bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ipsilateral lung dose as a correlative measure for radiation pneumonitis in patients treated with definitive concurrent radiochemotherapy
Authors: Kirakli Esra Korkmaz , Erdem Sevilay , Susam Seher , Erim Eser 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT

Objective:
Mean lung dose (MLD) and percent of total lung (TL) volume that receive a dose greater than 20 Gy (V20) have been the most validated parameters in the prediction of radiation pneumonitis (RP). However, these parameters present mean values of TL parenchyma and predict the right and the left lung as a unique functional organ unit, not take into account the difference in function and dose density between the lungs. Furthermore, there have been very limited data evaluating ipsilateral lung dosimetric constraints in addition to TL parameters to predict RP in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients treated with radiochemotherapy (RCT).

Methods:
Between 2010 and 2017, clinical–radiological findings of NSCLC patients treated with RCT were evaluated in terms of RP, retrospectively. MLD, V20, and V30 values of ipsilateral lung were assessed from dose–volume histogram and registered. The primary endpoint was to assess the relation between ipsilateral lung dose constraints and RP risk.

Results:
There were 75 patients. There was ≥Grade 2 RP in 33 cases (%44). In univariate analysis, ipsilateral MLD, ipsilateral V20, ipsilateral V30, and TL V30 were found to be significant. Ipsilateral MLD and PTV were found to be the independent risk factors for RP. Cutoff values for RP risk were determined as 18Gy, 35%, and 28% for ipsilateral MLD, ipsilateral V20, and ipsilateral V30, respectively. Predictive values for ipsilateral MLD and ipsilateral V20 were higher than TL.

Conclusions:
In NSCLC patients treated with RCT, MLD, V20, and V30 values of ipsilateral lung parameters might increase the predictability of RP risk in addition to TL parameters.

Advances in Knowledge:
Cutoff values for RP risk were determined as 18Gy, 35%, and 28% for ipsilateral MLD, ipsilateral V20, and ipsilateral V30, respectively. Predictive values for ipsilateral MLD and ipsilateral V20 were higher than TL.
Naturally Occurring Radionuclides in Tiles Available in Ibadan, Nigeria, and the Associated Radiological Hazards
Authors: Farinde Damilola Adegbenro , Alatise Olufunmilayo Omotunde , Atanley Pauline Ayoola , Oloruntola Rachael Foluke , Mustapha Amidu Olalekan , Idowu Olufemi Abiola 
Published: September 2023

Introduction:
All building materials of natural origin contain some amounts of primordial radionuclides, 40K, 232Th, and 238U, as well as other radionuclides in the decay series of 232Th and 238U.

Purpose:
The use of tiles to beautify walls and floors in dwellings has become popular worldwide and in Nigeria in particular. However, not much has been done in assessing the impact of the use of floor and wall tiles on the radiation exposure of dwellers. In this study, radioisotopes of natural origin (226Ra, 232Th, and 40K) in selected ceramic tiles often used in Ibadan Southwest Nigeria were estimated and the associated radiological parameters evaluated.

Methodology:
Forty-five samples of different types of floor and wall tiles were obtained from local markets within the study area. Each of the 45 samples was pulverized and sealed in an airtight sample container for 4 weeks before analysis using a sodium iodide-based gamma-ray spectrometer.

Results:
The average values of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K obtained were 44.28 ± 0.56, 84.71 ± 0.60, and 830.44 ± 0.63 Bqkg−1, respectively, which shows that they are greater than the corresponding estimated worldwide average concentration. Again, the estimated average values obtained for the radiological hazard parameters for equivalent activity due to radium and representative gamma-ray level index were found to be lower than the world averages. Similarly, the absorbed dose rates due to gamma-ray emission were found to be higher than the world common values.

Conclusion:
This study indicates that the use of these tiles will not be posing potential radiological risk if used in dwellings. However, construction works that requires the use of these tiles must be designed in such a way that the emission of dangerous radiation will not be a threat to the occupants.
Comparative evaluation of C-MAC and McGrath MAC videolaryngoscopes with Macintosh direct laryngoscope for endotracheal intubation in adult patients undergoing elective surgeries
Authors: Abhyankar Prachi , Sabharwal Nikki , Gupta Anju , Das Akshaya K. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background and Aims:
Videolaryngoscopes have an undisputed role in difficult airway management, but their role in routine intubation scenarios remains underappreciated. McGrath MAC is a lightweight laryngoscope with a disposable blade. It remains to be proven if it performs as efficiently as the reusable videolaryngoscopes like C-MAC and whether it has an advantage over standard Macintosh laryngoscope in predicted normal airways.

Material and Methods:
We recruited 180 adult patients and randomly divided them into three groups for intubation with either Macintosh laryngoscope (Group-A), C-MAC (Group-B), and McGrath (Group-C). The primary objective was to compare the first attempt success rate. Secondary objectives included Cormack-Lehane (CL) grades, laryngoscopy time, intubation time, ease of intubation, need for optimization manoeuver, and the number of passes to place the endotracheal tube.

Results:
The two videolaryngoscopes provided a superior first attempt success rate as compared to Macintosh laryngoscope (P = 0.027). The CL grade-I was 100% in group B, 41.7% in group-A and 90% in group-C (B vs C; P = 0.037). Laryngoscopy time was 9.9 ± 2.5 s, 12.6 ± 0.8 s, and 13.1 ± 0.8 s for groups A, B, and C, respectively (B vs C; P = 0.001). Intubation time was 24.4 ± 12 s, 28.3 ± 1.9 s, and 37.3 ± 5.8 s for groups A, B, and C, respectively (P < 0.0001). The number of tube passes was highest in group C.

Conclusion:
Videolaryngoscopes provided a superior glottic view and resulted in a superior first attempt success rate as compared to Macintosh laryngoscope. When comparing the two videolaryngoscopes, C-MAC resulted in better intubation characteristics (shorter intubation time, better glottic views, and higher first-attempt success rates) and should be preferred over McGrath for intubation in adult patients with normal airways.
The efficacy and safety of Kantakaryavaleha and Eladi Gutika in the management of mild stable bronchial asthma (Tamaka Shwasa)
Authors: Sharma Bhagwan S. , Mahajon Bidhan , Chincholikar Mukesh B. , Rao Bhogavalli C. S. , Srikanth Narayanam 
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND:
Although Ayurveda medicine is used to manage bronchial asthma, available evidence relating to its efficacy needs to be generated. To scientifically evaluate the efficacy and safety of Ayurveda interventions, Kantakaryavaleha and Eladi Gutika, a multicenter, prospective, single-arm, open-label clinical study on mild stable bronchial asthma (Tamaka Shwasa) will be initiated.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
90 patients (45 in each center) with mild stable bronchial asthma will be enrolled based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. All the patients will be treated with Ayurveda medicines, i.e., Kantakaryavaleha 10 g, orally, twice daily with lukewarm water and tablet Eladi Gutika, 1 g thrice daily, orally. The intervention period will be 12 weeks and each participant will be followed up for 2 more weeks post intervention period. The primary outcomes will be measured assessing the change in the Asthma Control Questionnaire and the frequency of need for control medication before and after the trial intervention. The secondary outcomes will be measured by comparing the changes in clinical signs and symptoms of Tamaka Shwasa as per the Ayurveda classical text, changes in forced expiratory volume (FEV1), and biomarkers such as serum C-reactive protein (CRP), and IgE.

TRIAL REGISTRATION:
The trial has been registered at the Clinical Trials Registry-India (CTRI); the registration number for this trial is CTRI/2018/06/014425.
An observational study on health-related demography of women and children belonging to scheduled caste population in selected areas of Thiruvananthapuram district of Kerala state, India
Authors: Peethambaran Sinimol T. , Meghna Pooleriveettil P. , Gavali Kishore , Ota Sarada , Shahi Vinodkumar , Devarakonda Sudhakar , Srikanth Narayanam , Dhiman Kartar Singh 
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND:
The scheduled caste (SC) population of India, especially women and children, lags behind others in the health scenario and the problem should be addressed with emergency concern.

AIM:
The aim of this article is to describe the health-related demography of women and children of SC population in selected areas of Thiruvananthapuram district of Kerala state, India during the year 2019.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
The Reproductive and Child Health project team of Regional Ayurveda Research Institute for Lifestyle-Related Disorders, Thiruvananthapuram conducted health camps at four village panchayaths (village councils), namely, Maranalloor, Venganoor, Vilappil, Poovachal, and Neyyattinkara municipality of Thiruvananthapuram district, Kerala through 240 tours during the period January to December 2019 through a door-to-door household survey for collecting the information on socio-economic and health status. Medical aids were also provided to needy individuals.

RESULTS:
A total of 5145 individuals were surveyed, which includes 3662 women and 1483 children. In the survey, 62 disease conditions in women and 25 various disorders in children were diagnosed. The most common clinical manifestation found in women and children was Sandhigatavata (polyarthritis) and Agnimandya (digestive impairment), respectively.

CONCLUSION:
The women and children belonging to SC population in the areas of Thiruvananthapuram district where study was conducted have good health status. However, considering the prevalence of polyarthritis in women and digestive impairment in children, diet and lifestyle related-vigilance needs to be promoted. Ayurveda includes noteworthy guidelines regarding personalized as well as season-based diet and lifestyle. Therefore, increasing vigilance in rural population toward such Ayurveda guidelines along with use of relevant Ayurveda medicines can be a strategy to improve the health status of women and children.

IEC number:
9–19/2012-ARIMCHC/Tvpm/Tech/220
A multicenter clinical trial on the anti-diabetic efficacy and safety profile of Saptavimshatika Guggulu and Haridra Churna in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Jain Avinash K. , Sharma Surinder K. , Sahu Dipsundar , Kumawat Vinod B. , Sharma Om R. , Dua Pradeep , Yadav Babita , Khanduri Shruti , Ota Sarada , Bhuyan Gurucharan , Rana Rakesh , Singhal Richa , Gupta Bharti , Padhi Madan M. , Dhiman Kartar S. 
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND:

Madhumeha (diabetes mellitus [DM]) disease is one of the very few diseases, which has been found in the history and culture of India and across the globe. Since ages, even in the twenty-first century, this disease is a cause of concern to the world due to its morbidity and long-term complications. Traditional medicines are still found to be very useful in the improvement of quality of life (QOL) of the patients with Madhumeha. Ayurvedic formulations are found to be useful in the management of type II DM and in promoting health.

OBJECTIVE:

Saptavimshatika Guggulu (SG) and Haridra Churna (HC) were evaluated to assess their clinical effectiveness in the management of type 2 diabetes. A secondary objective was to assess the changes in the QOL of the patients with type 2 DM and the clinical safety of SG and HC.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This multicenter clinical study was critically evaluated to assay the clinical efficacy and safety profile of ayurvedic formulations, SG 500 g two tablets two times after food and HC 3 g with luke-warm water after food two times daily for 12 weeks in 146 participants, diagnosed with NIIDM, enrolled as per the selection criteria.

RESULTS:
The results were of highly significant in the regulation of FBS (BT-167.44 mg/dL, AT-152.83 mg/dL) and PPBS (BT-261.74 mg/dL, AT-240.59 mg/dL). Statistically highly significant result was found in the improvement of Diabetes Symptoms Questionnaire and SF-36 health survey score; no ADR or any complications were noted.

CONCLUSION:
SG and HC used on the subjects of type 2 DM (Madhumeha) are clinically effective, safe, and tolerable.
A prophylactic community-based study to assess the impact of Ayuraksha kit in COVID-19
Authors: Mundada Pallavi Suresh , Makhija Deepa , Sunita Mata , Rao Bhogavalli Chandrasekhar , Tripathi Arunabh , Kachre Kalpana Budhaji , Singhal Richa , Rana Rakesh Kumar , Kumar Adarsh , Srikanth Narayanam 
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND:
The rise in the number of newly reported cases heralds the onset of the third wave of COVID-19 in India, despite the country’s relentless push for COVID-19 vaccination. In such a situation, efforts other than the vaccination, to strengthen the population’s immune system have become critical to keep the overburdened health-care system from being exhausted. Ayuraksha Kit includes four Ayurveda medicines viz., Chyawanprash, Samshamani Vati, Anu Taila and Ayush Kwath choorna. This kit is developed with an aim to enhance the general wellbeing and immunity of apparently healthy individuals. During the COVID-19 pandemic, this trial will investigate the impact of the Ayuraksha Kit as an adjunct to standard preventative measures in safeguarding people living in 12 Indian cities.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
A community-based cluster randomized controlled trial will be conducted on 8316 apparently healthy adults. The clusters will be randomly allocated to two groups, intervention and control groups, in a 10:1 ratio. The advice on standard preventive measures along with masks and soaps for hand hygiene will be provided to all the study participants in both groups. Ayuraksha Kit will be given for one month to the 7560 study participants in the intervention group, and the 756 participants in the control group will be only given standard preventive measures. Effect of Ayuraksha Kit on incidence and severity of COVID-19 like symptoms and the psychological distress as an impact of risk of exposure to SARS CoV-2 will be assessed during this study.

DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION:
As this study will be conducted in the areas predominantly resided by people belonging to scheduled castes in Indian cities, this cluster-RCT will determine whether the use of Ayuraksha Kit has a prophylactic potential against the incidence or on the severity of disease.

TRIAL REGISTRATION:
CTRI/2022/02/040156 dated 10th February 2022.
Comparative efficacy of ayurveda interventions Shwitrahara Lepa and Avalgujabeejadi Lepa in the Management of Shwitra (Vitiligo)
Authors: Saxena Bhumika , Sowmyashree U. P. , Gopala Krishna G. 
Published: September 2023

INTRODUCTION:
Vitiligo is one of the major skin diseases affecting the normal pigmentation of the skin. It is an auto-immune disorder resulting in skin hypopigmentation due to reduced melanin production. In Ayurveda classical texts, the external application of Shwitrahara Lepa (SHL) and Avalgujabeejadi Lepa (AGL) is indicated for managing vitiligo. Hence, given literary indication, the present study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of SHL and AGL in managing vitiligo.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
An open-label, parallel-group, randomized, controlled clinical study was conducted among 40 participants aged between 21 and 60 diagnosed with vitiligo. The participants were randomly assigned into two equal groups. Group A was treated by using an external application of SHL with water. Group B received AGL external application with cow urine. The external application of the interventions was done over the lesion once a day following early morning (7:00 a.m.) sunlight exposure for 15 min daily for 45 days. The effect of therapy was assessed through clinical parameters such as Vitiligo Area Scoring Index (VASI), pigmentation, margin, and the number of lesions along with classical symptoms of vitiligo, such as discoloration of the skin, reddish or coppery discoloration, skin dryness, burning sensation, itching, and thickening of the skin.

RESULTS:
The results of the study indicate that both SHL and AGL are significant in improving the score of VASI (P < 0.001) and pigmentation and reducing the margin of the lesions compared to baseline. Significant reduction in skin dryness and itching was noted in both SHL (P = 0.004, P = 0.023) and AGL (P = 0.034, P = 0.009) groups. SHL also significantly reduced whitish skin discoloration and burning sensation (P < 0.05). On comparing the effect of SHL and AGL, statistically nonsignificant results (P > 0.05) were obtained for all the assessment parameters, indicating that both interventions are equally effective. No adverse drug reactions were noted.

CONCLUSION:
Both the formulations are equally effective.
Efficacy of Vijayasaradi capsule as add-on management in insulin-dependent type 2 diabetes – A randomized standard controlled clinical trial
Authors: Verma Nidhi , Goyal Mandip R. , Varsakiya Jitendra Nathabhai 
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND:
In patients with hyperglycemia, the resistance to oral antihyperglycemic drugs may lead to insulin therapy. Insulin therapy has some limitations, such as the cost of medicine, dose monitoring, and the risk of hypoglycemia. The classical text of Ayurveda has described several formulations for treating diabetes. The role of Ayurveda antidiabetic formulations needs to be studied for controlling hyperglycemia and reducing the dose and frequency of insulin administration. Vijayasaradi capsule is an antidiabetic herbal formulation mainly utilized to treat hyperglycemia.

Objective:
This study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of Vijayasaradi capsule as add-on management in the cases of insulin-dependent type 2 diabetes.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Seventy-nine patients of either sex with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (T2-IDDM) between 18 and 70 years were studied. The intervention for the control group (n = 38) was hypoglycemic drugs with insulin injections. The trial group (n = 41) was treated with the Vijayasaradi capsule, two capsules (500 mg each) thrice daily before food, hypoglycemic medicine, and insulin injection. The duration of the study was 3 months, and follow-ups were done weekly. Percentage changes of reduction in the units of insulin therapy, fasting and postprandial blood sugar levels, and hemoglobin A1c before and after the treatment and the associated subjective symptoms of type 2 diabetes were the primary outcome measures.

RESULTS:
The trial drug significantly decreased fasting blood sugar (P = 0.02) and postprandial blood sugar (P = 0.0001). The average insulin dose was also reduced from 33.27 ± 19 to 28.8 ± 80 units. A significant reduction (P = 0.001) in hemoglobin A1c was observed after the treatment. After the treatment, reduction in the maximum average insulin dose was also observed.

CONCLUSION:

Vijaysaradi capsule can be used as an add-on therapy to manage hyperglycemia and reduce insulin doses in patients with T2-IDDM.
An open-label, randomized, exploratory study to evaluate the effect of internal oleation and therapeutic purgation on lipid profile in patients with skin diseases
Authors: Makhija Deepa , Deep V. C. , Krishna Rao S. , Shah Aaditya B. , Patil Rajkala Panchakshari , Sharma Sakshi , Gupta Bharti , Sharma Bhagwan Sahai , Khanduri Shruti , Rana Rakesh Kumar , Singhal Richa , Srikanth Narayanam 
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND:
In Ayurveda therapeutic principles, internal oleation (IO) is essential before Virechana (purgation therapy). The IO is mainly done using plain or specific medicated ghee according to the disease condition. Virechana is a primarily utilized therapy for treating skin diseases. This pilot study evaluates and compares the effect of IO by using cow ghee (CG) and Mahatiktaka Ghrita (MTG), followed by Virechana, on lipid profiles in individuals suffering from skin diseases but having normal serum lipid levels.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
A total of 60 patients were enrolled in this open-label, randomized, multicenter exploratory study and equally divided into two groups. The Ayurveda interventions for IO in groups I and II were CG and MTG, respectively. In both groups, after the completion of 3 to 7 days of IO, Virechana, by using Avipattikar churna (AVC), was done. The effect of the interventions was assessed after completion of IO, and the next day after Virechana, by laboratory investigations such as lipid profile, liver function (LFT) and renal function tests (RFT). Comparative statistical analysis of observations between the baseline, after oleation, and after Virechana was done using statistical software SPSS Version 15.0.

RESULTS:
A total of 55 participants (27 in group I and 28 in group II) completed the study. After IO and Virechana, changes were reported in the lipid profile, LFT and RFT. All the observed changes are within the standard normal range of the respective laboratory parameters.

CONCLUSIONS:
To some extent, the IO with CG, MTG, and Virechana therapy can result in clinical changes in LDL, LFT, and RFT within normal limits. As per the Ayurveda concepts, Sansarjana Karma is a must after Virechana for complete recovery. Therefore, further research on changes in lipid profile after IO and Virechana following Sansarjana Karma is required.
Clinical Evaluation of the Effect of Saptasaram Kashaya and Saraswatarishta in Kashtartava (Primary Dysmenorrhea)
Authors: Surendran Emy S. , Sharma Sakshi , Soumya Mohanan C. , Shivshankar Rajput , Tripathi Arunabh , Ota Sarada , Rana Rakesh , Sharma Bhagwan S. , Khanduri Shruti , Kumar Adarsh , Gupta Bharti , Sudhakar D. , Srikanth Narayanam , Dhiman Kartar S. 
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND:
Primary dysmenorrhea is defined as painful menstruation without any associated pelvic pathology. This debilitating gynecologic disease affects 45–90% of women of reproductive age. In classical texts of Ayurveda, formulations such as Saptasaram Kashaya (SPK) and Saraswatarishta (SSR) have been indicated in the treatment of Kashtartava (primary dysmenorrhea). Based on the classical claim, the present work was planned to assess the effect of SPK and SSR on the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Unmarried girls of age between 13 and 20 years, suffering from at least three painful cycles of menstruation in the last 6 months with pain intensity more than 40 mm as per the Visual Analog Scale (700 mm) (VAS), were included in the trial. Ayurvedic formulations SPK in the dose of 50 ml twice daily before food from the onset of menstruation till next 7 days and SSR in the dose of 10 ml mixed with 20 ml of lukewarm water at bedtime daily were administered for 3 consecutive months. The effect on menstrual pain was assessed by VAS; improvement in quality of life was assessed using the SF-36 (RAND) questionnaire; and changes in the psychosomatic status were assessed using the Menstrual Distress Questionnaire and Hamilton Anxiety Scale.

RESULTS:
A total of 100 participants were enrolled at two study centers. The data of 96 participants who completed 6 months’ trial period were analyzed. At baseline, the mean VAS score for pain was 90.9 ± 12.3, which decreased to 33.4 ± 24 on the 90th day and further reduced to 23.8 ± 21.3 on the 180th day. The associated symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, anorexia, loss of appetite, giddiness, breast tenderness, diarrhea, flatulence, headache, fainting, frequent urination, and fatigue significantly reduced (P < 0.05) at the end of the treatment. The improvement in quality of life and psychological status at the end of 90th day was also significant (P < 0.001). No adverse events were reported during the treatment period.

CONCLUSION:
SPK and SSR have a positive effect in the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.