bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Extensive hydrolysis of milk protein and its peptidomic antigenicity analysis by LC–MS/MS
Authors: Li Hongbo , Zhao Yang , Jiang Yuelu , Li Jiaxin , Yang Jingjing , Xue Yuling , Kang Zhiyuan , Zulewska Justyna , Li Hongjuan , Yu Jinghua 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMilk protein concentrate (MPC) is considered an ideal substitute of cow milk because of its similar protein and nutrition. In this study, MPC was hydrolyzed to peptides by alcalase and neutrase, and the properties of hydrolysate were evaluated. When MPC was hydrolyzed at the ratio of alcalase and neutrase of 1:1 and enzyme to substrate ratio of 6000 U/g MPC at 50°C, pH 8.5 for 3 h, the proportion of peptides with molecular weights <1 kDa was 85.31%, and the antigenicity reduction rates of casein and β‐lactoglobulin were 33.76% and 22.38%, respectively. Moreover, LC–MS/MS peptide identification revealed that the alcalase and neutrase disrupted a total of 65 epitopes of casein and 21 epitopes of whey protein, which further elucidated the mechanism of complex enzyme hydrolysis to reduce milk protein allergenicity.
Does a history of cannabis use influence onset and course of schizophrenia?
Authors: Allebeck Peter , Gunnarsson Tove , Lundin Andreas , Löfving Sofia , Dal Henrik , Zammit Stanley 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIntroductionWhile evidence strongly supports a causal effect of cannabis on psychosis, it is less clear whether the symptom pattern, clinical course, and outcomes differ in cases of schizophrenia with and without a background of cannabis use.MethodsAnalysis of medical records from a longitudinal follow‐up of Swedish conscripts with data on cannabis use in adolescence and subsequent incidence of schizophrenia. One hundred sixty patients with schizophrenia were assessed using the OPCRIT protocol. Cases were validated for diagnosis schizophrenia according to OPCRIT.ResultsPatients with a cannabis history (n = 32), compared to those without (n = 128), had an earlier age at onset, a higher number of hospital admissions and a higher total number of hospital days. There was no significant difference in type of onset and clinical symptom profiles between the groups.ConclusionOur findings indicate that the disease burden of schizophrenia is greater in individuals who use cannabis during adolescence. Strengthening evidence on causality and teasing out long‐term effects of pre‐illness cannabis use from continued post‐illness has clinical implications for improving schizophrenia outcomes.
Immune mediated colitis: a surgical perspective
Authors: Le Khang Duy Ricky , Choy Kay Tai , Roth Sara , Heriot Alexander G. , Kong Joseph C. H. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundThis study aims to review and summarize the current up to date literature that explore the current treatment approaches to immune mediated colitis and the role of surgical specialties in the landscape of management.MethodsA narrative review of papers was performed following a literature search through Medline, EMBASE and Cochrane Central databases pertaining to immune mediated colitis as an adverse event of cancer immunotherapy.ResultsCurrent guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of immune mediated colitis mirror the approach to the workup of inflammatory bowel disease and guided by treating oncology and gastroenterology specialties. Immune mediated colitis however relies on surgical specific skills as a consequence of obtaining a diagnosis as well as in the management of complications that may arise.ConclusionImmune mediate colitis management has largely been under the purview of medical specialties. This review explores the current landscape of managing immune mediated colitis from a surgical perspective and highlights key areas in which surgeons can engage in the multidisciplinary care of this condition. To facilitate prompt diagnosis and management of immune‐mediated colitis, there is an increasing necessity for surgeons to become familiar with the latest multidisciplinary approaches and recommendations.
Change in three‐dimensional choroidal vessel network after AR device assisted 1‐hour visual task in 2D/3D mode in young healthy subjects
Authors: Liu Yuying , Liu Lu , Liu Mingming , Wang Xuetong , Jin Chengcheng , Ni Bingbing , Ke Bilian 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of the study was to investigate the changes of choroidal blood perfusion in different layers and quadrants and its possible related factors after 1 h visual task by augmented reality (AR) device in two‐dimensional (2D) and three‐dimensional (3D) mode, respectively.MethodsThirty healthy subjects aged 22–37 years watched the same video source in 2D and 3D mode separately using AR glasses for 1 h with a one‐week interval. Swept‐source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS‐OCTA) was performed before and immediately after watching to acquire choroidal thickness (ChT), three‐dimensional choroidal vascularity index (CVI) of large‐ and middle‐sized choroidal vessels and choriocapillaris flow voids (FV%) at macular and peripapillary area. Near point of accommodation (NPA) and accommodative facility (AF) were examined to evaluate the accommodative ability. Pupil diameters by infrared‐automated pupillometer under scotopic, mesopic and photopic condition were also obtained.ResultsCompared with pre‐visual task, the subfoveal CVI decreased from 0.406 ± 0.097 to 0.360 ± 0.102 after 2D watching (p < 0.001) and to 0.368 ± 0.102 after 3D watching (p = 0.002). Pupil sizes under different illuminance conditions became smaller after both 2D and 3D watching (all p < 0.001). AF increased after both 2D and 3D watching (both p < 0.05). NPA receded in post‐3D watching (p = 0.017) while a not significant tendency was observed in post‐2D.ConclusionA reduction in subfoveal choroidal blood flow accompanied with pupil constriction was observed immediately after 1 h visual task using AR glasses in 2D and 3D mode. Accommodative facility improved after 2D and 3D watching with AR glasses, whereas decrease in the maximum accommodation power was only found in 3D mode.
Editorial: improvement of cardiovascular risk factor control in patients with type 2 diabetes and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease—time for action!
Authors: Caussy Cyrielle 
Published: April 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Zhang et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17428 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17474
Self‐regulatory and demographic predictors of grades in online and face‐to‐face university cohorts: A multi‐group path analysis
Authors: Talsma Kate , Chapman Andrew , Matthews Allison 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPredictors of academic success at university are of great interest to educators, researchers and policymakers. With more students studying online, it is important to understand whether traditional predictors of academic outcomes in face‐to‐face settings are relevant to online learning. This study modelled self‐regulatory and demographic predictors of subject grades in 84 online and 80 face‐to‐face undergraduate students. Predictors were effort regulation, grade goal, academic self‐efficacy, performance self‐efficacy, age, sex, socio‐economic status (SES) and first‐in‐family status. A multi‐group path analysis indicated that the models were significantly different across learning modalities. For face‐to‐face students, none of the model variables significantly predicted grades. For online students, only performance self‐efficacy significantly predicted grades (small effect). Findings suggest that learner characteristics may not function in the same way across learning modes. Further factor analytic and hierarchical research is needed to determine whether self‐regulatory predictors of academic success continue to be relevant to modern student cohorts.
Practitioner NotesWhat is already known about this topic

Self‐regulatory and demographic variables are important predictors of university outcomes like grades.
It is unclear whether the relationships between predictor variables and outcomes are the same across learning modalities, as research findings are mixed.
What this paper adds

Models predicting university students' grades by demographic and self‐regulatory predictors differed significantly between face‐to‐face and online learning modalities.
Performance self‐efficacy significantly predicted grades for online students.
No self‐regulatory variables significantly predicted grades for face‐to‐face students, and no demographic variables significantly predicted grades in either cohort.
Overall, traditional predictors of grades showed no/small unique effects in both cohorts.
Implications for practice and/or policy

The learner characteristics that predict success may not be the same across learning modalities.
Approaches to enhancing success in face‐to‐face settings are not automatically applicable to online settings.
Self‐regulatory variables may not predict university outcomes as strongly as previously believed, and more research is needed.
The importance of natural forest stewardship in adaptation planning in the United States
Authors: Faison Edward K. , Masino Susan A. , Moomaw William R. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractForests are critical to the planetary operational system and evolved without human management for millions of years in North America. Actively managing forests to help them adapt to a changing climate and disturbance regime has become a major focus in the United States. Aside from a subset of forests wherein wood production, human safety, and experimental research are primary goals, we argue that expensive management interventions are often unnecessary, have uncertain benefits, or are detrimental to many forest attributes such as resilience, carbon accumulation, structural complexity, and genetic and biological diversity. Natural forests (i.e., those protected and largely free from human management) tend to develop greater complexity, carbon storage, and tree diversity over time than forests that are actively managed; and natural forests often become less susceptible to future insect attacks and fire following these disturbances. Natural forest stewardship is therefore a critical and cost effective strategy in forest climate adaptation.
Diving Into Students’ Transcripts: High School Course‐Taking Sequences and Postsecondary Enrollment
Authors: Ogut Burhan , Circi Ruhan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to explore high school course‐taking sequences and their relationship to college enrollment. Specifically, we implemented sequence analysis to discover common course‐taking trajectories in math, science, and English language arts using high school transcript data from a recent nationally representative survey. Through sequence clustering, we reduced the complexity of the sequences and examined representative course‐taking sequences. Classification tree, random forests, and multinomial logistic regression analyses were used to explore the relationship between the course sequences students complete and their postsecondary outcomes. Results showed that distinct representative course‐taking sequences can be identified for all students as well as student subgroups. More advanced and complex course‐taking sequences were associated with postsecondary enrollment.
The Dutch version of the Oral Health Assessment Tool: Translation and inter‐rater reliability among community nurses
Authors: van Noort Harm H. J. , Harderwijk Anne , Everaars Babette , Akkermans Reinier , van der Putten Gert‐Jan , Waal Getty Huisman‐de 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectivesTranslating the Oral Health Assessment Tool (OHAT) into Dutch and assessing the inter‐rater reliability among community nurses.MethodsThe original version of the OHAT was translated following the five stages of the ‘Guidelines for the Process of Cross‐Cultural Adaptation’. After a forward and backward translation, consensus on the pre‐final version was obtained in an expert panel discussion. This version was pre‐tested on its comprehensibility among 31 nurses and hereafter finalized. Then, inter‐rater reliability of the OHAT‐NL was determined by two trained nurses during oral assessments of 37 care‐dependent community‐dwelling older people. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and the Cohen's kappa statistic for individual items were estimated.ResultsFeedback from nurses in the pre‐test did lead to minor changes of the OHAT‐NL. Inter‐rater reliability was good (ICC 0.79; 95% CI 0.63–0.89) on the total score. Agreement on item level ranged from fair to very good, the kappa ranged from 0.36–0.89.ConclusionsOHAT is now available in Dutch having good inter‐rater reliability among trained community nurses. Future research can further validate the OHAT‐NL and develop intervention according to total OHAT‐NL scores.
Estimation of the influenza‐associated respiratory hospitalization burden using sentinel surveillance data, Lebanon, 2015–2020
Authors: Farah Zeina , El Naja Hala Abou , Tempia Stefano , Saleh Nadine , Abubakar Abdinasir , Maison Patrick , Ghosn Nada 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIntroductionInfluenza epidemics cause around 3 to 5 million cases of severe illness worldwide every year. Estimates are needed for a better understanding of the burden of disease especially in low‐ and middle‐income countries. The objective of this study is to estimate the number and rate of influenza‐associated respiratory hospitalizations in Lebanon during five influenza seasons (2015–2016 to 2019–2020) by age and province of residence in addition to estimating the influenza burden by level of severity.MethodsThe severe acute respiratory infection sentinel surveillance system was used to compute influenza positivity from the influenza laboratory confirmed cases. The total of respiratory hospitalizations under the influenza and pneumonia diagnosis was retrieved from the Ministry of Public Health hospital billing database. Age‐specific and province‐specific frequencies and rates were estimated for each season. Rates per 100 000 population were calculated with 95% confidence levels.ResultsThe estimated seasonal average of influenza‐associated hospital admission was 2866 for a rate of 48.1 (95% CI: 46.4–49.9) per 100 000. As for the distribution by age group, the highest rates were seen in the two age groups ≥65 years and 0–4 years whereas the lowest rate was for the age group 15–49 years. For the distribution by province of residence, the highest influenza‐associated hospitalization rates were reported from the Bekaa‐Baalback/Hermel provinces.ConclusionThis study shows the substantial burden of influenza in Lebanon mainly on high‐risk groups (≥65 years and <5 years). It is crucial to translate these findings into policies and practices to reduce the burden and estimate the illness‐related expenditure and indirect costs.
Scratch and unity design in elementary education: A study in initial teacher training
Authors: Sáez‐López José Manuel , González‐Calero José Antonio , Cózar‐Gutierrez Ramón , del Olmo‐Muñoz Javier 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe present study analyses the design of programming literacy in the sixth grade of Primary Education, starting from the use of simple activities with visual block‐based programming, through Scratch, and progressively linking difficulty to the use of the Unity engine, and the C# language, with simple activities identical to those created in Scratch.ObjectivesThis research aims to evaluate future teachers' abilities and attitudes regarding programming and its educational possibilities. We intend to evaluate the viability of a teaching proposal that combines a visual block‐based programming environment and a more advanced one, based on C#.MethodIn the settings of two public Spanish universities, we analyse the possibilities in the training of future teachers who are studying for a degree in Primary Education Teaching and a degree in Pedagogy. Based on a test and three scales, descriptive data and statistical inference are detailed through a quasi‐experimental design with a Student's t‐test in the first dimension, and a Wilcoxon test in the second dimension.ResultsThe participants improved their performance and attitudes towards programming with the intervention of the study in the use of coding.ConclusionsIt can be concluded that coding is essential in teacher training, and that a greater presence of programming training in higher education is essential. The benefits are visible in the pedagogical approach of coding related to creativity, innovation, motivation, an active approach and interest, highlighting the fact that the implementation of visual block‐based programming by blocks and engines is feasible in Elementary Education. The training proposal—provided by appropriate progression, selection, and sequencing of content—fosters basic and practical teacher training, and this can be defined as an apt training solution.
The impact of COVID‐19 on psychiatric clinical encounters among low‐income racially‐diverse children
Authors: Rusk Serena A. , DiBari Jessica , Mason Dana M. , Li Mengmeng , Hong Xiumei , Wang Guoying , Pearson Colleen , Mirolli Gabrielle , Cheng Tina L. , Kogan Michael D. , Zuckerman Barry , Wang Xiaobin 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundThere is a lack of longitudinal data to examine the impact of COVID‐19 on all types of clinical encounters among United States, underrepresented BIPOC (Black, Indigenous, and people of color), children. This study aims to examine the changes in all the outpatient clinical encounters during the pandemic compared to the baseline, with particular attention to psychiatric encounters and diagnoses.MethodThis study analyzed 3‐year (January 2019 to December 2021) longitudinal clinical encounter data from 3,394 children in the Boston Birth Cohort, a US urban, predominantly low‐income, Black and Hispanic children. Outcomes of interest were completed outpatient clinical encounters and their modalities (telemedicine vs. in person), including psychiatric care and diagnoses, primary care, emergency department (ED), and developmental and behavioral pediatrics (DBP).ResultsThe study children's mean (SD) age is 13.9 (4.0) years. Compared to 2019, psychiatric encounters increased by 38% in 2020, most notably for diagnoses of adjustment disorders, depression, and post‐traumatic stress disorders (PTSD). In contrast, primary care encounters decreased by 33%, ED encounters decreased by 55%, and DBP care decreased by 16% in 2020. Telemedicine was utilized the most for psychiatric and DBP encounters and the least for primary care encounters in 2020. A remarkable change in 2021 was the return of primary care encounters to the 2019 level, but psychiatric encounters fluctuated with spikes in COVID‐19 case numbers.ConclusionsAmong this sample of US BIPOC children, compared to the 2019 baseline, psychiatric encounters increased by 38% during 2020, most notably for the new diagnoses of adjustment disorder, depression, and PTSD. The 2021 data showed a full recovery of primary care encounters to the baseline level but psychiatric encounters remained sensitive to the pandemic spikes. The long‐term impact of the pandemic on children's mental health warrants further investigation.
Phase 2 of collaborative action around the implementation of virtual hearing aid care: Evaluation of a clinical practice guideline
Authors: Glista Danielle , O'Hagan Robin , DiFabio Danielle , Moodie Sheila , Muñoz Karen , Pfingstgraef Dave , Curca Ioan Aurelian , Meston Christine , Richert Frances , Nageswaran Luxshmi , Brown Christine , Joseph Keiran , Bagatto Marlene 
Published: April 2023

AbstractRationaleFollowing the onset of the COVID‐19 pandemic, a clinical practice guideline (CPG) around virtual hearing aid practices was developed to fill a knowledge gap within the field of audiology. Details outlining the development and mobilization of this draft guideline were outlined as Phase 1 (described in a paired paper).Aims and ObjectivesThis study describes Phase 2 of this project as part of the Knowledge‐to‐Action Framework, including an evaluation of the methodological quality of the guideline and the resulting tailored version of the document (v2.0).MethodThe Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II instrument was used to assess methodological quality and to guide revisions. Twenty‐two clinicians, from a variety of clinical backgrounds, participated in the evaluation.Results and ConclusionFindings reported across six domains suggest high mean scores, ranging from 78% to 81%, in order of scope and purpose (highest rated), stakeholder involvement, rigour of development, applicability, clarity of presentation, and editorial independence. Specific recommendations made by in international co‐creation team during the evaluation informed the final version of the CPG. Future development and evaluation efforts should aim to include greater representation from nontraditional practice contexts to strengthen global applicability.
On the occurrence and distribution of Synodontis nigrita and Synodontis violaceus (Siluriformes: Mochokidae) in the Nilo‐Sudan, and Upper and Lower Guinea ichthyofaunal provinces
Authors: De Weirdt David , Huyghe Charlotte Elisabeth Theodora , Vreven Emmanuel Jean Michel Willem Nzambemalamu 
Published: April 2023

AbstractExamination of the holotype of Synodontis nigrita, the type specimens of both its (potential) junior synonyms, Synodontis fascipinna and Synodontis ornatus, and an additional 306 specimens, previously identified as S. nigrita, confirmed that the interorbital width is the most important diagnostic character to distinguish S. nigrita from its Nilo‐Sudanic (N‐S), and Upper and Lower Guinea ichthyofaunal province congeners. Results revealed that this species has a typical N‐S distribution. In addition, the occurrence of Synodontis violaceus in the Cross River is not corroborated. Therefore, it should be considered a typical West African species.
Comparative genome analyses of three serotypes of Lactococcus bacteria isolated from diseased cultured striped jack (Pseudocaranx dentex)
Authors: Mahmoud Mahmoud Mostafa , Abdelsalam Mohamed , Kawato Satoshi , Harakawa Shogo , Kawakami Hidemasa , Hirono Ikuo , Kondo Hidehiro 
Published: April 2023

AbstractLactococcosis, caused by members of the genus Lactococcus, represents a devastating disease inducing mass mortalities and economic losses in many fish species worldwide. The present work aimed to compare the whole genome sequences of three different serotypes of Lactococcus garvieae isolated from diseased cultured striped jack (Pseudocaranx dentex) in Ehime prefecture, Japan. The three serotypes showed different virulence in the challenge test using Japanese amberjack (Seriola quinqueradiata). The genome sequencing revealed that two of the strains (serotype I and serotype III) were identified as L. garvieae, while the third strain (serotype II) was identified as L. formosensis. The chromosome sizes of the three serotypes ranged from 1.9 to 2.0 Mb; the GC content ranges were 38.2 to 38.9%; and the numbers of predicted protein‐coding sequences (CDSs) were from 1922 to 1959. Only the serotype II harbours two plasmids, sizes of around 14 kb and 9 kb. The detected virulence factors varied among the different serotypes with some shared factors like adherence, anti‐phagocytosis, secretion system, toxin (haemolysin), serum resistance, antimicrobial resistance and others. The genomes also contained factors responsible for resistance to toxic compounds. The genome of the serotype III tended to encode more prophage regions than the other serotypes.