bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bi-aspectual verbs in heritage Russian against the background of baseline language dynamics
Authors: Warditz Vladislava 
Published: January 2025

AbstractOur study investigates language processing in mono- and multilingual settings, focusing on language dynamics in heritage Russian against the background of baseline Russian.In this context, we explore bi-aspectual verbs as an unstable part of Russian grammar. As verbs without morphologically marked expression of aspectual contrasts, bi-aspectual verbs represent a special case within Russian aspectual morphology and demonstrate significant variations in their monolingual use. Our study examines the use of bi-aspectual verbs in heritage Russian acquired as a home language in a multilingual environment in families with migrant background. In contrast to monolingual speakers, heritage speakers operate with polylingual variation, which can comprise single varieties within the same language or even two or more typologically different languages. These language variation mechanisms in heritage speakers represent notable specifics of their language use and the special dynamics of heritage Russian. Therefore, when comparing the use of a dynamic part of the language system, we aim to shed light on the analogous vs specific language processing in baseline and heritage Russian.Based on the elaborated production data, we test the use of ten bi-aspectual verbs in heritage speakers (N = 30) with high proficiency in Russian. The control group of the study was composed of monolingual Russian respondents (N = 30). By examining the use of bi-aspectual verbs in monolingual (baseline Russian) and bilingual (migrant heritage Russian) speakers, we focus on the question of the extent to which language dynamics in the core domains of the language system are either similar or dissimilar in heritage vs baseline language. In so doing, we further contribute to the discussion of the primary vs secondary role of the internal vs external mechanisms of language change.
A decomposition algorithm for distributionally robust chance-constrained programs with polyhedral ambiguity set
Authors: Pathy Soumya Ranjan , Rahimian Hamed 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In this paper, we study a distributionally robust optimization approach to chance-constrained stochastic programs to hedge against uncertainty in the distributions of the random parameters. We consider a general polyhedral ambiguity set under finite support. We develop a decomposition-based solution approach to solve the model and use mixing inequalities to develop custom feasibility cuts. In addition, probability cuts are also developed to handle the distributionally robust chance constraint. Finally, we present a numerical study to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed decomposition-based algorithm and showcase the results for Wasserstein ambiguity set, total variation distance ambiguity set, and moment-based ambiguity set as special cases of the polyhedral ambiguity set.
Computational Generation of Long-range Axonal Morphologies
Authors: Berchet Adrien , Petkantchin Remy , Markram Henry , Kanari Lida 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Long-range axons are fundamental to brain connectivity and functional organization, enabling communication between different brain regions. Recent advances in experimental techniques have yielded a substantial number of whole-brain axonal reconstructions. While previous computational generative models of neurons have predominantly focused on dendrites, generating realistic axonal morphologies is more challenging due to their distinct targeting. In this study, we present a novel algorithm for axon synthesis that combines algebraic topology with the Steiner tree algorithm, an extension of the minimum spanning tree, to generate both the local and long-range compartments of axons. We demonstrate that our computationally generated axons closely replicate experimental data in terms of their morphological properties. This approach enables the generation of biologically accurate long-range axons that span large distances and connect multiple brain regions, advancing the digital reconstruction of the brain. Ultimately, our approach opens up new possibilities for large-scale in-silico simulations, advancing research into brain function and disorders.
Sasanian and early Islamic copper-base metalworking at Qasr-e Abu Nasr, south-central Iran
Authors: Oudbashi Omid , Colburn Henry P. , Carò Federico 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
A group of metal objects excavated at Qasr-e Abu Nasr in south-central Iran in the 1930s, now in the collection of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, has been analyzed to examine metalworking techniques and metallurgical processes. Thirty-three objects were studied and analyzed by micro-X-ray fluorescence, scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and metallography techniques. The results of these analyses show a wide range of copper alloy compositions including impure copper, tin bronze, brass, leaded tin bronze, leaded brass and leaded ternary Cu-Sn-Zn (gunmetal) alloys. Also, two silver-copper and one pewter object were identified among the analyzed objects. The results of this interdisciplinary study provide new insights onto the archaeology of Qasr-e Abu Nasr, as well as present new information about the history and evolution of copper-base metallurgy on the Iranian Plateau during the Sasanian and early Islamic periods.
Development of a Hardened Industrial Strain of S. cerevisiae for Bioethanol Production from Sugarcane Bagasse Hydrolysates
Authors: Brandt B. A. , Teke G. M. , van Zyl W. H. , Görgens J. F. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractSugarcane bagasse is a priority source of industrially available lignocellulose for producing residue-based fuels using microbes such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This process requires pre-treatment (such as dilute acid or steam explosion) of the lignocellulosic material, which often releases the monomeric sugars (glucose and xylose) and selected microbial inhibitors. A key bottleneck, however, remains the limited xylose utilization ability and toxicity of the released microbial inhibitors that negatively affect the fermentation ability of the yeast. Hence, this study engineered the industrial, xylose-utilizing Saccharomyces cerevisiae CelluXTM4 strain for improved resistance to pre-treatment-derived microbial inhibitors by overexpressing various genes associated with inhibitor resistance phenotypes. Combinations of six homologous genes were overexpressed through 3 rounds of genomic integrations, resulting in the C4TP1 and C4TP3 groups of transformants. These were screened in 50% w/w sugarcane hydrolysate fermentations under industrially relevant conditions for bioethanol production. Key findings show that the highest bioethanol titers were from C4TP1 and C4TP3 transformants, ranging from 1.8 to 35.2 g/L, which far outperformed the 2.1–3.2 g/L achieved by the CelluXTM4 industrial strain. Moreover, the TFA3.3 and TFA1.4 transformants achieved 39.4 and 40.1 g/L bioethanol titers, respectively. Thus, the overexpressed genes contributed to the improved tolerance to inhibitors, resulting in a step-change improvement in fermentation performance.
Biodiesel Production from Animal Fats Using Blast Furnace Geopolymer Heterogeneous Catalyst: Optimisation and Kinetic Study
Authors: Mwenge Pascal , Luboya Aaron , Muthubi Salvation , Rutto Hilary , Seodigeng Tumisang 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Biodiesel is a sustainable fuel alternative that is typically produced through a transesterification process that primarily employs homogeneous catalysts. However, they generate significant amounts of wastewater and are often non-\recyclable. This study aims to investigate the application of heterogeneous blast furnace slag geopolymer catalyst for biodiesel production from animal fat. Central composite design was employed to optimise the transesterification process, considering four key variables: the methanol-to-oil ratio (20–50 wt.%), reaction time (3–7 h), reaction temperature (30–70 °C) and catalyst-to-oil ratio (3–15 wt.%). The heterogeneous geopolymer catalyst was characterised using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. These analyses confirmed the geopolymerisation of the blast furnace slag and revealed no modifications to the geopolymer structure following the transesterification reaction. RSM optimisation resulted in 97.436% biodiesel yield, which was achieved at a constant stirring rate of 450 RPM, a reaction time of 6.254 h, a catalyst ratio of 9.996 wt.%, a methanol-to-animal fat ratio of 33.435 wt.%, and a reaction temperature of 50.509 °C, which was experimentally validated. The transesterification process followed pseudo-first-order reaction kinetics, with an activation energy of 43.76 kJ/mol. These findings demonstrate the potential of animal fat as a low-cost feedstock for biodiesel production catalysed by blast furnace slag geopolymer, offering a more sustainable and environmentally friendly alternative to traditional homogeneous catalysts.
Robust online drop detection for cochlear implant surgery
Authors: Liu Yuansan , Wijewickrema Sudanthi , Bester Christofer , O’Leary Stephen , Bailey James 
Published: January 2025

AbstractHearing loss is an impairment that affects a large population worldwide. Cochlear implant (CI) surgery is an effective solution, especially in patients with residual, natural hearing. However, the risk of intracochlear damage during CI surgery, which impairs residual hearing, remains as a concern. It has been shown that intra-operative monitoring (using electrocochleography, specifically the cochlear microphonic) during CI surgery can detect drops that are associated with such trauma, resulting in its potential prevention. Researchers have attempted to automate the process of drop detection by implementing supervised models. However, these have so far failed to achieve good reliability and generalizability. To address these issues, we develop an unsupervised model based on the Bayesian method with a scoring function derived from the logistic function. The proposed model, as a data-driven method, directly learns from data without the need for any supervision which enhances its adaptability to diverse patient populations. Empirical results demonstrate the proposed model’s high accuracy with a low false alarm rate (18 extra detection against 146 in previous work), as well as its robustness when processing new data. This indicates its potential for real-world application to improve safety during CI surgery.
In situ growth of three-dimensional walnut-like nanostructures of W-Ni2P@NiFe LDH/NF as efficient bifunctional electrocatalysts for water decomposition
Authors: Gao Yu , Sun Xin , Mersal Gaber A. M. , Alhadhrami A. , Ibrahim Mohamed M. , Hou Yulong , Liu Wenhui , Bildan Denise , Algadi Hassan , Liu Terence X. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe design of novel composite nanomaterial structures is important for the construction of advanced electrocatalysts. Nevertheless, obtaining novel electrocatalysts with excellent catalytic activity and stability is still challenging. Herein, new catalysts with a unique nanostructure of W-Ni2P@NiFe LDH/NF composed of W-doped Ni2P ultrafine nanosheets were successfully grown in situ using NiFe LDH nanostructures as the backbone support. The newly produced catalysts showed distinctive three-dimensional spherical nanostructure, beneficial to enhancing electron transport, providing abundant active sites, and promoting gas release. To increase the catalytic effectiveness, a synergy interaction was produced among W-Ni2P with NiFe LDH to yield significantly improved stability and reactivity electrocatalysts. Compared to NiFe LDH/NF and W-Ni2P/NF, the as-obtained spherically-structured W-Ni2P@NiFe LDH/NF catalysts demonstrated high catalytic efficiencies toward OER (222 mV @ 40 mA⋅cm−2), HER (195 mV @ 10 mA⋅cm−2), and total electrolysis (1.7 V @ 10 mA⋅cm−2). Besides, the catalytic activities of W-Ni2P@NiFe LDH/NF electrocatalysts compared well to most published non-precious metal catalysts and even valuable precious metal catalysts. In sum, the proposed approach to construct inexpensive, high-activity, and stable bifunctional electrocatalysts looks promising for advanced future hydrogen energy conversion applications.
The Factorial Fundamental Frequency Explicit Formulas for Homogenous Rectangular Thin Plates with Four Free Edges
Authors: Tang Lechao , Feng Zengming , Deng Jianjiao , Hou Hangsheng 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose
This study aims to investigate fundamental modal solutions for rectangular thin plates with four free edges: (1) to provide a novel criterion for fundamental mode identification, and (2) to derive high accurate explicit formulas for calculating the fundamental frequency.

Method
To achieve the study objectives, an investigation into the fundamental mode space was conducted, varying structural and material parameters including the plate’s dimensions (a, b), thickness (h), and Poisson’s ratio (ν). A novel, explicit criterion for fundamental mode identification was formulated, incorporating a six sigma tolerance tailored for specific aspect ratios. Ordinary least squares (OLS) multiple linear regression methodology was integrated within a dedicated process to identify optimal factor combinations for factorial frequencies based on 56 features. This methodology allowed for the derivation of factorial frequency formulas as a function of a, b, h, and ν, providing explicit expressions for calculating the fundamental frequency.

Conclusion
The study concludes that the global fundamental mode shapes of rectangular thin plates with four free edges are primarily governed by the aspect ratio a/b, Poisson’s ratio ν, and the thickness-induced shearing effect h on both dimensions. The derived explicit formulas for calculating the fundamental frequency exhibit exceptional accuracy, with a maximum error of −0.217% compared to extensive finite element analysis results, surpassing current state-of-the-art accuracy. This work presents physically meaningful, explicit formulations and introduces a novel perspective in plate and shell research, particularly relevant in scenarios with adjacent free edges and similar global modes.
Preparation and initial condensation characteristics of superhydrophobic coating based on nano-SiO2 particles
Authors: Pan Shishun , Sheng Wei , Zheng Haikun , Bayizi Maierzukejiang , Liu Sikai , Wang Yunpeng , Guo Huazheng 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Superhydrophobic surfaces can effectively inhibit the growth of droplets and reduce attachment, thus inhibiting the formation of frost. In this paper, using dimethyldimethoxysilane-modified silica nanoparticles, a superhydrophobic coating with a contact angle of 165.73 ± 1° and a rolling angle of 2 ± 1° was successfully prepared by the secondary spraying method, and the chemical composition of the substrate and the surface morphology of the coating were characterized by means of FT-IR, EDS, and SEM. A visualization test rig was constructed to investigate the condensation droplet growth characteristics on the superhydrophobic surface across various tilt angles (0°to 90°), cold surface temperatures (-1 ℃ to 5 ℃), and humidity levels (45% to 75%). The experimental results revealed that as the tilt angle increases, the forces acting on the condensed droplets change, resulting in a higher frequency of droplet merging, jumping, and slipping. Furthermore, a decrease in cold surface temperature accelerates the growth of condensed droplets. Under varying humidity conditions, droplets on the superhydrophobic surface nucleate and grow more rapidly in high humidity environments, where they exhibit a larger coverage area despite having a relatively small mean radius.
Will It Be FINE-for-EU? A Proposal for a Mechanism Funding Pan-European Green Investment to Promote the EU (Still) Meeting Its Climate Goals
Authors: Scherleitner Moritz , Traversa Edoardo 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Addressing climate change is a global priority. There is broad, science-based consensus that efficient environmental policy requires significant and rapid investments aimed at accelerating energy transition and safeguarding biodiversity. Yet, despite valuable improvements such as NextGenerationEU and the ETS, the EU and its Member States are still in search of extra financial resources. Here, we establish the FINE-for-EU mechanism to provide finance for pan-European green investment projects. We propose setting up a Pan-European Climate Fund to create a financial link between the benefits businesses derive from the cross-border legal framework and the specific responsibilities they have towards supporting climate objectives.
Evaluation of Claytone-ER as a novel rheological additive for enhancing oil-based drilling fluid performance under high-pressure high-temperature conditions
Authors: Mahmoud Ali , Gajbhiye Rahul , Elkatatny Salaheldin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Conventional oil drilling fluids often fail under extreme (high-pressure high-temperature, HPHT) conditions, leading to wellbore instability and formation damage, causing substantial economic losses in the drilling industry. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of Claytone-ER, a novel rheological additive for oil-based drilling fluids (OBDF), compared with a conventional organoclay (OC). Claytone-ER improved the drilling fluid performance significantly, including enhancement of the emulsion stability by 3% (863 V to 891 V), mitigation of sagging behavior, and substantial improvement in key rheological parameters such as plastic viscosity (PV) by 26.5%, yield point (YP) by 98%, and apparent viscosity (AV) by 36.5%. Additionally, Claytone-ER enhanced gel strength (GS) and improved filtration properties, reducing filtrate volume by 8% (5.0 cm3 to 4.6 cm3) and filter cake thickness by 6% (2.60 mm to 2.45 mm). These results demonstrated the potential of Claytone-ER to enhance the stability and performance of OBDFs under extreme HPHT conditions, leading to improved drilling efficiency, reduced non-productive time, and cost savings for drilling operations. Furthermore, the enhanced rheological properties, sag resistance, and filtration control contribute to better wellbore stability and minimize the risk of formation damage, ensuring long-term well productivity. This study represents a significant advancement in drilling fluid technology, paving the way for safer and more efficient drilling operations in challenging HPHT environments. Future research will focus on field trials to validate the efficacy of Claytone-ER in real-world HPHT drilling scenarios.
Early-stage investigators’ experiences with an National Institutes of Health Pilot Award Program
Authors: Collins Cyleste C. , Dolata Jacqueline , Nonguierma Elodie , Shediac-Rizkallah Mona , Sehgal Ashwini R. , Thornton J. Daryl 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background:
Academic-community research partnerships focusing on addressing the social determinants of health and reducing health disparities have grown substantially in the last three decades. Early-stage investigators (ESIs), however, are less likely to receive grant funding from organizations like the National Institutes of Health, and we know little about the facilitators and barriers they face on their career journeys or the best ways to support them and their community research partnerships. This study examines ESIs’ experiences with a program that funded and supported their community-partnered pilot health disparities research.

Methods:
Fourteen ESIs from five cohorts of pilot investigators participated in in-depth focus groups between April 2020 and February 2024. Two reviewers independently identified significant quotes and created codes. Thematic analysis was used to develop relevant themes.

Results:
The overarching theme was that the program was a launch pad for the ESIs’ research careers. Four distinct sub-themes contributing to the launch pad theme were: (1) ESI Growth & Adaptation; (2) Community and Support; (3) The Value of Collaboration and Partnership; (4) Need for Effective Mentorship. The results suggest the program offered ESIs and community partners substantial, unique support and resources, but challenges remained.

Conclusions:
Future programs helping ESIs who conduct community-engaged research to launch their research careers should consider implementing tailored support while offering strategies to eliminate or reduce institutional barriers, including strengthening mentoring.
Catching a CAPTCHA: the impact of variable input on the processing of emerging orthographic representations
Authors: Solaja Olga , Fernández-López María , Crepaldi Davide , Perea Manuel 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Variability inherent to handwriting has been suggested to help establish more robust letter representations than other methods (e.g., typing). The present study tests whether encoding letter strings from a novel alphabet becomes more resistant to distortion when trained with variable input. Over 5 days, participants learned an 11-character artificial alphabet in a variable handwritten format involving reading, listening and handwriting practice. Another set of 11 artificial characters served as a visual control. Before and after the training, participants completed a masked priming same–different matching task with the novel alphabet letters. The key manipulation was in the primes: the identity/unrelated primes could be presented in a printed or distorted format. Results showed identity priming in both conditions, with a stronger effect for the printed primes. These effects increased post training for experimental and visual control scripts, indicating that exposure to variable input enhances distortion resistance even without explicit training. A second experiment assessed the transposed-letter effect – another marker of orthographic processing – in the novel scripts with an unprimed same–different matching task. Results showed that the transposed-letter effect occurred similarly before and after the training for both scripts. Therefore, letter shape variability when learning to read does not seem to boost orthographic processing.
FURTHER ARITHMETIC PROPERTIES OF OVERCUBIC PARTITION TRIPLES
Authors: SAIKIA MANJIL P. , SARMA ABHISHEK 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We prove several new congruences for the overcubic partition triples function, using both elementary techniques and the theory of modular forms. These extend the recent list of such congruences given by Nayaka, Dharmendra and Kumar [‘Divisibility properties for overcubic partition triples’, Integers24 (2024), Article no. a80, 9 pages]. We also generalise overcubic partition triples to overcubic partition k-tuples and prove arithmetic properties for these partitions.