bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Improved Procedure for Aryne Generation from o‐Triazenylarylboronic Acids through One‐Pot Boronate Formation/Silica Gel Treatment
Authors: Ito Motoki , Yamazaki Haruna , Ito Aguri , Oda Ryuhei , Komiya Moeka , Higuchi Kazuhiro , Sugiyama Shigeo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe have developed an improved method for generating aryne from o‐triazenylarylboronic acids. Unlike the previous method that required excess o‐triazenylarylboronic acids as aryne precursors, we used corresponding boronates as limiting reagents, which resulted in high yields. By combining the formation of boronates and aryne generation through silica gel treatment in one‐pot, we were able to effectively use a wide range of o‐triazenylarylboronic acids in reactions with various arynophiles. This one‐pot method was particularly suitable for transforming complex aryne precursors with different functional groups.
Task‐dependent functional connectivity of pain is associated with the magnitude of placebo analgesia in pain‐free individuals
Authors: Bush Nicholas J. , Boissoneault Jeff , Letzen Janelle , Staud Roland , Robinson Michael E. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundTask‐based functional connectivity (FC) of pain‐related regions resulting from expectancy‐based placebo induction has yet to be examined, limiting our understanding of regions and networks associated with placebo analgesia.MethodsFifty‐five healthy pain‐free adults over 18 (M = 22.8 years, SD = 7.75) were recruited (65.5% women; 63.6% non‐Hispanic/Latino/a/x; 58.2% White). Participants completed a baseline followed by a placebo session involving the topical application of an inactive cream in the context of an expectancy‐enhancing instruction set. Noxious heat stimuli were applied to the thenar eminence of the right palm using an fMRI‐safe thermode. Stimulus intensity was individually calibrated to produce pain ratings of approximately 40 on a 100‐point visual analogue scale.ResultsA total of 67.3% of the participants showed a reduction in pain intensity in the placebo condition with an average reduction in pain across the whole sample of 12.7%. Expected pain intensity was associated with reported pain intensity in the placebo session (b = 0.32, p = 0.004, R2 = 0.15). Voxel‐wise analyses indicated seven clusters with significant activation during noxious heat stimulation at baseline (pFDR < 0.05). Generalized psychophysiological interaction analysis suggested that placebo‐related FC changes between middle frontal gyrus‐superior parietal lobule during noxious stimulation were significantly associated with the magnitude of pain reduction (pFDR < 0.05).ConclusionsResults suggest that stronger expectancy‐based placebo responses might be underpinned by greater FC among attentional and somatosensory regions.SignificanceThis article provides support and insight for task‐dependent functional connectivity differences related to the magnitude of placebo analgesia. Our findings provide key support that the magnitude of expectation‐based placebo response depends on the coupling of regions associated with somatosensory and attentional processing.
Communication of pain intensity and unpleasantness through magnitude ratings: Influence of scale type, but not gender of the participant
Authors: Nahman‐Averbuch Hadas , Hughes Cassidy , Hoeppli Marie‐Eve , White Kristina , Peugh James , Leon Eric , King Christopher D. , Coghill Robert C. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundA critical aspect for most human pain research is the ability of participants to communicate their first‐person, experiential perspective to a third‐person observer. This communication is frequently accomplished via pain ratings. The scale type can influence the communication of pain experiences and can contribute to gender differences in pain. This study examined the role of gender on pain ratings using noxious and innocuous stimuli across two types of rating scales.MethodsHealthy participants (n = 46) underwent noxious heat, auditory and visual stimulation paradigms. Pain intensity and unpleasantness ratings were collected using the visual analogue scale (VAS) and numerical rating scale (NRS). To determine if one rating scale allows a better report of small differences between different stimulus intensities, the sensitivity to small differences was calculated.ResultsSignificant effects for rating scale were found for all stimulus modalities (noxious heat, auditory and visual, p < 0.001) with higher intensity and unpleasantness ratings for the NRS compared to the VAS. Overall, no effects of gender or interactions with gender were found. No differences in rating scale and gender were detected for sensitivity to small differences between stimuli.ConclusionsThese findings confirm differences in rating scale usage; however, the different usage might not contribute significantly to gender differences in pain.SignificanceThere are differences in the usage of rating scales in which ratings for auditory, visual and noxious somatosensory stimuli are higher with NRS compared to VAS. Choosing a rating scale for research or clinical use should take this different item functioning into account.
Climate change attention and carbon futures return prediction
Authors: Gong Xu , Li Mengjie , Guan Keqin , Sun Chuanwang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study explores the predictive effect of climate change attention on carbon futures returns. Using climate‐related Google Trends and news, we construct five dimensions of the public climate attention index and media climate attention index. After feature selection, we incorporate the optimized combination with lagged order into the machine learning model to predict EU Emission Allowance futures returns. Our empirical results show that the forecasting models with climate attention outperform the corresponding benchmark models, indicating that climate attention does provide predictive information for carbon futures returns. In addition, we carry out trading simulations to investigate the economic performance of the forecast results. It turns out that the market strategies based on the prediction models with climate attention can deliver more benefits than the counterpart market strategies. More specifically, the cumulative returns reach 140% during the out‐of‐sample period, much higher than 79% of the cumulative returns of the buy‐and‐hold strategy.
Trainee doctors' preparedness for clinical work in geriatric psychiatry: A survey on 18 preliminary entrustable professional activities
Authors: Lerch Seraina Petra , Pinilla Severin , Nendaz Mathieu , Klöppel Stefan , Huwendiek Sören 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundResearch concerning transitions from one rotation to another during medical specialist training is scarce. This study examined trainee doctors' perceived preparedness for core clinical activities, trainee doctors' preparedness levels, and general perceptions of medical specialist training in geriatric psychiatry.MethodSwiss trainee doctors in geriatric psychiatry were surveyed about their perceived preparedness for 18 preliminary entrustable professional activities (EPAs), curricular support, and general perceptions of their medical specialist training. Closed questions were analysed using descriptive statistics, while open questions were subjected to content analysis.ResultsThe participants comprised 48 trainee doctors (30.4% response rate) who differed in their educational experience (years of residency and specialism) and clinical subspecialisation goals. Trainee doctors felt adequately prepared for most EPAs but less prepared for some, including electroconvulsive therapy, psychotherapy, and treating older adults in the home environment or residential facilities. Despite the trainee doctors' diversity, they did not differ significantly in perceived preparedness for most EPAs. The most often offered suggestions for improving geriatric psychiatry training were intensified clinical supervision and a structured induction programme.ConclusionTrainee doctors reported that they felt sufficiently prepared for most EPAs, regardless of their backgrounds and professional goals. However, several professional activities in geriatric psychiatry warrant further training. Our findings indicate the need for a higher intensity of clinical supervision (e.g. more direct observation and specific feedback), the introduction of structured induction programmes (e.g. orientation week), and specific teachings (e.g. on neurocognitive assessment).
Mechanisms and strategies for safe chimeric antigen receptor T‐cell activity control
Authors: Stock Sophia , Klüver Anna‐Kristina , Fertig Luisa , Menkhoff Vivien D. , Subklewe Marion , Endres Stefan , Kobold Sebastian 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe clinical application of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T‐cell therapy has rapidly changed the treatment options for terminally ill patients with defined blood‐borne cancer types. However, CAR T‐cell therapy can lead to severe therapy‐associated toxicities including CAR‐related hematotoxicity, ON‐target OFF‐tumor toxicity, cytokine release syndrome (CRS) or immune effector cell‐associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS). Just as CAR T‐cell therapy has evolved regarding receptor design, gene transfer systems and production protocols, the management of side effects has also improved. However, because of measures taken to abrogate adverse events, CAR T‐cell viability and persistence might be impaired before complete remission can be achieved. This has fueled efforts for the development of extrinsic and intrinsic strategies for better control of CAR T‐cell activity. These approaches can mediate a reversible resting state or irreversible T‐cell elimination, depending on the route chosen. Control can be passive or active. By combination of CAR T‐cells with T‐cell inhibiting compounds, pharmacologic control, mostly independent of the CAR construct design used, can be achieved. Other strategies involve the genetic modification of T‐cells or further development of the CAR construct by integration of molecular ON/OFF switches such as suicide genes. Alternatively, CAR T‐cell activity can be regulated intracellularly through a self‐regulation function or extracellularly through titration of a CAR adaptor or of a priming small molecule. In this work, we review the current strategies and mechanisms to control activity of CAR T‐cells reversibly or irreversibly for preventing and for managing therapy‐associated toxicities.
Optoacoustic monitoring of bilirubin photodegradation
Authors: Perkov Sergei , Makhortov Mikhail , Grishin Oleg , Perevoschikov Stanislav , Prikhozhdenko Ekaterina S. , Bratashov Daniil , Gorin Dmitry 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHematomas resulted from trauma are very common, and the efficacy of existing treatment techniques is limited. Phototherapy can be used to expedite healing and improve the appearance of the damaged tissue. Efficient phototherapy requires determination of chromophore composition in hematoma, which can be provided by the optoacoustic (OA) technique, as it combines high spatial resolution and optical contrast. Here, we conducted experiments on photodegradation of bilirubin in gelatin slin phantoms. We have demonstrated that the OA technique allows monitoring of bilirubin concentration during photodegradation, and also distinguishing bilirubin concentration in depth. The obtained results suggest that OA monitoring may be used for efficient hematoma phototherapy.
Pathophysiology of Medication‐Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw—A Minireview
Authors: Tetradis Sotirios , Allen Matthew R. , Ruggiero Salvatore L. 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACTMedication‐related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a rare but serious adverse effect of antiresorptive medications administered for control of osseous malignancy, osteoporosis, or other bone metabolic diseases. Despite being reported in the literature two decades ago, MRONJ etiology, pathophysiology, and progression remain largely unknown, and current nonoperative or operative treatment strategies are mostly empirical. Several hypotheses that attempt to explain the mechanisms of MRONJ pathogenesis have been proposed. However, none of these hypotheses alone is able to capture the complex mechanistic underpinnings of the disease. In this minireview, we aim to highlight key findings from clinical and translational studies and propose a unifying model for the pathogenesis and progression of MRONJ. We also identify aspects of the disease process that require further investigation and suggest areas for future research efforts toward calibrating methodologic approaches and validating experimental findings. © 2023 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Silencing of FGF6 hampers aerobic glycolysis and angiogenesis in bladder cancer by regulating PI3K/Akt and MAPK signaling pathways
Authors: Zhi Yunlai , Cai Chengkuan , Xu Tianxi , Sun Fanghu , Wang Kun Peng , Ji Zhengshuai , Pei Yuhan , Geng Shen , Wang Hui 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMetabolic abnormalities and uncontrolled angiogenesis are two vital features of malignant tumors. Although fibroblast growth factor 6 (FGF6) is known to promote the proliferation and migration of bladder cancer (BC) cells, its influences on aerobic glycolysis and angiogenesis in BC remain unclear. Gene expression at messenger RNA and protein levels were examined by reverse transcription‐quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analyses, respectively. Lactate production and glucose uptake in BC cells were evaluated by performing aerobic glycolysis assays. A vasculogenic mimicry assay was executed for assessing the angiogenesis of BC cells. The viability, migration, and angiogenesis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) cocultured with supernatants of BC cells were detected using 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, wound healing assay, and tube formation assay. It was found that FGF6 displayed a high level in BC cell lines. Silencing of FGF6 reduced the levels of lactate production, glucose uptake, and the expression of angiogenic factors and glycolytic enzymes in BC cells, which also inhibited the viability and migration of HUVECs. In addition, FGF6 depletion or aerobic glycolysis inhibitor 2‐deoxy‐d‐glucose treatment decreased the total branching length and intersection number of both BC cells and HUVECs. Moreover, glucose or lactate treatment reversed FGF6‐induced suppression of cell viability, migration, tube formation, and vasculogenic mimicry. The activation of the phosphatidylinositol‐3‐kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) and mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways was blocked by silenced FGF6. Furthermore, PI3K/Akt inhibitor (LY2940002) and p38‐MAPK inhibitor (SB203580) inhibited the levels of aerobic glycolysis‐related proteins. In conclusion, FGF6 knockdown suppressed aerobic glycolysis, thereby inhibiting angiogenesis in BC via regulation of the PI3K/Akt and MAPK signaling pathways.
Electrochemical investigation of a facile MoO3/NiO/PdO/Pd nano electrode material for supercapacitor applications
Authors: Shaheen Irum , Ahmad Khuram Shahzad , Zequine Camila , Gupta Ram K. , Thomas Andrew G. , Qureshi Anjum , Malik Mohammad Azad , Niazi Javed H. , Alarifi Saud 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDOwing to the significance of metal oxide nanomaterials for energy storage supercapacitors, sustainable, cost‐effective and scalable synthesis of facile nanomaterials is a great challenge in the current era. Here, we have hydrothermally synthesized and functionalized a facile ternary metal oxides (MoO3/NiO/PdO/Pd) nanomaterial using the green phyto‐organic reducing plus stabilizing reagent Euphorbia cognata Boiss foliar extract (FE). The aqueous‐prepared FE was reacted with metal precursors and during this process, free octodrine and cyclobutanol organic functional groups of FE were incorporated as stabilizing agents.RESULTSThe synthesized MoO3/NiO/PdO/Pd demonstrated an optical band gap energy of 1.6 eV. Supercapacitor measurements of prepared MoO3/NiO/PdO/Pd were carried out on nickel (Ni) foam‐modified electrodes via charge–discharge (GCD), cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). CV measurements have been recorded at the range of scan rates (2–300 mV s−1) and it was found that the nanocomposite‐modified Ni foam showed a specific capacitance of 257 F g−1 at a scanning rate of 2 mV s−1. Furthermore, from the GCD investigation, it was revealed that 175 F g−1 was achieved at 0.5 A g−1 with a discharge current‐based energy density of 7.2 Wh kg−1. The fabricated electrode showed a 0.4 Ω resistance value from the impedance Nyquist plot.CONCLUSIONThe study concluded that the MoO3/NiO/PdO/Pd nanocomposite with the smaller synergistic band gap and catalytic advantage of phytostabilizing agents revealed exceptional capacitive properties, validating its potential as a supercapacitor electrode. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Src family kinases engage differential pathways for encapsulation into extracellular vesicles
Authors: Ye Chenming , Gosser Cade , Runyon Ethan Daniel , Zha Junyi , Cai Jingwen , Beharry Zanna , Bowes Rickman Catherine , Klingeborn Mikael , Liu Yutao , Xie Jin , Cai Houjian 
Published: June 2023

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) are heterogeneous biological nanoparticles secreted by all cell types. Identifying the proteins preferentially encapsulated in secreted EVs will help understand their heterogeneity. Src family kinases including Src and Fyn are a group of tyrosine kinases with fatty acylation modifications and/or multiple lysine residues (contributing charge interaction) at their N‐terminus. Here, we demonstrate that Src and Fyn kinases were preferentially encapsulated in EVs and fatty acylation including myristoylation and palmitoylation facilitated their encapsulation. Genetic loss or pharmacological inhibition of myristoylation suppressed Src and/or Fyn kinase levels in EVs. Similarly, loss of palmitoylation reduced Fyn levels in EVs. Additionally, mutation of lysine at sites 5, 7, and 9 of Src kinase also inhibited the encapsulation of myristoylated Src into EVs. Knockdown of TSG101, which is a protein involved in the endosomal sorting complexes required for transport (ESCRT) protein complex mediated EVs biogenesis and led to a reduction of Src levels in EVs. In contrast, filipin III treatment, which disturbed the lipid raft structure, reduced Fyn kinase levels, but not Src kinase levels in EVs. Finally, elevated levels of Src protein were detected in the serum EVs of host mice carrying constitutively active Src‐mediated prostate tumours in vivo. Collectively, the data suggest that different EVs biogenesis pathways exist and can regulate the encapsulation of specific proteins into EVs. This study provides an understanding of the EVs heterogeneity created by different EVs biogenesis pathways.
Corruption, homelessness and disasters
Authors: Breen Michael , Gillanders Robert , McMullan Caroline 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCorruption is widely believed to contribute to homelessness following a disaster triggered by natural hazards, as it is known to weaken resilience, deplete resources and stifle recovery. We test the association between corruption and post‐disaster homelessness using data from the Emergency Events Database and data on corruption in the construction sector from the World Bank's Enterprise Surveys. Using instrumental variables and other estimation techniques, we find that corruption is associated with significantly more people left homeless following disasters. Corruption in the construction sector appears to be driving this result. These findings underline the importance of tackling corruption and poor construction practices in vulnerable communities.
Assessing environmental conditions associated with spatially varying rainfall structure of North Atlantic tropical cyclones: An object‐based climatological analysis
Authors: Zhou Yao , Zhu Laiyin , Matyas Corene J. , Luan Hui , Tang Jingyin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study utilizes geographic information system‐based shape analyses with spatial regressions to examine the spatial variations in the relationships between North Atlantic TC rain field patterns and the environmental conditions. We measure the area, solidity, dispersion and closure of rain fields associated with North Atlantic tropical cyclones (TCs) during 1998–2014 from satellite‐based rain rate estimates. The potential contributing factors examined include storm intensity, translational speed, sea surface temperature, total precipitable water, upper‐tropospheric divergence, deep‐layer vertical wind shear and distance to land. Spatial metrics of rainfall, TC attributes and environmental conditions are aggregated onto a hexagon grid, and the average values are used in regression models. Spatial autoregressive regression and geographically weighted regression are applied to investigate the relationships between contributing factors and rainfall patterns. Storm intensity is positively correlated with area, solidity and closure and negatively correlated with dispersion. Higher moisture and larger upper‐level divergence contribute to a larger rainfall field with a more dispersed and less solid pattern, especially over the western Gulf and the western Caribbean. Wind shear and storm motion affect rain field patterns differently depending on the juxtaposition and relative magnitude of storm motion and wind shear vectors and thus exhibit more regional variations. This research further highlights the importance of incorporating a spatial component into the research on TC rainfall climatology. An improved understanding of basin‐wide and sub‐basin‐wide relationships between TC rain fields and contributing factors would benefit rainfall forecasting and hazard mitigation.
Modified paper‐based substrates fabricated via electrostatic attraction of gold nanospheres for non‐destructive detection of pesticides based on surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Zhang Yuxin , Qiu Huixin , Huang Yiqun , Miao Junjian , Lai Keqiang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDFlexible surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) substrates such as paper‐based substrates show great potential for rapid detection of residual chemicals on food surfaces. However, controlling the density and distribution of metallic nanoparticles adsorbed on the paper is still challenging.RESULTSThe amount of gold (Au) nanospheres (51 ± 4 nm) attached on the filter paper modified with 3‐aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) was tunable, increasing as the level of APTES (2.5–15.0 g kg−1) applied for paper modification increased. Moreover, the Au nanospheres were relative evenly distributed on the filter paper modified with 2.5–10.0 g kg−1of APTES, which resulted in excellent intra‐ and inter‐reproducibility of SERS signals for pesticides including thiram, diquat dibromide, and paraquat dichloride (relative standard deviation = 2.2–10.1%). The modified paper‐based substrate could be used to detect as low as 0.05–0.2 mg L−1 of pesticides in standard solutions, and as low as 5–20 ng cm−2 of residual pesticides on apple skins with minimum sample pretreatment.CONCLUSIONThis paper‐based substrate with tunable feature for the density and distribution of nanoparticles is applicable for rapid SERS detection of residual pesticides in fruits and vegetables. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.