bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Male larval experience of cues from adult rivals alters lifetime sperm investment patterns in a sperm heteromorphic moth, Ephestia kuehniella
Authors: Liu Junyan , He Xiong Zhao , Wang Qiao 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMale animals may adjust their resource allocations for reproduction and other fitness functions in response to cues from rivals. For instance, adult males increase their investment in sperm for a higher paternity share when they perceive sperm competition risk in their surroundings. In nature, both juveniles and adults may coexist spatially and temporally. Yet, it is not clear how juvenile males of different ages respond to cues from adult rivals and fine‐tune their lifetime investment in sperm production and ejaculation in any insect. Here we used the Mediterranean flour moth, Ephestia kuehniella, which produces both fertile eupyrene and infertile apyrene sperm, to explore this question. We demonstrate that the late, but not early, instar larvae are sensitive to adult male cues. As a response, they produce more sperm before emergence and their resultant adults have shorter mating latency and ejaculate more sperm in the first few matings. When the juvenile stage produces more eupyrenes, the adult stops making these sperm, but regardless of the number of apyrenes produced during the juvenile stage, the adult continues to make them. These findings suggest that the number of spermatogonia for eupyrenes may be limited and that for apyrenes may be flexible. Our results show that the insect does not trade off survival, mating frequency, body size, or testis size for sperm production in response to adult males during the larval stage. Knowledge created in the present study offers insight into the stage‐dependent sensitivity of juvenile males to cues from adult rivals and subsequent lifetime resource allocations.
Gametophyte phase of commercial kelps, the potential food supplements for essential fatty acids and n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids
Authors: Geng Xicheng , Jia Xuli , Liu Lanqing , Ma Shanpeng , Liu Hongbing , Liu Tao 
Published: May 2023

AbstractFor heteromorphic algae with alternating generations, the thallus and gametophyte phases are different morphologies in free‐living life history. The thalli are popular used as traditional vegetables and herbal drugs, whereas the gametophyte phases are little involved. To better understand the functional lipids in the gametophyte phase of three commercial kelps, Saccharina japonica, Undaria pinnatifida, and Costaria costata, the contents of total lipids (TLs), fatty acid (FA) profiles, and transcriptomic analysis were performed. For the studied kelps, the TL contents in gametophyte phase were always almost twice more than those in the thallus, and the kelp species, their life stage, and the gender were critical factors affecting lipid accumulation. The gametophyte phases of U. pinnatifida and C. costata were rich in essential FA C18:2 n − 6 and C18:3 n − 3. The S. japonica gametophyte phase contained abundant C20:5 n − 3 and C18:4 n − 3, possessed an ideal ratio of n − 6/n − 3 polyunsaturated fatty acid below 1.0, and was supported by the transcriptome data which showed that the key sjD12/15 (n − 3) gene of gametophyte partially upregulated than sporophyte. The results suggested that S. japonica gametophyte phase was the worthiest of further development and utilization as a functional food.Practical ApplicationIt is the first report on the fatty acid characteristics of three gametophyte phases of Saccharina japonica, Undaria pinnatifida, and Costaria costata and find that the S. japonica was worthy of further development and utilization as a functional food owing to its satisfactory fatty acid composition.
Some children with idiopathic toe walking display sensory processing difficulties but not all: A systematic review
Authors: Donne Jack H. , Powell Jennifer A. , Fahey Michael C. , Beare Richard , Kolic Jessica , Williams Cylie M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimIdiopathic toe walking (ITW) is a diagnosis for children who toe walk without another diagnosis known to cause toe walking. Recent research has suggested that children with ITW may have mild motor planning challenges and sensory processing differences. The primary aim of this systematic review was to determine whether children diagnosed with ITW have differences in their sensory processing compared to typically developing children. Secondary aims included determining how sensory processing was assessed in this population and documenting the broad clinometric and psychometric properties of any assessment tools.MethodsMEDLINE, CINAHL, AMED and Embase were searched for relevant literature in English. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they described children aged 3 and 18 with idiopathic toe walking and reported a sensory processing domain.ResultsTwelve articles met the inclusion criteria; however, only two papers included data permitting meta‐analysis. Meta‐analyses of vibration perception threshold using a random effect model were not significant (p = 0.31). Other data were synthesised by narrative and showed a high heterogeneity across multiple sensory processing domains.ConclusionThis study highlights that despite children with ITW often conceptualised as possessing sensory processing challenges, there is little evidence supporting this theory. Further research on sensory processing in children with this gait pattern is necessary.
Human resources for administrative work to carry out a comprehensive genomic profiling test in Japan
Authors: Kage Hidenori , Oda Katsutoshi , Muto Manabu , Tsuchihara Katsuya , Okita Natsuko , Okuma Yusuke , Kikuchi Junko , Shirota Hidekazu , Hayashi Hideyuki , Kokuryo Toshio , Sakai Daisuke , Hirasawa Akira , Kubo Makoto , Kenmotsu Hirotsugu , Akiyama Nana , Shinozaki‐Ushiku Aya , Tanabe Masahiko , Ushiku Tetsuo , Miyagawa Kiyoshi , Seto Yasuyuki 
Published: May 2023

AbstractComprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) tests have been nationally reimbursed in Japan since June 2019 under strict restrictions, and over 46,000 patients have taken the test. Core Hospitals and Designated Hospitals host molecular tumor boards, which is more time‐consuming than simply participating in them. We sent a questionnaire to government‐designated Cancer Genomic Medicine Hospitals, including all 12 Core Hospitals, all 33 Designated Hospitals, and 117 of 188 Cooperative Hospitals. The questionnaire asked how much time physicians and nonphysicians spent on administrative work for cancer genomic medicine. For every CGP test, 7.6 h of administrative work was needed. Physicians spent 2.7 h/patient, while nonphysicians spent 4.9 h/patient. Time spent preparing for molecular tumor boards, called Expert Panels, was the longest, followed by time spent participating in Expert Panels. Assuming an hourly wage of ¥24,000/h for physicians and ¥2800/h for nonphysicians, mean labor cost was ¥78,071/patient. On a monthly basis, more time was spent on administrative work at Core Hospitals compared with Designated Hospitals and Cooperative Hospitals (385 vs. 166 vs. 51 h/month, respectively,p < 0.001). Consequently, labor cost per month was higher at Core Hospitals than at Designated Hospitals and Cooperative Hospitals (¥3,951,854 vs. ¥1,687,167 vs. ¥487,279/month, respectively,p < 0.001). Completing a CGP test for a cancer patient in Japan is associated with significant labor at each hospital, especially at Core Hospitals. Streamlining the exchange of information and simplifying Expert Panels will likely alleviate this burden.
Child protective services involvement and exclusionary school discipline
Authors: Font Sarah A. , Kennedy Reeve , Littleton Tenesha 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe study examined the impact of child protective services (CPS) contact on out‐of‐school suspensions for 49,918 Wisconsin students (followed from ages 5–6 to 14–15; [school years 2010–2019; 74% White; 7% Black; 11% Hispanic; 8% other; 49% female]). A quasi‐experimental design comparing recent CPS contact to upcoming (future) CPS contact shows that both recent CPS contact without foster care and future CPS contact predict higher odds of suspension compared with no contact. Higher odds of suspension emerged prior to CPS contact and did not substantially increase during or after CPS contact, suggesting that system‐induced stress is not a primary driver of behavioral problems leading to suspension. Foster care reduced the odds of suspension among White children and children in special education.
Healthy lifestyles are associated with better vitamin D status in community‐dwelling older men: The Health In Men Study (HIMS)
Authors: Liu Xiaoying , Brock Kaye E. , Brennan‐Speranza Tara C. , Flicker Leon , Golledge Jonathan , Hankey Graeme J. , Girgis Christian M. , Yeap Bu B. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveOlder people are more prone to vitamin D deficiency than younger populations. Individual lifestyle factors have been associated with vitamin D status. We examined the influence of a combination of lifestyle factors on vitamin D status in older men.Participants and MeasurementsIn a population‐based cohort study of older men (age ≥65 years), a lifestyle score was calculated from eight prudent health‐related behaviours (smoking, exercise, alcohol, fish and meat consumption, adding salt, milk choices and obesity) collected via questionnaire at baseline. Blood samples were collected 5 years afterwards to measure plasma 25‐hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) levels. Associations between lifestyles and the likelihood of having plasma 25OHD levels of ≥75 versus <75 nmol/L and ≥50 versus <50 nmol/L were tested using logistic regression models.ResultsOf the 2717 men analysed, mean plasma 25OHD was 69.0 ± 23.5 nmol/L, with 20.7% having plasma 25OHD <50 nmol/L. Men engaging in ≥4 healthy lifestyle behaviours had 20% higher odds of plasma 25OHD ≥75 nmol/L (adjusted OR = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.01−1.45) compared to those with <4 healthy behaviours. No association was found for 25OHD ≥50 nmol/L. Higher physical activity was the only individual component significantly associated with vitamin D sufficiency (highest vs. lowest quintiles of physical activity, adjusted OR = 2.01, 95% CI: 1.47−2.74 for 25OHD ≥50 nmol/L, adjusted OR = 2.35, 95% CI: 1.81−3.06 for 25OHD ≥75 nmol/L).ConclusionMultiple healthy lifestyle behaviours are associated with better vitamin D status in older men. Further work is needed to determine the effects of promoting healthy lifestyle behaviours, including physical activity, on vitamin D sufficiency.
One‐step totally robotic Hartmann reversal and complex abdominal wall reconstruction with bilateral posterior component separation: a technical note
Authors: Douissard Jonathan , Dupuis Arnaud , Ris Frederic , Hagen Monika E. , Toso Christian , Buchs Nicolas C. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimThis paper describes a robotic approach to combined gastrointestinal continuity restoration and complex abdominal wall reconstruction after Hartmann's procedure complicated by large midline and parastomal hernias.MethodsA robotic Hartmann reversal is performed, followed by robotic retromuscular abdominal wall reconstruction of all ventral defects with bilateral posterior component separation using the double‐docking approach. Surgical steps are thoroughly described, and the accompanying video highlights critical steps of the procedure, anatomical landmarks and technical details relevant to successful completion.ResultsComplete restoration of the anatomy was achieved with an operative time of 6.5 h. Mobilization occured on day 1, and bowels were opened on day 3. Surgical discharge was possible on day 5. No intra‐operative surgical complication occurred and follow‐up at 6 months showed no recurrence or mid‐term complication.ConclusionCombined minimally invasive reconstruction of the gastrointestinal tract and abdominal wall was feasible using a robotic system. In addition, potential advantages of postoperative rehabilitation and reduced surgical site complications are suggested. Prospective evaluation of the technique is ongoing.
Exposure‐response analysis for nivolumab plus ipilimumab combination therapy in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (CheckMate 040)
Authors: Sangro Bruno , Yau Thomas , El‐Khoueiry Anthony B. , Kudo Masatoshi , Shen Yun , Tschaika Marina , Roy Amit , Feng Yan , Gao Ling , Aras Urvi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis analysis was conducted to inform dose selection of a combination of nivolumab plus ipilimumab for the treatment of sorafenib‐experienced patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). CheckMate 040 is an open‐label, multicohort, phase I/II trial in adults with advanced HCC that evaluated nivolumab monotherapy (0.1–10 mg/kg once every 2 weeks [q2w]) and the following three combinations of nivolumab plus ipilimumab: (1) nivolumab 1 mg/kg plus ipilimumab 3 mg/kg every 3 weeks (q3w) for four doses, followed by nivolumab monotherapy 240 mg q2w (arm A); (2) nivolumab 3 mg/kg plus ipilimumab 1 mg/kg q3w for four doses, followed by nivolumab monotherapy 240 mg q2w (arm B); and (3) nivolumab 3 mg/kg q2w plus ipilimumab 1 mg/kg every 6 weeks continuously (arm C). Exposure‐response relationships (efficacy and safety) were characterized using nivolumab and ipilimumab concentrations after the first dose (Cavg1) as the exposure measure. Objective tumor response (OTR) and overall survival (OS) improvements were associated with increased ipilimumab exposure (OTR: odds ratio 1.45, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.13–1.86; OS: hazard ratio 0.86, 95% CI 0.75–0.98), but not nivolumab exposure (OTR: odds ratio 0.99, 95% CI 0.97–1.02; OS: hazard ratio 1.08, 95% CI 0.89–1.32). Hepatic treatment‐related and immune‐mediated adverse events were more common in arm A than in arms B or C. Nivolumab 1 mg/kg plus ipilimumab 3 mg/kg q3w for four doses, followed by nivolumab monotherapy 240 mg q2w had the most favorable benefit:risk profile in patients with advanced HCC.
Bile acid metabolites in early pregnancy and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: Results from a prospective cohort study
Authors: Wu Yuwan , Wang Zheng , Zhao Zhi , Song Xiuxia , Miao Maohua , Zhang Xi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimsTo evaluate the associations of plasma bile acid metabolites, especially in early pregnancy, with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) risk among pregnant women.Materials and MethodsPlasma concentrations of 15 bile acid metabolites were measured in 645 women at early pregnancy from the Jiashan Birth Cohort using a liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry metabolomics platform. Using logistic and cubic spline models, we examined associations between baseline plasma bile acid metabolites and GDM risk during mid‐late pregnancy. A meta‐analysis of prospective studies of bile acid and GDM risk was performed.ResultsThe linear and nonlinear univariate models identified eight metabolites associated with GDM, including cholic acid, taurocholic acid (TCA), glycocholic acid, glycochenodeoxycholic acid, deoxycholic acid, lithocholic acid (LCA), ursodeoxycholic acid and taurolithocholic acid (all P <0.05). Multivariable analysis indicated that TCA and LCA levels were positively (odds ratio [OR] 2.07, 95% confidential interval [CI] 1.05, 3.96; P = 0.030) and negatively (OR 0.83, 95% CI 0.68, 1.01; P = 0.065) associated with GDM, respectively, after adjusting for confounders. The TCA‐GDM association showed a positive linear shaped relationship (OR 2.07, 95% CI 1.05, 3.96; P = 0.030); while LCA was negatively related with GDM risk in linearity (OR 0.83, 95% CI 0.68, 1.01; P = 0.065). The meta‐analysis of five studies showed a consistent bile acid and GDM association, with a risk ratio (RR) of 2.43 (1.95, 3.03).ConclusionsThis study indicated that, the levels of circulating bile acids in early pregnancy were associated with risk of GDM, independent of GDM risk factors. Most GDM‐associated bile acids were primary conjugated and secondary unconjugated bile acids.
BACH1 encourages ferroptosis by activating KDM4C‐mediated COX2 demethylation after cerebral ischemia–reperfusion injury
Authors: Zhang Tianqi , Yang Meimei , Ma Chi , Wei Xinya , Zhang Zhuobo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIt has been confirmed that BTB domain and CNC homologue 1 (BACH1) are involved in ferroptosis‐related diseases. However, the function of BACH1 in cerebral ischemia–reperfusion injury (CIRI)‐induced ferroptosis remains to be largely unrevealed. First, analysis of differentially expressed genes in CIRI based on the GEO dataset GSE119121 revealed that BACH1 was upregulated in CIRI. BACH1 level was prominently increased in middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO)/reperfusion model and oxygen–glucose deprivation/reoxygenation cell model. Further, knock‐down of BACH1 markedly reduced iron ion concentration, ROS production, 4‐HNE and lipid peroxidation levels and facilitated GSH content, cell viability and protein levels of GPX4 and SLC7A11, while an pcDNA‐KDM4C or pcDNA‐COX2 combined with BACH1 siRNA could not enhance this effect. Mechanistically, BACH1 bound on the KDM4C promoter to transcriptionally activate its expression. Besides, KDM4C could occupy the promoter locus of the COX2 gene, promoting the COX2 expression by eliminating H3K9me3. Overexpression of KDM4C or COX2 overturned the effects of BACH1 inhibition. In vivo findings displayed that brain infraction, pathological damage and neuronal loss rate in MCAO mice were conspicuously decreased after BACH1 knock‐down. This study reveals that BACH1 encourages ferroptosis in neuroblastoma cells and CIRI mouse brain tissues by activating KDM4C‐mediated COX2 demethylation.
Limitations of farm management data in analyses of decadal changes in SOC stocks in the Danish soil‐monitoring network
Authors: Harbo Laura Sofie , Olesen Jørgen E. , Lemming Camilla , Christensen Bent T. , Elsgaard Lars 
Published: May 2023

AbstractChanges in soil organic carbon (SOC) storage in agricultural land are an important part of the Land Use, Land‐Use Change and Forestry component of national greenhouse gas emission inventories. Furthermore, as climate mitigation strategies and incentives for carbon farming are being developed, accurate estimates of SOC stocks are essential to verify any management‐induced changes in SOC. Based on agricultural mineral soils in the Danish soil‐monitoring network, we analysed management effects on SOC stocks using data from the two most recent surveys (2009 and 2019). Between 2009 and 2019, the average increase in SOC stock was 1.2 Mg C ha−1 for 0–50 cm despite a loss of 1.2 Mg C ha−1 from the topsoil (0–25 cm), stressing the importance of including deeper soil layers in soil‐monitoring networks. Comparing all four national surveys (1986, 1997, 2009, 2019), the mean SOC stock of mineral soils in Denmark appears stable. The change in SOC stock between 2009 and 2019 was analysed in detail in relation to management practices as reported by farmers. We found that the effects of single management factors were difficult to isolate from co‐varying factors including soil parameters and that the use of farm management data to explain changes in SOC stocks observed in soil‐monitoring networks appears limited. Uncertainty in SOC stock estimates also arises from low sampling frequency and statistical challenges related to regression to the mean. However, repeated stock measurements at decadal intervals still represent a benchmark for the overall development in regional and national SOC storage, as affected by actual farm management.
Lower initial red blood cell count in cerebrospinal fluid predicts good functional outcome in patients with spontaneous subarachnoid haemorrhage
Authors: Lindner Anna , Berek Klaus , Rass Verena , Di Pauli Franziska , Kofler Mario , Zinganell Anne , Putnina Lauma , Kindl Philipp , Schiefecker Alois J. , Pfausler Bettina , Beer Ronny , Deisenhammer Florian , Hegen Harald , Helbok Raimund 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackground and purposeRed blood cell (RBC) degradation after subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) negatively affects functional outcome. Although the detection of RBCs in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a widely available part of neurological routine diagnostics, the prognostic value as a biomarker remains unclear. This study was undertaken to investigate whether CSF RBC count correlates with established radiological markers of SAH volume and whether the CSF RBC count can predict functional outcome in SAH patients.MethodsA total of 121 consecutive spontaneous SAH patients were retrospectively analyzed. CSF was collected from external ventricular drain as part of routine diagnostic procedures. We used multivariable binary logistic regression to investigate associations between CSF RBC counts and functional outcome 3 months after SAH or hospital survival. Good functional outcome was defined as modified Rankin Scale ≤ 2.ResultsPatients' age was 60 ± 14 years, and the median admission Hunt & Hess grade (H&H) was 4. CSF samples were collected 2 days after intensive care unit admission. High CSF RBC counts positively correlated with radiological measurements for SAH volume, for example, modified Fisher score (p = 0.002) and Hijdra ventricle score (p = 0.016). Multivariable regression analysis adjusted for age, H&H grade, modified Fisher and Hijdra scores showed that low CSF RBC counts predicted hospital survival (per 100,000 CSF RBCs: adjusted odds ratio [adjOR] = 0.74, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.61–0.89, p = 0.001) and good functional outcome after 3 months (per 100,000 CSF RBC: adjOR = 0.76, 95% CI = 0.60–0.96, p = 0.020).ConclusionsCSF RBC counts correlate with radiographic scores quantifying SAH volume and may serve as an early independent biomarker for hospital survival and good functional 3‐month outcome in patients requiring ventriculostomy after SAH.
Where the power lies: Developing a political ecology framework for just energy transition
Authors: Boateng Dickson , Bloomer Julian , Morrissey John 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis critical review lays down the fundamentals for rethinking just energy transition. It reviews the theoretical perspectives of energy justice, socio‐technical transitions (STTs), and political ecology and presents a plausible and useful way to approach a just low‐carbon transition using Political Ecology as a broad framework. This Political Ecology framework for Sustainable Energy Transition (PESET) addresses power issues associated with low‐carbon transition, while also identifying the role of inclusivity and justice in low‐carbon transition. As energy transition studies have primarily focused on the Global North and the extraction and production of large technologies, this framework provides a more radical means to achieve just transition objectives with particular relevance for application in the Global South—a region largely overlooked in transitions scholarship and where mundane/simple technologies (e.g. Solar Home Systems and clean cookstoves) typify transitions processes to date. The PESET framework presents a novel contribution, linking the concepts of energy justice, STTs, and political ecology to provide a more comprehensive means of framing and analysing just energy transitions. It thus provides a novel overarching framework linking energy studies, sustainability transitions, development studies and innovation studies especially in an era where the globe is moving toward a clean and affordable energy for all (Sustainable Development Goal 7).