bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Responses of soil phosphorus cycling and bioavailability to plant invasion in river–lake ecotones
Authors: Yan Zhiwei , Lv Tian , Liu Yuan , Xing Bin , Chao Chuanxin , Li Yang , Wu Ling , Wang Ligong , Liu Chunhua , Yu Dan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe invasion of exotic plants in the river–lake ecotone has seriously affected the nutrient cycling processes in wetland soil. The South American species Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.) Griseb. is rapidly invading the river–lake ecotone in subtropical China, and has become the dominant species in the river–lake ecotone. However, there have been few studies on the effects of A. philoxeroides invasion on soil phosphorus (P) cycling and bioavailability in this ecotone. Here, we measured the bioavailable P fractions, physicochemical properties and nutrient content in the surface soils of the native plant (Zizania latifolia (Griseb.) Turcz and Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.) communities and the adjacent invasive A. philoxeroides communities in three river–lake ecotones with different nutrient substrates in the subtropical Dongting Lake basin over a 3‐year period to reveal the effects of A. philoxeroides invasion on the morphology and concentrations of soil bioavailable P. The principal coordinate analysis results showed that the A. philoxeroides invasion significantly altered the bioavailable P concentrations in the soil of native plant communities in the different river–lake ecotones, and this effect was not disturbed by the heterogeneity of the soil matrix. However, the effects of invasion into different native plant communities on the fractions of soil bioavailable P were different. Compared with native Z. latifolia and N. nucifera communities, A. philoxeroides invasion increased the concentration of inorganic P by 39.5% and 3.7%, respectively, and the concentration of organic P decreased by 32.7% and 31.9%, respectively. In addition, the invasion promoted P cycling and accumulation in the river–lake ecotone, which resulted in average decreases in the soil N:P and C:P ratios of 7.9% and 12.5%, respectively. These results highlight the impact of exotic plant invasions on nutrient cycling in wetland ecosystems in the river–lake ecotone, and this process may be detrimental to the late recovery of native plants.
Complex sublinear burrows in the deep sea may be constructed by amphipods
Authors: Brandt Angelika , Chen Chong , Tandberg Anne Helene S. , Miguez‐Salas Olmo , Sigwart Julia D. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTrails, burrows, and other “life traces” in sediment provide important evidence for understanding ecology—both of the maker and of other users—and behavioral information often lacking in inaccessible ecosystems, such as the deep sea or those that are already extinct. Here, we report novel sublinear rows of openings in the abyssal plains of the North Pacific, and the first plausible hypothesis for a maker of these constructions. Enigmatic serial burrows have now been recorded in the Pacific and Atlantic deep sea. Based on image and specimen evidence, we propose that these Bering Sea excavations represent amphipod burrows, while the maker of the previously known Mid‐Atlantic Ridge constructions remains undetermined. We propose that maerid amphipods could create the Pacific burrows by eating–digging horizontally below the surface along a nutrient‐rich layer in the sediment, making the serial openings above them as they go, for conveniently removing excavated sediment as the excavation progresses. These striking structures contribute to local biodiversity, and their maker could be considered a deep‐sea ecosystem engineer.
Environmental stress promotes the persistence of facultative bacterial symbionts in amoebae
Authors: Wang Zihe , Huang Wei , Mai Yingwen , Tian Yuehui , Wu Bo , Wang Cheng , Yan Qingyun , He Zhili , Shu Longfei 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAmoebae are one major group of protists that are widely found in natural and engineered environments. They are a significant threat to human health not only because many of them are pathogenic but also due to their unique role as an environmental shelter for pathogens. However, one unsolved issue in the amoeba–bacteria relationship is why so many bacteria live within amoeba hosts while they can also live independently in the environments. By using a facultative amoeba– Paraburkholderia bacteria system, this study shows that facultative bacteria have higher survival rates within amoebae under various environmental stressors. In addition, bacteria survive longer within the amoeba spore than in free living. This study demonstrates that environmental stress can promote the persistence of facultative bacterial symbionts in amoebae. Furthermore, environmental stress may potentially select and produce more amoeba‐resisting bacteria, which may increase the biosafety risk related to amoebae and their intracellular bacteria.
Small increases in stream drying can dramatically reduce ecosystem connectivity
Authors: Malish Megan C. , Gao Shang , Kopp Darin , Hong Yang , Allen Daniel C. , Neeson Thomas 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHabitat fragmentation drives biodiversity loss in rivers around the world. Although the effects of anthropogenic barriers on river connectivity are well known, there has been little research on the ways in which stream drying may alter connections among habitats and resources. Given that stream drying is increasing in many regions, there is a pressing need to understand the effects of drying on habitat fragmentation. Here, we quantify spatiotemporal drying patterns under current and future climate scenarios in the Upper Blue River Basin, Oklahoma. We used a hydrologic model to simulate daily streamflow for nine climate scenarios. For each scenario, we calculated metrics of streamflow temporal continuity (dry days, dry periods, and dry period duration) and spatial connectivity (wetted length, number of dry stream fragments, length of dry stream fragments, and dendritic connectivity index) from simulated daily streamflow. We found that stream drying is likely to increase in all future climate scenarios and that increases in stream drying reduce connectivity. However, the effects of stream drying on connectivity were highly nonlinear. Specifically, we observed a threshold around which a small increase in stream drying led to a rapid drop in connectivity. We also found that the greatest increases in stream drying were not associated with the highest emission scenarios, underscoring the complex linkages among climate, water availability, and connectivity. Given that connectivity is essential to ecosystem structure and function, we discuss water management strategies informed by impacts of stream drying.
European Society of Cardiology quality indicators for the care and outcomes of adults with pulmonary arterial hypertension. Developed in collaboration with the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology
Authors: Aktaa Suleman , Gale Chris P. , Brida Margarita , Giannakoulas George , Kovacs Gabor , Adir Yochai , Benza Raymond L. , Böhm Michael , Coats Andrew , D'Alto Michele , Escribano‐Subias Pilar , Ferrari Pisana , Galiè Nazzareno , Gibbs J. Simon R. , Gin‐Sing Wendy , Hoeper Marius M. , Humbert Marc , Lang Irene M. , Maron Bradley A. , Meszaros Gergely , Vonk Noordegraaf Anton , Price Laura C. , Pepke‐Zaba Joanna , Rådegran Göran , Reis Abilio , Sitbon Olivier , Torbicki Adam , Ulrich Silvia , Rosenkranz Stephan , Delcroix Marion 
Published: March 2023

AimsTo develop a suite of quality indicators (QIs) for the evaluation of the care and outcomes for adults with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH).Methods and resultsWe followed the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) methodology for the development of QIs. This included (i) the identification of key domains of care for the management of PAH, (ii) the proposal of candidate QIs following systematic review of the literature, and (iii) the selection of a set of QIs using a modified Delphi method. The process was undertaken in parallel with the writing of the 2022 ESC/European Respiratory Society (ERS) guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary hypertension and involved the Task Force chairs, experts in PAH, Heart Failure Association (HFA) members and patient representatives. We identified five domains of care for patients with PAH: structural framework, diagnosis and risk stratification, initial treatment, follow‐up, and outcomes. In total, 23 main and one secondary QIs for PAH were selected.ConclusionThis document presents the ESC QIs for PAH, describes their development process and offers scientific rationale for their selection. The indicators may be used to quantify and improve adherence to guideline‐recommended clinical practice and improve patient outcomes.
Healthy preterm newborns: Altered innate immunity and impaired monocyte function
Authors: De Biasi Sara , Neroni Anita , Nasi Milena , Lo Tartaro Domenico , Borella Rebecca , Gibellini Lara , Lucaccioni Laura , Bertucci Emma , Lugli Licia , Miselli Francesca , Bedetti Luca , Neri Isabella , Ferrari Fabrizio , Facchinetti Fabio , Berardi Alberto , Cossarizza Andrea 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBirth prior to 37 completed weeks of gestation is referred to as preterm (PT). Premature newborns are at increased risk of developing infections as neonatal immunity is a developing structure. Monocytes, which are key players after birth, activate inflammasomes. Investigations into the identification of innate immune profiles in premature compared to full‐term infants are limited. Our research includes the investigation of monocytes and NK cells, gene expression, and plasma cytokine levels to investigate any potential differences among a cohort of 68 healthy PT and full‐term infants. According to high‐dimensional flow cytometry, PT infants have higher proportions of CD56+/−CD16+NK cells and immature monocytes, and lower proportions of classical monocytes. Gene expression revealed lower proportions of inflammasome activation after in vitro monocyte stimulation and the quantification of plasma cytokine levels expressed higher concentrations of alarmin S100A8. Our findings suggest that PT newborns have altered innate immunity and monocyte functional impairment, and pro‐inflammatory plasmatic profile. This may explain PT infants’ increased susceptibility to infectious disease and should pave the way for novel therapeutic strategies and clinical interventions.
Heterogeneous Cu1.92S@Cu3P/Ni2P Nanospheres on Nickel Foam for Effective Electrocatalytic Oxygen Evolution Reaction**
Authors: Du Yeshuang , Hou Zhengfang , Yu Xin , Luo Li , Wang Zhe , Deng Yuqing , Li Wenjing , Cheng Xiaohong , Wu Qi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe design and exploration of highly efficient and economical electrocatalysts for large‐scale hydrogen generation from electrochemical water splitting is of great importance towards hydrogen economy. Herein, we have synthesized heterogeneous Cu1.92S@Cu3P/Ni2P nanospheres on nickel foam, which exhibits excellent OER activity in alkaline solution. When used as an anode, the overpotential of Cu1.92S@Cu3P/Ni2P at the current density of 10 mA cm−2is only 211 mV, with a good stability (24 h). The heterogeneous Cu1.92S@Cu3P/Ni2P nanospheres has synergistic modulation of electronic structure, abundant active sites and fast electron transfer rate, which contributes to its high OER activity.
Opinion dynamics with intermittent‐influence leaders on the signed social network
Authors: Shen Ziwen , He Guang , Wu Xiaotai , Zhu Yixin , Shen Mingxuan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this paper, the leader‐follower architecture is constructed by combining intermittent‐influence leaders with a signed social network. Unlike a typical network with leaders where leaders are supposed to continuously influence followers, in this article, the leaders intermittently influence followers. Furthermore, the number of influences is limited. We focus on how the intermittent‐influence leaders impact the evolution of followers' opinions. The relationship between followers' opinions and the number of leader broadcasts is analyzed in detail. Then, the number of broadcasts is regarded as the cost, and the changing trend of the revenue per broadcast is obtained. The results show that as the number of broadcasts increases, the revenue per broadcast decreases gradually. Finally, the concept of assimilation is introduced to weigh the costs and benefits, and the minimum number of broadcasts required for the leader to assimilate the followers is derived. Two examples are given to demonstrate the validity of the main conclusions.
Psychological distress and caregiving experience during the first two years of the COVID‐19 pandemic among parents of an offspring with anorexia nervosa
Authors: Zeiler Michael , Schneider Andrea , Philipp Julia , Truttmann Stefanie , Wittek Tanja , Kahlenberg Leonie , Auer‐Welsbach Ellen , Schöfbeck Gabriele , Mairhofer Dunja , Merl Elisabeth , Karwautz Andreas , Wagner Gudrun 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo compare different aspects of caregiving distress and experience in parents of patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) before and during the COVID‐19 pandemic.MethodsThree cohorts of parents of AN patients (cohort 1‐pre‐pandemic: N = 78, cohort 2‐first pandemic year: N = 51, cohort 3‐second pandemic year: N = 119) were recruited from child and adolescent psychiatry wards and cross‐sectionally assessed as part of the clinical routine. Quantitative measures of psychological distress, psychopathology, eating disorder (ED)‐related burden, expressed emotion and caregiver skills were obtained at the beginning of the child's inpatient or outpatient treatment.ResultsCohort 2 showed lower levels of anxiety and a tendency of lower emotional overinvolvement and higher caregiving skills compared to the pre‐pandemic cohort. In contrast, the levels of general psychological distress, depression, ED‐related burden and criticism observed in cohort 3 significantly exceeded pre‐pandemic levels. The prevalence of clinically relevant depression was higher in cohort 3 (41.5%) compared to cohorts 1 (24.4%) and 2 (21.6%).DiscussionThe pandemic effects on parents seem to be time‐specific. Lower distress in the early phase of the pandemic may be associated with improvements in parent‐child‐relationships reported in previous studies. However, the pandemic may has negative consequences in the long‐term emphasising the need of ongoing parental support.
Data driven machine learning models for short‐term load forecasting considering electrical vehicle load
Authors: Gujjarlapudi Ch Sekhar , Sarkar Dipu , Gunturi Sravan Kumar 
Published: March 2023

AbstractElectric vehicles (EVs) are gaining popularity due to their fuel efficiency and ability to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Significant penetration of EVs with unregulated charging, which can have a substantial impact on power networks. Accurate load predictions, including the charging of EVs are crucial for ensuring the cost‐effective and dependable operation of power systems. In order to estimate short‐term load in the presence of EV load, the XG (extreme gradient) boost algorithm is proposed and the effectiveness of the performances are checked against other models. A variety of distinct meteorological parameters and the electrical load pattern for the years 2017 and 2018 for Northeast India are used to train the machine learning classifier models. R‐squared value analyses are also performed to identify the most correlated input parameters that influence the results of various models. Analysis shows that temperature, cloud cover, heat index, dew point, wind chill, and perceived temperature are substantially connected with electricity consumption. The performance of XG boost is outperformed by comparing prediction results with decision tree, random forest, K nearest neighbors, and logistic regression. Three separate case studies were employed for verification using the precision, F1 score, sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy metrics. Our findings demonstrate that, in comparison to other forecasting models, XG Boost exhibits higher accuracy (83.84%, 81.51%, and 85.97%) and robust forecasts.
A dataset of sandstone detrital composition from Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau
Authors: Lai Wen , Hu Xiumian , Dong Xiaolong , Ma Anlin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAs a hot topic in Earth sciences, the Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau has accumulated a large amount of sedimentary‐related data. We constructed a dataset of detrital components for Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau from 63 peer‐reviewed publications. The dataset thus comprises 1813 Late Proterozoic to Pleistocene sandstones from 84 stratigraphic units. For each sample, we present details on reference, detrital composition, GPS, geographic location, depositional age, tectonic setting and depositional environment. It becomes a high‐quality dataset after the information on each sandstone sample was standardized and reviewed by sedimentary experts. The dataset can be used for regional geoscience studies, exploring the general laws of the source‐to‐sink process. The dataset may also be useful in the field of utilities, such as assisting in finding suitable building stones, helping oil and gas and mineral exploration, and so forth.
Numerically liquefaction analysis of tunnel‐sand pile interaction (TSPI) under seismic excitation
Authors: Haque Foisal 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLiquefaction is a vital issue for the tunnel‐sand pile interaction (TSPI) system under seismic excitation. Therefore the present study proposed a TSPI model for the liquefaction analysis numerically using the numerical code of Plaxis 3D under local seismic excitation. Validation results of the numerical code inform a convincing level of accuracy to ensure the analysis of the TSPI model using this code. In this research, the geometry of the TSPI model is considered smaller compared to the tunnel diameter to influence the probability of the liquefaction occurrence, and the only variable geometric dimension is the tunnel pile clear distance of the interaction zone while other geometric and material properties are considered to be the standard value. UBC3D‐PLM (two yield surfaces consisting of kinematic hardening rules) constitutive model is used to ensure the liquefaction effect in the TSPI model; however, the excess pore pressure ratio exceeds the limiting value of 1 to inform the existence of liquefaction in the TSPI model. In addition, the uplift of sand is exceeded from the settlement due to liquefaction. However, further investigations such as experimental and analytical studies may have to be performed in the future to enhance the present study.
Las Leñas International Tunnel – Geomechanical challenges in large‐scale tunneling projects across The Andes
Authors: Orellana Rodrigo , Höfer‐Öllinger Giorgio , Ulloa Juan Carlos , Flores Bertoglio Alejandro 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDeveloping large‐scale tunnelling projects in orogenic regions implies enormous technical challenges. Las Leñas International Tunnel Project through the Andes Main Cordillera of Chile and Argentina has been a long‐awaited infrastructure project, whose geological and topographic settings suggest several complex singularities to be considered, analyzed, and assessed during its development. Throughout the course of this feasibility study, the complex geological subsurface interpretation offers a broad spectrum of technical demands to be fulfilled. The overburden conditions, the presence of certain lithologies such as expansive clays or soluble evaporitic sequences, along with regional stress assessment, are major technical challenges. Through extensive geological, geotechnical, and hydrogeological mapping, subsurface 3D modelling interpretation, along with numerical analysis and its relationship with similar projects in the region, brittle, and plastic behaviour are analyzed. A wide range of modern techniques are used to assess those mentioned tasks, which enable an extensive comprehension of the geological and geotechnical conditions of the area. The purpose of this contribution is to enrich the knowledge on geological and geomechanical challenges faced in large tunnelling infrastructure projects in high‐mountain environments and what specific lessons may arise from them for similar future projects.
Supporting the revision of the health benefits package in Uganda: A constrained optimisation approach
Authors: Mohan Sakshi , Walker Simon , Sengooba Freddie , Kiracho Elizabeth Ekirapa , Mayora Chrispus , Ssennyonjo Aloysius , Aliti Candia Tom , Revill Paul 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis study demonstrates how the linear constrained optimization approach can be used to design a health benefits package (HBP) which maximises the net disability adjusted life years (DALYs) averted given the health system constraints faced by a country, and how the approach can help assess the marginal value of relaxing health system constraints. In the analysis performed for Uganda, 45 interventions were included in the HBP in the base scenario, resulting in a total of 26.7 million net DALYs averted. When task shifting of pharmacists' and nutrition officers' tasks to nurses is allowed, 73 interventions were included in the HBP resulting in a total of 32 million net DALYs averted (a 20% increase). Further, investing only $58 towards hiring additional nutrition officers' time could avert one net DALY; this increased to $60 and $64 for pharmacists and nurses respectively, and $100,000 for expanding the consumable budget, since human resources present the main constraint to the system.
Alterations in the coagulation markers did not show differences with the severity of COVID‐19 in Peruvian patients: A cross‐sectional single‐center study
Authors: Moya‐Salazar Jeel , Cóndor Liliana Y. , Zuñiga Nahomi , Jaime‐Quispe Alexis , Moya‐Salazar Belén , Chicoma‐Flores Karina , Cañari Betsy , Contreras‐Pulache Hans 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsCOVID‐19 is a pandemic disease that can lead to altered lung function, systemic inflammatory events, and altered coagulation. During severe stages of the disease, changes in coagulation homeostasis increase, leading to thrombosis, and increased risk of death. In this cross‐sectional study, we aimed to assess coagulation markers by COVID‐19 severity in Peruvian adults.MethodsDuring the second wave of infections, we included 186 adults diagnosed with COVID‐19 (mean age 53.3 ± 16.3 years). Patients were divided into mild, moderate, and severe stages of COVID‐19, and coagulation markers included prothrombin time (PT), activated partial prothrombin time (aPTT), fibrinogen, d‐dimer, and platelet count.ResultsOf the total, 120 (64.5%) were males and 39 (21%) were in the intensive care unit. We determine 104 (55.9%), 43 (24.7%), and 36 (19.4%) patients in mild, moderate, and severe stages of COVID‐19, respectively. In the severe stage of COVID‐19, patients had an average concentration of PT, aPTT, fibrinogen, d‐dimer, and platelets of 13.2 ± 0.9 s, 28.9 ± 4.3 s, 679.4 ± 185.1 mg/dL, 1.9 ± 3.1 µg/mL, and 272.8 ± 88.9 cel/10 mm,3 respectively. We found no differences in the concentration of each marker according to severity (p < 0.05). Patients with severe COVID‐19 had altered the aPTT, fibrinogen, d‐dimer, and PT in 31 (57.4%), 48 (88.9%), 37 (68.5%), and 15 (27.8%) cases, respectively.ConclusionsOur results showed that although there is an alteration in coagulation markers, mainly fibrinogen and d‐fiber, there are no differences in concentration according to the severity of COVID‐19.