bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the CMD-3 detector data: selection of low-energy electron-positron annihilation into KKππ0
Authors: Uskov A A 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We explore the process e+e− → KSK+-π−+π0 with the CMD-3 detector at the electron-positron collider VEPP-2000. Here, we present a selection algorithm. The data amassed by the CMD-3 detector in the energy range of 1.2–2 GeV during 2011, 2012, 2017, 2019 runs, with a total luminosity integral of ∼120pb−1 backs the analysis. Two reasons stand behind the study. First, a recent report of anomalous magnetic moment discrepancy broadening to 4.2σ, see Fermilab article [1]. Searching for New Physics demand sharper Hadronic Vacuum Polarization (HVP) estimate. In its turn, HVP computation relies heavily on hadronic cross-sections measurement. Second, an intermediate vector resonance near 2 GeV (ϕ’’) is still a mystery. It might be a

s

s

−

state, or a hybrid

s

s

−

g

, or ΛΛ− state. Untangling partial decay widths, measuring isospin 1 and 0 cross-sections for e+e− → KSK+-π−+π0, might discern between different ϕ’’ models.
Mechanism of vascular endothelial cell-derived exosomes modified with vascular endothelial growth factor in steroid-induced femoral head necrosis
Authors: Wu Hongliang , Chen Guocheng , Zhang Guibao , Lv Qiang , Gu Di , Dai Minhua 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Steroid-induced avascular necrosis of the femoral head (SANFH) is an intractable orthopedic disease. This study investigated the regulatory effect and molecular mechanism of vascular endothelial cell (VEC)-derived exosomes (Exos) modified with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in SANFH. VECs were cultured in vitro and transfected with adenovirus Adv-VEGF plasmids. Exos were extracted and identified. In vitro/vivo SANFH models were established and treated with VEGF-modified VEC-Exos (VEGF-VEC-Exos). The internalization of Exos by BMSCs, proliferation and osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation of BMSCs were determined by the uptake test, cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, alizarin red staining, and oil red O staining. Meanwhile, the mRNA level of VEGF, the appearance of the femoral head, and histological analysis were assessed by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction and hematoxylin-eosin staining. Moreover, the protein levels of VEGF, osteogenic markers, adipogenic markers, and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK) pathway-related indicators were examined by Western blotting, along with evaluation of the VEGF levels in femur tissues by immunohistochemistry. Glucocorticoid (GC) induced adipogenic differentiation of BMSCs and inhibited osteogenic differentiation. VEGF-VEC-Exos accelerated the osteogenic differentiation of GC-induced BMSCs and inhibited adipogenic differentiation. VEGF-VEC-Exos activated the MAPK/ERK pathway in GC-induced BMSCs. VEGF-VEC-Exos promoted osteoblast differentiation and suppressed adipogenic differentiation of BMSCs by activating the MAPK/ERK pathway. VEGF-VEC-Exos accelerated bone formation and restrained adipogenesis in SANFH rats. VEGF-VEC-Exos carried VEGF into BMSCs and motivated the MAPK/ERK pathway, thereby promoting osteoblast differentiation of BMSCs in SANFH, inhibiting adipogenic differentiation, and alleviating SANFH.
Comparison of single catheter versus dual catheter-based EBT3 film calibration for the Ir-192 beam energy
Authors: Trivedi Gaurav , Singh Pushpendra P , Oinam Arun S 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Purpose. Films and TLDs have been the common choices for passive in-vivo dose measurement in radiotherapy. In the brachytherapy applications, it is very difficult to report and verify the dose at multiple localized high dose gradient regions and also the dose to organ at risk. This study was carried out to introduce a new and accurate calibration method for GafChromic EBT3 films irradiated using Ir-192 photon energy from miniature High Dose Rate (HDR) Brachytherapy source. Materials and methods. Film holder made of Styrofoam was used to hold the EBT3 film at its center. It was placed inside the mini water phantom and the films were irradiated by Ir-192 source of microSelectron HDR afterloading brachytherapy system. Two different setups: Single catheter-based film exposure and dual catheter-based film exposure were compared. The films scanned on a flatbed scanner were analysed in three different color channels: red, green, and blue using Image J software. The dose calibration graphs were generated using the third-order polynomial equations fitted on the data points from two different methods of calibration procedure. Maximum and mean dose difference between TPS calculated and measured was analyzed. Results. The measured dose difference from the TPS calculated doses were evaluated for the three groups of dose ranges (low, medium and high). In the high dose range, standard uncertainty of dose difference are ±2.3%, ±2.9%, and ±2.4% respectively for the red, green, and blue color channel when the TPS calculated dose was compared with single catheter based film calibration equation. Whereas it is observed as 1.3%, 1.4% and 3.1% for the red, green, and blue color channels respectively when compared with the dual catheter based film calibration equation. A test film was exposed to a TPS calculated dose of 666 cGy to validate the calibration equations, single catheter based film calibration equation estimated the dose difference as −9.2%, −7.8% and −3.6% respectively in the red, green, and blue color channels whereas the same were observed as 0.1%, 0.2% and 6.1% respectively when dual catheter based film calibration equation was applied. Conclusion. Source miniature size, reproducible positioning of the film and catheter system inside water medium are the major challenges in the film calibration with Ir-192 beam. To overcome these situations dual catheter-based film calibration was found more accurate and reproducible as compare to the single catheter based film calibration.
Long-term fine particular exposure and incidence of frailty in older adults: findings from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey
Authors: Lv Yuebin , Yang Ze , Ye Lihong , Jiang Meijie , Zhou Jinhui , Guo Yanbo , Qiu Yidan , Li Xinwei , Chen Chen , Ju Aipeng , Wang Jun , Li Chenfeng , Li Yang , Wang Jiaonan , Zhang Juan , Ji John S , Li Tiantian , Baccarelli Andrea A , Gao Xu , Shi Xiaoming 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe association between fine particular matter (PM2.5) and frailty is less studied, and the national burden of PM2.5-related frailty in China is unknown.ObjectiveTo explore the association between PM2.5 exposure and incident frailty in older adults, and estimate the corresponding disease burden.DesignChinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey from 1998 to 2014.SettingTwenty-three provinces in China.SubjectsA total of 25,047 participants aged ≥65-year-old.MethodsCox proportional hazards models were performed to evaluate the association between PM2.5 and frailty in older adults. A method adapted from the Global Burden of Disease Study was used to calculate the PM2.5-related frailty disease burden.ResultsA total of 5,733 incidents of frailty were observed during 107,814.8 person-years follow-up. A 10 μg/m3 increment of PM2.5 was associated with a 5.0% increase in the risk of frailty (Hazard Ratio = 1.05, 95% confidence interval = [1.03–1.07]). Monotonic, but non-linear exposure-response, relationships of PM2.5 with risk of frailty were observed, and slopes were steeper at concentrations &gt;50 μg/m³. Considering the interaction between population ageing and mitigation of PM2.5, the PM2.5-related frailty cases were almost unchanged in 2010, 2020 and 2030, with estimations of 664,097, 730,858 and 665,169, respectively.ConclusionsThis nation-wide prospective cohort study showed a positive association between long-term PM2.5 exposure and frailty incidence. The estimated disease burden indicated that implementing clean air actions may prevent frailty and substantially offset the burden of population ageing worldwide.
Adverse Childhood Experiences and frailty in later life: a prospective population-based cohort study
Authors: Dimitriadis Menelaos M , Jeuring Hans W , Marijnissen Radboud M , Wieringa Thomas H , Hoogendijk Emiel O , Oude Voshaar Richard C 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe deficit accumulation method considers the ageing process underlying frailty as a random accumulation of health deficits.ObjectiveAlthough Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) have consistently been associated with the onset of mental disorders and somatic diseases during adolescence and midlife, it remains unknown whether ACE still exert detrimental health effects in late life. Therefore, we examined cross-sectionally and prospectively the association between ACE and frailty among community-dwelling older people.DesignBased on the health-deficit accumulation method, a Frailty Index was calculated with values ≥0.25 considered as frail. ACE were measured by a validated questionnaire. The cross-sectional association was examined by logistic regression among 2,176 community dwelling participants aged 58–89 years. The prospective association was examined by Cox-regression among 1,427 non-frail participants during a 17-year follow-up. Interactions with age and sex were tested and analyses were adjusted for potential confounders.SettingThe present study was embedded in the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam.ResultsACE and frailty were positively associated at baseline (OR = 1.88; 95% CI = 1.46–2.42; P = 0.05). Among non-frail participants at baseline (n = 1,427), ACE interacted with age on the prediction of frailty. Stratified analyses showed that a history of ACE only resulted in a higher hazard rate for the incidence of frailty among those aged ≥70 years (HR = 1.28; P = 0.044).ConclusionEven in the oldest-old, ACE still lead to an accelerated rate of the accumulation of health deficits and therefore contribute to the onset of frailty.
Disentangling leaf structural and material properties in relationship to their anatomical and chemical compositional traits in oaks (QuercusL.)
Authors: Alonso-Forn David , Sancho-Knapik Domingo , Fariñas María Dolores , Nadal Miquel , Martín-Sánchez Rubén , Ferrio Juan Pedro , de Dios Víctor Resco , Peguero-Pina José Javier , Onoda Yusuke , Cavender-Bares Jeannine , Arenas Tomás Gómez Álvarez , Gil-Pelegrín Eustaquio 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsThe existence of sclerophyllous plants has been considered an adaptive strategy against different environmental stresses. Given that it literally means ‘hard-leaved’, it is essential to quantify the leaf mechanical properties to understand sclerophylly. However, the relative importance of each leaf trait for mechanical properties is not yet well established.MethodsGenus Quercus is an excellent system to shed light on this because it minimizes phylogenetic variation while having a wide variation in sclerophylly. We measured leaf anatomical traits and cell wall composition, analysing their relationship with leaf mass per area and leaf mechanical properties in a set of 25 oak species.Key ResultsThe upper epidermis outer wall makes a strong and direct contribution to the leaf mechanical strength. Moreover, cellulose plays a crucial role in increasing leaf strength and toughness. The principal component analysis plot based on leaf trait values clearly separates Quercus species into two groups corresponding to evergreen and deciduous species.ConclusionsSclerophyllous Quercus species are tougher and stronger owing to their thicker epidermis outer wall and/or higher cellulose concentration. Furthermore, section Ilex species share common traits, although they occupy different climates. In addition, evergreen species living in mediterranean-type climates share common leaf traits irrespective of their different phylogenetic origin.
Algorithm for Trim and Wedge Labiaplasties
Authors: Zahedi Sanam , Bhat Deepa , Pedreira Rachel , Canales Francisco L , Furnas Heather J 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

In the last decade labiaplasty procedures have been on the rise in the United States. The trim and the wedge are among the most commonly used techniques. The purpose of this paper is to provide a trim-wedge algorithm to guide the surgeon based on the qualities of the individual patient. The choice of technique should be based on the reasonable labiaplasty candidate's goals, her nicotine/cocaine usage, and the physical characteristics of her labia, including edge quality, texture, pigmentation, symmetry, morphology of protrusion, and labial length. By considering these individual patient factors, the trim-wedge algorithm may improve labiaplasty outcomes and increase patient satisfaction. Some surgeons perform only the wedge or only the trim, and no algorithm should alter that. After all, the best technique is always the one the surgeon performs comfortably and safely.

Level of Evidence: 4
iSC.MEB: an R package for multi-sample spatial clustering analysis of spatial transcriptomics data
Authors: Zhang Xiao , Liu Wei , Song Fangda , Liu Jin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSummaryEmerging spatially resolved transcriptomics (SRT) technologies are powerful in measuring gene expression profiles while retaining tissue spatial localization information and typically provide data from multiple tissue sections. We have previously developed the tool SC.MEB—an empirical Bayes approach for SRT data analysis using a hidden Markov random field. Here, we introduce an extension to SC.MEB, denoted as integrated spatial clustering with hidden Markov random field using empirical Bayes (iSC.MEB) that permits the users to simultaneously estimate the batch effect and perform spatial clustering for low-dimensional representations of multiple SRT datasets. We demonstrate that iSC.MEB can provide accurate cell/domain detection results using two SRT datasets.Availability and implementationiSC.MEB is implemented in an open-source R package, and source code is freely available at https://github.com/XiaoZhangryy/iSC.MEB. Documentation and vignettes are provided on our package website (https://xiaozhangryy.github.io/iSC.MEB/index.html).Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics Advances online.
Coronavirus Disease 2019 Convalescent Plasma Outpatient Therapy to Prevent Outpatient Hospitalization: A Meta-Analysis of Individual Participant Data From 5 Randomized Trials
Authors: Levine Adam C , Fukuta Yuriko , Huaman Moises A , Ou Jiangda , Meisenberg Barry R , Patel Bela , Paxton James H , Hanley Daniel F , Rijnders Bart J A , Gharbharan Arvind , Rokx Casper , Zwaginga Jaap Jan , Alemany Andrea , Mitjà Oriol , Ouchi Dan , Millat-Martinez Pere , Durkalski-Mauldin Valerie , Korley Frederick K , Dumont Larry J , Callaway Clifton W , Libster Romina , Marc Gonzalo Perez , Wappner Diego , Esteban Ignacio , Polack Fernando , Sullivan David J 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background
Outpatient monoclonal antibodies are no longer effective and antiviral treatments for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) disease remain largely unavailable in many countries worldwide. Although treatment with COVID-19 convalescent plasma (CCP) is promising, clinical trials among outpatients have shown mixed results.

Methods
We conducted an individual participant data meta-analysis from outpatient trials to assess the overall risk reduction for all-cause hospitalizations by day 28 in transfused participants. Relevant trials were identified by searching Medline, Embase, medRxiv, World Health Organization COVID-19 Research Database, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science from January 2020 to September 2022.

Results
Five included studies from 4 countries enrolled and transfused 2620 adult patients. Comorbidities were present in 1795 (69%). The virus neutralizing antibody dilutional titer levels ranged from 8 to 14 580 in diverse assays. One hundred sixty of 1315 (12.2%) control patients were hospitalized, versus 111 of 1305 (8.5%) CCP-treated patients, yielding a 3.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.3%–6.0%; P = .001) absolute risk reduction and 30.1% relative risk reduction for all-cause hospitalization. The hospitalization reduction was greatest in those with both early transfusion and high titer with a 7.6% absolute risk reduction (95% CI, 4.0%–11.1%; P = .0001) accompanied by at 51.4% relative risk reduction. No significant reduction in hospitalization was seen with treatment &gt;5 days after symptom onset or in those receiving CCP with antibody titers below the median titer.

Conclusions
Among outpatients with COVID-19, treatment with CCP reduced the rate of all-cause hospitalization and may be most effective when given within 5 days of symptom onset and when antibody titer is higher.
Development and Validation of a Remote Monitoring Tool for Assessment of Mild, Moderate, and Severe Infections in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Rezazadeh Ardabili Ashkan , van Esser Dirk , Wintjens Dion , Cilissen Mia , Deben Debbie , Mujagic Zlatan , Russ Fritzi , Stassen Laurents , Van Bodegraven Adriaan A , Wong Dennis , Winkens Bjorn , Jonkers Daisy , Romberg-Camps Mariëlle , Pierik Marie J 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background
Immunomodulators and biologics are cornerstones in the management of inflammatory bowel disease [IBD], but are associated with increased risk of infections. Post-marketing surveillance registries are pivotal to assess this risk, yet mainly focus on severe infections. Data on the prevalence of mild and moderate infections are scarce. We developed and validated a remote monitoring tool for real-world assessment of infections in IBD patients.

Methods
A 7-item Patient-Reported Infections Questionnaire [PRIQ] covering 15 infection categories was developed with a 3-month recall period. Infection severity was defined as mild [self-limiting or topical treatment], moderate [oral antibiotics, antivirals, or antifungals], or severe [hospitalisation or intravenous treatment]. Comprehensiveness and comprehensibility were ascertained through cognitive interviewing of 36 IBD outpatients. After implementation in the telemedicine platform myIBDcoach, a prospective, multicentre cohort study was performed between June 2020 and June 2021 in 584 patients, to assess diagnostic accuracy. Events were cross-checked with general practitioner and pharmacy data [gold standard]. Agreement was evaluated using linear-weighted kappa with cluster-bootstrapping to account for within-patient level correlation.

Results
Patient understanding was good and interviews did not result in reduction of PRIQ items. During validation, 584 IBD patients {57.8% female, mean age 48.6 (standard deviaton [SD]: 14.8), disease duration 12.6 years [SD: 10.9]} completed 1386 periodic assessments, reporting 1626 events. Linear-weighted kappa for agreement between PRIQ and gold standard was 0.92 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.89-0.94). Sensitivity and specificity for infection [yes/no] were 93.9% [95% CI 91.8-96.0] and 98.5% [95% CI 97.5-99.4], respectively.

Conclusions
The PRIQ is a valid and accurate remote monitoring tool to assess infections in IBD patients, providing means to personalise medicine based on adequate benefit-risk assessments.
Graded Atmospheres of Volatile Pyrethroid Overlaid on Host Cues Can Be Established and Quantified Within a Novel Flight Chamber for Mosquito Behavior Studies
Authors: Seavey Corey E , Doshi Mona , Colamarino Angelo , Kim Brian N , Dickerson Andrew K , Willenberg Bradley J 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Spatial repellents are emerging as a promising approach to reduce vector-disease burden; however, the evolution of genetically resistant mosquitoes decreases repellent efficacy. The development of flight chambers to investigate spatial repellent application techniques is vital for sustainable mosquito control. We present an air-dilution chamber as a novel bioassay to study mosquito flight behavior responses to chemical gradients of the volatile, pyrethroid transfluthrin (TF). Air dilution was used to simulate a larger environment of stable concentration gradients verified with carbon dioxide (CO2) which was homogenously delivered and measured across the chamber to achieve a 5× inlet/outlet [CO2] ratio with 0.17 m/s outlet velocity. Female Aedes (Ae.) aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae, Linnaeus, 1762) were exposed to volatilized TF paired with heat, CO2, and Biogents-Sweetscent host-cues. Tandem solvent extraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SE-GC-MS) was used to quantify air samples taken during TF emanations with a limit of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) of 2 ± 1 and 5 ± 2 parts-per-trillion (ppt) TF, respectively. Homogenous air diluted emanation of the spatial repellent TF was at least twice that of the 5× CO2 gradient with the same air flow in the chamber. The airborne TF concentrations the mosquitoes were exposed to range from 1 to 170 ppt. Video recordings of mosquito behavior during host-cues exposure revealed increased inlet activity, while exposure to TF protected host resulted in decreased inlet activity over time with inlet-outlet mosquito positional variation. This novel flight chamber design can simulate ‘long’-range exposure with simultaneous quantitation of airborne spatial repellent to understand dose-dependent effects on mosquito behavior.