bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mining landscape from the first half of the 19th century: evaluation of changes with development landscape metrics in the Ostrava-Karviná Mining District (Czech Republic)
Authors: Popelková Renata , Mulková Monika 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The study presents an analysis of changes in the landscape of the Ostrava-Karviná Mining District (in the Czech Republic) covering the period of more than 170 years. In the area of interest affected by underground coal mining, both areas affected by changes and land cover preserving areas were identified in the study. A detailed assessment of the landscape changes was enabled by using landscape metrics and indices, namely development index and total landscape change index. The underlying data were obtained from maps of stable cadastre (from the year 1836) and aerial images of the years 1947, 1971, and 2009. Visual photointerpretation of aerial images and vectorisation of the maps of stable cadastre made it possible to create land cover maps according to CORINE Land Cover categories. Obtained information on the representation of individual land cover categories were used to identify and to analyse changes in the landscape affected by hard coal mining.
Relationship between impaired sensitivity to thyroid hormones and MAFLD with elevated liver enzymes in the euthyroid population
Authors: Zeng Haixia , Liu Jianping , Zhang Yuying 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Aims
To investigate the association between thyroid hormone sensitivity and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) with elevated liver enzymes in the euthyroid populations.
Methods
A total of 3929 euthyroid adults from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University were included in this study. Thyroid hormone sensitivity indices were calculated by thyroid feedback quantile-based index (TFQI), TSH index (TSHI) and thyrotropin thyroxine resistance index (TT4RI). Associations between thyroid hormones sensitivities and risk of MAFLD, MAFLD with elevated liver enzymes, MAFLD with elevated free fatty acid (FFAs) were assessed with logistic regression.
Results
After adjustment for multiple risk factors, odd ratios (ORs) of the fourth versus the first TFQIFT4 quartile for MAFLD, MAFLD with elevated liver enzymes, and MAFLD with elevated FFAs were 1.778 (95% CI 1.378, 2.293), 1.466 (1.105, 1.945), and 1.936 (1.479, 2.534), respectively (all p < 0.001). Per 1 SD in TFQIFT4, ORs increased 2.27 (95% CI 1.74, 2.97) for MAFLD, 2.05 (1.51, 2.78) for MAFLD with elevated liver enzymes, and 2.43 (1.82, 3.24) for MAFLD with elevated FFAs. The other sensitivity to thyroid hormones indices showed similar associations for MAFLD and MAFLD with elevated liver enzymes.
Conclusions
Impaired sensitivity to thyroid hormone in euthyroid population is associated with MAFLD, MAFLD with elevated liver enzymes, T2DM, hyperuricemia, elevated liver enzymes, and MAFLD with elevated FFAs. TFQIFT4, TFQIFT3, TSHI and TT4RI can be used as new indicators for predicting MAFLD and MAFLD with elevated liver enzymes, While TFQIFT3 performed better than the other three indexes.
Gemcitabine and Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles Impact on Chemically Induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Male Rats
Authors: Osman Soheir A. , Fathy Shadia A. , Mohamed Mohamed R. , Raafat Amany I. , Refaat Mahmoud M. , Hassan Asmaa A. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Gemcitabine (GEM) is a deoxycytidine analog chemotherapeutic drug widely used for the treatment of many cancers. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are important nanomaterials used in the treatment of many diseases such as infectious diseases. Using gamma radiation in nanoparticle preparation is a new eco-friendly method. This study aims to evaluate the efficency of the co-treatment of gemcitabine and silver nanoparticles in hepatocellular carcinoma treatment.
Methods
AgNPs characterization has been done using UV- visible spectroscopy, XRD, TEM, and EDX. Firstly, the MTT cytotoxicity in vitro assay of gemcitabine, doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamide was assessed against Wi38 normal fibroblast and HepG2 HCC cell lines. Then after HCC development, rats received (10µg/g b.wt.) of AgNPs three times a week for four weeks and/or GEM (5mg/kg b.wt.) twice weekly for four weeks. Liver function enzymes were investigated. Cytochrome P450 and miR-21 genes were studied. Apoptosis was determined by using flow cytometry, and apoptotic modifications in signaling pathways were evaluated via Bcl-2, Bax, Caspase-9, and SMAD-4.
Results
The co-treatment of GEM and AgNPs showed upregulation of apoptosis by increasing Bax and caspase 9 while diminishing Bcl2 and SMAD4, amelioration of cytochrome P450 m-RNA relative expression. In addition, the results proved the cooperative effect of GEM and AgNPs in the deactivation of miR21.
Conclusion
The impact of AgNPs as an adjuvant treatment with GEM was recognized. The interaction between AgNPs and Gem can diminish some of the drawbacks of using GEM alone and elevate its efficiency in HCC treatment via enhancing intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways.
Universal predictive scaling laws for phase separation
of prion-like low complexity domains
Authors: Joseph Jerelle , Maristany M. Julia , Gonzalez Anne Aguirre , Collepardo-Guevara Rosana 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Proteins containing prion-like low complexity domains (PLDs) are common drivers of the formation of biomolecular condensates and are prone to misregulation due to amino acid mutations. Here, we exploit the accuracy of our residue-resolution coarse-grained model, Mpipi, to quantify the impact of amino acid mutations on the stability of an unprecedented set of 140 PLD mutants from six proteins (hnRNPA1, TDP43, FUS, EWSR1, RBM14, and TIA1). Our simulations reveal the existence of predictive rules that quantify the range of change in the critical solution temperature of PLDs as a function of the number and
type of amino acid sequence mutations. Remarkably, these rules are consistent with the physicochemical properties of the mutations and extend across the entire family tested, suggesting universal scaling laws govern PLD phase behaviour. Our work offers a quantitative lens into how the emergent behaviour of PLD solutions varies in response to physicochemical changes of single PLD molecules.
Supplementation of L-ascorbic acid and α-tocopherol alleviate arsenic induced immunotoxicities in thymus and spleen by dwindling oxidative stress induced inflammation
Authors: Maity Jeet , Pal Priyankar , Pal Ranjana , Mukhopadhyay Prabir Kumar 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Herein, we investigated whether L-ascorbic acid and α-tocopherol supplementation has potential to alleviate arsenic induced immunotoxicities in thymus, spleen and circulating leukocytes. Forty-eight adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups before the treatments. Group-I (control); Group-II (sodium arsenite, 3mg/Kg/day/rat); Group-III [sodium arsenite + L-Ascorbic acid(L-AA) (200mg/Kg/day/rat) and α-tocopherol (α-T) (400mg/Kg/day/rat)]; Group-IV (L-AA and α-T). The result showed that sodium arsenite exposure (consecutive 30 days) caused weight reduction, structural alterations of thymus and spleen, accompanied by decrease in thymocyte and splenocyte counts. Decreased superoxide dismutase and catalase activities, increased malondialdehyde and protein-carbonyl contents, reduced Nrf2 and Bcl2 expression and increased p-ERK, NF-β, Bax, and cleaved-caspase-3 expression were also observed in thymus and spleen of arsenic exposed rat. Enhanced plasma ACTH and corticosterone, ROS induced apoptosis of lymphocytes were also observed. L-AA and α-T supplement has the potential to abrogate the deleterious impact of arsenic on thymus, spleen and circulating lymphocytes. Whole transcriptome analysis of leukocytes revealed that arsenic treatment augmented the expression of Itga4, Itgam, and MMP9 genes, which might help in transient migration of leukocytes through the endothelial cell layer. Supplementation with L-AA and α-T maintained Itga4, Itgam, and MMP9 gene expression within leukocytes at lower level.
Evaluation of Submergence Limit and Head Loss in Flow Measuring Flumes Using Flow-3d Predictive Modeling
Authors: Fard Saman Mostafazadeh , Samani Zohrab 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Flow measurement is an important aspect of water management. Flumes are proven to be an effective method of measuring flow in channels. The accuracy of these flumes is dependent on the produced flume flow submergence ratio, limit, and head loss which are difficult to measure in the field. The aim of this manuscript was to evaluate the use of CFD platform FLOW-3D software for measuring these parameters in an experimental flume with flow rates of 0.112, 0.169, and 0.320 m^3/s named Flow 1, Flow 2, Flow 3 using CFD design of a flume with an elevated downstream bottom. FLOW-3D software was calibrated using published experimental (R^2 > 0.98 and RMSE < 1.5 cm). Submergence limit was measured at 0.21, 0.24, and 0.25, for Flow 1, Flow 2, and Flow 3, respectively. The maximum head loss when the submergence ratio exceeded its limit was measured at 32.5% for Flow 1.
Annual and geographical variations in the specific composition of jassids and their damage on cotton in Côte d'Ivoire
Authors: KOUADIO Houphouet , KOUAKOU Malanno , BINI Kouadio Kra Norbert , KOFFI Kouakou Jean Innocent , OSSEY Christian Landry , KONE Pitou Woklin Euloge , ADEPO-GOURENE Abouo Béatrice , OCHOU Ochou Germain 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The aim of this study is to highlight the diversity of leafhopper species and their impact on the cotton crop in Côte d'Ivoire. The collections made in 2021 allowed the identification of three species. Jacobiasca lybica is the most abundant, with proportions ranging from 73.3–93.3% depending on the site. The other two species are respectively Empoasca papayae (8.3%) and Jacobiella (= Empoasca) facialis (5%). In 2022, collections revealed the invasion of a new species, Amrasca biguttula, which became dominant with proportions of 90 to 100% depending on the site. Two other species J. lybica (2.7%) and J. facialis (1.3%) cohabit with A. biguttula. Thus, if the damage noted in 2021 was attributable to J. lybica, that observed in 2022 is essentially due to A. biguttula. The northeastern part of the cotton basin was the area most affected by attacks by these two new species. This zone seems to be favorable to the outbreak of leafhopper because of the low rainfall recorded in the localities. The results of the study reveal significant changes in the composition of leafhopper species in the cotton production areas of Côte d'Ivoire from one year to the next. This situation also explains the variations in damage levels. This raises the problem of adapting the phytosanitary protection programs applied by the producers.
A Retrospective Comparative Chart Review of Hearing Recovery in Neural and Sensory Type Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss Patients
Authors: Xu Rebecca Z. , Wijesinghe Printha , Guo Ru C. , Joshua Temitope G. , Ayub Aysha , Lee Melissa , Nunez Desmond A. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
The pathogenesis of Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss is complex, and the prognosis for recovery is variable. While the pathological lesion is thought to be localized to the cochlea, recent microRNA findings suggest a primarily neuro-topic pathogenesis at least in some patients. This study seeks to use established hearing-loss categorization systems to distinguish neural from non-neural hearing loss patients and determine if the two groups differ in functional recovery.
Methods
The Charts of 132 Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss patients presenting at Vancouver General Hospital (November 2013-June 2019) were retrospectively reviewed. Patients’ characteristics, treatment modality, Pure Tone Audiometric thresholds (averaged across four frequencies: 0.5, 1, 2, and 3 kHz), and Word Recognition Scores were collected. Neural type Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss was defined as a presenting Word Recognition Score (<60%), with a Word Recognition Score reduction 20% greater than expected based on the averaged pure tone audiometric loss. Hearing recovery was defined as an improvement of ≥ 10 decibels in pure tone audiometric thresholds.
Results
48 patients meeting the American Academy of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery 2019 diagnostic criteria and with comprehensive data were included. 12 (mean age ± standard deviation: 57.7±14.9 years) and 36 (55.3±15.2 years) patients were classified as neural and sensory Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss, respectively. 66.7% (8/12) and (24/36) of neural and non-neural Sudden Sensorineural hearing loss patients, respectively demonstrated hearing recovery. The affected ear’s initial Word Recognition Score (mean ± standard deviation %): 17.1±17.6 and 71.5±35.5 (p < 0.0001), and Word Recognition Score change with treatment: 46.9±29.8 and 3.2±25.8 (p < 0.0001), in neural and non-neural patients, respectively were significantly different.
Conclusion
The hearing recovery rate in neural and sensory type Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss patients was similar. Patients with a neural type of hearing loss demonstrated greater word recognition score recovery after treatment than those in the sensory group.
Cardioprotective effects of metformin and alpha lipoic acid against myocardial complications induced by hypothyroidism in rats
Authors: Khadawy Yasser A , Hosny Eman N , Abou-Seif Howida Sayed , Morsy Fatma A , Sawie Hussein G 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The therapeutic effects of alpha lipoic acid (LA) and metformin (MET) against the myocardial complications associated with hypothyroidism were assessed in the current study. Rats were divided into three groups: control, hypothyroidism model induced by propylthiouracil (PTU), hypothyroidism model treated with LA and/or MET. At the end of the experiment, the thyroid hormones (T3, T4 and TSH) were measured in the serum. Lipid peroxidation (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), reduced glutathione (GSH), NrF2, BCL2, NF-κB, serotonin (5-HT), norepinephrine (NE) and dopamine (DA), acetylcholinesterase (AchE), monoamine oxidase (MAO) and Na+,K+,ATPase were measured in the cardiac tissue. The histopathological changes were also examined. PTU significantly decreased T3 and T4 and significantly increased TSH. A significant increase in MDA, GSH, NrF2, BCL2, NF-κB, 5-HT, NE, DA, AchE, MAO and Na+,K+,ATPase and a significant decrease in NO were observed in the cardiac tissue of hypothyroidism model. This was associated with histopathological changes. LA alone or with MET restored T3 and TSH and improved almost all the biochemical changes except the decreased NO and the increased DA in the cardiac tissue. MET restored T3, T4 and TSH and the biochemical changes induced in the cardiac tissue. MET ameliorated the histopathological changes that were still observed with LA alone or in combination with MET. The present findings indicate that MET had cardioprotective effect against hypothyroidism and its myocardial complications. This effect was less prominent with LA alone or in combination with MET. No synergistic effect was observed between LA and MET.
The Utility of Genomics and Functional Imaging to Predict Sunitinib Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics: The Predict Su Study
Authors: Michael Michael , Toner Guy C. , Ganju Vinod , Link Emma , Thompson Mick , Matera Anetta , Hicks Rodney J , Campbell Ian , Rowley S , Karapetis Christos S , Burge Matthew , Pook David W 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose: Sunitinib has marked pharmacokinetic (PK) & pharmacodynamic (PD) interpatient variability. This study evaluated the utility of extensive excretory/metabolic/PD pharmacogenomics (PGx) with hepatic functional imaging (HNI) to explore associations with Sunitinib PK/PD (toxicity/response) and progression-free survival (PFS).
Methods: Eligible patients (pts) suitable for Sunitinb therapy. At baseline: (i) PGx: blood analyzed by the Affymetrix-DMET™-Plus-Array (1936 variants/225 genes) and Sanger sequencing (HNF1A, FLT3, VEGFR2, VEGFR3, RET, PDGFRα, TNFα). (ii) HNI: pts given IV 800MBq 99mTc-MIBI, imaging data analysed for hepatic extraction/excretion parameters (CLHNI, T1/2-HNI, 1hRET, HEF, Td1/2). In cycles 1 and 2, bloods taken for sunitinib parent (SU), metabolite (SU12662), and Total SU (metabolite + parent) PK. Associations evaluated between (i) HNI parameters and (2) PGx, with Sunitinib PK, toxicity/response and PFS.
Results: N = 15 pts. The two most significant associations in either direction between PGx variants or HNI parameters (P <0.05) for: (i) PK included: (a) SU logAUC0-14days with HEF, ATP7B-(rs1801246), UGT8-(rs4148254), (b) SU logAUC0-28days, with Td1/2, SLC15A1-(rs8187832), SLC10A2-(rs188096), (c) SU Css, with Td1/2, SLC15A1-(rs8187832) (d) SU Ctrough with TNFα-(rs1799724), ATP7B-(rs1801246), (e) Total SU logAUC0-14days with Td1/2, TNFα-(rs1799724), (f) Total SU logAUC0-28days with Td1/2 and SLCO3A1-(rs2283458), (g) Total SU Css and Td1/2, UGT8-(rs4148254) and (h) Total SU Ctrough with SLC16A1-(rs11585690). (ii) Toxicity (a) Diarrhea Gr1+ with HEF, VEFGR3-(rs307826), AKAP9-(rs7785971) (b) ≥Grade 3 AEs with CBR1-(rs998383) (iii) Overall response rate with SULT1E1-(rs1881668), GSTA2-(rs2180314) (Iv) PFS with CYP4Z1-(rs4926802) and CYP2A6-(rs28399442).
Conclusions: Exploratory associations were observed between Sunitinib PK/PD with hepatic functional imaging with extensive pharmacogenomics. Further validation is required
Machine learning algorithms-based spam detection in social networks
Authors: Sumathi M. , Raja S. P. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Many social media platforms have emerged as a result of the online social network's (OSN) rapid expansion. They have become important in day-to-day life, and spammers have turned their attention to them. Spam detection is done in two different ways, such as machine learning (ML) and expert-based detection. The expert-based detection technique’s accuracy depends on expert knowledge, and the manual process is a time consuming task. Thus, ML-based spam detection is preferred in OSN. Spam identification on social networks is a difficult operation involving a variety of factors, and spam and ham have resulted in an imbalanced data distribution, which gives an advantage to spammers for corrupting our devices. Spam detection based on ML algorithms like Logistic Regression (LR), K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), Decision Trees (DT), Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and XGB, Voting Classifier (VC), and many other algorithms are used to design the address balance and to attain high assessment accuracy. There is a non-balance issue. Text is vectorized by vectorizers and all the relative results are stored. The experimental result shows that, as compared to KN, NB, ETC, RF, SVC, LR, XGB, and DT, the proposed VC provides a higher classification accuracy rate of 97.96%. The proposed methods are effective in identifying balanced and imbalanced datasets, as evidenced by the validation results. The website was created to detect messages as spam or not.
Analyzing the invasive front of colorectal cancer – by punching tissue block or laser capture microdissection?
Authors: Pavlič Ana , Urh Kristian , Boštjančič Emanuela , Zidar Nina 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
The aim of this study was to determine the advantages and limitations of two commonly used sampling techniques, i.e., punching tissue block and laser capture microdissection when investigating tumor cell-derived gene expression patterns at the invasive front of colorectal cancer (CRC).
Methods
We obtained samples from 20 surgically removed CRCs at locations crucial for tumor progression, i.e., the central part, the expansive front and the infiltrative front exhibiting tumor budding, using both sampling techniques. At each location, we separately analyzed the expressions of miR-200 family (miR-141, miR-200a, miR-200b, miR-200c and miR-429), known as reliable markers of epithelial-mesenchymal transition.
Results
We found significant downregulation of all members of miR-200 family at the infiltrative front in comparison to the central part regardless of the used sampling technique. However, when comparing miR-200 expression between the expansive and the infiltrative front, we found significant downregulation of all tested miR-200 at the infiltrative front only in samples obtained by laser capture microdissection.
Conclusions
Our results suggest that punching tissue block is an adequate technique for studying the differences in tumor gene expression between the central part and the invasive front of CRC, but is insufficient to analyze and compare morphologically distinct patterns along the invasive front including tumor budding. For this purpose, the use of laser capture microdissection is essential.
“It Just Made Me Feel Better": Qualitative Examination of the Implementation of a Novel Virtual Psychosocial Support Program for Adolescents with Cancer
Authors: Kilfoy Alicia , Panesar Prabdeep , Hashemi Elham , Masama Tatenda , Pereira Myra , Liu William , Alexander Sarah , Korenblum Chana , Jibb Lindsay 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Adolescents with cancer routinely report feelings of isolation and exclusion, including from medical decision-making. To address this problem and support adolescents, we designed and implemented the novel, virtual, weekly Teens4Teens peer support group and patient education program. We examined the views of participating adolescents, program guest speakers, and program moderators as they pertained to the need for the program, its feasibility, acceptability, and perceived impact.
Methods
We recruited all available adolescents, moderators, and guest speakers who participated in Teens4Teens to take part in audio-recorded, semi-structured interviews. Interviews were transcribed, coded, and analyzed using thematic analysis.
Results
We conducted 21 interviews across participant groups. We identified four broad themes: pathways into the Teen4Teens program, Teens4Teens implementation capacity, perspectives of the positive impact of Teens4Teens and suggestions to improve Teens4Teens. These themes described a perceived need for adolescent-centered psychosocial programing in pediatric cancer care, provided lessons on how best to build and apply such a program, and highlighted the value of the program for both adolescents and clinicians' acceptability, feasibility, and perceived utility.
Conclusion
Adolescents, guest speakers, and moderators valued Teens4Teens and made suggestions to improve capacity to routinely implement the program. Adolescent-tailored psychosocial programming such as Teens4Teens is positioned to be integrated into clinical care with relative ease and may serve to improve the cancer care experience of adolescents and their families. This study has potential to provide researchers and clinicians with valuable information about the content, design, and delivery of virtual peer support programming for adolescents with cancer.