bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Testing Density-Dependent and Path-Dependent Population Dynamics in Greece with Spatial Quantile and Geographically Weighted Regressions
Authors: Ciaschini Clio , Rontos Kostas , Chelli Francesco , Cucci Marianna , Maggino Filomena , Salvati Luca 
Published: September 2023

AbstractRegional variability in the spatial distribution of resident population and across-country density divides have consolidated heterogeneous demographic patterns at the base of modern urban systems in Europe. Although economic, historical, institutional, and cultural factors have demonstrated to affect the spatial distribution of resident population, density-dependence and path-dependence are mechanisms persistently shaping demographic dynamics at both local and regional scale. Analysis of density-dependent patterns of population growth (and decline) over sufficiently long time intervals allows a refined comprehension of socioeconomic processes underlying demographic divides. Despite a long settlement history, empirical investigation of the role of density-dependence in the long-term evolution of human populations along urban–rural gradients is relatively scarce especially in Mediterranean countries. The present study performs a comparative analysis of population distribution in 1033 Greek municipalities identifying (and testing the significance of) density-dependent and path-dependent mechanisms of population growth between 1961 and 2011, using spatially implicit and explicit econometric approaches. Results highlight a positive impact of density on population growth where settlements are concentrated. Assuming goodness of fit of the tested models as a proxy of density-dependence, the empirical findings clarify how density-dependent mechanisms were not significant all over the study period, being instead associated with specific phases of the city life cycle—basically urbanization with population concentrating in central locations. Density-dependence was less intense with suburbanization and counter-urbanization—when population sprawled over larger areas at medium–low density. An improved understanding of density-dependent and path-dependent mechanisms of population growth contributes to rethink spatial planning, regional development strategies, and socio-demographic policies adapting to heterogeneous (and rapidly changing) local contexts.
Evaluation of reciprocal F1 crosses of Fayoumi with two exotic chicken breeds 1: additive and non-additive effects on egg production traits
Authors: Negash Fikrineh , Abegaz Solomon , Tadesse Yosef , Jembere Temesgen , Esatu Wondmeneh , Dessie Tadelle 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe present study estimates additive and non-additive effects on egg production traits in genotypes generated through pure mating and reciprocal crossing of Fayoumi (FM) with Koekoek (KK) and White Leghorn (WL). Age at first egg (AFE) and body weight at first egg (BWAFE) were determined when the first bird in the pen laid its first egg, and egg weight at first egg (EWAFE) was the average weight of eggs laid consecutively during the first 10 days. Egg number (EN) and egg weight (EW) were recorded daily from AFE to 40 weeks of age. Egg mass (EM) was the product of EN and EW. EN of hens initially housed and hens alive during the experiment were used to calculate hen-housed egg production (HHEP) and hen-day egg production (HDEP), respectively. All the traits showed statistically significant differences among the genotypes. The results revealed the importance of additive and non-additive effects, where purebred effect (PE), general combining ability (GCA), maternal effect (ME), specific combining ability (SCA), and residual reciprocal effect (RRE) significantly affected most of the traits. The KK and WL had a higher PE, and GCA was highest in KK, with FM and WL showing a higher ME. The FM x WL had higher SCA and RRE. The KK x FM and FM x WL outperformed their main and reciprocal crosses, respectively, and purebred contemporaries. Therefore, a synthetic breeding program involving KK as a sire and FM, WL, FM x WL, and KK x FM as a dam would be feasible.
FPGN: follower prediction framework for infectious disease prevention
Authors: Yu Jianke , Zhang Xianhang , Wang Hanchen , Wang Xiaoyang , Zhang Wenjie , Zhang Ying 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn recent years, how to prevent the widespread transmission of infectious diseases in communities has been a research hot spot. Tracing close contact with infected individuals is one of the most severe problems. In this work, we present a model called Follower Prediction Graph Network (FPGN) to identify high-risk visitors, which is known as follower prediction. The model is designed to identify visitors who may be infected with a disease by tracking their activities at the exact location of infected visitors. FPGN is inspired by the state-of-the-art temporal graph edge prediction algorithm TGN and draws on the shortcomings of existing algorithms. It utilizes graph structure information based on ($$\alpha $$
α
, $$\beta $$
β
)-core, time interval statistics by using the statistics of timestamp information, and a GAT-based prediction module to achieve high accuracy in follower prediction. Extensive experiments are conducted on two real datasets, demonstrating the progress of FPGN. The experimental results show that FPGN can achieve the highest results compared with other SOTA baselines. Its AP scores are higher than 0.46, and its AUC scores are higher than 0.62.
A General Theorem and Proof for the Identification of Composed CFA Models
Authors: Bee R. Maximilian , Koch Tobias , Eid Michael 
Published: September 2023

In this article, we present a general theorem and proof for the global identification of composed CFA models. They consist of identified submodels that are related only through covariances between their respective latent factors. Composed CFA models are frequently used in the analysis of multimethod data, longitudinal data, or multidimensional psychometric data. Firstly, our theorem enables researchers to reduce the problem of identifying the composed model to the problem of identifying the submodels and verifying the conditions given by our theorem. Secondly, we show that composed CFA models are globally identified if the primary models are reduced models such as the CT-C(M-1)\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$(M-1)$$\end{document} model or similar types of models. In contrast, composed CFA models that include non-reduced primary models can be globally underidentified for certain types of cross-model covariance assumptions. We discuss necessary and sufficient conditions for the global identification of arbitrary composed CFA models and provide a Python code to check the identification status for an illustrative example. The code we provide can be easily adapted to more complex models.
The contributions of citizen science to SDG monitoring and reporting on marine plastics
Authors: Fraisl Dilek , See Linda , Bowers Rachel , Seidu Omar , Fredua Kwame Boakye , Bowser Anne , Meloche Metis , Weller Sarah , Amaglo-Kobla Tyler , Ghafari Dany , Bayas Juan Carlos Laso , Campbell Jillian , Cameron Grant , Fritz Steffen , McCallum Ian 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe accumulation of plastic litter in marine environments is a major environmental challenge along with the difficulties in their measurement because of the massive size of the oceans and vast circulation of plastic litter, which is being addressed as part of the United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Citizen science, public participation in scientific research and knowledge production, represents a potential source of data for SDG monitoring and reporting of marine plastic litter, yet there has been no evidence of its use to date. Here, we show how Ghana has become the first country to integrate existing citizen science data on marine plastic litter in their official monitoring and reporting of SDG indicator 14.1.1b for the years 2016–2020, which has also helped to bridge local data collection efforts with global monitoring processes and policy agendas by leveraging the SDG framework. The results have been used in Ghana’s 2022 Voluntary National Review of the SDGs, and reported on the UN SDG Global Database, as well as helping to inform relevant policies in Ghana. In addition, here, we present a pathway that can be adopted by the relevant government authorities in other countries that have an interest in following a similar citizen science data validation and reporting process for this indicator and potentially others.
Gray matter abnormalities in patients with major depressive disorder and social anxiety disorder: a voxel-based meta-analysis
Authors: Liang Junquan , Yu Qiaoyun , Liu Yuchen , Qiu Yidan , Tang Rundong , Yan Luda , Zhou Peng 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Major depressive and social anxiety disorders have a high comorbidity rate and similar cognitive patterns. However, their unique and shared neuroanatomical characteristics have not been fully identified.

Methods
Voxel-based morphometric studies comparing gray matter volume between patients with major depressive disorder/social anxiety disorder and healthy controls were searched using 4 electronic databases from the inception to March 2022. Stereotactic data were extracted and subsequently tested for convergence and differences using activation likelihood estimation. In addition, based on the result of the meta-analysis, behavioral analysis was performed to assess the functional roles of the regions affected by major depressive disorder and/or social anxiety disorder.

Results
In total, 34 studies on major depressive disorder with 2873 participants, and 10 studies on social anxiety disorder with 1004 subjects were included. Gray matter volume conjunction analysis showed that the right parahippocampal gyrus region, especially the amygdala, was smaller in patients compared to healthy controls. The contrast analysis of major depressive disorder and social anxiety disorder revealed lower gray matter volume in the right lentiform nucleus and medial frontal gyrus in social anxiety disorder and lower gray matter volume in the left parahippocampal gyrus in major depressive disorder. Behavioral analysis showed that regions with lower gray matter volume in social anxiety disorder are strongly associated with negative emotional processes.

Conclusions
The shared and unique patterns of gray matter volume abnormalities in patients with major depressive and social anxiety disorder may be linked to the underlying neuropathogenesis of these mental illnesses and provide potential biomarkers.
PROSPERO registration number: CRD42021277546.
Towards data-driven decision making: the role of analytical culture and centralization efforts
Authors: Szukits Ágnes , Móricz Péter 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe surge in data-related investments has drawn the attention of both managers and academia to the question of whether and how this (re)shapes decision making routines. Drawing on the information processing theory of the organization and the agency theory, this paper addresses how putting a strategic emphasis on business analytics supports an analytical decision making culture that makes enhanced use of data in each phase of the decision making process, along with a potential change in authorities resulting from shifts in information asymmetry. Based on a survey of 305 medium-sized and large companies, we propose a multiple-mediator model. We provide support for our hypothesis that top management support for business analytics and perceived data quality are good predictors of an analytical culture. Furthermore, we argue that the analytical culture increases the centralization of data use, but interestingly, we found that this centralization is not associated with data-driven decision making. Our paper positions a long-running debate about information technology-related centralization of authorities in the new context of business analytics.
Law Enforcement and Mental Health: The Limpid Kryptonite—A Clear and Present Danger
Authors: Singletary Gilbert 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe job of a police officer is extremely stressful and members of the law enforcement community exhibit disproportionately higher incidents of depression, PTSD, suicide ideation, and other mental health issues. Unfortunately, these mental health concerns are becoming increasingly grave as negative interactions with the public are more highly publicized than ever before. The present study evaluated the relationship between officers’ regard for their role as a member of law enforcement, years of experience, and awareness of the media, with stress level and PTSD symptoms. Most notable among the findings were that officers with a higher regard for their role as law enforcement, and those with more media awareness, reported higher stress levels and other maladaptive behaviors that negatively impacted their mental health. The current study contributes to the extant literature by exploring the intersectionality between officers’ stress levels, years of experience, PTSD symptomology, perceived identity, and media awareness. The widespread use of social media to publicize the actions of a small minority of law enforcement officers is among the many elements discovered and discussed in the current research.
Concentration and Distribution of Toxic and Essential Elements in Traditional Rice Varieties of Sri Lanka Grown on an Anuradhapura District Farm
Authors: Lockwood Thomas E. , Banati Richard B. , Nikagolla Chandima , Violi Jake P. , Bishop David P. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractToxic heavy metals have been the focus of many investigations into chronic kidney disease of unknown aetiology (CKDu) within Sri Lanka. It has been hypothesised that exposure to nephrotoxic arsenic, cadmium and lead could play a role in the development of CKDu, and these metals have previously been found in unsafe concentrations in Sri Lankan rice. Traditional varieties of Sri Lankan rice remain popular due to their perceived health benefits, but their uptake of trace and toxic heavy metals remained unexplored. Here, we report a one-time, cross-sectional dataset on the concentrations of essential and toxic elements present in eleven samples of polished and unpolished traditional rice varieties, all regularly grown and sold in the Anuradhapura district, a CKDu hotspot. All rice was sourced from the same farm, with the exception of one store bought sample grown on another, unidentified farm. Cadmium concentrations varied significantly between varieties, and potentially unsafe concentrations of cadmium were detected in the store-bought sample (Suwadel, 113±13 μg kg−1). Elemental imaging of the grains revealed lead to be stored mainly in the rice bran, which is removed during polishing, while cadmium was distributed in the edible portion of the grain. Essential elements were generally higher in the traditional rice varieties than those reported for non-traditional varieties and are a potential source of trace elements for nutrient-deficient communities. The concentration of selenium, an element that plays a protective role in the kidneys, was too low to provide the minimum recommended intake. The methods developed in this study could be applied to a more comprehensive study of elemental uptake of rice under controlled growing conditions.
Prognostic significance of liver stiffness in patients with primary biliary cholangitis: validation of Baveno VII criteria
Authors: Ding Dawei , Guo Guanya , Cui Lina , Jia Gui , Wang Xiufang , Zhang Miao , Tian Siyuan , Zheng Linhua , Liu Yansheng , Hu Yinan , Xuan Guoyun , Yang Jiaqi , Yang Chunmei , Sun Ruiqing , Deng Juan , Guo Changcun , Chen Yu , Shang Yulong , Han Ying 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
The role of liver stiffness measurements (LSM) in patients with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) remains to be further elucidated.

Aims
To clarify the prognostic role of LSM and to validate the “novel concepts” proposed by the Baveno VII Working Group.

Methods
An analysis of the prognostic significance of LSM was performed involving 672 patients.

Results
LSM and ΔLSM/ΔT were independent risk factors for liver decompensation, liver transplantation, or liver-related death (primary outcomes, p < 0.001, both). A rule of 5 kPa for LSM (10–15–20 kPa) could be used to denote progressively higher relative risks of primary outcomes. Patients with LSM < 10 kPa have a negligible 3-year risk of primary outcomes (< 1%). Cut-off values of 10 and 15 kPa can be used to classify PBC patients into low-, medium-, and high-risk groups. A clinically significant decrease in LSM, evaluated at 6, 12, or 24 months elastography tests, was associated with a substantially reduced risk of primary outcomes (p < 0.05, all), which can be defined as a decrease in LSM of >  − 20% associated with LSM < 20 kPa or any decrease to LSM < 10 kPa. A clinically significant increase in LSM, evaluated at 6, 12, or 24 months elastography tests, was associated with a substantially raised risk of primary outcomes (p < 0.05, all), which can be defined as an increase in LSM of ≥  + 20% or any increase to LSM ≥ 15 kPa.

Conclusions
LSM can be used to monitor disease progression and predict long-term prognosis in patients with PBC.
Investigation of Dynamic-Mechanical-Thermal Analysis of Innovative Hybrid Carbon/Glass Fibers Reinforced by GNPs and Al2O3 for Marine Structures
Authors: Abu-Okail Mohamed , Ghafaar Metwally Abdel , Elshalakany Abou Bakr , Shiba Mohamed S. , Abu-Oqail Ahmed , Gamil Mohammed 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMarine structural applications face numerous challenges related to environmental load, corrosion, and fatigue under varying time and temperature conditions. One of the major challenges faced by marine structural applications is dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA). In this study, innovative hybrid carbon/glass fibers (CGF) reinforced with different contents (1.5 wt. % and 3 wt. %) of dual nano-powders, including graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) and aluminium oxide (Al2O3), were developed as reinforcements inside the epoxy matrix. The nanocomposites were fabricated using a hand lay-up technique, resulting in a nanocomposite sheet with dimensions of 300 mm length, 200 mm width, and 2.3 mm thickness. DMTA test specimens were prepared with dimensions of 50 mm length, 10 mm width, and 2.3 mm thickness. To ensure accuracy, three replicates were conducted for each condition, and the average values were calculated for analysis. Before DMTA, the prepared nanocomposites were analyzed using optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX) to compare the influence of incorporating dual nano-powders. DMTA was carried out at different temperature values (ranging from 10 °C to 105 °C) and times (ranging from 5 to 575 min) at 1 Hz frequency with a heating rate of 4 °C/min and a nitrogen flow rate of 20 ml/min. The main objective of this study was to investigate the influence of incorporating dual nano-powders such as GNPs and Al2O3on various dynamic mechanical properties including storage modulus, loss modulus, damping factor (DF), and glass transition temperature (Tg) of the hybrid carbon/glass fiber-reinforced epoxy composites. The fabricated hybrid CGF composite with 1.5% wt. GA nanoparticles exhibited higher values for the DF of 0.68 and the Tg of 73.4 °C. However, increasing the nanoparticle content to 3% wt. GA led to a deterioration in the DF (0.54) and a reduction in Tg (27.8 °C) due to decreased bonding between the carbon fibers (CF) and glass fibers (GF) caused by the higher nanoparticle concentration. The complex modulus (E*) values demonstrated expected trends with temperature and time for the CGF-1.5% wt. GA composite, indicating acceptable behaviour. In contrast, the CGF-3% wt. GA composite exhibited lower E* values, indicating a decrease in stiffness and mechanical properties compared to the CGF-1.5% wt. GA composite. Microstructural observations after DMTA revealed a uniform scattering of nanoparticles in the CGF-1.5% wt. GA sample, while the CGF-3% wt. GA sample demonstrated improved scattering of Al2O3nanoparticles on the surface. The microstructural analysis further indicated a brittle nature with high resistance to crack initiation and propagation in the CGF-1.5% wt. GA composite.
Ontology learning from relational database: a review
Authors: Mosca Rosalba , De Santo Massimo , Gaeta Rosario 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA relational database (RDB) is a digital database that uses components (such as constraints, tables, keys, etc.) to manage data in a structured manner. Because of these components, RDBs are considered ’poor’ from a semantic point of view, precisely because of the structure-oriented nature of the components used. One way to eliminate this limitation is to transform the RDB into an ontology. The purpose of this article is to review the different approaches existing in the literature to extract data from an RDB and convert it into ontology instances. Two approaches are used to integrate the mapping between RDBs and ontologies. The first allows ontologies to be extracted from an RDB, the second consists of a mapping of the relational database to an existing ontology. Our proposed review focuses on methods for creating a specific ontology from an RDB. The proposed review examines this field, classifying the methods that will be analyzed according to their inputs and outputs. Such classification may be useful for understanding the usability of methods. The aim is to critically review existing studies to help outline this research topic’s progress and identify methods’ gaps and functionalities.
Fuzzy cellular automaton with slow-to-start property
Authors: Higashi Kohei 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe propose a nonlinear discrete model which incorporates the effects of slow-to-start property into rule 184 fuzzy CA as a mathematical traffic flow model. The exact solutions corresponding to free-flow and congested states are given for the new model. The exact average fluxes of both states are also given. By studying the stability of the uniform solution corresponding to the congested state, the critical point at which congestion does not occur is obtained analytically. This may be the first analytical result on stability of congested states of the models with slow-to-start property. The stability of some typical free-flow states are also discussed analytically.