bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High‐Sensitivity Adjustable Operating Modes Multifunctional Detector Based on InSe/VO2 Heterojunction for Light and Electric Field Perception
Authors: Wang Lin , Deng Menghan , Xu Xionghu , Hou Zhangchen , Li Ming , Chen Li , Cui Anyang , Jiang Kai , Shang Liyan , Chu Junhao , Hu Zhigao 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHigh‐performance and versatile multifunctional photodetection devices are essential for various applications, but they often face severe challenges, such as limited operating modes and low detection sensitivity. In this study, a multifunctional detector based on InSe/VO2 heterojunction that integrates light and electric field perceiving capabilities and can dynamically switch operating modes is presented. The device can serve as a self‐powered photodetector, logic gates, and an artificial nociceptor, showcasing its versatility and potential for various applications. The unique metal‐insulator transition (MIT) of VO2 enables the device to dynamically switch between self‐powered photovoltaic and photoconductive modes. A significant advance over traditional photodetectors that can only operate in a single mode has been realized. The device exhibits high detectivity up to 2.09 × 1013 Jones and excellent responsivity of 6.15 A W−1, making it a reliable and accurate tool for photodetection. In addition, it functions as “AND” and “OR” logic gates, providing opportunities for signal processing and communication. Moreover, by adding electric pulses to the InSe/VO2 heterojunction, the device can also function as an artificial nociceptor, with potential implications for medical applications and prosthetics. This work presents remarkable progress toward intelligent sensors and systems, with transformative potential for electronic and photonic devices.
Highly Stable Microcapsules of Colloidal Photonic Ink in Nonpolar Medium for Full Color E‐Skin Device
Authors: Kim Jungmin , Park Shin Geun , Kim Minseok , Lee Hyunjung , Kim Young‐Seok , Lee Wonmok 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe colloidal dispersion in a nonpolar medium is an essential material for electrophoretic displays (EPD) with low‐power consumption. A uniform‐sized superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle (SPION) is a promising candidate for EPD, which exhibits tunable structural color by Bragg diffraction. In this study, the surface of SPION is charged in a nonpolar medium by inverse micelles of Solsperse‐17k, an oil‐soluble polymeric surfactant. A photonic ink of SPION dispersion exhibits simultaneous magnetochromism and electrochromism. The photonic ink is encapsulated via a complex coacervation process, in which double layers of gelatin/gum Arabic form a stable shell for µ‐capsule. The µ‐capsules show tunable structural colors, which depends upon the size of SPION in photonic ink. The increased surfactant content in photonic ink brings about a decrease in µ‐capsule size due to a reduced surface tension. A lowered gelatin concentration during coacervation results in a smaller µ‐capsule, which exhibits an electrical color tunability. Optical characterization using a confocal microscopy enables 3D visualization of the inner structure of µ‐capsules and the formation of particle chain structure of SPION in H‐field. The encapsulated photonic ink exhibits magnetochromism for 1 year, illuminating the long‐term stability of µ‐capsules developed in this study.
A Multilevel Magnetic Synapse Based on Voltage‐Tuneable Magnetism by Nitrogen Ion Migration
Authors: Monalisha P. , Ma Zheng , Pellicer Eva , Menéndez Enric , Sort Jordi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAdvanced synaptic devices with simultaneous memory and processor capabilities are envisaged as core elements of neuromorphic computing (NC) for low‐power artificial intelligence. So far, most synaptic devices are based on resistive memories, where the device resistance is tuned with applied voltage or current. However, the use of electric current in such resistive devices causes significant power dissipation due to Joule heating. Higher energy efficiency has been reported in materials exhibiting voltage control of magnetism (VCM). In particular, voltage‐driven ion motion to modulate magnetism (magneto‐ionics) is an emerging VCM mechanism that can offer new prospects for low‐power implementation of NC. In the present work, voltage‐driven nitrogen ion motion is exploited in transition metal nitride (CoFeN) thin films (i.e., nitrogen magneto‐ionics) to emulate biological synapses. In the proposed device, distinct multilevel non‐volatile magnetic states for analog computing and multi‐state storage are realized. Moreover, essential synaptic functionalities of the human brain are successfully simulated. The device exhibits an excellent synapse with a remarkable retention time (≈6 months), high switching ratio and large endurance (≈103), for hardware implementation of NC. This research provides new insight into exploiting magneto‐ionic‐based synaptic devices for spin‐based neuromorphic systems.
The influence of clinical coaching teams on quality of entrustable professional activity assessments
Authors: Singh Simranjeet , Cheung Warren J. , Dewhirst Sebastian , Wood Timothy J. , Landreville Jeffrey M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundCoaching is an important component of workplace‐based assessment in competency‐based medical education. Longitudinal coaching relationships have been proposed to enhance the trainee–supervisor relationship and promote high‐quality assessment.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to determine the influence of longitudinal coaching relationships on the quality of entrustable professional activity (EPA) assessments.MethodsEPAs (n = 174) completed by emergency medicine (EM) supervisors between July 2020 and June 2021 were extracted and divided into two groups; one group consisted of EPAs completed by supervisors when a longitudinal coaching relationship existed (n = 87) and the other group consisted of EPAs completed by the same supervisors when no coaching relationship existed (n = 87). Three physicians were recruited to rate the EPAs using the Quality of Assessment and Learning (QuAL) score, a previously published measure of EPA quality. An analysis of variance was performed to compare mean QuAL scores between the groups. Linear regression analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between trainee performance (EPA rating) and EPA assessment quality (QuAL score).ResultsAll raters completed the survey. The mean ± SD QuAL score in the coaching relationship group (3.63 ± 0.91) was higher than the no coaching relationship group (3.51 ± 1.10) but the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.40). Supervisor was a significant predictor of QuAL score (p = 0.012) and supervisor alone accounted for 26% of the variability in QuAL scores (R2 = 0.26). There was no significant relationship between trainee performance and EPA assessment quality.ConclusionsThe presence of a longitudinal coaching relationship did not influence the quality of EPA assessments.
Homozygous splice site variant affecting the first von Willebrand factor A domain of COL12A1 in a patient with myopathic Ehlers‐Danlos syndrome
Authors: Furuhata‐Yoshimura Megumi , Yamaguchi Tomomi , Izu Yayoi , Kosho Tomoki 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMyopathic Ehlers‐Danlos syndrome (mEDS) is a subtype of EDS that is caused by abnormalities in COL12A1. Up‐to‐date, 24 patients from 15 families with mEDS have been reported, with 14 families showing inheritance in an autosomal dominant manner and one family in an autosomal recessive manner. We encountered an additional patient with autosomal recessive mEDS. The patient is a 47‐year‐old Japanese man, born to consanguineous parents with no related features of mEDS. After birth, he presented with hypotonia, weak spontaneous movements, scoliosis, and torticollis. He had soft palms but no skin hyperextensibility or fragility. Progressive scoliosis, undescended testes, and muscular torticollis required surgery. During adulthood, he worked normally and had no physical concerns. Clinical exome analysis revealed a novel homozygous variant in COL12A1 (NM_004370.6:c.395‐1G > A) at the splice acceptor site of exon 6, leading to in‐frame skipping of exon 6. The patient was diagnosed with mEDS. The milder manifestations in the current patient compared with previously reported patients with mEDS might be related to the site of the variant. The variant is located in the genomic region encoding the first von Willebrand factor A domain, which affects only the long isoform of collagen XII, in contrast to the variants in previously reported mEDS patients that affected both the long and short isoforms. Further studies are needed to delineate comprehensive genotype–phenotype correlation of the disorder.
Association of body mass index and hypoglycemia with mortality rates among sepsis patients: A retrospective sub‐analysis of the FORECAST study
Authors: Tanikawa Atsushi , Kudo Daisuke , Ohbe Hiroyuki , Kushimoto Shigeki 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimHypoglycemia at admission is associated with high mortality in sepsis patients. However, the influence of body mass index (BMI) on this association remains unknown. Therefore, this study assesses the association of hypoglycemia at admission with mortality in patients with sepsis according to BMI.MethodsThis was a secondary analysis of a multicenter, prospective cohort study of 59 intensive care units in Japan. We included 1184 patients (age ≥16 years) with severe sepsis and excluded those with missing data on glucose level, BMI, or survival at discharge. The initial blood glucose level of <70 mg/dL was defined as hypoglycemia. Patients were assigned to the hypoglycemia or non‐hypoglycemia group as per BMI category (<18.5 [low], 18.5–24.9 [normal], and ≥25 [high] kg/m2). The main outcome was in‐hospital mortality. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to evaluate BMI category‐by‐hypoglycemia interactions.ResultsOverall, 1103 patients, including 65 with hypoglycemia, were analyzed. In the normal BMI group, patients with hypoglycemia had a higher in‐hospital mortality rate (18/38, 47.4%) than those without (119/584, 20.4%). There was a significant interaction between normal BMI and hypoglycemia affecting in‐hospital mortality; however, this effect was not observed for other BMI categories (odds ratio, 2.32; 95% confidence interval, 1.05–5.07; p‐value for interaction = 0.0476).ConclusionThe relationship between patients with sepsis and hypoglycemia on admission may differ according to BMI. Hypoglycemia on admission may be associated with high mortality in patients with normal BMI, but not in those with low or high BMI.
Potential of uniaxial electrospun composite nanofibers based on polycaprolactone and polyvinyl alcohol in guided bone regeneration
Authors: Jiang Kongzhao , Liu Guomin , Cheng Zhiqiang , Sun Maolei , Liu Yun , Jiao Kun , Jia Wenyuan , Wang Shaoru , Dai Zhihui , Yang Yuheng , Liu Liping , Yang Tao , Jiang Xuanzuo , Luo Yungang , Liu Zhihui 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPolycaprolactone and polyvinyl alcohol are commonly used polymers with biocompatibility and biodegradability. However, the poor mechanical properties of polycaprolactone and the high swelling properties of polyvinyl alcohol hinder their application in guided tissue/bone regeneration. In this study, a new strategy for preparing absorbable guided bone regeneration (GBR) membrane was innovatively put forward, which was to simply blend them in formic acid in different proportions (0%/100%, 25%/75%, 50%/50%, 75%/25%, and 100%/0% wt/wt) and obtain nanofiber membrane by uniaxial electrospinning. The nano‐structure was confirmed by scanning electron microscope, and the change of chemical functional groups was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. In addition, the proper polymer proportion (75%/25%) was selected through some tests. The results show that the nanofiber membrane has suitable wettability (104.083 ± 2.512°), sufficient Young's modulus (90.895 ± 7.431 MPa), the lowest swelling rate (33.705 ± 1.806%) and shrinkage rate (1.878 ± 3.252%), and no cytotoxicity. Its biodegradability and osteogenic effects in vitro were also investigated to show the potential applied in GBR.
‘Standing back’ or ‘stepping up’? Exploring climate change education policy influence in England
Authors: Greer Kate , King Heather , Glackin Melissa 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis paper explores the nature of climate change education‐related policy influence in England at a time when public consciousness about the need to accelerate climate change action was heightened, and as the 2018 climate strikes gathered momentum around the world. Informed by Foucault's concept of ‘governmentalities’, and using data generated through 24 exploratory interviews and reflexive thematic analysis, we examine the extent to which influential individuals were advocating for policy change. We discuss the nature of policy influence with particular reference to the ‘stances’ that individuals adopted relative to climate change education policy influence and noting a common tendency exhibited amongst participants which was a tendency towards ‘deference’. Coupling our insights with theorisations of dissent, we consider how ‘infra‐political dissent’ could support key individuals to ‘step up’ and influence for more effective policy relative to climate change education, and to other areas of education or environment policy.
Adults with autism using self‐management to decrease problem behavior: A review of the literature
Authors: McHugh Ashley B. , Zane Thomas , Monroe‐Gulick Amalia Louise 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this literature review was to examine the state of research on the use of self‐management procedures in reducing problem behaviors in adults diagnosed with an intellectual disability. Studies were located by conducting a systematic search of literature across various journals. Seventeen studies were included in the review and were evaluated along the dimensions of adherence to quality research design and outcomes. Results showed that self‐management techniques were associated with decreased levels of challenging behaviors across adults with intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder. However, the quality of research design was inconsistent, decreasing confidence in a causal relationship between self‐management and reduction in challenging behaviors. This review should encourage more research in using self‐management procedures with individuals having intellectual disability, especially with adults.
Corporate scope 3 carbon emission reporting as an enabler of supply chain decarbonization: A systematic review and comprehensive research agenda
Authors: Hettler Maximilian , Graf‐Vlachy Lorenz 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFirms worldwide are currently investigating ways to decarbonize global supply chains. Corporate scope 3 carbon emission reporting is a critical first step but is not yet a common activity for most firms. The current literature on corporate scope 3 reporting is highly fragmented and does not offer a comprehensive overview, and findings from scopes 1 and 2 emission reporting are often not readily transferrable. Therefore, we conduct a systematic literature review, develop an encompassing research framework, and generate a comprehensive research agenda. Our results identify several patterns in the literature, such as the widespread use of the Carbon Disclosure Project as a data source, a broad agreement on poor comprehensiveness of scope 3 reports, and an overall low amount of empirical research. We contribute a holistic overview of the complex issue of scope 3 reporting and develop numerous promising research avenues.
Optimization of carotenoid production by Umbelopsis ramanniana
Authors: Kizilay Hatice Kübra , Küçükçetin Ahmet , Demir Muammer 
Published: June 2023

AbstractUmbelopsis ramanniana was investigated to increase carotenoid production. Nine different carbon sources and six different nitrogen sources were evaluated for the maximum carotenoid production. The most effective nitrogen and carbon sources were KNO3 and lactose, respectively. Then, the optimization of medium components for enhancement of carotenoid production by Umbelopsis ramanniana was achieved using Plackett–Burman design. Box–Behnken response surface methodology was applied to further optimize carotenoid and biomass production. Carbon to nitrogen ratio, lactose concentration, and shaking speed were studied as variables in Box–Behnken design. The optimum conditions for carotenoid and biomass production were determined as 32.42 g/L of lactose concentration, 20:1 of carbon to nitrogen ratio, and shaking speed of 130 rpm. The maximum carotenoid and biomass production under optimized conditions were 1141 μg/L (β‐carotene‐Eq) and 13.14 g/L, respectively. When compared to the control fermentation, carotenoid, and biomass production were increased by about 2 and 1.3 folds, respectively.
NNeduca: A software environment to teach artificial neural networks
Authors: Jovanović Nenad , Stamenković Srećko , Jovanović Stefan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractArtificial neural networks are an integral part of the curriculum in many undergraduate computer science programs. This paper introduces NNeduca, a simulation software system designed to teach undergraduate students the fundamental concepts of artificial neural networks. The system is written in Java and aims to provide an intuitive user interface, support for research and learning activities, and the ability to expand. This tool allows students to design and train a neural network with any architecture they desire and visualize some artificial neural network theoretical concepts such as definitions, topologies, training methods, and structure. An overview of educational software systems to aid in learning the fundamental concepts of neural networks was created based on a systematic literature review. A comparison of existing simulation systems and the developed NNeduca tool was performed in this paper. The evaluation was carried out using a newly developed model for assessing the quality of selected systems using established criteria formed as a result of a thorough examination of relevant methods of evaluating educational software. The usability evaluation results show that the NNeduca tool received the highest ratings, indicating that it can significantly improve the teaching process in artificial neural network courses.
A systematic review and meta‐analysis of predictive and prognostic models for outcome prediction using positron emission tomography radiomics in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients
Authors: Philip Mahima Merin , Welch Andy , McKiddie Fergus , Nath Mintu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundPositron emission tomography (PET) images of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients can assess the functional and biochemical processes at cellular levels. Therefore, PET radiomics‐based prediction and prognostic models have the potentials to understand tumour heterogeneity and assist clinicians with diagnosis, prognosis and management of the disease. We conducted a systematic review of published modelling information to evaluate the usefulness of PET radiomics in the prediction and prognosis of HNSCC patients.MethodsWe searched bibliographic databases (MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science) from 2010 to 2021 and considered 31 studies with pre‐defined inclusion criteria. We followed the CHARMS checklist for data extraction and performed quality assessment using the PROBAST tool. We conducted a meta‐analysis to estimate the accuracy of the prediction and prognostic models using the diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) and average C‐statistic, respectively.ResultsManual segmentation method followed by 40% of the maximum standardised uptake value (SUVmax) thresholding is a commonly used approach. The area under the receiver operating curves of externally validated prediction models ranged between 0.60–0.87, 0.65–0.86 and 0.62–0.75 for overall survival, distant metastasis and recurrence, respectively. Most studies highlighted an overall high risk of bias (outcome definition, statistical methodologies and external validation of models) and high unclear concern in terms of applicability. The meta‐analysis showed the estimated pooled DOR of 6.75 (95% CI: 4.45, 10.23) for prediction models and the C‐statistic of 0.71 (95% CI: 0.67, 0.74) for prognostic models.ConclusionsBoth prediction and prognostic models using clinical variables and PET radiomics demonstrated reliable accuracy for detecting adverse outcomes in HNSCC, suggesting the prospect of PET radiomics in clinical settings for diagnosis, prognosis and management of HNSCC patients. Future studies of prediction and prognostic models should emphasise the quality of reporting, external model validation, generalisability to real clinical scenarios and enhanced reproducibility of results.
BRCA2 reversion mutation confers resistance to olaparib in breast cancer
Authors: Yamamoto Shinya , Kawashima Kei , Fujiwara Yoshie , Adachi Shoko , Narui Kazutaka , Hosaka Chiaki , Takahashi Rina , Tsuyuki Sho , Sugimori Makoto , Tanoshima Miki , Sasamoto Mahato , Oshi Masanori , Yamada Akimitsu , Kunisaki Chikara , Endo Itaru 
Published: June 2023

Key Clinical MessageA rare missense mutation was identified as a reversion mutation using cancer genomic profiling and a suspected mechanism underlying resistance to olaparib in breast cancer.AbstractA 34‐year‐old woman with breast cancer and BRCA2: p.Gln3047Ter was treated with olaparib. After tumor progression, cancer genomic profiling testing using liquid biopsy revealed BRCA2 p.Gln3047Ter and p.Gln3047Tyr, with 48.9% and 0.37% allele frequency, respectively. These findings shed light on reversion mutation as a mechanism of resistance to olaparib in breast cancer.
Molecular and Crystal Structure, Spectroscopy, and Photochemistry of a Dispiro Compound Bearing the Tetraoxane Pharmacophore
Authors: Amado Patrícia S. M. , Lopes Susy , Brás Elisa M. , Paixão José A. , Takano Ma‐aya , Abe Manabu , Fausto Rui , Cristiano Maria L. S. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe molecular structure and photochemistry of dispiro[cyclohexane‐1,3′‐[1,2,4,5]tetraoxane‐6′,2′′‐tricyclo[3.3.1.13,7]decan]‐4‐one (TX), an antiparasitic 1,2,4,5‐tetraoxane was investigated using matrix isolation IR and EPR spectroscopies, together with quantum chemical calculations undertaken at the DFT(B3LYP)/6‐311++G(3df,3pd) level of theory, with and without Grimme's dispersion correction. Photolysis of the matrix‐isolated TX, induced by in situ broadband (λ>235 nm) or narrowband (λ in the range 220–263 nm) irradiation, led to new bands in the infrared spectrum that could be ascribed to two distinct photoproducts, oxepane‐2,5‐dione, and 4‐oxohomoadamantan‐5‐one. Our studies show that these photoproducts result from initial photoinduced cleavage of an O−O bond, with the formation of an oxygen‐centered diradical that regioselectivity rearranges to a more stable (secondary carbon‐centered)/(oxygen‐centered) diradical, yielding the final products. Formation of the diradical species was confirmed by EPR measurements, upon photolysis of the compound at λ=266 nm, in acetonitrile ice (T=10–80 K). Single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction (XRD) studies demonstrated that the TX molecule adopts nearly the same conformation in the crystal and matrix‐isolation conditions, revealing that the intermolecular interactions in the TX crystal are weak. This result is in keeping with observed similarities between the infrared spectrum of the crystalline material and that of matrix‐isolated TX. The detailed structural, vibrational, and photochemical data reported here appear relevant to the practical uses of TX in medicinal chemistry, considering its efficient and broad parasiticidal properties.