bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New Short Scale to Measure Workers’ Attitudes Toward the Implementation of Cooperative Robots in Industrial Work Settings: Instrument Development and Exploration of Attitude Structure
Authors: Leichtmann Benedikt , Hartung Johanna , Wilhelm Oliver , Nitsch Verena 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe implementation of new robotic technology at workplaces is oftentimes accompanied by social and organizational change processes. A new context-specific questionnaire was developed as a diagnostic tool to measure workers’ attitudes toward mobile cooperative manufacturing robots to provide a basis for managerial decisions and interventions—the “Attitudes toward Cooperative Industrial Robots Questionnaire” (ACIR-Q). Two samples, an online sample of 355 German manufacturing workers and a field sample of 201 workers from 4 local manufacturing companies were collected. For a large item pool, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis was used to identify the attitudinal factor structure. Data showed a combined affective-behavioral factor and two cognitive factors on task-related and social-related beliefs. Based on this, the 12-item short scale ACIR-Q was derived using ant colony optimization. As attitudes can also be interpreted as networks of evaluative responses, network analysis was used for further insights. The small-world network structure (high clustering and connectivity) allows to hold complex attitudes and centrality measures indicate the most influential evaluative responses. Additionally, we explored relationships between workers’ attitudes and interpersonal variables (perceived competence, perceived control, and general self-efficacy), as well as social/organizational variables (trust in management, support climate, job insecurity and job characteristics). Based on the results, practical implications are suggested to improve workers’ attitudes.
Severe Plastic Deformed Zones and White Etching Layers Formed During Service of Railway Wheels
Authors: Freisinger M. , Rojacz H. , Trausmuth A. , Mayrhofer P. H. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe near-surface regions of rail wheels experience a complex thermo-mechanical loading, which varies along the location of the tread and causes severe changes to the microstructure. Occasionally, brittle white etching layers (WEL) are formed, representing a high risk of wheel damage. Therefore, we studied the depth-evolution of the surface-near microstructure along different regions of the tread of a wheel being ~ 200,000 km in service. The microstructural variations point toward a higher thermal loading history in the middle of the tread and predominant mechanical loading in the neighboring regions, where a severe plastic deformed microstructure with rolling contact fatigue cracks is present. Varieties of WEL-like microstructures were investigated, the presented analysis contributes to the knowledge of their microstructural characteristics and outpoints these regions in terms of potential crack initiation sites on railway wheels.
Load-Aware Greedy Dynamic CoMP Clustering Mechanism for DPS CoMP in 5G Networks
Authors: Chantaraskul Soamsiri , Tarbut Phornthip , Nuanyai Kittipong 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCooperative communications offered by the Coordinated Multipoint (CoMP) technique have been introduced and become an important technique in the 5G mobile networks to support very high system capacity and improve the end-user service quality, especially for the cell-edge users via the dynamic coordination of transceivers at different geographical sites. One major issue driving the performance of CoMP operation is the decision on the coopering clusters or the cluster formation strategies. In this work, an approach of CoMP clustering has been studied and proposed, the so-called load-aware greedy dynamic CoMP clustering mechanism. Our proposed CoMP clustering technique is deployed on top of the actual traffic-based load-aware Dynamic Point Selection CoMP (DPS CoMP) mechanism, which is our previously proposed mechanism. The approach is aimed at maximizing spectral efficiency with appropriate cell coordination based on well-balancing cell loads within the coordinating area of the 5G networks. System performance is numerically studied and observed for the 5G Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) systems embedded with our proposed mechanisms for the realistic scenarios, i.e., homogeneous network and Heterogeneous Network (HetNet) cases. Numerical results illustrate the benefit brought by our approaches in comparison with others CoMP clustering techniques as well as the potential for further improvement.
Verordnung Digitaler Gesundheitsanwendungen (DiGA) an Menschen mit depressiven Erkrankungen: Ergebnisse einer qualitativen Studie
Authors: Posselt Jacqueline , Klawunn Ronny , Dierks Marie-Luise 
Published: April 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund und Ziel
Digitale Gesundheitsanwendungen (DiGA) gehören seit 2020 zu den Leistungen der gesetzlichen Krankenkassen. Insbesondere für Menschen mit depressiven Erkrankungen bieten DiGA eine Möglichkeit, Wartezeiten auf eine fachärztliche oder therapeutische Versorgung zu überbrücken. Derzeit ist unklar, ob und wie Hausärzt*innen (HÄ) DiGA einsetzen. Deshalb wurde untersucht, wie sich HÄ über DiGA informieren, wie sie diese beurteilen und welche Erfahrungen sie mit der Verordnung gemacht haben.

Material und Methode
In einer qualitativen Studie wurden von 01/22 bis 04/22 Interviews mit HÄ (n = 17) durchgeführt und durch eine inhaltlich strukturierenden Inhaltsanalyse ausgewertet.

Ergebnisse
Angesichts langer Wartezeiten empfinden HÄ die Vermittlung von Patient*innen mit depressiven Erkrankungen in die fachärztliche oder therapeutische Versorgung als herausfordernd. Die zeitintensive Versorgung während dieser Wartezeit stellt eine Belastung für die hausärztlichen Ressourcen dar. Digitale Interventionen werden hier bisher von den HÄ nur begrenzt eingesetzt, das eigene Wissen über bestehende Angebote ist bislang eher gering. Chancen von DiGA liegen in der Überbrückung von Wartezeiten und der zeitnahen Verfügbarkeit in unterschiedlichen Sprachen. Die Stärkung des Selbstmanagements der Erkrankten und die Erweiterung des hausärztlichen Handlungsspektrums sind weitere positive Argumente. Kritisch betrachtet werden hingegen die unklare Evidenzlage und die im Vergleich zur persönlichen Versorgung hohen Preise von DiGA. Auch sehen HÄ bei ihren eigenen Patient*innen nur ein begrenztes Interesse für DiGA und betonen, dass der Einsatz von DiGA eine zusätzliche persönliche Begleitung benötigt.

Schlussfolgerungen
Insgesamt ist die Einschätzung von DiGA durch HÄ durchaus ambivalent: Depressive Erkrankungen stellen eine hohe Arbeitsbelastung dar. Obwohl mit DiGA inzwischen eine Möglichkeit zur Unterstützung der Versorgung besteht, werden sie nur verhalten eingesetzt.
Robust fault detection and diagnosis of primary air data sensors in the presence of atmospheric turbulence
Authors: Prabhu S. , Anitha G. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis paper presents a fault detection and diagnosis (FDD) algorithm for various faults in the primary air data sensors (PADS) of an aircraft in the presence of external disturbances such as atmospheric turbulence. Rapid wind variations due to turbulence induce excessive error in the externally fitted air data probe measurements, which may lead to loss of control and misinterpretations by the flight crew. In adverse environmental conditions, the FDD of air data prefers robust and adaptive air data estimates that use an analytical redundancy approach with fewer computations. The proposed method considers the kinematics of the aircraft instead of the dynamics used in the state-of-the-art algorithms. The advantage of using kinematics is that it can reduce modeling errors significantly, avoiding high false alarm rates in the FDD process. For the estimation of stable and accurate air data under external disturbance, the inertial navigation system and global positioning system (INS/GPS) output are considered instead of actual air data probe or sensor measurements. The proposed algorithm uses estimates of air data using an exponentially weighted adaptive extended Kalman filter (EW-AEKF) to detect and diagnose PADS faults, which can perform well even in the presence of uncertain noise due to atmospheric turbulence experienced during flight. The simulation was carried out to validate the algorithm with flight data obtained from the X-Plane flight simulator under moderate atmospheric turbulence. The simulation experiments were carried out using the MATLAB programming platform. The results show that the proposed method achieves satisfactory FDD performance with lower root mean square error (RMSE) and computation time than traditional EKF-based algorithms.
Role of arousal, subjective significance and valence of affect in task-switching effectiveness
Authors: Imbir Kamil K. , Pastwa Maciej , Wielgopolan Adrianna , Modzelewska Aleksandra , Sobieszek Adam 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSwitching between two concurrent tasks is an important ability of the mind. In a series of two experiments, we explored the role of activation (arousal and subjective significance) and emotional valence in shaping the effectiveness of switching between two cognitive tasks: gender-marking and emotional categorisations of verbal stimuli. We expected arousal to disrupt and subjective significance to boost the effectiveness of cognitive switching. We employed a paradigm that allowed us to present emotional words and measure the reaction latencies when a task given to the participants was switched; thus, the response was more costly than when continuing to respond to the same task. The first experiment, conducted with neutral words, showed that high subjective significance reduced reaction latencies in comparison with medium subjective significance. The second experiment showed a similar pattern only for neutral stimuli in the emotional categorisation task, but not for negative and positive stimuli. We did not find a clear effect of arousal or valence. The results of our studies suggest that subjective significance is independent of arousal in enhancing the cognitive control resources.
Brazil—A New Republic of African Letters?
Authors: Can Nazir Ahmed , Bano Issaka Maïnassara 
Published: April 2023

AbstractToday, it is not the former colonial metropolis (Portugal), but a former colony (Brazil) that has become the main legitimizing center of African literature in the Portuguese language. It is also in Brazil that the largest number of studies on African literature written in other languages is produced. To illustrate this state of affairs, we begin by demonstrating how the work of Alain Mabanckou has penetrated the literary market and the Brazilian academy. After contextualizing the historical institutional dependence that characterizes French-speaking African literature in relation to the “center” (Paris) and situating Mabanckou in this dynamic, we look at how his work arrived in Brazil, the growing interest that it has awakened, and the type of studies conducted there. In the last part of the article, we show that Mabanckou is not an isolated phenomenon and is part of a historical process that began more than fifty years ago: due to the flow of translations and academic studies on works from different linguistic contexts, Brazil helps to unsettle the linguistic self-centeredness that characterizes African literary studies and reduces distances between “center” and “periphery” that guide the world literary game.
Reporting of harms in clinical trials of esketamine in depression: a systematic review
Authors: Taillefer de Laportalière Tanguy , Jullien Adeline , Yrondi Antoine , Cestac Philippe , Montastruc François 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWhile previous systematic reviews of trials evaluating conventional antidepressants highlighted inadequacies and inconsistencies in adverse event (AE) reporting, no evaluation is available on esketamine in resistant depression. The objective of this review was to assess quality of reporting AEs in all published clinical trials studying esketamine. It also aimed to compare the proportions of AEs reported in journal articles to those recorded in the ClinicalTrial.gov Registers. Clinical trials evaluating the efficacy and safety of esketamine in depression were searched using Medline and ClinicalTrials.gov. The quality of reporting harms was assessed using a 21-item checklist from the CONSORT Extension of Harms (1 point by item). The total quality score was graded into four categories: high (17–21), moderate (12–16), low (7–11) and very low (0–6). Ten clinical trials were included in the analysis. Nine trials were classified as ‘low quality’ with regard to safety, one trial was classified as ‘moderate quality’. Compared to AEs recorded in ClinicalTrials.gov, we found that 41.5% of serious AEs and 39% of non-serious AEs were not reported in the published articles. Among them, the majority were psychiatric events but also cardiovascular events and 94% concerned patients from esketamine groups. Quality of AEs reporting in published clinical trials of esketamine was poor and harms were reported less frequently in journal publications than in ClinicalTrial.gov Registers. The study suggests that an assessment of the benefits/risks balance of esketamine based on the results reported in trial publications is flawed due to the poor accuracy and completeness of harm data.
Social gaze behavior and hyperarousal in young females with fragile X syndrome: A within-person approach
Authors: Miller Jonas G. , Sharifi Roxanna , Piccirilli Aaron , Li Rihui , Lee Cindy H. , Bartholomay Kristi L. , Jordan Tracy L. , Marzelli Matthew J. , Bruno Jennifer L. , Lightbody Amy A. , Reiss Allan L. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractChildren with fragile X syndrome (FXS) often avoid eye contact, a behavior that is potentially related to hyperarousal. Prior studies, however, have focused on between-person associations rather than coupling of within-person changes in gaze behaviors and arousal. In addition, there is debate about whether prompts to maintain eye contact are beneficial for individuals with FXS. In a study of young females (ages 6–16), we used eye tracking to assess gaze behavior and pupil dilation during social interactions in a group with FXS (n = 32) and a developmentally similar comparison group (n = 23). Participants engaged in semi-structured conversations with a female examiner during blocks with and without verbal prompts to maintain eye contact. We identified a social–behavioral and psychophysiological profile that is specific to females with FXS; this group exhibited lower mean levels of eye contact, significantly increased mean pupil dilation during conversations that included prompts to maintain eye contact, and showed stronger positive coupling between eye contact and pupil dilation. Our findings strengthen support for the perspective that gaze aversion in FXS reflects negative reinforcement of social avoidance behavior. We also found that behavioral skills training may improve eye contact, but maintaining eye contact appears to be physiologically taxing for females with FXS.
Lithium Isotope Constraints on Slab and Mantle Contribution to Arc Magmas
Authors: Zhang Wei , Kitagawa Hiroshi , Nakamura Eizo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDehydration of subducting oceanic lithosphere (slab) induces Li‐isotope fractionation between the fluid and the slab, suggested by the δ7Li variation (∼10‰) in exhumed subduction complexes. Given that arc magmas represent melt of the supraslab mantle, a large δ7Li variation is anticipated for arc volcanic rocks. However, the δ7Li values in these rocks are mostly homogeneous within the range of mid‐ocean ridge basalts (+1.6 to +5.6‰). The lack of a subduction‐related δ7Li signature has been explained by (a) homogenization by mixing of different magma sources, (b) loss of Li from the slab via dehydration, or (c) homogenization by diffusive exchange of slab‐derived Li and the mantle. The Chugoku district in SW Japan is an ideal place to study the process responsible for Li‐isotope variation in arc magmas, since the Chugoku volcanic rocks show large δ7Li variation (−1.9 to +7.4‰). High δ7Li values (+6.3 to +7.4‰) are found in some high‐Sr andesites and dacites (adakites) whereas low δ7Li values (−1.0 to −0.1‰) are found in high‐Mg andesites. The parental magmas of these rocks have been sourced from subducted oceanic crust and sediments, respectively, with various extents of the interaction with wedge mantle. The limited extents of Li isotope modification are indicated by the similarity of the δ7Li values of these rocks and their supposed sources. The models for a slab dehydration and a diffusive exchange between slab‐derived melt and mantle demonstrate that the δ7Li signatures of the sources can be preserved in the adakites if they ascent rapidly in mantle.
Heat Waves: Physical Understanding and Scientific Challenges
Authors: Barriopedro D. , García‐Herrera R. , Ordóñez C. , Miralles D. G. , Salcedo‐Sanz S. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHeat waves (HWs) can cause large socioeconomic and environmental impacts. The observed increases in their frequency, intensity and duration are projected to continue with global warming. This review synthesizes the state of knowledge and scientific challenges. It discusses different aspects related to the definition, triggering mechanisms, observed changes and future projections of HWs, as well as emerging research lines on subseasonal forecasts and specific types of HWs. We also identify gaps that limit progress and delineate priorities for future research. Overall, the physical drivers of HWs are not well understood, partly due to difficulties in the quantification of their interactions and responses to climate change. Influential factors convey processes at different spatio‐temporal scales, from global warming and the large‐scale atmospheric circulation to regional and local factors in the affected area and upwind regions. Although some thermodynamic processes have been identified, there is a lack of understanding of dynamical aspects, regional forcings and feedbacks, and their future changes. This hampers the attribution of regional trends and individual events, and reduces the ability to provide accurate forecasts and regional projections. Sustained observational networks, models of diverse complexity, narrative‐based methodological approaches and artificial intelligence offer new opportunities toward process‐based understanding and interdisciplinary research.
The Origin of Seismic and Tectonic Activity Underlying the Sichuan Basin, Central China
Authors: Su Zhe , Bürgmann Roland , Wang Erchie 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe Sichuan basin, located adjacent to the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau, serves as an ideal marker for testing the extrusion process of the plateau. The basin is seismically active, with the strongest earthquake, the 2008 Mw 7.9 Wenchuan earthquake, occurring in the Longmen Shan range along its northwestern edge. A new regional compilation of focal mechanism solutions of earthquakes in and surrounding the basin reveals that a large fraction of the events have focal depths ranging between 8 and 25 km, corresponding to the crystalline basement of the basin. Seismic deformation involves right‐lateral oblique reverse faults, mostly trending northeast–southwest, similar to the kinematics of the mainshock of the Wenchuan earthquake. Shallow earthquakes (3–8 km) suggest that some of the seismic faults rupturing the crystalline basement are growing toward the surface. To the southwest, the seismicity transitions to activity along the left‐lateral Xianshuihe–Xiaojiang fault zone. The spatial relationship between these two sets of fault zones is consistent with a model in which the Sichuan basin responds to the southeast extrusion of the Chuan‐Dian block at the southeast margin of the plateau by a counterclockwise bookshelf rotation of the crystalline basement. This deformation pattern initiated ∼4–2 Ma, as shown by the age of the Xiaojiang fault segment. The history of left‐lateral movement along the Xianshuihe‐Xiaojiang fault can be traced back to ∼12 Ma when the eastward growth of the Tibetan Plateau resulted in the shortening of both the Longmen Shan thrust belt and the sedimentary over the Sichuan basin.
Carboxypeptidase E conditional knockout mice exhibit learning and memory deficits and neurodegeneration
Authors: Fan Fang-Cheng , Du Yang , Zheng Wen-Hui , Loh Y. Peng , Cheng Yong 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCarboxypeptidase E (CPE) is a multifunctional protein with many nonenzymatic functions in various systems. Previous studies using CPE knock-out mice have shown that CPE has neuroprotective effects against stress and is involved in learning and memory. However, the functions of CPE in neurons are still largely unknown. Here we used a Camk2a-Cre system to conditionally knockout CPE in neurons. The wild-type, CPEflox/−, and CPEflox/flox mice were weaned, ear-tagged, and tail clipped for genotyping at 3 weeks old, and they underwent open field, object recognition, Y-maze, and fear conditioning tests at 8 weeks old. The CPEflox/flox mice had normal body weight and glucose metabolism. The behavioral tests showed that CPEflox/flox mice had impaired learning and memory compared with wild-type and CPEflox/- mice. Surprisingly, the subiculum (Sub) region of CPEflox/flox mice was completely degenerated, unlike the CPE full knockout mice, which exhibit CA3 region neurodegeneration. In addition, doublecortin immunostaining suggested that neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus was significantly reduced in CPEflox/flox mice. Interestingly, TrkB phosphorylation in the hippocampus was downregulated in CPEflox/flox mice, but brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels were not. In both the hippocampus and dorsal medial prefrontal cortex, we observed reduced MAP2 and GFAP expression in CPEflox/flox mice. Taken together, the results of this study demonstrate that specific neuronal CPE knockout leads to central nervous system dysfunction in mice, including learning and memory deficits, hippocampal Sub degeneration and impaired neurogenesis.
High glucose-induced STING activation inhibits diabetic wound healing through promoting M1 polarization of macrophages
Authors: Geng Kang , Ma Xiumei , Jiang Zongzhe , Huang Wei , Gu Junling , Wang Peng , Luo Lifang , Xu Youhua , Xu Yong 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDiabetic wound (DW) is characterized by elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines and cellular dysfunction consistent with elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Recent advances in immunology have dissected molecular pathways involved in the innate immune system where cytoplasmic DNA can trigger STING-dependent inflammatory responses and play an important role in metabolic-related diseases. We investigated whether STING regulates inflammation and cellular dysfunction in DW healing. We found that STING and M1 macrophages were increased in wound tissues from DW in patients and mice and delayed the wound closure. We also noticed that the massively released ROS in the High glucose (HG) environment activated STING signaling by inducing the escape of mtDNA to the cytoplasm, inducing macrophage polarization into a pro-inflammatory phenotype, releasing pro-inflammatory cytokines, and exacerbating endothelial cell dysfunction. In Conclusion, mtDNA-cGAS-STING pathway activation under diabetic metabolic stress is an important mechanism of DW refractory healing. While using STING gene-edited macrophages for wound treatment by cell therapy can induce the polarization of wound macrophages from pro-inflammatory M1 to anti-inflammatory M2, promote angiogenesis, and collagen deposition to accelerate DW healing. STING may be a promising therapeutic target for DW.