bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute Toxicity Tests of TEMPO-oxidized Cellulose Nanofiber Using Daphnia magna and Oryzias latipes
Authors: TAI RIE , Ogura Isamu , Okazaki Toshiya , Iizumi Yoko , Mano Hiroyuki 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Ecotoxicity data on cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) is limited despite their wide application prospects. Herein, acute toxicity tests of 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical (TEMPO)-oxidized CNF to Daphnia magna and Oryzias latipes were conducted according to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) test guidelines taking the CNF dispersibility during the test into account. To select a suitable test medium, the interaction between the medium components and CNF was first evaluated using five test media with different ion concentrations. The viscosity, zeta potential, and concentration uniformity of TEMPO-CNF changed with increasing ionic concentration. The toxicity test results showed no acute toxicity of TEMPO-CNF to the two species, even at the highest exposure concentrations in this study. Both the median effective concentration (EC50) and median lethal concentration (LC50) were > 100 mg/L. In most cases, the measured CNF concentrations were within 20% of the nominal concentrations and remained largely constant. However, in the D. magna acute toxicity test, the concentration uniformity of TEMPO-CNF tended to decrease when the CNF concentration was low. Our results demonstrate the importance of measuring CNF concentrations during testing. We also found that the ion concentrations in the test solution changed because of the interaction between the medium components and TEMPO-CNF. This finding demonstrates the importance of examining the components of the medium to avoid mistaking the effects of depletion of the medium components on aquatic organisms for the direct effects of TEMPO-CNF on aquatic organisms.
SFTSV nucleoprotein mediates DNA sensor cGAS degradation to evade cGAS-dependent antiviral responses.
Authors: Yu Xue-Jie , Jiang Zezheng , Min Chu , Yan Lina , Zhang Wenkang , Li Bang , Xu Jiao , Zhao Zhongxin , Zhou Chuan-min , Han Huiju 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) is an important DNA pattern recognition receptor that mediates the antiviral innate immune responses by sensing intracellular self and non-self DNA. A tick-borne emerging bunyavirus, Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) is an RNA virus that causes a severe viral hemorrhagic fever in East and Southeast Asia countries with a high case fatality rate of up to 30%. However, it remains elusive whether cGAS is capable of recognizing SFTSV infection. Here, we uncovered a novel mechanism of the interplay between DNA sensor cGAS and RNA virus SFTSV. SFTSV infection triggered the relocalization of mitochondrial DNA, which led to the upregulation of cGAS transcription and expression in striking levels. Thus, the invasion of SFTSV was recognized by cGAS to initiate the activation of cGAS-dependent type Ⅰ interferon antiviral immune responses, indicating that cGAS is important for innate immunity against SFTSV infection. In addition, our results showed that SFTSV nucleoprotein (NP) could function as novel viral virulence factor, which mediated the degradation of cGAS and therefore suppressed the production of type Ⅰ interferon. Mechanically, NP promoted cGAS degradation in an autophagy-dependent manner by linking the 161-382 domain of cGAS to LC3. Taken together, our results unravel a novel army race between SFTSV and host cell innate immunity, illustrating a novel antagonistic mechanism employed by SFTSV NP to inhibit cGAS-dependent antiviral innate immune responses to activate the type I interferon pathway.
Silicon photonics enabled universal cross-scale tensor processing on chip
Authors: Jiang Tian , Ouyang Hao , Tao Zilong , You Jie , Luo Yihao , Hao Hao , Du Shiyin , Tang Shengjie , Lv Hai-Bin , Liu Xiaoping , Zheng Xin , Cheng Xiangai , Zhang Jun 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In the rapidly evolving field of artificial intelligence, integrated photonic computing has emerged as a promising solution to address the growing demand for high-performance computing with increased speed and reduced energy consumption. This study presents a novel silicon photonic cross-scale tensor processing (SiP-CSTP) system on chip, designed to enhance the computing scale without increasing the hardware scale. By expanding the computing scale to accommodate the larger matrix processing scale, the SiP-CSTP system enables accelerated pooling, channel fusion, and matrix multiplication processes in convolutional neural networks. Notably, our architecture significantly reduces the number of operations required during pooling and channel fusion, distinguishing it from conventional computing systems. Experimental evaluations demonstrate the high-speed performance of the SiP-CSTP system, including a 14 Gbaud/s NRZ modulation rate for input tensors, a 6-bit accuracy for weight matrices, and an impressive total computing power of 0.252 TOPS, resulting computing power per unit as high as 0.06 TOPS /unit in a small hardware scale. Additionally, we conducted proof-of-concept application experiments on benchmark datasets, including the Modified National Institute of Standards and Technology (MNIST), Google quickdraw, and CIFAR-10. The results exhibited remarkable accuracies of 97.86%, 93.51%, and 70.22%, respectively, in deep image recognition and classification tasks. By enabling cross-scale operations in a universal tensor streaming processing system on a chip, this study opens new avenues for exploration and innovation at the intersection of silicon photonics, cross-scale computation, and artificial intelligence, shaping the future landscape of computing technologies.
An Energy, Delay and Priority-Aware Task Offloading Algorithm for Fog Computing
Authors: Panda Sanjaya Kumar , Pounjula Thanmayee , Ravirala Bhargavi , Taniar David 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Internet of Things (IoT), fog and cloud computing are the most widespread technologies that have become a part of our day-to-day activities. The integration of these technologies will become crucial components for the future Internet as their usage and acceptance rapidly increase. IoT devices (or terminal nodes (TNs)) have limited resource capability to carry out all of their generated tasks. Therefore, they depend on the cloud to assist them in completing all their tasks. However, the distance between TNs to the cloud may lead to network congestion and uneven delay. As a result, fog nodes (FNs) work as an intermediary between TNs and the cloud to minimize delay in completing the TNs' tasks. In this context, previous studies assign the TNs' tasks to FNs based on various criteria, namely energy, delay and priority among the tasks, without combining them. Fair task offloading (FTO) recently combines these criteria to assign the TNs tasks to FNs without significantly considering load balancing among FNs. This paper introduces a multi-objective task offloading algorithm, called EDP-TO, by considering all the criteria and load balancing. The proposed algorithm uses the multi-objective function to select the FNs for offloading. It divides the tasks into multiple sub-tasks and assigns them to the selected FNs, such that the overall delay is minimized. The performance of the proposed algorithm is shown with and without load balancing, called EDP-TO-LB and EDP-TO-WLB, and compared with FTO by considering three scenarios. The comparison results show the superiority of the EDP-TO over the FTO in terms of energy, delay and fairness.
Gut microbiome and plasma lipidome analysis reveals a specific impact of Clostridioides difficile infection on intestinal bacterial communities and sterol metabolism
Authors: Arcay Ricardo Manuel , Barceló-Nicolau Maria , Suárez-Bode Loreto , Martín Luisa , Reigada Rebeca , Höring Marcus , Liebisch Gerhard , Garrido Carmen , Cabot Gabriel , Vílchez Helem , López-Causapé Carla , Oliver Antonio , Barceló-Coblijn Gwendolyn , Mena Ana 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Gut microbiome studies are helping to understand the mechanisms by which Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) and its recurrences are favoured, as well as recovery from it through different types of treatment. In addition to the impact on microbiome composition and given the metabolic changes occurring at the gut level during CDI, our interest focused on the effects at the local and systemic levels, both during the infection and its treatment, by paying particular attention to bile acid (BA) and cholesterol metabolism due to their close relationship to CDI pathogenesis.
A cross-sectional case-control study was performed by obtaining stool and plasma samples from healthy volunteers and patients with CDI diagnosis, primary or recurrent, before and after treatment (antibiotic or faecal material transfer (FMT)) for further analysis. Faecal total DNA was used for sequencing the V3 and V4 variable regions of the 16S rRNA gene. Plasma BAs and lipid profile were established using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.
Results
Specific alterations were observed in the gut microbiota of CDI patients, especially in RCDI, characterized by a loss of microbial richness and diversity and related to a reduction in short-chain acid-producing bacteria and increase in bile salt hydrolase-producing bacteria. FMT-treated patients showed a better restoration of the microbiota than antibiotic-treated patients, resembling that of healthy controls and displaying increased levels of Eubacterium coprostanoligenes, a coprostanol-reducing bacterium. Furthermore, CDI and treated patients exhibited a significant rise in total plasma BA content, particularly in taurine-conjugated BAs. Plasma lipidome analysis revealed a global decline in circulating lipids in CDI patients, with the largest impact on cholesteryl esters. We also identified in CDI patients a specific and consistent decrease in the levels of lipid species containing linoleic acid – an essential fatty acid – which recovered after treatment.
Conclusions
Analysis of the plasma lipidome reflects the impact of CDI on the gut microbiota and its metabolism, evidencing changes in cholesterol, fatty acid, and BA metabolism that are possibly related to the specific alterations observed in gut microbial communities of CDI patients. Importantly, these results suggest that continued nutritional support after successful treatment may be key to a full recovery.
Lycopene protects against high-fat diet-induced atherosclerosis via modulating gut microbiota dysbiosis and related gut-heart axis activation in ApoE −/− mice
Authors: Tu Teng-Chan , Liu Hao , Liu Zhen-Hao , Liang Yun-Yi , Tan Chu-Jun , Feng Dan , Zou Jun 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objective
Lycopene possesses anti-atherosclerotic effects with molecular mechanism not fully identified. This study aimed to explore whether lycopene could regulate gut microbiota, exert anti-inflammatory and anti-atherosclerotic effects by modulating the “gut-heart” axis.
Methods
Male ApoE−/− mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) with or without lycopene for 19 weeks. Gut microbiota was analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing, the protein levels of zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), occludin, toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and phospho-nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) p65 were measured by Western blotting.
Results
Lycopene supplementation significantly lowered serum lipid levels and reduced atherosclerotic lesions. Additionally, lycopene reduced the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroides and increased the relative abundance of gut microbiota related to elevated intestinal barrier function and reduced inflammation, including Verrucomicrobia, Akkermansia and Alloprevotella. Moreover, lycopene up-regulated the expression of intestinal tight junction proteins ZO-1 and occludin, decreased intestinal permeability and serum lipopolysaccharide levels. Lycopene also inhibited the expression of TLR4 and phospho-NF-κB p65 in aortic sinus plaque.
Conclusion
Our results indicated that the protective effect of lycopene against atherosclerosis induced by HFD and further revealed that its mechanism might be its prebiotic effect on maintaining intestinal flora homeostasis and improving intestinal barrier function, consequently reducing serum lipopolysaccharide-triggered inflammatory response in the heart.
Smart irrigation based on cutting-edge Technologies
Authors: BENHMAD Taoufik , RHAIMI Chibani Belgacem 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The Tunisian economy's main driver is agriculture. A significant amount of the freshwater used in this industry is for irrigation. By missing the timings throughout this irrigation procedure, people waste more water. A drop in output rates has been caused by the improper management of irrigation water. Therefore, developing intelligent methods and systems based on cutting-edge technology is essential for the efficient use of fresh water, especially in dry regions with a scarcity of rainfall. Smart irrigation systems might be a viable way to avoid both over-and under-irrigating while also playing a significant part in reducing water use. Thus, we will suggest in this study a novel approach for smart irrigation in the southern Tunisia region to optimize water use and give a remote control and monitoring for the irrigation system. For this, a cloud-based wireless communication system was proposed and evaluated to monitor and control a set of sensors (soil moisture, flowmeter, solenoid value, water level and weather temperature) and actuators to assess the plant water need.
Community-based surveillance programme evaluation using the platform Nyss implemented by the Somali Red Crescent society – a mixed methods approach
Authors: Jung Julia , Larsen Tine Mejdell , Beledi Abdifatah Hussein , Takahashi Emi , Ahmed Abdirahman Omer , Reid Jenny , Kongelf Ida Anine 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
The Somali Red Crescent Society (SRCS) and the Norwegian Red Cross have implemented community-based surveillance (CBS) in Somaliland branches to reduce the high risk of epidemics by strengthening early warning and response from and at community level. CBS is implemented through SRCS community volunteers reporting health risks or events from the community via SMS to the software platform Nyss. This paper presents results of the CBS programme evaluation from 2021.
Methods
The attributes usefulness, flexibility, simplicity, data quality, acceptability, sensitivity, and timeliness were investigated. Routine CBS data from 2021 from Nyss for Awdal and Togdheer region and data from qualitative interviews with different stakeholders were analysed.
Results
The usefulness of the CBS programme in preventing, detecting, and responding to disease outbreaks was acknowledged by the stakeholder. In 2021, CBS generated 138 alerts in Awdal region out of which 83% were escalated to the Ministry of Health and Development (MoHD) as true, meaning they were matching the Community case definition (CCD). For Togdheer region it was 218 out of which 97% were escalated. Cross-checking of alerts by supervisors was done timely.
The programme was flexibly adjusted for new diseases and changing CCDs. Average completeness was 68% for Awdal and 64% for Togdheer.
Alert outcome documentation was done for 63% and 64% out of the escalated alerts for Awdal and Togdheer respectively. For 85% and 98% of these, “action taken” was recorded, indicating any form of response had been carried out. Evidence on sensitivity was limited.
Stakeholders appreciated being engaged, the good collaboration and acceptance of the programme.
Conclusion
The evaluation showed positive results related to the attributes but also identified indicators to improve on. One major improvement to be worked on is documentation of the outcome of alerts to provide better evidence on further system attributes.
A participatory approach and implementation through volunteers showed to be vital in conducting CBS successfully to prevent large scale epidemics by rapid response through the volunteers themselves and early warning of the health authorities and communities.
Nyss was useful to ensure early warning of potential health risks, as well as for efficient programme monitoring and evaluation.
Association between late gadolinium enhancement with or without reverse remodeling and prognosis
Authors: Kawakami Toshinaru , Yahagi Kazuyuki , Oshima Asahi , Gonda Yuki , Yoshiura Daiki , Horiuchi Yu , Asami Masahiko , Yuzawa Hitomi , Komiyama Kota , Tanaka Jun , Aoki Jiro , Tanabe Kengo 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Purpose
Late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) in cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) prevents left ventricular reverse remodeling (LVRR), resulting in a poor prognosis. However, the prognosis of patients who have LGE and achieve LVRR and patients who do not have LGE and do not achieve LVRR remains unknown. This study aimed to answer this question by sorting patients with heart failure based on the presence of LGE and LVRR and comparing their prognoses. In addition, we aimed to identify useful factors for predicting LVRR.
Methods
All patients were followed-up for 24 months. LVRR was defined as a ≥ 10% increase at the last follow-up at 12 ± 6 months from baseline, on echocardiography. The primary endpoint was a composite of cardiovascular death and hospitalization due to worsening heart failure within 18 ± 6 months. Baseline data and data from each outpatient visit were collected and analyzed. We enrolled 80 consecutive patients with heart failure and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (< 50%) who underwent CMR.
Results
LGE was positive in 40 patients (50.0%) and LVRR was observed in 50 patients (63%). The incidence of the primary endpoint was significantly lower in the group that achieved LVRR, regardless of LGE status (LGE-positive group, p = 0.01; LGE-negative group, p = 0.02). In the multivariate analysis, the percentage change in NT-pro BNP levels at 3 months, NT-pro BNP levels at 6 months, and age were independent predictors of LVRR.
Conclusion
LGE-positive patients may have a better prognosis if they achieve LVRR. Serial NT-pro BNP testing may be a valuable predictor of LVRR.
Accuracy of dual-energy computed tomography for bone marrow edema in the sacroiliac joint: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: li xin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
The purpose of this study is to perform a systematic literature review and meta-analysis to assess the accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) of the sacroiliac joint. Bone marrow edema of the sacroiliac joint is an early manifestation of some diseases, such as ankylosing spondylitis, usually examined by nuclear magnetic resonance (MRI), but some patients cannot tolerate MRI, so many studies have analyzed DECT examination.
Methods
PUBMED, CNKI, and EMBASE, 2023 for articles including (DECT) or (DE-CT) or (dual-energy CT) or "dual-energy CT" or (dual-energy computed tomography)) and ((sacroiliac joint) or (ankylosing spondylitis) or (sacroiliac arthritis)). A initial search identified 444 articles, and seven ultimately met the criteria. Data were extracted to calculate the sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic odds for the analysis using the R software.
Results
291 patients, 577 sacroiliac joints and 429 bone marrow edema (74.35%). All studies used magnetic resonance as a control group. For DECT, the overall sensitivity was 86.94%, specificity 87.24%, positive prediction rate 92.55% and negative prediction rate 83.73%.
Conclusion
DECT seems to be a promising diagnostic tool for detecting bone marrow edema in the sacroiliac joint and can be used as an alternative examination method for patients contraindicated to MRI examination.
Viral identification by MALDI-TOF from cell cultures. Application of an in-house library for detection of SARS-CoV-2 and other virus of clinical interest.
Authors: Martin Gabriel , Alba Susana Rojo , Ramos Rainer Campo , Ochoa Cristina , Alba Jose María González , Martínez Zulema Pérez , Boga Jose Antonio , Melón Santiago , Argüelles Marta Elena Álvarez 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
As the COVID-19 pandemic has not a clear end in the horizon, even with the good ratios of vaccination and least severity of new variants as Omicron, developing a wide range of viral detection techniques is important to ease pressure on diagnostic labs.
Well stablished from long ago for bacterial and fungal detection, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization-Time Of Flight (MALDI-TOF) technique is not so well stablished in the virology field, and taking care of its advantages (speed, precision and low cost), this can be a powerful method for viral identification.
With this aim, this study exposes the sensitivity and specificity of an in-house library developed in this system when is used for identification of different viral cultures of Herpes Simplex Virus, Adenovirus and SARS-CoV-2.
Analysis of cognitive characteristics in patients with arterial hypertension in middle and old age
Authors: Shishkova V. N. , Nelyubina A. S. , Dranitsyna B. G. , Kapustina L. A. , Ustarbekova D. B. 
Published: July 2023

Introduction. The study of the spectrum of neurocognitive disorders in patients with arterial hypertension (AH) in order to create an effective therapeutic and rehabilitation strategy is an urgent direction of modern medicine.Aim. To study neuropsychological characteristics in patients with hypertension in middle and old age.Materials and methods. 357 middle-aged and elderly patients with hypertension were examined. All patients underwent neuropsychological examination: Montreal Cognitive Function Assessment Scale (MoCA test), Schulte Table Test, Verbal Association Test, Trail Making Test (TMT), Asthenia Self-questionnaire (MFI-20), O. Kopina Reader Adaptation Test, questionnaire on the level of life exhaustion, hospital anxiety scale and depression (HADS).Results. The analysis of the results of general neuropsychological testing showed a deviation from the reference values in the majority of participants. In the Schulte test, an increase in execution time was noted in 50% of elderly patients and in 21% of middle-aged patients. In the TMT test: an increase in the execution time of part A – in 88% of elderly patients and 58% of middle-aged patients, part B – in 97 and 88% of patients, respectively. The MoCA test demonstrated pronounced cognitive impairment in 16% of middle-aged patients and in 35% of elderly patients. More than 97% of elderly and 88% of middle-aged patients showed a high level of asthenia in the MFI-20 test; life exhaustion was noted in 56 and 45%, and anxiety and depression in more than 50% of elderly and 35% of middle-aged patients, respectively.Conclusion. In the studied groups of patients with hypertension, there was a decrease in the integral index of cognitive functions, as well as changes in indicators in tests characterizing the state of control functions, attention, speed of thought processes and semantic memory, while more pronounced deviations were noted in the elderly. The described cognitive impairments were combined with a high level of psychoemotional tension, anxiety, depression and asthenia.