bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enterprise life cycle, financial technology and digital transformation of banks—Evidence from China
Authors: Yongjie Zhu 
Published: April 2023

AbstractFinancial technology formed by the combination of digital technology and traditional finance is gradually changing the financial services model. The development of financial technology has influenced the behaviour of commercial banks. It has promoted the innovation of commercial banks. And it has promoted the digital transformation of commercial banks. In this paper, it is intended to explore the relationship between financial technology and digital transformation of banks through positive analysis. As well as to explore how the age of enterprises listed and enterprise life cycle affect the relationship between financial technology and digital transformation of banks. This paper conducts an empirical research on the data of China's A‐share listed banks from 2011 to 2021 using a two‐way fixed effects regression method. The results of the research indicate that financial technology promotes banks' digital transformation. Meanwhile, the age of enterprise listing and enterprise life cycle play a positive moderating role in financial technology promoting banks' digital transformation. In this paper, it is the first time to conduct an empirical research with the number of monthly active users of mobile banking as a proxy variable for digital transformation of banks, which enriches the study of financial technology. It has certain reference value for promoting digital transformation of banks.
Making Communities More Visible: Equity‐Centered Data to Achieve Health Equity
Authors: PONCE NINEZ A. , SHIMKHADA RITI , ADKINS‐JACKSON PARIS B. 
Published: April 2023

Policy PointsDespite decades of research exposing health disparities between populations and communities in the US, health equity goals remain largely unfulfilled. We argue these failures call for applying an equity lens in the way we approach data systems, from collection and analysis to interpretation and distribution. Hence, health equity requires data equity.There is notable federal interest in policy changes and federal investments to improve health equity. With this, we outline the opportunities to align these health equity goals with data equity by improving the way communities are engaged and how population data are collected, analyzed, interpreted, made accessible, and distributed.Policy priority areas for data equity include increasing the use of disaggregated data, increasing the use of currently underused federal data, building capacity for equity assessments, developing partnerships between government and community, and increasing data accountability to the public.
The Future of Public Mental Health: Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: McGINTY BETH 
Published: April 2023

Policy Points
Social policies such as policies advancing universal childcare to expand Medicaid coverage of home‐ and community‐based care for seniors and people with disabilities and for universal preschool are the types of policies needed to address social determinants of poor mental health.
Population‐based global budgeting approaches like accountable care and total cost of care models have the potential to improve population mental health by incentivizing health systems to control costs while simultaneously improving outcomes for the populations they serve.
Policies expanding reimbursement for services delivered by peer support specialists are needed. People with lived experience of mental illness are uniquely well suited to helping their peers navigate treatment and other support services.
Obesity as a Main Threat to Future Improvements in Population Health: Policy Opportunities and Challenges
Authors: MEHTA NEIL K. 
Published: April 2023

Policy Points
Obesity has emerged as a main threat to future improvements in population health, and there is little evidence that the epidemic is retreating.
The traditional model of “calories in, calories out,” which has guided public health policy for decades, is increasingly viewed as far too simple a framing to explain the evolution of the epidemic or guide public policy.
Advances in the science of obesity, coming from many fields, highlight the structural nature of the risk, which has provided an evidence base to justify and guide policies toward addressing the social and environmental drivers of obesity.
Societies and researchers need to play the long game in that widespread reductions in obesity in the short run are unlikely. Nonetheless, there are opportunities. Policies specifically targeting the food environment such as taxing high‐calorie beverages and foods, restricting the marketing of junk foods to children, enhancing food labeling, and improving the dietary environment at schools may yield long‐run benefits.
The Future of Road Safety: Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: EHSANI JOHNATHON P. , MICHAEL JEFFREY P. , MacKENZIE ELLEN J. 
Published: April 2023

Policy Points
Traditional approaches to addressing motor vehicle crashes are yielding diminishing returns. A comprehensive strategy known as the Safe Systems approach shows promise in both advancing safety and equity and reducing motor vehicle crashes.
In addition, a range of emerging technologies, enabled by artificial intelligence, such as automated vehicles, impairment detection and telematics hold promise to advance road safety.
Ultimately, the transportation system will need to evolve to provide the safe, efficient, and equitable movement of people and goods without reliance on private vehicle ownership, towards encouraging walking, bicycling and the use of public transportation.
Algorithmic inclusion: Shaping the predictive algorithms of artificial intelligence in hiring
Authors: Kelan Elisabeth K. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDespite frequent claims that increased use of artificial intelligence (AI) in hiring will reduce the human bias that has long plagued recruitment and selection, AI may equally replicate and amplify such bias and embed it in technology. This article explores exclusion and inclusion in AI‐supported hiring, focusing on three interrelated areas: data, design and decisions. It is suggested that in terms of data, organisational fit, categorisations and intersectionality require consideration in relation to exclusion. As various stakeholders collaborate to create AI, it is essential to explore which groups are dominant and how subjective assessments are encoded in technology. Although AI‐supported hiring should enhance recruitment decisions, evidence is lacking on how humans and machines interact in decision‐making, and how algorithms can be audited and regulated effectively for inclusion. This article recommends areas for interrogation through further research, and contributes to understanding how algorithmic inclusion can be achieved in AI‐supported hiring.
Identification of the EH CRISPR‐Cas9 system on a metagenome and its application to genome engineering
Authors: Esquerra‐Ruvira Belen , Baquedano Ignacio , Ruiz Raul , Fernandez Almudena , Montoliu Lluis , Mojica Francisco J. M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractNon‐coding RNAs (crRNAs) produced from clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) loci and CRISPR‐associated (Cas) proteins of the prokaryotic CRISPR‐Cas systems form complexes that interfere with the spread of transmissible genetic elements through Cas‐catalysed cleavage of foreign genetic material matching the guide crRNA sequences. The easily programmable targeting of nucleic acids enabled by these ribonucleoproteins has facilitated the implementation of CRISPR‐based molecular biology tools for in vivo and in vitro modification of DNA and RNA targets. Despite the diversity of DNA‐targeting Cas nucleases so far identified, native and engineered derivatives of the Streptococcus pyogenes SpCas9 are the most widely used for genome engineering, at least in part due to their catalytic robustness and the requirement of an exceptionally short motif (5′‐NGG‐3′ PAM) flanking the target sequence. However, the large size of the SpCas9 variants impairs the delivery of the tool to eukaryotic cells and smaller alternatives are desirable. Here, we identify in a metagenome a new CRISPR‐Cas9 system associated with a smaller Cas9 protein (EHCas9) that targets DNA sequences flanked by 5′‐NGG‐3′ PAMs. We develop a simplified EHCas9 tool that specifically cleaves DNA targets and is functional for genome editing applications in prokaryotes and eukaryotic cells.
Discovery of a bifunctional xylanolytic enzyme with arabinoxylan arabinofuranohydrolase‐d3 and endo‐xylanase activities and its application in the hydrolysis of cereal arabinoxylans
Authors: Wang Ruonan , Zhang Yu , Liu Liang , Yang Jinshui , Yuan Hongli 
Published: April 2023

AbstractXylanolytic enzymes, with both endo‐xylanase and arabinoxylan arabinofuranohydrolase (AXH) activities, are attractive for the economically feasible conversion of recalcitrant arabinoxylan. However, their characterization and utilization of these enzymes in biotechnological applications have been limited. Here, we characterize a novel bifunctional enzyme, rAbf43A, cloned from a bacterial consortium that exhibits AXH and endo‐xylanase activities. Hydrolytic pattern analyses revealed that the AXH activity belongs to AXHd3 because it attacked only the C(O)‐3‐linked arabinofuranosyl residues of double‐substituted xylopyranosyl units of arabinoxylan and arabinoxylan‐derived oligosaccharides, which are usually resistant to hydrolysis. The enzyme rAbf43A also liberated a series of xylo‐oligosaccharides (XOSs) from beechwood xylan, xylohexaose and xylopentaose, indicating that rAbf43A exhibited endo‐xylanase activity. Homology modelling based on AlphaFold2 and site‐directed mutagenesis identified three non‐catalytic residues (H161, A270 and L505) located in the substrate‐binding pocket essential for its dual‐functionality, while the mutation of A117 located in the −1 subsite to the proline residue only affected its endo‐xylanase activity. Additionally, rAbf43A showed significant synergistic action with the bifunctional xylanase/feruloyl esterase rXyn10A/Fae1A from the same bacterial consortium on insoluble wheat arabinoxylan and de‐starched wheat bran degradation. When rXyn10A/Fae1A was added to the rAbf43A pre‐hydrolyzed reactions, the amount of released reducing sugars, xylose and ferulic acid increased by 9.43% and 25.16%, 189.37% and 93.54%, 31.39% and 32.30%, respectively, in comparison with the sum of hydrolysis products released by each enzyme alone. The unique characteristics of rAbf43A position it as a promising candidate not only for designing high‐performance enzyme cocktails but also for investigating the structure–function relationship of GH43 multifunctional enzymes.
Sexual dimorphism in the peripheral metabolic homeostasis and behavior in the TgF344‐AD rat model of Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Srivastava Hemant , Lasher Alexander Tate , Nagarajan Akash , Sun Liou Y. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAlzheimer's disease (AD), a prevalent form of dementia, is characterized by the decline of cognitive abilities with age. Available treatment options for AD are limited, making it a significant public health concern. Recent research suggests that metabolic dysfunction plays a role in the development of AD. In addition, insulin therapy has been shown to improve memory in patients with cognitive decline. In this study, we report the first examination of body composition, peripheral insulin sensitivity, and glucose tolerance in relation to behavioral assessments of learning, memory, and anxiety in the TgF344‐AD rat model of AD. Results from glucose and insulin tolerance tests show that female TgF344‐AD rats exhibit impaired glucose clearance and reduced insulin sensitivity at both 9 and 12 months of age, while males display no differences at 9 months and even improved glucose clearance at 12 months. Results from the Morris Water Maze assessment of learning and memory reveal that male TgF344‐AD rats display impairments at both 9 and 12 months of age, while female TgF344‐AD rats only show impairments at 12 months. Furthermore, results from open field and elevated plus maze tests suggest that female TgF344‐AD rats display increased anxiety at 9 months of age; however, no differences were detected in males or at 12 months of age. Overall, our findings suggest that impairments in metabolism, commonly associated with type 2 diabetes, occur before or simultaneously with cognitive decline and anxiety in a sexually dimorphic manner in the TgF344‐AD rat model.
Debonding of LDSVs utilising Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation with fractional technique: an in vitro study
Authors: Al‐Karadaghi SS , Jawad Hussein A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe removal of porcelain laminate veneers with rotary instruments could be accompanied by microfractures because differentiation of the veneer from the dental structure and resin cement is not a highly selective procedure. This can lead to scratches and overheating of the enamel and patient discomfort. Therefore, this in vitro research aimed to examine the effectiveness of the 2790 nm Er,Cr:YSGG laser utilizing a fractional technique to debond lithium disilicate veneer.MethodsSix groups of 30 extracted permanent bovine mandibular incisors were selected. Twenty‐five samples, G1–5, (n = 5) laser‐irradiated groups, and the last five samples (C) were considered the control group. The tested groups were irradiated with 3–5 W output power of Er,Cr:YSGG laser for time intervals of 50 s. During irradiation, the temperature in the pulp chamber was monitored using a thermocouple connected to a digital multilogger thermometer inside the sample's pulp chamber. Subsequently, the shear bond strength was measured for all groups. Furthermore, the remaining adhesive index was measured using a stereomicroscope, the area was analysed, and then transformed into scores. Finally, one untreated sample and two samples of the highest power value from laser‐treated groups were examined using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) for their surface morphology.ResultsAll debonding protocols were safe regarding intrapulpal temperature increment. The highest temperature elevation was recorded at 5 W, which increased by 1.7 °C. Considering the shear bond strength measurement, there was a significant reduction after laser irradiation for G1–5 compared with group C.ConclusionsEr,Cr:YSGG laser with a fractional technique can be used successfully for veneer removal. Besides safe temperature rising, veneers can be reused because there was neither a fractured specimen during the whole study nor major irregularities or cracks shown in SEM pictures analysis for the veneer surfaces; thus, they can be removed quickly, safely, and comfortably using Er,Cr:YSGG. © 2023 Australian Dental Association.
Antithrombotic drug use does not affect the fecal immunochemical test PPV for colorectal cancer, but warfarin may have an impact in a Japanese cohort
Authors: Sakamoto Tatsuya , Nishida Tsutomu , Nakamatsu Dai , Watanabe Asuka , Kitanaka Takao , Minoura Yutaro , Hosokawa Kana , Okabe Satoru , Sakamoto Naohiro , Fujii Yoshifumi , Osugi Naoto , Sugimoto Aya , Matsumoto Kengo , Hayashi Shiro , Nakajima Sachiko , Yamamoto Masashi 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe fecal immunochemical test (FIT) is used for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening. Patients on antithrombotic drugs (ATs) are often screened for CRC, but the effect of ATs on FIT results is controversial.MethodsWe divided individuals with FIT‐positive results into two groups, patients treated with and without ATs, and retrospectively compared invasive CRC rates, advanced neoplasia detection rates (ANDRs), adenoma detection rates (ADRs), and polyp detection rates (PDRs) between the two groups. We evaluated the factors influencing the FIT positive predictive value (PPV) using propensity matching, adjusting for age, sex, and bowel preparation.ResultsWe enrolled 2327 individuals (54.9% male; mean age, 66.7  ±  12.7 years). We grouped 463 individuals into the AT user group and 1864 into the nonuser group. Patients in the AT user group were significantly older and more likely to be male. After propensity score matching for age, sex, and Boston bowel preparation scale, the ADR and PDR in the AT user group were significantly lower than those in the nonuser group. Univariate logistic analysis revealed that multiple AT use (odds ratio [OR]: .39, p < 0.001) had the lowest OR for FIT PPV, followed by age‐ and sex‐adjusted factors for the ADR and any AT use (OR: .67, p = 0.0007). No significant factors related to AT use were observed among age‐adjusted predictive factors for invasive CRC, but warfarin use was a borderline significant positive predictive factor (OR: 2.23, p = 0.059).ConclusionAT use may not affect the PPV for detecting invasive CRC in patients with positive FIT results, but warfarin may have an impact.
The first steps for adapting an artificial intelligence emotion expression recognition software for emotional management in the educational context
Authors: Fernández Herrero Jorge , Gómez Donoso Francisco , Roig Vila Rosabel 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTo test the suitability of an automatic system for emotional management in the classroom following the control‐value theory of achievement emotions (CVT) framework, the performance of an emotional expression recognition software of our creation is evaluated in an online synchronous context. Sixty students from the Faculty of Education at the University of Alicante participated in 16 educational activities recording close‐ups of their faces and completing the AEQ emotional self‐report, as well as detailed reports from the subsequent review of their videos. In addition, they completed the VCQ‐36 test to measure their volitional competencies and relate their influence on their emotional response. The results indicate a high coherence between the emotional expressions detected by the automatic system and the detailed emotional self‐reports, but insufficient precision to meet the CVT requirements. On the other hand, both the AEQ test results and the emotion expression recognition software suggest students' preference for participative activities as opposed to passive ones. Meanwhile, statistical analysis results indicate that volitional competencies seem to influence the emotional response of students in the educational context, although the AI system does not show sufficient sensitivity in this field. Implications and limitations of this study for future work are discussed.
Practitioner notesWhat is already known about this topic

Student motivation and involvement in the learning process are highly related to appropriate emotional regulation, which can be associated with particular educational activities, strategies and methodologies.

Deep learning technology based on convolutional neural networks feeds automatic systems focused on facial expression recognition from image analysis.

What this paper adds

There is high coherence between the emotional expressions detected by the AI system and the students' emotional self‐reports, but the AI system provides just emotional valences, insufficient to meet the CVT framework.

Both emotional self‐reports and the emotion recognition software suggest students' preference for active educational activities as opposed to passive ones.

Volitional competencies seem to influence the emotional response of students in the educational context.

Implications for practice and/or policy

It is possible to use automatic systems to effectively monitor the emotional response of students in the learning process.

Only if sensitivity improved, a real‐time, easy‐to‐interpret emotional expression recognition software interface could be implemented to assist teachers with the emotional management of their classes within the CVT framework, maximizing their motivation and engagement.
A meta‐analysis of human disturbance effects on glucocorticoid hormones in free‐ranging wild vertebrates
Authors: Pérez‐Ortega Betzi , Hendry Andrew P. 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACTFree‐ranging wild vertebrates need to cope with natural and anthropogenic stressors that cause short and/or long‐term behavioural and physiological responses. In areas of high human disturbance, the use of glucocorticoid (GC) hormones as biomarkers to measure stress responses is an increasingly common tool for understanding how animals cope with human disturbance. We conducted a meta‐analysis to investigate how human disturbances such as habitat conversion, habitat degradation, and ecotourism influence baseline GC hormones of free‐ranging wild vertebrates, and we further test the role of protected areas in reducing the impact of such disturbances on these hormones. A total of 58 studies met the inclusion criteria, providing 152 data points for comparing levels of GC hormones under disturbed and undisturbed conditions. The overall effect size suggests that human disturbance does not cause a consistent increase in levels of GC hormones (Hedges' g = 0.307, 95% CI = −0.062 to 0.677). However, when the data were analysed by disturbance type, living in unprotected areas or in areas with habitat conversion were found to increase GC hormone levels compared to living in protected or undisturbed areas. By contrast, we found no evidence that ecotourism or habitat degradation generates a consistent increase in baseline GC hormone levels. Among taxonomic groups, mammals appeared more sensitive to human disturbance than birds. We advocate the use of GC hormones for inferring major human‐caused contributors to the stress levels of free‐ranging wild vertebrates – although such information needs to be combined with other measures of stress and interpreted in the context of an organism's life history, behaviour, and history of interactions with human disturbance.
TAF1D promotes proliferation by transcriptionally activating G2/M phase‐related genes in MYCN‐amplified neuroblastoma
Authors: Zhang Xuan , Zhan Shijia , Guan Xiaoxing , Zhang Yanli , Lu Jie , Yu Yongbo , Jin Yaqiong , Yang Yeran , Chu Ping , Hong Enyu , Yang Hui , Ren Huimin , Geng Di , Wang Yadi , Zhou Pingping , Guo Yongli , Chang Yan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHigh‐risk neuroblastoma (HR‐NB) is an aggressive childhood cancer that responds poorly to currently available therapies and is associated with only about a 50% 5‐year survival rate. MYCN amplification is a critical driver of these aggressive tumors, but so far there have not been any approved treatments to effectively treat HR‐NB by targeting MYCN or its downstream effectors. Thus, the identification of novel molecular targets and therapeutic strategies to treat children diagnosed with HR‐NB represents an urgent unmet medical need. Here, we conducted a targeted siRNA screening and identified TATA box‐binding protein‐associated factor RNA polymerase I subunit D, TAF1D, as a critical regulator of the cell cycle and proliferation in HR‐NB cells. Analysis of three independent primary NB cohorts determined that high TAF1D expression correlated with MYCN‐amplified, high‐risk disease and poor clinical outcomes. TAF1D knockdown more robustly inhibited cell proliferation in MYCN‐amplified NB cells compared with MYCN‐non‐amplified NB cells, as well as suppressed colony formation and inhibited tumor growth in a xenograft mouse model of MYCN‐amplified NB. RNA‐seq analysis revealed that TAF1D knockdown downregulates the expression of genes associated with the G2/M transition, including the master cell‐cycle regulator, cell‐cycle‐dependent kinase 1 (CDK1), resulting in cell‐cycle arrest at G2/M. Our findings demonstrate that TAF1D is a key oncogenic regulator of MYCN‐amplified HR‐NB and suggest that therapeutic targeting of TAF1D may be a viable strategy to treat HR‐NB patients by blocking cell‐cycle progression and the proliferation of tumor cells.