bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effects of active workstations on reducing work-specific sedentary time in office workers: a network meta-analysis of 23 randomized controlled trials
Authors: Zhou Liying , Deng Xinxin , Xu Meng , Wu Yanan , Shang Xue , E Fenfen , Wang Yongsheng , Liang Shanshan , Yang Kehu , Li Xiuxia 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Active workstations have been proposed as a feasible approach for reducing occupational sedentary time. This study used a network meta-analysis (NMA) to assess and compare the overall efficacy of active workstation interventions according to type and concomitant strategy for reducing work-specific sitting time in office workers.

Methods
PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) databases were searched from database inception until May 2022 to obtain randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the efficacy of active workstations with or without concomitant strategies for reducing occupational sedentary time in office workers. The risk of bias of the RCTs included in this study was assessed according to the Cochrane Handbook. An NMA with STATA 15.1 was used to construct a network diagram, league figures, and the final surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) values. The certainty of evidence was assessed using the grading of recommendations, assessment, development, and evaluation (GRADE) approach.

Results
A total of 23 eligible studies including eight different types of interventions with 1428 office workers were included. NMA results showed that compared to a typical desk, multicomponent intervention (standardized mean difference (SMD) =  − 1.50; 95% confidence interval (CI) − 2.17, − 0.82; SUCRA = 72.4%), sit-stand workstation + promotion (Reminders of rest breaks, posture variation, or incidental office activity) (SMD =  − 1.49; 95%CI − 2.42, − 0.55; SUCRA = 71.0%), treadmill workstation + promotion (SMD =  − 1.29; 95%CI − 2.51, − 0.07; SUCRA = 61.6%), and sit-stand workstation (SMD =  − 1.10, 95%CI − 1.64, − 0.56; SUCRA = 50.2%) were effective in reducing occupational sedentary time for office workers.

Conclusions
Multicomponent intervention, sit-stand workstation + promotion, treadmill workstation + promotion, and sit-stand workstation appear to be effective in reducing work-specific sedentary time for office workers. Furthermore, multicomponent interventions and active workstations + promotion better reduced work-specific sedentary time than active workstation alone. However, the overall certainty of the evidence was low.

Trial registration
Our study protocol was registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO); registration number: CRD42022344432.
Early sexual debut is associated with drug use and decreased educational attainment among males and females in Kisumu County, Kenya
Authors: Sing’oei Valentine , Owuoth John K. , Otieno June , Yates Adam , Andagalu Ben , Smith Hunter J. , Copeland Nathanial K. , Polyak Christina S. , Crowell Trevor A. ,   the RV393 Study Team, Adongo Rachel , Aguttu Rachel , Akala Hosea , Ake Julie , Bondo Michael , Broach Erica , Busisa Christine , Cowden Jessica , de Souza Mark , Eller Leigh Anne , Gogo Milicent , Hassen Zebiba , Hu Dale , Imbach Michelle , Juma Anne , Kasera Oscar , Li Qun , Mbuchi Margaret , Milazzo Mark , Modjarrad Kayvon , Ngonda Eric , Nwoga Chiaka , Nyariro Jacob , Ochola Jew , Ohore Roseline , Okumu Thomas , Omondi Mary , Omondi Timothy , Ooro Linnah , Orando Beatrice , Owira Victorine , Oyugi Roselyn , Robb Merlin , Rono Eric , Tran Chi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDiffering global sociocultural contexts of sexual relationships influence age at first sexual intercourse with potentially long-lasting region-specific effects such as increased risk of contracting HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs). In these cross-sectional analyses of data from the screening and enrollment visits for an HIV incidence study in Kisumu County, Kenya, we evaluated factors associated with having experienced an early sexual debut (ESD) among males and females aged 18–35 years. Clinical evaluation was performed and sexual behaviors were assessed via questionnaire. ESD was defined as self-reported age 15 years or younger at first sexual intercourse. Robust Poisson regression was used to estimate prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for factors associated with ESD. Of 1057 participants, 542 (51.3%) were female. Participants' median age at study screening was 25 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 22–29), and at sexual debut was 16 years (IQR: 14–17). Five hundred and four participants (47.7%) reported ESD. ESD was less common among females (PR 0.78, CI 0.67–0.90) and participants with more than primary education (PR 0.56, CI 0.47–0.66). ESD was more common in participants with a history of drug use (PR 1.28, CI 1.10–1.49). Drug use removed the protective effect of education (some secondary education or less, no drug use: PR 0.72, CI 0.61–0.85; some secondary education or less, drug use: PR 0.94, CI 0.74–1.18). ESD was common in our study and associated with lower educational attainment and increased likelihood of drug use. Interventions are needed early in life, well before 15 years of age, to encourage engagement in schooling and prevent drug use. Comprehensive sexual education and interventions to prevent drug use may be beneficial before the age of 15 years.
Immunogenicity and safety of quadrivalent influenza vaccine among young and older adults in Tianjin, China: implication of immunosenescence as a risk factor
Authors: Xiao Tongling , Wei Miaomiao , Guo Xiaokun , Zhang Yu , Wang Zhongyan , Xia Xiaoshuang , Qi Xuemei , Wang Lin , Li Xin , Leng Sean X. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Older adults are more vulnerable to seasonal influenza than younger adults. The immune responses of older persons to the influenza vaccine are usually poorer than those of young individuals, which is hypothesized due to immunosenescence. We conducted a study to evaluate the immunogenicity and safety of a quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV4) in a total of 167 young (< 65 years, n = 79) and older (≥ 65 years, n = 88) adults from October 2021 to March 2022 in Tianjin, China. A single dose was administered to all participants. Blood samples were collected and strain-specific hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) antibody titers were measured before and 21 to 28 days after vaccination. Safety information was also collected for 28 days and 6 months after vaccination. Differences in immunogenicity and safety were compared between young and old age groups, and multivariate logistic regression was used to estimate the effect of age and other factors on HAI antibody responses.

Results
Overall, geometric mean titers (GMTs) against all four vaccine strains in older adults were lower than those in the young, whereas the seroconversion rates (SCRs) were similar. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age, influenza vaccination history, and pre-vaccination HAI titers were independent factors affecting SCRs and seroprotection rates (SCRs). Older age had significant negative impact on SCRs against H1N1 (OR, 0.971; 95% CI: 0.944–0.999; P = 0.042) and B/Victoria (OR, 0.964; 95% CI: 0.937–0.992; P = 0.011). In addition, there was a significant negative correlation between chronological age (years) and post-vaccination HAI titers against H1N1 (rho = -0.2298, P < 0.0001), B/Victoria (rho = -0.2235, P = 0.0037), and B/Yamagata (rho = -0.3689, P < 0.0001). All adverse events were mild (grade 1 or grade 2) that occurred within 28 days after vaccination, and no serious adverse event was observed.

Conclusions
IIV4 is immunogenic and well-tolerated in young and older adults living in Tianjin, China. Our findings also indicate that age is an independent factor associated with poorer humoral immune responses to IIV4.
ISG15 and ISGylation modulates cancer stem cell-like characteristics in promoting tumor growth of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Xu Tong , Zhu Chaozhuang , Chen Jinming , Song Feifeng , Ren Xinxin , Wang Shanshan , Yi Xiaofen , Zhang Yiwen , Zhang Wanli , Hu Qing , Qin Hui , Liu Yujia , Zhang Song , Tan Zhuo , Pan Zongfu , Huang Ping , Ge Minghua 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) was a rare and extremely malignant endocrine cancer with the distinct hallmark of high proportion of cancer stem cell-like characteristics. Therapies aiming to cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) were emerging as a new direction in cancer treatment, but targeting ATC CSCs remained challenging, mainly due to incomplete insights of the regulatory mechanism of CSCs. Here, we unveiled a novel role of ISG15 in the modulation of ATC CSCs.

Methods
The expression of ubiquitin-like proteins were detected by bioinformatics and immunohistochemistry. The correlation between ISG15 expression and tumor stem cells and malignant progression of ATC was analyzed by single-cell RNA sequence from the Gene Expression Omnibus. Flow cytometry combined with immunofluorescence were used to verify the enrichment of ISG15 and ISGyaltion in cancer stem cells. The effect and mechanism of ISG15 and KPNA2 on cancer stem cell-like characteristics of ATC cells were determined by molecular biology experiments. Mass spectrometry combined with immunoprecipitation to screen the substrates of ISG15 and validate its ISGylation modification. Nude mice and zebrafish xenograft models were utilized to demonstrate that ISG15 regulates stem cell characteristics and promotes malignant progression of ATC.

Results
We found that among several ubiquitin proteins, only ISG15 was aberrantly expressed in ATC and enriched in CSCs. Single-cell sequencing analysis revealed that abnormal expression of ISG15 were intensely associated with stemness and malignant cells in ATC. Inhibition of ISG15 expression dramatically attenuated clone and sphere formation of ATC cells, and facilitated its sensitivity to doxorubicin. Notably, overexpression of ISGylation, but not the non-ISGylation mutant, effectively reinforced cancer stem cell-like characteristics. Mechanistically, ISG15 mediated the ISGylation of KPNA2 and impeded its ubiquitination to promote stability, further maintaining cancer stem cell-like characteristics. Finally, depletion of ISG15 inhibited ATC growth and metastasis in xenografted mouse and zebrafish models.

Conclusion
Our studies not only provided new insights into potential intervention strategies targeting ATC CSCs, but also uncovered the novel biological functions and mechanisms of ISG15 and ISGylation for maintaining ATC cancer stem cell-like characteristics.

Graphical Abstract
The impact of cardiovascular disease on all-cause and cancer mortality: results from a 16-year follow-up of a German breast cancer case–control study
Authors: Möhl Annika , Behrens Sabine , Flaßkamp Fabian , Obi Nadia , Kreienbrinck Annika , Holleczek Bernd , Gali Kathleen , Chang-Claude Jenny , Becher Heiko 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. The aim of this study was to examine if CVD affects the mortality of women after a breast cancer diagnosis and population controls differently.

Methods
The analysis included a total of 3,555 women, diagnosed with primary stage 1–3 breast cancer or in situ carcinoma between 2002 and 2005 and 7,334 controls breast cancer-free at recruitment, all aged 50–74 years, who were followed-up in a German breast cancer case–control study until June, 30 2020. Kaplan–Meier and cumulative incidence function were calculated for all-cause mortality and mortality from any cancer, stratified for case–control status and CVD, separately for women aged < 65 and ≥ 65 years. Cox regression and Fine-Gray subdistribution hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for the association between case–control-status, CVD and mortality from all causes/any cancer.

Results
The median follow-up was 16.1 years. In total, 1,172 cases (33.0%) and 1,401 initial controls (19.1%) died. CVD prevalence at recruitment was 15.2% in cases and controls. Cases with CVD had the highest and controls without CVD the lowest mortality during the entire observation period in both age groups (< 65 and ≥ 65 years). CVD was identified as a risk factor for all-cause mortality in both cases and controls aged < 65 years (HR 1.22, 95%CI 0.96–1.55 and HR 1.79, 95%CI 1.43–2.24) as well as at ages of ≥ 65 years (HR 1.44, 95%CI 1.20–1.73 and HR 1.59, 95%CI 1.37–1.83). A significant association of CVD and cancer mortality was found only for cases aged ≥ 65 years.

Conclusion
CVD was significantly associated with all-cause mortality of both cases and controls and CVD was identified as a risk factor for cancer mortality of cases aged ≥ 65 years at recruitment. Therefore, attention should be paid on monitoring and preventing CVD in breast cancer patients, especially in those diagnosed at older ages.
Field efficacy of fluralaner (Bravecto® chewable tablets) for preventing Babesia canis infection transmitted by Dermacentor reticulatus ticks to dogs
Authors: Chiummo Rafael , Zschiesche Eva , Capári Balázs , Farkas Róbert , Chiquet Mathieu , Rapti Dhimitër , Postoli Rezart , Audry Alain , Leschnik Michael 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
The isoxazoline fluralaner is effective for prevention of Babesia canis transmission from infected Dermacentor reticulatus ticks to dogs for 84 days in a controlled environment. This study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of fluralaner chewable tablets for sustained prevention of B. canis infection of dogs in endemic areas under natural conditions.

Methods
In Europe, privately owned, clinically healthy pet dogs were enrolled and randomized either to receive fluralaner at 25–56 mg/kg (Bravecto® chewable tablets) on days 0 and 84, or to remain untreated during the D. reticulatus season. Blood samples were collected to evaluate B. canis exposure: on days 0 and 21 (exposure before day 0), during the study and at the end of the tick season (dogs suspected of having become infected after day 0). Efficacy was determined by the percentage reduction in B. canis transmission risk based on the difference in B. canis-positive tests in fluralaner-treated dogs compared with untreated dogs. In addition, ticks collected at monthly intervals throughout the study were identified to species level and females tested for B. canis DNA.

Results
A total of 152 dogs were enrolled in the study, although nine dogs were excluded because they tested positive for B. canis DNA or antibodies within 21 days after enrollment. During the study period, no fluralaner-treated dog became positive for B. canis, resulting in calculated efficacy of 100%. However, babesiosis infection was diagnosed in five untreated control dogs (Fisher’s exact test, left-sided, P = 0.0312). Tick analyses revealed that one sample collected in Hungary was infected with B. canis.

Conclusion
Oral administration of Bravecto chewable tablets at the recommended dosage to dogs completely prevented B. canis transmission under field conditions in an endemic area for 12 weeks.

Graphical Abstract
Cutting-edge advances in modeling the blood–brain barrier and tools for its reversible permeabilization for enhanced drug delivery into the brain
Authors: Sharma Amit , Fernandes Diogo C. , Reis Rui L. , Gołubczyk Dominika , Neumann Silke , Lukomska Barbara , Janowski Miroslaw , Kortylewski Marcin , Walczak Piotr , Oliveira J. Miguel , Maciaczyk Jarek 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe blood–brain barrier (BBB) is a sophisticated structure whose full functionality is required for maintaining the executive functions of the central nervous system (CNS). Tight control of transport across the barrier means that most drugs, particularly large size, which includes powerful biologicals, cannot reach their targets in the brain. Notwithstanding the remarkable advances in characterizing the cellular nature of the BBB and consequences of BBB dysfunction in pathology (brain metastasis, neurological diseases), it remains challenging to deliver drugs to the CNS. Herein, we outline the basic architecture and key molecular constituents of the BBB. In addition, we review the current status of approaches that are being explored to temporarily open the BBB in order to allow accumulation of therapeutics in the CNS. Undoubtedly, the major concern in field is whether it is possible to open the BBB in a meaningful way without causing negative consequences. In this context, we have also listed few other important key considerations that can improve our understanding about the dynamics of the BBB.
Feasibility and acceptability of ‘low-intensity mental health support via a telehealth-enabled network’ for adults with type 1 and type 2 diabetes: the LISTEN pilot study
Authors: Holloway Edith E. , Gray Shikha , Halliday Jennifer , Harrap Benjamin , Hines Carolyn , Skinner Timothy C. , Speight Jane , Hendrieckx Christel 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundThis study examined the feasibility and acceptability of the low-intensity mental health support via telehealth-enabled network (LISTEN) intervention, for adults with diabetes, facilitated by diabetes health professionals (HPs).MethodsLISTEN training. Three HPs participated in three half-day online workshops and applied their learnings during training cases (maximum four). Competency was assessed with a validated tool and achieved ‘satisfactory’ ratings for three consecutive sessions.LISTEN pilot.A single-group, pre-post study (up to four LISTEN sessions) with online assessments at baseline, post-intervention, and 4-week follow-up. Eligible participants were adults with type 1 or type 2 diabetes, with diabetes distress, but excluded if they had moderate/severe depressive and/or anxiety symptoms. Feasibility was assessed via recruitment and session completion rates. Acceptability was assessed with post-intervention self-report data. Changes in diabetes distress and general emotional well-being from baseline (T1) were explored at post-intervention (T2) and at 4-week follow-up (T3).ResultsTwo HPs achieved competency (median training case sessions required: 7) and progressed to deliver LISTEN in the pilot study. In the pilot,N = 16 adults (Med[IQR] age: 60 [37–73] years; 13 women) with diabetes participated (median sessions per participant: 2). Twelve participants (75%) completed the post-intervention assessment (T2): 92% endorsed the number of sessions offered as ‘just right’, 75% felt comfortable talking with the HP, and 67% were satisfied with LISTEN. Perceived limitations were the structured format and narrow scope of problems addressed. Diabetes distress scores were lower post-intervention.ConclusionsThis pilot demonstrates the feasibility of training HPs to deliver LISTEN, and the acceptability and potential benefits of LISTEN for adults with diabetes. The findings highlight adaptations that may enhance the delivery of, and satisfaction with, LISTEN that will be tested in a hybrid type 1 effectiveness-implementation trial.
The association between cholesterol/saturated fat index (CSI) and quality of sleep, and circadian rhythm among overweight and obese women: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Rasaei Niloufar , Samadi Mahsa , Khadem Alireza , Badrooj Negin , Hassan zadeh Mohadeseh , Ghaffarian-Ensaf Rasool , Gholami Fatemeh , Mirzaei Khadijeh 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
The decline in sleep quality is one of the main public health problems affecting the global population. Some studies have shown that a high-fat diet may be linked to changes in circadian rhythm and sleep quality. The cholesterol/saturated fatty acid index (CSI) determines the amount of cholesterol and saturated fatty acid (SFA) in people's dietary patterns and can affect the quality of sleep and circadian rhythm. However, to date, no studies have investigated the effect of this index on these two variables. Therefore, our aim was to investigate the relationship between CSI on circadian rhythm and sleep quality in obese and overweight women.

Method
This cross-sectional study included 378 adult women who were obese or overweight. Using accepted techniques, anthropometric measurements, blood pressure readings, and biochemical variables were evaluated. A validated and trustworthy semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ 147 items) was used to gauge dietary intake. The CSI was measured to find out how much cholesterol and saturated fats were in the diet. Additionally, to assess circadian rhythm and sleep quality, respectively, the valid morning-evening questionnaire (MEQ) and Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) questionnaires were utilized.

Result
The results of the multinomial logistic regression model of our analysis showed that a significant association was observed between circadian rhythm status with CSI score, and participants with one higher unit of CSI had a 7.3% more chance of being in the eveningness group than being in morningness category in the crude model (OR: 1.07; 95% CI 1.00, 1.14; P = 0.026). This association remains marginally significant when adjusting for age, energy intake, BMI, job status, thyroid, and smoking status (OR = 1.08; 95% CI 1.00, 1.16; P = 0.051). The binary logistic regression model showed that after controlling for potentially confounding variables, there was no significant association between sleep quality with CSI score, however, those with one higher unit of CSI had 1.6% more chance of having sleep problems (OR: 1.01; 95% CI 0.96, 1.06; P = 0.503).

Conclusion
Our results indicated a direct marginally significant association between CSI with evening type in overweight and obese women. Future studies are needed to clarify the precise link between circadian rhythm and sleep behavior with fatty acid quality index.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Federated recognition mechanism based on enhanced temporal-spatial learning using mobile edge sensors for firefighters
Authors: Jamil Harun , Ali Khan Murad , Kim Do-Hyeun 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundInterest in Human Action Recognition (HAR), which encompasses both household and industrial settings, is growing. HAR describes a computer system’s capacity to accurately recognize and evaluate human activities and behaviors, akin to what humans call perception. Real-time federated activity identification architecture is suggested in this work to monitor smartphone user behavior. The main aim is to decrease accidents happening in an indoor environment and assure the security of older individuals in an indoor setting. The idea lends itself to a multitude of uses, including monitoring the elderly, entertainment, and spying.ResultsIn this paper, we present a new smartphone sensor-based human motion awareness federated recognition scheme using a temporal-spatial weighted BILSTM-CNN framework. We verify new federated recognition based on temporal-spatial data better than existing machine learning schemes in terms of activity recognition accuracy. Several methods and strategies in the literature have been used to attain higher HAR accuracy. In particular, six categories of typical everyday human activities are highlighted, including walking, jumping, standing, moving from one level to another, and picking up items.ConclusionSmartphone-based sensors are utilized to detect the motion activities carried out by elderly people based on the raw inertial measurement unit (IMU) data. Then, weighted bidirectional long short-term memory (BILSTM) networks are for learning about temporal motion features; they are swiftly followed by single-dimensional convolutional neural networks (CNN), which are built for reasoning about spatial structure features. Additionally, the awareness mechanism highlights the data segments to choose discriminative contextual data. Finally, a sizeable dataset of HDL activity datasets is gathered for model validation and training. The results confirm that the proposed ML framework performs 18.7% better in terms of accuracy, 27.9% for the case of precision, and 0.24.1% when evaluating based on the F1-score for client 1.Similarly, for client 2 and client 3, the performance betterment in terms of accuracy is 18.4% and 10.1%, respectively.