bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Elucidating the Biological Potential and DNA Protective Activities of Astragalus tokatensis Fisch: Gas Chromatography‐Mass Spectrometry and Liquid Chromatography‐High Resolution Mass Spectrometry‐Based Characterization and Molecular Docking Studies
Authors: Selvi Bedrettin , Zanbak Nahide Kübra 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAstragalus tokatensis Fisch. is a local endemic species, and no studies have been conducted on this species. Hexane, dichloromethane, methanol, and water extracts were obtained from the roots, leaves, and flowers of A. tokatensis. The phytochemical analyses of hexane and methanol extracts were identified and characterized using gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (GC‐MS) and liquid chromatography‐high resolution mass spectrometry (LC‐HRMS), respectively, for the first time. A total of 11 fatty acids and eight flavonoid derivatives were detected by GC‐MS and LC‐HRMS analyses, respectively. The total antioxidant level (TAL) and total oxidant level (TOL) of the extracts were investigated. TAL and TOL values were expressed as mM Trolox equiv/L and µM H2O2 equiv/L, respectively. İt was determined that all extracts showed high antioxidant activity according to reference value >2.0, and the highest antioxidant activity was found in the water extract of the leaf with 4.292 mM Trolox equiv/L. In addition, the α‐amylase enzyme activity of all the extracts was examined, and it was found that the extracts had no significant effect on α‐amylase activity. In addition, the DNA‐protective activities of the leaf and flower extracts were determined by gel electrophoresis, and it was observed that all flower extracts had high DNA‐protective activity. Moreover, Docking assays showed that the limited interactions of sinapinic acid and salicylic acid, the most abundant in the methanol extracts, with α‐amylase, supported the weak inhibitory effects observed experimentally in the methanol extracts.
Design and Room‐Temperature Synthesis of a Multipurpose and Sustainable Heterogeneous Catalyst Decorated with Lewis Acidic Metal Sites and Dangling Pyridyl Groups
Authors: Chanda Alokananda , Mandal Sanjay K. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIn this work, we report a 2D metal‐organic framework with dangling pyridine groups, {[Cd2(4‐tpom)2(oxdz)2(H2O)2]·4H2O}n (1), has been synthesized using a flexible N‐donor linker, 4‐tpom (tetrakis(4‐pyridyloxymethylene)methane), and a bent dicarboxylate, oxdz2−(4,4′‐(1,3,4‐oxadiazole‐2,5‐diyl)‐dibenzoate), to demonstrate its multipurpose as a bifunctional heterogeneous catalyst. Its thermal (up to 332 °C) and chemical stability in water and methanol and at different pH levels (5, 7.4, 9) provides sustainability for any application. Its structural features and properties are well established by elemental analysis, powder X‐ray diffraction (PXRD), various spectroscopic/microscopic techniques, and geometry optimization. With unsaturated metal centers as the Lewis acidic sites and uncoordinated nitrogen/oxygen atoms as the Lewis/Bronsted basic sites, a very low catalyst loading (1.5 mol%) of activated 1 is found to be sufficient to catalyze two important C─C bond‐forming reactions at room temperature: a) the cyanosilylation reaction converting benzaldehyde to trimethyl silyl ether (100% in 5 h) under solvent‐free conditions, and b) the Knoevenagel‐intramolecular cyclization reaction for converting salicylaldehyde to coumarin‐3‐carboxylic acid in methanol (99% in 1 h). Notably, this is the first time the same catalyst has been utilized for these two reactions, demonstrating its multipurpose nature. Furthermore, the spent catalyst is recyclable for multiple cycles, maintaining its structural integrity established via FTIR spectroscopy and PXRD.
Measuring the size of oil droplets in a flow cytometer using Mie resonances: A possible size calibration ladder for 0.5–6 μm
Authors: Cavicchi Richard E. , Ripple Dean C. , Welsh Joshua A. , Izac Jerilyn R. , Peterson Alexander W. , Goldfain Aaron M. , Vreeland Wyatt N. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAn emulsion of silicone oil droplets in aqueous buffer produces a distinctive series of peaks or resonances in the side scatter histogram in a flow cytometer. As many as 12 peaks are observed in the violet‐side scatter channel at 405 nm, with half that number observed in the blue side scatter channel at 488 nm. Using the index of refraction of the oil and buffer, the wavelength of light, and the collection angle and gain of the instrument, we assign the peaks to specific diameters at which Mie resonances occur. With the close match for the index of refraction of silicone oil (n = 1.417 at 405 nm) to biological materials, these resonances could form the basis of a finely spaced size calibration ladder in the range 0.5–6 μm for estimating the size of biological particles in a flow cytometer. Resonances were also observed using mineral oil (n = 1.483 at 405 nm) suggesting that investigating and modeling resonances for emulsion systems may be useful for understanding these systems.
Microsatellite and Mitochondrial COI Provide Novel Insights Into the Population Genetic Structure of White Prunicola Scale (Pseudaulacaspis prunicola) in China
Authors: Niu Minmin , Fu Dengen , Wang Haoyang , Liu Yun , Du Xuanxing , Zhao Qing , Wei Jiufeng 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe white prunicola scale Pseudaulacaspis prunicola (Maskell) is an important pest of fruit and ornamental plants, characterised by its wide distribution, broad host range and distinct biological traits. In this study, a comprehensive population genetic analysis of P. prunicola in China was conducted, focusing on genetic diversity, genetic structure, relationships among geographical populations, and population dynamics. Microsatellite molecular and mitochondrial COI markers were used to examine the genetic diversity and structure of 19 P. prunicola populations across 10 provinces in China. The results revealed low genetic diversity and limited gene flow among populations. A clear geographic genetic structure was identified, with the 19 populations being, divided into four distinct groups, showing a pronounced north–south distribution pattern. Significant genetic differentiation was observed between these groups, with minimal gene exchange. COI‐based diversity analyses produced results similar to those obtained from the microsatellite markers. These findings provide valuable insights into the distribution and spread of P. prunicola in China and may help inform the development of effective and targeted pest control strategies.
Circulating growth differentiation factor‐15 levels are associated with early echocardiographic signs of diastolic function impairment in the STANISLAS cohort: A 20‐year follow‐up study
Authors: Monzo Luca , Xhaard Constance , Ferreira João Pedro , Baudry Guillaume , Lamiral Zohra , Duarte Kevin , Bozec Erwan , Boivin Jean‐Marc , Huttin Olivier , Rossignol Patrick , Zannad Faiez , Girerd Nicolas 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAimsEarly identification of healthy subjects prone to develop cardiac dysfunction may be instrumental to prevention strategies. Our study aimed to evaluate whether circulating levels of growth differentiation factor‐15 (GDF‐15) could predict adverse changes in echocardiographic indexes of cardiac structure and function in an initially healthy populational familial cohort with a long follow‐up (STANISLAS cohort).Methods and resultsWe evaluated 1679 participants (49 ± 14 years, 48% males) included in the fourth visit (V4) of the STANISLAS cohort with available GDF‐15 measurements (Olink proteomic analysis) and echocardiographic parameters. Among them, 1562 had also GDF‐15 measurements at the first visit (V1) (18.2 ± 1.4 years before V4). We evaluated both prospective (GDF‐15 at V1) and cross‐sectional (GDF‐15 at V4) associations between GDF‐15 levels and echocardiographic variables. In adjusted analyses, higher baseline GDF‐15 levels were associated with lower left ventricular (LV) end‐diastolic volume and higher E/e' ratio nearly two decades later (both p ≤ 0.01). The cross‐sectional analysis at V4 also found significant associations between GDF‐15 and LV end‐diastolic volume and higher E/e' ratio, further identifying significant associations with impaired LV strain.ConclusionIn the STANISLAS cohort, initial circulating GDF‐15 levels were associated with echocardiographic signs of reduced LV size and increased filling pressure almost two decades later. This association was also confirmed by evaluating GDF‐15 at the follow‐up visit (V4). These findings suggest a potential role for GDF‐15 as an easy screening and prognostic tool of diastolic dysfunction in the general population.
Aerodynamic Phenomena of Controlling Passive Flow of a Time‐Independent Ground Vehicle Under the Scope of Optimally Slanted Rear Wing‐Spoiler Combination
Authors: Abid Abyaz 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTNotwithstanding the abundance of different expository efforts by the engineers and scientists of the aerodynamic—transonic domain for the ever‐beseeched question of whether a supercar needs a rear spoiler or a rear wing, the query requires further exploration to come to any satisfactory conclusion. This state‐of‐the‐art bottleneck area is considered as the prime motivation of the paper as it seeks to investigate the aerodynamic phenomena of a notchback type supercar configuration with two different series of modifications—one with a rear spoiler attachment and the other one with a rear wing attached. A simplified Nissan Skyline GT34R CAD model is taken as the base ground vehicle for the computational study while the slant angles of both the rear wing and rear spoiler are changed within the range of 10° to 45°. RANS based k‐omega SST turbulence model is used to find the optimal slant angles for the corresponding rear wing and spoiler in terms of drag and lift coefficients, drag and lift force and rolling moment. The modified models with optimally slanted rear wing and rear spoiler along with the base configuration are inspected under different visualization techniques for understanding the aerodynamic phenomena. Contour and vector plots reveal that rear wing attached model has the maximum pressure drop along and over its body showing a sharp increase of 13.7% when compared with the rear spoiler attached model. Aftereffects show that both the turbulent intensity and Y+ wall shear stress is found to be most economical for the rear spoiler attached model, approximately 1.52% and 0.98% less than the base notchback model. Considering, overall aerodynamic performance of all the three proposed notchback type supercar configurations—the one with a rear spoiler attachment is found to be the most equipped one to integrate into future research.
Unlocking the Power of Gene Banks: Diversity in Base Growth Temperature Provides Opportunities for Climate‐Smart Agriculture
Authors: Gambart Clara , Van Wesemael Jelle , Swennen Rony , Tardieu François , Carpentier Sebastien 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTImplementation of context‐specific solutions, including cultivation of varieties adapted to current and future climatic conditions, have been found to be effective in establishing resilient, climate‐smart agricultural systems. Gene banks play a pivotal role in this. However, a large fraction of the collections remains neither genotyped nor phenotyped. Hypothesizing that significant genotypic diversity in Musa temperature responses exists, this study aimed to assess the diversity in the world's largest banana gene bank in terms of base temperature (Tbase) and to evaluate its impact on plant performance in the East African highlands during a projected climate scenario. One hundred and sixteen gene bank accessions were evaluated in the BananaTainer, a tailor‐made high throughput phenotyping installation. Plant growth was quantified in response to temperature and genotype‐specific Tbase were modelled. Growth responses of two genotypes were validated under greenhouse conditions, and gas exchange capacity measurements were made. The model confirmed genotype‐specific Tbase, with 30% of the accessions showing a Tbase below the reference of 14°C. The Mutika/Lujugira subgroup, endemic to the East African highlands, appeared to display a low Tbase, although within subgroup diversity was revealed. Greenhouse validation further showed low temperature sensitivity/tolerance to be related to the photosynthetic capacity. This study, therefore, significantly advances the debate of within species diversity in temperature growth responses, while at the same time unlocking the power of gene banks. Moreover, with this case study on banana, we provide a high throughput method to reveal the existing genotypic diversity in temperature responses, paving the way for future research to establish climate‐smart varieties.
Design and Development of a Web‐Based Registry for Outpatient Rehabilitation: A Delphi Multi‐Disciplinary, Expert Consensus Study
Authors: Mousavi Baigi Seyyedeh Fatemeh , Sarbaz Masoumeh , Sobhani‐Rad Davood , Nazary‐Moghadam Salman , Heravian Shandiz Javad , Ghaddaripouri Kosar , Norouzi Aval Reyhane , Kimiafar Khalil 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackground and AimsThe goal of this research was to create a minimum data set (MDS) and design a web‐based registry for outpatient rehabilitation, focusing on four disciplines: speech therapy, audiology, optometry, and physical therapy. The registry was intended to enhance assessment, guide optimal care, and provide value‐based and evidence‐based rehabilitation management for patients.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study utilized the Delphi technique at Mashhad University of Medical Sciences in northeastern Iran from 2022 to 2023. First, the PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science databases were searched in an untimed systematic review. Additional information was gathered from websites and forms related to rehabilitation systems. Coding guidelines were derived from the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health. A questionnaire containing data elements of outpatient rehabilitation was developed based on the systematic reviews. The data items were validated in two stages using the Delphi approach. Subsequently, an MDS and a web‐based registry were designed for outpatient rehabilitation.ResultsThe study included 25 eligible articles, 6 websites, and 24 forms to establish the rehabilitation MDS. A total of 470 information elements were extracted from the systematic review and rehabilitation registries. Through two rounds of the Delphi technique, 423 data elements were refined. The MDS was categorized into basic information and specialized information. Basic information comprised 12 subcategories of demographic details, socioeconomic information, referral information, service provider information, follow‐up information, death information, history, past medical history, environmental factors, treatment measures, rehabilitation measures, and assessment of body systems; specialized information included four subcategories of optometry information, audiology information, physiotherapy information, and speech therapy information. Following the finalization of the MDS, a web‐based registry for outpatient rehabilitation was created.ConclusionThis work offers a combined MDS that reflects the priorities and viewpoints of multidisciplinary experts for an outpatient rehabilitation registry that aids in clinical decision‐making.
Aggressive characteristics of tumor deposits in colorectal cancer highlight the need for staging refinement in patients with 0–3 metastatic lymph nodes
Authors: Hu Xi'e , Xie Shuang , Yang Zhenyu , Zhao Xin , Gong Li , Yang Ping , Yang Lin , Wang Shoujia , Bao Guoqiang , He Xianli 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAccurate staging is essential for the optimal management of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). The role of tumor deposits (TDs) in CRC staging has been contentious due to a lack of comprehensive understanding of their clinical and biological traits. In this retrospective study, we analyzed large data from 5718 CRC patients diagnosed between 2011 and 2022, ensuring rigorous data collection and long‐term follow‐up. Patients with positive TDs displayed aggressive clinical features. The risk factors for TDs varied among patients with different backgrounds of lymph node (LN) involvement, and the numbers of TDs and metastatic LNs showed a significantly positive correlation. TDs significantly impacted CRC prognosis, resulting in unfavorable outcomes irrespective of LN status. To delve into the biological characteristics of TDs, we performed transcriptome sequencing, immunohistochemistry, and Kaplan–Meier analyses on tissue samples from the additional CRC cohort and The Cancer Genome Atlas datasets. TDs exhibited aggressive biological phenotypes that were distinct from primary tumors and metastatic LNs, characterized by elevated signatures of epithelial‐mesenchymal transition, angiogenesis, and immune suppression. Cox proportional hazards analysis was then applied to reassess the appropriate role of TDs within the TNM staging system, revealing that the prognostic weightiness of TDs in CRC corresponded to N2a rather than N1 in patients with 0–3 LN metastases. Overall, our comprehensive analysis showed that TDs, with their aggressive clinical and biological characteristics, could optimize the staging of CRC, highlighting the need to refine their role within the TNM staging system.
3D‐printed patient‐specific instrumentation and the freehand technique in high‐tibial osteotomy: A prospective cohort‐comparative study in an outpatient setting
Authors: Grillo Giovanni , Coelho Alexandre , Pelfort Xavier , Fillat‐Gomà Ferran , Figuerola Arnau Verdaguer , Gil‐Gonzalez Sergi , Peñalver Juan Manuel , Yela‐Verdú Christian 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPurposeTibial valgus osteotomy has shown to be a successful and cost‐effective procedure. The advent of image processing and three‐dimensional (3D) printing is an interesting tool for achieving more accurate and reproducible results. The aim of our study was to compare the accuracy of the conventional technique and the use of customized guides in the correction of tibial deformities in tibial varus patients, the surgical and clinical benefits, and the impact of treatment in the outpatient setting.MethodsA prospective cohort of 30 patients who underwent tibial valgus osteotomy were selected and randomized into two groups (3D‐printed guidewires and conventional techniques). All patients underwent a complete radiological study to plan the surgical procedure. During the surgical procedure, the surgical time and X‐ray exposure were analysed. The following results were evaluated: surgical time and X‐ray exposure, the correlation between the planned correction and the correction obtained at 3 post‐operative months, pre‐ and post‐operative knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score (KOOS) value at 3 and 12 months, and differences between the two groups in terms of the correction obtained.ResultsRadiation exposure in the ‘3D‐guide’ group was significantly different (8 [±4.51], p < 0.05), whereas surgical time was not significantly different between the control and guide 3D groups (60.69 [±8.89] and 53.43 [±11.69], respectively). At the 3‐month follow‐up, the post‐operative hip–knee–ankle and post‐operative mechanical–proximal–tibial angle were not significantly different (p > 0.05). At 3‐ and 12‐month post‐surgery, the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) did not significantly differ between the conventional technique and the 3D‐guide technique (p > 0.05). The KOOS at 3 months were 87.86 (±5.64) for the control group and 88.46 (±3.53) for the 3D‐guide group, while at 12 months they were 91.5 (±5.72) for the control group and 88.57 (±8.81) for the 3D‐guide group.ConclusionCustomized 3D‐printed guides do not permit better correction or functional results than the conventional technique; rather, they reduce surgical time and intraoperative radiation exposure.Level of EvidenceII.
A Qualitative Study of Attitudes Toward HPV Vaccine Recommendation in Otolaryngology Clinics
Authors: Janio Emily A. , Walker Cori , Steere Eliza , Seaman Aaron T. , Askelson Natoshia , Pagedar Nitin A. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe incidence of human papillomavirus (HPV)‐related oropharyngeal cancers has increased such that they are now the most prevalent HPV‐related cancer. In 2020, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) expanded the indication for Gardasil‐9 to include the prevention of oropharyngeal and other head and neck cancers caused by selected HPV types, but uptake remains low. Otolaryngology office interactions may provide opportunities to increase uptake, given the relevance of HPV to clinical practice. This study explored the feasibility of recommending HPV vaccination in otolaryngology clinics.MethodsParticipants were recruited between February to June of 2022 from the alumni of the residency and fellowship training programs at the University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics. Participant interviews comprised open‐ended questions pertaining to otolaryngologists' attitudes toward HPV vaccination recommendation. Interview recordings were transcribed, coded, and analyzed for themes.ResultsParticipants were willing to respond if patients asked about the HPV vaccine, although a common attitude toward vaccine discussions was that they were a pediatrician's responsibility. One barrier to recommending HPV vaccination was providers' concern that discussing the vaccine when not directly relevant to the patient's chief complaint could result in patient frustration. Nevertheless, participants endorsed the feasibility of discussing the vaccine during follow‐up visits after the patient's needs had been addressed or via the distribution of educational materials to patients.ConclusionOtolaryngologists do not currently identify recommending HPV vaccine uptake as their clinical responsibility. While such recommendations may not be feasible in every patient encounter, there could be a role for this in the appropriate clinical scenario. These findings can be used to inform interventions aimed at recommending the vaccine in otolaryngology clinics.
Unleashing the Power of Covalent Drugs for Protein Degradation
Authors: Fu Meng‐Jie , Jin Hang , Wang Shao‐Peng , Shen Liang , Liu Hong‐Min , Liu Ying , Zheng Yi‐Chao , Dai Xing‐Jie 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTTargeted protein degradation (TPD) has emerged as a significant therapeutic approach for a variety of diseases, including cancer. Advances in TPD techniques, such as molecular glue (MG) and lysosome‐dependent strategies, have shown substantial progress since the inception of the first PROTAC in 2001. The PROTAC methodology represents the forefront of TPD technology, with ongoing evaluation in more than 20 clinical trials for the treatment of diverse medical conditions. Two prominent PROTACs, ARV‐471 and ARV‐110, are currently undergoing phase III and II clinical trials, respectively. Traditional PROTACs are encountering obstacles such as limited binding affinity and a restricted range of E3 ligase ligands for facilitating the protein of interest (POI) degradation. Covalent medicines offer the potential to enhance PROTAC efficacy by enabling the targeting of previously considered “undruggable” shallow binding sites. Strategic alterations allow PROTAC to establish covalent connections with particular target proteins, including Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS), Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), as well as E3 ligases such as DDB1 and CUL4 associated factor 16 (DCAF16) and Kelch‐like ECH‐associated protein 1 (Keap1). The concept of covalent degradation has also been utilized in various new forms of degraders, including covalent molecule glue (MG), in‐cell click‐formed proteolysis targeting chimera (CLIPTAC), HaloPROTAC, lysosome‐targeting chimera (LYTAC) and GlueTAC. This review focuses on recent advancements in covalent degraders beyond covalent PROTACs and examines obstacles and future directions pertinent to this field.