bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parody in the Age of Remix
Authors: Brøvig Ragnhild 
Published: March 2023

The art of mashup music, its roots in parody, and its social and legal implications.
Parody needn't recognize copyright—but does an algorithm recognize parody? The ever-increasing popularity of remix culture and mashup music, where parody is invariably at play, presents a conundrum for internet platforms, with their extensive automatic, algorithmic policing of content. Taking a wide-ranging look at mashup music—the creative and technical considerations that go into making it; the experience of play, humor, enlightenment, and beauty it affords; and the social and legal issues it presents—Parody in the Age of Remix offers a pointed critique of how society balances the act of regulating art with the act of preserving it.
In several jurisdictions, national and international, parody is exempted from copyright laws. Ragnhild Brøvig contends that mashups should be understood as a form of parody, and thus be protected from removal from hosting platforms. Nonetheless, current copyright-related content-moderation regimes, relying on algorithmic detection and automated decision making, frequently eliminate what might otherwise be deemed gray-area content—to the detriment of human listeners and, especially, artists. Given the inaccuracy of takedowns, Parody in the Age of Remix makes a persuasive argument in favor of greater protection for remix creativity in the future—but it also suggests that the content-moderation challenges facing mashup producers and other remixers are symptomatic of larger societal issues.
Data Paradoxes
Authors: Hoeyer Klaus 
Published: March 2023

Why healthcare cannot—and should not—become data-driven, despite the many promises of intensified data sourcing.
In contemporary healthcare, everybody seems to want more data, of higher quality, on more people, and to use this data for a wider range of purposes. In theory, such pervasive data collection should lead to a healthcare system in which data can quickly, efficiently, and unambiguously be interpreted and provide better care for patients, more efficient administration, enhanced options for research, and accelerated economic growth. In practice, however, data are difficult to interpret and the many purposes often undermine one another. In this book, anthropologist and STS scholar Klaus Hoeyer offers an in-depth look at the paradoxes surrounding healthcare data.
Focusing on Denmark, a world leader in healthcare data infrastructures, Hoeyer shares the perspectives of different stakeholders, from epidemiologists to hospital managers, from patients to physicians, analyzing the social dynamics set in motion by data intensification and calling special attention to that which cannot be easily coded in a database. He illustrates how data can be at once helpful, overwhelming, and sometimes disastrous through concrete examples. The COVID-19 pandemic serves as a special closing case study that shows how these data paradoxes carry weighty political implications. By revealing the diverse and sometimes contradictory practices spawned by intensified data sourcing, Data Paradoxes raises vital questions about how we might better use healthcare data.
A Critical Study on Availability of Agricultural Inputs with the Agri Input Dealers of Nagarkarnool and Wanaparthy Districts of Telangana State, India
Authors: Manasa Keesam , Jirli Basavaprabhu , Srishailam B. , Ravi Golla 
Published: March 2023

Biggest discovery in the history of humanity was agriculture for basic livelihood of people to sustain this biggest development the quality supply of agricultural inputs to the farming community is essential because agriculture is the primary source of livelihood for about 58% of India’s population. Gross Value Added by agriculture, forestry, and fishing was estimated at Rs. 19.48 lakh crore (US$ 276.37 billion) in FY20. Share of agriculture and allied sectors in gross value added (GVA) of India at current prices stood at 20.2 % in FY20. (Source: National Statistical Office (NSO). Seeds are critical to successful crop production and inevitably, farm productivity and profitability. Fertilizer supplies nutrients to the soil that are essential for growth. Crop protection chemicals control weed species, harmful insects and plant diseases that affect crops. Technical knowledge and Machinery enhance human labor effectiveness and increase farm productivity. Farm information helps the farmer to identify efficiencies that lead to higher productivity and profitability through achieving cost minimization and profit maximization. The study was carried out in the districts of Nagarkurnool and Wanaparthy of Telangana. A total of 60 input dealers were selected from the two districts based on Simple random sampling method. majority of the input dealers deal with medium range of agricultural inputs (55.00 per cent) Input dealers are dealing with combination of agricultural inputs and also various groups of plant protection chemicals based on their chemical classification are noticed to be sold by the input dealers during the study.
Study of Micro Albuminuria and HbA1c in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Shendi Town, Sudan: Case Control Based Study
Authors: Ali Safa Ahmed , Hassan Mutaz lbrahim , Altaher Tibyan Abd Almajed , Mahjaf Ghanem Mohammed , Gorish Babbiker Mohammed Taher , Saeed Abdalwahab Abdeen , Osman RahmaAbdo Ahmed , Abdelmula Waha Ismail Yahia 
Published: March 2023

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a systemic metabolic disorder that can lead to diabetic nephropathy (DN), a leading cause of end-stage renal disease around the world.
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare microalbuminuria and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels in patients with diabetes mellitus to healthy normal controls in Shendi, Sudan.
Materials and Methods: This hospital-based case-control study was carried out in Shendi, Sudan. Between June and October of 2021 This study included 50 participants, 30 of whom had clinically confirmed diabetes as cases and 20 who appeared to be healthy as controls. In this study, blood and random urine samples were collected from each case and control, and the levels of microalbuminuria and hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) were estimated using an A25 chemistry analyzer and an Ichroma immuno-analyzer, respectively. The data was collected with a structured questionnaire and analyzed with SPSS version 20.
Results: In our study, patients had higher mean microalbuminuria than controls (26.438.2 vs 11.4 9.2 mg/l, P value = 0.000). This study found a significant increase in mean hemoglobin A1C levels in the case group compared to the control group (7.382.2 vs5.7 0.76% P value = 0.001). Our findings also revealed that there was no relationship between microalbuminuria and disease duration.
Conclusions: Microalbuminuria levels were higher when compared to controls. In comparison to the control group, HbA1c levels were higher. Microalbuminuria and patient age had a weak positive correlation in our study group.
Inclusion of Race and Ethnicity With Neighborhood Socioeconomic Deprivation When Assessing COVID-19 Hospitalization Risk Among California Veterans Health Administration Users
Authors: Wong Michelle S. , Brown Arleen F. , Washington Donna L. 
Published: March 2023

ImportanceDespite complexities of racial and ethnic residential segregation (hereinafter referred to as segregation) and neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation, public health studies, including those on COVID-19 racial and ethnic disparities, often rely on composite neighborhood indices that do not account for residential segregation.ObjectiveTo examine the associations by race and ethnicity among California’s Healthy Places Index (HPI), Black and Hispanic segregation, Social Vulnerability Index (SVI), and COVID-19–related hospitalization.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study included veterans with positive test results for COVID-19 living in California who used Veterans Health Administration services between March 1, 2020, and October 31, 2021.Main Outcomes and MeasuresRates of COVID-19–related hospitalization among veterans with COVID-19.ResultsThe sample available for analysis included 19 495 veterans with COVID-19 (mean [SD] age, 57.21 [17.68] years), of whom 91.0% were men, 27.7% were Hispanic, 16.1% were non-Hispanic Black, and 45.0% were non-Hispanic White. For Black veterans, living in lower-HPI (ie, less healthy) neighborhoods was associated with higher rates of hospitalization (odds ratio [OR], 1.07 [95% CI, 1.03-1.12]), even after accounting for Black segregation (OR, 1.06 [95% CI, 1.02-1.11]). Among Hispanic veterans, living in lower-HPI neighborhoods was not associated with hospitalization with (OR, 1.04 [95% CI, 0.99-1.09]) and without (OR, 1.03 [95% CI, 1.00-1.08]) Hispanic segregation adjustment. For non-Hispanic White veterans, lower HPI was associated with more frequent hospitalization (OR, 1.03 [95% CI, 1.00-1.06]). The HPI was no longer associated with hospitalization after accounting for Black (OR, 1.02 [95% CI, 0.99-1.05]) or Hispanic (OR, 0.98 [95% CI, 0.95-1.02]) segregation. Hospitalization was higher for White (OR, 4.42 [95% CI, 1.62-12.08]) and Hispanic (OR, 2.90 [95% CI, 1.02-8.23]) veterans living in neighborhoods with greater Black segregation and for White veterans in more Hispanic-segregated neighborhoods (OR, 2.81 [95% CI, 1.96-4.03]), adjusting for HPI. Living in higher SVI (ie, more vulnerable) neighborhoods was associated with greater hospitalization for Black (OR, 1.06 [95% CI, 1.02-1.10]) and non-Hispanic White (OR, 1.04 [95% CI, 1.01-1.06]) veterans.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study of US veterans with COVID-19, HPI captured neighborhood-level risk for COVID-19–related hospitalization for Black, Hispanic, and White veterans comparably with SVI. These findings have implications for the use of HPI and other composite neighborhood deprivation indices that do not explicitly account for segregation. Understanding associations between place and health requires ensuring composite measures accurately account for multiple aspects of neighborhood deprivation and, importantly, variation by race and ethnicity.
A convolutional neural network model for EPID‐based non‐transit dosimetry
Authors: Bosco Lucas Dal , Franceries Xavier , Romain Blandine , Smekens François , Husson François , Le Lann Marie‐Véronique 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPurposeTo develop an alternative computational approach for EPID‐based non‐transit dosimetry using a convolutional neural network model.MethodA U‐net followed by a non‐trainable layer named True Dose Modulation recovering the spatialized information was developed. The model was trained on 186 Intensity‐Modulated Radiation Therapy Step & Shot beams from 36 treatment plans of different tumor locations to convert grayscale portal images into planar absolute dose distributions. Input data were acquired from an amorphous‐Silicon Electronic Portal Image Device and a 6 MV X‐ray beam. Ground truths were computed from a conventional kernel‐based dose algorithm. The model was trained by a two‐step learning process and validated through a five‐fold cross‐validation procedure with sets of training and validation of 80% and 20%, respectively. A study regarding the dependance of the amount of training data was conducted. The performance of the model was evaluated from a quantitative analysis based the ϒ‐index, absolute and relative errors computed between the inferred dose distributions and ground truths for six square and 29 clinical beams from seven treatment plans. These results were also compared to those of an existing portal image‐to‐dose conversion algorithm.ResultsFor the clinical beams, averages of ϒ‐index and ϒ‐passing rate (2%‐2mm > 10% Dmax) of 0.24 (±0.04) and 99.29 (±0.70)% were obtained. For the same metrics and criteria, averages of 0.31 (±0.16) and 98.83 (±2.40)% were obtained with the six square beams. Overall, the developed model performed better than the existing analytical method. The study also showed that sufficient model accuracy can be achieved with the amount of training samples used.ConclusionA deep learning‐based model was developed to convert portal images into absolute dose distributions. The accuracy obtained shows that this method has great potential for EPID‐based non‐transit dosimetry.
The Role of Histone Modifications in Heat Signal Transduction in Plants
Authors: Bai Jiaoteng , Shi Zeyu , Zheng Shuzhi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractGlobal warming and the more frequent occurrence of extremly high temperatures seriously affect crop yields. Heat stress (HS) has become a major environmental factor threatening food security worldwide. Understanding how plants sense and respond to HS is of clear interest to plant scientists and crop breeders. However, it is not trivial to elucidate the underlying signaling cascade, as specific cellular responses (ranging from detrimental to systemic effects) must be disentangled. Plants respond and adapt to high temperatures in many ways. In this review, recent progress in understanding heat signal transduction and the role of histone modifications in regulating the expression of genes involved in HS responses are discussed. The outstanding issues that are crucial for understanding the interactions between plants and HS are also discussed. The study of heat signal transduction mechanisms in plants is essential to facilitate the cultivation of heat‐resistant crop varieties.
Microfluidics for Rapid Detection of Live Pathogens
Authors: Spatola Rossi Carla , Coulon Frederic , Ma Shaohua , Zhang Yu Shrike , Yang Zhugen 
Published: March 2023

AbstractRapid, sensitive, and selective detection of live pathogens remains a key priority for quality control and risk assessment. While conventional methods often require complicated workflows, costly reagents, lab equipment, and are time‐consuming, rendering them inadequate for field testing and low‐resource settings. Increased attention has been drawn to developing alternative low‐cost and rapid methods to detect on‐site live pathogens in different environmental matrices. Among them, microfluidic devices that integrate various laboratory functions in a miniaturized manner have proven to be a promising tool for the rapid and sensitive detection of pathogens. Herein, the development of microfluidic devices specifically designed for the detection of live pathogens is discussed along a concise summary of novel microfluidics systems recently developed, contrasted to conventional methods regarding assay time, the limit of detection, and target organisms. These include a variety of micro total analysis systems (µTAS) and microfluidic paper‐based analytical devices (µPADs) in combination with molecular methods and traditional live cell detection techniques, such as cell culture, DNA intercalating dyes, resazurin, and immobilized bioreceptors (e.g., aptamers and capture antibodies). Furthermore, insights on the future perspectives of microfluidics for live pathogen detection with a highlight on the rapid and low‐cost method development for field testing are provided.
Multi‐Targeted Peptide‐Modified Gold Nanoclusters for Treating Solid Tumors in the Liver
Authors: Xiao Feng , Chen Yao , Qi Jie , Yao Qiaofeng , Xie Jianping , Jiang Xingyu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractApoptosis and autophagy determine the fate of cancer cells. However, simply promoting apoptosis of tumor cells is limited in the treatment of unresectable solid liver tumors. Generally, autophagy is considered the anti‐apoptotic “guardian”. But the pro‐apoptotic effects of autophagy can be activated by excessive endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Here, amphiphilic peptide‐modified glutathione (GSH)‐gold nanocluster aggregates (AP1P2‐PEG NCs) were designed with the enrichment of solid liver tumors and the prolonged stress in the ER, which can achieve the mutual promotion of autophagy and apoptosis in liver tumor cells. In this study, orthotopic and subcutaneous liver tumor models show the anti‐tumor effectiveness of AP1P2‐PEG NCs, with a better antitumor effect than sorafenib, biosafety (Lethal Dose, 50% (LD50) of 827.3 mg kg−1), wide therapeutic window (non‐toxic in 20 times of therapeutic concentration) and high stability (blood half‐life of 4 h). These findings identify an effective strategy to develop peptide‐modified gold nanocluster aggregates with low toxicity, high potency, and selectivity for solid liver tumors treatment.
Bioceramics in the CaMgSi2O6–Li2O System: A Glass‐Ceramic Strategy for Excellent Mechanical Strength and Enhanced Bioactivity by Spontaneous Elemental Redistribution
Authors: Tseng Yu‐Sheng , Su Yun‐Han , Chen Chia‐Lin , Zhang Ji , Wang Chih‐Kuang , Hanaor Dorian Amir Henry , Chen Wen‐Fan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA novel glass‐ceramic strategy for synthesizing mixed phase diopside (CaMgSi2O6)–lithium oxide (Li2O) bioceramics with excellent mechanical strength, superior biodegradation resistance, low environmental pH impact, enhanced bioactivity, and reasonable biocompatibility is developed for biomedical applications. The substitution of Li2O for MgO in CaMgSi2O6 stimulates the formation of secondary phases: CaSiO3, Li2Si2O5, SiO2, Li2SiO3, and Li2Ca2Si5O13. The evolution of CaSiO3 improves the surface hydroxyapatite (HAp) formation but lowers the mechanical strength and biological resistance, while the amorphous Li2Si2O5 phase tremendously reinforces the bioceramics by densifying the microstructure, indicating the simultaneous enhancement of bioactivity, mechanical strength, and durability. The promoted HAp formation is induced by the elemental redistribution where Mg elements are concentrated in large CaMgSi2O6 grains embedded in Li2Si2O5 amorphous matrix, which hinders the Mg2+ release and its readsorption by HAp. The cell viability is affected by Li2O substitution because of the high‐dose Li+. In the current work, Li0.25 (25 mol% Li2O) has the highest hardness (700 Hv as sintered and 197 Hv after simulated body fluid soaking), lowest weight loss (≈0.6 wt%), lowest pH variation (≈8.1), efficient HAp formation, and reasonable cell viability (70.5%), demonstrating its remarkable potential for bone implant applications due to the synergistic structural densification and biological improvement.
Oriented Surface‐Anchored Metal–Organic Frameworks (SurMOFs) as Electrochromic Thin Films
Authors: Mazel Antoine , Rocco Lucas , Penin Nicolas , Rougier Aline 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNovel electrochromic hybrid thin films are synthesized following a liquid‐phase epitaxy in a layer‐by‐layer fashion, yielding highly oriented surface‐anchored metal–organic frameworks (SurMOFs). The initial orange color of this {Zn2(PDICl4)2} crystalline thin films is reversibly switched by electrochemical reduction. In a lithium‐based electrolyte, a dark blue color is obtained in few seconds with a color efficiency of 104.8 cm2 C−1 (λ = 645 nm). Interestingly, the color of the reduced state is easily modulated by changing the electrolyte composition. Clearly, two different mechanisms are implicated and the reduced species responsible of the color are identified. Taking advantage of this unusual property, electrochromic devices with a novel configuration are designed leading to an original prototype capable of reversibly switching from a single initial orange color to two different colors simultaneously, namely dark blue and cyan.
GPNet: Key Point Generation Auxiliary Network for Object Detection
Authors: Shao Mingwen , Sun Yuantao , Liu Zeting , Peng Zilu , Li Shunhang , Li Cunhe 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFor existing object detectors, anchor‐based detectors lack global information, while anchor‐free detectors based on key points lack prior position information. The above issues may lead to the imbalance of detection accuracy and shape robustness. In order to alleviate the above contradictions, a new auxiliary network key point generation network (GPNet) is proposed to improve the performance of existing object detectors. Specifically, a series of key points are generated through ground truth (GT) supervision to obtain more global information. These key points generate pseudo boxes (Pbox) with learnable parameters. Pbox has more specific prior information than the manually designed candidate boxes. The scale information of the Pbox is embed into the classification branch to obtain a more appropriate receptive field. In addition, a novel improved strategy for label assignment by combining Pbox and GT to enhance the ability to classify positive and negative samples is proposed. Extensive experiments on multiple dense prediction methods validate the effectiveness of GPNet, with a performance improvement of 1.5 AP over baseline. In particular, with ResNext‐101‐64× 4d‐DCN as the backbone, this method achieves 49.5 AP with single‐scale testing.
Novel filamin C (FLNC) variant causes a severe form of familial mixed hypertrophic‐restrictive cardiomyopathy
Authors: Gaudreault Nathalie , Ruel Louis‐Jacques , Henry Cyndi , Schleit Jennifer , Lagüe Patrick , Champagne Jean , Sénéchal Mario , Sarrazin Jean‐François , Philippon François , Bossé Yohan , Steinberg Christian 
Published: March 2023

AbstractVariants of filamin C (FLNC) have been identified as rare genetic substrate for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Data on the clinical course of FLNC‐related HCM are conflicting with some studies suggesting mild phenotypes whereas other studies have reported more severe outcomes. In this study, we present a novel FLNC variant (Ile1937Asn) that was identified in a large family of French‐Canadian descent with excellent segregation data. FLNC‐Ile1937Asn is a novel missense variant characterized by full penetrance and poor clinical outcomes. End stage heart failure requiring transplantation occurred in 43% and sudden cardiac death in 29% of affected family members. Other particular features of FLNC‐Ile1937Asn include an early disease onset (mean age of 19 years) and the development of a marked atrial myopathy (severe biatrial dilatation with remodeling and multiple complex atrial arrhythmias) that was present in all gene carriers. The FLNC‐Ile1937Asn variant is a novel, pathogenic mutation resulting in a severe form of HCM with full disease penetrance. The variant is associated with a high proportion of end‐stage heart failure, heart transplantation, and disease‐related mortality. Close follow‐up and appropriate risk stratification of affected individuals at specialized heart centers is recommended.
Design and Synthesis of Nitro Cage Heterocycles as Energetic Materials Derived from Pentacycloundecane (PCUD) Systems
Authors: Kotha Sambasivarao , Salman Mohammad , Lal Sohan , Rao Cheekatla Subba , Ansari Saima 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA variety of pentacycloundecane (PCUD) based cage compounds containing nitro groups were synthesized via a simple synthetic method starting with cage diones. Eight PCUDs were used for nitro functionalization. These cage diones were prepared starting with easily accessible starting materials such as 2,3‐dimethylhydroquinone, 1,4‐dihydroxybenzene, and cyclopentadiene. Here, we have used Diels‐Alder (DA) reaction, [2+2] photocycloaddition, and Henry reaction as key steps. Transannular cyclization plays an important role to generate a nitro substituted cage heterocycles via base promoted reaction using nitromethane as a reagent. Some of these oxa‐cage structures have been further supported by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction studies. Energetic performance of the title compounds was evaluated using DFT based calculations. These bis(nitromethyl)octahydro‐1H‐1,3,4,6(epiethane‐[1,1,2,2]tetrayl)‐pentaleno[1,6‐bc]furan analogues (11 b–18 b) owned the densities in the range of 1.37–1.60 g/cm3. All the studied compounds possess high positive enthalpy of formation (33.68–230.48 kJ/mol, except compound with dimethyl groups (16 b, −11.38 kJ/mol) and very good thermal (Tm=99–147 °C) and kinetic stabilities. Ammonium perchlorate based various propulsion formulations suggests that these compounds could be excellent candidates in the solid rocket propulsion.