bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatiotemporal differences in dominant drivers of streamflow evolution on the Loess Plateau
Authors: Zhang Qiufen , Lv Xizhi , Ni Yongxin , Ma Li , Wang Jianwei , Zhu Desheng , Wang Shaoye 
Published: June 2023

Previous studies have found that climate change and underlying surface change are the most direct and important drivers of the streamflow change in the Yellow River Basin. However, there are significant spatial differences in climate and underlying surface in the Yellow River Basin, especially in the Loess Plateau, attribution analysis of runoff evolution in the Loess Plateau from the perspective of spatial heterogeneity was rarely reported. Therefore, in order to further reveal the causes of runoff evolution in the Loess Plateau, this study have quantitatively revealed the spatial differences of climate and underlying surface changes driving streamflow changes in 34 main Loess Plateau basins from 1956 to 2020 basing on the Budyko equation with fixed parameters. Results show that the streamflow on the Loess Plateau decreased significantly from 1956 to 2020, and streamflow decreased by 17.19 mm (26.95%) after abrupt change in 1990. The sensitivity coefficients of streamflow change on the Loess Plateau to precipitation, potential evapotranspiration and underlying surface parameters are 0.30, −0.08 and −69.26 respectively. The contributions of precipitation, potential evapotranspiration and underlying surface change to streamflow change were 26.24%, 2.15% and 73.01%, respectively, and showed significant spatiotemporal differences. The spatial variability of streamflow is mainly controlled by underlying surface. For 29 of the whole 34 tributaries, underlying surface change was the dominant driver of streamflow change with the contribution of 52.50%–98.22%. The temporal variability of streamflow on the Loess Plateau is mainly controlled by precipitation. The wetter the climate is, the more sensitive of the streamflow changes are to climate change. And the smaller the underlying surface parameters are, the more sensitive the streamflow changes are to the underlying surface change. The results further deepen our understanding for the response of streamflow to climate and underlying surface changes in the Loess Plateau and can provide theoretical support for systematic regulation of basin water resources in the future.
Impact of land loss on academic performance among rural adolescents in China: based on cognition-investment-performance framework
Authors: Hua Jing , Li Ruining 
Published: June 2023

Introduction: As an exclusive group resulting from land requisition and demolition during the process of urbanization, the education of children belonging to land-loss farming families has received worldwide attention. However, few studies have explored the mechanisms and effects of land loss on adolescents’ academic performance.Method: Using 5,133 family samples in 2014 and 3,810 family samples in 2018 from China Family Panel Studies (CFPS), this study employed the PSM-DID and KHB models to explore the impact of land loss on the academic performance of rural adolescents.Results: The findings indicate that compared to non-land-loss families, the academic performances of adolescents in the land-loss families were lower. Additionally, land-loss families have a lower awareness of educational value. This verifies the logical mechanism of “land loss→ family education cognition→ family human capital investment→ adolescents’ academic performance.” Gender differences exist in the negative effects of land loss on adolescents’ academic performance; land loss has a greater impact on boys.Discussion: The government should strengthen the training system for land-loss farmers, improve the social security system and state of female-led families, and focus on boys affected by land loss.
Pharmacological and non-pharmacological countermeasures to Space Motion Sickness: a systematic review
Authors: Khalid Akil , Prusty Pragnya P. , Arshad Iqra , Gustafson Hannah E. , Jalaly Isra , Nockels Keith , Bentley Barry L. , Goel Rahul , Ferrè Elisa R. 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionSpace Motion Sickness (SMS) is a syndrome that affects around 70% of astronauts and includes symptoms of nausea, dizziness, fatigue, vertigo, headaches, vomiting, and cold sweating. Consequences range from discomfort to severe sensorimotor and cognitive incapacitation, which might cause potential problems for mission-critical tasks and astronauts and cosmonauts' well-being. Both pharmacological and non-pharmacological countermeasures have been proposed to mitigate SMS. However, their effectiveness has not been systematically evaluated. Here we present the first systematic review of published peer-reviewed research on the effectiveness of pharmacological and non-pharmacological countermeasures to SMS.MethodsWe performed a double-blind title and abstract screening using the online Rayyan collaboration tool for systematic reviews, followed by a full-text screening. Eventually, only 23 peer-reviewed studies underwent data extraction.ResultsBoth pharmacological and non-pharmacological countermeasures can help mitigate SMS symptoms.DiscussionNo definitive recommendation can be given regarding the superiority of any particular countermeasure approach. Importantly, there is considerable heterogeneity in the published research methods, lack of a standardized assessment approach, and small sample sizes. To allow for consistent comparisons between SMS countermeasures in the future, standardized testing protocols for spaceflight and ground-based analogs are needed. We believe that the data should be made openly available, given the uniqueness of the environment in which it is collected.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021244131.
Revitalizing quality of life: a case report on the beneficial impact of comprehensive rehabilitation therapy in treating upper-limb lymphedema following breast cancer surgery
Authors: Sui Yan-Fang , Tong Lang-Qian , Lin Xia-Fei , Wu Hai-Xia , Shi Jing-Qin , Wang Shan-Shan , Tang Bu-He , Song Zhen-Hua 
Published: June 2023

ObjectiveTo underscore the paramount significance of incorporating comprehensive rehabilitation therapy as a crucial aspect of managing lymphedema caused by breast cancer surgery, and to illuminate our first-hand experience and insights gained in utilizing this approach.MethodsWe present a case report of a breast cancer survivor who had been suffering from persistent left upper-limb edema for over 15 years, who was effectively treated with a combination of conventional rehabilitation (seven-step decongestion therapy) and a comprehensive rehabilitation program (seven-step decongestion therapy, along with core and respiratory function training, as well as functional brace wearing). The efficacy of the rehabilitation therapy was evaluated through a comprehensive assessmentResultsAlthough the patient underwent the conventional rehabilitation program for one month, only limited improvement was observed. However, after an additional month of comprehensive rehabilitation treatment, the patient exhibited significant improvement in both lymphedema and the overall function of the left upper limb. The patient’s progress was quantified by measuring the reduction in arm circumference, which demonstrated a notable decrease. Furthermore, improvements in joint range of motion were observed, with forward flexion of the shoulder enhancing by 10°, forward flexion improving by 15°, and elbow flexion increasing by 10°. In addition, manual muscular strength tests revealed an increase in strength from Grade 4 to Grade 5. The patient’s quality of life was also significantly improved, as evidenced by the increase in the Activities of Daily Living score from 95 to 100 points, the increase in the the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy: Breast score from 53 to 79 points, and the decrease in the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale score from 24 to 17 points.ConclusionWhile seven-step decongestion therapy has been shown to be effective in reducing upper-limb lymphedema caused by breast cancer surgery, it has limitations in treating more chronic cases of the condition. However, when combined with core and respiratory function training and functional brace wearing, seven-step decongestion therapy has been shown to be even more effective in reducing lymphedema and improving limb function, ultimately leading to significant improvements in quality of life.
Lung cancer screening beliefs in Armenia
Authors: Chu Nathan , Tupper Haley , Galoyan Tamara , Lulejian Armine , Dickhoner James , Hovhannisyan Marine , Shekherdimian Shant 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionIn Armenia, an upper-middle income country, 93% of deaths are from non-communicable diseases and over half of the male population smokes. Armenia has more than double the global lung cancer incidence. Over 80% of lung cancer is diagnosed at stages III or IV. However, there is a significant mortality benefit in detecting early-stage lung cancer via screening with low-dose computed tomography.MethodsThis study employed a rigorously-translated, previously-validated survey based on the Expanded Health Belief Model to understand how Armenian male smokers’ beliefs would affect lung cancer screening participation.ResultsSurvey responses highlighted key health beliefs that would mediate screening participation. Most respondents felt they were at risk for lung cancer, but over 50% also believed their cancer risk was equivalent to (or less than) non-smokers’ risk. Respondents also overwhelmingly agreed a scan could help detect cancer earlier, but fewer agreed early detection could reduce cancer mortality. Important barriers included absence of symptoms and costs of screening and treatment.DiscussionOverall, the potential to reduce lung cancer-related deaths in Armenia is high, but there are a number of central health beliefs and barriers that would limit screening uptake and effectiveness. Improved health education, careful consideration of socioeconomic screening barriers, and appropriate screening recommendations may be useful in overcoming these beliefs.
LncRNA AL161431.1 predicts prognosis and drug response in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Zhou Mingzhu , Mao Mingyu , Yang Fan , Zhou Tao , Zhou Liuqing , Li Yuncheng 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundLong non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are increasingly recognized as essential players in various biological processes due to their interactions with DNA, RNA, and protein. Emerging studies have demonstrated lncRNAs as prognostic biomarkers in multiple cancers. However, the prognostic effect of lncRNA AL161431.1 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients has not been reported.MethodsIn the present study, we conducted a series of analyses to identify and validate the prognostic value of lncRNA AL161431.1 in HNSCC, which included differential lncRNAs screening, survival analysis, Cox regression analysis, time ROCanalysis, nomogram prediction, enrichment analysis, tumor infiltration of immune cells, drug sensitivity analysis, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).ResultsIn this study, we performed a comprehensive survival and predictive analysis and demonstrated that AL161431.1 was an independent prognostic factor of HNSCC, for which a high AL161431.1 level indicated poor survival in HNSCC. Functional enrichment analyses found that cell growth and immune-related pathways were significantly enriched in HNSCC, suggesting that AL161431.1 may play a role in tumor development and tumor microenvironment (TME). AL161431.1-related immune cells infiltration analysis demonstrated that AL161431.1 expression is significantly positively associated with M0 macrophages in HNSCC (P&lt;0.001). Using "OncoPredict", we recognized chemotherapy drugs sensitive to the high expression group. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed to identify the expression level of AL161431.1 in HNSCC, and the results further validated our findings.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that AL161431.1 is a reliable prognostic marker for HNSCC and can potentially be an effective therapeutic target.
Ethyl gallate isolated from phenol-enriched fraction of Caesalpinia mimosoides Lam. Promotes cutaneous wound healing: a scientific validation through bioassay-guided fractionation
Authors: Bhat Pradeep , Patil Vishal S. , Anand Ashish , Bijjaragi Subhas , Hegde Ganesh R. , Hegde Harsha V. , Roy Subarna 
Published: June 2023

The tender shoots of Caesalpinia mimosoides Lam. are used ethnomedically by the traditional healers of Uttara Kannada district, Karnataka (India) for the treatment of wounds. The current study was aimed at exploring phenol-enriched fraction (PEF) of crude ethanol extract of tender shoots to isolate and characterize the most active bio-constituent through bioassay-guided fractionation procedure. The successive fractionation and sub-fractionation of PEF, followed by in vitro scratch wound, antimicrobial, and antioxidant activities, yielded a highly active natural antioxidant compound ethyl gallate (EG). In vitro wound healing potentiality of EG was evidenced by a significantly higher percentage of cell migration in L929 fibroblast cells (97.98 ± 0.46% at 3.81 μg/ml concentration) compared to a positive control group (98.44 ± 0.36%) at the 48th hour of incubation. A significantly higher rate of wound contraction (98.72 ± 0.41%), an elevated tensile strength of the incised wound (1,154.60 ± 1.42 g/mm2), and increased quantity of connective tissue elements were observed in the granulation tissues of the 1% EG ointment treated animal group on the 15th post-wounding day. The accelerated wound healing activity of 1% EG was also exhibited by histopathological examinations through Hematoxylin and Eosin, Masson’s trichome, and Toluidine blue-stained sections. Significant up-regulation of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant contents (reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase, and catalase) and down-regulation of oxidative stress marker (lipid peroxidation) clearly indicates the effective granular antioxidant activity of 1% EG in preventing oxidative damage to the skin tissues. Further, in vitro antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of EG supports the positive correlation with its enhanced wound-healing activity. Moreover, molecular docking and dynamics for 100 ns revealed the stable binding of EG with cyclooxygenase-2 (−6.2 kcal/mol) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (−4.6 kcal/mol) and unstable binding with tumor necrosis factor-α (−7.2 kcal/mol), suggesting the potential applicability of EG in inflammation and wound treatment.
Creating a model of cross-task motivation — A meta-narrative review of the literature on dynamic motivation
Authors: Feyer Frida K. 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionSubstantial research on job motivation over the years has identified motivation to be essential to work outcomes such as wellbeing, attitudes, and performance. Yet, research on job motivation addressing temporal influences has been sparse. Existing research has addressed job motivation as an aggregation of the motivation for tasks, ignoring the possibility of temporal effects where the motivation for one task affects motivation in a subsequent task. The current meta-narrative review analyzes existing research on task motivation and synthesizes findings into a model of cross-task motivation.MethodsUsing a predetermined search strategy, a systematic search yielded 1,635 documents of which 17 were selected. Papers were analyzed using a meta-narrative approach according to RAMSES publication standards.ResultsFour key meta-narratives were identified, contributing information from different research traditions; (1) restoration effects after need frustration, (2) intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, (3) cognitive carryover effects, and (4) meaning of work. Synthesizing findings from these meta-narratives, a meta-theoretical model for understanding cross-task motivation was proposed.DiscussionThis model provides an extension of existing motivational theories elucidating temporal motivational processes. Implications for practitioners include the possibility of arranging jobs to maximize positive motivational outcomes.
A transdiagnostic approach to negative symptoms: exploring factor structure and negative symptoms in bipolar disorders
Authors: Ihler Henrik Myhre , Lyngstad Siv Hege , Mørch-Johnsen Lynn Egeland , Lagerberg Trine Vik , Melle Ingrid , Romm Kristin Lie 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundNegative symptoms are increasingly recognized as transdiagnostic phenomena, linked to reduced quality of life and functioning, and often caused or worsened by amendable external factors such as depression, social deprivation, side-effects of antipsychotics or substance use. The structure of negative symptoms fits into two dimensions: diminished expression and apathy. These may differ in association with external factors that influence their severity and may thus require different treatment approaches. The dimensions are comprehensively established in non-affective psychotic disorders but are understudied in bipolar disorders.MethodsWe conducted exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses in a sample of 584 individuals with bipolar disorder to assess the latent factor structure of negative symptoms as measured by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), and performed correlational analyses and multiple hierarchical regression analyses to investigate links between the two dimensions of negative symptoms and clinical and sociodemographic correlates.ResultsThe latent factor structure of negative symptoms fits into two dimensions, i.e., diminished expression and apathy. A diagnosis of bipolar type I or a history of psychotic episodes predicted more severe levels of diminished expression. Depressive symptoms were associated with more severe negative symptoms across dimensions, yet 26.3% of euthymic individuals still displayed at least one mild or more severe negative symptom (PANSS score ≥ 3).DiscussionThe two-dimensional structure of negative symptoms seen in non-affective psychotic disorders reproduces in bipolar disorders indicating similarities in their phenomenology. Diminished expression was associated with a history of psychotic episodes and a diagnosis of BD-I, which may infer closer connections to psychosis liability. We found significantly less severe negative symptoms in euthymic than depressed participants. Nevertheless, more than a quarter of the euthymic individuals had at least one mild negative symptom, demonstrating some degree of persistence beyond depressed states.
Impact of multi-source data augmentation on performance of convolutional neural networks for abnormality classification in mammography
Authors: Hwang InChan , Trivedi Hari , Brown-Mulry Beatrice , Zhang Linglin , Nalla Vineela , Gastounioti Aimilia , Gichoya Judy , Seyyed-Kalantari Laleh , Banerjee Imon , Woo MinJae 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionTo date, most mammography-related AI models have been trained using either film or digital mammogram datasets with little overlap. We investigated whether or not combining film and digital mammography during training will help or hinder modern models designed for use on digital mammograms.MethodsTo this end, a total of six binary classifiers were trained for comparison. The first three classifiers were trained using images only from Emory Breast Imaging Dataset (EMBED) using ResNet50, ResNet101, and ResNet152 architectures. The next three classifiers were trained using images from EMBED, Curated Breast Imaging Subset of Digital Database for Screening Mammography (CBIS-DDSM), and Digital Database for Screening Mammography (DDSM) datasets. All six models were tested only on digital mammograms from EMBED.ResultsThe results showed that performance degradation to the customized ResNet models was statistically significant overall when EMBED dataset was augmented with CBIS-DDSM/DDSM. While the performance degradation was observed in all racial subgroups, some races are subject to more severe performance drop as compared to other races.DiscussionThe degradation may potentially be due to (
1) a mismatch in features between film-based and digital mammograms (
2) a mismatch in pathologic and radiological information. In conclusion, use of both film and digital mammography during training may hinder modern models designed for breast cancer screening. Caution is required when combining film-based and digital mammograms or when utilizing pathologic and radiological information simultaneously.
A robust radiomic-based machine learning approach to detect cardiac amyloidosis using cardiac computed tomography
Authors: Lo Iacono Francesca , Maragna Riccardo , Pontone Gianluca , Corino Valentina D. A. 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionCardiac amyloidosis (CA) shares similar clinical and imaging characteristics (e.g., hypertrophic phenotype) with aortic stenosis (AS), but its prognosis is generally worse than severe AS alone. Recent studies suggest that the presence of CA is frequent (1 out of 8 patients) in patients with severe AS. The coexistence of the two diseases complicates the prognosis and therapeutic management of both conditions. Thus, there is an urgent need to standardize and optimize the diagnostic process of CA and AS. The aim of this study is to develop a robust and reliable radiomics-based pipeline to differentiate the two pathologies.MethodsThirty patients were included in the study, equally divided between CA and AS. For each patient, a cardiac computed tomography (CCT) was analyzed by extracting 107 radiomics features from the LV wall. Feature robustness was evaluated by means of geometrical transformations to the ROIs and intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) computation. Various correlation thresholds (0.80, 0.85, 0.90, 0.95, 1), feature selection methods [p-value, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), semi-supervised LASSO, principal component analysis (PCA), semi-supervised PCA, sequential forwards selection] and machine learning classifiers (k-nearest neighbors, support vector machine, decision tree, logistic regression and gradient boosting) were assessed using a leave-one-out cross-validation. Data augmentation was performed using the synthetic minority oversampling technique. Finally, explainability analysis was performed by using the SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) method.ResultsNinety-two radiomic features were selected as robust and used in the further steps. Best performances of classification were obtained using a correlation threshold of 0.95, PCA (keeping 95% of the variance, corresponding to 9 PCs) and support vector machine classifier reaching an accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of 0.93. Four PCs were found to be mainly dependent on textural features, two on first-order statistics and three on shape and size features.ConclusionThese preliminary results show that radiomics might be used as non-invasive tool able to differentiate CA from AS using clinical routine available images.