bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feasibility evaluation of novel AI‐based deep‐learning contouring algorithm for radiotherapy
Authors: Maduro Bustos Luis A. , Sarkar Abhirup , Doyle Laura A. , Andreou Kelly , Noonan Jodie , Nurbagandova Diana , Shah SunJay A. , Irabor Omoruyi Credit , Mourtada Firas 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the clinical feasibility of the Siemens Healthineers AI‐Rad Companion Organs RT VA30A (Organs‐RT) auto‐contouring algorithm for organs at risk (OARs) of the pelvis, thorax, and head and neck (H&N).MethodsComputed tomography (CT) datasets from 30 patients (10 pelvis, 10 thorax, and 10 H&N) were collected. Four sets of OARs were generated on each scan, one set by Organs‐RT and the others by three experienced users independently. A physician (expert) then evaluated each contour by assigning a score from the following scale: 1‐Must Redo, 2‐Major Edits, 3‐Minor Edits, 4‐Clinically usable. Using the highest‐scored OAR from the human users as a reference, the contours generated by Organs‐RT were evaluated via Dice Similarity Coefficient (DSC), Hausdorff Distance (HDD), Mean Distance to Agreement (mDTA), Volume comparison, and visual inspection. Additionally, each human user recorded the time to delineate each structure set and time‐saving efficiency was measured.ResultsThe average DSC obtained for the pelvic OARs ranged between (0.81 ± 0.06)Rectum and (0.94 ± 0.03)Bladder. (0.75 ± 0.09)Esophagus to for the thoracic OARs and (0.66 ± 0.07)Lips to (0.83 ± 0.04)Brainstem for the H&N. The average HDD in cm for the pelvis cohort ranged between (0.95 ± 0.35)Bladder to (3.62 ± 2.50)Rectum, (0.42 ± 0.06)SpinalCord to (2.09 ± 2.00)Esophagus for the thoracic set and to (1.50 ± 0.50)Mandible for the H&N region. The time‐saving efficiency was 67% for H&N, 83% for pelvis, and 84% for thorax. 72.5%, 82%, and 50% of the pelvis, thorax, and H&N OARs were scored as clinically usable by the expert, respectively.ConclusionsThe highest agreement registered between OARs generated by Organs‐RT and their respective references was for the bladder, heart, lungs, and femoral heads, with an overall DSC≥0.92. The poorest agreement was for the rectum, esophagus, and lips, with an overall DSC⩽0.81. Nonetheless, Organs‐RT serves as a reliable auto‐contouring tool by minimizing overall contouring time and increasing time‐saving efficiency in radiotherapy treatment planning.
Organic‐Platinum Hybrids for Covalent Binding of G‐Quadruplexes: Structural Basis and Application to Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Liu Liu‐Yi , Ma Tian‐Zhu , Zeng You‐Liang , Liu Wenting , Zhang Hang , Mao Zong‐Wan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractG‐quadruplexes (G4s) have been revived as promising therapeutic targets with the development of immunotherapy, but the G4‐mediated immune response remains unclear. We designed a novel class of G4‐binding organic‐platinum hybrids, L1‐cispt and L1‐transpt, with spatial matching for G4 binding and G4 DNA reactivity for binding site locking. The solution structure of L1‐transpt‐MYT1L G4 demonstrated the effectiveness of the covalent binding and revealed the covalent binding‐guided dynamic balance, accompanied by the destruction of the A5‐T17 base pairs to achieve the covalent binding of the platinum unit to N7 of the G6 residue. Furthermore, L1‐cispt‐ and L1‐transpt‐mediated genomic dysfunction could activate the retinoic acid‐induced gene I (RIG‐I) pathway and induce immunogenic cell death (ICD). The use of L1‐cispt/L1‐transpt‐treated dying cells as therapeutic vaccines stimulated a robust immune response and effectively inhibited tumor growth in vivo. Our findings highlight the importance of the rational combination of specific spatial recognition and covalent locking in G4‐trageting drug design and their potential in immunotherapy.
Migration and Precipitation of Platinum in Anion‐Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells
Authors: Raut Aniket , Fang Haoyan , Lin Yu‐Chung , Fu Shi , Sprouster David , Shimogawa Ryuichi , Frenkel Anatoly I. , Bae Chulsung , Douglin John C. , Lillojad Jaana , Tammeveski Kaido , Zeng Zhiqiao , Bliznakov Stoyan , Rafailovich Miriam , Dekel Dario R. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDespite the recent progress in increasing the power generation of Anion‐exchange membrane fuel cells (AEMFCs), their durability is still far lower than that of Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). Using the complementary techniques of X‐ray micro‐computed tomography (CT), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X‐ray (EDX) spectroscopy, we have identified Pt ion migration as an important factor to explain the decay in performance of AEMFCs. In alkaline media Pt+2 ions are easily formed which then either undergo dissolution into the carbon support or migrate to the membrane. In contrast to PEMFCs, where hydrogen cross over reduces the ions forming a vertical “Pt line” within the membrane, the ions in the AEM are trapped by charged groups within the membrane, leading to disintegration of the membrane and failure. Diffusion of the metal components is still observed when the Pt/C of the cathode is substituted with a FeCo−N−C catalyst, but in this case the Fe and Co ions are not trapped within the membrane, but rather migrate into the anode, thereby increasing the stability of the membrane.
Nonclassical Crystallization Causes Dendritic and Band‐Like Microscale Patterns in Inorganic Precipitates
Authors: Nogueira Jéssica A. , Batista Bruno C. , Cooper Maggie A. , Steinbock Oliver 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe self‐organization of complex solids can create patterns extending hierarchically from the atomic to the macroscopic scale. A frequently studied model is the chemical garden system which consists of life‐like precipitate shapes. In this study, we examine the thin walls of chemical gardens using microfluidic devices that yield linear Ni(OH)2 precipitate membranes. We observe distinct light‐scattering patterns within the compositionally pure membranes, including disorganized spots, dendrites, and parallel bands. The bands are tilted with respect to the membrane axis and their spacing (20–100 μm) increases with increasing flow rates. Scanning electron microscopy reveals that the bands consist of submicron particles embedded in a denser material and these particles are also found in the reactant stream. We propose that dendrites and bands arise from the attachment of solution‐borne nanoparticles. The bands are generated by particle‐aggregation zones moving upstream along the slowly advancing membrane surface. The speed of the aggregation zones is proportional to the band distance and defines the system's dispersion relation. This speed‐wavelength dependence and the flow‐opposing motion of the aggregation zones are likely caused by low particle concentrations in the wake of the zones that only slowly recover due to Brownian motion and particle nucleation.
Multifunctional hydrogel‐based electrolytes for thermoelectrochromic devices
Authors: Cannavale Alessandro , Pugliese Marco , De Matteis Valeria , Giannuzzi Roberto , Mancarella Francesca , Valenzano Vitantonio , Ayr Ubaldo , Liuzzi Stefania , Maiorano Vincenzo , Berardi Umberto , Gigli Giuseppe 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn this work, we presented a new thermoelectrochromic device based on the preparation of a hydrogel‐based electrolyte derived from cellulose, namely hydroxypropyl cellulose, with thermochromic properties and a good ion conduction at atmospheric conditions. With these premises, an electrochromic layer of PEDOT:PSS was developed to fabricate a multifunctional device capable of exploiting the TC properties of HCP when the critical temperature of 43°C is reached, where an increase in reflectance of 37% at 420 nm is reported and, at the same time, capable of undergoing a significant modulation of transmittance (52% at 650 nm) when a small external bias (2.5 V) is applied. To our knowledge, it is the first time that a smart window is designed embodying HPC and PEDOT:PSS in a single device, reporting a fully organic system suitable for several applications, from constructions to transportation.
Targeting the binding pocket of the fluorophore 8‐anilinonaphthalene‐1‐sulfonic acid in the bacterial enzyme MurA
Authors: Fathalla Reem K. , Engel Matthias , Ducho Christian 
Published: July 2023

Abstract8‐Anilinonaphthalene‐1‐sulfonic acid (ANS) has been extensively used as a fluorescent probe to detect conformational changes of proteins. It has been cocrystallized with several of the proteins it is used to monitor, including the bacterial cell wall synthesis enzyme MurA. MurA catalyzes the first committed step of peptidoglycan biosynthesis, converting UDP‐N‐acetylglucosamine (UDP‐GlcNAc) into enolpyruvyl UDP‐GlcNAc. It has been reported before that ANS binds to MurA from Enterobacter cloacae without inhibiting the enzyme's activity up to a concentration of 1 mM ANS. In this study, we present evidence that ANS inhibits the activity of several isoforms of MurA with IC50 values of 18, 22, and 31 µM against wild‐type Escherichia coli, C115D E. coli, and E. cloacae MurA, respectively. This prompted us to test a larger series of structural analogs of ANS for the inhibition of these MurA enzymes, which led to the discovery of compound 26. This ANS analog showed enhanced inhibition of MurA (WT and C115D MurA from E. coli, and E. cloacae MurA) with IC50 values of 2.7, 10, and 14 µM, respectively. Based on our results, the ANS binding pocket was identified as a novel target site for the development of potential antibiotics.
Evaluation of combined effects of brief electrical stimulation and Schwann‐like cells on sciatic nerve injury model
Authors: Kilic Mahmut Alp , Abdulova Aynur , Tanriverdi Gamze , Bilgin Mehmet Dincer 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSevere nerve injuries can be treated with electrical stimulation and stem cell therapies, but little is known about the potential benefits of combining these two treatments. In an effort to investigate this combination, we conducted a study to evaluate the effectiveness of electrical stimulation and Schwann‐like cell transplantation in female Wistar albino rats. Our study consisted of five groups of rats: a sham group, an injury group, an electrical stimulation group, a Schwann‐like cell group, and a combination group. The experimental groups received electrical stimulation, Schwann‐like cell transplantation, or both. The animals sciatic function index was evaluated during a 6‐week recovery period, and nerve conduction velocity, wet muscle mass, and nerve tissues were also analyzed. The results of the study showed that all experimental groups had a faster functional recovery compared to the injury group, although the difference between groups was not statistically significant. Both the combination group and the Schwann‐like cell transplantation group had a higher nerve conduction velocity compared to the other experimental groups. However, there was no significant difference between the combination and Schwann‐like cell transplantation groups. Nonetheless, histological analysis showed a better axonal reorganization in the combination group. The study provides preliminary evidence of the potential benefits of combining electrical stimulation and Schwann‐like cell transplantation in treating severe nerve injuries. However, further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to confirm these findings and optimize the treatment parameters.
Chiral LC–MS/MS method for the discrimination of triiodothyronine enantiomers on a crown ether‐based chiral stationary phase
Authors: Choi Byeongchan , Adhikari Suraj , Ji Moong‐gi , Paik Man‐Jeong , Lee Gwang , Lee Wonjae 
Published: July 2023

AbstractConsidering the greater pharmaceutical and clinical interest of triiodothyronine (T3) thyroid hormone, an effective D/L‐T3 enantiomer separation was performed on a crown ether‐based chiral stationary phase by LC–MS/MS. In optimal analytical condition and selected reaction monitoring mode, the two enantiomers of T3 were baseline separated within 10 min. The limit of detection and limit of quantitation were found to be 0.05 and 0.10 ng/μl; 0.20 and 0.50 ng/μl for D‐ and L‐T3, respectively. During validation, this method proved to be feasible, accurate as well as enantioselective and sensitive for the resolution of T3 enantiomers. For commercial D‐ and L‐T3 chemicals, the enantiomeric impurities as the other enantiomer were 0.11% and 4.61%. On the other hand, the impurity as D‐T3 for commercial pharmaceutical products (liothyronine sodium tablets, two suppliers) was 0.68% and 6.57%.
Investigations into the Aqueous Synthesis of Selenoglycoconjugates
Authors: Lim David , Paradisi Francesca 
Published: July 2023

AbstractGlycosylation of bioactive molecules has been found to improve the pharmacokinetic properties of the parent molecule. However, their syntheses often require tedious protecting group manipulations. The development of methodologies which allow direct aqueous conversion of unprotected sugars into glycosides is therefore an ambitious goal. Herein, we present a broadly applicable method for the synthesis of selenoglycosides in water. We show the ease of direct conjugation of unprotected glycosyl diselenides with various biomolecules, including resorcinol, resveratrol, and the antitumor agent, gimeracil, furnishing the corresponding selenoglycoconjugates in up to 96 % yield. We also demonstrate the oxidatively‐triggered release of the bioactive drug from the sugar, priming these molecules for medicinal applications. The generality and broad substrate scope of this novel transformation will provide access to various selenium‐containing glycomimetics and glycoconjugates.
Pd/Co2(CO)8‐mediated bi‐metallic catalysis: Facile synthesis of pharmacologically relevant novel tacrine analogues
Authors: Babu Aravinda , Sunil K. , Sajith Ayyiliath Meleveetil , Muthipeedika Nibin Joy , Santra Sougata , Zyryanov Grigory V. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractFacile synthesis of amino/alkoxy/hydroxy‐carbonylated tacrine analogues by employing Pd/Co2(CO)8 mediated bimetallic catalysis is reported herein. A wide variety of amides and esters have been successfully incorporated at C‐6 of the tacrine core by employing this useful synthetic technology. The major highlight of this methodology includes the use of cobalt carbonyl in catalytic amounts to enhance the efficiency of the overall reaction.
Controlled Mesoscopic Growth of Polymeric Fibers Using Liquid Crystal Template
Authors: Han Jeong Yeon , Kim Kyuhwan , Lee Changjae , Yoon Dong Ki 
Published: July 2023

AbstractOrientation‐controlled polymeric fiber is one of the most exciting research topics to rationalize the multifunctionality for various applications. In order to realize this goal, the growth of polymeric fibers should be controlled using various techniques like extrusion, molding, drawing, and self‐assembly. Among the various candidates to fabricate the orientation‐controlled polymeric fibers, the template‐assisted assembly guided by a liquid crystal (LC) matrix is the most promising because the template can be manipulated easily with various methods like surface anchoring, rubbing, geometric confinement, and electric field. This review introduces the recent progress toward the directed growth of polymeric fibers using the LC template. Three representative LC‐templated polymerization techniques to fabricate fibers include chemical or physical polymerization from the monomers mixed in LC matrix, patterned fibers formed from LC‐templated reactive mesogens, and orientation‐controlled nanofibers by infiltrating vaporized monomers between LC molecules. The orientation‐controlled polymeric fibers will be used in electro‐optical switching tools, tunable hydrophilic or hydrophobic surfaces, and control of phosphorescence, which can open a way to design, fabricate, and modulate nano‐ to micron‐scale fibers with various functions on demand.
The association between perfectionism and academic procrastination among undergraduate nursing students: The role of self‐efficacy and resilience
Authors: Huang Haitao , Ding Yueming , Liang Yipei , Wan Xiao , Peng Qianwen , Zhang Yiming , Kong Deren , Chen Chaoran 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimsThis study aimed to investigate the associations between perfectionism and undergraduate nursing students' academic procrastination, the mediating effects of self‐efficacy and the moderating role of resilience.DesignA cross‐sectional survey.MethodsThe survey was conducted from March to May 2022 with a sample of 587 undergraduate nursing students in two undergraduate universities in China. A descriptive statistical approach, Pearson's correlation analysis and the Hayes' PROCESS Macro model 4 and 14 were used to analyse the available data.ResultsAdaptive perfectionism and maladaptive perfectionism negatively and positively predicted academic procrastination in nursing undergraduates, respectively. Self‐efficacy played a partially mediating role in the association between adaptive perfectionism and academic procrastination. Furthermore, resilience played a moderating role in the association between adaptive perfectionism and academic procrastination.ConclusionsMaladaptive perfectionism and low levels of resilience and self‐efficacy may increase the risk of academic procrastination among nursing undergraduates. Nursing educators can take measures to decrease the risk of academic procrastination among nursing undergraduate students by guiding them to cultivate adaptive perfectionism tendencies and improve their self‐efficacy and resilience.ImpactThe findings of this study can be used to develop targeted coping and prevention measures for nursing educators to reduce the incidence of academic procrastination among nursing undergraduates.Patient or Public ContributionFive hundred eighty‐seven undergraduate nursing students from two undergraduate universities participated in the study and responded to questions on perfectionism and academic procrastination, etc.
Sex‐specific incidence of hepatitis B virus flares among Bcr‐Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitor users in Taiwan
Authors: Wang Ling‐Yi , Chu Sung‐Chao , Chang I‐Yun , Chan K. Arnold 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe use of Bcr‐Abl TKI was found to be associated with hepatitis B (HBV) flares, with a more profound risk observed in females. This study was conducted to characterize the clinical features of patients with HBV flare among Bcr‐Abl TKI users, to estimate sex‐specific incidence rates of HBV flare, and to evaluate potential cumulative effect of Bcr‐Abl TKI.MethodsBcr‐Abl TKI users with chronic HBV infection were identified from Taiwan's National Health Insurance database. The HBV flare cases were identified within the cohort. Incidence rates of HBV flare between men and women were assessed. Nested case–control analysis was used to evaluate the cumulative effect of Bcr‐Abl TKI use on HBV flare.ResultsAmong 415 patients with chronic HBV infection treated with Bcr‐Abl TKI from 2005 through 2018, 45 flare cases (28 males and 17 females) were identified. Days between Bcr‐Abl TKI initiation and HBV flare was 319 days in women compared to 610 days in men. 66.7% of the flares occurred during TKI therapy. Twelve of the 45 patients died, half of them died around 6 months after hepatitis B flare. Incidence rates of HBV flare were 2.34 and 3.33 per 100 person‐years in males and females, respectively. Higher incidence was observed among patients with chronic myeloid leukemia. Cumulative effect of Bcr‐Abl TKI on HBV flare was not observed.ConclusionApproximately 10% of HBV carriers who used Bcr‐Abl TKI experienced HBV flare in Taiwan. The risk was higher in women and among patients with chronic myeloid leukemia.
Real‐world evidence of outcomes of oligometastatic hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer patients treated with metastasis‐directed therapy
Authors: Wenzel Mike , Garcia Cristina C. , Hoeh Benedikt , Jorias Charlotte , Humke Clara , Koll Florestan , Tselis Nikolaos , Rödel Claus , Graefen Markus , Tilki Derya , Chun Felix K. H. , Mandel Philipp 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate characteristics and outcomes of oligometastatic hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) patients undergoing metastases‐directed therapy (MDT) with external beam radiation therapy (EBRT).Materials and MethodsWe relied on an institutional tertiary‐care database to identify mHSPC patients who underwent EBRT as MDT between 12/2019 and 12/2022. Main outcomes consisted of progression to metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) and overall mortality (OM). Oligometastatic was defined as ≤3 metastases and bone and/or lymph node deposits were treated with conventional doses up to 54 Gy or with hypofractionated stereotactic regimes of median 24 Gy (20–27 Gy).ResultsOverall, 37 patients treated with EBRT as MDT were identified. The median follow‐up was 13 months. Median age at MDT was 71 years and 84% exhibited ECOG performance status 0. The median baseline PSA at diagnosis was 10 ng/mL. Overall, primary local therapy consisted of radical prostatectomy (65%), followed by external beam radiation therapy to the prostate (11%), focal therapy (8%), and palliative transurethral resection of the prostate (5%). Overall, 32% exhibited de novo oligometastatic mHSPC. Bone metastases were present in 78% versus 19% lymph node metastases versus 3% both. The distribution of targeted oligo‐metastases was 62% versus 38% for respectively one metastasis versus more than one metastasis. Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) was combined with MDT in 84%. Moreover, 19% received combination therapy with apalutamide/enzalutamide and 12% with abiraterone or docetaxel. The median time to mCRPC was 50 months. In incidence analyses, 13% developed mCRPC after 24 months. OM after 24 months was 15% in mHSPC patients receiving MDT. Significant OM differences were observed after stratification into targeted metastatic burden (<0.05). No high‐grade adverse events were recorded during MDT.ConclusionOur real‐world data suggest that MDT represents a safe treatment option for well‐selected oligometastatic mHSPC patients.
Trace Tungsten Microalloying PtCuCo Medium Entropy Alloys: Substructure Reconstruction‐Triggered High‐Performance for PEMFC
Authors: Chen Zhiming , Wang Qiheng , Jin Chun , Liu Jingjun 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRefractory metals (W, Nb, or Mo) microalloying Pt‐based alloys with unprecedented performance may serve as advanced electrocatalysts for proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). These alloys are endowed with unique stabilizing substructures or lattice defects through the microalloying effect. Herein, trace W microalloying PtCuCo medium entropy alloys (W‐PtCuCo) are reported via a stepwise synthesis strategy, starting with home‐made Cu nanowires as sacrificial templates by anhydrous solid‐phase milling route, and then followed by galvanic replacement‐assisted solvothermal in ethylene glycol (EG). In PEMFC tests, the obtained W‐PtCuCo exhibits an ultrahigh peak power density and mass power density (relative to cathode) reaching 2.09 W cm−2 and 20.9 W mgPt−1, respectively. During the accelerated degradation test (ADT), the mass activity just lost only 3% after 30 k cycles, much better than the above benchmark catalyst. The microalloying‐dependent performances shall be attributed to the presence of abundant stepped surfaces, twisted edges, and other lattice defects terminated by W via substructure reconstruction that indeed alters the electronic structure and strain level of the alloys. This work first provides an atomic‐level insight into the microalloying‐dependent electrocatalytic performance of Pt‐based alloys, which is of great significance for developing next‐generation efficient catalysts for PEMFC.