bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nursing Homes During COVID-19 Pandemic—A Systematic Literature Review for COVID-19 Proof Architecture Design Strategies
Authors: Mangili Silvia , Sun Tianzhi , Johnson Alexander Achille 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe immense impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on older adults living in nursing homes (NH) and other long-term care facilities, who at baseline are at increased risk of infection due to fragility, cognitive impairments, and complex comorbidities, has renewed the attention of researchers to the unmet needs of this population. It is well known that the built environment can significantly influence human health, a reality which is often overlooked in the setting of NHs. Recognizing how qualities of the NH built environment can influence resident outcomes, particularly in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, can provide architects and medical professionals implementable strategies. As such, we conducted a systematic literature review from May to November 2021 to identify components of the NH built environment and their potential impacts on the health and well-being of NH residents during the COVID-19 pandemic. Relevant articles were identified with a search of Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed scientific databases, as well as a search of gray literature. The initial search resulted 481 articles, though after the application of eligibility criteria and full-text screening, 17 articles remained for inclusion. From these, a total of 24 built environment features were identified, divided across four domain levels of NHs: Overall Facility, Building, Service Space, and Residential Room. These features were differentially linked to improved facility infection control, decreased COVID-19 incidence and mortality from COVID-19, better air quality, and enhanced resident health, quality of life, and socialization. This research defines a set of design/architecture strategies that NHs may implement to improve COVID-19-related outcomes as well as the overall health and quality of life of their residents. Additional research utilizing primary data and testing these identified interventions is needed to provide stronger evidence-based suggestions.
Exploring Swedish ‘Family Planning’: Reproductive Racism and Reproductive Justice
Authors: Mulinari Paula , Herz Marcus , Svensson Chowdhury Matilda 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn Sweden, during the parliamentary election campaign in 2022, birth control and family planning were identified as practices that could solve all variety of social problems, from poverty to crime. They were also presented as a solution to migrant women’s supposed lack of integration into Swedish society.Criticism towards discourses and policies of family planning is extensive, from scholars challenging the notion of ‘voluntariness’ to those arguing that, in family planning, women’s lives are subordinated to economic and developmental goals. While contraceptive technologies hold an impressive emancipatory power in the lives of women globally, vulnerable groups of women have, in the name of family planning, experienced forced sterilisation and reproductive coercion.This chapter aims to analyse political discourses and governmental policies on reproduction through the conceptual lens of reproductive racism. We hope to challenge what we identify as historical amnesia concerning Swedish ‘family planning’ and show how, in different ways, reproductive rights in Sweden are inscribed and embedded into racial inequalities.The empirical material presented here has been collected with the aim of illustrating governmental policies that historically and today shape and frame diverse forms of reproductive racism with a special focus on welfare professionals.
In Green and White: Feminist Struggles for Abortion Rights in Argentina
Authors: Mulinari Diana 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn 2020, Argentina became the third country in Latin America to provide the right to abortion, following Cuba and Uruguay (Mexico had guaranteed this right in 2007, but only in Mexico City, and in Oaxaca in 2019, then six other states in 2021–2022). The Argentinean feminist movement is internationally well known and publicly recognised for its massive mobilisation for the legalisation of voluntary termination of pregnancy. A central argument in this chapter is that the decision to support the bill proposal for the legalisation of abortion, taken finally, after a failed attempt in 2018, by the Argentinean Senate in December 2020, must be understood as a product of Argentina’s long history of women’s struggles and of decades of feminist mobilisation.The aim of the chapter is to explore the feminist-inspired struggle for the right to abortion, with particular emphasis on the intergenerational and intersectional feminist labour at the core of the 2020 feminist success. The aim is also to analyse what scholar and queer activist Mabel Bellucci (Historia de una desobediencia. Aborto y feminismo. Capital Intelectual, Buenos Aires, 2014) names a ‘history of disobedience’: the diverse and contradictory ways through which feminist struggles for abortion rights created powerful alliances and innovative forms of collaboration, developing an understanding of abortion rights within the frame of reproductive justice.
‘Enough Is Enough’: Strike, Affective Solidarity and Belonging Among Migrant Women from Poland Living in Trondheim
Authors: Kochaniewicz Agata 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis chapter is about the political mobilisation of women from Poland living in Trondheim, in reaction to the Polish Constitutional Tribunal’s anti-abortion ruling, which triggered massive anti-governmental protests in many cities, towns and villages in Poland and abroad. Migrant women from Poland connected through online and offline networks to share their feelings of disappointment and anger, but also hope, and organised two solidarity strikes in Trondheim. Using the concepts of temporality, space, affective solidarity and belonging and looking at the solidarity strikes as alens, the author reveals experiences, expectations and different aspects of the intersecting positionalities of women: as migrants, mothers, sisters and/or members of the LGBTQI+ community. She reflects on the questions that were addressed when the strike ‘travelled’ to Norway and how politics in Poland affected the everyday lives of women in Trondheim. She traces practices of solidarity and alliances and what they expose about the seams of temporality in the context of (un)belonging and local power asymmetries.
Heuristic Modularity Maximization Algorithms for Community Detection Rarely Return an Optimal Partition or Anything Similar
Authors: Aref Samin , Mostajabdaveh Mahdi , Chheda Hriday 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCommunity detection is a fundamental problem in computational sciences with extensive applications in various fields. The most commonly used methods are the algorithms designed to maximize modularity over different partitions of the network nodes. Using 80 real and random networks from a wide range of contexts, we investigate the extent to which current heuristic modularity maximization algorithms succeed in returning maximum-modularity (optimal) partitions. We evaluate (1) the ratio of the algorithms’ output modularity to the maximum modularity for each input graph, and (2) the maximum similarity between their output partition and any optimal partition of that graph. We compare eight existing heuristic algorithms against an exact integer programming method that globally maximizes modularity. The average modularity-based heuristic algorithm returns optimal partitions for only 19.4% of the 80 graphs considered. Additionally, results on adjusted mutual information reveal substantial dissimilarity between the sub-optimal partitions and any optimal partition of the networks in our experiments. More importantly, our results show that near-optimal partitions are often disproportionately dissimilar to any optimal partition. Taken together, our analysis points to a crucial limitation of commonly used modularity-based heuristics for discovering communities: they rarely produce an optimal partition or a partition resembling an optimal partition. If modularity is to be used for detecting communities, exact or approximate optimization algorithms are recommendable for a more methodologically sound usage of modularity within its applicability limits.
Tachyons and misaligned supersymmetry in closed string vacua
Authors: Angelantonj Carlo , Florakis Ioannis , Leone Giorgio 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In a remarkable paper, Dienes discovered that the absence of physical tachyons in closed string theory is intimately related to oscillations in the net number of bosonic minus fermionic degrees of freedom, a pattern predicted by an underlying misaligned supersymmetry. The average of these oscillations was linked to an exponential growth controlled by an effective central charge Ceff smaller than the expected inverse Hagedorn temperature. Dienes also conjectured that Ceff should vanish when tachyons are absent.In this paper, we revisit this problem and show that boson-fermion oscillations are realised even when tachyons are present in the physical spectrum. In fact, we prove that the average growth rate Ceff is set by the mass of the “lightest” state, be it massless or tachyonic, and coincides with the effective inverse Hagedorn temperature of the associated thermal theory. We also provide a general proof that the necessary and sufficient condition for classical stability is the vanishing of the sector averaged sum which implies Ceff = 0, in agreement with Dienes’ conjecture.
Dynamical Compactification with Matter
Authors: Kim Kyung Kiu , Koh Seoktae , Tumurtushaa Gansukh 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In this work, we study cosmological solutions of the 8-dimensional Einstein Yang-Mills theory coupled to a perfect-fluid matter. A Yang-Mills instanton of extra dimensions causes a 4-dimensional expanding universe with dynamical compactification of the extra dimensions. To construct physically reliable situations, we impose the null energy condition on the matter. This energy condition is affected by the extra dimensions. Then, we consider cosmological constant to grasp the structure of the solution space. Even in this simple case, we find several interesting solutions, such as bouncing universes and oscillatory solutions, eventually arriving at a de Sitter universe with stabilized compact dimensions. In addition, we consider a class of matters whose energy density depends on the volume of the extra dimensions. This case shows another set of bouncing universes. Also, a real scalar with potential is taken into account. The scalar field model admits de Sitter solutions due to the choice of potential, and we demonstrate how potentials can be constructed using flow equations. Thus, what we discuss in this work is based on the 8-dimensional Einstein frame, which corresponds to the 4-dimensional Jordan frame by dimensional reduction. Consequently, the results are derived in the 4-dimensional Jordan frame, not in the 4-dimensional Einstein frame.
Line defect RG flows in the ε expansion
Authors: Pannell William H. , Stergiou Andreas 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
A general analysis of line defect renormalisation group (RG) flows in the ε expansion below d = 4 dimensions is undertaken. The defect beta function for general scalar-fermion bulk theories is computed to next-to-leading order in the bulk couplings. Scalar models as well as scalar-fermion models with various global symmetries in the bulk are considered at leading non-trivial order. Different types of potential infrared (IR) defect conformal field theories (dCFTs) and their RG stability are discussed. The possibility of multiple IR stable dCFTs is realised in specific examples with hypertetrahedral symmetry in the bulk. The one-point function coefficient of the order parameter in the stable IR dCFT of the cubic model is computed at next-to-leading order and compared with that in the IR dCFT of the Heisenberg model.
Praxisorientierter Umgang mit späten Schwangerschaftsabbrüchen und Fetoziden
Authors: Geffroy Alexandra , Bäz Elke , Kunze Mirjam , Waterstradt Ina , Schmidt Ulrike , Huber-Schumacher Sabine , Juhasz-Böss Ingolf , Markfeld-Erol Filiz 
Published: June 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die Diskussion über die Durchführung und Sicherstellung von Schwangerschaftsabbrüchen flammt in Deutschland immer wieder auf. Die überwiegende Anzahl aller Schwangerschaftsabbrüche erfolgt unter Beachtung der Beratungsregelung vor der abgeschlossenen 12. Schwangerschaftswoche (SSW) post conceptionem (p. c.). Ein Schwangerschaftsabbruch aus maternaler Indikation erfolgt meist erst nach der 12. SSW als sogenannter später Schwangerschaftsabbruch. Dieser stellt für Eltern und Beteiligte verschiedener beruflicher Disziplinen ein ethisches Dilemma dar. Besonders belastend sind Abbrüche jenseits von 22 SSW p. c., bei denen häufig vor Geburtseinleitung ein Fetozid durchgeführt wird. Der Gesetzgeber hat die juristischen Grundzüge des Schwangerschaftsabbruchs vorgegeben, wobei länderspezifische Unterschiede beachtet werden müssen. Die praktische Umsetzung stellt die Mitarbeiter der durchführenden Kliniken vor vielschichtige Herausforderungen.

Ziel der Arbeit
Die Publikation beschreibt die transparente Organisation erforderlicher Abläufe eines späten Schwangerschaftsabbruchs aus maternaler Indikation unter Einhaltung aller rechtlichen Vorgaben, wobei gleichzeitig der sensible, fürsorgliche Umgang mit Betroffenen gewährleistet werden muss. Das Ergebnis der Zusammenarbeit von Gynäkolog/Innen, Beteiligten der Pflege und Hebammen, Kolleg/Innen der Rechtsmedizin und Pathologie, dem Standesamt, der Kriminalpolizei sowie der Staatsanwaltschaft Freiburg im Breisgau soll bundesweit geburtshilflich tätigen Kliniken als Anregung dienen, eine analoge praxisnahe Verfahrensleitlinie unter Wahrung der rechtlich geltenden Vorschriften im Umgang mit späten Schwangerschaftsabbrüchen zu entwickeln.
Use of overactive bladder anticholinergic medications associated with falls leading to emergency department visits: results from the ADRED study
Authors: Just Katja S. , Schultze Karen A. , Dormann Harald , Seufferlein Thomas , Gräff Ingo , Scholl Catharina , Schwab Matthias , Stingl Julia C. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Drug intake might be a modifiable factor for the individual fall-risk of older adults, and anticholinergic properties of drugs need to be considered. This study is aimed at analyzing the association of older adults’ individual anticholinergic load with particular focus on use of overactive bladder anticholinergic medications with falls in multi-medicated patients.

Materials and Methods
Cases of the prospective, observational, multi-center study on adverse drug reactions leading to emergency departments (ADRED study) between 2015 and 2018 in Germany were analyzed comparing the exposure of overactive bladder anticholinergic medications on the chance to present with a fall with patients without exposure. Logistic regression analysis was used adjusting for pre-existing conditions, drug exposure, and the individual anticholinergic burden by drug use. To this end, a combination of seven expert-based anticholinergic rating scales was used.

Results
The anticholinergic burden was higher in patients with overactive bladder anticholinergic medications (median 2 [1; 3]) compared to not taking drugs of interest. Presenting with a fall was associated with overactive bladder anticholinergic medications (odds ratio (OR) 2.34 [95% confidence interval 1.14–4.82]). The use of fall-risk increasing drugs was likewise associated (OR 2.30 [1.32–4.00]). The anticholinergic burden itself seemed not to be associated with falls (OR 1.01 [0.90–1.12]).

Conclusions
Although falls occur multifactorial in older adults and confounding by indication cannot be ruled out, the indication for a drug treatment should be decided with caution when other, non-pharmacological treatment options have been tried.

German clinical trial register
DRKS-ID: DRKS00008979, registration date 01/11/2017.
Feasibility of AI-assisted compressed sensing protocols in knee MR imaging: a prospective multi-reader study
Authors: Wang Qizheng , Zhao Weili , Xing Xiaoying , Wang Ying , Xin Peijin , Chen Yongye , Zhu Yupeng , Xu Jiajia , Zhao Qiang , Yuan Huishu , Lang Ning 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Objectives
To evaluate the image quality and diagnostic performance of AI-assisted compressed sensing (ACS) accelerated two-dimensional fast spin-echo MRI compared with standard parallel imaging (PI) in clinical 3.0T rapid knee scans.

Methods
This prospective study enrolled 130 consecutive participants between March and September 2022. The MRI scan procedure included one 8.0-min PI protocol and two ACS protocols (3.5 min and 2.0 min). Quantitative image quality assessments were performed by evaluating edge rise distance (ERD) and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Shapiro-Wilk tests were performed and investigated by the Friedman test and post hoc analyses. Three radiologists independently evaluated structural disorders for each participant. Fleiss κ analysis was used to compare inter-reader and inter-protocol agreements. The diagnostic performance of each protocol was investigated and compared by DeLong’s test. The threshold for statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.

Results
A total of 150 knee MRI examinations constituted the study cohort. For the quantitative assessment of four conventional sequences with ACS protocols, SNR improved significantly (p < 0.001), and ERD was significantly reduced or equivalent to the PI protocol. For the abnormality evaluated, the intraclass correlation coefficient ranged from moderate to substantial between readers (κ = 0.75–0.98) and between protocols (κ = 0.73–0.98). For meniscal tears, cruciate ligament tears, and cartilage defects, the diagnostic performance of ACS protocols was considered equivalent to PI protocol (Delong test, p > 0.05).

Conclusions
Compared with the conventional PI acquisition, the novel ACS protocol demonstrated superior image quality and was feasible for achieving equivalent detection of structural abnormalities while reducing acquisition time by half.

Clinical relevance statement
Artificial intelligence–assisted compressed sensing (ACS) providing excellent quality and a 75% reduction in scanning time presents significant clinical advantages in improving the efficiency and accessibility of knee MRI for more patients.

Key Points
• The prospective multi-reader study showed no difference in diagnostic performance between parallel imaging and AI-assisted compression sensing (ACS) was found.
• Reduced scan time, sharper delineation, and less noise with ACS reconstruction.
• Improved efficiency of the clinical knee MRI examination by the ACS acceleration.
„Angriffe auf Verbindungen“ – zur Sozialpsychologie des Populismus
Authors: Küchenhoff Joachim 
Published: June 2023

ZusammenfassungUnter dem Gesichtspunkt eines regressiven Angriffs auf Verbindungen wird der Populismus untersucht. Dabei wird gezeigt, dass der Populismus Urheber solcher Angriffe auf Verbindungen ist, aber zugleich sich auch solchen Angriffen verdankt bzw. eine – fehlgeleitete – Antwort auf das Zerreißen von Verbindungen ist. Zentral ist der Begriff der Regression, der in der Psychoanalyse vertraut und bedeutsam ist, aber auch auffällig aktuell in der soziologischen Diskussion der Gegenwart genutzt wird. Populismus ist selbst regressiv, aber auch Antwort auf gesellschaftliche Regressionen. Diese These soll begründet werden. Der Text beginnt mit einem soziologischen Steckbrief des Populismus. Er wendet sich dann den gesellschaftlichen Ursachen des Populismus zu, unter Hinweis auf Demokratiedefizite allgemein und spezifisch auf gesellschaftliche Regressionen. Im dritten Teil wird der psychoanalytische Regressionsbegriff mit dem soziologischen kontrastierend verbunden und gezeigt, dass es die Psychoanalyse in der gesellschaftstheoretischen Analyse braucht, um das Attraktive in der Regression, die der Populismus darstellt, zu verstehen. Im letzten Teil wird eine Fabel zitiert, die aus der Nobelpreisrede der Autorin Toni Morrison stammt.
Insensitive: Simulation of the NMR Experiment for Didactic Purposes
Authors: Boldt Klaus 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSince its first publication in 2011, the program “Insensitive” has progressed to be one of the most feature-rich, educational simulation tools for the nuclear magnetic resonance experiment in homogeneous solution. It can be used without prior knowledge of a programming language or complex spectrometer software. In four steps it follows the spin physics behind NMR, from the creation of a spin system to the acquisition and processing of a one or two-dimensional spectrum. At its core, it visualises common models of the spin state, both graphic and numerical, and allows to manipulate each interaction at various levels of sophistication. Thus, it provides graphical aides and can be used as a tool for teaching and self-teaching a highly abstract and demanding topic.
A peculiar case of pure intraventricular glioblastoma
Authors: Zanuttini Luca , Orsatti Agnese , Martinoni Matteo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractGlioblastoma (formerly named glioblastoma multiforme) is the most common primary central nervous system tumor, representing 45% of all cases and 15% of all intracranial neoplasms [1]. Its typical radiologic findings and localization make it often a lesion easy to diagnose. In MRI it usually appears as an irregularly shaped cystic lesion with ring contrast enhancement in T1-weighted images, localized in subcortical white matter and deep gray matter nuclei of the cerebral hemispheres. It involves more frequently the frontotemporal region followed by parietal lobes [1]. Few articles in literature described cases of intraventricular glioblastomas, defining those as secondary ventricular tumors because of their probable origin primarily from cerebral tissue with consequent transependymal development [2, 3]. Atypical presentations of these tumors make it more difficult to clearly differentiate them from other lesions more commonly located in the ventricular system. We describe a case with a unique radiological presentation: an intraventricular glioblastoma lying entirely within the ventricular walls, involving all the ventricular system, without mass effect or nodular parenchymal lesions.
Fruit ripeness identification using transformers
Authors: Xiao Bingjie , Nguyen Minh , Yan Wei Qi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPattern classification has always been essential in computer vision. Transformer paradigm having attention mechanism with global receptive field in computer vision improves the efficiency and effectiveness of visual object detection and recognition. The primary purpose of this article is to achieve the accurate ripeness classification of various types of fruits. We create fruit datasets to train, test, and evaluate multiple Transformer models. Transformers are fundamentally composed of encoding and decoding procedures. The encoder is to stack the blocks, like convolutional neural networks (CNN or ConvNet). Vision Transformer (ViT), Swin Transformer, and multilayer perceptron (MLP) are considered in this paper. We examine the advantages of these three models for accurately analyzing fruit ripeness. We find that Swin Transformer achieves more significant outcomes than ViT Transformer for both pears and apples from our dataset.