bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inflammation severity, rather than respiratory failure, is strongly associated with mortality of ARDS patients in high-altitude ICUs
Authors: Molano-Franco Daniel , Masclans Enviz Joan Ramon , Viruez-Soto Antonio , Gomez Mario , Rojas Harvey , Beltran Edgar , Nieto Victor , Aliaga-Raduan Fernanda , Iturri Pablo , Arias-Reyes Christian , Soliz Jorge 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionIn high-altitude cities located above 2,500 m, hospitals face a concerning mortality rate of over 50% among intensive care unit (ICU) patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). This elevated mortality rate is largely due to the absence of altitude-specific medical protocols that consider the unique physiological adaptations of high-altitude residents to hypoxic conditions. This study addresses this critical gap by analyzing demographic, clinical, sex-specific, and preclinical data from ICUs in Bogotá, Colombia (2,650 m) and El Alto, Bolivia (4,150 m).MethodsA cohort of seventy ARDS patients, aged 18 and older, was evaluated within 24 h of ICU admission. Data collected included demographic information (age, sex), clinical characteristics (primary pathology, weight, height), vital signs, respiratory variables, cardiorespiratory parameters, blood count results, inflammatory markers, severity assessment scores, and comorbidities. Advanced statistical analyses, such as multivariate logistic regression and principal component analysis, were utilized to identify key clinical predictors of ARDS-related mortality.ResultsOur findings indicate that in high-altitude ICUs, monitoring inflammatory markers may be more beneficial for improving ARDS survival rates than emphasizing respiratory failure markers. Unexpectedly, we found no significant differences in clinical outcomes between altitudes of 2,650 and 4,150 m or between male and female patients.ConclusionThe study concludes that, in high-altitude settings, ARDS patient survival in ICUs is more closely associated with managing inflammatory responses than with focusing solely on respiratory parameters. Further large-scale studies are recommended to validate the impact of inflammatory marker monitoring on survival outcomes in high-altitude ICUs.
Identification and characteristics of differentially expressed genes under UV-B stress in Gossypium hirsutum
Authors: Song Xiaolin , Zhu Yingjie , Bao Ying 
Published: January 2025

ObjectiveThis study aimed to screen the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of Gossypium hirsutum under UV-B stress and identify the significant pathways based on gene enrichment analysis results.MethodsIn this study, the allotetraploid crop G. hirsutum was used to examine changes in various physiological indexes under UV-B stress, and screened out all DEGs under UV-B stress (16 kJ m-2 d-1) based on six leaf transcriptomes. The main enrichment pathways of DEGs were analyzed according to gene annotation. Finally, we predicted the regulatory genes of phenylpropanoid pathway under UV-B stress by co-expression network analysis, and selected GhMYB4 for verification.ResultsGene annotation analysis revealed that DEGs were predominantly enriched in pathways related to photosynthesis and secondary metabolism. Further analysis revealed that UV-B stress impaired photosynthesis mainly by damaging photosystem II (PSII) and inhibiting electron transport, whereas G. hirsutum responded to UV-B stress by synthesizing secondary metabolites such as anthocyanins and lignin. We selected the regulatory genes GhMYB4 for verification. It was found to be an anthocyanin negative regulator in response to UV-B stress.ConclusionsUV-B stress impaired photosynthesis mainly by damaging photosystem II (PSII) and inhibiting electron transport, whereas G. hirsutum responded to UV-B stress by synthesizing secondary metabolites such as anthocyanins and lignin.
Family functionality as a mediator in the relationship between humanization and academic burnout in adolescents
Authors: Molina Moreno Pablo , Fernández Gea Silvia , Pérez-Fuentes María del Carmen , Molero Jurado María del Mar , Gázquez Linares José Jesús 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionDuring adolescence, personal competencies serve as protective factors against social exclusion and are crucial for promoting psychological well-being and creating opportunities for growth. Family and educational systems play a pivotal role in supporting these competencies. This study aims to analyze the relationships between humanization competencies, academic burnout, and family functionality, to examine sex differences in these variables, and to explore the mediating effect of family functionality.MethodsThe sample comprised 1,092 secondary school students (584 females and 508 males) from Almería, Spain, aged 12 to 17 (M = 14.5 years).ResultsThe findings show that family functionality is positively associated with humanization competencies and academic efficacy, and negatively associated with emotional exhaustion and cynicism. Notable sex differences emerged, with males scoring higher in optimism, self-efficacy, and affect, while females scored higher in sociability and cynicism. Mediation analysis revealed that family functionality partially mediates the relationship between humanization competencies and academic burnout, specifically impacting cynicism, academic efficacy, and emotional exhaustion.DiscussionThese results highlight the critical role of a supportive family environment in enhancing adolescents’ psychological resilience and academic outcomes. The study suggests that interventions targeting family functionality could be effective in reducing academic burnout and promoting overall well-being among adolescents.
A didactic illustration of writing skill growth through a longitudinal diagnostic classification model
Authors: Ravand Hamdollah , Effatpanah Farshad , Kunina-Habenicht Olga , Madison Matthew J. 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionDiagnostic classification models (DCMs) have received increasing attention in cross-sectional studies. However, L2 learning studies, tracking skill development over time, require models suited for longitudinal analyses. Growth DCMs offer a promising framework for such analyses.MethodThis study utilizes writing data from two learner groups: one receiving peer feedback (n = 100) and the other receiving no feedback (n = 100), assessed at three time points. It demonstrates the application of longitudinal DCM via the TDCM package to analyze growth trajectories in four writing subskills: Content, Organization, Grammar, and Vocabulary. The primary focus is on showcasing the package, but substantive findings can also be helpful.ResultsThe multi-group analysis revealed similar V-shaped growth trajectories for Grammar and Vocabulary, along with consistent inverted V-shaped patterns for Organization and Content in both groups.DiscussionThe results showed minor differences between the two groups, potentially indicating the limited impact of peer feedback on L2 writing development. This could be attributed to the social dynamics between peers.
Effects of music training on executive functions in preschool children aged 3–6 years: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Lu Yanan , Shi Lin , Musib Ahmad Faudzi 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundExecutive functions is a crucial ability in the early development of preschool children. While numerous studies have found that music training has a favorable effect on children’s executive functions, there is a lack of a consistent perspective on this topic, particularly with regard to the dose–response relationship.MethodsSystematic searches were conducted of Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure. A random-effects meta-analysis was used to compute standardized mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).ResultsIn all, 10 studies were included in the meta-analysis, in which children’s music training groups showed significantly improved inhibitory control (SMD = 0.38, 95% CI: 0.16–0.6), working memory (SMD = 0.35, 95% CI: 0.16–0.54), and cognitive flexibility (SMD = 0.23, 95% CI: 0.04–0.42) in comparison with control groups. Subgroup analyses indicated significant improvements relative to the control groups for inhibitory control following music training having a duration of ≥12 weeks (SMD = 0.51, 95% CI: 0.22–0.8), occurring ≥3 times per week (SMD = 0.48, 95% CI: 0.2–0.75), and lasting 20–30 min per session (SMD = 0.42, 95% CI: 0.2–0.63). Significant improvements were seen for working memory following music training having a duration of ≥12 weeks (SMD = 0.42, 95% CI: 0.18–0.65), occurring &lt;3 times per week (SMD = 0.49, 95% CI: 0.06–0.93), occurring ≥3 times per week (SMD = 0.28, 95% CI:0.1–0.47), and lasting 20–30 min per session (SMD = 0.39, 95% CI: 0.16–0.54). Music training significantly improved cognitive flexibility following training having a duration of ≥12 weeks (SMD = 0.22, 95% CI: 0.04–0.41), occurring ≥3 times per week (SMD = 0.19, 95% CI: 0.0–0.39), and lasting &gt;40 min per session (SMD = 0.74, 95% CI: 0.22–1.26).ConclusionMusic training has a positive effect on inhibitory control, working memory, and cognitive flexibility in preschool children aged 3–6 years. This effect is influenced by certain training factors, including the duration of the intervention period, frequency per week, and length of each session.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/#aboutregpage, CRD42024513482.
Cyber anti-intellectualism and science communication during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Kuang Yan 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, science communication played a crucial role in disseminating accurate information and promoting scientific literacy among the public. However, the rise of anti-intellectualism on social media platforms has posed significant challenges to science, scientists, and science communication, hindering effective public engagement with scientific affairs. This study aims to explore the mechanisms through which anti-intellectualism impacts science communication on social media platforms from the perspective of communication effect theory.MethodThis study employed a cross-sectional research design to conduct an online questionnaire survey of Chinese social media users from August to September 2021. The survey results were analyzed via descriptive statistics, t-tests, one-way ANOVA, and a chain mediation model with SPSS 26.0.ResultsThere were significant differences in anti-intellectualism tendency among groups of different demographic characteristics. The majority of respondents placed greater emphasis on knowledge that has practical benefits in life. Respondents’ trust in different groups of intellectuals showed significant inconsistencies, with economists and experts receiving the lowest levels of trust. Anti-intellectualism significantly and positively predicted the level of misconception of scientific and technological information, while significantly and negatively predicting individuals’ attitudes toward science communication. It further influenced respondents’ behavior in disseminating scientific and technological information through the chain mediation of scientific misconception and attitudes toward science communication.ConclusionThis research enriches the conceptual framework of anti-intellectualism across various cultural contexts, as well as the theoretical framework concerning the interaction between anti-intellectualism and science communication. The findings provide suggestions for developing strategies to enhance the effectiveness of science communication and risk communication during public emergencies.
Potential profiling of social alienation in older female patients with stress urinary incontinence
Authors: Li Yakun , Wang Hongxia 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundWith the global trend of aging, stress urinary incontinence is becoming more common in older adults, which may have some impact on patients' quality of life. Social alienation can generate negative emotions such as anxiety, depression, loneliness, and morbid stigma, and reduce patients' quality of life. However, the current status of social alienation is different among different older adult female patients with stress urinary incontinence. Therefore, this study categorizes older adult female stress urinary incontinence patients through potential analysis to understand the category characteristics of social alienation level of older adult female stress urinary incontinence patients, and explores the influencing factors of social alienation level of different categories of older adult female stress urinary incontinence patients, which can provide a reference to personalized intervention programs for the characteristics of social alienation of older adult female stress urinary incontinence in the future.MethodA convenience sampling method was used to select 365 cases of older adult female stress urinary incontinence patients from March 2023 to April 2024 in three communities in Jinzhou City. The General Information Questionnaire, the Family Care Index Scale, the Toronto Alexithymia Scale, and the General Alienation Scale were used to conduct the survey.ResultsA total of 365 respondents were included, and three potential categories of social alienation were finally identified, namely, low social alienation (29.0%), medium social alienation-self alienation (49.4%), and high social alienation (21.6%). The results of multifactorial logistic regression analysis showed that occupational status, marital status, whether living alone, place of residence, BMI, whether other chronic diseases, level of narrative disorders, and level of family care were the influencing factors of social alienation in older adult female patients with stress urinary incontinence (P &lt; 0.05).ConclusionThe social alienation of older adult female patients with stress urinary incontinence is characterized by a significant number of categories, and healthcare professionals can identify the characteristics and influencing factors of each category at an early stage, which can provide a basis for the development of targeted clinical interventions to help patients reduce the level of social alienation.
Multifaceted impacts of double-aging neighborhood’s built environments on SAIP: a deep dive into Chinese rapidly aging urban society
Authors: Qian Yue , Qiao Guanmin , Zhang Guoping , He Xianjing , Ma Renfeng 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionThe healthy aging of older adults in dual-older adult communities is influenced by multiple factors, and understanding its underlying mechanisms can promote healthy aging among the older adults in a wide range of developing countries. This comprehensive study delves into the intricate interplay between multifaceted built environmental factors, and their direct and indirect effects on the successful AIP residing in double-aging neighborhoods.MethodsApplying a series of HLM, the research meticulously explores the intricate links between SAIP and multi-scale aging spaces, including home space, community social participation, and built environments.ResultsThe results show that: (1) Older adults people’s need for spiritual comfort derived from home space exceed the need for financial support and family care, becoming a major positive factor for SAIP; (2) The neighborhood based on acquaintance society, partly replace the role of home-based care in influencing SAIP. Especially, community participation has a positive impact, serving as an extension of the home space, such as college for senior citizens and outdoor activity space; (3) The built environment of double-aging neighborhoods has a significant positive effect, with a sense of place identity replacing the reliance on family members and acquaintances to facilitate SAIP; (4) In high-density old district, the distribution of public facilities is saturated, and the proper utilizes of these facilities becomes an important factor affecting SAIP.DiscussionWe provide a multi-factorial perspective of SAIP, demonstrating the compensatory and substitutional roles of community-based older adults care services and friendly neighborhood relationships in fulfilling home-based older adults care functions. This approach better promotes the construction of age-friendly communities and supports SAIP.
How exercise frequency affects BMI: a nationwide cross-sectional study exploring key influencing factors, including dietary behavior
Authors: Zhang Ming , Guan Qinyi , Mai Jianrong , Li Si , Liu Chengwu , Zhou Ling , Lin Lina , Teng Kaisheng 
Published: January 2025

PurposeBody Mass Index (BMI) is an important indicator for assessing obesity and related health risks. With the rapid socio-economic development and changes in lifestyle, abnormal BMI (such as underweight, overweight, and obesity) has become an increasingly serious public health issue. This study aims to explore the impact of exercise frequency on BMI among Chinese adults aged 19 to 59, and to analyze the role of dietary behaviors in regulating BMI, providing a basis for BMI intervention strategies.MethodThe study employs a multi-stage sampling method across 23 provinces, provincial capitals, and four municipalities in China, randomly selecting 120 cities from each region. Online surveys were conducted using Wenjuanxing by trained surveyors.ResultA total of 8,611 individuals participated in the survey. Among them, 1,066 (12.38%) had a BMI &lt; 18.5, 5,354 (62.18%) had a BMI between 18.5 and 23.9, and 2,191 (25.44%) had a BMI ≥ 24. Factors such as gender, age, marital status, monthly household income, smoking, and alcohol consumption significantly affected BMI (p &lt; 0.05). The overall impact of exercise on abnormal BMI was −0.003, with a direct effect of −0.005. The mediating effect of dietary behaviors between exercise and abnormal BMI was 0.002, accounting for 92.48% of the total effect.ConclusionThis study highlights the widespread prevalence of abnormal BMI among individuals aged 19 to 59 in China. A single exercise intervention may be insufficient to effectively improve abnormal BMI; thus, it should be combined with strategies aimed at enhancing dietary behaviors.
Prediction of outpatient rehabilitation patient preferences and optimization of graded diagnosis and treatment based on XGBoost machine learning algorithm
Authors: Fan Xuehui , Ye Ruixue , Gao Yan , Xue Kaiwen , Zhang Zeyu , Xu Jing , Zhao Jingpu , Feng Jun , Wang Yulong 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundThe Department of Rehabilitation Medicine is key to improving patients’ quality of life. Driven by chronic diseases and an aging population, there is a need to enhance the efficiency and resource allocation of outpatient facilities. This study aims to analyze the treatment preferences of outpatient rehabilitation patients by using data and a grading tool to establish predictive models. The goal is to improve patient visit efficiency and optimize resource allocation through these predictive models.MethodsData were collected from 38 Chinese institutions, including 4,244 patients visiting outpatient rehabilitation clinics. Data processing was conducted using Python software. The pandas library was used for data cleaning and preprocessing, involving 68 categorical and 12 continuous variables. The steps included handling missing values, data normalization, and encoding conversion. The data were divided into 80% training and 20% test sets using the Scikit-learn library to ensure model independence and prevent overfitting. Performance comparisons among XGBoost, random forest, and logistic regression were conducted using metrics, including accuracy and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The imbalanced learning library’s SMOTE technique was used to address the sample imbalance during model training. The model was optimized using a confusion matrix and feature importance analysis, and partial dependence plots (PDP) were used to analyze the key influencing factors.ResultsXGBoost achieved the highest overall accuracy of 80.21% with high precision and recall in Category 1. random forest showed a similar overall accuracy. Logistic Regression had a significantly lower accuracy, indicating difficulties with nonlinear data. The key influencing factors identified include distance to medical institutions, arrival time, length of hospital stay, and specific diseases, such as cardiovascular, pulmonary, oncological, and orthopedic conditions. The tiered diagnosis and treatment tool effectively helped doctors assess patients’ conditions and recommend suitable medical institutions based on rehabilitation grading.ConclusionThis study confirmed that ensemble learning methods, particularly XGBoost, outperform single models in classification tasks involving complex datasets. Addressing class imbalance and enhancing feature engineering can further improve model performance. Understanding patient preferences and the factors influencing medical institution selection can guide healthcare policies to optimize resource allocation, improve service quality, and enhance patient satisfaction. Tiered diagnosis and treatment tools play a crucial role in helping doctors evaluate patient conditions and make informed recommendations for appropriate medical care.
Exploring factors that influence the behavior response to novel object tests in young thoroughbred horses: investigating sex, test site and auction history
Authors: Klitzing Lara , Kirsch Katharina , Schindler Maria , Merle Roswitha , Hoffmann Gundula , Thöne-Reineke Christa , Wiegard Mechthild 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionThe novel object test is one of the three most common fear tests in veterinary science and employed in several different species. Although having been applied in several different studies in horses, it is surprising that there is no standardized test procedure available for these kinds of tests.MethodsThis study investigated the performance of the novel object test on 42 young Thoroughbred horses to determine the effect of sex (mare or stallion), test sites (round pen or paddock) and whether the horses had previously participated in an auction or not on the behavior during the novel object test.ResultsDifferences in horses’ behavior during the novel object test were primarily attributed to the test sites. The animals showed significant (p &lt; 0.05) intra-individual differences in the novel object test in the round pen and in the paddock. Sex did not affect the direct interaction with the novel object. The horses that had not participated in an auction seemed to actively perceive the novel object more quickly, so that the latency to first fixation on the object was significantly shorter.DiscussionIn order to obtain comparable results, it is recommended that novel object tests should be performed at the same location and under identical conditions. Furthermore, it is important to consider the individual behavior of each horse.
New Species of Empidinae (Diptera) from San Rossore National Park, Italy, with the First Report on Leg Polymorphism in the Genus Hilara Meigen and Their DNA Barcoding Evidence
Authors: Barták Miroslav , Kozánek Milan , Belcari Antonio , Tóthová Andrea Š. 
Published: January 2025

Altogether three species of Empidinae are described from San Rossore National Park, Italy: Empis (Euempis) sanrossorensis Barták sp. nov., Hilara polymorpha Barták sp. nov., and Rhamphomyia (Megacyttarus) sanrossorensis Barták sp. nov. Polymorphism in the shape of foreleg in Hilara is reported for the first time. The COI sequences for barcoding purposes and upcoming studies are provided.