bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Agreement between survey‐ and register‐based measures of depression in Denmark
Authors: Weye Nanna , McGrath John J. , Lasgaard Mathias , Momen Natalie C. , Knudsen Ann Kristin , Musliner Katherine , Plana‐Ripoll Oleguer 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundRegister‐based studies of major depressive disorder (MDD) do not capture all prevalent cases, as untreated cases and diagnoses made by general practitioners are not recorded in the registers. We examined the prevalence and agreement of survey‐ and register‐based measures of depression, and explored sociodemographic and health‐related factors that may have influenced this agreement.MethodsAll 32,407 participants in the 2017 Central Denmark Region How are you? survey were linked to hospital and prescription records. A checklist for depressive symptoms within the last 14 days (Major Depression Inventory; MDI) from the survey was compared with register‐based assessment of hospital‐diagnosed MDD and/or prescriptions for antidepressants. We estimated agreement between survey‐based and register‐based measures for depression and used logistic regression models to explore selected associated factors.ResultsIn total, 5.9% of How are you? survey participants screened positive for current depression on the MDI. Of these, 51.3% (95% confidence interval (CI): 49.0–53.6) filled a prescription for an antidepressant medication during the 10 years prior or 2 years following the administration of the survey, and 14.5% (95% CI: 12.9–16.2) were treated for MDD in a psychiatric hospital‐based setting. When using a higher threshold of the MDI indicating more severe current depression, 22.8% (95% CI: 19.6–26.1) of those who screened positive also received an MDD diagnosis and 63.4% (95% CI: 59.7–67.2) were prescribed antidepressants during this 12‐year period. Among those with current depression, female sex, older age, chronic diseases, hospital‐treated self‐harm, and being permanently outside the workforce were associated with having a register‐based MDD diagnosis or antidepressant prescription. Among those with a register‐based depression record, female sex, younger age, hospital‐treated self‐harm, stress, and severe loneliness were associated with current depression.ConclusionWe found that as few as 15% of individuals with current depression in the general Danish population were captured by the psychiatric hospital register, while 51% of these individuals were identifiable in the prescription register. These findings demonstrate that register‐based measures significantly underestimate the true prevalence of depression by identifying only the cases that are most severe.
Risky alcohol consumption among women in Australia attending breast screening services: an exploratory cross‐sectional study
Authors: Grigg Jasmin , Manning Victoria , Cheetham Ali , Greenwood Christopher J. , Youssef George , Lockie Darren , Bell Robin , Stragalinos Peta , Bernard Chloe , Lubman Dan I. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsAlcohol is a major modifiable risk factor for female breast cancer, with breast cancer risk now associated with substantially lower consumption levels than those previously deemed safe. This study sought to measure risky drinking among women attending breast screening services in Australia according to new national alcohol guidelines and to compare daily, weekly and recent (past 12 months) consumption to Australian gender and age population norms.Design, Setting and ParticipantsThis study was a retrospective analysis of cross‐sectional data from the Lifepool Project (collected October 2011–January 2016) in Victoria, Australia, comprising a convenience sample of women attending breast screening services aged 40+ years.MeasurementsTypical and heavy alcohol consumption patterns over the previous 12 months (frequency, quantity), socio‐demographic (e.g. age, education) and health‐related (e.g. menopause status, breast cancer history) characteristics. Primary outcomes were the proportion of women drinking at a level exceeding new guidelines for weekly and daily alcohol consumption.FindingsOf 49 240 women, mean age was 59.94 years (standard deviation = 7.14, range = 40–94 years). Most women had consumed alcohol during the past 12 months [41 628, 85.48%, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 85.16, 85.79]. One in five women (8464, 18.34%, 95% CI = 17.99, 18.69) were drinking at a level exceeding new national guidelines for weekly consumption (i.e. greater than 10 standard drinks per week), and one in six (7446, 15.60%, 95% CI = 15.28, 15.93) were exceeding new guidelines for consumption on a single day (i.e. greater than four standard drinks on any 1 day, more than once per month). The proportion of women in this sample drinking daily (4.21–11.19%), weekly (34.73–50.71%) and in the past 12 months (74.96–90.81%) was significantly greater among nearly all age groups (by decade), compared with Australian gender and age norms [drinking daily (3.4–9.1%), weekly (27.1–37.6%) and in the past 12 months (64.4–81.9%)].ConclusionsThere appears to be a high prevalence of risky alcohol consumption among a large convenience sample of breast screening service clients in Australia using new national alcohol guidelines introduced in December 2020.
Minero‐petrographic characterization of fine ware from Cales (South Italy)
Authors: Verde Maria , De Bonis Alberto , Renson Virginie , Germinario Chiara , Rispoli Concetta , D'Uva Francesco , Tomeo Antonella , Morra Vincenzo 
Published: April 2023

Abstract79 samples of black glazed pottery, Terra sigillata, fine common ware, and production indicators were recovered in the archaeological site of Cales and investigated via a multi‐analytical program (polarized light microscopy, thermal analyses, XRPD, XRF, FESEM, FESEM‐EDS). Among the materials, finds of important production indicators, represented by welded pieces of black glazed pottery and spacers, attest a local production.Polarized light microscopy shows that the inclusions consist of feldspar, quartz, mica, calcite, and lithic fragments of both volcanic and sedimentary nature. Additional information about the mineralogical assemblage comes from the XRPD that revealed the presence of neoformed Ca‐silicates, indicating equivalent firing temperatures ranging from 750 to 1050°C.All the samples show a Ca‐rich character and an extreme compositional homogeneity, including the production indicators. The comparison with some Ca‐rich Campanian clay raw materials shows a greater affinity with the Mio‐Pliocene marine clay sediments of the Apennine sector, which include local clays. This allowed us to formulate the first hypotheses about clay sources used to produce fine pottery during the third century BCE to the early imperial period in Cales.
Application of population physiologically based pharmacokinetic modelling to optimize target expression and clearance mechanisms of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies
Authors: Reig‐Lopez Javier , Tang Weifeng , Fernandez‐Teruel Carlos , Merino‐Sanjuan Matilde , Mangas‐Sanjuan Victor , Boulton David W. , Sharma Pradeep 
Published: April 2023

AimsTo use population physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PopPBPK) modelling to optimize target expression, kinetics and clearance of HER1/2 directed therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Thus, to propose a general workflow of PopPBPK modelling and its application in clinical pharmacology.MethodsFull PBPK model of pertuzumab (PTZ) was developed in patient population using Simcyp V21R1 incorporating mechanistic targeted‐mediated drug disposition process by fitting known clinical PK and sparse receptor proteomics data to optimize target expression and kinetics of HER2 receptor. Trastuzumab (TTZ) PBPK modelling was used to validate the optimized HER2 target. Additionally, the simulator was also used to develop a full PBPK model for the HER1‐directed mAb cetuximab (CTX) to assess the underlying targeted‐mediated drug disposition‐independent elimination mechanisms.ResultsHER2 final parameterisation coming from the PBPK modelling of PTZ was successfully cross validated through PBPK modelling of TTZ with average fold error (AFE), absolute AFE and percent prediction error values for area under the concentration–time curve (AUC) and maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) of 1.13, 1.16 and 16, and 1.01, 1.07 and 7, respectively. CTX PBPK model performance was validated after the incorporation of an additional systemic clearance of 0.033 L/h as AFE and absolute AFE showed an acceptable predictive power of AUC and Cmax with percent prediction error of 13% for AUC and 10% for Cmax.ConclusionsOptimisation of both system and drug related parameters were performed through PBPK modelling to improve model performance of therapeutic mAbs (PTZ, TTZ and CTX). General workflow was proposed to develop and apply PopPBPK to support clinical development of mAbs targeting same receptor.
Sepsis prevalence and associated hospital admission and mortality after ureteroscopy in employed adults
Authors: Bhojani Naeem , Eisner Brian , Monga Manoj , Paranjpe Rutugandha , Cutone Ben , Chew Ben H. 
Published: April 2023

ObjectiveTo determine 30‐day inpatient mortality, intensive care unit (ICU) admissions, inpatient admissions/readmissions, and yearly trends in sepsis prevalence and inpatient mortality after ureteroscopy (URS) in employed adults.Materials and MethodsWe performed a retrospective analysis of the IBM MarketScan Commercial Database to identify employed adults aged 18–64 years who underwent URS between 2015 and 2019. Patients were categorized as having no sepsis (controls), non‐severe sepsis, or severe sepsis within 30 days of URS. The main outcomes included inpatient mortality, ICU admissions, inpatient admissions, readmissions, and annual rates of sepsis and associated inpatient mortality.ResultsAmong 109 496 patients undergoing URS, 5.6% developed sepsis (4.1% non‐severe, 1.5% severe). The 30‐day inpatient mortality rates were 0.03%, 0.3% and 2.5% for controls, non‐severe sepsis and severe sepsis, respectively (P < 0.001). In a multivariable analysis, diagnosis of sepsis regardless of severity (hazard ratio [HR] 17.2, 95% confidence interval [CI] 10.5–28.1; P < 0.001) or severe sepsis (HR 49.5, 95% CI 28.9–84.7; P < 0.001) increased the risk of 30‐day inpatient mortality compared to no sepsis (controls). ICU admissions on the day of procedure (1.5%, 19.8% and 52.4%), inpatient admission rates (18.3%, 74.9% and 76.9%) and readmission rates (7.1%, 12.0% and 15.9%) were higher with severe sepsis and non‐severe sepsis vs controls (all P < 0.001). During the study period, the prevalence of sepsis after URS increased from 4.7% to 6.6% (P < 0.001), while the associated mortality rate decreased from 0.7% to 0.2% (P < 0.001).ConclusionAmong working adults aged 18–64 years, sepsis after URS increases the risk of 30‐day inpatient mortality, ICU and hospital admission, and hospital readmission. Although the prevalence of sepsis after URS is increasing over time, associated mortality rates are declining. Urologists should be aware of the potentially deadly consequences of sepsis after URS in younger patients.
NanoBiT‐ and NanoBiT/BRET‐based assays allow the analysis of binding kinetics of Wnt‐3a to endogenous Frizzled 7 in a colorectal cancer model
Authors: Grätz Lukas , Sajkowska‐Kozielewicz Joanna J. , Wesslowski Janine , Kinsolving Julia , Bridge Lloyd J. , Petzold Katja , Davidson Gary , Schulte Gunnar , Kozielewicz Paweł 
Published: April 2023

Background and PurposeWnt binding to Frizzleds (FZD) is a crucial step that leads to the initiation of signalling cascades governing multiple processes during embryonic development, stem cell regulation and adult tissue homeostasis. Recent efforts have enabled us to shed light on Wnt–FZD pharmacology using overexpressed HEK293 cells. However, assessing ligand binding at endogenous receptor expression levels is important due to differential binding behaviour in a native environment. Here, we study FZD paralogue, FZD7, and analyse its interactions with Wnt‐3a in live CRISPR‐Cas9‐edited SW480 cells typifying colorectal cancer.Experimental ApproachSW480 cells were CRISPR‐Cas9‐edited to insert a HiBiT tag on the N‐terminus of FZD7, preserving the native signal peptide. These cells were used to study eGFP‐Wnt‐3a association with endogenous and overexpressed HiBiT‐FZD7 using NanoBiT/bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) and NanoBiT to measure ligand binding and receptor internalization.Key ResultsWith this new assay the binding of eGFP‐Wnt‐3a to endogenous HiBiT‐FZD7 was compared with overexpressed receptors. Receptor overexpression results in increased membrane dynamics, leading to an apparent decrease in binding on‐rate and consequently in higher, up to 10 times, calculated Kd. Thus, measurements of binding affinities to FZD7 obtained in overexpressed cells are suboptimal compared with the measurements from endogenously expressing cells.Conclusions and ImplicationsBinding affinity measurements in the overexpressing cells fail to replicate ligand binding affinities assessed in a (patho)physiologically relevant context where receptor expression is lower. Therefore, future studies on Wnt–FZD7 binding should be performed using receptors expressed under endogenous promotion.
Detection of male 2+0 and 1+0 carriers for spinal muscular atrophy by digital PCR
Authors: Gao Shanshan , Wu Dongping , Liu Shuai , Shen Yanlong , Zhao Zhehao , Wang Yanhua , Kong Xiangdong 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSpinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is an autosomal recessive disease with a high carrier frequency. While current screening methods can identify 1+0 carriers, detecting 2+0 genotypes remains challenging, highlighting the need for additional research. Herein, we applied Digital Polymerase Chain Reaction (dPCR) to develop a novel approach for the detection of male carriers (DMC), especially for those with a 2+0 genotype. The clinical utility of DMC was evaluated in 39 semen samples. Multiple ligation‐dependent probe amplification (MLPA) and pedigree analysis were performed on genomic DNA from 111 males and their family members. DMC identified 1+1, 2+1, and 1+0 genotypes in 21, 1, and 8 subjects. Importantly, seven men were identified as 2+0 carriers, while two men were excluded from the 2+0 carrier status. The results of DMC were consistent with those of MLPA and pedigree analysis. DMC provides an inexpensive and accurate method for determining the 2+0 and 1+0 genotypes.
Evaluation of surgical placement accuracy of customized CAD/CAM titanium mesh using screws‐position‐guided template: A retrospective comparative study
Authors: Chen Dan , Zheng Lingling , Wang Chao , Huang Yuanding , Huang Haitao , Apicella Antonio , Hu Guiping , Wang Lizhen , Fan Yubo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundCustomized computer‐aided‐design/computer‐aided‐manufacturing (CAD/CAM) titanium meshes have been adopted for alveolar bone augmentation. But the inaccuracies between planned and created bone volume/contour are quite common, and the surgical placement of the customized mesh was considered as the first critical factor. However, the evaluation of surgical placement accuracy of customized mesh is currently lacking.PurposeThe aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of the surgical placement of customized meshes.MethodsA total of 30 cases, 20 without the screws‐position‐guided template and 10 with the screws‐position‐guided template, were included in this study. The cone beam CT (CBCT) data sets of pre‐ and postoperative were converted into 3D models and digitally aligned. Then the actual placement of customized mesh and retainer titanium screws was compared to the virtual one to assess the surgical placement accuracy of customized mesh. At least 6 months after surgery, a new CBCT was taken and converted into 3D models. Planned bone volume, created bone volume, vertical bone augmentation, healing complications rate, pseudo‐periosteum rate, exposure rate, and infection rate were all evaluated.ResultsThe 3D digital reconstruction/registration analysis showed that the average difference between actual placement and planned one of customized mesh in positive and negative directions was 2.69 ± 0.70 mm and −1.41 ± 0.90 mm, respectively, without the screws‐position‐guided template. And the mean difference values between the actual and planned placement of the screws on the X and Y axes were 0.74 ± 0.85 mm and 0.89 ± 0.84 mm. In contrast, with the screws‐position‐guided template, the results were 2.38 ± 0.69 mm and −1.30 ± 1.13 mm. Accordingly, the mean difference values of screws were 0.76 ± 0.84 mm and 0.94 ± 0.72 mm. There was no statistical difference between the two groups, and the noninferiority of the control group compared to the test group was also confirmed by the comparative analysis.ConclusionIt can be concluded that there is a certain deviation between the planned surgical placement and actual one of customized mesh, and using screws‐position‐guided template is of limited help for its accurate placement. Further research is needed to achieve precise surgical placement of the customized mesh to achieve precise alveolar bone augmentation.
LRH‐1 activation alleviates diabetes‐induced podocyte injury by promoting GLS2‐mediated glutaminolysis
Authors: Hu Jijia , Zhang Zongwei , Hu Hongtu , Yang Keju , Zhu Zijing , Yang Qian , Liang Wei 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAlteration of metabolic phenotype in podocytes directly contributes to the development of albuminuria and renal injury in conditions of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). This study aimed to identify and evaluate liver receptor homologue‐1 (LRH‐1) as a possible therapeutic target that alleviates glutamine (Gln) metabolism disorders and mitigates podocyte injury in DKD. Metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses were performed to characterize amino acid metabolism changes in the glomeruli of diabetic mice. Next, Western blotting, immunohistochemistry assays, and immunofluorescence staining were used to detect the expression of different genes in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, Gln and glutamate (Glu) content as well as ATP generation were examined. A decrease in LRH‐1 and glutaminase 2 (GLS2) expression was detected in diabetic podocytes. Conversely, the administration of LRH‐1 agonist (DLPC) upregulated the expression of GLS2 and promoted glutaminolysis, with an improvement in mitochondrial dysfunction and less apoptosis in podocytes compared to those in vehicle‐treated db/db mice. Our study indicates the essential role of LRH‐1 in governing the Gln metabolism of podocytes, targeting LRH‐1 could restore podocytes from diabetes‐induced disturbed glutaminolysis in mitochondria.
EWSR1::NR4A3 gene fusion in a cutaneous atypical myoepithelial neoplasm
Authors: Scholl Ashley Rose , Kliassov Evelyna , Cardona Diana M. , Bentley Rex , Al‐Rohil Rami N. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMyoepithelial neoplasms of the skin and soft tissue are rare and share histopathologic features with their salivary gland counterpart. We present a case of an atypical myoepithelial neoplasm from the back of a 72‐year‐old female. This lesion harbored an EWSR1::NR4A3 gene fusion, a genetic signature characteristically seen in extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma. To our knowledge, this is a unique case of an atypical cutaneous myoepithelial neoplasm harboring EWSR1::NR4A3 fusion.
Causal inference and large‐scale expert validation shed light on the drivers of SDM accuracy and variance
Authors: Boyd Robin J. , Harvey Martin , Roy David B. , Barber Tony , Haysom Karen A. , Macadam Craig R. , Morris Roger K. A. , Palmer Carolyn , Palmer Stephen , Preston Chris D. , Taylor Pam , Ward Robert , Ball Stuart G. , Pescott Oliver L. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAimTo develop a causal understanding of the drivers of Species distribution model (SDM) performance.LocationUnited Kingdom (UK).MethodsWe measured the accuracy and variance of SDMs fitted for 518 species of invertebrate and plant in the UK. Our measure of variance reflects variation among replicate model fits, and taxon experts assessed model accuracy. Using directed acyclic graphs, we developed a causal model depicting plausible effects of explanatory variables (e.g. species' prevalence, sample size) on SDM accuracy and variance and quantified those effects using a multilevel piecewise path model.ResultsAccording to our model, sample size and niche completeness (proportion of a species' niche covered by sampling) directly affect SDM accuracy and variance. Prevalence and range completeness have indirect effects mediated by sample size. Challenging conventional wisdom, we found that the effect of prevalence on SDM accuracy is positive. This reflects the facts that sample size has a positive effect on accuracy and larger sample sizes are possible for widespread species. It is possible, however, that the omission of an unobserved confounder biased this effect. Previous studies, which reported negative correlations between prevalence and SDM accuracy, conditioned on sample size.Main conclusionsOur model explicates the causal basis of previously reported correlations between SDM performance and species/data characteristics. It also suggests that niche completeness has similarly large effects on SDM accuracy and variance as sample size. Analysts should consider niche completeness, or proxies thereof, in addition to sample size when deciding whether modelling is worthwhile.
Sintering and characterization of in situ formed porous cordierite ceramics with nano boehmite additions
Authors: Mansour T. S. , Wahsh M. M. S. , Othman A. G. M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn this study, we investigated the effect of sintering temperature and nano boehmite additions on the phase composition, densification, and mechanical properties of porous cordierite ceramics. Ceramic samples were sintered at temperatures ranging from 1200 to 1400°C. Carbon powder was used as a pore forming agent to improve the porosity of the ceramic structure. Nano boehmite and carbon additions significantly enhanced ceramic porosity and average pore size in sintered samples. The bulk density and apparent porosity of the sintered samples were found to be 0.96–1.53 g/cm3 and 42.3%–65.6%, respectively. Sintered samples had cold crushing strengths of 1.5–14.3 MPa. The microstructure obtained by scanning electron microscopy was used to measure average pore size in sintered samples and was found to be 41.93 µm for stoichiometric composition (SC), 67.72 µm for SC and nano boehmite, and 102.98 µm for SC, nano boehmite, and carbon. The microstructure of the sintered samples revealed that the crystallinity of the in situ formed phases increased with the increase in nano boehmite additions.
Inventions on keeping properties and non‐reactive ingredients in chemical leavening
Authors: Gélinas Pierre 
Published: April 2023

SummaryBakery foods may be leavened by gas originating from the reaction of specific ingredients in chemical leavening or so‐called baking powder. The latter contains alkaline‐ and acid‐reacting compounds that are activated when water is added to make the dough. Care should be taken to prevent premature cross‐reaction of active ingredients. The aim of this study was to review keeping properties and non‐reactive ingredients in chemical leavening. Information was mainly found in 160 patents, not in the scientific literature. Inventors proposed neutral fillers, anticaking agents and household packaging to control moisture absorption in powders. Chemical leavening carried dough processing aids, nutrients and flavour improvers. Miscellaneous coating materials were introduced to delay gas production in dough refrigerated over prolonged periods. Neutral fillers like corn starch and, more recently, coatings for leavening acids were the most popular solutions for extending the shelf‐life of chemical leavening.