bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of The Effect of Deforestation Rates on Air Pollution Concentration and Land Surface Temperature Using Landsat-8 Imagery with Google Earth Engine (Case Study: East Kalimantan Province, 2019-2020)
Authors: Viedra Ghinaa Gooniyyah Zalsabilla , Sukojo Bangun Muljo 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The increase in population triggers an increase in deforestation rates. According to data from Ministry of Environment and Forestry, East Kalimantan’s highest deforestation rate reached 54.8 thousand hectares in 2018-2019. This study analyzed the effect of deforestation rates on air pollutant concentrations (SO2 and NO2) and land surface temperature (LST) in East Kalimantan in 2019-2020 with Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform using Landsat 8 Level 2 surface reflectance imagery. The TIR channel was converted into brightness temperature which further used as the input in LST estimation using Mono-Window Algorithm, SO2 estimation using Hasan Algorithm (2014), and NO2 estimation using Alseroury Algorithm (2015). During 2019-2020, the average LST value was 24.2 °C, which was increased by 2.0 °C from the previous year. The maximum NO2 concentration was 189.771 g/m3. The annual average NO2 concentration increased by 0.757 g/m³ from the previous year. The maximum concentration of SO2 was 0.521 ppm. The annual average SO2 concentration increased by 0.011 ppm from the previous year. To determine the effect of deforestation rates on the concentration of SO2, NO2 and LST, the Pearson correlation test was carried out. The correlation coefficient between deforestation rates and SO2 is R = 0.949 (very strong correlation); correlation coefficient between deforestation rates and NO2 is R = 0.889 (very strong correlation); and the correlation coefficient between the deforestation rates and the LST is R = 0.887 (very strong correlation). This shows that the higher deforestation rates, will caused in the higher concentration of SO2, NO2, and LST.
GIS-Based Emergency Hospital Location Suitability Analysis (Case Study: Surabaya City)
Authors: Razzak R R , Pribadi C B , Deviantari U W 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Indonesia is a country that has been exposed to the COVID-19 virus pandemic, and has positive cases of COVID-19, which are increasing every month. The COVID-19 Handling Task Force confirmed this in 2022. The large number of patients exposed to COVID-19 made the hospital unable to accommodate all patients requiring inpatient treatment, one of the cities that constructed an emergency hospital is the City of Surabaya, which has four emergency hospitals. Surabaya is one of the cities with the most people exposed to the COVID-19 virus. According to the East Java Provincial Government, until 2022, the City of Surabaya was confirmed to have 67,088 cases of COVID-19. According to the mayor of Surabaya, COVID-19 virus patients in the city of Surabaya can be handled well and continue to decline due to the construction of an emergency hospital. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the distribution of the suitability of the location of the emergency hospital to maximize the role of the emergency hospital in the city of Surabaya. The method used is the GIS method, a method that refers to the requirements for the construction of an emergency hospital regulated in the Decree of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia Number HK.01.07/MENKES/230/2021 concerning Guidelines for the Operation of Field Hospitals/Emergency Hospitals During the Corona Virus Disease Pandemic Period. 2019 (COVID-19). The results showed that four emergency hospitals in the city of Surabaya were by the requirements for the construction of an emergency hospital, namely an emergency hospital located in an area that was in accordance with its designation by the City Spatial Planning and Detailed Map (RDTRK) of the city of Surabaya. From four hospitals emergency, there is no other built area within a radius of 20 meters. From four emergency hospitals, there is no other built area within a radius of 20 meters. It can also be seen that out of the four emergency hospitals, there are public utility networks and drainage canals.
Extraction of Road Network in Urban Area from Orthophoto Using Deep Learning and Douglas-Peucker Post-Processing Algorithm
Authors: Bimanjaya Alfian , Handayani Hepi Hapsari , Rachmadi Reza Fuad 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
A Large-scale base map is needed by metropolitan cities such as Surabaya City for urban planning and smart city development. The most needed information from a large-scale base map is road geospatial information. Road network extraction is a challenging task for many reasons, including the heterogeneous attribute of the geometry and spectral, the complexity of objects that are difficult to model, and poor sensor data. Visual interpretation by operators is still a commonly used approach for extracting information from orthophoto. Interpretation accuracy depends on the skill and experience of the operator. So, there can be inconsistencies in the data generated by different operators. In recent years, the automatic extraction of road from orthophoto or VHR image has become an important and challenging research issue. Many recent studies have explored deep learning to improve the quality of building and road extraction. In this study, we applied a Mask Region-based Convolutional Neural Network (Mask R-CNN) model for the road network extraction using orthophoto in urban area in Surabaya City. The quality of the extracted geometry needs to be improved. Several post-processing strategies, including polygon regularization using Douglas-Peucker algorithm and polygon smoothing are designed to achieve optimal extraction results. The method produces a good performance for road extraction, the precision is 90.28%; recall 85.85%; F1-score 88.01%; and IoU 78.59%; and the overall accuracy is 95.25% and the kappa value is 90.5%.
Morphological characterization and seed production of Moringa oleifera Lam. mother tree in North Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara
Authors: Setiadi A , Hardiyanti S , Hati D P , Erwinda  
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Moringa oleifera Lam. is the Moringaceae family that is becoming popular in Indonesia as a food, medicine, and cosmetics source. Developing moringa plants in the community is difficult because there is no source of moringa seeds. However, the moringa mother tree from population selection has high productivity, known genetics, and is pests and diseases free. Therefore, it is necessary to identify and characterize the moringa plant population. The research has conducted in Selengan Village, North Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara Province, in June 2021. The study aims to determine the selected mother tree, observe morphological characters, and calculate seed production per year. First, a survey method explored selected moringa mother trees. Then, observations of morphological characters were on quantitative and qualitative characters. Finally, potential seed production had carried out to estimate the seed production in population per year. The results showed that there have 38 mother trees that have high-yielding seed production. Furthermore, because the moringa population was from one seed source, the morphological population of the mother tree has the same characteristics. Therefore, the potential for moringa seed production was around 624,034 moringa seeds per year.
The role of bromelain extraction waste product application for intensive land management practice
Authors: Rizki Rachmani Alfina , Sialagan Ruhut , Firdaus Danial , Purwakusuma Wahyu 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
An intensive land management practice, especially, when related to long-live perennial crops such as pineapples, may lead to acute soil organic matter content depletion. However, incorporation of organic matter into soil in the middle of the planting season is not possible due to massive plant density. The application of bromelain extraction waste product as resistant organic matter resources might answer the problem. A set of experiments consisting of 0, 20, 40, 60, and 80 tons/ha of bromelain waste, based on a case study at PT Great Giant Pineapple Plantation, Lampung, has been done to indicate its role in increasing soil physical quality. After being incubated for 5 months, the application of bromelain showed more stable soil particle aggregation through the slake test. Soil aggregate stability is getting better with the higher rate of bromelain waste application. Soil shear strength is negatively correlated to the rate of bromelain waste, where the higher rate of bromelain waste application, the lower the soil shear strength. Soil sensitivity is carried out to determine the potential loss of soil strength because of remoulding. It indicates a decrease in shear sensitivity following the increasing rate of bromelain waste.
Potential application of spinetoram as an alternative insecticide for controlling oil palm bagworm Mahasena corbetti
Authors: Priwiratama H , Rozziansha T A P , Prasetyo A E 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Trunk injection of acephate has been a gold standard for controlling the bagworm population in oil palm plantations. Not only poses a detrimental effect on the palm, but the continuous application of acephate also increases the risk of resistance. An efficacy test was conducted to determine the effect of spinetoram as an alternative insecticide against oil palm bagworm Mahasena corbetti. The efficacy test was conducted following a randomized block design using six application concentrations, i.e., 0, 30, 45, 60, 75, and 90 mg/L (active ingredient [a.i.]) with ten replications. The application used a spraying volume of 400 L per hectare area. Application of acephate at 1.5 g/L (a.i.) was conducted as a comparison. Spinetoram showed a comparable result to acephate in killing M. corbetti. At the lowest concentration, spinetoram caused mortality up to 68.49% three days after application (DAA) which increased to 97.11% at 14 DAA. Overall, spinetoram has great potential to be used as an alternative insecticide to acephate.
Physiological characteristics and effectiveness of some trichoderma isolates against fusarium basal rot of shallot
Authors: Wiyono S , Russianzi W , Mursyidi H H , Khamidi T 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Trichoderma is one of the fungal biological agents used to control fusarium basal rot disease on shallot. The use of Trichoderma sp. can reduce the negative impact on the environment and humans due to the use of synthetic chemical fungicides. This study aimed to characterize the physiological characteristics of some Trichoderma sp. and assess the potential in controlling Fusarium oxysporum on shallot. This research consisted of various tests, such as phosphate solubilization, chitinolytic activity, antibiosis, IAA production, and growth promoting tests, including germination percentage, plant height, and root length. There were eight isolates of Trichoderma originating from various species of plants in the field. They were T. hamatum 1, T. hamatum 2, T. asperellum, T. harzianum, T. pseudokoningii, Trichoderma rice, Trichoderma T01, and Trichoderma T02. All isolates did not react positively to the indole acetic acid (IAA) and antibiosis tests. Conversely, all isolates showed a positive reaction in the chitinolytic activity, except T. hamatum. Isolates Trichoderma T01 and Trichoderma T02 reacted positively to phosphate dissolution. Trichoderma T02 had the best germination rate and plant height compared to all isolates, with values of 90% and 6.00 ± 0.96, respectively. Trichoderma rice has the best root length compared to all isolates 8.
Population dynamics of brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens stall and arthropod diversity on rice ecosystem with returned straw and different spectrum of insecticides
Authors: Prabowo DP , Hidayat P , Wiyono S , Dadang  
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The natural ecosystem of lowland rice in Indonesia is rich in biodiversity. However, high-intensity insecticide accompanied by a lack of organic matter in the form of straw returned to the fields causes the fragile agroecosystem, decreasing the abundance and species diversity of natural enemies, causing a broken food chain, and the tremendous potential for the outbreak of rice pests. Need study to understand the impact of returned straw and different insecticide spectrums on the diversity and abundance of arthropods and the brown planthopper (BPH) in rice fields. The experiment was located in Ciwaringin, Lemahabang, Karawang, West Java, during the rainy season from January-April 2022.The field trial was conducted under a split-plot design consisting of two main plots: rice field with and without returned straw and three subplots: without insecticide, fipronil as insecticide broad-spectrum, and triflumezopyrim as insecticide narrow-spectrum. The first insecticide was applied at an economic threshold level. Arthropods were sampled biweekly by systematically using a vacuum and insect nets. Population observation of BPH was done weekly until one week before harvest. The result showed that there are 40 morphospecies, 29 families, and 9 orders of arthropods. Based on the functional roles, there were 48.6% pests, 19.2% predators, 5.8% parasitoids, and 26.4% other role arthropods. Plots with returned straw showed a 5.4% higher abundance and diversity of arthropods than those with unreturned straw. The plot treated with triflumezopyrim showed a significantly lower population of the BPH than the plot treated with fipronil and was similar arthropod diversity to the untreated plot. In conclusion, returning straw to the paddy fields provides many ecological and economic benefits.
Seed-borne Fungi of Pinus tecunumanii Seeds in Tanzania
Authors: Macha D F , Wiyono S , Tondok E T 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Seed health is an important attribute to be taken care of since it is from a healthy seed that a healthy plant is regenerated. Seed-borne fungi are among the severe pathogens causing significant losses in the quantity and quality of Pinus seeds. Fungi reduce seedling vigor and low seed germination to disease. The study aimed to detect and identify seed-borne fungus in certified and uncertified Pinus tecunumanii seeds in Iringa area. The research was conducted from January to May 2022. Seed samples were collected from four seed lots: Mafinga, Kilolo, Makungu, and the Private Forestry Programme (PFP). The blotter test method was used to grow seed-borne fungi. For identification, a compound microscope was used to look at the formed fungal colonies. The percentages of pure seeds from PFP were higher at (99%) than those collected from Kilolo (95%), Mafinga (94.5%), and Makungu (91.5%). PFP seeds had the highest germination percentage (94.75%), followed by Kilolo (91.75%), Mafinga (91.25%), and Makungu (89.25%). The highest frequency of Fusarium spp. was observed in PFP (65%), followed by Makungu (48.04%), Kilolo (47.67%), and the lowest was Mafinga (43.75%). The frequency of Aspergillus niger was highest in Makungu (34.31%), Mafinga (32.29%), Kilolo (29.07%), and PFP (20.48%), while the frequency of Rhizopus spp. was higher in Makungu (5.88%), followed by Kilolo (5.81%), and Mafinga (5.20%). There was no occurrence of Rhizopus spp. in PFP. Moreover, the incidences were higher in non-certified seeds than in certified seeds. The research will help to sustainably produce high-quality seeds for the growth of pinus trees in forests and nurseries.
Urban gardening for mitigating heat island effect
Authors: Humaida N , Saputra M H , Sutomo  , Hadiyan Y 
Published: January 2023

AbstractExcess anthropogenic CO2in the atmosphere above urban areas can create an isolated heat island closely related to dense cities. Adding more green spaces may be strenuous because of the lack of public spaces. The upgrowth of the human population, along with anthropogenic activities, is the critical factor that escalates the effect of the urban heat island. However, they could be the most prominent resources to decrease it by utilizing community gardens or their private land as a functional green space. This paper is a literature study to determine the importance of urban gardening for heat island mitigation. We also conducted a spatial analysis to measure land surface temperature to understand the benefit of urban gardens for dense cities. Based on the previous studies, promoting urban gardening to the citizens can be an effective strategy to increase the green space proportion to meet the requirement for a healthy urban environment. Urban gardens help reduce the heat island effect by creating thermal comfort, reducing flood risk and water runoff, and conserving energy for building architects. This paper also recommends strategic plans for policymakers to achieve practical urban gardening as an urban heat island mitigation strategy.
Study of climbing plant growth on different types of vertical structure
Authors: Dilla Putri Mitha Novia , Nasrullah Nizar , Khrisrachmansyah Rezky 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Various climbing plants can be selected as an element in the vertical greenery system. However, it should consider the species’ suitability to climb any vertical structure. This study aims to analyze the growth rates of several climbing plants in a vertical plane at different hole sizes of a wire mesh. The experimental design used in this experiment was a split-plot factorial randomized block design that consisted of two factors with three replications. The species factor consisted of Antigonon leptosus Hook, Clerodendrum thomsomniae Balf. f, and Thunbergia grandiflora Roxb., while the mesh (hole) size factor consisted of 4 cm and 6 cm. Galvanized wire mesh was used as a vertical plane, while the plane dimension in each experimental unit was 3 m in height and 0.5 m in width. The research results found the best treatments obtained in the growth of A. leptopus in a mesh size of 4 cm. A combination of A. leptopus in a mesh size of 4 cm produced the highest value in plant height, the number of leaves, the percentage of plant coverage, and increasing of flowers number. T.grandiflora and C.thomsoniae ranked second and third in growth rate, respectively
Analysis of sustainability ranking of vanilla cultivation systems in West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Wahyudi A , Ermiati E , Sujianto S 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The recent progression of vanilla production in Indonesia has been relatively slow, although vanilla prices were relatively high. The main factors inhibiting the progress are the threat of theft of vanilla fruits and incidents of vanilla stem rot disease, especially in West Java. Three cultivation systems are found in Indonesia: conventional, shade house, and greenhouse cultivation. The last two systems were intended to address both threats. This study analyzed the sustainability ranking of the three vanilla cultivation systems. Qualitative research was conducted to find the facts on how farmers decide to apply the cultivation systems, particularly in addressing the threats to achieving sustainability. Based on the facts of the vanilla cultivation conducted by farmers, the experts analyzed to sort the most sustainable cultivation from technical, economic, and environmental aspects. The data was obtained from experienced vanilla farmers and cultivation and economic experts through in-depth interviews and direct observation of farmers’ plantations. The result showed that the use of shade houses is the most sustainable vanilla cultivation because it can provide higher productivity and quality, is relatively safe from the threats of microenvironment settings, is more affordable, and is easier to maintain and control the disease.
Determination of fertilizer rate recommendations for chili (Capsicum annuum L.) fertigation through drip irrigation using ferads (decision support system) in precision agriculture
Authors: Susila AD , Suketi K 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Location-specific fertilization rate recommendations are important for precision agriculture. This study aims to validate chili pepper fertilization recommendations in the field based on Ferads, a computer application program that is used to determine fertilizer recommendations for vegetable crops based on soil analysis. Two chili pepper varieties (Imola and Ori) were grown in Inceptisol soil with available content of 4.8 ppm P (very low), 44.2 ppm K (moderate), 1.53% organic C, and pH 6.46. Experiments were conducted at Cikarawang Field Station, IPB (250 m asl), from July to December 2021, set up in RCBD with four replicates and five fertilization rates. Nutrigads automatic fertigation machine was used for delivering fertilization treatment. The Imola variety obtained a quadratic response on marketable and total fruit weight per ha, with the line of equation Y = -1460.1x2 +2316.3x+5951.3, R²=0.3168, and Y=-3025.6x2 + 4272.2x + 12032; R² = 0.4237, with the optimum rate of x = 0.7931, and x= 0.7060, respectively. The prediction for the Imola variety was higher than the on field conditions, hence the Ferads fertilization recommendations are to be multiplied by 70%-79% for optimal implementation on farmers’ land. The Ferads rate had no effect on Ori variety, therefore, recommended rate is 100%.
Digital Water Services using Digital Twin paradigm
Authors: Ciliberti Francesco G. , Berardi Luigi , Laucelli Daniele B. , Giustolisi Orazio 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In the last years, the digital transition concept has spread all over public and private life as a process designed for improving problem solving in industry by the combination of models, information, and connectivity technologies. In the Water Distribution Networks (WDNs) management sector, the innovations in the areas of ICT/IoT, virtual representation of infrastructure elements in GIS/BIM platforms and the advancements in hydraulic modelling offer the opportunity to open a new era for water engineering. Nonetheless, a unique consensus about the digital transformation meaning in WDNs management is still missing. In this paper a recent paradigm for the digital transformation for WDNs is exposed and further extended, starting from the concept of Digital Twin for WDNs management. It encompasses the virtual representation of features and devices of the network integrated with advanced hydraulic modelling and Artificial Intelligence for supporting WDNs management tasks. The WDN Digital Twin is used within tools, named Digital Water Services (DWSs), working on GIS platforms. DWSs are conceived to support distinct phases of WDNs management by improving engineering awareness on technical decisions. Several DWSs, previously adopted for real WDNs management and planning, are here presented, as support tools for technicians and water utilities for achieving short-term and long-term management tasks.
Monitoring planning for urban drainage networks
Authors: Simone Antonietta , Cesaro Alessandra , Cristo Cristiana Di , Fecarotta Oreste , Morani Maria Cristina 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Urban drainage network (UDN) monitoring is an important task whose planning can be related to various purposes, as for example contaminant detection and epidemiological studies. This paper proposes two different strategies for the identification of a monitoring system for UDNs. The optimal solution, in terms of location and number of sensors, is firstly addressed using a deterministic approach. A new mathematical model is developed and a global optimization solver is employed to perform the optimization procedure. Secondly, the position of devices is also investigated using a new strategy based on the complex network theory (CNT) tools. The comparison between the results achieved by both the strategies is finally presented with reference to a benchmark network.