bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of thoracic spine manipulation for upper quadrant musculoskeletal disorders: protocol for a systematic review
Authors: Thoomes Erik , Tilborghs Gus , Heneghan Nicola R , Falla Deborah , de Graaf Marloes 
Published: September 2023

IntroductionUpper quadrant musculoskeletal disorders (UQMD), comprising of cranial, cervical, shoulder and upper extremity disorders, are among the most frequently reported disorders in clinical practice. Thoracic high velocity low amplitude thrust (Tx-HVLAT) manipulation is a form of conservative management recommended in systematic reviews as an effective treatment option for aspects of UQMD disorders such headache, shoulder pain and lateral elbow pain. However, no recent systematic reviews have assessed the effectiveness across UQMD. Therefore, this systematic review aims to update the current evidence on the effectiveness of Tx-HVLAT for patients with UQMD on (1) patient-reported outcomes, (2) performance measures or (3) psychosocial outcomes.Methods and analysisThe Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PEDro and Index to Chiropractic Literature will be searched from inception using Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), Thesaurus and/or free-text words. Combinations will be made based on localisation, disorder, intervention and design. Following guidelines as advised by the Cochrane Back Review Group, published randomised controlled trials will be included. Two review authors will independently assess the risk of bias (ROB) using the Cochrane Back Review Group’s recommended ROB2 tool and will independently extract the data using a standardised data extraction form. Overall quality of the evidence will be evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) method. For continuous data, we will calculate standardised mean differences with 95% CIs. For dichotomous outcomes, relative risks and 95% CIs will be calculated. Where possible we will present a subgroup analysis by disorder. For pooling, a random-effects model will be used.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval is not required for this systematic review. The study findings will be submitted to a relevant peer-reviewed journal for dissemination and presented at relevant conferences.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42023429996.
Pain catastrophising in Chinese patients with breast cancer during postoperative chemotherapy: a qualitative study
Authors: Zhang Yanting , Long Wenjia , Wang Hongying , Wang Jingyi , Tang Chen , Ma Jing , Zhong Jun 
Published: September 2023

ObjectiveTo investigate the pain catastrophising in patients with breast cancer during postoperative chemotherapy.MethodsObjective sampling method was used to select patients with breast cancer who underwent breast surgery and received chemotherapy in a third-class hospital of Wuhan from October to December 2022 through semi-structured interview. The interview data were sorted out and analysed by content analysis method.ResultsA total of 11 patients were interviewed and five categories were summarised: (1) Physical memory of pain; (2) the special meaning of time; (3) disease treatment and prognosis; (4) interpersonal communication and coping; (5) personal behaviour and growth.ConclusionPatients with breast cancer have adverse pain experience during postoperative chemotherapy. The evaluation and screening of psychological variables such as pain catastrophising should be strengthened to provide new ideas for pain management.
Potential benefits of therapeutic drug monitoring for beta-lactam antibiotics in augmented renal clearance patients: a case report
Authors: El-Haffaf Ibrahim , Laverdière Jean , Albert Martin , Marsot Amélie , Williamson David 
Published: September 2023

Augmented renal clearance (ARC) is commonly described in critically ill patients, making drug pharmacokinetics even harder to predict in this population. This case report displays the value of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of piperacillin/tazobactam (PTZ) in this population. We identified two patients with ARC and intermittent administration of PTZ who took part in a prospective, descriptive study conducted at Hôpital du Sacré-Cœur de Montréal. Both had plasma samples drawn at peak, middle, and end of their dosing intervals of PTZ. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 4 and 8 mg/L were chosen to evaluate therapeutic target attainment at middle and end of dosing interval. The first patient was a 52-year-old male with a renal clearance rate estimated at 147 mL/min who received 3.375 g PTZ every 6 h. The second patient, a 49-year-old male, had an estimated renal clearance rate of 163 mL/min and received the same regimen. Both patients had piperacillin concentrations above the target MICs at middle of the dosing interval, but they failed to reach a trough concentration above 8 mg/L. The present case report showcases two patients with subtherapeutic PTZ concentrations despite strict following of local administration protocols. This suboptimal administration could not only lead to treatment failure, but also to the selection and growth of resistant pathogens. Implementing TDM would offer the possibility to adjust drug regimens in real-time and prevent situations like these from occurring.
Bell inequalities and quantum entanglement in weak gauge boson production at the LHC and future colliders
Authors: Fabbrichesi Marco , Floreanini Roberto , Gabrielli Emidio , Marzola Luca 
Published: September 2023

AbstractQuantum entanglement of weak interaction gauge bosons produced at colliders can be explored by computing the corresponding polarization density matrix. To this end, we consider the Higgs boson decays $$H\rightarrow W W^*$$

H
→
W

W
∗

and $$H\rightarrow Z Z^*$$

H
→
Z

Z
∗

, in which $$W^*$$

W
∗

and $$Z^*$$

Z
∗

are off-shell states, and the WW, WZ and ZZ di-boson production in proton collisions. The polarization density matrix of the di-boson state is determined by the amplitude of the production process and can be experimentally reconstructed from the angular distribution of the momenta of the final states into which the gauge bosons decay. We show that a suitable instance of the Bell inequality is violated in $$H\rightarrow Z Z^*$$

H
→
Z

Z
∗

to a degree that can be tested at the LHC with future data. The same Bell inequality is violated in the production of WW and ZZ boson pairs for invariant masses above 900 GeV and scattering angles close to $$\pi /2$$

π
/
2

in the center of mass frame. LHC data in this case are not sufficient to establish the violation of the Bell inequality. We also analyze the prospects for detecting Bell inequality violations in di-boson final states at future $$e^+e^-$$

e
+

e
-

and muon colliders. A further observable that provides a lower bound on the amount of polarization entanglement in the di-boson system is computed for each of the examined processes. The analytic expressions for the polarization density matrices are presented in full in an Appendix. We also provide the unitary matrices required in the optimization procedure necessary in testing the Bell inequalities.
Use of Micronization and Complex Coacervation to Preserve Antioxidant Properties of Flavonoids
Authors: Fatkullin Rinat , Kalinina Irina , Naumenko Natalya , Naumenko Ekaterina 
Published: September 2023

The plant flavonoids taxifolin and rutin are among the best known and best studied antioxidants. In addition to their antioxidant properties, other pharmacobiological properties have been established for these substances. At the same time, taxifolin and rutin are chemically labile. They are prone to oxidative degradation and have poor water solubility. Under conditions of their real consumption, all this can lead to a significant reduction or complete loss of bioactivity of these flavonoids. Flavonoid modification and encapsulation techniques can be used to overcome these barrier factors. The use of micronization process for taxifolin and rutin allows changing the lipophilicity values of antioxidants. For micronized taxifolin, the

log

P

value is 1.3 (1.12 for the control forms), and for rutin, it was 0.15 (-0.64 for the control forms). The antioxidant activity of micronized flavonoids has increased about 1.16 times compared to control forms. The present study evaluates the possibility of using encapsulation of premyconized flavonoids by complex coacervation, in order to preserve their antioxidant properties. The results of an in vitro digestion study show that the encapsulated forms of antioxidants retain their bioactivity and bioavailability better than their original forms. The bioavailability indices for the encapsulated forms of flavonoids are more than 1.6 times higher than for their original forms. The digested fractions of the encapsulated properties reveal better antioxidant properties than their original forms in in vitro tests evaluating the antioxidant properties on cultures of the protozoan Paramecium caudatum and human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Encapsulated rutin indicates the highest activity, 0.64 relative to PMA. Thus, the studies represent the feasibility of using encapsulation to protect flavonoids during digestion and ensure the preservation of their antioxidant properties.
Abstract PO-016: SSTR2 use and molecular profile in EBV-positive nasopharyngeal carcinoma: A single institution experience
Authors: Whaley Juan J. Juarez-Vignon , Afkhami Michelle , Onyshchenko Mykola , Gernon Thomas , Kang Robert , Maghami Ellie , Sampath Sagus , Amini Arya , Bell Diana , Villaflor Victoria M. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a rare malignancy endemic in Southeast Asia. EBV infection is recognized as a major risk factor playing important roles in oncogenic pathways. Somatostatin receptor 2 (SSTR2) is a marker used in neuroendocrine tumors and appears to demonstrate high prevalence in EBV+ NPCs. Methods: We identified a total of 16 patients with biopsy-proven WHO type 3 EBV+ (via EBER) NPC in which SSTR2 expression via immunohistochemistry (IHC) was analyzed in either primary or metastatic lesions. Additionally, risk factors (smoking or alcohol), P16 via IHC, PD-L1 via IHC, tumor mutation burden (TMB), microsatellite instability (MSI), genomic alterations via Next Generation Sequencing (NGS), and time to progression (TTP) in months were reported. Results: Mean age of diagnosis was 60 years old, 14 were male, 13 were locally advanced and 37.5% former or heavy smokers. Ten patients were Asian with the rest being Latino (4), European (1) and unknown (1). Fourteen out of sixteen patients (87.5%) had SSTR2 expression either in primary lesions or metastatic lesions. P16 was measured in seven cases, all of them being negative. PDL1 was measured in 11 cases, 9 had high expression (≥ 20 CPS), 2 had expression (1-19 CPS) and 5 was not measured. In 10 cases TMB was evaluated, seven had low TMB and three intermediate TMB. From the TMB intermediate cases, all of them were MSI stable and two high PDL1 expression. From the 10 patients with MSI status all of them were stable. Out of the 16 patients, 11 patients had NGS performed from which 9 patients had clinically significant alterations. 4 out of 9 patients (44.4%) had an 11q13.2-13.3 amplification followed by 33.3% having a 9p21 loss and 22.2% TP53 mutation. Survival, median survival was not reached and median TTP was 23 months with the most common site being the liver. Conclusions: Given the high prevalence of SSTR2 in EBV+ NPCs (87.5%) in our cohort, SSTR2 via IHC may be a good screening tool for EBV + NPCs with potential diagnostic and therapeutic implications. 11q amplifications being present in 44.4% of our cohort might also be of diagnostic significance in NPC. Prognostic and clinical implications warrant further investigation.
Citation Format: Juan J. Juarez-Vignon Whaley, Michelle Afkhami, Mykola Onyshchenko, Thomas Gernon, Robert Kang, Ellie Maghami, Sagus Sampath, Arya Amini, Diana Bell, Victoria M. Villaflor. SSTR2 use and molecular profile in EBV-positive nasopharyngeal carcinoma: A single institution experience [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-AHNS Head and Neck Cancer Conference: Innovating through Basic, Clinical, and Translational Research; 2023 Jul 7-8; Montreal, QC, Canada. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2023;29(18_Suppl):Abstract nr PO-016.
Abstract PO-061: Utilizing T cell receptor-based therapy to treat anaplastic thyroid cancer
Authors: Hung Shao-Hsi , Henderson Ying , Pan Ke , Chiu Yulun , Singh Shailbala , Chen Yunyun , Lai Stephen , Yee Cassian 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is considered to be among the most aggressive solid tumors in thyroid tissue, with a 6-month medium overall survival. The effectiveness of conventional treatments, such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy, in extending the survival of patients is limited. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop novel systemic therapeutic interventions that can induce long-lasting responses. Adoptive cell therapy has revolutionized cancer immunotherapy by successfully treating B-cell malignancies through chimeric antigen receptor-based approaches. For solid tumors, there is a need to identify a broader spectrum of tumor target antigens, and the field has now shifted towards leveraging T cell receptors (TCRs) which can recognize both intracellular and extracellular antigen-derived epitopes displayed by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules. Our team has established an immunogenic epitope discovery pipeline, followed by a specialized protocol for empiric validation of candidate epitopes. We characterized immunogenic epitopes by coupling tandem mass spectrometry of MHC-eluted peptides with tumor proteome and MHC-peptide binding prediction databases. By integrating multi-omics data (genomics, transcriptomics, and immunopeptidomics) from both in-house and publicly available ATC databases, we find that ATC exhibits significant upregulation of pathways associated with microtubule-based movement, chromosome segregation, kinetochore complex components, and mitotic cytokinesis. We have identified several HLA-A2- and A24-restricted immunogenic peptides representing these pathway-associated proteins that covered more than 60% of the patient population. NDC80 kinetochore complex components (NDC80) and PDZ binding kinase (PBK) have been selected as top candidates. Peptides derived from NDC80 and PBK were subsequently utilized to isolate antigen-specific T cells from peripheral blood and identify cognate TCR. These peptide-specific T lymphocytes elicit cytotoxicity toward multiple HLA-matched ATC cell lines and tumor samples in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, understanding the role of these genes in ATC tumorigenesis may identify novel combination strategies with adoptive cell therapy to yield synergistic effects. In conclusion, our studies contribute to the development of a new treatment paradigm for treating ATC, with the prospect of improving survival and outcome in this rare cancer patient population.
Citation Format: Shao-Hsi Hung, Ying Henderson, Ke Pan, Yulun Chiu, Shailbala Singh, Yunyun Chen, Stephen Lai, Cassian Yee. Utilizing T cell receptor-based therapy to treat anaplastic thyroid cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-AHNS Head and Neck Cancer Conference: Innovating through Basic, Clinical, and Translational Research; 2023 Jul 7-8; Montreal, QC, Canada. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2023;29(18_Suppl):Abstract nr PO-061.
Association of Baseline Cerebrovascular Reactivity and Longitudinal Development of Enlarged Perivascular Spaces in the Basal Ganglia
Authors: Libecap T.J. , Bauer Christopher E. , Zachariou Valentinos , Pappas Colleen A. , Raslau Flavius D. , Liu Peiying , Lu Hanzhang , Gold Brian T. 
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND:
Increasing evidence suggests that enlarged perivascular spaces (ePVS) are associated with cognitive dysfunction in aging. However, the pathogenesis of ePVS remains unknown. Here, we tested the possibility that baseline cerebrovascular dysfunction, as measured by a magnetic resonance imaging measure of cerebrovascular reactivity, contributes to the later development of ePVS.

METHODS:
Fifty cognitively unimpaired, older adults (31 women; age range, 60–84 years) underwent magnetic resonance imaging scanning at baseline and follow-up separated by ≈2.5 years. ePVS were counted in the basal ganglia, centrum semiovale, midbrain, and hippocampus. Cerebrovascular reactivity, an index of the vasodilatory capacity of cerebral small vessels, was assessed using carbon dioxide inhalation while acquiring blood oxygen level-dependent magnetic resonance images.

RESULTS:

Low baseline cerebrovascular reactivity values in the basal ganglia were associated with increased follow-up ePVS counts in the basal ganglia after controlling for age, sex, and baseline ePVS values (estimate [SE]=−3.18 [0.96];
P
=0.002; [95% CI, −5.11 to −1.24]). This effect remained significant after accounting for self-reported risk factors of cerebral small vessel disease (estimate [SE]=−3.10 [1.00];
P
=0.003; [CI, −5.11 to −1.09]) and neuroimaging markers of cerebral small vessel disease (estimate [SE]=−2.72 [0.99];
P
=0.009; [CI, −4.71 to −0.73]).

CONCLUSIONS:
Our results demonstrate that low baseline cerebrovascular reactivity is a risk factor for later development of ePVS.
The “Bounties of Our New Servant”: Isotopes, Industry, and Economy before and after Atoms for Peace
Authors: Herran Néstor 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Produced and distributed at subsidized prices by national nuclear establishments, radioisotopes provided the earliest non-military application of nuclear energy. Starting in the late 1940s, thanks to their multiple uses in medicine and research, they were ubiquitous in conceptions for peaceful nuclear programs. In the 1950s, Atoms for Peace initiatives encouraged nuclear establishments to develop industrial applications of radioisotopes, stressing the economic benefits of their use. However, the spread of radioisotopes in industry turned out to be more problematic than envisaged, as it had to confront an increasing awareness of radiation risks. In this sense, the main effect of Atoms for Peace seems to have been the establishment of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) as the major actor in dealing with isotopes and their commercial distribution.
Do We Prepare for What We Predict? How Target Expectations Affect Preparatory Attentional Templates and Target Selection in Visual Search
Authors: Grubert Anna , Eimer Martin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Visual search is guided by representations of target-defining features (attentional templates) that are activated in a preparatory fashion. Here, we investigated whether these template activation processes are modulated by probabilistic expectations about upcoming search targets. We tracked template activation while observers prepared to search for one or two possible color-defined targets by measuring N2pc components (markers of attentional capture) to task-irrelevant color probes flashed every 200 msec during the interval between search displays. These probes elicit N2pcs only if the corresponding color template is active at the time when the probe appears. Probe N2pcs emerged from about 600 msec before search display onset. They did not differ between one-color and two-color search, indicating that two color templates can be activated concurrently. Critically, probe N2pcs measured during two-color search were identical for probes matching an expected or unexpected color (target color probability: 80% vs. 20%), or one of two equally likely colors. This strongly suggests that probabilistic target color expectations had no impact on search preparation. In marked contrast, subsequent target selection processes were strongly affected by these expectations. We discuss possible explanations for this clear dissociation in the effects of expectations on preparatory search template activation and search target selection, respectively.
Neural Mechanisms Underlying Trust to Friends, Community Members, and Unknown Peers in Adolescence
Authors: Sweijen Sophie W. , van de Groep Suzanne , te Brinke Lysanne W. , Fuligni Andrew J. , Crone Eveline A. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Trust plays an important role during adolescence for developing social relations. Although prior developmental studies give us insight into adolescents' development of differentiation between close (e.g., friends) and unknown (e.g., unknown peers) targets in trust choices, less is known about the development of trust to societal targets (e.g., members of a community organization) and its underlying neural mechanisms. Using a modified version of the Trust Game, our preregistered fMRI study examined the underlying neural mechanisms of trust to close (friend), societal (community member), and unknown others (unknown peer) during adolescence in 106 participants (aged 12–23 years). Adolescents showed most trust to friends, less trust to community members, and the least trust to unknown peers. Neural results show that target differentiation in adolescents' trust behavior is associated with activity in social brain regions implicated during mentalizing, reward processing, and cognitive control. Recruitment of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and OFC was higher for closer targets (i.e., friend and community member). For the mPFC, this effect was most pronounced during no trust choices. Trust to friends was additionally associated with increased activity in the precuneus and bilateral temporal parietal junction. In contrast, bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and anterior cingulate cortex were most active for trust to unknown peers. The mPFC showed increased activity with age and consistent relations with individual differences in feeling needed/useful.
A Role for Bottom–Up Alpha Oscillations in Temporal Integration
Authors: Karvat Golan , Landau Ayelet N. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Neural oscillations in the 8–12 Hz alpha band are thought to represent top–down inhibitory control and to influence temporal resolution: Individuals with faster peak frequencies segregate stimuli appearing closer in time. Recently, this theory has been challenged. Here, we investigate a special case in which alpha does not correlate with temporal resolution: when stimuli are presented amidst strong visual drive. Based on findings regarding alpha rhythmogenesis and wave spatial propagation, we suggest that stimulus-induced, bottom–up alpha oscillations play a role in temporal integration. We propose a theoretical model, informed by visual persistence, lateral inhibition, and network refractory periods, and simulate physiologically plausible scenarios of the interaction between bottom–up alpha and the temporal segregation. Our simulations reveal that different features of oscillations, including frequency, phase, and power, can influence temporal perception and provide a theoretically informed starting point for future empirical studies.