bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Progress in modeling the Tohoku-oki megathrust earthquake cycle and associated crustal deformation processes
Authors: Shibazaki Bunichiro 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis paper summarizes the results of 10 years of research on models of the megathrust earthquake cycles and crustal deformation associated with the 2011 Tohoku-oki earthquake. Several earthquake cycle models have been proposed for the northeast Japan subduction zone to elucidate why megathrust earthquakes occur at intervals of approximately 600 years and why large slips occurred in the shallow subduction zone. A model that considers a strong asperity in the shallow plate interface, and a hierarchical asperity model that considers the scale dependence of the critical displacement of the rate- and state-dependent friction law have been proposed. Modeling with dynamic weakening of faults has also been proposed. In the model using the shallow friction characteristics obtained by the Japan Trench Fast Drilling Project, rupture from depth can propagate to the trench, resulting in shallow large slips. Submarine crustal deformation has been observed for the first time in addition to dense observations of the inland crustal deformation. The observation of the seafloor deformation near the trench showed that viscoelastic relaxation played an important role in short-term postseismic deformation near the trench. The effects of the low-viscosity region at the oceanic lithosphere and asthenosphere boundary, and the cold forearc mantle wedge (cold nose) have been discussed. Simulations using the nonlinear flow law of rock in the mantle, where a power–law relationship holds between stress and strain rate, and the fault friction law at the plate boundary, show that the Tohoku-oki earthquake caused large stress fluctuations, resulting in a sudden viscosity decrease and rapid flow in the asthenosphere below the oceanic lithosphere. The simulations of the crustal deformation associated with the Tohoku-oki earthquake cycle also indicate that in the later stage of the earthquake cycle, the Pacific coastal region begins to subside due to the increasing slip deficit rate on the deeper parts of the plate interface. These results explain the subsidence of the Pacific coast of northeast Japan observed for about 100 years prior to the Tohoku-oki earthquake. In the future, a model that explains the long-term crust and mantle deformation during the entire Tohoku-oki earthquake cycle must be constructed.
Quantitative analysis of 99mTc-pertechnetate thyroid uptake with a large-field CZT gamma camera: feasibility and comparison between SPECT/CT and planar acquisitions
Authors: Serrano Benjamin , Amblard Régis , Beaumont Tiffany , Hugonnet Florent , Dietz Matthieu , Berthier Frédéric , Garnier Nicolas , Villeneuve Rémy , Nataf Valérie , Mocquot François , Montemagno Christopher , Faraggi Marc , Paulmier Benoît 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The main objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of a large field Cadmium Zinc Telluride (CZT) camera to estimate thyroid uptake (TU) on single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) images with and without attenuation correction (Tomo-AC and Tomo-NoAC) compared with Planar acquisition in a series of 23 consecutive patients. The secondary objective was to determine radiation doses for the tracer administration and for the additional Computed Tomography (CT) scan.

Methods
Cross-calibration factors were determined using a thyroid phantom, for Planar, Tomo-AC and Tomo-NoAC images. Then Planar and SPECT/CT acquisitions centered on the thyroid were performed on 5 anthropomorphic phantoms with activity ranging from 0.4 to 10 MBq, and 23 patients after administration of 79.2 ± 3.7 MBq of [99mTc]-pertechnetate. We estimated the absolute thyroid activity (AThA) for the anthropomorphic phantoms and the TU for the patients. Radiation dose was also determined using International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) reports and VirtualDoseTMCT software.

Results
Cross-calibration factors were 66.2 ± 4.9, 60.7 ± 0.7 and 26.5 ± 0.3 counts/(MBq s), respectively, for Planar, Tomo-AC and Tomo-NoAC images. Theoretical and estimated AThA for Planar, Tomo-AC and Tomo-NoAC images were statistically highly correlated (r < 0.99; P < 10–4) and the average of the relative percentage difference between theoretical and estimated AThA were (8.6 ± 17.8), (− 1.3 ± 5.2) and (12.8 ± 5.7) %, respectively. Comparisons between TU based on different pairs of images (Planar vs Tomo-AC, Planar vs Tomo-NoAC and Tomo-AC vs Tomo-NoAC) showed statistically significant correlation (r = 0.972, 0.961 and 0.935, respectively; P < 10–3). Effective and thyroid absorbed doses were, respectively (0.34CT + 0.95NM) mSv, and (3.88CT + 1.74NM) mGy.

Conclusion
AThA estimation using Planar and SPECT/CT acquisitions on a new generation of CZT large-field cameras is feasible. In addition, TU on SPECT/CT was as accurate as conventional planar acquisition, but the CT induced additional thyroid exposure.
Trial registration Name of the registry: Thyroid Uptake Quantification on a New Generation of Gamma Camera (QUANTHYC). Trial number: NCT05049551. Registered September 20, 2021—Retrospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/record/NCT05049551?cntry=MC&draw=2&rank=4.
Machine learning for cognitive behavioral analysis: datasets, methods, paradigms, and research directions
Authors: Bhatt Priya , Sethi Amanrose , Tasgaonkar Vaibhav , Shroff Jugal , Pendharkar Isha , Desai Aditya , Sinha Pratyush , Deshpande Aditya , Joshi Gargi , Rahate Anil , Jain Priyanka , Walambe Rahee , Kotecha Ketan , Jain N. K. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractHuman behaviour reflects cognitive abilities. Human cognition is fundamentally linked to the different experiences or characteristics of consciousness/emotions, such as joy, grief, anger, etc., which assists in effective communication with others. Detection and differentiation between thoughts, feelings, and behaviours are paramount in learning to control our emotions and respond more effectively in stressful circumstances. The ability to perceive, analyse, process, interpret, remember, and retrieve information while making judgments to respond correctly is referred to as Cognitive Behavior. After making a significant mark in emotion analysis, deception detection is one of the key areas to connect human behaviour, mainly in the forensic domain. Detection of lies, deception, malicious intent, abnormal behaviour, emotions, stress, etc., have significant roles in advanced stages of behavioral science. Artificial Intelligence and Machine learning (AI/ML) has helped a great deal in pattern recognition, data extraction and analysis, and interpretations. The goal of using AI and ML in behavioral sciences is to infer human behaviour, mainly for mental health or forensic investigations. The presented work provides an extensive review of the research on cognitive behaviour analysis. A parametric study is presented based on different physical characteristics, emotional behaviours, data collection sensing mechanisms, unimodal and multimodal datasets, modelling AI/ML methods, challenges, and future research directions.
Elevated HMGB1 promotes the malignant progression and contributes to cisplatin resistance of non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Ma Ying , Feng Qin , Han Bateer , Yu Rong , Jin Zhiyong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundHMGB1 (high mobility group box B-1) exhibits crucial role in tumor genesis and development, including lung cancer. Whereas, more HMGB1-related details in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are still largely unclear.MethodsThe HMGB1 and inflammatory factors in malignant (MPE) and non-malignant pleural effusion (BPE) were determined by ELISA. Additionally, qRT-PCR, western blot, or immunohistochemistry were used to determine HMGB1, drug-resistant and apoptotic proteins’ expressions in NSCLC A549, A549-DDP cell lines, and xenograft model. Cell viability, migration/ invasion, and apoptosis were analyzed using MTT, Transwell, and flow cytometry assays, respectively.ResultsInflammatory factors and HMGB1 expressions in MPE were significantly higher than BPE of NSCLC. Compared with preoperative and adjacent tissues, significantly higher HMGB1, drug-resistant protein, and anti-apoptotic protein expressions were observed in recurrent tissues. Overexpressed HMGB1 induced NSCLC cells to exhibit stronger aggressive, proliferative, and drug-resistant features. The related abilities were reversed when HMGB1 was interfered. Overexpressed HMGB1 showed a similar co-localization with drug resistant protein P-gp in cytoplasm in xenograft model, while low HMGB1 expression localized in cell nucleus.ConclusionsHMGB1 overexpression significantly promoted the malignant progression and cisplatin resistance of NSCLC in vitro and in vivo.
Robust antibody response after the third mRNA coronavirus vaccination in Japanese hemodialysis patients
Authors: Miyazaki Ryoichi , Miyagi Kyoko , Yoshida Misaki , Suzuki Yasunori , Hibino Shinya 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Hemodialysis patients have chronic kidney disease, are often elderly, and have many complications such as hypertension, type 2 diabetes, cardiac disease, and cerebrovascular disease. Therefore, hemodialysis patients infected with COVID-19 are prone to severe disease. Vaccination is the most promising means of preventing the onset and reducing the severity of COVID-19. However, many reports have found that anti-spike antibody titers after two doses of mRNA vaccine are lower in hemodialysis patients than in healthy controls. For this reason, a third vaccination is recommended for hemodialysis patients. In Japan, there are several reports of a third vaccination, especially for hemodialysis patients. In this study, we also examined the antibody response to COVID-19 vaccine in Japanese hemodialysis patients who received the third dose of the vaccine.

Methods
Study participants received a third vaccination (257 with BNT162b2 vaccine and 5 with mRNA-1273 vaccine) approximately 7–9 months after the second (BNT162b2 vaccine). Anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike IgG antibody titers were measured (Abbott SARS-CoV-2 IgG II Quan) in 185 hemodialysis patients and 109 healthcare workers approximately 2 weeks after the second vaccination and in 162 hemodialysis patients and 100 healthcare workers approximately 2 weeks after the third.

Results
Following the second vaccination, 97.6% of the hemodialysis group and 100% of the control group were positive for the anti-spike antibody. The median level of the anti-spike antibody was 2728.7 AU/mL (IQR, 1024.2–7688.2 AU/mL) in the hemodialysis group and 10,500 AU/ml (IQR, 9346.1–2,4500 AU/mL) in the controls. Following the third vaccination, 99.4% of the hemodialysis group (only one person tested negative for the antibody) and 100% of the control group were positive for the anti-spike antibody. The median level of the anti-spike antibody was 20,000 AU/mL (IQR, 7729–37,000 AU/mL) in the hemodialysis group and 21,500 AU/ml (IQR, 14,000–32,250 AU/mL) in the control group. The factors involved in the low response to the BNT152b2 vaccine after the second vaccination included old age, low BMI, low Cr index, low nPCR, low GNRI, low lymphocyte count, steroid administration, and complications related to blood disorders. However, in hemodialysis patients, the response after the third vaccination was excellent, and all factors associated with the suppressed response to these vaccines were no longer significant.

Conclusions
The humoral response of hemodialysis patients to two doses of mRNA vaccine was weaker than that of healthy controls. However, a third vaccination eliminated that difference.
Tim Ingold and Object-Oriented Anthropology
Authors: Pinho Thiago 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTim Ingold, while extending the radical undertaking of vitalism, with its Nietzschean matrix, puts the decentering undertaken by this philosophical tradition on a more solid foundation, opening up a new space of interobjective relations. Instead of an epistemic plunge into human categories, the goal is to move towards a broader ontological space, including other sites of meaning, such as chairs, spirits, animals, baskets, and many others. Unlike more classical anthropology, with its well-delimited Anthropos as an inevitable transcendental horizon, Ingold suggests a world where humans are not protagonists, but rather provisional negotiators within a large mesh of subjectless experiences. The model proposed in this essay distances itself from the plane of (neo)-Kantian speculation, converting its contours into something less orthodox by making room for a possible Object-Oriented Anthropology (O.O.A).
A bZIP transcription factor GhVIP1 increased drought tolerance in upland cotton
Authors: Zhao Pei , Xu Yuewei , Chen Wei , Sang Xiaohui , Zhao Yunlei , Wang Hongmei 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Cotton is extremely affected by severe natural stresses. Drought is one of the most serious abiotic stress that adversely influences cotton growth, productivity, and fiber quality. Previous studies indicate that basic leucine-zipper (bZIP) transcription factors are involved in the response of plants to various stresses. However, the molecular function and regulatory mechanism of GhVIP1 in response to drought stress are still unknown.

Results
In this research, GhVIP1 was cloned from a drought-tolerant variety. Expression of GhVIP1 was up-regulated in response to multiple abiotic stresses, especially under drought stress. And GhVIP1 was highly expressed in the root, stem, and 10 days post-anthesis ovule. Inhibiting the expression of GhVIP1 in cotton using the virus-induced gene silencing method resulted in higher electrical conductivity in leaves, but lower water content under drought stress compared with the WT plant. Overexpression of GhVIP1 in Arabidopsis enhanced plant drought tolerance through increasing the seed germination rate and improving the development of root. The exogenous expression of GhVIP1 up-regulated the transcription of genes associated with drought response and proline biosynthesis during drought stress in Arabidopsis.

Conclusion
In summary, these results indicated that GhVIP1 played a positive role in plants' response to drought stress. The use of GhVIP1 via modern biotechnology might facilitate the improvement of drought tolerance in cotton cultivars.
System-level feedbacks of active fire regimes in large landscapes
Authors: Povak Nicholas A. , Hessburg Paul F. , Salter R. Brion , Gray Robert W. , Prichard Susan J. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundClimate is a main driver of fire regimes, but recurrent fires provide stabilizing feedbacks at several spatial scales that can limit fire spread and severity—potentially contributing to a form of self-regulation. Evaluating the strength of these feedbacks in wildland systems is difficult given the spatial and temporal scales of observation required. Here, we used the REBURN model to directly examine the relative strengths of top-down and bottom-up drivers of fire over a 3000-year simulation period, within a 275,000-ha conifer-dominated landscape in north central Washington State, USA.ResultsWe found strong support for top-down and bottom-up spatial and temporal controls on fire patterns. Fire weather was a main driver of large fire occurrence, but area burned was moderated by ignition frequencies and by areas of limited fuels and fuel contagion (i.e., fire fences). Landscapes comprised of >40% area in fire fences rarely experienced large fire years. When large fires did occur during the simulation period, a recovery time of 100–300 years or more was generally required to recover pre-fire vegetation patterns.ConclusionsSimulations showed that interactions between fire weather, fuel contagion, topography, and ignitions manifest variability in fire size and severity patch size distributions. Burned and recovering vegetation mosaics provided functional stabilizing feedbacks, a kind ofmetastability, which limited future fire size and severity, even under extreme weather conditions. REBURN can be applied to new geographic and physiographic landscapes to simulate these interactions and to represent natural and culturally influenced fire regimes in historical, current, or future climatic settings.
regeneration factors expressed on myeloid expression in macrophage-like cells is required for tail regeneration in Xenopus laevis tadpoles
Authors: Deguchi Momoko , Fukazawa Taro , Kubo Takeo 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
Xenopus laevis tadpoles can regenerate whole tails after amputation. We have previously reported that interleukin 11 (il11) is required for tail regeneration. In this study, we have screened for genes that support tail regeneration under Il11 signaling in a certain cell type and have identified the previously uncharacterized genes Xetrov90002578m.L and Xetrov90002579m.S [referred to hereafter as regeneration factors expressed on myeloid.L (rfem.L) and rfem.S]. Knockdown (KD) of rfem.L and rfem.S causes defects of tail regeneration, indicating that rfem.L and/or rfem.S are required for tail regeneration. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) revealed that rfem.L and rfem.S are expressed in a subset of leukocytes with a macrophage-like gene expression profile. KD of colony-stimulating factor 1 (csf1), which is essential for macrophage differentiation and survival, reduced rfem.L and rfem.S expression levels and the number of rfem.L- and rfem.S-expressing cells in the regeneration bud. Furthermore, forced expression of rfem.L under control of the mpeg1 promoter, which drives rfem.L in macrophage-like cells, rescues rfem.L and rfem.S KD-induced tail regeneration defects. Our findings suggest that rfem.L or rfem.S expression in macrophage-like cells is required for tail regeneration.
Fractional spinal anesthesia and systemic hemodynamics in frail elderly hip fracture patients
Authors: Olsen Fredrik , Hård af Segerstad Mathias , Dalla Keti , Ricksten Sven-Erik , Nellgård Bengt 
Published: July 2023

Background: Systemic haemodynamic effects of intrathecal anaesthesia in an aging and frail population has not been well investigated. We examined the systemic haemodynamics of fractional spinal anaesthesia following intermittent microdosing of a local anaesthetic and an opioid. Methods: We included 15 patients aged over 65 with significant comorbidities, planned for hip fracture repair. Patients received a spinal catheter and cardiac output monitoring using the LiDCOplus system. All measurements were performed prior to start of surgery. Invasive mean arterial pressure (MAP), cardiac index (CI), systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI), heart rate and stroke volume index (SVI) were registered. Two doses of bupivacaine 2.25 mg and fentanyl 15 µg were administered with 25-minute intervals. Hypotension was defined as a fall in MAP by >30% or a MAP <65 mmHg. Results: The incidence of hypotension was 30%. Hypotensive patients (n=5) were treated with low doses of norepinephrine (0.01-0.12 µg/kg/min). MAP showed a maximum reduction of 17% at 10 minutes following the first dose. CI, systemic vascular resistance index and stroke volume index decreased by 10%, 6%, and 7%, respectively, while heart rate was unchanged over time. After the second dose, none of the systemic haemodynamic variables were affected. Conclusions: Fractional spinal anaesthesia administered prior to surgery induced a minor to moderate fall in MAP, mainly caused by a reduction in cardiac output, induced by systemic venodilation, causing a fall in venous return. Our results are contrary to the widely held belief that hypotension is mainly the result of a reduction of systemic vascular resistance.
Expanding Service Capabilities Through an On-Demand Workforce
Authors: Sun Xu , Liu Weiliang 
Published: July 2023

Call Center Staffing: On-Demand Is in Demand Traditional call centers face challenges in quickly adapting their service capacity to meet fluctuations in demand, even with short staffing periods. In their research article “Expanding Service Capabilities Through an On-Demand Workforce,” Sun and Liu propose a solution for call centers to improve service levels and reduce operating expenses. They develop a two-stage decision model that determines the optimal combination of permanent and on-demand staff, along with an optimal on-demand staffing and call scheduling policy that minimizes costs. By utilizing diffusion approximation, they derive approximate solutions for the second-stage problem. The optimal staffing rule employs switching boundaries to determine when to bring in or dismiss on-demand agents, while the scheduling rule employs a nested threshold rule that prioritizes customer urgency. Interestingly, the call scheduling rule exhibits an intriguing pattern arising from the interaction between on-demand staffing and call scheduling decisions. Their research findings highlight significant cost savings achievable through the implementation of an on-demand workforce.
Inspiring, Yet Tiring: How Leader Emotional Complexity Shapes Follower Creativity
Authors: Stollberger Jakob , Guillaume Yves , van Knippenberg Daan 
Published: July 2023

Moods and emotions are an important influence on creativity at work, and recent developments point to emotional complexity as a particularly relevant influence in this respect. We develop this line of research by shifting focus from emotional complexity as an intrapersonal influence to emotional complexity as an interpersonal influence between leader and subordinate. Specifically, we integrate the social-functional approach to emotions with theory on self-regulation to shed light on the effects of leader emotional complexity (LEC), operationalized as alternations between leader displays of happiness and anger, on follower creativity. Three studies, two video experiments (Studies 1 and 2) and a multisource experience sampling study (Study 3), revealed that, on one hand, LEC stimulated creativity by enhancing the cognitive flexibility of followers; on the other hand, LEC led to heightened self-regulatory resource depletion, which compromised follower creativity. Our results also showed that trait epistemic motivation strengthened the positive effects of LEC on creativity via cognitive flexibility, the negative effects via self-regulatory resource depletion were also stronger for followers with higher trait epistemic motivation. Combined, results suggest that leader displays of emotional complexity can be tiring but are even more inspiring. Supplemental Material: The online appendices are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2019.13152 .
Türkistan Askerî Valiliğinin Kurulması ve Sınırlarının Belirlenmesi (Yedi Adet Harita ile Birlikte)
Authors: GÜNGÖR Ebubekir 
Published: July 2023

Türkistan adı geçmişte farklı coğrafi sınırları içine alan bölgeleri tanımlamak için kullanılmakla birlikte bu çalışmada, “Rus Türkistan”ı olarak Rus Çarlığı tarafından oluşturulan Türkistan Askerî Valiliği ile mekân sınırlandırması yapılmıştır. XIX. yüzyılın ikinci çeyreğinde işgallerle oluşmaya başlayan Türkistan Askerî Valiliğinin sınırları Rus Çarlığı’nın yıkılışına kadar (1917) korunmuş; 1897 Çarlık kanunnamesi süreci de dâhil meydana gelen değişimler göz önünde bulundurulmuştur. İlk etapta valiliğin sınırları Sirderya ve Yedisu (Almata/Vernıy) Askerî Mıntıka idarelerinin kurulması ile resmen şekillenmeye başlamıştır. Daha sonra işgal ve ilhak alanları genişledikçe yeni oluşturulan askerî mıntıka idareleri askerî eyalet ve vilayetlere dönüştürülmüştür. 1865’te kurulan Türkistan Askerî Eyaleti,
1867’de Türkistan Askerî Valiliğine evirilmiş, kendi içerisinde eyalet ve vilayetlere ayrılmıştır. Dolayısıyla Valiliğin idari ve coğrafi taksimatında XIX. yüzyılın sonuna kadar (1897) sürekli bir değişim söz konusu olmuştur.