bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predicting the Synthesizability of Crystalline Inorganic Materials from the Data of Known Material Compositions
Authors: Antoniuk Evan , Cheon Gowoon , Wang George , Bernstein Daniel , Cai William , Reed Evan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Reliably identifying synthesizable inorganic crystalline materials is an unsolved challenge required for realizing autonomous materials discovery. In this work, we develop a deep learning synthesizability model (SynthNN) that leverages the entire corpus of synthesized inorganic chemical compositions. By reformulating material discovery as a synthesizability classification task, SynthNN identifies synthesizable materials with 7x higher precision than with DFT-calculated formation energies. In a head-to-head material discovery comparison against 20 expert material scientists, SynthNN outperforms all experts, achieves 3.6x higher precision and completes the task five orders of magnitude faster than the average human expert. Remarkably, without any prior chemical knowledge, our experiments indicate that SynthNN learns the chemical principles of charge-balancing, chemical family relationships and ionicity, and utilizes these principles to generate synthesizability predictions. The development of SynthNN will allow for synthesizability constraints to be seamlessly integrated into computational material screening workflows to increase their reliability for identifying synthetically accessible materials.
Fixed Time Control of Free-Flying Space Robotic Manipulator with Full State Constraints: A Barrier-Lyapunov-Function Term Free Approach
Authors: Xie Zhicheng , Chen Xianliang , Wu Xiaofeng 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Space robotic manipulator (SRM) should be always performed in the given workspace for safety concern. This requires the system states such as rotation of each joint, attitude of base, and their velocities to be always constrained in the given boundaries. In this article, a new sliding mode control scheme based on a fixed time disturbance observer is proposed to realize the fixed time coordinate motion control of SRM with full-state constraints. Firstly, the tracking error and error velocity at the novel sliding manifold can converge to the equilibrium within a fixed time without violating their state constraints. Then, the control law working with the fixed time disturbance observer is designed to obtain the sliding manifold within a fixed time, which simultaneously guarantees the satisfaction of state constraints during the approaching stage. Unlike the most existing state constraint control schemes, the proposed controller does not include any Barrier Lyapunov Function (BLF) term of system states, and therefore the risk of controller outputting inappropriately high control commands is eliminated. Moreover, the proposed control scheme is compatible to the initial states violating the constraints, which thereby removes the assumption of feasible initial states. Furthermore, the proposed sliding manifold solves the singularity issue by a continuously varying power of tracking error, which thereby does not need an additional switch mechanism of manifold compared to the conventional fixed time controllers. The stability of the proposed control scheme is proven by using the Lyapunov theory, and the effectiveness is verified by numerical simulations.
Biotic and abiotic determinants modulate interactions between standing vegetation and soil seed bank across fine spatial scales
Authors: Rubio Roberto López , Luzuriaga Arantzazu López , Peralta Ana M. López , Pescador David Sánchez , Escudero Adrían , Sánchez Ana M. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background and Aims
Standing vegetation and soil seed banks are tightly related compartments in annual plant communities. However, little is known about how this relationship changes spatially and temporally and their dependence on abiotic and biotic factors. We investigated the similarity between both compartments under contrasting water availability conditions, perennials and biocrusts.
Methods
We established a field experiment in a Mediterranean annual plant community growing on gypsum soils. We evaluated the relationships between aboveground vegetation and soil seed bankover three years and along three spatial scales and tested the effects of water availability (irrigation), perennial vegetation and biocrust on both compartments.
Results
The soil seed bank was more similar to the standing vegetation closer to the third year, when seed bank was collected. The similarity between both compartments was higher at the large spatial scale (20 ´ 20 cm) but the modulatory effects of irrigation, perennial tussocks and biocrust were more evident at medium (10 ´ 10 cm) and fine scale (5 ´ 5 cm). The similarity increased with irrigation and was higher under perennial vegetation. The biocrust acted mainly as a barrier to the incorporation of seeds into the permanent seed bank.
Conclusion
Our findings suggest that abiotic and biotic factors had hierarchical effects on the similarity between the standing vegetation and soil seed bank compartments. Interannual shifts such as rainfall amount and frequency, were the main determinants but tussocks, biocrust, and irrigation modulated similarity, thereby showing that annual plant communities are driven by complex processes.
The theory of the surface wettability angle in the formation of an oil film in internal combustion piston engines
Authors: Wróblewski Piotr 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In internal combustion piston engines, the formation of an oil film is completely different than in industrial machines. The molecular adhesion force at the interface between the surface coating of engine parts and the lubricating oil determines the load-carrying capacity and the ability to form a lubricated film. The geometry of the lubricating wedge between the surfaces of the piston rings and the cylinder wall is created by the thickness of the oil film and the height of the ring's coverage with lubricating oil. This condition is affected by many parameters characterizing the engine operation and physical and chemical parameters of the coatings of the cooperating pairs. For lubricant particles reaching high energies higher than the potential energy barrier for adhesive attraction at the interface, slippage occurs. Therefore, the value of the contact angle of the liquid on the surface of the coating depends on the value of the intermolecular force of attraction. According to the author, there is a strong relationship between the contact angle and the lubrication effect. The paper shows that the surface potential energy barrier is a function of the contact angle and contact angle hysteresis (CAH). The innovation of the work consists in examining the contact angle and CAH in the conditions of thin layers of lubricating oil in cooperation with hydrophilic and hydrophobic coatings. The thickness of the lubricant film was measured under various speed and load conditions using optical interferometry. The work shows that CAH is a better interfacial parameter to correlate with the effect of hydrodynamic lubrication. The paper presents mathematical relationships in relation to a piston engine, various coatings and lubricants.
Targeting TLK2 inhibits the progression of gastric cancer by reprogramming amino acid metabolism through mTOR/ASNS axis
Authors: Li Yongxiang , Wang Mingliang , Li Jing , Yang Xiaodong , Yan Qiang , Wang Huizhen , Xu Xin , Lu Yida , Li Deguan , Sun Ruochuan , Wang Yigao , Zhang Shangxin , Zhang Yonghong , Zhang Zhen , Meng Futao 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Several recent studies suggested that TLKs are related to tumor progression. However, the function and action mechanism of TLK2 in GC remain elusive. We observed that TLK2 was significantly upregulated in GC and acted as an independent prognostic factor in GC patients. In line with these results, TLK2 silencing markedly reduced GC aggressiveness, whereas its overexpression had the opposite effect. IP-MS suggested that the effect of TLK2 expression on GC was mainly associated with metabolism reprogramming. TLK2 knockdown suppressed amino synthesis through downregulating the mTORC1 pathway and ASNS expression in GC. Mechanistically, mTORC1 directly interacted with ASNS and inhibited its protein degradation. Further experiments confirmed that ASNS protein degradation was ubiquitination degradation rather than degradation through autophagy. Inhibiting and activating the mTORC1 pathway can upregulate and downregulate ASNS ubiquitination, respectively. Moreover, the mTORC1 pathway can reverse the protein regulation of ASNS by TLK2. Notably, TLK2 regulated the ASNS mRNA levels. Further evidence confirmed that TLK2 directly interacted with ATF4, a transcription factor of ASNS, and promoted the expression of ATF4. Finally, we found kinase inhibitor Fostamatinib can significantly inhibit the proliferation, invasion, and migration of GC cells by inhibiting TLK2 enzyme activity. Taken together, this study reveals a novel functional link between TLK2, the mTORC1/ASNS axis, and GC. Therefore, TLK2 could be a potential therapeutic approach for GC target therapy.
Nondiffracting Supertoroidal Light Pulses: Optical "Kármán Vortex Streets"
Authors: Shen Yijie , Papasimakis Nikitas , Zheludev Nikolay 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Supertoroidal light pulses, as space-time nonseparable electromagnetic waves, provided unique super-resolution topological properties including skyrmionic configurations, fractal-like singularities, and energy backflow in free space, which however do not survive upon propagation. Here we introduce the nondiffracting supertoroidal pulses (NDSTPs), propagation-robust skyrmionic and vortex-ring field that endure the singular configurations over arbitrary propagation distances. Intriguingly, the field structure of NDSTPs has a strong similarity with a von Kármán vortex street, a pattern of swirling vortices in fluid and gas dynamics, as the "singing" of suspended telephone lines in wind. NDSTPs allow the study of the propagation dynamics of electromagnetic skyrmionic fields and will be of interest as directed energy channels for information transfer applications.
A new model to estimate duration of survival in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma with BCLC intermediate stage
Authors: Ninomiya Masashi , Tsuruoka Mio , Inoue Jun , Hiraoka Atsushi , Iwata Tomoaki , Sano Akitoshi , Sato Kosuke , Onuki Masazumi , Sawahashi Satoko , Kuroda Hidekatsu , Oikawa Takayoshi , Fujita Masashi , Abe Kazumichi , Katsumi Tomohiro , Sato Wataru , Igarashi Go , Iino Chikara , Endo Tetsu , Tanabe Nobukazu , Numao Hiroshi , Iijima Katsunori , Matsumoto Takayuki , Ohira Hiromasa , Ueno Yoshiyuki , Masamune Atsushi 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
It is difficult to determine whether an individual therapy contributes to the elongation of survival because of the difficulty of organizing clinical research in patients who receive multiple treatments in HCC. We aimed to establish a new model of survival prediction in patients with intermediate stage HCC to establish standards in the recent and coming multi-MTA era. This analysis was prepared using a data set of 753 patients diagnosed HCC prior to 2017. Multiple regression analysis showed age, naïve or recurrence, the size of the largest tumor nodule, the number of nodules, total bilirubin, albumin and a-fetoprotein as independent predictors of survival. A Weibull model had the best fit and, based on these predictors, we established a new predicted survival model. The survival duration can be predicted the proposed model; EXP (4.02580 + (-0.0086253) x age + (-0.34667) x (naïve/recurrence) + (-0.034962) x (number of nodules) + (-0.079447) x (the size of the largest nodule) + (-0.21696) x (total bilirubin) + 0.27912 x (albumin) + (-0.00014741) x (a-fetoprotein)) x (-natural logarithm(0.5))^ 0.67250. This model is useful for the planning and evaluating the efficacy of recent sequential therapies in multi-MTA era.
Hot metacognition: poorer metacognitive efficiency following acute but not traumatic stress
Authors: Smith Alicia , Bisby James , Dercon Quentin , Bevan Anna , Dalgleish Tim , Hitchcock Caitlin , Nord Camilla 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Aberrations to metacognition— the ability to reflect on and evaluate self-performance— are a feature of poor mental health. Theoretical models suggest that following a stressful event, maladaptive metacognitive evaluations and appraisals of the event drive development of post-traumatic stress symptoms. Yet it is unclear whether disruptions to metacognition causes or contributes to symptom development, or are simply a consequence of ongoing psychopathology. In two studies, using hierarchical Bayesian modelling of metacognition combined with a memory encoding task, we assessed whether distortions to metacognition occur at a state-level after an acute stress induction, or at a trait-level in a sample of individuals experiencing intrusive memories following traumatic stress. Study 1 indicated that heightened perceived stress was associated with impairments in metacognitive efficiency on a memory test after a stress induction (N = 27). Study 2 demonstrated that a transdiagnostic sample of individuals experiencing intrusive memories following a traumatic stressor (N = 39) showed no significant differences in metacognitive efficiency compared to matched controls on the same memory test (N = 45). Our results show that alterations to metacognition do not occur in patients experiencing intrusive memories following traumatic stress, but instead are associated with temporary, heighted levels of acute stress. This suggests that differential sensitivity to acute stress, rather than ongoing psychopathology, induces metacognitive impairments, which could predispose individuals to future mental health problems via downstream changes to other cognitive processes.
Monitoring prestress in plates by sideband peak count-index (SPC-I) and nonlinear higher harmonics techniques
Authors: Wang Meng , Pau Annamaria , Zhang Guangdong , Kundu Tribikram 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Propagating guided waves in a homogeneous, isotropic, prestressed, hyperelastic plate show nonlinear characteristics that depend on the state of initial prestress. These nonlinear phenomena include higher harmonic generation, occurring when Lamb wave modes of different frequencies (ωa and ωb) are allowed to mix within the material generating secondary waves at frequencies 2ωa, 2ωb, and ωa± ωb. Further, if prescribed internal-resonance conditions are satisfied, the amplitude of secondary waves increases in space, providing a response quantity which is dependent on prestress and easy to be observed. Using the finite element method, in this paper we investigate the time and space evolution of higher harmonics arising in one-way wave mixing. The influence of prestress on the response is elucidated, observing the nonlinear parameter β. It is further shown that the nonlinear ultrasonic technique called Sideband Peak Count-Index (SPC-I) can provide an effective monitoring tool for prestress.
Femoral offset restoration affects the outcome of revision in patients with periprosthetic femoral fractures of Vancouver B2 -a single- center retrospective cohort study
Authors: Sun Lei , Song Wenjing , Zhang Zhongyuan , Xu Ziyao , Sun Mengshuai , Gao Guangling , Jiang Hongjiang , Ju Changjun 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: Femoral offset (FO) restoration plays an important role in improving the prognosis and life quality of patients undergoing hip replacement. However, it is not given enough attention in revisions of patients with periprosthetic femoral fractures (PPFF) while more attention is paid to reduction, fixation of fracture and stabilizing prosthesis. This study aims to evaluate the effect of FO restoration on the function of hip joint in revisions of patients with PPFF of Vancouver B2. What’s more, we study whether there is a difference in FO restoration between modular and nonmodular stems.
Methods: A retrospective review of 20 patients with PPFF of Vancouver B2 revised with a tapered fluted modular titanium stem and 22 patients with PPFF of Vancouver B2 revised with a tapered fluted nonmodular titanium stem from 2016 to 2021 was conducted. According to the difference between FO of affected side and healthy side, 26 patients were divided into Group A(difference≤4mm) and 16 patients were divided into Group B(difference＞4mm). Postoperative Harris Hip Score（HHS）,range of motion of hip joint, length of both lower limbs and dislocation were compared between Group A and Group B. Proportion of patients with FO restoration (difference≤4mm)and stem subsidence were compared between modular and nonmodular groups.
Results: The mean follow-up time was 34.3±17.3 months, and all cases achieved fracture healing at the last visit. Patients of Group A had higher HHS, larger range of abduction, fewer dislocations and less limbs length discrepancy (LLD). Patients of modular group had a higher proportion of FO restoration and less subsidence.
Conclusion: FO restoration improves the postoperative hip joint function，reduces dislocation and LLD in revisions of patients with PPFF of Vancouver B2. Compared with nonmodular prosthesis, modular prosthesis tends to be easier for FO restoration under complex circumstances.
Ambivalence, resource constraints, and non-compliance; the bane of healthcare providers in the screening and management of Gestational Diabetes in Northern Ghana
Authors: Bukari Mohammed , Abubakari Abdulai , Malachi Hawa , Hinneh Thomas , Garti Humphrey , Agbozo Faith 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background
Studies on healthcare providers’ experiences on screening and management of GDM are rare in the northern part of Ghana. Hence, this study sought to explore the experiences of healthcare providers on screening and management of GDM.
Materials and methods
This was a qualitative cross-sectional study among five key informants who were involved in screening and management of GDM. Both facilities and key informants were purposively sampled. An interview guide was designed to elicit information on gestational diabetes screening and management experiences. Data were analysed using thematic content analysis.
Results
Two themes emerged for both screening and management experiences; the screening experiences were resource-related experiences which comprised of financial constraints, lack/inadequate tools for screening and insufficient number of dedicated healthcare personnel and experiences with patient emotional feedback which were clients being worried, shocked, confused, uncertain about how they felt or unbothered based on their knowledge of GDM, being fed-up with treatment, and lack of support from family members. The themes for management were diet and exercise, and oral medications. HCPs experience issues of non-compliance which were mainly caused by poverty, they also felt that the most important resources required for the effective screening and management of GDM were the tools for screening and dedicated staff. The first line of action for GDM management was diet and exercise, oral medications was the last line of action.
Conclusion
This study observed that ambivalence of clients, resource constraints namely financial constraints, lack/inadequate tools for screening and inadequate number of healthcare providers were key issues in the screening and management of Gestational Diabetes; diet and exercise, and oral medications were the main approaches for the management of Gestational Diabetes. This study provides insights on healthcare providers’ experiences with screening and management of GDM which could be relevant for health advocacy and social and behavior change communication. It could also be relevant for health planning and policies as it provides insights on the resources needed to effectively screen and management GDM.
Bird's Eye View Feature Selection for High-Dimensional Data
Authors: Belhaouari Samir Brahim , Shakeel Mohammed Bilal , Erbad Aiman , Oflaz Zarina , Kassoul Khelil 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In machine learning, an informative dataset is crucial for accurate predictions. However, high dimensional data often contains irrelevant features, outliers, and noise, which can negatively impact model performance and consume computational resources. To tackle this challenge, the Bird's Eye View (BEV) feature selection technique is introduced. This approach is inspired by the natural world, where a bird searches for important features in a sparse dataset, similar to how a bird search for sustenance in a sprawling jungle. BEV incorporates elements of Evolutionary Algorithms with a Genetic Algorithm to maintain a population of top-performing agents, Dynamic Markov Chain to steer the movement of agents in the search space, and Reinforcement Learning to reward and penalize agents based on their progress. The proposed strategy in this paper leads to improved classification performance and a reduced number of features compared to conventional methods, as demonstrated by outperforming state-of-the-art feature selection techniques across multiple benchmark datasets.
Efficient protocol for the differentiation of kidney podocytes from induced pluripotent stem cells, involving the inhibition of mTOR
Authors: Yasuda Masahiro , Kato Tadashi , Okano Mai , Yamashita Hiromi , Matsuoka Yoshikazu , Shirouzu Yasumasa , Fujioka Tatsuya , Hattori Fumiyuki , Tsuji Shoji , Kaneko Kazunari , Hitomi Hirofumi 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The mechanistic/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is involved in a wide range of cellular processes. However, the role of mTOR in podocytes remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to clarify the role of mTOR in podocyte differentiation from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) and to establish an efficient differentiation protocol for human podocytes. We generated podocytes from hiPSCs by modifying protocol. The expression of the podocyte-specific slit membrane components nephrin and podocin was measured using PCR, western blotting, flow cytometry, and immunostaining; and the role of mTOR was evaluated using inhibitors of the mTOR pathway. Nephrin and podocin were found to be expressed in cells differentiated from hiPSCs, and their expression was increased by mTOR inhibitor treatment. S6, a downstream component of the mTOR pathway, was also found to be involved in podocyte differentiation. we evaluated its permeability to albumin, urea, and electrolytes. The induced podocytes were permeable to the small molecules, but only poorly permeable to albumin. We have shown that the mTOR pathway is involved in podocyte differentiation. Our monolayer podocyte differential protocol, using an mTOR inhibitor, provides a novel in vitro model for studies of kidney physiology and pathology.