bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The connection between diverticulosis and colonic superficial neoplastic lesions in patients who underwent screening colonoscopy
Authors: Valvano M. , Vezzaro V. , Fabiani S. , Capannolo A. , Sgamma E. , Cesaro N. , Valerii G. , Longo S. , Barbera C. , Lombardi L. , Viscido A. , Necozione S. , Latella G. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose
If could be a potential pathophysiological connection between colonic diverticula and colonic superficial neoplastic lesions, beyond the shared risk factors, has been a subject of debate in the last years. This study tries to evaluate the association between diverticulosis and colonic neoplastic lesions.

Methods
This is a cross-sectional study including asymptomatic patients who underwent a screening colonoscopy (patients with a positive fecal occult blood test under the regional program of colorectal cancer (CRC) screening), surveillance after polypectomy resection, or familiarity (first-degree relatives) between 2020 and 2021 to evaluate the association between diverticula and colonic polyps. A multivariate analysis with multiple logistic regression and odds ratio (OR) to study the independent association between adenomas and adenocarcinomas was performed.

Results
One thousand five hundred one patients were included. A statistically significant association between adenomas or CRC alone and colonic diverticula was found (p = 0.045). On a multivariate analysis of demographic (age, gender) and clinical parameters (familiarity for diverticula and adenoma/CRC), only age was significantly associated with the development of colorectal adenomas or cancer (OR 1.05, 95% CI 1.03–1.07, p < 0.0001).

Conclusions
This study showed a statistically significant association between diverticula and colonic adenomas. However, it is impossible to establish a cause-effect relationship due to the intrinsic characteristics of this study design. A study with a prospective design including both patients with diverticulosis and without colonic diverticula aimed at establishing the incidence of adenoma and CRC could help to answer this relevant clinical question, since a potential association could indicate the need for closer endoscopic surveillance.
Double bookkeeping in schizophrenia spectrum disorder: an empirical-phenomenological study
Authors: Stephensen Helene , Urfer-Parnas Annick , Parnas Josef 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDouble bookkeeping is a term introduced by Eugen Bleuler to describe a fundamental feature of schizophrenia where psychotic reality can exist side by side with shared reality even when these realities seem mutually exclusive. Despite increasing theoretical interest in this phenomenon over the recent years, there are no empirical studies addressing this issue. We have, therefore, conducted a phenomenologically descriptive qualitative study of 25 patients with schizophrenia in which we addressed the following issues: (1) Experience of double reality; (2) Emergence and development of two realities; (3) Truth quality of psychotic or private reality; (4) Insight into illness; (5) Communication of psychotic experiences. The most important result was that most patients felt to be in contact with another dimension of reality. Hallucinatory and delusional experience pertained to this different reality, which patients most frequently kept separated from the shared reality. This other dimension was considered by the patients as being more profound and real. The pre-psychotic and psychotic experiences were difficult to verbalize and typically described as totally different than ordinary experience. Double reality was persistent across remissions. None of the patients considered their condition as an illness analogous to a somatic disorder. Most patients described a vague sense of duality preceding the crystallization of double bookkeeping. This emergence of doubleness was associated with a fundamental alienation from oneself, the world, and others stretching back to childhood or early adolescence. We discuss the results with a special emphasis on the concept of psychosis, clinical interview, treatment, and pathogenetic research.
The potential value of disease-modifying therapy in patients with spinocerebellar ataxia type 1: an early health economic modeling study
Authors: van Prooije Teije , Ruigrok Sanne , van den Berkmortel Niels , Maas Roderick P. P. W. M. , Wijn Stan , van Roon-Mom Willeke M. C. , van de Warrenburg Bart , Grutters Janneke P. C. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectiveThere currently is no disease-modifying therapy for spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1). Genetic interventions, such as RNA-based therapies, are being developed but those currently available are very expensive. Early evaluation of costs and benefits is, therefore, crucial. By developing a health economic model, we aimed to provide first insights into the potential cost-effectiveness of RNA-based therapies for SCA1 in the Netherlands.MethodsWe simulated disease progression of individuals with SCA1 using a patient-level state-transition model. Five hypothetical treatment strategies with different start and endpoints and level of effectiveness (5–50% reduction in disease progression) were evaluated. Consequences of each strategy were measured in terms of quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), survival, healthcare costs, and maximum costs to be cost effective.ResultsMost QALYs (6.68) are gained when therapy starts during the pre-ataxic stage and continues during the entire disease course. Incremental costs are lowest (− €14,048) if therapy is stopped when the severe ataxia stage is reached. The maximum costs per year to be cost-effective are €19,630 in the “stop after moderate ataxia stage” strategy at 50% effectiveness.DiscussionOur model indicates that the maximum price for a hypothetical therapy to be cost-effective is considerably lower than currently available RNA-based therapies. Most value for money can be gained by slowing progression in the early and moderate stages of SCA1 and by stopping therapy upon entering the severe ataxia stage. To allow for such a strategy, it is crucial to identify individuals in early stages of disease, preferably just before symptom onset.
Hippocampal volumes and cognitive performance in children born extremely preterm with and without low-grade intraventricular haemorrhage
Authors: Fernández de Gamarra-Oca L. , Kvanta H. , Broström L. , Nosko D. , Eklöf E. , Ojeda N. , Zubiaurre-Elorza L. , Padilla N. , Ådén U. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractChildren born extremely preterm, especially those with intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH), are at increased risk of adverse cognitive outcomes during childhood. The present study aimed to explore the effects of IVH (grades I–II) on hippocampal volumes, and their correlates with cognitive performance. The sample consisted of 94 participants, including 54 children born extremely preterm (19 with IVH, grades I–II), and 40 children born at term. All participants underwent a magnetic resonance imaging study at the age of 10 (Mage = 10.20 years; SDage = 0.78), and 74 of them (45 extremely preterm and 29 full-term) carried out a cognitive assessment at 12 years old. Children born extremely preterm had lower scores in cognitive performance compared to their full-term peers. Significant positive partial correlations were observed between global bilateral hippocampus, left CA-field, and left subiculum volumes with processing speed in the full-term group, while no significant correlations were found in the extremely preterm group. Moderation analyses in the extremely preterm sample revealed that low-grade IVH moderated the relationship between right hippocampal volume and full-IQ (F(4,40) = 5.42,p = 0.001,R2 = 0.35). Having greater right hippocampal volume had a protective effect on full-IQ in those children born extremely preterm with low-grade IVH.
Aggressive progression to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors in advanced NSCLC patients: concomitant mutations, prognostic indicator and subsequent management
Authors: Wen Ruishan , Chen Ying , Long Jinyu , Huang Xiulian , Guo Yuxin , Lin Baoquan , Yu Zongyang 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
EGFR tyrosine kinase (TKIs) are recommend as the first-line treatment for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with EGFR mutation. However, some patients experience aggressive progression with a progression-free survival (PFS) less than 6 months on the first-line EGFR TKI therapy. Therefore, our study is to analyze the potential influencing factors including clinical features, biomarkers, concomitant mutations et al.

Methods
A total of 1073 NSCLC patients with EGFR mutation in a multi-center study from January 2019 to December 2021. The datum pathological and molecular characteristics were collected. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the predictive effect of Ki-67 on the first-line TKI. The curve of PFS was conducted by Kaplan–Meier method and tested by bilateral log-rank. Cox regression model was used to predict and evaluate PFS of different variables. Chi-square or Fisher analysis was used for correlation between groups.

Results
55 patients who show aggressive progression (PFS ≤ 6 months) on the first-line TKI therapy were analyzed in this study, while 71 with slow progression (PFS > 6 months). Concomitant mutations including AXIN2, P2CG and RAD51C mutations occurred only in the aggressively progressive group (P = 0.029). Correlation between Ki-67 index and the aggressive progression of the first-line TKI therapy was significant statistically different (P < 0.05). In the second-line therapy, the PFS of chemotherapy in combination with other treatments was better than single TKIs in the first ten months.

Conclusion
NSCLC harbored EGFR and concomitant mutations (such as AXIN2, PLCG2 and RAD51C), and/or Ki-67 high expression may indicate the aggressive progression to the first-line EGFR-TKI.
Neuroanatomy and functional morphology of peripheral receptor neurones with direct projections into the protocerebrum of the brains of the locust and a jewel beetle
Authors: Hinz Marcel , Schmitz Anke , Schmitz Helmut 
Published: April 2023

AbstractProjections from peripheral receptors directly into the protocerebrum of insects have only been little studied. Retrograde staining of nerves from the antennae, maxillary palps and legs has revealed some fibres that project into the central areas of the protocerebrum. In the case of the antennae and palps, it was not known which receptors were responsible for these projections. In the legs of locusts, multipolar neurons (MN) with characteristic terminal dendritic masses (TDM) have been described to project into a neuropil called “superior ventral inferior protocerebrum” (SVIP). However, such neurons have only been found in the abdominal infrared organs of the Australian fire beetle Merimna atrata, where they function as thermoreceptors. In several orthopterans, fibres from the antennae and palps also project into the SVIP. The present work suggests that the multipolar neuron from the infrared organ of Merimna also projects into the protocerebrum, possibly into a ventral region functionally analogous to the SVIP. No MNs but single scolopidia were found in the tips of the antennae and palps of locusts, apparently responsible for projections into the SVIP, where they probably function as receptors for haemolymph pressure.
Intraoperative active and passive breaks during minimally invasive surgery influence upper extremity physical strain and physical stress response—A controlled, randomized cross-over, laboratory trial
Authors: Luger Tessy , Bonsch Rosina , Seibt Robert , Krämer Bernhard , Rieger Monika A. , Steinhilber Benjamin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Objective
Investigate the effect of passive, active or no intra-operative work breaks on static, median and peak muscular activity, muscular fatigue, upper body postures, heart rate, and heart rate variability.

Background
Although laparoscopic surgery is preferred over open surgery for the benefit of the patient, it puts the surgeons at higher risk for developing musculoskeletal disorders especially due to the less dynamic and awkward working posture. The organizational intervention intraoperative work break is a workplace strategy that has previously demonstrated positive effects in small-scale intervention studies.

Methods
Twenty-one surgeons were exposed to three 90-min conditions: no breaks, 2.5-min passive (standing rest) or active (targeted stretching and mobilization exercises) breaks after 30-min work blocks. Muscular activity and fatigue of back, shoulder and forearm muscles were assessed by surface electromyography; upper body posture, i.e., spinal curvature, by inclination sensors; and heart rate and variability (HRV) by electrocardiography. Generalized estimating equations were used for statistical analyses. This study (NCT03715816) was conducted from March 2019 to October 2020.

Results
The HRV-metric SDNN tended to be higher, but not statistically significantly, in the intervention conditions compared to the control condition. No statistically significant effects of both interventions were detected for muscular activity, joint angles or heart rate.

Conclusion
Intraoperative work breaks, whether passive or active, may counteract shoulder muscular fatigue and increase heart rate variability. This tendency may play a role in a reduced risk for developing work-related musculoskeletal disorders and acute physical stress responses.
KeyLoop retractor for global gasless laparoscopy: evaluation of safety and feasibility in a porcine model
Authors: Zadey Siddhesh , Leraas Harold , Gupta Aryaman , Biswas Arushi , Hollier Pierce , Vissoci Joao Ricardo Nickenig , Mugaga Julius , Ssekitoleko Robert T. , Everitt Jeffrey I. , Loh Amos H. P. , Lee York Tien , Saterbak Ann , Mueller Jenna L. , Fitzgerald Tamara N. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Many surgeons in low- and middle-income countries have described performing surgery using gasless (lift) laparoscopy due to inaccessibility of carbon dioxide and reliable electricity, but the safety and feasibility of the technique has not been well documented. We describe preclinical testing of the in vivo safety and utility of KeyLoop, a laparoscopic retractor system to enable gasless laparoscopy.

Methods
Experienced laparoscopic surgeons completed a series of four laparoscopic tasks in a porcine model: laparoscopic exposure, small bowel resection, intracorporeal suturing with knot tying, and cholecystectomy. For each participating surgeon, the four tasks were completed in a practice animal using KeyLoop. Surgeons then completed these tasks using standard-of-care (SOC) gas laparoscopy and KeyLoop in block randomized order to minimize learning curve effect. Vital signs, task completion time, blood loss and surgical complications were compared between SOC and KeyLoop using paired nonparametric tests. Surgeons completed a survey on use of KeyLoop compared to gas laparoscopy. Abdominal wall tissue was evaluated for injury by a blinded pathologist.

Results
Five surgeons performed 60 tasks in 15 pigs. There were no significant differences in times to complete the tasks between KeyLoop and SOC. For all tasks, there was a learning curve with task completion times related to learning the porcine model. There were no significant differences in blood loss, vital signs or surgical complications between KeyLoop and SOC. Eleven surgeons from the United States and Singapore felt that KeyLoop could be used to safely perform several common surgical procedures. No abdominal wall tissue injury was observed for either KeyLoop or SOC.

Conclusions
Procedure times, blood loss, abdominal wall tissue injury and surgical complications were similar between KeyLoop and SOC gas laparoscopy for basic surgical procedures. This data supports KeyLoop as a useful tool to increase access to laparoscopy in low- and middle-income countries.
Combination of geostatistics and self-organizing maps for the spatial analysis of groundwater level variations in complex hydrogeological systems
Authors: Varouchakis Emmanouil A. , Solomatine Dimitri , Perez Gerald A. Corzo , Jomaa Seifeddine , Karatzas George P. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSuccessful modelling of the groundwater level variations in hydrogeological systems in complex formations considerably depends on spatial and temporal data availability and knowledge of the boundary conditions. Geostatistics plays an important role in model-related data analysis and preparation, but has specific limitations when the aquifer system is inhomogeneous. This study combines geostatistics with machine learning approaches to solve problems in complex aquifer systems. Herein, the emphasis is given to cases where the available dataset is large and randomly distributed in the different aquifer types of the hydrogeological system. Self-Organizing Maps can be applied to identify locally similar input data, to substitute the usually uncertain correlation length of the variogram model that estimates the correlated neighborhood, and then by means of Transgaussian Kriging to estimate the bias corrected spatial distribution of groundwater level. The proposed methodology was tested on a large dataset of groundwater level data in a complex hydrogeological area. The obtained results have shown a significant improvement compared to the ones obtained by classical geostatistical approaches.
Efficacy of regional cooling + oral dexamethasone for primary prevention of hand-foot syndrome associated with pegylated liposomal doxorubicin
Authors: Nara Katsuhiko , Taguchi Ayumi , Yamamoto Takehito , Tsuruga Tetsushi , Tojima Yuri , Miyamoto Yuichiro , Tanikawa Michihiro , Sone Kenbun , Mori Mayuyo , Takada Tappei , Suzuki Hiroshi , Osuga Yutaka 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Purpose

Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD)-induced hand-foot syndrome (HFS) frequently lowers the quality of life of ovarian cancer patients. Wrist and ankle cooling, having a limited preventive effect, has been the commonest supportive HFS care. In this study, we retrospectively assessed the primary preventive effect of a combination of regional cooling and oral dexamethasone therapy (cooling + oral Dex) on HFS.

Methods
This study is a single-arm retrospective, observational study. Recurrent ovarian cancer patients were administered PLD ± bevacizumab. We retrospectively examined the efficacy of hands and feet cooling (from the start of PLD to the end) + oral Dex (day 1–5: 8 mg/day, day 6, 7: 4 mg/day) for primary HFS prevention.

Results
This study included 74 patients. The initial dose of PLD was 50 mg/m2 and 40 mg/m2 for 32 (43.2%) and 42 (56.8%) patients, respectively. HFS of Grade ≥ 2 and Grade ≥ 3 developed in five (6.8%) and one (1.4%) patient(s), respectively. The incidence of ≥ Grade 2 and ≥ Grade 3 HFS was much lower than those reported in previous studies. Dose reduction was required in 13 patients (17.6%) mainly because of neutropenia or mucositis; there was no HFS-induced dose reduction. Meanwhile, PLD therapy was discontinued mainly because of interstitial pneumonia (4 patients) and HFS (one patient).

Conclusions
We demonstrated the efficacy of regional cooling and oral Dex for primary prevention of PLD-induced HFS. Although future prospective studies are needed to confirm its efficacy, this combination therapy can be considered for primary prevention of HFS in ovarian cancer patients on PLD.
Post-induction hypotension and intraoperative hypotension as potential separate risk factors for the adverse outcome: a cohort study
Authors: Czajka Szymon , Putowski Zbigniew , Krzych Łukasz J. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Intraoperative hypotension (IOH) is associated with organ hypoperfusion. There are different underlying causes of IOH depending on the phase of surgery. Post-induction hypotension (PIH) and early-intraoperative hypotension tend to be frequently differentiated. We aimed to explore further different phases of IOH and verify whether they are differently associated with postoperative complications.

Methods
Patients undergoing abdominal surgery between October 2018 and July 2019 in a university hospital were screened. Post-induction hypotension was defined as MAP ≤ 65 mmHg between the induction of anaesthesia and the onset of surgery. Hypotension during surgery (IOH) was defined as MAP ≤ 65 mmHg occurring between the onset of surgery and its completion. Acute kidney injury, stroke or transient ischaemic attack, delirium, and myocardial infarction were considered as the outcome.

Results
We enrolled 508 patients (219 males, median age 62 years). 158 subjects (31.1%) met PIH, 171 (33.7%) met IOH criteria, and 67 (13.2%) patients experienced both. PIH time accounted for 22.8% of the total hypotension time and 29.7% of the IOH time. The IOH time accounted for 5.17% of the total intraoperative time, while PIH for 8.91% of the pre-incision time. Female sex, lower height, body mass and lower pre-induction BP (SBP and MAP) were found to be associated with the incidence of PIH. The negative outcome was observed in 38 (7.5%) patients. Intraoperative MAP ≤ 65 mmHg, longer duration of the procedure (≥ 230 min), chronic arterial hypertension and age were associated with the presence of the outcome (p < 0.01 each).

Conclusions
The presence of IOH defined as MAP ≤ 65 mmHg is relevant to post-operative organ complications, the presence of PIH does not appear to be of such significance. Because cumulative duration of PIH and IOH differs significantly, especially in long-lasting procedures, direct comparison of the influence of PIH and IOH on outcome separately may be biased and should be taken into account in data interpretation. Further research is needed to deeply investigate this phenomenon.
Accuracy of prediction models for long-term type 2 diabetes remission after gastric bypass
Authors: Cardoso Samuel , Pereira Sofia S. , Almeida Rui F. , Osório Catarina , Silva Diogo , Nora Mário , Monteiro Mariana P. , Guimarães Marta 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Aim
To evaluate the accuracy of DiaBetter, DiaRem, Ad-DiaRem and 5y-Ad-DiaRem scores’ at predicting T2D remission 10 or more years after surgery.

Methods
Patients with obesity and T2D (n = 126) submitted to RYGB with 10 or more years of follow-up. It was a unicentric trial. Pre-operative anthropometric and clinical data was retrieved to calculate DiaRem, DiaBetter, Ad-DiaRem and 5y-Ad-DiaRem scores, while a hospital visit was conducted to assess current diabetes status. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve was calculated as estimate of the scores’ accuracy to predict long-term T2D remission.

Results
Among the entire cohort (n = 126), 70 subjects (55.6%) achieved and maintained T2D remission 10 or more years after RYGB. The 5y-Ad-DiaRem score was the one that depicted the highest discriminative power (AUROC = 0.838) to predict long-term T2D remission when compared to DiaBetter (AUROC = 0.735), DiaRem (AUROC = 0.721) and Ad-DiaRem (AUROC = 0.720).

Conclusion
The score with highest accuracy to predict long-term T2D remission after RYGB surgery was the 5y-Ad-DiaRem. Yet, the available scores accuracy to predict T2D remission in the long term is still suboptimal, highlighting the unmet need for a better scoring system.
Response to: Discussion on “Syn-metamorphic sulfidation of the Gamsberg zinc deposit, South Africa” by Stefan Höhn, Hartwig E. Frimmel, and Westley Price
Authors: Höhn Stefan , Frimmel Hartwig E. , Price Westley 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCawood et al. (this issue) critize our hypothesis of a pre-Klondikean weathering/oxidation event having affected the Aggeneys-Gamsberg ore district. Instead, they reinforce the long-held view that the sulfide deposits of the ore district with its pronounced metal zonation, its unusually high mineralogical variability and numerous geochemical anomalies are the product of amphibolite- to granulite-facies metamorphic overprint of originally syn-sedimentary exhalative deposits. Here we gladly use the opportunity to counter all issues raised and explain further our evidence of oxidation and subsequent re-sulfidation of the original synsedimentary deposits.