bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
We have to turn a transatlantic liner—Leaders' perspectives on creating a meaningful life for older persons receiving municipal care
Authors: Kihlgren Annica , James Inger , Norell Pejner Margaretha 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimsTo describe leaders’ perspectives on what is important to create a meaningful daily life for older persons receiving municipal elderly care.DesignThis study combined the Participatory Appreciative Action Reflection approach and qualitative methods.MethodsFocus Group Discussions were performed with eighty leaders that was analysed with qualitative content analysis.ResultsOne overall theme emerged “We have to turn a transatlantic liner”. The leaders proposed a need to change from an institutional care to a more person‐centered care approach on all levels of the healthcare system. This meant that everyone in the organization needed to think outside the box and find new ways to provide care to older persons. They needed to hire the right persons with the right values and knowledge. The leaders would need to provide for and support staff empowerment. There was also a need to see the older person and their relatives as co‐participants.No Patient or Public Contribution.
Adaptive event‐triggering mechanism‐based N‐step predictive load frequency control for power systems with cyber attack
Authors: Wu Yun , Tang Xiaoming , Wang Jialiang , Qu Hongchun 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAlthough there have already been many works on the model predictive control (MPC) for load frequency control (LFC) of modern power systems, limited works can be found in the literature related to the output feedback MPC. This article studies an N‐step synthesis approach of output feedback MPC for LFC systems considering the problems of communication efficiency and network security. First, to improve the communication efficiency, an adaptive event‐triggering (AET) scheme involving two adaptive laws is designed to reduce the number of transmitted data packages which offers more flexible compared with existing event‐triggering schemes; Second, to handle the network security, a new model of LFC power system combining the AET scheme and random deception attack under an unified framework is established; Moreover, a synthesis approach of output feedback MPC with N‐step strategy is addressed for LFC of power system by parameterizing the infinite control moves into a series of output feedback laws. Compared with the existing predictive load frequency control methods, the present technique is shown as an useful way to improve the control performance since more degrees freedom is introduced by the N‐step strategy. Finally, the simulation experiment is carried out to verify our technique.
Patients' perspectives on prenatal screening results that suggest maternal cancer: A qualitative analysis
Authors: Turriff Amy , Miner Skye A. , Annunziata Christina M. , Bianchi Diana W. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo explore patient perspectives after receiving non‐invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) results that suggest maternal cancer.MethodsIndividuals who received non‐reportable or discordant NIPT results during pregnancy and enrolled in a study were interviewed prior to and after receiving the outcome of their clinical evaluation for cancer. Interviews were independently coded by two researchers and analyzed thematically.ResultsForty‐nine participants were included. Three themes were identified: 1) limited pre‐test awareness of maternal incidental findings caused considerable confusion for participants, whose initial concerns focused on their babies; 2) providers' communication influenced how participants perceived their risk of cancer and the need to be evaluated; and 3) participants perceived value in receiving maternal incidental findings from NIPT despite any stress it caused during their pregnancy.ConclusionParticipants viewed the ability to detect occult malignancy as an added benefit of NIPT and felt strongly that these results should be disclosed. Obstetric providers need to be aware of maternal incidental findings from NIPT, inform pregnant people of the potential to receive these results during pre‐test counseling, and provide accurate and objective information during post‐test counseling.Clinical Trial RegistrationIncidental Detection of Maternal Neoplasia Through Non‐Invasive Cell‐Free DNA Analysis (IDENTIFY), a Natural History Study, NCT4049604.
Preparation of high‐performance poly(butylene adipate‐co‐terephthalate)/thermoplastic starch compounds with epoxidized soybean oil as compatibilizer
Authors: Jiang Xuegang , Wang Jinheng , Zhang Jianting , Wang Jikui , Guo Weihong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBiodegradable poly(butylene adipate‐co‐terephthalate) (PBAT) has excellent processing and mechanical properties. However, PBAT is expensive and its relatively slow biodegradation rate limits its wide application. In this paper, PBAT/thermoplastic starch (TPS) complexes were prepared by a two‐step process using epoxidized soybean oil (ESO) as a reactive compatibilizer. The compatibilizing ability of ESO was investigated by FT‐IR and GPC. Results showed ESO could form a chemical bonding interface with PBAT and TPS. Compared to PBAT/TPS, tensile strength, elongation at break and tear strength of PBAT/TPS/5%ESO composites increased by 84%, 53%, and 68%, respectively. The optical transparency of the PBAT/TPS/5%ESO film improved by 6% compared to the PABT/TPS film. This research offers a viable solution for the preparation of high performance, green PBAT/TPS complexes.
Investigating the characteristics of 11 kHz excitation of EFCAP and its selective effect on breast cancer cell death
Authors: Misra Vandana Chaturvedi , Pai Bellare Ganesh , Tiwari Nirupama , Patro Birija Sankar , Ghorui Srikumar 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRecently developed excitation frequency‐controlled cold atmospheric pressure plasma has shown its efficacy in producing tunable effects with different excitation frequencies in terms of reactive species generation and cancer cell death. This study investigates the electron number density of plasma produced at 11 kHz excitation from stark broadened Hα line, discharge characteristics through simultaneous recording of voltage‐current signals, and high‐speed images of the discharge zone. Malignant breast cancer cells (MCF‐7) and nonmalignant breast cells (MCF‐10A) were used in selectivity experiments. Proliferation and clonogenic assays revealed selective death of cancer cells. DNA damage and DNA repair kinetics were studied using time‐dependent γ‐H2AX foci formation assessment and the selective killing of cancerous cells was established for the 60 s of plasma treatment.
Adverse effects of knocking down chitin synthase A on female reproduction in Culex pipiens pallens (Diptera: Culicidae)
Authors: Wang Huan , Yang Xiaoshan , Liu Jin , Xu Jingwei , Zhang Ruimin , Zheng Junnan , Shen Bo , Sun Yan , Zhou Dan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundCurrent mosquito‐borne disease vector control strategies, largely based on chemical insecticides, are seriously threatened by increasing resistance worldwide. There is also growing concerned about the adverse effects of insecticides on nontarget organisms and the environment, therefore effective and ecologically friendly alternative approaches are urgently needed. Targeting critical steps of reproduction is considered a potential way to control mosquito populations. Herein, we focused on the roles of chitin synthase A (encoded by chsa) in the reproduction of female mosquitoes.ResultsThe injection of small interfering RNA targeting Cpchsa in female Culex pipiens pallens (Diptera: Culicidae) had antireproductive effects, including decreased follicle numbers, egg‐laying, and hatching rate. Scanning electron microscopy observations showed that Cpchsa silencing caused a defective egg envelope, including absence of the vitelline membrane and cracked chorion layers, which resulted in abnormal permeability. Widely distributed nurse cell apoptosis and follicular epithelial cell autophagy were observed in Cpchsa‐silenced ovaries during the vitellogenesis phase. Consistent with the detective egg envelope formation during oogenesis, the exochorionic eggshell structures were also affected in eggs deposited by Cpchsa‐silenced mosquitoes.ConclusionThis study provided fundamental evidence for the role of chitin synthase A in the female reproductive process of mosquitoes and might result in a novel alternative strategy for mosquito control. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Anthracofibrosis mimicking chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Van Genechten Silke , Meyns Bart , Godinas Laurent , Maleux Geert , Everaerts Stephanie , Van Beersel Dieter , Belge Catharina , Weynand Birgit , Delcroix Marion , Verbelen Tom 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe present the case of a 78‐year‐old female undergoing pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA) because of suspected chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). During surgery firm black masses were encountered in the aortopulmonary window and on the cranial part of the right pulmonary artery (PA). After PA arteriotomy we visualized intraluminal black firm stenosing plaques at the orifices of the three right and of the left lingular and lower lobar branches. Since no dissection plane could be obtained the procedure was discontinued. Subsequent bronchoscopy visualized a submucosal dark black‐blue discoloration in both main bronchi. Pathological analysis revealed anthracofibrosis, which could be explained by biomass smoke exposure in the past. We are the first to provide intravascular pictures and pathologic images of this very rare entity. Moreover, we report stenoses at the orifices of the three right‐sided lobar and of the left‐sided lingular and lower lobe arteries, in contrast to three previous reports that report on single locations caused by extrinsic PA compression from lymphadenopathy. Our case, however, suggests extension of fibrosis with anthracotic pigment into the PA wall. We conclude that in the absence of a clear history of exposure to carbon smoke and with consequently no diagnostic bronchoscopy, anthracofibrosis of the lungs may mimic CTEPH not only by external compression but also by extension into pulmonary vascular structures. PEA‐surgery should not be attempted in these cases.
Colloidal Polymer‐Templated Formation of Inorganic Nanocrystals and their Emerging Applications
Authors: Chen Tianyou , Qiu Meishuang , Peng Yan , Yi Changfeng , Xu Zushun 
Published: July 2023

AbstractInorganic nanocrystals possess unique physicochemical properties compared to their bulk counterparts. Stabilizing agents are commonly used for the preparation of inorganic nanocrystals with controllable properties. Particularly, colloidal polymers have emerged as general and robust templates for in situ formation and confinement of inorganic nanocrystals. In addition to templating and stabilizing inorganic nanocrystals, colloidal polymers can tailor their physicochemical properties such as size, shape, structure, composition, surface chemistry, and so on. By incorporating functional groups into colloidal polymers, desired functions can be integrated with inorganic nanocrystals, advancing their potential applications. Here, recent advances in the colloidal polymer‐templated formation of inorganic nanocrystals are reviewed. Seven types of colloidal polymers, including dendrimer, polymer micelle, stare‐like block polymer, bottlebrush polymer, spherical polyelectrolyte brush, microgel, and single‐chain nanoparticle, have been extensively applied for the synthesis of inorganic nanocrystals. Different strategies for the development of these colloidal polymer‐templated inorganic nanocrystals are summarized. Then, their emerging applications in the fields of catalysis, biomedicine, solar cells, sensing, light‐emitting diodes, and lithium‐ion batteries are highlighted. Last, the remaining issues and future directions are discussed. This review will stimulate the development and application of colloidal polymer‐templated inorganic nanocrystals.
Caravaggio's copper
Authors: Twilley John 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSt. John the Baptist in the Wilderness, commissioned for the private chapel of Genoese banker. Ottavio Costa in 1602/3 and now in the collection of the Nelson‐Atkins Museum of Art (#52‐25), provides an important opportunity to understand Caravaggio's use of materials from one of his best‐preserved paintings. macro‐X‐ray fluorescence (MA‐XRF) elemental mapping has now been used to build upon a 2016 stratigraphic study of the palette employing optical and UV fluorescence microscopies, scanning electron microscopy‐energy dispersive X‐ray spectrometry (SEM‐EDS), Raman spectroscopy, and polarized light microscopy. The combined results of these methods clarify aspects of the iconography that have previously been obscure and expand our understanding of the roles of the various pigments. The roles for copper‐based pigments are surprisingly diverse for a painting with few obvious green and blue passages, in which many greens are based on terraverte. Darkening of the foliage adjacent to the figure of St. John has long posed interpretive difficulties, due to poor legibility of the plants depicted there. The foliage has been clarified by the results of MA‐XRF mapping, which distinguish the plant species by the palette choices involved in their depiction. Copper pigments play a fundamental role in Caravaggio's work, shading and modulating complementary colors with the additional practical benefit of playing a siccative role in paints that would otherwise dry poorly. MA‐XRF mapping has also revealed a role for copper pigment used to lay out the composition that was not apparent through radiography or infrared imaging methods.
The Evolving Landscape of Sovereign Wealth Funds in a Changing World Economy: How Resilient Are the Santiago Principles?
Authors: Barbary Victoria , Dixon Adam D. , Schena Patrick J. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe emergence of sovereign wealth funds in the early 2000s as a growing pool of large, globally focused state-owned investors quickly became a concern for politicians in the United States and in Europe who were fearful of possible financial and economic malfeasance by these institutions. Underlying these concerns were normative foundations that presumed liberal global capital markets to be the reserve primarily of private actors. The presence of state actors also raised questions about possible market distortion if capital allocation decisions are made on non-commercial (political) grounds. Such concerns led to the creation of 24 Generally Accepted Principles and Practices for sovereign wealth funds, commonly referred to as the Santiago Principles, as a means of increasing the transparency of sovereign wealth funds and ultimately legitimizing their presence in global capital markets. Since then, the transparency of sovereign wealth funds in aggregate has increased, and much of the fervent concerns about sovereign wealth funds as ‘barbarians at the gate’ have subsided. However, this does not mean that concerns from investment-receiving countries have disappeared. Sovereign wealth funds are still state capital, and scrutiny thereof in general has increased. At the same time, the number of sovereign wealth funds has increased, as have the number of funds focused on strategic investments. This article discusses the changing landscape of sovereign wealth funds and the challenges this poses for the Santiago Principles as the global governance regime for sovereign wealth funds.
$${\mathcal {A}}$$-Variational Principles
Authors: Bandeira Luís , Pedregal Pablo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThough the $${\mathcal {A}}$$
A
-quasiconvexity condition has been fully explored since its introduction, no explicit examples of associated variational principles have been considered except in the classical $${\text {curl}}$$
curl
-case. Our aim is to propose such a family of problems in the $${\text {div}}{-}{\text {curl}}$$

div
-
curl

-situation, and explore the corresponding $${\mathcal {A}}$$
A
-polyconvexity condition as the main structural assumption to ensure weak lower semicontinuity and existence results.
The written history of plant phenology: shaping primary sources for secondary publications
Authors: Holopainen Jari , Helama Samuli , Väre Henry 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Phenological research establishes the science of nature's natural calendar. This research, the monitoring and analysis of seasonal rhythms of plants and animals, is commonly based on citizen science data. Such data may be digitized from primary sources provided by the citizen scientist’s original phenological diaries. Secondary data sources are formed by historical publications (for example, yearbooks and climate bulletins). While primary data has the advantage of first-hand notetaking, its digitization may, in practice, be time-consuming. Contrastingly, secondary data can contain well-organized typesetting, making digitization less labour-intensive. However, secondary data can be reshaped by the motivations of the historical actors who were collating the data. This study compared data from 1876–1894 gathered originally by citizen scientists (primary data) and the secondary data founded upon the previous primary data, later published by the Finnish Society of Sciences and Letters as a series of phenological yearbooks. In the secondary data, the recorded numbers of taxa and their phenological stages appeared to be fewer and phenological events standardized, with an increased prevalence of agricultural phenology (at the cost of autumn phenology). Moreover, it seems the secondary data had been screened for potential outliers. While secondary sources may provide current phenologists with coherent sets of relevant data, future users must be aware of potential data reshaping resulting from the preferences of historical actors. These actors may weigh and limit the original observations according to their own criteria and preferences.
Antibacterial evaluation of electroless Ni–P coating with ZnO nanoparticles on 3D printed ABS
Authors: Restrepo Sebastián , Duque María P. , Bello Sindy , Tirado Laura M. , Echeverría Félix , Zuleta Alejandro A. , Castaño Juan G. , Correa Esteban 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAcrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) is one of the most widely used polymers in the manufacture of different parts in engineering applications. This polymer is sometimes subjected to metallizing processes that seek to modify the surface properties of the accessories. These processes often require the use of chromium and palladium. Some of the accessories in which ABS is used are subjected during their day-to-day use to environments in which they are prone to colonization of bacteria, generating multiple problems that affect both human health and the useful life of different equipment and devices. Recently, there have been great developments of nanoparticles with antibacterial properties, such as zinc oxides. However, these nanoparticles have not yet been incorporated and evaluated in metal coatings on ABS substrates with a view to conferring such properties on the polymer. This work implements the use of an electroless antibacterial Ni-P coating, modified with zinc oxide nanoparticles through processes free of chromium and palladium, on ABS substrates. The results showed that the addition of zinc oxide nanoparticles in quantities of 0.5 g/L and above in the electroless bath confer antibacterial characteristics on the surface for S. aureus under JIS Z 2801 standard. Through the methodology developed, the future development of 3D printed parts with metallized coating is possible, implementing processes chrome and palladium free, expanding the applications and uses of these.
Blood pressure changes during tenofovir-based antiretroviral therapy among people living with HIV in Lilongwe, Malawi: results from the prospective LighTen Cohort Study
Authors: Steffen Hans-Michael , Mahanani Melani Ratih , Neuhann Florian , Nhlema Angelina , Kasper Philipp , de Forest Andrew , Chaweza Thom , Tweya Hannock , Heller Tom , Chiwoko Jane , Winkler Volker , Phiri Sam 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background

Sub-Saharan Africa is one of the regions in the world with the highest numbers of uncontrolled hypertension as well as people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV). However, the association between hypertension and antiretroviral therapy is controversial.

Methods
Participant demographics, medical history, laboratory values, WHO clinical stage, current medication, and anthropometric data were recorded at study entry and during study visits at 1, 3, 6 months, and every 6 months thereafter until month 36. Patients who stopped or changed their antiretroviral therapy (tenofovir, lamivudine, efavirenz) were censored on that day. Office blood pressure (BP) was categorized using ≥ 2 measurements on ≥ 2 occasions during the first three visits. Factors associated with systolic and mean BP were analyzed using bivariable and multivariable multilevel linear regression.

Results

1,288 PLHIV (751 females, 58.3%) could be included and 832 completed the 36 months of observation. Weight gain and a higher BP level at study entry were associated with an increase in BP (p < 0.001), while female sex (p < 0.001), lower body weight at study entry (p < 0.001), and high glomerular filtration rate (p = 0.009) protected against a rise in BP. The rate of uncontrolled BP remained high (73.9% vs. 72.1%) and despite indication treatment, adjustments were realized in a minority of cases (13%).

Conclusion
Adherence to antihypertensive treatment and weight control should be addressed in patient education programs at centers caring for PLHIV in low-resources settings like Malawi. Together with intensified training of medical staff to overcome provider inertia, improved control rates of hypertension might eventually be achieved.

Trial registration
NCT02381275.

Graphical abstract
Acoustical behavior of periodic flank modifications under dynamic operating conditions
Authors: Sepp Sebastian , Wenig Alois , Otto Michael , Stahl Karsten 
Published: July 2023

AbstractNoise emissions belong to the crucial design characteristics in modern transmissions. The most efficient way to achieve beneficial noise behavior is to reduce the excitation in the tooth contact, since the tooth contact represents the main source of noise in gearboxes. Special flank modifications may optimize the noise behavior, but the common design approach uses static assumptions, whereas operating conditions include dynamic operation.The application of periodic flank modifications as a special type of flank form provides a possibility to avoid the typical compromise between the flank design objectives load carrying capacity and low excitation behavior which results from the exclusive usage of standard modifications such as crownings or tip- and root relieves. The principle of periodic modifications is based on the direct compensation of the inconstant part of the elastic deformations in the tooth mesh. For this reason, the static loaded transmission error (LTE) is typically used as specific value to evaluate the effect of these flank forms on the excitation. In theoretical and experimental studies, the effectiveness of periodic modifications to optimize the excitation behavior could be verified. However, the analysis of these modifications under dynamic operating conditions is still scarcely documented. In this paper, the mesh excitation of periodic and standard modifications under various dynamic operating conditions in the subcritical, resonance and supercritical operating range is simulated and compared to each other. In addition, experimental investigations at the dynamic test rig of the Gear Research Center (FZG) were performed. Due to the measurement of the torsional acceleration level during continuous speed runups, the simulated results can be validated by experimental data.