bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On quasi-n-ideals of commutative rings
Authors: Alhazmy K. , Almahdi F. A. A. , Bouba E. M. , Tamekkante M. 
Published: February 2023

A proper ideal [Formula: see text] of a commutative ring [Formula: see text] is said to be a strongly quasi-primary ideal if, whenever [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text], then [Formula: see text] or [Formula: see text] (see [S. Koc, U. Tekir and G. Ulucak, On strongly quasi primary ideals, Bull. Korean Math. Soc. 56(3) (2019) 729–743]). This paper studies the class of strongly quasi-primary ideals with a radical equal to the nil-radical of [Formula: see text], called the class of quasi-[Formula: see text]-ideals. Among other results, this new class of ideals is used to characterize when the nil-radical of [Formula: see text] is a maximal or a minimal ideal of [Formula: see text]. Many examples are given to illustrate the obtained results.
Radiosensitization of IDH-Mutated Gliomas through ZMYND8 – a Pathway to Improved Outcomes
Authors: Sachdev Sean , Dmello Crismita , Sonabend Adam M. 
Published: February 2023

Summary
Isocitrate dehydrogenase 1–mutant (IDH1m) gliomas are recalcitrant tumors for which radiotherapy remains a standard treatment. A recent study identified ZMYND8 as a key mediator of radioresistance for IDH1m gliomas, and pharmacologic targeting of this pathway may heighten radiotherapy-induced tumor response, providing a prospect of improved clinical outcomes.
See related article by Carney et al., p. 1763
Multistream-Based Marked Point Process With Decomposed Cumulative Hazard Functions
Authors: Hachiya Hirotaka , Hong Sujun 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
When applying a point process to a real-world problem, an appropriate intensity function model should be designed based on physical and mathematical prior knowledge. Recently, a fully trainable deep learning–based approach has been developed for temporal point processes. In this approach, a cumulative hazard function (CHF) capable of systematic computation of adaptive intensity function is modeled in a data-driven manner. However, in this approach, although many applications of point processes generate various kinds of information such as location, magnitude, and depth, the mark information of events is not considered. To overcome this limitation, we propose a fully trainable marked point process method for modeling decomposed CHFs for time and mark prediction using multistream deep neural networks. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method through experiments with synthetic and real-world event data.
Global High-Resolution Random Forest Regression Maps of Ocean Heat Content Anomalies Using In Situ and Satellite Data
Authors: Lyman John M. , Johnson Gregory C. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The ocean, with its low albedo and vast thermal inertia, plays key roles in the climate system, including absorbing massive amounts of heat as atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations rise. While the Argo array of profiling floats has vastly improved sampling of ocean temperature in the upper half of the global ocean volume since the mid-2000s, they are not sufficient in number to resolve eddy scales in the oceans. However, satellite sea surface temperature (SST) and sea surface height (SSH) measurements do resolve these scales. Here we use random forest regressions to map ocean heat content anomalies (OHCA) using in situ training data from Argo and other sources on a 7-day × 1/4° × 1/4° grid with latitude, longitude, time, SSH, and SST as predictors. The maps display substantial patterns on eddy scales, resolving variations of ocean currents and fronts. During the well-sampled Argo period, global integrals of these maps reduce noise relative to estimates based on objective mapping of in situ data alone by roughly a factor of 3 when compared to time series of CERES (satellite data) top-of-the-atmosphere energy flux measurements and improve correlations of anomalies with CERES on annual time scales. Prior to and early on in the Argo period, when in situ data were sparser, global integrals of these maps retain low variance, and do not relax back to a climatological mean, avoiding potential deficiencies of various methods for infilling data-sparse regions with objective maps by exploiting temporal and spatial patterns of OHCA and its correlations with SST and SSH.

Significance Statement
We use a simple machine learning technique to improve maps of subsurface ocean warming by exploiting the relationships between subsurface ocean temperature both sea surface temperature and sea level. Mapping ocean warming is important because it contributes to sea level rise through thermal expansion; impacts marine life through marine heatwaves and changes in mixing, oxygen, and carbon dioxide levels; increases energy available to tropical cyclones; and stores most of the energy building up in Earth’s climate system owing to the accumulation of anthropogenic greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Our new estimates generally have lower noise energy and higher correlations than other products when compared with global energy fluxes at the top of the atmosphere measured by satellite.
Pressure Ulcer Trends in the United States: A Cross-Sectional Assessment from 2008-2019
Authors: McAuliffe Phoebe B. , Winter Eric E. , Talwar Ankoor A. , Desai Abhishek A. , Broach Robyn B. , Fischer John P. 
Published: February 2023

Introduction Decubitus ulcers are a morbid and costly problem faced by healthcare systems and patients across the country. We aim to examine current patterns and characteristics of patients admitted to the hospital with a pressure ulcer. Materials and methods From a nationally representative sample of hospital discharge records, the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS), patients with a diagnosis of pressure ulcer 2008-2019 were identified. Patient volume, demographic and clinical data were analyzed for change over time. Results The volume of pressure ulcer patients as a proportion of all hospital patients remained constant from 2008 to 2019 ( P = .479). During the study period, the proportion of ulcer patients that underwent an ulcer-related procedure significantly decreased ( P < .001) while the proportion of ulcers considered severe significantly increased ( P < .001). Conclusions Our analysis suggests the prevalence of decubitus ulcers remained stable during the time period, with increased severity but reduced frequency of operative intervention.
Risk Factors for 30-day Hospital Readmissions After Peripheral Vascular Interventions in Peripheral Artery Disease Patients at the US-Mexico Border
Authors: Mishra Kunal , Mohammad Khan O. , Patel Divyank , Makhija Rakhee , Siddiqui Tariq , Abolbashari Mehran , Cruz Rodriguez Jose B. 
Published: February 2023

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is associated with high rates of readmission following endovascular interventions and contributes to a significant hospital readmission burden. Quality metrics like hospital readmissions affect hospital performance, but must adjust to local trends. Our primary goal was to evaluate risk factors and readmission rates post-percutaneous peripheral intervention in a US-Mexico border city, at a single tertiary university hospital. We performed a retrospective review of patients with PAD undergoing first time peripheral intervention from July 2015 to June 2020. Among 212 patients, 58% were readmitted with median 235-day follow-up (inter-quartile range (IQR) 42–924); 35.3% of readmissions occurred within 30 days, and 30.2% of those were within 7 days. Median time to readmission was 62 days. Active smokers had 84% higher risk of readmission (hazard ratio (HR) 1.84, 95% CI 1.23–2.74, P < .01). Other significant factors noted were insurance status—Medicaid or uninsured (HR 1.94, 95% CI 1.22–3.09), prior amputation (HR 1.69, 95% CI 1.13–2.54), heart failure, both preserved (HR 4.35, 95% CI 2.07–9.16) and reduced ejection fraction (HR 1.88, 95% CI 1.14–3.10). Below the knee, interventions were less likely to be readmitted (adjusted HR .64, 95% CI 0.42–.96). Readmission rates were unrelated to medication adherence.
Minimizing Thermal Damage During Thulium Laser-Assisted Partial Arytenoidectomy: Pulsed Versus Continuous Cutting in an Ex-Vivo Calf Model
Authors: Barnett Erica , Heaton James T. , Petrillo Robert H. , Purnell Philip , Burns James A. 
Published: February 2023

Objectives: The 2 µm-wavelength thulium laser is an effective cutter during partial arytenoidectomy, but thermal trauma can damage adjacent laryngeal tissue. Pulsing laser energy may reduce trauma when compared to continuous-wave cutting. This study measured temperature changes, thermal trauma, and time to complete partial arytenoidectomy, with and without pulsing, in an ex-vivo calf model. Methods: Tissue temperature and time to complete a trans-cartilaginous cut were measured during partial arytenoidectomy on ex-vivo calf vocal folds (N = 24) using a thulium laser in continuous-wave (CW, N = 12) and pulsed-wave (PW, N = 12) modes. Energy was 5 W for CW and PW cuts; pulse-widths were 250, 500, and 750 ms. Thermal damage was analyzed histologically by measuring the depth of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) inactivation perpendicular to the laser-cut edge at the vocal process. Paired t-tests compared CW and PW modes. Results: Change in temperature was lower using CW (6.5°C) compared to PW modes (250 ms = 18°; 500 ms = 16°; 750 = 19°; P < .05). Trans-cartilaginous cuts were completed faster using CW (37 seconds) compared to PW (250 ms = 136 seconds; 500 ms = 61 seconds; 750 = 44 seconds; P < .05), and both modes delivered the same total Joules. The average depth of LDH depletion (thermal damage) was similar for all cuts. Conclusions: 1. Thulium laser cuts in continuous-mode unexpectedly produced less tissue heating yet created similar thermal damage than pulsed-mode cuts during simulated partial arytenoidectomy. 2. Trans-cartilaginous cuts were completed significantly faster in continuous-mode as compared to pulsed-mode cutting. 3. Pulsing the thulium laser does not minimize thermal damage compared to continuous wave cutting during thulium laser-assisted partial arytenoidectomy.
Predictors of depression among Syrian refugee women: A socio-culturally relevant analysis
Authors: Hosseini Zainab , Bakdash Talah , Ahmad Sadena , Awaad Rania 
Published: February 2023

Objectives: Syrian refugee women have faced myriad adversities as they have navigated the realities of war, increasing the risk for mental health concerns such as depressive symptomatology. This study explores the nuances of relevant sociocultural factors that can contribute to depressive symptomatology among widowed Syrian refugee women who live in an institutionalized care setting. We explored the impact of past trauma exposure, perceived independence, and a desire to leave the current place of displacement and the interplay between them. Methods: The PCRF Traumatic Events Questionnaire and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) were administered to 57 Syrian refugee women in Lebanon ( Mage = 37; M number of children = 3) to measure levels of trauma exposure and depressive symptoms, respectively. Perceived independence and a desire to leave their current place of residence were measured using 1-item measures. Results: Using hierarchical regression models, past trauma exposure ( B = 1.51, p = .002) and perceived independence ( B = 0.33, p = .04) significantly predicted depressive symptoms. A desire to travel ( B = 0.84, p = .07) marginally predicted depressive symptoms. Past trauma exposure attenuated the impact of perceived independence on depressive symptoms such that at lower levels of past trauma exposure, higher perceptions of independence predicted higher depression ( simple slope = 0.29, t = 2.13, p = .05), while at higher levels of past trauma higher perceptions of independence predicted lower depressive symptoms ( simple slope = -0.16, t = -2.21, p = .04). Trauma exposure did not moderate the impact of a desire to leave on depression, but age did. Conclusion: These findings suggest that sociocultural factors may influence women’s experiences with depressive symptoms differently, and this heterogeneity must be accounted for when treatment programs are proposed. Further, Syrian refugee women who have lost primary family members may pose different profiles of depressive symptoms than other groups of women.
Health status and quality of life in comorbid physical multimorbidity and depression among adults aged ⩾50 years from low- and middle-income countries
Authors: Felez-Nobrega Mireia , Koyanagi Ai 
Published: February 2023

Background: Data on the clinical and functional significance of comorbid depression in physical multimorbidity in middle-aged and older adults and from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are lacking. Aims: This study aims to determine the association of comorbid depression in physical multimorbidity with health outcomes and quality of life among adults aged ⩾50 years from six LMICs. Methods: Cross-sectional, nationally representative data from the Study on Global Ageing and Adult Health were analyzed. DSM-IV Depression was based on past 12-month symptoms. Eleven chronic physical conditions were assessed. Health status was based on scales ranging from 0 (best) to 100 (worse). The quality of life (8-item WHO Quality of Life) scale ranged from 0 (worse) to 100 (best). Multivariable linear regression analyses were conducted. Results: Data on 34,129 individuals aged ⩾50 years [mean (SD) age 62.4 (16.0) years; 52.1% females] were analyzed. Among people with physical multimorbidity, having comorbid depression was associated with significantly worse health status in terms of sleep/energy (β = 14.71: 95% CI [12.23, 17.20]), self-care (13.23: [8.66, 17.82]), pain/discomfort (13.03: [9.59, 16.47]), mobility (11.06: [6.91, 15.21]), cognition (10.41: [7.31, 13.50]), perceived stress (8.35: [4.71, 11.99]), interpersonal activities (7.81: [3.71, 11.91]), and lower quality of life (−8.81: [−10.74, −6.88]). Conclusions: Comorbid depression in physical multimorbidity was associated with lower quality of life and poorer scores in multiple domains of health status. Treatment of depression in people with physical multimorbidity may potentially lead to better clinical outcomes, but future studies are needed to determine the most effective intervention to address this comorbidity in LMICs.
Mental health throughout the medical career: A comparison of depression, anxiety, and stress levels among medical students, residents, and physicians
Authors: de Sá e Camargo Maíra Lorenzo , Torres Raquel Vieira , Cotta Keylla Cássia Gomes , Ezequiel Oscarina da Silva , Lucchetti Giancarlo , Lucchetti Alessandra Lamas Granero 
Published: February 2023

Background: Different stages of a physician’s career may be associated with different types of mental health impairment. Aims: This study aimed to compare symptoms of anxiety, depression, and stress and their associated factors among medical students, medical residents, and physicians. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted. Data collection included sociodemographic data, religiosity (Duke University Religion Index), and mental health (21-item Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale – DASS-21) data. The comparison between the groups was performed using ANOVA, and the associated factors were evaluated via linear regression models. Results: The sample consisted of 1,417 participants: 778 medical students, 190 medical residents, and 468 established physicians. Medical students had significantly higher depression, anxiety, and stress scores as compared to medical residents and established physicians. However, regarding DASS 21 scores, no significant differences were found between established physicians and medical residents. The factors associated with mental health in the different groups showed that being married and male were associated with better mental health among physicians and medical residents, while the factors of male gender, being in later years of the course, and lower religious attendance were associated with better mental health in students. Conclusion: Medical students had worse mental health outcomes when compared to residents and established physicians. Interventions are needed to minimize suffering during medical education and career.
Problems posing as solutions: Criticising pragmatism as a paradigm for mixed research
Authors: Hampson Timothy , McKinley Jim 
Published: February 2023

Mixed research is a methodology of growing importance both within and without education. This type of research forces researchers to reconcile conflicting ways of justifying and understanding research with results that have the potential to be forward pointing for all researchers. As mixed research has grown, mixed research has gained an increasingly solidified identity which is increasingly associated with the pragmatic paradigm. This paper seeks to describe and criticise pragmatism as a paradigm for mixed research. We identify six features of pragmatism which we argue render it unfit for purpose. 1. That it is a “paradigm of convenience” 2. That it takes a consequentialist view of good research. 3. That it takes a consequentialist view of truth. 4. That it assumes the answers to epistemic questions is “somewhere in the middle” 5. That it priorities the research question, rather than ontology or epistemology 6. That it treats itself as a prerequisite for mixed research. We argue that in prioritising flexibility and practicality over principles, pragmatism loses the ability to offer guidance to researchers. Furthermore, many of the issues with pragmatism arise from a conflation of paradigm and method. I.e., by thinking that there are quantitative and qualitative paradigms. We conclude that traditional paradigms are better served to act as a paradigm for mixed research.
Robotic Morgagni’s hernia repair in adults – A single centre experience
Authors: Pulle Mohan Venkatesh , Asaf Belal Bin , Puri Harsh Vardhan , Bishnoi Sukhram , Mundale Vivek Vishwas , Bangeria Sumit , Kumar Arvind 
Published: February 2023

Background This study was aimed at reporting the surgical outcomes and evaluating the safety and feasibility of robotic repair of Morgagni’s repair in adults. Methods This is a retrospective analysis of seven cases of Morgagni’s hernia in adults, managed by robotic method in a tertiary-level thoracic surgery centre over 9 years. A detailed analysis of all perioperative variables including complications was carried out. Results A total of seven patients underwent Robotic Morgagni’s hernia repair during the study period. Males (71.4%) were predominant in the patient cohort. Median age group was 33 years (range: 28–78 years). All patients were pre-obese with median body mass index of 29.4 (range: 27.5–29.9). All patients underwent robotic-assisted hernia repair with no conversions. Omentum was the most common hernial content (100%). In all cases, the defect was reinforced with a composite mesh. Median operative time was 140 min (range: 120–160). Median hospital stay of 3 days (range: 2–4 days). No post-procedural complications. All the patients had complete resolution of presenting symptoms. No recurrence was noted in the median follow-up period of 32 months (range: 6–78 months). Conclusion Robotic-assisted surgical repair of Morgagni’s hernia in adults is safe, feasible and effective. However, studies with larger sample size and multi-institutional collaboration are recommended for further conclusions.
Increasing Inclusivity and Reducing Reactance During Provider-Patient Interactions
Authors: Shields Lillianna , Stovall Tony , Colby Helen 
Published: February 2023

Background Significant health disparities exist for trans and gender-nonconforming patients, in part caused by a reduced likelihood of seeking health care due to experienced discrimination in health care settings. Increasing inclusivity in patient-provider interactions can decrease barriers to care seeking for these patients, but such advice to providers must be simple to implement and account for potential backlash among certain patient subgroups. Methods In 3 studies, we use online samples to experimentally test patient reactions to 2 methods of provider inclusivity signaling: verbal sharing of the provider’s pronouns and request for the patient’s pronouns (a method frequently suggested in the literature) and the provider wearing a pin indicating their pronouns without verbal sharing or requesting that the patient share their pronouns. Results Study 1 finds that political orientation significantly moderated the effect of pronoun request on patient satisfaction with the visit, P = .003; satisfaction with the doctor, P = .003; and willingness to return to the provider, P = .007, with politically liberal participants being more satisfied and more likely to return when pronouns were requested and politically conservative participants less satisfied and less likely to return. Study 2 replicated these findings and demonstrated that such backlash among conservative participants did not occur when inclusivity was indicated via the provider wearing a pin indicating their pronouns. Study 3 showed that while pronoun pins may be subtle enough to not cause backlash, they are noticed by the target community and increase satisfaction and willingness to return among participants who identify as trans, nonbinary, and genderqueer. Limitations These studies were hypothetical scenario studies run online rather than field studies. Conclusions These results suggest that recommendations for increasing inclusivity should account for potential negative impacts on the practice from more politically conservative patients and that more subtle methods of indicating an inclusive health care environment are likely to be more implementable for practitioners in the field while still positively affecting the target population. Highlights Increasing inclusivity in health care settings by verbally sharing and requesting pronouns can cause backlash and aggression among politically conservative patients. More subtle methods of inclusivity signaling such as providers wearing pins sharing their own pronouns do not have this type of backlash effect and increase satisfaction and willingness to return among non-cisgender patients. Recommendations for increasing inclusivity in health care settings should consider negative reactions from other patient subgroups to ensure recommendations are those providers are likely to be willing and able to implement long term.