bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implementation of an Industrial Automation Remote Lab (IARL) and validation using a deep learning approach during the COVID pandemic
Authors: Sekaran Julius Fusic , Hildas Ramesh 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to demonstrate a novel remote lab development for improving student psychomotor skills in the Industry 4.0 course. In this work, the vision and Internet of Things‐based lab setup for third‐year undergraduates is proposed as Industrial Automation Remote Lab (IARL). The major motivation of this novel approach is to replicate Industry 4.0 in the laboratory for learning purposes to undergraduate students during pandemic condition. In industries, it is essential to collect all the data from the machines to make optimal use of resources and increase the efficiency of the system. The stored data are interfaced through the user datagram protocol to control the speed of the hydraulic actuator. In the proposed experimental work, a vision sensor‐based anydesk remote control software technique is employed to conduct programmable logic circuit (PLC) experiments. To collect the various output image data sets, numerous PLC experiments were conducted. The collection of images is classified to investigate the student performance using deep learning algorithms like YOLOv4, VGG, and YOLOv5. Based on the simulation and validation results, the IARL‐based approach with YOLOv5 outperforms the other two algorithms with 98% accuracy. Additionally, the validated statistical internal and external results show that the remote laboratory Conceive, Design, Implement, and Operate (CDIO) batch performance is highly improved over virtual laboratory CDIO batch students.
NAC1 confines virus‐specific memory formation of CD4+ T cells through the ROCK1‐mediated pathway
Authors: Wang Liqing , Peng Hao‐Yun , Kishore Das Jugal , Kumar Anil , Ren Yijie , Ballard Darby J. , Xiong Xiaofang , Yang Wen , Ren Xingcong , de Figueiredo Paul , Yang Jin‐Ming , Song Jianxun 
Published: July 2023

AbstractNucleus accumbens‐associated protein 1 (NAC1), a transcriptional cofactor, has been found to play important roles in regulating regulatory T cells, CD8+ T cells, and antitumor immunity, but little is known about its effects on T‐cell memory. In this study, we found that NAC1 expression restricts memory formation of CD4+ T cells during viral infection. Analysis of CD4+ T cells from wild‐type (WT) and NAC1‐deficient (−/−) mice showed that NAC1 is essential for T‐cell metabolism, including glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation, and supports CD4+ T‐cell survival in vitro. We further demonstrated that a deficiency of NAC1 downregulates glycolysis and correlates with the AMPK‐mTOR pathway and causes autophagy defective in CD4+ T cells. Loss of NAC1 reduced the expression of ROCK1 and the phosphorylation and stabilization of BECLIN1. However, a forced expression of ROCK1 in NAC1−/− CD4+ T cells restored autophagy and the activity of the AMPK‐mTOR pathway. In animal experiments, adoptively transferred NAC1−/− CD4+ T cells or NAC1−/− mice challenged with VACV showed enhanced formation of VACV‐specific CD4+ memory T cells compared to adoptively transferred WT CD4+ T cells or WT mice. This memory T‐cell formation enhancement was abrogated by forcing expression of ROCK1. Our study reveals a novel role for NAC1 as a suppressor of CD4+ T‐cell memory formation and suggests that targeting NAC1 could be a new approach to promoting memory CD4+ T‐cell development, which is critical for an effective immune response against pathogens.
A Mucin‐Based Bio‐Ink for 3D Printing of Objects with Anti‐Biofouling Properties
Authors: Rickert Carolin A. , Mansi Salma , Fan Di , Mela Petra , Lieleg Oliver 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWith its potential to revolutionize the field of personalized medicine by producing customized medical devices and constructs for tissue engineering at low costs, 3D printing has emerged as a highly promising technology. Recent advancements have sparked increasing interest in the printing of biopolymeric hydrogels. However, owing to the limited printability of those soft materials, the lack of variability in available bio‐inks remains a major challenge. In this study, a novel bio‐ink is developed based on functionalized mucin—a glycoprotein that exhibits a multitude of biomedically interesting properties such as immunomodulating activity and strong anti‐biofouling behavior. To achieve sufficient printability of the mucin‐based ink, its rheological properties are tuned by incorporating Laponite XLG as a stabilizing agent. It is shown that cured objects generated from this novel bio‐ink exhibit mechanical properties partially similar to that of soft tissue, show strong anti‐biofouling properties, good biocompatibility, tunable cell adhesion, and immunomodulating behavior. The presented findings suggest that this 3D printable bio‐ink has a great potential for a wide range of biomedical applications, including tissue engineering, wound healing, and soft robotics.
A millimeter‐wave broadband power amplifier with a tree‐like transistor structure using 0.15‐μm GaAs technology
Authors: Guo Letian , Huang Wenhua , Wang Yujia , Wu Tianxiang , Ma Shunli , Ren Junyan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn this paper, a millimeter‐wave broadband high‐efficiency power amplifier (PA) for Ka‐band (26–32 GHz) using 0.15‐μm GaAs pseudomorphic high‐electron‐mobility transistor process is proposed. The PA utilizes a three‐stage cascade structure and adopts an RC series feedback network, which expands the bandwidth and ensures the circuit stability. To improve the output power and efficiency of the circuit, a tree‐like transistor structure is proposed. The power amplifier, it can provide 23.6 dBm output P1dB with 33.1% power‐added efficiency at 28 GHz with high linearity. The maximum small signal gain can reach 27 dB with 3‐dB bandwidth from 24 to 33 GHz for the measured results.
Synthesis and Crystal Structures of Three Thioether Functionalized Lithium Silylamides
Authors: Liebing Phil , Schatz Philipp , Merzweiler Kurt 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA series of three lithium silylamides Li2Me2Si(NC6H4‐2‐SR)2 (R=Me, Ph, tBu) were prepared from the reaction of the corresponding silylamines Me2Si(NH‐C6H4‐2‐SR)2 with n‐butyl lithium. X‐ray single crystal structure analyses revealed the formation of dimers [Li4{Me2Si(NC6H4‐2‐SR)2}2] with Si2N4Li4 hetero‐adamantane cores. Recrystallisation of [Li4{Me2Si(NC6H4‐2‐SMe)2}2] and [Li4{Me2Si(NC6H4‐2‐SPh)2}2] from diethyl ether led to the formation of the adducts [Li4(Et2O)2{Me2Si(NC6H4‐2‐SMe)2}2] and [Li4(Et2O){Me2Si(NC6H4‐2‐SPh)2}2]. In the case of the SMe derivative the addition of two diethyl ether molecules led to a rearrangement of the Si2N4Li4 core to give a double decker structure and in contrast the hetero adamantane structure is retained in the diethyl ether adduct of the SPh derivative.
Slow Down, Move Over: A Case Study in Formal Verification, Refinement, and Testing of the Responsibility-Sensitive Safety Model for Self-Driving Cars
Authors: Strauss Megan , Mitsch Stefan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTechnology advances give us the hope of driving without human error, reducing vehicle emissions and simplifying an everyday task with the future of self-driving cars. Making sure these vehicles are safe is very important to the continuation of this field. In this paper, we formalize the Responsibility-Sensitive Safety model (RSS) for self-driving cars and prove the safety and optimality of this model in the longitudinal direction. We utilize the hybrid systems theorem prover KeYmaera X to formalize RSS as a hybrid system with its nondeterministic control choices and continuous motion model, and prove absence of collisions. We then illustrate the practicality of RSS through refinement proofs that turn the verified nondeterministic control envelopes into deterministic ones and further verified compilation to Python. The refinement and compilation are safety-preserving; as a result, safety proofs of the formal model transfer to the compiled code, while counterexamples discovered in testing the code of an unverified model transfer back. The resulting Python code allows to test the behavior of cars following the motion model of RSS in simulation, to measure agreement between the model and simulation with monitors that are derived from the formal model, and to report counterexamples from simulation back to the formal model.
A test instance generator for multiobjective mixed-integer optimization
Authors: Eichfelder Gabriele , Gerlach Tobias , Warnow Leo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractApplication problems can often not be solved adequately by numerical algorithms as several difficulties might arise at the same time. When developing and improving algorithms which hopefully allow to handle those difficulties in the future, good test instances are required. These can then be used to detect the strengths and weaknesses of different algorithmic approaches. In this paper we present a generator for test instances to evaluate solvers for multiobjective mixed-integer linear and nonlinear optimization problems. Based on test instances for purely continuous and purely integer problems with known efficient solutions and known nondominated points, suitable multiobjective mixed-integer test instances can be generated. The special structure allows to construct instances scalable in the number of variables and objective functions. Moreover, it allows to control the resulting efficient and nondominated sets as well as the number of efficient integer assignments.
Water speciation and hydrogen isotopes in hydrous stishovite: implications for the deep Earth water cycle
Authors: Kueter Nico , Brugman Kara , Miozzi Francesca , Cody George D. , Yang Jing , Strobel Timothy A. , Walter Michael J. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractStishovite is a key mineral for understanding the deep Earth water cycle because of its potential as a main carrier for water into the transition zone and lower mantle. During subduction-related metamorphism of basaltic oceanic crust, stishovite stabilizes at 8–9 GPa and comprises 10–25 vol% of the bulk mineralogy, with some experimental studies indicating that stishovite can accommodate 3.5 wt% H2O or more in the transition zone and upper lower mantle. This large water solubility has been explained by a hydrogarnet substitution mechanism (1Si4+ ↔ 4H+) and/or the incorporation of interstitial molecular water. To investigate water speciation and hydrogen isotope behavior, we synthesized partially deuterated hydrous stishovite at 9 GPa and 450 °C in a multi-anvil press (MA). The hydrous stishovite contains on average 1.69 ± 0.05 wt% water, which is consistent with earlier MA studies but is significantly lower than the 3.5 wt% reported from in situ diamond anvil cell (DAC) studies made at higher pressures and temperatures. 1H MAS NMR spinning sideband characteristics suggest a high abundance of interstitial molecular water in hydrous stishovite, while the presence of a hydrogarnet defect cannot be ruled out. Unit-cell volumes and deuterium enrichment in the quenched hydrous stishovite indicate that ~ 45% of the water is lost from the stishovite upon quenching and decompression of the experiment, consistent with a higher solubility. This implies that the pristine water contents of a P–T–fO2 equilibrated hydrous stishovite cannot be quenched to 1 atm and room temperature from classical MA experiments. We further present a capillary-based recovery method for fluid from experimental capsules, allowing direct determination of the D/H ratio of the experimental fluid and indirect determination of the hydrous stishovite. Using Rayleigh modeling to account for the quench-related water loss, we find that, at 450 °C and 9 GPa, deuterium is 3.5–4.5 times enriched in hydrous stishovite relative to coexisting aqueous fluid. This is opposite of what is commonly observed for mineral–fluid pairs above 300 °C, rendering hydrous stishovite a potential sink for deuterium and decreasing the D/H ratio of coexisting aqueous fluids. Partial decomposition (30–60%) of hydrous stishovite during mantle upwelling and production of primary basaltic melts could be accompanied by high-temperature D/H fractionation, decreasing the hydrogen isotope composition of such melts towards “mantle-like” δD values between −75 and −220‰.
Feasibility of detecting atrophy relevant for disability and cognition in multiple sclerosis using 3D-FLAIR
Authors: Noteboom Samantha , van Nederpelt D. R. , Bajrami A. , Moraal B. , Caan M. W. A. , Barkhof F. , Calabrese M. , Vrenken H. , Strijbis E. M. M. , Steenwijk M. D. , Schoonheim M. M. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background and objectives
Disability and cognitive impairment are known to be related to brain atrophy in multiple sclerosis (MS), but 3D-T1 imaging required for brain volumetrics is often unavailable in clinical protocols, unlike 3D-FLAIR. Here our aim was to investigate whether brain volumes derived from 3D-FLAIR images result in similar associations with disability and cognition in MS as do those derived from 3D-T1 images.

Methods
3T-MRI scans of 329 MS patients and 76 healthy controls were included in this cross-sectional study. Brain volumes were derived using FreeSurfer on 3D-T1 and compared with brain volumes derived with SynthSeg and SAMSEG on 3D-FLAIR. Relative agreement was evaluated by calculating the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of the 3D-T1 and 3D-FLAIR volumes. Consistency of relations with disability and average cognition was assessed using linear regression, while correcting for age and sex. The findings were corroborated in an independent validation cohort of 125 MS patients.

Results
The ICC between volume measured with FreeSurfer and those measured on 3D-FLAIR for brain, ventricle, cortex, total deep gray matter and thalamus was above 0.74 for SAMSEG and above 0.91 for SynthSeg. Worse disability and lower average cognition were similarly associated with brain (adj. R2 = 0.24–0.27, p < 0.01; adj. R2 = 0.26–0.29, p < 0.001) ventricle (adj. R2 = 0.27–0.28, p < 0.001; adj. R2 = 0.19–0.20, p < 0.001) and deep gray matter volumes (adj. R2 = 0.24–0.28, p < 0.001; adj. R2 = 0.27–0.28, p < 0.001) determined with all methods, except for cortical volumes derived from 3D-FLAIR.

Discussion
In this cross-sectional study, brain volumes derived from 3D-FLAIR and 3D-T1 show similar relationships to disability and cognitive dysfunction in MS, highlighting the potential of these techniques in clinical datasets.
eGFR slope as a surrogate endpoint for clinical study in early stage of chronic kidney disease: from The Japan Chronic Kidney Disease Database
Authors: Itano Seiji , Kanda Eiichiro , Nagasu Hajime , Nangaku Masaomi , Kashihara Naoki 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
In clinical trials targeting early chronic kidney disease (CKD), eGFR slope has been proposed as a surrogate endpoint for predicting end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). However, it is unclear whether the eGFR slope serves as a surrogate endpoint for predicting long-term prognosis in Japanese early CKD populations.

Methods
The data source was the J-CKD-Database, which contains real-world data on patients with CKD in Japan. eGFR slope was calculated from the eGFR of each period, 1-year (1-year slope), 2-year (2-year slope), and 3-year (3-year slope), for participants with a baseline eGFR ≥ 30 ml/min/1.73 m2. The outcome was ESKD (defined as dialysis initiation or incidence of CKD stage G5). The relationship between eGFR slope and the sub-distribution hazard ratio (SHR) of ESKD with death as a competing event was investigated using a Fine-Gray proportional hazard regression model.

Results
The number of participants and mean observation periods were 7768/877 ± 491 days for 1-year slope, 6778/706 ± 346 days for 2-year slope, and 5219/495 ± 215 days for 3-year slope. As the eGFR slope decreased, a tendency toward a lower risk of ESKD was observed. Compared with the 1-year slope, there was a smaller variation in the slope values for the 2-year or 3-year slope and a greater decrease in the SHR; therefore, a calculation period of 2 or 3 years for the eGFR slope was considered appropriate.

Conclusion
Even in Japanese patients with early stage CKD, a slower eGFR slope calculated from eGFR values over 2–3 years was associated with a decreased risk of ESKD.
Diagnosis and management of complicated urogenital schistosomiasis: a systematic review of the literature
Authors: Manciulli Tommaso , Marangoni Davide , Salas-Coronas Joaquin , Bocanegra Cristina , Richter Joachim , Gobbi Federico , Motta Leonardo , Minervini Andrea , Bartoloni Alessandro , Zammarchi Lorenzo ,   on behalf of TropNet Schisto Task Force
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundCurrently, there are no standardized guidelines for the diagnosis or management of the complications of urogenital schistosomiasis (UGS). This systematic review of the literature aims to investigate the state of the art in reference to diagnostic approaches and the clinical management of this condition.MethodsA systematic review of literature published between January 1990 and January 2021 was conducted in the MEDLINE database, scoping for articles regarding diagnostic means or therapeutic options for the complications of UGS, namely obstructive uropathy, bladder cancer, abortion, ectopic pregnancy, infertility, kidney failure, urolithiasis and the need for invasive procedures. Relevant data were then extracted from the articles deemed eligible according to the inclusion criteria.Main resultsIn total, 3052 articles were identified by the research query, of which 167 articles fulfilling inclusion criteria after title/abstract screening and full-text evaluation were included, 35% on both diagnostic and therapeutic aspects, and 51% on diagnosis and 14% on therapy. Ultrasound was the most frequently tool employed for the diagnosis of UGS complications showing a good performance. Concerning the management of hydronephrosis, the majority of available evidences came from community-based studies where universal treatment with praziquantel was used leading to decrease of prevalence of obstructive uropathy. Concerning studies on surgical procedures, laser endoureterotomy followed by stenting was mostly employed in adult patients leading to a crude cure rate of 60% (43 of 71 patients). In the case of severe hydronephrosis, surgery consisting of ureteral re-implantation showed excellent results with a crude cure rate of 98% (157 cured patients of 160 treated). Concerning bladder cancer, data on 93 patients with a clear diagnosis of UGS-related bladder were available reporting a variable and sometime combined approach based on disease stage. Available data on diagnosis and management of abortion, ectopic pregnancy, infertility, kidney failure, urolithiasis and the need for invasive procedures due to UGS are also presented.ConclusionsThe review produced a complete picture of the diagnostic and therapeutic options currently available for complicated UGS. These results can be useful both for guiding clinicians towards correct management and for tracing the direction of future research.
Technology overrule: pre-literate Akan orality and the musket
Authors: Wiredu Gamel O. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe history of the human–technology relation points to binary (positive and negative) evaluations of technology’s role. One reason for this binary is the limited view of technology in terms of physical and tangible devices. Another is an extreme global view of the relationship, which neglects global diversity. However, technology includes non-physical devices such as speech. Moreover, people hold different intellectual, historical and philological assumptions as the bases for their rule over technology. This article emphasizes the importance of language and global diversity as crucial dimensions of the human–technology relation. It is through language that humans are able to rule over technology, rather than being dominated by it. Taking language as a focal point, I expose the neglect of pre-literate orality as a way of engaging with technology and I espouse an orality perspective on our rule over technology. This perspective foregrounds human mindfulness as a basis for oral engagement with technology. It is developed based on analysis of historical data on oral language use by pre-literate Akan people of Ghana to rule over the musket. The article characterizes technology overrule according to a four-stage process: image recognition, technology reduction, technology reposition and image reproduction.
Early identification of autism spectrum disorder in children with CHD attending a Cardiac Developmental Outcomes Program
Authors: Serrano Faridis , Guffey Danielle , Shekerdemian Lara , Noll Lisa , Voigt Robert G. , Monteiro Sonia 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjective:To determine the prevalence and timing of autism spectrum disorder diagnosis in a cohort of congenital heart disease (CHD) patients receiving neurodevelopmental follow-up and identify associated risk factors.Method:Retrospective single-centre observational study of 361 children undergoing surgery for CHD during the first 6 months of life. Data abstracted included age at autism spectrum disorder diagnosis, child and maternal demographics, and medical history.Results:Autism spectrum disorder was present in 9.1% of children with CHD, with a median age at diagnosis of 34 months and 87.9% male. Prematurity, history of post-operative extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, and seizures were higher among those with autism (p = 0.013, p = 0.023, p = 0.001, respectively). Infants with autism spectrum disorder were older at the time of surgery (54 days vs 13.5 days, p = 0.002), and infants with surgery at ≥ 30 days of age had an increased risk of autism spectrum disorder (OR 2.31; 95% CI =1.12, 4.77, p = 0.023). On multivariate logistic regression analysis, being male (OR 4.85, p = 0.005), surgery ≥ 30 days (OR 2.46, p = 0.025), extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (OR 4.91, p = 0.024), and seizures (OR 4.32, p = 0.003) remained associated with increased odds for autism spectrum disorder. Maternal age, race, ethnicity, and surgical complexity were not associated.Conclusions:Children with CHD in our cohort had more than three times the risk of autism spectrum disorder and were diagnosed at a much earlier age compared to the general population. Several factors (male, surgery at ≥ 30 days, post-operative extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, and seizures) were associated with increased odds of autism. These findings support the importance of offering neurodevelopmental follow-up after cardiac surgery in infancy.
A Markov random field based method for removing invalid unwrapping phase points in 3D reconstruction
Authors: Gao Jinfeng , Wu Fengyuan , Cheng Cheng , Wu Chengbai , Zhou Yangfan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractFringe projection profilometry is widely used in 3D structured light due to its fast speed and accuracy. However, in the process of phase unwrapping, it is easy to cause invalid points in the edges and shadows of objects, which leads to error points in 3D reconstruction. To solve this problem, we propose an invalid points removal method based on Markov random fields. Specifically, the proposed method formulates unwrapped phase and mask maps as energy functions and uses iterative methods to minimize them. Furthermore, we validate the proposed method in a monocular structured light system and compare it with existing algorithms. Results show that the proposed method effectively identifies edges and shadows while preserving valid points, and has strong robustness and correctness.
Perspective on ‘Harm’ in Personalized Medicine
Authors: Sarvet Aaron L , Stensrud Mats J 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Avoiding harm is an uncontroversial aim of personalized medicine and other epidemiologic initiatives. However, the precise mathematical translation of “harm” is disputable. Here we use a formal causal language to study common, but distinct, definitions of “harm”. We clarify that commitment to a definition of harm has important practical and philosophical implications for decision making. We relate our practical and philosophical considerations to ideas from medical ethics and legal practice.