bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Screening of medicinal mushroom strains with antimicrobial activity and polysaccharides production
Authors: Narmuratova Zhanar , Bisko Nina , Mustafin Kairat , Al-Maali Galeb , Kerner Alina , Bondaruk Svitlana , Suleimenova Zhanara , Kalieva Aigul , Akhmetsadykov Nurlan , Zhakipbekova Aigerim , Lomberg Margarita 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to determine the antimicrobial activity of culture fluid and mycelial mass of selectedHericiumstrains from the IBK Mushroom Culture Collection (Kyiv, Ukraine) against bacteria and fungi, as well as to evaluate the potential of these mushrooms for biomass and extracellular polysaccharides production.MethodsThe antimicrobial activity of ethyl acetate extracts of culture fluid and aqueous-ethyl extracts of mycelial mass for threeHericiumspecies:Hericium cirrhatumIBK 2393,Hericium coralloidesIBK 2332, andHericium erinaceusIBK 2530 against Gram-positiveBacillus subtilis,Staphylococcus aureus, and Gram-negativeEscherichia coli,Klebsiella pneumoniae,Pseudomonas aureginosabacteria as well asAspergillus niger,Penicillium polonicum, andMucor globosusfungi by the disk diffusion method was conducted. Analysis of the minimum inhibitory concentration was carried out according to the broth dilution method.ResultsHigh antimicrobial activity of culture fluid extracts ofHericiummushroom species againstS. aureuswas established after 14–21 days of cultivation. No effects ofHericiumextracts againstA. niger,P. polonicum, andM. globosuswere observed. On the 7th day of submerged cultivation, the studied strains produced the maximum yield of extracellular polysaccharides. The most promising extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) producers were strains ofH. coralloidesIBK 2332 (1.89 g/L) andH. erinaceusIBK 2530 (1.90 g/L). The maximal value of biomass was produced byH. cirrhatumIBK 2393 on the 21st day of submerged cultivation (17.45 g/L).ConclusionsHericiummushrooms have significant potential for the development of new drugs with health benefits properties.
Increased Excitability and Synaptic Plasticity of Drd1- and Drd2-Expressing Prelimbic Neurons Projecting to Nucleus Accumbens after Heroin Abstinence Are Reversed by Cue-Induced Relapse and Protein Kinase A Inhibition
Authors: Kokane Saurabh S. , Cole Robert D. , Bordieanu Bogdan , Ray Chevin M. , Haque Ishraq A. , Otis James M. , McGinty Jacqueline F. 
Published: April 2023

Dysregulation of the input from the prefrontal cortex (PFC) to the nucleus accumbens (NAc) contributes to cue-induced opioid seeking but the heterogeneity in, and regulation of, prelimbic (PL)-PFC to NAc (PL->NAc) neurons that are altered has not been comprehensively explored. Recently, baseline and opiate withdrawal-induced differences in intrinsic excitability of Drd1+(D1+) versus Drd2+(D2+) PFC neurons have been demonstrated. Thus, here we investigated physiological adaptations of PL->NAc D1+versus D2+neurons after heroin abstinence and cue-induced relapse. Drd1-Cre+and Drd2-Cre+transgenic male Long–Evans rats with virally labeled PL->NAc neurons were trained to self-administer heroin followed by 1 week of forced abstinence. Heroin abstinence significantly increased intrinsic excitability in D1+and D2+PL->NAc neurons and increased postsynaptic strength selectively in D1+neurons. These changes were normalized by cue-induced relapse to heroin seeking. Based on protein kinase A (PKA)-dependent changes in the phosphorylation of plasticity-related proteins in the PL cortex during abstinence and cue-induced relapse to cocaine seeking, we assessed whether the electrophysiological changes in D1+and D2+PL->NAc neurons during heroin abstinence were regulated by PKA. In heroin-abstinent PL slices, application of the PKA antagonist (R)-adenosine, cyclic 3′,5′-(hydrogenphosphorothioate) triethylammonium (RP-cAMPs) reversed intrinsic excitability in both D1+and D2+neurons and postsynaptic strength in only D1+neurons. Additionally,in vivobilateral intra-PL infusion of RP-cAMPs after abstinence from heroin inhibited cue-induced relapse to heroin seeking. These data reveal that PKA activity in D1+and D2+PL->NAc neurons is not only required for abstinence-induced physiological adaptations but is also required for cue-induced relapse to heroin seeking.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTNeuronal plasticity in the medial prefrontal cortex is thought to underlie relapse to drug seeking, yet the subpopulation of neurons that express this plasticity to functionally guide relapse is unclear. Here we show cell type-specific adaptations in Drd1-expressing versus Drd2-expressing prelimbic pyramidal neurons with efferent projections to nucleus accumbens. These adaptations are bidirectionally regulated during abstinence versus relapse and involve protein kinase A (PKA) activation. Furthermore, we show that disruption of the abstinence-associated adaptations via site-specific PKA inhibition abolishes relapse. These data reveal the promising therapeutic potential of PKA inhibition for preventing relapse to heroin seeking and suggest that cell type-specific pharmacologies that target subpopulations of prefrontal neurons would be ideal for future therapeutic developments.
Coordination of Locomotion by Serotonergic Neurons in the Predatory GastropodPleurobranchaea california
Authors: Lee Colin A. , Brown Jeffrey W. , Gillette Rhanor 
Published: April 2023

Similar design characterizes neuronal networks for goal-directed motor control across the complex, segmented vertebrates, insects, and polychaete annelids with jointed appendages. Evidence is lacking for whether this design evolved independently in those lineages, in parallel with segmentation and appendages, or could have been present in a soft-bodied common ancestor. We examined coordination of locomotion in an unsegmented, ciliolocomoting gastropod, the sea slugPleurobranchaea californica, which may better resemble the urbilaterian ancestor. Previously, bilateral A-cluster neurons in cerebral ganglion lobes were found to compose a multifunctional premotor network controlling the escape swim and feeding suppression, and mediating action selection for approach or avoidance turns. Serotonergic As interneurons of this cluster were critical elements for swimming, turning, and behavioral arousal. Here, known functions were extended to show that the As2/3 cells of the As group drove crawling locomotion via descending signals to pedal ganglia effector networks for ciliolocomotion, and were inhibited during fictive feeding and withdrawal. Crawling was suppressed in aversive turns, defensive withdrawal, and active feeding, but not during stimulus-approach turns or pre-bite proboscis extension. Ciliary beating was not inhibited during escape swimming. These results show how locomotion is adaptively coordinated in tracking, handling, and consuming resources, and in defense. Taken with previous results, they also show that the A-cluster network acts similarly to the vertebrate reticular formation with its serotonergic raphe nuclei in facilitating locomotion, postural movements, and motor arousal. Thus, the general scheme controlling locomotion and posture might well have preceded evolution of segmented bodies and articulated appendages.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT:Similar design in the neuronal networks for goal-directed motor control is seen across the complex, segmented vertebrates, insects, and polychaete annelids with jointed appendages. Whether that design evolved independently or in parallel with complexity in body and behavior has been unanswered. Here it is shown that a simple sea slug, with primitive ciliary locomotion and lacking segmentation and appendages, has similar modular design in network coordination as vertebrates for posture in directional turns and withdrawal, locomotion, and general arousal. This suggests that a general neuroanatomical framework for the control of locomotion and posture could have arisen early during the evolution of bilaterians.
I W Rowlands, Barbara J Weir and the biology of the hystricomorph rodents
Authors: Carter Anthony M , Acuña Francisco , Barbeito Claudio G 
Published: April 2023

In brief
Current research on the genomics, ecology and reproductive biology of hystricomorph rodents relies on the pioneering studies of B J Weir and I W Rowlands. We show the enduring influence of a symposium on hystricomorph biology held 50 years ago.

Abstract
The rodent suborder Hystricomorpha comprises seven families from Africa and Asia and ten from South America, where they have undergone an extensive radiation and occupy a variety of biomes. Although the guinea pig was a common laboratory rodent, little was known about reproductive biology in the other species until the ambitious research programme of Barbara Weir and her mentor I W Rowlands. Much of their work and of others then in the field was summarized at a symposium held 50 years ago at The Zoological Society of London. Currently, there is a resurgence of interest in the reproductive biology of the South American species. Compared to other rodents, unique features include a long gestation, a long oestrous cycle, a tendency to form accessory corpora lutea and a vaginal closure membrane. There is a distinctive placental structure, the subplacenta. Most give birth to precocial young. Individual species exhibit peculiarities such as polyovulation, systematic fetal loss and an active female prostate. Here, we highlight the achievements of Barbara Weir and show how her legacy has been sustained in the twenty-first century by South American scientists.
“To Call or Not to Call” Communication Preferences Among Pediatric Hospital Medicine Team Leaders
Authors: O’Hara Kimberly , Tseng Ashlie , Herbst Lori , Moss Stephanie , Marsicek Sarah , Herbst Brian , Molas-Torreblanca Kira , Maniscalco Jennifer , Ziniel Sonja I. 
Published: April 2023

OBJECTIVES
Pediatric Hospital Medicine fellowship programs need to abide by Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education requirements regarding communication and supervision. Effective communication is critical for safe patient care, yet no prior research has explored optimal communication practices between residents, fellows, and attending hospitalists. Our objective is to explore communication preferences among pediatric senior residents (SRs), Pediatric Hospital Medicine fellows, and hospitalists on an inpatient team during clinical decision-making.

METHODS
We conducted a cross-sectional survey study at 6 institutions nationwide. We developed 3 complementary surveys adapted from prior research, 1 for each population: 200 hospitalists, 20 fellows, and 380 SRs. The instruments included questions about communication preferences between the SR, fellow, and hospitalist during clinical scenarios. We calculated univariate descriptive statistics and examined paired differences in percent agreement using χ2 tests, accounting for clustering by institution.

RESULTS
Response rates were: 53% hospitalists; 100% fellows; 39% SRs. Communication preferences varied based on role, scenario, and time of day. For most situations, hospitalists preferred more communication with the fellow overnight and when a patient or family is upset than expressed by fellows (P &lt; .01). Hospitalists also desired more communication between the SR and fellow for an upset patient or family than SRs (P &lt; .01), but all respondents agreed the SR should call the fellow for adverse events. More fellows and hospitalists felt that the SR should contact the fellow before placing a consult compared with SRs (95%, 86% vs 64%).

CONCLUSIONS
Hospitalists, fellows, and SRs may have differing preferences regarding communication, impacting supervision, autonomy, and patient safety. Training programs should consider such perspectives when creating expectations and communication guidelines.
Prediction Models for Intravenous Immunoglobulin Resistance in Kawasaki Disease: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Kuniyoshi Yasutaka , Tsujimoto Yasushi , Banno Masahiro , Taito Shunsuke , Ariie Takashi , Takahashi Natsuki , Tokutake Haruka , Takada Toshihiko 
Published: April 2023

CONTEXT
Approximately 10% to 20% of patients with Kawasaki disease (KD) are refractory to initial intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy. KD is mainly associated with coronary artery abnormalities.

OBJECTIVES
To identify and evaluate all developed prediction models for IVIG resistance in patients with KD and synthesize evidence from external validation studies that evaluated their predictive performances.

DATA SOURCES
PubMed Medline, Dialog Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched from inception until October 5, 2021.

STUDY SELECTION
All cohort studies that reported patients diagnosed with KD who underwent an initial IVIG of 2 g/kg were selected.

DATA EXTRACTION
Study and patient characteristics and model performance measures. Two authors independently extracted data from the studies.

RESULTS
The Kobayashi, Egami, Sano, Formosa, and Harada scores were the only prediction models with 3 or more external validation of the161 model analyses in 48 studies. The summary C–statistics were 0.65 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.57–0.73), 0.63 (95% CI: 0.55–0.71), 0.58 (95% CI: 0.55–0.60), 0.50 (95% CI: 0.36–0.63), and 0.63 (95% CI: 0.44–0.78) for the Kobayashi, Egami, Sano, Formosa, and Harada models, respectively. All 5 models showed low positive predictive values (0.14–0.39) and high negative predictive values (0.85–0.92).

LIMITATIONS
Potential differences in the characteristics of the target population among studies and lack of assessment of calibrations.

CONCLUSIONS
None of the 5 prediction models with external validation accurately distinguished between patients with and without IVIG resistance.
Bész egy középkori zsoltároskönyvben. Képi források a kísértő ábrázolásához a Winchester Psalter illuminációjában (Cotton Ms Nero C. IV, f.18r)
Authors: Orosz Adrienn 
Published: April 2023

ABSZTRAKTÍrásom az ördög egy kivételes ábrázolásáról szól, amely a híres román stílusú angliai kódex, a Winchester Psalter (Cotton MS Nero C. IV) 18. foliójának rectóján, a Jézus első kísértését ábrázoló jeleneten látható. Hogy megmagyarázzam, miért különleges ez az ábrázolás, összevetem a korabeli angliai készítésű kódexek kísértés-jeleneteinek ördögeivel, és azonosítom az alak inspirációs forrását, aki meglepő módon nem más, mint az ókori egyiptomi istenség, Bész. Megmagyarázom, hogyan lehetséges, hogy az illuminátor ismerte Bészt, milyen okok rejlenek a választás mögött, mit változtatott rajta, és miképp építette be az alakot a zsoltároskönyv ikonográfiai programjába.
Adalékok a Darkó–Moravcsik-vitához •
Authors: Mészáros Tamás 
Published: April 2023

ABSZTRAKTDarkó Jenő Laonikos Chalkokondylés szövegkiadásának megítélése már megjelenése óta vita tárgya. Bár annak idején a tudományos közvélemény jelentős része egyértelmű elismeréssel szólt Darkó munkájáról, a többség lelkesedését nem mindenki osztotta. A legélesebb, hasonló vitában már-már példátlanul kemény hangot éppen a fiatalabb honfi- és pályatárs, Moravcsik Gyula ütötte meg. Kettejük egyre inkább eldurvuló vitája nemzetközi nyilvánosságot is kapott. Ehhez a vitához kívánunk újabb adalékokkal szolgálni Franz Dölgernek, a Byzantinische Zeitschrift hajdani főszerkesztőjének tíz, Moravcsikhoz írt levelének bemutatásán keresztül.
Molecular MR Imaging of Renal Fibrogenesis in Mice
Authors: Chen Yin-Ching , Waghorn Philip A. , Rosales Ivy A. , Arora Gunisha , Erstad Derek J. , Rotile Nicholas J. , Jones Chloe M. , Ferreira Diego S. , Wei Lan , Martinez Robert V.P. , Schlerman Franklin J. , Wellen Jeremy , Fuchs Bryan C. , Colvin Robert B. , Ay Ilknur , Caravan Peter 
Published: April 2023

Background
In most CKDs, lysyl oxidase oxidation of collagen forms allysine side chains, which then form stable crosslinks. We hypothesized that MRI with the allysine-targeted probe Gd-oxyamine (OA) could be used to measure this process and noninvasively detect renal fibrosis.

Methods
Two mouse models were used: hereditary nephritis in Col4a3-deficient mice (Alport model) and a glomerulonephritis model, nephrotoxic nephritis (NTN). MRI measured the difference in kidney relaxation rate, ΔR1, after intravenous Gd-OA administration. Renal tissue was collected for biochemical and histological analysis.

Results
ΔR1 was increased in the renal cortex of NTN mice and in both the cortex and the medulla of Alport mice. Ex vivo tissue analyses showed increased collagen and Gd-OA levels in fibrotic renal tissues and a high correlation between tissue collagen and ΔR1.

Conclusions
Magnetic resonance imaging using Gd-OA is potentially a valuable tool for detecting and staging renal fibrogenesis.
Knee replacement surgery is more precise with
Authors: Munot Shreepal , Saraf Hrushikesh 
Published: April 2023

Robotic assisted total knee arthroplasty is one the recent advance to improve its outcome especially to address the issue of precision. Longetivity of TKA primarily depends on proper implant alignment. The Aim of this study is to compare the precision of robotic assisted TKA with the ideally planned mechanical parameters in TKA. A total of 50 robotic assisted TKA patients were included retrospectively in the study. Patient’s post operative mechanical femorotibial angle (mFTA), Lateral distal femoral angle (LDFA), medial proximal tibial angle (mPTA) in AP radiogram.and anterior femoral offset ratio, posterior condylar offset ratio, femoral component flexion, posterior tibial slope in lateral radiograms were evaluated with ideal values for specific parameter. Number of outliers were counted separately with values beyond 3 of malalignment. The mean postoperative FTA, LDFA, mPTA recorded is 0.15 ±0.70, 89.78±0.79, 89.80±0.86 respectively. The mean postoperative posterior tibial slope, femoral flexion is 3.03±0.35, 3.14±0.60 respectively. All the parameters when compared with planned ideal values (i.e. mFTA= 0, mPTA=90, LDFA=90, Posterior tibial slope=3, femoral component flexion=3) did not show significant difference. Study shows promising results with near normal execution of planned TKA. Robotic assisted TKA can be a game changer and a handy tool to improve the alignment of mechanical axis in TKAs.
Variation in the shell elements of Chrysemys picta bellii (Gray 1831)
Authors: Corsini Joseph 
Published: April 2023

Variation in the Shell Elements of Chrysemys picta bellii (Gray 1831)
Assignment of fossil turtle shell elements to a specific taxon is often difficult because the range of variation within the population is usually not well characterized. In addition, it is sometimes not clear whether the fossil forms actually differ from their extant counterparts because often the range of shell element variation in modern species has not been determined. The emydid turtles are no exception, with confusion often arising in the identification of isolated fossil elements and sometimes intact shells representing Emys, Pseudemys, Malaclemys, and Graptemys, as well as the deirochelyids Chrysemys, Clemmys, Deirochelys, and Trachemys. In order to begin providing a database with modern counterparts of the deirochelyid turtles, I have photographed and illustrated seven extant Chrysemys picta bellii shells, six of which were collected at a single pond in Nebraska and one from Ladd Marsh in Union County, Oregon . Photographs and detailed illustrations indicate a broad range in the shapes of many characters. Side by side comparisons of some key elements show that there is significant variation in several important characters (nuchal shape/sulci, entoplastron shape/sulci, and pygal shape/sulci). I also conducted a limited morphometric analysis of several sulcus/suture distance ratios, showing substantial variation between individuals in some cases. Covariance and correlation analysis of this variation suggests that allometry is not involved in most cases. In summary, this work provides a visual and morphometric dataset for aid in identifying and assigning shell elements of fossil emydid turtles.
The effects of augmented reality on students’ perceptions, awareness, and attitudes toward sustainability of endangered animals
Authors: Abidin Yunus , Herlambang Yusuf Tri , Saputra Dudu Suhandi , Susilo Sigit Vebrianto 
Published: April 2023

Preserving endangered animals is one effort whose importance should be instilled early. To realize that the education sector is regarded as a crucial sector. This effort can be realized by building and developing elementary students’ perceptions, awareness, and attitudes toward endangered animals. This study aimed to enhance the perceptions, awareness, and attitudes of elementary students toward endangered animals in Indonesia by leveraging augmented reality. This study was conducted using a quasi-experimental method with five treatments. This research involved 352 elementary school students in West Java, Indonesia. Three types of questionnaires were used to collect data. The research findings are that the perceptions, awareness, and attitudes of elementary students toward the preservation of endangered species have improved. The most significant improvement is seen in students’ perceptions. Therefore, this study concludes that augmented reality is effective in enhancing the perceptions, awareness, and attitudes of elementary students toward the preservation of endangered animals in Indonesia.
Keywords: Attitude; augmented reality; awareness; endangered animal; perception, sustainability.
Tendências do campo da biografia no nordeste
Authors: Pinheiro Francisco Felipe de Aguiar , Sales José Albio Moreira de , França Tânia Maria de Sousa , Peixoto Jacqueline Rodrigues 
Published: April 2023

O objetivo do trabalho é investigar como o campo acadêmico biografia tem reagido ao fenômeno do recente crescimento da escrita biográfica no Brasil, lançando um olhar sobre as publicações realizadas por editoras universitárias do Nordeste e as relações que estabelecem com os programas de pós-graduação stricto sensu em história e educação da região. O estudo caracteriza-se como pesquisa qualitativa interdisciplinar com aportes teórico-metodológicos dos campos da história e da educação na modalidade estudo de caso múltiplo. Os achados apontam a pluralidade de sujeitos biografados e temáticas abordadas em que ainda prevalece a tendência de biografias relacionadas ao gênero masculino. Predominam as abordagens do tipo cronológicas, a construção de narrativas lineares e o uso interdisciplinar de métodos oriundos da sociologia e da história. Há uma significativa desproporção entre as publicações de teses e dissertações e as publicações de livros no gênero biografia pelas editoras universitárias no Nordeste. As fontes apontam para um campo da biografia ainda emergente no Nordeste, mas que apresenta ricas contribuições, fato esse que parece confirmar que se vive hoje um momento de democratização da biografia.