bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental research on compressibility characteristics of recycled concrete aggregate: recycled tire waste mixtures
Authors: Gabryś Katarzyna 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe utilization of processed rubber and construction waste in lieu of soil as a substrate could improve significantly seismic performance, while addressing the pressing environmental issue of how to reutilize and dispose of, i.e., automotive tires and demolition by-products. In this study, a series of laboratory tests explore the influence of recycled tire waste (RTW) and recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) fine particles on the compressibility parameters of RCA–RTW mixtures. The results revealed that the addition of rubber waste to RCA causes an increase in its compressibility and consolidation index (cv) while prompting a power law decrease in the associated void ratio. It is found that all RCA–RTW mixtures are characterized by higher values of the compression (CC) and swelling (CS) indexes when compared to the pure RCA specimens while presenting a primary and secondary constrained modulus of fewer than 42 MPa and 96 MPa, respectively.
InterpolatiON of InSAR Time series for the dEtection of ground deforMatiOn eVEnts (ONtheMOVE): application to slow-moving landslides
Authors: Pedretti Laura , Bordoni Massimiliano , Vivaldi Valerio , Figini Silvia , Parnigoni Matteo , Grossi Alessandra , Lanteri Luca , Tararbra Mauro , Negro Nicoletta , Meisina Claudia 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe aim of this work is to develop an innovative methodology to analyse the time series (TS) of interferometric satellite data. TS are important tools for the ground displacement monitoring, mostly in areas in which in situ instruments are scarce. The proposed methodology allows to classify the trend of TS in three classes (uncorrelated, linear, non-linear) and to obtain the parameters of non-linear time series to characterise the magnitude and timing of changes of ground instabilities. These parameters are the beginning and end of the non-linear deformation break(s), the length of the event(s) in days, and the quantification of the cumulative displacement in mm. The methodology was tested on two Sentinel-1 datasets (2014–2020) covering the Alpine and Apennine sectors of the Piemonte region, an area prone to slow-moving slope instabilities. The results were validated at the basin scale (Pellice-Chisone and Piota basin) and at a local scale (Brenvetto, Champlas du Col and Casaleggio Boiro landslides) comparing with in situ monitoring system measurements, possible triggering factors (rainfall, snow) and already-collected events of the territory. The good correlation of the results has proven that the methodology can be a useful tool to local and regional authorities for risk planning and management of the area, also in terms of near real-time monitoring of the territory both at local and regional scale.
Quantification of aquatic unicellular diazotrophs by immunolabeled flow cytometry
Authors: Geisler Eyal , Siebner Hagar , Rahav Eyal , Bar-Zeev Edo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractUnicellular diazotrophs are recognized as important contributors to the aquatic nitrogen cycle. Yet, quantifying the number of aquatic diazotrophs, especially the unicellular fraction, is highly challenging and relies mostly on microscopical and molecular approaches. In this study, a new flow cytometry-based method was developed to quantify unicellular diazotrophs by immunolabeling the nitrogenase enzyme. The quantification method was initially developed using a diazotrophic monoculture (Vibrio natriegens) and verified by different controls as well as various auxiliary approaches such as N2 fixation and confocal laser scanning microscopy. It was evident that only 15–20% of the total number of V. natriegens cells synthesized the nitrogenase enzyme, even though the media was N-limited and anaerobic. This approach was further tested on field samples collected from marine and freshwater environments. Overall, the number of unicellular diazotrophs measured in various aquatic environments ranged from 1 to 6 × 107 cells L−1. However, the fraction of these diazotrophs compared to total bacteria was significantly lower in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea (0.1%) than that collected along the Jordan River (4.7%). Nevertheless, N2 fixation rates per cell were highest in the Mediterranean Sea (~ 90 attomole N cell−1d−1), while lower in the lake and the river measured herein (1.4 to 0.3 attomole N cell−1 d−1, respectively). Following the above, this direct quantification approach can provide new insights on the number and specific contribution of unicellular diazotrophs to total N2 fixation in marine and freshwater environments.
Asymptotically exact a posteriori error estimates for the BDM finite element approximation of mixed Laplace eigenvalue problems
Authors: Lederer Philip L. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe derive optimal and asymptotically exact a posteriori error estimates for the approximation of the eigenfunction of the Laplace eigenvalue problem. To do so, we combine two results from the literature. First, we use the hypercircle techniques developed for mixed eigenvalue approximations with Raviart-Thomas finite elements. In addition, we use the post-processings introduced for the eigenvalue and eigenfunction based on mixed approximations with the Brezzi-Douglas-Marini finite element. To combine these approaches, we define a novel additional local post-processing for the fluxes that appropriately modifies the divergence without compromising the approximation properties. Consequently, the new flux can be used to derive optimal and asymptotically exact upper bounds for the eigenfunction, and optimal upper bounds for the corresponding eigenvalue. Numerical examples validate the theory and motivate the use of an adaptive mesh refinement.
Developing Artificial Human-Like Arithmetical Intelligence (and Why)
Authors: Pantsar Markus 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWhy would we want to develop artificial human-like arithmetical intelligence, when computers already outperform humans in arithmetical calculations? Aside from arithmetic consisting of much more than mere calculations, one suggested reason is that AI research can help us explain the development of human arithmetical cognition. Here I argue that this question needs to be studied already in the context of basic, non-symbolic, numerical cognition. Analyzing recent machine learning research on artificial neural networks, I show how AI studies could potentially shed light on the development of human numerical abilities, from the proto-arithmetical abilities of subitizing and estimating to counting procedures. Although the current results are far from conclusive and much more work is needed, I argue that AI research should be included in the interdisciplinary toolbox when we try to explain the development and character of numerical cognition and arithmetical intelligence. This makes it relevant also for the epistemology of mathematics.
Understanding public service supply chain management: a systematic literature review
Authors: Sienkiewicz-Małyjurek Katarzyna , Szymczak Maciej 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe complexity of delivering public services under dynamically changing operating conditions causes uncertainty in those processes. Economic and social crises, pandemics, natural and technological threats and local armed conflicts add more layers of complexity and force governments to seek ways to ensure the continuous supply of these services. Therefore, researchers indicate that a supply chain management approach could increase the efficiency and quality of public service implementation processes. However, the scattered research that exists on this topic occurs in limited areas of public governance. Therefore, this paper aims to understand the importance of supply chain management in public service delivery processes, develop the public service supply chain model, analyse the evolution of the research and identify research streams in this exploratory area. A systematic literature review based on the PRISMA methodology serves to achieve this purpose. The paper defines public service supply chain management as a synchronised process of co-creating value in public networks with its basis in relationship management, in which each actor can be both a supplier and an end-user. This paper also presents a bibliographic visualisation of research issues in public service supply chain management (PSSCM) and identifies eight major research streams in this area.
Treatment of obstructive sleep apnea with a simple CPAP device
Authors: Qiu Zhi-Hui , Liang Shan-Feng , Deng Xiao-Bin , Wei Qi-Shan , Luo Ying-Mei , Wang Lu , Wu Ying-Xin , Steier Joerg , McEvoy R. D. , Luo Yuan-Ming 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose
CPAP is the “gold standard” treatment for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Current CPAP models have developed additional functions including automatic CPAP and pressure relief. However, CPAP adherence has not improved over the last three decades. Many patients in low-income countries cannot afford these CPAP devices. A novel simple CPAP device with a fixed pressure without pressure controller was developed.

Methods
Manual CPAP pressure titration was performed in 127 patients with OSA. Six patients with a titration pressure higher than 11 cmH2O and 14 patients who could not tolerate CPAP were excluded, leaving 107 participating in the following 2 studies. In study one, 54 of 107 patients were treated by both conventional fixed CPAP and simple CPAP in random order. In the second study, another 53 patients were treated by both autoCPAP in automatic function and simple CPAP in random order. Simple CPAP was fixed at 10 cmH2O, 8 cmH2O, and 6 cmH2O for patients whose titration pressure was between 9–10, 7–8, and ≤ 6 cmH2O, respectively. Conventional fixed CPAP device was set exactly the same as manual titration pressure.

Results
All patients whose manual titration pressure ≤ 10 cmH2O were effectively treated by simple CPAP (AHI 40.7 ± 2.3 events/h before vs 2.5 ± 0.3 events/h after, p < 0.001). Patients expressed similar preferences for simple CPAP, autoCPAP, and conventional fixed CPAP (p > 0.05).

Conclusions
We conclude that a novel simple CPAP is an alternative treatment for most patients with OSA, which may widen access to CPAP therapy in the developing countries because of its low cost.
Unique trans-kingdom microbiome structural and functional signatures predict cognitive decline in older adults
Authors: Chaudhari Diptaraj S. , Jain Shalini , Yata Vinod K. , Mishra Sidharth P. , Kumar Ambuj , Fraser Amoy , Kociolek Judyta , Dangiolo Mariana , Smith Amanda , Golden Adam , Masternak Michal M. , Holland Peter , Agronin Marc , White-Williams Cynthia , Arikawa Andrea Y. , Labyak Corinne A. , Yadav Hariom 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe prevalence of age-related cognitive disorders/dementia is increasing, and effective prevention and treatment interventions are lacking due to an incomplete understanding of aging neuropathophysiology. Emerging evidence suggests that abnormalities in gut microbiome are linked with age-related cognitive decline and getting acceptance as one of the pillars of the Geroscience hypothesis. However, the potential clinical importance of gut microbiome abnormalities in predicting the risk of cognitive decline in older adults is unclear. Till now the majority of clinical studies were done using 16S rRNA sequencing which only accounts for analyzing bacterial abundance, while lacking an understanding of other crucial microbial kingdoms, such as viruses, fungi, archaea, and the functional profiling of the microbiome community. Utilizing data and samples of older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI; n = 23) and cognitively healthy controls (n = 25). Our whole-genome metagenomic sequencing revealed that the gut of older adults with MCI harbors a less diverse microbiome with a specific increase in total viruses and a decrease in bacterial abundance compared with controls. The virome, bacteriome, and microbial metabolic signatures were significantly distinct in subjects with MCI versus controls. Selected bacteriome signatures show high predictive potential of cognitive dysfunction than virome signatures while combining virome and metabolic signatures with bacteriome boosts the prediction power. Altogether, the results from our pilot study indicate that trans-kingdom microbiome signatures are significantly distinct in MCI gut compared with controls and may have utility for predicting the risk of developing cognitive decline and dementia- debilitating public health problems in older adults.
The Effect of Minimum Unit Pricing for Alcohol on Prescriptions for Treatment of Alcohol Dependence: A Controlled Interrupted Time Series Analysis
Authors: Manca Francesco , Zhang Lisong , Fitzgerald Niamh , Mackay Daniel , McAuley Andrew , Sharp Clare , Lewsey Jim 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn 2018, Scotland introduced a minimum unit price (MUP) for alcohol to reduce alcohol-related harms. We aimed to study the association between MUP introduction and the volume of prescriptions to treat alcohol dependence, and volume of new patients receiving such prescriptions. We also examined whether effects varied across different socio-economic groups. A controlled interrupted time series was used to examine variations of our two outcomes. The same prescriptions in England and prescriptions for methadone in Scotland were used as controls. There was no evidence of an association between MUP implementation and the volume of prescriptions for alcohol dependence (immediate change: 2.74%, 95% CI: -0.068 0.014; slope change: 0% 95%CI: -0.001 0.000). A small, significant increase in slope in number of new patients receiving prescriptions was observed (0.2% 95%CI: 0.001 0.003). However, no significant results were confirmed after robustness checks. We found also no variation across different socioeconomic groups.
Work Addiction and Stimulant Use: Latent Profile Analysis in a Representative Population Study
Authors: Kun Bernadette , Fetahu Dardana , Mervó Barbara , Magi Anna , Eisinger Andrea , Paksi Borbála , Demetrovics Zsolt 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIndividuals with work addiction (WA) are characterized by low self-esteem, high obsessiveness, and impulsiveness; they are overloaded with tasks and show sleep problems. These characteristics suggest that workaholics might be prone to use psychostimulant substances; however, this relationship has never been investigated. The present study aimed to explore the prevalence of psychostimulant use among individuals with WA in a representative sample (N = 3076). Lifetime, last year, and last month prevalence of licit and illicit stimulant use were explored. Bergen Work Addiction Scale and the 18-item version of the Brief Symptom Inventory were applied for assessing WA and psychopathological symptoms. Addictive workers showed significantly higher prevalence of smoking, energy drink consumption, amphetamine, NPS, and cocaine use than non-addictive workers. Moreover, they also reported more psychopathological symptoms. Since addictive workers have a higher vulnerability to potentially risky stimulant use, workplace mental health programs should address screening and prevention of WA.
P2P energy trading via public power networks: Practical challenges, emerging solutions, and the way forward
Authors: Zhou Yue , Wu Jianzhong , Gan Wei 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Peer-to-peer (P2P) energy trading is an emerging energy supply paradigm where customers with distributed energy resources (DERs) are allowed to directly trade and share electricity with each other. P2P energy trading can facilitate local power and energy balance, thus being a potential way to manage the rapidly increasing number of DERs in net zero transition. It is of great importance to explore P2P energy trading via public power networks, to which most DERs are connected. Despite the extensive research on P2P energy trading, there has been little large-scale commercial deployment in practice across the world. In this paper, the practical challenges of conducting P2P energy trading via public power networks are identified and presented, based on the analysis of a practical Local Virtual Private Networks (LVPNs) case in North Wales, UK. The ongoing efforts and emerging solutions to tackling the challenges are then summarized and critically reviewed. Finally, the way forward for facilitating P2P energy trading via public power networks is proposed.
Spur cells in liver cirrhosis are predictive of acute-on-chronic liver failure and liver-related mortality regardless of severe anaemia
Authors: Bevilacqua Michele , De Marco Leonardo , Stupia Roberta , Dima Francesco , Cattazzo Filippo , Paon Veronica , Ieluzzi Donatella , Dalbeni Andrea , Sacerdoti David 
Published: May 2023

AbstractChronic anaemia in advanced liver disease is a frequent finding. The aim was to explore the clinical impact of spur cell anaemia, a rare entity typically associated with end-stage of the disease. One-hundred and nineteen patients (73.9% males) with liver cirrhosis of any etiology were included. Patients with bone marrow diseases, nutrients deficiencies and hepatocellular carcinoma were excluded. In all patients, a blood sample was collected to check for the presence of spur cells on blood smear. A complete blood biochemical panel was recorded together with Child–Pugh (CP) score and Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score. For each patients, clinically relevant events, such as acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) and 1 year liver-related mortality, were registered. Patients were then grouped according to the percentage of spur cells at smear (> 5%, 1–5%, < 1%). Severe anaemia was defined as haemoglobin levels lower than 8 g/dL. 9.2% of subjects had > 5% spur cells, only 2 had evidence of haemolysis. In patients with > 5% spur cells, haemoglobin and albumin were lower compared with the other sub-group, while MELD score, CP score, International Normalized Ratio, ferritin, creatinine and unconjugated bilirubin were higher. Patients with more spur cells were more decompensated and developed more frequently ACLF. ACLF and liver-related mortality were significantly and independently associated with the presence of > 5% spur cells but not with baseline severe anaemia. Cirrhotic patients have a fairly high prevalence of spur cells, not always associated with severe haemolytic anaemia. The presence of spur red cells is per se associated with a worse prognosis and, therefore, should be always evaluated to prioritize patients for intensive management and eventually liver transplantation.
The Verlinde traces for $$SU_{X}(2,\xi )$$ and blow-ups
Authors: Moreno-Mejía Israel , Silva-López Dan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractGiven a compact Riemann surface X of genus at least 2 with automorphism group G, we provide formulae that enable us to compute traces of automorphisms of X on the space of global sections of G-linearized line bundles defined on certain blow-ups of projective spaces along the curve X. The method is an adaptation of one used by Thaddeus to compute the dimensions of those spaces. In particular, we can compute the traces of automorphisms of X on the Verlinde spaces corresponding to the moduli space $$SU_{X}(2,\xi )$$

S

U
X

(
2
,
ξ
)

when $$\xi $$
ξ
is a line bundle G-linearized of suitable degree.
Wasserstein enabled Bayesian optimization of composite functions
Authors: Candelieri Antonio , Ponti Andrea , Archetti Francesco 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBayesian optimization (BO) based on the Gaussian process model (GP-BO) has become the most used approach for the global optimization of black-box functions and computationally expensive optimization problems. BO has proved its sample efficiency and its versatility in a wide range of engineering and machine learning problems. A limiting factor in its applications is the difficulty of scaling over 15–20 dimensions. In order to mitigate this drawback, it has been remarked that optimization problems can have a lower intrinsic dimensionality. Several optimization strategies, built on this observation, map the original problem into a lower dimension manifold. In this paper we take a novel approach mapping the original problem into a space of discrete probability distributions endowed with a Wasserstein metric. The Wasserstein space is a non-linear manifold whose elements are discrete probability distributions. The input of the Gaussian process is given by discrete probability distributions and the acquisition function becomes a functional in the Wasserstein space. The minimizer of the acquisition functional in the Wasserstein space is then mapped back to the original space using a neural network. Computational results for three test functions with dimensionality ranging from 5 to 100, show that the exploration in the Wasserstein space is significantly more effective than that performed by plain Bayesian optimization in the Euclidean space and its advantage grows with the dimensions of the search space.
A Heterogeneous Sampling Strategy to Model Earthquake-Triggered Landslides
Authors: Yang Hui , Shi Peijun , Quincey Duncan , Qi Wenwen , Yang Wentao 
Published: May 2023

AbstractRegional modeling of landslide hazards is an essential tool for the assessment and management of risk in mountain environments. Previous studies that have focused on modeling earthquake-triggered landslides report high prediction accuracies. However, it is common to use a validation strategy with an equal number of landslide and non-landslide samples, scattered homogeneously across the study area. Consequently, there are overestimations in the epicenter area, and the spatial pattern of modeled locations does not agree well with real events. In order to improve landslide hazard mapping, we proposed a spatially heterogeneous non-landslide sampling strategy by considering local ratios of landslide to non-landslide area. Coseismic landslides triggered by the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake on the eastern Tibetan Plateau were used as an example. To assess the performance of the new strategy, we trained two random forest models that shared the same hyperparameters. The first was trained using samples from the new heterogeneous strategy, and the second used the traditional approach. In each case the spatial match between modeled and measured (interpreted) landslides was examined by scatterplot, with a 2 km-by-2 km fishnet. Although the traditional approach achieved higher AUCROC (0.95) accuracy than the proposed one (0.85), the coefficient of determination (R2) for the new strategy (0.88) was much higher than for the traditional strategy (0.55). Our results indicate that the proposed strategy outperforms the traditional one when comparing against landslide inventory data. Our work demonstrates that higher prediction accuracies in landslide hazard modeling may be deceptive, and validation of the modeled spatial pattern should be prioritized. The proposed method may also be used to improve the mapping of precipitation-induced landslides. Application of the proposed strategy could benefit precise assessment of landslide risks in mountain environments.