bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The relationship between exposure to noise and hearing loss in orthopaedics
Authors: Mistry Dylan , Ahmed Usman , Aujla Randeep , Aslam Nadim , D’Alessandro Peter , Malik Shahbaz 
Published: June 2023

AimsIn the UK, the agricultural, military, and construction sectors have stringent rules about the use of hearing protection due to the risk of noise-induced hearing loss. Orthopaedic staff may also be at risk due to the use of power tools. The UK Health and Safety Executive (HSE) have clear standards as to what are deemed acceptable occupational levels of noise on A-weighted and C-weighted scales. The aims of this review were to assess the current evidence on the testing of exposure to noise in orthopaedic operating theatres to see if it exceeds these regulations.MethodsA search of PubMed and EMBASE databases was conducted using PRISMA guidelines. The review was registered prospectively in PROSPERO. Studies which assessed the exposure to noise for orthopaedic staff in operating theatres were included. Data about the exposure to noise were extracted from these studies and compared with the A-weighted and C-weighted acceptable levels described in the HSE regulations.ResultsA total of 15 studies were deemed eligible. These included a total of 386 orthopaedic operations and the use of 64 orthopaedic instruments. A total of 294 operations (76%) and 45 instruments (70%) exceeded the regulations on an A-weighted scale, and 22% (10 of 46) of operations exceeded the maximum C-weighted peak acceptable level of noise. Noise-induced hearing loss was reported in 28 of 55 orthopaedic staff members (50.9%).ConclusionSafe levels of noise can be exceeded in orthopaedic operations, and when using orthopaedic instruments. Employers have clear policies about exposure to noise in the workplace but have yet to identify orthopaedic theatres as a potential at-risk area. Orthopaedic staff need education, monitoring, and protection, while employers should consider regular assessments of staff in orthopaedic theatres and offer methods to prevent noise-induced hearing loss.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2023;105-B(6):602–609.
Patellar resurfacing versus retention in cruciate-retaining and posterior-stabilized total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Simpson Cameron J. R. W. , Wright Evan , Ng Nathan , Yap Ngee J. , Ndou Solomon , Scott Chloe E. H. , Clement Nick D. 
Published: June 2023

AimsThis systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to compare the influence of patellar resurfacing following cruciate-retaining (CR) and posterior-stabilized (PS) total knee arthroplasty (TKA) on the incidence of anterior knee pain, knee-specific patient-reported outcome measures, complication rates, and reoperation rates.MethodsA systematic review of MEDLINE, PubMed, and Google Scholar was performed to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) according to search criteria. Search terms used included: arthroplasty, replacement, knee (Mesh), TKA, prosthesis, patella, patellar resurfacing, and patellar retaining. RCTs that compared patellar resurfacing versus unresurfaced in primary TKA were included for further analysis. Studies were evaluated using the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network assessment tool for quality and minimization of bias. Data were synthesized and meta-analysis performed.ResultsThere were 4,135 TKAs (2,068 resurfaced and 2,027 unresurfaced) identified in 35 separate cohorts from 33 peer-reviewed studies. Anterior knee pain rates were significantly higher in unresurfaced knees overall (odds ratio (OR) 1.84; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.20 to 2.83; p = 0.006) but more specifically associated with CR implants (OR 1.95; 95% CI 1.0 to 3.52; p = 0.030). There was a significantly better Knee Society function score (mean difference (MD) -1.98; 95% CI -1.1 to -2.84; p < 0.001) and Oxford Knee Score (MD -2.24; 95% CI -0.07 to -4.41; p = 0.040) for PS implants when patellar resurfacing was performed, but these differences did not exceed the minimal clinically important difference for these scores. There were no significant differences in complication rates or infection rates according to implant design. There was an overall significantly higher reoperation rate for unresurfaced TKA (OR 1.46 (95% CI 1.04 to 2.06); p = 0.030) but there was no difference between PS or CR TKA.ConclusionPatellar resurfacing, when performed with CR implants, resulted in lower rates of anterior knee pain and, when used with a PS implant, yielded better knee-specific functional outcomes. Patellar resurfacing was associated with a lower risk of reoperation overall, but implant type did not influence this.Cite this article:Bone Joint J 2023;105-B(6):622–634.
Predicting five-year mortality in soft-tissue sarcoma patients
Authors: Yeramosu Teja , Ahmad Waleed , Bashir Azhar , Wait Jacob , Bassett James , Domson Gregory 
Published: June 2023

AimsThe aim of this study was to identify factors associated with five-year cancer-related mortality in patients with limb and trunk soft-tissue sarcoma (STS) and develop and validate machine learning algorithms in order to predict five-year cancer-related mortality in these patients.MethodsDemographic, clinicopathological, and treatment variables of limb and trunk STS patients in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program (SEER) database from 2004 to 2017 were analyzed. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine factors significantly associated with five-year cancer-related mortality. Various machine learning models were developed and compared using area under the curve (AUC), calibration, and decision curve analysis. The model that performed best on the SEER testing data was further assessed to determine the variables most important in its predictive capacity. This model was externally validated using our institutional dataset.ResultsA total of 13,646 patients with STS from the SEER database were included, of whom 35.9% experienced five-year cancer-related mortality. The random forest model performed the best overall and identified tumour size as the most important variable when predicting mortality in patients with STS, followed by M stage, histological subtype, age, and surgical excision. Each variable was significant in logistic regression. External validation yielded an AUC of 0.752.ConclusionThis study identified clinically important variables associated with five-year cancer-related mortality in patients with limb and trunk STS, and developed a predictive model that demonstrated good accuracy and predictability. Orthopaedic oncologists may use these findings to further risk-stratify their patients and recommend an optimal course of treatment.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2023;105-B(6):702–710.
Comparison of long-term clinical and radiological outcomes for cemented keel, cemented peg, and hybrid cage glenoids with anatomical total shoulder arthroplasty using the same humeral component
Authors: Friedman Richard J. , Boettcher Marissa L. , Grey Sean , Flurin Pierre-Henri , Wright Thomas W. , Zuckerman Joseph D. , Eichinger Josef K. , Roche Christopher 
Published: June 2023

AimsThe aim of this study was to longitudinally compare the clinical and radiological outcomes of anatomical total shoulder arthroplasty (aTSA) up to long-term follow-up, when using cemented keel, cemented peg, and hybrid cage peg glenoid components and the same humeral system.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed a multicentre, international clinical database of a single platform shoulder system to compare the short-, mid-, and long-term clinical outcomes associated with three designs of aTSA glenoid components: 294 cemented keel, 527 cemented peg, and 981 hybrid cage glenoids. Outcomes were evaluated at 4,746 postoperative timepoints for 1,802 primary aTSA, with a mean follow-up of 65 months (24 to 217).ResultsRelative to their preoperative condition, each glenoid cohort had significant improvements in clinical outcomes from two years to ten years after surgery. Patients with cage glenoids had significantly better clinical outcomes, with higher patient-reported outcome scores and significantly increased active range of motion, compared with those with keel and peg glenoids. Those with cage glenoids also had significantly fewer complications (keel: 13.3%, peg: 13.1%, cage: 7.4%), revisions (keel: 7.1%, peg 9.7%, cage 3.5%), and aseptic glenoid loosening and failure (keel: 4.7%, peg: 5.8%, cage: 2.5%). Regarding radiological outcomes, 70 patients (11.2%) with cage glenoids had glenoid radiolucent lines (RLLs). The cage glenoid RLL rate was 3.3-times (p < 0.001) less than those with keel glenoids (37.3%) and 4.6-times (p < 0.001) less than those with peg glenoids (51.2%).ConclusionThese findings show that good long-term clinical and radiological outcomes can be achieved with each of the three aTSA designs of glenoid component analyzed in this study. However, there were some differences in clinical and radiological outcomes: generally, cage glenoids performed best, followed by cemented keel glenoids, and finally cemented peg glenoids.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2023;105-B(6):668–678.
Coronal translation of the forearm, proximal capitate, and ulnar styloid predict radial inclination in distal radius fractures in older female patients
Authors: Johnston Geoffrey H. F. , Mastel Matthew , Sims Laura A. , Cheng Yanzhao 
Published: June 2023

AimsThe aims of this study were to identify means to quantify coronal plane displacement associated with distal radius fractures (DRFs), and to understand their relationship to radial inclination (RI).MethodsFrom posteroanterior digital radiographs of healed DRFs in 398 female patients aged 70 years or older, and 32 unfractured control wrists, the relationships of RI, quantifiably, to four linear measurements made perpendicular to reference distal radial shaft (DRS) and ulnar shaft (DUS) axes were analyzed: 1) DRS to radial aspect of ulnar head (DRS-U); 2) DUS to volar-ulnar corner of distal radius (DUS-R); 3) DRS to proximal capitate (DRS-PC); and 4) DRS to DUS (interaxis distance, IAD); and, qualitatively, to the distal ulnar fracture, and its intersection with the DUS axis.ResultsIn the study (fracture) and control groups, respectively, the mean values were: RI, 17.2° (SD 7.2°; -7° to 35°) and 25.6° (SD 2.6°; 21° to 30°); DRS-U, 13.5 mm (SD 1.7; 4.9 to 20.8) and 15.3 mm (SD 0.72; 13.8 to 16.3); DUS-R, 13.4 mm (SD 2.1; 4.8 to 18.5) and 12.0 mm (SD 0.99; 9.7 to 13.9); DRS-PC (positive value radial to DRS, negative value ulnar), 0.14 mm (SD 5.4; -10.9 to 22.7) and -6.1 mm (SD 1.6; -10.6 to -2.3); and IAD, 25.3 mm (SD 2.5; 17.6 to 31.1) and 27.1 mm (SD 1.5; 24.5 to 31.0). All means were significantly different between the study and control groups. RI correlated strongly with DRS-PC. Ulnar styloid fracture intersection with the DUS axis, reflective of ulnar translation of both radial and ulnar shafts, was associated with significantly lower RI.ConclusionAfter DRF, the relationship of the proximal capitate to the DRS axis in the coronal plane correlates with the final radial inclination. Additionally, ulnar styloid intersection with the DUS axis is associated with even lower radial inclination. DRF reduction should seek to restore the normal coronal relationship of both radial and ulnar shafts to their distal counterparts.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2023;105-B(6):688–695.
Multiple Langerhans cell histiocytosis with spinal involvement
Authors: Lou Yan , Zhao Chenglong , Cao Haotian , Yan Bing , Chen Dingbang , Jia Qi , Li Lin , Xiao Jianru 
Published: June 2023

AimsThe aim of this study was to report the long-term prognosis of patients with multiple Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) involving the spine, and to analyze the risk factors for progression-free survival (PFS).MethodsWe included 28 patients with multiple LCH involving the spine treated between January 2009 and August 2021. Kaplan-Meier methods were applied to estimate overall survival (OS) and PFS. Univariate Cox regression analysis was used to identify variables associated with PFS.ResultsPatients with multiple LCH involving the spine accounted for 15.4% (28/182 cases) of all cases of spinal LCH: their lesions primarily involved the thoracic and lumbar spines. The most common symptom was pain, followed by neurological dysfunction. All patients presented with osteolytic bone destruction, and 23 cases were accompanied by a paravertebral soft-tissue mass. The incidence of vertebra plana was low, whereas the oversleeve-like sign was a more common finding. The alkaline phosphatase was significantly higher in patients with single-system multifocal bone LCH than in patients with multisystem LCH. At final follow-up, one patient had been lost to follow-up, two patients had died, three patients had local recurrence, six patients had distant involvement, and 17 patients were alive with disease. The median PFS and OS were 50.5 months (interquartile range (IQR) 23.5 to 63.1) and 60.5 months (IQR 38.0 to 73.3), respectively. Stage (hazard ratio (HR) 4.324; p < 0.001) and chemotherapy (HR 0.203; p < 0.001) were prognostic factors for PFS.ConclusionPain is primarily due to segmental instability of the spine from its destruction by LCH. Chemotherapy can significantly improve PFS, and radiotherapy has achieved good results in local control. The LCH lesions in some patients will continue to progress. It may initially appear as an isolated or single-system LCH, but will gradually involve multiple sites or systems. Therefore, long-term follow-up and timely intervention are important for patients with spinal LCH.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2023;105-B(6):679–687.
Radiological hip shape and patient-reported outcome measures in healed Perthes’ disease
Authors: Ali Mohammed S. , Khattak Mohammed , Metcalfe David , Perry Daniel C. 
Published: June 2023

AimsThis study aimed to evaluate the relationship between hip shape and mid-term function in Perthes’ disease. It also explored whether the modified three-group Stulberg classification can offer similar prognostic information to the five-group system.MethodsA total of 136 individuals aged 12 years or older who had Perthes’ disease in childhood completed the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Mobility score (function), Nonarthritic Hip Score (NAHS) (function), EuroQol five-dimension five-level questionnaire (EQ-5D-5L) score (quality of life), and the numeric rating scale for pain (NRS). The Stulberg class of the participants’ hip radiographs were evaluated by three fellowship-trained paediatric orthopaedic surgeons. Hip shape and Stulberg class were compared to PROM scores.ResultsA spherical hip was associated with the highest function and quality of life, and lowest pain. Conversely, aspherical hips exhibited the lowest functional scores and highest pain. The association between worsening Stulberg class (i.e. greater deviation from sphericity) and worse outcome persisted after adjustment for age and sex in relation to PROMIS (predicted mean difference -1.77 (95% confidence interval (CI) -2.70 to -0.83)), NAHS (-5.68 (95% CI -8.45 to -2.90)), and NRS (0.61 (95% CI 0.14 to 1.08)), but not EQ-5D-5L (-0.03 (95% CI -0.72 to 0.11)).ConclusionPatient-reported outcomes identify lower function, quality of life, and higher pain in aspherical hips. The magnitude of symptoms deteriorated with time. Hip sphericity (i.e. the modified three-group classification of spherical, oval, and aspherical) appeared to offer similar levels of detail to the five-group Stulberg classification.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2023;105-B(6):711–716.
Inflammatory bowel disease is associated with an increased risk of adverse events in patients undergoing joint arthroplasty
Authors: Xu Dongdong , Ding Cheng , Cheng Tao , Yang Chao , Zhang Xianlong 
Published: June 2023

AimsThe present study aimed to investigate whether patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) undergoing joint arthroplasty have a higher incidence of adverse outcomes than those without IBD.MethodsA comprehensive literature search was conducted to identify eligible studies reporting postoperative outcomes in IBD patients undergoing joint arthroplasty. The primary outcomes included postoperative complications, while the secondary outcomes included unplanned readmission, length of stay (LOS), joint reoperation/implant revision, and cost of care. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a random-effects model when heterogeneity was substantial.ResultsEight retrospective studies involving 29,738 patients with IBD were included. Compared with non-IBD controls, patients with IBD were significantly more likely to have overall complications (OR 2.11 (95% CI 1.67 to 2.66), p < 0.001), medical complications (OR 2.15 (95% CI 1.73 to 2.68), p < 0.001), surgical complications (OR 1.43 (95% CI 1.21 to 1.70), p < 0.001), and 90-day readmissions (OR 1.42 (95% CI 1.23 to 1.65), p < 0.001). The presence of IBD was positively associated with the development of venous thromboembolism (OR 1.60 (95% CI 1.30 to 1.97), p < 0.001) and postoperative infection (OR 1.95 (95% CI 1.51 to 2.51), p < 0.001). In addition, patients with IBD tended to experience longer LOS and higher costs of care.ConclusionThe findings suggest that IBD is associated with an increased risk of postoperative complications and readmission after joint arthroplasty, resulting in longer hospital stay and greater financial burden. Surgeons should inform their patients of the possibility of adverse outcomes prior to surgery and make appropriate risk adjustments to minimize potential complications.Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2023;12(6):362–371.
A Compact Four-way Quadrature Power Splitter for 5G Low-band Applications
Authors: Gao Song , Wang Hao , Chung Kwok L. , Li Yingsong , Zheng Kangtai , Chen Luqi 
Published: June 2023

This article introduces an ultra-compact four-way quadrature power splitter (4W-QPS) based on a novel transmission-line compression technique called double-path zigzag microstrip line (DP-ZML). Detailed design techniques with modular approach are disclosed for the state-of-the-art 5G low-band applications. The theoretical predictions are verified with experimental results through a fabricated prototype that operates from 696.55 to 876.03 MHz with >15 dB return-losses and isolations, and 90°±4° quadrature phase between adjacent outputs. The compact size of this 4W-QPS is achieved at 0.21λg×0.21λg at a center frequency of 786 MHz.
Super-Broadband Rectifier with Wide-band Resistance Compression Network and Harmonic Cycling for RF-Harvesting
Authors: Liu Xin , Zhang Dawei , Li Yingsong , Huang Zhixiang 
Published: June 2023

In this paper, a super-broadband (SBB) rectifier using a wideband resistance compression network (WRCN) and harmonic cycling is proposed, simulated, fabricated, measured and analyzed in detail for the harvesting of ambient radio frequency (RF) energy. Meanwhile, impedance compression and matching are achieved to implement the SBB using WRCN and impedance operation networks. Additionally, harmonic cycling structure and bending technology are employed to improve the power conversion efficiency (PCE) and reduce the size, respectively. For demonstration, a prototype of the proposed rectifier is fabricated and measured. The measured results are in good accordance with the simulated ones, indicating that the rectifier can provide high efficiency and ultra-broadband rectification characteristics. A PCE over 50% is realized at 3.5 GHz with an input power range of 6–24 dBm, and a PCE of 75% is obtained at an input power of 18 dBm. The PCE is greater than 50% at 17 dBm with an input frequency of 2.7-4.6 GHz. This work can find significant applications in the development of RF-harvesting.
Factors associated with international humanitarian aid appeal for disasters from 1995 to 2015: A retrospective database study
Authors: Cheng Lenard , Hertelendy Attila J. , Hart Alexander , Law Lawrence Siu-Chun , Hata Ryan , Nouaime Georgina , Issa Fadi , Echeverri Lina , Voskanyan Amalia , Ciottone Gregory R. 
Published: June 2023

Introduction
International humanitarian aid during disasters should be needs-based and coordinated in response to appeals from affected governments. We identify disaster and population factors associated with international aid appeal during disasters and hence guide preparation by international humanitarian aid providers.

Methods
In this retrospective database analysis, we searched the Emergency Events Database for all disasters from 1995 to 2015. Disasters with and without international aid appeals were compared by location, duration, type of disaster, deaths, number of people affected, and total estimated damage. Logistic regression was used to examine the association of each factor with international aid appeal.

Results
Of 13,961 disasters recorded from 1995 to 2015, 168 (1.2%) involved international aid appeals. Aid appeals were more likely to be triggered by disasters which killed more people (OR 1.29 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02–1.64] log10 persons), affected more people (OR 1.85 [95%CI 1.57–2.18] / log10 persons), and occurred in Africa (OR 1.67 [95%CI 1.06–2.62). Earthquakes (OR 4.07 [95%CI 2.16–7.67]), volcanic activity (OR 6.23 [95%CI 2.50–15.53]), and insect infestations (OR 12.14 [95%CI 3.05–48.35]) were more likely to trigger international aid appeals. International aid appeals were less likely to be triggered by disasters which occurred in Asia (OR 0.46 [95%CI 0.29–0.73]) and which were transport accidents (OR 0.12 [95%CI 0.02–0.89]).

Conclusion
International aid appeal during disasters was associated with greater magnitude of damage, disasters in Africa, and specific types of disasters such as earthquakes, volcanic activity, and insect infestations. Humanitarian aid providers can focus preparation on these identified factors.
Fa‘a Siamani: Germany in Micronesia, New Guinea and Samoa 1884-1914, Hermann Joseph Hiery (2020)
Authors: Harding Bruce 
Published: June 2023

Review of: Fa‘a Siamani: Germany in Micronesia, New Guinea and Samoa 1884-1914, Hermann Joseph Hiery (2020)
Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, 284 pp.,
ISBN 978 3 44711 492 9 (hbk), €49.00
Balancing the Tides: Marine Practices in American Sāmoa, Joanna Poblete (2020)
Authors: Rosier Morgane 
Published: June 2023

Review of:Balancing the Tides: Marine Practices in American Sāmoa, Joanna Poblete (2020)Honolulu, HI: University of Hawai‘i Press, 214 pp.,ISBN 978 0 82488 351 5 (pbk), US$28
A Influência das Plataformas Digitais como Ferramenta no Processo de Recrutamento e Seleção
Authors: Freitas aragao Jocileide , Miranda Elcivan Bezerra 
Published: June 2023

Este trabalho tem como objetivo demonstrar a eficácia no processo de recrutamento e seleção através das plataformas digitais. O mundo passa por processos de evolução, e a forma de contratação e o processo de recrutar e selecionar pessoas para ocupar novos cargos nas empresas, também passou por essas evoluções. Tornando-se um modelo de gestão com maior estratégia e tecnologia, possibilitando as organizações entenderam a importância das plataformas como ferramenta que auxiliam no processo de contratação. Embora muitas empresas realizem testes, entrevistas e avaliações de currículo de forma presencial, são as plataformas digitais que decidem, facilitam e agilizam esses processos. As plataformas digitais são modelos de negócios que funcionam conectando os profissionais e as empresas, permitindo a descoberta de novos talentos até então desconhecidos. É percebido também que as plataformas digitais são vistas como um complemento fundamental na forma de selecionar, identificar, e localizar o candidato mais adequado para as mais diversas vagas ofertadas, por esse motivo ela é considerada um ferramenta de grande valia para as organização, minimizando tempo e maximizando ganhos em todos os aspectos que compõe as etapas do processo. Quanto à metodologia, destaca-se a pesquisa bibliográfica por meio de livros e artigos de especialistas no assunto ora abordado.