bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
O.1.2-1 ACTIVE-AGE@home: a home-based functional exercise program for community dwelling frail older adults: mixed method study
Authors: Vrancken Dimitri , Tambeur Jade , De Keyser Emma , De Smedt Elke , Belpaire Marianne , De Cauwer Sara , Willems Kathleen , De Clerck Ine , Beckwée David , Peersman Wim , Van de Velde Dominique , Lieten Siddhartha , Annemans Lieven , De Vriendt Patricia 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Purpose
The world population is ageing rapidly because of longer life expectancy and shrinking fertility rates. Not all older adults age in a healthy way. Evidence-based estimates indicate that 35-40% of the older adults are in a frail or prefrail state. Multi-component physical activity (PA) programs have shown to be effective to tackle frailty. However, only a scarce amount of the older adults succeed to overcome barriers towards PA. This pilot study aimed to examine the feasibility and acceptability of a home-based, functional PA program, ACTIVE-AGE@home, in frail community dwelling older adults.

Methods
In a mixed method design, a single-blind pragmatic randomized trial with two intervention groups (light (n = 29) and intensive (n = 18) version of ACTIVE-AGE@home) and one control group (n = 23) was conducted. In addition, qualitative data was collected through in-depth interviews, pre-and post-intervention, to reveal the participant’s subjective experience regarding the program.

Results
The arm curl test (p = 0.03), balance and gate (p = 0.052) and also independence, participation and health related quality of life (borderline significant) showed positive effects in favor for the most intensive version of ACTIVE-AGE@home compared to the control group. Nearly all participants in both intervention groups experienced positive effects regarding: fitness (90%), stability (80%), agility (70%), confidence (63%), resilient (90%) and 63% had less fear of falling. The training program was considered acceptable (95%).

Conclusion
Literature showed clear impact of PA on the physical, mental, emotional and social wellbeing of older adults. These findings were confirmed in this pilot study. ACTIVE-AGE@home shows great potential for further research. Therefore, starting 2023, the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of the updated ACTIVE-AGE@home program will be tested on a bigger scale.

Support/funding source
The pilot study was developed by funding of the Flemish Government at Artevelde University of Applied Sciences. The updated version of ACTIVE-AGE@home (2022-2026) is funded by The Research Foundation – Flanders (FWO) as a Applied Biomedical Research with a Primary Social finality.
O.1.2-3 Engaging middle aged and older adults to participate in physical activity interventions: a qualitative study into persuasive communication messages
Authors: Boekhout Janet , Hut Rieteke , Peels Denise 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Purpose
Among middle aged and older adults (&gt;50 years) (MAOA) insufficient PA is highly prevalent. Although many PA interventions for MAOA are effective in research settings, the actual impact on public health is often limited, due to low participation when implemented in real-life settings. The issue of low participation in PA interventions is well-documented, but most research so far seems to focus on demographic characteristics as potential explanations, rather than explanations that may lie within the actual communication about the intervention. Therefore, more insight in how persuasive communication can be applied when implementing PA interventions is relevant. This study examines the opinions of MAOA on how communication about PA interventions should be shaped.

Methods
We conducted 31 semi-structured interviews with MAOA. Recruitment was done by way of convenience sample, within the personal and professional network of the researchers. Thematic analysis was applied by using a-priori defined themes based on the persuasive communication theory of McGuire, i.e. the message, channel, source, receiver and target-behavior.

Results
Preliminary findings demonstrated that the message content, channel, and source should be aligned with certain demographics of the receiver. For example, the message should focus on social and mental benefits on PA, rather than referring to age-associated limitations or health benefits. In contrast to middle aged adults, the older adults seemed to dislike social media as channel. General practitioners were the preferred source to inform about interventions. Regarding the target behavior, words like “sports” should be avoided in favor of words like ‘being active’. Final results will be available within 3 months.

Conclusions
By identifying the features that MAOA prefer regarding the message, channel, source, receiver and target behavior of communication about PA intervention, relevant insights about how MAOA can be reached for interventions will be gained. This can contribute to moving beyond merely developing PA interventions that are proven effective in research settings, to implementing such interventions in a way that contributes to reaching sufficient numbers of MOAO to participate in PA interventions, thus substantially contributing to public health.

Support/Funding Source
This research was funded by ZonMw Implementation network Sports and PA.
O.1.2-9 Sex-related differences in free-living estimates of physical activity energy expenditure between older men and women
Authors: Karavirta Laura , Rantalainen Timo , Westgate Kate , Aittokoski Timo , Neuvonen Joona , Lipponen Jukka A , Turunen Katri , Nikander Riku , Portegijs Erja , Rantanen Taina , Brage Soren 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Purpose
Physical activity is often quantified as physical activity energy expenditure (PAEE), which may be affected by individual ability to sustain physical activity intensity. We examined if there is a true difference in physical activity between older women and men when their physical capacity is considered.

Methods
Out of the population-based sample of 1021 (75-85-year-old) adults (62 % women), 410 wore an accelerometer (100 Hz) and a single-channel ECG monitor (250 Hz) for at least 3 days in free-living. A treadmill walk calibration and previously validated equations were used to estimate PAEE from combined acceleration and heart rate sensing using branched equation modelling. Preferred walking speed in a six-minute walking test, fat free mass (FFM) using bioimpedance and isometric maximal leg extension strength scaled to FFM were measured. Independent t-test, Pearson correlation and hierarchical multiple regression were used for statistical analyses.

Results
PAEE was 41.4 (14.2) kJ/kg/day for men, which was significantly higher (p &lt; 0.001) than the PAEE 34.8 (10.9) for women. Walking speed (1.2 (0.2) vs. 1.1 (0.2) m/s), FFM (56.9 (6.5) vs. 42.1 (4.8) kg) and maximal strength (7.4 (1.8) vs. 6.7 (1.8) N/kg) were higher in men than in women (all p &lt; 0.001). PAEE was significantly associated with walking speed (r = 0.44, p &lt; 0.001), FFM (r = 0.26, p &lt; 0.001), and maximal strength (r = 0.26, p &lt; 0.001). In the regression analysis, 22 % of the variation in PAEE was explained by walking speed, FFM and maximal strength combined (F = 37.8, p &lt; 0.001), whereas adding sex did not improve the model (F = 28.9, p &lt; 0.001). The strongest predictor of PAEE was preferred walking speed (standardized beta=0.35, p &lt; 0.001).

Conclusions
The results indicate that the observed difference in physical activity volume between sexes was largely explained by physical characteristics, especially the faster preferred walking speed of men compared to women. Free-living physical activity is largely comprised of habitual walking especially in older people which makes walking speed a significant contributor of daily PAEE. Walking speed could be measured more widely in physical activity counselling and health care settings as a potential underlying factor of low physical activity in older people.

Support/Funding Sources
European Research Council, Academy of Finland and Yrjö Jahnsson Foundation.
O.1.2-10 Intergenerational co-production to increase physical activity and social connectivity for health in the GOALD project (Generating Older Active Lives Digitally)
Authors: Whittaker Anna C , Tomaz Simone A , Bradwell Hannah , Ritchie John , Edwards Katie , Cooper Leonie , Hennessy Catherine , Jones Ray , Haynes Richard , Ryde Gemma C , Coffee Pete ,   on behalf of the GOALD Research Team,   the GOALD Advisory Group
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Purpose
The Generating Older Active Lives Digitally (GOALD) project aimed to explore how to use digital technology to keep older people physically active and socially connected for health and wellbeing. This project took a novel inclusive interdisciplinary approach working with a range of collaborating organisations to review and co-design digital technologies that support social connectedness, through physical activity, and sport reminiscence. This presentation presents the outcomes from Phase 1 where researchers engaged with an advisory group to determine key challenges and potential outcomes of intergenerational engagement with digital technology for health and wellbeing.

Methods
Participants were 28 individuals with experience in working with older people (range: 1-41 years) across different contexts (e.g., nursing care, social work, family care) and with some themselves being older (age range: 32-79 years). Over eight months, advisory group members were invited to ten 1hr meetings facilitated by GOALD researchers to help develop data collection measures, and address recruitment issues for future co-production and design plans. Recordings were transcribed and subjected to thematic content analysis.

Results
Challenges identified at advisory group meetings worked as a proxy for anticipated challenges as the GOALD project unfolded. Examples of key challenges were continuing COVID-19 restrictions in England and Scotland, internet disruptions, care home staffing, and family responsibilities. The shared expertise from the advisory group through their working and lived experiences helped to direct and refine the next steps of the GOALD project, including appropriate survey design, awareness of the contextual realities of research in care homes, and appropriate consideration of people with different abilities.

Conclusions
Lessons learned about how challenges such as the care home context, timing, technical support, and competing priorities influence co-produced research helps to inform researchers on how to approach intergenerational and/or co-productive research methods and design of tools to enhance older adult health and wellbeing through physical activity and sport.

Support/Funding Source
This project has received funding from the UKRI and ESRC Healthy Ageing Social Behavioural and Design Research Programme (SBDRP) grant No ES/V016113/1. https://www.plymouth.ac.uk/research/centre-for-health-technology/goald
O.1.3-1 Senior stakeholder views and experience of
cross-sector engagement and collaboration to improve long-term health and wellbeing in Wales
Authors: Kolovou Vasiliki , Bolton Nicola , Crone Diane 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Purpose
We aimed to explore the challenges and opportunities to developing and implementing a strategic long-term national physical activity, health and wellbeing strategy. Wales has created innovative legislation through the Wellbeing of Future Generations (Wales) Act 2015 (WBFGA) and continues to drive progress on long-term strategies for health and wellbeing, with physical activity as a key outcome.

Methods
Senior stakeholders (n = 11) that held leadership roles within the sport, environment, central/ local government, healthcare and public health participated in semi-structured, in-depth interviews (July - September 2022). The interviews were transcribed and analysed through Braun & Clarke’s (2014) thematic analysis using NVivo software.

Results
The major themes related to: influencing within and outside the leaders’ own organisation; advocating long-term health strategies; protecting the allocated resources to long-term health outcomes from short-term pressures; and disruptive changes such as Covid-19 and government election cycles. The participants felt that physical activity is relevant to multiple strategies and departments within government, so resources should be “pooled together” across central government budgets to meet the needs of the populations and deliver on long-term strategies. Spanning sector and organisation boundaries was viewed as essential by all senior leaders and some noted that partnerships should be led with purpose and authenticity. The innovative WBFGA was mentioned as the key facilitator for creating shared accountability and a shared vision for Wales. The relatively small size of Wales was noted as an additional facilitator to forging positive and long-standing relationships with individuals and organisations. The participants recognised a key element of their leadership role which was engaging and collaborating with strong intent and authenticity.

Conclusions
The value and role of spanning boundaries to promote and establish long-term strategies for physical activity, health and wellbeing remains largely uncaptured and not well understood. This study contributed to understanding the perspectives of senior leaders, from diverse sectors, on developing and implementing long-term health strategies. The contemporary shift towards whole systems approaches and long-term partnerships to deliver healthier future generations, will require better understanding of what works for engaging wider stakeholders and maintaining momentum to a shared agenda.
O.1.3-2 Development and implementation of physical activity policies at national and subnational levels: a pilot study in Latin American countries
Authors: Grueso Juliana Mejía , Pratt Michael , Resendiz Eugen , Cruz Gloria Isabel Niño , Gómez Nubia Yaneth Ruiz , Gómez Rafael Alexander Leandro , Sánchez Inés Revuelta , Vargas Gerardo Alonso Araya , Avilés Angélica María Ochoa , Jáuregui Alejandra , Salvo Deborah , Varela Andrea Ramírez 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Purpose
National physical activity (PA) policy processes are only beginning to be documented, and the interaction between the actors involved in these processes remains understudied. This study was designed to gain further insights into the policy process (agenda setting, policy formulation, adoption, implementation, evaluation) and the interaction between national and subnational levels.

Methods
We conducted a pilot study to assess the feasibility and scalability of an instrument to assess the PA policy process as part of the work of the Global Physical Activity Observatory (GoPA!). The instrument was tested in Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, and Mexico, where pilot data were collected in matched pairs of the capital plus one non-capital city among national and subnational policy makers (n = 24), as identified by the GoPA! Country Contacts. Descriptive statistics were calculated to assess perceptions on the influences and interactions across the two levels with respect to PA policy development, implementation, and evaluation.

Results
Twenty-two (response rate=85.7%) key informants provided data, mostly from the health sector (54.5%), followed by sports (27.3%), education (9.1%), and transport (9.1%) government institutions. Most participants reported that their countries have a current PA policy embedded within a noncommunicable diseases prevention plan (50.0%), other plan (41.7%), or a plan to prevent, manage, or control obesity (8.3%). Respondents at the subnational level rated PA promotion as central (75.0%), while at the national level the role was important but not central (75.0%). Across the five stages of the policy process, national and subnational policy makers reported low-to-little involvement in the other level’s PA policy processes.

Conclusions
This pilot study demonstrated the feasibility of collecting national and subnational PA policy data across countries with the active collaboration of the GoPA! network Country Contacts. Also, we successfully identified the degree of interaction between government levels throughout the PA policy process. Initial results suggest that engagement between national and subnational levels is suboptimal.

Funding
Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia; University of California San Diego, USA.
O.1.3-8 How reliable, valid and readable are brief physical activity questionnaires? Results of a systematic review
Authors: Tcymbal Antonina , Abu-Omar Karim , Messing Sven , Gelius Peter , Rakovac Ivo 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Purpose
Accurate and fast measurement of physical activity is important for surveillance. However, it is currently not clear which of the brief physical activity questionnaires (PAQ) is the most reliable, valid and easy to use. The aim of this systematic review was to identify existing brief PAQs, as well as to describe and compare their measurement properties and level of readability.

Methods
We performed a systematic review based on the PRISMA statement. Literature searches were conducted in six scientific databases in March 2022. Articles were included if they evaluated validity and/or reliability of brief (i.e. with a maximum of three questions) physical activity or exercise questionnaires intended for healthy adults. Due to the heterogeneity of studies, data were summarized narratively. The level of readability was calculated according to the Flesch-Kincaid formula.

Results
Overall, 34 articles published in English or Spanish were included, assessing 31 unique brief PAQs. Overall, studies showed moderate to good reliability levels of the PAQs. The majority of results showed weak validity of brief PAQs against objective measurements and weak to moderate validity against other PAQs. Most of the assessed PAQs met the criterion of “short” and can be read by respondents themselves or aloud by an interviewer in less than one minute. However, only 17 questionnaires have a readability level that can be easily understood by the majority of the population.

Conclusions
This review identified numerous different brief PAQs, but most of them were evaluated with only a single study. Ways of assessing measurement properties varied widely between studies, limiting comparability between PAQs and making it difficult to suggest one tool as the most suitable. Questionnaires use different concepts of measuring PA so that the choice of tool will be based not only on measurement properties but also on assessment aims. Future developments or adaptations of PAQs should consider readability levels as an important factor.

Support/Funding Source
no outside funding.
O.2.1-1 Development of a physical activity prescription by practitioners using a modified-Delphi method
Authors: Lion Alexis , Worth Michael J , Urhausen Axel , Theisen Daniel , Delagardelle Charles 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Purpose
In Luxembourg, only a small minority of patients with chronic diseases regularly participate in therapeutical physical activity (PA) organised by dedicated associations. As recommended by the World Health Organisation (WHO), the practitioners should advise their patients to be active. However, Luxembourg practitioners only provide PA counselling to 1 in 4 of their patients. In this context, we aimed to develop a PA prescription (PAP) that would help efficiently promote PA by Luxembourg practitioners.

Methods
We used a modified-Delphi method which is an iterative survey method to obtain experts opinion with the aim of establishing a consensus. In the first phase, 17 independent experts (medical doctors, sport and exercise scientists, physiotherapists) developed an initial PAP model (the front page contained the PAP, and the reverse page the WHO recommendations, examples of good practice, and contact information) and its user guide. They also created a questionnaire evaluating the front page of the PAP using 39 5-point Likert-scale questions (ranging from totally disagree to totally agree), and the reverse page of the PAP and its user guide using one 5-point Likert-scale question each. In the second phase, this questionnaire was sent to a panel of Luxembourg practitioners. The questions that had not reached consensus among the panellists were sent anew, with the results concerning these items, for re-evaluation.

Results
The panel included sixty-six medical doctors. Of the 39 items on the front page of the PAP, six did not reach consensus and had to be re-evaluated in a 2nd round, in which 50 practitioners participated. After this 2nd round, four items still did not reach consensus and were made optional. As of the first round, a consensus was reached concerning the reverse page of the PAP and its user guide.

Conclusion
This modified-Delphi study has enabled the development of a consensual and valuable tool for the promotion of PA by practitioners for practitioners. At present, this tool has yet to be implemented, preferably in the framework of a national PA promotion program that addresses the public health challenges associated with physical inactivity.

Support/Funding Source
No funding.
O.2.1-3 Exercise Referral Schemes in the UK: mapping provision and aims
Authors: Jane Ben , Downey John 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Purpose
A common physical activity intervention in the UK is that of an Exercise Referral Scheme (ERS) where a health professional is able to signpost a service user towards local physical activity opportunities, often in a local sports centre (Bully et al., 2015). While there have been a number of reviews over recent decades, the provision of ERS’s across the UK is far from standardised (Oliver et al., 2021).
The purpose of this study was to outline the provision of ERS across England and to examine how the schemes are framed and communicated in terms of their content, purpose, and approach.

Methods
A database was established and systematic searching online was conducted to collect the online details of exercise referral schemes from every region in the country. Each programme’s online information was then analysed using a Content Analysis approach as it offers a “systematic, objective, quantitative analysis of message characteristics” (Neuendorf, 2016, p. 1). This method has been commonly used to engage with publicly available data in a range of web-based materials as it can be an excellent way of examining patterns and trends in communication across multiple sources (Kim & Kuljis, 2010).

Results
625 unique sites were identified across 168 distinct geographical footprints. Stated delivery partners included the leisure provider (91%), at sometimes one other partner (24%). 57% were listed as being 12 weeks in duration with 10% longer and 27% not stating the duration. Many of the projects did not have a stated aim (37%) although many (36%) outlined the general benefits of being physically active. 18% identified mental health as a benefit and only 10% mentioned anything about socialising or meeting other people.

Conclusions
This study found that the information publicly available on ERS schemes in England is inconsistent and often lacking in detail. Implications are that schemes should consider and then publish specific aims and objectives, and more broadly consider how they communicate the details of their programmes to stakeholders and potential participants.

Support/Funding Source
No funding was received to undertake this project