bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dominance of face over voice in human attractiveness judgments: ERP evidence
Authors: Liu Meng , Sommer Werner , Yue Siqi , Li Weijun 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe attractiveness of a person, a complex, and socially relevant type of information, is transmitted in many ways, not least through face and voice. However, it is unclear how the stimulus domains carrying attractiveness information interact. The present study explored the audiovisual perception of attractiveness in a Stroop‐like paradigm using event‐related potentials (ERPs). Participants were presented with face‐voice pairs carrying congruent or incongruent attractiveness information and, in turn, judged the attractiveness level of each domain while ignoring the other. Voice attractiveness judgments were influenced by unattended face attractiveness, in terms of both, early perceptual encoding (N170, P200) as well as later evaluative stages (N400, LPC). In contrast, effects of unattended voice attractiveness on face attractiveness judgments were confined to early perceptual encoding (N170). These results demonstrate not only the interaction of multiple domains in human attractiveness perception at different processing stages but also a relative dominance of face over voice attractiveness.
Association of accelerometer‐measured physical activity and midlife income: A Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 Study
Authors: Junttila Hanna Elina , Vaaramo Mikko Matias , Huikari Sanna Martta , Kari Jaana Tuulikki , Leinonen Anna‐Maiju , Farrahi Vahid , Korpelainen Raija , Korhonen Marko Juhani 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study investigated the association between physical activity (PA) and midlife income. The population‐based data comprised employed members of the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 (N = 2797). Using binned scatterplots and polynomial regressions, we evaluated the association between accelerometer‐measured moderate PA (MPA), vigorous PA (VPA), and moderate‐to‐vigorous PA (MVPA) at 46 years old and register‐based income at 50 years old. The models were adjusted for sex, marital status, number of children, education, adolescent PA, occupational physical strenuousness, and time preference. We found MPA (p < 0.001), VPA (p < 0.05), and MVPA (p < 0.001) to associate curvilinearly with income. In subgroup analyses, a curvilinear association was found between MPA (p < 0.01) and MVPA (p < 0.01) among those with physically strenuous work, VPA among all females (p < 0.01) and females with physically light work (p < 0.01), and MPA and MVPA among all males and males with physically strenuous work (p < 0.05; p < 0.01; p < 0.05; p < 0.05, respectively) and income. The highest income benefits occurred at PA volumes higher than current PA guidelines. Linear associations between PA and income were found among females for MPA (p < 0.05) and MVPA (p < 0.05), among those with physically light work for MPA (p < 0.05), VPA (p < 0.05), and MVPA (p < 0.05), and among females with physically strenuous work for VPA (p < 0.05). We conclude that PA up to the current recommended level is associated with income, but MPA exceeding 505.4 min/week, VPA exceeding 216.4 min/week, and MVPA exceeding 555.0 min/week might have a negative association with income.
Self‐control: An integrative framework
Authors: Werner Kaitlyn M. , Ford Brett Q. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractResearch on self‐control has flourished within the last two decades, with many researchers trying to answer one of the most fundamental questions regarding human behaviour—how do we successfully regulate desires in the pursuit of long‐term goals? While recent research has focused on different strategies to enhance self‐control success, we still know very little about how strategies are implemented or where the need for self‐control comes from in the first place. Drawing from parallel fields (e.g., emotion regulation, health) and other theories of self‐regulation, we propose an integrative framework that describes self‐control as a dynamic, multi‐stage process that unfolds over time. In this review, we first provide an overview of this framework, which poses three stages of regulation: the identification of the need for self‐control, the selection of strategies to regulate temptations, and the implementation of chosen strategies. These regulatory stages are then flexibly monitored over time. We then expand this framework by outlining a series of growth points to guide future research. By bridging across theories and disciplines, the present framework improves our understanding of how self‐control unfolds in everyday life.
Unvaxxed and unafraid: Unvaccinated Americans perceive less disease risk than do vaccinated Americans
Authors: Hauser David J. , Meier Brian P. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIs disease risk perception accurately calibrated among the unvaccinated? People shift their attitudes to rationalize their choices, so those who choose to be unvaccinated may be motivated to feel less at risk. In three studies (total N = 1446), we asked Americans how worried they were about catching/spreading influenza and COVID‐19 and whether they were vaccinated against those diseases. Unvaccinated participants felt less at risk of catching/spreading the diseases they were unvaccinated against than vaccinated participants. For instance, unvaccinated participants felt ∼24% less at risk of catching/spreading COVID‐19 and had ∼28% stronger intention to engage in activities that carried a high risk of COVID‐19 transmission (Study 3). Overall, those who choose to be the most vulnerable to disease feel and act the least vulnerable.
Social determinants of health, prenatal maternal stress, and earlier birth during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Preis Heidi , Wang Weihao , Zhu Wei , Mahaffey Brittain , Lobel Marci 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDuring the COVID‐19 pandemic, pregnant women, especially those from socioeconomically disadvantaged and marginalized groups, experienced unprecedented stress. Prenatal stress and social determinants of health (SDoH) such as lower education and lack of a relationship partner are known to contribute to earlier birth. However, whether SDoH and stress independently contribute or whether the harmful impact of SDoH is mediated by stress is unknown. Moreover, the contributions of these factors has not been investigated in the context of a communal health crisis such as the COVID‐19 pandemic. To examine these processes, we used a longitudinal cohort of 2473 women pregnant during the COVID‐19 pandemic who reported a live birth. We compared structural equation models predicting gestational age at birth from SDoH (race/ethnicity, education, financial security, health insurance, relationship status, and lifetime abuse) and from prenatal maternal stress related and unrelated to the COVID‐19 pandemic. Results indicate that the association of SDoH with earlier birth was partially mediated by prenatal stress. These findings help uncover mechanisms explaining health disparities in the U.S. and highlight the need to address both SDoH and the stress that these factors produce in under‐resourced and marginalized communities.
Examining college students' food security coping strategies and experiences during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Ahmed Tanzina , Shane Jacob , Chu Caitlin , Edwards Arielle , Caicedo David , Ilieva Rositsa T. , Verdino Joseph , Jiang Karen , Brusche Daniel , Wong Ho Yan , Yan Anita , Aleong Charmaine 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCollege students' food situations may have been disrupted by the COVID‐19 pandemic, which could have affected their health and well‐being. However, little is known about how the pandemic impacted students' food experiences and how students coped with food‐related disruptions, particularly from the student's own perspective. This study reviews data from 571 undergraduates who attended public colleges during Fall 2021 and Spring 2022 and wrote a narrative about the pandemic's impact on their food experiences. Most students indicated they experienced a wide range of food difficulties and adapted new food practices. Despite these challenges, students emphasized proactive coping strategies and positive pandemic outcomes rather than difficulties and negative outcomes. These findings have implications for students' long‐term health and well‐being.
Social cohesion predicts COVID‐19 vaccination intentions and uptake
Authors: Cárdenas Diana , Orazani Nima , Manueli Farah , Donaldson Jessica L. , Stevens Mark , Cruwys Tegan , Platow Michael J. , O’Donnell James , Zekulin Michael G. , Qureshi Israr , Walker Iain , Reynolds Katherine J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCOVID‐19 vaccination is widely regarded as an individual decision, resting upon individual characteristics and demographic factors. In this research, we provide evidence that psychological group membership, and more precisely, social cohesion—a multidimensional concept that encompasses one's sense of connectedness to, and interrelations within, a group—can help us understand COVID‐19 vaccination intentions (Study 1) and uptake (Study 2). Study 1 is a repeated‐measures study with a representative sample of 3026 Australians. We found evidence that social cohesion can be conceptualised as a multidimensional structure; moreover, social cohesion at Wave 1 (early in the COVID‐19) predicted greater vaccination intention and lower perceived risk of vaccination at Wave 2 (4 months later). In Study 2 (a cross‐sectional study, N = 499), the multidimensional structure of social cohesion was associated with greater uptake of vaccine doses (in addition to willingness to receive further doses and perceived risk of the vaccine). These relations were found after controlling for a series of demographic (i.e., sex, age, income), health‐related factors (i.e., subjective health; perceived risk; having been diagnosed with COVID‐19), and individual differences (political orientation, social dominance orientation, individualism). These results demonstrate the need to go beyond individual factors when it comes to behaviours that protect groups, and particularly when examining COVID‐19 vaccination—one of the most important ways of slowing the spread of the virus.
Mönckeberg's medial calcific sclerosis in diabetic and non‐diabetic foot infections
Authors: Suludere Mehmet A. , Killeen Amanda L. , Crisologo Peter A. , Kang Gu E. , Malone Matthew , Siah Michael C. , Lavery Lawrence A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and extent of lower extremity Mönckeberg's Medial Calcific Sclerosis (MMCS) in patients with and without diabetes in patients admitted to the hospital for foot infections. This study retrospectively reviewed 446 patients admitted to the hospital with a moderate or severe foot infection. We defined diabetes based on ADA criteria and reviewed electronic medical records for demographics, medical history and physical examination data. Anterior–posterior and lateral foot radiographs were examined to identify the presence and extent of vascular calcification. We categorised MMCS based on anatomical location: ankle joint to the navicular‐cuneiform joint, Lis Franc joint to metatarsophalangeal joints and distal to the metatarsophalangeal joints. The prevalence of MMCS was 40.6%. The anatomic extent of MMCS was 19.3% in the toes, 34.3% in the metatarsals and 40.6% in the hindfoot/ankle. Calcification was not common solely in the dorsalis pedis artery (DP) (3.8%) or solely in the posterior tibial artery (PT) (7.0%). Usually, both DP and PT arteries were affected by MMCS (29.8%). The prevalence of MMCS was higher in people with diabetes (in hindfoot and ankle [50.1% vs. 9.9%, p ≤ 0.01]; metatarsals [42.6% vs. 5.9%, p ≤ 0.01]; and toes [23.8% vs. 4.0%, p ≤ 0.01]). People with diabetes were 8.9 (CI: 4.5–17.8) times more likely to have MMCS than those without diabetes. This is a group that often has poor perfusion and needs vascular assessment. The high prevalence of MMCS raises questions about the reliability of the conventional segmental arterial Doppler studies to diagnose PAD.
Examining the efficacy of a telehealth intervention targeting addictive eating in Australian adults (the TRACE Programme): a randomised controlled trial protocol
Authors: Skinner Janelle A , Whatnall Megan , Leary Mark , Collins Rebecca A , Pursey Kirrilly M , Verdejo-García Antonio , Hay Phillipa J , Baker Amanda L , Hides Leanne , Paxton Susan J , Wood Lisa G , Colyvas Kim , Collins Clare E , Burrows Tracy L 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionApproximately 15%–20% of the adult population self-report symptoms of addictive eating. There are currently limited options for management. Motivational interviewing-based interventions, containing personalised coping skills training, have been found to be effective for behaviour change in addictive disorders (eg, alcohol). This project builds upon foundations of an addictive eating feasibility study previously conducted and co-design process involving consumers. The primary aim of this study is to examine the efficacy of a telehealth intervention targeting addictive eating symptoms in Australian adults compared with passive intervention and control groups.Methods and analysisThis three-arm randomised controlled trial will recruit participants 18–85 years, endorsing ≥3 symptoms on the Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS) 2.0, with body mass index >18.5 kg/m2. Addictive eating symptoms are assessed at baseline (pre-intervention), 3 months (post-intervention) and 6 months. Other outcomes include dietary intake and quality, depression, anxiety, stress, quality of life, physical activity and sleep hygiene. Using a multicomponent clinician-led approach, the active intervention consists of five telehealth sessions (15–45 min each) delivered by a dietitian over 3 months. The intervention uses personalised feedback, skill-building exercises, reflective activities and goal setting. Participants are provided with a workbook and website access. The passive intervention group receives the intervention via a self-guided approach with access to the workbook and website (no telehealth). The control group receives personalised written dietary feedback at baseline and participants advised to follow their usual dietary pattern for 6 months. The control group will be offered the passive intervention after 6 months. The primary endpoint is YFAS symptom scores at 3 months. A cost–consequence analysis will determine intervention costs alongside mean change outcomes.Ethics and disseminationHuman Research Ethics Committee of University of Newcastle, Australia provided approval (H-2021-0100). Findings will be disseminated via publication in peer-reviewed journals, conference presentations, community presentations and student theses.Trial registration numberAustralia New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12621001079831).
‘connEcted caesarean section’: creating a virtual link between MOthers and their infanTs to ImprOve maternal childbirth experieNce – study protocol for a PILOT trial (e-motion-pilot)
Authors: Corbaz Fiona , Boussac Emilie , Lepigeon Karine , Gomes Dias Diana , Marcadent Sandra , Desseauve David , Horsch Antje 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionOne-third of mothers rate their childbirth as traumatic. The prevalence of childbirth-related post-traumatic stress disorder (CB-PTSD) is 4.7%. Skin-to-skin contact is a protective factor against CB-PTSD. However, during a caesarean section (CS), skin-to-skin contact is not always feasible and mothers and infants are often separated. In those cases, there is no validated and available solution to substitute this unique protective factor. Based on the results of studies using virtual reality and head-mounted displays (HMDs) and studies on childbirth experience, we hypothesise that enabling the mother to have a visual and auditory contact with her baby could improve her childbirth experience while she and her baby are separated. To facilitate this connection, we will use a two-dimensional 360° camera filming the baby linked securely to an HMD that the mother can wear during the end of the surgery.Methods and analysisThis study protocol describes a monocentric open-label controlled pilot trial with minimal risk testing the effects of a visual and auditory contact via an HMD worn by the mother airing a live video of her newborn compared with treatment-as-usual in 70 women after CS. The first 35 consecutive participants will be the control group and will receive the standard care. The next 35 consecutive participants will have the intervention. The primary outcome will be differences in maternal childbirth experience (Childbirth Experience Questionnaire 2) at 1-week postpartum between the intervention and control groups. Secondary outcomes will be CB-PTSD symptoms, birth satisfaction, mother–infant bonding, perceived pain and stress during childbirth, maternal anxiety and depression symptoms, anaesthesiological data and acceptability of the procedure.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval was granted by the Human Research Ethics Committee of the Canton de Vaud (study number 2022–00215). Dissemination of results will occur via national and international conferences, peer-reviewed journals, public conferences and social media.Trial registration numberNCT05319665.
Assessing physical inactivity as a risk factor for chronic kidney diseases in Iranian population
Authors: Moeinzadeh Firouzeh , Babahajiani Media , Seirafian Shiva , Mansourian Marjan , Mortazavi Mojgan , Shahidi Shahrzad , Vahdat Sahar , Saleki Mohammad 
Published: June 2023

ObjectivesPhysical inactivity is a major adjustable lifestyle risk factor in renal patients; nevertheless, research on the association of physical activity (PA) with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is unclear.DesignCross-sectional.SettingWe evaluated the secondary care related to the nephrology specialists.ParticipantsWe evaluated PA in 3374 Iranian patients with CKD aged ≥18 years. Exclusion criteria were current or prior kidney transplantation, dementia, institutionalisation, expected to start renal replacement therapy or leave the area within study duration, participation in a clinical trial or inability to undergo the informed consent process.Primary and secondary outcomeThe renal function parameters were measured and compared with PA, assessed by the Baecke questionnaire. Estimated glomerular filtration rate, haematuria and/or albuminuria were used to estimate decreased kidney function and the incidence of CKD. To estimate the relationship between PA and CKD, we used the multinomial adjusted regression models.ResultsIn the first model, findings indicate that the patients with the lowest PA score had significantly higher odds of CKD (OR 1.44, 95% CI 1.16 to 1.78; p=0.01), adjustment for age and sex attenuated this relationship (OR 1.25, 95% CI 1.56 to 1.78, p=0.04). Furthermore, adjusting for low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, triglyceride, fasting blood glucose, body mass index, waist circumference, waist/hip ratio, coexisting diseases and smoking made this relationship insignificant (OR 1.23, 95% CI 0.97 to 1.55; p=0.076). After adjusting for potential confounders, we found that patients with lower PA have higher odds of CKD stage 2 (OR 1.62, 95% CI 1.13 to 2.32; p=0.008), no association with other CKD stages.ConclusionThese data suggest that physical inactivity contributes to the risk of early CKD, so encouraging patients with CKD to maintain higher PA levels could be used as a simple and useful tool to decrease the risk of disease progression and its related burden.
Treatment effectiveness and side effects of patients with hepatitis C in the prisons of Southern Taiwan: a real-life retrospective analysis
Authors: Tsai Yu-Chi , Yu Ming-Lung , Ko Chou-Yuan , Hsin Yi-Hsiang , Tsai Qi-Zhang , Huang Chien-Wei 
Published: June 2023

ObjectiveHepatitis C is an important risk factor for cirrhosis and liver cancer in the Taiwanese population. Domestic prisons reported a higher rate of hepatitis C infection than the national average. Efficient and effective treatment of patients with hepatitis C in prisons is required to decrease the number of infections. This study analysed the effectiveness of hepatitis C treatment and its side effects in prison patients.DesignThis retrospective analysis included adult patients with hepatitis C who received direct-acting antiviral agents between 2018 and 2021.SettingThe special hepatitis C clinics in the two prisons were run by a medium-sized hepatitis C treatment hospital in Southern Taiwan. Three direct-acting antiviral agents, sofosbuvir/ledipasvir for 12 weeks, glecaprevir/pibrentasvir for 8 or 12 weeks and sofosbuvir/velpatasvir for 12 weeks, were adopted based on patient characteristics.Participants470 patients were included.Outcome measureThe sustained virological response at 12 weeks after the end of treatment was compared between the different groups.ResultsMost of the patients were men (70.0%) with a median age of 44 years. The most prevalent hepatitis C virus genotype was genotype 1 (44.26%). A total of 240 patients (51.06%) had a history of injectable drug use; 44 (9.36%) and 71 (15.11%) patients were coinfected with hepatitis B virus and HIV, respectively. Only 51 patients (10.85%) had liver cirrhosis. Most patients (98.30%) had normal renal function or no history of kidney disease. The patients had a sustained virological response achievement rate of 99.2%. The average incidence of adverse reactions during treatment was approximately 10%. Many of the adverse reactions were mild and resolved spontaneously.ConclusionDirect-acting antiviral agents are effective for treating hepatitis C in Taiwanese prisoners. These therapeutics were well-tolerated by the patient population.
QUality of life and Economic evaluation after neuroSTimulation for Epilepsy (QUESTE) in adolescents and adults with drug-resistant epilepsy: protocol for a multicentre, prospective observational cohort study in The Netherlands
Authors: Smeets Jacco J A S , Rijkers Kim , Ackermans Linda , Schijns Olaf , van Mastrigt Ghislaine A P G , Rouhl Rob , Wagner G Louis , van Kuijk Sander , Nelissen Jeske , van Straaten Ilse E C W , Kho Kuan , Snoeijen-Schouwenaars Francesca , Meppelink Anne-Marthe , Klinkenberg Sylvia , Majoie H J M 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionEpilepsy is one of the most common chronic neurological disorders. Antiseizure medication (ASM) is the first choice of treatment, however, 30% of epilepsy patients are drug-resistant. For these patients, neuromodulation can be an option, especially when epilepsy surgery is not possible or did not lead to seizure freedom. Epilepsy is associated with reduced quality of life (QoL), which heavily depends on seizure control.The most recent Cochrane reviews have shown that vagus nerve stimulation and deep brain stimulation of the anterior nucleus of the thalamus, lead to a responder rate OR of, respectively, 1.93 and 1.20. The question arises if neuromodulation for drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) will be more cost-effective than sole treatment with ASM. The current study aims to determine the change in QoL after neuromodulation. Secondarily, we will aim to study the cost-effectiveness of these treatments.Methods and analysisThis prospective cohort study aims at including 100 patients aged 16 or above who will be referred for neuromodulation, from January 2021 to January 2026. After informed consent, QoL and other relevant parameters will be assessed at baseline, 6 months, 1, 2 and 5 years after surgery. Data on seizure frequency will be derived from patient charts. We expect that DRE patients will report better QoL after neuromodulation. Even if they would still report seizures, the treatment can be seen as useful. This is especially true when patients can participate in society again to a greater extent than before treatment.Ethics and disseminationThe board of directors of participating centres all gave permission for this study to commence. The medical ethics committees decided that this study does not fall under the Medical Research Involving Human Subjects Act (WMO). The findings of this study will be presented at (inter)national conferences and in peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration numberNL9033.