bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Channel‐Dimensional Feature‐Reconstructed Deep Learning Model for Predicting Breast Cancer Molecular Subtypes on Overall b‐Value Diffusion‐Weighted MRI
Authors: Zhou Xin‐Xiang , Zhang Lan , Cui Quan‐Xiang , Li Hui , Sang Xi‐Qiao , Zhang Hong‐Xia , Zhu Yue‐Min , Kuai Zi‐Xiang 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundDynamic contrast‐enhanced (DCE) MRI commonly outperforms diffusion‐weighted (DW) MRI in breast cancer discrimination. However, the side effects of contrast agents limit the use of DCE‐MRI, particularly in patients with chronic kidney disease.PurposeTo develop a novel deep learning model to fully exploit the potential of overall b‐value DW‐MRI without the need for a contrast agent in predicting breast cancer molecular subtypes and to evaluate its performance in comparison with DCE‐MRI.Study TypeProspective.Subjects486 female breast cancer patients (training/validation/test: 64%/16%/20%).Field Strength/Sequence3.0 T/DW‐MRI (13 b‐values) and DCE‐MRI (one precontrast and five postcontrast phases).AssessmentThe breast cancers were divided into four subtypes: luminal A, luminal B, HER2+, and triple negative. A channel‐dimensional feature‐reconstructed (CDFR) deep neural network (DNN) was proposed to predict these subtypes using pathological diagnosis as the reference standard. Additionally, a non‐CDFR DNN (NCDFR‐DNN) was built for comparative purposes. A mixture ensemble DNN (ME‐DNN) integrating two CDFR‐DNNs was constructed to identify subtypes on multiparametric MRI (MP‐MRI) combing DW‐MRI and DCE‐MRI.Statistical TestsModel performance was evaluated using accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Model comparisons were performed using the one‐way analysis of variance with least significant difference post hoc test and the DeLong test. P < 0.05 was considered significant.ResultsThe CDFR‐DNN (accuracies, 0.79 ~ 0.80; AUCs, 0.93 ~ 0.94) demonstrated significantly improved predictive performance than the NCDFR‐DNN (accuracies, 0.76 ~ 0.78; AUCs, 0.92 ~ 0.93) on DW‐MRI. Utilizing the CDFR‐DNN, DW‐MRI attained the predictive performance equal (P = 0.065 ~ 1.000) to DCE‐MRI (accuracies, 0.79 ~ 0.80; AUCs, 0.93 ~ 0.95). The predictive performance of the ME‐DNN on MP‐MRI (accuracies, 0.85 ~ 0.87; AUCs, 0.96 ~ 0.97) was superior to those of both the CDFR‐DNN and NCDFR‐DNN on either DW‐MRI or DCE‐MRI.Data ConclusionThe CDFR‐DNN enabled overall b‐value DW‐MRI to achieve the predictive performance comparable to DCE‐MRI. MP‐MRI outperformed DW‐MRI and DCE‐MRI in subtype prediction.Level of Evidence2Technical Efficacy Stage1
Clinical characteristics of unvaccinated or incompletely vaccinated children with neurological manifestations due to SARS‐CoV‐2 Omicron infection
Authors: Tso Winnie Wan‐Yee , Kwan Mike Yat‐Wah , Kwok Janette Siu‐Yin , Tsang Jessica Oi‐Ling , Yip Cyril Chik‐Yan , Leung Lok‐Kan , Li Cuixin , Wang Yuliang , Chow Mathew Siu‐Chun , Tsang Anita Man‐Ching , Chim Stella , Chow Chin‐Ying , Ho Alvin Chi‐Chung , Chan Sophelia Hoi‐Shan , Tai Shuk‐Mui , Lee Wing‐Cheong , Chan Victor Chi‐Man , Yau Eric Kin‐Cheong , Sun Jacquelyne Ka‐Li , Chow Hei‐Man , Lau Yu‐Lung , Ip Patrick , Chan Jasper Fuk‐Woo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractOmicron generally causes milder disease than previous strains of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), especially in fully vaccinated individuals. However, incompletely vaccinated children may develop Omicron‐related complications such as those affecting the central nervous system. To characterize the spectrum of clinical manifestations of neuro‐COVID and to identify potential biomarkers associated with clinical outcomes, we recruited 15 children hospitalized for Omicron‐related neurological manifestations in three hospitals in Hong Kong (9 boys and 6 girls aged 1–13 years). All were unvaccinated or incompletely vaccinated. Fourteen (93.3%) were admitted for convulsion, including benign febrile seizure (n = 7), complex febrile seizure (n = 2), seizure with fever (n = 3), and recurrent breakthrough seizure (n = 2), and the remaining nonconvulsive patient developed encephalopathic state with impaired consciousness. None of the seven children with benign febrile seizure and six of eight children with other neurological manifestations had residual deficits at 9‐month follow‐up. SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA was undetectable in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) specimens of seven patients who underwent lumbar puncture. Spike‐and‐wave/sharp waves affecting the frontal lobes were detected in four of seven (57.1%) patients who underwent electroencephalogram. Children with Omicron‐related neurological manifestations had significantly higher blood levels of IL‐6 (p < 0.001) and CHI3L1 (p = 0.022) than healthy controls, and higher CSF levels of IL‐6 (p = 0.002) than children with non‐COVID‐19‐related febrile illnesses. Higher CSF‐to‐blood ratios of IL‐8 and CHI3L1 were associated with longer length of stay, whereas higher ratios of IL‐6 and IL‐8 were associated with higher blood tau level. The role of CSF:blood ratio of IL‐6, IL‐8, and CHI3L1 as prognostic markers for neuro–COVID should be further evaluated.
Persistent hepatitis B virus and HIV coinfections in dually humanized mice engrafted with human liver and immune system
Authors: Hogan Glenn , Winer Benjamin Y. , Ahodantin James , Sellau Julie , Huang Tiffany , Douam Florian , Funaki Masaya , Chiriboga Luis , Su Lishan , Ploss Alexander 
Published: July 2023

AbstractChronic hepatitis B (CHB), caused by hepatitis B virus (HBV), remains a major medical problem. HBV has a high propensity for progressing to chronicity and can result in severe liver disease, including fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. CHB patients frequently present with viral coinfection, including human immunodeficiency virus type (HIV) and hepatitis delta virus. About 10% of chronic HIV carriers are also persistently infected with HBV, which can result in more exacerbated liver disease. Mechanistic studies of HBV‐induced immune responses and pathogenesis, which could be significantly influenced by HIV infection, have been hampered by the scarcity of immunocompetent animal models. Here, we demonstrate that humanized mice dually engrafted with components of a human immune system and a human liver supported HBV infection, which was partially controlled by human immune cells, as evidenced by lower levels of serum viremia and HBV replication intermediates in the liver. HBV infection resulted in priming and expansion of human HLA‐restricted CD8+ T cells, which acquired an activated phenotype. Notably, our dually humanized mice support persistent coinfections with HBV and HIV, which opens opportunities for analyzing immune dysregulation during HBV and HIV coinfection, and preclinical testing of novel immunotherapeutics.
High sensitivity C reactive protein levels and atrial fibrillation recurrence after catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Jaroonpipatkul Surachat , Trongtorsak Angkawipa , Kewcharoen Jakrin , Thangjui Sittinun , Pokawattana Apichai , Navaravong Leenhapong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundAtrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence after AF ablation is not uncommon. High sensitivity C reactive protein (hs‐CRP) is a widely used inflammatory marker with a potential property to predict AF recurrence. We conducted a systematic review and a meta‐analysis to find an association between hs‐CRP levels and AF recurrence after ablation.MethodsWe searched PubMed, Embase, and Wiley‐Cochrane Library from inception to January 2022 for studies that reported hs‐CRP levels in patients who underwent AF ablation. Weighted mean difference (WMD) was used to evaluate the difference between hs‐CRP levels in post‐ablation AF recurrent and non‐recurrent group. Also, the difference between hs‐CRP levels in pre‐ and post‐ablation was determined.ResultsWe identified 10 studies, and a total of 789 patients were included (299 recurrent vs. 490 non‐recurrent patients). The mean age was 57.7 years (76.4% male). There was no difference in baseline hs‐CRP levels between AF recurrent and non‐recurrent group (WMD = 0.05, 95% CI = −0.04 to 0.15, p = 0.045). However, higher hs‐CRP levels post‐ablation were found in AF recurrent group (WMD = 0.09, 95% CI = 0.03–0.15, p < 0.001).ConclusionThere is no significant difference in baseline hs‐CRP levels between AF recurrent and non‐recurrent patients after AF ablation. However, higher post‐ablation hs‐CRP level was found in AF recurrent group. High Sensitivity C reactive protein may play a role as a predictor of AF recurrence.
Association with the nonparoxysmal atrial fibrillation duration and outcome of ExTRa Mapping‐guided rotor ablation
Authors: Okuyama Yusuke , Ozawa Tomoya , Nishikawa Takuma , Fujii Yusuke , Kato Koichi , Sugimoto Yoshihisa , Nakagawa Yoshihisa , Ashihara Takashi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundAdditional ablation strategies after pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) for patients with nonparoxysmal atrial fibrillation (non‐PAF) lasting ≥2 years have not been fully effective. This is presumably because of insufficient identification of non‐PAF maintenance mechanisms. In this study, we employed a novel online and real‐time phase mapping system, ExTRa Mapping, to identify and modulate rotors as one of the non‐PAF maintenance mechanisms in patients with non‐PAF sustained after PVI. We investigated the relationship between outcomes of ExTRa Mapping‐guided rotor ablation (ExTRa‐ABL) and non‐PAF duration prior to this procedure.MethodsThis study consisted of 73 non‐PAF patients (63 ± 8 years, non‐PAF duration 31 ± 37 months) who underwent the first ExTRa‐ABL in patients with non‐PAF sustained after completion of PVI.ResultsFreedom from non‐PAF/atrial tachycardia (AT) recurrence at 12 months after ExTRa‐ABL was achieved in 50 (69%) of patients. The non‐PAF duration prior to ExTRa‐ABL was significantly longer in patients with non‐PAF/AT recurrence after ExTRa‐ABL compared with those without (56 ± 50 vs. 19 ± 22 months, p = .001). In patients with non‐PAF duration of ≤60 months prior to ExTRa‐ABL, compared with >60 months, non‐PAF/AT‐free rate was significantly higher (68.9% vs. 23.1%, p < .001), during the follow‐up of 36 ± 18 months.ConclusionsA non‐PAF duration of ≤60 months prior to ExTRa‐ABL was associated with a better outcome. The effect of ExTRa‐ABL was considered to be limited in patients with >60 months of non‐PAF duration.
Effects of supplemental irrigation on grain yield and water and nitrogen efficiencies of winter wheat in the North China Plain
Authors: Zhao Jinke , Xu Yufan , Xu Xuexin , Liu Shuai , Hao Tianjia , Qu Wenkai , Li Mingrui , Shi Yan , Zhao Changxing 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundAiming at unbalanced coordination of irrigation and fertilization of winter wheat in the eastern North China Plain, this study investigated the effect of fertigation on wheat grain yield, grain quality, and water use efficiency (WUE) and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) in seven irrigation and nitrogen (N) fertilization treatments. Under the field conditions, the traditional irrigation and fertilization method (total N amount of 240 kg ha−1, application of 90 kg ha−1 at sowing irrigation at jointing and anthesis, with topdressing N of 150 kg ha−1 at jointing) was used as the control (CK). There were six fertigation treatments to compare with CK. For the fertigation treatments, the total amount of N application was set to 180 kg ha−1 and 90 kg ha−1 was applied at sowing and the remaining N fertilizer was applied through fertigation. The fertigation treatments included the combination of three fertigation frequencies (S2: at jointing and anthesis; S3: at jointing, anthesis, and filling; S4: at jointing, booting, anthesis, and filling) and two soil water replenishment depths (M1: 0–10 cm; M2: 0–20 cm). The six treatments were S4M2, S4M1, S3M2, S3M1, S2M2, and S2M1.ResultCompared with CK, three and four irrigations (S3 and S4) maintained higher soil and plant analyzer development value and photosynthetic rate after anthesis. These treatments increased soil water extraction while reducing crop water consumption during the whole growing season, promoted the assimilation and translocation of dry matter into the grain after anthesis, and increased the 1000‐grain weight. These fertigation treatments also significantly increased WUE and NUE. At the same time, the high grain protein content and grain protein yield were maintained.Compared with the CK, high wheat yield was maintained by S3M1 (drip irrigation fertilizer at the jointing, anthesis, and filling, and the depth of the moisture replenishment is 10 cm). This fertigation treatment significantly increased yield by 7.6%, WUE by 30%, NUE by 41.4%, and partial factor productivity from applied N by 25.8%; grain yield, grain protein content, and grain protein yield also performed well.ConclusionConsequently, S3M1 treatment was suggested to be a good practice for reducing irrigation water and N input in the eastern North China Plain. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Kinetics of thermal degradation of carotenoids related to potential of mixture of wheat, cassava and sweet potato flours in baking products
Authors: Ospina Maria A , Moreno Jhon Larry , Tran Thierry , Jaramillo Angélica M. , Gallego‐Castillo Sonia , Ospina Bernardo , Dufour Dominique 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe consumption of foods such as sweet potato and cassava with high levels of carotenoids is a possible solution to reduce vitamin A deficiency. In this study, we evaluated the kinetics of thermal degradation of carotenoids. The content of carotenoids was quantified by high‐performance liquid chromatography, first in fresh material, then in flour and finally in bakery products using mixtures of wheat, sweet potato and cassava. The degree of acceptance of the bakery products by children was also assessed through a sensory acceptance test.ResultsThe study found that the degradation of carotenoid compounds in sweet potato followed first‐order kinetics and fitted the Arrhenius equation with correlations of R2 > 0.9. The retention rates of all‐trans‐β‐carotene were 77%, 56% and 48% at cooking temperatures of 75, 85 and 95 °C respectively, during a cooking time of 20 min. The concentrations of all‐trans‐β‐carotene, after baking, for bread, cookies and cake were 15, 19 and 14 μg g−1 db, respectively. In a sensory acceptance test carried out in a school, 47.6% of the boys and 79.2% of the girls rated the cookies made from a mixture of cassava, sweet potato and wheat flour with the indicator I like it a lot.ConclusionThe content of carotenoid compounds was reduced by exposure to high temperatures and long cooking times. The combinations of cooking time and temperature which minimized degradation of all‐trans‐β‐carotene occurred at 75 °C–20 min and 95 °C–10 min. All‐trans‐β‐carotene retentions for bread, cookies and cake were 25%, 15% and 11% respectively. The mixture of wheat, sweet potato and cassava flour can be considered in the development of cookies with positive contributions of all‐trans‐β‐carotenes and with a good acceptance by children between 9 and 13 years old. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Use of metaverse in socializing: Application of the big five personality traits framework
Authors: G Sowmya , Chakraborty Debarun , Polisetty Aruna , Khorana Sangeeta , Buhalis Dimitrios 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSocial media sites, such as Twitter, Instagram, and Facebook, are increasingly interconnected with the metaverse, which has forged a new digital connection between the users and community‐building platforms. The increased accessibility of social media via smartphones provides opportunities for greater social interaction and facilitates users’ interaction online. As the metaverse and social media sites become increasingly connected it presents opportunities for the users to make new digital connections and socialize virtually. This study employs the Big Five personality theory to empirically test how the personality traits of Generation‐Z impact on their intentions to socialize using innovative technology (metaverse). With Personal Innovation and Hedonic Motivation as moderators, we use a mixed‐methods approach that employs a qualitative (n = 24) and quantitative study (n = 436) to understand why Generation‐Z is inclined to use the metaverse for socializing. Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling analyse the data statistically. Results show that Openness has the highest impact on users’ intention to adopt the metaverse, followed by Extraversion and Agreeableness. Personal Innovation and Hedonic Motivation variables present evidence of positive moderation with the personality traits. Further, generation differences between cohorts and users’ personalities affects their willingness to adopt the metaverse.
MGF‐net: Multi‐channel group fusion enhancing boundary attention for polyp segmentation
Authors: Huang Zhiyong , Xie Fang , Qing Wencheng , Wang Mengyao , Liu Man , Sun Daming 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundColonic polyps are the most prevalent neoplastic lesions detected during colorectal cancer screening, and timely detection and excision of these precursor lesions is crucial for preventing multiple malignancies and reducing mortality rates.PurposeThe pressing need for intelligent polyp detection has led to the development of a high‐precision intelligent polyp segmentation network designed to improve polyp screening rates during colonoscopies.MethodsIn this study, we employed ResNet50 as the backbone network and embedded a multi‐channel grouping fusion encoding module in the third to fifth stages to extract high‐level semantic features of polyps. Receptive field modules were utilized to capture multi‐scale features, and grouping fusion modules were employed to capture salient features in different group channels, guiding the decoder to generate an initial global mapping with improved accuracy. To refine the segmentation of the initial global mapping, we introduced an enhanced boundary weight attention module that adaptively thresholds the initial global mapping using learnable parameters. A self‐attention mechanism was then utilized to calculate the long‐distance dependency relationship of the polyp boundary area, resulting in an output feature map with enhanced boundaries that effectively refines the boundary of the target area.ResultsWe carried out contrast experiments of MGF‐Net with mainstream polyp segmentation networks on five public datasets of ColonDB, CVC‐ColonDB, CVC‐612, Kvasir, and ETIS. The results demonstrate that the segmentation accuracy of MGF‐Net is significantly improved on the datasets. Furthermore, a hypothesis test was conducted to assess the statistical significance of the computed results.ConclusionsOur proposed MGF‐Net outperforms existing mainstream baseline networks and presents a promising solution to the pressing need for intelligent polyp detection. The proposed model is available at https://github.com/xiefanghhh/MGF‐NET.
Comprehensive evaluation and new recommendations in the use of Gafchromic EBT3 film
Authors: Liu Kevin , Jorge Patrik Gonçalves , Tailor Ramesh , Moeckli Raphaël , Schüler Emil 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundGafchromic film's unique properties of tissue‐equivalence, dose‐rate independence, and high spatial resolution make it an attractive choice for many dosimetric applications. However, complicated calibration processes and film handling limits its routine use.PurposeWe evaluated the performance of Gafchromic EBT3 film after irradiation under a variety of measurement conditions to identify aspects of film handling and analysis for simplified but robust film dosimetry.MethodsThe short‐ (from 5 min to 100 h) and long‐term (months) film response was evaluated for clinically relevant doses of up to 50 Gy for accuracy in dose determination and relative dose distributions. The dependence of film response on film‐read delay, film batch, scanner type, and beam energy was determined.ResultsScanning the film within a 4‐h window and using a standard 24‐h calibration curve introduced a maximum error of 2% over a dose range of 1–40 Gy, with lower doses showing higher uncertainty in dose determination. Relative dose measurements demonstrated <1 mm difference in electron beam parameters such as depth of 50% of the maximum dose value (R50), independent of when the film was scanned after irradiation or the type of calibration curve used (batch‐specific or time‐specific calibration curve) if the same default scanner was used. Analysis of films exposed over a 5‐year period showed that using the red channel led to the lowest variation in the measured net optical density values for different film batches, with doses >10 Gy having the lowest coefficient of variation (<1.7%). Using scanners of similar design produced netOD values within 3% after exposure to doses of 1–40 Gy.ConclusionsThis is the first comprehensive evaluation of the temporal and batch dependence of Gafchromic EBT3 film evaluated on consolidated data over 8 years. The relative dosimetric measurements were insensitive to the type of calibration applied (batch‐ or time‐specific) and in‐depth time‐dependent dosimetric signal behaviors can be established for film scanned outside of the recommended 16–24 h post‐irradiation window. We generated guidelines based on our findings to simplify film handling and analysis and provide tabulated dose‐ and time‐dependent correction factors to achieve this without reducing the accuracy of dose determination.
Oral surgery under general anesthesia in a patient with catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia: A case report
Authors: Yamasaki Sachiko , Yoshioka Yukio , Oue Kana , Koizumi Koichi , Yanamoto Souichi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundCatecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT) is a fatal arrhythmic disease. Herein, we report a case of third molar extraction performed under general anesthesia to avoid ventricular tachycardia.Case PresentationA 28‐year‐old woman presented with constant pain and bilateral mandibular gingival swelling. The patient had a history of CPVT diagnosis at 5 years of age, which had been managed with beta‐blockers and sodium channel blockers. Due to the contraindication of using epinephrine and the risk of CPVT induction due to pain, the extraction was conducted under general anesthesia.ConclusionOral surgery in CPVT patients requires appropriate anesthetic agent selection.