bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self-awareness and Social Influences as Predictors of Body Dissatisfaction and Acceptance of Cosmetic Surgery for Social Reasons Among Men
Authors: Nerini Amanda , Di Gesto Cristian , Lo Bartolo Martina , Innocenti Alessandro , Stefanile Cristina , Matera Camilla 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Body dissatisfaction and the use of surgery for purely aesthetic reasons among men is steadily increasing. Nevertheless, compared to women, few studies have focused on specific sociocultural and individual factors predicting men’s body dissatisfaction and interest in cosmetic surgery procedures. The present study investigated the role of media, significant others, public and private self-awareness in predicting men’s body dissatisfaction and acceptance of cosmetic surgery for social reasons.

Methods
Participants were 203 men (mean-age 24 years), who completed a questionnaire containing the Sociocultural Attitudes Toward Appearance Questionnaire-4R, the Situational Self-Awareness Scale, the Muscular internalization subscale, the Male Body Attitudes Scale, and the Social subscale of the Acceptance of Cosmetic Surgery Scale. A path analysis was performed.

Results
The influence of significant others and public self-awareness predicted men’s body dissatisfaction directly and indirectly, via muscularity internalization, while media was only directly associated with body dissatisfaction. A significant link between private self-awareness and body dissatisfaction was found. Moreover, media was not associated with cosmetic surgery either directly or indirectly and public self-awareness showed only a significant association with internalization.

Conclusions
These findings provide information about the role that self-awareness and sociocultural factor play on body dissatisfaction and acceptance of surgery for social reasons among men. The study highlighted the importance of designing preventive programs aimed at enhancing men’s ability to resist various forms of pressure regarding body image and its management. Moreover, the advantages of focusing one’s attention on internal states and feelings can limit body dissatisfaction and can discourage consideration of cosmetic surgery for social benefits.

Level of Evidence V
This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.
Influence of the freezing level on atmospheric rivers in High Mountain Asia: WRF case studies of orographic precipitation extremes
Authors: Nash Deanna , Carvalho Leila M. V. , Rutz Jonathan J. , Jones Charles 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAtmospheric rivers (ARs) reach High Mountain Asia (HMA) about 10 days per month during the winter and spring, resulting in about 20 mm day$$^{-1}$$

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1

of precipitation. However, a few events may exceed 100 mm day$$^{-1}$$

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1

, providing most of the total winter precipitation and increasing the risk of precipitation-triggered landslides and flooding, particularly when the height of the height of the 0 $$^{\circ }$$

∘

C isotherm, or freezing level is above-average. This study shows that from 1979 to 2015, integrated water vapor transport (IVT) during ARs that reach Western HMA has increased 16% while the freezing level has increased up to 35 m. HMA ARs that have an above-average freezing level result in 10–40% less frozen precipitation compared to ARs with a below-average freezing level. To evaluate the importance of these trends in the characteristics of ARs, we investigate mesoscale processes leading to orographic precipitation using Advanced Weather Research and Forecasting (ARW-WRF) simulations at 6.7 km spatial resolution. We contrast two above- and below- average freezing level AR events with otherwise broadly similar characteristics and show that with a 50–600 m increase in freezing level, the above-average AR resulted in 10–70% less frozen precipitation than the below-average event. This study contributes to a better understanding of climate change-related impacts within HMA’s hydrological cycle and the associated hazards to vulnerable communities living in the region.
Preventing mitochondrial reverse electron transport as a strategy for cardioprotection
Authors: Prag Hiran A. , Murphy Michael P. , Krieg Thomas 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn the context of myocardial infarction, the burst of superoxide generated by reverse electron transport (RET) at complex I in mitochondria is a crucial trigger for damage during ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Here we outline the necessary conditions for superoxide production by RET at complex I and how it can occur during reperfusion. In addition, we explore various pathways that are implicated in generating the conditions for RET to occur and suggest potential therapeutic strategies to target RET, aiming to achieve cardioprotection.
Cortical somatosensory evoked potential amplitudes and clinical outcome after cardiac arrest: a retrospective multicenter study
Authors: Aalberts Noelle , Westhall Erik , Johnsen Birger , Hahn Katrin , Kenda Martin , Cronberg Tobias , Friberg Hans , Preuß Sandra , Ploner Christoph J. , Storm Christian , Nee Jens , Leithner Christoph , Endisch Christian 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objective
Bilaterally absent cortical somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEPs) reliably predict poor outcome in comatose cardiac arrest (CA) patients. Cortical SSEP amplitudes are a recent prognostic extension; however, amplitude thresholds, inter-recording, and inter-rater agreement remain uncertain.

Methods
In a retrospective multicenter cohort study, we determined cortical SSEP amplitudes of comatose CA patients using a standardized evaluation pathway. We studied inter-recording agreement in repeated SSEPs and inter-rater agreement by four raters independently determining 100 cortical SSEP amplitudes. Primary outcome was assessed using the cerebral performance category (CPC) upon intensive care unit discharge dichotomized into good (CPC 1–3) and poor outcome (CPC 4–5).

Results
Of 706 patients with SSEPs with median 3 days after CA, 277 (39.2%) had good and 429 (60.8%) poor outcome. Of patients with bilaterally absent cortical SSEPs, one (0.8%) survived with CPC 3 and 130 (99.2%) had poor outcome. Otherwise, the lowest cortical SSEP amplitude in good outcome patients was 0.5 µV. 184 (42.9%) of 429 poor outcome patients had lower cortical SSEP amplitudes. In 106 repeated SSEPs, there were 6 (5.7%) with prognostication-relevant changes in SSEP categories. Following a standardized evaluation pathway, inter-rater agreement was almost perfect with a Fleiss’ kappa of 0.88.

Interpretation
Bilaterally absent and cortical SSEP amplitudes below 0.5 µV predicted poor outcome with high specificity. A standardized evaluation pathway provided high inter-rater and inter-recording agreement. Regain of consciousness in patients with bilaterally absent cortical SSEPs rarely occurs. High-amplitude cortical SSEP amplitudes likely indicate the absence of severe brain injury.
Monocytes subsets altered distribution and dysregulated plasma hsa-miR-21-5p and hsa-miR-155-5p in HCV-linked liver cirrhosis progression to hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Hammad Reham , Eldosoky Mona A. , Elmadbouly Asmaa A. , Aglan Reda Badr , AbdelHamid Sherihan G. , Zaky Samy , Ali Elham , Abd El Hakam Fatma El-Zahraa , Mosaad Alshaimaa M. , Abdelmageed Neamat A. , Kotb Fatma M. , Kotb Hend G. , Hady Ahmed A. , Abo-Elkheir Omaima I. , Kujumdshiev Sandy , Sack Ulrich , Lambert Claude , Hamdy Nadia M. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The authors aim to investigate the altered monocytes subsets distribution in liver cirrhosis (LC) and subsequent hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in association with the expression level of plasma Homo sapiens (has)-miR-21-5p and hsa-miR-155-5p. A step toward non-protein coding (nc) RNA precision medicine based on the immune perturbation manifested as altered monocytes distribution, on top of LC and HCC.

Methods
Seventy-nine patients diagnosed with chronic hepatitis C virus (CHCV) infection with LC were enrolled in the current study. Patients were sub-classified into LC group without HCC (n = 40), LC with HCC (n = 39), and 15 apparently healthy controls. Monocyte subsets frequencies were assessed by flow cytometry. Real-time quantitative PCR was used to measure plasma hsa-miR-21-5p and hsa-miR-155-5p expression.

Results
Hsa-miR-21-5p correlated with intermediate monocytes (r = 0.30, p = 0.007), while hsa-miR-155-5p negatively correlated with non-classical monocytes (r = − 0.316, p = 0.005). ROC curve analysis revealed that combining intermediate monocytes frequency and hsa-miR-21 yielded sensitivity = 79.5%, specificity = 75%, and AUC = 0.84. In comparison, AFP yielded a lower sensitivity = 69% and 100% specificity with AUC = 0.85. Logistic regression analysis proved that up-regulation of intermediate monocytes frequency and hsa-miR-21-5p were independent risk factors for LC progression to HCC, after adjustment for co-founders.

Conclusion
Monocyte subsets differentiation in HCC was linked to hsa-miR-21-5p and hsa-miR-155-5p. Combined up-regulation of intermediate monocytes frequency and hsa-miR-21-5p expression could be considered a sensitive indicator of LC progression to HCC. Circulating intermediate monocytes and hsa-miR-21-5p were independent risk factors for HCC evolution, clinically and in silico proved.

Graphical abstract
What do we mean by ‘self-management’ for chronic low back pain? A narrative review
Authors: Zhou Tianyu , Salman David , McGregor Alison H. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is a highly prevalent musculoskeletal condition affecting 60–80% of the general population within their lifetime. Given the large numbers of people affected, self-management approaches have been introduced as a way to manage this condition with endorsement by the national institute for health and care excellence. Interventions are often termed self-management without defining either content or goals. Our study sought to determine the content, characteristics, and evidence for self-management of CLBP.

Methods
This narrative review was conducted using a systematic approach to search journal articles in English that focused on CLBP self-management. MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and PsycINFO databases were used to identify publications with terms relating to back pain and self-management from January 2016 until January 2022.

Results
In total, 15 studies were found suitable for inclusion in the review. Core components of self-management strategies include exercise, education, and psychological interventions, but there was a lack of consistency with respect to content. Intervention characteristics were either under-reported or varied. Furthermore, outcome measures used to assess these self-management programmes were diverse, mainly focusing on functional disability and pain intensity.

Conclusions
Inconsistencies in the content of self-management interventions, intervention characteristics, and outcome measures used for assessing self-management programmes were found across the literature. Current self-management approaches do not consider the complex biopsychosocial nature of CLBP. A consensus on the key components of self-management interventions, and how they should be evaluated, will pave the way for research to determine whether self-management can effectively manage CLBP.
Inflammatory rheumatic diseases and the risk of drug use disorders: a register-based cohort study in Sweden
Authors: Kiadaliri Ali , Dell’Isola Andrea , Englund Martin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTo investigate the association between chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases (CIRD) and drug use disorder (DUD). Individuals aged ≥ 30 years in 2009 that met the following conditions were included: residing in the Skåne region, Sweden, with at least one healthcare contact in person and no history of DUD (ICD-10 codes F11-F16, F18-F19) during 1998–2009 (N = 649,891). CIRD was defined as the presence of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), ankylosing spondylitis (AS), psoriatic arthritis (PsA), or systemic lupus erythematosus. Treating CIRD as a time-varying exposure, we followed people from January 1, 2010 until a diagnosis of DUD, death, relocation outside the region, or December 31, 2019, whichever occurred first. We used flexible parametric survival models adjusted for attained age, sociodemographic characteristics, and coexisting conditions for data analysis. There were 64 (95% CI 62–66) and 104 (88–123) incident DUD per 100,000 person-years among those without and with CIRD, respectively. CIRD was associated with an increased risk of DUD in age-adjusted analysis (hazard ratio [HR] 1.77, 95% CI 1.49–2.09). Almost identical HR (1.71, 95% CI 1.45–2.03) was estimated after adjustment for sociodemographic characteristics, and it slightly attenuated when coexisting conditions were additionally accounted for (1.47, 95% CI 1.24–1.74). Fully adjusted HRs were 1.49 (1.21–1.85) for RA, 2.00 (1.38–2.90) for AS, and 1.58 (1.16–2.16) for PsA. More stringent definitions of CIRD didn’t alter our findings. CIRD was associated with an increased risk of DUD independent of sociodemographic factors and coexisting conditions.

Key Points• A register-based cohort study including 649,891 individuals aged≥30 residing in the Skåne region, Sweden, was conducted.• Chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases were associated with higher risks of drug use disorder independent of sociodemographic factors and coexisting conditions.
Normalizing flows for conditional independence testing
Authors: Duong Bao , Nguyen Thin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDetecting conditional independencies plays a key role in several statistical and machine learning tasks, especially in causal discovery algorithms, yet it remains a highly challenging problem due to dimensionality and complex relationships presented in data. In this study, we introduce LCIT (Latent representation-based Conditional Independence Test)—a novel method for conditional independence testing based on representation learning. Our main contribution involves a hypothesis testing framework in which to test for the independence between X and Y given Z, we first learn to infer the latent representations of target variables X and Y that contain no information about the conditioning variable Z. The latent variables are then investigated for any significant remaining dependencies, which can be performed using a conventional correlation test. Moreover, LCIT can also handle discrete and mixed-type data in general by converting discrete variables into the continuous domain via variational dequantization. The empirical evaluations show that LCIT outperforms several state-of-the-art baselines consistently under different evaluation metrics, and is able to adapt really well to both nonlinear, high-dimensional, and mixed data settings on a diverse collection of synthetic and real data sets.
A Global Indicator to Track Well-Being in the Silver and Golden Age
Authors: Guo Qi , Grané Aurea , Albarrán Irene 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this work, we design a protocol to obtain global indicators of health and well-being from weighted and longitudinal heterogeneous multivariate data. First, we consider a set of thematic sub-indicators of interest observed in several periods. Next, we combine them using the Common Principal Component (CPC) model. For this purpose, we put a new straightforward CPC model to cope with weighted and longitudinal data and develop a new statistic to test the validity of the CPC-longitudinal model, whose distribution is obtained by stratified bootstrap. To illustrate this methodology, we use data from the last three waves of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE), which is the largest cross-European social science panel study data set covering insights into the public health and socio-economic living conditions of European individuals. In particular, we first design four thematic indicators that focus on general health status, dependency situation, self-perceived health, and socio-economic status. We then apply the CPC-longitudinal model to obtain a global indicator to track the well-being in the silver and golden age in the 18 participating European countries from 2015 to 2020. We found that the latest survey wave 8 captures the early reactions of respondents successfully. The pandemic significantly worsens people’s physical health conditions; however, the analysis of their self-perceived health presents a delay. Tracking the performances of our global indicator, we also found that people living in Northern Europe mainly have better health and well-being status than in other participating countries.
Kollektive Ansätze Sozialer Arbeit
Authors: Elsen Susanne 
Published: August 2023

ZusammenfassungDer Prozess der öko-sozialen Transformation öffnet Möglichkeiten der Verbindung der sozialen und ökologischen Entwicklungsaufgaben und der zivilgesellschaftlichen Bewegungen, mit einerseits sozialpolitischen- und ökologischen Zielen andererseits. Soziale Dienste sind aufgefordert diese Möglichkeit zu erkennen und zu nutzen und eine proaktive Sozialpolitik hat diese integrativen Ansätze zu fördern. Damit könnten soziale Dienste und mit ihnen ihre Nutzer_innen ein Stück weit aus ihrer marginalisierten Position heraustreten und sich verbinden mit Bestrebungen nachhaltiger Entwicklung. Die Verbindung sozialer Dienste mit solidarökonomischen Ansätzen ist nicht neu. Als Ansatz öko-sozialer Arbeit gewinnt sie aber zunehmend an Bedeutung. Im Kontext der Sozialen Arbeit wird das Potenzial der Solidarökonomie zur Förderung der Selbstorganisation benachteiligter Menschen und für eine gestaltende lokale Sozialpolitik deutlich.
Effect of microserum environment stimulation on extraction and biological function of colorectal cancer stem cells
Authors: Wang Feiqing , Zhao Jianing , Zhang Chike , Yang Bo , Tian Tingting , Tian Mengxian , Meng Na , Xie Wei , Liu Guangyang , Zhu Xiaodong , Su Min , He Zhixu , Liu Yang , Tang Dongxin , Li Yanju 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
3D cancer stem cell (CSC) cultures are widely used as in vitro tumor models. In this study, we determined the effects of enriching HCT116 tumor spheres initially cultured in serum-free medium with different concentrations of serum, focusing on the effect of microserum environment stimulation on extraction and biological function of colorectal cancer stem cells (CCSCs).

Methods
CCSCs were enriched in standard serum-free medium and serum-free medium with different concentrations of serum for 1 week. The expression of CSC-associated markers in CCSCs, and the presence and relative proportion of CSCs (CD133/CD44 cell sorting) were then determined to elucidate the effect of the microserum environment on the preservation of CSC-related features. Further, the tumorigenic capacity of CCSCs was evaluated in an immunodeficiency mouse model.

Results
Our data indicated that a significantly greater number of spheres with a greater size range and high viability without drastic alteration in biological and structural features, which maintained self‐renewal potential after sequential passages were formed after serum supplementation. Real-time analysis showed that both serum spheres and serum-free spheres displayed similar expression patterns for key stemness genes. Serum spheres showed higher expression of the CSC surface markers CD133 and CD44 than did CSCs spheres cultured in serum-free medium. Adherent cultures in complete medium could adapt to the serum-containing microenvironment faster and showed higher proliferation ability. The addition of serum induced EMT and promoted the migration and invasion of serum globular cells. Compared with serum-free cells and adherent cells, serum spheres showed higher tumor initiation ability.

Conclusions
Microserum environment stimulation could be an effective strategy for reliable enrichment of intact CCSCs, and a more efficient CSC enrichment method.
Development of a Regional F‐Region Critical Frequency Model for Southern Africa
Authors: Brijraj S. , Cilliers P. J. , Kosch M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA new localized linear regression model, called the SANSA model, is presented. The model provides a forecast of the F‐region critical frequency (foF2) over Grahamstown, South Africa (33.31°S, 26.52°E). The input parameters of this model are the maximum daily solar elevation angle, the F10.7 cm radio flux index and the planetary K index. The output parameter is the forecasted foF2. The historical data‐set consists of ionosonde foF2 observations made in Grahamstown for the period 2010–2019. The historical and predicted data sets used to develop the model are obtained from databases maintained by the South African National Space Agency, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The model improves on the results of the Ionospheric Communications Enhanced Profile Analysis and Circuit Prediction Program in terms of the root mean square error skill score metric. The work presented shows that a linear regression model based on the solar elevation angle as well as the F10.7 and planetary K indices can closely approximate observed foF2 magnitudes during quiet and storm times.
Neighborhood socioeconomic status is associated with low diversity gut microbiomes and multi-drug resistant microorganism colonization
Authors: Zuniga-Chaves Ibrahim , Eggers Shoshannah , Kates Ashley E. , Safdar Nasia , Suen Garret , Malecki Kristen M. C. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSocial disparities continue to limit universal access to health care, directly impacting both lifespan and quality of life. Concomitantly, the gut microbiome has been associated with downstream health outcomes including the global rise in antibiotic resistance. However, limited evidence exists examining socioeconomic status (SES) associations with gut microbiome composition. To address this, we collected information on the community-level SES, gut microbiota, and other individual cofactors including colonization by multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) in an adult cohort from Wisconsin, USA. We found an association between SES and microbial composition that is mediated by food insecurity. Additionally, we observed a higher prevalence of MDROs isolated from individuals with low diversity microbiomes and low neighborhood SES. Our integrated population-based study considers how the interplay of several social and economic factors combine to influence gut microbial composition while providing a framework for developing future interventions to help mitigate the SES health gap.
Orbital-selective charge-density wave in TaTe4
Authors: Xu R. Z. , Du X. , Zhou J. S. , Gu X. , Zhang Q. Q. , Li Y. D. , Zhao W. X. , Zheng F. W. , Arita M. , Shimada K. , Kim T. K. , Cacho C. , Guo Y. F. , Liu Z. K. , Chen Y. L. , Yang L. X. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTaTe4, a metallic charge-density wave (CDW) material discovered decades ago, has attracted renewed attention due to its rich interesting properties, such as pressure-induced superconductivity and candidate nontrivial topological phase. Here, using high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and ab initio calculation, we systematically investigate the electronic structure of TaTe4. At 26 K, we observe a CDW gap as large as 290 meV, which persists up to 500 K. The CDW-modulated band structure shows a complex reconstruction that closely correlates with the lattice distortion. Inside the CDW gap, there exist highly dispersive energy bands contributing to the remnant Fermi surface and metallic behavior in the CDW state. Interestingly, our ab initio calculation reveals that the large CDW gap mainly opens in the electronic states with out-of-plane orbital components, while the in-gap metallic states originate from in-plane orbitals, suggesting an orbital texture that couples with the CDW order. Our results shed light on the interplay between electron, lattice, and orbital in quasi-one-dimensional CDW materials.