bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estimation of seismic attenuation for reservoirs mapping and inverse Q‐filtering: An application on land seismic data
Authors: Alshangiti Abdullah , Zhou Hua‐Wei 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSeismic attenuation values based on inverse Q‐filtering are useful in enhancing seismic data resolution for quantitative interpretation. However, as field attenuation estimations are often contaminated by noise and overburden effects, an inverse Q‐filter may reduce the signal‐to‐noise ratio. To help reservoir mapping with seismic resolution enhancement, we use well logs and surface seismic data to estimate the attenuation of a depth interval composed of several carbonate oil reservoirs onshore the Arabian Peninsula. From applying a prestack Q inversion on τ–p gathers from a large 3D seismic survey, the estimated effective attenuation values show spatially coherent patterns, likely corresponding to changes in the petrophysical and fluid properties. The patterns of the estimated effective attenuation values correlate considerably with the anticline geometry, with higher values on its crest than its flanks. The small percentage of the negative effective attenuation values indicates that the apparent attenuation and overburden effects are insignificant. At well locations, the effective attenuation values show a good correlation with the average porosity of the main reservoir, verifying that they are related to changes in petrophysical properties in the analysis interval. We propose an extended inverse Q‐filter with two additional parameters to make it more robust and flexible and test it with synthetic and field datasets. We estimate a multiple‐scattering attenuation value from well logs and use it in the proposed filter for the field dataset. The compensation for the multiple‐scattering effects suppresses the overprints of the data components unrelated to the target interval, hence benefitting the quantitative data interpretation.
Noninsulin‐based antihyperglycemic medications in patients with diabetes and COVID‐19: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Nassar Mahmoud , Abosheaishaa Hazem , Singh Awadhesh Kumar , Misra Anoop , Bloomgarden Zachary 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundPatients with diabetes are more likely to suffer COVID‐19 complications. Using noninsulin antihyperglycemic medications (AGMs) during COVID‐19 infection has proved challenging. In this study, we evaluate different noninsulin AGMs in patients with COVID‐19.MethodsWe searched Medline, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane on 24 January 2022. We used the following keywords (COVID‐19) AND (diabetes mellitus) AND (antihyperglycemic agent). The inclusion criteria were studies reporting one or more of the outcomes. We excluded non‐English articles, case reports, and literature reviews. Study outcomes were mortality, hospitalization, and intensive care unit (ICU) admission.ResultsThe use of metformin rather than other glucose‐lowering medications was associated with statistically significant lower mortality (risk ratio [RR]: 0.60, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.47, 0.77, p < .001). Dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitor (DPP‐4i) use was associated with statistically significantly higher hospitalization risk (RR: 1.44, 95% CI: 1.23, 1.68, p < .001) and higher risk of ICU admissions and/or mechanical ventilation vs nonusers (RR: 1.24, 95% CI: 1.04, 1.48, p < .02). There was a statistically significant decrease in hospitalization for SGLT‐2i users vs nonusers (RR: 0.89, 95% CI: 0.84–0.95, p < .001). Glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist (GLP‐1RA) use was associated with a statistically significant decrease in mortality (RR: 0.56, 95% CI: 0.42, 073, p < 0.001), ICU admission, and/or mechanical ventilation (RR: 0.79, 95% CI: 0.69–0.89, p < .001), and hospitalization (RR: 0.73, 95% CI: 0.54, 0.98, p = .04).ConclusionsAGM use was not associated with increased mortality. However, metformin and GLP‐1RA use reduced mortality risk statistically significantly. DPP‐4i use was associated with a statistically significant increase in the risk of hospitalization and admission to the ICU.
Retrieval of a Cook Celect inferior vena cava (IVC) filter after prolonged dwell time of 5,117 days: Factors to consider for retrieval of long‐dwell IVC filters
Authors: Goh Gerard S , Ng Nico , Fitzgerald Mark , Mathew Joseph 
Published: January 2023

SummaryInferior vena cava (IVC) filters are used in certain patients to help prevent the occurrence of pulmonary embolism (PE). IVC filters are generally recommended to be removed once PE prophylaxis is no longer required. Long‐dwelling IVC filters are associated with higher complication rates (Vasa 2020; 49: 449), being more difficult to retrieve and associated with higher retrieval complications (Cardiovasc Diagn Ther 2016; 6: 632). This report describes the pre‐procedural work‐up and removal of an IVC filter with a prolonged dwell time of 5,117 days (14 years, 3 days) using the loop snare advanced retrieval technique. As far as the authors are aware this case is the longest‐described successful retrieval of a Cook Celect IVC filter at 5,117 days.
Preoperative prescriptions and polypharmacy in elective total hip and knee arthroplasty from 2010 to 2017, a descriptive cohort study
Authors: Rasmussen Nina Brendborg , Kehlet Henrik , Knudsen Troels Bygum , Printzlau Pernille , Jørgensen Christoffer Calov 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundEvaluation of regular medication is an essential part of the preanesthetic consultation. However, even in elective surgical patients, such as those scheduled for total hip (THA) and knee arthroplasty (TKA), this task may be increasingly complex due to increasing age and number of pharmacologically treated comorbidities. Nevertheless, data on prescribed drugs and polypharmacy in elective surgical patients is sparse.MethodsDescriptive study in elective unilateral fast‐track THA and TKA between 2010 and 2017 based on data from the Centre for fast‐track Hip and Knee Replacement Database. Nationwide information on dispensed prescriptions up to 3 months preoperatively was acquired from the Danish National Database of Reimbursed Prescriptions. Drugs were divided into individual subgroups according to the fourth Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical level (ATC4). Primary outcome was changes in the median number of prescribed drugs/year. Secondarily, we investigated the fraction of patients with polypharmacy (≥5 individual ATC4‐subgroups), severe polypharmacy (≥10) and specific drugs of relevance at the preanesthetic evaluation.ResultsOf 36,934 procedures in 32,515 patients with a median age of 69 years, we found a median of 3 ATC4‐subgroups with no time‐related changes regardless of year of surgery but increasing in patients ≥65 years (median: 3 [IQR: 2–4]) versus < 65 years (2 [IQR 1–3]; p < .001). In total, 35.1% and 4.2% had polypharmacy or severe polypharmacy. There was a significant declining trend in severe polypharmacy from 2010 to 2017 (p = .003). Drugs of anesthetic relevance were used by 41.1% of all patients, most often ANG‐II or ACE inhibitors and betablockers, which were used by 28.0% and 15.7%. Oral antihyperglycemics was used by 7.8% and 2.0% used insulin. Only 4.0% and 2.1% of patients used vitamin‐K antagonists and direct oral anticoagulants, respectively. MAO‐inhibitors/Lithium salts were used by 0.3%. The combination of ANG‐II/ACE inhibitors, a diuretic and NSAID (“triple whammy”) was present in 4.3% of all patients.ConclusionPatients scheduled for elective THA and TKA used a median of 3 prescribed drugs. However, 1/3 of patients qualified as having polypharmacy and 41% used drugs requiring anesthetic consideration when planning for surgery.
Taming the wild: Attracting capital through populist mobilization in the urban landscapes of Istanbul
Authors: Kurt Firat 
Published: January 2023

AbstractUrban transformation in Turkey, ranging in scale from gigantic infrastructural investments to small property‐redevelopment ventures, has posed one of the most puzzling questions for scholars and activists: Why do the urban poor, despite being the most vulnerable to such projects, continue to partake in the populist mobilization around the ruling Justice and Development Party (AKP)? Grounded in an analysis of how neoliberal assemblages are entangled with urban land markets at the margins of Istanbul, I argue that neoliberal policies are not necessarily implicated in the prevalence of depoliticized individuals, conceptually framed as homo oeconomicus, but can also serve to create a fertile environment for populist mobilization. The partisans and sympathizers of the AKP find that their social and political activities, from neighborhood organizations to single‐party hegemony in the parliament, are inherently inseparable from economic values. At this nexus between populist politics and economic forces, global capital emerges as a salient interlocutor that interfaces with political developments and social characteristics, having various predispositions and predilections—an actor whose miraculous powers can be unleashed and destructive tendencies controlled only through collective political mobilization.
Distributed humanitarianism
Authors: Cullen Dunn Elizabeth , Kaliszewska Iwona 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWhen Russia invaded Ukraine in 2022, the world's largest humanitarian aid agencies were largely nowhere to be seen. In their absence, tens of thousands of volunteers from Ukraine, Poland, and further abroad helped the more than 16 million displaced and war‐affected Ukrainians. This massive volunteer response represents a case of “distributed humanitarianism,” a post‐Fordist form of humanitarian aid that disrupts the Fordist international aid industry that has existed since the end of World War II. Because it uses donated money, labor, and goods; avoids bureaucratic accountability measures; and relies on person‐to‐person aid chains, distributed humanitarianism is faster, more cost‐efficient, and more resilient than large‐scale institutionalized aid.
The association between episiotomy or OASIS at vacuum extraction in nulliparous women and subsequent prelabor cesarean delivery: A nationwide observational study
Authors: Brismar Wendel Sophia , Liu Can , Stephansson Olof 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIntroductionSevere perineal injuries at childbirth affect women's postnatal health, including future childbirths. First births with vacuum extraction carry an increased risk of obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASIS). Lateral or mediolateral episiotomy at vacuum extraction may decrease the risk of OASIS. Our aim was to assess whether lateral or mediolateral episiotomy, or OASIS, at vacuum extraction in nulliparous women is associated with prelabor cesarean delivery in the subsequent childbirth.Material and methodsThis is a nationwide observational study using data from the Swedish Medical Birth Register, including women having a first birth with vacuum extraction and a second birth in 2000–2014. Both births were live, single, cephalic, ≥34 gestational weeks without malformations. The association between episiotomy or OASIS in the first birth and prelabor cesarean delivery in the second birth was examined using univariate and multivariate logistic regression with inverse probability of treatment weighting, and interaction analysis. Main outcome measure was prelabor cesarean delivery in the second birth.ResultsIn total, 44 656 women with vacuum extraction at their first birth were included. The rate of prelabor cesarean delivery in the second birth was 5.9% (824 of 13 950) in women with episiotomy, compared with 6.0% (1830 of 30 706) in women without episiotomy. Thus, women with episiotomy did not have an increased risk of prelabor cesarean delivery (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.00, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.83–1.20) compared with women without episiotomy. For comparison, the rate of prelabor cesarean delivery in the second birth was 20.6% (1275 of 6176) in women with OASIS, compared with 3.6% (1379 of 38 480) in women without OASIS (aOR 6.57, 95% CI 5.97–7.23). There was no interaction between episiotomy and OASIS.ConclusionsLateral or mediolateral episiotomy at vacuum extraction in nulliparous women did not increase the risk of prelabor cesarean delivery in the subsequent childbirth. OASIS increased the odds of prelabor cesarean delivery more than sixfold.
Microaxial circulatory support for percutaneous coronary intervention: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Leon Sophie A. , Rosen Jake L. , Ahmad Danial , Austin Melissa A. , Vishnevsky Alec , Rajapreyar Indranee N. , Ruggiero Nicholas J. , Rame J. Eduardo , Entwistle John W. , Massey Howard T. , Tchantchaleishvili Vakhtang 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundMicroaxial circulatory support devices have been used to support patients treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock (AMICS). The purpose of this systematic review and meta‐analysis was to pool and analyze the existing evidence on the baseline characteristics, periprocedural data, and outcomes of microaxial support before and after PCI in AMICS.MethodsAn electronic database search was performed to identify all cohort studies on Impella and PCI for cardiogenic shock in the English language. A total of five articles comprising 543 patients were included. These patients received microaxial support either before (pre‐PCI) or after (post‐PCI) undergoing PCI. Comparative analyses were done between both groups.ResultsThe mean patient age was 66 years [95% Confidence Interval (58–74)], and 22% (89/396) of patients were female. ST‐elevation myocardial infarctions (MI) comprised 64% (44–80) of MIs and 50% (44–56) of MIs involved the left anterior descending artery. The mean number of diseased vessels was 2.21 (1.62–2.80). The mean left ventricular ejection fraction was 31% (23.4–38.6). The mean arterial pressure was 66.3 mm Hg (54.1–78.5). Mean serum lactate [6.1 mmol/L (3.3–8.9)] and serum creatinine [1.4 mg/dl (1.0–1.7)] were similar between groups. 30‐day mortality was lower in the pre‐PCI group [41% (34%–49%)] compared to the post‐PCI group [61% (42%–77%), p < 0.01]. Pooled Kaplan–Meier analysis showed better early survival in the pre‐PCI group (p < 0.001).ConclusionPatients presenting with AMICS were similar at baseline in both pre‐PCI and post‐PCI groups. Nevertheless, pre‐PCI group showed better early survival compared to post‐PCI group.
Review article: controversies surrounding the use of carvedilol and other beta blockers in the management of portal hypertension and cirrhosis
Authors: Gillespie Sarah‐Louise , Hanrahan Timothy P. , Rockey Don C. , Majumdar Avik , Hayes Peter C. 
Published: January 2023

SummaryBackgroundAdvanced chronic liver disease is an increasing cause of premature morbidity and mortality in the UK. Portal hypertension is the primary driver of decompensation, including the development of ascites, hepatic encephalopathy and variceal haemorrhage. Non‐selective beta blockers (NSBB) reduce portal pressure and are well established in the prevention of variceal haemorrhage. Carvedilol, a newer NSBB, is more effective at reducing portal pressure due to additional α‐adrenergic blockade and has additional anti‐oxidant, anti‐inflammatory and anti‐fibrotic effects.AimTo summarise the available evidence on the use of beta blockers, specifically carvedilol, in cirrhosis, focussing on when and why to startMethodsWe performed a comprehensive literature search of PubMed for relevant publications.ResultsInternational guidelines advise the use of NSBB in primary prophylaxis against variceal haemorrhage in those with high‐risk varices, with substantial evidence of efficacy comparable with endoscopic band ligation (EBL). NSBB are also well established in secondary prophylaxis, in combination with EBL. More controversial is their use in patients without large varices, but with clinically significant portal hypertension. However, there is gathering evidence that NSBB, particularly carvedilol, reduce the risk of decompensation and improve survival. While caution is advised in patients with advanced cirrhosis and refractory ascites, recent evidence suggests that NSBB can continue to be used safely, and that premature discontinuation may be detrimental.ConclusionsWith increasing evidence of benefit independent of variceal bleeding, namely retardation of decompensation and improvement in survival, it is time to consider whether carvedilol should be offered to all patients with advanced chronic liver disease.
Comparison of the efficacy and safety of standard‐ and high‐dose daptomycin: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Samura Masaru , Takada Keisuke , Hirose Naoki , Kurata Takenori , Nagumo Fumio , Uchida Masaki , Inoue Junki , Tanikawa Koji , Enoki Yuki , Taguchi Kazuaki , Matsumoto Kazuaki , Ueda Takashi , Fujimura Shigeru , Mikamo Hiroshige , Takesue Yoshio , Mitsutake Kotaro 
Published: January 2023

AimsStandard doses of daptomycin at 4 and 6 mg/kg were used for the treatment of skin and soft tissue for infections and bacteraemia, respectively. However, increased doses of daptomycin are recommended for complicated infections by Gram‐positive organisms.MethodsA systematic review was conducted using 4 databases. We compared treatment success between standard‐dose (SD, 4–6 mg/kg) and high‐dose (HD, >6 mg/kg) daptomycin in patients with all‐cause bacteraemia, complicated bacteraemia, infective endocarditis, osteomyelitis and foreign body/prosthetic infection as the primary outcome. We also compared the success between SD and HD2 (≥8 mg/kg) daptomycin treatments in patients with these diseases as the secondary outcome. The incidence of creatine phosphokinase (CPK) elevation was evaluated as safety.ResultsIn patients with complicated bacteraemia and infective endocarditis, the treatment success was significantly lower in the SD group than in the HD group (odds ratio [OR] 0.48, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.30–0.76 and OR 0.50, 95% CI 0.30–0.82) and HD2 group (OR 0.38, 95% CI 0.21–0.69 and OR 0.30, 95% CI 0.15–0.60), respectively. A significant difference was demonstrated only in the HD2 group in patients with bacteraemia, including simple infection. SD did not decrease the success rate for the treatment of osteomyelitis and foreign body/prosthetic infection. The incidence of elevated CPK was significantly lower in SD group than in HD group.ConclusionSD daptomycin was associated with significantly lower treatment success than HD in patients with complicated bacteraemia/infective endocarditis. The CPK elevation should be considered in patients treated with high daptomycin doses.
Bile duct ligation increased dopamine levels in the cerebral cortex of rats partly due to induction of tyrosine hydroxylase
Authors: Kong Weimin , Sun Xueying , Yu Siyu , Liu Peihua , Zheng Xiaoke , Zhang Jiaxin , Zhu Liang , Jiang Tianxin , Jin Mengmeng , Gao Jinghui , Fan Xiaomin , Liu Xiaodong , Liu Li 
Published: January 2023

Background and PurposeLiver failure is associated with psychiatric alterations, partly resulting from the increased brain dopamine levels. We investigated the relationship between increased dopamine levels and mental abnormalities using bile duct ligation (BDL) rats and the mechanism by which liver failure increased dopamine levels in SH‐SY5Y cells.Behavioural tests were carried out on day 13 and 27 following BDL, along with measurements of dopamine and metabolites, expressions of enzymes and transporters related to dopamine metabolism, and its transport into the cortex and the hippocampus. SH‐SY5Y cells were used to investigate whether NH4Cl, bile acids and bilirubin affected expression of tyrosine hydroxylase or not. Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) expression in SH‐SY5Y cells co‐incubated with bilirubin and signal pathway inhibitors was measured.Key ResultsOpen‐field test results demonstrated BDL rats showed anxiety‐like behaviour, accompanied by increased dopamine levels and expression of TH protein in the cortex. Membrane bound long form (MB)‐COMT, slightly but significantly decreased. SH‐SY5Y cells indicated that increased bilirubin levels was a factor in inducing TH expression. Both inhibitor of NF‐κB pathway BAY 11‐7082 and silencing NF‐κB p65 reversed bilirubin‐induced upregulation of TH protein. NF‐κB activator TNF‐α increased expression of TH protein. Roles of bilirubin in increases of TH protein expressions and dopamine levels were measured using hyperbilirubinemia rats. Anxiety‐like behaviour, was associated with increased dopamine levels and TH protein expressions in hyperbilirubinemia rats.Conclusion and ImplicationsBDL significantly increased dopamine levels in rat cortex partly due to bilirubin‐mediated TH induction. Increased bilirubin induced TH expression via activating NF‐κB signalling pathway.
Crizotinib‐based proteolysis targeting chimera suppresses gastric cancer by promoting MET degradation
Authors: Chen Jin‐Jiao , Jin Jin‐Mei , Gu Wen‐Jie , Zhao Zeng , Yuan Hu , Zhou Yu‐Dong , Nagle Dale G. , Xi Qiu‐Lei , Zhang Xue‐Mei , Sun Qing‐Yan , Wu Ye , Zhang Wei‐Dong , Luan Xin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAs one of the common malignant cancer types, gastric cancer (GC) is known for late‐stage diagnosis and poor prognosis. Overexpression of the receptor tyrosine kinase MET is associated with poor prognosis among patients with advanced stage GC. However, no MET inhibitor has been used for GC treatment. Like other tyrosine kinase inhibitors that fit the “occupancy‐driven” model, current MET inhibitors are prone to acquired resistance. The emerging proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC) strategy could overcome such limitations through direct degradation of the target proteins. In this study, we successfully transformed the MET‐targeted inhibitor crizotinib into a series of PROTACs, recruiting cereblon/cullin 4A E3 ubiquitin ligase to degrade the MET proteins. The optimized lead PROTAC (PRO‐6 E) effectively eliminated MET proteins in vitro and in vivo, inhibiting proliferation and motility of MET‐positive GC cells. In the MKN‐45 xenograft model, PRO‐6 E showed pronounced antitumor efficacy with a well‐tolerated dosage regimen. These results validated PRO‐6 E as the first oral PROTAC for MET‐dependent GC.
Conversations about violence, risk and responsibility with divorced and support‐seeking fathers in Sweden
Authors: Bruno Linnéa , Eriksson Maria 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to analyse approaches to issues of risk, responsibility and representations of violence in women social workers' conversations with alleged or confirmed violent fathers. The study adds to a growing body of research on agencies' handling of intimate partner violence (IPV) in the context of separation. Empirically, the study draws from 12 structured, audio recorded and transcribed interviews with support‐seeking and divorced fathers, from five municipalities in Sweden, conducted as part of a cooperation project in which a risk‐detection method (Family Law Detection Of Overall Risk Screen [FL‐DOORS]) was also tested. The results suggest a tension between different professional tasks. To validate information on IPV, detect risk and enhance a child perspective competes with other professional projects, most obviously with promoting cooperation between parents. The study confirms previous research, which demonstrates unique challenges facing women social workers and counsellors when working with men as perpetrators. In conclusion, the paper concurs with the call for a focus on responsibility and on safe parenting in professional conversations with allegedly or confirmed abusive fathers.