bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Gibberellic Acid and Calcium Carbonate on some Indicators of the Quality of Cut Flowers of Chrysanthemum Plant (Dendranthema grandiflorum Ramat.)
Authors: Allawii Saja S. I. , Adil Asmaa M. , Al-Dabbagh Abdullah M. S. , Al-Atrakchii Ammar O. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This experiment was carried out in the laboratory of the College of Agric. and Forestry at the University of Mosul, with the aim of studying some indicators of the cut inflorescences quality of two cultivars of the Chrysanthemum plant (Dendranthema grandiflorum Ramat.) with white and red inflorescences and delaying their senescence, as the bases of the cut inflorescences were immersed in the holding solution containing gibberellic acid at 0 and 25 mgl−1 and calcium carbonate at 0, 100 and 200 mgl−1 and their interactions. The Factorial experiment was conducted by a randomized complete block design. The results indicated that the cultivar with white inflorescences were recorded a significant increase in the values of the characteristics of the relative change in the inflorescences fresh weight and the amount of change in the inflorescences diameter, which reached to 87.79% and 87.37%, respectively, a significant increase was recorded in the volume of water absorbed by inflorescences and the inflorescences dry weight at the end of the experiment. The immersion in gibberellic acid at 25 mgl−1 resulted in a significant increase in the change of inflorescences fresh weight, change in the inflorescence diameter, volume of water absorbed of 10.19 cm3 and inflorescences dry weight 1.21 g. While immersion in calcium carbonate at 200 mgl−1 led to a significant increase in the amount of change in the inflorescences fresh weight, the change in the inflorescence’s diameter, and the inflorescences dry weight, which were 87.46%, 87.38%, and 1.270 g, respectively. It can be said that the inflorescences of the red variety that were added to the preservation solution of gibberellic acid at 25 mgl−1 and calcium carbonate at 200 mgl−1 recorded the largest significant values for the characteristics of the change in the inflorescences fresh weight, change in the inflorescence diameter, and the volume of water absorbed.
Evaluation of Efficiency Different Concentrations of SURAGE Herbicides on the Growth and Yield of Two Varieties of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and Associated Weeds
Authors: Wahab Saja Essam Abdel , Aljuburi Dheyaa Fathi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe experiment, was carried out during the 2021-2022 agricultural season in two locations, the first location in AlNamrood, district, 40 km south east of the city center, and the second location in Tal kaif district, 15 km north of the city center, with different soil textures, in to evaluate the efficiency of different concentrations of SURAGE and varieties in growth and wheat (Triticum aestivumL.) and associated weeds. The experiment include two factors, The first was two Varieties of wheat (Tal Afar 3 and Wafia) and the second factor was SURAGE herbicide with three concentrations (SURAGE -25, SURAGE R.C and SURAGE +25), control treatment was SURAGE -25 (25% less than the recommended concentration, 75% a.i. of the recommended concentration), SURAGE R.C. (100%, a.i. the recommended concentration), SURAGE +25 (more than the recommended concentration by 25%, a.i. 125% of the recommended concentration) in addition of control. The experiment application according factorial experiment system (split-plot) using RCBD and Duncan’s multiple range test was used to compare average the treatment. The most important results can be SURAGE R.C. and SURAGE + 25 have the lowest total weight of weeds with an efficiency rate of 61.83% and 58.8%, respectively in AlNamrood location, and treatment SURAGE + 25 in Tal kaif location efficiency rate of 39.53%. have treatment SURAGE R.C. the highest yield at Al-Nimrod and Tal kaif location was 60.83% and 51.04% for AlNamrood and Tal kaif location, respectively.
Potential of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria on Growth of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L) under Field Condition
Authors: Mahmood S. A. , Aldabagh E. J. , Aljanabi A. R. , Jabbar A. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This research was conducted to use different types of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR)which included (Rhizobium,Azotobacter and Asospirillum sp.) as single or mixed biofertilizer for two biovar of potato crop (white Arnova (A) and red Manitou (B)) in Latefia research station. Field with 29m × 40m (length× width) was prepared at al- Latefea Research Station, during spring season. Soil was sleeked and permutated by machine, lines each 4m were chapped and prepared for culturing. The tubers of potato were soaked into Azotobacter spp., Azosperillium spp., Rhizobium spp. culture separtory and in corbination ; treated potato were ground under soil. Germination percentage, chlorophyll content and yield weight were analyzed for comparsion between these treatments. Germination results that percentage for Arnova class in Rhizobium spp.100%, Azotobacter spp.100%, could replace chemical fertilizer formula. Manitou class augmented with Azospirillum spp. gave the best germination percentage 96.7% While, Potato treated with Rhizobium spp. culture gave the highest weight in compassion with chemical fertilizer and other treatments, it was 6.283gm. On other hand, mixed culture of Rhizobium spp., Azotobacter spp. and Azosperillium spp. could replace efficiently the recommended formula of chemical fertilizer, the mean of weight became 5.6 gm. Chlorophyll content in Arnova and Manitou did not any change as compaied to control treatment, the application of biofertilizer with bacterial culture of Azosperillum sp. gave 49.77 followed by mixed culture Rhizobium spp3and Azosperillium spp1it was 48.37.
A comparison of Nine Grape Vitis vinifera L. Cultivars Growing in Iraq’s Kurdistan Region in Terms of Their Vegetative Growth and Physicochemical Traits
Authors: Sidiq Kasnazany Sidiq A. , Mirza Avin Noori , Mahmood Anwar Mohammed Raouf , Rahman Shex Sidiq Abdul , Hameed Jalil Shamsadden , Nasrulla Kosar Baqi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This research was conducted in 2022 to evaluate nine grape cultivars Mkyaj (Manicure finger), Sheery (Riesling), Yaghute-Rash (Moon drops black seedless), Superior (Superior sugraone), Super-Kamale (Super Kamali), Ukraine (Pinot noir), Kakawi (Pecorino), Bokhur (Bhokri) and Gulawi (Gulab) which were chosen from Shar-Bazher, Sitak, Sulaimani governorate, Kurdistan region, Iraq. The purpose of this research was to compare growth and physio-chemical characteristics of the nine cultivars grape. The results showed that there were differences amongst cultivars in terms of the characteristics studied, in term of leaf area cm2 and number of berries cluster−1 Sheery cultivar is over-topped, and firmness followed by Super-Kamali cv. which recorded the highest value for chlorophyll content index (CCI), the weight of 100 berries, weight pulp of 100 berries, and size of 100 berries. Gulawi cultivar had the highest weight of seed berry−1 and the diameter of berries was significantly overtopped. The Superior cultivar was significantly superior to other cultivars regarding weight of cluster. The results showed the cultivar of Sheery obtained the maximum values of total sugar percentage and total phenolic (mg 100g−1 FW), with 16.839 %, and 335.794 mg 100g−1 FW, respectively. Gulawi cultivar gave a higher value of TTA% and TSS% with (0.912% and 20.833%). Yaghute-Rash cultivar achieved maximum values of pH and anthocyanin (mg 100g−1 FW), 3.570 and 96.359 mg 100g−1 FW respectively. While the Ukraine cultivar gave the maximum values of ascorbic acid mg 100g−1 FW with 756.176 mg 100g−1 FW. Mkyaj and Superior cultivars gave a higher value of juice and moisture content with (82.833% and 84.252%).
Evaluation of Yield and its Components of Durum Wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) Cultivars Grown Under Rain-Fed and Supplementary Irrigation Locations in Nineveh Province
Authors: Abdulrahman Al-Ajrawy Y. H. , Alrijabo Abdulsattar A. , Antar Salim Hammadi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
A field experiment was carried out in two locations (Talkaif and Fayda) in Nineveh Province during the agricultural season (2021-2022) to evaluate 30 cultivars of durum wheat in terms of yield and its components under two Irrigation patterns (supplementary Irrigation SI and Rain-fed), the results showed that the cultivars differed significantly among themselves, the cultivar Firat -93 was significantly higher than the other cultivars in the two locations of Telkaif and Fayda in the No. of spikes.m−2 and the weight of 1000 grains, as it gave (396.67 spikes.m−2, 48 gm.) and (281.33 spikes.m−2, 39.52gm.), respectively. The cultivars Dor-29, Fada 98, and Sarıbasak was superior in the No. of grains.spike−1 for both locations (42.17, 41.67, 41.33) and (30.17, 29, 29.17) respectively, while the cultivar Acsad-65 excelled in grains yield gm.m−2 for both locations (531.39, 226.76), respectively. The two cultivars Smito and Saribasak excelled in terms of grains yield in Fayda location only, reaching (223.4, 214.78 gm.m−2), respectively, while the two cultivars Smito and Ari achieved significant superiority in biological yield. (943.67, 918.33 gm.m−2). As for the Irrigation pattern, all cultivars grown under the SI pattern achieved significant superiority for all traits and for both locations of the experiment.
Effect of Alar and Light Intensity on the Leaves Content of some Nutrients and Chemical Compounds of Juniper Plant (Juniperus Sabina L.)
Authors: Abbas Amir Abdulkadir , Al-Bakkar Alaa Hussien A. Q. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The experiment was conducted at the Agricultural Research and Experiment Station of the Department of Horticulture and Landscaping, College of Agriculture - University of Kirkuk in Al-Sayada, located at latitude 35.23 North and longitude 44.20 East and at an altitude of 300 meters above sea level for a full year from 1/6/2021 to 1/6 /2022 on the seedlings of the juniper plant (Juniperus Sabina L.) at one year of age to know the effect of foliar spraying with Alar, three concentrations (0, 750 and 1500 mg.L−1) and two levels of light intensity (50% indoors woody canopy and 100% direct sunlight). on the content of leaves of nutrients and chemical compounds. Using the randomized complete block design (RCBD) system, with three replications, three seedlings in one experimental unit, spraying with the Alar growth retardant at a concentration of (1500) mg.l−1 resulted in a significant increase in the percentage of the leaf content of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, carbohydrates and protein, as it gave an average of (2.573%, 0.465%, 2.995%, 14.928%, 16.079%), respectively. Also, when exposing the cultivated plants in the city of Kirkuk to a light intensity of 50%, it led to a significant increase in all the studied traits of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, carbohydrates and protein in the leaves gave an average of (2.877%, 0.477%, 3.460%, 15.218%, and 3.460%), respectively. As for the bilateral interfere between the Alar at a concentration of (1500) mg.L-1 and the intensity of light at the level of 50%, it gave the highest percentage of the content of the leaves of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, carbohydrates and protein at rates of (3.465%, 0.690%, 3.950%, 16.215%)., 21.657%), respectively, with a significant difference with the rest of the other interventions.
Evaluation of Bread Wheat Varieties Performance and their Stability at Levels of Seeds Fogging with Seaweed Extract Alga-600 and Types of Compound Fertilizers
Authors: Al-Jumaily Abdulsalam Rajab Ahmed , Al-Aaty Yaser Hasan Saleh , Al-Zubaidy Khalid M. D. , Naeef Anas J. , Saleem Farhan Raheem 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The study was carried out with the aim of testing the environmental genetic interaction of bread wheat traits: plant height, number of leaves/plant, number of tillers/plant, number of spikes/m2, 1000 grains weight, number of grains/spike and grain yield and estimating the broad sense heritability and stability parameters of the varieties Dijla, IPA99, Chad, Gihan, Buro and Bohuth22, which were grown under irrigated conditions at the Horticultural Research Station in Hawija during the agricultural season 2019-2020 and in six environments resulting from combinations of two levels of fogging with seaweed extract Alga-600 (fogging and non-fogging) and three levels of compound fertilizers (Yara 160 kg/ha, Yara 240 kg/ha, and DAP 320 kg/ha) using split-split plots in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The analysis of variance for genetic-environmental interaction showed that the mean square of each of the varieties and environments was highly significant for all traits except the number of leaves/plant in case of environments, and the interaction of varieties x environments was highly significant for the traits of number of tillers/plant, 1000 grains weight, number of grains per spike, and grain yield. The broad sense heritability ranged between 20.7% for number of leaves/plant and 84.4% for grain yield, as it was high for the traits of plant height, number of grains/spike, and grain yield, moderate for number of tillers/plant, and low for the other traits. The results of the stability parameters showed that the variety Chad was characterized by high stability for most traits, except 1000 grains weight and grain yield, to which it appeared to respond only in good environments, followed by the variety Bohuth22, which showed stability for four traits (number of leaves per plant, number of tillers per plant, 1000 grains weight and grain yield), then the two varieties Dijla and Buro, each of which has high stability for four traits that do not include the grain yield.
Response of Growth and Yield Characteristics of Fenugreek to Spraying with Cytokinines and Licorice Extrac
Authors: Ahmed Doaa Mohamed , Mheidi Usama H. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The impact of Cytokinines and licorice extract on the development and yield of fenugreek plants was investigated in a field experiment conducted during the 2021–2022 winter season in a farmer’s field in Anbar Governorate on the banks of the Euphrates River. Four different cytokinin concentrations were used in the experiment (0,75,150 and 225). In addition to the control group’s L-1 mg, four concentrations of licorice extract (0,10,20 and 30) g L-1 were used in the experiment’s secondary plates. Development and production in plants (Plant height, number of plant branches, and dry weight). Plant height (63.08 cm), number of plant branches (5.89), dry weight of the vegetative total (21.47), number of pods per plant (40.03), number of seeds per pod (19.68), and weight of 100 seeds (1.529) were all significantly higher in the 30 g L-1 concentration than in the licorice extract (10.31). Plants sprayed with a concentration of 250 mg L-1 of cytokinin and 30 g L-1 of licorice extract gave the highest rates in most vegetative traits and yield, indicating that the interaction coefficients between cytokinines and licorice extract were significantly superior.
The Effect of Planting Distances and Foliar Fertilization with Zinc on Yield and its Components of Soybean Crop
Authors: Hussein Mamoun A. , Sarhan Ismail A. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This study aims to examine the effect of planting distance and zinc foliar fertilization on soybean yield and its constituents; a field experiment was conducted in the summer of 2022 at the Hamidiyah research station of the College of Agriculture at the University of Anbar (var. Shaimaa). Three replicates of the experiment were conducted using a randomized complete block design (R.C.B.D) with a Split Plot layout. Zinc concentrations were varied across the main plots (0, 25, 50, and 75 mg Zn l-1), while planting distances (7, 14, 21, and 28 cm) were varied across the sub-plots, yielding densities of 190,000, 95,555, 63,333, and 47,777 plants ha-1, respectively. It was found that the number of pods per plant, the number of seeds per pod, the fertility rate, the total seed yield, and the biological yield were all maximized at a planting distance of 28 cm (low density), with averages of 149.1 pod plant-1, 2.90 seeds pod-1, 88.67%, 5.552 tons ha-1, and 15.94 tons ha-1, respectively. The average harvest index was 37.30% at a distance of 21 cm. However, the greatest average weight of 100 seeds was found at a distance of 7 cm (high density) (12.10 gm). The results also showed that a zinc concentration of 75 mg L-1 was optimal in terms of total seed yield (5.365 tons ha-1), the fertility rate (86.67%), the weight of 100 seeds (12.81 gm), and biological yield (16.33 tons ha-1). For most measures of yield and its components, there was no evidence of an effect of planting distance on zinc concentration.
The Effect of Phytase Addition in Promoting Partial Replacement of Soybean Meal with Sesame Seed Meal on the Hematological and Biochemical Criteria of Common Carp Fish Cyprinus carpio L.
Authors: Muhsen Tariq M. , Mohammad Mahmoud A. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The goal of this study is to study the effects of substitution of soybean meal by sesame seed meal in the diet of common carp, Cyprinus carpio L. Fish were fed seven experimental diets that included soybean meal substituted with sesame seed at 25, 35 and 45 percent, respectively, in the second, fourth and sixth diets and phytase (1200 IU\ Kg) added with the same replacement in the third, fifth and seventh diets, as well as the control diet (first diet). The data analysis of the edible portion of the body demonstrated a significant superiority (P ≤ 0.05) in the dry matter and crude protein criterion for fish fed the phytase-containing ration over the control ration. The high ether extract and proportion of phosphorus deposited in the bodies of fish fed the fourth and seventh diets, but the percentage of ash did not differ significantly from the control diet. Fish fed the third diet had a significant increase in PCV, Hb and TP, whereas fish fed the seven diets had such a significant increase in the value of globulin when compared to the other experimental diets. When fish were fed the seventh diet compared to the control diet, albumin levels were significantly higher, while glucose levels were lower significantly in control compared with the rest of the experimental rations. However, there was no significant difference in cholesterol levels between the different experimental treatments. As fish were given the seventh diet, the percentage of triglycerides increased significantly and the ALT and AST criteria decreased significantly when compared to the control diet.
Effect of Adding Selenium Vitamin E to Feed Containing Acetic Acid on Milk Production and its Fat Content in Awassi Ewes
Authors: Kasim H. W. , Abdullah M. N. , Hamad I. H. , Almallah O. D. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The study was conducted in the animal barn of the Agricultural Research Department/ Nineveh Research Department / Ministry of Agriculture during the period of 1/3-15/4/ 2022, using 18 Awassi ewes in the last stage of milk production (after weaning). The ages of the ewes ranged between 3-4 years and their average weight (46.80 ± 1.33 kg) The ewes were divided into three groups. The first group considered control (T1) and was fed on the standard ration without addition, the second group (T2) was fed on the standard ration with the addition of 10 glacial acetic acid (99.85%) food grade for each ewe, the acid was added to the feed after diluting it with tab water in a ratio of (1:1), while the third group (T3) was fed on the standard ration and acid with the addition of 0.4 gram of selenium-vitamin E. Results were showed no effect of additives in body weight while, the response was clear in enhancing milk production significantly with selenium vitamin E addition. Milk components as percentage and yield were close between T1 and T2 with except solid non-fat that decreased (p≤0.05) in T2 8.76% as compared T1 9.18%. on other hand all milk components significantly higher in T3 as compared t1 and T2. Serum triglycerides, cholesterol, and LDL were higher (p≤0.05) in T3 as compared T1.
Effect of High Salt Concentrations on some Growth Characteristics and Feed Intake Rate of Ctenopharyngodon idella
Authors: Al-Khshali Mohammad Shaker , Abdulmajeed O. M. , Naser Ahmed S. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Grass carp at a weight of 34.68 + 2 g were gradually exposed to four saline concentrations: tap water (0.1), 3, 6, 9, and 12 gm/litter, and the first concentration represented a control treatment. Fish were fed on a diet with a protein content of 30% for ten weeks. Results of the growth experiment showed that the feed conversion rate was 2.46, 3.58, 4.84, 6.77, and -8.56 in the first to fifth treatments, respectively, and the rate feed conversion efficiency was 40.65, 27. 93, 20.66, 14.77 and 11.68 %, while the protein intake was 22.38, 20.44, 18.86, 17.47 and 16.56 g in salt concentrations of 0.1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 g/L, respectively. In another experiment to study the effect of salt acclimatization on the rate of feed intake, grass carp with an average weight of 25.66 + 2 gm were exposed to the previous salt concentrations and fed on the same ratio in the growth experiment. Feed intake as a percentage of body weight amounted to 4.62, 4.12, 3.78, 3.24, and 2.48% respectively. It was concluded from the current study that the growth characteristics of grass carp were negatively affected by high salt concentrations.
Effect of Adding Curcuma Longa L Powder on the Biochemical Characteristics and Growth of New-borns in Awassi ewe
Authors: Al-Khafaf Ahmed Abdulmohsen , Abdullah Mohammed Najem , El-Rawi Elham Abdulhmed 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In this study, 18 pregnant Awassi ewes were used to study the effect of different levels of turmeric on physiological performance. The ewes were divided into three equal groups. The three groups were fed 6 weeks before birth until weaning on a basic diet containing protein 14.46 and energy 2583 kcal/kg. The first group was fed without an additive (control), While turmeric powder was added to feed the second and third groups at the rate of 5 and 10 g/day/ewe, respectively. The results indicated that the use of turmeric powder led to a significant increase in the weights of lambs during the eighth, tenth and twelfth weeks in favor of the second treatment, and there was a significant increase in glucose concentration in the first month. And the third in the second group, and in the concentration of cholesterol, a significant improvement was observed in the second and third groups in the first month, and a significant improvement in the second group only in the second month, while the third group had a significant improvement in the third month only. In triglycerides, a significant improvement was observed in the first month only in the second and third groups. In total protein, a significant increase was observed in the first month only in the third group. In the ALT enzyme, a significant improvement was observed in the second group for the second month, while in the third month a significant improvement was seen in the AST and ALT enzymes of the third group. As for blood images, a significant superiority was observed in the number of white blood cells in the second treatment, while no significant differences were found between the treatments in the number of red blood cells, hemoglobin, and packed blood cells, while turmeric powder did not affect the average weights of ewes.