bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Water Mediated Green Method Synthesis of Bioactive Heterocyclic
Reported Between 2012-2021 Accelerated by Microwave Irradiation: A
Decennary Update
Authors: Kamanna Kantharaju , Amaregouda Yamanappagouda 
Published: June 2023

Abstract:
The diverse field of chemistry demands various greener pathways in our quest to maintain sustainability. The utilization of energy inputs (mechanochemistry, ultrasound, or microwave irradiation), photochemistry, and greener reaction media being applied to organic synthesis are the key trends in the greener and sustainable process development in the current synthetic chemistry. These strategic methods aim to address the majority of the green chemistry principles, developing functional chemicals with less amount of waste production. In the synthesis of biologically potential heterocyclic molecules, green chemistry is a topic of great interest. It encompasses all branches of chemistry and is found in the notion of conducting chemical reactions while also conserving the environment through pollution-free chemical synthesis. Water as a solvent media is an excellent choice of solvent in organic synthesis development in the present day, as it is highly abundant, nontoxic, and non-combustible. Medicinal chemists have recently focused their attention on environmentally friendly procedures that use greener solvent media. Using water as a solvent, several studies on the process of optimization and selectivity have been reported, and the combination with microwave irradiation has emerged as a green chemistry protocol to produce high atom economy and yields. In this review, we have compiled microwave-assisted organic synthesis in aqueous media, including examples of the most cutting-edge methodologies employed for the heterocyclic scaffolds used in medicinal chemistry. It covers the most valuable advanced synthetics taking place in the area of heterocyclic molecule synthesis, between the decennary period of 2012 to 2021. The reported work discusses both synthetic and pharmacological applications.
Interactive Learning Media Development Based on Android Assisted by Google Sites on Building Static Calculation Element in 2nd Depok National Vocational High School
Authors: Rarasati Niken , Ismail Affero Bin 
Published: June 2023

Background: This study aims to develop interactive learning media based on android assisted by Google Sites on building static calculation element class X SMK N 2 Depok and to determine the feasibility of the media in terms of material and media aspects.Methods: The research is Research and Development (RD) method using waterfall model development. The stage of waterfall model are analysis, design, coding, testing, and maintenance. Data is collected using interviews, questionnaires, and device usage. Feasibility data analysis using category range analysis.Results: The results of this research according to the stages (1) the analysis stage reveals problems with learning methods and models that are not yet sufficient for students to learn according to the independent learning curriculum. The software used is Adobe Illustrator and assisted by Google Sites with an android smartphone v4.1 has a minimum of 1GB of RAM and 1GB of free memory. (2) The design stage uses UML planning and storyboards. UML diagrams include use case, activity, class, and sequence. (3) The coding stage is assisted by Google Sites using Markup Language HTML and Website Appsgeyser. (4) The testing phase is carried out on material and media aspects according to ISO 25010. (5) The maintenance stage involves improving the appearance and explanation of the questions.Conclusion: Based on the test results it is concluded that the media developed is feasible to use.
Experiences of Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Using the Apple Watch Series 6 Versus the Traditional Finger Pulse Oximeter for Home SpO2 Self-Monitoring: Qualitative Study Part 2
Authors: Liu Yuxin , Arnaert Antonia , da Costa Daniel , Sumbly Pia , Debe Zoumanan , Charbonneau Sylvain 
Published: June 2023

Background
Amid the rise in mobile health, the Apple Watch now has the capability to measure peripheral blood oxygen saturation (SpO2). Although the company indicated that the Watch is not a medical device, evidence suggests that SpO2 measurements among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are accurate in controlled settings. Yet, to our knowledge, the SpO2 function has not been validated for patients with COPD in naturalistic settings.

Objective
This qualitative study explored the experiences of patients with COPD using the Apple Watch Series 6 versus a traditional finger pulse oximeter for home SpO2 self-monitoring.

Methods
We conducted individual semistructured interviews with 8 female and 2 male participants with moderate to severe COPD, and transcripts were qualitatively analyzed. All received a watch to monitor their SpO2 for 5 months.

Results
Due to respiratory distress, the watch was unable to collect reliable SpO2 measurements, as it requires the patient to remain in a stable position. However, despite the physical limitations and lack of reliable SpO2 values, participants expressed a preference toward the watch. Moreover, participants’ health needs and their unique accessibility experiences influenced which device was more appropriate for self-monitoring purposes. Overall, all shared the perceived importance of prioritizing their physical COPD symptoms over device selection to manage their disease.

Conclusions
Differing results between participant preferences and smartwatch limitations warrant further investigation into the reliability and accuracy of the SpO2 function of the watch and the balance among self-management, medical judgment, and dependence on self-monitoring technology.
A Survey of Internet Performance During COVID-19
Authors: Dittmann Lars 
Published: June 2023

Background
Since the beginning of 2020, many societal systems have been used to extend the health care system, which were not planned for, and as such, there is concern for its collapse. Clearly, the collapse of the health care system, primarily hospitals, has been a key concern, and many initiatives, including lockdown and curfew, were taken to avoid such a collapse. The internet was the key platform used to enable people to work from home, provide remote teaching, conduct meetings on the web, etc. However, when it comes to data communication and processing, the risk of collapse is not the only risk, and maybe not even the biggest one. Many systems were not properly adapted for used in such a hurry, which did not allow time (and concern) for a proper risk and privacy assessment.

Objective
This paper presents internet performance statistics and analyzes how this knowledge can be used in future designs of internet-based telemedical solutions.

Methods
Statistics regarding traffic increases and security attacks on the internet during 2020 and 2021 were analyzed.

Results
The internet did not collapse during the COVID pandemic—as many people had predicted. However, the massive use of the internet, in new innovative ways, created a number of new opportunities for cybersecurity breach. Especially, the use videoconferences enabled made-in-middle attacks, phishing, and other classical breaches in new ways due to insufficient authentication and content encryption.

Conclusions
Even though a large amount of experience has been gathered with respect to scaling eHealth systems, a minimum amount of improvement with respect to privacy and security has been identified.

Conflicts of Interest
None declared.
Pengaruh Ekstrak Kafein sebagai Inhibitor Laju Korosi dan Efisiensi Inhibisi pada Baja dalam Larutan Asam Sulfat dan Biosolar
Authors: Maryanty Yanty , Ifvournamasari Adinda Dwi , Widjajanti Kristina , Wulan Dyah Ratna , Azkiya Noor Isnaini 
Published: June 2023

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang pengujian ekstrak kafein dari kopi arabika, coklat, dan daun teh hitam sebagai inhibitor laju korosi pada baja dalam lingkungan yang mengandung asam dan dalam biosolar yang mengandung asam. Penyimpanan biosolar B30 dalam tangki dalam waktu lama mengakibatkan penurunan pH, pembakaran tidak sempurna, dan korosi pada tangki penyimpanan yang diduga disebabkan oleh komposisi konsorsium bakteri. Pada penelitian sebelumnya hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa genus yang dominan merupakan bakteri penghasil asam yang diduga menjadi penyebab penurunan kadar pH biosolar B30 selama masa penyimpanan. Berdasarkan Analisa metagenomik pada biosolar B30 ditemukan genus Eubacteria merupakan bakteri penyebab korosi pada kondisi anaerob. Sehingga pada penelitian dibuat kondisi keasaaman yang dihasilkan oleh mikroorganisme dengan penambahan H2SO4 12%. Ekstrak kafein diperoleh dari proses maserasi dengan variabel perbandingan pelarut etanol 70% : bahan organik yaitu 1 : 2 dan 1 : 3. Uji ekstrak kafein dilakukan dengan metode HPLC pada laju effluent 0,8 mL/min. Sedangkan uji efisiensi inhibisi korosi pada baja diamati pada kurun waktu perendaman 0, 1, 4, 7 dan 10 hari. Baja yang digunakan sebelumnya telah dikorosikan dengan H2SO4 12%. Hasil inhibitor terbaik pada baja yang direndam H2SO4 12% didapatkan inhibitor terbaik yaitu kopi 2100,793 ppm dengan laju korosi sebesar 84,7x10-4 g/cm2 hari pada hari ke-1 menjadi 75,5x10-4 g/cm2 hari pada hari ke-10 dengan efisiensi inhibisi sebesar 80%. Sedangkan pada baja yang direndam biosolaryang mengandung H2SO4 12% didapatkan inhibitor terbaik yaitu kopi 2.100,793 ppm dengan laju korosi sebesar 0,3x10-4 g/cm2 hari pada hari ke-1 menjadi 0,2x10-4 g/cm2 hari pada hari ke-10 dengan efisiensi inhibisi sebesar 100%. Semakin lama waktu perendaman baja dalam media H2SO4 maupunbiosolar yang mengandung H2SO4 12% dengan penambahan inhibitor organik maka nilai laju korosi semakin rendah karena inhibitor membentuk lapisan yang melindungi baja.
Pengaruh Kondisi Operasi Proses Pemekatan Litium Dari Geothermal Brine Sintetis Dengan Metode Direct Contact Membrane Distillation (DCMD)
Authors: Bagus Galih Utomo Dimas , Sutresno Hadi Sujoto Vincent , Astuti Widi , Rofieq Mufakhir Fika , Pangihutan Christian Tampubolon Aron , Syamsumin Syamsumin , Putera Utama Andhika , Tri Bayu Murti Petrus Himawan , Fahrurozi Mohammad , Sutijan Sutijan 
Published: June 2023

Penggunaan lithium dalam pembuatan baterai meningkat secara signifikan dalam beberapa tahun terakhir. Karena peningkatan kebutuhan lithium, maka diperlukan sumber litium yang dapat di eksploitasi. Target dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memekatkan konsentrasi dari litium sebelum dilakukan proses pemisahan lainnya. Perangkat DCMD ini menggunakan perbedaan tekanan uap dikedua sisi membran sebagai driving force. Larutan umpan divariasikan pada berbagai suhu dan laju alir sedangkan suhu sisi permeat dipertahankan pada 25 °C. Suhu umpan divariasikan pada 60, 50, dan 40 °C dan laju alir umpan pada 420, 260, dan 180 ml/menit. Untuk mengurangi penyumbatan pada membran, digunakan geothermal brine sintetis. Penelitian yang telah dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa suhu operasi dan laju alir memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan pada proses pengkonsentrasian lithium dari geothermal brine sintetis. Kenaikan suhu operasi dan laju alir umpan pada sistem DCMD menunjukkan adanya kenaikan konsentrasi lithium pada retentate dan fluks permeat yang dihasilkan. Hasil optimum diperoleh pada suhu 60 °C. dengan laju alir 420 ml/menit. Perolehan rerata fluks tertinggi dicapai pada 60 °C sebesar 7,3 LMH, di ikuti suhu 50 dan 40 °C sebesar 5,3 dan 2,7 LMH. Selain fluks diperoleh juga nilai Liquid enter pressure (LEP) 7,3 bar yang menunjukkan kekuatan membran dalam menahan tekanan uap, sehingga tidak terjadi wetting selama proses.
Moralitas Imanuel Kant dalam Kasus Body Shaming di Media Sosial
Authors: Mawarnis Mawarnis 
Published: June 2023

Advanced technological developments have brought significant changes to the systems of thinking and life of society. This creates an unhealthy perception of comparison in social media and real life, resulting in body shaming against those who do not meet those criteria, especially among UIN Ar-Raniry students. Body shaming is generally experienced by women, as they are often the object of judgment based on physical appearance. This criterion of beauty is considered knowledge acquired through experience, which forces women to meet such criteria. This is clearly contrary to the human rights principle that every individual has the same value, regardless of physical appearance. This study uses qualitative and descriptive methods. The results show that body shaming is a crime that is invisible but has a real impact on the lives of the victims, such as the emergence of introverted feelings, self-insecurity, overthinking, and high levels of stress. Therefore, body shaming is an unjustifiable act from a social, shariah, and moral point of view.Perkembangan teknologi yang maju telah membawa perubahan signifikan dalam sistem berpikir dan kehidupan masyarakat. Hal ini menciptakan persepsi perbandingan yang tidak sehat dalam media sosial dan kehidupan nyata, yang mengakibatkan perlakuan Body shaming terhadap mereka yang tidak memenuhi kriteria tersebut, terutama di kalangan mahasiswi UIN Ar-Raniry. Body shaming umumnya dialami oleh perempuan, karena mereka sering kali dijadikan objek penilaian berdasarkan penampilan fisik. Kriteria kecantikan ini dianggap sebagai pengetahuan yang diperoleh melalui pengalaman, yang memaksa perempuan untuk memenuhi kriteria tersebut. Hal ini jelas bertentangan dengan prinsip HAM bahwa setiap individu memiliki nilai yang sama, terlepas dari penampilan fisik. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Body shaming adalah kejahatan yang tidak terlihat namun memiliki dampak nyata dalam kehidupan korban, seperti timbulnya perasaan introvert, ketidakamanan diri, berlebihan berpikir, dan tingkat stres yang tinggi. Oleh karena itu Body shaming adalah tindakan yang tidak dapat dibenarkan dari segi sosial, syariah, dan moral.
Evaluasi Program Inseminasi Buatan pada Sapi Donggala di Kecamatan Sindue Tombusabora Kabupaten Donggala
Authors: Hiola Mirnawati M. , Malewa Amiruddin Dg. , Mangun Mardiah 
Published: June 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan program inseminasi buatan (IB) pada sapi donggala di Kecamatan Sindue Tombusabora Kabupaten Donggala. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada tanggal 05 Januari - 05 Februari 2022 di Kecamatan Sindue Tombusabora Kabupaten Donggala. Materi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu sapi donggala akseptor IB sebanyak 80 ekor pada Tahun 2019 dan 102 ekor Tahun 2020. Penentuan lokasi menggunakan purposive sampling dan responden ditentukan secara accidental sampling. Pengambilan data menggunakan metode sensus terhadap peternak sapi donggala di Kecamatan Sindue Tombusabora Kabupaten Donggala yang mengikuti program IB. Variabel yang diamati Service Per Conception (S/C), Conception Rate (CR), dan calving Rate (CvR). Hasil penelitian terhadap evaluasi program Inseminasi Buatan pada sapi donggala di Kecamatan Sindue Tombusabora Kabupaten Donggala pada Tahun 2019 dan 2020 diperoleh nilai Service Per Conception (S/C) sebesar 1,47 dan 1,46; Conception Rate (CR) sebesar 61,25% dan 61,76% dan Calving Rate (CvR) sebesar 57,5% dan 59,8%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pelaksanaan program IB pada sapi donggala di Kecamatan Sindue Tombusabora Kabupaten Donggala sudah baik.
ARISU’S PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT ACROSS THE DEATH GAMES IN 'ALICE IN BORDERLAND'
Authors: Rista Fathika Anggrela  , Faya Fadella Jasmine Budiman  , Salsabila Dwi Febriyanti  
Published: June 2023

This study aimed to find the personality development of the main character in Alice in Borderland TV series, Ryohei Arisu. This research objective can further be detailed into explaining Arisu’s experiences that affect his personality, analyzing Arisu’s specific goals which lead his personality to develop, explaining how Arisu’s personality develops from the beginning until the end of the series, and showing how Arisu's personality development changes after he is transported to the Borderland. Hurlock’s (1974) Theory of Personality Development was used to find out how and why Arisu's personality develops and changes. According to the theory, there are several conditions that are responsible for a personality change, e.g.: changes in the environment, changes in social pressure, and changes in self-concept. The result of the analysis shows that Arisu's selfish, lazy, unconfident, and physically weak personality develops into confident, witty, reflexive, and incredibly responsive characters. Aside from that, Arisu also has a new sense of determination by which he wants to live his life to the fullest and carries on his friends.
Kelarutan Zat Warna Organik dalam Gelasi Mikroemulsi Water In Oil dari Sistem Air, Surfaktan Nonionik (Brij 35) dan Pentanol
Authors: Asih Hanny Sri , Putra Ananda 
Published: June 2023

Research on solubility from organic pigments of turmeric (Curcuma longa Linn) and telang flower (Clitoria ternatea L.) in water-in-oil microemulsion gelation on system of water, nonionic surfactant (Brij 35) and pentanol has been studied. The purpose of this research was the preparation of water-in-oil microemulsion gelation, determines solubility, density, and bias index of organic pigments in water-in-oil microemulsion gelation on system of water, nonionic surfactant (Brij 35) and pentanol. The method used is the sol-gel method. The solubility in water-in-oil microemulsion gelation of turmeric is 2,41832% (pH 4,5) and 2,61402% (pH 9,5) and telang flower is 1,21274% (pH 4,5) and 1,6136% (pH 9,5). The bias index of turmeric is 1,4024 (pH 4.5) and 1,4034 (pH 9,5) and telang flower is 1,4004 (pH air 4,5) and 1,4014 (pH 9,5).The density of turmeric is 0,88778g/cm3 (pH 4,5) and 0,88912g/cm3 (pH 9,5) and telang flower is 0,8793g/cm3 (pH 4,5) and 0,8872g/cm3 (pH 9,5).
PENINGKATAN PROFESIONALISME TENAGA PENDIDIK BERBASIS LITERASI DAN DISKURSUS
Authors: Kadek agus  , Wirahadi  , Nesa saputra  
Published: June 2023

Pendidikan merupakan sebuah wadah bagi generasi ke generasi, yang tidak hanya mencerdaskan bangsa, akan tetapi pendidikan tersebut merupakan membuka wawasan serta merubah mindset dari kekeliruan. Paradigma pendidikan tidak akan tergerus oleh jaman akan tetapi, terdekontruksi oleh oknum tergantung mau diarahkan kemana pendidikan tersebut. Orientasi tersebut hanya bisa dilakukan yang bergelut dalam dunia pendidikan baik itu peserta didik maupun tenaga pendidik. Unsur kepentingan yang berjalan didalamnya menjadikan pendidikan tersebut terpacu dari waktu ke waktu hingga jaman ke jaman. Tulisan ini menginterpretasikan pelaku pendidikan baik dalam hal hak maupun kewajibannya.
Untuk menghasilkan data yang valid dan reliable, makan tulisan ini menggunakan gaya tulisan kualitatif. Dalam menghasilkan data yang bersifat logis, tulisan ini melakukan beberapa tahapan pemilahan data berupa : 1). Reduksi data, 2). Mendisplay data, 3). Memverifikasi data, dan 4). Menginterpretasi data penelitian. Dalam penyajiannya, analisis terukur menjadi tumpuan dalam mengolah data yang didapatkan. Kesempurnaan tulisan ini tidak luput dari teknik kepustakaan yang dilakukan melalui penjajakan literature yang ada dalam google scholar.
Pendidikan diharapkan mampu mengembangkan wawasan peserta didik terhadap ideologi, politik, agama, ekonomi, sosial, budaya, dan pertahanan secara tepat dan benar, sehingga dapat membawa kemajuan individu, masyarakat dan negara guna menciptakan pembangunan nasional. Peran tenaga pendidikan menjadi sentral dalam membentuk karakter manusia, sehingga para pendidik pun harus membangun profesionalismenya melalui kontemplasi sebagai manajemen diri serta membangun budaya literasi dan diskursus sebagai lokomotif keilmuan ataupun pengetahuan dalam membangun wawasan yang luas dan kemajuan peradaban.
Pura Bukit Durga Kutri Suatu Analisis Pendidikan Agama Hindu
Authors: I Made Suparma Netra I Made Suparma Netra 
Published: June 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui, (1) sejarah berdirinya Pura Bukit Durga Kutri di Desa Buruan, Blahbatuh, Gianyar (2) Kedudukan Pura Bukit Durga Kutri di Desa Buruan, Blahbatuh, Gianyar, Bali, (3) Fungsi Pura Bukit Durga Kutri jika ditinjau dari segi pendidikan agama Hindu . Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Teori-teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah: 1) Teori Fungsional Struktural ini relevan digunakan dalam menganalisis pendidikan agama Hindu yang terdapat pada Pura Durga Kutri, 2) Teori Sistem Sosial pada Pura Bukit Durga Kutri sebagai tempat dalam menyelenggarakan kegiatan ritual yang menghubungkan manusia dengan Ida Sang Hyang Widhi adalah suatu bentuk solidaritas kerjasama yang tidak bisa dilakukan secara individu akan tetapi harus didasarkan kerjasama secara menyeluruh, 3) Teori Simbol yang terkait dengan realitas sakral dan oposisi Biner sangatlah relevan, jika dihubungkan dengan kajian pendidikan agama Hindu yang ada pada Pura Bukit Durga Kutri. Informan dipilih menggunakan teknik bola salju. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi, wawancara terstruktur, dokumentasi, dan studi kepustakaan. Teknik analisis data dilakukan melalui proses reduksi, penyajian, dan penarikan kesimpulan, dan tahap terakhir adalah penyajian hasil penelitian.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sejarah berdirinya Pura Bukit Durga Kutri di Desa Buruan berkaitan erat dengan kedatangan permaisuri Raja Udayana yang bernama Ratu Gunapriyadharmapatni dari Jawa. Kedudukan Pura Bukit Durga Kutri menjadi salah satu pura penting dalam sejarah peradaban Bali di masa lalu. Pura ini diduga sebagai Padharman dari Ratu Gunapriyadharmapatni atau Mahendradatta. Mengacu kepada fungsi edukasi dari sebuah pura, Pura Bukit Durga Kutri memiliki potensi yang sangat besar sebagai sumber belajar yang dapat dipakai terutama dalam pembelajaran sejarah perkembangan agama Hindu di Bali serta pengaruh budaya dan agama Hindu dari Jawa dan India. Pura Bukit Durga Kutri memiliki tinggalan berupa arca yang cukup banyak, antara lain Arca Durgamahissasuramardini, Arca Bersila, Arca Bhatara, Arca Buddha, Arca Anjali Mudra, Arca Gedong Daha/Doho. Melihat dari adanya arca Budha pada sebuah Pura di Bali dapat kita analisis bahwa kehidupan masyarakat yang berbeda agama pada masa lalu saling berdampingan dan bisa menghormati satu sama lain.

Keywords: Pura Bukit Durga Kutri, Pendidikan, Agama Hindu
Edukasi Sosialisasi Mengenai Jenis,Bahaya, dan Dampak Penyalahgunaan Narkoba Pada Remaja di Desa Tengkudak
Authors: Wedananta Kadek Adyatna , Suradnyani Arsita 
Published: June 2023

The younger generation is said to be the backbone of the country and the future of the nation is said to be in the hands of the younger generation. The large number of adolescent populations resulted in the emergence of juvenile delinquency problems. Adolescence is a period of transition, which is a phase of development between childhood and adulthood. The main problem of adolescents in general is the search for identity. They have an identity crisis. This is a problem for every teenager. Therefore, they often have the urge to present themselves as a separate group. However, this encouragement often leads teenagers to serious problems, one of which is drug use. Drugs or narcotics is an abbreviation of Narcotics, Alcohol, Psychotropics and Addictive Substances. Narcotics are a group of psychoactive substances/drugs that are widely used and needed for healing efforts and health services as well as for the development of science. Today many cases of drug abuse are found, one group of people who are prone to being exposed to drug abuse are those in the age range of 15-35 years or the millennial generation. Because drug cases are always increasing every day, education or outreach about the dangers of drugs must always be carried out, especially among adolescents who are vulnerable to trying illegal drugs. In implementing the community service program, which is assisting the government by providing education to the younger generation with the theme "Socialization of Recognizing the Types, Dangers, and Impacts of Drug Abuse in Youth in Tengkudak Village" it is hoped that this will help educate the younger generation so they don't fall prey to drug abuse. Keywords: Drugs, Education, abuse