bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transgenerational effects on body size and survival in Brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis)
Authors: Houle Carolyne , Gossieaux Philippine , Bernatchez Louis , Audet Céline , Garant Dany 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHigher temperatures are now observed in several ecosystems and act as new selective agents that shape traits and fitness of individuals. Transgenerational effects may be important in modulating adaptation of future generations and buffering negative impacts of temperature changes. The potential for these effects may be important in freshwater fish species, as temperature is a key abiotic component of their environment. Yet, still, relatively few studies have assessed the presence and importance of transgenerational effects under natural conditions. The purpose of this study was to test how parental thermal conditions influenced offspring growth and survival following stocking in Brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis). To do so, part of the breeders were exposed to a “cold” treatment while others were exposed to a “warm” treatment during the final steps of gonad maturation (constant 2°C difference between treatments along the seasonal temperature decrease). The impact on offspring of a selection treatment targeting production traits of interest (absence of sexual maturation at 1+, combined with increased growth) in breeders was also evaluated. After 7–8 months of growth in captivity, offspring were stocked in natural lakes. Their growth and survival were assessed about a year later. Offspring from “cold” breeders showed lower survival than those from “warm” breeders and the selection treatment had no effect on survival. However, the selection treatment was linked to lower Fulton's condition index, which, in turn, was positively correlated to survival in lakes. This study highlights the importance of working in ecological/industrial context to fully assess the different impacts of transgenerational effects on traits and survival. Our results also have important implications for stocking practices used to support the sport fishing industry.
How emerging adults navigate the autonomy–connection dialectic with parents via information communication technology (ICT) choices
Authors: Bourdeaux Renee , DiTunnariello Nancy , Platt Carrie Anne 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveOur study explores how emerging adults navigate the tension between autonomy and connection in communication with their parents.BackgroundFor many emerging adults, the first few years outside of the home have come to be defined more by connection than autonomy. Information communication technologies (ICTs) are frequently cited as encouraging this constant contact between parents and emerging adults. Yet emerging adults also use technologies to develop a sense of who they are outside of their family of origin.MethodWe used in‐depth interviews with 21 college students to better understand how emerging adults use ICTs to keep in touch with their parents, how they make sense of mediated connections, and how they navigate autonomy and connection in their justification of ICT options.ResultsParticipants reported communicating with their parents frequently, often daily. Although communication behaviors suggested a privileging of connection over autonomy, participants' explanations of ICT choice invoked autonomy by highlighting personal preferences and compatibility with their busy lifestyle as justification for choosing how or when they would communicate with their parents. Participants also tended to attribute their use of nonpreferred ICTs to external factors such as situational factors and parents' limited technology skills.ConclusionParticipants used ICTs to maintain a connection with their parents during college, but framed the specific ICTs they used to communicate with their parents in terms that emphasized their autonomy as emerging adults. Our study contributes to research on emerging adulthood, family relationships, and technology by providing a new conceptualization of the autonomy and connection dialectic that recognizes how today's technologies have collapsed interpersonal distance.
A guide to the processing and standardization of global palaeoecological data for large‐scale syntheses using fossil pollen
Authors: Flantua Suzette G. A. , Mottl Ondrej , Felde Vivian A. , Bhatta Kuber P. , Birks Hilary H. , Grytnes John‐Arvid , Seddon Alistair W. R. , Birks H. John B. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimPalaeoecological data are crucial for comprehending large‐scale biodiversity patterns and the natural and anthropogenic drivers that influence them over time. Over the last decade, the availability of open‐access research databases of palaeoecological proxies has substantially increased. These databases open the door to research questions needing advanced numerical analyses and modelling based on big‐data compilations. However, compiling and analysing palaeoecological data pose unique challenges that require a guide for producing standardized and reproducible compilations.InnovationWe present a step‐by‐step guide of how to process fossil pollen data into a standardized dataset compilation ready for macroecological and palaeoecological analyses. We describe successive criteria that will enhance the quality of the compilations. Though these criteria are project and research question‐dependent, we discuss the most important assumptions that should be considered and adjusted accordingly. Our guide is accompanied by an R‐workflow—called FOSSILPOL—and corresponding R‐package—called R‐Fossilpol—that provide a detailed protocol ready for interdisciplinary users. We illustrate the workflow by sourcing and processing Scandinavian fossil pollen datasets and show the reproducibility of continental‐scale data processing.Main ConclusionsThe study of biodiversity and macroecological patterns through time and space requires large‐scale syntheses of palaeoecological datasets. The data preparation for such syntheses must be transparent and reproducible. With our FOSSILPOL workflow and R‐package, we provide a protocol for optimal handling of large compilations of fossil pollen datasets and workflow reproducibility. Our workflow is also relevant for the compilation and synthesis of other palaeoecological proxies and as such offers a guide for synthetic and cross‐disciplinary analyses with macroecological, biogeographical and palaeoecological perspectives. However, we emphasize that expertise and informed decisions based on palaeoecological knowledge remain crucial for high‐quality data syntheses and should be strongly embedded in studies that rely on the increasing amount of open‐access palaeoecological data.
Forage intake and nitrogen metabolism of beef cattle grazing palisadegrass‐calopo mixed pasture managed using canopy light interception
Authors: dos Santos Oliveira Jacqueline , Depablos Luis , Homem Bruno Grossi Costa , Ferreira Igor Machado , Boddey Robert Michael , Paiva Adenilson José , Lara Márcio André Stefanelli , Casagrande Daniel Rume 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTo define the best grazing management strategy, it is important to assess animals' responses to variations in the structure and composition of tropical forages. This 2‐year study evaluated animal response to Marandu palisadegrass (Urochloa brizantha)‐calopo (Calopogonium mucunoides) mixed pastures managed under rotational grazing. Treatments consisted of three defoliation frequencies defined by rest periods interrupted at 90% (90LI), 95% (95LI) and 100% (100LI) of photosynthetically active radiation interception (LI). The stubble post‐grazing height target was 15 cm. Statistical difference was declared at p < .10. The 100LI had lowest crude protein (CP) and in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDDM) for the Marandu palisadegrass (p = <.001 both) and calopo (p = .003 and p = .067, respectively). Also, the OM digestibility decreased 7.0% in the 100LI condition than 90LI and 95LI treatment (p = .005). There was no difference in forage, grass, and legume intakes between the treatments (p > .10). The 100LI treatment decreased CP intake from grass in 33.3% (p = <.001) compared to other treatments. Greatest production of microbial N (p = .093) occurred with the 90LI treatment. The CP/digestible organic matter (DOM) ratio, urinary N excretion and retained N were lowest in the 100LI treatment (p = <.001, p = .007 and p = .014, respectively). The recommendation for grazing between 90 and 95% of LI is recommended because of greater CP intake and N utilization for the animals and improved the nutritive value of Marandu palisadegrass and calopo mixed pastures.
High temperature near IR spectral absorption of clear SiO2‐based glasses
Authors: Faber A. J. , Meneses Domingos de Sousa , van Nijnatten Peter A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractExperimental high temperature near infrared (NIR) absorption spectra of different SiO2‐based glasses, including lead silicate crystal glass, clear soda lime silicate (SLS) glass and fused silica with low and high OH content, are compared. The more polarizable the glass, the stronger is the increase in the high temperature NIR absorption at wavelengths < 2 µm, involving a red shift of the optical bandgap edge with increasing temperature. It appears that the modified glassy Urbach's rule provides a framework for describing the temperature red shift of the absorption edge of lead silicate crystal glass, even above Tg. This red shift causes a 4–7 times lower Rosseland thermal radiation conductivity of lead crystal glass melts compared to clear SLS glass melts. Low OH fused silica is practically transparent for NIR thermal radiation, also at high temperatures above Tg. Incorporation of water in fused silica increases the NIR absorption in the spectral region 1.7–3.4 µm, for all temperatures. An upper limit of the diffusion coefficient D of water in fused silica was estimated from the time to measure the high temperature NIR spectra of thin (∼2 mm) samples: D < 4 * 10−10 m2/s at temperatures up to around 2000°C.
The value of bone marrow examinations performed in the investigation of HIV infected patients with cytopenias
Authors: Chetty Carissa , Musekwa Ernest , Chapanduka Zivanai Cuthbert 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIntroductionBone marrow examination (BME) is a reliable and effective tool in the diagnosis of many haematological and non‐haematological diseases and may be used to investigate unexplained cytopenia in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients. The objective of this study was to determine the diagnoses made, diagnostic yield and unique diagnostic yield of BMEs performed to investigate cytopenias in HIV infected patients.MethodA retrospective cross‐sectional descriptive study was performed involving all BMEs performed on HIV‐infected adult patients with the main indication of unexplained cytopenia over a period of 5 years and 4 months. Data was extracted from the National Health Laboratory Service's laboratory information system and clinicians' BME request forms.ResultsThe study included 128 BMEs, performed on 124 patients. The diagnostic yield was 32% and the unique diagnostic yield was 30.5%. The most common diagnosis was pure red cell aplasia (10.9%), followed by immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) (7%), iron deficiency anaemia (6.3%), malignancy (4.7%) and disseminated infection (3.9%).ConclusionBME is a useful investigation for unexplained cytopenia in HIV‐infected patients. Less invasive investigations to exclude haematinic deficiencies, haemolysis and sepsis are recommended on an individualised basis prior to BME. In HIV‐infected patients with therapy refractory ITP or ITP with atypical clinicopathological findings, BME is strongly recommended. As Mycobacterial and other infections are common in this group of patients, staining and culture of specimens are advised if BME is undertaken.
Stability and comparison of complete blood count parameters between capillary and venous blood samples
Authors: Doeleman Martijn J. H. , Esseveld Anouk , Huisman Albert , de Roock Sytze , Tiel Groenestege Wouter M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIntroductionThis study assessed the comparability of complete blood count (CBC) parameters between capillary and venous samples, and extended previous research by examining the influence of different storage temperatures on CBC stability up to 7 days after sample collection.MethodsVenous and capillary blood samples were collected from 93 adult patients. Hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Ht), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), mean platelet volume (MPV), leukocytes, lymphocytes, basophils, eosinophils, erythrocytes, red cell distribution width (RDW), immature granulocytes (IG), immature reticulocyte fraction (IRF), monocytes, neutrophils, platelets, and reticulocytes were measured. Deming regression and mean relative differences between venous and capillary measurements were contrasted with desirable total allowable error (TEa). Stability was assessed in 20–27 venous blood samples stored at 4, 21–22, or 30°C, and analyzed at 0, 24, 48, 72, 96, 120, 144, and 168 h. Mean relative change with respect to baseline measurements was compared to the desirable TEa to determine acceptable stability.ResultsDeming regression demonstrated strong linear correlations and acceptable variation between venous and capillary measurements. Erythrocytes, Hb, Ht, MCH, MCV, RDW, reticulocytes, and platelets showed acceptable stability for at least 96 h at 4°C. Mean relative change exceeded desirable TEa after 24 h at 30°C for all parameters, except erythrocytes, Hb, leukocytes, and MCH.ConclusionClinical laboratory specialists and clinicians should be aware of potential differences between venous and capillary measurements, and the influence of storage conditions. Clinical validity of delayed CBC analysis depends on the clinical situation and required precision of the result.
RETRACTED: The usefulness of platelet‐rich plasma to manage skin wounds: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Chi Liqiao , Wang Qiang , Zhong Wenjun , Pan Xinfeng , Li Yuanyuan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA meta‐analysis investigation to measure the usefulness of platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) to manage skin wounds (SWs). A comprehensive literature inspection till February 2023 was applied and 1349 interrelated investigations were reviewed. The 22 chosen investigations enclosed animals' SWs were in the chosen investigations' starting point, 3348 of them were treated with PRP, and 2259 were control. Odds ratio (OR) in addition to 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to compute the value of the usefulness of PRP to manage SWs by the dichotomous and continuous approaches and a fixed or random model. PRP significantly higher percent of decreases in open wound area (OWA) (MD, 10.07; 95% CI, 6.55‐13.59, P < 0.001), and lower healing time (HT) (MD, −6.31; 95% CI, −10.69 to −1.93, P = 0.005) compared to control in animals' SWs. PRP had a significantly higher percent of decreases in OWA and lower HT compared to control in animals' SWs. However, caused of the small sample sizes of several chosen investigations for this meta‐analysis, care must be exercised when dealing with its values.
Insect invasions track a tree invasion: Global distribution of black locust herbivores
Authors: Medzihorský Vladimír , Trombik Jiří , Mally Richard , Turčáni Marek , Liebhold Andrew M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimMany invasive plant species benefit from enemy release resulting from the absence of insect herbivores in their invaded range. However, over time, specialized herbivores may ‘catch up’ with such invasive plants. Black locust is a tree species with a relatively limited native range in North America but has invaded large areas in virtually every temperate continent including North America. We hypothesize that both intra‐ and intercontinental spread of black locust leads to a parallel, though delayed pattern of intra‐ and intercontinental spread of insect herbivores.LocationGlobal.TaxonBlack locust, Robinia pseudoacacia, and its insect herbivores.MethodsWe compiled historical records of the occurrence of insect herbivore species associated with R. pseudoacacia from all world regions. Based on this list, we describe taxonomic patterns and investigate associations between environmental features and numbers of non‐native specialist herbivores in the portion of North America invaded by R. pseudoacacia.ResultsA total of 454 herbivorous species are recorded feeding on R. pseudoacacia across the world, with 23 of these being specialized on Robinia. From this group, seven species have successfully expanded their range beyond North America. Within North America, the richness of specialists is explained by a combination of road density, R. pseudoacacia density, distance from the R. pseudoacacia native range, and climate.Main ConclusionNon‐native herbivore species have accumulated on invasive R. pseudoacacia in both North America and in other continents. The steady build‐up of invasions likely has diminished the enemy release that this invasive tree species has benefited from – a trend that will likely continue in the future. These findings support the hypothesis that invasive plants promote parallel though delayed invasions of specialist insect herbivores.
The relationship between internet addiction and peer bullying level of sixth and seventh grade secondary school students
Authors: Gülbetekin Eda , Gül Can Fatma 
Published: May 2023

AbstractProblemThe research aimed to determine the relationship between internet addiction and peer bullying in sixth and seventh‐grade students.MethodThe population of the study consisted of students in the sixth and seventh grades of secondary schools in a province in eastern Turkey. The data were collected throughout the 2021–2022 academic year from 1201 sixth and seventh graders who voluntered to participate in the research. The data were collected using the Bullying Scale and the Internet Addiction Scale for Adolescents (IAA).FindingIt was determined that gender, grade level, status of having a mobile phone, and age influenced children's participation in peer bullying. Also, variables of gender, grade level, and status of having a mobile phone affected internet addiction levels. Furthermore, when the correlation between the two scales was analyzed, a strong positive correlation was determined.ConclusionsIn line with the findings of this study, interventions that may lower levels of bullying include delivering training on bullying and internet addiction to families, encouraging children to participate in activities that would reduce the amount of time they spend on the internet, and investigating the reasons for bullying.
Same‐day discharge for left atrial appendage occlusion procedure: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Khan Jehanzeb Ahmed , Parmar Miloni , Bhamare Aditi , Agarwal Siddharth , Khosla Jagjit , Liu Briana , Abraham Rachel , Khan Taha , Clifton Shari , Munir Muhammad Bilal , DeSimone Christopher V. , Deshmukh Abhishek , Po Sunny , Stavrakis Stavros , Asad Zain Ul Abideen 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIntroductionMost patients undergoing a left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) procedure are admitted for overnight observation. A same‐day discharge strategy offers the opportunity to improve resource utilization without compromising patient safety. We compared the patient safety outcomes and post‐discharge complications between same‐day discharge versus hospital admission (HA) (>1 day) in patients undergoing LAAO procedure.MethodsA systematic search of MEDLINE and Embase was conducted. Outcomes of interest included peri‐procedural complications, re‐admissions, discharge complications including major bleeding and vascular complications, ischemic stroke, all‐cause mortality, and peri‐device leak >5 mm. Mantel–Haenszel risk ratios (RRs) with 95% CIs were calculated.ResultsA total of seven observational studies met the inclusion criteria. There was no statistically significant difference between same‐day discharge versus HA regarding readmission (RR: 0.61; 95% confidence interval [CI]: [0.29–1.31]; p = .21), ischemic stroke after discharge (RR: 1.16; 95% CI: [0.49–2.73]), peri‐device leak >5 mm (RR: 1.27; 95% CI: [0.42–3.85], and all‐cause mortality (RR: 0.60; 95% CI: [0.36–1.02]). The same‐day discharge study group had significantly lower major bleeding or vascular complications (RR: 0.71; 95% CI: [0.54–0.94]).ConclusionsThis meta‐analysis of seven observational studies showed no significant difference in patient safety outcomes and post‐discharge complications between same‐day discharge versus HA. These findings provide a solid basis to perform a randomized control trial to eliminate any potential confounders.
Experimental evolution of evolutionary potential in fluctuating environments
Authors: Ketola Tarmo , Kronholm Ilkka 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Variation is the raw material for evolution. Evolutionary potential is determined by the amount of genetic variation, but evolution can also alter the visibility of genetic variation to natural selection. Fluctuating environments are suggested to maintain genetic variation but they can also affect environmental variance, and thus, the visibility of genetic variation to natural selection. However, experimental studies testing these ideas are relatively scarce. In order to determine differences in evolutionary potential we quantified variance attributable to population, genotype and environment for populations of the bacterium Serratia marcescens. These populations had been experimentally evolved in constant and two fluctuating environments. We found that strains that evolved in fluctuating environments exhibited larger environmental variation suggesting that adaptation to fluctuations has decreased the visibility of genetic variation to selection.
Abstract
After a month long experimental evolution experiment in fluctuating and constant thermal environments Serratia marcescens clones were found to have evolved higher environmental variation in fluctuating environments than in constant environments.
Longitudinal trends in direct costs and healthcare utilization ascribable to inflammatory bowel disease in the biologic era: a nationwide, population‐based study
Authors: Park Eun Young , Baek Dong Hoon , Kim Gwang Ha , Kim Choongrak , Kim Hasung , Lee Jeong Woo , Song Geun Am 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackground and AimBiologic‐era data regarding the direct cost and healthcare utilization of inflammatory bowel disease at the population level are limited, especially in Asia. Thus, we aimed to investigate the nationwide prevalence, direct cost, and healthcare utilization of inflammatory bowel disease in Korea in a recent 10‐year period.MethodsUsing the Korean National Health Insurance claim data from 2008 to 2017, we investigated all prescription medications and their associated direct costs, hospitalizations, and outpatient visits. We also estimated the nationwide prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease using population census data.ResultsThe estimated inflammatory bowel disease prevalence significantly increased from 108.8/100 000 in 2008 to 140.4/100 000 in 2017. The overall annual costs for inflammatory bowel disease and the healthcare cost per capita increased from $24.5 million (in US dollars) to $105.1 million and from $458.4 to $1456.6 million, respectively (both P < 0.001). Whereas the ratio of outpatient costs increased from 35.3% to 69.4%, that of outpatient days remained steady. The total annual medication cost and proportion rose from $13.3 million to $76.8 million and from 54.2% to 73.3%, respectively, mainly due to the increasing antitumor necrosis factor cost, from $1.5 million to $49.3 million (from 11.1% to 64.1% of the total annual drug cost and from 6.3% to 46.9% of the total annual cost).ConclusionsWe observed increasing trends in the prevalence, direct costs, and healthcare utilization of inflammatory bowel disease in Korea in recent years. The attributable cost was mainly driven by rising expenditures on antitumor necrosis factor medications.