bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultrasonographic description of tendons and ligaments at the palmar (plantar) aspect of the distal limb in the one humped camel (Camelus dromedarius)
Authors: Gadallah SM , Sharshar AM , Elsharkawy SA , Fadel MS 
Published: August 2023

ObjectiveTo provide complete anatomical and ultrasonographic description of tendons and ligaments at the palmar (plantar) aspect of the cannon and phalangeal regions of the one‐humped camel.DesignForty‐two (21 fore and 21 hind) clinically normal camel cadavers' limbs disarticulated at the carpal and tarsal joints and three clinically normal mature camels were included in the study. Six cadaver limbs (three fore and three hind) were dissected, and another six limbs specimens (three fore and three hind) were frozen at −20° for 1 week then sectioned transversely with an electric band saw at different distances distal to the carpometacarpal and tarsometatarsal joints. The ultrasonographic study was carried out on the live camels and 30 cadaveric limbs. The shape, echogenicity and measurements (thickness, width and cross‐sectional area) of superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT), deep digital flexor tendon (DDFT), suspensory ligament (SL), and sesamoidean ligaments were recorded and the differences in values between live animals and cadaveric specimens were statistically analysed.ResultsThe shape and echogenicity of SDFT, DDFT, and SL, varied between proximal, middle, and distal thirds of the cannon bone and the phalangeal region. There was no significant difference between live animal and cadaveric specimens.ConclusionThis study provided complete description of tendons and ligaments at the palmar (plantar) aspect of the cannon and phalangeal region of the one humped camel. The data obtained serves as a reference guide for practicing veterinarians and for future studies on injury to ligaments and tendons of camel's distal extremity.
Online sustainable development goals disclosure: A comparative study in Italian and Spanish local governments
Authors: Nicolò Giuseppe , Andrades‐Peña Francisco Javier , Ferullo Diana , Martinez‐Martinez Domingo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this study, we performed a comparative analysis to examine the extent to which local governments (LGs) in two Mediterranean countries – Spain and Italy – use their websites to disclose information related to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in response to the launch of the United Nations' (UN) 2030 Agenda. We performed a manual content analysis of the official websites of all Italian and Spanish LGs with more than 100,000 inhabitants, constructing different disclosure indexes. We then used a non‐parametric statistical test to assess differences in disclosure behaviours between countries. Our findings show that the extent to which the investigated LGs disclose SDG‐related information online remains limited. Based on Oliver's (1991) strategic responses framework, we postulate that Italian and Spanish LGs have responded to the launch of the SDGs by adopting compromise and avoidance strategies.
Plumbagin induces apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, and inhibits protein synthesis in LoVo colon cancer cells: A proteomic analysis
Authors: Shu Jianlong , Wang Kaijie , Zhao Danya , Zhou Yanlin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractExtracted from the roots of Plumbago zeylanica L., plumbagin is a natural naphthoquinone with potential as an anticancer compound. However, no studies have investigated its impact on LoVo (colon cancer) cells, and the specific mechanisms by which plumbagin exerts its anticancer effects remain to be established. The anticancer potential of plumbagin against LoVo cells was evaluated using a battery of assays, including MTT assay, clone formation assay, transwell chamber invasion assay, and wound‐curing assay. Cell cycle analysis and cell apoptosis analysis were conducted to break down the anticancer impact of plumbagin on LoVo cells. A label‐free proteomics technology was employed to investigate alterations in protein expression in LoVo cells treated with plumbagin. Our investigation indicated that plumbagin markedly inhibited the LoVo cells proliferation, and induced the apoptosis in LoVo cells, simultaneously induced G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest. The LC‐MS/MS proteomics assay revealed 78 proteins that were differentially expressed upon treatment with plumbagin. Bioinformatics and functional analyses indicated that these proteins were predominantly involved in protein synthesis and translation. Our findings revealed that multiple mechanisms are involved in the anticancer activity of plumbagin against LoVo cells, resulting in decreased cell viability. Proteomic analysis suggests that plumbagin may impede protein synthesis by reducing the expression of eukaryotic initiation factors. Our findings demonstrate that plumbagin exerts its anticancer activity against LoVo cells through multiple mechanisms, including inhibition of cell proliferation, induction of apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, and disruption of protein synthesis. These results provide new insights into the therapeutic potential of plumbagin for colon cancer treatment.
Peer relationships mediate the pathways from behavioral qualities to United States and Chinese children's loneliness
Authors: Zhang Keqin , Duan Jingyi , Gest Scott , Chen Xinyin , Liu Junsheng , Li Dan , French Doran C. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractLoneliness is a perceived deficit in social relationships that is nested within broader cultural meaning systems. This longitudinal study examined predictors of loneliness in Chinese and U.S. children with the hypothesis that peer relationship parameters (number of friends, social preference, and popularity) mediate the associations between behavior qualities and loneliness differently across countries. Fifth‐grade Chinese (n = 576, Mage = 10.58 years) and U.S. (White, Black, Asian, n = 540; Mage = 10.23 years) children completed two waves of assessment within an academic year. Shyness and athletic competence more strongly predicted loneliness for U.S. children, and academic ability, and aggression more strongly predicted loneliness for Chinese children. Popularity was a mediator for U.S. children but not Chinese children.
Compression therapy in dermatology
Authors: Dissemond Joachim , Protz Kerstin , Stücker Markus 
Published: August 2023

SummaryCompression therapy is a conservative therapy that can be used in many patients with dermatological conditions, especially those associated with edema. In addition to its well‐established use in venous and lymphatic disorders, there is increasing evidence that compression therapy supports the healing of inflammatory dermatoses. The presence of edema, regardless of its etiology, is an indication for the use of compression therapy.Nowadays, a variety of materials and treatment options are available for compression therapy, each with their own advantages and disadvantages. Often, compression therapy with low resting pressures is sufficient for effective therapy and is better tolerated by patients. The main contraindications to compression therapy are advanced peripheral arterial disease and decompensated heart failure.Individual factors and economic considerations should be taken into account when deciding on compression therapy with the patient. Patient self‐management should be encouraged whenever possible. This requires education and support tools.
Towards an understanding of quality and inclusivity in human‐environment experiences
Authors: Palmer Andrew K. , Riley Mark , Brockett Beth F. T. , Evans Karl L. , Jones Laurence , Clement Sarah 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAs calls grow for relational approaches to nature and wellbeing research that consider reciprocity in human‐environment interactions, the concept of affordances is gaining importance as a useful way of thinking about nature experiences. Affordances provide a framework to enable individualised conceptions of nature by focusing on what is functionally meaningful to people. However, affordance thinking is currently limited in its ability to help us understand how peoples' background, culture and circumstances shape interactions with nature ‐ a critical issue with respect to inclusivity and the under‐representation of some sections of society. Bourdieu's theory of practice is a well‐established set of ‘thinking tools’ which potentially help addresses these influences. It examines how our social environment may pattern our practices, attitudes, and perceptions. In this paper, we review the various applications of affordances before providing an overview of how Bourdieu's concepts of habitus, capital and field can complement, and be integrated with, affordance thinking for novel applications to greenspace research. Bridging these areas of thinking will facilitate development of a more intersectional and complete understanding of nature experiences, including the quality and inclusivity of green and natural spaces.
Social determinants of citations: An empirical analysis of UK economists
Authors: D'Ippoliti Carlo , Gobbi Lucio , Mongeau Ospina Christian A. , Zacchia Giulia 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe investigate to what extent personal proximity and similarity in professional and political attributes, besides scientific factors, help explaining citations between economists. We do so by using a unique dataset of all academic economists based in the United Kingdom, created specifically for this study by merging RePEc data on works published in the past four decades with information collected by manually processing their curriculum vitae (CVs). We investigate directed citations within each pair of authors active in a same year, finding that social factors play an important role as predictors of citations. An author is systematically more likely to cite another economist not only if they work on similar topics, but most relevantly if they have been co‐authors, faculty colleagues, alumni of the same Alma Mater, and even if they express similar political views. The implication is that citations do not signal the intrinsic quality of research outputs only, but they also capture social and professional connections. When citation counts are used to reward academics, economists have an incentive to join many and large professional communities as doing so would increase their predicted citations.
Planetary scientific target detection via deep learning: A case study for finding shatter cones in Mars rover images
Authors: Bechtold Andreas , Paar Gerhard , Garolla Filippo , Nowak Rebecca , Fritz Laura , Traxler Christoph , Sidla Oliver , Koeberl Christian 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPast, present, and forthcoming planetary rover missions to Mars and other planetary bodies are equipped with a large number of scientific cameras. The very large number of images resulting from this, combined with tight time constraints for navigation, measurements, and analyses, pose a major challenge for the mission teams in terms of scientific target evaluation. Shatter cones are the only macroscopic evidence for impact‐induced shock metamorphism and therefore impact craters on Earth. The typical features of shatter cones, such as striations and horsetail structures, are particularly suitable for machine learning methods. The necessary training images do not exist for such a case; therefore, we pursued the approach of producing them artificially. Using PRo3D, a viewer developed for the interactive exploration and geologic analysis of high‐resolution planetary surface reconstructions, we virtually placed shatter cones in 3‐D background scenes processed from true Mars rover imagery. We use PRo3D‐rendered images of such scenes as training data for machine learning architectures. Terrestrial analog studies in Ethiopia supported our lab work and were used to test the resulting neural network of this feasibility study. The result showed that our approach with shatter cones in artificial Mars rover scenes is suitable to train neural networks for automatic detection of shatter cones. In addition, we have identified several aspects that can be used to improve the training of the neural network and increase the recognition rate. For example, using background data with a higher resolution in order to have equal resolution of object (shatter cone) and Martian background and increase the number of objects that can be placed in the training data set. Also using better lighting reconstructions and a better radiometric adaption between object and Martian background would further improve the results.
Unruh's hybrid account of harm
Authors: Carlson Erik , Johansson Jens , Risberg Olle 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCharlotte Unruh has recently put forward a hybrid account of what it is to suffer harm – one that combines comparative and non‐comparative elements. We raise two problems for Unruh's account. The first concerns killing and death; the second concerns the causing of temporarily low or high welfare.
Colonization by multidrug‐resistant bacteria in hematological patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and clinical outcomes: A single‐center retrospective cohort study
Authors: Santos Eduardo Sbrana , Lima Alberto Cardoso Martins , Breda Giovanni Luís , Tomaz Ana Paula de Oliveira , Nabhan Samir Kanaan , Funke Vaneuza Araújo Moreira , Loth Gisele , Nogueira Keite da Silva 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundBloodstream infections are a leading cause of death in patients who undergo hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and are more severe when caused by multidrug‐resistant (MDR) bacteria. This study proposed to investigate if colonization by MDR bacteria negatively affects the clinical outcomes in hematological patients after HSCT, as well as to evaluate possible risk factors for death due to bacteremia by the same colonizing agent.MethodsA single‐center retrospective cohort study was conducted with 405 hematological patients submitted to a single HSCT procedure between 2015 and 2021. Patients were classified as colonized (n = 132) or noncolonized (n = 273) based on the surveillance cultures from D−30 to D+30 of transplantation, and their relevant clinical and laboratory data were collected until D+100.ResultsColonization by MDR bacteria increased blood culture positivity by all micro‐organisms and also specifically by MDR bacteria, with a more pronounced effect when caused by carbapenemase‐producing Klebsiella pneumoniae. Patients colonized with carbapenem‐resistant K. pneumoniae had increased overall mortality (HR = 4.07, 95% CI 1.85–8.91, P = .0005) and had prolonged hospital length of stay in the context of autologous transplantation. Risk factors for death due to bacteremia by the same colonizing agent were neutropenia, colonization by carbapenem‐resistant K. pneumoniae and use of high‐dose total body irradiation in conditioning.ConclusionHematological patients colonized by MDR bacteria presented a higher incidence of bloodstream infections, and colonization by carbapenemase‐producing K. pneumoniae was associated with reduced overall survival.
image
Electrical Impedance Tomography Signal Conditioning for Lung Imaging Applications
Authors: Zulkiflli Nur Amira , Nandaguru Kaviarasu , Arm Omar Fahmi , Khamis Feisal Mohamed , Wahap Ahmad Ridhwan , Abdullah Fatin Aliah Phang , Tee Kian Sek , Hidayat Nurul , Pusppanathan Jaysuman 
Published: August 2023

Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) imaging is capable for human lung imaging based on its continuous self-monitoring capabilities, and suitability for daily routines. This paper introduces a simulation work for EIT signal conditioning circuit and its simulated waveform response using Multisim software. EIT circuit simulations consist of several signal processing circuits for the receiving part of the EIT, band pass filter circuit, amplifier, and analog-to-digital circuit. The system produced a unit function signal of 5V from an input 250 kHz sine function via band pass filter, operational amplifier and AC/DC conversion. The waveform pattern result is presented for each processing stage aim to demonstrate the basic work of an EIT circuitry setup.
Severe hypercalcaemia in metastatic prostate cancer with biallelic BRCA2 mutations and lytic bone lesions
Authors: Lazzari Laura , Ledet Elisa , Hawkins Madeline , Sartor Oliver 
Published: August 2023

Molecular genetics is increasingly used to define the course and prognosis of prostate cancer. Hypercalcaemia of malignancy is a rare complication of metastatic prostate cancer associated with poor outcomes. However, no associations have yet been made in literature between pathogenic genetic mutations and hypercalcaemia in patients with prostatic malignancy.We report of a patient with bone-metastatic prostate cancer. He received sequential genetic tests for pathogenic mutations. A somatic BRCA2 truncation mutation was identified at diagnosis and suppressed on olaparib. Six months after stopping olaparib, several pathogenic mutations, including biallelic BRCA2 mutations, were identified. The patient developed large lytic bone lesions and a severe symptomatic hypercalcaemia. He was hospitalised and treated aggressively for hypercalcaemia but died shortly thereafter. To our knowledge, this is the first case of hypercalcaemia in metastatic prostate cancer to be contextualised within complex genetic mutations.
Living alone and mental health: parallel analyses in UK longitudinal population surveys and electronic health records prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: McElroy Eoin , Herrett Emily , Patel Kishan , Piehlmaier Dominik M , Gessa Giorgio Di , Huggins Charlotte , Green Michael J , Kwong Alex S F , Thompson Ellen J , Zhu Jingmin , Mansfield Kathryn E , Silverwood Richard J , Mansfield Rosie , Maddock Jane , Mathur Rohini , Costello Ruth E , Matthews Anthony , Tazare John , Henderson Alasdair , Wing Kevin , Bridges Lucy , Bacon Sebastian , Mehrkar Amir ,   OpenSAFELY Collaborative, Shaw Richard John , Wels Jacques , Katikireddi Srinivasa Vittal , Chaturvedi Nish , Tomlinson Laurie A , Patalay Praveetha 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundPeople who live alone experience greater levels of mental illness; however, it is unclear whether the COVID-19 pandemic had a disproportionately negative impact on this demographic.ObjectiveTo describe the mental health gap between those who live alone and with others in the UK prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsSelf-reported psychological distress and life satisfaction in 10 prospective longitudinal population surveys (LPSs) assessed in the nearest pre-pandemic sweep and three periods during the pandemic. Recorded diagnosis of common and severe mental illnesses between March 2018 and January 2022 in electronic healthcare records (EHRs) within the OpenSAFELY-TPP.FindingsIn 37 544 LPS participants, pooled models showed greater psychological distress (standardised mean difference (SMD): 0.09 (95% CI: 0.04; 0.14); relative risk: 1.25 (95% CI: 1.12; 1.39)) and lower life satisfaction (SMD: −0.22 (95% CI: −0.30; −0.15)) for those living alone pre-pandemic. This gap did not change during the pandemic. In the EHR analysis of c.16 million records, mental health conditions were more common in those who lived alone (eg, depression 26 (95% CI: 18 to 33) and severe mental illness 58 (95% CI: 54 to 62) more cases more per 100 000). For common mental health disorders, the gap in recorded cases in EHRs narrowed during the pandemic.ConclusionsPeople living alone have poorer mental health and lower life satisfaction. During the pandemic, this gap in self-reported distress remained; however, there was a narrowing of the gap in service use.Clinical implicationsGreater mental health need and potentially greater barriers to mental healthcare access for those who live alone need to be considered in healthcare planning.
Impulsivity-related right superior frontal gyrus as a biomarker of internet gaming disorder
Authors: Zhang Pengyu , Pan Yu , Zha Rujing , Song Hongwen , Yuan Cunfeng , Zhao Qian , Piao Yi , Ren Jiecheng , Chen Yijun , Liang Peipeng , Tao Ran , Wei Zhengde , Zhang Xiaochu 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundInternet gaming disorder (IGD) is a mental health issue that affects individuals worldwide. However, the lack of knowledge about the biomarkers associated with the development of IGD has restricted the diagnosis and treatment of this disorder.AimsWe aimed to reveal the biomarkers associated with the development of IGD through resting-state brain network analysis and provide clues for the diagnosis and treatment of IGD.MethodsTwenty-six patients with IGD, 23 excessive internet game users (EIUs) who recurrently played internet games but were not diagnosed with IGD and 29 healthy controls (HCs) performed delay discounting task (DDT) and Iowa gambling task (IGT). Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data were also collected.ResultsPatients with IGD exhibited significantly lower hubness in the right medial orbital part of the superior frontal gyrus (ORBsupmed) than both the EIU and the HC groups. Additionally, the hubness of the right ORBsupmed was found to be positively correlated with the highest excessive internet gaming degree during the past year in the EIU group but not the IGD group; this might be the protective mechanism that prevents EIUs from becoming addicted to internet games. Moreover, the hubness of the right ORBsupmed was found to be related to the treatment outcome of patients with IGD, with higher hubness of this region indicating better recovery when undergoing forced abstinence. Further modelling analysis of the DDT and IGT showed that patients with IGD displayed higher impulsivity during the decision-making process, and impulsivity-related parameters were negatively correlated with the hubness of right ORBsupmed.ConclusionsOur findings revealed that the impulsivity-related right ORBsupmed hubness could serve as a potential biomarker of IGD and provide clues for the diagnosis and treatment of IGD.
QED corrections to parton distributions and Altarelli–Parisi splitting functions in the polarized case
Authors: de Florian Daniel , Palma Conte Lucas 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe discuss the effect of QED corrections in the evolution of polarized parton distributions. We solve the corresponding evolution equations exactly to $${\mathcal {O}}(\alpha )$$

O
(
α
)

and $${\mathcal {O}}(a_{\textrm{S}}^2)$$

O
(

a

S

2

)

in Mellin N-space, extending the available techniques for pure QCD evolution. To accomplish this, we introduce, for the first time, the Altarelli–Parisi polarized kernels at LO in QED. Furthermore, we perform a phenomenological analysis of the QED effects on polarized parton distributions (pPDFs), proposing different scenarios for the polarized photon density. Finally, we quantify the impact of the corresponding QED contributions to the polarized structure function $$g_1$$

g
1

. We show that the relative corrections to both the pPDFs and the $$g_1$$

g
1

structure function are approximately at the few percent level, which is the order of magnitude expected considering the value of $$\alpha $$
α
.