bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predicting building energy utilization with energy plus simulation and advanced sea lion optimization algorithm based on Elman neural network
Authors: Ali Al‐Fadheeli Mohammed Saud , Bouteraa Yassine , Mohammed Adil Hussein , Mahmood Salman Hayder , Ghasemi Ghadir 
Published: March 2023

SummaryThere are different methods for modeling a structure and the building with the heat from the exterior and interior sources for evaluating a good performance, predicting energy utilization. Various methods, differing from simple regression to techniques, which are according to the physical ideology, could be utilized in simulation. There is a prevalent explanation for whole these methods, in which the input parameters are according to an actual database when they are accessible, or else, the energy utilization assessment would be underestimated or over‐estimated. In this investigation, two procedures have been presented that one is according to Elman neural network based on advanced sea lion optimization algorithm and the other one is according to physical ideology, that is, energy plus, which is prediction equipment for predicting building energy utilization. It can be seen that both methods can be proper for energy utilization prediction. In addition, an analysis that is parametric is implemented for the reflected structure on energy plus for evaluating the impact of some variables like the occupation of the building profile and weather database on predicting.
Reliability of the NACC Telephone‐administered Neuropsychological Battery (T‐cog) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment for participants in the USC ADRC
Authors: Howard Rebecca Sitra , Goldberg Terry E. , Luo James , Munoz Cynthia , Schneider Lon S. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroductionRestrictions during the COVID‐19 pandemic necessitated remote administration of neuropsychological testing. We assessed the test–retest reliability for a telephone‐administered cognitive battery, recommended for use in the National Institute on Aging Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (ADRC).Methods64 participants in the University of Southern California ADRC clinical core underwent repeat telephone evaluation using the T‐cog Neuropsychological Battery. Reliability was measured by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for continuous variables and weighted Kappa coefficient for categorical variables. Mean scores for Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) total and Craft Story 21 Immediate and Delayed Recall were compared using paired t tests.ResultsMean age was 74.8 (8.3 standard deviation); 73.4% were female. ICCs ranged from 0.52 to 0.84, indicating moderate test–retest reliability except for number span backward, which showed poor reliability. Weighted Kappa for MoCA items ranged from −0.016 to 0.734; however, relatively good observed agreement was seen across all items (70.3% to 98.4%). Although MoCA total scores did not significantly change, Craft Story 21 Immediate and Delayed Recall mean scores increased between first and second administrations (P < 0.0001).DiscussionTest–retest reliability for the T‐cog Neuropsychological Battery is adequate. The variation seen in testing is similar to results seen from face‐to‐face testing, with Craft Story 21 recall showing modest and expected practice effects.Highlights
Moderate test–retest reliability is seen in most measures of the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center Neuropsychological Test Battery and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA).
Intraclass correlation coefficients ranged from 0.52 to 0.84, except for number Span backward.
Weighted Kappa for MoCA items varied, but good observed agreement was seen.
MoCA total mean score did not change significantly between administrations.
Craft Story 21 Immediate and Delayed Recall means increased on repeat testing (P < 0.0001).
2b or not 2b? 2bRAD is an effective alternative to ddRAD for phylogenomics
Authors: Chambers E. Anne , Tarvin Rebecca D. , Santos Juan C. , Ron Santiago R. , Betancourth‐Cundar Mileidy , Hillis David M. , Matz Mikhail V. , Cannatella David C. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractRestriction‐site‐associated DNA sequencing (RADseq) has become an accessible way to obtain genome‐wide data in the form of single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for phylogenetic inference. Nonetheless, how differences in RADseq methods influence phylogenetic estimation is poorly understood because most comparisons have largely relied on conceptual predictions rather than empirical tests. We examine how differences in ddRAD and 2bRAD data influence phylogenetic estimation in two non‐model frog groups. We compare the impact of method choice on phylogenetic information, missing data, and allelic dropout, considering different sequencing depths. Given that researchers must balance input (funding, time) with output (amount and quality of data), we also provide comparisons of laboratory effort, computational time, monetary costs, and the repeatability of library preparation and sequencing. Both 2bRAD and ddRAD methods estimated well‐supported trees, even at low sequencing depths, and had comparable amounts of missing data, patterns of allelic dropout, and phylogenetic signal. Compared to ddRAD, 2bRAD produced more repeatable datasets, had simpler laboratory protocols, and had an overall faster bioinformatics assembly. However, many fewer parsimony‐informative sites per SNP were obtained from 2bRAD data when using native pipelines, highlighting a need for further investigation into the effects of each pipeline on resulting datasets. Our study underscores the importance of comparing RADseq methods, such as expected results and theoretical performance using empirical datasets, before undertaking costly experiments.
Estimating body mass of wild pigs (Sus scrofa) using body morphometrics
Authors: Baruzzi Carolina , Snow Nathan P. , Vercauteren Kurt C. , Strickland Bronson K. , Arnoult Jacques S. , Fischer Justin W. , Glow Michael P. , Lavelle Michael J. , Smith Benjamin A. , Steakley Daryl , Lashley Marcus A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWild pigs (Sus scrofa) are invading many areas globally and impacting biodiversity and economies in their non‐native range. Thus, wild pigs are often targeted for eradication efforts. Age‐ and sex‐specific body measurements are important for informing these eradication efforts because they reflect body condition, resource availability, and fecundity, which are common indicators of population trajectory. However, body mass is often difficult to collect, especially on large individuals that require specialized equipment or multiple people to weigh. Measurements that can be rapidly taken by a single land or wildlife manager on any size wild pig without aid from specialized equipment would be beneficial if they accurately infer wild pig body mass. Our goals were to assess whether morphometric measurements could accurately predict wild pig body mass, and to provide tools to directly input these measures and estimate wild pig body mass. Using linear models, we quantified the relationship between body mass and morphometric measurements (i.e., body length, chest girth, ear length, eye to snout length, hindfoot length, shoulder length, and tail length) from a subset (n = 102) of wild pigs culled at the Mississippi Alluvial Valley, Mississippi, USA. We evaluated separate models for each individual morphometric measurement. We then used the model coefficients to develop equations to predict wild pig body mass. We validated these equations predicting body mass of 1592 individuals collected across eight areas in Australia, Guam, and the USA for cross‐validation. Each developed equation remained accurate when cross‐validated across regions. Body length, chest girth, and shoulder length were the morphometrics that best predicted wild pig body mass. Our analyses indicated it is possible to use the presented equations to infer wild pig body mass from simple metrics.
Rethinking the nature of intraspecific variability and its consequences on species coexistence
Authors: Girard‐Tercieux Camille , Maréchaux Isabelle , Clark Adam T. , Clark James S. , Courbaud Benoît , Fortunel Claire , Guillemot Joannès , Künstler Georges , le Maire Guerric , Pélissier Raphaël , Rüger Nadja , Vieilledent Ghislain 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntraspecific variability (IV) has been proposed to explain species coexistence in diverse communities. Assuming, sometimes implicitly, that conspecific individuals can perform differently in the same environment and that IV increases niche overlap, previous studies have found contrasting results regarding the effect of IV on species coexistence. We aim at showing that the large IV observed in data does not mean that conspecific individuals are necessarily different in their response to the environment and that the role of high‐dimensional environmental variation in determining IV has largely remained unexplored in forest plant communities. We first used a simulation experiment where an individual attribute is derived from a high‐dimensional model, representing “perfect knowledge” of individual response to the environment, to illustrate how large observed IV can result from “imperfect knowledge” of the environment. Second, using growth data from clonal Eucalyptus plantations in Brazil, we estimated a major contribution of the environment in determining individual growth. Third, using tree growth data from long‐term tropical forest inventories in French Guiana, Panama and India, we showed that tree growth in tropical forests is structured spatially and that despite a large observed IV at the population level, conspecific individuals perform more similarly locally than compared with heterospecific individuals. As the number of environmental dimensions that are well quantified at fine scale is generally lower than the actual number of dimensions influencing individual attributes, a great part of observed IV might be represented as random variation across individuals when in fact it is environmentally driven. This mis‐representation has important consequences for inference about community dynamics. We emphasize that observed IV does not necessarily impact species coexistence per se but can reveal species response to high‐dimensional environment, which is consistent with niche theory and the observation of the many differences between species in nature.
Population‐level lateralization of boxing displays enhances fighting success in male Great Himalayan leaf‐nosed bats
Authors: Zhang Chunmian , Lucas Jeffrey R. , Feng Jiang , Jiang Tinglei , Sun Congnan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBehavioral lateralization with left‐ and right‐hand use is common in the Animal Kingdom and can be advantageous for social species. The existence of a preferential use of the hands during agonistic interactions has been described for a number of invertebrate and vertebrate species. Bats compose the second largest order of mammals. They not only use their forelimbs for flight but also agonistic interactions. However, whether bat species show a population‐level lateralized aggressive display has largely been unexplored. Here, we examine the lateralization of boxing displays during agonistic interactions in male Great Himalayan leaf‐nosed bats, Hipposideros armiger, from three different populations. We found a population‐level lateralization of boxing displays: Males from all three populations show a preferential use of the left forearm to attack opponents. In addition, left‐handed boxers have higher fighting success over right‐handed boxers. This study expands our knowledge of the handedness of bats and highlights the role of behavioral lateralization in conflict resolution in nocturnal mammals.
N2O emission associated with shifts of bacterial communities in riparian wetland during the spring thawing periods
Authors: Cao Xiaoai , Liu Huamin , Liu Yang , Jing Jin , Wen Lu , Xu Zhichao , Liu Xuhua , Liu Dongwei , Zhuo Yi , Wang Lixin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSoil freeze–thaw processes lead to high nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions and exacerbate the greenhouse effect. The wetlands of the Inner Mongolia Plateau are in the pronounced seasonal freeze–thaw zone, but the effect of spring thaw on N2O emissions and related microbial mechanisms is still unclear. We investigated the effects of different periods (freeze, freeze–thaw, and thaw) on soil bacterial community diversity and composition and greenhouse gas emissions during the spring freeze–thaw in the XiLin River riparian wetlands in China by amplicon sequencing and static dark box methods. The results showed that the freeze–thaw periods predominantly impact on the diversity and composition of the bacterial communities. The phyla composition of the soil bacteria communities of the three periods is similar in level, with Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, Actinobacteria, and Acidobacteria dominating the microbial communities. The alpha‐diversity of bacterial communities in different periods varies that the freezing period is higher than that of the freeze–thaw period (p < .05). Soil total carbon, soil water content, and microbial biomass carbon were the primary factors regulating the abundance and compositions of the bacterial communities during spring thawing periods. Based on functional predictions, the relative abundance of nitrification and denitrification genes was higher in the freezing period than in the thawing period, while the abundance was lowest in the freeze–thawing period. The correlation results found that N2O emissions were significantly correlated with amoA and amoB in nitrification genes, indicating that nitrification may be the main process of N2O production during spring thaw. This study reveals potential microbial mechanisms of N2O emission during spring thaw and provides data support and theoretical basis for further insight into the mechanism of N2O emission during spring thaw.
Intraspecific variation in mycorrhizal response is much larger than ecological literature suggests
Authors: Stahlhut Katherine N. , Conway Megan , Mason Chase M. , Bauer Jonathan T. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMycorrhizal response is the most common metric for characterizing how much benefit a plant derives from mycorrhizal symbiosis. Traditionally, ecologists have used these metrics to generalize benefit from mycorrhizal symbiosis in plant species, ignoring the potential for plant intraspecific trait variation to alter the outcome of the mutualism. In order for mean trait values to be useful as a functional trait to describe a species, as has been attempted for mycorrhizal response traits, interspecific variation must be much larger than intraspecific variation. While the variation among species has been extensively studied with respect to mycorrhizal response traits, variation within species has rarely been examined. We conducted a systematic review and analyzed how much variation for mycorrhizal growth and nutrient response typically exists within a plant species. We assessed 28 publications that included 60 individual studies testing mycorrhizal response in at least five genotypes of a plant species, and we found that intraspecific trait variation for mycorrhizal response was generally very large and highly variable depending on study design. The difference between the highest and lowest growth response in a study ranged from 10% to 350% across studies, and 36 of the studies included species for which both positive and negative growth responses to mycorrhizae were observed across different genotypes. The intraspecific variation for mycorrhizal growth response in some of these studies was larger than the variation documented among species across the plant kingdom. Phosphorus concentration and content was measured in 17 studies and variation in phosphorus response was similar to variation in growth responses. We also found that plant genotype was just as important for predicting mycorrhizal response as the effects of fungal inoculant identity. Our analysis highlights not only the potential importance of intraspecific trait variation for mycorrhizal response, but also the lack of research that has been done on the scale of this variation in plant species. Including intraspecific variation into research on the interactions between plants and their symbionts can increase our understanding of plant coexistence and ecological stability.
Transcatheter mitral valve replacement or repair for secondary mitral regurgitation: a propensity score‐matched analysis
Authors: Ludwig Sebastian , Kalbacher Daniel , Ali Walid Ben , Weimann Jessica , Adam Matti , Duncan Alison , Webb John G. , Windecker Stephan , Orban Mathias , Giannini Cristina , Coisne Augustin , Karam Nicole , Scotti Andrea , Sondergaard Lars , Adamo Marianna , Muller David W.M. , Butter Christian , Denti Paolo , Melica Bruno , Regazzoli Damiano , Garatti Andrea , Schmidt Tobias , Andreas Martin , Dahle Gry , Taramasso Maurizio , Nickenig Georg , Dumonteil Nicolas , Walther Thomas , Flagiello Michele , Kempfert Joerg , Fam Neil , Ruge Hendrik , Rudolph Tanja K. , Wyler von Ballmoos Moritz C. , Metra Marco , Redwood Simon , Granada Juan F. , Tang Gilbert H.L. , Latib Azeem , Lurz Philipp , von Bardeleben Ralph Stephan , Modine Thomas , Hausleiter Jörg , Conradi Lenard ,   on behalf of the CHOICE‐MI and the EuroSMR Investigators (see online Appendix S1)
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTAimsThis study aimed to compare outcomes after transcatheter mitral valve replacement (TMVR) and mitral valve transcatheter edge‐to‐edge repair (M‐TEER) for the treatment of secondary mitral regurgitation (SMR).Methods and resultsThe CHOICE‐MI registry included 262 patients with SMR treated with TMVR between 2014 and 2022. The EuroSMR registry included 1065 patients with SMR treated with M‐TEER between 2014 and 2019. Propensity score (PS) matching was performed for 12 demographic, clinical and echocardiographic parameters. Echocardiographic, functional and clinical outcomes out to 1 year were compared in the matched cohorts. After PS matching, 235 TMVR patients (75.5 years [70.0, 80.0], 60.2% male, EuroSCORE II 6.3% [interquartile range 3.8, 12.4]) were compared to 411 M‐TEER patients (76.7 years [70.1, 80.5], 59.0% male, EuroSCORE II 6.7% [3.9, 12.4]). All‐cause mortality was 6.8% after TMVR and 3.8% after M‐TEER at 30 days (p = 0.11), and 25.8% after TMVR and 18.9% after M‐TEER at 1 year (p = 0.056). No differences in mortality after 1 year were found between both groups in a 30‐day landmark analysis (TMVR: 20.4%, M‐TEER: 15.8%, p = 0.21). Compared to M‐TEER, TMVR resulted in more effective mitral regurgitation (MR) reduction (residual MR ≤1+ at discharge for TMVR vs. M‐TEER: 95.8% vs. 68.8%, p < 0.001), and superior symptomatic improvement (New York Heart Association class ≤II at 1 year: 77.8% vs. 64.3%, p = 0.015).ConclusionIn this PS‐matched comparison between TMVR and M‐TEER in patients with severe SMR, TMVR was associated with superior reduction of MR and superior symptomatic improvement. While post‐procedural mortality tended to be higher after TMVR, no significant differences in mortality were found beyond 30 days.
Photoinduced Metal‐Free Decarboxylative Transformations: Rapid Access to Amines, Alkyl Halides, and Olefins
Authors: Luo Jia‐jing , Jing Dong , Lu Cong , Zheng Ke 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHerein, we report an efficient photocatalytic strategy for the decarboxylative transformations of redox‐active esters to construct C=C, C(sp3)−N, and C(sp3)−X bonds in a single‐step. This operationally simple method provides a straightforward access to a variety of protected alkyl amines, alkyl halides and olefins under mild conditions in the absence of metals and photocatalysts. The method can successfully be applied to primary, secondary, and tertiary aliphatic carboxylic acid derivatives. Mechanistic studies indicate that the charge transfer complex (CTC) was formed by nBu4NI with redox‐active esters, in which the nBu4NI acted as both an iodine source and an efficient electron donor.
Risk assessment of lead and cadmium concentrations in hen's eggs using Monte Carlo simulations
Authors: Hoseini Hedayat , Abedi Abdol‐Samad , Mohammadi‐Nasrabadi Fatemeh , Salmani Yeganeh , Esfarjani Fatemeh 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe hen egg is one of the main sources of cheap, great quality, and nutritious food. This study aimed at determining the level of lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) in hen eggs and at assessing the carcinogenic and non‐carcinogenic risks caused by the consumption of hen eggs collected in Iran. A total of 42 hen eggs from 17 major brands were randomly sampled from supermarkets. Lead and cadmium concentrations were determined by using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP‐MS). Additionally, using the Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) method to calculate dietary exposure, target hazard quotient (THQ), and incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR), the related human health risk associated with ingesting these hazardous metals for adults was evaluated. The average Pb and Cd concentrations in whole eggs were 7.16 ± 0.248, and 2.83 ± 0.151 μg kg−1, respectively, which were less than the maximum permitted levels, established by FAO/WHO and the Institute of Standards and Industrial Research of Iran (ISIRI). Pb and Cd concentrations were significantly correlated at the 0.05 level (r = 0.350). Regarding the levels of Pb and Cd in eggs, overall, the estimated weekly intake (EWI) of these metals for adults by egg consumption was determined 0.014 and 0.007 mg/week, respectively, which were lower than the risk values suggested. The carcinogenic and non‐carcinogenic indexes of Cd and Pb indicated that the adult population in Iran was safe (THQ Pb and Cd <1, ILCR <10−6 Pb). It should be emphasized that this research primarily focuses on egg consumption, which may account for a relatively small portion of Iranian consumers' overall exposure to Pb and Cd. Therefore, a comprehensive study on the risk assessment of these metals through whole‐diet foods is recommended. The findings showed that lead and cadmium levels in all evaluated eggs were suitable for human consumption. Adults' Pb and Cd exposure from eating eggs was significantly lower than the risk levels established by Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA), per the exposure assessment. According to the THQ values of these dangerous metals, which were below one value, egg eating by Iranian consumers does not present a non‐carcinogenic risk. In addition, this finding provides accurate and reliable information for policymakers to improve food safety status to reduce public health hazards.