bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Added value of multiple autoantibody testing for predicting progression to inflammatory arthritis in at-risk individuals
Authors: Ponchel Frederique , Duquenne Laurence , Xie Xuanxiao , Corscadden Diane , Shuweihdi Farag , Mankia K , Trouw L A , Emery Paul 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundPredicting progression to clinical arthritis in individuals at-risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis is a prerequisite to developing stratification groups for prevention strategies. Selecting accurate predictive criteria is the critical step to define the population at-risk. While positivity for anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA) remains the main recruitment biomarker, positivity for other autoantibodies (AutoAbs) identified before the onset of symptoms, may provide additional predictive accuracy for stratification.ObjectiveTo perform a multiple AutoAbs analysis for both the prediction and the time of progression to inflammatory arthritis (IA).Methods392 individuals were recruited based on a new musculoskeletal complaint and positivity for ACPA or rheumatoid factor (RF). ELISAs were performed for ACPA, RF, anti-nuclear Ab, anti-carbamylated protein (anti-CarP) and anti-collagen AutoAbs. Logistic and COX regression were used for analysis.ResultsProgression to IA was observed in 125/392 (32%) of cases, of which 78 progressed within 12 months. The AutoAbs ACPA, RF, anti-CarP were individually associated with progression (p<0.0001) and improved prediction when combined with demographic/clinical data (Accuracy >77%; area under the curve (AUC) >0.789), compared with prediction using only demographic/clinical data (72.9%, AUC=0.760). Multiple AutoAbs testing provided added value, with +6.4% accuracy for number of positive AutoAbs (AUC=0.852); +5.4% accuracy for AutoAbs levels (ACPA/anti-CarP, AUC=0.832); and +6.2% accuracy for risk-groups based on high/low levels (ACPA/RF/anti-CarP, AUC=0.837). Time to imminent progression was best predicted using ACPA/anti-CarP levels (AUC=0.779), while the number of positive AutoAbs was/status/risk were as good (AUC=0.778).ConclusionWe confirm added value of multiple AutoAbs testing for identifying progressors to clinical disease, allowing more specific stratification for intervention studies.
Spatial patterns and environmental factors related to arsenic bioaccumulation in boreal freshwater fish
Authors: Kluke Calvin , Lescord Gretchen L. , Johnston Thomas A. , Kielstra Brian W. , Lock Alan , Bhavsar Satyendra , Gunn John M. 
Published: December 2022

To better understand the spatial patterns in arsenic (As) bioaccumulation in freshwater systems, we investigated ecological, physical, and chemical factors associated with total arsenic concentrations ([As]) in lacustrine and riverine fish across Ontario, Canada, using a dataset of 3200 fish across 152 waterbodies. Assembled data of water chemistry, landscape characteristics, and stable carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios in muscle tissue were then used to assess factors related to As bioaccumulation. Results show that [As] were generally low across most species and waterbodies (i.e., <1 µg·g−1 wet in many inland fish). However, fish from northern coastal rivers had up to 23-fold higher [As] when compared with fish from landlocked sites. As concentrations increased slightly with the proportion of pelagic carbon in a fish's diet, although relationships varied among species and sites. Furthermore, principal component scores, representing landscape and water chemistry variables, were related to [As] in fish, but these relationships varied among species. These results will help improve the efficacy of fish contaminant monitoring by further identifying key physical and ecological variables related to higher [As] in fish.
Solving the fourth-order nonlinear boundary value problem by a boundary shape function method
Authors: Liu Chein-Shan , Li Botong 
Published: December 2022

A method to construct the boundary shape function (BSF) and then two novel methods are developed to obtain the solutions of fourth-order singularly perturbed beam equation and nonlinear boundary value problem (BVP). In the first-type algorithm, the free function is a series of complete basis functions, while the corresponding BSFs are new bases. The trial functions with fractional powers exponential are suitable for the singularly perturbed beam equation under fixed-end and simply supported boundary conditions. With the aid of the BSF, we can improve the asymptotic and uniform approximations to exactly satisfy the prescribed boundary conditions. In the second-type algorithm, the solution of a nonlinear BVP is viewed as a boundary shape function, while the free function is regarded as a new variable. With this means, the fourth-order nonlinear BVP is exactly converted to an initial value problem with a new variable, the terminal value of which is unknown, when the initial conditions are given. The computed order of convergence and an error estimation are given. Numerical illustrations, including the singularly perturbed examples, show that the present methods, based on the new idea of the BSF, are highly effective, accurate, and fast convergent.
Improving colour computations in MadGraph5_aMC@NLO and exploring a $$1/N_c$$ expansion
Authors: Lifson Andrew , Mattelaer Olivier 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this paper, we present an extension of which is able to evaluate tree-level QCD matrix-elements up to $$2\rightarrow 6$$

2
→
6

(one more particle than before). To achieve this, we implemented Berends–Giele-like recursion, and re-implemented the way colour is computed such that we can now expand the colour matrix in powers of $$1/N_c$$

1
/

N
c

and truncate this expansion to a chosen order. For high multiplicity samples, even without truncating the colour matrix, the new implementation offers a speed gain compared to the previous code.
Exploring non standard interactions effects in T2HK and DUNE
Authors: Brahma Barnali , Giri Anjan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractNeutrino oscillations in matter offer a novel path to investigate new physics. One of the main goals of neutrino experiments is to determine the CP phase, and the presence of new physics can alter the scenario. We assume that the observed difference, if any, in the CP phase is due to the possible non-standard interactions. We derive the relevant coupling strengths using the results of NO$$\nu $$
ν
A and T2K and study their effects in the next generation of long-baseline experiments: T2HK and DUNE. Our analysis reveals a significant impact on the sensitivity of atmospheric mixing angle $$\theta _{23}$$

θ
23

in the normal and inverted orderings. Furthermore, we observe discernible differences in probabilities for both experiments when non-standard interaction from $$e-\mu $$

e
-
μ

and $$e-\tau $$

e
-
τ

sectors are included.
Higgs in a Box: Investigating the Nature of a Scientific Discovery
Authors: Woithe Julia , Boselli Margherita , Chatzidaki Panagiota , Dahlkemper Merten Nikolay , Duggan Ruadh , Durey Guillaume , Herff Niklas , Horvat Anja Kranjc , Molaro Daniele , Scheerer Gernot Werner , Schmeling Sascha , Thill Patrick Georges , Wiener Jeff , Zoechling Sarah 
Published: December 2022

The discovery of the Higgs boson by the ATLAS and CMS collaborations in 2012 concluded the longest search for a particle in the history of particle physics and was based on the largest and most complex physics experiments ever conducted, involving thousands of scientists and engineers from around the world. It provided crucial evidence for a theory developed in the 1960s that describes the existence of the invisible Brout–Englert–Higgs field and the effects of this field on the mass of elementary particles. After the discovery, the work on the theoretical prediction was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics 2013. This discovery provides a prime example of modern science in the making and a fantastic opportunity to discuss important aspects of Nature of Science (NoS) in the classroom. In this article, we draw connections between (a) milestones in the discovery of the Higgs boson, (b) important aspects of NoS, and (c) hands-on activities with mystery boxes, which are an effective tool to enable students to experience elements of scientific discovery and explicitly reflect on NoS. We hope that this supports educators in bringing lively discussions about modern physics research into their classrooms.
Targeting MET and FGFR in Relapsed or Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Preclinical and Clinical Findings, and Signal Transduction Correlates
Authors: Chen Evan C. , Gandler Helen , Tošić Isidora , Fell Geoffrey G. , Fiore Ashlee , Pozdnyakova Olga , DeAngelo Daniel J. , Galinsky Ilene , Luskin Marlise R. , Wadleigh Martha , Winer Eric S. , Leonard Rebecca , O'Day Kelsey , de Jonge Adrienne , Neuberg Donna , Look A. Thomas , Stone Richard M. , Frank David A. , Garcia Jacqueline S. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPurpose:Patients with relapsed/refractory (R/R) acute myeloid leukemia (AML) have poor outcomes and require new therapies. In AML, autocrine production of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) drives MET signaling that promotes myeloblast growth and survival, making MET an attractive therapeutic target. MET inhibition exhibits activity in AML preclinical studies, but HGF upregulation by the FGFR pathway is a common mechanism of resistance.Patients and Methods:We performed preclinical studies followed by a Phase I trial to investigate the safety and biological activity of the MET inhibitor merestinib in combination with the FGFR inhibitor LY2874455 for patients with R/R AML. Study Cohort 1 underwent a safety lead-in to determine a tolerable dose of single-agent merestinib. In Cohort 2, dose-escalation of merestinib and LY2874455 was performed following a 3+3 design. Correlative studies were conducted.Results:The primary dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) observed for merestinib alone or with LY2874455 was reversible grade 3 transaminase elevation, occurring in 2 of 16 patients. Eight patients had stable disease and one achieved complete remission (CR) without measurable residual disease. Although the MTD of combination therapy could not be determined due to drug supply discontinuation, single-agent merestinib administered at 80 mg daily was safe and biologically active. Correlative studies showed therapeutic plasma levels of merestinib, on-target attenuation of MET signaling in leukemic blood, and increased HGF expression in bone marrow aspirate samples of refractory disease.Conclusions:We provide prospective, preliminary evidence that MET and FGFR are biologically active and safely targetable pathways in AML.
Repurposing a Drug Targeting Inflammatory Bowel Disease for Lowering Hypertension
Authors: Mei Xue , Mell Blair , Manandhar Ishan , Aryal Sachin , Tummala Ramakumar , Kyoung Jun , Yang Tao , Joe Bina 
Published: December 2022

Background
The gut and gut microbiota, which were previously neglected in blood pressure regulation, are becoming increasingly recognized as factors contributing to hypertension. Diseases affecting the gut such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) present with aberrant energy metabolism of colonic epithelium and gut dysbiosis, both of which are also mechanisms contributing to hypertension. We reasoned that current measures to remedy deficits in colonic energy metabolism and dysbiosis in IBD could also ameliorate hypertension. Among them, 5‐aminosalicylic acid (5‐ASA; mesalamine) is a PPARγ (peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma) agonist. It attenuates IBD by a dual mechanism of selectively enhancing colonic epithelial cell energy metabolism and ameliorating gut dysbiosis.

Methods and Results

A total of 2 groups of 11‐ to 12‐week‐old male, hypertensive, Dahl salt‐sensitive (S) rats were gavaged with (n=10) or without (n=10) 5‐aminosalicylic acid (150 mg/kg) for 4 weeks. Rats receiving 5‐aminosalicylic acid treatment had a lower mean blood pressure than controls (145±3 mm Hg versus 153±4 mm Hg;
P
<0.0001). This reduction in blood pressure was accompanied by increased activity of PPARγ, increased expression of energy metabolism–related genes, and lowering of the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio in the colon, the reduction of which is a marker for the correction of gut dysbiosis. Furthermore, these data were consistent with the American Gut Project wherein the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio of non‐IBD (n=611) patients was significantly lower than patients with IBD (n=631).

Conclusions
5‐Aminosalicylic acid could be repurposed for hypertension by specifically enhancing the gut energy metabolism and correction of microbiota dysbiosis.
The Art of Thinking and the Reception of the Parva naturalia in a Fifteenth-Century Hebrew Source
Authors: Gentili Hanna 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This article offers an insight into Yoḥanan Alemanno’s study of the ‘art of thinking’ through his notes from Averroes’s commentaries on Posterior Analytics, De anima and Parva naturalia. This case study represents an important example of the 15th-century Jewish learning based on the Arabic-Hebrew philosophical tradition and shows the continuity between the Provençal world and the Italian Renaissance. The textual appendix included at the end of the article aims at showing how Alemanno selected portions of Averroes’s commentaries on logic and psychology that define the role of the faculty of imagination and the processes through which we acquire true knowledge.
James Crawford and the Australian Government
Authors: Campbell Bill , Ierino Stephanie 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This article by two international lawyers advising the Australian Government focuses on the cases before international courts and tribunals in which Professor Crawford appeared as counsel on behalf of the Australian Government including the Southern Bluefin Tuna Cases, the East Timor Case, the Whaling in the Antarctic Case and the Certain Documents and Data Case. The article also covers advice Professor Crawford provided to the Australian Government both in the course of those cases and on other matters such as compulsory pilotage in the Torres Strait. To paint the full picture, mention also is made of a limited number of matters earlier in his career in which he acted against Australia. The article illuminates Professor Crawford’s role as adviser, counsel and advocate for Australia across the full breadth of international law, from law of the sea and international environmental law, to the law on diplomatic protection and the law of treaties.
Clinical Impact of Prolonged Helicopter Emergency Travel Times in a Rural Trauma System
Authors: Rhodes Heather , Poulin Stephen R. , Pepe Antonio 
Published: December 2022

Background In the United States, healthcare organizations utilize helicopter emergency medical services (HEMS), which are well-established and integral to trauma and emergency medical transport. HEMS expedites critical resources to trauma patients at the initial scene of the accident, which typically falls outside of the effective service area of ground transportation. Methods This is a single-center study of trauma registry data, inclusive years July 1, 2016, to September 26, 2021. The inclusion criteria were all adult ICU patients (≥18 years) traveling by air. An initial bivariate analysis was used to describe differences in HEMS vs rendezvous (ground + HEMS) mode of arrival. A multivariate linear regression was calculated to predict elapsed transport times on predictor variables to determine the clinical impact of prolonged transport times. Results There were 242 patients identified in the analysis, with 87 (36%) traveling by HEMS and 155 (64%) traveling by rendezvous. A significant regression equation was found (F(29,198) = 2.39, P < .01), with an R2 of .26. As the transport time increased by 10.67 minutes, the shock index ratio (SIR) increased by one unit ( P = .04). Conversely, for each unit increase in Glasgow Coma Scores (GCS), flight time decreased by 1.03 minutes ( P < .01). Rendezvous transport times were on average eight minutes longer than HEMS alone ( P < .01). Conclusions Those with prolonged travel times were likely to travel by rendezvous with presentation of lower GCS and higher SIR upon arrival, despite equivocal injury patterns and severity. This research highlights the need for a helicopter auto-launch program to expedite helicopter travel times in distant locations to the only Level I trauma center in the region.
Effects of COVID-19 Pandemic on Investor Attention in Global Stock Markets: An Empirical Assessment
Authors: Goel Garima , Dash Saumya Ranjan , Debata Byomakesh 
Published: December 2022

Using the data from 50 global stock markets, this article examines the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on investor attention. Using Google search volume as a proxy for country-specific and worldwide investor attention, this article provides initial evidence on the relationship between the spread of the pandemic and investor attention. Our results suggest that the increasing number of daily deaths and confirmed cases significantly negatively impact investor attention. Results are robust to the country characteristics like the nature of the financial system, financial stability and investor attention risk pricing nature. Our results indicate a positive and significant impact of government responses for restoring investor attention in the market. JEL Codes: G10, G14, G15, C23
Teaching Unilateral Cleft lip Repair: Lessons from Simulation-Based Mining of Trainee Strengths and Performance Gaps
Authors: Stanek Krystof , Yao Caroline A. , Livingston Katie A. , Weinstock Peter H. , Rogers-Vizena Carolyn R. 
Published: December 2022

Objective To identify specific areas for improvement in cleft lip repair teaching. Design Secondary analysis of prospectively-collected, blinded data. Setting Three residency programs rotating at a single academic children's hospital. Participants Plastic surgery residents, and craniofacial/pediatric plastic surgery fellows. Main Outcome Measures Mean scores for each skill in an 18-item Unilateral Cleft Lip Repair competency assessment tool (UCLR) (1–3 scale for each item) were rank ordered. Correlation between level of training (PGY) and performance on steps of the procedure was examined using Pearson R. Results Simulation participants (n = 26) scored highest on skills in the “Marking“ subscale (2.38–2.63 mean score). Procedural steps that scored lowest were: closing the nasal floor (2.00), repairing oral mucosa (2.15) and avoiding over/under-dissection (2.19). Interestingly, none of these skills correlated with PGY, suggesting they do not improve with training. Conclusions These results suggest that marking cleft lip repair is taught well in our current teaching environment, while steps like closing the nasal floor and repairing the oral mucosa are taught less well. Improved teaching of these steps could be achieved with deliberate instruction, video, digital simulation, and high fidelity simulation.
Visual performance and impact of residual refractive errors with trifocal intraocular lenses of different aspheric design
Authors: Rementería-Capelo Laureano A , Contreras Inés , García-Pérez Jorge L , Blázquez Vanesa , Ruiz-Alcocer Javier 
Published: December 2022

Background To assess the visual quality and the tolerance to low refractive errors of two trifocal intraocular lenses (IOL) with different amounts of spherical aberration (SA). Methods The study included patients having bilateral implantation of the AcrySof® IQ PanOptixTM (aberration-correcting) or the RayOneTM (aberration-free) Trifocal IOL. Three months after the surgery patients underwent: monocular/binocular and uncorrected/corrected distance visual acuity (VA) and binocular defocus curves. Binocular contrast sensitivity (CSF) and subjective halo perception were assessed with the best distance correction (CDVA), with a positive defocus of + 0.50D and with a negative defocus of −0.50D. Patient's satisfaction was evaluated with the Catquest9-SF questionnaire. Results This study included 54 eyes (28 with PanOptix and 26 with RayOne) of 27 patients. Both groups achieved corrected/uncorrected and monocular/binocular distance VA values better than 0.0 logMAR (1.0 decimal) with no statistically significant differences between them (p > 0.05 for all cases). Defocus curves showed a VA of 0.1 logMAR or better between −2.5 and + 1.0D with no differences between groups (p > 0.05 at all distances). Overall CSF values remained stable under the induced residual refractions for both groups. The halo effect remained stable for the PanOptix group but increased with myopization in the RayOne group (p = 0.02). The questionnaire showed high rates of patient's satisfaction with no differences between groups. Conclusion Both lenses showed overall good visual outcomes and offered high rates of patient's satisfaction. Moreover, in normal patients with trifocal IOLs, the combination of residual refractive errors and certain amounts of SA may increase some visual disturbances.
Swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography automatic analysis of microvascular changes secondary to systemic hypertension
Authors: Remolí Sargues Lidia , Monferrer Adsuara Clara , Castro Navarro Verónica , Navarro Palop Catalina , Montero Hernández Javier , Cervera Taulet Enrique 
Published: December 2022

Introduction The aim of our study is to report swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA) quantitative parameters of retinal and choroidal microvasculature in patients with systemic hypertension (HTN) using a built-in software of SS-OCTA. Methods We performed a retrospective study. This study enrolled 93 eyes of 51 subjects with HTN and 71 eyes of 38 healthy subjects. OCTA quantitative parameters (vessel density (VD) and foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area of superficial capillary plexus (SCP), middle capillary plexus (MCP), deep capillary plexus (DCP), total capillary plexus (TCP) and choriocapillaris (CC)) of the OCTA cube of 4,5 mm × 4,5 mm were recorded. Results A decrease of parafoveal VD in CC, DCP and TCP were demonstrated between HTN group and control group ( p < 0,05). Conversely, no differences were demonstrated in parafoveal VD of SCP and MCP ( p > 0,05). Subgroup analysis revealed a diminution of central VD at SCP, DCP and TCP in patients taking one antihypertensive drug compared to patients treated with two medications ( p < 0,05). Correlation analysis showed a significant, albeit weak, negative correlation between HTN duration, and parafoveal VD in the SCP and FAZ area at SCP, DCP and TCP ( p < 0,05 and r < 0,300). Conclusion When normative data are available, OCTA might be used as a potential tool in the prevention and follow-up of end-organ damage secondary to HTN. Nonetheless, further studies are needed to confirm this hypothesis.