bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SeBLOS2 knockout via CRISPR/Cas9 leads to the loss of larval integument coloration in Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Authors: Zhao Jing , Jiang Yiping , Hoffmann Ary , Tan Yongan , Xiao Liubin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCRISPR/Cas9 technology is a precise and powerful tool for functionally exploring insect genes. The present study tested CRISPR/Cas9 as a way of undertaking effective gene mutagenesis in an important agricultural pest, the beet armyworm Spodoptera exigua. Based on a S. exigua transcriptome database, the entire complementary DNA sequence of SeBLOS2 encoding 140 amino acid residues was cloned. The gene was highly expressed in late larval stages (L3–L5). Using the CRISPR/Cas9 method, SeBLOS2 was knocked out by altering two sites in the coding region. This resulted in 70%–74% of the G0 generation (L4–L5) larvae displaying mosaic translucent integument. Four different mutations occurred at SeBLOS2‐specific target sites, as demonstrated by further polymerase chain reaction‐based genotypic analysis. Homozygote mutant L3 larvae were obtained in the G1 generation, with complete loss of white stripes and spots on their larval integument. These results demonstrate a crucial role of SeBLOS2 in integument pigmentation and suggest that the gene can act as a suitable nonlethal marker for functional research on genes in S. exigua and other Lepidopteran pests.
Projection of realistic three‐dimensional photogrammetry models using stereoscopic display: A technical note
Authors: Oliveira André de Sá Braga , Leonel Luciano César P. C. , LaHood Edward R. , Nguyen Bachtri T. , Ehtemami Anahid , Graepel Stephen P. , Link Michael J. , Pinheiro‐Neto Carlos D. , Lachman Nirusha , Morris Jonathan M. , Peris‐Celda Maria 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe 3D stereoscopic technique consists in providing the illusional perception of depth of a given object using two different images mimicking how the right and left eyes capture the object. Both images are slightly different and when overlapped gives a three‐dimensional (3D) experience. Considering the limitations for establishing surgical laboratories and dissections courses in some educational institutions, techniques such as stereoscopy and photogrammetry seem to play an important role in neuroanatomy and neurosurgical education. The aim of this study was to describe how to combine and set up realistic models acquired with photogrammetry scans in 3D stereoscopic projections. Three donors, one dry skull, embalmed brain and head, were scanned using photogrammetry. The software used for displaying the final realistic 3D models (Blender, Amsterdam, the Netherlands) is a free software and allows stereoscopic projection without compromising the interactivity of each model. By default, the model was exported and immediately displayed as a red cyan 3D mode. The 3D projector used in the manuscript required a side‐by‐side 3D mode which was set up with simple commands on the software. The final stereoscopy projection offered depth perception and a visualization in 360° of each donor; this perception was noted especially when visualizing donors with different cavities and fossae. The combination of 3D techniques is of paramount importance for neuroanatomy education. Stereoscopic projections could provide a valuable tool for neuroanatomy instruction directed at clinical trainees and could be especially useful when access to laboratory‐based learning is limited.
Alkynyl‐protected Ag20Rh2 Nanocluster with Atomic Precision: Structure Analysis and Tri‐functionality Catalytic Application
Authors: Wang Lei , Chen Leyi , Qin Lubing , Liu Yonggang , Tang Zhenghua 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe report the overall structure and trifunctionality catalytic application of an atomically precise alloy nanocluster of Ag20Rh2(C≡C‐tBu)16(CF3CO2)6(H2O)2 (abbreviated as Ag20Rh2 hereafter). Ag20Rh2 has a twisted rod‐like structure, where a Ag4@Rh2 kernel is connected by two twisted Ag8 cubes on two sides. Ag20Rh2 is a superatomic cluster with four free valence electrons, and it has characteristic absorbance feature. Interestingly, Ag20Rh2 exhibited superior catalytic performance than the larger AgRh nanoparticle counterparts in electrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), reduction of 4‐nitrophenol, and the methyl orange degradation reaction. Such intriguing catalytic properties are attributed to the more exposed active sites from the ultrasmall nanoclusters than relatively large nanoparticles. This study not only enriches the family member of alkynyl‐protected AgRh nanoclusters with atomic precision, but also highlights the great advantages of employing nanoclusters as efficient catalysts for multiple functionalities.
Teaching contingent vocal imitation of infants using Cool versus Not Cool™: A brief asynchronous responsive caregiving training
Authors: Hickey Jill , Arthur Shannon M. , Solomon Scott L. , Leaf Justin B. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractGlobal public health organizations such as The World Health Organization and United Nations Children's Fund have prioritized environmental support for infants in their first 1000 days of life, including interventions that target early childhood development (ECD) outcomes. Responsive caregiving practices and interventions that support parents in engaging in them have a positive effect on ECD outcomes. Behavioral research has identified a number of specific caregiver responses that influence infants' early language development, including contingent vocal imitation. This study examined the effects of a brief, asynchronous online parent training using the Cool versus Not Cool™ procedure to teach two mothers and one father to imitate their infants' vocalizations in their natural home settings. All three parents increased the percentage of contingent vocalizations with their infants and positive changes in vocal behavior were observed for all the three infants.
Examining the interactions among smart supply chains and carbon reduction strategies: To attain carbon neutrality
Authors: Patil Anchal , Shardeo Vipulesh , Dwivedi Ashish , Moktadir Md. Abdul , Bag Surajit 
Published: August 2023

AbstractRapid industrialization and global supply chains have magnified industrial activities' carbon footprint, resulting in environmental hazards. Several countries have magnified their efforts to reach carbon neutrality goals. The increased attention to carbon‐neutral goals has been enabled by United Nations (UN) calls for a carbon‐neutral economy. In this context, supply chains will have greater responsibilities to reduce the network's carbon footprint. To achieve carbon neutrality goals, decision‐makers must be well‐informed and facilitated with suitable theoretical frameworks. In literature, the adoption of intelligent technologies is suggested to construct efficient and smart supply chains. However, there are uncertainties regarding the impact of this transformation on the carbon neutrality goal. The present study caters to the uncertainties by discussing its potential impact on carbon neutrality goals and how to use adopted technologies to achieve the same. A list of 11 potential strategies is identified and modelled to provide a strategic roadmap for smart supply chains' adoption. The proposed framework aims to facilitate carbon neutrality goals. The findings indicate that decision‐makers must pay significant attention to circular economy practices. Additionally, green transportation is an impactful area with significant potential to support carbon neutrality goals. Critical insights have been extracted regarding stakeholders' training and process innovation. The study findings can help decision‐makers achieve carbon neutrality goals.
Buyer–supplier partnerships and circular economy performance in food supply chains: Serial mediation by commitment contract and innovation performance
Authors: Bag Surajit , Rahman Muhammad Sabbir , Srivastava Gautam , Kilbourn Peter , Mishra Nishikant 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe study investigates the impact of buyer–supplier partnerships on the performance of the circular economy (CE) in the food supply chain (FSC). Then, it also examines the effect of commitment contracts and innovation on the performance of the FSC. The research model is developed using behavioural economics concepts and collaborative theory. Furthermore, five research hypotheses are tested using samples from food manufacturers and other related supply chain partners. Covariance‐based structural equation modelling technique is used in this study, and necessary tests were done to ensure the high quality of findings. Buyer–supplier partnerships demonstrate both direct and indirect effects on the CE performance in FSC. The findings supported the serial mediation effect wherein buyer–supplier partnerships are found to exert their impact on the CE in FSC through commitment contracts and innovation performance in a successive way. The uniqueness of this study lies in the use of behavioural economics concepts to enhance CE performance. The study advances knowledge of commitment contracts by indicating whether and how it connects to CE performance results.
Bird's eye view of augmented reality and applications for education and training: A survey of surveys and reviews
Authors: Cruz Armando , Paredes Hugo , Martins Paulo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAugmented reality (AR) is a field of knowledge being developed since the middle of the last century. Its use has been spreading because of its usefulness, but more recently because of mobile platforms being widespread and accessible. AR has been applied in several fields of activity, and also in the field of Education and Training, because AR has several advantages over other teaching methods. In this paper, we search and analyze surveys and reviews of AR to present a brief history and its definition. We also present a classification of our sample under a scheme we developed in past work, and present also examples of technologies and applications of AR in each field. Finally, we do a deeper analysis over the publications of Education and Training, advantages and issues of AR in this field, and some research trends.
Automated generation and correction of diagram‐based exercises for Moodle
Authors: Gómez‐Abajo Pablo , Guerra Esther , de Lara Juan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractOne of the most time‐consuming task for teachers is creating and correcting exercises to evaluate students. This is normally performed by hand, which incurs high time costs and is error‐prone. A way to alleviate this problem is to provide an assistant tool that automates such tasks. In the case of exercises based on diagrams, they can be represented as models to enable their automated model‐based generation for any target environment, like web or mobile applications, or learning platforms like Moodle. In this paper, we propose an automated process for synthesizing five types of diagram‐based exercises for the
Moodle platform. Being model‐based, our solution is domain‐agnostic (i.e., it can be applied to arbitrary domains like automata, electronics, or software design). We report on its use within a university course on automata theory, as well as evaluations of generality, effectiveness and efficiency, illustrating the benefits of our approach.
Effects of Replacing a Central Glycine Residue in GLP‐1 on Receptor Affinity and Signaling Profile
Authors: Brown Kyle A. , Gellman Samuel H. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAgonists of the glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor (GLP‐1R) are used to treat diabetes and obesity. Cryo‐EM structures indicate that GLP‐1 is completely α‐helical when bound to the GLP‐1R. The mature form of this hormone, GLP‐1(7‐36), contains a glycine residue near the center (Gly22). Since glycine has the second‐lowest α‐helix propensity among the proteinogenic α‐amino acid residues, and Gly22 does not appear to make direct contact with the receptor, we were motivated to explore the impact on agonist activity of altering the α‐helix propensity at this position. We examined GLP‐1 analogues in which Gly22 was replaced with L‐Ala, D‐Ala, or β‐amino acid residues with varying helix propensities. The results suggest that the receptor is reasonably tolerant of variations in helix propensity, and that the functional receptor‐agonist complex may comprise a conformational spectrum rather than a single fixed structure.
Dynamic Structural Evolution of CeO2 in CuO−CeO2 Catalyst Revealed by In Situ Spectroscopy
Authors: Wu Mei‐Yao , Wang Bei‐Bei , Wang Wei‐Wei , Yang Fan , Jia Chun‐Jiang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe oxides and active metals at the interface synergistically activate reactants and thus promote the reaction, but the interface structure often changes dynamically during the reaction. In the conventional supported catalysts, the metals at the interface have been extensively studied, while the structural evolution of oxides is often overlooked due to the interference of the bulk phase signal. In this work, CeO2−CuO inverse catalysts are designed to reveal the dynamic structure evolution of CeO2 in the CeO2−CuO system during the water gas shift (WGS) reaction by in situ Raman, in situ XRD, quasi in situ XPS, and near ambient pressure XPS (NAP‐XPS). CeO2 is partially concealed in the CuO phase in the un‐pretreated catalyst and gradually exposed to the surface, forming an inverse CeOx/Cu structure during the reducing process. This structure exhibits a high catalytic activity in the WGS reaction and remains durable under the reductive conditions. When the inverse CeOx/Cu structure is exposed to the non‐redox conditions, the reconfiguration of the reduced oxide is observed which is caused by the oxygen migration of CeO2. This work explores the structure evolution of CeO2 in CeO2−CuO inverse catalyst under different conditions by in situ characterization technique and provides a reference for monitoring the dynamic changes of oxide structure.
In situ observation of the electrochemical behavior of Li–CO2/O2 batteries in an environmental transmission electron microscope
Authors: Jia Peng , Guo Yunna , Chen Dongliang , Yao Jingming , Zhang Xuedong , Lu Jianguo , Qiao Yuqing , Zhang Liqiang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractLi–CO2/O2 batteries, a promising energy storage technology, not only provide ultrahigh discharge capacity but also capture CO2 and turn it into renewable energy. Their electrochemical reaction pathways' ambiguity, however, creates a hurdle for their practical application. This study used copper selenide (CuSe) nanosheets as the air cathode medium in an environmental transmission electron microscope to in situ study Li–CO2/O2 (mix CO2 as well as O2 at a volume ratio of 1:1) and Li–O2 batteries as well as Li–CO2 batteries. Primary discharge reactions take place successively in the Li–CO2/O2–CuSe nanobattery: (I) 4Li+ + O2 + 4e− → 2Li2O; (II) Li2O + CO2 → Li2CO3. The charge reaction proceeded via (III) 2Li2CO3 → 4Li+ + 2CO2 + O2 + 4e−. However, Li–O2 and Li–CO2 nanobatteries showed poor cycling stability, suggesting the difficulty in the direct decomposition of the discharge product. The fluctuations of the Li–CO2/O2 battery's electrochemistry were also shown to depend heavily on O2. The CuSe‐based Li–CO2/O2 battery showed exceptional electrochemical performance. The Li–CO2/O2 battery offered a discharge capacity apex of 15,492 mAh g−1 and stable cycling 60 times at 100 mA g−1. Our research offers crucial insight into the electrochemical behavior of Li–CO2/O2, Li–O2, and Li–CO2 nanobatteries, which may help the creation of high‐performance Li–CO2/O2 batteries for energy storage applications.
Achiral 2‐pyridone and 4‐aminopyridine act as chiral inducers of asymmetric autocatalysis with amplification of enantiomeric excess via the formation of chiral crystals
Authors: Matsumoto Arimasa , Tateishi Daisuke , Nakajima Tsuyoshi , Kurosaki Shiori , Ogawa Tomohiro , Kawasaki Tsuneomi , Soai Kenso 
Published: August 2023

AbstractEnantiomorphous crystals of achiral 2‐pyridone and 4‐aminopyridine served as sources of chirality, to induce the asymmetric autocatalysis of 5‐pyrimidyl alkanol during the asymmetric addition of diisopropylzinc to the corresponding pyrimidine‐5‐carbaldehyde, that is, the Soai reaction. Following a significant amplification of enantiomeric excess through asymmetric autocatalysis, highly enantioenriched 5‐pyrimidyl alkanol could be synthesized with their corresponding absolute configurations to those of chiral crystals of 2‐pyridone and 4‐aminopyridine.
Left ventricular longitudinal strain in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus is independently associated with glycated hemoglobin level
Authors: Gao Jinmei , Xu Min , Gong Mingxia , Jiang Shu , Yang Zhenni , Jiang Xiaohong , Chen Ming 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveLeft ventricular and left atrial strain are sensitive and reliable markers for evaluating cardiac function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), with interactions between the two parameters. The present study aimed to analyze the correlation between global longitudinal strain (GLS) of the left ventricle and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in patients with T2DM.MethodsA total of 292 patients clinically diagnosed with T2DM were selected and divided into three groups according to HbA1c level. The strains of the left atrium and left ventricle in the three groups of T2DM patients with different HbA1c levels were compared. Univariate and multivariate (including left atrial functional indicators) linear regression analyses were performed to assess the relationship between strain indicators and HbA1c levels. Generalized additive models were used to examine the relationship between strain indicators and HbA1c levels.ResultsThere were significant differences among the three groups in terms of age, microalbuminuria, total cholesterol, fasting blood glucose, postprandial blood glucose, and HbA1c level, and left atrial conduit longitudinal strain (LAScd) and GLS (p < .05). Univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses revealed that, as HbA1c levels increased, the absolute value of GLS gradually decreased (p < .001). Curve fitting revealed a positive correlation between HbA1c level and GLS, which was not affected by left atrial function.ConclusionLeft ventricular GLS was independently correlated with HbA1c level in patients with T2DM and was not affected by left atrial function.
Single‐agent belantamab mafodotin in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma: Final analysis of the DREAMM‐2 trial
Authors: Nooka Ajay K. , Cohen Adam D. , Lee Hans C. , Badros Ashraf , Suvannasankha Attaya , Callander Natalie , Abdallah Al‐Ola , Trudel Suzanne , Chari Ajai , Libby Edward N. , Chaudhry Maria , Hultcrantz Malin , Kortüm K. Martin , Popat Rakesh , Sborov Douglas , Hakim Shawn , Lewis Eric , Gorsh Boris , Bhushan Bharat , McKeown Astrid , Gupta Ira , Opalinska Joanna , Richardson Paul G. , Lonial Sagar 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundPatients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) have a high unmet treatment need. Belantamab mafodotin (belamaf), a first‐in‐class, B‐cell maturation antigen‐binding antibody‐drug conjugate, eliminates myeloma cells through direct cell killing and an anti‐myeloma immune response.MethodsDREAMM‐2 (NCT03525678) was a phase 2, two‐arm, open‐label trial in patients with heavily pretreated RRMM who had three or more prior therapies, were refractory to an immunomodulatory agent and a proteasome inhibitor, and refractory or intolerant to an anti‐CD38 monoclonal antibody. Belamaf was given at 2.5 or 3.4 mg/kg every 3 weeks. The primary end point was overall response rate (ORR); secondary end points included progression‐free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), safety, ocular symptoms, and health‐related quality of life (HRQOL).ResultsThis final analysis (cutoff date, March 31, 2022), N = 223, with median follow‐up of 12.5 and 13.8 months, demonstrated an ORR of 32% and 35%, median PFS of 2.8 and 3.9 months, and median OS of 15.3 and 14.0 months in the 2.5 mg/kg and 3.4 mg/kg cohorts, respectively. Median duration of response was 12.5 and 6.2 months. No new safety signals were observed; the most common Grade 3 and 4 adverse events were keratopathy (29% vs. 25%), thrombocytopenia (22% vs. 29%), and anemia (21% vs. 28%). HRQOL outcomes suggest that overall global health status/quality of life, physical and role functioning, and overall disease symptoms were maintained or improved during treatment.ConclusionsThis final analysis of DREAMM‐2 confirms that in patients with triple‐class refractory RRMM, single‐agent belamaf results in durable and clinically meaningful responses with a manageable safety profile.
Characterization of finger millet global germplasm diversity panel for grain nutrients content for utilization in biofortification breeding
Authors: Backiyalakshmi Chinnadurai , Babu Chakrapani , Deshpande Santosh , Govindaraj Mahalingam , Gupta Rajeev , Sudhagar Rajaprakasam , Naresh Dagunapur , Anitha Seetha , Peerzada Ovais , Sajja Sobhan , Singh Kuldeep , Vetriventhan Mani 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFinger millet (Eleusine coracana L.) is a versatile dryland crop known for its high calcium (Ca) content. Estimating the variability for grain nutrients in diverse germplasm is important for developing biofortified cultivars. A finger millet diversity panel consisting of 310 accessions and four controls was evaluated in two rainy seasons at International Crops Research Institute for the Semi‐Arid Tropics, Hyderabad, India, to assess variability for grain nutrient content and its association with agronomic traits and identify promising accessions. Inductively coupled plasma optical emission electrometry was used to analyze grain nutrients content, and the protein content was estimated from the total nitrogen content of the finger millet grains using the sulfuric acid–selenium digestion method. Highly significant variability was found for all the grain nutrients and was significantly influenced by the genotype, environment, and their interactions. Grain nutrients showed a significant relationship between the 2 years (R2 = 0.06 for phosphorus to 0.60 for Ca, p ≥ 0.001). A nonsignificant correlation between grain yield and Ca was noticed among accessions within landraces, breeding lines, and accessions from Asia, while this correlation was significantly negative among accessions from Africa and in the entire set. The estimated percent daily values indicated that the consumption of 100 g of finger millet grains could potentially contribute to the recommended dietary allowance of up to 49% Ca, 52% magnesium, 23% protein, 23% iron, and 26% zinc. This study provides valuable insights into the variability in the finger millet germplasm, and identified grain nutrient dense accessions, that could be used in finger millet improvement to develop the biofortified cultivars.