bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Overview of Cardiac Rehabilitation following post-acute myocardial infarction in European Society of Cardiology member countries
Authors: Ruivo Jorge , Moholdt Trine , Abreu Ana 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Aims
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is still a leading cause of death and morbidity in Europe and must be addressed through approaches beyond therapeutic interventions and pharmacological management. Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is a comprehensive, individualized, and patient-tailored programme, comprising multidisciplinary interventions. Despite its clinical benefits, cost-effectiveness, and existing guidelines, CR uptake in Europe remains suboptimal and detailed information on its current state is lacking. This centralized pan-European study (Overview of Cardiac Rehabilitation—OCRE) aimed to characterize and advance the knowledge about European Society of Cardiology (ESC) affiliated national CR settings.

Methods and results
An online survey about provision and quality indicators from CR was sent to the network of National CVD Prevention Coordinators of ESC member states, whose answers were supported by published evidence and/or national experts. The OCRE study had a high participation rate (82%). Current positive aspects of CR include low dropout rates and short average start time after myocardial infarction, as well as public funding being standard practice. However, the uptake rate and average duration of CR are still suboptimal, and several countries lack CR mandatory rotation in Cardiology training, guidance documents, national accreditation, and electronic database registries. We also found several barriers to CR guideline implementation, at patient, staff, and healthcare levels.

Conclusions
This study provides a comprehensive characterization of CR in Europe, generating important insight on the current provision and quality of CR in Europe, highlighting its sucesses and shortcomings, and discussing important strategies to overcome current obstacles.
Primary care professionals’ views on population-based expanded carrier screening: an online focus group study
Authors: van den Heuvel Lieke M , Woudstra Anke J , van der Hout Sanne , Jans Suze , Wiersma Tjerk , Dondorp Wybo , Birnie Erwin , Lakeman Phillis , Henneman Lidewij , Plantinga Mirjam , van Langen Irene M 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background
Population-based expanded carrier screening (ECS) involves screening for multiple recessive diseases offered to all couples considering a pregnancy or during pregnancy. Previous research indicates that in some countries primary care professionals are perceived as suitable providers for ECS. However, little is known about their perspectives. We therefore aimed to explore primary care professionals’ views on population-based ECS.

Methods
Four online focus groups with 14 general practitioners (GPs) and 16 community midwives were conducted in the Netherlands.

Results
Our findings highlight various perspectives on the desirability of population-based ECS. Participants agreed that ECS could enhance reproductive autonomy and thereby prevent suffering of the child and/or parents. However, they also raised several ethical, societal, and psychological concerns, including a tendency towards a perfect society, stigmatization, unequal access to screening and negative psychosocial consequences. Participants believed that provision of population-based ECS would be feasible if prerequisites regarding training and reimbursement for providers would be fulfilled. most GPs considered themselves less suitable or capable of providing ECS, in contrast to midwives who did consider themselves suitable. Nevertheless, participants believed that, if implemented, ECS should be offered in primary care or by public health services rather than as hospital-based specialized care, because they believed a primary care ECS offer increases access in terms of time and location.

Conclusions
While participants believed that an ECS offer would be feasible, they questioned its desirability and priority. Studies on the desirability and feasibility of population-based ECS offered in primary care or public health settings are needed.
Job Quality and Job Separation of Direct Care Workers in England
Authors: Vadean Florin , Saloniki Eirini-Christina 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesMost job leavers in the long-term care (LTC) sector in England do not leave the sector, but rather move to other LTC employers. Nevertheless, the high “churn” can have a negative impact on continuity and quality of care, care providers’ recruitment and training costs, and the remaining staff workload and motivation. This study aimed to provide quantitative evidence on the drivers of direct care workers’ job separation in England, with a focus on job quality.Research Design and MethodsWe used yearly data (2016–19) from the Adult Social Care Workforce Data Set, the leading source of LTC workforce data in England, including information on both LTC workers and employers. The analysis considered panel data econometric methods that accounted for unobserved heterogeneity at worker and employer levels.ResultsAfter controlling for observed individual, organizational, and local market characteristics as well as unobserved worker and employer heterogeneity, we found that everything else being equal, wages and employment conditions (i.e., full-time contracts and contracts with guaranteed working hours) significantly reduce job separation. For example, a 10% wage increase from the sample mean would reduce the job separation rate by about 3 percentage points. This wage effect was more than halved (i.e., downward biased) when not accounting for unobserved effects.Discussion and ImplicationsThe persistent high staff turnover in LTC in England highlights the need for finding practical solutions faced by care providers and policy-makers. Our findings showed that improving pay and employment conditions can be the way forward while methodologically stressing the importance of accounting for unobserved variable bias.
Classification of transient triggering mechanisms of aftershocks in the post-seismic phase of the 2017 Pohang earthquake, South Korea
Authors: Lee Sungho , Woo Jeong-Ung , Rhie Junkee 
Published: February 2023

SUMMARY
The 2017 Mw 5.5 Pohang earthquake occurred near an enhanced geothermal system site and generated thousands of aftershocks, the largest of which, a Mw 4.6 earthquake, occurred 87 d after the mainshock. Redistribution of the groundwater pressure perturbed by the mainshock has been suggested as a cause of the post-seismic stress changes triggering several aftershocks, including the time-delayed event. However, to date, possible effects of variations in pore pressure on the aftershock occurrence have not been quantified in this region. Therefore, we conducted poroelastic modelling to evaluate this contribution to spatiotemporal distribution of the aftershocks, including the delayed event, using a fully coupled hydromechanical code. To construct a poroelastic model, a segmented fault geometry and a layered lithological structure were used. In addition, we utilized a kinematic slip model, a split-node algorithm and in-situ properties to simulate reliable coseismic and post-seismic behaviour. Our reference model successfully reproduced coseismic surface deformation in a line-of-sight direction, comparable to the corresponding observation from interferometric synthetic aperture radar, and was calibrated using groundwater measurement in a well. In addition to constructing the reference model, a series of numerical simulations were conducted to explore the effects and sensitivities of various hydraulic conductivities. Finally, the modelled Coulomb stress changes and spatiotemporal distribution of the aftershocks were analysed to elucidate the transient triggering mechanisms based on conditional statements to classify the mechanisms into several subsets. The classification showed that the poroelastic effect driven by depth/conductivity-dependent fluid diffusion is more critical to aftershock occurrence than the diffusion in the entire simulation time, and we propose that the delayed earthquake of Mw 4.6 could be correlated with poroelastic triggering rather than diffusion triggering. Furthermore, we inferred that this poroelastic effect could contribute to decay of aftershocks, particularly relatively small-magnitude aftershocks, as well as slow this decay in bedrocks. However, the proposed model does not explain all of the observed aftershocks, and other driving forces or triggering mechanisms need to be considered.
Quantum mechanics-based seismic energy absorption analysis for hydrocarbon detection
Authors: Xue Ya-juan , Wang Xing-jian , Cao Jun-xing , Liu Zhe-ge , Yang Jia 
Published: February 2023

SUMMARYSeismic attenuation has a considerable impact on resolution reduction and the increase in the dominant frequency period of seismic data. The absorption coefficient estimates, which measure inelastic attenuation, provide a deep understanding of the medium property changes in different geological settings. Conventional absorption coefficient estimation technologies always use time–frequency methods for seismic energy absorption analysis. However, despite continuing efforts to improve the absorption coefficient estimation, the limitation of the time–frequency methods still causes insufficient accuracy of the attenuation estimates, imposing major challenges in oil and gas hydrate exploration. In this study, a quantum mechanics-based seismic absorption coefficient estimation method was proposed for hydrocarbon detection. The seismic data were first projected on a specific basis constructed using the resolution of the Schrödinger equation. Seismic energy absorption analysis was then conducted in the potential-wave function domain. Finally, the quantum absorption coefficient estimates are given by the procedure after using a logarithmic operation and the least-squares fitting method. We examined the merits of these methods using model and field data. The gas reservoir was accurately targeted, which demonstrates that the proposed method has great potential for hydrocarbon detection.
Electromagnetic resolution—a CSEM study based on the Wisting oil field
Authors: Thorkildsen Vemund Stenbekk , Gelius Leiv-J 
Published: February 2023

SUMMARY
We consider marine controlled source electromagnetic (CSEM) data and demonstrate that a typical CSEM survey is associated with significant data redundancy. Thus, it should be possible to obtain a high-quality inversion result by using only a subset of the original data. Moreover, in survey design, effort should be made to optimize the placement of the receivers. This study therefore investigates the challenges of data decimation and survey design in the case of repeated surveys by use of the data resolution matrix and model resolution matrix. A framework of analysis has been developed to efficiently use these quantities. The feasibility of the proposed approach is demonstrated using both synthetic data computed from an interpreted model of the Wisting oil field in the Barents Sea, as well as actual field data from the same oil field.
O-fucosylation of thrombospondin type I repeats is dispensable for trafficking thrombospondin 1 to platelet secretory granules
Authors: Berardinelli Steven J , Sillato Andrew R , Grady Richard C , Neupane Sanjiv , Ito Atsuko , Haltiwanger Robert S , Holdener Bernadette C 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Thrombospondin 1 (THBS1) is a secreted extracellular matrix glycoprotein that regulates a variety of cellular and physiological processes. THBS1’s diverse functions are attributed to interactions between the modular domains of THBS1 with an array of proteins found in the extracellular matrix. THBS1’s three Thrombospondin type 1 repeats (TSRs) are modified with O-linked glucose-fucose disaccharide and C-mannose. It is unknown whether these modifications impact trafficking and/or function of THBS1 in vivo. The O-fucose is added by Protein O-fucosyltransferase 2 (POFUT2) and is sequentially extended to the disaccharide by β3glucosyltransferase (B3GLCT). The C-mannose is added by one or more of four C-mannosyltransferases. O-fucosylation by POFUT2/B3GLCT in the endoplasmic reticulum has been proposed to play a role in quality control by locking TSR domains into their three-dimensional fold, allowing for proper secretion of many O-fucosylated substrates. Prior studies showed the siRNA knockdown of POFUT2 in HEK293T cells blocked secretion of TSRs 1–3 from THBS1. Here we demonstrated that secretion of THBS1 TSRs 1–3 was not reduced by CRISPR-Cas9-mediated knockout of POFUT2 in HEK293T cells and demonstrated that knockout of Pofut2 or B3glct in mice did not reduce the trafficking of endogenous THBS1 to secretory granules of platelets, a major source of THBS1. Additionally, we demonstrated that all three TSRs from platelet THBS1 were highly C-mannosylated, which has been shown to stabilize TSRs in vitro. Combined, these results suggested that POFUT2 substrates with TSRs that are also modified by C-mannose may be less susceptible to trafficking defects resulting from the loss of the glucose-fucose disaccharide.
Neuraminidase 4 (NEU4): new biological and physiological player
Authors: Okun Sarah , Peek Allyson , Igdoura Suleiman A 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Sialidases are found in viruses, bacteria, fungi, avians, and mammals. Mammalian sialidases differ in their specificity, optimum pH, subcellular localization, and tissue expression. To date, four genes encoding mammalian sialidases (NEU1–4) have been cloned. This review examines the functional impact of NEU4 sialidase on complex physiological and cellular processes. The intracellular localization and trafficking of NEU4 and its potential target molecules are discussed along with its impact on cancer, lysosomal storage disease, and cellular differentiation. Modulation of NEU4 expression may be essential not only for the breakdown of sialylated glycoconjugates, but also in the activation or inactivation of functionally important cellular events.
Why do individuals create posts on organizations’ social media pages? Identifications, functions, and audiences beyond the organizational boundary for social change
Authors: Ihm Jennifer 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPrevious research has centered on nonprofit organizations’ (NPOs’) roles in developing relationships with the public and leading collective action. However, individuals may also create posts on NPOs’ social media pages to generate relationships with audiences other than the organization, and to self-mobilize connective action to reach their own goals. Based on content analysis of 576 actual posts and survey responses about them, this study suggests that posters with high organizational identification respond to the focal organizations, while those with high issue identification use the organizational context for their own purposes, disseminating information related to the focal issue to the general population or promoting the issue to their personal networks. This study extends discussions of ramifications of multiple identifications in the social media environment and captures the transformed relationships between organizations and individuals who create posts on NPOs’ social media pages and their new roles in connective action.
The need for public opinion and survey methodology research to embrace preregistration and replication, exemplified by a team’s failure to replicate their own findings on visual cues in grid-type questions
Authors: Lundmark Sebastian , Protzko John , Weissenbilder Marcus 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Survey researchers take great care to measure respondents’ answers in an unbiased way; but, how successful are we as a field at remedying unintended and intended biases in our research? The validity of inferences drawn from studies has been found to be improved by the implementation of preregistration practices. Despite this, only 3 of the 83 published articles in POQ and IJPOR in 2020 feature explicitly stated preregistered hypotheses or analyses. This manuscript aims to show survey methodologists how preregistration and replication (where possible) are in service to the broader mission of survey methodology. To that end, we present a practical example of how unknown biases in analysis strategies without preregistration or replication inflate type I errors. In an initial data collection, our analysis showed that the visual layout of battery-type questions significantly decreased data quality. But after committing to replicating and preregistering the hypotheses and analysis plans, none of the results replicated successfully, despite keeping the procedure, sample provider, and analyses identical. This manuscript illustrates how preregistration and replication practices might, in the long term, likely help unburden the academic literature from follow-up publications relying on type I errors.
Utterly Unbelievable: The Discourse of ‘Fake’ SOGI Asylum Claims as a Form of Epistemic Injustice
Authors: Ferreira Nuno 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Media and political debates on refugees and migration are dominated by a discourse of  ‘fake’ and ‘bogus’ asylum claims. This article explores how this discourse affects in acute ways those people claiming asylum on grounds of sexual orientation or gender identity (SOGI). In particular, the article shows how such a discourse of ‘fakeness’ goes far beyond the well-documented and often inadequate credibility assessments carried out by asylum authorities. By framing the analysis within the context of the scholarship on epistemic injustice, and by drawing on a large body of primary and secondary data, this article reveals how the discourse of ‘fake’ SOGI claims permeates the conduct not only of asylum adjudicators, but also of all other actors in the asylum system, including non-governmental organizations, support groups, legal representatives, and even asylum claimants and refugees themselves. Following from this theoretically informed exploration of primary data, the article concludes with the impossibility of determining the ‘truth’ in SOGI asylum cases, while also offering some guidance on means that can be employed to alleviate the epistemic injustice produced by the asylum system against SOGI asylum claimants and refugees.
Climatic Niche Conservatism and Ecological Diversification in the Holarctic Cold-Dwelling Butterfly GenusErebia
Authors: Klečková Irena , Klečka Jan , Fric Zdeněk Faltýnek , Česánek Martin , Dutoit Ludovic , Pellissier Loïc , Matos-Maraví Pável 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe diversification of alpine species has been modulated by their climatic niches interacting with changing climatic conditions. The relative roles of climatic niche conservatism promoting geographical speciation and of climatic niche diversification are poorly understood in diverse temperate groups. Here, we investigate the climatic niche evolution in a species rich butterfly genus, Erebia (Dalman, 1816). This Holarctic cold-dwelling genus reaches the highest diversity in European mountains. We generated a nearly complete molecular phylogeny and modeled the climatic niche evolution using geo-referenced occurrence records. We reconstructed the evolution of the climatic niche and tested how the species’ climatic niche width changes across the occupied climate gradient and compared two main Erebia clades, the European and the Asian clade. We further explored climatic niche overlaps among species. Our analyses revealed that the evolution of Erebia has been shaped by climatic niche conservatism, supported by a strong phylogenetic signal and niche overlap in sister species, likely promoting allopatric speciation. The European and the Asian clades evolved their climatic niches toward different local optima. In addition, species in the European clade have narrower niches compared to the Asian clade. Contrasts among the clades may be related to regional climate differences, with lower climate seasonality in Europe compared to Central Asia favoring the evolution of narrower niches. Further, adaptive divergence could appear in other traits, such as habitat use, which can be reflected by narrower climatic niches detected in the European clade. Our study extends knowledge about the complexity of evolutionary drivers in temperate insects.
Use of a Synthetic Dermal Matrix for Reconstruction of 55 Patients with Nongraftable Wounds and Management of Complications
Authors: Concannon Elizabeth , Damkat-Thomas Lindsay , Rose Emma , Coghlan Patrick , Solanki Nicholas , Wagstaff Marcus 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the role of a completely synthetic dermal matrix (Biodegradable Temporizing Matrix [BTM]) for staged reconstruction of complex wounds. The authors defined complex wounds as wounds not amenable to reconstruction with skin grafting alone due to an inherent avascularity such as the presence of bare bone, tendinous, or neural structures. A retrospective review of a prospectively maintained database of complex wounds as defined above was carried out. Fifty-five patients were identified who underwent staged BTM and autologous skin graft reconstruction for complex wounds affecting a wide variety of patient demographics, treatment indications, and body sites. Wound etiology included burn injury and nonburn-related trauma such as degloving injury or infective complications. Caveats relating to the successful application of staged dermal matrix reconstruction, techniques, tips, prevention, and management of complications are outlined. This large consecutive case series demonstrates the integral role dermal substitutes play in providing biological wound cover for avascular wound beds which may otherwise require complex distant flap or free tissue transfer for reconstruction. Staged synthetic dermal matrix reconstruction has proven robustness in the face of unfavorable wounds compared with nonsynthetic dermal matrices, physiologically covering avascular structures, allowing for early graft take, expediting rehabilitation, and mobilization with good scar cosmesis and limited contracture formation.
Internal multiple suppression with convolutional neural network-based transfer learning
Authors: Liu Xiaozhou , Hu Tianyue , Liu Tao , Wei Zhefeng , Xiao Yanjun , Xie Fei , Duan Wensheng , Cui Yongfu , Peng Gengxin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Deep learning methods have been widely applied to seismic denoising, outperforming existing methods in efficiency and generalization. For internal multiple suppression, however, deep learning models face the challenge of low generalization owing to the variability of internal multiples. This diminishes the advantages of deep learning methods over current processing flows. To overcome this, we redesign a convolutional neural network (CNN) method in the aspect of label generation and training process to suppress internal multiples. We apply the virtual event (VE) method to a small amount of data and take removed internal multiple data as labels to accelerate the network training, which is multiple learning. Instead of training a pervasive model to apply to all datasets, we rely on transfer learning to generalize. We finetune the synthetic data training model on target datasets to obtain the model applicable to the dataset with a low requirement of training data and time. Tests on synthetic and field data demonstrate the effects of multiple learning and transfer learning, as well as the competitive demultipling performance of our method compared with both the VE method and the original CNN in efficiency and primary-preserving ability.