bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self-Collection Cervical Screening in the Asia-Pacific Region: A Scoping Review of Implementation Evidence
Authors: Creagh Nicola Stephanie , Boyd Lucy Ann Patricia , Bavor Claire , Zammit Claire , Saunders Tessa , Oommen Anu Mary , Rankin Nicole Marion , Brotherton Julia Mary Louise , Nightingale Claire Elizabeth 
Published: February 2023

PURPOSE Although cervical cancer is a disease of inequity, it can be eliminated as a public health problem through vaccination, screening, and treatment. Human papillomavirus vaginal self-collection cervical screening is a high-performance test that can increase reach of screening. This review describes the different contexts and models of care used to pilot or implement self-collection within the Asia-Pacific, measures the extent that implementation outcome measures are reported and, where available, summarizes key implementation findings. METHODS A scoping review was conducted by searching five databases of the peer-reviewed literature on June 20, 2022. Two researchers assessed eligibility and extracted data independently to the model of care used and the Conceptual Framework for Implementation Outcomes. A mixed-method consolidation of findings (quantitative: count and frequencies; qualitative: content analysis) was undertaken to narratively report findings. RESULTS Fifty-seven articles, comprising 50 unique studies from 11 countries and two special autonomous regions, were included; 82% were conducted in trials. The implementation of self-collection was conducted in low- (2%), lower-middle– (32%), upper-middle– (32%), and high-income (35%) settings, with 10 different delivery models used; 80% delivered through practitioner-supported models with diversity in how samples were processed, and treatment was offered. Acceptability (73%) and appropriateness (64%) measures were most reported, followed by adoption (57%), feasibility (48%), and fidelity (38%). Only 7% of articles reported implementation cost or penetration measures. No articles reported sustainability measures. CONCLUSION The literature confirms that self-collection cervical screening has been implemented within the Asia-Pacific region, with evidence demonstrating that it is acceptable and appropriate from the user's perspective. Well-designed, high-quality implementation trials and real-world evaluations of self-collection that report the breadth of implementation outcomes can support the progression toward the elimination of cervical cancer.
Clinical Evolution of Sporadic Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma With Biochemical Incomplete Response After Initial Treatment
Authors: Prete Alessandro , Gambale Carla , Torregrossa Liborio , Ciampi Raffaele , Romei Cristina , Ramone Teresa , Agate Laura , Bottici Valeria , Cappagli Virginia , Molinaro Eleonora , Materazzi Gabriele , Elisei Rossella , Matrone Antonio 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Context
The clinical response after surgery is a determinant in the management of patients with medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC). In case of excellent or structural incomplete response, the follow-up strategies are well designed. Conversely, in case of biochemical incomplete response (BiR) the management is not clearly defined.

Objective
This work aimed to evaluate the overall and per-site prevalence of structural disease detection in sporadic MTC patients with BiR and to assess the predictive value of various clinical, biochemical, and genetic features.

Methods
We evaluated data of 599 consecutive patients surgically treated for sporadic MTC (2000-2018) and followed-up at the endocrine unit of the University Hospital of Pisa.

Results
After a median of 5 months from surgery, 145 of 599 (24.2%) patients were classified as BiR. Structural disease was detected in 64 of 145 (44.1%), after a median time of 3.3 years. In 73.6%, structural disease was detected at a single site, prevalently cervical lymph nodes. Among several others, at the time of first evaluation after surgery, only basal calcitonin (bCTN) and stage IVa/b were independent predictive factors. Also, structural disease was more frequent in patients with shorter CTN doubling time and somatic RET mutation.

Conclusion
In sporadic MTC patients with BiR, the risk of detection of structural disease was about 50% at 10 years. Higher bCTN levels and staging predicted the risk of detecting structural disease. According to these findings, stricter follow-up should be reserved for MTC with BiR and elevated values of bCTN and to those with an advanced stage. Long follow-up should be considered for all BiR patients since 50% of them develop structural disease within 10 years.
Use of Novel Automated Active Irrigation With Drainage Versus Passive Drainage Alone for Chronic Subdural Hematoma—A Propensity Score-Matched Comparative Study With Volumetric Analysis
Authors: Baig Ammad A. , Hess Ryan M. , Khan Asham , Cappuzzo Justin M. , Turner Ryan C. , Hashmi Eisa , Bregy Amade , Kuo Cathleen C. , Nyabuto Elizabeth , Goyal Aditya D. , Davies Jason M. , Levy Elad I. , Siddiqui Adnan H. 
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND:
Passive drainage post-surgical evacuation of symptomatic chronic subdural hematoma (cSDH) is currently standard of care. High rates of infection, drain occlusion, and recurrence are associated complications.

OBJECTIVE:
To explore the use of a novel double-lumen active automated irrigation and aspiration system, IRRAflow (IRRAS), for patients with cSDH and compared procedural and clinical outcomes against passive drainage alone with propensity score matching (PSM) and volumetric analysis.

METHODS:
A prospectively maintained database was retrospectively searched for consecutive patients presenting with cSDH. One-to-one PSM of covariates (including baseline comorbidities and presentation hematoma volume) in active and passive irrigation groups was performed to adjust for treatment selection bias. Rates of hematoma clearance, catheter-related occlusion, and infection; number of revisions; and length of hospital stay were recorded.

RESULTS:
This study included 55 patients: active continuous irrigation-drainage-21 (21 post-PSM) and passive drainage-34 (21 post-PSM). For PSM groups, a significantly higher rate of hematoma clearance was obtained in the active irrigation-drainage group (0.5 ± 0.4 vs 0.4 ± 0.5 mL/day) and in the passive drainage group; odds ratio (OR) = 1.291 (CI: 1.062-1.570, P = .002) and a significantly lower rate of catheter-related infections (OR = 0.051; CI: 0.004-0.697, P = .039). A nonsignificantly lower hematoma expansion rate at discharge was noted in the active irrigation-drainage group (4.8% vs 23.8%; OR = 0.127; P = .186). No statistical difference in all-cause in-hospital mortality or discharge Glasgow Coma Scale score was observed between groups.

CONCLUSION:
Active and automated continuous irrigation plus drainage after cSDH surgical evacuation resulted in faster hematoma clearance and led to favorable clinical outcomes and low complication and revision rates compared with passive irrigation.
Kidney and liver histology in tumour-induced rats exposed to non-contact electric fields
Authors: Alamsyah Firman , Firdausi Nisrina , Nugraheni Subekti Evi Dwi , Fadhlurrahman Ahmad Ghitha , Nurhidayat Luthfi , Pratiwi Rarastoeti , Taruno Warsito Purwo 
Published: February 2023

Background: There were an estimated 2.1 million breast cancer diagnoses in 2018 worldwide, which is about 11.6% of the total cancer incidence. A novel modality of cancer treatment based on exposure to non-contact electric fields has been developed to reduce cancer incidence. However, the safety of the electric field exposure was not fully investigated. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to observe the safety of the electric field exposure on renal and liver structure. Methods: Female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into one control group and three treatment groups. Animals were treated with 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene for mammary tumour induction and exposed to non-contact electric fields individually for 10 hours a day for three weeks. Fresh samples of the kidney and liver were collected for observing structural damage in both organs. The two organs were prepared for histopathological cross-sectioning using the paraffin method and Hematoxylin & Eosin staining followed by histological scoring using the post-examination masking method. Results: The damages found in the kidney were the following: thickening of Bowman capsule, karyolysis, karyorrexhis, pyknosis, cloudy swelling, epithelial sloughing, inflammation, haemorrhage, and congestion. The number of inflammation and haemorrhage in the kidney structure of the placebo group was the lowest and significantly different from the three other groups. All damages in the kidney were also found in the liver, but each showed different levels of damage. The damages in the kidney and liver caused by the exposure were not significant. Conclusions: The non-contact electric fields were not harmful to renal and liver structure in tumour-induced rats. Instead, it may increase the renal function in normal rats.
Morphometric study of the lumbar vertebrae in dried anatomical collections
Authors: Ashish Sharad , Kalluraya P. , Pai Mangala , Murlimanju B.V. , Rao Y. , Prabhu Latha , Agrawal Amit 
Published: February 2023

Background: The objective of this anatomical study was to perform the morphometry of dried lumbar vertebrae in human cadavers. Methods: This study utilized 200 adult human cadaveric dried lumbar vertebrae. The digital Vernier calipers was used to perform the measurements. The height, antero-posterior length, transverse length of the body of the vertebrae, interpedicular distance at the lateral ends, lamina length, height and thickness, superior and inferior articular facet height and width, mid sagittal and transverse diameter of vertebral foramen, height, width and thickness of the pars inter-articularis were measured. Results: The vertebral body’s anteroposterior length was more at the lower border than at the superior border (p < 0.01). The length of lamina was higher over the right in comparison to the left (p < 0.001). The height of lamina, width of inferior articular facet, diameter of lateral recess and thickness of pars inter-articularis were greater for the left sided specimens (p < 0.01). The statistical significance was not observed for the comparison of the remaining parameters (p > 0.05). Conclusion: This anatomical study offered several dimensions of lumbar vertebrae, which are essential in the surgical practice. The implants at the lumbar vertebrae need to be manufactured based on the anatomical dimensions of that particular sample population.
Cardiovascular outcomes in children with COVID-19 LMICs: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol
Authors: Amin Mohammad Ashraful , Afrin Sadia , Bonna Atia Sharmin , Rozars Md Faisal Kabir , Hawlader Mohammad Delwer Hossain 
Published: February 2023

Background: We do not fully comprehend the medical problems that COVID-19 causes in children. Most children infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus exhibit no symptoms or only minor COVID-19 signs, while a few children develop severe sickness. The main aim of the study is to describe the protocol of a systematic review that will evaluate the available scientific information on the role of the cardiovascular system in the outcomes of children with COVID-19 in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Methods: Protocols for Preferred Reporting Items in Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses provide the basis for this study. PubMed, Scopus, SciELO, ScienceDirect, COCHRANE, and EMBASE are the databases to be searched from January 2020. Studies will be analyzed in order to obtain the following information: authors, year of publication, location of the research, type of study, sample size and age, clinical manifestations, treatment plan, follow-up duration, important variables, and key findings. Following the preliminary examination conducted by two unbiased review authors, the selected papers will be subjected to the appropriate evaluation in order to be sorted according to the inclusion criteria. Two impartial review authors will also evaluate risk bias using the appropriate techniques. Additionally, evaluation, publication bias analysis, and study heterogeneity evaluation will be carried out. Results: We anticipate our research will lead to articles that reinforce clinical judgments for the best management of cardiovascular involvement and repercussions in the outcomes of children with COVID-19. Conclusions: The systematic review will discuss the findings to shed light on the cardiovascular involvement and consequences in children with COVID-19, allowing medical professionals to treat COVID-19 in children with cardiovascular issues better.
Circumstances for treatment and control of invasive Enterobacterales infections in eight hospitals across sub-Saharan Africa: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Aiken Alexander M. , Nyamwaya Brian , Madrid Lola , Edessa Dumessa , Labi Appiah-Korang , Obeng-Nkrumah Noah , Mwabaya William , Chimenya Mabvuto , Cocker Derek , Iregbu Kenneth C. , Princewill-Nwajiobi Philip I. P. , Dramowski Angela , Sonda Tolbert , Mmbaga Blandina Theophil , Ojok David , Fwoloshi Sombo , Scott J Anthony G , Whitelaw Andrew ,   MBIRA study collaborators
Published: February 2023

Background: Bloodstream infections caused by Enterobacterales show high frequency of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in many Low- and Middle-Income Countries. We aimed to describe the variation in circumstances for management of such resistant infections in a group of African public-sector hospitals participating in a major research study. Methods: We gathered data from eight hospitals across sub-Saharan Africa to describe hospital services, infection prevention and antibiotic stewardship activities, using two WHO-generated tools. We collected monthly cross-sectional data on availability of antibiotics in the hospital pharmacies for bloodstream infections caused by Enterobacterales. We compared the availability of these antibiotics to actual patient-level use of antibiotics in confirmed Enterobacterales bloodstream infections (BSI). Results: Hospital circumstances for institutional management of resistant BSI varied markedly. This included self-evaluated infection prevention level (WHO-IPCAF score: median 428, range 155 to 687.5) and antibiotic stewardship activities (WHO stewardship toolkit questions: median 14.5, range 2 to 23). These results did not correlate with national income levels. Across all sites, ceftriaxone and ciprofloxacin were the most consistently available antibiotic agents, followed by amoxicillin, co-amoxiclav, gentamicin and co-trimoxazole. There was substantial variation in the availability of some antibiotics, especially carbapenems, amikacin and piperacillin-tazobactam with degree of access linked to national income level. Investigators described out-of-pocket payments for access to additional antibiotics at 7/8 sites. The in-pharmacy availability of antibiotics correlated well with actual use of antibiotics for treating BSI patients. Conclusions: There was wide variation between these African hospitals for a range of important circumstances relating to treatment and control of severe bacterial infections, though these did not all correspond to national income level. For most antibiotics, patient-level use reflected in-hospital drug availability, suggesting external antibiotics supply was infrequent. Antimicrobial resistant bacterial infections could plausibly show different clinical impacts across sub-Saharan Africa due to this contextual variation.
Gustaw Herling-Grudziński – Michaił Heller. Korespondencja w latach 1972–1994
Authors: Piekara Jędrzej 
Published: February 2023

Opracowany zbiór listów Gustawa Herlinga-Grudzińskiego i Michaiła Hellera jest zaledwie drobnym świadectwem relacji, jaka połączyła tych dwóch wybitnych intelektualistów – polskiego i rosyjskiego emigranta. Obaj byli niezwykle silnie doświadczeni przez represyjny system sowiecki, jednak u obu z nich znajdujemy silną fascynację kulturą, umysłowością – może wręcz „cywilizacją” – rosyjską. Nie może zatem dziwić, że znajdowali oni wspólne tematy do rozmów i sporów, mieli tych samych znajomych, czytali te same książki. W pewnym sensie każdy z nich odnalazł w drugiej osobie swego rodzaju „bratnią duszę”, partnera intelektualnego a w końcu również przyjaciela.
Korespondencja pełniła w ich relacji raczej rolę uzupełniającą, dodatkową, była tylko jednym z wielu dostępnych sposobów kontaktowania się. Obaj często spotykali się w Paryżu i we Włoszech, słynne stały się „rosyjskie obiady” u Michaiła i Eugenii Hellerów, które Herling bardzo ciepło wspominał. Autor Innego świata, jako współtwórca i jedna z najważniejszych osób w gronie redakcyjnym „Kultury”, miał również stały kontakt z Hellerem-publicystą, drukującym w periodyku Instytutu Literackiego comiesięczne przeglądy prasy sowieckiej. Polski emigrant pisał również dwukrotnie przedmowy do książek Rosjanina. Ważnym elementem w korespondencji – a zapewne również w ich życiu – było wzajemne pośredniczenie w kontaktach z osobami trzecimi: poprzez przekazywanie namiarów, listów, artykułów czy wycinków prasowych.
Mimo że „wybrakowana”, zawierająca oczywiste „dziury” (czy to spowodowane zaginięciem listów, czy też po prostu urwaniem ich wymiany) korespondencja pokazuje jednak, w jaki sposób ewoluowała znajomość Michaiła Hellera i Gustawa Herlinga-Grudzińskiego. Stanowi ważne źródła dla odtworzenia fragmentów biografii ich obu i – w szerszym kontekście – mówi nam nieco o stosunkach wewnątrz środowiska „Kultury”, również o kontaktach tego środowiska z emigracją rosyjską.
Tablicowe epitafium Stanisława Chroberskiego w katedrze sandomierskiej oraz Stanisław Tarło – jego fundator związany z Krosnem
Authors: Łopatkiewicz Piotr 
Published: February 2023

Epitafium Stanisława Chroberskiego w katedrze sandomierskiej, powstałe około 1520 roku w malarskim środowisku Krakowa, należy do najcenniejszych zabytków malarstwa tablicowego z przełomu średniowiecza i czasów nowożytnych. Od lat było przedmiotem licznych publikacji i wzmianek w literaturze naukowej. Ostatnia konserwacja tego dzieła, przeprowadzona w roku 2015, stała się okazją do przeprowadzenia szczegółowych badań oraz przygotowania nowoczesnej monografii tego zabytku. Nie bez znaczenia dla miejsca publikacji tego artykułu pozostaje fundator epitafium – ówczesny sekretarz królewski Stanisław Tarło, który jako biskup przemyski ostatnie lata spędził w Krośnie, tu umarł w roku 1544 i został pochowany w miejscowym kościele parafialnym.
Żaden z dotychczasowych autorów zajmujących się epitafium Chroberskiego nie zadał sobie trudu by ustalić, czy obecny kształt dzieła istotnie uznać należy za pierwotny. Nikt nie podjął również próby zrekonstruowania okoliczności, w których dzieło to zostało zamówione, ani nie zadał pytania, czy kamienna płyta z tekstem inskrypcji epitafijnej, wmurowana w filar nawy, istotnie może być rozpatrywana w kontekście jednoczasowej fundacji wraz z obrazem tablicowym.
Badania autora artykułu dowodzą, że elementy składające się na obecny kształt artystyczny zabytku nie stanowiły pierwotnie jednej całości. Obraz w zwieńczeniu i w predelli to zdekompletowane części nastawy ołtarzowej, najpewniej o charakterze tryptyku, powstałe w pracowni anonimowego malarza małopolskiego zwanego Mistrzem Poliptyku w Szyku. W bliżej nieokreślonym czasie, być może dopiero w 2. poł. XIX wieku, zostały one wtórnie połączone z obrazem tablicowym, wybitnym dziełem malarstwa krakowskiego z początku lat 20. XVI wieku, stanowiącym pierwotnie centralną częścią epitafium Stanisława Chroberskiego. W ten sposób powstał rodzaj imitacji jednoosiowego retabulum ołtarzowego zawieszonego na jednym z kamiennych filarów nawy katedry sandomierskiej. W takim kształcie struktura ta przetrwała do czasów nam współczesnych i przez wszystkich dotychczasowych badaczy – choć zupełnie niesłusznie – była traktowana jako zespół artystycznie jednorodny.
Students stand at the door: exploring views on professionalism in midwifery spaces
Authors: Lewitt Moira , McEwan Thomas 
Published: February 2023

Background/Aims Midwifery students learn and adopt complex professional behaviours in a variety of academic and clinical settings throughout their educational journey. The aims of this study were to explore how midwifery students understand the concept of professionalism and how their professional identity develops during midwifery education. Methods A conversation about professionalism with a group of final year midwifery students was transcribed ‘in the moment’ and immediately performed to the group as poetry. Themes emerging from analysis of the conversation are also presented as poetry. Results Midwifery students, moving between university and practice, emphasised the importance of close connections between these spaces and the role models in them, for learning. External constraints generated a sense of fear and stress that was seen to limit midwives' ability to properly support the needs of ‘their woman’. Conclusions The notion of ‘spaces’ is important in maternity care and developing education for future midwives. Poetry is a useful multidimensional tool in research.
Sustainability of Entonox in obstetrics: a qualitative study
Authors: Kelly Catherine , Raju Pavan , Smith Tim , Fioratou Evridiki 
Published: February 2023

Background/AimsNitrous oxide is a potent greenhouse gas widely used in childbirth in the form of Entonox. In this study, its use was investigated because of its negative climate effect. The study aimed to identify and investigate midwives' use of Entonox in the labour ward of a tertiary Scottish hospital.MethodsThis qualitative service evaluation was conducted using semi-structured interviews with 10 midwives and an environmental sustainability manager. Thematic analysis using combined deductive and inductive approaches were used to analyse the data.ResultsDeductive analysis revealed all six work systems factors from the system engineering initiative for patient safety framework to be pertinent to Entonox use in the labour ward, with specific influences and perceived outcomes of Entonox use found through inductive analysis.ConclusionsA reduction in Entonox use would be difficult, but changes have been recommended to raise awareness among healthcare staff of Entonox risks and create a more environmentally sustainable work system.