bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of extent of resection on outcome from glioblastoma using the RANO resect group classification system: a retrospective, population-based cohort study
Authors: Bjorland Line Sagerup , Mahesparan Rupavathana , Fluge Øystein , Gilje Bjørnar , Dæhli Kurz Kathinka , Farbu Elisabeth 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
Extent of resection (EOR) is associated with survival in glioblastoma. A standardized classification for EOR was lacking until a system was recently proposed by the response assessment in neuro-oncology (RANO) resect group. We aimed to assess EOR in an unselected glioblastoma cohort and use this classification system to evaluate the impact on survival in a real-world setting.

Methods
We retrospectively identified all patients with histologically confirmed glioblastoma in Western Norway between 1.1.2007 and 31.12.2014. Volumetric analyses were performed using a semi-automated method. EOR was categorized according to the recent classification system. Kaplan–Meier method and Cox proportional hazard ratios were applied for survival analyses.

Results
Among 235 included patients, biopsy (EOR class 4) was performed in 50 patients (21.3%), submaximal contrast enhancement (CE) resection (EOR class 3) in 66 patients (28.1%), and maximal CE resection (EOR class 2) in 119 patients (50.6%). Median survival was 6.2 months, 9.2 months, and 14.9 months, respectively. Within EOR class 2, 80 patients underwent complete CE resection (EOR class 2A) and had a median survival of 20.0 months, while 39 patients had a near-total CE resection, with ≤1 cm3 CE residual volume (EOR class 2B), and a median survival of 11.1 months, P &lt; 0.001. The 2-year survival rate in EOR class 2A was 40.0%, compared to 7.7% in EOR class 2B.

Conclusions
RANO resect group classification for the extent of resection reflected outcome from glioblastoma in a real-world setting. There was significantly superior survival after complete CE resection compared to near-total resection.
Jews in Amsterdam
Authors: Austin Kenneth 
Published: September 2023

Having been expelled from the Netherlands in the Middle Ages, Jews only began to re-establish themselves there at the end of the sixteenth century. Amsterdam soon emerged as not merely the leading Dutch settlement, but the most important Jewish congregation of the Western diaspora, frequently described as a “New Jerusalem.” At first, those who settled there were Marranos or “New Christians,” Jews who had converted to Christianity, often for their own protection, especially in Spain and Portugal. The political and religious divisions of the Dutch Revolt (c. 1566–1648), and the formation of the United Provinces of the Netherlands in 1579, independent from Spanish rule, created a more fluid and tolerant environment for those of different religious outlooks. A small number of Sephardic conversos started to arrive in Amsterdam from 1593, and at first they were obliged, at least officially, to continue to deport themselves as Christians. But their mercantile expertise, extensive networks, and disinclination to cause trouble for the governing authorities all contributed to a growing acceptance of these emigrants. Jewish worship initially took place in private, but in 1612 the community was permitted to repurpose a private house as a synagogue, a first indication of more formal acceptance of their presence as Jews. Especially given their origins, the members of the Sephardic community had to devote considerable energies to reacquainting themselves with the nature and expectations of their Jewish faith, and on instilling orthodoxy within a community which had by necessity worshipped separately and with various compromises in place. In due course, Ashkenazic Jews also started to descend on Amsterdam, particularly in the wake of the Thirty Years’ War (1618–1648), which ravaged much of Europe, and the Chmielnicki Uprising in Poland (1648–1657). These Jews were typically much poorer than their Sephardic brethren and were only permitted to enter the city on the understanding that they would be supported by their Portuguese predecessors. In fact, over time Ashkenazim came to outnumber their Sephardic counterparts: by the late seventeenth century, there may have been 2,500–3,000 Sephardic Jews, and 5,000 or more Ashkenazic Jews. Nonetheless, the existing scholarship has focused much more heavily on the Sephardim than the Ashkenazim. The Sephardic congregation in particular was home to many influential rabbis and a vibrant religious and cultural life, reflected, for instance, in their impressive synagogue, and in the many books—in Portuguese, Spanish, and Hebrew—which issued from its presses.
Navigating missions: experiences from a long-term R&I programme to transform the building sector in Austria
Authors: Rohracher Harald , Ornetzeder Michael 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Mission-oriented innovation policies are increasingly recognized as an effective strategy for initiating and guiding far-reaching transition processes towards sustainability. In this article, we examine a successful early example of a national mission-oriented research and innovation (R&I) programme (Building of Tomorrow) that has had a significant impact on the building sector in Austria. The objective is to identify the factors and dynamics that contributed to the programme’s success and helped maintain its momentum over a period of more than 20 years. By successively integrating different groups of researchers and practitioners, organizing programme development as an adaptive process of co-production, and regularly ‘reinventing itself’ by shifting focus and guiding ideas, the programme sustained its mission momentum. Several insights from this case study can provide valuable guidance for organizing mission-oriented programmes, particularly by avoiding an exclusive emphasis on ‘mission orientation by design’ at the expense of processes of sense-making, emergence, and reinvention.
Dexamethasone-induced mitochondrial ROS-mediated inhibition of AMPK activity facilitates osteoblast necroptosis
Authors: Shen Yingchao , Jiang Bo , Lu Wei , Luo Bin , Zhou Yuan , Qian Guiying 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Long-term or high-dose glucocorticoid use can lead to serious orthopedic complications, including femoral head necrosis. Both basic and clinical studies have shown that high doses dexamethasone (Dex) can directly induce osteoblasts death. This study investigated the mechanism underlying Dex induced osteoblast death. In this study, we showed that Dex induces osteoblast necroptosis, rather than apoptosis, through the inhibition of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity. We also demonstrated that inactivation of AMPK-mediated necroptosis is through receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (RIP3), but not RIP1. Furthermore, we found that Dex-induced necroptosis is dependent on mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) following with directly activation of RIP1 and inactivation of AMPK. These findings provide new insights into the mechanism of Dex-induced osteoblast death and may have implications for the development of new therapies for osteoporosis and other bone-related diseases.
Snakebites epidemiology in Mexico: a 13-year ecological analysis
Authors: Méndez-Molina Ricardo , Villela-Oriza Ailed Karola , Espinosa-Couoh Andrea Ariadne , Huchim-Lara Oswaldo 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT

Background
Globally, snakebites have a significant impact on public health and represent substantial costs for health services. Their severity is particularly relevant in developing countries due to the lack of resources and accessibility to health facilities. Additionally, the number of cases may be underestimated, highlighting the urgent need for improved prevention measures.

Methods
An observational ecological study was undertaken using the records identified with X200–X209 codes registered in the Ministry of Health injuries database during 2010–2022. Variables included information related to the patient, the snakebite and the healthcare provided. Statistical analysis was carried out with STATA 16 and Microsoft Excel 2020.

Results
A total of 10 420 snakebites were registered. The average number of cases per year was 788 (IQR 615, 875) and 82.74% occurred during the rainy season. The median age was 35 (IQR 19, 52) y and early adulthood was the most affected age group; bites were most common on the hand and in the living place. The Eastern region of Mexico registered the highest number of cases, with 3496 (33.71%) of snakebites. The lethality rate was 18.23 per 10 000.

Conclusions
Snakebites are a significant health problem in Mexico. Most injuries occur among men in early adulthood, in households and in the upper extremities.
Integrative taxonomy using historical specimens provides evidence for a single species of bushbuck, Tragelaphus scriptus (Mammalia: Bovidae)
Authors: Baird C Nicolas , Ernst Mario , Waurick Isabelle , Blom Mozes P K , Bibi Faysal 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The bushbuck (Tragelaphus scriptus) is an antelope widely distributed throughout sub-Saharan Africa that varies greatly in body size, horn length and coat patterning. Recent taxonomic work has suggested reclassification as two or more species. Molecular studies have shown a deep mitochondrial divergence between north-western (scriptus) and south-eastern (sylvaticus) bushbuck populations, and morphological assessments, based largely on coat patterning, have divided the bushbuck into as many as eight species and 32 subspecies. Molecular and morphological approaches have, to date, not been brought together in a single integrative study. Using 43 museum cranial specimens, we sequenced complete mitochondrial genomes and used three-dimensional geometric morphometrics to compare genetic and phenotypic divergence between the two main subclades of the T. scriptus species complex. We found a significant but weak relationship between phenotypic and genetic distances. Mean body size differed between males of each subclade, but morphological differences attributable to sexual dimorphism within subclades were greater than differences between subclades. Despite a mitochondrial divergence of nearly 3 Myr, cranial morphological differences between subclades were minor and could be accounted for largely by minor size differences between males (size–shape allometry). These results support the recognition of a single bushbuck species, as indicated by nuclear genetic data.
Gathering Trainee Feedback to Improve Programs With Low Annual ACGME Survey Content Area Compliance: A Pilot Study
Authors: Hoffert Mara M. , Pfeiffer Leslie , Hepke Molly , Brink Wendy , Newman Jennifer , Passalacqua Karla D. , Baker-Genaw Kimberly 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Problem
Systematically investigating annual Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) Resident/Fellow Survey results by directly gathering trainee feedback could uncover training program problems and clarify misunderstandings as they arise, leading to faster corrective actions and program improvement.

Approach
The Focus Group Forum (FGF) was created based on the utilization-focused evaluation approach to systematically gather comprehensive, high-quality, actionable trainee feedback on specific annual ACGME survey results and involve trainees in program improvement (Henry Ford Hospital, 2021). Trainees from programs with survey results indicating <80% compliance within several content areas were invited to attend FGF sessions. During FGF sessions, neutral moderators experienced in conducting focus groups and creating psychologically safe spaces and neutral scribes gathered trainee feedback on survey results through structured, iterative discussions and an anonymous electronic polling system. Summaries of FGF findings were created, combined with actual annual ACGME survey data, and used to develop recommended corrective actions and monitoring plans.

Outcomes
In 2021, 6 training programs had survey results below the institution’s compliance threshold for 4–8 of the 9 content areas. Of the 180 trainees (from the 6 programs) invited to attend an FGF session, 79 (44%) participated. Five key issues were identified: misinterpretation of several survey questions, lack of knowledge of institutional policies and procedures, perceived inability to share feedback with faculty, feelings of being overwhelmed with administrative duties, and lack of sufficient protected time for educational activities and requirements.

Next Steps
The authors are developing an FGF process for faculty so that all stakeholders have a voice regarding annual ACGME survey results. They are also improving scheduling processes so that feedback from experienced trainees who are leaving the institution will not be missed and developing longer-term processes for tracking outcomes since time for implementing corrective actions before the next ACGME survey is limited.
The BioPro Thumb Carpometacarpal Hemiarthroplasty: Case Series and Surgical Technique
Authors: Chung Julia , Albino-Hakim Salma , Samuels Kate , Bodansky David , Badia Alejandro 
Published: September 2023

Thumb carpometacarpal (CMC) osteoarthritis is painful and debilitating. Here, we explore outcomes of a modular, press-fit thumb CMC hemiarthroplasty prosthesis (BioPro). This surgical option permits minimal bone resection, sparing the trapezium, hence allowing revision options if necessary. A retrospective review of all cases of the modular thumb CMC implants performed at one community US center between 2018 and 2021 were included and invited for email or telephone review. Electronic records were examined for demographics, patient outcomes, and morbidity. Eleven patients underwent 11 thumb CMC joint hemiarthroplasties, mean age was 64.8 years (SD: 7.68 y), with 6 females. Six received surgery on their dominant extremity. Two were manual workers (both in the medical field), 6 office-based, 2 retired, and 1 homemaker. The preoperative median pain score (Visual Analog Score) was 8/10 (range: 5 to 10), reducing to 1/10 (range: 1 to 10) (P=0.000033) with a median follow-up of 23 months (range: 13 to 39 mo). In all, 8/11 patients reported they would recommend this surgery to friends and family and opt for the same surgery on their contralateral hand if necessary. One patient reported persistent pain a year postoperatively. On review, the head of the implant was placed too deep into the trapezium. Another center found that this patient had a postoperative trapezium fracture and underwent revision with implant removal and conversion to a suspension arthroplasty. At 12 months, 10/11 thumb CMC hemiarthroplasty showed good pain relief, function, and patient satisfaction. The BioPro has a low risk of subluxation and allows salvage options to remain available should failure occur.
Telemedicine Critical Care-Mediated Mortality Reductions in Lower-Performing Patient Diagnosis Groups: A Prospective, Before and After Study
Authors: Boyle Walter A. , Palmer Christopher M. , Konzen Lisa , Fritz Bradley A. , White Jason , Simkins Michelle , Dieffenderfer Brian , Iqbal Ayesha , Bertrand Jill , Meyer Shelley , Kerby Paul , Buckman Sara , Despotovic Vladimir , Kozlowski Jim , Crimmins Reda Patricia , Zwir Igor , Gu C. Charles , Ofoma Uchenna R. 
Published: September 2023

OBJECTIVES:
Studies evaluating telemedicine critical care (TCC) have shown mixed results. We prospectively evaluated the impact of TCC implementation on risk-adjusted mortality among patients stratified by pre-TCC performance.

DESIGN:
Prospective, observational, before and after study.

SETTING:
Three adult ICUs at an academic medical center.

PATIENTS:
A total of 2,429 patients in the pre-TCC (January to June 2016) and 12,479 patients in the post-TCC (January 2017 to June 2019) periods.

INTERVENTIONS:
TCC implementation which included an acuity-driven workflow targeting an identified “lower-performing” patient group, defined by ICU admission in an Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation diagnoses category with a pre-TCC standardized mortality ratio (SMR) of greater than 1.5.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:
The primary outcome was risk-adjusted hospital mortality. Risk-adjusted hospital length of stay (HLOS) was also studied. The SMR for the overall ICU population was 0.83 pre-TCC and 0.75 post-TCC, with risk-adjusted mortalities of 10.7% and 9.5% (p = 0.09). In the identified lower-performing patient group, which accounted for 12.6% (n = 307) of pre-TCC and 13.3% (n = 1671) of post-TCC ICU patients, SMR decreased from 1.61 (95% CI, 1.21–2.01) pre-TCC to 1.03 (95% CI, 0.91–1.15) post-TCC, and risk-adjusted mortality decreased from 26.4% to 16.9% (p < 0.001). In the remaining (“higher-performing”) patient group, there was no change in pre- versus post-TCC SMR (0.70 [0.59–0.81] vs 0.69 [0.64–0.73]) or risk-adjusted mortality (8.5% vs 8.4%, p = 0.86). There were no pre- to post-TCC differences in standardized HLOS ratio or risk-adjusted HLOS in the overall cohort or either performance group.

CONCLUSIONS:
In well-staffed and overall higher-performing ICUs in an academic medical center, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation granularity allowed identification of a historically lower-performing patient group that experienced a striking TCC-associated reduction in SMR and risk-adjusted mortality. This study provides additional evidence for the relationship between pre-TCC performance and post-TCC improvement.
Efficacy of a Cationic Emulsion of Cyclosporine in Moderate Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis
Authors: Caputo Roberto , Di Grande Laura , de Libero Cinzia , Marziali Elisa , Mori Francesca , Masini Marzio 
Published: September 2023

Purpose:
The aim of this study was to demonstrate the efficacy of cyclosporine A 0.1% cationic emulsion (CsA CE) eye drops 4 times a day in pediatric patients affected by a moderate form of vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC).

Methods:
This was a prospective study of pediatric patients, aged 5–16 years, with an active moderate form of VKC who were poor responders to topical antihistamines treatment and were treated 4 times a day with CsA CE. The clinical signs were graded for analysis as follows: hyperemia, tarsal papillae, and limbal papillae.

Results:
Twenty-eight patients (22 males and 6 females) with a minimum follow-up period of 3 months were included in the analysis. Statistical analysis excluded tarsal papillae because of the very low baseline value. The clinical score of hyperemia and limbal papillae improved from the first evaluation and was maintained over the follow-up. No side effects were noted.

Conclusion:
CsA CE has been proposed as a treatment for severe forms of VKC. This study has shown that administration 4 times a day is also effective in the treatment of moderate forms of VKC in children.
Size and Shape Matter: Cell Viability of Preloaded Descemet Stripping Automated Endothelial Keratoplasty Grafts in Three Different Carriers
Authors: Straiko Megan M. W. , Sawant Onkar B. , Hubbs Rebecca , Dye Philip K. , Tsering Dolkar , Hicks Nicholas , Odell Kelly , Ellison Mark S. , Titus Michael S. , Straiko Michael D. , Tran Khoa D. 
Published: September 2023

Purpose:
The aim of this study was to examine endothelial cell loss (ECL) associated with preloaded Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK) grafts loaded into 3 carriers of different size and shape.

Methods:
Thirty-six donor corneas were prepared for DSAEK and loaded into an EndoGlide Ultrathin (control) (2.0 mm × 3.5 mm lumen, 4.5 mm/4.9 mm incision for scleral tunnel/clear corneal insertion), Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty EndoGlide (experimental) (1.1 mm × 1.7 mm lumen, 2.65 mm incision), or round glass Jones tube (experimental) (1.8 mm lumen, 3.0 mm incision). Control grafts were stored for 6 days in Optisol-GS and experimental grafts stored for 24 hours in Life4C before analysis using Calcein AM staining. Grafts were imaged and ECL was analyzed by FIJI segmentation. The statistical significance of ECL was determined using 1-way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc analysis.

Results:
There were no significant differences in donor characteristics for grafts in each cohort. ECL for grafts loaded into the EndoGlide Ultrathin was 10.3% ± 2.3% (graft thickness: 60–189 μm, n = 9). ECL for grafts loaded into the Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty EndoGlide was 22.2% ± 7.1% (graft thickness: 38–63 μm, n = 9). ECL for thin grafts (34–60 μm, n = 9) loaded into the Jones tube was 24.0% ± 5.0%. ECL for thick grafts (92–119 μm, n = 9) loaded into the Jones tube was 34.2% ± 6.1% ECL (P < 0.001). Combined regression analysis revealed that graft thickness is directly correlated to ECL (P < 0.01).

Conclusions:
The size and shape of the carrier can influence the cell viability of preloaded DSAEK grafts. Compared with a larger carrier, smaller lumen carriers are associated with greater ECL. In smaller lumen carriers, ECL increases with increasing DSAEK graft thickness.
Association Between Alcohol Consumption Patterns and Glaucoma in Japan
Authors: Sano Kei , Terauchi Ryo , Fukai Kota , Furuya Yuko , Nakazawa Shoko , Kojimahara Noriko , Hoshi Keika , Nakano Tadashi , Toyota Akihiro , Tatemichi Masayuki 
Published: September 2023

Précis:
In this case-control study of the Japanese population, including 3207 glaucoma cases, alcohol consumption patterns such as frequency and quantity showed a positive association with glaucoma prevalence.

Purpose:
To examine the association between alcohol consumption patterns and glaucoma.

Subjects and Methods:
This case-control study evaluated 3207 cases with glaucoma and 3207 matched controls. Patients over 40 years of age were included from 1,693,611 patients admitted to 34 hospitals in Japan. Detailed alcohol consumption patterns (drinking frequency, average daily drinks, and total lifetime drinks) were obtained, as well as various confounding factors, including smoking history and lifestyle-related comorbidities. Conditional logistic regression models were used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs for glaucoma prevalence.

Results:
Drinking frequency showed an association with glaucoma for “a few days/week” (OR, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.03–1.38) and “almost every day/week” (OR, 1.40; 95% CI, 1.18–1.66). Average daily drinks showed an association for “>0–2 drinks/day” (OR, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.03–1.32). Total lifetime drinks showed an association for “>60–90 drink-year” (OR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.01–1.49) and “>90 drink-year” (OR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.05–1.44). As alcohol consumption levels differed considerably between men and women, additional analyses were conducted separately for men and women. Among men, drinking frequency of “a few days/week” and “almost every day/week,” average daily drinks of “>0–2 drinks/day” and “>2–4 drinks/day,” and total lifetime drinks of “>60–90 drink-year” and “>90 drink-year” had an association with glaucoma. Conversely, among women, neither drinking frequency, average daily drinks, nor total lifetime drinks were associated.

Conclusions:
Both the frequency and quantity of alcohol consumption were associated with glaucoma. Further research on gender differences is warranted.