bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Creeper legume, in conjunction with biochar, is a potential tool to minimize soil erosion
Authors: De Silva Sujani , Yapa Priyantha Indralal , Mahatantila Kushani , Das Saurav , Maharjan Bijesh 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAccelerated soil erosion and landslides are destructive consequences of road development and intensive agriculture in the central highlands of Sri Lanka. Properly designed vegetation covers can play a vital role in erosion control. Identifying a plant that can adapt to eroded land with a low‐nutrient supply is critical for natural erosion management. A perennial creeper legume, Vigna marina, adaptable for marginal lands and used to control soil erosion in Australia, was introduced to Sri Lanka via the 2004 tsunami. The objective of this study was to assess V. marina under five different soil substrates, including a reference treatment (RT) recommended for optimal legume growth and subsoil (SS) and decomposing parent materials (DPM) without or with 20% Pinus wood biochar (SSb, DPMb). The growth parameters of V. marina were in the order RT > SSb = DPMb > SS = DPM. Following V. marina growth, nitrogen (N) content in DPM and DPMb increased from non‐detectable to 1.83 and 0.99 mg g−1, respectively. The SSb and SS recorded an increase in N by 1.38 and 0.77 mg g−1, respectively. The RT lost soil N by 3.31 mg g−1. Compared to the RT, root nodules were 3× in SSb and DPMb, 2× in SS, and >2× in DPM. Amending SS and DPM with biochar enhanced the growth of V. marina. The V. marina, in conjunction with biochar, can be an effective tool to provide vegetative cover to exposed soils and, thus, minimize soil erosion on road cuts and other land resources.
Profiling and predicting distinct tau progression patterns: An unsupervised data‐driven approach to flortaucipir positron emission tomography
Authors: Tosun Duygu , Thropp Pamela , Southekal Sudeepti , Spottiswoode Bruce , Fahmi Rachid ,   for the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative
Published: June 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONHow to detect patterns of greater tau burden and accumulation is still an open question.METHODSAn unsupervised data‐driven whole‐brain pattern analysis of longitudinal tau positron emission tomography (PET) was used first to identify distinct tau accumulation profiles and then to build baseline models predictive of tau‐accumulation type.RESULTSThe data‐driven analysis of longitudinal flortaucipir PET from studies done by the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, Avid Pharmaceuticals, and Harvard Aging Brain Study (N = 348 cognitively unimpaired, N = 188 mild cognitive impairment, N = 77 dementia), yielded three distinct flortaucipir‐progression profiles: stable, moderate accumulator, and fast accumulator. Baseline flortaucipir levels, amyloid beta (Aβ) positivity, and clinical variables, identified moderate and fast accumulators with 81% and 95% positive predictive values, respectively. Screening for fast tau accumulation and Aβ positivity in early Alzheimer's disease, compared to Aβ positivity with variable tau progression profiles, required 46% to 77% lower sample size to achieve 80% power for 30% slowing of clinical decline.DISCUSSIONPredicting tau progression with baseline imaging and clinical markers could allow screening of high‐risk individuals most likely to benefit from a specific treatment regimen.
Deproteinized natural rubber‐graft‐polyacrylamide‐graft‐polystyrene (DPNR‐g‐PAM‐g‐PSt): Preparation and performance study of a new water swellable rubber
Authors: Yang Zhenhui , Yuan Yizhong , Tian Xiaohui , Sun Jinyu , Jin Jie 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this study, the water swellable rubber DPNR‐g‐PAM‐g‐PSt (DPP) was prepared by emulsion polymerization in a tert‐butyl hydroperoxide/tetraethylenepentamine initiation system using deproteinized natural rubber (DPNR) as the substrate, acrylamide (AM) and styrene (St) as the monomers, and Brij‐35 as the emulsifier. On this basis, the bentonite (BT) was added for coblending. The successful grafting of AM and St was verified by particle size, contact angle, Fourier transform infrared,1H‐NMR, scanning electron microscope, and differential scanning calorimetry. The effects of blending with different amounts of bentonite on the mechanical properties and water absorption properties were discussed. The water swellable rubber DPP and DPP/BT prepared in this study have good prospects for applications in industry, construction, medical care, environmental protection, soil improvement, and nuclear waste treatment.
Neue Perspektiven auf das Querkrafttragverhalten von Stahlbetonbauteilen ohne Querkraftbewehrung
Authors: Schmidt Maximilian , Seemab Fahad , Chudoba Rostislav , Claßen Martin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDas Querkrafttragverhalten von Bauteilen ohne Querkraftbewehrung ist seit über 100 Jahren ein fester Bestandteil der Forschung im Massivbau. In den letzten Jahren sind verschiedene mechanische Querkraftmodelle entwickelt worden, die eine Vielzahl wichtiger Erkenntnisse über die Hintergründe des Querkrafttragverhaltens aufzeigen und in der Lage sind, physikalische Erklärungsansätze für das Querkraftversagen in Bauteilen ohne Schubbewehrung zu liefern. Diese Modelle bedürfen jedoch weiterer experimenteller Validierung. Hierbei spielen neue Messverfahren (z. B. digitale Bildkorrelation oder faseroptische Dehnungsmessung), die tiefere Einblicke in das Tragverhalten schubbeanspruchter Stahlbetonbauteile zulassen, eine entscheidende Rolle. Ausgehend von experimentellen Untersuchungen mit modernen Messverfahren wurde eine Software entwickelt, die eine automatisierte Erfassung der Rissbildung basierend auf der Finite‐Elemente‐Methode mit detaillierter Auswertung der Kinematik und der im Riss übertragenen Spannungen durchführt. In diesem Beitrag wird ein Überblick über verschiedene Auswertungsmethoden experimenteller Untersuchungen mit modernen Messverfahren gegeben, auf deren Basis eine vertiefte Bewertung neuer Modellansätze erfolgen kann.
Major complications associated with unfavorable outcome in right‐sided large hemisphere infarctions: A single‐center study
Authors: Li Jie , Zhang Ping , Chen Hong , Liu Yingying , Luo Xingrong , Zhou Ju , Wang Chun 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo identify the major complications independently associated with unfavorable outcomes in right‐sided large hemisphere infarction (RLHI) patients.MethodsWe retrospectively enrolled consecutive patients admitted within 24 h with the diagnosis of RLHI. The unfavorable outcome was defined as a modified Rankin Scale score of 4–6 at 3 months. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify the major complications independently associated with 3‐month unfavorable outcomes.ResultsOf the 171 cases with RLHI included, 126 (73.7%) had unfavorable outcomes at 3 months: A total of 64 (37.4%) cases died, and 62 (36.3%) lived with severe disability. Stroke‐related complications occurred in 168 (98.2%) patients during hospitalization. The five most common stroke‐related complications were pulmonary infection (75.4%), electrolyte disorder (61.4%), hypoalbuminemia (49.1%), malignant brain edema (MBE) (48.5%), and hemorrhagic transformation (48.0%). RLHI patients with unfavorable outcomes had more frequent MBE (58.7% vs. 21.4%, p < .001), pulmonary infection (86.5% vs. 42.9%, p < .001), gastrointestinal bleeding (46.8% vs. 28.6%, p = .038), electrolyte disorder (68.3% vs. 40.5%, p = .001), acute renal failure (32.5% vs. 4.8%, p < .001), and hypoalbuminemia (61.1% vs. 11.9%, p < .001) than patients with favorable outcome. Multivariate analyses suggested that only MBE (adjusted OR 4.06, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.14–14.48, p = .031), pulmonary infection (adjusted OR 4.69, 95%CI 1.48–14.85, p = .009), and hypoalbuminemia (adjusted OR 6.58, 95%CI 1.74–24.86, p = .005) were independently associated with 3‐month unfavorable outcome in patients with RLHI.ConclusionsMost of the RLHI patients have at least one stroke‐related complication during hospitalization, and nearly three‐quarters suffered unfavorable outcomes. Only MBE, pulmonary infection, and hypoalbuminemia are independently associated with 3‐month unfavorable outcome.
Stakeholders' engagement through social media analytics in promoting sustainable development practices in the mobile supply chain: A cross‐country analysis
Authors: Shokouhyar Sajjad , Shokoohyar Sina , Mirzaei Shima 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe stakeholders' perceptions can significantly impact the management of the supply chain; however, there has been little comparative research on customers' opinions in various regions of the world. This paper conducted a thematic analysis to determine the differences between consumers' perceptions in developed and developing countries. This study analyzes six countries—the United States, the United Kingdom, Germany, India, Japan, and China—with a high social media engagement rate. Then, sentiment analysis was utilized to uncover consumers' emotions. The results indicate that social media users in developing nations are increasingly concerned about the sustainability of the mobile supply chain. Also, developing nations tweeted primarily about socially sustainable practices, whereas developed nations were more concerned with environmentally sustainable practices. This study contributes to the theory of stakeholders and institutions by concentrating on external stakeholders and analyzing their perspectives to determine how to enhance sustainable practices in supply chains.
Does environmental footprint influence the resilience of firms facing environmental penalties?
Authors: Foulon Brice , Marsat Sylvain 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study aims to understand whether prior environmental footprint helps firms to be more resilient against penalties following environmental violations. While the allocation of resources to diminish the company's environmental footprint might be considered detrimental to its financial recovery, the natural resource‐based view argues that environmental capabilities may foster firm resilience when faced with the shocks of environmental penalties. We collected data from press releases using Factiva between 2006 and 2019 to constitute an original sample of 143 events concerning US‐listed firms subjected to fines for environmental misconduct initiated by the Environmental Protection Agency. Using survival analysis methodology, we empirically find that firms with lower environmental footprints prior to the penalty recover sooner from the financial shock, hence exhibiting higher capabilities of resilience. This finding is robust to different survival analysis models and time windows. Our empirical analysis expands the range of studies supporting environmental performance as a way for organizations to improve resilience in the face of disruptions, in providing clear evidence in the case of environmental fines.
Flourishing tumor organoids: History, emerging technology, and application
Authors: Yang Qian , Li Mengmeng , Yang Xinming , Xiao Zian , Tong Xinying , Tuerdi Ayinuer , Li Shisheng , Lei Lanjie 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMalignant tumors are one of the leading causes of death which impose an increasingly heavy burden on all countries. Therefore, the establishment of research models that closely resemble original tumor characteristics is crucial to further understanding the mechanisms of malignant tumor development, developing safer and more effective drugs, and formulating personalized treatment plans. Recently, organoids have been widely used in tumor research owing to their advantages including preserving the structure, heterogeneity, and cellular functions of the original tumor, together with the ease of manipulation. This review describes the history and characteristics of tumor organoids and the synergistic combination of three‐dimensional (3D) culture approaches for tumor organoids with emerging technologies, including tissue‐engineered cell scaffolds, microfluidic devices, 3D bioprinting, rotating wall vessels, and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats‐CRISPR‐associated protein 9 (CRISPR‐Cas9). Additionally, the progress in research and the applications in basic and clinical research of tumor organoid models are summarized. This includes studies of the mechanism of tumor development, drug development and screening, precision medicine, immunotherapy, and simulation of the tumor microenvironment. Finally, the existing shortcomings of tumor organoids and possible future directions are discussed.
Enhancement of CAR‐T cell activity against cholangiocarcinoma by simultaneous knockdown of six inhibitory membrane proteins
Authors: Qiao Yidan , Chen Jie , Wang Xuemei , Yan Shumei , Tan Jizhou , Xia Baijin , Chen Yongjian , Lin Keming , Zou Fan , Liu Bingfeng , He Xin , Zhang Yiwen , Zhang Xu , Zhang Hui , Wu Xiangyuan , Lu Lijuan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundExisting treatments for cholangiocarcinoma have poor efficacy. However, chimeric antigen receptor‐T (CAR‐T) cells are emerging as a potential therapeutic strategy. Solid tumors possess multiple adverse factors in an immunosuppressive microenvironment that impair CAR‐T cell infiltration and function. This study aimed to improve the function of CAR‐T cells through knock down immune checkpoints and immunosuppressive molecular receptors.MethodsWe evaluated the expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and B7 homolog 3 protein (B7H3) antigens in cholangiocarcinoma tissues using immunohistochemistry and screened specific immune checkpoints in the cholangiocarcinoma microenvironment via flow cytometry. Subsequently, we engineered CAR‐T cells targeting EGFR and B7H3 antigens. We simultaneously knocked down immune checkpoints and immunosuppressive molecular receptors in CAR‐T cells by constructing two clusters of small hairpin RNAs and evaluated the engineered CAR‐T cells for antitumor activity both in vitro, using tumor cell lines and cholangiocarcinoma organoid models, and in vivo, using humanized mouse models.ResultsWe observed high expression of EGFR and B7H3 antigens in cholangiocarcinoma tissues. EGFR‐CAR‐T and B7H3‐CAR‐T cells demonstrated specific anti‐tumor activity. We found an abundance of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD‐1), T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain‐containing protein 3 (Tim‐3), and T cell immunoglobulin and ITIM domain (Tigit) on infiltrated CD8+ T cells in the cholangiocarcinoma microenvironment. We then decreased the expression of these 3 proteins on the surface of CAR‐T cells, named PTG‐scFV‐CAR‐T cells. Furthermore, we knocked‐down the expression of transforming growth factor beta receptor (TGFβR), interleukin‐10 receptor (IL‐10R), and interleukin‐6 receptor (IL‐6R) of PTG‐scFV‐CAR‐T cells. Those cells, named PTG‐T16R‐scFV‐CAR‐T cells, potently killed tumor cells in vitro and promoted apoptosis of tumor cells in a cholangiocarcinoma organoid model. Finally, the PTG‐T16R‐scFv‐CAR‐T cells showed greater inhibitory effect on tumor growth in vivo, and were superior in prolonging the survival of mice.ConclusionsOur results revealed that PTG‐T16R‐scFV‐CAR‐T cells with knockdown of sextuplet inhibitory molecules exhibited strong immunity against cholangiocarcinoma and long‐term efficacy both in vitro and in vivo. This strategy provides an effective and personalized immune cell therapy against cholangiocarcinoma.
Challenges and Solutions in Solar Photovoltaic Technology Life Cycle
Authors: Ullah Nehar , Ahmad Altaf , Sarfaraz Rafia , Khalid Saifullah , Ali Irshad , Younas Mohammad , Rezakazemi Mashallah 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSolar energy offers a clean and abundant alternative to the challenges associated with fossil fuels such as greenhouse gas emissions and resource depletion. The review focuses on the environmental impacts of solar photovoltaic technology throughout its life cycle, from manufacturing to disposal, and highlights potential hazards associated with using and producing photovoltaic technology, including releasing toxic gases and other trace elements into the environment. The paper concludes by summarizing various recycling techniques that can be employed to address these challenges and to take full advantage of solar photovoltaic technology without causing harm to the environment.
Orthodontic camouflage treatment of pseudo‐Class III malocclusion on skeletal class III Base complicated with canine impaction treated with temporary anchorage devices: A case report
Authors: Alotaibi Saud 
Published: June 2023

Key Clinical MessageWith conventional mechanics to protract the upper posterior teeth for correcting Class III molar relationships, such as intra‐arch mechanics, face mask reverse‐pull headgear protraction, and interarch Class III elastics, there are some adverse effects, including diminished patient compliance, the possibility of losing anchorage, and extrusion of upper molars and lower incisors with counterclockwise rotation of the occlusal plane. Protraction force should be directed through the center of resistance of the upper posterior teeth to prevent these side effects.
Covishield vaccination and pulmonary thromboembolism: A coincidence or a causal association?
Authors: Divas Rijal , Prabhat Rijal , Rohit Raina , Sanjay Chaudhari Ashish , Sushan Homagain , Bijaya Rawol 
Published: June 2023

Key Clinical MessageWith the eruption of COVID pandemic, many cases of thromboembolic events in association with the COVID infection were reported suggesting the prothrombotic state associated with the infection. After a few years, eventually some of the COVID vaccines came into implementation. With the discovery and implementation of COVID vaccinations, a very few cases have been reported to have developed thromboembolic events, including pulmonary thromboembolism. Different types of vaccines have been associated with different rates of thromboembolic events. Covishield vaccine is rarely associated with thrombotic complications. In the case report below, we present a case summary of a young married female, who presented with shortness of breath a week after the Covishield vaccination and presented to our tertiary care center with further worsening of symptoms during a course of 6 months. On detailed workup, she was diagnosed to have a large pulmonary thrombus affecting the left main pulmonary artery. Other possible etiologies of the hypercoagulable states were ruled out. Though COVID vaccines are known to induce prothrombotic state in the body, we could not be sure if it was the actual cause for the pulmonary thromboembolism or just a coincidence.
Bilateral acute anterior uveitis and optic nerve edema as a manifestation of coronavirus disease‐2019 (COVID‐19): A case report
Authors: Mohamadzadeh Aria , Mohamadzadeh Dena 
Published: June 2023

Key clinical messageAcute anterior uveitis and optic disk edema could be a manifestation of COVID‐19 infection, and healthcare providers should be aware of this possible consequence for in‐time diagnosis and treatment.AbstractSince the beginning of the coronavirus disease‐2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic, a wide range of clinical manifestations have been associated with this novel infection. The objective of this study was to show that acute anterior uveitis and optic disk edema could be possible manifestations of COVID‐19 infection. The patient was a nine‐year‐old girl presenting with prolonged fever, myalgia, cough, diarrhea, and skin rashes. She also reported blurred vision, Photophobia, and eye redness. PCR test for COVID‐19 returned positive. Imaging investigations showed pleural and pericardial effusion, mediastinal lymphadenopathy, and heart valve regurgitation. She was diagnosed with MIS‐C and treated with methylprednisolone and IVIG. Bilateral acute anterior uveitis and optic disk edema was detected by slit lamp and fundus examination. She was successfully treated and follow‐up ophthalmologic examinations showed improvement.
Stars from the bones—An uncommon presentation of fat embolism syndrome
Authors: Sivanandam Lokesh Koumar , Gupta Prakash , Rahim Maliha , Sanker Vivek , Pandita Ashna , Gupta Umang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTrauma or surgery to the lower limbs can cause fat from the marrow within the leg bones to enter the bloodstream and form an embolus. However, if there is cerebral involvement without any pulmonary or dermatological manifestations at diagnosis, it could delay identifying cerebral fat embolism (CFE).
Probing Surface Chemistry Effects on Effective Diffusion Coefficients in Hierarchically Porous Media Through Multiscale Simulations
Authors: Tallarek Ulrich , Hlushkou Dzmitry , Trebel Nicole , Höltzel Alexandra 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMultiscale diffusion simulations in a realistic macro‐mesoporosity model of a silica‐based chromatographic bed are performed to study the effect of relevant surface chemistry parameters, namely length and ligand density of surface‐tethered alkyl chains, on effective mesopore and bed diffusion coefficients. Efficient linker schemes enable integration of interfacial dynamics information obtained from molecular dynamics simulations at the single‐mesopore level into the hierarchical porosity and multiscale transport model.
Synergetic Alkoxy Side‐Chain and Chlorine‐Contained End Group Strategy toward High Performance Ultra‐Narrow Bandgap Small Molecule Acceptors
Authors: Wei Qingya , Liang Songting , Qiu Beibei , Liu Wei , Xu Xiang , Lu Xinhui , Fu Yuang , Yuan Jun , Zou Yingping 
Published: June 2023

Comprehensive SummaryUltra‐narrow bandgap (ultra‐NBG) small molecule acceptors (SMAs) show great potential in organic solar cells (OSCs) due to the extended near‐infrared (NIR) absorption. In this work, a synergetic alkoxy side‐chain and chlorine‐contained end group strategy is employed to achieve A‐DA'D‐A type ultra‐NBG SMAs by introducing alkoxy chains with oxygen atom at the second position into the thiophene β position as well as replacing the F atoms with Cl atoms in the end group. As a result, the heptacyclic BZO‐4F shows a redshifted absorption onset (960 nm) compared with Y11 (932 nm) without oxygen atoms in the side chains. Then, the fluorinated end groups are substituted with the chlorinated ones to synthesize BZO‐4Cl. The absorption onset of BZO‐4Cl is further redshifted to 990 nm, corresponding to an optical ultra‐NBG of 1.25 eV. When blending with the polymer donor PBDB‐T, the binary devices based on PBDB‐T:BZO‐4F and PBDB‐T:BZO‐4Cl deliver power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) over 12%. Furthermore, ternary devices with the addition of BZ4F‐O‐1 into PBDB‐T:BZO‐4Cl system achieve the optimal PCE of 15.51%. This work proposes a synergetic alkoxy side‐chain and chlorine‐contained end group strategy to achieve A‐DA'D‐A type ultra‐NBG SMAs, which is important for future molecular design.