bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Provision of domiciliary dental service to residential aged care facilities: A 3‐year descriptive summary
Authors: Chu Kuang‐Yin , Wright Frederick Allan Clive , Naganathan Vasi , Stanaway Fiona , Tran Juliette , Cockrell Deborah 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAimThis cross‐sectional descriptive study described the oral health status and types of domiciliary dental treatment received by residents living in residential care after an oral health assessment (OHAT).MethodsTwenty‐one facilities were recruited where consenting participants received OHAT followed by a referral for further domiciliary dental treatments. Data were captured and stored as Reach‐OHT database where 2017–2019 data were analyzed.ResultOverall, 88% of residents consented. 69.1% were referred for treatment after completion of OHAT. More than half had one or more caries; 40% showed sign of periodontal disease; a higher proportion of dentate participants had an unsatisfactory level of oral cleanliness. Of those received domiciliary dental treatment, diagnostic and preventive service was the combination most frequently provided. These comprised an average of 71.9% of total treatment provided across the 3‐year period.ConclusionThis study contributes to the understanding and knowledge around the provision of domiciliary dental services in residential care. A large number of older people in residential care can be assessed and treated through a domiciliary service pathway. As the vast majority of services provided were diagnostic, preventive, and restorative care, the feasibility of utilizing the skillset of the entire dental team should be explored.
The construction of racial stereotypes and how they serve as racial propaganda
Authors: Melson‐Silimon Arturia , Spivey Briana N. , Skinner‐Dorkenoo Allison L. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn social psychology, stereotypes have generally been viewed as overgeneralized beliefs about social groups in society. Although stereotypes—especially those that are negative—tend to be recognized as contributing to prejudice and discrimination of marginalized communities, they are often conceptualized as containing a “kernel of truth.” Meanwhile, there has been relatively little consideration of the historical and cultural origins of racial stereotypes. This is an important oversight given that stereotypes have and continue to be used as a means to excuse and reinforce the systemic oppression of communities of color. Thus, the current paper uses a historical framework to review major stereotypes that have targeted communities of color throughout U.S. history, with a focus on stereotypes of Black people. In doing so, we conceptualize racial stereotypes as propaganda that have historically functioned to support oppressive societal systems in the U.S. by both (a) shaping public perceptions and expectations and (b) by influencing the thoughts and behavior of members of stereotyped groups. By situating stereotypes within their historical and cultural frames, readers can recognize the way stereotypes reinforce systems of oppression. We conclude with research implications and encourage stereotyping scholars to foreground the social construction of stereotypes and the function that they serve by contextualizing their work in the social and historical context in which stereotypes emerged.
Do carer tasks predict carer employment? Evidence from the Survey of Adult Carers in England
Authors: Candon David , Hewitt Michael , Liu‐Smith Yu‐Ling , Murphy Peter 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDue to the large number of unpaid carers in England, there is an extensive body of research which examines the determinants of carers' employment. Despite this, little is known about the relationship between the specific tasks that carers perform and their labour supply. Using data from the Survey of Adult Carers in England, we examine the relationship between carer tasks and carer employment outcomes. We find that carers who perform tasks that are time‐bound have a lower probability of working compared to carers who do not perform these tasks. Similarly, carers who perform shiftable tasks have a higher probability of working compared to carers who do not perform these tasks. If future social policy is to be designed to allow carers to also maintain their employment, then targeting services at the carer tasks which have the largest impact on employment needs to be taken into account.
Saprininae: Phylogeny, biogeography and a new classification of the subfamily (Coleoptera: Histeridae)
Authors: Lackner Tomáš , Zhang Yuanmeng Miles , Kindler Carolin , Motyka Michal , Balke Michael 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWith 74 genera and subgenera and approximately 740 species, Saprininae represent one of the largest subfamilies of Histeridae (Coleoptera: Histeroidea). Here, we present a phylogenetic hypothesis for Saprininae based on comprehensive taxonomic sampling. This is the first phylogenetic study combining molecular and morphological approaches (cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1, 18S ribosomal RNA and 93 morphological characters). As a result, we propose a new classification; five new tribes are erected: Myrmetini Portevin stat. and sens. nov.; Euspilotini Lackner, trib. nov.; Eremosaprinini Lackner, trib. nov.; Saprinini Blanchard, sens. nov.; and Hypocaccini Lackner, trib. nov. Additional nomenclatural acts are as follows: Chelyoxenus Hubbard is downgraded to a subgenus of Geomysaprinus Ross, thus Geomysaprinus (Chelyoxenus) stat. nov., Nessus Reichardt is transferred from a subgenus of Hypocaccus C. Thomson to a subgenus of Hypocacculus Bickhardt, thus Hypocacculus (Nessus) stat. rest. The following taxa Paraphilothis Vienna, Styphrus Motschulsky, Xerosaprinus Wenzel, Lophobregmus Wenzel, Vastosaprinus Wenzel, Auchmosaprinus Wenzel, Hemisaprinus Kryzhanovskij & Reichardt, Reichardtia Wenzel and Australopachylopus Lackner & Leschen are all downgraded into subgenera of Saprinus Erichson. Thus, Saprinus (Paraphilothis) stat. nov., Saprinus (Styphrus) stat. nov., Saprinus (Xerosaprinus) stat. nov., Saprinus (Vastosaprinus) stat. nov., Saprinus (Auchmosaprinus) stat. nov., Saprinus (Lophobregmus) stat. nov., Saprinus (Hemisaprinus) stat. rest., Saprinus (Reichardtia) stat. nov., Saprinus (Australopachylopus) stat. nov. A new genus, Paraxenus Lackner gen. nov., is proposed for the former South African and Namibian members of the genus Pholioxenus Reichardt, with the following new combinations: Paraxenus diasi (Vienna) comb. nov.; Paraxenus eremicola (Thérond) comb. nov.; Paraxenus namibiensis (Vienna) comb. nov.; Paraxenus oleolus (Thérond) comb. nov.; Paraxenus therondi (Olexa) comb. nov.; and Paraxenus uhligi (Mazur) comb. nov. Additionally, based on the analysis of the dispersal patterns, Myrmetini appear to be a bipolar (amphitropical) clade, while Eremosaprinini appear to be exclusive to the Western Hemisphere. Euspilotini are strongly represented in the Western Hemisphere, with only a handful of species known from the Palaearctic/Oriental regions. Saprinini and Hypocaccini are spread worldwide but are poorly represented in South America. The Holarctic (in particular the Nearctic) Region is proposed as the centre of origin of the subfamily around 80 million years ago (Ma). Inquilinism is hypothesised to be the ancestral state for the group, with several subsequent independent shifts in life histories. Saprininae cladogenesis occurred mainly during the Palaeogene (66–23.03 Ma) and could be linked to the diversification of mammals.
Does it matter where your ancestor come from? Genetic distance and bilateral foreign direct investment
Authors: Liu Wei , Zhao Zhihui , Cui Yan , Guo Fangchen , Wu Yuzhao 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis paper selects 141 countries from 2009 to 2020 to investigate the impact of genetic distance on bilateral foreign direct investment (FDI). Through theoretical and empirical analysis, we get the following conclusions. First, genetic distance has a significant negative impact on bilateral FDI by increasing transaction costs. This conclusion still holds after several robust checks. Second, genetic distance has different effects on bilateral FDI for different countries: (1) If at least one of the two countries is a low‐income country, genetic distance will have a significant negative impact on their FDI, but no significant impact on both high‐income countries; (2) if at least one of the two countries is not a member of the Belt and Road Initiative, genetic distance will have a significant negative impact, but no significant impact on both member countries; and (3) genetic distance has a significant negative impact only when both countries are World Trade Organization members. Third, further analysis shows that a smaller genetic distance has no significant effect on bilateral FDI, and only when the genetic distance is larger than the average would a significant negative impact exists. This paper provides policy recommendations for promoting bilateral investment.
MRI and CT features of a disc herniation through a fractured lumbar vertebra causing lumbar spinal cord compression in a dog
Authors: Capasso Michele , Dell'Era Elena , Carloni Andrea , Balducci Federica , Specchi Swan , Bernardini Marco 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA 5‐year‐old intact male Saint Bernard was presented for paraparesis following a fall down the stairs. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a chronic fragmentation of the dorsocaudal aspect of the second lumbar vertebral body (L2). Material migrated from the L2 to L3 intervertebral space through the fractured caudal vertebral endplate into the vertebral body and reached the vertebral canal, resulting in a severe extradural compressive myelopathy. Computed tomography confirmed the vertebral fragmentation. Histology of surgically removed compressive material revealed fibrocartilaginous material. The uncommon route of the extruded disc material through a fractured vertebral body makes this case of traumatic disc extrusion unusual.
Computed tomographic characteristics of frontal sinus ossifying fibroma in a dog
Authors: Birckhead Alice , Carstens Ann , Geiss Erik , Yap Fui , Huizing Xander 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA 10‐year‐old female spayed Kelpie cross was presented to The Austin Vet Specialists for further investigation of a mineralized, lobulated frontal sinus mass that had previously been detected radiographically. Computed tomography (CT) revealed a large, expansile, well‐defined, heterogeneously mineral attenuating mass invading both frontal sinuses. The mass was surgically debulked via a frontal sinusotomy approach. Histopathology was consistent with ossifying fibroma. This is the first published report to describe frontal sinus ossifying fibroma in a dog, and the second to describe CT features of ossifying fibroma involving the cranium in a dog.
Performance of a commercially available artificial intelligence software for the detection of confirmed pulmonary nodules and masses in canine thoracic radiography
Authors: Pomerantz Leah Kathleen , Solano Mauricio , Kalosa‐Kenyon Eric 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAdvancements in the field of artificial intelligence (AI) are modest in veterinary medicine relative to their substantial growth in human medicine. However, interest in this field is increasing, and commercially available veterinary AI products are already on the market. In this retrospective, diagnostic accuracy study, the accuracy of a commercially available convolutional neural network AI product (Vetology AI®) is assessed on 56 thoracic radiographic studies of pulmonary nodules and masses, as well as 32 control cases. Positive cases were confirmed to have pulmonary pathology consistent with a nodule/mass either by CT, cytology, or histopathology. The AI software detected pulmonary nodules/masses in 31 of 56 confirmed cases and correctly classified 30 of 32 control cases. The AI model accuracy is 69.3%, balanced accuracy 74.6%, F1‐score 0.7, sensitivity 55.4%, and specificity 93.75%. Building on these results, both the current clinical relevance of AI and how veterinarians can be expected to use available commercial products are discussed.
Outcomes for 15 cats with bilateral sacroiliac luxation treated with transiliosacral toggle suture repair
Authors: Froidefond Baptiste , Moinard Mathieu , Caron Alexandre 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo report a surgical technique and outcomes of transiliosacral toggle suture repair to treat feline bilateral sacroiliac luxation/fracture (SILF).Study designRetrospective study.AnimalsFifteen client‐owned cats.MethodsThe medical records of cats with bilateral SILF treated using a transiliosacral toggle suture repair were reviewed. Short‐ and medium‐term outcomes were assessed through standard postoperative clinical evaluation and radiographs, including measurements of angle of deviation (AoD), percentage of reduction (PoR), and pelvic canal width ratio (PCWR). Long‐term functional follow up was obtained from a questionnaire derived from the Feline Musculoskeletal Pain Index (FMPI).ResultsFifteen cats were enrolled retrospectively, among which 13 survived to discharge. One minor wound complication, treated by secondary intention healing, was encountered. No major complication was reported. Immediately postoperatively, the mean absolute PoR values were 88.1 ± 11.2% and 91 ± 11.6% on the right and left side, respectively. The mean absolute AoD was 3.1 ± 2.8°, and the mean PCWR was 1.24 ± 0.08. The medium‐term radiographic follow up at a median of 205 (71–682) days postsurgery revealed the good stability of the repair. Excellent functional outcomes were identified upon the analysis of 12 long‐term questionnaires at a median of 365 (119–798) days postsurgery.ConclusionAnatomic reduction was satisfactory and comparable with previously described techniques with good implant placement documented. Functional outcomes based on FMPI‐derived questionnaires were good to excellent in our population.Clinical significanceTransiliosacral toggle suture stabilization of bilateral SILF was associated with good outcomes in cats. Further studies are required to compare biomechanical properties and outcomes between this technique and previously described transiliosacral stabilization.
Branched covers and matrix factorizations
Authors: Leuschke Graham J. , Tribone Tim 
Published: August 2023

AbstractLet be a regular local ring and a non‐zero element of . A theorem due to Knörrer states that there are finitely many isomorphism classes of maximal Cohen–Macaulay (CM) ‐modules if and only if the same is true for the double branched cover of , that is, the hypersurface ring which is defined by in . We consider an analogue of this statement in the case of the hypersurface ring defined instead by for . In particular, we show that this hypersurface, which we refer to as the ‐fold branched cover of , has finite CM representation type if and only if, up to isomorphism, there are only finitely many indecomposable matrix factorizations of with factors. As a result, we give a complete list of polynomials with this property in characteristic zero. Furthermore, we show that reduced ‐fold matrix factorizations of correspond to Ulrich modules over the ‐fold branched cover of .
Forbidden intersections for codes
Authors: Keevash Peter , Lifshitz Noam , Long Eoin , Minzer Dor 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDetermining the maximum size of a ‐intersecting code in was a longstanding open problem of Frankl and Füredi, solved independently by Ahlswede and Khachatrian and by Frankl and Tokushige. We extend their result to the setting of forbidden intersections, by showing that for any and large compared with (but not necessarily ) that the same bound holds for codes with the weaker property of being ‐avoiding, that is, having no two vectors that agree on exactly coordinates. Our proof proceeds via a junta approximation result of independent interest, which we prove via a development of our recent theory of global hypercontractivity: we show that any ‐avoiding code is approximately contained in a ‐intersecting junta (a code where membership is determined by a constant number of coordinates). In particular, when , this gives an alternative proof of a recent result of Eberhard, Kahn, Narayanan and Spirkl that symmetric intersecting codes in have size .
Inhibition of the baroreceptor reflex on stimulation in the brain stem defence centre
Authors: Coote J. H. , Hilton S. M. , Perez-Gonzalez J. F. 
Published: August 2023

1. In anaesthetized cats, the pattern of cardiovascular response characteristic of the defence reaction has been elicited by localized electrical stimulation within the appropriate region of the hypothalamus. The baroreceptor reflex response has been elicited by raising the pressure in a blind sac preparation of the carotid sinus or by electrical stimulation of the sinus nerve.2. In addition to arterial blood pressure, heart rate and regional blood flows, activity was recorded in cardiac and renal sympathetic nerves, to assess more precisely the cardiomotor and vasomotor changes during interactions between brain stem stimulation and baroreceptor activation.3. The sympatho‐inhibitory and depressor effects of carotid sinus stimulation or electrical stimulation of the sinus nerve could be completely suppressed by stimulation within the hypothalamic defence area, as could the reflex bradycardia. It is concluded that this suppression is effected through the central nervous system.4. Stimulation at points in the hypothalamus close to, but outside, the defence area, and which elicited increases in arterial pressure and sympathetic activity of similar magnitude to those from the defence area itself, did not abolish the sympatho‐inhibitory or depressor effects of baroreceptor activation, though the reflex bradycardia was usually inhibited. It is suggested that this less localized change results from augmentation of the central inspiratory drive which inhibits the vagal outflow to the heart.
Experimental Setup for In-Process Measurements and Analysis of Wear-Dependent Surface Topographies
Authors: Potthoff Nils , Liß Jan , Wiederkehr Petra 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
High-strength and corrosion-resistant materials, such as the nickel-based superalloy Inconel 718, are widely used in the energy and aerospace industries. However, machining these materials results in high process forces and significant tool wear. This tool wear negatively influences the resulting surface topography. Nevertheless, the accuracy requirements for functional surfaces are extremely high. Simulation systems can be used to design these processes. However, time-consuming and cost-intensive experiments often have to be conducted to develop and parameterize the required models. To overcome this problem, an analogy test setup for in-process measurements of wear-dependent properties was developed, which allows a multi-level evaluation of the process. By combining different measurement techniques, wear-dependent process characteristics can be determined and analyzed, which is usually only possible for initial and final conditions requiring a significant measurement effort.
Development of clinical-based scoring system to diagnose tuberculous meningitis in children
Authors: Handryastuti Setyo , Latifah Dianing , Bermanshah Evita Karianni , Gunardi Hartono , Kadim Muzal , Iskandar R Adhi Teguh Perma 
Published: August 2023

ObjectiveDiagnosing tuberculous meningitis (TBM) in children is challenging due to the low sensitivity with time delay of bacterial culture techniques and the lack of brain imaging facilities in many low- and middle-income settings. This study aims to establish and test a scoring system consisting of clinical manifestations on history and examination for diagnosing TBM in children.DesignA retrospective study was conducted using a diagnostic multivariable prediction model.Participants167 children diagnosed with meningitis (tuberculous, bacterial, viral and others) aged 3 months to 18 years who were hospitalised from July 2011 until November 2021 in a national tertiary hospital in Indonesia.ResultsEight out of the 10 statistically significant clinical characteristics were used to develop a predictive model. These resulted in good discrimination and calibration variables, which divided into systemic features with a cut-off score of ≥3 (sensitivity 78.8%; specificity 86.6%; the area under the curve (AUC) value 0.89 (95% CI 0.85 to 0.95; p<0.001)) and neurological features with a cut-off score of ≥2 (sensitivity 61.2%; specificity 75.2%; the AUC value 0.73 (95% CI 0.66 to 0.81; p<0.001)). Combined together, this scoring system predicted the diagnosis of TBM with a sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value of 47.1%, 95.1% and 90.9%, respectively.ConclusionThe clinical scoring system consisting of systemic and neurological features can be used to predict the diagnosis of TBM in children with limited resource setting. The scoring system should be assessed in a prospective cohort.
Role of urine culture in paediatric patients with cancer with fever and neutropenia: a prospective observational study
Authors: Alonso-Cadenas Jose Antonio , Sancosmed Ron Monica , Herrero Blanca , Lera Carballo Esther , Lassaletta Alvaro , Rodrigo Rocio , de la Torre Mercedes 
Published: August 2023

ObjectiveTo evaluate the need for routine urine studies in children with febrile neutropenia with cancer.DesignA prospective, observational study was conducted in two hospitals between November 2019 and October 2021.PatientsWe recruited 205 patients in total.Main outcome measuresThe primary outcome was presence of positive urine culture (UC). Urinary tract infection (UTI) was defined as urinary signs/symptoms and positive UC with or without pyuria. A descriptive analysis of data is provided.We conducted a prospective study of paediatric patients with cancer with urinary continence. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics. The diagnostic performance of urinalysis was calculated using positive UC as the gold standard.ResultsPositive UC was found in 7 of the 205 patients (3.4%; 95% CI 1.4% to 6.9%), 2 presenting urinary symptoms. UTI prevalence was 1.0% (95% CI 0.1% to 3.5%). A 23.8% prevalence of positive UC was found in patients with urinary symptoms and/or history of urinary tract disease (95% CI 8.2% to 47.2%) as compared with 1.1% of those without symptoms or history (95% CI 0.1% to 3.9%) (p<0.001). The sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value, and area under the curve for urinalysis were 16.7% (95% CI 3.0% to 56.4%), 98.4% (95% CI 95.3% to 99.4%), 97.3% (95% CI 93.9% to 98.9%), and 0.65 (95% CI 0.51 to 0.79), respectively.ConclusionsUTI is an infrequent cause of infection in these patients. Urinalysis is indicated only in children with febrile neutropenia with urinary signs/symptoms and in asymptomatic patients with a history of urinary tract disease or unknown history. When urine is collected, UC should be requested regardless of the result of the urinalysis.