bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Post-midnight irregularities in the equatorial regions of topside ionosphere obtained by the CSES satellite
Authors: Wang Xiuying , Cheng Wanli , Zhang Xueqing , Zhao Guocun , Wang Qiao , Yang Dehe , Xu Song 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The equatorial post-midnight irregularities, which has been less studied, are investigated using the in situ electron density (Ne) measurements from 2019 to 2021 obtained by the China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite (CSES) orbiting in the topside ionosphere. Some results are obtained as following. (1) The equatorial post-midnight irregularities are distributed along the dip equator with a longitude variation pattern of wavenumber 4 and seasonal variation pattern of summer-winter peaks during low solar activity (LSA) period in the topside ionosphere. (2) The longitude variation pattern of post-midnight irregularities is consistent with that of the background Ne with the irregularities concentrated on the peaks of background Ne. (3) The occurrence rate of post-midnight irregularities increases rapidly with increasing solar flux, which can be attributed to the rapid increase in the background Ne during LSA period; moreover, growth rate of occurrence rate is different across different longitudes, with the Pacific and the Atlantic longitudes being the most outstanding regions. (4) The similar characteristics for both post-midnight and post-sunset irregularities suggests they may have similar generation mechanisms, which are supported by the fact that conditions favorable to post-sunset irregularity generation can appear at midnight hours during LSA period. Since there have been far fewer post-midnight irregularity studies compared to post-sunset irregularity studies, much more work is still required to understand its generation mechanisms. The large number of post-midnight Ne measurements from the CSES satellite provides a good opportunity for this study, which can help to understand the post-midnight ionospheric dynamical processes and their variations with solar activity, as well as to develop a more comprehensive irregularity forecast model.
Effects of graphene oxide addition in properties of shielded metal arc welding joints
Authors: Marques Igor J. , López Edwar A.T. , Lima Nathalia BD , Barros Bráulio S. , Santos Tiago F.A. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Graphene and its derivative materials have been receiving the attention of researchers worldwide, and these materials are being considered for many applications. In this sense, studies revealed significant improvements in the welding properties of the welded joint when graphene derivatives are used. In this work, graphene oxide was deposited in shielded metal arc welding E6013 electrodes by dip coating, and bead-on-plate and joining welds were produced with and without graphene oxide addition. Further, structural and microstructural aspects of the welds were investigated by employing XRD, and SEM. In addition, tests of microhardness and corrosion were performed. The results revealed that the application of graphene oxide had promoted a slight increase in the microhardness of welds and did not promote deleterious effects on tensile mechanical properties. Furthermore, despite the lack of significant effects of graphene addition in microstructural development and mechanical properties, the weld metal obtained with graphene addition presented corrosion rates 30 times inferior compared to conventional electrodes and ten times less than the base metal.
The Isocyanide SN2 Reaction
Authors: Patil Pravin , Zheng Qiang , Katarzyna Kurpiewska , Domling Alexander 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The nucleophilic substitution reaction (SN2) is one of the oldest, yet very useful organic transformations and has found widespread applications for the synthesis of drugs and natural products. Typically, cyanide, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, or phosphorous nucleophiles replace a halogen or sulfonyl ester leaving group to form a new bond between the nucleophile and the electrophile. Isocyanides display an unusual versatile chemistry based on their C-centered lone pair s and the C-centered p* frontier orbitals leading to radical, and multicomponent reactions. Surprisingly, the nucleophilic character of isocyanides has never been explored in SN2 reactions. We discovered that isocyanides react as versatile nucleophiles in SN2 reactions with alkyl halides in a general manner to afford highly substituted secondary amides by in situ hydrolysis of the intermediate nitrilium ion. The innovative 3-component reaction has a broad scope regarding the structures of the isocyanide and electrophile components, functional group compatibility, scalability, use for late-stage modification of a drug and synthesis of highly complex compounds otherwise not easily accessible from simple precursors. The chemical space of the new reaction is not only different but nearly doubled in size compared to the classical amid coupling. Significantly, the isocyanide nucleophile comprises an unusual Umpolung amide carbanion synthon R-NHC(-)=O, useful as an alternative to the classical amide coupling.
Hydrogel encapsulated stem cells facilitate successful repair after spinal cord injury in rats and monkeys
Authors: Li Tianqing , Li Pengfei , Yuan Hao , chen Yanyin , Zhu Xiaoqing , Xiong Liulin , Zhao Shumei , Li Jun , Chen Tingwei , Ai Zongyong , Cai Hongzhi , Feng Chun , Li Yong , Wang Jiaojian , Niu Yongming , Liu Jinxiang , Ji Weizhi , Zhang Lei , Wang Tinghua 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Promoting axonal regeneration to form nascent circuits after spinal cord injury (SCI) is a considerable challenge. While cell-based transplantation is considered a top candidate for SCI therapeutics, limited anatomical structure repair and slight functional recovery have prevented translation to the clinic. Here we develop a biodegradable hydrogel to encapsulate GMP-produced human neuroepithelial stem cells (NESCs) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) individually or in combination. When grafted into completely transected SCI rats, hydrogel-encapsulated stem cells elicit robust endogenous axonal regrowth across lesions to reestablish functional connections, and rats recover both locomotor and bladder function. Combined delivery of NESCs and MSCs (NESC + MSC) brings the best therapeutic recovery. In this condition, regenerating axons adopt a linear axonal alignment, similar to an intact spinal cord. When MSC + NESC are implanted into quarter-sectioned SCI adult monkeys (Macaca mulatta), behavior, electrophysiology, diffusion tensor imaging and histopathology analyses demonstrate robust axonal regeneration to form nascent circuits accompanied by substantial motor functional recovery of complete paralyzed limbs to walk with weight. Mechanistically, hydrogel-encapsulated stem cells activate endogenous axon regeneration, decrease inflammation, and reduce activated microglia and glial scar formation. These preclinical findings support translation of this method to human SCI repair.
Preventing Contrast-Induced acute kidney injury in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease Undergoing PCI:A Propensity Score-Matched Evaluation of the Efficacy of Compound Danshen Dripping Pills
Authors: Zhao Zhicheng , Ying Shuo , Fu Han , Wan Yu , Li Xiaoyu , Fu Naikuan , Zhang Peng 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the potential preventive effect of Danshen Dripping Pills (CDDP) on contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CIAKI) in patients with coronary heart disease after stent implantation. Additionally, we aimed to explore the relationship between simple inflammatory markers and CIAKI.
Methods: A total of 423 coronary heart disease patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in the Department of Cardiology at Tianjin Chest Hospital between 2020 and 2022 were initially selected for the study. After exclusion criteria were applied, propensity score matching was used to select 217 patients, with 103 patients in the CDDP group and 114 patients in the control group. Logistic regression analysis was used to compare the incidence of CIAKI between the two groups.
Results: The incidence of CIAKI was significantly lower in the CDDP group compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Multiple logistic regression analysis demonstrated that CDDP had a preventive effect on CIAKI (OR = 0.327; 95% CI: 0.067-0.915; P = 0.036). Furthermore, the lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) was found to have a non-linear relationship with CIAKI occurrence, with a low LMR associated with a higher risk of CIAKI (OR = 0.662; 95% CI: 0.458-0.955; P = 0.028). A cut-off value for LMR still needs further exploration.
Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that CDDP may have a preventive effect on CIAKI in patients undergoing stent implantation after PCI. Furthermore, LMR, as a simple systemic inflammatory marker, may be a predictive factor for CIAKI. These findings could have important implications for the clinical management of CIAKI in patients with coronary heart disease.
The long-term changing patterns of suicide mortality in China from 1987 to 2020：continuing urban-rural disparity
Authors: Wu Yu , Su Binbin , Zhong Panliang , Wang Yiran , Huang Yueqin , Zheng Xiaoying 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background: Patterns in urban-rural, gender, and age suicide mortalities in China have shown dramatic changes over the past three decades. This study aimed to explore the long-term patterns of suicide mortality in China from 1987 to 2020.
Methods: Data on suicide mortality were derived from China's National Health Commission. Joinpoint regression analysis was used to explore changes in trends and age-period-cohort modeling to estimate age, period and cohort effects in suicide mortality from 1987 to 2020. Net drift, local drift, longitudinal age curves, and period relative risks were also calculated.
Results: (1) Crude and age-standardized suicide mortality in China showed continuing downward trends from 1987-2020. Rural age-standardized suicide mortality (net drift = -3.41%, p＜0.01) declined to a greater extent than in urban areas (net drift = -7.07%, p＜0.01), whose decline curve could be divided into three substages. Both period and cohort effects regarding rural areas declined more than urban areas; (2) Youngsters aged 20-24 were at the highest suicide risk, and suicide risk gradually increased with age after 60. Females, especially of childbearing age, had higher suicide risk than males, but there existed a trend reversal between genders in groups aged above 50; (3) Gender reversal of suicide risk after age 50 showed different trends in urban and rural areas. The gap in suicide risk between genders widens with age in urban areas, while the gap remains relatively stable in rural areas.
Conclusions: Suicide mortality in China continued to decline over the past three decades. Age, gender, and urban-rural disparities in suicide mortality have been continuing but show new patterns. Females of childbearing age and the elderly are at high risk for suicide. The slower decrease, high-risk groups, and the reversing urban-rural gender trends urgently require close attention and more targeted suicide prevention programs.
Predictors of medication adherence in a large one-year prospective cohort of individuals with schizophrenia: Insights from the Multicentric FACE-SZ Dataset
Authors: misdrahi david , Dupuy Maud , Dansou Yecodji , Boyer Laurent , Berna Fabrice , Capdevieille Delphine , Chereau Isabelle , Coulon Natahlie , d'Amato Thierry , Dubertret Caroline , Leignier Sylvain , Llorca Pierre Michel , Lançon Chritophe , MALLET Jasmina , Passerieux Chrisitine , Pignon Baptiste , REY Romain , Schurhoff Franck , Swendsen Joel , Urbach Mathieu , Szoke Andrei , Godin Ophelia , FOND Guillaume 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Schizophrenia is characterized by the most salient medication adherence problems among severe mental disorders, but limited prospective data are available to predict and improve adherence in this population. This investigation aims to identify predictors of medication adherence over a one-year period in a large national cohort using clustering analysis. Outpatients were recruited from ten Schizophrenia Expert Centers and were evaluated with a day-long standardized battery including clinician and patient-rated medication adherence measures. A two-step cluster analysis and multivariate logistic regression were conducted to identify medication adherence profiles based on the Medication Adherence rating Scale (MARS) and baseline predictors. A total of 485 participants were included in the study and medication adherence was significantly improved at the one-year follow-up. Higher depressive scores, lower insight, history of suicide attempt, younger age and alcohol use disorder were all associated with poorer adherence at one year. Among the 203 patients with initially poor adherence, 86 (42%) switched to good adherence at the one-year follow-up, whereas 117 patients (58%) remained poorly adherent. Targeting younger patients with low insight, history of suicide, alcohol use disorder and depressive disorders should be prioritized through literacy and educational therapy programs. Adherence is a construct that can vary considerably from year to year in schizophrenia, and therefore may be amenable to interventions for its improvement. However, caution is also warranted as nearly one in five patients with initially good adherence experienced worsened adherence one year later.
Immune Response to Zinc Oxide Inhalation in Metal Fume Fever – Is the IL-17f the missing link?
Authors: Szűcs-Somlyó Éva , Lehel József , Májlinger Kornél , Tóth Fruzsina , Jerzsele Ákos , Csaba Kővágó 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Metal fume fever (MFF) is a work-related disease caused by the inhalation of metal particles, including zinc oxide. Chronic asthma may develop as a long-term consequence of exposure, particularly for welders and metal workers who are most at risk. In this study, we investigated the effects of ZnO fume inhalation on multiple inflammation-related cytokine- and cytokine receptor genes in mice from lung and lymph node samples, to explore the role of these in the pathogenesis of MFF. In our experiments, the animals were treated with a sub-toxic amount of ZnO fume for 4 hours a day for 3 consecutive days. Sampling occurred 3 and 12 hours post-treatment. We are the first to demonstrate that ZnO inhalation causes extremely increased levels of IL-17f gene expression at both sampling time points, in addition to increased gene expression rates of several other interleukins and cytokines, such as IL-4, IL-13, CXCL5, CSF-3, and IFN-γ. Our animal experiment provides new insights into the immunological processes of early metal fume fever development. IL-17f plays a crucial role in connecting immunological and oxidative stress events. The increased levels of IL-4 and IL-13 cytokines may explain the development of long-term allergic asthma after exposure to ZnO nanoparticles, which is well-known among welders, smelters, and metal workers.
Wintertime ocean-atmosphere interaction processes associated with the SST variability in the North Pacific subarctic frontal zone
Authors: Fang Jiabei , Huang Qionghui , Tao Lingfeng , Yang Xiu-Qun 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Recent research indicates that the midlatitude oceanic frontal zones are the key regions of ocean-atmosphere interaction. The thermal condition of midlatitude ocean in frontal zones can affect the atmosphere efficiently through both diabatic heating and transient eddy feedback. In this study, the wintertime SST variability in the subarctic frontal zone (SAFZ) of the North Pacific and the associated ocean-atmosphere interaction mechanism are examined based on observational and theoretical analyses. It is found that the SAFZ-related SST anomaly is characterized as a large-scale interannual mode that can persist during the whole winter, and that its evolution is accompanied with local ocean-atmosphere interaction processes. The initial anticyclonic surface wind anomaly associated with the weakened Aleutian Low forces a large-scale warm SST anomaly in midlatitude North Pacific by driving northward Ekman flow and downward heat flux. With the increase of SST anomaly, the air-sea heat flux exchange reverses, indicating that the ocean starts to heat the atmosphere. In addition to increasing the diabatic heating, the warm SST anomaly strengthens the SST gradient in the north part of SAFZ. The low-level atmospheric baroclinicity is adjusted to synchronize with the SAFZ correspondingly due to oceanic thermal influence, causing change of transient eddy activities. Though all the ocean-induced diabatic heating, transient eddy heating and transient eddy vorticity forcing are enhanced over SAFZ, the last physical process plays the most important role in shifting and maintaining the equivalent barotropic atmospheric circulation anomalies. Therefore, the ocean-atmosphere interaction provides a mechanism for the development and maintenance of the SAFZ-related anomalies of North Pacific ocean-atmosphere system throughout the winter.
Clinical features and a prediction model for early prediction of composite outcome in Chlamydia psittaci pneumonia: a multi-centre retrospective study in China
Authors: Yang Xue , Wu Man , Li Tangzhiming , Yu Jie , Fu Tian , Li Guoping , Xiong Huanwen , Liao Gang , Zhang Sensen , Li Shaofeng , Zeng Zhonghua , Chen Chun , Lu Ming , Zhou Zhiguo , Liang Benghui 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Introduction: There has been growing concern about Chlamydia psittaci (C. psittaci ) pneumonia in recent years. C.psittaci pneumonia has atypical clinical manifestations and often ignored by clinicians. This study analyzed the clinical characteristics, explored the risk factors for composite outcome and established a prediction model for early predicting the risk of composite outcome among C.psittaci pneumonia patients.Methods We carried out a retrospective, observational cohort study in ten Chinese tertiary hospitals to investigate C. psittaci pneumonia. Only patients with confirmed cases of the disease were included, and their epidemiologic and clinical data were thoroughly collected and analyzed. The composite outcome of C. psittaci pneumonia was define as died during hospitalization, ICU admission and mechanical ventilation. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine the significant variables. A ten-fold cross-validation was performed to internally validate the model. Additionally, we evaluated the model performance using various methods, including receiver operating characteristics (ROC), C-index, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), decision curve analysis (DCA), and clinical impact curve analysis (CICA).Results In total, 119 C. psittaci pneumonia patients were included in the study. The patients were randomly divided into training (n = 83) and validation (n = 36) cohorts. CURB-65 was used to establish predictive Model 1. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified three independent prognostic factors, including serum albumin, CURB-65, and white blood cell. These factors were employed to construct model 2. The model 2 had acceptable discrimination (AUC of 0.898 and 0.825 for the training and validation sets, respectively) and robust internal validity. Calibration plot demonstrated good agreement between the predicted and the actual composite outcome rate. In the training set, the specificity, sensitivity, NPV, and PPV for predicting composite outcome in nomogram model were 91.7%, 84.5%, 50.0%, and 98.4%, respectively. In the internal validation set, these values were 100.0%, 64.7%, 14.2%, and 100.0%, respectively. DCA and CICA showed that the nomogram model was clinically practical.Conclusions We developed a refined nomogram model for predicting the composite outcome in C.psittaci pneumonia patients. This nomogram model enables early and accurate C.psittaci pneumonia patients’ evaluation, which may improved clinical outcomes.
Research on the correlation between methyltransferase METTL7B and atherosclersosis
Authors: Wang Jie , Cheng Fei , Xiong Jian , Peng Xiaoyun , Zan Yuxin , Zheng Lina , Wei Lin , Li Xiao , Cao Zheng , Ding Yan , Wang Zhixiao 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background Atherosclerosis (As) is a serious threat to human health. Although glucose balance, lipid metabolism, inflammation and hypertension have been found to be closely related to AS, it is crucially unclear, whether methyltransferase (METTL) family members are involved in the occurrence and development of AS.Methods The differentially expressed genes of METTLs in AS and normal blood vessels in GSE43292 and GSE100927 databases were analyzed. Random forest screening was used to screen marker genes, and the intersection genes in two databases were selected, while GSE28829/GSE41571 and clinical tissue samples were used for verification. The databases were further used to analyze the tissue and cell localization of marker genes and their correlation with lipid metabolism and immune cell infiltration.Results There were 7 and 17 differentially expressed METTL genes in GSE43292 and GSE100927 databases, respectively. 7 and 10 AS risk genes were selected by random forest screening. METTL7B and METTL5 were verified as the intersection marker genes using GSE28829, GSE41571 database and clinical AS samples. Compared with the control group, the expression of METTL7B in advanced AS, AS rupture plaque and clinical heavy load plaque tissue significantly increased, and the ROC curve analysis showed that the AUC of METTL7B in GSE28829 and GSE41571 was greater than 0.9. In addition, it was found that METTL7B was significantly correlated with lipid metabolism-related genes, and METTL7B could promote the formation of lipid droplets. METTL7B was positively correlated with immune cell infiltration and macrophage-mediated efferocytosis. Drugs such as FAD, Pralatrexate and Indinavir can act on METTL7B. This study reveals a new mechanism for the occurrence and development of AS thereby providing a potential target for the treatment of AS.Conclusion METTL7B can be used as a predictor and therapeutic target for AS.