bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ti3C2Tx MXene with High Pseudocapacitive Activity and Large Potential Window in a Mild AlCl3 Aqueous Electrolyte
Authors: Xian Yongqiu , Wang Bin , Lin Zifeng 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMXenes have been extensively explored as supercapacitor electrodes, especially in acidic aqueous electrolytes, where ultrahigh specific capacitance can be achieved; however, their narrow working potential window (≤ 1.0 V) limits the acquisition of high energy. Neutral and alkaline electrolytes can be used to extend the working potential window but MXenes in these electrolytes are less pseudocapacitive active, which leads to reduced charge storage. In this study, it is shown that Ti3C2Tx MXene in a mild AlCl3 aqueous electrolyte can operate at a wide potential range from 0 to −1.3 V versus Hg/Hg2SO4 and retain high pseudocapacitive activity. Thus, a high capacity of up to 85 mAh g−1 is achieved, surpassing its performance in H2SO4 electrolyte of 78 mAh g−1. More interestingly, most of the capacity is released at a more negative potential range than that in acidic electrolytes, making it more suitable as a negative electrode material. In situ electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance results suggest that the high capacity originates from the pseudocapacitive intercalation/deintercalation of H+ instead of Al3+, providing the possibility of coupling MXene anodes with proton redox active cathodes to achieve high‐energy and high‐power devices.
A layered metal‐organic framework with acidic sites as a multiphase catalyst for Knoevenagel condensation
Authors: Lin Wenxin , Chen Ke , Lu Wenwen , Ma Xiaomin , Chen Fengfeng , Xu Feng , Li Yuanqiang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA layered metal‐organic framework Zn‐TPN was designed and fabricated by solvothermal reaction. The crystal structure was a lamellar structure, and the unique coordination pattern provided Lewis acid sites that could be employed as efficient catalytic sites. Zn‐TPN displayed a satisfactory catalytic effect for Knoevenagel condensation of malononitrile and benzaldehyde. At 75 °C, the conversion rate reached 96.96 % basing on the acidic sites after 1 hour, and it showed ideal catalytic activities for Knoevenagel condensation containing various aldehydes. Zn‐TPN could be utilized as a promising heterogeneous catalyst for Knoevenagel condensation.
An integrable road to a perturbative plateau
Authors: Blommaert Andreas , Kruthoff Jorrit , Yao Shunyu 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
As has been known since the 90s, there is an integrable structure underlying two-dimensional gravity theories. Recently, two-dimensional gravity theories have regained an enormous amount of attention, but now in relation with quantum chaos — superficially nothing like integrability. In this paper, we return to the roots and exploit the integrable structure underlying dilaton gravity theories to study a late time, large eSBH double scaled limit of the spectral form factor. In this limit, a novel cancellation due to the integrable structure ensures that at each genus g the spectral form factor grows like T2g+1, and that the sum over genera converges, realising a perturbative approach to the late-time plateau. Along the way, we clarify various aspects of this integrable structure. In particular, we explain the central role played by ribbon graphs, we discuss intersection theory, and we explain what the relations with dilaton gravity and matrix models are from a more modern holographic perspective.
Missing corner in the sky: massless three-point celestial amplitudes
Authors: Chang Chi-Ming , Ma Wen-Jie 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We present the first computation of three-point celestial amplitudes in Minkowski space of massless scalars, photons, gluons, and gravitons. Such amplitudes were previously considered to be zero in the literature because the corresponding scattering amplitudes in the plane wave basis vanish for generic momenta due to momentum conservation. However, the delta function for the momentum conservation has support in the soft and colinear regions, and contributes to the Mellin and shadow integrals that give non-zero celestial amplitudes. We further show that when expanding in the (shadow) conformal basis for the incoming (outgoing) particle wave functions, the amplitudes take the standard form of correlators in two-dimensional conformal field theory. In particular, the three-point celestial gluon amplitudes take the form of a three-point function of a spin-one current with two spin-one primary operators, which strongly supports the relation between soft spinning particles and conserved currents. Moreover, the three-point celestial amplitudes of one graviton and two massless scalars take the form of a correlation function involving a primary operator of conformal weight one and spin two, whose level-one descendent is the supertranslation current.
Early ACL reconstruction shows an improved recovery of isokinetic thigh muscle strength compared to delayed or chronic cases
Authors: Wenning Markus , Mauch Marlene , Heitner Albrecht H. , Bode Gerrit , Sofack Ghislain , Ritzmann Ramona 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Introduction
The recovery of periarticular strength is a major criterion in return-to-play testing. The rationale of the study was to assess the impact of the delay of surgery (∆ between injury and surgery) on knee extensor and knee flexor strength of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)-deficient patients six months after reconstruction.

Materials and methods
In a retrospective cohort study, all patients with ACL ruptures between 03/2015 and 12/2019 were analyzed. Inclusion criteria were isolated ACL rupture without any associated lesions undergoing a reconstruction using ipsilateral hamstring tendon autograft and adherence to isokinetic strength testing before and at 5–7 months postoperatively. These patients were then clustered into three groups: EARLY reconstruction (∆ < 42 days), DELAYED reconstruction (∆42-180d), and CHRONIC (∆ > 180d). Knee extensor and flexor strength of the ipsi- and contralateral leg were analyzed by concentric isokinetic measurement (60°/s). Primary outcomes were the maximal knee extension and flexion torque, hamstrings-to-quadriceps ratio (H/Q) ratio), and the corresponding limb symmetry indices.

Results
n = 444 patients met the inclusion criteria. From EARLY to DELAYED to CHRONIC, a progressive reduction in postoperative strength performance was observed in knee extension (1.65 ± 0.45 to 1.62 ± 0.52 to 1.51 ± 0.5 Nm/kg resp.) and flexion (1.22 ± 0.29 to 1.18 ± 0.3 to 1.13 ± 0.31 Nm/kg resp.) strength on the ACL reconstructed leg. This general loss in periarticular strength was already apparent in the preoperative performance even on the healthy side. When controlling for the preoperative performance using ANCOVA analysis, EARLY performed significantly better than DELAYED (extension p = 0.001, flexion p = .02) and CHRONIC (extension p = 0.005, flexion p < 0.001). Also, there were significantly higher values for H/Q ratio in the injured leg across all groups where the H/Q ratio increased from EARLY to CHRONIC and from pre- to postoperative values.

Conclusions
With respect to the force generating capacity when returning-to-play, it is advantageous to seek for an early ACL reconstruction within the first 12 weeks after the injury. The increasing loss of thigh muscle strength observed in delayed or chronic cases affects the injured and also the non-injured leg.

Level of Evidence
III, retrospective cohort study.
Nitrazepam and 7-aminonitrazepam studied at the macroscopic and microscopic electrified liquid-liquid interface
Authors: Stelmaszczyk Paweł , Kwaczyński Karolina , Rudnicki Konrad , Skrzypek Sławomira , Wietecha-Posłuszny Renata , Poltorak Lukasz 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTwo benzodiazepine type drugs, that is, nitrazepam and 7-aminonitrazepam, were studied at the electrified liquid-liquid interface (eLLI). Both drugs are illicit and act sedative in the human body and moreover are used as date rape drugs. Existence of the diazepine ring in the concerned chemicals structure and one additional amine group (for 7-aminonitrazepam) allows for the molecular charging below their pKa values, and hence, both drugs can cross the eLLI interface upon application of the appropriate value of the Galvani potential difference. Chosen molecules were studied at the macroscopic eLLI formed in the four electrode cell and microscopic eLLI formed within a microtip defined as the single pore having 25 μm in diameter. Microscopic eLLI was formed using only a few μL of the organic and the aqueous phase with the help of a 3D printed cell. Parameters such as limit of detection and voltammetric detection sensitivity are derived from the experimental data. Developed methodology was used to detect nitrazepam in pharmaceutical formulation and both drugs (nitrazepam and 7-aminonitrazepam) in spiked biological fluids (urine and blood).
Graphical abstract
Schulische Inklusion in Österreich
Authors: Biewer Gottfried 
Published: April 2023

ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag zur schulischen Inklusion in Österreich versucht, eine Bestandsaufnahme zum schulischen Sektor zu machen, gleichzeitig aber auch Punkte zu benennen, die für künftige Entwicklungen relevant sein können. Das 1993 eingeführte Elternwahlrecht für Kinder mit sonderpädagogischem Förderbedarf ermöglicht die Wahl zwischen integrativer und Sonderbeschulung, wobei sich beide Systeme die Waage halten. Da die UN-Behindertenrechtskonvention die Einführung inklusiver Strukturen empfiehlt, wurden Maßnahmen zur Förderung des inklusiven Unterrichts in den Nationalen Aktionsplan aufgenommen, bisher aber nur halbherzig und in geringem Ausmaß umgesetzt. Umgesetzt wurde aber die Reform der Lehrer*innenbildung mit einem Schwerpunkt Inklusive Pädagogik. Was fehlt, sind die ministeriellen Steuerungsmaßnahmen.
Novel pyrazolothienopyridinones as potential GABAA receptor modulators
Authors: Vega Alanis Blanca Angelica , Wimmer Laurin , Ernst Margot , Schnürch Michael , Mihovilovic Marko D. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe synthesis of novel pyrazolothienopyridinone derivatives as potential GABAA receptor modulators was performed and is herein described. A crucial step of the synthesis involving handling unstable aminothiophenes was managed via two different synthetic strategies delivering a set of 8 target compounds.
Graphical abstract
Pointing in the third-person: an exploration of human motion and visual pointing aids for 3D virtual mirrors
Authors: Woodworth Jason W. , Borst Christoph W. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA “virtual mirror” is a promising interface for virtual or augmented reality applications in which users benefit from seeing themselves within the environment, such as serious games for rehabilitation exercise or biological education. While there is extensive work analyzing pointing and providing assistance for first-person perspectives, mirrored third-person perspectives have been minimally considered, limiting the quality of user interactions in current virtual mirror applications. We address this gap with two user studies aimed at understanding pointing motions with a mirror view and assessing visual cues that assist pointing. An initial two-phase preliminary study had users tune and test nine different visual aids. This was followed by in-depth testing of the best four of those visual aids compared with unaided pointing. Results give insight into both aided and unaided pointing with this mirrored third-person view, and compare visual cues. We note a pattern of consistently pointing far in front of targets when first introduced to the pointing task, but that initial unaided motion improves after practice with visual aids. We found that the presence of stereoscopy is not sufficient for enhancing accuracy, supporting the use of other visual cues that we developed. We show that users perform pointing differently when pointing behind and in front of themselves. We finally suggest which visual aids are most promising for 3D pointing in virtual mirror interfaces.
Dauer larva-derived extracellular vesicles extend the life of Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Ma Jing , Wang Yi-ting , Chen Ling-hui , Yang Bang-ya , Jiang Yong-zhu , Wang Lan-xi , Chen Zhi-qi , Ma Guan-rong , Fang Liao-qiong , Wang Zhi-biao 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThere is growing evidence that extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a functional role in tissue repair and anti-aging by transferring the contents of donor cells to recipient cells. We hypothesized that Dauer (C. elegans), known as “ageless” nematodes, can also secrete extracellular vesicles and influence the lifespan of C. elegans. Here, we isolated EVs of dauer larvae (dauer EVs). Dauer EVs were characterized using transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), and Western blot analysis. Wild-type C. elegans were fed in the presence or absence of dauer EVs and tested for a range of phenotypes, including longevity, mobility and reproductive capacity. Results showed that dauer EVs increased the average lifespan of nematodes by 15.74%, improved mobility, slowed age-related pigmentation as well as body length, and reduced the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and lipids, while not impairing nematode reproductive capacity. These findings suggest that dauer EVs can extend the lifespan of C. elegans as well as the healthy lifespan by reducing ROS accumulation, with potential anti-aging capacity.
On numerical methods for the semi-nonrelativistic limit system of the nonlinear Dirac equation
Authors: Jahnke Tobias , Kirn Michael 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSolving the nonlinear Dirac equation in the nonrelativistic limit regime numerically is difficult, because the solution oscillates in time with frequency of $${\mathscr {O}} \! \left( \varepsilon ^{-2}\right) $$

O

ε

-
2

, where $$0<\varepsilon \ll 1$$

0
<
ε
≪
1

is inversely proportional to the speed of light. Yongyong Cai and Yan Wang have shown, however, that such solutions can be approximated up to an error of $${\mathscr {O}} \! \left( \varepsilon ^2\right) $$

O

ε
2

by solving the semi-nonrelativistic limit system, which is a non-oscillatory problem. For this system, we construct a two-step method, called the explicit exponential midpoint rule, and prove second-order convergence of the semi-discretization in time. Furthermore, we construct a benchmark method based on standard techniques and compare the efficiency of both methods. Numerical experiments show that the new integrator reduces the computational costs per time step to 40% and within a given runtime improves the accuracy significantly.
Structure, magnetic, and photocatalysis of La0.7Sr0.3MO3 (M = Mn, Co, and Fe) perovskite nanoparticles: Novel photocatalytic materials
Authors: Ghozza Mohamed H. , Yahia Ibrahim S. , Hussien Mai S. A. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The present study, La0.7Sr0.3MO3 (M = Mn-, Co-, and Fe-), perovskite, has successfully been synthesized via co-precipitation and sol–gel auto-combustion. XRD, SEM, and EDX characterized the prepared samples. XRD and SEM showed that the as-prepared La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 and La0.7Sr0.3CoO3 have multiphase. La0.7Sr0.3FeO3, in comparison, is nanosized, has a single-phase perovskite, and has a rather homogenous particle size distribution. Additionally, EDX mapping analysis shows that all pieces are distributed uniformly. According to X-ray diffractometer results, all calcined powders contain 100% LSF, more than 15% perovskite phase of LSC, 47% LSM, and other secondary phases, such as cobalt oxide. Aِt room temperature and magnetic field of ± 20 kG, La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 exhibited weak ferromagnetic behavior in a low magnetic field, whereas diamagnetic behavior was seen in a high magnetic field. La0.7Sr0.3FeO3 samples behave as strong ferromagnetic. On the contrary, the photodegradation of La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 is 99% compared to 75% and 91% for other samples under UVC lights of wavelength = 254 nm. The degradation rate for La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 is 0.179 higher, about 3.25 and 2.23, than the other samples. A La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 nanocomposite performs as a photocatalyst to enhance the efficiency of methylene blue photodegradation. This study boosts good UVC photocatalysts with high efficiency for different kinds of dyes. Hence, the catalyst possessed high stability and efficiency for continuous wastewater treatment.
Plasma metabolomic signatures of dual decline in memory and gait in older adults
Authors: Tian Qu , Shardell Michelle D. , Kuo Pei-Lun , Tanaka Toshiko , Simonsick Eleanor M. , Moaddel Ruin , Resnick Susan M. , Ferrucci Luigi 
Published: April 2023

AbstractOlder adults experiencing dual decline in memory and gait have greater dementia risk than those with memory or gait decline only, but mechanisms are unknown. Dual decline may indicate specific pathophysiological pathways to dementia which can be reflected by circulating metabolites. We compared longitudinal changes in plasma metabolite biomarkers of older adults with and without dual decline in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (BLSA). Participants were grouped into 4 phenotypes based on annual rates of decline in verbal memory and gait speed: no decline in memory or gait, memory decline only, gait decline only, and dual decline. Repeated measures of plasma metabolomics were measured by biocrates p500 kit during the same time of memory and gait assessments. In BLSA, 18 metabolites differed across groups (q-value < 0.05). Metabolites differentially abundant were enriched for lysophosphatidylcholines (lysoPC C18:0,C16:0,C17:0,C18:1,C18:2), ceramides (d18:2/24:0,d16:1/24:0,d16:1/23:0), and amino acids (glycine) classes. Compared to no decline, the dual decline group showed greater declines in lysoPC C18:0, homoarginine synthesis, and the metabolite module containing mostly triglycerides, and showed a greater increase in indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) activity. Metabolites distinguishing dual decline and no decline groups were implicated in metabolic pathways of the aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis, histidine metabolism, and sphingolipid metabolism. Older adults with dual decline exhibit the most extensive alterations in metabolic profiling of lysoPCs, ceramides, IDO activity, and homoarginine synthesis. Alterations in these metabolites may indicate mitochondrial dysfunction, compromised immunity, and elevated burden of cardiovascular and kidney pathology.
GPU-based parallelisation of a versatile video coding adaptive loop filter in resource-constrained heterogeneous embedded platform
Authors: Saha Anup , Roma Nuno , Chavarrías Miguel , Dias Tiago , Pescador Fernando , Aranda Víctor 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis paper presents a GPU-based parallelisation of an optimised versatile video decoder (VVC) adaptive loop filter (ALF) filter on a resource-constrained heterogeneous platform. The GPU has been comprehensively utilised to maximise the degree of parallelism, making the programme capable of exploiting the GPU capabilities. The proposed approach enables to accelerate the ALF computation by an average of two times when compared to an already fully optimised version of the software decoder implementation over an embedded platform. Finally, this work presents an analysis of energy consumption, showing that the proposed methodology has a negligible impact on this key parameter.
An anthropological point of view: exploring the Chinese and Japanese issues of translation about teaching resources
Authors: Wang Chongyang , Shinno Yusuke , Xu Binyan , Miyakawa Takeshi 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe aim of this study is to advance understading of teachers’ and researchers’ work, in particular its cultural specificities, from a resource perspective by exploring the issues and challenges faced during the translation of a theoretical framework, the Documentational Approach to Didactics (DAD), from Western (English and French) to East Asian languages (Chinese and Japanese). A basic assumption is that the challenges encountered while translating are driven by the cultural and linguistic differences that exist between the West and East. Adopting the perspective of the Anthropological Theory of the Didactic (ATD), we frame the translation work as a transposition process of research praxeology (a model of the researchers’ practices and knowledge) from a Western to an Eastern institution. We investigate this process to identify cultural elements at different levels (school, society, civilization, etc.) using the ATD framework. After translating a DAD article into Chinese and Japanese separately, we then worked collaboratively to identify similar or diverse translation issues and investigated their origins. Consequently, the results revealed a considerable difference between the West and East, and ample similarities between China and Japan, especially in terms of the researchers’ work and its relationship with the teachers’ work.
InterLINCing Chromatin Organization and Mechanobiology in Laminopathies
Authors: Shah Parisha P. , Santini Garrett T. , Shen Kaitlyn M. , Jain Rajan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose of review
In this review, we explore the chromatin-related consequences of laminopathy-linked mutations through the lens of mechanotransduction.

Recent findings
Multiple studies have highlighted the role of the nuclear lamina in maintaining the integrity of the nucleus. The lamina also has a critical role in 3D genome organization. Mutations in lamina proteins associated with various laminopathies result in the loss of organization of DNA at the nuclear periphery. However, it remains unclear if or how these two aspects of lamin function are connected. Recent data suggests that unlinking the cytoskeleton from the nuclear lamina may be beneficial to slow progress of deleterious phenotypes observed in laminopathies.

Summary
In this review, we highlight emerging data that suggest interlinked chromatin- and mechanical biology-related pathways are interconnected in the pathogenesis of laminopathies.
The Influence of Case Characteristics, Attitude, and Affect on Citizens’ Willingness to Help Search for a Missing Person
Authors: Lam Jerôme , Kop Nicolien , Kerstholt José 
Published: April 2023

AbstractNot all missing persons are treated equally. Research shows that certain types of victims are overrepresented in the media, but it is not clear whether these patterns also reflect differences in people’s propensity to help certain types of victims. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine whether the characteristics of a missing person’s case influence respondents’ willingness to help find the missing person. Using a 2 × 2 × 2 vignette study (N = 675), gender (male/female) and background of a missing person (western/non-western) and police involvement (yes/no) were manipulated to test respondents’ subsequent willingness to search. We further examined the influence of two-person specific factors among potential searchers: the respondent’s attitude toward searching and levels of perceived positive and negative affect. This study found that, despite a small but significant effect of gender, respondents’ intention to search is primarily determined by affect and attitude, with the former having relatively the strongest influence. Of the two affective states, positive affect had the strongest effect, about twice that of negative affect. Affect not only fully mediated the effects of gender on intention, but also had an independent influence on willingness to help that exceeded the indirect effect of gender. Therefore, it can be concluded that willingness to help find someone depends primarily on the (positive) affective state of the potential searcher than on specific characteristics of the missing person case or considerations regarding the search itself. The study has important practical implications for engaging citizens in missing persons cases.