bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of high‐intensity interval walking training on muscle strength, walking ability, and health‐related quality of life in people with diabetes accompanied by lower extremity weakness: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Ichihara Yasuko , Mori Hiroyasu , Kamada Motomu , Matsuura Tetsuya , Sairyo Koichi , Hyodo Mizusa , Tsutsumi Rie , Sakaue Hiroshi , Aihara Ken‐ichi , Funaki Makoto , Kuroda Akio , Matsuhisa Munehide 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAims/IntroductionThis study examined the effects of high‐intensity interval walking training (IWT) compared to moderate‐intensity continuous walking training (CWT) on muscle strength, walking ability, and health‐related quality of life (QOL) in people with diabetes accompanied by lower extremity weakness.Materials and MethodsPeople with diabetes accompanied by low isometric knee extensor strength using a simple manual dynamometer (n = 50) were screened and randomly divided into 2 groups: CWT (n = 25) and IWT (n = 25). Both groups were instructed by a physical therapist to perform walking training with the goal of 120 min/week over a 5‐month period. The primary outcome, mean change of isometric knee extensor strength, and secondary outcomes, such as gait speed and health‐related QOL, were measured at baseline and the end of the intervention.ResultsAt the end of the intervention, there was no significant difference in the degree of change in isometric knee extension strength between the two groups. However, there was a significant increase in changes in gait speed and physical QOL in the IWT group (gait speed, P < 0.01; physical QOL, P < 0.05).ConclusionsThe present study showed that IWT for people with diabetes accompanied by lower extremity weakness did not improve knee extension muscle strength compared to CWT but did improve walking ability and physical QOL.
Early development of vertebral column and appendicular skeleton in Naozhou Larimichthys crocea (Richardson, 1846)
Authors: Liu Bo‐Wen , Guo Hua‐Yang , Liu Bao‐Suo , Zhang Nan , Zhu Ke‐Cheng , Yan Kuo‐Qiu , Qin Hai‐Peng , Zhang Dian‐Chang , Sun Jin‐Hui 
Published: January 2025

AbstractUnderstanding the developmental sequence characteristics of the vertebral and appendicular skeletons of the larvae and juveniles of Larimichthys crocea (Naozhou population) can provide theoretical basis for seedling cultivation, environmental adaptation, and taxonomic identification. The cartilage‐bone double staining method was used to stain, observe, and analyse the vertebrae, pectoral fins, anal fins, caudal fins, and dorsal fins of the larvae and juveniles of L. crocea (0–30 days post‐hatching [DPH]). Results showed that the notochord of the larvae and juveniles of L. crocea was tubular. At 6 DPH, there was obvious segmentation. At 8 DPH, the neural arches began to differentiate, and at 10 DPH, the haemal arches began to differentiate, with complete segmentation of the notochord. At 14 DPH, the dorsal and ventral ribs became clear, and the neural and haemal spines were completely formed by the elongation of the neural and haemal arches, respectively. At 18 DPH, the vertebral bones began to ossify, and ossification was complete at 28 DPH. The median fins of the larvae and juveniles of L. crocea formed in the order of caudal fin, anal fin, and dorsal fin. Among the 800 L. crocea larvae samples, 248 were observed to have skeletal deformities, with a deformity rate of 31.00%. The spine of L. crocea consists of 26 vertebrae, with developmental abnormalities mainly including vertebral anterior convexity, bifurcation of neural spines, vertebral body fusion, and redundancy of neural spines. The above results provide a theoretical basis for enriching the developmental biology of L. crocea.
Identification of Potentially Novel Mycobacterium Spp. In Freshwater Ornamental Fish in Trinidad and Tobago
Authors: Blake Lemar , Jordan Arianne Brown , Nicholls Soren , Soto Esteban , Iwanowicz Luke , Suepaul Rod , Oura Christopher , Phillips Savage Ayanna Carla N. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTPotentially zoonotic Mycobacterium spp. are impacting freshwater ornamental fish in Trinidad and Tobago. Clinical cases presented at the Aquatic Animal Health Unit of The University of the West Indies, School of Veterinary Medicine, from September 2011 to September 2018 indicated the presence of piscine mycobacteriosis in freshwater ornamental fish from locations throughout Trinidad and Tobago. Subsequently, an investigation was conducted from June 2018 to December 2021 to identify the specific Mycobacterium spp. involved. Nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to amplify and later sequence the 723 bp of the rpoB. Analysis of region V of the rpoB offers similar discriminatory power as concatenation or whole genome analysis of Mycobacterium spp., and serves as an acceptable method for differentiating and discriminating between species in this genus. With respect to tank‐reared freshwater ornamental fish, this study identified M. fortuitum (98.8% identity), M. liflandii (100% identity), M. stomatepiae (97.2% identity), M. pseudoshottsii related (96.9% identity), two M. stomatepiae related (95.4% and 96.7% identity), M. immunogenum related (93.4% identity), and 17 M. insubricum related (91.4%–95.2% identity). Additionally, seven mycobacteria related to M. insubricum were identified in wild‐caught guppies. These findings suggest that both known, and potentially novel Mycobacterium spp. are circulating, and adversely impacting the local populations of freshwater ornamental fish in Trinidad and Tobago.
Emotional Eating Interventions for Adults Living With Overweight and Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Behaviour Change Techniques
Authors: Power D. , Jones A. , Keyworth C. , Dhir P. , Griffiths A. , Shepherd K. , Smith J. , Traviss‐Turner G. , Matu J. , Ells L. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundEmotional eating (EE) is a barrier to the long‐term success of weight loss interventions. Psychological interventions targeting EE have been shown to reduce EE scores and weight (kg), though the mechanisms remain unclear. This review and meta‐analysis aimed to identify the specific behaviour change techniques (BCTs) associated with improved outcomes.MethodsThis is a review update and extension, with new studies extracted from searches of CINAHL, PsycINFO, MEDLINE and EMBASE 1 January 2022 to 31 April 2023. EE interventions for adults with BMI > 25 kg/m2 were considered for inclusion. Paper screening, extraction, BCT‐coding and risk of bias were completed using the Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) checklist, Behaviour Change Taxonomy v1 (BCTTv1) and Risk of Bias2 (RoB2)/Risk of Bias In Non‐randomised Studies (ROBINS‐I) tool. Narrative syntheses and random effects multi‐level meta‐analyses were conducted.ResultsIn total, 6729 participants were included across 47 studies (13 identified in the update). Forty‐two studies contributed to the pooled estimate for the impact of interventions on EE (SMD = −0.99 [95% CI: −0.73 to −1.25], p < 0.001). Thirty‐two studies contributed to the pooled estimate for the impact of interventions on weight (−4.09 kg [95% CI: −2.76 to −5.43 kg], p < 0.001). Five BCTs related to identity, values and self‐regulation were associated with notable improvements to both weight and EE (‘incompatible beliefs’, ‘goal setting outcome’. ‘review outcome goals’, ‘feedback on behaviour’ and ‘pros/cons’).ConclusionImplementation and evaluation of the highlighted BCTs are required. Weight management services should consider screening patients for EE to tailor interventions to individual needs.
Unlocking the Vitamin Puzzle: Investigating Levels in People With Alzheimer's Disease Versus Healthy Controls Through Systematic Review and Network Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Marwaha Sagar , Agarwal Rachna , Tripathi Manjari , Tripathi Shashank 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is intricately tied to the impairment of neurons, crucial for neurological functions. Despite extensive research, the precise mechanism underlying AD development remains elusive due to its multifaceted aetiology. Vitamin deficiency has emerged as a notable contributor to AD onset and progression, exerting a significant influence on brain function. To explore this link, we conducted a thorough review using PubMed, Web of Science and MEDLINE databases to gather literature on average vitamin concentrations in people with AD and healthy controls. Applying frequentist network meta‐analysis techniques, we calculated standardised mean differences (SMDs) in vitamin concentrations between AD and control groups, both directly and indirectly. Our analysis, based on 67 articles, revealed statistically significant findings for various vitamins. Notably, vitamin C displayed the most substantial difference in average concentration between AD and control groups, supported by a high p‐score of 0.92. Other vitamins that showed significant differences included vitamin D, folate, vitamin E, vitamin A and vitamin B12. Moreover, by considering alternative reference groups of vitamins, we derived indirect estimates, which further emphasised the role of vitamins in AD pathology. The ranking of vitamins based on their discrepancy in concentration between AD and control groups underscored the importance of vitamin C, followed by vitamin D, vitamin E, folate, vitamin A and vitamin B12. In conclusion, our comprehensive analysis highlights the potential significance of vitamin levels in understanding AD pathology. This underscores avenues for further research and potential therapeutic interventions targeting vitamin deficiencies in people with AD, potentially offering new strategies for managing the disease.Trial Registration: CRD42023447203
A Cohort Clinical Study on the Efficacy of Topical Salicylic Acid/Piroctone Olamine Dandruff Pre‐Gel and Cleanser in Improving Symptoms of Moderate to Severe Seborrheic Dermatitis of the Scalp
Authors: Ge Ling , Liu Zhiqing , Xu Shanhua , Li Chuying , Jin Meitong , Luo Yinli , Kong Yanli , Meng Jingbi , Zheng Ge , Gao Junzhi , Wang Ping , Bai Wei , Na Heya , Zhou Xianchun , Jin Zhehu , Pi Longquan 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundScalp seborrheic dermatitis (SD) is a chronic, recurrent inflammatory skin condition associated with scalp sebum secretion and dysbiosis.AimsThe aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a topical salicylic acid/piroctone olamine/zinc salt of L‐pyrrolidone carboxylate (Zinc PCA) scalp pre‐application gel in combination with a salicylic acid/piroctone olamine/antimicrobial peptide cleansing lotion for the treatment of moderate to severe scalp SD.Patients/MethodsIn this prospective cohort study, 20 patients with moderate to severe scalp SD were treated with a combination of the scalp pre‐application gel and cleansing lotion for 4 weeks (one tube of the pre‐application gel per week and the cleansing lotion used every 1–3 days depending on the frequency of hair washing). This was followed by maintenance treatment with the cleansing lotion for 12 weeks. Efficacy was assessed through clinical and trichoscopic examinations, measuring the severity of dandruff, itching, erythema, and greasiness using a 4‐point scale.ResultsThis cohort study included a total of 20 patients with moderate to severe scalp SD. By the 4th week, the average dandruff score had significantly decreased from a baseline of 2.45 to 1.10 (p < 0.01). The average itchiness score reduced from 2.35 to 1.10 (p < 0.01), the erythema score dropped from 1.55 to 1.10 (p < 0.05), and the greasiness score decreased from 2.60 to 1.40 (p < 0.01). After 16 weeks, 12 patients with severe SD improved to mild SD, and six patients with moderate SD also improved to mild. During the treatment, two patients experienced a recurrence of dandruff, which subsequently resolved. The overall clinical improvement was 80%.ConclusionsOur study results indicate that the combination treatment of the scalp pre‐application gel and cleansing lotion is highly effective and safe for treating SD. The subsequent use of the cleansing lotion effectively maintains the benefits of the combined treatment. Trichoscopic examination provides accurate and reliable quantifiable data, aiding in the monitoring of treatment progress.
Head and Neck Rhabdomyosarcoma in Pediatric Patients: An International Collaborative Study
Authors: Gallagher Karen Patricia Domínguez , Hunter Keith D. , Arboleda Lady Paola Aristizabal , Pedroso Caique Mariano , Mariz Bruno Augusto Linhares Almeida , Penafort Paulo Victor Mendes , Souza Lucas Lacerda de , Rodrigues‐Fernandes Carla Isabelly , Tager Elena María José Roman , Carlos Roman , Robinson Liam , Schouwstra Ciska‐Mari , Villanueva‐Sánchez Francisco Germán , Gómez Francisco José Paz , del Carmen González‐Galván María , Martins‐de‐Barros Allan Vinícius , de Vasconcelos Carvalho Marianne , Cavalcante Roberta Barroso , Turatti Eveline , Pontes Hélder Antônio Rebelo , Siqueira Sheila Aparecida Coelho , Mendonça Regina Maria Holanda de , Innocentini Lara Maria Alencar Ramos , de Macedo Leandro Dorigan , Ribeiro‐Silva Alfredo , Abrahão Aline Corrêa , Romañach Mário José , van Heerden Willie , Vargas Pablo Agustin , Santos‐Silva Alan Roger 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundRhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), a rare malignant tumor, frequently affects pediatric patients, with 35%–40% occurring in the head and neck. This study analyzes the clinicopathologic profile of pediatric head and neck rhabdomyosarcomas from Brazil, Guatemala, Mexico, and South Africa.MethodsWe reviewed 44 cases from 10 Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology services, conducting immunohistochemical analyses of desmin, myogenin, Myo‐D1, and Ki67, with quantification via QuPath software. Cases with ≥ 50% myogenin expression were tested for fusion status using AP2β, NOS‐1, and HMGA2. Statistical analyses included the Kruskal–Wallis test for age and marker expression comparisons, Fisher's exact test for categorical variables, Spearman's rank correlation for marker relationships, and multinomial logistic regression to assess fusion status likelihood.ResultsCases were predominantly from Brazil (40.9%), followed by South Africa (27.3%), Guatemala (22.7%), and Mexico (9.1%). Two‐thirds of patients were diagnosed in their first decade with no gender predilection. Nonparameningeal sites (45.5%) were more affected than parameningeal (40.9%) and orbital sites. Microscopically, embryonal RMS (77.3%) was most common, followed by alveolar (18.2%) and spindle cell (2.3%) tumors. Immunohistochemistry revealed positivity for myogenic markers, with significant differences in myogenin expression between embryonal and alveolar RMS variants (p < 0.05). Fusion status prediction identified two potential fusion‐positive alveolar RMS cases, while all embryonal RMS and one alveolar RMS case appeared fusion‐negative. Significant correlation with positive fusion status was found only between AP2β and NOS1 (p < 0.05).ConclusionAlthough there are slight clinical‐demographic variations among pediatric head and neck rhabdomyosarcomas in these regions, identifying fusion status through immunohistochemistry remains a diagnostic challenge.
The impact of retraction cords on the gingival margin level: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Fouad Majdoleen , Mahmoud Ahmad Abel Aziz , Al‐Rabab'ah Mohammad , Kasabreh Najla 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPurposeTo examine the impact of placing plain and impregnated retraction cords for two different retraction times on the postoperative gingival margin level and periodontal health.Materials and MethodsA total of 40 endodontically treated mandibular first molars were selected and randomly allocated into four groups (n = 10/group); A: plain retraction cord for 10 min, B: plain retraction cord, 20 min, C: impregnated (25% aluminum chloride (AlCl3) retraction cord, 10 min, D: impregnated retraction cord (25% AlCl3), 20 min. Intraoral digital scans were acquired, and periodontal parameters (Plaque index [PI], Bleeding on probing [BOP], and probing depth [PD]) were assessed at baseline, 7 days, and 28 days after retraction. The digital scans were superimposed to measure the change in the mid‐buccal gingival margin level. Statistical differences between groups at the threetime points were tested using one‐way ANOVA and Chi‐square tests (α = 0.05).ResultsAlCl3‐impregnated retraction cord for 20 min resulted in a statistically significant change in gingival margin level than limiting its application to 10 min or using plain cords at the three‐time points (p < 0.05) with 88 ± 4 µm gingival recession after 28 days. The assessed periodontal parameters only showed a significant difference between groups in BOP after 7 days of retraction (p = 0.0009); however, all parameters returned to normal after 28 days with no significant difference between groups (p > 0.05).ConclusionsTo avoid transient gingival inflammation or permanent gingival recession, no matter how small, the retraction time of AlCl3‐impregnated cords should be limited to no more than 10 min.
Effect of crystallization and finish line curvature on the marginal integrity of lithium disilicate crowns
Authors: Lee Ki‐Un , Ko Kyung‐Ho , Huh Yoon‐Hyuk , Park Chan‐Jin , Cho Lee‐Ra 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPurposeThis study aimed to investigate the effect of crystallization and finish line curvature on the integrity of lithium disilicate crowns fabricated by using partially crystallized (P) and fully crystallized (F) blocks.Materials and MethodsForty‐eight lithium disilicate crowns were fabricated based on the designated lithium disilicate blocks and finish line curvatures. The specimens were divided into four groups (n = 12 each): P block with a curved finish line (PC), P block with a straight finish line (PS), F block with a curved finish line (FC), and F block with a straight finish line (FS). Using the silicone replica technique and triple scan method, the absolute marginal discrepancy was measured at four surfaces. Using the triple scan method, five sections were segmented for each surface. Global deviation was measured by using a best fit alignment. Three‐way mixed analysis of variance followed by Fisher least significant difference test and the Kruskal–Wallis test were used for statistical analyses (α = 0.05).ResultsThe block crystallization had a significant impact on the marginal integrity in the triple scan method, showing a greater marginal discrepancy in the F block crowns (p < 0.001). The finish line curvature significantly influenced the marginal integrity in both measurement methods, with curved finish line crowns exhibiting a greater marginal discrepancy (p < 0.05). However, the areas with the greatest marginal discrepancies differed depending on the analytical method used.ConclusionsThe marginal discrepancies of the crowns differed according to the fabricated blocks and finish line curvature.
First Report of Pallidophorina paarla Causing Branch Cankers of Peach in México
Authors: Nativitas‐Lima Isabel , Leyva‐Mir Santos Gerardo , Avila‐Quezada Graciela Dolores , Camacho‐Tapia Moisés 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBranch cankers were detected on peach orchards in Puebla, Mexico. Based on morphology, cultural features and molecular analysis, the causal agent was identified as Pallidophorina paarla. Koch's postulates were fulfilled by pathogenicity tests carried out on peach trees. To our knowledge, this is the first report of P. paarla causing branch cankers of peach in Mexico.
Inhibition of IRE‐1α Alleviates Pyroptosis and Metabolic Dysfunction‐Associated Steatohepatitis by Suppressing Gasdermin D
Authors: Zeng Xin , Wu Tian , Xu Qing , Li Lan , Yuan Yujia , Zhu Min , Liu Wen , Fu Fudong , Wu Zhenru , Yao Han , Liao Guangneng , Lu Yanrong , Cheng Jingqiu , Liu Jingping , Shi Yujun , Chen Younan 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectivesMetabolic dysfunction‐associated steatohepatitis (MASH) is a significant risk factor for cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, for which there is currently no effective treatment. This study aimed to investigate the regulatory mechanism between endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stress) and pyroptosis in the liver under the context of MASH.Methods and ResultsPyroptosis was examined in both in vivo and in vitro ER stress models. The expression levels of nucleotide‐binding oligomerisation domain‐like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), gasdermin D (GSDMD), caspase‐1, IL‐1β, and IL‐18 tended to increase, and “ASC specks” colocalised with the swollen ER in living cells. However, in the pyroptotic model, increased ER stress was not observed. Moreover, the overexpression of inositol‐requiring enzyme 1α (IRE‐1α), one of the main ER stress sensors, led to increases in the levels of NLRP3 and GSDMD. However, after IRE‐1α was blocked by chemical inhibitors or siRNAs, pyroptosis was also abrogated. These data showed that ER stress regulated pyroptosis through IRE‐1α. Furthermore, the immunoprecipitation results clearly indicated that GSDMD efficiently bound to IRE‐1α when ER stress was stimulated. In the MASH model, IRE‐1α was specifically inhibited by pharmacological or genetic methods, which improved the pathology of MASH by alleviating ER stress and pyroptosis. In patients with MASH, both ER stress markers and pyroptosis markers including IRE‐1α, glucose‐regulated protein 78, GSDMD/GSDMD‐N, p20, and NLRP3, are highly expressed in the liver.ConclusionsThis study revealed that ER stress may regulate pyroptosis through IRE‐1α‐GSDMD pathway, which accelerates the progression of MASH. These findings may offer new insights for the treatment of MASH.
Molecular Adjustment to a Social Niche: Brain Transcriptomes Reveal Divergent Influence of Social Environment on the Two Queen Morphs of the Ant Temnothorax rugatulus
Authors: Stoldt Marah , Negroni Matteo Antoine , Feldmeyer Barbara , Foitzik Susanne 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTSocial insects form complex societies with division of labour between different female castes. In most species, a single queen heads the colony; in others, several queens share the task of reproduction. These different social organisations are often associated with distinct queen morphologies and life‐history strategies and occur in different environments. In the ant Temnothorax rugatulus, queens are dimorphic. Macrogynes and microgynes reside in mono‐ and polygynous colonies and at lower and higher elevations, respectively. We analysed plastic changes in brain transcriptomes in response to the social environment in these queen morphs and their workers. We manipulated the number of queens over 4 months to investigate whether transcriptional activity is influenced by queen morph, social environment or their interaction. Changes in gene expression in the queens' brains in response to our manipulations were largely influenced by the interaction between social environment and queen morph, rather than independently by these factors. Macrogynes and microgynes thus adjust differently to their social environment. Similarly, worker transcriptomes were influenced by an interaction between behavioural type, that is, nurses or foragers, and queen morph. Nurses differentially regulated genes related to nutrition depending on queen morph, suggesting a link between social environment and metabolic dynamics in ant colonies. Overall, our study sheds light on how the social environment influences the molecular physiology of social insects. Furthermore, we demonstrate that in this ant with two queen morphs, worker physiology depends on queen morph and their role in the colony.