bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mollification of Lead Induced Liver Injury by Lycopersicon esculentum (Tomato) Extract
Authors: Ajani Rotimi Sunday , Obianke John Chinedu 
Published: August 2023

Objective: Lead is a highly toxic, non-biodegradable heavy metal usually found in the environment largely as a pollutant of water, soil or air. Chronic lead exposure has adverse effects on human health. Lycopersicon esculentum has many phytochemicals that may ameliorate organ injury due to lead toxicity in humans. This study answered the question “Is aqueous extract of Lycopersicon esculentum (tomato) beneficent to lead toxicity induced liver injury?”
Methodology: The study had five groups with fifteen animals each. The control was group CN. The lead toxicity group (PbT) had 30 mg/kg/day of lead acetate crystals, the concomitant extract group (CE) had concurrent administration of lead acetate and aqueous extract of L. esculentum (at 400 mg/kg). The post lead toxicity low dose extract. (PLE) had sequential administration of lead acetate and aq. extract L. esculentum (at 400 mg/kg). The post lead toxicity high dose extract. (PHE) had sequential administration of lead acetate and aq. extract L. esculentum (at 800 mg/kg). Both the lead acetate and extract were administered orally for twenty one days. At specific periods, blood samples were collected for biochemical analyses and organs harvested for histopathological evaluation.
Result: The total plasma protein levels of the extract groups (CE, PLE and PHE) were significantly higher than that of the PbT group. The PbT group had markedly elevated plasma liver enzymes. Oxidative stress was only evident in the PbT group but not in the extract groups as suggested by the significantly depressed anti-oxidant activities and elevated lipid peroxidation. A cystic lesion was observed in one of the liver specimens from the PbT group. Histopathological findings included fatty infiltration of the liver in the PbT group and presence of multinucleated hepatocytes in the extract groups. The latter feature suggested the ability of aqueous extract of L. esculentum to ameliorate the lead (Pb) toxicity induced liver damage.
Conclusion: Concurrent and post-exposure administration of aqueous extract of tomato fruit (L. esculentum) mollified the liver injury caused by lead toxicity.
Electrochemically Finely Regulated NiCo‐LDH/NiCoOOH Nanostructured Films for Supercapacitors with Record High Mass Loading, Areal Capacity, and Energy Density
Authors: Gao Mingyuan , Huang Jian , Liu Yuexin , Li Xiaoyu , Wei Ping , Yang Jinhu , Shen Shirley , Cai Kefeng 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe design of supercapacitor materials with both high mass loading and high areal capacity is a major strategy to overcome relatively low energy density of supercapacitors. Herein, NiCo‐layered double hydroxide (NiCo‐LDH)/NiCoOOH composite films with both ultrahigh mass loading and high areal capacity are prepared by a two‐step cyclic voltammetry method. The films consist of NiCo‐LDH/NiCoOOH microspheres assembled with ultrafine nanosheets with highly ordered pore distribution from macropores to micropores and abundant defect active sites, which are conducive to the transport of electrolyte ions, increasing the reaction kinetics, and greatly improving the utilization of active material. The optimal film with hierarchical microstructure featuring an ultrahigh mass loading of 80 mg cm−2 not only exhibits a state‐of‐the‐art high areal capacity of 14.7 mAh cm−2, but also shows a record‐high energy density of 10.7 mWh cm−2 , as well as presents remarkable mechanical stabilityand superior capacity retention of 99% after 20000 galvanostatic charge‐discharge cycles. Moreover, by combining the experimental analysis and theoretical calculations, the mechanism of preferential conversion of the NiCo‐LDH in the subtle defect region to NiCoOOH by electrochemistry and the synergistic effect in electrochemical energy storage of the NiCo‐LDH and NiCoOOH phases is proposed.
Flexible Fabric Temperature Sensor Based on Vo2/Pedot:Pss with High Performance
Authors: Wang Yuxin , Hong Yang , Hu Xiaokang , Ye Yang , Wang Peike , Luo Jingjing , Yin Ao , Ren Zhongqi , Liu Haipeng , Qi Xue , Liu Jiang , He Sisi , Yu Suzhu , Wei Jun 
Published: August 2023

Long‐term effective temperature monitoring using a flexible wearable temperature sensor is critical for future health monitoring, noninvasive clinical biomonitoring, disease diagnosis, and so on. Thermistors have the merits of simple structure, ease of preparation and great sensitivity, but the preparation of thermistors with good flexibility is often at the expense of their sensitivity and requirement of high temperature. Herein, a flexible temperature sensor with stability and high sensitivity by spraying VO2/PEDOT:PSS composites on an SBS electrospinning substrate is reported. The sensor exhibits high thermal sensitivity (−2.712%/°C), high precision (85 mK), ultra‐fast response time (1 s) and recovery time (2.5 s), enabling accurate real‐time temperature detection and meeting the need for long‐term temperature monitoring and tracking. As a proof of concept, this sensor is applied to monitor human skin temperature, breathing rate, and temperature recognition, and as a temperature‐based input keyboard, demonstrating its tremendous potential to further develop personalized flexible sensors.
Fast, Energy‐Efficient InGaAs Synaptic Phototransistors on Flexible Substrate
Authors: Kim Tae Soo , Jeon Sung‐Han , Ko Kyeol , Ahn Dae‐Hwan , Han Jae‐Hoon , Choi Won Jun , Yu Ki Jun 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPhotodetectors sensing the short‐wave infrared (SWIR) region have great potential due to their significant advantages in a variety of applications because SWIR light possesses both characteristics of visible light and infrared light. Among them, devices using photodetectors to mimic synaptic dynamics and functions have received a great deal of attention due to their capabilities to implement simplified neural systems. However, it is essential to develop synaptic devices that can operate fast with low energy consumption for more efficient implementation of neural systems. Here, a flexible InGaAs synaptic phototransistor with a fast operation speed of under 1 ms and low energy consumption in the atto joule level is developed to femto joule level which is superior to biological synapses (50 ms, 1–100 fJ). By using InGaAs which has high carrier mobility as a channel layer, weak light, and short optical pulse width, fast operation speed in the SWIR region with low energy consumption is obtained. Moreover, the devices demonstrate synaptic behaviors such as “excitatory post synaptic current”, “paired‐pulse facilitation”, “short term plasticity”, “long term plasticity”, and “learning‐experience behavior” as neuro‐synaptic applications. These results provide the possibilities for implementation of complex synaptic functions with fast speed and low power SWIR synaptic phototransistors.
The beneficial effects of l‐carnitine and infliximab in methotrexate‐induced hepatotoxicity: Emphasis on Notch1/Hes‐1 signaling
Authors: Radwan Sara M. , Abdel‐Latif Ghada A. , Abbas Samah S. , Elmongy Noura F. , Wasfey Eman F. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMethotrexate (MTX)‐induced hepatotoxicity is a serious adverse effect that may limit its use. Therefore, eligible drugs to ameliorate MTX‐induced hepatotoxicity are required. l‐Carnitine (LC) is a natural molecule with beneficial metabolic effects and infliximab (INF) is an anti‐inflammatory monoclonal antibody against tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α). Recently, Notch1/Hes‐1 signaling was found to play a key role in the pathogenesis of liver injury. However, its role in MTX‐induced hepatotoxicity is unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the modulatory effects of LC or INF on MTX‐induced hepatotoxicity and to explore the underlying mechanism with emphasis on the Notch1/Hes‐1 signaling pathway. Sixty rats were randomized into six groups (n = 10): (1) control (saline); (2) MTX (20 mg/kg MTX, intraperitoneal [ip], once); (3) LC group (500 mg/kg ip, 5 days); (4) INF (7 mg/kg INF ip, once); (5) MTX+LC (20 mg/kg ip, once, 500 mg/kg ip, 5 days, respectively); (6) MTX+INF (20 mg/kg ip, once, 7 mg/kg INF ip, once, respectively). Oxidative stress, inflammatory markers, and Notch1/Hes‐1 were investigated. MTX induced the expression of Notch1 and Hes‐1 proteins and increased the levels of TNF‐α, interleukin (IL)‐6, and IL‐1β in the liver. Cotreatment with LC or INF showed apparent antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory effects. Interestingly, the downregulation of Notch1 and Hes‐1 expression was more prominent in LC cotreatment as compared with INF. In conclusion, LC or INF attenuates MTX‐induced hepatotoxicity through modulation of Notch1/Hes‐1 signaling. The LC ameliorative effect against MTX‐induced hepatotoxicity is significantly better than that of INF. Therefore, LC cotreatment may present a safe and therapeutically effective therapy in alleviating MTX‐induced hepatotoxicity.
Computer‐aided drug design course for pharmacy major students in Shenyang Pharmaceutical University following the COVID‐19 pandemic: Challenges and opportunities
Authors: Huang Min , Du Yue , Liu Yajing , Zhao Yanfang , Guo Yongxue , Liu Dan , Zhao Linxiang , Wang Jian 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe computer‐aided drug design (CADD) course that spans biochemistry, computational chemistry, medicinal chemistry, and other cutting‐edge sciences is considered an important course by pharmaceutical universities in China. The course teaches students how drugs bind to protein targets and exert their biological activities using computer tools, and covers the basic principles of drug development and optimization. Due to the lockdown and social distancing measures adopted during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic, the CADD course in Shenyang Pharmaceutical University was briefly suspended. Thereafter, it was taught in the online mode by adopting a novel blended teaching method. Through a questionnaire survey and final report assessment, we found that blended teaching might provide an opportunity to stimulate greater motivation and interest in students as well as improve teaching effectiveness and learning outcomes of the course. This study describes how we conducted the CADD course during the COVID‐19 period with the intention of providing a reference for other teachers to conduct similar courses.
Analyzing the integrated effect of circular economy, Lean Six Sigma, and Industry 4.0 on sustainable manufacturing performance from a practice‐based view perspective
Authors: Skalli Dounia , Charkaoui Abdelkabir , Cherrafi Anass , Garza‐Reyes Jose Arturo , Antony Jiju , Shokri Alireza 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study explores the interplay linking Lean Six Sigma (LSS), the Circular Economy (CE) and Industry 4.0 technologies (I4.0T), and their impact alone or combined, on sustainable organizational performance (SOP) within manufacturing firms. Using the existing literature, six hypotheses are identified and then analyzed following the Structural Equation Modeling method with SmartPLS software. A survey was designed and administrated in the Moroccan context. Based on the results, it was found that LSS, CE and I4.0T have a positive effect on SOP. Moreover, I4.0T significantly impacts both LSS and SOP. However, I4.0T had no significant effect on CE. Furthermore, the results show that LSS has a positive mediation role as a driver for the successful implementation of I4.0T within the SOP. This study will enable manufacturing professionals to understand the determinants of sustainable performance helping them to define their future business strategies. Also, it sets the benchmark for companies looking to achieve sustainable objectives by integrating I4.0 technologies into CE practices and the LSS approach. This study is a first attempt to examine the link between LSS, CE and I4.0 to achieve high triple bottom line gains (environmental, social and economic) within companies considering Morocco, an emerging economy.
Synthesis and Evaluation of Cereblon‐Recruiting HaloPROTACs
Authors: Ody Britton K. , Zhang Jing , Nelson Sydney E. , Xie Yayun , Liu Ruochuan , Dodd Cayden J. , Jacobs Savannah E. , Whitzel Savannah L. , Williams Leighan A. , Gozem Samer , Turlington Mark , Yin Jun 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTarget validation is key to the development of protein degrading molecules such as proteolysis‐targeting chimeras (PROTACs) to identify cellular proteins amenable for induced degradation by the ubiquitin‐proteasome system (UPS). Previously the HaloPROTAC system was developed to screen targets of PROTACs by linking the chlorohexyl group with the ligands of E3 ubiquitin ligases VHL and cIAP1 to recruit target proteins fused to the HaloTag for E3‐catalyzed ubiquitination. Reported here are HaloPROTACs that engage the cereblon (CRBN) E3 to ubiquitinate and degrade HaloTagged proteins. A focused library of CRBN‐pairing HaloPROTACs was synthesized and screened to identify efficient degraders of EGFP‐HaloTag fusion with higher activities than VHL‐engaging HaloPROTACs at sub‐micromolar concentrations of the compound. The CRBN‐engaging HaloPROTACs broadens the scope of the E3 ubiquitin ligases that can be utilized to screen suitable targets for induced protein degradation in the cell.
COVID‐19 STEMI related to microthrombi may lead to coronary microvascular dysfunction
Authors: Aziz Dalia , Yildiz Mehmet , Quesada Odayme , Henry Timothy D. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) increases the risk of ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), and is associated with a higher occurrence of nonobstructive coronary artery disease. We present a unique case of STEMI with concomitant COVID‐19 infection in a young female found to have slow flow in multiple vessels on angiography, likely due to microvascular thrombi. Three months later, the patient developed coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD), suggesting an evolution of microvascular thrombi and injury into subsequent CMD.
Thyroid dysfunction and glycaemic control among Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in Ghana: A comparative cross‐sectional study
Authors: Sakyi Samuel Asamoah , Ameyaw Bright , Laing Edwin Ferguson , Anthony Richard , Ephraim Richard K. Dadzie , Effah Alfred , Kwayie Afia Agyapomaa , Senu Ebenezer , Anto Enoch Odame , Acheampong Emmanuel , Afranie Bright Oppong , Amoani Benjamin , Opoku Stephen 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroductionThyroid disorders and diabetes mellitus coexist and are prevalent endocrinopathies among adult population. Thyroid dysfunction contributes to metabolic imbalances, increase beta‐cell apoptosis and glucose intolerance. There is paucity of data and contradicting findings on how thyroid dysfunction influence glycaemic control. Therefore, we evaluated thyroid dysfunction and glycaemic control among Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients in Ghana.MethodsA comparative cross‐sectional study was conducted among 192 T2DM patients from Effia Nkwanta Regional Hospital. Three consecutive monthly fasting plasma glucose (FBG) and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) were analysed and the results were classified as, moderate hyperglycaemia (MH) (FBG = 6.1–12.0 mmol/L, HbA1c < 7%), severe hyperglycaemia (SH) (FBG ≥ 12.1 mmol/L, HbA1c > 7%) and good glycaemic controls (GC) (FBG = 4.1–6.0 mmol/L, HbA1c < 7%). Thyroid‐stimulating hormone (TSH), free triiodothyronine (FT3) and free thyroxine (FT4), body mass index (BMI) and other clinical parameters were measured. Data analysis was done using R language version 4.0.2 and p < .05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsThere were no significant differences in age (years) between patients in the various glycaemic groups (p = .9053). The overall prevalence of thyroid disorders was 7.8% among T2DM patients. The prevalence of thyroid disorders was higher in patients with SH (11.7%) followed by those with MH (7.5%) and then those with GC (5.4%). Serum levels of TSH and FT3/FT4 ratio were significantly lower in T2DM patients with SH compared to those with MH and the GC (p < .0001). However, FT4 was significantly higher in SH patients compared to the good glycaemic controls (p < .01). The first tertiles of TSH [aOR = 10.51, 95% CI (4.04–17.36), p < .0001] and FT3 [aOR = 2.77, 95% CI (1.11–6.92), p = .0290] were significantly and independently associated with increased odds of hyperglycaemia.ConclusionThe prevalence of thyroid dysfunction is high in T2DM and increases with hyperglycaemia. Reduced TSH and T3 may worsen glycaemic control. Periodic monitoring of thyroid function should be incorporated into management guidelines among T2DM patients in Ghana.
Chiral Lewis Base‐Catalysed Asymmetric Syntheses of Benzo‐fused ϵ‐Lactones
Authors: Stockhammer Lotte , Radetzky Maximilian , Khatoon Syeda Sadia , Bechmann Matthias , Waser Mario 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe herein report a two‐step protocol for the asymmetric synthesis of novel chiral benzofused ϵ‐lactones starting from O‐protected hydroxymethyl‐para‐quinone methides and activated aryl esters. By using chiral isothiourea Lewis base catalysts a broad variety of differently substituted products could be obtained in yields of around 50 % over both steps with high levels of enantioselectivities, albeit low diastereoselectivities only.
MultiFeNet: Multi‐scale feature scaling in deep neural network for the brain tumour classification in MRI images
Authors: Agrawal Tarun , Choudhary Prakash , Shankar Achyut , Singh Prabhishek , Diwakar Manoj 
Published: August 2023

AbstractOne of the most fatal and prevalent diseases of the central nervous system is a brain tumour. Different subgrades exist for each type of brain tumour because of the broad variety of brain tumours and tumour pathologies. Manual diagnosis may be error‐prone and time‐consuming, both of which are becoming more challenging as the medical community's workload grows. There is a need for automatic diagnosis. In this study, we have proposed a deep learning model (MultiFeNet) based on a convolutional neural network for the classification of brain tumours. MultiFeNet uses multi‐scale feature scaling for feature extraction in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images. Multi‐scaling helps to learn the better feature representation of the MRI image for enhanced model performance. To evaluate the proposed model, 3064 MRI scans of three distinct categories of brain tumours (meningiomas, gliomas and pituitary tumours) were used. The MultiFeNet obtained 96.4% sensitivity, 96.4% F1‐score, 96.4% precision and 96.4% accuracy on the benchmark Figshare dataset. In addition, an ablation study is conducted with the objective of evaluating the role of multi‐scaling in model performance.
Collision cross section measurement and prediction methods in omics
Authors: Kartowikromo Kimberly Y. , Olajide Orobola E. , Hamid Ahmed M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractOmics studies such as metabolomics, lipidomics, and proteomics have become important for understanding the mechanisms in living organisms. However, the compounds detected are structurally different and contain isomers, with each structure or isomer leading to a different result in terms of the role they play in the cell or tissue in the organism. Therefore, it is important to detect, characterize, and elucidate the structures of these compounds. Liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry have been utilized for decades in the structure elucidation of key compounds. While prediction models of parameters (such as retention time and fragmentation pattern) have also been developed for these separation techniques, they have some limitations. Moreover, ion mobility has become one of the most promising techniques to give a fingerprint to these compounds by determining their collision cross section (CCS) values, which reflect their shape and size. Obtaining accurate CCS enables its use as a filter for potential analyte structures. These CCS values can be measured experimentally using calibrant‐independent and calibrant‐dependent approaches. Identification of compounds based on experimental CCS values in untargeted analysis typically requires CCS references from standards, which are currently limited and, if available, would require a large amount of time for experimental measurements. Therefore, researchers use theoretical tools to predict CCS values for untargeted and targeted analysis. In this review, an overview of the different methods for the experimental and theoretical estimation of CCS values is given where theoretical prediction tools include computational and machine modeling type approaches. Moreover, the limitations of the current experimental and theoretical approaches and their potential mitigation methods were discussed.
TRB CDR3 chemical complementarity with HBV epitopes correlates with increased hepatocellular carcinoma, disease‐free survival
Authors: Song Joanna J. , Chobrutskiy Andrea , Chobrutskiy Boris I. , Cios Konrad J. , Huda Taha I. , Eakins Rachel A. , Diaz Michael J. , Blanck George 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe liver is a site of immune privilege, compared with the bladder and skin, for example. To study this attenuation of the immune response in the cancer setting, we compared quantities and features of adaptive immune receptor (IR) recombination reads obtained from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and six other cancers. Of these cancers, HCC had the lowest numbers of IR recombination reads and was the only cancer with a greater number immunoglobulin rather than T‐cell receptor recombination reads. To better understand the role of adaptive IRs obtained from the tumor microenvironment in shaping the outcome of HCC cases, we quantified the chemical complementarity between HCC tumor TRB and IGH complementarity determining region‐3 (CDR3) amino acid (AA) sequences, and known hepatitis B virus (HBV) epitopes. High chemical complementarity between HCC‐resident CDR3s and three HBV epitopes correlated with increased survival probabilities, for two sources of CDR3s representing different CDR3 recovery algorithms. These results suggest the potential of CDR3 AA sequences as biomarkers for HCC patient stratification and as guides for future development of therapeutics.
GaSb/GaAs Type‐II heterojunction GAA‐TFET with core source for enhanced analog/RF performance and reliability
Authors: Karthik Kadava R. N. , Pandey Chandan Kumar 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFor the first time, a novel source extension heterojunction gate‐all‐around tunnel FET (SE‐GAA‐TFET) is proposed and examined using Synopsys TCAD simulator in this manuscript. SE‐GAA‐TFET is found to exhibit improved performance in terms of various analog/RF and DC parameters. As channel/source (C/S) interface and electric field exerted by gate are perpendicular to each other, radius of channel is downscaled to enhance electric filed, without reducing area of the tunneling. Furthermore, the presence of GaSb/GaAs heterojunction at C/S interface leads to reduction in the effective band overlap, which helps a great number of mobile charges to tunnel through C/S boundary at ON‐state. The consequences of variation in different geometrical metrics are evaluated to optimize the device performance. SE‐GAA‐TFET is found to offer a current switching ratio (CSR) of ~1013 along with 32.2 mV dec−1 of average sub‐threshold swing (SSAVG). Furthermore, improvement in transconductance and parasitic capacitance boost the cut‐off frequency of SE‐GAA‐TFET up to 37 GHz. Next, both positive and negative traps are introduced at S/C interface and the study reveals that there is no much deviation in parameters of the transfer characteristics like ION, SSAVG, and IOFF of SE‐GAA‐TFET. Next, proper benchmarking is done to compare the performance of the SE‐GAA‐TFET with similar devices available in literature and it is found that proposed SE‐GAA‐TFET exhibits better DC performance due to improved electrostatic behavior. Finally, SE‐GAA‐TFET is found to offer better fall time along with full‐voltage swing when deployed in a resistive load inverter.