bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Jacobson property in rings and Banach algebras
Authors: Swartz A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn a Banach algebra A it is well known that the usual spectrum has the following property: $$\begin{aligned} \sigma (ab) \setminus \{0\} = \sigma (ba) \setminus \{0\} \end{aligned}$$

σ
(
a
b
)
\
{
0
}
=
σ
(
b
a
)
\
{
0
}

for elements $$a, b \in A$$

a
,
b
∈
A

. In this note we are interested in subsets of A that have the Jacobson Property, i.e. $$X \subset A$$

X
⊂
A

such that for $$a, b \in A$$

a
,
b
∈
A

: $$\begin{aligned} 1 - ab \in X \implies 1 - ba \in X. \end{aligned}$$

1
-
a
b
∈
X
⇒
1
-
b
a
∈
X
.

We are interested in sets with this property in the more general setting of a ring. We also look at the consequences of ideals having this property. We show that there are rings for which the Jacobson radical has this property.
Development of an Affordable ELISA Targeting the SARS-CoV-2 Nucleocapsid and Its Application to Samples from the Ongoing COVID-19 Epidemic in Ghana
Authors: Tapela Kesego , Opurum Precious C. , Nuokpem Franklin Y. , Tetteh Becky , Siaw Godfred K. , Humbert Maria V. , Tawiah-Eshun Sylvia , Barakisu Anna Ibrahim , Asiedu Kwame , Arhin Samuel Kojo , Manu Aaron A. , Appiedu-Addo Sekyibea N. A. , Obbeng Louisa , Quansah Darius , Languon Sylvester , Anyigba Claudia , Dosoo Daniel , Edu Nelson K. O. , Oduro-Mensah Daniel , Ampofo William , Tagoe Emmanuel , Quaye Osbourne , Donkor Irene Owusu , Akorli Jewelna , Aniweh Yaw , Christodoulides Myron , Mutungi Joe , Bediako Yaw , Rayner Julian C , Awandare Gordon A , McCormick Christopher J. , Quashie Peter Kojo 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Introduction
The true nature of the population spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in populations is often not fully known as most cases, particularly in Africa, are asymptomatic. Finding the true magnitude of SARS-CoV-2 spread is crucial to provide actionable data about the epidemiological progress of the disease for researchers and policymakers. This study developed and optimized an antibody enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using recombinant nucleocapsid antigen expressed in-house using a simple bacterial expression system.

Methods
Nucleocapsid protein from SARS-CoV-2 was expressed and purified from Escherichia coli. Plasma samples used for the assay development were obtained from Ghanaian SARS-CoV-2 seropositive individuals during the pandemic, while seronegative controls were plasma samples collected from blood donors before the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Another set of seronegative controls was collected during the COVID-19 pandemic. Antibody detection and levels within the samples were validated using commercial kits and Luminex. Analyses were performed using GraphPad Prism, and the sensitivity, specificity and background cut-off were calculated.

Results and Discussion
This low-cost ELISA (£0.96/test) assay has a high prediction of 98.9%, and sensitivity and specificity of 97% and 99%, respectively. The assay was subsequently used to screen plasma from SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR-positive Ghanaians. The assay showed no significant difference in nucleocapsid antibody levels between symptomatic and asymptomatic, with an increase of the levels over time. This is in line with our previous publication.

Conclusion
This study developed a low-cost and transferable assay that enables highly sensitive and specific detection of human anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies. This assay can be modified to include additional antigens and used for continuous monitoring of sero-exposure to SARS-CoV-2 in West Africa.
Illness Management and Recovery (IMR): Implementation in an Italian Department of Mental Health and Pathological Addictions
Authors: Ferrara Maria , Salmaso Nicolò , Basaldella Marta , Macis Giulia , Sorio Cristina , Benini Lorenzo , Callegari Vincenzo , Grassi Luigi , Landi Nico , Carozza Paola 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIllness Management and Recovery (IMR) is a manualized psychosocial intervention developed to guide patients towards their recovery. This study presents the implementation of IMR within the Integrated Department of Mental Health and Pathological Addictions in Ferrara, Italy. IMR was provided from April 2017 to July 2021 by trained professionals, who recruited psychiatric outpatients with different diagnoses, in a stable phase of the illness and motivated to engage in the program. The modules and sessions were tailored according to the specificity of the patients (e.g., diagnoses, age) and the services providing it. The characteristics of the patients and the services who adopted IMR were extracted from electronic health records, and by a summary form filled out by providers. The IMR scale (IMRS) was completed at the end of the intervention. A total of 126 patients completed the IMR intervention: they were mainly men (61.1%), with a mean age of 40.1 (12.9) years old, significantly heterogeneous for psychiatric diagnosis and duration of illness (p < .001). IMR was provided mainly in a group format (82.5%) at the community mental health (54.8%) and addiction (41.2%) services. A wide variability was observed in terms of number [1–10/person] and type of module administered, average duration of the intervention/user (9.6, [2–38 months]) and number of sessions/user (21.4 [1–70]). IMRS showed a high correlation between patient and provider (Pearson, p = .001). This study showed the feasibility of the implementation of the IMR intervention within an entire department, with a great variability in terms of patients’ clinical characteristics, number, and type of IMR module received. Future research should include a standardized measurement of outcomes to tailor the intervention.
Optimization of desert lake information extraction from remote sensing images using cellular automata
Authors: Chen Qiuji , Cao Yanan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDesert lakes are important wetland resources in the blown-sand area of western China and play a significant role in maintaining the regional ecological environment. However, large-scale coal mining in recent years has considerably impacted the deposition condition of several lakes. Rapid and accurate extraction of lake information based on satellite images is crucial for developing protective measures against desertification. However, the spatial resolution of these images often leads to mixed pixels near water boundaries, affecting extraction precision. Traditional pixel unmixing methods mainly obtain water coverage information in a mixed pixel, making it difficult to accurately describe the spatial distribution. In this paper, the cellular automata (CA) model was adopted in order to realize lake information extraction at a sub-pixel level. A mining area in Shenmu City, Shaanxi Province, China is selected as the research region, using the image of Sentinel-2 as the data source and the high spatial resolution UAV image as the reference. First, water coverage of mixed pixels in the Sentinel-2 image was calculated with the dimidiate pixel model and the fully constrained least squares (FCLS) method. Second, the mixed pixels were subdivided to form the cellular space at a sub-pixel level and the transition rules are constructed based on the water coverage information and spatial correlation. Lastly, the process was implemented using Python and IDL, with the ArcGIS and ENVI software being used for validation. The experiments show that the CA model can improve the sub-pixel positioning accuracy for lake bodies in mixed pixel image and improve classification accuracy. The FCLS-CA model has a higher accuracy and is able to identify most water bodies in the study area, and is therefore suitable for desert lake monitoring in mining areas.
Dual-process moral judgment beyond fast and slow
Authors: Greene Joshua D. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
De Neys makes a compelling case that the sacrificial moral dilemmas do not elicit competing “fast and slow” processes. But are there even two processes? Or just two intuitions? There remains strong evidence, most notably from lesion studies, that sacrificial dilemmas engage distinct cognitive processes generating conflicting emotional and rational responses. The dual-process theory gets much right, but needs revision.
Further advancing fast-and-slow theorizing
Authors: De Neys Wim 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The 34 commentaries on the target article span a broad range of interesting issues. I have organized my reply around five major themes that seemed to emerge: Remarks about the generalizability of the empirical findings, links with other models, necessary extensions, the utility of dual-process models, and more specific points. This allows me to clarify possible misconceptions and identify avenues for further advancement.
Assessment of the E3C corpus for the recognition of disorders in clinical texts
Authors: Zanoli Roberto , Lavelli Alberto , Verdi do Amarante Daniel , Toti Daniele 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDisorder named entity recognition (DNER) is a fundamental task of biomedical natural language processing, which has attracted plenty of attention. This task consists in extracting named entities of disorders such as diseases, symptoms, and pathological functions from unstructured text. The European Clinical Case Corpus (E3C) is a freely available multilingual corpus (English, French, Italian, Spanish, and Basque) of semantically annotated clinical case texts. The entities of type disorder in the clinical cases are annotated at both mention and concept level. At mention -level, the annotation identifies the entity text spans, for example, abdominal pain. At concept level, the entity text spans are associated with their concept identifiers in Unified Medical Language System, for example, C0000737. This corpus can be exploited as a benchmark for training and assessing information extraction systems. Within the context of the present work, multiple experiments have been conducted in order to test the appropriateness of the mention-level annotation of the E3C corpus for training DNER models. In these experiments, traditional machine learning models like conditional random fields and more recent multilingual pre-trained models based on deep learning were compared with standard baselines. With regard to the multilingual pre-trained models, they were fine-tuned (i) on each language of the corpus to test per-language performance, (ii) on all languages to test multilingual learning, and (iii) on all languages except the target language to test cross-lingual transfer learning. Results show the appropriateness of the E3C corpus for training a system capable of mining disorder entities from clinical case texts. Researchers can use these results as the baselines for this corpus to compare their own models. The implemented models have been made available through the European Language Grid platform for quick and easy access.
Remedying the environmental impacts of war: Challenges and perspectives for full reparation
Authors: Kong Lingjie , Zhao Yuqing 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWhile the law of State responsibility, particularly the principle of full reparation, provides general guidance for achieving full reparation, it is not quite obvious what kinds of reparation qualify as “full” and how to actualize full reparation. This article centres on the principles, approaches and methods surrounding full reparation for armed conflict-related environmental damage in the law of State responsibility. It examines how the environment is legally defined as an object of protection under international law, and discusses practical challenges in international compensation for wartime environmental damage. In doing so, it ascertains the underlying objective of full reparation, develops an approach to assessing wartime environmental damage, and draws on experiences of international jurisprudence to quantify compensation for wartime environmental damage.
Lysine butyrylation of HSP90 regulated by KAT8 and HDAC11 confers chemoresistance
Authors: He Yan , Zheng Can-Can , Yang Jing , Li Shu-Jun , Xu Tao-Yang , Wei Xian , Chen Wen-You , Jiang Zhi-Li , Xu Jiao-Jiao , Zhang Guo-Geng , Cheng Chao , Chen Kui-Sheng , Shi Xing-Yuan , Qin Da-Jiang , Liu Jin-Bao , Li Bin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPosttranslational modification dramatically enhances protein complexity, but the function and precise mechanism of novel lysine acylation modifications remain unknown. Chemoresistance remains a daunting challenge to successful treatment. We found that lysine butyrylation (Kbu) is specifically upregulated in chemoresistant tumor cells and tissues. By integrating butyrylome profiling and gain/loss-of-function experiments, lysine 754 in HSP90 (HSP90 K754) was identified as a substrate for Kbu. Kbu modification leads to overexpression of HSP90 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and its further increase in relapse samples. Upregulation of HSP90 contributes to 5-FU resistance and can predict poor prognosis in cancer patients. Mechanistically, HSP90 K754 is regulated by the cooperation of KAT8 and HDAC11 as the writer and eraser, respectively; SDCBP increases the Kbu level and stability of HSP90 by binding competitively to HDAC11. Furthermore, SDCBP blockade with the lead compound V020-9974 can target HSP90 K754 to overcome 5-FU resistance, constituting a potential therapeutic strategy.
Inceptor as a regulator of brain insulin sensitivity
Authors: Post Lisa A. , Kulas Joshua A. , Milstein Joshua L. , Sebastian Sarah V. L. , Hosseini-Barkooie Seyyedmohsen , Stevenson Max E. , Bloom George S. , Ferris Heather A. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
While historically viewed as an insulin insensitive organ, it is now accepted that insulin has a role in brain physiology. Changes in brain insulin and IGF1 signaling have been associated with neurological diseases, however the molecular factors regulating brain insulin sensitivity remain uncertain. In this study, we proposed that a recently described protein, termed Inceptor, may play a role in brain insulin and IGF1 resistance. We studied Inceptor in healthy and diseased nervous tissue to understand the distribution of the protein and examine how it may change in states of insulin resistance. We found that Inceptor is in fact present in cerebellum, hippocampus, hypothalamus, and cortex of the brain in neurons, with higher levels in cortex of female compared to male mice. We also confirmed that Inceptor colocalized with IR and IGF1R in brain. We saw little difference in insulin receptor signaling following Inceptor knockdown in neuron cultures, or in Inceptor levels with high-fat diet in mouse or Alzheimer’s disease in mouse or human tissue. These results all provide significant advancements to our understanding of Inceptor in the brain.

Protocol registration
The Stage 1 registered report manuscript was accepted-in-principle on 9 August 2022. This manuscript was registered through Open Science Forum (OSF) on 24 August 2022 and is available here: https://osf.io/9q8sw.
Robust critical limb ischemia porcine model involving skeletal muscle necrosis
Authors: El Masry Mohamed S. , Gnyawali Surya C. , Sen Chandan K. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis work sought to develop a robust and clinically relevant swine model of critical limb ischemia (CLI) involving the onset of ischemic muscle necrosis. CLI carries about 25–40% risk of major amputation with 20% annual mortality. Currently, there is no specific treatment that targets the ischemic myopathy characteristic of CLI. Current swine models of CLI, with tolerable side-effects, fail to achieve sustained ischemia followed by a necrotic myopathic endpoint. Such limitation in experimental model hinders development of effective interventions. CLI was induced unilaterally by ligation-excision of one inch of the common femoral artery (CFA) via infra-inguinal minimal incision in female Yorkshire pigs (n = 5). X-ray arteriography was done pre- and post-CFA transection to validate successful induction of severe ischemia. Weekly assessment of the sequalae of ischemia on limb perfusion, and degree of ischemic myopathy was conducted for 1 month using X-ray arteriography, laser speckle imaging, CTA angiography, femoral artery duplex, high resolution ultrasound and histopathological analysis. The non-invasive tissue analysis of the elastography images showed specific and characteristic pattern of increased muscle stiffness indicative of the fibrotic and necrotic outcome expected with associated total muscle ischemia. The prominent onset of skeletal muscle necrosis was evident upon direct inspection of the affected tissues. Ischemic myopathic changes associated with inflammatory infiltrates and deficient blood vessels were objectively validated. A translational model of severe hindlimb ischemia causing ischemic myopathy was successfully established adopting an approach that enables long-term survival studies in compliance with regulatory requirements pertaining to animal welfare.
MarketTrust: blockchain-based trust evaluation model for SIoT-based smart marketplaces
Authors: Latif Rabia , Yakubu Bello Musa , Saba Tanzila 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDue to the significance of trust in Social Internet of Things (SIoT)-based smart marketplaces, several research have focused on trust-related challenges. Trust is necessary for a smooth connection, secure systems, and dependable services during trade operations. Recent SIoT-based trust assessment approaches attempt to solve smart marketplace trust evaluation difficulties by using a variety of direct and indirect trust evaluation techniques and other local trust rating procedures. Nevertheless, these methodologies render trust assessment very sensitive to seller dishonesty, and a dishonest seller may influence local trust scores and at the same time pose a significant trust related threats in the system. In this article, a MarketTrust model is introduced, which is a blockchain-based method for assessing trust in an IoT-based smart marketplace. It has three parts: familiarity, personal interactions, and public perception. A conceptual model, assessment technique, and a global trust evaluation system for merging the three components of a trust value are presented and discussed. Several experiments were conducted to assess the model's security, viability, and efficacy. According to results, the MarketTrust model scored a 21.99% higher trust score and a 47.698% lower average latency than both benchmark models. Therefore, this illustrates that using the proposed framework, a potential buyer can efficiently choose a competent and trustworthy resource seller in a smart marketplace and significantly reduce malicious behavior.
Saccadic eye movement speed is related to variations in phantom array effect visibility
Authors: Kang Hyeran , Lee Chan-Su , Kim Jun-Gi , Pak Hyensou 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe phantom array effect is one of the temporal light artefacts that can decrease performance and increase fatigue. The phantom array effect visibility shows large individual differences; however, the dominant factors that can explain these individual differences remain unclear. We investigated the relationship between saccadic eye movement speed and phantom array visibility at two different angles and four different directions of saccadic eye movement. The peak speed of saccadic eye movement and the phantom array effect visibility were measured at different modulation frequencies of the light source. Our results show that phantom array visibility increased as eye movement speed increased; the phantom array visibility was higher at a wide viewing angle with fast eye movement speed than at a narrow viewing angle. Moreover, when clustered into subgroups according to individual eye movement speed, the mean speed of the saccadic eye movement of each subgroup is related to the variations in the visibility of the phantom array effect of the subgroup. Therefore, saccadic eye movement speed is related to variations in phantom array effect visibility.
Calretinin-expressing islet cells are a source of pre- and post-synaptic inhibition of non-peptidergic nociceptor input to the mouse spinal cord
Authors: Davis Olivia C. , Dickie Allen C. , Mustapa Marami B. , Boyle Kieran A. , Browne Tyler J. , Gradwell Mark A. , Smith Kelly M. , Polgár Erika , Bell Andrew M. , Kókai Éva , Watanabe Masahiko , Wildner Hendrik , Zeilhofer Hanns Ulrich , Ginty David D. , Callister Robert J. , Graham Brett A. , Todd Andrew J. , Hughes David I. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractUnmyelinated non-peptidergic nociceptors (NP afferents) arborise in lamina II of the spinal cord and receive GABAergic axoaxonic synapses, which mediate presynaptic inhibition. However, until now the source of this axoaxonic synaptic input was not known. Here we provide evidence that it originates from a population of inhibitory calretinin-expressing interneurons (iCRs), which correspond to lamina II islet cells. The NP afferents can be assigned to 3 functionally distinct classes (NP1–3). NP1 afferents have been implicated in pathological pain states, while NP2 and NP3 afferents also function as pruritoceptors. Our findings suggest that all 3 of these afferent types innervate iCRs and receive axoaxonic synapses from them, providing feedback inhibition of NP input. The iCRs also form axodendritic synapses, and their targets include cells that are themselves innervated by the NP afferents, thus allowing for feedforward inhibition. The iCRs are therefore ideally placed to control the input from non-peptidergic nociceptors and pruritoceptors to other dorsal horn neurons, and thus represent a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of chronic pain and itch.
Investigating the relationship between periodontitis and specific memory processes in the search for cognitive markers of Alzheimer’s disease risk
Authors: Wereszczyński Michał , Śmigiel Aleksandra , Tomaszewska Iwona , Niedźwieńska Agnieszka 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe spontaneous retrieval deficit (SRD) hypothesis argues that individuals in the preclinical stages of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are particularly impaired in spontaneous retrieval, which manifests in reduced mind-wandering. Our main purpose was to provide novel evidence to support the SRD hypothesis by investigating, for the first time, the relationship between mind-wandering and periodontitis, the latter being the risk factor for AD. The second objective was to address the lack of deeper understanding of the relationship between oral health and specific cognitive abilities by investigating whether periodontitis would be primarily associated with memory. Sixty community-dwelling dementia-free older adults completed neuropsychological tests that focused on various cognitive abilities and a computerised task, during which mind-wandering was evaluated. Periodontal health was assessed subjectively, and through an oral examination by a qualified dentist that focused on visible periodontitis-related changes in gingival tissues and the number of periodontitis bacteria. In line with our predictions, objective and subjective symptoms of poorer periodontal health were associated with less mind-wandering, providing further support for the SRD hypothesis. Again in line with predictions, poorer periodontal health was associated with worse episodic memory, with no relationship between periodontitis and the measure targeting various cognitive abilities, from which memory was excluded.