bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Traces of Earthquake: Traumatic Life Experiences and Their Effects on Volunteer Nurses in the Earthquake Zone–An Interpretative Phenomenological Study
Authors: Celebi Cakiroglu Oya , Tuncer Unver Gamze , Cakiroglu Suleyman 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionIt is crucial to understand the effects that traumatic events related to natural disasters have on individuals in as much detail as possible. However, the literature investigating the traumatic life experiences of nurses, who play a key role in disaster management, is still limited.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to explore in depth the traumatic life experiences of volunteer nurses who participated in relief efforts after two major earthquakes in the southeastern region of Türkiye.MethodsThis qualitative study was conducted using a phenomenological design. The study sample consisted of 16 nurses selected by the purposive and snowball sampling methods. The data were evaluated using interpretative phenomenological analysis in the Maxqda 2020 program.ResultsFour themes were generated: (1) shocking facts, (2) coping methods, (3) traumatic stress reactions, and (4) traumatic growth.ConclusionWhile traumatic life experiences in the earthquake area led to acute stress reactions in the volunteer nurses, these experiences also contributed to their traumatic growth and development. Healthcare managers and policymakers should develop comprehensive strategies and intervention programs to safeguard the mental health of nurses in the context of natural disasters. It may also be useful to improve clinical education programs and support systems by reviewing international policies and procedures.
Unveiling the Immune Landscape of Delirium through Single‐Cell RNA Sequencing and Machine Learning: Towards Precision Diagnosis and Therapy
Authors: Shi Yingna , Xu Peipei 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundPostoperative delirium (POD) poses significant clinical challenges regarding its diagnosis and treatment. Identifying biomarkers that can predict and diagnose POD is crucial for improving patient outcomes.MethodsTo explore potential biomarkers for POD, we conducted bulk RNA sequencing (bulk‐seq) on peripheral blood samples from POD patients and healthy controls. The expression levels of genes downstream of the phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K‐Akt) signalling pathway were analysed. We then validated the expression of these genes using quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR) in an independent cohort of 30 healthy controls and 30 POD patients. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis and six machine learning models were used to evaluate the predictive and diagnostic value of these genes. Additionally, single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐seq) was performed to validate gene expression in specific subsets of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), including T‐cells, B‐cells, natural killer (NK) cells, dendritic cells (DCs), and monocytes.ResultsBulk‐seq revealed increased expression of genes downstream of the PI3K‐Akt signalling pathway, specifically CHRM2, IL6, NOS3, NGF, and IL6R, in the peripheral blood of POD patients compared to healthy controls. Conversely, the expression of IGF1 was significantly decreased. RT‐qPCR validation confirmed these findings. ROC analysis and machine learning models indicated that these genes are useful for predicting and diagnosing POD. scRNA‐seq further validated the expression of these genes in specific PBMC subsets, including T‐cells, B‐cells, NK cells, DCs, and monocytes, with results consistent with the bulk‐seq and RT‐qPCR data.ConclusionsThe abnormal activation of the PI3K‐Akt signalling pathway in T‐cells, B‐cells, NK cells, DCs, and monocytes may serve as potential biomarkers for predicting and diagnosing POD. These findings could inform the development of novel therapeutic strategies for managing POD.
Machine learning‐enabled risk prediction of self‐neglect among community‐dwelling older adults in China
Authors: Li Teng‐fei , Xu Yuan , Li Jian‐wei , He Ye‐ke , Liang Yu‐ting , Jiang Guo‐qing , Huang Fen , Sun Ye‐huan , Qin Qi‐rong , Li Jie 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundElder self‐neglect (ESN) is usually ignored as a private problem and impairs the health outcomes of older adults. It is essential to construct a robust and efficient tool for risk prediction which can better detect and prevent self‐neglect among older adults.MethodsThis study included 2494 study participants from the Ma'anshan Healthy Ageing Cohort (MHAC). First, the group‐based trajectory model (GBTM) was used to estimate ESN development trajectory groups. Then, feature selection methods were used to select variables; after that, we compared six machine learning models (Decision Tree Classifier (DT), K‐Nearest Neighbour (KNN), Logistic Regression (LR), Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Machine (SVM) and XGBoost (XGB)). In addition, Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE) is used to address the data imbalance problem.ResultsThe results show that the ESN can be defined as two trajectory groups (rising and stable). After feature selection, the final model contains eight predictors. The area under the curve (AUC) of the raw dataset was 0.637–0.769. In the dataset with SMOTE, the AUC was 0.635–0.765 and RF was the optimal model. The top five most important characteristics were quality of life, psychological resilience, social support, education, and income.ConclusionsThe RF developed in this study may be considered a simple and scientific aid in the risk prediction of self‐neglect among community‐dwelling old adults.
Advocacy coalitions and the co‐production of anti‐corruption policy in Botswana: A discourse network analysis
Authors: Omotoye Abiodun Marumo Tito , Holtzhausen Natasja 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe advocacy coalition framework (ACF) has provided a sound theoretical lens to better understand dynamic and complex policy issues for over three decades. Yet, its application in non‐Western contexts remains scant. This article focuses on two critical variables of the ACF—advocacy coalitions and policy core beliefs—to analyze the patterns of interaction that occurred between anti‐corruption policy actors in the passage leading to the development of one of Botswana's most recent anti‐corruption laws—the Declaration of Assets and Liabilities Act (DALA). The study relied on secondary data (policy statements and positions [n = 368]) retrieved from various sources such as parliamentary transcripts (Hansard) and mainstream media (n = 149). The results of the discourse network analysis revealed several types of coalitions that emerged in the DALA policy sub‐system. In addition to highlighting the significance of collaborative efforts and the exchange of ideas between different policy actors, the study contributes to the ACF literature by unpacking the role of advocacy coalitions in an understudied and underrepresented context.
Phylogeny of euophryine jumping spiders from ultra‐conserved elements, with evidence on the intersexual coevolution of genitalia (Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryini)
Authors: Li Zhaoyi , Zhang Feng , Zhang Wenqiang , Marathe Kiran , Maddison Wayne P. , Zhang Junxia 
Published: January 2025

AbstractKnowledge of phylogeny is required to understand the evolution of highly diverse groups such as the euophryine jumping spiders, a lineage showing high species and morphological diversity. In this study, we applied a phylogenomic approach using ultra‐conserved elements (UCE) obtained from 145 taxa to infer the phylogeny of euophryine jumping spiders. The results provide a well‐supported phylogenetic framework for Euophryini, especially for the deeper relationships, in which the monophyly of Euophryini, as well as most clades corresponding to a genus or a group of closely related genera, are strongly supported. Additionally, the evolutionary patterns of male embolus length and female copulatory duct length of 117 euophryine species were investigated through ancestral character state reconstruction and phylogenetically independent contrast analyses using the UCE phylogenetic framework. The results suggest strongly that the evolution of the lengths of male embolus and female copulatory duct in Euophryini is positively correlated. The common ancestor of Euophryini likely had relatively short embolus and copulatory duct, followed by repeated lengthening or shortening of both structures in different lineages. Possible mechanisms that may have caused this intersexual coevolution pattern in Euophryini are discussed. This study advances our understandings of the phylogeny, systematics and genitalic evolution of euophryines, providing a solid foundation for future studies on the diversification and evolution of this jumping spider group.
Nocturnal pulse oxygen saturation dynamics at simulated high altitude: Predictive value for acute mountain sickness in healthy men born pre‐term
Authors: Narang Benjamin J. , Manferdelli Giorgio , Millet Grégoire P. , Debevec Tadej 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe physiological sequelae of pre‐term birth might influence the responses of this population to hypoxia. Moreover, identifying variables associated with development of acute mountain sickness (AMS) remains a key practically significant area of altitude research. We investigated the effects of pre‐term birth on nocturnal oxygen saturation () dynamics and assessed the predictive potential of nocturnal ‐related metrics for morning AMS in 12 healthy adults with gestational age < 32 weeks (pre‐term) and 12 term‐born control participants. Participants spent one night at a simulated altitude of ∼4200 m (normobaric hypoxia; fraction of inspired O2 = 0.141), with nocturnal and heart rate recorded continuously at the fingertip using pulse oximetry and with morning AMS assessed using the Lake Louise scale. Pre‐term and term‐born participants had similar nocturnal mean (mean ± SD; 77% ± 3% vs. 77% ± 4%; P = 0.661), minimum (median[IQR]; 67[4]% vs. 69[5]%; P = 0.223), relative time spent with < 80% (72% ± 29% vs. 70% ± 27%; P = 0.879) and mean heart rate (79 ± 12 vs. 71 ± 7 beats/min; P = 0.053). However, the increase in between the two halves of the night was blunted with prematurity (−0.12% ± 1.51% vs. 1.11% ± 0.78%; P = 0.021). Moreover, the cumulative relative desaturation‐based hypoxic ‘load’ was higher with prematurity (32[26]%min/h vs. 7[25]%min/h; P = 0.039), underpinned by increased desaturation frequency (69[49] vs. 21[35] counts/h; P = 0.009). Mean , minimum , morning and relative time spent with < 80% predicted AMS incidence better than a random classifier exclusively in the pre‐term group, with no other variables predictive of AMS in the two groups separately or combined. Overall, pre‐term birth might alter nocturnal dynamics and influence AMS prediction in severe hypoxia.
Complete genome sequence of bacteriophage Godfather isolated from
Microbacterium foliorum
Authors: Hutchings Joshua , Bower Lauren , Collum Ethan , Hester Timothy , Hunter Melody , Kelly Chaney , Reynolds Luke , Moore Cole , Edwards Dustin 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Microbacteriophage Godfather was collected from a soil sample in Stephenville, Texas. The 17,452-bp double-stranded genome contains 24 protein-coding genes. The genome shares >99% nucleotide sequence identity with cluster EE microbacteriophages Scamander, Danno, Kojax4, and Burgy.
$$c_1$$-Cohomological Rigidity for Smooth Toric Fano Varieties of Picard Number Two
Authors: Cho Yunhyung , Lee Eunjeong , Masuda Mikiya , Park Seonjeong 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The
$$c_1$$
-cohomological rigidity conjecture states that two smooth toric Fano varieties are isomorphic as varieties if there is a
$$c_1$$
-preserving isomorphism between their integral cohomology rings. In this paper, we confirm the conjecture for smooth toric Fano varieties of Picard number
$$2$$
.
Geography of Artificial Intelligence Technologies in Russia
Authors: Zemtsov S. P. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The geography of innovation makes it possible to identify spatial patterns of creation, implementation, and diffusion of new technologies, but with the development of communications, an illusion appeared that space is insignificant. In accordance with the aim of the study, the article shows that creation and implementation of artificial intelligence (AI) as one of the radical innovations cannot be widespread. It will be concentrated in centers with high innovation potential and specialized tacit knowledge, where the intensity of knowledge spillovers is higher. In Russia, an education in AI can be obtained in 21 regions, research is conducted in 35, and technology is being developed in 40. The article proposes a rating of regional potential for AI creating, assessing scientific and technological development and density of the main elements of regional innovation ecosystems. The rating shows a high concentration of potential in the largest urban agglomeration, Moscow, and several creative cores: Moscow oblast, St. Petersburg, the Republic of Tatarstan, and Novosibirsk oblast. Sixteen centers have been identified capable of both creating and implementing certain AI technologies: Sverdlovsk, Nizhny Novgorod, Chelyabinsk, Samara, Tomsk, and Rostov oblasts, Krasnodar krai, etc.; 23 regions that are predominantly acceptor centers using AI advanced production technologies and 41 regions with minimal potential. Leading regions may receive priority attention and funding by investors. In acceptor regions, public policy priority may be given to supporting production automation, and in lagging regions, preference may be given to increasing the population’s receptivity to digital technologies.
Surveillance in inflammatory bowel disease: white light endoscopy with segmental re-inspection versus dye-based chromoendoscopy – a multi-arm randomised controlled trial (HELIOS)
Authors: te Groen Maarten , Wijnands Anouk M , den Broeder Nathan , de Jong Dirk J , van Dop Willemijn A , Duijvestein Marjolijn , Fidder Herma H , van Schaik Fiona , Hirdes Meike M C , van der Meulen-de Jong Andrea E , Maljaars P W Jeroen , Voorneveld Philip W , de Boer K H Nanne , Peters Charlotte P , Oldenburg Bas , Hoentjen Frank 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundIt remains unclear if the increased colorectal neoplasia detection rate in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) by high-definition (HD) dye-based chromoendoscopy compared with HD white-light endoscopy is due to enhanced contrast or increased inspection times. Longer withdrawal times may yield similar neoplasia detection rates as found by HD chromoendoscopy.ObjectiveTo compare colorectal neoplasia detection rates for HD white-light endoscopy with segmental re-inspection and HD chromoendoscopy, using single-pass HD white-light endoscopy as an additional control group.DesignIn a multicentre, randomised controlled trial, IBD patients aged ≥18 years without active disease and scheduled for endoscopic surveillance were included. Patients were 2:2:1 randomised to HD white-light endoscopy with segmental re-inspection of each colonic segment (double pass), HD chromoendoscopy or single-pass HD white-light endoscopy. The primary outcome was colorectal neoplasia detection rate. Assuming equal colorectal neoplasia rates (non-inferiority margin of 10%) between segmental re-inspection and chromoendoscopy and superiority of segmental re-inspection vs single-pass HD white-light endoscopy, a sample size of 566 patients was required.ResultsIn total, 563 patients were analysed per-protocol. Colorectal neoplasia detection rates were 10.3% (n=24/234) for HD white-light endoscopy with segmental re-inspection and 13.1% (n=28/214) for HD chromoendoscopy. This confirmed non-inferiority to HD chromoendoscopy (Δ−2.8%, lower limit 95% CI −7.8, p<0.01). In addition, the number of detected colorectal neoplasia per 10 min of withdrawal time was similar between HD white-light endoscopy with segmental re-inspection and HD chromoendoscopy (0.062 vs 0.058, p=0.83). Single-pass HD white-light endoscopy yielded a lower colorectal neoplasia rate (6.1%; n=7/115) than segmental re-inspection but this was not statistically significant (Δ4.1%, 95% CI −2.2:9.6%, p=0.19).ConclusionsHD white-light endoscopy with segmental re-inspection was non-inferior to HD chromoendoscopy for colorectal neoplasia detection in IBD patients. It can therefore be assumed that the benefit of HD chromoendoscopy may be explained by the longer withdrawal time and not necessarily the enhanced contrast. However, re-inspection per se did not lead to a significantly higher colorectal neoplasia rate than single-pass HD white-light endoscopy alone.
Dynamical systems of modified Gauss–Bonnet gravity: cosmological implications
Authors: Singh Ashutosh 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In this paper, we derive the field equations of modified Gauss–Bonnet gravity termed as f(R, G) gravity for the non-flat Friedmann–Robertson–Walker (FRW) spacetime. We utilize the dynamical system approach to study the cosmic dynamics of two different class of f(R, G) models composed of radiation and matter (cold dark matter and baryonic matter). The linear perturbations around the fixed points are studied to explore the corresponding stability of points. The cosmological implications are studied in

$$f(R,G)=f_0R^nG^{1-n}$$

f

(
R
,
G
)

=

f
0

R
n

G

1
-
n

and

$$f(R,G)=f_0R^\alpha +f_1G^\beta $$

f

(
R
,
G
)

=

f
0

R
α

+

f
1

G
β

models to identify the qualitative evolution of universe with the flat-FRW spacetime. The qualitative differences between the considered class of models are discussed in detail. The fixed points corresponding to the late-time accelerated and radiation phase of the universe will exist in the model but, the existence of fixed point corresponding to the matter dominated phase will depend on the functional form of f(R, G). Furthermore, the autonomous systems are utilized to study the cosmographic parameters along with the statefinder diagnostic.
PRDM1 is a key regulator of the natural killer T–cell central memory program and effector function
Authors: Tian Gengwen , Barragán Gabriel A. , Yu Hangjin , Martinez-Amador Claudia , Adaikkalavan Akshaya , Rios Xavier , Guo Linjie , Drabek Janice M. , Pardias Osmay , Xu Xin , Montalbano Antonino , Zhang Chunchao , Li Yanchuan , Courtney Amy N. , Di Pierro Erica J. , Metelitsa Leonid S. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Natural killer T cells (NKTs) are a promising platform for cancer immunotherapy, but few genes involved in regulation of NKT therapeutic activity have been identified. To find regulators of NKT functional fitness, we developed a CRISPR/Cas9-based mutagenesis screen that employs a guide RNA (gRNA) library targeting 1,118 immune-related genes. Unmodified NKTs and NKTs expressing a GD2-specific chimeric antigen receptor (GD2.CAR) were transduced with the gRNA library and exposed to CD1d+ leukemia or CD1d–GD2+ neuroblastoma cells, respectively, over six challenge cycles in vitro. Quantification of gRNA abundance revealed enrichment of PRDM1-specific gRNAs in both NKTs and GD2.CAR NKTs, a result that was validated through targeted PRDM1 knockout. Transcriptional, phenotypic, and functional analyses demonstrated that CAR NKTs with PRDM1 knockout underwent central memory–like differentiation and resisted exhaustion. However, these cells downregulated the cytotoxic mediator granzyme B and showed reduced in vitro cytotoxicity and only moderate in vivo antitumor activity in a xenogeneic neuroblastoma model. In contrast, shRNA-mediated PRDM1 knockdown preserved effector function while promoting central memory differentiation, resulting in GD2.CAR NKTs with potent in vivo antitumor activity. Thus, we have identified PRDM1 as a regulator of NKT memory differentiation and effector function that can be exploited to improve the efficacy of NKT-based cancer immunotherapies.
Figure 5 from Single-Cell RNA Sequencing before and after Light Chain Escape Reveals Intrapatient Multiple Myeloma Subpopulations with Divergent Osteolytic Gene Expression
Authors: Ohlstrom Denis , Walker Zachary J. , Pandey Abhishek , Davis Lorraine N. , Engel Krysta L. , Pan Zenggang , Forsberg Peter A. , Mark Tomer M. , Gillen Austin E. , Sherbenou Daniel W. 
Published: January 2025

<p>Patients from the CoMMpass database with LCE have a poor prognosis. <b>A,</b> Fifteen patients identified from CoMMpass with LCE showed significantly shorter PFS from diagnosis than those without LCE. <b>B,</b> Patients identified from CoMMpass with LCE showed significantly shorter OS from diagnosis than those without LCE. <b>C,</b> Patients from CoMMpass with LCE with high <i>LAMP5</i> expression had a trend toward significantly shorter PFS compared with those with LCE and low <i>LAMP5</i>. <b>D,</b> Patients from CoMMpass with LCE with high <i>LAMP5</i> expression had nonsignificantly shorter OS compared with those with LCE and low <i>LAMP5</i>. <b>E,</b> Patients from CoMMpass with LCE had nonsignificantly shorter time to diffuse lytic lesions compared with those without LCE. <b>F,</b> In particular, all patients identified with both LCE and high <i>LAMP5</i> expression had diffuse lytic lesions at diagnosis, or soon after. <b>G,</b> The GEP70 score was nonsignificantly higher in patients with LCE and high <i>LAMP5</i> compared with those with low <i>LAMP5</i>. <b>H,</b> The GEP5 score was significantly higher in patients with LCE and high <i>LAMP5</i> compared with those with low <i>LAMP5</i>. *, <i>P</i> < 0.05</p>
Examining Healthy Lifestyles as a Mediator of the Association Between Socially Determined Vulnerabilities and Incident Heart Failure
Authors: Singh Nickpreet , Jonas Chanel , Pinheiro Laura C. , Lau Jennifer D. , Cui Jinhong , Long Leann , Banerjee Samprit , Durant Raegan W. , Sterling Madeline R. , Shikany James M. , Safford Monika M. , Levitan Emily B. , Goyal Parag 
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND:
Increased burden of socially determined vulnerabilities (SDV), which include nonmedical conditions that contribute to patient health, is associated with incident heart failure (HF). Mediators of this association have not been examined. We aimed to determine if a healthy lifestyle mediates the association between SDV and HF.

METHODS:
We included adults aged 45 to 64 years old across the United States from the REGARDS cohort study (Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke) without evidence of HF at baseline. The primary exposure was a count of SDV based on the Healthy People 2030 framework. The primary outcome was incident HF. We assessed the role of a healthy behavior score (HBS range, 0–8) and its components (adherence to a Mediterranean diet, physical activity, lack of sedentary lifestyle, and smoking abstinence) as potential mediators of the association between SDV and incident HF.

RESULTS:
We included 13 on 525 participants. The median HBS was 4, with 16% with low HBS (0–2), 55% with moderate HBS (3–5), and 29% with high HBS (6–8). Increasing burden of SDV was associated with a stepwise increase in incident HF (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.84 [95% CI, 1.32–2.52] for 1 SDV, 2.59 [95% CI, 1.87–3.60] for 2 SDV, and 4.20 [95% CI, 3.08–5.73] for ≥3 SDV). There was no statistically significant mediation of HBS for the association of SDV count of 1 and incident HF. HBS score mediated 10.6% of the association between SDV count of 2 and incident HF and 11.1% of the association for those with ≥3 SDV. This increased to 10.8% and 18.3%, respectively, in the complete case analysis. Regarding individual components of HBS as mediators, only avoidance of a sedentary lifestyle was statistically significant (8.6% mediation) for the association of SDV count of 2 and incident HF.

CONCLUSIONS:
A healthy lifestyle plays a small role in mediating the association between high SDV count and incident HF.