bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Long Road Towards the Soft Nuclear Repository State: Nuclear Waste Governance in Germany
Authors: Di Nucci Maria Rosaria , Brunnengräber Achim 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe decision-making processes in the field of radioactive waste in the Federal Republic Germany have been dominated for long time by the decide-announce-defend (DAD) strategy. In response, the movement against nuclear power and the transport and storage of nuclear waste grew strong and continues to be a key political actor in the current siting process. Following the decision in 2011 to phase out nuclear power by 2022 and with a view to the failures of the past, an ambitiousSite Selection Act(StandAG) was passed in 2013 and amended in 2017. This provided the frame for the establishment of new institutions and a far-reaching participation procedure. In this respect, the StandAG represents a key milestone for the new start of the site search for high-level waste (HLW) based on the principle of the blank map and has contributed to modify the nuclear waste governance system. In 2020, following the release of a preliminary report with an evaluation of regions with potentially suitable host rock formations for a geologic nuclear repository, the operator BGE designated around 90 potential areas. The search for a site that provides the greatest possible safety and security potential sites is being accompanied by a participative process involving various stakeholder groups. It was planned to find a suitable, accepted location by 2031. However, in November 2022 the operator BGE announced that the search for a site would last longer, possibly between 2046 and 2068. The process is thus confronted with significant challenges and Germany must work out a concept for a long-term temporary storage facility as in several European countries. This chapter analyses the long-term multi-level governance of HLW in Germany and the evolution of new institutions with a focus on the domains: politics & administration, legislation, science & technology and civil society and the interaction between them.Procedural fairness and inclusiveness of the process remain important and necessary prerequisites for building public confidence and for the social acceptability of the political siting decisions. The chapter maintains that the legal framework and the StandAG leave many unresolved issues, but still permits extensive room for manoeuvre and represents an opportunity for new and expanded forms of participation to be pursued.
Introduction: Towards a Sociology of the Everyday in Brunei Darussalam
Authors: Fee Lian Kwen , Carnegie Paul J. , Hassan Noor Hasharina 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTo borrow Bourdieu’s (1990) terminology, the habitus of everyday life is a lifeworld simultaneously constrained by and resistant of more powerful social structures and institutions. It alerts us to the idea that everyday life and ‘ordinariness’ can serve to mask extraordinary levels of adaptability, fortitude and reciprocity. This introductory chapter details a sociology of the everyday and its utility for developing our understanding of the ways in which people and communities in Brunei Darussalam perceive and interpret their contemporary reality. It considers the new angles of vision and scale that such an approach may offer on this most discrete of countries.
Negotiating Assimilation and Hybridity: The Identity of Chinese-Malays in Brunei Darussalam
Authors: Hoon Chang-Yau , Sahrifulhafiz Nur Shawatriqah 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis chapter explores the ways in which Bruneians who are born into a Chinese-Malay family define their identity. It details how the state classifies them in terms of ‘race’, how they negotiate their bicultural practices, and the day-to-day challenges they face while growing up in what we could term a liminal space of in-betweenness. Situated against the backdrop of state-level assimilation influence, the chapter discusses the ways in which Chinese-Malays negotiate between assimilation and hybridity. By articulating the everyday experiences of between and betwixt among these biracial subjects, the chapter reveals the various forces shaping the boundaries of exclusion and inclusion, belonging and non-belonging in Brunei Darussalam.
From Migrants to Citizens: The Iban of Melilas Longhouse, Brunei Darussalam
Authors: Hazimah Mahirah Nazatul , Fee Lian Kwen 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThere are an estimated 14,000 to 20,000 Iban living in Brunei Darussalam, most of them in the Belait and Temburong districts. They migrated to Brunei from Sarawak just before the Second World War in search of new land and an opportunity to improve their livelihoods. Not recognised as one of the seven indigenous ethnic groups (puak) by the state, the common narrative is that they face challenges of incorporation into the sultanate. In the Sukang subdistrict in Belait, there are eight Iban longhouses. This case study of the Iban of the Melilas longhouse documents how one particular community has successfully negotiated and managed their acceptance as full citizens of Brunei while retaining their Iban identity.
Food Choices and the Malay Muslim Middle Class in Brunei Darussalam
Authors: Ibrahim Faizul 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis chapter examines the middle class in Brunei Darussalam through an exploration of their everyday food choices. In doing so, I investigate middle-class food consumption and eating habits both at home and when eating out. While Brunei is a socially stratified society, this research suggests that being middle class is more than just expressing status-seeking behaviour or material aspirations. Rather, the analysis proposes that a middle-class status is also reflected in food-related behaviour, attitudes and feelings such as nostalgia, fondness and affection for meals and mealtimes. A significant middle class certainly exists and it continues to shape the fabric of Brunei society.
Pengangun: Female Ritual Specialists for Malay Weddings in Brunei Darussalam
Authors: Hakim Mufidah Abdul 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis chapter is an ethnographic account of the spiritual function of female wedding attendants and ritual experts (pengangun) in the Brunei-Muara district, Brunei Darussalam. It details and examines the important role of women in these wedding rituals. The discussion then further considers the ways in which their role has changed in contemporary Brunei and the everyday challenges they face.
Dressing bulk spinor fields in AdS3
Authors: Lifschytz Gilad , Patra Milan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We continue the program of bulk reconstruction for fermionic fields. We reconstruct, from the CFT, the Dirac fermion field in AdS3 coupled to a Chern-Simons gauge field. We show that the three conditions; solving the equation of motion, satisfying expected transformation under modular flow and a simple charge distribution at infinity are all compatible and all produce the same bulk operator. We also compute the bulk-boundary tree level three point function from the CFT construction.
New Criteria on Oscillatory Behavior of Third Order Half-Linear Functional Differential Equations
Authors: Grace Said R. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis paper deals with some new criteria for the oscillation of third order half-linear differential equations. The purpose of the present paper is the linearization of equation 1.1 in the sense that we would deduce oscillation of studied equation from that of the linear form and to provide new oscillation criteria via comparison with first order equations whose oscillatory behavior are known. The obtained results are new, improve and correlate many of the known oscillation criteria appeared in the literature for equation 1.1. The results are illustrated by some examples.
The relationship between problematic Instagram use and eating disorders psychopathology: an explanatory structural equation model
Authors: Fioravanti Giulia , Cassioli Emanuele , Rossi Eleonora , Lucherini Angeletti Lorenzo , Casale Silvia , Ricca Valdo , Castellini Giovanni 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAn emerging body of research has evidenced the negative influence of using and being exposed to social networking sites (SNSs) on body image. Furthermore, it has been postulated that SNS use might be related with onset and persistence of eating disorders (EDs) psychopathology. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the complex interplay between problematic Instagram use (PIU) (conceptualized as a potential behavioral addiction comprising withdrawal, conflict, tolerance, salience, mood modification and relapse) and ED psychopathology, by means of an explanatory structural equation model. We hypothesized that PIU would be associated with ED symptoms through the mediating role of appearance comparison, individual psychological investment in physical appearance, and body uneasiness. A sample of 386 young female participants (Mage = 26.04 ± 6.73) was recruited, of which 152 had received a diagnosis of ED. ED patients used Instagram more than the control group and showed higher levels of PIU. Results from structural equation modeling (fit indices: χ2 = 44.54, df = 19, p < 0.001; RMSEA = 0.059; CFI = 0.98; SRMR = 0.02) showed that PIU predicted appearance comparison and psychological investment in physical appearance, which in turn predicted body uneasiness. In turn, body uneasiness predicted ED psychopathology and interpersonal difficulties. Our model provides a useful account of how eating disorder symptoms could be triggered and maintained by an addictive use of Instagram.
Hierarchical ‘rose-petal’ ZnO/Si surfaces with reversible wettability reaching complete water repellence without chemical modification
Authors: Kanidi M. , Bardakas A. , Kerasidou A. , Anastasopoulos A. , Tsamis C. , Kandyla M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSmart surfaces with externally controlled wettability patterns are ubiquitous building blocks for micro-/nanofluidic and lab-on-chip devices, among others. We develop hierarchical surfaces of ZnO nanorods grown on laser-microstructured silicon with reversible photo-induced and heat-induced wettability. The as-prepared surfaces are superhydrophilic, with very low water contact angles (~ 10°), and transition to a wetting state with high water contact angles (~ 150°) when annealed in vacuum. As the annealing temperature increases to 400 °C, the surfaces become completely water-repellent. Even though the annealed surfaces present high water contact angles, at the same time, they are very adhesive for water droplets, which do not roll off even when tilted at 90° or 180o (rose-petal effect), unlike standard hydrophobic surfaces which typically combine high water contact angles with low roll-off angles. The surfaces return to the superhydrophilic state when irradiated with UV light, which indicates a reversible wettability with external stimuli. Based on this transition, we demonstrate local modification of the wetting state of the surfaces by UV irradiation through a mask, which results in directed liquid motion, useful for microfluidic applications. The high contact angles obtained in this work are usually obtained only after chemical modification of the ZnO surface with organic coatings, which was not necessary for the hierarchical surfaces developed here, reducing the cost and processing steps of the fabrication route. These rose-petal surfaces can be used as “mechanical hands” in several applications, such as no-loss transport of small liquid volumes, precision coatings, spectroscopy, and others. Furthermore, the completely water-repellent surfaces, rarely reported elsewhere, may find important applications in frictionless liquid transport for microfluidic and other devices.
Measurements on the effect of steps on the transition of laminar boundary layers
Authors: Heintz Alexander , Scholz Peter 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe effects of steps on the transition of laminar boundary layers were measured on a flat plate for low Reynolds numbers with critical and subcritical step heights. The transition position was measured by determining the intermittency distribution in streamwise direction, including the characteristic length of the transitional region. The results are compared with formulations of a critical step Reynolds number $${\textrm{Re}_\textrm{h}}$$

Re
h

, i.e., the step height that will instantly trigger transition at the step position, and—for subcritical step heights—with $${{\Delta N}}$$

Δ
N

-formulations from the literature. For backward-facing steps, the concept of a step Reynolds number can be used to distinguish between subcritical and critical step heights, whereas for forward-facing steps there seems not to be one unique $${\textrm{Re}_\textrm{h}}$$

Re
h

. Furthermore, for subcritical backward-facing steps the concept of a $${{\Delta N}}$$

Δ
N

-approximation gives a reasonable description of the experimental observations. Again in contrast, for forward-facing steps a $${{\Delta N}}$$

Δ
N

-approach scattered a lot and no clear dependency was found between the reduction in the critical N-factor of transition and the relative step height.
Curve-on-curve technique does not improve tibial coverage in total knee arthroplasty in comparison to tibial tuberosity technique with use of anatomical implants: randomized controlled trial
Authors: Maciąg Bartosz M. , Kordyaczny Tomasz , Żarnovsky Krystian , Budzińska Martyna , Jegierski Dawid , Łapiński Marcin , Maciąg Grzegorz J. , Stolarczyk Artur 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Introduction
During the last years, main attention while performing total knee replacement was paid to femoral component alignment; however, there is still lack of studies concerning tibial baseplate rotational alignment, especially in terms of anatomical designs of knee prosthesis. Some recent studies proved that tibial baseplate malrotation might be a cause of knee pain and patients’ dissatisfaction. The aim of this study was to compare tibial component rotation and its coverage on the tibial plateau achieved with curve-on-curve and tibial tuberosity techniques (t-t technique) with use of anatomic knee designs with asymmetric tibial baseplate.

Materials and methods
A total of 88 patients were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to undergo total knee arthroplasty with use of the PERSONA PS (Zimmer Biomet) knee design with an asymmetric baseplate. The rotation of the tibial component was assessed and performed with two different techniques: curve-on-curve technique and tibial tuberosity technique. Tibial component rotation was measured on computed tomography (CT) scans using the method suggested by Benazzo et al. and designed for asymmetrical implants. For the measurement of the tibial bone coverage, the component surface area was outlined and measured on a proper CT section, then the tibial cut surface area was outlined and measured on a section just below the cement level. Pre- and post-operative range of motion was measured by another independent researcher 12 months post-operatively during follow-up visit.

Results
There was a statistically significant difference between both groups in median value of tibial rotation angle: 7° (interquartile range (IQR) = 0–12) in curve-on-curve technique group vs 2° (IQR-1–7) in tibial tuberosity technique group, probability value (p) = 0.0041, with values above 0 meaning external rotation of the component. There was no statistically significant difference between both groups in terms of range of motion (ROM) with average values of 124.3° ± 13.0° for curve-on-curve technique and 125.6° ± 12.8° for t-t technique with p = 0.45. There was a statistically insignificant difference between both groups in terms of coverage percentage in slight favor for curve-on-curve technique (85.9 ± 4.2 vs 84.5 ± 4.8, p = 0.17).

Conclusion
In this study, no difference between the groups in terms of tibial bone coverage and range of motion was proved, even though both techniques differed significantly with values of tibial rotation. Future studies should be focused on influence of specific values of tibial rotation on patient-reported outcomes and survivorship of anatomic knee implants.
Thunderbeat®: a new step forward in transoral surgery—systematic review of literature and our experience
Authors: Saraniti Carmelo , Barbara Verro 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Minimally invasive surgery is today the main challenge of ENT surgeons who aim to achieve oncological radicality with less aesthetic and functional impact. This is the basis for the widespread transoral surgical techniques, as the Thunderbeat®.

Objective
To date, the use of Thunderbeat® in transoral surgery is still little known and widespread. So, this study analyzes, with a systematic review, current literature about the transoral use of Thunderbeat® and shows our case studies.

Methods
The research was carried out on Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science and Cochrane databases using specific keywords. Then, a retrospective study was carried out on 10 patients who underwent transoral surgery by Thunderbeat® in our ENT Clinic. Both in our cases and in the systematic review the following parameters have been evaluated: treated anatomical site and subsite, histological diagnosis, type of surgery, duration of nasogastric tube and hospitalization, post-operative complications, tracheostomy, resection margin status.

Results
The review included 3 articles that described transoral use of Thunderbeat® for a total of 31 patients suffering from oropharyngeal, hypopharyngeal and/or laryngeal carcinoma. Nasogastric tube was removed after 21.5 days on average, temporary tracheostomy was performed in 6 patients. The main complications were: bleeding (12.90%) and pharyngocutaneous fistula (29.03%). Thunderbeat® shaft was 35 cm long and 5 mm large. Our case studies included 5 males and 5 females, mean age 64.4 ± 10.28, with oropharyngeal or supraglottic carcinoma, parapharyngeal pleomorphic adenoma and cavernous hemangioma of the tongue base. Temporary tracheostomy was performed in 8 patients. Free resection margins were achieved in all cases (100%). No peri-operative complications occurred. Nasogastric tube was removed after 5.3 ± 2 days on average. All patients were discharged without tracheal tube and NGT after 18.2 ± 4.72 days on average.

Conclusion
This study demonstrated that Thunderbeat® has several advantages over other transoral surgical approaches, such as CO2 laser and robotic surgery, in terms of best combination of oncological and functional success, less post-operative complications and costs. So, it could represent a step forward in transoral surgery.
Prognostic MRI parameters in acute traumatic cervical spinal cord injury
Authors: Dobran M. , Aiudi D. , Liverotti V. , Fasinella M. R. , Lattanzi S. , Melchiorri C. , Iacoangeli A. , Campa S. , Polonara G. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this study is to estimate the prognostic value of some features documented on preoperative MRI study in patients with acute cervical spinal cord injury.

Methods
The study was conducted in patients operated for cervical spinal cord injury (cSCI) from April 2014 to October 2020.
The quantitative analysis on preoperative MRI scans included: length of the spinal cord intramedullary lesion (IMLL the canal diameter at the level of maximal spinal cord compression (MSCC) and the presence of intramedullary hemorrhage. The canal diameter at the MSCC was measured on the middle sagittal FSE-T2W images at the maximum level of injury.
The America Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) motor score was used for neurological assessment at hospital admission. At 12-month follow-up all patients were examined with the SCIM questionnaire.

Results
At linear regression analysis, the length of the spinal cord lesion [β coefficient −10.35, 95% confidence interval (CI)−13.71 to−6.99; p < 0.001], the diameter of the canal at the level of the MSCC (β coefficient 6.99, 95% CI 0.65 to 13.33; p = 0.032), and the intramedullary hemorrhage (β coefficient  − 20.76, 95% CI − 38.70 to − 2.82; p = 0.025), were significantly associated with the score at the SCIM questionnaire at one year follow-up: shorter spinal cord lesion, greater diameter of the canal at the level of the MSCC, and absence of intramedullary hemorrhage were predictors of better outcome.

Conclusion
According to the findings of our study, the spinal length lesion, canal diameter at the level of spinal cord compression and intramedullary hematoma documented by the preoperative MRI study were associated with the prognosis of patients with cSCI.
Shape control of moderately thick piezoelectric beams
Authors: Schoeftner Juergen 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe present contribution focuses on shape control of thick beam-type structures. First the governing equations of a multi-layered beam are derived by taking advantage of the Timoshenko assumptions and the constitutive relations of piezoelectric materials. The deflection curves are explicitly given for a piezoelectric cantilever subjected to a polynomial distribution of the vertical load and the applied electric voltage. In order to find a solution for the optimal shape control voltage an objective function, which depends on the quadratic deflection curve over the beam length, is minimized. Finally several benchmark examples are given for thick beams and the outcome is compared to finite element results and previously derived shape control results from the scientific literature that hold for thin piezoelectric beams. The presented shape control method shows a better agreement with the numerical outcome than the analytical shape control results within the Bernoulli-Euler theory, but the desired voltage distribution only slightly differs from the outcome for thin beams. Furthermore it is found that for a given total thickness-to-length ratio piezoelectric bimorph structures may be more difficult to be perfectly controlled than three-layer beams with thin piezoelectric layers. This is due to higher order piezoelectric effects which are not considered by the present theory (e.g. the thickness deformation caused by the thickness piezoelectric coupling constant).