bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel integrated monitoring method for MPPF capacitor and IGBT junction temperature of half‐bridge modules
Authors: Zhang Wuyu , Qi Lei , Zhang Xiangyu , Ji Bing , Cui Xiang 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCapacitance and Insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) junction temperature are two critical healthy parameters for modular multilevel converters (MMC) sub‐modules (SMs) condition monitoring. This paper proposes an integrated monitoring method for capacitance degradation and IGBT junction temperature variation. By measuring multiple characteristics of the same port voltage, the capacitance and the junction temperature can be obtained simultaneously, which greatly simplifies the measurement unit required for condition evaluation and realizes the submodule‐level condition monitoring at a lower cost. The capacitance is characterized by voltage changes during capacitor discharging and the junction temperature is monitored by capacitor voltage overshoot (peak value) during IGBT turn‐off. Theoretical analysis and experimental results verify the effectiveness of the proposed method and articulated the influence of load current, SM capacitor pre‐discharge voltage, and junction temperature. Moreover, an online data‐acquisition circuit for time‐specific capacitor voltage characterization is devised.
Investigation of the effects of Bipolar Radiofrequency Energy on the Structural Morphology of Dental Plaque
Authors: Amaechi Bennett T. , Mohseni Sahar , Dillow Andrew M. , Abdul Azees Parveez Ahamed , Movaghari Pour Fatemeh , Kataoka Yuko , Restrepo Maria Camila 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objectives To investigate the effects of radiofrequency (RF) energy, applied through a power toothbrush, on the structural morphology of dental plaque and its bacteria components. Previous studies showed that a toothbrush powered by RF (ToothWave) effectively reduces extrinsic tooth stains, plaque, and calculus. However, the mechanism by which it reduces dental plaque deposits is not fully established.
Materials and Methods Multispecies plaques at sampling time points of 24, 48, and 72 hours were treated with the application of RF using ToothWave with the toothbrush bristles 1 mm above the plaque surface. Groups that underwent the same protocol but without RF treatment served as paired controls. Confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) was used to determine cell viability at each time point. Plaque morphology and bacteria ultrastructure were viewed using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM), respectively.
Statistical Analysis Data were analyzed statistically using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Bonferroni post-tests.
Results At each time, RF treatment significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the viable cells in plaque and caused a substantial disruption of plaque morphology, while the untreated plaque had intact morphology. Cells in treated plaques showed disrupted cell walls, cytoplasmic material, huge vacuoles, and heterogeneity in electron density, while these organelles remained intact in untreated plaques.
Conclusion The application of RF via a power toothbrush can disrupt plaque morphology and kill bacteria. These effects were enhanced by the combined application of RF and toothpaste.
Deciphering the Patterns of Dual Primary Cases Registered at the Hospital-Based Cancer Registry: First Experience from Rural Cancer Center in North India
Authors: Sancheti Sankalp , Goel Alok Kumar , Singla Anshul , Chauhan Kuldeep Singh , Arora Kiran , Chaudhary Debashish , Dora Tapas , Tahlan Shweta , Kadam Prithviraj , Joshi Prachi , Sali Akash , Brar Rahatdeep Singh , Budukh Atul , Gulia Ashish , Divatia Jigeeshu Vasishtha , Badwe Rajendra 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objectives The objective is to present the patterns of dual primary malignancies diagnosed at the Pathology Laboratory of Cancer Hospital with the support from hospital-based cancer registry (HBCR), Sangrur, Punjab, India for the years 2018 and 2019.
Methods HBCR abstracts data from electronic medical records. Trained cancer registry staff abstracts cases in standard pro forma. Dual primary was coded as per the International Agency for Research on Cancer rule and was rechecked by the pathologist.
Statistical Analysis Data about multiple primary was entered and documented in an Excel sheet. Time interval was calculated by subtracting the date of diagnosis for second primary and first primary.
Results A total of 6,933 cases were registered, 45 cases are dual primary (26 females, 19 males) of which 64.4% are synchronous and 35.6% metachronous cases. Seventy-nine percent received cancer-directed treatment for synchronous and 87% for metachronous. The most common sites of the primary tumor were breast (33%), head and neck (22.2%), gynecological sites (11%), prostate (9%), esophagus (4%), and remaining other tumors (20.8%). Most common sites for second malignancies were gastrointestinal (GI) tract (31%), gynecological sites (18%), head and neck (16%), hematological malignancies (7%), soft tissue sarcoma (4%), breast (2%), and other sites (22%).
Conclusion More than 70% of cases of primary tumors were in breast, head and neck, gynecological, and prostate. Of these, more than 60% of the second malignancy was found in the GI tract, gynecological, and head and neck sites. Around two-thirds of dual tumors are synchronous. Breast cancer cases have higher incidence of second malignancy. Regular follow-up is necessary to assess the survival of the second primary.
Implications of war on the food, beverage, and tobacco industry in South Korea
Authors: Bhadra Madhusmita , Gul M. Junaid , Choi Gyu Sang 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe Food, Beverage & Tobacco (F&B) industry is an essential sector in the competitive economy. Procurement of production factors mainly depends on sales forecasting and the supply chain of raw materials. However, the conflict between Russia and Ukraine has jeopardized the global supply chain. As the conflict worsened, the world faced a food crisis, which was already a significant challenge due to the Covid-19 pandemic. Understanding how conflict-related disruptions in global food markets might affect the stock return of the F&B industry of South Korea, this study forecasts the stock returns on the KOSDAQ F&B sector. This paper highlights that the conflict resulted in immediate and far-reaching consequences on the global food supply chain and future crop harvesting in South Korea. As numerous algorithms have been widely used in predicting stock market returns, we use Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model for the prediction. Using daily returns from the KOSDAQ F&B industry from January 1999 to October 2022, the study proposes an ARIMA (2,2,3) model to forecast future movements of the stock returns. With an RMSE of 0.012, the prediction performance holds good using the ARIMA model. The results show a negative trend observed in the F&B sector returns for a few months, implying that sector stock returns decline as the conflict between Russia and Ukraine becomes more pronounced. This study also suggests that South Korea has massive scope to stabilize the demand for healthy, safe food, give more attention to domestic agribusiness, and make itself a self-sufficient agri-economy.
The Spanish population’s interest in climate change based on Internet searches
Authors: Álvarez-García Olaya , Sureda-Negre Jaume , Comas-Forgas Rubén , Oliver-Trobat Miquel F. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe climate crisis is one of the most important global problems facing humanity. Analyzing the search for information on climate change (CC) on the internet can be a predictor of public interest in this problem and, therefore, of the degree of concern exhibited by citizens. This study analyzes the interest in CC among the Spanish population and identifies some variables that may influence this interest. The methodology involves the collection and analysis of data obtained from SEMrush and Google Analytics. We analyzed the search trends of four key descriptors related to CC (“climate change,” “global warming,” “climate emergency” and “greenhouse effect”) during two periods of time, and the relationship between these searches and three relational variables (volume of news in the media, occurrence of extreme weather events and CC-related events). The results indicate that the Spanish population’s interest in CC via the Internet has increased in recent years and is directly influenced by variables such as media coverage of CC, events related to CC, and social pressure exerted by social movements for CC. Some proposals are discussed and presented in relation to the concern for this problem.
Durable Ni3N porous nanosheets array for non-noble metal methanol oxidation reaction
Authors: Zhang Wanying , Rafiq Madiha , Lu Jingcheng , Woldu Abebe Reda , Zhou Jianhong , Xia Hong , Chu Paul K. , Hu Liangsheng , Lu Fushen 
Published: May 2023

Direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) are energy carriers with a significant high energy density, easy implementation, a low operating temperature, and a convenient methanol fuel storage, rendering them a reasonable alternative for portable applications. However, there are several substantial barriers to the widespread use of DMFCs that must be addressed. Noble metal-based catalysts have long been regarded as outstanding electrocatalysts for fuel cells, but their high cost and low durability have kept them from becoming widely used. Nickel-based electrocatalysts are possible replacements for expensive noble metal catalysts owing to their low price, high durability, and remarkable surface oxidation properties. Herein, we develop an incredibly active and remarkably stable electrocatalyst for the methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) via a simple hydrothermal method coupled with nitridation to prepare highly porous Ni3N nanosheets arrays supported by nickel foam (NF) substrate. The in situ growth of highly porous nanosheets on NF (NSAs/NF) exposes more active sites and allows fast charge/mass transfer, creating synergistic effects between Ni3N and NF. As a result, the strong interaction between Ni3N and NF prevents leaching and renders the catalyst highly stable for over 20 h with a 72.58% retention rate, making it among the best retention rates reported recently for comparable Ni-based catalysts. Based on these findings, nickel nitride appears to be an excellent electrocatalyst for fuel cell applications.
‘Easy Language’ for migrants in France
Authors: Canut Emmanuelle , Fuchs Julia , Delahaie Juliette , Husianycia Magali , Torres Olivier 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
One of the target groups of Easy Language, a comprehensibility enhanced variety of a natural language, are
migrants who have difficulties with the standard language of the host country. However, regarding French Easy Language,
evidence-based linguistic criteria are lacking. Therefore, the present study aims at elaborating suitable linguistic criteria for
French Easy Language intended for low-literate migrants. We asked 87 migrants in France to read four texts, two original and two
rewritten according to specific criteria, and to answer several comprehension questions presented in a questionnaire. The score of
correctly answered questions is significantly higher in the case of the rewritten texts. The article discusses the implications of
this result in the context of Easy Language research and gives an outlook on current research desiderata.
Boundaries of belonging
Authors: Ganuza Natalia , Rydell Maria 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This article uses contemporary Swedish fiction to explore sociolinguistic phenomena, and argues that literature constitutes an important arena for studying the (re)production and circulation of sociolinguistic experiences and ideas at a particular time and place. It builds on qualitative analysis of 65 Swedish books, published between 2000 and 2020, which depict protagonists with multilingual and migrant backgrounds. The study examines patterns of repetition in these works of fiction. It foregrounds recurring sociolinguistic experiences that are made relevant in the depiction of the fictional characters’ lives, and how they are emotionally interpreted. The analysis shows that the narrated experiences are often told and organized in similar ways and they tend to use the same social images of speakers to highlight processes of boundary-making and social differentiation. Language is used as an important part of the entextualization of these social experiences. For example, the authors often depict “the immigrant” and “the Swede” as binary opposites, which are linked to certain typical forms of speaking and being. By way of repetition, we argue, these recurring fictional experiences contribute to the formation of a grander narrative about language, belonging and social boundary-making in contemporary Sweden, and to the construction of Sweden as a society that is increasingly segregated and stratified.
Elevational deixis in the Kiranti verb
Authors: Jacques Guillaume , Lahaussois Aimée 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis article deals with elevational deixis in Kiranti languages, a feature which is pervasive in these languages in both the verbal and nominal domains. The system of elevation is described in most grammars of these languages as tripartite, following the typologically common system comprising up(wards), same level/across, down(wards) elevations.This work reviews the available data on elevational deixis in the verbal system, and has two main contributions. First, it shows that motion verbs unspecified for elevation are an essential part of the elevation marking paradigm, and are obligatory in some specific elevational configurations. Second, it argues that on the one hand elevationally marked motion verbs are cognate as whole sets across Kiranti, and probably reconstructible to proto-Kiranti and beyond, and on the other hand that a subgroup of Kiranti including Chintang, Athpare, Belhare and Yamphu have innovated a second set of elevationally-marked motion verbs.
Novel high-speed monolithic silicon detector for particle physics
Authors: Trifonova E. , Caselle M. , Ehrler F. , Elsenhans A.F. , Iacobucci G. , Kopmann A. , Paolozzi L. , Patil M.M. , Perić I. , Weber M. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This contribution presents simulation results, implementation, and first tests of a
monolithic detector developed at KIT. It consists of a sensor diode tightly integrated with an
analogue front-end based on SiGe (Silicon-Germanium) SG13G2 130 nm BiCMOS technology produced at
the Leibniz Institute for High Performance Microelectronics (IHP). The pixel size is
100 μm × 100 μm, and the nwell charge collection node dimensions were reduced
to 10 μm × 10 μm. We investigate the influence of this approach on sensor
performance, spatial resolution via charge sharing and timing behaviour.
Collagen-mesenchymal stem cell spheroids in suspension promote high adipogenic capacity
Authors: Moreno-Castellanos Natalia , Cuartas-Gómez Elías , Vargas-Ceballos Oscar 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) represent a unique and promising platform because of their ability to promote soft tissue regeneration, particularly their ability to differentiate into adipocytes, which are important for adipose tissue regeneration. In this context, type I collagen is the most abundant extracellular matrix component of adipose tissue and can act as a natural spheroid source to support the differentiation process of stem cells. However, spheroids based on collagen and hMSCs without numerous pro-adipogenic factors that can induce adipogenesis have not yet been investigated. In this study, we focused on developing collagen-hMSC spheroids capable of differentiating into adipocyte-like cells in a short time (eight culture days) without adipogenic factors, with potential applications in adipose tissue repair. The physical and chemical properties of the spheroids indicated successful cross-linking of collagen. Upon spheroid development, stability, cell viability, and metabolic activity of the constructs were maintained. During adipogenesis, cell morphology shows significant changes, in which cells change from a fibroblast-like shape to an adipocyte-like shape, and adipogenic gene expression after eight days of cell culture. These results support the utility of collagen-hMSC 3 mg ml−1 collagen concentration spheroids to differentiate into adipocyte-like cells in a short time without adverse effects on biocompatibility, metabolic activity, or cell morphology, suggesting that this construct may be used in soft tissue engineering.
Microclimate complexity in temperate grasslands: implications for conservation and management under climate change
Authors: Bernath-Plaisted Jacy S , Ribic Christine A , Hills W Beckett , Townsend Philip A , Zuckerberg Benjamin 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
As climate change advances, there is a need to examine climate conditions at scales that are ecologically relevant to species. While microclimates in forested systems have been extensively studied, microclimates in grasslands have received little attention despite the climate vulnerability of this endangered biome. We employed a novel combination of iButton temperature and humidity measurements, fine-scale spatial observations of vegetation and topography collected by unpiloted aircraft system, and gridded mesoclimate products to model microclimate anomalies in temperate grasslands. We found that grasslands harbored diverse microclimates and that primary productivity (as represented by normalized difference vegetation index), canopy height, and topography were strong spatial drivers of these anomalies. Microclimate heterogeneity is likely of ecological importance to grassland organisms seeking out climate change refugia, and thus there is a need to consider microclimate complexity in the management and conservation of grassland biodiversity.
Synthesis of V2O5-MgO/TiO2 mixed oxide nanocomposites for photocatalytic treatment of CO in vehicle exhaust emissions
Authors: Mai Van Tien , Doan Thi Oanh , Pham Binh , Le Thi Trinh , Duong Thi Thuy , Pham Ba Viet Anh 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Photocatalytic nanotechnology is one of the techniques that brings many new breakthroughs since it possesses high potential for the supply of clean energy and the degradation of persistent organic pollutants in the environment. The drawback of photocatalytic materials such as TiO2, ZnO, V2O5 is the activation only under ultraviolet light. To extend the applicability of photocatalytic nanomaterials to a visible light region, recent research has focused on the modification of semiconducting photocatalysts. In this study, V2O5-MgO/TiO2 mixed oxide nanocomposites were synthesised via a sol-gel method by using polyvinyl alcohol as a gelling agent. The basic structural characteristics of nanocomposites were determined by analytical techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), BET, energy dispersive x-ray (EDX), x-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared (IR) and ultraviolet-visible (UV–vis) spectroscopy. The results obtained from EDX and XRD analyses indicate that V2O5 and MgO particles with a size between 14.5 and 21.3 nm were formed and uniformly dispersed in TiO2 phases. Moreover, the effects of oxide weight ratios, illuminating conditions and reaction time on the photocatalytic activity of the nanocomposites were investigated via CO conversion with the input CO concentrations of 8000 ppm. Significantly, the V2O5-MgO/TiO2 nanocomposites were used for treating CO in motorcycle exhaust fumes. The efficiency of the process reached 82% for 10 min, indicating the potential applicability of the V2O5-MgO/TiO2 nanocomposites for the CO treatment of industrial emissions.
The investigation of wear properties of nanoparticle-reinforced epoxy composite material surfaces
Authors: Apay Serkan , Kilinçel Mert 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This study added nano-sized Al2O3, Boron, and TiO2 powders to the epoxy polymer at 0.5% and 1% ratios. Abrasive wear resistance properties of nanoparticle-reinforced epoxy polymers were investigated. First cylindrical specimens with and without additives were prepared for realizing the experimental research. Pin-on discs were used for the wear test of epoxy samples. The mass losses were measured via a precision scale. According to the results, the boron nanoparticles have increased the epoxy specimens’ resistance. As a result of the experimental studies, it was observed that the wear resistance of the epoxy composite increased with each nano-sized powder added to the epoxy. SEM and optical profilometry investigated the composites’ friction coefficient and surface morphology. As a result of friction coefficient and wear weight loss tests, the highest wear resistance was obtained in 1% boron powder nano-reinforced epoxy composites. It was observed that the epoxy friction coefficient was in the range of 0.4–0.6, which decreased to the range of 0.2–0.4 with the addition of nano boron. The surface roughness value after epoxy wear was measured as 1.4 μm. With the addition of nano boron, this value was measured as 0.32 μm. Optical profilometry and SEM imaging results also support these values.
Spatial distributions of stranded fossil asset costs and benefits from climate change mitigation
Authors: Yang Haozhe , Meng Kyle C , Suh Sangwon 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
A global 2 °C climate target is projected to generate significant economic benefits. However, the presence of fossil fuel assets that are stranded as a consequence of climate change mitigation could complicate cost-benefit considerations at the country level. Here, we quantify the spatial distribution of stranded asset costs (SAC) together with that of the GDP benefits of climate mitigation (BCM). Under a 2 °C scenario, global total SAC is $19 trillion while global BCM is $63 trillion by 2050. At the country level, the sign of a country’s net benefit, the difference between BCM and SAC, is largely determined by the sign of its BCM. Net benefits are broadly positive across subtropical and tropical countries where high baseline temperatures imply GDP damage from climate change and negative across temperate countries where low baseline temperatures imply GDP gains. Notably, even major fossil fuel producers such as India, China, USA, and Saudi Arabia are projected to receive positive net benefits from a 2 °C scenario by 2050. Overall, 95% of global net benefit will be borne by low and lower-middle income countries. These results could inform the geopolitics of global climate change cooperation in the decades to come.
Compensation of emulated atmospheric disturbance and tracking of a moving object by a real-time digital phase conjugate mirror using a liquid crystal spatial light modulator
Authors: Kawakami Kotomi , Nakagawa Tomoya , Tanaka Hiroto , Okamura Hideki 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
We developed a fast-response digital phase conjugate mirror using a 700 Hz high-speed liquid crystal spatial light modulator and a high-speed camera. The total delay from signal light acquisition to phase conjugate light generation was 9.7 ms at 1246 × 1024 and 5.9 ms at 640 × 512. The tracking experiment performed on a target moving at a constant distance perpendicular to the optical axis, produced an error of 2%. Furthermore, a heated soldering iron, used to compensate for artificially generated air disturbance, showed that beam wandering and intensity fluctuations were reduced by 86% and 55%, respectively, compared to a phase conjugate mirror with added delay. Phase conjugate light irradiation of a continuously moving target at a maximum speed of 0.9 mm s−1 was also performed. This study shows that real-time digital phase conjugate mirrors can correct wavefront distortion caused by air fluctuation, which is a major challenge in long-distance wireless optical transmission in the turbulent atmosphere, without complicated control, and prevent beam quality degradation in the presence of atmospheric disturbance.