bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Roles of Pets in Long-Term Care at Home: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Reniers Peter W.A. , Leontjevas Roeslan , Declercq Ine J.N. , Enders-Slegers Marie-Jose , Gerritsen Debby L. , Hediger Karin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background Pets play very important roles for older adults. However, whether the same roles apply to pets of care clients receiving long-term care at home (LTCH) is unclear. This study aimed primarily to explore whether the roles of pets for LTCH-clients who own pets are comparable to the roles of pets for older adults in the general population. Furthermore, we explored potential pet-related problems that might be encountered in LTCH in practice, and the potential influences of pet ownership on caregiving relationships. These insights may help improve long-term care services in LTCH.Methods This project started with a study using the Consensual Qualitative Research method (CQR). We conducted semi-structured interviews based on themes from our previous review (e.g., Relational Aspects, Emotional Aspects, and Social Aspects). Secondly, a LimeSurvey questionnaire was used to confirm the findings from the CQR study by calculating Content Validity Index scores (in SPSS 26) regarding contents, relevance, and clarity. The questionnaire also included open-ended questions on potential pet-related problems and their impact on caregiving relationships for LTCH-clients, family caregivers, and professional caregivers.Results The CQR study found that the roles pets play for LTCH-clients (N = 8), family caregivers (N = 10), and professional caregivers (N = 10) were similar to the roles pets play for older adults in the general population. The LimeSurvey confirmed most of the CQR findings. In the questionnaire, LTCH-clients (N = 4), family caregivers (N = 8), professional caregivers (N = 8), and researchers in human-animal studies and in geriatric care (N = 5) reported various potential problems that could arise from pet ownership by LTCH-clients, such as clients with deteriorating health being forced to part with their pets. Participants also reported potential positive and negative effects of pet ownership on caregiving relationships, such as pets being a nice topic of conversation, or, conversely, a source of disagreement in the LTCH context.Conclusions The roles pets play for LTCH-clients seem comparable to the roles pets play for older adults in the general population. In addition, LTCH-clients might experience pet-related problems specific to the LTCH context. Pets may influence caregiving relationships, either positively or negatively. Therefore, instruments and guidelines are needed to account for pets in LTCH.
Paleobiogeography of the land snail communities of the Middle Miocene silvana-beds of Germany
Authors: Höltke Olaf , Salvador Rodrigo B. , Rasser Michael W. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

The silvana-beds are the main component of the Upper Freshwater Molasse (“Obere Süßwassermolasse” or OSM) in southern Germany, Austria and Switzerland, named after the land snail Palaeotachea silvana (Klein, 1853). After initial disputes in the literature, in the 1920’s, malacologist Wilhelm Wenz better defined the silvana-beds lithology and its three informal subunits based on terrestrial gastropods. The silvana-beds mainly consist of limestone, marl and clay, eventually with sandy components. Despite remaining an informal stratigraphical unit, the silvana-beds is a practical tool for stratigraphic determination in the field and for paleomalacology studies. Information about the land snail communities of the silvana-beds are scattered in the literature and museum collections. Therefore, here we compile all this information and conduct a detailed biogeographic comparison of these localities’ snail faunas, based on similarity indices. For that purpose, all communities (containing at least six terrestrial gastropod species, from a total of 28 localities) within the silvana-beds and the adjoining coeval Bad Urach volcanic region were analyzed, based on four similarity indices and follow-up cluster analyses. The land snail communities of the silvana-beds formed six clusters (defined by ca. 50% similarity) according to the Sørensen-Dice index, five clusters by the Kulczynski and Ochiai indices, and four ones by the Simpson index. Despite some differences in the resulting dendrograms, enough similarity in the clustering was found for a meaningful comparison. The resulting clusters can be largely explained by geographic position, as is the case of the two main groupings recovered, representing the German Bavarian and Baden-Württemberg states. Some inconsistencies in the composition of the clusters might be explained by different stratigraphic positions within the silvana-beds, distinct paleoenvironmental conditions influencing the faunal composition, or the absence of key species.
Territorial gaps on quality of causes of death statistics over the last forty years in Spain
Authors: Cirera Lluís , Bañón Rafael-María , Maeso Sergio , Molina Puri , Ballesta Mónica , Chirlaque María-Dolores , Salmeron Diego 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background. The quality of the statistics on causes of death (CoD) does not present consolidated indicators in literature further than the coding group of ill-defined conditions of the International Classification of Diseases. Our objective was to assess the territorial quality of CoD by reliability of the official mortality statistics in Spain over the years 1980-2019.
Methods. A descriptive epidemiological design of four decades (1980-, 1990-, 2000-, and 2010-2019) by region (18) and sex was implemented. The CoD cases, and adjusted rates and ratios (to all-cause) were assigned by reliability to unspecific and ill-defined quality groups. The regional mortality rates were contrasted to the Spanish median by decade and sex by the Comparative Mortality Ratio (CMR) in a Bayesian perspective. Statistical significance was considered when the CMR did not contain the value 1 in the 95% credible intervals.
Results. Unspecific, ill-defined, and all-cause rates by region and sex have decreased over 1980-2019. Also, the proportion of ill-defined CoD has decreased in both sexes over the decades, but was still prominent in 3 regions. CMR of ill-defined CoD in both sexes exceeded the Spanish median in 3 regions in all decades. In the last decade, the CMR in women significantly exceeded in 5 regions for ill-defined and in 6 regions for unspecific CoD, while the CMR in men exceeded in 4 of the 18 regions, respectively.
Conclusions. The quality of mortality statistics of causes of death has increased over the 40 years in Spain; however, quality gaps still remain across regions. Institutions involved may consider surveilling CoD, and developing a systematic medical post-grade training on death certification.
ASF1 regulates asexual and sexual reproduction in Stemphylium eturmiunum by DJ-1 stimulation of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway
Authors: Wang Shi , Liu Xiaoman , Xiong Chenlin , Gao Susu , Xu Wenmeng , Zhao Lili , Song Chunyan , Liu Xiaoyong , James Timothy Y. , Li Zhuang , Zhang Xiu Guo 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Most fungi display a mixed mating system with both asexual and sexual reproduction. The timing of the two modes of reproduction must be carefully coordinated through signal perception and coordination in the cell along with chromatin modification. Here, we investigated coordination of reproductive output by investigating the function of the histone chaperone anti-silencing factor 1 (ASF1) in a fungal species amenable to characterization of both asexual and sexual reproduction. We used knockout approach to show that SeASF1 influenced asexual and sexual reproduction in S. eturmiunum. SeASF1-deleted strains failed to produce perithecia, but produce abnormal conidia and showed an irregular distribution of nuclei in mycelium. Transcriptome sequencing was then used to identify genes with altered expression in the SeASF1-deleted strains. The screen identified SeDJ-1 that was strongly regulated by SeASF1. The interaction of SeDJ-1 and SeASF1 was confirmed using Y2H, Co-IP, and pull-down. The phosphatidylinositol 3kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) signaling pathway was known to interact with DJ-1 in mammals, and we verified that SePI3K was directly linked to SeDJ-1 and was defined as a coordinator of reproduction. Meanwhile, SeDJ-1 and SePI3K stimulated asexual and sexual activity, respectively, but SePI3K recovered the asexual and sexual development of SeDJ-1 knockout mutants. The SeDJ-1-M6 segment of SeDJ-1 was essential for its interaction with SePI3K and also carried out a critical role in restoring reproduction in the SePI3K knockout mutants, providing a deep understanding of the regulatory mechanism of SeDJ-1 in S. eturmiunum. Summarily, SeASF1 triggers SeDJ-1 to activate SePI3K which is involved in asexual and sexual reproduction in S. eturmiunum. This study revealed that SeASF1 manipulates asexual and sexual reproduction in S. eturmiunum by SeDJ-1 perception of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. These data highlight the deep similarities in coordinating asexual and sexual processes in both fungi and eukaryotes in general.
Effects of miglustat therapy on neurological disorder and survival in early- infantile Niemann-Pick disease type C: a national French retrospective study
Authors: Freihuber Cécile , Dahmani-Rabehi Bahia , Brassier Anaïs , Broué Pierre , Cances Claude , Chabrol Brigitte , Eyer Didier , Labarthe François , Latour Philippe , Levade Thierry , Pichard Samia , Sevin Caroline , Vanier Marie T. , HERON Benedicte 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

BackgroundNiemann-Pick disease type C (NP-C) is a rare neurovisceral lysosomal lipid storage disease characterized by progressive neurodegeneration and premature death. While miglustat can stabilize neurological manifestations in later onset forms of NP-C, its efficacy in the early-infantile neurological form has not been demonstrated. In this observational retrospective study, we compared long-term neurodevelopmental outcome and survival between an untreated and a treated group of early infantile NP-C patients.MethodData available on all NP-C patients with early infantile neurological onset diagnosed in France between 1990 and 2013 were compiled. Patients with incomplete data or who had died from a systemic perinatal, rapidly fatal form were excluded.ResultsTen patients were included in the treated group (year of birth: 2006–2012), and 16 patients in the untreated group [born 1987–2005 (n=15), 2012 (n=1)]. The median age at neurological onset was 9 months (5–18) in the treated group, and 12 months (3–18) in the untreated group (p=0.22). Miglustat therapy was started at a median age of 24.5 months (9–29) and median duration was 30 months (11–56). Gastrointestinal adverse events were reported in 7/10 patients on miglustat. All patients developed loss of psychomotor acquisitions or additional neurological symptoms despite miglustat therapy. The ages of developmental milestones and neurological involvement did not significantly differ between the two groups. Four patients in the untreated group were lost to follow up. The 22 remaining patients had died by the end of the study and no patient survived beyond the age of 7.4 years. The median survival age was 4.42 years in the untreated group and 5.56 years in the treated group; the Kaplan-Meier survival curves were not significantly different (log-rank test: p=0.11).ConclusionsMiglustat allowed no significant long-term neurodevelopmental improvement nor significant increase of survival in patients with early infantile NP-C.
Moral disengagement, self-control and callous-unemotional traits as predictors of cyberbullying : A moderated mediation model
Authors: Li Haojian , Guo Qi , Hall Deborah , Hu Ping 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background Cyberbullying has become more prevalent, more difficult to detect, and more harmful to the victims. Whereas considerable prior work has investigated predictors and consequences of cyberbullying, additional research is needed to better understand the mechanisms by which these factors relate to cyberbullying perpetration and victimization. The goal of the present study was to examine the extent to which the link between individual differences in moral disengagement and cyberbullying perpetration is mediated by low self-control and, if so, whether this mediation effect varies by individuals’ degree of callous-unemotional traits.Method To explore these questions, we collected online survey data from a sample of 860 Chinese internet users aged 18 years old or older.Result As hypothesized, a significant positive relation between moral disengagement and cyberbullying emerged that was mediated by individual differences in self-control. Additionally, evidence of moderated mediation was found. That is, the indirect effect varied by degree of callous-unemotional traits, with a significantly stronger mediation effect (and association between self-control and cyberbullying) for individuals who were relatively higher in callous-unemotional traits.Conclusion We conclude that moral disengagement partially predicts cyberbullying through self-control, while callous-unemotional traits moderate the pathway between self-control and cyberbullying.
Perspectives of Elite Esports Players and Staff Members Regarding the Effects of Esports on Health – a Qualitative Study
Authors: Pereira Ana , Bolling Caroline , Birch Phil , Figueiredo Pedro , Verhagen Evert , Brito João 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: Recently, esports have been argued to impact esports players' health, particularly for those competing at higher levels. Esports are a relatively new phenomenon, and an inside perspective regarding esports players' needs and experiences is essential to promote adequate health support for this population. Thus, in this qualitative study, we explored the perspectives of elite esports players and staff members regarding the effects of esports participation on health. Ten semi-structured interviews were performed with members of the Portuguese FIFA (i.e., FIFA EA Sports®) eFootball National team (i.e., 5 elite electronic football players, 1 world-class electronic football player, 2 coaches, and 2 members of the esports department). Data analysis was undertaken following the principles of thematic analysis.
Results: We identified two major themes: physical health and mental health. Esports-related factors such as gaming, competition, and performance were said to impact mental health, while equipment, facilities, and esports-related sitting time affect physical health. To minimise those risks, six main strategies were suggested: optimising and scheduling esports training, improving lifestyle habits with an emphasis on physical health, having other activities besides esports, getting social support, enhancing facilities and equipment, and getting clinical support, particularly with a mental health professional.
Conclusion: Esports players and staff members are concerned and aware of esports' mental and physical demands. Understanding what esports players need and perceive about their health and their proposed strategies for health promotion might help define and prioritise healthcare needs, which could help players and the broad esports community.
Animal Synchrony and agents’ segregation
Authors: Dunbar Robin I.M. , Schaposnik Laura P. , Hsu Sheryl 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In recent years it has become evident the need of understanding how failure of coordination imposes constraints on the size of stable groups that highly social mammals can live in. We examine here the forces that keep animals together as a herd and others that drive them apart. In particular, different genders have different rates of gut fill, causing them to spend different amounts of time eating and performing other activities. By modeling a group as a set of semi-coupled oscillators on a disc, we show that the members of the group may become less and less coupled until the group devolves and breaks apart.
Optimization and characterization of antileukemic L-asparaginase produced by Fusarium solani endophyte
Authors: Osama Sarah Mohamed , Sherei Moshera El , Al-Mahdy Dalia Adel , Bishr Mokhtar , Salama Osama Mohamed , Raafat Marwa Mahmoud 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

L-asparaginase is an antileukemic enzyme that hydrolyzes L-asparagine into L-aspartic acid and ammonia, causing leukemia cell starvation and apoptosis in susceptible leukemic cell populations. Currently, L-asparaginase obtained from bacterial sources is constrained by several issues, including lesser productivity, stability, selectivity, and higher toxicity. The goal of this study is to provide fungal L-asparaginase with in-vitro effectiveness towards different human carcinomas. L-asparaginase from endophytic Fusarium solani (Gene Bank accession number MW209717) isolated from the roots of the medicinal plant Hedera helix L. was characterized and optimized experimentally for maximum L-asparaginase production in addition to evaluating its subsequent cytotoxicity towards acute monocytic leukemia and human skin fibroblast cell lines. The enzyme production was maximized using potato dextrose media at the 5th and 6th days of fermentation with incubation temperature 30 ℃ with 3% asparagine. Enzyme characterization studies revealed that the enzyme maintained its thermal stability with temperatures up to 60 ℃. Results revealed promising cytotoxic activity against acute monocytic leukemia with IC50 = 3.66 µg/ml with low cytotoxicity against tested normal human skin fibroblast cell line which suggested that it might have selective toxicity, and consequently it could be used as a less toxic alternative to the current formulations.
Rice field purification regulates carp intestinal flora to improve muscle mass
Authors: Zhou Ya , Xiong Yang , He Xianlin , Xue Xiaoshu , Tang Guo , Zhao LiuLan , Liu Qiao , Zhang Chi , Yang Song , Mei Jie 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: To explore the mechanism underlying suitable rice purification time and the resulting regulation of muscle mass in fish raised in rice paddies, 16S rDNA and metabolomics methods were used to perform analyses of intestinal microbial diversity and muscle metabolome in common carp.
Results: There were significant differences in Chao1 and observed OTUs indices between groups C and D and between groups A and E (p< 0.05), and the Shannon indices of Group A were significantly lower than those of groups B, D, and E (p < 0.05). The dominant genera were Cetobacterium, ZOR0006, Romboutsia, Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1, and Pirellulaceae_unclassified. Metabolites that differed between groups were mainly enriched in biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, purine metabolism, glutathione metabolism, and glycerophospholipid metabolism.
Conclusions: In summary, rice purification significantly improved the composition of the intestinal flora of the carp and increased the abundance and diversity of intestinal microorganisms. Rice purification can regulate carp purine metabolism and promote the production of more umami substances such as Guanosine monophosphate (GMP) and can increase muscle mass by inhibiting the production of Hypoxanthine (Hx) and inosine from Inosine-5‘-monophosphate (IMP). Rice field purification improved muscle mass in the carp by increasing the abundance of probiotics in the intestines.
Two-dimensional Animation Film Vision Innovation Based on VR Technology and Markov chain model
Authors: Song Dan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
People have always longed for the virtual world, and the new information technology is also affecting the way people explore the virtual world. Since the emergence of VR technology, the form of entertainment has undergone tremendous changes. This technology has even penetrated into the film industry, causing some two-dimensional movies to be affected. At present, intelligent system technology is widely used in various industries, including aviation, aerospace, medical security and other fields. These fields have relatively high security requirements for intelligent systems, and the requirements will become higher and higher in the future. In order to have a better grasp of the security of the intelligent system, we modeled it and evaluated it through the model. In this research, we established a model of intelligent system by using computer language. This model mainly uses hierarchical modeling and proposes a method for reliability assessment of intelligent systems. In the process of implementation, we used Eclipse to design and formed a basic platform. We can evaluate the reliability of intelligent systems in a relatively short time on this platform, which is simpler than other methods and can save time. The validity of this study can be demonstrated by comparing the performance results with the expected results. Using this platform, we can model and evaluate some instances faster, and the results can be displayed visually. At the same time, we also explored how two-dimensional animated films should change their style.
HPV-L1 capsid protein and human telomerase RNA component gene as markers to predict cervical lesion progression
Authors: Zhang Yan , Li Heyue , Ma Jin , Han Ying , Li Linxia 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the significance of human papillomavirus L1 capsid protein (HPV-L1) and human telomerase RNA (hTERC) gene as markers for predicting the progression of cervical lesions. Patients who underwent cervical cancer screening at the gynecological outpatient department of the Seventh People’s Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from April 2014 to December 2016 were included. The HPV-L1 and hTERC was detected in 356 cases with abnormal cervical cytology or positive high-risk HPV (HR-HPV). The expression of hTERC and HPV-L1 in cervical exfoliated cells can be detected by FISH and immunohistochemistry. Patients with normal cervical histology had a hTERC amplification rate of 7.1%. This rate increased to 12.6% for CIN1, 86.1% for CIN2/3, and 100% for ICC (P < 0.001). Patients with normal cervical histology had a rate of 75.0% of HPV-L1 negative expression. This rate was 35.6% for CIN1, 84.7% for CIN2/3, and 100% for ICC (P < 0.001). The expression of HPV-L1(+) /hTERC(-) was 37.7% for normal, 46.8% for CIN1, 15.6% for CIN2/3, and 0% for ICC (P < 0.001). HPV-L1(-) /hTERC(+) expression was 4.6% in the normal group, 3.4% for CIN1, 63.5% for CIN2/3, and 100% for ICC (P < 0.001). In conclusion, as cervix lesions progress, the expression of hTERC is up-regulated while HPV-L1 is down-regulated. Combined detection of HPV-L1 and hTERC may help to predict the progression of cervical lesions.
Not brushing teeth at night may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease
Authors: Isomura Emiko Tanaka , Suna Shinichiro , Kurakami Hiroyuki , Hikoso Shungo , Uchihashi Toshihiro , Yokota Yusuke , Sakata Yasushi , Tanaka Susumu 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In this study, we investigated whether tooth brushing timing affects cardiovascular disease risk. We enrolled 1,675 patients aged ≥ 20 years who were hospitalized for treatment, examination, or medical treatment. The participants were categorized based on tooth brushing: Group MN (brushing teeth after waking up and at night, n = 409), Group N (brushing teeth at night but not upon waking up, n = 751), Group M (brushing teeth after waking up but not at night, n = 164), and Group None (not brushing teeth at all, n = 259). The participants’ age, sex, smoking history, and follow-up results, was evaluated. Group M had four times as many men as women. Multivariate analysis of cardiovascular events showed significantly higher survival estimates in Group MN (P = 0.021) and Group N (P = 0.004) than those in Group None. Kaplan–Meier analysis of subgroups based on smoking status revealed that smokers in Group None had a significantly worse prognosis for cardiovascular onset events than smokers in other groups; non-smokers in Groups None and M showed a significantly worse prognosis on hospitalization. Our findings are limited to cardiovascular diseases and cannot be generalized to healthy populations. However, we suggest that brushing teeth at night is important for lowering cardiovascular disease risk.