bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DEVELOPMENT OF CHARACTER STRENGTHENING IMPLEMENTATION GUIDELINES FOR STUDENTS
Authors: Sahabuddin Erma Suryani , Haling Abdul , Pertiwi Nurlita 
Published: April 2023

Character is the values of goodness that have become a habit in action, which is a person's personality formed as a result of applying the various virtues. Character is a good mental trait that is shown when behaving politely, generously, forgiving, full of love, willing to sacrifice, appealing to humor, not excessive, and always obedient and pious. Character education focuses on implementing good values either in actions or behavior. Thus, character education is a process of forming habits in applying good values including the formation of moral knowing, moral feeling, and moral action. This research aims to develop a guidebook for implementing the strengthening of character education to solve moral dilemmas for students. The developed guidebook is expected to have validity and practicality in instilling good values for students. The research type is research development. The subjects of this research consisted of value education experts, lecturers, and students. Data were obtained by using interviews, documentation, and questionnaire techniques. Data analysis techniques used qualitative and quantitative analysis. The results showed that the character values for developing a guidebook for strengthening the character education consisted of five main characteristics, including behavior, diligence, cleanliness, neatness, and discipline. Additionally, those characteristics can be applied through intra-curricular, co-curricular, extra-curricular, and non-curricular activities. The test results of the guidebook were valid, and the results of the responses from prospective users showed that the Graduate Competency Standards, Content Standards, and Program Descriptions and assessment were in highly great qualifications. The results of this research were expected to meet the demands of providing a guidebook for strengthening the character education that can be used by lecturers and students in the implementation of strengthening of the character education at the Faculty of Education, The State University of Makassar.
Keywords: Development research, Guidebooks, Strengthening Character Education, Students
Standardized Skill Description
Authors: Riedel Jana , Neumann Jörg , Stark Lydia 
Published: April 2023

Das Poster setzt sich mit der Nutzung standardisierter Kompetenzbeschreibungen auseinander. Dabei werden Erfahrungen aus dem Projekt MyEduLife (https://myedulife.de) im Umgang mit ESCO (european skills competences and occupations taxonomy) aufgegriffen und der Lösungsansatz einer Wallet inkl. der Speicherung der Daten in der Blockchain vorgestellt.
Zum Poster gehört ein mehrseitiger Abstract.
Vorgestellt wurde das Poster auf der TASK VI Tagung des IAB in Nürnberg.
Perfiles de autoeficacia docente y conocimiento especializado para la enseñanza de las matemáticas
Authors: Avilés-Canché Karen , Marbán Prieto José María 
Published: April 2023

Initial teacher training is a decisive process in the purpose of moving towards fully inclusive schools through, in particular, training processes that facilitate the removal of barriers to learning, including those that originate in the teacher him/herself. In this sense, this study focuses on the perceived self-efficacy of primary school teachers in initial training from the perspective of the MTSK model of Mathematics Teacher Specialized Knowledge. Based on affective scales together with two self-efficacy scales designed ad hoc, and duly validated, and through a hierarchical cluster analysis, we proceeded to identify different profiles of teachers in initial training on a sample of 161 first year students of the Degree in Primary Education at the University of Valladolid. The results show three profiles with well-defined characteristics that can be useful as a diagnosis of the situation but, above all, as a starting point for the design of teaching-learning processes that adequately address the three profiles allowing their evolution throughout the initial training towards states that do not pose an obstacle to the full development of the teacher as a professional trained for a full inclusive mathematics education.
La formación inicial del profesorado es un proceso determinante en el propósito de avanzar hacia escuelas plenamente inclusivas a través, en particular, de procesos de capacitación que faciliten la supresión de barreras para el aprendizaje, incluidas las que tienen su origen en el propio docente. En este sentido, este estudio dirige su mirada hacia la autoeficacia percibida del profesorado de Primaria en formación inicial desde la óptica del modelo MTSK de Conocimiento Especializado del Profesor de Matemáticas. Apoyándose en escalas afectivas conjuntamente con sendas escalas de autoeficacia diseñadas ad hoc, y debidamente validadas, y a través de un análisis de conglomerados jerárquicos, se procede a identificar diferentes perfiles de profesorado en formación inicial sobre una muestra de 161 estudiantes de primer curso del Grado en Educación Primaria de la Universidad de Valladolid. Los resultados muestran tres perfiles con características bien definidas que pueden resultar útiles como diagnóstico de situación pero, sobre todo, como punto de partida para el diseño de procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje que atiendan adecuadamente a los tres perfiles, permitiendo su evolución a lo largo de la formación inicial hacia estados que no supongan obstáculo para el completo desarrollo del profesorado como profesional capacitado para una educación matemática inclusiva plena.
Historical Redlining, Social Determinants of Health, and Stroke Prevalence in Communities in New York City
Authors: Jadow Benjamin M. , Hu Liangyuan , Zou Jungang , Labovitz Daniel , Ibeh Chinwe , Ovbiagele Bruce , Esenwa Charles 
Published: April 2023

ImportanceHistorical redlining was a discriminatory housing policy that placed financial services beyond the reach of residents in inner-city communities. The extent of the impact of this discriminatory policy on contemporary health outcomes remains to be elucidated.ObjectiveTo evaluate the associations among historical redlining, social determinants of health (SDOH), and contemporary community-level stroke prevalence in New York City.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsAn ecological, retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted using New York City data from January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2018. Data from the population-based sample were aggregated on the census tract level. Quantile regression analysis and a quantile regression forests machine learning model were used to determine the significance and overall weight of redlining in relation to other SDOH on stroke prevalence. Data were analyzed from November 5, 2021, to January 31, 2022.ExposuresSocial determinants of health included race and ethnicity, median household income, poverty, low educational attainment, language barrier, uninsurance rate, social cohesion, and residence in an area with a shortage of health care professionals. Other covariates included median age and prevalence of diabetes, hypertension, smoking, and hyperlipidemia. Weighted scores for historical redlining (ie, the discriminatory housing policy in effect from 1934 to 1968) were computed using the mean proportion of original redlined territories overlapped on 2010 census tract boundaries in New York City.Main Outcomes and MeasuresStroke prevalence was collected from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 500 Cities Project for adults 18 years and older from 2014 to 2018.ResultsA total of 2117 census tracts were included in the analysis. After adjusting for SDOH and other relevant covariates, the historical redlining score was independently associated with a higher community-level stroke prevalence (odds ratio [OR], 1.02 [95% CI, 1.02-1.05]; P &amp;lt; .001). Social determinants of health that were positively associated with stroke prevalence included educational attainment (OR, 1.01 [95% CI, 1.01-1.01]; P &amp;lt; .001), poverty (OR, 1.01 [95% CI, 1.01-1.01]; P &amp;lt; .001), language barrier (OR, 1.00 [95% CI, 1.00-1.00]; P &amp;lt; .001), and health care professionals shortage (OR, 1.02 [95% CI, 1.00-1.04]; P = .03).Conclusions and RelevanceThis cross-sectional study found that historical redlining was associated with modern-day stroke prevalence in New York City independently of contemporary SDOH and community prevalence of some relevant cardiovascular risk factors.
An Efficient One‐Arrow‐Two‐Hawks Strategy Achieves High Efficiency and Stable Batch Variance for Benzodifuran‐based Polymer Solar Cells
Authors: Zheng Bing , Yue Yuchen , Ni Jianling , Zhou Xucong , He Yongrui , Gui Xiaoman , Shen Han , Jing Yanan , Zhao Jince , Zhang Jianqi , Zhang Yuan , Wang Jingxia , Jiang Lei , Huo Lijun 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWith the development of organic solar cells (OSCs), the high‐performance and stable batch variance are becoming a new challenge for designing polymer donors. To obtain high photovoltaic performance, adopting polymers with high molecular weight as donors is an ordinary strategy. However, the high molecular weight need to subtly control the reaction time and state, inevitably caused batch‐to‐batch variations. Herein, a strategy of steric effect is applied to benzodifuran (BDF)‐based polymer by introducing different positions of Cl atom, producing two polymers PBDFCl‐1 and PBDFCl‐2. The more twisted side chains conformation not only achieve the control of moderate molecular weight for PBDFCl‐2, but also easily form molecular stacking through adopting BDF unit and maintain sufficient polymeric crystallinity. Due to the optimized stacking mode and good blend miscibility, PBDFCl‐2‐based device exhibitsa more elegant power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 17.00% compared to PBDFCl‐1‐based device. This is the highest efficiency record for BDF‐based binary OSCs. Meanwhile, the PCE device variation of the different molecular weights for PBDFCl‐2 is little, indicating the reduction of the batch variation. Therefore, smartly using steric effect of Cl atom in strong crystalline BDF unit can form efficient molecular stacking regulations and realize the coordination of high‐performance and stable batch variance.
Conductive Korean Traditional Paper (Hanji) Coupled with Ag Nanowire for Functional Electronic Paper Windows in Hanok
Authors: Kim Yong Jun , Choi Seo‐Yun , Shin Hak , Kim Han‐Ki 
Published: April 2023

AbstractKorean traditional paper known as Hanji is coupled with Ag nanowires (NWs) to be used as multi‐functional paper windows in wooden flame doors of a traditional Korean house (Hanok). The Ag NW is uniformly embedded in a handmade Hanji, consisting of multiple laminated sheets formed through ssangbal filtering up and spray method. The combination demonstrates a low sheet resistance of 28 Ohm square−1because of a percolating network structure of Ag NWs, which is apt for interconnectors and electrodes. Owing to the flexibility of the Hanji and Ag NWs, outstanding mechanical flexibility, apt for curved or flexible electronic paper windows, is observed. To further examine the potential of the multi‐functional electronic paper window, anti‐bacterial and electromagnetic interference shield properties of the Hanji are also investigated. It is noted that the functional Hanji sterilizes 99.9% of staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumonia and shows 15 dB (12–18 GHz) shielding efficiency due to the existence of the metallic Ag NWs network. In addition, successful operation of Hanji‐based interconnectors, thin film heaters, and touch panels demonstrates that the Hanji‐based electronic paper window can be used as a device‐integrated paper window in traditional Hanok or oriental traditional houses.
Multifunctional Anti‐Corrosive Interface Modification for Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Liu Naihe , Xiong Jian , He Zhen , Yuan Changlai , Dai Junqian , Zhang Yongsong , Zhou Changrong , Zhang Xiaowen , Li Lin , Wang Dongjie , Zhang Zheling , Huang Yu , Dai Qilin , Zhang Jian 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe interface stability and non‐radiative recombination loss of the cathode interface greatly limit the stability and performance of inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Here, an efficient multifunctional anti‐corrosive interface modification strategy based on 2,2′‐(1,3‐phenylene)‐bis[5‐(4‐tert‐butylphenyl)‐1,3,4‐oxadiazole] (OXD‐7) is proposed to overcome the cathode interface issues. OXD‐7 molecules chemically coordinate to the Ag electrode and form a chemically stable complex film of OXD7‐Ag, which suppresses halide ion migration and thus enhances the corrosion resistance of the electrode as well. In addition, the trap density of perovskite film, PCBM/Ag interfaces contact, the built‐in potential, moisture resistance, as well as the unfavorable interface exciton dissociation elimination of the devices, are also improved with the OXD‐7 arrangement upon PCBM film, which correspondingly enhances the device performance and stability. Bidirectional halide ion migration and the ITO corrosion are observed, which is also suppressed by the OXD‐7 modification. The high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 21.84% and the high fill factor (≈84.63%) is obtained via this strategy, which is one of the highest PCEs and FFs based on solution‐process MAPbI3/PCBM heterojunctions. The PCE can maintain ≈80% of its initial value after 1080 h at 85 °C with OXD‐7 modification.
Artificial intelligence in farming: Challenges and opportunities for building trust
Authors: Gardezi Maaz , Joshi Bhavna , Rizzo Donna M. , Ryan Mark , Prutzer Edward , Brugler Skye , Dadkhah Ali 
Published: April 2023

AbstractArtificial intelligence (AI) represents technologies with human‐like cognitive abilities to learn, perform, and make decisions. AI in precision agriculture (PA) enables farmers and farm managers to deploy highly targeted and precise farming practices based on site‐specific agroclimatic field measurements. The foundational and applied development of AI has matured considerably over the last 30 years. The time is now right to engage seriously with the ethics and responsible practice of AI for the well‐being of farmers and farm managers. In this paper, we identify and discuss both challenges and opportunities for improving farmers’ trust in those providing AI solutions for PA. We highlight that farmers’ trust can be moderated by how the benefits and risks of AI are perceived, shared, and distributed. We propose four recommendations for improving farmers’ trust. First, AI developers should improve model transparency and explainability. Second, clear responsibility and accountability should be assigned to AI decisions. Third, concerns about the fairness of AI need to be overcome to improve human‐machine partnerships in agriculture. Finally, regulation and voluntary compliance of data ownership, privacy, and security are needed, if AI systems are to become accepted and used by farmers.
Facile synthesis of A‐π‐D‐π‐A architecture organic small molecules. Experimental and theoretical investigation of the effect of a π‐conjugated spacer
Authors: Mayarambakam Sasikumar , Busireddy Manohar Reddy , Sekar Karthick , Rao Vaidya Jayathirtha 
Published: April 2023

AbstractUnderstanding the structure‐property relationship is one of the critical factors in the practical design of organic small molecules for bulk heterojunction organic solar cells (BHJ‐OSCs). In this study, we designed and synthesized two low‐band‐gap organic small molecule donors, TRh and PhRh. To study the effect of the π‐conjugated spacer, the A‐π‐D‐π‐A architecture was constructed with an efficient dithienopyrrole donor (D) and rhodanine acceptor (A) units. Two types of π‐conjugated spacers, thiophene in TRh and phenyl in PhRh, are used to fine‐tune the various properties. A detailed investigation of the effect of π‐conjugated spacers on optoelectronic, thermal, and photovoltaic properties have carried out. TRh is planar, more conjugated, has a more prolonged absorption wavelength and leads to a low band gap of 1.48 eV. DFT studies demonstrate that TRh has lower BLA (Bond length alternation) and has more quinoid structure than PhRh. PhRh is thermally more stable than TRh. PhRh displayed a high glass transition temperature (Tg) at 193 °C and a 5% decomposition temperature at 402 °C. The inverted device architecture of BHJ‐OSCs blended with PC71BM displayed the PCE of 2.78% for TRh and 1.10% for PhRh. TRh : PC71BM blend exhibits higher hole and electron mobilities than PhRh : PC71BM blend.
Preparation of chitosan/sodium tripolyphosphate@nano‐silica sol microcapsule suspensions and their application in soybean cyst nematode control
Authors: Hu Xueqing , Yu Xiaobin , Zhang Zhongkai , Han Zhaolian , Jiang Qiushi , Tang Yanning , Cheng Zhiqiang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractFosthiazate is a common insecticide for root‐knot nematode control, but it has a short shelf life and is prone to decomposition. In order to improve the stability and prolong the release time, this experiment used the ionic gel method to cross‐link chitosan with sodium tripolyphosphate and added nano‐silica sol to prepare microcapsules suspensions. The optimal preparation parameters for the preparation of chitosan/sodium tripolyphosphate@nano‐silica sol microcapsulated suspensions were optimized by single factor experiments and response surface analysis, and the encapsulation efficiency reached 61.3%. The highest control effect in greenhouse pots can reach 84.1%, and the optimal concentration was 2 g/m2 mixed with soil, which increased stem length, root length and fresh weight by 81.1%, 47.7% and 62.5%. The study showed that the microcapsules of chitosan cross‐linked with sodium tripolyphosphate and added with nano‐silica sol could significantly prolong the release of Fosthiazate, which also provided a positive effect on soybean cyst nematode control.
φC31 ‐Mediated cassette exchange in Sf9 insect cells for stable expression
Authors: Hu Die , Qian Jingwen , Zhang Tong , Yu Yue , Xu Zhenhe , Zhang Yuanxing , Liu Qin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractInsect cells, especially Sf9 cells, are commonly used in biomanufacturing due to their advantages in high expression levels and post‐translational modification. However, the development of stable expression cell lines via random integration tended to be unstable. Site‐specific integration (SSI) is an alternative strategy. In this study, a φC31 ‐mediated cassette exchange system in Sf9 cells was established for SSI. The tagging cassette with the reporter gene egfp was randomly inserted into the cell genome. Potential platform cell lines were obtained by fluorescence‐activated cell sorting (FACS) and single‐cell cloning. Platform cell lines were selected by assessing the fluorescence expression, stability, and growth kinetics of cell lines. The selected platform cell lines were co‐transfected with the φC31‐containing plasmid and the targeting cassette. Green‐fluorescence‐negative clones were screened by hygromycin resistance and FACS. The resulting cell clones exhibited the expression properties of the platform cell lines. The rapid development of cell lines for the production of influenza subunit vaccines by the cassette exchange system demonstrated that the system constituted a versatile and reusable platform for the production of various recombinant proteins. Overall, the φC31‐mediated cassette exchange system in Sf9 cells has the potential to facilitate and accelerate biologics development.
Electrochemical Characterization of the Periplasmic PpcA c‐Cytochrome of Geobacter sulfurreducens Reveals Its Affinity for Uranium
Authors: Awate Bhushan P. , Worden Robert M. , Reguera Gemma 
Published: April 2023

AbstractGeobacter bacteria produce conductive pili appendages and an outer membrane‐anchored lipopolysaccharide to immobilize uranium extracellularly. Yet, some radionuclide enters the cell envelope, where is rapidly mineralized by periplasmic c‐cytochromes. To investigate this reaction, we constructed cell envelope biomimetic interfaces containing PpcA, the most conserved and abundant periplasmic c‐cytochrome in Geobacter species. Cyclic voltammograms revealed much higher rate constants for uranium than for iron, the natural electron acceptor of Geobacter, independently of the metal‐ligand complexation. These results are consistent with a much higher affinity of PpcA for uranium than for iron, providing a plausible explanation for the rapid mineralization of the radionuclide inside the cell envelope. The studies highlight the value of electrochemical biomimetic interfaces to dissect the contribution of cell envelope cytochromes to metal reduction and identify redox‐active proteins with the affinity needed for sensory applications.
Precursors for the Development of π‐Conjugated Low‐Coordinate Phosphorus Compounds
Authors: Esfandiarfard Keyhan , Arkhypchuk Anna I. , Orthaber Andreas , Ott Sascha 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe synthesis of a novel monomeric precursor and its butadiyne‐bridged dimeric form for the preparation of novel π‐conjugated organophosphorus compounds is presented. The precursors are synthesized from commercially available starting materials, and based on a Dmp (2,6‐dimesitylphenyl) group for kinetic stabilization of the P‐functionality, a bromo substituent for the introduction of the phosphorus center, and an acetylene unit at the para position of the Dmp moiety. Such acetylenic units are synthetically versatile, and can be explored for the construction of larger phosphorus‐containing π‐conjugates. The precursors are utilized to prepare Dmp‐stabilized C,C‐dibromophosphaalkenes, and butadiyne‐bridged dimeric species thereof. The effect of the low‐coordinate phosphorus centers and the extent of π‐conjugation on the spectroscopic and electronic properties is evaluated by NMR and UV/Vis spectroscopy, as well as cyclic voltammetry. In addition to the phosphaalkenes, the successful syntheses of two new diphosphenes are presented, indicating a broad applicability of the precursor.
A non‐isolated high quadratic step‐up converter for fuel cell electric vehicle applications
Authors: Naresh S. V. K. , Peddapati Sankar , Alghaythi Mamdouh L. 
Published: April 2023

SummaryThe fuel cell electric vehicles require a dc‐dc converter as a power interface to match the fuel cell voltage to the dc bus. By considering the soft characteristics of the fuel cell source, this work introduces a non‐isolated high quadratic step‐up (HQSU) converter with a wide‐range voltage gain and continuous source current. The proposed converter comprises two synchronously operated active switches and two inductors; it adopts a switched capacitor cell to improve the voltage gain and reduce the voltage stress of the output side components. Further, this work discusses the HQSU converter in terms of operation, steady‐state analysis, design considerations, and non‐ideal and dynamic analysis. In addition, the comprehensive comparison with recent quadratic converters suggests that the proposed HQSU converter has the advantages of higher voltage gain, high effectiveness index, low total voltage stress, and lower SDP rating, along with common ground and non‐inverted output. Furthermore, a 200 W laboratory prototype is fabricated to validate the theoretical findings. The experimental results confirm the good steady‐state and dynamic behavior of the proposed HQSU converter, which achieved an efficiency of 94.2% at rated power.