bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reassessing the origin of lentil cultivation in the Pre-Pottery Neolithic of Southwest Asia: new evidence from carbon isotope analysis at Gusir Höyük
Authors: Kabukcu Ceren 
Published: July 2023

AbstractLentils represent the most common pulse crop found in Southwest Asian Neolithic archaeobotanical assemblages. Using carbon isotope determinations and palaeoclimatic modelling this paper investigates variability and change through time in lentil growth habitats at Gusir Höyük, a Pre-Pottery Neolithic habitation site in the Upper Tigris basin of southeast Anatolia dated to the 12th and 11th millennia cal bp. The elevated lentil carbon isotope values from samples dated to ~ 10,500–10,300 cal bp possibly points to greater water availability and the potential onset of lentil cultivation at Gusir Höyük during the Early Pre-Pottery Neolithic B. The paper revisits previous hypotheses about the process and timing of initial lentil domestication in the region through a re-evaluation of materials available from other Neolithic sites in SW Asia. Its findings highlight the important role of wild lentil populations growing in higher-rainfall localities, which may have responded more readily to increasing water availability in the context of early cultivation. It also explores the potential offered by isotopic approaches for detecting early cultivation, highlighting the need for future studies on pulse and cereal crop progenitors in SW Asia and beyond.
Feature subset selection for data and feature streams: a review
Authors: Villa-Blanco Carlos , Bielza Concha , Larrañaga Pedro 
Published: July 2023

AbstractReal-world problems are commonly characterized by a high feature dimensionality, which hinders the modelling and descriptive analysis of the data. However, some of these data may be irrelevant or redundant for the learning process. Different approaches can be used to reduce this information, improving not only the speed of building models but also their performance and interpretability. In this review, we focus on feature subset selection (FSS) techniques, which select a subset of the original feature set without making any transformation on the attributes. Traditional batch FSS algorithms may not be adequate to efficiently handle large volumes of data, either because memory problems arise or data are received in a sequential manner. Thus, this article aims to survey the state of the art of incremental FSS algorithms, which can perform more efficiently under these circumstances. Different strategies are described, such as incrementally updating feature weights, applying information theory or using rough set-based FSS, as well as multiple supervised and unsupervised learning tasks where the application of FSS is interesting.
Measuring healthy ageing: current and future tools
Authors: Silva Nádia , Rajado Ana Teresa , Esteves Filipa , Brito David , Apolónio Joana , Roberto Vânia Palma , Binnie Alexandra , Araújo Inês , Nóbrega Clévio , Bragança José , Castelo-Branco Pedro ,   ALFAScore Consortium, Andrade Raquel P. , Calado Sofia , Faleiro Maria Leonor , Matos Carlos , Marques Nuno , Marreiros Ana , Nzwalo Hipólito , Pais Sandra , Palmeirim Isabel , Simão Sónia , Joaquim Natércia , Miranda Rui , Pêgas António , Sardo Ana 
Published: July 2023

AbstractHuman ageing is a complex, multifactorial process characterised by physiological damage, increased risk of age-related diseases and inevitable functional deterioration. As the population of the world grows older, placing significant strain on social and healthcare resources, there is a growing need to identify reliable and easy-to-employ markers of healthy ageing for early detection of ageing trajectories and disease risk. Such markers would allow for the targeted implementation of strategies or treatments that can lessen suffering, disability, and dependence in old age. In this review, we summarise the healthy ageing scores reported in the literature, with a focus on the past 5 years, and compare and contrast the variables employed. The use of approaches to determine biological age, molecular biomarkers, ageing trajectories, and multi-omics ageing scores are reviewed. We conclude that the ideal healthy ageing score is multisystemic and able to encompass all of the potential alterations associated with ageing. It should also be longitudinal and able to accurately predict ageing complications at an early stage in order to maximize the chances of successful early intervention.
Implementation studio: implementation support program to build the capacity of rural community health educators serving immigrant communities to implement evidence-based cancer prevention and control interventions
Authors: Ko Linda K. , Vu Thuy , Bishop Sonia , Leeman Jennifer , Escoffery Cam , Winer Rachel L. , Duran Miriana C. , Masud Manal , Rait Yaniv 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Rural community-based organizations (CBOs) serving immigrant communities are critical settings for implementing evidence-based interventions (EBIs). The Implementation Studio is a training and consultation program focused on facilitating the selection, adaptation, and implementation of cancer prevention and control EBIs. This paper describes implementation and evaluation of the Implementation Studio on CBO’s capacity to implement EBIs and their clients’ knowledge of colorectal cancer (CRC) screening and intention to screen.

Methods
Thirteen community health educators (CHEs) from two CBOs participated in the Implementation Studio. Both CBOs selected CRC EBIs during the Studio. The evaluation included two steps. The first step assessed the CHEs’ capacity to select, adapt, and implement an EBI. The second step assessed the effect of the CHEs-delivered EBIs on clients’ knowledge of CRC and intention to screen (n = 44).

Results
All CHEs were Hispanic and women. Pre/post-evaluation of the Studio showed an increase on CHEs knowledge about EBIs (pre: 23% to post: 75%; p < 0.001). CHEs’ ability to select, adapt, and implement EBIs also increased, respectively: select EBI (pre: 21% to post: 92%; p < 0.001), adapt EBI (pre: 21% to post: 92%; p < 0.001), and implement EBI (pre: 29% to post: 75%; p = 0.003). Pre/post-evaluation of the CHE-delivered EBI showed an increase on CRC screening knowledge (p < 0.5) and intention to screen for CRC by their clients.

Conclusion
Implementation Studio can address unique needs of low resource rural CBOs. An implementation support program with training and consultation has potential to build the capacity of rural CBOs serving immigrant communities to implementation of cancer prevention and control EBIs. Clinical Trials Registration Number: NCT04208724 registered.
How circulating tumor cluster biology contributes to the metastatic cascade: from invasion to dissemination and dormancy
Authors: Nasr Mostafa M , Lynch Conor C 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCirculating tumor cells (CTCs) are known to be prognostic for metastatic relapse and are detected in patients as solitary cells or cell clusters. Circulating tumor cell clusters (CTC clusters) have been observed clinically for decades and are of significantly higher metastatic potential compared to solitary CTCs. Recent studies suggest distinct differences in CTC cluster biology regarding invasion and survival in circulation. However, differences regarding dissemination, dormancy, and reawakening require more investigations compared to solitary CTCs. Here, we review the current state of CTC cluster research and consider their clinical significance. In addition, we discuss the concept of collective invasion by CTC clusters and molecular evidence as to how cluster survival in circulation compares to that of solitary CTCs. Molecular differences between solitary and clustered CTCs during dormancy and reawakening programs will also be discussed. We also highlight future directions to advance our current understanding of CTC cluster biology.
A surrogate-assisted uncertainty-aware Bayesian validation framework and its application to coupling free flow and porous-medium flow
Authors: Mohammadi Farid , Eggenweiler Elissa , Flemisch Bernd , Oladyshkin Sergey , Rybak Iryna , Schneider Martin , Weishaupt Kilian 
Published: July 2023

AbstractExisting model validation studies in geoscience often disregard or partly account for uncertainties in observations, model choices, and input parameters. In this work, we develop a statistical framework that incorporates a probabilistic modeling technique using a fully Bayesian approach to perform a quantitative uncertainty-aware validation. A Bayesian perspective on a validation task yields an optimal bias-variance trade-off against the reference data. It provides an integrative metric for model validation that incorporates parameter and conceptual uncertainty. Additionally, a surrogate modeling technique, namely Bayesian Sparse Polynomial Chaos Expansion, is employed to accelerate the computationally demanding Bayesian calibration and validation. We apply this validation framework to perform a comparative evaluation of models for coupling a free flow with a porous-medium flow. The correct choice of interface conditions and proper model parameters for such coupled flow systems is crucial for physically consistent modeling and accurate numerical simulations of applications. We develop a benchmark scenario that uses the Stokes equations to describe the free flow and considers different models for the porous-medium compartment and the coupling at the fluid–porous interface. These models include a porous-medium model using Darcy’s law at the representative elementary volume scale with classical or generalized interface conditions and a pore-network model with its related coupling approach. We study the coupled flow problems’ behaviors considering a benchmark case, where a pore-scale resolved model provides the reference solution. With the suggested framework, we perform sensitivity analysis, quantify the parametric uncertainties, demonstrate each model’s predictive capabilities, and make a probabilistic model comparison.
Towards more sustainable higher education institutions: Implementing the sustainable development goals and embedding sustainability into the information and computer technology curricula
Authors: Angelaki Maria Eftychia , Bersimis Fragkiskos , Karvounidis Theodoros , Douligeris Christos 
Published: July 2023

AbstractLately, there has been a rising trend towards integrating sustainability issues and implementing sustainable development (SD) goals into higher education, especially in the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) field. This paper presents the challenges of the introduction of education for sustainability in higher education institutions, analyzes how these challenges could be addressed, and records the essential principles that can guide the incorporation of SD education in higher education. At the same time, this paper advocates the concept of sustainability integration into undergraduate ICT curricula and provides indications for developing ICT curricula that integrate sustainability issues. This paper also examines the contribution of education to the environmental awareness of the students at a Greek University while it captures their perceptions regarding the necessity for the inclusion of sustainability in the ICT curricula. The results are based on the processing of two questionnaires (pre-test and post-test data) distributed during two lectures regarding sustainability at a two-week interval. The findings of the study prove that the direct effect of the educational intervention on the intention of the students to engage in sustainability is significant. Furthermore, it is observed that students show a positive attitude towards integrating sustainability issues into their ICT education. In addition, although students had a deficient level of understanding of the concept of SD goals before the intervention, they showed a significant increment in their previous knowledge regarding sustainability and the environmental impact of ICT studies. The research also reveals that the students are not satisfied with the engagement of the university towards sustainability, and they propose various awareness activities to support their engagement with sustainability issues in an inclusive manner.
The effects of mid-to-late Pliocene climatic fluctuations on the habitat and distribution of early hominins
Authors: Trájer A. J. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe climatic fluctuations of the Pliocene played a substantial role in the emergence ofHomoandParanthropus. I studied the climatic suitability and affinity of hominins in Africa to understand how the regional effects of global climatic alternations influenced their occurrence in the mid-late Pliocene epoch. The modelled climatic suitability values indicate the existence of three potential main ranges in the continent. Late Pliocene climatic changes might result in notably fluctuating habitability conditions in the North, Central East, and Southern Africa. In the Afar Region, the range of the changing suitability values was narrower than in the other regions. Therefore, it can be assumed thatAustralopithecus afarensismight be more resistant to climatic fluctuations than the others.Graphical Abstract
Understanding career-designing experiences of North Korean immigrant youths in South Korea
Authors: Shin Yun-Jeong , Yoon Hyo-Jung , Kang Yoojin , Choi Allis J. , Konuk Ayşe Işılay , Jun Jooram , Ji Eun 
Published: July 2023

AbstractNorth Korean immigrant youth are underrepresented in career development research fields. We explored contextual factors that work as resources or hindrances to obtaining adequate education and exploring career paths in addition to the unfilled psychological needs they want to fill in through securing decent work. By analyzing the interview with 12 participants, we found three domains with 17 categories. The main hindering factors were the difference in language, academic curriculum, and lack of career information. Resources included increased self-understanding, social support, and past work or educational experience. Lastly, psychological needs were the sense of autonomy, economic stability, and social recognition.
Underlying Factors Influencing the Quality of Online EFL Teaching in Higher Education: An Iranian Case Study
Authors: Konuralp Hilmiye , Topping Keith J. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to uncover hidden factors influencing online teaching in Iran. In-depth semi-structured virtual interviews were conducted to understand English as a Foreign Language teachers' perceptions of online teaching in a state university located in an economically deprived province of the country. Data were analysed thematically, resulting in a number of sub-themes representing both benefits and drawbacks. In turn, the sub-themes were grouped under the following major themes; the impact other of the sudden transition to online education, financial influences, technology influences, and teacher self-efficacy. Despite the advantages of online teaching, there were a number of identified challenges, some beyond teachers' control, and some within. No evidence was found of interventions aimed at reducing the impacts of the challenges. Economic sanctions, strict restrictions on online activities, and technological limitations made effective online teaching extremely difficult, therefore demonstrating that shifts in government policy and resourcing, plus innovative methods of teaching and digital interventions, were needed.
A Longitudinal Study of Stress During Pregnancy, Children’s Sleep and Polygenic Risk for Poor Sleep in the General Pediatric Population
Authors: Kocevska Desana , Schuurmans Isabel K. , Cecil Charlotte A. M. , Jansen Pauline W. , van Someren Eus J. W. , Luik Annemarie I. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractEarly life stress is robustly associated with poor sleep across life. Preliminary studies suggest that these associations may begin already in utero. Here, we study the longitudinal associations of prenatal psychosocial stress with sleep across childhood, and assess whether prenatal stress interacts with genetic liability for poor sleep.The study is embedded in the Generation R population-based birth cohort. Caregivers reported on prenatal psychosocial stress (life events, contextual, parental or interpersonal stressors) and on children’s sleep at ages 2 months, 1.5, 2, 3 and 6 years. The study sample consisted of 4,930 children; polygenic risk scores for sleep traits were available in 2,063.Prenatal stress was consistently associated with more sleep problems across assessments. Effect sizes ranged from small (B = 0.21, 95%CI: 0.14;0.27) at 2 months to medium (B = 0.45, 95%CI: 0.38;0.53) at 2 years. Prenatal stress was moreover associated with shorter sleep duration at 2 months (Bhrs = -0.22, 95%CI: -0.32;-0.12) and at 2 years (Bhrs = -0.04, 95%CI -0.07; -0.001), but not at 3 years (Bhrs = 0.02, 95%CI: -0.02;0.06). Prenatal negative life events interacted with polygenic risk for insomnia to exacerbate sleep problems at 6 years (Binteraction = 0.07, 95%CI: 0.02;0.13).Psychosocial stress during pregnancy has negative associations with children’s sleep that persist across childhood, and are exacerbated by genetic liability for insomnia. Associations with sleep duration were more pronounced in infancy and seem to attenuate with age. These findings highlight the role of the prenatal environment for developing sleep regulation, and could inform early intervention programs targeting sleep in children from high-risk pregnancies.
Follicular steroidogenesis in random start protocols for oocyte cryopreservation
Authors: Galati Giulia , Somigliana Edgardo , Ciaffaglione Marta , Reschini Marco , Serra Nicole , Sanzani Elena , Viganò Paola , Polledri Elisa , Fustinoni Silvia , Muzii Ludovico , Filippi Francesca 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Random start protocols are commonly used for oocyte cryopreservation in women with cancer. However, albeit generally reassuring, available evidence is still insufficient to rule out a sub-optimal cycle outcome. This study aimed to compare follicular steroidogenesis between women initiating the random start protocol in the luteal phase and those initiating in the follicular phase.

Methods
Consecutive women with cancer scheduled for oocyte cryostorage were prospectively recruited. We excluded those requiring a concomitant letrozole assumption. All women received a standardized protocol with recombinant FSH and GnRH antagonists. At the time of oocyte retrieval, follicular fluids were pooled, and a sample was collected and frozen at −80 °C. All samples were assayed concomitantly after thawing by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The concentration of 15 different steroid hormones was determined.

Results
Seventy-one women were recruited. Thirty-three initiated the ovarian stimulation in the luteal phase, while the remaining 38 initiated in the follicular phase. Baseline characteristics were generally similar. Cycle outcome did also not differ; the median (interquartile range) number of frozen mature oocytes was 9 (5–14) and 10 (5–21), respectively (p = 0.42). None of the 15 tested steroid hormones differed.

Conclusions
The endocrine microenvironment surrounding oocytes is not markedly influenced by the phase of the menstrual cycle at the initiation of ovarian stimulation. This result further supports the validity of random start protocols.
Principal Eigenvalue and Landscape Function of the Anderson Model on a Large Box
Authors: Sánchez-Mendoza Daniel 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe state a precise formulation of a conjecture concerning the product of the principal eigenvalue and the sup-norm of the landscape function of the discrete Anderson model restricted to a large box. We first provide the asymptotic of the principal eigenvalue as the size of the box grows, and then use it to give a partial proof of the conjecture. For the one dimensional case, we give a complete proof by means of Green function bounds.
Heuristic sequencing methods for time optimal tracking of nested, open and closed paths
Authors: Zauner Christian , Gattringer Hubert , Müller Andreas , Jörgl Matthias 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTracking sequences of predefined open and closed paths is of crucial interest for applications like laser cutting and similar production processes. The disconnected paths are connected by non-productive, four times continuously differentiable trajectories, which also account for the overall process time. Heuristic methods are applied in order to find a proper sequencing of the open and closed path and thereby minimize the overall process time while respecting constraints given by the system limits. To this end, the exact traversing times of the non-productive linking trajectories are computed, which also have to be time optimal subject to the system limits. While problems with only closed paths present can be formulated as travelling salesman problem, handling open and nested paths introduce additional constraints. Two heuristic algorithms for travelling salesman problems are extended for open path processing and compared with respect to solution quality and calculation time using randomly generated problems. Finally, problems with nested cutting path structures are addressed by extending the heuristic algorithm with the best performance to account for the precedence constraints, associated with these nested structures.
Synchronization measurement based on Poincaré’s sphere
Authors: Ochs Karlheinz , Al Beattie Bakr 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSynchronization is an important phenomenon occurring in many complex systems, such as neural networks, power grids, or social networks. Various methods have been proposed to measure synchronization, each with its advantages and limitations. In this work, we introduce the Poincaré sphere as a generalized measure of synchronization, which provides a useful tool to visualize the similarities between oscillations. We propose the notion of “total synchronization,” which considers amplitude, frequency, and phase synchronization, all of which can be measured and visualized simultaneously on the Poincaré sphere. We show that visualizing oscillatory trajectories on the Poincaré sphere has advantages over the more typical two-dimensional representation, particularly in cases where a projection onto a two-dimensional space cannot capture the similarities between different oscillations. Furthermore, we apply this new synchronization measurement to linear and nonlinear oscillators and provide two concrete examples of its application in visualizing phase jitter in noisy oscillations and quantizing solutions of oscillator-based Ising machines. Our work demonstrates the usefulness of the Poincaré sphere as a generalized measure of synchronization and provides a new perspective on studying synchronization in complex systems.
A longitudinal experiment examining the joint effects of social, dimensional, and temporal comparisons on self- and external assessments of students’ abilities
Authors: Wolff Fabian 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis study examined the joint effects of social comparisons (comparisons of one’s own achievements with those of others), dimensional comparisons (comparisons of one’s own achievements in different domains), and temporal comparisons (comparisons of one’s own achievements across time) on students’ ability assessments. For the first time a longitudinal experiment, using N = 411 students from German universities, was conducted to examine these comparison effects on students’ own self-concepts, their inferred self-concepts of a peer, and their own assessments of a peer’s abilities in the figural and verbal domains. As expected, significant social and dimensional comparison effects on the different kinds of ability ratings were found. However, contrary to assumptions, most temporal comparison effects were nonsignificant. The social comparison effects were stronger than the dimensional and temporal comparison effects. Moreover, the social comparison effects were stronger, while one dimensional comparison effect was weaker, when students assessed their peers’ abilities, rather than inferring the self-concepts of their peers.