bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and Safety of Mizoribine for the Treatment of Refractory Nephrotic Syndrome: Protocol for a Multicenter, Controlled, Open-label, Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Dong Zheyi , Zhou Jianhui , Xu Zhonggao , Ni Zhaohui , He Yani , Lin Hongli , Jiang Gengru , Sun Xuefeng , Zhang Li , Chen Xiangmei 
Published: March 2023

Background
Nephrotic syndrome that is resistant to steroid therapy is termed refractory nephrotic syndrome (RNS), a condition that is associated with an increased risk of end-stage renal disease. Immunosuppressants are used to treat RNS; however, prolonged use may lead to significant adverse effects. Mizoribine (MZR) is a novel agent used in long-term immunosuppressive therapy, which has few adverse effects, but data on its long-term use in patients with RNS are unavailable.

Objective
We propose a trial to examine the efficacy and safety of MZR compared with cyclophosphamide (CYC) in Chinese adult patients with RNS.

Methods
This is a multicenter, randomized, controlled interventional study with a screening phase (1 week) and a treatment phase (52 weeks). This study has been reviewed and approved by the Medical Ethics Committees of all 34 medical centers that are participating. Patients with RNS consent to participation, and are enrolled and randomized to an MZR group or a CYC group (1:1 ratio), with each group receiving tapering doses of oral corticosteroids. Participants are assessed for adverse effects, and laboratory results are collected at 8 visits during the treatment phase (weeks 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 32, 44, and 52 [exit visit]). Participants are able to withdraw voluntarily, and investigators are required to remove patients when there are safety concerns or deviations from the protocol.

Results
The study started in November 2014 and was completed in March 2019. A total of 239 participants from 34 hospitals in China have been enrolled. Data analysis has been completed. The results are being finalized by the Center for Drug Evaluation.

Conclusions
This study examines the safety and efficacy of MZR as a long-term treatment approach for Chinese adults with RNS. It is the longest lasting and largest randomized controlled trial to examine MZR in Chinese patients. The results can help determine whether RNS should be considered as an additional indication for MZR treatment in China.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02257697; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02257697

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
RR1-10.2196/46101
Whataboutisms: The Good, the Bad and the Ugly
Authors: Bowell Tracy 
Published: March 2023

The rhetorical function of whataboutism is to redirect attention from the specific case at hand. Although commonly used as a rhetorical move, whataboutisms can appear in arguments. These tend to be weak arguments and are often instances of the tu quoque fallacy or other fallacies of relevance. In what follows, I show that arguments involving a whataboutist move can take a wide variety of forms, and in some cases, they can occur in good arguments. I end by considering how whataboutist arguing in social justice contexts can be harmful to arguers and to the audiences for their arguments.
Caracterización de pacientes con diagnóstico de hepatitis autoinmune en un hospital de cuarto nivel de Cali, 2014-2020
Authors: Díaz Ramírez Gabriel Sebastian , Jimenez Rivera Diego Fernando , Escobar Diana Marcela , Vargas Potes Carlos Julio , Rojas Rodríguez Carlos Arturo , Rojas Rojas Nelson Enrique 
Published: March 2023

Introducción: La hepatitis autoinmune (HAI) es una enfermedad inflamatoria crónica del hígado. Es una entidad que no se puede considerar infrecuente, por la falta de datos epidemiológicos, es poco reconocida y tiene implicaciones en el riesgo y aparición de enfermedad hepática avanzada; así mismo, es poco reconocida por los clínicos, y muchas veces se detecta en estadios avanzados. El objetivo de éste estudio es describir las características sociodemográficas, clínicas y de laboratorio, así como, los tratamientos recibidos y la respuesta a éstos, y los desenlaces de interés de los pacientes adultos con diagnóstico de hepatitis autoinmune atendidos en un hospital universitario de la ciudad de Cali, Colombia.
Materiales y métodos: Estudio observacional de cohorte histórica, incluyó pacientes mayores de 18 años de ambos sexos con diagnóstico de HAI atendidos en los servicios de urgencias, consulta externa, cuidado intensivo y hospitalización del Hospital Universitario Fundación Valle del Lili entre enero del 2014 y diciembre del 2019.
Resultados: Un total de 389 pacientes cumplieron los criterios de inclusión (fig.1). El 86% de los pacientes eran mujeres, la mediana de edad era de 50 años (RIC 36-60). Sobre el tratamiento farmacológico, prednisolona y azatioprina fueron los medicamentos más frecuentemente utilizados para el tratamiento de inducción y de mantenimiento. El esquema de prednisolona o prednisolona con azatioprina se aplicó en el 77%, otro tipo de tratamientos iniciales se dieron en 27 pacientes.
Conclusión: La hepatitis autoinmune es una patología cada vez más buscada, cuyo pronóstico está relacionado con la detección, estadificación y tratamiento tempranos. Las dificultades en el diagnóstico histológico en países de bajos recursos pone de manifiesto el requerimiento de buscar alternativas no invasivas y disponibles para detección de fibrosis.
PERSPECTIVES FOR THE CONSIDERATION OF CULTURAL TRAUMA IN THE LIGHT OF AN EXISTENTIAL APPROACH USING THE EXAMPLE OF THE ADAPTATION PROCESS OF MIGRANTS TO THE SOCIO-CULTURAL CONDITIONS OF A SMALL TOWN (USING THE EXAMPLE OF CHITA IN THE TRANSBAIKALIA REGION)
Authors: Ананьина Дарья Александровна , Кондакова Наталья Сергеевна , Терентьева Анастасия Вадимовна 
Published: March 2023

Социальная повестка дня сегодняшнего актуализирует необходимость сфокусированного внимания к процессам, сопровождающим феномен миграции на территорию Забайкальского края. Традиционно малая плотность населения региона вкупе с неблагоприятными социально-экономическими и климатическими условиями, создавшими дополнительный импульс к убыли коренного населения, способствовали возрастанию миграционных потоков из Центральной Азии. Изменяющееся количественное соотношение доли мигрантов в населении города предопределяет трансформацию социальных институтов под их потребности, а также создает посыл к исследованию явлений, возникших вследствие миграции. Социокультурная адаптация мигрантов подразумевает под собой не только формальное включение в культурный контекст принимающей стороны, но и психологическую перестройку под требования нового культурного пространства. Экзистенциальный опыт, переживаемый мигрантами в момент осознания неприменимости прежних ментальных установок к новой ситуации, сопряжен со значительным стрессогенным воздействием, которое рассматривается в настоящем исследовании через призму культурной травмы. При этом успешность ее преодоления во многом обусловлена такими факторами, как наличие «миграционного бэкграунда», возраст миграции, а также специфика опыта отношений с представителями принимающего сообщества.
Today’s social agenda emphasizes the need to pay special attention to the processes accompanying migration to the Transbaikal region. In the past, the low population density of the region, combined with unfavorable socioeconomic and climatic conditions that gave additional impetus to the decline of the indigenous population, contributed to an increase in migration flows from Central Asia. The changing quantitative ratio of the share of migrants in the urban population determines the reshaping of social institutions to meet their needs, and also provides an opportunity to study phenomena that have arisen as a result of migration. The socio-cultural adaptation of migrants implies a formal insertion into the receiving party’s cultural context and a psychological restructuring to meet the demands of a new cultural space. The existential experience migrants undergo when they realize the inapplicability of their previous mental attitudes to a new situation is associated with a significant stressor, which in this study is viewed through the prism of cultural trauma. At the same time, success in coping with trauma depends largely on factors such as the presence of a “migration background”, the age of migration, and the specifics of experiences in relationships with representatives of the host society.
Vastuullisuusviestinnän paineet ja haasteet
Authors: Bruun Laura , Rydenfelt Henrik 
Published: March 2023

Vastuullisuusviestintää koskevat kysymykset ovat nousseet ajankohtaisiksi kaikenkokoisten yritysten arjessa. Tutkimus on aiemmin keskittynyt suurimpien kansainvälisten suuryritysten julkiseen vastuullisuusraportointiin, mutta nyt se on alkanut osoittaa kiinnostusta myös pienempien yritysten vastuullisuusviestintään. Tässä artikkelissa, jonka aineisto ja taustakirjallisuus perustuu vuoden 2021 pro gradu -tutkielmaan (Takki 2021), tarkastelemme haastattelututkimuksen keinoin vastuullisuusviestintää koskevaa ajattelua suomalaisissa keskisuurissa ja suurissa yrityksissä. Tutkimme vastuullisuusviestintään johtavia paineita ja motiiveja sekä siihen liitettyjä ongelmia ja haasteita. Esitämme, että vastuullisuusviestinnän paineet ja haasteet tuottavat yrityksille ristipainetta, joka johtaa jopa paradoksaalisiin tilanteisiin.
A study of the impact of solid cast removable dentures with silver electroplating on the condition of patients
Authors: Nikonov Andriy , Krynychko Valeriia , Bobrovska Nataliia , Breslavets Nataliia , Smirnova Olha , Muhin Zahar 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Objectives: The aim of our study was to determine the effectiveness and biocompatibility of the use of solid clasp dentures with silver plating in the restoration of partial defects of the dentition.

Methods: The study involved 23 patients with partial secondary adontia after oral rehabilitation. At the first stage, before the start of treatment and after a month of using a clasp prosthesis, patients underwent studies of blood biochemical parameters, Schiller-Pisarev’s test and Papillary-marginal-alveolar index. At the second stage of the research, silver electroplating was applied to the metal parts of the clasp prosthesis and after a month of use, its effect on oral hygiene and blood biochemical parameters was assessed.

Results: After installation of the removable prosthesis with solid structures, the PMA index after the use of silver-plated clasp prosthesis decreased to medium severity, which is explained by positive impact on the inflammatory process in the gums. We can see the stability of biochemical parameters of blood in patients with solid removable prostheses can serve as a justification for the administration of silver electroplating for prophylactic and therapeutic purposes.

Conclusions: The effectiveness of the use of silver plating in the treatment of partial defects of the dentition eliminates the clinical manifestations of the pathological condition and prevents possible complications in the oral cavity.
Anatomical variations of nutrient foramina on the long bones of the upper extremities - Importance and application in everyday clinical practice
Authors: Dervisevic Lejla , Dervisevic Amela , Ajanovic Zurifa , Kapur Eldan , Lujinovic Almira , Voljevica Alma , Talović Elvira 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Objectiv: Anatomic characterization of the nutrient artery of upper extremity long bones differs among the several textbooks on human anatomy. To elucidate the anatomical features of the nutrient foramen (NF) through which the nutrient arteries pass, we examined the morphology and topography of the NF on the diaphysis of the long bones of the upper extremities.

Methods: A total of 150 (50 humeri, 50 radii, 50 ulnae) macerated and degreased adults, long bones of the upper extremities, unknown age, and gender were used as material in this study. The following parameters were determined for each bone: total number of NF, foramina index (FI), total bone length, position of the NF based on the FI value and the surface of the shaft/body of the bones, and obliquity of the nutritional canal (NC).

Results: The largest number of NF was found on the middle third of the anteromedial side of the humerus diaphysis, with NC directed distally, that is, towards the elbow. Radius and ulna had predominantly one NF, on middle third of anterior surface, with NC directed proximally.

Conclusion: This study provides additional and important information on the location and number of NF in the long bones of the upper and lower extremities in the Bosnian and Herzegovinian population.
Green infrastructure - the smart interpreting of natural capital
Authors: Kabakchieva Dora , Vasileva Vanya 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Humanity continues to degrade natural capital, threatening its long-term sustainability. This more and more categorically imposes the need to create a specific green infrastructure - a response to the natural solutions to the accumulating problems (environmental pollution, floods, natural disasters and cataclysms). The failure of decisions to pay sufficient attention to ecological consequences and to apply systematic measures of high quality are among the main reasons for the current situation in most ecosystems. The fast-paced and highly mechanized way of life of modern man creates the illusion of remoteness from the natural world. Yet all human activity depends entirely on ecosystems and their functions and at the same time has (threatening) impacts on them. Therefore, the achievement of greater efficiency in the use of natural resources and the creation of suitable ecological living conditions are critically important goals both for Europe and for the whole world. Green Infrastructure (GI) is a successfully tested tool for providing environmental, economic and social benefits through environmentally sound solutions. Such a tool helps to understand the values provided by nature to human society and mobilizes investments for their maintenance and growth.
Protected areas in the Stara planina tourist region – current state and prospects for tourism development
Authors: Vasileva Vanya , Sabrieva Sevdzhan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Bulgaria is a country with an extremely diverse nature. Unlike a number of European countries, Bulgarian nature is relatively well preserved. For the purposes of its protection, a network of protected areas was created, which occupy 5.3% of the country’s territory. Bulgaria also participates in a number of international initiatives, which put about 1/3 of the territory of Bulgaria under protection of the natural environment. According to the Protected areas Act in Bulgaria, 6 categories are distinguished - national parks, natural parks, reserves, maintained reserves, protected localities, natural attractions. Among them, important resources for the development of tourism are national parks, natural parks, protected localities and natural attractions. They represent unique sites for the development of alternative forms of tourism such as ecological, cultural-cognitive, route-cognitive tourism, etc. On the other hand, reserves and maintained reserves prohibit tourism activities. The network of protected areas is unevenly developed throughout the country. It is better represented in the mountainous areas, and in the plain parts of the country it is more limited due to the strong anthropogenic changes and the pressure from various human activities. In connection with the preserved nature, the mountains are preferred sites for tourism. The contribution of the protected areas in this regard is significant.
Stara planina tourist region is among the country’s tourist areas with well-defined mountainous characteristics. This is an important prerequisite both for the preservation of nature and for the formation of a suitable environment for recreation and tourism, and the mentioned directions are mutually bound.
The purpose of this article is to valorize the protected areas in Stara Planina tourist region and to highlight the possibilities for their current and future use for the development of tourism.
Teleworking and sustainable behaviour in the context of COVID-19: the case of Lithuania
Authors: Čiarnienė Ramunė , Vienažindienė Milita , Adamonienė Rūta 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
COVID-19 played a significant role in the spread of telework worldwide, changing people’s lives and behaviour. The paper aims to identify how teleworking affected the sustainable behaviour of employees during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research design applies a multi-method approach, combining systematic and comparative scientific literature analysis and a semi-structured interview. The authors of the paper present the theoretical conceptual model, which illustrates links between teleworking during the COVID-19 pandemic and the sustainable behaviour of employees. The results of empirical research revealed that teleworking during the COVID-19 pandemic changed employee behaviour in economic, environmental and social dimensions. Positive changes were identified due to reduced commuting and shopping; decreased costs for transport, food, clothing, and beauty services; better access to healthy and nutritious food; better opportunities for professional development. On the contrary, costs for home energy and household waste increased. Adverse effects on employees’ physical and mental health have been identified due to teleworking and COVID-19. Despite the identified negative effects, employees would like to continue teleworking even after the pandemic.
Forex market as the best possible way of investing money during an economic boom and recession
Authors: Zembura Wojciech 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Since the beginning of the 1980s, a continuous process of integration of national and regional markets into one global market for goods, services and capital can be noticed. Both economic theory and market practice indicate that the level of the exchange rate primarily depends on macroeconomic variables (such as interest rates or the number of new jobs in the non-agricultural sector). The results of the research presented in the article regard the importance of US macroeconomic data publications for the short-term volatility of EUR/USD exchange rate. The main purpose of the study was to show whether macroeconomic data from the United States affects the short-term development of the EUR/USD exchange rate and whether the Forex market is a good way to multiply capital. The following research questions have been posed: does the EUR/USD exchange rate react to the published macroeconomic data from the American economy? Second, is whether investing in the Forex market could be a way to multiply capital in times of economic boom and recession. This paper presents the effects of my own research and observations in terms of the impact of US macroeconomic data, on shaping exchange rates of the Forex market. Based on my own investment experience my goal is to prove, that Forex market is a perfect way to multiply capital. My investment decisions regarding future exchange rate fluctuations, were based on the presented macroeconomic data from the US economy, as well as on the basis of important leading economic indicators. The position was opened and closed on the same day. The trading contracts have been made throughout 7 working days. The underlying financial instruments were EUR/USD and OIL. The conclusions of this study are as follows. The USD/PLN exchange rate reacted to the published macroeconomic data from USA. The strongest exchange rate reaction was noticed after publications of data regarding US Non-farm Payrolls (NFP), Initial Jobless Claims and ISM Services PMI. Strong exchange rate reaction was recorded after ADP US Private Sector Jobs and Factory orders report. When taking described investment examples into account, it can be clearly stated that investing in the Forex market is an excellent alternative to stock investments.
Sustainability Fruit Supply Chain Design in the Context of Decentralized Smallholders: Modelling Framework and Sensitivity Analysis
Authors: Peña-Orozco Diego Leon , Gonzalez-Feliu Jesus , Salazar-Aguirre Leidy Tatiana , Arenas-Ruiz Mayra Alejandra 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This paper aims to examine the sustainability of smallholders’ citrus supply chain characterized by low coordination and the need to reinforce producers’ welfare, through optimization-based decision support method in the field where logistics specialization and global sustainability are required by agricultural producers. More specifically, a mixed-objective and multi-objective linear programming model is developed to achieve a sustainable balance: at the economic level, to reduce the logistics costs associated with the production chain as well as to reduce the environmental impacts in the form of carbon dioxide emissions generated during transport, while at the social level, integration through job creation into a three-echelons fruit supply chain including producers, intermediaries and retailers. The model is applied to four scenarios, whose analyses determine the importance of supply chain costs that cannot be neglected but which lead to an optimum that also reduces environmental burden and increases social welfare. In conclusion, the integration of opposing approaches represented by this model enables the improvement of the performance of the supply chain studied.
Perceived Birth Trauma in Macedonian Women
Authors: Pop-Jordanova Nada , Jakovska-Maretti Tatjana , Zorcec Tatjana 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Although the childbearing is perceived as a normal and happy event, new research shows that psychological birth trauma is, however, a universal and not so rare phenomenon.
Traumatic birth experiences can cause postnatal mental health disturbances, fear of childbirth in subsequent pregnancies and disruption to mother-infant bonding, leading to possible impaired child development.
The purpose of this research was to evaluate collected data from several obstetric clinics, as well as from primary paediatric settings related to ‘Birth Trauma’ in order to review women with symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) following childbirth.
The study is prospective, starting from January 2021 and ending in December 2022. The psychological instrument used in this research is the Intersect Questionnaire, composed of 59 questions grouped in 8 parts.
The obtained results from our study confirmed that birth trauma is not a rare phenomenon in our country. Symptoms correlated with PTSD were present as follows: unpleasant memories (2.7%), anxiety (38.54%), panic (6.47%), trying not to remember the delivery (4.04%), self-accusation (2.16%), negative emotions (1.89%), alienation (4.31%), irritation/aggression (1.89%), self-destruction (1.89%), impulsiveness (4.31%), problems with concentration (3.23%), and sleeping problems (21.88%). These results are alarming. It is imperative to better understand this vulnerable period in a woman’s life.
As a general conclusion, we must highlight the importance of perceived birth trauma in women, phenomena which has been confirmed worldwide and which must be overcome as quickly and as successfully as possible.