bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
P06 Atopic dermatitis and psoriasis in children, and SARS-CoV-2 infection: different impact of the infection on these dermatoses, and of these dermatoses on the infection?
Authors: Mahé Emmanuel , Zitouni Jinane , de la Breteque Maud Amy 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has raised many questions regarding chronic inflammatory dermatoses and their treatments. Atopic dermatitis (AD) and psoriasis are chronic inflammatory dermatoses with different immunological profiles. Their susceptibility to infections also differs. We were interested in the link between SARS-CoV-2 infection and these two dermatoses in children: different impact of the infection on AD and psoriasis (disease flare-ups), and of these two dermatoses on the severity of this infection (severity). This was a single-centre study of children with AD or psoriasis or those who developed these dermatoses within 1 month of infection, and who developed a SARS-CoV-2 infection. Thirty-two children with AD and 66 with psoriasis were included. Age, sex, frequency of overweight and frequency of systemic treatments (systemic or biotherapy) were not different in the two groups. The frequency of symptomatic forms and the duration of symptoms were not statistically different between the two groups. In 15.6% of AD and 12.7% of psoriasis (P = 0.69), a worsening of symptoms was noted in the month following the onset of the infection. De novo psoriasis was diagnosed in three cases, but no AD. There was no difference in the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the evolution of these two dermatoses, with the possible exception of the appearance of post-infection psoriasis, which was not observed with AD. Similarly, these two diseases did not seem to have a different impact on the severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection. These results should be confirmed with larger cohorts such as Secure-AD and Chi-PsoCov.
P09 A case series of anetodermic pilomatrixomas
Authors: Vetsiou Evangelia , Gass Julia , McDonald Sarah , Stefanos Niki , Rytina Ed , Burrows Nigel 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Pilomatrixoma is a benign tumour that arises from the base of the hair follicle matrix. Anetodermic changes overlying the tumour occur in only 2% of the cases. The aim of this study is to evaluate a case series of paediatric patients who presented with anetodermic pilomatrixoma to our Paediatric Dermatology department. A retrospective analysis of all our paediatric cases with a clinical diagnosis of anetodermic pilomatrixoma within the last 4 years was made. Data were collected according to age at time of presentation, suspected clinical diagnosis, histopathological features, treatment and postoperative outcomes. Five cases were identified. All were referred as a rapidly growing tumour. The median age of onset was 15 years. The male : female ratio was 3 : 2; one presented on the neck, two on the upper limbs and two on the back. Two out of three patients reported that the lesions were painful. Clinical suspicion of anetodermic pilomatrixoma (large, atrophic, wrinkled lesion overlying a firm subcutaneous mass) was made prior to surgical removal. Four were confirmed histopathologically. Simple excision was carried out without any postoperative complications. There have been no recurrences. Anetodermic pilomatrixoma, also referred to as pseudobullous pilomatrixoma, is a rare variant of pilomatrixomas, occurring more frequently in the upper body. It presents with identifiable features but should be differentiated from other skin tumours. Pain can be a symptom due to the size of the lesion. Surgical removal is the gold standard treatment with a low recurrence rate.
P11 Pooling the evidence: a review of swimming and atopic dermatitis
Authors: O’Connor Cathal , McCarthy Siobhan , Murphy Michelle 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Swimming is an excellent form of aerobic exercise and is an essential life skill. Many children with atopic dermatitis (AD) are advised not to swim because of concerns about negative impacts on their skin disease, and some children with AD do not swim because they are self-conscious about the appearance of their skin. We aimed to review the available literature on swimming and AD and scientifically analyse the potential impact of all components of swimming in AD – water, skin barrier, swimming gear and exercise. Studies examined the impact of swimming on the skin barrier and relative contraindications to swimming. Constituents of water that may affect AD include hardness, pH, temperature, antiseptics and other chemicals. Potential interventions to reduce damage included emollient application, special swim gear, and showering post-submersion. The benefits of swimming as a form of exercise in AD included reduced sweating, cardiorespiratory fitness and maintenance of healthy weight. Drawbacks of swimming as a form of exercise in AD included the limited benefit on bone mineral density. Future research should examine the impact of swimming on flares of AD using noninvasive biomarkers as well as clinical severity assessment, and assess the role for different types of emollient as an intervention for optimal eczema control. Based on the review we provide new guidance on how to advise parents and children with AD regarding general measures, swim wear, and pool-side interventions to minimize any deleterious effect on skincare, and maximize opportunities to swim.
P16 Linear bullous aplasia cutis congenita of the scalp: an unusual presentation of a rare condition
Authors: Forde Karina , Zawafta Zainab , Burrows Nigel 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Aplasia cutis congenita (ACC) is a heterogenous group of congenital disorders characterized by focal or widespread absence of skin. Bullous ACC is a rare variant that presents with well-circumscribed oval lesions resembling bullae or vesicles covered with a thin membrane. There have been 20 previously reported cases of bullous ACC. We present a female neonate referred to dermatology at day 2 of life following an IVF-assisted pregnancy and delivery by elective caesarean section for breech presentation. There was no antenatal history of infection, trauma or drugs, and no relevant family history. Clinical examination of the parietal scalp revealed five well-demarcated bullae in a linear distribution along Blaschko lines. The hair collar and ‘golf club set’ signs were absent. Skin swabs for microbiology and viral studies were negative. Ultrasonography showed no associated osseous defect. Clinical examination was otherwise normal. A diagnosis of multibullous ACC was made, and a conservative approach adopted. Clinical follow up at 2 years found resorption of one bulla with flattening of the remainder. Neurodevelopment was normal. On review of the literature, 10/20 (50%) cases of bullous ACC presented with multiple bullae. The hair collar sign was positive in 50%, strengthening theories that bullous ACC may represent a ‘forme fruste’ of a neural tube defect. Four other cases reported distribution along Blashko lines, suggesting possible underlying cutaneous mosaicism. The majority (90%) had no associated cutaneous or extracutaneous findings. Clinical outcomes were good with spontaneous resorption of bullae, suggesting conservative management is appropriate in most cases.
P18 Epidermolysis bullosa acquisita in children: report of three cases
Authors: Bageta Maria L , Cella Eliana , Bettina Cervini A , del Valle Centeno Maria , Roquel Liliana , Mee John , Groves Richard , Calonje Eduardo , Goodwin Richard G , Mellerio Jemima , Petrof Gabriela , Martinez Anna E 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Epidermolysis bullosa acquisita (EBA) is an acquired, subepidermal blistering skin disease characterized by autoantibodies against type VII collagen, which links the epidermis to the dermis at the dermo-epidermal junction. Clinically, patients have skin fragility and blisters over trauma-prone sites, scarring, milia and onychodystrophy. The diagnosis can be challenging as it shares clinical and histopathological features with other immunobullous diseases. Although exceptionally rare in children, we report three paediatric patients with EBA and variable disease severity. The main clinical features were blisters (n = 3), milia (n = 3), scarring (n = 2), oral erosions (n = 2) and onychodystrophy (n = 1). Histological findings were nonspecific, showing a subepidermal blister with various inflammatory infiltrates. On direct immunofluorescence a bright deposit of IgG was seen, and the antibodies adhered to the dermal side of the salt-split in two cases. ELISA analysis confirmed circulating autoantibodies against type VII collagen in one patient. All received a course of oral corticosteroids alongside steroid-sparing agents such as dapsone, azathioprine and rituximab depending on clinical response and shared favourable prognosis. Early use of topical steroids can help but high-dose oral corticosteroids are often required as well as steroid-sparing agents such as dapsone, methotrexate, azathioprine, ciclosporin, mycophenolate mofetil, cyclophosphamide and rituximab. In our experience, although the treatment approaches have been different, all the patients had favourable outcomes.
P28 Traumatic anserine folliculosis: a cause of facial follicular papules
Authors: Parmar Shivani , Gass Julia , Trayers Claire , Stefanos Niki , Durack Alana 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Traumatic anserine folliculosis (TAF) is an infrequently reported condition, presenting with grouped follicular papules, usually on the face of young people, induced by repeated frictional trauma or pressure. A suggestive history may allow clinical differentiation of TAF from other folliculocentric keratotic disorders. We present three children diagnosed with TAF in our department: (i) A 12-year-old boy with asymmetry of the mental protuberance, presented with a 1-year history of scaly, lichenified erythema with monomorphic nonpigmented papules over the more prominent side; histology showed mild hyperkeratosis and some rudimentary hair follicles with keratin-filled follicular openings. (ii) A 7-year-old boy with a 1-year history of a hyperpigmented patch on the chin with multiple skin-coloured papules and a sandpaper feel; dermoscopy showed follicular papules with keratin plug; he had a habit of reading with his chin resting on his knee; the skin changes improved with topical retinoid and postural changes. (iii) A boy with follicular papules on one cheek since the age of 8 years, with history of persistent leaning his hand on his cheek while reading; the papules resolved with a change in posture, but similar changes arose at a new pressure area on his chin. The clinical features of grouped monomorphic skin-coloured follicular papules on an erythematous or hyperpigmented background, and a suggestive history, may allow the diagnosis of TAF. Described histological findings are hyperkeratosis, rudimentary follicles and dilated follicular openings filled with keratotic material. Management includes identifying and correcting postural habits; topical keratolytic agents and retinoids may also be beneficial.
Genomic stability in Cenostigma Tul., (Caesalpinioideae, Fabaceae): causes and consequences
Authors: Castro Natália , Mata-Sucre Yennifer , Carvalho-Sobrinho Jefferson , Marques André , de Queiroz Rubens Teixeira , Souza Gustavo 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The Pantropical Caesalpinia group includes 225 species distributed in 27 monophyletic genera, among which Cenostigma stands out by taxonomic and phylogenetic complexity. The genus includes trees and shrubs with interspecific hybridization and high diversity in north-eastern Brazil (Caatinga domain). Detailed cytogenomic characterizations have been performed only in C. microphyllum revealing enrichment of long terminal repeats (LTR) Ty3/gypsy transposable elements (TEs) and satellite DNA (satDNA) in the heterochromatin. Here, we aimed to perform a comparative analysis of seven Northeast Brazilian species of Cenostigma using cytogenomic and genomic approaches. The comparative genomic analysis revealed repeats stability with similar TE abundance, composition, and chromosomal localization in all species. On the other hand, satDNA were highly variable in abundance, in some cases species-specific. Cytogenomic data confirmed the karyotype stability with the TE elements Athila and Tekay enriching the proximal heterochromatin. Moreover, the satDNA CemiSat163 appeared to be exclusively located on acrocentric chromosomes of the analysed species. The genomic stability in Cenostigma may be related to their relatively recent age (~13.59 Mya), long-life cycle, and/ or similarity in ecological niche among this species. We propose that the genomic stability found in Cenostigma may facilitate the natural interspecific gene flow reported in sympatric species, complicating the interpretation of its systematics and evolution.
Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Shedding of Human Herpes Virus-8 Among Men Having Sex With Men Enrolled in a Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Study
Authors: Gras Julien , Helary Marion , Carette Diane , Minier Marine , Salmona Maud , Gabassi Audrey , Saouzanet Marine , Charreau Isabelle , Meyer Laurence , Molina Jean-Michel , Delaugerre Constance 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Seroprevalence and risk factors for human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8) infection among HIV-negative men who have sex with men (MSM) on pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) have not been well characterized. Our objectives were to assess the prevalence and incidence of HHV-8 infection in MSM enrolled on PrEP, and study viral shedding in seropositive participants.

Methods
The ANRS IPERGAY study enrolled 429 participants in France and Canada to evaluate oral PrEP for HIV-1 prevention. Stored sera samples at day 0 (D0) and last visit were tested for the detection of HHV-8 antibodies using an indirect immunofluorescence assay. Baseline characteristics were analyzed to identify risk factors associated with HHV-8 seropositivity. Among seropositive participants, HHV-8 DNA was quantified on available oral and anal swabs, and ORF-K1 typing performed on HHV-8 positive samples.

Results
One hundred participants were seropositive at D0 (prevalence of 24%; 95% CI: 20.0–28.4%) and 18/329 seroconverted during the study (incidence rate of 2.66 per 100 person-years; 95% CI: 1.57–4.20). Risk factors independently associated with baseline HHV-8 seropositivity included older age, high number of sexual partners, chemsex use, and herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2) seropositivity. Among HHV-8–seropositive participants with available swab(s) for virological analysis, 37/115 (32%) displayed HHV-8 oral shedding and 5/113 (4.4%) anal shedding at least once. Four patients had a positive viral load before seroconversion.

Conclusions
Prevalence and incidence of HHV-8 infection were high in HIV-negative PrEP users. Among seropositive participants, HHV-8 DNA is mainly detected in saliva, which may play a major role in viral transmission in this population.
Clinical Trials Registration. ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01473472.
Improving Science That Uses Code
Authors: Thimbleby Harold 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
As code is now an inextricable part of science it should be supported by competent Software Engineering, analogously to statistical claims being properly supported by competent statistics.
If and when code avoids adequate scrutiny, science becomes unreliable and unverifiable because results — text, data, graphs, images, etc — depend on untrustworthy code.
Currently, scientists rarely assure the quality of the code they rely on, and rarely make it accessible for scrutiny. Even when available, scientists rarely provide adequate documentation to understand or use it reliably.
This paper proposes and justifies ways to improve science using code:
1. Professional Software Engineers can help, particularly in critical fields such as public health, climate change and energy.
2. ‘Software Engineering Boards,’ analogous to Ethics or Institutional Review Boards, should be instigated and used.
3. The Reproducible Analytic Pipeline (RAP) methodology can be generalized to cover code and Software Engineering methodologies, in a generalization this paper introduces called RAP+. RAP+ (or comparable interventions) could be supported and or even required in journal, conference and funding body policies.
The paper’s Supplemental Material provides a summary of Software Engineering best practice relevant to scientific research, including further suggestions for RAP+ workflows.
‘Science is what we understand well enough to explain to a computer.’ Donald E. Knuth in $A=B$ [ 1]
‘I have to write to discover what I am doing.’ Flannery O’Connor, quoted in Write for your life [ 2]
‘Criticism is the mother of methodology.’ Robert P. Abelson in Statistics as Principled Argument [ 3]
‘From its earliest times, science has operated by being open and transparent about methods and evidence, regardless of which technology has been in vogue.’ Editorial in Nature [4]
British Responses to Italian Non-Belligerence, September 1939–June 1940
Authors: Fiore Massimiliano 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This article provides an assessment of the British perception of Italy’s reality during the period of non-belligerence and of British political, diplomatic, and military responses from September 1939 to June 1940. It analyses the alternative options available to British political and military officials and evaluates the decisions they took during the period under consideration. It concludes that British political and military officials accurately understood Italy’s situation and Mussolini’s desire to join the war on Germany’s side. However, they rightly reasoned that Italy’s entry into the war depended on the outcome of the Western campaign. It was only if and when that campaign had been decided that Mussolini would make his move. Given this, the choice to concentrate British forces against Germany rather than dispersing them by opening new fronts or expanding the existing battlefield was reasonable. Had the Anglo-French allies managed to repel the offensive in the West, the threat of Italy’s intervention would have been averted. It can therefore be argued that London’s decision to refrain from engaging Rome militarily was not due to a lack of awareness regarding Italy’s vulnerability, but rather to a strategic doctrine aimed at defeating Germany through a long war of attrition. This decision showcased a shrewd understanding of the prevailing situation.
Prevalence and clinical features of armadillo repeat-containing 5 mutations carriers in a single center cohort of patients with bilateral adrenal incidentalomas
Authors: Morelli Valentina , Elli Francesca Marta , Frigerio Sofia , Vena Walter , Palmieri Serena , Lucca Camilla , Maffini Maria Antonia , Contarino Andrea , Bagnaresi Francesca , Mantovani Giovanna , Arosio Maura 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveWe aimed to evaluate the prevalence of armadillo repeat-containing 5 (ARMC5) genetic defects in our cohort of bilateral adrenal incidentaloma (BAI) patients and to evaluate the possible existence of genotype–phenotype correlations.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingTertiary care center.Participants72 BAI patients.Main Outcome Measure(s)The following data have been collected: morning adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) concentrations; cortisol levels after 1 mg overnight dexamethasone suppression test (F-1mgDST); urinary free cortisol (UFC) levels; diameter of the adrenal masses; and the association with overweight/obesity, arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, cardiovascular events, unrelated neoplasia, osteoporosis, thyroid nodular disease, and primary hyperparathyroidism. A search for ARMC5 germline and somatic pathogenic variants was performed in all patients and in the adrenal tissue of patients operated on, respectively.ResultsThe prevalence of germline ARMC5 pathogenic variants among patients with mild autonomous cortisol secretion (MACS+, defined as F-1mgDST &gt; 1.8 µg/dL) was 18.8%. No germline pathogenic variants were detected in patients without MACS. Moreover, somatic ARMC5 pathogenic variants were also found in the adrenal tissue of six patients without germline ARMC5 variants. The F-1mgDST levels &gt;5 µg/dL predicted with a poor sensitivity but a 90.5% specificity in identifying the presence of ARMC5 germline pathogenic variants. We did not find any clinical parameter predictive of the ARMC5 mutation presence.ConclusionsIn MACS+ BAI patients, germline ARMC5 gene pathogenic variants are frequent. Further studies are needed to elucidate the pathophysiological role of somatic ARMC5 pathogenic variants on adrenal tumor development in otherwise wild-type (WT) patients.
Twenty-five years of research on syncope
Authors: Fedorowski Artur , Kulakowski Piotr , Brignole Michele , de Lange Frederik J , Kenny Rose Anne , Moya Angel , Rivasi Giulia , Sheldon Robert , Van Dijk Gert , Sutton Richard , Deharo Jean-Claude 
Published: August 2023

AbstractOver the last 25 years, the Europace journal has greatly contributed to dissemination of research and knowledge in the field of syncope. More than 400 manuscripts have been published in the journal. They undoubtedly improved our understanding of syncope. This symptom is now clearly differentiated from other forms of transient loss of consciousness. The critical role of vasodepression and/or cardioinhibition as final mechanisms of reflex syncope is emphasized. Current diagnostic approach sharply separates between cardiac and autonomic pathways. Physiologic insights have been translated, through rigorously designed clinical trials, into non-pharmacological or pharmacological interventions and interventional therapies. The following manuscript is intended to give the reader the current state of the art of knowledge of syncope by highlighting landmark contributions of the Europace journal.
The evolving state of cardiac resynchronization therapy and conduction system pacing: 25 years of research at EP Europace journal
Authors: Ellenbogen Kenneth A , Auricchio Angelo , Burri Haran , Gold Michael R , Leclercq Christophe , Leyva Francisco , Linde Cecilia , Jastrzebski Marek , Prinzen Frits , Vernooy Kevin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) was proposed in the 1990s as a new therapy for patients with heart failure and wide QRS with depressed left ventricular ejection fraction despite optimal medical treatment. This review is aimed first to describe the rationale and the physiologic effects of CRT. The journey of the landmark randomized trials leading to the adoption of CRT in the guidelines since 2005 is also reported showing the high level of evidence for CRT. Different alternative pacing modalities of CRT to conventional left ventricular pacing through the coronary sinus have been proposed to increase the response rate to CRT such as multisite pacing and endocardial pacing. A new emerging alternative technique to conventional biventricular pacing, conduction system pacing (CSP), is a promising therapy. The different modalities of CSP are described (Hirs pacing and left bundle branch area pacing). This new technique has to be evaluated in clinical randomized trials before implementation in the guidelines with a high level of evidence.