bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validation of the Arabic version of the 35-item TEMPS-M in a community sample of adults
Authors: Fekih-Romdhane Feten , Yakın Ecem , Bitar Zeinab , Malaeb Diana , Sawma Toni , Obeid Sahar , Hallit Souheil 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
To our knowledge, no brief version of the Temperament Evaluation in Memphis Pisa and San Diego (TEMPS-M) is available so far in the Arabic language, which might have resulted in limited research in this field from Arab countries. We aimed through this study to validate the 35-item TEMPS-M into the Arabic language in a sample of non-clinical Lebanese adults.

Methods
We used an online cross-sectional survey targeting non-clinical Lebanese adults from the general population. A confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to test the factorial structure of the TEMPS-M.

Results
All five temperament subscales achieved good/very good internal consistencies in the present study (depressive: α = 0.78, cyclothymic: α = 0.86, hyperthymic: α = 0.83, irritable: α = 0.87, and anxious: α = 0.87). The five-factor solution of the TEMPS-M displayed a good CFI of 0.94, TLI of .94 and a GFI of .95, but a poor RMSEA of .10 [90% CI .10, .11]. The five affective temperaments showed positive correlations with personality dysfunction domains, thus attesting for convergent validity. In addition, positive correlations between all affective temperament dimensions and anxiety/depression scores were found. We also tested for gender invariance, and found that configural, metric, and scalar invariance were supported across gender.

Conclusion
Our data suggest that the psychometric properties of the Arabic TEMPS-M are good. Making this scale available in Arabic will hopefully encourage Arab researchers to investigate this under-explored topic in their countries, and advance knowledge on how culture impacts the prevalence, development and course of temperament.
Forex market forecasting using machine learning: Systematic Literature Review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ayitey Junior Michael , Appiahene Peter , Appiah Obed , Bombie Christopher Ninfaakang 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
When you make a forex transaction, you sell one currency and buy another. If the currency you buy increases against the currency you sell, you profit, and you do this through a broker as a retail trader on the internet using a platform known as meta trader. Only 2% of retail traders can successfully predict currency movement in the forex market, making it one of the most challenging tasks. Machine learning and its derivatives or hybrid models are becoming increasingly popular in market forecasting, which is a rapidly developing field.

Objective
While the research community has looked into the methodologies used by researchers to forecast the forex market, there is still a need to look into how machine learning and artificial intelligence approaches have been used to predict the forex market and whether there are any areas that can be improved to allow for better predictions. Our objective is to give an overview of machine learning models and their application in the FX market.

Method
This study provides a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) of machine learning algorithms for FX market forecasting. Our research looks at publications that were published between 2010 and 2021. A total of 60 papers are taken into consideration. We looked at them from two angles: I the design of the evaluation techniques, and (ii) a meta-analysis of the performance of machine learning models utilizing evaluation metrics thus far.

Results
The results of the analysis suggest that the most commonly utilized assessment metrics are MAE, RMSE, MAPE, and MSE, with EURUSD being the most traded pair on the planet. LSTM and Artificial Neural Network are the most commonly used machine learning algorithms for FX market prediction. The findings also point to many unresolved concerns and difficulties that the scientific community should address in the future.

Conclusion
Based on our findings, we believe that machine learning approaches in the area of currency prediction still have room for development. Researchers interested in creating more advanced strategies might use the open concerns raised in this work as input.
Smoothing target encoding and class center-based firefly algorithm for handling missing values in categorical variable
Authors: Nugroho Heru , Utama Nugraha Priya , Surendro Kridanto 
Published: January 2023

AbstractOne of the most common causes of incompleteness is missing data, which occurs when no data value for the variables in observation is stored. An adaptive approach model outperforming other numerical methods in the classification problem was developed using the class center-based Firefly algorithm by incorporating attribute correlations into the imputation process (C3FA). However, this model has not been tested on categorical data, which is essential in the preprocessing stage. Encoding is used to convert text or Boolean values in categorical data into numeric parameters, and the target encoding method is often utilized. This method uses target variable information to encode categorical data and it carries the risk of overfitting and inaccuracy within the infrequent categories. This study aims to use the smoothing target encoding (STE) method to perform the imputation process by combining C3FA and standard deviation (STD) and compare by several imputation methods. The results on the tic tac toe dataset showed that the proposed method (C3FA-STD) produced AUC, CA, F1-Score, precision, and recall values of 0.939, 0.882, 0.881, 0.881, and 0.882, respectively, based on the evaluation using the kNN classifier.
What shapes implementation of a school-based makerspace? Teachers as multilevel actors in STEM reforms
Authors: Gravel Brian E. , Puckett Cassidy 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
We investigate the factors that shape teachers’ implementation of a school STEM reform—the creation of a high-school makerspace. Educational reformers have increasing interest in making and makerspaces in schools. Prior research shows how factors shape reform at the classroom, school (organizational), and institutional levels, as well as across levels. However, most research on teachers tends to focus on classroom-level effects, which may not capture the full complexity of how they navigate multilevel reforms. We consider teachers’ decision-making from an ecological perspective to investigate what shapes their implementation efforts, using observational and interview data collected over 2 years in a large comprehensive high school.

Results
We find teachers’ efforts are shaped by four “distances”—or spaces teachers traversed, physically and conceptually—related to skillsets and distributed expertise, physical space, disciplinary learning, and structural factors. The distances operate as a constellation of factors—independently identifiable, co-operatively manifesting—to shape implementation. We position teacher deliberations and decision-making as portals into the forms of organizational and institutional supports offered in multilevel reforms.

Conclusions
The paper contributes insights into makerspace implementation in schools, adding to the emerging literature on how making can transform STEM learning experiences for students. We conclude that teachers’ decision-making around multilevel implementations can inform our understanding of how makerspaces are implemented and their impact on students’ experiences, as well as how seeing teachers as multilevel actors can offer new insights into reform dynamics writ large. We offer implications for makerspaces in schools, as well as methodological and theoretical considerations for how organizations and institutions can better support teachers as agents of STEM reform.
Comparisons of in situ ionospheric density using ion velocity meters onboard FORMOSAT-7/COSMIC-2 and ICON missions
Authors: Choi Jong-Min , Lin Charles Chien-Hung , Panthalingal Krishanunni Rajesh , Park Jaeheung , Kwak Young-Sil , Chen Shih-Ping , Lin Jia-Ting , Chang Min-Ti 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe report the preliminary inter-satellite comparisons of the in situ ion density measurements by the ion velocity meter (IVM) onboard FORMOSAT-7/COSMIC-2 (F7/C2) and Ionospheric Connection Explorer (ICON) missions, during the solar minimum period of December 2019 to November 2020. The initial comparisons reveal identical diurnal, seasonal, and latitude/longitude variations in the two ion-density measurements, with F7/C2 consistently yielding stronger values than ICON, which could partly result from the difference in their orbit altitudes. The diurnal variation in the equatorial region did not show any effect of pre-reversal enhancement (PRE) during 2019–2020. The daytime plasma distributions show larger ion densities over a narrow latitudinal belt around the geomagnetic equator in all seasons, and the low-latitude densities reveal signatures of hemispherical asymmetry, with larger values occurring in the summer hemisphere. The observations also reveal distinct wavenumber-4 longitudinal modulation, which is most prominent in equinox and becomes less distinguishable during December solstice months. The simultaneous observations from F7/C2 IVM and ICON IVM also provide opportunities to study the spatial configuration and time evolution of ionospheric irregularities in the equatorial and low latitude regions. The F7/C2 and ICON simultaneously observed the equatorial plasma bubbles (EPBs) occurring around Taiwan on 18 October 2020, and the observations are consistent with each other. The EPBs were also observed by an all-sky imager located in Taiwan, comparing the satellite observations.
Graphical Abstract
Eight-year catalog of deep short-term slow slip events at the Nankai trough based on objective detection algorithm using strain and tilt records
Authors: Yabe Suguru , Ochi Tadafumi , Matsumoto Norio , Itaba Satoshi , Kitagawa Yuichi , Matsuzawa Takanori 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn subduction zones, slip deficit monitoring along the plate interface is important for understanding the seismogenesis of megathrust earthquakes. In the last two decades, aseismic slip transients, such as slow slip events (SSEs), which are usually synchronized with tectonic tremors, have been detected in subduction zones worldwide. Frequent SSEs are particularly important for releasing slip deficits during the inter-seismic periods of megathrust earthquakes. In southwest Japan, deep short-term SSEs have been primarily monitored with strain and tilt records because the SSEs in this region are small. However, strain and tilt records are so sensitive that they record not only SSEs, but also rainfall and local groundwater movements, which temporally affect the quality of data making it difficult to apply an automated detection algorithm. Therefore, previously reported short-term SSE catalogs, based on strain and tilt records, were created by visual inspections, although they are not suitable for generating a long-term catalog. In this study, a quantitative detection algorithm was developed to detect short-term SSEs using strain and tilt records. The problem of temporally varying data quality was solved by introducing the prior probability of log-normal distributions in the fitting variance. This method was applied to an 8-year (2013–2020) dataset of strains and tilts from southwest Japan. A total of 96 events were detected, among which, 78 corresponded with SSEs previously reported by the Geological Survey of Japan (GSJ). Although the GSJ catalog contained more events with smaller magnitudes, such events were difficult to distinguish from noise using the developed method. Three of the remaining 18 events were considered SSEs that were not reported in the GSJ catalog. Others could be artifacts because there were no obvious signals in the global navigation satellite system records (with events of magnitude > 6.0). Previous studies have suggested the existence of aseismic transients deeper or shallower than regular short-term SSEs in southwest Japan. However, detection results from this study did not confirm such events.
Graphical Abstract
Seismic reflection imaging of deep crustal structures using local earthquakes in the Kanto region, Japan
Authors: Shiraishi Kazuya , Watanabe Toshiki 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe applied a novel method of passive seismic reflection imaging to actual local earthquake data collected by a dense seismic network in the Kanto region, Japan. This method, which implements reverse time migration (RTM), is based on the cross-correlation of wavefields that are extrapolated forward and backward in time from receiver locations using passively observed seismic records. Using multiple reflections between the Earth’s surface and subsurface boundaries, internal structures are imaged using many earthquakes without well-defined source information. The objective of this case study is to evaluate the possibility of acquiring seismic reflection images of the deep crustal structure by applying the RTM-based method using P-wave reflections in the earthquake data collected by a dense seismic network. The P-wave reflection profile along a 191-km-long pseudo-survey line down to a 100 km depth is obtained using the seismic records of hundreds of local earthquakes observed at 72 receiver stations. A P-wave velocity model for RTM imaging is extracted from an existing 3D model obtained by seismic tomography in a previous study. The resulting image shows several continuous reflectors at depths of 15–70 km. These reflectors correspond to the spatially variable velocity and suggest deep structures related to dual plate subduction in this region. Two eastward-dipping reflectors imaged at depths of 15–50 km are likely the top and bottom surfaces of the crust of the Philippine Sea slab, and the westward-dipping reflector at depths of 50–70 km implies the top surface of the Pacific slab. The en-échelon reflectors at depths of 15–20 km may be reflective boundaries between the upper and lower crust in the overlying Okhotsk plate. Our case study results confirm the possibility of obtaining profiles at higher resolutions than are typically obtained by earthquake-based seismic tomography and of imaging at depths beyond the limits of artificially controlled-source seismic surveys. Further implementation of the RTM-based imaging method will improve its potential use for subsurface imaging and monitoring from dense passive seismic data.
Graphical Abstract
A complex ePrescribing-based Anti-Microbial Stewardship (ePAMS+) intervention for hospitals combining technological and behavioural components: protocol for a feasibility trial
Authors: Weir Christopher J. , Adamestam Imad , Sharp Rona , Ennis Holly , Heed Andrew , Williams Robin , Cresswell Kathrin , Dogar Omara , Pontefract Sarah , Coleman Jamie , Lilford Richard , Watson Neil , Slee Ann , Chuter Antony , Beggs Jillian , Slight Sarah , Mason James , Yardley Lucy , Sheikh Aziz 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Antimicrobial resistance is a leading global public health threat, with inappropriate use of antimicrobials in healthcare contributing to its development. Given this urgent need, we developed a complex ePrescribing-based Anti-Microbial Stewardship intervention (ePAMS+).

Methods
ePAMS+ includes educational and organisational behavioural elements, plus guideline-based clinical decision support to aid optimal antimicrobial use in hospital inpatients. ePAMS+ particularly focuses on prompt initiation of antimicrobials, followed by early review once test results are available to facilitate informed decision-making on stopping or switching where appropriate. A mixed-methods feasibility trial of ePAMS+ will take place in two NHS acute hospital care organisations. Qualitative staff interviews and observation of practice will respectively gather staff views on the technical component of ePAMS+ and information on their use of ePAMS+ in routine work. Focus groups will elicit staff and patient views on ePAMS+; one-to-one interviews will discuss antimicrobial stewardship with staff and will record patient experiences of receiving antibiotics and their thoughts on inappropriate prescribing. Qualitative data will be analysed thematically. Fidelity Index development will enable enactment of ePAMS+ to be measured objectively in a subsequent trial assessing the effectiveness of ePAMS+. Quantitative data collection will determine the feasibility of extracting data and deriving key summaries of antimicrobial prescribing; we will quantify variability in the primary outcome, number of antibiotic defined daily doses, to inform the future larger-scale trial design.

Discussion
This trial is essential to determine the feasibility of implementing the ePAMS+ intervention and measuring relevant outcomes, prior to evaluating its clinical and cost-effectiveness in a full scale hybrid cluster-randomised stepped-wedge clinical trial. Findings will be shared with study sites and with qualitative research participants and will be published in peer-reviewed journals and presented at academic conferences.

Trial registration
The qualitative and Fidelity Index research were approved by the Health and Research Authority and the North of Scotland Research Ethics Service (ref: 19/NS/0174). The feasibility trial and quantitative analysis (protocol v1.0, 15 December 2021) were approved by the London South East Research Ethics Committee (ref: 22/LO/0204) and registered with ISRCTN (ISRCTN 13429325) on 24 March 2022
Applications of CRISPR/Cas genome editing in economically important fruit crops: recent advances and future directions
Authors: Ma Zhimin , Ma Lijing , Zhou Junhui 
Published: January 2023

AbstractFruit crops, consist of climacteric and non-climacteric fruits, are the major sources of nutrients and fiber for human diet. Since 2013, CRISPR/Cas (Clustered Regularly Interspersed Short Palindromic Repeats and CRISPR-Associated Protein) genome editing system has been widely employed in different plants, leading to unprecedented progress in the genetic improvement of many agronomically important fruit crops. Here, we summarize latest advancements in CRISPR/Cas genome editing of fruit crops, including efforts to decipher the mechanisms behind plant development and plant immunity, We also highlight the potential challenges and improvements in the application of genome editing tools to fruit crops, including optimizing the expression of CRISPR/Cas cassette, improving the delivery efficiency of CRISPR/Cas reagents, increasing the specificity of genome editing, and optimizing the transformation and regeneration system. In addition, we propose the perspectives on the application of genome editing in crop breeding especially in fruit crops and highlight the potential challenges. It is worth noting that efforts to manipulate fruit crops with genome editing systems are urgently needed for fruit crops breeding and demonstration.
Graphical Abstract
Severe osteoarthritis at unexpected age
Authors: Pekkolay Zafer , Ceylan Yusuf 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Acromegaly is a rare chronic endocrine disease caused by a growth hormone (GH) – producing adenoma, resulting in elevated GH and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) concentrations. GH and IGF-1 are essential for normal growth, differentiation, and repair of cartilage and bone; however, excess GH and IGF-1, which are characteristic of acromegaly, lead to an arthropathy that resembles osteoarthritis. Patients with acromegaly, whether it's surgically treated or biochemically controlled, still have a high risk of developing arthropathy.

Clinical Case
A 49-year-old woman presents to the university hospital for a visit with a complaint of knee pain. Her medical history reveals that she received an acromegaly diagnosis in 2010 and had been treated with surgery. However, she was not remission after the surgery; the patient's IGF-1 level was 686 ng/ml (Normal range: 109–284) when she presented. Her medical history reveals that she has been taking analgesics for the last four years. She has received octreotide (once-monthly 10 mg) and cabergoline (once-weekly 1 mg). The last laboratory results showed that her IGF-1 level had decreased dramatically; to 125 ng/ml. Based on the complaint of knee pain, imaging studies, including an X-ray, showed severe osteoarthritis.

Conclusion
Acromegalic arthropathy is one of acromegaly's most critical functional disabilities. In our case, radiographic imaging studies at joint sites show severe osteoarthritis. Considering the patient's medical history, the cause of knee pain is osteoarthritis, which is also caused by acromegaly. We should also be aware that; long-term biochemical control of acromegaly may not prevent the progression of acromegalic arthropathy in many patients. The prevalence of clinical and radiological acromegalic osteoarthritis of the hip, hand and knee reaches even up to 80%.
Ectopic parathyroid adenoma with severe osteoporosis in premenopausal woman
Authors: Ahmadova Konul 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is defined as unsuppressed secretion of parathyroid hormone leading to a dysregulated bone and mineral metabolism and ultimately causing hypercalcemia. The main reasons for its development are parathyroid adenomas (PAs) with an estimated prevalence of 1–4/1.000 in the general population, predominant in postmenopausal women. Ectopic location of the parathyroid glad occurs in 6–16%.1 The most common location of ectopia is thymus, the next retroesophageal region and thyroid gland. We present a case of ectopic thymic parathyroid adenoma with severe clinical manifestations.

Clinical Case
A 43 years old woman patient applied to the clinic with complaint of bone pain, especially at the waist and hip. She had also difficulty in walking. Her laboratory tests were as follows; Ca: 9.65 mg/dl, albumin:45 g/dl, corrected Ca:9.25 mg/dl, phosphorus: 0.55 mmol/l (0.81–1.45), thyroid stimulating hormone (Tsh) 5.8 miu/l,Alp: 369 u/l, Pth: 442 pg/ml, vitamin D: 13 ng/mL, Mg:0.84 mmol/l. In radiologic findings; Hip and knee MRI revealed T1 hypointense, STIR and T2 hyperintense cystic lesion on the iliac wing of the left sacroiliac joint 36×13 mm in size, intraosseous cystic lesion on the right knee cap 16×26×27 mm in size. And cystic lesion was observed in the diaphysis region of the upper 1/3 of the right tibia 8×7×22 mm in size. The patient was found to be osteoporotic on dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scanning (Z score =−6.3 at the lumbar spine; Z score =-6.4 at the femur neck and Z score =-5.8 at the total femur). Neck ultrasound revealed an incidental thyroid nodule but no lesion suggestive of parathyroid adenoma was observed in ultrasonography. Vitamin D replacement therapy was started. After 4 weeks, laboratory tests were as follows; vitamin D:21 ng/ml, Pth:364 pg/ml, Ca: 10.65 mg/dl, albumin: 3.8 g/dl corrected Ca: 10.81, phosphorus: 0.73 mmol/l Alp:392 u/l, renal function tests were in the normal range. And 24-hour urinary calcium was 652 mg/day, fractional excretion of calcium (FeCa): 0.023. 24-hour urinary phosphorus: 29 mmol/day (normal). The patient was started on bisphosphonate therapy. Parathyroid sintigraphy was taken for localization purposes in the patient with hyperparathyroidism. In the early and late imaging of the anterior mediastinum, MIBI collection was detected behind the manubrium sterni with a size of 15×10 mm consistent with a parathyroid adenoma. The patient was consulted with thoracic surgery and the operation was performed. In the post-examination assays, Ca: 8.64 albumin: 3.8 g/dl corrected Ca: 8.75 mg/dl phosphorus: 2.54 mg/dl Pth: 41 pg/ml. Pathology resulted as ectopic thymic parathyroid adenoma.

Conclusion
Although ectopic parathyroid adenoma is not common in premenopausal women, it should be considered as a cause of severe osteoporosis.