bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of charges at the dielectric/channel interface on performance degradation in negative capacitance ferroelectric FETs
Authors: Li Ming-Hao , Li Qiang , Hsu Hsiao-Hsuan , Ying Lei-Ying , Zhang Bao-Ping , Zheng Zhi-Wei 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In this study, the impact of interfacial charges including fixed charges and acceptor-type traps between the dielectric and the channel in negative capacitance ferroelectric FETs (FeFETs) is investigated by simulation based on the Landau–Khalatnikov model. The results reveal the separate impact of the fixed charges and acceptor-type traps on device performance degradation, respectively, including the subthreshold swing (SS), switching current (I
on and I
off) and threshold voltage (V
T). On this basis, the combined impact of interfacial charges with the fixed charges and acceptor-type traps co-existing equally is further explored. Our findings indicate that the fixed charges play a key role in the V
T and I
off, while the acceptor-type traps predominate in the SS and I
on. This study helps to understand the degradation mechanism of FeFETs and extend the device end-of-lifetime.
Impacts of pulse conditions on endurance behavior of ferroelectric thin-film transistor non-volatile memory
Authors: Ma William Cheng-Yu , Su Chun-Jung , Kao Kuo-Hsing , Lee Yao-Jen , Wu Pin-Hua , Tseng Hsin-Chun , Liao Hsu-Tang , Chou Yu-Wen , Chiu Min-Yu , Chen Yan-Qing 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In this work, the ferroelectric thin-film transistor (Fe-TFT) with polycrystalline-silicon (poly-Si) channel and HfZrO
x
gate dielectric is fabricated to study the characteristics of non-volatile memory (NVM). Significant threshold voltage (V
TH) modulation can be achieved with low pulse voltages less than ±3.5 V and pulse widths within 1 μs. In order to achieve the NVM characteristics of low voltage and high speed operation, the impact of the program/erase (PRG/ERS) pulse voltage (V
PRG/V
ERS) and pulse width on endurance is a critical consideration. In the study of the pulse width effect on endurance, it can be observed that the V
TH in PRG-state exhibits the wake-up effect at both short and long pulse widths. In addition, with the increase of pulse width, the V
TH in the PRG-state exhibits significant fatigue effect and subthreshold swing (SS) degradation effect. For V
TH in the ERS-state, the increase of the pulse width also exhibits the fatigue effect and the SS degradation effect, which is dominated by the SS degradation effect at long pulse widths. In the study of the pulse voltage effect on endurance, the increase of V
PRG shows the imprint effect that the V
TH in either PRG- or ERS-state reveals a decreasing trend. When the V
ERS increases, the SS of the PRG- and ERS-states is degraded, and the fatigue effect of the PRG-state is enhanced. Moreover, the retention characteristics of poly-Si Fe-TFTs exhibit stable characteristics at both room temperature and 50 °C.
Physical design guidelines to minimize area-specific ON-resistance for rated ON-current and breakdown voltage of GaN power HEMTs
Authors: Khan Md Arif , Muralidharan Rangarajan , Chandrasekar Hareesh 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In this article, we report on the development of an analytical model to estimate area-specific ON-state resistance (R
ds,on) of GaN-based power high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) using rated device specifications—ON-state drain current (I
ON) and maximum operating drain-to-source voltage (V
DSO)—as input parameters. The rated I
ON and V
DSO are considered as fractions k and S, of the maximum possible drain current (I
DS,max) and breakdown voltage (V
BR), respectively, deliverable by the power device. The developed model is utilized to obtain the optimal physical design space parameters for a comb-like power HEMT design. Due consideration has been given to the trade-off between R
ds,on and area-specific R
ds,on of the transistor, device processing limitations for all the physical device parameters. The developed model has been validated with experimental results of prior literature. Our calculations impose a lower-bound for the best possible R
ds,on as well as the area-specific on-resistance product (R
ds,on

×

AA) that can be obtained for a given starting channel sheet resistance in the comb architecture for a desired I
ON − V
DSO rating.
Precision redshift-space galaxy power spectra using Zel'dovich control variates
Authors: DeRose Joseph , Chen Shi-Fan , Kokron Nickolas , White Martin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Numerical simulations in cosmology require trade-offs between volume, resolution and run-time that limit the volume of the Universe that can be simulated, leading to sample variance in predictions of ensemble-average quantities such as the power spectrum or correlation function(s). Sample variance is particularly acute at large scales, which is also where analytic techniques can be highly reliable. This provides an opportunity to combine analytic and numerical techniques in a principled way to improve the dynamic range and reliability of predictions for clustering statistics.
In this paper we extend the technique of Zel'dovich control variates, previously demonstrated for 2-point functions in real space, to reduce the sample variance in measurements of 2-point statistics of biased tracers in redshift space. We demonstrate that with this technique, we can reduce the sample variance of these statistics down to their shot-noise limit out to k ∼ 0.2 h Mpc-1. This allows a better matching with perturbative models and improved predictions for the clustering of e.g. quasars, galaxies and neutral Hydrogen measured in spectroscopic redshift surveys at very modest computational expense. We discuss the implementation of ZCV, give some examples and provide forecasts for the efficacy of the method under various conditions.
Two-dimensional electromagnetically induced grating via phase regulation in a closed-loop four-level atomic system
Authors: Li Ya-Qian , Zhang Duo , Xia Hong-Ming , Sun Zhao-Yu , Wang Mei 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We proposed a theoretical scheme for two-dimensional (2D) electromagnetically induced grating (EIG) in a closed-loop four-level atomic system driven by a weak probe field, a traveling-wave control field, two orthogonal standing-wave fields and a microwave field. Due to low amplitude modulation accompanied with large phase modulation, EIG can be obtained and the probe energy can be diffracted into first-order and even high-order directions with high efficiency. The results show that the diffraction pattern and efficiency of the EIG could be adjusted effectively by the probe field detuning, the coherent field intensity, the interaction length. Meanwhile, the quantum interference between the amplitude modulation and phase modulation can be manipulated by the relative phase, which can be used to regulate the diffraction pattern and efficiency of the 2D EIG. Our scheme of 2D EIG may be useful in beam splitting and all-optical switching.
Optical properties of freeze-dried partial delignified balsa wood
Authors: Tapsanit Piyawath , Maitip Jakkrawut 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Radiative cooling (RC) is natural phenomenon in which an object passively cools itself by highly radiating mid-infrared waves to the cold outer space. The delignified wood (DW), in which lignin molecules are removed from natural wood, shows promising performance of daytime radiative cooling (DRC). However, the DW is usually hot-pressed during oven drying process which results in the collapse of wood cell walls. This problem hinders the application of DW as a scaffold for polymer-wood composite. In this study, we have fabricated a partial delignified wood (PDW) with the combination of the delignification and freeze-drying processes. The delignification process has been performed with boiling hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) solution in renewable system. It is found that the PDW turns to white colour after 30 hours of boiling time. The ATR-FTIR spectroscopy confirms that lignin molecules are removed and altered after the delignification process, and the strong emission peaks due to the molecular vibrations of cellulose in the PDW appear in the atmospheric windows. The averaged solar absorptivity of the PDW, measured by diffuse reflectance UV-Vis-NIR spectroscopy, is equal to 11% which is about three times lower than that of the natural wood. The relative drop of solar radiation absorption has maximum value at the wavelength 529 nm and the full-width-at-half-maximum equal to.
A model for the estimation of global spectral solar irradiance under all-sky conditions for Nakhon Pathom station, Thailand
Authors: Khakhu S , Masiri I , Wattan R , Janjai S 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In this work, a model was developed to estimate global spectral solar irradiance under all-sky conditions using data from the Nakhon Pathom station, Thailand. This model expresses the global spectral solar irradiance under all-sky conditions as the multiplication of two functions. The global spectral irradiance under clear sky conditions from the calculation and the cloud correction factor are considered in the model. The cloud correction factor is a function of the cloud index from Himawari satellite data and the ratio of global spectral irradiance under all sky conditions and clear sky conditions. The global spectral irradiance was measured at Nakhon Pathom station using a spectroradiometer (EKO, MS-710) from 2017 to 2019. Model validation was computed using the 2020 dataset. The global solar spectral irradiance from measurements and calculated from the model were found to be in reasonable agreement, with discrepancies in mean bias difference and root mean squared difference of 4.85% and 14.21%, respectively.
A model for estimating solar ultraviolet radiation for vitamin D photosynthesis
Authors: Laiwarin P , Buntoung S , Wattan R , Janjai S 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Solar ultraviolet radiation has impacts on human health both beneficial and drawback. Excessive exposure to high energy of solar ultraviolet radiation is hazardous for human. For instant, it can create cataracts, skin cancer and immune system suppression. On the contrary, solar ultraviolet radiation helps in the vitamin D photosynthesis in the human skin. It is required in the operation of synthesize previtamin D in the epidermis to 25 hydroxyvitamin D via the kidneys and liver. The solar ultraviolet radiation for vitamin D photosynthesis (DUV) can be obtained from a Bentham spectrophotometer together with the CIE action spectral response of vitamin D. However, such ground-based spectrophotometer instrument in Thailand is very scarce. Therefore, this research focuses on developing an empirical model for calculating hourly DUV under all sky conditions using several atmospheric parameters at a solar monitoring site in the central region of Thailand. The input parameters of the model include total ozone column from OMI/AURA satellite, aerosol optical depth from an AERONET sunphotometer, cloud index from geostationary satellite, and air mass from a well-known equation. The data used in this research are totally three years (2016-2018). The analysis result indicates that the solar DUV obtained from the model calculation and that from the ground-based measurement are consistent with the root mean square error (RMSE) of 17.1% and mean bias error (MBE) of –9.2%.
Study of plasma activated water and secondary effects on water using gamma radiation with FTIR in seeds germinations
Authors: Somjaimak A , Prakrajang K , Sarapirom S , Rimjaem S , Janpong K 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Plasma activated water (PAW) and gamma radiation have been arduously used in many horticultural implementations; especially in increasing plant germination rates and general growth advancements. Attention has to be paid to both the effect of PAW and gamma radiation. The detailed chemical composition and appearance of tap water and distilled water that has been stimulated by plasma and gamma radiation on seed germination using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) technique and optical emission spectroscopy (OES) are to be analysed. The result found that one important property of air plasma treatment on water is the creation of reactive atom species such as oxygen (O), Nitrogen (N) also known as RONS, as well as other ion molecules radical to water. Whilst gamma radiation can directly induce and generate water molecules radicals by its strong electromagnetic fields.
Optical properties of carbon dots derived from table sugar via gamma irradiation
Authors: Wechakorn Kanokorn , Utapong Teerawat , Chutimasakul Threeraphat , Sirisit Natee , Kwamman Tanagorn 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Gamma irradiation is the only approach for green environmental synthesis that does not require further waste treatment. Therefore, gamma irradiation was employed for carbon dot production at room temperature in this study. The table sugar was utilized as a raw material without the addition of any hazardous additives. Using sugar concentrations of 4, 20, and 40% by weight, carbon dots were produced using gamma irradiation at 25 kGy. The as-synthesized carbon dots were characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Utilizing UV-Visible absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy, the optical characteristics of carbon dots were investigated. The carbon dots as synthesized had a high UV absorption peak at 271 nm and adjustable fluorescence emission.
Experimental study of tap water activated by commercial fruit and vegetable purifier
Authors: Nupangtha W , Masae S , Suwanchatree J , Nilgumhang K 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Green and clean diets are on focus for consumers with healthy and safety concerns. Good sources of safe and clean vegetables and fruits are vital. Vegetables and fruits are often found on market shelves below the standard of good agricultural practices. Pesticides and other chemical residues are found in those fruits and vegetables which may connect to many late complication issues in health. Various methods are utilized as common wisdom to fight the problem. Some methods are more practical and handier. This contribution has studied the properties of tap water after activation by a commercial fruit and vegetable purifier. Chlorine, which is present in tap water, is bound with hydroxyl radical from electrohydrolysis by an apparatus to form hypochlorous acid. The activated water peaks at 291 nm in its absorbance with a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Properties of water were studied under various experimental settings such as comparing with activation of de-ionized water, as a function of (i) operating time, (ii) storing time of input tap water, (iii) storage time of activated water, and (iv) water volume. The concentration of hypochlorous acid is calibrated against commercial ready-to-use acid.
An approach to the development of Raman spectroscopy system for field usage
Authors: Saeyee Thiti , Plaipichit Suwan , Wicharn Surawut 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
A spectroscopic technique that uses the scattering of photons for analysis of the chemical structure is called Raman spectroscopy. Raman spectrometers used in labs are typically large, so they are not applicable for use in fieldwork, and commercially portable Raman spectrometers are expensive. So, we developed a compact Raman spectrometer for field usage that consists of only the necessary optical components to make the compact system affordable for carrying in the field. Reduce fluorescence noise in the system by using the Vancouver Raman algorithm, which is based on polynomial fitting to achieve a quality Raman spectrum and can correctly identify the chemical structure in the sample. There are four samples: paracetamol, naphthalene, acetone, and toluene. The Raman spectra of the measured samples were compared with the database. The results are close to the commercial Raman spectrometer, which indicates our proposed compact Raman spectrometer is reliable.
Analyzing pre-instruction math knowledge and its correlation with introductory physics exam results
Authors: Popanao M , Smith M F , Pairor P 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We examined the pre-instruction math knowledge of two similar groups of first-year engineering students at Suranaree University of Technology. The result showed the students’ math knowledge was increased after taking mandatory courses in the first trimester. We also looked into the correlation between pre-instruction math knowledge and the introductory physics exam result and found it to be positive. However, the group with the higher pre-instruction math score had a less positive correlation. This suggests that once the math knowledge is not the issue, there are other factors that can help students be more successful in studying physics.
A modification of Newton’s cooling law with correlation to fractional derivative
Authors: Keeratisiwakul Kumkup , Anantachaisophon Supphanat , Vatiwutipong Pat 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Newton’s cooling law (NCL) provides a linear differential equation governing the rate of heat loss of a heated body using the temperature difference of the body with the environment. However, the prediction of NCL still did not fit with the data under the laboratory framework. Previous works have modified NCL by incorporating fractional derivative as a basis of their models, and in particular cases of convective fluid, higher correlations with the experimental data can be observed. In this study, to model the empirical value obtained from the experiment, the conventional model is enhanced by appending a new parameter as the exponent of time in the differential equation. The comparison is shown between the conventional NCL and the modified model, along with its adjusted R-Squared value from the regression of the experimental data, which results in a significant enhancement from the conventional model. In a numerical relationship between the two parameters, correlation of this newly proposed model is found with an established model of NCL using Caputo type fractional derivative, thereby providing some support to the theoretical basis of the model. Moreover, the performance of this modified model is to a certain degree higher than the fractional derivative model.
Utilization of DBD plasma in shelf-life extension for Namwa banana
Authors: Udtachee K , Yatongchai C , Sarapirom S 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This work proposed the utilization of dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma to lengthen the shelf life of Namwa bananas. The samples of fresh Namwa bananas were packaged by different technique to carry out the study into the effect of DBD plasma on the ripeness of Namwa bananas. It was found that Namwa banana ripening could be delayed by DBD plasma treatment, suggesting that DBD plasma is a potential technique for shelf life extension of climatic fruits.
Online physics experiment creation on resonance in the LC circuit with a simple metal detector circuit
Authors: Hongsith N , Wongrat E , Ketsuwan P , Kritpetch C , Rangdee P , Chunlen S , Tongmee T , Lianghiranthaworn T , Chanchaimongkol K , Kruaboon N , Boonpeaw R , Prasongcharoen S , Tohkeng N I 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Online learning is necessary and challenging to develop effective teaching strategies to support student learning during the COVID-19 period. This course has seven students. Some essential equipment is sent to students by post. We demonstrate a simple experiment on the resonance frequency in the LC circuit with a simple metal detector circuit based on an IC555-timer transistor. In principle, Metal objects within the magnetic field of inductance affect the resonance frequency resulting in oscillator frequency changes. So, we could study the resonance frequency of the LC circuit from frequency changes by changing the inductance of the inductor. The sound frequency has been generated from the metal detector circuit and is altered depending on the coil’s inductance. The frequency change is measured by a sound detector application on the smartphone. From the results, we discuss the equation of the resonance frequency and the oscillator frequency changes and calculate the relationship between the frequency of sound and the inductance value of the coil. As a result, it is possible to adapt the simple metal detector to use the study of the resonance formula and calculate the inductance of any coil with accuracy.
How does student skill on interpreting circular motion situation change in an online physics classroom?
Authors: Eambaipreuk A , Emarat N , Arayathanitkul K 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
High-school physics has become challenging to many teachers after their classrooms were moved to an online platform. How to teach effectively is concerned when students struggled to grasp the concept learning in the online classroom. Circular motion is the topic that the students could not understand the content well while concentrating on the screen. This work aims to investigate the achievement of using peer instruction to teach the first three steps of circular motion problem solving strategy. These are (i) identify the path of motion and its radius, (ii) draw a free-body diagram, and (iii) find the force components acting on the object. The approach was implemented to an online physics classroom with 12 high-school students. The result was analyzed from pre- and post-test data, and student practices during the teaching. The finding showed that there were more students who could interpret the circular motion situation correctly than at the beginning of the class. The path of motion and the forces acting on the object could be identified, and some students could find the centripetal force correctly. Moreover, their interaction in the class related to the of their understanding of the topic.
Monte Carlo study of uncertainty propagation in Euler rotational kinematic equation
Authors: Nutsathaporn C , Chomkokard S , Wongkokua W , Ruengittinun S , Jinuntuya N 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We perform a Monte Carlo simulation to study the propagation of uncertainty in Euler rotational kinematic equation. The rate gyro data from an IMU sensor are inserted into the Euler rotational kinematic differential equation to calculate the sensor orientation, which is specified by its Euler angles. The uncertainty of sensor orientation is determined by simulating the variation of rate gyro input due to its uncertainty obtained from the calibration process. We find that the uncertainties of the Euler angles grow with time. Their values are proportional to the square root of time elapse. We find also that the uncertainties are linearly proportional to the uncertainties of rate gyro data and the square root of sampling time. These results interestingly resemble the behaviour of the Wiener process, with the step size of random walk depends on the time step. We can use these results as a criterion to choose a suitable IMU due to the characteristic of the integrated rate gyro sensor, especially in the application like the vehicle tracking or posture warning for elderly/disable people, where the precise sensor orientation is needed for a long period of operation.