bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Criminalization of Climate Change Protest
Authors: Gulliver Robyn E. , Banks Robin , Fielding Kelly S. , Louis Winnifred R. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This article examines the strategies used by a democratic state to suppress dissent by criminalizing social protest activities. We compile and tabulate new legislation in Australia affecting protest rights from 2010 to 2020. Using data collected from the Facebook pages of 728 environmental groups and climate-related arrests reported in media articles, we then examine connections between climate change protest and protest criminalization in Australia between 2010 and 2019. Australian governments are shown to have criminalized climate protest via large-scale arrests by introducing laws curtailing protest freedoms and expanding police and corporate discretionary power in the application of those laws. State, corporate, and media actors are shown to engage in the rhetorical criminalization of climate protest, portraying protesters as threats to economic and political interests and to national security. However, the ongoing growth of climate change activism indicates that these criminalization strategies seeking to prevent climate protest may have been largely ineffective.
Between Two Worlds
Authors: Starks Lisa S. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This article examines how S. Ansky's 1918 play The Dybbuk, or Between Two Worlds and its subsequent adaptations on stage and screen appropriate Romeo and Juliet, transforming Shakespeare's tragedy, through Kabbalah and Jewish folklore, into one that ‘repairs’ the story of star-crossed lovers and the material world that they seek to escape. The Dybbuk is a ‘reparative tragedy’, one that intersects multiple levels of restoration, healing and repair. Generically, the play and its later stage and screen adaptations recuperate and refigure Shakespeare's tragedy; materially, it calls for the repair of past and impending trauma, suffering and severed human relationships. These levels, as well as others, culminate in the play's overriding spiritual one: the play follows the ‘reparative’ narrative of Kabbalah itself, with its goal of tikkun olam – to repair the world.
Green Financing as a Tool to Mitigate Climate Change for Sustainable Development: An Insight form Egypt
Authors: Elsherif Marwa 
Published: May 2023

Climate change is undoubtedly one of the long-term challenges confronting humanity across the globe. Most of the economies have taken serious initiatives that support reduce greenhouse gas emissions as well as accelerate financial flows to clean and sustainable projects. This study investigates the influence of green financing on environmental sustainability – represented by climate change mitigation- in Egypt from 1990 to 2021. Augmented Dickey–Fuller (ADF), Phillip-Peron (PP) unit root tests and Quantile Autoregressive Distribute Lag (QARDL) Model were employed for empirical estimates. Results reveal that green financing is negatively associated with greenhouse gas emissions. It is also worth noting that research and development (R&D) investment promotes environmental sustainability, while population growth hinders it. Moreover, economic growth does not play a vital role in climate change. There are still many fences to green finance that need to be addressed. It is recommended that policymakers push the financial sector to adopt a green finance strategy to further the goals of long-term sustainable development.
DOMINO CLINICAL CARDS TRAINING TO IMPROVE LECTURERS' ABILITIES IN CLINICAL REASONING LEARNING MEDIA
Authors: Irfannuddin Irfannuddin , Zulissetiana Eka Febri , Susilawati Susilawati , Alexander Mailan 
Published: May 2023

Medical practitioners sometimes perform inappropriate decisions and procedures. In making decisions, doctors may take a poor thinking called cognitive and representative bias.One matrix approach that can be developed to build learners' clinical reasoning is the domino game method. Domino card games (DCC) are a form of visual learning that can increase student learning motivation. DCC media is carried out in the form of competitive games. However, DCC is part of collaborative and peer learning methods. Collaborative learning is a method in which learners collaborate with each other. This method is considered to increase learning motivation. Collaboration makes them understand their learning process. The process of collaboration makes them internalize knowledge with critical thinking skills. Peer learning is the learning activity of a group of students from a similar social group. Peer learning activities can be in peer tutoring, peer assessment, or game and simulation forms. Peer learning tutoring can improve the quality of learning efficiently.DCC is an alternative instrument that can be developed to improve clinical reasoning skills. Through this training, some lecturers have been able to compile and develop DCC prototypes. Furthermore, they can apply according to their respective fields of knowledge.
Macronutrient and Micronutrient Content in Breast Milk
Authors: Subandrate Subandrate , Amalia Ella , Athiah Medina , Safyudin Safyudin , Prasetyo M. Nadhif , Arrafi M. Hafizh 
Published: May 2023

Breast milk is the best source of nutrition for newborns. Breast milk content is composed of water, protein, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, minerals, antibodies, and enzymes. Breast milk also contains white blood cells and substances that make up the baby`s immune system such as immunoglobulins and lysozyme. The composition of breast milk can change depending on the needs and ages of the baby. Exclusive breastfeeding is recommended by many doctors and other healthcare professionals. One of the factors that influence exclusive breastfeeding is the mother`s knowledge about the content of breast milk. Most breastfeeding mothers do not know the nutritional content of breast milk, both macronutrients, and micronutrients. Breast milk is also rich in immune cells, antibodies, and other bioactive ingredients that help protect the baby from infection until the baby has an effective antibody response in the first few months of life. Breast milk is an ideal nutrient for babies. The mixture of vitamins, proteins, and fats in breast milk can provide the nutrients and calories the baby needs to grow. Babies who have been breastfed for 6 months are more likely to reach their ideal weight.Therefore, the government recommends exclusive breastfeeding for infants up to the age of 6 months.
DENTAL AND ORAL HEALTH OF ELEMENTARY STUDENTS DURING THE PANDEMIC OF COVID-19
Authors: Mozartha Martha , Dewi Siti Rusdiana Puspa , Yasmin Ulfa , Awalia Hema , Sulistiawati Sulistiawati 
Published: May 2023

The Covid-19 cases have caused limited access to dental and oral health services and education, especially for school children who have higher caries risk. Factors affecting children's dental and oral health during the pandemic need to be studied, and special attention regarding caries prevention measures at this time is needed to be discussed. The purpose of this literature review article is to discuss the dental and oral health of elementary school-age children during the Covid-19 pandemic.
A COMMUNITY SEMINAR ON INTRODUCING THE EMERGENCY OF COVID-19 IN CHILDREN
Authors: Saputra Indra , Triratna Silvia , Handayani Desti , Kaffah Silmi 
Published: May 2023

The Covid-19 virus infection has spread rapidly worldwide, making it the first pandemic of the 21st century to have caused many deaths (more than 2 million people died). Some shreds of evidence from a range of sources suggest that the rate of Covid-19 cases in children is relatively low, commonly have asymptomatic or mild symptoms, and have low mortality rates. Data released by the Indonesian Pediatrician Association (IDAI) regarding the mortality rate of children infected with Covid-19 is 42% are infants under one year of age. In addition, there are new reports of severe and life-threatening cases of Covid-19 complication in children, which occur 4-6 weeks after infection, known as Multisystem Inflammatory Disease in Children (MIS-C). In order to control the spreading of Covid-19 infection in children, many countries considered temporarily closing the school. However, in September 2021, the Ministry of Education and Culture of Indonesia decided to reopen the school. Schools that provide face-to-face learning for students are schools located in yellow zones or moderate-risk areas. In order to reopen the school safely, the children, teachers, and parents have to obey some strict safety protocols. Even though physically reopening schools might potentially increase the transmission in the community. Due to anticipate the increase in morbidity and mortality, it is very important to increase public knowledge about the signs and symptoms of COVID-19 in children.
GESTATIONAL TROPHOBLASTIC DISEASE
Authors: Sanif Rizal 
Published: May 2023

Gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) is a group of tumors defined by abnormal trophoblastic proliferation. GTD is divided into hydatidiform moles (contain villi) and other trophoblastic neoplasms (lack villi).1 The malignant forms of the disease are also collectively known as gestational trophoblastic tumors or neoplasia (GTN).GTN includes the invasive mole, choriocarcinoma, placental site trophoblastic tumor, and epithelioid trophoblastic tumor. Southeast Asia and Japan have the highest reported incidence estimated to be two in 1000 pregnancies. In high-income countries, the incidence of a complete mole is approximately 1–3 per 1000 pregnancies, and the incidence of a partial mole is about 3 per 1000 pregnancies. Approximately 15–20% of patients will be treated for gestational trophoblastic neoplasia after the evacuation of complete hydatidiform mole. GTD develop from abnormal proliferation of trophoblastic tissue and form botryoid arranged vesicles. Risk factors include extremes of age, ethnicity, and a prior history of an HM, suggesting a genetic basis for its etiology. GTD causes a broad spectrum of different symptoms. The most frequent clinical symptom is abnormal vaginal bleeding. Other signs include uterine enlargement more significant than expected for gestational age, absent fetal heart tones, cystic ovary enlargement, hyperemesis gravidarum, and abnormally high level of β-hCG for gestational age. Ultrasound is the gold standard in non-invasive techniques, but histological examination is necessary to reach the final diagnosis. Different treatment modalities are available for gestational trophoblastic neoplasm depending on the type and stage; these include D&C (dilation and curettage), chemotherapy, hysterectomy, or a combination of these.2 The prognostic score for GTN reported by FIGO is a score of 0–6 is the low-risk group and 7 is the high-risk group. All patients who have hydatidiform mole should be up for β-hCG surveillance and monitoring. Most relapses occur within the first year after completion of chemotherapy. A generally approved schedule of β-hCG surveillance indicates monitoring weekly for six weeks after chemotherapy followed by biweekly measurements until six months after chemotherapy. Afterward, a biannual measurement of β-hCG for five years is sufficient.1 Seeing this, the determination of the diagnosis of GTD becomes very important. With the proper diagnosis, the management of the patient will also improve.
CUTANEOUS MANIFESTATIONS AND TREATMENT APPROACH OF VIRAL INFECTION DURING THE PANDEMIC
Authors: Aryani Inda Astri 
Published: May 2023

Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) merupakan infeksi pandemic disebabkan severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) yang tidak hanya bermanifestasi pada pulmonal namun juga ekstrapulmonal. COVID-19-associated cutaneous manifestations diklasifikasikan menjadi lima kelompok besar, dapat menjadi salah satu petunjuk diagnosis dan keparahan infeksi virus. Pendekatan terapi diberikan berdasarkan temuan klinis dan keparahan penyakit. Di era pandemik ini juga pada September 2022, Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) menyatakan terjadi outbreak monkeypox di seluruh dunia. Kasus pertama terkonfirmasi laboratorik monkeypox di Indonesia dilaporkan pada Agustus 2022. Mengenali manifestasi kulit infeksi monkeypox virus dapat membantu deteksi dini penyakit, terapi dan pencegahan untuk pencegahan penyebaran lebih lanjut.
PENATALAKSANAAN OTITIS MEDIA SUPURATIF KRONIK DI FASILITAS KESEHATAN PERTAMA
Authors: Widyasari Fiona , Hifni Ahmad , Ghanie Abla 
Published: May 2023

Otitis media supuratif kronik (OMSK) adalah peradangan kronis pada telinga tengah yang berlangsung lebih dari 2-6 minggu yang ditandai dengan adanya perforasi membran timpani dan keluar cairan dari telinga/otorea secara terus menerus atau hilang timbul. OMSK sering menyebabkan morbiditas dan mortalitas sehingga masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang utama di seluruh dunia dan merupakan penyakit telinga yang sampai saat ini masih sering dijumpai terutama di negara berkembang, termasuk di Indonesia. Diagnosis dapat ditegakkan melalui anamnesis dan pemeriksaan fisik. Tatalaksana OMSK meliputi terapi medikamentosa disertai tindakan pembedahan. Tatalaksana medikamentosa adekuat di fasilitas Kesehatan pertama meliputi pemberian aural toilet dan antibiotika baik topikal maupun sistemik dapat mengurangi tingkat keparahan. Tindakan pembedahan pada OMSK bertujuan untuk eradikasi penyakit, menghasilkan telinga yang kering permanen, dan memperbaiki fungsi pendengaran. Komplikasi yang terjadi akibat OMSK meliputi komplikasi intrakranial dan intratemporal.
THE POST-PANDEMIC IMMUNITY DEBT IN CHILDREN: WHAT WE NEED TO KNOW
Authors: Karmila Ariesti 
Published: May 2023

Implementasi protokol kesehatan yang ketat dalam bentuk intervensi non-farmakologis pada masa pandemi COVID-19 diakui telah memberikan dampak positif langsung dalam usaha pengendalian transmisi virus SARS-CoV2. Selain menekan penularan COVID-19, pelaksanaan protokol kesehatan ternyata juga menurunkan insiden banyak penyakit infeksi lain. Namun, kombinasi dari adanya pembatasan sosial berskala besar di masyarakat yang panjang dan penerapan protokol kesehatan lain telah menurunkan kuantitas paparan fisiologis anak dengan berbagai berbagai mikroba di lingkungan secara bermakna. Padahal paparan inilah yang ikut menstimulasi dan membentuk sistem imunitas anak. Pandemi juga telah menimbulkan disrupsi besar pada angka cakupan imunisasi dasar. Sehingga menurunnya stimulasi imunitas akibat rendahnya sirkulasi mikroba yang diiringi dengan penurunan cakupan imunisasi telah menyebabkan timbulnya suatu fenomena yang dikenal dengan immunity debt. Banyak anak yang tidak mampu membangun imunitas terhadap berbagai mikroba yang pada saat sebelum pandemi sering terpapar secara alami. Saat ini dengan semakin terkendalinya COVID-19, berbagai restriksi telah dilonggarkan. Tetapi hal ini diikuti dengan timbulnya laporan peningkatan kasus berbagai penyakit infeksi selain COVID-19 sehingga timbul kekhawatiran akan terjadinya pandemi-pandemi baru akibat semakin besarnya proporsi anak yang rentan terhadap infeksi. Untuk mencegah hal tersebut, upaya vaksinasi kejar perlu diperkuat dan dipercepat. Monitoring dan surveilans kejadian penyakit infeksi lain di masyarakat harus dilakukan dengan baik. Selain itu, kebijakan pelaksanaan protokol kesehatan perlu diimbangi dengan penggunaan strategi lain yang masih memberikan kesempatan bagi anak-anak untuk tetap terpapar dengan berbagai mikroba secara wajar sehingga dapat membangun sistem imunitas yang kuat.
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN SERUM ALP LEVELS AND PRE-OPERATIVE LDH TOWARDS CLINICAL PROGNOSIS OF OSTEOSARCOMA PATIENTS IN H. ADAM MALIK HOSPITAL, MEDAN
Authors: Gerhard Christoffel Tampubolon  , Otman Siregar  , Andriandi  
Published: May 2023

Background: The prognosis of osteosarcoma is very unsatisfactory due to frequent tumor metastases to the lung or resistance to chemotherapy. A marker is needed to identify the prognosis of patients with osteosarcoma when diagnosed with the aim of being able to receive cancer treatment as soon as possible to improve a better prognosis. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) have potential in assessing the prognosis in osteosarcoma.
Purpose and Objectives: The researcher wanted to investigate the relationship between preoperative serum ALP and LDH levels on the clinical prognosis of osteosarcoma patients.
Methods: This research is analytic retrospective with the source of data is medical records and was conducted at the Department of Surgery FK-USU/RSUP Haji Adam Malik Medan with research code of ethics No. 426/KEPK/USU/2022. The subjects of this study were patients with osteosarcoma who were treated at Division of Orthopedic Surgery at Haji Adam Malik Hospital Medan from January 2015-December 2017 who met the inclusion criteria.
Results: There was no significant relationship between ALP and LDH with five-year survival with p-values ​​of 0.557 and 0.179 (p>0.05). ALP has a weak correlation with five-year survival with an r value of -0.019 which means the higher the ALP, the lower the five-year survival of the patient. Meanwhile, LDH has a weak correlation with an r value of 0.093, which means the higher the LDH, the higher the patient's five-year survival. The ALP value in this study had a median value of 212 U/L and an LDH value of 489 U/L. ALP has sensitivity of 61.1% and specificity of 57.1% with a cut-off of 217.5 U/L. Meanwhile, LDH sensitivity was 61.2% and specificity was 51.4% with a cut-off of 488.5 U/L.
Conclusion: There is no significant relationship between ALP and LDH with five-year survival.
CLINICOPATHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF INVASIVE BREAST CARCINOMA ON PDL-1 IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL EXPRESSION IN H. ADAM MALIK HOSPITAL MEDAN
Authors: Lesmana Daniel Kristian Prawira , Denny Rifsal Siregar  , Dedy Hermansyah  
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background: Immune biologic markers that can predict clinical response to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy are needed to identify and validate tumor immunotherapy studies. High PD-L1 expression is associated with increased clinical response in patients with various types of cancer treated with inhibitors of the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway. The researcher wanted to see the clinicopathological characteristics of invasive breast carcinoma according to the immunohistochemical expression of PD-L1.
Methods: This study is a descriptive study with a cross-sectional, retrospective approach by looking at secondary data from the medical records of the Department of Surgery, Oncology Division, Haji Adam Malik Hospital from January 1, 2019, to December 31, 2021.
Results: Immunohistochemical expression of PD-L1 was positive in 76.6% of invasive breast carcinomas and negative in 23.3% of invasive breast carcinomas. Immunohistochemical expression of PD-L1 was positive in non-specific IBCs that predominated in every molecular subgroup of breast carcinoma.
Discussion: Tumours can show positive or negative PD-L1 expression through several biological processes with different functional significance, namely the genetic mechanism of constitutive or oncogene-induced PD-L1 expression, PD-L1 expression induced in T cells, and absence of PD-L1 expression. Due to the absence of T cells and genetic events that block the expression of PD-L1 despite T cell infiltration.
Efek ukuran sampel pada parameter GRM yang didasarkan pada korelasi inter item
Authors: Susanto Hari Purnomo , Retnawati Heri , Setiawati Farida Agus 
Published: May 2023

Teori respon butir memiliki banyak kelebihan Ketika digunakan untuk menentukan karateristik butir instrumen jika ukuran sampel yang digunakan besar. Sebaliknya, jika ukuran sampel kecil IRT memiliki kecenderunga kurang akurat dalam menentukan karakteristik suatu instrumen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan efek ukuran sampel pada GRM yang didasarkan pada data awal yang memiliki korelasi inter item yang sama secara statistik. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian simulasi yang didasarkan pada data empiris. Data skunder dari 43 responden digunakan sebagai data awal. Akurasi efek dari ukuran sampel baru dihitung dengan menggunakn RMSE dan koelasi. Teknik membangkitkan data yang digunakan yaitu metode multivariat variabel random diskrit. perangkat lunak R. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai RMSE berkisar 0,6 > 0,33 dan korelasi sekitar 0,5 < 0,7 tidak memenuhi standar akurasi.. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa ukuran sampel dengan matriks korelsi yang sama, tidak memiliki efek pada parameter GRM dan data baru yang dihasilkan tidak dapat digunakan untuk pemulihan parameter GRMÂ The effect of sample size on GRM parameters based on the correlation between itemsÂ Abstract: Item response theory has many advantages in determining the instrument's item characteristics when the sample size used is large. On the other hand, if the sample size is small, the IRT tends to be less accurate in determining an instrument. This study aims to determine the effect of sample size on GRM based on the inter-item correlation matrix of initial data. This research was conducted on simulation research based on empirical data. Secondary data from 43 respondents was used as initial data. The effect accuracy of the new sample size was calculated using RMSE and correlation. The data generation method used was the multivariate method of discrete random variables. The results show that the RMSE value is around 0.6 > 0.33, and the correlation of about 0.5 < 0.7 did not meet the standard of accuracy. It could be concluded that the sample size with the same inter-item correlation matrix has no effect on the GRM parameters, and the new data generated couldnâ€™t be used for GRM parameter recovery.
Manajemen Pembelajaran Matematika dalam Meningkatkan Minat Belajar Siswa SMAN 1 Kualah Selatan
Authors: Amelia Yuli , Fahmi Ansari , Pasaribu Khadijah , Putri Nindi Aulia , Khairuni Tengku Lailan 
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan memberikan gambaran tentang minat belajar siswa dan manajemen pembelajaran matematika di SMAN 1 Kualuh Selatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: 1) Siswa-siswi di SMAN 1 Kuauh Selatan memiliki minat belajar pada mata pelajaran matematika yang beragam, diperlukan peran guru dalam membangkitkan sikap positif dan merancang pembelajaran matematika dibutuhkan agar perlahan-lahan dapat menumbuhkan minat belajar siswa terhadap matematika; 2) Untuk meningkatkan minat belajar siswa guru lebih mengoptimalkan dalam merencanakan komponen komponen yang ada dalam RPP yaitu tujuan pembelajaran, materi pembelajaran, metode pembelajaran, media pembelajaran, sumber belajar, dan penilaian pembelajaran; 3) Pengorganisasian yang dilakukan dalam menunjang kegiatan belajar matematika diantaranya yaitu pengorganisasian kurikulum, sarana dan prasarana, guru, serta pengorganisasian siswa; 4) Pelaksanaan pembelajaran matematika dilakukan dalam tiga kegiatan yaitu kegiatan pendahuluan, inti, dan penutup dengan tetap menjaga perhatian siswa agar fokus dalam pembelajaran; 5) Evaluasi pembelajaran dilaksanakan dengan jenis evaluasi formatif dan sumatif.