bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reducing Inequality for Persons with Disabilities: Demystifying the ‘and’ Between Disability and Development
Authors: Gairola V. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionThe aim of this paper lies in demystifying, historicizing, and de-alienating the relationship between disability and development. Both disability and development inform each other and are informed by each other in various ways which are on one hand similar and on the other hand unique. Disability is heterogeneous in nature. Disability and development are about power, access, solidarity, advocacy, inequality, rights, voice, and support. It is about accessing accessibility. It is important to understand the politics of language—how we conceptualize persons with disabilities.ObjectivesThe paper theorizes the ‘and’ between disability and development. What is that bridging telling us? There is already an invisible ‘and’ which joins disability and development even before this visible ‘and’ was placed in between them. It is to understand how disability is related to gender, caste, class, and poverty. The paper also looks at the government policies and adds suggestions as to what can be done practically to reduce inequality for persons with disabilities for developing a new India.MethodsThis research used primary sources like books, articles, government programmes, and policies to make sense of how disability is understood and experienced in India.ResultsIt shows how disability and development inform each other and are informed by each other. The paper shows how each person has disabling parts and “normal” parts. Representation helps one to know the multifarious dimensions of what is awful, reprehensive, acceptable, possible, desirable, etc. Representation structures reality. Hence, they are a critical component of bringing about rights.ConclusionsIt is crucial to look at the needs and challenges at the ground level contextually. It is important to understand why survival is considered sufficient and not full participation. Policies need to resonate culturally as otherwise, they tend to be confined to particular lases and groups in societies with access to technology, information, and the English language. What matters is the visibility of disability.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Neuroimaging studies of addiction: The need to incorporate real life data and profile
heterogeneity
Authors: Sescousse G. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Neuroimaging studies of addiction seek to understand the brain mechanisms that
predispose to and support the maintenance of addictive behaviors. Traditional studies are
case-control cross-sectional studies, i.e. they conceptualized
individuals suffering from addiction as a homogenous group, and report lab-based experiments
conducted at one particular point in time. In this talk, I will argue that a refined
understanding of addictive behaviors requires the use of dimensional
longitudinal studies. Using dimensions will reveal the existence of
heterogenous profiles within diagnostic groups, and allow
researchers to incorporate individual variability in their models.
In turn, using longitudinal follow-up measures should allow researchers to determine whether
brain-related abnormalities are predictive of symptoms in
real-life. I will illustrate these points using a few example
studies from the literature.

Disclosure of Interest
None Declared
Fear of COVID-19 and severity of particular autistic traits in the general population.
Authors: Bieczek D. M. , Ściślicka A. I. , Bobowska A. V. , Tomsia F. M. , Wilczyński K. M. , Janas-Kozik M. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionA lot of issues have raised since the beginning of the pandemic and doctors had to learn how to deal with increasing problems of stress and anxiety. The new situation was a great threat to one’s safety and some more vulnerable people could experience a higher level of anxiety. Patients with autistic traits might be more prone to it. It is essential to find out who is more exposed and who will require additional care.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to assess the level of fear of COVID-19 and explore its possible correlation with the severity of the particular autistic traits in the general population.MethodsThe study was conducted online, utilizing the questionnaire consisting of Autism-Spectrum Quotient (AQ) to assess the severity of autistic traits (social skills, attention switching, attention to detail, communication and imagination) and questionnaire FCV-19S that was used to assess the level of fear of COVID-19. Access to the questionnaire was possible from 16.02.2021 to 11.06.2021 and 214 unique records were gathered during this period.ResultsIn the multiple regression (R2= 0,16, p<0,0001) a positive relationship between the level of felt fear of COVID-19 and the severity of difficulties with attention switching (p=0,006) and age (p=0,000015) was found.ConclusionsPeople with higher severity of problems with attention switching demonstrated higher levels of fear of COVID-19 due to cognitive stiffness and disturbances in the regulation of emotions. Older people presented a higher level of fear as well.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Substance use: comparison between the pandemic period and post-pandemic
Authors: Abu Shehab A. H. I. , Mihai T. , Bulgaru I. D. , Gheorman V. , Voinescu D. C. , Ciubară A. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionSubstance abuse is a pattern of compulsive substance use that is accompanied by repeated substantial interpersonal, social, professional, or legal negative effects, such as repeated absences from work or school, arrests, or marital issues.ObjectivesThe study aims to show the influence of psychological factors among the consumption of alcohol in the general population.Methods
A retrospective study that was conducted at the “Elisabeta Doamna” Psychiatry hospital of Galati, Romania. The study shows the fluctuations in hospital admissions of patients with alcohol related disorders in the period November 2020 till September 2022.ResultsThe study was conducted to show the difference in the number of admissions before and after the date of 1st March 2022, which is the date when the authorities in Romania have lifted the restrictions that were implemented to reduce the spread of Covid_19 virus. The number of total cases in the period between the 1st of November 2020 and 28th of February 2022 were 672 patients, from which 518 patients were males from Urban areas. In the period between the 1st March 2022 and the 1st of September 2022, the number of patients that were admitted due to substance use were 232 cases. This shows a significant decrease in the number of admissions that can be related to the decrease of psychological stressing factors that were accompanied with the restriction measure of the pandemic.ConclusionsOverall, the results of this retrospective study suggest that the prevalence of adult substance use has declined with the decrease of the restriction measures that were imposed by the authorities. Monitoring and ongoing surveillance of substance use will be necessary over the years following the pandemic.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Predicting Depression Severity from Spontaneous Speech as Prompted by a Virtual Agent
Authors: König A. , Mina M. , Schäfer S. , Linz N. , Tröger J. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionOne of the major challenges in clinical psychiatry remains the absence of well established objective measures of symptoms’ severity. Clinical insights are mainly provided through keen behavioral observation and subjective questionnaires and scales.ObjectivesThe aim of this paper is to predict depression severity through speech using the features extracted from the speech as provided by participants during a semi-structured dialogue with a virtual avatar.MethodsWe use data from a subset of the DAICWOZ dataset consisting in 142 dialogues between participants and a virtual avatar during which the avatar uses several prompts to maintain a conversation with the participant. The avatar uses prompts involving the topics of travel, dream jobs, and memorable experiences. From the speech generated from the dialogue, we extract participant utterances separated by prompt and extract features from the three sets of transcripts. We extract content features from the transcript and acoustic features from the excerpt corresponding to the speech from the participant for the prompt in question.We perform regression experiments on the PHQ8 items using the features extracted from each set of transcripts. Furthermore, we combine the features extracted from each set of transcripts and compute partial spearman correlations between them and the PHQ8 items using gender as a covariate.ResultsWith our best regression model we obtain an R2 of 0.1, explaining 10% of the variance in the PHQ total score. Additionally, we obtain a mean absolute error of 1.25, suggesting that the regressor can detect with more or less precision clinically meaningful differences in depression severity between participants. Partial correlations between the total score and the features show significant correlations between features dependent on the amount of speech generated by each participant, along with the complexity of syntactic structures used.ConclusionsAutomatic analysis of spontaneous speech could help with the detection and monitoring of signs of depression. By combining the use of this technology with timely intervention strategies for instance provided by a virtual agent it could contribute to timely prevention.Disclosure of InterestA. König: None Declared, M. Mina Employee of: ki:elements GmbH, S. Schäfer Employee of: ki:elements GmbH, N. Linz Shareolder of: ki:elements GmbH, Employee of: ki:elements GmbH, J. Tröger Shareolder of: ki:elements GmbH, Employee of: ki:elements GmbH
Early Outcomes of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Complex Clinical Population
Authors: Samokhvalov A. V. , Weber M. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionRepetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) is a new emerging neuromodulation treatment that has been tried for multiple psychiatric conditions [1, 2]. Its major approved application is treatment-resistant depression (TRD) [1]. At the same time there is a perceived potential for its use for other clinical conditions, primarily other mood and anxiety disorders [2]. At Homewood Health Centre we have been using rTMS as an adjunct treatment for patients with TRD and multiple comorbidities.ObjectivesTo evaluate the effectiveness and feasibility of rTMS in complex clinical populations.MethodsObservational study. Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (QIDS). Generalized Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire (GAD-7). Descriptive statistics.ResultsWe have treated 30 patients, 12 women (40%) and 18 men (60%), with average age of 42.0±15.6 years. All patients had a primary diagnosis of major depressive disorder. The standard questionnaires were used to quantify the severity of depressive symptoms (QIDS) and anxiety (GAD-7). The average baseline scores for depression and anxiety were 16.1±4.9 and 15.0±4.4, respectively. The patients received an average of 28.1±5.1 treatments. All patients but one received the full course of treatment as planned. The average end-of-treatment (EoT) scores for severity of depressive symptoms and anxiety were 9.6±6.5 and 7.3±5.3, respectively. The rates of improvement and remission for depressive symptoms were 66.7% and 36.7%, respectively. The rates of improvement and remission for anxiety symptoms were 76.9% and 30.8%, respectively.Image:ConclusionsOur data indicate that rTMS provides significant improvement and recovery rates in complex clinical populations and is well-tolerated. While further research is required, we recommend wider implementation of rTMS for treatment of mood and anxiety disorders.References1. Brunoni AR, Chaimani A, Moffa AH, Razza LB, Gattaz WF, Daskalakis ZJ, Carvalho AF: Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for the Acute Treatment of Major Depressive Episodes. JAMA Psychiatry 2017, 74(2):143.2. Somani A, Kar SK: Efficacy of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in treatment-resistant depression: the evidence thus far. Gen Psychiatr 2019, 32(4):e100074.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Euthanasia and assisted suicide (EAS) in psychiatric patients
Authors: Pedro Felgueiras P. , Silva R. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionA legal definition for EAS describes this procedure as “intentionally terminating life by someone other than the person concerned, at the latter’s request”. The number of requests for EAS has been progressively increasing in countries where this procedure is allowed, including concerning psychiatric patients (2% of all requests). EAS for reasons of unbearable suffering raises ethical concerns due to lack of criteria for psychiatric patients.ObjectivesTo discuss the avaliable data about EAS and its controversial value in psychiatric patients.MethodsNon-systematic review of literature on current knowledge about EAS, particularly in patients with mental disorder.ResultsIn terms of sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, these patients were mostly women, with at least two psychiatric conditions; the main diagnosis is a (treatment-resistant) mood disorder, with some medical comorbidity. Psychological suffering was the main motivation, in patients with severe symptomatology associated with psychiatric and physical conditions (26% reported both psychological and physical suffering). These patients tend to be empowered and value self-determination. There is to highlight a high percentage of patients still alive after a not granted pEAS request (69%) and a high rate of pEAS requests withdrawals (37%).ConclusionsSuicide prevention remains a priority in terms of public health. Thus, there is a need to ensure that EAS isn`t a way to increase suicide mortality by giving access to lethal methods to suicidal patients. In some cases, EAS request has a paradoxical value to regain control of life and it`s related to the transient nature of unbearable mental suffering.The actual process provides a continued recovery-oriented care in parallel with the EAS evaluation, and a thorough evaluation which requires a multi-expert panel with the envolvement of mental health professionals. Ethical concerns remains about its paradox: unbearable psychological suffering is a target for suicide prevention and also a required criterion for EAS.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Comparing the distribution of neuropsychiatric symptoms among individuals with depression and mild cognitive impairment
Authors: Keng A. , Kapustin D. , Ma C. , Bingham K. , Fischer C. , Mah L. , Gallagher D. , Butters M. A. , Bowie C. R. , Voineskos A. , Graff A. , Flint A. , Herrmann N. , Pollock B. , Mulsant B. , Rajji T. , Kumar S. ,   P.-M. Study Group
Published: August 2023

IntroductionNeuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) are common during the course of neurocognitive disorders. NPS have been previously reported in early and late stages of Alzheimer’s Disease. However, our understanding of NPS in high-risk states for dementia such as mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and major depressive disorder (MDD) is poor.ObjectivesTo compare the frequency and factor structure of neuropsychiatric symptoms among individuals with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) in remission, and comorbid MCI and MDD (in remission) (MCI-D).MethodsWe used baseline data from the Prevention of Alzheimer’s Dementia with Cognitive Remediation Plus Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Depression (PACt-MD) study, a multicenter trial across five academic sites in Toronto, Canada (clinical trial No. NCT0238667). We used ANOVA or χ2-test to compare frequency of NPS across groups. We used factor analysis of Neuropsychiatric Inventory Questionnaire (NPI-Q) items in the three groups.ResultsWe included 374 participants with a mean age of 72.0 years (SD = 6.3). In the overall sample, at least one NPS was present in 64.2% participants, and 36.1 % had at least moderate severity NPS (36.1%). Depression (54%, χ2 < 0.001) and apathy (28.7%, χ2=0.002) were more prevalent in the MCI-D group as compared to MCI and MDD groups. In factor analysis, NPS grouped differently in MCI, MDD, and MCI-D groups. A “psychotic” subgroup emerged among MCI and MCI-D, but not in MDD. Night-time behaviors and disinhibition grouped differently across all three groups.ConclusionsPrevalence of NPS seems higher in persons with MCI-D as compared to those with only MCI or MDD. The factor structure of NPS differed between MCI, MDD, and MCI-D groups. Future studies should investigate the association of NPS factors with cognition, function, and illness biomarkers.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Anti-inflammatory properties of Risperidone : A clinical Trial
Authors: Askri F. , Aissa A. , Jedda S. , Ben Chaabene A. , Abaza H. , Ouali U. , Zgueb Y. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionThe evidence of an inflammatory status at onset of psychosis supports the adjunction of anti-inflammatory agent to antipsychotic (AP). Some negative results of these clinical trials lead us to wonder about the anti-inflammatory power of AP.ObjectivesWould the action of associated anti-inflammatory agents be negligible compared to the anti-inflammatory potential of AP?MethodsWe conducted a prospective study. We included patients hospitalized for acute relapse of schizophrenia. They were all treated with Risperidone. We measured High sensitive C Reactive Protein (Hs CRP) at baseline and 8 weeks after.ResultsWe included 24 patients. Mean age was 34,5 +7,32 years with 75% of female. Mean age of onset of illness was 24,63 ±4,81 years and illness duration was 10,70 +6,42 years. After 8 weeks, PANSS scores decreased significantly from 79,13 +12,07 to 47,21 +8,41 and Hs CRP levels dropped by 1,55 +3,96 mg/l.ConclusionsThese results highlighted the anti-inflammatory action of Risperidone. Clinical trial should consider the proportion of anti-inflammatory agents action.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Coercion rates in different mental health care models: flexible assertive community treatment vs care as usual
Authors: Tomcuk A. , Roganovic V. , Tomcuk K. , Dedovic S. , Djurisic T. , Dedovic J. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionIn 2018, within the Horizon 2020 program, RECOVER-E project activities were initiated in Montenegro. During the years 2019 and 2020 Community mental health team (CMHT) within the Special Psychiatric Hospital Kotor was established. This team became responsible for management of treatment of a group of users with severe mental health illnesses, based on the principles of „Flexible Assertive Community Treatment (FACT – A Dutch model).ObjectivesThe main objective of this research was to establish whether there were substantial differences regarding the use of seclusions, restraints and forced medication during the hospital readmissions in the group of patients treated by the CMHT, compared to usual mental health care in Montenegro.MethodsA sample of 202 users of mental health services from Kotor and surrounding municipalities were recruited. Patients were randomized into two similar-sized groups - intervention group, whose treatment was managed by the multidisciplinary CMHT, and control group where treatment as usual was continued (outpatient treatment without field work and hospital readmissions during the psychotic relapses).To estimate and follow-up the frequency of application of coercive measures in this research, hospital documentation was used.ResultsPatients in the intervention group had statistically significant less coercive intervention (such are mechanical restraining, seclusions, isolations and forced medication) during the study. There were no significant differences in the number of hospital days and readmission rates.ConclusionsThis study showed that CMHT care could reduce some of the coercive measures during the treatment of severe mental illnesses.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
The influence of depression symptoms on postmorbid adaptation of patients after SARS-CoV-2 infection
Authors: Barkhatova A. , Sorokin S. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionThe study discusses the possibility of assessing postmorbid adaptation in depressed patients who had SARS-CoV-2 infection, within the framework of a multimorbidity model. This model takes into account not only mental, but also somatic clusters and allows to identify non-randomly occurring, related conditions and their impact on the ability to recover.ObjectivesThe aim of the study is evaluation of the impact of psychosomatic and anxiety symptoms of depression on the formation of postmorbid adaptation in a group of patients who underwent outpatient SARS-CoV-2 infection.MethodsThe data of 54 patients aged 25-55 years with a current depressive episode who underwent outpatient SARS-CoV-2 infection were analyzed. We used the Hamilton depression rating scale (HDRS); the somatic condition was assessed using a general assessment of the patient’s function limitation at the stage of convalescence. A linear regression analysis was performed to assess the association of psychosomatic and anxiety symptoms with somatic condition in SARS-CoV-2 infection, regardless of other factors.ResultsAn association was established in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection showing signs of psychosomatic and anxiety symptoms of depression. Patterns of somatic and anxiety symptoms were independently associated with impaired postmorbid adaptation, other manifestations of depression did not show such association. This fact raises the question of whether depression syndrome is really associated with an impaired postmorbid adaptation in the postcovid period, or only certain specific symptoms of somatic anxiety explain the low readaptation capacity in this group of patients.ConclusionsIdentification of clusters of symptoms associated with an impact on the full recovery possibilities in the SARS-CoV-2-postmorbid period can significantly help in providing high-quality and targeted psychopharmacological care.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared