bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
KEMM: A Knowledge Enhanced Multitask Model for Travel Recommendation
Authors: Anand Navnit , Choudhary K Gopal , Shukla Kartik 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In today’s fast-moving world with a wide spectrum of choices and options availableregarding the places to travel, it’s tedious to find the most optimal destination to visit keeping inmind the constraints of budget, choices, preferences, and weather. Most of the current systemseither rely on the user’s location or their travel history making the selection suboptimal and notaccustomed to the user's preferences.The focus of this research is on recommendation systems that utilize a graph-based approach. The method involves creating an interaction graph based on past user-item interactions to overcome data sparsity and cold start issues. However, this study has identified a problem in existing graph based models related to early summarization. To address this problem, a new approach to the existing Knowledge based Neighborhood Interaction (KNI) model is proposed. A knowledge Enchanced Multitask Model for Travel Recommendation (KEMM) has been proposed to capture unique characteristics of each neighbor pair between users and items. Also corpus creation for a Knowledge Graph of Indian Places to visit has also been done. The model's performance have been assessed using real-world datasets and evaluated against the current state-of-the-art models using standard metrics. The comparative analysis of this model on various datasets reveal that the model is performing better or simillar to other existing state-of-the-art models. It has been observed that there was a minor increase in the Precision@k metric and slight improvement in AUC.
Urban Teen Perspectives on Gun Violence: A Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Tam Ivy , Yeates Eniola , Silver Alyssa 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
We aimed to explore perspectives of teenagers on their exposure to gun violence (GV), their knowledge and attitudes towards firearm injury prevention (FIP) efforts, and how to counsel them about FIP. Teens from two single-sex Bronx Catholic high schools participated in videoconferencing focus groups. Participants completed an online survey collecting demographic information and Likert-scale scoring of attitudes towards GV. Quantitative data was analyzed with descriptive statistics. Focus group discussions were recorded and transcribed. Using Dedoose, two investigators independently coded data and achieved consensus using thematic analysis. We used qualitative methods for analysis. Six focus groups (3 from each school, n = 28 participants) were held from October-November 2020. 27 participants completed the survey. Eighty-one percent of respondents agreed “Doctors should talk to teens about gun safety.” During focus groups, participants reported personal, community, and entertainment media exposure to GV. GV elicited many emotions, including fear and frustration. Teens identified factors contributing to GV that should be addressed, including poverty, racism, and mental illness. Most had not received prior FIP education and desired more information from trusted adults. They preferred discussions over written materials and information given over time. Teens were open to doctors counseling on FIP during healthcare visits and suggested including screening questions on surveys, conversations during healthcare maintenance visits, and classroom talks by physicians. Bronx teens are exposed to and distressed by community GV. They desired more FIP education, including physician counseling during healthcare visits. Next steps are to create and test FIP guidance for adolescents.
How lowermost mantle viscosity controls the chemical structure of Earth’s deep interior
Authors: Chotalia Kiran , Gassmöller Rene , Dannberg Juliane 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Determining the fate of subducted oceanic crust is critical for understanding Earth’s chemical evolution, material cycling through Earth's deep interior, and sources of mantle heterogeneity. However, what happens to subducted slabs over long timescales and how their material is distributed within the mantle remains debated and poorly understood. A key control on this distribution is the bridgmanite to post-perovskite (ppv) phase transition in the lowermost mantle, thought to cause rheological weakening. Using high-resolution computational models, we show that weak ppv can facilitate or prevent the accumulation of basaltic oceanic crust at the base of the mantle, depending on the amount of weakening and the crustal thickness. Moderately weak ppv (~10–100 times weaker) increases basalt accumulation in dense piles, facilitating the segregation of crust from subducted slabs. Conversely, very weak ppv (more than 100 times weaker) promotes more vigorous plumes that entrain more crustal material, decreasing basalt accumulation. This process causes small-scale thermal instabilities leading to pulsating plumes with periodicities of a few million years, comparable to the timescale inferred from V-shaped ridges in Iceland. Our results reconcile the contradicting conclusions of previous studies and provide insights into the accumulation of subducted crust in the lowermost mantle throughout Earth’s history.
The induction of SARS-CoV-2-specific CD8+ T cell immunity uncouples with the viral spread in K18-hACE2 infected mice
Authors: Ferrantelli Flavia , Manfredi Francesco , Chiozzini Chiara , Leone Patrizia , Pugliese Katherina , Spada Massimo , Virgilio Antonio Di , Giovannelli Andrea , Valeri Mauro , Cara Andrea , Michelini Zuleika , Andreotti Mauro , Federico Maurizio 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-2 enters the host by infecting nasal ciliated cells. The virus then spreads toward the oropharyngeal cavity, and, in most severe cases, the pulmonary tissues. The antiviral adaptive response is promptly induced in response to virus detection, with virus-specific T lymphocytes appearing before antiviral antibodies. Both breadth and potency of the antiviral CD8+ T cell immunity have a key role in containing viral spread and disease severity. However, how much the spread of infecting SARS-CoV-2 into the respiratory tracts influences the potency of the antiviral CD8+ T-cell immunity is still largely unknown. To fill the gap, we checked the CD8+ T cell immunity induced after infection of K18-hACE2 transgenic mice in conditions where the virus spread is impeded. In detail, mice were infected with SARS-CoV-2 both 3 weeks and 3 months after anti-Spike vaccinations, and virus-specific CD8+ T cell immunity was monitored both before and after infection. We noticed a strong increase of the Spike-specific CD8+ T cell immunity in vaccinated mice six days after infection despite a nearly-full inhibition of the viral replication. Most important, both kinetics and efficiency of the induction of SARS-CoV-2 N-and M-specific CD8+ T cell immunity in vaccinated mice appeared not inferior to those induced in control mice. These results support the idea that the SARS-CoV-2 replication in the lungs does not relevantly influence the generation of virus-specific CD8+ T cell immunity.
Is there a difference between hip muscle strength and chronic non-specific low back pain? A cross-sectional study
Authors: Pizol Gustavo Zanotti , Franco Katherinne Ferro Moura , Miyamoto Gisela Cristiane , Cabral Cristina Maria Nunes 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Patients with chronic low back pain may present changes in hip muscles. However, there is still no evidence of the association between hip muscle weakness and chronic low back pain and whether this weakness can be assessed with functional tests. The purpose of this study was to assess whether there is hip muscle weakness in patients with non-specific chronic low back pain and whether there is an association between the positive Trendelenburg and Step-Down tests and hip muscle strength.
Methods
This cross-sectional study included 40 patients with chronic low back pain and 40 healthy participants, assessed in an outpatient clinic in Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil. Muscle strength was measured for the hip abductors, adductors, extensors, internal rotators, and external rotators using isometric manual dynamometry and functional stability was measured by the Trendelenburg and Step-Down tests. Muscle strength was compared using the t test for independent samples and the chi-square test. The association between the tests and strength was performed using a binary logistic regression analysis.
Results
Healthy participants showed a statistically significant greater muscle strength for the right hip abductors (mean difference [MD]: 28.1%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 9.4 to 46.9), right adductors (MD: 18.7%, 95% CI: 6.2 to 31.2), right internal rotators (MD: 8.7%, 95% CI: 1.5 to 15.8), right extensors (MD: 21.1%, 95% CI: 6.2 to 31.2), left abductors (MD: 30.4%, 95% CI: 11.9 to 49), left adductors (MD: 18.4%, 95% CI: 3.7 to 33.2), and left extensors (MD: 21.6%, 95% CI: 6.6 to 36.5). There was no difference between groups for the positive functional tests, and there was no association between the tests and hip muscle strength.
Conclusion
Patients with chronic low back pain have hip abductors, adductors, and extensors weakness. Furthermore, the functional tests should not be associated to hip muscle strength in patients with chronic low back pain.
Access to health services by ethnic minorities in the Kumasi metropolis, Ghana: Does insurance cardholding matter?
Authors: Buor Daniel , Boakye Peter Ansah , Agyemang Seth 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background:
Ethnic minorities find difficulty in accessing healthcare and other services due to their vulnerable socio-economic conditions. The study explores the effectiveness of access to healthcare by insurance cardholding ethnic minorities in the Kumasi Metropolis, Ghana.
Methods
It was a qualitative study that used convenience and snowballing approaches in data collection. The study objects were ethnic minorities. Both primary and secondary data were used to explore access to health services in the Kumasi Metropolis of Ghana with data collected within a six-week time frame. The outcome variable was access to and use of health services and the key independent variable was insurance cardholding. The Andersen access and utilisation framework and WHO (2018) quality standards guidelines guided the study. Data were collected using unstructured focus group and interview guides from the community participants, both male and female, who were not below age 18, the legal age of adulthood. Appropriate variables were exhausted until theoretical saturation was reached. Data were analysed manually by coding and categorising the responses to derive the themes.
Results
It was observed that ethnic minority cardholders who bear insurance cards have better access to health services than none cardholders. The constraints to their effective use are inadequate and sometimes lack of medicine supply by the health facilities, low coverage of services given the low premiums they pay, poor communication by medical staff, stigmatisation and poor attitude of medical staff, among others. The conceptual framework has largely been justified.
Conclusions
Ethnic minorities generally face problems in accessing healthcare. Efforts must be made to facilitate their accessing national health insurance facility to improve their access. Besides, medical staff must improve their relationship with patients whilst services covered by low premium cardholders should improve.
Treatment for Displaced Medial-End Clavicle Fractures with hook plate: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Xu Hua , Gong XiaoKang , Gong ShaoHua , Chen ShiChang 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Objective:To retrospectively evaluate the radiological and clinical efficiency of internal fixation using CanSHS-hook plate for treatment of unstable displaced medial-end clavicle fractures.Methods:From July 2014 to August 2019, 11 patients who underwent open reduction and internal CanSHS-hook plate fixation for medial-end clavicle fractures were included in the present study. There were 9 male and 2 female patients, with the average age of 35.5±11.3 years (aging from 22 to 58 years old). All the patients received routine x-rays and computed tomogra­phy examinations to evaluate the fractures before CanSHS-hook plate fixation. During the operation, a standard anterior approach across the sternoclavicular joint to the clavicle was made. After the reduction, the fracture was ﬁxed by CanSHS-hook plate provided by Canwell Corporation under a series of operation procedures. Postoperative follow-up including physical examination and x-ray evaluation was performed in order to evaluate both the radiological and clinical efficiency of the treatment. Exercises were introduced to patients after initial postoperative immobilization. Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) questionnaires were used to evaluate the shoulder function postoperatively. Complications of any patients were noted to evaluate the disadvantages of the hook plate.Results:All patients were followed up, with the average follow up period of 14.0±3.3 months (8-20 months). All the 11 cases were unilateral injuries. None of them were pathological fractures or open fractures. No intraoperative complications occurred during the operation. The mean DASH scores were 36.9±17.8, 11.7±5.4, and 7.6±5.0 at 1 month, 3 months postoperatively and the final follow up. There were no neurovascular injuries, mal-union or internal ﬁxation failures. No wound hematoma or infection was obtained during follow up. All the fractures got bony union at the final follow up. The average time of bone union was 13.2±2.7 weeks (10-20 weeks). Postoperative complications included 2 patients complained of implant related discomfort during shoulder motion which disappeared after implant removal, and one delayed union which was healed after electromagnetic stimulation and oral administration of traditional Chinese Medicine. All patients were satisfied with their treatment outcome at the final follow-up.Conclusions:Although the procedures of planting the CanSHS-hook plate were more complicated than other implants, the ﬁxation of hook plate seemed to be an eﬀective and relatively safe method for patients with medial end clavicle fractures. We recommend this CanSHS-hook plate for tiny and/or comminuted medial end segments because its unique design.
Assessing the utility of artificial intelligence throughout the triage outpatients
Authors: Liu Xiaoni , Lai Rui , Yan Changjian , Jing Hongmei , Zhang Weilong 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
At present, many patients still need outpatient triage help. ChatGPT is increasingly used in medicine. Here, we assess the utility of ChatGPT in outpatient triage. We found that ChatGPT's answer is very professional, comprehensive, and humanistic, and can be applied to outpatient triage to provide better medical care for patients.
Comprehensive evidence of lasing from a 2D material enabled by a dual-resonance metasurface
Authors: Barth Isabel , Deckart Manuel , Conteduca Donato , Arruda Guilherme , Hayran Zeki , Pasko Sergej , Krotkus Simonas , Heuken Michael , Monticone Francesco , Krauss Thomas , Martins Emiliano , Wang Yue 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have gained significant attention as a gain medium for nanolasers, owing to their unique ability to be easily placed and stacked on virtually any substrate. However, the atomically thin nature of the active material in existing TMD nanolasers presents a challenge, as their limited output power makes it difficult to distinguish between true laser operation and other "laser-like" phenomena. Here, we present comprehensive evidence of lasing from a CVD-grown tungsten disulphide (WS2) monolayer. The monolayer is placed on a dual-resonance dielectric metasurface with a rectangular lattice designed to enhance both absorption and emission; resulting in an ultralow threshold operation (threshold <1 W/cm2). We provide a thorough study of the laser performance at room temperature, paying special attention to directionality, output power, and spatial coherence. Notably, our lasers demonstrated a coherence length of over 30 μm, which is several times greater than what has been reported for 2D material lasers so far. Our realisation of a single-mode laser from a wafer-scale CVD-grown monolayer presents exciting opportunities for integration and the development of novel applications.
Imprecise Diagnosis of Diabetes Type in Youth: Prevalence, Characteristics, and Implications
Authors: Tosur Mustafa , Huang Xiaofan , Inglis Audrey S , Aguirre Rebecca Schneider , Redondo Maria J 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Classifying diabetes at diagnosis is crucial for disease management but increasingly difficult due to overlaps in characteristics between the commonly encountered diabetes types. We evaluated the prevalence and characteristics of youth with diabetes type that was unknown at diagnosis or was revised over time. We studied 2073 youth with new-onset diabetes (median age [IQR]=11.4 [6.2] years; 50% male; 75% White, 21% Black, 4% other race; overall, 37% Hispanic) and compared youth with unknown versus known diabetes type, per pediatric endocrinologist diagnosis. In a longitudinal subcohort of patients with data for ≥3 years post-diabetes diagnosis (n=1019), we compared youth with unchanged versus changed diabetes classification. In the entire cohort, after adjustment for confounders, diabetes type was unknown in 62 youth (3%), associated with older age, negative IA-2 autoantibody, lower C-peptide, and no diabetic ketoacidosis (all, p<0.05). In the longitudinal subcohort, diabetes classification changed in 35 youth (3.4%); this was not statistically associated with any single characteristic. Having unknown or revised diabetes type was associated with less continuous glucose monitor use on follow-up (both, p<0.004). In sum, among racially/ethnically diverse youth with diabetes, 6.5% had imprecise diabetes classification at diagnosis. Further research is warranted to improve accurate diagnosis of pediatric diabetes type.
Load Frequency Regulation of Interconnected Muli-source Multi-area Power System with Penetration of Electric Vehicles Aggregator
Authors: Jameel Ahlam , Gulzar Muhammad Majid 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The recent widespread installation of renewable energy sources in place of fossil fuel, along with the substitution of electric vehicles (EVs), has raised a several difficulties. Due to their nature and reliance on the environment, RESs represent continuously variable power generators. The control architecture of connected power systems also focuses on minimizing the frequency deviations and tie-line power fluctuations. In this scenario, a cascaded PI-PD controller based on Chaotic butterfly optimization (CBOA) is proposed for load frequency control of power systems with the addition of Electric Vehicles (EV). The proposed algorithm is first evaluated by using four performance analysis features, and its superiority is demonstrated by comparing it against recent optimization algorithms tune controllers such as Artificial Rabbits algorithm (ARA): 1 + PD, Chaos Game algorithm (CGA): 1 + PI, Dragonfly Search algorithm (DSA): FOPID, and Firefly algorithm (FA): PID. The acquired results affirm towards the operational excellence of the recommended controller and optimization technique in terms of mitigating the impact of frequency and tie-line power variations. Moreover, it exhibits robustness, enhanced stability of the system throughout a broad range of parameters.
Green Farming in India: Issues and Policy Perspective
Authors: chahal deepika , Rani Anju 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The organic farming system has been used in India since ancient times and is largely focused on achieving sustainable agricultural output in a clean, unpolluted environment. Organic production methods employ natural resources to harness desired agricultural production for human consumption, keeping the ecosystem and ecology alive and in good health. The environmental focus of organic production is on using naturally occurring resources as inputs, such as organic wastes; crop, animal, and farm wastes, aquatic wastes, other biological materials, and advantageous microbes; biofertilizers/biocontrol agents to release nutrients to crops and protect them from insect pests and diseases for increased agricultural production. In 187 nations, organic farming is practiced, and at least 3.1 million farmers used organic practices to manage 72.3 million hectares of agricultural land. Even though India is home to 44% of the world’s certified organic farmers, the country’s overall certified organic cultivation area, at 2.3 million hectares represents just 3% of the world’s total area of 72.3 million hectares under organic agriculture. Against this backdrop, the objective of the present study is to evaluate the current scenario of organic farming in India. To accomplish this, the study will investigate the causality between organic production, the area cultivated under organic production, the number of organic producers, and biofertilizer production by using Granger causality, the augmented Dickey-Fuller test used to find out the stationarity of data. After finding out the causal relationship between variables, the ARDL model was used to measure the short-term relationship between variables. The ARDL long run form and bound test was used to analyse the long-term relationships. Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority, Annual reports of the Ministry of Agriculture, International Federation of Organic Farming Movements, International Trade Centre, National Programme of Organic Production, and Organic Industry Market Report are indeed the sources of secondary data used in the study.
Evaluation of dual-band near-infrared spectroscopy and chemometrics analysis for rapid quantification of multi-quality parameters of soy sauce stewed meat
Authors: Jiang Hongzhe , Zhou Yu , Zhang Cong , Yuan Weidong , Zhou Hongping 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) systems operated in dual-band were evaluated for non-destructive measurement of fat, protein, collagen, ash, and Na contents in soy sauce stewed meat (SSSM). Spectra in wavebands of 650-950 nm and 960-1660 nm were acquired from different samples with various brands, respectively. Partial least squares regression (PLSR) was employed to develop models on predicting the five quality parameters. Results showed the best predictions were for fat (Rp=0.808; RMSEP=2.013 g/kg; RPD=1.666; RER=6.186) and protein (Rp=0.863; RMSEP=3.372 g/kg; RPD=1.863; RER=6.362) contents, hardly sufficient performances were for collagen (Rp=0.524; RMSEP=1.970 g/kg; RPD=0.936; RER=4.807), ash (Rp=0.384; RMSEP=0.524 g/kg; RPD=0.953; RER=3.406), and Na (Rp=0.242; RMSEP=2.097 g/kg; RPD=1.042; RER=4.540) contents in SSSM. Quality contents predicted by spectra of 960-1660 nm were generally better than the 650-950 nm, which was retained in further prediction of fat and protein. To simplify the models and make them practical, regression models were established using a few wavelengths selected by random frog (RF) or regression coefficients (RC) method. Consequently, ten wavelengths (1048, 1051, 1184, 1191, 1222, 1225, 1228, 1450, 1456, 1510 nm) selected by RF and eight wavelengths (1019, 1097, 1160, 1194, 1245, 1413, 1441, 1489 nm) selected by RC were individually chosen for fat and protein contents to build multi-spectral PLSR models. New models led to the best predictive ability of Rp, RMSEP, RPD, and RER of 0.812 and 0.855, 1.930 g/kg and 3.367 g/kg, 1.737 and 1.866, and 6.451 and 6.372, respectively. These two simplified models both yielded comparable performances to their full spectra models, demonstrating the effectiveness of these selected variables. The overall results indicate that NIRS in spectral range of 960-1660 nm is a potential tool in rapid estimation of fat and protein contents in SSSM, while not that good prediction statistics for collagen, ash, and Na contents.