bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strategy for empowering corn farmers due to climate change in Wonoharjo Village Kemusu Boyolali
Authors: Suminah  , Anantanyu S 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Climate change causes rainfall in most parts of Indonesia to decrease. The existence of climate change causes farmers to no longer be able to use local knowledge to predict the climate, thereby reducing the level of productivity of food commodities. This often happens during the ‘pumpster’ season when farmers plant, but it turns out that it doesn’t rain as predicted after planting. Wonoharjo Village as a producer of corn is one of the villages affected by climate change due to rainfed agriculture. This study aims to determine the strategies for empowering corn farmers in Wonoharjo Village due to climate change. This research is a qualitative descriptive research. The research subjects were corn farmers who experienced climate change in Wonoharjo Village, samples were taken by snowball. Corn farmers’ adaptation strategies due to climate change have been carried out by local farmers, namely: 40 percent of farmers changed planting time, 20 percent of farmers changed plant varieties, 40 percent of farmers let their land “bero”. Relevant empowerment strategies include: creating a microclimate, improving cultivation, and strengthening group institutions.
Climate Change Impacts on Soil Moisture and Temperature in the Plain and Mountainous Regions of Gifu Prefecture, Japan
Authors: Asano Juri , Kojima Yuki , Kato Chihiro , Kamiya Kohji 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Climate change alters air temperature, precipitation, and rainfall patterns, thereby affecting the soil environment, including soil water content and temperature. The impact of climate change on soil environment varies from region to region. Therefore, it is important to evaluate the impacts of climate change on the soil environment using meteorological and soil information specific to each region. The Gifu Prefecture, Japan, has a large area and rich topographical diversity. This study aimed to elucidate the impact of climate change on the soil environment in the plain and mountainous regions of Gifu Prefecture. The present (2011–2020) and future (2091–2100) soil temperature, water content, and snow depth were calculated using HYDRUS-1D and Agro-Meteorological Grid Square Data. The analysis predicted an increase in soil temperatures by 3°C in the future. The increase in soil temperature at the plain site was larger than that at the mountainous site. The future soil water content in the plain site increased (by 0.01×10−3 m3 m−3) and that in the mountainous site decreased (by 0.67×10−3 m3 m−3). These results may differ depending on the global circulation model selected. The mountainous site indicated heavier snowfall in winter, affecting the soil water content. The plain site was more sensitive to climate change than the mountainous site with respect to soil temperature, and the mountainous site was more sensitive to climate change with respect to soil moisture. This study revealed the impacts of climate change on two regions, in the future we will expand our analysis to cover the entire Gifu prefecture.
An Overview of Extreme Storm Trends in Java Island using Storm Severity Index (SSI)
Authors: Susandi Armi , Pratama Angga Fauzan , Wijaya Aristyo Rahadian 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Extreme winds can lead to extreme storms, which are among the most frequent forms of extreme weather in Indonesia. With climate change predicted to increase the adverse impact of extreme weather, it is crucial to keep track of and gauge the severity of storm events. Storm Severity Index (SSI) can be used to measure the severity of storms, which is defined by their intensity, duration, and extent. SSI has been used in continental areas. However, the application of SSI in the maritime continent is still limited. This study explores the application of SSI to measure extreme storms in Indonesia based on wind gust speed. This study uses wind gust data in 1959-2021 from ERA5 reanalysis data and calculates the SSI based on the 98th percentile and the 50-year return value of the wind data. This study also explores the meteorological events that coincide with high SSI values. This study found the SSI able to capture high wind gust events in Java Island. This study finds high SSI value coincides with tropical cyclone events in the Indian Ocean. Topography affects the area on Java Island that has a high SSI value. Further study should evaluate the impact of the coastal and non-coastal areas to reduce the significant effect of sea-land breeze or mountain-valley breeze. In addition, future research also needs to address the significance level of the duration of events in a severe storm to enhance the information on severity.
Non-local Andreev reflection through Andreev molecular states in graphene Josephson junctions
Authors: Zsurka Eduárd , Plaszkó Noel , Rakyta Péter , Kormányos Andor 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We propose that a device composed of two vertically stacked monolayer graphene Josephson junctions can be used for Cooper pair splitting. The hybridization of the Andreev bound states of the two Josephson junction can facilitate non-local transport in this normal-superconductor hybrid structure, which we study by calculating the non-local differential conductance. Assuming that one of the graphene layers is electron and the other is hole doped, we find that the non-local Andreev reflection can dominate the differential conductance of the system. Our setup does not require the precise control of junction length, doping, or super conducting phase difference, which could be an important advantage for experimental realization.
Numerical simulation of cellular automaton in vacuum arc remelting during the solidification process
Authors: Zhu Mengmeng , Lv Gaolin , Li Xiangming , Zhou Xu 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In this paper, the finite element and cellular automaton coupling (CAFE) model is used to simulate the solidification process of a large ingot during vacuum consumable arc melting (VAR). The effects of melting temperature, melting rate, and mold cooling coefficient on temperature field distribution and solidification structure were studied by simulation. The results show that the microstructure predicted by the numerical method is consistent with the experimental results. As the melting temperature increases from 1500 °C to 1800 °C, the depth of the molten pool increases from 14 mm to 24 mm, the width of the mushy zone decreases from 10 mm to 9 mm, and the average radius of the grains increases from 584.3 μm to 679 μm. With the increase in melting rate from 6 kg min−1 to 12 kg min−1, the maximum depth of the molten pool increases from 4 mm to 32 mm, the width of the mushy zone increases from 8 mm to 13 mm, and the average grain radius decreases from 943 μm to 497 μm. As the cooling coefficient of the mold increases from 1000 W m−2·K−1 to 5000 W m−2·K−1, the depth of the molten pool decreases from 16.7 mm to 12 mm, the width of the mushy zone decreases from 7.3 mm to 5.9 mm, and the average radius of the grains increases from 630 μm to 1303.5 μm.
Magnetic-field-controlled growth of magnetoelastic phase domains in FeRh
Authors: Arregi Jon Ander , Ringe Friederike , Hajduček Jan , Gomonay Olena , Molnár Tomáš , Jaskowiec Jiří , Uhlíř Vojtěch 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Magnetic phase transition materials are relevant building blocks for developing green technologies such as magnetocaloric devices for solid-state refrigeration. Their integration into applications requires a good understanding and controllability of their properties at the micro- and nanoscale. Here, we present an optical microscopy study of the phase domains in FeRh across its antiferromagnetic–ferromagnetic phase transition. By tracking the phase-dependent optical reflectivity, we establish that phase domains have typical sizes of a few microns for relatively thick epitaxial films (200 nm), thus enabling visualization of domain nucleation, growth, and percolation processes in great detail. Phase domain growth preferentially occurs along the principal crystallographic axes of FeRh, which is a consequence of the elastic adaptation to both the substrate-induced stress and laterally heterogeneous strain distributions arising from the different unit cell volumes of the two coexisting phases. Furthermore, we demonstrate a magnetic-field-controlled directional growth of phase domains during both heating and cooling, which is predominantly linked to the local effect of magnetic dipolar fields created by the alignment of magnetic moments in the emerging (disappearing) FM phase fraction during heating (cooling). These findings highlight the importance of the magnetoelastic character of phase domains for enabling the local control of micro- and nanoscale phase separation patterns using magnetic fields or elastic stresses.
Using a computationally driven screening to enhance magnetocaloric effect of metal monoborides
Authors: Romero-Muñiz Carlos , Law Jia Yan , Moreno-Ramírez Luis M , Díaz-García Álvaro , Franco Victorino 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In most cases, substitution studies that aim to optimize magnetic properties are performed at the magnetic atomic site. However, in the case of MnB, magnetic substitutions at the Mn site significantly decrease the once promising magnetocaloric and magnetic properties. This study employs computationally directed search to optimize the magnetocaloric properties of MnB where partial substitutions of boron atoms (Mn50B50−

x
Si
x
and Mn50B50−

x
Ge
x
where x = 3.125, 6.25, and 12.5) reveal new compounds with a greater magnetocaloric effect than pure MnB at the same Curie temperature. These new compounds were obtained by arc melting the pure elements and further characterized. The computationally driven screening process is based on density functional theory calculations that do not require large databases of known compounds. This work demonstrates that using simple computational screening procedures to search for new magnetocaloric materials with improved properties can be done quickly, cost-effectively, and while maintaining reliability.
The effect of geometrical parameters on blast resistance of sandwich panels—a review
Authors: Gülcan Orhan , Günaydın Kadir , Tamer Aykut 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Many engineering structures, especially defense applications, need to be reinforced against blast loads due to a nearby explosion. Today, much more attention needs to be given to this issue because of increased exposure to explosions, and natural disasters. Different solutions have been used in the literature to mitigate blast-loading effects. One of these applications, sandwich panels, are a good candidate for blast-loading applications. In a sandwich panel structure, several parameters have considerable effects on deflections, deformations, and energy absorption capability. The most important of these parameters are: (i) the material and thickness of the front and back face sheets and core; (ii) core density and grading; (iii) core and face sheet types; (iv) filling and stiffening strategies of the core; (v) radius of curvature of the panel; (vi) mass of explosive charge; and (vii) standoff distance. The aim of this paper is to review these critical aspects of blast loading of sandwich panels to provide an overall insight into the state of the art of the application.
Experimental investigation on microhardness, surface roughness, and white layer thickness of dry EDM
Authors: Janardhana Kedri , Anushkannan N K , Dinakaran K P , Puse Ranjit Kumar , Boopathi Sampath 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In this research, the environment-friendly dry electrical discharge machining (EDM) process is investigated to improve the microhardness, surface finish, and white layer thickness of the machined surfaces using graphite-argon gas as a dielectric medium. The graphite powder, mixed with compressed argon gas, has been used to replace the existing dielectric medium in the EDM process. Gas pressure, discharge current, pulse width, and gap voltage were working as input parameters to reduce surface roughness and enhance the microhardness and white layer thickness. The Taguchi L16 orthogonal array is applied to the design and analysis of the experimental results. The minimum surface roughness (2.23 μm) of the HN31 steel has been attained by increasing the gas pressure up to 1.0 MPa and the minimum values of pulse width (40 μs), gap voltage (40 V), and discharge current (6 A). The maximum microhardness (501.04 HV) has been obtained at 1.2 MPa of gas pressure, 120 μs of pulse width, 60 V of gap voltage, and 18 A of discharge current. The maximum white layer thickness (16.24 μm) is achieved by the maximum values of gas pressure (1.2 MPa), pulse width (160 μs), gap voltage (70 V) and discharge current (18 A). The SEM analysis had been done to reveal the white recast layer thickness and surface roughness of the machined surfaces of the dry EDM process. The SR is increased by the recast layer, pores, and microcracks on the machined surfaces. Finally, the multi-criteria optimization technique: Weight Product Method (WPM) is applied to predict optimum process parameter settings: GP: 1.2 MPa, PW: 120 μs, GV: 50 V, and DC: 18 A to meet the best machining performances (MH = 493.32 HV, WLT = 14.28 μm, and SR = 3.82 μm). The validation tests were done to confirm the predicted results obtained by both the Taguchi and WSM methods.
Ferroelectric topologically configurable multilevel logic unit
Authors: Razumnaya Anna G , Tikhonov Yuri A , Vinokur Valerii M , Lukyanchuk Igor A 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Multilevel devices demonstrating switchable polarization enable us to efficiently realize neuromorphic functionalities including synaptic plasticity and neuronal activity. Here we propose using the ferroelectric logic unit comprising multiple nanodots disposed between two electrodes and coated by the dielectric material. We devise the integration of the ferroelectric logic unit, providing topologically configurable non-binary logic into a gate stack of the field-effect transistor as an analog-like device with resistive states. By controlling the charge of the gate, we demonstrate the various routes of the topological switchings between different polarization configurations in ferroelectric nanodots. Switching routes between different logic levels are characterized by hysteresis loops with multiple branches realizing specific interconnectivity regimes. The switching between different types of hysteresis loops is achieved by the variation of external fields and temperature. The devised ferroelectric multilevel devices provide a pathway toward the novel topologically-controlled implementation of discrete synaptic states in neuromorphic computing.
Long COVID Incidence in a Large US Ambulatory Electronic Health Record System
Authors: Sedgley Robert , Winer-Jones Jessamine , Bonafede Machaon 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Estimates of the prevalence of long-term symptoms of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), referred to as long COVID, vary widely. This retrospective cohort study describes the incidence of long COVID symptoms 12–20 weeks postdiagnosis in a US ambulatory care setting and identifies potential risk factors. We identified patients with and without a diagnosis of or positive test for COVID-19 between January 1, 2020, and March 13, 2022, in the Veradigm (Veradigm LLC, Chicago, Illinois) electronic health record database. We captured data on patient demographic characteristics, clinical characteristics, and COVID-19 comorbidity in the 12-month baseline period. We compared long COVID symptoms between matched cases and controls 12–20 weeks after the index date (COVID-19 diagnosis date (cases) or median visit date (controls)). Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine associations between baseline COVID-19 comorbid conditions and long COVID symptoms. Among 916,894 patients with COVID-19, 14.8% had at least 1 long COVID symptom in the 12–20 weeks postindex as compared with 2.9% of patients without documented COVID-19. Commonly reported symptoms were joint stiffness (4.5%), cough (3.0%), and fatigue (2.7%). Among patients with COVID-19, the adjusted odds of long COVID symptoms were significantly higher among patients with a baseline COVID-19 comorbid condition (odds ratio = 1.91, 95% confidence interval: 1.88, 1.95). In particular, prior diagnosis of cognitive disorder, transient ischemic attack, hypertension, or obesity was associated with higher odds of long COVID symptoms.
Effect of a FIT-Based Colorectal Cancer Screening Program on Mortality Estimated by the Regression Discontinuity Design
Authors: Thomsen Mette K , Nicolaisen Sia K , Pedersen Lars , Lash Timothy L , Erichsen Rune , Sørensen Henrik Toft , Mikkelsen Ellen M 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The fecal immunochemical test (FIT) has been implemented in colorectal cancer (CRC) screening programs, but effect evaluations are lacking. We evaluated the effect of a positive FIT on all-cause and CRC mortality using the regression discontinuity design. The Danish CRC screening program invites all residents 50–74 years old, using a 20-μg hemoglobin/g feces cutoff for colonoscopy referral. In this cohort study, we followed all first-time screening participants from 2014–2019 until 2020. We estimated the local effect of screening results, of just above the cutoff vs. just below, as hazard ratios (HRs) between models fitted at each side of the cutoff. We conducted the analysis within a narrow hemoglobin range (≥17 and &lt;23, n = 16,428) and a wider range (≥14 and &lt;26, n = 35,353). Those screened just above the cutoff had lower all-cause mortality compared with below (HR = 0.87, 95% confidence interval: 0.69; 1.10), estimated from the narrow range. The CRC mortality analysis had few outcomes. In the wider range, those with a FIT just above the cutoff had a lower hazard of CRC mortality compared with just below the cutoff (HR = 0.49, 95% confidence interval: 0.17; 1.41). A FIT result just above the cutoff, leading to referral to colonoscopy, pointed towards reduced all-cause and CRC mortality compared with just below the cutoff.
Improved Patient Satisfaction With Skin After Treatment of Cheek Skin Roughness and Fine Lines With VYC-12L: Participant-Reported Outcomes From a Prospective, Randomized Study
Authors: Chiu Annie , Montes Jose Raul , Munavalli Girish , Shamban Ava , Chawla Smita , Abrams Steve 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background
VYC-12L is a hyaluronic acid filler to improve skin quality. A prospective study showed safety and effectiveness of VYC-12L for improving cheek skin smoothness and fine lines.

Objectives
To report participant-reported outcomes, subgroup analyses, and physician experience from the prospective study.

Methods
Adults with moderate to severe Allergan Cheek Skin Smoothness (ACSS) scale scores were randomized 2:1 to VYC-12L or control (no treatment with optional treatment). Participant assessments included FACE-Q Satisfaction With Skin, FACE-Q Appraisal of Lines, natural look and feel, the Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS), and safety. Subgroup analyses examined ACSS responder rate (≥1-grade improvement from baseline to 1 month).

Results
FACE-Q Satisfaction With Skin overall mean scores improved from baseline to 1 month posttreatment by 32.0 and 1.4 in the VYC-12L and control groups, respectively. FACE-Q Appraisal of Lines overall mean scores improved from baseline to 1 month posttreatment by 23.3 and 0.4 in VYC-12L and control, respectively. Treated participants had high median scores (≥9.0) of natural look and feel of their cheek skin. GAIS responder rate was high at Month 1 (85.5%; 95% CI, 79.3%-91.7%) and through Month 6 (83.1%; 95% CI, 76.5%-89.7%). Mean participant-rated pain scores were low (&lt;3). The most common injection site reactions were redness, swelling, and lumps/bumps; most resolved within 3 days. Subgroup analyses showed significant differences in ACSS responder rate between VYC-12L and control groups 1 month posttreatment. Physician injectors reported that VYC-12L was easily injected at the superficial skin and integrated quickly.

Conclusions
VYC-12L treatment produced significant improvements in satisfaction with skin and cheek skin smoothness, as measured by participant-reported outcome measures.

Level of Evidence: 2
Heterologous expression of the lectin CmRlec from Cordyceps militaris (Cordycipitaceae, Ascomycota) in Escherichia coli
Authors: Ono Akiko , Zhang Jili , Tanaka Yuki , Sato Chihiro , Yoda Akiyoshi , Ogata Makoto , Nomura Takahito , Suzuki Tomohiro 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
Ascomycete lectins may play an important role in their life cycle. In this report, we mined a ricin B-type lectin, named CmRlec, from the Cordyceps militaris genome by homology search. Furthermore, we succeeded in the soluble expression of CmRlec using β-glucuronidase as a solubilization tag and demonstrated that this lectin is a novel chitin-recognizing lectin.
Evolink: a phylogenetic approach for rapid identification of genotype–phenotype associations in large-scale microbial multispecies data
Authors: Yang Yiyan , Jiang Xiaofang 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Motivation
The discovery of the genetic features that underly a phenotype is a fundamental task in microbial genomics. With the growing number of microbial genomes that are paired with phenotypic data, new challenges, and opportunities are arising for genotype-phenotype inference. Phylogenetic approaches are frequently used to adjust for the population structure of microbes but scaling them to trees with thousands of leaves representing heterogeneous populations is highly challenging. This greatly hinders the identification of prevalent genetic features that contribute to phenotypes that are observed in a wide diversity of species.

Results
In this study, Evolink was developed as an approach to rapidly identify genotypes associated with phenotypes in large-scale multispecies microbial datasets. Compared with other similar tools, Evolink was consistently among the top-performing methods in terms of precision and sensitivity when applied to simulated and real-world flagella datasets. In addition, Evolink significantly outperformed all other approaches in terms of computation time. Application of Evolink on flagella and gram-staining datasets revealed findings that are consistent with known markers and supported by the literature. In conclusion, Evolink can rapidly detect phenotype-associated genotypes across multiple species, demonstrating its potential to be broadly utilized to identify gene families associated with traits of interest.

Availability and implementation
The source code, docker container, and web server for Evolink are freely available at https://github.com/nlm-irp-jianglab/Evolink.