bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combining Structural and Sequential Ambidexterity: A Configurational Approach Using fsQCA
Authors: Sun Xiuxia , Rong Na , Sun Mouxuan , Zhu Fangwei 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTStructural and sequential ambidexterity are proved to be two prevalent approaches in managing tension between exploration and exploitation. Dominant studies have treated the two approaches as mutually exclusive but have provided less insight about their combination, and the organizational configurations that advance such combination, which is a major meaningful gap explored in the current study. This study aims to explore the configurations of organization design choices to combine structural and sequential approaches from a holistic perspective. We apply fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) to analyze the empirical data collected from 102 firms in China. The results show that firms attain high ambidexterity with both separated and blended configurations. Blended ones demonstrate that the structural and sequential approaches can be combined in a way that one approach dominates and the other subordinates. Organizational design mechanisms regarding the configurations for combining structural and sequential approaches are concluded as multielements (complements and substitutes) and multilevels (fit and interaction). These findings are also interpreted through the Chinese ‘Yin-Yang’ framework, which introduces ‘Yin-Yang balancing’ into the ambidexterity literature.
The prospects for European aerospace transporters - Part II: A design concept for a minimum-cost aerospace transporter
Authors: Ashford D. M. , Collins P. Q. 
Published: March 2023

SummaryThis is the second part of a paper on aerospace transporters (i.e. fully reusable aeroplane-like piloted launch vehicles) and describes a design concept intended to meet short-term European requirements at minimum development cost. It is generally similar to the European aerospace transporters studied in the 1960s but uses technology developed since then for such projects as Concorde, Spacelab, Ariane and the Space Shuttle.It is concluded that such a vehicle could be built with more or less existing technology, and, using the costing approach described in the first part of the paper, that the development cost should be less than that of the semi-reusable Hermes/ Ariane 5 combination. A full feasibility study is recommended to check these conclusions.
Large amplitude oscillation effects on cone pitch stability in viscous hypersonic flow
Authors: Hutt G. R. , East R. A. , Wilson R. D. 
Published: March 2023

SummaryExperimental and theoretical, small and large amplitude stability data are presented for a pointed and a 0.2 bluntness ratio, 10° semi-angle cone performing pitching oscillations in hypersonic flow at a Mach number of 6.85. Analysis identifies that large amplitude model motion time histories cannot be predicted from a knowledge of small amplitude oscillation stability derivatives data. At the Reynolds numbers of the experiments the pointed and blunted cone are subject to significant hypersonic flow viscous phenomena, which are proposed as the cause of the small to large amplitude stability prediction being invalid.
On the ‘inverse phugoid problem’ as an instance of non-linear stability in pitch
Authors: Campos L. M. B. C. , Aguiar A. J. N. M. 
Published: March 2023

SummaryThe motion of an aircraft along a straight flight path inclined to the vertical is considered from an arbitrary initial velocity which may be far from steady flight speeds. The velocity and incidence, as a function of distance or time, provide a solution to the ‘inverse phugoid problem’ of finding the control laws that keep an aircraft on a straight flight path by exactly cancelling the phugoid instability (the short period mode is omitted by neglecting the rotational inertia of the aircraft). This is a non-linear problem, namely finding the motion of an aircraft from an initial condition far removed from a stable steady state, or finding the large amplitude deviations from an unstable equilibrium. The stability and instability problems are solved analytically using the following assumptions:
(i)the aircraft flies subsonically so that only form and induced drag need be considered;(ii)the thrust consists of a constant term, minus a term specifying a dependence on velocity similar to that of the total drag; and(iii)the aircraft incidence is away from stall so that lift is a linear function of incidence.The response curves show that:
(i)flight at velocities below the lower steady flight speed, which is unstable, is difficult to maintain due to fast divergence towards the stall; and(ii)for an initial velocity above the lower steady flight speed, there is convergence towards the higher steady flight speed.The convergence, in the latter case (ii), may be slow along a straight flight path, although it can be hastened by suitable manoeuvres.
On a pitch control law for a constant glide slope through windshears
Authors: Campos L. M. B. C. 
Published: March 2023

SummaryThe equations of motion of an aircraft flying at a constant glide slope (Fig. 3), in the presence of arbitrary head- or tailwinds, and up- or downflows is considered. The equations are integrated analytically, in the case of an aircraft initially on a steady flight, perturbed by winds of ‘moderate’ strength, in the sense that the wind velocity is not negligible compared to the aircraft's steady speed, but the ratio of their squares is much smaller than unity. The case of an approach through a downburst (Fig. 1), leads to winds which can be simplified to a one-period sinusoidal wind along the flight path, changing from head- to tailwind, at the peak of a superimposed downflow (Fig. 2), of half-period sinusoidal shape, and this is discussed in some detail. Data sheets are presented for three combinations of amplitudes of the head-to-tailwind and downflow; each contains plots of the scheduling of incidence that exactly cancels windshear effects, and of the groundspeed a'nd airspeed profiles which will keep the aircraft flying along the original glide slope. Each plot is given for a range of values of the windshear susceptibility parameter, representing aircraft with small or large inertia, with high or low approach speeds, including light aircraft, jet fighters and large transports; the cancellation of windshear effects isachievable only if the incidence schedule lies wholly below the stall limit. Since the rotational inertia of the aircraft is neglected, the short period mode is absent, and the pitch control acts to cancel the ‘phugoid’ instability induced on the aircraft by the wind profiles typical of a microburst.
The effect of flow curvature on the aerodynamic characteristics of an ogive-cylinder body
Authors: Llewelyn-Davies D. I. T. P 
Published: March 2023

SummaryThe pressure distributions over a 6:1 fineness ratio ogive cylinder model have been obtained over a wide pitch range in the rectilinear flow provided by the CoA 8 ft x 6 ft low speed wind tunnel and the curvilinear motion provided by the CoA Whirling Arm facility. The pressure distributions were integrated first to obtain the local normal-force loading distribution along the body and then the overall normal-force and pitching moment and hence the centre of normal-force.A comparison of the results showed that the main difference between the aerodynamic characteristics was a considerable positive increase in normal-force loading over the whole of the afterbody in curvilinear motion which varied little with the magnitude or sign of the pitch angle. Some smaller changes were also apparent in the forebody loading characteristics. These changes resulted in the body developing considerably more normal-force and nose-down pitching moment in curvilinear motion than in rectilinear flow with the resultant large rearward movement of the centre of normalforce.It was found possible to estimate the main features of the loadings, but the theoretical methods available did not predict very well the variations in loading obtained experimentally at the extreme beginning and end of the parallel afterbody.
Unified super/hypersonic similitude for steady and oscillating cones and ogives
Authors: Ghosh Kunal 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA unified similitude for super/hypersonic flow has been given for non-slender cones and quasicones with attached shock. The similitude space has been shown to be orthogonal to the bow shock and an accurate scaling law for cone flows of different Mach numbers has been provided. A constant density solution has been obtained which gives simple formulas for shock angle and pressure on a cone. This leads to an axisymmetric shock expansion theory which incorporates the effect of profile curvature of an ogive in inviscid flow or a cone in viscous flow whose boundary layer displacement thickness is known a priori. The hypersonic formulas for pitching moment derivatives of oscillating cones and ogives have been adjusted to extend them to supersonic Mach numbers.
Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy v. treatment as usual in people with bipolar disorder: A multicentre, randomised controlled trial
Authors: Hanssen Imke , Huijbers Marloes , Regeer Eline , Lochmann van Bennekom Marc , Stevens Anja , van Dijk Petra , Boere Elvira , Havermans Rob , Hoenders Rogier , Kupka Ralph , Speckens Anne E. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundMindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) seems a promising intervention for bipolar disorder (BD), but there is a lack of randomised controlled trials (RCT) investigating this. The purpose of this multicentre, evaluator blinded RCT was to investigate the added value of MBCT to treatment as usual (TAU) in BD up to 15 months follow-up (NCT03507647).MethodsA total of 144 participants with BD type I and II were randomised to MBCT + TAU (n = 72) and TAU (n = 72). Primary outcome was current depressive symptoms. Secondary outcomes were current (hypo)manic and anxiety symptoms, recurrence rates, rumination, dampening of positive affect, functional impairment, mindfulness skills, self-compassion, and positive mental health. Potential moderators of treatment outcome were examined.ResultsMBCT + TAU was not more efficacious than TAU in reducing current depressive symptoms at post-treatment (95% CI [−7.0 to 1.8], p = 0.303, d = 0.24) or follow-up (95% CI [−2.2 to 6.3], p = 0.037, d = 0.13). At post-treatment, MBCT + TAU was more effective than TAU in improving mindfulness skills. At follow-up, TAU was more effective than MBCT + TAU in reducing trait anxiety and improving mindfulness skills and positive mental health. Exploratory analysis revealed that participants with higher depressive symptoms and functional impairment at baseline benefitted more from MBCT + TAU than TAU.ConclusionsIn these participants with highly recurrent BD, MBCT may be a treatment option in addition to TAU for those who suffer from moderate to severe levels of depression and functional impairment.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03507647. Registered the 25 April 2018, https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01126827.
In-person 1-day cognitive behavioral therapy-based workshops for postpartum depression: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Van Lieshout Ryan J. , Layton Haley , Savoy Calan D. , Xie Feng , Brown June S. L. , Huh Kathryn , Bieling Peter J. , Streiner David L. , Ferro Mark A. , Haber-Evans Erika 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundPostpartum depression (PPD) affects up to one in five mothers and birthing parents, yet as few as 10% access evidence-based treatment. One-day cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)-based workshops for PPD have the potential to reach large numbers of sufferers and be integrated into stepped models of care.MethodsThis randomized controlled trial of 461 mothers and birthing parents in Ontario, Canada with Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) scores ⩾10, age ⩾18 years, and an infant <12 months of age compared the effects of a 1-day CBT-based workshop plus treatment as usual (TAU; i.e. care from any provider(s) they wished) to TAU alone at 12-weeks post-intervention on PPD, anxiety, the mother–infant relationship, offspring behavior, health-related quality of life, and cost-effectiveness. Data were collected via REDCap.ResultsWorkshops led to meaningful reductions in EPDS scores (m = 15.77 to 11.22; b = −4.6, p < 0.01) and were associated with three times higher odds of a clinically significant decrease in PPD [odds ratio (OR) 3.00, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.93–4.67]. Anxiety also decreased and participants had three times the odds of clinically significant improvement (OR 3.20, 95% CI 2.03–5.04). Participants reported improvements in mother–infant bonding, infant-focused rejection and anger, and effortful control in their toddlers. The workshop plus TAU achieved similar quality-adjusted life-years at lower costs than TAU alone.ConclusionsOne-day CBT-based workshops for PPD can lead to improvements in depression, anxiety, and the mother–infant relationship and are cost-saving. This intervention could represent a perinatal-specific option that can treat larger numbers of individuals and be integrated into stepped care approaches at reasonable cost.
The Troubled Present and Uncertain Future of Academic Labor
Authors: Nolan Mary 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis review article surveys recent studies of the state of and challenges to academic labor in the ongoing regime of academic capitalism, corporate managerialism, and neoliberalism in colleges and universities in the United States, Europe, and select other countries around the world. Some works analyze changing funding models, accountability mechanisms, and forms of administrative power, while others explore the discourses pervading higher education and impacting the self-understanding of academics. Higher education administrators, boards of trustees, and politicians have sought to create flexible and inexpensive academic labor. New studies explore the three main strategies pursued: the failed effort to promote Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs), the proliferation of for-profit colleges and universities (FPCUs), and the continuing expansion of contingent labor, full and part time. Other works analyze the innovative unionization efforts on the part of contingent faculty and graduate teaching assistants.
Incidence and risk factors of prolonged grief in relatives of patients with terminal cancer in French palliative care units: The Fami-Life multicenter cohort study
Authors: Garrouste-Orgeas Maité , Marché Véronique , Pujol Nicolas , Michel Dominique , Evin Adrien , Fossez-Diaz Virginie , Perruchio Ségolène , Vanbésien Anne , Verlaine Catherine , Copel Laure , Kaczmarek Willeme , Birkui de Francqueville Laurence , Michonneau-Gandon Véronique , de Larivière Emmanuel , Poupardin Cécile , Touzet Licia , Guastella Virginie , Mathias Carmen , Mhalla Alaa , Bouquet Guillaume , Richard Bruno , Gracia Dominique , Bienfait Florent , Verliac Virginie , Ranchou Gaelle , Kirsch Sylvie , Flahault Cécile , Loiodice Ambre , Bailly Sébastien , Ruckly Stéphane , Timsit Jean-François 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectivesPsychological consequences of grief among relatives are insufficiently known. We reported incidence of prolonged grief among relatives of deceased patients with cancer.MethodsProspective cohort study of 611 relatives of 531 patients with cancer hospitalized for more than 72 hours and who died in 26 palliative care units was conducted. The primary outcome was prolonged grief in relatives 6 months after patient death, measured with the Inventory Complicated Grief (ICG > 25, range 0–76, a higher score indicates more severe symptoms) score. Secondary outcomes in relatives 6 months after patient death were anxiety and depression symptoms based on Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) score (range 0 [best]–42 [worst]), higher scores indicate more severe symptoms, minimally important difference 2.5. Post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms were defined by an Impact Event Scale-Revised score >22 (range 0–88, a higher score indicates more severe symptoms).ResultsAmong 611 included relatives, 608 (99.5%) completed the trial. At 6 months, significant ICG scores were reported by 32.7% relatives (199/608, 95% CI, 29.0–36.4). The median (interquartile range ICG score) was 20.0 (11.5–29.0). The incidence of HADS symptoms was 87.5% (95% CI, 84.8–90.2%) at Days 3–5 and 68.7% (95% CI, 65.0–72.4) 6 months after patient’s death, with a median (interquartile range) difference of −4 (–10 to 0) between these 2 time points. Improvement in HADS anxiety and depression scores were reported by 62.5% (362/579) relatives.Significance of resultsThese findings support the importance of screening relatives having risk factors of developing prolonged grief in the palliative unit and 6 months after patient’s death.
Three‐Dimensional Data Preparation and Immersive Mission‐Spanning Visualization and Analysis of Mars 2020 Mastcam‐Z Stereo Image Sequences
Authors: Paar Gerhard , Ortner Thomas , Tate Christian , Deen Robert G. , Abercrombie Parker , Vona Marsette , Proton Jon , Bechtold Andreas , Calef Fred , Barnes Robert , Koeberl Christian , Herkenhoff Ken , Hausrath Elisabeth M. , Traxler Christoph , Caballo Piluca , Annex Andrew M. , Gupta Sanjeev , Bell James F. , Maki Justin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe Mars 2020 Mastcam‐Z stereo camera investigation enables the generation of three dimension (3D) data products needed to visualize and analyze rocks, outcrops, and other geological and aeolian features. The Planetary Robotics Vision Processing framework “PRoViP” as well as the Instrument Data System on a tactical—sol‐by‐sol—timeframe generate 3D vision products, such as panoramas, distance maps, and textured meshes. Structure‐from‐motion used by the Advanced Science Targeting Toolkit for Robotic Operations (ASTTRO) “Landform” tool and long baseline stereo pipelines add to the 3D vision products' suite on various scales. Data fusion with textured meshes from satellite imagery and 3D data analysis and interpretation of the resulting large 3D data sets is realized by visualization assets like the Planetary Robotics Vision 3D Viewer PRo3D, the 3D Geographical Information System GIS CAMP (Campaign Analysis Mapping and Planning tool), the ASTTRO 3D data presentation and targeting tool, and the Mastcam‐Z planning tool Viewpoint. The pipelines' workflows and the user‐oriented features of the visualization assets, shared across the Mars 2020 mission, are reported. The individual role and interplay, complements and synergies of the individual frameworks are explained. Emphasis is laid on publicly available 3D vision data products and tools. A representative set of scientific use cases from planetary geology, aeolian activity, soil analysis and impact science illustrates the scientific workflow, and public data deployment modes are briefly outlined, demonstrating that 3D vision processing and visualization is an essential mission‐wide asset to solve important planetary science questions such as prevailing wind direction, soil composition, or geologic origin.
The Norfolk Ridge: A Proximal Record of the Tonga‐Kermadec Subduction Initiation
Authors: Collot J. , Sutherland R. , Etienne S. , Patriat M. , Roest W. R. , Marcaillou B. , Clerc C. , Stratford W. , Mortimer N. , Juan C. , Bordenave A. , Schnurle P. , Barker D. , Williams S. , Wolf S. , Crundwell M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNorfolk Ridge bounds the northeastern edge of the continent of Zealandia and is proximal to where Cenozoic Tonga‐Kermadec subduction initiation occurred. We present and analyze new seismic reflection, bathymetric and rock data from Norfolk Ridge that show it is composed of a thick sedimentary succession and that it was formed and acquired its present‐day ridge physiography and architecture during Eocene to Oligocene uplift, emergence and erosion. Contemporaneous subsidence of the adjacent New Caledonia Trough shaped the western slope of Norfolk Ridge and was accompanied by volcanism. Neogene extension along the eastern slope of Norfolk Ridge led to the opening of the Norfolk Basin. Our observations reveal little or no contractional deformation, in contrast to observations elsewhere in Zealandia, and are hence significant for understanding the mechanics of subduction initiation. We suggest that subduction nucleated north of Norfolk Ridge and propagated rapidly along the ridge during the period 40‐35 Ma, giving it a linear and narrow shape. Slab roll‐back following subduction initiation may have preserved the ridge and created its eastern flank. Our observations suggest that pre‐existing structures, which were likely inherited from Cretaceous Gondwana subduction, were well‐oriented to propagate rupture and create self‐sustaining subduction.
Observing System Choice Can Minimize Interference of the Biosphere in Studies of Urban CO2 Emissions
Authors: Lal Raj M. , Kort Eric A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCities around the world have introduced initiatives to reduce CO2 emissions. Atmospheric observations can provide evaluation and assessment of these initiatives by quantifying emissions, considering local sources and sinks. The relative importance of the urban biosphere, which can act as both a source (respiration) and sink (photosynthesis) of CO2, has previously been suggested to strongly impact urban CO2 measurements, confounding the ability to use observations to study fossil emissions. However, if using an observing framework that measures a local urban background and the direct urban core outflow, for example, along a downwind airborne transect, the biosphere’s role may be minimized. Here, we combine real, airborne observations of CO2 downwind of select cities in the Northeast US with high‐resolution, back‐trajectory modeling and spatially and temporally resolved surface biosphere and fossil fuel fluxes to characterize the relative biosphere importance to urban CO2 profiles. We show the biosphere influence using this urban observing system to be small, averaging only 15% of the local CO2 enhancement annually, <10% outside of summer, and with a maximum influence of 29% in summer when the biosphere drawdown is most pronounced. Furthermore, when considering two biosphere models that differ by >80%, the impact on observed urban CO2 signals is reduced to only 12% on average. Urban observing frameworks that utilize this local background approach—including those via aircraft or satellite observations—can minimize the biosphere's influence and thus help facilitate robust assessments of urban fossil fuel CO2 emissions.