bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of sanitation facilities on diarrhea prevalence among children aged below 5 years in flood-prone areas of Bangladesh: A multilevel analysis
Authors: kikuchi michiko 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Although the improvement of sanitation facilities has been a major contributor to improving public health, it is not guaranteed to prevent negative health outcomes. This is especially true in areas affected by severe natural disasters, such as flooding or extreme rainfall. Previous studies have focused on the association between catastrophic natural disasters and negative health outcomes. However, studies focusing on disaster-prone areas are limited. This study focused on the impact of flood risks and examined whether the improvement of sanitation facilities would be sufficient to suppress the prevalence of diarrhea in flood-prone areas. To this end, we used data from the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey and geodata of flood-prone areas. Results showed that the severely and low flood-prone areas had significant positive and negative associations with diarrhea prevalence, respectively. However, interactions between unimproved sanitation and moderately flood-prone areas as well as between diffused sanitation facilities and severely flood-prone areas had significant negative associations with diarrhea prevalence. These findings indicate that improved sanitation may not positively contribute to the prevention of diarrhea in these areas. Instead of installing sanitation facilities that concentrate feces in one area in flood-prone regions, the urgent need for alternative sanitation technologies should be addressed.
Deciphering spatio-seasonal patterns, driving forces and human health risks of nitrate and fluoride enriched water bodies in the Inner Mongolia Reaches of the Yellow River Basin, China
Authors: Qu Shen , Luo Yanyun , Duan Limin , Pei Sensen , Miao Ping , Wang Chenyu , Liu Tingxi , Yu Ruihong 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

The ecology and environment of the Yellow River Basin is threatened by fluoride and nitrate contamination induced by anthropogenic activity and geogenic factors. As a result, deciphering the spatiotemporal variability of fluoride and nitrate contamination in this area remains a challenge. 386 samples of surface water and groundwater from the Inner Mongolia Reaches of the Yellow River Basin were taken for this investigation. According to the results of the multivariate statistical and geostatistical analyses, the fluoride pollution was primarily discovered in the middle and lower reaches of the study area and was determined to be more severe during the dry season. In contrast, nitrate contamination was found to be more severe during the wet season while being widely distributed in groundwater and concentrated in areas with intensive agricultural activities. The primary mechanisms governing the spatial-seasonal patterns of NO3− and F− pollution were shown by the principal component analysis, isotopic, and hydrochemical diagrams. The water-rock interaction or evaporation was crucial in the enrichment of NO3− and F−. The human inputs (e.g., fertilizer or sewage) dominated nitrate contamination. Additionally, the alkaline environment played a role in the generation of NO3− and F−. The health risk assessment concluded that the threat of fluoride contamination was greater than that of nitrate contamination. Children faced the greatest health risks, followed by females and males. These findings would serve as a guide for water management and pollution control in the Yellow River Basin.
Assessment of the expression patterns of ZNF667-AS1, LINC00662, and ZFP36 and their association with breast cancer patients’ clinicopathological
Authors: Baboukani Niloofar Shahsavari , Pour-Rouholamin Ali , Hounejani Ariana Ehteshami , Rabeh Maryam , Omidghaemi Shadi , Azadeh Mansoureh 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background:Among women worldwide, breast cancer is the most common form of cancer. Malignant tumors are believed to be regulated by long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). By using both experimental and bioinformatic approaches, we examined the expression level of ZNF667-AS1 and its interactions with correlated microRNAs, lncRNAs, and mRNAs or protein-coding genes.Material and methods:An RNA interaction analysis (miRWalk, lncRRisearch, ENCORI, and lncBase3) was performed along with a protein interaction analysis (STRING). As part of this study, we analyzed the differentially expressed genes inthe microarray dataset GSE61304, as well as in breast cancer tissue samples,using quantitative real-time PCR.Result:Significantly low expression of ZNF667-AS1 was found in the ENCORI experiment (change: 0.61, FDR < 0.0001) and qRT-PCR experiment (fold change: 0.046071, p value < 0.0001). The ROC curve indicates that ZNF667-AS1 has potential as a diagnostic biomarker of breast cancer(AUC of 0.8373, p value <0.0001). ZNF667-AS1 interacts with mRNA ZFP36, lncRNA LINC0062, and hsa-miR-877-5p. Among the breast carcinoma samples studied, ZFP36 had a low level of expression (FC=0.573951, P-value=0.0027), Linc00662 had a high level of expression (FC=2.291036, P-value=0.0007) and based on ENCORI, hsa-miR-877-5p had a severe level of expression. Linc00662 (AUC of 0.6864, P-value= 0.0211) and ZFP36 (AUC of 0.7692, P-value= 0.0009) are two potential biomarkers for BC diagnosis.Conclusion:ZNF667-As1 was found to be a promising diagnostic biomarker for breast cancer samples based on this integrated computational and experimental study. In the future, researchers will be able to gain more insight into the role ZNF667-AS1 plays in breast cancer by investigating the correlation between ZNF667-AS1 and correlated mRNAs, lncRNAs, and microRNAs, especially the RNAs mentioned in this study.
Analysis on Dynamics Characteristics of Vibratory Harvesting for Cutted Sea buckthorn branch and Design of mechanism parame
Authors: Liang Bingqin , Lin Xinzhang , Liu Ganghui , Wang Weibing 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Hippophae rhamnoides have yellow or orange berries, which have high nutritional and medicinal value, but it is difficult to harvest directly because of their close attachment to the fruit branches. The vibration harvesting equipment can be designed and developed correctly and reasonably by using the finite element method to study the vibration harvesting dynamics of Hippophae rhamnoides pruning and the parameter design of the related mechanism. First, the 3D model of Hippophae rhamnoides pruning was established by CATIA and was imported into ABAQUS software for modal analysis and harmonic response. The first 12 natural frequencies were determined to be 4.1 ~ 23.1 Hz, the optimum excitation frequency is 21.1 Hz and 16.2 Hz, and the optimum excitation force is 35 N and 25 N respectively. Secondly, the dynamic model of the cutting branch device is established and solved, and after bringing in the relevant parameters, the optimal design dimensions of crank r and connecting rod l are determined to be r1=22mm, l1=88mm, r2=13mm, l2=52mm, respectively. This research can provide a theoretical basis for the development and testing of a vibrating sea buckthorn-cutting harvesting device.
Socioeconomic inequality in food groups consumption in school aged Kurdish children in Iran
Authors: Mostafavi Farideh , Azadi Namamali , Nouri Bijan , Mostafavi Rahimeh , Faizi Farzad , Moradi Ghobad 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: An unhealthy diet, including low in fruits, vegetables, and dairy products, and high-fat, high-sugar foods and beverages, increases the risk of non-communicable diseases. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the economic inequality of the different food groups in school aged Kurdish children in Iran.
Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted in 2015 in 10-12 years old students in the west of Iran. The eating diet was evaluated using Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). Thelogistic regression was used to assess the relationship between food groups and the determinants. The concentration curve and concentration index)CI (were used to measure the inequalities.
Results: Our findings showed that consumption of milk and dairy products, meat and protein rich foods, vegetables, fruits, and fish was higher among people with high SES. On the contrary, Consumption of fast-food and soft drinks was lower in people with high SES. Our study also showed that girls consumed less milk and dairy products, fruits, vegetables, fast food and soft drinks and more meat and protein rich food and fish than boys. The regression results showed that mother’s high level of education was associated with higher consumption of fruits, vegetables, milk and dairy products, meat and bean, and fish. Therefore, mother’s level of education was protective factor in consuming fast food and soft drinks. We also observed a decrease in fast food consumption as a result of increasing mother’s age while consuming foods with saturated fat was related to the same variable. CI for consumption of dairy products (P<0.001), meat and protein rich foods (P=0.0.34), fruits, vegetables (P<0.001), fish (P<0.001) fell into the rich group of the society and the CI for fast food consumption fell into the poor group. CI for consumption of soft drinks (p=0.588), saturated fats (p=0.550), salt (p=0.645), and snacks (p=0.885) was not significant.
Conclusions: The consumption of healthy diet e.g., milk and dairy products, meat and protein rich foods, vegetables, fruits, and fish were low in school aged children and it was concentrated in low SES children. Taking action by the national and local governments to reduce inequality in unhealthy choices is necessary.
Antimalarial resistance in Mozambique: Absence of Plasmodium falciparum Kelch 13 (K13) propeller domain polymorphisms associated with resistance to artemisinins
Authors: Silva Clemente , Matias Daniela , Dias Brigite , Cancio Beatriz , Silva Miguel , Viegas Ruben , Chivale Nordino , Luis Sonia , Salvador Crizolgo , Duarte Denise , Arnaldo Paulo , Enosse Sonia , Nogueira Fatima 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Malaria remains one of the most serious public health problem in sub-Saharan Africa and Mozambique is the world's fourth largest contributor, with 4.7% of disease cases and 3.6% of total deaths due to malaria. Its control relies on the fight against the vector and treatment of confirmed cases with antimalarial drugs. Malaria Molecular surveillance is important tool for monitoring the spread of antimalarial drug resistance. A cross-sectional study recruited 450 participants with malaria infection detected by Rapid Diagnostic Test, from three different study sites (Niassa, Manica and Maputo) to collect blood samples on filter papers (Whatman® FTA® cards), between April and August of 2021. Parasite DNA was extracted from all dried blood spot samples using chelex method and Sanger sequenced. SIFT software (Sorting Intolerant From Tolerant) was used, predict whether an amino acid substitution affects protein function. No pfkelch13-mediated artemisinin resistance gene mutation was detected in our study settings. However, non-synonymous mutations were detected at prevalence of 10.2%, 6% and 5% in Niassa, Manica and Maputo, respectively. Most (56.3%) of the reported non-synonymous mutations were due to substitution at the first base of the codon, 25% at the second base and 18.8% at the third base. Additionally, 50% of non-synonymous mutations showed a SIFTscore bellow cut off value of 0.05, therefore, they were predicted to be deleterious. Our results do not show an emergence of artemisinin resistance cases in Mozambique. However, the increased number of novel non-synonymous mutations highlights the relevance of increasing the number of studies focused on the molecular surveillance of ACTs resistance markers, for its early detection.
Models for evaluating intrinsic capacity based on different locomotion assessments in the old-old
Authors: Lu Fei , Li Jiaojiao , Liu Xiaohong , Liu Shuo , Jiang Shan , Sun Xiaohong , Yu Xinxiu 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose: To compare the World Health Organization (WHO) intrinsic capacity (IC) model with different IC decline models based on various locomotion assessments for consistency and predictive value of adverse health outcomes.
Methods: IC was evaluated using the WHO IC model. Locomotion was assessed using the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), five times sit-to-stand test (FTSST), usual gait speed (GS), timed up-and-go test (TUG), and handgrip strength (HG). Different IC models were constructed based on the outcomes of each locomotion item. Cohen's kappa coefficient was used to evaluate consistency. Logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic curves were used to analyse the relationships between IC decline and adverse health outcomes.
Results: A total of 173 older residents (85.1±3.5 years) were enrolled. The consistencies (Cohen's kappa coefficient) of the FTSST, GS, TUG, and HG models with the WHO IC model were 0.83, 0.78, 0.75, and 0.43, respectively. After adjusting for age, sex, and comorbidity, IC decline based on the SPPB, FTSST, GS, and TUG models was significantly associated with falls and functional decline (p < 0.01), while IC decline based on the HG model was not. The FTSST, GS, and TUG models had similar predictive values for falls (0.63 vs. 0.65 vs. 0.63) and functional decline (0.63 vs. 0.64 vs. 0.62) when compared with the WHO IC model (area under the curve= 0.65).
Conclusions: IC models based on FTSST, GS, and TUG assessments of the locomotion dimension were in good agreement with the WHO IC model.
Application of new magnetic mesoporous composites in pretreatment of organophosphorus pesticide residues in green leafy vegetables
Authors: Yuan Caixia , Wang Lu , Hong Xia , He Haining , Yang Guangrui , Chen Zhenbin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The self-developed magnetic nanoparticles supported octadecane amine-functionalized mesoporous carbon composite was synthesized in this work. A sample pretreatment method for rapid detection of organophosphorus pesticide residues in green leafy vegetables was investigated based on QuEChERS technology and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The surface structure of the magnetic mesoporous composite was characterized by transmission electron microscopy and a magnetometer. The experimental results show that the magnetic mesoporous material can eliminate the matrix interference, improve the detection efficiency and simplify the operation compared with the traditional purification agent. The residues of 16 organophosphorus pesticides in green leafy vegetable matrix have a good linear relationship in the concentration range of 0.02~0.25 µg/mL, and the correlation coefficient (R2) is between 0.9943~0.9997. At the addition levels of 0.02, 0.05 and 0.10 mg/kg, the average recovery rate of 16 organophosphorus pesticides in green leafy vegetable matrix is between 81.3%~94.0%, the relative standard deviation is less than 10%, and the minimum detection limit is 0.01~0.08 µg/mL. The results showed that all green leafy vegetables met the maximum residue limit of organophosphorus pesticides. This method has the advantages of high sensitivity, strong universality, high accuracy, good stability, financial and economic. It is suitable for detecting pesticide residues in other vegetables and fruits and sample pretreatment.
Self-care Practice and associated factors among Adults with Diabetes on Chronic Care Follow-up at Yirgalem General Hospital, Sidama, Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Kobamo Mehreteab Million , Bekele Fanuel Belayneh , Simachew Yilkal , Abebe Mahlet Tesfaye , Abore Kibruyisfaw Weldeab 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: Self-care practice is an integral and efficient part of the comprehensive management of diabetes that could be influenced by various sociodemographic, clinical, and lifestyle factors.
Objective: The study aimed to assess diabetes self-care practice and its determinants among adults with diabetes on follow-up at Yirgalem general hospital, Yirgalem, Sidama, Ethiopia.
Methodology: An Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted from February 15 to May 10, 2022 at Yirgalem general hospital on 297 randomly selected adults with diabetes on chronic care follow-up. Face-to-face interview using a pre-tested structured questionnaire and chart review was utilized to collect data. Descriptive analysis was done to determine the magnitude of self-care practice. Bivariate and multivariate Binary logistics regression was performed to determine predictors of self-care practice at α=0.05, using an adjusted odds ratio and 95% confidence interval. Association with p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Result: The overall self-care practice among diabetic patients was 59.4%. Based on the domains of care, 15(5%) had good self-glucose monitoring care, 228(76.5%) had good exercise self-care, 268(89.9%) had good dietary self-care, 228(76.5%) had good foot self-care, and 260(87.2%) had good diabetic medication adherence. Residence area (AOR=2.992, 95% CI; (1.251, 7.153)) and ownership of glucometer (AOR=2.273, 95% CI; (1.083, 4.772)) were statistically significant predictors of good self-care practice among diabetic patients.
Conclusion: The overall good practice of diabetic self-care in this study was low. Marital status, place of residence, and ownership of a functional glucometer were statistically significant predictors of good diabetic self-care. Targeted intervention addressing those patients coming from a rural area to increase the awareness and practice of self-care as well as promotion of ownership of glucometer and counseling on the importance of self-glucose monitoring is recommended.
Density and habitat selection of Endangered red panda in Imawbum National Park, Kachin State, Northern Myanmar
Authors: Lin Aung Ko , Ngoprasert Dusit , Sukumal Niti , Browne Stephen , Savini Tommaso 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Imawbum National Park is a biodiversity hotspot, supporting habitat of the Endangered red panda. The National Park is part of the Northern Forest Complex in Kachin State, Myanmar, in the Eastern Himalayan Region. Forest degradation and habitat loss resulting from illegal logging is the primary threat to red pandas in the area. Assessments of the species’ density and habitat status in Imawbum National Park have been hampered by inadequate data and the difficult and rugged terrain that is present. In this study, we estimate red panda density using a spatial presence-absence model and predicted the area and type of suitable habitat, using an infinite weight logistic regression model. Red panda density was estimated as 58 animals/100 km2in our study area, with the predicted area of suitable habitat being1373 km2inside and 633 km2outside the park. Elevation and snow cover both positively influenced the probabilities of occurrence and detection, respectively. These results highlight the significance of Imawbum National Park as an important area of habitat red panda and the need to protect and conserve both the national park and the surrounding areas effectively to ensure the species’ long-term survival.
Prediction of 2-Year Mortality in Patients with Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Treated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Based on a Machine Learning Algorithm
Authors: Zhang Rui , Liu Xiaochun , Liu Shihan , Wang Ruoxuan , Liang Fangrong , Xu Wenjiang , Wu Ruochen , Shi Chunhui 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) extend the survival time in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but not all patients respond to the treatment. However, current immune-related biomarkers, such as programmed death receptor ligand 1 (PD-L1) and tumor mutation burden(TMB) are limited. We created a machine learning (ML) based clinical decision support algorithm to evaluate the 2-Year mortality of NSCLC patients treated with ICIs by comprehensively combining the clinical information.
Methods: We collected clinical data, including patient characteristics, mutations and laboratory findings, from the electronic medical records of 345 patients with NSCLC treated with ICIs. Through machine learning and statistical analysis, we constructed effective immune risk score models. Twenty-four clinically meaningful features were used in supervised ML algorithms, including decision trees, random forest and XGBoost , to predict the 2-Year mortality.
Results: Several factors, including driver gene mutation status, derived neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (dNLR), prognostic nutrition index (PNI), could independently predict the 2-Year mortality.ML platforms based on the random forest algorithm using 24 clinical features showed more significant prediction performance (area under the curve [AUC] 0.736).
Conclusions: Collectively, our machine learning algorithm offers a clinical decision support model to predict the 2-Year mortality in NSCLC treated with ICIs.
MRST-YOLO: A Novel Microalgae Detection Method Based On YOLOv5s and Mixed Residual Swin Transformer
Authors: Chen Yantong , Liu Yang , Zhang Yanyan , Wang Jialiang 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Aiming at the problems of small target, variable morphology and dense distribution in the detection of microalgae cells in ship ballast water, this paper proposes a microalgae detection algorithm based on the YOLOv5s and Mixed Residual Swin Transformer(MRST). Firstly, to improve microalgae detection in dense scenes, this paper proposed a novel structure of Swin transformer with residual connectivity combined with feature extraction network of Yolov5s. It can enhance the model's encoding of relative location features to improve global capture performance. Secondly, to refine the extraction of microalgal features, an improved lightweight attention module is proposed to enhance multi-morphic feature recognition. Thirdly, since microalgae are mostly small targets, we fine-tuned the prediction mechanism, which can improve the small target localization ability and reduce the network parameters at the same time. Finally, to further improve the detection in dense microalgae scenarios, a novel prediction box processing paradigm CP-cluster is introduced to optimize the post-processing of the network. The experimental results indicate that under identical conditions, the mAP-IOU@0.5 and mAP-IOU@[0.5:0.95] of the proposed MRST-YOLO algorithm are 99.6% and 83.5%, respectively. The algorithm has the capability to achieve real-time detection, which greatly enhances its ability to identify microalgae species with better accuracy and efficiency.
Vaccination Hesitation and Impact on Vaccine Indicators in Children Under One Year in Northeast Brazil
Authors: de Carvalho Bruna Carolina Miranda , Gomes Helierson , de Jesus Andrielly Gomes 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Active immunization through vaccination is the most effective method to reduce the spread of infectious and contagious diseases. Thus, this study analyzed the vaccination rates in the state of Maranhão in the period 2013–2022, in order to understand the implications of reducing this coverage for the reemergence of diseases that had been eradicated until then and the main outcomes. This is an analytical research of the ecological type of time series carried out in the state of Maranhão. (BCG), human rotavirus vaccine, pneumococcal vaccine 10, pentavalent vaccine (DTP + Hib + HB), meningococcal C vaccine, polio vaccine, and yellow fever (YF) vaccine. in the 19 regional health units of the state (URS). Of the seven immunobiologicals studied, the only ones to reach the recommended target for vaccination coverage were BCG and poliomyelitis, during the period of data analysis. Regarding the trend, none showed an increasing pattern during the analyzed period. Undoubtedly, vaccines are indispensable tools for preventing and combating diseases, in addition to being extremely cost-effective. In view of the results, it can be said that the population is certainly the main protagonist in this scenario, since the success or failure of immunization actions are closely associated with society's adherence. Therefore, supporting and encouraging actions that contribute to community awareness and access to vaccines are fundamental in this context.