bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel curvature‐correction technique insensitive to process variations
Authors: Tao Linzhi , Zhuang Haoyu , Chen Leiting , Li Yizhan , Li Qiang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis paper proposes a novel curvature‐correction technique insensitive to process variations, which can be used in not only the bandgap reference (BGR) circuit but also the Zener reference circuit. By using two BJT transistors to form a differential pair structure, the current difference between the differential pair generates a compensation current, which compensates for the non‐linearity in the reference voltage. Unlike the classic curvature‐correction technique which can only be used in the BGR circuit, this novel technique can be used in the Zener reference circuit as well. What is more, the proposed curvature‐correction technique is insensitive to process variations, which greatly increases the reliability of commercial products. Finally, simulation results verify the validity of the proposed technique.
Self‐decoupling coupled‐fed patch antennas for 5G multiple‐input multiple‐output applications
Authors: Ge Lei , Lin Huawei , Ji Yuan , Tam Kam‐Weng , Zhao Yue 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSelf‐decoupling coupled‐fed patch antennas are designed in this letter. The self‐decoupling mechanism is based on the weak‐field region formed by the T‐shaped probe feed and the radiating patch of the antenna element itself. When another identical antenna element is placed in the weak‐field region, high isolation between the two elements can be achieved without adding extra decoupling structures. To validate the decoupling mechanism, a dual‐element antenna array is initially built and an isolation level of better than 30 dB is achieved over the impedance band of 3.3–3.66 GHz with an element spacing of 0.53λ0. Next, a four‐element multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) linear antenna array is presented to further verify the decoupling method and good isolation performance is also obtained, which demonstrates that the proposed designs are good candidates for 5G MIMO applications.
Doherty power amplifier with simplified out‐of‐phase power splitter for 5G applications
Authors: Chen Jianqiang , Zhang Zhihao , Li Jiajin , Guan Yuhan , Tang Weilong , Zhang Gary 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis letter presents the architecture and characterization of a Doherty power amplifier (DPA) with a simplified out‐of‐phase power splitter (SOPPS) for fifth‐generation (5G) small‐cell applications. The proposed SOPPS consists of two passive components, which is conducive to chip miniaturization. Additionally, a stable DPA architecture is employed to avoid oscillation caused by out‐of‐phase ports imbalance. A DPA based on gallium arsenide (GaAs) heterojunction bipolar transistor (HBT) technology is fabricated, achieving high gain of 32 dB over 2.5 to 2.7 GHz. Using a continuous‐wave signal, the DPA exhibits a saturation output power of 36 dBm, with a peak power‐added efficiency (PAE) of 42.3% and 37% at saturation and 6‐dB power‐back‐off, respectively, across the operating band.
Gaussian process regression‐based load forecasting model
Authors: Yadav Anamika , Bareth Rashmi , Kochar Matushree , Pazoki Mohammad , Sehiemy Ragab A. El 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn this paper, Gaussian Process Regression (GPR)‐based models which use the Bayesian approach to regression analysis problem such as load forecasting (LF) are proposed. The GPR is a non‐parametric kernel‐based learning method having the ability to provide correct predictions with uncertainty in measurements. The proposed model provides an hourly and monthly load forecast for an Australian city and four Indian cities in the Maharashtra state. Twelve GPR models are trained with historical datasets including hourly load and environmental data. To evaluate the trained model, the actual and predicted load demand curve is plotted and mean average percentage error (MAPE) is calculated corresponding to different kernel functions of the GPR model. To the best of the author's knowledge, the prediction of load demand using GPR for Indian cities of Maharashtra state has been made for the first time. The calculated MAPE in LF is 0.15% for Australia and 0.002%, 0.209%, 0.077%, and 0.140% for Indian cities viz. Nasik, Bhusawal, Kolhapur, and Aurangabad, respectively. The test results illustrate that minimum MAPE in load prediction is obtained using the proposed model that is GPR with ‘Exponential’ kernel functions. Furthermore, the comparative analysis with the existing approaches confirms the dominance of the proposed model.
A chitosan‐based hydrogel containing zinc oxide nanoparticles as a carrier for improving antibacterial activity and controlling the release of antibiotics
Authors: Rastegari Ali , Hasanshakir Fatemeh , Mohammadi Zohreh , Saadatpour Fatemeh , Faghihi Homa , Moraffah Fatemeh 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMicrobial infections are considered one of the most important concerns of the world community. Developing drug delivery systems based on formulation of nanoparticles (NPs) with antimicrobial agents has shown beneficial effectiveness against microbial infections and related antimicrobial resistance. In this study, the authors prepared and characterized a chitosan‐based hydrogel loaded with zinc oxide NPs for controlling the release of vancomycin and also improving its antibacterial effect. Characterization studies demonstrated that the developed biopolymeric hydrogel was able to sustain and control the release of vancomycin in response to acidic media for 96 h. Furthermore, antimicrobial studies showed significant and efficient antibacterial activity of prepared hydrogel against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Based on the obtained results, it can be concluded that the prepared chitosan hydrogel (CH) containing zinc oixde (ZnO) NPs has a desirable activity for controlling the release of vancomycin and improving its antibacterial properties.
An improved passivity‐based control for suppressing the traction motor torque ripples due to traction network voltage fluctuation in high‐speed railways
Authors: Zhao Wenqing , Lu Bing , Liu Zhigang , Zhang Guinan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWhen the voltage fluctuation of the traction network occurs in high‐speed railways, the interharmonics in the grid‐side voltage will propagate to the traction motor, which results in the motor torque ripple of running trains. The ripple can cause abnormal vibrations of key train components and even influence train operation safety. However, the traditional proportional‐integral controller used in the inverter‐motor system has a weak anti‐interference capability when facing nonlinear disturbances. This paper proposes an improved passivity‐based control (IPBC) to suppress the impact of interharmonics on trains. First, the Euler‐Lagrange mathematical model of the traction inverter‐motor system is established. Then, the PBC for this system is designed by damping injection, ensuring the asymptotic stability of the system. Furthermore, to purposely suppress the impact of the periodic disturbance on the system, a repetitive controller is designed in parallel with the PBC to control the inverter‐motor system. Finally, through the offline simulation and HIL simulation, it has been verified that the proposed IPBC can effectively suppress the motor torque ripple and the vibrations of key train components. The control strategy proposed in this paper has a reference significance for improving the operational stability of high‐speed trains.
GsNAC2 gene enhances saline-alkali stress tolerance by promoting plant growth and regulating glutathione metabolism in Sorghum bicolor
Authors: Wu Rong , Kong Lingxin , Wu Xiao , Gao Jing , Niu Tingli , Li Jianying , Li Zhijiang , Dai Lingyan 
Published: July 2023

The quality and yields of Sorghum bicolor plants are seriously affected by saline-alkali conditions. NAC (NAM, ATAF, and CUC) transcription factors are plant specific and have various functions in plant development and response to various stresses. To investigate how GsNAC2 functions in sorghum responses to saline-alkali treatment, the characteristics of GsNAC2 were analysed by bioinformatics methods, and NaHCO3:Na2CO3 (5:1, 75 mM, pH 9.63) saline-alkali stress solution was applied when sorghum plants were 2 weeks old. The research results show that GsNAC2 belongs to the NAC gene family. GsNAC2 was significantly induced by saline-alkali treatment and strongly expressed in sorghum leaves. GsNAC2-overexpressing sorghum plants had increased plant height, dry weight, moisture content, root activity, leaf length, chlorophyll content, stomatal conductance, relative root activity, relative chlorophyll content, relative stomatal conductance, and relative transpiration rate after saline-alkali treatment. Lower H2O2 and O2− levels, relative permeability of the plasma membrane, and malondialdehyde (MDA) content were found in GsNAC2-overexpressing sorghum. In transcriptome analysis, clusters of orthologous groups (COG) analysis showed that a high proportion of differentially-expressed genes (DEGs) participated in defence mechanisms at each processing time, and 18 DEGs related to synthetic glutathione were obtained. Gene expression analysis revealed that key genes in glutathione biosynthesis pathways were upregulated. GR and GSH-Px activities were increased, and GSH accumulated more with the overexpression of GsNAC2 after saline-alkali treatment. Furthermore, these results suggest that GsNAC2 acts as a potentially important regulator in response to saline-alkali stress and may be used in molecular breeding to improve crop yields under adverse environmental conditions.
Mpox knowledge, vaccination and intention to reduce sexual risk practices among men who have sex with men and transgender people in response to the 2022 mpox outbreak: a cross-sectional study in Victoria, Australia
Authors: Chow Eric P. F. , Samra Ranjit S. , Bradshaw Catriona S. , Chen Marcus Y. , Williamson Deborah A. , Towns Janet M. , Maddaford Kate , Mercury Finn , Fairley Christopher K. 
Published: July 2023

Background The first mpox case was reported in May 2022 in Australia. Most cases have been diagnosed in men who have sex with men (MSM). This study aimed to examine community understanding of mpox, attitudes towards vaccination, and potential changes in sexual practices surrounding the mpox outbreak among MSM and transgender people in Victoria, Australia. Methods Participants were recruited from sexual health clinics and communities in Victoria, Australia, in August–October 2022. Participants were asked about their understanding and knowledge of mpox, vaccination uptake and intentions to change sexual practices. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression was performed to examine the factors associated with mpox vaccine uptake. Results Most participants (97.8%, 525/537) had heard about mpox and 10.5% (55/525) knew someone who had had mpox. Of the 12 mpox knowledge questions, the median score of correct answers was 10 (IQR = 8–11) out of a maximum of 12. More than a third (36.6%, 191/522) had been vaccinated against mpox. MSM who had a good knowledge of mpox had the highest odds of receiving mpox vaccine compared with those who had poor knowledge (aOR = 4.05; 95% CI: 1.54–10.61). To prevent mpox, half reported they would reduce having sex with casual partners, stop having chemsex (used drugs for the purpose of sex), stop attending sex-on-premises-venues, and stop having group sex. A quarter reported they would increase condom use for anal sex. Conclusions One-third of high-risk participants and a substantial proportion of participants intended to reduce or stop certain practices, which may explain the large reduction in mpox cases.
Helium bubble size effects on the surface morphological response of plasma-facing tungsten
Authors: Patel Omeet N , Dasgupta Dwaipayan , Wirth Brian D , Maroudas Dimitrios 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
We report a simulation study on the effects of helium (He) bubble size on the morphological evolution and pattern formation on the surface of tungsten used as a plasma-facing component (PFC) in nuclear fusion devices. We have carried out a systematic investigation based on self-consistent dynamical simulations of surface morphological evolution according to an atomistically-informed, 3D continuum-scale model that captures well the relevant length and time scales of surface nanostructure formation in PFC tungsten. The model accounts for PFC surface diffusion, driven by the biaxial compressive stress originating from the over-pressurized He bubbles in the near-surface region of PFC tungsten as a result of He plasma exposure, combined with the formation of self-interstitial atoms in tungsten that diffuse toward the PFC surface and the flux of surface adatoms generated as a result of surface vacancy-adatom pair formation upon He implantation; this transport of surface adatoms contributes to the anisotropic growth of surface nanostructural features due to the different rates of adatom diffusion along and across step edges of islands on the tungsten surface. Our detailed analysis reveals that varying the average He bubble size plays an important role in the PFC surface growth kinetics as well as the resulting surface topography. Specifically, we find that an increase in the He bubble size leads to a deceleration in the growth rate of the tungsten nanotendrils that emanate from the PFC surface. We also find that the separation distance between the resulting surface features increases with increasing He bubble size, as well as over time. This coarsening effect is a thermally activated process resulting in an accurate description of the temperature dependence of the average surface feature separation by an Arrhenius relation.
Dissecting T-cell heterogeneity in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma reveals the potential role of LAIR2 in antitumor immunity
Authors: Wang Ping , Zhuang Weitao , Zheng Zhuojun , Zhang Liyun , Zhang Xu , Chen Qingyun 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), one of the most commonly diagnosed and lethal malignant diseases, has a complex tumor ecosystem. An obvious requirement for T-cell-mediated tumor control is the infiltration of tumor-reactive T cells into the tumor. Here, we obtained detailed T-cell compositions in both ESCC tumors and matched peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) at single-cell resolution. We demonstrated that T cells in tumors and PBMCs had different compositions and functional states. ESCC tumors were rich in Treg and exhausted T cells but poor in cytotoxic and naïve T cells compared with PBMCs. The exhausted T cells showed higher exhausted signature in tumors than in PBMCs, while the cytotoxic T cells exhibited higher cytotoxic signature in PBMCs than in tumors. Our data indicated an immunosuppressive status and a defect at the level of T-cell priming in the tumor microenvironment. Leukocyte-associated Ig-like receptor-2 (LAIR2), a soluble collagen receptor that prevents the binding of human leukocyte-associated Ig-like receptor-1 (LAIR1) to collagens, was predominantly expressed in proliferating CD8+ T and Treg cells in tumors but in cytotoxic cells in PBMCs. LAIR2 could inhibit tumor metastasis, invasion, and collagen deposition via suppressing transforming growth factor-β signaling. These findings revealed differential T-cell populations in tumors and PBMCs and provided convincing evidence that LAIR2 acted as a tumor suppressor.
Upadacitinib Salvage Therapy for Infliximab-Experienced Patients with Acute Severe Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Gilmore Robert , Tan Wei Lian , Fernandes Richard , An Yoon-Kyo , Begun Jakob 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background and Aims
Acute severe ulcerative colitis [ASUC] is a medical emergency treated with intravenous steroids followed by infliximab or cyclosporin in the case of steroid failure with emergent colectomy required in refractory or severe cases. Case series have reported on the effectiveness of tofacitinib for refractory disease, but data regarding the effectiveness of upadacitinib in this setting have not been previously reported. We describe the use of upadacitinib therapy for steroid-refractory ASUC in patients with prior loss of response to infliximab.

Methods
Six patients who received upadacitinib for steroid-refractory ASUC were identified at two Australian tertiary inflammatory bowel disease centres. Patients were followed for up to 16 weeks after discharge with clinical, biochemical and intestinal ultrasound [IUS] outcomes.

Results
All six patients demonstrated clinical response to upadacitinib induction during their inpatient admission. Four patients achieved corticosteroid-free clinical remission by week 8, including complete resolution of rectal bleeding and transmural healing assessed by IUS, and sustained clinical remission at week 16. One patient proceeded to colectomy at week 15 due to refractory disease. No adverse events directly attributable to upadacitinib were identified.

Conclusions
Upadacitinib may have a role as a safe and effective salvage therapy for steroid-refractory ASUC in patients who have previously failed to respond to infliximab therapy. Prospective studies are required to determine the safety and efficacy of upadacitinib use in this setting before routine use can be recommended.
Declining Trends of Reoperations and Disease Behaviour Progression in Crohn’s Disease over Different Therapeutic Eras—A Prospective, Population-Based Study from Western Hungary between 1977–2020, Data from the Veszprem Cohort
Authors: Gonczi Lorant , Lakatos Laszlo , Golovics Petra A , Ilias Akos , Pandur Tunde , David Gyula , Erdelyi Zsuzsanna , Szita Istvan , Al Khoury Alex , Lakatos Peter L 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background and Aims
Few population-based studies have investigated long-term surgery rates for Crohn’s disease [CD]. Our aim was to analyse disease progression and surgery rates in a population-based cohort over different therapeutic eras, based on the time of diagnosis: cohort-A [1977–1995], cohort-B [1996–2008], and cohort-C [2009–2018].

Methods
A total of 946 incident CD patients were analysed (male/female: 496/450; median age at diagnosis: 28 years [y]; interquartile range [IQR]: 22–40]). Patient inclusion lasted between 1977 and 2018. Immunomodulators have become widespread in Hungary since the mid-1990s and biologic therapies since 2008. Patients were followed prospectively, with both in-hospital and outpatient records reviewed regularly.

Results
The probability of disease behaviour progression from inflammatory [B1] to stenosing or penetrating phenotype [B2/B3] significantly decreased (27.1 ± 5.3%/21.5 ± 2.5%/11.3 ± 2.2% in cohorts A/B/C, respectively, after 5 years; 44.3 ± 5.9%/30.6 ± 2.8%/16.1 ± 2.9% after 10 years, respectively; [pLogRank &lt;0.001]). The probability of first resective surgery between cohorts A/B/C were 33.3 ± 3.8%/26.5 ± 2.1%/28.1 ± 2.4%, respectively, after 5 years; 46.1 ± 4.1%/32.6 ± 2.2%/33.0 ± 2.7% after 10 years, respectively; and 59.1 ± 4.0%/41.4 ± 2.6% [cohorts A/B] after 20 years. There was a significant decrease in first resective surgery risk between cohorts A and B [plog rank = 0.002]; however, no further decrease between cohorts B and C [plog rank = 0.665]. The cumulative probability of re-resection in cohorts A/B/C was decreasing over time (17.3 ± 4.1%/12.6 ± 2.6%/4.7 ± 2.0%, respectively, after 5 years [plog rank = 0.001]).

Conclusion
We report a continuous decline in reoperation rates and disease behaviour progression in CD over time, with the lowest values in the biologic era. In contrast, there was no further decrease in the probability of first major resective surgery after the immunosuppressive era.
Using evolutionary principles to make clinical decisions: a case series of urinary tract infections
Authors: Blyth Michelle 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The principles of evolutionary medicine have significant potential to be useful in a wide variety of clinical situations. Despite this, few demonstrations of clinical applications exist. To address this paucity, a case series applying evolutionary medicine principles to urinary tract infections, a common medical condition is presented. This series demonstrates how applying evolutionary medicine principles can be used to augment clinical decision-making.
Denitrification in hypersaline and coastal environments
Authors: Torregrosa-Crespo Javier , Miralles-Robledillo Jose María , Bernabeu Eric , Pire Carmen , Martínez-Espinosa Rosa María 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
As the association of denitrification with global warming and nitrogen removal from ecosystems has gained attention in recent decades, numerous studies have examined denitrification rates and the distribution of denitrifiers across different environments. In this minireview, reported studies focused on coastal saline environments, including estuaries, mangroves, and hypersaline ecosystems, have been analysed to identify the relationship between denitrification and saline gradients. The analyses of the literature and databases stated the direct effect of salinity on the distribution patterns of denitrifiers. However, few works do not support this hypothesis thus making this topic controversial. The specific mechanisms by which salinity influences denitrifier distribution are not fully understood. Nevertheless, several physical and chemical environmental parameters, in addition to salinity, have been shown to play a role in structuring the denitrifying microbial communities. The prevalence of nirS or nirK denitrifiers in ecosystems is a subject of debate in this work. In general terms, in mesohaline environments, the predominant nitrite reductase is NirS type and, NirK is found predominantly in hypersaline environments. Moreover, the approaches used by different researchers are quite different, resulting in a huge amount of unrelated information, making it difficult to establish comparative analysis. The main techniques used to analyse the distribution of denitrifying populations along salt gradients have been also discussed.
Phenotypic Frailty Assessment in SAMP8 Mice: Sex Differences and Potential Role of miRNAs as Peripheral Biomarkers
Authors: Musazzi Laura , Carini Giulia , Barbieri Silvia S , Maggi Stefania , Veronese Nicola , Popoli Maurizio , Barbon Alessandro , Ieraci Alessandro 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Frailty is a geriatric syndrome characterized by age-related decline in physiological reserves and functions in multiple organ systems, including the musculoskeletal, neuroendocrine/metabolic, and immune systems. Animal models are essential to study the biological basis of aging and potential ways to delay the onset of age-related phenotypes. Unfortunately, validated animal models of frailty are still lacking in preclinical research. The senescence-accelerated prone-8 (SAMP8) mouse strain exhibits early cognitive loss that mimics the deterioration of learning and memory in the elderly and is widely used as a model of aging and neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we examined the frailty phenotype, which includes body weight, strength, endurance, activity, and slow walking speed, in male and female SAMP8 and senescence-accelerated mouse resistant (SAMR1) mice at 6- and 9-months of age. We found that the prevalence of frailty was higher in SAMP8 mice compared with SAMR1 mice, regardless of sex. The overall percentage of prefrail and frail mice was similar in male and female SAMP8 mice, although the percentage of frail mice was slightly higher in males than in females. In addition, we found sex- and frailty-specific changes in selected miRNAs blood levels. In particular, the levels of miR-34a-5p and miR-331-3p were higher in both prefrail and frail mice, whereas miR-26b-5p was increased only in frail mice compared with robust mice. Finally, levels of miR-331-3p were also increased in whole blood from a small group of frail patients. Overall, these results suggest that SAMP8 mice may be a useful mouse model for identifying potential biomarkers and studying biological mechanisms of frailty.