bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LRRK2 Inhibition by BIIB122 in Healthy Participants and Patients with Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Jennings Danna , Huntwork‐Rodriguez Sarah , Vissers Maurits F.J.M. , Daryani Vinay M. , Diaz Dolores , Goo Marisa S. , Chen John J. , Maciuca Romeo , Fraser Kyle , Mabrouk Omar S. , van de Wetering de Rooij Jeroen , Heuberger Jules A.A.C. , Groeneveld Geert Jan , Borin Marie T. , Cruz‐Herranz Andrés , Graham Danielle , Scearce‐Levie Kimberly , De Vicente Javier , Henry Anastasia G. , Chin Peter , Ho Carole , Troyer Matthew D. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundLeucine‐rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) inhibition is a promising therapeutic approach for the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD).ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of the potent, selective, CNS‐penetrant LRRK2 inhibitor BIIB122 (DNL151) in healthy participants and patients with PD.MethodsTwo randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled studies were completed. The phase 1 study (DNLI‐C‐0001) evaluated single and multiple doses of BIIB122 for up to 28 days in healthy participants. The phase 1b study (DNLI‐C‐0003) evaluated BIIB122 for 28 days in patients with mild to moderate PD. The primary objectives were to investigate the safety, tolerability, and plasma pharmacokinetics of BIIB122. Pharmacodynamic outcomes included peripheral and central target inhibition and lysosomal pathway engagement biomarkers.ResultsA total of 186/184 healthy participants (146/145 BIIB122, 40/39 placebo) and 36/36 patients (26/26 BIIB122, 10/10 placebo) were randomized/treated in the phase 1 and phase 1b studies, respectively. In both studies, BIIB122 was generally well tolerated; no serious adverse events were reported, and the majority of treatment‐emergent adverse events were mild. BIIB122 cerebrospinal fluid/unbound plasma concentration ratio was ~1 (range, 0.7–1.8). Dose‐dependent median reductions from baseline were observed in whole‐blood phosphorylated serine 935 LRRK2 (≤98%), peripheral blood mononuclear cell phosphorylated threonine 73 pRab10 (≤93%), cerebrospinal fluid total LRRK2 (≤50%), and urine bis (monoacylglycerol) phosphate (≤74%).ConclusionsAt generally safe and well‐tolerated doses, BIIB122 achieved substantial peripheral LRRK2 kinase inhibition and modulation of lysosomal pathways downstream of LRRK2, with evidence of CNS distribution and target inhibition. These studies support continued investigation of LRRK2 inhibition with BIIB122 for the treatment of PD. © 2023 Denali Therapeutics Inc and The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Educational level and the risk of mental disorders, substance use disorders and self‐harm in different age‐groups: A cohort study covering 1,6 million subjects in the Stockholm region
Authors: Li Baojing , Allebeck Peter , Burstöm Bo , Danielsson Anna‐Karin , Degenhardt Louisa , Eikemo Terje A. , Ferrari Alize , Knudsen Ann Kristin , Lundin Andreas , Manhica Hélio , Newton John , Whiteford Harvey , Flodin Pär , Sjöqvist Hugo , Agardh Emilie E. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the associations between low education and risk of mental disorders, substance use disorders and self‐harm in different age‐groups.MethodsAll subjects in Stockholm born between 1931 and 1990 were linked to their own or their parent's highest education in 2000 and followed‐up for these disorders in health care registers 2001–2016. Subjects were stratified into four age‐groups: 10–18, 19–27, 28–50, and 51–70 years. Hazard Ratios with 95% Confidence Intervals (CIs) were estimated with Cox proportional hazard models.ResultsLow education increased the risk of substance use disorders and self‐harm in all age‐groups. Males aged 10–18 with low education had increased risks of ADHD and conduct disorders, and females a decreased risk of anorexia, bulimia and autism. Those aged 19–27 years had increased risks of anxiety and depression, and those aged 28–50 had increased risks of all mental disorders except anorexia and bulimia in males with Hazard Ratios ranging from 1.2 (95% CIs 1.0–1.3) for bipolar disorder to 5.4 (95% CIs 5.1–5.7) for drug use disorder. Females aged 51–70 years had increased risks of schizophrenia and autism.ConclusionLow education is associated with risk of most mental disorders, substance use disorders and self‐harm in all age‐groups, but especially among those aged 28–50 years.
Quantification of cross‐relaxation in downfield 1H MRS at 7 T in human calf muscle
Authors: Swago Sophia , Elliott Mark A. , Nanga Ravi Prakash Reddy , Wilson Neil E. , Cember Abigail , Reddy Ravinder , Witschey Walter R. 
Published: February 2023

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to characterize the 1H downfield MR spectrum from 8.0 to 10.0 ppm of human skeletal muscle at 7 T and determine the T1 and cross‐relaxation rates of observed resonances.MethodsWe performed downfield MRS in the calf muscle of 7 healthy volunteers. Single‐voxel downfield MRS was collected using alternately selective or broadband inversion‐recovery sequences and spectrally selective 90° E‐BURP RF pulse excitation centered at 9.0 ppm with bandwidth = 600 Hz (2.0 ppm). MRS was collected using TIs of 50–2500 ms. We modeled recovery of the longitudinal magnetization of three observable resonances using two models: (1) a three‐parameter model accounting for the apparent T1 recovery and (2) a Solomon model explicitly including cross‐relaxation effects.ResultsThree resonances were observed in human calf muscle at 7 T at 8.0, 8.2, and 8.5 ppm. We found broadband (broad) and selective (sel) inversion recovery T1 = mean ± SD (ms): T1‐broad,8.0ppm = 2108.2 ± 664.5, T1‐sel,8.0ppm = 753.6 ± 141.0 (p = 0.003); T1‐broad,8.2ppm = 2033.5 ± 338.4, T1‐sel,8.2ppm = 135.3 ± 35.3 (p < 0.0001); and T1‐broad,8.5ppm = 1395.4 ± 75.4, T1‐sel,8.5ppm = 107.1 ± 40.0 (p < 0.0001). Using the Solomon model, we found T1 = mean ± SD (ms): T1‐8.0ppm = 1595.6 ± 491.1, T1‐8.2ppm = 1737.2 ± 963.7, and T1‐8.5ppm = 849.8 ± 282.0 (p = 0.04). Post hoc tests corrected for multiple comparisons showed no significant difference in T1 between peaks. The cross‐relaxation rate σAB = mean ± SD (Hz) of each peak was σAB,8.0ppm = 0.76 ± 0.20, σAB,8.2ppm = 5.31 ± 2.27, and σAB,8.5ppm = 7.90 ± 2.74 (p < 0.0001); post hoc t‐tests revealed the cross‐relaxation rate of the 8.0 ppm peak was significantly slower than the peaks at 8.2 ppm (p = 0.0018) and 8.5 ppm (p = 0.0005).ConclusionWe found significant differences in effective T1 and cross‐relaxation rates of 1H resonances between 8.0 and 8.5 ppm in the healthy human calf muscle at 7 T.
Peri‐procedural management and incidence of bleeding events following musculoskeletal injections or aspirations in people on oral anticoagulation and antiplatelet therapy
Authors: McCrum Carol , Furner Rosie , Grainger Sally 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundCorticosteroid injections and aspirations are common interventions for managing musculoskeletal and inflammatory conditions. However, there remains limited safety evidence to support injection decisions and peri‐procedural management in people on anti‐thrombotics, particularly for direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs).ObjectivesTo investigate peri‐procedural management and bleeding complications following musculoskeletal injections or aspirations with anti‐thrombotic medication use.DesignA prospective observational study was undertaken (October 2018–December 2020) in Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Radiology specialities in two large UK healthcare providers. Data collection involved weekly identification of musculoskeletal procedures, emergency attendance or admission within 30 days and follow‐up questionnaires sent within 2 weeks post‐procedure. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse anticoagulant/anti‐platelet use, peri‐procedural management and bleeding complications.ResultsOf 5080 procedures, 237 of 1338 responses reported antithrombotic use: warfarin (n = 36), DOACs (n = 75) and antiplatelets (n = 126). There were no self‐report or electronic identification of clinically significant bleeding events/complications. Only local bruising was reported (8.6% vs. 0.2% with non‐use), and only with medication continuation or international normalised ratio (INR) levels ≥3.8 or unknown. Only 3/72 DOAC use was interrupted.ConclusionsIn this study, no clinically significant bleeding events or complications were reported or identified following musculoskeletal injections or aspirations, with only localised bruising reported. It was not universal practice to check INR levels and DOAC interruption was uncommon. Findings add evidence that musculoskeletal procedures appear to be low risk procedures for bleeding complications with antithrombotic continuation and when INR levels within lower target range. Research on intra‐articular or soft tissue iatrogenic consequences would add to risk/benefit evaluations.
Pelvic floor muscle training: Novel versus traditional remote rehabilitation methods. A systematic review and meta‐analysis on their effectiveness for women with urinary incontinence
Authors: Papanikolaou Dimitra Tania , Lampropoulou Sofia , Giannitsas Konstantinos , Skoura Anastasia , Fousekis Konstantinos , Billis Evdokia 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the effectiveness of supervised remote rehabilitation programs comprising novel methods of pelvic floor muscle (PFM) training for women with urinary incontinence (UI).DesignA systematic review and meta‐analysis including randomized controlled trials (RCTs), involving novel supervised PFM rehabilitation programs as intervention groups (e.g., mobile applications programs, web‐based programs, vaginal devices) versus more traditional PFM exercise groups (acting as control); both sets of groups being offered remotely.MethodsData have been searched and retrieved from the electronic databases of Medline, PUBMED, and PEDro using relevant key words and MeSH terms. All included study data were handled as reported in the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions and the evaluation of their quality was undertaken utilizing the Cochrane risk‐of‐bias tool 2 (RoB2) for RCTs. The included RCTs, involved adult women with stress UI (SUI) or mixed urinary incontinence, where SUI were the most predominant symptoms. Exclusion criteria involved pregnant women or up to 6‐month postpartum, systemic diseases and malignancies, major gynecological surgeries or gynecological problems, neurological dysfunction or mental impairments. The searched outcomes included subjective and objective improvements of SUI and exercise adherence in PFM exercises. Meta‐analysis was conducted and included studies pulled by the same outcome measure.ResultsThe systematic review included 8 RCTs with 977 participants. Novel rehabilitation programs included mobile applications (1 study), web‐based programs (1 study) and vaginal devices (6 studies) versus more traditional remote PFM training, involving home‐based PFM exercise programs (8 studies). Estimated quality with Cochrane's RoB2, presented the 80% of the included studies as “some concerns” and the 20% as “high risk.” Meta‐analysis included 3 studies with no heterogeneity (I2 = 0) across them. Weak‐evidenced results presented home PFM training equally effective with novel PFM training methods (mean difference: 0.13, 95% confidence interval: −0.47, 0.73), with small total effect size (0.43).ConclusionsNovel PFM rehabilitation programs presented as effective (but not superior) to traditional ones in women with SUI, both offered remotely. However, individual parameters of novel remote rehabilitation including supervision by the health professional, remains in question and larger RCTs are required. Connection between devices and applications in combination with real‐time synchronous communication between patient and clinician during treatment is challenged for further research across novel rehabilitation programs.
Bioelectrical impedance analysis–derived phase angle predicts sarcopenia in patients on maintenance hemodialysis
Authors: Wang Ying , Hu Yezi , Zhang Mengyan , Jin Hui , Wen Yi , Tang Rining , Wang Bin , Liu Bicheng , Liu Hong 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to investigate the association between phase angle (PhA) and sarcopenia and evaluate its performance as a sarcopenia predictor in patients receveing maintenance hemodialysis (MHD).MethodsAll enrolled patients underwent handgrip strength (HGS) and the 6‐m walk test, and muscle mass was measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis. Sarcopenia was diagnosed according to the diagnostic criteria of the Asian Sarcopenia Working Group. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the PhA as an independent predictor of sarcopenia after adjusting for confounding factors. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the predictive value of PhA in sarcopenia.ResultsTwo hundred forty‐one patients receiving hemodialysis were enrolled in this study, and the prevalence of sarcopenia was 28.2%. Patients with sarcopenia presented a lower PhA value (4.7° vs 5.5°; P < 0.001), lower muscle mass index (6.0 vs 7.2 [kg/m2]; P < 0.001), lower HGS (19.7 vs 26.0 [kg]; P < 0.001), and lower walk speed (0.83 ± 0.27 vs 0.92 ± 0.23 [m/s]; P = 0.007) than patients without sarcopenia. The odds of patients receiving MHD presenting with sarcopenia increased as PhA decreased, even after adjustment (odds ratio = 0.39; 95% CI, 0.18–0.85; P = 0.019). ROC analysis revealed that the best cutoff value of PhA for sarcopenia was 4.95° in patients receiving MHD.ConclusionPhA may be a useful and simple predictor for predicting patients undergoing hemodialysis who are at risk of sarcopenia. To further facilitate the application of PhA in the diagnosis of sarcopenia, more research need to be conducted.
Two 8‐node quadrilateral unsymmetric elements with different incompatible modes immune to severe distortion
Authors: Yang Yuan‐Fan , Huang Ying‐Qing , Wang Ji‐Zhen , Liu Xiao‐Chuan , Chen Hai‐Bo 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMost unsymmetric quadrilateral elements have demonstrated a high tolerance to mesh distortion in pure bending problems involving coarse meshes. However, they have difficulty achieving acceptable results in shearing‐dominated problems, and the element's performance is affected by the degree of mesh distortion. In this paper, two 8‐node quadrilateral elements are developed by introducing two different incompatible modes into the unsymmetric formulation. The unsymmetric framework with two different sets of interpolation functions for displacement fields provides the basis for the immunity property. The incompatible displacement mode and the enhanced assumed strain guarantee the completeness of the displacement field interpolation polynomials, and the satisfaction of ‐orthogonality condition ensures the accuracy of the simulations. The resulting elements, respectively, denoted as UQ10 and UQ10/E4, can provide exact solutions for both pure and linear bending problems and exhibit excellent insensitivity in shear‐dominated tests. Furthermore, they are invariant, rapidly converging, and free of various locking problems.
Insulin injection knowledge, attitude and behaviour of nurses: A cross‐sectional study in Guangdong Province
Authors: Liao Yangyang , Liu Xueyan , Huang Jiewei , Chen Qingling , Li Ningning , Zhou Peiru 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimTo understand the insulin injection knowledge, attitude and behaviour of nurses and their influencing factors in Guangdong Province.DesignCross‐sectional study.MethodsA total of 19,853 nurses from 82 hospitals in 15 cities in Guangdong, China, participated in this study. The scores of the nurses' insulin injection knowledge, attitude and behaviour were determined through a questionnaire, and multivariate regression analysis was used to evaluate the influencing factors of insulin injection in different dimensions. STROBE.ResultsAmong all nurses involved in this study, 22.3% of nurses had good knowledge, 75.9% of nurses had good attitude and 92.7% of nurses had good behaviour. Pearson's correlation analysis showed that knowledge, attitude scores and behaviour scores were significantly correlated. The influencing factors of knowledge, attitude and behaviour included gender, age, education, nurse level, work experience, type of ward, diabetes nursing certification, position held and most recent insulin administration.
Correlation between quality of discharge teaching, readiness for hospital discharge and health outcomes of hysterectomy patients: A structural equation model analysis
Authors: Guan Meijun , Feng Xianqiong 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimTo explore the relationship between the quality of discharge teaching, readiness for hospital discharge and postdischarge health outcomes in hysterectomy patients.DesignCross‐sectional online survey.MethodsA cross‐sectional survey design was used to investigate 331 hysterectomy patients in a hospital in Chengdu. The results were analysed using Spearman's correlation and structural equation model.ResultsSpearman's correlation analysis revealed moderate‐to‐strong correlations among the quality of discharge teaching, readiness for hospital discharge and postdischarge health outcomes. The total and direct effects of the quality of discharge teaching on patients' readiness for hospital discharge were both 0.70 and readiness for hospital discharge on patients' postdischarge health outcomes were both 0.49. The total, direct and indirect effects of the quality of discharge teaching on patients' postdischarge health outcomes were 0.58, 0.24 and 0.34, respectively. Readiness for hospital discharge mediated the interaction mechanism.
King Olaf's men? Contextualizing Viking burials at S:t Olofsholm, Gotland, Sweden
Authors: Geber Jonny , Pickard Catriona , Macaud Sarah , Sten Sabine , Carlsson Dan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe discovery of burials at S:t Olofsholm, a site associated with the Saint Olaf cult on Gotland in Sweden, has enabled a bioarchaeological contextualization of medieval legends and sagas in conjunction with the archaelogical record. This study seeks to illuminate who were buried at S:t Olofsholm, through a biocultural lens, and whether these burials can be linked to folklore and sagas associated with the site. Five burials of possibly six individuals (cal. AD 980–1270) were assessed macroscopically and through stable isotope analysis (δ13C, δ15N, δ34S, 87Sr/86Sr, and δ18O) of incremental dentine, bulk enamel, and bone samples. Sagas and legends associated with S:t Olofsholm mention episodes of conflict and contact involving King Olaf Haraldsson of Norway (later canonized as Saint Olaf), Gutes and Icelanders, and travels between Norway and Kyiv Rus. Two (or three) burials show signs of violent deaths, including evidence of sharp force trauma and burning. Isotope analyses indicate local and non‐local signals, with possible links to southern Scandinavia, Britain, Iceland, the Baltics, and Kyiv Rus. In general, the evidence neither challenges nor confirms the legends and sagas associated with S:t Olofsholm. Instead, the findings illustrate the site's function as an early Christian place of worship within a wider Viking world that was characterized by travel and contact across the Baltic Sea, Scandinavia, and beyond. The burials at S:t Olofsholm are likely to be non‐normative as indicated by their place of interment and the violent cause of death of most individuals.
Subsistence strategies in the Late Neolithic and Bronze Age in Nenjiang River Basin: A zooarchaeological and stable isotope analysis of faunal remains at Honghe site, Northeast China
Authors: Liang Qiyao , Chen Quanjia , Zhang Naifan , Zhang Wei , Ning Chao , Cai Dawei 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe Nenjiang River Basin, located in the northern part of Northeast China, is an important cultural region that has attracted much attention from academic communities. Previous studies demonstrated that hunting and gathering always dominate the subsistence for prehistoric populations in this region. Herein, we further investigate the evolution of dietary and economic strategies in the Late Neolithic and Bronze Age occupations at the recently excavated Honghe site of the Nenjiang River Basin by means of a multidisciplinary approach incorporating zooarchaeological and stable isotope analysis. The results of zooarchaeological approaches indicate that the Honghe populations rely extensively on hunting and fishing during the Late Neolithic (4500–4000 cal BP), consistent with the results of previous studies. Interestingly, by the Bronze Age (3100–2400 cal BP), animal husbandry develops as one main economic strategy, corresponding to the probable decline of hunting and fishing, which is different from the previous reports. In addition, based on the results of stable isotopic approaches, C3 plants are always prominent diets for animals and humans from the Late Neolithic to the Bronze Age, which signifies that crop agriculture does not appear to have been of primary importance during either of these eras, in contrast to the C4 agricultural tradition formed in the Neolithic Age of the southern part of Northeast China. The findings of this paper shed some more light on the evolution of human subsistence strategies in the Nenjiang River Basin.
Dogs (14–18th centuries AD) from Nadym Gorodok archaeological site (Western Siberia, Russia): Morphology and function
Authors: Bachura Olga P. , Lobanova Tatyana V. , Kardash Oleg V. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAn osteological collection of dogs from an aboriginal population settlement (Nadym Gorodok) in Western Siberia is described in this work. There were numerous bones (more than 1600) well preserved in the permafrost cultural layer, including almost complete skeletons of dogs of various ages. Craniological characteristics and reconstructions of the size and functions of the aboriginal dog were studied. The analysis of the finds showed that there was a large number of dogs in Nadym Gorodok in the 14–18th centuries AD. Dogs were bred on site in the settlement. During the 4 centuries, middle‐size dogs of the same build were kept in Nadym Gorodok. In size and general skull shape, the dogs were similar to the modern laika breed. The dogs were used mainly for hunting. During a hunt, dogs stalked prey and pulled sledges as a draft animal. There were no herding dogs.
Enhancement and control of water vapor permeability and thermal conductivity of polymers: A review
Authors: Chen Deyan , Liang Ze , Liu Yang , Zhang Zetian , Li Zhengjun 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe water vapor permeability (WVP) and thermal conductivity of polymers are of great significance in personal cooling and even in responding to energy crises. This review attempts to discuss the factors that affecting these two properties at first, and then discusses the relationship between them from the aspects of hydrophilicity, porous structure, biomimetic layered structure, and so on. Generally, porous structure or hydrophilicity is beneficial to water vapor permeation, while dense structure is more conducive to the formation of heat conduction path and network, that is, to heat conduction. Of course, thermal conductive filler is the decisive factor for high thermal conductivity of polymer composites. Interestingly, the transmission process of water vapor also positively affects the heat conduction of polymer to a certain extent. Especially, the biomimetic fiber membrane with multi‐branch network following Murray's law, which integrates high WVP and high thermal conductivity, is one of the development directions of special concern. Finally, the related problems to be solved are put forward and prospected. It is hoped that this review will have positive guiding significance for developing polymer membranes and functional textile coatings with high moisture permeability and high thermal conductivity.