bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transcriptome analysis of novel B16 melanoma metastatic variants generated by serial intracarotid artery injection
Authors: Kienzler Jenny C. , Contreras Erick M. , Treger Janet , Liau Linda M. , Owens Geoffrey C. , Prins Robert M. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The incidence of brain metastases (BrM) in patients with metastatic melanoma is reported to be 30–50% and constitutes the third most frequent BrM after breast and renal cancers. Treatment strategies including surgical resection, stereotactic radiation, and immunotherapy have improved clinical response rates and overall survival, but the changes that occur in circulating melanoma cells to promote invasion of the brain are not fully understood. To investigate brain tropism, we generated new variants of the B16 mouse melanoma model by serially passaging B16 cells through the brain of immune competent syngeneic C57BL/6 mice. Cells were injected into the right carotid artery and recovered from the brain after the mice had reached the study endpoint due to tumor burden, then expanded in vitro and reinjected. We compared the transcriptomes of 4th generation B16 cell populations from separate lineages with the founder B16-F0 cells. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) of differentially expressed protein coding genes revealed that cells isolated from the brain as well as from the lung and meninges expressed higher levels of genes associated with an epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), upregulation of the KRAS signaling pathway, and a metastasis aggressiveness gene signature associated with poor survival in melanoma patients. Principal component analysis of differentially expressed genes showed that 4th generation melanoma cells isolated from the brain, lung and meninges from one lineage were distinct from those of the other three lineages. Among the differentially expressed genes, transcript levels of several genes, including Itgb2, Rftn2, and Kcnn4, were significantly higher in all cell populations that comprised this lineage compared with all cell populations from the other three lineages. In conclusion, we have derived an aggressive, highly brain metastatic B16 variant associated with leptomeningeal disease by serially passaging cells in vivo.
The dark side of non-fungible tokens: understanding risks in the NFT marketplace from a fraud triangle perspective
Authors: Upadhyay Nitin , Upadhyay Shalini 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study investigates the dark side of the non-fungible token (NFT) marketplace, with a focus on understanding the risks, and underlying factors driving fraud in the NFT ecosystem. Using the fraud triangle framework, this study examines pressure, opportunity, and rationalization from individual and organizational perspectives. The research provides a comprehensive understanding of the contributing factors to NFT marketplace fraud by analyzing the reasons behind fraudulent actions. A conceptual framework is developed that includes ten propositions to aid in understanding the complexity of this issue. This study’s outcomes will assist policymakers in crafting efficient approaches to mitigate fraud within the NFT marketplace.
Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio: association with microcirculatory changes detected by nailfold capillaroscopy in scleroderma patients and its relation to disease severity
Authors: Hammoda Rasha M. , El-Gharbawy Nermin H. , Khalifa Ahmed A. , Moharram Amira A. , Elziaty Rahma A. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Microvascular alteration in scleroderma patients is well documented. Microcirculatory changes can be visualized by nailfold capillary microscopy (NFC) examination which is a safe and noninvasive technique. This study aims to identify possible association between neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and microvascular changes detected by nailfold capillaroscopic examination in scleroderma patients.

Results
The study was conducted on 25 patients with systemic sclerosis. On studying the correlation of NLR with laboratory parameters, we found significant positive correlations with erythrocyte sedimentation rate “ESR” and C-reactive protein “CRP” values (p = 0.000). Regarding the clinical manifestations, higher NLR was significantly related to the presence of digital ulcer (p = 0.023) and Raynaud’s phenomenon (p = 0.015). There was significantly negative relation between NLR with cyclophosphamide treatment. Regarding NFC examination’s results, there was significant negative correlation of NLR with capillary number/mm (p = 0.000) and significant positive correlation of NLR with capillary width (p = 0.005), and a significant relation of NLR with the presence of capillary hemorrhage and presence of active scleroderma pattern (p = 0.010) was also reported.

Conclusion
High N/L ratio as a marker of inflammation was found to reflect severity of systemic sclerosis and is associated with larger capillary diameter and lower capillary number in nailfold capillaroscopy. Active scleroderma pattern was associated with high N/L ratio. Further longitudinal studies are needed to determine the frequency of nailfold videocapillaroscopy and N/L ratio.
Modulation of sex pheromone detection by nutritional and hormonal signals in a male insect
Authors: Force Evan , Suray Caroline , Monsempes Christelle , Fuentes Annabelle , Maria Annick , Debernard Stéphane 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT
As in other animals, insects can modulate their odor-guided behaviors, especially sexual behavior, according to environmental and physiological factors such as the individual's nutritional state. This behavioral flexibility results from modifications of the olfactory pathways under the control of hormones. Most studies have focused on the central modulation of the olfactory system and less attention has been paid to the peripheral olfactory system. To understand how nutritional inputs influence the detection of sex pheromones in insects, we turned to the male moth Agrotis ipsilon, for which the behavioral responsiveness to sex pheromones is dependent on diet and reproductive hormones, juvenile hormone (JH) and 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E). We demonstrated that a sugar-rich diet with sodium increases the sensitivity of olfactory receptor neurons to (Z)-7-dodecen-1-yl acetate, the major sex pheromone compound, and the antennal expression of the pheromone binding protein (PBP2) and the pheromone receptor (OR3). Such a diet also induces overexpression of the methoprene-tolerant receptor to JH and underexpression of the ecdysone receptor to 20E in antennae. The diet-induced olfactory responses were maintained by treatment with cucurbitacin B, a 20E antagonist, but were suppressed by the topic application of precocene, a JH biosynthesis inhibitor. These findings reveal that a positive nutritional state enhances sex pheromone detection through JH actions on the peripheral actors of the pheromone system in male moths. More broadly, in insects, our study provides, for the first time, a neuronal and molecular basis of the dietary-dependent endocrine modulation of the peripheral olfactory system.
Machine learning and spatio-temporal analysis of meteorological factors on waterborne diseases in Bangladesh
Authors: Chowdhury Arman Hossain , Rahman Md. Siddikur 
Published: January 2025

Background
Bangladesh is facing a formidable challenge in mitigating waterborne diseases risk exacerbated by climate change. However, a comprehensive understanding of the spatio-temporal dynamics of these diseases at the district level remains elusive. Therefore, this study aimed to fill this gap by investigating the spatio-temporal pattern and identifying the best tree-based ML models for determining the meteorological factors associated with waterborne diseases in Bangladesh.

Methods
This study used district-level reported cases of waterborne diseases (cholera, amoebiasis, typhoid and hepatitis A) obtained from the Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (BBS) and meteorological data (temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, and precipitation) sourced from NASA for the period spanning 2017 to 2020. Exploratory spatial analysis, spatial regression and tree-based machine learning models were utilized to analyze the data.

Results
From 2017 and 2020, Bangladesh reported 73, 606 cholera, 38, 472 typhoid, 2, 510 hepatitis A and 1, 643 amoebiasis disease cases. Among the waterborne diseases cholera showed higher incidence rates in Chapai-Nawabganj (456.23), Brahmanbaria (417.44), Faridpur (225.07), Nilphamari (188.62) and Pirojpur (171.62) districts. The spatial regression model identified mean temperature (β = 12.16, s.e: 3.91) as the significant risk factor of waterborne diseases. The optimal XGBoost model highlighted mean and minimum temperature, relative humidity and precipitation as determinants associated with waterborne diseases in Bangladesh from 2017 to 2020.

Conclusions
The findings from the study, incorporating the One Health perspective, provide insights for planning early warning, prevention, and control strategies to combat waterborne diseases in Bangladesh and similar endemic countries. Precautionary measures and intensified surveillance need to be implemented in certain high-risk districts for waterborne diseases across the country.
Trends in the prevalence of obesity and estimation of the direct health costs attributable to child and adolescent obesity in Brazil from 2013 to 2022
Authors: Nilson Eduardo Augusto Fernandes , da Costa Michele Gonçalves , de Oliveira Ana Carolina Rocha , Honorio Olivia Souza , Barbosa Raphael Barreto da Conceição 
Published: January 2025

Introduction
Childhood obesity is a major global public health issue globally and in Brazil. The impacts of childhood obesity include higher risk of disease during childhood and of obesity and non-communicable diseases in adulthood and represent an important epidemiological and economic burden to countries. This study aims to analyze the trends and to estimate the direct healthcare costs of childhood and adolescent obesity to the National Health System from 2013 to 2022.

Methods
We used Prais-Winsten regressions for determining the trends in the prevalence of obesity and modeled the attributable to childhood and adolescent obesity in the Brazilian National Health System using previous meta-analysis of studies.

Results
The hospitalizations of children and adolescents with obesity as a primary cause totaled Int$2.6 million to the Brazilian National Health System from 2013 to 2022, demonstrating that obesity is rarely considered as a cause of hospitalization especially among children and adolescents. The additional costs of hospitalizations attributable to childhood obesity totaled Int$101.5 million during the same period. The additional non-hospital, outpatient and medication cost attributable to childhood obesity in Brazil were estimated at Int$6.0 million, so the total estimated healthcare costs were of approximately Int$107.5 million in the last decade.

Conclusion
This study highlights that childhood and adolescent obesity are increasing for most age-groups and that its costs are not limited to the economic impacts on adult health and represent a relevant economic burden to the Brazilian National Health System and to families because of additional costs during childhood and adolescence. Therefore, the prevention and control of childhood and adolescent obesity must be public health priorities.
Impact of the COVID-19 lockdown in the United Kingdom on adolescent’s time use (CONTRAST study)
Authors: Pokhilenko Irina , Frew Emma , Murphy Marie , Pallan Miranda 
Published: January 2025

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has led to major changes in everyone’s lives, including adolescents. Given that adolescence is a crucial developmental stage, designing strategies to alleviate the impact of the COVID-19 on adolescents is critical. Furthermore, there is a growing literature on the relationship between how adolescents spend their time and impact upon health, nutrition, educational attainment and overall well-being outcomes, and the existence of a socioeconomic gradient with how time is allocated. Therefore, this study explored changes in adolescents’ time use during the first COVID-19 lockdown in the UK and the relationship between these changes and individual-level socioeconomic indicators including family affluence, free school meal eligibility, and food insecurity.

Methods
The data were collected from 11-15-year-olds using an online survey, which contained questions on demographic characteristics, socioeconomic indicators, and time use across a range of activities before and during the first COVID-19 lockdown. Changes in time use in relation to socioeconomic indicators were explored using descriptive and regression analysis.

Results
687 adolescents completed the survey. There was an overall decrease in the amount of time spent on school work, an increase in screen time, and an increase in sleep duration during the week. Descriptive analysis showed evidence of inequalities with changes in time use. In adjusted regression analyses, family affluence was associated with a greater increase in time spent on socialising with household members and a decrease in time spent on exercise. Free school meal eligibility and experience of food insecurity were associated with an increase in sleep duration.

Discussion
This study contributes to the body of evidence on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on young people and suggests that some of the pre-lockdown inequalities in time allocation were attenuated as a result of the lockdown. Furthermore, the results underscore the need for longer term surveillance to monitor changes in time use in adolescents to mitigate the impact on outcomes over the life course.
The CASPAR study protocol. Can cervical stiffness predict successful vaginal delivery after induction of labour? a feasibility, cohort study
Authors: Medford Elizabeth , Lane Steven , Merriel Abi , Sharp Andrew , Care Angharad 
Published: January 2025

Background
Induction of labour (IOL) is a common obstetric intervention in the UK, affecting up to 33% of deliveries. IOL aims to achieve a vaginal delivery prior to spontaneous onset of labour to prevent harm from ongoing pregnancy complications and is known to prevent stillbirths and reduce neonatal intensive care unit admissions. However, IOL doesn’t come without risk and overall, 20% of mothers having an induction will still require a caesarean section birth and in primiparous mothers this rate is even higher.
There is no reliable predictive bedside tool available in clinical practice to predict which patient’s undergoing the IOL process will result in a vaginal birth; the fundamental aim of the IOL process. The Bishop’s Score (BS) remains in routine clinical practice as the examination tool to assess the cervix prior to IOL, despite it being proven to be ineffective as a predictive tool and largely subjective. This study will assess the use of the Pregnolia System, a new objective antenatal test of cervical stiffness. This study will explore its’ potential for pre-induction cervical assessment and indication of delivery outcome following IOL.

Methods
CASPAR is a feasibility study of term, primiparous women with singleton pregnancies undergoing IOL. Cervical stiffness will be assessed using the Pregnolia System; a novel, non-invasive, licensed, CE-marked, aspiration-based device proven to provide objective, quantitative cervical stiffness measurements represented as the Cervical Stiffness Index (CSI, in mbar). A measurement is obtained by applying the sterile single-use Pregnolia Probe directly to the anterior lip of the cervix, visualised via placement of a speculum.
Following informed consent, CASPAR study participants will undergo the Pregnolia System cervical stiffness assessment prior to their IOL process commencing. Participant questionnaires will evaluate the acceptability of this assessment tool in this population. This study will directly compare this novel antenatal test to the current BS for both patient experience of the different cervical assessment tools and for IOL outcome prediction.

Discussion
This feasibility study will explore the use of this novel device in clinical practice for pre-induction cervical assessment and delivery outcome prediction. Our findings will provide novel data that could be instrumental in transforming clinical practice surrounding IOL. Determining recruitment rates and acceptability of this new assessment tool in this population will inform design of a further powered study using the Pregnolia System as the point-of-care, bedside cervical assessment tool within an IOL prediction model.

Study registration
This study is sponsored by The University of Liverpool and registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT05981469, date of registration 7th July 2023.
Compassion fatigue and associated factors among nurses working in Jimma Zone public hospitals, southwest Ethiopia: A facility based cross-sectional study
Authors: Ganeti Duguma Debela , Dereje Fufa Bikila , Bayana Kebede Ebissa , Shemsi Seid Sheka , Wogane Ilala Birhanu , Bacha Benti Nuritu , Belay Belachew Yeshitila 
Published: January 2025

Background
Nurses are at risk of developing compassion fatigue, which has negative impacts on their well-being, quality care and leads to patient mortality and a financial burden on the healthcare system. However, data on compassion fatigue is scarce in Africa, particularly Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to assess level compassion fatigue and associated factors among nurses in Jimma Zone public hospitals, Ethiopia.

Method
A facility-based cross-sectional study was employed from May 25 to June 25, 2023. A systematic sampling technique was employed to select among 422 respondents. Data were collected using pretested self-administered questionnaires. Professional Quality of Life Scale-5 was used for measuring compassion fatigues. Data were entered using Epi data version 4.6 and analyzed using SPSS version 25. Linear regression were done to identify factors associated with compassion fatigue. Statistically significant was declared at a p-value of ≤ 0.05 with 95% CI.

Result
From a total of 422 respondents, 412(97.6%) of them gave complete responses. 47% of respondents, had a moderate level of compassion fatigue. Total experience [β = -0.04; 95%CI (-0.06, -0.01); p = 0.005], perceived social support [β = -0.13; 95% CI (-0.17, -0.08); p<0.001], self-compassion [β = -0.09; 95% CI (-0.14, -0.03); p = 0.003], support seeking [β = -0.23; 95% CI (-0.42, -0.04 p = 0.017], emergency ward [β = 0.36; 95% CI (0.2, 0.51); p <0.001], ICU [β = 0.38; 95% CI (0.21, 0.54); p<0.001], pediatric ward [β = 0.23; 95% CI (0.10, 0.36); p < 0.001] and average sleep hours per day [β = 0.46; 95% CI (0.35, 0.57); p<0.001] were statistically signifantly factors.

Conclusion and recommendation
The study revealed that one in four nurses had high level of compassion fatigue. The factors associated were work experience, perceived social support, self-compassion, coping strategies, work unit, and sleep hours. Therefore, stakeholders including hospital managers should implement targeted strategies to prevent compassion fatigue including training on coping strategy and, self-compassion and creating culture of team work among nurses.
Assessment of antenatal care quality in Ethiopia: Facility-based study using service provision assessment data
Authors: Alemu Addisu Alehegn , Welsh Alec , Getachew Theodros , Khajehei Marjan 
Published: January 2025

Background
Antenatal care (ANC) coverage in low- and middle-income countries has increased in the past few decades. However, merely increasing care coverage may not enhance maternal and newborn health unless the recommended service components are also provided. Our aim was to assess the quality of ANC and its associated factors in Ethiopia.

Methods
We used data from 2,042 pregnant women whose first ANC consultation was observed. Data were obtained from the 2021–2022 Ethiopian Service Provision Assessment survey conducted among a nationally representative sample of 1,158 healthcare facilities. Twenty-four components of ANC were assessed, and their values were summed to generate a total ANC quality score (range: 0–24). A higher score indicated a superior ANC quality. A multiple generalized Poisson regression model was fitted to identify factors influencing the quality of ANC. All statistical analyses were performed using STATA version 16.

Results
The mean ANC quality score was 11 (standard deviation [SD]: 3.8). Blood pressure measurement was the most commonly performed ANC component, at 79.5%, and breast examination for cancer screening was the most neglected component of ANC, at 3.3%. ANC quality was higher in the Amhara region (incidence rate ratio [IRR]: 1.088; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.0–1.171) and Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples’ Region (IRR: 1.081; 95% CI: 1.002–1.166), and when the care was provided by a female healthcare worker (IRR: 1.054; 95% CI: 1.021–1.088). On the other hand, ANC quality decreased in rural healthcare facilities (IRR: 0.964; 95% CI: 0.932–0.998), clinics (IRR: 0.666; 95% CI: 0.581–0.764), and health posts (IRR: 0.817; 95% CI: 0.732–0.91). Similarly, ANC quality decreased when gestational age at the first antenatal visit increased (IRR: 0.994; 95% CI: 0.992–0.996) and when care was received from a non-nearby healthcare facility (IRR: 0.956; 95% CI: 0.923–0.990).

Conclusion
Overall, the quality of ANC in Ethiopia is suboptimal. Encouraging women to initiate ANC early and utilize nearby facilities, assisting providers in delivering standardized services through preservice training, supervision, and continuous education, and ensuring the availability and proper use of necessary resources at all facilities are important to improve ANC quality.
Trends of adverse pregnancy outcomes and its determinants in Arba Minch Zuria and Gacho Baba Woredas from 2018 to 2022: Analysis of health and demographic surveillance data
Authors: Gebru Zeleke , Berhe Fekadeselassie , Shibiru Shitaye , Honja Bereket , Kote Mesfin , Baharu Alazr , Awoke Tadesse 
Published: January 2025

Introduction
Many family members and the expectant mother view pregnancy as a time of joyful anticipation. However, it can also bring about a range of issues that may pose serious and potentially life-threatening risks for both the mother and the unborn child. Adverse pregnancy outcomes are an alarming public issue in different parts of the world and have a seriously harmful influence on both their health and well-being. Nevertheless, less is known about trends and determinates of adverse pregnancy outcomes in the Arba Minch zuria and Gacho Baba districts in southern Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to fill these gaps in the study setting.

Methods
An open, dynamic cohort study design was employed among 8885 pregnancies from 2018 to 2022, health and demographic surveillance data were involved. Data to be collected at Arba Minch Health and Demographic Surveillance Site (HDSS) using a structured questionnaire. A log-binomial regression model was used to identify determinates. A P-value of less than 0.05 was considered to declare a statistically significant association.

Results
In this study, the overall adverse pregnancy outcomes were 8.89 per 1000 live births [95%CI: 6.93, 10.84]. The stillbirth and abortion rates were 5.74 per 1000 live births (95%CI: 4.36, 7.54) and 3.15 per 1000 live births [95%CI: 1.97, 4.02], respectively. The trends of adverse pregnancy outcomes showed 11.1/1000 in 2018 and 14.1/1000 in 2022. Age > 34 years old (aPPR = 2.93, 95%CI: 1.67, 5.17), antenatal care (aPPR = 0.52, 95%CI: 0.33, 0.83), and history of pregnancy loss (aPPR = 2.68, 95%CI: 1.36, 5.29) were identified as determinates for adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Conclusion
The prevalence of adverse pregnancy outcomes is still high, and trends vary from time to time. As such, attention is needed for the women who had a previous history of pregnancy loss, and addressing those determinants could potentially reduce the rates of stillbirths and abortions, ultimately promoting healthier pregnancies and better pregnancy outcomes.