bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Species diversity and spatial distribution of pelagic amphipods in Terra Nova Bay (Ross Sea, Southern Ocean)
Authors: Minutoli Roberta , Bergamasco Alessandro , Guglielmo Letterio , Swadling Kerrie M. , Bergamasco Andrea , Veneziano Francesca , Geraci Andrea , Granata Antonia 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA greater understanding of biodiversity and the roles of various species involved in Southern Ocean pelagic food webs is needed to predict and hypothesize about responses to future scenarios in relation to climate changes. The aim of this paper was to describe for the first time the composition, relative abundance, spatial distribution and relation with water masses of pelagic amphipods in Terra Nova Bay, Ross Sea, based on stratified sampling. Zooplankton was collected by BIONESS (Bedford Institute of Oceanography Net Environmental Sampling System), during the 1987–1988 Italian Antarctic R/V Polar Queen Expedition. A total of 1331 specimens of pelagic amphipods was counted and 17 species belonging to nine families were identified. Significantly relative higher abundances were related to Modified Circumpolar Deep Water (MCDW) in the upper layer than modified Ross Sea Shelf Water (RSSW) and High Salinity Shelf Water (HSSW). Hyperiella dilatata was the most abundant species (48% of relative abundance), followed by Pseudorchomene plebs (14%), Hyperia macrocephala (8%) and Hyperiella macronyx (6%). Hyperiella dilatata was distributed widely across the study area and showed a link with Antarctic Surface Waters (AASW) and MCDW. Hyperiella macronyx and Pseudorchomene rossi were also distributed widely though were much lower in abundance. Hyperia macrocephala were high in abundance though had a narrow distribution that was linked with AASW. The vertical distributions showed variable patterns for adult and juvenile specimens. This study represents a knowledge base against which to compare more recent studies to highlight any structural changes attributable to ongoing climate change in the Terra Nova Bay and Ross Sea ecosystems.
Reducing honeycomb-generated turbulence with a passive grid
Authors: Schipper N. R. M. , Kuerten J. G. M. , Zeegers J. C. H. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Honeycombs are widely used to laminarize fluid streams by inhibiting the lateral components of the fluctuating velocity. However, they also produce additional turbulence by themselves due to the formation of large-scale instabilities and the breakup of the individual velocity profiles stemming from the honeycomb cells. In the present research, we use 2D-planar particle image velocimetry to study how honeycomb-generated turbulence is affected by a downstream grid. It is found that placing a grid near the honeycomb discharge drastically enhances flow uniformity by separating the strong jets stemming from the individual honeycomb cells into many smaller jets that are much more rapidly dissipated. The results show that using a grid reduces the integral length scale by up to a factor 10, and the axial and lateral energy spectra reveal that the grid primarily limits the energy contained in eddies with lower wave numbers. Furthermore, the grid can reduce the magnitude of peak turbulence intensity by as much as 95% and leads to a large reduction of the correlation length, as long as it is positioned upstream of the onset of the large-scale honeycomb-induced instabilities. A downstream grid is highly beneficial for both a laminar and turbulent honeycomb discharge and is most effective when there is a slight offset between the grid and honeycomb. Even though longer honeycombs generally produce more turbulence than short ones due to the larger length-scale of the shear layers, these effects are almost entirely decoupled when using a honeycomb-grid combination. Finally, a honeycomb-grid combination effectively inhibits both axial and lateral turbulence.

Graphic abstract
Failure rates in surgical treatment in adults with bacterial arthritis of a native joint: a systematic review of 8,586 native joints
Authors: Walinga Alex B. , Stornebrink Tobias , Emanuel Kaj S. , Kievit Arthur J. , Janssen Stein J. , Kerkhoffs Gino M. M. J. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Introduction

Most adult cases of bacterial–septic–arthritis of a native joint are effectively managed with a single surgical debridement, but some cases may require more than one debridement to control the infection. Consequently, this study assessed the failure rate of a single surgical debridement in adults with bacterial arthritis of a native joint. Additionally, risk factors for failure were assessed.

Materials and Methods

The review protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42021243460) before data collection and conducted in line with the ‘Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses’ (PRISMA) guidelines. Multiple libraries were systematically searched to identify articles including patients reporting on the incidence of failure (i.e. persistence of infection requiring reoperation) of the treatment of bacterial arthritis. The quality of individual evidence were assessed using the Quality in Prognosis Studies (QUIPS) tool. Failure rates were extracted from included studies and pooled. Risk factors for failure were extracted and grouped. Moreover, we evaluated which risk factors were significantly associated with failure.

Results

Thirty studies (8,586 native joints) were included in the final analysis. The overall pooled failure rate was 26% (95% CI 20 to 32%). The failure rate of arthroscopy and arthrotomy was 26% (95% CI 19 to 34%) and 24% (95% CI 17 to 33%), respectively. Seventy-nine potential risk factors were extracted and grouped. Moderate evidence was found for one risk factor (synovial white blood cell count), and limited evidence was found for five risk factors (i.e. sepsis, large joint infection, the volume of irrigation, blood urea nitrogen-test, and blood urea nitrogen/creatinine ratio).

Conclusion
A single surgical debridement fails to control bacterial arthritis of a native joint in approximately a quarter of all adult cases. Limited to moderate evidence exists that risk factors associated with failure are: synovial white blood cell count, sepsis, large joint infection, and the volume of irrigation. These factors should urge physicians to be especially receptive to signs of an adverse clinical course.
Muscle hypertrophy and neuroplasticity in the small bowel in short bowel syndrome
Authors: Khasanov Rasul , Svoboda Daniel , Tapia-Laliena María Ángeles , Kohl Martina , Maas-Omlor Silke , Hagl Cornelia Irene , Wessel Lucas M. , Schäfer Karl-Herbert 
Published: July 2023

AbstractShort bowel syndrome (SBS) is a severe, life-threatening condition and one of the leading causes of intestinal failure in children. Here we were interested in changes in muscle layers and especially in the myenteric plexus of the enteric nervous system (ENS) of the small bowel in the context of intestinal adaptation. Twelve rats underwent a massive resection of the small intestine to induce SBS. Sham laparotomy without small bowel transection was performed in 10 rats. Two weeks after surgery, the remaining jejunum and ileum were harvested and studied. Samples of human small bowel were obtained from patients who underwent resection of small bowel segments due to a medical indication. Morphological changes in the muscle layers and the expression of nestin, a marker for neuronal plasticity, were studied. Following SBS, muscle tissue increases significantly in both parts of the small bowel, i.e., jejunum and ileum. The leading pathophysiological mechanism of these changes is hypertrophy. Additionally, we observed an increased nestin expression in the myenteric plexus in the remaining bowel with SBS. Our human data also showed that in patients with SBS, the proportion of stem cells in the myenteric plexus had risen by more than twofold. Our findings suggest that the ENS is tightly connected to changes in intestinal muscle layers and is critically involved in the process of intestinal adaptation to SBS.
What is the optimal classical style sub-technique during uphill roller skiing in elite male cross-country skiers?
Authors: Lund-Hansen Magne , Gløersen Øyvind , Rud Bjarne , Losnegard Thomas 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To compare performance, physiological and biomechanical responses between double poling (DP) and diagonal stride (DIA) during treadmill roller skiing in elite male cross-country skiers.

Method
Twelve skiers (VO2peak DIAup; 74.7 ± 3.7 ml kg−1 min−1) performed two DP conditions at 1° (DPflat) and 8° (DPup) incline, and one DIA condition, 8° (DIAup). Submaximal gross efficiency (GE) and maximal 3.5 min time-trial (TT) performance, including measurements of VO2peak and maximal accumulated O2-deficit (MAOD), were determined. Temporal patterns and kinematics were assessed using 2D video, while pole kinetics were obtained from pole force.

Results
DIAup induced (mean, [95% confidence interval]) 13% [4, 22] better 3.5-min TT performance, 7%, [5, 10]) higher VO2peak and 3% points [1, 5] higher GE compared to DPup (all P < 0.05). DPup induced 120% higher MAOD compared to DPflat, while no significant differences were observed for VO2peak or GE between DPflat and DPup. There was a large correlation between performance and GE in DP and a large correlation between performance and VO2peak for DIAup (all r = 0.7–0.8, P < 0.05). No correlations were found between performance and VO2peak for any of the DP conditions, nor between performance and GE for DIAup (r = 0.0–0.2, P > 0.1).

Conclusion
At 8º uphill roller skiing, DIAup induce higher VO2peak, GE, and superior time-trial performance than DPup in elite male skiers. There was no difference between VO2peak or GE between DPflat and DPup. A large correlation was observed between DIAup performance and DIAupVO2peak, while DP performance was best correlated to submaximal GE.
Peroperative administration of tranexamic acid in sleeve gastrectomy to reduce hemorrhage: a double-blind randomized controlled trial
Authors: ‘t Hart J. W. H. , Noordman B. J. , Wijnand J. M. A. , Biter L. U. , Verbrugge S. J. C. , Birnie E. , Dunkelgrun M. , Huisbrink J. , Apers J. A. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Introduction
In metabolic surgery, hemorrhage is the most common major complication. This study investigated whether peroperative administration of tranexamic acid (TXA) reduced the risk of hemorrhage in patients undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (SG).

Methods
In this double-blind randomized controlled trial, patients undergoing primary SG in a high-volume bariatric hospital were randomized (1:1) to receive 1500-mg TXA or placebo peroperatively. Primary outcome measure was peroperative staple line reinforcement using hemostatic clips. Secondary outcome measures were peroperative fibrin sealant use and blood loss, postoperative hemoglobin, heart rate, pain, major and minor complications, length of hospital stay (LOS), side effects of TXA (i.e., venous thrombotic event (VTE)) and mortality.

Results
In total, 101 patients were analyzed and received TXA (n = 49) or placebo (n = 52). There was no statistically significant difference in hemostatic clip devices used in both groups (69% versus 83%, p = 0.161). TXA administration showed significant positive changes in hemoglobin levels (millimoles per Liter; 0.55 versus 0.80, p = 0.013), in heart rate (beats per minute; -4.6 versus 2.5; p = 0.013), in minor complications (Clavien–Dindo ≤ 2, 2.0% versus 17.3%, p = 0.016), and in mean LOS (hours; 30.8 versus 36.7, p = 0.013). One patient in the placebo-group underwent radiological intervention for postoperative hemorrhage. No VTE or mortality was reported.

Conclusion
This study did not demonstrate a statistically significant difference in use of hemostatic clip devices and major complications after peroperative administration of TXA. However, TXA seems to have positive effects on clinical parameters, minor complications, and LOS in patients undergoing SG, without increasing the risk of VTE. Larger studies are needed to investigate the effect of TXA on postoperative major complications.

Graphical abstract
Advances and potential of regenerative medicine in pediatric nephrology
Authors: Slaats Gisela G. , Chen Junyu , Levtchenko Elena , Verhaar Marianne C. , Arcolino Fanny Oliveira 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe endogenous capacity of the kidney to repair is limited, and generation of new nephrons after injury for adequate function recovery remains a need. Discovery of factors that promote the endogenous regenerative capacity of the injured kidney or generation of transplantable kidney tissue represent promising therapeutic strategies. While several encouraging results are obtained after administration of stem or progenitor cells, stem cell secretome, or extracellular vesicles in experimental kidney injury models, very little data exist in the clinical setting to make conclusions about their efficacy. In this review, we provide an overview of the cutting-edge knowledge on kidney regeneration, including pre-clinical methodologies used to elucidate regenerative pathways and describe the perspectives of regenerative medicine for kidney patients.
The Norwegian degenerative spondylolisthesis and spinal stenosis (NORDSTEN) study: study overview, organization structure and study population
Authors: Indrekvam Kari , Bånerud Ingrid Fjeldheim , Hermansen Erland , Austevoll Ivar Magne , Rekeland Frode , Guddal Maren Hjelle , Solberg Tore K. , Brox Jens Ivar , Hellum Christian , Storheim Kjersti 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To provide an overview of the The Norwegian Degenerative spondylolisthesis and spinal stenosis (NORDSTEN)-study and the organizational structure, and to evaluate the study population.

Methods
The NORDSTEN is a multicentre study with 10 year follow-up, conducted at 18 public hospitals. NORDSTEN includes three studies: (1) The randomized spinal stenosis trial comparing the impact of three different decompression techniques; (2) the randomized degenerative spondylolisthesis trial investigating whether decompression surgery alone is as good as decompression with instrumented fusion; (3) the observational cohort tracking the natural course of LSS in patients without planned surgical treatment. A range of clinical and radiological data are collected at defined time points. To administer, guide, monitor and assist the surgical units and the researchers involved, the NORDSTEN national project organization was established.
Corresponding clinical data from the Norwegian Registry for Spine Surgery (NORspine) were used to assess if the randomized NORDSTEN-population at baseline was representative for LSS patients treated in routine surgical practice.

Results
A total of 988 LSS patients with or without spondylolistheses were included from 2014 to 2018. The clinical trials did not find any difference in the efficacy of the surgical methods evaluated. The NORDSTEN patients were similar to those being consecutively operated at the same hospitals and reported to the NORspine during the same time period.

Conclusion
The NORDSTEN study provides opportunity to investigate clinical course of LSS with or without surgical interventions. The NORDSTEN-study population were similar to LSS patients treated in routine surgical practice, supporting the external validity of previously published results.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov; NCT02007083 10/12/2013, NCT02051374 31/01/2014 and NCT03562936 20/06/2018.
Baryon Anticorrelations in PYTHIA
Authors: Demazure Noe , González Sebastián V. , Llanes-Estrada Felipe J. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe present a computational investigation of a problem of hadron collisions from recent years, that of baryon anticorrelations. This is an experimental dearth of baryons near other baryons in phase space, not seen upon examining numerical Monte Carlo simulations. We have addressed one of the best known Monte Carlo codes, , to see what baryon (anti)correlations it produces, where they are originated at the string-fragmentation level in the underlying Lund model, and what simple modifications could lead to better agreement with data. We propose two ad-hoc alterations of the fragmentation code, a “one-baryon” and an “always-baryon” policies that qualitatively reproduce the data behaviour, i.e anticorrelation, and suggest that lacking Pauli-principle induced corrections at the quark level could be the culprit behind the current disagreement between computations and experiment.
Knowledge mapping of COVID-19 and autoimmune diseases: a visual and bibliometric analysis
Authors: Zhang Youao , Jia Zixuan , Xia Xu , Wang Jieyan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Many studies have shown an association between COVID-19 and autoimmune diseases (ADs). Studies on COVID-19 and ADs have also increased significantly, but there is no bibliometric analysis to summarize the association between COVID-19 and ADs. The purpose of this study was to perform a bibliometric and visual analysis of published studies related to COVID-19 and ADs.

Methods
Based on the Web of Science Core Collection SCI-Expanded database, we utilize Excel 2019 and visualization analysis tools Co-Occurrence13.2 (COOC13.2), VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and HistCite for analysis.

Results
A total of 1736 related kinds of papers were included, and the number of papers presented an overall increasing trend. The country/region with the most publications is the USA, the institution is the Harvard Medical School, the author is Yehuda Shoenfeld from Israel, and the journal is Frontiers in Immunology. Research hotspots include immune responses (such as cytokines storm), multisystem ADs (such as systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, and multiple sclerosis), treatment modalities (such as hydroxychloroquine, rituximab), vaccination and autoimmune mechanisms (such as autoantibodies, molecular mimicry). The future research direction may be the mechanisms and treatment ideas of the association between ADs and COVID-19 (such as NF-κB, hyperinflammation, antiphospholipid antibodies, neutrophil extracellular traps, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor), other cross-diseases of COVID-19 and ADs (such as inflammatory bowel disease, chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis, acute respiratory distress syndrome).

Conclusion
The growth rate of publications regarding ADs and COVID-19 has risen sharply. Our research results can help researchers grasp the current status of ADs and COVID-19 research and find new research directions in the future.
The molecular composition of humic substances extracted from green composts and their potential for soil remediation
Authors: Stancampiano Lavinia M. , Verrillo Mariavittoria , Cangemi Silvana , Meignant Ilwan , Spaccini Riccardo , Piccolo Alessandro , Bridoux Maxime C. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractHumic substances play empirically several essential functions in biogeochemical cycles such as storage of carbon, pollutants, nutrients and water, yet the underlying mechanisms remain poorly known because their precise molecular structure is largely unknown so far. Here, we extracted humic substances from biomass waste of bell pepper, fennel, artichoke, coffee ground, coffee husks, and nursery residues. We analyzed humic extracts by ultra-high resolution Orbitrap Fusion Lumos Tribrid 1 M mass spectrometry, using both positive photoionization and negative electrospray ionization modes, and by 13C cross polarization/magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. We identified 5000–7000 unique organic compounds in humic substances by integrating photoionization with electrospray ionization. The chemical distribution of all components was depicted by nuclear magnetic resonance. Humic substances from green composts are composed by a wide variety of hydrophilic and hydrophobic moieties, thus providing the required biosurfactant properties for effective soil washing capacities, with carboxyl-rich alicyclic molecules, fatty acids, and phenolic acids as major constituents. Overall, our findings provide a major insight in the molecular structure of humic substances, thus opening research on mechanisms ruling the origin, fate and behavior of humic substances.
Design and implementation of symbolic algorithms for the computation of generalized asymptotes
Authors: Fernández de Sevilla Marián , Magdalena Benedicto Rafael , Pérez-Díaz Sonia 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn this paper we present two algorithms for computing the g-asymptotes or generalized asymptotes, of a plane algebraic curve, $$\mathscr {C}$$
C
, implicitly or parametrically defined. The asymptotes of a curve $$\mathscr {C}$$
C
reflect the status of $$\mathscr {C}$$
C
at points with sufficiently large coordinates. It is well known that an asymptote of a curve $$\mathscr {C}$$
C
is a line such that the distance between $$\mathscr {C}$$
C
and the line approaches zero as they tend to infinity. However, a curve $$\mathscr {C}$$
C
may have more general curves than lines describing the status of $$\mathscr {C}$$
C
at infinity. These curves are known as g-asymptotes or generalized asymptotes. The pseudocodes of these algorithms are presented, as well as the corresponding implementations. For this purpose, we use the algebra software . A comparative analysis of the algorithms is carried out, based on some properties of the input curves and their results to analyze the efficiency of the algorithms and to establish comparative criteria. The results presented in this paper are a starting point to generalize this study to surfaces or to curves defined by a non-rational parametrization, as well as to improve the efficiency of the algorithms. Additionally, the methods developed can provide a new and different approach in prediction (regression) or classification algorithms in the machine learning field.
Deep convolutional Ritz method: parametric PDE surrogates without labeled data
Authors: Fuhg J. N. , Karmarkar A. , Kadeethum T. , Yoon H. , Bouklas N. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe parametric surrogate models for partial differential equations (PDEs) are a necessary component for many applications in computational sciences, and the convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have proven to be an excellent tool to generate these surrogates when parametric fields are present. CNNs are commonly trained on labeled data based on one-to-one sets of parameter-input and PDE-output fields. Recently, residual-based deep convolutional physics-informed neural network (DCPINN) solvers for parametric PDEs have been proposed to build surrogates without the need for labeled data. These allow for the generation of surrogates without an expensive offline-phase. In this work, we present an alternative formulation termed deep convolutional Ritz method (DCRM) as a parametric PDE solver. The approach is based on the minimization of energy functionals, which lowers the order of the differential operators compared to residual-based methods. Based on studies involving the Poisson equation with a spatially parameterized source term and boundary conditions, we find that CNNs trained on labeled data outperform DCPINNs in convergence speed and generalization abilities. The surrogates generated from the DCRM, however, converge significantly faster than their DCPINN counterparts, and prove to generalize faster and better than the surrogates obtained from both CNNs trained on labeled data and DCPINNs. This hints that the DCRM could make PDE solution surrogates trained without labeled data possibly.