bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Age-Adjusted Sagittal Alignment on the Result of Posterior Decompression Surgery for Lumbar Spinal Canal Stenosis
Authors: Kawai Momotaro , Yagi Mitsuru , Okubo Toshiki , Ozaki Masahiro , Suzuki Satoshi , Takahashi Yohei , Tsuji Osahiko , Nagoshi Narihito , Matsumoto Morio , Nakamura Masaya , Watanabe Kota 
Published: September 2023

Study Design.
Retrospective case series.

Objective.
The aim of this study was to compare the outcomes of posterior decompression surgery for lumbar spinal canal stenosis (LSS) in patients with preoperative sagittal malalignment (MA) with those without, after adjusting for age and sex.

Summary of Background Data.
Sagittal balance is an important factor in spine surgery and is thought to affect postoperative outcomes after LSS. However, the relationship between sagittal MA and postoperative outcomes has not been thoroughly examined.

Patients and Methods.
We included 533 patients who underwent surgical treatment for LSS and also achieved 2-year follow-up. Patients were categorized into either an MA+ group (69 patients) or a matched-alignment (MA−) group (348 patients) based on age-adjusted preoperative sagittal alignment. We compared the baseline and 2-year postoperative health-related quality of life (HRQOL) using the Visual Analog Scale and Japanese Orthopedic Association Back Pain Evaluation Questionnaire (JOABPEQ) scores. We also calculated clinical efficacy using the minimal clinically important difference based on JOABPEQ scores, and age and sex-adjusted JOABPEQ scores 2 years after surgery. Differences between groups were examined using the Mann-Whitney U test and χ2 analysis, where applicable.

Results.
Both groups showed an improved HRQOL after decompression surgery. Similar proportions of patients showed substantial improvement, as estimated by the minimal clinically important difference, in 4 out of 5 subdomains of the JOABPEQ. A significantly smaller proportion of patients in the MA+ group showed substantial improvement in lumbar function. The age and sex-adjusted HRQOL scores 2 years after surgery were lower in the MA+ group, particularly in the lumbar function and social life function subdomains of the JOABPEQ.

Conclusion.
The effects of posterior decompression surgery alone can still be observed at least 2 years postoperatively for patients with LSS and concomitant sagittal MA. Patients with sagittal MA may experience lower HRQOL than those without this type of MA.
Demands and Resources
Authors: Egozi Laliv , Pardo Asher 
Published: September 2023

Objective
The need to identify the main determinants of occupational burnout gained new attention with the release of management of psychosocial standards. Based on the JD-R model and COR theory, the article compares demands and resources interactions and their effects on high levels of burnout.

Methods
Employees in Israel (N = 2010) reported job demands and organizational and personal resources. One year later, 1201 of them reported their burnout. The interactions effects on next-year burnout levels were analyzed using logistic regression.

Results
The enhancing interaction better predicts next-year burnout. Each additional stressor increases the risk for very high burnout (above 4) a year later (odds ratio = 1.76; 95% confidence interval: 1.55–2.00).

Conclusions
The cumulative interaction of stressors predicts next-year burnout levels. Moreover, we used concrete comparable values of the measures that may initiate a standardization process for organizational stressors.
Effects of Time-Efficient Occupational Exercise on Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Firefighters
Authors: Knappett Helen , Haines Matthew 
Published: September 2023

Objective
For a cohort of operational firefighters, we assessed the effects of workplace-based high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on cardiorespiratory fitness.

Methods
Fifteen firefighters performed HIIT or moderate-intensity continuous training for 4 weeks. Outcomes were peak oxygen uptake, time trial performance, and affective (pleasure/displeasure) responses to exercise.

Results
There was an increase in peak oxygen uptake for both conditions, although this did not reach statistical significance (P = 0.06, η
2 = 0.26) and time trial performance improved for both groups (2%, P < 0.01, η
2 = 0.51). Affective responses were more favorable for HIIT, but both conditions avoided excessive sensations of displeasure.

Conclusion
Results suggest that workplace-based HIIT improved fitness and performance to a similar magnitude to moderate-intensity continuous training while avoiding overly negative affective responses and could improve occupational health of firefighters, despite reduced time commitment.
Effectiveness of education on linear programmed dietary plan using locally available food on energy intake among HIV-infected children aged 2 to 5 years in Simiyu region: A cluster randomized control trial protocol
Authors: Carin Heriet , Katalambula Leonard , Munyogwa Mariam , Mageda Kihulya , Lyeme Halidi 
Published: September 2023

Background:
Most of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected children have decreased energy intake due to loss of appetite which resulted in weight loss. The diets of many HIV-infected children do not meet the recommended levels of energy intake required. However, caregivers with poor nutrition knowledge are more likely to feed their children with low-quality and diverse foods and at a lower frequency than recommended. This study aims to test the effectiveness of education on the linear programmed dietary plan using locally available food on energy intake of HIV-infected children in Tanzania mainland.

Methods:
The study will be a cluster randomized control trial study designed with both intervention and control arms and will use a quantitative approach. Care and treatment center will be the unit of randomization. The study will involve 200 asymptomatic HIV-infected children aged 2 to 5 years. The children will be randomly allocated into the intervention and control arm. The intervention will be implemented for 3 months. Participants from all groups will be assessed nutrition knowledge and attitude as well as 24-hour recall at baseline and end line. Education on how to use the energy-dense dietary plan developed by using linear programming techniques will be provided to the intervention group. The main outcome measures will be changes in knowledge, attitude, and energy intake in the intervention group compared with the control group. An unpaired t test will be used to establish the effectiveness of the intervention. A P value of less than .05 will be considered statistically significant.

Discussion:
The results of this study will provide evidence of the effectiveness of linear programmed dietary plan education on energy intake in community settings of rural Tanzania. It will form the basis for strengthening diet intake among HIV-infected children to improve energy intake using locally available food.
Linear analysis of ice-shelf topography response to basal melting and freezing
Authors: Stubblefield A. G. , Wearing M. G. , Meyer C. R. 
Published: September 2023

Floating ice shelves in Antarctica and Greenland limit land-ice contributions to sea-level rise by resisting the flow of grounded ice. Melting at the surface and base of ice shelves can lead to destabilization by promoting thinning and fracturing. Basal melting often results in channelized features that manifest as surface topography due to buoyancy. The assumption of hydrostatic flotation commonly underlies estimates of basal melting rates. However, numerical simulations and ice-penetrating radar data have shown that narrow topographic features do not necessarily satisfy the local flotation condition. Here, we introduce a linearized model for ice-shelf topographic response to basal melting perturbations to quantify deviations from hydrostatic flotation and the stability of topography. While hydrostatic flotation is the dominant behaviour at wavelengths greater than the ice thickness, ice elevation can deviate from the perfect flotation condition at smaller wavelengths. The linearized analysis shows that channelized features can be stable when the time scale of extensional thinning is small relative to the time scale of viscous flow towards the channel. When extension is non-negligible, channels can break through the ice column. We validate the linearized analysis by comparing numerical solutions to a nonlinear ice-flow model with steady-state solutions obtained via a Green’s function.
Sufficiency and necessity of big data capabilities for decision performance in the public sector
Authors: Talib Sarah , Papastathopoulo Avraam , Ahmad Syed Zamberi 
Published: September 2023

Purpose
This study aims to examine the necessity effects of big data analytics capabilities (BDAC) on decision-making performance (DMP), particularly in the public sector.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors used the combined methods of partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) and necessary condition analysis (NCA) to test the hypothesized relationships.

Findings
The findings show that the presence of all three BDAC (infrastructure, management and personnel) is significant and necessary to achieve higher levels of DMP. Specifically, the results revealed big data management capabilities to be of higher necessity to achieve the highest possible DMP. The findings provide public-sector practitioners with insights to support the development of their BDAC.

Originality/value
Time-sensitive domains such as the public sector require insight and quality decision-making to create public value and achieve competitive advantage. This study examined BDAC in light of the combined methods of (PLS-SEM) and NCA to test the hypothesized relationships in the public sector context.
Hinduja Global Solutions Limited: rewarding the shareholders
Authors: Dhamija Sanjay , Bhatia Shikha 
Published: September 2023

Learning outcomes
After working through the case and assignment questions, the learning outcomes of this study are to understand the dividend policy of a company; compare different types of dividends that a company may give; assess the impact of stock splits and the issue of bonus shares (stock dividends); compare cash dividend and buy-backs as methods of cash distribution to shareholders; evaluate the methods of cash distribution that may be appropriate for the company; and assess the trade-off between long-term value creation and shareholder expectations.

Case overview/synopsis
This case study presents the dilemma faced by Partha DeSarkar, the executive director and global CEO of Hinduja Global Solutions (HGS) Limited, a leading business process management (BPM) company. The company would have surplus cash of about US$1.2bn from the selling of its health-care service businesses. The company planned to invest a part of this cashflow into the company’s future growth, with some of it distributed among its shareholders. This case study provides an excellent opportunity for students to determine the best method for rewarding the shareholders. It allows students to compare various cash distribution methods. Students can examine in detail the process involved, the quantum of distribution, tax implications, financial implications, fundraising flexibility and valuation impact of available options.

Complexity academic level
This case study is best suited for senior undergraduate- and graduate-level business school students in courses focusing on corporate finance, financial management, strategic management and investment banking.

Supplementary materials
Teaching notes are available for educators only.

Subject code
CSS: 1 Accounting and Finance
Transformative research and education in Living Labs using the SDGs as a compass
Authors: Heijmans Annelies , Eweg Rik 
Published: September 2023

Purpose
This study aims to investigate how Living Labs of Van Hall Larenstein UAS perform as sustainability-oriented, transdisciplinary learning environments. It shows how the sustainable development goals (SDGs) can be used as a compass and debates the sustainability impact of applied research.

Design/methodology/approach
A case study approach was adopted, including a literature review, scoping visits, online workshops and peer-to-peer inter-vision/learning, using the SDGs as a compass and framework for analysis.

Findings
Most Living Labs use a “silo-approach” on the SDGs and are designed from a technological-expert perspective. This results in blind spots, particularly on SDGs related to reducing socio-economic inequality and just institutions. Debating unsustainable systems, cultures and practices is avoided. To contribute to sustainability transitions, universities need to invest in developing transformative capacity. This refers to SDG-transition competences such as collaborative communication, constructively engaging with diversity and conflicts, discussing values, norms and ethics and encouraging reflexivity.

Research limitations/implications
Mainly lecturer-researchers were involved in the study. COVID-19 travel restrictions hindered the research at the grassroots level in India and Indonesia.

Originality/value
The study revealed the importance of creating Living Labs as safe and brave inter- and transdisciplinary learning environments to practice reflexivity: encouraging students, researchers and stakeholders to look at sustainability issues from plural perspectives and questioning unsustainable practices, which combined lead to changing perceptions, practices and relations and a deeper understanding of how change happens. The SDGs as a compass method supports reflexivity among stakeholders and in redirecting strategies towards a sustainable future.
Exploration of student sex work in the North East of England
Authors: Haskins Mollie , Osu Tinisha , Carr Michelle 
Published: September 2023

Purpose
This paper aims to explore the prevalence, motivations and support for student sex work within North East higher education institutions. With limited existing research in this area, this study fills a crucial gap in understanding student sex work in the UK and its specific manifestation in the North East region.

Design/methodology/approach
To achieve its objectives, this study adopted an exploratory, cross-sectional design conducted entirely online due to the Covid-19 pandemic. A mixed-methodology approach was used, inspired by previous research, gathering quantitative data through a semi-structured questionnaire and qualitative data through open-ended survey questions.

Findings
The study revealed that 11.4% of students engaged in sex work, primarily in indirect and online-based forms. lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBTQ)+ students were more likely to participate in sex work compared to heterosexual students. Financial difficulties and lifestyle preferences were identified as significant motivations for student sex work.

Research limitations/implications
A limitation of the study was the lack of diversity in the sample, with predominantly young, white, heterosexual and cis-gender females, potentially neglecting other demographics' struggles. Future research should include larger and more diverse samples to ensure representative findings.

Practical implications
The research highlights the need for greater awareness and support for student sex workers within North East universities. Policies and services should consider the unique challenges faced by LGBTQ+ student sex workers to reduce stigma and potential dangers.

Social implications
Understanding the prevalence of student sex work sheds light on the need to challenge societal assumptions and stigmas surrounding sex work, particularly concerning gender and sexuality.

Originality/value
This study breaks new ground by providing novel insights into an understudied research area – the prevalence of student sex work in North East England. The findings lay the foundation for future research and can inform policies and support systems to improve the safety and well-being of student sex workers. Furthermore, the study contributes to broader discussions on gender, sexuality and sex work in academic settings.
Transitioning drivers from linear to circular economic models: evidence of entrepreneurship in emerging nations
Authors: Beheshti Moein , Amoozad Mahdiraji Hannan , Rocha-Lona Luis 
Published: September 2023

PurposeVarious publications have extensively documented the advantages of a circular economy in ensuring sustainability and limiting climate change. Despite academic records emphasising the need to adopt this business strategy, entrepreneurs in developing countries prefer linear economies. This reluctance is attributable to several factors, including insufficient infrastructure and technology, limited financial access, inadequate education systems and the prevalence of informal enterprises. Therefore, a thorough analysis of the underlying economic, political and social conditions is required to identify the drivers of circular economies (CEs) and their contribution to entrepreneurship in developing countries.Design/methodology/approachIn this study, the authors first conducted a comprehensive quantitative literature review based on LangChain to identify the critical CE drivers from the social, technological and organisational perspectives. Based on the input from the expert panel of Iranian academic and industry professionals, the authors applied an integrated fuzzy interpretive structural modelling and cross-impact matrix multiplication approach to classification (Fuzzy-ISM-MICMAC) to investigate the chronology of entrepreneurial drivers.FindingsLevel-based model results reveal entrepreneurial drivers in developing nations and their interrelationships, specifically underlining the importance of supply chain factors and stakeholder preferences. Thus, the differences between the perception of the main drivers in developed and developing economies can be identified, with the former paying particular attention to legislative and financial factors. The study's findings contribute to conserving resources, reducing waste and adopting more sustainable corporate practices, thereby assisting developing countries in achieving development goals.Originality/valueThis study employs an innovative quantitative systematic literature review approach that relies on a large language model to identify the drivers of the CE. Furthermore, it adopts a systematic approach to examine the enablers of the CE rather than a narrow and individual perspective of the entrepreneurial drivers. The study employs the fuzzy ISM MICMAC technique to showcase the prioritisation of entrepreneurial prospects in emerging economies.
The effect of natural resources rents on human development in selected African countries
Authors: Debonheur Kadagde Dalam , Avom Désiré , Ouedraogo Idrissa 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis research analyses the effects of natural resource rents on human development in selected African countries. It focuses on a panel of 41 countries and covers the period 1996–2019. We used the ordinary least squares, quantile regression, and the two‐step system generalized method of moments (GMM) estimates. The results show that total natural resource rents have a negative effect on human development. However, this negative effect is mitigated by food imports, which ensure food security for the countries concerned. Furthermore, taken individually, the effect of natural resource rents on human development is differentiated according to their type: forestry and natural gas rents have a positive effect on human development while, oil and coal rents have a negative effect. After controlling for per capita income and other macroeconomic, institutional, and environmental factors, these results are robust. The results suggest better management of natural resource rents, economic diversification and industrial development, environmental protection, food security, and the investment of the natural resources rents in human capital development to ensure long‐term human development in the region.
Effects of tail nerve electrical stimulation on the activation and plasticity of the lumbar locomotor circuits and the prevention of skeletal muscle atrophy after spinal cord transection in rats
Authors: Liu Jia‐Lin , Chen Zheng‐Hong , Wu Rong‐Jie , Yu Hai‐Yang , Yang Shang‐Bin , Xu Jing , Wu Chuang‐Ran , Guo Yi‐Nan , Hua Nan , Zeng Xiang , Ma Yuan‐Huan , Li Ge , Zhang Ling , Chen Yuan‐Feng , Zeng Yuan‐Shan , Ding Ying , Lai Bi‐Qin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntroductionSevere spinal cord injury results in the loss of neurons in the relatively intact spinal cord below the injury area and skeletal muscle atrophy in the paralyzed limbs. These pathological processes are significant obstacles for motor function reconstruction.ObjectiveWe performed tail nerve electrical stimulation (TNES) to activate the motor neural circuits below the injury site of the spinal cord to elucidate the regulatory mechanisms of the excitatory afferent neurons in promoting the reconstruction of locomotor function.MethodsEight days after T10 spinal cord transection in rats, TNES was performed for 7 weeks. Behavioral scores were assessed weekly. Electrophysiological tests and double retrograde tracings were performed at week 8.ResultsAfter 7 weeks of TNES treatment, there was restoration in innervation, the number of stem cells, and mitochondrial metabolism in the rats' hindlimb muscles. Double retrograde tracings of the tail nerve and sciatic nerve further confirmed the presence of synaptic connections between the tail nerve and central pattern generator (CPG) neurons in the lumbar spinal cord, as well as motor neurons innervating the hindlimb muscles.ConclusionThe mechanisms of TNES induced by the stimulation of primary afferent nerve fibers involves efficient activation of the motor neural circuits in the lumbosacral segment, alterations of synaptic plasticity, and the improvement of muscle and nerve regeneration, which provides the structural and functional foundation for the future use of cutting‐edge biological treatment strategies to restore voluntary movement of paralyzed hindlimbs.