bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pulmonary function abnormality in patients recovered from Covid 19 pneumonia, in a tertiary care hospital in India
Authors: Lawrence Ria , Singh Raj B. , Prakash A Keerthi 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
One of the most dreaded complications of COVID pneumonia is post-COVID residual lung fibrosis and lung function impairment.

Objectives:
To find out the extent and type of pulmonary function abnormality using spirometry, diffusion capacity, and 6-minute walk test and to co-relate with the clinical severity at the time of infection, in patients who have recovered from COVID19 pneumonia, in a tertiary care hospital in India.

Materials and Methods:
This is a prospective, cross-sectional study with a total 100 patients. Patients who have recovered from COVID pneumonia after one month of onset of symptoms and before 3 months who come for follow-up and have respiratory complaints undergo pulmonary function test will be recruited in the study.

Results:
In our study, the most common lung function abnormality detected was restrictive pattern in 55% of the patients (N = 55) followed by mixed pattern in 9% of patients (N = 9), obstructive in 5% of patients (N = 5), and normal in 31% of patients (N = 31). In our study, total lung capacity was reduced in 62% of the patients and normal in 38% of the patients and diffusion capacity of lung was reduced in 52% of the patients recovered from 52% of the individuals. Also, a 6-minute walk test was reduced in 15% of the patients and normal in 85% of the patients.

Conclusion:
Pulmonary function test can serve as an important tool in both diagnosis and follow-up of post-COVID lung fibrosis and pulmonary sequalae.
A study on clinicodemographic profile, severity, and outcome of Covid-19 in hospitalized vaccinated individuals at tertiary care centre
Authors: Gali Jayasri Helen , Shah Chirali , Keerthi B. Y , Thomas Vimala 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT

Objective:
To evaluate the demographic profile, clinical severity, and outcome of Covid-19 infection in hospitalised vaccinated individuals.

Methods:
An observational, cross-sectional study was conducted among Covid-19 infected hospitalised patients. Clinicodemographic profile, severity, and outcome of Covid-19 infection among the vaccinated group (VG) were recorded. These patients were also compared with unvaccinated group (UVG) with Covid-19 infection admitted during the study period. Cox proportional hazards models was used to estimate hazard ratios for mortality risk in both groups.

Results:
Out of 580 participants, 48.2% were vaccinated with either one (71%) or two doses (28.9%). In both, VG and UVG, majority 55.8% belonged to 51–75 years. Males were predominant with 62.9% in both VG and UVGs. Day of illness at admission from symptom onset (DOI), progression of disease, ICU stay, oxygen requirement, mortality was significantly higher in UVG than in VG (p < 0.05). Steroid duration (p < 0.001) and anti-coagulation time (p < 0.001) were significantly higher in UVG than in VG. D dimer levels were significantly higher in UVG than in VG (p < 0.05). Increased age, (p < 0.0004), severity of disease, (p < 0.0052), increased oxygen requirement (p < 0.001), elevated C-reactive protein levels (Moderate: P < 0.0013; Severe P < 0.0082), and elevated IL-6 levels (p < 0.001) were the significant determinants of Covid-19-related mortality in both VG and UVGs.

Conclusion:
Vaccinated individuals have shown milder severity, had reduced hospital stay and better outcomes as compared to unvaccinated individuals suggesting a potential vaccine efficacy against Covid-19.
Secondary infections in critically ill patients with COVID-19: A retrospective single-center study
Authors: Haque Obaid I. , Shameem Mohammad , Hashim Wamin 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Patients infected with COVID-19 admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) may have a higher incidence of developing secondary infections. These infections can further deteriorate the hospital course and increase mortality. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to investigate the incidence, associated risk factors, outcomes, and pathogens associated with secondary bacterial infections in critically ill patients with COVID-19.

Methods:
All adult COVID-19 patients admitted to the intensive care unit requiring mechanical ventilation from October 1, 2020 until December 31, 2021 were screened for inclusion in the study. A total of 86 patients were screened and 65 who met the inclusion criteria were prospectively entered into a customized electronic database. The database was then retrospectively analyzed to investigate secondary bacterial infections.

Results:
Of the 65 patients included, 41.54% acquired at least one of the studied secondary bacterial infections during the course of their ICU stay. The most common secondary infection (59.26%) seen was hospital-acquired pneumonia followed by acquired bacteremia of unknown origin (25.92%) and catheter-related sepsis (14.81%). Diabetes mellitus (P = <.001), cumulative dose of corticosteroids (P = 0.001), were associated with an increased risk of secondary bacterial infection. The most commonly isolated pathogen in patients with secondary pneumonia was Acinetobacter baumannii. Staphylococcus aureus was the most common organism associated with a bloodstream infection and catheter-related sepsis.

Conclusion:
The incidence of secondary bacterial infections was high in critically ill patients with COVID-19 and was associated with a longer duration of admission to the hospital and ICU and a higher mortality. Diabetes mellitus and cumulative dose of corticosteroids were associated with significantly increased risk of secondary bacterial infection.
Cystic lung lesion following transbronchial lung cryobiopsy: Case report and systematic review
Authors: Malegaonkar Srikant Kashinath , Sehgal Inderpaul Singh , Muthu Valliappan , Agarwal Ritesh , Bal Amanjit , Dhooria Sahajal 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
Transbronchial lung cryobiopsy (TBLC) is a technique used to sample the lungs for diagnosing diffuse lung diseases. A sizeable tissue is sheared off the lung parenchyma during TBLC leading to a defect in the lung, which might result in a cystic lesion on imaging. Computed tomography (CT) performed for other reasons might incidentally reveal such a cyst. We report a 75-year-old patient who underwent TBLC and developed significant intraprocedural bleeding. Chest CT performed for worsening breathlessness revealed an acute exacerbation (AE) of the underlying interstitial lung disease, and incidentally showed a new cyst in the biopsied lung lobe. The patient recovered clinically after the administration of high-dose methylprednisolone. A chest CT performed nine months later showed resolution of the lung cyst. A systematic review of the literature revealed that cysts/pneumatoceles/cavities may appear in 50% of patients following TBLC. About 90% are due to biopsy trauma and mostly resolve spontaneously. Rarely, a cavity may be due to infection; antimicrobial agents should be administered in such cases.
Scourge of tuberculosis: A rare case of simultaneous chylothorax and chylous ascites
Authors: Gada Parth B. , Sachdev Rupali R. , Ansari Waqar A. , Jadhav Akash A. 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
Tuberculosis (TB) is a rare cause of chylothorax and chylous ascites. This is a case of simultaneous TB-chylothorax and chylous ascites in a 20-year-old patient who had been diagnosed with disseminated Multi-Drug Resistant (MDR) Tuberculosis two years ago. Abdominal distention with horseshoe-shaped dullness was found on examination. Abdominal ultrasound revealed gross ascites and bilateral gross pleural effusion. Pleural fluid analysis was positive for chylomicrons and revealed elevated Protein, Albumin, ADA, and Triglyceride. GeneXpert was negative and no growth was seen on culture. Lymphoscintigraphy showed a normal ascent of radio tracer along bilateral lower limb. Lymphangiogram and thoracic ductogram showed multiple dilated lymphatic ducts in the bilateral internal iliac region with obstruction of lymphatic flow in the iliac group of nodes. Low-fat diet was given. No interventional radiological approach or surgical correction could be done for the patient. He died after one and half years with progressive swelling and emaciation.
Endobronchial chondroid hamartoma of left main bronchus and its bronchoscopic management
Authors: Prasad Virender Pratibh , Vaddepally Chetan Rao , Rao Chikyala Dheeraj , Narasimha M. Penchala , Sethi Shweta , Maturu Venkata Nagarjuna 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
Most tumours of the tracheobronchial tree are malignant. Benign tumours such as hamartoma are infrequent and generally intra-parenchymal. Here we present a case of a 65-year-old male patient who presented with a purely endobronchial lobulated mass lesion in the left main bronchus. This central airway obstruction was managed by a complete endobronchial resection using an electrocautery snare and cryo-recanalisation techniques. A diagnosis of endobronchial chondroid hamartoma was made on histopathological examination. Such endobronchial lesions are rare and constitute less than 2% of all hamartomas.
A compreensão do conhecimento social de lugar
Authors: Godoi Guilherme Aparecido de , Olivieira Francismara Neves 
Published: May 2023

No contexto educacional, o lugar é um conteúdo da Geografia Escolar, assim como uma escala de análise para se conduzir o processo de ensino dos saberes geográficos. Contudo, simplesmente trabalhar os conceitos na escala local, não garante por si só que os saberes sejam construídos e que a compreensão de lugar seja alcançada. Assim sendo, o presente artigo objetivou verificar se uma proposta pedagógica, pautada nos princípios da metodologia ativa sob enfoque piagetiano, com uso de fotografias e discussões coletivas acerca do espaço vivido, favorece a elaboração do conhecimento de lugar. Para tanto, adotou-se a Epistemologia Genética de Jean Piaget sobre a construção do conhecimento e em especial seu estudo sobre a construção do espaço. Participaram 8 estudantes do 6º ano do Ensino Fundamental II de uma escola pública da cidade de Londrina. O método clínico crítico piagetiano fundamentou a coleta dos dados, desenvolvida por meio de uma sequência didática que teve como tema o conceito de lugar e envolveu atividades com fotografias, discussão em grupo e produção de texto. Os resultados indicaram que a metodologia ativa foi uma proposta rica e integradora, que permitiu a retirada de ênfase do conteúdo escolar para a forma de estruturação e leitura do espaço, permitindo o desenvolvimento e compreensão das noções de modo a integrar tais saberes.
Palavras-chave
Lugar, Conhecimento social, Ensino de Geografia, Metodologia ativa, Teoria piagetiana.

Understanding the social knowledge of place: contributions from the active methodology under a piagetian focus
Abstract
In the educational context, place is a content of School Geography, as well as an analysis scale to conduct the process of teaching geographic knowledge. However, simply working the concepts at the local scale does not in itself guarantee that knowledge is built and that an understanding of place is achieved. Therefore, this article aimed to verify whether a pedagogical proposal, based on the principles of active methodology under a Piagetian approach, using photographs and collective discussions about the lived space, favors the development of knowledge of place. Therefore, Jean Piaget's Genetic Epistemology was adopted on the construction of knowledge and in particular his study on the construction of space. Eight students from the 6th year of Elementary School II from a public school in the city of Londrina participated. The Piagetian critical clinical method was the basis for data collect, developed through a didactic sequence whose theme was the concept of place and involved activities with photographs, group discussion and text production. The results indicated that the active methodology was a rich and integrative proposal, which allowed the removal of emphasis from school content to the way of structuring and reading the space, allowing the development and understanding of notions in order to integrate such knowledge.
Keywords
Place, Social knowledge, Teaching Geography, Active methodology, Piagetian theory.
Uso del Marketing digital innovando la Oferta formativa y demanda educativa para el nivel superior, en los colegios públicos de la provincia de Satipo 2020-2021.
Authors: Vila Hiojo Bernabe Teodoro , Castillo Mendoza Helsides Leandro , Vílchez Casas Ludy Rossana 
Published: May 2023

El propósito es determinar la relación entre “uso del marketing digital y la Oferta formativa y demanda educativa para el nivel superior, de los colegios públicos de la provincia de Satipo 2020 – 2021”.
La investigación obedece al enfoque cuantitativo, de diseño no experimental, de tipo aplicada, en un nivel descriptivo, por su carácter correlacional, por naturaleza cuantitativa, según el alcance temporal transversal. Se consideró una muestra de tipo censal de forma no probabilístico, de 68 alumnos, utilizando la técnica de encuesta virtual y como instrumento el cuestionario digital.
Los resultados obtenidos indica una correlación del 0.409, que significa una correlación moderada, asimismo señalaron que el 1,5 % nunca realizan promoción digital, y que el 86,6 % manifiesta, que a veces realizan promoción digital, por último, el 17,9% siempre realizan la promoción digital. De tal manera incidir en el empleo de estudios virtuales a nivel universitario de docentes y educandos, para responder a los cambios en el sistema educativo.
Composition of Stand and Growth Dynamics of Black Cardamom (Amomum subulatum) in Different Agroforestry Habitats in Bhutan
Authors: Koirala Bhakti Sharma , Suberi Bhagat , Chhetri Rekha , Gyeltshen Thubten 
Published: May 2023

The composition and arrangement of tree species at different altitudes play a vital environmental role in the growth of Black Cardamom (Amomum subulatum) in Bhutan. The present study assesses agroforestry tree species composition and factors affecting the growth of A. subulatum in different habitat types. Altitudes were sorted into three different altitudinal bands (low, mid, and high) and each altitudinal band in three different habitats (timber tree, fodder tree, and mixed tree habitat) was assessed. The sampling of 48 plots was made for each habitat and the plot size was 20×20 m. In total, 144 plots were sampled systematically within the selected altitudinal bands in three different habitats. The 56 ecologically important agroforestry shade tree species were used for growing A. subulatum. Tree species preference of A. subulatumchanged based on different altitudes and habitat types [F(2, 33) = 45.672, P = .001]. Critical factors affecting the growth are tree canopy cover (r = –0.461) and infested A. subulatum stems (r = –0.765). The increasing number of infested stems retarded the growth and dense canopy cover or open canopy reduces the growth rate of A. subulatum. Overall, growth was suitable in timber tree habitat at mid altitudes, where Alnus nepalensis was the dominating species having 41.40% canopy cover with low pest and disease-infested A. subulatum stems. Significantly, the lower altitudinal band and the fodder tree habitats were found to be unsuitable for growth (p < 0.05). Thus, appropriate site selection, canopy cover and altitude could provide optimum growth.
Axborot-kommunikatsiya texnologiyalarini qo‘llash orqali o‘quv jarayonida maktab o‘quvchilarining o‘quv faoliyatini faollashtirish
Authors: Meliyeva Xusnida 
Published: May 2023

Zamonaviy jamiyat va mehnat bozorining rivojlanish istiqbollari yangi texnologiyalarni ishlab chiqish va o‘zlashtirish bilan bog‘liq bo‘lib, ular orasida axborot-kommunikatsiya texnologiyalari (AKT) eng keng tarqalgan. Axborotlashgan jamiyatda zamonaviy texnik va dasturiy vositalardan foydalanish, axborot makonida harakat qilish qobiliyatini tavsiflovchi shaxsga qo‘yiladigan talablarni belgilaydi.. Ushbu chora-tadbirlar faqat o‘qituvchi axborot-kommunikatsiya texnologiyalari (AKT kompetensiyasi) sohasida malakaga ega bo‘lsa samarali bo‘ladi.
Россия империясининг аҳолини кўчириш сиёсати ва унинг туркистон ижтимоий-иқтисодий ҳаётига таъсири
Authors: Султонова Махфуза 
Published: May 2023

Мақолада Россия империясининг Туркистонга аҳолини кўчириш сиёсати, ўлкада бунёд этилган рус посёлкалари, улардаги турмуш тарзи, мустамлакачи маъмурларнинг кўчириш сиёсатидан кўзлаган асосий мақсадлари, кўчирилган аҳолига яратилган шароитлар ва уларнинг маҳаллий аҳолининг ижтимоий-иқтисодий ҳаётига таъсири баён этилган.
A comprehensive analysis of wild edible fruits from the Rangayyanadurga four-horned antelope wildlife sanctuary
Authors: G. K. Pratap , Shantaram Manjula , H. L. Raghavendra , Kumar M. Santosh , V. K. Harshini , D. V. Poornima 
Published: May 2023

Fruits play a primary role in the diet and several studies based on health report the importance of fruits because of their nutritional components that serve a protective role against many diseases. The most prevalent non-timber forest products and significant sources of food and medicine are wild edible fruits (WEFs). The WEFs must greet potential sources of crucial nutrients majorly of children and old age people suffering from malnutrition. The Rangayyanadurga Four-Horned Antelope (FHA) wildlife sanctuary, situated in Jagalur, of central Karnataka, India, harbours many indigenous, unexploited, edible, and unfamiliar fruits, which are important sources of income and food for rural communities. These fruits play a crucial role in health care and they contain several phytochemicals like, flavonoids, polyphenols, glycoside, tannins, essential oils, malic acid, and oleanolic acid. The wild edible fruits have health benefits such as anticancer, antidiabetic, anti-diarrhoeal, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anti-hypolipidemic, antiscorbutic, antioxidant, neuroprotective and piles curing properties. The research in this review focuses on 15 edible wild fruit species from 11 families that have been spotted in the Rangayyanadurga Sanctuary and was tabulated with botanical name, mode of consumption, bioactive compounds and biological effects. The more signified families are Rutaceae, Rubiaceae, Moraceae, Apocynaceae, Boraginaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Fabaceae, Arecaceae, Myrtaceae, Cactaceae and Rhamnaceae. The findings pointed to the need for additional research into the nutritional composition, environmental impact, and therapeutic properties of wild edible species as well as the potential benefits of the different WEF types identified here as neuroprotective agents.
Internet Addiction and Its Correlates among College Students of Surat City: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Mukhrajee Abhishek , Moitra Mohua , Chaudhari Vipul , Kosambiya ,	J.K. 
Published: May 2023

Introduction:	The number of internet users in 2018 was 4.021 billion, increased 7 percent year-on-year.
More than nine-tenths of Indian teens use Internet. Due to social distancing norms put forward due to
COVID-19 dependency and availability of Internet usage has increased. Objective: To assess the extent of
Internet addiction and determine its predictors among college students of Surat city. Method:	A cross
sectional study was conducted from March-September 2021 among 400 first- and second-year students
selected by systematic random sampling from four colleges selected purposively. Outcome variables were
Young's Internet addiction Test and Duke Health Profile Score which were assessed in terms of mean score.
Univariate analysis was done, followed by t-test, ANOVA and Pearson Correlation to establish associations.
Predictors were determined by Binary Logistic Regression. Results: Around one-tenth (12.8%)
participants were seen with no Internet addiction, with majority being mild (44.8%) and moderately
(36.5%) addicted. Severe addiction was seen in around one out of twenty participants (6.1%). Social
networking (32%) and education (34.5%) were the major reasons for use of Internet. Higher pocket money
(aOR=4.3), greater monthly internet expenditure (aOR=2.8), ownership of internet enabled mobile phone
(aOR=3.9), lying down posture while accessing internet (aOR=4.8) and evening (aOR=2.2) or night time
(aOR=8.7) of internet access were significant predictors for Internet addicts. Conclusion:In this study more
than four fifth of the college students had Internet Addiction even at young age. Physical, Mental, Social and
General health were significantly negatively correlated with internet addiction.
Barriers and Solutions Pertaining to Pradhan Mantri Matru Vandana Yojana (PMMVY) Implementation in A Block of West Bengal: A Mixed-Methods Approach
Authors: Shukla Vineeta , Ray Kuntala , Basu Mausumi 
Published: May 2023

Introduction:	Improvement of maternal health care services will not only put a positive impact on
maternal health, but also on the health of the new born. Objectives: This study was conducted to estimate
the proportion of eligible beneficiaries who received the benefits provided by the scheme, to identify the
barriers faced by the beneficiaries and health providers related to the scheme and to find possible solutions
to overcome the barriers found as suggested by them in a block of West Bengal. Method: A cross-sectional
study with sequential explanatory mixed-method approach was conducted in a block of West Bengal from
January-December 2021. Quantitative data was collected from the digital portal of PMMVY. All beneficiaries
who had their Last Menstrual Period (LMP) on and after 1st March 2020 up to 31st December 2020 were
included. To identify the barriers faced and suggest possible solutions, Focused Group Discussions (FGDs)
were held with the beneficiaries, ANMs and ASHAs and Key-Informant Interviews (KIIs) with the Block
Medical Officer and Data Entry Operator. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25.0. Descriptive statistics
were used to summarize quantitative data while qualitative data were analyzed in the form of themes, codes
and verbatim. Results: Total eligible beneficiaries for the three installments were 1066, 917 and 708
respectively. About 95.5% beneficiaries received the first installment, 93.0% received the second and 98.3%
had received the third installment. The broad themes [codes] generated from the FGDs were challenges
during antenatal care [ANC refused, home visit preferred, home ANC difficult, lockdown], challenges related
to the PMMVY scheme [documents unavailable, incomplete forms, payment issues], possible solutions
[prepare pre-requisites beforehand, provide cash]. Widely two main themes emerged from the KIIs: Form
related issues and Payment issues. Conclusion: Coverage of PMMVY scheme in the block was satisfactory.
However, speeding the payment process and stricter monitoring of the scheme is required.