bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Review of Potential Innovation Pathways to Enhance Resilience in Wood-Based Value Chains
Authors: Hoeben Annechien Dirkje , Stern Tobias , Lloret Francisco 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Climate change poses a threat to European forests and threatens their capacity to deliver ecosystem services. Innovation is often considered critical to increasing resilience in wood-based value chains. However, the knowledge about types of innovation processes and how they enhance resilience, if at all, is largely dispersed. In this conceptual paper, we refer to examples from the forestry, bioeconomy, adaptation, and innovation literature to develop an overview of innovation pathways along the wood value chain. Thereafter, we evaluate the extent to which they enhance or compromise resilience to climate change and how they do so.

Recent Findings
We differentiate between forest and value chain resilience and assume that innovation positively influences both types of resilience via three resilience drivers: diversifying the product portfolio, making operations more efficient, or making the processes more flexible. Our literature review revealed nine innovation pathways along the value chain.

Summary
The pathways rarely connect forest management and the processing industry. Consequently, a mismatch was identified between the innovation pathways and resilience drivers applied to increase diversification at the beginning of the value chain (in forest management) and those applied to increase efficiency towards the end of the value chain (in the processing industry). Considering this mismatch, we stress that it is critical to reconsider the term innovation as a silver bullet and to increase the awareness of resilience drivers and innovation pathways, as well as reconsider ways to combine them optimally. We recommend engaging in open innovation activities to cooperatively draft innovation strategies across the entire wood value chain and intercept pathways by making processes more flexible.
Vertical 3D Nanostructures Boost Efficient Hydrogen Production Coupled with Glycerol Oxidation Under Alkaline Conditions
Authors: Li Shanlin , Liu Danmin , Wang Guowei , Ma Peijie , Wang Xunlu , Wang Jiacheng , Ma Ruguang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractHydrogen production from electrolytic water is an important sustainable technology to realize renewable energy conversion and carbon neutrality. However, it is limited by the high overpotential of oxygen evolution reaction (OER) at the anode. To reduce the operating voltage of electrolyzer, herein thermodynamically favorable glycerol oxidation reaction (GOR) is proposed to replace the OER. Moreover, vertical NiO flakes and NiMoNH nanopillars are developed to boost the reaction kinetics of anodic GOR and cathodic hydrogen evolution, respectively. Meanwhile, excluding the explosion risk of mixed H2/O2, a cheap organic membrane is used to replace the expensive anion exchange membrane in the electrolyzer. Impressively, the electrolyzer delivers a remarkable reduction of operation voltage by 280 mV, and exhibits good long-term stability. This work provides a new paradigm of hydrogen production with low cost and good feasibility.
Optimized Electronic Modification of S-Doped CuO Induced by Oxidative Reconstruction for Coupling Glycerol Electrooxidation with Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Fan Ruo-Yao , Zhai Xue-Jun , Qiao Wei-Zhen , Zhang Yu-Sheng , Yu Ning , Xu Na , Lv Qian-Xi , Chai Yong-Ming , Dong Bin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractGlycerol (electrochemical) oxidation reaction (GOR) producing organic small molecule acid and coupling with hydrogen evolution reaction is a critical aspect of ensuring balanced glycerol capacity and promoting hydrogen generation on a large scale. However, the development of highly efficient and selective non-noble metal-based GOR electrocatalysts is still a key problem. Here, an S-doped CuO nanorod array catalyst (S-CuO/CF) constructed by sulfur leaching and oxidative remodeling is used to drive GOR at low potentials: It requires potentials of only 1.23 and 1.33 V versus RHE to provide currents of 100 and 500 mA cm−2, respectively. Moreover, it shows satisfactory comprehensive performance (at 100 mA cm−2, Vcell = 1.37 V) when assembled as the anode in asymmetric coupled electrolytic cell. Furthermore, we propose a detailed cycle reaction pathway (in alkaline environment) of S-doped CuO surface promoting GOR to produce formic acid and glycolic acid. Among them, the C–C bond breaking and lattice oxygen deintercalation steps frequently involved in the reaction pathway are the key factors to determine the catalytic performance and product selectivity. This research provides valuable guidance for the development of transition metal-based electrocatalysts for GOR and valuable insights into the glycerol oxidation cycle reaction pathway.
Multifunctional Perovskite Photodetectors: From Molecular-Scale Crystal Structure Design to Micro/Nano-scale Morphology Manipulation
Authors: Zhao Yingjie , Yin Xing , Li Pengwei , Ren Ziqiu , Gu Zhenkun , Zhang Yiqiang , Song Yanlin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMultifunctional photodetectors boost the development of traditional optical communication technology and emerging artificial intelligence fields, such as robotics and autonomous driving. However, the current implementation of multifunctional detectors is based on the physical combination of optical lenses, gratings, and multiple photodetectors, the large size and its complex structure hinder the miniaturization, lightweight, and integration of devices. In contrast, perovskite materials have achieved remarkable progress in the field of multifunctional photodetectors due to their diverse crystal structures, simple morphology manipulation, and excellent optoelectronic properties. In this review, we first overview the crystal structures and morphology manipulation techniques of perovskite materials and then summarize the working mechanism and performance parameters of multifunctional photodetectors. Furthermore, the fabrication strategies of multifunctional perovskite photodetectors and their advancements are highlighted, including polarized light detection, spectral detection, angle-sensing detection, and self-powered detection. Finally, the existing problems of multifunctional detectors and the perspectives of their future development are presented. "Image missing"
Immobilization of Oxyanions on the Reconstructed Heterostructure Evolved from a Bimetallic Oxysulfide for the Promotion of Oxygen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Yu Kai , Yang Hongyuan , Zhang Hao , Huang Hui , Wang Zhaowu , Kang Zhenhui , Liu Yang , Menezes Prashanth W. , Chen Ziliang 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Efficient and durable oxygen evolution reaction (OER) requires the electrocatalyst to bear abundant active sites, optimized electronic structure as well as robust component and mechanical stability. Herein, a bimetallic lanthanum-nickel oxysulfide with rich oxygen vacancies based on the La2O2S prototype is fabricated as a binder-free precatalyst for alkaline OER. The combination of advanced in situ and ex situ characterizations with theoretical calculation uncovers the synergistic effect among La, Ni, O, and S species during OER, which assures the adsorption and stabilization of the oxyanion $$\left( {{\text{SO}}_{4}^{{2 - }} } \right)$$

SO

4

2
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onto the surface of the deeply reconstructed porous heterostructure composed of confining NiOOH nanodomains by La(OH)3 barrier. Such coupling, confinement, porosity and immobilization enable notable improvement in active site accessibility, phase stability, mass diffusion capability and the intrinsic Gibbs free energy of oxygen-containing intermediates. The optimized electrocatalyst delivers exceptional alkaline OER activity and durability, outperforming most of the Ni-based benchmark OER electrocatalysts.

Graphical Abstract
Benchmarking a large Twitter dataset for Arabic emotion analysis
Authors: El-Sayed Ahmed , Abougabal Mohamed , Lazem Shaimaa 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe scarcity of available annotated Arabic language emotion datasets limits the effectiveness of emotion detection applications. Techniques such as semi-supervised self-learning annotation and transfer learning from models trained on large annotated datasets have been increasingly considered as alternative economic options for researchers working on Arabic sentiment and emotion detection tasks. Examining the quality of the data annotated using these techniques is particularly important in applications that require detecting emotions with high granularity such as mental health applications. This paper contributes an approach to benchmarking a semi-supervised self-learning annotated Arabic emotion large dataset. By extracting the lexical correlation of each emotion, and conducting content analysis, the quality of the annotation approach is demonstrated. Further, using a comprehensive set of experiments, we evidence the effectiveness of the transfer learning approach from the large dataset to smaller datasets in emotion and sentiment classification tasks.
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) as potential resuscitation factors that promote the isolation and culture of uncultured bacteria in marine sediments
Authors: Sun Chun-Shui , Zhou Liu-Yan , Liang Qi-Yun , Wang Xiao-Man , Lei Yi-Xuan , Xu Zhen-Xing , Wang Feng-Qing , Chen Guan-Jun , Du Zong-Jun , Mu Da-Shuai 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMany marine bacteria are difficult to culture because they are dormant, rare or found in low-abundances. Enrichment culturing has been widely tested as an important strategy to isolate rare or dormant microbes. However, many more mechanisms remain uncertain. Here, based on 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing and metabolomics technology, it was found that the short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in metabolites were significantly correlated with uncultured bacterial groups during enrichment cultures. A pure culture analysis showed that the addition of SCFAs to media also resulted in high efficiency for the isolation of uncultured strains from marine sediments. As a result, 238 strains belonging to 10 phyla, 26 families and 82 species were successfully isolated. Some uncultured rare taxa within Chlorobi and Kiritimatiellaeota were successfully cultured. Amongst the newly isolated uncultured microbes, most genomes, e.g. bacteria, possess SCFA oxidative degradation genes, and these features might aid these microbes in better adapting to the culture media. A further resuscitation analysis of a viable but non-culturable (VBNC) Marinilabiliales strain verified that the addition of SCFAs could break the dormancy of Marinilabiliales in 5 days, and the growth curve test showed that the SCFAs could shorten the lag phase and increase the growth rate. Overall, this study provides new insights into SCFAs, which were first studied as resuscitation factors in uncultured marine bacteria. Thus, this study can help improve the utilisation and excavation of marine microbial resources, especially for the most-wanted or key players.
Impact of Lifestyle and Psychosocial Factors on the Incidence of Hepatobiliary Enzyme Abnormalities After the Great East Japan Earthquake: Seven-Year Follow-up of the Fukushima Health Management Survey
Authors: Takahashi Atsushi , Ohira Tetsuya , Hayashi Fumikazu , Yasumura Seiji , Shimabukuro Michio , Sakai Akira , Maeda Masaharu , Yabe Hirooki , Hosoya Mitsuaki , Kazama Junichiro J , Hashimoto Koichi , Nakano Hironori , Nagao Masanori , Sato Shiho , Okazaki Kanako , Harigane Mayumi , Ohto Hitoshi , Kamiya Kenji , Ohira Hiromasa 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Objective:
Residents who lived near the Fukushima Power Plant accident were forced to change their lifestyle after the 2011 accident. This study aimed to elucidate the association of resident lifestyle and psychological factors with onset of hepatobiliary enzyme abnormalities (HEA) after the accident.

Methods:
This longitudinal study included 15705 residents who underwent a comprehensive health check, as well as a mental health and lifestyle survey between June 2011 and March 2012. Follow-up surveys were conducted between June, 2012 and March 2018. Risk factors for new HEA onset were evaluated using the Cox proportional hazards model, moreover, population attributable risks for new HEA onset were calculated.

Results:
HEA developed in 29.7% of subjects. In addition to metabolic factors such as overweight, hyperglycemia, and hyperlipidemia; there were differences in alcohol intake, evacuation, unemployment, educational background, and psychological distress between subjects with and without HEA onset. After we adjusted for potential confounding factors, an association of being overweight, hypertension, and dyslipidemia, as well as alcohol consumption, evacuation, and psychological distress with increased risk of HEA onset was realized. Among these identified risk factors, evacuation accounted for the greatest share.

Conclusions:
Metabolic characteristics and disaster-related lifestyle aspects, including mental status, were risk factors for HAE onset after the Fukushima Power Plant accident.
Airflow Field and Shelter Effect Around Flexible Plants Using Fluid‐Structure Interaction (FSI)‐Large‐Eddy‐Simulation (LES) Simulations
Authors: Wu Xiaoxu , Fang Hui , Fan Peipei , Yang Xiaofan , Xiang Hongxu , Zou Xueyong , Zhang Chunlai , Wang Rende , Liu Xingchen 
Published: July 2023

AbstractVegetative windbreaks have a significant advantage in regulating microclimates and improving soil conditions. Some studies highlight the importance of turbulence and plant flexibility, but few has investigated the relationship between flexibility and the shelter effect of windbreaks. Therefore, we perform a series of 3D fluid‐structure interaction (FSI)‐large‐eddy‐simulation (LES) simulations to study the airflow passing through flexible single‐plant windbreaks. We first model the plants with branches according to their geometric features in the field, present a FSI solver to strongly couple the airflow velocity field and windbreak vibration, and then use a LES turbulent model to resolve the turbulent flows. Based on the simulations, the airflow fields around the plants (Plant #1 and Plant #2) with different flexibilities, evaluated by Young's modulus, were analyzed and compared. Afterward, the shelter effect of flexible plants is analyzed based on three indices, including turbulence intensity, surface shear stress and plant swing displacement. The peak turbulence intensity of the three plants follows the order Plant #1 > Plant #2 > rigid plant. Regardless of wind speed, the surface shear stress around the plants follows the order Plant #1 < Plant #2 < rigid plant. The swing displacement increases as the velocity and flexibility increase. It is concluded that the flexible plant has a better shelter effect than the rigid plant, and within a certain range, the stronger the flexibility of the plant is, the better its shelter effect. This study not only investigates the interaction mechanism between flexible plants and airflow, but also provides a theoretical reference for the application of flexible plants in wind protection engineering.
Erosion‐Driven Isostatic Flow and Crustal Diapirism: Analytical and Numerical Models With Implications for the Evolution of the Eastern Himalayan Syntaxis, Southern Tibet
Authors: Yang Jiaming , Cao Wenrong , Yuan Xiaoping , Yang Jianfeng 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe Eastern Himalayan Syntaxis (EHS) is one of the fastest exhuming regions on Earth since ∼10 Ma, and the mechanism of its fast exhumation is under debate. Different from many other studies based on tectonics‐driven models, we performed analytical analysis and numerical simulations to investigate an erosion‐driven system. Our results show that fast and focused surface erosion alone is able to exhume the lower crust on the timescale of ∼10 Myr. This process leads to the formation of a domal structure, an elevated geothermal gradient, rapid cooling of crustal rocks, and decompression melting in the lower crust. In the upper‐mid crust, the uplift of crustal rocks is caused by isostatic flow driven by pressure gradient, whose rate is limited by the driving erosional forcing. In the mid‐lower crust where decompression melting occurs, rocks entrained in a buoyant diapir experience fast uplift rate exceeding the erosional forcing. Our erosion‐driven model demonstrates an intricate coupling between surface erosion and crustal processes. Positive feedback between surface erosion and rock uplift is possible under certain conditions and crustal diapirism plays a key role in the feedback. Our study shows that both isostatic and diapiric flows play important roles in the uplift and exhumation of crustal rocks in the EHS. We highlight that erosion‐driven crustal diapirism can be one of the missing pieces explaining the evolution of the Eastern Himalayan Syntaxis.
Subglacial‐Discharge Plumes Drive Widespread Subsurface Warming in Northwest Greenland's Fjords
Authors: Cowton T. R. , Slater D. A. , Inall M. E. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractGreenland's glacial fjords modulate the exchange between the ice sheet and ocean. Subglacial‐discharge‐driven plumes adjacent to glaciers may exert an important influence on fjord water properties, submarine glacier melting and the export of glacially‐modified waters to the shelf. Here we use a numerical plume model in conjunction with observations from proximal to 14 glaciers in northwest Greenland to assess the impact of these plumes on near‐glacier water properties. We find that in late summer, waters emanating from glacial plumes often make up >50% of the fjord water composition at intermediate depths. These plume waters are comprised largely of upwelled Atlantic Water, warming the near‐glacier water profile and likely increasing submarine melting. Our findings demonstrate the key role played by plumes in driving water modification in Greenland's fjords, and the potential for simple models to capture these impacts across a range of settings.
The Mantle Viscosity Structure of Venus
Authors: Maia J. S. , Wieczorek M. A. , Plesa A.‐C. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe long‐wavelength gravity and topography of Venus are dominated by mantle convective flows, and are hence sensitive to the planet's viscosity structure and mantle density anomalies. By modeling the dynamic gravity and topography signatures and by making use of a Bayesian inference approach, we investigate the viscosity structure of the Venusian mantle by constraining radial viscosity variations. We performed inversions under a wide range of model assumptions that consistently predicted the existence of a thin low‐viscosity zone in the uppermost mantle. The zone is about 235 km thick and has a viscosity reduction of 5–15 times with respect to the underlying mantle. Drawing a parallel with the Earth, the reduced viscosity could be a result of partial melting as suggested for the origin of the asthenosphere. These results support the interpretation that Venus is a geologically active world predominantly governed by ongoing magmatic processes.
Implications of Warm Pool Bias in CMIP6 Models on the Northern Hemisphere Wintertime Subtropical Jet and Precipitation
Authors: Liu Xinhuiyu , Grise Kevin M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAlthough the multi‐model average compares well with observations, individually most of the latest climate models do not simulate a realistic size of the Indo‐Pacific Warm Pool in the present‐day climate. This study explores the implications of this warm pool size bias in climate models in Northern Hemisphere winter. The warm pool size bias in phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project models is related to the subtropical jet and precipitation distribution, both in the present‐day climate and in response to climate change, through extratropical Rossby wave trains and tropical circulation pathways. Based on these relationships, emergent constraints are developed to observationally constrain the future subtropical jet response over Asia and the Atlantic Ocean and precipitation response over North and Central America, which can help to reduce uncertainty in future projections of these features. Thus, accurate model simulation of the warm pool in the present‐day climate is important for future projections of the subtropical jet and precipitation.
Fault Zone Spatial Stress Variations in a Granitic Rock Mass: Revealed by Breakouts Within an Array of Boreholes
Authors: Zhang Shihuai , Ma Xiaodong , Bröker Kai , van Limborgh Rutger , Wenning Quinn , Hertrich Marian , Giardini Domenico 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe in situ stress state within fault zones is technically challenging to characterize. At the Bedretto Underground Laboratory in the Swiss Alps, the breakouts observed in an array of eight inclined boreholes penetrating a fault zone offer a unique opportunity to characterize the fault‐associated spatial stress variations. Synthesizing multiple geophysical logs, natural geologic structures intersecting these boreholes are identified, revealing a hierarchy of a major fault zone along with secondary structures. Within the boreholes, breakout rotations occur over multiple scales, spanning individual fractures and the entire major fault zone. We first estimate and rule out the effect of the fracture‐induced anisotropy on the breakout rotations, which are attributed mainly to the stress variations. Based on the stress field around a circular borehole and Mohr‐Coulomb failure criterion, the observed breakout azimuths are used to invert the stress information. Results show that the stress field outside the fault zone features a stress ratio (quantifying the relative stress magnitude) of about 0.9, an inclined overburden stress (inclination: 12°∼18°), and a maximum horizontal principal stress (SHmax) oriented N100∼120°E. Within the fault zone, a substantial reduction of the stress ratio and complicated stress rotations are constrained, likely induced by the stress drop on local fractures. As a result, less critical stress state inside the major fault zone is expected. Our work provides a semi‐quantitative estimation of the in‐situ stress variations around fault zones in the absence of direct stress measurements, which is beneficial to a number of scientific and engineering applications.
Instantaneous Physics‐Based Ground Motion Maps Using Reduced‐Order Modeling
Authors: Rekoske John M. , Gabriel Alice‐Agnes , May Dave A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPhysics‐based simulations of earthquake ground motion are useful to complement recorded ground motions. However, the computational expense of performing numerical simulations hinders their applicability to tasks that require real‐time solutions or ensembles of solutions for different earthquake sources. To enable rapid physics‐based solutions, we present a reduced‐order modeling approach based on interpolated proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) to predict peak ground velocities (PGVs). As a demonstrator, we consider PGVs from regional 3D wave propagation simulations at the location of the 2008 MW 5.4 Chino Hills earthquake using double‐couple sources with varying depth and focal mechanisms. These simulations resolve frequencies ≤1.0 Hz and include topography, viscoelastic attenuation, and S‐wave speeds ≥500 m/s. We evaluate the accuracy of the interpolated POD reduced‐order model (ROM) as a function of the approximation method. Comparing the radial basis function (RBF), multilayer perceptron neural network, random forest, and k‐nearest neighbor, we find that the RBF interpolation gives the lowest error (≈0.1 cm/s) when tested against an independent data set. We also find that evaluating the ROM is 107–108 times faster than the wave propagation simulations. We use the ROM to generate PGV maps for 1 million different focal mechanisms, in which we identify potentially damaging ground motions and quantify correlations between focal mechanism, depth, and accuracy of the predicted PGV. Our results demonstrate that the ROM can rapidly and accurately approximate the PGV from wave propagation simulations with variable source properties, topography, and complex subsurface structure.