bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tranexamic acid does not significantly lower postoperative bleeding after endoscopic sinus and nasal surgery
Authors: Khanwalkar Ashoke , Chan Erik , Roozdar Pooya , Kim Dayoung , Ma Yifei , Hwang Peter H. , Nayak Jayakar V. , Patel Zara M. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundPostoperative epistaxis is a known possibility following endoscopic sinonasal surgery. Tranexamic acid (TXA) has been shown to reduce intraoperative blood loss and improve the visual field. This study evaluated the clinical efficacy of TXA when given at end of surgery to reduce postoperative bleeding.MethodsThis randomized, double‐blinded placebo‐controlled trial was conducted from April to November 2021. Patients scheduled to undergo endoscopic sinus or nasal surgery were randomized to receive an intravenous dose of 1 g TXA or saline intraoperatively prior to extubation. A 10‐in. visual analog scale (VAS) was used to query patients regarding postoperative bleeding each day for 1 week. The medical record was examined to determine the need for additional evaluations or interventions for epistaxis.ResultsForty patients completed the study. The mean ± SD postoperative bleeding VAS for the TXA group on the day of surgery was not significantly different from the saline group (4.82 ± 2.18 in. vs. 5.03 ± 2.14 in., p = 0.8). There were no significant differences between treatment arms on any postoperative day through day 7 (0.67 ± 1.84 in. vs. 0.87 ± 0.99 in., p = 0.7), nor in the reduction in VAS compared to the respective baseline on the day of surgery. There were no significant differences in terms of additional interventions (e.g., additional evaluation in recovery, ED, or clinic, need for packing, or return to the operating room [OR]).ConclusionAlthough TXA has previously demonstrated efficacy to reduce intraoperative bleeding during sinonasal surgery, when postoperative bleeding is already minimal at baseline, TXA does not appear to reduce it significantly further.
Investigation of rubber flow during tire shaping process by experiment and numerical simulations
Authors: Wang Guolin , Shi Shuo , Zhou Haichao 
Published: January 2023

AbstractTire plays an important role during driving as comes in direct contact with the road. A comprehensive understanding of the flowing behavior of unvulcanized rubber during the shaping process of tire is essential for the design of tire. The tread has grooves with complex shapes, which are formed by a mold during the tire shaping process. When tread rubber does not fill the mold properly, tire quality deteriorates crucially. We conducted an experiment and computer simulation to determine the flow of tread rubber in the mold. The comprehensive tire building and shaping processes are investigated through the finite element method. The material distribution of the tire obtained by simulation compares is in good agreement with that of the tire theoretical design. The maximum error of rubber components sizes between the simulation and test is 6.22%. The belt layer is the main force bearing component, and it has a directly influence on the rubber flow. The simulation results show that the belt cord force decrease with the cord laying angle from 24° to 30° and increase rapidly with the increase of the cord arrangement spacing.
Evaluating the economic feasibility of replacing propane with solid biofuels for grain drying – a scenario analysis
Authors: Ebadian Mahmood , Sokhansanj Shahabaddine , Cameron Caith , Cameron Campbell , Sauvé Terrence , Dyck James 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis study investigates the economic feasibility of replacing propane with biomass (solid biofuels) for grain drying under four scenarios. Two scenarios are based on the recently increased price of propane and the possible future changes in prices for propane and biomass. The other scenarios assess the impact of two policies on the cost of energy when carbon pricing is included and a financial incentive program is designed to share the purchase and installation cost of clean technologies such as biomass burners. A farm business in Canada is used as the case study to compare and contrast the energy cost of drying wheat grain over the range of 160 000–400 000 bushels (4355–10 890 t) using wood chip or wood pellet burners instead of propane. The results indicate that, under all scenarios, biomass burners are a more economic option than propane burners for drying grain. In the baseline scenario (no carbon pricing/financial support), cost reductions of 34–62% can be achieved by using a wood chip burner instead of a propane burner. This reduction is estimated to be 52–58% for wood pellet burners versus the propane burner. Every $10tCO2e‐1 increase in the carbon pricing adds about 1.7% to the total drying cost for the propane burner. This further increases the cost saving of switching from propane to biomass, as no carbon pricing is applied to biomass as a renewable energy source. A 50% cost sharing arrangement as a financial support to purchase and install biomass burners can provide a further 2–7% cost saving.
Exploring the syncretic dynamics involved in dyadic business–NGO partnerships
Authors: Martinez Fabien 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis paper articulates a framework that clarifies (hitherto unexplored) aspects of the dynamics involved in dyadic partnerships between businesses and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs). At its core lies the proposition that businesses and NGOs operate with heterogeneous idea systems that are institutionalized in the definition of their organizational identities, missions and values statements and theoretically conceived of as institutional logics, worldviews, paradigms and cultures. The meeting of these idea systems is subject to processes of ‘syncretism’ that critically influence the potential of business–NGO partnerships to meet the normative expectations placed on them. The ‘business in society’ literature has however remained relatively inexplicit in terms of explaining what these processes might be. Drawing therefore on the literature on syncretism and the precepts of analogical reasoning, this study derives four main syncretic processes that determine the valence of business–NGO partnerships towards either congruity or dissent: borrowing, blending, bridging and breaking. While there is a potential for negative outcomes stemming from the first two processes, and in the fourth, bridging is highlighted as a promising, yet demanding, syncretic way for eliminating fundamental tensions between disparate idea systems. The article concludes with a research agenda, together with an outline of theoretical implications.
An ultra‐stable sodium half/full battery based on a unique micro‐channel pine‐derived carbon/SnS2@reduced graphene oxide film
Authors: Sun Yu , Yang Yan‐Ling , Shi Xiao‐Lei , Ye Liyuan , Hou Yiwei , Wang Jiaxin , Suo Guoquan , Lu Siyu , Chen Zhi‐Gang 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDeveloping super stability, high coulomb efficiency, and long‐span life of sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) can significantly widen their practical industrial applications. In this study, we report a pine‐derived carbon/SnS2@reduced graphene oxide (PDC/SnS2@rGO) film with fast ion/electron transport micro‐channel used as a SIB anode, which shows ultrahigh stable stability and long‐span life. Functionally, a biomass PDC/SnS2@rGO film with ~30 μm micro carbon channel and ~1.2 μm thick carbon wall can simultaneously provide the fast electron transport path and the Na+ transport channel. Also, the two‐dimensional (2D) layered SnS2 particles attached to the carbon wall of PDC can increase more Na+ contact sites and shorten the Na+ transport path in the NaPF6 electrolyte. To avoid the separation of SnS2 from PDC during the sodiation process, rGO with excellent conductivity and flexibility is wrapped in the SnS2 outer layer as an “electronic garment”. A ~650 mA h g−1 high Na+ storage capacity at 0.1 A g−1 and ~99.8% ultrahigh coulomb efficiency after 800 cycles at 5 A g−1 are obtained when PDC/SnS2@rGO film is used as a SIB anode. Furthermore, a SIB full‐cell is assembled using PDC/SnS2@rGO film (anode) and Na3V2(PO4)3 (cathode), which exhibits a ~163.9 mA h g−1 high reversible capacity and ~99.7% coulomb efficiency performance. Our work provides a reasonable design strategy for the application of biomass‐derived carbon in SIBs, which may inspire more biomass‐derived material studies.
Contrast‐enhanced harmonic endoscopic ultrasound (CH‐EUS) MASTER: A novel deep learning‐based system in pancreatic mass diagnosis
Authors: Tang Anliu , Tian Li , Gao Kui , Liu Rui , Hu Shan , Liu Jinzhu , Xu Jiahao , Fu Tian , Zhang Zinan , Wang Wujun , Zeng Long , Qu Weiming , Dai Yong , Hou Ruirui , Tang Shoujiang , Wang Xiaoyan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsDistinguishing pancreatic cancer from nonneoplastic masses is critical and remains a clinical challenge. The study aims to construct a deep learning‐based artificial intelligence system to facilitate pancreatic mass diagnosis, and to guide EUS‐guided fine‐needle aspiration (EUS‐FNA) in real time.MethodsThis is a prospective study. The CH‐EUS MASTER system is composed of Model 1 (real‐time capture and segmentation) and Model 2 (benign and malignant identification). It was developed using deep convolutional neural networks and Random Forest algorithm. Patients with pancreatic masses undergoing CH‐EUS examinations followed by EUS‐FNA were recruited. All patients underwent CH‐EUS and were diagnosed both by endoscopists and CH‐EUS MASTER. After diagnosis, they were randomly assigned to undergo EUS‐FNA with or without CH‐EUS MASTER guidance.ResultsCompared with manual labeling by experts, the average overlap rate of Model 1 was 0.708. In the independent CH‐EUS video testing set, Model 2 generated an accuracy of 88.9% in identifying malignant tumors. In clinical trial, the accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity for diagnosing pancreatic masses by CH‐EUS MASTER were significantly better than that of endoscopists. The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were respectively 93.8%, 90.9%, 100%, 100%, and 83.3% by CH‐EUS MASTER guided EUS‐FNA, and were not significantly different compared to the control group. CH‐EUS MASTER‐guided EUS‐FNA significantly improved the first‐pass diagnostic yield.ConclusionCH‐EUS MASTER is a promising artificial intelligence system diagnosing malignant and benign pancreatic masses and may guide FNA in real time.Trial registration number: NCT04607720.
Linked motion image‐based dynamic hand gesture recognition
Authors: Jain Rahul , Karsh Ram Kumar , Barbhuiya Abul Abbas 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe researchers have paid significant attention to dynamic images for hand gesture recognition. Dynamic images are gesture representation patterns that simultaneously capture spatial, temporal, and structural information from the video. Existing techniques to generate dynamic images provide low discriminability for the gestures, which follow the same trajectory, but in opposite directions, such as “swiping hand right” versus “swiping hand left.” Also, limited to similar gestures such as “Snap fingers” versus “Dual fingers heart.” To address these issues, we have proposed an algorithm to convert a depth video into a single dynamic image known as a linked motion image (LMI). We give the LMI to a classifier consisting of an ensemble of three modified pretrained convolutional neural networks. We conduct the experiments using a multimodal large‐scale EgoGesture dataset and The MSR Gesture 3D dataset. For the EgoGesture dataset, the proposed method achieved an accuracy of 92.91%, which is better than the state‐of‐the‐art methods. For the MSR Gesture 3D dataset, the proposed method accuracy is 100%, which outperforms the state‐of‐the‐art methods. This work also highlights the recognition accuracy and precision of each gesture. The experiments demonstrate the work's economic efficiency using a web‐based data science environment called Kaggle rather than high‐end systems like GPU.
Visible Light‐Driven N–F‐Codoped TiO2 for Photocatalysts as Potential Application to Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Pham Toan Minh , Bui Khang Quang , Le Dien Vinh , Pham Hau Quoc , Huynh Tai Thien , Ngo Thang Manh , Ho Van Thi Thanh 
Published: January 2023

AbstractN–F‐codoped TiO2 materials were successfully fabricated by a hydrothermal method without any capping agent and further heat treatment. The results indicate interstitial N3− ion doping and the surface‐adsorbed F− ion on the TiO2 surface. By introducing N and F into the TiO2 lattice, the band gap of the obtained material is significantly reduced compared to the undoped TiO2. Moreover, the light absorption ability of the material was demonstrated to extend to visible light regions, contributing to the better photocatalytic activity. Furthermore, the sample with the NH4F/TiCl4 precursor molar ratio of 2:1 displayed the greatest photocatalytic activity with visible radiation. This study provides a new pathway to synthesize a novel photocatalyst having great potential for future applications.
Adding Value to Wastewater Bioremediation by Lipid Extraction from Oedogonium intermedium
Authors: Gong Zhe , Fimbres-Weihs Gustavo Adolfo , Rajarathnam Gobinath Pillai , Abbas Ali 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMacroalgae bioremediation is a potential way to deal with the escalating problem of arsenic contamination. The results of this study demonstrate that the arsenic content in wastewater treated by Oedogonium intermedium decreases by 32% from 1.13 ± 0.01 to 0.77 ± 0.03 ppb. Then, supercritical carbon dioxide (SC‐CO2) extraction was employed to isolate lipids from O. intermedium. Response surface methodology based on the Box‐Behnken design was carried out to optimize the SC‐CO2 extraction conditions of pressure (200–400 bar), temperature (30–50 °C), and extraction time (30–90 min). The optimal conditions from the model are predicted as 301.95 bar, 41.3 °C, and 30.53 min with 3.24 % lipid yield, 61.30 % PUFA ratio, and 0.106 µg g−1 of arsenic content, respectively.
Revisiting Basics of kLa Dependency on Aeration in Bubble Columns: a Is Surprisingly Stable
Authors: Wild Moritz , Mast Yannic , Takors Ralf 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA comprehensive experimental characterization of a small‐scale bubble column bioreactor (60 mL) is presented. Bubble size distribution (BSD), gas holdup, and kLa were determined for different types of liquids, relevant fermentation conditions and superficial gas velocities uG. The specific interfacial area a and liquid mass transfer coefficient kL have been identified independent of each other to unravel their individual impact on kLa. Results show that increasing uG leads to larger bubbles and higher gas holdup. As both parameters influence a in opposite ways, no increase of a with uG is found. Furthermore, kL increases with increasing bubble size outlining that improved oxygen transfer is not the result of higher a but of risen kL instead. The results build the foundation for further simulative investigations.
GuaiacolHDOon La‐modified Pt/Al2O3: Influence of rare‐earth loading
Authors: Escobar José , Barrera María C. , Santes Víctor F. , Fouconnier Benoit 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe stability of the catalyst used in hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of biomass‐derived oils needs improvement. La has been applied in delaying Al2O3phase‐change under reaction conditions. Lanthanum (0.5–8 wt.%)‐γ‐alumina was studied as Pt (1 wt.%) carrier aimed at guaiacol (GUA) HDO. Materials characterization included N2physisorption, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), thermal analysis, FTIR, UV–vis, and TPR. Solids pore size (~8–10 nm) was suitable for GUA (kinetic diameter~0.668 nm) hydrotreating. Mixed carriers were amorphous (XRD), suggesting well‐dispersed La domains; meanwhile, carbonates/bicarbonates were formed (from CO2) due to the basic surface properties of modified supports (FTIR). That could impart catalyst stability by inhibiting coking through the passivation of Lewis acidity on Al2O3. Pt reducibility increased with La loading in various formulations. However, that was not reflected in enhanced GUA HDO (T = 488 K and P = 3.2 MPa, batch reactor), presumably due to the strong metal–support interaction (SMSI), where LaOxcovered the metallic Pt particle surface. GUA HDO on various catalysts was approximated by pseudo‐first‐order kinetics (integral regime,k), where deviations were observed as La loading increased, presumably by an SMSI state that could affect the rate‐determining step of the reaction mechanism. Basic sites provided by rare‐earth could contribute to altering HDO reaction pathways as well. At 1 wt.% rare‐earth, GUA HDO was maximized (k~25% higher than that on Pt/Al2O3), with that material also exhibiting similar deoxygenation (85%–90% at total GUA conversion) to the latter Pt over pristine alumina. Conversely, both parameters significantly diminished over the catalyst of the highest La content. Materials at low rare‐earth concentrations deserve further studies focused on catalyst stability under HDO conditions.
Race‐free renal function estimation equations and potential impact on Black patients: Implications for cancer clinical trial enrollment
Authors: Schmeusser Benjamin N. , Palacios Arnold R. , Midenberg Eric R. , Nabavizadeh Reza , Patil Dattatraya H. , Harvey R. Donald , Bryksin Janetta , Connor Michael J. , Ogan Kenneth , Bilen Mehmet A. , Master Viraj A. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundBlack patients face disparities in cancer outcomes. Additionally, Black patients are more likely to be undertreated and underrepresented in clinical trials. The recent recommendation to remove race from the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) results in lower eGFR values for Black patients. The ramifications of this decision, both intended and unintended, are still being elucidated in the medical community. Here, the authors analyze the removal of race from eGFR for Black patients with cancer, specifically with respect to clinical trial eligibility.MethodsIn a cohort of self‐identified Black patients who underwent nephrectomy at a tertiary referral center from 2009 to 2021 (n = 459), eGFR was calculated with and without race in commonly used equations (Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration [CKD‐EPI] and Modification of Diet in Renal Disease [MDRD]). The distribution of patients and changes within chronic kidney disease stages with different equations was considered. Theoretical exclusion at commonly observed clinical trial eGFR points was then simulated on the basis of the utilization of the race coefficient.ResultsThe median eGFR from CKD‐EPI was significantly higher with race (76 ml/min/1.73 m2) than without race (66 ml/min/1.73 m2; p < .0001). The median eGFR from MDRD was significantly higher with race (71.0 ml/min/1.73 m2) than without race (58 ml/min/1.73 m2; p < .0001). Observing results in the context of common clinical trial cutoff points, the authors found that 13%–22%, 6%–12%, and 2%–3% more Black patients would fall under common clinical trial cutoffs of 60, 45, and 30 ml/min, respectively, depending on the equation used. A subanalysis of stage III–IV patients only was similar.ConclusionsRace‐free renal function equations may inadvertently result in increased exclusion of Black patients from clinical trials. This is especially concerning because of the underrepresentation and undertreatment that Black patients already experience.Plain Language Summary

Black patients experience worse oncologic outcomes and are underrepresented in clinical trials.

Kidney function, as estimated by glomerular filtration rate equations, is a factor in who can and cannot be in a clinical trial.

Race is a variable in some of these equations.

For Black patients, removing race from these equations leads to the calculation of lower kidney function.

Lower estimated kidney function may result in more black patients being excluded from clinical trials.

The inclusion of all races in clinical trials is important for offering best care to everyone and for making results from clinical trials applicable to everyone.
Catalytic Transformation of Positional Nitrophenol Isomers on Highly Active Ag/Linde‐Type A4 Zeolite: A Comparative Analysis
Authors: Horta‐Fraijo Patricia , García‐Valdivieso Guadalupe , Rodríguez‐Aranda M. C. , Navarro‐Contreras Hugo R. , Londoño‐Calderón Alejandra , José‐Yacaman Miguel , Smolentseva Elena , Acosta Brenda 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe catalytic transformation of ortho‐(o‐NP), meta‐(m‐NP) and para‐nitrophenols (p‐NP) by Ag nanoparticles (Ag‐NPs) stabilised on zeolite A4 (ZA4) is presented for the first time. The catalysts are prepared by microwave‐assisted synthesis (Ag/ZA4‐MW) or ion exchange (Ag/ZA4‐IE). The results indicate that the nitrophenol reduction rate depends on the molecule structure and the presence of low‐coordinated metallic Ag‐NPs (∼2 nm and sub nanometric species). Meanwhile, the reactivity tendency depends on the synthesis methodology (m‐NP>p‐NP>o‐NP and o‐NP>m‐NP>p‐NP for Ag/ZA4‐MW and Ag/ZA4‐IE, respectively). The turnover frequency (TOF) values estimated for nitrophenols reduction are superior for Ag/ZA4‐MW catalyst by several orders of magnitude compared with those obtained for Ag/ZA4‐IE catalyst. In addition, the catalyst exhibits remarkable catalytic stability for the reduction of p‐NP even after the fifth consecutive catalytic run. The presently prepared catalysts are characterised by superior catalytic activity for the reduction of nitroaromatic compounds than similar Ag‐based materials reported in the literature.
Topological Surface State of Bi2Se3 Modified by Physisorption of n‐Alkane
Authors: Moue Rena , Yamazaki Hiroto , Kitazawa Tatsuya , Yaji Koichiro , Yaguchi Hiroshi , Kuroda Kenta , Kondo Takeshi , Harasawa Ayumi , Iwahashi Takashi , Ouchi Yukio , Shin Shik , Kanai Kaname 
Published: January 2023

AbstractRecently, the interface between an organic molecular layer and a topological insulator (TI) surface (Org./TI interface) has been studied to explore the possibility of multifunctional TI devices with organic molecules. Nevertheless, understanding of the electronic structure of Org./TI interfaces is insufficient. Especially, little is known about physisorption systems, where the interaction between adsorbed molecules and topological surface state (TSS) is weak. Here, we discuss an ideal physisorption system of an n‐alkane molecule, n‐tetratertacontane (TTC), and prototypical TI, Bi2Se3, in which the interaction between the molecule and TSS is the weakest one possible. Angle‐resolved photoemission spectroscopy results show that the energy of the Dirac cone (DC) energy band decreases by approximately 60 meV when the TTC layer is formed on Bi2Se3. The amount of energy reduction is consistent with the reduction in vacuum level at the TTC/Bi2Se3 interface, valence states of Bi2Se3 and the core levels of Bi2Se3 observed by ultraviolet‐ and X‐ray photoemission spectroscopy. Therefore, no chemical interactions, such as charge transfer, occur at the TTC/Bi2Se3 interface, but only a redistribution of charge density on the Bi2Se3 surface occurs due to the Pauli repulsion between the electrons of the adsorbed TTC molecule and TSS.