bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Because of Him, We Have Pizza Hut!”
Authors: Ironside Kristy 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Gorbachev’s 1997 television ad for Pizza Hut, which opened its first restaurants in the Soviet Union in 1990 through a joint venture between parent company PepsiCo, Inc. and the Moscow city soviet, is an important part of his popular image in the West, reflecting the role that capitalist consumerism is often presumed to have played in the Soviet system’s collapse. Yet, as this article shows, such joint ventures were supposed to increase the Soviet Union’s role not as a consumer, but as a producer, by showcasing the benefits of international economic cooperation with it. Joint ventures won Gorbachev powerful allies, including the CEO of Pepsi, Donald H. Kendall, who advocated for removing American trade restrictions that stood in the way of the Soviet Union assuming a larger function in world trade. As Gorbachev’s economic reforms began to fail, however, the long line in front of Pizza Hut also came to symbolize communism’s failure to deliver prosperity. Gorbachev used the difficulties of foreign companies like Pizza Hut as proof of why the Soviet Union should be given Western aid, to no avail. Ultimately, the policy of joint ventures was a failure and Pizza Hut’s presence in the post-Soviet Russian market was short lived: it left during the 1998 ruble crisis only to return under Putin in the early 2000s, only to leave once again after Russia’s 2022 invasion of Ukraine.
“The Pillars of Our Statehood:” Glasnost’, Soviet Networks, and National Mobilization
Authors: Kalinovsky Artemy M. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Scholars of Gorbachev’s reforms and the Soviet collapse usually note that the last Soviet leader underestimated the power of nationalist mobilization and acted belatedly, and ineffectually, to stop it. In this article, I consider the effects of the strategy that Gorbachev adopted in the wake of the Alma-Ata events (remembered as Jeltoqsan in Kazakhstan), when protests erupted after an ethnic Russian from outside the republic was installed as first secretary. Gorbachev realized the importance of nationalist sentiment and was sympathetic to many of the grievances raised by intellectuals. He hoped that better knowledge of the problem would help him manage it, and he counted on the intellectuals to make common cause with their counterparts across the USSR. They did so, but the all-union publications, institutions, and networks to which they turned ultimately amplified nationalist sentiment and catalyzed the movement for independence, undermining the prospects of all-union reform. I explore this phenomenon by considering the Aral-88 expedition, the role of journals like Druzhba Narodov, and knowledge production on the region among ethnographers and economists at the Institute of Oriental Studies in Moscow.
The Socialist Great Divergence. Why Mikhail Gorbachev Failed Where Deng Xiaoping Succeeded
Authors: Rupprecht Tobias 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
While Mikhail Gorbachev opened a door for a possible democratic transformation of the Soviet Union, the economic and financial policies of his Perestroika led to state collapse. Those who reproach him for not having a coherent concept of economic reform often point to Deng Xiaoping, whose ostensibly more clear-eyed vision led China to prosper. Yet on a conceptual level, Gorbachev’s economic and legal arrangements were very similar to Deng’s; both drew on the domestic and international intellectual repertoires of market socialism. It was their political implementation under fundamentally different political, economic and social conditions that led to economic catastrophe in the USSR and to economic growth in the People’s Republic. A ‘Chinese path’ in the Soviet Union, including the application of political violence, may have preserved one-party dictatorship – but would not have provided the basis for an economic upswing. Gorbachev should be given great credit for rejecting such authoritarian market reforms.
Reassessing Gorbachev
Authors: Taubman William 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Comments from around the world following Gorbachev’s death revealed yet again how polarized views of him are. Most Westerners still see him as a man who changed his country and the world for the better. Most Russians condemn him for having intentionally or unintentionally destroyed the USSR. This essay attempts to reassess his record – to ask what a leader like him was to do when he had noble aims for his country and the world and possessed the power potentially to achieve them, but confronted huge obstacles to doing so. Should he have pursued them at the risk not only of failure, but of making things worse? Should he have settled for presiding over the status quo and preserving his own power? To address such questions, I pose others: What were Gorbachev’s goals and how did he come by them? Were they so ambitious as to be unrealistic? Did he have sufficient power as Soviet leader possibly to achieve them? What obstacles did he face? Did he foresee them? How effectively did he cope with them? Were there alternatives that were preferable to his approach? I conclude that Gorbachev was right to make the attempt.
PENGGUNAAN PAKAN NON KONVENSIONAL TERFERMENTASI DALAM RANSUM TERHADAP NILAI ORGANOLEPTIK DAGING AYAM BROILER
Authors: Anggraeni  , Elis Dihansih  , Deden Sudrajat  , Renaldi Aldi 
Published: May 2023

Pemanfaatan limbah yang berasal dari pertanian dan perkebunan mempunyai potensi digunakan dan dikembangkan sebagai campuran pakan unggas.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas sensori daging ayam broiler dengan subtitusi pakan dasar dan pakan non konvensonal terfermentasi dalam ransum. Ternak yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah 150 ekor day old chick (DOC) ayam broiler. Kandang yang digunakan pada penelitian ini sistem litter. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap yang terdiri atas 6 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan, yaitu R0 = 100%pakan dasar, R1 = 90% pakan dasar + 10% pakan non konvensional terfermentasi, R2 =75% pakan dasar + 25% pakan non konvensional terfermentasi, R3= 60% ransum dasar + 40% pakan non konvensional terfermentasi, R4 = 45% pakan dasar + 55% pakan non konvensional terfermentasi, R5 =30% pakan dasar + 70% pakan non konvensional terfermentasi. Analisis data diuji menggunakan Uji Kruskal-Wallis dengan bantuan aplikasi SPSS. Peubah yang di amati kualitas sensori daging ayam broiler meliputi aroma, warna, keempukan, rasa dan juiceness. Uji sensoris dilakukan dengan uji hedonik dan mutu hedonik, penilaian dilakukan oleh panelis semi terlatih. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian bahwa pemberian subtitusi pakan dasar dengan pakan non konvensional terfermentasi dalam ransum terhadap daya terima konsumsi meliputi, aroma, rasa, keempukan, juiceness dan tekstur dapat mempertahankan kualitas sensori daging ayam broiler.
TARIAN SEBAGAI WADAH UNTUK MENJELAJAHI IDENTITAS PEREMPUAN BERKACA PADA NOVEL PADA SEBUAH KAPAL, SAMAN, DAN TARIAN BUMI
Authors: Yeon Lee 
Published: May 2023

Berkenaan dengan wacana tubuh perempuan yang marak dibahas dalam karya penulis perempuan Indonesia. Tarian dan persoalan jati diri perempuan dari perspektif feminisme. Dalam karya-karya itu, para tokoh perempuan secara aktif dan bebas menggunakan tubuh mereka melalui tarian untuk mengekpresikan subyektivitas dan rasa identitas mereka sebagai seorang perempuan. Terkait hal ini, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membahas makna tarian tokoh perempuan dalam karya penulis perempuan dari perspektif feminisme pada tiga karya yang mengangkat isu tarian perempuan, yaitu Pada Sebuah Kapal oleh Nh. Dini, Saman oleh Ayu Utami, dan Tarian Bumi oleh Oka Rusmini. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif. Data penelitian yaitu teks-teks yang berkaitan dengan kutipan membahas makna tarian tokoh perempuan dalam karya penulis perempuan dari perspektif feminisme. Sumber data penelitian ini yaitu Pada Sebuah Kapal karya Nh. Dini, Saman karya Ayu Utami, dan Tarian Bumi karya Oka Rusmini. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan Teknik baca dan catat. Peneliti melakukan pembacaan naskah teks novel. Selanjutnya, peneliti mencatat hal-hal berkaitan dengan data penelitian. Teknik analisis data menggunakan 1) reduksi data, 2) penyajian data, dan 3) penarikan simpulan. Berdasarkan hasil pembahasan, diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa tarian dalam ketiga karya tersebut dimaknai sebagai ekspresi untuk memaparkan identitas gender sebagai perempuan, hak perempuan atas tubuhnya, dan hasrat terhadap kekuasasan yang tidak diperbolehkan untuk perempuan dalam masyarakat yang bertatanan patriarkis. Para tokoh perempuan dalam ketiga karya ini secara aktif mencoba memperlihatkan kesadaran dan jati diri sebagai perempuan melalui tarian. Selain itu, tarian juga ditawarkan sebagai suatu wadah untuk menjelajahi identitas gender sebagai seorang perempuan. Kata Kunci: Tarian, Identitas Perempuan, Novel
DETECTION OF POSTHODIPLOSTOMUM CUTICOLA (NORDMANN, 1832) IN FISH IN THE WATER BODIES OF THE NOVOSIBIRSK REGION
Authors: Bonina O. M. , Udaltsov E. A. , Bortsova M. S. 
Published: May 2023

The article presents data on infection of fish of the cyprinid family (ide, dace, roach)
with metacercariae of trematode Posthodiplostomum cuticola. Fish for the study
were caught in the following water bodies of the Novosibirsk Region: the Chulym,
Karakan, Inya, and Makhalikha Rivers, as well as from the left (Sharapovsky Bay)
and right (Tulkinsky Bay) banks of the Novosibirsk Reservoir. Fish were studied by the
compressor method generally accepted in parasitology and by partial helminthological
dissection. A total of 270 fish specimens (71 ides, 82 daces, and 117 roaches) were
studied. To analyze the fish infection, such indicators as the invasion prevalence and
intensity, as well as the abundance index were used. The research results showed that
the overall level of infection of cyprinids with P. cuticola metacercariae in the reservoirs
of the Novosibirsk Region was 13.0%. The highest invasion prevalence of 35.2% was
observed in ides; in daces and roaches this value is much lower and amounts to 7.3%
and 3.4%, respectively. The invasion intensity was low, ranging from 1 to 7 parasite
specimens per fish. The highest average invasion intensity of 3.3 and 3.1 specimens
was recorded in daces from the Karakan River and ides from the Chulym River.
ON THE SEVERTSOV-PLATE FUNCTION INTENSIFICATION PRINCIPLE BY THE EXAMPLE OF THE INTESTINES OF HEPATIC TREMATODE PARAFASCIOLOPSIS FASCIOLAEMORPHA EJSMONT, 1932 (PLATHELMINTHES, TREMATODA)
Authors: Manikovskaya N. S. , Nacheva L. V. 
Published: May 2023

The study considers morphological and functional features of the intestine of
the trematode Parafasciolopsis fasciolaemorpha in the context of its endostation,
namely, the bile ducts in the liver of the moose Alces alces (1st order environment),
which reveal mechanisms that ensure the parasite adaptation. The intestine of P.
fasciolaemorpha is covered with epithelium, while its apical part is represented by thin
microvilli, and the basal part contains nuclei and reticular cytoplasm. The epithelium
is delimited from parenchyma by a basal membrane of a collagenous nature. Intense
bromphenolophilia and toluidinophilia manifested at the apical end of the microvilli
indicate the accumulated glycoproteins and involvement in the breakdown of food, as
well as in the increase in the enterocyte resistance to antigenic effects of the host and
the manifestation of anticoagulant properties. Enterocytes function in analogy with
microapocrine secretion, and digestion is mainly parietal (and partially abdominal). The microvilli in the apical part of the intestinal epithelium increase the working
surface area and accelerate the processes of parietal digestion with enhancing the
trophic processes of the helminth P. fasciolaemorpha to survive in the host organism,
which helps small parasites to adapt in the endostation. The study results serve as a
clear illustration of the Severtsov-Plate function intensification principle.
METHOD FOR APPLICATION OF TRICLABENDAZOLE COMPLEX "TRICLAFASCID" FOR TREATMENT AND PREVENTION OF FASCIOLIASIS IN FARM ANIMALS
Authors: Musaev M. B. , Khalikov M. S. 
Published: May 2023

Among the most common and dangerous parasitic diseases of animals and humans
is fascioliasis. The most effective against Fasciola is triclabendazole ("Fasinex 5.0%"
suspension), imported by Siba-Geigi, which is practically not used in Russia due to
its high cost. Considering the huge economic damage caused by fascioliasis, we have
developed a new complex preparation using innovative mechanochemical technology
based on the substance of triclabendazole "Triclafascid", which is 5 times more active
than the substance of triclabendazole against fascioliasis. The drug is an intermolecular
complex in the form of an easily flowing solid dispersed powder with a size of 0.1–10
microns. The drug is administered orally once to cattle and sheep for therapeutic and
prophylactic purposes for acute and chronic fascioliasis, to sheep at a therapeutic dose
of 2.0 mg/kg and to cattle 2.5 mg/kg for the AI, respectively, and 20 and 25 mg /kg
for the drug, once individually in the form of an aqueous solution. In case of mass
deworming of animals, it is convenient to give the anthelmintic by a group method
to 10–20 animals, mixed with mixed feed at a dose of 3.0 mg/kg for the AI (for the
preparation 30 mg/kg).
FINDING OF ASCARID EGGS IN MAMMOTH
Authors: Sivkova T. N. , Kosintsev P. A. 
Published: May 2023

Mammoth parasites (Mammuthus primigenius Blumenbach, 1799) are currently being
studied according to the morphological characteristics of parasite residues due to the
lack of established genetic markers for performing genetic tests. A parasitological
study of the intestinal contents of two mammoths was carried out – Mongochensky
(Gydan Peninsula) and Tadibе (Yamal Peninsula). We conducted a parasitological
study of the remains of the intestines of two mammoths - Mongochensky and Tadibe,
provided by employees of the Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology of the Ural
Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The work was carried out according
to the generally accepted in paleoparasitology method with the use of residue
rehydration and the subsequent use of the combined and sedimentation method. In
a parasitological study of the intestinal contents of the Mongochensky mammoth,
no parasites were found, while analysis of the material from the mammoth from
Tadibe revealed two nematode eggs. The number of eggs found was small 1.5 eggs
per 1 g of feces. Large sizes, rounded shape, the presence of a thick layered shell
made it possible to identify these objects as eggs of representatives of the family
Ascarididae Baird, 1853. The structure of the eggs was similar to ones from modern
horse parascarids. The diameter of the eggs was 78.68±1.19 and 87.94±0.47 mkm,
the wall thickness was 4.14±0.29 and 4.48±0.34 microns, which is comparable to
similar indicators of modern representatives. This is the first report of the detection
of Ascarididae nematode in mammoths.
PRURITIC DERMATOSES IN CERTAIN PARASITOSIS. THE USE OF CRYOGENIC THERAPY IN COMBINED TREATMENT
Authors: Chernysheva E. S. , Shundeva O. V. , Laponova A. I. 
Published: May 2023

Pruritic dermatosis is chronic persistent processes. The principal symptom is
tormenting itchy sensation excruciating for patients affected. Medical treatment is
often ineffective. Itchy skin may be caused by parasite invasions. Whether external or
endogenic, they are highly toxic, which is important in pathogenesis. Therefore, it is
necessary to exclude parasitosis in patients with itchy skin. Intoxications and allergic
reactions caused by polypragmasy are also capable to cause itching. In total, 64
patients were examined. They underwent histocoprological analysis for helminthic
infections. Of them, 41 patients were found to have mono- and polyinvasions and
abnormal intestinal macro- and microbiome, which required specific therapy. In
13 patients, the cause was polypharmacotherapy. General cryogenic therapy was
applied in 12 patients with generalized itching. Exposure of skin parasites to extreme
law temperatures discontinues their life cycle. The effects of general cryogenic
treatment result in itching elimination, reduced inflammation, pain attenuation and
wound healing. The skin is an informative organ showing therapeutic efficacy when
properly treated. Application of general cryogenic treatment as an etiologically
focused method is especially prescribed against external parasite infections (such as
scabies, dirofilariasis, Morgellons disease).
ACANTHOCEPHALANS IN WATERFOWLS OF LAKE BAIKAL
Authors: Baldanova D. R. , Khamnueva T. R. , Dugarov Z. N. 
Published: May 2023

The purpose of this work was to clarify the species composition of acanthocephalans
of Baikal waterbirds and to determine their relative abundance in modern
environmental conditions. Ninety nine specimens of 13 species of waterfowls were
studied by the method of special and complete dissection in Lake Baikal. Birds were
studied according to the method given in the work by M. N. Dubinina. Three species
of acanthocephalans were recorded: Polymorphus minutus (Goeze, 1782), P. acutis
Van Cleave et Starret, 1940, and P. magnus Skrjabin, 1913. To assess the quantitative
parameters of host infection, the following indices were used: prevalence of invasion
(iP), intensity of invasion (iI, limits) and abundance (A). P. minutus was the most
widespread species of acanthocephalans. Acanthocephalans are localized in the
small intestine of birds. Polymorphae penetrate very deeply into the small intestine
wall of the host. Unlike echinorhynchids whose proboscis penetrates only into the
submucosa of the intestinal mucosa of fish, the proboscis and neck of polymorphids
pierce the mucous and muscular membranes reaching the serous membrane.
Tubercles are observed on the outer, serous side of the intestine that mark places
of attached acanthocephalans. With a high number of definitive hosts, they can
potentially exert a regulatory influence on the number of bird populations.
THE USE OF WATCHING YOUTUBE VIDEOS FOR ACQUIRING STUDENTS’ LISTENING COMPREHENSION
Authors: Fadillah Arfa S. N. , Nasrullah Nasrullah , Rosalina Elsa 
Published: May 2023

YouTube offers plenty of authentic material created by people worldwide which is frequently used as learning media. Numerous studies on YouTube have been carried out, some of which examined the effect of YouTube on listening ability, and the use of YouTube as learning media. However, only a few studies talk about the use of YouTube on students’ listening comprehension particularly to monitor self-improvement for getting English listening proficiency. Therefore, anchored in Anderson’s (1995) theory and filling the void of previous studies, this research was conducted to describe the use of watching YouTube videos for acquiring students’ listening comprehension. This research applied a qualitative research approach using a structured questionnaire and semi-structured interview as the instruments to collect the data. The subjects of this research were 4 students of the English Language Education Study Program of Lambung Mangkurat University. Findings showed that the use of YouTube videos by the respondents means they use extensive listening to improve their listening comprehension. The participants portrayed using YouTube as a way of self-improvement. The improvement they felt after watching YouTube videos was that they are able to easily find the main idea and general information while listening. It can be concluded that watching YouTube videos frequently is useful enough to improve students' listening comprehension.
Fisika Dalam Game : Konsep Resultan Vektor Gaya Pada Karakter Fanny Di Mobile Legends
Authors: Santoso Satriyo Iman , Saputra Iqbal Maulana , Setiaji Bayu 
Published: May 2023

Abstract: Mobile Legends: Bang Bang game is one of the games that is still popular with people in the Southeast Asian region, including Indonesia. The characters in Mobile Legends: Bang Bang are very varied with different roles and difficulty levels. In this study, researchers analyzed one of the characters in the mobile legends bang bang game, namely Fanny, in terms of the application of physics concepts. The purpose of this study is to analyze physics concepts, especially vector material on the character Fanny in the Mobile Legends: Bang Bang game. This research uses qualitative research methods with a descriptive approach. Data collection is carried out through observation, interviews, and documentation online. Where the resource person or informant in this research is a physics education student. The concept of vector is found in the use of abilities in the form of launching ropes on the character Fanny. Where vectors are quantities that have values and directions. The summation of two or more vectors is called a resultant vector. The magnitude of the vector Resultant is determined using two methods, namely the graphic and analytical methods. The results of this study are expected to explain the concept of physics in the mobile legends bang bang game and can be applied as material for learning physics.Abstrak: Game Mobile Legends: Bang Bang merupakan salah satu permainan yang hingga kini masih digemari masyarakat di kawasan asia tenggara tidak terkecuali Indonesia. Karakter pada game Mobile Legends: Bang Bang sangat bervariasi dengan peran dan tingkat kesulitan yang berbeda. Dalam penelitian ini peneliti menganalisis salah satu karakter dalam game Mobile Legends Bang Bang yaitu Fanny ditinjau dari penerapan konsep fisika. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu menganalisis konsep fisika khususnya materi vektor pada karakter Fanny di game Mobile Legends: Bang Bang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Pengambilan data dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi secara daring. Dimana yang menjadi narasumber atau informan dalam penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa pendidikan fisika. Penelitian ini memberikan gambaran bahwa dalam game Mobile Legends: Bang Bang terdapat konsep yang berkaitan dengan fisika yaitu vektor. Konsep vektor terdapat dalam penggunaan kemampuan berupa peluncuran tali pada karakter Fanny. Dimana vektor merupakan besaran yang mempunyai nilai dan arah. Penjumlahan dari dua vektor atau lebih disebut resultan vektor. Besarnya Resultan vektor ditentukan dengan menggunakan dua metode, yaitu metode grafis dan analitis. Hasil dari penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjelaskan konsep fisika pada game Mobile Legends Bang Bang dan bisa diterapkan sebagai bahan pembelajaran fisika.