bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Failure and moral distinction in a Ukrainian marketplace of ideas
Authors: Fedirko Taras 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis essay examines the generative effects of claiming moral failure within a Ukrainian liberal movement for media reform in post‐Maidan, pre‐invasion Ukraine. The reformers wished to reorganize news reporting around the ideals of autonomy, balanced objectivity, impartiality, and corrigibility, which they believed underpinned Western media. They decried most Ukrainian media as failing such standards, highlighting the individual moral failure of journalists bankrolled by oligarchs in return for favourable media representation. In turn, those from whom the reformers tried to distinguish themselves morally mocked them as ‘grant‐eaters’ for their dependence on Western democracy promotion grants. This tussle pitted material success against yearnings for moral and professional probity. Developing Selka's idea of moral distinction, I argue that while the reformers’ pursuit of virtuous difference was sincere, their structural vulnerability vis‐à‐vis the mainstream media also made morality more salient as the basis for agonistic differentiation.
Socioeconomic burden of trypanosomiasis: Evidence from crop and livestock production in Ethiopia
Authors: Abro Zewdu , Fetene Gebeyehu Manie , Kassie Menale , Melesse Tigist Mekonnen 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis paper estimates the impact of trypanosomiasis on crop‐livestock production, economic loss and poverty in Ethiopia. We use unique panel data to estimate how the disease affects livestock deaths, production costs and crop production. We then use these estimates to evaluate the disease's total economic loss and its implications on poverty in the study districts and the country. Estimates of the fixed effect regression models indicate that trypanosomiasis increases the value of livestock deaths by 33% and production costs by 63%. Crop production decreases by 14% when trypanosomiasis and oxen death coexist. We estimate that the direct economic loss is about US$58,300 per annum in the study districts. The estimated countrywide economic loss is about US$94 million per annum. Had the government prevented this economic loss and invested it in social protection programmes, it could have lifted about 9000 people in the study districts and about 200,000 people in the country above the national poverty line per annum. These findings indicate that trypanosomiasis remains a major production constraint. Controlling the disease appears to be pro‐poor, calling for more policy attention.
Assessment of post‐mortem submersion interval using total aquatic decomposition scores of drowned human cadavers
Authors: Dalal Jyoti , Sharma Sapna , Bhardwaj Tapeshwar , Dhattarwal S. K. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractInvestigating drowning‐related deaths remains a significant problem for forensic personnel all over the world. The previously published decomposition scoring method like the total aquatic decomposition (TAD) score promises to estimate the correct post‐mortem submersion interval (PMSI) in aquatic habitats through the assessment and calculation of the decomposition rate and accumulated degree days (ADD). The current study comprised of 53 drowned death cases belonging to various districts of Haryana from May 2016 to August 2017. The regression and Pearson's correlation indicated a significant correlation between the TAD scores and the actual ADD (calculated through water temperatures) (r2 = 0.917) and between the actual and the estimated ADDs (calculated through TAD scores used by Heaton et al. [21]) (r = 0.9585). The results indicated that the estimated ADD tends to over predict the PMSI compared to the actual ADD. It is further confirmed by paired t‐test, which showed the mean of actual ADD (mean = 349) to be significantly lower than the mean of estimated ADD (mean = 663). Moreover, these methods will help forensic investigators and researchers formulate region‐specific regression equations for PMSI estimation.
Conventional and innovative extraction technologies to produce food‐grade hop extracts: Influence on bitter acids content and volatile organic compounds profile
Authors: Santarelli Veronica , Neri Lilia , Carbone Katya , Macchioni Valentina , Faieta Marco , Pittia Paola 
Published: February 2023

AbstractHop extracts represent a natural alternative to synthetic food additives because of their high content of bitter acids and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) with bittering, flavoring, and antimicrobial properties. However, broader uses of hop extracts as natural techno‐functional ingredients rely on the identification of sustainable and affordable extraction technologies allowing to diversify the processes and produce extracts characterized by different compositions and, consequently, qualitative properties.Thus, this study is aimed to evaluate and compare the effect of innovative and conventional extraction methods on the bitter acids content and VOCs pattern of food‐grade ethanolic hop extracts for food applications.Innovative extractions were carried out by using two ultrasound systems (a laboratory bath [US] and a high‐power ultrasound bath [HPUS]), and a high‐pressure industrial process (high hydrostatic pressure [HHP]). Conventional extractions (CONV) were performed under dynamic maceration at 25 and 60°C; for ultrasound and conventional methods, the effect of the extraction time was also investigated.Among the extracts, the highest and lowest content of bitter acids was found in CONV 60°C extracts, and HHP and CONV 25°C extracts, respectively. Of the 34 VOCs identified in dry hops, ∼24 compounds were found in US, HPUS and CONV extracts, while only 18 were found in HHP. CONV extractions showed higher selectivity for sesquiterpenes, while US and HPUS showed higher selectivity for esters and monoterpenes. Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and partial least squares‐discriminant analysis (PLS‐DA) allowed classifying hop extracts based on the extraction methods and also allowed highlighting the technological conditions to produce hop extracts with specific techno‐functional and flavoring properties.Practical ApplicationThe study showed that different extraction methods can lead to hop products with varying sensory and functional properties. By selecting the right extraction method, companies can produce hop extracts with specific compositions that meet their needs for clean label and sustainable food products, as well as new edible packaging or coatings.
Quality assessment of rose tea with different drying methods based on physicochemical properties, HS–SPME–GC–MS, and GC–IMS
Authors: Liu Zhen , Liu Ling‐Xiao , Han Qing‐Dian , Dong Gui‐Zhi , Wang Bin , Zhang Ji‐Fang , Lei Sheng‐Ming , Liu Yun‐Guo 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to compare the physicochemical properties and volatile flavor compounds of rose tea obtained by the methods of normal temperature drying, hot‐air drying (HAD), and vacuum freeze‐drying (VFD) and to evaluate the quality of rose tea. The physicochemical results showed that the content of ascorbic acid (VC) and the pH value was the highest in rose tea obtained by HAD. The contents of anthocyanin, proanthocyanidins, and total phenols were highest in rose tea obtained by VFD. However, there was no significant difference in total flavonoids between drying methods. The volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in rose tea with different drying methods were analyzed by headspace solid‐phase microextraction–gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy (HS–SPME–GC–MS) and HS GC–ion mobility spectroscopy (HS–GC–IMS), and the flavor fingerprint of rose tea was established by principal component analysis (PCA). The concentration of VOCs in rose tea varied greatly with different drying methods. The main flavor compounds of rose tea were alcohols, esters, aldehydes, and terpenoids. HS–GC–IMS was used for the identification of volatile flavor compounds of rose tea, thereby helping to assess the quality of rose tea. In addition, the rose tea samples with different drying methods were well distinguished by PCA. This study deepens the understanding of the physicochemical properties and volatile flavor compounds of rose tea with different drying methods and provides a reference for the identification of rose tea with different drying methods.Practical ApplicationThis study deepens the understanding of the physicochemical properties and volatile flavor compounds of rose tea with different drying methods and provides a reference for the identification of rose tea with different drying methods. It also provides an effective theoretical basis for consumers to buy rose tea.
RoboFinch: A versatile audio‐visual synchronised robotic bird model for laboratory and field research on songbirds
Authors: Simon Ralph , Varkevisser Judith , Mendoza Ezequiel , Hochradel Klaus , Elsinga Rogier , Wiersma Peter G. , Middelburg Esmee , Zoeter Eva , Scharff Constance , Riebel Katharina , Halfwerk Wouter 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Singing in birds is accompanied by beak, head and throat movements. The role of these visual cues has long been hypothesised to be an important facilitator in vocal communication, including social interactions and song acquisition, but has seen little experimental study.

To address whether audio‐visual cues are relevant for birdsong we used high‐speed video recording, 3D scanning, 3D printing technology and colour‐realistic painting to create RoboFinch, an open source adult‐mimicking robot which matches temporal and chromatic properties of songbird vision. We exposed several groups of juvenile zebra finches during their song developmental phase to one of six singing robots that moved their beaks synchronised to their song and compared them with birds in a non‐synchronised and two control treatments.

Juveniles in the synchronised treatment approached the robot setup from the start of the experiment and progressively increased the time they spent singing, contra to the other treatment groups. Interestingly, birds in the synchronised group seemed to actively listen during tutor song playback, as they sung less during the actual song playback compared to the birds in the asynchronous and audio‐only control treatments.

Our open source RoboFinch setup thus provides an unprecedented tool for systematic study of the functionality and integration of audio‐visual cues associated with song behaviour. Realistic head and beak movements aligned to specific song elements may allow future studies to assess the importance of multisensory cues during song development, sexual signalling and social behaviour. All software and assembly instructions are open source, and the robot can be easily adapted to other species. Experimental manipulations of stimulus combinations and synchronisation can further elucidate how audio‐visual cues are integrated by receivers and how they may enhance signal detection, recognition, learning and memory.
Theory analysis and evaluation of emancipatory nursing praxis: A theory of social justice in nursing
Authors: Elliott Tiffany H. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this paper was to analyze and evaluate the middle‐range theory, emancipatory nursing praxis (ENP): a theory of social justice in nursing.MethodsPeterson and Bredow's method was utilized to complete the theory evaluation. The theory was evaluated systematically to ensure the appropriateness of application for research in nursing education and transforming nursing students into social justice allies.FindingsThe ENP theory has not been widely used since its introduction in 2017, although it is even more relevant today after the revelation of profound societal inequities during the pandemic. The theory lacks testing and empirical indicators for utilization in nursing practice.ConclusionENP addresses the mandate from the American Association of Colleges of Nursing for nurse educators to foster the development of students as social justice leaders and competent caregivers across the life span. This theory provides a framework to apply in nursing education to improve the professional competency in social justice and disparities. However, further research is needed to develop tools to measure outcomes and generalizability.Implications for nursing practiceENP middle‐range theory could support nursing educators and nursing programs to develop learning strategies and curricula to facilitate nursing students’ knowledge and application in social justice advocates, allies, and leaders, thus improving individual, community, and global health outcomes.
A cluster‐randomized trial of two implementation strategies to deliver audit and feedback in the EQUIPPED medication safety program
Authors: Vaughan Camille P. , Burningham Zach , Kelleher Jessica L. , McGwin Gerald , Jasien Christine L. , Hastings S. Nicole , Stevens Melissa B. , Morris Isis , Jackson George L. ,   The EQUIPPED VA Implementation QI Group
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectivesThe Enhancing the Quality of Prescribing Practices for Older Adults Discharged from the Emergency Department (EQUIPPED) medication safety program involves three core components including provider education, clinical decision support, and audit and feedback using the American Geriatrics Society Beers Criteria to determine potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs). This study evaluated implementation of audit and feedback through a centralized informatics‐based dashboard compared to academic detailing delivered one on one by an EQUIPPED champion.MethodsIn a cluster‐randomized study (October 2019–September 2021), eight VA emergency department (EDs) implemented either the academic detailing (n = 4) or the dashboard (n = 4) strategy for the audit and feedback component of EQUIPPED. The primary outcome was the monthly proportion of PIMs prescribed to Veterans 65 years or older at ED discharge. Poisson regression was used to evaluate the proportion of PIMs prescribed 6 months prior to EQUIPPED implementation compared to 12 months following implementation.ResultsEight VA ED sites successfully implemented the EQUIPPED program. During the 6‐month baseline period, the academic detailing and dashboard sites had similar PIM prescribing rates of 8.01% for academic detailing versus 8.04% for dashboard (p = 0.90). Comparing 12 months of prescribing data after EQUIPPED implementation, the academic detailing group significantly improved PIM prescribing (7.07%) compared to the dashboard group (8.10%; odds ratio 1.14, 95% confidence interval 1.08–1.22,p ≤ 0.0001). Within the groups, two of the four academic detailing sites demonstrated statistically significant reductions in PIM prescribing. One of the four dashboard sites achieved nearly 50% relative reduction in PIM prescribing.ConclusionsEight VA EDs successfully implemented the core components of the EQUIPPED program amid the unprecedented challenges posed by the COVID‐19 pandemic. While the academic detailing approach to EQUIPPED audit and feedback was more effective at the group level to improve safe prescribing for older Veterans discharged from the ED, the trial suggests that dashboard‐based audit and feedback is a reasonable strategy in resource‐limited settings.
The wolf and the city: insights on wolves' conservation in the anthropocene
Authors: Zanni M. , Brogi R. , Merli E. , Apollonio M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAfter a long period of human persecution that led it to extinction in most of its distribution range, the wolf is undergoing a fast recovery. Despite being described as an elusive species only living in remote areas, wolves are recently occupying also human‐dominated landscapes, increasing the frequency of direct contacts with humans. Nevertheless, it is unclear whether this situation is only caused by a numerical increase or partially facilitated by a higher tolerance of wolves with respect to human proximity. We focused on a European region offering an abundant, widespread and long‐term monitored wolf population to analyse wolf pack distribution and its relationship with human presence across areas recolonized across four different time periods (1972, 1996, 2005 and 2016). Throughout areas recolonized during different periods, wolves were initially located in mountains and hills, occupying plains only in the recent past. Although they consistently tended to be located as far as possible from urban settlements, especially from those with over 5000 inhabitants, in 2016, 70% of packs included at least one urban settlement within the expected home range. Moreover, the distance kept by wolves from the nearest urban settlement was more constrained in areas of recent recolonization (2005 and 2016) and in the mountainous altitudinal range, likely due to a reduced availability of territories. We showed that wolves tend to keep as far away as possible from humans, but they can also permanently occupy human‐dominated landscapes to cope with the lower availability of space induced by their remarkably successful recolonization. Our results shed light on an upcoming scenario for the conservation of large carnivores.
Reassessing fossorial herpetofaunal density in sand forest following declines of mesoherbivore populations
Authors: Jordaan Philip R. , Measey John , Hanekom Catharine C. , Combrink Xander 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe proliferation in mesoherbivore numbers and their associated impact on the detrital ground cover were deemed responsible for the decline in fossorial herpetofaunal densities in Ndumo Game Reserve during the early 2000s. Subsequent increased poaching pressure and wildlife declines allowed the reassessment of the sand forest fossorial herpetofaunal community to test this assumption. We found no significant increase in the two most abundant soil‐living reptiles despite significant mesoherbivore declines. This may indicate that either fossorial herpetofaunal numbers increase very slowly, or that the initial two survey methodologies were incomparable. Alternatively, some unknown environmental factor may be suppressing populations or the survey results are not representative of the fossorial herpetofaunal community.
Ozone Sauna Therapy (OST) and Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Therapy (PEMF) delivered via the HOCATT machine could improve endometriosis pain along with lowering serum inflammatory markers
Authors: Merhi Zaher , Emdin Daniella , Bosman Lisa , Incledon Thomas , Smith Andre Hugo 
Published: February 2023

AbstractProblemEndometriosis, a common and challenging condition, is a pelvic inflammatory condition that causes chronic pelvic pain (CPP) and infertility. Even though standard medical therapies and surgeries can help CPP, a large percentage of women remain symptomatic following the conventional treatments. Thus, there is a need to study new non‐traditional therapeutic adjuncts in this patient population to improve their quality of life. One non‐traditional therapeutic agent is Ozone Sauna Therapy (OST) which has been shown to have an anti‐inflammatory action, but no studies have been performed to assess the efficacy of OST in women with endometriosis suffering with CPP. Another non‐traditional therapeutic agent is Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Therapy (PEMF) where one small pilot study has shown that PEMF exposure to women with endometriosis and pelvic pain showed dramatic relief in symptoms.Method of StudyThe HOCATT machine, by delivering a combination of both OST and PEMF in one machine, has been shown to improve fertility treatment outcome via in vitro fertilization (IVF) in older women by potentially improving oocyte quality. This study was conducted to assess the effect of the HOCATT machine use on the pain scale in patients struggling with CPP due to endometriosis. In the first study, eight women with endometriosis were administered transdermal and intravaginal OST + PEMF, twice a week for 3 weeks (total of 6 sessions). Once a week, the participants were asked to fill a pain scale. In the second study, 10 women were recruited in order to evaluate the changes in serum inflammatory markers following OST + PEMF exposure after 3‐week period using the HOCATT machine twice a week (total of 6 sessions).ResultsThe participants had a mean age of 39.7 ± 1.1 years. The results showed a significant improvement in pain scale following the fourth session (p < .05) and a significant drop in serum levels of the inflammatory markers CRP (p = .0438) and IL‐1β (p = .0031) and a significant increase in serum levels of IL‐8 (p = .033).ConclusionsThis pilot study suggests that a combination of OST and PEMF using the HOCATT machine could potentially represent potential therapeutic adjuncts for women with inflammatory disorders such as endometriosis. There is a definite need for larger cohort studies and even randomized trials in order to better assess the efficacy of OST and PEMF in women with other inflammatory disorders.
“You don't go there”: Spatial Strategies of Stigma Negotiation in a Post‐Industrial Town
Authors: Pattison James 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis paper draws on a multimethod ethnographic study, conducted between 2016 and 2017 in Shirebrook, Derbyshire, England—a small and relatively isolated deindustrialising colliery town—examining how residents negotiate living in stigmatised territory. In doing so, microspatial strategies of distancing, avoidance, and deflection are illustrated, revealing how residents reassign and deepen stigma in particular locations within a stigmatised territory. This highlights the relationship between social and physical space, and while spatial strategies of negotiation do not mitigate stigma, they do (re)produce internal social hierarchies within a place that is homogenised from the outside through disparaging narratives. A key contribution reveals the significance of the racialised production of space in shaping how territorial stigma is negotiated within this distinct socio‐spatial location. Residents use strategies to redirect the stigma toward those seen as out of place and draw attention away from sticky sites of racialised urban stigma towards symbols of unspoilt rural Englishness.
Data integration and analysis for circadian medicine
Authors: Baum Lena , Johns Marco , Poikela Maija , Möller Ralf , Ananthasubramaniam Bharath , Prasser Fabian 
Published: February 2023

AbstractData integration, data sharing, and standardized analyses are important enablers for data‐driven medical research. Circadian medicine is an emerging field with a particularly high need for coordinated and systematic collaboration between researchers from different disciplines. Datasets in circadian medicine are multimodal, ranging from molecular circadian profiles and clinical parameters to physiological measurements and data obtained from (wearable) sensors or reported by patients. Uniquely, data spanning both the time dimension and the spatial dimension (across tissues) are needed to obtain a holistic view of the circadian system. The study of human rhythms in the context of circadian medicine has to confront the heterogeneity of clock properties within and across subjects and our inability to repeatedly obtain relevant biosamples from one subject. This requires informatics solutions for integrating and visualizing relevant data types at various temporal resolutions ranging from milliseconds and seconds to minutes and several hours. Associated challenges range from a lack of standards that can be used to represent all required data in a common interoperable form, to challenges related to data storage, to the need to perform transformations for integrated visualizations, and to privacy issues. The downstream analysis of circadian rhythms requires specialized approaches for the identification, characterization, and discrimination of rhythms. We conclude that circadian medicine research provides an ideal environment for developing innovative methods to address challenges related to the collection, integration, visualization, and analysis of multimodal multidimensional biomedical data.