bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validation of Sepsis-3 using survival analysis and clinical evaluation of quick SOFA, SIRS, and burn-specific SIRS for sepsis in burn patients with suspected infection
Authors: Yoon Jaechul , Kym Dohern , Hur Jun , Cho Yong Suk , Chun Wook , Yoon Dogeon 
Published: January 2023

Purpose
Sepsis-3 is a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by dysregulated host responses to infection; and defined using the Sepsis-3 criteria, introduced in 2016, however, the criteria need to be validated in specific clinical fields. We investigated mortality prediction and compared the diagnostic performance of quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (qSOFA), systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), and burn-specific SIRS (bSIRS) in burn patients.

Methods
This single-center retrospective cohort study examined burn patients in Seoul, Korea during January 2010–December 2020. Overall, 1,391 patients with suspected infection were divided into four sepsis groups using SOFA, qSOFA, SIRS, and burn-specific SIRS.

Results
Hazard ratios (HRs) of all unadjusted models were statistically significant; however, the HR (0.726, p = 0.0080.001) in the SIRS ≥2 group is below 1. In the adjusted model, HRs of the SOFA ≥2 (2.426, <0.001), qSOFA ≥2 (7.198, p<0.001), and SIRS ≥2 (0.575, p<0.001) groups were significant. The diagnostic performance of dichotomized qSOFA, SIRS, and bSIRS for sepsis was defined by the Sepsis-3 criteria. The mean onset day was 4.13±2.97 according to Sepsis-3. The sensitivity of SIRS (0.989, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.982–0.994) was higher than that of qSOFA (0.841, 95% CI: 0.819–0.861) and bSIRS (0.803, 95% CI: 0.779–0.825). Specificities of qSOFA (0.929, 95% CI: 0.876–0.964) and bSIRS (0.922, 95% CI: 0.868–0.959) were higher than those of SIRS (0.461, 95% CI: 0.381–0.543).

Conclusion
Sepsis-3 is a good alternative diagnostic tool because it reflects sepsis severity without delaying diagnosis. SIRS showed higher sensitivity than qSOFA and bSIRS and may therefore more adequately diagnose sepsis.
Statistical and machine learning approaches to predict the necessity for computed tomography in children with mild traumatic brain injury
Authors: Miyagawa Tadashi , Saga Marina , Sasaki Minami , Shimizu Miyuki , Yamaura Akira 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundMinor head trauma in children is a common reason for emergency department visits, but the risk of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in those children is very low. Therefore, physicians should consider the indication for computed tomography (CT) to avoid unnecessary radiation exposure to children. The purpose of this study was to statistically assess the differences between control and mild TBI (mTBI). In addition, we also investigate the feasibility of machine learning (ML) to predict the necessity of CT scans in children with mTBI.Methods and findingsThe study enrolled 1100 children under the age of 2 years to assess pre-verbal children. Other inclusion and exclusion criteria were per the PECARN study. Data such as demographics, injury details, medical history, and neurological assessment were used for statistical evaluation and creation of the ML algorithm. The number of children with clinically important TBI (ciTBI), mTBI on CT, and controls was 28, 30, and 1042, respectively. Statistical significance between the control group and clinically significant TBI requiring hospitalization (csTBI: ciTBI+mTBI on CT) was demonstrated for all nonparametric predictors except severity of the injury mechanism. The comparison between the three groups also showed significance for all predictors (p<0.05). This study showed that supervised ML for predicting the need for CT scan can be generated with 95% accuracy. It also revealed the significance of each predictor in the decision tree, especially the "days of life."ConclusionsThese results confirm the role and importance of each of the predictors mentioned in the PECARN study and show that ML could discriminate between children with csTBI and the control group.
Suitability and user acceptance of the eResearch system “Prospective Monitoring and Management App (PIA)”—The example of an epidemiological study on infectious diseases
Authors: Ortmann Julia , Heise Jana-Kristin , Janzen Irina , Jenniches Felix , Kemmling Yvonne , Frömke Cornelia , Castell Stefanie 
Published: January 2023

Background
The eResearch system “Prospective Monitoring and Management App (PIA)” allows researchers to implement questionnaires on any topic and to manage biosamples. Currently, we use PIA in the longitudinal study ZIFCO (Integrated DZIF Infection Cohort within the German National Cohort) in Hannover (Germany) to investigate e.g. associations of risk factors and infectious diseases. Our aim was to assess user acceptance and compliance to determine suitability of PIA for epidemiological research on transient infectious diseases.

Methods
ZIFCO participants used PIA to answer weekly questionnaires on health status and report spontaneous onset of symptoms. In case of symptoms of a respiratory infection, the app requested participants to self-sample a nasal swab for viral analysis. To assess user acceptance, we implemented the System Usability Scale (SUS) and fitted a linear regression model on the resulting score. For investigation of compliance with submitting the weekly health questionnaires, we used a logistic regression model with binomial response.

Results
We analyzed data of 313 participants (median age 52.5 years, 52.4% women). An average SUS of 72.0 reveals good acceptance of PIA. Participants with a higher technology readiness score at the beginning of study participation also reported higher user acceptance. Overall compliance with submitting the weekly health questionnaires showed a median of 55.7%. Being female, of younger age and being enrolled for a longer time decreased the odds to respond. However, women over 60 had a higher chance to respond than women under 60, while men under 40 had the highest chance to respond. Compliance with nasal swab self-sampling was 77.2%.

Discussion
Our findings show that PIA is suitable for the use in epidemiologic studies with regular short questionnaires. Still, we will focus on user engagement and gamification for the further development of PIA to help incentivize regular and long-term participation.
Ironía y refutación: el elenchos de Calicles en el Gorgias de Platón
Authors: Forciniti Martín 
Published: January 2023

En este trabajo tomo como eje el concepto de ironía para analizar el elenchos que Sócrates practica sobre las opiniones de Calicles en el diálogo Gorgias. Asumo como punto de partida que Sócrates aspira a que su interlocutor modifique su disposición anímica y adopte un modo de vida filosófico, abandonando el retórico. Para ello, desarrolla un elenchos irónico que posee tres momentos: una fingida aceptación por parte de Sócrates de la dicotomía presentada por Calicles entre la vida del político, digna de imitación, y la del filósofo, merecedora de reproche; una inversión de dicha dicotomía; y finalmente una puesta en cuestión de dicha inversión. Concluiré sosteniendo que este tercer momento constituye una nueva maniobra socrática para instar a Calicles a que suspenda sus actividades políticas y examine previamente con él, de manera filosófica, el camino para volverse virtuoso.
La influencia de la negación anaxagórica de la génesis en la física aristotélica
Authors: Díaz María Elena 
Published: January 2023

Este trabajo ahonda en una de las estrategias básicas de Aristóteles en Physica I, la homogeneización de conceptos dispares de los primeros físicos, como parte del armado de su taxonomía de posiciones acerca de los principios. Esta estrategia propedéutica de la refutación consiste en el armado de una progresión y una genealogía de las posiciones de los físicos a partir del eleatismo. El objetivo principal de este trabajo es mostrar el sentido específico del concepto de separación en la física de Anaxágoras y las transformaciones que experimenta en la crítica aristotélica. En línea con trabajos recientes como los de Curd (2019) y Marmodoro (2017) que han llamado la atención sobre la especificidad del vocabulario físico de Anaxágoras, esta investigación muestra que las bases de su negación de la génesis y su reelaboración en términos de separación y mezcla reposan sobre tesis originales de su propia física. Tanto a nivel terminológico como conceptual, las nociones de separación y mezcla anaxagóricas no se pueden exportar a otra teoría física.
Review of E. Kaklamanou, M. Pavlou, A. Tsakmakis (eds.), Framing the Dialogues. How to Read Openings and Closures in Plato, Brill: Leiden-Boston 2021
Authors: Motta Anna 
Published: January 2023

Review of E. Kaklamanou, M. Pavlou, A. Tsakmakis (eds.), Framing the Dialogues. How to Read Openings and Closures in Plato, Brill: Leiden-Boston 2021 (Brill’s Plato Studies Series 6), pp. 318. ISSN: 2452-2945
Response-Guided Therapy With Cefotaxime, Ceftriaxone, or Ciprofloxacin for Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis: A Randomized Trial
Authors: Yim Hyung Joon , Kim Tae Hyung , Suh Sang Jun , Yim Sun Young , Jung Young Kul , Seo Yeon Seok , Kang Seong Hee , Kim Moon Young , Baik Soon Koo , Kim Hong Soo , Kim Young Seok , Park Soo Young , Kim Byung Ik , Park Jun Yong , Heo Jeong , Sohn Joo Hyun , Heo Nae-Yun , Han Kwang-Hyub , Um Soon Ho 
Published: January 2023

INTRODUCTION:
For the treatment of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP), cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, and ciprofloxacin were used as first-line agents. However, considering the increasing rate of antibiotic resistance, it is unclear which of these drugs can be initially recommended. This study aimed to compare the current efficacy of the 3 antibiotics, namely cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, and ciprofloxacin, for the treatment of SBP in patients with cirrhosis with ascites, when guided by therapeutic responses.

METHODS:
This study was a multicenter, prospective, randomized controlled trial. The inclusion criteria were 16- to 75-year-old patients with liver cirrhosis with ascites, having polymorphonuclear cell count of >250/mm3. We performed a follow-up paracentesis at 48 hours to decide continuing or changing the assigned antibiotics and then assessed the resolution rates at 120 and 168 hours of treatment.

RESULTS:
A total of 261 patients with cirrhosis who developed SBP were enrolled. Most of the patients were diagnosed as those with SBP within 48 hours of admission. The resolution rates at 120 hours, which is the primary endpoint, were 67.8%, 77.0%, and 73.6% in the cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, and ciprofloxacin groups, respectively (P = 0.388), by intension-to-treat analysis. The 1-month mortality was similar among the groups (P = 0.770). The model for end-stage liver disease score and the SBP resolution were significant factors for survival.

CONCLUSION:
The efficacy of empirical antibiotics, such as cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, and ciprofloxacin, against SBP was not significantly different. In addition, these antibiotics administered based on response-guided therapy were still efficacious as initial treatment for SBP, especially in those with community-acquired infections.
IMPLEMENTASI K-MEDOIDS DAN MODEL WEIGHTED-LENGTH RECENCY FREQUENCY MONETARY (W-LRFM) UNTUK SEGMENTASI PELANGGAN DILENGKAPI GUI R
Authors: Afandi Ta’fif Lukman , Warsito Budi , Santoso Rukun 
Published: January 2023

The k-medoids algorithm is a partition-based clustering algorithm that groups n objects as much as k clusters. The algorithm uses medoids as the center point (partition) of the cluster. Medoids are actual objects that are randomly selected as the most centered object in a cluster so that the k-medoids algorithm is robust against outliers. Grouping objects in cluster analysis based on similarities between objects. Measurement of similarity between objects can use the euclidean and manhattan distances. The use of distance in cluster analysis can affect cluster results. Validation of cluster results using internal validation, namely the silhouette index. The Weighted-Length Recency Frequency Monetary (W-LRFM) model is a model that applies the relative importance (weight) of the LRFM model according to the importance of each variable in the LRFM model. LRFM model is a model used for customer segmentation based on customer behavior which consists of variables length, recency, frequency, and monetary. The relative importance (weight) of the W-LFRM model uses the Analytics Hierarchical Process (AHP) method. The W-LRFM model is used to calculate the Customer Lifetime Value (CLV) of each cluster. The implementation of k-medoids and the W-LFRM model in this study are used for customer segmentation based on the length, recency frequency, and monetary variable. The formation of these variables is the result of transformation of customer behavior data such as transaction id, date of purchase, and a total amount of 41,073 rows into variable length, recency, frequency, and monetary as much as 5,108 rows. The criteria of the best cluster formed are k = 2 using the manhattan distance with the average of coefficient values = 0.62. The weights on the W-LRFM model produced based on the AHP method are 0.16, 0.29, 0.47, and 0.08 for the variable length, recency, frequency, and monetary. CLV formed from two clusters, namely 0.158 and 0.499. CLV in the second cluster is bigger so that the second cluster becomes the main priority in the marketing strategy. The second cluster has the characteristics 0.29, 0.47, and 0.08 for the variable length, recency, frequency, and monetary. The second cluster has the characteristics means a loyal customer group. The first cluster has characteristics means a potential customer group. This research is assisted by using Graphical User Interface (GUI) R to facilitate analysis
The Effect of Rotational Speed of Homogenization on Emulsion Results Obtained Using Soy Lecithin Emulsifier
Authors: Namira Zahra Rahma , Paramita Vita , Kusumayanti Heny 
Published: January 2023

Homogenization is the process of homogenizing particle size in an effort to maintain the stability of a mixture formed from 2 phases that cannot be fused or commonly called emulsions. This study aims to analyze the effect of homogenization speed and differences in solid concentration in homogenization process using homogenizer. The ingredients used are Virgin Coconut Oil as a solute, Aquadest as a solvent, and soy lecithin as an emulsifier. Several stages of analysis are density, viscosity, microscopic, and emulsion stability analysis. The results obtained from this study were optimum stirring speed of 22,000 rpm with optimum homogenization time of 4 minutes, solid concentration of 60% obtaining density of 0.78 gr/mL, viscosity of 5.86 cP, stability of 100%, and most stable microscope test. The results showed that the greater the stirring speed and time, the smaller the density and viscosity value produced and the greater the stability value obtained. The greater the concentration of solids, the greater the density, viscosity, and stability of the emulsion.
Evidence for the reinstatement of Kallymeniopsis and the merger of the family Crossocarpaceae within the family Kallymeniaceae (Rhodophyta)
Authors: Skriptsova Anna V. , Shibneva Svetlana Yu. , Semenchenko Alexander A. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We present a three-gene phylogeny, based on nuclear (short fragment of large subunit ribosomal RNA gene, 1150 base pairs), chloroplast (ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase large subunit) and mitochondrial (5′ region of the cytochrome oxidase subunit 1) genes, to determine the position of three species, Kallymeniopsis verrucosa, Beringia castanea and Crossocarpus lamuticus in the Gigartinales. These species were placed by Perestenko in the family Crossocarpaceae, a proposal that was not supported by most phycologists. The goal of this project was to resolve the taxonomic position of these three species and answer the question: Is the Crossocarpaceae a separate family? The concatenated multi-gene phylogeny and the individual gene trees show that these algae nest deeply within the family Kallymeniaceae; K. verrucosa and C. lamuticus are most closely related to species referred currently to the genus Erythrophyllum, whereas B. castanea is sister to the recently established Commanderella ruprechtiana. Taking into account the data on morphology, vegetative and reproductive anatomy of different species, we propose to revive the genus Kallymeniopsis with three species and to retain Crossocarpus as a separate genus. Beringia is a separate monotypic genus.
Inconsistency between morphological diversity and genetic structuring: proposal for one species of Undaria in Japan
Authors: Uwai Shinya , Takagi Satomi , Sekiguchi Takuma , Emura Nozomi , Morita Teruwo , Kurashima Akira , Sato Yoichi 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Genetic structure analyses have yielded some examples of inconsistencies between genetic and morphological information. Here, eleven nuclear microsatellite markers and mitochondrial haplotypes were used to examine the genetic structure and gene flow among Japanese Undaria pinnatifida populations and the congeneric species U. undarioides and U. peterseniana. Undaria pinnatifida was subdivided into four “Groups” of populations based on Bayesian clustering analysis, Neighbor-net analysis and Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA). Undaria undarioides samples formed a unique Group. In contrast, U. peterseniana samples either grouped with a mixture of U. pinnatifida and U. undarioides clusters or were included within one of the U. pinnatifida clusters. More significantly, Groups of populations shared alleles with geographically adjacent Groups even between different morphospecies. No clear differences between the inter-and intra-specific genetic divergence were observed in either nuclear or mitochondrial markers. As a result, U. undarioides and U. peterseniana were synonymized with U. pinnatifida. Isolation-by-distance suggested the significance of geographical isolation for maintaining the observed divergence.
Nitzschia venerata, sp. nov., a simulacrum for the conopeate, tube-dwelling diatom Nitzschia martiana, has scuta not conopea: a case of convergent evolution?
Authors: Lobban Christopher S. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Nitzschia martiana, recently restored to Homoeocladia (C. Agardh) emend Lobban et Ashworth, has needle-like cells and forms macroscopic colonies that are so distinctive that they have been reported on the basis of light microscopy alone. It is the type species for Homoeocladia, which have long flaps (conopea) arising from the sternum and covering a valve depression. This group has extreme diversity at the ultrastructural level and it would not be surprising to find another similar to H. martiana. However, Nitzschia venerata, sp. nov., is a surprising look-alike found in a coral reef seaweed sample from Saipan, Northern Mariana Islands (Western Pacific Ocean). It was studied with light- and scanning electron microscopy. Attempts to find colonies in live and preserved samples were unsuccessful. It is very long and narrow, with a valve depression like that in conopeate species. However, ultrastructurally it is not conopeate because the long flaps arise from the valve face and grow toward the keel and can therefore be classified as scuta. Although tube formation remains unknown, the extreme length and narrowness of the cells suggest it might occur, so that scientists identifying potential H. martiana should be alert to the possibility that they have N. venerata or some other needle-like Homoeocladia.
Energy- efficient model “Inception V3 based on deep convolutional neural network” using cloud platform for detection of COVID-19 infected patients
Authors: Kumar Sachin , Pal Saurabh , Singh Vijendra Pratap , Jaiswal Priya 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Objectives
COVID-19 is frightening the health of billions of persons and speedily scattering worldwide. Medical studies have revealed that the majority of COVID-19 patients. X-ray of COVID-19 is extensively used because of their noticeably lower price than CT. This research article aims to spot the COVID-19 virus in the X-ray of the chest in less time and with better accuracy.

Methods
We have used the inception-v3 available on the cloud platform transfer learning model to classify COVID-19 infection. The online Inception v3 model can be reliable and efficient for COVID-19 disease recognition. In this experiment, we collected images of COVID-19-infected patients, then applied the online inception-v3 model to automatically extract features, and used a softmax classifier to classify the COVID-19 images. Finally, the experiment shows inception v3 is significant for COVID-19 image classification.

Results
Our results demonstrate that our proposed inception v3 model available on the cloud platform can detect 99.41% of COVID-19 cases between COVID-19 and Lung Mask diseases in 44 min only. We have also taken images of the normal chest for better outcomes. To estimate the computation power of the model, we collected 6018 COVID-19, Lung Masks, & Normal Chest images for experimentation. Our projected model offered a trustworthy COVID-19 classification by using chest X-rays.

Conclusions
In this research paper, the inception v3 model available on the cloud platform is used to categorize COVID-19 infection by X-ray images. The Inception v3 model available on the cloud platform is helpful to clinical experts to examine the enormous quantity of human chest X-ray images. Scientific and clinical experiments will be the subsequent objective of this paper.
Safety and user experience with off-label use of a flash glucose monitor (FreeStyle Libre® 1) among very young children with type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Abulqasim Jumana , Alotaibi Fahad , Al Khalifah Reem Abdullah 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Objectives
FreeStyle Libre 1 (FGM) has been approved by the FDA for children older than 4 years. It enables noninvasive glucose monitoring without the need for finger pricking. Parents of very young children often use the device off-label. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the safety of and user experience with FreeStyle Libre® 1 and determine its impact on sleep and glycemic control.

Methods
This was an ambi-directional cohort study. We recruited parents of very young children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) who were less than 5 years old when they started using FGM at the King Saud University Diabetes Center. The parents filled out a survey evaluating their experience with the system. In addition, the glucose metrics of the children were also obtained from the Libre View system.

Results
We included 31 children with mean age of the children when they started using FGM was 3.88 ± 1.10 years (range, 1.46–5.4 years), and the mean sensor use was 2.3 ± 1.3 years. During the use of the device, the parents had increased sleep duration of 0.71 h (p-value=0.04), had earlier bedtime by 2.8 h (p-value=0.04), and were able to sleep in a separate room from their children. In addition, the time in range improved by 9.9%, the time above range decreased by 8.8%, and the HbA1c level reduced by 1.56%.

Conclusions
The safety profile of FGM used for very young children with T1DM is the same for older children, which leads to improved metabolic control and sleep quality of both the parent and the child.