bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sterols, free fatty acids, and total fatty acid content in the massive Porites spp. corals cultured under different pCO2 and temperature treatments
Authors: von Xylander Nora S. H. , Young Simon A. , Cole Catherine , Smith Terry K. , Allison Nicola 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLipids may serve as energy reserves to support coral calcification, allow acclimation to higher temperatures, and are implicated in the control of CaCO3 precipitation. Here, we report the lipid composition of the soft tissues (including host and symbionts) of 7 massive Porites spp. coral colonies (4 × P. lutea and 3 × P. murrayensis), which were cultured under different pCO2 concentrations (180, 260, 400 and 750 µatm) and at two temperatures (25 ℃ and 28 ℃), below the thermal stress threshold. We report the fatty acid methyl esters (FAME), free fatty acid (FFA) to total fatty acid content, sterol and wax ester profiles, and identify two ketones (n-alkanone) and three long chain aldehyde (n-alkanal) derivatives. Increasing seawater temperature significantly increases the contributions of FFAs to the total lipids, of C18:2 and C20:0 to the total FFA pool, of C14:0 to total FAME, and of campesterol to total sterol. The temperature increase also reduces the contributions of unusual fatty acid derivatives to total lipids, of C14:0, C15:0, C16:0 and C17:0 saturated free fatty acids to total FFAs, and of C16:0 FA to total FAME. Fatty acids are implicated in the control of membrane structure fluidity and the observed changes may promote acclimation and thermostability as temperature varies. Seawater pCO2 has no significant effect on the composition of tissue lipids with the exception that the contribution of C14:0 FA to total lipid content is significantly lower at 180 µatm compared to 260 and 750 µatm. Decreased contribution of total sterols and unusual fatty acid derivatives and increased contribution of total FFAs to total lipids are observed in the fastest calcifying coral (a P. lutea specimen) compared to the other corals, under all pCO2 and temperature conditions. Although a rapid calcifier this genotype has been shown previously to exhibit pronounced abnormal changes in skeletal morphology in response to decreased seawater pCO2. Variations in tissue lipid composition between coral genotypes may influence their resilience to future climate change.
Future projection of the African easterly waves in a high-resolution atmospheric general circulation model
Authors: Raj Jerry , Bangalath Hamza Kunhu , Stenchikov Georgiy 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSimulating the features of the African Easterly Waves (AEWs), such as their westward propagation off the east Atlantic coast, is challenging for coarse-resolution climate models. In this study, we use High-Resolution Atmospheric Model (HiRAM) to simulate AEWs and analyze their future projections by the end of the twenty first century. The simulations are performed globally at a horizontal resolution of $$\sim $$
∼
25 km. The model uses shallow convective parameterization for moist convection and stratiform cloudiness. Future projections are conducted using representative concentration pathway 8.5. The AEWs are separated with respect to their periods as 3–5- and 6–9-day period AEWs, and bandpass filtering is used to filter the waves from the mean flow. HiRAM simulates structure and propagation of the waves well; however, it tends to overestimate the associated precipitation. In the future, the AEW precipitation and intensity of the circulation will considerably increase. The northward extent of the AEW track also shows a significant increase in the future. Enhanced baroclinic overturning and eddy available potential energy generated due to diabatic heating is also observed in the future.
Reflection of plane waves from the stress-free boundary of a nonlocal elastic solid half-space containing double porosity
Authors: Kumar Davinder , Singh Dilbag , Tomar Sushil K. , Hirose Sohichi , Saitoh Takahiro , Furukawa Akira , Maruyama Taizo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractReflection phenomena of a set of coupled longitudinal waves/shear wave striking obliquely against the mechanically stress-free boundary surface of a uniform nonlocal elastic solid half-space with double porosity structure have been investigated. Employing the appropriate nonlocal stress-free boundary conditions at the surface, the formulae for reflection coefficients and their corresponding energy ratios have been derived for the dissipative and non-dissipative models. Their variations have been computed against the angle of incidence for a specific model. It is found that all the reflection coefficients depend upon the presence of the nonlocality, porosities of both types, frequency and angle of incidence. Their impact on various coefficients is also studied numerically and depicted graphically.
Low myoglobin concentration in skeletal muscle of elite cyclists is associated with low mRNA expression levels
Authors: Jacobs Nina , Mos Daniek , Bloemers Frank W. , van der Laarse Willem J. , Jaspers Richard T. , van der Zwaard Stephan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMyoglobin is essential for oxygen transport to the muscle fibers. However, measurements of myoglobin (Mb) protein concentrations within individual human muscle fibers are scarce. Recent observations have revealed surprisingly low Mb concentrations in elite cyclists, however it remains unclear whether this relates to Mb translation, transcription and/or myonuclear content. The aim was to compare Mb concentration, Mb messenger RNA (mRNA) expression levels and myonuclear content within muscle fibers of these elite cyclists with those of physically-active controls. Muscle biopsies were obtained from m. vastus lateralis in 29 cyclists and 20 physically-active subjects. Mb concentration was determined by peroxidase staining for both type I and type II fibers, Mb mRNA expression level was determined by quantitative PCR and myonuclear domain size (MDS) was obtained by immunofluorescence staining. Average Mb concentrations (mean ± SD: 0.38 ± 0.04 mM vs. 0.48 ± 0.19 mM; P = 0.014) and Mb mRNA expression levels (0.067 ± 0.019 vs. 0.088 ± 0.027; P = 0.002) were lower in cyclists compared to controls. In contrast, MDS and total RNA per mg muscle were not different between groups. Interestingly, in cyclists compared to controls, Mb concentration was only lower for type I fibers (P < 0.001), but not for type II fibers (P > 0.05). In conclusion, the lower Mb concentration in muscle fibers of elite cyclists is partly explained by lower Mb mRNA expression levels per myonucleus and not by a lower myonuclear content. It remains to be determined whether cyclists may benefit from strategies that upregulate Mb mRNA expression levels, particularly in type I fibers, to enhance their oxygen supply.
Global survey on the surgical management of patients affected by colorectal cancer with synchronous liver metastases: impact of surgical specialty and geographic region
Authors: Sijberden Jasper Paul , Spinelli Antonino , Ferrero Alessandro , Chand Manish , Wexner Steven , Besselink Marc G. , Dagher Ibrahim , Zimmitti Giuseppe , Görgec Burak , de Lacy Antonio , Roy Mayank , Tanis Pieter , Tonti Carlo , Abu Hilal Mohammed 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Consensus on the best surgical strategy for the management of synchronous colorectal liver metastases (sCRLM) has not been achieved. This study aimed to assess the attitudes of surgeons involved in the treatment of sCRLM.

Methods
Surveys designed for colorectal, hepato-pancreato-biliary (HPB), and general surgeons were disseminated through representative societies. Subgroup analyses were performed to compare responses between specialties and continents.

Results
Overall, 270 surgeons (57 colorectal, 100 HPB and 113 general surgeons) responded. Specialist surgeons more frequently utilized minimally invasive surgery (MIS) than general surgeons for colon (94.8% vs. 71.7%, p < 0.001), rectal (91.2% vs. 64.6%, p < 0.001), and liver resections (53% vs. 34.5%, p = 0.005). In patients with an asymptomatic primary, the liver-first two-stage approach was preferred in most respondents’ centres (59.3%), while the colorectal-first approach was preferred in Oceania (83.3%) and Asia (63.4%). A substantial proportion of the respondents (72.6%) had personal experience with minimally invasive simultaneous resections, and an expanding role for this procedure was foreseen (92.6%), while more evidence was desired (89.6%). Respondents were more reluctant to combine a hepatectomy with low anterior (76.3%) and abdominoperineal resections (73.3%), compared to right (94.4%) and left hemicolectomies (90.7%). Colorectal surgeons were less inclined to combine right or left hemicolectomies with a major hepatectomy than HPB and general surgeons (right: 22.8% vs. 50% and 44.2%, p = 0.008; left: 14% vs. 34% and 35.4%, p = 0.002, respectively).

Conclusion
The clinical practices and viewpoints on the management of sCRLM differ between continents, and between and within surgical specialties. However, there appears to be consensus on a growing role for MIS and a need for evidence-based input.

Graphical abstract
Internal drainage for interdisciplinary management of anastomotic leakage after pancreaticogastrostomy
Authors: Felsenstein Matthäus , Amini Ann-Christin , Dorfer Sophie , Hu Mengwen , Wang Ruonan , Timmermann Lea , Hillebrandt Karl Herbert , Benzing Christian , Fehrenbach Uli , Pelzer Uwe , Sauer Igor Maximillian , Pratschke Johann , Jürgensen Christian , Malinka Thomas 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Anastomotic leakage and postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) may occur after pancreatic head resection, also in the setting of pancreato-gastric reconstruction. For adequate complication management, a variety of non-standardized treatments are available. Still, data on clinical evaluation of endoscopic methods remain scarce. Based on our interdisciplinary experience on endoscopic treatment of retro-gastric fluid collections after left-sided pancreatectomies, we developed an innovative endoscopic concept with internal peri-anastomotic stent placement for patients with anastomotic leakage and/or peri-anastomotic fluid collection.

Methods
Over the period of 6 years (2015–2020) we retrospectively evaluated 531 patients after pancreatic head resections at the Department of Surgery, Charité–Unversitätsmedizin Berlin. Of these, 403 received reconstruction via pancreatogastrostomy. We identified 110 patients (27.3%) with anastomotic leakage and/or peri-anastomotic fluid collection and could define four treatment groups which received either conservative treatment (C), percutaneous drainage (PD), endoscopic drainage (ED), and/or re-operation (OP). Patients were grouped in a step-up approach for descriptive analyses and in a stratified, decision-based algorithm for comparative analyses. The study’s primary endpoints were hospitalization (length of hospital stay) and clinical success (treatment success rate, primary/secondary resolution).

Results
We characterized an institutional, post-operative cohort with heterogenous complication management following pancreato-gastric reconstruction. The majority of patients needed interventional treatments (n = 92, 83.6%). Of these, close to one-third (n = 32, 29.1%) were treated with endoscopy-guided, peri-anastomotic pigtail stents for internal drainage as either primary, secondary and/or tertiary treatment modality. Following a decision-based algorithm, we could discriminate superior primary—(77,8% vs 53.7%) and secondary success rates (85.7% vs 68.4%) as well as earlier primary resolutions (11.4 days, 95%CI (5.75–17.13) vs 37.4 days, 95%CI (27.2–47.5)] in patients receiving an endoscopic compared to percutaneous management.

Conclusion
This study underscores the importance of endoscopy-guided approaches for adequate treatment of anastomotic leakage and/or peri-anastomotic fluid collections after pancreatoduodenectomy. We herein report a novel, interdisciplinary concept for internal drainage in the setting of pancreato-gastric reconstruction.
Improving the colorectal cancer care pathway via e-health: a qualitative study among Dutch healthcare providers and managers
Authors: van Deursen Liza , van der Vaart Rosalie , Alblas Eva E. , Struijs Jeroen N. , Chavannes Niels H. , Aardoom Jiska J. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to identify improvement opportunities within the colorectal cancer (CRC) care pathway using e-health and to examine how these opportunities would contribute to the Quadruple Aim.

Methods
In total, 17 semi-structured interviews were held (i.e., nine healthcare providers and eight managers involved in Dutch CRC care). The Quadruple Aim was used as a conceptual framework to gather and systematically structure the data. A directed content analysis approach was employed to code and analyze the data.

Results
Interviewees believe the available e-health technology could be better exploited in CRC care. Twelve different improvement opportunities were identified to enhance the CRC care pathway. Some opportunities could be applied in one specific phase of the pathway (e.g., digital applications to support patients in the prehabilitation program to enhance the program’s effects). Others could be deployed in multiple phases or extended outside the hospital care setting (e.g., digital consultation hours to increase care accessibility). Some opportunities could be easily implemented (e.g., digital communication to facilitate treatment preparation), whereas others require structural, systemic changes (e.g., increasing efficiency in patient data exchanges among healthcare professionals).

Conclusion
This study provides insights into how e-health could add value to CRC care and contribute to the Quadruple Aim. It shows that e-health has the potential to contribute to the challenges in cancer care. To take the next step forward, the perspectives of other stakeholders must be examined, the identified opportunities should be prioritized, and the requirements for successful implementation should be mapped out.
Multi-domain biopsychosocial postoperative recovery trajectories associate with patient outcomes following lumbar fusion
Authors: Halvorson Ryan T. , Torres-Espin Abel , Callahan Matthew , Tay Bobby , O’Neill Conor , Berven Sigurd , Lotz Jeffrey C. , Bailey Jeannie F. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to describe and assess the impact of multi-domain biopsychosocial (BPS) recovery on outcomes following lumbar spine fusion. We hypothesized that discrete patterns of BPS recovery (e.g., clusters) would be identified, and then associated with postoperative outcomes and preoperative patient data.

Methods
Patient-reported outcomes for pain, disability, depression, anxiety, fatigue, and social roles were collected at multiple timepoints for patients undergoing lumbar fusion between baseline and one year. Multivariable latent class mixed models assessed composite recovery as a function of (1) pain, (2) pain and disability, and (3) pain, disability, and additional BPS factors. Patients were assigned to clusters based on their composite recovery trajectories over time.

Results
Using all BPS outcomes from 510 patients undergoing lumbar fusion, three multi-domain postoperative recovery clusters were identified: Gradual BPS Responders (11%), Rapid BPS Responders (36%), and Rebound Responders (53%). Modeling recovery from pain alone or pain and disability alone failed to generate meaningful or distinct recovery clusters. BPS recovery clusters were associated with number of levels fused and preoperative opioid use. Postoperative opioid use (p < 0.01) and hospital length of stay (p < 0.01) were associated with BPS recovery clusters even after adjusting for confounding factors.

Conclusion
This study describes distinct clusters of recovery following lumbar spine fusion derived from multiple BPS factors, which are related to patient-specific preoperative factors and postoperative outcomes. Understanding postoperative recovery trajectories across multiple health domains will advance our understanding of how BPS factors interact with surgical outcomes and could inform personalized care plans.
In situ enzymatic generation of Au/Pt nanoparticles as an analytical photometric system: proof of concept determination of tyramine
Authors: Camacho-Aguayo Javier , de Marcos Susana , Felices Carlos , Galbán Javier 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn situ enzymatic generation of bimetallic nanoparticles, mainly Au/Pt, overcomes the drawbacks (continuous absorbance drift, modest LOQ, and long-time reaction) observed when AuNP alone are produced. In this study, Au/Pt nanoparticles have been characterized by EDS, XPS, and HRTEM images using the enzymatic determination of tyramine with tyramine oxidase (TAO) as a model. Under experimental conditions, the Au/Pt NPs show an absorption maximum at 580 nm which can be related to the concentration of tyramine in the range 1.0 × 10-6M to 2.5 × 10-4M with a RSD of 3.4% (n = 5, using 5 × 10-6M tyramine). The Au/Pt system enables low LOQ (1.0 × 10−6 M), high reduction of the absorbance drift, and a significant shortening of the reaction time (i.e., from 30 to 2 min for a [tyramine] = 1 × 10−4M); additionally, a better selectivity is also obtained. The method has been applied to tyramine determination in cured cheese and no significant differences were obtained compared to a reference method (HRP:TMB). The effect of Pt(II) seems to involve the previous reduction of Au(III) to Au(I) and NP generation from this oxidation state. Finally, a three-step (nucleation-growth-aggregation) kinetic model for the generation of NPs is proposed; this has enabled us to obtain a mathematical equation which explains the experimentally observed variation of the absorbance with time.
Graphical abstract
Modeling and scheduling of production systems by using max-plus algebra
Authors: Al Bermanei Hazem , Böling Jari M. , Högnäs Göran 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Max-plus algebra provides mathematical methods for solving nonlinear problems by using linear equations. These kinds of the problems arise in areas such as manufacturing, transportation, allocation of resources, and information processing technology. In this paper, the scheduling of production systems consisting of many stages and different units is considered, where some of the units can be used for many stages. If a production unit is used for different stages cleaning is needed in between, while no cleaning is needed between stages of the same type. Cleaning of units takes a significant amount of time, which is considered in the scheduling. The goal is to minimize the total production time, and such problems are often solved by using numerical optimization. In this paper a max-plus formalism is used for the modeling and scheduling of such production systems. Structural decisions such as choosing one unit over another proved to be difficult in the latter case, but this can be viewed as a switching max-plus linear system. No switching (and thus no cleaning) is considered as a base case, but for larger production batches the durability constraints will require switches. Switching as seldom as possible is shown to be optimal. Scheduling of a small production system consisting of 6 stages and 6 units is used as a case study.
The independent woman—locus of control and female labor force participation
Authors: Hennecke Juliane 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis paper contributes to the research on heterogeneity in labor force participation decisions between women. This is done by discussing the role of the personality trait locus of control (LOC), a measure of an individual’s belief about the causal relationship between behavior and life outcomes, for differences in participation probabilities. The association between LOC and participation decisions is tested using German survey data, finding that internal women are on average 13 percent more likely to participate in the labor force. These findings are also found to translate into higher employment probabilities at the extensive and intensive margin as well as in a lifetime perspective. Additional analyses identify a strong heterogeneity of the relationship with respect to underlying monetary constraints and social working norms. In line with the existing literature, an important role of LOC for independence preferences as well as subjective beliefs about returns to investments are proposed as theoretical explanations for the findings.
Advances in polishing of internal structures on parts made by laser-based powder bed fusion
Authors: Shen Mingyue , Fang Fengzhou 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe internal structures of metallic products are important in realizing functional applications. Considering the manufacturing of inner structures, laser-based powder bed fusion (L-PBF) is an attractive approach because its layering principle enables the fabrication of parts with customized interior structures. However, the inferior surface quality of L-PBF components hinders its productization progress seriously. In this article, process, basic forms, and applications relevant to L-PBF internal structures are reviewed comprehensively. The causes of poor surface quality and differences in the microstructure and property of the surface features of L-PBF inner structures are presented to provide a perspective of their surface characteristics. Various polishing technologies for L-PBF components with inner structures are presented, whereas their strengths and weaknesses are summarized along with a discussion on the challenges and prospects for improving the interior surface quality of L-PBF parts.
Appraisal of the Pre-Emptive Effect of Lactoferrin Against Chromium-Induced Testicular Toxicity in Male Rats
Authors: Abd El-Rahman Sahar S. , Ashwish Nadia M. , Ali Merhan E. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Lactoferrin (LCF), a potent naturally occurring antioxidant, is a crucial component in preventing potassium dichromate (PDC) toxicity. The goal of the current work was to study the potential efficacy of LCF in preventing PDC(CrVI)-induced testicular toxicity and oxidative injury in rats. Six groups of male rats of Wistar stain were randomly categorized into: group 1, which served as the control; group 2 and 3 received LCF (200 and 300 mg/kg orally, respectively); group 4 received PDC (2 mg/kg i.p.); group 5 and 6 pretreated with LCF, followed by PDC as in group 4 with 90 min apart for 28 days. PDC-intoxicated rats showed a significantly altered spermogram with abnormal sperm morphology. PDC significantly upregulated serum FSH and downregulated testosterone levels. Additionally, PDC decreased the levels of testicular key antioxidant biomarkers (catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione (GSH)) with elevated lipid peroxidation marker (TBARS) and testicular chromium content. Moreover, it upregulated testicular proinflammatory cytokines, IL-1, IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α, induced histopathological changes in testes with significant immunohistochemical expression of FasL and moderate expression of Nrf2. Pretreatment with LCF significantly mitigated PDC-induced testicular toxicity by enhancing spermogram, improving hormonal levels, restoring testicular oxidant/antioxidant balance, and decreasing testicular IL-1, IL6, IL-10, and TNFα levels, and amending both FasL and Nrf2 immunohistochemical-expression. Additionally, LCF improved testicular histopathological picture and spermatogenesis. Our results highlight the importance of LCF as a superior protective modulator of PDC-induced testicular injury.