bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Candida Auris Blood Stream Infection- A Descriptive Study from Qatar
Authors: Koleri Junais , Petkar Hawabibi Mahir , Alsoub Hussam , Maslamani Muna Al 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: Candida auris is an emerging yeast pathogen that can cause invasive infections, particularly candidemia in healthcare settings. Candida auris is characterized by resistance to multiple classes of antifungal drugs and high mortality.
Objective: To describe the risk factors, clinical characteristics, antifungal susceptibility pattern and outcomes of Candida auris blood stream infection. Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of electronic medical records of C. auris fungemia cases in the facilities under Hamad Medical corporation, Qatar from 1/11/2018 to 31/7/2021. Demographic data, risk factors, antibiogram and 30-day outcome are described
Results: We identified 36 patients with C. auris fungemia. Most of the patients were in intensive care unit following severe covid-19 pneumonia and had received steroid and broad-spectrum antibiotics. Most of the cases were central line related. Over 90% of isolates were non-susceptible to fluconazole. Amphotericin B sensitivity was only 15.2 %. Isolates from all patients were sensitive to echinocandins and these were used as first line therapy. Factors associated with high mortality included initial SOFA score of 9 or above and whether source control was attained.
Conclusion: 30-day mortality rate in Candida auris candidemia is 41.6%. Amphotericin B resistance in Qatar is much higher compared to published literature. Echinocandins are the drugs of choice for treatment, retaining almost 100% susceptibility.
A prospective observational study of zinc deficiency symptoms during first-line chemotherapy for gastric and colorectal cancer
Authors: Sakaguchi Chihiro , Nishina Tomohiro , Kono Yoshiyasu , Hino Kaori , Asagi Akinori , ohno Yoshinori , Kajiwara Takeshi , Nadano Seijin , Yamashita Natsumi , Tohyama Mikiko , Hyodo Ichinosuke , Okada Hiroyuki , Otsuka Motoyuki 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background Zinc deficiency during long-term courses of chemotherapy and its related symptoms, including skin rash, taste disorder, and oral mucositis, has not been sufficiently investigated.
Methods This prospective observational study enrolled patients with gastric and colorectal cancer who underwent standard first-line chemotherapy. According to the Practice Guideline for Zinc Deficiency, zinc deficiency is defined as a serum level of < 60 μg/dL. Serum zinc levels were measured before and after (1, 3, and 6 months) chemotherapy, and symptoms were assessed using the Patient-Reported Outcomes version of the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 1.0. Repeated measures were analyzed using a generalized linear mixed model.
Results Of the 61 enrolled patients, we analyzed 48 patients who underwent standard first-line chemotherapy with fluoropyrimidine plus oxaliplatin. Zinc deficiency was observed in 18 patients (38 %) before chemotherapy. The least-square means of serum zinc levels significantly decreased at 3 and 6 months of chemotherapy in 30 patients without zinc deficiency at the start of chemotherapy (both p < 0.01) but not in 18 patients with zinc deficiency at the start. Changes in serum zinc levels during chemotherapy were negatively correlated with taste changes, rash, and itching (all p < 0.04) in patients without zinc deficiency before treatment initiation.
Conclusions Serum zinc levels decreased during chemotherapy in zinc-non-deficient patients at the start of chemotherapy and were correlated with taste changes, skin rash, and itching. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate whether zinc supplementation can improve these symptoms.
Risk factors and CT findings associated with treatment outcomes in patients with medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw: A retrospective study
Authors: Tadokoro Yoshiaki , Hasegawa Takumi , Takeda Daisuke , Murakami Aki , Yatagai Nanae , Arimoto Satomi , Iwata Eiji , Saito Izumi , Kusumoto Junya , Akashi Masaya 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a severe adverse effect of antiresorptive and/or antiangiogenic agents. The standard treatment for MRONJ is conservative treatment and a surgical approach; however, its application remains controversial. This study aimed to identify the risk factors for poor prognosis and to help determine appropriate management. We retrospectively investigated factors associated with the prognosis of MRONJ in 119 patients. Relevant clinical data were obtained for all the patients. In computed tomography images, osteosclerosis, osteolysis, cortical perforation (buccal or lingual), periosteal reaction, and sequestration were observed. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to evaluate the risk factors for poor prognosis. Multivariate analyses showed statistically significant associations between poor prognosis in patients with MRONJ and conservative treatment alone (hazard ratio [HR] 1.89), osteolysis (HR 4.67), and the absence of sequestration (HR 5.33). These results suggest that conservative treatment alone without clear objectives should be avoided, and osteolytic change could be the criteria for surgical intervention. As the boundary between the lesion and vital bone is indistinct, we recommend extensive surgery in cases which sequestration is unpredictable.
Tumor-suppressive microRNA-152 inhibits the proliferation of Ewing’s sarcoma cells by targeting CDK5R1
Authors: Kawano Masanori , Tanaka Kazuhiro , Itonaga Ichiro , Iwasaki Tatsuya , Kubota Yuta , Tsumura Hiroshi 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We elucidated the mechanism through which the reduced expression of miR-152 leads to the overexpression of its target cyclin-dependent kinase-5 activator 1 (CDK5R1) in Ewing's sarcoma (ES) cells and the role of this mechanism in the proliferation of ES cells. To explore possible oncogenic factors in ES, we conducted microarray-based investigation and profiled the changes in miRNA expression and their effects on downstream mRNAs in five ES cell lines and human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). miR-152 was significantly downregulated, while cyclin-dependent kinase-5 activator 1 (CDK5R1) expression was significantly upregulated in all tested ES cells as compared to hMSCs. The overexpression of CDK5R1 led to the activation of CDK5, enabling the phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein and persistent overexpression of CCNE. Moreover, miR-152 suppressed cell proliferation via cell cycle retardation, and its upregulation reduced tumor size and CCNE expression in tumor tissues. The overexpression of cyclin E (CCNE) has been detected in ES cells, but the detailed mechanisms have not been previously elucidated. These findings identify the miR152-CDK5R1 signaling axis as a critical mechanism for tumorigenesis that may serve as a new therapeutic target in Ewing’s sarcoma. We believe that our results will aid in the development of effective treatment strategies for patients with ES.
Birth size and the pace of aging in men
Authors: Żelaźniewicz Agnieszka , Nowak-Kornicka Judyta , Pawłowski Bogusław 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPrevious studies showed that intrauterine growth restrictions, resulting in smaller body size at birth, are associated with altered development and the risk of age-related diseases in adult life. Thus, prenatal development may predict aging trajectories in humans. The study aimed to verify if body size at birth is related to biological age in adult men. The study sample consisted of 159 healthy, non-smoking men with a mean age of 35.24 (SD = 3.44) years. Birth weight and length were taken from medical records. The ponderal index at birth was calculated. Biological age was evaluated based on serum levels of s-Klotho, hsCRP, DHEA/S, and oxidative stress markers. Pregnancy age at birth, lifestyle, weight, cortisol, and testosterone levels were controlled. The results showed no relationship between birth size and s-Klotho, DHEA/S level, inflammation, or oxidative stress. Also, men born as small-for-gestational-age (N = 49) and men born as appropriate-for-gestational-age (N = 110) did not differ in terms of biological age markers levels. The results were similar when controlled for pregnancy week at birth, chronological age, BMI, testosterone, or cortisol level. The results suggest that there is no relationship between intrauterine growth and biomarkers of aging in men aged 30–45 years from the affluent population.
Seismic behavior of precast column with energy-dissipating bars and unbonded prestress: Physical and numerical investigations
Authors: Ma Chao , Zheng XiaoBo , Zhu Zhao 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Study of the strength and failure modes of construction components became increasingly important with the advent of industrialized construction, and has lately encompassed failure modes associated with seismic threats, because of the need to promote survivability of both structures and persons. This study reports seismic behavior of precast segmented columns designed with both unbonded prestressing and energy-dissipating bars. A physical specimen was subjected to a quasi-static cyclic test, permitting evaluation of the damage mode and the behavior of the energy-dissipating mechanism, enabling and verifying a fiber-beam element simulation model; the model is then used to evaluate the effects of design parameter variation on behavior of precast, assembled columns. The test specimen exhibited stable energy dissipation and pinching effect during cyclic loading. Analysis using the fiber-beam element model with varying design parameters showed that high-strength concrete could mitigate the concrete damage and residual deformation after an earthquake, and the concrete strength and the steel bar strength should be matched when enhancing the seismic resilience of precast columns with high-strength steel bars. It was determined that increasing the ratio of unbonded post-tensioned tendon (UPT) – the prestress mechanism here – could greatly improve the residual deformation, while the ratio of energy-dissipating (ED) bars was the key factor in enhancing the energy-dissipating capacity of the precast columns. A suitable ratio of UPT and ED bars is key to ensuring stable energy dissipation and low residual drifts. The increased axial load ratio and prestress level were available to restrain the joint opening and improving the bearing capacity of the precast columns; however, excessive axial load or prestressing force would result in rapid degeneration of the carrying capacity and in larger residual displacements.
Timing of the recent migration and intensification of the Southern Hemisphere westerly winds
Authors: Tetzner Dieter , Allen Claire , Thomas Elizabeth , Wolff Eric , Franzke Christian 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The Southern Hemisphere Westerly winds are a key component of the global climate system, driving ocean circulation, air-sea gas exchange and changes in Antarctic mass balance that are directly linked to global mean sea levels. In recent decades, the westerly winds have strengthened and migrated south, attributed to greenhouse gas emissions and stratospheric ozone depletion. However, the onset and acceleration of both these drivers is coincident with the onset of the instrumental record, thus, hindering our ability to determine the true onset of the shifting wind regime, how rapidly the transition occurred and the significance of the recent trends. Here we present a novel wind reconstruction based on marine diatoms preserved in an Antarctic Peninsula ice core, providing a unique record of westerly winds across the Pacific sector of the Southern Ocean. The annually resolved record provides clear evidence that a southward migration of the wind belt occurred in the mid-1960s, coupled with a prolonged strengthening trend. The poleward migration and intensification of the winds is unprecedented in the context of the past 140 years and coincident with the anthropogenically induced increase in greenhouse gases and ozone depletion.
Polymorphism in maternal HLA-DRB5 is associated with the risk of preeclampsia in Chinese population
Authors: Xu Chenhong , Zhou Lu , Fang Qiongfang , Liu Yinglin , Yang Jielin , Luo Lijun , Li Sichun , Guo Peiyu , Niu Yifei , Deng Wenxin , Wu Xueqing , Hu Yueming , Sun Ming-an , Ni Dong , Wang Yejun 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackground:Preeclampsia is an important clinical syndrome occurring during pregnancy. It shows genetic disposition, and the genetic risk has large ethnic heterogeneity. The study was designed to investigate the genetic risk of preeclampsia in Chinese pregnancies, and to apply it in early screening of the disease.Methods:We performed a genome-wide association study to screen candidate risk loci associated with preeclampsia in Chinese people, and validated them with an independent cohort of enlarged size. We also trained prediction models using the genotypes of newly identified risk loci to screen the pregnancies with high preeclampsia risk.Results:A segment in chromosome 6 coveringHLA-DQB1,HLA-DRB5and other immune-related genes shows the most significant association, and three loci inHLA-DRB5were confirmed with an enlarged validation cohort. One of the validated loci, rs147440497, forms an amino acid change by the nucleotide polymorphism, which further causes a conformational change in the antigen-binding domain of HLA-DRB5 protein. With the genotypes of risk genetic loci and other demographic features, a machine-learning model was trained, which can predict Chinese preeclampsia pregnancies accurately, with a cross-validated recalling rate of 0.63 at a false positive rate of 8%.Conclusion:We identified a novel gene from maternal genome,HLA-DRB5, the polymorphism in which is associated with preeclampsia. The genotypes of risk SNP loci can also be used for prediction of preeclampsia risk in Chinese population accurately.
Thyroid-related Adverse Events Caused by Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Associated with Therapeutic Outcomes in Cancer Patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wei Yuhao , Yun Hong , Zhou Xueyan , Wang Hang , Zhao Rui , Ma Xuelei 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Introduction: The development of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) marked a revolutionary milestone in the immunotherapy of cancers. Although ICIs have shown survival benefits and potential clinical prospects, these drugs also triggered a myriad of autoimmune side effects, termed immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Notably, thyroid-related adverse events (AEs) are one of the most common immune-related adverse events (irAEs) in immunotherapy, also frequently with the clinical consequences for the patients. It need a consequent analysis to tell the difference between the general thyrotoxicosis and the thyroid irAEs. As the association between side effects caused by ICIs and survival outcomes of cancer patients remains unknown, we performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the thyroid-related AEs and ICI effects on the prognosis of cancer patients.
Material and method: The aim of this meta-analysis was to assess the effect of thyroid irAEs on the prognosis of cancer patients treated with ICIs. A literature search of published articles related to thyroid-related AEs in patients with ICI therapy was conducted in PubMed, Embase, and Medline on May 2, 2022. Revman software were used to assess the quality or risk of bias of included studies, and Stata software for the effect size measures to be pooled. The hazard ratios (HR) were used to assess the correlation between thyroid-related AEs and the overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) with ICI therapy. Subgroup analyses were performed for the impact of thyroid-related AEs by a type of cancer and a PD-(L)1 monotherapy. Heterogeneity and publication bias were also assessed by Begg’s funnel plot.
Result: A total of 28 studies and 29 cohorts comprising 17058 patients were included in this meta-analysis. All the studies are low level in the risk of bias and have over 50 cases in the sample sizes. Compared to the non-irAEs in the thyroid, the occurrence of thyroid-related AEs was significantly related to improved OS (HR: 0.51; 95% CI: 0.44-0.60; P < 0.01) and PFS (HR: 0.56; 95% CI: 0.47-0.66; P < 0.01). In addition, our subgroup analysis suggested that patients with NSCLC had a better survival benefit in terms of OS (HR: 0.41; 95% CI: 0.35–0.48; P <0.01) and PFS (HR: 0.57; 95% CI: 0.49–0.66; P <0.01) when treated with ICI therapy when developing thyroid-related AEs. Under the PD-(L)1 monotherapy, it also showed a better OS and PFS of patients with different cancers or a single NSCLC.
Conclusion: The results indicated a significant correlation between thyroid-related AEs and improved survival outcomes for cancer patients with ICI therapy, especially for NSCLC. However melanoma have not shown a positive relation with the occurrence of thyroid irAEs. For other malignances, thyroid-related AEs might be a predictive factor for ICI efficacy.
Single center cross-sectional survey and prognostic risk factors analysis of sepsis complicated with ARDS based on “Berlin definition”
Authors: Tong Yiqing , Shen Lulu , Zhang Jianming , Fu Yimu , Wu Wei 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Objective:To investigate the prognostic risk factors for sepsis complicated with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) based on the Berlin definition.
Methods: A total of 152 patients with sepsis complicated with ARDS admitted to the intensive care unit of our hospital from June 2016 to August 2017 were enrolled. According to the in-hospital clinical outcome, they were divided into death group (n=113) and survival group (n=39). The general characteristics, medical history, treatment and blood biochemical indexes of the two groups were collected. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the risk factors of death in these patients. The nomogram prediction model of inpatient death was constructed, and the prediction value of this model was assessed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.
Results: There were obvious differences in the survival group and death group with regard to total hospital stay, APACHE II score, ARDS lung infection, concurrent diseases, fluid accumulation unbalance within 72 hours of admission, type of sepsis, number of organ failure, tracheotomy, blood purification, and coagulation dysfunction (P< 0.05). Prominent differences were examined in the levels of laboratory indexes of albumin and urea between the two groups (P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that APACHE II score, ARDS pulmonary infection, unbalance of fluid accumulation 72 hours after admission, organ failure number and coagulation dysfunction were independent risk factors for death in sepsis patients with ARDS, and blood purification was protective factor (P < 0.05). The findings of ROC curve illustrated that the area under the curve of the nomogram for forecasting in-hospital death in patients with sepsis and ARDS was 0.822 (95% CI 0.712-0.899), with a sensitivity of 80.25% and a specificity of 75.26%.
Conclusion: The prognosis of sepsis ARDS is poor and the mortality rate is extremely high. Active prevention should be taken to improve the cure rate of ARDS. Early use of blood purification and other rescue measures can help reduce the mortality rate of patients with sepsis complicated by ARDS.
Refugees’ experiences of healthcare in IRAN: A qualitative study
Authors: Mohseni Roghayeh , danaei Leila , Sakour Mahsa , Bazrafkan Leila , Shokrpour Nasrin , Shahraki Zahra Davari 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Quality of life is referred to as the trend of social issues such as consumption, income, education, housing, and health and medical care. However, this is less common in the lives of immigrants in the 21st century. We aimed to examine the quality of life from the participants' perspective based on the lived experiences of the refugees living in the UN camp in Sarvestan, Iran. In this qualitative content analysis study, in-depth and semi-structured interviews with 15 residents of the Afghan camp were performed. Data analysis yielded 415 open codes, and three issues appeared. Level 3 or the main challenges were achieved in 3 levels: quality of life, quality of services, and obstacles and shortcomings. Sub-topics related to the quality of life included health, security, tranquility, economic status, social acceptance, and education. Sub-issues related to service quality in various forms include comprehensiveness of service, accessibility, usefulness, and appropriateness. Sub-topics related to obstacles included financial deficiencies, social barriers, and cultural-ethnic problems. The immigrants' demands for improving the quality of life included providing services to high-risk groups of refugees, continuing the education of the youth and adolescents, providing necessary equipment and settings for health and culture, and improving the employment status.
Anthropomorphic or Not? Uncovering the Effectiveness of Anthropomorphic Communication on Country-of-Origin Stereotypes: Insights from Evoked Psychological Elements
Authors: Bai Shizhen , Zhang Wei , Chu Lingyun 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Country-of-Origin (COO) stereotypes influence people's choice to choose brands, with the development of social media, taking interactive communication with consumers is a crucial reference for brand promotion. Anthropomorphic communication enhances the interaction between brands and consumers, this study aims to research on the feasibility and validity of anthropomorphism on COO stereotypes for brand promotion in international competitions. Experiment results indicate that the strategy of using anthropomorphic communication in social media environment has positive effects for emerging economies, but not the same for developed countries; The perceived level of social presence moderates the main relationship between anthropomorphic communication and COO stereotypes, high social presence attenuate the effectiveness of anthropomorphismon COO stereotypes. As the same, the influence of anthropomorphism is effective and feasible only when consumers' mindset is global in emerging economies. The theoretical model in this paper is a useful supplement to the existing achievements of anthropomorphism and COO stereotypes, it provides a reference for enterprises in emerging economies to use anthropomorphic strategies accurately to reduce COO stereotypes so as to improving their international competitiveness, it also gives suggestions to companies in developed countries adopting anthropomorphic communication strategies cautiously.