bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non-cytotoxic carbon nanotubes bioconjugated with fucosyltransferase 4-derived peptides modulate macrophage polarization in vitro
Authors: Guzmán-Mendoza J. J. , Sánchez-Ramírez B. , Cigarroa-Mayorga O. E. , Orrantia-Borunda E. , Talamás-Rohana P. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In recent years, nanotechnology has had an important development in nanoparticle-based therapies. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are among the most valuable nanoparticles, given their physicochemical properties and functionalization possibilities; therefore, they are proposed as peptide carriers in immunotherapies. Immunotherapy has been explored as a promising therapy in ovarian cancer (OvCa), and it has been reported that macrophage polarization into M1 and M2 phenotypes plays a pivotal role in OvCa initiation, progression, and metastasis, providing therapeutic targets for macrophage-targeted treatment. In this work, we explored the initial stages for the design of CNTs-based immunotherapy for ovarian cancer (OvCa) using fucosyltransferase-4-derived T cell epitopes conjugated with CNTs (f-CNTs). Their cytotoxicity and biological interactions were analyzed in macrophages (J774A.1) and human ovarian cancer cells (SKOV-3). Here we showed that f-CNTs do not show cytotoxicity signs in concentrations < 6 µg/mL; additionally, they induced morphological changes and activation in macrophages, time-dependent uptake in lysosomes, production of M1-like cytokines, upregulation of CD80, CD86, and MHC II, and downregulation of ARG-1. In conclusion, f-CNTs exhibited biocompatibility in both cell lines and displayed M1-like polarization in macrophages, allowing us to propose them as a peptide carrier system for macrophage activation and polarization for being explored in ovarian cancer immunotherapies.
Lexicalization of Motion Events the in Physical Environments from the Cognitive Perspective in Vietnamese
Authors: Toan Ly Ngoc 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The present research endeavors to examine the distinct contextual settings of physicality within which motion events are articulated by Vietnamese speakers. The underlying theoretical framework of this study draws upon Talmy's lexicalization patterns, offering a solid foundation for analysis. To investigate this phenomenon, a corpus of motion event verbs was compiled from ten narratives and subsequently subjected to comprehensive scrutiny using the software tools Wordsmith and Endnote. The empirical findings of this investigation reveal that within the aerial domain, motion events are primarily expressed through the utilization of path-lexicalized verbs. Conversely, within the aquatic and terrestrial realms, these events are predominantly conveyed by employing manner-lexicalized verbs. To be more precise, Vietnamese speakers exhibit a proclivity towards the use of manner-lexicalized verbs when expressing motion, as opposed to path-lexicalized verbs. It is hoped that this study will make a valuable contribution to the field of Vietnamese linguistic typology by dissecting the semantic attributes inherent in these two distinct categories of motion verbs.
The metagenomic characterization of bacterial community in aquacultured Shrimp Penaeus monodon
Authors: S DINI CHANDRAN C , SIVADASAN REKHA 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Aquaculture has grown rapidly during the last few decades due to research and developmental activities aiming at various aspects of aquaculture. The use of microorganisms in aquaculture as environmental biomarkers, bioremediators, probiotics, and as a direct food source for the cultured species has expanded further in the last few decades. However, we are still unaware of the various microbial species thriving within the aquaculture systems and their specific roles. Evidence has revealed that the diversity of microorganisms in aquaculture systems is far from being elucidated. Metagenomics is the study of genetic material recovered directly from the environmental sample. It is a culture-independent approach that provides an ample opportunity to discover the unexplored microbial community. The knowledge of bacterial communities in the brackish shrimp farming in Kerala is still insufficient.16S rRNA gene-based high-throughput sequencing revealed distinct and diverse microbial communities in the analyzed sample. Analysis of the results showed a high abundance of Betaproteobacteria, followed by Alphaproteobacteria, Clostridia, Actinobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria and Bacilli in the metagenome retrieved from the gut sample. Unclassified bacteria also contributed a significant portion of the metagenome. Microbes that play essential roles in nutrient cycling and mineralization of organic compounds such as Bacteroidetes, Planctomycetes, Gammaproteobacteria, Firmicutes, Cyanobacteria, and Actinobacteria could also be identified. Due to the strong influence of the gut microbiota on fish health, dominant bacterial species in the gut are strong candidates for probiotics. This study aimed to characterize the gut microbiota of giant tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon. These findings provide valuable information on the microbial community and contribute to control the diseases in shrimp farms.
Tumor analysis of MMR genes in Lynch-like syndrome: challenges associated to results interpretation
Authors: Pineda Marta , Rofes Paula , Dueñas Nuria , Valle Jesús del , Navarro Matilde , Balmaña Judith , Cajal Teresa Ramon y , Tuset Noemí , Castillo Carmen , González Sara , Brunet Joan , Capellá Gabriel , Lázaro Conxi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Up to 70% of suspected Lynch syndrome patients harboring MMR deficient tumors lack identifiable germline pathogenic variants in MMR genes, being referred to as Lynch-like syndrome (LLS). Previous studies have reported biallelic somatic MMR inactivation in 15–95% LLS-associated tumors. However, translating tumor testing results into patient management remains controversial. Our aim is to assess the challenges associated to the implementation of tumoral analyses in routine genetic testing workflows. Here we present the clinical characterization of 229 LLS patients. MMR testing was performed in 39 available tumors, and results were analyzed using two variant allele frequency (VAF) thresholds (≥ 5% and ≥ 10%). More biallelic somatic MMR inactivating events were identified at VAF ≥ 5% than ≥ 10% (35.9% vs. 25.6%), although the rate of non-concordant results regarding immunohistochemical pattern increased (30.8% vs. 20.5%). Standardized protocols for the analysis and interpretation of tumoral MMR testing are needed to improve management of LLS individuals.
Cr(II) and Cr(III) NCN pincer complexes: Synthesis, structure, and catalytic reactivity
Authors: Käfer Matthias G. , Eder Wolfgang , Pecak Jan , Stöger Berthold , Pignitter Marc , Veiros Luis F. , Kirchner Karl Anton 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The synthesis, characterization and reactivity of several new Cr(II) and Cr(III) complexes featuring an NCN pincer ligand with an arene backbone connected to amine donors NEt2 and NiPr2via CH2-linkers is described. Reacting the in situ lithiated ligand precursor N(C-Br)NCH2-Et (1) with [CrCl3(THF)3] resulted in the formation of the Cr(III) complex trans-[Cr(κ3NCN-NCNCH2-Et)(Cl)2(THF)] (3). Upon reaction of lithiated N(C-Br)NCH2-iPr (2) with a suspension of anhydrous CrCl2, the Cr(II) complex [Cr(κ2NC-NCNCH2-iPr)2] (4) is formed featuring two NCN ligands bound in κ2NC-fashion. In contrast, when lithiated 2 is reacted with a homogeneous solution of anhydrous CrX2 (X = Cl, Br), complexes [Cr(κ3NCN-NCNCH2-iPr)X] (5a,b) are obtained. Treatment of 5a with 1 equiv of PhCH2MgCl and LiCH2SiMe3 afforded the alkyl complexes [Cr(κ3NCN-NCNCH2-iPr)(CH2Ph)] (6) and [Cr(κ3NCN-NCNCH2-iPr)(CH2SiMe3)] (7). All Cr(II) complexes exhibit effective magnetic moments in the range of 4.7–4.9 µB which is indicative for d4 high spin systems. If a solution of lithiated 2 is treated with CrCl2, followed by addition of an excess of Na[HB(Et)3], the dimeric complex [Cr(κ2NC-NCNCH2-iPr)(µ2-H)]2 (8) is obtained bearing two bridging hydride ligands. [Cr(κ3NCN-NCNCH2-iPr)(CH2SiMe3)] (7) turned out to be catalytically active for the hydrosilylation of ketones at room temperature with a catalyst loading of 1 mol%. X-ray structures of all complexes are presented.
Curcumin enhances elvitegravir concentration and alleviates oxidative stress and inflammatory response
Authors: Godse Sandip , Zhou Lina , Sinha Namita , Kodidela Sunitha , Kumar Asit , Singh Udai P , Kumar Santosh 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In this study, we investigated the potential of using curcumin (CUR) as an adjuvant to enhance the delivery of antiretroviral drug elvitegravir (EVG) across the BBB, and alleviate oxidative stress and inflammatory response, which are the major hallmark of HIV neuropathogenesis. In a mouse model, we compared the biodistribution of EVG alone and in combination with CUR using intraperitoneal (IP) and intranasal (IN) routes. IN administration showed a significantly higher accumulation of EVG in the brain, while both IP and IN routes led to increased EVG levels in the lungs and liver. The addition of CUR further enhanced EVG brain delivery, especially when administered via the IN route. The expression of neural marker proteins, synaptophysin, L1CAM, NeuN, and GFAP was not significantly altered by EVG or CUR alone or their combination, indicating preserved neural homeostasis. After establishing improved brain concentration and safety of CUR-adjuvanted EVG in mice in acute treatment, we studied the effect of this treatment in HIV-infected U1 macrophages. In U1 macrophages, we also observed that the addition of CUR enhanced the intracellular concentration of EVG. The total area under the curve (AUCtot) for EVG was significantly higher in the presence of CUR. We also evaluated the effects of CUR on oxidative stress and antioxidant capacity in EVG-treated U1 macrophages. CUR reduced oxidative stress, as evidenced by decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and elevated antioxidant enzyme expression. Furthermore, the combination of CUR and EVG exhibited a significant reduction in proinflammatory cytokines (TNFα, IL-1β, IL-18) and chemokines (RANTES, MCP-1) in U1 macrophages. Additionally, western blot analysis confirmed the decreased expression of IL-1β and TNF-α in EVG + CUR-treated cells. These findings suggest the potential of CUR to enhance EVG permeability to the brain and subsequent efficacy of EVG, including HIV neuropathogenesis.
Arabic Translation, Cross Cultural Adaptation, and Validation of Foot Health Status Questionnaire Among Saudi Individuals with Plantar Fasciitis
Authors: Alshammari Sulaiman Abdullah , Alshiweer Mohammed Abdulsalam M , Dammas Saad Salem , Alrasheed Abdulaziz Mohammed A , Alasmari Mohammed Ali , Alahmari Mansour Mohammed , Alazmi Alwaleed Khalaf 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Measuring quality of life (QoL) plays an essential role in enabling meaningful cross-cultural comparisons. The Foot Health Status Questionnaire (FHSQ) is a valid tool for assessing both foot-specific and general health-related quality of life (HrQoL), making it suitable for evaluating Plantar Fasciitis (PF) patients.
Methodology:
The aim of this study is to translate the FHSQ into Arabic following methodological assessments of the translation procedure. The translation was done using forward and back translation. A pre-test questionnaire was distributed among 50 patients, resulting in the final FHSQ-Ar version which then underwent various psychometric evaluations among 87 person with PF, including internal consistency, dimensionality, reliability, interpretability, and construct validity against the 100mm Visual Analogue Scale (VAS).
Results
Internal consistency was adequate, ranging from 0.70 to 0.92. Reliability values ranged from 0.69 to 0.80, with poor standard error of measurement (individual) but acceptable standard error of measurement (group). Two domains exhibited floor effects while one domain showed a ceiling effect. Regarding validity, all hypothesized correlations with VAS scores were confirmed. Factor analysis revealed four dimensions, and confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated good fit (comparative fit index = 0.98, standardized root mean square = 0.06).
Conclusion
The psychometric properties of FHSQ-Ar were satisfactory. Further validation in other diseases may be warranted.
MFD: Multi-Feature Detection of LLM-Generated Text
Authors: Wu Zhendong , Xiang Hui 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
With the rapid development of large language models, their powerful capabilities have led to their rapid popularity in society. However, it not only brings great convenience to people’s life and work but also provides a favorable tool for criminals to carry out malicious behaviors. Therefore, to prevent the malicious use of large language models, there is a growing demand for a detector that can efffciently discriminate texts generated by large language models. In this paper, Multi-Feature Detection (MFD), a new zero-shot method, is introduced. MFD comprehensively considers log-likelihood, log-rank, entropy, and LLM-Deviation. LLM-Deviation is a new statistical feature proposed in this paper and has a clear distribution difference between texts generated by LLMs and those written by humans. Experiments show MFD is more effective than the existing zero-shot method. MFD improves the detection performance by 1.02 F1 score on average on the HC3-English dataset. In generalization ability, MFD is also very competitive compared with the existing zero-shot method.
3D Color Multimodality Fusion Imaging as an Augmented Reality Educational and Surgical Planning Tool for Extracerebral Tumors
Authors: hou xiaolin , Xu Ruxiang , Chen Longyi , Yang Dongdong , Li Dingjun 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
BACKGROUND
Extracerebral tumors often occur on the surface of the brain or at the skull base. It is important to identify the peritumoral sulci, gyri, and nerve fibers. Preoperative visualization of three-dimensional (3D) multimodal fusion imaging (MFI) is crucial for surgery. However, the traditional 3D-MFI brain models are homochromatic and do not allow easy identification of anatomical functional areas.
METHODS
In this study, 33 patients with extracerebral tumors without peritumoral edema were retrospectively recruited. They underwent 3D T1-weighted MRI, Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), and CT angiography (CTA) sequence scans. 3DSlicer, Freesurfer, and BrainSuite were used to explore 3D-color-MFI and preoperative planning. To determine the effectiveness of 3D-color-MFI as an augmented reality (AR) teaching tool for neurosurgeons and as a patient education and communication tool, questionnaires were administered to 15 neurosurgery residents and all patients, respectively.
RESULTS
For neurosurgical residents, 3D-color-MFI provided a better understanding of surgical anatomy and more efficient techniques for removing extracerebral tumors than traditional 3D-MFI (P < 0.001). For patients, the use of 3D-color MFI can significantly improve their understanding of the surgical approach and risks (P < 0.005).
CONCLUSIONS
3D-color-MFI is a promising AR tool for extracerebral tumors and is more useful for learning surgical anatomy, developing surgical strategies, and improving communication with patients.
Protective Effect of TNFAIP3 on Testosterone Production in Leydig Cells under an Aging Inflammatory Microenvironment
Authors: Xing Dong , Jin Yihan , Sun Dalin , Liu Yuanyuan , Cai Bin , Gao Chao , Cui Yugui , Jin Baofang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackground The aging inflammatory microenvironment surrounding Leydig cells is linked to reduced testosterone levels in males. Tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced protein 3 (TNFAIP3) acts as a critical anti-inflammatory factor in various aging-related diseases. This study aims to investigate the protective effect of TNFAIP3 on testosterone production in Leydig cells under an aging inflammatory microenvironment. Methods Bioinformatics analysis examined TNFAIP3 expression differences in aging rat testes and validated the findings in aging mouse testes. In vitro models of inflammation were established using two Leydig cell lines, with tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) as the inflammatory factor. Lentiviral transduction was utilized to manipulate TNFAIP3 expression in these cell lines. Transcriptomic sequencing identified differentially expressed genes in TNFAIP3-overexpressing cells. Results Bioinformatics analysis and validation experiments revealed increased inflammatory signaling and elevated TNFAIP3 expression in aging rat and mouse testes. TNFAIP3 knockdown worsened testosterone synthesis inhibition and apoptosis in cells, while TNFAIP3 overexpression reversed these effects. Transcriptome analysis identified alterations in the P38MAPK pathway following TNFAIP3 overexpression. TNFAIP3 knockdown enhanced TNF-induced P38MAPK signaling, whereas its overexpression attenuated this effect. TNFAIP3 was found to regulate testosterone synthesis by upregulating CEBPB expression. Conclusions TNFAIP3 exhibits inhibitory effects on apoptosis and promotes testosterone production in Leydig cells. The protective influence of TNFAIP3 on Leydig cells within an inflammatory microenvironment is likely mediated through by inhibiting the P38MAPK pathway and upregulating CEBPB expression.
VANETs Assisted Diagonal-Intersection-Routing using a reinforcement learningapproach
Authors: Rajiv Rajiv Kumar , Srin Srinath Doss 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
An appealing option for bettering traffic safety and efficiency, Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs) may provide situational awareness even when potential dangers and traffic anomalies are out of sight. It is possible to avoid broadcast conflicts and improve communication efficiency in VANETs using Diagonal-Intersection-Routing Protocol based on Reinforcement Learning (DIRP-RL). DIRP-RL uses the RL algorithm to learn the traffic statistics for individual road segments, combining the benefits of Diagonal-Intersection-Routing with static road map information. DIRP-RL use to mitigate delivery delays, improve the packet transmission rate, and find an efficient route and the impact of quick vehicle movements on route sensitivity, off-road packet forwarding is built around distributed R2R RL (RL occurs between roadside units). RL geographical forwarding uses SCF (Store-Carry-Forward) to mitigate packet loss if a local optimum is reached. Its efficiency is compared to TDRL-RP, ARPRL, DRL-ML, and QGrid. The result in terms of packet delivery rate will be achieved by 98%, end-to-end latency will be reduced by 5%, hop count will be achieved by 95%, and routing overhead will be reduced by 4% and performance will be improved by 96%.
TRIM45 aggravates microglia pyroptosis via Atg5/NLRP3 axis in septic encephalopathy
Authors: Huang Xuliang , Ye Changzhou , Zhao Xinyu , Tong Yao , Lin Wen , Huang Qingqing , Zheng Yuhao , Zhang Anqi , Mo Yunchang 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Neuroinflammation mediated by microglia pyroptosis activation is an important pathogenesis of septic encephalopathy(SAE). It is reported that TRIM45 is associated with tumors and inflammatory diseases. However, the role of TRIM45 in SAE and the relationship between TRIM45 and microglia pyroptosis are unknown. In this study, we found that TRIM45 plays an important role in regulating microglia pyroptosis and its molecular mechanism.
Methods
SAE was induced by lps in mice transfected with adenovirus shTRIM45. BV2 was treated with lps + ATP in vitro. Cognitive function was assessed by Morris water maze. Nissl staining and Tunnel staining were used to evaluate histological and structural lesions. QPCR was used to detect mRNA level of inflammatory cytokines, NLRP3, autophagy proteins. Western blotting and immunofluorescence were used to analyze the expression of the proteins. The changes of ROS in cells were observed by flow cytometry, The changes of mitochondrial membrane potential in BV2 cells were detected by JC-1 staining. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were extracted from blood by density gradient centrifugation and then used for QPCR and Western blotting analysis. In order to further explore its mechanism, we used overexpression plasmids TRIM45 and Atg5, siRNA-TRIM45 to analyze the downstream pathway of NLRP3. The protein and mRNA of TRIM45 in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells from sepsis patients were detected.
Results
Knocking down TRIM45 could protect the neuron damage and cognitive impairment of septic mice. TRIM45 knockdown can inhibit microglia pyroptosis and the secretion of inflammatory cytokines in vivo and in vitro, which is mediated by activating NLRP3/Gsdmd-N. Overexpression TRIM45 can activate NLRP3 and downstream proteins. Further exploration found that TRIM45 regulated the activation of NLRP3 by changing Atg5 protein and regulating autophagy flux. It was also found that overexpression and knockdown of TRIM45 would affect the changes of ROS and mitochondrial membrane potential. In short, knocking down TRIM45 can reduce microglia pyroptosis, reduce the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, reduce neuronal damage and improve cognitive function. The levels of TRIM45 mRNA and protein in septic patients were increased, and TRIM45 mRNA level of peripheral blood monocytes and APACHE II score were positive linear correlation in some patients with sepsis.
Conclusion
TRIM45 plays a key role in neuroinflammation caused by lps, and the possible mechanism is that TRIM45 aggravates microglia pyroptosis via Atg5/NLRP3 axis.
Proteomic insights into the effect of Broad bean wilt virus-1 infection in Nicotiana benthamiana plants
Authors: Elvira-González Laura , Carpino Caterina , Rubio Luis , Galipienso Luis 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Broad bean wilt virus 1 (BBWV-1, genus Fabavirus, family Secoviridae) infects many plants species, including important horticultural crops. Since some tobacco plants such as Nicotiana benthamiana, are susceptible to many viruses, they are used as experimental hosts and therefore there is available abundant information about these species in databases. Here, the protein differential expression in N. benthamiana plants infected with BBWV-1 was studied using Liquid Chromatography coupled with Mass Spectrometry in tandem analysis (LC-MS/MS). Also, we studied the role of viral VP37 protein which is a BBWV-1 determinant of pathogenicity in the accumulation of the host proteins. For this purpose, we agroinfiltrated N. benthamiana plants with two BBWV-1 cDNA infectious clones: pBBWV1-Wt wilt type and the pBBWV1-G4922C mutant knocking out for the viral VP37 protein. Virus infection induced the differential expression of 44 host proteins: 22 were overexpressed and the other 22 were underexpressed. These proteins were involved in important plant processes and located in different cell organelles, mainly in chloroplasts. Finally, it was identified 24 proteins related to viral VP37 protein comparing the differential expression between N. benthamiana plants agroinfiltrated with pBBWV1-wt and pBBWV1-G4922C. Relation among host proteins that were differentially expressed, plant symptoms, and subcellular alterations are discussed.