bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Juristic Literature and the Law
Authors: Frier Bruce W. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This chapter asks a fundamental question: To what extent is it likely that the Roman jurists, in their rule-finding, may in some instances have been motivated less by purely pragmatic legal considerations than by an “extra-legal” desire to establish their individual superiority over their peers? On the basis of surviving evidence, it is impossible to answer this question decisively. But the question can be put obliquely: Were individual jurists ever led by their “juristic ambition” to take unreasonable legal positions, simply in order to demonstrate their superior intelligence and wit? That is, when the jurists disagreed on a point of law, how did they go about contending with one another? This chapter only raises the question and tries to examine it on the basis of one famous juristic controversy, namely, intervening cause in Aquilian liability.
Response
Authors: Uden James 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This chapter responds to the previous contributions by Frier and Bubb, by suggesting that both chapters invite further questions about how the dynamics within disciplines were constructed by audiences outside of them, and how the perception of expertise could shift in different contexts and among different audiences. For example, Pliny criticizes the eminent jurist Javolenus Priscus for bad behavior during a literary soiree, with the result that Priscus is reduced from recognition as an ‘intellectual’ to the status of mere narrow legal ‘expert.’ A question arises: Was it possible for a person to be both master of a particular body of knowledge, and broadly cultivated as well? Could a person be both expert and intellectual? Aulus Gellius is mined for opinions about this, and with regard to the field of medicine. Ultimately, it would appear that whether any particular individual achieved those heights depended upon whom you asked.
Rhetoric in Medical Writing
Authors: Petit Caroline 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This chapter explores the rhetoric inherent in medical writing of the Roman period. Instead of the utilitarian rhetoric of handbooks or the persuasive role of rhetoric in medical discourse, it addresses the less often considered question of the literary and artistic uses to which rhetoric was put in medical literature. The chapter begins by grounding the discussion in the situation from the classical period before focusing on the ways in which rhetoric, through its rise under the Roman Empire, helped shape later medical writing. It focuses extensively on rhetorical and literary aspects of Galen’s writing, but also gives significant weight to other medical voices of the imperial period, including Aretaeus and the pseudo-Galenic texts Theriac to Piso and Theriac to Pamphilianus. It closes with a brief consideration of the topic in post-Galenic medical texts.
Response
Authors: Bubb Claire , Howley Joseph 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This chapter offers a conclusion to the rhetorical section of the volume, responding to the preceding chapters of Babusiaux and Petit. It considers the ways in which rhetoric, as a field, compares to the fields of law and medicine as juxtaposed in this volume, focusing particularly on the expert specialists of rhetoric and the ways in which their interaction with the same social context parallels and can enlighten the situation for doctors and lawyers. In doing so, it explores the mutual feedback among rhetoric, medicine, and law that ancient educational norms facilitated and also highlights the sometimes precarious situation of the expert in any of these fields in relation to broadly educated but non-specialist intellectuals.
Abolition and (De)colonization
Authors: Moore J. M. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This chapter argues that the criminal question, and the discipline of criminology, can only be decolonized by adopting an abolitionist praxis. Crime, the foundation of considerations of the criminal question, is a European concept that was (and is) central to its colonial project, whilst criminology’s key innovation, the discovery of the criminal Other, has its origin in the racial Other, central to European colonialism. This intimate link between colonialism and both the criminal question and criminology—a Gordian Knot—is so embedded that it cannot be decolonized by reform. Instead, a more radical approach, abolition, is required. Both decolonization and abolition require revolutionary changes to the social structure, breaking us free from existing power relations and developing new ways of living. Abolitionist praxis can sever the criminal question’s Gordian Knot and help to create Franz Fanon’s ‘something other’ that decolonization demands.
A Postcolonial Condition of Policing?
Authors: Waseem Zoha 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
State police forces in many postcolonial countries are notorious for militarized and informal policing practices. Recently, public resentment against these trends has enflamed civilian resistance to police brutality and state violence, as observed during the #EndSARS protests and the Pashtun Tahaffuz Movement. Simultaneously, decolonial and Southern perspectives in criminology are encouraging critical explorations of the legacies of policing and criminal justice. Speaking to these developments, this chapter comparatively explores postcolonial policing in Pakistan and Nigeria. It develops the notion of the ‘postcolonial condition of policing’ to capture how regime insecurity fosters reliance upon colonially designed policing structures within which professional and financial insecurities of officers enable punitive practices which in turn exacerbate public insecurity. This framework helps to explain the activism against state and policing institutions while contextualizing public policing in postcolonial environments.
Emancipatory Pathways or Postcolonial Pitfalls?
Authors: O’Reilly Conor 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
By navigating global policing mobilities through the Atlantic archipelago of Cape Verde, this chapter sheds new light on how colonial legacies intersect with contemporary policing of global insecurities. It articulates evolving subaltern roles within transnational policing to illuminate a more diverse cast of global cops than previously acknowledged. It charts how Cape Verdean policing actors are increasingly more than mere passive beneficiaries for foreign security expertise that flows unidirectionally from North to South but, rather, manifest increasing agency and ambition within regional and transnational policing arrangements. In so doing, Cape Verdean policing disrupts dominant Western-centric assumptions about the unilateral nature and direction of policing and security mobilities. Indeed, whilst ostensibly peripheral to the global policing web—and much neglected within policing scholarship—this chapter spotlights how policing in this West African archipelago is, in fact, highly integrated within transnational networks. It also brings into sharp focus both the postcolonial pitfalls, and the emancipatory pathways, that are furnished through subaltern engagement with the transnational policing community.
Criminal Questions, Colonial Hinterlands, Personal Experience
Authors: Earle Rod , Parmar Alpa , Phillips Coretta 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This chapter considers the challenges and opportunities that a postcolonial practice might generate for analysis of offending, punishment, and desistance. It argues that there is methodological and theoretical merit in seeking to understand contemporary experiences of crime and offending through the lens of race and colonialism. While accepting that categorical or aetiological links between colonial dynamics and contemporary experiences of criminal justice may be hard to specify empirically, this chapter suggests that our understanding of the relationship between race and crime can be enriched by connecting personal biography, criminological analysis, and historical colonial experience. Specifically, Althusser’s ideas about symptomatic reading (Althusser and Balibar, 2009) are particularly valuable in the approach adopted here. Symptomatic reading is a strategy for interpreting the ‘latent content’ behind the ‘manifest content’ of a text, in this case, the authors’ research interviews. The approach outlined in this chapter suggests that if we want to appreciate the magnitude of race and racism in questions of crime, social order, and disorder, a simple or ‘innocent’ reading of the criminal question (Aliverti et al., 2021) is not enough. The specific contribution of this chapter, then, is to supplement and encourage diverse approaches to decolonizing criminology through revisiting empirical studies, developing teamwork, and collaborative analysis to better inform our understanding of otherwise obscured colonial dynamics.
Internal Displacement and the Law
Authors: Kälin Walter 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This book examines the relevance of international human rights and humanitarian law, which underpins the UN Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement and the Kampala Convention on the Protection and Assistance of Internally Displaced Persons in Africa, for preventing displacement, protecting and assisting internally displaced persons (IDPs) during displacement, and finding durable solutions for them. These are highly relevant issues at a time when the world faces more than 60 million people displaced by armed conflict and disasters, and when climate change will trigger large-scale displacement in the future. The book’s analysis is embedded in and reflects the realities of internal displacement and the challenges faced by displaced individuals and communities, their hosts, governments, and international actors. In line with its human rights approach, the book promotes a narrative that, based on the concept of sovereignty as responsibility, emphasizes the primary responsibility of states to address the needs of IDPs and views them as citizens with rights and agency rather than as vulnerable beneficiaries of humanitarian action. The book concludes that the body of relevant law amounts to an emerging legal regime on internal displacement whose substantive norms are largely adequate, but which faces specific institutional challenges at domestic and international levels that weaken efforts to address the plight of IDPs.
Internal Displacement and the Role of Law
Authors: Kälin Walter 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
To what extent can law contribute to the more effective prevention, response, and resolution of internal displacement? And to what extent can this body of law be described as a legal regime on internal displacement? This chapter introduces these issues as the questions that this book attempts to answer. It furthermore describes internal displacement as a crisis of numbers, a human rights and humanitarian crisis, a crisis contributing to the fragility of affected countries and communities, and a crisis of response. It then defines internal displacement and identifies prevention, protection, and assistance during displacement, and the search for durable solutions as the elements of the displacement cycle. It also introduces the concept of internal displacement as a legal regime and describes its origins, in particular the role of Francis Deng, the first Representative of the UN Secretary-General on internal displacement. The chapter ends with an overview of the structure and content of the book.
Durable Solutions: The Concept
Authors: Kälin Walter 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
When does displacement end and when do internally displaced persons (IDPs) achieve a durable solution at locations of return, local integration, or settlement in another part of the country? This is the topic of this chapter. It explains how the 1998 UN Guiding Principles, the Kampala Convention, and the Framework on Durable Solutions of the UN’s Inter-Agency Standing Committee (IASC) conceptualize durable solutions. It then discusses two approaches developed by regional human rights courts. One sees solutions as an inherent element of human rights guarantees, while the other identifies solutions as an element of the right to reparation. The next section analyses the right of IDPs to choose where to achieve a durable solution, the right to return, and the right to be informed and consulted on solutions. The remainder of the chapter discusses the elements that need to be in place for solutions to become sustainable.
Steering against Superbugs
Authors: Baekkeskov Erik , Munkholm Louise , Rubin Olivier 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The chapter introduces the research agenda as well as elucidating the common themes and findings of the book. The book should be read as a pitch of ideas rooted in social sciences. Based on lessons learned from the different chapters, four perspectives for the future global governance of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) that could help effectively steer against superbugs are identified. The chapter argues first that global governance of AMR should rely on polycentrism, that is, a horizontal network of multiple and transboundary governing authorities capable of drawing on local knowledge, mutual monitoring, and peer learning. Secondly, there is a need for building new types of cross-sectoral coalitions to boost AMR-related policy-making and policy implementation. Thirdly, while global strategies against AMR are important, many of the book’s contributions agree that targeted actions are necessary for effective impact. Fourthly, the argument for shifting intervention focus away from individuals to the structures that drive their behaviour is presented. This chapter ends with a thematic summary of the book’s chapters.
Conceptualizing AMR as a Creeping Disaster in Terms of Pace and Space
Authors: Staupe-Delgado Reidar , Engström Alina , Andres Frugone Cádiz Sebastián 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Traditionally defined, disasters are understood as relatively limited in duration, yet we also know that some disasters are of a creeping and indeed perpetual nature—their onsets do not proceed to advance. In theory, it should be easier to respond to such creeping disasters as a result of their slow build-up. In reality, however, swift responses to creeping disasters rarely materialize due to their perceived lack of acuteness, causing them instead to be left to accumulate slowly in the background—often irreversibly so—until they eventually escalate into full-blown emergencies. AMR reflects just such a phenomenon in that it lacks clearly definable temporal and spatial boundaries. It develops in the natural world and moves across the human, animal, and natural worlds, not limiting itself to sectors or national borders. Each attempt at stopping the creeping disaster simply prolongs it; new forms of antibiotics will eventually also be resisted due to mutations in bacteria. Occasional outbreak episodes invite attention and concern, only for the issue to fade again from the public view. Still, it is unclear how AMR fits into the disaster and crisis literatures. This chapter sets out to conceptualize AMR as a creeping disaster in terms of pace and space with the purpose of contributing to new insight into the nature of acuteness and perceived urgency. It thus not only contributes with a fresh look on AMR but it also contributes to new ways of understanding the complex phenomena of crisis and disaster.
Combatting AMR in the EU
Authors: Jensen Carsten Strøby 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This chapter focuses on the European Union (EU) initiatives for combatting antimicrobial resistance. Over the past twenty years, the EU has been an active international player with regard to AMR. In the last ten years, it has intensified efforts to manage the problems caused by AMR. The EU has produced a number of action plans aimed at reducing the overall use (and abuse) of antimicrobials in both the human medical and livestock sectors. The agricultural sector accounts for about two-thirds of the EU’s total antimicrobial consumption, the remaining one-third within the human medical sector. However, there are major differences in the amount of antimicrobial consumption (and levels of AMR) among the EU Member States. The EU is the leading world region in terms of transnational cooperation. EU initiatives to manage consumption of antimicrobials and combat AMR are primarily embedded in the health policy area. However, EU health policy initiatives are limited by the fact that health policy is considered a policy area with national competence and only little transnational competence. This chapter identifies both the potentials and obstacles for EU becoming an important international political actor in combatting AMR.
Global Attention to Antimicrobial Resistance and Climate Change in the Era of Social Media
Authors: Zaman Ahmad Wesal 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This chapter analyses the difference in social media attention of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and climate change. Despite many characteristic similarities between AMR and climate change, the latter has received much higher attention than AMR on social media. Relying on social media and digital methods using big data, combined with interviews and online material, the chapter highlights and explains the difference between the two cases. The chapter applies an iteratively developed conceptual framework, ‘the tripartite dimensions of social media attention’, to analyse the difference. This framework looks at three dimensions of social media engagement, namely, the origins of tweeter attention, the nature of tweets, and the nature of Twitter communities. The chapter finds that the AMR tweeter attention mainly originates from organizations such as World Health Organization (WHO) and the expert community, while climate change tweeter attention originates from much more complex and dispersed users. many of whom are non-expert individuals. The digital individual entrepreneurs of climate change communicate in a dramatic and aesthetic manner, while the AMR digital individual users are limited to scientific communications. The nature of communities of climate change and AMR differ in their ideological homogeneity and heterogeneity. While climate change communities are highly polarized, AMR communities are neither ideologically polarized nor in disagreement scientifically.
The Policy Context for Responses to Antimicrobial Resistance in India
Authors: Rajkhowa Arjun , Thursky Karin , Rajkhowa Kabir 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The role of government-led stewardship of policy on the public health priority of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) control and mitigation has been explicitly recognized through international frameworks and action plans endorsed at multilateral and inter-governmental forums. India has been described in the biomedical literature as a key node in the global AMR crisis. This chapter examines the policy and governance context for AMR mitigation in India. Applying the analytical concepts of ‘sentinel’ and ‘actuarial’ frames in biopolitical discourses about AMR, the chapter highlights facets of the strategic framing of existing AMR policy and governance documents, and describes reported national initiatives as well as policy implementation challenges. It makes the case for qualitative research with stakeholders to identify contemporary challenges and opportunities in policy translation and communication of strategy in the AMR domain in India.
Challenges of Global Governance
Authors: Damodaran A. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Many world leaders and international organizations have expounded on the challenges of globalization. While a few leaders have shifted their perspectives from a cosmopolitan approach of ‘universal values’ and ‘world order’ to the more fundamental issue of addressing the requisites of national development, multilateral institutions like the UN and the World Bank have gone the other way—from international and national priorities to global concerns. The simple reality is that nation-states and local communities have, in some parts of the world, demonstrated that with good governance, it is possible to withstand the threats of globalization while optimizing on its advantages, namely, greater access to overseas capital and technologies. Lessons from the corporate world on ‘social responsibility’ hold valuable lessons for nation-states to improve their efforts to nurture social capital. The argument here is that circulation of elites, dis-intermediation, localization, and non-complexity form the key social enablers that help nation-states of the developing world to optimize their returns from globalization.
COVID-19 as Global Commons
Authors: Damodaran A. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This chapter surveys the origins of COVID-19 and discusses the constraints and limitations that the global community faced in managing the pandemic. The chapter argues that the most telling failure of global COVID management systems was the inability of international public organizations to comply with the maxims of equity and fairness when it came to providing vaccines to the poor countries of Africa and Asia and South America. In particular, the chapter focusses on the failure of COVID-19 vaccine distribution logistics and the resultant global social costs it engendered. The formation of a permanent Global Pandemic Management Fund is advocated which could be utilized to support the COVAX facility to procure vaccines and related life savings materials for poorer countries during pandemics. It is suggested that the proposed WHO Treaty on Pandemics should be free from the instrumentalism associated with other global commons accords, in order to be results oriented.
Seeking Connections
Authors: Barrett Janet Revell 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Seeking Connections: An Interdisciplinary Perspective on Music Teaching and Learning emphasizes the relationship of music to closely related fields of study. The book’s central purpose is to illustrate the principle of permeability—that music influences, and is influenced by, other realms of knowing. Music educators who adopt an interdisciplinary perspective create educative experiences that encourage boundary-crossing explorations of music integrated with complementary realms of students’ lives. Interdisciplinarity in this sense is less about how school subjects are organized than it is about cultivating curiosity, imagination, and habits of mind for seeking connections and encouraging relational thinking. The perspective also seeks to foster the creation of meaning, creative and critical thinking, historical empathy, and teachers’ agency through integrating subject matter, pedagogy, and assessment toward these ends. Examples from settings ranging from elementary school through higher education portray curricular projects involving music, visual art, poetry, and history, and provide profiles of teachers and artists who embrace disciplinary and interdisciplinary aims in complementary ways. By highlighting the relationships of music to closely related areas of study, and by emphasizing fluidity and responsiveness in curriculum-making, music education may become better aligned with the lived experience of teachers and students, and with the dynamic presence of music in society at large.