bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantification of motion during microvascular anastomosis simulation using machine learning hand detection
Authors: Gonzalez-Romo Nicolas I. , Hanalioglu Sahin , Mignucci-Jiménez Giancarlo , Koskay Grant , Abramov Irakliy , Xu Yuan , Park Wonhyoung , Lawton Michael T. , Preul Mark C. 
Published: June 2023

OBJECTIVE
Microanastomosis is one of the most technically demanding and important microsurgical skills for a neurosurgeon. A hand motion detector based on machine learning tracking technology was developed and implemented for performance assessment during microvascular anastomosis simulation.

METHODS
A microanastomosis motion detector was developed using a machine learning model capable of tracking 21 hand landmarks without physical sensors attached to a surgeon’s hands. Anastomosis procedures were simulated using synthetic vessels, and hand motion was recorded with a microscope and external camera. Time series analysis was performed to quantify the economy, amplitude, and flow of motion using data science algorithms. Six operators with various levels of technical expertise (2 experts, 2 intermediates, and 2 novices) were compared.

RESULTS
The detector recorded a mean (SD) of 27.6 (1.8) measurements per landmark per second with a 10% mean loss of tracking for both hands. During 600 seconds of simulation, the 4 nonexperts performed 26 bites in total, with a combined excess of motion of 14.3 (15.5) seconds per bite, whereas the 2 experts performed 33 bites (18 and 15 bites) with a mean (SD) combined excess of motion of 2.8 (2.3) seconds per bite for the dominant hand. In 180 seconds, the experts performed 13 bites, with mean (SD) latencies of 22.2 (4.4) and 23.4 (10.1) seconds, whereas the 2 intermediate operators performed a total of 9 bites with mean (SD) latencies of 31.5 (7.1) and 34.4 (22.1) seconds per bite.

CONCLUSIONS
A hand motion detector based on machine learning technology allows the identification of gross and fine movements performed during microanastomosis. Economy, amplitude, and flow of motion were measured using time series data analysis. Technical expertise could be inferred from such quantitative performance analysis.
Machine learning predictive models in neurosurgery: an appraisal based on the TRIPOD guidelines. Systematic review
Authors: Warman Anmol , Kalluri Anita L. , Azad Tej D. 
Published: June 2023

OBJECTIVE
In recent years, machine learning models for clinical prediction have become increasingly prevalent in the neurosurgical literature. However, little is known about the quality of these models, and their translation to clinical care has been limited. The aim of this systematic review was to empirically determine the adherence of machine learning models in neurosurgery with standard reporting guidelines specific to clinical prediction models.

METHODS
Studies describing the development or validation of machine learning predictive models published between January 1, 2020, and January 10, 2023, across five neurosurgery journals (Journal of Neurosurgery, Journal of Neurosurgery: Spine, Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics, Neurosurgery, and World Neurosurgery) were included. Studies where the TRIPOD (Transparent Reporting of a Multivariable Prediction Model for Individual Prognosis or Diagnosis) guidelines were not applicable, radiomic studies, and natural language processing studies were excluded.

RESULTS
Forty-seven studies featuring a machine learning–based predictive model in neurosurgery were included. The majority (53%) of studies were single-center studies, and only 15% of studies externally validated the model in an independent cohort of patients. The median compliance across all 47 studies was 82.1% (IQR 75.9%–85.7%). Giving details of treatment (n = 17 [36%]), including the number of patients with missing data (n = 11 [23%]), and explaining the use of the prediction model (n = 23 [49%]) were identified as the TRIPOD criteria with the lowest rates of compliance.

CONCLUSIONS
Improved adherence to TRIPOD guidelines will increase transparency in neurosurgical machine learning predictive models and streamline their translation into clinical care.
MRI-based detection of cervical ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament using a novel automated machine learning diagnostic tool
Authors: Shemesh Shachar , Kimchi Gil , Yaniv Gal , Harel Ran 
Published: June 2023

OBJECTIVE
Currently, CT is considered the gold standard for the diagnosis of ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL). The objective of this study was to develop artificial intelligence (AI) software and a validated model for the identification and representation of cervical OPLL (C-OPLL) on MRI, obviating the need for spine CT.

METHODS
A retrospective evaluation was performed of consecutive imaging studies of all adult patients who underwent both cervical CT and MRI for any clinical indication within a span of 36 months (between January 2017 and July 2020) in a single tertiary-care referral hospital. C-OPLL was identified by a panel of neurosurgeons and a neuroradiologist. MATLAB software was then used to create an AI tool for the diagnosis of C-OPLL by using a convolutional neural network method to identify features on MR images. A reader study was performed to compare the performance of the AI model to that of the diagnostic panel using standard test performance metrics. Interobserver variability was assessed using Cohen’s kappa score.

RESULTS
Nine hundred consecutive patients were found to be eligible for radiological evaluation, yielding 65 identified C-OPLL carriers. The AI model, utilizing MR images, was able to accurately segment the vertebral bodies, PLL, and discoligamentous complex, and detect C-OPLL carriers. The AI model identified 5 additional C-OPLL patients who were not initially detected. The performance of the MRI-based AI model resulted in a sensitivity of 85%, specificity of 98%, negative predictive value of 98%, and positive predictive value of 85%. The overall accuracy of the model was 98%, with a kappa score of 0.917.

CONCLUSIONS
The novel AI software developed in this study was highly specific for identifying C-OPLL on MRI, without the use of CT. This model may obviate the need for CT scans while maintaining adequate diagnostic accuracy. With further development, this MRI-based AI model has the potential to aid in the diagnosis of various spinal disorders and its automated layers may lay the foundation for MRI-specific diagnostic criteria for C-OPLL.
Formy milczącego załatwiania spraw w procedurze administracyjnej
Authors: Kubas Ewa 
Published: June 2023

W artykule odniesiono się do milczącego załatwienia sprawy administracyjnej jako jednego ze sposobów zakończenia postępowania administracyjnego wprowadzonego do ustawy z dnia 14 czerwca 1960 r. Kodeks postępowania administracyjnego na mocy nowelizacji z 2017 r. Jest to instytucja, która ma na celu przyspieszenie i usprawnienie procedury administracyjnej. Ma również zapobiegać bezczynności organu administracji. Sprawa załatwiana milcząco stanowi alternatywę dla tradycyjnego modelu zakończenia postępowania w formie decyzji i może przybrać formę milczącego zakończenia postępowania lub milczącej zgody. W artykule wykazano, że nie w każdym postępowaniu instytucja ta znajduje zastosowanie. Podstawą do milczącego załatwienia sprawy jest konkretny przepis prawa materialnego, który przyznaje organowi kompetencję do działania w ten sposób, natomiast przepisy zawarte w ustawie procesowej stanowią lex generali w stosunku do rozwiązań zawartych w przepisach ustaw materialnych.
Examining the Burden of Disease and its Relationship to Socioeconomic Status From Environmental Noise Exposure in Toronto and London, Ontario
Authors: Manifold Kellie 
Published: June 2023

<p>Exposure to environmental noise pollution is considered an important public health issue in our world today. Environmental noise is sound that is generated by humans through things such as transportation networks and construction sites. Research has shown that exposure to noise can result in a variety of adverse health effects, such as annoyance, sleep disturbance, and ischemic heart disease. Furthermore, research has found that exposure to higher levels of noise is consistently associated with people who are of lower socioeconomic status. This study aims to determine the burden of disease rates in Toronto and London, Ontario, while also addressing the relationship between noise exposure and socioeconomic status. Based on a review of literature and building on existing work, burden of disease calculations were carried out to determine the amount of Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) lost in each city, while a linear regression model was used to determine the relationship between exposure to noise and socioeconomic status. Burden of disease calculations demonstrated that 1188 and 1662 DALYs were lost in Toronto and London, respectively. In addition, this analysis of exposure to noise and socioeconomic status resulted in a moderate correlation of exposure to noise and low socioeconomic status. Indicating that as noise levels increase the socioeconomic status of an individual decreases. These results combined indicate that there is a double burden of poorer health and low socioeconomic status related to exposure to environmental noise pollution. </p>
Association of Vitamin-D Receptor Gene Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (FokI) with COPD
Authors: Akter Khalada , Riad Md Riadul Zannat , Ali Taskina , Rosy Sharkia Khanom , Banu Laila Anjuman 
Published: June 2023

Background: Vitamin D receptor gene (VDR) polymorphism and its association with various diseases have been previously investigated. But the association of vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism with COPD has not been investigated yet.
Objective: To assess the association between vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism (FokI) and COPD.
Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out in the Department of Physiology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka from March 2019 to February 2020. For this study, 15 (fifteen) pulmonologists diagnosed COPD patients with age 40 to 80 years (post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC<0.70 and FEV1<80% predicted) and 15 (fifteen) apparently healthy age-matched individuals (for comparison), were selected. The single nucleotide polymorphism of vitamin D receptor gene (FokI) of all subjects was assessed by PCR-RFLPs. Data were expressed as mean ± SD and percentage. Statistical analysis was done by independent sample ‘t’ test and chi-square test. In the interpretation of the results, ≤0.05 level of probability (p) was accepted as significant.
Results: The frequency distribution of FokI genotype was 13.33% (FF), 73.34% (Ff), 13.33% (ff) and 13.33% (FF), 80% (Ff), 6.66% (ff) COPD patients and healthy subjects, respectively. Associations of FokI [FF (OR 1,95% CI 0.12-8.21, p=1.00); Ff (OR 0.68,95% CI 0.12-3.78, p=0.66); ff (OR 2.15,95% CI 0.17-26.67, p=0.54)] VDRSNP with COPD was statistically non-significant. Conclusion: The present study reveals that the FokI of VDR SNP is not associated with COPD.
Central Medical College Journal Vol 6 No 1 January 2022 Page: 14-21
Assessment of Maximum Voluntary Ventilation (MVV) in Female Hypothyroids and Its Relationships with Serum TSH and FT4 Levels
Authors: Akter Pervin , Ahmed Moshiuddin , Akter Jahanara , Khanom Afruza 
Published: June 2023

Background: Hypothyroidism is a common hormonal disorder affecting various organs including lungs and pulmonary dysfunction in hypothyroid patients has been noted.
Objective: To observe maximum voluntary ventilation (MVV) in hypothyroid female patients.
Materials and method: This cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Physiology, BSMMU, Dhaka, Bangladesh, from 1st July 2008 to 30th June 2009 on 60 hypothyroid female patients of 30-50 years old. Based on treatment, hypothyroid patients were divided into B1 (untreated patients on their 1st day of diagnosis) and B2 (patients treated for at least 12-18 months). For comparison, 30 age and BMI matched apparently healthy subjects (Group A) were also studied. The study group was selected from the Out Patient Department of Endocrinology, BSMMU, Dhaka, Bangladesh, and the control group was selected by personal contact. Serum TSH and serum FT4 levels were measured by Microparticle Enzyme Immunoassay (MEIA) principle in AxSYM system. Maximum voluntary ventilation (MVV), which is a lung function parameter, was measured by a digital MicroDL spirometer. Data were analyzed by one way ANOVA test, independent sample t-test and Pearson’s correlation coefficient test.
Results: The mean percentage of predicted values of lung function parameter of MVV in control subjects and treated hypothyroids were within normal ranges. However, this value was significantly lower in untreated hypothyroid subjects in comparison to those of control and treated hypothyroid subjects. In addition, MVV showed negative correlation with serum TSH level and positive correlation with serum FT4 level and these relationships were statistically significant in control group and treated hypothyroid subjects.
Conclusion: This study reveals that MVV may be lower in untreated hypothyroid female patients compared to control and treated hypothyroids and the deterioration may be positively correlated with serum FT4 level and negatively correlated with serum TSH level. Treatment of hypothyroids may reverse these changes.
Delta Med Col J. Jul 2020;8(2): 55-60
Contratación Pública en el Gobierno Abierto. una Visión Reflexiva desde la Transparencia Propuesta por la Gobernanza Institucional
Authors: Zambrano-Montesdeoca María , Mantuano-Zambrano Yandry 
Published: June 2023

La investigación tuvo como propósito interpretar las estrategias del gobierno abierto que dan viabilidad a la transparencia en las contrataciones públicas desde los principios de la gobernanza; acompañada de las siguientes directrices específicas: Contextualizar las estrategias del gobierno abierto para la transparencia, analizar los principios de la gobernanza que soporte a la transparencia en las contrataciones públicas, y reflexionar sobre las estrategias del gobierno abierto que dan viabilidad a la transparencia en las contrataciones públicas desde los principios de la gobernanza; su diseño es de tipo fenomenológico-interpretativo con un enfoque cualitativo, la dimensión es de tipo inductiva, con un nivel descriptivo no experimental y de campo, como estrategia se aplicó la revisión documental para conocer posturas teóricas, además de lo comentado por los informantes claves; como estrategia de análisis se planteó se utilizó la ideada por la Teoría Fundamentada, dando como resultado códigos sustantivos, como axiales, conceptos sustantivos hasta llegar a la categoría central; así como del uso del método hermenéutico como estrategia de interpretación de lo narrado por los entrevistados (entrevista en profundidad, semi estructurada). El principal hallazgo resultante se muestra como una categoría central denominada Contrataciones públicas inteligentes desde la gobernanza estratégica, presentándose como propuesta de buena praxis para la administración pública, en especial para la Empresa Pública CNEL Provincia de Manabí. Entre las principales reflexiones se encuentra la necesidad de facilitar el proceso de gobernanza desde las directrices del gobierno abierto con el fin de dar viabilidad a la transparencia en los procesos de contratación pública.
Palabras clave: Contrataciones públicas, gobernanza, gobierno abierto, transparencia.
Planificación de áreas verdes públicas y su impacto en las actividades recreativas de los ciudadanos
Authors: Terán-Viteri Luis , Luy-Navarrete Wayky , Merino-Velásquez Jesús 
Published: June 2023

Es importante y necesario proveer información técnica que sirva para describir el ecosistema urbano actual de un sector de la ciudad con base en esto el objetivo de esta investigación se basó en analizar cuál es la implicancia en la planificación de áreas verdes públicas en las actividades recreativas de los ciudadanos específicamente en la parroquia Febres Cordero en Guayaquil. Se aplicó una metodología de tipo transversal descriptivo y correlacional y no experimental; con una muestra conformada por 119 viviendas en las cuales se usó como instrumento una encuesta a los jefes de hogar, en cuanto a los resultados se les realizaron pruebas de validación y confiabilidad de alfa de Cronbach con un valor de 0.87 demostrando ser apto para su aplicación, posteriormente se realizaron las respectivas pruebas a las variables a través del método de prueba de chi-cuadrado para determinar el nivel de relación entre ellas, dando como resultado que el valor de significancia es menor a 0.05 es decir 0,001 por lo tanto, se rechazó la hipótesis nula y se aceptó la hipótesis alternativa, es decir, que la planificación de áreas verdes se relaciona significativamente con las actividades recreativas.
El tratamiento de la prueba ilícita en el proceso penal ecuatoriano
Authors: Gómez-Salcedo Wilson 
Published: June 2023

La presente investigación establece un objeto centrado en el análisis del tratamiento de la prueba ilícita en el proceso penal ecuatoriano para establecer si es posible obtener una resolución fundada en dicha prueba.
Recordemos que la prueba constituye en el derecho una de las herramientas fundamentales para convencer y demostrar los hechos al órgano judicial. Por lo tanto, esta prueba debe ser obtenida de forma que no transgreda derechos fundamentales. Si existe tal vulneración, se aplica la regla de la exclusión probatoria.
Ahora bien, la doctrina, los preceptos y las sentencias internacionales establecen ciertas excepciones a esa exclusión probatoria que podría dar lugar a resoluciones fundadas en una prueba ilícita. De esta manera, se proporcionan en este artículo conceptos, objeto y naturaleza jurídica de la prueba ilícita, así como el análisis de teorías doctrinales y decisiones judiciales internacionales.
Ello, a través de un marco metodológico de alcance documental y bibliográfico y un nivel investigativo correlacional debido a la efectiva relación de las variables. Se demostrará en la presente investigación si la prueba ilícita puede ser valorada o no, tomando una postura.
Estrés y burnout en veterinarios del Valle de los Chillos
Authors: Solórzano-Chaguay Gabriela , Valencia-Gonzalez Edwin , Revelo-Oña Renato 
Published: June 2023

El Médico Veterinario está expuesto a un sinnúmero de factores en sus labores diarias que pueden ir deteriorando su salud mental y emocional. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar el estrés y burnout a través de la aplicación de dos cuestionarios: Test “Maslach Burnout Inventory” y Test “Perceived Stress Scale”, y determinar los factores de estrés en los médicos veterinarios que ejercen su profesión en el Valle de los Chillos en la ciudad de Quito.
Los resultados encontrados en el Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) Test realizado a Médicos Veterinarios que trabajan en la ciudad de Quito en el Valle de los Chillos, muestran la relación entre las diferentes variables estudiadas (género y edad) y el cansancio emocional. La distribución de los casos positivos (indicios de Síndrome de Burnout) fueron 52 % positivas.
Más de la mitad de los encuestados presentó indicios de Síndrome de Burnout lo que sugiere mayor tendencia al cansancio emocional y despersonalización.
Penerapan CPPB-IRT dan sistem jaminan produk halal sebagai upaya peningkatan mutu dan kehalalan produk UMKM
Authors: Putri Annisa Ananda , Rohmah Miftakhur , Emmawati Aswita , Andriyani Yulian , Rahmadi Anton 
Published: June 2023

Keamanan pangan merupakan hal penting dalam suatu produk agar tidak membahayakan kesehatan konsumen. Salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan keamanan mutu dan kehalalan produk yaitu dengan menerapkan Cara Produksi Pangan yang Baik untuk Industri Rumah Tangga dan Sistem Jaminan Produk Halal. Pendampingan ini bertujuan untuk membantu UMKM Amplang Belida Gina dalam memenuhi syarat izin edar P-IRT dan Sertifikat Halal dengan menggunakan metode: (1) observasi dan wawancara; (2) identifikasi gap pemenuhan aspek CPPB-IRT dan Sistem Jaminan Produk Halal; (3) pendampingan penerapan CPPB-IRT dan SJPH; (4) penyiapan dokumen persyaratan dan proses pendaftaran SPP-IRT dan Sertifikat Halal kategori self declare. Hasil pendampingan UMKM telah melakukan implementasi CPPB-IRT dan SJPH sehingga telah mendapatkan sertifikat P-IRT sebagai izin edar dan Sertifikat Halal sebagai pengakuan kehalalan produk. Tindak lanjut yang dapat dilakukan yaitu melalui monitoring dan evaluasi sebagai penilaian akhir dari proses pendampingan agar pelaku usaha melakukan implementasi secara konsisten dari kegiatan yang telah dilaksanakan sehingga jika ditemukan ketidaksesuaian maka pelaku usaha harus melakukan tindakan perbaikan kembali.
Intergenerational perceptions of health and health research among African American, Caribbean, and Hispanic/Latinx American older and younger adults
Authors: Vaccaro Joan A. , Shambley-Ebron Donna Z. , Webb Fern J. , Neff Donna F. , Gaillard Trudy R. 
Published: June 2023

Background: African Americans (AA), Caribbeans (CA), and Hispanic/Latinx Americans (HL) experience higher rates of poor health and disease as compared to their non-Hispanic White counterparts. Research participation by older, ethnically diverse adults is essential in the effort to reduce these health disparities; yet they have lower enrollment and retention in health research. Little is known concerning enablers and barriers for older adults of diverse ethnic backgrounds living in the United States to participate in health research.
Objective: The aim of this study was to discover the generational perceptions of health issues and research by race and age of AA, CA, and HL.
Methods: Recruitment was by multiple methods of community outreach. Induction of themes was by constant comparison and thematic analysis of 86 transcripts from focus groups of three ethnic minorities by age: N = 363 older (65 years or greater) and younger adults (25-64 years).
Results: There were both similarities and differences by race and age concerning perceptions of health and health research. Younger adults expressed a concern for lack of communication of family health history by earlier generations. Older adults value their privacy concerning their health. A common theme was that participation in health research is everyone’s responsibility to help family, brown and black communities for the greater good.
Conclusions: This study reinforced the differences in health and health research perceptions among ethnic minorities by generation, implying the need for involving the community’s feedback in the design of health studies. Further implications are the consideration of enablers and barriers toward health research participation as a potential method to reduce health disparities.