bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In Situ Fabrication of Metal–Organic Framework Thin Films with Enhanced Pervaporation Performance
Authors: Luo Ruiwen , Fu Huayan , Li Yulin , Xing Qinglei , Liang Guohong , Bai Peng , Guo Xianghai , Lyu Jiafei , Tsapatsis Michael 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe intrinsic porosity in the periodic structures of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) endows them with a great potential for membrane separation. However, facile fabrication of crystalline MOF membranes has been challenging and limited to few materials for economic and environmental considerations. Herein, a continuous Zr‐MOF thin film with a thickness of ≈180 nm has been fabricated via in situ recrystallization of MOF nanoparticles on the porous support under formic acid vapor. Owing to the inherent microporosity and the well‐established hydrophilicity during membrane fabrication, the MOF thin films exhibit excellent pervaporation performance with separation factors of 2630, 501 and fluxes of 1.45, 1.41 kg m−2 h−1) for n‐butanol dehydration and methanol/methyl tert‐butyl ether (MeOH/MTBE) separation, respectively. The structural stability of the film has been further confirmed by its steady performance in the 10‐day pervaporation test. This in situ recrystallization method induced by a trace amount of acid vapor with no extra ingredients opens a new avenue for the facile membrane fabrication of various MOF materials to feasibly realize their versatile potential as membrane materials.
Controlling π–π Interactions of Highly Soluble Naphthalene Diimide Derivatives for Neutral pH Aqueous Redox Flow Batteries
Authors: Singh Vikram , Kwon Seongyeon , Choi Yunseop , Ahn Seongmo , Kang Gyumin , Yi Yelim , Lim Mi Hee , Seo Jongcheol , Baik Mu‐Hyun , Byon Hye Ryung 
Published: February 2023

AbstractOrganic redox‐active molecules are a promising platform for designing sustainable, cheap, and safe charge carriers for redox flow batteries. However, radical formation during the electron‐transfer process causes severe side reactions and reduces cyclability. This problem is mitigated by using naphthalene diimide (NDI) molecules and regulating their π–π interactions. The long‐range π‐stacking of NDI molecules, which leads to precipitation, is disrupted by tethering four ammonium functionalities, and the solubility approaches 1.5 m in water. The gentle π–π interactions induce clustering and disassembling of the NDI molecules during the two‐electron transfer processes. When the radical anion forms, the antiferromagnetic coupling develops tetramer and dimer and nullifies the radical character. In addition, short‐range‐order NDI clusters at 1 m concentration are not precipitated but inhibit crossover. They are disassembled in the subsequent electron‐transfer process, and the negatively charged NDI core strongly interacts with ammonium groups. These behaviors afford excellent RFB performance, demonstrating 98% capacity retention for 500 cycles at 25 mA cm‐2 and 99.5% Coulombic efficiency with 2 m electron storage capacity.
Large Biaxial Recovered Strains in Self‐Shrinking 3D Shape‐Memory Polymer Parts Programmed via Printing with Application to Improve Cell Seeding
Authors: Pieri Katy , Liu Di , Soman Pranav , Zhang Teng , Henderson James H. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractTrapping of strain in layers deposited during extrusion‐based (fused filament fabrication) 3D printing has previously been documented. If fiber‐level strain trapping can be understood sufficiently and controlled, 3D shape‐memory polymer parts could be simultaneously fabricated and programmed via printing (programming via printing; PvP), thereby achieving precisely controlled 3D‐to‐3D transformations of complex part geometries. Yet, because previous studies have only examined strain trapping in solid printed parts—such as layers or 3D objects with 100% infill—fundamental aspects of the PvP process and the potential for PvP to be applied to printing of porous 3D parts remain poorly understood. This work examines the extent to which strain can be trapped in individual fibers and in fibers that span negative space and the extent to which infill geometry affects the magnitude and recovery of strain trapped in porous PvP‐fabricated 3D parts. Additionally, multiaxial shape change of porous PvP‐fabricated 3D parts are for the first time studied, modeled, and applied in a proof‐of‐concept application. This work demonstrates the feasibility of strain trapping in individual fibers in 1D, 2D, and 3D PvP‐fabricated parts and illustrates the potential for PvP to provide new strategies to address unmet needs in biomedical and other fields.
Rhodium(III)‐Catalyzed Divergent C−H Functionalization of N‐Aryl Amidines with Iodonium Ylides: Access to Carbazolones and Zwitterionic Salts
Authors: Ren Jie , Yang Liu , Pi Chao , Cui Xiuling , Wu Yangjie 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe described an Rhodium(III)‐catalyzed divergent C−H bond functionalization of N‐aryl amidines with iodonium ylides. Carbazolones and zwitterionic salts were diversely constructed through intermolecular annulation and intramolecular proton transfer under the different reaction conditions. This protocol is operationally simple and tolerates a variety of functional groups. The efficient post‐modification of pharmaceutical molecules demonstrates its practicability.
Vacuum‐Deposited Inorganic Perovskite Light‐Emitting Diodes with External Quantum Efficiency Exceeding 10% via Composition and Crystallinity Manipulation of Emission Layer under High Vacuum
Authors: Hsieh Chung‐An , Tan Guang‐Hsun , Chuang Yung‐Tang , Lin Hao‐Cheng , Lai Po‐Ting , Jan Pei‐En , Chen Bo‐Han , Lu Chih‐Hsuan , Yang Shang‐Da , Hsiao Kai‐Yuan , Lu Ming‐Yen , Chen Li‐Yin , Lin Hao‐Wu 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAlthough vacuum‐deposited metal halide perovskite light‐emitting diodes (PeLEDs) have great promise for use in large‐area high‐color‐gamut displays, the efficiency of vacuum‐sublimed PeLEDs currently lags that of solution‐processed counterparts. In this study, highly efficient vacuum‐deposited PeLEDs are prepared through a process of optimizing the stoichiometric ratio of the sublimed precursors under high vacuum and incorporating ultrathin under‐ and upper‐layers for the perovskite emission layer (EML). In contrast to the situation in most vacuum‐deposited organic light‐emitting devices, the properties of these perovskite EMLs are highly influenced by the presence and nature of the upper‐ and presublimed materials, thereby allowing us to enhance the performance of the resulting devices. By eliminating Pb° formation and passivating defects in the perovskite EMLs, the PeLEDs achieve an outstanding external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 10.9% when applying a very smooth and flat geometry; it reaches an extraordinarily high value of 21.1% when integrating a light out‐coupling structure, breaking through the 10% EQE milestone of vacuum‐deposited PeLEDs.
Occupational exposure to PFAS: Research and protection needed
Authors: Gaines Linda G. T. , Nylander‐French Leena A. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPer‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have been used in a variety of consumer and industrial applications. PFAS are associated with numerous detrimental health effects, but workplace exposure to PFAS has only been studied in a small number of occupations. More research is needed to fully understand how workers may be exposed to PFAS and what health effects this may cause.
Expectations and clinical meaningfulness of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Petersen Ronald C. , Aisen Paul S. , Andrews J. Scott , Atri Alireza , Matthews Brandy R. , Rentz Dorene M. , Siemers Eric R. , Weber Christopher J. , Carrillo Maria C. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAlzheimer's disease (AD) clinical trials are designed and powered to detect the impact of a therapeutic intervention, and there has been considerable discussion on what constitutes a clinically meaningful change in those receiving treatment versus placebo. The pathology of AD is complex, beginning many years before clinical symptoms are detectable, with multiple potential opportunities for therapeutic engagement. Introducing treatment strategies early in the disease and assessing meaningful change over the course of an 18‐month clinical trial are critical to understanding the value to an effective intervention. With new clinical trial data expected soon on emerging therapeutics from several AD studies, the Alzheimer's Association convened a work group of experts to discuss key considerations for interpreting data from cognitive and functional measures and what is considered a clinically meaningful benefit or meaningful slowing of this fatal disease. Our expectations of outcomes from therapeutic interventions in AD may need to be modified.
Magnetic‐Flux‐Induced Tunable Completely Flat Band and Topological Nearly Flat Band in Square Kagome Lattice
Authors: Chen Chao , Qi Lu , Hu Kai‐Xin , Cao Ji , Cui Wen‐Xue , Zhang Shou , Wang Hong‐Fu 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe flat bands in a square kagome lattice containing square and triangle plaquettes, are respectively investigated, and the origin of the doubly degenerated completely flat bands and the corresponding compact localized states are elucidated. It is found that the introduction of external magnetic flux enriches the modulation parameters, making the system present many interesting results. In the case that the magnetic flux penetrates through each square plaquette, the tunable completely flat band has one more tunable parameter. And when the external magnetic flux penetrates through each triangle plaquette, excepting a completely flat band, the band dispersions of the system present the topological nearly flat band, which is very useful to realize the interesting fractional quantum Hall physics. The average density of states is also calculated to corroborate the completely FB generated by the highly localized eigenstates. Furthermore, the implementation of the square kagome lattice system based on the current photonic waveguide network technology is demonstrated. The scheme opens up a way to generate the tunable completely flat band and topological nearly flat band in square kagome lattice under multi‐parameter variable conditions.
Engineering a Copper Single‐Atom Electron Bridge to Achieve Efficient Photocatalytic CO2Conversion
Authors: Wang Gang , Wu Yan , Li Zhujie , Lou Zaizhu , Chen Qingqing , Li Yifan , Wang Dingsheng , Mao Junjie 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDeveloping highly efficient and stable photocatalysts for the CO2reduction reaction (CO2RR) remains a great challenge. We designed a Z‐Scheme photocatalyst with N−Cu1−S single‐atom electron bridge (denoted as Cu‐SAEB), which was used to mediate the CO2RR. The production of CO and O2over Cu‐SAEB is as high as 236.0 and 120.1 μmol g−1 h−1in the absence of sacrificial agents, respectively, outperforming most previously reported photocatalysts. Notably, the as‐designed Cu‐SAEB is highly stable throughout 30 reaction cycles, totaling 300 h, owing to the strengthened contact interface of Cu‐SAEB, and mediated by the N−Cu1−S atomic structure. Experimental and theoretical calculations indicated that the SAEB greatly promoted the Z‐scheme interfacial charge‐transport process, thus leading to great enhancement of the photocatalytic CO2RR of Cu‐SAEB. This work represents a promising platform for the development of highly efficient and stable photocatalysts that have potential in CO2conversion applications.
Phenylenediamine‐phenyl phosphonic acid salts toward good flame retardancy and smoke suppression epoxy resin
Authors: Wang Xinyu , Wu Kunxiong , Zhou Chenyu , Pan Zhiquan , Feng Lu , Cheng Qingrong , Zhou Hong 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAn environmentally friendly flame retardant named PO‐PA was designed to enhance the flame retardancy of epoxy resin (EP). Following the principles of efficiency and simplicity, PO‐PA was synthesized through a one‐pot reaction between phenyl phosphonic acid and p‐phenylenediamine. The chemical structure of PO‐PA was characterized by Fourier‐transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), elemental analysis (EA) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). EP containing 10 wt% PO‐PA (EP/10%PO‐PA) passed the UL94 V‐0 rating without dripping. In the cone calorimeter test, the total heat release and total smoke production of EP/10%PO‐PA decreased by 44% and 65%, respectively. TG‐FTIR and Py‐GC/MS were used to investigate the pyrolysis gases of the EP composites and PO‐PA, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), FTIR, EA and XPS were utilized to study the char residues. It was proved that PO‐PA notably promoted the formation of smooth protective char layer in the condensed phase and effectively inhibited the oxidation chain reactions through releasing the phosphorus‐containing radicals in gas phase, which was not mentioned in the similar research based on phenyl phosphonic acid.
Dielectric properties of nano‐MMT and graphene quantum dots embedded poly (vinylidene fluoride‐co‐hexafluoropropylene) nanocomposite films
Authors: Kumar Y. Ravi , Deshmukh Kalim , Kadlec Jaroslav , Pasha S. K. Khadheer 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this work, montmorillonite (MMT) nanoclay and graphene quantum dots (GQDs) embedded poly (vinylidenefluoride‐co‐hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF‐HFP) nanocomposite films were prepared using the solution‐casting technique and characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Atomic force microscopy (AFM). The thermal, mechanical and dielectric properties of PVDF‐HFP/MMT/GQDs nanocomposite films were also investigated. The dielectric constant (ɛ′), dielectric loss (ɛ″) and conductivity (σ) of synthesized nanocomposite films were evaluated in the frequency and temperature range f100 Hz–1 MHz and 30–150°C, respectively. The highest ɛ′ with relatively high ɛ″ was achieved at low frequency for increasing temperature for all the nanocomposite films. The conductivity results showed good increment from lower to higher frequency up to 100 kHz at increasing temperature. The Cole–Cole plots represent the complex impedance of PVDF‐HFP/MMT/GQDs nanocomposites at 150°C. The attained results imply that the PVDF‐HFP/MMT/GQDs nanocomposite films can be useful candidates for flexible electronic devices.
Mechanische Aktivierung von Lehm
Authors: Streit Erich , Liberto Teresa , Kirchengast Ines , Korjenic Azra 
Published: February 2023

AbstractLehm weist bekanntermaßen bauphysikalische Vorteile wie die Feuchtesorption bzw. Feuchteregulierung, Schalldämmung und das Wärmespeichervermögen auf. Verglichen mit anderen Baustoffen erweisen sich Festigkeiten wie die Druck‐ und Biegezugfestigkeit als niedrig bzw. nachteilig. Zur Optimierung von Lehm als Baustoff, vornehmlich zur Herstellung für Lehmbauplatten, wurde die mechanische Aktivierung mit einer Scheibenschwingmühle durchgeführt, um den Einfluss auf die Druck‐ und Biegezugfestigkeit zu untersuchen. Der verwendete Lehm wurde vorab gesiebt, die Fraktionen < 250 μm gemahlen und in unterschiedlichen Zusammensetzungen zu Prüfkörpern verpresst. Für Proben bestehend aus einer Mischung aus der gemahlenen Fraktion und größeren nicht gemahlenen Fraktionen konnte eine maximale Steigerung der Druckfestigkeit von 74 %, bei einer Mahldauer von 60 Minuten und 20 M.% Zugabe von Wasser festgestellt werden. Auch bei rheologischen Vortests (SAOS), bei welchen die Kohäsionsentwicklung der Probe, in Form einer Paste, über die Zeit gemessen wurde, wurde ein Maximum der Reaktionsfähigkeit bei 60 Minuten lang gemahlenen Proben erfasst. Eine Steigerung der Biegefestigkeit wurde nicht nachgewiesen.
In‐situ U‐Wert‐Messung – Teil 2: Vergleich von Messgeräten und Anwendung vor Ort
Authors: Hoffmann Caroline , Geissler Achim , Anders Steffen 
Published: February 2023

AbstractU‐Wert‐Messungen vor Ort (in situ) eignen sich für Gebäude, bei denen die Konstruktion unbekannt ist und eine zerstörungsfreie, sichere Aussage zu den thermischen Eigenschaften getroffen werden soll. In‐situ U‐Wert‐Messungen sind der Gegenstand von zwei kürzlich abgeschlossenen Forschungsprojekten aus Deutschland und der Schweiz. Die Grundlagen zur U‐Wert‐Messung, die möglichen Messverfahren, sowie Messungen mit der Wärmeflussmethode und der Rapid U‐Value‐Messtechnik (Rapid‐U) im Labor als Bestandteil des Forschungsprojektes aus Deutschland wurden in Teil 1 dieser zweiteiligen Veröffentlichung dargestellt. Teil 2 der Veröffentlichung berichtet von einem Forschungsprojekt aus der Schweiz, in dessen Rahmen eine Anwendungshilfe für die in situ U‐Wert‐Messung erstellt wird. Grundlage sind U‐Wert‐Messungen mit am Markt erhältlichen Messgeräten, die auf eine breite Anwendung zielen. Es wurde mit zwei Messgeräten, die auf der Wärmeflussmethode basieren, und einem temperaturbasierten Messgerät gemessen. Die In‐situ‐Messungen werden durch vergleichende Messungen im Labor und Simulationen ergänzt. Zusätzlich werden Kontakt‐ und Haftmittel zur Befestigung der Sensoren an den zu messenden Bauteilen getestet. Untersucht werden schwere, homogene Bauteile, damit beziehen sich die Erkenntnisse hauptsächlich auf diesen Bauteiltyp.
Geeignete Beurteilungsgrößen für die Luftschalldämmung von Haustrennwänden – Bewertung der Schalldämmung bei üblichen Wohngeräuschen
Authors: Rabold Andreas , Marxt Michaela , Schanda Ulrich 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDie Ermittlung und Bewertung der Schalldämmung eines Trennbauteils anhand einer Messgröße muss sich immer am tatsächlich erreichten Schallschutz zwischen den Wohneinheiten messen. Hieraus ergibt sich die Frage nach einer geeigneten Einzahlbewertung, die mit dem übertragenen Pegel üblicher Wohngeräusche korreliert. Soll diese Frage beantwortet werden, ist zunächst zu klären, welche Spektren übliche Wohngeräusche aufweisen. Der übertragene Pegel dieser Wohngeräusche kann anschließend anhand der Schalldämmung des Trennbauteils frequenzabhängig berechnet und gehörrichtig bewertet werden. Durch die Korrelation zwischen dem übertragenen Wohngeräuschpegel und dem Einzahlwert der Schalldämmung wird nun die Eignung der Beurteilungsgröße ersichtlich. Die beschriebene Vorgehensweise wird in der vorliegenden Veröffentlichung auf die Schalldämmung verschiedener Haustrennwände von Doppel‐ und Reihenhäusern angewendet, da diese bei den Mindestanforderungen nach DIN 4109‐1 und den erhöhten Anforderungen nach DIN 4109‐5 eine Sonderposition in Bezug auf die Anforderungshöhe einnehmen. Es werden unterschiedliche Haustrennwandtypen in Massiv‐ und Holzbauweise untersucht, deren Schalldämmung aus Baumessungen vorliegen. Vorschläge alternativer Bewertungsverfahren zur DIN EN ISO 717‐1 und übliche Wohngeräusche konnten der Literatur entnommen und durch aktuelle Daten ergänzt werden. Neben der Eignung der Beurteilungsgrößen werden auch Zielwerte für die Schalldämmung diskutiert, die eine sichere Planung von Haustrennwänden ermöglichen sollen.
Entwicklung und Erprobung eines urbanen Grünfassadensystems für Mensch, Flora und Fauna
Authors: Krause Pia , Meier Linda , Leistner Philip , Eitle Adrian , Bender Eva , Fischer Leonie K. , Müller Hans 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn diesem Beitrag werden die klimaregulierenden und biodiversitätsfördernden Wirkpotenziale und Synergien eines innovativen Grünfassadensystems für Mensch, Flora und Fauna vorgestellt. Mit dem eigens entwickelten System werden vertikale Lebensräume insbesondere für gebietsheimische Pflanzen, Vögel und Insekten erschlossen sowie klimatische Ausgleichsfunktionen für Gebäude und Menschen geschaffen. Eine interdisziplinär ausgerichtete Untersuchungsmethodik führt die Bereiche (Stadt‐)Bauphysik und Ökologie zusammen. Die daraus resultierenden Untersuchungsergebnisse aus den Sommermonaten 2022 belegen den Beitrag der begrünten Oberfläche zur Verringerung von Hitzeeinträgen in die dahinterliegende Fassade sowie in die gebäudenahe Umgebung im Vergleich zu einer Referenzbetonwand. Gleichzeitig wurde die Artenvielfalt (bspw. unterschiedliche Insekten) auf der Vertikalen, durch die Schaffung von heterogenen Lebensräumen und Pflanzenbeständen signifikant erhöht. Dadurch stellt das entwickelte Grünsystem einen innovativen Baustein zur Bewältigung von komplexen Anforderungen durch Klimawandel, Urbanisierung und Artenschwund in der gebauten Umwelt dar und zeigt Lösungen für inklusive urbane Oberflächen für Mensch, Flora und Fauna auf.
Crocetin regulates Th1/Th2 and Th17/Treg balances, nitric oxide production, and nuclear localization of NF‐κB in Th2‐provoked and normal situations in human‐isolated lymphocytes
Authors: Baradaran Rahimi Vafa , Saadat Saeideh , Rahmanian Devin Pouria , Jebalbarezy Ali , Moqaddam Maryam , Boskabady Mohammad Hossein , Askari Vahid Reza 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCrocetin is a natural carotenoid dicarboxylic acid derived from Crocus sativus. It has been utilized as natural biomedicine with healing effects. The immunoregulatory and anti‐inflammatory properties may cause the biological activities of crocetin. Nevertheless, it is not still clear how this compound acts and causes an immune‐modulatory impact on human lymphocytes. The effects of three concentrations (5, 10, and 20 μM) of crocetin or dexamethasone (0.1 mM) were assessed on gene expression and secretion of cytokines, nuclear factor kappa‐light‐chain‐enhancer of activated B cells (NF‐κB) level, and nitric oxide (NO) production in phytohaemagglutinin (PHA)‐stimulated and non‐stimulated lymphocytes. By incubation with PHA, gene expression and cytokine concentration comprising interferon (IFN)‐γ, interleukin (IL)‐17A, IL‐10, and IL‐4 were increased, along with NF‐κB concentration and NO production (all, p < 0.001). In comparison with the controls, an alteration occurred in the T‐helper (Th)2/Th1 and Th17/Treg balance in the stimulated lymphocyte toward a Th2 and Th17 response. In stimulated cells, crocetin and dexamethasone decreased pro‐inflammatory significantly and increased anti‐inflammatory cytokines and related gene expression, respectively. Moreover, Th17/Treg and Th1/Th2 balance was changed toward Treg and Th1 significantly reducing NF‐κB and NO levels (p < 0.05 to p < 0.001). Promoting effects were represented by crocetin on T‐cell subsets to Treg and Th1. Hence, it can have therapeutic value for treating predominant diseases of Th2 or Th17 cells.
Differentiated processing of emotional cues in adolescents and young adults with ICD‐11 PTSD and complex PTSD after child abuse
Authors: Iffland Benjamin , Eilers Rebekka , Rosner Rita , Renneberg Babette , Steil Regina , Neuner Frank 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe recent update of the International Classification of Diseases 11th revision (ICD‐11) introduced the diagnosis of complex posttraumatic stress disorder (CPTSD) as a distinct entity from posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Because psychophysiological alterations are a core diagnostic feature of PTSD and CPTSD, the aim of the current study was to examine potential distinctive patterns in cortical and cardiac responses to emotional words in adolescent and young adult patients with PTSD and CPTSD.MethodEvent‐related potentials and heart rate responses were studied in 81 adolescent and young adult participants, of which 17 individuals were diagnosed with ICD‐11 PTSD and 32 individuals with CPTSD, each after childhood sexual and/or physical abuse. Thirty‐two individuals served as healthy controls. The paradigm consisted of a passive reading task with neutral, positive, physically threatening, and socially threatening words.ResultsDifferentiated early processing of emotional words was indicated by differences on P1 and left EPN components. Additionally, PTSD and CPTSD patients presented with specific patterns of heart rate responses to emotional words. In CPTSD patients, heart rate reactions to emotional words were more variable than in PTSD patients.ConclusionsThese findings provide early evidence of differentiated cortical and cardiac response patterns in adolescent and young adult patients with CPTSD and PTSD, supporting a nosological distinction between PTSD and complex PTSD. However, due to small and unequal sample sizes, findings presented in the current study are preliminary and require future research.