bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Onsite Early Prediction of Peak Amplitudes of Ground Motion Using Multi-scale STFT Spectrogram
Authors: Hsu Ting-Yu , Liu Kuan-Lin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
On-site earthquake early warning (EEW) techniques, relying on single-station seismic wave measurements, have demonstrated efficacy in mitigating damage caused by destructive earthquakes. Traditionally, these methods leverage diverse P-wave attributes from the initial seismic wave seconds subsequent to the trigger event to estimate earthquake intensity and potential harm. Recent advancements in deep learning, particularly convolutional neural networks (CNN), have introduced several approaches for predicting peak ground amplitudes in EEW, yielding promising outcomes. In this study, we propose employing a multi-scale short-time frequency transform spectrogram as the input for a CNN prediction model to enable early on-site estimation of peak ground acceleration, velocity, and displacement. We evaluate the predictive accuracy for earthquakes containing low-frequency components and contrast the results against alternative methods utilizing wavelet packet transform spectrogram and a combined input of time history and Fourier spectrum. Our findings indicate reduced errors in the predicted peak ground motion amplitudes using the proposed methodology, particularly in relation to peak ground velocity and displacement, as compared to the alternative approaches investigated.
Perioperative efficacy and safety of nerve blocks in elderly patients undergoing hip surgery:A single-centre randomized trial
Authors: Han Yu , Jiang Peng , Wu Jin , Chen Li , Jing Zhaojun , Zeng Rui , Dai Lei 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective
As patient comfort is important, the importance of preventive analgesia is increasing. This trial was conducted to explore the efficacy and safety of ultrasound-guided quadratus lumborum block for elderly patients in the perioperative period of hip surgery.
Methods
Patients who planned to undergo hip surgery were randomly assigned to the intervention group or the control group. The intervention group received an ultrasound-guided quadratus lumborum block one day before surgery. The pain score, sleep quality, inflammatory indexes and incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.
Results
We conducted a randomized, controlled, double-blind trial. Patients who planned to undergo hip surgery were recruited and randomly assigned to either the intervention group or the control group. A total of 83 patients were included in the trial. The NRS score of the intervention group was significantly lower than that of the control group at 4 h after nerve block and in the knee-thoracic position under anaesthesia (P < 0.05). The sleep quality of the two groups was significantly better on the day of surgery and postoperative day 1 and 2 days than that before surgery (P < 0.05).
Conclusions
Ultrasound-guided quadratus lumborum block for preventive analgesia in elderly patients undergoing hip surgery can effectively relieve acute pain, reduce pain associated with position change under anaesthesia, improve sleep quality during the perioperative period, and avoid increasing inflammatory stress or the incidence of adverse reactions.
Trial registration:
Clinical trial registration number: ChiCTR2100050537. Full date of the first registration: 28/08/2021.
Moderate-coherence sensing with optical cavities: ultra-high accuracy meets ultra-high measurement bandwidth and range
Authors: Dickmann Johannes , Neto Liam Shelling , Sauer Steffen , Kroker Stefanie 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Interferometric sensors, renowned for their exceptional accuracy, leverage the wave properties of coherent electromagnetic radiation. The periodicity of the measurement signal often critically limits the measurement range of sensors utilizing interferometry. This contribution introduces a cavity-based interferometry concept that capitalizes on a laser with moderate coherence, thereby combining ultra-high accuracy with ultra-high measurement bandwidth and range. To this end mid-fringe detection is combined with measurements of the interferometric visibility. We present experimental results that demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach exemplarily for length sensing. Notably, our system achieves an accuracy of 1 nm with a measurement range of 120 μm (0.00083%) and a bandwidth ranging from 0 Hz to 20 kHz. These findings pave the way for advancements in high-precision sensing applications that demand simultaneous accuracy, measurement range and bandwidth.
Network pharmacology and experimental validation to explore the role and potential mechanism of Liuwei Dihuang Decoction in prostate cancer
Authors: Zhan Xiangyang , Zhai Xinyu , Li Haoze , Ju Xiran , Jv Guanqun , Chen Xinglin , Jin Jingyun , Hu Yonghong , Yuan Fuwen , Gu Jianyi , Xu DongLiang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Objective To evaluate the anti-tumor effector of Liuwei Dihuang Decoction (LWDHD) in prostate cancer (PCa) and explore the potential mechanism using experimental validation, network pharmacology, bioinformatics analysis, and molecular docking.Methods CCK test and wound-healing assays were used to determine the effect of LWDHD on prostate cancer growth and metastasis. The active components and targets of LWDHD were obtained from the TCMSP database, and the relevant targets were selected by GeneCards, OMIM and Disgenet databases for PC. The cross-targets of drugs and diseases were imported into the STRING database to construct protein interactions. The network is also visualized using Cytoscape software and core targets are screened using the Network Analyzer plug-in. The Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment were analyzed using R language, genome, and genome. TCGA database was used to analyze the correlation of bioinformatics genes. AutoDock vina was used to predict the molecular docking and binding ability of active ingredients to key targets.Results CCK and scratch tests confirmed that LWDHD could inhibit the proliferation, invasion and migration of prostate cancer cells. LWDHD and Pca had a total of 99 common targets, establishing a "drug-ingredient-common target" network. Through GO and KEGG enrichment analysis, PI3K/AKT, MAPK, TP53 pathway, MYC, TNF pathway and other signaling pathways were found. Bioinformatics analysis showed that MYC gene was highly expressed and CCND1 and MAPK1 were low expressed in prostate cancer tissues. In addition, TP53, AKT1, MYC, TNF and CCND1 were positively correlated with MAPK1, among which AKT1 and CCND1 were most closely correlated with MAPK1. Molecular docking results showed that quercetin, kaempferol, β-sitosterol and other main active components of LWDHD treatment for prostate cancer were well combined with core proteins MAPK1 and AKT1.Conclusion The mechanism of LWDHD therapy for PCa is a multi-target and multi-pathway complex process, which may be related to the biological processes mediated by MAPK1 and AKT1 pathways, such as cell proliferation and inhibition of metastasis, and the regulation of signaling pathways.
Chemical Eye Injuries: A 10 year retrospective review of acute presentations and clinical outcomes in Auckland, New Zealand
Authors: Allen Natalie , Crawford Alexandra , McGhee Charles , Meyer Jay 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective
To assess the aetiologies, clinical characteristics, treatment regimens, and outcomes of acute chemical injuries treated at an emergency eye clinic.
Methods
Retrospective, observational study of all cases of chemical eye injury that presented acutely to the Greenlane Clinical Centre in Auckland, New Zealand from 1 January 2012 through 31 December 2021. Patient demographics, activity at time of injury, causative chemical, clinical characteristics of injury at presentation, severity (Dua) classification, admission and discharge best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), treatment regimen, time to epithelisation and number of follow up appointments were recorded.
Results
In total, 1522 cases involving 1919 eyes were studied. The mean age was 40.6±18.8 years and 65% were male. The majority of cases occurred at home (62%) and cleaning was the most common activity (38%). There were 1490 Grade I (98%), 22 Grade II (1.5%), 5 Grade III (0.3%), 1 Grade IV (0.07%), 0 grade V, and 4 Grade VI (0.3%) cases. An epithelial defect was noted in 409 cases (26.9%), of which re-epithelialisation occurred within one week for 378 cases (92%) and within 30 days for 384 cases (94%). Moderate vision loss (BCVA ≤ 6/12) attributed to the injury occurred in 152(10%), while severe vision loss (BCVA ≤ 6/60) occurred in 30(2%). Approximately 70% of moderate and severe injuries had no ocular irrigation at the scene.
Conclusions
Most acute chemical injuries are mild with good clinical outcomes. Although rare, severe injuries are associated with a lack of irrigation at the scene and lack of adequate eye protection.
Effects of individualized physiotherapeutic interventions on functioning and health in postpartum women who have suffered a levator ani muscle injury. A pilot randomized controlled trial
Authors: Montejo Rocio , Hermansson Jonas , Nilsson Annelie , Arkel Elisabeth , Keller Lisa , Gutke Annelie 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
The levator ani muscle (LAM) has a central role in pelvic organ support and maintaining urinary and fecal continence. It is unclear if women with levator ani muscle injuries (LAI) due to vaginal delivery respond to pelvic floor muscle physiotherapy. This pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) will evaluate an individualized physiotherapy program in primiparous women, who have known risk factors for LAI, after simplex vaginal delivery.
Methods
This pilot RCT is currently recruiting at three hospitals in the Västra Götaland County in Sweden (expected enrollment n = 78). The main objective is to demonstrate clinical trial feasibility, including the feasibility and acceptability of randomizing the intervention and collection of outcome measures. Women with LAI diagnosed based on three-dimensional (3D) transperineal ultrasound 10–12 weeks after delivery will be randomized to receive individualized physiotherapy (intervention) or standard care (control). Women without LAI will comprise a third arm. Individualized physiotherapy will be tailored based on patient needs, clinical findings, and symptoms starting at 3 months postpartum to approximately 1 year. Standard care will follow regional postpartum guidelines. The study will evaluate pelvic floor muscle morphometry by 3D transperineal ultrasound and the Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification Examination (POP-Q) at 3 and 12 months. Patient-reported urogynecological symptoms, sexual function, and fear-avoidance beliefs will be assessed using validated questionnaires at 3, 6, and 12 months.
Discussion
Individualized pelvic floor physiotherapy regimens have the potential to alleviate symptoms and improve the quality of life of women with LAI, which have a considerable personal, societal, and health economic impact. The findings of the study will serve as the basis for a larger-scale multicenter RCT.
Trial registration:
ClinicalTrials.gov, Unique Protocol ID: 278806, NCT05617092, on November 15, 2022.
Spectral stability of V2-centres in sub-micron
4H-SiC membranes
Authors: Körber Jonathan , Heiler Jonah , Hesselmeier Erik , Kuna Pierre , Stöhr Rainer , Fuchs Philipp , Ghezellou Misagh , Ul-Hassan Jawad , Knolle Wolfgang , Becher Christoph , Kaiser Florian , Wrachtrup Jörg 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Colour centres in silicon carbide emerge as a promising semiconductor quantum technology platform with excellent
spin-optical coherences. However, recent efforts towards maximising the photonic efficiency via integration into
nanophotonic structures proved to be challenging due to reduced spectral stabilities. Here, we provide a large-scale
systematic investigation on silicon vacancy centres in thin silicon carbide membranes with thicknesses down to 0.25 μm.
Our membrane fabrication process involves a combination of chemical mechanical polishing, reactive ion etching, and
subsequent annealing. This leads to highly reproducible membranes with roughness values of 3–4 Å, as well as negligible
surface fluorescence. We find that silicon vacancy centres show close-to lifetime limited optical linewidths with
almost no signs of spectral wandering down to membrane thicknesses of ∼0.7 μm. For silicon vacancy centres in thinner
membranes down to 0.25 μm, we observe spectral wandering, however, optical linewidths remain below 200 MHz,
which is compatible with spin-selective excitation schemes. Our work clearly shows that silicon vacancy centres can
be integrated into sub-micron silicon carbide membranes, which opens the avenue towards obtaining the necessary
improvements in photon extraction efficiency based on nanophotonic structuring.
Upregulation of HOXA3 by Isoform-Specific Wilms Tumor 1 Drives Chemotherapy Resistance in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Zhang Haijiao , Chen Reid , Allen Basil , Ryabinin Peter , Bottomly Daniel , Savoy Lindsey , Goff Bonnie , Wang Anthony , McWheeney Shannon 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Upregulation of the Wilms' Tumor 1 (WT1) gene is common in acute myeloid leukemia and is associated with poor prognosis. WT1 produces 12 primary transcripts through different translation initiation sites and alternative splicing. We found that overexpression of short WT1 transcripts lacking exon 5 with and without the KTS motif (sWT1+/- and sWT1-/-) led to reduced cell growth. However, only sWT1+/- resulted in decreased CD71 expression, G1 arrest, and cytarabine resistance. Primary AML patient cells with low CD71 expression exhibit relative resistance to cytarabine, suggesting that CD71 may serve as a potential biomarker for chemotherapy. RNAseq differential gene expression analysis identified two transcription factors, HOXA3 and GATA2, that are specifically upregulated in sWT1+/- cells. Overexpression of either HOXA3 or GATA2 reproduced the effects of sWT1+/-, including decreased cell growth, G1 arrest, reduced CD71 expression, and cytarabine resistance. Furthermore, sWT1+/-, HOXA3, and GATA2 regulate cell growth and cytarabine sensitivity in a context-dependent manner, likely dependent on HOXA3 expression. HOXA3 expression correlates with chemotherapy response and overall survival in NPM1-negative leukemia specimens. Overexpression of HOXA3 leads to drug resistance against a broad spectrum of chemotherapeutic agents. Our results suggest that WT1 modulates drug sensitivity in an isoform-specific manner by promoting HOXA3 expression.
Use of Thermographic Imaging for the Evaluation of Erectile Dysfunction and Peyronie’s Disease
Authors: Crisostomo-Wynne Theodore , Hertz Alexandria , Maloney Trevor , Walter Jack , Caras Ronald 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
Thermographic imaging is an easily performed test and has been used in prior research to assess for arousal by changes in genital temperature but has not be previously studied for quantitative measurements of erectile function.
Aim
The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between infrared thermographic imaging and penile duplex ultrasonography (PDDU) for the measurement of cavernosal arterial flow in the evaluation of erectile function.
Methods
Men who presented to the urology clinic for PDDU for any reason had thermographic imaging and PDDU performed in the flaccid state and in the erect state after injection of intracavernosal alprostadil. If the men had PDDU performed for Peyronie’s disease (PD) additional thermographic measurements were taken in the area of the plaque.
Outcomes
Changes in temperature as seen on thermographic imaging of the penis were assessed for correlation with changes cavernosal arterial flow on PDDU.
Results
30 men participated in this study. The mean age was 58. 23% (7/30) had Peyronie’s disease. The change in the measured temperature between flaccid and erect states correlated significantly with the change in peak systolic velocity r = 0.42 (p = 0.02). In the small sample of men with PD the mean temperature of the penis in the area of the plaque was 35.2°C compared to 36.1°C of the rest of the penis (p = 0.45). The change in temperature of the plaque was +0.9°C compared with +2.1°C (p = 0.28).
Strengths and Limitations
Strengths of this study is the comparison of this novel use of technology to the existing gold standard with quantitative measurements. The major limitation is a small sample size, especially in the PD subgroup.
Conclusion
In this pilot study, thermographic imaging shows promising correlation with the gold standard PDDU for the evaluation of erectile function.
Satellite observations reveal a stagnation of flood vulnerability reduction globally in the 21st century
Authors: Sauer Inga , Mester Benedikt , Frieler Katja , Zimmermann Sandra , Schewe Jacob , Otto Christian 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Global flood impacts have risen in recent decades and are projected to increase due to climate change and socio-economic expansion. While increasing exposure was the dominant driver of surging impacts, counteracting vulnerability reductions have been detected, but were too weak to reverse this trend. To assess the progress on vulnerability reduction in the 21st century, we combine newly available satellite observations of flooded areas for 913 events with four global disaster databases, and spatially-explicit data on structural and socio-economic characteristics. Event-specific flood vulnerabilities for assets, fatalities and displacements reveal a lack of progress in reducing global flood vulnerability from 2000—2018. Going beyond previous analyses on the income dependency of vulnerabilities, we examine their dependencies upon human development index, flood experience and local structural characteristics linked to the quality of governance. We find that vulnerability levels are significantly reduced in areas with better structural characteristics, while the effect of flood experience is limited to a reduction in flood mortality. Vulnerabilities are higher in low developed areas, but overall the effect of increasing socio-economic development was insufficient to significantly reduce vulnerabilities over the study period. Nevertheless, the strong dependence of vulnerability on structural characteristics reveals further potential for adaptation through vulnerability reduction.
Clinical Effectiveness of Physical training incorporating Tuina therapy in Patients with Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Yang Dan , Zhu Qiaochu , Zhao Yan , Chen Gang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease, as the limitations of drug therapies, there is an increasing focus on a rehabilitation approach that includes Physical training (PT) and Tuina therapy. This study aims to investigate the protective effects of PT and Tuina therapy on physical function, Lung function, and quality of life in patients with ALS.
Methods: This study is a randomized controlled trial. Patients will be divided into an experimental group or control group at a 1:1 ratio, with each group will both have oral Riluzole. The experimental group will conduct PT and Tuina therapy for 4 weeks, while patients in the control group will be instructed to perform basic stretching exercises of the upper and lower limbs at home for 4 weeks. The ALS Functional Rating Scale-Revised scores (ALSFRS-R), Manual muscle test (MMT), Modified Ashworth spasm scale (MAS), Forced vital capacity (FVC), Vital capacity (VC), Forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), FEV1/FVC, Peak expiratory flow (PEF), and Maximal voluntary ventilation (MVV), ALS Assessment Questionnaire (ALSAQ-40) scores) and safety measures will be collected at baseline, after 4 weeks, and during follow-ups every 6 months for 2 years.
Discussion: This study will provide evidence-based medical corroboration for the clinical application of Physical training incorporating Tuina therapy in Patients with ALS and promote the development and application of this Comprehensive early rehabilitation.
Trial registration: Chinese clinical trial registry, ChiCTR2300068650. Date: 2023-02-27. https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=186359
Insights into the multi-chromosomal mitochondrial genome structure of the Xero- halophytic plant Haloxylon ammodendron (C.A.Mey.) Bunge ex Fenzl
Authors: Yang Lulu , Guo Wenjun , Zheng Zehan , Xiao Tian 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Haloxylon ammodendron is an important ecological plant due to its adaptation ability in desert conditions, halophytic environments, and the fixation of sand. It is a promising plant with the ecological value that could help carbon sequestration and a valuable C4 plant model for elucidating the genetic basis of extreme drought tolerance. Although plastid and nuclear genomes were made available, the lack of a mitochondrial genome hampered comprehensive insights into its mitogenome structure organization and phylogenetic implications.
Results
In the present study, the mitochondrial genome of H. ammodendron was assembled and annotated, resulting in a multi-chromosomal configuration with two circular chromosomes. The mitogenome was 210,149 bp in length and contained 31 protein-coding genes, 18 tRNA, and three rRNA. A total of 66 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) were identified. Besides, 27 tandem repeats, 312 forward repeats, and 303 palindromic repeats were found. A set of 17 sequence fragments were found homologous between the mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes, spanning 5,233 bp, accounting for 2.49% of the total mitogenome size. In total, 337 RNA editing sites were predicted, all C-to-U conversion types. Phylogenetic inference confidently placed H. ammodendron in the Amaranthacea family and its close relative, Suaeda glacum.
Conclusions
H. ammodendron mitogenome showed a multi-chromosome structure with two fully circularized molecules. The present mitogenome represents a valuable resource for understanding the basis of mitogenome structure variation within Caryophyllales and evolution in land plants, their identification, and classification.
Unmusking of Protein Phosphatase 2 Regulatory Subunit B as a crucial factor in the development and progression of dilated cardiomyopathy
Authors: Peng Luying , Li Li , Fan Huimin , Lin Fang , Liang Xiaoting , Zhu Yuping , Meng Yilei , Zhou Xiaohui , Yi Na , Lin Qin , Hu Sangyu , Sheng Jie , He Siyu , Sachinidis Agapios 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is one of the major causes of heart failure (HF). However, although significant progress was made in elucidating the underlying mechanisms, the actual therapeutic efforts are inefficient. Here we investigated the potential role of Ppp2r5d, a protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) regulatory subunit for the development of DCM. We observed that the mRNA level of Ppp2r5d mRNA level was decreased and upregulated in the plasma of DCM patients. Knockdown of Ppp2r5d in murine cardiomyocytes increased the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and reduced ATP synthesis. In a mouse experimental DCM model, heart-specific Ppp2r5d knockdown aggravated the pathogenesis of DCM and induced HF. Mechanistically, Ppp2r5d-deficient cardiomyocytes indicated an elevation of the phosphorylation of Stat3 at the Y705 site, leading to the upregulation of hypertrophic genes such as Anp and Bnp and interleukin 6 (IL6). In parallel, Ppp2r5d-deficient cardiomyocytes indicated a decreased phosphorylation level of Stat3 at S727, an impaired mitochondrial electron transport chain, ATP synthesis and impaired ROS levels. Therefore, our results revealed a novel role of Ppp2r5d in regulating the phosphorylation of Stat3 in the heart, Ppp2r5d might be a potential target for preventing DCM.