bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of the omicron phase on a highly advanced medical facility in Japan
Authors: Yamagishi Hirokazu , Tamura Daisuke , Aoyagi Jun , Suzuki Shun , Mizobe Yoshitaka , Wakae Keizo , Yamagata Takanori , Tajima Toshihiro , Osaka Hitoshi 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundEight waves of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic have been observed in Japan. This retrospective study was conducted to clarify the clinical characteristics of pediatric COVID-19 patients.MethodsWe studied 121 patients admitted to the Jichi Children's Medical Center Tochigi between April 2020 and March 2023. Incidence of pediatric COVID-19 in Tochigi Prefecture was used to examine hospitalization and severe illness rates.ResultsThe mean age of the patients was 3 years and 8 months. One hundred and eleven patients (91.7%) were hospitalized after January 2022 (after the 6th wave), when the Omicron strain became endemic in Japan. Convulsions occurred in 30 patients (24.8%), all of whom were admitted after the 6th wave. Twenty-three of the 30 patients had no underlying disease. Eleven patients (9.1%) were diagnosed with acute encephalopathy. One patient died due to hemorrhagic shock and encephalopathy syndrome and two had sequelae after the 6th wave. The patient who died due to encephalopathy had hypercytokinemia. In the Tochigi Prefecture, the number of pediatric COVID-19 patients increased after the 6th wave, but the hospitalization rate declined. The rate of severe illness did not change before the end of 5th and after the 6th wave.ConclusionAlthough the rate of severe illness in patients with pediatric COVID-19 did not increase after the 6th wave, some patients had complicated critical illnesses. Systemic inflammatory reaction was considered to have been associated with the severe encephalopathy.
Preparation of a Sunitinib loaded microemulsion for ocular delivery and evaluation for the treatment of corneal neovascularization in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Shi Jieran , Yang Jingjing , Xu Haohang , Luo Qing , Sun Jun , Zhang Yali , Liang Zhen , Zhao Ningmin , Zhang Junjie 
Published: July 2023

Background: Corneal neovascularization (CNV) is a pathological condition that can disrupt corneal transparency, thus harming visual acuity. However, there is no effective drug to treat CNV. Sunitinib (STB), a small-molecule multiple receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, was shown to have an effect on CNV. The purpose of this study was to develop an STB microemulsion (STB-ME) eye drop to inhibit CNV by topical application.Methods: We successfully prepared an STB-ME by the phase inversion emulsification method, and the physicochemical properties of STB-MEs were investigated. The short-term storage stability, cytotoxicity to human corneal epithelial cells, drug release, ocular irritation, ocular pharmacokinetics and the inhibitory effect on CNV were evaluated in vitro and in vivo.Results: The optimal formulation of STB-ME is composed of oleic acid, CRH 40, Transcutol P, water and sodium hyaluronate (SH). It is a uniform spherical particle with a mean droplet size of 18.74 ± 0.09 nm and a polydispersity index of 0.196 ± 0.004. In the in vitro drug release results, STB-ME showed sustained release and was best fitted by a Korsmeyer-Peppas model (R2 = 0.9960). The results of the ocular pharmacokinetics in rabbits showed that the formulation containing SH increased the bioavailability in the cornea (2.47-fold) and conjunctiva (2.14-fold). STB-ME (0.05% and 0.1%), administered topically, suppressed alkali burn-induced CNV in mice more effectively than saline, and high-dose (0.1%) STB-ME had similar efficacy to dexamethasone (0.025%).Conclusion: This study provides a promising formulation of STB-ME for the inhibition of CNV by topical administration, which has the excellent characteristics of effectiveness, sustained release and high ocular bioavailability.
Polysaccharides from natural resource: ameliorate type 2 diabetes mellitus via regulation of oxidative stress network
Authors: He Li-Ying , Li Yong , Niu Shu-Qi , Bai Jing , Liu Si-Jing , Guo Jin-Lin 
Published: July 2023

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia that can occur in children, adults, elderly people, and pregnant women. Oxidative stress is a significant adverse factor in the pathogenesis of DM, especially type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and metabolic syndrome. Natural polysaccharides are macromolecular compounds widely distributed in nature. Some polysaccharides derived from edible plants and microorganisms were reported as early as 10 years ago. However, the structural characterization of polysaccharides and their therapeutic mechanisms in diabetes are relatively shallow, limiting the application of polysaccharides. With further research, more natural polysaccharides have been reported to have antioxidant activity and therapeutic effects in diabetes, including plant polysaccharides, microbial polysaccharides, and polysaccharides from marine organisms and animals. Therefore, this paper summarizes the natural polysaccharides that have therapeutic potential for diabetes in the past 5 years, elucidating their pharmacological mechanisms and identified primary structures. It is expected to provide some reference for the application of polysaccharides, and provide a valuable resource for the development of new diabetic drugs.
Residents’ participation in energy performance certification for collective action on climate change: the case of EnerGuide
Authors: Chen Xinyu , Gou Zhonghua , Zhang Huihua 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionAlthough governments have launched energy performance certification (EPC) programs to increase residential energy efficiency, residents’ perception and acceptance of these programs have been little studied. This study contextualizes residents’ intentions to participate in EPC programs in terms of their attributions to and attitudes toward climate change to find mediating factors and effects to help trigger collective action to reduce residential sector energy demand.MethodsThis study employed a partial least squares structural equation modeling approach to empirically analyze a survey conducted on 400 residents of Edmonton, Canada, who participated in the Canadian energy efficiency rating and labeling program, EnerGuide.Results and DiscussionUsing EnerGuide, a Canadian energy efficiency rating and labeling program, as an example, this study establishes a framework to explain that local residents’ internal and external attributions to climate change elicit positive attitudes (need to take action), increasing their recognition of energy efficiency program benefits, which further promotes their EnerGuide program acceptance and participation intentions. This study also reveals the mediating effects between variables. Residents’ attitudes toward climate change mediate the relationship between internal/external attributions and EnerGuide program acceptance, and they indirectly impact residents’ program acceptance and participation intentions, with this effect moderated by energy efficiency program benefits. Residents’ program acceptance also mediates the relationship between climate change attitudes/energy efficiency program benefits and the intention outcome.ImplicationThe study provides an example of the use of climate change discourse to motivate residents’ energy efficiency program participation.
Beyond physical health: the role of psychosocial challenges and stigma in tackling the COVID-19 pandemic—A scoping review
Authors: Jain Lakshit , Bhivandkar Siddhi , Baqir Huma , Shoib Sheikh , Nimavat Nirav , Mohan Anmol , Zubair Aarij Shakil , Jawad Muhammad Youshay , Muhammed Nazar , Ahmed Rizwan , Sachdeva Vishi , Ahmed Saeed 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundThe socio-cultural response to the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the level of adherence to evidence-based guidelines played a crucial role in determining the morbidity and mortality outcomes during the pandemic. This review aims to evaluate the impact of stigma and psycho-socio-cultural challenges on efforts to control the COVID-19 pandemic and to identify ways to mitigate such challenges in future pandemics.MethodsUsing keywords including COVID-19, coronavirus, stigma, psychosocial challenges, and others, the authors searched seven major databases with a time limitation of July 2021, which yielded 2,038 results. Out of these, 15 papers were included in this review.ResultsThe findings of the review indicated that several psychosocial, socio-economic, and ethno-cultural factors are linked to the transmission and control of COVID-19. The research revealed that stigma and related psychosocial challenges and others, such as anxiety, fear, and stigma-driven social isolation, have resulted in significant mental health problems.DiscussionThe review underscores the negative impact of stigma on COVID-19 patients, survivors, and the general population. Addressing stigma and psychosocial challenges is crucial to effectively manage the current pandemic and to prevent similar challenges during future public health crises.
In vitro and in vivo evaluation of chlorhexidine salts as potential alternatives to potassium dichromate for Eimeria maxima M6 oocyst preservation
Authors: Laverty Lauren , Beer Lesleigh C. , Martin Kristen , Hernandez-Velasco Xochitl , Juarez-Estrada Marco A. , Arango-Cardona Marcela , Forga Aaron J. , Coles Makenly E. , Vuong Christine N. , Latorre Juan D. , Señas-Cuesta Roberto , Loeza Ileana , Gray Latasha S. , Barta John R. , Hargis Billy M. , Tellez-Isaias Guillermo , Graham Brittany D. 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionCoccidiosis caused by the Eimeria spp., an Apicomplexan protozoon, is a major intestinal disease that affects the poultry industry. Although most cases of coccidiosis are subclinical, Eimeria infections impair bird health and decrease overall performance, which can result in compromised welfare and major economic losses. Viable sporulated Eimeria oocysts are required for challenge studies and live coccidiosis vaccines. Potassium dichromate (PDC) is typically used as a preservative for these stocks during storage. Although effective and inexpensive, PDC is also toxic and carcinogenic. Chlorhexidine (CHX) salts may be a possible alternative, as this is a widely used disinfectant with less toxicity and no known carcinogenic associationsMethodsIn vitro testing of CHX gluconate and CHX digluconate exhibited comparable oocyst integrity and viability maintenance with equivalent bacteriostatic and bactericidal activity to PDC. Subsequent use of CHX gluconate or digluconate-preserved Eimeria oocysts, cold-stored at 4°C for 5 months, as the inoculum also resulted in similar oocyst shedding and recovery rates when compared to PDC-preserved oocysts.Results and discussionThese data show that using 0.20% CHX gluconate could be a suitable replacement for PDC. Additionally, autofluorescence was used as a method to evaluate oocyst viability. Administration of artificially aged oocysts exhibiting &gt;99% autofluorescence from each preserved treatment resulted in no oocyst output for CHX salt groups.
Alzheimer’s Disease – Identification and Treatment in the Republic of Belarus: are Changes Continuing for the Better?
Authors: Евсегнеев Р.А. 
Published: July 2023

В статье обсуждается положение дел в области распространенности среди населения, полноты выявляемости, ситуации с лечением и организацией помощи пациентам с альцгеймеровской деменцией в Республике Беларусь. Проанализированы изменения, происходящие в этой области на протяжении последних лет. Отмечен некоторый, хотя еще и явно недостаточный, прогресс в этой области за последнее пятилетие. Основная область прогресса – постепенное увеличение числа и удельного веса пациентов, получающих лечение донепезилом и мемантином. Основные недостатки – низкий уровень выявляемости болезни Альцгеймера, резкое преобладание в структуре деменций ее сосудистых форм, а также несвоевременное начало лечения. Обсуждаются возникающие при этом трудности и барьеры, главные из которых – традиционный перекос диагностики в сторону сосудистой деменции, недостаточное участие врачей иных специальностей, прежде всего неврологов и врачей первичного звена, в раннем распознавании и своевременном начале лечения, а также несформированность системы помощи этим пациентам на разных этапах заболевания.
The article discusses the state of affairs in the field of prevalence in the population, completeness of detection, situation with treatment and organization of the care for patients with Alzheimer’s disease in Belarus. The development in this area over the last few years are analysed. Some, though still insufficient, progress has been noted over the last five years. The main area of the progress is the increase in number and proportion of the patients treated with donepezile and memantine. The main drawbacks are the low detection rate of Alzheimer’s disease, the dramatic predominance of the vascular forms in the dementia structure, and the late initiation of treatment. The difficulties and barriers are also discussed, the main ones being the traditional bias toward vascular dementia, the lack of involvement of other specialists, primary neurologists and GPs in early detection and initiation of the treatment as well as the lack of system of care for the patients at different stages of the disease.
Cell Therapy for Alzheimer’s Disease Using Biomedical Cellular Products Based on Stem Cells: A Review of the Scientific Literature
Authors: Ванькович А.А. 
Published: July 2023

Болезнь Альцгеймера (БА) является нейродегенеративным заболеванием с медленным прогрессированием, которое характеризуется внеклеточными бета-амилоидными (Aβ) бляшками, нейрофибриллярными клубками, состоящими из гиперфосфорилированного тау-белка, гибелью нейронов, потерей синапсов и атрофией головного мозга. Существующие методы лечения были протестированы для улучшения или эффективного изменения течения БА. Данные исследований животных моделей с БА указывают на эффективность трансплантации стволовых клеток в виде снижения когнитивного дефицита. Этот метод терапии продемонстрировал свои преимущества в улучшении когнитивных нарушений и дисфункции памяти. Однако процедура введения стволовых клеток сопровождается определенными недостатками или ограничениями. В данном обзоре представлены модели БА у грызунов, терапевтическая эффективность стволовых клеток, влияющие факторы и лежащие в основе этих изменений механизмы. Терапия стволовыми клетками открывает перспективы и проблемы для ее клинического применения в будущем.
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder with long progressive period, which is characterized by extracellular amyloid beta (Aβ) plaques, neurofibrillary tangles composed of hyperphosphorylated tau, neuronal death, synapse loss, and brain atrophy. Existing therapeutical methods have been tested to improve or to change AD progress effectively. Research data of animal models with Alzheimer’s disease indicates that the transplantation of stem cells can be effective in decrease cognitive deficits. This method of treatment has shown it advantages in improving cognitive impairments and memory dysfunction. However, the procedure of stem cells application is accompanied by certain weaknesses or limitations. This review recapitulates rodent models for AD, the therapeutic efficacy of stem cells, influencing factors, and the underlying mechanisms behind these changes. Stem cell therapy provides perspective and challenges for its clinical application in the future.
Neurocognition Profile, Negative аnd Affective Symptoms in Schizophrenia: Structure and Relations
Authors: Петрова Н.Н. 
Published: July 2023

В работе представлены результаты исследования выраженности, структуры и взаимосвязей негативных, аффективных и когнитивных нарушений на примере 40 пациентов с шизофренией. Применялась клинико-шкальная оценка. В структуре заметно выраженного нейрокогнитивного дефицита у пациентов с шизофренией преобладают нарушения слухоречевой памяти, исполнительных функций, внимания. Нейрокогнитивный дефицит, в частности ухудшение исполнительных функций, нарастает с увеличением длительности заболевания. Негативная симптоматика выражена умеренно с доминированием ангедонии и асоциальности, связана с дезорганизацией мышления и бредовой настроенностью. Связь негативных симптомов с депрессивным симптомом «безнадежность» отражает вклад депрессии в формирование вторичных негативных симптомов. В структуре аффективных нарушений при шизофрении доминируют гипотимия, безнадежность и суицидальные тенденции. У пациентов с доминирующей негативной симптоматикой депрессия выражена меньше. Наличие экстрапирамидной побочной симптоматики вносит существенный вклад в развитие вторичной негативной симптоматики, ангедонии, асоциальности и притупленного аффекта, ухудшает слухоречевую память. Осуществлен сетевой анализ симптоматики с выделением центральных симптомов.
The paper presents the results of a study of the severity, structure and relationships of negative, affective and cognitive disorders in 40 patients with schizophrenia as an example. A clinical scale assessment was used. In the structure of a markedly pronounced neurocognitive deficit in patients with schizophrenia, disturbances in auditory-verbal memory, executive functions, and attention predominate. Neurocognitive deficit, in particular, the deterioration of executive functions, increases with the duration of the disease. Negative symptoms are moderately expressed with the dominance of anhedonia and asociality, associated with the disorganization of thinking and delusional mood. The association of negative symptoms with the depressive symptom "hopelessness" reflects the contribution of depression to the formation of secondary negative symptoms. The structure of affective disorders in schizophrenia is dominated by hypothymia, hopelessness and suicidal tendencies. In patients with dominant negative symptoms, depression is less pronounced. The presence of extrapyramidal side effects makes a significant contribution to the development of secondary negative symptoms, anhedonia, asociality and blunted affect, and impairs auditory-speech memory. A network analysis of symptoms was carried out with the allocation of central symptoms.
Relación entre inteligencia emocional y el manejo del estrés académico en los estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Gusqui Bonilla Katherin Mishell , Galárraga Andrade Anabela Salomé 
Published: July 2023

El estrés académico es considerado el enemigo silencioso de los estudiantes porque provoca problemas emocionales, cognitivos y físicos. La conexión entre inteligencia emocional y el manejo del estrés escolar en alumnos universitarios es el tema de la presente investigación que tiene como objetivo determinar la relación entre las variables. Se utilizaron métodos cuantitativos, correlacionales y transversales, en este estudio se obtuvo por métodos estadísticos una población no probabilística de 257 estudiantes del primer y último semestre de las carreras de educación, básica, educación inicial, psicopedagogía y pedagogía etnia y de lenguas extranjeras de la Facultad de Humanidades, Ciencia y Tecnología en una universidad pública del Ecuador. Como herramienta para la valoración de la inteligencia emocional la aplicación del Trail Meta_Mood Scale-24 y la evaluación del manejo del estrés académico se realizó el inventario SISCO junto con documentos sociodemográficos y un consentimiento informado, en los resultados en el octavo semestre los estudiantes presentaron mejor inteligencia emocional y no se encontraron altos niveles de estrés académico en ambos semestres, pero sí niveles bajos de estrategias de manejo del estrés, en conclusión, se encontró una relación significativa entre las variables.
Analisis Kelelahan Propeller Tipe Kaplan-Series Untuk Kapal Selam Komersial Dengan Variasi Jumlah Blade
Authors: Ayi Al Ma'rif La Ode Muh. 
Published: July 2023

Pada beberapa tahun terakhir, desain dari sistem propulsi kapal telah meningkat secara signifikan, termasuk pada desain propeller. Desain dan pengembangan propeller untuk kapal selam iberbeda dengan kapal-kapal pada umumnya. Dalam proses desainnya sendiri meliputi perkiraan kecepatan, kekuatan, dan berat seperti desain pada umumnya. Propeller sendiri merupakan salah satu alat gerak kapal mekanik yang memberikan kekuatan dengan mengubah rotasi gerak kegaya dorong, propeller sendiri terdiri dari beberapa blade dan beroprasi seperti perputaran pada skrup. Propeler pada umumnya, diletakkan pada kedudukan terendah pada bagian belakang kapal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui usia maksimum dari propeller, khususnya untuk tipe Kaplan-series dengan jumlah blade 6, 8, dan 10. Penelitian ini menggunakaniFinitei Element Method dengan bantuan aplikasi analisis static structural. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa nilai usia paling panjang akan bertambah seiring dengan bertambahnya jumlah blade pada propeller.
Analisis Pengaruh Ketinggian Transom Terhadap Thrust Propeller Menggunakan Metode CFD
Authors: Gafur Abdul , Haryono Edi , Barlianta Iqbal , Pramesti Leli , Witjonarko Erdimas Endro 
Published: July 2023

Smart Autopilot Unmanned Ship (SAUS) merupakan kapal penelitian ikan yang belum dipasang mesin tempel sebagai penggeraknya. Perhitungan hambatan kapal dilakukan untuk memilih mesin tempel yang optimal. Hasil perhitungan tahanan didapatkan nilai sebesar 0,5 kN dengan menggunakan software Maxsurf Resistance. Mesin tempel yang dipilih adalah Yamaha F20 CMH. Pada penelitian ini gaya dorong propeller pada kapal SAUS dianalisa dengan 3 variasi yaitu ketinggian transom (sesuai desain 0,6 meter, 0,573 meter, dan 0,548 meter). Analisis dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD). Hasil akhir dari penelitian ini adalah variasi tinggi 0,548 meter merupakan variasi maksimum. Gaya dorong yang dihasilkan sebesar 806,227 N dan torsi propeler sebesar 143,152 Nm dan kecepatan aliran fluida yang dihasilkan oleh putaran propeler sebesar 4,63113 m/s.
Damped oscillation of a magnetically-trapped superconducting micro-particle in superfluid helium: measurement of viscosity based on a hydrodynamic analysis
Authors: Sasaki Shota , Naoi Jun , Takamune Masato , Kondo Daisei , Takahashi Yuta , Kumakura Mitsutaka , Ashida Masaaki , Moriwaki Yoshiki 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
We have developed a trap of a single superconducting micro-particle using a quadrupole magnetic field in superfluid helium. By displacing the particle from a stable static position and then releasing it, the particle was observed to oscillate around the stable position. Analyzing the damped oscillation, we have demonstrated the measurement of the viscosity of superfluid helium.
PENGARUH LATIHAN MULTIBALL TERHADAP KETEPATAN SASARAN STROKE FOREHAND DAN BACKHAND FAST SPIN PADA ATLET TENIS MEJA PTM TARUNA BAJANG MATARAM
Authors: Dika Pratama dan Nurdin  
Published: July 2023

Rendahnya kemampuan ketepatan sasaran stroke forehand dan backhand fast spin pada atlet tenis meja PTM Taruna Bajang Mataram. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh latihan multiball terhadap ketepatan sasaran stroke forehand dan backhand fast spin pada atlet tenis meja PTM Taruna Bajang Mataram. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen. Populasi dari penelitian ini adalah atlet tenis meja PTM Taruna Bajang Mataram yang berjumlah 16 orang. Pengambilan data menggunakan tes dengan instrumen kemampuan ketepatan stroke forehand dan backhand fast spin. Teknik analisis data menggunakan uji-t. Hasil penelitian dan analisa data terhadap pengaruh latihan multiball terhadap ketetapan sasaran stroke forehand didapatkan hasil t- hitung lebih besar dari pada t- tabel (8,476>1,753) dan pengaruh latihan multiball terhadap ketetapan sasaran backhand fast spin didapatkan (9,803>1,753) maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa dalam penelitian ini ada pengaruh latihan multiball terhadap ketetapan sasaran stroke forehand dan backhand fast spin pada, Atlet Tenis Meja PTM Taruna Bajang Mataram.