bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A specific G9a inhibitor unveils BGLT3 lncRNA as a universal mediator of chemically induced fetal globin gene expression
Authors: Takase Shohei , Hiroyama Takashi , Shirai Fumiyuki , Maemoto Yuki , Nakata Akiko , Arata Mayumi , Matsuoka Seiji , Sonoda Takeshi , Niwa Hideaki , Sato Shin , Umehara Takashi , Shirouzu Mikako , Nishigaya Yosuke , Sumiya Tatsunobu , Hashimoto Noriaki , Namie Ryosuke , Usui Masaya , Ohishi Tomokazu , Ohba Shun-ichi , Kawada Manabu , Hayashi Yoshihiro , Harada Hironori , Yamaguchi Tokio , Shinkai Yoichi , Nakamura Yukio , Yoshida Minoru , Ito Akihiro 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSickle cell disease (SCD) is a heritable disorder caused by β-globin gene mutations. Induction of fetal γ-globin is an established therapeutic strategy. Recently, epigenetic modulators, including G9a inhibitors, have been proposed as therapeutic agents. However, the molecular mechanisms whereby these small molecules reactivate γ-globin remain unclear. Here we report the development of a highly selective and non-genotoxic G9a inhibitor, RK-701. RK-701 treatment induces fetal globin expression both in human erythroid cells and in mice. Using RK-701, we find that BGLT3 long non-coding RNA plays an essential role in γ-globin induction. RK-701 selectively upregulates BGLT3 by inhibiting the recruitment of two major γ-globin repressors in complex with G9a onto the BGLT3 gene locus through CHD4, a component of the NuRD complex. Remarkably, BGLT3 is indispensable for γ-globin induction by not only RK-701 but also hydroxyurea and other inducers. The universal role of BGLT3 in γ-globin induction suggests its importance in SCD treatment.
Solid state ionics enabled ultra-sensitive detection of thermal trace with 0.001K resolution in deep sea
Authors: Zhang Yucheng , Ye Dekai , Li Mengxue , Zhang Xi , Di Chong-an , Wang Chao 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe deep sea remains the largest uncharted territory on Earth because it’s eternally dark under high pressure and the saltwater is corrosive and conductive. The harsh environment poses great difficulties for the durability of the sensing method and the device. Sea creatures like sharks adopt an elegant way to detect objects by the tiny temperature differences in the seawater medium using their extremely thermo-sensitive thermoelectric sensory organ on the nose. Inspired by shark noses, we designed and developed an elastic, self-healable and extremely sensitive thermal sensor which can identify a temperature difference as low as 0.01 K with a resolution of 0.001 K. The sensor can work reliably in seawater or under a pressure of 110 MPa without any encapsulation. Using the integrated temperature sensor arrays, we have constructed a model of an effective deep water mapping and detection device.
Programmable frequency-bin quantum states in a nano-engineered silicon device
Authors: Clementi Marco , Sabattoli Federico Andrea , Borghi Massimo , Gianini Linda , Tagliavacche Noemi , El Dirani Houssein , Youssef Laurene , Bergamasco Nicola , Petit-Etienne Camille , Pargon Erwine , Sipe J. E. , Liscidini Marco , Sciancalepore Corrado , Galli Matteo , Bajoni Daniele 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPhotonic qubits should be controllable on-chip and noise-tolerant when transmitted over optical networks for practical applications. Furthermore, qubit sources should be programmable and have high brightness to be useful for quantum algorithms and grant resilience to losses. However, widespread encoding schemes only combine at most two of these properties. Here, we overcome this hurdle by demonstrating a programmable silicon nano-photonic chip generating frequency-bin entangled photons, an encoding scheme compatible with long-range transmission over optical links. The emitted quantum states can be manipulated using existing telecommunication components, including active devices that can be integrated in silicon photonics. As a demonstration, we show our chip can be programmed to generate the four computational basis states, and the four maximally-entangled Bell states, of a two-qubits system. Our device combines all the key properties of on-chip state reconfigurability and dense integration, while ensuring high brightness, fidelity, and purity.
Gas induced formation of inactive Li in rechargeable lithium metal batteries
Authors: Xiang Yuxuan , Tao Mingming , Chen Xiaoxuan , Shan Peizhao , Zhao Danhui , Wu Jue , Lin Min , Liu Xiangsi , He Huajin , Zhao Weimin , Hu Yonggang , Chen Junning , Wang Yuexing , Yang Yong 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe formation of inactive lithium by side reactions with liquid electrolyte contributes to cell failure of lithium metal batteries. To inhibit the formation and growth of inactive lithium, further understanding of the formation mechanisms and composition of inactive lithium are needed. Here we study the impact of gas producing reactions on the formation of inactive lithium using ethylene carbonate as a case study. Ethylene carbonate is a common electrolyte component used with graphite-based anodes but is incompatible with Li metal anodes. Using mass spectrometry titrations combined with 13C and 2H isotopic labeling, we reveal that ethylene carbonate decomposition continuously releases ethylene gas, which further reacts with lithium metal to form the electrochemically inactive species LiH and Li2C2. In addition, phase-field simulations suggest the non-ionically conducting gaseous species could result in an uneven distribution of lithium ions, detrimentally enhancing the formation of dendrites and dead Li. By optimizing the electrolyte composition, we selectively suppress the formation of ethylene gas to limit the formation of LiH and Li2C2 for both Li metal and graphite-based anodes.
Pt nanoclusters on GaN nanowires for solar-asssisted seawater hydrogen evolution
Authors: Dong Wan Jae , Xiao Yixin , Yang Ke R. , Ye Zhengwei , Zhou Peng , Navid Ishtiaque Ahmed , Batista Victor S. , Mi Zetian 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSeawater electrolysis provides a viable method to produce clean hydrogen fuel. To date, however, the realization of high performance photocathodes for seawater hydrogen evolution reaction has remained challenging. Here, we introduce n+-p Si photocathodes with dramatically improved activity and stability for hydrogen evolution reaction in seawater, modified by Pt nanoclusters anchored on GaN nanowires. We find that Pt-Ga sites at the Pt/GaN interface promote the dissociation of water molecules and spilling H* over to neighboring Pt atoms for efficient H2 production. Pt/GaN/Si photocathodes achieve a current density of −10 mA/cm2 at 0.15 and 0.39 V vs. RHE and high applied bias photon-to-current efficiency of 1.7% and 7.9% in seawater (pH = 8.2) and phosphate-buffered seawater (pH = 7.4), respectively. We further demonstrate a record-high photocurrent density of ~169 mA/cm2 under concentrated solar light (9 suns). Moreover, Pt/GaN/Si can continuously produce H2 even under dark conditions by simply switching the electrical contact. This work provides valuable guidelines to design an efficient, stable, and energy-saving electrode for H2 generation by seawater splitting.
Effect of β2-agonist treatment on insulin-stimulated peripheral glucose disposal in healthy men in a randomised placebo-controlled trial
Authors: van Beek Sten M. M. , Bruls Yvonne M. H. , Vanweert Froukje , Fealy Ciarán E. , Connell Niels J. , Schaart Gert , Moonen-Kornips Esther , Jörgensen Johanna A. , Vaz Frédéric M. , Smeets Ellen T. H. C. , Joris Peter J. , Gemmink Anne , Houtkooper Riekelt H. , Hesselink Matthijs K. C. , Bengtsson Tore , Havekes Bas , Schrauwen Patrick , Hoeks Joris 
Published: January 2023

Abstractβ2-agonist treatment improves skeletal muscle glucose uptake and whole-body glucose homeostasis in rodents, likely via mTORC2-mediated signalling. However, human data on this topic is virtually absent. We here investigate the effects of two-weeks treatment with the β2-agonist clenbuterol (40 µg/day) on glucose control as well as energy- and substrate metabolism in healthy young men (age: 18-30 years, BMI: 20-25 kg/m2) in a randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blinded, cross-over study (ClinicalTrials.gov-identifier: NCT03800290). Randomisation occurred by controlled randomisation and the final allocation sequence was seven (period 1: clenbuterol, period 2: placebo) to four (period 1: placebo, period 2: clenbuterol). The primary and secondary outcome were peripheral insulin-stimulated glucose disposal and skeletal muscle GLUT4 translocation, respectively. Primary analyses were performed on eleven participants. No serious adverse events were reported. The study was performed at Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands, between August 2019 and April 2021. Clenbuterol treatment improved peripheral insulin-stimulated glucose disposal by 13% (46.6 ± 3.5 versus 41.2 ± 2.7 µmol/kg/min, p = 0.032), whereas skeletal muscle GLUT4 translocation assessed in overnight fasted muscle biopsies remained unaffected. These results highlight the potential of β2-agonist treatment in improving skeletal muscle glucose uptake and underscore the therapeutic value of this pathway for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. However, given the well-known (cardiovascular) side-effects of systemic β2-agonist treatment, further exploration on the underlying mechanisms is needed to identify viable therapeutic targets.
2D conjugated microporous polyacetylenes synthesized via halogen-bond-assisted radical solid-phase polymerization for high-performance metal-ion absorbents
Authors: Le Hong Tho , Wang Chen-Gang , Goto Atsushi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe paper reports the first free-radical solid-phase polymerization (SPP) of acetylenes. Acetylene monomers were co-crystalized using halogen bonding, and the obtained cocrystals were polymerized. Notably, because of the alignment of acetylene monomers in the cocrystals, the adjacent C≡C groups were close enough to undergo radical polymerization effectively, enabling the radically low-reactive acetylene monomers to generate high-molecular-weight polyacetylenes that are unattainable in solution-phase radical polymerizations. Furthermore, the SPP of a crosslinkable diacetylene monomer yielded networked two-dimensional conjugated microporous polymers (2D CMPs), where 2D porous polyacetylene nanosheets were cumulated in layer-by-layer manners. Because of the porous structures, the obtained 2D CMPs worked as highly efficient and selective adsorbents of lithium (Li+) and boronium (B3+) ions, adsorbing up to 312 mg of Li+ (31.2 wt%) and 196 mg of B3+ (19.6 wt%) per 1 g of CMP. This Li+ adsorption capacity is the highest ever record in the area of Li+ adsorption.
Effectiveness of mRNA-1273 vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 omicron subvariants BA.1, BA.2, BA.2.12.1, BA.4, and BA.5
Authors: Tseng Hung Fu , Ackerson Bradley K. , Bruxvoort Katia J. , Sy Lina S. , Tubert Julia E. , Lee Gina S. , Ku Jennifer H. , Florea Ana , Luo Yi , Qiu Sijia , Choi Soon Kyu , Takhar Harpreet S. , Aragones Michael , Paila Yamuna D. , Chavers Scott , Talarico Carla A. , Qian Lei 
Published: January 2023

AbstractStudies have reported reduced natural SARS-CoV-2 infection- and vaccine-induced neutralization against omicron BA.4/BA.5 compared with earlier omicron subvariants. This test-negative case–control study evaluates mRNA-1273 vaccine effectiveness (VE) against infection and hospitalization with omicron subvariants. The study includes 30,809 SARS-CoV-2 positive and 92,427 SARS-CoV-2 negative individuals aged ≥18 years tested during 1/1/2022-6/30/2022. While 3-dose VE against BA.1 infection is high and wanes slowly, VE against BA.2, BA.2.12.1, BA.4, and BA.5 infection is initially moderate to high (61.0%-90.6% 14-30 days post third dose) and wanes rapidly. The 4-dose VE against infection with BA.2, BA.2.12.1, and BA.4 ranges between 64.3%-75.7%, and is low (30.8%) against BA.5 14-30 days post fourth dose, disappearing beyond 90 days for all subvariants. The 3-dose VE against hospitalization for BA.1, BA.2, and BA.4/BA.5 is 97.5%, 82.0%, and 72.4%, respectively; 4-dose VE against hospitalization for BA.4/BA.5 is 88.5%. Evaluation of the updated bivalent booster is warranted.
Metal single-site catalyst design for electrocatalytic production of hydrogen peroxide at industrial-relevant currents
Authors: Cao Peike , Quan Xie , Nie Xiaowa , Zhao Kun , Liu Yanming , Chen Shuo , Yu Hongtao , Chen Jingguang G. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDirect hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) electrosynthesis via the two-electron oxygen reduction reaction is a sustainable alternative to the traditional energy-intensive anthraquinone technology. However, high-performance and scalable electrocatalysts with industrial-relevant production rates remain to be challenging, partially due to insufficient atomic level understanding in catalyst design. Here we utilize theoretical approaches to identify transition-metal single-site catalysts for two-electron oxygen reduction using the *OOH binding energy as a descriptor. The theoretical predictions are then used as guidance to synthesize the desired cobalt single-site catalyst with a O-modified Co-(pyrrolic N)4configuration that can achieve industrial-relevant current densities up to 300 mA cm−2with 96–100% Faradaic efficiencies for H2O2production at a record rate of 11,527 mmol h−1 gcat−1. Here, we show the feasibility and versatility of metal single-site catalyst design using various commercial carbon and cobalt phthalocyanine as starting materials and the high applicability for H2O2electrosynthesis in acidic, neutral and alkaline electrolytes.
Absence of a pressure gap and atomistic mechanism of the oxidation of pure Co nanoparticles
Authors: Vijayakumar Jaianth , Savchenko Tatiana M. , Bracher David M. , Lumbeeck Gunnar , Béché Armand , Verbeeck Jo , Vajda Štefan , Nolting Frithjof , Vaz C.A.F. , Kleibert Armin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractUnderstanding chemical reactivity and magnetism of 3d transition metal nanoparticles is of fundamental interest for applications in fields ranging from spintronics to catalysis. Here, we present an atomistic picture of the early stage of the oxidation mechanism and its impact on the magnetism of Co nanoparticles. Our experiments reveal a two-step process characterized by (i) the initial formation of small CoO crystallites across the nanoparticle surface, until their coalescence leads to structural completion of the oxide shell passivating the metallic core; (ii) progressive conversion of the CoO shell to Co3O4 and void formation due to the nanoscale Kirkendall effect. The Co nanoparticles remain highly reactive toward oxygen during phase (i), demonstrating the absence of a pressure gap whereby a low reactivity at low pressures is postulated. Our results provide an important benchmark for the development of theoretical models for the chemical reactivity in catalysis and magnetism during metal oxidation at the nanoscale.
Self-vectoring electromagnetic soft robots with high operational dimensionality
Authors: Li Wenbo , Chen Huyue , Yi Zhiran , Fang Fuyi , Guo Xinyu , Wu Zhiyuan , Gao Qiuhua , Shao Lei , Xu Jian , Meng Guang , Zhang Wenming 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSoft robots capable of flexible deformations and agile locomotion similar to biological systems are highly desirable for promising applications, including safe human-robot interactions and biomedical engineering. Their achievable degree of freedom and motional deftness are limited by the actuation modes and controllable dimensions of constituent soft actuators. Here, we report self-vectoring electromagnetic soft robots (SESRs) to offer new operational dimensionality via actively and instantly adjusting and synthesizing the interior electromagnetic vectors (EVs) in every flux actuator sub-domain of the robots. As a result, we can achieve high-dimensional operation with fewer actuators and control signals than other actuation methods. We also demonstrate complex and rapid 3D shape morphing, bioinspired multimodal locomotion, as well as fast switches among different locomotion modes all in passive magnetic fields. The intrinsic fast (re)programmability of SESRs, along with the active and selective actuation through self-vectoring control, significantly increases the operational dimensionality and possibilities for soft robots.
Recent waning snowpack in the Alps is unprecedented in the last six centuries
Authors: Carrer Marco , Dibona Raffaella , Prendin Angela Luisa , Brunetti Michele 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSnow cover in high-latitude and high-altitude regions has strong effects on the Earth’s climate, environmental processes and socio-economic activities. Over the last 50 years, the Alps experienced a 5.6% reduction per decade in snow cover duration, which already affects a region where economy and culture revolve, to a large extent, around winter. Here we present evidence from 572 ring-width series extracted from a prostrate shrub (Juniperus communis L.) growing at high elevation in the Val Ventina, Italy. These ring-width records show that the duration of current snowpack cover is 36 days shorter than the long-term mean, a decline that is unprecedented over the last six centuries. These findings highlight the urgent need to develop adaptation strategies for some of the most sensitive environmental and socio-economic sectors in this region.
Macroscopic quorum sensing sustains differentiating embryonic stem cells
Authors: Daneshpour Hirad , van den Bersselaar Pim , Chao Chun-Hao , Fazzio Thomas G. , Youk Hyun 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCells can secrete molecules that help each other’s replication. In cell cultures, chemical signals might diffuse only within a cell colony or between colonies. A chemical signal’s interaction length—how far apart interacting cells are—is often assumed to be some value without rigorous justifications because molecules’ invisible paths and complex multicellular geometries pose challenges. Here we present an approach, combining mathematical models and experiments, for determining a chemical signal’s interaction length. With murine embryonic stem (ES) cells as a testbed, we found that differentiating ES cells secrete FGF4, among others, to communicate over many millimeters in cell culture dishes and, thereby, form a spatially extended, macroscopic entity that grows only if its centimeter-scale population density is above a threshold value. With this ‘macroscopic quorum sensing’, an isolated macroscopic, but not isolated microscopic, colony can survive differentiation. Our integrated approach can determine chemical signals’ interaction lengths in generic multicellular communities.
The Dresden Surgical Anatomy Dataset for Abdominal Organ Segmentation in Surgical Data Science
Authors: Carstens Matthias , Rinner Franziska M. , Bodenstedt Sebastian , Jenke Alexander C. , Weitz Jürgen , Distler Marius , Speidel Stefanie , Kolbinger Fiona R. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractLaparoscopy is an imaging technique that enables minimally-invasive procedures in various medical disciplines including abdominal surgery, gynaecology and urology. To date, publicly available laparoscopic image datasets are mostly limited to general classifications of data, semantic segmentations of surgical instruments and low-volume weak annotations of specific abdominal organs. The Dresden Surgical Anatomy Dataset provides semantic segmentations of eight abdominal organs (colon, liver, pancreas, small intestine, spleen, stomach, ureter, vesicular glands), the abdominal wall and two vessel structures (inferior mesenteric artery, intestinal veins) in laparoscopic view. In total, this dataset comprises 13195 laparoscopic images. For each anatomical structure, we provide over a thousand images with pixel-wise segmentations. Annotations comprise semantic segmentations of single organs and one multi-organ-segmentation dataset including segments for all eleven anatomical structures. Moreover, we provide weak annotations of organ presence for every single image. This dataset markedly expands the horizon for surgical data science applications of computer vision in laparoscopic surgery and could thereby contribute to a reduction of risks and faster translation of Artificial Intelligence into surgical practice.
A Non-Laboratory Gait Dataset of Full Body Kinematics and Egocentric Vision
Authors: Sharma Abhishek , Rai Vijeth , Calvert Melissa , Dai Zhongyi , Guo Zhenghao , Boe David , Rombokas Eric 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn this manuscript, we describe a unique dataset of human locomotion captured in a variety of out-of-the-laboratory environments captured using Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) based wearable motion capture. The data contain full-body kinematics for walking, with and without stops, stair ambulation, obstacle course navigation, dynamic movements intended to test agility, and negotiating common obstacles in public spaces such as chairs. The dataset contains 24.2 total hours of movement data from a college student population with an approximately equal split of males to females. In addition, for one of the activities, we captured the egocentric field of view and gaze of the subjects using an eye tracker. Finally, we provide some examples of applications using the dataset and discuss how it might open possibilities for new studies in human gait analysis.
Genetic complementation fosters evolvability in complex fitness landscapes
Authors: Segredo-Otero Ernesto , Sanjuán Rafael 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe ability of natural selection to optimize traits depends on the topology of the genotype-fitness map (fitness landscape). Epistatic interactions produce rugged fitness landscapes, where adaptation is constrained by the presence of low-fitness intermediates. Here, we used simulations to explore how evolvability in rugged fitness landscapes is influenced by genetic complementation, a process whereby different sequence variants mutually compensate for their deleterious mutations. We designed our model inspired by viral populations, in which genetic variants are known to interact frequently through coinfection. Our simulations indicate that genetic complementation enables a more efficient exploration of rugged fitness landscapes. Although this benefit may be undermined by genetic parasites, its overall effect on evolvability remains positive in populations that exhibit strong relatedness between interacting sequences. Similar processes could operate in contexts other than viral coinfection, such as in the evolution of ploidy.