bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transtendon technique versus repair after completion of the tear for articular-sided partial rotator cuff tear: a meta-analysis of comparative studies
Authors: Yang Yimeng , Hu Dan , Chen Shiyi , Guan Shibing , Shang Xiliang 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Transtendon repair and repair after completion of the tear have been widely used to treat partial-thickness rotator cuff tears (PT-RCTs). The present study was aimed to compare the clinical outcomes and tendon integrity following arthroscopic repair of articular PT-RCTs using transtendon repair or repair after completion of the tear.

Methods
We performed a systematic electronic database search on Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed and Embase to identify articles equating articular-sided PT-RCTs repair. The randomized controlled clinical trials that met our criteria were evaluated for quality of methodology. The results obtained were further analyzed and correlated to present the benefits and drawbacks comparing the two surgical procedures.

Result
According to our inclusion and exclusion criteria, six articles were included in the present study. A total of 501 patients were analyzed as part of this study. The results indicated that both the surgical treatments provided excellent functional improvements and tendon integrity. However, no significant differences for the visual analogue scale (VAS) score, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score, constant score, range of motion, postoperative adhesive capsulitis, tendon integrity and patient satisfaction were found between the two cohorts (p > 0.05).

Conclusions
Both transtendon technique and repair after completion of the tear for articular-sided partial rotator cuff tear provide improvements in clinical outcome with a low complication rate and a high rate of healing.
Graph construction method impacts variation representation and analyses in a bovine super-pangenome
Authors: Leonard Alexander S. , Crysnanto Danang , Mapel Xena M. , Bhati Meenu , Pausch Hubert 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Several models and algorithms have been proposed to build pangenomes from multiple input assemblies, but their impact on variant representation, and consequently downstream analyses, is largely unknown.

Results
We create multi-species super-pangenomes using pggb, cactus, and minigraph with the Bos taurus taurus reference sequence and eleven haplotype-resolved assemblies from taurine and indicine cattle, bison, yak, and gaur. We recover 221 k nonredundant structural variations (SVs) from the pangenomes, of which 135 k (61%) are common to all three. SVs derived from assembly-based calling show high agreement with the consensus calls from the pangenomes (96%), but validate only a small proportion of variations private to each graph. Pggb and cactus, which also incorporate base-level variation, have approximately 95% exact matches with assembly-derived small variant calls, which significantly improves the edit rate when realigning assemblies compared to minigraph. We use the three pangenomes to investigate 9566 variable number tandem repeats (VNTRs), finding 63% have identical predicted repeat counts in the three graphs, while minigraph can over or underestimate the count given its approximate coordinate system. We examine a highly variable VNTR locus and show that repeat unit copy number impacts the expression of proximal genes and non-coding RNA.

Conclusions
Our findings indicate good consensus between the three pangenome methods but also show their individual strengths and weaknesses that need to be considered when analysing different types of variants from multiple input assemblies.
Transcriptomic analysis of benznidazole-resistant and susceptible Trypanosoma cruzi populations
Authors: Lima Davi Alvarenga , Gonçalves Leilane Oliveira , Reis-Cunha João Luís , Guimarães Paul Anderson Souza , Ruiz Jeronimo Conceição , Liarte Daniel Barbosa , Murta Silvane Maria Fonseca 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Chagas disease (CD), caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, is a serious public health concern in Latin America. Nifurtimox and benznidazole (BZ), the only two drugs currently approved for the treatment of CD, have very low efficacies in the chronic phase of the disease and several toxic side effects. Trypanosoma cruzi strains that are naturally resistant to both drugs have been reported. We performed a comparative transcriptomic analysis of wild-type and BZ-resistant T. cruzi populations using high-throughput RNA sequencing to elucidate the metabolic pathways related to clinical drug resistance and identify promising molecular targets for the development of new drugs for treating CD.

Methods
All complementary DNA (cDNA) libraries were constructed from the epimastigote forms of each line, sequenced and analysed using the Prinseq and Trimmomatic tools for the quality analysis, STAR as the aligner for mapping the reads against the reference genome (T. cruzi Dm28c—2018), the Bioconductor package EdgeR for statistical analysis of differential expression and the Python-based library GOATools for the functional enrichment analysis.

Results
The analytical pipeline with an adjusted P-value of < 0.05 and fold-change > 1.5 identified 1819 transcripts that were differentially expressed (DE) between wild-type and BZ-resistant T. cruzi populations. Of these, 1522 (83.7%) presented functional annotations and 297 (16.2%) were assigned as hypothetical proteins. In total, 1067 transcripts were upregulated and 752 were downregulated in the BZ-resistant T. cruzi population. Functional enrichment analysis of the DE transcripts identified 10 and 111 functional categories enriched for the up- and downregulated transcripts, respectively. Through functional analysis we identified several biological processes potentially associated with the BZ-resistant phenotype: cellular amino acid metabolic processes, translation, proteolysis, protein phosphorylation, RNA modification, DNA repair, generation of precursor metabolites and energy, oxidation–reduction processes, protein folding, purine nucleotide metabolic processes and lipid biosynthetic processes.

Conclusions
The transcriptomic profile of T. cruzi revealed a robust set of genes from different metabolic pathways associated with the BZ-resistant phenotype, proving that T. cruzi resistance mechanisms are multifactorial and complex. Biological processes associated with parasite drug resistance include antioxidant defenses and RNA processing. The identified transcripts, such as ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and iron superoxide dismutase (Fe-SOD), provide important information on the resistant phenotype. These DE transcripts can be further evaluated as molecular targets for new drugs against CD.

Graphical Abstract
Diversity and composition of gut microbiota in healthy individuals and patients at different stages of hepatitis B virus-related liver disease
Authors: Lin Meng-Ju , Su Tung-Hung , Chen Chieh-Chang , Wu Wei-Kai , Hsu Shih-Jer , Tseng Tai-Chung , Liao Sih-Han , Hong Chun-Ming , Yang Hung-Chih , Liu Chun-Jen , Wu Ming-Shiang , Kao Jia-Horng 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) causes chronic hepatitis B (CHB), liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. The evolution of human gut microbiota during the progression of HBV-related liver diseases remains unclear. Therefore, we prospectively enrolled patients with HBV-related liver diseases and healthy individuals. Through 16S ribosomal RNA amplicon sequencing, we characterized the gut microbiota of the participants and predicted the functions of microbial communities.

Results
We analyzed the gut microbiota of 56 healthy controls and 106 patients with HBV-related liver disease [14 with resolved HBV infection, 58 with CHB, and 34 with advanced liver disease (15 with liver cirrhosis and 19 with hepatocellular carcinoma)]. Patients with HBV-related liver disease exhibited a higher degree of bacterial richness (all P < 0.05) than did healthy controls. Beta diversity analyses revealed a distinct clustering pattern between healthy controls and patients with HBV-related liver disease (all P < 0.05). The composition of bacteria (from the phylum level to the genus level) varied across the stages of liver disease. Linear discriminant analysis effect size revealed multiple taxa that differ significantly in abundance between healthy controls and patients with HBV-related liver disease; however, fewer differences were observed among patients with resolved HBV infection, those with CHB, and those with advanced liver disease. The ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes was increased in all three patient groups compared with the ratio in healthy controls (all P < 0.001). The analysis of the sequencing data by using PICRUSt2 revealed the changes in microbial functions with disease progression.

Conclusions
The diversity and composition of gut microbiota appear to vary significantly between healthy controls and patients at different stages of HBV-related liver disease. The understanding of gut microbiota may provide novel therapeutic options in these patients.
Does government health insurance protect households from out of pocket expenditure and distress financing for caesarean and non-caesarean institutional deliveries in India? Findings from the national family health survey (2019-21)
Authors: Garg Samir , Tripathi Narayan , Bebarta Kirtti Kumar 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objective
Institutional deliveries have been promoted in India to reduce maternal and neonatal mortality. While the institutional deliveries have increased, they tend to involve large out of pocket expenditure (OOPE) and distress financing for households. In order to protect the families from financial hardship, publicly funded health insurance (PFHI) schemes have been implemented in India. An expanded national health insurance scheme called the Ayushman Bharat Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (PMJAY) was launched in 2018. The current study was aimed at evaluating the performance of PFHI in reducing the OOPE and distress financing for the caesarean and non-caesarean institutional deliveries after the launch of PMJAY. This study analysed the nationally representative dataset of the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5) conducted in 2019-21.

Results
Enrollment under PMJAY or other PFHI was not associated with any reduction in out of pocket expenditure or distress financing for caesarean or non-caesarean institutional deliveries across India. Irrespective of the PFHI coverage, the average OOPE in private hospitals was five times larger than public hospitals. Private hospitals showed an excessive rate of using caesarean-section. Utilization of private hospitals was significantly associated with incurring larger OOPE and occurrence of distress financing.
On a more accurate half-discrete multidimensional Hilbert-type inequality involving one derivative function of m-order
Authors: Hong Yong , Zhong Yanru , Yang Bicheng 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBy means of the weight functions, the idea of introduced parameters, using the transfer formula and Hermite–Hadamard’s inequality, a more accurate half-discrete multidimensional Hilbert-type inequality with the homogeneous kernel as $\frac{1}{(x + \Vert k - \xi \Vert _{\alpha} )^{\lambda + m}}\ (x,\lambda > 0)$

1

(
x
+

∥
k
−
ξ
∥

α

)

λ
+
m

(
x
,
λ
>
0
)
involving one derivative function of m-order is given. The equivalent conditions of the best possible constant factor related to several parameters are considered. The equivalent forms. the operator expressions and some particular inequalities are obtained.
Quantifying the impacts of spatiotemporal land use and land cover changes on soil loss across agroecologies and slope categories using GIS and RUSLE model in Zoa watershed, southwest Ethiopia
Authors: Gitima Ginjo , Teshome Menberu , Kassie Meseret , Jakubus Monika 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Soil erosion in Ethiopian highlands is highly consistent with land use/land cover (LULC) changes that are associated with deforestation and a decline in biodiversity. However, identifying soil erosion-prone areas and quantifying soil loss in rugged terrains and various agroecologies due to LULC changes have not been dedicated to scientific studies. Therefore, we quantified the impacts of spatiotemporal LULC changes on soil loss across agroecologies and slope categories using GIS and RUSLE model from 1985 to 2021 in Zoa watershed, southwest Ethiopia. Moreover, prioritizing erosion severity risks at sub-watersheds and quantifying temporal sediment yield is essential for better conservation planning. Landsat images, rainfall, Digital Elevation Model, and soil data were obtained from field observations and secondary sources.

Results
Bareland and farmland have been expanding at the expense of other land use types. The annual soil loss in the watershed ranged from 0 to 113.21 t ha−1 year−1, 0 to 163.16 t ha−1 year−1, and 0 to 194.58 $$\mathrm{t}\,{\mathrm{ha}}^{-1}\,{\mathrm{year}}^{-1}$$

t

ha

-
1

year

-
1

with a mean annual soil loss of 21.07, 29.35 and 40.93 t ha−1 year−1 in 1985, 2000, and 2021, respectively. Among LULC classes, the highest soil loss was generated from bareland (31.73 $$\mathrm{t }\,{\mathrm{ha}}^{-1}\,{\mathrm{year}}^{-1}$$

t

ha

-
1

year

-
1

) and farmland (27.08 t ha−1 year−1 ) in 1985 later upsurged to 35.52 $$\mathrm{t }\,{\mathrm{ha}}^{-1}\,{\mathrm{year}}^{-1}$$

t

ha

-
1

year

-
1

and 59.91 t ha−1 year−1 in 2021, respectively, due to the maximum susceptibility of soil erosion risks from unprotected surfaces. The results also revealed that the lowland agroecology generated the highest mean soil loss of 24.05 $$\mathrm{t }\,{\mathrm{ha}}^{-1}\,{\mathrm{year}}^{-1}$$

t

ha

-
1

year

-
1

in 1985, 39.74 t ha−1 year−1 in 2000, and increased to 57.55 $$\mathrm{t }\,{\mathrm{ha}}^{-1}\,{\mathrm{year}}^{-1}$$

t

ha

-
1

year

-
1

in 2021. Considering the slope categories, the highest and most excruciating soil loss was engendered from steep (35.55–60.78 t ha–1 year–1) and very steep (52.48–72.69 $$\mathrm{t }\,{\mathrm{ha}}^{-1}\,{\mathrm{year}}^{-1}$$

t

ha

-
1

year

-
1

) slope terrains during 1985–2021. The northwestern part of the watershed is the most erosion-prone area which is now expanding to the central and western parts of the watershed. The sediment yield increased at the fastest rate at the watershed outlet, from 39.3% in 1985 to 94.26% in 2021.

Conclusions
The results of this study indicated that the conversion of other LULC categories into farmland was the most detrimental to a watershed in terms of soil loss, which necessitates the implementation of appropriate soil and water conservation measures with effective design by considering spatial variability to reduce soil erosion hazards.
Evaluating environmental factors using microclimate survey and computer fluid dynamics analysis of Korean traditional wooden architectural cultural heritage: focusing on the Kim Myeong-KwanGotaek
Authors: Kim YunSang 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Preservation of traditional wooden buildings is important to extend their life and to adapt them to modern society. Wood can be subject to decay, cracking, and discoloration when exposed to various climatic environmental factors, such as moisture and temperature. These issues can be particularly problematic for wooden architecture because they can compromise the durability of the building and reduce its aesthetic appeal. Therefore, in this study, we evaluated the microclimate environment of Kim Myeong-Kwan Gotaek, a wooden building important to the cultural heritage of Korea, using climate measurement equipment and computational fluid dynamics modeling. The results showed that relative humidity changes according to wind velocity and temperature. Therefore, heritage managers should aim to allow air to circulate inside such buildings as an effective strategy for preventing the decay of wooden architecture. The study provides valuable insights into how to preserve and extend the life of traditional wooden buildings. Our findings highlight the importance of developing practical measures based on analyses of the natural environment to protect such culturally important building for posterity.
Electroacupuncture inhibits dendritic spine remodeling through the srGAP3-Rac1 signaling pathway in rats with SNL
Authors: Wu Qiaoyun , Cai Chenchen , Ying Xinwang , Zheng Yujun , Yu Jiaying , Gu Xiaoxue , Tu Wenzhan , Lou Xinfa , Yang Guanhu , Li Ming , Jiang Songhe 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPrevious studies have shown that peripheral nerve injury can lead to abnormal dendritic spine remodeling in spinal dorsal horn neurons. Inhibition of abnormal dendritic spine remodeling can relieve neuropathic pain. Electroacupuncture (EA) has a beneficial effect on the treatment of neuropathic pain, but the specific mechanism remains unclear. Evidence has shown that slit-robo GTPase activating protein 3 (srGAP3) and Rho GTPase (Rac1) play very important roles in dendritic spine remodeling. Here, we used srGAP3 siRNA and Rac1 activator CN04 to confirm the relationship between SrGAP3 and Rac1 and their roles in improving neuropathic pain with EA. Spinal nerve ligation (SNL) was used as the experimental model, and thermal withdrawal latency (TWL), mechanical withdrawal threshold (MWT), Western blotting, immunohistochemistry and Golgi-Cox staining were used to examine changes in behavioral performance, protein expression and dendritic spines. More dendritic spines and higher expression levels of srGAP3 were found in the initial phase of neuropathic pain. During the maintenance phase, dendritic spines were more mature, which was consistent with lower expression levels of srGAP3 and higher expression levels of Rac1-GTP. EA during the maintenance phase reduced the density and maturity of dendritic spines of rats with SNL, increased the levels of srGAP3 and reduced the levels of Rac1-GTP, while srGAP3 siRNA and CN04 reversed the therapeutic effects of EA. These results suggest that dendritic spines have different manifestations in different stages of neuropathic pain and that EA may inhibit the abnormal dendritic spine remodeling by regulating the srGAP3/Rac1 signaling pathway to alleviate neuropathic pain.
Interventions to reduce the stigma of mental health at work: a narrative review
Authors: Ramírez-Vielma Raúl , Vaccari Pamela , Cova Félix , Saldivia Sandra , Vielma-Aguilera Alexis , Grandón Pamela 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
While there are reviews of the literature on mental health stigma reduction programs, very few have focused on the workplace. Objective: We sought to identify, describe and compare the main characteristics of the interventions to reduce the stigma towards mental health at work.

Method
The search of original articles (2007 to 2022) was carried out in the Web of Science Core Collection and Scopus databases, selecting 25 articles from the key terms: 1. Stigma, 2. Workplace, 3. Anti-stigma intervention/program, 4. Mental health. Results: These interventions can be effective in changing the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of workers towards people with mental health problems, although further verification of these results is needed as they are limited to date.

Discussion and conclusion
Interventions to reduce stigma in the workplace could create more supportive work environments by reducing negative attitudes and discrimination and improving awareness of mental disorders.
Improved accuracy and precision of fat-suppressed isotropic 3D T2 mapping MRI of the knee with dictionary fitting and patch-based denoising
Authors: Kuhn Simon , Bustin Aurélien , Lamri-Senouci Aicha , Rumac Simone , Ledoux Jean-Baptiste , Colotti Roberto , Bastiaansen Jessica A. M. , Yerly Jérôme , Favre Julien , Omoumi Patrick , van Heeswijk Ruud B. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Purpose
To develop an isotropic three-dimensional (3D) T2 mapping technique for the quantitative assessment of the composition of knee cartilage with high accuracy and precision.

Methods
A T2-prepared water-selective isotropic 3D gradient-echo pulse sequence was used to generate four images at 3 T. These were used for three T2 map reconstructions: standard images with an analytical T2 fit (AnT2Fit); standard images with a dictionary-based T2 fit (DictT2Fit); and patch-based-denoised images with a dictionary-based T2 fit (DenDictT2Fit). The accuracy of the three techniques was first optimized in a phantom study against spin-echo imaging, after which knee cartilage T2 values and coefficients of variation (CoV) were assessed in ten subjects in order to establish accuracy and precision in vivo. Data given as mean ± standard deviation.

Results
After optimization in the phantom, whole-knee cartilage T2 values of the healthy volunteers were 26.6 ± 1.6 ms (AnT2Fit), 42.8 ± 1.8 ms (DictT2Fit, p < 0.001 versus AnT2Fit), and 40.4 ± 1.7 ms (DenDictT2Fit, p = 0.009 versus DictT2Fit). The whole-knee T2 CoV reduced from 51.5% ± 5.6% to 30.5 ± 2.4 and finally to 13.1 ± 1.3%, respectively (p < 0.001 between all). The DictT2Fit improved the data reconstruction time: 48.7 ± 11.3 min (AnT2Fit) versus 7.3 ± 0.7 min (DictT2Fit, p < 0.001). Very small focal lesions were observed in maps generated with DenDictT2Fit.

Conclusions
Improved accuracy and precision for isotropic 3D T2 mapping of knee cartilage were demonstrated by using patch-based image denoising and dictionary-based reconstruction.

Key points
• Dictionary T2 fitting improves the accuracy of three-dimensional (3D) knee T2 mapping.
• Patch-based denoising results in high precision in 3D knee T2 mapping.
• Isotropic 3D knee T2 mapping enables the visualization of small anatomical details.
Identification of crucial genes involved in thyroid cancer development
Authors: Kalarani Iyshwarya Bhaskar , Sivamani Ganesan , Veerabathiran Ramakrishnan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
A malignancy of the endocrine system, one of the most common types, is thyroid cancer. It is proven that children who receive radiation treatment for leukemia or lymphoma are at a heightened risk of thyroid cancer due to low-dose radiation exposure throughout childhood. Several factors can increase the risk of thyroid cancer (ThyCa), such as chromosomal and genetic mutations, iodine intake, TSH levels, autoimmune thyroid disorders, estrogen, obesity, lifestyle changes, and environmental contaminants.

Objectives
The study aimed to identify a specific gene as an essential candidate for thyroid cancer progression. We might be able to focus on developing a better understanding of how thyroid cancer is inherited.

Methods
The review article uses electronic databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Central. The most frequently associated genes with thyroid cancer found on PubMed were BAX, XRCC1, XRCC3, XPO5, IL-10, BRAF, RET, and K-RAS. To perform an electronic literature search, genes derived from DisGeNET: a database of gene-disease associations, including PRKAR1A, BRAF, RET, NRAS, and KRAS, are used.

Conclusion
Examining the genetics of thyroid cancer explicitly emphasizes the primary genes associated with the pathophysiology of young and older people with thyroid cancer. Developing such gene investigations at the beginning of the thyroid cancer development process can identify better outcomes and the most aggressive thyroid cancers.