bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of UV radiation-absorbing foils on secondary plant metabolites in three lettuce cultivars (Lactuca sativa L. and Cichorium intybus L.)
Authors: Laurenčíková Nikola , Živčák Marek , Neugart Susanne , Pöhnl Tobias 
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Providing fresh and healthy vegetables, produced locally and under climate-friendly conditions, is a major challenge for future agriculture. The usage of foil tunnels prolongs cultivation periods in colder climates and reduces abiotic and biotic stress factors during crop growth, but it may also affect nutritional value and consumer perception due to the altered light spectrum.Methods and results: Three different foils, one with low UV transmission, another with reduced UVB transmission, and a control foil with high UV transmission, were used to modulate light conditions for three different lettuce cultivars [radicchio type (cv. Indigo), romaine type (cv. Attico), and butterhead type (cv. Larissa)]. Taste-relevant sesquiterpene lactones and health-relevant carotenoids and polyphenols were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography, which revealed that light conditions are widely irrelevant for carotenoid concentrations. However, when UV-shielding foils were used, there was an up to 66% decrease in total polyphenol concentration. Less reduction could be achieved through the use of partially UV-transmissive foils. Sesquiterpene lactone concentrations were higher in plants under UV-blocking foils, when radicchio-type lettuce, naturally rich in sesquiterpene lactones, was cultivated.Discussion: It is noteworthy that the sesquiterpene lactone lactucopicrin had a negative correlation with UVB intensities, while lactucin was unaffected. The nutritional value, measured by three different antioxidant activity assays, also benefited from an optimized foil choice with higher UV transmission.
Carcinoma neuroendocrino de canal anal: Caso Clínico.
Authors: García Vega Celia , Fábregues Olea Ana Isabel , Romero Simó Manuel , Ramia Ángel Jose Manuel 
Published: September 2023

Introducción: Los carcinomas neuroendocrinos (NEC) de canal anal son neoplasias extremadamente raras, representando del 1 a 1,6% de la totalidad de los tumores neuroendocrinos (NET). Suelen ser poco diferenciados, muy agresivos y con alta tendencia a metastatizar.Caso Clínico: Mujer de 52 años diagnosticada de fisura anal. Durante la esfinterotomía lateral interna (ELI) se evidencia un pólipo milimétrico aparentemente hiperplásico. Biopsia: NEC de alto grado.En el estudio de extensión se observa engrosamiento de la mucosa del canal anal que invade el esfínter interno, sin enfermedad a distancia. Se realiza amputación abdominoperineal laparoscópica donde se objetiva infiltración del tabique rectovaginal, por lo que se realiza resección y vaginoplastia. AP: NEC con estadio PT4B N2A, por lo que se indica quimioterapia adyuvante.Discusión: La presentación clínica de los NEC de canal anal es inespecífica, diferenciandose de otros tumores colorrectales en que hasta el 67% de los pacientes presentan metástasis al diagnóstico, siendo la supervivencia media de 11 meses. Si diagnosticamos un NEC localizado de forma incidental, es fundamental la celeridad en su tratamiento, dada su agresividad.
Índice neutrófilo linfocito como predictor de infección del sitio quirúrgico en cirugía abdominal urgente
Authors: Martínez-López Juan David , Calderón-Herrera Elizabeth , Tacías-López Marco , Sánchez-Valdivieso Enrique Alejandro 
Published: September 2023

Introducción: Las infecciones del sitio quirúrgico representan una carga significativa en relación con la morbilidad, la mortalidad y costos adicionales. Por lo tanto, la prevención es importante.Objetivo: Comparar el índice neutrófilos-linfocitos con la escala SENIC para predecir infección del sitio quirúrgico en pacientes que sufrieron una cirugía abdominal de urgencia.Materiales y Métodos: Estudio transversal analítico, realizado en el Hospital de Alta Especialidad de Veracruz en expedientes de pacientes post-operados de urgencia, valorándose la escala SENIC (que incluye tipo de cirugía, duración del procedimiento, grado de asepsia de la intervención y 3 o más diagnósticos posoperatorios) y el índice neutrófilos-linfocitos (definido como la razón neutrófilos sobre linfocitos).Resultados: La edad promedio de los pacientes fue de 47,7 ± 18,7 años, con un predominio del sexo masculino 83 (62%); la estancia hospitalaria media fue de 29,7 ± 14,7 días, los procedimientos fueron la laparotomía exploradora en 57 (42,2%) y la apendicectomía en 26 (19,2%). Se aisló Escherichia coli en 27 (30%). Se obtuvo una sensibilidad de 69% y especificidad de 58% para el índice neutrófilos-linfocitos y para SENIC una sensibilidad 45% y una especificidad de 73%. Las estadísticas C para el índice neutrófilos-linfocitos y SENIC fueron 0,603 (IC: 0,524 - 0,682) y 0,668 (IC 95%: 0,588 - 0,749), respectivamente.Discusión y Conclusión: Ambos métodos muestran una precisión predictiva similar para infección del sitio quirúrgico, si bien calcular el índice neutrófilos-linfocitos es mucho más rápido y sencillo.
Technology of using powdered activated carbon: the experience of SUE «Vodokanal of St. Petersburg»
Authors: Волков С.Н. , Лукьянчук М.Ю. , Рублевская О.Н. , Гвоздев В.А. , Портнова Т.М. , Галактионова О.Д. , Акчурин А.Ш. , Самонин В.В. , Подвязников М.Л. , Спиридонова Е.А. , Рябых В.Р. , Мехнецов И.А. 
Published: September 2023

В условиях прогрессирующей урбанизации территорий, повышения антропогенного воздействия на окружающую среду, глобального изменения климата, высокой вероятности экологических и техногенных катастроф, исчерпания природных ресурсов и современной демографической ситуации увеличивается риск снижения уровня безопасности питьевого водоснабжения. В настоящее время значительно возросла степень вероятного загрязнения водоисточников вследствие возможных террористических актов или возникновения техногенных катастроф. Существует потенциальная вероятность обнаружения в воде водозаборных сооружений токсичных химических веществ. Поверхностные источники водоснабжения подвержены значительным колебаниям качества воды по причинам влияния природного и антропогенного факторов. Одной из ключевых задач следует рассматривать возможность оперативного и эффективного воздействия на загрязнение воды водоисточника органическими веществами естественного и искусственного происхождения с целью исключения подачи воды потребителю ненормативного качества. Выполнена оценка целесообразности повышения надежности сорбционных технологий наряду с организацией производственных процессов, отвечающих современным требованиям.
In the context of progressive urbanization of territories, increasing anthropogenic impact on the environment, global climate change, high probability of environmental and manmade disasters, depletion of natural resources and the current demographic situation, the risk of reducing the level of safety of drinking water supply increases. At present, the threat of probable pollution of water sources due to possible terrorist sabotages or manmade disasters has significantly increased. There is a potential hazard of detecting toxic chemicals in intake water. Surface sources of water supply are subject to significant fluctuations in water quality owing to the impact of natural and anthropogenic factors. One of the key tasks to be considered is possible prompt and effective neutralization of the water source pollution with organic substances of natural and artificial origin in order to eliminate supplying water of non-normative quality to the consumers. The feasibility of increasing the reliability of sorption technologies alongside with introducing production processes that meet modern requirements has been estimated.
Coverage Analysis of IRS-Aided Millimeter-Wave Networks: A Practical Approach
Authors: Etcibasi Abdullah , Aktas Emre 
Published: September 2023

<p>Intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRSs) have become a popular topic in recent years for their great potential for controlling the radio link environment of wireless networks. With this controlled environment, the coverage can be increased. This paper examines the coverage analysis of IRS-aided networks, considering both two-dimensional buildings and the product-distance path loss model for the first time. Leveraging the tools from stochastic geometry, the locations of base stations (BSs), buildings, and IRSs are modeled with a homogeneous Poisson point process (PPP). A Gamma approximation for the distribution of the nearest line-of-sight (LoS)-neighbor distance is proposed, leading to a closed-form expression for the distribution of the product-distance. Feasible BSs are defined as BSs which are reachable via an IRS deployed on a specific facade of a building, and the ratio of feasible BSs is derived. Simulations are performed, which confirm the proposed analytical methods. In the numerical results, it is observed that the IRSs can introduce up to a 45\% coverage boost, and the effect of the IRS length on the coverage probability is limited beyond 1.2 meters at 60 GHz.</p>
An exterior plane algorithm for linear programming
Authors: Sampath G 
Published: September 2023

<p>An algorithm that solves a linear program by using planes exterior to the feasible region is described. Given a linear program in standard form, a constraint derived from the given objective function is added to the constraint set, and the objective function is removed. The added constraint is designed to make the program infeasible. It is then incrementally and unidirectionally moved toward the solution vertex in cycles, which causes the constraint set to change each time. A cycle consists of two steps: moving the added constraint and testing the updated constraint set for feasibility. Ultimately the moving constraint reaches the solution vertex and the program becomes feasible, this signals both the solution of the program and termination of the algorithm. Because of unidirectionality, the algorithm is guaranteed to terminate. If fixed point arithmetic with B bit numbers is used and feasibility testing complexity with N variables is O(f(N)), then the worst-case complexity of the incremental exterior plane algorithm is 2^B O(f(N)). f(N) is O(N^3) with the simplex method and O(N^3.5) with many interior point methods. The algorithm can be substantially improved by using binary search, the resulting complexity is O(B f(N)). The algorithm is compared qualitatively with three types of LP algorithms: simplex, ellipsoid, and interior point. </p>
PROXIMAL BELLMAN MAPPINGS FOR REINFORCEMENT LEARNING AND THEIR APPLICATION TO ROBUST ADAPTIVE FILTERING
Authors: Akiyama Yuki , Slavakis Konstantinos 
Published: September 2023

<p>This paper aims at the algorithmic/theoretical core of reinforcement learning (RL) by introducing the novel class of proximal Bellman mappings. These mappings are defined in reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces (RKHSs), to benefit from the rich approximation properties and inner product of RKHSs, they are shown to belong to the powerful Hilbertian family of (firmly) nonexpansive mappings, regardless of the values of their discount factors, and possess ample degrees of design freedom to even reproduce attributes of the classical Bellman mappings and to pave the way for novel RL designs. An approximate policy-iteration scheme is built on the proposed class of mappings to solve the problem of selecting online, at every time instance, the “optimal” exponent p in a p-norm loss to combat outliers in linear adaptive filtering, without training data and any knowledge on the statistical properties of the outliers. Numerical tests on synthetic data showcase the superior performance of the proposed framework over several non-RL and kernel-based RL schemes.</p>
<p><br></p>
<p> </p>
<p>----</p>
<p> © 20XX IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works. </p>
Harmonizing Epochs: Blockchain Technology at the Intersection of Friedman’s Monetary Policy and Keynesian Economic Principles
Authors: Bodemer Oliver 
Published: September 2023

<p>The advent of blockchain technology has ushered in a new era of innovation, potentially reshaping the landscape of various industries, including the financial and insurance sectors. This study seeks to explore the intricate interplay between blockchain technology and two pivotal economic theories: Friedman’s monetary policy and Keynesian economic principles. Through meticulous analysis, this research aims to unravel the potential synergies and conflicts that emerge when modern technology meets established economic doctrines. </p>
<p>At the heart of this research is a comprehensive case study on Allianz, a prominent insurance company in Germany, which has embarked on a journey to integrate blockchain technology into its operations. This case study serves as a microcosm to understand the broader implications of blockchain technology in the context of Friedman’s emphasis on monetary stability and Keynesian advocacy for government intervention in economic management. </p>
<p>By dissecting Allianz’s initiatives, this study delves into the nuances of blockchain implementation, examining its potential to foster efficiency, transparency, and economic stimulation, facets that resonate well with the theories propounded by Friedman and Keynes. Furthermore, this research scrutinizes the regulatory challenges and opportunities that emerge in this transformative journey, offering a balanced perspective on the potential harmonization of these epochs. </p>
<p>Through this research, a nuanced dialogue is fostered that bridges the gap between technology and economic theory, paving the way for a harmonized future where innovation complements tradition. By harmonizing these epochs, a future is envisioned where blockchain technology not only revolutionizes industries but also aligns seamlessly with enduring economic principles, fostering a symbiotic relationship that propels society towards sustainable growth and development. </p>
ESSDM: An Enhanced Sparse Swarm Decomposition Method and Its Application in Multi‐class Motor Imagery–Based EEG-BCI System
Authors: Bhalerao Shailesh , Pachori Ram Bilas 
Published: September 2023

<p>Electroencephalography (EEG)-based motor imagery (MI) decoding has established a novel experimental paradigm in brain-computer interface (BCI) applications that offer effective treatment for stroke paralyzed patients. However, existing MI-EEG-based BCI systems introduce deployment issues because of nonstationary EEG signals, suboptimal features, and limited multi-class scalability. To tackle these issues, we propose an enhanced sparse swarm decomposition method (ESSDM) based on selfish-herd optimization and sparse spectrum to solve the issue of choice of uniform decomposition and hyper-parameters in swarm decomposition and applied to enhance MI-EEG classification. ESSDM adopts improved swarm filtering to automatically deliver optimal frequency bands in sparse spectrums with optimized hyper-parameters to extract dominant oscillatory components (OCs) that significantly enhance MI activation-related sub-bands. In addition, new fitness criteria is designed based on the Kullback–Leibler divergence distance from spectral kurtosis of obtained modes to select hyper-parameters that optimize decomposition effect, avoid excessive iterations, and provide fast convergence with optimal modes. Further, fused time-frequency graph (FTFG) features were derived from computed time-frequency representation to find cross-channel mutual spectral information. The experimental results on the 2-class BCI III-4a and 4-class BCI IV-2a datasets reveal that the proposed FTFG feature with CapsNet classifier framework (ESSDM-FTFG-CapsNet) outperformed existing methods in specific-subject and cross-subject scenarios. </p>
On the Performance of Uplink Power-Domain NOMA with Imperfect CSI and SIC in 6G Networks
Authors: Ozduran Volkan , Mohammadi Mohammadali , Nomikos Nikolaos , Ansari Imran Shafique , Trakadas Panagiotis 
Published: September 2023

<p>Sixth generation (6G) networks must adopt spectral-efficient communication techniques to ensure massive connectivity for coexisting humans and machines. However, the impact of various practical issues must be analyzed and addressed, including imperfect channel state information (CSI), stemming by the channel estimation error (CEE) and feedback delay (F-D) with time-variant channels. This paper focuses on these issues in the context of uplink networks, relying on power-domain non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA). Moreover, the degrading effect of imperfect successive interference cancellation (SIC), when randomly deployed multiple mobile terminals communicate with a single base station (BS) is considered. The system performance is measured by means of outage probability, error probability, ergodic rate, throughput, energy efficiency, and spectral efficiency. Analytical, asymptotic, and computer simulation results demonstrate that CEE causes system coding gain losses for low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) while the disruptive effects of CEE become negligible in the high SNR. Results also show that F-D does not degrade the system performance in the low SNR but it causes system coding gain losses for high SNR. Also, imperfect SIC does not have any detrimental effect on the system performance for low SNR but results in reduced coding gain for high SNR. </p>
Pengaruh Strategi Pembelajaran Question Student Have dengan Teknik Roda Keberuntungan terhadap Motivasi dan Hasil Belajar Kognitif Siswa
Authors: Oktaviana Dinda , Wulandari Nurma , Hazwani Heru 
Published: September 2023

Based on the results of initial observations that have been carried out at Teuku Umar Junior High School Surabaya, it was found a problem that motivation and learning outcomes are still in the medium category and still need to be improved, as evidenced by the results of interviews with biology subject teachers and the results of odd semester tests there are still students who the value is below the KKM. The purpose of this study is to describe students' learning motivation by applying the question student have learning strategy with the wheel of fortune technique and explain the effect of the question student have learning strategy with the wheel of fortune technique on the cognitive learning outcomes of seventh grade students of Teuku Umar Middle School Surabaya in the 2019/2020 school year. This type of research is a quasi-experimental research design with posttest-only nonequivalent control group design. The population in this study were all seventh grade students of Teuku Umar Junior High School Surabaya with a research sample of VIIA grade students with 19 students as the experimental class and VIIB class students with 19 students as the control class, which were taken using purposive sampling technique. The instruments used in this study were observation sheets, questionnaires and tests. There are two ways to analyze the data in this study, namely descriptively for students' learning motivation and hypothesis testing with t-test for students' cognitive learning outcomes. The results showed that the percentage of students' learning motivation in the experimental class was 71.7% in the good category and the control class was 69.9% in the good category. While the average cognitive learning outcomes of students in the experimental class is 70.26 and in the control class is 60.4. Analysis of learning outcomes with t-test at a significant level of 5% obtained tcount of 3.56 while the value of ttable with dk 36 of 2.04. This means that tcount ≥ ttable (3.56 ≥ 2.04). Thus, it can be concluded that there is an effect of the question student have learning strategy with the wheel of fortune technique on students' cognitive learning outcomes.
Dampak Rencana Kerja Anggaran Dan Laporan Realisasi Anggaran Pendapatan Dan Belanja Daerah Pada Kinerja Keuangan
Authors: Mulyanti Dwinta , Fitri Anisa 
Published: September 2023

Bentuk lemahnya kinerja keuangan Pemerintah Daerah yang terjadi akibat adanya perencanaan anggaran yang tumpang tindih dengan alokasi belanja menjadi fenomena dalam penelitian ini. Tujuan yang ingin dicapai untuk dapat mengetahui dampak secara parsial maupun secara simultan Perencanaan Anggaran dan Realisasi Anggaran periode 2017-2021 terhadap kinerja keuangan di Dinas Keuangan dan Aset Daerah. Penelitian yang dilakukan menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan pendekatannya deskriptif verifikatif dengan memanfaatkan data sekunder, dimana laporan keuangan yang dianalisis dalam rentan periode 2017-2021. Penelitian menunjukkan rencana anggaran memiliki dampak yang tidak signifikan berdasarkan secara parsial pada kinerja keuangan. Dalam hal ini, laporan pelaksanaan APBN tidak berpengaruh signifikan pada kinerja keuangan. Sementara itu, rencana kerja anggaran dan laporan realisasi anggaran tidak berdampak signifikan pada kinerja keuangan di pemerintah daerah. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang diperoleh dapat disampaikan bahwa perlu meningkatkan efektivitas dari proses perencanaan anggaran dan memaksimalkan realisasi anggaran sehingga peningkatan kinerja keuangan dapat tercapai.
Abstract
The form of weak local government financial performance that occurs due to budget planning that overlaps with expenditure allocations is a phenomenon in this study. The goal to be achieved is to be able to determine the impact partially or simultaneously on Budget Planning and Budget Realization for the 2017-2021 period on financial performance in the Regional Finance and Asset Services. The research was conducted using quantitative methods with a descriptive verification approach. The results of the research show that the budget plan has an insignificant impact based partially on financial performance. In this case, the APBN implementation report has no significant effect on financial performance. Meanwhile, budget work plans and budget realization reports do not have a significant impact on financial performance in local governments. Based on research results, budget planning and budget realization reports that are effective and realized can improve their performance.
Molecular Abundance of the Circumnuclear Region Surrounding an Active Galactic Nucleus in NGC 1068 Based on an Imaging Line Survey in the 3 mm Band with ALMA
Authors: Nakajima Taku , Takano Shuro , Tosaki Tomoka , Taniguchi Akio , Harada Nanase , Saito Toshiki , Imanishi Masatoshi , Nishimura Yuri , Izumi Takuma , Tamura Yoichi , Kohno Kotaro , Herbst Eric 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We present an imaging molecular line survey in the 3 mm band (85–114 GHz) focused on one of the nearest galaxies with an active galactic nucleus (AGN), NGC 1068, based on observations taken with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array. Distributions of 23 molecular transitions are obtained in the central ∼3 kpc region, including both the circumnuclear disk (CND) and starburst ring (SBR) with 60 and 350 pc resolution. The column densities and relative abundances of all the detected molecules are estimated under the assumption of local thermodynamic equilibrium in the CND and SBR. Then, we discuss the physical and chemical effects of the AGN on molecular abundance corresponding to the observation scale. We found that H13CN, SiO, HCN, and H13CO+ are abundant in the CND relative to the SBR. In contrast, 13CO is more abundant in the SBR. Based on the calculated column density ratios of N(HCN)/N(HCO+), N(HCN)/N(CN), and other molecular distributions, we conclude that the enhancement of HCN in the CND may be due to high-temperature environments resulting from strong shocks, which are traced by the SiO emission. Moreover, the abundance of CN in the CND is significantly lower than the expected value of the model calculations in the region affected by strong radiation. The expected strong X-ray irradiation from the AGN has a relatively lower impact on the molecular abundance in the CND than mechanical feedback.