bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dental caries in the Myanmar population: Findings from the first national oral health survey in 2016–2017
Authors: Thwin Kaung Myat , Ogawa Hiroshi , Phantumvanit Prathip , Miyazaki Hideo , Songpaisan Yupin , Maung Khin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the dental caries status of indicator age groups as mentioned in the WHO pathfinder methodology, compare caries experiences among those age groups according to gender and geographical location, and assess the association between dental caries and related risk factors in primary and permanent dentition.MethodsA sample of 5928 participants aged 6, 12, 15–18, 35–44 and 60–74 years were recruited from 21 selected townships in the first Myanmar national oral health survey. Clinical oral examinations and questionnaire‐based surveys were conducted from December 2016 to January 2017.ResultsThe prevalence of dental caries in primary teeth was 85.3% with a mean dmft of 5.7 at age 6 years. The prevalence of dental caries in permanent teeth and mean DMFT were 36.5% and 0.8 at 12 years, 43.8% and 1.1 at 15–18 years, 64.7% and 3.0 at 35–44 years, and 93.6% and 11.5 at 60–74 years. Missing teeth were higher in 60–74‐year‐olds, with 27 participants being fully edentulous. There were significant differences in caries experiences between males and females aged 15–18, 35–44 and 60–74 years. In the adjusted logistic regression, consumption of sweets or candies three times or more a day showed significantly higher risks of dental caries in primary teeth. Age, gender, consumption of sweets or candies and consumption of sweet drinks were associated factors for dental caries in permanent teeth.ConclusionThe findings from the first national oral health survey indicate that caries in primary teeth is an important oral health problem for Myanmar children. Tooth loss was also found to be a concern in the aging population. National oral health policies and strategies need to be developed to promote awareness and understanding of oral health, in particular the role of risk factors such as sugary foods and drinks in tooth decay in children and adults.
‘You learn to smile with your eyes’, exploring the impact of enhanced personal protective equipment on primary care dental practitioners in the UK: An interpretative phenomenological study
Authors: Legge Alexander R. , Nasser Mona , Latour Jos M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of the study was to explore how dental practitioners in primary care settings perceive the impact of enhanced personal protective equipment (PPE) upon patient communication and wider clinical practice.MethodsThis study utilized a qualitative approach, rooted in critical realism. An interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) methodology was adopted as the study method. In accordance with IPA, in‐depth semi‐structured interviews were conducted. Eight dental practitioners were recruited, with data analysis conducted according to the principles of IPA.ResultsThree themes were synthesized (related to communication and clinical practice): (1) Impaired communication and relationship building; (2) Physical impacts and required adjustments when wearing enhanced‐PPE; and (3) Psychological stress of implementing enhanced‐PPE. Theme one reflects changes to the dynamic of communication between patients and colleagues brought about by enhanced‐PPE. Theme two describes the physical and psychological strains of providing care in enhanced‐PPE and the ways through which practitioners tried to overcome these challenges. Theme three explores how the roll‐out and guidance related to the use of enhanced‐PPE affected clinical practice.ConclusionsDental Practitioners described several barriers to communication as well as physical and mental stressors caused by enhanced‐PPE, all of which were perceived to impact upon the quality of care provided to patients. Further research is required to develop effective interventions to mitigate the impact of enhanced‐PPE upon clinical practice and to explore the long‐term impact of enhanced‐PPE on clinical practice, post‐COVID.
Adjacent tooth migration after maxillary first molar loss in patients with sinus augmentation: A retrospective research
Authors: Zhao Feiya , Shi Lei , Huang Yilun , Wang Yu , Yu Mengfei , Wang Huiming 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPurposeThe objectives of this study are to: (1) investigate the extent of antagonistic and distal neighboring tooth migration in the maxillary posterior single tooth‐missing site during the healing period of bone augmentation and implant surgery; (2) identify factors associated with tooth migration.Materials and methodsOne hundred and forty‐three cases that lost the maxillary first molar were included, and their CBCT data during the edentulous period were obtained. Dentition models were reconstructed from CBCT, and superimpositions were performed, followed by measuring migration distances and calculating migration rates of antagonistic and distal neighboring teeth. Factors were analyzed using multivariate generalized estimating equations (GEE).ResultsThe mean migration distances were 208 ± 137 μm and 403 ± 605 μm for antagonistic teeth and distal teeth, and the mean migration rates were 26.8 ± 21.2 μm/month and 48.5 ± 76.7 μm/month, respectively. One hundred and nineteen out of 143 distal neighboring teeth migrated toward the edentulous site, and all antagonistic teeth migrated occlusally. Occlusal contact loss and chronic apical periodontitis both significantly accelerated antagonistic tooth migration (p < 0.05), the latter also accelerated distal tooth migration (p < 0.05). Besides, the displacement of the distal teeth was somewhat accelerated by the impacted adjacent third molar and root protrusion into the sinus.ConclusionsThe neighboring teeth tend to migrate toward the edentulous gap in the maxillary posterior region. Occlusal contact loss and chronic apical periodontitis are two significant risk factors for accelerating antagonistic tooth migration, and for distal teeth, chronic apical periodontitis is the risk factor. The impacted adjacent third molar and root protrusion into the sinus are also potential risk factors for accelerating the migration of the maxillary distal tooth. Thus, to prevent maxillary edentulous gap reduction, the factors mentioned above should be taken into consideration when planning treatment flow.
Lions Attacking a Dromedary: The Verreaux brothers, imperial taxidermy, and postmortem bodily rights
Authors: Niittynen Miranda A. M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractLions Attacking a Dromedary created at Maison Verreaux brings up a larger discussion about representations of racialized bodies (real and synthetic) in the history of museum display. Looking to the history of racialized bodies on display, I outline how taxidermied animals and racialized mannequins oscillate to reinforce continual colonial projects of the present. I show my reader how the construction of a ‘specimen’ is used in the dehumanizing processes that shapes who and what is human: a recognizable being that is (borrowing from Judith Butler) grievable upon death. Since the discovery of real human remains inside the racialized mannequin, the group is now redisplayed at the Carnegie Museum alongside educational insights that seek to ethically interrupt the colonial violence that the display narrates. In order to push this discussion further, I seek direction from decolonial artists and scholars on the best approaches to take in response to postmortem human rights abuses (past and present) and to show the ways that art can be both a destructive and reparative exchange.
Sustainability of seizure reduction and seizure control with adjunctive cenobamate: Post hoc analysis of a phase 3, open‐label study
Authors: Vossler David G. , Rosenfeld William E. , Stern Sean , Wade Clarence T. , Ferrari Louis , Kerr Wesley T. , Wechsler Robert 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveIn this post hoc analysis of a subset of patients from a long‐term, open‐label phase 3 study, we assessed ≥50%, ≥75%, ≥90%, and 100% seizure reduction and sustainability of these responses with cenobamate using a time‐to‐event analytical approach.MethodsOf 240 patients with uncontrolled focal seizures who had adequate seizure data available, 214 completed the 12‐week titration phase and received ≥1 dose of cenobamate in the maintenance phase (max dose 400 mg/day) and were included in this post hoc analysis. Among patients who met an initial given seizure‐reduction level (≥50%, ≥75%, ≥90%, or 100%), sustainability of that response was measured using a time‐to‐event methodology. An event was defined as the occurrence of a study visit at which the seizure frequency during the interval since the prior study visit exceeded the initially attained reduction level. Study visits during the maintenance phase occurred at 3‐month intervals.ResultsOf the 214 patients analyzed, 188 (88%), 177 (83%), 160 (75%), and 145 (68%) met ≥50%, ≥75%, ≥90%, and 100% seizure‐reduction responses, respectively, for at least one study visit interval during the maintenance phase. The median (95% confidence interval [CI]) time to first visit without a ≥50% seizure reduction was not reached by 30 months of follow‐up (53% of patients maintained their initial ≥50% seizure reduction). Median (95% CI) time to first visit without sustaining the initial ≥75%, ≥90%, or 100% seizure reduction was 13.0 (7.5–21.9) months, 7.5 (5.4–11.6) months, and 7.0 (5.3–10.4) months, respectively. Among the 145 patients who had 100% seizure reduction during at least one study visit, 22% remained seizure‐free for at least 30 months and 63% had ≤3 study visits with seizures.SignificanceAdjunctive treatment with cenobamate led to sustained seizure reductions during the maintenance phase of the phase 3 safety study.
Sibling cannibalism in the false widow spider is dependent on spiderling density and the reliable availability of fresh prey
Authors: Harvey Jeffrey A. , Steegh Robin , Dong Yuting , Gols Rieta 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAdult female spiders lay batches of eggs in silken egg sacs, and after hatching, the spiderlings live for transient periods in their mother's web before dispersing. Sibling cannibalism is frequently observed among spiderlings of many species under conditions of food deprivation. Here, we conducted assays in small Petri dishes with different densities of newly hatched (second instar) spiderlings of the false widow spider, Steatoda grossa, using a split‐clutch design. Prey (freshly killed fruit flies) availability was manipulated both numerically and temporally. Offspring from 10 different females were separated as siblings into densities of two, four, or eight spiderlings per Petri dish and these were provided with either 0 flies (starvation control), two flies, four flies, or eight flies that were replenished weekly or every 3 weeks. A further control was conducted with solitary spiderlings in Petri dishes deprived of flies. The number of surviving spiderlings per Petri dish was counted every 3 days until only one remained (or until death of the solitary spiderling). Our results show that the rate of cannibalism was lower with increasing spiderling density and when fresh flies were replenished more frequently, whereas the number of flies that were provided did not affect cannibalism. In S. grossa, juvenile cannibalism occurs primarily under conditions of extreme food limitation, although in synanthropic habitats where the spider is abundant, it may be an adaptive strategy owing to the potential scarcity of prey. Under certain conditions, cannibalism in spiderlings is adaptive by eliminating competitors and providing nutrient‐rich food.
Forgetting curve models: A systematic review aimed at consolidating the main models and outlining possibilities for future research in production
Authors: Ferreira José Ângelo , Valmorbida Edson Luiz , Sato Bruno Goulart , Fuentes Bruno Pontes , Botti Renan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis research surveys current knowledge about forgetting curves and their application in production, aiming to identify the main characteristics and tendencies and research gaps on this topic. Faced with the need to improve tools that allow production planners to predict programmed batches with greater precision, it was found that there are still gaps to be filled that allow the application of learning and forgetting techniques in the production process. To compose the scope of this research, a systematization of the existing literature was carried out, using the keywords ‘forgetting curves’, ‘total forgetting’, ‘learning and forgetting curve’ and ‘forgetting effects’, in the databases of Science Direct, Scielo, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Academics, which allowed classifying and organizing the developed models into 3 groups: Deterministic models, Statistical models and Functional models. This systematic process consisted of selecting databases, filtering publications, reviewing information, and analysing models, providing a detailed analysis on a topic that, despite being promising, is poorly explored in the industry, demonstrating and indicating gaps in research and application. To be filled.
Pacific cod in the Anthropocene: An early life history perspective under changing thermal habitats
Authors: Laurel Benjamin J. , Abookire Alisa , Barbeaux Steve J. , Almeida L. Zoe , Copeman Louise A. , Duffy‐Anderson Janet , Hurst Thomas P. , Litzow Michael A. , Kristiansen Trond , Miller Jessica A. , Palsson Wayne , Rooney Sean , Thalmann Hillary L. , Rogers Lauren A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe rapid decline in Pacific cod (Gadus macrocephalus, Gadidae) biomass following multiple Gulf of Alaska marine heatwaves (2014–2016 and 2019) may be one of the most dramatic documented changes in a sustainably managed marine fishery. As such, fisheries managers are exploring new recruitment paradigms for Pacific cod under novel environmental conditions. In this review, we address the challenges of managing and forecasting Pacific cod populations in the Eastern Pacific where thermal habitats for early life stages are undergoing varying rates of change across space and time. We use observational data to examine changes in distribution, abundance and demographics of the population from 1993 to 2020, and model contemporary and future changes of thermal habitat for both spawning success and age‐0 juvenile growth potential. Results indicate that reduced spawning habitat and early life stage abundance may be a precursor to regional population decline, but the recent apparent increases in size‐at‐age of pre‐recruits will have unknown impacts on future recruitment in these regions. We contend that continued monitoring of early life stages will be necessary to track changes in phenology and growth that likely determine size‐at‐age and the survival trajectories of year classes into the adult population. These include complex size‐ and temperature‐dependent energetics spanning seasonal habitats through the first winter. Climate‐ready management of Pacific cod will, therefore, require new process investigations beyond single‐season surveys focused on one‐life stage.
Uncertainty for fatigue life of low carbon alloy steel based on improved bootstrap method
Authors: Su Weihao , Liu Xintian , Xu Shen , Wang Jinbo , Wang Zhaoqiang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractFatigue testing is a crucial technique for assessing the fatigue performance of materials and components. However, the testing process often involves numerous uncertainties, such as variations in part roughness and size, and the collected data typically constitutes small samples. This paper proposes an improved bootstrap method with cycle of uncertainty to address the limitations of traditional bootstrap methods in estimating uncertainties in small sample sizes. The proposed method was applied to estimate the effect of surface roughness and common normal size on fatigue tests, resulting in improved estimation accuracy. The research contributes to the development of improved methods for fatigue life estimation, which has practical implications for mechanical component design and optimization.
Forest productivity recovery or collapse? Model‐data integration insights on drought‐induced tipping points
Authors: Au J. , Bloom A. A. , Parazoo N. C. , Deans R. M. , Wong C. Y. S. , Houlton B. Z. , Magney T. S. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMore frequent and severe droughts are driving increased forest mortality around the globe. We urgently need to describe and predict how drought affects forest carbon cycling and identify thresholds of environmental stress that trigger ecosystem collapse. Quantifying the effects of drought at an ecosystem level is complex because dynamic climate–plant relationships can cause rapid and/or prolonged shifts in carbon balance. We employ the CARbon DAta MOdel fraMework (CARDAMOM) to investigate legacy effects of drought on forest carbon pools and fluxes. Our Bayesian model‐data fusion approach uses tower observed meteorological forcing and carbon fluxes to determine the response and sensitivity of aboveground and belowground ecological processes associated with the 2012–2015 California drought. Our study area is a mid‐montane mixed conifer forest in the Southern Sierras. CARDAMOM constrained with gross primary productivity (GPP) estimates covering 2011–2017 show a ~75% reduction in GPP, compared to negligible GPP change when constrained with 2011 only. Precipitation across 2012–2015 was 45% (474 mm) lower than the historical average and drove a cascading depletion in soil moisture and carbon pools (foliar, labile, roots, and litter). Adding 157 mm during an especially stressful year (2014, annual rainfall = 293 mm) led to a smaller depletion of water and carbon pools, steering the ecosystem away from a state of GPP tipping‐point collapse to recovery. We present novel process‐driven insights that demonstrate the sensitivity of GPP collapse to ecosystem foliar carbon and soil moisture states—showing that the full extent of GPP response takes several years to arise. Thus, long‐term changes in soil moisture and carbon pools can provide a mechanistic link between drought and forest mortality. Our study provides an example for how key precipitation threshold ranges can influence forest productivity, making them useful for monitoring and predicting forest mortality events.
Changes in oral health status with dental intervention during the acute to subacute stages of stroke
Authors: Sakai Ayu , Matsuo Koichiro , Sekimoto Yu , Hidaka Rena , Yoshihara Akihiro 
Published: July 2023

ObjectivesTo investigate the changes in oral health status with dental intervention during the acute and subacute stages of stroke and their associations with oral intake status.BackgroundOral health may deteriorate easily in patients following a stroke. However, data are scarce on the changes in oral health with dental intervention throughout the acute and subacute stages of stroke recovery.Material and MethodsWe prospectively recruited 98 stroke patients who were admitted to an acute hospital and referred to a dental team and then could be followed at a subacute rehabilitation unit in the same hospital. Provided dental intervention, including oral health care and other general dental treatments, was recorded. Oral health was assessed with Oral Health Assessment Tool (OHAT), and the changes in OHAT score during the acute and subacute stages were statistically tested. Oral feeding status was examined using Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS). The cohort was divided into the non‐oral feeding, dysphagia and regular diet groups based on FOIS score. Differences in OHAT among the oral intake groups were statistically tested.ResultsGross OHAT score did not differ among the oral intake groups at the time of admission (mean ± standard deviation score: 6.5 ± 2.8 for non‐oral diet, 5.6 ± 2.4 for dysphagia diet and 5.3 ± 2.1 for regular diet), but improved more in the regular diet group (2.4 ± 1.5) than in the other groups (5.8 ± 3.0 for non‐oral diet and 4.0 ± 2.1 for dysphagia diet) at the last evaluation. Oral hygiene scores improved significantly in the acute stage, while scores for dentures and natural teeth ameliorated significantly in the subacute stage.ConclusionOur findings suggest that appropriate dental intervention in the acute and subacute stages of stroke may contribute to improved oral health and oral food intake.
Mandibular metastasis of pulmonary adenocarcinoma: How unexpected could it be?
Authors: Vettori Erica , Borella Alberto , Costantinides Fulvia , Rizzo Roberto , Maglione Michele 
Published: July 2023

ObjectiveMetastatic tumours of bone must be considered in all patients with unexplained bone pain and particularly in patients who present with a known cancer, localised pain at multiple sites, and radiographic findings suggestive of metastasis. The purpose of this report was to present a case of a pathological fracture of the mandible as a consequence of metastatic pulmonary adenocarcinoma.Materials and MethodsIn July 2018 a 68‐year‐old male patient was hospitalised because of pulmonary adenocarcinoma and attended our department for an oral maxillo‐facial evaluation. He complained of pain and swelling in the right temporomandibular region resulting in a reported functional limitation.An Orthopantomogram (OPG) demonstrated a right intracapsular condylar compound fracture associated with an osteolytic lesion at the condyle base with jagged margins. Subsequently, a CT scan with contrast of the maxillo‐facial complex and a fine‐needle aspiration of the lesion was performed.ResultsCT images showed the presence of a right mandibular condyle fracture associated with a large osteolytic lesion which confirmed the pathological nature of the fracture. Fine‐needle aspiration of the lesion confirmed its metastatic nature. It was not possible to proceed with a mandibular resection due to the critical clinical condition of the patient who died in September 2018.ConclusionLung cancer frequently produces lytic‐type metastasis, sometimes even in the jaw. In patients with an established diagnosis of lung cancer, any radiolucent lesion of the jaw or an unexplained painful symptomatology to the oro‐maxillo facial complex should be placed in differential diagnosis with metastasis of the primary tumour.