bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of timber value and carbon credits provided by pure and mixed forests in Taiwan
Authors: Lin Yow-Ru , Liu Wan-Yu 
Published: September 2023

IntroductionClear-cutting an even-aged pure forest is a conventional forest operation for wood production. However, this type of operation is unsuitable for sustainable management with multiple disadvantages. By contrast, mixed forests are a forestation strategy that accommodates diversity. This study aims to assess and compare the timber value and carbon credits of a pure forest and a mixed forest, which is transformed from a pure forest. Two alternative options in managing plantations of pure forest (with Cryptomeria japonica) and mixed forest (with part of C. japonica cut and Cinnamomum camphora replanted) are evaluated considering both timber value and carbon credits. Scenarios with various harvesting intensities and carbon payments were also considered.MethodA theoretical model was applied, converting pure forest into mixed forest, then two species are cut or replanted in the second round. By contrast, in the pure forest situation, the setting for the second rotation period is a pure forest for 20 years. The model was applied in a simulation experiment and the study area is Taiwan. The selected tree species are representative and have been chosen for analysis.ResultsThis study showed that even-aged pure forests had higher wood sales and lower carbon payments than uneven-aged mixed forests. The net present value from market value would be from −255,403 NTD ha−1 to −74,134 NTD ha−1 and that from carbon value will be from 156,076 NTD ha−1 to 208,937 NTD ha−1.DiscussionThis study showed strategies by which values could be increased during the transition from an even-aged pure forest to a mixed forest. Feasible methods included reducing the costs of reforestation, management, and cutting while increasing carbon prices to increase profits from wood and carbon income. A higher harvesting intensity could contribute to greater production and increase the area available for planting, resulting in greater profits from wood and carbon income.
Metabolic profiling of Apostichopus japonicus body wall exposed to a typical type of PBDEs: potential health risks and impact on sea cucumber health
Authors: Ding Kui , Zhuo Pengji , Ge Meiling , Liao Xiaomei , Mo Jing , Liu Shilin , Xu Qinzeng , Zhang Xuelei 
Published: September 2023

IntroductionSea cucumbers are cultivated mainly for their valuable body wall. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers are common persistent pollutants in sea waters with known impacts on aquatic animals nonetheless not yet studied for the body wall of sea cucumbers.MethodsUsing ltra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Triple-TOF-MS), we investigated the metabolic impact of 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) on the body wall of Apostichopus japonicus. etabolite changes and metabolic pathway alterations were assessed in response to three distinct concentrations of BDE-47: 0.1 µg/L, 1.0 µg/L, and 10.0 µg/L.REsultsExposure to BDE-47 led to notable alterations in the metabolic profiles of the body wall. A total of 95~102 metabolites in the 0.1 ~ 10.0 µg/L BDE-47 treated group were altered significantly, and various disrupted metabolic pathways were identified and characterized. These metabolites and metabolic pathways were mainly involved in lipid metabolism, energy metabolism, immunity, oxidative stress, inflammation, and neurotoxicity.DiscussionThe findings of our study shed light on the potential health risks that polybrominated diphenyl ethers present to sea cucumbers. This underscores the imperative for both researchers and policymakers to delve deeper into further investigations and studies. These results indicate the necessity for enhanced monitoring and management practices within the sea cucumber aquaculture industry to mitigate the impact of these persistent organic pollutants and protect the health and safety of this valuable resource.
Adverse drug events in Chinese elder inpatients: a retrospective review for evaluating the efficiency of the Global Trigger Tool
Authors: Yu Nan , Wu Liuyun , Yin Qinan , Du Shan , Liu Xinxia , Wu Shan , Tong Rongsheng , Yan Junfeng , Bian Yuan 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundElderly patients frequently experience a high incidence of adverse drug events (ADEs) due to the coexistence of multiple diseases, the combination of various medications, poor medication compliance, and other factors. Global Trigger Tool (GTT) is a new method for identifying ADEs, introducing the concept of a trigger, that is, clues including abnormal laboratory values, reversal drugs, and clinical symptoms that may suggest ADEs, and specifically locating information related to ADEs in the medical record to identify ADEs. The aim of this study was to establish a GTT-based trigger tool for adverse medication events in elderly patients and to investigate the risk variables associated with such events.MethodsThe triggers were identified by reviewing the frequency of ADEs in elderly patients in Sichuan, China, retrieving relevant literature, and consulting experts. A retrospective analysis was carried out to identify adverse medication occurrences among 480 elderly inpatients in Sichuan People’s Hospital.ResultsA total of 56 ADEs were detected in 51 patients (10.62%), 13.04 per 1,000 patient days, and 11.67 per 100 admissions. The overall positive predictive value (PPV) of the triggers was 23.84, and 94.64% of ADEs caused temporary injury. Gastrointestinal system injury (27.87%) and metabolic and nutritional disorders (24.53%) were the primary organ-systems affected by ADEs. The majority of ADEs were caused by drugs used to treat cardiovascular diseases. 71.43% of ADE occurred within 2 days of administration and the risk factor analysis of ADE revealed that the number of medicines had a significant correlation.ConclusionThis study demonstrated GTT’s value as a tool for ADEs detection in elderly inpatients in China. It enhances the level of medication management and comprehensively reflects the situation of ADE of the elderly.
The efficacy and safety of tyrosine kinase 2 inhibitor deucravacitinib in the treatment of plaque psoriasis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Qiu Jingyue , Liu Jiakuo , Liu Wenwen , Lin Fei , Shi Ning 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundOrally effective therapeutics for plaque psoriasis with improved response rates, lower toxicity and costs are needed in clinical practices. This study aims to assess the efficacy and safety of the recently approved TYK2 inhibitor deucravacitinib in adults with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis through meta-analysis.MethodsA systematic search was performed for eligible studies using electronic databases, including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Clinical Trials, the EU Clinical Trials Register, and the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP). Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the efficacy and safety of deucravacitinib vs. placebo or active comparators in adult patients with plaque psoriasis were included. The effectiveness of deucravacitinib was evaluated using a 75% improvement in Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI 75) from baseline and the proportion of patients achieving the static Physician’s Global Assessment (sPGA) response. The secondary endpoint was the proportion of patients achieving PASI 90, PASI 100, ssPGA 0/1, and Dermatology Life Quality Index 0/1 (DLQI). The incidence of adverse events (AEs), serious AEs (SAEs), and AE-related treatment discontinuation were statistically analyzed to determine the safety of deucravacitinib.ResultsThe systematic review and meta-analysis included five RCTs involving 2,198 patients with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis. Results showed that deucravacitinib was superior to placebo as well as active comparator apremilast in multiple key endpoints, including PASI 75, sPGA 0/1, PASI 90, PASI 100, DLQI 0/1 at week 16. Moreover, a durable response was seen in the two 52-week studies. Safety assessment showed that deucravacitinib was generally well tolerated, and the incidence of AEs, SAEs, and AE-related treatment discontinuation was low and balanced across groups.ConclusionDeucravacitinib demonstrated superior efficacy to apremilast in adult patients with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis with an acceptable safety profile and has the potential to be used as the first-line oral therapy for plaque psoriasis.
A three-component Breakfast Quality Score (BQS) to evaluate the nutrient density of breakfast meals
Authors: Poinsot Romane , Maillot Matthieu , Masset Gabriel , Drewnowski Adam 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundNutrient profiling methods can be applied to individual foods or to composite meals. This article introduces a new method to assess the nutrient density of breakfast meals.ObjectiveThis study aimed to develop a new breakfast quality score (BQS), based on the nutrient standards previously published by the International Breakfast Research Initiative (IBRI) consortium.MethodsBQS was composed of three sub-scores derived from the weighted arithmetic mean of corresponding nutrient adequacy: an eLIMf sub-score (energy, saturated fat, free sugars, and sodium), a PF (protein and fiber) sub-score, and a VMn1 − 14 micronutrient sub-score, where n varied from 0 to 14. The effects of assigning different weights to the eLIMf, PF, and VMn were explored in four alternative models. The micronutrients were calcium, iron, potassium, magnesium, zinc, vitamin A, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin B5, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, vitamin C, and vitamin D. Micronutrient permutations were used to develop alternate VMn1 − 14 sub-scores. The breakfast database used in this study came from all breakfasts declared as consumed by adults (&gt;18 years old) in the French dietary survey INCA3. All models were tested with respect to the Nutrient Rich Food Index (NRF9.3). BQS sensitivity was tested using three prototype French breakfasts, for which improvements were made.ResultsThe correlations of the models with NRF9.3 improved when the VMn&gt;3 sub-score (n &gt; 3) was included alongside the PF and eLIMf sub-scores. The model with (PF+VMn) and eLIMf each accounting for 50% of the total score showed the highest correlations with NRF9.3 and was the preferred final score (i.e., BQS). BQS was sensitive to the changing quality of three prototype breakfasts defined as tartine, sandwich, and cereal.ConclusionThe proposed BQS was shown to valuably rank the nutritional density of breakfast meals against a set of nutrient recommendations. It includes nutrients to limit along with protein, fiber, and a variable number of micronutrients to encourage. The flexible VMn sub-score allows for the evaluation of breakfast quality even when nutrient composition data are limited.
Beat cues facilitate time estimation at longer intervals
Authors: Torres Nathércia L. , Castro São Luís , Silva Susana 
Published: September 2023

IntroductionTime perception in humans can be relative (beat-based) or absolute (duration-based). Although the classic view in the field points to different neural substrates underlying beat-based vs. duration-based mechanisms, recent neuroimaging evidence provided support to a unified model wherein these two systems overlap. In line with this, previous research demonstrated that internalized beat cues benefit motor reproduction of longer intervals (&gt; 5.5 s) by reducing underestimation, but little is known about this effect on pure perceptual tasks. The present study was designed to investigate whether and how interval estimation is modulated by available beat cues.MethodsTo that end, we asked 155 participants to estimate auditory intervals ranging from 500 ms to 10 s, while manipulating the presence of cues before the interval, as well as the reinforcement of these cues by beat-related interference within the interval (vs. beat-unrelated and no interference).ResultsBeat cues aided time estimation depending on interval duration: for intervals longer than 5 s, estimation was better in the cue than in the no-cue condition. Specifically, the levels of underestimation decreased in the presence of cues, indicating that beat cues had a facilitating effect on time perception very similar to the one observed previously for time production.DiscussionInterference had no effects, suggesting that this manipulation was not effective. Our findings are consistent with the idea of cooperation between beat- and duration-based systems and suggest that this cooperation is quite similar across production and perception.
A protocol of Chinese expert consensuses for the management of health risk in the general public
Authors: Wang Danni , He Qiangsheng , Xia Bin , Zheng Jie , Cao Wangnan , Su Shaochen , Hu Fulan , Li Jiang , Zhang Yuelun , Ren Zhengjia , Li Xue , Wu Xinyin , Huang Yafang , Tang Yongjiang , Wei Fuxin , Zou Huachun , Jiang Huaili , Huang Junjie , Meng Wenbo , Bai Ming , Yang Kehu , Yuan Jinqiu ,   on behalf of the Chinese Health RIsk MAnagement Collaboration (CHRIMAC)
Published: September 2023

IntroductionNon-communicable diseases (NCDs) represent the leading cause of mortality and disability worldwide. Robust evidence has demonstrated that modifiable lifestyle factors such as unhealthy diet, smoking, alcohol consumption and physical inactivity are the primary causes of NCDs. Although a series of guidelines for the management of NCDs have been published in China, these guidelines mainly focus on clinical practice targeting clinicians rather than the general population, and the evidence for NCD prevention based on modifiable lifestyle factors has been disorganized. Therefore, comprehensive and evidence-based guidance for the risk management of major NCDs for the general Chinese population is urgently needed. To achieve this overarching aim, we plan to develop a series of expert consensuses covering 15 major NCDs on health risk management for the general Chinese population. The objectives of these consensuses are (1) to identify and recommend suitable risk assessment methods for the Chinese population; and (2) to make recommendations for the prevention of major NCDs by integrating the current best evidence and experts’ opinions.Methods and analysisFor each expert consensus, we will establish a consensus working group comprising 40–50 members. Consensus questions will be formulated by integrating literature reviews, expert opinions, and an online survey. Systematic reviews will be considered as the primary evidence sources. We will conduct new systematic reviews if there are no eligible systematic reviews, the methodological quality is low, or the existing systematic reviews have been published for more than 3 years. We will evaluate the quality of evidence and make recommendations according to the GRADE approach. The consensuses will be reported according to the Reporting Items for Practice Guidelines in Healthcare (RIGHT).
Mutations Linked to Insecticide Resistance Not Detected in the Ace-1 or VGSC Genes in Nyssorhynchus darlingi from Multiple Localities in Amazonian Brazil and Peru
Authors: Bickersmith Sara A. , Jurczynski John D. , Sallum Maria Anice Mureb , Chaves Leonardo S. M. , Bergo Eduardo S. , Rodriguez Gloria A. D. , Morante Clara A. , Rios Carlos T. , Saavedra Marlon P. , Alava Freddy , Gamboa Dionicia , Vinetz Joseph M. , Conn Jan E. 
Published: September 2023

Indoor residual spray (IRS), mainly employing pyrethroid insecticides, is the most common intervention for preventing malaria transmission in many regions of Latin America; the use of long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) has been more limited. Knockdown resistance (kdr) is a well-characterized target-site resistance mechanism associated with pyrethroid and DDT resistance. Most mutations detected in acetylcholinesterase-1 (Ace-1) and voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) genes are non-synonymous, resulting in a change in amino acid, leading to the non-binding of the insecticide. In the present study, we analyzed target-site resistance in Nyssorhynchus darlingi, the primary malaria vector in the Amazon, in multiple malaria endemic localities. We screened 988 wild-caught specimens of Ny. darlingi from three localities in Amazonian Peru and four in Amazonian Brazil. Collections were conducted between 2014 and 2021. The criteria were Amazonian localities with a recent history as malaria hotspots, primary transmission by Ny. darlingi, and the use of both IRS and LLINs as interventions. Fragments of Ace-1 (456 bp) and VGSC (228 bp) were amplified, sequenced, and aligned with Ny. darlingi sequences available in GenBank. We detected only synonymous mutations in the frequently reported Ace-1 codon 280 known to confer resistance to organophosphates and carbamates, but detected three non-synonymous mutations in other regions of the gene. Similarly, no mutations linked to insecticide resistance were detected in the frequently reported codon (995) at the S6 segment of domain II of VGSC. The lack of genotypic detection of insecticide resistance mutations by sequencing the Ace-1 and VGSC genes from multiple Ny. darlingi populations in Brazil and Peru could be associated with low-intensity resistance, or possibly the main resistance mechanism is metabolic.
On Linear Perfect b-Symbol Codes over Finite Fields
Authors: Abdukhalikov Kanat , Chen Jiajie , Feng Rongquan 
Published: September 2023

Motivated by the application of high-density data storage technologies, Cassuto and Blaum introduced codes for symbol-pair read channels in 2011, and Yaakobi et al. generalized the coding framework to that for b-symbol read channels where b≥2 in 2016. In this paper, we establish a b-sphere-packing bound and present a recurrence relationship for the b-weight enumerator. We determine all parameters of linear perfect b-symbol e-error-correcting codes over Fq for e<2b and show that for 2b≤e<3b, there exist at most finite such codes for a given b, e, and q. We construct a family of linear perfect b-symbol b-error-correcting codes over Fq using constacyclic codes.
Definition and Classification of the Term Pedagogical Innovation - Systematic Review Study
Authors: Barčíková Nikola 
Published: September 2023

The article is based on a systematic review study, which includes systematization, collection and analysis of relevant scientific studies in the field of pedagogy related to the issue of the definition of pedagogical innovation, its types and forms at the first level of primary schools. The main objective of the review study was to identify the definition of the concept of pedagogical innovation and its classification of types, kinds and forms at the first level of primary schools in the professional literature. We selected the analysed literature according to criteria: scientific studies and articles published in scientific journals and periodicals, studies related to the issue of pedagogical innovation at the primary level of education, studies published in the last 20 years, studies in Slovak, Czech and English languages. We have identified a number of problems that we propose to address at the research level. These are: synonymous understanding of the terms pedagogical innovation and reform, semantic meaning of the word pedagogical innovation, pedagogical innovation and its form in the process of social change, the connection of pedagogical innovation with the innovation process, the innovation cycle, the creation of conditions in school education for the introduction of pedagogical innovations, criteria for classifying pedagogical innovation.
Edytorial: Pasja w wychowaniu człowieka
Authors: Kaczor Agnieszka , Szymańska Maria 
Published: September 2023

Problematyka dotycząca pasji w wychowaniu, w edukacji, pojawia się coraz częściej w przestrzeni teoriopoznawczej, empirycznej jak i praktycznej, co wskazuje na jej istotne znaczenie dla funkcjonowania człowieka w świecie, dla budowania relacji ze sobą, z innymi, z Bogiem. Pasja niejednokrotnie określana jest jako siła motywująca i dynamizująca człowieka do działania. Jest określana jako czynnik umożliwiający szersze poznawanie „Self”. Sprzyja rozwijaniu autonomicznej tożsamości; prowokuje do refleksji; wzmacnia siłę woli i zaangażowanie pomimo trudności, jakie trzeba pokonać, zwłaszcza gdy dotyczy to pasji harmonijnej (H.P.) - opisanej szerzej w pracach Roberta J. Valleranda. Biorąc pod uwagę tak istotne znaczenie pasji w życiu człowieka, zwłaszcza w obszarze edukacyjnym, w imieniu całej Redakcji zapraszamy naszych Czytelników do zapoznania się z treściami niniejszego numeru Horyzontów Wychowania.
The Role of Passion Combined with the Mission to Protect Humanity Reflected in the Memoirs of Ludwik Hirszfeld
Authors: Józefów–Czerwińska Bożena 
Published: September 2023

RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: The aim of the analysis is to illustrate the importance of Ludwig Hirszfeld’s scientific and research passion combined with his mission to protect humanity. The topic is explored in a specific historical context, which has educational value.
THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND METHODS: The central problem of this study is the question of what is the significance of an individual who, despite the most difficult experiences, is able to overcome fear and act to protect the dignity of people subjected to dehumanization. The research methodology used was memory studies.
THE PROCESS OF ARGUMENTATION: The article discusses facts, mainly related to the time of World War II, including selected contexts from the biography of Ludwig Hirszfeld, who took on the mission of conquering hatred and contempt towards the victims of the German Nazis.
RESEARCH RESULTS: History education, along with learning about the memories of Holocaust victims, helps younger generations understand the importance of the mission to protect those at risk of losing their human rights.
CONCLUSIONS, INNOVATIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS: Learning about those who opposed the German Nazis, and others who defended the dignity of every human being should be a subject of education for young people. This knowledge can make younger generations aware of the important role individuals can play in protecting life, which is the highest value.