bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Discordance between PAM50 intrinsic subtyping and immunohistochemistry in South African women with breast cancer
Authors: Dix-Peek Thérèse , Phakathi Boitumelo P. , van den Berg Eunice J. , Dickens Caroline , Augustine Tanya N. , Cubasch Herbert , Neugut Alfred I. , Jacobson Judith S. , Joffe Maureen , Ruff Paul , Duarte Raquel A. B. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease with different gene expression profiles, treatment options and outcomes. In South Africa, tumors are classified using immunohistochemistry. In high-income countries multiparameter genomic assays are being utilized with implications for tumor classification and treatment.

Methods
In a cohort of 378 breast cancer patients from the SABCHO study, we investigated the concordance between tumor samples classified by IHC and the PAM50 gene assay.

Results
IHC classified patients as ER-positive (77.5%), PR-positive (70.6%), and HER2-positive (32.3%). These results, together with Ki67, were used as surrogates for intrinsic subtyping, and showed 6.9% IHC-A-clinical, 72.7% IHC-B-clinical, 5.3% IHC-HER2-clinical and 15.1% triple negative cancer (TNC). Typing using the PAM50 gave 19.3% luminal-A, 32.5% luminal-B, 23.5% HER2-enriched and 24.6% basal-like. The basal-like and TNC had the highest concordance, while the luminal-A and IHC-A group had the lowest concordance. By altering the cutoff for Ki67, and realigning the HER2/ER/PR-positive patients to IHC-HER2, we improved concordance with the intrinsic subtypes.

Conclusion
We suggest that the Ki67 be changed to a cutoff of 20–25% in our population to better reflect the luminal subtype classifications. This change would inform treatment options for breast cancer patients in settings where genomic assays are unaffordable.
A limited memory Quasi-Newton approach for multi-objective optimization
Authors: Lapucci Matteo , Mansueto Pierluigi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we deal with the class of unconstrained multi-objective optimization problems. In this setting we introduce, for the first time in the literature, a Limited Memory Quasi-Newton type method, which is well suited especially in large scale scenarios. The proposed algorithm approximates, through a suitable positive definite matrix, the convex combination of the Hessian matrices of the objectives; the update formula for the approximation matrix can be seen as an extension of the one used in the popular L-BFGS method for scalar optimization. Equipped with a Wolfe type line search, the considered method is proved to be well defined even in the nonconvex case. Furthermore, for twice continuously differentiable strongly convex problems, we state global and R-linear convergence to Pareto optimality of the sequence of generated points. The performance of the new algorithm is empirically assessed by a thorough computational comparison with state-of-the-art Newton and Quasi-Newton approaches from the multi-objective optimization literature. The results of the experiments highlight that the proposed approach is generally efficient and effective, outperforming the competitors in most settings. Moreover, the use of the limited memory method results to be beneficial within a global optimization framework for Pareto front approximation.
Software selection in large-scale software engineering: A model and criteria based on interactive rapid reviews
Authors: Bjarnason Elizabeth , Åberg Patrik , Ali Nauman bin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Context
Software selection in large-scale software development continues to be ad hoc and ill-structured. Previous proposals for software component selection tend to be technology-specific and/or do not consider business or ecosystem concerns.

Objective
Our main aim is to develop an industrially relevant technology-agnostic method that can support practitioners in making informed decisions when selecting software components for use in tools or in products based on a holistic perspective of the overall environment.

Method
We used method engineering to iteratively develop a software selection method for Ericsson AB based on a combination of published research and practitioner insights. We used interactive rapid reviews to systematically identify and analyse scientific literature and to support close cooperation and co-design with practitioners from Ericsson. The model has been validated through a focus group and by practical use at the case company.

Results
The model consists of a high-level selection process and a wide range of criteria for assessing and for evaluating software to include in business products and tools.

Conclusions
We have developed an industrially relevant model for component selection through active engagement from a company. Co-designing the model based on previous knowledge demonstrates a viable approach to industry-academia collaboration and provides a practical solution that can support practitioners in making informed decisions based on a holistic analysis of business, organisation and technical factors.
Can Synbone® cylinders and deer femurs reproduce ballistic fracture patterns observed in human long bones?
Authors: Schwab Nathalie , Jordana Xavier , Soler Joan , Garrido Xavier , Brillas Pedro , Savio Andrés , Lavín Santiago , Ortega-Sánchez Marisa , Galtés Ignasi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWhereas gunshot injuries in human craniums have been well studied, reliable data on fracture patterns in ballistic long bone trauma remains scarce. Further information useful for forensic trauma interpretation and reconstruction may be retrieved from experimentally produced gunshot fractures. In order to avoid the use of human specimens for experimental research, it is of great interest to determine whether alternative models can reproduce the ballistic fracture patterns of human long bones. To address this question, we shot seven healthy adult human femurs and humeri each, ten samples each of two different polyurethane cylinders from Synbone®and four femurs from female red deer. The specimens were embedded in ballistic gelatin and perpendicularly shot from a distance of 2 m, using a 9-mm full metal jacket projectile at an impact velocity of 360 m/s. The macroscopical appearance of the detailed fracture pattern considering entry, exit and general cortical traits as well as the bullet’s energy lost upon impact were compared between the models. Despite some general similarities, neither of the two alternative models entirely reproduced the fracture patterns of human long bones. Comparing the two alternative models, the surrogate model revealed more significant differences to the human fracture than the animal model. This leads to the conclusion that the polyurethane material provides a different failure mechanism than real bone, underpinning the challenge in deploying an accurate analog.
Caesium manganese fluoride cubic-perovskite nanoparticles – synthesis, luminescence and magnetic properties
Authors: Fellner Madeleine , Lauria Alessandro 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Lead halide perovskite materials have outstanding optical properties such as color purity and efficient fluorescence in the visible spectrum. However, the toxicity of lead makes the synthesis, processing, use and disposal of such materials hazardous for humans and the environment. Therefore, the exploration of different perovskite materials containing the transition metal Mn(II) and fluoride anions might lead to more appealing alternatives towards more sustainable and environmentally friendly functional materials. Nanocrystals primarily consisting of cubic CsMnF3 – a polymorph so far only reported at pressures of 3 × 104 bar – were synthesized from manganese(II) acetate and caesium fluoride precursors using a heating-up approach in high boiling organic solvents. The concentration of defects could be tuned by changing the amount of fluorinating precursor CsF, with more defects produced when an excess of CsF was used in the synthesis. The structure, morphology, optical and magnetic properties of the product nanoparticles were studied. Due to their X-ray sensitized fluorescence, likely caused by defects in the crystal structure, these materials are promising for potential applications in dosimetry.

Graphical Abstract
CsMnF3 nanocrystals were synthesized by a heating-up method using stoichiometric or excess quantities of the fluoride precursor CsF to control the concentration of defects (CMF and CMF-d). The obtained nanoparticles exhibited X-ray sensitized luminescence, enhanced by a factor of up to 3.75 after irradiation with X-rays for 2 h.
Glass forming ability of Zr-based Zr–Cu–Ni–Al–(Ag) alloys
Authors: Lyubenova L. , Rangelova V. , Spassova M. , Spassov T. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA series of Zr-based glasses has been obtained by rapid melt quenching and their thermal characteristics (Tg, Tx, Tl) were determined by DSC/DTA. Some of the most recognized glass forming ability (GFA) criteria were applied to predict the glass forming ability of the alloys and to study its dependence on the alloy composition. As a result, the best glass forming compositions among the studied alloys could be selected. It was found that as a general trend an increase of the Zr content results in Tx and ΔTx (= Tx − Tg) decrease. The determined liquidus temperatures of chosen compositions with substantially different ΔTx were found to vary relatively little. Therefore, it was concluded that the variation in the GFA of the studied alloys is mainly due to difficulties in the crystallization process, rather than to different stability of the melts.
Comparing students’ and teachers’ perceptions about teachers’ interpersonal behaviour in Greek secondary education
Authors: Karamane Effimia , Vatou Anastasia , Tsigilis Nikolaos , Gregoriadis Athanasios 
Published: March 2023

AbstractΤeachers’ interpersonal behaviour is considered important for the quality of the student–teacher relationship. The present study examined teachers’ and students’ perceptions regarding teachers’ interpersonal behaviour and the degree of their agreement at the class level. Moreover, this study investigated whether possible differences between them are associated with the teachers’ and classes’ characteristics. Participants were 1669 students and 43 secondary teachers within 85 secondary classrooms in Greece. The Greek version of the Questionnaire on Teacher Interaction was used to assess eight aspects of teachers’ interpersonal behaviour. A high degree of divergence between teachers’ self-perceptions and students’ perceptions about their teachers’ interpersonal behaviour was found. Multiple regression analyses showed that the differences among teachers’ and students’ perceptions can partially be explained by teachers’ years of teaching experience and the degree level, as well as the class educational level. Findings of this study provide specific practical implications.
Navier–Stokes equations: a new estimate of a possible gap related to the energy equality of a suitable weak solution
Authors: Maremonti Paolo , Crispo Francesca , Grisanti Carlo Romano 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe paper is concerned with the IBVP of the Navier-Stokes equations. The result of the paper is in the wake of analogous results obtained by the authors in previous articles Crispo et al. (Ricerche Mat 70:235–249, 2021). The goal is to estimate the possible gap between the energy equality and the energy inequality deduced for a weak solution.
A Geo-Data Science Method for Assessing Unconventional Rare-Earth Element Resources in Sedimentary Systems
Authors: Creason C. G. , Justman D. , Rose K. , Montross S. , Bean A. , Mark-Moser M. , Wingo P. , Sabbatino M. , Thomas R. B. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractRare-earth elements (REEs) supply raw materials that constitute many of our modern critical infrastructure, defense, technology, and electrification needs. Despite REE accumulations occurring in conventional bedrock and ion-adsorption deposits sourced from weathering of igneous rocks, unconventional host materials such as coal and related sedimentary strata have been identified as promising sources of REEs to meet growing demand. To maximize the potential of unconventional resources such as REE-coal systems, new approaches are needed overcome challenges from mineral systems with no known deposits and areas with sparse geochemical data. This article presents a systematic knowledge-data resource assessment method for predicting and identifying REE resource potential and occurrence in these unconventional systems. The method utilizes a geologic and geospatial knowledge-data approach informed and guided by REE accumulation mechanisms to systematically assess and identify areas of higher enrichment. An assessment of the Powder River Basin is presented as a test case to demonstrate the method workflow and results. The key output is a potential enrichment score map reported with varying confidence levels based on the amount of supporting evidence. Results from the test case indicate several locations with promising potential for different types of coal-REE deposits, demonstrating the viability of the method for exploration and assessment of unconventional REE resources. The method is flexible by design and, with sufficient applicable knowledge and data, can be adapted for assessing critical mineral systems in other sedimentary systems as well.
Landslide susceptibility mapping using automatically constructed CNN architectures with pre-slide topographic DEM of deep-seated catastrophic landslides caused by Typhoon Talas
Authors: Kikuchi Teruyuki , Sakita Koki , Nishiyama Satoshi , Takahashi Kenichi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThere has been an increasing demand for detailed and accurate landslide maps and inventories in disaster-prone areas of subtropical and temperate zones, particularly in Asia as they can mitigate the impacts of landslides on social infrastructure and economic losses. Hence, in this study, models using automatically constructed high-performing convolutional neural network (CNN) architectures for landslide detection were applied and their outcomes were compared for landslide susceptibility mapping at the Kii peninsula, Japan. First, a total of 38 landslide and 63 non-landslide points were identified and divided into 70% and 30% of training and validation datasets, respectively. Eight landslide influence factors were used: slope angle, eigenvalue ratio, curvature, underground openness, overground openness, topographic witness index, wavelet, and elevation. These factors were selected using a 1-m DEM, which is easy to acquire and process data. Experimental results of model evaluation using receiver operating characteristics (ROC), area under the curve (AUC), and accuracy showed that the optimal models (ROC = 96.0%, accuracy = 88.7%) were more accurate than initial models (ROC = 91.1%, accuracy = 80.7%) in predicting landslides spatially. Furthermore, the landslide susceptibility mapping is consistent with the trends in the distribution of gentle slopes and knick lines unique to the study area and can be used as a powerful method for predicting landslides in future.
The lipoxygenase OsLOX10 affects seed longevity and resistance to saline-alkaline stress during rice seedlings
Authors: Wang Fuxiang , Xu Huibin , Zhang Ling , Shi Yunrui , Song Yu , Wang Xinyue , Cai Qiuhua , He Wei , Xie Huaan , Zhang Jianfu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractProlonged storage of rice seeds can lead to a decrease in seed vigor and seedling quality. The Lipoxygenase (LOX) gene family is widely distributed in plants, and LOX activity is closely related to seed viability and stress tolerance. In this study, the lipoxygenase OsLOX10 gene from the 9-lipoxygenase metabolic pathway was cloned from rice, and its roles in determining seed longevity and tolerance to saline-alkaline stress caused by Na2CO3 in rice seedlings were mainly investigated. CRISPR/Cas9 knockout of OsLOX10 increased seed longevity compared with the wild-type and OsLOX10 overexpression lines in response to artificial aging. The expression levels of other 9-lipoxygenase metabolic pathway related genes, such as LOX1, LOX2 and LOX3, were increased in the LOX10 overexpression lines. Quantitative real-time PCR and histochemical staining analysis showed that the expression of LOX10 was highest in seed hulls, anthers and the early germinating seeds. KI-I2 staining of starch showed that LOX10 could catalyze the degradation of linoleic acid. Furthermore, we found that the transgenic lines overexpressing LOX10 showed better tolerance to saline-alkaline stress than the wild-type and knockout mutant lines. Overall, our study demonstrated that the knockout LOX10 mutant increased seed longevity, whereas overexpression of LOX10 enhanced tolerance to saline-alkaline stress in rice seedlings.
Using root economics traits to predict biotic plant soil-feedbacks
Authors: Rutten Gemma , Allan Eric 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPlant-soil feedbacks have been recognised as playing a key role in a range of ecological processes, including succession, invasion, species coexistence and population dynamics. However, there is substantial variation between species in the strength of plant-soil feedbacks and predicting this variation remains challenging. Here, we propose an original concept to predict the outcome of plant-soil feedbacks. We hypothesize that plants with different combinations of root traits culture different proportions of pathogens and mutualists in their soils and that this contributes to differences in performance between home soils (cultured by conspecifics) versus away soils (cultured by heterospecifics). We use the recently described root economics space, which identifies two gradients in root traits. A conservation gradient distinguishes fast vs. slow species, and from growth defence theory we predict that these species culture different amounts of pathogens in their soils. A collaboration gradient distinguishes species that associate with mycorrhizae to outsource soil nutrient acquisition vs. those which use a “do it yourself” strategy and capture nutrients without relying strongly on mycorrhizae. We provide a framework, which predicts that the strength and direction of the biotic feedback between a pair of species is determined by the dissimilarity between them along each axis of the root economics space. We then use data from two case studies to show how to apply the framework, by analysing the response of plant-soil feedbacks to measures of distance and position along each axis and find some support for our predictions. Finally, we highlight further areas where our framework could be developed and propose study designs that would help to fill current research gaps.
Unemployment benefits, entrepreneurship policies, and new business creation
Authors: Bilan Irina , Apostoaie Constantin-Marius 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBesides their common link with unemployment, unemployment benefits are also relevant to the decision to become an entrepreneur. We thoroughly explored this relationship for a panel of 23 EU countries over the period 2001–2019. Our results demonstrate that generous unemployment compensations hinder entrepreneurial initiative, and those opportunity entrepreneurs, who are more likely to create new jobs and innovation, are affected more. Contrary to common belief, we find an unequal pattern of effects, with higher benefits being more detrimental at the beginning of the unemployment spell. A favourable policy framework results in being relevant for entrepreneurial endeavours on its own; in addition, high-quality policies and programmes for entrepreneurs are found to temper the negative effects of large unemployment benefits on new business creation during long unemployment spells. Our results support the call for properly designed unemployment benefit systems (as both level and time pattern) that ensure an optimum balance between adequate income replacement and poverty prevention, on the one hand, and limited side effects on new venture creation, on the other hand.
Language Used at Home and Educational–Occupational Mismatch of Migrants by Gender
Authors: Birgier Debora Pricila , Bar-Haim Eyal 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe ability of migrants to use the host country's language is crucial to their integration. Nonetheless, the association between migrant literacy and their labor market outcome is less explored compared to the association between their educational attainment and their economic integration. Moreover, this ability has another vital role in immigrant assimilation, serving as an indicator of cultural capital. The current study, therefore, examines the extent to which language as cultural capital shapes gender differences in migrant economic integration, as measured by educational–occupational mismatch (EOM). Using the PIAAC 2018 dataset, we employ a series of nested fixed-effect linear models in which our dependent variable is years of over-education and study the effect of language use at home, controlling for linguistic competence in the host country language. We find that once controlling for educational level, migrant men who use a different language than the host country's language at home are not more prone to EOM. However, migrant women, who are at higher risk of EOM, suffer even more when using a foreign language at home. We suggest that using a foreign language at home for women might indicate low host-country-specific cultural capital, which could directly affect migrant women’s integration into the labor market.
Multi-index antithetic stochastic gradient algorithm
Authors: Majka Mateusz B. , Sabate-Vidales Marc , Szpruch Łukasz 
Published: March 2023

AbstractStochastic Gradient Algorithms (SGAs) are ubiquitous in computational statistics, machine learning and optimisation. Recent years have brought an influx of interest in SGAs, and the non-asymptotic analysis of their bias is by now well-developed. However, relatively little is known about the optimal choice of the random approximation (e.g mini-batching) of the gradient in SGAs as this relies on the analysis of the variance and is problem specific. While there have been numerous attempts to reduce the variance of SGAs, these typically exploit a particular structure of the sampled distribution by requiring a priori knowledge of its density’s mode. In this paper, we construct a Multi-index Antithetic Stochastic Gradient Algorithm (MASGA) whose implementation is independent of the structure of the target measure. Our rigorous theoretical analysis demonstrates that for log-concave targets, MASGA achieves performance on par with Monte Carlo estimators that have access to unbiased samples from the distribution of interest. In other words, MASGA is an optimal estimator from the mean square error-computational cost perspective within the class of Monte Carlo estimators. To illustrate the robustness of our approach, we implement MASGA also in some simple non-log-concave numerical examples, however, without providing theoretical guarantees on our algorithm’s performance in such settings.
Quasi-Conventions
Authors: Skyrms Brian 
Published: March 2023

AbstractI consider a generalizarion of Vanderschraaf's correlated conventions to Quasi-Conventions, using the concept of coarse correlated equilibria. I discuss the possibility of improved payoffs and the question of learnability by simple uncoupled learning dynamics. Laboratory experiments are surveyed. The generalization introduces strains of commitment, which can be see from different points of view. I conclude that the strains of commitment preclude using the generalization as a stand-alone definition of convention, but that in certain settings Quasi-Conventions can be important modules within larger true conventions.