bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The underestimated role of mitochondria in vitiligo: From oxidative stress to inflammation and cell death
Authors: Lin Yi , Ding Yuecen , Wu Yue , Yang Yiwen , Liu Ziqi , Xiang Leihong , Zhang Chengfeng 
Published: June 2023

AbstractVitiligo is an acquired depigmentary disorder characterized by the depletion of melanocytes in the skin. Mitochondria shoulder multiple functions in cells, such as production of ATP, maintenance of redox balance, initiation of inflammation and regulation of cell death. Increasing evidence has implicated the involvement of mitochondria in the pathogenesis of vitiligo. Mitochondria alteration will cause the abnormalities of mitochondria functions mentioned above, ultimately leading to melanocyte loss through various cell death modes. Nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2) plays a critical role in mitochondrial homeostasis, and the downregulation of Nrf2 in vitiligo may correlate with mitochondria damage, making both mitochondria and Nrf2 promising targets in treatment of vitiligo. In this review, we aim to discuss the alterations of mitochondria and its role in the pathogenesis of vitiligo.
Ticktrefoil (Desmodium) species as a nutraceutical forage resource for animals
Authors: Terrill Thomas H. , Courson Erica M. , Morris J. Bradley , Morning Beyanna J. , Owen Vicki R. , Muir James P. , Cherry Nichole M. , Tonnis Brandon , Pech‐Cervantes Andres A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTicktrefoil (Desmodium) species from the USDA, ARS, Plant Genetic Resources Conservation Unit (PGRCU) germplasm collection in Griffin, GA, were evaluated for their potential livestock nutraceutical (nutritional + pharmaceutical) value in a field small plot study at the Fort Valley State University (FVSU) Agricultural Research Station, Fort Valley, GA. Horse marmalade (Desmodium discolor Vogel), greenleaf ticktrefoil (Desmodium intortum [Mill.] Urb.), panicledleaf ticktrefoil (Desmodium paniculatum [L.] DC.), Hawaii ticktrefoil (Desmodium sandwicense E. May) and twisted ticktrefoil (Desmodium tortuosum [Sw.] DC.) were established in a greenhouse and transplanted to field plots, with plant material from each species harvested, freeze‐dried, ground and analyzed for nutrient content and bioactivity. Crude protein (CP) levels in D. discolor and D. tortuosum averaged 233 g/kg, whereas CP in D. intortum, D. paniculatum and D. sandwicense ranged from 99 to 157 g/kg. The Desmodium species had in vitro true digestibility values of 755 to 878 g/kg. There were no detectable condensed tannins in D. discolor and D. tortuosum, whereas D. intortum, D. paniculatum and D. sandwicense averaged 88, 89 and 73 g/kg total condensed tannin, respectively. There were species differences in flavonoid content (p < .01), with the highest delphinidin and cyanidin concentrations in D. sandwicense and D. paniculatum, respectively. There were no detectable levels of delphinidin or cyanidin for D. discolor or D. tortuosum. Quercitin and kaempferol concentrations were highest in D. intortum and D. paniculatum, respectively, whereas D. discolor and D. tortuosum had the lowest values. The highest protein precipitable phenolics and total phenolic concentrations were for D. paniculatum. Desmodium species have potential as nutraceutical forage for livestock and warrant further investigation.
Effects of pre‐ultrasonication on small molecular metabolites and flavour compounds in chicken broth
Authors: Jia Rong , Yin Xiaoyan , Liao Guozhou , Yang Zijiang , Gu Dahai , Pu Yuehong , Ge Changrong , Huang Ming , Wang Guiying 
Published: June 2023

SummaryThe chicken broth was pre‐treated with ultrasound at 0, 480, 600, 720 and 840 W for 30 min before stewing, and the changes of free fatty acids, small molecular compounds, volatile flavour compounds, umami polypeptides in the chicken broth were determined by GC–MS, UPLC‐Q‐Exactive‐MS, GC–IMS and LC–MS/MS, respectively. 600 W ultrasonic treatment group outperformed the other groups in terms of sensory evaluation (P < 0.05). Palmitic acid and stearic acid were the chief free fatty acids in chicken broth. 530 and 236 small molecule metabolites were found. 36 volatile compounds were identified in chicken broth, mainly aldehydes. The proportion of sweet and umami amino acids in the chicken broth of the 600 W ultrasonic treatment group accounted for 63% of the total polypeptide sequence, indicating that pre‐ultrasonication can increase the content of sweet and umami polypeptides in chicken soup. The overall taste and flavour of Wuding chicken soup under pre‐ultrasonication with 600 W power were the best combined with sensory evaluation scores. These results can provide scientific and theoretical guidance for the further understanding of the effect of ultrasound assistance on the quality of chicken broth and the intensive processing of local chicken.
Association between maternal use of spray formulations and offspring urological anomalies: The Japan Environment and Children's Study
Authors: Taniguchi Yohei , Shimomura Hideki , Hasunuma Hideki , Taniguchi Naoko , Fujino Tetsuro , Utsunomiya Takeshi , Okuda Masumi , Shima Masayuki , Takeshima Yasuhiro ,   the Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS) Group
Published: June 2023

ObjectiveConcerns exist regarding the effects of maternal inhalation of household products on fetal health. This study aimed to clarify the impact of maternal exposure to household products, including spray formulations, on urological anomalies in offspring up to the age of 1 year.MethodsThis study included data from 84 237 children from the Japan Environment and Children's Study, an ongoing nationwide cohort study. Using maternal self‐report questionnaires, information on the use of organic solvents, waterproof sprays, insect‐repellent sprays, insecticide sprays, and herbicides from implantation until the second or third trimester of pregnancy and data on urological anomalies were collected 1 year after delivery.ResultsUrological anomalies occurred in 799 infants. Multivariate logistic regression analysis adjusted for maternal age, pregnancy body mass index, gestational diabetes, pre‐existing maternal kidney disease, and preterm birth revealed no association between maternal exposure to organic solvents and the prevalence of offspring urological anomalies. Nevertheless, we observed significant associations between waterproof spray use during pregnancy and urological anomalies in boys (odds ratio [OR]: 1.28, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03–1.59) and between the use of insecticide spray during pregnancy and urological anomalies in girls (OR: 1.48, 95% CI: 0.98–2.22). Sub‐analysis revealed significant associations between waterproof spray use during pregnancy and vesicoureteral reflux in boys (OR: 2.14, 95% CI: 1.02–4.49) and between the use of insecticide spray during pregnancy and hydronephrosis in girls (OR: 2.23, 95% CI: 1.11–4.47).ConclusionSpray formulation use during pregnancy might increase the risk of urological anomalies in the offspring.
Tying in two‐sided markets with heterogeneous advertising revenues and negative pricing
Authors: Hahn Jong‐Hee , Kim Sang‐Hyun , Yoon So Hye 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe offer a theory of anticompetitive tying in two‐sided markets when below‐cost or negative pricing is possible. With the coexistence of two consumer groups (one regarding tying and tied goods as complementary and the other as independent), a tying‐good monopolist may face difficulties in extracting rent under separate sales and wish to use tying to directly capture the large advertising revenue created in the complementary segment. We uncover two distinct mechanisms by which tying raises monopoly profits but reduces social welfare. Our theory of tying can be applied to real‐world antitrust law enforcement, such as the Google Android case.
Physical activity measured with an accelerometer in dogs following extracapsular stabilisation to treat cranial cruciate ligament rupture
Authors: Schuster L. A. H. , de Carvalho A. L. , dos Santos E. A. R. , de Oliveira M. P. , Camacho‐Rozo C. A. , Raposo Monteiro E. , Ferreira M. P. , Alievi M. M. 
Published: June 2023

ObjectivesTo quantify the physical activity levels in dogs with cranial cruciate ligament rupture before and after lateral fabellar suture stabilisation surgery.Materials and MethodsSeventeen dogs (mean weight, 12.3±5.1 kg) with unilateral cranial cruciate ligament rupture were fitted with an accelerometer for seven consecutive days at four different time points: before surgery (T0), one (T1), three (T3) and six (T6) months after surgery. The total activity and times spent in sedentary activity, light to moderate activity and vigorous activity were recorded by the accelerometer, and preoperative and postoperative data were compared. At all time points, dogs underwent clinical evaluations (lameness score, stifle pain score and thigh circumference) and their owners were asked to respond to questionnaires to subjectively score the physical activity and quality of life of the dogs.ResultsAt the four time points, the dogs spent between 21.2 and 21.4 hours on sedentary behaviour, 2.3 and 2.5 hours performing light to moderate activity, and 13 to 15 minutes performing vigorous activity. There was no increase in physical activity variables or decrease in sedentary behaviour over time. Lameness scores, pain score and dogs' quality of life improved significantly during the postoperative period. At T6, 17 (100%) of 17 dogs presented no lameness, 16 (94%) of 17 dogs presented no stifle pain, 16 (94%) of 17 owners rated the quality of life as very good and excellent, and 16 (100%) of 16 owners reported a total return to normal activity levels.Clinical SignificanceThe clinical recovery after extracapsular stabilisation of the stifle joint was not associated with a spontaneous increase in physical activity or a decrease in sedentary behaviour.
Contribution of alcohol use in HIV/hepatitis C virus co‐infection to all‐cause and cause‐specific mortality: A collaboration of cohort studies
Authors: Trickey Adam , Ingle Suzanne M. , Boyd Anders , Gill M. John , Grabar Sophie , Jarrin Inma , Obel Niels , Touloumi Giota , Zangerle Robert , Rauch Andri , Rentsch Christopher T. , Satre Derek D. , Silverberg Michael J. , Bonnet Fabrice , Guest Jodie , Burkholder Greer , Crane Heidi , Teira Ramon , Berenguer Juan , Wyen Christoph , Abgrall Sophie , Hessamfar Mojgan , Reiss Peter , d’Arminio Monforte Antonella , McGinnis Kathleen A. , Sterne Jonathan A. C. , Wittkop Linda ,   the Antiretroviral Therapy Cohort Collaboration
Published: June 2023

AbstractAmong persons with HIV (PWH), higher alcohol use and having hepatitis C virus (HCV) are separately associated with increased morbidity and mortality. We investigated whether the association between alcohol use and mortality among PWH is modified by HCV. Data were combined from European and North American cohorts of adult PWH who started antiretroviral therapy (ART). Self‐reported alcohol use data, collected in diverse ways between cohorts, were converted to grams/day. Eligible PWH started ART during 2001–2017 and were followed from ART initiation for mortality. Interactions between the associations of baseline alcohol use (0, 0.1–20.0, >20.0 g/day) and HCV status were assessed using multivariable Cox models. Of 58,769 PWH, 29,711 (51%), 23,974 (41%) and 5084 (9%) self‐reported alcohol use of 0 g/day, 0.1–20.0 g/day, and > 20.0 g/day, respectively, and 4799 (8%) had HCV at baseline. There were 844 deaths in 37,729 person‐years and 2755 deaths in 443,121 person‐years among those with and without HCV, respectively. Among PWH without HCV, adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) for mortality were 1.18 (95% CI: 1.08–1.29) for 0.0 g/day and 1.84 (1.62–2.09) for >20.0 g/day compared with 0.1–20.0 g/day. This J‐shaped pattern was absent among those with HCV: aHRs were 1.00 (0.86–1.17) for 0.0 g/day and 1.64 (1.33–2.02) for >20.0 g/day compared with 0.1–20.0 g/day (interaction p < .001). Among PWH without HCV, mortality was higher in both non‐drinkers and heavy drinkers compared with moderate alcohol drinkers. Among those with HCV, mortality was higher in heavy drinkers but not non‐drinkers, potentially due to differing reasons for not drinking (e.g. illness) between those with and without HCV.
Clustering heterogeneous financial networks
Authors: Amini Hamed , Chen Yudong , Minca Andreea , Qian Xin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe develop a convex‐optimization clustering algorithm for heterogeneous financial networks, in the presence of arbitrary or even adversarial outliers. In the stochastic block model with heterogeneity parameters, we penalize nodes whose degree exhibit unusual behavior beyond inlier heterogeneity. We prove that under mild conditions, this method achieves exact recovery of the underlying clusters. In absence of any assumption on outliers, they are shown not to hinder the clustering of the inliers. We test the performance of the algorithm on semi‐synthetic heterogenous networks reconstructed to match aggregate data on the Korean financial sector. Our method allows for recovery of sub‐sectors with significantly lower error rates compared to existing algorithms. For overlapping portfolio networks, we uncover a clustering structure supporting diversification effects in investment management.
Evolutionary history of the extinct wolf population from France in the context of global phylogeographic changes throughout the Holocene
Authors: Doan Karolina , Schnitzler Annik , Preston Francesca , Griggo Christophe , Lang Gérard , Belhaoues Fabien , Blaise Emilie , Crégut‐Bonnoure Evelyne , Frère Stéphane , Foucras Sylvain , Gardeisen Armelle , Laurent Alain , Müller Werner , Picavet Regis , Puissant Stéphane , Yvinec Jean‐Hervé , Pilot Małgorzata 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPhylogeographic patterns in large mammals result from natural environmental factors and anthropogenic effects, which in some cases include domestication. The grey wolf was once widely distributed across the Holarctic, but experienced phylogeographic shifts and demographic declines during the Holocene. In the 19th–20th centuries, the species became extirpated from large parts of Europe due to direct extermination and habitat loss. We reconstructed the evolutionary history of the extinct Western European wolves based on the mitogenomic composition of 78 samples from France (Neolithic‐20th century) in the context of other populations of wolves and dogs worldwide. We found a close genetic similarity of French wolves from ancient, medieval and recent populations, which suggests the long‐term continuity of maternal lineages. MtDNA haplotypes of the French wolves showed large diversity and fell into two main haplogroups of modern Holarctic wolves. Our worldwide phylogeographic analysis indicated that haplogroup W1, which includes wolves from Eurasia and North America, originated in Northern Siberia. Haplogroup W2, which includes only European wolves, originated in Europe ~35 kya and its frequency was reduced during the Holocene due to an expansion of haplogroup W1 from the east. Moreover, we found that dog haplogroup D, currently restricted to Europe and the Middle East, was nested within the wolf haplogroup W2. This suggests European origin of haplogroup D, probably as a result of an ancient introgression from European wolves. Our results highlight the dynamic evolutionary history of European wolves during the Holocene, with a partial lineage replacement and introgressive hybridization with local dog populations.
A scoping review exploring the impact and negotiation of hierarchy in healthcare organisations
Authors: Essex Ryan , Kennedy Jack , Miller Denise , Jameson Jill 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHealthcare organisations are hierarchical; almost all are organised around the ranking of individuals by authority or status, whether this be based on profession, expertise, gender or ethnicity. Hierarchy is important for several reasons; it shapes the delivery of care, what is prioritised and who receives care. It also has an impact on healthcare workers and how they work and communicate together in organisations. The purpose of this scoping review is to explore the qualitative evidence related to hierarchy in healthcare organisations defined broadly, to address gaps in macro‐level healthcare organisational research, specifically focusing on the (1) impact of hierarchy for healthcare workers and (2) how hierarchy is negotiated, sustained and challenged in healthcare organisations. After a search and screening, 32 papers were included in this review. The findings of this review detail the wide‐reaching impacts that hierarchy has on healthcare delivery and health workers. The majority of studies spoke to hierarchy's impact on speaking up, that is, how it shaped communication between staff with differential status: not only what was said, but how it had an impact on what was acceptable to say, by whom and at what time. Hierarchy was also noted to have substantial personal costs, impacting on the well‐being of those in less powerful positions. These findings also provide insight into the complex ways in which hierarchy was negotiated, challenged and reproduced. Studies not only detailed the way in which hierarchy was navigated day to day but also spoke to the reasons as to why hierarchy is often entrenched and difficult to shift. A number of studies spoke to the impact that hierarchy had in sustaining gender and ethnic inequalities, maintaining historically discriminatory practices. Importantly, hierarchy should not be reduced to differences between or within the professions in localised contexts but should be considered at a broad organisational level.
Older adults' support from children and loneliness: Roles of social media and partnership status
Authors: Keenoy Jaclyn E. , Ermer Ashley E. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe present study examined the association between positive social support from children and loneliness for older adults and whether social media communication with children moderated this association. We additionally considered the role that partnership status plays in these associations. A structural equation modeling (SEM) framework was used to conduct path modeling and multi‐group modeling on a nationally representative sample of 5480 adult respondents aged 55 and over residing in the United States, using data from the Health and Retirement Study. We found a negative association between positive social support from children and loneliness; this association did not differ based on partnership status. The negative association between lower positive social support from children and loneliness was weakened by higher levels of communication with children through social media, but only for widows. This was stronger for widows who communicated with their children via social media at higher levels. The present study shows how social interactions may differ depending on partnership status. Additionally, this study underscores the role of relationship types (children) in social network structure, and how family roles may differ depending upon partnership status.
Associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy as bridging therapy for liver transplantation in an infant with an advanced hepatic rhabdoid tumor
Authors: Uesato Yasunori , Ono Shinichiro , Kawamata Futoshi , Sakamoto Seisuke , Kuda Masaaki , Kasahara Mureo , Takatsuki Mitsuhisa 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundMalignant rhabdoid tumors (MRTs) are rare, aggressive tumors that mainly affect children and currently lack effective chemotherapeutic regimens. Liver MRTs are particularly challenging to manage due to the difficulty of performing one‐stage liver resection, and preemptive liver transplantation is associated with high recurrence rates. However, the associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy (ALPPS) technique offers a promising surgical approach for advanced‐stage liver tumors where conventional liver resection is not feasible.Case ReportA patient with a large liver rhabdoid tumor that had invaded the three main hepatic veins underwent four courses of cisplatin‐pirarubicin chemotherapy. ALPPS was performed due to insufficient residual liver capacity, with hepatic parenchymal dissection between the anterior and posterior liver zones in the first stage of surgery. After confirming adequate remaining liver volume, the liver was resected except for S1 and S6 on postoperative day 14. LDLT was performed 7 months after ALPPS due to the gradual deterioration of liver function caused by chemotherapy. The patient was recurrence‐free 22 and 15 months after ALPPS and LDLT, respectively.ConclusionsThe ALPPS technique is a curative option for advanced‐stage liver tumors that cannot be managed with conventional liver resection. In this case, ALPPS was used successfully to manage a large liver rhabdoid tumor. Then, liver transplantation was performed after chemotherapy. The ALPPS technique should be considered a potential treatment strategy for patients with advanced‐stage liver tumors, particularly those who can undergo liver transplantation.
Seed coat composition in black and white soybean seeds with differential water permeability
Authors: Vijayan S. S. , Nagarajappa N. , Ranjitha H. P. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The seed coat composition of white (JS 335) and black (Bhatt) soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr) having different water permeability was studied.
Phenols, tannins and proteins were measured, as well as trace elements and metabolites in the seed coats.
The seed coat of Bhatt was impermeable and imposed dormancy, while that of JS 335 was permeable and seeds exhibited imbibitional injury. Bhatt seed coats contained comparatively higher concentrations of phenols, tannins, proteins, Fe and Cu than those of JS 335. Metabolites of seed coats of both genotypes contained 164 compounds, among which only 14 were common to both cultivars, while the remaining 79 and 71 compounds were unique to JS 331 and Bhatt, respectively.
Phenols are the main compounds responsible for seed coat impermeability and accumulate in palisade cells of Bhatt, providing impermeability and strength to the seed coat. JS 335 had more cracked seed coats, mainly due to their lower tannin content. Alkanes, esters, carboxylic acids and alcohols were common to both genotypes, while cyclic thiocarbamate (1.07%), monoterpene alcohols (1.07%), nitric esters (1.07%), phenoxazine (1.07%) and sulphoxide (1.07%) compounds were unique to the JS 335 seed coat, while aldehydes (2.35%), amides (1.17%), azoles (1.17%) and sugar moieties (1.17%) were unique to Bhatt seed coats. This study provides a platform for isolation and understanding of each identified compound for its function in seed coat permeability.