bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Farnesyl diphosphate synthase exacerbates nonalcoholic steatohepatitis via the activation of AHR‐CD36 axis
Authors: Liu Jun , Zhang Xinxin , Zhang Yufei , Qian Minyi , Yang Maohui , Yang Song , Wang Lirui 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) has become a major concern that threatens human health worldwide. The underlying pathogenesis was crucial but remained poorly understood. Here, we found that the expression of hepatic farnesyl diphosphate synthase (FDPS) was increased in mice and patients with NASH. Elevated FDPS levels were positively correlated with NASH severity. Overexpression of FDPS in mice provoked increased lipid accumulation, inflammation, and fibrosis, while hepatic FDPS deficiency protected mice from NASH progression. Importantly, pharmacological inhibition of FDPS with clinically used alendronate remarkably attenuated NASH‐associated phenotypes in mice. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that FDPS increased its downstream product farnesyl pyrophosphate levels, which could function as an aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) agonist to upregulate the expression of fatty acid translocase CD36, to accelerate the development of NASH. Collectively, these findings suggest that FDPS exacerbates NASH via AHR‐CD36 axis and identify FDPS as a promising target for NASH therapy.
Reconceptualization of Proximal Nail Fold Reconstruction: Skin Grafting over the Nail Plate
Authors: Hara Runa , Matsumoto Daisuke , Funabashi Hitomi 
Published: June 2023

Summary:
The structure of the periungual area is complicated, resulting in historically difficult morphological reconstruction after trauma or cancer resection. There is also no established standard for its reconstruction; thus, we aimed to use a full-thickness skin graft (FTSG) over the nail plate. Three patients with Bowen disease on their proximal nail fold (PNF) underwent excision with a 2-mm margin preserving the nail matrix, and a temporary wound dressing was applied. The FTSG was harvested from the ipsilateral ulnar wrist joint and placed over the skin defect, including the nail plate. Initially, the FTSG seemed to have shrunken; however, after 3 months, it extended and the PNF had a good color and texture match. Remarkably, the FTSG adhered to the nail plate, and the complex PNF structure appeared well reconstructed. Occasionally, a local flap is used; however, it is limited to small defects and causes a deformity of the periungual structure. In this study, the reconstructed PNF showed good results. We presumed that the bridging phenomenon caused graft survival on the nail plate, and that the presence of stem cells near the nail matrix caused graft extension and eponychium and cuticle regeneration. Specifically, the acquisition of sufficient raw surface around the nail plate and wound preparation after excision resulted in the former, and the nail matrix preservation after excision contributed to the latter. This surgical technique is simple and can therefore be considered a remarkably effective method for periungual area reconstruction to date.
Comparison of Visual Field Test Measurements With a Novel Approach on a Wearable Headset to Standard Automated Perimetry
Authors: Johnson Catherine , Sayed Ahmed , McSoley John , Durbin Mary , Kashem Rashed , Nicklin Alexandra , Lopez Valeria , Mijares Georgeana , Chen Michael , Shaheen Abdulla , Segarra Steven , Rady Nadine , Duque Christian Andres , Opoku-Baah Collins , Abou Shousha Mohamed 
Published: June 2023

Précis:
This study of inter-test comparability of a novel visual field application installed on an augmented-reality portable headset and Humphrey field analyzer Swedish interactive thresholding algorithm (SITA) Standard visual field test demonstrates the excellent correlation of mean deviation (MD) and mean sensitivity (MS).

Purpose:
To determine the correlation between visual field testing with novel software on a wearable headset versus standard automated perimetry.

Patients and Methods:
Patients with and without visual field defects attributable to glaucoma had visual field testing in one eye of each patient with 2 methods: re:Imagine Strategy (Heru, Inc.) and the Humphrey field analyzer (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Inc.) SITA Standard 24-2 program. Main outcome measures included MS and MD, which were evaluated by linear regression, intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), and Bland Altman analysis for assessment of the mean difference and limits of agreement.

Results:
Measurements from 89 eyes of 89 patients (18 normal and 71 glaucomas) were compared with both instruments. Linear regression analysis demonstrated an excellent Pearson correlation coefficient of r = 0.94 for MS and r = 0.95 for MD. ICC analysis demonstrated high levels of concordance (ICC = 0.95, P < 0.001 for MS and ICC = 0.94, P < 0.001 for MD). Bland-Altman analysis determined a small mean difference between the two devices (Heru minus Humphrey) of 1.15 dB for MS and 1.06 dB for MD.

Conclusions:
The Heru visual field test correlated well with SITA Standard in a population of normal eyes and eyes with glaucoma.
Comparison of Repeat Trabeculectomy Versus Ahmed Valve Implantation After Initial Failed Trabeculectomy Surgery
Authors: Van Swol Joshua M. , Walden Delaney N. , Van Swol Elizabeth G. , Nguyen Shaun A. , Nutaitis Matthew J. , Kassm Tala M. 
Published: June 2023

Précis:
Repeat trabeculectomy is associated with similar postoperative intraocular pressure (IOP), a lower complication rate, and a lower need for medications when compared with Ahmed valve implantation (AVI) when performed after initially failed trabeculectomy.

Objective:
The goal of this study was to compare the efficacy of repeat trabeculectomies and AVI after an initial failed trabeculectomy.

Methods:
All studies that investigated the postoperative success of patients who underwent AVI or repeat trabeculectomy with mitomycin-C after a prior failed trabeculectomy with mitomycin-C found in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and CINAHL were included. Mean preoperative and postoperative IOP, proportions of complete and qualified successes, and proportions of complications were extracted from each study. Meta-analyses were performed to compare the differences between the two surgical approaches. Methods of measuring complete and qualified success were too heterogeneous among the included studies to allow for meta-analysis.

Results:
The literature search yielded 1305 studies, and 14 studies were included in the final analysis. Mean IOP was not significantly different between the two groups preoperatively and then after 1, 2, and 3 years. Mean number of medications between the two groups was similar preoperatively. After 1 and 2 years, the mean amount of glaucoma medications in the AVI group was approximately twice that of the trabeculectomy group; however, this relationship was only significant at 1 year of follow-up (P = 0.042). In addition, the cumulative proportion of overall and sight-threatening complications was significantly higher in the AVI group.

Conclusion:
Repeat trabeculectomy with mitomycin-C and AVI may both be considered after failed primary trabeculectomy. However, our analysis suggests that repeat trabeculectomy may be the preferred method as it provides similar efficacy with fewer disadvantages.
Optic Nerve Head Changes After Intraocular Pressure-Lowering Glaucoma Surgeries Using Optical Coherence Tomography
Authors: Silveira Victoria d’Azevedo , Lindenmeyer Rodrigo Leivas , Pakter Helena Messinger , Skaat Alon , Lavinsky Daniel , Oliveira Monica , Picceti Egidio , Lavinsky Jaco , de Arruda Mello Paulo Augusto , Lavinsky Fabio 
Published: June 2023

Précis:
Optic nerve head (ONH) changes were detected with swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) after intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering glaucoma surgeries.

Purpose:
The aim of this study was to detect changes in the ONH with SS-OCT after IOP-lowering procedures.

Patients and Methods:
Patients with progressing glaucoma who were referred for IOP-lowering procedures were included. The participants underwent a 24-2 visual field test and SS-OCT (DRI OCT Triton Plus; Topcon). IOP and SS-OCT scans were obtained during the preoperative period and up to 7 days and 30–90 days postoperatively. ONH parameters were measured with a B-scan at the center of the optic disc and an average of 5 central B-scans. The hypotenuse of the ONH cup (HOC) was calculated using the Pythagorean theorem: hypotenuse2 = leg12 + leg22, considering the length and depth of the cup as the legs of a right triangle. We also evaluated changes in Bruch membrane opening (BMO)-to-BMO diameter. Statistical analysis was performed using generalized estimating equations.

Results:
A total of 15 eyes were included. The mean patient age was 70 (SD, 11.04) years. The mean circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer was 60.13 (SD, 23.21) µm and the visual field mean deviation was −13.29 (SD, 8.5) dB. The mean IOP at each visit was: 20.5 (SD, 4.99); 11 (SD, 4.95), and 15.7 (SD, 5.04), respectively. The mean HOC, the mean depth and length of the ONH cup, and the BMO-to-BMO diameter decreased significantly after the IOP-lowering procedures.

Conclusions:
The HOC evaluated with SS-OCT significantly decreased after IOP-lowering surgeries. This parameter was useful for evaluating short-term changes in the ONH.
Trends in Influenza and Related Health Resource Use During 2005–2021 Among Children in Japan
Authors: Okubo Yusuke , Uda Kazuhiro , Miyairi Isao 
Published: June 2023

Background:
To determine the epidemiological trends in pediatric influenza and changes in healthcare resource use from 2005 to 2021 using nationally representative outpatient database in Japan.

Methods:
We conducted a retrospective cohort study consisting of 3.5 million children with 177 million person-months during 2005–2021 using Japan Medical Data Center claims database in Japan. We investigated trends in incidence rates of influenza and changes in healthcare resource use (eg, use of antivirals) over 17 years. Generalized estimation equations were used to investigate the impact of the 2009 influenza pandemic and the coronaviral disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on incidence rates of influenza and related healthcare utilization.

Results:
Annual incidence rates of influenza were estimated at 55 cases per 1000 person-years with a 93% relative increase [95% confidence interval (CI): 80%–107%] during the 2009 influenza pandemic and a 99.4% relative reduction (95% CI: 99.3%–99.4%) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Similar patterns were observed for health resource use, total healthcare costs, admission rates and antiviral agent use. Approximately 80% of children with influenza received prescriptions for antivirals. The most prescribed antivirals were oseltamivir, but we observed a temporal increase in zanamivir use during 2007–2009, an increasing trend in laminamivir use during 2010–2017, a temporal increase in baloxavir use in 2018. Symptomatic medications with serious side effects (codeine, salicylate, sedative antihistamine) showed decreasing trends over the study period.

Conclusions:
Influenza incidence and healthcare resource use were largely affected by the 2009 influenza pandemic and the COVID-19 pandemic. Our study indicates improvement of quality in healthcare delivered to children.
Characteristics of retracted publications related to pain research: a systematic review
Authors: Ferraro Michael C. , Moore R. Andrew , de C Williams Amanda C. , Fisher Emma , Stewart Gavin , Ferguson McKenzie C. , Eccleston Christopher , O'Connell Neil E. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Retraction is a mechanism for correcting the scientific record and alerts readers when a study contains unreliable or flawed data. Such data may arise from error or research misconduct. Studies examining the landscape of retracted publications provide insight into the extent of unreliable data and its effect on a medical discipline. We aimed to explore the extent and characteristics of retracted publications in pain research. We searched the EMBASE, PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Retraction Watch databases to December 31, 2022. We included retracted articles that (1) investigated mechanisms of painful conditions, (2) tested treatments that aimed to reduce pain, or (3) measured pain as an outcome. Descriptive statistics were used to summarise the included data. We included 389 pain articles published between 1993 and 2022 and retracted between 1996 and 2022. There was a significant upward trend in the number of retracted pain articles over time. Sixty-six percent of articles were retracted for reasons relating to misconduct. The median (interquartile range) time from article publication to retraction was 2 years (0.7-4.3). The time to retraction differed by reason for retraction, with data problems, comprising data falsification, duplication, and plagiarism, resulting in the longest interval (3 [1.2-5.2] years). Further investigations of retracted pain articles, including exploration of their fate postretraction, are necessary to determine the impact of unreliable data on pain research.
Improving Golden Hour Care Coordination
Authors: Ardern Julena , Hayward Brooke , Vandal Alain C. , Martin-Babin Margot , Coomarasamy Christin , McKinlay Chris 
Published: June 2023

Study Aim:
To investigate whether use of admission lanyards improves nurse confidence, care coordination, and infant health outcomes during neonatal emergency admissions.

Methods:
Admission lanyards that defined team roles, tasks, and responsibilities were evaluated in a mixed-methods, historically controlled, and nonrandomized intervention study. Methods included (i) 81 pre- and postintervention surveys to explore nurse confidence, (ii) 8 postintervention semistructured interviews to elicit nurse perceptions of care coordination and nurse confidence, and (iii) a quantitative comparison of infant care coordination and health outcomes for 71 infant admissions before and 72 during the intervention.

Results:
Nurse participants reported that using lanyards during neonatal admissions improved clarity of roles and responsibilities, communication, and task delegation, contributing to better admission flow, team leadership, accountability, and improved nurse confidence. Care coordination outcomes showed significantly improved time to stabilization for intervention infants. Radiographies for line placement were performed 14.4 minutes faster, and infants commenced intravenous nutrition 27.7 minutes faster from time of admission. Infant health outcomes remained similar between groups.

Conclusion:
Admission lanyards were associated with improved nurse confidence and care coordination during neonatal emergency admissions, significantly reducing time to stabilization for infants, shifting outcomes closer to the Golden Hour.
Application of Knee Robotic Orthosis to Improve the Walking Performance of People with Post-Polio Syndrome
Authors: Ng Chu Kei , Wong Kin Fong , Yu King Pong , Chan Ka Leung , Ng Sin Wa Serena 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Poliomyelitis has been considered a statutory notifiable infectious disease in Hong Kong since 1948. Approximately 15% to 80% of patients suffer from post-polio syndrome (PPS) with an increased risk of falling and chronic pain. Most of them relied on the use of knee lock-type orthoses as aids. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of using a custom-fit knee robotic orthosis on their gait performance.

Materials and Methods
A case series report was used for this study on a group of individuals suffering from chronic PPS who used orthoses and had a history of falling. A knee robotic orthosis was custom-fit for eight sessions of walking practice. Assessments included laboratory gait analysis, functional measures, and subjective ratings of exertional level. Pain responses were recorded to evaluate the effect of using the knee robotic orthosis on participants’ gait performance.

Results
Five participants completed the study in using the knee robotic orthosis. All achieved reduction in shoulder tilting and trunk swaying movement on walking at the anterior-posterior and the medial-lateral direction. A total of 80% of the study participants achieved reduction in trunk rotation movement, lower-limb circumduction, and hip hiking movement on the affected side on walking. All study participants were able to demonstrate improvement in their gait symmetry after using the knee robotic orthosis as reflected by the symmetric index improvement of kinematics. The rate of perceived exertion and the visual analog scale of pain in all study participants were reported lower when they used the knee robotic orthosis. However, the 10-m walking time achieved was longer.

Conclusions
The knee robotic orthosis had a positive effect on remediating the abnormal kinematics of PPS patients using conventional lock-knee orthosis after eight sessions of training practice. Reduction in the limping gait pattern and improvement in gait symmetry was achieved in using a knee robotic orthosis for walking. The chronic pain response and the physical exertional level on walking were also reduced. However, the walking speed achieved was slower.

Clinical Relevance
The application of the knee robotic orthosis for walking assist is new to most of the PPS patients. The positive outcomes achieved merit further research for future clinical practice.
Efficacy of Rifaximin in Patients With Abdominal Bloating or Distension
Authors: Arora Umang , Sachdeva Karan , Garg Prerna , Baitha Upendra , Kedia Saurabh , Kalaivani Mani , Ahuja Vineet , Kumar Arvind , Ranjan Piyush , Vikram Naval K. , Sinha Sanjeev , Biswas Ashutosh , Wig Naveet 
Published: June 2023

Background:
Abdominal bloating is a common complaint in patients with functional and organic bowel disease. Rifaximin, a nonabsorbable antibiotic, has been tried for the treatment of this disease. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to study the efficacy of rifaximin in abdominal bloating and distension in patients with functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID).

Methods:
We accessed 4 databases (MEDLINE, Embase, SCOPUS, and Web of Science) to identify randomized placebo-controlled trials that utilized rifaximin in FGID. We excluded observational studies, those including patients with organic bowel disorders such as inflammatory bowel diseases, or those in which rifaximin was given for other indications, such as hepatic encephalopathy.

Results:
A total of 1426 articles were available, of which 813 articles were screened after removing duplicates and 34 articles were selected for full-text review. Finally, 10 trials (3326 patients) were included. Rifaximin was administered in doses ranging from 400 to 1650 mg per day for 1 to 2 weeks. Rifaximin therapy led to a higher likelihood of improvement in symptoms of bloating (44.6% vs. 34.6%, RR 1.22, 95% CI 1.11, 1.35; n=2401 patients) without significant heterogeneity. However, daily doses less than 1200 mg/day were similar to placebo (P=0.09). Bloating was quantified subjectively in 7 studies, and rifaximin led to a greater reduction in bloating scores compared with placebo (standardized mean difference −0.3, 95% CI −0.51, −0.1, P=0.04) but carried significant heterogeneity (I
2=61.6%, P=0.01).

Conclusions:
Rifaximin therapy is associated with an increased likelihood of improvement in bloating and distension, as well as reduces the subjective severity of these symptoms in patients with FGID.
Second Version of the Short Form 6-Dimension Value Set Elicited From Patients With Breast and Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Touré Moustapha , Pavic Michel , Poder Thomas G. 
Published: June 2023

Background:Quality-adjusted life-year instruments help comparison among programs by capturing their effects in terms of utility. Generic instruments are applicable to everyone, and for this reason, they are known to lack sensitivity when measuring gains in some domains. Specific instruments tend to fill this gap but, in domains like cancer, existing instruments are either nonpreferences-based or based on the general population’s preferences.Patients and Methods:This study describes the development of a new value set for a well-known and highly used generic instrument, the Second Version of the Short Form 6-Dimension, to better consider the preferences of patients with cancer. In this aim, a hybrid approach combining the time trade-off and the discrete choice experiment was used. The population of interest was the Quebec population, Canada, with breast or colorectal cancer. Their preferences were elicited in 2 periods: before (T1) and 8 days after the beginning of a chemotherapy procedure (T2).Results:A total of 2808 observations for the time trade-off and 2520 observations for the discrete choice experiment were used. The parsimonious model encompassing the 2 periods was the preferred model. The new value set allows a greater utility range than the EQ-5D-5L and the Second Version of the Short Form 6-Dimension reference value sets and helps in better considering patients experiencing severe health situations. A good correlation between these 2 instruments and other specific cancer instruments (ie, European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire, QLU-C10D, and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General) was observed. Significative differences in utility values were also noted within periods and types of cancer.
Adverse Childhood Experiences, Depression, and Intimate Partner Violence Among Chinese Immigrant Women
Authors: Li Yang , Dong Fanghong , Herbell Kayla 
Published: June 2023

Background
Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are associated with an increased risk of depression and intimate partner violence (IPV). Social support and partner support may help explain this association. Few researchers have focused on Chinese immigrant women, who are less likely than native-born women to seek help for mental health challenges and IPV.

Objective
The purpose of this study was to examine the mediation effects of social and partner support on the relationship between (a) ACEs and (b) depressive symptoms and IPV among Chinese immigrant women living in the United States.

Methods
This is a secondary analysis of data from 475 Chinese immigrant women recruited online. Depressive symptoms, IPV, ACEs, perceived social support, and perceived partner support were measured cross-sectionally. Mediation analyses were conducted to test the mediating role of social and partner support on the associations between ACEs and depressive symptoms and IPV.

Results
Social support and partner support fully mediated the relationship between ACEs and depressive symptoms. However, partner support only partially mediated the relationship between ACEs and IPV.

Discussion
ACEs indirectly affect depressive symptoms by undermining both general perceptions of support and perceived partner support. The findings of this study underscore the critical influence of a lack of partner support in mediating the effects of ACEs on Chinese immigrant women’s risk of IPV. Promoting strong existing support networks, creating new support resources, and improving partner relationships are important targets for interventions to mitigate the effects of ACEs on depression and IPV in Chinese immigrant women.