bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is microbiota a part of obesogenic memory? Insights about the role of oral and gut microbiota in re-obesity
Authors: AbdelMassih Antoine , Eid Maryam , Gadalla Mahenar , AbouShadi Nour , Youssef Steven , Ali Batoul , AbdelDayem Janna , AbdelFatah Emmy , Mahmoud Abdulrahman , ElLithey Ahmed , Ghabreal Beshoy , ElSaid Doha , Mohamed Haya , Labib Hoda , ShamselDin Mennatullah , Daniel Nada , Youssef Omnia , KC Rajan , Ahmed Rana , Sayed Rawan , Ali Rodaina , Eid Yomna , Hozaien Rafeef , ElAhmady Maryam 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Weight re-gain (which is also known as re-obesity) is an overwhelming challenge many dieters face in their pursuit to maintain consistent results following successful weight loss. This frustrating pattern of weight cycling can have various mental and physical implications, which further puts another roadblock in any weight reduction program.

Main body of the abstract
A comprehensive analysis of the causes behind the phenomenon of re-obesity has been widely conducted in literature, exploring the importance of creating the right mindset for weight loss maintenance and identifying the hormonal role, specifically of insulin–leptin resistance and ghrelin enhanced affinity, on appetite and food intake regulation. Insulin–Leptin resistance, due to circulating prostaglandins and prostaglandin metabolites, along with a decline in leptin-producing adipocytes following body mass reduction, cuts off leptin’s satiety signals to the brain. The persistence of this hormonal dysregulation after weight loss is collectively called obesogenic memory, and it seems to be largely mediated by dysbiosis.

Short conclusion
In conclusion, understanding of the influence of hormonal dysbiosis on re-obesity is fundamental in targeting the culprits behind ineffective attempts at weight loss sustenance, optimization of diet duration, use of synbiotics. Fecal and oral microbial transplantation hold high potential in improving long-term management interventions in obesity patients.
Using audit and feedback to guide tailored implementations of measurement-based care in community mental health: a multiple case study
Authors: Snider Mira D. H. , Boyd Meredith R. , Walker Madison R. , Powell Byron J. , Lewis Cara C. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Audit and feedback (A&F) is an implementation strategy that can facilitate implementation tailoring by identifying gaps between desired and actual clinical care. While there are several theory-based propositions on which A&F components lead to better implementation outcomes, many have not been empirically investigated, and there is limited guidance for stakeholders when applying A&F in practice. The current study aims to illustrate A&F procedures in six community mental health clinics, with an emphasis on reporting A&F components that are relevant to theories of how feedback elicits behavior change.

Methods
Six clinics from a larger trial using a tailored approach to implement measurement-based care (MBC) were analyzed for feedback content, delivery mechanisms, barriers to feedback, and outcomes of feedback using archival data. Pattern analysis was conducted to examine relations between A&F components and changes in MBC use.

Results
Several sites utilized both aggregate and individualized data summaries, and data accuracy concerns were common. Feedback cycles featuring individual-level clinician data, data relevant to MBC barriers, and information requested by data recipients were related to patterns of increased MBC use.

Conclusions
These findings support extant theory, such as Feedback Intervention Theory. Mental health professionals wishing to apply A&F should consider establishing reciprocal feedback mechanisms on the quality and amount of data being received and adopting specific roles communicating and addressing data quality concerns.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02266134.
Efficacy of threshold inspiratory muscle trainer versus diaphragmatic plus pursed lip breathing in occupational COPD
Authors: Mohammed Marwa , Mehani Sherin , Aziz Azza Abdel , Mohamed Maha Fathy , El Nahas Nesreen 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Smoking mainly induces COPD, but occupational threats play a significant role in the development of COPD. Previous studies concerning pulmonary rehabilitation mainly focus on COPD caused by smoking, but COPD induced by occupational hazards has not been studied yet. We aimed to identify the efficacy of IMT (Inspiratory Muscle training) using classic POWERbreathe versus DB (Diaphragmatic breathing) plus PLB (Pursed-lip Breathing) exercise in dyspnea, exercise capacity and pulmonary function parameters in occupational COPD farmers with moderate-to-severe COPD (GOLD II–III) FEV1% 30–79%.

Methods
A prospective supervised RCT (Randomized Controlled Trial) included 60 farmers with COPD assigned randomly into two groups; Group A performed IMT using a classic POWERbreathe, and Group B performed DB plus PLB. Both groups completed two daily sessions for three months, seven days/week.

Results
Between-group differences outcome scores were compared, and there was a more remarkable significant improvement in exercise capacity, lung parameters, and dyspnea using the mMRC scale in the IMT group compared to DB plus PLB group. The 6MWT distance (effect size Cohen’s d: 1.69), FEV1 (effect size Cohen’s d: 0.78), FEV1/FVC (effect size Cohen’s d: 0.86), FVC (effect size Cohen’s d: 1.01), and mMRC score (effect size Cohen's d: 1.12) were significantly improved in group A (p < 0.05).

Conclusion
This study demonstrated that the IMT group showed better exercise capacity, dyspnea, and pulmonary function outcomes in occupational COPD farmers. Further studies require COPD patients from different occupations.
Development of a robust and reliable reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method using analytical quality by design principles for the accurate determination of esculin in its bulk form
Authors: Patil Sarvesh , Adhyapak Anjana , Shetti Priya , Gurao Rohan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Analytical quality by design is a proactive, holistic, and data-driven approach to quality that emphasizes risk assessment and management. This can lead to more robust and reliable methods than traditional approaches. Using principles of analytical quality by design for method development can help to assure the quality and consistency of analytical methods. This is important for the pharmaceutical industry, where accurate and reproducible analytical methods are essential for ensuring drug safety, shelf life, and efficacy. Esculin is a naturally occurring derivative of coumarin that is found in the stems of the plant Aesculus indica. The present study describes the use of an analytical quality by design approach to develop and validate a reliable RP-HPLC method for the analysis of esculin bulk form.

Result
A central composite design was employed to optimize the percent of methanol in the mobile phase and flow rate for the analysis of a compound esculin using the RP-HPLC method. The optimized conditions were 43% methanol and 0.9 ml/min flow rate, with a retention time of 3.78 min, and Phenomenex Luna (5 µm × 250 mm, 4.6 mm) column was used. The method was found to be linear with a correlation coefficient of 0.9998 for a concentration range of 4–20 μg/ml. The parameters of the system suitability test were within the acceptable range (0.0612–0.1398%), and the precision for both intra-day and inter-day measurements was below 2%. The robustness and ruggedness of the method were also good, with changes in the flow rate and mobile phase composition having a minimal impact on the method's performance. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) values were reported to be 0.82891 μg/ml and 2.511 μg/ml, respectively. The validation parameters of the method adhered to the specified limit following the ICH guidelines.

Conclusion
In summary, an AQbD-based efficient and robust RP-HPLC chromatographic method has been developed for the quantification of the esculin compound. The method is linear, precise, and reproducible, and it has good LOD and LOQ values. The method could be used for repetitive analysis of the compound in pharmaceutical formulations.
Harnessing of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in agroecosystem sustainability
Authors: Fasusi Oluwaseun Adeyinka , Babalola Olubukola Oluranti , Adejumo Timothy Olubisi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Soil microorganisms including rhizobacteria and fungi play a key role in soil health, biodiversity and productivity of natural and managed ecosystems. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) associated with plant roots enhance the uptake of nutrient and improve productivity. Similarly, mycorrhizal fungi particularly, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), form a mutualistic association with plants and enhance nutrients uptake and consequently promote plant growth and productivity.

Methods
Here we show how harnessing beneficial soil microorganisms like PGPR and AMF with their positive effect on plant development can contribute to the green and clean economic growth strategy.

Results
Through a review of the state-of -art knowledge in this area we demonstrate that this approach can improve uptake of nutrients, enhance plant growth, yield and tolerance to biotic and abiotic stress. We argue that this approach can reduce the need for agrochemicals that destabilizes the ecological system.

Conclusions
This review provides a state-of-the-art synthesis of the knowledge generated so far and insight into the multifunctional strategies employed by AMF and PGPR toward ensuring sustainable agriculture.
Population mental health in Burma after 2021 military coup: online non-probability survey
Authors: Saw Htay-Wah , Owens Victoria , Morales Stephanie A. , Rodriguez Nicolas , Kern Christoph , Bach Ruben L. 
Published: August 2023

Background
Humanitarian crises and armed conflicts lead to a greater prevalence of poor population mental health. Following the 1 February 2021 military coup in Burma, the country's civilians have faced humanitarian crises that have probably caused rising rates of mental disorders. However, a dearth of data has prevented researchers from assessing the extent of the problem empirically.

Aims
To better understand prevalence of depressive and anxiety disorders among the Burmese adult population after the February 2021 military coup.

Method
We fielded an online non-probability survey of 7720 Burmese adults aged 18 and older during October 2021 and asked mental health and demographic questions. We used the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 to measure probable depression and anxiety in respondents. We also estimated logistic regressions to assess variations in probable depression and anxiety across demographic subgroups and by level of trust in various media sources, including those operated by the Burmese military establishment.

Results
We found consistently high rates of probable anxiety and depression combined (60.71%), probable depression (61%) and probable anxiety (58%) in the sample overall, as well as across demographic subgroups. Respondents who ‘mostly’ or ‘completely’ trusted military-affiliated media sources (about 3% of the sample) were significantly less likely than respondents who did not trust these sources to report symptoms of anxiety and depression (AOR = 0.574; 95% CI 0.370–0.889), depression (AOR = 0.590; 95% CI 0.383–0.908) or anxiety (AOR = 0.609; 95% CI 0.390–0.951).

Conclusions
The widespread symptoms of anxiety and depression we observed demonstrate the need for both continuous surveillance of the current situation and humanitarian interventions to address mental health needs in Burma.
A survey on football network analysis
Authors: Li Ming-Xia , Xu Li-Gong , Zhou Wei-Xing 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Being the world’s most popular sport, football research has traditionally concentrated on empirical summaries or statistics, with only limited data available in the past. In recent years, social network analysis has been applied to a variety of fields, which also brings new perspectives to the study of football sports. In this paper, we survey the literature related to football networks and discuss the use of network measures to analyze the performance of footballers and teams in different types of football networks. We aim to find out how to construct appropriate football networks based on different perspectives on football research. Various studies on football network analysis, including team performance, player interactions, and club behavior, are reviewed. The findings provide insights into team performance, player roles, and social dynamics within football teams and clubs.
Ways of Seeing, Ways of Being Seen
Authors: Cenatiempo Dantzel 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis article explores how Josephine Baker leveraged post–World War I European primitivism to subvert her mostly white male audience's voyeuristic gaze. Baker's youthful experiences with early twentieth-century American minstrelsy fostered many techniques, from cross-dressing to whiteface, that proved useful for navigating her sudden fame in Jazz Age Paris. In particular, Baker's subversive parody of her rival Mistinguett in La joie de Paris in 1932 demonstrates how skin color, despite becoming both fetish and fashion during the interwar period, still fell into colonial hierarchies. Baker used her body to resist this system, moving away from her two-dimensional public image as a nude banana dancer and closer to the World War II agent and antisegregation activist she would soon become. The theories of Sigmund Freud, Frantz Fanon, Joanne B. Eicher, and Laura Mulvey help elucidate how this 1932 performance, by destabilizing gendered and racialized stereotypes, marks a significant turning point in Baker's political consciousness.
Learning Curves for Robot-Assisted Pedicle Screw Placement: Analysis of Operative Time for 234 Cases
Authors: Jiang Kelly , Hersh Andrew M. , Bhimreddy Meghana , Weber-Levine Carly , Davidar A. Daniel , Menta Arjun K. , Routkevitch Denis , Alomari Safwan , Judy Brendan F. , Lubelski Daniel , Weingart Jon , Theodore Nicholas 
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Robot-assisted pedicle screw placement is associated with greater accuracy, reduced radiation, less blood loss, shorter hospital stays, and fewer complications than freehand screw placement. However, it can be associated with longer operative times and an extended training period. We report the initial experience of a surgeon using a robot system at an academic medical center.

METHODS:
We retrospectively reviewed all patients undergoing robot-assisted pedicle screw placement at a single tertiary care institution by 1 surgeon from 10/2017 to 05/2022. Linear regression, analysis of variance, and cumulative sum analysis were used to evaluate operative time learning curves. Operative time subanalyses for surgery indication, number of levels, and experience level were performed.

RESULTS:
In total, 234 cases were analyzed. A significant 0.19-minute decrease in operative time per case was observed (r = 0.14, P = .03). After 234 operations, this translates to a reduction in 44.5 minutes from the first to last case. A linear relationship was observed between case number and operative time in patients with spondylolisthesis (−0.63 minutes/case, r = 0.41, P < .001), 2-level involvement (−0.35 minutes/case, r = 0.19, P = .05), and 4-or-more-level involvement (−1.29 minutes/case, r = 0.24, P = .05). This resulted in reductions in operative time ranging from 39 minutes to 1.5 hours. Continued reductions in operative time were observed across the learning, experienced, and expert phases, which had mean operative times of 214, 197, and 146 minutes, respectively (P < .001). General proficiency in robot-assisted surgery was observed after the 20th case. However, 67 cases were required to reach mastery, defined as the inflection point of the cumulative sum curve.

CONCLUSION:
This study documents the long-term learning curve of a fellowship-trained spine neurosurgeon. Operative time significantly decreased with more experience. Although gaining comfort with robotic systems may be challenging or require additional training, it can benefit surgeons and patients alike with continued reductions in operative time.
Disrupting Hedgehog signaling in melanocytes by SUFU knockout leads to ocular melanocytosis and anterior segment malformation
Authors: Wang Weizhuo , Li Feiyang , Wang Jing , Liu Zuimeng , Tian Meiyu , Wang Zhenhang , Li Huirong , Qu Jia , Chen Yu , Hou Ling 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
Hedgehog (Hh) signaling is well known for its crucial role during development, but its specific role in individual cell lineages is less well characterized. Here, we disrupted Hh signaling specifically in melanocytes by using Cre-mediated cell-type-specific knockout of the Hh regulator suppressor of fused (Sufu). Interestingly, corresponding mice were fully pigmented and showed no developmental alterations in melanocyte numbers or distribution in skin and hair follicles. However, there were ectopic melanoblasts visible in the anterior chamber of the eye that eventually displayed severe malformation. Choroidal melanocytes remained unaltered. Surprisingly, the abnormal accumulation of anterior uveal melanoblasts was not the result of increased cell proliferation but of increased migration to ectopic locations such as the cornea. In melanoblasts in vitro, Sufu knockdown replicated the increase in cell migration without affecting proliferation and was mediated by an increased level of phosphorylated-ERK brought about by a reduction in the levels of the repressor form of GLI3. These results highlight the developmental divergence of distinct melanocyte subpopulations and may shed light on the pathogenesis of human ocular melanocytosis.
Getting to the heart of anatomical diversity and phenotypic plasticity: fish hearts are an optimal organ model in need of greater mechanistic study
Authors: Farrell Anthony P. 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
Natural selection has produced many vertebrate ‘solutions’ for the cardiac life-support system, especially among the approximately 30,000 species of fishes. For example, across species, fish have the greatest range for central arterial blood pressure and relative ventricular mass of any vertebrate group. This enormous cardiac diversity is excellent ground material for mechanistic explorations. Added to this species diversity is the emerging field of population-specific diversity, which is revealing that cardiac design and function can be tailored to a fish population's local environmental conditions. Such information is important to conservation biologists and ecologists, as well as physiologists. Furthermore, the cardiac structure and function of an individual adult fish are extremely pliable (through phenotypic plasticity), which is typically beneficial to the heart's function when environmental conditions are variable. Consequently, exploring factors that trigger cardiac remodelling with acclimation to new environments represents a marvellous opportunity for performing mechanistic studies that minimize the genetic differences that accompany cross-species comparisons. What makes the heart an especially good system for the investigation of phenotypic plasticity and species diversity is that its function can be readily evaluated at the organ level using established methodologies, unlike most other organ systems. Although the fish heart has many merits as an organ-level model to provide a mechanistic understanding of phenotypic plasticity and species diversity, bringing this potential to fruition will require productive research collaborations among physiologists, geneticists, developmental biologists and ecologists.
Comparative morphology of the whiskers and faces of mice (Mus musculus) and rats (Rattus norvegicus)
Authors: Bresee Chris S. , Belli Hayley M. , Luo Yifu , Hartmann Mitra J. Z. 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
Understanding neural function requires quantification of the sensory signals that an animal's brain evolved to interpret. These signals in turn depend on the morphology and mechanics of the animal's sensory structures. Although the house mouse (Mus musculus) is one of the most common model species used in neuroscience, the spatial arrangement of its facial sensors has not yet been quantified. To address this gap, the present study quantifies the facial morphology of the mouse, with a particular focus on the geometry of its vibrissae (whiskers). The study develops equations that establish relationships between the three-dimensional (3D) locations of whisker basepoints, whisker geometry (arclength, curvature) and the 3D angles at which the whiskers emerge from the face. Additionally, the positions of facial sensory organs are quantified relative to bregma-lambda. Comparisons with the Norway rat (Rattus norvegicus) indicate that when normalized for head size, the whiskers of these two species have similar spacing density. The rostral–caudal distances between facial landmarks of the rat are a factor of ∼2.0 greater than the mouse, while the scale of bilateral distances is larger and more variable. We interpret these data to suggest that the larger size of rats compared with mice is a derived (apomorphic) trait. As rodents are increasingly important models in behavioral neuroscience, the morphological model developed here will help researchers generate naturalistic, multimodal patterns of stimulation for neurophysiological experiments and allow the generation of synthetic datasets and simulations to close the loop between brain, body and environment.
Prey consumption does not restore hydration state but mitigates the energetic costs of water deprivation in an insectivorous lizard
Authors: Chabaud Chloé , Brusch George A. , Pellerin Anouk , Lourdais Olivier , Le Galliard Jean-François 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
To cope with limited availability of drinking water in their environment, terrestrial animals have developed numerous behavioral and physiological strategies including maintaining an optimal hydration state through dietary water intake. Recent studies performed in snakes, which are generalist carnivorous reptiles, suggest that the benefits of dietary water intake are negated by hydric costs of digestion. Most lizards are generalist insectivores that can shift their prey types, but firm experimental demonstration of dietary water intake is currently missing in these organisms. Here, we performed an experimental study in the common lizard Zootoca vivipara, a keystone mesopredator from temperate climates exhibiting a great diversity of prey in its mesic habitats, in order to investigate the effects of food consumption and prey type on physiological responses to water deprivation. Our results indicate that common lizards cannot improve their hydration state through prey consumption, irrespective of prey type, suggesting that they are primarily dependent upon drinking water. Yet, high-quality prey consumption reduced the energetic costs of water deprivation, potentially helping lizards to conserve a better body condition during periods of limited water availability. These findings have important implications for understanding the physiological responses of ectotherms to water stress, and highlight the complex interactions between hydration status, energy metabolism and feeding behavior in insectivorous lizards.