bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A coding variant in the microsomal triglyceride transfer protein reduces both hepatic steatosis and plasma lipids
Authors: Schneider Carolin V. , Hehl Leonida , Creasy Kate Townsend , Vitali Cecilia , Vell Mara S. , Vujkovic Marijana , Park Joseph , Scorletti Eleonora , Seeling Katharina S. , Rendel Miriam D. , Conlon Donna M. , Huang Helen , Zandvakili Inuk , Valmiki Swati ,   Regeneron Center, Schneider Kai Markus , Hussain M. Mahmood , Rader Daniel J. 
Published: May 2023

SummaryBackgroundGenetic inactivation and pharmacologic inhibition of the microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP; gene name MTTP) inhibits hepatic secretion of VLDL, thereby reducing serum lipids and apoB at the expense of increasing hepatic steatosis.AimTo examine the effects of missense variants in MTTP on hepatic and circulating lipids.MethodsWe analysed the association of MTTP missense variants with metabolic, hepatic and clinical phenotypes in the Penn Medicine Biobank (PMBB; n = 37,960) and the UKBiobank (UKB; n = 451,444).ResultsWe analysed 24 missense variants in MTTP in PMBB for association with biopsy‐proven hepatic steatosis and found that an isoleucine 128 to threonine variant (I128T: rs3816873‐A, frequency 26%) was associated with reduced steatosis (p < 0.001). PMBB subjects with imaging‐proven steatosis also revealed significantly fewer carriers of MTTP I128T compared to controls. Analysis in UKB also showed that MTTP I128T was associated with reduced risk of hepatic steatosis. Unexpectedly, MTTP I128T was found to be associated with reduced plasma levels of LDL‐cholesterol and apoB (all p < 0.001). Functional studies indicated that MTTP I128T is neither a classic loss nor gain of function allele.ConclusionsMTTP I128T is associated with reduced hepatic steatosis as well as reduced plasma lipids and apoB. This paradoxical profile is not consistent with a simple gain or loss of function in MTP activity and suggests a more complex effect on MTP function. Further investigation of MTTP I128T will provide insight into the structure–function of MTP and potentially new approaches to modulate MTP activity that could both reduce hepatic and circulating lipids.
Ecosystem services provided by semi‐natural and intensified grasslands: Synergies, trade‐offs and linkages to plant traits and functional richness
Authors: Lindborg Regina , Hartel Tibor , Helm Aveliina , Prangel Elisabeth , Reitalu Ttriin , Ripoll‐Bosch Raimon 
Published: June 2023

AbstractQuestionSemi‐natural grasslands (SNG) are important for maintaining biodiversity and ecological processes in farmland. Current pasture‐based livestock production mainly occurs on intensified grasslands (IG) that have been agronomically improved. Although it is documented that SNG and IG differ in terms of plant diversity, their ability to provide ecosystem services (ES) in farmland is less explored. Here, we review the role of SNG and IG in delivering ES, illustrate their trade‐offs and synergies, and examine how ES can be assessed by using plant traits and functional richness.ResultsWe found that SNG generate a wider range of ES than IG. Trade‐offs exist between ES that appear more pronounced in IG between high biomass production and other ES. SNG are good in providing habitat for biodiversity, supporting pollination and cultural services. SNG also have a significantly wider range of plant functional traits and a higher functional richness, suggesting that the potential to supply ES in SNG is partly driven by higher number of species and their functional diversity.ConclusionClearer trade‐offs were found in IG compared with SNG, supported both by the literature and the functional richness. This suggests that functional knowledge could be a good complement to understand the mechanisms behind ES generation and could help with tailoring grassland management to sustain biodiversity, ecological functions and ES. Although both IG and SNG are likely needed for the long‐term sustainability of food production, both could aim for a more balanced generation of ES, increasing biodiversity and functional redundancy at the landscape scale.
Emodin promotes hepatic stellate cell senescence and alleviates liver fibrosis via a nuclear receptor (Nur77)‐mediated epigenetic regulation of glutaminase 1
Authors: Chen Li , Liang Baoyu , Xia Siwei , Wang Feixia , Li Zhanghao , Shao Jiangjuan , Zhang Zili , Chen Anping , Zheng Shizhong , Zhang Feng 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackground and PurposeSenescence in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) limits liver fibrosis. Glutaminolysis promotes HSC activation. Here, we investigated how emodin affected HSC senescence involving glutaminolysis.Experimental ApproachSenescence, glutaminolysis metabolites, Nur77 nuclear translocation, glutaminase 1 (GLS1) promoter methylation and related signalling pathways were examined in human HSC‐LX2 cells using multiple cellular and molecular approaches. Fibrotic mice with shRNA‐mediated knockdown of Nur77 were treated with emodin‐vitamin A liposome for investigating the mechanisms in vivo. Human fibrotic liver samples were examined to verify the clinical relevance.Key ResultsEmodin upregulated several key markers of senescence and inhibited glutaminolysis cascade in HSCs. Emodin promoted Nur77 nuclear translocation, and knockdown of Nur77 abolished emodin blockade of glutaminolysis and induction of HSC senescence. Mechanistically, emodin facilitated Nur77/DNMT3b interaction and increased GLS1 promoter methylation, leading to inhibited GLS1 expression and blockade of glutaminolysis. Moreover, the glutaminolysis intermediate α‐ketoglutarate promoted extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation, which in turn phosphorylated Nur77 and reduced its interaction with DNMT3b. This led to decreased GLS1 promoter methylation and increased GLS1 expression, forming an ERK/Nur77/glutaminolysis positive feedback loop. However, emodin repressed ERK phosphorylation and interrupted the feedback cascade, stimulating senescence in HSCs. Studies in mice showed that emodin‐vitamin A liposome inhibited glutaminolysis and induced senescence in HSCs, and consequently alleviated liver fibrosis; but knockdown of Nur77 abrogated these beneficial effects. Similar alterations were validated in human fibrotic liver tissues.Conclusions and ImplicationsEmodin stimulated HSC senescence through interruption of glutaminolysis. HSC‐targeted delivery of emodin represented a therapeutic option for liver fibrosis.
TRIM29 acts as a potential senescence suppressor with epigenetic activation in nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Yue Caifeng , Qian Yuanmin , Wang Chang , Chen Jiewei , Wang Jing , Wang Zifeng , Wan Xiangbo , Cao Sumei , Zhu Jingde , Tao Qian , Yan Min , Liu Quentin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractEpigenetic alterations marked by DNA methylation are frequent events during the early development of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). We identified that TRIM29 is hypomethylated and overexpressed in NPC cell lines and tissues. TRIM29 silencing not only limited the growth of NPC cells in vitro and in vivo, but also induced cellular senescence, along with reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. Mechanistically, we found that TRIM29 interacted with voltage‐dependent anion‐selective channel 1 (VDAC1) to activate mitophagy clearing up damaged mitochondria, which are the major source of ROS. In patients with NPC, high levels of TRIM29 expression are associated with an advanced clinical stage. Moreover, we detected hypomethylation of TRIM29 in patient nasopharyngeal swab DNA. Our findings indicate that TRIM29 depends on VDAC1 to induce mitophagy and prevents cellular senescence by decreasing ROS. Detection of aberrantly methylated TRIM29 in the nasopharyngeal swab DNA could be a promising strategy for the early detection of NPC.
Lymphatic vessel involvement in primary cutaneous B‐cell lymphoma: A common finding?
Authors: Bertlich Ines , Hartmann Julia , Bertlich Mattis , Hartschuh Wolfgang , Enk Alexander , Toberer Ferdinand 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundCutaneous B‐cell lymphoma (CBCL) is part of dermatopathological routine diagnostics. However, in contrast to cutaneous T‐cell lymphomas, there are only a few studies on the prevalence and possible clinical impact of lymphatic vessel involvement. Therefore, this pilot study aimed to quantify the prevalence of lymphovascular involvement in CBCL and to assess the association between lymphovascular involvement and recurrence.MethodsThirty‐nine patients from two tertiary care hospitals diagnosed with CBCL were retrospectively identified and their biopsies were histopathologically examined for the presence of lymphatic vessel involvement using H&E stain, and CD20 and D2‐40 immunohistochemistry. Clinical data were retrieved from our digital documentation files.ResultsThirty patients were included in the evaluation (nPCFCL = 15, nPCMZL = 10, and nPCLBCL = 5). Lymphovascular involvement occurred in all three types of lymphoma and was present in 14/30 specimens. The presence of lymphatic involvement did not show a significant impact on recurrence rate (p = 0.150).ConclusionsThis immunohistochemical pilot study shows that lymphovascular involvement is a relatively frequent finding in primary CBCL. Although no definitive conclusion can be drawn from our findings because of the small sample size, there were no strong signs of tendencies for recurrence in either group. Future studies with larger sample size are warranted to assess the possible clinical implications.
Feasibility and preliminary results of a call centre delivered continuing care intervention following residential alcohol and other drug treatment
Authors: Kelly Peter J. , Ingram Isabella , Deane Frank P. , Baker Amanda L. , Byrne Gerard , Degan Tayla , Osborne Briony , Meyer Johanna M. , Townsend Camilla , Nunes Jason , McKay James R. , Robinson Laura , Nolan Erin , Palazzi Kerrin , Lunn Joanne 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIntroductionTo help reduce relapse rates following alcohol and other drug (AOD) treatment, continuing care interventions have been recommended. Previous continuing care interventions have incorporated telephone and face‐to‐face sessions to help promote participant engagement. The study was conducted as a randomised controlled feasibility study and examined a call centre delivered continuing care intervention for people leaving residential rehabilitation services.MethodsParticipants were attending AOD residential treatment services in NSW, Australia (N = 154). Participants were randomised to either 12‐ or 4‐sessions of continuing care. Follow up assessments were completed at 6‐months. The primary outcomes were demand and implementation. Secondary outcomes were AOD use, mental health and physical health at 6‐months.ResultsInterest in continuing care was high, with 93% of participants approached reporting an interest in being involved. Of the participants who completed the consent and baseline procedures, 29% of people were contacted post residential treatment and randomised. For those people randomised, the average number of sessions completed was 2.78 (SD = 1.65) for the 4‐session arm and 4.81 (SD = 4.46) for the 12‐session arm. Fidelity to the treatment manual was high. Both treatment arms showed higher complete abstinence at 6‐months compared to baseline (12‐session OR 28.57 [2.3, 353.8]; 4‐session OR 28.11 [3.6, 221.2]).Discussion and ConclusionsA major challenge associated with the call centre approach was re‐engaging participants once they left the residential facility and delivering the planned dose of treatment. Further work is required to promote greater uptake of these protocols once people leave residential treatment.
Poor neutralizing antibody responses against SARS‐CoV‐2 Omicron BQ.1.1 and XBB in Norway in October 2022
Authors: Vikse Elisabeth Lea , Fossum Even , Erdal Magnhild Sekse , Hungnes Olav , Bragstad Karoline 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNew immune evasive variants of SARS‐CoV‐2 continue to emerge, potentially causing new waves of covid‐19 disease. Here, we evaluate levels of neutralizing antibodies against isolates of Omicron variants, including BQ.1.1 and XBB, in sera harvested 3–4 weeks after vaccination or breakthrough infections. In addition, we evaluate neutralizing antibodies in 32 sera from October 2022, to evaluate immunity in Norwegian donors prior to the winter season. Most serum samples harvested in October 2022 had low levels of neutralizing antibodies against BQ.1.1 and especially XBB, explaining why these variants and their descendants have dominated in Norway during the 2022 and 2023 winter season.
Subsidy strategy for reserving flexible capacity of emergency supply production
Authors: Yang Hui , Huang Yuhan , Chen Jing , Chen Bintong , Shen Yongning 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis paper investigates a government's subsidy strategy for motivating a manufacturer to set up a flexible production line for emergency supplies. Four subsidy strategies are proposed to ensure a desired service level in case of an emergency: zero subsidy, a fixed subsidy, a marginal subsidy, and a hybrid subsidy. We develop a game theoretical model to examine how the government can induce a manufacturer to set up a flexible production line that can respond promptly to an emergency, based on the manufacturer's cost structure (fixed and marginal costs). We find that when the marginal profit of an emergency product is higher than that of the manufacturer's regular product, a fixed (marginal) subsidy is the dominant strategy if the manufacturer's fixed (marginal) cost is high, while a hybrid subsidy strategy is dominant if both costs are high. When the marginal profit of an emergency product is lower than that of the manufacturer's regular product, neither a fixed subsidy nor a zero subsidy will be the dominant strategy. We also find that a marginal subsidy can ensure the effectiveness of the strategy, while a fixed subsidy helps improve strategy efficiency. We use government subsidy strategies implemented for Chinese COVID‐19 emergency supplies as examples to demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the subsidy strategies under the proposed framework. We also extend the discussion by considering the manufacturer's social consciousness.
Conceptualising Intergenerational Lived Experience: Integrating Art–Moving–Well‐Being across Disciplines, Communities and Cultures
Authors: Adams Megan , Burke Geraldine , Browne Nikki , Kent Karan , Colemane Kylie , Alfrey Laura , Lalor Aislinn , Hill Keith 
Published: May 2023

AbstractArt and movement are motivating forces in, through, and beyond education. As populations age, there is an increasing need to support physical and social well‐being. Yet, since the onset of the COVID‐19 pandemic, there has been a reported exponential increase in feelings of loneliness across generations. Complex challenges require trans‐disciplinary solutions, and this paper represents a joint effort within and across disciplines, communities and cultures to find ways to ameliorate this silent epidemic. In this paper, we propose a cross‐disciplinary conceptual framework where Aboriginal Artists and Knowledge Holders, Teacher Educators, and Physical and Occupational Therapists come together to explore theoretical and pedagogical insights that encompass intergenerational art–moving–well‐being practices, reducing feelings of loneliness and improving social connections across generations. There are two main aims of this paper; first, to better understand current studies that report on integrating art–moving–well‐being practices, and the effect this has on health and well‐being of intergenerational participants (under 10‐year‐olds, 20+ year olds and 50+ year olds). Second, based on community needs, the long‐term aim is to propose a flexible art–moving–well‐being conceptual model that is scalable, sustainable and based on social and relational support systems. We propose a model that is flexible and adaptable within and across our local community and beyond. We argue that feelings of loneliness are unique to each individual, and there is a need to connect specific intergenerational programmes with art–moving–well‐being practices that readily engage and integrate varied communities and cultures in sustainable ways and thus, contribute to thriving communities.
Adapting the retail business model to omnichannel strategy: A supply chain management perspective
Authors: Ishfaq Rafay , Darby Jessica , Gibson Brian 
Published: May 2023

AbstractRetail firms have developed new product and service offerings to meet the changing needs of omnichannel customers. While, prior research has documented these offerings in detail, little is yet known about how retail firms can best adapt different aspects of their organizations to the new omnichannel environment. We specifically focus on the intra‐firm changes that affected the role of the firm's supply chain organization and its interactions with other business entities within the retail enterprise. This paper provides an in‐depth understanding of the new business processes, organizational structures, governance mechanisms and customer interactions; collectively described as the retail business model (BM). Drawing on the tenets of BM theory, we present findings from a qualitative study of 15 leading U.S. omnichannel retailers to identify key elements of the new retail BM, develop a conceptual framework of the BM innovation process, and highlight the pivotal role of the supply chain organization in helping firms adapt and implement the omnichannel strategy. We conclude by developing research propositions to articulate the connections among different elements of the BM innovation process and how firms can institutionalize this process to respond to the everchanging retail business environment.
Mathematical modeling of beans, corn and wheat drying by fractional calculus
Authors: Ferrari Andressa Lopes , Aranha Ana Caroline Raimundini , Nascimento Flavio Mosella , Romansina Bruna Clara , de Matos Jorge Luiz Mario , Nicolin Douglas Junior , Gomes Maria Carolina Sérgi , Defendi Rafael Oliveira 
Published: May 2023

AbstractFractional calculus is a way to describe mathematically a process, and the foundation of this technique is the replacement of the integer‐order differential with fractional order. The approach used in this study was the Caputo derivative and the process analyzed was the drying of beans, corn, and wheat. The fractional order model was compared with Page and first‐order models. For beans, all the conditions analyzed demonstrated an adequate fit, some divergences were found for corn and wheat. The analysis of variance allowed the generalization of parameter k present in the fractional order model as a function of temperature and the results were a first‐degree equation, for beans and wheat, with and without humidification, and for corn, the equation was a second‐degree one; these were successful results for drying of beans, corn, and wheat in the proposed conditions.Practical applicationsFractional order model can predict the drying of beans, corn, and wheat grains with higher accuracy in comparison to traditional models applied to drying studies, indicating that the process does not follow a derivative of integer order as usually considered. According to the efficiency values obtained for the generalized model, it was verified that this model can be applied to equipment design and drying process optimization.
Passive digital markers for Alzheimer's disease and other related dementias: A systematic evidence review
Authors: Taylor Britain , Barboi Cristina , Boustani Malaz 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe timely detection of Alzheimer's disease and other related dementias (ADRD) is suboptimal. Digital data already stored in electronic health records (EHR) offer opportunities for enhancing the timely detection of ADRD by facilitating the development of passive digital markers (PDMs). We conducted a systematic evidence review to identify studies that describe the development, performance, and validity of EHR‐based PDMs for ADRD.MethodsWe searched the literature published from January 2000 to August 2022 and reviewed cross‐sectional, retrospective, or prospective observational studies with a patient population of 18 years or older, published in English that collected and interpreted original data, included EHR as a source of digital data, and had the primary purpose of supporting ADRD care. We extracted relevant data from the included studies with guidance from the Critical Appraisal and Data Extraction for Systematic Reviews of Prediction Modelling Studies checklist and used the US Preventive Services Task Force criteria to appraise each study.ResultsWe included and appraised 19 studies. Four studies were considered to have a fair quality, and none was considered to have a good quality. The functionality of the PDMs varied from detecting mild cognitive impairment, Alzheimer's disease or ADRD, to forecasting stages of ADRD. Only seven studies used a valid reference diagnostic method. Nine PDMs used only structured EHR data, and five studies provided complete information on the race and ethnicity of its population. The number of features included in the PDMs ranges from 10 to 853, and the PMDs used a variety of statistical and machine learning algorithms with various time‐at‐risk windows. The area under the curve (AUC) for the PDMs varied from 0.67 to 0.97.ConclusionAlthough we noted heterogeneity in the PDMs development and performance, there is evidence that these PDMs have the potential to detect ADRD at earlier stages.
Experienced support at work, team climate and collaboration in teams working with people with mild intellectual disabilities and severe challenging behaviour in residential care: a cross‐sectional study
Authors: Lokman S. , Frielink N. , Didden R. , Embregts P. J. C. M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundThis study explored the perceptions of staff for people with mild intellectual disabilities or borderline intellectual functioning and severe challenging behaviour in relation to the support they received at work from four groups of professionals (i.e. team leaders, managers, psychologists and other staff members). The team climate, such as the workplace having clearly defined goals for staff, was also explored. In addition, the associations between the support from each of the professionals and team climate with the well‐being and job satisfaction of staff were examined. We hypothesised that staff would perceive higher levels of support from professionals around a team (i.e. team leaders, managers and psychologists) and a more positive team climate when professionals around a team experience more positive mutual collaboration.MethodsAn online questionnaire about support at work, team climate, well‐being and job satisfaction was completed by 201 staff members from 32 teams at 10 residential service organisations. In addition, professionals surrounding these teams rated their mutual collaboration.ResultsBoth support received at work from all four groups of professionals and team climate showed significant small to moderate positive associations with job satisfaction. Well‐being was associated with support from team leaders, psychologists and other staff members in the team, as well as with team climate. We did not find support for the hypotheses that staff would perceive higher levels of support or a more positive team climate when professionals around a team experience more positive mutual collaboration.ConclusionsThis study highlights the importance of investing in staff support and creating a positive team climate for promoting staff well‐being and job satisfaction. Implications for future research regarding staff support, team climate and the collaboration between professionals around a team are discussed.