bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accuracy and Safety of Carpometacarpal Joint Injection Using Anatomical Landmarks: A Cadaver Study and Review of Literature Running title: Carpometacarpal Joint Injection Using Anatomical Landmarks
Authors: Namazi Hamid , Sadeghi Roohollah , Akbarzadeh Armin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background: Intra-articular corticosteroid injection is one of the non-operative treatments for carpometacarpal (CMC) joint osteoarthritis that can performed with or without imaging guidance.
Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of carpometacarpal joint injection regarding anatomical landmarks in a cadaveric investigation and reviewing the current literature about this issue.
Materials and methods: Forty wrist specimens from 20 fresh cadavers without any gross scar or deformity in their wrists were recruited. We applied four palpation-based techniques for CMC joint injection using the anatomical snuffbox or the most proximal margin of the metacarpal in neutral or ulnar deviation position of the wrist. After intra-articular injection of methylene blue, the specimens were dissected and checked for accuracy of injection (staining of the CMC joint) and safety of the injection (staining of adjacent neurovascular structures).
Results: The specimens that injections were performed at the proximal part of 1st metacarpal bone, CMC joint was stained accurately in nine specimens in neutral position and seven specimens in ulnar deviated position of the wrist. The specimens that injections were performed at the distal part of anatomical snuffbox, CMC joint was stained accurately in 8 specimens in neutral position and six specimens in ulnar deviated position of the wrist. Comparison of each methods of injection (in both wrist position) did not show significant difference (P=0.478). Also, comparison of each wrist position during injection did not show significant difference between two methods of injection (P=0.152). Neurovascular structures had not been stained after injections.
Conclusion: The results reveal that CMC joint injection without imaging guidance using anatomical landmarks is a safe; however different methods of injection or wrist position did not significantly affect the accuracy of injection.
Comparison of Structural Stability of Deep Eutectic Solvents Based on Choline chloride/Fatty acids and Thymol/Fatty acids in Aqueous Solutions: Insights from Molecular Dynamics Simulation Studies
Authors: pour Samaneh Barani , Sardroodi Jaber Jahanbin , Ebrahimzadeh Alireza Rastkar , Pazuki Gholamreza , Rezvan Vahideh Hadigheh 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In this work, intermolecular interactions among the species of fatty acids-based DESs and based DESs with fatty acids as hydrogen bond donors (HBD) in the adjacent water have been investigated using molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. The results of this work provide deep insights to understand the water stability of thymol-based DESs and the eutectic mixtures of choline chloride and fatty acids at a temperature of 353.15 K and atmospheric pressure. The strength of the hydrogen bond as well as the distribution of the HBA and HBD around each other was attributed to the alkyl chain length of FAs and the type of HBD. Assessed structural properties include the combined distribution functions (CDFs), the radial distribution functions (RDFs), the angular distribution functions (ADFs), and the Hydrogen bonding network between species and Spatial distribution functions (SDF). The reported results show the remarkable role of the strength of the hydrogen bond between THY molecules and fatty acids on the stability of DES in water. The transport properties of molecules in the binary mixtures in the water was analyzed by using the mean square displacement (MSD) of the centers of mass of the species, self-diffusion coefficients, vector reorientation dynamics (VRD) of bonds and the velocity autocorrelation function (VACF) for the center of the mass of species.
Prospective evaluation of cerebrospinal fluid levels of β-Endorphin as a predictor of opioid use after scheduled cesarean delivery
Authors: Pham Amelie , Osmundson Sarah S , Pedowitz Alex , Wickersham Nancy , Sorabella Laura L , Bruehl Stephen 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Prior laboratory work indicates that lower endogenous opioid function is associated with greater analgesic and subjective responses to opioid analgesics. We evaluated whether lower preoperative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of the analgesic endogenous opioid β-Endorphin (BE) were associated with increased opioid use after cesarean delivery (CD).
Methods
We enrolled 136 pregnant women without opioid use or chronic pain who were undergoing CD under regional anesthesia. Preoperatively, participants completed validated pain measures and biospecimens were collected to assess BE levels in plasma and CSF. Postoperatively, pain measures at 48 hours and 2 weeks postpartum were assessed. We evaluated the association between CSF BE levels and total opioid use (in morphine milligram equivalents; MMEs) using linear regression controlling for confounding factors (primary analysis). In secondary analyses, we examined: 1) associations between plasma BE levels and total opioid use, and 2) associations between CSF and plasma BE levels and secondary outcomes (inpatient versus outpatient opioid use, pain intensity).
Results
Participants completed surveys with 100% response rate. The majority were non-Hispanic white (65%), college educated (58%), had private insurance (71%), and had a prior cesarean delivery (69%). Psychiatric diagnoses (depression or anxiety) were common, both currently (22%) and in the past (26%).The median total opioid use across the inpatient and 2-week postpartum follow-up period was 89.1 milligram morphine equivalents (IQR 25–138). Preoperative cerebrospinal fluid β-Endorphin levels were not associated with total opioid use (beta = -0.05, SE 0.45, p = 0.64). Similar findings were noted for plasma β-Endorphin levels. cerebrospinal fluid β-Endorphin levels were only weakly correlated with plasma β-Endorphin levels (r = 0.30, p < .01). Preoperative cerebrospinal fluid and plasma β-Endorphin levels were both positively associated with postpartum pain measures (cerebrospinal fluid: at 48 hours, beta = 0.19, SE 0.16, p < 0.05; Plasma: at 48-hours, beta = 0.02, SE 0.03, p = 0.02, and at 2-weeks, beta = 0.27, SE 0.03, p < 0.01).
Conclusions
Lower preoperative cerebrospinal fluid levels of β-Endorphin are not associated with increased opioid analgesic use after scheduled cesarean delivery. It is possible that unassessed variability in baseline opioid receptor sensitivity may have confounded ability to test associations between β-Endorphin levels and opioid use outcomes.
Existence and concentration of solutions for nonlinear Schrödinger-Poisson system with steep potential well
Authors: Zhou Jian , Wu Yunshun 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we consider the existence and concentration of solutions of the Schrödinger-Poisson system −∆u + λV(x)u + K(x)φu = f (x, u), in R 3 , −∆φ = K(x)u 2 , in R 3 , where λ > 0 is a parameter. Under some suitable assumptions on V, K, and f , the existence and concentration of solutions are obtained by using variational methods.
2020 Mathematics Subject Classification: 35A15, 35B38, 35D30
Hydrophobic and mechanical strength enhancement of hemp fabric and paper enabled by waterborne polyurethane-derived functional coating
Authors: Zhao Wenjing , Sui Zhihui , Zhang Qi , Sun Lijian , Zu Bin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Cellulosic-based materials such as hemp fabric and paper have combined characteristics of renewability, biodegradability, flexibility, and recyclability. However, regular products are not suitable for use in unconventional applications due to inherent limitations, and accordingly, enabling new capabilities is a necessity. To this end, the conversion of regular hemp fabric and paper into high-strength product with hydrophobic function via surface engineering was explored. The fluorinated waterborne polyurethane (FWPU) emulsions were first synthesized as functional coatings by in-situ polymerization. The structure and properties of the FWPU emulsion and film were characterized by FTIR, XRD, SEM TG, XPS. The results showed that the grafting of perfluorooctanol imparts WPU film excellent hydrophobicity, the water contact angle increases from 71.2º to 105.95º. After the FWPU coating, the water contact angle of the hemp fabric and paper increases from 0º to 117.10º and 112.77°, respectively. Quite encouragingly, the coating generation of waterborne polyurethane-derived functional additives led to the increase of mechanical strength by more than x and x times, in the case of qualitative filter paper and hemp fabric. Overall, this functionalized waterborne polyurethane coating would direct paper and hemp fabric toward diversified applications.
Comparative Study of Bi2 O3 , MgO and ZrO2 Nanomaterials designed by Polymer Sacrificial Method for Amoxicillin delivery and Bone Regeneration: In-Vitro Studies
Authors: Soliman Yasser M. , Mabrouk Mostafa , Raboh Ahmed. S. Abd , Ereiba Khairy T. , Beherei Hanan H. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Hard tissue scientists face many difficulties, including persistent osteomyelitis and diseased bone abnormalities. Inorganic mesoporous nanomaterials are excellent candidates for the adsorption and loading of bioactive medicinal substances because to their chemical-physical characteristics. Recently, zirconium oxide, magnesium oxide and bismuth oxide nanoparticles are of great surface area and biocompatibility, and they have been described as a new drug delivery carrier. In this study, amoxicillin antibiotic was loaded into the prepared mesoporous nanomaterials (ZrO2, MgO and Bi2O3) to form a local antibiotic delivery system. The prepared mesoporous nanomaterials were investigated by XRD, FTIR, TEM, zeta potential and BET surface area measurements. Amoxicillin antibiotic was released from the prepared mesoporous nanomaterials in PBS. The effectiveness of the antibacterial study against several gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial strains was assessed. The cytotoxicity study of the human osteoblast-like cells (MG-63) was tested for all prepared mesoporous nanomaterials utilizing MTT assay. ZrO2 demonstrated particle diameters in the range of (5.26– 11.47nm), MgO was (70–80nm) and Bi2O3 was (9.79– 13.7nm). The greater surface area was confirmed for Bi2O3 sample (3.99 m2g− 1) by BET surface area. Amoxicillin loaded mesoporous nano powders exhibited impressive antibacterial and antifungal activities. MgO and Bi2O3 mesoporous nanoparticles exhibited better antimicrobial activities compared to ZrO2 sample. The proliferation for all samples gave good results especially for MgO and Bi2O3. As a result, the produced mesoporous nanomaterials have a significant potential for use as medicine delivery systems for bone regeneration and for enhancing the properties of other products in medical applications.
Global boundedness and large time behavior in a signal-dependent motility system with nonlinear signal consumption
Authors: Tian Ya , Xie Guoqing 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we deal with the following system with nonlinear signal consumption
under homogeneous Neumann boundary conditions in a smooth bounded domain
$\Omega \in {\mathbb{R}^n} \left( {n \ge 2} \right)$. It shown that whenever $r > 0,\mu > 0,\alpha > 2, \beta > 0 \text{ and } \frac{\alpha }{\beta } > \frac{{n + 2}}{2}$,then the original system will produce a global classical solution and the solution converges to equilibrium
\\
\noindent{\bf Keywords}: Global existence; Boundedness; Signal-dependent motilities; Large time behavior. \\
\noindent{\bf AMS(2020) Subject Classification}: 35A01, 35B65, 35K65, 35Q92, 92C17.
Circulating Inflammatory Biomarkers and Risk of Intracranial Aneurysm: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Fang Jianxun , Cao Yuze , Ni Jun 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Intracranial aneurysm (IA) accounts for a substantial source of non-traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage, with inflammation postulated as a potential factor in its pathogenesis. The present study aims at evaluating the association between circulating inflammatory cytokines and risk of IA under a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) design.
Methods
For primary analysis, summary statistics of inflammatory regulators was obtained from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) comprising 8,293 Finnish participants. Summary data of IA was extracted from a GWAS which comprised 7,495 cases and 71,934 controls in European descent. For targeted analysis, summary statistics were extracted from two proteomic studies, which recruit 3,301 and 5,368 European participants, respectively. Summary data of IA were acquired from FinnGen study with 5,342 cases and 342,673 controls. We employed inverse variance weighted (IVW) method as main approach, with sensitivity analyses using weighted median, MR-Egger, and MR-PRESSO methods. Reverse MR analyses were conducted to minimize bias from reverse causality.
Results
No causation of cytokines with IA was identified in both primary and targeted analysis after Bonferroni correction. In primary analysis, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and fibroblast growth factor basic (bFGF) levels were suggestively associated with IA [(VEGF→IA: odds ratio (OR) = 1.11, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) = 1.02–1.20, P = 0.01; bFGF→IA: OR = 0.68, 95% CI = 0.48–0.96, P = 0.03]. Statistical significance failed to replicate in targeted analysis. Instead, suggestive protective effects for aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) were identified in FGF-9 (FGF-9→aSAH: OR = 0.74, 95% CI = 0.62–0.89, P = 0.001) and FGF-16 (FGF-16→aSAH: OR = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.72–0.97, P = 0.017). Furthermore, reverse analyses identified suggestive effect of IA and its subtypes on IL-10, RANTES, MIF, GRO-alpha, FGF-16, and FGF-19. Result remained robust after applying sensitivity tests.
Conclusions
Our study provided novel insights into the potential protective role of FGF-9 and FGF-16 in aSAH. Future studies are in need to evaluate the temporal dynamics of cytokines in conjunction with IA.
The Causal Role of Esophageal Cancer and Gut Microbiota: A Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Zhou Xiaoying , Su Wei , Chen Han , Ye Bixing , Si Xinmin , Zhang Weifeng , Li Xueliang , Zhang Guoxin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Aims
Esophageal cancer (EC) and gut microbiota are reported to be clinically relevant but their genetic association is unclear. We carried out a bidirectional MR analyses to assess the casual relationship between EC and gut microbiota from fecal samples.
Methods
The microbiome genome-wide association studies (GWAS) data of 18,340 individuals provided by MiBioGen consortium and the EC GWAS data (740 esophageal cancers cases and 372,016 controls) provided by UK Biobank were respectively utilized as exposure and/or outcome data. Reliable single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were obtained after rigorous screening. A bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was conducted using the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method. The sensitivity analyses including the MR-Egger method, weighted median, MR-PRESSO and mode methods were performed to examine the stability, heterogeneity and pleiotropy of the results.
Results
Forward MR analysis revealed genetic liability to gut microbiota was associated with a higher risk of EC (Coprobacter (OR 1.001, 95%CI 1.000-1.002); Ruminococcus1 (OR 1.001, 95%CI 1.000-1.002); Turicibacter (OR 0.999, 95%CI 0.998-1.000); Senegalimassilia (OR 1.002, 95%CI 1.000-1.003); Veillonella (OR 1.001, 95%CI 1.000-1.002)) or a significantly lower risk of EC (Eubacterium oxidoreducens (OR 0.999, 95%CI 0.998-1.000); Lachnospira (OR 0.998, 95%CI 0.996-1.000); Romboutsia (OR 0.999, 95%CI 0.998-1.000)). Reverse MR analysis showed that genetic liability to EC was also causally linked to increased susceptibility of gut microbiota dysbiosis (genera Eggerthella (Beta 37.63, 95%CI 4.76–70.50); Coprococcus2 (Beta 23.90, 95%CI 1.65–46.15); ChristensenellaceaeR.7 (Beta 22.75, 95%CI 4.22–41.28); genera Intestinimonas (OR -33.24, 95%CI-54.90–11.58)).
Conclusions
Our findings supported a bidirectionally causal relationship between gut microbiota and EC, implying the potential of gut microbiota as novel biomarkers and therapeutic drugs for EC.
Melatonin protects ovarian function in whole cryopreserved rat ovarian transplantation via the MT1/Nrf2/ARE pathway
Authors: Xie Lingyun , Hua Keqin , Zhang Xuyin , Ding Yan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackground: Whole ovarian transplantation has the potential to restore fertility in cancer patients, but ovarian ischemia-reperfusion injury following transplantation causes decreased graft function. Melatonin protects against antioxidant damage and has anti-inflammatory effects, but its effects in whole ovarian transplantation have not been investigated.Objective:This study was aimed to verify the beneficial antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of melatonin in whole ovarian transplantation.Methods: The cryopreserved whole ovaries were allotransplanted in LEWIS rats. Forty rats were randomly divided into 8 groups: control group, sham surgery group, saline group; low-dose (25 mg/kg) melatonin group; high-dose (50 mg/kg) melatonin group; melatonin (50 mg/kg) + ML385 group; melatonin (50 mg/kg) + luzindole group, and melatonin+ 4P-PDOT group. The estrous cycle recovery was evaluated by vaginal exfoliative cell monitoring and serum hormone. Follicle morphology was observed by HE. The levels of eoxidative stress factors, antioxidant factors, and inflammatory factors in both serum and ovarian tissues were measured by ELISA, RT-qPCR, western blot and fenton detection. RT-qPCR, western blot and immunofluorescence assays were used to measure the levels of MT1 and Nrf2.Results: The rats in high-dose and low-dose melatonin groups recovered estrous cycle faster and lost fewer follicles, and the serum endocrine hormone levels were close to normal. The serum and ovarian tissue antioxidant capacity were significant higher, while the levels of inflammatory factors were significant lower in the high-dose and low-dose melatonin groups. In addition, the melatonin receptor MT1 was found to be involved in antioxidant and anti-inflammatory processes. Melatonin also triggered the Nrf2/ARE pathway activity via receptor MT1. Blocking Nrf2 or MT1 receptors could eliminate the beneficial effects of melatonin on whole transplanted ovaries. These findings suggest that melatonin can attenuate oxidative stress injury and inflammatory responses in whole transplanted ovaries via the MT1/Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway, thereby effectively protecting whole transplanted ovarian function.
Caregiver Perspective in a Mental Diagnosis of Hyperreligiosity
Authors: Akintobi Aminat 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Until the 20th century, religion was often seen from a negative perspevctive in the psychiatric treatment of mental illnesses. However, this has changed within the last fifty years to a more positive perspective, with psychiatrists overlapping religious beliefs of patients in psychiatry treatments. Family menbers are usually the primary caregivers of persons with mental health disorders. Caregiving for the mentally ill takes a physical as well as mental toll on the carer. Activities carried out by the caregiver include monitoring the administration of drugs; commuting the patient to and from hospital vistis; the fincial burden and many others. In a mental illness scenario, the caregiver bears the brunt of the behavioral pattern of the mentally ill patient, this includes giving emotional support to the ill family member. This study joins a body of research that documents the perspective of caregivers in the observation, diagnosis and treatment plan of mania hyperreligiosity. This study presents the case of a 55-year old middle aged female, who presented with a diagnosis of mania hyperreligiosity. Having carried out caregiving activities for the family member, the author concludes that the role of a caregiver include administration of medicines, observing and reporting improvement of the patient; observing and reporting side effect; and since this a behavioural defect illness, conversing with the patient to determine their mental status; and motivating the patient to udnergo treatment. Following the importance of the caregiver role, the author documenta that it is important for psychiatrists to view caregivers as a resource rather than a medical care seeker. Psychiatry physicians will do well to involve the perspective and advice of the caregiver in care plans.
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Prevalence in the Hospital and University Environment in Damascus and the Relation Thereof to Risk Factors
Authors: Alchaar Lujain H. , Badra Yaman B. , Rachid Modar H. , alhweidi Raghd A. , Badra Selim B. , Ali Ayman 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
AIM
the aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence of GERD in relation to the risk factors in hospital and university environment.
METHODS
a multi-centered cross sectional study that included 1357 participants of different age groups and a questionnaire was given out to each participant, where it asked about risk factors and the GERD. A questionnaire was used to assess the prevalence, where a score of 8 was presumed ill.
RESULT
18.7% were diagnosed with GERD the risk factors related to GERD with P-value of 0.05 or below, were male sex, smoking, caffeine intake, eating only one meal per day, medium exercise, being stress most of the time and taking medications.
Estimating epidemiological parameters and underreporting of Covid-19 cases in Brazil using a multi-wave mathematical model
Authors: Lima Hélder , Tupinambás Unaí , Guimarães Frederico 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In this study, we reproduce the first four waves of Covid-19 in Brazil and present a comprehensive analysis. Using a Susceptible-Infected-Recovered-Dead-Susceptible (SIRDS) model with breakpoints, we estimated the Basic Reproduction Number (R0), Infection Fatality Rate (IFR), and immunity period. Our model inferred an R0 of 1.8, decreasing to 1.02 during the first wave, aligned with early outbreak stages characterized by reduced human mobility. Our model suggests that approximately half of the Brazilian population was exposed in the first two waves, indicating substantial underreporting (1:5) for this period. For the third and fourth waves, the model estimated 17 and 19 times more infections than reported cases, suggesting increasing underreporting in these waves. Furthermore, our model estimates an IFR of 0.57% for the first two waves and 0.03% for the third and fourth waves. In conclusion, Brazil successfully reduced the R0 during the first wave; however, the absence of public health measures, such as the reduction of human mobility and a most effective vaccine campaign, during the second wave resulted in higher mortality rates. The third and fourth waves exhibited lower mortality rates, which we attribute to vaccination coverage, prior exposure to the virus, and lower lethality of the Omicron variant.