bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neuroprotective potential of isofraxidin: Alleviating parkinsonian symptoms, inflammation and microglial activation
Authors: Wang Tin-An , Li Shiao-Yun , Fann Li-Yun , Li I-Hsun , Liu Tsung-Ta , Hung Hao-Yuan , Chang Chieh-Wen , Cheng Chih-Chien , Huang Ying-Che , Yu Pei-Yeh , Shih Jui-Hu 
Published: January 2025

Background Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders. Previous research has confirmed that isofraxidin can reduce macrophage expression and inhibit peripheral inflammation. However, its effects on the central nervous system remain underexplored. Objective This study aims to determine whether isofraxidin offers protective effects against PD. Methods To assess the effects of isofraxidin, motor performance changes in LPS-induced PD mice were evaluated using rotarod, pole-climbing, and beam-walking tests. Striatal damage was examined through [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose ([18F]FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) imaging, and dopaminergic neurotoxicity was assessed using tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) staining. Microglial accumulation and activation were monitored with Iba-1 staining, while LPS-induced inflammation was examined via TNF-α and IL-1β staining. Results Isofraxidin pre-treatment significantly improved LPS-induced motor dysfunction, as evidenced by better performance in the rotarod, pole-climbing, and beam-walking tests. [18F]FDG PET imaging showed that isofraxidin restored glucose uptake in the striatum, countering LPS-induced damage. Furthermore, Iba-1 staining revealed that isofraxidin markedly inhibited LPS-induced microglial activation and accumulation. TNF-α and IL-1β staining indicated a reduction in inflammation with isofraxidin treatment. Additionally, TH staining supported the neuroprotective role of isofraxidin on dopaminergic neurons. Conclusions Isofraxidin exhibits notable neuroprotective properties by mitigating LPS-induced parkinsonian behaviors, microglial activation, inflammation, and dopaminergic neuron damage. These results highlight isofraxidin’s potential as a therapeutic intervention for PD.
Trauma-focused evidence-based psychotherapy for post-traumatic stress disorder delivered via video telehealth in the Veterans Health Administration
Authors: Holder Nicholas , Batten Adam , Shiner Brian , Maguen Shira 
Published: January 2025

Introduction Trauma-focused evidence-based psychotherapy (EBP) is the recommended treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). During and after the COVID-19 pandemic, veterans began to initiate general mental health services delivered via video telehealth at high rates. Our goal in the current project was to describe the percentage as well as the demographic, military, and clinical characteristics of veterans receiving PTSD EBPs via video telehealth versus in-person. Methods Using data from the VA electronic health record, we identified a national cohort of all-era veterans who received individual PTSD EBP between April 2022 and April 2023 ( n = 24,447). We used multivariable hierarchical Bayesian logistic regression to model the probability of receiving at least 50% of their EBP care via video telehealth. Results In our sample, 74.4% of veterans who received PTSD EBP used video telehealth for at least one EBP session and 66.8% of veterans received at least half of their EBP sessions by video telehealth. Female veterans, younger veterans, and veterans with fewer mental health comorbidities were more likely to have received their PTSD EBP via video telehealth. Additional strong interaction effects for Black female veterans, Hispanic female veterans, female officer veterans, and Black officer veterans. Discussion Video telehealth delivery of PTSD EBPs was more common than in-person delivery of PTSD EBPs. Consistent with underlying trends in telehealth services, female veterans, and particularly female, racial/ethnic minority veterans were more likely to receive PTSD EBP via video telehealth. Future research designed to contextualize the observed differences in video telehealth delivery of PTSD EBPs should consider the role of social determinants of health.
Association between post-operative mobility restrictions and acute colonic pseudo-obstruction after spinal fixation in major trauma patients: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Carroll James , Hayes Ian , Read David J 
Published: January 2025

Background Acute colonic pseudo-obstruction (ACPO) is a common and potentially serious complication of surgical and trauma care. A possible contributor to ACPO development is impaired mobility. Major trauma patients, particularly those with spinal trauma, are at risk of prolonged mobility restrictions. The aim of this study was to assess the association between impaired mobility and the development of ACPO in major trauma patients undergoing acute thoraco-lumbar spinal fixation. Methods A retrospective cohort study involving major trauma patients admitted to a tertiary trauma facility was performed. The Hospital Trauma Registry was utilised to identify consecutive major trauma patients having urgent thoraco-lumbar spinal fixation. ACPO was defined as dilation of the transverse colon >6 cm or caecum >9 cm without mechanical cause. Immobility was defined by proxy as surgeon-prescribed mobility restrictions. Analysis was performed using multivariable logistic regression. Results ACPO occurred in 34 of 454 patients studied (7.5%). Colonoscopic decompression was required twice. Neostigmine or surgical resection were not required. There was no ACPO-related mortality. On multivariable regression, adjusted for confounding variables, post-operative mobility restrictions were associated with a three-fold increase in odds of ACPO (odds ratio 3.1; 95% confidence interval 1.1–8.9, P = 0.04). Conclusion ACPO was a common, although low-morbidity complication in this cohort. Surgically prescribed mobility restrictions were associated with higher odds of ACPO in major trauma patients having thoraco-lumbar spinal fixation. Attention should be given to early mobilisation, where possible, in these patients.
Computerized adaptive testing for PRWHE measurements using domains of pain and motor function
Authors: Harvey Mary Rose , Rodrigues Jeremy , McEachan Jane , Shiu Chung Tam Simpson , Harrison Conrad 
Published: January 2025

The Patient-Rated Wrist and Hand Evaluation is an outcome measure for patients with conditions affecting the wrist or hand. We evaluated the structural validity of the Patient-Rated Wrist and Hand Evaluation using psychometric techniques, then developed computerized adaptive testing algorithms. Factor analysis found two health constructs consistent with ‘Pain’ and ‘Motor Function’. Two computerized adaptive tests were developed, which reduced the number of items from five to a median of one (‘Pain’), and from 10 to two (‘Motor Function’). Both computerized adaptive tests achieved high levels of precision (standard error of measurement <0.3) and similar scores to the full-length measure, demonstrated by Bland–Altman analysis. Dividing the Patient-Rated Wrist and Hand Evaluation into two subscales could reduce the response burden, improve standardization of outcome measurement for clinicians and provide precise insight into patient symptoms. Level of evidence: N/A
Triple nerve transfer for restoration of elbow flexion in C5–C6 traumatic brachial plexus injuries
Authors: Kamrani Reza Shahryar , Mirzaei Kasra , Hozhabrbayan Mohammadreza , Alitaleshi Hesam , Mossavarali Shervin 
Published: January 2025

We retrospectively reviewed the outcome of triple nerve transfer, including reinnervation of brachioradialis and double nerve transfer surgery in C5–C6 traumatic brachial plexus injuries. Level of evidence: IV
An overlap-weighted analysis on the association of constipation symptoms with disease progression and survival in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a nested case-control study
Authors: Niu Tongyang , Wang Peize , Zhou Xiaomeng , Liu Tingting , Liu Qi , Li Rui , Yang Haitao , Dong Hui , Liu Yaling 
Published: January 2025

Background: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a rapidly progressing and rare neurodegenerative disease. Therefore, evaluating the risk factors affecting the survival of patients with ALS is crucial. Constipation, a common but overlooked symptom of ALS, can be effectively managed. It is currently unknown whether constipation contributes to the progression and survival of ALS. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the association between constipation and ALS development and survival using a novel overlap-weighted (OW) method to enhance the robustness and reliability of results. Design: This prospective matching nested case-control (NCC) study was conducted within an ongoing ALS cohort at the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University. Baseline data were collected from patients meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria, with constipation as the exposure factor. A 9-month follow-up was conducted, with death as the endpoint event. Methods: We primarily used the OW method in NCC studies to examine the association between constipation and ALS development and survival. Weighted Cox proportional hazards model was used to assess risk factors associated with overall survival. Survival differences between the two groups were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier’s plots and log-rank tests. Finally, the bioinformatic analysis explored common pathways between ALS and constipation. Results: Among the 190 patients included, the prevalence of constipation was 50%. Patients with ALS constipation exhibited faster disease progression ( p < 0.001), with a positive correlation between constipation severity and progression rate ( r = 0.356, p < 0.001). The constipation group had poorer survival before and after OW (log-rank test, p < 0.0001). In the Cox proportional hazards model of 114 patients, constipation was a risk factor for ALS both before (hazard ratio (HR) = 5.840, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.504–22.675, p = 0.011) and after (HR = 5.271, 95% CI = 1.241–22.379, p = 0.024) OW. Conclusion: Constipation in individuals with ALS is associated with faster disease progression and reduced survival rates, potentially through the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor pathway.
Trends in treatment and epidemiology of radial head fractures
Authors: Ghayyad Kassem , Kapoor Saumya , Beaudoin Tyler F , Patel Apurvakumar , Oh Luke S , Osbahr Daryl C , Huffman G Russell , Kachooei Amir R 
Published: January 2025

Objective We aimed to assess the recent trends in the demographics of radial head and neck fractures and their management based on displacement. Methods TriNetX was queried for cases from 1 January 2017, through 31 December 2022. ICD diagnosis codes were used to define patient cohorts with radial head or neck fractures. CPT codes were searched to determine the operative patient cohorts. All cases not included under any CPT codes were defined as the nonoperative cohort. Results A total of 103,432 patients were included. The female-to-male ratio was 4:3. The average age of individuals with radial head fractures was 43 ± 25 years, with a greater age in the replacement cohort compared to the fixation group. The incidence rates of displaced and nondisplaced fractures were similar across the years. Nonoperative management was overwhelmingly preferred over operative management. Regarding operative management, internal fixation rates were higher than replacement rates. Conclusion The trend of fracture incidence and the type of operative management has remained constant over the past 6 years. However, an increase in the number of radial head replacements is expected with an aging population. Moreover, radial head and neck fractures are among the benign injuries most frequently managed nonoperatively.
Assessment of Wound Healing Properties of Medicinal Plants: The Case of Berlinia confusa
Authors: Adjei Silas , Amponsah Isaac Kingsley , Ekuadzi Edmund , Hamilton Christopher , Gavrilovic Jelena , Dillon Oliver , El-Demerdash Amr , Asante-Kwatia Evelyn 
Published: January 2025

Objectives Berlinia confusa is used as wound healing agent in folklore medicine. However, this has not been scientifically validated and there is dearth of information on its bioactive metabolites. The current research aimed at evaluating the wound healing, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the stem bark of the plant and track down some of its metabolites. Methods The dermal excision model in Sprague Dawley rats was used for the in vivo wound healing activity of the 70% ethanol extract (formulated as 1% and 2% cream). The DPPH radical scavenging and in-vivo lipid peroxidation assays were used to assess the antioxidant activity whereas the agar well and broth-dilution assays were used for the antimicrobial activity evaluation. The PrestoBlue cell viability in keratinocytes and acute dermal toxicity assays were used for the safety assessment. Results The 1% w/w extract showed over 70% wound surface closure from day 13-23 whereas the 2% w/w exhibited similar effect from day 15-23. The activity of the extract was comparable to 1% silver sulphadiazine (SSD) used as reference agent. The extract (1% w/w) also significantly reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) levels (455.2 ± 11.91) compared to the negative control group (739.8 ± 44.93) and was also superior to silver sulphadiazine (MDA level 548.4 ± 10.73). The extract again showed a considerable antimicrobial activity against pathogenic microorganisms with MIC's in the range of 5-10 mg/mL. The 2% extract did not show any skin irritation and were mildly toxic (88.2 ± 3.76% viability) to keratinocytes. Purification of the extract yielded two (2) major known wound healing metabolites including betulinic acid and catechin. Conclusion Berlinia confusa has demonstrated considerable wound healing in vivo and also mitigated healing modifying factors such as microbes and reactive oxygen species.
Outcomes of Immunotherapy Treatment in Sinonasal Mucosal Melanoma
Authors: Kshirsagar Rijul S. , Eide Jacob G. , Harris Jacob , Abiri Arash , Beswick Daniel M. , Chang Eugene H. , Fung Nicholas , Hong Michelle , Johnson Brian J. , Kohanski Michael A. , Le Christopher H. , Lee Jivianne T. , Nabavizadeh Seyed A. , Obermeyer Isaac P. , Pandrangi Vivek C. , Pinheiro-Neto Carlos D. , Smith Timothy L. , Snyderman Carl H. , Suh Jeffrey D. , Wang Eric W. , Wang Marilene B. , Choby Garret , Geltzeiler Mathew , Lazor Jillian , Mitchell Tara C. , Kuan Edward C. , Palmer James N. , Adappa Nithin D. 
Published: January 2025

Background Sinonasal mucosal melanoma has poor survival despite multimodality treatment. While the impact of immunotherapy (IT) on metastatic cutaneous melanoma is well-defined, there are relatively little data on sinonasal mucosal melanoma. Objective We sought to define immunotherapy outcomes in patients with sinonasal mucosal melanoma. Methods A retrospective cohort study evaluated patients treated with IT during their overall treatment strategy for SNMM. Patient demographics, treatment, and survival outcomes were recorded. Results 52 patients had IT treatment for SNMM from 2000 to 2022, with an average age of 69.1 ± 11.9 years. The most common treatment was surgery with radiation and IT ( n = 26, 50%). Most regimens consisted of a combination of Nivolumab and Ipilimumab ( n = 17, 32.7%) or pembrolizumab ( n = 14, 26.9%). 44.2% of patients experienced reported complications. Overall survival at 1-, 2-, and 5 years was 86.9%, 74.1%, and 39.1%, respectively. Conclusion Approximately half of patients will have a local response following immunotherapy, but it is rare to have improvement at metastatic locations. Further research within our group will assess optimal timing and markers that are predictive of response.
The person-based approach to intervention development: A scoping review of methods and applications
Authors: Holt Lydia , Denford Sarah , Bowers Hannah , Kuberka Paula , Muller Ingrid , Amlôt Richard , Yardley Lucy 
Published: January 2025

Background The person-based approach (PBA) has emerged as a prominent methodology guiding the development of digital and hybrid health behaviour change interventions over the last decade, and there is a salient need to understand its utilization. Objective This study aims to describe which elements of the PBA have been utilised in intervention development research, for which populations, and how this has been reported. Methods A search for intervention development papers published between 2015 and 2023 using forward citation searches was undertaken in Scopus, using two seed articles. Results are presented using frequency counts, and qualitative data were summarised using content analysis. Results The review encompasses 239 papers. The PBA has frequently been applied in early stage development of digital interventions for adult populations, prioritising the use of qualitative methods. It has been used globally to develop, adapt, optimise and evaluate digital, hybrid and offline interventions for a wide range of contexts including primary and secondary healthcare, educational, community, and public health settings. Researchers value it as a proven method to identify user needs and preferences in order to create persuasive content. Conclusion The PBA is most frequently linked to research undertaken to understand target populations and iteratively design content in early development phases. The PBA provides guidance on combining evidence-, theory- and person-based research, but these three elements are not always evident in the literature. Training focused on these elements, plus exemplar studies and use of reporting guidelines, could make this integrative work more visible in future papers.
A qualitative exploration of the early adoption of an electronic medical record system for type 1 diabetes management in Rwanda
Authors: Bille Nathalie , Christensen Dirk Lund , Byberg Stine , Gishoma Crispin , Villadsen Sarah Fredsted , Calopietro Michael 
Published: January 2025

Background Delivering adequate quality care remains a challenge in many low-and middle-income countries (LMICs), especially for people living with type 1 diabetes (T1D), requiring a complex treatment regimen. Digital health solutions, including electronic medical record (EMR) systems, have shown potential to improve delivery and quality of care but still require a successful implementation. Objective To analyze the adoption of a newly implemented EMR system in Rwanda from the perspectives of individuals with T1D, health care providers, and experts. Study design A qualitative study was conducted using the Diffusion of Innovation (DoI) theory to guide the focus of the analysis. A data triangulation strategy was used to gain multi-dimensional insights, involving in-depth interviews and participant observations with T1D individuals, EMR system users, and experts (with varying levels of acquaintance with the EMR system). Experiences of early adoption of the EMR system were explored through thematic analysis guided by the DoI theory. Results In general, all the participant groups had a positive attitude towards the EMR system, believed to increase the likelihood of a successful implementation. The system was described as user-friendly and improved workflows, data quality, and patient care. The main concerns to successful adoption were related to the maintenance and long-term sustainability of the system. Conclusion The EMR system showed great potential, was valued by users, and was positively believed to have potential to improve care and outcomes for patients. However, sustainability aspects must not be overlooked when assessing the adoption and use of an EMR system.
Artificial intelligence in degenerative cervical disease: A systematic review of MRI-based diagnostic models
Authors: Du Qian , Shao Xinxin , Zhang Minbo , Cao Guangru 
Published: January 2025

Objective This systematic review evaluates the performance and limitations of AI-based models for Degenerative cervical diseases (DCD) diagnosis using MRI. Methods A comprehensive literature search was conducted in three databases—PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science—covering studies published between January 2010 and March 2024. Studies were included if they employed AI techniques for the diagnosis or prognosis of DCD using MRI. Key performance metrics, methodological details, and limitations were extracted and analyzed. Results Eleven studies met the inclusion criteria, with AI models showing high diagnostic performance. Accuracy ranged from 81.58% to 98%, sensitivities from 84% to 98%, specificities from 90% to 100%, and AUC values reached up to 0.97. Convolutional neural networks (CNN) were the most frequently used models (four studies), followed by support vector machines (three studies). Comparative analysis revealed that CNN-based approaches showed consistently high performance in ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament detection, while traditional machine learning methods demonstrated varying effectiveness in cervical spondylotic myelopathy classification. Sample sizes varied significantly, ranging from 28 to 900 patients. MRI protocols also differed across studies, with variations in field strengths, slice thicknesses, and sequences used. Seven studies assessed inter-rater reliability. Most studies lacked external validation, which raises concerns about the generalizability of the models. Additionally, hardware configurations were inconsistently reported, and data augmentation techniques were underutilized, limiting the robustness of the models in smaller datasets. Conclusion While AI models for DCD diagnosis using MRI show high diagnostic potential, methodological weaknesses such as insufficient external validation and small sample sizes hinder broader clinical adoption. Future research should focus on larger, standardized, multi-center studies to improve the robustness and clinical relevance of AI-driven tools for DCD diagnosis.
Improving consumer trust in digital health: A mixed methods study involving people living with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Catapan Soraia de Camargo , Taylor Monica L , Scuffham Paul , Smith Anthony C , Kelly Jaimon T 
Published: January 2025

Aim To explore preferences, experience and trust in digital health in people living with chronic kidney disease (CKD), and tailor these findings towards solutions that may enhance uptake of digital health services. Methods Mixed methods study, with cross-sectional survey and individual interviews with adults living with CKD attending specialist appointments at an Australian metropolitan hospital. Descriptive statistics and Wilcoxon matched-pairs test were used for survey responses and thematic analysis of interview transcripts, both reported on a theme-by-theme basis provided an overall understanding of trust in digital healthcare. Results Digital health is changing the way health services are provided, and our results demonstrate that despite limited familiarity, participants are open to learn and adapt to existing digital models of care. Limited exposure to technology may undermine trust in digital health, and telehealth can promote improvements in health literacy. Having the choice in healthcare modalities can promote trust, which can arise from trustful relationships with clinicians who demonstrate genuine interest in patient care. Participants expressed more concerns about sharing identity data than health data online and worry about fragmented information among providers. They preferred public health services due to distrust generated by the perceived risk of private sector data commercialisation. Building trust requires increasing awareness of digital health benefits, promoting positive experiences, improving digital literacy and ensuring interoperability and transparency in digital healthcare systems. Conclusion People with CKD want to learn and benefit from digital health. Choice and open disclosure on data management and purpose are paramount to building trust.