bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENERAPAN TEKNOLOGI BUDIKDAMBER DALAM PEMANFAATAN LAHAN PEKARANGAN
Authors: Rina Astarika  , Deki Zulkarnain  , Muhammad Tair  , Darmatasiah  
Published: May 2023

Tujuan kegiatan Ipteks bagi masyarakat desa Semau Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Barat melalui Teknologi Budidaya Budikdamber (budidaya ikan dan sayuran dalam ember) adalah : (1) Meningkatkan kemampuan kecakapan hidup (life skill) ibu rumah tangga dan pemuda/pemudi desa Semau, (2) Memberikan pemahaman kepada masyarakat desa Semau tentang budidiaya budikdamber dan manfaat yang dihasilkan, (3) Menimbulkan semangat wirausaha masyarakat dengan pemanfaatan teknologi tepat guna guna berbasis sumberdaya alam yang ramah lingkungan dan (4) meningkatkan pendapatan warga desa sekaligus menciptakan kemandirian masyarakat desa. Permasalahan yang dihadapi masyarakat desa Semau Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Barat adalah bagaimana upaya meningkatkan taraf ekonomi mereka dengan keterbatasan keahlian yang dimiliki dan sumber daya desa yang terbatas. Mata pencaharian penduduk desa Semau adalah berkebun, padahal wilayah desa Semau merupakan lahan pasang surut yang tidak cocok digunakan untuk tanaman perkebunan. Banyak lahan di desa Semau dibiarkan begitu saja sehingga menjadi tidak produktif. Berangkat dari permasalahan tersebut maka dilaksanakan kegiatan penerapan tekonologi budidaya ikan dan sayuran dalam ember (Teknologi Budikdamber) kepada masyarakat desa Semau. Metode pelaksanaan yang dilakukan adalah dengan : (1) Mengenalkan pemanfaatan lahan pekarangan di daerah pasang surut (2) Mengenalkan dan memberikan informasi tentang berbagai teknologi tepat guna yang ramah lingkungan kepada masyarakat, (3) pelatihan /pendampingan paket teknologi budidaya budikdamber, (4) pelatihan/pendampingan pembuatan hidroponik tanpa listrik menggunakan panel sutra dan (5) pelatihan/pendampingan pemasaran hasil panen teknologi budikdamber. Hasil dari kegiatan ini adalah mulai berkembangnya teknologi tepat guna di desa semau, meningkatnya pengetahuan dan keterampilan masyarakat tentang teknologi tepat guna yang ramah lingkungan, meningkatnya pendapatan, serta menciptakan kemandirian dan lapangan kerja.
Field evaluation of the sex pheromone of the cacao pod borer (Conopomorpha cramerella Snellen) in the Philippines
Authors: Amalin Divina M. , Arcelo Mercedes , Almarinez Billy Joel M. , Castillo Rhodina C. , Legaspi Jesusa C. , Santos Kris Lord T. , Tavera Mary Angelique A. , Janairo Jose Isagani B. , Zhang Aijun 
Published: May 2023

Cacao is a promising high-value crop in the Philippines and is considered one of the key players globally in providing the raw materials for chocolate making. However, before the Philippines can take this market opportunity, production constraints from various pests should be addressed. The cacao pod borer (CPB), Conopomorpha cramerella, is one of the major insect pests of cacao in the Philippines, which can cause up to 50% annual loss or even higher if proper management is not employed. Management of CPB heavily relies on chemical control but is becoming unpopular because of its high cost and health risk to people and the environment. A number of efforts have been made to develop sex pheromones to monitor and control CPB. A field bioassay of the new blend of CPB sex pheromones was conducted in southern Philippines to determine its efficiency and identify the appropriate trap height placement in a cacao field, which is important in maximizing the efficiency of the sex pheromone traps for inclusion in the integrated pest management (IPM) program of CPB. Pheromone lures at four different trap heights (1.0 m, 0.5 m above the canopy, 0.0 m or along the canopy, and 0.5 m below the canopy) and a blank lure (control) placed 1.0 m above the canopy were evaluated in terms of male CPB trap catches. Results showed significantly higher male CPB trap catches when installed at least 0.5 m above the canopy while minimal to zero male CPB catches were obtained from the control traps with blank lures, confirming the attractiveness of the new blend of the CPB sex pheromone in the field. This suggests the reliability of the pheromone-based method to monitor and control CPB and as a major component of the IPM program.
A highly generalized classifier for osteoporosis radiography based on multiscale fractal, lacunarity, and entropy distributions
Authors: Cui Jingnan , Liu Cheng Lei , Jennane Rachid , Ai Songtao , Dai Kerong , Tsai Tsung-Yuan 
Published: May 2023

Background: Osteoporosis is a common degenerative disease with high incidence among aging populations. However, in regular radiographic diagnostics, asymptomatic osteoporosis is often overlooked and does not include tests for bone mineral density or bone trabecular condition. Therefore, we proposed a highly generalized classifier for osteoporosis radiography based on the multiscale fractal, lacunarity, and entropy distributions.Methods: We collected a total of 104 radiographs (92 for training and 12 for testing) of lumbar spine L4 and divided them into three groups (normal, osteopenia, and osteoporosis). In parallel, 174 radiographs (116 for training and 58 for testing) of calcaneus from health and osteoporotic fracture groups were collected. The texture feature data of all the radiographs were pulled out and analyzed. The Davies–Bouldin index was applied to optimize hyperparameters of feature counting. Neighborhood component analysis was performed to reduce feature dimension and increase generalization. A support vector machine classifier was trained with only the most effective six features for each binary classification scenario. The accuracy and sensitivity performance were estimated by calculating the area under the curve.Results: Interpretable feature trends of osteoporotic pathological changes were depicted. On the spine test dataset, the accuracy and sensitivity of binary classifiers were 0.851 (95% CI: 0.730–0.922), 0.813 (95% CI: 0.718–0.878), and 0.936 (95% CI: 0.826–1) for osteoporosis diagnosis; 0.721 (95% CI: 0.578–0.824), 0.675 (95% CI: 0.563–0.772), and 0.774 (95% CI: 0.635–0.878) for osteopenia diagnosis; and 0.935 (95% CI: 0.830–0.968), 0.928 (95% CI: 0.863–0.963), and 0.910 (95% CI: 0.746–1) for osteoporosis diagnosis from osteopenia. On the calcaneus test dataset, they were 0.767 (95% CI: 0.629–0.879), 0.672 (95% CI: 0.545–0.793), and 0.790 (95% CI: 0.621–0.923) for osteoporosis diagnosis.Conclusion: This method showed the capacity of resisting disturbance on lateral spine radiographs and high generalization on the calcaneus dataset. Pixel-wise texture features not only helped to understand osteoporosis on radiographs better but also shed new light on computer-aided osteopenia and osteoporosis diagnosis.
Physiological iodine uptake of the spine’s bone marrow in dual-energy computed tomography – using artificial intelligence to define reference values based on 678 CT examinations of 189 individuals
Authors: Fervers Philipp , Fervers Florian , Rinneburger Miriam , Weisthoff Mathilda , Kottlors Jonathan , Reimer Robert , Zopfs David , Celik Erkan , Maintz David , Große-Hokamp Nils , Persigehl Thorsten 
Published: May 2023

PurposeThe bone marrow’s iodine uptake in dual-energy CT (DECT) is elevated in malignant disease. We aimed to investigate the physiological range of bone marrow iodine uptake after intravenous contrast application, and examine its dependence on vBMD, iodine blood pool, patient age, and sex.MethodRetrospective analysis of oncological patients without evidence of metastatic disease. DECT examinations were performed on a spectral detector CT scanner in portal venous contrast phase. The thoracic and lumbar spine were segmented by a pre-trained neural network, obtaining volumetric iodine concentration data [mg/ml]. vBMD was assessed using a phantomless, CE-certified software [mg/cm3]. The iodine blood pool was estimated by ROI-based measurements in the great abdominal vessels. A multivariate regression model was fit with the dependent variable “median bone marrow iodine uptake”. Standardized regression coefficients (β) were calculated to assess the impact of each covariate.Results678 consecutive DECT exams of 189 individuals (93 female, age 61.4 ± 16.0 years) were evaluated. AI-based segmentation provided volumetric data of 97.9% of the included vertebrae (n=11,286). The 95th percentile of bone marrow iodine uptake, as a surrogate for the upper margin of the physiological distribution, ranged between 4.7-6.4 mg/ml. vBMD (p &lt;0.001, mean β=0.50) and portal vein iodine blood pool (p &lt;0.001, mean β=0.43) mediated the strongest impact. Based thereon, adjusted reference values were calculated.ConclusionThe bone marrow iodine uptake demonstrates a distinct profile depending on vBMD, iodine blood pool, patient age, and sex. This study is the first to provide the adjusted reference values.
Association between weight-adjusted-waist index with hepatic steatosis and liver fibrosis: a nationally representative cross-sectional study from NHANES 2017 to 2020
Authors: Shen Yun , Wu Yahui , Fu Minghan , Zhu Kai , Wang Jinsheng 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundThe negative effects of obesity on hepatic steatosis and fibrosis have received considerable attention in recent years. The weight-adjusted-waist index (WWI) reflects weight-independent centripetal obesity. Herein, we provide the first investigation of a link between WWI, hepatic steatosis, and liver fibrosis.MethodsWe used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2017-2020 to conduct a cross-sectional study. The linear relationship between WWI, controlled attenuation parameters, and liver stiffness measurements (LSM) was investigated using multivariate linear regression models. The nonlinear relationship was described using fitted smoothed curves and threshold effect analyses. Subgroup analyses were performed based on gender, age, body mass index, diabetes, hypertension, drinking, and smoking.ResultsThis population-based study included 7,594 people, 50.74% of whom were men and 49.26% of whom were women. Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed a significant positive relationship between WWI and hepatic steatosis [CAP, β=7.60, 95% confidence interval (CI) (4.42, 10.78), P&lt;0.0001]. This positive association was stronger when excessive alcohol intake was present compared to when it was absent (P for interaction = 0.031), and when hypertension was present compared to when it was not (P for interaction = 0.014). The linear relationship between WWI and liver fibrosis was not statistically significant on multiple regression analysis [LSM, β=0.03, 95% CI (-0.26, 0.32), P=0.84]. However, a U-shaped association was seen between WWI and LSM, with a negative correlation when WWI&lt; 10.92 and a positive correlation when WWI &gt; 10.92.ConclusionWe report a strong association between WWI and hepatic steatosis, and suggest that it may potentially be used as a simple anthropometric index to predict hepatic steatosis.
Denosumab treatment and infection risks in patients with osteoporosis: propensity score matching analysis of a national-wide population-based cohort study
Authors: Huang Shih-Ting , Chiu Ting-Fang , Chiu Chih-Wei , Kao Yu-Nong , Wang I-Kang , Chang Chi-Tzung , Li Chi-Yuan , Sun Chung-Shu , Lin Cheng-Li , Yu Tung-Min , Kao Chia-Hung 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionDenosumab demonstrates efficacy in reducing the incidence of hip, vertebral, and nonvertebral fractures in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. We present a population-based national cohort study to evaluate the infection risks in patients with osteoporosis after long-term denosumab therapy.MethodsWe used the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) to identify patients with osteoporosis. The case cohort comprised patients treated with denosumab. Propensity score (PS) matching was used to select denosumab nonusers for the control cohort. The study period was between August 2011 and December 2017. Our study comprised 30,106 pairs of case and control patients.ResultsPatients receiving denosumab therapy had high risks of the following infections: pneumonia and influenza (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]: 1.33; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.27 -1.39), urinary tract infection (aHR: 1.36; 95% CI:1.32 -1.40), tuberculosis (aHR: 1.60; 95% CI: 1.36 -1.87), fungal infection (aHR: 1.67; 95% CI:1.46 -1.90), candidiasis (aHR: 1.68; 95% CI: 1.47 -1.93), herpes zoster infection (aHR: 1.27; 95% CI: 1.19 -1.35), sepsis (aHR: 1.54; 95% CI:1.43 -1.66), and death (aHR: 1.26; 95% CI: 1.20 -1.32). However, the longer the duration of denosumab treatment, the lower the risk patients had of developing infections.DiscussionDenosumab therapy is associated with a higher infection risk at the early periods of treatment. Nevertheless, the risk attenuates significantly after the 2nd year of therapy. Clinicians should closely monitor infection status in patients with osteoporosis during the initial stages of denosumab therapy.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of women's awareness of obstetric fistula and its determinants in Ethiopia
Authors: Melis Tamirat , Mose Ayenew 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundAlthough obstetric fistula has been extensively eliminated in high-income countries due to comprehensive obstetric health care services, in developing countries including Ethiopia, many women and girls are still silently suffering from obstetric fistula due to early marriage, poor socioeconomic status, lack of access to skilled birth attendants, and limited awareness of obstetric fistula.ObjectiveTo determine the magnitude of women's awareness of obstetric fistula and its contributing factors in Ethiopia.MethodsTo perform this analysis, we strictly adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) recommendations. To evaluate publication bias, we employed an Egger's test and an eye assessment of the funnel plot's symmetry. To look for signs of study heterogeneity, the Cochrane Q-test and I2 statistics were used. A Microsoft Excel spreadsheet was used to extract the data, and STATA version 14 was used to analyze it.ResultsA total of six studies involving 3,024 women were included. The pooled prevalence of women's awareness of obstetric fistula in Ethiopia was 41.24% (95% CI; 32.94%−49.54%). Urban residence (AOR = 2.32, 95% CI: 1.40–3.85), giving birth at a health institution (AOR = 2.84, 95% CI: 1.92–4.21), having secondary or above educational status (AOR = 3.27, 95% CI: 2.15–4.97), receiving antenatal care follow-up (AOR = 2.73, 95% CI: 1.71–4.35), and participation in pregnant women's conferences (AOR = 4.64, 95% CI: 2.88–7.49) were factors associated with good awareness of obstetric fistula in women in Ethiopia.ConclusionThe pooled prevalence of women's awareness of obstetric fistula was low. Urban residence, giving birth at a health institution, having secondary and above educational status, having antenatal care follow-up, and participating in pregnant women's conferences were factors associated with women's awareness of obstetric fistula. Therefore, enhancing women's awareness of obstetric fistula and promoting institutional delivery and antenatal follow-up is recommended. Furthermore, policymakers and stakeholders should empower women and pay particular attention to the neglected but important public health problem that is obstetric fistula.
Identification and characterization of the ferroptosis-related ceRNA network in irreversible pulpitis
Authors: Xie Qiuyan , Yu Hongwen , Liu Zining , Zhou Bangyi , Fang Fuchun , Qiu Wei , Wu Hongle 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundThe role of ferroptosis in irreversible pulpitis (IP) remains unclear. The competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) theory that has been widely investigated is rarely used studied in IP. Hub lncRNAs selected from a ceRNA network may provide a novel hypothesis for the interaction of ferroptosis and IP.MethodsDifferentially expressed genes (DEGs) were intersected with 484 ferroptosis markers to identify differentially expressed ferroptosis-related genes (DE-FRGs). Functional analysis and protein−protein interaction (PPI) networks were constructed to reveal the functions of DE-FRGs. Then, coexpression analyses were conducted between DE-FRGs and DElncRNAs to define ferroptosis-related DElncRNAs (FR-DElncRNAs). Predictions of DE-FRG- and FR-DElncRNA-related miRNAs were obtained, and members of both groups were selected. Additionally, two ceRNA networks consisting of FR-DElncRNAs, miRNAs and DE-FRGs from upregulated and downregulated groups were built. Finally, the hub lncRNAs of the ceRNA networks were used for immuno-infiltration analysis and qPCR verification.ResultsAccording to the results of PCA and clustering analysis, 5 inflamed and 5 healthy pulp tissue samples were selected for analysis. The intersection of DEGs with 484 ferroptosis marker genes identified 72 DE-FRGs. The response to stimulus, cellular process, signaling, localization, and biological regulation pathways related to DE-FRGs were enriched. In total, 161 downregulated and 40 upregulated FR-DElncRNAs were chosen by coexpression analysis for further investigation. The MultimiR package and starBase were used to predict miRNAs of DE-FRGs and FR-DElncRNAs, respectively. The upregulated ceRNA network contained 2 FR-DElncRNAs (↑), 19 miRNAs (↓) and 22 DE-FRGs (↑). The downregulated network contained 44 FR-DElncRNAs (↓), 251 miRNAs (↑) and 10 DE-FRGs (↓). Six hub lncRNAs were identified based on the MCC method (LUCAT1 and AC106897.1 ↑; LINC00943, AL583810.1, AC068888.1, and AC125257.1↓). In addition, strong relationships between hub lncRNAs and immune cells were shown by immune infiltration analysis. Finally, validated by qPCR assays of the pulp tissue of IP patients, the expression levels in clinical samples were consistent with the microarray data.ConclusionTwo ceRNA networks were comprehensively constructed, and 6 hub lncRNAs were identified. These genes provide novel insights into the relationship between ferroptosis and IP. Intriguingly, the LINC00943/hsa-miR-29a-3p/PDK4 axis was deemed to be the key node in this network.
Predicting total lung capacity from spirometry: a machine learning approach
Authors: Beverin Luka , Topalovic Marko , Halilovic Armin , Desbordes Paul , Janssens Wim , De Vos Maarten 
Published: May 2023

Background and objectiveSpirometry patterns can suggest that a patient has a restrictive ventilatory impairment; however, lung volume measurements such as total lung capacity (TLC) are required to confirm the diagnosis. The aim of the study was to train a supervised machine learning model that can accurately estimate TLC values from spirometry and subsequently identify which patients would most benefit from undergoing a complete pulmonary function test.MethodsWe trained three tree-based machine learning models on 51,761 spirometry data points with corresponding TLC measurements. We then compared model performance using an independent test set consisting of 1,402 patients. The best-performing model was used to retrospectively identify restrictive ventilatory impairment in the same test set. The algorithm was compared against different spirometry patterns commonly used to predict restriction.ResultsThe prevalence of restrictive ventilatory impairment in the test set is 16.7% (234/1402). CatBoost was the best-performing machine learning model. It predicted TLC with a mean squared error (MSE) of 560.1 mL. The sensitivity, specificity, and F1-score of the optimal algorithm for predicting restrictive ventilatory impairment was 83, 92, and 75%, respectively.ConclusionA machine learning model trained on spirometry data can estimate TLC to a high degree of accuracy. This approach could be used to develop future smart home-based spirometry solutions, which could aid decision making and self-monitoring in patients with restrictive lung diseases.
Frailty as a risk marker of adverse lower urinary symptom outcomes in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia undergoing transurethral resection of prostate
Authors: Ren Xiang , Wang Jing , Wang Zhixian , Yin Yisheng , Li Xing , Tian Yiqun , Guo Zihao , Zeng Xiaoyong 
Published: May 2023

PurposeLower urinary symptoms (LUTS) may persist in a proportion of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) following transurethral resection of prostate (TURP), which is a major cause of reduced quality-of-life. We aimed to investigate the effect of frailty on LUTS in patients with BPH treated with TURP.MethodsWe longitudinally evaluated LUTS and health-related quality-of-life (HRQOL) in patients with BPH treated with TURP from February 2019 and January 2022 using International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and Short Form-8 (SF-8), respectively. Patients were divided into frail and non-frail groups according to the Fried phenotype (FP). The primary purpose was comparing the outcomes of LUTS and HRQOL between two groups. Secondary purposes were investigating the frailty as a preoperative predictor of postoperative adverse LUTS outcomes following TURP using logistic regression analysis. A 1:2 propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to reduce the effects of selection bias and potential confounders.ResultsOf the 567 patients enrolled, 495 (87.3%) patients were non-frail (FP = 0–2), and the remaining 72 (12.7%) patients were classified into the frail group. There were no significant differences in body mass index (BMI), urine white blood cell (UWBC), creatinine, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and prostate volume in both groups at baseline (all p &gt; 0.05). However, patients with frailty were older, higher comorbidity rates, lower peak flow rates and lower HRQOL. In the frail group, although LUTS and HRQOL at 6 months following TURP improved significantly compared to those at baseline, it did not show a significant improvement compared with the non-frail group (both p &lt; 0.001). Moreover, multivariable logistic regression analysis demonstrated that preoperative frailty was significantly associated with poor LUTS improvement in both the entire cohort and PSM subset (both p &lt; 0.05), whereas age and comorbidities were not after PSM analysis.ConclusionIn patients with frail or non-frail, TURP for BPH provides overall good results. However, frail individuals are at higher risk of postoperative adverse LUTS outcomes. Frailty has the potential to be a strong objective tool for risk stratification and should be considered during the perioperative evaluation.