bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nutrient and fatty acid composition of elephant and king grasses from different altitudes
Authors: Anzhany D , Toharmat T , Despal D , Lozicki A , Rofiah N 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Types of forage and the altitude it grows affect the quality of milk’s fatty acids (FA) profile. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the chemical and FA quality of elephant grass (EG) and king grass (KG) growth from different altitudes. The grass samples were collected from Pangalengan District, the highland, and Dramaga District, the lowland. Grass lipid extraction and FA methylation were done according to the AOAC method. FA was quantified using gas chromatography (GC-7820A), CP-Sil 88 fused-silica capillary column, and authentic standard (Supelco 37 Component FAME-Mix). The nutrient content was analyzed using FT-NIR Spectrometer Solids Cell, except for EE used the AOAC method. This study showed EE content was significantly different between species, with the higher content found in EG. The C17:0 was significantly different between altitudes. The SFA, UFA, and PUFA were significantly different between species. The EG had higher UFA and PUFA and lower SFA. It showed that the higher EE content was related to the higher FAs yield, followed by higher UFA and PUFA in EG than in KG. It was concluded that the grass species had a more significant effect on chemical and FAs profiles than the altitude.
The influence of coconut endosperm composition based on the maturity levels against the quality of pliek-u
Authors: Khathir R , Yunita Y , Syahrini U R 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPliek-uis Acehnese’s food heritage that has potential as functional food due to its high protein and lactic acid contents. The study aimed to investigate the effect of coconut endosperm composition based on the maturity levels against the quality ofpliek-u. Two levels of Tall Coconut maturities used i.e., over mature (u-riek) and mature (u-pateun). About 2kg of grated coconut endosperm was fermented in a plastic box for 7 days at 3 compositions i.e., 30% over mature and 70% mature (P1), 50% over mature and 50% mature (P2), and 70% over mature and 30% mature (P3). Each treatment had been conducted in 3 replications. Then, the coconut was dried by using solar tunnel dryer type Hohenheim Aceh for 2 days. To producepliek-u, soon after the drying process, the warm coconut was pressed by using a hydraulic press. The parameters observed to evaluate the quality ofpliek-uwere moisture, fat, protein, and acidity. The consumer preferences were evaluated from 30 panellists on 4 criteria i.e., aroma, color, texture and taste by using hedonic scale from 1 to 5. Results showed that the composition of coconut endosperm at different maturity levels had influenced the quality ofpliek-usignificantly. The best moisture was obtained frompliek-uproduced by treatment P2, while the lowest fat content, the highest protein content and the most acid taste were identified frompliek-uproduced by treatment P3. However, according to consumer’s preferences, the best overall acceptance waspliek-uproduced by treatment P1 and P2 at score 4.2 (like). Therefore, this study recommended the best composition of coconut endosperm inpliek-uprocessing at 50% over mature and 50% mature (P2).
Drip irrigation system: useful technique to improve chili production
Authors: Cartika I , Murtiningsih R , Sembiring A , Sulastiningsih N W H , Moekasan T K , Prabaningrum L , Setiawatii W , Hasyim A 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The effects of climate change such as continuing reduces of the water availability and quality contributed to the declining the agricultural production. The production of chili, one of the vegetable commodities that high economic value in Indonesia, are also affected by this limited water availability. The current research to develop technology on the drip irrigation utilization aims to increase chili production using efficient water technology. The experiment was carried out at the Margahayu Research Station, Lembang, West Java, Indonesia (± 1,250 m asl) from May to November 2021. The T test design with two treatments i.e. (A) manual irrigation and (B) drip irrigation and four replications were implemented in this experiment. The use of drip irrigation could save the water used and irrigation time by 40.12% and 80% respectively during the vegetative phase and 37.11% and 77.78% respectively during the generative phase compared to those in manual irrigation. Further, the drip irrigation method could increase crop yields by 8.39%, reduce chili production costs by 13.04% and increase farmer income by 9.25% compared to manual irrigation. The incidence of bacterial fruit rot disease could be reduced using the drip irrigation method.
The addition of guanidino acetic acid with different protein levels in feed on the growth performance and drumstick meat quality of broiler chicken
Authors: Hanim C , Rahmawati D , Zuprizal  , Anas M A 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Guanidino acetic acid, or GAA, is the only direct precursor of creatinine and is involved in biological processes in the cellular energy of vertebrates. Creatine will be used in muscle and target cells to be phosphorylated into phosphocreatine utilizing creatine kinase, which functions to buffer ATP changes. GAA is involved in the biosynthesis of cellular energy for growth and muscle performance of broiler chickens, and it is also claimed to be capable of conserving arginine. This study employed a 2x3 factorial experimental design with two levels of protein (i.e., high and low) and three levels of GAA (i.e., 0 g/ton, 600 g/ton, and 1,200 g/ton) fed to 1,176 Indian River strain broiler chickens that were reared for 35 days. The R program was used to analyze the data, and if there was a significant difference, the Duncan multiple range test was performed. The results demonstrated that adding GAA on feed with different protein levels did not improve broiler performance. However, the addition of 1,200 g/ton GAA in low protein could reduce the cholesterol levels of broiler drumstick meat. Meanwhile, adding 600 g/ton GAA combined with the low protein treatment had the highest tenderness value. Therefore, to achieve the ideal proportion and enhance the performance and quality of broiler meat, GAA can continue to be added to broiler chicken feed.
Characterization of gamma ray induced mutations in PepYLCV-infecting local pepper in Karo Regency, Sumatra Utara, Indonesia
Authors: Tarigan R , Hanafiah D S , Sinuraya M , Manzila I , Hutabarat R C , Barus S , Marpaung A E , Karo B , Kirana R , Aryani D S 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Plant mutation breeding plays a pivotal role in increasing plant genetic variability, pest and disease resistance and yield production. Gamma ray irradiation induced to infected plants to obtain resistant mutant plants. This research aims to examine the morphological characterization of pepper plants and the mutant plants produced from irradiated PepYLCV-infecting local pepper from Karo Regency, Sumatra Utara, Indonesia. The research was conducted in January to October 2021 in farming land in Tongkoh Village, Dolat Rayat District, Karo Regency, Sumatra Utara, using non-Factorial Randomized Block Design. The mutation was induced by exposing the seeds of local chili to varied doses (D): 0 (uninfected seeds and unirradiated infected seeds), 150, 200 and 250 Gy and was performed using T-Test, replicated 3 times. The results of research showed that different doses of gamma rays significantly affected the mutant plants from the observation on its plant height, stem diameter, canopy and fruit lengths, fruit weight, number of branches, leaves and fruits. Plant induced with gamma ray 150 Gy found to have the longest canopy and fruit and also demonstrated the highest number of branches, flowers, leaves and the highest fruit weight compared to other higher doses. The exposure of gamma irradiation gave positive effect to infected chili to enhance their resistance in order to produce higher yield.
Estimation of the genetic parameters of hybridized peppers (Capsicum annuum L.) F2 progeny begomovirus resistance
Authors: Kesumawati E , Haidar Y , Pohan N S , Hadisah N , Jannah R , Hayati R , Khalil M , Nura N , Efendi E , Mayani N , Hayati E , Nurhayati  , Jalil M , Fitrizal F 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Pepper is an essential vegetable commodity in Indonesia. Pepper yellow leaf curl disease caused by the infection Begomoviruses caused tremendous damage to pepper production in the country. The breeding process through crosses is necessary to produce Begomovirus resistance material to overcome the constraint. In this present study, we estimated the genetic parameters of hybridized F2 pepper under natural infected conditions. Two C. annuum accessions, BaPep-5 has resistance material for pepy-1 Begomovirus (locally called Perintis) and BaPep-4 as a susceptible parent (called Kencana) were crossed to produce F2 progenies. F2 generation from the cross as much as 500 plants were transplanted along with 200 plants of each parent as control to the field. The estimation results indicated that the high heritability value was found in the fruit weight per plant (51.31%), the number of fruits per plant (65.58%), the thickness of fruit flesh (92.24%), fruit stalk length (52.43%), and fruit diameter (96.83%), suggesting that these characters have a level of broad genetic diversity. Moreover, a 100% genotypic coefficient of variance (GCV) is observed in the fruit weight per plant, the number of fruits per plant, the thickness of fruit flesh, and fruit diameter meaning that these characters have a high level of genetic diversity broad. In addition, a 100% very broad phenotypic coefficient of variance (PCV) criteria is observed in fruit weight per plant, the number of fruits per plant, the thickness of fruit flesh, and fruit diameter, suggesting that these characteristics have a variety of appearances. Conclusively, fruit weight per plant, number of fruits per plant, the thickness of fruit flesh, and fruit diameter are the characters with high heritability values followed by very broad GCV and PCV values which potentially be inherited and can be used as a reference for selecting further Begomovirus resistance traits.
Light intensity effect on number of seedlings and growth of Gyrinops versteegii
Authors: Rawana  , Prijono Agus , Suparyanto Teddy , Sudigyo Digdo , Pardamean Bens 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Due to the depletion of its natural population, the Gyrinops versteegii species, one of the species producing agarwood, has been domesticated in Indonesia, particularly in Sragen Central Java. As a result, it was designated as a vulnerable species in both CITES Appendix II and the IUCN Red List Ver23. The research objective is to determine the effect of the light intensity on the number of seedlings, tree density, height, and diameter of the G.versteegii tree growth. The study was conducted from February to October 2018 at a domesticated agarwood community forest in Sragen, Central Java. A systematic plot method, a random start, was applied to this research with 28 nested plots, 1x1 m2 for seedlings and 10x10 m2 for the trees. The data were analyzed using both hierarchical clustering and correlation analysis. The relative light intensity of 2,82% led to an enormous number of seedlings and tree diameter, while the relative light intensity of 0.31% resulted in the highest tree density. The number of seedlings and tree diameter was strongly correlated with the relative light intensity. In contrast, there is an inverse relationship between tree density and relative light intensity.
Study of soil chemical characteristics on citronella cultivation area in the Gayo Highlands
Authors: Salima R , Karim A , Sugianto S , Yasar M 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This research tries to identify the chemical state of the soil in the existing citronella planting area in the Gayo Highlands based on altitude, slope, and soil type. The method used in this research is the descriptive method, with data collected through field surveys and laboratory analysis. Soil samples were taken at each observation point by a purposive sampling method, which was determined based on the components forming a homogeneous land unit consisting of six (6) elevation classes, five (5) slope classes, and five (5) soil types. The results of the analysis showed that the highest value of C-organic was found at location Land Unit 6 (LU6) altitude above 1,200 meters above sea level (m asl), which was 7.29%, and the lowest value was found at location LU1 (200-400 m asl), which was 0.81%. While the highest variation of CEC values was found at locations LU6 and LU3 (600-800 m asl) with a value of 56.40 cmol kg−1, the lowest was found at locations LU1. The citronella cultivation area in the Gayo Highlands was studied based on altitude, slope, and soil type at each observation point. It is still suitable to be developed as a citronella cultivation area where the value of soil chemical characteristics found at each research location is in the low to very high criteria and the pH criteria are in the acid to slightly alkaline criteria.
Indirect organogenesis of Aceh patchouli leaf explants (Pogostemon cablin Benth) by in vitro
Authors: Puspita D E , Efendi E , Zakaria S , Sriwati R 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The Aceh patchouli plant (Pogostemon cablin. Benth) is a plantation plant that produces essential oils with great potential, known as patchouli oil. The use of in vitro culture techniques on patchouli plants needs to be developed to meet the needs of patchouli seeds. This study aimed to analyze the effect of plant growth regulators (PGRs) cytokinins 6-Benzyl Amino Purine (BAP) and Thidiazuron (TDZ) and auxin 1-Naphthaleneacetic Acid (NAA) on the organogenesis ability of Aceh patchouli leaf explants var. Lhokseumawe. The treatments analyzed were P1 = MS; P2 = BAP 0.75 mg.l−1, P3 = BAP 1.0 mg.l−1, P4 = TDZ 0.75 mg.l−1, P5 = TDZ 1.0 mg.l−1, P6 = NAA 0.5 mg.l−1, P7 = NAA 1.0 mg.l−1, P8 = BAP 0.75 mg.l−1 + NAA 0.5 mg.l−1, P9 = BAP 0.75 mg.l−1 + NAA 1.0 mg.l−1, P10 = BAP 1.0 mg.l−1 + NAA 0.5 mg.l−1, P11 = BAP 1.0 mg.l−1 + NAA 1.0 mg.l−1, P12 = TDZ 0.75 mg.l−1 + NAA 0.5 mg.l−1, P13 = TDZ 0.75 mg.l−1 + NAA 1.0 mg. l−1, P14 = TDZ 1.0 mg.l−1 + NAA 0.5 mg.l−1, P15 = TDZ 1.0 mg.l−1 + NAA 1.0 mg.l-1. The percentage of callus induction observed, percentage of shoot induction, percentage of browning, percentage of contamination and percentage of live explants at 28 DAI. The results showed that the percentage of explants forming callus was 56.4%, and the percentage of explants forming organ was 54.6%. In these two parameters the treatment of P14 and P15 gave the best results of 6.6% respectively. The percentage of explants experiencing browning was 26.1%, treatment P1 gave the highest response for this parameter, namely 6.6%. The parameter percentage of live explants was 71.3%. The best response was found in treatment P2, P3, P12 and P15, which were 6.6% each. The fastest bud formation occurred at 14 Days After Initiation (DAI) in P4 treatment. The resulting shoots look quite vigor and have formed leaves. In the combination treatment P14, showed the best results, the addition of auxin was able to increase the initiation of embryogenic callus.
Application of real-time image processing for monitoring bacterial cellulose growth in various nitrogen sources using soybean-boiled wastewater medium during fermentation
Authors: Astuti E N J , Nugroho D A , Ahmadi T P 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
One of the utilizations of liquid waste of soybean boiling was a combination medium of bacterial cellulose (BC) fermentation. Recent study was found the implementation of image processing approach on observation of BC growth. This work utilized the image processing approach with a soybean-boiled wastewater medium using ammonium sulphate and yeast extract as nitrogen source. This study aimed to find out the highest correlation between variables that affect the fermentation process and to examine the kinetic model of the BC thickness during fermentation stage using Real-Time Image Processing (RTIP) approach with the variation of nitrogen sources. The outcome demonstrates that the correlation between time and thickness was found as the highest correlation variable during fermentation on both mediums. The Gompertz model equation was followed in the kinetic observation of BC growth on both medium and showed that the first growth of BC on ammonium sulphate was earlier than on yeast extract as nitrogen source. Further studies are also needed to understand the ability of image processing approach to detect potential failures in BC growth.
Model of agricultural performance in Aceh
Authors: Safrida  , Ginting L N , Zulkarnain  , Indra  , Mujiburrahmad  , Oktaviana N 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This study aims to develop a model of agricultural performance in Aceh. Multiple regression analysis was used as the research’s analytical approach. The Random Effect model (REM) was selected to estimate the performance of agriculture sector. The research results show that labor absorption in agriculture sector is significantly affected by minimum wages, regional gross domestic product, and investment. Based on the relationship between variables, the minimum wage has a negative relationship, gross regional domestic product and investment relate positively to labor absorption in the agricultural sector. The amount of labor absorption in agriculture sector will have an effect on the sustainability of food safety.
Rain-shelter technology model in sustainable red chili production cluster in Aceh Tengah
Authors: Fajri F , Arida A , Susanti E , Hakim L 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This study aims to design a rain-shelter technology model in the red chili agribusiness cluster as an alternative policy to increase farmers’ income. This study uses the soft system dynamics methodology (SSDM), which is a systemic thinking modeling approach that can understand unstructured situations and contains the entire interaction between elements of an object through causal relationships as the basis for understanding the dynamic behavior of complex system of the object to assess the risks that occur in red chili agribusiness cluster. The research was conducted in the red chili production center in Aceh Tengah Regency. Identification of the need for cluster model done through literature and interviews with experts from stakeholders, namely practitioners and policy makers involved in the procedure of input supply, production, and marketing of red chili output. The primary data obtained through observation, in-depth interviews with respondents, as well as the activity of FGD (Focus Group Discussion), while secondary data obtained through the study of literature from various sources of literature, books, scientific journals, and a variety of publications related to this research. Formulation of model made by software Veneta Simulation (Vensim DSS), followed by simulation. The result of this research showed that the application of the rain-shelter technology model effectively had a positive impact on the quantity and quality of on-grade red chili production, so that it was able to meet industrial market demands and increase farmers’ income.
Analysis of allocative efficiency on grape farming (Vitis vinifera) in Alue Sijuek, Peudada district, Bireuen regency
Authors: Zuhra F , Pratiwi H , Sutoyo S 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the efficiency of grape farming allocation and how the relationship between production costs and income of grape farmers in Alue Sijuek Village, Peudada District, Bireuen Regency from January to June 2022. Responden were carried out by census. The survey was conducted by direct observation and interviews with 36 respondents of grape farmers. The results showed that the income of grape farmers in Alue Sijuek Village, Peudada District, Bireuen Regency was IDR 2.177.765.666,67 in year-1 with an average of IDR 60.493.490,74 in year-1 and allocative efficiency of 36 respondents achieved efficient income for costs of fertilizers, pesticides, depreciation of equipment and labor. The results of the analysis show the correlation coefficient value of 0.935, this indicates that there is a significant relationship between production costs and wine farmers' income. While the coefficient of determination shows a number of 0.875, which means that the production cost consisting of fertilizer, pesticide, labor and equipment depreciation affects farm income by 87.5% and the rest is influenced by other variables.
Study of ethnobotany as herbal plant in Aceh Besar District, Aceh Province
Authors: Fadhilah F , Gagarin Y , Abdullah A , Suhairi L , Hamid Y H 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Plants in Aceh Besar District are used as medicine, food and other consumer goods. Efforts to disseminate knowledge and use of medicinal plants are things that need to be done. One of the jobs that must be done before spreading the use of medicinal plants is by introducing them to the community. The purpose of the study was to determine the species of medicinal plants based on the parts of the plant organs used by the community and to determine the utilization and use of medicinal plants by the people of Aceh Besar district. Exploratory survey data collection methods and Participatory Rural Appraisal methods. Analysis of the data obtained was carried out descriptively with a quantitative approach. The results showed that the most widely used plant parts were the leaves and shoots (20.7%), while the plant organs that were the least utilized by the community were the bark and tubers (5.7%). The people of Aceh Besar District use medicinal plants by boiling, mashing, eating, squeezing, smearing, burning and slicing before serving. The people of Aceh Besar Regency are included in the community group that uses medicinal plants on a family scale.
The Application of Bacillus thuringiensis to Treat Root Knots on Pogostemon cablin Benth
Authors: Chamzurni T , Savira I M , Oktarina H 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Root knots, caused by Meloidogyne spp. is among the plant pathogens that lead to significant yield loss in patchouli plants. Farmers have used synthetic nematicides to control the pathogen for many years. In fact, the chemicals not only harm the environment but also might degrade quality of agriculture products. Therefore, in this study, we examined several dosages of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) to control Meloidogyne spp. on Pogostemon cablin Benth. Three dosages of Bt suspension (30, 40, and 50 ml/plant) were applied to the rhizosphere to observe the incubation period, disease intensity, number of galls, and the population of nematode. The results show that 40 ml/plant of Bt significantly prolongs the incubation time, reduces the disease intensity, and the number of root-knots. None of the dosages tested showed a significant impact on the nematode population. This study showcases the potential of Bt to control Meloidogyne spp. on patchouli plants. More research is required to confirm the efficacy of this approach.