bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tofacitinib versus methotrexate as the first‐line disease‐modifying antirheumatic drugs in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis: An open‐label randomized controlled trial
Authors: Khan Mohammad Mamun , Ahmed Shamim , Hasan Sajib Md Kamrul , Morshed Abdullah All , Mahbub‐Uz‐Zaman Khandker , Haq Syed Atiqul 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo compare tofacitinib and methotrexate (MTX) as first‐line disease‐modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) for rheumatoid arthritis (RA).MethodsThis open‐label, randomized controlled, parallel‐group, 3‐month trial randomly assigned 100 RA patients to tofacitinib 10 mg daily (49 patients) or MTX 25 mg subcutaneously weekly (51 patients). The primary end point was low disease activity (LDA) measured with Disease Activity Score‐28 with C‐reactive protein (DAS28‐CRP), and the secondary end point was LDA and remission measured by DAS28‐erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI), and Simplified Disease Activity Index (SDAI). Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index (HAQ‐DI) response and mean reduction of core set of outcomes from baseline at 12 weeks were also analyzed as secondary end points. In addition, acute‐phase reactants and composite measurements among groups were examined.ResultsLDA in DAS28‐CRP was achieved in 17 (34.7%) tofacitinib patients and 18 (35.3%) MTX patients (p = .95). Fourteen (28.6%) and 11 (21.6%) tofacitinib and MTX patients, respectively, achieved LDA by DAS28‐ESR (p = .42). Tofacitinib and MTX groups achieved LDA similarly in CDAI (36.7% against 37.3%; p = .96) and SDAI (38.8% vs. 39.2%; p = .96). There was no significant difference in achieving remission between the groups. At 12 weeks, tofacitinib reduced ESR and CRP (p < .05). Composite measures and functional status decreased within groups but not between groups (p > .05). Five (13.51%) tofacitinib patients developed hypertension. MTX caused gastrointestinal problems in 12 (30%) individuals. Two MTX (5%) and two tofacitinib (5.4%) patients had increased liver enzymes and renal impairment, respectively. Tofacitinib had 5.4% infection compared with 5% for MTX.ConclusionsAs tofacitinib may be more effective than MTX according to previous reports such as the ORAL Start study, high‐dose MTX (25 mg/week, subcutaneously) used in this study may be as efficacious as tofacitinib in patients with established RA who were DMARD naive or had not received a therapeutic dose of DMARDs. However, adverse effects differed between groups.Registered on: ClinicalTrials.gov; ID: NCT04464642.
Modifiable risk factors of cognitive frailty in community‐dwelling older adults: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Yuan Chen , Zhang Yixiong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPurposeTo perform a meta‐analysis identifying the modifiable risk factors of cognitive frailty in the elderly.MethodsWe systematically searched databases including PubMed, EMBASE, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Science and Technology Journal Database, Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform from January 01, 2017 to March 26, 2022. Quantitative, original research reporting associated factors were included.Findings7,854 records in total were identified, of which 14 articles (1 prospective, 13 cross‐sectional) with 36 factors were included. Studies on cognitive frailty included 20,390 community‐dwellers (≥60 years) from three countries. Meta‐analysis indicated that depression [OR = 3.60, 95%CI (2.25,5.78), p < 0.01] and sleep problems [OR = 2.36, 95%CI (1.62,3.43), p < 0.01] were associated with cognitive frailty.ConclusionsEffective interventions targeting depression and sleep problems may lower the risk of cognitive frailty in the community seniors but need further study in high‐quality, prospective studies.Implications for Nursing PracticeBuilding on previous work, the objectives of this systematic review and meta‐analysis were to explore potential modifiable risk factors for cognitive frailty in community‐dwelling older adults, which is expected to throw light on the prevention of cognitive frailty.
More on the relationship between interdisciplinary accounting research and citation impact
Authors: Xu Lina , Dellaportas Steven , Yang Zhiqiang , Wang Jin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractUsing multiple indicators of interdisciplinarity (variety, balance, and disparity), this study examines 1613 references cited in articles published between 1976 and 2018 in six highly regarded accounting research journals (Accounting, Auditing and Accountability Journal (AAAJ), Accounting, Organisations and Society (AOS), Management Accounting Research (MAR), Journal of Accounting and Economics (JAE), Journal of Accounting Research (JAR), and The Accounting Review (TAR)). The findings are threefold: the interdisciplinarity of cited references is low compared with the reported findings in the non‐accounting disciplines; there is no discernible change in the level of diversity during the sample period; and the level of citations is negatively related with the dimensions of diversity.
Capturing uncatalogued distribution records to improve conservation assessments of data‐deficient species: a case study using the glossy grass skink
Authors: Farquhar J. E. , Carlesso A. , Pili A. , Gale N. , Chapple D. G. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractEffective conservation planning is often predicated on detailed and current information about a species' geographical distribution. However, traditional sources of occurrence data (e.g., online biodiversity databases) may be insufficient for estimating the range of rare, poorly understood species that are readily misidentified. Here, we demonstrate a more holistic approach to this problem, using the poorly known glossy grass skink (Pseudemoia rawlinsoni) as a case study. We first compared the relative contribution made (to our geographical knowledge of the species) by online database records, with that of photo‐substantiated records obtained via personal communication (PC). We used ecological niche modelling (ENM) to predict the species' distribution, then performed field surveys at both historical and predicted suitable sites to further clarify its occurrence. 20% of all known records came from the PC method, which resulted in 35 new sites and increased the species' area of occupancy (AOO) by 176 km2. Most records obtained via PC came from the past decade, demonstrating that this method is more effective at elucidating the current distribution. ENM revealed that P. rawlinsoni has a disjunct range, and is mostly a low‐elevation coastal species, with the exception of suitable habitat in parts of the high‐elevation Australian Alps bioregion. The species' AOO has likely declined over recent decades owing to anthropogenic disturbance, given that 38% of the species' predicted range is now cleared agricultural land, and our field surveys failed to detect the species at 52% of historical record sites. Together, these findings provide a robust foundation of geographical knowledge on which to develop strategic conservation actions for the species.
Diversity and assembly composition of arboreal ants in a west African humid forest‐savannah mosaic
Authors: Yode Dakélé Christine , Kouakou Lombart Maurice M. , Dosso Kanvaly , Dekoninck Wouter , Yeo Kolo , Konate Souleymane , Kouassi Philippe Kouassi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn the tropical forest‐savannah mosaic of Lamto Reserve in Ivory Coast ants play an important role in the biodiversity conservation. This work aimed to explore the structure and composition of the arboreal ant assemblages in a forest‐savannah mosaic located in central Côte d'Ivoire. Ants were collected by baited trap (Protein bait: tuna and sugar bait: sweet milk) and beating of low vegetation. During the entire sampling campaign, 59 ant species belonging to 18 genera and five subfamilies (Formicinae, Ponerinae, Myrmicinae, Dolichoderinae and Pseudomyrmecinae) were recorded. The mean ant species richness of shrub savannah (SS) was significantly lower than of both forest island (FI) and forest gallery. Likewise, a significant difference was observed for species composition when comparing the arboreal ant communities of SS, gallery forest and FI.
The Real Possibility of Physical Killing: A Feminist Critique of Carl Schmitt
Authors: Marasco Robyn 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis article offers a feminist critique of Carl Schmitt, with a particular focus on Political Theology and The Concept of the Political. It addresses a pathos of masculinity that pervades Schmitt's rhetoric and helps to explain the hold that his ideas have on so many thinkers across the political spectrum. It argues as well for the surprising insights that feminists can draw from Schmitt's abstract political concepts. In decentering the infamous friend—enemy distinction and developing instead the existentialist claim about “the real possibility of physical killing,” we can see Schmitt's pathos more clearly, but we can also theorize the political in ways that Schmitt could not. Schmittian existentialism permits us to see the family as a primary political institution, sex and gender as forms of political power, and femicide as a real political problem. This article concludes with a discussion of Andrea Dworkin, in some ways more Schmittian than Schmitt himself, who pursues this principle of political existentialism—“the real possibility of physical killing”—in a radically feminist direction.
Why Compete for Firms? Electoral Effects of Corporate Headquarters Relocation
Authors: Yang Joonseok 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWhy do local and state governments in the United States compete to attract and retain corporations in their jurisdictions even by offering generous incentives, which can jeopardize public spending on other needs? This research shows that the answer can lie in the electoral effects of headquarters (HQ) relocation. Using an original data set of interstate HQ relocation cases covered in the news media from 1995 to 2015, this research finds that interstate business location decisions affect gubernatorial election outcomes. However, empirical analyses provide evidence that voters use different attribution processes when considering HQ relocation‐in versus relocation‐out cases: HQ relocation‐out results in greater support for Republican candidates, whereas HQ relocation‐in increases support for the incumbent party. Supplementary analyses suggest that the perceptual effects and symbolic value of HQ relocation, rather than its immediate local economic effects, drive electoral outcomes. The findings have implications for electoral accountability and the political economy of business–government relationships.
The prescribing of cardioprotective medications and the impact on survival for patients with peripheral artery disease that undergo intervention
Authors: Hart Odette , Xue Nicole , Khashram Manar 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundCardiovascular disease guidelines recommend that patients with established peripheral artery disease (PAD) are prescribed antihypertensive, lipid‐lowering, and antiplatelet medication to reduce cardiovascular ischaemic events. However, the prescribing of these medications for patients with PAD within New Zealand (NZ) remains undefined.MethodsThis was a retrospective observational cohort study of patients in the Midland region of NZ, that underwent PAD‐related percutaneous and surgical intervention between 1st January 2010 and 31st December 2021. Patient level data was collected. The primary outcome was prescribing of cardioprotective medications either before or within 1 year of incident procedure. Secondary outcome was overall survival.ResultsThere were 2547 patients included. Antihypertensive prescription occurred in 80.7%, lipid‐lowering in 77.4% and antithrombotic in 89.9%. Concomitant ischaemic heart disease increased prescription of cardioprotective medications. Women were prescribed less lipid‐lowering medication compared to men. Māori men were prescribed less antiplatelet medication compared to non‐Māori men. On univariate analysis lipid‐lowering and antiplatelet medication showed survival advantage, while antihypertensive and anticoagulation did not. After adjustment for age, sex, end stage renal failure and presence of chronic limb‐threatening ischaemia, best medical therapy was associated with better survival (HR 0.88, 95% CI 0.79–0.98, P = 0.02).ConclusionThis study highlights areas of deficiency in prescribing of cardioprotective medication in this high‐risk group. These could be targets for national quality improvement initiatives.
An empirical evaluation of the estimation of inbreeding depression from molecular markers under suboptimal conditions
Authors: Pérez‐Pereira Noelia , Quesada Humberto , Caballero Armando 
Published: June 2023

AbstractInbreeding depression (ID), the reduction in fitness due to inbreeding, is typically measured by the regression of the phenotypic values of individuals for a particular trait on their corresponding inbreeding coefficients (F). While genealogical records can provide these coefficients, they may be unavailable or incomplete, making molecular markers a useful alternative. The power to detect ID and its accuracy depend on the variation of F values of individuals, the sample sizes available, and the accuracy in the estimation of individual fitness traits and F values. In this study, we used Drosophila melanogaster to evaluate the effectiveness of molecular markers in estimating ID under suboptimal conditions. We generated two sets of 100 pairs of unrelated individuals from a large panmictic population and mated them for two generations to produce non‐inbred and unrelated individuals (F = 0) and inbred individuals (full‐sib progeny; F = 0.25). Using these expected genealogical F values, we calculated inbreeding depression for two fitness‐related traits, pupae productivity and competitive fitness. We then sequenced the males from 17 non‐inbred pairs and 17 inbred pairs to obtain their genomic inbreeding coefficients and estimate ID for the two traits. The scenario assumed was rather restrictive in terms of estimation of ID because: (1) the individuals belonged to the same generation of a large panmictic population, leading to low variation in individual F coefficients; (2) the sample sizes were small; and (3) the traits measured depended on both males and females while only males were sequenced. Despite the challenging conditions of our study, we found that molecular markers provided estimates of ID that were comparable to those obtained from simple pedigree estimations with larger sample sizes. The results therefore suggest that genomic measures of inbreeding are useful to provide estimates of inbreeding depression even under very challenging scenarios.
Functional preservation benefits of minimal surgery for extramammary Paget's disease
Authors: Okumura Mao , Ogata Dai , Namikawa Kenjiro , Takahashi Akira , Akiyama Masashi , Yamazaki Naoya 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAs extramammary Paget's disease (EMPD) sometimes invades and metastasizes from the skin to the mucosa, radical surgical resection of these lesions is often difficult. The purpose of this study was to analyse the association between surgical margins and survival as well as the benefit of functional preservation over complete resection, in patients with EMPD. We retrospectively analysed 230 patients diagnosed with EMPD between 1969 and 2020. Patient and treatment characteristics were recorded. Since our centre is a specialized hospital and almost all patients were referred from other hospitals, we reviewed their referral letters. Prognostic factors and survival time were also analysed. Among 230 patients, 78 (33.9%) had positive margins. The presence of margin positive lesions increased the local recurrence rate but was not significantly correlated with survival. Of all the patients who had received a thorough explanation about the surgical procedure in the referring hospital, 43.8% were scheduled for surgeries that would result in functional impairment, and all of them had function‐preserving surgeries at our hospital with a 10‐year survival rate of 100%. Our result suggest that less invasive surgery preserves anogenital and urethral function may be an acceptable option for EMPD treatment.
Environmental filtering and environmental stress shape regional patterns of riparian community assembly and functional diversity
Authors: Portela Ana Paula , Durance Isabelle , Vieira Cristiana , Honrado João 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Riparian plant communities are key to ecosystem functioning and important providers of ecosystem services on which wildlife and people depend. Ecosystem functioning and stability depend on functional diversity and redundancy. Therefore, understanding which and how different drivers shape community assembly processes and functional patterns is crucial. However, there is limited knowledge of these processes at larger scales for the entire riparian vascular plant community.

Two community assembly processes dominate: environmental filtering, where species living in similar environments have similar traits leading to trait convergence; and limiting similarity, where similar traits cause species to compete more strongly leading to trait divergence. We assessed functional diversity patterns of riparian vascular plant communities across an Atlantic–Mediterranean biogeographical gradient in north Portugal.

We used functional diversity indices and null models to detect community assembly processes and whether these processes change along environmental gradients. We hypothesised that environmental filtering associated with precipitation and aridity would be the prevailing assembly process at a regional scale. We also expected a shift from environmental filtering to limiting similarity as precipitation‐related stress declined.

As hypothesised, patterns of functional diversity were consistent with environmental filtering of species occurrences at the regional scale. Functional patterns were also consistent with a shift between environmental filtering and limiting similarity as cold and aridity stress declined. Under stressful environmental conditions, communities showed lower functional divergence and richness than expected by chance. Environmental filtering was more strongly associated with minimum temperatures than precipitation and aridity.

Underlining the need for hierarchical approaches and the analysis of multiple climatic stressors, our results highlighted the relevance of large‐scale environmental stress gradients and the potential role of community assembly in influencing riparian functional diversity. Alterations in stress filters due to climate change will affect assembly processes and functional patterns, probably affecting ecosystem functioning and stability.
Quantifying reliability and data deficiency in global vertebrate population trends using the Living Planet Index
Authors: Dove Shawn , Böhm Monika , Freeman Robin , McRae Louise , Murrell David J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractGlobal biodiversity is facing a crisis, which must be solved through effective policies and on‐the‐ground conservation. But governments, NGOs, and scientists need reliable indicators to guide research, conservation actions, and policy decisions. Developing reliable indicators is challenging because the data underlying those tools is incomplete and biased. For example, the Living Planet Index tracks the changing status of global vertebrate biodiversity, but taxonomic, geographic and temporal gaps and biases are present in the aggregated data used to calculate trends. However, without a basis for real‐world comparison, there is no way to directly assess an indicator's accuracy or reliability. Instead, a modelling approach can be used. We developed a model of trend reliability, using simulated datasets as stand‐ins for the “real world”, degraded samples as stand‐ins for indicator datasets (e.g., the Living Planet Database), and a distance measure to quantify reliability by comparing partially sampled to fully sampled trends. The model revealed that the proportion of species represented in the database is not always indicative of trend reliability. Important factors are the number and length of time series, as well as their mean growth rates and variance in their growth rates, both within and between time series. We found that many trends in the Living Planet Index need more data to be considered reliable, particularly trends across the global south. In general, bird trends are the most reliable, while reptile and amphibian trends are most in need of additional data. We simulated three different solutions for reducing data deficiency, and found that collating existing data (where available) is the most efficient way to improve trend reliability, whereas revisiting previously studied populations is a quick and efficient way to improve trend reliability until new long‐term studies can be completed and made available.
Min‐Trap® Samplers to Passively Monitor In‐Situ Iron Sulfide Mineral Formation for Chlorinated Solvent Treatment
Authors: Divine Craig , Justicia‐León Shandra , Tilton Jennifer Martin , Liles David , Carter Erika , Zardouzian Erik , Clark Katherine , Taggart Dora , Freedman David , LaRaia Scott , Perrell Francesca , Gerber Kathleen 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe objective of this work was to field‐demonstrate the Min‐Trap® sampler technology, a new in‐situ passive monitoring tool that offers distinct advantages for collecting mineralogical data. The Min‐Trap consists of a solid porous medium (e.g., silica sand) contained within a water‐permeable mesh and support housing that is deployed inside a monitoring well. The porous medium serves as a solid substrate upon which target minerals passively form. Analysis of the sample medium using chemical, microscopic, spectroscopic, or other techniques can provide direct evidence of geochemical conditions and the formation of target minerals in‐situ. The abiotic degradation of chlorinated volatile organic compounds via the reducing power stored in reactive minerals (e.g., iron sulfides) is a recognized important process, and Min‐Traps are well suited to document the formation of these minerals during remediation. Min‐Traps were tested in multiple wells at two field sites undergoing active remediation where reactive iron sulfide minerals were expected to be actively forming. Min‐Trap samples were analyzed by a variety of analytical techniques, including total iron, acid volatile sulfide (AVS), chromium extractable sulfide (CrES; also known as chromium reducible sulfur; CRS), weak acid soluble (WAS) iron, strong acid soluble (SAS) iron, and scanning electron microscopy–energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (SEM‐EDS). The results provided direct verification of iron sulfide minerals in all cases (n = 9) where they were expected or interpreted to be possibly present based on groundwater data. Min‐Traps offer the potential for lifecycle cost savings because they do not require the collection of soil core samples, they can aid in better remedy implementation and performance, and they can potentially support earlier transition from active to passive remedy phases.