of the class Hydrozoa. We designate result of the first step as Brachyury2 and of the second as Brachyury3.Brachyury1 and 2 display a conservative expression pattern marking the oral pole of the body axis inD. pumila. On the contrary, Brachyury3 expression was detected in scattered presumably nerve cells of theD. pumilalarva. Pharmacological modulations indicated that Brachyury3 is not under regulation of cWnt signalling in contrast to the other two Brachyury genes. Divergence in expression patterns and regulation suggest neofunctionalization of Brachyury3 in hydrozoans.
Endotherms trade body temperature regulation for the stress response
Authors: Tabh Joshua K.R. , Hartjes Mariah , Burness Gary 
Published: January 2023

AbstractResponding to perceived threats is energetically expensive and can require animals to curtail somatic repair, immunity, and even reproduction to balance energy ledgers. Among birds and mammals, energetic demands of thermoregulation are often immense, yet whether homeostatic body temperatures are also compromised to aid the stress response is unknown. Using data sourced from over 60 years of literature and 24 endotherm species, we show that exposure to non-thermal challenges (e.g. human interaction, social threats) caused body temperatures to decrease in the cold and increase in the warmth, but particularly when species-specific costs of thermoregulation were high and surplus energy low. Biophysical models revealed that allowing body temperature to change in this way liberated up to 24% (mean = 5%) of resting energy expenditure for use toward coping. While useful to avoid energetic overload, such responses nevertheless heighten risks of cold- or heat-induced damage, particularly when coincident with cold- or heat-waves.
Cross-β helical filaments of Tau and TMEM106B in Gray and White Matter of Multiple System Tauopathy with presenile Dementia
Authors: Hoq Md Rejaul , Bharath Sakshibeedu R. , Hallinan Grace I. , Fernandez Anllely , Vago Frank S. , Ozcan Kadir A. , Li Daoyi , Garringer Holly J. , Vidal Ruben , Ghetti Bernardino , Jiang Wen 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe Microtubule-Associated Protein Tau (MAPT) is one of the proteins that are central to neurodegenerative diseases. The nature of intracellular tau aggregates is determined by the cell types whether neuronal or glial, the participating tau isoforms, and the structure of the amyloid filament. The transmembrane protein 106B (TMEM106B) has recently emerged as another significant player in neurodegeneration and aging. In the central nervous system, the composition of the gray and white matter differs considerably. The gray matter consists of nerve cell bodies, dendrites, unmyelinated axons, synaptic terminals, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes (satellite cells) and microglia. The white matter differs from the gray for the presence of axonal tracts as the only neuronal component and for the absence of nerve cell bodies, dendrites and synaptic terminals. Cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) studies have unveiled the structure of tau and TMEM106B, from the cerebral cortex, in several neurodegenerative diseases; however, whether tau and TMEM106B filaments from the gray and white matter share a common fold requires additional investigation.MethodsWe isolated tau and TMEM106B from the cerebral cortex and white matter of the frontal lobes of two individuals affected by multiple system tauopathy with presenile dementia (MSTD), a disease caused by theMAPTintron 10 mutation +3. We used immunostaining, biochemical, genetics and cryo-EM methods to characterize tau and TMEM106B.ResultsWe determined that tau filaments in the gray and the white matter of MSTD individuals can induce tau aggregation and have identical AGD type 2 folds. TMEM106B amyloid filaments were also found in the gray and white matter of MSTD; the filament folds were identical in the two anatomical regions.ConclusionsOur findings show for the first time that in MSTD two types of amyloid filaments extracted from the gray matter have identical folds to those extracted from the white matter. Whether in this genetic disorder there is a relationship in the pathogenesis of the tau and TMEM106B filaments, remains to be determined. Furthermore, additional studies are needed for other proteins and other neurodegenerative diseases to establish whether filaments extracted from the gray and white matter would have identical folds.
Hypothalamic Protein Profiling from Mice Subjected to Social Defeat Stress
Authors: Mitra Shiladitya , Sameer Kumar Ghantasala S , Samanta Anumita , Thakur Suman S 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACTThe Hypothalmic-pituitary axis also known as the HPA axis is central to stress response. It also acts as the relay centre between the body and the brain. We analysed hypothalamic proteome from mice subjected to chronic social defeat paradigm using iTRAQ based quantitative proteomics in identify changes associated with stress response. We identified greater than 2000 proteins processing our samples analysed through Q-Exactive (Thermo) and Orbitrap Velos (Thermo) at 5% FDR. Analysis of data procured from the runs showed that the proteins whose levels were affected belonged primarily to mitochondrial and metabolic processes, translation, complement pathway among others. We also found increased levels of fibrinogen, myelin basic protein (MBP) and neurofilaments (NEFL, NEFM, NEFH) in the hypothalamus from socially defeated mice. Interestingly these proteins are found upregulated in blood and CSF of subjects exposed to trauma and stress. Since hypothalamus is in direct contact of blood and CSF, their utility as biomarkers in depression holds an impressive probability and should be validated in clinical samples.
Induciblein vivogenome editing in the sea starPatiria miniata
Authors: Zueva Olga , Hinman Veronica F. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractFor centuries, echinoderms, a marine-invertebrate phylum, have fascinated scientists for their developmental and postembryonic phenomen. Experimentation on their eggs and embryos in particular have contributed foundation scientific advances. However, powerful molecular genetic studies are restricted to embryonic developmental stages which are amenable to genetic perturbation by microinjection of reagents into the zygotes. This represents a significant bottleneck to the study of postembryonic processes in where the earliest function of a gene must remain intact. We therefore sought to establish a spatio-temporal turnable gene editing tool for these species. Here, using the sea star Patiria miniata as a model we introduce a chemically inducible, Tet-ON, gene expression system. Pairing this Tet-ON system with CRISPR-mediated gene alteration technology we show as a proof-of-principle demonstration an inducible gene editing in the sea star transgenic cell populations for the first time in echinoderm biology. The approach we show here can be adapted for use in other species of echinoderms and will also extend experimental possibilities tremendously.
Periplasmic stress contributes to a tradeoff between protein secretion and cell growth in E. Coli Nissile
Authors: Emani S , Kan A , Storms T , Bonanno S , Law J , Ray S , Joshi N 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMaximizing protein secretion is an important target in the design of engineered living systems. In this paper, we characterize a tradeoff between cell growth and per cell protein secretion in the curli biofilm secretion system of E Coli Nissile 1917. Initial characterization using 24-hour continuous growth and protein production monitoring confirms decreased growth rates at high induction leading to a local maximum in total protein production at intermediate induction. Propidium iodide staining at the endpoint indicates that cellular death is a dominant cause of growth reduction. Assaying variants with combinatorial constructs of inner and outer membrane secretion tags, we find that diminished growth at high production is specific to secretory variants associated with accumulation of protein containing the outer membrane transport tag in the periplasmic space. RNA sequencing experiments indicate upregulation of known periplasmic stress response genes in the highly secreting variant, further implicating periplasmic stress in the growth-secretion tradeoff. Overall, these results motivate additional strategies for optimizing total protein production and longevity of secretory engineered living systems.
Spatial transcriptomics reveals a conserved segment polarity program that governs muscle patterning inNematostella vectensis
Authors: He Shuonan , Shao Wanqing , Chen Shiyuan (Cynthia) , Wang Ting , Gibson Matthew C. 
Published: January 2023

SummaryDuring early animal evolution, the emergence of axially-polarized segments was central to the diversification of complex bilaterian body plans. Nevertheless, precisely how and when segment polarity pathways arose remains obscure. Here we demonstrate the molecular basis for segment polarization in developing larvae of the pre-bilaterian sea anemoneNematostella vectensis. Utilizing spatial transcriptomics, we first constructed a 3-D gene expression atlas of developing larval segments. Capitalizing on accuratein silicopredictions, we identified Lbx and Uncx, conserved homeodomain-containing genes that occupy opposing subsegmental domains under the control of both BMP signaling and the Hox-Gbx cascade. Functionally,Lbxmutagenesis eliminated all molecular evidence of segment polarization at larval stage and caused an aberrant mirror-symmetric pattern of retractor muscles in primary polyps. These results demonstrate the molecular basis for segment polarity in a pre-bilaterian animal, suggesting that polarized metameric structures were present in the Cnidaria-Bilateria common ancestor over 600 million years ago.HighlightsNematostellaendomesodermal tissue forms metameric segments and displays a transcriptomic profile similar to that observed in bilaterian mesodermConstruction of a comprehensive 3-D gene expression atlas enables systematic dissection of segmental identity in endomesodermLbxandUncx, two conserved homeobox-containing genes, establish segment polarity inNematostellaThe Cnidarian-Bilaterian common ancestor likely possessed the genetic toolkit to generate polarized metameric structures
Identification and Characterization of a Novel Major Facilitator Superfamily (MFS) Efflux Pump SA09310 Mediating Tetracycline Resistance inStaphylococcus aureus
Authors: Li Daiyu , Ge Yan , Wang Ning , Shi Yun , Guo Gang , Zou Quanming , Liu Qiang 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDrug efflux systems have recently been recognized as an important mechanism of multidrug resistance in bacteria. Here, we described the identification and characterization of a novel chromosomally encoded multidrug efflux pump (SA09310) inStaphylococcus aureus. SA09310 is a 43-kDa protein with 12 transmembrane helices. The conserved amino acid sequence motifs of the major facilitator superfamily (MFS) were identified in the protein SA09310, which indicated SA09310 belonged to MFS transporters. Expression of thesa09310gene was induced by different types of antibiotics, including aminoglycoside, tetracycline, macrolides, and chloramphenicol. Thesa09310gene knockout mutant (Δsa09310) was constructed, and its susceptibility to 30 different antibiotics was evaluated. Mutant△sa09310exhibited increased sensitivity to tetracycline and doxycycline, with 64-fold and 8-fold decreased MICs, respectively. The mechanism of SA09310 mediating tetracycline resistance was demonstrated by its ability to extrude intracellular tetracycline from within the cells into the environment. The efflux activity of SA09310 was further confirmed by EtBr accumulation and efflux assays. In addition, the efflux activity of SA09310 was observed to be blocked by the known efflux pump inhibitor carbonyl cyanide-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP), which provided direct evidence that suggested the H+-dependent activity of SA09310 efflux pump. The conservation of SA09310 homologs in Staphylococcus indicated the universal function of these SA09310-like protein clusters. In conclusion, the function-unknown protein SA09310 has been identified and characterized as a tetracycline efflux pump, thereby mediating tetracycline resistance inS. aureus.
N-Cadherin and α-catenin regulate formation of functional tunneling nanotubes
Authors: Pepe Anna , Manzano Roberto Notario , Sartori-Rupp Anna , Brou Christel , Zurzolo Chiara 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCell-to-cell communication it is a fundamental mechanism by which unicellular and multicellular organisms maintain relevant functions as development or homeostasis. Tunneling nanotubes (TNTs) are a type of contact-mediated cell-to-cell communication defined by being membranous structures based on actin that allow the exchange of different cellular material. TNTs have been shown to have unique structural features compared with other cellular protrusions and to contain the cell adhesion molecule N-Cadherin. Here, we investigated the possible role of N-Cadherin and of its primary linker to the actin cytoskeleton, α-Catenin in regulating the formation and transfer function of TNTs. Our data indicate that N-Cadherin through its downstream effector α-Catenin is a major regulator of TNT formation, ultrastructure, as well as of their ability to transfer material to other cells.
Exploring research trends of procrastination: a bibliometric analysis during 2010 to 2020
Authors: Sharma Gunjan , Kulshreshtha Kushagra 
Published: January 2023

PurposeThe aim of this paper is to offer insight into procrastination over the past decade using bibliometric analysis to gauge the evolving journey of this concept. Thus, the concept of procrastination is examined in terms of authors, affiliating institutions, countries, citation patterns, bibliometric coupling and co-occurrence analysis.Design/methodology/approachFor exploring the research work on procrastination, the bibliometric analysis was conducted for co-authorship, co-occurrence of keywords, citation network analysis, most influential authors, document and country wise bibliometric coupling by taking 630 publications between the years 2010–2020 into consideration. Software like VOSviewer and Tableau was used for result analysis. In addition, the content analysis was used for the top research papers amongst the eleven different clusters.FindingsThe study reveals the nature and direction of research over the past decade on procrastination. The most prominent journals, authors, articles, institutions, countries and keywords have been identified. The topic shows an upward trend of research as no consolidation or maturity in the pattern is observed. Frontiers In Psychology had the highest number of publications followed by Personality And Individual Differences. The top three contributors are Sirosis, F.M., Feng, T. and Ferrari, J.R. The country-wise analysis shows the USA leading followed by Germany, China and Canada. UiT The Arctic University of Norway was having the most significant contribution followed by The Ohio State University, DePaul University and Tel Hai Academic College. The most prominent themes and documents are reported. In addition, the content analysis depicted the need to conduct the research work on the certain themes which may usher the researchers towards more conceptual clarity and strategizing.Originality/valueSufficient discourse and relevant literature are available about procrastination, bedtime procrastination and academic procrastination and related areas. However, procrastination is becoming a universal issue, especially in the field of human resources and workforce development. This paper attempts to facilitate the policy-makers, regulators, researchers and practitioners to explore allied and less explored areas of procrastination that need future investigation.
The impact of COVID-19 on construction supply chain management: an Australian case study
Authors: Sutterby Peter , Wang Xiangming , Li Hong Xian , Ji Yingbo 
Published: January 2023

PurposeEffective maintenance of construction supply chains is paramount to business continuity during the pandemic. Focusing on a large private Australian construction company, this research aims to investigate to what extent the current pandemic has affected the daily operations of this company. This research touches on the broader effect on the industry, while it narrows the focus on how effective construction supply chain management can minimise a pandemic's negative impact on a company. The critical question will be how private contractors that primarily rely on social infrastructure projects can fortify their supply chains and general operations during the global pandemic.Design/methodology/approachA mixed qualitative and quantitative approach is employed in this research. Based on literature review and question design, data is collected through interviews with various stakeholders. Moreover, operation data is also collected from the case company to support the results and findings.FindingsThe respondents have generally agreed that the case company has effectively managed its supply chains to this point of the pandemic through the implementation of supply chain monitoring processes and maintaining stable relationships with stakeholders. This is supported by the operation data of the case company.Originality/valueThis is timely-conducted research, and it is original research with invaluable operation data. This case study is conducted during a pandemic and provides lessons learned for global supply chain management in the post-pandemic period.
The rise (and almost fall) of Maneli Pets
Authors: Msimango-Galawe Jabulile , Bowen Amanda , Urban Angie 
Published: January 2023

Learning outcomes
At the end of the case discussion, students should be able to:▪ analyse and discuss networks as a form of social capital;▪ identify and discuss alternative growth strategies for an small, medium, micro enterprise (SMME) in the context of prevailing challenges;▪ use the six domains of the entrepreneurship ecosystem to identify and discuss factors that enhance and challenge a business with particular reference to an SMME; and▪ analyse and understand the key dimensions of entrepreneurial behaviour using the case protagonist as an example.

Case overview/synopsis
Nhlanhla Dlamini, the managing director of Maneli Pets based in Johannesburg, South Africa had opened an office in Cincinnati in the USA in July 2019 to take over the distribution and marketing of the company’s high-quality protein pet treats. Just over eight months later, the COVID-19 pandemic exploded across the world resulting in unprecedented disruption to people’s lives, world trade and the global economy.Now, in June 2022, Dlamini contemplated the successes and challenges he had experienced since starting Maneli Pets in 2016, not least of which was parting company with US-based Novel Dog LLC, which had previously marketed and distributed the pet treats. He had built an internationally accredited factory from scratch, produced pet products and a brand that was appealing to the competitive international market, and exported to 12 countries around the world. However, Dlamini had also faced the retrenchment of a large number of staff, the breakdown of the relationship with Novel Dog, the difficulties of setting up a distribution business in the USA along with overseeing the South African factory, and in September 2019, his co-founder, Sipha Ndawonde, had left Maneli Pets.Maneli Pets had served Dlamini’s philanthropic purpose of creating jobs and contributing to the growth of the South African economy. Despite the setback of parting ways with Novel Dog, he hoped to continue to create jobs and return to and exceed the staff numbers he had achieved by 2018, regardless of the hard work involved.In his dual position of managing director of Maneli Pets, based in Johannesburg, and sales director of the distribution and marketing arm, Nandi Pets Inc. in Cincinnati, Dlamini had a global view of the companies’ financials that he realised had been missing initially. Would the new structure of Maneli Pets he had created in 2019 in a pre-pandemic world see the company profitable by the end of 2022? What else could he do to take the company to the next level?

Complexity academic level
MBA, Masters in Management, Postgraduate Diploma in Business, Executive Education short courses.

Supplementary materials
Teaching notes are available for educators only.

Subject code
CSS 3: Entrepreneurship.
Desire to work with woman manager: interplay between sexism and organizational culture
Authors: Yesilirmak Arda Can , Tayfur Ekmekci Ozge , Bayhan Karapinar Pınar 
Published: January 2023

Purpose
The primary purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between ambivalent sexism (hostile and benevolent sexism) and managerial choice, considering organizational culture as a moderating variable. Additionally, the study addresses employees’ preference for working with same-sex managers as opposed to opposite-sex managers.

Design/methodology/approach
Data were collected from 245 white-collar employees working in a large-sized holding company in Ankara, Türkiye, using the survey method. PROCESS Macro was used to test the hypotheses.

Findings
Neither hostile nor benevolent sexism directly affected managerial choice. However, perceived gender equality within an organization was found to significantly affect the preference for working with female managers. Gender equality in organizational culture did not have a significant moderating effect on the relationship between hostile and benevolent sexism and the inclination to work with women managers. Furthermore, the participants reported a tendency to work with same-sex managers independent of their sexist attitudes and perceived organizational culture.

Originality/value
This study sheds light on the literature by examining the joint effects of sexism and perceived gender inequality on the desire of working women managers. In doing so, this study differs from previous studies focusing solely on individual variables such as personality and sexism or situational variables as hindering factors for women’s attainment of managerial positions.