bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nephroplication and nephropexy as an adjunct to primary surgery in the management of giant hydronephrosis
Authors: Hemal  , Aron  , Wadhwa  
Published: July 2002

Objective To study the role of nephroplication and nephropexy as an adjunct to primary surgery in the management of giant hydronephrosis, with an aim to reduce stasis and improve drainage, thus preventing consequent complications.Patients and methods Adjunctive nephroplication and nephropexy were performed in 20 renal units of 16 patients with giant hydronephrosis treated between January 1992 and March 1997. Twelve patients had unilateral and four had bilateral pelvi‐ureteric junction obstruction. Four patients had elevated serum creatinine levels. All patients were treated with definitive surgery for the underlying disease and an adjunctive nephroplication and nephropexy was performed at the same time.Results Eighteen of the 20 renal units with giant hydronephrosis showed an improvement in function and drainage as well as in pelvicalyceal system dilatation, while one remained unchanged and one deteriorated. None of the patients developed renal stones or pyelonephritis. Of the four patients with azotaemia, three showed definite improvement to normal levels while one stabilized.Conclusions Nephroplication and nephropexy of giant hydronephrotic kidneys are useful adjunctive procedures to reduce pelvicalyceal system stasis and to improve drainage, thereby preventing subsequent stone formation, infection and deterioration in renal function.
SChiSM: creating interactive web page annotations of molecular
structure models using Chime
Authors: Cammer Stephen A. 
Published: July 2002

Abstract
Summary: SChiSM is a program for creating World Wide Web (WWW) pages that include embedded interactive molecular models using the browser plug-in, Chime, for visualization. The program works with Netscape 4.x and Internet Explorer 5 browsers to facilitate Chime/Rasmol scripting control of a molecular display.
Availability: The program can be accessed from the following address: http://mmlsun2.pha.unc.edu/schism.html.
Contact: cammer@email.unc.edu
ACCRUAL BUDGETING AND FISCAL CONSOLIDATION IN THE EMU
Authors: Salinas F. Javier 
Published: July 2002

Drawing on modern macroeconomic literature focusing on the study of politico‐institutional determinants of public policies, this article analyzes the institutional design of the European fiscal policy laid down by the Treaty of Amsterdam and the Stability and Growth Pact. Both documents provide countries in the EU, and in particular those that have adopted the euro, with a common code of fiscal conduct that is expected to uphold discipline in the management of government finances. Nevertheless, a simple review of this code of conduct shows the existence of serious drawbacks mainly derived from the asymmetry between the treatment given to outcomes of fiscal policy in comparison with that given to the procedures followed in generating them. It seems that the current design of the European fiscal coordination system does not really take into account the findings of modern macroeconomics and does not pay due attention to the relation between budgetary processes/institutions and outcomes in fiscal policy. Moreover, this article argues that in the implementation of the broad reforms needed to achieve a sustainable fiscal consolidation, there are political complementarities (in the sense that the ability to gain political consent for one reform depends on the acceptance of other reforms) between the setting up of new fiscal policies of expenditure containment and new fiscal procedures.All in all, this analysis points to a sorely needed procedural reform in public sector budgeting as the best contribution to pursuing the stabilization of European public finances: the fuller use of accrual concepts in budget reporting. Much more than an isolated technical exercise, the shift to accrual budgeting could be quite a useful tool to facilitate wider reforms aimed at improving public sector financial management and performance while enhancing transparency and accountability.
Hydrogen peroxide reversibly inhibits epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor internalization and coincident ubiquitination of the EGF receptor and Eps15
Authors: de Wit Renate , Makkinje Miriam , Boonstra Johannes , Verkleij Arie J. , Post Jan Andries 
Published: July 2002

ABSTRACTRecently, we demonstrated that hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) inhibits the internalization of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor and the EGF‐induced mono‐ubiquitination of EGF receptor pathway substrate clone #15 (Eps15) in fibroblasts. In addition, it was suggested that EGF receptor internalization might be inhibited by H2O2 by inhibition of ubiquitination of proteins involved in endocytosis. Here, we show that H2O2 also inhibits the poly‐ubiquitination of the EGF receptor in fibroblasts. Furthermore, recovery of the cells resulted in re‐establishment of ubiquitination of both the EGF receptor and Eps15 and coincided with restoration of internalization of those receptors that had bound EGF in the presence of H2O2. In addition, EGF receptor internalization was inhibited by the sulphydryl reagent N‐ethylmaleimide (NEM), indicating that intact SH groups might be required for receptor‐mediated endocytosis. Furthermore, H2O2 rapidly induced an increase in the cellular ratio of GSSG:GSH (oxidized glutathione:reduced glutathione) and removal of H2O2 resulted in a fast restoration of the ratio of GSSG:GSH. Therefore, these results suggest a relation between the inhibition of internalization ubiquitination and an increase in GSSG:GSH ratio, which strengthens the hypothesis that H2O2 inhibits EGF receptor internalization by an inhibition of ubiquitination of proteins involved in EGF receptor‐mediated endocytosis.
Thermodynamic stability measurements on multimeric proteins using a new H/D exchange‐ and matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry‐based method
Authors: Powell Kendall D. , Wales Thomas E. , Fitzgerald Michael C. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractWe recently reported on a new H/D exchange‐ and matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry‐based technique, termed SUPREX, that removes several important limitations associated with measuring the thermodynamic stability of proteins. In contrast to conventional spectroscopy‐based techniques for characterizing the equilibrium unfolding behavior of proteins, SUPREX is amenable to the thermodynamic analysis of both purified and unpurified proteins using mg to ng quantities of material. Here we report on the application of SUPREX to the analysis of multimeric protein systems. Included in this work are the SUPREX results we obtained in studies on six model multimeric proteins including the GCN4p1 dimer, the coil‐VaLd trimer, the 4‐oxalocrotonate tautomerase (4‐OT) hexamer, the Trp repressor (TrpR) dimer, the Arc repressor (ArcR) dimer, and an ArcR mutant (the (DOA20)ArcR) dimer which contained two destabilizing mutations including an Asp to Ala mutation at position 20 and an amide to ester bond mutation between amino acid (aa) residues 19 and 20. As part of the work described here, we present a new method for the analysis of SUPREX data that is generally applicable to both monomeric and multimeric protein systems. Our results on the model proteins in this study indicate that this new method can be used to determine folding free energies for proteins with the accuracy and precision of conventional spectroscopy‐based methods.
The Golden Touch by Light: A Finely Engineered Luminogen Empowering High Photoactivatable and Photodynamic Efficiency for Cancer Phototheranostics
Authors: Chen Xiaohui , Niu Niu , Li Dan , Zhang Zicong , Zhuang Zeyan , Yan Dingyuan , Li Jiangao , Zhao Zujin , Wang Dong , Tang Ben Zhong 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPhotoactivatable agent is a powerful tool in biomedicine studies due to high‐precision spatiotemporal control of light. However, those previously reported agents generally suffer from short wavelength, fluorescence self‐quenching effect, and the lack of photosensitizing property, which severely restrict their practical applications. To address these issues, molecular engineering of 1,4‐dihydropyridine derivatives is conducted to obtain an optimized agent, namely TPA‐DHPy‐Py, which exhibits low oxidation potential, high photoactivation efficiency, and excellent type I/II combined photodynamic activity. Concurrently, its photoactivated counterpart is featured by aggregation‐induced near‐infrared emission and remarkable reactive oxygen species (ROS) production efficiency. Upon photoactivation, TPA‐DHPy‐Py is capable of precisely identifying cancer cells from co‐culturing cancer cells and normal cells without the assistance of any extra targeting units, and in situ monitoring lipid droplets and endoplasmic reticulum alteration under ROS stress, as well as achieving fluorescent visualization of tumor in vivo with supremely high imaging contrast. Furthermore, the unprecedented performance on photodynamic cancer therapy is demonstrated by the significant inhibition of tumor growth. Therefore, the photoactivatable TPA‐DHPy‐Py with dual‐organelle‐targeted and excellent photodynamic activity associated with self‐monitoring ability is highly promising for cancer theranostics in clinical trials.
Enabling Efficient Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution via In Situ Loading of Ni Single Atomic Sites on Red Phosphorus Quantum Dots
Authors: Jia Guangri , Sun Mingzi , Wang Ying , Cui Xiaoqiang , Huang Bolong , Yu Jimmy C. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCurrently, red phosphorus (RP) based catalysts have shown great potential for photocatalysis due to several important intrinsic advantages. The integration of single atomic sites and RP becomes a promising solution, which has rarely been discussed. Herein, a brand‐new type of photocatalyst is proposed by in situ loading Ni single atoms on the P vacancy defects of the RP quantum dots (Ni‐RPQD), achieving the successful attempt of combining single atomic catalyst (SAC), RP, and QDs for the first time. The Ni‐P sites act as electron antennas, which attract the photocarriers to the solid‐liquid interface and activate protons to initiate an efficient hydrogen production process, resulting in a high hydrogen production rate, which is 224 times higher than that of the original RPQD and is also superior to most reported RP‐based photocatalysts and competitive with the non‐noble metal‐based SAC photocatalysts. Theoretical explorations reveal that the atomically dispersed Ni atoms significantly lower the energy barrier for electron transfer during photocatalysis. This results in enhanced adsorption and fast dissociation of water molecules for more efficient H2 generation. This study offers a significant and new direction for future developments of advanced and stable photocatalysts for water splitting.
The Synergistic Activation of Ce‐Doping and CoP/Ni3P Hybrid Interaction for Efficient Water Splitting at Large‐Current‐Density
Authors: Zhang Fan , Wang Xin , Han Weiwei , Qian Yang , Qiu Lingshu , He Yi , Lei Lecheng , Zhang Xingwang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe high intermediate (H*, OH*) energy barriers and slow mass/charge transfer increase the overpotential of alkaline water electrolysis at large‐current‐density. Engineering the electronic structure with the morphology of the catalyst to reduce energy barriers and improve mass/charge transportation is effective but remains challenging. Herein, a Ce‐doped CoP nanosheet is hybrid with Ni3P@NF (Ni foam) support to enhance mass/charge transfer, tune energy barriers, and improve water‐splitting kinetics through a synergistic activation. The engineered Ce0.2‐CoP/Ni3P@NF cathode exhibits an ultralow overpotential (η500, η1000) of −185, and −225 mV at −500 and −1000 mA cm−2in 1.0 m KOH, along with an excellent pH‐universality. Impressively, an electrolyzer using the Ce0.2‐CoP/Ni3P@NF cathode can afford 500 mA cm−2at a cell voltage of only 1.775 V and maintain stable electrolysis for 200 h in 25 wt% KOH (50 °C). Characterization and density functional theory calculation further reveal the Ce‐doping and CoP/Ni3P hybrid interaction synergistically downshift d‐band centers (εd = −2.0 eV) of Ce0.2‐CoP/Ni3P to the Fermi level, thereby activate local electronic structure for accelerating H2O dissociation and optimizing Gibbs free energy of hydrogen adsorption (∆GH*).
RNF126‐Mediated MRE11 Ubiquitination Activates the DNA Damage Response and Confers Resistance of Triple‐Negative Breast Cancer to Radiotherapy
Authors: Liu Wenjing , Zheng Min , Zhang Rou , Jiang Qiuyun , Du Guangshi , Wu Yingying , Yang Chuanyu , Li Fubing , Li Wei , Wang Luzhen , Wu Jiao , Shi Lei , Li Wenhui , Zhang Kai , Zhou Zhongmei , Liu Rong , Gao Yingzheng , Huang Xinwei , Fan Songqing , Zhi Xu , Jiang Dewei , Chen Ceshi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTriple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) has higher molecular heterogeneity and metastatic potential and the poorest prognosis. Because of limited therapeutics against TNBC, irradiation (IR) therapy is still a common treatment option for patients with lymph nodes or brain metastasis. Thus, it is urgent to develop strategies to enhance the sensitivity of TNBC tumors to low‐dose IR. Here, the authors report that E3 ubiquitin ligase Ring finger protein 126 (RNF126) is important for IR‐induced ATR‐CHK1 pathway activation to enhance DNA damage repair (DDR). Mechanistically, RNF126 physically associates with the MRE11‐RAD50‐NBS1 (MRN) complex and ubiquitinates MRE11 at K339 and K480 to increase its DNA exonuclease activity, subsequent RPA binding, and ATR phosphorylation, promoting sustained DDR in a homologous recombination repair‐prone manner. Accordingly, depletion of RNF126 leads to increased genomic instability and radiation sensitivity in both TNBC cells and mice. Furthermore, it is found that RNF126 expression is induced by IR activating the HER2‐AKT‐NF‐κB pathway and targeting RNF126 expression with dihydroartemisinin significantly improves the sensitivity of TNBC tumors in the brain to IR treatment in vivo. Together, these results reveal that RNF126‐mediated MRE11 ubiquitination is a critical regulator of the DDR, which provides a promising target for improving the sensitivity of TNBC to radiotherapy.
Homemade Solution of NaOD in D2O: Applications in the Field of Stilbene‐d1 Synthesis
Authors: Imai Keisuke , Tomita Naohito , Fujioka Hiroyoshi , Kamiya Mako , Ogasahara Riku , Ban Kazuho , Shimizu Hyoga , Ishimoto Takayoshi , Sajiki Hironao , Akai Shuji , Sawama Yoshinari 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe development of deuterium‐incorporation method is eagerly desired. A solution of sodium deuteroxide in deuterium oxide (NaOD in D2O) was simply prepared by mixing D2O and t‐BuONa. Subsequently, the t‐BuOD layer, generated under conditions of the salting‐out effect, was separate. The purity (volume of the contaminated t‐BuOD as side‐product) of the homemade NaOD in D2O was evaluated by 1H NMR and Raman analyses. NaOD in D2O was used for the one‐pot synthesis of mono‐deuterated trans‐stilbene (stilbene‐d1) in the aqueous Horner‐Wadsworth‐Emmons reaction. The present method can be widely applied to synthesize the various mono‐deuterated stilbene derivatives with high deuterium content. Additionally, the obtained mono‐deuterated stilbene derivatives could be successfully converted to various deuterated compounds.
Visualizing the Intermittent Gating of Na+/H+ Antiporters in Single Native Bioluminescent Bacteria**
Authors: Li Yaohua , Li Haoran , Gao Jia , Niu Ben , Wang Huan , Wang Wei 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWhile the intermittent gating of ion channels has been well studied for decades, dynamics of the action of secondary transporters, another major pathway for ion transmembrane transports, remains largely unexplored in living cells. Herein, intermittent blinking of the spontaneous bioluminescence (BL) from single native bacteria, P. phosphoreum, was reported, investigated and attributed to the intermittent gating of sodium/proton antiporters (NhaA) between the active and inactive conformations. Each gating event caused the rapid depolarization and recovery of membrane potential within several seconds, accompanying with the apparent BL blinking due to the transient inhibitions on the activity of the respiratory chain. Temperature‐dependent measurements further obtained an activation energy barrier of the conformational change of 20.3 kJ mol−1.
Copper‐Catalyzed Enantioselective C1,N‐Dipolar (3+2) Cycloadditions of 2‐Aminoallyl Cations with Indoles
Authors: Shen Lulu , Zheng Yin , Lin Zitong , Qin Tianzhu , Huang Zhongxing , Zi Weiwei 
Published: December 2022

Abstract2‐Aminoallyl cations are versatile 1,3‐dipoles that could potentially be used for diverse (3+n) cycloaddition reactions. Despite some preliminary studies, the asymmetric catalytic transformation of these species is still underdeveloped. We herein report a binuclear copper‐catalyzed generation of 2‐aminoallyl cations from ethynyl methylene cyclic carbamates and their enantioselective (3+2) cycloaddition reaction with indoles to construct chiral pyrroloindolines. This transformation features a novel C1,N‐dipolar reactivity for 2‐aminoallyl cations.
Numerical approximations for the dynamics of cosmological scalar fields with a quartic self‐interaction
Authors: Ureña‐López L. Arturo 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this paper, I present a new representation of the cosmological equations of motion for a cosmic scalar field endowed with a composite potential, which contains two terms: one quadratic and one quartic, and show that it can be transformed into a suitable dynamical system under a spherical change of variables. I discuss the features of the solutions and the critical points of the new system in the case of a single‐field model, and make a comparison with direct solutions of the Klein‐Gordon equation. Also, the case of rapid field oscillations is considered, together with the proposal to cut them off from the numerical solutions.
Correspondence between resident‐ and staff‐report on the QABF: Do justice‐involved youth agree with residential staff?
Authors: Sheridan Daniel J. , Edgemon Anna Kate , Rapp John T. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractResidents in juvenile residential treatment facilities (JRTFs) often display various emotional, behavioral, and educational needs. Researchers have recently developed behavioral interventions to increase residents' appropriate behavior such as cooperation with facility staff instructions, accepting feedback from facility staff, and tolerating unpleasant events. However, there is not a generally accepted tool for assessing the operant function of residents' problem behavior in JRTFs. For various logistical reasons, indirect functional assessments may be more appropriate in a JRTF than manipulating either antecedent or consequent events. This study obtained scores on the Questions About Behavior Function (QABF) assessment for 17 residents from two dormitory staff members for each resident. To increase the number of respondents, each resident completed a QABF for their own behavior. Results revealed moderate to high correspondence (i.e., agreement) for highest and lowest potential operant function of problem behavior between combinations of JRTF staff and residents. These preliminary findings suggest additional research with the QABF in JRTFs is warranted.
Hybrid Hydrothermal Carbonization and Ultrasound Technology on Oil Palm Biomass for Hydrochar Production
Authors: Madusari Sylvia , Jamari Saidatul Shima , Nordin Noor Ida Amalina Ahamad , Bindar Yazid , Prakoso Tirto , Restiawaty Elvi , Steven Soen 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe hybrid hydrothermal carbonization and ultrasound technology (HHTC‐Us) efficiently utilizes the function of both ultrasounds‐assisted and hydrothermal carbonization for hydrochar production. The HHTC‐Us of oil palm residues plays an essential role in hydrochar production. Hydrochar is a carbon‐rich material potentially produced from oil palm biomass, which has gained great interest due to its unique properties. Four main topics were highlighted: the production of crude palm oil and impacted biomass residue generation, properties and potential values of oil palm biomass conversion as hydrochar, hybrid hydrothermal carbonization reaction routes, and processing parameters that affect the HHTC‐Us technology. The review elucidates the promising production process or modification of hydrochar from oil palm biomass residues through hybrid technology. The technology potentially enhanced sustainability, creating challenges and new opportunities.
Novel biotechnological approaches to improving aromas and flavors of legume‐derived food products
Authors: Kryachko Yuriy , Tanaka Takuji , Nickerson Michael T. , Korber Darren R. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesBeany flavor and aroma pertaining to legumes and legume‐derived food products are among the reasons for their limited acceptance by Western consumers. Fermentation has been used for improving qualities of various food sources in traditional cuisines across the globe for millennia. This review is dedicated to novel ideas regarding the improvement of flavor and aroma properties of legumes and legume‐derived products using fermentation and/or enzymatic treatments. Special attention is paid to the utilization of microorganisms capable of cyclodextrin (CD) production.FindingsNovel genetically engineered and/or immobilized microorganisms, such as Bacillus spp., or enzymes, such as cyclodextrin glycosyl transferases (CGTases), were recently shown to be efficient in helping remove undesirable odor‐/flavor‐active compounds from food products.ConclusionsFermentation of legumes/legume‐derived products by CD‐producers is an industrially feasible approach to the production of novel legume‐derived food products with improved odor/flavor properties.Significance and NoveltyOn the basis of the reviewed material, a two‐stage processing of legumes/legume‐derived products, including either acid treatment or fermentation by lactic acid bacteria (LAB) at the first stage to unbind odor‐/flavor‐active compounds from proteins and then, at the second stage, using CD‐producers (primarily Bacillus spp.) to scavenge such compounds with CDs, is proposed.
Selenium‐doped Graphite for Electrochemical Sensing and Adsorption of Hg(II) and Cd(II) Ions
Authors: Maity Sayantan , Deshmukh Sujit , Roy Susanta Sinha , Dhar Basab Bijayi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSelenium‐doped Graphite (Se‐DG) has been used for electrochemical (EC) sensing and adsorption of poisonous Hg(II) and Cd(II) ions which can produce acute toxic effects on various organs. Hence, detection and efficient removal of both the metal ions from aquatic sources are very crucial. Herein, square wave anodic stripping voltammetry (SWASV) method was applied for EC detection using Se‐DG coated glassy carbon electrode (GCE) as a working electrode. Corresponding EC responses were observed due to the interaction between the sensing surface and the analytes. Elemental Se (Se0) present in Se‐DG played a crucial role in EC sensing. The limit of detection (LoD) of Hg(II) and Cd(II) were observed to be 4.3 ppb and 1.9 ppb respectively. The limit of quantification (LoQ) were found as ppb 14.3 ppb and 6.3 ppb respectively. Batch method was carried out for adsorption of the same carcinogenic metal ions on the Se‐DG surface. Ultra‐trace concentration of the metal ions was determined in Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP‐MS). Maximum adsorption capacity (QM) for Hg(II) and Cd(II) were found 210.81 mg g−1 and 205.53 mg g−1 respectively from Langmuir fit. The adsorption process was spontaneous and endothermic and it could be better fitted by a pseudo‐second order rate law, suggesting a chemisorption over physisorption. X‐Ray Photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was performed to investigate the binding interaction of different functionalities present in Se‐DG with metal ions.