bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Player-centered, iterative, and interdisciplinary design and development of a mobile exergame for older cardiac patients
Authors: Berglund A , Jaarsma T , Oradd H , Jedel I , Fallstrom J , Stromberg A , Klompstra L , Berglund E 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): Vetenskapsrådet

Background
Reducing inactivity in cardiac patients is vital since it can decrease the risk for disease progression and mortality. Current commercial available exergames (games where one has to be physically active to be able to play) might not optimally meet the needs of cardiac patients. The aim of this project was to design and develop a mobile exergame app involving end-users (elderly cardiac patients).

Method
The player-centered, iterative, interdisciplinary, and integrated (P-III) framework for designing and developing serious games has been modified and used for designing and developing the exergame involving end-users. This framework has 4 pillars:
1. Player-centered design process
2. Iterative development
3. Interdisciplinary teamwork
4. Integration of play and the serious content
End-users involved in the project were patients from a local patient organization for patients with heart and lung diseases.

Results
In the player-centered design process cardiac patients were involved in the entire game design and development, not only during the usability testing phase. In the iterative development of the game, we had a visual game design of the game to understand the players’ group and the problem domain. Later the visual game concept was transformed into a prototype of the game. This prototype was adapted within seven iterations to a mobile exergame. The development was through interdisciplinary teamwork, where both cardiac patients, experts in cardiac care and game developers worked closely together in developing the game. The serious content in our project is physical activity and the integration is focused on exergame design guidelines for older adults and fitness application guidelines for cardiac patients.
The mobile exergame that was developed, has as main goal to walk 10 minutes more a day. The concept of the game is based on taking care of a farm and expanding it by sowing, watering, and planting fruits and vegetables. To do activities in the farm the user has to walk in the physical world, this could be both done indoors or outdoors. Each activity is rewarded with experience points (see screenshot mobile exergame).

Conclusion
An exergame was successfully developed within an interdisciplinary team with as goal to encourage cardiac patients to walk 10 minutes more a day. This game will now be tested in a randomized control trial, called the Heart-eXg study.Screenshot exergame
A simple dietary intervention to reduce inflammation and oxidative stress in individuals with metabolic syndrome
Authors: Biddle M , Kang J H , Brewer D 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.

Background
Approximately 25% of the world's population have metabolic syndrome and those diagnosed have a two-fold risk of developing cardiovascular disease. Inflammation and oxidative stress are responsible for the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome. Diets with a high intake of vegetables containing carotenoids, a type of antioxidants, are associated with reduced levels of inflammation and oxidative stress, yet interventions to increase vegetable intake have been difficult to adapt. We conducted a randomized controlled trial of a simple dietary antioxidant intervention to reduce the levels of inflammation and oxidative stress.

Purpose
To examine the effect of a simple dietary antioxidant intervention on levels of inflammation and oxidative stress in persons with metabolic syndrome.

Methods
A total of 93 individuals with metabolic syndrome (mean age 61 ± 12 years old, 71% female) were enrolled. The intervention group received an 11.5-ounce serving of 100% carotenoid-rich vegetable juice to consume once per day for 30 days. The control group maintained their normal dietary pattern for 30 days. Adherence to the intervention was measured with Veggie Meter®, a validated reflection spectroscopy approach to assess skin carotenoid levels. Inflammation and oxidative stress were measured by plasma levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP) and malondialdehyde (MDA) at baseline and one-month post intervention. Two-way repeated measures analysis of variance was used to compare the group means over time. Log-transformation was applied as necessary for the variables with skewed distribution.

Results
There was no significant interaction between treatment and time on skin carotenoid levels, (respectively, P=0.214). There was a statistically significant increase of skin carotenoid levels in the intervention group alone (220 vs 264 in pre and post intervention, respectively, P=0.002). Change in mean CRP levels did not differ between control and intervention groups (P=0.520). Similarly, change in mean MDA did not significantly differ between two groups (P = 0.450).

Conclusion
A simple and easy to adapt, 1-month dietary antioxidant intervention did not change levels of inflammation and oxidative stress in individuals with metabolic syndrome, potentially due to the short-term treatment. Future interventions with dietary antioxidants should be implemented for longer time periods to fully assess the impact on inflammation and oxidative stress.
Higher Gaussian Maps on K3 Surfaces
Authors: Ríos Ortiz Ángel David 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
We give sufficient conditions for the surjectivity of higher Gaussian maps on a polarized K3 surface. As an application, we show that the $k$-th Gaussian map for a general curve of genus $g$ (that depends quadratically with $k$) is surjective. Along the proof, we also exhibit an ampleness criterion for divisors in the Hilbert scheme of two points of a K3 surface.
Uniform Mordell–Lang Plus Bogomolov
Authors: Ge Tangli 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we prove a uniform version of Poonen’s “Mordell-Lang Plus Bogomolov” theorem [ 12], based on Vojta’s method. Our main contribution is to generalize Rèmond’s work on the large points in order to allow an extra $\epsilon $-neighborhood in the canonical height topology. The part on small points follows from [ 8].
Cork sheet as an efficient biosorbent for forensic toxicology: Application to vitreous humor analysis
Authors: Ossanes Daniela Souza , Birk Letícia , Petry Adriana Ubirajara Silva , de Menezes Francisco Paz , Gonzaga Alexsandro Pinto , Schlickmann Paula Flores , Eller Sarah , de Oliveira Tiago Franco 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
There is an increasing number of people affected worldwide by mental health disorders, such as depression and anxiety. One of the main courses of treatment, along with psychotherapy, is the use of psychoactive medications, like antidepressants and benzodiazepines. Also, the unprescribed use of these substances is a concerning public health issue. Hence, the analysis of psychotropic medications is mandatory in postmortem toxicology and various biological samples can be used for this detection, among them the vitreous humor (VH) stands out. Also, there is a demand for more sustainable and more efficient extraction methodologies according to green chemistry. An example is solid phase microextraction techniques (SPME), which use a solid sorbent and small solvent amounts. Biosorbents are substances of natural origin with sorptive properties, and they have been successfully used in SPME in environmental toxicology for water analysis, mainly. This study aimed to develop a sustainable, fast, cheap and simple SPME methodology using cork sheet strips as a biosorbent, to extract antidepressants, benzodiazepines and others from VH samples by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. The extraction was conducted in a 96-well plate using 200 µL of VH and optimization of relevant parameters for extraction was performed. For solvent optimization, two simplex-centroid experiments were planned for extraction and desorption and to evaluate time and pH, a Doehlert design experiment was performed. The analytical method for the determination and quantification of 17 substances was validated. The quantification limits were 5 ng/mL for all analytes and the calibration curves were linear between 5 and 30 ng/mL. This study was able to develop an efficient, cheap, simple and fast microextraction method for 17 analytes in VH, using strips of cork sheet for extraction and a 96-well plate as a container. Furthermore, this approach system could be automated for routine toxicology laboratories.
Deciphering the regulatory network of the NAC transcription factor FvRIF, a key regulator of strawberry (Fragaria vesca) fruit ripening
Authors: Li Xiaojing , Martín-Pizarro Carmen , Zhou Leilei , Hou Bingzhu , Wang Yuying , Shen Yuanyue , Li Bingbing , Posé David , Qin Guozheng 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The NAC transcription factor ripening inducing factor (RIF) was previously reported to be necessary for the ripening of octoploid strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) fruit, but the mechanistic basis of RIF-mediated transcriptional regulation and how RIF activity is modulated remains elusive. Here, we show that FvRIF in diploid strawberry, Fragaria vesca, is a key regulator in the control of fruit ripening and that knockout mutations of FvRIF result in a complete block of fruit ripening. DNA affinity purification sequencing coupled with transcriptome deep sequencing suggests that 2,080 genes are direct targets of FvRIF-mediated regulation, including those related to various aspects of fruit ripening. We provide evidence that FvRIF modulates anthocyanin biosynthesis and fruit softening by directly regulating the related core genes. Moreover, we demonstrate that FvRIF interacts with and serves as a substrate of MAP kinase 6 (FvMAPK6), which regulates the transcriptional activation function of FvRIF by phosphorylating FvRIF at Thr-310. Our findings uncover the FvRIF-mediated transcriptional regulatory network in controlling strawberry fruit ripening and highlight the physiological significance of phosphorylation modification on FvRIF activity in ripening.
The 14-3-3 protein OsGF14f interacts with OsbZIP23 and enhances its activity to confer osmotic stress tolerance in rice
Authors: Ma Yamei , Wu Ziying , Dong Jingfang , Zhang Shaohong , Zhao Junliang , Yang Tifeng , Yang Wu , Zhou Lian , Wang Jian , Chen Jiansong , Liu Qing , Liu Bin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Drought, which can induce osmotic stress, is the leading environmental constraint on crop productivity. Plants in both agricultural and natural settings have developed various mechanisms to cope with drought stress. The identification of genes associated with drought stress tolerance and understanding the underlying regulatory mechanisms are prerequisites for developing molecular manipulation strategies to address this issue. Here, we reported that the G-BOX FACTOR 14-3-3f (14-3-3 protein OsGF14f) positively modulates osmotic stress tolerance in rice (Oryza sativa). OsGF14f transgenic lines had no obvious change in crucial agronomic traits including yield and plant height. OsGF14f is transcriptionally induced by PEG treatment, and in rice, overexpression or knockout of this gene leads to enhanced or weakened osmotic stress tolerance, respectively. Furthermore, OsGF14f positively regulates abscisic acid (ABA) responses by interacting with the core ABA-responsive transcription factor BASIC LEUCINE ZIPPER 23 (OsbZIP23) to enhance its transcriptional regulation activity toward downstream target genes. Further genetic analysis showed that OsGF14f is required for the full function of OsbZIP23 in rice osmotic response, and OsGF14f-mediated osmotic stress tolerance partially depends on OsbZIP23. Interestingly, OsGF14f is a direct target gene of OsbZIP23. Taken together, our findings reveal a genetic and molecular framework by which the OsGF14f–OsbZIP23 complex modulates rice osmotic response, providing targets for developing drought-tolerant crops.
Mechanisms underlying the prolonged activation of the genioglossus following arousal from sleep
Authors: Dawson Andrew , Avraam Joanne , Nicholas Christian L , Kay Amanda , Thornton Therese , Feast Nicole , Fridgant Monika D , O’Donoghue Fergal J , Trinder John , Jordan Amy S 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Study Objectives
Transient arousal from sleep has been shown to elicit a prolonged increase in genioglossus muscle activity that persists following the return to sleep and which may protect against subsequent airway collapse. We hypothesized that this increased genioglossal activity following return to sleep after an arousal is due to persistent firing of inspiratory-modulated motor units (MUs) that are recruited during the arousal.

Methods
Thirty-four healthy participants were studied overnight while wearing a nasal mask with pneumotachograph to measure ventilation and with 4 intramuscular genioglossus EMG electrodes. During stable N2 and N3 sleep, auditory tones were played to induce brief (3-15s) AASM arousals. Ventilation and genioglossus MUs were quantified before the tone, during the arousal and for 10 breaths after the return to sleep.

Results
A total of 1089 auditory tones were played and gave rise to 239 MUs recorded across arousal and the return to sleep in 20 participants (aged 23 ± 4.2 years and BMI 22.5 ± 2.2 kg/m2). Ventilation was elevated above baseline during arousal and the first post-arousal breath (p &lt; .001). Genioglossal activity was elevated for five breaths following the return to sleep, due to increased firing rate and recruitment of inspiratory modulated MUs, as well as a small increase in tonic MU firing frequency.

Conclusions
The sustained increase in genioglossal activity that occurs on return to sleep after arousal is primarily a result of persistent activity of inspiratory-modulated MUs, with a slight contribution from tonic units. Harnessing genioglossal activation following arousal may potentially be useful for preventing obstructive respiratory events.
Cavernous nerve mapping methods for radical prostatectomy
Authors: Unal Selman , Musicki Biljana , Burnett Arthur L 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Preserving the cavernous nerves, the main autonomic nerve supply of the penis, is a major challenge of radical prostatectomy. Cavernous nerve injury during radical prostatectomy predominantly accounts for post–radical prostatectomy erectile dysfunction. The cavernous nerve is a bilateral structure that branches in a weblike distribution over the prostate surface and varies anatomically in individuals, such that standard nerve-sparing methods do not sufficiently sustain penile erection ability. As a consequence, researchers have focused on developing personalized cavernous nerve mapping methods applied to the surgical procedure aiming to improve postoperative sexual function outcomes.

Objectives
We provide an updated overview of preclinical and clinical data of cavernous nerve mapping methods, emphasizing their strengths, limitations, and future directions.

Methods
A literature review was performed via Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar for studies that describe cavernous nerve mapping/localization.

Results
Several cavernous nerve mapping methods have been investigated based on various properties of the nerve structures including stimulation techniques, spectroscopy/imaging techniques, and assorted combinations of these methods. More recent methods have portrayed the course of the main cavernous nerve as well as its branches based on real-time mapping, high-resolution imaging, and functional imaging. However, each of these methods has distinctive limitations, including low spatial accuracy, lack of standardization for stimulation and response measurement, superficial imaging depth, toxicity risk, and lack of suitability for intraoperative use.

Conclusion
While various cavernous nerve mapping methods have provided improvements in identification and preservation of the cavernous nerve during radical prostatectomy, no method has been implemented in clinical practice due to their distinctive limitations. To overcome the limitations of existing cavernous nerve mapping methods, the development of new imaging techniques and mapping methods is in progress. There is a need for further research in this area to improve sexual function outcomes and quality of life after radical prostatectomy.
Using Radiomics to Differentiate Brain Metastases From Lung Cancer Versus Breast Cancer, Including Predicting Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor and human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2 Status
Authors: Shi Jiaxin , Chen Huanhuan , Wang Xiaoyu , Cao Ran , Chen Yu , Cheng Yuan , Pang Ziyan , Huang Chao 
Published: July 2023

Objective
We evaluated the feasibility of using multiregional radiomics to identify brain metastasis (BM) originating from lung adenocarcinoma (LA) and breast cancer (BC) and assess the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status.

Methods
Our experiment included 160 patients with BM originating from LA (n = 70), BC (n = 67), and other tumor types (n = 23), between November 2017 and December 2021. All patients underwent contrast-enhanced T1- and T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. A total of 1967 quantitative MRI features were calculated from the tumoral active area and peritumoral edema area and selected using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression with 5-fold cross-validation. We constructed radiomic signatures (RSs) based on the most predictive features for preoperative assessment of the metastatic origins, EGFR mutation, and HER2 status. Prediction performance of the constructed RSs was evaluated based on the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.

Results
The developed multiregion RSs generated good area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for identifying the LA and BC origin in the training (AUCs, RS-LA vs RS-BC, 0.767 vs 0.898) and validation (AUCs, RS-LA vs RS-BC, 0.778 and 0.843) cohort and for predicting the EGFR and HER2 status in the training (AUCs, RS-EGFR vs RS-HER2, 0.837 vs 0.894) and validation (AUCs, RS-EGFR vs RS-HER2, 0.729 vs 0.784) cohorts.

Conclusions
Our results revealed associations between brain MRI-based radiomics and their metastatic origins, EGFR mutations, and HER2 status. The developed multiregion combined RSs may be considered noninvasive predictive markers for planning early treatment for BM patients.
Radiogenomic Analysis of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Patients With Glioblastoma
Authors: Zheng Fei , Chen Baoshi , Zhang Lingling , Chen Hongyan , Zang Yuying , Chen Xuzhu , Li Yiming 
Published: July 2023

Objectives
This article aims to predict the presence of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression and to predict the expression level of VEGF by machine learning based on preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of glioblastoma (GBM).

Methods
We analyzed the axial T2-weighted images (T2WI) and T1-weighted contrast-enhancement images of preoperative MRI in 217 patients with pathologically diagnosed GBM. Patients were divided into negative and positive VEGF groups, with the latter group further subdivided into low and high expression. The machine learning models were established with the maximum relevance and minimum redundancy algorithm and the extreme gradient boosting classifier. The area under the receiver operating curve (AUC) and accuracy were calculated for the training and validation sets.

Results
Positive VEGF in GBM was 63.1% (137/217), with a high expression ratio of 53.3% (73/137). To predict the positive and negative VEGF expression, 7 radiomic features were selected, with 3 features from T1CE and 4 from T2WI. The accuracy and AUC were 0.83 and 0.81, respectively, in the training set and were 0.73 and 0.74, respectively, in the validation set. To predict high and low levels, 7 radiomic features were selected, with 2 from T1CE, 1 from T2WI, and 4 from the data combinations of T1CE and T2WI. The accuracy and AUC were 0.88 and 0.88, respectively, in the training set and were 0.72 and 0.72, respectively, in the validation set.

Conclusion
The VEGF expression status in GBM can be predicted using a machine learning model. Radiomic features resulting from data combinations of different MRI sequences could be helpful.
Experience-dependent plasticity of a highly specific olfactory circuit inDrosophila melanogaster
Authors: Fabian Benjamin , Grabe Veit , Beutel Rolf G. , Hansson Bill S. , Sachse Silke 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACTDrosophila melanogasterencounters a variety of odor cues signaling potentially harmful threats through-out its life, which are detected by highly specialized olfactory circuits enabling the animal to avoid them. We studied whether such crucial neuronal pathways are hard-wired or can be modulated by experience. Using long-term exposure to high concentrations of geosmin, an indicator of potentially lethal microorganisms, we demonstrate at the single-cell level that the underlying neuronal circuitry undergoes structural changes in the antennal lobe, while higher brain centers remain unaffected. In particular, second-order neurons show neurite extensions and synaptic remodeling after the exposure period, whereas olfactory sensory neurons and glia cells remain unaffected. Flies that were exposed to geosmin tolerate this innately aversive odorant in general choice and oviposition assays. We show that even a highly specific olfactory circuit is plastic and adaptable to environmental changes.HIGHLIGHTSThe highly specific geosmin circuit is modulated by experience-dependent plasticityPN dendritic extensions cause a volumetric increase of the geosmin-detecting glomerulusLNs are remodeled while OSNs and glia cells remain unaffected by long-term exposureFlies adapt their behavior to an odorant signaling a potential lethal threat
Flicker light stimulation induces thalamocortical hyperconnectivity with LGN and higher-order thalamic nuclei
Authors: Amaya Ioanna A. , Schmidt Marianna E. , Bartossek Marie T. , Kemmerer Johanna , Kirilina Evgeniya , Nierhaus Till , Schmidt Timo T. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe thalamus is primarily known as a relay for sensory information; however, it also critically contributes to higher-order cortical processing and coordination. Thalamocortical hyperconnectivity is associated with hallucinatory phenomena that occur in various psychopathologies (e.g., psychosis, migraine aura) and altered states of consciousness (ASC, e.g., induced by psychedelic drugs). However, the exact functional contribution of thalamocortical hyperconnectivity in forming hallucinatory experiences is unclear. Flicker light stimulation (FLS) can be used as an experimental tool to induce transient visual hallucinatory phenomena in healthy participants. Here, we use FLS in combination with fMRI to test how FLS modulates thalamocortical connectivity between specific thalamic nuclei and visual areas. We show that FLS induces thalamocortical hyperconnectivity between LGN, early visual areas and proximal upstream areas of ventral and dorsal visual streams (e.g., hV4, VO1, V3a). Further, an exploratory analysis indicates specific higher-order thalamic nuclei, such as anterior and mediodorsal nuclei, to be strongly affected by FLS. Here, the connectivity changes to upstream cortical visual areas directly reflect a frequency-dependent increase in experienced visual phenomena. Together these findings contribute to the identification of specific thalamocortical interactions in the emergence of visual hallucinations.HighlightsFlicker light stimulation (FLS) induces thalamocortical hyperconnectivity between the first-order thalamic LGN and early visual cortices, likely due to entrainment.Thalamocortical connectivity between LGN and upstream visual areas, but not V1, is associated with the intensity of visual hallucinations.Thalamocortical connectivity changes with higher-order thalamic nuclei, such as anterior and mediodorsal nuclei, show strongest modulation by flicker frequency, which corresponds to the intensity of visual hallucinations.