bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combined effect of metabolites produced by a modified Lactobacillus casei and berry phenolic extract on Campylobacter and microbiome in chicken cecum contents
Authors: Tabashsum Zajeba , Alvarado‐Martinez Zabdiel , Wall Matthew J. , Aditya Arpita , Biswas Debabrata 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCampylobacter is one of the most common foodborne bacterial pathogens causing illness, known as campylobacteriosis, in the United States. More than 70% of the campylobacteriosis cases have direct or indirect relation with poultry/poultry products. Currently, both conventional and organic/pasture poultry farmers are searching for sustainable alternative to antibiotics which can reduce colonization and cross‐contamination of poultry products with Campylobacter and promote poultry health and growth. Probiotic and their nutritional supplement, known as prebiotic, have become consumers’ preferences as alternatives to antibiotics/chemicals. In this study, we evaluated the combined effect of plant‐derived prebiotic and probiotic‐derived metabolites in reducing growth of Campylobacter in cecum contents, a simulated chicken gut condition. Cecum contents were collected from chickens pre‐inoculated with kanamycin‐resistant Campylobacter (CJRMKm), were incubated over 48 h time period, while being supplemented with either berry phenolic extract (BPE), cell free cultural supernatant from an engineered probiotic, Lactobacillus casei, or their combination. It was found that combine treatments were able to reduce both inoculated and naturally colonized Campylobacter more effectively. Microbiome analysis using 16S rRNA sequencing also revealed that combine treatments were capable to alter natural microflora positively within chicken cecum contents. Differences were observed in bacterial abundance at both phylum and genus level but did not show significant alteration in alpha diversity due to this treatment.Practical ApplicationThe results of this study provide critical information for understanding the potential of synbiotic as an alternative in sustainable poultry farming. The outcomes of this study will lead future direction of using combination of probiotic‐derived metabolites and BPE in poultry farming.
The effect of vegetable oil pre‐emulsified with whey protein and pectin on physicochemical properties and microstructure of low‐fat yogurt
Authors: Li Hongjuan , Zhang Yumeng , Liu Xia , Li Mengfan , Zhang Leilei , Yang Jingjing , Li Dan , Li Hongbo , Wang Xiaopeng , Yu Jinghua 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe effects of whey protein isolate (WPI)‐pectin pre‐emulsified vegetable oil on the physicochemical properties and microstructure of low‐fat yogurt (LFY) were investigated by particle size distribution, water‐holding capacity (WHC), texture, rheology, electron microscopy, storage stability, and sensory analysis. The vegetable oil was pre‐emulsified into two types of emulsions, a mixed emulsion (ME: WPI‐pectin complexes were adsorbed directly at the interface) and a bilayer emulsion (BE: Pectin was added to a previously established WPI‐stabilized interface). The results showed that yogurts added with pre‐emulsified vegetable oil (ME‐Y, BE‐Y) had significantly better quality than LFY, with better WHC, textural properties, rheological properties, and storage stability. The average particle size of ME (11.96 µm) was larger than that of BE (10.23 µm). The consistency of yogurt added with ME (ME‐Y) was significantly higher than that of yogurt added with BE (BE‐Y), at 2359.10 and 2181.12 g s, respectively. Meanwhile, ME‐Y exhibited storage stability similar to full‐fat control (FFY) and higher sensory scores. Interestingly, the WHC of BE‐Y (49.03%) was higher than that of ME‐Y (45.63%). In addition, WPI + Pectin‐Y exhibited higher WHC (53.81%) and consistency (2518.73 g s) compared to ME‐Y and BE‐Y, but the particle size distribution was not uniform, and the direct addition of WPI, pectin, and oil had no positive effect on improving the rheological properties of yogurt. Overall, the addition of WPI‐pectin pre‐emulsified vegetable oil improved the quality of LFY. These findings are particularly relevant for the production of higher quality LFY.
A novel assembly pipeline and functional annotations for targeted sequencing: A case study on the globally threatened Margaritiferidae (Bivalvia: Unionida)
Authors: Gomes‐dos‐Santos André , Froufe Elsa , Pfeiffer John M. , Johnson Nathan A. , Smith Chase H. , Machado André M. , C. Castro L. Filipe , Do Van Tu , Hattori Akimasa , Garrison Nicole , Whelan Nathan V. , Bolotov Ivan N. , Vikhrev Ilya V. , Kondakov Alexander V. , Ghamizi Mohamed , Prié Vincent , Bogan Arthur E. , Lopes Lima Manuel 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe proliferation of genomic sequencing approaches has significantly impacted the field of phylogenetics. Target capture approaches provide a cost‐effective, fast and easily applied strategy for phylogenetic inference of non‐model organisms. However, several existing target capture processing pipelines are incapable of incorporating whole genome sequencing (WGS). Here, we develop a new pipeline for capture and de novo assembly of the targeted regions using whole genome re‐sequencing reads. This new pipeline captured targeted loci accurately, and given its unbiased nature, can be used with any target capture probe set. Moreover, due to its low computational demand, this new pipeline may be ideal for users with limited resources and when high‐coverage sequencing outputs are required. We demonstrate the utility of our approach by incorporating WGS data into the first comprehensive phylogenomic reconstruction of the freshwater mussel family Margaritiferidae. We also provide a catalogue of well‐curated functional annotations of these previously uncharacterized freshwater mussel‐specific target regions, representing a complementary tool for scrutinizing phylogenetic inferences while expanding future applications of the probe set.
A Bronze to Iron Age fishing economy at Kalbāʾ 4 (Emirate of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates)
Authors: Lidour Kevin , Beech Mark J. , Eddisford Daniel , Phillips Carl S. , Schwall Christoph , Jasim Sabah A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis paper represents a study of archaeological fish remains retrieved from the excavations conducted by C. S. Phillips between 1993 and 2001 at Kalbāʾ 4 (Emirate of Sharjah, UAE). Kalbāʾ 4 is a major coastal site that was continuously occupied from the Umm an‐Nar period to the Iron Age (c. 2700–600 BCE). The site is of particular interest regarding monumental architecture, pottery studies and exchange networks across Arabia and its neighbouring regions from the Bronze Age onwards. A corpus of about 5500 fish remains provides information on fishing economies during the entire occupation of the site. Data regarding fish complement results previously obtained from the study of other fauna including marine molluscs, sea turtles, terrestrial and marine mammals. They allow us to document a fishing‐based economy at Kalbāʾ 4. The results highlight the exploitation of a quite limited range of fish taxa associated mostly with reef areas (groupers, trevallies, snappers, spangled emperors, King soldierbreams), brackish waters (mullets) and the open sea (scombrids). The techniques seem to have mainly involved the use of baited lines from boats, fishing nets and possibly cage traps. The discussion includes comparisons with the other main fish studies conducted for the Bronze Age and the Iron Age in Eastern Arabia.
The characteristics and treatment outcomes of people with very late onset of problem drinking
Authors: Seddon Jennifer , Wadd Sarah 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe characteristics and outcomes of people who begin to experience problems with alcohol later in life are not well understood. This study examines whether people with a very late‐onset of problem drinking, defined as occurring after the age of 60, differ in their use of alcohol, mental health functioning, and alcohol treatment outcomes from people with an earlier onset of problem drinking.MethodSeven hundred eighty participants aged 50+ were categorized as either early onset (<25 years, n = 119, 15%), mid‐onset (25–39 years, n = 200, 26%), late‐onset (40–59 years, n = 376, 48%) or very late‐onset problem drinkers (≥60 years, n = 85, 11%). Participants completed measures on alcohol use, mental health, and cognitive functioning.ResultsEleven percent of participants had very late onset of problem drinking. After controlling for age as a covariate, age of onset of problem drinking was not associated with level of alcohol intake or cognitive functioning, but individuals with very late onset of problem drinking had significantly lower levels of depression and significantly better mental health well‐being. Age of onset was not associated with treatment outcomes (i.e., change in alcohol use following treatment or treatment completion).ConclusionPeople who first experience problems with alcohol after the age of 60 may have better mental health functioning than people with an earlier age of problem drinking. The results suggest that the age of onset of problem drinking may be a poor predictor of alcohol use severity and treatment outcomes and older adults can benefit from alcohol treatment irrespective of the age problem drinking began.
Carbon‐ion radiotherapy for inoperable upper tract ureteral cancer
Authors: Mizukami Tatsuji , Kawamura Hidemasa , Kubo Nobuteru , Sato Hiro , Kawahara Masahiro , Adachi Akiko , Matsui Hiroshi , Suzuki Kazuhiro , Saitoh Jun‐ichi , Nakano Takashi , Ohno Tatsuya 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAimThis study aimed to report initial results of hypofractionated carbon‐ion radiotherapy (C‐ion RT) for inoperable upper tract ureteral cancer.MethodsRetrospective chart review was performed for five consecutive patients with medically inoperable ureter cancer that was treated with radical C‐ion RT between December 2013 and December 2014. The median age of the patients was 80 years (range, 68–84 years). The reasons for inoperability were advanced age, post‐contralateral nephrectomy, alcoholic cirrhosis, both advanced age and contralateral renal function degeneracy, and pneumonia. The median size of tumor was 2.8 cm (range, 2.2–4.0 cm). Diagnostic imaging did not identify lymph node metastases or distant metastases in any case. All patients underwent C‐ion RT (52.8 Gy relative biological effectiveness; 12 fractions in 3 weeks). The clinical target volume encompassed the growth tumor volume with a 5‐mm margin bilaterally; there was a 40‐mm margin craniocaudally but the clinical target volume did not encompass the whole ureter.ResultsWithin a median follow‐up time of 32.9 months (range, 24–36 months), two patients died and three remained alive. Neither local recurrence nor regional lymph node metastases were observed. Secondary bladder tumor was observed in four patients, and one patient had a liver metastasis. Grade 1 hematuria was observed in two patients, and Grade 3 pyelonephritis was observed in one patient as acute toxicity. Ureteral obstruction was observed in two patients.ConclusionC‐ion RT might be a useful treatment option for inoperable ureter cancer.
Patterns and cost of care according to keratinocyte cancer risk stratification in a volunteer population screening clinic: Real‐world data from the TRoPICS study
Authors: Lee Ruby Chia‐Lin , Liyanage Upekha , Fry Kirsty , Brown Susan , von Schuckmann Lena , Spelman Lynda , Soyer H. Peter , Neale Rachel E. , Gordon Louisa G. , Whiteman David C. , Olsen Catherine M. , Janda Monika , Khosrotehrani Kiarash 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundRisk prediction tools have been developed for keratinocyte cancers (KCs) to effectively categorize individuals with different levels of skin cancer burden. Few have been clinically validated nor routinely used in clinical settings.ObjectivesTo assess whether risk prediction tool categories associate with interventions including chemoprophylaxis for skin cancer, and health‐care costs in a dermatologist‐run screening clinic.MethodsAdult participants who presented to a walk‐in screening facility were invited to participate. A self‐completed KC risk prediction tool was used to classify participants into one of the five risk categories. Participants subsequently underwent full skin examination by a dermatologist. Dermatological interventions and skin cancer‐related medical prescriptions were documented. Total health‐care costs, both to the health‐care system and patients were evaluated.ResultsOf the 507 participants recruited, 5‐fluorouracil cream and nicotinamide were more frequently prescribed in the higher risk groups as chemoprophylaxis (p < 0.005). A significant association with high predicted risk was also observed in the use of cryotherapy and curettage and cautery (p < 0.05). The average health‐care costs associated with a skin check visit increased from $90 ± 37 (standard deviation) in the lowest risk group to $149 ± 97 in the highest risk group (p < 0.0001).ConclusionsWe observed a positive association between higher predicted risk of skin cancer and the prescription of chemoprophylaxis and health‐care costs involved with opportunistic community skin cancer screening. A clinical use of risk stratification may be to provide an opportunity for clinicians to discuss skin cancer prevention and chemoprophylaxis with individual patients.
Practitioner characteristics, diagnostic accuracy metrics and discovering‐individual with respect to 637 melanomas documented by 27 general practitioners on the Skin Cancer Audit Research Database
Authors: Coetzer‐Botha Martelle , Jimenez Balcells Clara , Hay Jeremy , Keir Jeff , Rosendahl Nikita , Wilson Tobias , Clark Simon , Baade Astrid , Becker Cath , Bookallil Luke , Clifopoulos Chris , Dicker Tony , Denby Martin Paul , Duthie Douglas , Elliott Charles , Fishburn Paul , Foley Mark , Franck Mark , Giam Irene , Gordillo Patricio , Lilleyman Alister , Macauley Roger , Maher James , McPhee Ewen , Reid Michael , Shirlaw Bob , Siggs Graeme , Spark Robert , Stretch John , van Den Heever Keith , van Rensburg Thinus , Watson Chris , Kittler Harald , Rosendahl Cliff 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveKnowledge of accuracy for melanoma diagnosis and melanoma discovering‐individual in primary care is limited. We describe general practitioner (GP) characteristics and analyse defined diagnostic accuracy metrics for GPs in the current study comparing this with a previous study for GPs common to both, and we analyse the individual first discovering each melanoma as a lesion of concern.MethodsThe characteristics and diagnostic accuracy of 27 Australasian GPs documenting 637 melanomas on the Skin Cancer Audit Research Database (SCARD) in 2013 were described and analysed. The number needed to treat (NNT) and percentage of melanomas that were in situ (percentage in situ) were analysed as surrogates for specificity and sensitivity, respectively. The discovering‐individual was analysed according to patient age and sex and lesion Breslow thickness.ResultsThe average NNT and percentage in situ were 5.73% and 65.07%, respectively. For 21 GPs in both a 2008–2010 study and the current study, the NNT was 10.78 and 5.56, respectively (p = 0.0037). A consistent trend of decreasing NNT and increasing percentage in situ through increasingly subspecialised GP categories did not reach statistical significance. NNT trended high at ages and sites for which melanoma was rare. While the patient or family member was more likely to discover thick melanomas and melanomas in patients under 40 years, GPs discovered 73.9% of the melanomas as lesions of concern.ConclusionsGPs were the discovering‐individuals for the majority of melanomas in the current study and their accuracy metrics compared favourably with published figures for dermatologists and GPs.
Prognostic factors for chronic post‐surgical pain after lung and pleural surgery: a systematic review with meta‐analysis, meta‐regression and trial sequential analysis
Authors: Clephas P. R. D. , Hoeks S. E. , Singh P. M. , Guay C. S. , Trivella M. , Klimek M. , Heesen M. 
Published: April 2023

SummaryChronic post‐surgical pain is known to be a common complication of thoracic surgery and has been associated with a lower quality of life, increased healthcare utilisation, substantial direct and indirect costs, and increased long‐term use of opioids. This systematic review with meta‐analysis aimed to identify and summarise the evidence of all prognostic factors for chronic post‐surgical pain after lung and pleural surgery. Electronic databases were searched for retrospective and prospective observational studies as well as randomised controlled trials that included patients undergoing lung or pleural surgery and reported on prognostic factors for chronic post‐surgical pain. We included 56 studies resulting in 45 identified prognostic factors, of which 16 were pooled with a meta‐analysis. Prognostic factors that increased chronic post‐surgical pain risk were as follows: higher postoperative pain intensity (day 1, 0–10 score), mean difference (95%CI) 1.29 (0.62–1.95), p < 0.001; pre‐operative pain, odds ratio (95%CI) 2.86 (1.94–4.21), p < 0.001; and longer surgery duration (in minutes), mean difference (95%CI) 12.07 (4.99–19.16), p < 0.001. Prognostic factors that decreased chronic post‐surgical pain risk were as follows: intercostal nerve block, odds ratio (95%CI) 0.76 (0.61–0.95) p = 0.018 and video‐assisted thoracic surgery, 0.54 (0.43–0.66) p < 0.001. Trial sequential analysis was used to adjust for type 1 and type 2 errors of statistical analysis and confirmed adequate power for these prognostic factors. In contrast to other studies, we found that age had no significant effect on chronic post‐surgical pain and there was not enough evidence to conclude on sex. Meta‐regression did not reveal significant effects of any of the study covariates on the prognostic factors with a significant effect on chronic post‐surgical pain. Expressed as grading of recommendations, assessment, development and evaluations criteria, the certainty of evidence was high for pre‐operative pain and video‐assisted thoracic surgery, moderate for intercostal nerve block and surgery duration and low for postoperative pain intensity. We thus identified actionable factors which can be addressed to attempt to reduce the risk of chronic post‐surgical pain after lung surgery.
A pilot study of the use of artificial intelligence with high‐fidelity simulations in assessing endovascular procedural competence independent of a human examiner
Authors: Saricilar Erin C. , Burgess Annette , Freeman Anthony 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundWith increased need for vascular surgery trainees to gain endovascular surgery proficiency, current models of case‐numbers and subjective visual assessment are inadequate in capturing the skills required in endovascular surgery. We explored the use of high‐fidelity simulators in (1) assessing endovascular surgical competence; (2) clinical decision making; and (3) the reliability of an artificial intelligence (AI) assessor.MethodsRegistrars, fellows and consultants from vascular surgery, interventional radiology and general surgery performed identical procedures on a high‐fidelity simulator. Performance was independently assessed using a modified Reznick scale. Scores were compared to raw metric data extracted from the simulator, objective scores extracted from the recordings and analysed by AI.Results22 participants were enrolled from vascular surgery (n = 6, 27.3%), interventional radiology (n = 10, 45.5%) and general surgery (n = 6, 27.3%). There were 12 trainees, 2 fellows and 8 consultants. Significant correlations between raw metric data and all categories of the modified Reznick scale except ‘respect for tissue’ were found. An AI demonstrated positive reliability in all categories, with some predictions being moderately correlated.ConclusionThe use of high‐fidelity simulators to assess endovascular surgical competence has comparable correlations to the traditional assessment methods with global rating scales, which can be used in formative assessment. AI demonstrates an ability to support assessment but requires further research.
Letter: fulminant‐onset complicated inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)—a unique subtype?
Authors: Szigeti Reka , Krishna Mahesh , Kellermayer Richard 
Published: April 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Jayasooriya et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17370 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17445
Editorial: mitochondrial respiratory chain activity—a potential link with disease severity and treatment response in alcoholic hepatitis
Authors: Singal Ashwani K. 
Published: April 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Solís‐Muñoz et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17434 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17469
Editorial: “being normal weight each day keeps NAFLD and fibrosis away”—the importance of reducing cumulative exposure to overweight
Authors: Yilmaz Yusuf 
Published: April 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Ajmera et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17452 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17478
Letter: Potassium‐competitive acid blockers may increase the risk of gastric cancer after Helicobacter pylori eradication a retrospective multicentre‐cohort analysis
Authors: Arai Junya , Hayakawa Yoku , Niikura Ryota , Ihara Sozaburo , Aoki Tomonori , Honda Tetsuro , Okamura Takuma , Hasatani Kenkei , Yoshida Naohiro , Nishida Tsutomu , Sumiyoshi Tetsuya , Kiyotoki Shu , Ikeya Takashi , Arai Masahiro , Fujishiro Mitsuhiro 
Published: April 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Piovani et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17360 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17480
Editorial: mitochondrial respiratory chain activity—a potential link with disease severity and treatment response in alcoholic hepatitis. Authors' reply
Authors: Solís‐Muñoz Pablo , de la Flor‐Robledo María , Fernández‐García Carlos E. , González‐Rodríguez Águeda , García‐Monzón Carmelo 
Published: April 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Solís‐Muñoz et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17434 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17440
Editorial: improvement of cardiovascular risk factor control in patients with type 2 diabetes and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease—time for action! Authors' reply
Authors: Zhang Xinrong , Wong Grace Lai‐Hung , Wong Vincent Wai‐Sun , Yip Terry Cheuk‐Fung 
Published: April 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Zhang et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17428 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17467
Editorial: “being normal weight each day keeps NAFLD and fibrosis away”—the importance of reducing cumulative exposure to overweight. Authors' reply
Authors: Ajmera Veeral 
Published: April 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Ajmera et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17452 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17460.
Letter: higher severe outcomes among Helicobacter pylori‐related lean patients with non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease and metabolic comorbidities
Authors: Kountouras Jannis , Papaefthymiou Apostolis , Polyzos Stergios A. , Kazakos Evangelos , Tzilves Dimitrios , Touloumtzi Maria , Chatzopoulos Dimitrios , Tzitiridou‐Chatzopoulou Maria , Liatsos Christos , Zavos Christos , Kavaliotis John , Kulaksiz Hasan , Doulberis Michael 
Published: April 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Wijarnpreecha et al paper. To view this article, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17424.
Editorial: faecal incontinence is prevalent in IBS, as are effective treatment options!
Authors: Sharma Amol , Rao Satish 
Published: April 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Goodoory et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17465 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17494.