bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lutein fortification of wheat bread with marigold powder: impact on rheology, water dynamics, and structure
Authors: Kwon Hyukjin , Lee Dong‐Un , Lee Suyong 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDDemands for foods conducive to eye health have been on the increase in the global healthcare sector. Marigold powder as a major source of lutein was utilized to produce lutein‐fortified breads for ocular health. The physicochemical characteristics of the doughs and breads were investigated in terms of rheology, water mobility, and protein secondary structures.RESULTSThe incorporation of marigold powder decreased the water absorption of doughs without significantly altering thermomechanical properties. With a range of fortification levels (1–3%), marigold powder led to decreased storage and loss modulus of doughs by weakening their gluten network, which was supported by their T2 relaxation times. The resistance of the doughs weakened with increasing levels of marigold powder, while their extensibilities significantly incremented. Fourier transform infrared spectral deconvolution revealed the changes in wheat protein structures upon marigold powder incorporation, in which the proportion of β‐turn increased at the expense of β‐sheet ratio. The breads with marigold powder displayed increased specific volume from 4.034 to 4.368 mL g−1, accompanied by softer textures. The baking process led to heat‐induced losses in lutein concentration of less than 10% within the crumb and approximately 30% in the crust.CONCLUSIONThe use of marigold powder induced changes in protein secondary structure and extensional features of doughs, contributing to increased loaf volume and softer texture. Overall, this study provides fundamental information on the rheological and structural effects of marigold powder in a wheat bread system, consequently encouraging the food industry to utilize marigold power as a functional food ingredient. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Implementing the learning health system paradigm within academic health centers
Authors: Easterling Douglas , Perry Anna , Miller David 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe learning health system (LHS) concept represents a bold innovation that combines organizational learning, strategic analysis of patient data, stakeholder engagement and the systematic translation of research into practice – all in service of improving the quality of health care delivered across the organization. This innovation has been diffused and widely adopted by healthcare organizations over the past 15 years, but academic health centers (AHCs) have been slower on the uptake. The irony is that AHCs have the resources (e.g., trained researchers, sophisticated clinical data systems, informatics infrastructure) that are necessary to do the highest‐quality and most impactful LHS work.MethodsBased on a review of publications describing how AHCs have implemented LHS work, as well as the authors' direct experience promoting the adoption of the LHS paradigm at Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist (AHWFB), we:identify a set of factors that have inhibited broader adoption of the LHS paradigm among AHCs; distinguish between the forms of LHS work that are consistent and inconsistent with the mission of AHCs; and offer recommendations for broader adoption and fuller implementation of the LHS paradigm.ResultsThe LHS paradigm represents an expansion of the scientific paradigm which serves as the foundation of research enterprise within AHCs. Both paradigms value rigorous studies of new treatments and practices, including pragmatic clinical trials. The LHS paradigm also places a high value on quality improvement studies, organizational learning, and the translation of research findings into improved patient care and operations within the local health system. The two paradigms differ on the origin of the research question, i.e., a pressing patient‐care issue facing the health system versus the investigator's own research interests. Academic researchers have been disincentivized from pursuing at least some forms of LHS research. However, a growing number of AHCs are finding ways to integrate the LHS paradigm into their research enterprise, either by providing research faculty with institutional funding to cover their effort on studies that address the health system's priority issues, or by establishing an institute dedicated to LHS research.ConclusionsThe LHS paradigm is a disruptive intervention for AHCs, one that was initially resisted but is increasingly being embraced. AHCs are developing strategies for conducting LHS research, typically in parallel to the more traditional biomedical science that is core to academic medicine. Full implementation of the LHS paradigm will require further alignment between LHS and science, including a shift in the criteria for promotion and tenure to support those researchers who choose to focus on the pressing issues facing the health system.
Influence of Structure and Composition of Polymer Nanocomposites with Carbon and Hybrid Fillers on the Efficiency of Electromagnetic Shielding
Authors: Mamunya Yevhen , Sushko Oleksandr , Maruzhenko Oleksii , Paraschenko Iryna , Pylypenko Andrii , Dubrovka Fedir 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe shielding efficiency (absorption SEA, reflection SER, and total SET) and conductivity of composites based on organic–inorganic polymer matrix (OIM) and polyethylene (UHMWPE) containing mixtures (hybrid fillers) of carbon black (CB), carbon nanotubes (CNT), and iron oxide (Fe2O3) are studied. The best shielding results (SET = 23.1 dB, SEA = 17.7 dB) show a composite based on UHMWPE with a segregated structure of the hybrid filler CNT+CB with a total content of 10 vol%, due to the high electrical conductivity of the composite. It is found a close correlation between the conductivity of the composite and the absorption efficiency SEA which sharply increases when the value of conductivity becomes above 10−3 S cm−1. In composites based on OIM with hybrid filler CNT+Fe2O3, the moderate shielding characteristics are achieved (SET = 12.3–12.7 dB, SEA = 8.8–9.2 dB), but they have the conductivity more than two orders of magnitude lower than the composites with carbon fillers. This effect arises due to the additional contribution to the absorption efficiency of the interaction of ferromagnetic non‐conductive oxide with the magnetic component of electromagnetic wave. Such composites have the potential to achieve high shielding performance at determining the optimal composition of the hybrid filler.
Molecular Conformation and Intermolecular Interactions of Linear and Cyclic Amylose Derivatives in Solution
Authors: Terao Ken , Ryoki Akiyuki , Kitamura Shinichi , Sato Takahiro 
Published: April 2023

AbstractFour kinds of rigid and semiflexible ring polymers are synthesized from flexible cyclic amylose. Their conformational properties in dilute solution are determined from dimensional and hydrodynamic properties in terms of the wormlike ring model. The helix rise per residuehof some ring polymers is larger or smaller than that for the corresponding linear chains, indicating that the local helical structure of the ring polymer is not the same as that for the linear chain. Intermolecular interactions detected by the second virial coefficient and chiral recognition ability of some ring polymers are different from the linear chain, suggesting the local structural change causes the intermolecular interactions. The study also finds that rigid ring polymers can form liquid crystal phase at high concentration. X‐ray diffraction results suggest that the ring chains form pseudo rodlike conformation in the liquid crystal phase, showing that intermolecular excluded volume effects significantly influence the conformation of the polymer chains.
Alginate Blocks and Block Polysaccharides: A Review
Authors: Solberg Amalie , Draget Kurt I. , Schatz Christophe , Christensen Bjørn E. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAlginates consist of distinct blocks with different physical properties. This short review focuses on research carried out in Trondheim related to the early discovery of the block structure, their isolation, their different chemical and physical properties, and how they recently are utilized in diblock polysaccharides to obtain new nanostructuring properties.
Unsupervised cycle‐consistent network using restricted subspace field map for removing susceptibility artifacts in EPI
Authors: Bao Qingjia , Xie Weida , Otikovs Martins , Xia Liyang , Xie Han , Liu Xinjie , Liu Kewen , Zhang Zhi , Chen Fang , Zhou Xin , Liu Chaoyang 
Published: April 2023

PurposeTo design an unsupervised deep neural model for correcting susceptibility artifacts in single‐shot Echo Planar Imaging (EPI) and evaluate the model for preclinical and clinical applications.MethodsThis work proposes an unsupervised cycle‐consistent model based on the restricted subspace field map to take advantage of both the deep learning (DL) and the reverse polarity‐gradient (RPG) method for single‐shot EPI. The proposed model consists of three main components: (1) DLRPG neural network (DLRPG‐net) to obtain field maps based on a pair of images acquired with reversed phase encoding; (2) spin physical model–based modules to obtain the corrected undistorted images based on the learned field map; and (3) cycle‐consistency loss between the input images and back‐calculated images from each cycle is explored for network training. In addition, the field maps generated by DLRPG‐net belong to a restricted subspace, which is a span of predefined cubic splines to ensure the smoothness of the field maps and avoid blurring in the corrected images. This new method is trained and validated on both preclinical and clinical datasets for diffusion MRI.ResultsThe proposed network could effectively generate smooth field maps and correct susceptibility artifacts in single‐shot EPI. Simulated and in vivo preclinical/clinical experiments demonstrated that our method outperforms the state‐of‐the‐art susceptibility artifact correction methods. Furthermore, the ablation experiments of the cycle‐consistent network and the restricted subspace in generating field maps did show the advantages of DLRPG‐net.ConclusionThe proposed method (DLRPG‐net) can effectively correct susceptibility artifacts for preclinical and clinical single‐shot EPI sequences.
Numerical fitting of Extrapolated semisolid Magnetization transfer Reference (NEMR) signals: Improved detection of ischemic stroke
Authors: Yong Xingwang , Lu Shanshan , Hsu Yi‐Cheng , Fu Caixia , Sun Yi , Zhang Yi 
Published: April 2023

PurposeTo propose a novel Numerical fitting method of the Extrapolated semisolid Magnetization transfer Reference (NEMR) signal for quantifying the CEST effect.Theory and MethodsModified two‐pool Bloch‐McConnell equations were used to numerically fit the magnetization transfer (MT) and direct water saturation (DS) signals at far off‐resonance frequencies, which was subsequently extrapolated into the frequency range of amide proton transfer (APT) and nuclear Overhauser enhancement (NOE) pools. Then the subtraction of the fitted two‐pool z‐spectrum and the experimentally acquired z‐spectrum yielded APT# and NOE# signals mostly free of MT and DS contamination. Several strategies were used to accelerate the NEMR fitting. Furthermore, the proposed NEMR method was compared with the conventional extrapolated semisolid magnetization transfer reference (EMR) and magnetization transfer ratio asymmetry (MTRasym) methods in simulations and stroke patients.ResultsThe combination of RF downsampling, MT lineshape look‐up table, and conversion of MATLAB code to C code accelerated the NEMR fitting by over 2700‐fold. Monte‐Carlo simulations showed that NEMR had higher accuracy than EMR and eliminated the requirement of the steady‐state condition. In ischemic stroke patients, the NEMR maps at 1 μT removed hypointense artifacts seen on EMR and MTRasym images, and better depicted stroke lesions than EMR. For NEMR, NOE# yielded significantly (p < 0.05) stronger signal contrast between stroke and normal tissues than APT# at 1 μT.ConclusionThe proposed NEMR method is suitable for arbitrary saturation settings and can remove MT and DS contamination from the CEST signal for improved detection of ischemic stroke.
Preparation and properties of composite hydrogels for 3D bioprinting
Authors: Wang Lei , Zhou Anduo , Chen Chongshuai , Huang Xia , Zhang Shanfeng , Chen Junying 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBioprinted scaffolds have broad applications in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. 3D bioprinting can prepare complex structures and shapes, and the fabrication of high‐performance bioinks is the key to technological progress. This study selected gelatin, chitosan quaternary ammonium salt, and sodium cromoglycate as substrates to design and characterize two groups of hydrogel materials for bioprinting. Two hydrogels were prepared by extrusion bioprinting: Gel/HACC/DSCG hydrogel and GelMA/HACC‐DSCG hydrogel. The physicochemical and liquid crystal properties of hydrogels were characterized. The effect of liquid crystal on cell proliferation and orientation was evaluated by culturing human umbilical vein endothelial cells. The Gel/HACC/DSCG hydrogels showed inducibility to orientated cell growth. The GelMA/HACC‐DSCG hydrogels had lesser damaged cells and stronger mechanical strength and stability in printing, however, the liquid crystal properties were weakened, and the effect on cell growth orientation was not significant.
Semi‐IPN superabsorbent polymer based on itaconic acid and polyvinyl alcohol with improved gel strength and salt resistance
Authors: Kwon Yong Rok , Kim Hae Chan , Kim Jung Soo , So Ju‐Hee , Chang Young‐Wook , Kim Dong Hyun 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSemi‐interpenetrating polymer network (semi‐IPN) technology was introduced in order to improve the gel strength and salt resistance of itaconic acid (IA)‐based superabsorbent polymers (SAPs). A semi‐IPN SAP based on IA and 2‐acrylamido‐2‐methyl‐1‐propanesulfonic acid (AMPS) was synthesized. Polymerization was performed using a one‐pot method in an aqueous solution in the presence of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The structural and thermal properties of PVA/poly(IA‐co‐AMPS) were studied using Fourier transform infrared, differential scanning calorimetry, and thermogravimetry analysis. PVA formed strong hydrogen bonds with hydrophilic functional groups in the SAP network to improve the gel strength and thermal stability of the SAP. A PVA content of 6 wt% increased the centrifuge retention capacity and absorbency under load of the SAP to 60.1 and 16.4 g/g, respectively. Owing to the less salt‐sensitive hydroxyl groups of PVA, semi‐IPN SAP showed higher absorption (up to 26.3%) in an aqueous salt solution. The resulting SAP has a very low concentration of residual monomers (167.4 ppm). Experimental results suggest that PVA/poly(IA‐co‐AMPS) is an eco‐friendly SAP with excellent absorption properties, making it suitable for application in personal care products.
Comparative proteomic analysis identifies differentially expressed proteins associated with meiotic arrest in cattle‐yak hybrids
Authors: Wu Shi‐Xin , Wan Rui‐dong , Wang Guo‐Wen , Zhang Yi‐Wen , Yang Qi‐En 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCattle‐yak, the interspecific hybrid between yak and taurine cattle, exhibits male‐specific sterility. Massive loss of spermatogenic cells, especially spermatocytes, results in azoospermia in these animals. Currently, the mechanisms underlying meiosis block and defects in spermatocyte development remain elusive. The present study was designed to investigate the differences in the protein composition of spermatocytes isolated from 12‐month‐old yak and cattle‐yak testes. Histological analysis confirmed that spermatocytes were the most advanced germ cells in the testes of yak and cattle‐yak at this developmental stage. Comparative proteomic analysis identified a total of 452 differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) in the fluorescence‐activated cell sorting (FACS) isolated spermatocytes from cattle‐yak and yak. A total of 291 proteins were only present in yak spermatocytes. Gene Ontology analysis revealed that the downregulated DAPs were mostly enriched in the cellular response to DNA damage stimulus and double‐strand breaks (DSBs) repair via break‐induced replication, while the proteins specific for yak were related to cell division and cycle, spermatogenesis, and negative regulation of the extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway. Ultimately, these DAPs were related to the critical process for spermatocyte meiotic events, including DSBs, homologous recombination, synapsis, crossover formation, and germ cell apoptosis. The database composed of proteins associated with spermatogenesis, including KPNA2, HTATSF1, TRIP12, STIP1, LZTFL1, LARP7, MTCH2, STK31, ROMO1, CDK5AP2, DNMT1, RBM44, and CHRAC1, is the focus of further research on male hybrid sterility. In total, these results provide insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying failed meiotic processes and male infertility in cattle‐yak.
Association analysis of hepatocellular carcinoma‐related hub proteins and hub genes
Authors: Zhang Xinhong , Zhang Boyan , Zhang Yawei , Zhang Fan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPurposeHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. The occurrence and development of HCC are closely related to epigenetic modifications. Epigenetic modifications can regulate gene expression and related functions through DNA methylation. This paper presents an association analysis method of HCC‐related hub proteins and hub genes.Experimental designBioinformatics analysis of HCC‐related DNA methylation data is carried out to clarify the molecular mechanism of HCC‐related genes and to find hub genes (genes with more connections in the network) by constructing in the gene interaction network. This paper proposes an accurate prediction method of protein–protein interaction (PPI) based on deep learning model DeepSG2PPI. The trained DeepSG2PPI model predicts the interaction relationship between the synthetic proteins regulated by HCC‐related genes.ResultsThis paper finds that four genes are the intersection of hub genes and hub proteins. The four genes are: FBL, CCNB2, ALDH18A1, and RPLP0. The association of RPLP0 gene with HCC is a new finding of this study. RPLP0 is expected to become a new biomarker for the treatment, diagnosis, and prognosis of HCC. The four proteins corresponding to the four genes are: ENSP00000221801, ENSP00000288207, ENSP00000360268, and ENSP00000449328.Conclusions and clinical relevanceThe association between the hub genes with the hub proteins is analyzed. The mutual verification of the hub genes and the hub proteins can obtain more credible HCC‐related genes and proteins, which is helpful for the diagnosis, treatment, and drug development of HCC.
Transbronchial needle aspiration in severe cardiac failure patient: ‘The old bull knows best’
Authors: Caterino Umberto , Cesaro Cristiano , Lucci Raffaella , Cesaro Flavio , Masi Umberto , Cotroneo Alessandra , Amore Dario 
Published: April 2023

Key messageConventional transbronchial needle aspiration (cTBNA) remains a basic technique that must be part of the bronchoscopists expertise. In cases where EBUS is not available, cTBNA must be kept in mind: ‘the old bull knows best’.
Cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction induced by mechanical insufflation‐exsufflation in Guillain–Barré syndrome
Authors: Kuroiwa Ryota , Tateishi Yoshihisa , Oshima Taku , Shibuya Kazumoto , Inagaki Takeshi , Murata Astushi , Kuwabara Satoshi 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMechanical insufflation‐exsufflation (MI‐E) is an effective airway clearance device for impaired cough associated with respiratory muscle weakness caused by neuromuscular disease. Its complications on the respiratory system, such as pneumothorax, are well‐recognized, but the association of the autonomic nervous system dysfunction with MI‐E has never been reported. We herein describe two cases of Guillain–Barré syndrome with cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction during MI‐E: a 22‐year‐old man who developed transient asystole and an 83‐year‐old man who presented with prominent fluctuation of blood pressure. These episodes occurred during the use of MI‐E with abnormal cardiac autonomic testing, such as heart rate variability in both patients. While Guillain–Barré syndrome itself may cause cardiac autonomic dysfunction, MI‐E possibly caused or enhanced the autonomic dysfunction by an alternation of thoracic cavity pressure. The possibility of MI‐E‐related cardiovascular complications should be recognized, and its appropriate monitoring and management are necessary, particularly when used for Guillain–Barré syndrome patients.
The benefit of indwelling pleural catheter with ambulatory pneumothorax device and autologous blood patch pleurodesis in lymphangioleiomyomatosis with persistent air leak
Authors: Ng Boon Hau , Low Hsueh Jing , Nik Abeed Nik Nuratiqah , Jailaini Mas Fazlin Mohamad , Abdul Hamid Mohamed Faisal , Ban Yu‐Lin Andrea 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe report a 35‐year‐old woman who presented with dyspnoea and chest pain for 1 week. High‐resolution computed tomography (HRCT) thorax revealed bilateral pneumothoraces with diffuse lung cysts. Bilateral intercostal chest tubes were inserted, and there was a persistent air leak (PAL) bilaterally. We performed an autologous blood patch pleurodesis (ABPP) for the left PAL. For the right PAL, she underwent a successful right video‐assisted thoracic (VATS) surgery, wedge biopsy, and surgical pleurodesis. Histopathology examination confirmed the diagnosis of lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM). The left pneumothorax recurred. An indwelling pleural catheter (Rocket® IPC™; Rocket Medical plc; WASHINGTON) was inserted and the patient was discharged after 1 day with an atrium pneumostat (Pneumostat™; Atrium Medical Corporation, Hudson, NH, USA) chest drain valve. The patient was initiated on Sirolimus 2 mg daily. The left PAL resolved at 6 weeks. This case highlights the benefit of IPC with an ambulatory pneumothorax device in a patient with LAM with PAL.
Chevrel Phase Mo6S8 Nanosheets Featuring Reversible Electrochemical Li‐Ion Intercalation as Effective Dynamic‐Phase Promoter for Advanced Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Xu Jili , Wang Heng , He Ting , Yan Xiao , Yu Jia , Bi Jingkun , Ye Daixin , Yao Wenli , Tang Ya , Zhao Hongbin , Zhang Jiujun 
Published: April 2023

AbstractModifying sulfur cathodes with lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) adsorptive and electrocatalytic host materials is regarded as one of the most effective approaches to address the challenging problems in lithium‐sulfur (Li‐S) batteries. However, because of the high operating voltage window of Li–S batteries from 1.7 to 2.8 V, most of the host materials cannot participate in the sulfur redox reactions within the same potential region, which exhibit fixed or single functional property, hardly fulfilling the requirement of the complex and multiphase process. Herein, Chevrel phase Mo6S8 nanosheets with high electronic conductivity, fast ion transport capability, and strong polysulfide affinity are introduced to sulfur cathode. Unlike most previous inactive hosts with a fixed affinity or catalytic ability toward LiPSs, the reaction involving Mo6S8 is intercalative and the adsorbability for LiPSs as well as the ionic conductivity can be dynamically enhanced via reversible electrochemical lithiation of Mo6S8 to Li‐ion intercalated LixMo6S8, thereby suppressing the shuttling effect and accelerating the conversion kinetics. Consequently, the Mo6S8 nanosheets act as an effective dynamic‐phase promoter in Li–S batteries and exhibit superior cycling stability, high‐rate capability, and low‐temperature performance. This study opens a new avenue for the development of advanced hosts with dynamic regulation activity for high performance Li‐S batteries.