bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-term Outcomes of People With DSM Psychotic Disorder NOS
Authors: Widing Line , Simonsen Carmen , Bjella Thomas , Engen Magnus Johan , Flaaten Camilla Bärthel , Gardsjord Erlend , Haatveit Beathe , Haug Elisabeth , Lyngstad Siv Hege , Svendsen Ingrid Hartveit , Vik Ruth Kristine , Wold Kristin Fjelnseth , Åsbø Gina , Ueland Torill , Melle Ingrid 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)-IV diagnostic category “Psychotic disorder not otherwise specified” (PNOS) is seldom investigated, and we lack knowledge about long-term outcomes. We examined long-term symptom severity, global functioning, remission/recovery rates, and diagnostic stability after the first treatment for PNOS.MethodsParticipants with first-treatment PNOS (n = 32) were reassessed with structured interviews after 7 to 10 years. The sample also included narrow schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD, n = 94) and psychotic bipolar disorders (PBD, n = 54). Symptomatic remission was defined based on the Remission in Schizophrenia Working Group criteria. Clinical recovery was defined as meeting the criteria for symptomatic remission and having adequate functioning for the last 12 months.ResultsParticipants with baseline PNOS or PBD had lower symptom severity and better global functioning at follow-up than those with SSD. More participants with PNOS and PBD were in symptomatic remission and clinical recovery compared to participants with SSD. Seventeen (53%) PNOS participants retained the diagnosis, while 15 participants were diagnosed with either SSD (22%), affective disorders (19%), or substance-induced psychotic disorders (6%). Those rediagnosed with SSD did not differ from the other PNOS participants regarding baseline clinical characteristics.ConclusionsLong-term outcomes are more favorable in PNOS and PBD than in SSD. Our findings confirm diagnostic instability but also stability for a subgroup of participants with PNOS. However, it is challenging to predict diagnostic outcomes of PNOS based on clinical characteristics at first treatment.
New Endothelial Corneal Dystrophy in a Chinese Family
Authors: Ye Minjie , Lu Qinyi , Zhao Duran , Zhao Bingying , Zhang Shengquan , Liao Yi , Liao Rongfeng 
Published: February 2023

Purpose:
The aim of this study was to characterize the clinical presentation of atypical endothelial corneal dystrophy (ECD) and to identify possible associated genetic variants in a Chinese family.

Methods:
Six affected members, 4 unaffected first-degree relatives, and 3 spouses who were enrolled in this study underwent ophthalmic examinations. Genetic linkage analysis was performed for 4 affected and 2 unaffected members, and whole-exome sequencing (WES) was performed for 2 patients to identify disease-causing variants. Candidate causal variants were verified using Sanger sequencing in family members and 200 healthy controls.

Results:
The mean age at disease onset was 16.5 years. The early phenotype of this atypical ECD was characterized by multiple small white translucent spots located in Descemet membrane of the peripheral cornea. These spots coalesced to form opacities with variable shapes, and eventually merged along the limbus. Subsequently, translucent spots appeared in central Descemet membrane and accumulated, causing diffuse polymorphous opacities over time. Finally, significant endothelial decompensation led to diffuse corneal edema. A heterozygous missense variant in the KIAA1522 gene (c.1331G>A; p.R444Q) was identified by WES, which was present in all 6 patients but was absent in the unaffected members and healthy controls.

Conclusions:
The clinical features of atypical ECD are unique compared with those of known corneal dystrophies. Moreover, genetic analysis identified the c.1331G>A variant in KIAA1522, which may be responsible for the pathogenesis of this atypical ECD. Thus, we propose this is a new form of ECD based on our clinical findings.
Novel Animal Model of Limbal Stem Cell Deficiency Induced by Forcing Eye-Open at Birth
Authors: Wang He , Han Jiaxin , Hu Fen , Zhang Can , Zhao Kai , Mu Ning , Guo Jianxin , Zhu Han , Li Mingxin 
Published: February 2023

Purpose:
The aim of this study was to develop a rat model of limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD) by forcing eye-open at birth (FEOB).

Methods:
A total of 200 Sprague-Dawley neonatal rats were randomly divided into the control group and the experimental group, which received eyelid open surgery on postnatal day 1 (P1). Observation time points were defined as P1, P5, P10, P15, and P30. Slit-lamp microscope and corneal confocal microscope were used to observe the clinical features of the model. The eyeballs were collected for hematoxylin and eosin staining and periodic acid–Schiff staining. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen, CD68/polymorphonuclear leukocytes, and cytokeratin 10/12/13 immunostaining were performed, while the ultrastructure of the cornea was observed by scanning electron microscopy. Real-time polymerase chain reactions (PCRs), western blot, and immunohistochemical staining of activin A receptor-like kinase-1/5 were used to analyze the possible pathogenesis.

Results:
FEOB could successfully induce the typical manifestations of LSCD, including corneal neovascularization, severe inflammation, and corneal opacity. In the FEOB group, goblet cells could be detected in the corneal epithelium by periodic acid–Schiff staining. The expression of cytokeratins was also different between the 2 groups. Furthermore, proliferating cell nuclear antigen immunohistochemical staining revealed the weak proliferation and differentiation ability of limbal epithelial stem cells in the FEOB group. Real-time PCRs, western blot, and immunohistochemical staining of activin A receptor-like kinase-1/activin A receptor-like kinase-5 in the FEOB group showed different expression patterns than those of the control group.

Conclusions:
FEOB in rats induces ocular surface changes resembling LSCD in humans, representing a novel model of LSCD.
Outcomes of the TissueTuck Surgical Technique for Recurrent Pterygium
Authors: Desai Neel R. , Adams Bryan 
Published: February 2023

Purpose:
The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes of the TissueTuck technique in the treatment of eyes with recurrent pterygium.

Methods:
A retrospective review was performed on patients with recurrent pterygium who underwent surgical excision, followed by the application of cryopreserved amniotic membrane, using the TissueTuck technique between January 2012 and May 2019. Only patients with at least 3 months of follow-up were included for analysis. Baseline characteristics, operative time, best-corrected visual acuity, and complications were assessed.

Results:
A total of 44 eyes of 42 patients (age 60.5 ± 10.9 yrs) with single-headed (84.1%) or double-headed (15.9%) recurrent pterygium were included for analysis. The average surgical duration was 22.4 ± 8.0 minutes, and mitomycin C was administered intraoperatively in 31 eyes (72.1%). During a mean postoperative follow-up of 24.6 ± 18.3 months, there was only 1 case of recurrence (2.3%). Other complications include scarring (9.1%), granuloma formation (20.5%), and corneal melt in 1 patient with preexisting ectasia (2.3%). Best-corrected visual acuity significantly improved from 0.16 Logarithm of the Minimum Angle of Resolution at baseline to 0.10 Logarithm of the Minimum Angle of Resolution at the last postoperative follow-up (P = 0.014).

Conclusions:
TissueTuck surgery with cryopreserved amniotic membrane is safe and effective for recurrent pterygium cases with a low risk of recurrence and complications.
Accessibility and Cultural Inclusivity of Online Glaucoma-Based Video Content for Patient Education
Authors: Dahshan Deena , Johnson Nicholas , El-Hamdani Rawan , Muir Kelly W. 
Published: February 2023

Précis:
This study is the first to evaluate the ease of access, understandability, and cultural inclusivity of online glaucoma-related video content for patient education. Overall, materials were found to be poorly understandable and not culturally representative.

Purpose:
The purpose of this study is to assess the ease of access, readability, actionability, and cultural inclusivity of glaucoma-specific patient education videos found online.

Design:
Cross-sectional study.

Subjects:
Twenty-two glaucoma-based patient education videos were reviewed for this study.

Methods:
A survey of glaucoma specialists identified commonly recommended patient education Web sites, which were analyzed for video content. Web sites were reviewed by 2 independent reviewers for glaucoma-based patient education videos. Videos with content designated for medical providers, dedicated to research, or affiliated with private practices were excluded. Videos that were not glaucoma-specific or longer than 15 minutes were also excluded. The Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool was used to score videos for understandability and actionability reviewing content, word choice, organization, layout, and use of visual aids. Videos were also reviewed for cultural inclusivity and accessibility measures including language availability. Agreement analysis with a kappa coefficient (κ) over 0.6 was established with the first 5 videos between 2 independent reviewers and scoring discrepancies were resolved via a third independent reviewer.

Results:
From 10 recommended Web sites, 22 videos met inclusion criteria for evaluation. The average Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool score was 68.3% (SD = 18.4) for understandability (κ=0.63). Most videos (64%) were accessed within 3 clicks from the homepage. Only 3 videos were available in another language (Spanish). Most actors and images were White individuals (68.9%), followed by Black (22.1%), then Asian (5.7%) and other/ambiguous (3.3%).

Conclusions:
There is room for improvement regarding language accessibility, understandability, and cultural inclusivity of glaucoma-based, publicly available patient education video content.
Valproate-Associated Hyperammonemic Encephalopathy
Authors: Vaidyanathan Sivapriya , Chatorikar Shalaka , Praharaj Samir Kumar , Munoli Ravindra Neelakanthappa , Udupa Suma T. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background
Common adverse effects of valproate include sedation, tremor, gastrointestinal effects, and weight gain. Valproate-associated hyperammonemic encephalopathy (VHE) is an uncommon adverse effect of valproate therapy, which includes symptoms such as tremors, ataxia, seizures, confusion, sedation and coma. We report clinical features and management of 10 cases of VHE in a tertiary care center.

Methods
In a retrospective chart review of case records from January 2018 to June 2021, 10 patients with VHE were identified and included in this case series. The data collected include demographic information, psychiatric diagnosis, comorbidities, liver function tests, serum ammonia and serum valproate levels, dosages and duration of valproate, management of hyperammonemia including dosage variations, discontinuation, adjuvant drugs used, and whether rechallenge was done.

Results
The most common indication of starting valproate was bipolar disorder (n = 5). All the patients had more than one physical comorbidity and risk factors for developing hyperammonemia. Seven patients received valproate at a dose higher than 20 mg/kg. The duration of valproate use varied from 1 week to 19 years before developing VHE. Dose reduction or discontinuation and lactulose were the most common management strategies used. All 10 patients improved. Among the 7 patients in whom valproate was discontinued, for 2 patients valproate was reinitiated in inpatient care with careful monitoring and was found to be well tolerated

Conclusions
This case series highlights the need for a high index of suspicion for VHE as it is frequently associated with a delayed diagnosis and recovery in psychiatric settings. Screening for risk factors and serial monitoring may allow earlier diagnosis and management.
Validation of the Aktiia blood pressure cuff for clinical use according to the ANSI/AAMI/ISO 81060-2:2013 protocol
Authors: Alexandre Jérémy , Tan Kevin , Almeida Tiago P. , Sola Josep , Alpert Bruce S. , Shah Jay 
Published: February 2023

Objective
Assess the accuracy and precision of the Aktiia initialization oscillometric upper-arm cuff device (Aktiia SA, Neuchâtel, Switzerland) for home blood pressure (BP) monitoring in the general population according to the American National Standards Institute / Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation/International Organization for Standardization (ANSI/AAMI/ISO) 81060-2:2013 standard.

Methods
Three trained observers validated BP measurements performed using the Aktiia cuff versus BP measurements performed using a standard mercury sphygmomanometer. Two ISO 81060-2 criteria were used to validate the Aktiia cuff. Criterion 1 evaluated, for both SBP and DBP, whether the mean error between BP readings performed by the Aktiia cuff and auscultation was ≤±5 mmHg, and whether the SD of the error was ≤8 mmHg. Criterion 2 assessed whether, for the SBP and DBP of each individual subject, the SD of the averaged paired determinations per subject of the Aktiia cuff and of the auscultation met the criteria listed in the table of Averaged Subject Data Acceptance.

Results
Mean differences between the Aktiia cuff and the standard mercury sphygmomanometer (criterion 1) were 1.3 ± 7.11 mmHg for SBP and −0.2 ± 5.46 mmHg for DBP. The SD of the averaged paired differences per subject (criterion 2) was 6.55 mmHg for SBP and 5.15 mmHg for DBP.

Conclusion
Aktiia initialization cuff complies with the requirements of the ANSI/AAMI/ISO guidelines and can be safely recommended for BP measurements in the adult population.
A Retrospective Study to Determine the Impact of Psychedelic Therapy for Dimensional Measures of Wellness: A Qualitative Analysis of Response Data
Authors: Virgilio Victoria Di , Minerbi Amir , Fletcher Jenna , Virgilio Anthony Di , Aggerwal Salena , Sheen Luke , Deol Jagpaul Kaur , Gupta Gaurav 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe World Health Organization (WHO) defines wellness as the optimal state of health of individuals and groups. No study to date has identified the impact of psychedelic medicines for optimizing wellness using a dimensional approach. Treatment effects can be measured more broadly using a composite score of participants’ global perceptions of change for pain, function, and mood scores. Given the precedence in previous work for retrospective study of participants’ self-medicating with these substances, the nature of this study design allows for a safe way to develop further evidence in this area of care, with wellness as the broad indication.Methods65 civilian or military veterans between the ages of 18-99 self-identifying as having used psychedelic medicines for non-recreational therapeutic purposes in the last 3 years were recruited for this study. Participants completed various standardized questionnaires that will be analyzed in a separate study, while this study analyzed the qualitative experiences described in relation to the medicines used and coded them according to themes developed from review of previous literature.ResultsA total of 93 comments were analyzed. Participant comments were classified into these categories: mysticism and spirituality, functional improvement and self awareness, social connection and cultural impact, impact on medical and mental health conditions, neutral impressions, sensations or difficult experiences. Participants described impacts in these categories related to spiritual, physiological, psychological, and social improvements, as well as difficulties and complex emotions regarding the experience of using psychedelic medicines.DiscussionWellness of individuals or groups is not simply an absence of disease, symptoms, or impairments. Rather, it reflects the outcome of numerous personal characteristics, psychophysiology, and choices, expressed throughout one’s lifespan, unfolding in dynamic interaction with a complicated socio-cultural and physical environment. Participants that used psychedelic medicines described improvement of medical and mental health conditions, social interaction, spirituality, and overall function. In general, quality of life and wellness consequently improved after the use of these medicines based on established multidimensional factors.ConclusionThe use of various psychedelic medicines appears to be associated with a broad range of qualitative experiences that could help clarify the mechanism of how they impact wellness in the future.
Beta-catenin mediates growth defects induced by centrosome loss in APC mutant colorectal cancer independently of p53
Authors: Bourmoum Mohamed , Radulovich Nikolina , Tsao Ming-Sound , Pelletier Laurence 
Published: February 2023

AbstractColorectal cancer is the third most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. The centrosome is the main microtubule-organizing center in animal cells and centrosome amplification is a hallmark of cancer cells. To investigate the importance of centrosomes in colorectal cancer, we induced centrosome loss in normal and cancer human-derived colorectal organoids using centrinone B, a Polo-like kinase 4 (Plk4) inhibitor. We show that centrosome loss represses human normal colorectal organoid growth in a p53-dependent manner in accordance with previous studies in cell models [1]. However, cancer colorectal organoid lines exhibited different sensitivities to centrosome loss independently of p53. Centrinone-induced cancer organoid growth defect/death positively correlated with a loss of function mutation in the APC gene, suggesting a causal role of the hyperactive WNT pathway. Consistent with this notion, β-catenin inhibition using XAV-939 or ICG-001 partially prevented centrinone-induced death and rescued the growth of APC-mutant organoid lines. Our study reveals a novel role for canonical WNT signaling in regulating centrosome loss-induced growth defect/death in APC-mutant colorectal cancer independently of the classical p53 pathway.
Optical tools for visualizing and controlling human GLP-1 receptor activation with high spatiotemporal resolution
Authors: Duffet Loïc , Williams Elyse T. , Gresch Andrea , Chen Simin , Bhat Musadiq A. , Benke Dietmar , Hartrampf Nina , Patriarchi Tommaso 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP1R) is a broadly expressed target of peptide hormones with essential roles in energy and glucose homeostasis, as well as of the blockbuster weight-loss drugs semaglutide and liraglutide. Despite its large clinical relevance, tools to investigate the precise activation dynamics of this receptor with high spatiotemporal resolution are limited. Here we introduce a novel genetically-encoded sensor based on the engineering of a circularly-permuted green fluorescent protein into the human GLP1R, named GLPLight1. We demonstrate that fluorescence signal from GLPLight1 accurately reports the expected receptor conformational activation in response to pharmacological ligands with high sensitivity (max ΔF/F0= 528%) and temporal resolution (τON= 4.7 sec). We further demonstrated that GLPLight1 shows comparable responses to GLP-1 derivatives as observed for the native receptor. Using GLPLight1, we established an all-optical assay to characterize a novel photocaged GLP-1 derivative (photo-GLP1) and to demonstrate optical control of GLP1R activation. Thus, the new all-optical toolkit introduced here enhances our ability to study GLP1R activation with high spatiotemporal resolution.
Underreporting of SARS-CoV-2 infections during the first wave of the 2020 COVID-19 epidemic in Finland - Bayesian inference based on a series of serological surveys
Authors: Nieminen Tuomo A. , Auranen Kari , Kulathinal Sangita , Härkänen Tommi , Melin Merit , Palmu Arto A. , Jokinen Jukka 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn Finland, the first wave of the COVID-19 epidemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) took place from March to June 2020, with the majority of COVID-19 cases diagnosed in the extended capital region. The magnitude and trend in the incidence of COVID-19 is one way to monitor the course of the epidemic. The diagnosed COVID-19 cases are a subset of the infections and therefore the COVID-19 incidence underestimates the SARS-CoV-2 incidence. The likelihood that an individual with SARS-CoV-2 infection is diagnosed with COVID-19 depends on the clinical manifestation as well as the infection testing policy and capacity. These factors may fluctuate over time and the underreporting of infections changes accordingly. Quantifying the extent of underreporting allows the assessment of the true incidence of infection. To obtain information on the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in Finland, a series of serological surveys was initiated in April 2020. We develop a Bayesian inference approach and apply it to data from the serological surveys, registered COVID-19 cases, and external data, to estimate the time-dependent underreporting of SARS-Cov-2 infections during the first wave of the COVID-19 epidemic in Finland. There were 1 to 5 (95% probability) SARS-CoV-2 infections for every COVID-19 case during the first wave of the COVID-19 epidemic in Finland. The underreporting was highest before April when there were 4 to 17 (95% probability) infections for every COVID-19 case. It is likely that between 0.5%–1.0% (50% probability) and no more than 1.5% (95% probability) of the population in the extended capital region were infected with SARS-CoV-2 by the beginning of July 2020.
A Single-cell Perturbation Landscape of Colonic Stem Cell Polarisation
Authors: Qin Xiao , Rodriguez Ferran Cardoso , Sufi Jahangir , Vlckova Petra , Claus Jeroen , Tape Christopher J. 
Published: February 2023

Cancer cells are regulated by oncogenic mutations and microenvironmental signals, yet these processes are often studied separately. To functionally map how cell-intrinsic and cell-extrinsic cues co-regulate cell-fate in colorectal cancer (CRC), we performed a systematic single-cell analysis of 1,071 colonic organoid cultures regulated by 1) CRC oncogenic mutations, 2) microenvironmental fibroblasts and macrophages, 3) stromal ligands, and 4) signalling inhibitors. Multiplexed single-cell analysis revealed a stepwise epithelial differentiation landscape dictated by combinations of oncogenes and stromal ligands, spanning from fibroblast-induced Clusterin (CLU)+revival colonic stem cells (revCSC) to oncogene-driven LRIG1+hyper-proliferative CSC (proCSC). The transition from revCSC to proCSC is regulated by decreasing WNT3A and TGF-β-driven YAP signalling and increasing KRASG12Dor stromal EGF/Epiregulin-activated MAPK/PI3K flux. We find APC-loss and KRASG12Dcollaboratively limit access to revCSC and disrupt stromal-epithelial communication – trapping epithelia in the proCSC fate. These results reveal that oncogenic mutations dominate homeostatic differentiation by obstructing cell-extrinsic regulation of cell-fate plasticity.Highlights1,071-condition single-cell transition map of colonic stem cell polarisation regulated by oncogenic and mircoenvironmental cues.Fibroblasts polarise WT colonic epithelia towardsClu+revCSC via TGF-β1 and YAP signalling.APC-loss and KRASG12Ddrive aBirc5+,Lrig1+, andEphb2+proCSC fate via MAPK and PI3K.Oncogenic mutations disrupt stromal regulation of epithelial plasticity, trapping cells in the proCSC fate.