bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Monuments and Rhetorical Materiality
Authors: Strazdins Estelle 
Published: February 2023

AbstractChapter 3 explores imperial Greek engagement with the layered, multi-temporal physicality of monumental cityscapes and memorial landscapes in the Roman empire through an analysis of their own monuments and establishes the dense materiality of contemporary Greek rhetorical culture with its interweaving of text and artefact. It does so by: a) analysing several examples of multivalent monuments, focusing particularly on Herodes Attikos; b) examining the use of text to shape and control monumental meaning in the literature of Aelius Aristeides, Arrian, and Pausanias; and c) demonstrating how these two streams of culture are fundamental to the Greek paideutic system via the example of Lucian. The chapter provides an overview of how these factors impact imperial Greek commemorative aspiration and process, and sets up the contiguous exploration of literary and material expression as the best means of elucidating it. It argues that elite imperial Greeks use both the monumental and the literary to signal their innovations and relevance while creating and exploiting a powerful cultural framework in which to embed them.
Allegory
Authors: Ben-Yishai Ayelet 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The displacement afforded by allegory as a mode of representation has a long history in the colonial context, valuable in evading censorship and political retaliation. However, O.V. Vijayan’s Saga of Dharmapuri (1988), and Arun Joshi’s The City and the River (1990) were written well after the restoration of democracy at the end of the Emergency, their allegorical form a vexed choice, rather than an obvious one. Moving from readings of these allegories as modes of political representation to understanding allegory as a genre of political intervention, I argue that these novels signal the failure of the ongoing political system that enables Emergency and continues long after order has ostensibly been restored. Deeply pessimistic, but not nihilistic, Vijayan and Joshi make their political interventions by holding on to the promise of order, and signal that promise by holding on to the promise of allegory.
R. H. Charles
Authors: VanderKam James C. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractR.H. Charles: A Biography treats the life and work of the pioneer scholar of Jewish apocalyptic literature. After situating his work in the history of scholarship on the Bible and related areas, the biography is divided into three parts. The first describes his family background, education, and early priestly work (1855–90). The second deals with the Oxford years (1890–1913) when he produced his most famous editions and commentaries on apocalyptic texts. The final part surveys his years as Canon of Westminster (1913–31) when he wrote pastoral works and continued publication of scholarly books.
LGBT Rights and the Constitutional Court
Authors: Satrio Abdurrachman 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This chapter explains the decision of the Constitutional Court in a case concerning the rights of the LGBT (lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender) community (the LGBT case) decided in 2017. The petitioners had asked the Court to interpret several provisions of the Criminal Code including Article 292 that punishes adults who commit obscene acts against children. The petitioners argued that the article should also criminalize relations between same-sex adults. In a 5–4 decision, the Court rejected a petition by conservative Muslim organizations. In this case, the Court found that the legislature rather than the Court was the proper institution to consider their argument for the expansion of the scope of criminal law. This may sound like the Court partly agreed with the petitioners. However, this chapter suggests that by deferring the decision to the legislature, the Court still protected the rights of LGBT people; the Court knew that parliament would not be able to gain sufficient support to pass amendments to the penal code. This decision was pragmatic because it balanced the Court’s need to maintain legitimacy in the eyes of a conversative and religious public with the need to prevent the criminalization of the LGBT community.
Conventional Religion and Revealed Religion
Authors: Holden Thomas 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
To understand Hobbes’s treatment of scripture and revelation, we need to see it in the light of his wider account of the rational norms controlling public religious speech and practice. On that account, we ought to venerate the deity not only with natural, universally recognizable signs of honor, but also by adopting the local culture’s religious practices, however arbitrary and conventional those practices might be. For the seventeenth-century English subject, the Anglo-Protestant scriptural religion provides the appropriate vehicle to express this rationally mandated religious piety, and thus provides a form of devotion that Hobbes embraces in a spirit of genuine religious reverence. At the same time, he also regards the Anglo-Protestant religion, like all historical religions, as a conventional human artifact that, given the ear of the sovereign, he might hope to shape in favor of Hobbesian ideals such as civil obedience and the separation of philosophy from religion.
Consequences and Reception
Authors: Holden Thomas 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
I summarize Hobbes’s revisionist treatment of religious speech and practice, and consider some of the more provocative consequences of his philosophy of religion. Those consequences include its partition of theology and philosophy, its recasting of religion as fundamentally a matter of performance and display, its indifferentism about forms of worship, and its implications for the question of religious toleration. I also say something about the place of the interpretation of Hobbes’s philosophy of religion advanced in this book as against the reception of that philosophy both in the early modern period and in the more recent commentary.
Deciding between two grammars
Authors: Heine Bernd 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe main interest of Chapter 7 is with exploring what the presence of two competing grammars means to interlocutors with reference to the way they communicate with one another and build their discourses. Altogether ten grammatical features are presented to distinguish the two grammars. A concern central to the chapter is to determine how each of the two grammars contributes to discourse processing. Three general types of text organization are characterized in Section 7.2, namely text pieces (a) where interactive grammar is predominant, (b) where both grammars are equally important, and (c) where sentence grammar is predominantly employed. An important factor determining discourse processing can be seen in the presence of adjacency pairs in conversational turn taking.
Nepal’s New Rich
Authors: Wallenius Todd John 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This chapter explores the changing dynamics of class and sociocultural differentiation operating in and through elite private schools in contemporary Kathmandu. Long-standing academic perspectives have held that caste-based privileges in Nepal are reproduced through formal education in Nepal. However, dramatic developments in recent decades, including a massive influx of foreign aid, growing urban labour and remittance economy, and substantial infusion of tourist dollars, have led to a significant amount of cash ‘floating around’ in Kathmandu (Liecthy 2003: 51). This highly monetized economy appears to be reshaping Kathmandu’s socio-economic landscape through the formation of a ‘New Rich’—wealthy families from diverse ethnic backgrounds for whom elite education plays an important role in self-construction. Drawing on the unique position of a teacher turned ethnographer, this chapter explores how elite private schools are creating new spaces for sociocultural performance through a neoliberal, international education paradigm. Furthermore, the chapter examines how elite private schools harness a global education market in order to solidify social status in Kathmandu. By shedding light on the ongoing transformations of class and ethnicity among elite private schools, this chapter aims to stimulate renewed considerations of Kathmandu’s social-class structure and the role of elite education in producing and transforming Nepal’s cultural order.
Navigating Class through Education
Authors: Faye Reidun 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The massive expansion of formal schooling in Nepal during the last three decades has resulted in a remarkable change in the social and demographic composition of the student population in Nepal, as economically deprived, low caste groups, girls, and marginalized ethnic groups participate in formal schooling to a much larger degree than earlier. Building upon ethnographic fieldwork among the urban poor in Kathmandu in the period 2010–2014, this chapter takes a closer look at how some of those who were earlier excluded from formal schooling navigate within a rapidly changing educational landscape. Analysing how poor families make choices when selecting schools for their children, and what factors that inform their education strategies, this chapter demonstrates that although the families were short on financial recourses, they managed to navigate through both private and public schooling, and many were also successful in finalizing university education. In doing so, this chapter adds to debates on how commodification of education, class production, and recent social and political changes contribute to shape the educational practices of urban poor people in Nepal and South Asia.
Moving to Learn
Authors: Valentin Karen 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
With a steady rise in the number of Nepalese youth seeking to pursue an education abroad, transnational student migration has attained an increasingly prominent role in the migratory landscape of Nepal. This reflects a new type of migration enabled by a commodified, international education market, which the aspiring middle-class can buy into, and which has made education abroad available to segments of the Nepali society to whom it was completely out of reach two decades ago. However, for Nepalis living outside the urban centres, geographical mobility, short or long distance, has long been a precondition for obtaining a school education above the primary level. So, what is new is not the necessity to move for education, but the scale and character. Based on longitudinal ethnographic studies on the relationship between education and migration in Nepal and ‘beyond’, this chapter will examine the changing educational landscape from the perspective of interrelated social and geographical mobility processes. It ties together material from my early studies of educational strategies in a squatter settlement in Kathmandu and later studies on the role of education in migration processes. The ethnographic cases will shed light, firstly, on the multiple and often overlapping reasons that make people move for education and which make parents send away their children for education; secondly, on the relationship between education and the negotiation of class positions. The chapter, thus, aims to extend analytical and methodological discussion of ‘educational locations’, both in relation to geographical sites and social sites of educational practice.
Games of Jurisdictions
Authors: Ray Reeju 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Building on the arguments of the previous chapter, Chapter 2 focuses on jurisdictional boundary disputes between British and non-British territories of Sylhet, Khasi, Jaintia, Garo hills, and Assam. This chapter shows how the ambiguity and imprecision of colonial boundaries intensified legally sanctioned violence. The chapter points to the shifting relationship between colonial administrators in Bengal, local authorities in the hills, inhabitants of the hills, and settler-proprietors in Sylhet in the first half of the nineteenth century. This chapter highlights the tensions within emerging ruler-subject relations, within colonial spatial and civilizational categories, and within colonial sovereignty. By looking at the constant flux of jurisdictional boundaries—visible in the recurrent disputes, raids, and incommensurable socio-political practices in the hills that the colonial authorities defined as extortion and nomadism—we can see how the contested nature of sovereignty functioned as a strategy of imperial governance. The case studies in this chapter point towards the relationship between various dimensions of colonial law—corporal, embodied, and epistemological.
Conclusion
Authors: Bateman Benjamin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Centered on wildlife ecologist J. Drew Lanham’s creative nonfiction essay “Forever Gone,” which connects histories of plantation slavery to the eradication of the Carolina parakeet, this Conclusion meditates on the freedom flights modeled by nonhuman animal species. Arguing that the loss of these species and the ecologies they inhabit depletes arenas of and inspirations for human escape, the Conclusion frames queer disappearance as a reparative practice and aesthetic that might offset deep histories of extraction and exploitation.
COVID-19, Law & Regulation
Authors: Bennett Belinda , Freckelton AO KC Ian , Wolf Gabrielle 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
COVID-19, Law & Regulation: Rights, Freedoms, and Obligations in a Pandemic analyses legal and regulatory responses to the COVID-19 pandemic. It examines key examples of legal issues, legislation, cases, regulations, and regulatory policies that illustrate how the law has provided a framework for responding to the public health, medical, social, and economic ramifications of this pandemic. The book draws on international examples and literature with a particular focus on common law countries, including the United Kingdom, the United States, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand but also refers to key European jurisprudence. The book considers lessons that can be learned from the responses to the COVID-19 pandemic, developing new insights into and understandings of the important role that law can play in addressing future public health emergencies.
Past Legal and Regulatory Responses to Infectious Diseases
Authors: Bennett Belinda , Freckelton Ian , Wolf Gabrielle 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Chapter 2, ‘Past Legal and Regulatory Responses to Infectious Diseases’, provides historical context to the legal and regulatory responses to the COVID-19 pandemic. It traces the historical origins of some key measures used to tackle COVID-19, including quarantine, isolation, regulation of vaccine production and distribution, and criminalization of intentional transmission of disease. This chapter also examines the background to international initiatives to prevent the global spread of disease. Chapter 2 identifies and explores themes that recurred in response to past epidemics and pandemics in different geographical regions and centuries, from the Black Death through to Ebola, and continue to resound in the management of COVID-19. These include: use of voluntary and coercive public health measures to impede the spread of disease, their implications for civil liberties, and challenges made to them; legal protection provided to people who suffered from infectious diseases; and also regulatory failures to assist some communities that have been disproportionately affected by diseases and measures intended to curb their transmission. Through this analysis, Chapter 2 highlights how the social, economic, and political disruption caused by infectious diseases, and medical and scientific advances often made in response to them, can lead to significant changes to the law.
A Global Emergency
Authors: Bennett Belinda , Freckelton Ian , Wolf Gabrielle 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Chapter 3, ‘A Global Emergency’, analyses the global emergency posed by COVID-19, situating it within existing international law for regulating global public health emergencies. In particular, this chapter discusses the International Health Regulations (IHR) and the revisions made to them in 2005. Chapter 3 also reviews lessons learned from past public health emergencies, including the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic, which was the first test of the revised IHR (2005), the 2014–16 Ebola crisis in West Africa, debates over the IHR that have emerged during COVID-19, and proposals for a new pandemic treaty. Chapter 3 identifies the importance of data in measuring the scale and impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the challenges in accurately measuring the number of COVID-related deaths. It also considers the importance of civil registration and vital statistics for recording deaths, as well as the need for data to be disaggregated to enable identification of the pandemic’s impact on different groups.
Restrictions on Movement
Authors: Bennett Belinda , Freckelton Ian , Wolf Gabrielle 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Chapter 4, ‘Restrictions on Movement’, analyses some of the major legal and regulatory measures that have been adopted to restrict people’s movement in order to impede the transmission of COVID-19. It examines border closures that have prevented people from travelling locally, interstate or between provinces, and internationally (though also some countries’ repatriation of citizens and permanent residents). The chapter discusses restrictions that have been imposed on entering Indigenous communities; the impact of movement restrictions on families with separated or divorced parents; and ramifications of the pandemic for extradition proceedings. Also explored in this chapter are restrictions that have been imposed on non-citizens’ freedom of movement, including closure of borders to non-citizens and the impact of movement restrictions on asylum-seekers, and the closure of ports to and quarantine of cruise ships. This chapter discusses the layers of laws that have encroached upon the legally recognized human right to freedom of movement. It touches, too, on public debates that the restrictions of movement have prompted about individuals’ and communities’ rights and responsibilities during public health emergencies, and the exceptional circumstances of a pandemic that have led to the imposition of constraints on people’s lives.
Litigation and Legal Challenges to Emergency Orders
Authors: Bennett Belinda , Freckelton Ian , Wolf Gabrielle 
Published: February 2023

AbstractChapter 6, ‘Litigation and Legal Challenges to Emergency Orders’, explores the parameters that permit and set limits on the powers of governments to make emergency orders and directions during a pandemic. It examines challenges mounted in diverse countries’ courts during 2020 and 2021, which tested the power of government to make public health orders that encroach on individuals’ legally protected rights and liberties. This chapter considers the invocation of the right to life to justify orders, such as border closures, quarantine, lockdowns, and curfews, and the implications of public health orders made during the pandemic for the right to assemble. It scrutinizes a major English challenge brought on public law grounds against the sufficiency of government orders for the protection of persons living in congregate aged-care residences and the ramifications of the decision for civil actions. The chapter also reviews legal challenges to the imposition of requirements for people to be vaccinated in order to enjoy various ways in which they can participate in the community. In addition, it reviews litigation in the family law context in relation to whether children are vaccinated and the ramifications of such decisions by parents for custodial arrangements in relation to children. It discusses governments’ preparedness to impose restrictive measures to inhibit spread of the virus and the tendency for courts to acquiesce in such measures, provided they can be shown to be required in the interests of public health and be proportionate.
Risk, Impact, and Disadvantage
Authors: Bennett Belinda , Freckelton Ian , Wolf Gabrielle 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Chapter 7, ‘Risk, Impact, and Disadvantage’, analyses the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on people’s social and economic well-being. It explores the nature of risk and disadvantage in the pandemic, including its effects on older persons, health disparities related to race and ethnicity, the impact of COVID-19 on Indigenous Peoples, the pandemic’s consequences for women and children, as well as on people who are homeless, migrants, refugees, persons with disabilities, and people in detention (both prison and immigration detention). This chapter also examines prevention and treatment of COVID-19, including access to facilities for handwashing, and rationing of treatments. The chapter continues with a discussion of social isolation and mental health sequelae during the pandemic. The final part of the chapter considers the pandemic’s impact on work and employment.
Development of COVID-19 Treatments and Vaccines
Authors: Bennett Belinda , Freckelton Ian , Wolf Gabrielle 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Chapter 11, ‘Development of COVID-19 Treatments and Vaccines’, examines some domestic and international laws, regulations, and policies that have been relevant to research undertaken to develop treatments to cure or reduce the severity of symptoms of COVID-19, and vaccines to prevent people contracting and suffering or dying from it. The chapter considers the role played by the World Health Organization in co-ordinating, accelerating, and overseeing international collaboration between researchers working on treatments and vaccines to address the risks to global health posed by COVID-19. This chapter explores the risks for individual and public health of strategies scientists have adopted to hasten their COVID-19 research. It reviews the use of human challenge trials. The chapter addresses challenges involved in ensuring the safety and efficacy of COVID-19 treatments and vaccines for all. The challenges include enrolling diverse participants in clinical trials, obtaining their informed consent to participation, and protecting those who are unable to consent, but whose involvement in such trials is important. This chapter discusses the balance that has been struck between the imperatives to maintain the scientific and scholarly integrity and rigour of research, and to undertake and publish results of studies concerning treatments and vaccines as quickly as possible in order to tackle the risks posed by COVID-19.
A Substitute Family?
Authors: Soares Claudia 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The WSS’s admission forms encouraged the permanent, long-term placement of children in their homes in an attempt to discourage children’s temporary admission and subsequent removal when familial circumstances improved. This chapter takes children’s entrance to the institution as its starting point to explore the competing models of ‘family’ in inmates’ lives. It explores how the WSS used various contracts, paperwork, and other terms and conditions to create stability and security for children by establishing a ‘superior’ institutional family and by controlling children’s interactions with their relatives. The chapter demonstrates how the idea of permanency was key to the successful creation of the institutional ‘family’. In many cases, these agreements, although possessing little legal standing, altered the relationships between relatives and children, sometimes irreparably. The chapter proceeds to consider how the Society understood the nature of family through examination of application forms and photographic and literary representations, and, in turn, how these understandings shaped its own ‘family’ ideals and the interactions with biological relatives.