bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A culturally adapted unified protocol for transdiagnostic treatment of anxiety disorders in adolescents (UP-A): a randomized waitlist-controlled trial
Authors: Zemestani Mehdi , Ezzati Saman , Nasiri Farzad , Gallagher Matthew W. , Barlow David H. , Kendall Philip C. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundAnxiety disorders are highly prevalent and debilitating conditions that show high comorbidity rates in adolescence. The present article illustrates how Unified Protocol for Transdiagnostic Treatment of Emotional Disorders in Adolescents (UP-A) was adapted for Iranian adolescents with anxiety disorders.MethodsA total of 54 adolescents with comorbid anxiety disorders participated in a randomized, waitlist-controlled trial of group weekly sessions of either UP-A or waitlist control (WLC). Primary and process of change outcomes were assessed at baseline, posttreatment, and 1-month follow-up.ResultsSignificant changes were observed over time on major DSM-5 anxiety disorder symptoms (F(2, 51) = 117.09, p < 0.001), phobia type symptoms (F(2, 51) = 100.67, p < 0.001), and overall anxiety symptoms (F(2, 51) = 196.29, p < 0.001), as well as on emotion regulation strategies of reappraisal (F(2, 51) = 17.03, p < 0.001), and suppression (F(2, 51) = 21.13, p < 0.001), as well as on intolerance of uncertainty dimensions including prospective (F(2, 51) = 74.49, p < 0.001), inhibitory (F(2, 51) = 45.94, p < 0.001), and total intolerance of uncertainty (F(2, 51) = 84.42, p < 0.001), in favor of UP-A over WLC.ConclusionOverall, results provide a cultural application of the UP-A and support the protocol as useful for improving anxiety disorders as well as modifying of emotion regulation strategies and intolerance of uncertainty dimensions in Iranian adolescents. Future directions and study limitations are discussed.
Tactile engagement of prospective next speakers in Indonesian multiparty conversations
Authors: Blythe Joe , Hamdani Fakry , Barnes Scott 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis article investigates the use of touch as a tool for engaging prospective next speakers within Indonesian multiparty conversation. We examine the lamination of touch onto questions directed towards specifically targeted recipients. First, we find that questions with touch are deployed when the physical environment complicates the attainment of mutual orientation. Second, when previously targeted recipients have failed to respond to a question, touch is added to follow-up questions that are deployed for pursuing a response. Third, touch is added to questions that are personal or that inquire about potentially delicate matters. This multimodal investigation of conversational turn-taking provides data from Colloquial Indonesian as basis for cross-linguistic comparison. In considering the volume of touches in these data we ask whether cultural and environmental factors might contribute to a haptic modification of ordinary turn-taking procedures. (Turn-taking, touch, multimodality, sociotopography)
DOUBLE LAYERED COMPRESSIBLE MASKS
Authors: FOWKES N. D. , MASON D. P. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDouble-masking may be used to reduce the transmission of a virus. If additionally the masks are compressible, with different permeabilities and behaviour under compression, then it may be possible to design a mask that allows for easy breathing under normal breathing conditions, but is relatively impermeable under coughing or sneezing conditions. Such a mask could be both comfortable to wear and effective. We obtain analytical solutions for the steady-state flow-through behaviour of such a double mask under flow-out conditions. The results show that the reduction in permeability required to produce a relatively impermeable mask under high flux expulsion (sneezing) conditions could be achieved using either a single filter compressible mask or two filters with different poroelastic parameters. The parameters can be more easily adjusted using a double mask. For both single- and double-mask cases, there is an abrupt cut off, whereby through-flux levels reduce from a maximum value to zero as pressure drop levels increase beyond a critical value. Additionally, in the double-mask case, there exists a second steady-state solution for particular parameter ranges. This second solution is unlikely to occur under normal circumstances.
Insights into the genetic diversity of Indian cardamom [Elettaria cardamomum (L.) Maton]: for a future research perspective
Authors: Preethy T. T. , Murugan Muthusamy , Mathews Nimisha , Kuriakose Astile 
Published: July 2023

AbstractOne of the most essential prerequisites in plant breeding is to have a maximum collection of germplasm materials with all sorts of variability. As a part of the programme under the All India Coordinated Research Projects on Spices, totally 196 germplasm accessions of small cardamom are being maintained as field gene bank repository at the Cardamom Research Station, Pampadumpara. Tropical evergreen forests of the Indian Western Ghats and Sri Lankan Central Highlands are recognized as the home of cardamom. The area and production of cardamom are maximum in Kerala followed by Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. Variations among the germplasm collections in morphological and biometrical characters as well as for yield have been studied and reported in this paper. Accessions with distinct morphological marker characters, such as compound panicle types, terminal panicle bearing, narrow leaf types, pink pseudostem types, dark green bold capsules with high-yield potential and biotic-stress tolerant types, are being evaluated and conserved in this repository. The assessment of genetic diversity is an essential prerequisite for undertaking crop breeding activities to evolve suitable area and region-specific variety. Sixty-seven cardamom accessions were studied for genetic diversity by evaluating 14 unique characters for 3 years (2016–2018). Almost all accessions have shown significant variability for most of the biometric and biotic stress characters. Results have indicated a greater magnitude of genetic diversity of small cardamom present among accessions representing whole evergreen tropical forest of the Western Ghats.
Marine Heatwaves Contribute More to Changing Air‐Water Exchange of Semi‐Volatile Organic Compounds Than Mean Sea Surface Temperature Rise
Authors: Fan Qinya , Yao Yulong , Liao Qihang , Chen Hongyu , Zou Xinqing , Fu Guanghe , Feng Ziyue , Ding Yongcheng , Yuan Feng 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA consequence of global warming, marine heatwaves (MHWs), have destructive effects on local marine ecology. However, few studies have examined their influence on the biogeochemical carbon cycle. Here we show, global warming has changed the air‐water exchange of semi‐volatile organic compounds (SVOCs), and MHWs contribute more to changing air‐water exchange of SVOCs than increases in mean sea surface temperature (SST). Higher temperatures increased the flux of SVOCs exchange from water to air and suppressed the exchange from air to water. As a result, the MHWs lead to a 13.27% decrease for the daily flux of single SVOC and 0.05% decrease for annual flux of total SVOCs. In contrast, the raising of mean SST result of 0.14% decrease for the daily flux of single SVOC, and 0.01% decrease for annual flux of total SVOCs. Moreover, we observed inversion in the direction of SVOCs air‐water exchange during some MHWs.
Chimney‐Like Intense Pelagic Upwelling in the Center of Basin‐Scale Cyclonic Gyres in Large Lake Geneva
Authors: Hamze‐Ziabari S. M. , Lemmin U. , Foroughan M. , Reiss R. S. , Barry D. A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBasin‐scale quasi‐geostrophic gyres are common features of large lakes subject to Coriolis force. Cyclonic gyres are often characterized by dome‐shaped thermoclines that form due to pelagic upwelling that takes place in their center. At present, the dynamics of pelagic upwelling within the surface mixed layer (SML) of large lakes are poorly documented. A unique combination of high‐resolution 3D numerical modeling, satellite imagery and field observations allowed confirming, for the first time in a lake, the existence of intense pelagic upwelling in the center of cyclonic gyres under strong shallow (summer) and weak deep (winter) stratified conditions/thermocline. Field observations in Lake Geneva revealed that surprisingly intense upwelling from the thermocline to the SML and even to the lake surface occurred as chimney‐like structures of cold water within the SML, as confirmed by Advanced Very High‐Resolution Radiometer data. Results of a calibrated 3D numerical model suggest that the classical Ekman pumping mechanism cannot explain such pelagic upwelling. Analysis of the contribution of various terms in the vertically averaged momentum equation showed that the nonlinear (advective) term dominates, resulting in heterogeneous divergent flows within cyclonic gyres. The combination of nonlinear heterogeneous divergent flow and 3D ageostrophic strain caused by gyre distortion is responsible for the chimney‐like upwelling in the SML. The potential impact of such pelagic upwelling on long‐term observations at a measurement station in the center of Lake Geneva suggests that caution should be exercised when relying on limited (in space and/or time) profile measurements for monitoring and quantifying processes in large lakes.
Evaluating EAMv2 Simulated High Latitude Clouds Using ARM Measurements in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres
Authors: Zhang Meng , Xie Shaocheng , Liu Xiaohong , Zhang Damao , Lin Wuyin , Zhang Kai , Golaz Jean‐Christophe , Zheng Xue , Zhang Yuying 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis study evaluates high latitude stratiform mixed‐phase clouds (SMPC) in the atmosphere model of the Energy Exascale Earth System Model version 2 (EAMv2) by utilizing one‐year‐long ground‐based remote sensing measurements from the Atmospheric Radiation and Measurement (ARM) program. A nudging approach is applied to model simulations for a constrained comparison with the ARM observations. Observed and modeled SMPCs are sampled and collocated to address the difference in data resolution, so that we can consistently evaluate their macrophysical properties at the North Slope of Alaska (NSA) site in the Arctic and the McMurdo (AWR) site in the Antarctic. We found that EAMv2 overestimates SMPC frequency of occurrence at both sites. However, the model captures the observed larger cloud frequency of occurrence at the NSA site. For collocated SMPCs, the annual statistics of observed cloud macrophysics are generally reproduced at the NSA site, while at the AWR site, there are larger biases. Compared to the AWR site, the lower cloud top and cloud base and the warmer cloud top temperature observed at NSA are well simulated. On the other hand, simulated cloud phase is substantially biased. The model largely overestimates liquid water path, and the ice water path is underestimated at NSA, but at AWR, the liquid water path is frequently underestimated due to the dominance of snow in Antarctic SMPCs. As a result, the observed hemispheric difference in cloud phase partitioning is misrepresented in EAMv2. This study implies that additional model development is needed for high latitude mixed‐phase clouds.
A Ground‐Based Instrument Suite for Integrated High‐Time Resolution Measurements of Pulsating Aurora With Arase
Authors: Hosokawa K. , Oyama S.‐I. , Ogawa Y. , Miyoshi Y. , Kurita S. , Teramoto M. , Nozawa S. , Kawabata T. , Kawamura Y. , Tanaka Y.‐M. , Miyaoka H. , Kataoka R. , Shiokawa K. , Brändström U. , Turunen E. , Raita T. , Johnsen M. G. , Hall C. , Hampton D. , Ebihara Y. , Kasahara Y. , Matsuda S. , Shinohara I. , Fujii R. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA specialized ground‐based system has been developed for simultaneous observations of pulsating aurora (PsA) and related magnetospheric phenomena with the Arase satellite. The instrument suite is composed of (a) six 100 Hz sampling high‐speed all‐sky imagers (ASIs), (b) two 10 Hz sampling monochromatic ASIs observing 427.8 and 844.6 nm auroral emissions, (c) a 20 Hz sampling fluxgate magnetometer. The 100 Hz ASIs were deployed in four stations in Scandinavia and two stations in Alaska, which have been used for capturing the main pulsations and quasi 3 Hz internal modulations of PsA at the same time. The 10 Hz sampling monochromatic ASIs have been operative in Tromsø, Norway with the 20 Hz sampling magnetometer. Combination of these multiple instruments with the European Incoherent SCATter (EISCAT) radar enables us to detect the low‐altitude ionization due to energetic electron precipitation during PsA and further to reveal the ionospheric electrodynamics behind PsA. Since the launch of the Arase satellite, the data from these instruments have been examined in comparison with the wave and particle data from the satellite in the magnetosphere. In the future, the system can be utilized not only for studies of PsA but also for other classes of aurora in close collaboration with the planned EISCAT_3D project.
A Framework of Dependence Modeling and Evaluation System for Compound Flood Events
Authors: Wang Xu , Shen Yong‐Ming 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe coincidence and superposition of flood processes from different rivers and regions tend to form compound flood events, determined by spatial relationship between diverse flood processes that cannot be accurately depicted and evaluated by existing dependence analysis methods. A framework, integrating multi‐dimensional vine copula model and dependence evaluation system, was developed with a testing‐oriented application to explore underlying dependence between two kinds of extreme runoff series (peak discharge and flood volume) extracted from the identified compound flood events in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. Multi‐dimensional regular vine (R‐vine) copula models were established to depict the complex and diverse dependence, and corresponding vine structure was specified by the vine structure array that can reflect the sequence of tributaries flowing into the main stream and the spatial locations of different hydrometric stations. Dependence magnitude and association status were calculated and compared according to the optimal R‐vine copula models and information theory. Comparison with existing methods demonstrated that dependence evaluation system could reflect nonlinear and local dependence characteristics and eliminate the effect of extreme runoff series from other hydrometric station on the dependence. The association status between different extreme runoff series of the upper Yangtze River and its tributaries were diverse in view of the impact of tributary flood inflow. The proposed framework can be regarded as an effective way for dependence modeling and evaluation of compound floods, thus providing a scientific reference for the risk analysis of water resources systems.
Body composition and risk factors for cardiovascular disease in global multi-ethnic populations
Authors: Carter Jennifer L. , Abdullah Noraidatulakma , Bragg Fiona , Murad Nor Azian Abdul , Taylor Hannah , Fong Chin Siok , Lacey Benjamin , Sherliker Paul , Karpe Fredrik , Mustafa Norlaila , Lewington Sarah , Jamal Rahman 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
No large-scale studies have compared associations between body composition and cardiovascular risk factors across multi-ethnic populations.

Methods
Population-based surveys included 30,721 Malay, 10,865 Indian and 25,296 Chinese adults from The Malaysian Cohort, and 413,737 White adults from UK Biobank. Sex-specific linear regression models estimated associations of anthropometry and body composition (body mass index [BMI], waist circumference [WC], fat mass, appendicular lean mass) with systolic blood pressure (SBP), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides and HbA1c.

Results
Compared to Malay and Indian participants, Chinese adults had lower BMI and fat mass while White participants were taller with more appendicular lean mass. For BMI and fat mass, positive associations with SBP and HbA1c were strongest among the Chinese and Malay and weaker in White participants. Associations with triglycerides were considerably weaker in those of Indian ethnicity (eg 0.09 [0.02] mmol/L per 5 kg/m2 BMI in men, vs 0.38 [0.02] in Chinese). For appendicular lean mass, there were weak associations among men; but stronger positive associations with SBP, triglycerides, and HbA1c, and inverse associations with LDL-C, among Malay and Indian women. Associations between WC and risk factors were generally strongest in Chinese and weakest in Indian ethnicities, although this pattern was reversed for HbA1c.

Conclusion
There were distinct patterns of adiposity and body composition and cardiovascular risk factors across ethnic groups. We need to better understand the mechanisms relating body composition with cardiovascular risk to attenuate the increasing global burden of obesity-related disease.
Incorporation of a Toll-like receptor 2/6 agonist potentiates mRNA vaccines against cancer and infectious diseases
Authors: Gu Yangzhuo , Yang Jingyun , He Cai , Zhao Tingmei , Lu Ran , Liu Jian , Mo Xianming , Wen Fuqiang , Shi Huashan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractmRNA vaccines have emerged rapidly in recent years as a prophylactic and therapeutic agent against various diseases including cancer and infectious diseases. Improvements of mRNA vaccines have been underway, among which boosting of efficacy is of great importance. Pam2Cys, a simple synthetic metabolizable lipoamino acid that signals through Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2/6 pathway, eliciting both humoral and cellular adaptive immune responses, is an interesting candidate adjuvant. To investigate the enhancement of the efficacies of mRNA vaccines by Pam2Cys, the adjuvant was incorporated into mRNA-lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) to achieve co-delivery with mRNA. Immunization with the resulting mRNA-LNPs (Pam2Cys) shaped up the immune milieu in the draining lymph nodes (dLNs) through the induction of IL-12 and IL-17, among other cytokines. Antigen presentation was carried out mainly by migratory and dLN-resident conventional type 2 DCs (cDC2s) and significantly more potent antitumor responses were triggered in both prophylactic and therapeutic tumor models in a CD4+ and CD8+ T cell-dependent fashion. Accompanying memory antitumor immunity was also established. Moreover, the vaccine also stimulated much more robust humoral and cellular immunity in a surrogate COVID-19 prophylactic model. Last but not the least, the new vaccines exhibited good preliminary safety profiles in murine models. These facts warrant future development of Pam2Cys-incorporated mRNA vaccines or relevant mRNA therapeutics for clinical application.
Chronic oxidative stress adaptation in head and neck cancer cells generates slow-cyclers with decreased tumour growth in vivo
Authors: Berner Julia , Miebach Lea , Kordt Marcel , Seebauer Christian , Schmidt Anke , Lalk Michael , Vollmar Brigitte , Metelmann Hans-Robert , Bekeschus Sander 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are implicated in cancer therapy and as drivers of microenvironmental tumour cell adaptations. Medical gas plasma is a multi-ROS generating technology that has been shown effective for palliative tumour control in head and neck cancer (HNC) patients before tumour cells adapted to the oxidative stress and growth regressed fatally.

Methods
In a bedside-to-bench approach, we sought to explore the oxidative stress adaptation in two human squamous cell carcinoma cell lines. Gas plasma was utilised as a putative therapeutic agent and chronic oxidative stress inducer.

Results
Cellular responses of single and multiple treated cells were compared regarding sensitivity, cellular senescence, redox state and cytokine release. Whole transcriptome analysis revealed a strong correlation of cancer cell adaption with increased interleukin 1 receptor type 2 (IL1R2) expression. Using magnetic resonance imaging, tumour growth and gas plasma treatment responses of wild-type (WT) and repeatedly exposed (RE) A431 cells were further investigated in a xenograft model in vivo. RE cells generated significantly smaller tumours with suppressed inflammatory secretion profiles and increased epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activity showing significantly lower gas plasma sensitivity until day 8.

Conclusions
Clinically, combination treatments together with cetuximab, an EGFR inhibitor, may overcome acquired oxidative stress resistance in HNC.
MGCG regulates glioblastoma tumorigenicity via hnRNPK/ATG2A and promotes autophagy
Authors: Chu Fang , Wu Pengfei , Mu Maolin , Hu Shanshan , Niu Chaoshi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractGlioblastoma (GBM) is the most common malignant primary brain cancer in adults and has constantly been a focus of research. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in the development of cancers. To illustrate the role of lncRNAs in the development of glioblastoma, high-throughput RNA sequencing was performed to obtain the transcripts using three freshly isolated tumor tissue samples from GBM patients and three normal brain tissue samples from the traumatic brain of patients. Then, a lncRNA, MGCG (MGC70870 is expressed at a high level in glioblastoma), which has not been reported previously in GBM, was found to be associated with the prognosis of patients. The results of bioinformatic analysis showed that MGCG was correlated with autophagy and positively correlated with the expression of the autophagy-related gene ATG2A. The data of mass spectrometry demonstrated that the hnRNPK protein was a direct target interacting with MGCG, and MGCG/hnRNPK promoted the development of GBM by enhancing the translation of ATG2A and autophagy. In conclusion, the present study showed that MGCG has the potential to promote the development of GBM and may become a candidate for molecular diagnostics and treatment of tumors.
Mannose antagonizes GSDME-mediated pyroptosis through AMPK activated by metabolite GlcNAc-6P
Authors: Ai Yuan-li , Wang Wei-jia , Liu Fan-jian , Fang Wei , Chen Hang-zi , Wu Liu-zheng , Hong Xuehui , Zhu Yuekun , Zhang Ci-xiong , Liu Long-yu , Hong Wen-bin , Zhou Bo , Chen Qi-tao , Wu Qiao 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPyroptosis is a type of regulated cell death executed by gasdermin family members. However, how gasdermin-mediated pyroptosis is negatively regulated remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that mannose, a hexose, inhibits GSDME-mediated pyroptosis by activating AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Mechanistically, mannose metabolism in the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway increases levels of the metabolite N-acetylglucosamine-6-phosphate (GlcNAc-6P), which binds AMPK to facilitate AMPK phosphorylation by LKB1. Activated AMPK then phosphorylates GSDME at Thr6, which leads to blockade of caspase-3-induced GSDME cleavage, thereby repressing pyroptosis. The regulatory role of AMPK-mediated GSDME phosphorylation was further confirmed in AMPK knockout and GSDMET6E or GSDMET6A knock-in mice. In mouse primary cancer models, mannose administration suppressed pyroptosis in small intestine and kidney to alleviate cisplatin- or oxaliplatin-induced tissue toxicity without impairing antitumor effects. The protective effect of mannose was also verified in a small group of patients with gastrointestinal cancer who received normal chemotherapy. Our study reveals a novel mechanism whereby mannose antagonizes GSDME-mediated pyroptosis through GlcNAc-6P-mediated activation of AMPK, and suggests the utility of mannose supplementation in alleviating chemotherapy-induced side effects in clinic applications.