bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heavy mineral provenance and paleomagnetic studies of Mesozoic rocks in the Gold Beach terrane, southwestern Oregon, USA
Authors: Boudreau Ericka M. , Gaschnig Richard M. , Vervoort Jeffrey D. , Schwartz Joshua J. , Housen Bernard , Tikoff Basil 
Published: January 2025

We present detrital mineral and paleomagnetic data from the Gold Beach terrane of southwestern Oregon, USA, that supports its large-magnitude northward translation along the North American margin in the Late Cretaceous. Detrital zircon and titanite were gathered from Late Jurassic−Late Cretaceous aged sandstones and indicate a shift in sediment sources over time. Zircon Hf isotopes in Jurassic grains (200−144 Ma) yield positive εHf(i) values (+15 to +6), whereas Late Cretaceous grains (100−90 Ma) have a wide range of values spanning 20 epsilon units (+11 to −12). Trace-element abundances in detrital zircons show increasing U/Yb and Eu/Eu* with decreasing age. Detrital titanite Nd isotopes mimic zircon Hf isotopes and show εNd(i) values ranging from +8 to +1 in Jurassic aged grains and +5 to −9 in Late Cretaceous grains. Gold Beach titanites are primarily of magmatic origin and are derived from felsic sources, while others have trace element chemistry revealing metamorphic sources.
Paleomagnetic results from the Late Cretaceous Houstenaden Creek Formation pass fold tests with a tilt-corrected mean of D = 130°, I = 70°, n = 12, k = 10, and α95 = 14.4°. The directions have a widely streaked distribution along a small-circle path due to local rotations of blocks between sites. The tilt-corrected, inclination-only mean is I = 59°, n = 12, k = 58, α95 = 4.4°, which yields a Late Cretaceous paleolatitude of 41° ± 4°N. Comparing these results with a Late Cretaceous reference for North America shows an expected paleolatitude of 47°N, resulting in an estimate of 750 ± 500 km of displacement and ∼100° of clockwise rotation. This estimate is consistent with detrital mineral results that indicate continentally derived sources in southern California, as well as a western source offshore of the Late Cretaceous North American margin. We conclude that northward translation of the Gold Beach terrane from southernmost California occurred during the Late Cretaceous and that it was near its present location in southwestern Oregon by the Eocene.
Inequalities in colorectal cancer diagnosis by ethnic group: a population-level study in the English National Health Service
Authors: Birch Rebecca J , Burr Nick E , Taylor John C , Downing Amy , Quirke Phil , Morris Eva J A , Turvill James , Thoufeeq Mo 
Published: January 2025

ObjectiveStudies in the USA examining the relationship between ethnicity and colorectal cancer (CRC) identified significant variation. This study sought to examine the relationship between ethnic group, route to diagnosis, early-onset CRC and stage at diagnosis in the English National Health Service.MethodsData from COloRECTal cancer data Repository for all individuals diagnosed with CRC (International Classification of Diseases version 10, C18–C20) between 2012 and 2017. A descriptive analysis of the characteristics of the study population was performed. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to assess the association between ethnicity, route to diagnosis, stage at diagnosis and early-onset CRC.ResultsEarly-onset CRC was least common in those in the white ethnic group (5.5% diagnosed <50, vs 17.9% in the Asian, 15.5% in the black and 21.8% in the mixed and multiple ethnic groups, p<0.01). Diagnosis following a 2-week wait referral was significantly less common among individuals from the Asian, black, other and unknown ethnic groups than the white ethnic group (Asian OR 0.84, 95% CI 0.79 to 0.91, black OR 0.86, 95% CI 0.79 to 0.93, other OR 0.81, 95% CI 0.73 to 0.90 and unknown OR 0.70, 95% CI 0.66 to 0.73). The Asian ethnic group had significantly lower odds of emergency diagnosis than the white ethnic group (OR 0.90, 95% CI 0.83 to 0.97). Following adjustment, individuals from the Asian ethnic group were significantly less likely, than their white counterparts, to be diagnosed at stage IV (OR 0.82, 95% CI 0.76 to 0.88).ConclusionThis study identified different demographic profiles of those diagnosed with CRC between broad ethnic groups, highlighting the need to consider access to diagnostic CRC services in the context of ethnicity.
Effectiveness of implementation of sickle cell disease referral guidelines and other measures in paediatric department at a tertiary hospital in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alathaibi Abdulrhman , Alam Muhammad Matloob , Alghamdi Hamdan , De Asis Jean Barrientos , Bautista Reynan , Aladwani Mansour , Selim Mustafa Mohamed 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundSickle cell disease (SCD) is an autosomal recessive genetic blood disorder. It affects up to 2.6% of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia population.Local problemThe paediatric haematology/oncology (PHO) team noticed that 75% of paediatric patients were inappropriately referred to the PHO department. Also, 86% of patients were investigated with unnecessary investigations followed by outpatient haematological clinic visits which cause financial burden to the hospital, job load for medical staff and psychological burden for families.Methods and interventionsWe carried out an initial audit of PHO referrals and requested laboratory tests over a 3-month period (October–December 2022). The PHO team developed a Clinical Pathway Guidelines (CPG), algorithm for early SCD detection and consultation form for suspected patients with SCD. Staff education about the new CPG was done. In addition, a dedicated PHO physician was assigned to map all referrals and provide rapid responses or outpatient department appointment dates for daily consultations and referrals. Furthermore, posters illustrating the algorithm for early SCD detection were printed and distributed to various units.ResultsThe percentage of inappropriately referred patients improved during the three-quarters to reach above the desired target of 10%. This per cent reached 0% by the end of Q3 September 2023, indicating a sustainable improvement. Also, the per cent of unnecessary laboratory tests decreased from 86% before starting the project to 0% by the end of Q3. Finally, the number of wrong outpatient haematology visits decreased from 2 to 4 visits/week to 0 visits.ConclusionsStaff education and adherence to guidelines are major priorities for the implementation of SCD referral guidelines in the paediatric department. This improves the utilisation of hospital resources, decreases the staff workload, hospital costs for unnecessary investigations and enhances the psychological care for families of patients with SCD.
Genetic and clinical analysis ofOPTNin amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Xiao Yi , Tan Yushan , Li Chunyu , Wei Qianqian , Jiang Qirui , Wang Shichan , Yang Tianmi , Lin Junyu , Zhang Lingyu , Shang Huifang 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundConsiderable heterogeneity in genotypes and phenotypes has been observed among patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) harbouring optineurin gene (OPTN) mutations, as reported in prior studies. The study aimed to elucidate the correlation betweenOPTNgenotypes and phenotypes.MethodsOPTNgene variants were screened within a substantial Chinese cohort of patients with ALS, encompassing LoF and rare missense variants. Additionally, a systematic literature review was conducted to compile the spectrum ofOPTNmutations and explore the relationship between the genotype and phenotype of patients with ALS withOPTN.ResultsA total of 33 unrelated patients with ALS with 24 rareOPTNvariants, including 17 novel variants, were identified in 2279 patients with ALS. Among 24 variants in our cohort and 106 variants in previous studies, only 33.3% and 35.8% were pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants. Moreover, the frequency ofOPTNvariants in the Asian ALS population was higher (1.08%) than that of the Caucasian population (0.55%). For the phenotype of patients with ALS carrying OPTN variants, we found that patients with pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants had the highest baseline progression rate and the shortest survival time among groups in our cohort.ConclusionOur study contributed to a broader understanding of the genotype and phenotype spectrum of patients with ALS carryingOPTNvariants. Further investigations are warranted to definitively establish the genotype-phenotype associations.
FLNAgenomic rearrangements in a 391 French bilateral periventricular nodular heterotopia cohort: prevalence and phenotypic correlations
Authors: Margot Henri , Hernandez Poblete Natalia , Angelini Chloé , Desforges Julie , Bouron Julie , Arveiler Benoit , Rooryck Caroline , Goizet Cyril , Fergelot Patricia 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundFLNAloss of function manifests across a broad spectrum of phenotypes, ranging from severe prenatal onset to asymptomatic cases. Bilateral periventricular nodular heterotopia (BPNH) consistently occurs in affected individuals. This retrospective study involving French patients with BPNH evaluates the prevalence ofFLNAgene dosage anomalies and investigates genotype-phenotype correlations in a large cohort of French patients with BPNH.MethodsA retrospective observational study was conducted on 391 individuals diagnosed with BPNH confirmed by brain MRI. Sequencing analysis using Sanger or next-generation sequencing was complemented by targeted array-comparative genomic hybridisation to identify copy number variants (CNVs).ResultsFLNAvariants were identified in 40% of females and 12% of males. Among these, 87% were single nucleotide variants (SNVs), while CNVs accounted for 13%, all of which were deletions. Half of the CNVs involved a recurrent deletion spanning exons 31–48, often accompanied by a duplication of the neighbouringEMDgene. This del-dup was associated with a milder phenotype, whereas smaller de novo deletions correlated with severe outcomes. Mosaicism was also detected in three cases.ConclusionFLNACNV analysis, particularly for recurrent deletions and mosaicism, is essential in the genetic evaluation of BPNH. Integrating CNV detection with SNV analysis improves diagnostic accuracy and enhances understanding of genotype-phenotype correlations.
What do Canadian universities suggest on their webpages as future career and educational pathways following completion of a kinesiology or exercise science undergraduate program?
Authors: Nagpal Taniya S. , Randhawa Hanna , Pallister Rebecca , Fowles Jonathon R. , O'Brien Myles W. 
Published: January 2025

Kinesiology undergraduate programs are multidisciplinary, and graduates may navigate several post-graduate education and career pathways. This study summarized the pathways currently listed online by Canadian undergraduate programs following completion of a kinesiology or “exercise science” degree. An environmental scan was completed by reviewing Canadian undergraduate program ( n = 59) webpages and their list of future pathways ( n = 845). A content analysis summarized pathways into 46 common categories. The most mentioned pathway was education ( n = 60), with coaching, health promotion and physiotherapy next ( n = 46–48). Additional pathways included medical, allied health professions, business, and exercise training ( n = 24–44). Most listed pathways likely require further training post-graduation.
Variation in cadmium concentration in seed and its association with phenotypic traits of 166 diverse flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) pure lines grown in western Canada
Authors: Diederichsen Axel , House Megan , Cloutier Sylvie , Liber Karsten 
Published: January 2025

Four field trials were conducted in western Canada in 2020 and 2021 to assess cadmium (Cd) concentration in seed from 166 pure lines of flax originating from 26 countries that were derived by single seed descent from a genetically diverse flax core collection preserved by Plant Gene Resources of Canada. Associations of Cd concentration with morphological and phenological traits, as well as the country of origin were considered. The mean Cd concentration in the seed ranged from 0.31 to 1.50 mg/kg with an overall mean value of 0.93 ± 0.22 mg/kg. The Cd in the soil from the field sites ranged from 0.35 to 2.80 mg/kg and was positively correlated with the Cd concentration in the seed harvested from the respective sites. The consistency of the Cd concentration in the seed of pure lines across the four site-years was low, with correlation coefficients ranging from 0.35 to 0.53. Pure lines with consistently low Cd concentration in the seed were identified and may be useful for breeding linseed cultivars for human consumption while pure lines with consistently high Cd concentration might be used for phytoremediation of Cd-contaminated soils. Cd concentration in the seed was not significantly correlated with thousand seed weight, plant height, petal colour, seed colour, or country of origin. As a tendency, the longer the vegetative period and the later the accessions matured, the more Cd they accumulated in the seed. For linseed production in western Canada, choosing locations with a low Cd content in the soil is very important when growing flax for human consumption or feed use.
Non Abelian dual of the resolved conifold gauged linear sigma model
Authors: Cabo Bizet Nana , Jiménez Santana Yulier , Santos-Silva Roberto 
Published: January 2025

AbstractWe consider T-dualities arising from global symmetries in two dimensional Gauged Linear Sigma Models (GLSMs). The model has $$\mathcal {N}=(2,2)$$

N
=
(
2
,
2
)

supersymmetry, U(1) gauge group, and leads to the susy vacuum of the resolved conifold. It possesses the non-Abelian global symmetry $$SU(2) \times SU(2)$$

S
U
(
2
)
×
S
U
(
2
)

. A non-Abelian T-duality can be constructed, which can be described by gauging the global non-Abelian symmetry. This leads to a dual action, in terms of the dual model’s Kähler and superpotential terms, which include a dependence on twisted chiral superfields. The effective superpotentials for the U(1) vector superfield in the original and dual models are matched, determining the instanton corrections of the dual action. This is an important observable in the UV regime, which establishes the duality. We obtain the supersymmetry vacuum solution of the dual model in three cases: first, in an Abelian direction inside $$SU(2) \times SU(2)$$

S
U
(
2
)
×
S
U
(
2
)

; second, for an Abelian direction considering instanton corrections; and finally, for a semi-chiral non-Abelian vector superfield. The dual geometry for the cases without instanton corrections (SUSY vacuum space) is given by $$T^5 \times \mathbb {R}$$

T
5

×
R

. For the duality with instanton corrections, one obtains the vacuum space $$T^3 \times \mathbb {R}^2$$

T
3

×

R

2

, and with IR modifications to the twisted superpotential, one obtains a 3-fold given as a cubic polynomial on $$(\mathbb {C}^{\times })^3 \times \mathbb {C}$$

(

C

×

)

3

×
C

. We discuss the $$U(1)_A$$

U

(
1
)

A

axial R-symmetry in the dual model and its possible role.
Cr Volatilization from Cr2O3 Exposed to Ar-20%CO2 and Ar-20%CO2–40%H2O at 600–800 °C
Authors: Tengprasert Watcharapon , Chandra-ambhorn Walairat , Thublaor Thammaporn , Nilsonthi Thanasak , Chandra-ambhorn Somrerk 
Published: January 2025

Chromium volatilization from the surface of Cr2O3 pellets was investigated in the atmospheres containing Ar–20%CO2 and Ar–20%CO2–40%H2O at 600–800 °C. The measured fluxes of Cr-loss were 3–6 orders of magnitude higher than the fluxes calculated based on the conventional reaction: 1/2Cr2O3(s) + 3/4O2(g) + H2O(g) = CrO2(OH)2(g) considering both the case that O2 and H2O were from impurities and thermal decomposition of CO2 and H2O at equilibrium. As CrO3 was detected on the surface of Cr2O3 pellets after exposure to CO2-containing environments, the possible mechanism to explain chromium volatilization phenomena is proposed as chromium volatile matters should mainly be generated from the reaction between Cr2O3 and CO2 producing CrO3 on the surface of Cr2O3. The CrO3 may directly volatilize as the volatile phase of CrO3 in dry conditions or consecutively react with H2O to produce CrO2(OH)2 in humidified conditions.
Spatially Resolved Tumor Ecosystems and Cell States in Gastric Adenocarcinoma Progression and Evolution
Authors: Ma Haoran , Srivastava Supriya , Ho Shamaine Wei Ting , Xu Chang , Lian Benedict Shi Xiang , Ong Xuewen , Tay Su Ting , Sheng Taotao , Lum Huey Yew Jeffrey , Abdul Ghani Siti Aishah Binte , Chu Yunqiang , Huang Kie Kyon , Goh Yeek Teck , Lee Minghui , Hagihara Takeshi , Ng Clara Shi Ya , Tan Angie Lay Keng , Zhang Yanrong , Ding Zichen , Zhu Feng , Ng Michelle Shu Wen , Joseph Craig Ryan Cecil , Chen Hui , Li Zhen , Zhao Joseph J. , Rha Sun Young , Teh Ming , Yeong Joe , Yong Wei Peng , So Jimmy Bok-Yan , Sundar Raghav , Tan Patrick 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Gastric cancer is a major cause of global cancer mortality. To explore geospatial interactions in gastric tumors, we integrated 2,138 spatial transcriptomic regions of interest with 152,423 single-cell expression profiles across 226 cancer samples from 121 patients. We observed pervasive expression-based intratumor heterogeneity, recapitulating tumor progression through spatially localized and functionally ordered subgroups associated with specific immune microenvironments, checkpoint profiles, and genetic drivers (SOX9). Phylogenetic analysis revealed two separate evolutionary trajectories (branched evolution and internal diaspora evolution) associated with distinct molecular subtypes, clinical prognoses, and stromal neighborhoods, including VWF+ ACKR1+ endothelial cells. Spatial analysis of tumor–stroma interfaces across multiple gastric cancers highlighted new ecosystem states not attributable to mere tumor/stroma admixture, landmarked by increased GREM1 expression. Our results provide insights into how the cellular ecosystems of individual gastric cancers are sculpted by tumor-intrinsic and extrinsic selective pressures, culminating in individualized patient-specific cancer cartographies.

Significance:
Integration of spatial transcriptomic (GeoMx Digital Spatial Profiler) and single-cell RNA sequencing data from multiple gastric cancers identifies spatially resolved expression-based intratumoral heterogeneity, associated with distinct immune microenvironments. We uncovered two separate evolutionary trajectories associated with specific molecular subtypes, clinical prognoses, stromal neighborhoods, and genetic drivers. Tumor–stroma interfaces emerged as a unique state of tumor ecology.
Programa de educação postural para atletas de basquetebol adolescentes: um estudo quase-experimental
Authors: Ribeiro Tamiris de Sá , Nascimento Gabriella Lavarda do , Puel Alexia Nadine , Sanada Luciana Sayuri , Montemezzo Dayane , Sonza Anelise 
Published: January 2025

Avaliar os efeitos da aplicação do programa Escola de Postura (EDP) adaptado para atletas adolescentes, em relação à postura corporal, dores nas costas, equilíbrio dinâmico e qualidade de vida (QV). Trata-se de estudo quase-experimental de perspectiva quantitativa. Amostra foi composta por adolescentes atletas de basquetebol e do sexo masculino. Foram realizados dez encontros de 90 minutos, 1x/semana. Oito encontros foram teórico-práticos do programa EDP e dois encontros foram avaliações pré e pós-intervenções, da postura estática (biofotogrametria), dor nas costas, do equilíbrio dinâmico (Star Excursion Balance Test-Y SEBT) e aplicação de questionários (BackPEI, WHOQOL-bref). Para a análise dos dados, o teste t pareado ou teste de Wilcoxon foi usado para os dados com distribuição normal. Diferença estatística foi considerada se p valor ≤0,05. Dezoito atletas, (média±DP de idade 13,9±0,73 anos, massa corporal de 60,04±10,07, estatura 1,72±0,06 m e IMC 20,01±2,63 kg/m2) foram incluídos no estudo. Na avaliação postural houve diferença estatisticamente significativa para os ângulos frontal do membro inferior esquerdo (-1,39°±2,81 vs. -0,84°±2,57), tíbio-társico direito (83,96°±2,52 vs. 85,50°±2,94) e alinhamento vertical da cabeça na vista lateral esquerda (15,99°±10,21 vs. 7,67°± 10,11). Na análise da presença de dor nas costas autorreferida aproximadamente 17% dos atletas relataram dor, reduzindo para 8% após a PEP. Observou-se também melhora significativa para as distâncias relativas normalizadas quanto ao equilíbrio dinâmico bilateral (direito, p=0,01 e esquerdo, p=0,02) e qualidade de vida (domínio psicológico, p=0,04). Com isso, a EDP mostrou-se uma intervenção efetiva, melhorando equilíbrio, postura e aspectos da qualidade de vida dos adolescentes atletas. Programas semelhantes devem ser utilizados em atletas adolescentes, a fim de melhorar o desempenho esportivo e outros aspectos da vida diária, como itens do domínio psicológico.
Impacto de um ultratrail na qualidade de vida, no estado de estresse/recuperação, cortisol e IgA salivares
Authors: Pereira Helange Alice do Carmo , Lima Jorge Roberto Perrout de 
Published: January 2025

A ultratrail é corrida com quilometragem superior à de uma maratona realizada em terrenos variados como trilha e/ou asfalto. O número de corridas com essas características e também o número de pessoas que as finalizam aumentaram nos últimos anos, tornando-se objeto de interesse e de estudo de muitos investigadores ao redor do mundo. Os objetivos deste estudo foram observar os níveis de cortisol e IgA salivares e as respostas do WHOQOL-bref e RESTQ-sport antes e após uma competição de ultratrail de 50 km bem como verificar se há correlação entre os níveis dos biomarcadores com as respostas dos instrumentos psicométricos. Participaram 15 atletas do sexo masculino e amadores (idade 37,3±5,3 anos, massa corporal 73,2 ± 8,9kg). Os voluntários responderam, três dias antes do evento e três dias após, aos questionários WHOQOL-bref e RESTQ-sport. Coletou-se amostra de saliva 30 minutos antes e 30 minutos após a competição. Os resultados mostraram diferença significativa nos níveis de cortisol (0,82±0,84 µg/dL) e IgA (-2,03±2,69 mg/dL). Todavia, as respostas dos questionários não mostraram diferença significativa. Conclui-se que há aumento significativo nos níveis de cortisol salivar e diminuição nos níveis de IgA salivar 30 após a corrida e que os atletas que treinam regularmente (média de 65km/semana) para uma corrida de 50 km e possivelmente se sentem recuperados em até três dias após se submeterem a competição, de acordo com os questionários aplicados.