bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Two‐level methods based on the Arrow–Hurwicz iteration for the steady incompressible magnetohydrodynamic system
Authors: Du Binbin , Huang Jianguo , Al Mahbub Md. Abdullah , Zheng Haibiao 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe consider the two‐level methods based on Arrow–Hurwicz (A‐H) iteration for solving the stationary incompressible magnetohydrodynamics problem. The methods carry out some A‐H iterations on the coarse mesh, improve the obtained solutions by using one‐step scheme on the fine mesh. Such methods enjoy some advantages including that the number of A‐H iterations can be flexibly and controllably selected, and they are valid for high hydrodynamic Reynolds number. The convergence analyses are established and various numerical experiments are performed to validate and illustrate the stability, accuracy, and efficiency of the new methods.
Polyvinylidene fluoride—An advanced smart polymer for electromagnetic interference shielding applications—A novel review
Authors: Nivedhitha Durgam Muralidharan , Jeyanthi Subramanian 
Published: February 2023

AbstractEmerging technology and modernization have become a worldwide threat to human life in all aspects. Worldwide, all countries are in the race to develop the most advanced electronic devices and gadgets as they reflect the country's superiority and economic development. Specialists have forecasted that during and after the pandemic, the addiction toward modern gadgets have increased by 40% among the people irrespective of age. A few researchers have reported that the world economy is dependent on and dominated by countries manufacturing semiconductors, mobiles, electronic chips, and so on. People started sensing that modern devices are like a boon, as their lives seem to be more connected and comfortable with all their needs and wants being fulfilled at their doorsteps. But this boon is slowly whirling as a severe threat to human lives. Due to this rapid usage of electronic devices, electromagnetic interference (EMI) is drastically growing, which is considered a global warning issue for commercial and biological systems. So advanced countries have decided to make EMI shielding a compulsory entity to be implemented in all advanced electronic devices. Though traditional materials like metals and carbon allotropes have excellent shielding properties, they cannot cope with today's mass production of modern devices. Thus, researchers had to find a suitable substitute material that should possess properties such as sustainability and biocompatibility to overcome problems faced by the conventional materials. Thus, polymers have come into the world of EMI shielding applications. Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), a non‐conductive polymer from the family of Fluorocarbons, is creating history in the field of EMI shielding applications. PVDF astonished researchers with its versatile features, such as light weight, flexibility, and easy processibility with excellent dielectric and piezoelectric properties. Though they are poor in electrically conductive properties, incorporating metals, carbon allotropes, and metal oxides as fillers make them superior to the existing conventional materials. Thus, the main objective of this review article is to highlight the uniqueness of PVDF as an advanced polymer for EMI shielding applications. It has been noted that PVDF is more suitable for EMI shielding in X, K, and Ku band frequencies. But overall, we noticed that the performance of PVDF has a great impact by incorporating a combination of metal and carbon allotrope enhances the shielding effectiveness up to 65 dB in the Ku‐band (Kurz‐under) frequency band range of (12–18 GHz).
Receiving uncertain results from prenatal chromosomal microarray analysis: Women's decisions on continuation or termination of pregnancy
Authors: Libman Vitalia , Friedlander Yechiel , Chalk Michal , Hochner Hagit , Shkedi‐Rafid Shiri 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundChromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) may detect variants of uncertain clinical significance (VUS) and susceptibility loci (SL) with incomplete penetrance for neurodevelopmental disorders. This qualitative study provides empirical data on women's experiences with receiving such findings in pregnancy and their decisions regarding continuation or termination of the pregnancy.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews were conducted with women who received a VUS and/or SL from prenatal CMA in the last 2–4 years and were analyzed using Grounded Theory.ResultsThe vast majority of women recalled being stressed by the findings. All women sought further advice and information to be able to decide whether to continue or terminate their pregnancy. The three pregnancies that were terminated have in common a de novo SL with a 10%–20% penetrance. Similar reasoning (coping with uncertainty, the quest for a perfect child, and a chance for recurrence in future pregnancies) led different women to contradicting conclusions regarding their pregnancies. All women felt satisfied with their decisions.ConclusionAlthough uncertain/probabilistic information commonly involves a psychological burden, it may also be perceived as valuable and actionable. Pre‐test parental choice regarding the disclosure of such information could allow personalized utilization of advanced genomic tests in pregnancy.
Synthesis and Characterization of Sol–Gel‐Derived SiO2–CaO Particles: Size Impact on Glass (Bio)Properties
Authors: Fandzloch Marzena , Bodylska Weronika , Roszek Katarzyna , Szymański Damian , Jaromin Anna , Lukowiak Anna 
Published: February 2023

AbstractFour highly bioactive glasses in a binary SiO2–CaO system are prepared following a sol−gel method using Ca(OH)2 as a calcium precursor. In the synthesis of glass according to the modified Stöber method, Ca(OH)2 suspended in polyethylene glycol allows the elimination of the presence of calcite and the increase of ammonia concentration causes formation of spherical particles with different sizes in the range of 26–266 nm. The relation among the size and properties, including bioactivity, of the glass particles is evaluated. New glasses that vary in composition (10–25 wt% CaO), porosity (15–113 m2 g−1), and hydroxyl groups content greatly enhance the formation process of hydroxyapatite (HA) in simulated physiological fluids. For all glasses, superior apatite‐mineralization ability in time as short as 2 h in the physiological‐like buffer is achieved, thus exceeding the bioactivity of the known bioactive glasses, including 45S5 glass (Bioglass). The assessment of the safety and toxicity profile of the obtained glasses is verified in a wide range of concentrations (1–1000 µg mL−1) against human dermal fibroblasts and MC3T3 mouse osteoblast precursors, but also to human erythrocytes by determining hemocompatibility. Two glasses of different sizes, 73 and 266 nm, are promising and warrant further research.
Effects of biodiesel on thermal safety and detonation characteristics of emulsion explosive**
Authors: Li Hong‐wei , Yang Ce , Sun Jian‐hui , Cheng Yang‐fan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBiodiesel as a typical green energy and having of environmental and economic values is therefore suitable for emulsion explosive. Herein, we have demonstrated the use of biodiesel as a partial substitute of composite wax of emulsion explosives (EE), and mainly focused on the effects of biodiesel content on the thermal safety and explosion characteristics of EE. Compared with the EE without biodiesel, the average particle size of the internal phase decreases by 45.66 %, and the activation energy of the thermal decomposition reaction increases by 44.90 % when the biodiesel substitution amount is 2 %. The detonation velocity and lead column compression ratio are 5185 m/s and 0.4219 respectively, which were almost consistent with the sample without biodiesel. It follows that biodiesel addition increased the thermal safety of emulsion explosive simultaneously guaranteed explosive performance. Consequently, biodiesel can be developed as a promising oil phase substitute for EE.
Modeling the zinc effect on OsASR5‐STAR1 promoter interaction by molecular dynamics
Authors: Barros Nicolle Louise Ferreira , Siqueira Andrei Santos , Arenhart Rafael Augusto , Margis‐Pinheiro Marcia 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIntrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) have numerous dynamic conformations. Given the difficulties in tracking temporarily folded states of this kind of protein, methods such as molecular modeling and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations make the process less costly, less laborious, and more detailed. Few plant IDPs have been characterized so far, such as proteins from the Abscisic acid, Stress and Ripening (ASR) family. The present work applied, for the first time, the two above‐mentioned tools to test the feasibility of determining a three‐dimensional transition model of OsASR5 and to investigate the relationship between OsASR5 and zinc. We found that one of OsASR5's conformers contains α‐helices, turns, and loops and that the metal binding resulted in a predominance of α‐helix. This stability is possibly imperative for the transcription factor activity. The promoter region of a sugar transporter was chosen to test this hypothesis and free energy calculations showed how the ion is mandatory for this complex formation. The results produced here aim to clarify which conformation the protein in the bound state assumes and which residues are involved in the process, besides developing the understanding of how the flexibility of these proteins can contribute to the response to environmental stresses.
Finite‐time constrained attitude regulation for spacecraft formation with disturbances on SO(3)$$ SO(3) $$
Authors: Zhu Shengjie , Zhang Yuanyuan , Zong Xiaofeng , Li Renfu 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis paper addresses the finite‐time constrained attitude regulation problem for spacecraft formation with disturbances on . An artificial potential function (APF) is constructed based on the rotation matrix to handle the attitude constraints. By combining the terminal sliding mode control technique with the APF, a robust control law is proposed to achieve the almost globally constrained attitude regulation for spacecraft formation with disturbances in finite time. Then a leader‐following robust control law is developed using a modified finite‐time distributed observer when some spacecraft cannot obtain the desired attitude directly. Based on the Lyapunov stability theory and Artstein's transformation, the sufficient conditions are strictly derived for spacecraft formation to guarantee the almost globally leader‐following finite‐time constrained attitude regulation with disturbances and communication delay. Numerical simulations are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control laws.
Kemeny's constant for nonbacktracking random walks
Authors: Breen Jane , Faught Nolan , Glover Cory , Kempton Mark , Knudson Adam , Oveson Alice 
Published: February 2023

AbstractKemeny's constant for a connected graph is the expected time for a random walk to reach a randomly chosen vertex , regardless of the choice of the initial vertex. We extend the definition of Kemeny's constant to nonbacktracking random walks and compare it to Kemeny's constant for simple random walks. We explore the relationship between these two parameters for several families of graphs and provide closed‐form expressions for regular and biregular graphs. In nearly all cases, the nonbacktracking variant yields the smaller Kemeny's constant.
Edge Coordination of Ni Single Atoms on Hard Carbon Promotes the Potassium Storage and Reversibility
Authors: Chen Yuwen , Fu Ning , Shen Bingxin , Yan Yurong , Shao Wei , Wang Tiantian , Xie Haijiao , Yang Zhenglong 
Published: February 2023

AbstractHard carbon is the most promising anode for potassium‐ion batteries (PIBs) due to its low cost and abundance, but its limited storage capacity remains a major challenge. Herein, edge coordination of metal single atoms is proved to be an effective strategy for promoting potassium storage in hard carbon for the first time, taking B, N co‐doped hard carbon nanotubes anchored by edge Ni‐N4‐B atomic sites (Ni@BNHC) as an example. It is revealed that edge Ni‐N4‐B can provide active sites for interlayer adsorption of K+ and that Ni atoms can facilitate the reversibility of K+ storage on N and B atoms. Furthermore, an unprecedentedly reversible K+ storage capacity of 694 mAh g−1 at 0.05 A g−1 is realized by introducing commercial carbon nanotubes. This work provides a new perspective for the application of single‐atom engineering and the design of high‐performance carbon anodes for PIBs.
Patterning of Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Gold and Magnetite Nanoparticles by Dip Pen Nanolithography
Authors: Schlichter Lisa , Bosse Florian , Tyler Bonnie J. , Arlinghaus Heinrich F. , Ravoo Bart Jan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractNanoparticles offer unique physical and chemical properties. Dip pen nanolithography of nanoparticles enables versatile patterning and nanofabrication with potential application in electronics and sensing, but is not well studied yet. Herein, the patterned deposition of various nanoparticles onto unmodified silicon substrates is presented. It is shown that aqueous solutions of hydrophilic citrate and cyclodextrin functionalized gold nanoparticles as well as poly(acrylic) acid decorated magnetite nanoparticles are feasible for writing nanostructures. Both smaller and larger nanoparticles can be patterned. Hydrophobic oleylamine or n‐dodecylamine capped gold nanoparticles and oleic acid decorated magnetite nanoparticles are deposited from toluene. Tip loading is carried out by dip‐coating, and writing succeeds fast within 0.1 s. Also, coating with longer tip dwell times, at different relative humidity and varying frequency are studied for deposition of nanoparticle clusters. The resulting feature size is between 300 and 1780 nm as determined by scanning electron microscopy. Atomic force microscopy confirms that the heights of the deposited structures correspond to a single or double layer of nanoparticles. Higher writing speeds lead to smaller line thicknesses, offering possibilities to more complex structures. Dip pen nanolithography can hence be used to pattern nanoparticles on silicon substrates independent of the surface chemistry.
Observation of Exchange Interaction in Iron(II) Spin Crossover Molecules in Contact with Passivated Ferromagnetic Surface of Co/Au(111)
Authors: Chen Hongyan , Yang Hung‐Hsiang , Frauhammer Timo , You Haoran , Sun Qing , Nagel Peter , Schuppler Stefan , Gaspar Ana Belén , Real José Antonio , Wulfhekel Wulf 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSpin crossover (SCO) complexes sensitively react on changes of the environment by a change in the spin of the central metallic ion making them ideal candidates for molecular spintronics. In particular, the composite of SCO complexes and ferromagnetic (FM) surfaces would allow spin‐state switching of the molecules in combination with the magnetic exchange interaction to the magnetic substrate. Unfortunately, when depositing SCO complexes on ferromagnetic surfaces, spin‐state switching is blocked by the relatively strong interaction between the adsorbed molecules and the surface. Here, the Fe(II) SCO complex [FeII(Pyrz)2] (Pyrz = 3,5‐dimethylpyrazolylborate) with sub‐monolayer thickness in contact with a passivated FM film of Co on Au(111) is studied. In this case, the molecules preserve thermal spin crossover and at the same time the high‐spin species show a sizable exchange interaction of > 0.9 T with the FM Co substrate. These observations provide a feasible design strategy in fabricating SCO‐FM hybrid devices.
Nanoheterostructure by Liquid Metal Sandwich‐Based Interfacial Galvanic Replacement for Cancer Targeted Theranostics
Authors: Guo Zhenhu , Xie Wensheng , Gao Xiaohan , Lu Jingsong , Ye Jielin , Li Ying , Fahad Abdul , Zhang Guifeng , Zhao Lingyun 
Published: February 2023

AbstractNanoheterostructures with exquisite interface and heterostructure design find numerous applications in catalysis, plasmonics, electronics, and biomedicine. In the current study, series core–shell metal or metal oxide‐based heterogeneous nanocomposite have been successfully fabricated by employing sandwiched liquid metal (LM) layer (i.e., LM oxide/LM/LM oxide) as interfacial galvanic replacement reaction environment. A self‐limiting thin oxide layer, which would naturally occur at the metal–air interface under ambient conditions, could be readily delaminated onto the surface of core metal (Fe, Bi, carbonyl iron, Zn, Mo) or metal oxide (Fe3O4, Fe2O3, MoO3, ZrO2, TiO2) nano‐ or micro‐particles by van der Waals (vdW) exfoliation. Further on, the sandwiched LM layer could be formed immediately and acted as the reaction site of galvanic replacement where metals (Au, Ag, and Cu) or metal oxide (MnO2) with higher reduction potential could be deposited as shell structure. Such strategy provides facile and versatile approaches to design and fabricate nanoheterostructures. As a model, nanocomposite of Fe@Sandwiched‐GaIn‐Au (Fe@SW‐GaIn‐Au) is constructed and their application in targeted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) guided photothermal tumor ablation and chemodynamic therapy (CDT), as well as the enhanced radiotherapy (RT) against tumors, have been systematically investigated.
CircRNA circSTIL inhibits ferroptosis in colorectal cancer via miR‐431/SLC7A11 axis
Authors: Li Qiang , Li Kaimin , Guo Qinying , Yang Tao 
Published: February 2023

AbstractFerroptosis is an emerging programmed cell death and plays essential roles in tumorigenesis, including colorectal cancer (CRC). The present study intended to disclose the role of a novel oncogene circular RNA (circRNA) circSTIL in CRC phenotypes, especially ferroptosis. The expression of circSTIL was measured in CRC tissues and cells. Then, the impacts of circSTIL expression on the proliferation and ferroptosis of CRC cells were examined by loss‐of‐function assays in vitro. Bioinformatics, luciferase reporter assay and cell rescue assay were further performed to reveal the ceRNA‐associated mechanism of circSTIL. CircSTIL was significantly upregulated in CRC. Cell proliferation was suppressed while ferroptosis was induced with the silencing of circSTIL in CRC cells. Interestingly, circSTIL competed with miR‐431 for solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11) binding. Additionally, miR‐431 suppression or SLC7A11 overexpression overturned circSTIL silencing‐mediated cell phenotypes in CRC cells. CircSTIL promotes CRC cell proliferation and suppresses ferroptosis in vitro via miR‐431/SLC7A11 signaling, revealing the pathogenesis of CRC, and providing potential therapeutic targets of CRC.
Lead intoxication‐induced exosomes promote autophagy and apoptosis in renal proximal tubule cells by activating the adenosine 5'‐monophosphate‐activated protein kinase signaling
Authors: Jiang Qian , Feng Xuefang , Shen Jie , Wang Yanan , Zhang Yinghui , Zhou Rong 
Published: February 2023

AbstractLead (Pb) intoxication is known to damage the proximal tubules of kidney. Autophagy and apoptosis have been shown to be involved in a variety of renal injuries, but the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. In this study, we constructed a mice model of Pb intoxication and validated it against lead concentrations in blood and urine. Electron microscopy revealed that Pb promoted the accumulation of autophagosomes. Subsequent immunofluorescence and western blotting revealed that Pb intoxication suppressed the autophagic flux. Next, exosomes were isolated and extracted through ultracentrifugation, and were further identified by diameter analysis and marker detection. We also demonstrated that autophagy and apoptosis were enhanced in renal cells with exosomes of Pb expose. Furthermore, the specific mechanisms were explored by RNA sequencing and it was found that several targeted genes regulated by differential exosomal miRNAs and lncRNAs. Target genes accumulated in several signaling pathways, especially the adenosine 5'‐monophosphate‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling. We found that Pb intoxication‐induced exosomes activated the AMPK signaling in renal proximal tubule cells. Furthermore, autophagy and apoptosis assays showed that GSK‐690693, an AMPK inhibitor, significantly alleviated exosome‐induced renal injuries by Pb intoxication. In conclusion, Pb‐mediated exosome‐induced autophagy and apoptosis via activating the AMPK signaling contributing to Pb‐induced nephrotoxicity in renal cells.
Modeling Measurement and Its Quality
Authors: Mari Luca , Wilson Mark , Maul Andrew 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis chapter aims to propose a general model of a measurement process, consistent with the ontological and epistemological commitments developed in the previous chapters. Starting from the premise that any measurement is grounded on an empirical process, we propose a characterization of measurement methods related to the complementary roles of empirical and informational components, by broadly distinguishing between direct and indirect methods of measurement, where indirect measurements necessarily include at least one direct measurement. The stages of direct measurement are then analyzed and exemplified in reference to both physical and psychosocial properties. This is the basis for discussing once again the quality of measurement, now described in terms of the complementary requirements of object-relatedness (“objectivity”) and subject-independence (“intersubjectivity”).
Multi-purpose Management of the Walloon Waterways, from Local to Global Control of the Structures
Authors: Bertouille Nathan , Ludovic Gouverneur , Tim Franken , Philippe Dierickx , Céline Savary , Pieter Meert 
Published: February 2023

AbstractGiven current issues such as climate change and traffic growth, Walloon Region, located at the heart of the European waterway network, decided to develop Orhyx, a tool that allows a harmonized, global and digital management of the waterways. The main goal of Orhyx is to optimize the management of an entire waterway network in order to enhance security and navigability, improve environmental safety and optimize energy production and consumption. This optimization tool is a modular web application built around three main modules being visualization and monitoring of the current state of the system, forecasting the future state of the system and optimization of the operational and real-time management of the system. A preliminary version was developed on a reduced area of the Walloon waterways network. Tests are planned on an operational point of view in order to upgrade Orhyx to cover the whole network. Extensive offline validation of the optimization and the web application shows encouraging results and outlines the benefits of using a global, centralized and optimized management as well as al the challenges that arise with such operational systems.