bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Single‐cell transcriptomic analysis of oral masticatory and lining mucosa‐derived mesenchymal stromal cells
Authors: Pinkhasov Ilan , Kabakov Liron , Nemcovsky Carlos E. , Weinreb Miron , Schlesinger Pnina , Bender Omer , Gal Maayan , Bar Daniel Z. , Weinberg Evgeny 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimTo reveal the heterogeneity of ex vivo‐cultured human mesenchymal stromal cells derived from either masticatory or lining oral mucosa.Materials and MethodsCells were retrieved from the lamina propria of the hard palate and alveolar mucosa of three individuals. The analysis of transcriptomic‐level differences was accomplished using single‐cell RNA sequencing.ResultsCluster analysis clearly distinguished between cells from the masticatory and lining oral mucosa, and revealed 11 distinct cell sub‐populations, annotated as fibroblasts, smooth muscle cells or mesenchymal stem cells. Interestingly, cells presenting a mesenchymal stem cell‐like gene expression pattern were predominantly found in masticatory mucosa. Although cells of masticatory mucosa origin were highly enriched for biological processes associated with wound healing, those from the lining oral mucosa were highly enriched for biological processes associated with the regulation of epithelial cells.ConclusionsOur previous work had shown that cells from the lining and masticatory oral mucosae are phenotypically heterogeneous. Here, we extend these findings to show that these changes are not the result of differences in averages but rather represent two distinct cell populations, with mesenchymal stem cells more common in masticatory mucosa. These features may contribute to specific physiological functions and have relevance for potential therapeutic interventions.
The restriction of calcium influx in metaphase and post‐metaphase stages of cell division revealed by imaging secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS)
Authors: Chandra Subhash 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS)‐based isotopic imaging technique of ion microscopy was used for observing calcium influx in single renal epithelial LLC‐PK1 cells. The CAMECA IMS‐3f SIMS instrument, used in the study, is capable of producing isotopic images of single cells at 500 nm spatial resolution. Due to the high‐vacuum requirements of the instrument the cells were prepared cryogenically with a freeze‐fracture method and frozen freeze‐dried cells were used for SIMS analysis. The influx of calcium was imaged directly by exposure of cells to 44Ca stable isotope in the extracellular buffer for 10 min. The 44Ca influx was measured at mass 44 and the distribution of endogenous calcium at mass 40 (40Ca) in the same cell. A direct comparison of interphase cells to cells undergoing division revealed that calcium influx is restricted in metaphase and post‐metaphase stages of cell division. This restriction is lifted in late cytokinesis. The net influx of 44Ca in 10 min was approximately half under calcium influx restriction in comparison to interphase cells. Under calcium influx restriction the 44Ca concentration was the same between the mitotic chromosome and the cytoplasm. These observations indicate that the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) calcium uptake is compromised under calcium influx restriction in cells undergoing division.
Later school start time is associated with longer school day sleep duration and less social jetlag among Norwegian high school students: Results from a large‐scale, cross‐sectional study
Authors: Evanger Linn Nyjordet , Bjorvatn Bjørn , Pallesen Ståle , Hysing Mari , Sivertsen Børge , Saxvig Ingvild West 
Published: March 2023

SummaryThe present study explored the associations between school start time and sleep habits among older adolescents, and whether these associations depended on circadian preference. The sample comprised 4010 high school students aged 16–17 years who completed a web‐based survey on habitual school start time, sleep, and health. The survey included the Munich ChronoType Questionnaire, and the short version of the Horne–Östberg Morningness–Eveningness Questionnaire. Students were categorised according to habitual school start time (before 08:00 hours, 08:00 hours, 08:15 hours, 08:30 hours or after 08:30 hours) and circadian preference (morning, intermediate or evening). Data were analysed using two‐way analyses of variance (school start time × circadian preference) and linear regression analyses. Results showed an overall effect of school start time on school day sleep duration (main effect, p < 0.001), with the latest school starters having the longest, and the earliest school starters having the shortest sleep duration (7:03 hr versus 6:16 hr; Tukey HSD p < 0.001). Similarly, later school starters generally reported shorter social jetlag and later school day wake‐up times than earlier starting students (both main effect p < 0.001). Circadian preference did not modify these associations (interaction effects p > 0.05). In the crude regression analysis, 15 min later school start was associated with 7.2 min more sleep (p < 0.001). School start time remained a significant predictor of school day sleep duration when adjusted for sex, parental educational level and circadian preference (p < 0.001). Results suggest that school start time is a significant predictor of school day sleep duration among adolescents.
Three‐dimensional electro‐anatomical mapping and radiofrequency ablation as a novel treatment for atrioventricular accessory pathway in a horse: A case report
Authors: Buschmann Eva , Van Steenkiste Glenn , Boussy Tim , Vernemmen Ingrid , Schauvliege Stijn , Decloedt Annelies , van Loon Gunther 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe describe the diagnosis and treatment of an atrioventricular accessory pathway (AP) in a horse using 3‐dimensional electro‐anatomical mapping (3D EAM) and radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA). During routine evaluation of the horse, intermittent ventricular pre‐excitation was identified on the ECG, characterized by a short PQ interval and abnormal QRS morphology. A right cranial location of the AP was suspected from the 12‐lead ECG and vectorcardiography. After precise localization of the AP using 3D EAM, ablation was performed and AP conduction was eliminated. Immediately after recovery from anesthesia an occasional pre‐excited complex still was observed, but a 24‐hour ECG and an ECG during exercise 1 and 6 weeks after the procedure showed complete disappearance of pre‐excitation. This case shows the feasibility of 3D EAM and RFCA to identify and treat an AP in horses.
A longitudinal study on fluconazole resistance in Candida albicans vaginal isolates
Authors: Sobel Jack D. , Sebastian Sreya , Boikov Dina A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundRecurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (RVVC), despite its worldwide prevalence, has limited treatment options; and a long‐term prophylactic regimen utilising fluconazole is the dominant choice.ObjectivesAn increase in fluconazole resistance is reported, and little information is available about the reversibility of resistance status following the withdrawal of fluconazole.MethodsRepeated antifungal susceptibility tests (ASTs) for fluconazole at a median interval of 3 months between them were evaluated in women with refractory or recurrent VVC patients at the Vaginitis clinic from 2012 to 2021 (10 years) and performed at pH 7 and pH 4.5 using the broth microdilution tests based on the CLSI M27‐A4 reference method.ResultsOf 38 patients with long‐term follow‐up with repeat ASTs, 13 patients (13/38, 34.2%) tested at pH 7.0 remained susceptible to fluconazole with MIC ≤2 μg/mL. Nineteen patients (19/38, 50%) remained resistant to fluconazole with MIC ≥8 μg/mL, whereas four (4/38, 10.5%) changed from susceptible to resistant and two (2/38, 5.2%) changed from resistant to susceptible over time. At pH 4.5, among the 37 patients with repeated MIC values, nine (9/37, 24.3%) remained susceptible to fluconazole and 22 (22/37, 59.5%) remained resistant. Three isolates (3/37, 8.1%) changed from susceptible to resistant, while 3 (3/37, 8.1%) changed from resistant to susceptible over time.ConclusionFluconazole susceptibility in Candida albicans vaginal isolates obtained longitudinally in women with RVVC remains stable with rare reversal of resistance despite azole avoidance.
Activity‐based proteomics uncovers suppressed hydrolases and a neo‐functionalised antibacterial enzyme at the plant–pathogen interface
Authors: Sueldo Daniela J. , Godson Alice , Kaschani Farnusch , Krahn Daniel , Kessenbrock Till , Buscaill Pierre , Schofield Christopher J. , Kaiser Markus , van der Hoorn Renier A. L. 
Published: March 2023

Summary
The extracellular space of plant tissues contains hundreds of hydrolases that might harm colonising microbes. Successful pathogens may suppress these hydrolases to enable disease. Here, we report the dynamics of extracellular hydrolases in Nicotiana benthamiana upon infection with Pseudomonas syringae.
Using activity‐based proteomics with a cocktail of biotinylated probes, we simultaneously monitored 171 active hydrolases, including 109 serine hydrolases (SHs), 49 glycosidases (GHs) and 13 cysteine proteases (CPs).
The activity of 82 of these hydrolases (mostly SHs) increases during infection, while the activity of 60 hydrolases (mostly GHs and CPs) is suppressed during infection. Active β‐galactosidase‐1 (BGAL1) is amongst the suppressed hydrolases, consistent with production of the BGAL1 inhibitor by P. syringae. One of the other suppressed hydrolases, the pathogenesis‐related NbPR3, decreases bacterial growth when transiently overexpressed. This is dependent on its active site, revealing a role for NbPR3 activity in antibacterial immunity. Despite being annotated as a chitinase, NbPR3 does not possess chitinase activity and contains an E112Q active site substitution that is essential for antibacterial activity and is present only in Nicotiana species.
This study introduces a powerful approach to reveal novel components of extracellular immunity, exemplified by the discovery of the suppression of neo‐functionalised Nicotiana‐specific antibacterial NbPR3.
Poverty, ACEs and stigmatised places: The application of psychology to the challenges of disadvantage
Authors: Corcoran Rhiannon 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundOur life circumstances present continual challenges to our mental health and well‐being. For most of us, the politics of economy and society determine our prospects of living a good life. The fact that the ability to control and change things that happen to us is largely vested in the power of remote others has inevitable, mostly negative consequences.MethodThe following opinion piece illustrates the challenge our discipline faces in locating a complimentary contribution alongside those of public health, sociology and other sister disciplines with particular reference to the intractable concerns of poverty, ACES and stigmatised places.FindingsThe piece presents an examination of what psychology as a discipline can do in the context of adversity and challenges that individuals face but over which they have little sense of control. The discipline of psychology needs to play a meaningful part in understanding and addressing the impacts of societal matters, moving from a dominant position of individualised understandings of distress to embrace more fully the context in which people are expected to feel good and function well.ConclusionCommunity psychology offers a useful, established philosophy from which to advance our practices. However, a more sophisticated, discipline‐wide narrative and grounded understanding that empathically represents real lives and captures individual functioning within a complex and distant societal system is urgently required.
Royal epistolary courtship in Latin? Arthur Tudor's “love letter” to Katherine of Aragon at the Archivo General de Simancas and Francesco Negri's Ars Epistolandi☆
Authors: Janssen K. P. S. , van Pelt Nadia T. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe Archivo General de Simancas in Valladolid has preserved a letter attributed to Arthur Tudor, categorized as ‘declarándole su ardiente pasión amorosa’ [declaring his ardent loving passion]. Its recipient has been thought to be Katherine of Aragon. The lack of scholarly interest in this letter is remarkable, but may be caused by its having been calendared in the nineteenth century as written by Perkin Warbeck. In what follows we unlock the mystery of the AGS letter by returning to its original Latin. We reveal that it very closely follows an exemplum from Francesco Negri's educational bestseller Ars Epistolandi, first published in 1488. Interestingly, Negri used the exemplum to show readers how not to write a letter, and categorized it as ‘turpis’, or, ‘lewd’. We present here an edition with a translation of both the AGS letter and Negri's sample. Our evidence suggests that ‘Arthur's letter’ is not a declaration of love to send to a recipient, but a school exercise in line with Humanist training. As such, it may not provide a window to Arthur's passionate nature, but it does offer important insights into educational practices in the context of the Tudor court towards the end of the 15th century.
Weighted Bayesian network for the classification of unbalanced food safety data: Case study of risk‐based monitoring of heavy metals
Authors: Wang Xinxin , Bouzembrak Yamine , Oude Lansink A. G. J. M. , van der Fels‐Klerx H. J. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHistorical data on food safety monitoring often serve as an information source in designing monitoring plans. However, such data are often unbalanced: a small fraction of the dataset refers to food safety hazards that are present in high concentrations (representing commodity batches with a high risk of being contaminated, the positives) and a high fraction of the dataset refers to food safety hazards that are present in low concentrations (representing commodity batches with a low risk of being contaminated, the negatives). Such unbalanced datasets complicate modeling to predict the probability of contamination of commodity batches. This study proposes a weighted Bayesian network (WBN) classifier to improve the model prediction accuracy for the presence of food and feed safety hazards using unbalanced monitoring data, specifically for the presence of heavy metals in feed. Applying different weight values resulted in different classification accuracies for each involved class; the optimal weight value was defined as the value that yielded the most effective monitoring plan, that is, identifying the highest percentage of contaminated feed batches. Results showed that the Bayesian network classifier resulted in a large difference between the classification accuracy of positive samples (20%) and negative samples (99%). With the WBN approach, the classification accuracy of positive samples and negative samples were both around 80%, and the monitoring effectiveness increased from 31% to 80% for pre‐set sample size of 3000. Results of this study can be used to improve the effectiveness of monitoring various food safety hazards in food and feed.
Social investment, labour market participation and public debt sustainability: An empirical analysis of European countries
Authors: Ciarini Andrea , Franconi Alessandro , Villa Anna 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis article explores the role of SI Stock, Flow and Buffer policies by shedding light on their relationships with active labour market participation and public debt sustainability for a panel of 22 European countries from 1997 to 2018. We find SI Stock, Flow and Buffer to be positively correlated with labour market participation and more sustainable public debt. When disaggregating the components of SI, we detect a small degree of heterogeneity, with Active Labour Market Policies (ALMPs) negatively associated with the activity rate and positively associated with the employment rate. This result is coherent with the idea that ALMPs make a significant contribution to increasing opportunities for those already in the labour market rather than creating new jobs for those excluded from the labour market, that is, inactive individuals. In this case, our findings indicate that measures to fight social exclusion and out‐of‐work expenditure (Buffer), as well as in‐kind family benefits, are significantly associated with employability for those excluded from the labour market.
Study about evaluation of efficacy of methotrexate in localized scleroderma using ultrasonography
Authors: Zhang Fan , Li Jianke , Zhao Qing , Liu Hong , Zhang Furen 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe treatment and curative effect evaluation of localized scleroderma (LS) still perplexes many clinical workers.PurposeTo investigate the efficiacy of methotrexate in the treatment of LS by the evaluation of ultrasonography.MethodsA prospective study enrolled 10 patients treated with MTX for at least 6 months was conducted. Treatment outcome was evaluated by a clinical score and 15‐MHz ultrasonography. Safety assessment included the monitoring of adverse drug reactions and clinical laboratory examinations.ResultsEight of the 10 patients achieved clinical remission only with MTX. One patient was relieved after MTX combined with corticosteroids, while another one does not improve after the treatment of mycophenolate mofetil and corticosteroids. The effective rate of MTX is 80%. Nine patients were significantly improved with a decrease of the Localized Scleroderma Cutaneous Assessment Tool (the mean score of the LoSCAT cutaneous activity dropped from 5.2 to 1.0, p < 0.001, the mean score of the LS cutaneous damage dropped from 4.3 to 2.3, p = 0.002). The average difference of thickness between skin lesions and normal skin evaluated by ultrasonography decreased from 0.13 cm to 0.04 cm (p = 0.009) in eight patients. No serious adverse reactions occurred.ConclusionMethotrexate is a safe and effective treatment for patients with LS. Ultrasonography can be considered as an efficient assessment tool for evaluation LS.
Phage therapy in a lung transplant recipient with cystic fibrosis infected with multidrug‐resistant Burkholderia multivorans
Authors: Haidar Ghady , Chan Benjamin K. , Cho Shu‐Ting , Hughes Kramer Kailey , Nordstrom Hayley R. , Wallace Nathan R. , Stellfox Madison E. , Holland Mische , Kline Ellen G. , Kozar Jennifer M. , Kilaru Silpa D. , Pilewski Joseph M. , LiPuma John J. , Cooper Vaughn S. , Shields Ryan K. , Van Tyne Daria 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundThere is increased interest in bacteriophage (phage) therapy to treat infections caused by antibiotic‐resistant bacteria. A lung transplant recipient with cystic fibrosis and Burkholderia multivorans infection was treated with inhaled phage therapy for 7 days before she died.MethodsPhages were given via nebulization through the mechanical ventilation circuit. Remnant respiratory specimens and serum were collected. We quantified phage and bacterial deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) using quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and tested phage neutralization in the presence of patient serum. We performed whole genome sequencing and antibiotic and phage susceptibility testing on 15 B. multivorans isolates. Finally, we extracted lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from two isolates and visualized their LPS using gel electrophoresis.ResultsPhage therapy was temporally followed by a temporary improvement in leukocytosis and hemodynamics, followed by worsening leukocytosis on day 5, deterioration on day 7, and death on day 8. We detected phage DNA in respiratory samples after 6 days of nebulized phage therapy. Bacterial DNA in respiratory samples decreased over time, and no serum neutralization was detected. Isolates collected between 2001 and 2020 were closely related but differed in their antibiotic and phage susceptibility profiles. Early isolates were not susceptible to the phage used for therapy, while later isolates, including two isolates collected during phage therapy, were susceptible. Susceptibility to the phage used for therapy was correlated with differences in O‐antigen profiles of an early versus a late isolate.ConclusionsThis case of clinical failure of nebulized phage therapy highlights the limitations, unknowns, and challenges of phage therapy for resistant infections.
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COVID‐19 convalescent plasma donors: Unique motivations in unique times?
Authors: Crowder Lauren A. , Steele Whitney R. , Goodhue Erin , Lasky Baia , Young Pampee P. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundEarly in the SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic, many blood collection organizations (BCOs) were asked to collect and distribute COVID‐19 convalescent plasma (CCP) as a potential treatment for this new virus and resulting disease. However, recruiting CCP donors presented unique challenges for BCOs, as there were few recovered patients at this time, and like the general population, most potential CCP donors had no blood donation experience. Thus, many CCP donors were new donors, and their donation motivations were unknown.Materials and MethodsDonors who gave CCP at least once between April 27th and September 15th, 2020, were emailed a link to an online survey regarding their experience with COVID‐19 and their motivations for donating CCP and blood.ResultsOf the 14,225 invitations sent, 3471 donors responded (24.4%). Most donors had never donated blood before (n = 1406), followed by lapsed donors (n = 1050), and recent donors (n = 951). There was a significant relationship between self‐reported donation experience and fear of CCP donation (X2 = 119.2, p < .001). Motivations ranked “very important” by responding donors were wanting to help someone in need, a feeling of responsibility, and feeling a duty to donate. Donors with more severe disease were more likely to respond with feelings of a sense of duty to donate CCP (Χ2 = 8.078, p = .044) or altruism (Χ2 = 8.580, p = .035).ConclusionsOverwhelmingly, altruism and a sense of duty and responsibility were the reasons that CCP donors decided to donate. These insights can be useful for motivating donors for specialized donation programs or if wide scale CCP recruitment is needed in the future.
Successful treatment with plasma exchange in life‐threatening hyperhemolytic syndrome unrelated to sickle cell disease
Authors: Shaulov Adir , Rund Deborah , Filon Dvora , Nachmias Boaz , Khalili Aliaa , Manny Noga , Zelig Orly 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroductionHyperhemolytic syndrome (HHS) is a severe form of delayed transfusion reaction primarily described in sickle cell anemia patients which is characterized by a hemoglobin decrease to pre‐transfusion levels or lower, often with reticulocytopenia and no evidence of auto‐ or allo‐antibodies.Case PresentationWe present two cases of severe HHS in patients without sickle cell anemia refractory to treatment with steroids, immunoglobulins, and rituximab. In one case, temporary relief was achieved with eculizumab. In both cases, plasma exchange resulted in a profound and immediate response allowing for splenectomy and resolution of hemolysis.Discussion/ConclusionWe discuss the pathophysiology of HHS, its presentation and treatment and expand on the possible role of plasma exchange in this setting.
Liderazgo universitario: un análisis cualitativo del estilo de liderazgo de rectores
Authors: Badillo-Vega Rosalba 
Published: March 2023

Para mejorar la comprensión sobre la dirección de las universidades, el presente estudio analiza el estilo de liderazgo de los rectores, tomando en cuenta factores individuales, características organizacionales y características de la sociedad en la cual están inmersas.El análisis cualitativo se realizó con rectores de universidades mexicanas. Los resultados demostraron que, debido a la naturaleza ecléctica de la universidad, los numerosos objetivos, el perfil altamente profesionalizado de sus miembros, la creciente complejidad de la organización y el entorno y las incertidumbres resultantes, los rectores combinan estrategias de liderazgo transformacional y transaccional, y solo adquieren un rol pasivo en situaciones específicas.