bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental and Computational studies on a cricket ball subjected to various seam angles
Authors: Natarajan Rajamurugu , Sambath Yaknesh 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Investigating the flow pattern over a cricket ball is always intriguing. A comparative study attempt is made in this work with computational work is validated through experimentation. The flow patterns are observed under the velocities of 11m/s, 18m/s, 21m/s, 25m/s, 30m/s and seam angles of 0°,30°,45°,60°& 90° in a subsonic wind tunnel. To study the effect of the seam on a cricket ball with various flow speeds. Both computational and experimentation on cricket ball with different seam angles and velocities were investigated. The results got by the computation has a good validation for the experimental work. The maximum reduction in total drag is found at a 30-degree seam angle and the maximum swing acquired is found at a velocity of 30m/s of the same angle. Through flow visualization, the observed flow patterns also conclude the same.
Fibrocyte: a missing piece in the pathogenesis of fibrous epulis
Authors: Zhu Yifei , Wan Meichen , Gao Peng , Shen Minjuan , Zhu Yina , Hao Jiaxin , Lu Weicheng , Wang Chenyu , Tay Franklin , Ehrlich Hermann , niu Lina , Jiao Kai 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Objective

To investigate the significant role of fibrocytes in pathogenesis of fibrous epulis.

Material

Human epulis specimens and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were used in this study.

Methods

Different subtypes of human fibrous epulides and normal gingival tissue specimens were collected for histological and immunofluorescence analyses. Electron microscopy and elemental analysis were used to characterize the extracellular microenvironment in different subtypes of fibrous epulides. Human PBMCs were subsequently isolated from peripheral blood to identify the factor that trigger fibrocyte differentiation in vitro.

Results

We demonstrated the presence of circulation-derived fibrocytes in fibrous epulides. These fibrocytes differentiate into myofibroblasts or osteoblasts under the local inflammatory environment in fibrous epulides. TGF-β1 promotes fibrocytes differentiation into myofibroblasts in a concentration-dependent manner. The TGF-β1 along with a high calcium and phosphorus extracellular environment stimulates the fibrocytes to differentiate into osteoblasts. The fibrocytes-derived myofibroblasts and osteoblasts are responsible for the fibrogenesis and osteogenesis of fibrous epulides, respectively. The persistent local inflammatory environment drived the differentiation of circulation-derived fibrocytes and drived the recurrence of fibrous epulides.

Conclusions

Fibrocytes play an important role in the fibrogenesis and osteogenesis in fibrous epulis, and might serve as a therapeutic target for the recurrence of fibrous epulides.
Tissue resident memory T cells are enriched and dysfunctional in effusion of patients with malignant tumor
Authors: Mao Xueying , Chen Yue , Lu Xiulian , Jin Shuiping , Jiang Piao , Deng Zhangfeng , Zhu Xiaoyun , Cai Qichun , Wu Changyou , Kang Shuangpeng 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Purpose

Most malignant effusion are secondary to metastases to the pleura or peritoneum and portend poor oncological outcomes. Malignant effusion have different tumor microenvironment from primary tumor, containing a variety of cytokines and immune cells and directly contacting with tumor cells. However, the characteristic of CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells in malignant effusion remains unclear.

Methods

Malignant effusion including peritoneal ascites and pleural fluid from thirty-five patients with malignant tumor were collected and compared with matched blood. A detailed characterization of CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells in malignant effusion were conducted using flow cytometry and multiple cytokines assay.

Results

The concentration of IL-6 in malignant effusion was significantly higher than in blood. A substantial portion of T cells in malignant effusion were CD69+ and/ or CD103+ Trm cells. Most CD4+T and CD8+T cells in malignant effusion were exhausted T cells which expressed lower levels of cytokines, cytotoxic molecules and markedly higher levels of inhibitory receptor PD-1 compared with in blood.

Conclusion

Our study is the first to identify the presence of Trm cells in malignant effusion and will lay the foundation for future research on anti-tumor immunity of Trm cells in malignant effusion.
Negative impact of the microvascular area to tumor area ratio on the response to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors in non-small cell lung cancer with EGFR mutation
Authors: Anai Moriyasu , Saruwatari Koichi , Imamura Kosuke , Fujino Kosuke , Jodai Takayuki , Sakata Shinya , Iyama Shinji , Tomita Yusuke , Saeki Sho , Ichiyasu Hidenori , Ikeda Koei , Suzuki Minoru , Sakagami Takuro 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Microvessel density plays an essential role in tumor development. However, whether a tumor microenvironment, abundant in microvessels, affects epidermal growth factor receptor–tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) efficacy in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and EGFR mutations remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the impact of tumor microvessels on EGFR-TKI efficacy in patients with NSCLC and EGFR mutations.
Methods
We retrospectively studied the data of 40 post-operative patients with recurrent NSCLC and EGFR mutations who received EGFR-TKIs as a first-line treatment at Kumamoto University Hospital between January 2010 and February 2021. Tumor sections were retrieved from the tissue registry and analyzed for CD34-positive microvessels using immunohistochemical techniques. The microvascular area ratio (MVR), which is the CD34-positive microvascular area compared to the total tumor area, was measured using StrataQuest. The predictive value of MVR on treatment outcome, assessed via progression-free survival (PFS), was evaluated using a multivariate Cox proportional hazard model.
Results
The median MVR and PFS values of EGFR-TKI were 0.058 (range, 0.013–0.094) and 610 d (range, 102–2807 d), respectively. The median PFS in the high MVR group (≥ 0.058) was significantly shorter than that in the low MVR group (< 0.058; 296 d [95% confidence interval [CI]: 217–374 d] vs. 918 d [95% CI: 279–1556 d], P = 0.002). Multivariate analysis revealed that high MVR was an independent negative predictor of PFS (hazard ratio, 3.21 [95% CI: 1.18–8.76], P = 0.022).
Conclusions
High MVR may critically affect EGFR-TKI resistance in patients with NSCLC and EGFR mutations.
Development of oral simulators with oral diseases and symptoms for nursing oral assessment education
Authors: Haresaku Satoru , Naito Toru , Miyoshi Maki , Aoki Hisae , Monji Mayumi , Nishida Ayako , Kono Yoshinori , Kayama Maiko , Umezaki Yojiro , Kubota Keiko 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of the newly developed oral simulators with oral diseases and symptoms for nursing students’ oral assessment education to promote their collaboration with oral healthcare professionals after qualification.
Methods: The participants were first-year students (n=105) at a nursing school in Japan. Ten oral simulators with angular cheilitis, missing teeth, dental caries, calculus, periodontitis, hypoglossal induration, food debris, and crust formation were created by a team of dentists. After a 45-minute lecture programme for oral assessment performance with the Oral Health Assessment Tool (OHAT), the ability test with the simulators and the OHAT and the test feedback were conducted in a 30-minute practical programme. To evaluate the effectiveness of the programmes, questionnaire surveys regarding confidence and perceptions of oral assessment performance and ability tests with slides of oral images were conducted at baseline and after the programmes. A Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare their baseline survey results with their postprogramme results.
Results: Ninety-nine students (94.3%) participated in this study. The results of the ability test with the simulators and the OHAT in the practical programme showed that the correct answer rates of assessing tongue, gingiva, present teeth, and oral pain were less than 40%. Their levels of confidence, perception, and ability of oral assessment performance were significantly higher after the programmes than they were at baseline (P<0.05). Their level of confidence in assessing the need for dental referral had the largest increase in scoring level from the lowest scoring level at baseline in the nine postprogramme assessment categories.
Conclusions: This study identified several problems with nursing students’ oral assessment skills and showed that oral assessment education with simulators might be effective in improvingtheir oral assessment confidence, perceptions, and performance.
ZWINT is a cancer prognosis and immune infiltration-related biomarker from pan-cancer analysis
Authors: wang shiqi , Ni Aijun , Chen Youhua , Sun Peili 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
ZWINT plays an important role in regulating the mitotic checkpoint and cell cycle, and is closely associated with tumor proliferation and migration. Recent studies have shown that high ZWINT expression is associated with poor prognosis in patients with lung adenocarcinoma(LUAD) and Glioblastoma (GBM). Previous analyses of ZWINT were limited to a certain type of cancer, but there has not been a systematic pan-cancer study of ZWINT. We used the TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) project and GTEx data (Genotype-Tissue Expression) to analyze ZWINT expression levels and the correlation with cancer survival prognosis. To understand the underlying biological mechanisms of ZWINT and its relevance to immune infiltration, we systematically analyzed ZWINT-associated genetic alterations, immune infiltration and gene enrichment analysis with different bioinformatics methods. Our study showed that ZWINT mRNA expression was elevated in most human tumors and was significantly increased in the early stages of cancer compared to ZWINT expression in normal tissues.ZWINT high expression is significantly correlated with poor prognosis in most tumors. ZWINT is extensively involved in immune infiltration of tumors. Single cell sequencing data showed that ZWINT was significantly associated with cell cycle, DNA repair, DNA damage, and proliferation. Thus, ZWINT expression correlates with prognosis and immune infiltration in tumor patients. ZWINT may be a potential biomarker for prognosis and an important target for tumor immunotherapy.
Assessment of Burnout Status Among Medical Students of Nepal: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Siddiqui Saharoj , Pandey Aashish , Roy Roshan Kumar , Chaudhary Hiramani Prasad , Sah Vivek kumar , Shukla Ambalika , Yasamin Heena 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: Doctors who have been rightly called wounded healers, start experiencing the challenges of this profession right from their student days. Medical students face comparatively higher frequencies of mental morbidities such as depression, anxiety, burnout, and also greater levels of psychological distress. The whole medical curriculum and this field of medicine require immense hard work, sleepless nights, a lot of compassion, and putting in service before self. The students entering medical colleges, who have just taken the first step in this never-ending journey of learning and service begin to experience a lot of challenges and overwhelmed and measurable syllabus, long years of gaining knowledge, and continuous pressure of being up to the mark as it may become a matter of someone’s life or death. Earlier, least discussed as a topic of concern, the mental health of medical professionals is now being talked about, however, enough data is still not available relating to the medical students of Nepal. This study aims to assess burnout among medical students of Nepal.
Methods: A quantitative descriptive study was carried out online among Nepali undergraduate medical students with a cross-sectional design.
Results: Out of 531 students, 72.32% fell in the burnout category. The prevalence of burnout was
76.35% in the first year, and 45.45% in the final year. 67.01% of total males and 78.75% of total females were identified as burnout.
Conclusion: A very high prevalence of burnout was encountered among Nepali undergraduate medical students more commonly in females and first-year students.
Modeling population dynamics of Myzus persicae(Sulzer) and its associated parasitoids in bell pepper in relation to climatic factors
Authors: Sharma Shakshi , Sood Ajay Kumar , Ghongade Dilip Shriram 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Effect of climatic factors on population build-up of green aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulzer) and associated parasitoids was studied on bell pepper under protected environment over a period of two cropping seasons. Plants were infested artificially by releasing 1, 2, 4 and 8 aphids per plant on 30 days after transplanting. In summer crop, population of apterous aphids at initial infestation levels of release peaked on 42 days after infestation (DAI) with the population of 986.0, 2304.9, 3267.3 and 4380.5 aphids per plant, respectively. Aphid population remained comparatively low in autumn crop, and peaked between 63–70 DAI in different infestation levels. The population levels differed significantly at all infestation levels in summer crop but was on a par at 1 and 2 aphid levels in autumn crop. Alate formation initiated three weeks after release of aphids in both the seasons. Correlation coefficient between aphid population and climatic factors indicated that the temperature favoured build-up of aphid population positively in summer crop, being significant with minimum temperature only (r = 0.5247; p = 0.05), whereas, in autumn crop, both temperature and relative humidity influenced the population buildup negatively, which being significant with minimum temperature and minimum relative humidity. Predictive model using stepwise regression analysis between aphid and abiotic factors revealed that minimum temperature to contribute significantly in influencing the population in both cropping seasons, being less in summer crop (26.6%) as compared to autumn crop where it contributed to the extent of 45.1 per cent. Three hymenopterous parasitoids namely, Aphelinus asychis Walker, Aphidius matricariae Haliday and Aphidius ervi Haliday were found associated with M. persicae. The parasitoid, A. asychis and Aphidius spp. resulted in parasitization varying from 1.0–13.7 and 0.7–61.4 per cent in different aphid infestation levels in summer and autumn crop, respectively. A. asychis showed negative functional response to M. persicae population, whereas Aphidius spp. responded positively. Except maximum temperature all other environmental factors influenced the parasitization positively in both cropping seasons, being significant with minimum relative humidity (r = 0.6990; p = 0.01) in autumn crop only.
Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Urogenital Tuberculosis in Uzbekistan
Authors: Rashidov Z. R. , Parpieva N. N. , Alidzhanov S. K. 
Published: January 2023

The objective: to determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the structure and course of urogenital tuberculosis (UGTB) in Uzbekistan.Subjects and Methods. A retrospective cohort comparative study of the urogenital tuberculosis structure by clinical data for 2018-2021 was carried out. The data of 2,866 patients with extrapulmonary tuberculosis were analyzed including 1,208 patients with urogenital tuberculosis.Results. Of the 1,208 patients with urogenital tuberculosis, 327 were registered in 2018, 300 in 2019, 219 in 2020 (the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic), and 362 in 2021. The smallest number of cases registered in 2020 is due to lock-out activities. In 2021, there was a 2-fold increase in the number of patients with co-morbid forms of urogenital tuberculosis versus 2019 (pre-pandemic period). The frequency of detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in patients with urogenital tuberculosis in 2021 also increased by 4.3-5 times compared to 2019. The largest number of cases with the co-infection of urogenital tuberculosis and COVID-19 was recorded in 2020 – in 13.2% of identified patients. Concurrent urogenital tuberculosis and encrusting cystitis were observed in 4 (1.1%) patients detected in 2021. The underdetection of urogenital tuberculosis patients in 2020 resulted in the higher proportion of surgeries in 2021.
LncRNA: An Important Regulator of Atherosclerosis
Authors: Ma Yun , He Siqi , Xie Qiao , Tang Zhihan , Jiang Zhisheng 
Published: January 2023

Abstract:
Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is a kind of biomolecule that can regulate
important life activities such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, aging, and
body development. It has been found that lncRNAs are closely related to various diseases.
In cardiovascular diseases, lncRNAs affect the expression level of related genes in
atherosclerotic plaques, which are closely related to endothelial dysfunction, smooth muscle
cell proliferation, macrophage dysfunction, abnormal lipid metabolism, and cellular
autophagy, thus participating in regulating the occurrence and development of AS. In
view of this, investigating the role of lncRNAs in regulating cardiac gene networks on
cardiovascular system diseases has attracted much clinical attention and may be a novel
target for AS therapy. This paper focuses on lncRNAs related to AS, explores the relationship
between lncRNAs and AS, suggests the role of lncRNAs in the prevention and
treatment of AS, and expects the application of more lncRNAs as the marker in the clinical
diagnosis and treatment of AS.
Nanocarrier Based Delivery of Berberine: A Critical Review on Pharmaceutical
and Preclinical Characteristics of the Bioactive
Authors: Hafeez Abdul , Khan Mohd. Jawed , Siddiqui Mohd. Aftab 
Published: January 2023

Abstract:
Berberine (BBR) is an isoquinoline alkaloid with several therapeutic properties, including
anti-microbial, anti-diarrhea, anti-viral, anti-inflammatory, antihypertensive, anti-tumor, and
anti-diabetes. However, its low water solubility, low absorption, first-pass metabolism, nontargeting,
and poor bioavailability represent major hurdles to its successful therapeutic applications.
Hence, researchers have attempted to enhance the biological and pharmacological activity of BBR
to overcome its drawbacks by encapsulation of BBR in micro and nano delivery systems. For the
preparation of nanostructured carrier systems of BBR, a range of methods has been developed, and
each method has its benefits and characteristics. This review critically describes different types of
nanocarriers like liposomes, niosomes, ethosomes, nanoemulsions, polymeric nanoparticles, micelles,
dendrimers, and silver and gold nanoparticles that have been used for encapsulation of BBR
for different therapeutic applications. The various pharmaceutical characteristics (size, shape, entrapment
efficiency, zeta potential, drug release, and drug permeation) of these BBR-loaded nanocarriers
have been discussed systematically. Preclinical studies of BBR nanoformulations involving
animal models are also discussed.
Impediment of Cancer by Dietary Plant-derived Alkaloids Through Oxidative Stress: Implications of PI3K/AKT Pathway in Apoptosis, Autophagy, and Ferroptosis
Authors: Manogaran Prasath , Beeraka Narasimha Murthy , Paulraj Raja Singh , Sathiyachandran Perumal , Thammaiappa Mahadevaswamy 
Published: January 2023

Abstract:The adverse toxicities and stemness are two major factors that constrained the usage of therapeutic strategies to target several cancer types. Previous studies explored the efficacy of PI3K/mTOR inhibitors, pan-PI3K inhibitors, and isoform-specific inhibitors against several cancer types, and many of them are currently in clinical trials. The current review described the efficacy of alkaloids derived from dietary plant sources in developing a new anti-cancer to reduce the preva-lence of cancer through the modulation of apoptosis, autophagy, and ferroptosis. We have substan-tially collected the information pertinent to several intracellular pathways, including PI3K signaling, apoptosis, ferroptosis, and autophagy in modulating cancer progression mediated by the plant-derived alkaloids such as daurisoline, dauricine, vasicine, vasicinone, 2-Acetyl-benzylamine, nu-ciferine, liensinine, gramine, and berbamine. These alkaloids exhibit significant anti-cancer poten-tial to inhibit cancer cells by enhancing the intracellular ROS level and modulation of several sig-naling pathways, mainly through the PI3K/AKT pathway. These alkaloids can modulate chemo-therapeutic agents' efficacy in various cancer cells, both in vitro and in vivo models. Overall the fu-tures for the continued use of alkaloids from natural sources against cancer have to be extended, with the implementation of significant enhancements in the chemistry of these alkaloids for targeted delivery. In this review, we have selected major bioactive alkaloids of dietary and medicinal plants origin and discussed the anti-cancer and combinatorial therapeutic implications of these compounds with several FDA-approved drugs against various cancer cells.
A Review of Lipid and Protein Oxidation During Digestion
Authors: Abedinzadeh Solmaz , Torbati Mohammadali , Khezri Sima , Hashempour-Baltork Fataneh , Azadmard-Damirchi Sodeif 
Published: January 2023

Abstract:
Lipid and protein oxidation are important reactions in food systems and can degrade
food quality and decrease consumer acceptability. Several factors affect the rate and severity of
these undesirable reactions in food products. However, lipid and protein oxidations can occur in
the digestive system, which is much more complex than in simple food systems. Under digestive
conditions, food matrix and composition are the major factors affecting lipid and protein
oxidations in the body. Lipid and protein oxidation in food matrixes or the digestive system, as
well as product absorption rate, can have serious consequences for human health. This review
aimed to present recent information and discussion on the effects of digestion conditions and
natural and synthetic antioxidants on lipid and protein oxidation.
Mammographic and Sonographic Findings in Breast Cancer Screening
Authors: Aurora Habiba , Yueniwati Yuyun 
Published: January 2023

Breast cancer in the most common malignancy in woman. Screening is very important to identify precancerous lesions. The use of diagnostic imaging is one of the first steps in cancer diagnosis. Mammography is one of detection tool, which able to detect breast abnormality in early stage, while breast sonography is more helpful in cases with dense breast. In this study we compared the finding on mammography and ultrasonography among woman 40 to 60 years undergoing breast cancer screening.
This study included 30 asymptomatic woman aged over 40 years, which have no history of reast cancer. All were assigned to undergo screening by either mammography and ultrasonography. The diagnoses were scored due to ultrasound BI-RADS, the finding from mammography and breast ultrasound were compared to analyze the difference between both examination.
From the result of mammography and ultrasound were shown that at the same BIRADS scale, different images could be obtained. Further studies are needed to demonstrate the significance of the differences in examination findings on the same BIRADS scale.

Keywords: Breast Cancer, Mammography, Screening, Sonography