bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nivolumab for locally advanced and metastatic cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (NIVOSQUACS study)—Phase II data covering impact of concomitant haematological malignancies
Authors: Lang R. , Welponer T. , Richtig E. , Wolf I. , Hoeller C. , Hafner C. , Nguyen V. A. , Kofler J. , Barta M. , Koelblinger P. , Hitzl W. , Emberger M. , Laimer M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundMonoclonal antibodies, such as cemiplimab and pembrolizumab, against the programmed death receptor (PD)‐1 have become the current standard of care and first‐line treatment of advanced cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC), proving remarkable clinical benefit and acceptable safety.ObjectivesTo assess efficacy and safety of the anti‐PD‐1 antibody nivolumab in patients with locally advanced and metastatic cSCC.MethodsPatients received open‐label nivolumab 240 mg intravenously every 2 weeks for up to 24 months. Patients with concomitant haematological malignancies (CHMs), either non‐progressing or stable under active therapy, were eligible for inclusion.ResultsOf 31 patients with a median age of 80 years, 22.6% of patients achieved an investigator assessed complete response, resulting in an objective response rate (ORR) of 61.3% and a disease control rate (DCR) of 64.5%. Progression‐free survival (PFS) was 11.1 months, and the median overall survival (OS) was not reached after 24 weeks of therapy. Median follow‐up was 23.82 months. Subgroup analysis of the CHM cohort (n = 11; 35%) revealed an ORR of 45.5%, a DCR of 54.5%, a median PFS of 10.9 months, and median OS of 20.7 months. Treatment related adverse events were reported in 58.1% of all patients (19.4% grade 3, the remaining grade 1 or 2). PD‐L1 expression and CD‐8+ T‐cell infiltration did not significantly correlate with clinical response, although a trend towards a shorter PFS of 5.6 months was observed with PD‐L1 negativity and low CD8+ intratumoral infiltration.ConclusionThis study demonstrated robust clinical efficacy of nivolumab in patients with locally advanced and metastatic cSCCs and a tolerability comparable to data of other anti‐PD‐1 antibodies. Favourable outcomes were obtained despite involving the oldest hitherto reported study cohort for anti‐PD‐1 antibodies and a significant proportion of CHM patients prone to high risk tumours and an aggressive course otherwise typically excluded from clinical trials.
Online prediction tools for melanoma survival: A comparison
Authors: Dixon A. , Steinman H. K. , Kyrgidis A. , Smith H. , Sladden M. , Zouboulis C. , Argenziano G. , Apalla Z. , Lallas A. , Longo C. , Nirenberg A. , Popescu C. , Tzellos T. , Cleaver L. , Zachary C. , Anderson S. , Thomas J. M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundBreslow thickness, patient age and ulceration are the three most valuable clinical and pathological predictors of melanoma survival. A readily available reliable online tool that accurately considers these and other predictors could be valuable for clinicians managing melanoma patients.ObjectiveTo compare online melanoma survival prediction tools that request user input on clinical and pathological features.MethodsSearch engines were used to identify available predictive nomograms. For each, clinical and pathological predictors were compared.ResultsThree tools were identified. The American Joint Committee on Cancer tool inappropriately rated thin tumours as higher risk than intermediate tumours. The University of Louisville tool was found to have six shortcomings: a requirement for sentinel node biopsy, unavailable input of thin melanoma or patients over 70 years of age and less reliable hazard ratio calculations for age, ulceration and tumour thickness. The LifeMath.net tool was found to appropriately consider tumour thickness, ulceration, age, sex, site and tumour subtype in predicting survival.LimitationsThe authors did not have access to the base data used to compile various prediction tools.ConclusionThe LifeMath.net prediction tool is the most reliable for clinicians in counselling patients with newly diagnosed primary cutaneous melanoma regarding their survival prospects.
Melanoma in children: A systematic review and individual patient meta‐analysis
Authors: Pampena Riccardo , Piccolo Vincenzo , Muscianese Marta , Kyrgidis Athanassios , Lai Michela , Russo Teresa , Briatico Giulia , Di Brizzi Eugenia Veronica , Cascone Giovanni , Pellerone Sebastiano , Longo Caterina , Moscarella Elvira , Argenziano Giuseppe 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe current evidence on paediatric melanoma is heterogeneous, especially regarding the prognosis of different histological subtypes. We sought to systematically review the evidence on paediatric melanoma, highlighting the major sources of heterogeneity and focusing on available data on single patients. A systematic search was performed from 1948 to 25 January 2021. Only studies reporting at least one case of cutaneous melanoma in patients aged ≤18 years were included. Unknown primary and uncertain malignant melanomas were excluded. Three couples of authors independently performed title/abstract screening and two different authors reviewed all the relevant full texts. The selected articles were manually cross‐checked for overlapping data for qualitative synthesis. Subsequently data on single patients were extracted to perform a patient‐level meta‐analysis. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42021233248. The main outcomes were melanoma‐specific survival (MSS) and progression‐free survival (PFS) outcomes. Separate analyses were done of cases with complete information on histologic subtype, focusing on superficial spreading (SSM), nodular (NM) and spitzoid melanomas, as well as of those classified asde‐novo(DNM) and acquired or congenital nevus‐associated melanomas (NAM). The qualitative synthesis covered 266 studies; however, data on single patients were available from 213 studies including 1002 patients. Among histologic subtypes, NM had a lower MSS than both SSM and spitzoid melanoma, and a lower PFS than SSM. Spitzoid melanoma had a significantly higher progression risk than SSM and trended toward lower mortality. Focusing on nevus‐associated status, DNM demonstrated better MSS after progression than congenital NAM, and no differences were highlighted in PFS. Our findings describe the existence of different biological patterns in paediatric melanoma. Specifically, spitzoid melanomas demonstrated intermediate behaviour between SSM and NM and showed a high risk of nodal progression but low mortality. This raises the question of whether spitzoid lesions are being over‐diagnosed as melanoma in childhood.
Dermoscopy of melanoma according to different body sites: Head and neck, trunk, limbs, nail, mucosal and acral
Authors: Longo Caterina , Pampena Riccardo , Moscarella Elvira , Chester Johanna , Starace Michela , Cinotti Elisa , Piraccini Bianca Maria , Argenziano Giuseppe , Peris Ketty , Pellacani Giovanni 
Published: May 2023

AbstractEffective cancer screening detects early‐stage tumours, leading to a lower incidence of late‐stage disease over time. Dermoscopy is the gold standard for skin cancer diagnosis as diagnostic accuracy is improved compared to naked eye examinations. As melanoma dermoscopic features are often body site specific, awareness of common features according to their location is imperative for improved melanoma diagnostic accuracy. Several criteria have been identified according to the anatomical location of the melanoma. This review provides a comprehensive and contemporary review of dermoscopic melanoma criteria according to specific body sites, including frequently observed melanoma of the head/neck, trunk and limbs and special site melanomas, located on the nail, mucosal and acral region.
Effect of simulated heat waves on the behaviour of two mirid predators
Authors: Martinez Leticia Duarte , Romeis Jörg , Collatz Jana 
Published: May 2023

AbstractExtreme climatic events, including heat waves with high‐temperature peaks during the day, are expected to occur more often in many parts of the world due to climate change and may exert negative effects on existing biological control strategies. To assess the effects of high‐temperature peaks on two commonly used, and naturally co‐occurring mirid predators, adults and nymphs of Nesidiocoris tenuis and Macrolophus pygmaeus were exposed either to constant 25°C or daily mean temperatures of 25°C with cycles rising up to 30 or 40°C. Preferred location of the two mirid species on different strata of tomato plants was investigated when they were exposed to the different temperature regimens alone or combined. Activity of mirids under the different temperature regimens was continuously monitored for 48 h using a Drosophila Activity Monitor system. Finally, the efficacy of the mirids preying on Tuta absoluta eggs was measured at the different temperature regimens in a Petri dish assay. Heat waves reaching 30 and 40°C in some instances affected the location of the mirids either when they were on the plant alone or under competition conditions. Locomotory activity of M. pygmaeus in the 40°C treatment was strongly reduced, whereas it remained high in N. tenuis. Effects of temperature peaks on prey consumption were visible in M. pygmaeus nymphs, N. tenuis females and males of both species. We suggest that the different responses of the two species to high‐temperature peaks may reduce their competition and support sustained control when both species are present simultaneously. Moreover, both species were found to be less susceptible to heat peaks when compared to previously reported results for their prey T. absoluta.
First detection of Flavobacterium psychrophilum in juvenile Siberian sturgeons (Acipenser baerii) and description of the pathological findings
Authors: Chinchilla Blanca , Vázquez‐Fernández Esther , Rebollada‐Merino Agustín , Pérez‐Sancho Marta , Domínguez Lucas , Rodríguez‐Bertos Antonio 
Published: May 2023

AbstractFlavobacterium psychrophilum affects many cultured fish species and is considered one of the most important bacterial pathogens causing substantial economic losses in salmonid aquaculture worldwide. Here, F. psychrophilum was identified by matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (MALDI‐TOF MS) and nested PCR as the aetiological agent causing mortality in diseased juvenile Siberian sturgeons (Acipenser baerii) reared on a freshwater fish farm. Diseased sturgeons were lethargic and displayed dark skin pigmentation, increased mucus production and the presence of skin ulcerations and haemorrhages specially on the ventral side and the base of fins. The histological examination of fish revealed proliferative branchitis, ulcerative and necrotizing dermatitis and myositis, lymphoid tissue atrophy, liver and kidney degeneration and thrombosis. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report describing the infection of Siberian sturgeons by F. psychrophilum. The detection of F. psychrophilum in diseased Siberian sturgeons and the description of the pathological findings observed during the outbreak may contribute to a better understanding of the bacterium pathogenicity and the range of fish species susceptible to infection.
Separation process characteristics of phenolic compounds from organic purple‐fleshed sweet potatoes (Ipomoea batatas L.) leaves using macroporous resins
Authors: da R. Rodrigues Nathália , Mohammad Siraj Salman , Gao Chi , Ivone M. J. Barbosa Maria , Gu Liwei , Junior José L. Barbosa 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCurrent trends have been noticed in to study of unedible parts of food as sources of phytochemicals or as ingredients in order to develop new uses for discarded materials and to promote sustainability. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of six macroporous resins (XAD 16, XAD 7HP, XAD 2, XAD 4, DAX 8, and XAD 1180 N) in purification of phenolic compounds from organic purple‐fleshed sweet potatoes. Static adsorption and desorption showed that XAD16 and XAD7HP had the highest adsorption and desorption ratio and recovery yield. The process temperature did not affect the adsorption capacity of XAD16. However, XAD7HP showed higher adsorption capacity when performed at 30°C, compared with 40 and 50°C. The process of equilibrium adsorption isotherms for phenolics was better described using Freundlich isotherm model. Dynamic adsorption process on XAD7HP resin showed that phenolic compounds in the water extracts of leaves started to break through after 4.5 bed volumes of extract was loaded. The purification of phytochemicals using adsorption is an alternative to replace organic solvents and provide a safety process for industrial application.Practical ApplicationsRecently, phenolic compounds have been explored due to their significant biological and antioxidant properties; phenolic compounds are also related to decreasing the risk of cardiovascular diseases, cancer, oxidative stress, diabetes, fatness, cancer, and several degenerative diseases. In addition, there is the potential use of phenolic compounds such as anthocyanin as safe colorimetric pH indicators in innovative packaging due to the relationship between levels of pH and anthocyanin colors. Therefore, using advanced processing technologies, phenolic compound purification can be essential for many applications related to food safety, quality, nutrition, and food waste. Furthermore, purified phenolic compounds can be used as raw materials in the pharmaceutical area and food industries.
The improvement of intestinal dysbiosis and hepatic metabolic dysfunction in dextran sulfate sodium‐induced colitis mice: effects of curcumin
Authors: Zhou Feini , Mai Ting , Wang Ziren , Zeng Zhaolong , Shi Jingjing , Zhang Fan , Kong Ning , Jiang Hao , Guo Lingnan , Xu Maosheng , Lin Jiangnan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackground and AimCurcumin may have promising application in the prevention and amelioration of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, the underlying mechanisms underpinning the ability of curcumin to interact with the gut and liver in IBD remains to be defined, which is the exploration aim of this study.MethodsMice with dextran sulfate sodium salt (DSS)‐induced acute colitis were treated either with 100 mg/kg of curcumin or phosphate buffer saline (PBS). Hematoxylin–eosin (HE) staining, 16S rDNA Miseq sequencing, proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopy, and liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐MS/MS) were applied for analysis. Spearman's correlation coefficient (SCC) was utilized to assess the correlation between the modification of intestinal bacteria and hepatic metabolite parameters.ResultsCurcumin supplementation not only prevented further loss of body weight and colon length in IBD mice but also improved diseases activity index (DAI), colonic mucosal injury, and inflammatory infiltration. Meanwhile, curcumin restored the composition of the gut microbiota, significantly increased Akkermansia, Muribaculaceae_unclassified, and Muribaculum, and significantly elevated the concentration of propionate, butyrate, glycine, tryptophan, and betaine in the intestine. For hepatic metabolic disturbances, curcumin intervention altered 14 metabolites, including anthranilic acid and 8‐amino‐7‐oxononanoate while enriching pathways related to the metabolism of bile acids, glucagon, amino acids, biotin, and butanoate. Furthermore, SCC analysis revealed a potential correlation between the upregulation of intestinal probiotics and alterations in liver metabolites.ConclusionThe therapeutic mechanism of curcumin against IBD mice occurs by improving intestinal dysbiosis and liver metabolism disorders, thus contributing to the stabilization of the gut–liver axis.
The predictive value of HALP score and systemic immune inflammation (SII) index in hyperemesis gravidarum
Authors: Bayram Feyza , Ozgen Gulten , Karasın Süleyman Serkan , Ozgen Levent 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimHyperemesis gravidarum (HG) is one of the most common serious diseases in early pregnancy. This study aimed to investigate the clinical significance of hemoglobin, albumin, lymphocyte, and platelet (HALP) score and systemic immune inflammation (SII) index in the presence and severity of HG.MethodsThis retrospective case–control study was conducted in a training and educational university hospital between January 2019 and July 2022. A total of 521 pregnant women, of whom 360 were diagnosed with HG at 6–14 weeks of gestation and 161 were low‐risk pregnancies, were included in the study. Patients' demographic characteristics and laboratory parameters were recorded. Patients with HG were divided into three categories: mild (n = 160), moderate (n = 116), and severe (n = 84), according to disease severity. The modified PUQE scoring was used to determine the severity of HG.ResultsThe mean age of the patients was 27.6 (16–40) years. We divided the pregnant women into the control group and HG group. The HALP score was significantly lower in the HG group (average, 2.8 ± 1.3), whereas the SII index was found to be significantly higher (average, 895.8 ± 458.1). A negative correlation was found between the increase in the severity of HG and HALP score. The HALP score was the lower in severe HG (mean, 2.16 ± 0.81) and was significantly different from other HG categories (p < 0.01). Moreover, a positive correlation was noted between increased HG severity and SII index levels. The SII index was higher in the severe HG group and was significantly different from the others (1001.2 ± 437.2) (p < 0.01).ConclusionsThe HALP score and SII index can be useful, cost‐effective, and easily accessible objective biomarkers to predict the presence and severity of HG.
Repeatability of neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging in patients with traumatic brain injury
Authors: Mueller Christina , Goodman Adam M. , Nenert Rodolphe , Allendorfer Jane B. , Philip Noah S. , Correia Stephen , Oster Robert A. , LaFrance William Curt , Szaflarski Jerzy P. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackground and PurposeThe aim of this study was to assess the repeatability of neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging in healthy controls (HCs) and traumatic brain injury (TBI).MethodsSeventeen HCs and 48 TBI patients were scanned twice over 18 weeks with diffusion imaging. Orientation dispersion (ODI), neurite density (NDI), and the fraction of isotropic diffusion (F‐ISO) were quantified in regions of interest (ROIs) from a gray matter, subcortical, and white matter atlas and compared using the coefficient of variation for repeated measures (CVrep), which quantifies the expected percent change on repeated measurement. We used a modified signed likelihood ratio test (M‐SLRT) to compare the CVrep between groups in each ROI while correcting for multiple comparisons.ResultsNDI exhibited excellent repeatability in both groups; the only group difference was found in the fusiform gyrus, where HCs exhibited better repeatability (M‐SLRT = 9.463, p = .0021). ODI also had excellent repeatability in both groups, although repeatability was significantly better in HCs in 16 cortical ROIs (p < .0022) and in the bilateral white matter and bilateral cortex (p < .0027). F‐ISO exhibited relatively poor repeatability in both groups, with few group differences.ConclusionOverall, the repeatability of the NDI, ODI, and F‐ISO metrics over an 18‐week period is acceptable for assessing the effects of behavioral or pharmacological interventions, though caution is advised when assessing F‐ISO changes over time.
Smartphone application to report awake bruxism
Authors: Stanisic Nikola , Do Cam Tu , Skarping Sandra , Chrcanovic Bruno , Bracci Alessandro , Manfredini Daniele , Häggman‐Henrikson Birgitta 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundTogether with psychosocial and hereditary factors, bruxism is a possible risk factor for orofacial pain. Bruxism is defined as a masticatory muscle activity characterized by repetitive or sustained tooth contact, or by bracing or thrusting of the mandible. A smartphone application to report awake bruxism (AB) has been developed and translated into more than 25 languages.Objective(s)To translate the application into Swedish, adapt it to Swedish culture and conduct a study to evaluate the usability of the application for studies on family history and associated risk factors.MethodsTranslation and cultural adaption of the Swedish version of the application (BruxApp) was carried out in a four‐step sequential process. Ten young adults (22–30 years) were recruited together with ten parents (42–67 years) and reported their AB with the application over two seven‐day periods. Pain, stress and parafunctional behaviours were assessed by questionnaires.ResultsThe back translation check showed minimal discrepancies between the translation and the English version. Participants did not report any problems with the application. Response rates for both groups were 65%. A difference in frequency of AB was shown between young adults and parents (22.0% vs. 12.5%, p < .001). A positive moderate correlation was found between AB and stress (r = 0.54, p = .017).ConclusionThe use of application strategies enables data collection on AB which can be used in both clinical and research settings. The results suggest that the Swedish version is ready for implementation and for studies on the relationships between AB, family history and psychosocial factors.
Molecular identification and diversity of Diaporthe species associated with shoot dieback on highbush blueberry plants in Poland
Authors: Michalecka Monika , Poniatowska Anna , Kałużna Monika 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMembers of the genus Diaporthe are among the most common plant pathogens and cause disease symptoms in a wide variety of hosts. In the present study, six isolates were obtained from necrotic symptoms observed on shoots from diebacks of highbush blueberry plants (Vaccinium corymbosum) in Poland. The isolates showed typical morphology for the genus Diaporthe and were categorized in three morphotypes for further molecular identification. The isolates were identified by sequence analysis of internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) and genes encoding beta‐tubulin (tub2), transcription elongation factor 1 alpha (tef1‐α), calmodulin (cal) and histone H3 (his3). The results revealed that the Diaporthe isolates corresponded to three different species: five isolates to D. eres and one to D. rudis. Pathogenicity tests confirmed the capability of all evaluated Diaporthe isolates to induce similar necrotic symptoms on highbush blueberry shoots as observed under natural conditions. This study is the first description and characterization of Diaporthe species associated with blueberry shoot dieback in Poland.