bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pseudohyperkalemia in chronic lymphocytic leukemia and diabetic ketoacidosis
Authors: Haque Mahfujul Z. , Nasir Aishah , Judge Ramzan 
Published: August 2023

Key Clinical MessagePseudohyperkalemia can lead to inaccurate hyperkalemia diagnosis, inappropriate initiation of potassium‐lowering therapies, and overall unnecessary treatment possibly inducing iatrogenic hypokalemia. Patients with leukocytosis and thrombocytosis should raise clinical suspicion that hyperkalemic laboratory results in the absence of other traditional signs of hyperkalemia may be indicative of pseudohyperkalemia. Here we present a case of severe leukocytosis with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) found to have critically elevated potassium levels on admission to the intensive care unit (ICU). The patient was also diagnosed with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) at admission, requiring an increased frequency of electrolyte monitoring. The events leading to the prompt recognition of pseudohyperkalemia in this patient will be delineated alongside our recommendations for revising the institutional protocol to avoid false hyperkalemia diagnoses in patients with CLL.
Spontaneous rupture of a gastroduodenal artery side branch immediately following endovascular treatment of gastroepiploic artery aneurysm or pseudoaneurysm
Authors: Salehi Mohammad Gharib , Golezar Mohammad Hossein , Goudarzi Mahmoud 
Published: August 2023

Key clinical massagePseudoaneurysms and aneurysms of the visceral arteries are rare entities. To the best of our knowledge, rupture of a proximal parental artery during endovascular treatment of a visceral aneurism/pseudoaneurysm has not been reported and should be kept in mind as a tragic possibility immediately following an apparently successful management of them.AbstractA 55‐year‐old woman with a history of coronary artery disease was referred to our hospital with abdominal pain as her primary complaint. Early works revealed anemia, a small amount of free peritoneal fluid, and a possible large aneurysm or pseudoaneurysm by the greater curvature of the stomach. She underwent emergency angiography that showed a large aneurism/pseudoaneurysm of the gastroepiploic artery. Successful embolization of the lesion was performed using the isolation technique. Perforation of a side branch of the gastroduodenal artery was observed on the immediate postembolization control angiography. Therefore, parent artery coiling was done immediately with good results. She was symptom‐free and stable hemodynamically after the procedure, during the hospital course, and in the follow‐ups.
A Freestanding 3D Skeleton with Gradationally Distributed Lithiophilic Sites for Realizing Stable Lithium Anodes
Authors: Li Tianhui , Zhou Hanxiao , Liu Wenjing , Gao Jingjing , Guo Zhihao , Su Zihao , Yan Yuanting , Su Shaoxiang , Xie Haoyu , Peng Gongchang , Qu Meizhen 
Published: August 2023

AbstractLithium (Li) metal anodes are drawing considerable attention owing to their ultrahigh theoretical capacities and low electrochemical reduction potentials. However, their commercialization has been hampered by safety hazards induced by continuous dendrite growth. These issues can be alleviated using the ZnO‐modified 3D carbon‐based host containing carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and carbon felt (CF) fabricated by electroplating in the present study (denoted as ZnO/CNT@CF). The constructed skeleton has lithiophilic ZnO that is gradationally distributed along its thickness. The utilization of an inverted ZnO/CNT@CF−Li anode obtained by flipping over the carbon skeleton after Li electrodeposition is also reported herein. The synergistic effect of the Li metal and lithiophilic sites reduces the nucleation overpotential, thus inducing Li+ to preferentially deposit inside the porous carbon‐based scaffold. The composite electrode compels Li to grow away from the separator, thereby significantly improving battery safety. A symmetric cell with the inverted ZnO/CNT@CF−Li electrode operates steadily for 700 cycles at 1 mA cm−2 and 1 mAh cm−2. Moreover, the ZnO/CNT@CF−Li|S cell exhibits an initial areal capacity of 10.9 mAh cm−2 at a S loading of 10.4 mg cm−2 and maintains a capacity of 3.0 mAh cm−2 after 320 cycles.
Bioactive Hydrogels with Pro‐coagulation Effect for Hemostasis†
Authors: Guo Quanshi , Ding Yihang , Yu Lisha , Tong Zongrui , Mao Zhengwei 
Published: August 2023

Comprehensive SummaryHemostatic hydrogels are widely applied for wound management of damaged tissues, traumatic wounds, and surgical incisions. Some hydrogels composed of bioactive components, including fibrin and thrombin, showed great promise in the clinic due to their good pro‐coagulation effect. With the expanding knowledge of cascade reaction of blood coagulation and emerging bioactive substances, massive bioactive hydrogels consisting of peptides, hemocoagulase, polyphosphate (polyP), etc., have been developed as effective hemostatic materials. Based on the coagulation process and mechanism, we summarize the role of reported bioactive hydrogels in hemostasis in this review. We conclude the key points in the coagulation process, including activation of coagulation factors, fibrinogen polymerization, etc., then discuss how to design bioactive hydrogels to accelerate coagulation targeted to these points. Finally, we conclude the progress and propose a perspective of bioactive hydrogels with a pro‐coagulation effect for hemostasis.
Synthetic Control of Thorium Metal‐Organic Frameworks for Sequencing and Sensing of Radioiodine Species
Authors: Ju Yu , Li Zi‐Jian , Wang Xue , Qiu Jie , Chan Yiuhon , Zhang Zhi‐Hui , He Mingyang , Lin Jian 
Published: August 2023

Comprehensive SummaryExploring the physiochemical properties and expanding the applications of actinide‐containing materials is paramount to address the escalating challenge of radioactive waste accumulation. However, unlocking the full potential of these materials is largely crippled by the radiotoxicity of the actinides. We report here two porous and luminescent thorium‐based metal‐organic frameworks (Th‐BITD‐1 and Th‐BITD‐2) that serve as a bifunctional platform for sequencing and sensing of radioiodine, a much more radioactive fission product discharged during the nuclear fuel reprocessing. In particular, Th‐BITD‐1 displays better iodine uptake performance than Th‐BITD‐2 via the solution‐based process and vapor diffusion with the maximum adsorption capacities of 831 and 1099 mg/g, respectively. Furthermore, Th‐BITD‐1 can function as a highly sensitive luminescence sensor for iodate with a quenching constant (KSV) of 6.6(5) × 103 M−1 and a detection limit of 2.02 μM, respectively, outperforming 2.96(6) × 103 M−1 and 10.5 μM of Th‐BITD‐2. Moreover, a positive correlation between the sensing efficacy and the iodate adsorption capacity has been revealed. This work highlights the opportunity in designing novel actinide‐based MOFs for their potential applications in radiological fields, e.g., radionuclide separation and detection.
X‐ray fluorescence spectroscopy and gamma‐ray spectroscopy: experimental accesses to atomic models?
Authors: Hofmann Jonas , Emmert Marcel , Schwab Martin , Geidel Ekkehard 
Published: August 2023

AbstractRöntgenfluoreszenzanalysen und Gammaspektroskopie sind analytische Techniken, die sowohl in der Forschung als auch in der Routineanalytik zur qualitativen und quantitativen Elementbestimmung eingesetzt werden. Über den praktischen Einsatz im Chemieunterricht und in der universitären Lehre wurde dagegen selten berichtet. Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden deshalb Experimente zu beiden Techniken vorgestellt, die für Chemieunterricht und Lehramtsausbildung gleichermaßen geeignet sind. Sie umfassen einerseits Untersuchungen zum experimentellen Zugang zu Atommodellen. Andererseits dienen sie der Charakterisierung von Alltagsgegenständen aus der Lebenswelt der Lernenden.
Pasta, catalysis and rocket science – a different kind of glowing splint test
Authors: Zell Lukas , Lüke Dennis , Oetken Marco 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn diesem Versuch wird der Sauerstoff, welcher durch den katalytischen Zerfall von Wasserstoffperoxid gewonnen wird, für eine vollständige Verbrennung genutzt. Ob als motivierender Einstieg oder Schülerexperiment, die Nudelrakete bietet im Unterricht viele Anknüpfpunkte: im breiten Themenbereich rund um Sauerstoff, beim Brandschutz, in der Energetik und auch in Schülerprojekten, die einen Blick über den Tellerrand der Schulchemie werfen.
Trihydrogen Cation Helium Clusters: A New Potential Energy Surface
Authors: Bretón José , Hernández‐Rojas Javier , Hernández Marta I. , Campos‐Martínez José , González‐Lezana Tomás 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe present a new analytical potential energy surface (PES) for the interaction between the trihydrogen cation and a He atom,
, in its electronic ground state. The proposed PES has been built as a sum of two contributions: a polarization energy term due to the electric field generated by the molecular cation at the position of the polarizable He atom, and an exchange‐repulsion and dispersion interactions represented by a sum of “atom‐bond” potentials between the three bonds of
and the He atom. All parameters of this new PES have been chosen and fitted from data obtained from high‐level ab‐initio calculations. Using this new PES plus the Aziz‐Slaman potential for the interaction between Helium atoms and assuming pair‐wise interactions, we carry out classical Basin‐Hopping (BH) global optimization, semiclassical BH with Zero Point Energy corrections, and quantum Diffusion Monte Carlo simulations. We have found the minimum energy configurations of small He clusters doped with
,
, with N=1–16. The study of the energies of these clusters allows us to find a pronounced anomaly for N=12, in perfect agreement with previous experimental findings, which we relate to a greater relative stability of this aggregate.
Human Dendritic Cell Enrichment and Their Activation of T Cells
Authors: Lubin Ruth , Gvili Rotem , Hazan Idit , Yona Simon 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDendritic cells (DCs) enable the immune system to mount and modulate precisely targeted responses to various threats across the organism by bridging innate and adaptive immunity. Historically, DCs have been classified as conventional (cDC) and plasmacytoid (pDC). More recently, cDCs were acknowledged as a heterogenous population composed of several subsets. Examining the functional diversity of cDCs in healthy homeostasis and pathology requires a robust experimental pipeline, beginning with an efficient enrichment protocol in preparation for cell sorting. Unfortunately, several commercial DC enrichment kits were developed before the discovery of the more recently described DC populations. Here, we detail two approaches to enrich human blood DCs or certain DC subsets and an in vitro protocol to examine DC stimulation of naïve T cells. The methods employed here overcome many hurdles encountered while enriching human DC subsets. Basic Protocol 1 describes a method that will enrich pDC, Axl Siglec6‐DC (AS‐DC), cDC1, DC2, DC3, monocytes, and human HLA+ cells by crosslinking unwanted cells to erythrocytes. Basic Protocol 2 describes the enrichment of pDC, AS‐DC, cDC1, and DC2 but not DC3 via a highly efficient negative magnetic selection that is valuable in circumstances where DC3 is not required. Finally, Basic Protocol 3 describes a conventional protocol to perform a Mixed leucocyte Reaction (MLR) following the isolation of these DC subsets. These methods detail the advantages and pitfalls when isolating a heterogeneous population of cells. © 2023 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Human peripheral mononuclear phagocyte enrichmentBasic Protocol 2: DC enrichment of pDC, cDC1, AS‐DC, and DC2 but not DC3Basic Protocol 3: Basic mixed lymphocyte reaction protocol with sorted human DC subsets
Understanding Biostimulants and Their Tie to Soil Fertility
Authors: Nigon Leanna Leverich , Bruulsema Tom 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn recent years, biostimulants and biologicals have gained substantial traction in the marketplace with dozens of products available for growers and consultants to choose from. However, biostimulants vary widely in type and mode of action in the plant. To best understand how some of these products may be tied to soil fertility, a deeper understanding of biostimulants and biologicals is worth acquiring. Earn 1 CEU in Nutrient Management by reading this article and taking the quiz at https://web.sciencesocieties.org/Learning‐Center/Courses.
Cultural Management Strategies to Reduce the Risk of Onion Bacterial Diseases
Authors: LaHue Gabriel , Belo Tessa , Toit Lindsey du 
Published: August 2023

AbstractOnion production in the United States is massive in scale: 3.5 million tons of onions were produced on 130,000 acres and valued at approximately $1 billion, on average, each year from 2018 to 2022. Unfortunately, this highly valuable crop can be threatened by plant pathogenic bacteria that cause a variety of bacterial leaf blights and bulb rots, diseases for which there is no cure. An integrated approach is needed that emphasizes multiple preventative cultural management strategies to reduce the risk posed by onion bacterial diseases. Earn 0.5 CEUs in Integrated Pest Management by reading this article and taking the quiz at https://web.sciencesocieties.org/Learning‐Center/Courses.
Citrus, Too, Benefits From Cover Crops
Authors: Sever Megan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCover crops can provide numerous benefits such as protection from the vagaries of extreme weather, improved water filtration, improved soil organic matter and nutrient retention, and reduction of weeds. They’re common in row crops but not as much in citrus. Some researchers think they should be. This article will highlight some of the benefits and challenges of cover crops in citrus and how to use them. Earn 1 CEU in Crop Management by reading this article and taking the quiz at https://web.sciencesocieties.org/Learning‐Center/Courses.
Quantitative Low‐Field 19F Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Analysis of Carbonyl Groups in Pyrolysis Oils
Authors: Tang Bridget , Chong Katie , Ragauskas Arthur J. , Evans Robert 
Published: August 2023

AbstractInvited for this month′s cover is the collaboration between Dr Rob Evans at Aston University, Birmingham, UK and Prof. Art Ragauskas at University of Tennessee, Knoxville and Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, USA. The image illustrates that low‐field, or benchtop, NMR spectrometers can be as effective as their higher‐field counterparts in the accurate, quantitative analysis of bio‐oils. The Research Article itself is available at 10.1002/cssc.202300625.
Heterocypris incongruens maintains an egg bank in stormwater habitats and influences the development of larval mosquito, Culex restuans
Authors: Trujillo Jacqueline , Schwing Cameron D. , Muturi Ephantus J. , Cáceres Carla E. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDormant propagules can provide a rapid colonization source for temporary aquatic habitats and set the trajectory for community dynamics, yet the egg banks of stormwater management systems have received little attention. We asked which species hatched from the sediment of drainage ditches in Champaign County, IL, and found bdelloid rotifers and ostracods (Heterocypris incongruens) to be the most common taxa. These sites also are colonized by mosquitoes, and we established laboratory experiments to examine interspecific interactions between common co‐occurring taxa. Culex restuans larvae were reared in the presence or absence of H. incongruens at two intra‐ and interspecific densities (20 or 40 total individuals) and their survivorship to adulthood, development time to adulthood, adult body size, and sex ratio were determined. Survival for Cx. restuans was significantly lower at high larval density than at low larval density in both treatments. Culex restuans larvae reared in the presence of H. incongruens had a shorter development time to adulthood and emerged as larger adults compared to those reared in the absence of H. incongruens. The sex ratios in the H. incongruens treatments were female‐biased whereas those in the Culex‐only treatments were male‐biased. These differences may have epidemiological implications, as only female mosquitoes serve as disease vectors. Our results emphasize the importance of understanding interspecific interactions in influencing larval mosquito development traits.
The heterogeneous herd: Drivers of close‐contact variation in African buffalo and implications for pathogen invasion
Authors: Rushmore Julie , Beechler Brianna R. , Tavalire Hannah , Gorsich Erin E. , Charleston Bryan , Devan‐Song Anne , Glidden Caroline K. , Jolles Anna E. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMany infectious pathogens are shared through social interactions, and examining host connectivity has offered valuable insights for understanding patterns of pathogen transmission across wildlife species. African buffalo are social ungulates and important reservoirs of directly‐transmitted pathogens that impact numerous wildlife and livestock species. Here, we analyzed African buffalo social networks to quantify variation in close contacts, examined drivers of contact heterogeneity, and investigated how the observed contact patterns affect pathogen invasion likelihoods for a wild social ungulate. We collected continuous association data using proximity collars and sampled host traits approximately every 2 months during a 15‐month study period in Kruger National Park, South Africa. Although the observed herd was well connected, with most individuals contacting each other during each bimonthly interval, our analyses revealed striking heterogeneity in close‐contact associations among herd members. Network analysis showed that individual connectivity was stable over time and that individual age, sex, reproductive status, and pairwise genetic relatedness were important predictors of buffalo connectivity. Calves were the most connected members of the herd, and adult males were the least connected. These findings highlight the role susceptible calves may play in the transmission of pathogens within the herd. We also demonstrate that, at time scales relevant to infectious pathogens found in nature, the observed level of connectivity affects pathogen invasion likelihoods for a wide range of infectious periods and transmissibilities. Ultimately, our study identifies key predictors of social connectivity in a social ungulate and illustrates how contact heterogeneity, even within a highly connected herd, can shape pathogen invasion likelihoods.
Soil microbes mediate the effects of resource variability on plant invasion
Authors: Zhang Xue , van Kleunen Mark , Chang Chunling , Liu Yanjie 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA fundamental question in ecology is which species will prevail over others amid changes in both environmental mean conditions and their variability. Although the widely accepted fluctuating resource hypothesis predicts that increases in mean resource availability and variability therein will promote nonnative plant invasion, it remains unclear to what extent these effects might be mediated by soil microbes. We grew eight invasive nonnative plant species as target plants in pot‐mesocosms planted with five different synthetic native communities as competitors, and assigned them to eight combinations of two nutrient‐fluctuation (constant vs. pulsed), two nutrient‐availability (low vs. high) and two soil‐microbe (living vs. sterilized) treatments. We found that when plants grew in sterilized soil, nutrient fluctuation promoted the dominance of nonnative plants under overall low nutrient availability, whereas the nutrient fluctuation had minimal effect under high nutrient availability. In contrast, when plants grew in living soil, nutrient fluctuation promoted the dominance of nonnative plants under high nutrient availability rather than under low nutrient availability. Analysis of the soil microbial community suggests that this might reflect that nutrient fluctuation strongly increased the relative abundance of the most dominant pathogenic fungal family or genus under high nutrient availability, while decreasing it under low nutrient availability. Our findings are the first to indicate that besides its direct effect, environmental variability could also indirectly affect plant invasion via changes in soil microbial communities.
Shifting taxonomic and functional community composition of rivers under land use change
Authors: Chen Kai , Midway Stephen R. , Peoples Brandon K. , Wang Beixin , Olden Julian D. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractLand use intensification has led to conspicuous changes in plant and animal communities across the world. Shifts in trait‐based functional composition have recently been hypothesized to manifest at lower levels of environmental change when compared to species‐based taxonomic composition; however, little is known about the commonalities in these responses across taxonomic groups and geographic regions. We investigated this hypothesis by testing for taxonomic and geographic similarities in the composition of riverine fish and insect communities across gradients of land use in major hydrological regions of the conterminous United States. We analyzed an extensive data set representing 556 species and 33 functional trait modalities from 8023 fish communities and 1434 taxa and 50 trait modalities from 5197 aquatic insect communities. Our results demonstrate abrupt threshold changes in both taxonomic and functional community composition due to land use conversion. Functional composition consistently demonstrated lower land use threshold responses compared to taxonomic composition for both fish (urban p = 0.069; agriculture p = 0.029) and insect (urban p = 0.095; agriculture p = 0.043) communities according to gradient forest models. We found significantly lower thresholds for urban versus agricultural land use for fishes (taxonomic and functional p < 0.001) and insects (taxonomic p = 0.001; functional p = 0.033). We further revealed that threshold responses in functional composition were more geographically consistent than for taxonomic composition to both urban and agricultural land use change. Traits contributing the most to overall functional composition change differed along urban and agricultural land gradients and conformed to predicted ecological mechanisms underpinning community change. This study points to reliable early‐warning thresholds that accurately forecast compositional shifts in riverine communities to land use conversion, and highlight the importance of considering trait‐based indicators of community change to inform large‐scale land use management strategies and policies.