bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characteristics and predictors of Long COVID among diagnosed cases of COVID-19
Authors: Arjun M. C. , Singh Arvind Kumar , Pal Debkumar , Das Kajal , G. Alekhya , Venkateshan Mahalingam , Mishra Baijayantimala , Patro Binod Kumar , Mohapatra Prasanta Raghab , Subba Sonu Hangma 
Published: December 2022

Background
Long COVID or long-term symptoms after COVID-19 has the ability to affect health and quality of life. Knowledge about the burden and predictors could aid in their prevention and management. Most of the studies are from high-income countries and focus on severe acute COVID-19 cases. We did this study to estimate the incidence and identify the characteristics and predictors of Long COVID among our patients.

Methodology
We recruited adult (≥18 years) patients who were diagnosed as Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RTPCR) confirmed SARS-COV-2 infection and were either hospitalized or tested on outpatient basis. Eligible participants were followed up telephonically after four weeks and six months of diagnosis of SARS-COV-2 infection to collect data on sociodemographic, clinical history, vaccination history, Cycle threshold (Ct) values during diagnosis and other variables. Characteristics of Long COVID were elicited, and multivariable logistic regression was done to find the predictors of Long COVID.

Results
We have analyzed 487 and 371 individual data with a median follow-up of 44 days (Inter quartile range (IQR): 39,47) and 223 days (IQR:195,251), respectively. Overall, Long COVID was reported by 29.2% (95% Confidence interval (CI): 25.3%,33.4%) and 9.4% (95% CI: 6.7%,12.9%) of participants at four weeks and six months of follow-up, respectively. Incidence of Long COVID among patients with mild/moderate disease (n = 415) was 23.4% (95% CI: 19.5%,27.7%) as compared to 62.5% (95% CI: 50.7%,73%) in severe/critical cases(n = 72) at four weeks of follow-up. At six months, the incidence among mild/moderate (n = 319) was 7.2% (95% CI:4.6%,10.6%) as compared to 23.1% (95% CI:12.5%,36.8%) in severe/critical (n = 52). The most common Long COVID symptom was fatigue. Statistically significant predictors of Long COVID at four weeks of follow-up were—Pre-existing medical conditions (Adjusted Odds ratio (aOR) = 2.00, 95% CI: 1.16,3.44), having a higher number of symptoms during acute phase of COVID-19 disease (aOR = 11.24, 95% CI: 4.00,31.51), two doses of COVID-19 vaccination (aOR = 2.32, 95% CI: 1.17,4.58), the severity of illness (aOR = 5.71, 95% CI: 3.00,10.89) and being admitted to hospital (Odds ratio (OR) = 3.89, 95% CI: 2.49,6.08).

Conclusion
A considerable proportion of COVID-19 cases reported Long COVID symptoms. More research is needed in Long COVID to objectively assess the symptoms and find the biological and radiological markers.
Acute pre-exercise hydrogen rich water intake does not improve running performance at maximal aerobic speed in trained track and field runners: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study
Authors: Valenta Michal , Botek Michal , Krejčí Jakub , McKune Andrew , Sládečková Barbora , Neuls Filip , Bajgar Robert , Klimešová Iva 
Published: December 2022

PurposeThis study investigated the effects of acute, pre-exercise, hydrogen rich water (HRW) ingestion on running time to exhaustion at maximal aerobic speed in trained track and field runners.MethodsTwenty-four, male runners aged 17.5 ± 1.8 years, with body mass index = 21.0 ± 1.3 kg⋅m-2, and maximal oxygen uptake = 55.0 ± 4.6 ml⋅kg-1⋅min-1(mean ± standard deviation) participated in this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study. All runners ingested 1260 ml of HRW which was divided into four doses and taken at 120 min (420 ml), 60 min (420 ml), 30 min (210 ml), and 10 min (210 ml) prior to exercise. The running protocol consisted of three phases: warm-up performed at 10 km⋅h-1for 3 min, followed by a transition phase performed at an individually determined speed (10 km⋅h-1+ maximal aerobic speed)/2 for 1 min, and finally the third phase performed at individual maximal aerobic speed until exhaustion. Time to exhaustion, cardiorespiratory variables, and post-exercise blood lactate concentration were measured.ResultsWhen running to exhaustion at maximal aerobic speed, compared with placebo, HRW had no significant effects on the following variables: time to exhaustion (217 ± 49 and 227 ± 53 s,p= 0.20), post-exercise blood lactate concentration (9.9 ± 2.2 and 10.1 ± 2.0 mmol⋅L-1,p= 0.42), maximal heart rate (186 ± 9 and 186 ± 9 beats⋅min-1,p= 0.80), and oxygen uptake (53.1 ± 4.5 and 52.2 ± 4.7 ml⋅kg-1⋅min-1,p= 0.33). No variable assessed as a candidate moderator was significantly correlated with time to exhaustion (Spearman’s correlation coefficients ranged from −0.28 to 0.30, allp≥ 0.16).ConclusionsPre-exercise administration of 1260 ml of HRW showed no ergogenic effect on running performance to exhaustion at maximal aerobic speed in trained track and field runners.
Monocyte distribution width (MDW) as a useful indicator for early screening of sepsis and discriminating false positive blood cultures
Authors: Jo Sung Jin , Kim Sei Won , Choi Jung-Hyun , Choi Seoung Pill , Lee Jehoon , Lim Jihyang 
Published: December 2022

Background
Severe sepsis and septic shock are the leading cause of in-hospital death. As sepsis progresses, expression and activity of endogenous mediators of inflammation change. Early detection of biomarkers can play a role in sepsis screening and in improvement of patient outcomes. Recent studies suggest that increase in monocyte volume may be helpful in early detection of sepsis. Therefore, we evaluated the utility of monocyte distribution width (MDW) for the early assessment of sepsis compared with the blood culture and other inflammatory biomarkers.

Methods
Medical records of 1,404 patients (aged ≥19 years) who were admitted to the emergency department owing to clinically suspected infectious disease and requested blood cultures from Oct 2019 to Jan 2021 were reviewed. The patients were grouped based on Sepsis-3 criteria. They had undergone other laboratory tests to evaluate their clinical status. MDW was analyzed using DxH900 hematology analyzer (Beckman Coulter, Brea, California, USA). To determine the diagnostic performance of MDW, C-reactive protein (CRP), and procalcitonin (PCT) for sepsis, the area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristics curves and their sensitivity and specificity were measured.

Results
Among 1,404 patients, 520 patients were designated the sepsis group based on Sepsis-3 criteria. In the sepsis group, MDW value was 24.1 (median, IQR 21.6–28.1); AUC values for MDW, CRP, and PCT were 0.67 (95% CI, 0.64–0.69), 0.66 (95% CI, 0.63–0.68), and 0.75 (95% CI, 0.72–0.77), respectively. For diagnosis of the sepsis, the cut-off value of MDW was 21.7 (sensitivity 74% and specificity 54%). Measured values of MDW were higher for the blood culture positive group than that of the blood culture contamination group (P<0.001, 95% CI, -5.9 to -3.0) or blood culture negative group (P<0.001, 95% CI = -5.8 to -4.2).

Conclusions
MDW is a new hematological parameter that is simultaneously calculated during complete blood cell counting by Beckman Coulter hematology analyzer. MDW is expected to serve as a useful indicator for early screening of sepsis in conjunction with CRP and PCT. MDW is especially useful for sepsis assessment in patients with a suspected infection. MDW can also assist in discriminating false positive blood cultures.
FSO systems for next generation networks: a review, techniques and challenges
Authors: Sharma Dipti , Tripathi Ashutosh , Kumari Meet 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Free space optics (FSO) is considered among the emerging technological innovations which are currently being utilized to supersede radio frequency (RF) communication because of its benefits over it, like, low cost, high speed, optimized bandwidth, reduced error and effective communication. In this regard, a brief and comprehensive survey on the FSO system is proposed in this paper under the impact of weather conditions. Furthermore, extending the review, the working, classification and challenges faced in FSO communication systems have also been explored. As the main objective of this review is to analyze and study the performance of FSO systems under varying environmental and turbulent conditions, therefore, in general, categorized the literature survey into two sections general FSO techniques and optimization-based FSO techniques including key findings, future scope as well as comparison tables for understanding the FSO systems more efficiently.
Formulation and evaluation of antidandruff shampoo using mannosylerythritol lipid (MEL) as a bio-surfactant
Authors: Mawani Jayata S. , Mali Suraj N. , Pratap Amit P. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDandruff is a dermatological, harmless, non-inflammatory, chronic scalp condition caused byMalasseziaspecies and recognisable by the white flakes of dead skin in the hair. Mannosylerythritol lipids (MEL) are non-ionic glycolipid surfactants (biosurfactants) with excellent surface-active properties. Their skin compatibility, biocompatibility, biodegradability and remarkable antimicrobial properties make them a potential alternative to conventional surfactants. In the current study, an anti-dandruff shampoo was formulated with different concentrations of sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS) and MEL as surfactants. Two anti-dandruff agents, salicylic acid and benzoic acid, were used. The other ingredients used were xanthan gum, sodium EDTA, urea, Tween 80 and distilled water. The various physicochemical parameters evaluated were colour, clarity, odour, texture, pH, skin irritation, percentage of solid content, dispersibility for dirt, foam formation and foam stability, critical micelle concentration, washability, surface tension, visual stability and antimicrobial test using recommended procedures. The pH ranged from 5.15 to 6.5, the physical appearance was golden yellow, the solids content ranged from 25.1% to 28%, surface tension ranged from 30.64 mN m−1to 38.00 mN m−1, CMC concentration ranged from 30.14 g/L to 30.16 g/L and foam value ranged from 190 mL to 105 mL. Antimicrobial activity was determined withStaphylococcus aureus(DSM 3463) andMalassezia furfur(ATCC14521). The zone of inhibition ranged from 10 mm to 17 mm (S. aureus) and 14.5 mm to 24 mm (M. furfur), respectively. The shampoo formulated with MEL only (formulation C) showed lower foaming and anti-dandruff activity than the synthetic shampoo (formulation A). However, the anti-dandruff activity increased when MEL was used in combination with SLS (formulation B). This shows that the antimicrobial properties of MEL and SLS together with other antimicrobial agents such as salicylic acid and benzoic acid enhance the properties of the shampoo. SLS can be completely replaced by a combination with biosurfactants to reduce the use of chemical surfactants and improve the anti-dandruff properties.
Rolling Bearing Steel: Design, Technology, Testing and Measurements
Authors: Beswick John M. 
Published: December 2022

Description
This publication was sponsored by ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys. The ASTM bearing steel symposia have created a legacy of knowledge for current and future bearing steel technologists. The primary reference sources for this book are the numerous ASTM selected technical publications on bearing steel technologies.
Topics covered in this publication include but are not limited to:
Alih Kode dan Campur Kode Dialog Tutur Sepuh di Semarang Tv Edisi Januari-November 2019
Authors: Latifah Chajar Umi , Setyowati Herlina , Rochimansyah Rochimansyah , Santosa Eko 
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this study is to describe the types of code switching that occur in the Speech Sepuh dialogue on Semarang TV January November 2019 edition and describe the form of code mixing in the form of words, phrases, baster, word repetition, clauses obtained in the Sepuh Speech dialogue on Semarang TV January edition. November 2019. The research method is descriptive qualitative. The data source for this research is video documents from youtube, the Tutur Sepuh event on Semarang TV in January November 2019. The data collection technique was obtained by the listening method followed by the note-taking technique. The data analysis technique uses the comparative method or also called the equivalent method. The results of the study were in the form of code switching from Javanese to Indonesian, forms of code mixing in Javanese with Indonesian, Javanese with Arabic, and several factors were found behind the occurrence of code switching and code mixing, namely the limitations of the use of codes, the use of more popular terms. , variety and level of speech.
Keywords: Code switching, Code mixing Tutur Sepuh
A Rare Case of Primary Malignant Pericardial Mesothelioma Diagnosed with Pericardiotomy
Authors: Cui Fenfen , Hu Yuan , Li Yuanmin 
Published: December 2022

Primary malignant pericardial mesothelioma (PMPM) is an extremely rare and lethal cardiac tumor. This article presents a 62-year-old man with recurrent pericardial fluid. The patient’s clinical symptoms and imaging features were nonspecific. Initial diagnosis was constrictive pericarditis. After admission, the patient’s symptoms worsened, and echocardiography indicated increased pericardial effusion. To diagnose and improve the patient’s symptoms, pericardiotomy was performed; however, the procedure was unsuccessful because the pericardium was densely adherent to the myocardium. Histopathological examination, including immunohistochemical staining of the pericardial specimen revealed malignant mesothelioma. We recommended adjuvant therapy for the patient with cis-platinum and pemetrexed; however, the patient and his family refused treatment. The patient was discharged 11 days after surgery. The patient survived for more than 15 months with surgical treatment. In this report, the patient’s symptoms improved, and the patient survived beyond the median survival after surgical treatment.
Conclusion: The definitive diagnosis of PMPM mostly has been obtained from specimens obtained by surgery. Surgery is an effective treatment method because it prevents cardiac tamponade and can improve symptoms or prognosis, but complete resection is impossible.
Language brokering between deaf signing parents and healthcare professionals
Authors: Gee Abigail , Wright Barry , Napier Jemina , Ackroyd Victoria , Phillips Helen , Hayes Rachael 
Published: December 2022

Language brokering refers to the informal interpreting performed by children and young people, typically in migrant families. Hearing heritage signers are typically individuals who grow up using a sign language at home with deaf parents. As most of them are hearing, they often broker between their signing deaf parent(s) and hearing non-signers. Brokering has been found to occur in varied contexts, including healthcare settings. Using semi-structured interviews, this study aimed specifically to explore the experiences of hearing heritage signers brokering between their parents and healthcare professionals using British Sign Language. Hearing heritage signers’ experiences of brokering in healthcare settings were found to be varied, as were their attitudes, feelings and views towards brokering. Key themes were identified: pride and pressure; insider and outsider status; conflicting roles; autonomy, dependence and independence; choice and expectation; and perceptions of high- or low-stakes brokering. Based on these findings, recommendations for healthcare providers include increasing awareness of deaf people's rights and access, recognition of children's developmental needs in these contexts and the ability to signpost hearing heritage signers to appropriate support networks.
Impulse oscillometry in children and adolescents with persistent asthma and its correlation with spirometry
Authors: Pereira de Lima Jales Henrique , De Oliveira Jorge Patrícia Polles , Solé Dirceu , Wandalsen Gustavo Falbo 
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Asthma is one of the most common chronic diseases of childhood. Spirometry is the traditional test for assessing lung function, while impulse oscillometrics is an alternative resource that measures the impedance of the respiratory system.
Objective: To evaluate the pulmonary function of children and adolescents with asthma by impulse oscillometry and correlate the findings with those obtained by spirometry.
Methods: A cross-sectional study in which the pulmonary function of asthmatic children and adolescents aged between 6 and 18 years was evaluated, categorized by the level of disease control according to the Asthma Control Test (ACT) or Children Asthma Control Test (C-ACT) into controlled (ACT/C-ACT>19; n = 70) and uncontrolled (ACT/C-ACT ≤ 19; n = 60).
Results: A total of 130 asthmatic children and adolescents were evaluated (51% were males). There were no significant differences in the parameter values of both tests when patients were divided by the level of asthma control. Altered impulse oscillometry and spirometry were performed in 20 and 25% of the cases, respectively. Changes in impulse oscillometry were more frequent in patients with controlled asthma. R5 (%), X5 (%), and Fres showed moderate correlation with the main spirometric parameters, being stronger between X5 (%) and FEV1/FVC (%) (r: -0,58; P < 0,05) in patients with controlled asthma. Bronchodilator response was observed in a similar number of patients in both exams, but with reasonable agreement.
Conclusions: Impulse oscillometry values showed a weak or moderate correlation with spirometry values.
Ingreso de Colombia a la OCDE: una mirada desde las relaciones internacionales para Latinoamérica
Authors: Vega María Eugenia , Peñaloza Jeison Duvan 
Published: December 2022

El objetivo del presente trabajo es realizar un análisis de las condiciones de ingreso de Colombia a la Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económico (OCDE) en función de la calidad de vida de sus habitantes, en comparación con las condiciones de otros países latinoamericanos como Chile y México, todo dentro del marco de las relaciones internacionales como referente teórico.
Se utilizó un método de estudio de tipo teórico descriptivo que a través de la técnica cualitativa del análisis de contenido recopiló y analizó información correspondiente a los indicadores de calidad de vida relativos a bienestar, educación e ingresos per cápita para todos los integrantes de la OCDE durante los años 2020 y 2021; encontrándose que los países latinoamericanos, en especial México, quien ya cuenta con casi tres décadas en la Organización, no ha logrado equiparar sus condiciones de calidad de vida a la de países como los norteamericanos o europeos; así mismo las ciudades capitales: México D.F. y Santiago de Chile exhiben similitud actual en indicadores como seguridad, vivienda y vida en comunidad.
Colombia ingresó hace dos años a la entidad de cooperación bajo ambientes comparables a las actuales condiciones de México, quien ya cuenta con 28 años bajo las directrices y recomendaciones de la OCDE por lo que resulta importante realizar un análisis detallado de las implicaciones de ingreso del país, a fin de establecer posibles referentes con base en los casos de estudio de los demás países latinoamericanos que hacen parte de la organización desde hace varios años.
Earth’s Upper Crust Seismically Excited by Infrasound from the 2022 Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha’apai Eruption, Tonga
Authors: Anthony Robert E. , Ringler Adam T. , Tanimoto Toshiro , Matoza Robin S. , De Angelis Silvio , Wilson David C. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractRecords of pressure variations on seismographs were historically considered unwanted noise; however, increased deployments of collocated seismic and acoustic instrumentation have driven recent efforts to use this effect induced by both wind and anthropogenic explosions to invert for near-surface Earth structure. These studies have been limited to shallow structure because the pressure signals have relatively short wavelengths (&lt;∼300 m). However, the 2022 eruption of Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha’apai (also called “Hunga”) volcano in Tonga generated rare, globally observed, high-amplitude infrasound signals with acoustic wavelengths of tens of kilometers. In this study, we examine the acoustic-to-seismic coupling generated by the Hunga eruption across 82 Global Seismographic Network (GSN) stations and show that ground motion amplitudes are related to upper (0 to ∼5 km) crust material properties. We find high (&gt;0.8) correlations between pressure and vertical component ground motion at 83% of the stations, but only 30% of stations show this on the radial component, likely due to complex tilt effects. We use average elastic properties in the upper 5.2 km from the CRUST1.0 model to estimate vertical seismic/acoustic coupling coefficients (SV/A) across the GSN network and compare these to recorded observations. We exclude many island stations from these comparisons because the 1° resolution of the CRUST1.0 model places a water layer below these stations. Our simple modeling can predict observed SV/A within a factor of 2 for 94% of the 51 non-island GSN stations with high correlations between pressure and ground motion. These results indicate that analysis of acoustic-to-seismic coupling from the eruption could be used to place additional constraints on crustal structure models at stations with collocated seismic and pressure sensors. Ultimately, this could improve tomographic imaging models, which rely on methods that are sensitive to local structure.
Rupture dynamics of a planar fault in a 3D elastic medium: Rate- and slip-weakening friction
Authors: Fukuyama Eiichi , Madariaga Raúl 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We propose a new boundary integral equation method (BIEM) to model the spontaneous propagation of rupture on a planar fault embedded in a homogeneous elastic medium. The BIEM formulation is very compact and fast in computation, so that we are able to study the effect of different slip- and rate-dependent friction laws on dynamic shear fault propagation. We simulated a spontaneous rupture by a sudden break of asperity under two friction laws, rate and/or slip weakening. We examined both long and circular asperities. The long asperity model corresponds to the 2D anti-plane or in-plane problem. The obtained result shows that slip-weakening friction is important at the crack tip, and rate-weakening friction plays an important role in the healing stage. If slip-weakening friction is strong stress drops gradually at the crack tip. On the other hand, if rate-weakening friction is strong stress drops abruptly, but it stops suddenly and sometimes stress recovers. This sudden stop of rupture produces a heterogeneous stress distribution, which will in turn produce aftershocks. Finally, we studied a realistic asperity model in which rupture starts from a small patch and then propagates with finite rupture speed. Depending on the asperity size healing can occur even without rate-weakening friction. This is due to very strong healing waves produced by the edges of the asperity.