bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long‐term effects of prenatal magnesium sulfate exposure on nervous system development in preterm‐born children
Authors: Zhou Le , Liu Xinghui , Yan Xiaoli , Liu Yingwei , Xie Yao , Sun Chuntang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis study used structural magnetic resonance imaging to analyze changes in the gray matter volume (GMV) of preterm‐born (PTB) and term‐born (TB) children to help elucidate the influence of magnesium sulfate treatment on the nervous system development. A total of 51 subjects were recruited, including 28 PTB and 23 TB children. The intelligence scale and MRI scan were completed at the corrected age of 10 to 16 years. A whole‐brain voxel‐wise analysis tested the main effect of the status (PTB without magnesium, PTB with magnesium, and TB) using a factorial design in SPM8. The mean volumes of the regions that showed significant group effects on the GMV after the FDR correction were extracted in the common space for each subject. Verbal and full‐scale intelligence quotient scores were significantly lower for PTB children without magnesium than for TB children; however, the scores of PTB children with magnesium and TB children were almost identical. Compared with TB children, PTB children had significantly reduced left straight gyrus and left inferior frontal gyrus GMVs; however, the volumes of PTB children with magnesium were closer to those of TB children. Changes in the GMV of the left inferior frontal gyrus were significantly correlated with full‐scale and verbal intelligence quotient scores, whereas the lower gestational age at the time of mgsou4 treatment led to a larger GMV of the left inferior frontal gyrus. Brain structural abnormalities could exist in PTB children. The GMVs of the left straight gyrus and left inferior frontal gyrus were significantly reduced in these children. The influence of magnesium sulfate treatment was not significant, but the cognitive levels of these children were significantly increased and almost identical to those of TB children. Initiation of magnesium sulfate treatment during gestation is negatively correlated with the left inferior frontal gyrus GMV.
Comparing the hippocampal volumetric atrophy between demented and nondemented individuals with Parkinson's disease: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Yazdan Panah Mohammad , Mokary Yousef , Shah Sangam , Thapa Sangharsha , Chand Swati , Shaygannejad Vahid , Mirmosayyeb Omid 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundParkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative conditions in the world and, when combined with dementia, can lead to immense cerebral volume loss. Of significant importance among all cerebral regions, is the hippocampus. This region plays a pivotal role in memory, and understanding its pathological alterations can answer vital questions regarding dementia. As such, we designed this study to compare the hippocampal volumes of PD patients with dementia (PDD) versus PD without dementia.MethodsPubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase were searched for relevant studies. We also searched the references sections of all included studies. The original search began in March 2022 and was extended to the end of July 2022. All related data were extracted from the studies. If the studies were conducted on patients from comparable patient groups, the most recent study with the most extensive data set would be included.ResultsA statistically significant difference was observed comparing the raw hippocampal volumes in participants with PDD and PD (p value = 0.01). In a comparison of normalized hippocampal volume between PDD and PD, there was a statistically significant difference (p value < 0.01), as well.ConclusionAlthough further research is required to illuminate the temporal relation between the onset of dementia and hippocampal atrophy in demented PD individuals, the present study highlights the importance of utilizing volumetric studies on memory‐related cerebral regions to diagnose the initiation of dementia in the early stages.
Evaluating the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of healthcare workers regarding high‐risk nosocomial infections: A global cross‐sectional study
Authors: Khatrawi Elham M. , Prajjwal Priyadarshi , Farhan Muhammad , Inban Pugazhendi , Gurha Shraddha , Al‐ezzi Saud M. S. , Marsool Mohammed D. M. , Ahuja Prerna , A. Mateen Mohammed , Aina Felix O. , Hussin Omniat A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundHealthcare workers (HCWs) play a vital role in delivering care and are frequently exposed to the risk of acquiring infections within the hospital setting. Around 15% of hospitalized patients suffer from these infections globally. However, the role and awareness of HCWs in the transmission of hospital‐acquired infections (HAIs) or nosocomial infections is still unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) toward high‐risk microbial infections among HCWs on a global scale to identify measures to address this problem.MethodA cross‐sectional descriptive study was conducted between 2022 and 2023, with HCWs selected as the study population. Data concerning KAP were collected through a self‐administered online survey questionnaire, using a nonprobability convenience sampling method. Descriptive statistics and regression analysis were used to analyze the data.ResultsA total of 743 HCWs from various countries participated in the study, with the majority of respondents being doctors (64.9%). Data were mainly obtained from Saudi Arabia (26.78%), Iraq (25.84%), India (15.7%), the United States of America (15.2%), and Africa (Sudan, Nigeria) (13.98%). The frequency of good KAP scores among physicians (KAP: 82.5, 80.66, and 70.5), nurses (KAP: 74.1, 73.07, and 88.7), medical practitioners (KAP: 87.2, 77.58, and 75.1), and technicians (KAP: 76.1, 74.38, and 89.6) were obtained as mentioned. With respect to experience, HCWs showed good KAP scores in 1–5 years (KAP: 82.4, 83.3, and 74.1), 5–10 years (KAP: 80.6, 74.54, 83), 10–20 years (KAP: 74.7, 79.1, and 82.7), and >20 years (KAP: 84.6, 78.8, and 82.8) categories.ConclusionThis study suggests that HCWs have good KAP regarding infection prevention, but there is still room for improvement. Educational seminars and awareness programs can provide better adherence to barrier protection measures such as hand washing, use of gloves, and hand disinfection.
Diagnostic accuracy of HPV16 early antigen serology for HPV‐driven oropharyngeal cancer is independent of age and sex
Authors: Kusters Johannes M. A. , Diergaarde Brenda , Ness Andrew , Schim van der Loeff Maarten F. , Heijne Janneke C. M. , Schroeder Lea , Hueniken Katrina , McKay James D. , Macfarlane Gary J. , Lagiou Pagona , Lagiou Areti , Polesel Jerry , Agudo Antonio , Alemany Laia , Ahrens Wolfgang , Healy Claire M. , Conway David I. , Robinson Max , Canova Cristina , Holcátová Ivana , Richiardi Lorenzo , Znaor Ariana , Pring Miranda , Thomas Steve , Hayes D. Neil , Liu Geoffrey , Hung Rayjean J. , Brennan Paul , Olshan Andrew F. , Virani Shama , Waterboer Tim 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA growing proportion of head and neck cancer (HNC), especially oropharyngeal cancer (OPC), is caused by human papillomavirus (HPV). There are several markers for HPV‐driven HNC, one being HPV early antigen serology. We aimed to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of HPV serology and its performance across patient characteristics. Data from the VOYAGER consortium was used, which comprises five studies on HNC from North America and Europe. Diagnostic accuracy, that is, sensitivity, specificity, Cohen's kappa and correctly classified proportions of HPV16 E6 serology, was assessed for OPC and other HNC using p16INK4a immunohistochemistry (p16), HPV in situ hybridization (ISH) and HPV PCR as reference methods. Stratified analyses were performed for variables including age, sex, smoking and alcohol use, to test the robustness of diagnostic accuracy. A risk‐factor analysis based on serology was conducted, comparing HPV‐driven to non‐HPV‐driven OPC. Overall, HPV serology had a sensitivity of 86.8% (95% CI 85.1‐88.3) and specificity of 91.2% (95% CI 88.6‐93.4) for HPV‐driven OPC using p16 as a reference method. In stratified analyses, diagnostic accuracy remained consistent across sex and different age groups. Sensitivity was lower for heavy smokers (77.7%), OPC without lymph node involvement (74.4%) and the ARCAGE study (66.7%), while specificity decreased for cases with <10 pack‐years (72.1%). The risk‐factor model included study, year of diagnosis, age, sex, BMI, alcohol use, pack‐years, TNM‐T and TNM‐N stage. HPV serology is a robust biomarker for HPV‐driven OPC, and its diagnostic accuracy is independent of age and sex. Future research is suggested on the influence of smoking on HPV antibody levels.
Experiences of men undergoing assisted reproductive technology: A qualitative systematic review
Authors: Hya Kia Min , Huang Zhongwei , Chua Crystal Min Siu , Shorey Shefaly 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundMany infertile couples undergo assisted reproductive technology (ART) to increase pregnancy chances, with many of them experiencing psychosocial distress. Although research has been performed on women's experiences of ART, there is limited focus on men.ObjectiveThis systematic review consolidated and synthesized men's experiences with ART to better understand their needs and challenges to support them.Search StrategyNine electronic databases were searched from the inception date until November 2022.Selection CriteriaThis review included published and unpublished primary studies with qualitative methodologies exploring men's experiences with ART.Data Collection and AnalysisThe screening of studies, methodological assessment, data extraction, and analysis were conducted by two reviewers independently. The data were thematically synthesized.Main ResultsFifteen studies were included. An overarching theme of “despair to destiny” was identified, with four synthesized themes: (1) “the roller coaster ride,” (2) “what made it from bad to worse?”, (3) “what kept men going?”, and (4) “hopeful for the future.”ConclusionMen undergoing ART experienced struggles, a transition of emotions, and a need for support as they attempted to cope with unknowns while remaining hopeful for future outcomes. There is a need for health care interventions and policies to address the issue to improve the well‐being of male ART patients. Interventions should be tailored to the specific support groups that cater to the emotional and informational needs of male ART patients. Future research should focus on the influence of cultural sensitivities on men's ART experiences, to tailor support programs to address their psychological needs during ART.
In vivo visualization of immunosuppressive cells in the tumor microenvironment
Authors: Bao Guangfa , Zhou Jianyuan , Cheng Siyuan , Zhao Jun , Zhu Xiaohua 
Published: September 2023

AbstractImmunosuppressive cells are pivotal players in tumor progression by affecting the efficacy of conventional therapies and the prognosis of cancer patients. Visualization and real‐time evaluation of these cells are very important to achieve patient‐oriented precision oncological medicine. Noninvasive imaging techniques are excellent tools for this purpose, and various molecular imaging probes have been developed to monitor these protumoral immunosuppressive cells in the tumor microenvironment. In this review, we provide a brief update on the biology of immunosuppressive cells and outline recent progress in their visualization.
The protective effects of pirfenidone in preventing abdominal aortic aneurysm formation
Authors: Yong Jun , Wang Rui , Song Fubo , Wang Tao 
Published: September 2023

AbstractVascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)‐mediated angiogenesis participates in the initiation and progression of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). Pirfenidone is a compound that has anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant properties and suppresses angiogenesis. Pirfenidone targets the extracellular matrix (ECM) and has therapeutic effects on fibrotic diseases. Therefore, we speculated that pirfenidone might have meaningful therapeutic effects in AAA, and the current study was designed to investigate this capacity. An AAA model was constructed in mice using a long‐term injection of angiotensin II (Ang II), followed by a 28‐day administration of 200 mg/kg/day pirfenidone. Increased maximal external diameter of the abdominal artery, promoted levels of VEGF‐A and its receptor VEGF‐R2, upregulated matrix metallopeptidases (MMP)‐2 and MMP‐9, and elevated release of pro‐inflammatory cytokines were observed in AAA mice, which were extremely repressed by 200 mg/kg pirfenidone. Human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) were stimulated with Ang II for 1 day, in the presence or absence of pirfenidone (100 nM). Elevated expression of VEGF‐A and VEGF‐R2, facilitated proliferation, increased tube formation ability, and upregulated MMP‐2 and MMP‐9 were observed in Ang II‐stimulated HAECs, all of which were significantly rescued by 100 nM pirfenidone. Finally, the elevated levels of myeloid differentiation primary response 88 and phosphorylated nuclear factor‐kappa‐B subunit p65 observed in Ang II‐stimulated HAECs were repressed by pirfenidone. Collectively, pirfenidone alleviated AAA by inhibiting ECM degradation and ameliorating endothelial dysfunction.
Antibacterial HPL‐DOSS surface coating for commercial plastics
Authors: Chen Guohao , Liu Xiao , Zhang Rui , Han Miaomiao , Ji Shengxiang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBacterial colonization and biofilm formation on the surface of materials can lead to serious bacterial infections and are highly detrimental to our health. Here, we prepared a water‐insoluble HPL‐DOSS complex by compounding hyperbranched polylysine (HPL) with docusate sodium salt (DOSS) and coated HPL‐DOSS onto the surfaces of the commercial polypropylene (PP) and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) plastics to afford antibacterial PP‐HD and TPU‐HD plastics. PP‐HD and TPU‐HD showed excellent antibacterial activities against both Escherichia coli and MRSA. In addition, the bacterial residues on the PP‐HD and TPU‐HD surfaces were significantly reduced compared with the pristine PP and TPU surfaces, indicating that the HPL‐DOSS surface coating had good anti‐adhesive property against bacteria and helped to reduce the formation of biofilms. Meanwhile, both PP‐HD and TPU‐HD exhibited excellent biocompatibility, indicating that the HPL‐DOSS complex could be used as a safe antimicrobial coating material to reduce bacterial infections on plastic surfaces.
Artificial intelligence for HPV status prediction based on disease‐specific images in head and neck cancer: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Song Cheng , Chen Xu , Tang Chao , Xue Peng , Jiang Yu , Qiao Youlin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAccurate early detection of the human papillomavirus (HPV) status in head and neck cancer (HNC) is crucial to identify at‐risk populations, stratify patients, personalized treatment options, and predict prognosis. Artificial intelligence (AI) is an emerging tool to dissect imaging features. This systematic review and meta‐analysis aimed to evaluate the performance of AI to predict the HPV positivity through the HPV‐associated diseased images in HNC patients. A systematic literature search was conducted in databases including Ovid‐MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science Core Collection for studies continuously published from inception up to October 30, 2022. Search strategies included keywords such as “artificial intelligence,” “head and neck cancer,” “HPV,” and “sensitivity & specificity.” Duplicates, articles without HPV predictions, letters, scientific reports, conference abstracts, or reviews were excluded. Binary diagnostic data were then extracted to generate contingency tables and then used to calculate the pooled sensitivity (SE), specificity (SP), area under the curve (AUC), and their 95% confidence interval (CI). A random‐effects model was used for meta‐analysis, four subgroup analyses were further explored. Totally, 22 original studies were included in the systematic review, 15 of which were eligible to generate 33 contingency tables for meta‐analysis. The pooled SE and SP for all studies were 79% (95% CI: 75−82%) and 74% (95% CI: 69−78%) respectively, with an AUC of 0.83 (95% CI: 0.79−0.86). When only selecting one contingency table with the highest accuracy from each study, our analysis revealed a pooled SE of 79% (95% CI: 75−83%), SP of 75% (95% CI: 69−79%), and an AUC of 0.84 (95% CI: 0.81−0.87). The respective heterogeneities were moderate (I2 for SE and SP were 51.70% and 51.01%) and only low (35.99% and 21.44%). This evidence‐based study showed an acceptable and promising performance for AI algorithms to predict HPV status in HNC but was not comparable to the routine p16 immunohistochemistry. The exploitation and optimization of AI algorithms warrant further research. Compared with previous studies, future studies anticipate to make progress in the selection of databases, improvement of international reporting guidelines, and application of high‐quality deep learning algorithms.
CRISPR dual enzyme cleavage triggers DNA and RNA substrate cleavage for SARS‐CoV‐2 dual gene detection
Authors: Jiang Tong , Liu Runde , Shen Jilu 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe widespread dissemination of coronavirus 2019 imposes a significant burden on society. Therefore, rapid detection facilitates the reduction of transmission risk. In this study, we proposed a multiplex diagnostic platform for the rapid, ultrasensitive, visual, and simultaneous detection of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2) open reading frame 1ab (ORF1ab) and N genes. A visual diagnostic method was developed using a clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)‐Cas12a/Cas13a dual‐enzyme digestion system integrated with multiplex reverse transcriptase‐recombinase polymerase amplification (RT‐RPA). Two CRISPR‐Cas proteins (Cas12a and Cas13a) were introduced into the system to recognize and cleave the N gene and ORF1ab gene, respectively. We used fluorescent or CRISPR double digestion test strips to detect the digested products, with the N gene corresponding to the FAM channel in the PCR instrument or the T1 line on the test strip, and the ORF1ab gene corresponding to the ROX channel in the PCR instrument or the T2 line on the test strip. The analysis can be completed in less than 20 min. Meanwhile, we assessed the application of the platform and determined a sensitivity of up to 200 copies/mL. Additionally, dual gene validation in 105 clinical nasopharyngeal swab samples showed a 100% positive predictive value agreement and a 95.7% negative predictive value agreement between our method and quantitative reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction. Overall, our method offered a novel insight into the rapid diagnosis of SARS‐CoV‐2.
A low‐cost efficient online derivatization system for the determination of saccharides by high‐performance liquid chromatograph‐ultraviolet detector
Authors: Jiang Zheng , Wang Hong , Yu Miao , Qu Cheng , Yue Wei , Wu Qinan 
Published: September 2023

In this study, a low‐cost efficient online derivatization system was developed which allows for the detection of various types of mono‐ and oligo‐saccharides only utilizing high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)‐ultraviolet detector (UV) system. In the proposed method, phenylhydrazine was used as the derivatization reagent and directly spiked in the mobile phase, allowing for the separation and detection of mono‐ and oligosaccharides in an accessible instrument system (HPLC‐UV). And the online derivatization design of the proposed method has significantly reduced the potential harm of derivatization reagents to the analysts. Furthermore, critical chromatographic parameters were optimized via the Box‐Behnken design strategy, culminating in the ideal response for saccharides. Finally, the methodology validation of the proposed method was conducted. The proposed method showed satisfactory linear ranges with acceptable correlation coefficients (R2 > 0.99), outstanding accuracy (Recovery: 95.3%–105.6%), high intra‐day precision (relative standard deviation [RSD]: 1.4%–7.1%) and inter‐day precision (RSD: 2.0%–7.4%). The robustness and ruggedness of the proposed method were proved as the recovery values in the range of 95.0%–104.6% and 95.1%–104.8% for robustness and ruggedness, respectively. These satisfactory validation results confirm the applicability and reliability of the proposed method for the analysis of saccharides in various complex real‐world samples.
A countercurrent chromatography solvent system based on deep eutectic solvents for separation of cis‐ and trans‐crocetin from Gardenia jasminoides Ellis
Authors: Wen Lijiao , Shen Zetao , Cao Xueli , Fan Chen 
Published: September 2023

Due to the structural similarity and large difference in concentration, the separation of trans‐ and cis‐crocetin has been challenging, and the cis‐crocetin is usually neglected. In this work, a countercurrent chromatography method was developed for the quick separation of trans‐crocetin and cis‐crocetin from the hydrolytic extract of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis. High purity of trans‐crocetin (>95%) and cis‐crocetin (>91%) were prepared simultaneously for the first time through a novel biphasic system based on deep eutectic solvents, n‐heptane/n‐butyl alcohol/13 mmol/L Na2CO3 in water/acetamide‐benzyltrimethylammonium chloride (4:1, mol/mol) (4:7:9:1, v/v). The addition of deep eutectic solvent significantly improved the separation efficiency. The two targets can be easily recovered from the separation system through simple acidification and precipitation. It has potential for preparative separations on a large scale.
The Water Swallow Test and EAT‐10 as Screening Tools for Referral to Videofluoroscopy
Authors: Kuuskoski Jonna , Vanhatalo Jaakko , Rekola Jami , Aaltonen Leena‐Maija , Järvenpää Pia 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundVideofluoroscopy (VFS) is the gold standard in evaluating dysphagia. Water swallow tests (WST) and the Eating Assessment Tool (EAT‐10) are commonly used in dysphagia screening. We aimed to determine the feasibility of WST and EAT‐10 as screening tools for referral to VFS.MethodsPatients (n = 150, median age: 70.0 years, range: 19–92 years, 58.7% female) referred to VFS completed the WST and EAT‐10 before the examination. In the WST, we evaluated both the qualitative parameters (coughing, possible change in voice) and quantitative parameters (average drinking bolus size, swallowing speed). Correlations of EAT‐10 total scores and WST parameters to the VFS findings were analyzed both individually and combined.ResultsIn the WST, the most specific (89.7%) predictor of normal VFS findings was the absence of coughing, and the most sensitive (79.1%) parameter to predict abnormal findings was a bolus size of ≤20 mL. Using a combination of coughing and a bolus size ≤20 mL (simplified WST), the sensitivity of predicting abnormal findings increased to 83.5%. The most sensitive (84.6%) predictor of penetration/aspiration was failing any parameter in the WST. Lack of coughing indicated an absence of penetration/aspiration with an 82.5% specificity. Swallowing speed or combining the EAT‐10 results with the WST results did not enhance the sensitivity or specificity of the WST for predicting the VFS results.ConclusionsCoughing and average drinking bolus size are the most important parameters in WST when screening for referral to VFS, whereas the swallowing speed does not seem to be useful. The WST is superior to EAT‐10 in predicting VFS findings.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 134:1349–1355, 2024