bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sustained store-operated calcium entry utilizing activated chromatin state leads to instability in iTregs
Authors: Lyu Huiyun , Yuan Guohua , Liu Xinyi , Wang Xiaobo , Geng Shuang , Xia Tie , Zhou Xuyu , Li Yinqing , Hu Xiaoyu , Shi Yan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThymus-originated tTregs andin vitroinduced iTregs are subsets of regulatory T cells. While they share the capacity of immune suppression, their stabilities are different, with iTregs losing their phenotype upon stimulation or under inflammatory milieu. Epigenetic differences, particularly methylation state of Foxp3 CNS2 region, provide an explanation for this shift. Whether additional regulations, including cellular signaling, could directly lead phenotypical instability requires further analysis. Here we show that upon TCR triggering, store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) and NFAT nuclear translocation are blunted in tTregs, yet fully operational in iTregs, similar to Tconvs. On the other hand, tTregs show minimal changes in their chromatin accessibility upon activation, in contrast to iTregs that demonstrate an activated chromatin state with highly accessible T cell activation and inflammation related genes. Assisted by several cofactors, NFAT driven by strong SOCE signaling in iTregs preferentially binds to primed opened T helper (TH) genes, resulting in their activation normally observed only in Tconv activation, ultimately leads to instability. Conversely, suppression of SOCE in iTregs can partially rescue their phenotype. Thus our study adds two new layer, cellular signaling and chromatin accessibility, of understanding in Treg stability, and may provide a path for better clinical applications of Treg cell therapy.
The impact of work–leisure facilitation on employees’ turnover intentions: the perspective of positive emotions
Authors: Wang Feng , Zhang Zihui , Shi Wendian 
Published: June 2023

Purpose
Work and leisure, as important activity domains, play important roles in the lives of individuals. However, most previous studies focused on only the interference and negative effects of work on leisure, with little focus on the facilitation of work and the positive effects of work on leisure. In view of the shortcomings of previous studies, this study focuses on the facilitation effect of work on leisure and its impact on individual psychology. This study aims to explore the relationship between work–leisure facilitation (WLF) and turnover intention and the role of positive emotions and perceived supervisor support in this relationship.

Design/methodology/approach
In this study, the method of multipoint data collection was adopted to measure the subjects; 180 employees were sampled for 5 consecutive working days, and a multilevel structural equation model was established for analysis.

Findings
The results show that WLF is negatively related to turnover intention, and positive emotions play a mediating role in this relationship. Perceived supervisor support significantly positively moderates not only the relationship between WLF and positive emotions but also the indirect effect of WLF on turnover intention through positive emotions.

Originality/value
Based on affective events theory, this study explored the relationship between WLF and turnover intention and its mechanism by using the daily diary sampling method for the first time, to the best of the authors’ knowledge. The results not only deepen the understanding of affective events theory but also provide management suggestions for reducing employees’ turnover intentions.
Impact of returnee entrepreneurs’ education and knowledge transfer on business development: moderating effect of time living abroad
Authors: Hajdari Agron , Miftari Iliriana , Ramadani Veland , Rexhepi Gadaf , Latifi Vjosë 
Published: June 2023

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of returnee entrepreneurs’ education and knowledge transfer (KT) on business development (BD) as well as the moderating effect of time living abroad on returnee entrepreneurs.

Design/methodology/approach
The quantitative approach was used in this study to grasp and validate the conceptual framework. This research was guided by a positivist survey research technique. A structured questionnaire was used as a data collection tool, and 151 returnee entrepreneurs were involved in the study. SEM with SmartPLS was used as a data analysis tool.

Findings
The results of this study show that returnee entrepreneur’s education and KT is positively associated with BD, while the time living abroad was not proved to have a moderation effect on BD.

Practical implications
This study has academic and practical relevance, as it adds new knowledge and a better understanding of the role of returnee entrepreneurs in BD and expands research on returnee entrepreneurs. In terms of practical contributions, this research offers suggestions to governments, policymakers and the business community about the impact of returnee entrepreneurs in the entrepreneurial ecosystems of their home countries.

Originality/value
This study is one of the few studies that have analysed the impact of returnee entrepreneurs’ education and KT on BD by using the survey technique. The results of this empirical research are based on primary data collected via a questionnaire.
The salience of informed risk: an experimental analysis
Authors: Santorsola Marco , Caferra Rocco , Morone Andrea 
Published: June 2023

PurposeExpanding on the real-world financial market framework and considering the current market turmoil, with cryptocurrencies (where contracts for difference (CFDs) are extremely common) (Hasso et al., 2019) displaying unprecedented volatility, the authors aim to test in an online laboratory setting whether displaying a risk warning message is truly effective in reducing the level of risk taken and whether the placement of this method makes a difference.Design/methodology/approachTo explore the impact of risk disclosure framing on risk-taking behavior, the authors conducted an online pair-wise lottery choice experiment. In addition to manipulating risk awareness through the presence or absence of risk warning messages of varying intensity, the authors also considered dynamic inconsistency, cognitive ability and questionnaire-based financial risk tolerance (FRT) scores. The authors aimed to identify potential relationships between these variables and experimentally elicited risk aversion. The authors' study offers valuable insights into the complex nature of risky decision-making and sheds light on the importance of considering dynamic inconsistency in addition to risk awareness and aversion.FindingsThe authors' results provide statistical evidence for the efficacy of informative and very salient messages in mitigating risky decision, hinting at several policy implications. The authors also provide some statistical evidence in support of the relationship between cognitive abilities and risk preferences. The authors detect that individual with low cognitive abilities scores display great risk aversion.Originality/valueThis study investigates the impact of risk warning messages on investment decisions in an online laboratory setting – a unique approach. However, the authors go beyond this and also examine the potential influence of dynamic inconsistency on decision-making, adding further value to the literature on this topic. To ensure a comprehensive understanding of the participants, the authors collect data on cognitive ability and FRT using questionnaires. This study provides a simple and cost-effective framework that can be easily replicated in future research – a valuable contribution to the field.
Halal industry in Uzbekistan: analysis using the Viable System Model
Authors: Adham Khairul Akmaliah , Masood Adlin , Muhamad Nur Sa'adah , Che Senik Zizah 
Published: June 2023

PurposeUzbekistan, a former Soviet Union state whose population is 96% Muslim, is aiming to penetrate the global halal market. Since 2016, its government has been committed to establishing a halal economy, purportedly comprising halal product exports and inbound halal tourism services. Given that a conducive halal ecosystem is a critical condition for creating and sustaining a viable halal economy, the current condition of the halal industry in the country must be diagnosed. For this purpose, we developed a diagnostic framework based on the halal principles and the Viable System Model (VSM) to identify the existing players and stakeholders in the halal industry ecosystem in Uzbekistan and their respective roles and functions, as well as the information flows amongst them.Design/methodology/approachThe study utilised the qualitative methodology with the data gathered mainly from in-depth interviews with industry experts and consumers in Uzbekistan.FindingsThe findings revealed that the country has considerable potential to develop its halal tourism market due to its beautiful landscape, rich history and cultural heritage, which is supported by a full-fledged development policy. Uzbekistan's industrial sector exhibits substantial readiness to serve the Muslim market; however, the country lacks a specific policy for the development of the halal manufacturing export industry.Originality/valueOur findings generate emergent themes that are relevant to the operations and future viability of halal industry of a Muslim country in a transitioning economy. These emerging themes further strengthened existing conceptualisation of the Viable System Model in terms of the elements of the environment and the function of policymaking in contributing toward a system's viability. Implications of the findings and suggestions for future research are also provided.
Chance and necessity in the assembly of plant communities: Stochasticity increases with size, isolation and diversity of temporary ponds
Authors: Arim Matías , Pinelli Verónica , Rodríguez‐Tricot Lucía , Ortiz Esteban , Illarze Mariana , Fagúndez‐Pachón César , Borthagaray Ana I. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Biodiversity emerges from niche mechanisms, in which the combination of traits determines species performance, and populations drift because of the inherent stochasticity of community assembly processes. Population biology dictates that small and isolated communities are more prone to show stochastic assemblages. However, a reduced mass effect in isolated communities may promote trait selection. In addition, large and connected communities have a larger species pool, higher functional redundancy, lower population sizes and more random recruitment, which also fosters stochasticity in community assembly. These contradictory expectations demand empirical analyses.

Plant metacommunities in temporary ponds are assembled by the action of strong environmental filters and cover wide ranges of local community sizes and connectivity, representing ideal systems for identifying determinants of trait‐selection processes. Using a deviance partition method introduced by the theory of community assembly by trait selection, we evaluated the role of plant traits in local community assemblies along 60 communities from a 14‐year plant survey of temporary ponds.

Variation in pond size, hydroperiod, connectitivity and heterogeneity determined a selection gradien in traits related to drought resistance, life history and disperal strategies; and also in the strength of trait‐mediated community assembly. The taxonomic and functional diversity of a pond and its physical heterogeneity fostered stochasticity in the assembly of the community, which also presented a hump‐shaped association with connectivity. The pond area increased taxonomic richness but decreased functional diversity, determining negative and positive indirect effects on stochasticity.

Synthesis. Diversity provides the raw material for trait selection putatively reducing stochasticity, but here diversity was positively related to stochasticity. Having enough functional diversity, larger redundancy and lower population sizes in diverse communities is probably fostering stochastic assemblages. The hump‐shaped association between stochasticity and connectivity supports a larger role of trait selection in isolated systems due to a weak mass effect, but also on connected communities in which a set of more optimal traits for the selection scenario could be available. In the ongoing state of ecosystem fragmentation, these empirical trends contribute to the mechanistic understanding of the connection between landscape structure and biodiversity assembly.
Adverse pregnancy outcomes in women at increased risk of preterm pre‐eclampsia on first‐trimester combined screening
Authors: Minopoli Monica , Noël Laure , Meroni Anna , Mascherpa Margaret , Frick Alex , Thilaganathan Basky 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveUteroplacental dysfunction may not only result in pre‐eclampsia (PE) but also in preterm birth (PTB), small‐for‐gestational‐age (SGA) birth and stillbirth. The aim of this study is to evaluate the positive predictive value (PPV) of first‐trimester combined PE screening for all of these placenta‐mediated adverse pregnancy outcomes.DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingTertiary referral maternity unit.SampleA total of 13 211 singleton pregnancies.MethodsFirst‐trimester combined screening for preterm PE using the Fetal Medicine Foundation (FMF) algorithm.Main outcomes measuresHypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP), PTB, SGA birth and stillbirth were combined to assess composite adverse and severe adverse pregnancy outcomes (CAPO and CAPO‐S). The PPVs for CAPO and CAPO‐S were calculated for women with a combined risk for preterm PE of ≥1 in 50 and ≥1 in 100.ResultsFirst‐trimester combined screening identified 2215 women (16.8%) with a risk of ≥1 in 100 for preterm PE. The PPVs for a risk of ≥1 in 100 for CAPO and CAPO‐S were 38.8% and 18.2%, respectively. The equivalent PPVs for a risk of ≥1 in 50 were 45.1% and 21.1%, respectively.ConclusionsWomen identified at high risk of preterm PE are also at increased risk of other placenta‐mediated adverse pregnancy outcomes, such as PTB, SGA birth and stillbirth. Women at high risk for preterm PE after first‐trimester screening may benefit from a higher surveillance care pathway, with interventions to mitigate all the adverse outcomes associated with placental dysfunction.
Examination of acetone findings in suspected drug‐facilitated sexual assaults: A case series
Authors: Arndt Crystal , Palmquist Kaitlyn B. , Gray Teresa R. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAcetone presence in human biological specimens can result from exogenous administration or endogenous production, resulting from diabetes, dietary composition, alcoholism, and stress response. Victims of drug‐facilitated sexual assaults (DFSA) are understood to experience enhanced stress. At the Harris County Institute of Forensic Sciences (HCIFS), DFSA drug testing includes analysis of volatile compounds, ethanol, methanol, isopropanol, and acetone, by headspace gas chromatography/flame ionization detection. The prevalence of acetone‐positive specimens in DFSA casework has been observed to exceed that of other human performance case types. In this report, DFSA cases received between 2019 and 2021 (n = 393) were reviewed and 41 acetone‐positive cases were detailed. Overall, nearly 11% of the DFSA cases had acetone‐positive blood or urine specimens, where 3% identified acetone only, 6% identified acetone and other drug(s), and 2% identified acetone, ethanol, and other drug(s). Acetone concentrations ranged from 0.010 to 0.147 g/100 mL in urine. Other drugs such as nor‐carboxy‐Δ9‐tetrahydrocannabinol, amphetamine, methamphetamine, ethanol, and benzoylecgonine were commonly detected. Elevated stress response encountered during DFSAs may facilitate the mechanism behind enhanced acetone production leading to increased identification. Limited availability of victim medical history precludes understanding the contribution of other disease states or physiological conditions. Nonetheless, the identification of acetone in DFSA specimens supports its potential as a biomarker of trauma in forensic toxicology casework and warrants future research within the community.
Flat does not mean 2D: Using X‐ray microtomography to study insect wings in 3D as a model for comparative studies
Authors: Schubnel Thomas , Mazurier Arnaud , Nel André , Grandcolas Philippe , Desutter‐Grandcolas Laure , Legendre Frédéric , Garrouste Romain 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

While not generally used for relatively flat structures, X‐ray microtomography can provide decisive insights for comparative anatomy and evolutionary studies of flat structures, thereby solving long‐standing ecological and evolutionary issues. This is particularly true for the study of insect wings, organs that have played a central role in the evolution and ecological success of insects, the first organisms to develop powered flight.

We present the challenges inherent in studying insect wings by microtomography, as well as solutions to overcome them. We highlight the impact of insect preparation (i.e. dry or ethanol‐preserved specimens, complete specimens or only part of the wings, wings stained with iodine or with a 0.3% solution of phosphotungtic acid—PTA) and of the acquisition mode (phase contrast or not), on scan quality and ease of interpretation. We compare our results with those obtained by more ‘traditional’ techniques, based on examination of the wings with a binocular or SEM microscope.

We show that X‐ray microtomography is effective in establishing vein homologies—a crucial step in many evolutionary studies in insects—by accessing the internal structures of the wing base itself, where veins originate. It can also be used for difficult tasks such as distinguishing between crossveins and main veins, establishing vein polarity (i.e. concave vs. convex veins) or vein fusions, situations that complicate the establishment of vein homology hypotheses and the completion of subsequent evolutionary studies. Unstained, ethanol‐preserved specimens give the least conclusive results, while dry specimens and ethanol‐preserved wings stained with PTA give the best results.

We show that 3D tools provide crucial insights for the study of insect wings, illustrating how CT‐scan tools may contribute to a change in dimension, introducing quantification and functional approaches and hopefully stimulating new studies for other seemingly 2D organs in several other fields, including plant studies. We highlight, nonetheless, that this tool must be used in coordination with more traditional observational techniques, at least for insect wings, to provide a more complete picture of these fundamental organs.
Czech Republic: Political Developments and Data in 2022
Authors: PETRÚŠEK IVAN , KUDRNÁČ ALEŠ 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe war in Ukraine dominated Czech politics in 2022. The Cabinet of Petr Fiala militarily and politically supported the Ukrainian defence efforts against the Russian adversary. Fiala visited Ukraine twice in 2022 (being the first Western leader, along with the Slovenian and Polish prime ministers, to meet with Zelensky in Kyiv on 15 March). Senate and local elections occurred in the autumn. Fiala's party (Civic Democratic Party, ODS) had the strongest showing in the Senate election, while the ANO party of the previous Prime Minister Andrej Babiš suffered a defeat. Babiš was acquitted in a long‐lasting subsidy fraud case and began campaigning for the January 2023 presidential election. Domestically, the double‐digit inflation, increasing public debt and energy supply routes were the crucial issues that led to several big anti‐government protests. The Czech Republic presided over the Council of the European Union in the second half of 2022.
Laparoscopic repair of an incarcerated inguinal hernia containing the sigmoid colon with a colonoscope
Authors: Soeta Nobutoshi , Kawamata Takahiro , Tosa Taro , Suzushino Seiko , Higuchi Mitsunori , Saito Takuro 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHere, we report the first case of laparoscopic surgery to repair an incarcerated colonoscope in an inguinal hernia containing the sigmoid colon. After colonoscopy was performed on a 74‐year‐old man with positive fecal occult blood test results, the colonoscope could not be withdrawn. A bulge consistent with an incarcerated colonoscope was found on examination of the patient's left inguinal area. Computed tomography revealed and led to the diagnosis of an incarcerated colonoscope in the sigmoid colon within the inguinal hernia. After confirmation during emergency laparoscopic surgery, the incarcerated sigmoid colon was reduced, and the colonoscope was removed under radiographic and laparoscopic guidance. No ischemic changes or serosal injuries were observed, averting the need for resection. A transabdominal preperitoneal approach with a mesh was then used to repair the inguinal hernia laparoscopically. The patient's postoperative recovery was uneventful, and no recurrence was observed at the 1‐year follow‐up.
Entrepreneurial ecosystem for promoting social innovation in emerging markets: Is corporate social responsibility integration with technology business incubators the right path?
Authors: Bhat Savita 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study attempts to fill in two research gaps in the extant literature concerning the ecosystem for social innovation in the context of emerging market economies such as India. The study first attempts to assess the potential of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in not‐for‐profit entities such as technology business incubators (TBIs) to stimulate social innovations in the prevalent ecosystems in emerging markets. Further, using a random‐effects Tobit model, the study examines the characteristics of firms that spend higher percentages of CSR expenditure on not‐for‐profit TBIs/societies/trusts in India. The study provides policy suggestions to create an entrepreneurial ecosystem for promoting social innovation in emerging markets such as India.
Myeloid cells in vascular dementia and Alzheimer's disease: Possible therapeutic targets?
Authors: García‐Culebras Alicia , Cuartero María Isabel , Peña‐Martínez Carolina , Moraga Ana , Vázquez‐Reyes Sandra , de Castro‐Millán Francisco Javier , Cortes‐Canteli Marta , Lizasoain Ignacio , Moro María Ángeles 
Published: June 2023

Growing evidence supports the suggestion that the peripheral immune system plays a role in different pathologies associated with cognitive impairment, such as vascular dementia (VD) or Alzheimer's disease (AD). The aim of this review is to summarize, within the peripheral immune system, the implications of different types of myeloid cells in AD and VD, with a special focus on post‐stroke cognitive impairment and dementia (PSCID). We will review the contributions of the myeloid lineage, from peripheral cells (neutrophils, platelets, monocytes and monocyte‐derived macrophages) to central nervous system (CNS)‐associated cells (perivascular macrophages and microglia). Finally, we will evaluate different potential strategies for pharmacological modulation of pathological processes mediated by myeloid cell subsets, with an emphasis on neutrophils, their interaction with platelets and the process of immunothrombosis that triggers neutrophil‐dependent capillary stall and hypoperfusion, as possible effector mechanisms that may pave the way to novel therapeutic avenues to stop dementia, the epidemic of our time.LINKED ARTICLESThis article is part of a themed issue From Alzheimer's Disease to Vascular Dementia: Different Roads Leading to Cognitive Decline. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v181.6/issuetoc