bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Maiden application of colliding bodies optimizer for load frequency control of two‐area nonreheated thermal and hydrothermal power systems
Authors: Veerendar Tejavath , Kumar Deepak , Sreeram Victor 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis article presents a novel load frequency control (LFC) approach using colliding bodies optimizer (CBO) for frequency stabilization of interlinked multiarea electric power systems. The optimal parameters of the suggested CBO‐based proportional–integral–derivative‐filter controller ascertain an effective LFC solution. First, a well‐known and widely used linearized two‐area nonreheated thermal power system is examined to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed approach. The effectiveness of the proposed method is analyzed by comparing the outcomes of several recently presented LFC schemes. The performance analysis shows a settling time improvement of 3.10%, 14.29%, and 18.66% in the case of area‐1 and area‐2 frequencies and tie‐line power deviations compared with an imperialist competitive algorithm (ICA)‐based controller. The robustness of the proposed scheme is also evaluated in the presence of various operating scenarios. Additionally, the work is extended to a two‐area nonreheated hydrothermal power system. The proposed method shows an improvement of over 60% in the performance index compared with several existing techniques‐based controllers such as optics‐inspired optimization, gray‐wolf optimization, quasi‐oppositional differential search algorithm, bacterial foraging optimization algorithm, and ICA.
A comparison of methods used to track the ‘green molecules’ and determine the carbon intensities of co‐processed fuels
Authors: Su Jianping , vanDyk Susan , O’Connor Don , Saddler Jack 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPolicies such as a low carbon fuel standard (LCFS) have incentivized oil refineries to lower the carbon intensity of their operations and the fuels they produce. Although an increasing number of refineries are co‐processing biogenic feedstocks, determining the renewable content and carbon intensities of the co‐processed fuels (and potential credits earned through policies such as a LCFS) has proven to be challenging. Various methods that might be used to track the green molecules and determine the carbon intensities of co‐processed fuels were compared. Although the use of carbon 14 and mass balance have predominated, each of these methods has some advantages and disadvantages. To try to benefit from the strengths of each method, a combined direct (C14) and indirect (modified mass balance) approach was shown to give representative values. However, the quality and frequency of the information collected needs to be assured, as it can improve the quality of data needed to determine the carbon intensity of the final fuels.
Ellagic acid from pomegranate peel: Consecutive countercurrent chromatographic separation and antioxidant effect
Authors: Yang Yi , Liu Meihui , Liu Chang , Tang Shanshan , Gu Dongyu , Tian Jing , Huang Dezhi , He Fei 
Published: April 2023

AbstractEllagic acid is one of the most representative natural antioxidants, and is rich in pomegranate peel. In this study, a consecutive countercurrent chromatographic (CCC) separation method was established to improve the preparative efficiency of ellagic acid from pomegranate peel. By optimizing the solvent system, sample size and flow rate, 280 mg of ellagic acid was obtained from 5 g of crude sample from pomegranate peel by CCC after six consecutive injections. Moreover, the values of EC50 for ellagic acid in scavenging ABTS·+ and DPPH· were 4.59 ± 0.07 and 10.54 ± 0.07 μg/ml, respectively, indicating a strong antioxidant activity. This study not only established a high‐throughput method for the preparation of ellagic acid, but also provided a successful example for the development of and research on other natural antioxidants.
Students’ Perspective on Scientific Training
Authors: Chua Gabriella N. L. , Vandana J. Jeya , Hsieh Chun‐Cheng 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHow should lab heads train their students and what is the role of degree‐granting institutions in this process? Chua, Vandana, and Hsieh discuss the needs of graduate students and ways to cultivate purposeful, personalized mentee training in the lab.
Determination of the physical, chemical and antinutritional properties of firik and einkorn bulgur
Authors: Pekkirişci Büşra , Bilgiçli Nermin , Cankurtaran‐Kömürcü Tekmile 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesHulled wheat varieties and immature grains are seen as interesting raw materials in the production of grain‐based products. More research is needed on the quality, functional and nutritional properties of einkorn and immature wheat products, which are processed and consumed by many societies under different names. This study was carried out to evaluate the physical and nutritional properties of einkorn bulgur and firik (bulgur produced from immature wheat) samples sold in the market.FindingsThe firik samples had higher ash, fat and free, bound and total phenolic content, antioxidant activity and lower protein content than einkorn bulgur. Low phytic acid content of firik obtained from immature wheat was found to be remarkable. The total yellow pigment, Ca and Mg contents were found to be 5.4, 1.3, and 1.3 times higher in firik samples than in einkorn bulgur. The weight increase value obtained as a result of the cooking test was found to be lower in firik samples compared to einkorn bulgur.ConclusionsBoth types of bulgur showed superior characteristics in terms of nutritional value and functional properties.Significance and NoveltyIt has been determined that firik and einkorn bulgur are two important products in terms of healthy nutrition with their functional components. It is an introductory study in terms of expanding the usage area of valuable ancient wheat and immature durum wheat and processing it into new products.
Supported Metal Single Atom Catalysis. Edited by Philippe Serp and Doan Pham Minh.
Authors: Vilé Gianvito , Qiao Botao 
Published: April 2023

Abstract“Supported Metal Single Atom Catalysis”, edited by Philippe Serp and Doan Pham Minh, covers all key aspects of supported metal single atom catalysts, an invaluable resource for academic researchers and industry professionals alike. For more information: https://www.wiley.com/en‐gb/9783527830176
ENGINEERING MODEL FOR THE VERTICAL SHEAR CAPACITY OF COMPOSITE SLABS WITH ADDITIONAL REINFORCING STEEL
Authors: Schmeckebier Nicole , Kurz Wolfgang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractUp to now, no independent model for the shear design of composite slabs under the consideration of the two types of longitudinal reinforcement – metal sheet and reinforcing steel – exists. Therefore, extensive investigations were conducted at Technische Universität Kaiserslautern. The research project was completed recently. A new engineering model, which was calibrated on tests, was developed. Furthermore, the engineering model was transferred into a design model. In this paper the experimental investigations are presented as well as the engineering model.
NEW EUROCODE 4 DESIGN RULES FOR COMPOSITE BEAMS WITH PRECAST CONCRETE SLABS
Authors: Hicks Stephen J. , Braun Matthias , Markovic Zlatko , Way James 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAs members of Project Team SC4.T5, the authors of this paper present the main outcomes from the work that is intended for implementation within the second generation of Eurocode 4. General design and application rules for composite design of precast concrete elements will be presented, with a particular focus on: the effective width of flanges using precast concrete elements for shear lag; design resistance to longitudinal shear; and the design resistance of headed stud connectors in the presence of precast hollow core slabs.
INFLUENCE OF HOT DIP GALVANIZING ON THE FATIGUE BEHAVIOUR OF T‐STUDS FOR A GROUTED JOINT OF INTEGRAL COMPOSITE FRAME BRIDGES
Authors: Mensinger Martin , Oberhaidinger Florian , Stimmelmayr Lukas 
Published: April 2023

AbstractRecent investigations paved the way for hot dip galvanizing in the field of bridge constructions [1]. Due to technical limitations of hot dip galvanizing, steel girders longer than 16 meters have to be divided and connected afterwards. The Chair of Metal Structures works in cooperation with the Chair of Concrete Structures of the Technical University of Munich (TUM) and the Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und ‐prüfung (BAM), to develop a grouted joint connection, which is suitable for hot dip galvanizing. In contrast to welding the segments on site or using prestressed bolt connections, the hot dip galvanization of the grouted joint remains undamaged for the whole service life time of the structure. As part of this research, the main component of the grouted joint ‐ a hot dip galvanized T‐stud ‐ is investigated regarding its fatigue behaviour. The present paper outlines the idea and the structure of the grouted joint and classifies the hot dip galvanized T‐stud according to a fatigue class given in EN 1993‐1‐9 [2]. Furthermore, the fatigue assessment for the grouted joint and an optimization of the geometry of the T‐Studs is carried out using finite element analysis.
FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSES FOR EUROPEAN MODEL OF THE STEEL AND FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE CIRCULAR HOLLOW SECTION COLUMN IN FIRE
Authors: Tretyakov A. , Tkalenko I. , Cábová K. , Wald F. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis paper is focuses on advanced numerical FEM model of the global mechanical behaviour of CHS columns with SFRC infill at elevated temperature description. The proposed model was validated on experimental data and examples from literature and it is a foundation for numerous of numerical simulations generation in aim to develop simplified design tool, which will follow the coming changes in European standard for composite member design in fire in EN1994‐1‐2:2020.
MEMBRANE ACTION OF REINFORCED CONCRETE SLABS IN FIRE
Authors: Hirashima T. , Ozaki F. , Yoshida T. , Kimura K. , Suzuki J. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractFor RC slabs supported in 2 ways, when deflection increases, membrane stress occurs within the cross section of the slab, and as a result the load‐bearing capacity of the slab is improved due to this membrane action. In this paper, the results of load‐bearing fire test are introduced that targets a composite flooring system composed of a flat RC slab in which two‐tier reinforcements are arranged and an unprotected beam. The RC slab to which the bending collapse load based on the yield‐line theory was given sustained load‐bearing capacity even after being subjected to 3 hours and more of standard fire heating.
INFLUENCE ON THE LOAD‐DISPLACEMENT BEHAVIOUR OF STEEL‐TO‐CONCRETE CONNECTIONS WITH POST‐INSTALLED ADHESIVE ANCHORS
Authors: Maçi Nilde , Hofmann Jan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDesigning frame structures requires knowing the behaviour of each member of the frame (beam, column, joint, etc.) regarding the axial forces, shear forces, and bending moments. Furthermore, the ductility of the structure under seismic loading is essential in earthquake regions. Nowadays, structural frames are built from different materials such as concrete and steel, to achieve better performance. Therefore, the behaviour of the connections between steel and concrete is essential. The steel‐to‐concrete joints were the focus of the INFASO project, where joint solutions with easy fabrication, quick assembly, applicability in old structures, sufficient ductility, and high loading capacity were developed. They proposed the use of anchor plates with welded studs or post‐installed fasteners such as adhesive anchors to connect the steel and concrete members. This paper focuses on the performance of post‐installed adhesive anchors. During their service life, post‐installed anchors are subjected to monotonic, constant, and seismic loading. Each of these loading approaches is described in the current standards. Seismic and constant loading tests are of importance to the long‐term behaviour of the anchors. Seismic loading tests are carried out using a predefined cycle pattern. According to TR049, seismic tests of category C1 (tension and shear) are performed with 140 load cycles, where the load amplitude decreases after 10, 30, and 100 cycles. On the contrary, C2 category tests increase the amplitude within 75 or 59 cycles, depending on the test. Constant loading tests apply when the anchors are installed in cracked concrete. In contrast to the mentioned patterns, this study observes the behaviour of the adhesive anchors when the amplitude of each cycle is increased by 5 % until the anchor fails. Standard short‐term pull‐out tests are carried out to determine the load increments. Various parameters such as the embedment depth, bond line thickness, hole cleaning, wet concrete, and elevated temperatures are studied. Confined and unconfined tests are performed. Overall, the reference short‐term failure loads are higher than those in the tests with incremental and cyclic loading. The anchors installed with reduced hole cleaning, in wet concrete or subjected to elevated temperatures have a lower failure load compared to the reference series. Two additional bond line thicknesses are used for comparison. The increase in the thickness influenced the failure load differently for confined and unconfined test setups.
DESIGN, CALCULATION AND CONSTRUCTION WORK OF A PRESTRESSED COMPOSITE CONSTRUCTION TO SUPPORT THE FAÇADE COLUMNS OF A HIGH‐RISE BUILDING
Authors: Breuninger U. , Landsberger J. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe publication describes the design, the structural analysis and the execution of two similar, high‐rise residential buildings in Frankfurt on the Main. The high‐rise buildings have 15 respectively 17 floors above ground. The socle of the high‐rise buildings contain the entrance (ground floor) and the building technology (1st and 2nd floor). The other 12 respectively 14 floors serve only residential purposes. The residential floors of the buildings protrude over the three‐storey high socle. The façade columns of the high‐rise buildings are existing only in the residential floors. Their load must be transferred to the socle. This load transfer is made possible by the all‐around cantilevered, prestressed composite construction above the socle.
STRENGTH OF CONCRETE‐FILLED STEEL DECK COMPOSITE DIAPHRAGMS WITH REINFORCING STEEL
Authors: Avellaneda‐Ramirez Raul E. , Eatherton Matthew R. , Easterling W. Samuel , Schafer Benjamin W. , Hajjar Jerome F. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractConcrete‐filled steel deck floors are the most commonly used diaphragm system in steel buildings. While a considerable amount of testing has been performed on bare steel deck diaphragms, a limited amount of data exists on concrete‐filled steel deck floor diaphragms subjected to cyclic loads. As part of a testing program at Virginia Tech, a total of eight cantilever diaphragm tests were performed on diaphragm specimens that were 5.2 m by 4.1 m with varied parameters such as deck height, total concrete thickness, concrete type (lightweight and normal weight), layout of headed shear studs, and reinforcement. Three of the specimens included reinforcing steel: two with reinforcing bars and one with welded wire mesh. The goal of this paper is to investigate strength predictions for these concrete‐filled steel deck diaphragms with varying types of steel reinforcement. A prediction model for the shear strength of concrete‐filled steel deck diaphragms was proposed and validated using the results of this experimental program, as well as the results of a testing program performed at Iowa State University.
EXPERIMENTAL AND NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION OF DOWEL STRIPS FOR LONGITUDINAL AND TRANSVERSE LOADING
Authors: Karge C. , Stroetmann R. , Wisnewski J. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA new field of application for dowel strips are orthotropic composite roadway slabs. In contrast to conventional composite steel bridge construction, the dowel strips create a two‐dimensional bond. As a result, they are not only exposed to longitudinal but also to transverse shear forces. Up to now, neither the load‐bearing capacity nor the load‐deformation behavior under transverse shear forces have been investigated. Furthermore, there are design related deviations from the current approval in form of a lower dowel distance. This paper presents two different types of push‐out tests, which provide new insights into small composite dowel strips under longitudinal and transverse loads. Based on these tests and numerical investigations, the effects of smaller dowel strips are analyzed and special features of the load transfer mechanism under transverse shear forces are highlighted. The investigations presented here were carried out as part of the AiF‐FOSTA research project P 1265 [1].
NAP1L1 is a novel microtubule‐associated protein
Authors: Peng Nannan , Zhang Yang , Zhang Xinyue , Wu Hui‐Yuan , Nakamura Fumihiko 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMicrotubule‐associated proteins (MAPs) regulate assembly and stability of microtubules (MTs) during cell cytokinesis, cell migration, neuronal growth, axon guidance, and synapse formation. Using data mining of the Human Protein Atlas database and experimental screening, we identified nucleosome assembly protein 1 like 1 (NAP1L1) as a new MAP. The Human Protein Atlas and PubMed database screening identified 99 potential new MAPs. Twenty candidate proteins that highly co‐localized with MTs were exogenously expressed with green fluorescent protein (GFP) or hemagglutinin (HA) tags in tissue culture cells and MTs were co‐stained for immunofluorescent microscopy. We found that NAP1L1 is mainly localized in the cytosol with MTs during interphase. Using bacterially expressed recombinant NAP1L1 fragments and purified MTs, we biochemically mapped the MT‐binding site on the N‐terminal region (1–72aa) and the central region (164–269aa) of NAP1L1. NAP1L1 dimerizes through the long helix region (73–163aa), and full‐length NAP1L1 induces the formation of thick MTs, indicating that NAP1L1 has the ability to bundle MTs in cells. Analysis of publicly available RNA‐seq data of NAP1L1 depleted cells suggested that NAP1L1 is involved in cell adhesion and migration in agreement with the function of NAP1L1 as a MAP.
Research on e‐commerce recommendation system based on matrix factorization algorithm
Authors: Wang Zhi , Qin Yongfei , Shi Yan , Jiang Ming , Wang Weigang 
Published: April 2023

SummaryThe development of the internet has brought great convenience to people's travel and shopping. More and more people choose to shop online. As e‐commerce continues to grow in scale, the number and variety of products are also growing rapidly, which results in customers taking a lot of time to find the products they want to buy. This problem prevents people from using the Internet quickly and efficiently. In order to solve these problems, personalized recommendation system comes into being. It can directly predict the content that users may be interested in based on their historical behavior, and make personalized recommendations for them in the massive data. Based on the idea of collaborative filtering, this paper adopts matrix factorization method to analyze the sales records of an e‐commerce platform, and analyzes the potential preferences of 686 customers, and gives the top five personalized recommended products StockCode of users.
pH‐Regulated Refinement of Pore Size in Carbon Spheres for Size‐Sieving of Gaseous C8, C6 and C3 Hydrocarbon Pairs
Authors: Du Shengjun , Huang Baolin , Hao Guang‐Ping , Huang Jiawu , Liu Zewei , Oschatz Martin , Xiao Jing , Lu An‐Hui 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSelective separation of industrial important C8, C6 and C3 hydrocarbon pairs by physisorbents can greatly reduce the energy intensity related to the currently used cryogenic distillation techniques. The achievement of size‐sieving based on carbonaceous materials is desirable, but commonly hindered by the random structure of carbons often with a broad pore size distribution. Herein, a pH‐regulated pre‐condensation strategy was introduced to control the carbon pore architecture by the sp2/sp3 hybridization of precursor. The lower pH value during pre‐condensation of glucose facilitates the growth of aromatic nanodomains, rearrangement of stacked layers and a concomitant transition from sp3‐C to sp2‐C. The subsequent pyrolysis endows the pore size manipulated from 6.8 to 4.8 Å and narrowly distributed over a range of 0.2 Å. The refined pores enable effective size‐sieving of C8, C6 and C3 hydrocarbon pairs with high separation factor of 1.9 and 4.9 for C8 xylene (X) isomers para‐X/meta‐X and para‐X/ortho‐X, respectively, 5.1 for C6 alkane isomers n‐hexane/3‐methylpentane, and 22.0 for C3H6/C3H8. The excellent separation performance based‐on size exclusion effect is validated by static adsorption isotherms and dynamic breakthrough experiments. This synthesis strategy provides a means of exploring advanced carbonaceous materials with controlled hybridized structure and pore sizes for challenging separation needs.
Post‐transplant cyclophosphamide as sole GHVD prophylaxis after matched reduced‐intensity conditioning allotransplant
Authors: Bourgeois Amandine Le , Jullien Maxime , Garnier Alice , Peterlin Pierre , Béné Marie C. , Guillaume Thierry , Chevallier Patrice 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundPost‐transplant cyclophosphamide (PTCY) alone as graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis may avoid/reduce short‐ and mid‐term toxicities of drugs commonly used for GVHD prophylaxis, accelerate immune reconstitution after the graft to decrease infections and facilitate the early integration of adjunct maintenance therapies to prevent relapse.ObjectiveA prospective phase 2 study was designed in order to assess the feasibility and safety of PTCY as a sole GVHD prophylaxis in adult patients receiving a Baltimore‐based reduced‐intensity conditioning (RIC) peripheral blood (PB) allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (Allo‐HSCT) with a matched donor.Study designPatients were planned to be included stepwise up to 59 evaluable PTCY recipients, in order to be able to stop the protocol in case of excessive corticosteroid resistant grade 3–4 severe acute GVHD (aGVHD). Because a high incidence of grade 2–4 aGVHD was observed after analysis of the first 27 patients, the protocol was amended to test the addition of 1 day of anti‐thymoglobulin to PTCY. In spite of this, the trial had to be stopped after 38 treated patients, because of an unacceptable rate of grade 3–4 aGVHD. Donors were matched related to 12 patients and unrelated to 26.ResultsWith a median follow‐up of 29.6 months, 2‐year overall, disease‐free and GVHD‐free relapse‐free (GRFS) survivals were respectively 65.4%, 62.1% and 46.9%. Cumulative incidences of grade 2–4 and 3–4 aGVHD at day 100 were 52.6% and 21.1%, respectively, while that of moderate/severe chronic(c) GVHD was 15.7% at 2 years. Addition of ATG to PTCY did influence neither aGVHD, cGVHD nor GRFS.ConclusionDespite paradoxically good survivals, especially GRFS, this study failed to demonstrate that PTCY (± ATG) alone can be used for Baltimore‐based RIC PB Allo‐HSCT with matched donors. Other combinations should be tested to try and avoid long‐term use of immunosuppressive drugs following Allo‐HSCT in this setting.