bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Three years into the pandemic: results of the longitudinal German COPSY study on youth mental health and health-related quality of life
Authors: Ravens-Sieberer Ulrike , Devine Janine , Napp Ann-Kathrin , Kaman Anne , Saftig Lynn , Gilbert Martha , Reiß Franziska , Löffler Constanze , Simon Anja Miriam , Hurrelmann Klaus , Walper Sabine , Schlack Robert , Hölling Heike , Wieler Lothar Heinz , Erhart Michael 
Published: June 2023

PurposeFor the past three years, the German longitudinal COPSY (COVID-19 and PSYchological Health) study has monitored changes in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and the mental health of children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsA nationwide, population-based survey was conducted in May–June 2020 (W1), December 2020–January 2021 (W2), September–October 2021 (W3), February 2022 (W4), and September–October 2022 (W5). In total, n = 2,471 children and adolescents aged 7–17 years (n = 1,673 aged 11–17 years with self-reports) were assessed using internationally established and validated measures of HRQoL (KIDSCREEN-10), mental health problems (SDQ), anxiety (SCARED), depressive symptoms (CES-DC, PHQ-2), psychosomatic complaints (HBSC-SCL), and fear about the future (DFS-K). Findings were compared to prepandemic population-based data.ResultsWhile the prevalence of low HRQoL increased from 15% prepandemic to 48% at W2, it improved to 27% at W5. Similarly, overall mental health problems rose from 18% prepandemic to W1 through W2 (30–31%), and since then slowly declined (W3: 27%, W4: 29%, W5: 23%). Anxiety doubled from 15% prepandemic to 30% in W2 and declined to 25% (W5) since then. Depressive symptoms increased from 15%/10% (CES-DC/PHQ-2) prepandemic to 24%/15% in W2, and slowly decreased to 14%/9% in W5. Psychosomatic complaints are across all waves still on the rise. 32–44% of the youth expressed fears related to other current crises.ConclusionMental health of the youth improved in year 3 of the pandemic, but is still lower than before the pandemic.
Prediction and potential risk factors for electronic cigarette use behaviors among adolescents: a pilot study in Chiayi, Taiwan
Authors: Liu Ping-I , Lin Ming-Nan , Ho Pei-Shan , Tsai Jui-Hsiu , Yang Ya-Hui , Wu Ke-Fei , Chuang Hung-Yi 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionElectronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use among adolescents has become increasingly common; therefore, effectively reducing adolescent e-cigarette use is an urgent issue. We aimed to predict and identify potential factors related to adolescent e-cigarette use behaviors.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted using anonymous questionnaires given to Taiwanese high school students in 2020. Approximately 1,289 adolescent students completed questions on e-cigarette use, personal characteristics, family environment, and substances used. We performed multivariate logistic regression analyses to assess the model’s predictive performance in terms of the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve.ResultsWe found that 9.3% of adolescent students used e-cigarettes. Tobacco smoking, close friends’ reactions to e-cigarette use, and the use of other substances were independent risk factors for adolescent e-cigarette use. Furthermore, relative to tobacco nonuse, tobacco use and tobacco smoking dependence had odds ratios of 76.49 and 113.81, respectively. The predictive accuracy of adolescent e-cigarette use from personal characteristics, family environment, and substance use status was 73.13, 75.91, and 93.80%, respectively.ConclusionThe present study highlights the need for early prevention of e-cigarette use among adolescents, particularly those with a history of using tobacco and other substances and those who have close friends with positive attitudes towards e-cigarette use.
Identifying complementary and alternative medicine recommendations for insomnia treatment and care: a systematic review and critical assessment of comprehensive clinical practice guidelines
Authors: Zhao Fei-Yi , Xu Peijie , Kennedy Gerard A. , Conduit Russell , Zhang Wen-Jing , Wang Yan-Mei , Fu Qiang-Qiang , Zheng Zhen 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundThere is a need for evidence-informed guidance on the use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) for insomnia because of its widespread utilization and a lack of guidance on the balance of benefits and harms. This systematic review aimed to identify and summarize the CAM recommendations associated with insomnia treatment and care from existing comprehensive clinical practice guidelines (CPGs). The quality of the eligible guidelines was appraised to assess the credibility of these recommendations.MethodsFormally published CPGs incorporating CAM recommendations for insomnia management were searched for in seven databases from their inception to January 2023. The NCCIH website and six websites of international guideline developing institutions were also retrieved. The methodological and reporting quality of each included guideline was appraised using the AGREE II instrument and RIGHT statement, respectively.ResultsSeventeen eligible GCPs were included, and 14 were judged to be of moderate to high methodological and reporting quality. The reporting rate of eligible CPGs ranged from 42.9 to 97.1%. Twenty-two CAM modalities were implicated, involving nutritional or natural products, physical CAM, psychological CAM, homeopathy, aromatherapy, and mindful movements. Recommendations for these modalities were mostly unclear, unambiguous, uncertain, or conflicting. Logically explained graded recommendations supporting the CAM use in the treatment and/or care of insomnia were scarce, with bibliotherapy, Tai Chi, Yoga, and auriculotherapy positively recommended based on little and weak evidence. The only consensus was that four phytotherapeutics including valerian, chamomile, kava, and aromatherapy were not recommended for insomnia management because of risk profile and/or limited benefits.ConclusionsExisting guidelines are generally limited in providing clear, evidence-informed recommendations for the use of CAM therapies for insomnia management due to a lack of high-quality evidence and multidisciplinary consultation in CPG development. More well-designed studies to provide reliable clinical evidence are therefore urgently needed. Allowing the engagement of a range of interdisciplinary stakeholders in future updates of CPGs is also warranted.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=369155, identifier: CRD42022369155.
Biological, demographic, and health factors associated with HPV infection in Ecuadorian women
Authors: Roman Carlos , Andrade Diego , Hernández Yenima , Salazar Zoila K. , Espinosa Lizette , Campoverde Erika , Guallaizaca Lourdes , Merchán María , Sarmiento Miriam , Brenner Jonathan 
Published: June 2023

ObjectivesThe study aims to identify the correlation between human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and sociodemographic and sexual reproductive health factors in Ecuadorian women from March to August 2019.Methods120 women were randomly selected from two gynecological clinics to complete a questionnaire and provide a biospecimen. PCR-Hybridization was used to genotype 37 HPV serotypes in samples obtained by endo-cervical brushing for liquid-based cytology. Sociodemographic and sexual health data were collected through a validated questionnaire during a medical consultation. Mathematical modeling of HPV infection was done using bivariate logistic regression.Results65.0% of the women sampled had an HPV infection; 74.3% of these women had co-infections with other HPV genotypes. Out of the women who were HPV positive, 75.6% were diagnosed with high-risk genotypes from HPV strains 18, 35, 52, and 66. Parity, immunosuppression, and use of oral contraception/intrauterine devices (IUDs) were identified as associated variables. The explanatory model had a sensitivity of 89.5% and a specificity of 73.8%.ConclusionThe predominant strains of HPV among Ecuadorian women are diverse. The risk of HPV infection is a complex phenomenon where biological and psychosocial variables are integrated into a model. In populations with limited access to health services, low socioeconomic status, and negative sociocultural beliefs about sexually transmitted infections (STIs), surveys can be used as a pre-screening step for HPV infections. The diagnostic value of the model should be tested in multicenter studies that include women from all over the country.
Estimating the efficiency of primary health care services and its determinants: evidence from provincial panel data in China
Authors: Zhao Zhe , Dong Silai , Wang Jiahe , Jiang Qingzhi 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundThe efficiency of primary health care services is drawing increased attention worldwide, especially in developing countries. Health care reform in China has moved into the ‘deep water zone’ phase and is facing the dilemma of inefficiency in primary health care services, which is a critical challenge for universal health coverage.MethodsIn this study, we estimate the efficiency of primary health care services in China and its determinants. A combination of a super-SBM (Slack-Based Measure) model, a Malmquist productivity index model and a Tobit model is used to study provincial panel data, and the results demonstrate the inefficiency of primary health care services in China and the variations in efficiency values between regions.ResultsOver time, the productivity of primary health care services shows a decreasing trend, mainly due to slowing technology change. Financial support is needed to improve the efficiency of primary health care services, but it is worth noting that existing social health insurance coverage decreases efficiency, while economic development, urbanization and education also have a significant impact.ConclusionThe findings suggest that increasing financial support should remain a priority in developing countries but that reasonable reimbursement design, appropriate payment methods and comprehensive supporting social health insurance policies are key to the next step of reform.
Sex-based differences in the association of leisure-time physical activity with the risk of depression: the Ansan and Ansung study of the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES)
Authors: Park Jae Ho , Lim Nam-Kyoo , Park Hyun-Young 
Published: June 2023

ObjectiveDepression is a serious mental disorder which is the leading cause of suicide. This study investigated the association between incident depression and 4-year leisure-time physical activity (PA) levels and/or resistance training (RT).MethodsThis community-based Korean cohort included 3,967 participants without depression at baseline. The average PA-time (the total duration of moderate-intensity leisure-time PA) up to 4 years prior to baseline enrollment was calculated to evaluate the cumulative levels of PA. Participants were divided into four groups based on their average PA-time: “Non-PA,” “ &lt;150 min/week,” “150–299 min/week,” and “≥300 min/week.” Furthermore, based on compliance to PA guidelines (≥150 min/week of PA-time) and participation in RT, the participants were categorized into four subgroups: “Low-PA,” “Low-PA+RT,” “High-PA,” and “High-PA+RT.” A multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to assess the 4-year incidence of depression according to leisure-time PA levels and/or regularity of RT.ResultsDuring the mean 3.72 ± 0.69 years of follow-up, 432 participants (10.89%) developed depression. In women, performing 150–299 min/week of moderate-intensity leisure-time PA was associated with a 38% risk reduction for incident depression (HR, 0.62; CI, 0.43–0.89; p &lt; 0.05), whereas more than 300 min/week of that was related to a 44% risk reduction for incident depression (HR, 0.56; CI, 0.35–0.89; p &lt; 0.05) as compared to that in the Non-PA group. However, in men, there was no significant relationship between the amount of leisure-time PA per week and the risk of incident depression. Moreover, in both sexes, RT had no significant effect on depression in either the Low-PA or High-PA group.ConclusionsThere was an inverse dose–response association between leisure-time PA levels and incident depression only in women, whereas adding RT to high levels of PA had no significant effect on depression in either sex.
A systematic review of self-medication practice during the COVID-19 pandemic: implications for pharmacy practice in supporting public health measures
Authors: Zheng Yu , Liu Jiayu , Tang Pou Kuan , Hu Hao , Ung Carolina Oi Lam 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionSince the COVID-19 pandemic, self-medication had become highly popular due to the risk of virus infection and overwhelming medical resources. Pharmacists are well-positioned to provide public health education and disease prevention. This study aims to provide an overview of the research about self-medication during COVID-19 and the role of pharmacists in ensuring the drug safety related to self-medication.MethodsDatabases (PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, EBSCO host, and Web of Science) were searched for published studies on the practice of self-medication in COVID-19 pandemic without restriction in population and location. Primary search terms were “self-medication,” “self-care,” “self-management,” “non-prescription drugs,” “2019nCoV,” and “COVID-19.” Studies conducted during the pandemic but not exclusively for COVID-19 disease were eligible for inclusion.ResultsThe database search yielded a total of 4,752 papers. After appropriate screening, 62 articles met the inclusion criteria. Most of the studies were cross-sectional in nature. The review highlighted a very high prevalence of self-medication during COVID-19, ranging from 7.14 to 88.3%. The purpose of self-medication was mainly to treat and prevent COVID-19; fever, body aches, cough, headache, and sore throat were the most frequently mentioned indications. Categories of drugs commonly used in self-medication included antibiotics, herbs, vitamins, and analgesics, most of which came from pharmacies. Information about self-medication usually obtained from relatives and friends, social networks and health care professionals. Common reasons for self-medication included saving money and time, prior experience and mild illness; reasons associated with COVID-19 were mainly fear of contracting the virus and poor access to doctors. Gender, age, education, marital status, and concern about COVID-19 were the most usual associated factors. The role of pharmacists in self-medication included sources of information, advice on medication use, and management of adverse reactions.ConclusionDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, self-medication practices were widespread and varied across countries and populations. Self-medication has emerged as an important component of health care, but also as a huge global challenge. The engagement of healthcare administrators and policy makers are essential to regulate self-medication practices. The expertise and favorable conditions of pharmacists make them positioned as key roles in public health interventions for self-medication.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=395423, identifier CRD42023395423.
Adverse childhood experiences, unhealthy lifestyle, and nonsuicidal self-injury: findings from six universities in Shaanxi province, China
Authors: Zhang Lei , Wang Wenhua , Chen Yan , Abudoula Aisimila , Wang Xue , Yuan Xiaoxiao , Luo Yi , Wu Mingyang , Ma Le 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundNonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a serious public health problem. The role of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and lifestyle on the risk for NSSI is still underexplored, especially among college students. We aimed to investigate the association of ACEs with the risk of NSSI, and effect modifications by lifestyle among college students.MethodsA total of 18,723 college students from six universities were recruited through a multistage, random cluster sampling method in Shaanxi province, China. The Adverse Childhood Experiences International Questionnaire was used to assess ACEs for each participant, and the Chinese version of the Ottawa Self-injury Inventory was used to assess the presence or absence of NSSI behaviors. Information about lifestyle was collected by a self-designed questionnaire. The associations of NSSI with ACEs and lifestyle were analyzed using logistic regression models. Furthermore, we constructed a combination score of multiple lifestyles and evaluated whether lifestyle modified the effect of ACEs on the risk of NSSI.ResultsThe prevalence of NSSI for the past 1 month, 6 months, and 12 months was 3.8, 5.3, and 6.5%, respectively. 82.6% of participants have reported experiencing at least one type of ACEs, and participants with higher levels of ACEs (≥4) were more likely to have higher odds of developing NSSI during the past 1 month (OR, 4.10; 95%CI, 3.38–4.97), 6 months (OR, 4.76; 95%CI, 4.03–5.62), and 12 months (OR, 5.62; 95%CI, 4.83–6.55), as compared with participants with low levels of ACEs (0–1). There were additive interactions between ACEs and lifestyle. Compared with participants with low levels of ACEs and healthy lifestyle, participants with high levels of ACEs and unhealthy lifestyle had the highest odds of NSSI during the past 1 month (OR, 5.56; 95%CI, 3.80–8.31), 6 months (OR, 6.62; 95%CI, 4.73–9.42), and 12 months (OR, 7.62; 95%CI, 5.59–10.52).ConclusionThese results suggest that ACEs play an important role in the occurrence of NSSI among college students, especially in those with unhealthy lifestyle. Our findings may help develop targeted intervention strategies for the prevention of NSSI.
Long-term development of performance, physiological, and training characteristics in a world-class female biathlete
Authors: Solli Guro Strøm , Flom Andrine Håstul , Talsnes Rune Kjøsen 
Published: June 2023

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate the long-term development of performance, physiological, and training characteristics in a world-class female biathlete, with emphasis on differences between junior and senior athlete seasons.MethodsThe participant is a highly decorated female biathlete with 22 (10 gold) medals from international championships and 28 individual World Cup wins. Performance development (ages 17–33), physiological tests (ages 22–33), and day-to-day physical and shooting training (ages 17–33) were analyzed. Training data were systemized by endurance [low-intensity training (LIT), moderate-intensity training (MIT), and high-intensity training (HIT)], exercise mode, and strength training. Shooting training recorded for each session included the number of shots fired during rest, LIT, MIT, HIT, or competitions and time spent on dry fire training.ResultsThe annual volume of physical training (409–792 h·season−1) and number of shots fired (1,163–17,328 shots·season−1) increased from the age of 17 to 28 followed by a subsequent reduction in physical training (range 657–763 h·season−1) and shots fired (13,275–15,355 shots·season−1) during the seasons of peak performance at ages 31–33. Maximal oxygen uptake in roller ski skating increased by 10% (62.9–69.2 ml·kg−1·min−1) from the age of 22 to 27. The physical training volume was 48% higher (694 ± 60 vs. 468 ± 23 h·season−1, P = .030), with 175% more shots fired (14,537 ± 1,109 vs. 5,295 ± 3,425 shots·season−1, P = .016) as a senior athlete than a junior athlete. In the physical training, these differences were mainly explained by higher volumes of LIT (602 ± 56 vs. 392 ± 22 h·season−1, P = .032) and MIT (34 ± 1 vs. 7 ± 2 h·season−1, P = .001) but less HIT (27 ± 1 vs. 42 ± 3 h·season−1, P = .006) as a senior than a junior. In line with this, shooting training as a senior included more shots fired both at rest (5,035 ± 321 vs. 1,197 ± 518 shots·season−1, P = .011) and during LIT (7,440 ± 619 vs. 2,663 ± 1,975 shots·season−1, P = .031), while a smaller insignificant difference was observed in the number of shots fired in connection with MIT, HIT, and competitions (2,061 ± 174 vs. 1,435 ± 893 shots·season−1, P = .149).ConclusionsThis study provides unique insights into the long-term development of physical and shooting training from junior to senior in a world-class female biathlete. The major differences in training characteristics between junior and senior athlete seasons were higher sport-specific volumes of LIT and MIT and less HIT. These differences were accompanied by more shooting training, particularly at rest, and in connection with LIT.
The Compound Forest–Medicinal Plant System Enhances Soil Carbon Utilization
Authors: Yu Yaohong , Lin Xi , Guo Yundan , Guan Zhuizhui , Tan Jinhao , Chen Dong , Su Yan , Li Jiyue , Qiu Quan , He Qian 
Published: June 2023

The sensible use of forest resources and the sound management of forests have become increasingly important throughout the years. In keeping with the trend, a composite forestry operation model has emerged. Traditional Chinese culture and forest management are particularly intertwined in China. Thus, use of the forest–medicine compound management model is recommended. The majority of research on the management of forest–medicine compounds has focused on how to grow more effective medicinal plants, ignoring the effects of the chemicals used on the soil environment, particularly the soil micro-environment. A forest–medicine system was established in South China to investigate the impacts of planting Aspidistra elatior on the variety of rhizospheric microorganisms and their ability to use carbon sources. In the plots with or without A. elatior, three dominant plants (Castanopsis hystrix, Psychotria rubra, and Ficus hirta) grew soil rhizosphere microbes, which were analyzed using Biolog EcoPlates. The study found that planting medicinal plants in the understory improved the soil’s nutritional content, increased the inter-root microbial communities of other medicinal plants, and enhanced the microbes’ ability to use soil carbon sources. The forest–medicine complex model, which rationalizes the use of forest clearings and generates economic and ecological benefits, can significantly increase the quantity of dominant microorganisms and enhance the enrichment of other species, resulting in a positive impact on the soil environment. These findings suggest that the forest–medicine compound management model can improve the use of soil carbon sources throughout the forest system.
Pengelompokan Daerah Rawan Kriminalitas di Sulawesi Selatan Menggunakan Metode K-means Clustering
Authors: Irwan Irwan , Sanusi Wahida , Saman Febriyanto 
Published: June 2023

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian terapan yang menekankan cara melaksanakan analisis cluster secara matematis, mengetahui bagaimana aplikasi k-means clustering, dan ciri dari setiap kelompok daerah rawan kriminalitas. Adapun data simulasi yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah data yang diperoleh dari Badan Pusat Statistika (BPS) Propinsi Sulawesi Selatan. Data tersebut selanjutnya dianalisis dengan metode K-means clustering. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa terdapat empat ciri dari tiap kelompok daerah rawan kriminalitas di Sulawesi Selatan. Kelompok 1 masuk kategori daerah yang cukup aman kriminalitas, Kelompok 2 masuk kategori daerah yang rawan kriminalitas, kelompok 3 masuk ketegori daerah yang aman kriminalitas, dan kelompok 4 masuk kategori daerah yang cukup rawan kriminalitas. Kata Kunci: Analisis Cluster,K-means Clustering, KriminalitasThis research is an applied research that emphasizes how to carry out cluster analysis mathematically, knowing how to apply k-means clustering, and the characteristics of each group of crime-prone areas. The simulation data used in this study is data obtained from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) of South Sulawesi Province. The data was then analyzed by the K-means clustering method. The results of the study show that there are four characteristics of each group of crime-prone areas in South Sulawesi. Group 1 is categorized as a crime-safe area, Group 2 is categorized as a crime-prone area, group 3 is categorized as a crime-safe area, and group 4 is categorized as an area that is quite prone to crime.Keywords: Cluster Analysis, K-means Clustering, Crime.