bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On costless‐renegotiation proofing in binary agency models
Authors: Lukas Christian 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis paper analyzes the occurrence of renegotiation costs in dynamic, binary agency models with a risk‐averse agent. I investigate technological interdependence arising from complementary tasks or substitutable tasks across periods. In addition, I analyze stochastic interdependence between periods. The analysis leads to two results. First, the timeliness of performance measures leads to zero costs from renegotiation. Surprisingly, timeliness may arise even in the case of stochastic interdependence. Second, neither technological nor stochastic interdependence is sufficient for renegotiation losses. The former finding is in line with results obtained in the LEN model, but the latter contrasts. In the binary agency model, renegotiation does not harm efficiency as long as raising incentives in the second period is ineffective for inducing higher effort in the first period.
Tunable dual‐spectral plasmon‐induced transparency in terahertz Dirac semimetal metamaterials
Authors: Wang Qiang‐guo , Gao Bo , Wu Ge , Tian Xiao‐Jian , Liu Lie 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe have numerically studied a tunable dual‐spectral plasmon‐induced transparency metamaterial structure based on Dirac semimetal films in the terahertz region. The structure was composed of three length‐variant parallel coplanar strips. The dual‐spectral plasmon‐induced transparency is mainly induced by the bright‐bright modes coupling between neighboring Dirac semimetal strips. By adjusting the Fermi energies of Dirac semimetal strips, the individual and synchronous modulation of the dual‐transparency window in resonance frequency, bandwidth and strength can be obtained, respectively. Simultaneous change of the Fermi energies of all the strips can achieve an overall frequency shift of the dual‐transparency window, with the frequency modulation depth of 21.7% and 20.0%, respectively. The maximum group delays of 5.26 and 3.57 ps for each window were calculated in our proposed structure. The simulation results demonstrated the potential of the proposed structure to expand the applications for slow‐light systems, filters, and switchers in the terahertz region.
The association between levator plate integrity and pelvic floor defaecatory dysfunction
Authors: Hainsworth Alison , Solanki Deepa , Ferrari Linda , Igbedioh Carlene , Johnston Liam , Morris Samantha J. , Igualada‐Martinez Paula , Schizas Alexis M. P. , Williams Andrew B. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimsLevator ani deficiency has been implicated in anterior pelvic floor pathology but its association with pelvic floor defaecatory dysfunction is less clear. The aim was to examine the relationship of levator ani deficiency with anatomical abnormalities (rectocoele, intussusception, enterocoele, perineal descent) and patient symptoms (bowel, vagina) in patients with pelvic floor defaecatory dysfunction.MethodsThe prospective observational case series of 223 women presenting to a tertiary colorectal pelvic floor unit with defaecatory dysfunction. Each underwent assessment with symptom severity and quality of life (QoL) scores, integrated total pelvic floor ultrasound (PFUS) (transvaginal, transperineal) and defaecation proctography (DP). Rectocoele, intussusception, enterocoele and perineal descent were assessed on both. Levator ani deficiency was scored using endovaginal ultrasound (score 0–18; mild [0–6], moderate [>6–12], severe [>12–18]).ResultsThe proportion of patients with rectocoele, enterocoele, and intussusception increased with increasing levator ani damage (mild, moderate, severe). There was a weakly positive correlation between size of rectocoele and levator ani deficiency. On PFUS, there was a weakly positive correlation between severity of intussusception and enterocoele with levator ani deficiency. On DP, there was a weakly positive correlation between perineal descent and levator ani deficiency. There was no association between bowel symptom and QoL scores and levator ani deficiency. Vaginal symptoms were associated with levator ani deficiency.ConclusionsAnatomical abnormalities which are implicated in pelvic floor defaecatory dysfunction (rectocoele, intussusception, enterocoele, perineal descent) were associated with worsening levator ani deficiency. There was no association between bowel symptoms and levator ani deficiency. Vaginal symptoms were associated with levator ani deficiency.
Concurrent intrinsic optical imaging and fMRI at ultra‐high field using magnetic field proof optical components
Authors: Bernard Rebekka , Valverde Salzmann Matthias , Scheffler Klaus , Pohmann Rolf 
Published: January 2023

Intrinsic optical imaging (IOI) is a well established technique to quantify activation‐related hemodynamical changes at the surface of the brain, which can be used to investigate the underlying processes of BOLD signal formation. To directly and quantitatively relate IOI and fMRI, simultaneous measurements with the two modalities are necessary. Here, a novel technical solution for a completely in‐bore setup is presented, which uses only magnetic field proof components and thus allows concurrent recordings with a quality similar to that obtained in separate experiments. Measurements of the somatosensory cortex of rats with electrical forepaw stimulation were used to verify this approach. The high spatial and temporal resolution of the fMRI data, which is possible due to the high magnetic field of 14.1 T, the use of a point‐spread function‐based distortion correction and optimized additional anatomical images, allowed accurate colocalization of the images of the two modalities. Accordingly, detailed investigations of the temporal and spatial relationships between the hemodynamic parameters and the fMRI signal, which demonstrate the linear dependence of the BOLD effect on changes in the concentrations of oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin, are possible. Comparisons between the signals emerging from arterial, venous and parenchymal areas are possible and show clearly distinct characteristics. The presented setup allows combining MRI measurements and optical recordings without serious losses in the data quality of either modality. While the proposed combination of fMRI and IOI can help to gain valuable insight into the generation of the BOLD effect, the setup can be easily modified to include different types of optical or MRI measurements.
Solution methods to the nearest rotation matrix problem in ℝ3: A comparative survey
Authors: Sarabandi Soheil , Thomas Federico 
Published: January 2023

AbstractNowadays, the singular value decomposition (SVD) is the standard method of choice for solving the nearest rotation matrix problem. Nevertheless, many other methods are available in the literature for the 3D case. This article reviews the most representative ones, proposes alternative ones, and presents a comparative analysis to elucidate their relative computational costs and error performances. This analysis leads to the conclusion that some algebraic closed‐form methods are as robust as the SVD, but significantly faster and more accurate.
Evidence from single case research on social skills interventions for preschoolers at‐risk for EBD: A scoping review and application of quality indicators
Authors: Dong Xin , Sanchez Lisa , Burke Mack D. , Bowman‐Perrott Lisa 
Published: January 2023

AbstractResearch suggests that 10%–20% of preschoolers have emotional and behavioral problems that would place them at‐risk for development of emotional and behavioral disorders (EBD). Preschool children who exhibit early onset of antisocial and externalizing problem behaviors require early social‐behavioral interventions focused on social skills. A scoping review was conducted that identified 33 single‐case research design studies on social skills interventions for preschoolers. Quality indicatiors were used to examine the design quality of the studies included. A total of 19 studies met quality standards with reservation or met standards without reservations. 43 participants in 11 studies conducted by 10 research teams showed evidence to support social skills interventions as effective interventions. The majority of the evaluated studies (97%) reported IOA. These findings contribute to the growing literature base underscoring social skills interventions in early childhood settings.
Phytotherapeutic alternatives for neurodegenerative dementias: Scientific review, discussion and therapeutic proposal
Authors: Acero Nuria , Ortega Teresa , Villagrasa Victoria , Leon Gemma , Muñoz‐Mingarro Dolores , Castillo Encarna , González‐Rosende M. Eugenia , Borrás Silvia , Rios Jose Luis , Bosch‐Morell Francisco , Martínez‐Solís Isabel 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe incidence and prevalence of age‐related neurodegenerative dementias have been increasing. There is no curative therapy and conventional drug treatment can cause problems for patients. Medicinal plants traditionally used for problems associated with ageing are emerging as a therapeutic resource. The main aim is to give a proposal for use and future research based on scientific knowledge and tradition. A literature search was conducted in several searchable databases. The keywords used were related to neurodegenerative dementias, ageing and medicinal plants. Boolean operators and filters were used to focus the search. As a result, there is current clinical and preclinical scientific information on 49 species used in traditional medicine for ageing‐related problems, including neurodegenerative dementias. There are preclinical and clinical scientific evidences on their properties against protein aggregates in the central nervous system and their effects on neuroinflammation, apoptosis dysregulation, mitochondrial dysfunction, gabaergic, glutamatergic and dopaminergic systems alterations, monoamine oxidase alterations, serotonin depletion and oestrogenic protection. In conclusion, the potential therapeutic effect of the different medicinal plants depends on the type of neurodegenerative dementia and its stage of development, but more clinical and preclinical research is needed to find better, safer and more effective treatments.
Watersheds and stream networks viewed longitudinally: Example insights from novel spatial portrayals of watershed characteristics
Authors: Raulerson Scott , Sytsma Caleb , Webster Jackson R. , Jackson C. Rhett 
Published: January 2023

AbstractLongitudinal depictions of watershed structure and characteristics, including topography, stream networks, wetlands, ground water levels, and land use, can provide watershed knowledge and understanding unavailable from standard plan view maps. Three case studies provide examples of knowledge gained by applying longitudinal views of stream networks, watershed hydrologic behavior, and land use distributions. Longitudinal views of mountain stream networks show extreme variability in the slope‐area relationships of low Strahler order streams, large discontinuities in drainage area (large parts of drainage area space are absent in networks), and large variations in network curvature. Longitudinal views of a groundwater‐dominated headwater watershed increase the inference available from limited groundwater observations and clearly reveal how groundwater connections affect the permanence of surface water features and the distribution of vadose zone storage in the landscape. Plotting land uses longitudinally illuminates and allows a quantitative analysis of how land uses are distributed relative to topographic position. Viewing watersheds and stream networks longitudinally can provide new insights into watershed forms and processes and motivate new questions and research.
In Vitro Cytocompatibility and Anti‐biofilm Properties of Electrodeposited Ternary‐Ion‐Doped Hydroxyapatite Coatings on Ti for Orthopaedic Applications
Authors: Bian Anqi , Jia Fenghuan , Wu Zongze , Li Meiyu , Yang Hao , Huang Xiao , Xie Lei , Qiao Haixia , Lin He , Huang Yong 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCurrently, there is a growing market for implant coatings that efficiently ward off bacterial infections while aiding in clinical osseointegration. Due to its potential to have a number of functions (including osteogenic activity and antibacterial activity) for bone implantation, the hydroxyapatite (HA) coating doped with multiple ions has drawn a lot of attention. In this study, innovative nanohydroxyapatite coatings containing simultaneous Sr2+, Mn2+, and Ag+ substitutions (MnSrAgHA) were devised and effectively electrodedeposited on pure titanium. That is, the antibacterial ability of MnSrAgHA was enhanced by Ag+, Sr2+ and Mn2+ not only can balance the potential cytotoxicity of Ag+, but also can improve the bone repair rate of composite materials. Some experimental (FE‐SEM, XPS and EDS, etc.) results about the characterization show that Sr2+, Mn2+ and Ag+ can uniformly combine into the HA lattice to form the SrMnAgHA coating. The MnSrAgHA coating surface was rather dense, with numerous needle‐like or flower cluster crystals, and the coating thickness is approximately 10 μm. Moreover, compared with other coatings (HA, AgHA and SrAgHA), the MnSrAgHA coating had a smaller roughness and higher contact angle. However, the contact angle of MnSrAgHA was still within the hydrophilic range. Staphylococcus aureus growth was inhibited by the MnSrAgHA coating, and the antibacterial rate was almost 100 %. The MnSrAgHA coating dramatically enhanced cell proliferation, adhesion, and differentiation abilities, according to in‐vitro cell culture studies. As expected, osteoblasts are not significantly cytotoxic by the MnSrAgHA coating. Due to its adaptability, the multi‐element co‐doped HA coating (MnSrAgHA) offers enormous clinical application potential in anti‐infective repair.
Water‐SDS‐Ionic Liquid Catalytic System for the Synthesis of Pyrano‐chromenes and in‐silicio Approach to Predict Inhibitory Activity Against Mpro of SARS‐CoV‐2**
Authors: Rudra Paul Abhijit , Debnath Sudhan , Majumdar Swapan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA simple, efficient and rapid one pot green synthesis of pyrano‐chromene derivatives have been realized by using water‐SDS‐neutral ionic liquid ([BMIm]Br) miceller system via sequential addition of aromatic aldehyde, malonitrile (Knoevenagel condensation) followed by 4‐hydroxy coumarin. In all cases the obtained products were produced well to excellent yields. This protocol shifts a versatile solvent‐catalyst system, which has many advantages such as eco‐friendly condition, simple workup and reuse (recycle) of post reaction waste containing sodium dodecyl sulphate and ionic liquid without loss of catalytic activity. The efficacy of the synthesised compounds as inhibitors of the SARS‐CoV‐2 main protease (Mpro) was investigated through molecular docking studies. Our study showed that most of the synthetic compounds exhibited excellent capability to block the SARS‐CoV‐2 Mpro by binding with crucial amino acid residues in catalytic pockets, compared to naturally occurring known SARS‐CoV‐2 Mpro inhibitors, flavonoids like Baicalein, Quercetin, and Quercetagetin.
The relationship between childhood gender nonconformity, aversive childhood experiences, and mental health in heterosexual and non‐heterosexual cisgender men: The buffering effect of sense of coherence
Authors: Issler Tobias C. , Ferreira de Sá Diana , Michael Tanja , Schäfer Sarah K. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractChildhood gender nonconformity (CGNC) seems to be associated with more mental health problems in adulthood. Previous research has suggested that this link might be mediated via the increased risk for aversive childhood experiences (ACEs) as a negative social reaction to CGNC. However, no study yet examined the role of resilience factors in this relationship. The present study aims to address this gap by examining the potential buffering effect of sense of coherence (SOC). In a German sample of 371 cisgender men, we used mediation models to investigate the relationship between CGNC, ACEs, and mental health problems in adulthood, that is, depressive symptoms, loneliness, and suicidal behavior. We then employed moderated mediation models to examine the buffering effect of SOC on the association ACEs and mental health problems. The results showed that higher levels of CGNC were associated with more severe adult mental health problems, with this link being partially mediated by higher levels of ACEs. For depressive symptoms and suicidal behavior in the last 12 months, we found evidence of a buffering effect of SOC. Higher levels of SOC were associated with a weaker association between ACEs and mental health problems. In contrast, this effect was absent for loneliness and lifetime suicidal behavior. Our study provides evidence that ACEs partly account for the relationship between CGNC and mental health in adulthood. Moreover, we found support for SOC having a buffering effect on this link. Future studies need to examine whether SOC might be an important target for resilience training in those experiencing CGNC. However, sustainable interventions may rather address the negative social reactions to CGNC.
A New Interpretation of Gas Viscosity for Flow through Micro‐Capillaries and Pores
Authors: Islam Md. Akhtarul , Ulbricht Mathias 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe Hagen–Poiseuille equation for gas flow had never been derived theoretically; it is rather a simple analogy of the same for liquid flow, and “gas viscosity” is a measure for overall resistance to flow. In this work, experimental flow data for different gases through capillaries and porous media, reported in literature by different groups, including those measured and treated by Knudsen are treated with Hagen–Poiseuille equation, but taking “gas viscosity” as an adjustable parameter. It is found that, at constant temperature, there exists an unambiguous relation between the viscosity (µ) of a given gas, and the product of average pressure (Pav) and capillary diameter (D). In addition, for Pav*D < 0.01, a universal linear relation exists between µ/M0.5 (where M is molecular mass) for different gases and the parameter Pav*D. The new interpretation of gas viscosity avoids the differentiation of regimes into “Knudsen” and “viscous” flow as it is frequently done in literature. The concept can be applied to obtain a reliable data base for gas viscosities in different fields of applications, for example in microfluidic systems or the analysis of pore size distributions of filters and membranes by gas flow porometry.
Carrier Relaxation and Multiplication in Bi Doped Graphene
Authors: Liu Qi , Lu Xianyang , Liu Yuxiang , Li Zhihao , Yan Pengfei , Chen Wang , Meng Qinghao , Zhang Yongheng , Yam ChiYung , He Liang , Yan Yu , Zhang Yi , Wu Jing , Frauenheim Thomas , Zhang Rong , Xu Yongbing 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBy introducing different contents of Bi adatoms to the surface of monolayer graphene, the carrier concentration and their dynamics have been effectively modulated as probed directly by the time‐ and angle‐resolved photoemission spectroscopy technique. The Bi adatoms are found to assist acoustic phonon scattering events mediated by supercollisions as the disorder effectively relaxes the momentum conservation constraint. A reduced carrier multiplication has been observed, which is related to the shrinking Fermi sea for scattering, as confirmed by time‐dependent density functional theory simulation. This work gives insight into hot carrier dynamics in graphene, which is crucial for promoting the application of photoelectric devices.
Microscopic Cascading Devices for Boosting Mucus Penetration in Oral Drug Delivery—Micromotors Nesting Inside Microcontainers
Authors: Maric Tijana , Adamakis Vaios , Zhang Zhongyang , Milián‐Guimerá Carmen , Thamdrup Lasse Højlund Eklund , Stamate Eugen , Ghavami Mahdi , Boisen Anja 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn the case of macromolecules and poorly permeable drugs, oral drug delivery features low bioavailability and low absorption across the intestinal wall. Intestinal absorption can be improved if the drug formulation could be transported close to the epithelium. To achieve this, a cascade delivery device comprising Magnesium‐based Janus micromotors (MMs) nesting inside a microscale containers (MCs) has been conceptualized. The device aims at facilitating targeted drug delivery mediated by MMs that can lodge inside the intestinal mucosa. Loading MMs into MCs can potentially enhance drug absorption through increased proximity and unidirectional release. The MMs will be provided with optimal conditions for ejection into any residual mucus layer that the MCs have not penetrated. MMS confined inside MCs propel faster in the mucus environment as compared to non‐confined MMs. Upon contact with a suitable fuel, the MM‐loaded MC itself can also move. An in vitro study shows fast release profiles and linear motion properties in porcine intestinal mucus compared to more complex motion in aqueous media. The concept of dual‐acting cascade devices holds great potential in applications where proximity to epithelium and deep mucus penetration are needed.
Achieving Ultra‐Stable All‐Solid‐State Sodium Metal Batteries with Anion‐Trapping 3D Fiber Network Enhanced Polymer Electrolyte
Authors: Guo Junhong , Feng Fan , Zhao Shiqiang , Wang Rui , Yang Meng , Shi Zhenhai , Ren Yufeng , Ma Zifeng , Chen Suli , Liu Tianxi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAll‐solid‐state sodium metal batteries paired with solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) are considered a promising candidate for high energy‐density, low‐cost, and high‐safety energy storage systems. However, the low ionic conductivity and inferior interfacial stability with Na metal anode of SPEs severely hinder their practical applications. Herein, an anion‐trapping 3D fiber network enhanced polymer electrolyte (ATFPE) is developed by infusing poly(ethylene oxide) matrix into an electrostatic spun fiber framework loading with an orderly arranged metal‐organic framework (MOF). The 3D continuous channel provides a fast Na+ transport path leading to high ionic conductivity, and simultaneously the rich coordinated unsaturated cation sites exposed on MOF can effectively trap anions, thus regulating Na+ concentration distribution for constructing stable electrolyte/Na anode interface. Based on such advantages, the ATFPE exhibits high ionic conductivity and considerable Na+ transference number, as well as enhanced interfacial stability. Consequently, Na/Na symmetric cells using this ATFPE possess cyclability over 600 h at 0.1 mA cm−2 without discernable Na dendrites. Cooperated with Na3V2(PO4)3 cathode, the all‐solid‐state sodium metal batteries (ASSMBs) demonstrate significantly improved rate and cycle performances, delivering a high discharge capacity of 117.5 mAh g−1 under 0.1 C and rendering high capacity retention of 78.2% after 1000 cycles even at 1 C.