bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resolution of hypertension after kidney transplantation is associated with improved kidney transplant outcomes: a nationwide cohort study
Authors: Lee Kyungho , Kim Bong-Sung , Jeon Junseok , Shin Dong Wook , Lee Jung Eun , Huh Wooseong , Han Kyung-Do , Jang Hye Ryoun 
Published: January 2025

Objectives:
Patients with advanced chronic kidney disease suffer from hypertension, and kidney transplantation (KT) has potential to induce hypertension resolution. We hypothesized that hypertension resolution after KT is associated with better KT outcomes.

Methods:
We identified KT recipients (2006–2015) who had pretransplant hypertension. They were categorized into two groups based on their hypertension status after KT: persistent vs. resolved hypertension, using data from the Korea National Health Insurance System. Cox proportional hazard analyses were performed to assess the risk of graft failure and mortality, adjusting for various clinical factors.

Results:
Among 11 317 KT recipients with pretransplant hypertension, 7269 (64%) remained hypertensive, while 4048 (36%) experienced hypertension resolution. Recipients with resolved hypertension exhibited a lower prevalence of delayed graft function and major comorbidities, including diabetes, ischemic heart disease, and stroke. Graft failure and mortality rates were significantly lower in resolved hypertension group. After adjusting for multiple covariates, hazard ratios of resolved hypertension were 0.61 (95% confidence interval 0.52–0.72) for graft failure and 0.68 (0.56–0.81) for all-cause mortality.

Conclusions:
A significant proportion of patients experienced hypertension resolution after KT, which is associated with improved graft and overall survival. The post-KT hypertension resolution can be used as a prognostic indicator for predicting better KT outcomes.
Impacts of hypertension and diabetes on the incidence of cardiovascular diseases and all-cause mortality: findings from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study cohort
Authors: Tu Qiang , Hyun Karice , Lin Shuanglan , Hafiz Nashid , Manandi Deborah , Li Emily , Wang Xinzheng , Wu Haisheng , Redfern Julie 
Published: January 2025

Objective:
The study aimed to examine the individual and joint effects of hypertension and diabetes on cardiovascular diseases and all-cause mortality among the middle-aged and older Chinese population.

Methods:
A total of 9681 individuals without preexisting CVD from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) were included. Participants were classified into four different groups: hypertension alone, diabetes alone, both conditions, neither condition. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards models were performed to estimate the risks of all-cause mortality and CVD.

Results:
During the 7-year follow-up, 967 deaths and 1535 CVD events were documented. Compared to individuals without hypertension and diabetes, hypertension alone [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 1.571, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.316–1.875, P < 0.001], diabetes alone (aHR 1.618, 95% CI 1.187–2.205, P < 0.01) and comorbid hypertension and diabetes (aHR 2.041, 95% CI 1.557–2.677, P < 0.001) increased risks of all-cause mortality. The aHRs for CVD events in individuals with both conditions, hypertension alone and diabetes only were 2.011 (95% CI 1.651–2.449, P < 0.001), 1.408 (95% CI 1.233–1.608, P < 0.001) and 1.036 (95% CI 0.808–1.327, P > 0.05), respectively. The risk of CVD among those with comorbid hypertension and diabetes exceeded the sum of the risks due to hypertension and diabetes alone (relative excess risk ratio = 0.567, 95% CI 0.136–0.999).

Conclusion:
Individuals with comorbid hypertension and diabetes had greater risks of CVD and all-cause mortality, beyond those associated with either condition alone. The synergistic interaction between hypertension and diabetes aggravated the risk of CVD.
Formulas to estimate dietary sodium intake from spot urine lead to misleading associations with cardiovascular disease risk and mortality
Authors: Song Jing , Wang Changqiong , Pombo-Rodrigues Sonia , MacGregor Graham A. , Campbell Norm R.C. , He Feng J. 
Published: January 2025

Objectives:
To test the hypothesis that the association of formula-estimated sodium intake from spot urine with cardiovascular disease is independent of spot urinary sodium concentration.

Methods:
We included 435 336 participants in the UK Biobank whose sodium intake was estimated from spot urine using INTERSALT, Kawasaki, and Tanaka formulas. Hazard ratios for cardiovascular disease (CVD) events and deaths were estimated using Cox proportional-hazard model adjusted for multiple covariates. Penalized Cox regression was used to assess nonlinear relations. Hazard ratios were recalculated after replacement of the sodium concentration term with sex-specific mean values (women: 67.5 mmol/l; men: 89.8 mmol/l) to assess how other components of the formulas influenced these associations.

Results:
Forty-four thousand two hundred and sixty-eight CVD events and 3251 CVD deaths occurred during a median follow-up of 12 years. The mean estimated sodium intake was 143 (SD = 35), 178 (52), and 147 (33) mmol/day based on INTERSALT, Kawasaki, and Tanaka formulas, respectively. For CVD incidence, linear inverse associations were observed for INTERSALT and Tanaka estimates [hazard ratios (95% CIs) for every 50 mmol increase in estimated sodium intake: 0.9 (0.83–0.97) and 0.93 (0.89– 0.97); P-linear = 0.0047 and 0.0021], and a U-shaped association for the Kawasaki estimates (P-nonlinear = 0.0026). When the sodium concentration term was fixed, inverse associations were seen for all formulas [0.86 (0.77–0.95), 0.96 (0.93–0.99) and 0.94 (0.89–0.99) for INTERSALT, Kawasaki, and Tanaka; P linear = 0.0054, 0.0166 and 0.0188]. For CVD mortality, no association was observed, but a nonlinear association was identified for the INTERSALT equation (P-nonlinear = 0.0287) after fixing the sodium concentration.

Conclusion:
These formula-estimated sodium intakes were associated with CVD incidence and mortality independently of spot urinary sodium concentration. We recommend these formulas not be used in studies associating sodium intake with CVD outcomes to avoid generating misleading evidence.
Diabetes Endothelial Keratoplasty Study: Methods and Impact on the Use of Corneas From Donors With Diabetes for Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty
Authors: Price Marianne O. , Szczotka-Flynn Loretta B. , Bauza Colleen E. , Reed Zachariah W. , Benetz Beth Ann , Greiner Mark A. , Verdier David D. , Soper Mark C. , Titus Michael S. , Monnier Vincent M. , Arafah Baha M. , Kollman Craig , Beck Roy W. , Lass Jonathan H. ,   Writing Committee for the Diabetes Endothelial Keratoplasty Study Group
Published: January 2025

Purpose:
Describe aims, methods, characteristics of donors, donor corneas and recipients, and potential impact of the Diabetes Endothelial Keratoplasty Study (DEKS).

Methods:
The DEKS is a randomized, clinical trial to assess graft success and endothelial cell density (ECD) 1 year after Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) using corneas from donors with versus without diabetes in a 1:2 minimization assignment. Diabetes severity in the donor is assessed by medical history, postmortem HbA1c, and donor skin advanced glycation end-products and oxidation markers. A central image analysis reading center assesses baseline donor, 1-month and 1-year postoperative ECD.

Results:
The DEKS used corneas from 1154 donors for 1421 DMEK procedures on 1097 participants (324 bilateral) at 28 clinical sites. Forty-eight tissue preparations failed (3%). Mean donor age was 65 years; mean eye bank–determined screening ECD was 2709 cells/mm2. Ultimately, 106 (9%) of 1154 donors without diabetes history were classified as diabetic based on postmortem HbA1c ≥6.5%, and 509 (36%) of 1421 donor lenticules were classified as coming from diabetic donors. Recipients were 58% female, 96% White, and 53% phakic. Study eyes were treated for Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (96%), pseudophakic corneal edema (2%), and failed endothelial keratoplasty (2%). Mean recipient age was 70 years; 21% had diabetes history and 26 (2%) had central laboratory determined HbA1c ≥6.5% without diabetes history.

Conclusions:
The DEKS will increase understanding of factors related to DMEK success while determining whether diabetes and/or diabetes severity in the donor and/or recipient adversely affects graft success and endothelial cell loss.
Lucia Keratoprosthesis in a Sclerocorneal Graft for Recurrent Graft Rejection Secondary to Herpetic Keratitis
Authors: Ortiz-Morales Gustavo , Serrano-Robles José Gerardo , Vera-Duarte Guillermo Raul , Rodríguez-Loaiza José Luis , Navas Alejandro , Ramirez-Miranda Arturo , Graue-Hernandez Enrique O. 
Published: January 2025

Purpose:
To report the surgical approach of a Lucia keratoprosthesis (KPro) on a sclerocorneal graft in the setting of recurrent graft rejection and perilimbal scleral thinning.

Methods:
A case report.

Results:
We report the case of a 26-year-old man with a history of herpes simplex keratitis, 2 penetrating keratoplasties, graft failure, secondary glaucoma, and a conjunctival flap in the right eye who underwent a Lucia KPro, lens extraction, glaucoma drainage device, and pars plana vitrectomy. The surgery involved releasing the conjunctival flap, revealing severe perilimbal scleral thinning. The use of a sclerocorneal graft to mount the Lucia KPro allowed an effective combined procedure by providing a healthy sclera. At the last follow-up (34 months), the patient had retained the Lucia KPro and had a best-corrected visual acuity of 20/400.

Conclusions:
The Lucia KPro on a sclerocorneal graft may be a viable option to provide healthy sclera in patients requiring combined KPro surgery.
Applying Results of Extended Genotyping to Management of Positive Cervicovaginal Human Papillomavirus Test Results: Enduring Guidelines
Authors: Massad L. Stewart , Clarke Megan A. , Perkins Rebecca B. , Garcia Francisco , Chelmow David , Cheung Li C. , Darragh Teresa M. , Egemen Didem , Lorey Thomas S. , Nayar Ritu , Newman Morgan , Risley Carolann , Smith Robert A. , Wentzensen Nicolas ,   Enduring Consensus Cervical Cancer Screening and Management Guidelines Committee
Published: January 2025

Objective
The Enduring Consensus Cervical Cancer Screening and Management Guidelines Committee developed recommendations for the use of extended genotyping results in cervical cancer prevention programs.

Methods
Risks of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 or worse were calculated using data obtained with the Onclarity HPV Assay from large cohorts. Management recommendations were based on clinical action thresholds developed for the 2019 American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology Risk-Based Management Consensus Guidelines. Risk estimates were reviewed in relation to clinical action thresholds and used as the basis for draft recommendations. After an open comment period, recommendations were finalized and ratified through a vote by the Consensus Stakeholder Group.

Results
Colposcopy is recommended after positive tests for human papillomavirus (HPV) types 16 and 18. For those positive for HPV 45, 33/58, 31, 52, 35/39/68, or 51 but negative for 16 or 18, triage with cytology or dual stain testing is recommended. When screening with primary HPV testing, for patients who test positive for HPV types 56/59/66 and no other carcinogenic types, repeat HPV testing in 1 year is recommended. When screening with cotesting, for those who test positive for HPV types 56/59/66 and no other carcinogenic types, 1-year return is recommended for negative for intraepithelial lesion or malignancy, atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance, and low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, and colposcopy is recommended for atypical squamous cells cannot exclude high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (ASC-H), atypical glandular cells, high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, or carcinoma. When patients without prior high-grade cytology (atypical squamous cells cannot exclude high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, atypical glandular cells, high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion, or carcinoma) or histology (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia [CIN]2, CIN3, or adenocarcinoma in situ) are being followed, use of extended genotyping results is acceptable. When high-grade cytology or histology results are present, or when patients are being followed after treatment of CIN2+, management using the 2019 guidelines is recommended.

Conclusions
Human papillomavirus extended genotyping can guide clinical management in the setting of a positive HPV test result.
Audio-Based Care for Managing Chronic Conditions in Adults
Authors: Albritton Jordan A. , Booth Graham , Kugley Shannon , Reddy Shivani , Coker-Schwimmer Manny , Fujita Miku , Crotty Karen 
Published: January 2025

Background:
There is a lack of consensus on the effectiveness of audio-based care to manage chronic conditions. This knowledge gap has implications for health policy decisions and for health equity, as underserved populations are more likely to access care by telephone.

Objectives:
We compared the effectiveness of audio-based care to usual care for managing chronic conditions (except diabetes).

Design:
We used systematic review methods to synthesize available evidence.

Studies:
We searched for English-language articles reporting on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of adults diagnosed with a chronic condition published since 2012.

Outcomes:
We abstracted data on clinical outcomes, patient-reported health and quality of life, health care access and utilization, care quality and experience, and patient safety.

Results:
We included 40 RCTs evaluating audio-based care for a variety of chronic conditions, including cancer, heart failure, neurological disease, respiratory disease, musculoskeletal conditions, kidney disease, and others. There was significant heterogeneity across conditions and interventions. We generally found low to very low certainty of evidence of comparable effectiveness in the use of audio-based care to replace other care. Audio care as a supplement exhibited greater effectiveness in some outcomes, with generally low to very low certainty of evidence for most outcomes but moderate certainty for 2 groups of study outcomes.

Conclusions:
More research is needed to identify the conditions, populations, and intervention design combinations that improve outcomes and to determine when audio-based care can effectively replace other synchronous care.
The most important prognostic factors for predicting major adverse cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and renal events during 5-year follow-up of patients with chronic kidney disease with or without haemodialysis
Authors: Toyama Takuji , Kasama Shu , Sato Makito , Sano Hirokazu , Ueda Tetsuya , Sasaki Toyoshi , Nakahara Takehiro , Higuchi Tetsuya , Tsushima Yoshito , Kurabayashi Masahiko 
Published: January 2025

Objective
Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have an increased risk of adverse cardio-cerebrovascular events. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the prognostic predictors over 5 years in patients with CKD including haemodialysis.

Methods
In this multicenter, prospective cohort study performed with the Gunma-CKD SPECT Study protocol, 311 patients with CKD [estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 min/ml/1.73 m2], including 50 patients on haemodialysis, undergoing stress Tc-99m-tetrofosmin SPECT for suspected ischaemic heart disease were followed for 5 years. MACCRE was evaluated, and summed stress score, summed rest score, summed difference score (SDS), left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), end-systolic volume (LVESV) and ejection fraction (LVEF) were evaluated by electrocardiogram-gated SPECT.

Results
Of the 311 patients, 268 were followed for 5 years, and of those patients, 126 experienced MACCRE: cardiac death, n = 15; sudden death, n = 5, nonfatal myocardial infarction, n = 5; hospitalization for heart failure, n = 16; cerebrovascular accident, n = 9; revascularization, n = 49; renal events (haemodialysis initiation/kidney transplantation), n = 20 and other cardiovascular events, n = 7. In univariate Cox analysis, eGFR (P < 0.0001), haemoglobin (P = 0.001), SDS (P = 0.0001), LVEDV (P = 0.002), LVESV (P = 0.0003) and LVEF (P < 0.0001) were associated with MACCRE, and in multivariate Cox analysis, eGFR (P = 0.014) and SDS (P = 0.002) were strongly associated with MACCRE. In Kaplan–Meier analysis, the event-free survival rate for MACCRE was better in patients with SDS below 3 than in those with SDS of 3 or higher (P < 0.0001, log-rank test) and in patients with eGFR of 18 or higher than in those with eGFR below 18 (P < 0.0001, log-rank test).

Conclusion
In patients with CKD, SDS and eGFR are reliable prognostic markers for the occurrence of MACCRE over 5 years.
Move Better, Live Better: A novel supervised combined training for peripheral arterial disease: A quasi-experimental approach
Authors: Peñín-Grandes Saúl , López-Ortiz Susana , de la Fuente Gómez Montserrat , Pinto-Fraga José , Lista Simone , Maroto-Izquierdo Sergio , Lucia Alejandro , del Río Solá Mª Lourdes , Martín-Hernández Juan , Santos-Lozano Alejandro 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Objective:
This study aimed to analyze the effect of a novel supervised exercise therapy (SET) program based on intermittent treadmill walking and circuit-based moderate-intensity functional training (MIFT) on walking performance and HRQoL in PAD patients.

Design:
All participants underwent a 12-week SET that involved 15 to 30 minutes of treadmill walking followed by a 15-minute moderate-intensity functional training (MIFT) continued by 12-week of follow-up. Maximum walking distance (MWD), pain-free walking distance (PFWD), gait speed and estimated peak oxygen uptake (peak VO2) were calculated through the 6-minute walk test (6-MWT) and HRQoL through the Short Form-36 (SF-36) and the Vascular Quality of Life Questionnaire-6 (VascuQol-6).

Results:
There were statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) between baseline and post-intervention for walking performance outcomes [MWD (MD: 88.53 m), PFWD (MD: 62.89 m), gait speed (MD: 0.24 m·s-1) and peak VO2 (MD: 2.04 ml·kg−1·min−1)] and for HRQoL [physical functioning in SF-36 (MD: 6.93 points) and VascuQol-6 (MD: 1.46 points)]; while no differences were found between baseline and 12-week follow-up.

Conclusion:
Results seem to show that 12-week of novel SET based on intermittent walking and MIFT induced significant clinical improvements in key functional variables of PAD while cessation of exercise leads to significant negative clinical changes in subsequent weeks of follow-up.
Improving Access to Early Developmental Evaluation in Academic Primary Care Centers
Authors: Samaan Zeina M. , Williams-Arya Pamela , Copeland Kristen , Burkhardt Mary Carol , Schumacher Jayna , Hardie Jennifer , White Cynthia , Reyner Allison , Taylor Makeba , Ehrhardt Jennifer 
Published: January 2025

Introduction:
Developmental disorders (DDs) affect approximately 1 in 6 children in the United States. Early identification and treatment improve developmental outcomes and child and family functioning. Disparities exist in the diagnosis of DD that leads to inequitable access to developmental services during important periods of neuroplasticity. Improve access to the developmental and behavioral pediatrics (DBP) clinic for developmental evaluation when developmental delays occur among children 3–5 years of age by increasing the percentage of children scheduled for and completing an initial visit in 90 days from 20% to 40%.

Methods:
We used the Institute of Health Improvement model, executed mapping failure modes, created a key driver diagram and conducted plan-do-study-act cycles. We plotted data over time in a statistical control chart. The key intervention was an expedited, collaborative referral and scheduling process developed, tested, and implemented by the general pediatric clinic and DBP stakeholders. Additional interventions included reminder notifications and calls to patients who missed appointments.

Results:
The percentage of patients referred to DBP who scheduled and completed their initial visit in DBP within 90 days increased from 20% to 40%. DBP clinicians suspecting that patients had global developmental delay and/or autism spectrum disorder at the initial DBP visit referred them for more extensive developmental testing with psychology and speech-language providers.

Conclusions:
Access to developmental evaluation for preschool-aged children at risk for delayed diagnosis and treatment was improved using quality improvement methodology focused on flexible and creative priority scheduling practices from within the medical home.
Protective effects of liensinine against acetaminophen-induced liver injury through relieving inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis
Authors: Suo Yaran , Li Shuyu , Fu Chunjin , Chai Xin , Liao Jingjing , Wong Yin Kwan , Lyu Haining , Xu Chengchao 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Acetaminophen (APAP)-induced hepatotoxicity has attracted considerable attention in clinical settings due to the limited treatment options available. Liensinine stands out as a key alkaloid known for its pharmaceutical activities. However, the role of liensinine in mitigating APAP-induced liver injury remains unclear.

Objective
The aim of the study was to explore the protective effects of liensinine against APAP-induced liver injury.

Methods
C57BL/6 male mice were treated with a dose of 200 mg/kg N-acetylcysteine or varying doses of liensinine (10 or 20 mg/kg) for seven consecutive days. APAP (400 mg/kg, i.g.) was then administered to induce liver damage for 12 hours. Blood samples and hepatic tissues were collected for further analysis. Liver enzyme levels and histopathological analysis were employed to assess liver injury. RNA-seq was conducted to evaluate the dynamic changes in gene expression. Biochemical assays were used to measure oxidative stress and inflammation, while the TUNEL assay was performed to assess hepatocyte apoptosis.

Results
The results demonstrated that the administration of liensinine mitigated serum liver enzyme levels and tissue damage resulting from APAP overdose. Transcriptome analysis revealed significant and coordinated changes in genes related to the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor signaling pathway, mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway, and apoptosis pathway in response to APAP-induced hepatotoxicity. The expression alterations of key genes within these three pathways, associated with inflammation, oxidative stress, and cell apoptosis, were reversed by liensinine, indicating its potential in alleviating APAP-induced liver damage through multiple signaling pathways. This suggests the diverse therapeutic effects of liensinine, including inflammation suppression, oxidative stress reduction, and cell apoptosis inhibition. Indeed, pretreatment with liensinine effectively reduced inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress indicators, and apoptotic cells induced by APAP.

Conclusions
Liensinine mitigates APAP-induced hepatotoxicity in mice through multifaceted pathways, providing anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic benefits.
Microbe Profile: Salmonella Typhimurium: the master of the art of adaptation
Authors: Perez-Sepulveda Blanca M. , Hinton Jay C. D. 
Published: January 2025

Graphical abstract
Visual overview of the pathogenesis, virulence characteristics and taxonomic classification of Salmonella Typhimurium. Left panel: key characteristics of Salmonella Typhimurium. Right panel: taxonomy of Salmonella enterica, subspecies and serovars. iNTS: invasive non-typhoidal Salmonella; Mφ: macrophage; DC: dendritic cell; SPIs: Salmonella pathogenicity islands. Perez-Sepulveda & Hinton Microbe Profile: Salmonella Typhimurium.