bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anchoring Polydopamine on ZnCo2O4 Nanowire To Facilitate Urea Water Electrolysis
Authors: Bhanuse Gita B. , Kumar Sanath , Fu Yen‐Pei 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTo overcome the sluggishness of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), the urea oxidation reaction was developed. In the case of OER application studies ZnCo2O4 is an excellent electrocatalyst, towards the UOR has been performed with surface‐grown polydopamine (PDA) with surface‐grown polydopamine (PDA). ZnCo2O4@PDA is produced over the surface of nickel foam by a hydrothermal method followed by self‐polymerization of dopamine hydrochloride. Dopamine hydrochloride was varied in solution to study the optimal growth of PDA necessary to enhance the electrochemical activity. Prepared ZnCo2O4@PDA was characterized by X‐ray diffraction, electronic structural, and morphology/microstructure studies. With successful confirmation, the developed electrode material was applied to UOR and ZnCo2O4@PDA‐1.5, delivering an excellent low overpotential of 80 mV at 20 mA cm−2 in the electrolyte mixture of 1 M potassium hydroxide+0.33 M urea. To support the excellent UOR activity, other electrochemical properties such as the Tafel slope, electrochemical surface active sites, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were also studied. Furthermore, a schematic illustration explaining the UOR mechanism is shown to allow a clear understanding of the obtained electrochemical activity. Finally, urea water electrolysis was carried out in a two‐electrode symmetrical cell and compared with water electrolysis. This clearly showed the potential of the developed material for efficient electrochemical hydrogen production.
Stereo‐Controlled Synthesis of Vicinal Tertiary Carbinols: Application in the Synthesis of a Diol Substructure of Zaragozic Acid, Pactamycin and Ryanodol
Authors: Kim Byungjoo , Puthukanoori Ravi Kumar , Martha Bhikshapathi , Reddy Muthyala Nagarjuna , Thota Srinivas , Thummala Venkatesham , Rao Paraselli Bheema , Chen David Y.‐K. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA novel and flexible approach for the stereo‐controlled synthesis of vicinal tertiary carbinols is reported. The developed strategy featured a highly diastereoselective singlet‐oxygen (O21) [4+2] cycloaddition of rationally designed cyclohexadienones (derived from oxidative dearomatization of the corresponding carboxylic‐acid appended phenol precursors), followed by programmed “O−O” and “C−C” bond cleavage. In doing so, a highly functionalized and versatile intermediate was identified and prepared in synthetically useful quantity as a plausible precursor to access a variety of designed and naturally occurring vicinal tertiary carbinol containing compounds. Most notably, the developed strategy was successfully applied in the stereo‐controlled synthesis of advanced core structures of zaragozic acid, pactamycin and ryanodol.
Synthesis of Skipped Aminodienes by a Ni‐Catalyzed Ring‐Opening/Cross‐Coupling Reaction of Vinylaziridines with Multifunctional Organoboronic Acids†
Authors: Zhang Lu , Du Qingfeng , Luo Yicong , Wang Yuanlin , Gao Feng , Ye Yong , Zhang Wanbin 
Published: July 2023

Comprehensive SummarySkipped dienes are of great importance but remain challenging to synthesize because of the presence of a sp3 hybrid carbon between the two alkenes. Herein, we have developed the first nickel‐catalyzed regio‐, (E)‐stereo‐ and linear‐selective ring‐opening/cross‐coupling reaction of vinylaziridines with organoboronic acids under mild conditions to construct various skipped aminodienes. The reaction exhibits wide functional‐group compatibility, and could be adapted for the introduction of skipped aminodiene functionality into bioactive molecules. In addition, the reaction could be carried out on a gram‐scale, delivering the ring‐opening products in high yields and with linear‐selectivity (90% yield, l : b >20 : 1). Furthermore, DFT calculations and mechanistic experiments provided detailed insights into the mechanism.
Analysis of Multivariate Survival Data under Semiparametric Copula Models
Authors: He Wenqing , Yi Grace Y. , Yuan Ao 
Published: July 2023

AbstractModelling multivariate survival data is complicated by the complex association structure among the responses. To balance model flexibility and interpretability, we propose a semiparametric copula model to modulate multivariate survival data, with the marginal distributions of the response components described by semiparametric linear transformation models. To conduct inference about the model parameters, we develop a two‐stage maximum likelihood method and a three‐stage pseudo‐likelihood estimation procedure. We investigate the impact of model misspecification on the estimation of covariate effects and identify a scenario in which consistent estimation of the marginal parameters is retained even when the copula model is misspecified. The proposed methods are justified both theoretically and empirically. An application to a real dataset is provided to demonstrate the utility of the proposed method.
Rerandomization and optimal matching
Authors: Kalbfleisch John D. , Xu Zhenzhen 
Published: July 2023

AbstractOn average, randomization achieves balance in covariate distributions between treatment groups; yet in practice, chance imbalance exists post randomization, which increases the error in estimating treatment effects. This is an important issue, especially in cluster randomized trials, where the experimental units (the clusters) are highly heterogeneous and relatively few in number. To address this, several restricted randomization designs have been proposed to balance on a few covariates of particular interest. More recently, approaches involving rerandomization have been proposed that aim to achieve simultaneous balance on several important prognostic factors. In this article, we comment on some properties of rerandomized designs and propose a new design for comparing two or more treatments. This design combines optimal nonbipartite matching of the subjects together with rerandomization, both aimed at minimizing a measure of distance between elements in blocks to achieve reductions in the mean squared error of estimated treatment effects. Compared with the existing alternatives, the proposed design can substantially reduce the mean squared error of the estimated treatment effect. This enhanced efficiency is evaluated both theoretically and empirically, and robustness properties are also noted. The design is generalized to three or more treatment arms.
Fine‐tuning of frontline tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy in chronic‐phase chronic myeloid leukemia: The choice of the right TKI for the right patient
Authors: Nuhoğlu Kantarcı Eda , Tolgay Ece , Eşkazan Ahmet Emre 
Published: July 2023

In an era when tyrosine kinase inhibitors are gaining acceptance in the treatment scene of chronic‐phase chronic myeloid leukemia, this editorial focuses on the search for the optimal patient‐based frontline treatment option while evaluating a recent study by Tiribelli and colleagues, which is published in this issue of Cancer.
Improvements to the CIELUV color space
Authors: Wang Ling , Li Changjun , Xu Yang , Melgosa Manuel , Xiao Kaida , Gao Cheng 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThree new approximately uniform color spaces named MLUV, MLUV1, and MLUV2 were developed by modifying CIELUV lightness, chromaticity coordinates, and color coordinates, respectively. Performance tests using the combined and four individual datasets employed at CIEDE2000 development showed that MLUV, MLUV1 and MLUV2 were significantly better than CIELUV. Using values of Standardized Residual Sum of Squares (CIE 217:2016) for predictions of the four individual datasets the ranking (from best to worst) was MLUV, MLUV2 and MLUV1, but for predictions of two ellipses datasets the ranking (from best to worst) was MLUV2, MLUV, and MLUV1. Overall, the MLUV2 space was found to be the best. Hence, it is expected that MLUV2 could be used for color specification and color difference evaluations, especially in industrial applications that depend on additive light mixing, such as color TV sets, video monitors, and lighting.
Nonlinear inviscid damping and shear‐buoyancy instability in the two‐dimensional Boussinesq equations
Authors: Bedrossian Jacob , Bianchini Roberta , Zelati Michele Coti , Dolce Michele 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe investigate the long‐time properties of the two‐dimensional inviscid Boussinesq equations near a stably stratified Couette flow, for an initial Gevrey perturbation of size ε. Under the classical Miles‐Howard stability condition on the Richardson number, we prove that the system experiences a shear‐buoyancy instability: the density variation and velocity undergo an inviscid damping while the vorticity and density gradient grow as . The result holds at least until the natural, nonlinear timescale . Notice that the density behaves very differently from a passive scalar, as can be seen from the inviscid damping and slower gradient growth. The proof relies on several ingredients: (A) a suitable symmetrization that makes the linear terms amenable to energy methods and takes into account the classical Miles‐Howard spectral stability condition; (B) a variation of the Fourier time‐dependent energy method introduced for the inviscid, homogeneous Couette flow problem developed on a toy model adapted to the Boussinesq equations, that is, tracking the potential nonlinear echo chains in the symmetrized variables despite the vorticity growth.
Type 1 diabetes could begin with alterations in innate anti‐viral immunity, which are already at this stage associated with HLA risk haplotypes
Authors: Buschard Karsten , Jensen Mathias Høj , Krogvold Lars , Gerling Ivan C. , Dahl‐Jørgensen Knut , Pedersen Kristina , Haupt‐Jorgensen Martin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimsTo investigate if HLA risk haplotypes and HbA1c levels are associated with the expression levels of innate anti‐viral immune pathway genes in type 1 diabetes.Materials and MethodsWe investigated RNA expression levels of innate anti‐viral immune pathway genes in laser‐dissected islets from two to five tissue sections per donor from the Diabetes Virus Detection study and the network of Pancreatic Organ Donors in relation to HLA risk haplotypes (non‐predisposed and predisposed) and HbA1c levels (normal, elevated, and high).ResultsThe expression of innate anti‐viral immune genes (TLR7, OAS1, OAS3 etc.) was significantly increased in individuals with predisposing vs non‐predisposing HLA haplotypes. Also, the expression of several of the innate anti‐viral immune genes from the HLA risk haplotype analysis was significantly increased in the group with high vs normal HbA1c. Furthermore, the gene expression of OAS2 was significantly increased in the group with high HbA1c vs elevated HbA1c.ConclusionsExpression of innate anti‐viral immune pathway genes was increased in individuals with predisposing HLA risk haplotypes and those with high HbA1c. This indicates that type 1 diabetes might well begin with alterations in innate anti‐viral immunity, and already at this stage be associated with HLA risk haplotypes.
Invasive wild deer exhibit environmental niche shifts in Australia: Where to from here?
Authors: Kelly Catherine L. , Gordon Iain J. , Schwarzkopf Lin , Pintor Anna , Pople Anthony , Hirsch Ben T. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractInvasive species have established populations around the world and, in the process, characteristics of their realized environmental niches have changed. Because of their popularity as a source of game, deer have been introduced to, and become invasive in, many different environments around the world. As such, deer should provide a good model system in which to test environmental niche shifts. Using the current distributions of the six deer species present in Australia, we quantified shifts in their environmental niches that occurred since introduction; we determined the differences in suitable habitat between their international (native and invaded) and their Australian ranges. Given knowledge of their Australian habitat use, we then modeled the present distribution of deer in Australia to assess habitat suitability, in an attempt to predict future deer distributions. We show that the Australian niches of hog (Axis porcinus), fallow (Dama dama), red (Cervus elaphus), rusa (C. timorensis), and sambar deer (C. unicolor), but not chital deer (A. axis), were different to their international ranges. When we quantified the potential range of these six species in Australia, chital, hog, and rusa deer had the largest areas of suitable habitat outside their presently occupied habitat. The other three species had already expanded outside the ranges that we predicted as suitable. Here, we demonstrate that deer have undergone significant environmental niche shifts following introduction into Australia, and these shifts are important for predicting the future spread of these invasive species. It is important to note that current Australian and international environmental niches did not necessarily predict range expansions, thus wildlife managers should treat these analyses as conservative estimates.
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction in haemodialysis patients: prevalence, diagnosis, risk factors, prognosis
Authors: Yu Xixi , Zhang Di , Chen Jing , Zhang Han , Shen Ziyan , Lv Shiqi , Wang Yulin , Huang Xinhui , Zhang Xiaoyan , Zhang Chun 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimsHeart failure (HF) is a common complication and the leading cause of mortality in maintenance haemodialysis (MHD) patients. Few studies have investigated heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), which is known to affect a majority of patients. The objective of this study is to explore the prevalence, clinical profiles, diagnosis, risk factors and prognosis of MHD patients with HFpEF.Methods and resultsFour hundred thirty‐nine patients haemodialyzsed for over 3 months were enrolled in the study and evaluated for HF according to the European Society of Cardiology guidelines. Clinical and laboratory parameters were recorded at baseline. The median follow‐up of the study was 22.5 months. A total of 111 (25.3%) MHD patients were diagnosed with HF, while 94 (84.7%) of the HF patients were classified into HFpEF. The cut‐off value of N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP) was 4922.5 pg/mL for predicting HFpEF (sensitivity 0.840, specificity 0.723, AUC 0.866) in MHD patients. Age, diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease and serum phosphorus were independent risk factors for the incidence of HFpEF in MHD patients while normal urine volume, haemoglobin, serum iron and serum sodium were protective factors. MHD patients with HFpEF had a higher risk of all‐cause mortality than those without HF (hazard ratio 2.47, 95% confidence interval 1.55–3.91, P < 0.0001).ConclusionsThe majority of MHD patients with HF were categorized into HFpEF, with a poor long‐term survival rate. NT‐proBNP beyond 4922.5 pg/mL performed well in the prediction of HFpEF in MHD patients.
Postsurgical outcomes in a cohort of patients with hippocampal sclerosis: Initial experience in a referral epilepsy center in Peru
Authors: De La Cruz Ramirez Walter F. , Chacón Zuñiga Denisse E. , Sánchez‐Boluarte Sofía S. , Vásquez Perez Carlos M. , Nuñez Del Prado Murillo Liza N. , Delgado Rios José C. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMesial temporal lobe epilepsy, one of the most common forms of epilepsy, is often linked with drug resistance. Surgical intervention is a reliable and safe treatment option, though research into postsurgical outcomes in our locality remains limited. We performed a retrospective observational study included 91 patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy and hippocampal sclerosis who had undergone anterior temporal lobectomy between 2012 and 2020 at a surgical epilepsy center located in Lima, Peru. Postoperative outcomes were analyzed using bivariate and multivariate analysis based on the Engel classification. We found that after 12 months of follow‐up, 78.65% of the 91 patients achieved an Engel IA classification, while 9.09% attained Engel IB classification and 11.24% were designated as Engel II, with only 1.12% classified as Engel IVA. The median QOLIE31 score was 84 (IQR: 75–90), with 74.16% of the participants successfully reintegrating into academic or employment activities. After 24 months, only 68 patients completed the follow‐up, with 69.12% achieving an Engel IA classification. Individuals with a secondary education or higher were more likely to achieve an Engel IA classification at 12 months (OR: 5.11; P = 0.005; CI: 1.63–16.01), after adjusting for sex and age. We concluded that most patients exhibited favorable outcomes after 1 year of follow‐up. However, lower educational attainment was linked to worse postsurgical outcomes.
De novo 2′‐fucosyllactose bioproduction through modular engineering of a novel Escherichia coli K12‐derived strain
Authors: Ma Chunyu , Zhang Chunyue , Fan Liqiang , Deng Chen , Zhao Liming 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe most abundant human milk oligosaccharide 2′‐fucosyllactose (2′‐FL) is a valuable component that has gained significant attention from the food industry. To biosynthesize 2′‐FL, various Escherichia coli K12 derivatives have been genetically modified. To further enhance the application performance of E. coli K12, a novel E. coli K12 derivative BL27 was used as a chassis cell in this study, and modular pathway enhancement was performed to achieve de novo synthesis of 2′‐FL. The futC gene encoding α‐1,2‐fucosyltransferase was introduced, and the wcaJ gene was knocked out to prevent the conversion of GDP‐
l‐fucose to colanic acid. Next, the effects of overexpressing transcriptional regulators rcsA and rcsB and knocking out transcriptional regulators mcbR and waaF were evaluated to optimize the colanic acid pathway. The expression level, solubility, and activity of FutC were improved through genomic integration, TrxA‐tag fusion, and double mutation in F40S/Q237S. Fermentation conditions were optimized to achieve maximum 2′‐FL titers of 3.86 and 23.56 g/L in shake‐flask and fed‐batch cultivation, respectively. Over 85% of the products were successfully excreted into extracellular and almost no byproduct 2′,3‐difucosyllactose was generated. This study has explored a new microbial platform and modification strategies for the synthesis of 2′‐FL and provides opportunities for its commercial production.
Long-Term Standardized Sampling as a Tool for Evaluating Management Actions: BACI Analysis to Reevaluate Predatory Control of Stunted Crappie with Saugeye
Authors: Shoup Daniel E , Carl Dray D 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Field evaluations of management manipulations are rarely conducted, in part because they are difficult to design and require large sampling effort. However, many commonly used management approaches have &lt;50% success rate, indicating the need for more research. Herein, we provide a case study illustrating how historic standard sampling data from Oklahoma were used to design robust before–after control–impact study designs to evaluate the effectiveness of stocking saugeye Sander vitreus × S. canadensis as a predatory control for stunted White Crappie Pomoxis annularis populations. Comparing six manipulated lakes with six reference lakes (no saugeye stockings), we found that proportional size distribution, proportional size distribution of preferred-size fish, and mean length at ages 1 and 2 of White Crappie all improved after stockings, but still fell short of statewide median values. Further, similar improvements in these metrics also occurred in reference lakes, suggesting they were likely caused by regional patterns (flood/drought or temperature effects) rather than management intervention. Thus, we conclude saugeye stockings are not likely to routinely improve stunted White Crappie fisheries. We encourage managers who have historic data to use these data to robustly evaluate management interventions (as illustrated in this study), because our field needs additional information regarding when management interventions will be most effective, versus when they may not have the desired outcome. These historic data sets have considerable utility in providing this type of information. Our case study illustrates the importance of replication and reference lakes to avoid erroneous conclusions in such evaluations.
Astrocytic K+ clearance during disease progression in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Stevenson Rebecca , Samokhina Evgeniia , Mangat Armaan , Rossetti Ilaria , Purushotham Sushmitha S. , Malladi Chandra S. , Morley John W. , Buskila Yossi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disorder in which patients lose motor functions due to progressive loss of motor neurons in the cortex, brainstem, and spinal cord. Whilst the loss of neurons is central to the disease, it is becoming clear that glia, specifically astrocytes, contribute to the onset and progression of neurodegeneration. Astrocytes play an important role in maintaining ion homeostasis in the extracellular milieu and regulate multiple brain functions by altering their extracellular concentrations. In this study, we have investigated the ability of astrocytes to maintain K+ homeostasis in the brain via direct measurement of the astrocytic K+ clearance rate in the motor and somatosensory cortices of an ALS mouse model (SOD1G93A). Using electrophysiological recordings from acute brain slices, we show region‐specific alterations in the K+ clearance rate, which was significantly reduced in the primary motor cortex but not the somatosensory cortex. This decrease was accompanied by significant changes in astrocytic morphology, impaired conductivity via Kir4.1 channels and low coupling ratio in astrocytic networks in the motor cortex, which affected their ability to form the K+ gradient needed to disperse K+ through the astrocytic syncytium. These findings indicate that the supportive function astrocytes typically provide to motoneurons is diminished during disease progression and provides a potential explanation for the increased vulnerability of motoneurons in ALS.