bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adhesively Bonded Composite Patch Repair in Load‐Bearing Applications for the Aviation Industry: Manufacturing, Design, and Simulation
Authors: Fernandes P. H. E. , Baumert M. , Dieckhoff S. , Nagel C. , Beber V. C. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTFour adhesively bonded composite patch repairs are considered: with one and two double CFRP layers and with scarf ratios of 1:15 and 1:30. Prepregs are applied to an artificially cracked aluminum plate and bonded using a film adhesive. Considering curing‐induced deflection of patches, samples with two double CFRP layers and a scarf ratio of 1:15 exhibit the highest deflection, while the patch with one double CFRP layer and a scarf ratio of 1:30 shows the lowest deflection. FE simulations align with experimental results showing deviations between −3% and +16%. Fatigue results of crack length as function of cycles reveal that patched samples have longer lifetimes (3.2–4.3 times) compared to nonpatched samples. Among patched samples, those with two double CFRP layers and a scarf ratio of 1:15 provide approximately 20% and 8% longer service life compared to counterparts with one double CFRP layer and a scarf ratio of 1:30, respectively.
Effects of Deforestation‐Induced Warming on the Thermal Tolerance of an African Clariid Catfish
Authors: Francispillai Erin K. , Chapman Lauren J. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Tropical countries, particularly in Africa, are experiencing more frequent deforestation events, often due to agricultural expansion. Deforestation can increase sunlight penetration in freshwater ecosystems, leading to increased average water temperatures and stronger diel temperature fluctuations.

To investigate the effects of deforestation‐induced warming and potential adaptive responses from fish, we compared the upper thermal tolerance limits of smooth‐head catfish (Clarias liocephalus) populations from deforested and forested sections of the Dura and Mpanga river systems in and around Kibale National Park, Uganda. We also incorporated a long‐term acclimation period in simulated forested/deforested water temperatures to test for differences in the thermal acclimation ability of two populations.

Populations from forested sites had lower CTmax values relative to populations sampled from deforested sections of the same drainage. However, long‐term acclimation in simulated deforested conditions increased their CTmax to values mirroring individuals from the deforested habitat. Individuals from a regenerating wetland (despite long‐term historical deforestation) exhibited CTmax values similar to populations from a forested site.

These results suggest that C. liocephalus may be able to thermally respond to deforestation‐induced warming under current global temperatures; however, results may have also revealed a potential thermal ceiling for the species.
Sex‐, age‐ and season‐specific variations in accidental deaths from stumbling falls, bathtub drowning, food choking and traffic injuries among older adults in Japan
Authors: Aoki Yuji , Yamamoto Mao , Aoki Takashi 
Published: January 2025

AimThe aim of this study was to identify opportunities for more effective measures. We analyzed sex‐, age‐ and season‐specific trends in unintentional accidental deaths from stumbling falls, bathtub drowning, food choking and traffic injuries among older adults in Japan.MethodsDeath rates from major unintentional accidents were analyzed by sex, month and 5‐year age groups (aged ≥50 years) based on a custom‐made aggregation of data from the Vital Statistics survey (2008–2022) in compliance with the Statistics Act.ResultsFrom 2008 to 2022, death rates from the 4 major unintentional accidental causes (11 354 and 11 374 deaths in 19 408 000 men and 24 272 000 women aged ≥60 in 2022) were obviously higher among older men than older women, except for notably high death rates from bathtub drowning among women aged 75–84 years. Significant increases in death rates from stumbling falls were observed in men and women aged ≥85 years, with significant decreases among men aged 60–74 years and women aged 65–74 years. Significant increases in bathtub drowning death rates were observed among men aged 90–94 and ≥100 years, as well as among women aged 90–99 years. Bathtub drowning death rates rose with age but peaked in women aged 85–89 years. Both bathtub drowning and food choking deaths were more frequent during the winter season.ConclusionsAccidental deaths from stumbling falls and bathtub drowning continue to rise among older Japanese adults in some age groups. Notably, deaths from bathtub drowning were distinctively higher among women aged in their 70s and 80s, possibly including apparently healthy women, during the winter season. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2025; 25: 287–293.
National identifications of transnational students from the USA on the northwest border of Mexico
Authors: Vargas Valle Eunice D. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractOver the past two decades, more than half a million children—mostly born and educated in the USA—have arrived in Mexico from the USA because of their parents' return migration. The aim of this paper is to analyse the relationship between their national identification, school trajectories and US nationality in a border city with high return migration. The methodology is based on the analysis of a school survey and semi‐structured interviews with transnational students. The results show that: binational identification was higher when students had intermediate schooling in both countries; identification with the USA decreased and identification with Mexico increased with more years in Mexican schools; and school trajectories were more relevant than nationality in defining binational identification. The majority of students identified as binational because their migration histories and transnational life experiences allowed them to be bicultural, despite the diffusion of mononational ideologies in schools.
Arrival infrastructures and refugee enrolment in higher education
Authors: Baalbergen Ids , Bolt Gideon , Lin Yanliu , Hooimeijer Pieter 
Published: January 2025

AbstractRefugees enrolling in host country higher education can improve their position in the labour market. However, little is known about the patterns underlying enrolment, and existing studies have only examined explanations at the individual level. This is problematic because opportunities to enrol in education are also dependent upon structural factors, and by ignoring this, studies run the risk of depicting non‐enrolment as a consequence of individual shortcomings. We address this issue through the notion of arrival infrastructures and argue that existing infrastructures at multiple spatial scales may support or discourage enrolment. By focusing on the Netherlands, we were able to follow the enrolment of all registered refugees that arrived between 2014 and 2017 over time using registry data. We find that the accessibility of education, the municipal political climate and regional economic conditions influence educational enrolment. These findings show that dispersal policies can have detrimental effects on the social mobility of refugees.
The Active Infant's Developing Role in Musical Interactions: Insights From an Online Parent Questionnaire
Authors: Dou Angela , Cirelli Laura K. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTMusical interactions between caregivers and their infants typically rely on a limited repertoire of live vocal songs and recorded music. Research suggests that these well‐known songs are especially effective at eliciting engaged behaviors from infants in controlled settings, but how infants respond to familiar music with their caregivers in their everyday environment remains unclear. The current study used an online questionnaire to quantify how often and why caregivers present certain songs and musical recordings to their infants. Using a cross‐sectional approach, we explored infants' changing behavioral profiles to music from birth to 24 months. Caregivers additionally reported on their feelings of affective attachment toward their infants. Results reveal that caregivers sing and play recorded music for younger and older infants at comparably high rates. In turn, infants actively respond to their favorite songs and recordings by demonstrating positive emotions, movements, and attentive listening. Caregivers mainly consider their infants' musical preferences when building their shared musical repertoire at home. Both caregivers' engagement in musical activities with their children and infants' enthusiastic responsiveness to singing predicted stronger dyadic attachment bonding. Caregivers and infants jointly contribute to building musical relationships, and these musical relationships may be intertwined with their emerging social‐emotional bonds.
Untargeted Metabolomics Reveals Metabolic Link Between Histone H3K27 Demethylase UTX and Neurodevelopment
Authors: Chen Lin , Liu Maozhu , Dai Xinhua , He Cuilin , Wang Kejing , Tang Jinhua , Yang Yang 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTUbiquitously transcribed tetratricopeptide repeat on chromosome X (UTX) is a chromatin modifier responsible for regulating the demethylation of histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3), which is crucial for human neurodevelopment. To date, the impact of UTX on neurodevelopment remains elusive. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the potential molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of UTX on neurodevelopment through untargeted metabolomics based on ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC‐MS/MS). We found that UTX knockout in neurones leads to cell death and apoptosis in the hippocampus and cortex, as well as induces impaired learning and memory functions in mice. Moreover, UTX deletion contributed to significant metabolic perturbations in brain tissues. A total of 223 differential metabolites were identified between wild‐type (WT) and UTX cKO mice. Pathway analysis indicated that the metabolic pathways mainly affected by UTX deletion were alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism, resulting in significant alterations in L‐alanine, L‐aspartate, D‐aspartate, N‐acetylaspartylglutamate, L‐glutamate, and argininosuccinic acid. These data emphasised that UTX may exert a key effect in neurodevelopment and that the underlying mechanism may be related to the regulation of the alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism pathways, especially the characteristic metabolites involved in this pathway.
Mpox‐Induced Metabolic Alterations
Authors: Zandi Milad , Mousavi Fatemeh Sadat , Hashemnia Seyyed Mohammed Reza 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe resurgence of mpox as a global health threat highlights the need to understand its interaction with host cell metabolism. Unlike other well‐studied viruses, research on mpox is limited, particularly regarding its impact on cellular processes. In this article, we explore how mpox might manipulate metabolic pathways—such as glycolysis, lipid synthesis and mitochondrial dynamics—to enhance its replication and evade immune responses. By drawing parallels with related poxviruses, we underscore the potential for targeting these metabolic shifts as novel therapeutic strategies. Understanding these interactions is crucial for developing effective treatments against mpox.
Incidence of Gingival Recessions in Adolescent Orthodontic Patients Treated With Fixed Appliances and Lingual Retainer
Authors: Celis Beatriz , Sanz‐Esporrin Javier , Verdasco Carina , Yañez‐Vico Rosa‐Maria , Martin Conchita 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAimTo evaluate risk indicators for gingival recessions (GRs) in the lower anterior teeth of orthodontic patients post treatment and during a retention period of at least 5 years, compared to non‐treated controls.Material and MethodsEighty‐nine orthodontically treated patients who were recession‐free before treatment were recruited. Demographic, cephalometric and occlusal records were retrieved before (T1) and after treatment (T2), and periodontal outcomes were clinically evaluated at least 5 years post retention (T3). Eighty‐eight non‐treated patients served as controls. Recession areas were digitally assessed and compared using t‐test and chi‐square tests, and a multiple linear regression model was built.ResultsIn the treated group, recession incidence was 11.24% at T2 and 67.42% at T3, all classified as type 1, class A (−). Among controls, recession prevalence was 15.91%, similar to the incidence at T2, but significantly lower than at T3. GR was most common in canines (1.85 mm2; 95% CI: 2.61–7.70; p < 0.005). Regression analysis identified higher incidence of recessions in female patients and in those with thin phenotype, high angle skeletal pattern, increased final inclination of lower incisors and greater probing depth.ConclusionsGR incidence after orthodontic treatment was comparable to controls but increased significantly post retention. Several risk indicators may predict GR occurrence.
Podiatric Clinical Triage in a Foot and Ankle Orthopaedic Clinic: A Randomised Trial
Authors: Walsh Tom P. , Swalwell Caitlin , Merlo Greg B. , Wearing Scott C. , Jacob Warren , Doherty Darren , Vandermost Margaret , Platt Simon 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTRationaleHospitals are increasingly utilising allied‐health professionals to provide clinical triage to patients. While these positions are routinely implemented, and several observational studies have reported positive outcomes, the effectiveness of this intervention has been rarely tested in a clinical trial.Aims and ObjectivesThe objectives of this study were to (i) evaluate a podiatry‐led orthopaedic triage service using patient‐reported outcome measures (PROMs), and (ii) determine if it is cost‐effective in terms of incremental cost/quality‐adjusted life years (QALYs).MethodsThis pragmatic, randomised, wait‐list‐control trial recruited participants referred to an orthopaedic foot and ankle clinic at a tertiary‐level health service. Trial registration was 31 March 2020. Participants were randomised to either immediate clinical triage (intervention) or to remain on the waiting‐list (control). The primary outcome measure was change in foot pain as measured by the Manchester‐Oxford Foot and Ankle Questionnaire (MOxFQ) at 6‐months. Core outcome measures for chronic musculoskeletal pain were also measured and cost‐effectiveness calculated.ResultsOne hundred and forty‐eight participants were recruited, randomising 73 people to the intervention and 75 people to the control. No between‐group differences in pain or demographics were detected at baseline. Foot pain as measured by the MOxFQ improved in both groups at 6‐months follow‐up, but no significant between‐group differences were identified. Significant between‐group differences, however, were detected in the patient global impression of change. Additionally, the intervention resulted in a 30% discharge rate, and is considered cost‐effective, with each QALY gain costing < $30,000 in real‐world scenarios.ConclusionA clinical triage service has minimal impact on PROMS for foot and ankle pain or chronic musculoskeletal pain, but it is generally well‐received, is cost‐effective, and participants were more likely to report global improvement if they attended.
Objectification of Skin Firmness: In Vivo Evaluation of 300 Women in Relation to Age
Authors: Roessle Alena , Kerscher Martina 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe concept of “skin quality” (SQ) has gained widespread attention, with a recent international consensus defining it and outlining four “emergent perceptual categories” (EPCs), each accompanied by specific parameters and associated measurement methods. No research has confirmed whether the parameters linked to these EPCs vary objectively with age. This gap in data is significant, as understanding how these parameters correlate with age could be essential for creating an objective, age‐adjusted classification of SQ.AimThe aim of this study was to investigate the EPC skin firmness in female facial and non‐facial skin in relation to age using biophysical measurements. Reference ranges for objective assessment were determined.Patients/MethodsThree hundred healthy women (20–69 years) were divided into five age groups. The correlation between age and skin firmness measured by Cutometer and Corneometer (Courage+Khazaka electronic GmbH, Cologne, Germany) devices was evaluated across five anatomical sites: forehead, cheek, neck, décolleté, and the hand. Percentiles were used to generate reference ranges.ResultsStatistical analysis discloses that R2 (Ua/Uf), R5 (Ur/Ue), and R7 (Ur/Uf) correlated with age for all five sites and are preferably assigned to the EPC skin firmness, whereby R2 and R7 showed the strongest correlation. For the neck, significant age‐related changes were found in most of the Cutometer parameters. The stratum corneum (SC) hydration showed only low correlations with age.ConclusionsR2, R5, and R7 are reliable indicators of age‐related changes in skin firmness, with established reference ranges that can aid in treatment decisions and SQ assessments.
Emerging Roles of Dermal Fibroblasts in Hyperpigmentation and Hypopigmentation: A Review
Authors: Gao Xingyue , Xiang Wenzhong 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundSkin pigmentation disorders may increase patients' psychological burdens. Consequently, they are increasingly attracting attention. Dermal fibroblasts have been shown to regulate pigmentation by secreting soluble factors.AimThis study aimed to summarize recent findings on the effects of dermal fibroblasts on hyperpigmentation and hypopigmentation, enabling the discovery of new therapeutic targets.MethodsPubMed was searched for literature on fibroblast factors, hyperpigmentation, and hypopigmentation, and a comprehensive summary and analysis were performed.ResultsFibroblasts secrete both cytokines that promote pigmentation, including stem cell factor (SCF) and keratinocyte growth factor (KGF), and small amounts of those that inhibit pigmentation, such as Dickkopf1 (DKK1) and transforming growth factor (TGF)‐β. Fibroblast‐derived extracellular matrix (ECM) can also affect melanocyte tyrosinase activity and the transfer of melanosomes. In hyperpigmentation disorders, such as melasma and solar lentigines, the secretion of pigmentation‐promoting factors increases, and the activity of key enzymes in melanin production is elevated. In hypopigmentation disorders, including vitiligo, the secretion of melanogenic factors decreases while the factors that inhibit pigmentation increase. Fibroblasts may serve as a new therapeutic target, providing new insights to precisely treat pigmentary disorders.ConclusionsFibroblasts synthesize and secrete various cytokines and proteins that modify melanin synthesis and transfer through different signaling pathways, playing prominent roles in pigmentary skin disorders, such as photoaging, melasma, solar lentigo, and vitiligo.
Nigrospora Species Causing Leaf Disease on Camellia Plants
Authors: Yan Linzhe , Pan Weihua , Zhou Xudong 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTCamellia sinensis and C. japonica plant leaves with spots were collected in Zhejiang Province, China. Three representative isolates resembling Nigrospora were selected for identification and pathogenicity test. Based on morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analyses of the partial regions of internal transcribed spacer (ITS), beta‐tubulin (TUB2), and translation elongation factor 1‐alpha (TEF) sequences, the isolates from C. japonica were identified as Nigrospora. oryzae and N. philosophiae‐doctoris, while the one from C. sinensis as N. camelliae‐sinensis. Inoculation of the isolates on healthy leaves showed symptoms similar to those observed in the field, and the fungi were reisolated from the lesions. To our knowledge, this represents the first report of leaf spot disease caused by Nigrospora species on C. japonica worldwide. The result further confirms that species residing the genus of Nigrospora act as causal agents of plant leaf spot disease, and their potential impact deserves further investigation.
Resistance‐Associated Substitution Testing Trends and Impact on HCV Treatment Outcomes in Canada: A CanHepC‐CANUHC Analysis
Authors: Perera Himain , Imsirovic Haris , Macphail Gisela , Webster Duncan , Fraser Chris , Borgia Sergio , Liu Hongqun , Lee Sam , Feld Jordan J. , Cooper Curtis ,   the Canadian Network Undertaking Against Hepatitis C (CANUHC) Cohort Investigator Team
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTResistance‐associated substitutions (RASs) are mutations within the hepatitis C (HCV) genome that may influence the likelihood of achieving a sustained virological response (SVR) with direct acting antiviral (DAA) treatment. Clinicians conduct RAS testing to adapt treatment regimens with the intent of improving the likelihood of cure. The Canadian Network Undertaking against Hepatitis C (CANUHC) prospective cohort consists of chronic HCV patients enrolled between 2015 and 2023 across 17 Canadian sites. Utilisation of RAS testing was assessed across demographics, clinical characteristics and years. SVR was described for the overall cohort and compared across populations of patients with historically negative predictors of SVR. The detection of key RASs and how this information influenced DAA selection were assessed. 2434 patients were identified with information on RAS testing. 98.3% achieved SVR. Out of the 227 patients tested for RAS, 147 (64.8%) had any detected RAS, and 84 (37.0%) had an NS5A RAS. The proportion of patients with SVR did not differ between RAS‐tested (98.3%) and non‐tested patients (98.3%; p = 0.99). SVR in those with an NS5a RAS was similar (98.6%) to the overall SVR proportion. Proportions with SVR did not differ between those with and without RAS testing in key subgroups (genotype 1a, genotype 3, prior treatment, cirrhosis). The specific DAA regimen and the addition of ribavirin were not associated with SVR outcome. RAS testing has a minimal influence on antiviral treatment selection. Going forward, there is a reduced role for RAS testing in most clinical scenarios.
Patient Source of Referral Is a Key Determinant of Subsequent Retention in Care for Young Chronic Hepatitis B Patients
Authors: Mutimer David , Brown Maxine , Logan Jacqueline , Kelgeri Chayarani 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTHepatitis B elimination objectives can only be realised if new patient linkage to care is matched by long‐term patient retention in care. We previously showed in adult chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients that retention in care was inferior in younger patients and in patients from non‐Asian ethnicities. The present study explores further the rates and determinants of loss to follow‐up in a cohort of 271 young patients (aged 16–21 years at baseline). 16% of patients were lost to follow‐up after a single consultation, and retention in care at 5 and 10 years was 53.7% and 45.9%, respectively. Retention in care was strongly associated with the source of patient referral and was superior for patients referred from the antenatal clinic and those transitioned from paediatric care (68% retention at 5 years for both sources) compared with those from “other” sources (36% at 5 years). In multivariate analyses, patient source of referral and distance of current residence from the Hepatitis Outpatient Clinic were the significant determinants of loss to follow‐up. Retention in care may have been promoted by the transition process for those diagnosed in childhood and by the repeated referral from the antenatal clinic of women who had multiple pregnancies during the observation period. Only 20% of asylum seekers and referrals from genitourinary clinics were retained in follow‐up at 10 years from baseline. This identifies a group of patients who do not access medical care, cannot benefit from treatment, and who may constitute a long‐term public health risk.