bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pharmacokinetics and Bioequivalence of 2 Products of Fluticasone Propionate Nasal Spray in Healthy Chinese Subjects
Authors: Wang Pengkai , Li Yuan , Xu Bing , Zhang Ping , Cui Chang , Li Xin 
Published: January 2025

AbstractFluticasone propionate nasal spray is widely regarded as a first‐line therapy for allergic rhinitis. To establish bioequivalence between the test and reference products of fluticasone propionate nasal spray, an open‐label, randomized, single‐dose, and 2‐sequence crossover study was conducted on 84 healthy Chinese subjects under fasting conditions to determine the pharmacokinetic bioequivalence of the 2 products. Following a single‐dose administration (200 µg) of fluticasone propionate nasal spray, pharmacokinetic parameters, including maximum plasma concentration, area under the concentration–time curve from administration to the last measurable concentration, and area under the concentration–time curve from administration to infinity, exhibited similarity between the 2 products, with 90% confidence intervals for the test/reference ratios falling within the bioequivalence range of 80%‐125%.
Dissociation of hydrogen and formation of water at the (010) and (111) surfaces of orthorhombic FeNbO4
Authors: Wang Xingyu , Santos-Carballal David , de Leeuw Nora 
Published: January 2025

The orthorhombic structure of FeNbO4, where the Fe and Nb cations are distributed randomly over the octahedral 4c sites, has shown excellent promise as an anode material in solid oxide fuel cells. We have used DFT+U‐D2 calculations to explore the adsorption and dissociation of H2 molecules and the formation reaction of water at the (010) and (111) surfaces. Simulations of the surface properties confirmed that the bandgaps are significantly reduced compared to the bulk material. We found that the hydrogen molecule prefers to dissociate at the O bridge sites of the (010) and (111) surfaces, especially where these are coordinated to Fe cations, thereby forming two hydroxyl groups. We have investigated the water formation reaction and found that the energy barriers for migration of the H ions are generally lower for the Fe/Nb‐O sites than for the O‐O site. Overall, our simulations predict that after dissociation, the H atoms tend to remain stable in the form of Olayer‐H groups, whereas a larger barrier needs to be overcome to achieve the formation of water. Future work will focus on potential surface modifications to reduce further the barrier of migration of the dissociated H ions, especially from the oxygen bridge sites.
Using predictive models to identify kelp refuges in marine protected areas for management prioritization
Authors: Young Mary A. , Critchell Kay , Sams Michael A. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractKelp forests serve as the foundation for shallow marine ecosystems in many temperate areas of the world but are under threat from various stressors, including climate change. To better manage these ecosystems now and into the future, understanding the impacts of climate change and identifying potential refuges will help to prioritize management actions. In this study, we use a long‐term dataset of observations of kelp percentage cover for two dominant canopy‐forming species off the coast of Victoria, Australia: Ecklonia radiata and Phyllospora comosa. These observations were collected across three scuba sampling programs that extend from 1998 to 2019. We then associated those observations with habitat and environmental variables including depth, seafloor structure, wave climate, currents, temperature, and population connectivity in generalized additive mixed‐effects models and used these models to develop predictive maps of kelp cover across the Victorian marine protected areas (MPAs). These models were also used to project kelp coverage into the future by replacing wave climate and temperature with future projections (2090, Representative Concentration Pathways [RCPs] 4.5 and 8.5). Once the spatial predictions were compiled, we calculated percent cover change from 1998 to 2019, stability over the same period, and future predicted change in percent cover (2019–2090) to understand the dynamics for each species across the MPAs. We also used the current percentage cover, stability, and future percentage cover to develop a ranking system for classifying the maps into very unlikely refugia, unlikely refugia, neutral, potential refugia, and likely refugia. A management framework was then developed to use those refugia ranking values to inform management actions, and we applied this framework across three case studies: one at the scale of the MPA network and two at the scale of individual MPAs, one where management decisions were the same for both species, and one where the actions were species‐specific. This study shows how species distribution models, both contemporary and with future projections, can help to identify potential refugia areas that can be used to prioritize management decisions and future‐proof restoration actions.
Exercise‐induced dynamic mitral regurgitation is associated with outcomes in patients with ischaemic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Spieker Maximilian , Sidabras Jonas , Lagarden Hannah , Christian Lucas , Günther Niklas , Angendohr Stephan , Bejinariu Alexandru , Schulze P. Christian , Pfister Roman , Öztürk Can , Westenfeld Ralf , Horn Patrick , Polzin Amin , Kelm Malte , Rana Obaida 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAimsIschaemic mitral regurgitation (MR) is a dynamic condition influenced by global and regional left ventricular remodelling as well as mitral valvular deformation. Exercise testing plays a substantial role in assessing the haemodynamic relevance of MR and is recommended by current guidelines. We aimed to assess the prevalence, haemodynamic consequences, and prognostic impact of dynamic MR using isometric handgrip exercise.Methods and resultsHeart failure patients with ischaemic cardiomyopathy and at least mild MR who underwent handgrip echocardiography at the University Hospital Duesseldorf between January 2018 and September 2021 were enrolled. Patients were followed‐up for 1 year to assess a combined endpoint including all‐cause mortality, heart failure hospitalization, mitral valve surgery/interventions, ventricular assist device implantation and heart transplantation. One hundred thirty‐three patients with ischaemic cardiomyopathy were included (age 75 ± 10 years; 21% female; LVEF 35 ± 9%). At rest, 70 patients (53%) presented with mild MR, 54 patients had moderate MR (41%), and 9 patients (7%) showed severe MR. Twenty‐five patients (20%) with non‐severe MR at rest, developed severe MR during handgrip exercise. Patients with dynamic MR had larger left atrial dimensions, increased wall motion score index and larger tenting area at rest. Multivariate analysis identified MR severity during exercise [HR 1.998 (1.367–2.938)] and exercise TAPSE [HR 0.913 (0.853–0.973)] as predictors of the combined endpoint.ConclusionsThe haemodynamic changes provoked by isometric exercise unmasked dynamic severe MR in a significant number of patients with non‐severe MR at rest. These data may have implications for therapeutic decision‐making in symptomatic patients with non‐severe MR at rest.
Enabling icIEF Peak Identification of AAV Capsid Proteins by Fractionation on MauriceFlex and Subsequent Analysis by LC–MS
Authors: McElroy Will , Huang Sisi , He Xiaoping , Zhou Cheng , Heger Christopher D. , Powers Thomas W. , Anderson Melissa M. , Sloan Courtney , Lerch Thomas F. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTA significant limitation of imaged capillary electric focusing (icIEF) is the inability to identify and characterize specific species in the electropherogram. This has led to the development of complementary ion‐exchange chromatography (IEX)‐based methods that are amenable to either fraction collection and subsequent characterization or online IEX coupled to mass spectrometry. To overcome this limitation while maintaining the use of icIEF, novel approaches, including an icIEF separation and fractionation technology (MauriceFlex, ProteinSimple), have been developed. This approach enables the fractionation of various icIEF peaks, which can then be characterized by mass spectrometry to confirm the identity of the separated charged species. Herein, the MauriceFlex technology was applied to adeno‐associated viral (AAV) gene therapy products, which contain a DNA transgene packaged into a protein capsid and have shown tremendous therapeutic potential in recent years. Utilizing the MauriceFlex system, we developed an approach for the separation of charged species from AAV capsid viral proteins (VP) by icIEF and subsequent characterization by liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry (LC–MS). When applying the same sample preparation, charge profiles of AAV capsid proteins on the MauriceFlex instrument were demonstrated to be consistent with those from the original Maurice platform, the industrial gold standard. Optimization of the VP icIEF fractionation method required the development of a method for low concentration samples, optimization of mobilization conditions, enhancement of fraction recovery, and maintenance of protein stability post fractionation. Herein, we were able to successfully collect charge‐separated VP fraction samples and subsequently analyze them by MS analysis. In addition, a workflow for AAV capsid protein characterization based on icIEF separation and fractionation coupled with downstream LC–MS has been established for the confirmation of VP identity and additional characterization of capsid protein heterogeneity.
Synthesis and Evaluation of PCL/Chitosan/CQD‐Fe Magnetic Nanocomposite for Wound Healing: Emphasis on Gene Expression
Authors: Abed Elham Maghareh , Yazdian Fatemeh , Sepahi Abbas Akhavan , Rasekh Behnam 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe development of an effective and rapid method for healing the skin is of crucial importance. In this study, we prepared a porous scaffold made of polycaprolactone (PCL) and carbon quantum dots (CQDs), Fe, and Chitosan (Cs) as the scaffold core to cover the skin. Then evaluated antibacterial, biocompatibility, and wound healing properties as well as the expression of genes effective in wound healing. The PCL/Cs/CQD‐Fe scaffold was synthesized via electrospinning and was evaluated of morphology, functional groups, and structure through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and x‐ray diffraction (XRD). The viability of the L929 fibroblast stem cells was obtained. The antibacterial effect, biocompatibility, and wound healing efficiency of the scaffold were investigated through minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), (3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), and tissue analysis. The relative expression of genes platelet‐derived growth factor (PDGF), transforming growth factor beta (TGF‐β), and matrix metalloproteinase‐1 (MMP1) was assessed through RT‐PCR. The results of SEM showed the successful integration of the PCL scaffold with CQD‐Fe and Cs. The mean size of PCL/Cs/CQD‐Fe nanocomposite was in the range of 0.135–32.6 nm. The results of FTIR showed the formation of a link between CQD nanoparticles and Fe. The vibrating‐sample magnetometer (VSM) proved the super para magnetism of the CQD‐Fe magnetic nanoparticles (0.38 emu/g). The MIC of Cs/CQD‐Fe against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria was 0.08 and 0.04 µg/mL, respectively. The mean expression of genes TGF‐β and PDGF in the nanocomposite group were 0.05 and 0.015 on day 5 and 0.18 and 0.34 on day 15 and significantly increased after 15 days, whereas the mean expression of MMP1 in the nanocomposite group was 0.63 on day 5 and 0.12 on day 15 and significantly decreased after 15 days. According to the histological analysis, the thickest layer on Day 15 pertained to the nanocomposite group. Our findings indicated that PCL/Cs/CQD‐Fe can improve skin regeneration due to its antibacterial effect, biocompatibility, and non‐toxicity. This biocompatible nanocomposite is a scaffold that can be used for covering the skin.
A Blueprint for Building Resilience and Food Security in MENA and SSA Drylands: Diversifying Agriculture With Neglected and Underutilized Species
Authors: Devkota Krishna Prasad , Devkota Mina , Mabhaudhi Tafadzwanashe , Nangia Vinay , Attaher Samar , Boroto Ruhiza Jean , Timsina Jagadish , Siddique Kadambot H. M. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTDrylands, encompassing 41% of global land and supporting over 2 billion people, face significant challenges, including water scarcity, extreme temperatures, and soil degradation. Dryland spans vast areas of Middle East and North Africa (MENA) and Sub‐Sahara Africa (SSA) regions and poses a threat to food security and resilience. This study examines the potential of neglected and underutilized species (NUS) to improve dryland food and nutrition security, focusing on their agronomic performance, water productivity, economic viability, and nutritional benefits. Using long‐term data from FAOSTAT, USDA Food Data Central, and peer‐reviewed literature, we analyzed trends in the cultivation, yield, and nutritional contributions of 26 NUS across 22 countries in the MENA region comparing them with major staples—rice, wheat, and maize. Between 1961 and 2022, NUS crop areas in MENA fluctuated, decreasing by 7.0% since 2018 to 21.17 Mha. Despite this, NUS demonstrated superior water productivity—up to 30% higher than major cereals. For instance, sorghum and cowpea achieved 2.5 kg/m3 compared to maize (0.83 kg/m3) and wheat (0.91 kg/m3) and exhibited strong heat tolerance, withstanding temperatures of up to 42°C and 38°C, respectively. Despite a negative trade balance, NUS significantly contributed to dietary calories, surpassing wheat. A field experiment in Merchouch, Morocco, confirmed that NUS offered a higher economic value per unit than wheat, and outperformed conventional crops across key indicators. Integrating NUS into dryland farming systems can enhance food security, sustainability, and resilience to climate change. Advancing NUS requires breeding programs, tailored good agricultural practices, value addition and market linkage, supportive policies, and farmer education. Collaborative efforts among international organizations, governments, and civil society are crucial to mainstreaming NUS in agrifood systems and contributing to the diversity, sustainability, and resilience of dryland farming systems in MENA and SSA regions.
Formulation and Characterization of Multi‐Source Edible Oils From Groundnut and African Walnuts Oils and Their Effect on Some Biochemical Parameters of High Fat Diet Induced Obese Wistar Rats
Authors: Douky Wendy Audrey Etongue , Ufuan Achidi Aduni , Djikeng Fabrice Tonfack , Sylvia Ninying Veshe‐Teh Zemoh , Djikeng Flavie Tonkeu , Womeni Hilaire Macaire 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis study aimed at evaluating the effect of multi‐source edible oils from groundnut and African walnut oils in the management of obesity in high fat diet induced‐obese Wistar rats. Groundnut oil (GO), African walnut oil (WO), and their 50:50 and 60:40 blends (GO:WO) were used and tested for their quality. For the in vivo part, 42 albino Wistar rats were used. They were divided into 7 groups containing 6 rats each. Group 1 received the normal diet and groups 2 to 7 the high‐fat diet for 60 days. Group 3 was treated with orlistat, and groups 4–7 with oils for 28 days. The rats were sacrificed and the sera prepared from the blood which were used for biochemical analyses (lipid profile and serum enzymes). Results showed that the oils used had good quality. The oils significantly (p < 0.05) decreased the serum lipids (except for HDL which increased), total cholesterol/HDL ratios, and the atherogenic index. Aspartate aminotransferase (ASP) and creatinine were significantly decreased (p < 0.05) in treated and normal groups. For alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, the normal group and those treated with orlistat and GO presented the lowest (p < 0.05) concentrations. GO, WO, and their blends can be recommended as food ingredient for obese patients.
Feasibility and Acceptability of the Mazi Umntanakho Digital Tool in South African Settings: A Qualitative Evaluation
Authors: Draper Catherine E. , Cook Caylee J. , Ankrah Elizabeth A. , Beltran Jesus A. , Cibrian Franceli L. , Lakes Kimberley D. , Mofid Hanna , Williams Lucretia , Hayes Gillian R. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTTo address the need for interventions targeting social emotional development and mental health of young children in South Africa, the Mazi Umntanakho (‘know your child’) digital tool was co‐designed, and piloted with caregivers and 3–5‐year‐old children involved in home visiting programmes promoting early childhood development. The aim of this study was to qualitatively evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of this tool in four urban and four rural low‐income communities, from the perspective of home visitors and caregivers. Focus groups were conducted with home visitors (n = 117) and caregivers (n = 72). Issues relating to the feasibility of implementing the tool included timing of using the tool, technical and social implementation challenges, WhatsApp as the preferred platform, and participants' recommendations for future implementation. Overall, the tool was acceptable for home visitors and caregivers and was perceived to have a positive impact on children's development, and the relationship between caregivers and children.
Comparison of ovarian reserve after laparoscopic cystectomy in patients with ovarian endometriosis differ in cyst size: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Liu Weihe , Zhao Tingting , Zheng Zetong , Huang Jia , Tan Jifan 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundWhether cyst size affects ovarian reserve before and after surgery remains controversial.ObjectiveThe objective of this study is to determine whether cyst size causes differences in pre‐ and post‐ovarian reserve impairment among patients with endometrioma.Search StrategyPubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure were searched from inception to October 13, 2023.Selection CriteriaWe included prospective studies comparing the ovarian reserve parameters of patients with endometrioma preoperatively and at different time points postoperatively between large and small groups, determined by self‐defined cut‐off values in eligible studies.Data Collection and AnalysisBias was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. Standardized mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used for outcome measures.Main Outcome Measure(s)The main outcome measures are serum anti‐Müllerian hormone (AMH) and antral follicle count (AFC) preoperatively and at different time points postoperatively (primary and secondary aims).Main ResultsSeven trials (603 participants) were included, all of which qualified for meta‐analysis. Irrespective of the cut‐off values, the SMD showed that the serum AMH level was significantly lower in large groups at 1 month postoperatively (SMD = −0.515 ng/mL, 95% CI [−0.858, −0.172], P = 0.003, = 44.3%). Subgroup analyses indicated that when the cut‐off values were limited to 5 cm in diameter, the AMH levels were significantly lower in large groups (SMD = −0.822 ng/mL, 95% CI [−1.605, −0.039], P = 0.040, = 58.3%) 1 month after the surgery, and when cut‐off values were limited to 7 cm, even at 3 months postoperatively, the serum AMH levels of patients with large endometrioma were still significantly lower than those with small endometrioma (SMD = −0.531 ng/mL, 95% CI [−0.818, −0.245], P = 0.000, = 0.0%). However, when cut‐off values were not limited, the serum AMH levels did not differ significantly (P > 0.05) between the groups preoperatively and at 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively. Additionally, there were no significant differences (P > 0.05) in the AFC between the groups preoperatively and 1 month postoperatively.ConclusionAMH in patients with different endometrioma sizes recovered to the same level at 6 months postoperatively. Our study provides guidance for the clinical prognostic assessment of patients with large endometriomas after laparoscopic cystectomy.Systematic review registration: CRD42023481967(PROSPERO).
Sustainable Intensification of Forage Cactus by Intercropping Increases Productivity, Profitability and Water Use Efficiency
Authors: Salvador Kaique Renan da Silva , Jardim Alexandre Maniçoba da Rosa Ferraz , Alves Cleber Pereira , Morais José Edson Florentino de , Araújo Júnior George do Nascimento , Souza Carlos André Alves de , Silva Marcelo José da , Santos João Pedro Alves de Souza , Silva Gabriel Italo Novaes da , Santos Agda Raiany Mota dos , Souza Luciana Sandra Bastos de , Queiroz Mário Adriano Ávila , Tabosa José Nildo , Silva Thieres George Freire da 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe objective of this study was to evaluate the changes in growth, productive performance, soil water dynamics, efficiency and economic return in production systems with forage cactus under monoculture and intercropping. The two experiments were conducted during 2017 and 2020 in the semi‐arid region of Brazil. The forage cactus experiment involved monoculture and intercropping with pigeon pea, forage sunflower and sorghum (‘2502’) in all systems with mulch in the soil. The second forage cactus experiment involved monoculture and intercropping with millet and sorghum varieties (‘SF15’ and ‘1011’) without mulch in the soil. The cutting time was reduced by 155 accumulated degree‐days (51 days) in the cactus‐‘1011’ system. The cactus‐‘2502’ and cactus‐‘SF15’ systems presented the highest yields, with fresh and dry matter values equal to 272 and 52 Mg ha−1 (~13 months) and 1025 and 93 Mg ha−1 (~16 months), respectively. In general, the actual evapotranspiration of the intercropped crops was relatively high in terms of revenue, with the cactus‐‘SF15’ crop standing out (US$ 26,100). Although intercropping affects the individual growth of the forage cactus, it promotes greater productivity (cactus‐‘2502’ and cactus‐‘SF15’), earlier cutting (cactus‐‘1011’), water use efficiency (cactus‐‘2502’ and cactus‐‘SF15’) and economic return for the production system (cactus‐‘2502’ and cactus‐‘SF15’).