bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of vascular complications after transcatheter aortic valve implantation. VASC‐OBSERVANT II sub‐study
Authors: Aurigemma Cristina , Trani Carlo , D'Errigo Paola , Barbanti Marco , Biancari Fausto , Tarantini Giuseppe , Santoro Gennaro , Baiocchi Massimo , Baglio Giovanni , Seccareccia Fulvia , Rosato Stefano ,   the OBSERVANT II Research Group
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundTrans‐femoral (TF) access is the commonest approach for transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). However this vascular approach is associated with vascular complications (VC) which in turn have prognostic implications. The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical impact of access site VC in patients undergoing TAVI with newer generation transcatheter prostheses enrolled in the national observational prospective multicenter study OBSERVANT II.MethodsVascular events were defined according to the Valve Academic Research Consortium (VARC)‐2 criteria. The population enrolled in OBSERVANT II was divided into 3 groups: patients without VC (No‐VC), patients with minor VC or percutaneous closure device failure (Minor‐VC) and patients with major VC (Major‐VC). The primary endpoint was 1‐year major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular event (MACCE), a composite endpoint of all‐cause mortality, stroke, myocardial infarction and coronary revascularization. A multivariate Cox regression model was used for risk estimation of MACCE between the three analyzed groups.Results2.504 patients were included in this analysis: 2.167 patients in No‐VC group; 249 patients in the Minor‐VC and 88 patients in the Major‐VC. At 1‐year Minor‐VC group had a freedom from MACCE comparable to the No‐VC group, while Major‐VC patients had significantly worse outcome (Log‐rank test: p = 0.003). These results were driven by higher 1‐year mortality in the Major‐VC (p < 0.0001). Major‐VC was an independent predictor of MACCE in adjusted analysis (hazard ratio 1.89, 95% confidence interval 1.18‐3.03, p = 0.008).ConclusionsDespite a low incidence of major VC with current TF‐TAVI devices, our data confirm that major VC is still associated with a significantly worse clinical outcome.
“Sandwich” Diimine‐Copper Catalyzed Trifluoroethylation and Pentafluoropropylation of Unactivated C(sp3)−H Bonds by Carbene Insertion
Authors: Le Thanh V. , Romero Irvin , Daugulis Olafs 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe report here “sandwich”‐diimine copper complex‐catalyzed trifluoroethylation and pentafluoropropylation of unactivated C(sp3)−H bonds in alkyl esters, halides, and protected amines by employing CF3CHN2 and CF3CF2CHN2 reagents. Reactions proceed in dichloromethane solvent at room temperature. Identical C−H functionalization conditions and stoichiometries are employed for generality and convenience. Selectivities for C−H insertions are higher for compounds possessing stronger electron‐withdrawing substituents. Preliminary mechanistic studies point to a mechanism involving a pre‐equilibrium forming a “sandwich”‐diimine copper‐CF3CHN2 complex followed by rate‐determining loss of nitrogen affording the reactive copper carbene. It reacts with trifluoromethyldiazomethane about 6.5 times faster than with 1‐fluoroadamantane explaining the need for slow addition of the diazo compound.
2,2’‐Biquinoline‐Based Recyclable Electroauxiliaries for the Generation of Alkyl Radicals via C−C Bond Cleavage
Authors: Ratnam Shahilan , Unone Shreya , Janssen‐Müller Daniel 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAlkyl radical precursors are essential for a wide variety of photocatalytic and 3d‐metal‐catalyzed C−C bond forming reactions. Neutral organic heterocycles as electroauxiliaries such as 4‐alkyl Hantzsch esters have become reliable tools for alkyl radical formation. Here we show that 2,2’‐biquinoline‐derived alkyl‐substituted dihydroquinolines act as competent radical precursors with the ability to form primary, secondary and tertiary alkyl radicals. Hydroalkylation of benzalmalononitriles and N‐Boc protected diazenes has been achieved through copper catalysis under mild conditions of 50 °C with good to very good yields of up to 85 %. Furthermore, the dihydroquinolines’ reactivity towards a denitrative alkylation of nitroolefins such as β‐nitrostyrene was discovered. Most importantly, the released biquinoline can be recycled, which greatly improves the overall atom‐economy of these alkyl radical precursors in comparison to previous N‐heterocyclic electroauxiliaries.
Revisiting the TCNQF40/1−/2− Catalysis Mechanism for the [Fe(CN)6]3−/4−‐S2O32−/S4O62− Redox Reaction
Authors: Alzubidi Anbrah E. , Bond Alan M. , Martin Lisandra L. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe front cover artwork was done by Michelle Farrelly, a member of the Martin group at Monash University. The image represents a perspective of a cuvette in which the catalysis of the thiosulfate‐ferricyanide reaction was achieved by a TCNQF4‐based redox reaction in aqueous solution. The primary method used to monitor these reactions was spectrophotometry. Read the full text of the Research Article at 10.1002/cphc.202200942.
Endoscopic clearance of non‐complex biliary stones using fluoroscopy‐free direct solitary cholangioscopy: Initial multicenter experience
Authors: Ridtitid Wiriyaporn , Rerknimitr Rungsun , Ramchandani Mohan , Lakhtakia Sundeep , Shah Raj J , Shah Janak N , Thosani Nirav , Goenka Mahesh K , Costamagna Guido , Wagh Mihir S , Perri Vincenzo , Peetermans Joyce , Goswamy Pooja G , Liu Zoe , Yin Srey , Banerjee Subhas 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsFluoroscopy‐free endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography for common bile duct stone (CBDS) clearance is usually offered only to pregnant patients. We initiated a multicenter, randomized controlled trial comparing clearance of non‐complex CBDSs using fluoroscopy‐free direct solitary cholangioscopy (DSC) to standard endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERC) to evaluate the wider applicability of the DSC‐based approach. Here we report the initial results of stone clearance and safety in roll‐in cases for the randomized controlled trial.MethodsTwelve expert endoscopists at tertiary care centers in four countries prospectively enrolled 47 patients with non‐complex CBDSs for DSC‐assisted CBDS removal in an index procedure including fluoroscopy‐free cannulation. Successful CBDS clearance was first determined by DSC and subsequently validated by final occlusion cholangiogram as the ERC gold standard.ResultsFully fluoroscopy‐free cannulation was successful in 42/47 (89.4%) patients. Brief fluoroscopy with minimal contrast injection was used in 4/47 (8.5%) patients during cannulation. Cannulation failed in 1/47 (2.1%) patients. Fluoroscopy‐free complete stone clearance was reached in 38/46 (82.6%) cases. Residual stones were detected in the validation ERC occlusion cholangiogram in three cases. Overall serious adverse event rate was 2.1% (95% confidence interval 0.1–11.3): postprocedural pancreatitis in one patient.ConclusionsIn patients with non‐complex CBDS, the fluoroscopy‐free technique is easily transferred to endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography experts with acceptable rates of cannulation and stone clearance and few serious adverse events. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03421340)
Impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on the performance of endoscopy in the Tohoku region of Japan
Authors: Iijima Katsunori , Matsuhashi Tamotsu , Shimodaira Yosuke , Mikami Tatsuya , Yoshimura Tetsuro , Yanai Shunichi , Kudara Norihiko , Tsuji Tsuyotoshi , Matsushita Hiro‐o , Watanabe Hiroyuki , Koike Tomoyuki , Kato Katsuaki , Abe Yasuhiko , Shirahata Nakao , Hikichi Takuto , Katakura Kyoko , Kono Koji , Sakuraba Hirotake , Ueno Yoshiyuki , Ohira Hiromasa , Masamune Atsushi , Matsumoto Takayuki , Fukuda Shinsaku ,   Japan Gastroenterological Endoscopy Society‐Tohoku
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectivesThe whole picture of the disturbance in endoscopy performance caused by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic in Japan remains to be clarified. Therefore, the Japan Gastroenterological Endoscopy Society‐Tohoku conducted this questionnaire survey in Tohoku region of Japan.MethodsA questionnaire on the number of diagnostic endoscopy procedures and resulting diagnosed cancers in 2019 and 2020 was sent to all guidance/guidance cooperation hospitals in the Japan Gastroenterological Endoscopy Society who worked in the Tohoku region. The percentage change was calculated by comparing the numbers in 2020 with those in 2019 (the pre‐COVID‐19 period).ResultsAmong the applicable 89 guidance/guidance cooperation hospitals, 83 (94%) returned the questionnaire. The number of endoscopy procedures promptly decreased to the nadir in April and May 2020 (during the first state of emergency in Japan); however, it recovered relatively quickly, within a few months after the state of emergency was lifted. Consequently, the annual reduction in the number of endoscopy procedures in 2020 (in comparison to 2019) was 10.1% for esophagogastroduodenoscopy and 7.9% for colonoscopy. The reduction in the number of diagnostic endoscopy procedures led to a 5.5% reduction in esophagogastric cancer and 2.7% in colorectal cancer.ConclusionsThis is the most comprehensive survey on the impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on the performance of endoscopy and the resulting diagnosis of cancer in Japan. Understanding the magnitude of the decline in endoscopic examinations and cancer detection due to the pandemic is critical to understanding how many people will ultimately be affected and establishing a strategy for providing endoscopy during national emergencies.
Detection of boldenone in the urine of female horses—ex vivo formation versus administration
Authors: Viljanto Marjaana , Kaabia Zied , Taylor Polly , Hincks Pamela , Muir Tessa , Habershon‐Butcher Jocelyn , Bailly‐Chouriberry Ludovic , Scarth James 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBoldenone is an anabolic–androgenic steroid (AAS) that is prohibited in equine sports. However, in certain situations, it is endogenous, potentially formed by the microbes in urine. An approach to the differentiation based on the detection of the biomarkers Δ1‐progesterone, 20(S)‐hydroxy‐Δ1‐progesterone and 20(S)‐hydroxyprogesterone was assessed, and their concentrations were monitored in the urine of untreated female horses (n = 291) alongside boldenone, boldienone, testosterone and androstenedione. Using an ultra‐sensitive analytical method, boldenone (256 ± 236 pg/mL, n = 290) and the biomarkers (Δ1‐progesterone up to 57.6 pg/mL, n = 8; 20(S)‐hydroxy‐Δ1‐progesterone 85.3 ± 181 pg/mL, n = 130; 20(S)‐hydroxyprogesterone 43.5 ± 92.1 pg/mL, n = 158) were detected at low concentrations. The ex vivo production of Δ1‐steroids was artificially induced following the storage of urine samples at room temperature for 7 days in order to assess the concentrations and ratios of the monitored steroids. The administration of inappropriately stored feed source also resulted in an increase in 20(S)‐hydroxy‐Δ1‐progesterone concentrations and the biomarker ratios. Using the results from different datasets, an approach to differentiation was developed. In situations where the presence of boldenone exceeds a proposed action limit of 5 ng/mL, the presence of the biomarkers would be investigated. If Δ1‐progesterone is above 50 pg/mL or if 20(S)‐hydroxy‐Δ1‐progesterone is above 100 pg/mL with the ratio of 20(S)‐hydroxy‐Δ1‐progesterone:20(S)‐hydroxyprogesterone greater than 5:1, then this would indicate ex vivo transformation or consumption of altered feed rather than steroid administration. There remains a (small) possibility of a false negative result, but the model increases confidence that adverse analytical findings reported in female horses are caused by AAS administrations.
Retention of essential fatty acids in fish differs by species, habitat use and nutritional quality of prey
Authors: Bandara Tharindu , Brugel Sonia , Andersson Agneta , Lau Danny Chun Pong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAlgae‐produced long‐chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC‐PUFA; with ≥20 carbon atoms) are key biomolecules for consumer production and animal health. They are transferred to higher trophic levels and accumulated in food chains. However, LC‐PUFA accumulation in consumers and their trophic transfer vary with the diet quality and the physiological demand for LC‐PUFA of consumers. The goal of this study was to investigate spatial and taxonomic differences in LC‐PUFA retention of coastal fish predators that potentially differ in their habitat use (benthic versus pelagic) and prey quality. We analyzed the fatty acid (FA) composition of common fish species, namely roach and European perch, as well as their potential prey from benthic and pelagic habitats in three bays of the northern Baltic Sea. We then assessed whether the fish LC‐PUFA retention differed between species and among the study bays with different diet quality, that is, LC‐PUFA availability. Our data indicated taxon‐specific differences in the retention of LC‐PUFA and their precursor FA in fish (i.e., short‐chain PUFA with <20 carbon atoms). Perch did not show any spatial variation in the retention of all these FA, while roach showed spatial differences in the retention of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and their precursor FA, but not eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). Data suggest that diet quality and trophic reliance on benthic prey underlay the DHA retention differences in roach. Although the PUFA supply might differ among sites, the low spatial variation in LC‐PUFA content of perch and roach indicates that both fishes were able to selectively retain dietary LC‐PUFA. Climate change together with other existing human‐caused environmental stressors are expected to alter the algal assemblages and lower their LC‐PUFA supply for aquatic food webs. Our findings imply that these stressors will pose heterogeneous impacts on different fish predators. We advocate further investigations on how environmental changes would affect the nutritional quality of the basal trophic level, and their subsequent impacts on LC‐PUFA retention, trophic ecology, and performance of individual fish species.
Understanding the state‐dependent impact of species correlated responses on community sensitivity to perturbations
Authors: Medeiros Lucas P. , Saavedra Serguei 
Published: June 2023

AbstractUnderstanding how communities respond to perturbations requires us to consider not only changes in the abundance of individual species but also correlated changes that can emerge through interspecific effects. However, our knowledge of this phenomenon is mostly constrained to situations where interspecific effects are fixed. Here, we introduce a framework to disentangle the impact of species correlated responses on community sensitivity to perturbations when interspecific effects change over time due to cyclic or chaotic population dynamics. We partition the volume expansion rate of perturbed abundances (community sensitivity) into contributions of individual species and of species correlated responses by converting the time‐varying Jacobian matrix containing interspecific effects into a time‐varying covariance matrix. Using population dynamics models, we demonstrate that species correlated responses change considerably across time and continuously alternate between reducing and having no impact on community sensitivity. Importantly, these alternating impacts depend on the abundance of particular species and can be detected even from noisy time series. We showcase our framework using two experimental predator–prey time series and find that the impact of species correlated responses is modulated by prey abundance—as theoretically expected. Our results provide new insights into how and when species interactions can dampen community sensitivity when abundances fluctuate over time.
Long‐term drivers of shoreline change over two centuries on a headland‐embayment beach
Authors: Grottoli Edoardo , Biausque Mélanie , Jackson Derek W. T. , Cooper J. Andrew G. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractShoreline evolution over the last two centuries was analysed for Dundrum Bay, Co. Down, Northern Ireland, using historical and recent shoreline datasets from 1833 to 2020. The area of interest comprises two sandy beaches and vegetated coastal dune fields, Newcastle–Murlough and Ballykinler, separated by an inlet channel which connects the inner with the outer bay. Twenty‐four temporal shorelines were extracted, and a quantitative assessment of their positional uncertainty was performed. This was combined with analysis of foredune volume variations by applying the Structure‐from‐Motion‐Multi‐View‐Stereo technique to 1963 aerial photography and comparing it with a 2014 Light Detection And Ranging (LiDAR) dataset to better inform on links between the sediment dynamics and the observed shoreline changes. Storm events were identified using recorded extreme water levels (EWLs) (1901–2020) and hindcasted wave data (1948–2020). In the first 87 years, the shoreline was largely stable, and change was focused at the inlet area. In the 20th century, localised retreat characterised the western (Newcastle–Murlough) sector, whereas the eastern sector (Ballykinler) experienced general shoreline advance. The rate and extent of shoreline retreat in the western sector increased post‐1997 in concert with accelerated accretion at Ballykinler. The strongest erosional episodes were recorded in 1920–1951, 1997–2005, and 2012–2014. Although no direct link was established between single storms and shoreline retreat rates, the three major retreat periods coincided with several consecutive EWLs or EWLs with a return period greater than 100 years. These were generated by storm directions ranging from south to southwest. The long‐term pattern of shoreline change points to a complex coastal system that is still evolving.
Building a better Mungbean: Breeding for reproductive resilience in a changing climate
Authors: Van Haeften Shanice , Dudley Caitlin , Kang Yichen , Smith Daniel , Nair Ramakrishnan M. , Douglas Colin A. , Potgieter Andries , Robinson Hannah , Hickey Lee T. , Smith Millicent R. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek var. radiata) is a significant food and cash crop grown in tropical and subtropical regions. Mungbean production and consumer demand have increased substantially over the last two decades, owing to its agronomic, nutritional and economic benefits. Despite increased breeding efforts and the expansion of mungbean production in various agro‐climatic regions, further production is hindered by low yield and variability, which is partly attributed to the impacts of abiotic stress. Abiotic stress impacts on the physiology, morphology and reproductive ability of mungbean which influences yield. Exposure to abiotic stresses at the reproductive stage is considered the most critical for yield production. In this review, we evaluate how abiotic stress impacts mungbean growth and productivity when occurring during the reproductive stage and traits that may confer adaptation. We present the limitations of current research including limited number of genotypes, lack of field experiments and detailed experimental information. We highlight the opportunities to exploit new tools and technologies, such as high‐throughput phenotyping platforms, gene editing, and genomic selection, to accelerate breeding efforts to develop more resilient mungbean cultivars for today and tomorrow.
Impact of globalisation, remittances and human capital on environmental quality: Evidence from landlocked African countries
Authors: Yameogo Claire Emilienne Wati , Mushtaq Rizwan , Zafar Muhammad Wasif , Zaidi Syed Anees Haider , Al‐Faryan Mamdouh Abdulaziz Saleh 
Published: June 2023

AbstractStudying environmental quality is essential for promoting sustainable development and ensuring a healthy and prosperous future for all, as it directly affects human health, well‐being, and quality of life. This paper looks at how globalisation, remittances, human capital, foreign direct investment, and financial growth affect carbon dioxide emissions in landlocked African countries from 1980 to 2018. The study looks at the elasticities between study factors by using second‐generation tests, as well as Continuously‐updated and Fully Modified (Cup‐FM) and Continuously‐updated and Bias‐Corrected (Cup‐BC) tests. The results show that remittances, human capital, natural resources, and income growth all make the environment worse by increasing CO2 emissions, whilst globalisation, foreign direct investment, and financial development all make it better by reducing emissions. The panel causality analysis shows that there are two ways in which transfers and CO2 emissions cause each other, but only one way in which CO2 emissions cause globalisation. Globalisation should be implemented sustainably to avoid irreversible long‐term environmental impacts that deprive future generations of the chance to prosper or maintain their quality of life. It should also empower people and reduce inequality in landlocked countries.
Outcomes and cost‐effectiveness comparisons of progestin‐primed ovarian stimulation, GnRH antagonist protocol, and luteal phase stimulation for fertility preservation
Authors: Zhao Weie , Sun Peng , Li Tingting , Li Yongfang , Liang Xiaoyan , Li Jingjie 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the clinical outcomes and cost‐effectiveness of progestin‐primed ovarian stimulation (PPOS) and the gonadotropin‐releasing hormone‐antagonist (GnRH‐A) protocol in fertility preservation (FP) in cancer patients. The stimulation option when patients were in the luteal phase was also explored.MethodsThis retrospective study analyzed clinical data from 163 patients who underwent FP. The number of retrieved oocytes and vitrified oocytes/embryos, total dose of gonadotropin, duration of stimulation, number of injections, and cost were compared among the PPOS, GnRH‐A, and luteal phase stimulation (LPS) groups.ResultsNo significant differences were noted in the numbers of retrieved oocytes and vitrified oocytes/embryos among the three groups. In the multiple regression model, age (P = 0.02) and antral follicle count (AFC) (P < 0.001), but not the controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) protocols (P = 0.586), were associated with the number of retrieved oocytes. The number of injections and the cost were all significantly lower in the PPOS and LPS groups than in the GnRH‐A group(P < 0.001).ConclusionPPOS had similar clinical results but was superior medically and economically to GnRH‐A. For patients in the luteal phase, LPS was an optional protocol with similar outcomes and costs to PPOS.