bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Personalized ventilatory strategy based on lung recruitablity in COVID-19-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome: a prospective clinical study
Authors: Taenaka Hiroki , Yoshida Takeshi , Hashimoto Haruka , Firstiogusran Andi Muhammad Fadlillah , Ishigaki Suguru , Iwata Hirofumi , Enokidani Yusuke , Ebishima Hironori , Kubo Naoko , Koide Moe , Koyama Yukiko , Sakaguchi Ryota , Tokuhira Natsuko , Horiguchi Yu , Uchiyama Akinori , Fujino Yuji 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Heterogeneity is an inherent nature of ARDS. Recruitment-to-inflation ratio has been developed to identify the patients who has lung recruitablity. This technique might be useful to identify the patients that match specific interventions, such as higher positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) or prone position or both. We aimed to evaluate the physiological effects of PEEP and body position on lung mechanics and regional lung inflation in COVID-19-associated ARDS and to propose the optimal ventilatory strategy based on recruitment-to-inflation ratio.

Methods
Patients with COVID-19-associated ARDS were consecutively enrolled. Lung recruitablity (recruitment-to-inflation ratio) and regional lung inflation (electrical impedance tomography [EIT]) were measured with a combination of body position (supine or prone) and PEEP (low 5 cmH2O or high 15 cmH2O). The utility of recruitment-to-inflation ratio to predict responses to PEEP were examined with EIT.

Results
Forty-three patients were included. Recruitment-to-inflation ratio was 0.68 (IQR 0.52–0.84), separating high recruiter versus low recruiter. Oxygenation was the same between two groups. In high recruiter, a combination of high PEEP with prone position achieved the highest oxygenation and less dependent silent spaces in EIT (vs. low PEEP in both positions) without increasing non-dependent silent spaces in EIT. In low recruiter, low PEEP in prone position resulted in better oxygenation (vs. both PEEPs in supine position), less dependent silent spaces (vs. low PEEP in supine position) and less non-dependent silent spaces (vs. high PEEP in both positions). Recruitment-to-inflation ratio was positively correlated with the improvement in oxygenation and respiratory system compliance, the decrease in dependent silent spaces, and was inversely correlated with the increase in non-dependent silent spaces, when applying high PEEP.

Conclusions
Recruitment-to-inflation ratio may be useful to personalize PEEP in COVID-19-associated ARDS. Higher PEEP in prone position and lower PEEP in prone position decreased the amount of dependent silent spaces (suggesting lung collapse) without increasing the amount of non-dependent silent spaces (suggesting overinflation) in high recruiter and in low recruiter, respectively.
Effectiveness and safety of Daixie Decoction granules combined with metformin for the treatment of T2DM patients with obesity: study protocol for a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, multicentre clinical trial
Authors: Liu Zhidong , Zhang Kepei , Zhang Jianpin , Wang Fei , Zhou Yang , Wang Lin , Wang Miao , Zhang Yi , Zhou Shigao 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with obesity is a glycolipid metabolism disorder, which makes hypoglycaemic treatment more complex and increases the proportion of multidrug combinations. In addition, patients are more prone to adverse reactions and gradually lose compliance with treatment. Previous clinical trials have demonstrated that Daixie Decoction granules (DDG) can reduce body weight and blood lipids and improve the quality of life of T2DM with obesity. But there are a lack of further evaluations for the efficacy and safety of DDG combined with metformin.

Methods/design
The study is designed as a multicentre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Participants who meet the Nathrow criteria will be randomly assigned to the intervention group and control group (n1 = n2 = 133). Based on a unified diet control and exercise therapy, the intervention group will be treated with DDG and metformin, and the control group will be treated with DDG placebo and metformin. All subjects will receive a 6-month treatment followed by a 6-month follow-up. Effective rate of a 1% decrease in HbA1c and 3% decrease in body weight will serve as the primary outcome. The secondary outcome include fasting plasma glucose, blood lipids, C-peptides, insulin, inflammatory factors, insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) and the subcutaneous and visceral fat content in the upper abdomen measured by MRI. Blood routine, urine routine, stool routine, liver and kidney function, EKG and other safety indicators and major adverse reactions were monitored during total treatment and follow-up time.

Discussion
We aimed to determine the efficacy and safety of DDG combined with metformin for the treatment of T2DM patients with obesity.

Trial registration
Trial registration: ChiCTR, ChiCTR2000036290. Registered 22 August 2014, http://www.chictr.org.cn/showprojen.aspx? proj=59001
Infectious endocarditis caused by Bartonella henselae associated with infected pets: two case reports
Authors: Gonçalves-Oliveira Jonathan , Damasco Paulo Vieira , Assis Matheus Ribeiro da S. , Freitas Dominique E. , Pessoa Junior Adonai Alvino , de Sousa Luiza S. , Rodrigues Nicollas G. , Damasco Paula H. , Ribeiro Pedro F. , Barbosa Giovanna F. , Moreira Namir S. , Guedes Jeferson F. , Coutinho Henrique M. da Rocha , Madi Kalil , de Lemos Elba R. Sampaio 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Blood culture-negative infective endocarditis is a potentially severe disease that can be associated with infectious agents such as Bartonella spp., Coxiella burnetti, Tropheryma whipplei, and some fungi.

Case presentation
Reported here are two cases of blood culture-negative infective endocarditis in patients with severe aortic and mitral regurgitation in Brazil; the first case is a 47-year-old white man and the second is a 62-year-old white woman. Bartonella henselae deoxyribonucleic acid was detectable in the blood samples and cardiac valve with vegetation paraffin-fixed tissue samples. Additionally, an investigation was carried out on patients’ pets, within the context of One Health, and serum samples collected from cats and dogs were reactive by indirect immunofluorescence assay.

Conclusions
Even though the frequency of bartonellosis in Brazil is unknown, physicians should be aware of the possibility of blood culture-negative infective endocarditis caused by Bartonella, particularly in patients with weight loss, kidney changes, and epidemiological history for domestic animals.
In-phase and quadrature filter shape index modulation
Authors: Saad Majed , Chamas Al Ghouwayel Ali , Hijazi Hussein , Bader Faouzi , Palicot Jacques 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis paper proposes a novel modulation scheme called “In Phase and Quadrature-Filter Shape Index Modulation” (IQ-FSIM). It aims to enhance the spectral/energy efficiencies (SE/EE) while generalizing several existing modulations and index modulation (IM) domains. In this system, the bitstream is divided into three sub-streams. The first is mapped using amplitude–phase modulation, and the other two are mapped separately to an index of a filter shape at the in-phase and quadrature components. IQ-FSIM in SISO mode enhances the SE by $$2\log _2 N$$

2

log
2

N

(double FSIM gain), thanks to the independent indexation of N different filter shapes on each component changing at the symbol rate. A low-complexity matched filter-based detector that reaches the optimal joint ML performance is proposed. The theoretical lower bounds for the probability of filter index error and the symbol/bit error rate (SER/BER) are derived and validated. The computational complexity of the proposed IQ-FSIM transceiver is estimated and compared to its predecessor FSIM, where it is shown that IQ-FSIM provides up to 93.7% complexity reduction compared to FSIM along with different advantages. In addition, the results reveal that both IQ-FSIM and its special case FSIM, even with non-optimal filter shapes, outperform the equivalent schemes with/without IM of the same SE in AWGN, flat, and frequency-selective fading channels.
Analysis of mathematical model involving nonlinear systems of Caputo–Fabrizio fractional differential equation
Authors: Kebede Shiferaw Geremew , Lakoud Assia Guezane 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we consider a mathematical model of a coronavirus disease involving the Caputo–Fabrizio fractional derivative by dividing the total population into the susceptible population $\mathcal{S}(t)$
S
(
t
)
, the vaccinated population $\mathcal{V}(t)$
V
(
t
)
, the infected population $\mathcal{I}(t)$
I
(
t
)
, the recovered population $\mathcal{R}(t)$
R
(
t
)
, and the death class $\mathcal{D}(t)$
D
(
t
)
. A core goal of this study is the analysis of the solution of a proposed mathematical model involving nonlinear systems of Caputo–Fabrizio fractional differential equations. With the help of Lipschitz hypotheses, we have built sufficient conditions and inequalities to analyze the solutions to the model. Eventually, we analyze the solution for the formed mathematical model by employing Krasnoselskii’s fixed point theorem, Schauder’s fixed point theorem, the Banach contraction principle, and Ulam–Hyers stability theorem.
Identifying ecological risk and cost–benefit value for supporting habitat restoration: a case study from Sansha Bay, southeast China
Authors: Lin Yanhong , Chen Qiuming , Huang Faming , Xue Xiongzhi , Zhang Yang 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Coastal wetlands with high biodiversity and productivity provide essential ecosystem services that have a significant positive socio-economic impact. However, coastal reclamation, pollution, and climate change are threatening coastal wetlands. Thus, it is critical to identify priority areas for restoration and improve habitat resilience to adapt to environmental changes. Here, we propose a general analysis framework integrating nature-based solutions (NbS) into habitat restoration to increase coastal resilience to multiple stressors in Sansha Bay, southeast China.

Results
The total loss of value in ecosystem services due to reclamation in Sansha Bay was US$162.18 million from 2000 to 2015. The coastal habitats were at medium risk of degradation, with some high-risk areas concentrated in the northwest and along the west coasts, which were prioritized for restoration.

Conclusions
Our proposed framework, which integrates hard and soft engineering such as mudflat renovation, mangrove afforestation, and an ecological seawall, can aid in the improvement of coastal resilience. The project cost was US$12.71 million and was estimated to generate US$36.75 million in environmental services. We recommend evaluating and monitoring shoreline changes, environmental factors, and marine biological resources using long-term sampling surveys and remote sensing methods. Our findings can serve as a guide for government decision-making in coastal restoration planning and management.
Remote sensing supported analysis of the effect of wind erosion on local air pollution in arid regions: a case study from Iğdır province in eastern Türkiye
Authors: Öztürk Yahya , Yulu Adem , Turgay Orkun 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPM pollution is one of the most important environmental problems worldwide. One of the sources of PM pollution, which has a negative impact on human health, is dust that enters the atmosphere, especially in arid regions. Iğdır Province, located in the east of Anatolia, has an arid climate character and was selected as the most polluted province in Europe in 2021 and 2022 (in terms of PM2.5pollution). In this study, the effect of wind erosion-induced dust on air pollution in Iğdır province was investigated. We think that local wind erosion during the summer season (May–September) in the province is effective on PM pollution. Because there are no industrial activities, vehicular traffic, fuel consumption and volcanic activities that cause PM pollution in the summer season around Iğdır. On the other hand, Türkiye’s second largest wind erosion area and the other two wind erosion areas are located here, and dust storms are quite frequent. The causes of local wind erosion, which is one of the main factors in air pollution in the summer period, were investigated from a geographical perspective and various data sets were utilized. Then, wind erosion sites were examined and their regional distributions were indicated. Research findings on wind erosion sites were supported by remote sensing techniques (quartz index, aerosol density, etc.). All the data obtained support the idea that wind erosion is a dominant factor in the high level of PM pollution during the summer season in this area. Because the number of days with strong winds during this period is quite high and EU, WHO and national PM limit values are exceeded almost every day.
Giant cervico-parotid lipoma
Authors: Benfadil Drissia , Hatab Rahima , Bellaouchi Ahlam , Azzedine Lachakar , El Idrissi El Ayoubi Fahd 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Giant cervico-parotid lipomas are rare entities. This is why we report in this article a case of a giant cervical lipoma extending to the parotid region.

Case presentation
This case is a 34-year-old patient with no particular history (no history of cervical trauma, no history of medication, no history of cervical irradiation, no history of similar cases in the family), presenting with a giant cervicoparotidal lipoma without signs of compression. The treatment was surgical. The follow-up did not reveal any complication or recurrence.

Conclusion
By reporting this case, we emphasize that cervical lipomas, even if it reaches a large volume, do not manifest themselves by signs of compression, and they can be easily removed without having postsurgical complications.
Pathologic Complete Response and Individual Patient Prognosis After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Plus Anti–Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 Therapy of Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2–Positive Early Breast Cancer
Authors: van Mackelenbergh Marion T. , Loibl Sibylle , Untch Michael , Buyse Marc , Geyer Charles E. , Gianni Luca , Schneeweiss Andreas , Conte Pierfranco , Piccart Martine , Bonnefoi Herve , Jackisch Christian , Nekljudova Valentina , Tang Gong , Valagussa Pinuccia , Neate Colin , Gelber Richard , Poncet Coralie , Squifflet Pierre , Saad Everardo D. , Heinzmann Dominik , Denkert Carsten , Rastogi Priya , Cortes Javier , Guarneri Valentina , de Azambuja Evandro , Cameron David , Ismael Gustavo , Wolmark Norman , Cortazar Patricia ,   on behalf of the CTNeoBC project
Published: April 2023

PURPOSE The achievement of pathologic complete response (pCR) is strongly prognostic for event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with early breast cancer (EBC), and adapting postneoadjuvant therapy improves long-term outcomes for patients with HER2-positive disease not achieving pCR. We sought to investigate prognostic factors for EFS and OS among patients with and without pCR after neoadjuvant systemic treatment consisting of chemotherapy plus anti-HER2 therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS We used individual data from 3,710 patients randomly assigned in 11 neoadjuvant trials for HER2-positive EBC with ≥100 patients enrolled, available data for pCR, EFS, and OS, and follow-up ≥3 years. We assessed baseline clinical tumor size (cT) and clinical nodal status (cN) as prognostic factors using stratified (by trial and treatment) Cox models separately for hormone receptor–positive versus hormone receptor–negative disease, and for patients who had pCR (pCR+; ypT0/is, ypN0) versus patients who did not achieve a pCR (pCR−). RESULTS The median follow-up overall was 61.2 months. In pCR+ patients, cT and cN were significant independent prognostic factors for EFS, whereas only cT was a significant predictor for OS. In pCR− patients, cT, cN, and hormone receptor status were significant independent predictors for both EFS and OS. Regardless of hormone receptor status, cT, and cN, the 5-year EFS/OS rates were higher in pCR+ patients than in pCR− patients. In most subsets with regards to hormone receptor and pCR status, cT and cN were independent prognostic factors for both EFS and OS, including pCR+ patients. CONCLUSION These results confirm that patients achieving pCR have far better survival outcomes than patients who do not. The traditional poor prognostic features, namely tumor size and nodal status, remain important even after a pCR.
Risk for Brain Arteriovenous Malformation Rupture During Pregnancy and Puerperium
Authors: Karlsson Bengt , Johansson Arne V. , Jokura Hidefumi , Petridis Athanasios , Yang Huai-Che , Yamamoto Masaaki , Martinez Roberto , Kawagishi Jun , Guo Wan-Yuo , Chung Wen-Yuh , Söderman Michael , Nga Vincent 
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND:
The hemorrhage risk of unruptured and untreated cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) has been shown to be higher for female patients than male patients in their child bearing ages. Although it has been neurosurgical practice to advise female patients in their childbearing ages to postpone pregnancy until proven AVM obliteration, there is no literature consensus regarding this potential hemorrhage risk increase.

OBJECTIVE:
To accurately quantify the risk increase for AVM hemorrhage during pregnancy.

METHODS:
This study is based on data from previous publications, consisting of known age at the first AVM hemorrhage in 3425 patients. The risk increase during pregnancy could be calculated from the difference in age distribution for the first AVM hemorrhage between male patients and female patients, taking the average pregnancy time per female into account. A comparison was also made with data for all hospital discharges (13 751) in Germany 2008 to 2018 with the diagnosis brain AVM.

RESULTS:
The average pregnancy and puerperium time was 1.54 years per female in the patient population, which was used to determine the annual AVM hemorrhage risk during pregnancy to be around 9%. The increased risk during pregnancy was further evidenced by analysis of a subgroup of 105 female patients, for which pregnancy status at the time of hemorrhage was known.

CONCLUSION:
The quantified annual risk for AVM hemorrhage during pregnancy is about 3 times higher than that of male patients at corresponding age. This provides an important basis for advising female patients with patent AVMs about the increased risk for hemorrhage that a pregnancy would entail.
30 Gy in 4 Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy Fractions for Complex Spinal Metastases: Mature Outcomes Supporting This Novel Regimen
Authors: Moore-Palhares Daniel , Sahgal Arjun , Zeng K. Liang , Myrehaug Sten , Tseng Chia-Lin , Detsky Jay , Chen Hanbo , Ruschin Mark , Atenafu Eshetu G. , Wilson Jeff , Larouche Jeremie , da Costa Leodante , Maralani Pejman Jabehdar , Soliman Hany 
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
We designed a 30 Gy in 4 fractions stereotactic body radiotherapy protocol, as an alternative option to our standard 2-fraction approach, for primarily large volume, multilevel, or previously radiated spinal metastases. We report imaging-based outcomes of this novel fractionation scheme.

METHODS:
The institutional database was reviewed to identify all patients who underwent 30 Gy/4 fractions from 2010 to 2021. Primary outcomes were magnetic resonance–based vertebral compression fracture (VCF) and local failure per treated vertebral segment.

RESULTS:
We reviewed 245 treated segments in 116 patients. The median age was 64 years (range, 24-90). The median number of consecutive segments within the treatment volume was 2 (range, 1-6), and the clinical target volume (CTV) was 126.2 cc (range, 10.4-863.5). Fifty-four percent had received at least 1 previous course of radiotherapy, and 31% had previous spine surgery at the treated segment. The baseline Spinal Instability Neoplastic Score was stable, potentially unstable, and unstable for 41.6%, 51.8%, and 6.5% of segments, respectively. The cumulative incidence of local failure was 10.7% (95% CI 7.1-15.2) at 1 year and 16% (95% CI 11.5-21.2) at 2 years. The cumulative incidence of VCF was 7.3% (95% CI 4.4-11.2) at 1 year and 11.2% (95% CI 7.5-15.8) at 2 years. On multivariate analysis, age ≥68 years (P = .038), CTV volume ≥72 cc (P = .021), and no previous surgery (P = .021) predicted an increased risk of VCF. The risk of VCF for CTV volumes <72 cc/≥72 cc was 1.8%/14.6% at 2 years. No case of radiation-induced myelopathy was observed. Five percent of patients developed plexopathy.

CONCLUSION:
30 Gy in 4 fractions was safe and efficacious despite the population being at increased risk of toxicity. The lower risk of VCF in previously stabilized segments highlights the potential for a multimodal treatment approach for complex metastases, especially for those with a CTV volume of ≥72 cc.
Rab GTPase regulation of phagosome–lysosome fusion is bypassed in the presence of micromolar Ca2+
Authors: Becker Julia , Schleinitz Ariane , Hermsen Christina , Rappold Sabrina , Saftig Paul , Jeschke Andreas , Haas Albert 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
Several ATP- and cytosol-dependent fusion processes between membranes of the endocytic and exocytic pathways have been biochemically reconstituted. Here, we present a phagosome–lysosome fusion reaction that is driven by micromolar concentrations of Ca2+ in the absence of ATP and cytosol. Investigating classical fusion and Ca2+-driven fusion (CaFu) side-by-side in vitro, using the same membrane preparations, we show that CaFu is faster than standard fusion (StaFu), leads to larger fusion products and is not blocked by established inhibitors of StaFu. A Ca2+ concentration of ∼120 µM supports maximal membrane attachment, and 15 µM Ca2+ supports maximal membrane fusion, indicating that Ca2+ has both a membrane-binding activity and a fusion-promoting activity. StaFu and CaFu are inhibited by a mutant form of α-SNAP (NAPA) that does not support soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor (SNARE) activation, and both are inhibited by a mixture of the cytosolic domains of three cognate Q-SNARE proteins, demonstrating a role of SNAREs in Ca2+-driven membrane merger. CaFu is independent of the Ca2+-regulated proteins synaptotagmin-7, calmodulin, and annexins A2 and A7. We propose that CaFu corresponds to the last step of phagosome–lysosome fusion, when a raised Ca2+ concentration from the compartment lumen activates SNAREs for fusion.