bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The detection of sudden cardiac death sports preparticipation in sports population adult: a narrative review
Authors: Sillero Sillero A , Gomez Periago I V E T , Ayuso Marganon R A Q U E L , Gil Poisa M A R I A , Noemi Moreno-Segura N O E M I , Fuentes Aparicio L A U R A , Marques-Sule E L E N A , Pedreira Robles G U I L L E 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.

Introduction
The practice of sports by the general population is increasing, and, despite being beneficial to health, it can also increase the risk of sudden death. In recent studies, screening tests have been suggested to identify at-risk people and prevent sudden cardiac death. There is, however, considerable debate about who to screen, how to screen, and whether these programs are effective. Thus, it is important to review the scientific evidence in the literature on the most appropriate tests for preventing sudden cardiac death in adults and the role of nursing in your implementation.

Methods
A narrative Literature review. The content analysis method has been used (Mayring, 2000). Data from the papers was fragmented into descriptive codes assigned based on their content. The search was carried out in May 2022. The databases used were SCOPUS, WEB of Science, and PUBMED.A combination of the following keywords was used for adapted descriptors in each database: ‘sudden cardiac death’, ‘sport’, ‘screening ‘, ‘adults’ and ‘athletes ‘. Taking into account the complexity of the study subject, the inclusion criteria were: all the articles published in the past ten years in peer-reviewed journals in English and Spanish. 2 Investigators excluded duplicated studies and read and evaluated the title and abstract of the studies found. Articles which did not address the questions of the investigation were ruled out. Thereafter, all the articles published in the previous ten years and considered relevant to the review were included. The content analysis method has been used (Mayring, 2000). Data from the papers was fragmented into descriptive codes assigned based on their content.

Results
The results are organized:
a) Clinical history and physical examination b) Electrocardiogram c) Other tests d) Clinical guidelines. Finally, 14 articles were analyzed, mostly literature reviews focused on the sports population.

Conclusions
The present study highlights a need to design specific and efficient screening strategies for sports preparticipation. Bearing this in mind, correct detection and prevention of sudden cardiac death is essential to ensure safe sports practice. For this, it is recommended to have a pre-sports participation cardiovascular examination. In addition, such a preparticipation cardiovascular evaluation offers the potential for detecting other potentially lethal cardiovascular conditions. Similarly, the nursing staff's role in these procedures ranges from the educational aspect to the supervision of the equipment and adequate organization to carry out the assessment.
Factors associated with somatic symptoms perception in patients living with heart failure
Authors: Massouh A , Makhoul M , Wehbe S 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: Other. Main funding source(s): University Review Board of the American University of Beirut

Background
Heart Failure [HF] affects 64.3 million individuals globally and despite its decreasing global burden it remains dramatically high in countries of the Eastern Mediterranean Region. Self-care is highly recommended to improve HF patient outcomes and an integral aspect for effective HF self-care is symptom perception. This involves body listening, symptom recognition and monitoring, and interpreting and labeling the meaning of these symptoms.

Purpose
To identify factors related to HF symptom burden as perceived by patients living with HF and using the Heart Failure Somatic Perception [HFSP] scale.

Methods
This was a secondary analysis of a cross-sectional correlational study that recruited dyads living with HF. Patients were assessed for symptom burden measured by the HFSP scale, depression measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire [PHQ-9], perceived control measured using the Control Attitudes Scale [CAS], and quality of life measured using the Minnesota Living with HF [MLWHF] questionnaire. Independent t-Test and Pearson correlation were used for analysis.

Results
A total of 109 HF patients [mean age 63.24 ± 10.77 years, 69.7% males] were included. The mean score of HFSP scale was 27.96 ± 19.43. Symptomatic HF patients [New York Functional Class (NYHA) I and II] had significantly higher HFSP than asymptomatic patients [NYHA III and IV] indicating higher symptom burden [32.90 ± 19.65 versus 23.16 ± 17.79; p = 0.11]. Likely, higher symptom burden was associated with lower total quality of life [higher MLWHF score; r = .802; p &lt;.001], lower physical quality of life [r = .802; p &lt;.001], lower emotional quality of life [r = .384; p &lt;.001], more depression [higher PHQ-9 score; r = .464; p &lt;.001], and lower perceived control over symptoms and disease process [lower CAS score; r = -.506; p &lt;.001]. Predictors were retained in the regression model if they contributed significantly to the model or were conceptually relevant and did not negatively affect the variance. Worse quality of life and lower perceived control explained about 60% of the variance in symptom burden [F = 49.189; p = 0.001].

Conclusion
Results of this secondary analysis suggest that patients’ somatic perception of their illness has an independent and substantial relationship to their functionality, quality of life, and perceived control over illness. Illness perceptions are amenable to change, and healthcare providers are tasked with developing and testing targeted interventions aimed to modify these as this may be helpful for improving quality of life and control over disease process.
Factors determining the lifestyle and the level of health behaviors of patients with circulatory failure
Authors: Serzysko B , Mroczkowska R , Podsiadlo B 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: Private company. Main funding source(s): Specjalistyczna praktyka pielęgniarska

Introduction
Lifestyle understood as health behavior is the basic determinant of health along with biological, genetic and social factors, as well as the level of quality of medical care.

Aim
Evaluation of lifestyle factors and the level of health behaviors of patients with circulatory failure

Materials and Methods
The study involved 100 patients of a center for heart diseases with diagnosed heart failure. The research was conducted using a standardized questionnaire, Zygfryd Jurczyński's Inventory of Health Behaviors, and his own design.

Results
Most patients with heart failure (67%) show a low level of health behaviors. The general level of health behaviors is not differentiated by gender and place of residence (p&gt;0.05), but it is differentiated by age (p &lt; 0.05), level of education (p &lt; 0.05), marital status or BMI (p&lt; 0.05).

Conclusion
Lifestyle changes are the cheapest but most difficult step to take. They require discipline and permanent change of habits. Then the daily life of a patient with heart failure can become an effective, natural way to support the work of the heart, which can reduce the number of medications taken or hospitalizations.
Assessment of a SARS-CoV-2 population-wide rapid antigen testing in Italy: a modeling and economic analysis study
Authors: Cavazza Marianna , Sartirana Marco , Wang Yuxi , Falk Markus 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
This study aimed to compare the cost-effectiveness of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) mass testing, carried out in November 2020 in the Italian Bolzano/Südtirol province, to scenarios without mass testing in terms of hospitalizations averted and quality-adjusted life-year (QALYs) saved.

Methods
We applied branching processes to estimate the effective reproduction number (Rt) and model scenarios with and without mass testing, assuming Rt = 0.9 and Rt = 0.95. We applied a bottom-up approach to estimate the costs of mass testing, with a mixture of bottom-up and top-down methodologies to estimate hospitalizations averted and incremental costs in case of non-intervention. Lastly, we estimated the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER), denoted by screening and related social costs, and hospitalization costs averted per outcome derived, hospitalizations averted and QALYs saved.

Results
The ICERs per QALY were €24 249 under Rt = 0.9 and €4604 under Rt = 0.95, considering the official and estimated data on disease spread. The cost-effectiveness acceptability curves show that for the Rt = 0.9 scenario, at the maximum threshold willingness to pay the value of €40 000, mass testing has an 80% probability of being cost-effective compared to no mass testing. Under the worst scenario (Rt = 0.95), at the willingness to pay threshold, mass testing has an almost 100% probability of being cost-effective.

Conclusions
We provide evidence on the cost-effectiveness and potential impact of mass COVID-19 testing on a local healthcare system and community. Although the intervention is shown to be cost-effective, we believe the initiative should be carried out when there is initial rapid local disease transmission with a high Rt, as shown in our model.
Trees and forests’ contribution to well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic in England: how did people adapt to change?
Authors: O’Brien Liz , Cook Mandy , Hall Clare , Ambrose-Oji Bianca 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
COVID-19 was declared a global pandemic on 11 March 2020 and has meant entire populations have experienced a significant change in lifestyle. Restrictions in England occurred through a series of phases from a lockdown through to the opening of shops and facilities. The initial restrictions led to a strong media focus on nature and getting outdoors for exercise and mental well-being. Alongside this but not related to COVID-19, there is a strong policy focus on forest creation and expansion in England with debate about where new forests might be created, what benefits they might provide, and to whom. In this research, we explored, for those with an existing interest in nature, whether this connection to nature and specifically to trees and forests could support people in coping with the restrictions they faced during the pandemic. We carried out an online survey in England in June/July 2020 and received 3333 qualitative comments. We then carried out 25 follow-up interviews in August/September 2020 with a sample of those who had completed the survey. We use the Kübler-Ross change curve as a lens to explore people’s reactions and responses to the significant changes brought about by the COVID-19 crisis, with a focus on their experiences relating to trees and forests. The results highlight that some people did move through the four stages of change outlined in the Kübler-Ross framework, although not always in a linear process, from shock and denial, to resistance, to exploration, and adaptation. The change curve model proved useful in this study but also had some limitations. Engagement with forests supported some adaptation as well as exploration through people undertaking new activities, visiting local spaces, and spending more time outdoors with their children. We also found that the benefits of engaging with trees and forests could help to support people’s well-being in times of high anxiety. The study highlights the importance of trees and forests as part of people’s lives, and the role they can play in supporting them when faced with major challenges.
Chromosome-Scale Genome Assembly of the Solitary Parasitoid Wasp Microplitis manilae Ashmead, 1904 (Braconidae: Microgastrinae)
Authors: Yan Bin , Di Xueyuan , Yang Maofa , Wu Huizi , Yu Xiaofei , Zhang Feng 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Parasitoid wasps are invaluable natural enemies extensively used to control coleopteran, dipteran, and lepidopteran pests in agriculture and forestry owing to their killing and reproductive actions on hosts. The important larval endoparasitoid wasp Microplitis manilae, which belongs to the Microgastrinae subfamily, parasitizes the larval stages of Spodoptera spp., such as Spodoptera litura and Spodoptera frugiperda. The absence of a genomic resource for M. manilae has impeded studies on chemosensory- and detoxification-related genes. This study presents a chromosome-level genome assembly of M. manilae with a genome size of 293.18 Mb, which includes 222 contigs (N50 size, 7.58 Mb) and 134 scaffolds (N50 size, 27.33 Mb). A major proportion of the genome (284.76 Mb; 97.13%) was anchored to 11 pseudochromosomes with a single-copy BUSCO score of 98.4%. Furthermore, 14,316 protein-coding genes, 165.14 Mb (57.99%) repetitive elements, and 871 noncoding RNAs were annotated and identified. Additionally, a manual annotation of 399 genes associated with chemosensation and 168 genes involved in detoxification was conducted. This study provides a valuable and high-quality genomic resource to facilitate further functional genomics research on parasitoid wasps.
Hetnet connectivity search provides rapid insights into how biomedical entities are related
Authors: Himmelstein Daniel S , Zietz Michael , Rubinetti Vincent , Kloster Kyle , Heil Benjamin J , Alquaddoomi Faisal , Hu Dongbo , Nicholson David N , Hao Yun , Sullivan Blair D , Nagle Michael W , Greene Casey S 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
Hetnets, short for “heterogeneous networks,” contain multiple node and relationship types and offer a way to encode biomedical knowledge. One such example, Hetionet, connects 11 types of nodes—including genes, diseases, drugs, pathways, and anatomical structures—with over 2 million edges of 24 types. Previous work has demonstrated that supervised machine learning methods applied to such networks can identify drug repurposing opportunities. However, a training set of known relationships does not exist for many types of node pairs, even when it would be useful to examine how nodes of those types are meaningfully connected. For example, users may be curious about not only how metformin is related to breast cancer but also how a given gene might be involved in insomnia.

Findings
We developed a new procedure, termed hetnet connectivity search, that proposes important paths between any 2 nodes without requiring a supervised gold standard. The algorithm behind connectivity search identifies types of paths that occur more frequently than would be expected by chance (based on node degree alone). Several optimizations were required to precompute significant instances of node connectivity at the scale of large knowledge graphs.

Conclusion
We implemented the method on Hetionet and provide an online interface at https://het.io/search. We provide an open-source implementation of these methods in our new Python package named hetmatpy.
Health record hiccups—5,526 real-world time series with change points labelled by crowdsourced visual inspection
Authors: Quan T Phuong , Lacey Ben , Peto Tim E A , Walker A Sarah 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundLarge routinely collected data such as electronic health records (EHRs) are increasingly used in research, but the statistical methods and processes used to check such data for temporal data quality issues have not moved beyond manual, ad hoc production and visual inspection of graphs. With the prospect of EHR data being used for disease surveillance via automated pipelines and public-facing dashboards, automation of data quality checks will become increasingly valuable.FindingsWe generated 5,526 time series from 8 different EHR datasets and engaged &gt;2,000 citizen-science volunteers to label the locations of all suspicious-looking change points in the resulting graphs. Consensus labels were produced using density-based clustering with noise, with validation conducted using 956 images containing labels produced by an experienced data scientist. Parameter tuning was done against 670 images and performance calculated against 286 images, resulting in a final sensitivity of 80.4% (95% CI, 77.1%–83.3%), specificity of 99.8% (99.7%–99.8%), positive predictive value of 84.5% (81.4%–87.2%), and negative predictive value of 99.7% (99.6%–99.7%). In total, 12,745 change points were found within 3,687 of the time series.ConclusionsThis large collection of labelled EHR time series can be used to validate automated methods for change point detection in real-world settings, encouraging the development of methods that can successfully be applied in practice. It is particularly valuable since change point detection methods are typically validated using synthetic data, so their performance in real-world settings cannot be assumed to be comparable. While the dataset focusses on EHRs and data quality, it should also be applicable in other fields.
Health impacts of social determinants and lifestyle behaviours: some evidence from Canadian provinces
Authors: Safaei Jalil , Saliminezhad Andisheh 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This study seeks to identify the impact of social determinants and lifestyle factors on life expectancy and self-perceived health as two measures of objective and subjective health, respectively, using data from Canadian provinces during 2007–21. Through a simple conceptual model, it lays out the direct and indirect pathways through which social and lifestyle determinants affect health. The conceptual model guides the formulation of empirical models, which are used to estimate the effects of social and lifestyle factors on health. The study uses ‘panel-corrected standard errors’ estimation method to obtain reliable results. The findings confirm that social determinants contribute directly and indirectly (through lifestyle) to life expectancy. For self-perceived health, however, the contributions of both social and lifestyle determinants are only direct. The latter result may be explained by the immediacy of lifestyle and its impact on health in individuals’ minds, a notion that is constantly reinforced by the mainstream discourse on health promotion. Our study indicates that lifestyle factors should be addressed within the context of broader social determinants. In other words, an individual agency should be understood within the larger enveloping social structure. The study recognizes redistributive measures aimed at reducing social gradients in health as effective health promotion policies.
Early Biologic Treatment Decreases Risk of Surgery in Crohn’s Disease but not in Ulcerative Colitis: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Law Cindy C Y , Tkachuk Bryce , Lieto Stephen , Narula Neeraj , Walsh Samantha , Colombel Jean-Frédéric , Ungaro Ryan C 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background and Aims
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) can lead to long-term complications that significantly impact patients’ quality of life and healthcare resource utilization. Prior studies have demonstrated improved short-term outcomes to early exposure of biologics in patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) but not in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). However, there are conflicting data on impact of early intervention on longer-term adverse events. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis assessing the impact of early biologic treatment on rates of IBD-related surgery.

Methods
A systematic search was conducted in April 2022. Studies were included if biologic initiation was compared between patients starting early (&lt;3 years of diagnosis or top-down treatment) vs later (&gt;3 years of diagnosis or step-up treatment). Studies with &lt;1 year of follow-up were excluded. The outcomes were colectomy and CD-related surgery for patients with UC and CD, respectively. Random-effects analyses were conducted to compare rates of IBD surgery between early and late biologic treatment.

Results
Eighteen studies were included in the meta-analysis. Three studies included patients with UC and 15 studies included patients with CD. In patients with CD, early biologic therapy was associated with lower odds of surgery (odds ratio, 0.63; 95% confidence interval, 0.48-0.84) compared with late treatment. Conversely, in patients with UC, the odds of colectomy were increased (odds ratio, 2.86; 95% confidence interval, 1.30-6.30).

Conclusions
Early biologic treatment is associated with lower rates of surgery in patients with CD. In contrast, early biologic therapy appears to be associated with higher rates of colectomy in patients with UC, which may be confounded by disease severity.
Unexpected Performance in Developing Birds
Authors: Heers Ashley M 
Published: July 2023

Synopsis
Birds are well known for their ability to fly, and flight-capable adult birds have many anatomical specializations for meeting the demands of aerial locomotion. Juvenile birds in altricial species typically acquire these specializations close to fledging and leave the nest with some flight capability. In contrast, juveniles in most precocial species begin navigating their environment with rudimentary anatomies and may not develop full-sized wings or musculoskeletal apparatuses for several months. This manuscript explores how juvenile birds achieve high levels of locomotor performance in the absence of flight specializations, by synthesizing work on two groups of precocial birds with very different developmental strategies. Galliforms like the Chukar Partridge (Alectoris chukar) have early wing development and are capable of flight within weeks. Compared with adults, juvenile chukars have less aerodynamically effective feathers and smaller muscles but compensate through anatomical, kinematic, and behavioral mechanisms. In contrast, waterfowl have delayed wing development and initially rely on leg-based locomotion. In Mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) and their domesticated derivatives, leg investment and performance peak early in ontogeny, but then decline when wings develop. Chukar and mallard juveniles thus rely on different mechanisms for negotiating their surroundings in the absence of flight specializations. In conjunction with work in other animals, these patterns indicate that juveniles with developing locomotor apparatuses can achieve surprisingly high levels of locomotor performance through a variety of compensatory mechanisms.
The F-Signature Function on the Ample Cone
Authors: Lee Seungsu , Pande Swaraj 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
For any fixed globally $F$-regular projective variety $X$ over an algebraically closed field of positive characteristic, we study the $F$-signature of section rings of $X$ with respect to the ample Cartier divisors on $X$. In particular, we define an $F$-signature function on the ample cone of $X$ and show that it is locally Lipschitz continuous. We further prove that the $F$-signature function extends to the boundary of the ample cone. We also establish an effective comparison between the $F$-signature function and the volume function on the ample cone. As a consequence, we show that for divisors that are nef but not big, the extension of the $F$-signature is zero.