bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A neural network analysis of the effect of high and low frailty index indicators on predicting elective surgery discharge destinations
Authors: Walczak Steven , Velanovich Vic 
Published: April 2023

Background
Frailty is frequently used by clinicians to help determine surgical outcomes. The frailty index, which represents the frequency of frailty indicators present in an individual, is one method for evaluating patient frailty to predict surgical outcomes. However, the frailty index treats all indicators of frailty that are used in the index as equivalent. Our hypothesis is that frailty indicators may be divided into groups of high and low-impact indicators and this separation will improve surgical discharge outcome prediction accuracy.

Data and methods
Population data for inpatient elective operations was collected from the 2018 American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Participant Use Files. Artificial neural network (ANN) models trained using backpropagation are used to evaluate the relative accuracy for predicting surgical outcome of discharge destination using a traditional modified frailty index (mFI) or a new joint mFI that separates high-impact and low-impact indicators into distinct groups as input variables. Predictions are made across nine possible discharge destinations. A leave-one-out method is used to indicate the relative contribution of high and low-impact variables.

Results
Except for the surgical specialty of cardiac surgery, the ANN model using distinct high and low-impact mFI indexes uniformly outperformed the ANN models using a single traditional mFI. Prediction accuracy improved from 3.4% to 28.1%. The leave-one-out experiment shows that except for the case of otolaryngology operations, the high-impact index indicators provided more support when determining surgical discharge destination outcomes.

Conclusion
Frailty indicators are not uniformly similar and should be treated differently in clinical outcome prediction systems.
Human system patterns for interaction and cooperation of automated vehicles and humans
Authors: Flemisch Frank , Usai Marcel , Wessel Gina , Herzberger Nicolas 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAs the first automated driving functions are now finding their way into serial production vehicles, the focus of research and development has shifted from purely automated capabilities to cooperative systems, i.e. cooperation between vehicles, and vehicle automation with drivers. Especially in partially and highly automated cooperative driving the driver should be able to take over the driving task or adapt the driving behavior. This paper presents the pattern approach to cooperation as a method to recognize and solve reoccurring problems. As an example, the pattern approach is applied to the use case of a takeover request on a highway. The concept of Confidence Horizons, which balance the capabilities of the driver and the automation based on cooperative interaction patterns, is introduced. To estimate the human capabilities for this Confidence Horizon, a Diagnostic Takeover Request is used, in which the automation analyzes the driver’s orientation reaction to a takeover request. This allows the early detection of potentially unsafe takeovers reducing possible transitions to a Minimum Risk Maneuver (MRM).
Optimizing the channel resource usage for sensor data sharing with V2X communications
Authors: Delooz Quentin , Vinel Alexey , Festag Andreas 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Sensor data sharing in V2X communication enables vehicles to exchange locally perceived sensor data with each other to increase their environmental awareness. It relies on the periodic exchange of selected, safety-relevant objects. Object selection is used to reduce channel resource usage. Additionally, vehicles use congestion control mechanisms to avoid overloading the channel. Currently, both object selection and congestion control mechanisms operate independently. We study a congestion-aware object filtering approach combining both and improving the performance of sensor data sharing.
Robot indoor navigation point cloud map generation algorithm based on visual sensing
Authors: Zhang Qin , Liu Xiushan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
At present, low-cost Red Green Blue Depth (RGB-D) sensors are mainly used in indoor robot environment perception, but the depth information obtained by RGB-D cameras has problems such as poor accuracy and high noise, and the generated 3D color point cloud map has low accuracy. In order to solve these problems, this article proposes a vision sensor-based point cloud map generation algorithm for robot indoor navigation. The aim is to obtain a more accurate point cloud map through visual SLAM and Kalman filtering visual-inertial navigation attitude fusion algorithm. The results show that in the positioning speed test data of the fusion algorithm in this study, the average time-consuming of camera tracking is 23.4 ms, which can meet the processing speed requirement of 42 frames per second. The yaw angle error of the fusion algorithm is the smallest, and the ATE test values of the algorithm are smaller than those of the Inertial measurement unit and Simultaneous-Localization-and-Mapping algorithms. This research algorithm can make the mapping process more stable and robust. It can use visual sensors to make more accurate route planning, and this algorithm improves the indoor positioning accuracy of the robot. In addition, the research algorithm can also obtain a dense point cloud map in real time, which provides a more comprehensive idea for the research of robot indoor navigation point cloud map generation.
AVALIAÇÃO DO CONHECIMENTO DOS ESTUDANTES DA ÁREA DA SAÚDE SOBRE O DESCARTE E USO RACIONAL DE MEDICAMENTOS
Authors: Batista Neto Nadine , Martins da Silva Valeska , Bonfanti Azolin Gabriela , Desuchle Viviane Cecilia Kessler Nunes 
Published: April 2023

O uso de medicamentos traz benefícios à saúde, mas o acúmulo destes em residências, devido a sobras de tratamentos ou por ter expirado o prazo de validade pode se tornar um problema, pois encoraja a automedicação e o descarte inadequado. Desta forma, o presente estudo, teve por objetivo, avaliar as práticas de uso e descarte de medicamentos entre universitários de diferentes cursos da saúde da Universidade de Cruz Alta. A pesquisa foi realizada mediante aplicação de um questionário e a amostra foi composta por 66 voluntários. Os dados levantados demonstram que a maioria dos entrevistados apresenta medicamentos em suas residências e praticam a automedicação. Os resultados também demonstram que grande parte dos estudantes descartam os medicamentos no lixo seco doméstico. Em relação às informações sobre as formas adequadas de descarte, muitos já receberam algum tipo de informação, mas gostariam de receber mais informações sobre assunto. Portanto, observa-se que grande parte da população estudada descarta os medicamentos de forma incorreta e ainda necessita de informação quanto à forma de descarte, demonstrando uma necessidade de serviços de educação em saúde.
ANÁLISE NUMÉRICA DO MOMENTO CRÍTICO ELÁSTICO À FLAMBAGEM LATERAL COM DISTORÇÃO DE VIGAS MISTAS DE AÇO E CONCRETO
Authors: Rossi Alexandre , Nicoletti Renato Silva , Souza Alex Sander Clemente , Martins Carlos Humberto 
Published: April 2023

Vigas mistas de aço-concreto submetidas à ação de momento fletor negativo estão sujeitas ao fenômeno de estabilidade lateral, denominado de Flambagem Lateral com Distorção (FLD). A correta determinação do momento crítico elástico, responsável por esse fenômeno de estabilidade, é fundamental para a determinação do momento resistente à FLD de vigas mistas de aço concreto. Por meio do desenvolvimento de análises de estabilidade elástica com o software GBTul, determinou-se o momento crítico elástico para a situação de distribuição uniforme e linear de momento fletor negativo. O estudo paramétrico analisou diferentes seções transversais do perfil I, o vão entre apoios e a variação da taxa de armadura longitudinal da laje de concreto, no total foram analisados 576 modelos. Os resultados foram comparados com os procedimentos de Roik et al. (1990) e Hanswille et al. (1998) e foi verificado situação conservadora de ambos os procedimentos com divergências de 26,60% e 19,88%, respectivamente. Condição que pode levar a determinação equivocada da capacidade resistente à FLD, visto que o procedimento de Roik et al. (1990) é utilizado pela norma brasileira, ABNT NBR 8800 (2008). Portanto, conclui-se que existe a necessidade de maiores estudos no tema para adequar os procedimentos da norma brasileira.
Pattern of gestational complications and low birth weight: a cross sectional study
Authors: Mahboob Nabeela , Islam Liza , Hossain Ahmed 
Published: April 2023

Background: Complications of pregnancy and childbirth are the leading causes of disability and death among women of reproductive age in developing countries. The adverse events that occur during pregnancy influence the health of the child that may result in the neonatal outcome.
Method: The analytical cross-sectional study was performed to assess the association between gestational complications and low birth weight (LBW) among woman of reproductive ages at Mohammadpur fertility services and training centre,100 bedded Mother and child health hospital in Dhaka city from January to March, 2018. After taking informed written consent, data was collected about gestational complication factors, socio-demographic factors and maternal factors through questionnaire and reviewing medical documents and data was analyzed in R software.
Results: Out of total 400 live births, 114 (28.5%) babies were born with LBW. The results of the unadjusted analysis by the χ2 test indicate that sex of birth (boy or girl) (p≤0.001), household monthly income (p=0.004), preterm baby (p=0.005), duration of sleep hours (p=0.005) and mode of delivery (p=0.015), premature rupture of membrane (PROM) (p≤0.001), preterm labour (p=0.019), and overall maternal complications (p=0.004) are the significant variables to develop LBW among the mothers. Multivariable logistic regression model was fitted and stepwise regression was done.
Conclusions: Despite government has taken many pragmatic steps, LBW is still prevailing in Bangladesh. Therefore, this study is expected to help government further to review their policies, strategies and recommendations pertaining to reduce LBW in Bangladesh.
A systematic self-study and analysis in prevalence of malaria across the world
Authors: Chavan Vishwajeet Manohar , Chavan Girish Manohar , Uma Aaluri 
Published: April 2023

Malaria is a febrile mosquito borne infectious disease which is caused by plasmodium. Malaria is one of the most deadliest and serious tropical disease ever witnessed by humanity. There are five species of plasmodium which are reported to infect humans. Out of the five species plasmodium falciparum has been reported to be the most deadliest form of plasmodium.A systemic self-study was planned to analyze and study the current prevalence of malaria globally. With the application of electronic databases we searched PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, WHO website, Medline Plus, Health line & Cleveland Clinic web which were published in English language. This systemic self-study have reviewed the facts which were published earlier to determine the current scenario by vast study of statistics and derivation of facts. Vast analysis and along with proper examination of data were made to evaluate with final conclusion.We observed and analyzed various surveys and studies conducted by World Health Organization which has stated that malaria have affected 90 countries and also territories in tropical and subtropical regions. In 2019 World Malaria Report documented over 96% of malarial death has occurred in African region. According to World Malarial Report, India also accounts for 3% of global burden of malaria. We also have observed in over 50% of estimated cases of malaria in India Plasmodium vivax have been the most infectious type of plasmodium. Irrespective of any country in the world India has by far the greatest plasmodium vivax incidences.We hereby conclude our systematic self-study and vast analysis by stating these following facts that malaria is a mosquito borne infectious disease which is highly infectious and is caused by a unicellular microorganism known as plasmodium. Malaria is one of the most serious and fatal tropical disease ever witnessed by humanity. We analysed several studies and found that World Health Organization have estimated globally about 241 million clinical cases of malaria followed by 6,27,000 deaths of people. We also derive the fact that most of this death related malaria occurred in the African region. In 2019 World Malarial Report also confirmed that 96% of global death has occurred from the African continent. We further studied that India have also accounted 3% of total global burden of malaria. We further inferred based on our observational analysis that over 50% of urban malaria in India is caused by plasmodium vivax. We studied that there are five types of malaria along with the prevalence and inferred that plasmodium falciparum is the most fatal form of malaria and have accounted over 95% of death caused due to malaria in African region at 100% in sub-Saharan African region. We hereby positively conclude our self-study on prevalence of malaria across the world by drawing a report given by World Health Organization stating that global mortality rate has significantly reduced by 90% in the end of 20th century.
Study of acute respiratory infections in breastfeeding babies up to 2 years
Authors: Chengty Siddaling , Siddiqua Ayesha , VG Mujumdar , Papanka Rajkumar 
Published: April 2023

Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in less than two years of age. The frequent episodes of ARI need hospitalization of babies which becomes more equivocal to paediatrician /clinician. 94 babies upto 2 years with ARI were studied and compared with the same number of healthy babies (controlled group). Routine blood examination included CBC, ESR, PS, AEC, chest x-ray, and PFT was done only if necessary. The comparison of social-demographic students in both groups included gestational weeks, premature birth, birth weight, cesarean birth, employment of mother, siblings, habits of parents were found to be significant (p&#60;0.001). In breastfeeding comparison 60 (± 3.8) ARI cases, 74 (± 5.3) controlled group and p&#60;0.00. In the comparison of never, breastfed cases 26 (± 32) in RI cases, 14 (± 2.8) in a controlled group, and p&#60;0.00 This pragmatic study has confirmed that malnourished babies are more prone to ARI and needs to be correlated with breastfed babies and nutrition supplementation must be recommended along with treatment.
Study of C - reactive protein, D-dimer in correlation with HbA1C levels in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2
Authors: Rani C Jhansi , Venkatamani Yaamarthy , Ahmed Mohd. Iqbal , Malini R Hema , Rani B Bhanuja 
Published: April 2023

: Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease presented with chronic hyperglycemia, which causes abnormalities in the endothelial cells, proinflammatory state, altered platelet function & plasma coagulation factors that lead to a hypercoagulable state & thrombotic incidents. D-dimer is an indirect marker of thrombotic activity. C-reactive protein (CRP) is an important risk factor for systemic inflammation, so the present study aimed to determine the relationship between CRP, D-dimer in correlation with HbA1C in patients with Diabetes Mellitus. The present study is undertaken to evaluate the study of D-dimer, C-reactive protein in correlation with HbA1C levels in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. : A total of one hundred & twenty subjects aged 30-70 years were included. The patients were selected from those who attended the medical OPD at Gandhi Medical College & hospital, Secunderabad, & their samples are analyzed by Beckmann Coulter Fully Automatic Analyzer AU5800. CRP is estimated by rate turbidimetry method & D-dimer is estimated by rate turbidimetry method. HbA1C by HPLC in Bio-rad-D-10: The prospective of elevated D-dimer, CRP levels are in correlation with increased HbA1C levels. So screening of inflammatory & hemostatic markers must be done in patients with uncontrolled Diabetes Mellitus.
To determine the burden of ectopic pregnancy in the tertiary care centre (TRIHMS) of Arunachal Pradesh and its implication on the type of surgical and anaesthetic management
Authors: Saring Noyomi , Basar Tomar , Yam Narang 
Published: April 2023

The incidence of Ectopic Pregnancy (EP) is 1 – 2% in India, with mortality rate of none to 3.5%. It is considered to be emerging as one of the leading problem for woman’s fertility with major mortalities in reproductive age group.In this study we had intended to find out the incidence of EP in tertiary care centre of Arunachal Pradesh along with clinical presentation and mode of surgical and anaesthetic management. After clearance from Institutional ethics committee, patients’ with diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy, whether elective or emergency were included in this study. This study aimed to determine the incidence of EP, type of surgical intervention and mode of anaesthesia. 81 diagnosed cases of EP admitted in obstetrics ward were enrolled for this study. The incidence of EP was 22.9 per 1000 deliveries in tertiary care centre of state of Arunachal Pradesh. Emergency contraceptive pill intake was single most leading risk factor in this study, with history of intake in 28.4% of the cases. 85.2% cases had salphingectomy and 90.1% surgeries were conducted under spinal anaesthesia EP may be rising in recent trends due emerging use of contraceptive and other reproductive techniques. We conclude that the ectopic pregnancy is major cause of morbidity in reproductive female age group; however, with timely diagnosis and collaborative obstetrical and anaesthetic management, its mortality can be reduced significantly.
The study on association of elevated cardiac biomarker in patients of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Deepshikha  , Verma Sajeet , Mittal Mahim 
Published: April 2023

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the third leading cause of death worldwide, and also resulting in economic and social burden which is substantial and is significantly increasing with time. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is frequently associated with right ventricular loading and pulmonary hypertension. Study aimed to evaluate a possible association between cardiac biomarker levels and adverse events in hospitalized patients with Acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease comorbidities are important determinants of outcome and quality of life of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. An observational, cross-sectional study was conducted on 89 patients with AECOPD admitted in the medicine emergency ward of Baba Raghav Das medical college and Nehru Hospital Gorakhpur India. Acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were diagnosed according to Global Initiative for chronic obstructive lung disease guidelines. cTnI levels were estimated at the time of admission by method based on chemiluminescence with other investigations. Levels ≥ 0.01ng/ml was taken as positive. Tabulation and statistical analysis were performed using Microsoft Excel and SPSS v.17.0 software. p –value&#60; 0.05 at 95% confidence intervals taken as statistically significant. 89 patients with AECOPD were enrolled, among them mean age was 59.59±8.72. We found that cardiac biomarker elevation (cTnI≥0.01ng/ml) is significantly associated with increased mortality, duration of hospitalization, need of ventilation (both invasive or non-invasive) & cardiovascular morbidity. cTnI positivity predicted increased need of ICU admission and significantly increased duration of hospital stay (P=0.0001). cTnI positivity can prognosticate need of NIV or ventilator support. It was found in our study that ventilator support necessity & mortality was more in cTnI positive patients which shows statical significance (P=0.006).cTnI in AECOPD has close relation with exacerbation od disease, right ventricular dysfunction, so it can be used as prognostic marker for mechanical ventilation requirement in future.
To study the outcome of sacro-iliac percutaneous screw fixation in unstable fractures of pelvic injuries
Authors: Eswarapandi S , Balasubramanian G , Herbert S Azariah 
Published: April 2023

Percutaneous fixation of sacroiliac joint fractures and closed reduction gives advantages of limited blood loss, minimal invasion of compromised soft tissue, decreased infection rates and reduced operation time. The purpose of this study is to determine the outcome of sacroiliac percutaneous screw fixation of pelvic injuries in unstable fractures.This study was conducted at Tirunelveli medical college hospital from 2017 to 2019 in patients underwent sacro-iliac percutaneous screw fixation in unstable fractures of pelvic injuries. Functional assessment of patients with Pelvic fractures was assessed by Majeed Score Scale. Patients follow up was taken at 4, 8, 12 weeks, 6 months and 1 year. The study included 22 patients with ages ranged from 16-70 years with the mean age range of 39 years with 16 males and 6 females. Mode of injury was a road traffic accident in 86.36% of cases and fall from height in 13.64%. As per the Majeed scoring system all patients were clinically evaluated. The overall Majeed score was excellent in 77.27%, while good in 13.63% and poor in 9.09% of cases. As per Matta and tornetta postoperative radiological evaluation was carried out. Percutaneous iliosacral screw fixation and anatomic reduction give better stability in unstable sacroiliac joint injuries allowing good functional outcomes and early mobility. For sacral fracture and sacroiliac, joint injury with C arm guidance percutaneous iliosacral screw fixation is a minimally invasive and safe technique.