bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A commentary on cancer prevention and control in India: Priorities for realizing SDGs
Authors: Ramani Vinod K. , Jayanna Krishnamurthy , Naik Radheshyam 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn India, cancers along with cardiovascular diseases contribute to significant mortality and morbidity. With less than 10 years remaining towards achieving Sustainable development Goals (SDGs), public health systems in India need to be critically assessed and strengthened, for addressing non‐communicable diseases (NCDs) in general and cancers in particular. Our Commentary address the public health response to cancer prevention and control, with specific pointers based on emerging evidence. The relevant issues are stratified as: emphasis on the critical appraisal of national programs, strengthening primary health care (PHC) systems, enhancing focus on client and community centricity, exploring integrative approaches to cancer management and stepping up implementation and multidisciplinary research. Ongoing surveillance is essential to assess the current and future trends of cancer as well as the outcomes of prevention and treatment measures. For revitalizing comprehensive PHC, much depends on our epidemiological capacity and surveillance systems which impart information for local planning. It is imperative to address the cultural barriers and societal norms, which limit the acceptability and participation in screening programs. SDG 3 has ushered the wellbeing agenda at an opportune time. There is a compelling need to conduct research on an integrated approach (ayurveda complimenting allopathic medication) for the treatment of cancer. The unique challenges posed by the rise in NCD morbidity in LMIC, requires horizontal integration of the health systems with new services focused on cancer control.
Ketamine as a therapeutic agent in major depressive disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder: Potential medicinal and deleterious effects
Authors: Sachdeva Bhuvi , Sachdeva Punya , Ghosh Shampa , Ahmad Faizan , Sinha Jitendra Kumar 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMajor depressive disorder (MDD) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are the most common causes of emotional distress that impair an individual's quality of life. MDD is a chronic mental illness that affects 300 million people across the world. Clinical manifestations of MDD include fatigue, loss of interest in routine tasks, psychomotor agitation, impaired ability to focus, suicidal ideation, hypersomnolence, altered psychosocial functioning, and appetite loss. Individuals with depression also demonstrate a reduced behavioral response while experiencing pleasure, a symptom known as anhedonia. Like MDD, PTSD is a prevalent and debilitating psychiatric disorder resulting from a traumatic incident such as sexual assault, war, severe accident, or natural disaster. Symptoms such as recalling event phases, hypervigilance, irritability, and anhedonia are common in PTSD. Both MDD and PTSD pose enormous socioeconomic burdens across the globe. The search for effective treatment with minimal side effects is still ongoing. Ketamine is known for its anesthetic and analgesic properties. Psychedelic and psychotropic effects of ketamine have been found on the nervous system, which highlights its toxicity. In this article, the effectiveness of ketamine as a potential therapeutic for PTSD and MDD along with its mechanisms of action, clinical trials, and possible side effects have been discussed.
Naringenin alleviate reproductive toxicity evoked by lead acetate via attenuation of sperm profile and biochemical alterations in male Wistar rat: Involvement of TGFβ/AKT/mTOR pathway
Authors: Elhemiely Alzahraa A. , Yahia Rania , Gad Amany M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractExposure to Lead ‐causes testicular dysfunction through oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis; however, naringenin (NGN) therapeutic impact against lead‐evoked testicular dysfunction remains elusive. Herein, the point of the study was to examine the defensive impact of NGN on testicular dysfunction initiated by lead. Seventy‐Two male Wistar rats were allotted into nine groups; control group, drug control groups, lead acetate group, as well as NGN treated groups (10, 25, and 50 mg/kg) respectively, given 5 days before lead acetate treatment. The result showed clearly the impact of lead on reduced sperm count, sperm motility as well as serum testosterone and LH levels. Additionally, it caused a significant rise in testicular inflammatory markers TNF‐α, IL‐1β, and TGFβ, effects that were accompanied by a reduction of AKT and mTOR levels. Lead acetate also caused degenerative changes in the testis, atrophy, and loss of spermatogenic series. Our findings revealed that NGN in a dose‐dependent manner improved spermiotoxicity induced by lead acetate via restoration of the testicular function, preservation of spermatogenesis, halting inflammatory cytokines along with the enhancement of germ cell survival using upregulation of AKT/mTOR expressions. The present study discloses that NGN suppresses lead acetate toxicity that is involved in the antioxidant effect in a dose‐dependent manner, besides its anti‐inflammatory property.
Long non‐coding RNA ATB expedites non‐small cell lung cancer progression by the miR‐200b/fibronectin 1 axis
Authors: Sun Shifang , Zou Yifan , Xu Ningjie , Wang Kaiyue , Rong Shanshan , Lv Jiarong , Hu Bin , Mai Yifeng , Zhu Decai , Ding Liren 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundLong non‐coding RNA (lncRNA) ATB belongs to an active modulator in multiple cancers, but its expression along with potential underlying non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is obscure. Our study aimed to investigate the role and potential mechanism of LncRNA ATB in NSCLC.MethodsLncRNA ATB expression in NSCLC tissues and cell lines was detected by qRT‐PCR. Effects of LncRNA ATB on NSCLC cell proliferation, migration and invasion were assessed by MTS, colony formation and transwell assays. The connection among LncRNA ATB, miR‐200b and fibronectin 1 (FN1) was determined by bioformatics prediction and luciferase reporter assay.ResultsIn this research, upregulation of LncRNA ATB was discovered in NSCLC tissue samples and cell lines. LncRNA ATB was positively related to advanced tumor phase as well as lymph node metastasis. Cell function assays reflected LncRNA ATB expedited NSCLC cells proliferation, migration and invasion. LncRNA ATB promoted fibronectin 1 (FN1) expression via inhibiting miR‐200b. Furthermore, LncRNA ATB depletion suppressed NSCLC cells proliferation, migration and invasion, while miR‐200b inhibitor or pcDNA‐FN1 rescued these effects.ConclusionIn summary, our outcomes elucidated that LncRNA ATB/miR‐200b axis expedited NSCLC cells proliferation, migration and invasion by up‐regulating FN1.
Alphaherpesvirus upregulates NDRG1 expression to facilitate the nuclear import of viral UL31 and UL34 proteins
Authors: Zhang Shuang , Ming Sheng‐Li , Zeng Lei , Wang Lu‐Fang , Zhang Chao , Zhu He‐Shui , Yang Guo‐Yu , Zhang Gai‐Ping , Chu Bei‐Bei , Wang Jiang 
Published: February 2023

AbstractProteins UL31 and UL34 encoded by alphaherpesvirus are critical for viral primary envelopment and nuclear egress. We report here that pseudorabies virus (PRV), a useful model for research on herpesvirus pathogenesis, uses N‐myc downstream regulated 1 (NDRG1) to assist the nuclear import of UL31 and UL34. PRV promoted NDRG1 expression through DNA damage‐induced P53 activation, which was beneficial to viral proliferation. PRV induced the nuclear translocation of NDRG1, and its deficiency resulted in the cytosolic retention of UL31 and UL34. Therefore, NDRG1 assisted the nuclear import of UL31 and UL34. Furthermore, in the absence of the nuclear localization signal (NLS), UL31 could still translocate to the nucleus, and NDRG1 lacked an NLS, thus suggesting the existence of other mediators for the nuclear import of UL31 and UL34. We demonstrated that heat shock cognate protein 70 (HSC70) was the key factor in this process. UL31 and UL34 interacted with the N‐terminal domain of NDRG1 and the C‐terminal domain of NDRG1 bound to HSC70. Replenishment of HSC70ΔNLS in HSC70‐knockdown cells, or interference in importin α expression, abolished the nuclear translocation of UL31, UL34, and NDRG1. These results indicated that NDRG1 employs HSC70 to facilitate viral proliferation in the nuclear import of PRV UL31 and UL34.
Millimetre‐scale pollen analysis of non‐varved lacustrine sediments from Onepoto maar palaeolake, Auckland, reveals distal vegetation responses and landscape recovery following the ~25.5‐ka Ōruanui supereruption, New Zealand
Authors: Piva Stephen B. , Barker Simon J. , Newnham Rewi M. , Rees Andrew B. H. , Wilson Colin J. N. , Carter Lionel , Iverson Nels A. , Läuchli Benjamin , Augustinus Paul C. 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACTThe ~25.5‐ka Ōruanui supereruption (Taupō volcano, New Zealand) erupted >1100 km3 of pyroclastic material during the Last Glacial Maximum. The impacts of this event on climate and the New Zealand environment remain unresolved, particularly on ecological timescales. Using sediment cores from Onepoto maar palaeolake, Auckland (~240 km upwind from source), we have analysed pollen assemblages at contiguous 1‐mm intervals, around an intact 3‐cm layer of the Kawakawa‐Ōruanui Tephra to resolve and assess post‐eruption vegetation impacts and landscape recovery. Sediments immediately above the tephra record a decline in the relative abundance of the dominant canopy species of Fuscospora, and concurrent increase in the abundances of grasses, herbs, ferns and shrubs. These changes reflect a brief (<10 years) part‐defoliation of canopy trees, permitting more light to penetrate and to encourage sub‐canopy vegetation growth. A short‐lived volcanogenic cooling inferred from Antarctic ice core records may have contributed to the changes but cannot be separated from the immediate and direct ecological impacts of ashfall on vegetation following the eruption. Our results, here applied to the world's most recent supereruption, more generally demonstrate the value of millimetre‐scale stratigraphic pollen analysis from non‐varved lacustrine sediments as a tool for assessing past eruptive impacts on sub‐decadal timescales.
Desorption of plasmid DNA from anion exchangers: Salt concentration at elution is independent of plasmid size and load
Authors: Beck Jürgen , Biechele Matthias , Repik Christoph , Gruber Petra , Furtmüller Paul G. , Hahn Rainer 
Published: February 2023

Detailed studies on the sorption behavior of plasmids on anion exchangers are rare compared to proteins. In this study, we systematically compare the elution behavior of plasmid DNA on three common anion exchange resins using linear gradient and isocratic elution experiments. Two plasmids of different lengths, 8 and 20 kbp, were studied and their elution characteristics were compared to a green fluorescent protein. Using established methods for determining retention characteristics of biomolecules in ion exchange chromatography lead to remarkable results. In contrast to the green fluorescent protein, plasmid DNA consistently elutes at one characteristic salt concentration in linear gradient elution. This salt concentration was the same independent of plasmid size but differed slightly for different resins. The behavior is consistent also at preparative loadings of plasmid DNA. Thus, only a single linear gradient elution experiment is sufficient to design elution in a process scale capture step. At isocratic elution conditions, plasmid DNA elutes only above this characteristic concentration. Even at slightly lower concentrations most plasmids remain tightly bound. We hypothesize, that the desorption is accompanied by a conformational change leading to a reduced number of available negative charges for binding. This explanation is supported by structural analysis before and after elution.
Comparison of three cyclodextrins to optimize bisphenol A extraction from source water: Computational, spectroscopic, and analytical studies
Authors: Saini Shivender Singh , Copello Guillermo J. , Fagan Solange Binotto , Tonel Mariana Zancan 
Published: February 2023

Computationally and spectroscopically assisted analytical comparative investigation into the extraction of bisphenol A using three cyclodextrins, that is, α, β, and γ respectively, were performed. A simple, self‐tailored μ‐solid‐phase extraction podium was used to extract bisphenol A from water samples, and high‐performance liquid chromatography‐ultraviolet was used for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of bisphenol A. Density functional theory first principle calculations, attenuated total reflectance Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy and Fourier‐transform Raman spectroscopy data supports the analytical selection of β‐cyclodextrin as the adsorbent for bisphenol A extraction. Analytical optimization of various parameters including sample volume, sample pH, eluting solvent and its volume was performed to discover the most proper conditions for maximum extraction. Under the optimized conditions, a limit of detection value of 0.70 ng/ml and a limit of quantification value of 2.31 ng/ml was achieved with β‐cyclodextrin, with recovery (%) values over 98.40–102.50 in real source water samples. Overall, well assisted by comprehensive computational and spectroscopic studies, a novel, simple, sensitive and economic analytical method was developed for the extraction of bisphenol A from source water using cyclodextrin.
Monitoring mesocarnivores with tracks and technology using multi‐method modeling
Authors: Moll Remington J. , Butler Andrew R. , Poisson Mairi K. P. , Tate Patrick , Bergeron Daniel H. , Ellingwood Mark R. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMesocarnivores play important ecological roles and are valued by diverse stakeholders. These species are often the focus of conservation efforts or are managed for sustainable harvest. Management actions require accurate population monitoring, but such monitoring is challenging because mesocarnivores are elusive and persist at low densities. We addressed this challenge by evaluating 2 monitoring methods (scent stations and motion‐sensitive cameras) using multi‐method modeling. We estimated occurrence probabilities and habitat relationships for 8 mesocarnivore species by fitting occupancy models to data collected at 75 sites from October to December 2021 across a 3,200‐km2system in New Hampshire, USA. We assessed the relative estimated precision of the methodological approaches and their costs. We also evaluated tradeoffs in occurrence estimation and uncertainty among study designs by analyzing simulations run across various numbers of study sites and 2 study durations. Cameras cost roughly 10 times more than scent stations but strongly outperformed them in terms of species' detectability and parameter estimate precision. Multi‐method models yielded the most precise estimates of occurrence probability and habitat relationships. Parameter estimates were on average twice as precise for camera and multi‐method models compared to scent stations. Additionally, the estimated precision and direction (positive or negative) of habitat relationships varied with the method employed. Longer camera deployments, additional study sites, and multi‐method approaches nearly always reduced uncertainty, but these reductions were species‐specific and generally most pronounced for more rarely detected species. Overall, our results demonstrate the utility of motion‐sensitive cameras traps for monitoring mesocarnivores while revealing the additional benefits of multi‐method modeling. Our results also provide guidance for designing monitoring programs for mesocarnivores while navigating tradeoffs between study design, cost, and uncertainty. Despite its benefits, multi‐method modeling remains uncommon as a general monitoring approach. We suggest managers consider this approach in light of existing datasets and design monitoring programs that integrate traditional methods with emergent technologies.
S100A9 promotes tumor‐associated macrophage for M2 macrophage polarization to drive human liver cancer progression: An in vitro study
Authors: Yang Lan‐Fang , Zhang Zhi‐Bo , Wang Liang 
Published: February 2023

AbstractTumor‐associated macrophages (TAMs) and M2 macrophage polarization have been documented for their implication in various malignancies, but their implication in liver cancer remains to be determined. This study is intended to explore the effect of S100A9 regulated TAMs and macrophage polarization in liver cancer progression. THP‐1 cells were induced to differentiate into M1 and M2 macrophages, which were then cultured in liver cancer cell conditioned culture medium before the M1 and M2 macrophages were identified by measuring biomarkers using real‐time polymerase chain reaction. The differential expressed genes in macrophages in Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases were screened. S100A9 overexpression and knockdown plasmid were transfected into macrophages to determine the effect of S100A9 on M2 macrophage polarization of TAMs and on proliferation ability of liver cancer cells. The proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) abilities of liver cancer co‐cultured with TAMs. M1 and M2 macrophages were successfully induced and liver cancer cell conditioned culture medium can increase polarization of macrophages into M2 macrophages, in which elevated expression of S100A9 was detected. Data in GEO database showed that tumor microenvironment (TME) upregulated S1000A9 expression. Suppression on S1000A9 can significantly suppress M2 macrophage polarization. TAM can provide the necessary microenvironment for liver cancer cells, HepG2 and MHCC97H by increasing cell proliferation, migration, and invasion ability, while suppression on S1000A9 can reverse this expression pattern. Suppression on S100A9 expression can regulate M2 macrophage polarization of TAMs to suppress the progression of liver cancer.
Social Media Utilization in Otolaryngology: A Scoping Review
Authors: Huang Alice E. , Chan Erik P. , Stave Christopher M. , Patel Zara M. , Hwang Peter H. , Chang Michael T. 
Published: February 2023

ObjectiveSocial media (SM) is an increasingly popular medium for the medical community to engage with patients, trainees, and colleagues. This review aimed to identify reported uses of SM in otolaryngology‐head and neck surgery (OHNS), assess the quality of evidence supporting these uses, and identify gaps in the literature. With the relative lack of regulatory guidelines for the development of SM content, we hypothesized that the quality of content available on SM would be highly variable.Data Sources and MethodsA scoping review was performed of English‐language peer‐reviewed studies published to date discussing SM use in any form within OHNS. Three reviewers independently screened all abstracts. Two reviewers independently extracted data of interest from the full text of articles identified from the preliminary abstract screen.Results171 studies were included, with 94 (54.9%) studies published between 2020 and 2022. 104 (60.8%) studies were conducted in the US. 135 (78.9%) used cross‐sectional or survey‐based methodology; only 7 (4.1%) were controlled studies. SM was most commonly employed for professional networking (n = 37 [21%]), and within subspecialties of otology (n = 38 [22%]) and rhinology/allergy (n = 25 [15%]). Facebook was most frequently used for study recruitment (n = 23 [13.5%]), YouTube for patient education (n = 15 [14.6%]), and Twitter for professional networking (n = 16 [9.4%]).ConclusionSM use within OHNS is increasing rapidly, with applications including patient education, professional networking, and study recruitment. Despite myriad articles, there remains a paucity of well‐controlled studies. As SM becomes integrated into healthcare, particularly for applications directly impacting patient care, higher levels of evidence are needed to understand its true impact. Laryngoscope, 133:2447–2456, 2023
Nutritional quality of Onobrychis viciifolia (Scop.) seeds: A potentially novel perennial pulse crop for human use
Authors: Craine Evan B. , Şakiroğlu Muhammet , Peters Tessa E. , Barriball Spencer , Schlautman Brandon 
Published: February 2023

AbstractOnobrychis viciifolia (hereafter sainfoin) is an autotetraploid (2n = 4x = 28), allogamous insect‐pollinated perennial legume originating from the Caucasus that has historically been cultivated as a forage. As a perennial legume, sainfoin has the potential to improve the sustainability of agriculture and food systems in multiple ways. Sainfoin can provide continuous living cover and biological nitrogen fixation to enhance soil fertility and health. It can also provide ecosystem services as a resource for pollinators and wildlife in addition to nitrogen fixation. Building on this history of valuable uses, The Land Institute is developing sainfoin as a pulse crop for human use. With the goal of supporting human diets with a sustainable, perennial protein source and nutrient‐dense crop, this innovation requires a thorough understanding of the chemical composition of sainfoin seeds to ensure safety and potential nutritional quality. Using seeds from commercial sainfoin varieties developed for forage production, grown by commercial sainfoin seed growers in the western United States, this study evaluates seed composition as part of an ongoing investigation into sainfoin's potential as a novel pulse. We found crude protein content (38.78%) comparable with soybean and lupine, fat content (6.96%) comparable with lupine and chickpea, and starch (7.1%) and dietary fiber content (48.96%) comparable with lupine. Phytic acid content was higher than pulses (1790.89 mg). Ash (3.81%), iron (64.14 ppm), and zinc contents (61.63 ppm) were in the higher end of the range for pulses. This study indicates that sainfoin could become a novel, nutrient‐dense crop for human nutrition. Future studies are required to further characterize seed composition and safety and demonstrate how common legume processing techniques may influence nutritional quality.
Dendrimer and dendrimer gel‐derived drug delivery systems: Breaking bottlenecks of topical administration of glaucoma medications
Authors: Wang Juan , Li Boxuan , Kompella Uday B. , Yang Hu 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDue to high structural flexibility, multidrug carrying capability, and tunable size, dendrimers have been used as suitable carriers for ophthalmic drug delivery. Drug molecules can be either encapsulated or chemically coupled to dendrimers. The nanoscopic size, spheroidal shape, and cationic surface of polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers promote their interaction with the cornea and result in prolonged precorneal retention. Dendrimers could be further cross‐linked to produce three‐dimensional hydrogel networks or dendrimer hydrogels (DH). The properties of the DH can be readily adjusted to maintain both fluidity and adhesiveness, making them suitable for developing topical ocular drug formulations. Micro‐/nano‐ sized DHs, that is, dendrimer micro‐/nano‐ gels, have unique properties such as ease of administration, large specific surface area for adhesion, and drug targeting functionalities, making them attractive for ophthalmic drug delivery. This perspective reports advances in PAMAM dendrimer based drug delivery systems including drug conjugates and micro‐ and nano‐ gels to enhance and sustain the delivery of multiple anti‐glaucoma drugs, Dendrimer and dendrimer gel‐derived drug delivery systems hold great potential as multifunctional topical drug delivery systems for the eye.