bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changes in retinal nerve fiber layer, ganglion cell complex, and ganglion cell layer thickness in thyroid eye disease: A systematic review
Authors: Chien Lillian , Go Cammille C. , Luna Gabriela M. Lahaie , Briceño César A. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Thyroid eye disease (TED) is characterized by progressive orbital inflammation. In severe cases, it can lead to dysthyroid optic neuropathy (DON), involving death of retinal ganglion cells and permanent vision loss. Imaging with optical coherence tomography (OCT) has enabled noninvasive examination of the structural impact of the disease, including of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), the ganglion cell layer (GCL), and the inner plexiform layer (IPL). In this study, we systematically review 20 studies (897 patients, 1430 eyes) to evaluate changes in retinal thickness in patients with TED, stratified by severity. Most studies found a decrease in thickness in peripapillary RNFL (pRNFL), non-pRNFL, combined RNFL/GCL/IPL, or combined GCL/IPL when comparing patients with DON to healthy controls or to patients without DON. However, results were equivocal regarding differences between non-DON TED patients and controls. In addition, several studies reported a postoperative decrease in pRNFL thickness after orbital decompression surgery. Future studies examining OCT changes of retinal thickness along with disease progression are needed to assess the potential of OCT in diagnosis and management of patients with TED.
Nisbah Daun Batang, Nisbah Berat Daun dan Nisbah Akar Tajuk Tanaman Sawi Pagoda (Brassica narinosa L.) Akibat Pemberian Pupuk Organik Cair Kascing, Papua Nutrient dan MA-11
Authors: Mariay Ivonne Fitria , Segoro Bayu Imam , Tuhumena Veronica Leonora 
Published: February 2023

Analysis of the growth of the Shoot Root Ratio, Stem Leaf Ratio and Leaf Weight Ratio on pagoda mustard plants are expected to provide an accurate picture of growth and yields. The aim of the study was to determine and analyze the growth of the shoot-root ratio, stem leaf ratio and leaf weight ratio of pagoda mustard greens (Brassica narinosa L.) due to the administration of liquid organic fertilizer Kascing, Papua Nutrient and MA-11. This research is held at the screen house of the Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Papua for 2 months. The tools and materials used include: machetes, hoes, polybag shovels, digital scales, 30 cm ruler, stationery, trays seedling, notebook, medication label, sprayer, hand spray, 10 ml liquid measuring tube, oven, f1 pagoda mustard seed, Kascing, Papua Nutrient, MA-11, granulated sugar, vegetable pesticide nem oil, soil media, compost, manure goats and cows.
There is a significant effect due to the application of Liquid Organic Fertilizer on the Root Root Ratio, Stem Leaf Ratio and Leaf Weight Ratio. Analysis of variance and further tests showed significantly different results between the control treatment and other treatments (P1, P2, and P3). The results of the 5% BNJ test were carried out by comparing the average difference between each treatment, both P0, P1, P2 and P3 with a critical value of 3.2. Treatment of P1 Liquid Organic Fertilizer vermicompost can be said to have the most significant effect on plant growth variables because it shows the ratio of absolute average prices is greater than the critical value.
The relationship between reaction to a moving object with concentrations of biogenic amines and kynematic-dynamic parameters of complex coordination movement in elite alpine skiers
Authors: Kryuchkov A. S. , Fedoseev A. M. , Missina S. S. , Dudko G. A. , Myakinchenko E. B. 
Published: February 2023

Aim of the study: to identify mutual interaction between the reaction to a moving object with functional state of the central nervous system and kinematic-dynamic parameters of complex coordination movement.Materials and methods: 9 elite alpine skiers were participated in this study. Visual-motor coordination variables were assessed by computer complex for psychophysiological testing NS-Psychotest (Neurosoft, Russia). Dynamic parameters of complex coordination movement during counter movement jump were registered on the MuscleLab Force Plate (Ergotest Innovation A.S., Norway). Quantitation of hormones — adrenaline and noradrenaline as well as neurotransmitters — dopamine and serotonin in blood samples was performed using ultra-high performance liquid chromatograph combined with triple quadrupole mass analyzer LCMS-8060 (Shimadzu, Japan).Results: a significant negative relationship between the maximum output of motor efforts during counter movement jump, mean reaction time and the number of negative reactions recorded within visual-motor coordination testing was documented. A reliable positive relationship between excitation processes, jump power and jump time was established. Increases in noradrenaline and serotonin concentrations are positively associated with the number of accurate reactions, whereas dopamine level was positively correlated with jump altitude.Conclusion: the predominance of excitation over inhibition processes in the central nervous system had a positive effect on reducing the time spent on counter moving and increasing the maximum power of movement. As applied to alpine skiers we registered the following relationship: the higher the speeds of signal perception and muscle activation when solving a visual-motor task, the higher the power of working efforts, the shorter the time of the eccentric phase and total time spent on performing counter movement jump.
Shock wave therapy evaluation in the complex treatment of athletes with lateral epicondylitis
Authors: Ivanov M. V. , Samoylov A. S. , Zhestyankin N. R. 
Published: February 2023

Objective:to evaluate the effectiveness of shock wave therapy in the complex treatment of athletes with lateral epicondylitis in comparison with standard methods of treatment.Materials and methods:On outpatient treatment in the period from 2019 to 2022. There were 168 athletes diagnosed with Lateral epicondylitis, including 78 women (46.4 %) and 90 men (53.6 %) aged 20 to 45 years. The mean age of the patients was 31.48 ± 6.72 years. The average duration of the disease was 33.68 ± 28.17 days. To achieve the set goals and objectives, a prospective randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted. We used a clinical examination of patients, a study of carpal dynamometry of the affected arm, an assessment of the level of pain and quality of life using the QuickDash and Patient-Rated Tennis Elbow Evaluation (PRTEE) scales, statistical research methods, as well as the use of standard treatment for lateral epicondylitis and radial shock wave therapy with an assessment of effectiveness one month after treatment.Results:shock wave therapy in the complex treatment of athletes with lateral epicondylitis, compared with standard methods of treatment, improved the quality of life and reduced pain three weeks after the start of treatment and has a more pronounced effect in the long term (p < 0.05); allowed to reduce the intensity of the signal from the bone tissue (trabecular edema) according to the results of magnetic resonance imaging.Conclusion:the expediency of using shock wave therapy in the complex treatment of athletes with lateral epicondylitis is substantiated, which makes it possible to recommend its use in practical healthcare.
The Frequency of Whorl Patterns on the Fingertip of the Thai, Kinh H’mong Ethnic Students in Thuan Chau District, Son La Province
Authors: Mai Van Hung , Tran Thi Minh 
Published: February 2023

The study was conducted on 784 students aged 14 to 17 (383 male students and 401 female students), who were randomly selected, in Son La province. Following the standards of morphological and anthropological studies, this study aims to investigate the frequency of Whorl patterns on the fingertip of these students. The study shows that the frequency of Whorl patterns on students’ fingertips is 10.89% higher than other types of fingerprint patterns. Whorl patterns are more likely to be found on finger IV with the rate of 15.04% and rarely seen on finger V (7.4%) in all three ethnic groups (Thai, Kinh, H’Mong). The Kinh ethnic group has a higher rate of Whorl pattern than the other two groups. Moreover, the distribution of Whorl patterns is higher on the right hand than the left hand. The frequency of Whorl patterns on fingertips of all 3 ethnic groups follows the following sequence: Wc> Ws> Wdl> Wcp.
PENGARUH PENDIDIKAN KESEHATAN DENGAN BOOKLET TAS SIAGA BENCANA TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN PENYINTAS SIKLON SEROJA DI KABUPATEN KUPANG
Authors: Muskananfola Istha Leanni , Feoh Fepyani Thresna 
Published: February 2023

Pada bulan April tahun 2021 terjadi badai siklon tropis seroja yang melanda 10 kabupaten dan 1 kota di Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT). Pada saat terjadi bencana, sejumlah pengungsi berkumpul tanpa membawa makanan, pakaan, air minum dan alat kebersihan diri yang memadai. Oleh karena itu perlu adanya pemberian pendidikan kesehatatan terkait pentingnya Tas Siaga Bencana (TSB) yang dapat menampung kebutuhan pada saat terjadi bencana. Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis pengaruh pendidikan kesehatan dengan media booklet terhadap pengetahuan tentang TSB pada masyarakat penyintas siklon tropis seroja di Kabupaten Kupang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain pra eksperimen one group pre-post design. Responden yang terlibat berjumlah 200 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan p value 0,000 yang berarti ada pengaruh pemberian pendidikan kesehatan dengan media booklet terhadap pengetahuan tentang TSB pada masyarakat penyintas siklon tropis seroja di Kabupaten Kupang. Pengetahuan tentang TSB penting diketahui oleh masyarakat karena menjadi salah satu rencana kesiapsiagaan dalam menghadapi bencana.

Kata Kunci: Pengetahuan, Tas Siaga Bencana, Booklet
PEMBINAAN KETERAMPILAN MENGAJAR SEBAGAI UPAYA PENINGKATAN KOMPETENSI GURU
Authors: Famila Rosa , Maunah Binti 
Published: February 2023

Abstract : In going through the millennial era as it is today, the world of education is a very complex thing. Over time, education in Indonesia continues to show very rapid development progress. Developments in the world of education cannot be separated from the role and performance of the teacher. The role and performance of teachers greatly affect the quality of education. In achieving the goal of good quality education, it is necessary to provide guidance to teachers. Teacher performance coaching here is held to assist and serve teachers in improving the quality of knowledge, skills, attitudes, discipline, as well as meeting the needs and welfare of teachers, so that teachers have the spirit and ability to be creative and make more efforts to always improve their performance in order to improve the teaching and learning process and in achieve educational success within the institution..

Keywords: Coaching, Teacher performance, Teacher Skills
Myopia progression in children before and after the coronavirus disease lockdown
Authors: Chande Prema K , Dave Neepa Thacker , Qazi Mumtaz , Vora Priyanka Bapat 
Published: February 2023

Background: The worldwide spread of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic in 2020, followed by lockdowns, forced children to be in home confinement with increased screen time, leading to rapid progression of myopia and an increase in the prevalence of myopia. This study was aimed at determining if myopia progression seen in evidence-based practice resulted from the COVID-19 lockdown or delayed follow-ups.
Methods: A retrospective review of case sheets of patients visiting the pediatric department of a tertiary care eye hospital in Mumbai, India, was conducted from 2017 onwards. We enrolled all children with myopia who had attended at least one follow-up visit before the COVID-19 lockdown and at least one follow-up visit post-lockdown. The spherical equivalent (SEQ) of refractive error values at baseline and pre- and post-COVID-19 lockdown follow-ups (hereinafter referred to as the “first” and “second” follow-ups, respectively) were recorded. The duration between baseline and the first follow-up visit and between the first and second follow-up visits were noted.
Results: We enrolled 112 eyes of 56 children, including 35 (62.5%) boys and 21 (37.5%) girls, with a mean (standard deviation [SD]) age of 9.54 (2.82) years. The mean (SD) SEQ values at baseline and first and second follow-ups were - 4.74 (3.83), - 5.46 (3.81), and - 6.42 (3.66) D, respectively. The mean change in SEQ, mean SEQ myopia progression, and rate of myopia progression per month differed significantly between the baseline and the first follow-up visit versus between the first and second follow-ups (all P < 0.05). However, the change in myopia degree did not differ significantly between these two periods in eyes with low, moderate, or high myopia (all P > 0.05). The mean (SD) duration between the baseline and the first follow-up visit was 14.57 (5.68) months, while that between the first and second follow-ups was 27.96 (9.18) months, showing a significant difference (P < 0.05).
Conclusions: Our findings suggest that a longer gap between follow-up visits and myopia progression per month should be factored into the management of myopia. Considering that young children are more vulnerable, preventive measures and school reforms should be urgently implemented in India. Further retrospective multicenter studies with a larger sample size of eyes, including various refractive errors over a longer period, are required to verify these findings.
Implikasi Mycobacterium Tuberculosis: Literature Review
Authors: Dewita Nasution Johani , Elfira Eqlima , Faswita Wirda , Melvia Girsang Bina 
Published: February 2023

Tuberkulosis (TB) adalah tantangan kesehatan masyarakat global yang serius yang menibulkan morbiditas dan mortalitas di seluruh dunia. TB disebabkan oleh infeksi basil Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tuberculosis), yang telah mengembangkan berbagai strategi untuk berkembang di dalam inangnya. Memahami interaksi kompleks antara M Tuberculosis dan kekebalan inang dalam menghindari kekebalan infeksi bakteri M. Tuberkulosis. Sistematik review ini bertujuan membahas studi literatur terkait respon virus mikrobakterium berdasarkan beberapa artikel yang terbit mulai tahun 2017 hingga 2022. Sistematik ini dilakukan dengan cara menelusuri database Pubmed dengan menggunakan aplikasi Vos Viewer dari 646 artikel yang terdeteksi oleh Pubmed dengan tipe artikel Uji klinis, Meta Analisis, Uji coba terkontrol acak, tinjauan sistematis dan tinjauan. Setelah 646 artikel di masukkan melalui penulis database Vos Viewer yang saling berkaitan ditemukan 13 item dengan 4 cluster keyword yang terdiri dari cluster 1 (4 items), cluster 2 (4 items), cluster 3 (3 items), dan cluster 4 (2 items).
Authorship Diversity in General Surgery Related Cochrane Systematic Reviews
Authors: Dhali Arkadeep , Kipkorir Vincent , D'Souza Christopher , Rathna Roger B , Biswas Jyotirmoy 
Published: February 2023

Background
This study sought to determine the gender and country diversity in authorship representation in the authorship of Cochrane systematic reviews related to General Surgery.

Methods
We searched and extracted data from the Cochrane Library on 3 September 2022 using ‘keyword:General surgery’, and included published reviews, protocols, and withdrawn publications. We extracted authors’ details and searched online to determine their gender, attempting to capture at least one webpage demonstrating it. Authors whose gender could not be ascertained were excluded from gender-based analyses. For graphical representation, we used a choropleth-style map. We treated a collaborative author group belonging to a single country, e.g., MRC Clinical Trials Unit (UK), as a single author. A second author independently cross-verified the extracted data.

Result
Two hundred and fifty publications with a total of 1420 authors were included in the current study. Four authors had affiliation to two countries. The leading five represented nations (Figure 1A) in authorship were United Kingdom (n=562, 39.4%), China (n=163, 11.5%), Italy (n=144, 10.1%), Canada (n=91, 6.4%), and United States of America (n=89, 6.2%).
Syria is the only country among all the low-income countries which had authorship representation and constituted 0.34% (n=5) of all the authors. India (n=8, 0.6%) and Nigeria (n=2, 0.1%) were the only countries from lower-middle income groups who had representation.
Male (n=957) to female (n=453) ratio in this study was 2.11:1 (Figure 1B). Sex data for ten authors couldn’t be retreived and were categorized as ‘unknown’ group. There were 169 (67.3%) male and 82 (32.6%) female first authors (sex ratio 2.06:1). One study had designated two authors as co-first authors. Women (n= 81) constituted 32.4% of all the corresponding authors (sex ratio 2.06:1). One article didn’t have any designated corresponding author. One hundred and fifty (60%) studies didn’t have any female representation in any lead author (corresponding or first author) position. Fifty-eight (23.2%) studies didn’t have any female authors at all, whereas in contrast there were only eight studies (3.2%) which did not have any male authors.

Conclusion
Authors from high-income countries continue to be the largest contributors to Cochrane systematic reviews in General Surgery, source of one of the highest quality evidence. There is extremely poor representation of female authors and authors from low and low-middle-income countries. Active capacity-building efforts are needed in several countries for advancing authorship diversity.
PMA-Treatment of Human Monocytes Induces a M1 Phenotype in Adherent Macrophages
Authors: Marinescu Radu-Marian , Codrici Elena , Popescu Daniela Ionela , Enciu Ana-Maria 
Published: February 2023

Background: Human monocyte lines are widely used in basic research as model of inflammation, mostly following adherence with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA). However, the SC line, of normal human monocytes is not well documented, unlike tumour-derived cell lines, such as THP-1.
Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine the phenotype of adherent macrophages, induced after the treatment with PMA in three different concentrations, starting from the most widely reported concentration in the literature.
Methods: Normal human monocytes SC (ATCC CRL-9855) were routinely maintained according to manufacturer’s instructions. Cells were treated with Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA Sigma Aldrich P1585), in concentrations of 200 ng/mL, 100 ng/mL, 25 ng/mL and adhesion was documented using an Evos phase-contrast inverted microscope. Cell behaviour was validated by real-time impedance readings. The adhered cells were treated with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in concentrations of 50 ng/mL (mimicking chronic inflammation) and 1 μg/mL (mimicking acute inflammation). The supernatant was collected twice, after 4 hours, respectively after 18 hours of treatment with LPS. A screening of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines was performed using the multiplexing platform Luminex 200. ELISA tests were performed to validate the cytokines secretion: IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-23 and TNF-ɑ, using a LEGEND MAX Human ELISA kit specific to each cytokine.

Results: Cell adhesion was studied by time-lapse microscopy for 48 hrs. The lowest concentration of PMA which induced cell adherence was 25 ng/mL. Multiplex screening of cytokines showed a pro-inflammatory phenotype of macrophages stimulated with LPS. This finding was validated by ELISA tests for IL-6, IL-8, IL-23 and TNF-ɑ (as pro-inflammatory cytokine) and IL-10 (an anti-inflammatory molecule). For the first category, we noticed a time-dependent response, present in adherent macrophages, but not in circulating monocytes. Regarding the second category of cytokines, the secretion is present only for the adhered and LPS treated cells. It is also present in a time-dependent manner (a higher concentration can be noticed in the collected supernatant after 18 hours of treatment compared with the one collected after 4 hours of treatment).
Conclusion: The macrophages obtained from normal human monocytes with PMA are M1 type, regardless of the concentration used for differentiation.
Health Care Provider Burnout in Syria During COVID-19 Pandemic's Omicron Wave
Authors: Alibrahim Hidar , Swed Sarya , Bohsas Haidara , Haj Saleh Hiba , Al-Rassas Safwan , Hussain Noor , Kumar Ayush , Sawaf Bisher 
Published: February 2023

Background: Healthcare workers have dealt with a range of psychological problems during the COVID 19 epidemic, including sadness, mental discomfort, anxiety, and poor sleep. Burnout is a state of prolonged work stress-related psychological, emotional, and physical stress brought on by emotional weariness, depersonalization, and decreasing professional success. The goal of this study was to find out how many healthcare workers burned out during the Omicron wave of the COVID-19 pandemic and to find out what factors put them at risk for this psychological effect.

Methods: This cross-sectional research was performed in Syria during the current Omicron wave of COVID-19 pandemic to evaluate the Burnout experienced by Syrian physicians who treat COVID-19 patients. The inclusion criteria were all Syrian healthcare workers who treated COVID-19 patients the current Omicron wave of COVID-19. The data was collected between April 3 and March 20, 2022. We investigated whether the questionnaire used was valid and understandable to the participants.

Results: A total of (729) healthcare providers inquired in our study; however, 30 participants were disqualified because their answers were not fully completed. The overall age of the participants was 31±9, and the ratio of males to females was almost equal. The majority (47.5%) of the sample study's participants are residents, and 72.8% of the participants carried for COVID19 patients. The prevalence of high level of burnout among the sample study was 41.6%. Compared to men (22.3%), women were much more likely (27.9%) to report experiencing a high degree of emotional exhaustion, also the participants who carried for COVID19 patients were much more likely (30.1%%) to report experiencing a high degree of emotional exhaustion compared to others, which individuals who carried for COVID19 patients were 1.76 times more likely than participants who did not carry for COVID19 patients to experience severe burnout (OR:1.766, 95%CI:1.2-2.4, P-value<0.001).

Conclusion: Our research found severe burnout among Syrian health care providers during the omicron wave of COVID19, with clinicians carrying COVID19 patients being considerably more likely to express high burnout than others. For this reason, it is imperative that we collaborate with international humanitarian organizations to provide a suitable psychiatric environment for Syrian physicians and provide practical recommendations to address this important concern.