bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationships between gene expression and behavior in mice in response to systemic modulation of the O‐GlcNAcylation pathway
Authors: Bell Margaret B. , Ouyang Xiaosen , Shelton Abigail K. , Huynh Nha V. , Mueller Toni , Chacko Balu K. , Jegga Anil G. , Chatham John C. , Miller C. Ryan , Darley‐Usmar Victor , Zhang Jianhua 
Published: May 2023

AbstractEnhancing protein O‐GlcNAcylation by pharmacological inhibition of the enzyme O‐GlcNAcase (OGA), which removes the O‐GlcNAc modification from proteins, has been explored in mouse models of amyloid‐beta and tau pathology. However, the O‐GlcNAcylation‐dependent link between gene expression and neurological behavior remains to be explored. Using chronic administration of Thiamet G (TG, an OGA inhibitor) in vivo, we used a protocol designed to relate behavior with the transcriptome and selected biochemical parameters from the cortex of individual animals. TG‐treated mice showed improved working memory as measured using a Y‐maze test. RNA sequencing analysis revealed 151 top differentially expressed genes with a Log2fold change >0.33 and adjusted p‐value <0.05. Top TG‐dependent upregulated genes were related to learning, cognition and behavior, while top downregulated genes were related to IL‐17 signaling, inflammatory response and chemotaxis. Additional pathway analysis uncovered 3 pathways, involving gene expression including 14 cytochrome c oxidase subunits/regulatory components, chaperones or assembly factors, and 5 mTOR (mechanistic target of rapamycin) signaling factors. Multivariate Kendall correlation analyses of behavioral tests and the top TG‐dependent differentially expressed genes revealed 91 statistically significant correlations in saline‐treated mice and 70 statistically significant correlations in TG‐treated mice. These analyses provide a network regulation landscape that is important in relating the transcriptome to behavior and the potential impact of the O‐GlcNAC pathway.image
Constitutive and conditional deletion reveals distinct phenotypes driven by developmental versus neurotransmitter actions of the neuropeptide PACAP
Authors: Bakalar Dana , Gavrilova Oksana , Jiang Sunny Z. , Zhang Hai‐ying , Roy Snehashis , Williams Sarah K. , Liu Naili , Wisser Stephen , Usdin Ted B. , Eiden Lee E. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractNeuropeptides may exert trophic effects during development, and then neurotransmitter roles in the developed nervous system. One way to associate peptide‐deficiency phenotypes with either role is first to assess potential phenotypes in so‐called constitutive knockout mice, and then proceed to specify, regionally and temporally, where and when neuropeptide expression is required to prevent these phenotypes. We have previously demonstrated that the well‐known constellation of behavioral and metabolic phenotypes associated with constitutive pituitary adenylate cyclase‐activating peptide (PACAP) knockout mice are accompanied by transcriptomic alterations of two types: those that distinguish the PACAP‐null phenotype from wild‐type (WT) in otherwise quiescent mice (cPRGs), and gene induction that occurs in response to acute environmental perturbation in WT mice that do not occur in knockout mice (aPRGs). Comparing constitutive PACAP knockout mice to a variety of temporally and regionally specific PACAP knockouts, we show that the prominent hyperlocomotor phenotype is a consequence of early loss of PACAP expression, is associated with Fos overexpression in hippocampus and basal ganglia, and that a thermoregulatory effect previously shown to be mediated by PACAP‐expressing neurons of medial preoptic hypothalamus is independent of PACAP expression in those neurons in adult mice. In contrast, PACAP dependence of weight loss/hypophagia triggered by restraint stress, seen in constitutive PACAP knockout mice, is phenocopied in mice in which PACAP is deleted after neuronal differentiation. Our results imply that PACAP has a prominent role as a trophic factor early in development determining global central nervous system characteristics, and in addition a second, discrete set of functions as a neurotransmitter in the fully developed nervous system that support physiological and psychological responses to stress.
A novel cosmetic approach for partial matricectomy in treating ingrown toenails
Authors: Wang Yifan , Zhang Ning , Li Xiaolu , Li Xiaohan , Chen Cong , Zhang Jiadong , Hu Yong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundToenails play a great part in protecting toes and peripheral soft tissues, simultaneously playing a cosmetic role. The ideal treatment should result in a functional and aesthetic outcome.ObjectiveTo describe a novel, aesthetic and minimally invasive method to treat ingrown toenail.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 436 lesions of 395 ingrown toes in 353 patients with a mean age of 26.0 ± 13.4 (range 10–55) from June 2014 to March 2020 in our department. A novel cosmetic approach for partial matricectomy in treating ingrown toenails was undergone. The average follow‐up time was 27.5 ± 2.8 months. The average period prior to work resumption, recurrence rate, and infection rate were measured. Mean pain Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Mean satisfaction VAS were used to evaluate the foot appearance.ResultsThe average period prior work resumption was 2.2 ± 2.1 days (range, 0–7 days). The recurrence rate was 1.6% (7 lesions in 6 patients) at more than 2 years of follow‐up. There was no critical complication except infection (0.46%). Mean pain VAS reduced from a preoperative score of 7.7 ± 1.5 points (range, 6–10 points) to a postoperative 3‐day score of 2.2 ± 1.0 points (range, 1–4 points; p < 0.001) while Mean satisfaction VAS improved from 1.5 ± 1.3 points (range, 0–3 points) to 9.2 ± 0.6 points (range, 8–10 points; p < 0.001).ConclusionOur proposed approach is minimally invasive relative to conventional methods, which can achieve comparable efficacy to treat ingrown toenails with granulation tissue. Therefore, it can serve as another option to treat this specific type of ingrown toenails.
Patient satisfaction of microfocused ultrasound treatments on the face and neck laxity: A narrative review
Authors: Al‐Omair Abdullah , Bukhari Abrar 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundMicrofocused ultrasound with visualization (MFU‐V) delivers focused ultrasound energy to heat tissue and has emerged as a fast and effective noninvasive method for treating skin laxity. After obtaining approval in 2009 by the Food and Drug Administration, satisfactory feedback was recorded using several scoring systems for MFU‐V treatment for facial and neck laxity.AimTo evaluate the efficacy and satisfaction rates of MFU‐V for facial and neck laxity treatment by providing a basis for developing a validated scoring system for MFU‐V treatment.MethodA constrictive survey was carried out by selecting relevant publications on MFU‐V treatment of facial and neck laxity using PubMed, Medline, and Embase electronic databases from January 2017 to March 2022.ResultsOf the 11 original articles used in this review, the majority of the scoring methods used were the subjective global aesthetic improvement scale and the 5‐point scale rating global aesthetic improvement in appearance. Around half of the patients were described as much improved or very much improved on days 30 and 90, while most returned to baseline on Day 360. Most of the adverse events reported were mild bruising, redness, and pain. None of the patients reported serious adverse events. A burn occurred in one case because of improper application of the probe.ConclusionThe MFU‐V provides excellent and promising responses for treating facial and neck laxity. A few mild events were observed, such as erythema, pain, edema, and injection‐site induration, all of which resolved within approximately 2–3 days.
An experimental study of the vascular embolism caused by recombinant type III collagen implants and hyaluronic acid
Authors: Sun Yimou , Nie Fangfei , Wang Guanhuier , Li Qin , Xie Hongbin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundThere are significant differences in the reported incidence of vascular complications that result from the injection of different soft tissue fillers. This study aimed to compare the risk of vascular embolism after recombinant type III collagen implants and hyaluronic acid (HA) injection into arteries.MethodsDifferent concentrations of recombinant type III collagen and Restylane were injected into the central ear artery of rabbits, to construct an immediate embolization model. We screened for vascular recanalization and tissue necrosis at 30 min, 1 day, and 7 days after injection, and histopathology examination was processed on Day 7.ResultsAt 30 min after injection, complete recanalization of the central ear artery was observed in 17 rabbits in the C1 group while none in the HA group. On Day 1 after injection, complete recanalization of the CEA main trunk was observed in all rabbits in the collagen group while 50% in the HA group. There was a significant difference between the C1 group and the HA group in terms of vascular recanalization and skin necrosis.ConclusionUnder the present experimental conditions, the risk of causing vascular embolism was much lower with collagen than with Restylane. Different doses of collagen at different injection rates have the same safety profile.
Efficacy of metformin vs. doxycycline in treating acne vulgaris: An assessor‐blinded, add‐on, randomized, controlled clinical trial
Authors: Sadati Maryam Sadat , Yazdanpanah Nazafarin , Shahriarirad Reza , Javaheri Rojan , Parvizi Mohammad Mahdi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIntroductionInsulin‐like growth factor 1 (IGF‐1) plays a role in the pathogenesis of acne vulgaris. Metformin can reduce IGF‐1 levels and insulin resistance, so it may be useful in treating acne.ObjectiveThis study compared the efficacy of metformin and doxycycline in treating patients with acne vulgaris.MethodsIn this assessor‐blind, add‐on, randomized controlled clinical trial, we enrolled 40 patients with moderate acne vulgaris aged 15–40 and randomly divided them into two groups. For two months, the first group received doxycycline 100 mg capsules daily, and the second received metformin 500 mg tablets twice daily. The patients in both groups were adminitered to apply a fingertip (fourth finger) of 5% benzoyl peroxide gel (Pangel®) topically every night over the lesions, and to wash it off after 30 min. Patients were evaluated using the Global Acne Grading System (GAGS) score, Investigator Global Assessment for Acne (IGA) score, Cardiff Acne Disability Index (CADI), Total Acne Lesion Count (TLC), and the number of inflammatory and noninflammatory lesions.ResultsBy the end of the study, the GAGS, IGA, CADI, and TLC scores and the number of inflammatory and noninflammatory lesions decreased significantly in both groups (p < 0.001), with no significant difference between the two groups (p > 0.05).ConclusionThis trial indicates equal efficacy of doxycycline and metformin in reducing acne vulgaris severity, with doxycycline performing better in reducing lesions of the inflammatory type. Confirmatory or equivalence clinical trials should be performed to confirm our results.
Activities and social contact as antecedents to sleep onset time in U.S. adolescents
Authors: Jones Blake L. , Wikle Jocelyn S. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis study evaluated adolescents' evening patterns in activities, social contact, and location to better understand antecedents to adolescents' sleep onset time (SOT). The SOT is important for sleep duration and related health outcomes. Using a nationally representative sample of 15‐ to 18‐year‐old adolescents from the American Time Use Survey (N = 10,341; 47% female; 57% white), structural equation modeling demonstrated that late SOTs mediated links between evening activities, social contact, locations, and shorter sleep durations. Passive leisure, time in public locations, and time with friends late in the evenings were associated with later SOTs, whereas homework and active leisure did not. Parents and practitioners can use this information to carefully evaluate evening activities, social contact, and location to support healthy SOTs for adolescents across time.
Evaluation of polysomnography findings in children with genetic skeletal disorders
Authors: Nayır Büyükşahin Halime , Emiralioglu Nagehan , Simşek Kiper Pelin Özlem , Sunman Birce , Güzelkaş Ismail , Alboğa Didem , Akgül Erdal Meltem , Boduroglu Koray , Utine Gülen Eda , Yalcın Ebru , Doğru Deniz , Kiper Nural , Ozcelik Ugur 
Published: May 2023

SummaryChildren with genetic skeletal disorders have variable conditions that can lead to sleep‐disordered breathing, and polysomnography is the gold standard for diagnosing this condition. We aimed to review polysomnography findings, to assess the severity of sleep apnea, and to investigate the clinical variables predictive of sleep‐disordered breathing in these patients. We retrospectively collected the medical records of patients with genetic skeletal disorders who underwent polysomnography for 5 years. Twenty‐seven children with various genetic skeletal disorders, including achondroplasia (14), Crouzon syndrome (3), acromesomelic dysplasia Maroteaux type (3), Apert syndrome (2), osteopetrosis (1), Jeune dysplasia (1), Desbuquois dysplasia (1), acrodysostosis (1), and spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia (1) were enrolled. The median age at the first polysomnography was 58 (1st–3rd quartile: 31–113) months. The overall sleep‐disordered breathing results were: 19 (70.3%) had obstructive sleep apneas (OSA) (4 mild, 6 moderate, 9 severe), 2 (7.4%) had central apneas, 4 (14.8%) had nocturnal hypoventilation. There was a significant correlation between non‐ambulatory status with both total AHI and OSA (p < 0.001, rho: −0.66/p = 0.04, rho: 0.38, respectively). Nine patients received positive airway pressure titration, and the oAHI values of all returned to the normal range. These patients were started with positive airway pressure treatment. Our cohort showed that the majority of the patients with skeletal dysplasia had sleep apnea syndrome characterised mainly by OSA, highlighting the importance of polysomnography screening for sleep disorders. Positive airway pressure therapy represents an effective treatment for sleep‐disordered breathing in those patients.
Trajectories of sleep quality and depressive symptoms in women from pregnancy to 3 months postpartum: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Lin‐Lewry Marianne , Tzeng Ya‐Ling , Li Chieh‐Chen , Lee Gabrielle T. , Lee Pi‐Hsia , Chen Su‐Ru , Kuo Shu‐Yu 
Published: May 2023

SummarySleep quality and depression during pregnancy often affect women's adaptation to motherhood and are linked with adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. Using a prospective cohort study comprising 190 pregnant women in central Taiwan, we investigated the trajectories of sleep quality and depressive symptoms and their associated predictors in perinatal women from pregnancy to postpartum. Sleep and depressive symptoms were assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, respectively, from mid‐pregnancy to 3 months postpartum. We used group‐based trajectory modelling and logistic regression modelling to analyse the data collected from the structured questionnaires. Pregnant women (50.5% primipara) with a mean (standard deviation) age of 32.3 (4.1) years were included. We identified three distinctive classes of sleep quality trajectories during the perinatal period: ‘stable good’ (18.4%), ‘increasing poor’ (48.9%), and ‘stable poor’ (32.6%). We further detected three stable trajectories of depressive symptoms: ‘stable low’ (36.3%), ‘stable mild’ (42.1%), and ‘stable high’ (21.6%). A significant association between sleep quality and depression trajectories was evident (p < 0.001). High fatigue symptoms and low social support predicted the high trajectories of poor sleep and depressive symptoms. Distinctive dynamic sleep quality and stable depression trajectories were characterised. Our findings revealed that both the sleep and depression trajectories were closely associated with one another, with common predictors of fatigue symptoms and social support. The early assessment of maternal sleep and depression status is important for identifying at‐risk women and initiating interventions tailored to perinatal women to improve their sleep and mental health.
Religion and Derivative Use: Evidence from the Hedge Fund Industry
Authors: Lee Junyong , Lee Kyounghun , Oh Frederick Dongchuhl 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe examine how local religions influence derivative usage in the hedge fund industry. Measuring religiosity by the ratio of religious adherents in the county of a U.S. hedge fund headquarters, we find that religiosity is negatively related to the probability of hedge funds using derivatives for speculative purposes. In contrast, funds in regions with higher ratios of Catholics to Protestants are more likely to engage in speculation‐based trading of derivatives. Finally, we show that the effects of local religion are more pronounced if the hedge fund size is small. Overall, our study highlights the significant role of local religion in shaping the purpose of hedge fund derivative usage.
Objectivising national identity: The introduction of national registers in the late Habsburg Empire
Authors: Kuzmany Börries 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWestern societies over the last few decades have seen an increased interest in questions of group belonging and group identities, including ethno‐national groups. According to essentialising or constructivist paradigms, belonging to a national group is commonly conceptualised in the range of objective versus subjective criteria, where objective entails ascription and subjective, self‐identification. This paper suggests disentangling the paired dimensions—objective and other‐classification versus subjective and self‐classification—by analysing the late Habsburg Empire. I argue that the introduction of national registers in the new provincial constitutions and electoral laws of Moravia, Bukovina and Galicia accelerated an objective understanding of nationality and increasingly favoured other‐classification over self‐classification in cases where national belonging had become an administrative category. Yet, to do justice to the individual's subjective feelings, authorities were supposed to investigate objectively a citizen's subjective identification—a procedure that can be termed “objectivisation.” Such objectivising procedures thus reconciled an individual's subjective identification with an increasingly objective understanding of nationality by developing guidelines on how classification by others should proceed.
A new type of saidenbachite with pseudomorphs after coesite phenocrysts from the north‐western Bohemian Massif, Germany
Authors: Massonne Hans‐Joachim 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSaidenbachite started to crystallize from melt under ultrahigh pressure (UHP). This felsic igneous rock is known from two occurrences in the world only. The here reported new type of saidenbachite, found at the type locality in the central Erzgebirge Crystalline Complex, is characterized by millimetre‐sized aggregates of coarse‐grained quartz in a matrix of significantly smaller grains of garnet, rarely containing diamond inclusions, plagioclase, K‐feldspar, white mica, some dark mica, rutile and ±kyanite. According to the shape and the regular distribution of these aggregates showing similar size, they are interpreted as former coesite phenocrysts, which grew early in a felsic magma. This interpretation is corroborated by thermodynamic modelling demonstrating that coesite is the first major phase that crystallizes from SiO2‐rich (>66 wt%) magmas at UHP.
Oxidized cholesteryl ester induces exocytosis of dysfunctional lysosomes in lipidotic macrophages
Authors: Domingues Neuza , Marques André R. A. , Calado Rita Diogo Almeida , Ferreira Inês S. , Ramos Cristiano , Ramalho José , Soares Maria I. L. , Pereira Telmo , Oliveira Luís , Vicente José R. , Wong Louise H. , Simões Inês C. M. , Pinho e Melo Teresa M. V. D. , Peden Andrew , Almeida Cláudia Guimas , Futter Clare E. , Puertollano Rosa , Vaz Winchil L. C. , Vieira Otília V. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA key event in atherogenesis is the formation of lipid‐loaded macrophages, lipidotic cells, which exhibit irreversible accumulation of undigested modified low‐density lipoproteins (LDL) in lysosomes. This event culminates in the loss of cell homeostasis, inflammation, and cell death. Nevertheless, the exact chemical etiology of atherogenesis and the molecular and cellular mechanisms responsible for the impairment of lysosome function in plaque macrophages are still unknown. Here, we demonstrate that macrophages exposed to cholesteryl hemiazelate (ChA), one of the most prevalent products of LDL‐derived cholesteryl ester oxidation, exhibit enlarged peripheral dysfunctional lysosomes full of undigested ChA and neutral lipids. Both lysosome area and accumulation of neutral lipids are partially irreversible. Interestingly, the dysfunctional peripheral lysosomes are more prone to fuse with the plasma membrane, secreting their undigested luminal content into the extracellular milieu with potential consequences for the pathology. We further demonstrate that this phenotype is mechanistically linked to the nuclear translocation of the MiT/TFE family of transcription factors. The induction of lysosome biogenesis by ChA appears to partially protect macrophages from lipid‐induced cytotoxicity. In sum, our data show that ChA is involved in the etiology of lysosome dysfunction and promotes the exocytosis of these organelles. This latter event is a new mechanism that may be important in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.
Transfusion‐transmitted HBV infection with isolated anti‐HBs‐positive blood
Authors: Satake Masahiro , Yamagishi Naoji , Tanaka Ami , Goto Naoko , Sakamoto Tomohiko , Yanagino Yusuke , Furuta Rika A. , Matsubayashi Keiji 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundHepatitis B virus (HBV)‐positive individuals with isolated anti‐HBs are found among HBV vaccine recipients and healthy blood donors with no vaccination history. HBV infectivity from blood transfusions derived from such individuals remains unclear.Case PresentationA male patient who received transfusion with blood negative for individual donation‐NAT, HBsAg and anti‐HBc but weakly positive for anti‐HBs developed typical transfusion‐transmitted (TT)‐HBV with anti‐HBc response. The responsible blood donor was a frequent repeat donor showing a marked increase in anti‐HBs titer without anti‐HBc response 84 days after index donation. Test results for his past donations showed transient viremia with very low viral load and fluctuating low‐level anti‐HBs. The HBV vaccination history of this donor was unknown.DiscussionAnti‐HBs and anti‐HBc kinetics of the donor suggest a second antibody response to new HBV challenge, representing a vaccine breakthrough case. On the other hand, transient low‐level viremia and fluctuating anti‐HBs in the test results of past donations suggested chronic occult HBV infection with isolated anti‐HBs.ConclusionWhatever the basic infection state, blood donors with isolated weak anti‐HBs may include a small population with a risk of causing TT‐HBV. Identifying individuals harboring such TT‐HBV risk among individuals positive only for anti‐HBs is difficult under current screening strategies. Active surveillance for the occurrence of TT‐HBV with blood positive only for anti‐HBs is necessary.