bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Market Potential of Selected Agricultural Products and Problems Identification of Groundnut Cultivation in Bhankhokhari Market of Devbhoomi Dwarka District, Gujarat, India
Authors: Bhikadiya Ujas , Lad Yogeshkumar A. 
Published: June 2023

This study was conducted from 1st of June to 31st of July 2022. sample of 125 farmers selected on convenience from 5 villages of Khambhaliya taluka of Devbhoomi Dwarka districts of Gujarat. Primary data were collected with the help of semi-structured schedules, and appropriate tools were used to analyse data. Market potential of CARBOXIN 37.5% + THIRAM 37.5% WS, THIAMETHOXAM 30% FS, AZOXYSTROBIN 8.3% + MANCOZEB 66.7% WG and NPK 11:11:8 FORTIFIED ZINC & BORON product is around 25.25 lakh, 19.64 lakh, 74.82 lakh and 94.70 lakh respectively. The major problems faced by farmers in groundnut crop are high cost of inputs, insect attacks, wilting, and rust & tikka disease. In the study it is observed that farmer that does not use seed treatment in their field faces a problem of wilting and uneven/less germination and farmers that do not use micronutrient products in the crop faces a problem of yellowing. The most effective tools responsible for purchase decision of a product are retailers’ suggestion, farmers’ meetings, and demonstration of the product.
Identification of Egyptian Mangrove Species Based on DNA Barcoding
Authors: Said Eglal M. , Bahnasy M. I. 
Published: June 2023

Aims: Mangroves are woody trees or shrubs that grow in the intertidal zone and are distributed along tropical and subtropical coasts. These plants are resilient to various environmental challenges; they are also one of the most efficient terrestrial and coastal ecosystem for carbon fixation and storage. In recent years, mangrove reforestation has attracted much attention as a strategy to reduce the effects of climate change. In Egypt, there are two types of mangroves, Rhizophora mucronata and Avicennia marina, between 30°N and 30°S of the equator. Mangrove management presents a difficult task, particularly when it comes to managing molecular mangroves for long-term sustainability. With the impact of human activity on mangrove ecosystems increasing each year, molecular research on mangrove correlates remains to be conducted. For this reason, using DNA barcoding technology to quickly identify species, mangrove ecosystems may be protected.
Methodology: In this work, the two Egyptian mangrove species were assessed through morphological, cytological, and molecular approaches. Two universal DNA barcodes, rbcL and ITS, were examined to identify their efficacy for Egyptian mangrove species identification and phylogenetic reconstruction.
Results: According to pairwise alignments, the rbcL region had the highest level of variability (73.2%), whereas the ITS region was the least variable (11.96%). The selected Egyptian mangrove species can potentially be distinguished by barcoding loci rbcL and ITS due to the existence of distinctive variable sites.
Management of Accidental Ingestions of Caustic Products in Emergency Departments in Dakar : About 31 Cases
Authors: Thiongane Aliou , BA Abou , Ndongo Aliou Abdoulaye , Boiro Djibril , Keita Younoussa , LY Fatou , Niang Babacar , Basse Idrissa , LY Indou Dême , Ndiaye Ousmane 
Published: June 2023

Background: Caustics are corrosive substances whose ingestion causes tissue damage that can range from mucosal irritation to total necrosis or even perforation of the affected digestive or bronchial segment. Ingestion is often accidental in children and a real public health problem in low and middle income countries, particularly in Africa.
Aims: The main objective of this study was to describe the epidemiological, diagnostic, therapeutic and scalable aspects of accidental ingestions of caustics in the medical emergency department of the National Children's Hospital Center Albert Royer (NCHCAR) in Dakar.
Methods: This is a descriptive and analytical study over a 12-month period, from March 2020 to February 2021. The study population was children aged 0 to 15 years who were seen in consultation or hospitalized following a caustic product ingestion.
Results: During the study period, we included 31 children for accidental ingestion of caustics out of a total of 900 hospitalized children, i.e., a hospital frequency of 3.44% (31/900). The mean age of the children was 21.29±13.10 months and the extremes were 8 and 60 months. The age group [12-18 months] was the most represented (25.81%). Boys were predominant (51.61%) with a sex ratio of 1.07. Sodium hypochlorite (bleaching water) was the main product ingested (64.52%); caustic soda concerned 22.58% of children. More than half (77.45%) of the children were symptomatic with mainly digestive signs including oral ulcerations (41.93%) and vomiting (38.71%). The oesogastroduodenal fibroscopy performed in 19 of the 31 children (61.29%) was normal in 14 children (73.68%). Five children had endoscopic lesions of which 2 cases were stage I and 3 cases stage IIa of the Zargar classification. Initial management was exclusively medical with antisecretory drugs (70.97%), analgesics (38.71%) and corticosteroids (35.48%). The evolution was favorable for the majority of patients. One child presented a dysphagia to solids after 4 weeks of evolution treated by endoscopic dilatation.
Conclusion: Accidental ingestions of caustics are frequent in emergency departments. They generally affect children under 24 months of age. The management is medical in the uncomplicated forms which are more and more predominant. Prevention is based on education and awareness of the dangers of caustic products.
Relevance of Chemical Constituents in Conferring Tolerance to Yellow Stem Borer, Scirpophaga incertulas Wlk in Rice
Authors: Nalla Anil Varma , Nadaradjan S. , Adiroubane D. , Kumar K. 
Published: June 2023

Tolerant rice accessions were identified from a field study involving 196 rice accessions at Pandit Jawaharlal of Agriculture and Research Institute, Karaikal for rice yellow stem borer, Scirpophaga incertulas. Tolerant accessions in field study along with the susceptible check (TN1) were considered for analyzing biochemical parameters viz., chlorophyll content, total sugars, reducing sugars, total phenols, total soluble protein, and proline. Higher amounts of total phenols, moderate chlorophyll content, and lesser amounts of sugars were identified as the factors imparting resistance against this pest in the resistant entries. The correlation among the infestation percentage and biochemical parameters, revealed strong positive correlation between total sugars and infestation percentage; strong negative correlation between total phenols and infestation percentage implying the role of phenols in plant defense against rice yellow stem borer.
Iron toxicity in plants: A Review
Authors: Harish Vadugu , Aslam Shaik , Chouhan Shambhu , Pratap Yuva , Lalotra Shivani 
Published: June 2023

Iron (Fe) is an essential micronutrient for plant growth and development, but excessive iron uptake can cause iron toxicity, leading to damage to plant cell membranes, reduced growth, yield, and overall health. This review paper discusses the issue of iron toxicity in plants, a common problem that affects crops such as rice, soybean, wheat, vegetables and is a common issue in Southeast Asia, Brazil, Africa, Australia, and the United States. Iron toxicity is more likely to occur in soils with high pH, high organic matter, or elevated levels of available iron. It discusses the various mechanisms that cause iron toxicity in plants, such as competition with other essential elements, oxidative stress, and changes in gene expression and phytohormones. The excess iron ions can cause damage to the root cells and the plasma membrane, leading to oxidative stress and increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS can cause damage to cellular components, such as lipids, proteins, and DNA, leading to the death of root cells. Plants have specific mechanisms to take up iron, including transport proteins that are responsible for moving Fe2+ across the plasma membrane of root cells. Furthermore, it discusses the impact of iron toxicity on plant growth and development, including stunted growth, reduced root development, decreased water and nutrient uptake, and reduced photosynthetic activity. Highlights the importance of proper management of iron levels in soils to prevent iron toxicity and promote healthy plant growth.
Isolation and Molecular Characterization of Collar Rot Causing Pathogen Aspergillus niger on Groundnut in Rajasthan, India
Authors: Pandey Shalvi , Chakraborty Dipjyoti 
Published: June 2023

Groundnut, a major pulse crop also grown as an oil seed over 90 countries worldwide, is important to the Indian economy. The states of Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Rajasthan and Tamil Nadu are the main producers of groundnut. In 2021, disease incidence with symptoms similar to collar rot was reported from Jaipur district of Rajasthan. The fungal strain was isolated from the collar region of susceptible groundnut variety TAG-24. White colonies with mycelia were observed in 3-4 days which eventually turned dark brown in color. Pathogenicity tests were performed on healthy groundnut and collar rot symptoms developed within 7-8 days of inoculation. Sequencing of PCR products amplified with the18S rRNA (NS1F-NS8R) and ITS (NS1F-ITS4R) primers indicated 99.4% and 100% identity respectively with a reference strain of Aspergillus niger CBS 554.65 (ATCC 16888) in the NCBI-Genebank database. Based on the morphological and molecular characteristics, the fungal pathogen was identified as Aspergillus niger and submitted to Gene Bank with the accession nos. ON954789 and OQ653131. The the culture is submitted to NCMR-NCCS (accession number MCC 9892).
Some Generalized Formula For Sums of Cube
Authors: Mude Lao Hussein , Kayiita Zachary Kaunda , Ndung'u Kinyanjui Jeremiah 
Published: June 2023

The study of integer representations as a sum of powers is still a very long standing problem. In this work, the study of integer representation as a sum of cube is introduced and investigated for non-zero distinct integer solution. Let \(a_1\), \(a_2\), \(a_3\), ... , \(a_n\) and d be any positive integers such that \(a_n\) - \(a_n\)-1= \(a_n\)-1 - \(a_n\)-2 = ... = \(a_2\) - \(a_1\) = d. This study formulates some general results for sums of n cube. In particular, this research introduces and develops the diophantine equation I =(\(a_1\)+\(a_2\)+\(a_3\)+...+\(a_n\)) L = \(a_1^3\)+\(a_2^3\)+\(a_3^3\)+...+\(a_n^3\) for some integer L. The method involves decomposing integer I into sums of n cube and determination of general representation of integer L using case by case basis.
Risk Management in Agricultural Business: Insurance as a Viable Option in Nigeria
Authors: Amusat A. S. , Oyedokun M. O. , Omisope E. T. , Egbetokun O. A. 
Published: June 2023

Agriculture contributes to the economy, provides employment, export revenue earnings and poverty eradication. Although huge capital investment is usually involved, however, a crisis in the sector is capable of crippling the nation.
Agriculture depends heavily on nature and because of the unpredictability of nature, a lot of natural disasters capable of taking investors out of the business are associated with farming.
Agricultural risks are usually multi-perils, and characterized by high severity and frequency.
The need to identify, analyze and consider economic and effective control of the risks can not be overemphasized. Hence, different control measures such as avoidance of risk, loss reduction, loss prevention, retention and risk transfer options were discussed in the paper.
Insurance, a risk management strategy that involves the transfer of the associated uncertainties of an event or activity to a professional risk carrier was identified as a viable option that could effectively mitigate the inherent natural disasters threatening national food security. Stakeholders, especially extension personnel and those saddled with the operation of the Agricultural Insurance Scheme are admonished to create awareness and educate agro-prenuers on the scheme.
Anti-Arthritic Effect of the Aqueous Extracts of the Roots and Barks of Gossypium herbaceous in Complete Freund’s Adjuvant Induced Arthritis in Female Wistar Rats
Authors: Catherine Abeng Edoa , Janvier Youovop , Martin Fonkoua , Guy Takuissu Guemto , Dupon Amamba Akamba , Vidal Nanhah Jules , Grace Fopa Lambou , Julius Oben Enyong 
Published: June 2023

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation of one or more joints resulting to disability. Age (above 50 years) and life style are the main risk factors. In this study, we evaluated the effects of the aqueous extracts of the roots and barks of Gossypium herbaceum (G. herbaceous) in Complete Freund’s Adjuvant (CFA) induced rheumatoid arthritis in female wistar rats.
Materials and Methods: In vitro anti-inflammatory tests were conducted through the inhibition of hemolysis and lipid peroxidation. An acute toxicity test of both extracts was done. 25 female Wistar rats were used. RA was induced in 20 rats (4 groups) by injecting CFA into the sub plantar region of the right hind paw of each rat. On day 25 of the experiment, the rats were sacrificed, and the sera were prepared for the evaluation of some inflammatory and biochemical parameters. The paws were dissected and kept for histological analyzes.
Results: The extracts revealed anti-inflammatory activities in vitro, with a higher activity observed from the roots. Both extracts restored body weight and significantly reduced edema compared to the negative control group. The histological analyzes of the RA group revealed the presence of white blood cells in the synovial fluid and cartilage destruction as compared to the groups receiving roots’ aqueous extract and methotrexate. Both extracts significantly restored the levels of some inflammatory and biochemical parameters.
Conclusion: Anti-inflammatory and biochemical tests showed that the aqueous extracts of the roots and barks of G. herbaceous are potentially effective in the management of RA.
Incidence of Recurrent SARS-CoV-2 Infections during the COVID19 Pandemic in Madina, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Elbadawy Hossein Mostafa , Khattab Amin Khaled , Aljohani Fahad Dakilallah , Abouzied Mekky , Bahlaq Mohannad A. , Abdalla Khalid Abdelkarim , Aljohani Sultan Hamid M. , Eltahir Heba M. , Alharbi Rania K. , Aljumaidi Talal , Albadrani Muayad , Almikhlafi Mohannad A. , Aldhafiri Ahmed 
Published: June 2023

Background: SARS-CoV-2 infections emerged in China and spread globally causing the Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID19) pandemic. Dispersed reports from different countries reported the possibility of the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection in individual reported cases. The aim of this report was, therefore, to document several recurrent infection cases in Saudi Arabia to furtherly augment this body of evidence.
Methods: The study was conducted retrospectively from October 2020 to October 2021. The study included patients who had experienced multiple COVID-19 infections, which were confirmed through qPCR tests. There was a minimum gap of three months between each infection, and the patients had tested negative after each infection. Personal or phone interviews were conducted with the patients.
Results: In total, 10 cases (7 males and 3 females) of COVID19 recurrent infections were reported with an average age of 34.1 years. The most common symptoms included fever, headache, body aches, sore throat, cough, diarrhea. With the exception of one case that required hospitalization during the third infection and one case of miscarriage during the first infection, all reported cases were mild. The average duration of illness for the first infection was 13.9 days, while for the second infection, it was 12.9 days. Only one patient reported being vaccinated before his second course of infection.
Conclusion: Infection with COVID-19 does not provide life-long protection. The possibility of recurrent and repeated reinfection with COVID-19 was presented in several cases especially in healthcare workers, indicating that screening of COVID19 infection in hospitals and healthcare centers is essential.
Gene Targeting on Point: Targeted Delivery of Tumor Suppressor Gene CHRDL‐1 via Peptide/FA‐Modified Layered Double Hydroxides Partner With JPH203 for Effective Hepatocellular Carcinoma Inhibition
Authors: Sun Zhouyi , Liu Yang , Zeng Tangye , Zuo Huali , Hu Qitao , Tian Zhou , Wang Qianwen , Zhang Bo , Tang Zhe , Chen Weiyu 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is increasing worldwide annually. However, traditional treatments like surgery, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy have limited efficacy, often accompanied by adverse reactions or drug resistance. Precision therapy via tumor‐specific gene therapy and targeted delivery would potentially improve therapeutic efficiency with desirable biosafety. In this study, CHRDL‐1 is identified in clinic specimens and comprehensively evaluated as a tumor suppressor gene against HCC via activation of the Hippo pathway. By integrating pDNA‐CHRDL‐1, layered double hydroxides, membrane‐penetrating peptide and folic acid, a novel nano‐platform (FT‐BL@P) is designed for HCC‐targeted gene therapy. As prepared FT‐BL@P effectively suppress the growth of HCC cells and induces apoptosis both in vitro and in vivo. Combined with JPH203, a phase 2 L‐type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT‐1) inhibitor, FT‐BL@P achieves synergistic anti‐tumor effects in a xenograft HCC model, suggesting that the co‐delivery of CHRDL‐1 combined with JPH203 holds promise as a potential therapeutic strategy for HCC.
Narrowband Detection via Charge Collection Narrowing Organic Photodetector Enabled by Low Bandgap Random Terpolymer for Biometric Sensing
Authors: Brunetta Matilde , Qiao Zhuoran , Zamhuri Adibah , Furlan Francesco , Rimmele Martina , Gilhooly‐Finn Peter A. , Cowen Lewis M. , Aniés Filip , Sukpoonprom Patipan , Cazaly Stanley , Panidi Julianna , Eisner Flurin , Heeney Martin , Schroeder Bob C. , Gasparini Nicola 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAchieving spectrally selective organic photodetectors (OPDs) without using broadband‐absorbing semiconductors with input filtering is a strenuous challenge. Charge collection narrowing (CCN) is a promising strategy to obtain spectrally selective near‐infrared (NIR) OPD by adopting a thick bulk heterojunction (BHJ) as active layers. In this work, a random terpolymer comprised from a diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP), thiophene (T) and benzothiadiazole (BT), ranDPP‐2TBT, is prepared and used as a donor material in combination with the low bandgap non‐fullerene acceptor (NFA) IEICO‐4F. OPDs with a low dark current density (6.88 × 10−9 A cm−2) and a 68 nm full‐width‐at‐half‐maximum (FWHM) narrowband response (R = 0.13 A W−1 at 916 nm) in the near‐infrared are achieved. Finally, an application of the OPD as a biometric heart‐rate sensor via photoplethysmography for real‐time monitoring is demonstrated.
Synthesis of 3‐Organoselenyl Quinolines through the Reduction of Alkynes Mediated by Electrophilic Organoselenium Compounds
Authors: Lutz Guilherme , Caldeira dos Santos Fabíola , Back Davi Fernando , Felix Marcela C. , Deflon Victor M. , Nogueira Cristina Wayne , Zeni Gilson 
Published: January 2025

AbstractA methodology for the synthesis and functionalization of quinolines was developed. This approach involves the cyclization of 2‐amino arylalkynyl ketones to 3‐(organoselanyl)‐4‐iodoquinolines through a sequential reaction pathway. The process includes: (i) in situ formation of an electrophilic organoselenyl species, (ii) activation of the alkyne‘s carbon‐carbon bond via a seleniranium ion intermediate, (iii) anti‐nucleophilic attack of iodide on the activated triple bond, and (iv) subsequent condensation. The resulting 3‐(organoselanyl)‐4‐iodoquinolines were demonstrated to be versatile substrates, efficiently undergoing Sonogashira cross‐coupling to produce 4‐alkynyl‐quinolines and Ullmann‐type reactions to yield the corresponding sulfides. Furthermore, the 4‐alkynyl‐quinolines were readily converted into selenophene derivatives via halogen‐promoted electrophilic cyclization, highlighting the broad applicability of the developed method.
Synthetic Bilirubin‐Based Nanomedicine Alleviates Atopic Dermatitis by Reducing Oxidative Stress and Modulating Immune Responses
Authors: Kim Dohyeon , Keum Hyeongseop , Kim Ryeowon , Choi Jieun , Prayogo Monica Celine , Kim Hyunjin , Shin Duckhyang , Abuzar Sharif MD , Jo Seunghyun , Kim Pilhan , Park Chang Ook , Jon Sangyong 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAtopic dermatitis (AD) is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease with a growing prevalence worldwide. Topical corticosteroids and non‐steroidal calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) are used as first‐line therapies for AD, but various side effects limit their long‐term use. Here, the first synthetic bilirubin(IIIα)‐derived nanoparticle is reported, designated BRNP(IIIα), and shows that it exhibits robust antioxidative and immunomodulatory effects and effectively reduces the clinical symptoms of AD upon topical treatment. BRNP(IIIα) in 1% high molecular weight hyaluronic acid (BRNP(IIIα)/HA) readily infiltrates into the dermis layer, notably downregulates disease‐associated reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inflammatory chemokines and cytokines, and suppresses the recruitment of leukocytes and mast cells to AD‐induced lesions. BRNP(IIIα)/HA also significantly reduces the tissue‐resident memory T cell population, suggesting that it may inhibit recurrence. Furthermore, BRNP(IIIα)/HA does not induce any adverse effect related to skin irritation/sensitization or eye irritation in human tissue. Collectively, the findings suggest that BRNP(IIIα)/HA may be useful as an alternative to corticosteroids or CNIs for the safe, effective, and long‐term topical treatment of AD.
Highly Self‐Adhesive and Biodegradable Silk Bioelectronics for All‐In‐One Imperceptible Long‐Term Electrophysiological Biosignals Monitoring
Authors: Mirbakht Seyed Sajjad , Golparvar Ata , Umar Muhammad , Kuzubasoglu Burcu Arman , Irani Farid Sayar , Yapici Murat Kaya 
Published: January 2025

AbstractSkin‐like bioelectronics offer a transformative technological frontier, catering to continuous and real‐time yet highly imperceptible and socially discreet digital healthcare. The key technological breakthrough enabling these innovations stems from advancements in novel material synthesis, with unparalleled possibilities such as conformability, miniature footprint, and elasticity. However, existing solutions still lack desirable properties like self‐adhesivity, breathability, biodegradability, transparency, and fail to offer a streamlined and scalable fabrication process. By addressing these challenges, inkjet‐patterned protein‐based skin‐like silk bioelectronics (Silk‐BioE) are presented, that integrate all the desirable material features that have been individually present in existing devices but never combined into a single embodiment. The all‐in‐one solution possesses excellent self‐adhesiveness (300 N m−1) without synthetic adhesives, high breathability (1263 g h−1 m−2) as well as swift biodegradability in soil within a mere 2 days. In addition, with an elastic modulus of ≈5 kPa and a stretchability surpassing 600%, the soft electronics seamlessly replicate the mechanics of epidermis and form a conformal skin/electrode interface even on hairy regions of the body under severe perspiration. Therefore, coupled with a flexible readout circuitry, Silk‐BioE can non‐invasively monitor biosignals (i.e., ECG, EEG, EOG) in real‐time for up to 12 h with benchmarking results against Ag/AgCl electrodes.