bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of “Yima Nkqo,” a community-based, peer group intervention to support treatment initiation for young adults with HIV in South Africa
Authors: Nardell Maria F. , Sindelo Siyaxolisa , Rousseau Elzette , Siko Nomakaziwe , Fuzile Pamela , Julies Robin , Bassett Ingrid V. , Mellins Claude A. , Bekker Linda-Gail , Butler Lisa M. , Katz Ingrid T. 
Published: June 2023

Aims
Half of young adults diagnosed with HIV in South Africa start antiretroviral therapy (ART). We developed and field tested a facilitator-guided peer support group called Yima Nkqo (“Standing Tall” in isiXhosa) to promote treatment initiation for young adults newly diagnosed with HIV in communities around Cape Town.

Methods
Following an adapted version of the UK Medical Research Council’s framework for developing complex interventions, we 1) identified evidence on previous interventions to improve ART uptake in sub-Saharan Africa; 2) collected and analyzed qualitative data on the acceptability of our proposed intervention; 3) proposed a theoretical understanding of the process of behavior change; and 4) developed an intervention manual and feedback tools. During field-testing, participant feedback on intervention acceptability, and team feedback on consistency of content delivery and facilitation quality, were analyzed using an iterative, rapid-feedback evaluation approach. In-depth written and verbal summaries were shared in weekly team meetings. Team members interpreted feedback, identified areas for improvement, and proposed suggestions for intervention modifications.

Results
Based on our formative research, we developed three, 90-minute sessions with content including HIV and ART education, reflection on personal resources and strengths, practice disclosing one’s status, strategies to overcome stressors, and goal setting to start treatment. A lay facilitator was trained to deliver intervention content. Two field testing groups (five and four participants, respectively) completed the intervention. Participants highlighted that strengths of Yima Nkqo included peer support, motivation, and education about HIV and ART. Team feedback to the facilitator ensured optimal consistency of intervention content delivery.

Conclusions
Iteratively developed in collaboration with youth and healthcare providers, Yima Nkqo is a promising new intervention to improve treatment uptake among young adults with HIV in South Africa. The next phase will be a pilot randomized controlled trial of Yima Nkqo (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04568460).
Evaluation of data processing pipelines on real-world electronic health records data for the purpose of measuring patient similarity
Authors: Pikoula Maria , Kallis Constantinos , Madjiheurem Sephora , Quint Jennifer K. , Bafadhel Mona , Denaxas Spiros 
Published: June 2023

Background
The ever-growing size, breadth, and availability of patient data allows for a wide variety of clinical features to serve as inputs for phenotype discovery using cluster analysis. Data of mixed types in particular are not straightforward to combine into a single feature vector, and techniques used to address this can be biased towards certain data types in ways that are not immediately obvious or intended. In this context, the process of constructing clinically meaningful patient representations from complex datasets has not been systematically evaluated.

Aims
Our aim was to a) outline and b) implement an analytical framework to evaluate distinct methods of constructing patient representations from routine electronic health record data for the purpose of measuring patient similarity. We applied the analysis on a patient cohort diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Methods
Using data from the CALIBER data resource, we extracted clinically relevant features for a cohort of patients diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. We used four different data processing pipelines to construct lower dimensional patient representations from which we calculated patient similarity scores. We described the resulting representations, ranked the influence of each individual feature on patient similarity and evaluated the effect of different pipelines on clustering outcomes. Experts evaluated the resulting representations by rating the clinical relevance of similar patient suggestions with regard to a reference patient.

Results
Each of the four pipelines resulted in similarity scores primarily driven by a unique set of features. It was demonstrated that data transformations according to each pipeline prior to clustering can result in a variation of clustering results of over 40%. The most appropriate pipeline was selected on the basis of feature ranking and clinical expertise. There was moderate agreement between clinicians as measured by Cohen’s kappa coefficient.

Conclusions
Data transformation has downstream and unforeseen consequences in cluster analysis. Rather than viewing this process as a black box, we have shown ways to quantitatively and qualitatively evaluate and select the appropriate preprocessing pipeline.
The association between hyperlipidemia, lipid-lowering drugs and diabetic peripheral neuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Chang Kuo-Cheng , Pai Yen-Wei , Lin Ching-Heng , Lee I-Te , Chang Ming-Hong 
Published: June 2023

Aims
Previous studies showed conflicting relationship between hyperlipidemia, lipid-lowering therapy and diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). As most of these works emerges from the Western and Australian countries, our study aims to investigate whether hyperlipidemia or lipid-lowering therapy (LLT) is associated with DPN in Taiwanese patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Methods
A cross-sectional, hospital-based observation study in adults with T2D was conducted from January to October 2013. DPN was screened using the Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument. Data were obtained at the time of enrollment, including medication usage, anthropometric measurements and laboratory examinations.

Results
2,448 participants were enrolled, 524 (21.4%) of whom had DPN. Patients with DPN had significantly lower plasma total cholesterol (185.6 ± 38.6 vs 193.4 ± 42.3 mg/dL) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (114.6 ± 32.7 vs 119 ± 30.8 mg/dL). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that neither hyperlipidemia (adjusted OR (aOR), 0.81; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.49–1.34) nor LLT (aOR, 1.10; 95% CI, 0.58–2.09) was associated with DPN. Subgroup analysis revealed that neither total cholesterol (aOR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.2–2.62), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels (aOR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.2–2.79), statin (aOR, 1.09; 95% CI, 0.59–2.03) nor fibrate (aOR, 1.73; 95% CI, 0.33–1.61) was associated with DPN.

Conclusion
Our results suggest that neither hyperlipidemia nor lipid-lowering medication was associated with DPN in adults with T2D. DPN is a multifactorial disease, and our findings indicate that lipid metabolism may play a minor role in its pathogenesis.
Frakturen überwinden – Neuer Lokalismus als Heuristik und Instrument zur produktiven Konfliktbearbeitung?
Authors: Domann Valentin , Nuissl Henning , Schmiz Antonie 
Published: June 2023

According to agonistic democracy theory, conflict is key for the functioning of plural democracies. In particular in ‘fractured’ societies, deliberative spaces in which adversary positions can be recognized and negotiated, serve as important arenas where antagonisms can be transformed into agonisms. Professionals dealing with conflicts between different interest groups – for instance in the field of spatial planning – are therefore challenged to identify appropriate ‘spaces’ for debate. Against this background, this paper discusses the extent to which localist discourses and practices can facilitate such spaces. For this purpose, we introduce a scheme for classifying different manifestations of New Localism. This scheme is unpacked and discussed by means of two contrasting case studies that reconstruct notions of New Localism based on a migration-related conflict in a rural area and on a conflict about traffic calming in an urban neighbourhood. Thereby we show how localist discourses and practices can contribute to establishing common symbolic spaces and temporary conflictual consensus, but also to concealing and normalizing exclusionary positions in small-scale conflicts.
Übersetzungstheorie aus Brasilien: Haroldo de Campos im Dialog mit Christian Morgenstern
Authors: Jöhnk Marília 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
An innovative and dynamic way of practicing and thinking about translation emerged in 1950 s Brazil and became entangled with German literature. However, due to linguistic barriers, this constellation remains almost invisible today. The main protagonist of this translation discourse was Haroldo de Campos who, together with his brother Augusto de Campos, translated texts from world literature into Brazilian Portuguese. This article argues that in the translation and criticism of a poem by Christian Morgenstern, the work of Haroldo de Campos as a philologist and scholar of Comparative Literature becomes especially palpable. Beginning with an example from Morgenstern’s collection Galgenlieder, the article illustrates how Campos translated the German vanguard movement into the Brazilian context and reflected on the similarities of both literary currents. The translation also depicts Haroldo de Campos’ understanding of both Comparative Literature and criticism, in general, favoring translation, adaption, and reception over the praise of the ‘original’. In following the traces of the poem (“Ein ästhetisches Wiesel”) through Brazilian literary theory (also in the work of Roberto Schwarz and Anatol Rosenfeld), the article argues in favor of its relevance for the discipline of Comparative Literature.
A normative perspective on information avoidance behaviors: Separating various types of avoidance-related norms
Authors: Link Elena 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Information avoidance is a prevalent communication phenomenon that is less well understood than information seeking. The present study adopts a social-normative perspective on information avoidance as social norms are powerful drivers of behaviors. We aim to separate various types of avoidance-related norms and examine how they relate to information avoidance intentions about the COVID-19 vaccination. Our online survey of a stratified sample of the German population (N = 1,508) revealed that there are personal and societal-level injunctive, descriptive and subjective norms. Except for societal-level descriptive norms, all norms were related to increased avoidance intention. Personal-level norms were revealed to be more important than societal-level norms in predicting avoidance behaviors.
Study of degenerate derangement polynomials by λ-umbral calculus
Authors: Yun Sang Jo , Park Jin-Woo 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In the 1970s, Rota began to build completely rigid foundations for the theory of umbral calculus based on relatively modern ideas of linear functions and linear operators. Since then, umbral calculus has been used in the study of special functions in various fields. In this article, we derive some new and interesting identities related to degenerate derangement polynomials and some special polynomials by using

λ

\lambda

-Sheffer sequences and

λ

\lambda

-umbral calculus, which are defined by Kim-Kim (Degenerate Sheffer sequences and

λ

\lambda

-Sheffer sequences, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 493 (2021), 124521, 21pp).
Micro-impact-induced mechano-chemical synthesis of organic precursors from FeC/FeN and carbonates/nitrates in water and its extension to nucleobases
Authors: Kugimiya Koichi , Asai Kenji , Harada Takashi , Furukawa Yoshihiro , Naito Makio 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Much effort was taken to elucidate how organic precursors appeared in early Earth, and attention was paid to two impact experiments: hypervelocity impacts by a propellant gun which simulated meteorite collides to Earth forming fatty acids and amino acids from inorganics, and micro-impacts by a planetary ball-mill which formed ammonium and acetic acid from inorganics. Our extended study on micro-impacts showed the formation of carboxylic acids, amines, and amino acids from Fe3C/Fe4N, carbon, and carbonates/nitrates by milling up to 30 h at 40 G. Fe(CO2)2·2H2O accelerated the formation a step further. Cu addition caused superior capability to form amines and amino acids. Two reaction fields were disclosed. In the impact field, the hydration of ferrous materials generated hydrogen which hydrogenated inorganic carbons to organics and ferrous transient materials and, in the maturing field, hydrogenated materials were then transformed into complex organics. Iron and CO2 were presumably the key components in the Hadean Ocean. Discussions on the mechano-chemical reaction were extended to serpentinization coupled with diastrophism of oceanic crusts and further led to a depiction that organic precursors were formed by micro-impacts and frictions of rocks and sands (like milling-balls) due to tremors in crusts. It provides a new path on how organic precursors were formed on the aqua-planet Earth.
Antibacterial wound dressing with hydrogel from chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol from the red cabbage extract loaded with silver nanoparticles
Authors: Kaliaperumal Kumaravel , Subramanian Kumaran , Thirunavukkarasu Rajasekar , Varadharajan Ramesh Kumar , Binsuwaidan Reem , Alabdallah Nadiyah M. , Alshammari Nawaf , Saeed Mohd , Anbarasu Krishnan , Karunakaran Rohini 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The aim of the present study was the synthesis of hydrogel incorporated with chitosan blend with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) from red cabbage Brassica oleracea and its application in wound healing and antibacterial activity. The chitosan/PVA hydrogel was synthesized by the combination of chitosan and PVA treated with acetic acid. The silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized from the B. oleracea extract and its antibacterial efficacy was examined. The synthesized nanoparticles (NPs) were characterized using UV-spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction methods. The synthesized NPs were purified and combined with the hydrogel. This combined hydrogel and AgNP mixture was then subjected to Fourier transform infrared analysis, and the results were observed to conclude the effectiveness of the hydrogel. This hydrogel would differ in the part of dressing the wound, that is it can last on the wound for a longer period, thus reducing the pain and frequency of dressing and in turn naturally healing the wound in less time.
Corrosion behavior of a Co−Cr−Mo−Si alloy in pure Al and Al−Si melt
Authors: Yamanaka Kenta , Mori Manami , Yoshida Kazuo , Tunthawiroon Phacharaphon , Chiba Akihiko 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Metallic phase change materials (MPCMs) are attracting considerable attention for their application in thermal energy storage. Al–Si alloys are considered potential MPCMs; however, to develop storage systems/modules, it is crucial to fabricate corrosion-resistant materials for MPCMs. In this study, the corrosion behavior of Co−28Cr−6Mo−1.5Si (wt%) alloy was examined via immersion tests in commercial Al−Si alloy (ADC12) melt at 700°C for 10 h. The results were compared to those obtained for pure Al. Substrate thickness loss measurements revealed that the liquid metal corrosion was more severe in the Al−Si melt than that in pure Al, suggesting an increased reactivity due to Si addition. Interfacial analysis elucidated a direct reaction between the alloy substrate and molten Al in both cases. Furthermore, the formation of oxides such as Al2O3 and SiO2 did not contribute to corrosion resistance.
Extensions in Time Scales Integral Inequalities of Jensen’s Type via Fink’s Identity
Authors: Bibi Rabia , Nosheen Ammara , Pečarić Josip 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
In this paper, using Fink’s identity and Green’s function, we obtain several extensions of Jensen’s inequality, Jensen–Steffensen inequality, and the converse of Jensen’s inequality for diamond integrals. Functions involved in these extensions are n-convex functions,

n
∈

ℤ
+

. Some bounds for related identities are also part of the discussion. An improved Hölder’s inequality is obtained as an application of improved Jensen’s inequality.
Vallée-Poussin Theorem for Equations with Caputo Fractional Derivative
Authors: Bohner Martin , Domoshnitsky Alexander , Padhi Seshadev , Srivastava Satyam Narayan 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
In this paper, the functional differential equation

(

D

C

a
+

α

x
)
(
t
)
+

∑

i
=
0

m

(

T
i

x

(
i
)

)
(
t
)
=
f
(
t
)
,

t
∈
[
a
,
b
]

,

with Caputo fractional derivative

D

C

a
+

α

is studied. The operators Ti
act from the space of continuous to the space of essentially bounded functions. They can be operators with deviations (delayed and advanced), integral operators and their various linear combinations and superpositions. Such equations could appear in various applications and in the study of systems of, for example, two fractional differential equations, when one of the components can be presented from the first equation and substituted then to another. For two-point problems with this equation, assertions about negativity of Green’s functions and their derivatives with respect to t are obtained. Our technique is based on an analog of the Vallée-Poussin theorem for differential inequalities, which is proven in our paper and gives necessary and sufficient conditions of negativity of Green’s functions and their derivatives for two-point problems: there exists a positive function v satisfying corresponding boundary conditions and the inequality

(

D

C

a
+

α

ν
)
(
t
)
+

∑

i
=
0

m

(

T
i

v

(
i
)

)
(
t
)
<
0
,

t
∈

[

a
,

b

]

. Choosing the function v, we obtain explicit sufficient tests of sign-constancy of Green’s functions and its derivatives. It is demonstrated that these tests cannot be improved in a general case. Influences of delays on these sufficient conditions are analyzed. It is demonstrated that the tests can be essentially improved for “small” deviations.
Strong Consistency of Least-Squares Estimators in the Simple Linear Errors-in-Variables Regression Model with Widely Orthant Dependent Random Variables
Authors: Ding Liwang , Jiang Caoqing 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
In this paper, we establish some results on strong consistency for the least square estimator in a simple linear errors-in-variables regression models based on widely orthant dependent errors. The results obtained in the paper generalize or improve the corresponding ones for dependent random variables. We also carry out some simulation studies to verify the validity of our theoretical results.
Case study on the audibility of siren-driven alert systems
Authors: Siliézar Jonathan , Aumond Pierre , Can Arnaud , Chapron Paul , Péroche Matthieu 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The civil security sirens are used by the authorities in a wide range of countries to signal an imminent or ongoing threat. Even if their sound level is known, it is nevertheless difficult to evaluate their audibility across a given zone, especially in complex urban environments. An experimental protocol was deployed around a siren installed in a town in France, to assess its audibility perceptually and through modeling. Sound level measurements during source activation were made with the NoiseCapture smartphone application at different distances and on several axes by a group of 25 participants. They were also asked to fill in a questionnaire on perceptual information about the siren such as its audibility, the perceived sound level, or the masking of the siren by passing vehicles. A comparison between acoustic measurement levels using NoiseCapture and simulated sound levels using NoiseModelling was performed. The results of this study validate the use of the Common Noise Assessment Methods in Europe model to evaluate the audibility of a warning system located in an urban environment within a radius of 2.8 km around the siren. Finally, a metric linking audibility to modeled sound level is proposed, enabling the development of siren audibility maps in the study area.
Neural networks singular evolutive interpolated Kalman filter and its application to data assimilation for 2D water pollution model
Authors: Tran Thu Ha , Shutyaev Victor , Hoang Hong Son , Li Shuai , Nguyen Chinh Kien , Nguyen Hong Phong , Duong Thi Thanh Huong 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The present study promotes a new algorithm for estimating the water pollution propagation with the primary goal of providing more reliable and high quality estimates to decision makers. To date, the widely used variational method suffers from the large computational burden, which limits its application in practice. Moreover, this method, considering the initial state as a control variable, is very sensitive in specifying initial error, especially for unstable dynamical systems. The Neural Network Filter (NNF), proposed in the present paper, is aimed at overcoming these two drawbacks in the variational method: by its nature, the NNF is sequential (no batch large assimilation window used) and stable even for unstable dynamics, with the gain parameters as control variables.
The NNF, developed in the present paper, is a Neural Network Filter (NNF) version of the Singular Evolutive Interpolated Kalman Filter (SEIKF). One of the new versions of this NNF is that it uses structure of the gain of SEIKF0 taken by the SEIKF at the first time moment of correction process. To deal with the uncertainty of the system parameters and of the noise covariance, the proposed Neural Network SEIKF0 named by NNSEIKF0 makes use of the covariance of a reduced rank iterated during assimilation process and of some pertinent gain parameters tuned adaptively to yield the minimum prediction error for the system output. The computational burden in implementation of the NNSEIKF0 is reduced drastically due to applying the optimization tool known as a simultaneous perturbation stochastic approximation (SPSA) algorithm, which requires only two integrations of the numerical model. No iterative loop is required at each assimilation instant as usually happens with the standard gradient descent optimization algorithms. Data assimilation experiment, carried out by the SEIKF0 and NNSEIKF0, is implemented for the Thanh Nhan Lake in Hanoi and the performance comparison between the NNSEIKF0 and SEIKF0 is given to show the high efficiency of the proposed NNSEIKF0.
Editorial: Special Section from the International Society of Asphalt Pavements (ISAP) Symposium 2022
Authors: Loria-Salazar Luis G. , Aguiar-Moya José P. , Cannone Falchetto Augusto , Romeo Elena 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This Special Section of the ASTM International Journal of Testing and Evaluation is composed of 33 papers from the International Society for Asphalt Pavements (ISAP) 2022 Symposium in Costa Rica. ISAP is a volunteer organization of professionals and experts in asphalt engineering whose goal is to share the latest in leading-edge asphalt pavement technology worldwide. Every 4 years, ISAP organizes the ISAP Symposium, which in 2022 was held in San José, Costa Rica, from October 25 to 27. Researchers and engineers from different countries attended, presenting and discussing ideas on a wide range of topics related to pavement infrastructure. The event made it possible to share and increase knowledge to allow the development of increasingly innovative and sustainable solutions to improve infrastructure while respecting the environment and people. The 33 original technical manuscripts in this Special Section are improved versions of selected 6-page papers from the ISAP 2022 Symposium. They were all peer-reviewed according to the high standards of the Journal of Testing and Evaluation. The ISAP 2022 Symposium was coordinated with the activities of the ISAP Technical committees: Asphalt Pavement and Environment and Pavement Field Evaluation. The ISAP 2022 Symposium was organized by Professor Luis G. Loria-Salazar (Conference Chairman, Isaac Newton University, Costa Rica) and Professor Gabriele Tebaldi (Conference Chairman, University of Parma, Italy, and University of Florida, USA).