bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparing the effectiveness of digital rectal examination, prostate specific antigen, and TRUS guided prostate biopsy, in the detection of prostate cancer
Authors: Kiran P Usha , Krishna S Venkata , Rani S Radha 
Published: January 2025

Prostate cancer has been the most common malignancy in men accounting for one fourth of cancers. Use of Trans rectal ultrasonography (TRUS) in men with an abnormal PSA and/or digital rectal examination acting as a guide to direct prostate biopsies will lead to decrease in number of early deaths It is a prospective observational study.All the patients attending the Urology Out patient Department with a suspicion of Ca prostate from clinical signs and symptoms were clinically evaluated using Digital Rectal Examination and screened for serum PSA levels. All the patients in whom abnormality was detected on DRE and/or an elevated serum PSA level were included in the study and TRUS biopsy was done. The statistical analysis was executed by SPSS version 20 continuous variables were analyzed with student t -test. The present study includes 95 men in whom abnormality detected in DRE or in the levels of serum PSA.10 core biopsy was done in 53 patients and 16 core biopsy was done in 42 patients. Among the total number of patients subjected to TRUS guided prostate biopsy either 10 core or 16 core, 31 patients detected with prostatic adenocarcinoma which accounts for 32.6%, 12 patients had High grade PIN accounting for 12.62%, 30 patients (31.57%) detected with fibroadenoleiomyomatous hyper plasia , 5 patients had fibroadenoleiomyomatous hyperplasia with chronic prostatitis which is 5.20% and chronic prostatitis is found in 15 patients attributing to 15.78%.Cancer detection rate with abnormalities in PSA alone was found to be 15% while it was 70% when both DRE and PSA showed abnormal results which is significantly higher. It shows that both DRE and PSA has to be considered while estimating the cancer rate. Detection rate with 16 core TRUS guided biopsy is 54.76% which is significantly (P value 0.0037) higher than that of 10 core biopsy (15.09 %).
A pilot study on screening for aminoacidurias using paper chromatography in subjects with type 2 diabetes and healthy subjects: Cross-sectional study
Authors: BJ Sushma , Gupta Vaibhav 
Published: January 2025

Diabetes is a heterogeneous chronic dysglycemic and dyslipidemic metabolic disorder principally characterized by persistent hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin action and/or insulin secretion. This pilot study is indented detect type of Aminoacidurias and number of amino acids detected in the urine and correlate number of amino acids detected with glycemic control marker glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in type 2 diabetic subjects and healthy controls. This present study included 40 subjects with type 2 diabetes and 40 age and gender matched healthy controls in the age group 25-60 years. Early morning first voided mid-stream urine sample of 5 mL was collected into the urine container and subjected to centrifugation to remove cell debris and the clear supernatant was used for preforming paper chromatography for detecting aminoacidurias. In type 2 diabetic subjects two or more than two amino acids up to seven are detected in the urine sample in comparison to healthy controls. The most commonly detected amino acids were valine (60%), glycine (45%), leucine (32.5%), alanine (22.5%) and histidine (25%). There was statistically significant strong correlation existed between HbA1c levels and number of amino acids detected in type 2 diabetic subjects (r=0.901). We found statistically significantly elevated levels of HbA1c and fasting plasma glucose levels in type 2 diabetic subjects compared to healthy controls.In type 2 diabetic subjects two or more than two amino acids were excreted in comparison to controls. It was observed that those patients with inadequate glycemic control had more number of amino acids detected in the urine evidenced by strongly correlation with HbA1c values. Detection of amino acids in the urine can be used as a non-invasive tool to predict glycemic control in type 2 diabetic patients. In addition to this, in type 2 diabetic subjects we get an information about the deficient amino acids and increased amino acids which can open the gateway for therapeutic modalities using amino acids.
Effect of Zinc and Iron Fertilization on Productivity of Pigeon Pea (Cajanus cajan) under Rainfed Agro-ecologies of Jammu
Authors: Farooq Faraaz , Singh Permendra , Singh Arvind P. , Singh Brinder , Kumar Rakesh , Lalrammawii C. , MeCarty Joy Samuel , Srivastava Hritik , Mehta Swati 
Published: January 2025

Background: In the agricultural context of India, pigeon pea assumes a pivotal role as second most important pulse crop. However, owing to their cultivation in zinc and iron deficient soils and limited and unbalanced use of fertilizers its productivity is low. Further, the prevalent rice-wheat based cropping system, aggravates their deficiency and becomes another important factor in the decline in productivity of pulse crops like pigeon pea. Therefore, zinc and iron application through fertilizers can play a crucial role in improving the growth and yield of pigeon pea especially, under rainfed conditions. Methods: In this study, a field experiment was carried out over two kharif seasons in 2021 and 2022. The experiment was conducted under a randomized block design with eleven treatments of zinc and iron, replicated thrice at the Advanced Center for Rainfed Agriculture, Rakh Dhiansar, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Chatha, Jammu. Result: The study found that treatment T6-RDF + soil application of ZnSO4 @ 25 kg/ha + FeSO4 @ 5 kg/ha significantly improved growth attributes like plant height, leaf area index, number of branches anddry matter accumulation. It also led to significantly higher yield and yield attributes like pods per plant, seeds per pod, seed weight, seed yield, stalk yield andbiological yield.
Effect of Seed Inoculation, Weed Management and Foliar Nutrition in Rice Fallow Blackgram for Higher Productivity in Cauvery Delta Zone of Tamil Nadu
Authors: Rajarathinam P. , Subrahmaniyan K. , Mathiyazhagan S. , Manimaran R. , Elamathi S. , Dhandapani M. , Arulananth R. 
Published: January 2025

Background: Field experiments were conducted at Tamil Nadu Rice Research Institute, Aduthurai during 2021-22, 2022-23 and 2023-24 to find out suitable bio inoculant, weed management practice and foliar nutrition for Rice fallow blackgram. Methods: The experiments were carried out by using RCBD (Factorial) with three replications. The treatments viz., Seed inoculation [A1- Control (no seed inoculation), A2- Rhizobium + PSB (local), A3- LSMR 1 + RB 3 microbial consortia], Weed management [B1- Weedy check, B2- Propaquizafop 2.50 % + imazethapyr 3.75 % ME @ 125 g ha-1 at 15-20 DAS, B3- Fomesafen @ 220 g ha-1 + fluzifop-p-butyl @ 220 g ha-1 at 15-20 DAS] and Foliar nutrition [C1- Water spray at flower initiation and pod initiation stage, C2- Nano urea spray @ 0.25 % at flower initiation and pod initiation stage, C3- 19:19:19 NPK @ 2% at flower initiation and pod initiation stage]. Result: The lower weed density, weed dry weight and higher weed control efficiency was recorded with application of early post emergence herbicide fomesafen + fluzifop-b-butyl @ 220 g ha-1 at 15-20 DAS. Seed inoculation with LSMR1 + RB3 microbial consortia, application of fomesafen + fluzifop-b-butyl @ 220 g ha-1 at 15-20 DAS and foliar nutrition with 19:19:19 NPK @ 2 % at flower initiation and pod initiation stage had taller plants, higher pods plant-1, more seeds pod-1 and test weight which led to higher grain yield. Due to increase in blackgram yield, the same treatment achieved higher gross return, net return and benefit cost ratio.
Predicting the next decade of sea surface temperatures in the Mediterranean Sea using hybrid deep learning models
Authors: Uluocak Ihsan 
Published: January 2025

The Mediterranean Sea plays a crucial role in regulating regional climate, supporting biodiversity, and sustaining coastal economies, making its temperature an essential factor for environmental stability. This study presents a forecast of sea level temperatures in the Mediterranean Sea for the next 10 years using historical data from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), spanning from 1940 to 2024. Two hybrid deep learning models, CNN-LSTM and CNN-GRU, are employed to predict future temperature trends. The models are evaluated using Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) as primary accuracy metrics. The results will provide valuable insights into the potential impacts of climate change on the Mediterranean region’s sea level temperatures, contributing to better understanding and future planning efforts.

Keywords: Climate Change, Forecasting, Mediterranean, Deep Learning, Hybrid Deep Learning
THE INFLUENCE OF ISLAMIC BUSINESS ETHICS AND SERVICE QUALITY ON CUSTOMER SATISFACTION OF IKHLAS BERAMAL BANGKALAN SHARIA INN
Authors: Ajeng Ajeng Febriana Dwi Lestari , Trischa Trischa Relanda Putra 
Published: January 2025

This research aims to determine the influence of Islamic business ethics and service quality on customer satisfaction at the Ikhlas Beramal Bangkalan Sharia Inn. The population in this study was customers who stayed at the Ikhlas Beramal Bangkalan Sharia Inn. From a population of 440 people, a sample of 100 respondents was selected which was determined using Slovin's formula. Data were retrieved using a questionnaire with a likert scale. Data analysis includes instrument tests, classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression, T tests, F tests, and determination coefficients. The results of this research test show that Islamic business ethics does not partially affect customer satisfaction, while service quality partially affects customer satisfaction. However, the results of the simultaneous F test of the two variables together influence customer satisfaction. The conclusion simultaneously, Islamic business ethics and service quality have a significant influence on customer satisfaction, while partially only service quality has an influence on customer satisfaction Sincerity Sharia Inn for Charity in Bangkalan.
EM-DAT: the Emergency Events Database
Authors: Delforge Damien , Wathelet Valentin , Below Regina , Sofia Cinzia Lanfredi , Tonnelier Margo , Loenhout Joris A.F. , Speybroeck Niko 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

The Emergency Events Database (EM-DAT) compiles global disaster data resulting from technological and natural hazards. EM-DAT details the human and economic impacts from 1900 to present, with systematic recording since 1988. Serving the humanitarian, disaster risk reduction, and academic sectors, EM-DAT's transition to open access and climate change concerns have expanded its reach and visibility. The dataset, freely available for non-commercial use, is downloadable in a tabular format. It is categorized by hazard type and standardized by individual disaster events for each country. With over 26,000 unique entries, the database is populated through the monitoring of textual documents and their manual processing. The data collection and validation processes involve systematic daily checks from predefined sources, searches for additional sources, and periodic thematic updates. The evolution of EM-DAT's data content mirrors societal and technological advancements in disaster reporting. Besides these progresses, known inconsistencies and biases in data quality have been reported. The article acknowledges these issues, highlighting their potential implications for research and decision-making.
Road traffic has a consistent negative impact on a wide range of bird species in different habitats
Authors: Dijk René E. van , Morel Toine , Zwerver Karen , Els Paul van , Foppen Ruud P.B. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Context. Road traffic has a major impact on the environment and numerous studies have shown how various species respond to road traffic. However, a clear picture based on large-scale studies of how complete species communities in different environments are affected by road traffic is lacking. Objectives. We assessed the distance within which road traffic negatively impacts breeding bird densities and the extent to which effect distances differ between species and habitats. We also tested how traffic intensity is associated with effect distances. Methods. We used a large dataset from protocolled breeding bird surveys of > 140,000 territories of complete breeding bird communities within 1500 m from motorways across the Netherlands. We examined effect distances of road traffic on breeding density of individual species, for various ecological species groups and for all species together. Finally, we tested how road traffic intensity influences effect distances. Results. Road traffic had a consistent negative effect on territory densities up to approximately 650 m distance from the road for different species and ecological species groups. Within road-effect zones, densities of breeding birds were significantly lower (on average 25%) than at greater distances from the road. Effect distances were positively associated with traffic intensity in various ecological species groups. Conclusions. These findings that road traffic negatively affects breeding densities in a consistent manner across species and that this effect is exacerbated by traffic intensity will be useful for policymakers to assess or predict the quantitative impact of road traffic on breeding bird populations.
Stacked AutoEncoder-based Compression of Point Cloud Geometry
Authors: Cao Xuewei , Zhou Wenbiao , Yan Shuyu , Liu Genpei 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Point clouds have gained widespread application in various fields, but their high resolution often results in large data volumes, posing challenges for storage, transmission, and processing. Traditional 2D image or video compression methods are unsuitable due to the spatial irregularity and sparseness of point clouds. Inspired by the effectiveness of autoencoders in visual analysis tasks and image compression, this paper proposes a novel stacked autoencoder-based geometry compression method for point clouds. By transforming point clouds into Morton codes using a linear octree structure and further encoding them into integer sequences, the proposed method leverages stacked autoencoders to reduce the dimensions of these sequences, achieving both high reconstruction quality and high compression ratios. Experimental results demonstrate that our method outperforms many other geometry compression methods, especially for small-size point clouds. By increasing the coding depth of the linear octree, our approach can even achieve lossless compression results, showcasing its potential as an effective geometry compression technique for point clouds.
Design and optimization of energy-efficient wireless sensor networks for industrial automation
Authors: Hutaihit Maha Abbas , Badrawi Samir I. , Hameed Haider Makki , Ahmed Riyadh Khlf , Hasan Marwa Flaah , Mahmood Omar Abdulkareem 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

In order to improve the overall performance of edge-integrated edge IoT networks, this research introduces a combined technique based on profound learning for booking assets. If an IoT network wants to finish a task quickly and effectively, it has to get the greatest resources from the edge layer. Thorough asset booking is crucial to the identification and transfer of optimal assets. The integration of edge networks with IoT applications and the reduction of data transmission latency were previously addressed using profound learning algorithms. If we want to make an Internet of Things application more feasible and provide better service overall, we should think about other metrics like reaction time, waiting time, and bandwidth needs. Combining a convolutional neural network with a gated repeating unit in a certain manner achieves this enhanced performance. The suggested asset booking model considers the features and requirements of the assets in order to select the most suitable ones from the pool and allocate them to the IoT networks. Here, we give a comprehensive analysis of the method-data combination.
Alpha-Lipoic acid protects against the toxic effects of ethanol on the kidneys in rats
Authors: Uçmak Feyzullah , Yildizhan Eda 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) is a potent antioxidant and cofactor for mitochondrial enzymes. The kidneys are among the organs affected by chronic ethanol (EA) consumption. This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of ALA against kidney damage caused by chronic ethanol consumption based on histological and biochemical analyses. Twenty-eight Wistar albino rats were used in the study. Group I (Sham group): Animals received 1 cc saline orally via gavage for 4 weeks; Group II (ALA): Animals received 100 mg/kg/day of ALA orally via gavage for 4 weeks; Group III (EA group): Animals received 5 g/kg ethanol orally via gavage for 4 weeks; Group IV (EA + ALA group): Both ALA and ethanol were administered simultaneously. Urea and creatinine levels were significantly lower in the EA + ALA group compared to the EA group (p = 0.013). Increased oxidative stress markers, Total Oxidative Status (TOS), and Malondialdehyde (MDA) in the EA group triggered pro-apoptotic signaling and increased Bax expression in kidney tissues. However, the EA + ALA group showed increased expression of the anti-apoptotic marker Bcl-2. ALA demonstrated protective effects against apoptotic expressions in the kidneys. ALA provides protective effects against oxidative damage. Additionally, ALA exhibited anti-apoptotic effects in response to apoptotic signaling in the kidneys.
Brain-Guided Convolutional Neural Networks Reveal Task-Specific Representations in Scene Processing
Authors: Hansen Bruce C. , Greene Michelle R. , Lewinsohn Henry A.S. , Kris Audrey E. , Smyth Sophie , Tang Binghui 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Scene categorization is the dominant proxy for visual understanding, yet humans can perform a large number of visual tasks within any scene. Consequently, we know little about how different tasks change how the is scene processed, represented, and its features ultimately used. Here, we developed a novel brain-guided convolutional neural network (CNN) where each convolutional layer was separately guided by neural responses taken at different time points while observers performed two different tasks on the same set of images. We then reconstructed each layer’s activation maps via deconvolution to spatially assess how different features were used as a function of task. The brain-guided CNN made use of image features that human observers identified as being crucial to complete each task starting around 244 ms and persisted to 402 ms. Critically, because the same images were used across the two tasks, the CNN could only succeed if the neural data captured task-relevant differences. Our analyses of the activation maps across layers revealed that the brain’s spatiotemporal representation of local image features evolves systematically over time. This underscores how distinct image features emerge at different stages of processing, shaped by the observer’s goals and behavioral context.
A Grounded Theory Investigation into the Otolaryngology Resident Learning Experience
Authors: Noonan Megan , Fullerton Zoë , Balakrishnan Karthik 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Otolaryngologic residency operative education is a unique process that teaches technical and reasoning skills during high-stakes situations. However, there is no consensus on what qualities of a teacher or environment create a positive surgical learning experience. This study aims to use qualitative assessment to identify key elements of effective otolaryngologic residency education.
Methods
Purposive sampling was used to select a heterogeneous cohort from our institution’s Otolaryngology department between March and December 2023. Interviewees were categorized as either “Learners” (residents) or “Teachers” (attending) and either “Junior” or “Senior.” A trained interviewer conducted semi-structured interviews until thematic saturation was reached. Constant comparative analysis using coding, memoing, and categorization was conducted using grounded theory methodology.
Results
Twenty-one participants completed interviews, averaging 42 minutes. A total of 87 codes and 15 concepts were extracted from the data. Advanced coding and theoretical integration revealed four themes that are essential to the creation of a positive teaching experience: “Investment in Learner/Education,” “Communication,” “Discerning Learner Capacity,” and “Creation of Learning Environment.” “Investment” and “Discerning Capacity” represent the ability and desire of the teacher to assess and advance learner progress during surgery. “Communication” refers to the ability to convey information clearly and succinctly. “Creation” reflects the ability of the teacher/surgeon to navigate the complex operative environment to create a safe and effective learning experience within the context of a surgical operation.
Conclusions
This study suggests that positive operative learning experiences rely on four thematic elements. A teacher's conscious attention to these elements and feedback from learners targeting them may assist in creating a more effective surgical learning environment. Further research is needed to understand the nuance of learner and teacher experience and how best to optimize and operationalize these concepts in diverse surgical educational settings.
Clinical trial number: not applicable