bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical and pathogenetic significance of immunity factors in congenital generalized infection caused by the herpes simplex virus
Authors: Levkovich M. A. , Kravchenko L. V. , Кrukier I. I. , Ermolova N. V. , Avrutskaya V. V. , Kaushanskaya L. V. , Levkovich A. Yu. 
Published: April 2023

Intrauterine infections are serious diseases that largely determine the level of infant mortality. Newborns who have had intrauterine infections often have long-term consequences, leading to disability. One of the intrauterine infections is a congenital infection caused by the herpes simplex virus (neonatal herpes). Neonatal herpes occurs less frequently (1:2000 live births) than cytomegalovirus fection, but the clinical symptoms in this disease are characterized by multiorgan damage.Purpose. To determine the role of immune factors in the development of congenital generalized HSV infection.Material and methods. Twenty-two newborns with a severe form of congenital generalized infection caused by the herpes simplex virus infection were examined (group I). The control group consisted of 26 healthy newborns born to women with uncomplicated pregnancy and childbirth. Determination of the population and subpopulation composition of peripheral blood lymphocytes and monocytes, the level of expression of activation markers, T-regulatory cells (Treg) was carried out by laser fl w cytometry using reagents from Immunotex (France), Caltag (USA), HyCultbiotechnology (Netherlands): FITC (fl escein isothiocyanate) — labeled CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD 16+, CD19+, CD282+ and PE (phycoerythrin)-labeled CD95+, CD25+, CD14+. Determination of the number of lymphocytes that have entered apoptosis using a diagnostic kit including Annexin-V, labeled with FITC and propidium iodide (PI), (Caltag, USA). The concentration of IFN-γ, IFN-α, IL-12 in the blood serum of newborns was determined by ELISA using BenderMedsistems test systems.Results. The development of a congenital generalized infection caused by the herpes simplex virus is associated with a lack of IFN-α, IFN-γ, IL-12 production, a decrease in the number of monocytes expressing TLR-2, a decrease in the relative number of CD8+, CD16+ lymphocytes, CD25+ activation markers, on the surface of NK cells, in combination with an increase in CD16 + CD95 +, AnnexinV + PI +, the number of Tregs.Conclusion. The results of the work indicate suppression of the early stages of the innate immune response, impaired effector function of immunocompetent cells, apoptosis processes
Natural history of phenotype markers in patients with bronchial asthma (a decade’s observation)
Authors: Kamaev A. V. , Mizernitsky Yu. L. , Shaporova N. L. 
Published: April 2023

Volatility of certain bronchial asthma (BA) phenotype markers is not enough investigated during maturation of pediatric patients. Material and methods. One hundred thirty-one patients with non-severe BA were included; by the age on inclusion date subgroups of “Children” (62 patients aged 6 to 11 years) and “Adolescents” (69 patients aged 12–17 years) were allocated. Every 6 months patients were examined, fulfi d asthma control questionnaires, performed spirometry with salbutamol test, provided hematology results with absolute eosinophil count and height and weight data. Exacerbation and hospitalization numbers, BA severity and controller treatment step were considered. Acquired data were archived; patients’ management was driven by real clinical practice algorithms.Results. Ninety-three patients included (71%) completed at least decade observation. Adolescents and young adults had body mass index higher than 90th percentile by age more often than younger children; some patients had normalized their body mass during observation. BMI and ACT results had moderate reverse correlation (r=–0.64). Eosinophil counts more than 300 cells per microliter conserved longer in older patients: duration median and [Q1; Q3] for “Adolescents” were 11,7 [9,6; 15,3] months and 9.3 [4.8; 11.1] months for “Children” subgroup, difference was significant (р=0.043). Most lung functional parameters were in age normal range. Rare cases of functional obstruction were not stable and did not differ in duration between “Children” 7.3 [6.2; 8.8] months and “Adolescents” 8.4 [6.5; 10.4] months.Conclusion. Phenotype markers of future BA exacerbation risk are quite volatile in pediatric patients and young adults. We recommend repeated evaluation of such markers every 12–18 month of observation to decide on asthma controller change. Simultaneous detection of several markers was quite often but did not lead to more severe asthma course in most patients. Longer duration of elevated BMI or peripheral blood eosinophils were typical for patients with more often BA exacerbations.
Gut microbiota in chronic liver diseases in children
Authors: Volynets G. V. , Nikitin A. V. , Skvortsova T. A. , Potapov A. S. , Dudurich V. V. , Danilov L. G. 
Published: April 2023

The impact of gut microbiota on the development of various diseases is of great interest to researchers. However, data on the taxonomic diversity of the intestinal microbiota in chronic liver diseases in children are lacking.Purpose. To study the taxonomic diversity of the fecal microbiota in children with chronic liver diseases in comparison with healthy patients.Material and methods. A metagenomic analysis of the intestinal microbiota of 24 children with chronic liver diseases (mean age 10.3 ± 4.7 years) was carried out with the isolation of the target fragment of the 16S rRNA gene. The group included 18 children with autoimmune liver diseases and 6 children with non-autoimmune liver diseases. The comparison group consisted of fecal samples of 34 apparently healthy children.Results. The conducted study revealed 684 types of microorganisms in the studied samples of patients’ feces. An analysis of the conducted studies showed that fecal samples of healthy children and patients with chronic liver diseases differ in bacterial diversity. The dominant taxa in healthy children were Neisseria flavescens, in patients with chronic liver diseases, the dominant taxa were Bifidobacterium longum, Bifidobacterium adolescentis, Blautia massiliensis. At the same time, Bifidobacterium longum, Bifidobacterium adolescentis, Blautia massiliensis in fecal samples of patients with chronic liver diseases was 8 times as high.Conclusion. Studies have shown differences in the composition of the intestinal microbiota in healthy children and children with chronic liver diseases.
Frequency and risk factors of simple obesity in children with bronchial asthma
Authors: Alimova I. L. , Yacheykina N. A. 
Published: April 2023

Currently, it has been established that obesity in children with bronchial asthma leads to a more severe course of the disease, a worse quality of life, and a reduced response to treatment.Purpose. To study the incidence and risk factors of simple obesity in children with bronchial asthma. The aim of the study was to study the incidence and risk factors of simple obesity in children with bronchial asthma.Material and methods. The study included 484 patients aged 7 to 14 years: the main group consisted of 237 patients with atopic bronchial asthma, the comparison group consisted of 247 children without a diagnosis of bronchial asthma.Results. Patients of the main group were obese more often (18.9%) than children of the comparison group (11.3%, p=0.019). During 5 years of bronchial asthma disease, a tendency (p=0.087) was revealed to increase the SDS body mass index indicator in the dynamics of the disease (from 0.32 to 0.45) and the number of patients with III and IV degrees of obesity (from 10.5% to 42.8%, p=0.025). In children of the main group with normal SDS body mass index before the diagnosis of bronchial asthma 5 years after the onset of the disease, in 8.5% of cases there was obesity (p<0.001) and in 23.9% — excess body weight (p<0.001), in children with initial excess body weight, obesity was diagnosed in 28.6% of cases (p=0.048), and among children who were obese at the time of bronchial asthma, 26.3% had an increase in its severity (p=0.023). In patients with bronchial asthma and obesity, according to the bioimpedance analysis findings, a pronounced imbalance between energy intake and its consumption was revealed, and according to the nutrition assessment data — an unbalanced diet, a violation of the diet and a sedentary lifestyle.Conclusion. Simple obesity occurs in 18.9% of school-age children with atopic bronchial asthma, and over the course of 5 years of the disease, the number of patients with obesity increases and its severity progresses. Therefore training of patients and their parents, correction of nutrition and increasing the volume of physical activity are an important component of treatment.
Kültürel Mirasın Korunması Kapsamında Gaziantep Oyun ve Oyuncak Müzesi
Authors: ÖZDAL Ayşenur 
Published: April 2023

Küreselleşmenin, modern çağın getirdikleri karşısında kendini yenileyememiş kültürleri yok edeceği tehdidine karşı UNESCO ve ICOM gibi uluslararası faaliyet gösteren kurumlar kültürel mirasların korunması için müze aktivitelerine vurgu yapmaktadır. Son yıllarda Türkiye’de sayıları artarak hizmet veren kültürel miras müzesi formuna sahip olan oyun ve oyuncak müzeleri turistik bir faaliyetle beraber millî değerlerin muhafaza edilerek korunduğu, sergilendiği ve atölye programlarıyla kültürel mirasın uygulanmasına ve yaşamasına fırsat tanıyan kurumlar olarak öne çıkmaktadır. Müzelerin toplumsal bellek ve gelenek ile ilişkisi üzerinden somut ve somut olmayan kültürel mirasın yaşamasına sunduğu katkı bu çalışmada Gaziantep Oyun ve Oyuncak Müzesi üzerinden değerlendirilmiştir.
Gaziantep Oyun ve Oyuncak Müzesi, Gaziantep’in en eski mahallelerinden olan, tarihî mimarisini koruyan, belediyenin restorasyon çalışmaları ile turistik bir nitelik kazandırdığı Bey Mahallesi’nde bulunmaktadır. Tarihî bir Antep evinde kurulu olan galerilerle, bu eve bağlı mağarada hizmet veren müzede hem dünyadaki farklı kültürlere ait oyuncaklar hem de Türk kültürüne ait geleneksel ve fabrika üretimi oyuncaklar sergilenmektedir. Müzedeki sanat programlarında her yaştan katılıma uygun, geleneksel oyuncak yapımı üzerine gerçekleştirilen uygulamaya yönelik etkinliklerin yanı sıra yaratıcı drama ve masal atölyeleri düzenlenmektedir. Bu etkinlikler sırasında geleneksel bilgi, oyun ve oyuncak üzerinden aktarılmakta, atölyelerden sonra müze bahçesinde çocuklara uzman eğitmenler eşliğinde geleneksel çocuk oyunları oynatılmaktadır. Çalışmada Gaziantep Oyun ve Oyuncak Müzesi’nde oyun ve oyuncağın çok yönlü faaliyet ağı içerisinde değerlendirildiği, müzenin sergi koleksiyonu ve yaşayan müze formuyla toplumsal belleği canlandırarak kültürel mirasın yaşamasına katkı sunduğu görülmüştür.
Magnetic and grain-size properties of the Weihe River sediments reveal runoff changes in the Holocene
Authors: Zhang Junhui , Li Dongxing , Wang Yaxin , Liu Xin , Wu Bowen , Liu Bin , Wang Youjun , Liu Zhi , Zhou Xionghui , Kang Xiuli , Wang Peng , Liu Junheng 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Detailed and systematic analyses of the magnetic and grain-size properties of the Weihe River sediments were conducted to explore effective proxies that could reflect variations in the runoff. Ultimately, the magnetic parameter χARM/χlf was considered a reliable proxy owing to the close relationship with grain-size fraction larger than 63 μm, with a correlation coefficient of 0.90. By combining accelerator mass spectrometry radiocarbon (AMS 14C) dating, a timescale ranging from 12,900 year BP to the present was established for the section. Accordingly, the reconstructed runoff variations showed that, from 12,900 to 9,600 year BP, the hydrodynamic force of the river was relatively strong, and the runoff was large. From 9,600 to 7,500 year BP, these two parameters varied from weak to strong, and the trend continued to increase from 7,500 to 5,300 year BP. At 5,300 year BP, the sediments shifted from the fluvial to the continental environment, indicating a marked decrease in the runoff. Although the resolution and pattern of this reconstruction were rough, this is a significant analysis among the historical runoff studies based on floodplain sediments, and the results showed trends that to some extent coincide with the variations in the intensity of the East Asian Summer Monsoon.
Synthesis of New Coumarin-C3 Benzimidazole Hybrids and Their Urease
Inhibition Studies
Authors: Akyüz Gülay , Menteşe Emre 
Published: April 2023

Abstract:
A novel series of coumarin-benzimidazole hybrids were designed, synthesized, and extensively
characterized using spectral data, including FT-IR, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR. Weatherburn's
method was used to test new compounds' inhibition of urease activity. The results were evaluated by
considering the effects of different side groups and hybridization. The chlorine atom in the molecules
notably affects the inhibitory activity of urease. The best result was obtained with the compound “6-
chloro-N'-{[5,6-dichloro-2-(2-thienylmethyl)-1H-benzimidazol-1-yl]acetyl}-2-oxo-2H-chromene-3-
carbohydrazide” (3b) with IC50= 12.48±0.12 μg/mL against Jack bean urease.
Average Volume-assured Pressure Support as Rescue Therapy after CPAP Failure in Pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Retrospective Case Series Study
Authors: Peng Victor T. , Hwig Nauras , Lasso-Pirot Anayansi , Isaiah Amal , Diaz-Abad Montserrat 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is frequently prescribed for patients with residual obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) following adenotonsillectomy.

Objectives:
The goal was to examine the efficacy of noninvasive ventilation with average volume-assured pressure support (AVAPS) as a potential option for children with failed CPAP titration.

Methods:
In a single-center retrospective study, we included children aged 1-17 years, with polysomnographically confirmed OSA who underwent AVAPS titration following failed CPAP titration. In addition to describing the clinical characteristics of the included patients, we compared polysomnographic parameters before and after AVAPS.

Results:

Nine patients met the inclusion criteria; out of them, 8 (89%) were males with an age range of 6.7 ± 3.9 years and a body mass index percentile of 81.0 ± 28.9. Reasons for failed CPAP titration were: 3 (33%) patients due to inability to control apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), 3 (33%) patients due to sleep-related hypoventilation, 2 (22%) patients due to treatment-emergent central sleep apnea, and 1 (11%) patient due to intolerance to CPAP. AVAPS resulted in a greater reduction in AHI than CPAP (reduction following CPAP = 24.6 ± 29.3, reduction following AVAPS = 42.5 ± 37.6, p = 0.008). All patients had resolution of the problems which caused CPAP failure.

Conclusion:
In this case a series of children with OSA and with failed CPAP titration, AVAPS resulted in a greater reduction in AHI compared with CPAP as well as resolution of the problems which caused CPAP failure.
Nutritional Status, Anemia and Eating Behavior among Children with Elevated Blood Lead Levels in a Primary Health Care of Peru
Authors: Morales Juan , Yovera-Sandoval Elizabeth María , Basilio-Rojas Marlene Raquel 
Published: April 2023

Aim:
Malnutrition, anemia, and lead exposure are important public health problems.

Introduction:
To assess nutritional status, anemia, and eating habits and their relationship to elevated blood lead levels in children.

Materials and Methods:
Descriptive study conducted with data from children evaluated in a district of Callao, Peru. The variables studied were: nutritional status, based on anthropometric measurements; anemia, determined by blood hemoglobin concentration; dietary habits, evaluated by the 24-hour dietary recall method and food consumption frequency; and blood lead, determined by LeadCare II analyzer.

Results and Discussion:
A total of 425 children participated, with a median age of 6 years (IQR=5; Q3=9, Q1=4), 52.2% (n=222) were female and 71.3% (n=303) had blood lead level (BLL) ≥5μg/dL. Among children with BLL ≥5 μg/dL, 11.6% (n=35) presented poor nutritional status, 9.9% (n=30) had anemia, and 63% (n=191) had inadequate eating habits. Of the children with inadequate eating habits, 17.4% (n=47) had poor nutritional status and 15.9% (n=43) had anemia, compared to children with adequate eating habits (p<0.001). In children with BLL ≥5 μg/dL, the children's median hemoglobin, body weight, and height were 12.2 g/dL, 21.6 Kg, and 114.8 cm, respectively; while in those with Pb levels <5 μg/dL it was 12.5 g/dL, 29 Kg and 126.55 cm, respectively (p<0.05).

Conclusion:
Nutritional status, anemia, and eating habits did not differ according to BLL; however, lower median hemoglobin, weight, and height were found in children with elevated lead levels. Children with subnormal nutritional status and children with anemia presented a shorter time to reach elevated blood lead levels.
Anti-obesity Effect of Bioengineered Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized
from Persea americana on Obese Albino Rats
Authors: Mohammed Reshma Anjum , Danda Aruna Kumari , Kotakadi Sai Manogna , Nannepaga John Sushma 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Obesity is an immoderate or abnormal accretion of fat or adipose tissue in the
body that is prone to damage the health of mankind. Persea americana (Avocados) is a nutritious fruit
known for its several health benefits. The current research was planned to evaluate the anti-obesity activity
of bioengineered Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs) against a high-fat diet (HFD) treated obese albino
rats.

Methods:
AgNPs were synthesized and characterized for the Phytochemical constituents, UV-vis Spectroscopy,
FTIR, SEM and XRD. Furthermore, the lipid profile in serum, biochemical parameters and
histopathological changes in tissues of albino rats were determined.

Results:
The present study revealed the presence of tannins, flavonoids, steroids and saponins, carbohydrates,
alkaloids, phenols and glycosides. The peak was disclosed at 402 nm in UV-vis spectroscopy,
confirming the synthesis of AgNPs. FTIR analysis showed two peaks at 3332.25 cm-1 which correspond
to the O-H stretch of the carboxylic acid band, and 1636.40 cm-1 represents the N-H stretch of
the amide of proteins, respectively. This result confirms their contribution to the capping and stabilization
of AgNPs. The XRD results confirm the crystalline nature of AgNPs, and SEM results indicated
that the synthesized AgNPs were spherical. Further, the results of the current study showed the improved
lipid profile and biochemical parameters in rats supplemented with methanolic pulp extract
of Persea americana AgNPs when compared with other experimental groups. The histopathological
findings displayed improved results with reduced hepatocyte degradation under the influence of AgNPs
treatment.

Conclusion:
All the experimental evidence indicated the possible anti-obesity effect of silver nanoparticles
synthesized from the methanolic pulp extract of Persea americana.
Tiagabine Incorporated Polymeric Microneedles: Formulation and
Characterization Studies
Authors: Aykaç Kadir , Başaran Ebru 
Published: April 2023

Background:
The oral route is the primary route for both acute and chronic treatment of
epilepsy. However, lack of oral access during the seizures and high drug resistance limit the antiepileptogenic
effects of most antiepileptic drugs. Therefore, alternative routes and novel drug delivery
systems are required. In this study, polymeric microneedles were formulated and characterized
for possible intranasal administration of Tiagabine (TIA) in order to overcome the blood-brain barrier
(BBB).

Methods:
In our study, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and Eudragit® S 100 (ES100) based polymeric
microneedles were formulated by micromolding method. Scanning electron microscopy
(SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), fourier transform
infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR), in vitro release,
and texture analyses were performed. For the stability analyses, formulations were kept at 25°C ±
2°C (60 ± 5% Relative Humidity; RH), 40°C ± 2°C (75 ± 5% RH) and 5°C ± 3°C for six months.

Results:
Analysis results revealed that robust microneedles were formulated successfully by micromolding
method with adjustable needle lengths. Depending on the polymer type, sustained TIA
releases up to 72 hours were achieved. Structural integrities were maintained at all storage conditions
during the storage period of six months.

Conclusion:
TIA-loaded microneedles have the potential with less invasive properties, even with
small amounts of TIA, through the unconventional nasal route for effective treatment of epilepsy.
COMMUNITY CONCERNS OF RIVER POLLUTION SPATIAL MODEL USING GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM (GIS) IN IBAI RIVER, TERENGGANU
Authors: Tun Ismail Wan Nor Azilawanie , Amin Aziz , Kamarudin Mohd Khairul Amri , Ibrahim Asmawi , Nik Md Salleh Nik Sarina 
Published: April 2023

Our nation has recently become quite concerned about the issue of environmental pollution, especially with the deterioration of river quality. The Department of Environment's monitoring efforts has revealed significant declines in the nation's river water quality. Focusing on all-encompassing and well-coordinated initiatives to improve the quality of life is essential for raising public awareness and fostering a sense of shared responsibility for the environment. The main objective of this study is to develop a spatial model using a Geographic Information System (GIS) for determining the level of knowledge, attitude, and behavior among Kampung Laut respondents toward the conservation of the Ibai River in Terengganu, Malaysia. This study applied a quantitative methodology and collected its data through a survey method. By using clustered sampling, 78 respondents in all were chosen. The study was conducted in the Ibai rivers, which Terengganu had classified as contaminated. The statistical package for social science (SPSS) version 21 was used to analyze the data descriptively and inferentially, while GIS was employed for the spatial model. The data were gathered via a questionnaire. The findings show that the level of knowledge was high and attitude was at a moderate level. Meanwhile, the findings depict that respondents' behavior in river conservation is low. The findings also show that knowledge and attitude did not correlate with environmental behavior. This study is critical and significant in ensuring the sustainability of the river. The stakeholders are also involved in this study's policy-making and efforts to address the problems of river pollution. The general public, regardless of age, can contribute to the ecosystem's well-being by teaching the next generation to cherish the environment, especially the rivers.