bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A fast method of reionization parameter space exploration using GPR trained SCRIPT
Authors: Maity Barun , Paranjape Aseem , Choudhury Tirthankar Roy 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
Efficient exploration of parameter spaces is crucial to extract physical information about the Epoch of Reionization from various observational probes. To this end, we propose a fast technique based on Gaussian process regression training applied to a semi-numerical photon-conserving reionization model, SCRIPT. Our approach takes advantage of the numerical convergence properties of SCRIPT and constructs a training set based on low-cost, coarse-resolution simulations. A likelihood emulator is then trained using this set to produce results in approximately two orders of magnitude less computational time than a full Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) run, while still generating reasonable 68 per cent and 95 per cent confidence contours. Furthermore, we conduct a forecasting study using simulated data to demonstrate the applicability of this technique. This method is particularly useful when full MCMC analysis is not feasible due to expensive likelihood computations.
Diversification of Ubiquinone Biosynthesis via Gene Duplications, Transfers, Losses, and Parallel Evolution
Authors: Kazemzadeh Katayoun , Pelosi Ludovic , Chenal Clothilde , Chobert Sophie-Carole , Hajj Chehade Mahmoud , Jullien Margaux , Flandrin Laura , Schmitt William , He Qiqi , Bouvet Emma , Jarzynka Manon , Varoquaux Nelle , Junier Ivan , Pierrel Fabien , Abby Sophie S 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The availability of an ever-increasing diversity of prokaryotic genomes and metagenomes represents a major opportunity to understand and decipher the mechanisms behind the functional diversification of microbial biosynthetic pathways. However, it remains unclear to what extent a pathway producing a specific molecule from a specific precursor can diversify. In this study, we focus on the biosynthesis of ubiquinone (UQ), a crucial coenzyme that is central to the bioenergetics and to the functioning of a wide variety of enzymes in Eukarya and Pseudomonadota (a subgroup of the formerly named Proteobacteria). UQ biosynthesis involves three hydroxylation reactions on contiguous carbon atoms. We and others have previously shown that these reactions are catalyzed by different sets of UQ-hydroxylases that belong either to the iron-dependent Coq7 family or to the more widespread flavin monooxygenase (FMO) family. Here, we combine an experimental approach with comparative genomics and phylogenetics to reveal how UQ-hydroxylases evolved different selectivities within the constrained framework of the UQ pathway. It is shown that the UQ-FMOs diversified via at least three duplication events associated with two cases of neofunctionalization and one case of subfunctionalization, leading to six subfamilies with distinct hydroxylation selectivity. We also demonstrate multiple transfers of the UbiM enzyme and the convergent evolution of UQ-FMOs toward the same function, which resulted in two independent losses of the Coq7 ancestral enzyme. Diversification of this crucial biosynthetic pathway has therefore occurred via a combination of parallel evolution, gene duplications, transfers, and losses.
Gazella leptoceros(Artiodactyla: Bovidae)
Authors: Huffman Brent A , Leslie David M 
Published: September 2023

AbstractGazella leptoceros (F. Cuvier, 1842) is a monotypic African gazelle, most commonly called the slender-horned gazelle. It is one of 21 species in the genus Gazella and is distinguished by its pale sandy coloration, fawn-colored markings, and namesake long, slender horns. Gazella leptoceros is a dune specialist that inhabits the hyperarid northern Sahara Desert between Algeria and Egypt. It feeds on shrubs and low desert plants and ranges over large distances in small groups of 1–5 animals. Because of its very small, isolated populations, G. leptoceros is classified as “Endangered” (EN) on the International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List of Threatened Species and is on Appendix I of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora.
Peptides from conserved tandem direct repeats of SHORT-LEAF regulate gametophore development in moss P. patens
Authors: Palit Shirsa , Bhide Amey J , Mohanasundaram Boominathan , Pala Madhusmita , Banerjee Anjan K 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Tandem direct repeat (TDR)-containing proteins, present across all domains of life, play crucial roles in plant development and defense mechanisms. Previously, we identified that disruption of a bryophyte-specific protein family, SHORT-LEAF (SHLF), possessing the longest reported TDRs, is the cause of the shlf mutant phenotype in Physcomitrium patens. shlf exhibits reduced apical dominance, altered auxin distribution, and 2-fold shorter leaves. However, the molecular role of SHLF was unclear due to the absence of known conserved domains. Through a series of protein domain deletion analyses, here, we demonstrate the importance of the signal peptide and the conserved TDRs and report a minimal functional protein (miniSHLF) containing the N-terminal signal peptide and first two TDRs (N-TDR1–2). We also demonstrate that SHLF behaves as a secretory protein and that the TDRs contribute to a pool of secreted peptides essential for SHLF function. Further, we identified that the mutant secretome lacks SHLF peptides, which are abundant in WT and miniSHLF secretomes. Interestingly, shlf mutants supplemented with the secretome or peptidome from WT or miniSHLF showed complete or partial phenotypic recovery. Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses revealed that shlf displays an elevated stress response, including high ROS activity and differential accumulation of genes and metabolites involved in the phenylpropanoid pathway, which may affect auxin distribution. The TDR-specific synthetic peptide SHLFpep3 (INIINAPLQGFKIA) also rescued the mutant phenotypes, including the altered auxin distribution, in a dosage-dependent manner and restored the mutant's stress levels. Our study shows that secretory SHLF peptides derived from conserved TDRs regulate moss gametophore development.
Global burden and inequality of maternal and neonatal disorders: based on data from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease study
Authors: Peng R , Tong Y , Yang M , Wang J , Yang L , Zhu J , Liu Yu , Wang H , Shi Z , Liu Ya 
Published: September 2023

Summary

Background
Maternal and neonatal disorders account for substantial health loss across the lifespan from early childhood. These problems may be related to health inequality.

Aim
To provide evidence for improvement in health policies regarding maternal and neonatal disorder inequity.

Design
This was a population-based cross-sectional study based on 2019 Global Burden of Disease data.

Methods
Annual cases and age-standardized rates (ASRs) of incidence, prevalence, death, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) in maternal and neonatal disorders between 1990 and 2019 were collected from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease study. Concentration curves and concentration indices were used to summarize the degree of socioeconomic-related inequality.

Results
For maternal disorders, the global ASRs of incidence, prevalence, death and DALYs were 2889.4 (95% uncertainty interval (UI), 2562.9–3251.9), 502.9 (95% UI 418.7–598.0), 5.0 (95% UI 4.4–5.8) and 324.9 (95% UI 284.0–369.1) per 100 000 women in 2019, respectively. The ASRs of maternal disorders were all obviously reduced and remained pro-poor from 1990 to 2019. In neonatal disorders, the global ASRs of incidence, prevalence, death and DALYs were 363.3 (95% UI 334.6–396.8), 1239.8 (95% UI 1142.1–1356.7), 29.1 (95% UI 24.8–34.5) and 2828.3 (95% UI 2441.6–3329.6) per 100 000 people in 2019, respectively. The global ASRs of incidence, death and DALYs in neonatal disorders have remained pro-poor. However, the socioeconomic-related fairness in the ASR of neonatal disorder prevalence is being levelled.

Conclusions
The global burden of maternal and neonatal disorders has remained high, and socioeconomic-related inequality (pro-poor) tended not to change between 1990 and 2019.
Why momentum concentrates among overvalued stocks?
Authors: Favilukis Jack , Zhang Terry 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We uncover a link between momentum and overvaluation: assets that generate strong momentum profits have lower risk-adjusted unconditional returns; conversely, trading momentum within overvalued assets doubles the profit of the standard momentum strategy. We compute the profits of a momentum strategy within various portfolios; portfolios within which momentum is profitable are defined as momentum trading opportunity (MTO). High-MTO assets have negative unconditional alphas and concentrate in the short legs of most anomalies; controlling for MTO reduces anomaly alphas by up to half. These results imply that the existence of other anomalies is closely linked to the existence of momentum and they should be studied jointly.
Impact of type D personality and depressive symptoms on premature ejaculation in young adult males
Authors: Liao Wei-Chuang , Cheng Wei-Ming , Fan Yu-Hua , Liou Ying-Jay 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
Premature ejaculation (PE) is one of the most common male sexual dysfunctions with prominent psychological consequences. Type D personality (TDP) is also associated with multiple psychological disorders, such as depression and anxiety. However, the correlation between PE and TDP remains unknown.

Aim
The study sought to investigate the relationships between depressive symptoms, TDP, and PE.

Methods
Adult males in Taiwan who were 20 to 40 years of age and who had sexual intercourse in the past 6 months were recruited to complete online questionnaires composed of general demographics, the Premature Ejaculation Diagnostic Tool (PEDT), 5-item International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5), Type D Scale-14, and Depression and Somatic Symptom Scale (DSSS). Chi-square test and independent Student’s t test were used to compare the parameters between the TDP and non-TDP groups. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to evaluate factors related to PE.

Outcomes
Outcomes were the prevalence of PE and TDP in young Taiwanese men, the associations between depressive symptoms and PE and TDP, and the predictive factors of PE.

Results
In total, 2558 men with a mean age of 31.3 ± 5.3 years were included in the present study. Among them, 315 (12.3%) and 767 (30.1%) participants were classified as having PE and moderate-to-severe erectile dysfunction (ED), respectively. In total, 1249 (48.8%) participants met the criteria for TDP. The PEDT, IIEF-5, and DSSS, including the total scores and depression and somatic subscales, were significantly higher in men with TDP (all P &lt; .001). PE prevalence was significantly greater in men with TDP than in those without TDP (16.2% vs 8.6%; P &lt; .001). Most parameters, including age, moderate-to-severe ED, the Type D Scale-14 subscales, and the DSSS somatic and depressive subscales, were significantly associated with PE in the univariate analysis. Only the depressive subscale of the DSSS and moderate-to-severe ED (IIEF-5 ≤16) were the independent predictors of PE in the multivariate analysis.

Clinical Implications
The results suggest that it is important to consider the psychological effects of PE in young men, and the study has provided a biopsychosocial aspect to manage patients with PE.

Strengths and Limitations
This is the first study to evaluate the association between PE, TDP, and depression in a large population of young adult males. However, the cross-sectional design may have limited the investigation of causality, and selection bias may be present.

Conclusion
Men with TDP tended to have higher PEDT scores and a prevalence of PE and ED. Moderate-to-severe ED and depressive symptoms are the independent predictive factors of PE.
Effects of sleep-corrected social jetlag on measures of mental health, cognitive ability, and brain functional connectivity in early adolescence
Authors: Yang Fan Nils , Picchioni Dante , Duyn Jeff H 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Approximately half of adolescents encounter a mismatch between their sleep patterns on school days and free days, also referred to as “social jetlag.” This condition has been linked to various adverse outcomes, such as poor sleep, cognitive deficits, and mental disorders. However, prior research was unsuccessful in accounting for other variables that are correlated with social jetlag, including sleep duration and quality. To address this limitation, we applied a propensity score matching method on a sample of 6335 11–12-year-olds from the 2-year follow-up (FL2) data of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study. We identified 2424 pairs of participants with high sleep-corrected social jetlag (SJLsc, over 1 hour) and low SJLsc (&lt;= 1 hour) at FL2 (1728 pairs have neuroimaging data), as well as 1626 pairs at 3-year follow-up (FL3), after matching based on 11 covariates including socioeconomic status, demographics, and sleep duration and quality. Our results showed that high SJLsc, as measured by the Munich Chronotype Questionnaire, was linked to reduced crystallized intelligence (CI), lower school performance—grades, and decreased functional connectivity between cortical networks and subcortical regions, specifically between cingulo-opercular network and right hippocampus. Further mediation and longitudinal mediation analyses revealed that this connection mediated the associations between SJLsc and CI at FL2, and between SJLsc and grades at both FL2 and FL3. We validated these findings by replicating these results using objective SJLsc measurements obtained via Fitbit watches. Overall, our study highlights the negative association between social jetlag and CI during early adolescence.
Reproductive toxicity following in utero and lactational exposure to a human-relevant phthalate mixture in rats
Authors: Curi Tatiana Zauer , Passoni Marcella Tapias , Lima Tolouei Sara Emilia , de Araújo Ramos Anderson Tadeu , França de Almeira Samara Christina , Scinskas Anna Beatriz Abreu Ferraz , Romano Renata Marino , de Oliveira Jeane Maria , Spercoski Katherinne Maria , Carvalho dos Santos Ariany , Dalsenter Paulo Roberto , Koch Holger Martin , Martino-Andrade Anderson Joel 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This rodent (Wistar rats) study examined reproductive effects of in utero/lactational exposure to a mixture of 6 antiandrogenic phthalates (PMix): diisobutyl phthalate, di-n-butyl phthalate, diisopentyl phthalate, butylbenzyl phthalate, di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate, and diisononyl phthalate. The PMix was defined based on exposure data from pregnant women in Brazil. Experimental groups were established by extrapolating the estimated human dose to rats (0.1 mg/kg/day), followed by up to 3 additional doses corresponding to 5, 1000, and 5000 times the starting rat dose: 0 (control), 0.1, 0.5, 100, and 500 mg/kg/day. The fetal experiment assessed gestational exposure effects on fetal gonads, whereas the postnatal experiment evaluated reproductive parameters in males and females after in utero and lactational exposure. Prenatal exposure decreased fetal testicular testosterone production at 0.5 and 500 mg/kg/day. PMix 500 also reduced mRNA expression of steroidogenesis-related genes, upregulated transcript expression of the retinoic acid-degrading enzyme Cyp26b1, and increased multinucleated gonocytes incidence in fetal testes. Postnatal assessment revealed antiandrogenic effects at the highest dose, including reduced anogenital distance, nipple retention, and decreased weight of reproductive organs. Early puberty onset (preputial separation) was observed at the lowest dose in males. In contrast, females did not show significant changes in fetal and adult endpoints. Overall, the PMix recapitulated early and late male rat phthalate syndrome phenotypes at the highest dose, but also induced some subtle changes at lower doses, which warrant confirmation and mechanistic assessments. Our data support the use of epidemiologically defined mixtures for exposure risk assessments over traditional toxicological approaches.
Muscle‐specific overexpression of Atg2 gene and endurance exercise delay age‐related deteriorations of skeletal muscle and heart function via activating the AMPK/Sirt1/PGC‐1α pathway in male Drosophila
Authors: Wang Jing‐feng , Wen Deng‐tai , Wang Shi‐jie , Gao Ying‐hui , Yin Xin‐yuan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAtg2 is a key gene in autophagy formation and plays an important role in regulating aging progress. Exercise is an important tool to resist oxidative stress in cells and delay muscle aging. However, the relationship between exercise and the muscle Atg2 gene in regulating skeletal muscle aging remains unclear. Here, overexpression or knockdown of muscle Atg2 gene was achieved by constructing the AtgUAS/MhcGal4 system in Drosophila, and these flies were also subjected to an exercise intervention for 2 weeks. The results showed that both overexpression of Atg2 and exercise significantly increased the climbing speed, climbing endurance, cardiac function, and lifespan of aging flies. They also significantly up‐regulated the expression of muscle Atg2, AMPK, Sirt1, and PGC‐1α genes, and they significantly reduced muscle malondialdehyde and triglyceride. These positive benefits were even more pronounced when the two were combined. However, the effects of Atg2 knockdown on skeletal muscle, heart, and lifespan were reversed compared to its overexpression. Importantly, exercise ameliorated age‐related changes induced by Atg2 knockdown. Therefore, current results confirmed that both overexpression of muscle Atg2 and exercise delayed age‐related deteriorations of skeletal muscle, the heart function, and lifespan, and exercise could also reverse age‐related changes induced by Atg2 knockdown. The molecular mechanism is related to the overexpression of the Atg2 gene and exercise, which increase the activity of the AMPK/Sirt1/PGC‐1α pathway, oxidation and antioxidant balance, and lipid metabolism in aging muscle.
Folic acid supplementation in a mouse model of diabetes in pregnancy alters insulin sensitivity in female mice and beta cell mass in offspring
Authors: Mussai Ei‐Xia , Lofft Zoe A. , Vanderkruk Ben , Boonpattrawong Nicha , Miller Joshua W. , Smith Andre , Bottiglieri Teodoro , Devlin Angela M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractEpidemiological studies have reported discrepant findings on the relationship between folic acid intake during pregnancy and risk for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). To begin to understand how folic acid impacts metabolic health during pregnancy, we determined the effects of excess folic acid supplementation (5× recommendation) on maternal and fetal offspring metabolic health. Using a mouse (female C57BL/6J) model of diet‐induced diabetes in pregnancy (western diet) and control mice, we show that folic acid supplementation improved insulin sensitivity in the female mice fed the western diet and worsened insulin sensitivity in control mice. We found no unmetabolized folic acid in liver from supplemented mice suggesting the metabolic effects of folic acid supplementation are not due to unmetabolized folic acid. Male fetal (gestational day 18.5) offspring from folic acid supplemented dams (western and control) had greater beta cell mass and density than those from unsupplemented dams; this was not observed in female offspring. Differential sex‐specific hepatic gene expression profiles were observed in the fetal offspring from supplemented dams but this differed between western and controls. Our findings suggest that folic acid supplementation affects insulin sensitivity in female mice, but is dependent on their metabolic phenotype and has sex‐specific effects on offspring pancreas and liver.
GPER Acts Through the cAMP/Epac/JNK/AP-1 Pathway to Induce Transcription of Alpha 2C Adrenoceptor in Human Microvascular Smooth Muscle Cells
Authors: Fardoun Manal , Nasser Suzanne A. , El-Yazbi Ahmed F. , Eid Ali H. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract:
Raynaud's phenomenon, which results from exaggerated cold-induced vasoconstriction, is more prevalent in females than males. We previously showed that estrogen increases the expression of alpha 2C-adrenoceptors (α2C-AR), the sole mediator of cold-induced vasoconstriction. This effect of estrogen is reproduced by the cell-impermeable form of the hormone (E2:bovine serum albumin [BSA]), suggesting a role of the membrane estrogen receptor, G-protein-coupled estrogen receptor [GPER], in E2-induced α2C-AR expression. We also previously reported that E2 upregulates α2C-AR in microvascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) via the cAMP/Epac/Rap/JNK/AP-1 pathway, and that E2:BSA elevates cAMP levels. We, therefore, hypothesized that E2 uses GPER to upregulate α2C-AR through the cAMP/Epac/JNK/AP-1 pathway. Our results show that G15, a selective GPER antagonist, attenuates the E2-induced increase in α2C-AR transcription. G-1, a selective GPER agonist, induced α2C-AR transcription, which was concomitant with elevated cAMP levels and JNK activation. Pretreatment with ESI09, an Epac inhibitor, abolished G-1-induced α2C-AR upregulation and JNK activation. Moreover, pretreatment with SP600125, a JNK-specific inhibitor, but not H89, a PKA-specific inhibitor, abolished G-1-induced α2C-AR upregulation. In addition, transient transfection of an Epac dominant negative mutant (Epac-DN) attenuated G-1-induced activation of the α2C-AR promoter. This inhibitory effect of Epac-DN on the α2C-AR promoter was overridden by the cotransfection of constitutively active JNK mutant. Furthermore, mutation of AP-1 site in the α2C-AR promoter abrogated G1-induced expression. Collectively, these results indicate that GPER upregulates α2C-AR through the cAMP/EPAC/JNK/AP-1 pathway. These findings unravel GPER as a new mediator of cold-induced vasoconstriction, and present it as a potential target for treating Raynaud's phenomenon in estrogen-replete females.
Reverse Abdominoplasty in a Patient Presenting with Subcostal Nephrectomy Scar and Transverse Muscle Incisional Hernia
Authors: Alves André S. , Martineau Jérôme , Dupuis Arnaud , Zuo Katie , Kalbermatten Daniel F. , Oranges Carlo M. 
Published: September 2023

Summary:
Abdominoplasty and its different approaches have been widely described to improve abdominal wall contour. However, the role of reverse abdominoplasty, a less commonly performed technique, and its indications are not fully understood. Recent advances in the understanding of the vascular supply to the anterior abdominal wall have made this technique more popular, but there is still limited information available in the literature. In this report, we present the case of a 52-year-old woman who underwent a reverse abdominoplasty using an existing subcostal scar from a previous nephrectomy. No surgical complications were observed, and the patient achieved both aesthetic and functional improvement after 6 months of follow-up. Reverse abdominoplasty can be a reliable option for maintaining adequate blood supply and achieving a satisfactory cosmetic result in cases where there is a pre-existing subcostal scar.