bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thoracic endovascular aortic repair with collateral vessels from the femoral artery to Adamkiewicz’s artery
Authors: Noda Kazuki , Seike Yoshimasa , Nishii Tatsuya , Matsuda Hitoshi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIdentification of the Adamkiewicz’s artery (AKA) prior to the operation is one of the spinal cord ischaemia preventive measures. A 75-year-old man presented with the rapid expansion of thoracic aortic aneurysm. Collateral vessels from the right common femoral artery to the AKA were observed on preoperative computed tomography angiography. The stent graft was successfully deployed through the contralateral side via a pararectal laparotomy to avoid collateral vessel injury supplying the AKA. This case highlights the significance of preoperative identification of collateral vessels to the AKA.
Rising Gold Prices but Lower Incomes for Gold Miners: Evidence on Market Imperfections from Burkina Faso during COVID-19
Authors: van der Merwe Antoinette , Brugger Fritz , Günther Isabel 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Although artisanal gold mining is known for human rights violations and environmental degradation, it is an increasingly important economic activity in many African countries, with a high potential to alleviate poverty. Due to increased demand for gold investment during the COVID-19 pandemic, the monthly international gold price has increased by 20% from January to May 2020. To understand how the COVID-19 pandemic has influenced gold miners, we analyse a panel survey of about 170 artisanal gold miners interviewed 2 months before the first case of COVID-19 in Burkina Faso. Follow-up surveys were done early in the pandemic and about 1 year after baseline. Various pre-existing local market failures caused local gold prices to decrease by 20%–30% from January to May 2020, when international gold prices noticeably increased. Market failures include oligopsonistic market conditions on the mines, which worsened due to travel restrictions that disrupted trading routes, reduced local traders' liquidity and made it difficult for traders to reach mines. Moreover, we find that miners have very little knowledge of international gold prices, and due to insecurity and credit constraints, they are unable to wait for local prices to recover. Once travel restrictions were lifted, the local gold price recovered close to the global gold price. To make local markets more competitive and ensure that miners benefit from rising international gold prices, governments could broadcast world gold prices on local radio, increase trading opportunities and provide access to credits for miners.
Utilization of feather keratin waste to antioxidant and migration-enhancer peptides byBacillus licheniformis8-4
Authors: Pei Xiao-Dong , Li Fan , Gao Tian-Tian , Su Lin-Ying , Yu Fu-Tian , Shi Ping , Liu Chen-Xing , Wang Cheng-Hua 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimsFeathers are keratin-rich byproducts of poultry processing, but those are often frequently abandoned as garbage and thus polluting the environment. Therefore, the study focused on the efficient biodegradation, bioactivity, and high-value application of feather keratin.Methods and resultsFeather-degrading bacteria were identified, and the degradation properties were characterized. DPPH (1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical) and ABTS (2,2′-Azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid))radical scavenging assays, cytotoxicity assays, intracellular reactive oxygen scavenging assays, and cell migration assays were used to examine the biological activities of the feather keratin hydrolysis peptides (FKHPs). The results showed that we screened a feather-degrading strain of Bacillus licheniformis 8-4, which achieved complete degradation of 2% (w/v) feathers within 48 h. Notably, the feather fermentation broth was particularly high in FKHPs, which exhibited good DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging ability. Further studies revealed that FKHPs had both the ability to scavenge H2O2-induced ROS from HaCat cells and the ability to promote HaCat cell migration, while remaining non-toxic.ConclusionsThe effective feather-degrading ability of B. licheniformis 8-4 allowed for the fermentation of feather medium to yield active peptides that were both antioxidants and cell-migration enhancers.
Feeding aSaccharomyces cerevisiaefermentation product before and during a feed restriction challenge on milk production, plasma biomarkers, and immune function in Holstein cows
Authors: Coleman Danielle N , Jiang Qianming , Lopes Matheus G , Ritt Luciano , Liang Yusheng , Aboragah Ahmad , Trevisi Erminio , Yoon Ilkyu , Loor Juan J 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPeriods of decreased feed intake may disrupt function of the intestinal barrier. Feeding NutriTek® (NTK; Diamond V, Cedar Rapids, IA), a postbiotic from S. cerevisiae fermentation (SCFP), improved health and supported anti-inflammatory functions. We investigated the effects of feeding NTK to cows before and during a period of feed restriction (FR) designed to model periods of intestinal barrier dysfunction. In total, 16 multiparous cows (97.1 ± 7.6 DIM; n = 8/group) were fed a control diet (CON) or CON plus 19 g/d NTK for 9 wk (Phase 1; P1) and then were subjected to an FR challenge for 5 d, during which they were fed 40% of their ad libitum intake from the 7 d prior to FR. Milk yield (MY) and DMI were collected daily. During FR, milk was collected daily for composition, blood daily to measure plasma biomarkers and to measure monocyte and neutrophil phagocytosis and oxidative burst on d 1, 3, and 5. Data were analyzed using a mixed model in SAS 9.4. All data were subjected to repeated measures ANOVA. Dietary treatment (TRT), Day, and their interaction (TRT × Day) were considered as fixed effects and cow as the random effect. For analysis of P1, data collected during a 7-d adaptation phase were used as a covariate. During P1, NTK cows tended to have greater DMI and had greater fat, ECM and FCM yields, and feed efficiency (ECM/DMI and FCM/DMI). Protein yield tended to be greater in NTK compared with CON cows. A tendency for greater monocyte phagocytosis was detected with NTK. However, during FR, feeding NTK led to lower MY and lactose yield and tended to lower solids percentage. While NTK cows tended to have reduced neutrophil oxidative burst than CON cows during FR (NTK: 26.20%, CON: 36.93%), there was no difference in phagocytosis (NTK: 7.92%, CON: 6.31%). Plasma biomarkers of energy metabolism, liver function, inflammation, and oxidative stress during the FR period did not differ. Overall, results suggested that feeding NTK increased the yield of FCM, ECM, feed efficiency and milk components prior to FR.
Soluble corn fiber, resistant corn starch, and protected butyrate effects on performance, gastrointestinal volatile fatty acids, and apparent total-tract digestibility of calcium and phosphorus in nursery pigs
Authors: Kerr Brian J , Pearce Sarah C , Ramirez Shelby M , Schweer Wesley P , Gabler Nicholas K 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAn experiment was conducted to determine how feeding calcium (Ca)-deficient diet would affect gastrointestinal pH and volatile fatty acids (VFAs), Ca digestibility, bone mineral density (BMD), and performance in nursery pigs; and if supplementation of nondigestible oligosaccharides would affect these same parameters. In total, 240 weaned pigs (BW = 7.1 kg) were placed into 80 pens with 3 pigs/pen. The eight dietary treatments consisted of: 1) positive control (PC, 0.83% total Ca), 2) negative control (NC, 0.50% total Ca), 3 and 4) NC + 5% or 7.5% soluble corn fiber (SCF), 5 and 6) NC + 5% or 7.5% resistant corn starch (rCS), 7 and 8) NC + 0.25% or 0.50% fat-protected butyrate (pBRT). Pigs were ad libitum fed the dietary treatments for 21 d to determine average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI) and gain:feed ratio (GF) with a fecal sample collected from each pen to determine Ca digestibility using acid insoluble ash as the dietary marker, with 1 pig/pen euthanized on d 21 for collection of ileal and colon contents and the left humerus. Pigs fed the NC diet had a lower colonic pH compared with pigs fed the PC (P = 0.06) but no effect on total VFA was observed (P &gt; 0.10). Pigs fed diets containing SCF and rCS had lower colonic pH and total VFA compared to pigs fed the NC diet (P ≤ 0.05). Pigs fed diets containing pBRT had greater colonic total VFA compared to pigs fed the NC diet (P ≤ 0.07), but no difference in colonic pH was observed (P &gt; 0.10). Pigs fed the NC diet had a greater Ca digestibility compared to pigs fed the PC (P ≤ 0.01), with no treatment to the NC having any effect on Ca digestibility compared to pigs fed the NC (P &gt; 0.10). There was no effect of dietary Ca level on BMD and no overall addition of feeding SCF, rCS, or pBRT on BMD compared to pigs fed the NC (P &gt; 0.10). There was no impact on pig ADG, ADFI, or GF by reducing dietary Ca by 40% (i.e., pigs fed the NC) compared to pigs fed the PC (P &gt; 0.10). Relative to pigs fed the NC, there was no overall effect of SCF, rCS, or pBRT on ADG, ADFI, or GF (P &gt; 0.10). In conclusion, feeding young pigs a Ca-deficient diet reduced colonic pH, increased digestibility of Ca, but had no impact on bone mineralization or overall pig performance. Supplementation of nondigestible oligosaccharides pr protected butyrate had either no effect or an inconsistent effect on colonic pH, Ca, or PHOS digestibility, bone mineralization, or overall pig performance.
Effect of physically effective neutral detergent fiber and undigested neutral detergent fiber on eating behavior, ruminal fermentation and motility, barrier function, blood metabolites, and total tract digestibility in finishing cattle
Authors: Pereira Murillo Ceola Stefano , Beauchemin Karen A , McAllister Tim A , Yang Wenzhu Z , Wood Katharine M , Penner Gregory Brent 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of physically effective neutral detergent fiber (peNDF) and undigested neutral detergent fiber (uNDF) on eating behavior, ruminal fermentation and motility, barrier function, blood metabolites, and total tract nutrient digestibility for finishing cattle. Six Simmental heifers (668 ± 28.4 kg BW) were used in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square (21 d periods) balanced for carry-over effects. Treatments included a control (CON; Table 1) with no forage peNDF and minimal uNDF (peNDF: 0.0%, and uNDF: 4.88 ± 0.01; 95.15% barley grain, 4.51% vitamin and mineral supplement, and 0.34% urea on a DM basis). Pelleted wheat straw (PELL) was included at 10% of dietary DM by replacing barley grain to provide added uNDF but no forage peNDF (peNDF: 0.00%, and uNDF: 6.78 ± 0.02%). Finally, chopped wheat straw (STR) was included as a replacement for pelleted wheat straw to provide forage peNDF and uNDF (peNDF: 1.74 ± 0.06%, and uNDF: 6.86 ± 0.03%). Dry matter intake was not affected (P = 0.93) by treatments. Cattle fed CON spent less time ruminating (P = 0.010) and had less meals/d (P = 0.035) when compared with cattle fed STR, with those fed PELL being intermediate but not different from other treatments. Cattle fed CON had lesser ruminal pH (P = 0.020), and a greater duration that pH was &lt; 5.5 (P = 0.020) as compared to cattle fed STR, with those fed PELL being intermediate but not different. Cattle fed CON and PELL had greater total short-chain fatty acid concentration (P = 0.003) and molar proportion of propionate (P &lt; 0.001) when compared with cattle fed STR. Cattle fed STR had greater (P = 0.010) total ruminal pool size when compared with cattle fed CON and PELL. Cattle fed CON had greater (P = 0.043) duration between ruminal contractions when compared with cattle fed STR, with those fed PELL being intermediate. Cattle fed CON had greater serum amyloid A (P = 0.003) and haptoglobin (P &lt; 0.001) concentration when compared with the other treatments. Cattle fed CON had greater dry matter (P &lt; 0.001) digestibility when compared with the other treatments. In conclusion, inclusion of PELL and STR impacted eating behavior, but only STR affected ruminal fermentation, ruminal motility, systemic inflammation, and total tract nutrient digestibility in finishing cattle. These results are interpreted to suggest that the combination of peNDF and uNDF may be better than uNDF alone to adequately capture biological effects of NDF in high-concentrate diets.
Platforms and Global Governance: Globalization on Steroids
Authors: Trachtman Joel P 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT
Platforms constitute a novel context for social interaction. Physical distance makes little to no difference to interaction, and so the frequency and intensity of cross-territorial border interaction grow dramatically. This growth in interaction will be globalization on steroids. Platforms increase both collision among national rules (jurisdictional collision) and collision at the international level among functional rules (fragmentation). Revised normative and organizational tools will be needed to manage the increased globalization and fragmentation resulting from the rise of platform commerce. These tools may include modifications and extensions of existing rules of trade law, but they will embrace other areas of regulation in a much more nuanced manner than has been necessary until now. The existing fragmentation or ‘siloed’ nature of our international trade and regulatory systems will need to be modified—lateralized—to allow a more coherent approach.
International Taxation, Globalization, and the Economic Digital Divide
Authors: Avi-Yonah Reuven 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT
The past decade has witnessed the creation of a new international tax regime. The original international tax regime was created a century ago by the League of Nations. Until the 1980s, it functioned reasonably well and prevented most instances of double taxation and double non-taxation by allocating cross-border income between home and host jurisdictions based on a compromise reached in 1923. However, since the advent of globalization in the 1980s and digitalization in the 1990s, the original international tax regime ceased to function as intended. The main problems were the increased mobility of capital related to increased intangibility and digitalization, together with a relaxation of capital controls and increased tax competition. These developments posed a problem for countries that wished to leave their borders open to reap the benefits of globalization and to engage in tax competition to attract investment. The outcome was a significant fall in tax revenues that threatened the social safety net of the modern welfare state. The trilemma of open borders, tax competition, and satisfying voters’ demand for social insurance culminated in the financial crisis of 2008–09, where many countries were forced to implement austerity measures at the same time that parliamentary hearings, leaks, and media reports revealed that rich individuals and large corporations were paying very little tax on cross-border income. The results over the past decade have been the creation of a new international tax regime designed to curb both tax evasion by the rich and tax competition among countries seeking to attract business activity within their borders by granting various preferential tax provisions to multinational enterprises. The key question going forward is how the new international tax regime will deal with international (in)equity, i.e. the economic digital divide. In what follows, I will first discuss the decline of the original international tax regime from 1980 to 2009, then the creation of the new international tax regime from 2010 on, and finally the implications of the new international tax regime for the economic digital divide.
Advances in fluorescence microscopy for orthohantavirus research
Authors: Menke Laura , Sperber Hannah S , Aji Amit Koikkarah , Chiantia Salvatore , Schwarzer Roland , Sieben Christian 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Orthohantaviruses are important zoonotic pathogens responsible for a considerable disease burden globally. Partly due to our incomplete understanding of orthohantavirus replication, there is currently no effective antiviral treatment available. Recently, novel microscopy techniques and cutting-edge, automated image analysis algorithms have emerged, enabling to study cellular, subcellular and even molecular processes in unprecedented detail and depth. To date, fluorescence light microscopy allows us to visualize viral and cellular components and macromolecular complexes in live cells, which in turn enables the study of specific steps of the viral replication cycle such as particle entry or protein trafficking at high temporal and spatial resolution. In this review, we highlight how fluorescence microscopy has provided new insights and improved our understanding of orthohantavirus biology. We discuss technical challenges such as studying live infected cells, give alternatives with recombinant protein expression and highlight future opportunities, for example, the application of super-resolution microscopy techniques, which has shown great potential in studies of different cellular processes and viral pathogens.
Development of temporal series 4D-STEM and application to relaxation time measurement
Authors: Nakazawa Katsuaki , Mitsuishi Kazutaka 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Diffraction patterns contain useful information about the materials. Recent developments in four-dimensional scanning transmission electron microscopy and the acquisition of the spatial distribution of diffraction patterns have produced significant results. The acquisition of a temporal series of diffractions is achieved for a stationary beam. However, the acquisition of spatiotemporal distribution of diffraction patterns has only been established under limited conditions. In this study, we developed a simple method that enables the recording of the spatiotemporal distribution of diffraction patterns and applied it to the relaxation time measurement that is robust to sample drift.
Advancing rapid cycle research in cancer care delivery: a National Cancer Institute workshop report
Authors: Norton Wynne E , Kennedy Amy E , Mittman Brian S , Parry Gareth , Srinivasan Shobha , Tonorezos Emily , Vanderpool Robin C , Jacobsen Paul B 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Generating actionable research findings quickly and efficiently is critical for improving the delivery of cancer-related care and outcomes. To address this issue, the National Cancer Institute convened subject matter experts, researchers, clinicians, and patients for a 2-day virtual meeting in February 2022. The purpose of this meeting was to identify how rapid cycle interventional research methods can be used to generate findings useful in improving routine clinical practice. The meeting yielded an initial conceptualization of rapid cycle interventional research as being comprised of 6 key elements: use of iterative study designs; reliance on proximal primary outcomes; early and continued engagement with community and clinical partners; use of existing data sources to measure primary outcomes; facilitative features of the study setting and context; and consideration of appropriate rigor relative to intended use of findings. The meeting also identified the types of study designs that can be leveraged to conduct rapid cycle interventional research and provided examples of these; considered this approach from the perspective of key partners; described the clinical and data infrastructure, research resources, and key collaborations needed to support this work; identified research topics best addressed using this approach; and considered needed methodological advances. The National Cancer Institute is committed to exploring opportunities to encourage further development and application of this research approach as a means for better promoting improvements in the delivery of cancer-related care.
The development and validation of a measure of moral intuition salience for children and adolescents: The Moral Intuitions and Development Scale
Authors: Cingel Drew P , Krcmar Marina , Marple Catherine , Snyder Allyson L 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn this article, we create and validate a measure of moral intuition salience developmentally appropriate for use among children and adolescents. This measure allows researchers to apply moral foundations theory and the model of intuitive morality and exemplars to child and adolescent moral development and media use, an important addition to the literature, as to date, this theory and its measurement have generally only been used among college-aged and adult participants. Following five pilot tests (total N = 713) that demonstrated face, concurrent, and predictive validity of our measure among young adults, we present validation data from 8- to 17-year-olds (N = 577), demonstrating the developmental nature of these moral intuitions and linking them with media use. This measure can be used to understand how children’s moral intuition salience relates to their media and content choices, as well as how media relates to the moral intuitions most salient to the child.
Weighing the Baghdādī Raṭl: A Metrological Muddle
Authors: Varisco Daniel Martin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This study addresses a metrological muddle: attempts to determine the metrical equivalence of the Baghdādī raṭl, a measure for coins, commerce, and religious requirements during the Abbasid and Mamluk eras. Western writers Sauvaire and Hinz interpreted the measure of the widespread Baghdādī raṭl by determining a metric equivalent around three grams for the building block of the silver dirham weight. Islamic scholars, however, proposed three different dirham amounts for this raṭl and noted that there were two different ways of determining the standard ratio of the dirham to the dinar. These scholars applied the Baghdādī raṭl of their day to determine the weights of two earlier measures, the ṣāʿ and the mudd from the time of the Prophet Muḥammad. The study of Islamic era metrology has received little critical attention, apart from the field of numismatics, since the work of Walther Hinz, last updated in 1970. I provide a prolegomenon for the need to reread both earlier Muslim authors and the seminal works of Don Vasquez Queipo, Henri Sauvaire and others. Suggestions for approaching the interpretation of Islamic era weights and measures are provided.
Impact of land use and land cover on urban ecosystem service value in Chandigarh, India: a GIS-based analysis
Authors: Sharma Sheenu , Hussain Sabir , Singh Anand Narain 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Assessing the effects of land use and land cover (LULC) on ecosystem service values (ESVs) is critical for public understanding and policymaking. This study evaluated the impacts of LULC dynamics on ESVs in Chandigarh city of India. The assessment of LULC changes was performed by analyzing the satellite imagery of the study area for the years 1990 and 2020 with different band combinations in ArcGIS (10.8 version software). In addition, we analyzed ecosystem services changes which were based on the LULC classes of the study area. Five LULC classes were identified in the present study area (Water bodies, forest and vegetation, built-up, agriculture and shrubland and open spaces). The results demonstrated (from 1990 to 2020) that the forest cover and agricultural areas decreased by 4.19% and 37.01%, respectively, whereas the built-up area substantially increased by 104.61%. Overall, ESV decreased by 2.54% from 1990 to 2020 due to rapid urbanization. The combination of LULC and ecosystem services valuation can increase our understanding of different issues of an urban ecosystem. Hence, we recommend the integration of LULC and ecosystem services valuation as a tool that could provide information to policymakers, urban planners and land managers for sustainable use in future.