bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Magnitude and factors associated with birth preparedness and complication readiness among pregnant women in Wolaita Zone, Ethiopia
Authors: Tariku Tesfahun , Asres Abiyot Wolie , Samuel Serawit , Berheto Tezera Moshago , Kassa Yebeltal 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the magnitude and factors associated with birth preparedness and complication readiness (BPCR) among pregnant women in Humbo district, Wolaita Zone, Ethiopia.MethodsA community‐based cross‐sectional study was conducted from August 1 to 30, 2020. A total of 506 pregnant women were randomly selected and interviewed using a questionnaire. Data were entered using EpiData version 4.6.0, and analysis was made using SPSS version 24. An adjusted odds ratio (aOR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated.ResultsThe magnitude of BPCR in the Humbo district was 26.0%. The odds of being prepared for birth and its complications were higher among women who had a history of obstetric complications (aOR 2.77; 95% CI 1.18–6.52), participated in pregnant women's conferences (aOR 3.84; 95% CI 2.13–6.93), received advice on BPCR (aOR 2.39; 95% CI 1.36–4.22), and were knowledgeable on labor and childbirth danger signs (aOR 2.64; 95% CI 1.55–4.49).ConclusionThe magnitude of birth preparedness and complication readiness was low in the study area. The healthcare provider should encourage the women to participate in conferences and provide continuous counseling during their prenatal care visits.
Fully automated radiosynthesis of [18F]mG4P027 for mGluR4 imaging
Authors: Moon Sung‐Hyun , El Fakhri Georges , Zhang Zhaoda , Brownell Anna‐Liisa , Wang Junfeng 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundFluorine‐18 labeled N‐(4‐chloro‐3‐(((fluoro‐18F)methyl‐d2)thio)phenyl)picolinamide, [18F]mG4P027, is a potent positron emission tomography (PET) radiotracer for mGluR4. Our previous in vitro and in vivo evaluations have demonstrated that this tracer is promising for further translational studies. However, automated radiosynthesis process poses significant challenges that need to be addressed.MethodsThe automated radiosynthesis was performed using the TRACERlab FX2N module, which comprises two distinct reactors capable of accommodating the two‐step reactions. Several problem‐solving strategies were employed to overcome challenges during the automation process. This included modifications to the reaction solvents, reaction conditions, use of a scavenger, drying methods, and the handling of the precursor.ResultsThe use of n‐Bu4NN3 for scavenging excess compound 1 along with an efficient drying procedure played a key role in the success of the radiosynthesis. The water was successfully removed by using a different duct to overcome the water sensitivity for the second reaction.ConclusionsSignificant modifications were made to the manual process by carefully examining this process and addressing the root causes of the challenges associated with its automation. We successfully implemented automated radiosynthesis using the TRACERlab FX2N module and consequently, obtained a high‐purity radiolabeled [18F]mG4P027 in high yield, meeting the requirements for future human studies.
Examining resurgence in rats following expanded‐operant treatments
Authors: Nist Anthony N. , Shahan Timothy A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractResurgence of previously reinforced behavior represents a challenge to otherwise successful interventions based on differential reinforcement of alternative behavior (DRA). Expanded‐operant treatments seek to increase the number of functional alternative behaviors through DRA, thereby potentially mitigating resurgence. However, the few studies that have directly examined these methods as a tool for resurgence mitigation have provided limited and unclear results. Thus, the present experiments were designed to investigate the effect of expanded‐operant DRA methods on resurgence of previously reinforced behavior using rat subjects. In two experiments, following a baseline phase in which a target response was trained, groups of rats experienced concurrent (i.e., five simultaneous alternative responses), serial (i.e., five sequentially available alternative responses), or single DRA interventions arranging similar rates of alternative reinforcement in order to examine potential differences in resurgence. Both experiments showed that neither serial nor concurrent DRA expanded‐operant treatments reduced resurgence compared with single DRA regardless of whether stimuli associated with previously reinforced alternative responses were removed (Experiment 1) or remained present (Experiment 2) for the serial‐DRA group. Further, a primacy effect in resurgence was obtained for the serial‐DRA group in both experiments. Overall, these results suggest that expanded‐operant treatments may not help to reduce resurgence.
Belonging as a gateway for learning: First‐year engineering students' characterizations of factors that promote and detract from sense of belonging in a pandemic
Authors: Buckley J. B. , Robinson B. S. , Tretter T. R. , Biesecker C. , Hammond A. N. , Thompson A. K. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundA predictor of student success, sense of belonging (SB) is often inhibited for minoritized students in engineering environments and difficult to foster in online courses. A shift to remote learning formats necessitated by COVID‐19, therefore, posed an additive threat to SB for engineering first‐year students, especially those with minoritized identities. Research is needed to understand impacts of online learning to SB for engineering students.Purpose Hypothesis(es)The study examined factors that promoted or detracted from SB in engineering in remote courses and ways in which identity related to SB.Design MethodPart of a larger mixed‐methods study, this article examines focus group data from 31 first‐year engineering students in 2020 to characterize student experiences in engineering courses moved online during COVID‐19.ResultsIn addition to the mutually reinforcing nature of SB and learning, findings reveal that the major factors of (a) peer interactions, (b) instructor behavior and course design, (c) environmental identity cues, and (d) personal and psychological factors influenced SB. Examples of factors that positively contributed to SB in remote‐delivery courses included platforms for open communication with peers, “live” ability to ask complex questions, and a critical mass of peers of similar identity; example factors hindering SB included limited use of cameras in synchronous classes, elitist peer interactions, instructor focus on academic performance (vs. growth), and feelings of self‐doubt.ConclusionsBoth identity and COVID‐19 impacted SB for students, with results showing four pathways to support SB and learning for diverse students in engineering across course formats.
Excess filaggrin in keratinocytes is removed by extracellular vesicles to prevent premature death and this mechanism can be hijacked by Staphylococcus aureus in a TLR2‐dependent fashion
Authors: Kobiela Adrian , Hovhannisyan Lilit , Jurkowska Paulina , de la Serna Jorge Bernardino , Bogucka Aleksandra , Deptuła Milena , Paul Argho Aninda , Panek Kinga , Czechowska Ewa , Rychłowski Michał , Królicka Aleksandra , Zieliński Jacek , Gabrielsson Susanne , Pikuła Michał , Trzeciak Magdalena , Ogg Graham S , Gutowska‐Owsiak Danuta 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFilaggrin (FLG) protein is indispensable for multiple aspects of the epidermal barrier function but its accumulation in a monomeric filaggrin form may initiate premature keratinocytes death; it is unclear how filaggrin levels are controlled before the formation of storing keratohyalin granules. Here we show that keratinocyte‐secreted small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) may contain filaggrin‐related cargo providing a route of eliminating excess filaggrin from keratinocytes; blocking of sEV release has cytotoxic effects on those cells. Filaggrin‐containing sEVs are found in plasma in both healthy individuals and atopic dermatitis patients. Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) enhances packaging and secretion of filaggrin‐relevant products within the sEVs for enhanced export via a TLR2‐mediated mechanism which is also linked to the ubiquitination process. This filaggrin removal system, preventing premature keratinocyte death and epidermal barrier dysfunction, is exploited by S. aureus which promotes filaggrin elimination from the skin that could help safeguard bacterial growth.
Serum D‐2‐hydroxyglutarate and the ratio of D‐2HG/L‐2HG predict IDH mutation in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Zhang Chelsea , Chu Andrew , Boriack Richard , Collins Robert , Xu Jing , Oliver Dwight , Zheng Ruifang , Rakheja Dinesh , Chen Weina 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study investigates whether serum D‐2HG (D‐2‐hydroxyglutarate) produced by the mutated isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) can predict IDH mutations in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) at diagnosis. D‐2HG and L‐2HG are measured by liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry. D‐2HG, total 2HG and the D/L ratio (D‐2HG/L‐2HG) are significantly higher in IDHmutated cases than in IDHwild cases. The optimal cutoff values to predict IDH mutations at 100% sensitivity (specificity 91%–94%) are >588 ng/mL for D‐2HG and >2.33 for the D/L ratio. Our study indicates that elevated serum D‐2HG and the D/L ratio may serve as noninvasive biomarkers of IDH mutation in AML.
Impart: findings from a prison‐based model of HIV assisted partner notification in Indonesia
Authors: Culbert Gabriel J. , Levy Judith A. , Steffen Alana D. , Waluyo Agung , Earnshaw Valerie A. , Rahadi Arie 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroductionAssisted partner notification (APN) safely and effectively increases partner awareness of HIV exposure, testing and case identification in community settings. Nonetheless, it has not been specifically developed or evaluated for use in prison settings where people with HIV often are diagnosed and may have difficulty contacting or otherwise notifying partners. We developed Impart, a prison‐based APN model, and evaluated its efficacy in Indonesia to increase partner notification and HIV testing.MethodsFrom January 2020 to January 2021, 55 incarcerated men with HIV were recruited as index participants from six jail and prison facilities in Jakarta in a two‐group randomized trial comparing the outcomes of self‐tell notification (treatment as usual) versus Impart APN in increasing partner notification and HIV testing. Participants voluntarily provided names and contact information for sex and drug‐injection partners in the community with whom they had shared possible HIV exposure during the year prior to incarceration. Participants randomized to the self‐tell only condition were coached in how to notify their partners by phone, mail or during an in‐person visit within 6 weeks. Participants randomized to Impart APN could choose between self‐tell notification or anonymous APN by a two‐person team consisting of a nurse and outreach worker. We compared the proportion of partners in each group who were notified of exposure by the end of 6 weeks, subsequently tested and HIV diagnosed.ResultsIndex participants (n= 55) selected 117 partners for notification. Compared to self‐tell notification, Impart APN resulted in nearly a six‐fold increase in the odds of a named partner being notified of HIV exposure. Nearly two thirds of the partners notified through Impart APN (15/24) completed HIV testing within 6 weeks post notification compared to none of those whom participants had self‐notified. One‐third of the partners (5/15) who completed HIV testing post notification were diagnosed as HIV positive for the first time.ConclusionsVoluntary APN can be successfully implemented with a prison population and within a prison setting despite the many barriers to HIV notification that incarceration presents. Our findings suggest that the Impart model holds considerable promise to increase partner notification, HIV testing and diagnosis among sex and drug‐injecting partners of HIV‐positive incarcerated men.
Plasma calprotectin is extremely high in patients with lysinuric protein intolerance
Authors: Kärki Mari , Tanner Laura , Lahtinen Satu , Soukka Tero , Niinikoski Harri 
Published: June 2023

AbstractLysinuric protein intolerance (LPI) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder affecting the transport of cationic amino acids. Elevated plasma zinc concentrations have been described in patients with LPI. Calprotectin is a calcium‐ and zinc‐binding protein, produced by polymorphonuclear leukocytes and monocytes. Both zinc and calprotectin have an important role in immune system. In this study, we describe plasma zinc and plasma calprotectin concentrations in Finnish LPI patients. Plasma calprotectin concentration was measured from 10 LPI patients using an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and it was remarkably high in all LPI patients (median: 622 338 μg/L) compared to that in healthy controls (608 μg/L). Plasma zinc concentration was measured by photometry and it was normal or only mildly elevated (median: 14.9 μmol/L). All the patients had decreased glomerular infiltration rate (median: 50 mL/min/1.73 m2). In conclusion, we observed extremely high plasma calprotectin concentration in patients with LPI. Mechanism of this phenomenon is unknown.
Blood–Brain Barrier Permeability to Water Measured Using Multiple Echo Time Arterial Spin Labeling MRI in the Aging Human Brain
Authors: Mahroo Amnah , Konstandin Simon , Günther Matthias 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundThe blood–brain barrier (BBB) plays a vital role in maintaining brain homeostasis, but the integrity of this barrier deteriorates slowly with aging. Noninvasive water exchange magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) methods may identify changes in the BBB occurring with healthy aging.PurposeTo investigate age‐related changes in the BBB permeability to water using multiple‐echo‐time (multi‐TE) arterial spin labeling (ASL) MRI.Study TypeProspective, cohort.PopulationTwo groups of healthy humans—older group (≥50 years, mean age = 56 ± 4 years, N = 13, females = 5) and younger group (≤20 years, mean age = 18 ± 1, N = 13, females = 7).Field Strength/SequenceA 3T, multi‐TE Hadamard pCASL with 3D Gradient and Spin Echo (GRASE) readout.AssessmentTwo different approaches of variable complexity were applied. A physiologically informed biophysical model with a higher complexity estimating time () taken by the labeled water to move across the BBB and a simpler model of triexponential decay measuring tissue transition rate (.StatisticsTwo‐tailed unpaired Student t‐test, Pearson's correlation coefficient and effect size. P < 0.05 was considered significant.ResultsOlder volunteers showed significant differences of 36% lower , 29% lower cerebral perfusion, 17% pronged arterial transit time and 22% shorter intra‐voxel transit time compared to the younger volunteers. Tissue fraction () at the earliest TI = 1600 msec was significantly higher in the older group, which contributed to a significantly lower compared to the younger group. at TI = 1600 msec showed significant negative correlation with (r = −0.80), and and showed significant positive correlation (r = 0.73).Data ConclusionsBoth approaches of Multi‐TE ASL imaging showed sensitivity to detect age‐related changes in the BBB permeability. High tissue fractions at the earliest TI and short in the older volunteers indicate that the BBB permeability increased with age.Evidence Level2Technical EfficacyStage 1
Changes of mean and extreme precipitation and their relationship in Northern Hemisphere land monsoon domain under global warming
Authors: Jiang Yeyan , Zhu Zhiwei , Li Juan , Miao Lijuan , Miao Zishu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractReliable projections of monsoon mean and extreme precipitation are vital to water resource management, disaster mitigation as well as policy makings. Since the climate models have better capability in projecting mean precipitation, the relationship between mean and extreme precipitation is a crucial clue for reliable projections of extreme precipitation. However, selections of optimal models in reproducing historical mean/extreme precipitation and their relationship were rarely reported. Here, more credible projections of mean/extreme precipitation and their connections over Northern Hemisphere land monsoon domain (NHLMD) were explored after a systematical assessment of the models from Coupled Model Intercomparsion Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) and CMIP5. Results indicated that most models could well reproduce the climatology and the variation of mean precipitation over NHLMD, while large portions have underestimated the extreme precipitation threshold (EPTH) and overestimated the extreme precipitation days (EPDs). However, nearly all models captured the observed robust relationships between mean and extreme precipitation. The projected mean precipitation and EPDs exhibit coherent variations with increase trend over Asian‐North African monsoon, and decrease trend over North American monsoon. The significant positive correlations between mean precipitation and EPDs will continue during 21st century. Considering the relatively low skills and large uncertainty in the simulation and the projection of EPDs, the tight connection could be used to reliably project the future extreme precipitation over the NHLMD using the projection of monsoon mean precipitation via the selected models.
Traditional Asian plant‐based fermented foods as vitamin B12 sources: A mini‐review
Authors: Koseki Kyohei , Teng Fei , Bito Tomohiro , Watanabe Fumio 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPlant‐based foods, such as vegetables and beans, are deficient in vitamin B12 (B12). If plant‐based foods containing adequate B12 can be produced microbially, incorporating them into a vegetarian diet would prevent B12 deficiency. Asian indigenous fermented foods from soybeans, vegetables, and tea leaves, are commercially accessible. The B12 level in the fermented products has been characterized to determine whether they may serve as a viable source of B12 in humans. Since their B12 content is very low (<0.5 μg/100 g wet weight), most traditional Asian plant‐based fermented foods do not appear to serve as adequate daily B12 sources. However, some stinky tofu and pickled vegetable products contain >10 μg of B12 per 100 g wet weight. Nonetheless, further clinical research is warranted to clarify whether these products can increase the serum B12 levels of humans.
Production of marine bacterial metalloprotease A69 and evaluation of its potential in preparing soybean peptides with angiotensin‐converting enzyme‐inhibitory activity
Authors: Zhang Xia , Zhao Wen‐Xiao , Wang Yan , Cheng Jun‐Hui , Bao Kai , He Jin , Chen Xiu‐Lan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDMarine bacteria secrete a variety of proteases, which are a good source to explore proteases with application value. However, only a few marine bacterial proteases with a potential in bioactive peptides preparation have been reported.RESULTSThe metalloprotease A69 from the marine bacterium Anoxybacillus caldiproteolyticus 1A02591 was successfully expressed in the food safe bacterium Bacillus subtilis as a secreted enzyme. A technique to efficiently produce protease A69 in a 15‐L bioreactor was established, with a production of 8988 U mL−1. Based on optimizing the hydrolysis parameters of A69 on soybean protein, a process for soybean protein peptides (SPs) preparation was set up, in which soybean protein was hydrolyzed by A69 at 4000 U g−1 and 60 °C for 3 h. The prepared SPs had a high content (> 90%) of peptides with a molecular mass less than 3000 Da and contained 18 amino acids. The prepared SPs showed high angiotensin‐converting enzyme (ACE)‐inhibitory activity, with an IC50 value of 0.135 mg mL−1. Moreover, three ACE‐inhibitory peptides, RPSYT, VLIVP and LAIPVNKP, were identified from the SPs using liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry analysis.CONCLUSIONThe marine bacterial metalloprotease A69 has a promising potential for preparing SPs with good nutritional and potential antihypertensive effects, laying a good foundation for its industrial production and application. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
The impact of immigration detention on the mental health of refugees and asylum seekers
Authors: Forrest Walter , Steel Zachary 
Published: June 2023

AbstractStudies consistently report that asylum seekers held in immigration detention have relatively high rates of mental distress, yet evidence of the long‐term impact of immigration detention is limited. Using propensity score–based methods, we estimated the impact of immigration detention on the prevalence of nonspecific psychological distress, using the Kessler‐6, and probable posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), using the PTSD‐8, among participants in a national sample of asylum seekers in the 5 years following their resettlement in Australia (N = 334). At Wave 1, the prevalence of nonspecific psychological distress was high among all participants regardless of detainment status, OR = 0.28, 95% CI [0.04, 2.06], and did not change over time for either detainees (n = 222), OR = 1.01, 95% CI [0.46, 2.18], or nondetainees (n = 103), OR = 0.81, 95% CI [0.39, 1.67]. In contrast, the odds of probable PTSD were significantly higher for former detainees, OR = 8.20; 95% CI [2.61, 26.73], than nondetainees at Wave 1; although they declined among former detainees, OR = 0.56, 95% CI [0.38, 0.82]), and increased among nondetainees, OR = 1.57, 95% CI [1.11, 2.23], in the years following resettlement. These results imply the use of immigration detention to manage unauthorized migration increases the prevalence of probable PTSD in the short term among former detainees who have resettled in Australia.
A summary of the 38th Annual International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies Presidential Panel: How the traumatic stress community can assist individuals affected by the war in Ukraine
Authors: Frankova Iryna , Klymchuck Vitalii , Nickerson Angela , Sijbrandij Marit , Amstadter Ananda B. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAs the premier global traumatic stress society, the International Society for Traumatic Stress Studies (ISTSS) has an important role to play in educating and raising awareness about the consequences of traumatic events, such as the war in Ukraine. On November 12, 2022, during its 38th annual meeting, the ISTSS hosted an invited Presidential Panel, chaired by Ananda Amstadter during her term as ISTSS President, that brought together trauma experts Peter Ventevogel, Marit Sijbrandij, Vitalii Klymchuck, Iryna Frankova, and Angela Nickerson to highlight how traumatic stress professionals can assist individuals affected by the war in Ukraine. The present paper summarizes the key points from the panel and discusses future challenges anticipated for people affected by the war.