bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predicting Postoperative Injury and Military Discharge Status After Knee Surgery in the US Army
Authors: Adams Benjamin G. , Taylor Kathryn M. , Cameron Kenneth L. , Ritland Bradley M. , Westrick Richard B. 
Published: July 2023

Background: Researchers have assessed postoperative injury or disability predictors in the military setting but typically focused on 1 type of surgical procedure at a time, used relatively small sample sizes, or investigated mixed cohorts with civilian populations. Purpose: To identify the relationship between baseline variables and injury incidence or military discharge status in US Army soldiers after knee surgery. Study Design: Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Data were obtained from a repository containing personnel, performance, and medical records for all active-duty US Army soldiers. Multivariate logistic regressions were used to estimate the effects of numerous variables on postoperative injury or on medical discharge. Variable selection and model validation were conducted using the k-fold method. Results: A total of 7567 soldiers underwent knee surgery between 2017 and 2019. Meniscal procedures were the most common type of surgery (39%), and approximately 71% of the cohort had a postoperative injury. Significant predictors for sustaining a postoperative injury included having a previous nonknee injury (odds ratio [OR], 1.5), female sex (OR, 1.3), and Black race (OR, 1.2). Within 4 years after surgery, 17% of soldiers were discharged from the military because of knee-related disability. Significant predictors for discharge from duty included enlisted rank (OR, 2.3), recent fitness test failure (OR, 1.9), number of previous knee surgeries (OR, 1.7), and having a previous nonknee injury (OR, 1.6). Conclusion: After knee surgery, nearly three-fourths of the soldiers in this cohort sustained a postoperative injury and almost one-fifth of soldiers were medically discharged from the military within 4 years. This study identified variables that indicate statistically increased risk for these postoperative outcomes and highlighted potentially modifiable factors.
Effect biomarkers of nanoparticle-exposed workers: A scoping review
Authors: Blank-Porat Diana , Amster Eric 
Published: July 2023

The widespread and increasing use of engineered nanomaterials (i.e., particulate materials measuring 1–100 nanometers (nm) in at least one dimension) poses a potential health and safety risk to exposed workers. The unique properties of nanomaterials have made nanomaterials useful in multiple industries. However, their production and use may compromise worker health, presenting an emerging occupational health hazard, the acute and chronic effects of which have not been fully assessed. In this scoping review, we critically assess the literature on biomarkers of effect from nanoparticles and discuss the utility of biomonitoring as a means of assessing the physiological effects of nanoparticle exposure among nanotechnology workers. Multiple databases were queried based on select inclusion and exclusion criteria according to PRISMA guidelines, and articles were independently screened by two topic experts. Of 286 articles initially retrieved, 28 were included after screening and eligibility. The reviewed articles indicated that sensitive effect biomarkers could reflect early health effects of exposure to nanoparticles in the workplace and may be useful for monitoring toxicological effects and associated risks.
The importance of appraising articles and conducting psychiatric journal clubs
Authors: Miller Edward , Weightman Michael James , Basu Ashna , Amos Andrew 
Published: July 2023

Objective To describe the importance of scientifically rigorous journal clubs in psychiatric education, and to provide a framework to effectively run journal clubs and appraise articles in a journal club format. This paper explores the concept of journal clubs and describes issues with the current state of academic science. It then lists factors associated with effectiveness of journal clubs and outlines a structure for appraising articles relevant to psychiatric practice in a journal club format. Conclusions Current models of academic research and publishing, which can reward practices vulnerable to multiple forms of bias, make the consistent and valued use of journal clubs in psychiatric education and continuing professional development more important than ever. The literature shows that journal clubs can provide a valuable forum for mental health clinicians to update themselves on recent medical and scientific knowledge, while practicing and teaching skills in critical appraisal of research, statistics, clinical decision-making and epidemiology.
Determination of drug–drug interaction in breast cancer patients receiving doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide regimen
Authors: Mahfouz Mona , Alkhalid Zaid Nabeel , Birand Nevzat 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionDrug interactions constitute a significant issue in cancer treatment. Therefore, it is important to assess and analyze all cancer patients’ therapies prior to the initiation of chemotherapy.MethodsA retrospective observational study was conducted at the Near East University Hospital Oncology Department located in North Cyprus between June 2019 and December 2021. The aim of the study was to determine the nature, type, and frequency of potential drug–drug interactions in breast cancer patients receiving a doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide regimen using Drugs.com, Lexicomp, and Micromedex databases while comparing the three electronic databases, according to the frequency, mechanism, and severity of drug–drug interactions.ResultsThe study included 40 patients (44.4%) out of 90 patients diagnosed with breast cancer, as 50 patients (55.6%) who did not match the criteria were excluded. According to the Lexicomp database, 12 patients (30%) with breast cancer had 14 potential drug–drug interactions, according to the Drugs.com database, 15 patients (37.5%) with breast cancer had 22 potential drug–drug interactions, and according to the Micromedex database, 13 patients (32.5%) with breast cancer had 15 potential drug–drug interactions. Pearson correlation indicated a weak association (Lexicomp: r = 0.475, p = 0.002 and Micromedex: r = 0.491, p = 0.001) and a moderate association (Drugs.com: r = 0.500, p = 0.001) between potential drug–drug interactions and five or more medications.ConclusionThis study showed that the Drugs.com database detected more potential drug interactions between chemotherapy and nonchemotherapy than the Lexicomp and Micromedex databases. Comprehensive drug review, use of electronic health record systems, and collaboration between healthcare providers such as pharmacists and physicians may be necessary strategies to minimize potential drug–drug interactions and optimize cancer treatment in patients with breast cancer.
A Study on the Effect of Traditional Chinese Exercise Combined With Rhythm Training on the Intervention of Older Adults With Mild Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Zhang Qiang , Zhu Menglong , Huang Lili , Zhu Miao , Liu Xiaolei , Zhou Ping , Meng Tao 
Published: July 2023

Background To examine the effect of combination exercise program on cognitive function of older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and identify biomarkers associated with improvement of cognitive functions. Methods Subjects were 42 older adults (ages, 60-80 years) with MCI. The subjects were randomly classified to traditional Chinese exercise combined with rhythm training group (TCE + RTG, n = 14), walking group (WG, n = 14), and control group (CG, n = 14), according to their level of MMSE scores. These groups exercised for 60 minutes at 1 session, 3 sessions a week for 12 weeks. The intervention program was conducted under multitask conditions to stimulate attention and memory, and the control group attended 3 education classes. Measurements were administered before, after the 6-week, and after the 12-week intervention period; Measurements: The Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT), Activities of Daily Living Scale (ADL), and the 17-item Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD-17), along with the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). A repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to examine differences among the 3 groups and between the 3 testing times (pre-test vs middle-test vs post-test). Results (1) The TCE + RTG showed significant improvement in the MMSE, MoCA, SDMT, and ADL scale test results ( P < .01) and HAMD-17 scale test results ( P < .05). The WG also showed significant improvement in the MMSE, MoCA, and HAMD-17 scale test results ( P < .05) and the ADL scale test results ( P < .01). While there was no significant change in the CG after the intervention. (2) The TCE + RTG and WG showed positive improvement in peripheral blood BDNF levels, while the CG showed a decrease in these test results. There were significant differences between the TCE + RTG and CG before and after the intervention. Conclusion The results suggested that a TCE + RT is beneficial for improving memory and maintaining general cognitive function and peripheral blood BDNF levels in older adults with MCI. Peripheral blood BDNF levels may predict improvement of cognitive functions in older adults with MCI. Further studies are required to determine the positive effects of TCE + RT on cognitive function in older adults with MCI. Trial Registration: ChiCTR2200058545, Registered 10 April 2022.
We care but we’re not carers: perceptions and experiences of social prescribing in a UK national community organisation
Authors: Porter B , Wood C , Belderson P , Manning C , Meadows R , Sanderson K , Hanson S 
Published: July 2023

Aims: (1) To explore how social prescribing referrals impact experiences of existing members of a voluntary and community-based organisation and (2) to describe the processes and relationships associated with joining community and voluntary organisations. Methods: Online survey and qualitative interviews with members of Men’s Sheds, a global volunteer-led initiative to address loneliness and social isolation in men. 93 self-selecting Shed members (average age 67 years, 93% male) from across England and Scotland took part in the survey about demographics, joining the Shed, and free-text questions about experiences in the Shed. From the survey participants, 21 Shed members were purposively sampled and interviewed to explore the impact of social prescribing and referrals on the Sheds. Results: Participating in the Men’s Shed was often associated with a significant change in personal circumstances, and Sheds provided a unique social support space, particularly valuable for men. Key factors around experiences of social prescribing and referral mechanisms were identified. We developed three themes: the experience of joining a Shed, success factors and risks of social prescribing, and ‘we care but we’re not carers’. Conclusions: The results show that Men’s Sheds are a caring organisation, but their members are not trained as professional carers, and men come to the Shed for their own personal reasons. They are concerned about the potential additional responsibilities associated with formal referrals. They encourage the development of relationships and local-level understanding of the essence of Sheds to enable social prescribing. As models of social prescribing grow nationally and internationally, collaboratively working with voluntary and community organisations to develop a mutually beneficial approach is essential for the effectiveness and sustainability of social prescribing in community health.
Radiographic Measurements of the Foot and Ankle After Ankle Arthrodesis
Authors: Boivin Jordan , Traynor Christopher , Stehlik Kevin , Jastifer James 
Published: July 2023

Background: Ankle arthrodesis is an established treatment for ankle arthritis. For patients with ankle arthritis, the position of the talus during ankle arthrodesis may affect the radiographic parameters of the foot. The purpose of this study is to assess the radiographic relationship between talar alignment and the longitudinal arch of the foot before and after ankle arthrodesis. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed a single-surgeon series of 30 patients who had undergone ankle arthrodesis. Measured parameters included the lateral tibiotalar angle (LTTA), lateral talometatarsal angle (LTMA), lateral talocalcaneal angle (LTCA), cuneiform height (CH), and calcaneal pitch (CP). Additional data collected included demographics, fusion construct type, and visual analog scale (VAS) measurements. Results: LTTA was increased from 68.2 ± 7.4 degrees preoperatively to 75.0 ± 6.4 degrees postoperatively ( P = .001), LTMA increased from −2.0 ± 10.7 degrees to 4.0 ± 10.1 degrees ( P < .001), CH increased from 20.1 ± 7.5 mm to 26.1 ± 8.4 mm ( P < .001), LTCA and CP had no statistically significant change. VAS score decreased from 5.7 ± 2.7 to 1.3 ± 1.9 ( P < .001). Conclusion: Correcting the talar alignment in the sagittal plane during ankle arthrodesis improved the radiographic parameters of the foot, contributing to restoration of the longitudinal arch. The clinical significance of these findings is that in patients undergoing ankle arthrodesis, the surgeon should be aware that the alignment of the foot will be altered at the time of ankle arthrodesis and should be considered in preoperative planning. Further research is needed to determine the effect of ankle arthrodesis in patients determined to have pes planus preoperatively. Level of Evidence: Level III, retrospective cohort study.
Republication of “A Biomechanical Comparison of Limited Open Versus Krackow Repair for Achilles Tendon Rupture”
Authors: Dekker Robert G. , Qin Charles , Lawton Cort , Muriuki Muturi G. , Havey Robert M. , Alshouli Mohammed , Patwardhan Avinash G. , Kadakia Anish 
Published: July 2023

Background: Soft tissue complications after Achilles tendon repair has led to increased interest in less invasive techniques. Various limited open techniques have gained popularity as an alternative to open operative repair. The purpose of this study was to biomechanically compare an open Krackow and limited open repair for Achilles tendon rupture. We hypothesized that there would be no statistical difference in load to failure, work to failure, and initial linear stiffness. Methods: A simulated Achilles tendon rupture was created 4 cm proximal to its insertion in 18 fresh-frozen cadaveric below-knee lower limbs. Specimens were randomized to open or limited open PARS Achilles Jig System repair. Repairs were loaded to failure at a rate of 25.4 mm/s to reflect loading during normal ankle range of motion. Load to failure, work to failure, and initial linear stiffness were compared between the 2 repair types. Results: The average load to failure (353.8 ± 88.8 N vs 313.3 ± 99.9 N; P = .38) and work to failure (6.4 ± 2.3 J vs 6.3 ± 3.5 J; P = .904) were not statistically different for Krackow and PARS repair, respectively. Mean initial linear stiffness of the Krackow repair (17.8 ± 5.4 N/mm) was significantly greater than PARS repair (11.8 ± 2.5 N/mm) ( P = .011). Conclusion: No significant difference in repair strength was seen, but higher initial linear stiffness for Krackow repair suggests superior resistance to gap formation, which may occur during postoperative rehabilitation. With equal repair strength, but less soft tissue devitalization, the PARS may be a favorable option for patients with risk factors for soft tissue complications.
Prevalence of choroidal nevi in patients with central serous chorioretinopathy
Authors: Maltsev Dmitrii S. , Kulikov Alexey N. , Vasiliev Alexander S. , Shapovalova Ekaterina D. , Chhablani Jay 
Published: July 2023

Background: A number of articles report the association of polypoidal lesions and choroidal nevi; however, the relationship between choroidal nevi and pachychoroidal disorders has not been studied. Objectives: To study the prevalence of choroidal nevi in central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) patients and to elucidate potential differences in the clinical characteristics of CSCR in patients with and without choroidal nevi. Design: Case-control study. Methods: This study included a retrospective analysis of medical records and multimodal imaging data of CSCR patients and a prospective evaluation of the prevalence of the choroidal nevi in age- and sex-matched healthy controls. All participants received comprehensive ophthalmic examination and multimodal imaging including infrared scanning laser ophthalmoscopy in dark-field mode to detect choroidal nevi in the central 40° × 60° region. Results: A total of 199 CSCR patients (160 males and 39 females, 47.9 ± 9.4 years) and 184 age-matched healthy individuals (139 males and 45 females, 44.8 ± 12.5 years) were included. Choroidal nevi were detected in 24 (12.1%) CSCR patients and 10 (5.4%) healthy controls ( p = 0.01). CSCR patients with choroidal nevi had statistically significantly higher subfoveal choroidal thickness, lower best-corrected visual acuity, and lower central retinal thickness ( p < 0.05) than CSCR patients without choroidal nevi. The odds ratio for the presence of chronic CSCR in patients with choroidal nevi was 27.0 (95% CI: 3.1–231.9, p = 0.003). Conclusion: The prevalence of choroidal nevi among patients with CSCR is higher than in age- and sex-matched healthy population. Choroidal nevi may be associated with chronic CSCR.
Selection for social genetic effects in purebred pigs improves behaviour and handling of their crossbred progeny
Authors: Nielsen Bjarne , Horndrup Lizette Vestergaard , Turner Simon P. , Christensen Ole Fredslund , Nielsen Hanne Marie , Ask Birgitte 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
In commercial pig production, reduction of harmful social behavioural traits, such as ear manipulation and tail biting, is of major interest. Moreover, farmers prefer animals that are easy to handle. The aim of this experiment was to determine whether selection on social breeding values (SBV) for growth rate in purebred pigs affects behaviour in a weighing crate, lesions from ear manipulation, and tail biting of their crossbred progeny. Data were collected on crossbred F1 pigs allocated to 274 pens, which were progeny of purebred Landrace sows and Yorkshire boars from a DanBred nucleus herd.

Results
Behaviour in the weighing crate scored on a three-level scale showed that groups of pigs with high SBV for growth rate were significantly calmer than groups of pigs with low SBV (P < 0.027). When the mean SBV in the group increased by 1 unit, the proportion of pigs that obtained a calmer score level was increased by 14%. A significant (p = 0.04), favourable effect of SBV was found on both the number of pigs with ear lesions in the group and the mean number of ear lesions per pig. For a 1 unit increase in mean SBV, the mean number of lesions per pig decreased by 0.06 from a mean of 0.98. Individual severity of ear lesions conditional upon the number of ear lesions was also significantly affected (p = 0.05) by the mean SBV in the group. In groups for which the mean SBV increased by 1 unit, the proportion of pigs that were observed with a lower severity score was increased by 20% on a three-level scale. Most pigs received no tail biting injuries and no effect of SBV was observed on the tail injury score.

Conclusions
After 7 weeks in the finisher unit, crossbred progeny with high SBV were calmer in the weighing crate and had fewer ear lesions. These results indicate that selection of purebred parents for SBV for growth rate will increase welfare in their crossbred progeny by decreasing the number of ear lesions and making them easier to handle.
Systemic review of age brackets in pediatric emergency medicine literature and the development of a universal age classification for pediatric emergency patients - the Munich Age Classification System (MACS)
Authors: Althammer Alexander , Prückner Stephan , Gehring Geogr Christian , Lieftüchter Victoria , Trentzsch Heiko , Hoffmann Florian 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCurrently arbitrary, inconsistent and non-evidence-based age cutoffs are used in the literature to classify pediatric emergencies. None of these classifications have valid medical rationale. This leads to confusion and poor comparability of the different study results. To clarify this problem, this paper presents a systematic review of the commonly used age limits from 115 relevant articles. In the literature search 6226 articles were screened. To be included, the articles had to address the following three topics: “health services research in emergency medicine”, “pediatrics” and “age as a differentiator”. Physiologic and anatomic principles with reference to emergency medicine were used to solve the problem to create a medically based age classification for the first time.The Munich Age Classification System (MACS) presented in this paper is thus consistent with previous literature and is based on medical evidence. In the future, MAC should lead to ensure that a uniform classification is used. This will allow a better comparability of study results and enable meta-analyses across studies.
Factors influencing the prevalence of cervical cancer screening in Malaysia: a nationwide survey
Authors: Chan Yee Mang , Ismail Muhd Zulfadli Hafiz , Khaw Wan-Fei 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
In 2020, cervical cancer ranked fourth in terms of both frequency of diagnosis and the leading cause of cancer-related deaths among women globally. Among Malaysian women, it was the third most prevalent form of cancer. Published data on nationally representative cervical cancer screening in Malaysia have been limited. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of receiving a Pap smear test in the past three years, its relationship with socio-demographic factors and physical activity.

Methods
Using a subset of survey data from the National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS) 2019, a secondary data analysis was performed. Trained research assistants collected data through face-to-face method using a mobile tablet questionnaire system application. Logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the relationship between sociodemographic factors, physical activity, and cervical cancer screening. The analyses were conducted using STATA version 14 (Stata Corp, College Station, Texas, USA), accounting for sample weighs and complex sampling design.

Results
The analysis included 5,650 female respondents, representing an estimated 10.3 million Malaysian female adults aged 18 and above. Overall, 35.2% (95%CI 33.2, 37.4) respondents had a Pap smear test within the past three years. Respondents who were physically active were 1.41 times more likely to have a Pap smear test. Similarly, respondents aged 35–59 (OR 1.84; 95%CI 1.46, 2.34) and those living in rural localities (OR 1.38; 95%CI 1.13, 1.70) had higher odds of receiving a Pap smear test. Compared to married respondents, single respondents (OR 0.04; 95%CI 0.02, 0.07) and widowed/divorcee respondents (OR 0.72; 95%CI 0.56, 0.82) were less likely to receive a Pap smear test. Educated respondents were more likely to have had a Pap smear test.

Conclusions
The overall prevalence of cervical cancer screening in Malaysia remains low (35.2%). Efforts should be made to strengthen health promotion programs and policies in increasing awareness on the significance of cervical cancer screening. These initiatives should specifically target younger women, single women, and widowed/divorced individuals. The higher cervical screening uptake among rural women should be studied further, and the enabling factors in the rural setup should be emulated in urban areas whenever possible.