bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative analysis of gut microbiota between common (Macaca fascicularis fascicularis) and Burmese (M. f. aurea) long-tailed macaques in different habitats
Authors: Muhammad Raza , Klomkliew Pavit , Chanchaem Prangwalai , Sawaswong Vorthon , Kaikaew Titiporn , Payungporn Sunchai , Malaivijitnond Suchinda 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe environment has an important effect on the gut microbiota—an essential part of the host’s health—and is strongly influenced by the dietary pattern of the host as these together shape the composition and functionality of the gut microbiota in humans and other animals. This study compared the gut microbiota of Macaca fascicularis fascicularis and M. f. aurea in mangrove and island populations using 16S rRNA gene sequencing on a nanopore platform to investigate the effect of the environment and/or diet. The results revealed that the M. f. fascicularis populations that received anthropogenic food exhibited a higher richness and evenness of gut microbiota than the M. f. aurea populations in different habitats. Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were the two most abundant bacterial phyla in the gut microbiota of both these subspecies; however, the relative abundance of these phyla was significantly higher in M. f. aurea than in M. f. fascicularis. This variation in the gut microbiota between the two subspecies in different habitats mostly resulted from the differences in their diets. Moreover, the specific adaptation of M. f. aurea to different environments with a different food availability had a significant effect on their microbial composition.
Promoting Simple and Engaging Brain–Computer Interface Designs for Children by Evaluating Contrasting Motion Techniques
Authors: Pitt Kevin M. , Cole Zachary J. , Zosky Joshua 
Published: September 2023

Purpose:
There is an increasing focus on using motion in augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) systems. In considering brain–computer interface access to AAC (BCI-AAC), motion may provide a simpler or more intuitive avenue for BCI-AAC control. Different motion techniques may be utilized in supporting competency with AAC devices including simple (e.g., zoom) and complex (behaviorally relevant animation) methods. However, how different pictorial symbol animation techniques impact BCI-AAC is unclear.

Method:
Sixteen healthy children completed two experimental conditions. These conditions included highlighting of pictorial symbols via both functional (complex) and zoom (simple) animation to evaluate the effects of motion techniques on P300-based BCI-AAC signals and offline (predicted) BCI-AAC performance.

Results:
Functional (complex) animation significantly increased attentional-related P200/P300 event-related potential (ERP) amplitudes in the parieto-occipital area. Zoom (simple) animation significantly decreased N400 latency. N400 ERP amplitude was significantly greater, and occurred significantly earlier, on the right versus left side for the functional animation condition within the parieto-occipital bin. N200 ERP latency was significantly reduced over the left hemisphere for the zoom condition in the central bin. As hypothesized, elicitation of all targeted ERP components supported offline (predicted) BCI-AAC performance being similar between conditions.

Conclusion:
Study findings provide continued support for the use of animation in BCI-AAC systems for children and highlight differences in neural and attentional processing between complex and simple animation techniques.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.24085623
An Analysis of Mental State Verb and Complex Syntax Use in Children Who Are Deaf and Hard of Hearing
Authors: Vachio Morgan , Lund Emily , L. Werfel Krystal 
Published: September 2023

Purpose:
Children who are deaf and hard of hearing (DHH) have documented deficits with complex syntax and vocabulary knowledge. Mental state verbs (MSVs) are necessary for some kinds of complex syntax use and communicate abstract concepts needed for academic language. The purpose of this study was to examine the frequency, diversity, and syntactic context of MSV use in children who are DHH compared to children with typical hearing (CTH).

Method:
Seventy-three preschool children (23 with cochlear implants, 22 with hearing aids, and 28 with typical hearing) completed a structured language sample as part of a larger assessment battery. Samples were analyzed and compared across groups for use of MSVs, diversity in MSV use, and syntactical context for MSVs.

Results:
Children who are DHH used significantly fewer MSV in complex syntax, a smaller diversity of MSV, and significantly fewer MSV in obligatory contexts compared to CTH. Results for the cochlear implants and hearing aid groups were not significantly different from one another despite differing levels of hearing loss.

Conclusion:
Children who are DHH demonstrate significant differences in the rate, diversity, and complexity of MSV use compared to peers with typical hearing.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.24091860
ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL ABNORMALITIES IN DIABETIC PATIENTS
Authors: Lanzillo B. , Crisci C. , Crispi F. , Saltalamacchia A.M. 
Published: September 2023

We studied 476 patients affected by diabetes: 166 male (mean age 61.6 ± 10 years, range 27–91) and 310 female (mean age 61.5 ± 8.4 years, range 25–82). Mean disease duration was 11.3 ± 7.6 years, range 0.3–37).All patients underwent surface motor and sensory nerve conduction along median, popliteal, and sural nerve.Results. Median nerve: in 3.1% of subjects sensory action potentials (SAP) was absent; sensory nerve conduction velocity (SNCV) was reduced in 41.8% in distal segment and in 27.5% in the proximal segment. Motor nerve conduction (MNCV) was reduced in 29.9% of the subjects.Sural nerve: SAP was absent in 24.4% and SNCV was reduced in 32.7%.Popliteal nerve: MNCV was abnormal in 30.4% of the subjects. Combining electrophysiological data we observed that:1. 28.6% of the subjects resulted normal2. 12.8% were affected by a lower limbs sensory neuropathy3. 0.2% had a lower limbs motor neuropathy4. 5.9% had a lower limbs sensory‐motor neuropathy5. 6.1% had a diffused sensory neuropathy6. 30.2% had a diffused sensory‐motor neuropathy7. 16.2% had a carpal tunnel syndrome.Patients were divided in 2 groups: patients with and patients without neuropahy: the latter showed a significantly shorter disease duration (12.7 ± 8.1 vs 9.0 ± 6.3; p < 0.0001).In addition, we observed a significant correlation between disease duration and distal latency, median and popliteal MNCV, and SNCV in median and sural nerve (Regression test; p < 0.0001).Patients on insulin showed a longer disease duration and more severe electrophysiological abnormalities.
Building a quantum‐ready ecosystem
Authors: Purohit Abhishek , Kaur Maninder , Seskir Zeki Can , Posner Matthew T. , Venegas‐Gomez Araceli 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe emergence of quantum technologies has led to groundbreaking advancements in computing, sensing, secure communications, and simulation of advanced materials with practical applications in every industry sector. The rapid advancement of the quantum technologies ecosystem has made it imperative to assess the maturity of these technologies and their imminent acceleration towards commercial viability. The current status of quantum technologies is presented and the need for a quantum‐ready ecosystem is emphasised. Standard Quantum Technology Readiness Levels (QTRLs) are formulated and innovative models and tools are defined to evaluate the readiness of specific quantum technology. In addition to QTRLs, Quantum Commercial Readiness Levels (QCRLs) is introduced to provide a robust framework for evaluating the commercial viability and market readiness of quantum technologies. Furthermore, relevant indicators concerning key stakeholders, including government, industry, and academia are discussed and ethics and protocols implications are described, to deepen the understanding of the readiness for quantum technology and to support the development of a robust and effective quantum ecosystem.
Characterisation of resident space objects using multistatic interferometric inverse synthetic aperture radar imaging
Authors: Thindlu Rudrappa Manjunath , Albrecht Marcus , Knott Peter 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis paper illustrates an interferometric inverse synthetic aperture radar based on three‐dimensional imaging and rotational velocity estimation from a multistatic setup with three ground‐based radars with non‐orthogonal baselines. The radar backscattering along the orbit is simulated based on physical optics approximation. The paper illustrates a novel shape‐dependent and rotation‐invariant feature called normalised eigenvalues for classification. A database of interferometric point clouds is generated using radar back scattering at different aspect angles and classified using various classification algorithms. The classification accuracy at varying SNR levels was evaluated using Monte Carlo simulations.
The Use of Large Animal Models in Trauma and Bleeding Studies
Authors: Rayatdoost Farahnaz , Grottke Oliver 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background Major trauma often results in significant bleeding and coagulopathy, posing a substantial clinical burden. To understand the underlying pathophysiology and to refine clinical strategies to overcome coagulopathy, preclinical large animal models are often used. This review scrutinizes the clinical relevance of large animal models in hemostasis research, emphasizing challenges in translating findings into clinical therapies.
Methods We conducted a thorough search of PubMed and EMBASE databases from January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2022. We used specific keywords and inclusion/exclusion criteria centered on large animal models.
Results Our review analyzed 84 pertinent articles, including four animal species: pigs, sheep, dogs, and nonhuman primates (NHPs). Eighty-five percent of the studies predominantly utilized porcine models. Meanwhile, sheep and dogs were less represented, making up only 2.5% of the total studies. Models with NHP were 10%. The most frequently used trauma models involved a combination of liver injury and femur fractures (eight studies), arterial hemorrhage (seven studies), and a combination of hemodilution and liver injury (seven studies). A wide array of coagulation parameters were employed to assess the efficacy of interventions in hemostasis and bleeding control.
Conclusions Recognizing the diverse strengths and weaknesses of large animal models is critical for trauma and hemorrhage research. Each model is unique and should be chosen based on how well it aligns with the specific scientific objectives of the study. By strategically considering each model's advantages and limitations, we can enhance our understanding of trauma and hemorrhage pathophysiology and further advance the development of effective treatments.
Mobilisation bei Gelenkkontrakturen
Authors: Schomacher Jochen 
Published: September 2023

ZusammenfassungHaben Sie auch in der Schule und der Weiterbildung Manuelle Therapie gelernt, dass passives Mobilisieren das Bewegungsausmaß bei Gelenkkontrakturen vergrößert? Leider ist das nicht so. Die verkürzte Gelenkkapsel wird nur länger, wenn sie täglich lange (Stunden!) am Bewegungsende gehalten wird. Ein genauer Blick auf vorhandene Evidenz lohnt sich. Eines vorab: Lagern ergänzt passives Mobilisieren entscheidend.
Comparing Perceived Sleep Quality, Practices, and Behaviors of Male and Female Elite Rugby Union Athletes with the Use of Sleep Questionnaires
Authors: Teece Angus R. , Beaven Martyn , Argus Christos K. , Gill Nicholas , Driller Matthew W. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjective To evaluate the differences in subjective sleep quality, quantity, and behaviors among male and female elite rugby union athletes through two common sleep questionnaires.Materials and Methods A sample of 38 male and 27 female elite rugby union athletes filled out the Athlete Sleep Behavior Questionnaire (ASBQ) and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Global scores and individual items for each questionnaire were compared to assess differences between sexes.Results Male athletes reported significantly longer sleep duration (7 h 50 m ± 50 m versus 7h 12 m ± 58 m respectively; p ≤ 0.01; d = 0.70) and higher habitual sleep efficiency (88% versus 83% respectively; p < 0.05; d = 0.54) when compared with female athletes. Individual items of the ASBQ revealed significant differences between male and female athletes for five questions. Male athletes displayed higher instances of taking stimulants before training or competition and consuming alcohol within 4 hours of going to bed. Conversely, female athletes expressed greater thought or worry while in bed and a higher instance of training late at night.Discussion Male athletes displayed better self-reported sleep quality and quantity than female athletes; however, the present study highlighted that male and female elite rugby union athletes face specific challenges that differ. It appears that the differences observed between male and female elite rugby union athletes may be due to differing levels of professionalism or differences in training or competition schedules.
The Importance of Sleep for Successful Neurorehabilitation after Stroke
Authors: Frange Cristina , Murray Brian James , Coelho Fernando Morgadinho Santos 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSleep has important clinical implications for neurorehabilitation after stroke. We aimed to systematically explore sleep (including naps) as an essential factor in the neurorehabilitation of patients after stroke. After titles and abstracts were screened, 49 full texts were reviewed, and 7 were included in this review. Data were extracted and assessed for quality and risk of bias. We looked at any neurorehabilitation setting, and compared sleep with no sleep and explored these factors in stroke patients versus healthy individuals. Rehabilitation is critical for many activities that may need to be learned or re-learned following stroke and for returning to everyday life. In this context, sleep is essential in neurorehabilitation and physical therapy practice as it supports neuroplasticity, memory, and learning. The available data suggest that sleep should be considered in the treatment plan for successfully targeted physiotherapy to optimize cognitive and motor learning. Physical therapists should advise about sleep hygiene and therapies to improve sleep, both quality and quantity.
Sleep Quality, Excessive Daytime Sleepiness, and Physical Activity Level in Health Professionals with and Without COVID-19: a Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Neves Ana Carolynne Santos , Chaves Sulyvan Italo Daher , Siqueira Pedro Paulo Simões , Alves Karla Michelle Lima , Studart-Pereira Luciana Moraes , Jaguaribe-de-Lima Anna Myrna 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective To compare the sleep quality, excessive daytime sleepiness, and physical activity level in health professionals infected and not infected with COVID-19.
Methods Cross-sectional study based on online forms (Google Forms) filled out by health professionals who cared for COVID- 19 patients in hospitals in the Recife metropolitan area, Brazil, between October 2020 and May 2021. Anthropometric, sociodemographic, and occupational data were collected, along with the assessment of excessive daytime sleepiness (with Epworth Sleepiness Scale [ESE]), sleep quality (with Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index [PSQI]), and physical activity level (with International Physical Activity Questionnaire [IPAQ] – short version).
Results A total of 96 participants were assessed (37 with COVID-19, 59 without COVID-19). There were no differences between the groups regarding physical activity levels classified as sedentary, moderately active, or highly active (p = 0.850), or the weekly energy expenditure (p = 0.522). Infected professionals had a greater workload than non-infected ones, besides poorer sleep quality (10.46 ± 3.75 vs. 7.88 ± 3.75; p = 0.001) and excessive daytime sleepiness (10.19 ± 3.05 vs. 8.44 ± 3.85; p = 0.016).
Conclusion Based on the results, this study shows that professionals infected with COVID-19 have poorer sleep quality, associated with excessive daytime sleepiness, in contrast with non-infected professionals.
The Effects of Shift Work on the Immune System: A Narrative Review
Authors: Thorkildsen Marianne Stenbekk , Gustad Lise Tuset , Damås Jan Kristian 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWorking a shift work schedule has been hypothesized to have negative effects on health. One such described consequence is altered immune response and increased risk of infections. Former reviews have concluded that more knowledge is needed to determine how shift work affects the immune system. Since the last review focusing on this subject was published in 2016, new insight has emerged. We performed a search of the topic in PubMed, Scopus and Embase, identifying papers published after 2016, finding a total of 13 new studies. The articles identified showed inconsistent effect on immune cells, cytokines, circadian rhythms, self-reported infections, and vaccine response as a result of working a shift schedule. Current evidence suggests working shifts influence the immune system, however the clinical relevance and the mechanism behind this potential association remains elusive. Further studies need to include longitudinal design and objective measures of shift work and immune response.
Childhood and Adolescents Sleep Bruxism Treatment: A Systematic Review
Authors: Senff Jordana , Bonotto Danielle Veiga , Hilgenberg-Sydney Priscila Brenner , Sebastiani Aline , Scariot Rafaela , Oda Lisa Yurie 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Introduction Sleep Bruxism (SB) is a common condition in childhood that can cause multiple consequences such as abnormal tooth wear, tensional headaches, masticatory muscle pain, or fatigue. The literature reports some interventions, however the treatment for SB in children is not well-established.
Objectives A systematic review was performed to investigate the effectiveness of the treatments described for SB in children and adolescents: pharmacological and psychological treatments; behavioral guidelines; and dental approaches.
Materials and methods Randomized clinical trials comparing different SB treatments with a control group were searched in the electronic databases PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and VHL until August 04, 2021. Two independent reviewers selected the studies, extracted the data, and assessed the risk of bias. After a two-phase selection process, 07 articles were selected. The methodology of the selected studies was analyzed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool. The criteria used to qualify the studies were based on randomization, allocation, blinding of participants and evaluators, and analysis of results.
Results The signs and symptoms of SB were reduced with pharmacotherapy (hydroxyzine/diazepam) and medicinal extracts (M. Officinalis), but with occlusal splints and physiotherapy, this improvement was not statistically significant when compared to control groups.
Conclusion Some evidence of the efficacy of pharmacotherapy (hydroxyzine/diazepam) and medicinal extracts (M. Officinalis) was found. However, this systematic review is not enough to establish a protocol for the treatment of SB. Besides, the individualized management of SB in this population should be considered, emphasizing the management of risk factors.
Forensic Evaluation of a Single Episode of a Disorder of Arousal in a Sleepwalking Defense: Cognitive Function Versus Prior Clinical History
Authors: Pressman Mark R. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Introduction The clinical diagnosis of disorders of arousal (DOA) is based primarily on a clinical history including amnesia for episodes. The presence of amnesia means the patient cannot provide direct evidence. In a forensic setting, when the defendant has been charged criminally with violent actions or sexual related assaults allegedly during sleep, a sleepwalking defense may be presented. As opposed to clinical history, the prosecution generally focuses on the single episode of alleged DOA that resulted in the criminal charges against the defendant. The prosecution will argue that this episode of complex behavior was not consistent with a DOA. A past history of purported episodes is not proof that a recent single episode must be a DOA. However, most sleepwalking defenses rely heavily on standard clinical evaluations despite the fact they have no direct connection with the current criminally charged episode.The International Classification of Sleep Disorders (ICSD-3) General Diagnostic Criteria C for DOAs that states “limited or no associated cognition” should be present. Recent real time studies of DOAs have shown that during DOA episodes the prefrontal cortex (PRC) is deactivated while the motor cortex remains active.
Conclusion The PFC is the location of almost all executive functions including inhibition, planning, memory, and many others. Thus, when the PFC is deactivated, these higher cognitive functions are not available. The presence of higher cognitive functions during an alleged episode of DOA would be inconsistent with a deactivated PFC and thus inconsistent with generally accepted brain activity during a NREM parasomnia. This would be direct evidence that the episode could not be a DOA but occurred during wakefulness.
Clinical trial No.
Delayed Primary Repair of Complex Duodenal Injury Associated to Multiorgan Failure Due to Blunt Abdominal Trauma
Authors: Aceves-Ayala José Miguel , Noriega-Velásquez Allan Josué , Briceño-Fuentes Alberto , Ortiz-Orozco Cesar Alberto , Rojas-Solís Pablo Francisco , Rivas-Quezada Pedro Xavier , Bautista-López Carlos Alfredo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDuodenal injuries are rare and difficult to diagnose, with an incidence between 1 and 5% in cases of abdominal trauma. We present the case of a 30-year-old man who suffered a motorcycle collision presented with a 24-hour history of abdominal pain, peritoneal tenderness, and hemodynamic instability. Imaging studies show evidence of free fluid in the perihepatic, perisplenic, and pelvic space. An exploratory laparotomy was performed, finding a grade III duodenal, grade V jejunal, and grade II pancreatic injuries. The basis of surgical treatment being a primary anastomosis of duodenal and jejunal injuries, which allowed discharging him home 8 days after surgery and without any complications in his follow-up.