bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differences and analogies in thyroid cancer discovered incidentally or by thyroid-related screening: a multicenter study
Authors: Croce Laura , Ruggeri Rosaria Maddalena , Virili Camilla , Cappelli Carlo , Teliti Marsida , Costa Pietro , Chytiris Spyridon , Nicocia Antonio , Coperchini Francesca , Bagaglini Maria Flavia , Magri Flavia , Campennì Alfredo , Rotondi Mario 
Published: January 2025

Graphical AbstractAbstractObjectiveThe prevalence of thyroid cancer (TC) has increased worldwide, and an association with metabolic and cardiovascular disorders has been reported. Moreover, an increasing percentage of patients are currently diagnosed incidentally through non-thyroid-related imaging for other clinical conditions. Our aim was to assess the prevalence of thyroid-related disease (TD) versus incidental diagnosis (ID) pre-surgery reasons leading to TC diagnosis and to compare the two groups in terms of clinical characteristics, size and severity of TC at presentation and rate of non-thyroid cancers and cardiovascular/metabolic comorbidities.DesignWe performed a retrospective cohort study in three high-volume hospital-based centers for thyroid diseases (Pavia, Latina and Messina) in Italy.PatientsConsecutive patients with TC were included.MeasurementsData on pre-surgery reasons leading to TC diagnosis, age, sex, BMI, presence of cardiometabolic comorbidities and non-thyroid cancer were collected.ResultsAmong the 327 enrolled subjects, the diagnosis of TC was prompted by thyroid-related reasons in 262 (80.1%, TD group) and incidental in 65 (19.9%, ID group). The ID group patients were more frequently males, significantly older and with a higher BMI than the TD group ones; they had a higher rate of non-thyroidal cancers and cardiovascular/metabolic comorbidities. No significant differences could be observed in terms of TC histotype, cancer size, extrathyroidal extension, lymph node metastases, AJCC staging or American Thyroid Association (ATA) risk stratification.ConclusionsBiological features of TC are similar in the TD and ID groups, but patients in the two groups display significant differences regarding their clinical features.
Totalitarian Realia: Abbreviation-Based Sovietisms and the Methodology of Their Recreation in English Translations of Ukrainian Literature
Authors: Malaiko Serhii 
Published: January 2025

This paper explores the topic of totalitarian realia, represented by Sovietisms in the Soviet Union, from linguistic, ideological, and translation-oriented perspectives. Sovietisms can be categorized into two types: conventional and abbreviation-based. An analysis of three translations of Ukrainian Soviet-era literary works, which make extensive use of Sovietisms, identifies 139 examples. The primary focus of this paper is on abbreviation-based Sovietisms, which constitute 65.5% of the research corpus, encompass many unique linguistic phenomena, and are predominantly rendered through a domesticating approach (76%), despite the nation-narrating objectives of their translators. Based on this analysis, the key strategies for translating abbreviation-based Sovietisms into English are outlined. Additionally, an alternative strategy, termed combined renomination (calque), is proposed for foreignization-oriented nation-narrating translations involving abbreviation-based Sovietisms.
Distopijos naujakalbė Davido Mitchello romano „Debesų atlasas“ vertime: leksinis ir morfologinis lygmuo
Authors: Navickaitė Eglė , Kudirka Robertas 
Published: January 2025

The article examines the lexical and morphological features of newspeak in Laimantas Jonušys’s Lithuanian translation of David Mitchell’s dystopian novel Cloud Atlas. The research material is drawn from an excerpt of the chapter “Teliūskas perkėla i visa paskum” (pp. 279–308) and its corresponding part in the original text (pp. 213–236). In the translation, the features of newspeak are conveyed through lexical and semantic neologisms, occasional and potential formations, as well as typical and atypical derivational variants. Additionally, literally translated and passive lexical layer words play distinctive roles. The findings demonstrate that formation by analogy and the recognizable variability of specifying lexical and morphological elements in relation to standard language contribute to a convincing representation of the dystopia’s artistic vision, effectively rendering the original newspeak and its post-apocalyptic impression.
La interculturalidad como campo de aprendizaje de un idioma extranjero
Authors: Sánchez Parra Yuberney 
Published: January 2025

El objetivo de este trabajo es aportar una reflexión teórica sobre el proyecto “Promoción de campos de aprendizaje bilingüe a través de las Bellas Artes, las Humanidades y la Psicología” de la Universidad de Cundinamarca. Este trabajo pretende resaltar un elemento fundamental a la hora de aprender una segunda lengua y es el factor de la “interculturalidad” como horizonte reflexivo que supera los métodos preestablecidos de aprendizaje. Como conclusión, la interculturalidad no solo es un valor fundamental para aprender un idioma extranjero, sino, que además, es escenario ético del reconocimiento del Otro y su cultura.
Challenges and Coping Mechanism on The Transition from Modular Scheme to Face-To-Face Modality: Implication to Teacher’s Competency
Authors: SOLLESTRE PRINCESS , Ofrin Darwin 
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this study is to determine perceived challenges faced by MAPEH teachers during the transition from modular to face-to- face modality in terms of workload, students’ behaviour, teaching learning resources, teacher’s competency and training and supports. Also, to determine their perceived coping mechanism using the problem-focused, emotional-focused, and avoidant- focused. Additionally, to know the MAPEH teachers’ level of teaching competency in terms of content knowledge and pedagogy and learning environment. Findings revealed that the MAPEH teachers perceived challenges on limited teaching hours (3.64), students’ disruptive behaviour in sitting still, disturbing, and shouting/screaming toward others (3.78), have personal and family problems such as parent separation, financial support, and school pressure (3.82). As well as the absence of a reliable internet connection to support limited learning materials (4.00), limited textbooks, self-learning modules (3.98), and the lack of available electronic devices such as a computer, television, overhead projector, and audio speaker use for teaching learning (3.91). Moreover, respondents experience limited Trainings, seminars, and webinars for MAPEH teachers (3.71). Meanwhile, research result showed that Problem-focused (4.42) and emotional- focused (4.23) often perceived coping mechanism. Therefore, study shows that there is no significant relationship between challenges variables and Content Knowledge and Pedagogy is partially accepted. However, there is a positive significant relationship between the challenges variables and teacher’s competency is partially sustained. Moreover, there is no significant relationship between coping mechanism variables and content knowledge and pedagogy as well as the teaching environment competency.
Studying the morphological structures of starch granules in potato cells (Solanum tuberosum L.) using the method of confocal laser scanning microscopy
Authors: Kim I. V. , Volkov D. I. , Klykov A. G. 
Published: January 2025

Relevance. Potato are one of the main sources of starch. Potato starch is widely used in human economic activities. The starch content in tubers, including the number of starch granules and their size and shape, are varietal characteristics. For this reason, it is important to identify potato varieties with starch grains suitable for starch production already at the early stages of breeding process.Materials and Methods. The Aim was to study the morphological structure of starch granules in cells of potato tubers belonging to varieties from different maturity groups. Eighteen potato varieties (Solanum tuberosum L.) of various breeding origin and from different maturity groups were used as the research object. The granulometric composition was determined by the method of fluorescent microscopy. The research was conducted using a CLSM 800 confocal laser scanning microscope (Zeiss, Germany) with a laser wavelength of 488 nm.Results. The research allowed us to obtain data on the morphology of variously-shaped starch granules in cells: round, oval, elongated, and irregular. The research established a direct correlation between the number of large starch grains in a cell and the time required for a given potato genotype to mature. Mid-season and medium late potato varieties were observed to have a higher starch content than varieties from the groups with earlier maturity. On average, the difference in the starch content between these groups was 1.97%. The highest number of starch grains was found in 40-70 μm cells and larger. The research identified Solanum tuberosum L. genotypes with large and small starch granules. These genotypes might be recommended for further use in the practical breeding to create high-quality varieties.
Aplicaciones didácticas de la cianotipia en la educación artística. Un proceso compatible con el medio ambiente = Educational appliations with cyanotype in art education. A photographic process compatible with environment
Authors: Moreno Sáez María del Carmen 
Published: January 2025

ResumenEste artículo comprende una propuesta didáctica basada en una técnica fotográfica que tuvo su máximo auge en el siglo XIX, denominada Cianotipia y que en la actualidad está siendo recuperada por diversos artistas, quienes consideran que esta técnica abre nuevas vías de expresión artística. Dicha propuesta responde a la demanda de encontrar diferentes recursos en el ámbito de la educación artística, que propicien la creatividad y fomenten el respecto por la naturaleza y el reciclaje por parte de los alumnos, sumergidos en la vorágine de las nuevas tecnologías. El bajo índice de toxicidad de esta técnica, al no ser necesario revelador o fijador en su proceso, hacen de esta técnica el procedimiento perfecto para ser aplicado en diferentes contextos, especialmente en todas las etapas de la Enseñanza Secundaria Obligatoria. AbstractThis article includes a didactic proposal based on a photographic techniquethat boompeaked in the nineteenth century, called cyanotype which currently isbeing recovered by various artists, who believe that this opens up new ways of artisticexpression. This proposal responds to the demand to find many different resourcesin the field of art education that will foster creativity, respect for natureand recycling by students, immersed in the maelstrom of new technologies. The lowtoxicity of this technique, not being necessary developer or fixer in its process,makes it the most perfect procedure to be applied in different contexts, especiallyin all stages of secondary education.
Maintenance breeding and breeding for yield potential equally contribute to genetic improvement in wheat yield
Authors: Grassini Patricio , Andrade Jose , Man Jianguo , Monzon Juan Pablo , Edreira Juan Ignacio Rattalino , Yuan Shen , Lollato Romulo , Llorens Clara , Peng Shaobing , Cassman Kenneth 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Studies that quantify the contribution of genetic improvement to crop yields typically rely on comparisons of old cultivars grown side-by-side with more recent ones. This approach, however, does not allow to distinguish gains in yield potential versus maintenance breeding that aims to keep cultivars adapted to the evolving biophysical environment, including pests, diseases, and climate change. Our analysis of long-term wheat trials from Argentina, Europe, and United States revealed an overall genetic yield improvement of 97 kg ha− 1 y− 1 (1.14% per annum) based on comparison of modern cultivars against older ‘check’ cultivars. However, nearly half of the genetic improvement (46 kg ha− 1 y− 1) was attributable to maintenance breeding and the other half (51 kg ha− 1 y− 1) to the higher yield potential of modern cultivars. We conclude that comparison of new versus old cultivars under current conditions leads to an overestimation of genetic gains in yield potential.
One sentence summary: Crop yield potential gains are lower than reported.
Backward translation of circular RNAs
Authors: Yang Yufeng , Lin Zhe , Pi Xiang-You , Lv Ziwei , Liu Tian-Liang , Yin Huajun , Shi Dan-Ni , Li Muxi , Du Juan , Yang Yan-Chao , Wang Shiyu , Wang Peng , Qin Yangmei , Lin Wenbo , Tao Tao , Sun Ling , Ji Zhi-Liang 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Despite advancements in understanding protein synthesis, numerous eukaryotic proteins might have been overlooked and remain elusive. RNA translation, proceeding in the 5’ end-to-3’ end direction exclusively, has been recognized as the norm for nearly a century. Here, we report a novel translation mode called ‘backward translation’ (BT) of circular RNAs, in which the triplet codons of circular RNAs can be decoded in the 3’ to 5’ direction to synthesize polypeptides/proteins, e.g., 5’-GUA-3’ as the start codon, instead of the conventional 5’-AUG-3’. Backward translation occurs broadly and conservatively as our comprehensive analysis of available transcriptomes, proteomes and translatomes revealed over 990,000 BT polypeptides/proteins across various tissues and species, including over 90,000 human BT proteins with dual experimental evidence from ribosome profile sequencing and mass spectrometry. Intriguingly, these proteins exhibit unique sequences and structural characteristics that distinguish them from conventional proteins. We studied in-depth BT of human hs.circCAPN15 and Drosophila dm.circSCRIB in vitro and in vivo, respectively. Both knock-out/knock-in and overexpression experiments confirmed the endogenous presence of BT proteins and highlighted their biological functions through pronounced phenotypic changes. Moreover, engineered exogenous circRNAs can be successfully backward-translated into proteins in human cells using synthetic Backward Translation Initiator Sequences (BTISs) derived from humans or Drosophila. In conclusion, our findings offer an unprecedented perspective to the genetic code and RNA translation, further unveiling the hidden proteome and elucidating the molecular diversity in living organisms, and potentially opening up a new frontier for exploring protein synthesis with broad practical implications.
Proteomic and Hormonal Insights into Drought Stress Mitigation in Swietenia macrophylla: Role of Jasmonic Acid and Salicylic Acid in Enhancing Resilience
Authors: KC Karthik , P Manju Elizabeth , V Santhoshkumar A , Kamalolbhavan Binu N , MN Ashwath , Rocha Delphy , Bindyalaxmi Keisham 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Drought stress is a critical abiotic factor limiting plant growth and productivity, particularly in tropical forestry species such as Swietenia macrophylla. This study investigates the physiological, biochemical, and proteomic mechanisms underlying drought tolerance in mahogany seedlings and evaluates the efficacy of Jasmonic Acid (JA) and Salicylic Acid (SA) as mitigative treatments. Drought stress caused significant reductions in photosynthesis (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), transpiration rate (Tr), pigment contents, and relative water content (RWC), while inducing proline accumulation and altering protein expression patterns. Hormonal treatments markedly improved recovery, with JA demonstrating superior efficacy in restoring Pn, Gs, Tr, RWC, and pigment contents compared to SA. Proteomic analysis revealed drought-induced shifts in protein expression, with increased levels of defense-related proteins, such as heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) and sulfiredoxin, and reduced expression of metabolic and photosynthetic proteins, including RuBISCO and DAHP synthase. Recovery with hormonal treatments significantly enhanced the expression of photosynthetic and stress-responsive proteins, highlighting the complementary roles of JA and SA in mitigating stress. Gene Ontology (GO) and KEGG pathway analyses emphasized the importance of photosynthesis, metabolic reprogramming, and ROS scavenging as key adaptive mechanisms.These findings underscore the potential of JA and SA in enhancing drought resilience and provide valuable insights into the mechanisms underlying stress adaptation. This study establishes a foundation for utilizing hormonal treatments to improve the resilience and productivity of tropical forestry species under adverse environmental conditions.
Pyogenic Granuloma of the Vocal Cords: A Rare Benign Lesion Mimicking Malignancy
Authors: ismail nakkabi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

The pyogenic granuloma (or botryomycoma) of the vocal cords is a rare benign tumor. It is typically located in the posterior part, near the vocal process of the arytenoid cartilage. Etiologies include gastroesophageal reflux, intubation, and vocal strain. Macroscopically, laryngoscopic examination usually reveals a nodular lesion; however, it may also present as an ulceration of the vocal cord. Its appearance can therefore be misleading, resembling a malignant laryngeal lesion, with the diagnosis confirmed by histopathological examination. Histologically, a pyogenic granuloma is not a true granuloma. It is rather a reactive process, characterized by the presence of intact or ulcerated squamous epithelium overlying granulation tissue or fibrosis. Treatment primarily involves surgical excision of the lesion, under direct laryngoscopy, coupled with management of gastroesophageal reflux, which may be silent. Despite its benign nature, pyogenic granuloma has a potential for recurrence, especially if the underlying cause persists.
The study of the complexity and capacity of urban floristic diversity in arid zones, exemplified by the city of Bukhara, RUz
Authors:   Mukhamad I. Gulamov1,  Saida M. Gafarova2
Published: January 2025

Abstract

This study examines the biodiversity of the urban flora in the arid zone of Bukhara city, Republic of Uzbekistan. The research is based on our newly proposed methods—analyzing the complexity and capacity of floral biodiversity. It also incorporates established biodiversity indices: species abundance evenness (probability of species occurrence) and the Shannon index. This is the first time that the values of complexity and power indicators for real ecological systems have been calculated. The findings reveal that the biodiversity of Bukhara's urban flora is characterized by uneven species abundance, with significant dominance of certain tree species (Pinus brutia var. eldarica (Medw.) Silba; Ulmus parvifolia L.; Platycladus orientalis (L.) Franco); shrubs (Rosa chinensis Jacq.; Yucca filamentosa L.), and herbs (Hordeum bulbosum L.; Descurainia Sophia L.; Seteria viridis (L.) P.Beauv; Coreopsis lanceolata L). A high level of complexity and low capacity in the biodiversity structure of the studied urban flora indicate weak resilience, adaptability, and regenerative capacity of the flora. These observations suggest that the general principles (lack of uniformity, unified logic, harmony, purpose, and order) governing biodiversity transformation in nature are disrupted in urban ecosystems due to the imposition of subjective logic, harmony, purpose, and order.
Photostimulation of Locus Coeruleus CA1 catecholaminergic terminals reversed spatial memory impairment in an Alzheimer's disease mouse model.
Authors: Gálvez-Márquez Donovan K. , Urrego-Morales Oscar , Rodríguez-Durán Luis F. , Bermúdez-Rattoni Federico 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Rationale One of the earliest changes associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the loss of catecholaminergic terminals in the cortex and hippocampus originating from the Locus Coeruleus (LC). This decline leads to reduced catecholaminergic neurotransmitters in the hippocampus, affecting synaptic plasticity and spatial memory. However, it is unclear whether restoring catecholaminergic transmission in the terminals from the LC may alleviate the spatial memory deficits associated with AD.
Objectives This study investigates how optogenetic stimulation of catecholaminergic projections from the locus coeruleus to the hippocampal CA1 region may enhance spatial memory and alleviate synaptic plasticity deficits associated with Alzheimer's disease.
Methods We conducted experiments using a 12-month-old 3xTg-AD mouse model (AD-TH), which expresses Cre recombinase under the control of the tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) gene. This model allowed us to photostimulate the terminals from the locus coeruleus in the hippocampal CA1 region before performing two different spatial memory tasks and inducing long-term potentiation (LTP).
Results Optogenetic stimulation successfully reversed the impairment of spatial memory retrieval in aging AD-TH mice. Furthermore, this stimulation restored catecholaminergic neurotransmitter levels in the hippocampus and enhanced synaptic plasticity, as demonstrated by an LTP protocol.
Conclusions These findings indicate that the catecholaminergic circuitry from the locus coeruleus (LC) to the hippocampal CA1 region plays a crucial role in disrupting synaptic plasticity and contributing to the spatial memory deficits seen in the early stages of AD. This study highlights the potential therapeutic benefits of targeting LC catecholaminergic neurons to improve cognitive function in patients with AD.
Mortality rate in chronic fibrosing idiopathic interstitial pneumonia: the role of lung cancer
Authors: Chacón Beatriz Morales , Alcázar Lydia Abásolo , Walther José Luis Álvarez-Sala , Barbero María Asunción Nieto 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background. The coexistence of chronic fibrosing idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (cf-IIP) and lung cancer (LC) in the same patient raises many doubts regarding patient prognosis and complicates decision-making in multidisciplinary thoracic committees.
Research questions. To provide new insights into the management and prognosis of patients with cf-IIP, we assessed the sociodemographic and clinical differences between patients with and without LC to evaluate their role in their mortality. Other factors were also studied.
Methods. A longitudinal study was conducted from January 1, 2001, to December 31, 2020, in “XXX”. All patients who attended the interstitial lung disease multidisciplinary unit and had a medical diagnosis of cf-IIP were included. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality. The independent variable was the presence of LC. Covariates: sociodemographic, clinical, and therapeutic variables. The mortality rate (MR) was expressed per 1000 patient-years with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Cox multiple regression analysis examined the influence of LC and other covariates on mortality. The results are expressed as hazard ratios (HRs) with CIs.
Results. A total of 313 patients with cf-IIP were included, with a follow‑up of 1589.6 patient‑years. There were 209 (66.8%) deaths. The MR was 131.5 (114.8-150.6), and 50% of patients died at 5.58 years from cf-IIP diagnosis. After adjusting for confounders, LC was associated with a significantly increased risk of mortality (HR: 4.11; 2.50-6.77; p = 0.000), whereas antifibrotic treatment was the only factor that decreased the risk of mortality (HR: 0.60; 0.43-0.84; p = 0.003). The prevalence of LC was 15.3%. The most common histopathological type was squamous cell carcinoma (39.6%). At diagnosis, 68.7% of LC cases were in stages III-IV. The most widely used treatment was chemotherapy and its combination (43.7%).
Conclusions. Patients with cf-IIP who developed LC had a fourfold increased risk of mortality and shorter mean survival (two years versus six years) compared with those without LC. Therefore, we recommend LC screening in these patients.