bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Artifact reduction in lenslet array near-eye displays
Authors: Ye Bi , Fujimoto Yuichiro , Sawabe Taishi , Kanbara Masayuki , Kato Hirokazu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLenslet array near-eye displays are a revolutionary technology that generates a virtual image in the field of view of the observer. Although this technology is advantageous in creating compact near-eye displays, undesirable artifacts occur when the user pupil moves outside of the pupil practical movable region (PPMR). Even with dynamic image updating based on eye-tracking techniques, artifacts can still be perceived when human eyes turn rapidly. To enlarge PPMR, we proposed a new rendering method in previous work. To improve the rendering speed in the eye tracking system, look-up tables are used. The disadvantage of the onboard system is the large memory consumption. In this study, we analyzed the system parameters of the incident pupil and pupil margin light columns, the feasibility of the optimized system, and evaluated the optimized system that can adapt to the maximum velocity of the saccadic pupil movement. We optimized the rendering method to reduce memory consumption in the process of generating microdisplay images. In addition, we provide GPU rendering method to improve system speed and reduce system latency to meet the maximum human eye rotation speed. We conducted user studies to evaluate the effect of the method using the optimized rendering method combined with eye tracking to reduce artifacts for fast eye rotation on different images and videos. Results showed that our method effectively reduced artifacts via the optimized rendering method with eye tracking, which adapted to faster human eye movements.
Short- to mid-term results of minimally invasive lateral unicompartmental knee replacement: 133 cases in a non-designer series
Authors: Hariri Mustafa , Hagemann Merlin , Koch Kevin-Arno , Reiner Tobias , Panzram Benjamin , Merle Christian , Renkawitz Tobias , Walker Tilman 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Introduction
The aim of the current study was to demonstrate short- to mid-term survivorship as well as clinical outcome of lateral unicompartmental knee replacement (UKR) with a fixed-bearing (FB) design from a non-designer center using the Oxford Fixed Lateral prosthesis.

Materials and methods
This single-center retrospective cohort study reports the results of 133 consecutive lateral FB-UKR. Survivorship analysis was performed with different endpoints and clinical outcome was measured using the Oxford-Knee-Score (OKS), American-Knee-Society-Score (AKSS-O), range-of-motion (ROM) and visual-analog-scale for pain (VAS).

Results
There were two revision surgeries with conversion to total knee replacements (TKR) due to persistent pain resulting in a survival rate of 98.5% (95% CI 93.5–99.6) with a mean follow-up (FU) of 3.3 ± 1.8 years (range 1–8.5). All outcome scores, VAS and ROM showed a significant improvement at final FU (p < 0.001). The OKS improved from 26 ± 7.8 (range 11–45) preoperatively to 39 ± 8.3 (range 13–48), the AKSS-O from 49.2 ± 14.6 (range 18–90) to 81.8 ± 15.1 (range 40–100), the AKSS-F from 53 ± 23.7 (range 0–100) to 80.4 ± 21.4 (range 5–100) and the ROM from 118 ± 17 (range 90–160) to 134 ± 9.5 (range 100–155).

Conclusions
The short- to mid-term results following lateral FB-UKR demonstrate a high survivorship and good clinical outcome from an independent series. We, therefore, suggest that FB-UKR is a safe treatment option for isolated lateral OA if sufficient surgical experience is provided.

Level of evidence
Retrospective cohort study, level IV.
Exposure–response relation for vibration-induced white finger: inferences from a published meta-analysis of population groups
Authors: Scholz Magdalena F. , Brammer Anthony J. , Marburg Steffen 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
It is questioned whether the exposure–response relation for the onset of vibration-induced white finger (VWF) in ISO 5349-1:2001 needs to be revised based on the epidemiologic studies identified by Nilsson et al. (PLoS One https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0180795, 2017), and whether the relation they derive improves the prediction of VWF in vibration-exposed populations.

Methods
A pooled analysis has been performed using epidemiologic studies that complied with selection rules and reported a VWF prevalence of 10% or more, and exposure constructed according to the provisions of ISO 5349-1:2001. The lifetime exposures at 10% prevalence were calculated for various data sets using linear interpolation. They were then compared to both the model from the standard and that developed by Nilsson et al.

Results
Regression analyses reveal excluding extrapolation to adjust group prevalences to 10% produce models with 95-percentile confidence intervals that include the ISO exposure–response relation but not that in Nilsson et al. (2017). Different curve fits are obtained for studies involving daily exposure to single or multiple power tools and machines. Studies with similar exposure magnitudes and lifetime exposure durations but markedly different prevalences are observed to cluster.

Conclusions
A range of exposures and A(8)-values is predicted within which the onset of VWF is most likely to occur. The exposure–response relation in ISO 5349-1:2001, but not that proposed by Nilsson et al., falls within this range and provides a conservative estimate for the development of VWF. In addition, the analyses suggest that the method for evaluating vibration exposure contained in ISO 5349-1:2001 needs revision.
Habitual physical activity in patients born with oesophageal atresia: a multicenter cross-sectional study and comparison to a healthy reference cohort matched for gender and age
Authors: König Tatjana Tamara , Frankenbach Maria-Luisa , Gianicolo Emilio , Holler Anne-Sophie , von Sochaczewski Christina Oetzmann , Wessel Lucas , Widenmann Anke , Klos Leon , Kolb Simon , Siaplaouras Jannos , Niessner Claudia 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Oesophageal atresia (EA) is associated with life-long gastrointestinal and respiratory morbidity and other associated malformations. The aim of this study is to compare physical activity (PA) levels of children and adolescents with and without EA. A validated questionnaire (MoMo-PAQ) was used to evaluate PA in EA patients EA (4–17 years), who were randomly matched for gender and age (1:5) with a representative sample of the Motorik-Modul Longitudinal Study (n = 6233). Sports activity per week (sports index) and minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity per week (MVPA minutes) were calculated. Correlations between PA and medical factors were analysed. In total, 104 patients and 520 controls were included. Children with EA were significantly less active at higher intensities (mean MPVA minutes 462; 95% confidence interval (CI): 370–554) compared to controls (626; 95% CI: 576–676), although there was no statistically significant difference in the sports index (187; 95% CI: 156–220 versus 220; 95% CI: 203–237). A lower mean weight-for-age and height-for-age, additional urogenital (r =  − 0.20, p = 0.04) or anorectal malformation (r =  − 0.24, p = 0.01) were associated with fewer MVPA minutes. For other medical factors (prematurity, type of repair, congenital heart disease, skeletal malformation or symptom load), no statistically significant association with PA was found. Conclusion: EA patients participated in PA at a similar level but lower intensities compared to the reference cohort. PA in EA patients was largely independent of medical factors.Trial registration: German Clinical Trials Register (ID: DRKS00025276) on September 6, 2021.

What is Known:

• Oesophageal atresia is associated with a low body weight and height, delayed development of motor skills and impaired lung function and exercise capacity.

What is New:

• Patients with oesophageal atresia have a similar amount of sports activity per week but engage significantly less in moderate to vigorous physical activities compared to peers.

• Physical activity was associated with weight-for-age and height-for-age, but largely independent of symptom load and other medical factors.
Evidenzbasierung der psychodynamischen Psychotherapie anhand anerkannter Kriterien zur Bewertung der Wirksamkeit von Psychotherapieverfahren
Authors: Töpfer Nils F. 
Published: March 2023

ZusammenfassungGemäß dem neuen Psychotherapeutengesetz (PsychThG) soll das zukünftige Approbationsstudium Studierende in die Lage versetzen, die Wirksamkeit von Psychotherapieverfahren anhand anerkannter Merkmale für die Bewertung ihrer wissenschaftlichen Evidenz beurteilen zu können. Vor diesem Hintergrund werden im vorliegenden Beitrag die nationalen und internationalen Kriterien zur Evidenzbewertung vorgestellt und anhand derer die Wirksamkeit von psychodynamischer Psychotherapie zusammengefasst. Berücksichtigt werden die im Methodenpapier des Wissenschaftlichen Beirats Psychotherapie geforderten Kriterien zur wissenschaftlichen Anerkennung von Psychotherapieverfahren, die lange Zeit international einflussreichsten Kriterien von Chambless et al. (1998) sowie die aktuellen Kriterien von Tolin et al. (2015). Es wird auf Kritik an den Kriterien zur Evidenzbewertung (unter anderem zur störungsspezifischen Indikation), auf aktuelle Kontroversen (unter anderem zur Wirksamkeit von psychodynamischer Langzeittherapie und analytischer Psychotherapie, zur Verfahrensorientierung) und die Relevanz der Beteiligung von praktizierenden psychodynamischen Psychotherapeut:innen an Forschungsprojekten eingegangen. Für die adäquate Beurteilung der Wirksamkeit der psychodynamischen Psychotherapie, insbesondere der Langzeittherapien und der analytischen Psychotherapie, ist es wichtig, längere Nachuntersuchungszeiträume einzubeziehen und Veränderungen auch in stärkerem Einklang mit psychodynamischen Annahmen zu therapeutischen Veränderungsprozessen zu erfassen.
Oxonium diimidotriphosphate from the hydrolysis of trimetaphosphimic acid
Authors: Günther Daniel , Paulmann Carsten , Oeckler Oliver 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTrimetaphosphimates decompose not only upon heating but also in water. Hydrolysis of trimetaphosphimic acid leads to the formation of diimidotriphosphoric acid by ring opening. Single-crystal structure determination using synchrotron radiation revealed the oxonium salt of the latter acid with double stacks of rod-shaped anions along [001]. Anharmonic displacement parameters were used to model slight disorder of part of the anions. These are interconnected by hydrogen bonds within and between the stacks. Powder X-ray diffraction confirmed phase purity. At temperatures above 120 °C, diimidotriphosphoric acid decomposes into unknown crystalline compounds. It thus seems a promising precursor for the synthesis of oxonitridophosphates at moderate temperatures.
Graphical abstract
An irrigation scheduling algorithm for sustainable energy consumption in pressurised irrigation networks supplied by photovoltaic modules
Authors: Navarro-González F. J. , Pardo M. Á. , Chabour H. E. , Alskaif T. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTo meet water demands, pressurised irrigation networks often need pumping devices, whose power demand varies with the pump head, the flow rate delivered and the pump efficiency. To satisfy the energy demand of pumps, solar photovoltaic panels can be used as a renewable energy source. Since the electricity supply of a solar photovoltaics plant depends on irradiance, the energy that powers the pump varies with the time of the day. This study presents a strategy for scheduling water delivery by irrigation pumps, synchronising energy production in solar photovoltaic modules and minimising the installation size. An optimisation algorithm is proposed, which changes the energy required by pumping devices and adjusts them to the available solar energy supply, minimising the number of panels required. This problem applies to a pressurised irrigation network, where the utility manager may irrigate crops at all hours of the day. By adopting the proposed algorithm, irrigation will follow a rigid rotation schedule to follow the new irrigation plan. This approach improves earlier studies by employing a least-square scheduling algorithm with little computing time. This results in a tool for managers and decision-makers when evaluating the possibility of converting their irrigation network into a stand-alone system supplied by photovoltaic panels. A case study handling this issue in the University of Alicante’s pressurised irrigation network in Spain is proposed to find potential energy savings by connecting the recommended scheduling irrigating plan to the present operation.
Graphical abstract
The putative pleiotropic functions of meprin β in gastric cancer
Authors: Siemsen Wiebke , Halske Christine , Behrens Hans-Michael , Krüger Sandra , Becker-Pauly Christoph , Röcken Christoph 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
The gastric microbiome and inflammation play a key role in gastric cancer (GC) by regulating the immune response in a complex manner and by inflammatory events supporting carcinogenesis. Meprin β is a zinc endopeptidase and participates in tissue homeostasis, intestinal barrier function and immunological processes. It influences local inflammatory processes, dysbiosis and the microbiome. Here, we tested the hypothesis that meprin β is expressed in GC and of tumor biological significance.

Patients and methods
Four hundred forty whole mount tissue sections of patients with therapy-naive GC were stained with an anti-meprin β antibody. The histoscore and staining pattern were analyzed for each case. Following dichotomization at the median histoscore into a “low” and “high” group, the expression was correlated with numerous clinicopathological patient characteristics.

Results
Meprin β was found intracellularly and at the cell membrane of GC. Cytoplasmic expression correlated with the phenotype according to Lauren, microsatellite instability and PD-L1 status. Membranous expression correlated with intestinal phenotype, mucin-1-, E-cadherin-, β-catenin status, mucin typus, microsatellite instability, KRAS mutation and PD-L1-positivity. Patients with cytoplasmic expression of meprin β showed a better overall and tumor-specific survival.

Conclusions
Meprin β is differentially expressed in GC and has potential tumor biological relevance. It might function as a tumor suppressor or promotor depending on histoanatomical site and context.
From zero-shot machine learning to zero-day attack detection
Authors: Sarhan Mohanad , Layeghy Siamak , Gallagher Marcus , Portmann Marius 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMachine learning (ML) models have proved efficient in classifying data samples into their respective categories. The standard ML evaluation methodology assumes that test data samples are derived from pre-observed classes used in the training phase. However, in applications such as Network Intrusion Detection Systems (NIDSs), obtaining data samples of all attack classes to be observed is challenging. ML-based NIDSs face new attack traffic known as zero-day attacks that are not used in training due to their non-existence at the time. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel zero-shot learning methodology to evaluate the performance of ML-based NIDSs in recognising zero-day attack scenarios. In the attribute learning stage, the learning models map network data features to semantic attributes that distinguish between known attacks and benign behaviour. In the inference stage, the models construct the relationships between known and zero-day attacks to detect them as malicious. A new evaluation metric is defined as Zero-day Detection Rate (Z-DR) to measure the effectiveness of the learning model in detecting unknown attacks. The proposed framework is evaluated using two key ML models and two modern NIDS data sets. The results demonstrate that for certain zero-day attack groups discovered in this paper, ML-based NIDSs are ineffective in detecting them as malicious. Further analysis shows that attacks with a low Z-DR have a significantly distinct feature distribution and a higher Wasserstein Distance range than the other attack classes.
Macrophages immunomodulation induced by Porphyromonas gingivalis and oral antimicrobial peptides
Authors: Blancas-Luciano Blanca Esther , Zamora-Chimal Jaime , da Silva-de Rosenzweig Pablo Gomes , Ramos-Mares Mariana , Fernández-Presas Ana María 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPorphyromonas gingivalis is a keystone pathogen associated with periodontitis development, a chronic inflammatory pathology characterized by the destruction of the supporting teeth structure. Macrophages are recruited cells in the inflammatory infiltrate from patients with periodontitis. They are activated by the P. gingivalis virulence factors arsenal, promoting an inflammatory microenvironment characterized by cytokine production (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6), prostaglandins, and metalloproteinases (MMPs) that foster the tissular destruction characteristic of periodontitis. Furthermore, P. gingivalis suppresses the generation of nitric oxide, a potent antimicrobial molecule, through its degradation, and incorporating its byproducts as a source of energy. Oral antimicrobial peptides can contribute to controlling the disease due to their antimicrobial and immunoregulatory activity, which allows them to maintain homeostasis in the oral cavity. This study aimed to analyze the immunopathological role of macrophages activated by P. gingivalis in periodontitis and suggested using antimicrobial peptides as therapeutic agents to treat the disease.
Decentralized brokered enabled ecosystem for data marketplace in smart cities towards a data sharing economy
Authors: Anthony Bokolo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPresently data are indispensably important as cities consider data as a commodity which can be traded to earn revenues. In urban environment, data generated from internet of things devices, smart meters, smart sensors, etc. can provide a new source of income for citizens and enterprises who are data owners. These data can be traded as digital assets. To support such trading digital data marketplaces have emerged. Data marketplaces promote a data sharing economy which is crucial for provision of available data useful for cities which aims to develop data driven services. But currently existing data marketplaces are mostly inadequate due to several issues such as security, efficiency, and adherence to privacy regulations. Likewise, there is no consolidated understanding of how to achieve trust and fairness among data owners and data sellers when trading data. Therefore, this study presents the design of an ecosystem which comprises of a distributed ledger technology data marketplace enabled by message queueing telemetry transport (MQTT) to facilitate trust and fairness among data owners and data sellers. The designed ecosystem for data marketplaces is powered by IOTA technology and MQTT broker to support the trading of sdata sources by automating trade agreements, negotiations and payment settlement between data producers/sellers and data consumers/buyers. Overall, findings from this article discuss the issues associated in developing a decentralized data marketplace for smart cities suggesting recommendations to enhance the deployment of decentralized and distributed data marketplaces.
Male Fertility and Internal Migration in Rural and Urban Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Menashe-Oren Ashira , Sánchez-Páez David A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSubnational differences in male fertility within sub-Saharan African countries have not been explored, nor the differences in male fertility according to migration status been sufficiently probed. We study divergences in rural and urban male fertility and investigate the relationship between male fertility and migration across 30 sub-Saharan African countries. We employ 67 Demographic and Health Surveys to estimate completed cohort fertility among men aged 50–64 according to migration status. Overall, we find that urban male fertility has declined faster than rural male fertility, widening the gap between the sectors. Rural-urban migrant men have lower fertility than their rural non-migrant counterparts. Men migrating within the rural sector have similarly high fertility as rural non-migrants, while urban–urban migrant men have even lower fertility than non-migrant urban men. Using country-fixed effects models, we find that among men with at least secondary education, differences in completed cohort fertility by migration status are widest. When we consider the timing of migration in relation to the timing of the birth of the last child, we observe that migrant men are a select group, having around two children less than non-migrant rural men. There is also evidence of adaptation to destination, though to a lesser extent. Furthermore, migration within the rural sector does not seem to be disruptive to fathering. These results indicate that rural-to-urban migration has the potential to delay rural fertility decline, and that urban male fertility is likely to decline further, especially as the proportion of urban-to-urban migration increases.
A comparison of an evolvable hardware controller with an artificial neural network used for evolving the gait of a hexapod robot
Authors: Borrett Fraser , Beckerleg Mark 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis paper investigates the implementation of a novel evolvable hardware controller used in evolutionary robotics. The evolvable hardware consists of a Cartesian based array of logic blocks comprised of multiplexers and logic elements. The logic blocks are configured by a bit stream which is evolved using a genetic algorithm. A comparison is performed between an evolvable hardware and an artificial neural network controller evolved using the same genetic algorithm to produce the gait of a hexapod robot. To compare the two controllers, differences in their evolutionary efficiency and robot performance are investigated. The evolutionary efficiency is measured by the required number of generations to achieve an optimal fitness. An optimal hexapod controller allows the robot to walk forward in a straight line maintaining a constant heading and body attitude. It was found that the evolutionary efficiency and performance of the evolvable hardware and artificial neural network were similar, however the EHW was the most evolutionary efficient requiring less generations on average to evolve. Both evolved controllers were evaluated in simulation, and on a physical robot using a softcore processor and custom hardware implemented on a FPGA. The implementation showed that the controllers performed equally well when deployed, allowing the hexapod to meet the optimal gait criteria. These findings have shown that the evolvable hardware controller is a valid option for robotic control of a multilegged robot such as a hexapod as its evolutionary efficiency and deployed performance on a real robot is comparable to that of an artificial neural network. One future application of these evolvable controllers is in fault tolerance where the robot can dynamically adapt to a fault by evolving the controller to adjust to the fault conditions.