bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The “What” and the “Why” of Pro-Environmental Deeds
Authors: Legault Lisa 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Self-determined pro-environmental motivation is arguably the most important motivational resource for protecting the environment and supporting a sustainable lifestyle. At the same time, pro-environmental behavior evolves from multiple goals, values, and cues beyond self-determined motivation. This chapter reviews the state of research on self-determination and values as they relate to pro-environmental behavior. It sketches a framework to promote more widespread pro-environmental behavior by integrating motivation, values and goals, and social support. By understanding the manner in which values and motivation interact in predicting pro-environmental behavior, it becomes possible to identify sources of motivational conflict that lead to environmentally unsound choices. Through a process of aligning individuals’ values and motivation, strategies for intervention begin to emerge.
Economic Development IN Historical Political Economy
Authors: Morales-Arilla Jose , Ricart-Huguet Joan , Wantchekon Leonard 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Understanding the primary causes of human prosperity is one of the most important endeavors for social scientists. Much research in the twentieth century followed a neo-classical approach that emphasized important factors such as physical capital, human capital, and technological change, but was nonetheless devoid of historical and political context. In recent decades there has been a resurgence of political and historically embedded explanations of economic development, which have greatly expanded upon the works of early political economists such as Adam Smith, John Stuart Mill, and Karl Marx. This chapter provides an overview of this recent research on geography, institutions, and human capital, along with their interactions, as drivers of long-term economic development. The chapter then moves beyond these paradigms to argue that many historical political economists have largely overlooked explanations focused on state capacity and state-led development. A better understanding of the state should help scholars identify paths to break away from the low-growth equilibrium of less-developed countries.
The Urban-Rural Divide in Historical Political Economy
Authors: Rodden Jonathan A. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This chapter returns to some classic questions posed by Seymour Martin Lipset and Stein Rokkan in the 1960s. When and where is an urban-rural divide in political behavior most likely to emerge? Once established, why does it deepen in some countries at some times, while dissipating in others? After discussing efforts to conceptualize and measure the urban-rural divide since the rise of mass franchise democracy and presenting some time series data from the last 140 years in Germany and the United States, the chapter examines explanations for variation across time and space that are rooted in (1) economic geography, (2) social and cultural divisions, and (3) political institutions and the nationalization of politics. The chapter explores the idea that the urban-rural divide is driven by efforts of party elites to assemble packages of platforms on policy dimensions for which voters’ preferences are correlated with population density. In addition to establishing some stylized facts and reviewing existing contributions, this chapter attempts to provide a road map for theoretical and empirical studies that lie ahead.
Methods and Methodologies in Arts and Cultural Management Research
Authors: Rentschler Ruth , Liu Jiaxin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This chapter builds on lacunae in the literature on arts and cultural management research, examining research methods and methodologies. The chapter traces the historical evolution of methods and methodologies in arts and cultural management research. Using legitimacy theory, it first identifies how those methods and methodologies evolved from disciplines that differ ontologically, epistemologically, and methodologically, gaining, maintaining, and sustaining legitimacy over time. The chapter then discusses how methods and methodologies are being legitimized progressively, forming arts and cultural management into a discipline. By providing insight into the tools available for the evolution of arts and cultural management research, a deep, rich understanding of its evolution can be obtained. An evolutionary framework of arts and cultural management methods and methodologies is presented, and future research directions proposed.
Contemporary Findings on Individual Donations and Fundraising Strategies
Authors: Wiggins Jennifer 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The combination of the Great Recession (2007–2009) and the availability of data on fundraising effectiveness led to a surge of research on individual charitable donation behavior. The goal of this chapter is to conduct a systematic review of the literature on individual donations published after the start of the Great Recession with a focus on identifying best practices for arts organizations. The results reveal five primary research streams: antecedents and drivers of individual donation behavior, social influences on individual donation behavior, crosswise dynamics among revenue sources, transparency and accountability, and optimizing fundraising appeals. Current findings in these five streams suggest that individual donation behavior is a complex, global phenomenon that goes far beyond an individual’s response to a specific fundraising request. Rather, it is influenced by the totality of potential donor interactions with the organization, as well as the influence of donors’ social networks and of the organization’s ecological environment. A contextual approach to understanding individual donation behavior is likely to yield rich understandings of both the decision to donate and the potential repercussions of an arts organization’s fundraising strategy decisions.
Training for Careers in Psychology–Law
Authors: DeMatteo David , Scherr Kyle C. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
There are numerous indications that the field of psychology–law has grown tremendously over the past few decades. Some of the more prominent indicators include the use of psychology–law research in influential court cases, the law’s recognition that psychologists can serve as expert witnesses on mental health issues, the development of national and international professional organizations devoted to law and psychology/psychiatry, and numerous professional journals devoted to psychology–law topics. This chapter focuses on another indicator of the growth of psychology–law—training for a career in the psychology–law field. After describing the long relationship between the fields of psychology and law, this chapter discusses the varied roles for psychologists in the psychology–law field. Then, the chapter discusses the educational and training opportunities for those interested in psychology–law, including opportunities at the undergraduate, graduate, and postdoctoral levels.
Of Capital Importance
Authors: Fairfax-Columbo Jaymes , Neeser Bronwyn , Kudatzky Alexandra , DeMatteo David 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Capital sentencing is the legal process by which homicide offenders are determined to be deserving either of a sentence of life imprisonment or a sentence of death. Due to the severe and irrevocable liberty deprivation that a death sentence represents, the US Supreme Court has gone to great lengths to ensure that death sentences are not levied in arbitrary and capricious fashion. In addition, they have restricted the classes of individuals the death penalty can apply to. This chapter reviews key Supreme Court case law pertaining to capital sentencing as well as highlights several vital factors for forensic mental health professionals to consider in conducting evaluations in accordance with the trial phase of capital sentencing proceedings. Said factors include assessment of mitigating factors for sentencing, assessment of intellectual disability in Atkins evaluations, and assessment of future dangerousness.
Forensic Evaluation in Civil Litigation
Authors: Brovko Julie M. , Foote William E. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The Five-Stage Model is an assessment tool that is used for guiding the evaluator in their review of records, their clinical interviews, their psychological testing and testing interpretation, their report writing, and their testimony in evaluations that are conducted in the context of tort and civil rights cases. Although the Five-Stage Model has been detailed at great length in previous work, the purpose of this chapter is to apply this model to personal injury case example. In this chapter, we demonstrate how it can assist the evaluator in producing a comprehensive and coherent opinion that is forensically useful.
Child Custody Evaluations
Authors: Gould Jonathan W. , Mulchay Christopher 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This chapter describes current research and practice for conducting a child custody assessment. Although not intended as an in-depth discussion of all relevant issues in the arena, this chapter will direct readers to published, peer-reviewed literature, empirical research, professional practice guidelines, and current models that will provide a greater understanding of relevant topics. The chapter includes discussions of bias, best interests standards, procedures for conducting an evaluation, psychological testing, questionnaires, behavioral observations, collateral record review, and interviews. The chapter concludes with current trends in child custody research, which include gatekeeping, relocation, child maltreatment, resist/refusal dynamics, domestic violence, attachment, and parenting plans.
Forensic Mental Health Assessment in Immigration Court
Authors: Barber-Rioja Virginia , Garcia-Mansilla Alexandra 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Under US immigration law, individuals without valid immigration legal status and legal permanent residents convicted of certain crimes can face removal proceedings (i.e., deportation) and be detained. Immigration Court (IC) is civil in nature and therefore respondents (i.e., immigrants in deportation proceedings) have limited constitutional protections (e.g., right to counsel) despite the severe penalties imposed (e.g., detention and deportation). Many of the legal issues involved in IC decisions include mental health concepts (e.g., fear of persecution, mental abuse, credibility, competency for self-representation, and dangerousness). Forensic mental health assessment (FMHA) in IC proceedings requires specialized knowledge of immigration law, forensic and cross-cultural assessment, and psychological impact of trauma. Despite the crucial role of psychological evaluations in this context, FMHA in IC proceedings has received little attention. This chapter provides an overview of the legal context of immigration law, the psycholegal issues involved in immigration-related FMHA, and recommendations for best practices and future research.
Neuropsychological Considerations in Forensic Mental Health Assessment
Authors: LaDuke Casey , Tussey Chriscelyn M. , Marcopulos Bernice A. , Bender Scott D. , Arredondo Beth C. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Neuropsychological considerations can arise in any forensic mental health assessment (FMHA), and all practitioners engaging in FMHA will therefore benefit from being able to recognize and respond to neuropsychological issues in their practice. The first section of this chapter focuses on relevance, including a discussion of how to recognize neuropsychological consideration in forensic referrals; a summary of the most relevant neuropsychological considerations of a clinical, practical, and legal nature within FMHA; and review of some of the most common brain-based disorders encountered in contemporary forensic practice. The second section focuses on competence, including an introduction to general and specialty competencies in neuropsychology, and a further discussion of selected practical concerns in the field. The chapter concludes with guidance on responding to neuropsychological considerations in forensic cases, and introduces a decision-making model to help forensic practitioners consider whether independent evaluation, consultation, or referral is the most effective response in these cases.
How Reliable and Objective are Forensic Mental Health Evaluators?
Authors: Murrie Daniel C. , Boccaccini Marcus T. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Are forensic mental health evaluators reliable with one another? Can they remain objective when retained by one side in adversarial legal proceedings? Emerging research suggests reliability is strongest when answering well-defined questions such as adjudicative competence, but weaker on more inferential questions such as sanity or risk. Studies of assessment instruments as applied in the field reveal poorer reliability than typically reported in formal research studies or instrument manuals, particularly for instruments that require more subjectivity. Studies that examine evaluator patterns of findings across cases reveal meaningful differences in how often evaluators offer certain forensic opinions and how they score instruments. Finally, field studies and a rigorous experiment align to suggest adversarial allegiance—a form of bias toward the retaining party—may influence forensic evaluators. Though the field has made progress in identifying these sources of unreliability, there remains the more challenging task of minimizing their effect in forensic practice.
Managerial Justice, Community Supervision, and Treatment Mandates
Authors: Mackey Benjamin J. , Lee JoAnn , Appleton C. J. , Skidmore Sarah , Taxman Faye S. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Probation and parole comprise the largest arm of the US criminal legal system, supervising nearly 4.4 million individuals, or more than twice the number incarcerated in prisons and jails. Individuals under community supervision must comply with numerous requirements to remain in good standing with the legal system. Failure to comply with requirements such as drug, alcohol, and psychosocial treatment mandates can result in sanctions and/or incarceration, creating a revolving door whereby individuals circulate between community supervision, carceral facilities, and their respective systems of formal social control. This chapter frames the revolving door of community supervision as part of an emergent form of penality termed “managerial supervision.” The chapter details how changing social and economic conditions in the latter half of the twentieth century facilitated the rise of managerial supervision, and how it manifests in modern supervision systems at macro- and microlevels through treatment mandates. Used as a means to test an individual’s compliance and governability, treatment mandates imposed under managerial supervision not only frequently depart from evidence-based principles but can expose individuals to more opportunities to incur a sanction or term of incarceration. After describing these iatrogenic consequences of treatment under managerial supervision, the chapter concludes with recommendations for future research and evidence-based practice.
Rehabilitative Justice
Authors: Arnold Shelby , Thornewill Alice , Heilbrun Kirk , DeMatteo David 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This chapter reviews the context, history, and development of problem-solving courts. We describe common components, the Risk-Needs-Responsivity model and clinical interventions, the range of courts and their unique focus, along with the strengths and limitations of the problem-solving court model. We then review the research base for key types of problem-solving courts (e.g., drug courts and mental health courts), with a focus on meta-analytic research whenever possible and a discussion of methodological challenges and limitations of the literature. The chapter also highlights the ethical and legal considerations for problem-solving courts and outlines areas for future research and development.
The Emerging Investigative Practice of Tele-Forensic Interviewing
Authors: Dickinson Jason J. , Lytle Nicole E. , Poole Debra Ann 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Safety concerns during the COVID-19 pandemic prompted the release of provisional guidelines for interviewing child witnesses via videoconference applications, and some interview centers became early demonstration sites for tele-forensic interviewing (tele-FI). This chapter discusses four cornerstones that underlie emerging support for tele-FI: investigative challenges predating the pandemic, increased access to and familiarity with digital media, encouraging results from studies that compared children’s performance across face-to-face and tele-FI modes, and the legal defensibility of tele-FI. The future of tele-FI will depend on results from future studies that evaluate children’s and interviewers’ reactions to tele-FI in the field, how tele-FI influences perceptions of child witness credibility and case trajectories, and the impact of tele-FI on the well-being of children, families, and communities served by the practice.
Interviewing Cooperative Forensic Witnesses and Mediation
Authors: Goldfarb Deborah , Fisher Ronald P. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Although recent work has expanded research on empirically informed forensic interviewing techniques outside the criminal context, no work that we are aware of has considered potential synergies for this research within the realm of alternative dispute resolution (ADR). The current chapter addresses the relation between forensic interviewing and ADR, and more specifically how techniques developed to interview forensic witnesses might be adapted for mediation. In so doing, we first review the research on mediation and forensic interviewing. Next we compare and contrast the two contexts on both psychological and legal dimensions. Finally, we examine areas of potential growth and future directions. By bringing together the work on potential synergies between the two realms, we hope to inspire others to expand further this nascent area of research.
Emerging Policy Issues Related to Sexual Violence in Higher Education
Authors: Cipriano Allison E. , Holland Kathryn J. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In this chapter, we review two emerging policy issues regarding sexual misconduct in institutions of higher education: investigation and adjudication procedures and mandatory reporting policies. First, we review key policymaking regarding sexual misconduct investigation and adjudication, contextualizing policymaking on sexual misconduct in higher education within its historical, sociopolitical background. We then discuss a current and controversial issue in investigation and adjudication procedures—due process and the use of live hearings with direct cross-examination. Second, we provide an overview of mandatory reporting policies for sexual misconduct, reviewing federal guidance and state legislation that have shaped these policies and discuss the important issue of survivor autonomy and control in reporting decisions. Finally, we discuss recommendations for policy reforms and future research on these two policy issues regarding sexual misconduct in higher education.
Preventive Justice
Authors: Slobogin Christopher 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Preventive justice is an approach to criminal conduct aimed primarily at individual prevention rather than deterrence of the general population or ensuring that offenders receive their just desert. Preventive justice fits more comfortably than either deterrence- or retribution-driven regimes with a psychological approach to criminal justice that assumes that behavior is heavily influenced by biology and the environment and that antisocial tendencies can be reduced through appropriate interventions. It relies heavily on empirical assessments of recidivism risk and intervention needs and deemphasizes the goal of calibrating sanctions to the culpability of offenders. After describing preventive justice in skeletal form, this chapter explains why the present moment might be a propitious time to reconsider this approach as an alternative to our current system of criminal justice. It then explores a number of preventive justice-related topics that psychological researchers could investigate.
Why Seeing the Big Picture in the Study of Public Safety Is Necessary for Combatting Racism within It
Authors: Prowse Gwen , Goff Phillip Atiba 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Quantitative social science has primarily studied policing in general and racial disparities in policing specifically by focusing on micro- and mesolevel phenomena rather than engaging macrolevel phenomena. Policy recommendations informed by quantitative social science therefore end up focused on reforming what are framed as patterns of errors rather than on the broader systems that produce the conditions for these interactions. The current approach places quantitative social science out of step with contemporary debates about public safety, including when and whether to deploy police at all. This chapter examines why quantitative social science has thus far missed the big picture, the consequences, and what integrating macrolevel approaches in our research might look like.
Emotion and Legal Judgment
Authors: Peter-Hagene Liana C. , Bean Samantha , Salerno Jessica M. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
When trials include emotionally evocative evidence such as gruesome photographs and victim impact statements, maintaining the balance between probative value and prejudicial effects can be difficult. Such evidence can rouse jurors’ anger, disgust, outrage, or empathy. In turn, experienced emotions can, directly or indirectly, within or outside awareness, motivate decision makers to blame, punish, or forgive. These psychological processes can bias guilt or liability verdicts, where visceral reactions influence how jurors interpret facts or even motivate them to bypass careful consideration of these facts. Further, emotional displays from defendants (e.g., remorse) and victims (e.g., distress) influence judgments of credibility and legal decisions via cognitive (expectancy violation) or emotional (empathy) processes. The chapter describes the most recent scientific research on these topics, integrating work from social, cognitive, and legal psychology. The chapter concludes with recommendations for future research on emotion and prejudice, group processes, and emotion regulation in legal settings.
A Framework for Forensic Mental Health Assessments
Authors: Heilbrun Kirk , Rizzo Madelena , Wiltsie Kellie , Zapotocky Heidi 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This chapter describes foundational principles of forensic mental health assessment (FMHA) that have been developed and revised to describe aspects of FMHA that apply to a various kinds of FMHA. Principles are further described as they apply in two contexts: in general, and in a sequence associated with a specific case (preparation, data collection, data interpretation, communication, and testimony). The chapter also distinguishes between standard of care and standard of practice as each applies to legal decision-making and addresses how these FMHA principles might apply to each standard. In highlighting the broader questions of science, ethics, and practice that apply in legal contexts, we hope that both the maturation of FMHA as well as the remaining gaps will become clearer. It is important to pursue continuous improvement in the legal relevance, scientific foundations, ethics specificity, and practice guidance in FMHA.