bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Carbon sinks and carbon emissions balance of land use transition in Xinjiang, China: differences and compensation
Authors: Luo Kui , Wang Hongwei , Ma Chen , Wu Changrui , Zheng Xudong , Xie Ling 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWith the continuous enhancement of human activities, the contradiction between regional development and ecological protection is prominent in the ecologically fragile arid areas. It is of great significance for regional sustainable development to understand the ecological supply and demand problems caused by transformation of land using and formulate ecological compensation scheme scientifically. This study takes Xinjiang in China as the research area. It explores the land use transition characteristics and the changes in carbon supply and demand of Xinjiang using methods such as GIS spatial analysis and modified comparative ecological radiation forcing. Finally, the ecological compensation scheme is studied based on the theory of ecological radiation. The research shows that (I) in the study chronology, most of the areas produced only one change in land use. Land use is gradually developing towards the direction of ecological protection. After 2000, grassland recovered well, and 14,298 km2 of other ecological land was transformed into grassland. (II) The change in the carbon sink of the Xinjiang ecosystem first decreased and then increased, and the ecological deficit area started to appear after 2010. The growth of grassland and cropland areas is essential to enhance the carbon sink capacity of arid zones. (III) The amount of ecological compensation in Xinjiang is 31.47 * 108 yuan, and the proportion of the amount received by ecological compensation areas is related to the distance between the supply and demand areas, the amount of carbon sequestration, and the area of the region. This study provides a reference for achieving the healthy development of sustainable land use ecosystems in arid zones.
Adaptive training‐feedback scheme for FDD in massive MIMO systems
Authors: Huang Yi , Wang Haiquan , Gao Danbei , Zhao Zhijin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAccurate acquisition of channel state information (CSI) is crucial but difficult in frequency division duplex (FDD) massive multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) systems. To improve the estimation accuracy and to minimize the training consumption, an adaptive training‐feedback scheme based on spatial reciprocity in FDD is proposed. The main idea of this scheme is to construct a reference frame that matches the channel structure. Reference vectors with the strongest correlation with the uplink channel are selected to design the pilots. The pilots can adapt to channel changes in this proposed scheme, which lead to substantial reduction of the training and feedback overheads. The simulation results show that under full feedback, the throughput of proposed adaptive training‐feedback scheme can approach to the optimal performance, and under finite‐bit feedback, the channel utilization is also significantly high with less training.
A novel Newton‐like method with high convergence rate for efficient power‐flow solution in isolated microgrids
Authors: Tostado‐Véliz Marcos , Bayat Mohammad , Ghadimi Ali Asghar , Jurado Francisco 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPower‐Flow (PF) solution in isolated microgrids has attracted notable attention recently, because these systems present various particularities compared with the traditional PF solution in large meshed transmission networks. In this sense, this paper develops a novel Newton‐like PF solver for isolated microgrids. The new proposal is based on the Modified Midpoint method and shows high convergence order with relatively low computational burden. These characteristics bring superior theoretical performance compared with the standard Newton–Raphson (NR) method and other high order techniques, which has been conventionally used. Extensive simulations are performed on various small‐, and large‐scale benchmark Microgrids under different loading conditions and R/X ratios. Results provided serve to confirm the theoretical features of the developed solver, outperforming the NR technique as well as other recently developed solvers in all the studied systems with acceptable reliability even under high stressed conditions.
Effect of solid particle type, concentration and size on DC breakdown voltage of short needle‐plate air gap: An experiment and simulation study
Authors: Yang Guolin , Jiang Xingliang , Hu Jianlin , Ren Xiaodong , Li Tao , Wu Jianguo , Zhang Zhijin , Hu Qin , Zheng Hualong 
Published: December 2022

AbstractUnclean air discharge refers to the discharge phenomenon of a large number of polluting gases, droplets or solid particles floating in the air, which will cause insulation breakdown and safety accidents for the power transmission equipment that have been left outdoors for a long time. In order to investigate the effects of particle concentration, particle size and dielectric constant on DC breakdown characteristics of unclean air gap, a self‐made discharge chamber was designed in this study. The air was filtered and passed into the discharge chamber to remove the influence of impurities contained in the air on the experimental results. Then, solid particles with different concentration, particle size and particle dielectric constant were added to the discharge chamber to carry out the DC positive polarity breakdown characteristic experiment. The experimental results show that compared with dry clean air, the presence of solid particle increases the breakdown voltage of the gap, and the increase proportion of breakdown voltage is related to the particle concentration, particle size and particle dielectric constant. With the same particle type and particle size, the increase proportion of breakdown voltage increases with the higher concentration, which up to 10.49%. For further investigating, the fluid mechanics model was selected to simulate the process of streamer discharge in unclean air. The results show that compared with dry clean air, the presence of particles enhances the gap discharge ionisation process, but also enhances the adsorption of particles, and the latter has stronger effect than the former, thus increases the gap breakdown voltage. At the same time, the enhancement of adsorption effect increases the electric field intensity of the gap and speeds up the development process of streamer discharge.
Quantitative feature classification for breast ultrasound images using improved naive bayes
Authors: Li Xiaofeng , Sang Yupeng , Ma Xianmin , Cai Yingjie 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe quantitative feature classification of breast ultrasound images can explore the intrinsic connection between image features and lesions, and become an important basis for the diagnosis of tumor nature in clinical medicine. However, the tumor features extracted from breast ultrasound images are generally based on the overall situation, which has an impact on the classification of features in ultrasound images. Therefore, a quantitative feature classification algorithm for breast ultrasound images using improved Naive Bayes (NB) is proposed. First, histogram features, grayscale co‐generation matrix and other texture features are extracted from the ultrasound image. Second, NB is combined with decision tree calculation to improve the traditional NB algorithm. Finally, feature classification is optimized using improved NB algorithm to achieve high accuracy in the classification of ultrasound images. The results show that the contour of the lesion recognition results obtained by the proposed algorithm is the most complete, and the other regions can maximize the retention of the texture features of the original image. The classification accuracy is high, and the classification time of quantitative features of breast ultrasound images is short. It has application value in the field of breast ultrasound diagnosis.
Techno‐enviro‐economic feasibility assessment of an off‐grid hybrid energy system with/without solar tracker considering pumped hydro storage and battery
Authors: Makhdoomi Sina , Askarzadeh Alireza 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis research focuses on the design optimization of an off‐grid hybrid energy system including photovoltaic (PV) and diesel generator considering energy storage system (ESS). For this aim, the techno‐enviro‐economic feasibility assessment of PV/diesel, PV/diesel/battery, and PV/diesel/pumped hydro storage (PHS) hybrid energy systems is investigated in a multi‐objective framework. Levelized cost of energy (LCOE) and total pollutant emission (TPE) are defined as the problem objectives and the design problem is solved for determination of the components size. The impact of PV tracking is also investigated on the system sizing. Over the case study, simulation results reveal that the most cost‐effective hybrid energy system is PV/diesel/PHS with fixed panels in which LCOE and TPE are 0.198$/kWh and 208120 kg/year, respectively. Moreover, the most environmentally friendly hybrid energy system is PV/diesel/battery with double‐axis tracker in which LCOE and TPE are 0.2816$/kWh and 112760 kg/year, respectively.
Multi‐stage attention network for monaural speech enhancement
Authors: Wang Kunpeng , Lu Wenjing , Liu Peng , Yao Juan , Li Huafeng 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAlthough current attention‐based speech enhancement methods have been proven to be capable of significantly improving the noise reduction performance, a bottleneck has arisen in juggling both detailed features and high‐level features: The more attention paid to such performance indicators as speech intelligibility index and articulation index will lead to the loss of subtle features such as syllable continuity and timbre distortion. To tackle such a problem, we divide the speech enhancement model into multiple stages, with a special attention mechanism introduced in each stage so that the detailed speech information is retained and the features of high levels are captured. In this research, a Multi‐Stage Attention Network (MSANet) is implemented in cascade by using three different attention modules: Self Attention, Channel Attention and Spatial Attention. The attention module in each stage needs only to focus on the features of its corresponding stage, thus giving full play to their respective advantages without affecting or damaging the features of other stages, helping decouple the feature extraction process and obtaining the features capable of complementing one another. The comparisons and ablation experiments show that the performance of MSANet is superior to those of current mainstream time domain or time‐frequency domain state‐of‐the‐art methods. Compared to the baseline, PESQ score of their model (3.11) has increased by 5%, CSIG (4.44) has increased by 2.5%, CBAK (3.63) has increased by 2.8% and COVL (3.81) has increased by 3.8%, which demonstrates the potential of MSANet as speech feature extraction backbones. An implementation of the PyTorch version is available here: http://www.msp‐lab.cn:1436/msp/MSANet.
A Blinded Comparative Study of Four Commercially Available LEDs and a Laser Light Curing Device
Authors: Comisi John C. , Maucoski Cristiane , Beller Jonathan P. , Dennis Kyle S. , Price Richard B. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Objective This study determined the effectiveness of five light-curing units (LCUs; four light-emitting diode [LED] and one laser) used on different settings to photo-activate four conventional resin-based composites (RBCs).
Materials and Methods A total of 108 RBC specimens were photo-activated in a white Delrin mold representing a mesial-occlusal-distal (MOD) class II restoration in a molar tooth. The proximal boxes were 5 mm deep, and the mesial-distal length was 12 mm. Immediately after photo-curing, the RBC specimens were immersed in a solvent to remove the uncured materials, after which they were photographed and deidentified. A Research Electronic Data Capture survey was created using these images and sent to respondents who blindly assessed the ability of the various LCUs to photo-cure the MOD restorations.
Results There were significant differences in how the five curing lights had cured RBCs. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), pairwise t-test, Welch's one-way ANOVA, and Kruskal–Wallis rank test in the blinded survey data showed significant differences between the LED curing lights used for two 10-second cures and the laser curing light used for 1 second, and LED lights at lower settings.
Conclusion There was a significant difference in how the curing lights could photo-cure the RBCs used in this study. The laser curing light used for 1 second produced the worst results in all four RBCs.
Molecular Docking, Drug-Likeness Analysis, In Silico Pharmacokinetics, and Toxicity Studies of p-Nitrophenyl Hydrazones as Anti-inflammatory Compounds against COX-2, 5-LOX, and H+/K+ ATPase
Authors: Babalola Sodeeq , Igie Nosakhare , Odeyemi Isaiah 
Published: December 2022

AbstractNonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and coxibs are traditional medicines for the treatment of inflammation, yet associated with serious side effects. Hence, the need for discovering novel compounds with valuable clinical benefits is of great importance. In this study, 18 derivatives of p-nitrophenyl hydrazones were docked against COX-2, 5-LOX, and H+/K+ ATPase, followed by predicting their drug-likeness and absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) properties. From the docking analysis, 1-(4-nitrophenyl)-2-[(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)methylidene]hydrazine (3), 4-hydroxy-2-methyl-6-[(2-(4-nitrophenyl)hydraz-1-ylidene)methyl]thiochroman-1,1-dioxide (6), 4-methoxy-2-methyl-6-[(2-(4-nitrophenyl)hydraz-1-ylidene)methyl]thiochroman-1,1-dioxide (8), 2-methyl-6-[(2-(4-nitrophenyl)hydraz-1-ylidene)methyl]-4-(trifluoromethyl)thiochroman-1,1-dioxide (11), 4-[(2-(4-nitrophenyl)hydraz-1-ylidene)methyl]benzenesulfonamide (13), 4-[(2-(4-nitrophenyl)hydraz-1-ylidene)methyl]-3-(trifluoromethyl)benzenesulfonamide (14), 5-methyl-6-{4-[(2-(4-nitrophenyl)hydraz-1-ylidene)methyl]phenyl}-2,3,4,5-tetrahydropyridazin-3-ol (16), and 5-methyl-6-{4-[(2-(4-nitrophenyl)hydraz-1-ylidene)methyl]phenyl}-4,5-dihydropyridazin-3(2H)-one (17) showed promise as potent multi-target inhibitors of COX-2, 5-LOX, and H+/K+ ATPase. These compounds are less COX-2 selective than the control (celecoxib). “Drug-likeness” analysis passed Lipinski's, Egan's, Veber's, Muegge's, and Ghose's rules. The compounds also passed Pfizer and GSK rules, as well as golden triangle's rule for identification of potent and metabolically stable drugs. The pharmacokinetic profiles of the compounds were excellent, safe, and compliant with their potential anti-inflammatory activity. The results of the study can be used for future optimization of those derivatives for better molecular interactions against COX-2, 5-LOX, and H+/K+ ATPase, and inflammation-effective inhibition.
A Case of Quadrigeminal Variant of Perimesencephalic Nonaneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Authors: Dobhal Heena , Chandana Sanjog Lalsinbhai , Singh A.K. , Pathak H.C. , Thakur A.M. , Saraswat K.B. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe incidence of perimesencephalic subarachnoid hemorrhage (PMSAH) is rare, 0.5 in 100,000 adults. It comprises 5 to 10% of all SAHs and approximately 33% of all nonaneurysmal SAH. Quadrigeminal SAH is a variant of perimesencephalic nonaneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (PMNASAH) that is not well described in the literature. It may comprise up to one-fifth of PMNASAH cases and carries a similar benign prognosis. This variant of PMSAH is characterized by blood centered in the quadrigeminal cistern and limited to the superior vermian and posterior perimesencephalic cisterns. Noncontrast computed tomography of the brain is the initial investigation of choice, while four-vessel cerebral angiogram is the gold standard for the diagnosis of SAH.We report a case at our institute.
First demonstration of a fiber optic bolometer on a tokamak plasma (invited)
Authors: Lee S. , Shafer M. , Reinke M. , Uddin N. , Sheng Q. , Han M. , Donovan D. , O’Neill R. 
Published: December 2022

A fiber optic bolometer (FOB) was demonstrated observing a fusion plasma for the first time at the DIII-D tokamak. A FOB uses a fiber optics-based interferometric technique that is designed to have a high sensitivity to temperature changes [75 mK/(W/m2) responsivity in high vacuum with 0.38 mK noise level] with a negligible susceptibility to electromagnetic interference (EMI) that can be problematic for resistive bolometers in a tokamak environment. A single-channel test apparatus was installed on DIII-D consisting of a measurement FOB and shielded reference FOB. The single-channel FOB showed a negligible increase in the noise level during typical plasma operations (0.39 mK) compared to the benchtop results (0.38 mK), confirming an insignificant EMI impact to the FOB. Comparisons to DIII-D resistive bolometers showed good agreement with the single-channel FOB, indicating that the FOB is comparable to a resistive bolometer when the impulse calibration is applied. The noise-equivalent power density of the calibrated FOB during a plasma operation was 0.55 W/m2 with an average sampling time of 20 ms. The major potential effect of ionizing radiation on the FOB would be the radiation-induced attenuation, which can be efficiently compensated for by adjusting the probing light power.
SPOP loss of function protects against tauopathy
Authors: Eck Randall J. , Kow Rebecca L. , Black Aristide H. , Liachko Nicole F. , Kraemer Brian C. 
Published: December 2022

The pathological accumulation of the microtubule binding protein tau drives age-related neurodegeneration in a variety of disorders, collectively called tauopathies. In the most common tauopathy, Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the accumulation of pathological tau strongly correlates with cognitive decline. The underlying molecular mechanisms that drive neurodegeneration in tauopathies remain incompletely understood and no effective disease modifying pharmacological interventions currently exist. Here, we show that tau toxicity depends on the highly conserved nuclear E3 ubiquitin ligase adaptor protein SPOP in aCaenorhabditis elegansmodel of tauopathy. Loss of function mutations in theC. elegans spop-1gene significantly improves behavioral deficits in tau transgenic animals, while neuronal overexpression of SPOP-1 protein significantly worsens behavioral deficits. In addition, loss ofspop-1rescues a variety of tau-related phenotypes including the accumulation of total and phosphorylated tau protein, neurodegeneration, and shortened lifespan. Knockdown of SPOP-1’s E3 ubiquitin ligasecul-3/Cullin3 does not improve tauopathy suggesting a non-degradative mechanism of action for SPOP-1. Suppression of disease-related phenotypes occurs independently of the nuclear speckle resident poly(A)-binding protein SUT-2/MSUT2. MSUT2 modifies tauopathy in mammalian neurons and in AD. Our work identifies SPOP as a novel modifier of tauopathy and a conceptual pathway for therapeutic intervention.
Inhibition of GPR39 restores defects in endothelial cell–mediated neovascularization under the duress of chronic hyperglycemia: Evidence for regulatory roles of the sonic hedgehog signaling axis
Authors: Meda Venkata Sai Pranathi , Li Hainan , Xu Liping , Koh Jia Yi , Nguyen Huong , Minjares Morgan , Li Chunying , Kowluru Anjaneyulu , Milligan Graeme , Wang Jie-Mei 
Published: December 2022

Impaired endothelial cell (EC)–mediated angiogenesis contributes to critical limb ischemia in diabetic patients. The sonic hedgehog (SHH) pathway participates in angiogenesis but is repressed in hyperglycemia by obscure mechanisms. We investigated the orphan G protein–coupled receptor GPR39 on SHH pathway activation in ECs and ischemia-induced angiogenesis in animals with chronic hyperglycemia. Human aortic ECs from healthy and type 2 diabetic (T2D) donors were cultured in vitro. GPR39 mRNA expression was significantly elevated in T2D. The EC proliferation, migration, and tube formation were attenuated by adenovirus-mediated GPR39 overexpression (Ad-GPR39) or GPR39 agonist TC-G-1008 in vitro. The production of proangiogenic factors was reduced by Ad-GPR39. Conversely, human ECs transfected with GPR39 siRNA or the mouse aortic ECs isolated from GPR39 global knockout (GPR39
KO
) mice displayed enhanced migration and proliferation compared with their respective controls. GPR39 suppressed the basal and ligand-dependent activation of the SHH effector GLI1, leading to attenuated EC migration. Coimmunoprecipitation revealed that the GPR39 direct binding of the suppressor of fused (SUFU), the SHH pathway endogenous inhibitor, may achieve this. Furthermore, in ECs with GPR39 knockdown, the robust GLI1 activation and EC migration were abolished by SUFU overexpression. In a chronic diabetic model of diet-induced obesity (DIO) and low-dose streptozotocin (STZ)-induced hyperglycemia, the GPR39
KO
mice demonstrated a faster pace of revascularization from hind limb ischemia and lower incidence of tissue necrosis than GPR39 wild-type (GPR39
WT
) counterparts. These findings have provided a conceptual framework for developing therapeutic tools that ablate or inhibit GPR39 for ischemic tissue repair under metabolic stress.
Kidney-resident innate-like memory γδ T cells control chronic
Staphylococcus aureus
infection of mice
Authors: Bertram Tabea , Reimers Daniel , Lory Niels C. , Schmidt Constantin , Schmid Joanna , C. Heinig Lisa , Bradtke Peter , Rattay Guido , Zielinski Stephanie , Hellmig Malte , Bartsch Patricia , Rohde Holger , Nuñez Sarah , Rosemblatt Mariana V. , Bono Maria Rosa , Gagliani Nicola , Sandrock Inga , Panzer Ulf , Krebs Christian F. , Meyer-Schwesinger Catherine , Prinz Immo , Mittrücker Hans-Willi 
Published: December 2022

γδ T cells are involved in the control of
Staphylococcus aureus
infection, but their importance in protection compared to other T cells is unclear. We used a mouse model of systemic
S. aureus
infection associated with high bacterial load and persistence in the kidney. Infection caused fulminant accumulation of γδ T cells in the kidney. Renal γδ T cells acquired tissue residency and were maintained in high numbers during chronic infection. At day 7, up to 50% of renal γδ T cells produced IL-17A in situ and a large fraction of renal γδ T cells remained IL-17A
+
during chronic infection. Controlled depletion revealed that γδ T cells restricted renal
S. aureus
replication in the acute infection and provided protection during chronic renal infection and upon reinfection. Our results demonstrate that kidney-resident γδ T cells are nonredundant in limiting local
S. aureus
growth during chronic infection and provide enhanced protection against reinfection.