bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CDK12/CDK13 inhibition disrupts a transcriptional program critical for glioblastoma survival
Authors: Lier Silje , Lund Solveig Osnes , Lipsa Anuja , Frauenknecht Katrin B. M. , Rein Idun Dale , Jain Preeti , Lång Anna Ulrika , Lång Emma Helena , Meyer Niklas , Dutta Aparajita , Anand Santosh , Nesse Gaute Johan , Johansen Rune Forstrøm , Klungland Arne , Rinholm Johanne Egge , Bøe Stig Ove , Anand Ashish , Pollard Steven Michael , Niclou Simone P. , Lerdrup Mads , Pandey Deo Prakash 
Published: July 2023

AbstractGlioblastoma is the most prevalent and aggressive malignant tumor of the central nervous system. With a median overall survival of only one year, glioblastoma patients have a particularly poor prognosis, highlighting a clear need for novel therapeutic strategies to target this disease. Transcriptional cyclin-dependent kinases (tCDK), which phosphorylate key residues of RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) c-terminal domain (CTD), play a major role in sustaining aberrant transcriptional programs that are key to development and maintenance of cancer cells. Here, we show that either pharmacological inhibition or genetic ablation of the tCDKs, CDK12 and CDK13, markedly reduces both the proliferation and migratory capacity of glioma cells and patient-derived organoids. Using a xenograft mouse model, we demonstrate that CDK12/13 inhibition not only reduces glioma growthin vivo. Mechanistically, inhibition of CDK12/CDK13 leads to a genome-wide abrogation of RNAPII CTD phosphorylation, which in turn disrupts transcription and cell cycle progression in glioma cells. In summary, the results provide proof-of-concept for the potential of CDK12 and CDK13 as therapeutic targets for glioblastoma.Significance statementGlioblastoma is a common, aggressive, and invasive type of brain tumor that is usually fatal. The standard treatment for glioblastoma patients is surgical resection, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy with DNA-alkylating agents, and unfortunately current treatments only extend overall survival by a few months. It is therefore critical to identify and target additional biological processes in this disease. Here, we reveal that targeting a specific transcriptional addiction for glioma cells by inhibition of CDK12/CDK13 disrupts glioma-specific transcription and cell cycle progression and has potential to provide a new therapeutic strategy for glioblastoma.
Status and Genetic Diversity ofHipposideros prattiin the Northernmost Part of Its Distribution
Authors: Wang Yanmei , Shang Luwen , Wang Jinhe , Zhao Liming , Bu YanZhen 
Published: July 2023

AbstractHipposideros prattiis species of bat distributed in caves from Southeast Asia to the Qinling-Funiu Mountain area in China. To understand the dynamic changes in its distribution and evaluate the current health status of the species, we reviewed 48 caves in the northernmost area of theH. prattidistribution and conducted the first analysis of genetic diversity for the species in the region.H. prattiwas only detected in three caves, the four previously distributed caves and the remaining 41 previously undistributed caves were not observed. An analysis based on microsatellite markers revealed a few key points. 1) The average number of observed alleles (Na) ofH. prattiin the region was 3.94, and the average observed heterozygosity (Ho) was 0.5293. All three populations were in Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium. 2) Intra-population was the predominant genetic variation of theH. prattipopulation. 3)H. prattiin the region experienced a bottleneck effect. We found that the three caves whereH. prattiare currently distributed face varying degrees of human interference and the populations are threatened. Management strategies, including appropriate countermeasures to reduce human interference in caves, are urgently needed.
An online shared decision-making intervention for dementia prevention: A parallel group randomized pilot study
Authors: Ownby Raymond L , Davenport Rosemary 
Published: July 2023

AbstractOBJECTIVESThe objective of this study was to evaluate the acceptability and efficacy of an online dementia prevention intervention based on a cognitive behavioral shared decision-making model.DESIGNThis was an unblinded pilot study in which participants were randomly assigned to one of two treatment groups.SETTINGThis study was carried out remotely via telephone, video conferencing and online data collection.PARTICIPANTSPersons 50 years of age and older interested in developing more brain healthy lifestyles were recruited.INTERVENTIONBoth groups received 12 weekly sessions on lifestyle factors related to cognitive decline. The treatment as usual (TAU) group received the information and was encouraged to make lifestyle changes. The cognitive behavioral shared decision-making model (CBSDM) group received structured weekly sessions with support for evidence-informed personal goal choices and behavior change strategies.MEASUREMENTSPrimary outcome measures were the Alzheimer Disease Risk Inventory and the Memory Self-Efficacy and Dementia Knowledge Assessment Scales. Participants reported brain health activities during the first, sixth, and 12thweeks of the study.RESULTSThe intervention was viewed positively by participants who all said they would participate in it again. Participants in the CBSDM group showed increases in knowledge of dementia risk factors and in exercise. Other outcomes were consistent with moderate to large effect sizes for both groups.CONCLUSIONSAn online intervention providing psychoeducation and behavior change support was viewed positively by older adults. Results provides preliminary support for the CBSDM intervention’s efficacy in promoting brain health in older adults. (243 words)Registered at clinicaltrials.govNCT04822129
Dental students’ self-efficacy and intention to use clear communication techniques that support individuals with low health literacy
Authors: Maybury Catherine , Horowitz Alice M. , Clough Sharon R. , Green Kerry M. , Wang Min Qi , Kleinman Dushanka V. , Baur Cynthia 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectivesClear and effective communication is critical to delivering quality dental care to all patients, especially those who have low health literacy. There is limited information about U.S. dental students’ exposure to communication techniques shown to improve patient understanding. Our primary objective was to assess rising fourth-year dental students’ knowledge, understanding, skills, self-efficacy, and behavioral intention to use communication techniques such as speaking slowly, using simple language and practicing the teach-back method. We also inquired about whether their dental curricula provided education about and evaluated them on the communication techniques.MethodsThis 2018 national cross-sectional study used a 34-item online survey to assess fourth-year dental students’ behavioral capability, self-efficacy and behavioral intention related to 17 communication techniques. The survey link was sent to 6,061 students; 242 finished it. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics; ANOVA to examine associations between demographic variables and behavioral intention; and logistic regression to analyze associations between the predictor variables behavioral capability and self-efficacy and the dependent variable behavioral intention. The level of significance was set at p<0.05 for all analyses.ResultsOver 90 percent of students reported having the knowledge and skills to speak slowly, use simple language and teach-back, but they had lower self-efficacy and intention to use these techniques. They also were less knowledgeable, less confident and had lower intention to use other techniques. Students who reported higher self-efficacy were 9.2 times as likely to report higher behavioral intention to use the techniques than those who reported lower self-efficacy, 95% CI (4.10, 16.96), p<.01.ConclusionsOur results indicate some dental students need additional education and training to increase their knowledge, skills, self-efficacy and behavioral intention related to plain language communication skills. It is possible that communication concepts are introduced in dental school but are not mastered at a level sufficient to be used in practice.
Evolution of compound eye morphology underlies differences in vision between closely relatedDrosophilaspecies
Authors: Buffry Alexandra D , Currea John P , Franke Franziska A , Palavalli-Nettimi Ravindra , Bodey Andrew J , Rau Christoph , Samadi Nazanin , Gstöhl Stefan J , Schlepütz Christian M , McGregor Alistair P , Sumner-Rooney Lauren , Theobald Jamie , Kittelmann Maike 
Published: July 2023

AbstractInsects have evolved complex visual systems and display an astonishing range of adaptations for diverse ecological niches. Differences in eye size within and betweenDrosophilaspecies provide the opportunity to study the impact of eye structure on vision. Here we further explored differences inD. mauritianaand its sibling speciesD. simulansand confirmed thatD. mauritianahave rapidly evolved larger eyes as a result of more and wider ommatidia thanD. simulanssince their recent common ancestor. The functional impact of eye size, and specifically ommatidia size, is often only estimated based on the rigid surface morphology of the compound eye. Therefore, we used 3D synchrotron radiation tomography to measure optical parameters in 3D, predict optical capacity, and compare the modelled vision toin vivooptomotor responses. Our optical models predicted higher contrast sensitivity forD. mauritiana, which we verified by presenting sinusoidal gratings to tethered flies in a flight arena. Similarly, we confirmed the higher spatial acuity predicted forDrosophila simulanswith smaller ommatidia and found evidence for higher temporal resolution.
New germline Cas9 promoters show improved performance for homing gene drive
Authors: Du Jie , Chen Weizhe , Jia Xihua , Xu Xuejiao , Yang Emily , Zhou Ruizhi , Zhang Yuqi , Metzloff Matt , Messer Philipp W. , Champer Jackson 
Published: July 2023

AbstractGene drive systems could be a viable strategy to prevent pathogen transmission or suppress vector populations by propagating drive alleles with super-Mendelian inheritance. CRISPR-based homing gene drives, perhaps the most powerful gene drive strategy, convert wild type alleles into drive alleles in heterozygotes with the help of Cas9 and gRNA. However, achieving successful outcomes with these drives often requires high performance. Specifically, it is desirable to identify Cas9 promoters that yield high drive conversion rates, minimize the formation rate of resistance alleles in both the germline and the early embryo, and limit somatic Cas9 expression. Thus far, high-performance promoters have only been discovered inAnophelesspecies. InDrosophila, thenanospromoter avoids leaky somatic expression, but at the cost of high embryo resistance from maternally deposited Cas9. To improve drive efficiency, we tested elevenDrosophila melanogastergermline promoters in several configurations. Some of the new promoters achieved higher drive conversion efficiency with minimal embryo resistance, but none could completely avoid somatic expression likenanos. However, such somatic expression often did not carry detectable fitness costs when the promoter-Cas9 elements supported a rescue homing drive targeting a haplolethal gene, suggesting somatic drive conversion. Based on our findings, we selected two Cas9 promoter lines for cage experiments with a 4-gRNA suppression drive. While one promoter exhibited substantial somatic effects, leading to a low drive equilibrium frequency, the other outperformednanos, resulting in the successful suppression of the cage population. Overall, these novel Cas9 promoters hold potential advantages for homing drives inDrosophilaspecies and may also possess valuable homologs in other organisms.
Conservation and divergence of regulatory architecture in nitrate-responsive plant gene circuits
Authors: Bian C , Demirer GS , Oz MT , Cai Y , Witham SS , Mason GA , Di Z , Deligne F , Zhang P , Shen R , Gaudinier A , Brady SM , Patron NJ 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACTNitrogen is an essential element for all life processes in plants. As such, plant roots dynamically respond to nitrogen availability below-ground by executing a signaling and transcriptional cascade resulting in altered plant growth, optimized for nutrient uptake. The NIN-LIKE PROTEIN 7 (NLP7) transcription factor senses nitrogen and along with its closely related paralog NLP6, partially coordinates these transcriptional responses. While post-translational regulation of NLP6/7 is well established, its upstream transcriptional regulation remains understudied in Arabidopsis and other plant species. Here, we dissect a previously identified sub-circuit upstream of NLP6/7 in Arabidopsis and which was predicted to contain multiple multi-node feedforward loops suggestive of an optimized design principle of nitrogen transcriptional regulation. This sub-circuit comprises AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR 18 (ARF18), ARF9, DEHYDRATION RESPONSE ELEMENT BINDING-PROTEIN 26 (DREB26), A NAC-DOMAIN CONTAINING PROTEIN 32 (ANAC032), NLP6 and NLP7 and their regulation of NITRITE REDUCTASE 1 (NIR1). Conservation and divergence of this circuit and their influence on N-dependent root system architecture are similarly assessed inSolanum lycopersicum. The specific binding sites of these factors within their respective promoters and their putativecis-regulatory architecture are identified. The direct or indirect nature of these interactions are validatedin planta.The resulting models were genetically validated in varying concentrations of available nitrate by measuring the transcriptional output of the network revealing rewiring of nitrogen regulation across distinct plant lineages.Significance StatementNitrogen is a critical nutrient for plant growth and yield. While external N has facilitated modern agriculture, over-application of N-containing fertilizers has drastic ecological and environmental consequences. Here, we experimentally validate a six gene regulatory circuit with extensive feedforward loops identified to act upstream of the criticalNIN-LIKE PROTEIN 6/7transcription factors which regulates a nitrogen metabolic enzyme. Our results indicate conservation and divergence in these circuits between Arabidopsis and tomato despite the similar role of NLP7 in N-dependent changes in root system architecture. The resulting network models complement existing knowledge of NLP7 regulation by providing a framework for targeted transcriptional engineering to increase plant nitrogen use efficiency.
Does basic need satisfaction foster engagement by serving as a personal demand? A mediation model based on a self-determination perspective
Authors: Waqas Muhammad , Fatima Tehreem , Anjum Zafar Uz Zaman 
Published: July 2023

PurposeTaking job demand-resource (JD-R) and self-determination perspective, the current study focused to see how basic need satisfaction (BNS) – as a personal demand – impacts work engagement directly and indirectly through personal resource (i.e. self-efficacy). Moreover, the aim was to test the dimension-wise impact of BNS, i.e. the need for autonomy, need for belongingness and need for competence in the aforementioned relationship.Design/methodology/approachThis research is a time-lagged survey in which three-wave data of 398 white-collar employees were collected from the service and manufacturing sector of Pakistan through convenience sampling. Each wave of data collection was two months apart. The matched responses yielded an overall response rate of 66.33%. The collected responses were duly analysed using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM).FindingsResults of the study confirmed all direct and indirect hypotheses encompassing the impact of the combined BNS construct on work engagement via self-efficacy. Nonetheless, in the dimension-wise analysis, the indirect impact of the need for job autonomy on work engagement was not validated. This depicted that the need for competence and relatedness are more important predictors of work engagement through the self-efficacy path.Originality/valueIt has been observed that prior research on work engagement was mainly focused on the role of job demands (JDs) and personal resources; however, the role of personal demands along with personal resources has little been discussed. The authors tested the total as well as the specific impact of each component of basic need on work engagement making it possible to examine the total predicting role of basic need satisfaction and the specific contribution of satisfaction of each need on work engagement.
Unripe carob pods: an innovative source of antioxidant molecules for the preparation of high-added value gummies
Authors: Spizzirri U. Gianfranco , Caputo Paolino , Nicoletti Rosa , Crupi Pasquale , D'Ascenzo Fabrizio , Oliverio Rossi Cesare , Clodoveo Maria Lisa , Aiello Francesca , Restuccia Donatella 
Published: July 2023

PurposeThis study aims to investigate unripe carob pod as a source of antioxidant molecules useful in the eco-friendly synthesis of a gelatin conjugate. This one was involved in the preparation of gummies able to produce remarkable human health benefits.Design/methodology/approachEco-friendly strategies (ultrasound-assisted extraction, low temperatures and eco-friendly solvents) were employed in the extraction of active molecules. Antioxidant molecules were involved in the grafting reaction with gelatin chains (ascorbic acid/hydrogen peroxide couple as initiator system). Gelatin conjugate represents a useful material able to prepare gummies with remarkable rheological and antioxidant performances over time.FindingsExperimental results confirmed that the green approach allowed the achievement of extracts with remarkable antioxidant properties due to the presence of phenolic moieties. Gelatin conjugate synthesis preserved these functionalities, usefully exploited in the preparation of gummies with significant structural and biological features.Originality/valueCompared to the literature data the preparation of the gummies with outstanding biological properties was performed by employing functional gelatin synthesized by an eco-friendly approach.
MR.D.I.Y. “the Malaysian sweetheart”
Authors: Kheng Yeoh Khar , June Sethela 
Published: July 2023

Learning outcomes
Upon completion, successful students will be able to examine the importance of digitalisation as a competitive tool in business management; use a suitable theory to justify the need for an organisation to engage in e-commerce; develop suitable strategies/solutions to challenges faced by a business organisation in the world of digitalisation of business; explain the way data analytics and digitalisation can affect business strategies and marketing functions; and identify and explain various considerations in the internationalisation of business.

Case overview/synopsis
MR.D.I.Y. “The Malaysian Sweetheart” is a case about a home improvement company that has transformed itself from a regular hardware shop into a favourite home improvement retailer in Malaysia. The case looked at the influence of e-commerce and digital transformation marks a rethinking of how an organisation uses technology, people and processes in pursuit of new business models and new revenue streams, driven by changes in customer expectations around products and services. Such transformation has indeed created opportunities and challenges for business organisation throughout the globe in their pursuit of staying competitive for MR.D.I.Y. even though they are considered the largest home improvement retailer in Malaysia. The case also introduces the students to the Uses and Gratification Theory that underpins the e-commerce business model. The management of the company is concerned about its future given the rising competition and gloomy economic conditions.

Complexity academic level
The target group for this case is undergraduate students. Specifically, it is suitable for those in the field of Entrepreneurship taking e-commerce/small business management/entrepreneurship courses. The main purpose of this case study is to assist students in critically examining how a small business evolved from a tiny neighbourhood shop to become a household name at the national level and eventually emerged as the largest home improvement company locally and abroad. Specifically, the case can be applied to topics like Retailing in Electronic Commerce, Innovative EC Systems, Social Commerce and Launching an Online Business, which all are related to the courses on E-Commerce, and this case is also suitable to any other contemporary business management module. Additionally, educators can use this teaching case as a tool in an executive programme for senior, middle and lower managers to shape their thoughts and attitudes toward managing a contemporary retailing business. With this case, it is hoped that students would be able to understand and decide wisely if they encounter similar circumstances in the future.

Supplementary material
Teaching notes are available for educators only.

Subject code
CSS 3: Entrepreneurship.
CEO power and open innovation: evidence from China
Authors: Tan Manqing 
Published: July 2023

PurposeHow to successfully drive open innovation (OI) has become an important issue. However, the existing literature on the determinants of OI focuses on organizational and situational factors, while the “human side” of it remains poorly understood. To address such problem, this paper examines the impact of two core qualities of CEOs – CEO power and social capital – on three representative OI modes from a micro-level perspective.Design/methodology/approachThis paper uses the data of 4,213 firm-year observations from Chinese A-share listed companies. A panel logit model is used to test the hypotheses, and the author also uses clustering robust standard errors to ensure the robustness of the model.FindingsA powerful CEO can drive the firm's adoption of technology, organization and market-oriented OI, and different types of social capital have a differential impact on such relationship. Specifically, the CEO's political social capital has a negative moderating effect, while his/her stronger business social capital can enhance the positive relationship between CEO power and various types of OI activities, as well as mitigate the negative effect of political social capital.Originality/valueThis paper echoes the call for more attention to be paid to the microfoundations of OI and provides theoretical implications for research on the convergence of OI and strategic leadership.