bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatments of retinoschisis with multiple abnormal blood vessels in high myopia: a case report
Authors: Xu Xiaotong , Wei Zhangwanyu , Dong Fangtian , Sun Zixi , Bian Ailing , Li Donghui , Chen Huan , Zhao Xufeng , Yu Weihong 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Retinoschisis is not an uncommon complication in patients with high myopia. And paravascular retinoschisis might be a precursor to myopic macular retinoschisis. However, few cases of retinoschisis near the vascular arcade with abnormal vessels have been reported. Such abnormal vessels may cause vitreous hemorrhage, and vision is severely impaired as the disease progresses. At the same time, due to the small number of reported cases, opinions on the treatment of these abnormal blood vessels are not unified. In this article, we reported two cases of high myopia with retinoschisis near the vascular arcade with abnormal blood vessels, and different treatments of three eyes of retinoschisis with abnormal blood vessels near the arcade in high-myopic patients to provide new evidence for the understanding of the diagnosis and treatment of this disease.
Case presentation:
This study included three eyes of two patients with high myopic retinoschisis with or without foveal detachment accompanied by retinoschisis at the vascular arcade with abnormal retinal vessels. Both patients were middle-aged women with high myopia. The eye with macular retinoschisis with fovea detachment was treated with vitrectomy combined with fovea-spared inner limiting membrane peeling and air tamponade, and the other two eyes were treated with focal retinal laser photocoagulation. The abnormal vessels in all three eyes completely regressed within 1 to 3 months after treatment. Morphological changes in the abnormal retinal vessels after the treatment were evaluated by color fundus photography (CFP), optical coherence tomography (OCT), optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA).
Conclusions
In this article, we report some clinical manifestations of retinoschisis with multiple abnormal vessels near the vascular arcade in high myopia and show that both laser and vitrectomy treatment can successfully regress abnormal vessels.
Antibiotic susceptibility is associated with some of the virulence associated genes in Proteus isolates
Authors: Jafari Narges , Ahmadrajabi Roya , Tadjrobehkar Omid 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background: Proteus species are opportunistic pathogens that are involved in different Human infections. Several virulence associated factor including adhesins, toxins have introduced in Proteus species. Investigating anti-virulence agents instead of or in combination with antibiotics were recommended as a solution for antibiotic resistance problem. According to this, we tried to investigate any association between virulence associated genes and antibiotic resistance in Proteus isolates.
Results: ninety one Proteus mirabilisand 9 Proteus vulgaris were investigated. Minimum antibiotic resistance was detected against amikacin and norfloxacin(6%). Totally, 5.5% of isolates were multiple drug resistant(MDR) that all were P mirabilis. Thirteen percent, 10% and 34% of isolates were ESBL, carbapenemase and AmpC positive respectively. ESBL and carbapenemase positive isolates were significantly(p≤0.05) more prevalent in community acquired isolates . The zapA(98%) and atfA(77%) had maximum and minimum frequency among the investigated virulence associated genes respectively. Statistical analysis showed that rsbA, mrpA, zapA, hpmA, pmfA and filI genes that considered as more potent virulence associated genes than atfA and ucaA are regarded as antibiotic resistance predictor in the Proteus isolates
Conclusion: the study findings suggest that, norfloxacin, amikacin and tobramycin are best choice against MDR Proteus isolates. The rsbA, mrpA, zapA, hpmA, pmfA and filI genes could be good targets for designing the future anti-virulence therapies.
Point-of-care ultrasound assessment of pelvic urine leakage in two patients presenting with flank pain: a case series and literature review
Authors: Moradkhani Asra , Zangi Mona , Azami Mobin , Ghasemi-Rad Mohammad , pakniyat Abdolghader. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background: Urinoma, a rare condition resulting from urine leakage due to trauma to the kidney, bladder, or urethra, is typically diagnosed using enhanced computed tomography with delayed imaging. This report presents two cases of urinoma likely caused by overdistention of the renal pelvis following excessive fluid intake and the presence of a ureteral stone.
Case presentation: We present two cases of 36-year-old and 38-year-old patients who presented with flank pain. Point-of-care ultrasound played a pivotal role in identifying perinephric fluid in Morrison's space and the splenorenal space, respectively. These ultrasound findings guided further investigations, leading to definitive diagnoses via abdominal pelvic CT scans. Comprehensive lab tests were also conducted. Treatment involved the successful placement of a double J stent into the renal pelvis over the wire under fluoroscopic guidance, which significantly reduced the patients' complaints during follow-up. Antibiotic treatment was continued post-procedure.
Conclusions: This study demonstrates the rare occurrence of urinoma from ureteral lithiasis, emphasizing the importance of prompt diagnosis and treatment.
Association between Childhood Obesity and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Wei Shiyang , Wang Yafeng , Liu Niping , Zhao Renfeng 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background: The relationship between adult obesity and polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS) have been previously reported, but the causal effect of childhood obesity on PCOS remains poorly understood. A two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis was performed to investigate the causal association of childhood obesity and PCOS.
Methods: A genome-wide association study(GWAS)identifies SNPs associated with childhood obesity based on 13848 individuals of European ancestry. Data at the summary level for PCOS were obtained from a GWAS conducted by the FinnGen consortium, which included a large sample size of 118870 individuals, consisting of 642 cases and 118228 controls. Mendelian randomization（MR）methods including Inverse variance weighted (IVW), MR-Egger, weighted median, simple mode, and weighted mode analysis were performed in this study. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to evaluate the precision and robustness of the findings.
Results: The impact of genetically determined childhood obesity on PCOS is substantial, as evidenced by the IVW analysis (OR=1.507, 95% CI 1.193-1.903; P=5.77×10−4) and the weighted median analysis (OR=1.578, 95% CI 1.829–2.104; P=1.91×10−3).The main findings were supported by sensitivity analyses, which yielded consistent estimates using the IVW and MR-Egger methods.
Conclusion: It is suggested that an elevated prevalence of childhood obesity could be associated with an increased risk of PCOS. The prevention of PCOS should be promoted in childhood populations with high obesity. Additional investigation is necessary to confirm these discoveries and explore the underlying biological processes.
The association between systolic toe pressures, tobacco smoking and foot ulceration
Authors: Bechara Nada , Hng Tien-Ming , Gunton Jenny 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Smoking may increase the risk of diabetic foot disease and ulceration. It does so by impairing glycaemic control and promoting the formation of advanced glycated end-products. Additionally, smoking is known to delay surgical wound healing and accelerate peripheral arterial disease. We aimed to determine the prevalence of tobacco smoking and whether toe pressures differed in smokers with a foot ulcer among patients attending Blacktown Mount Druitt Hospital (BMDH) High Risk Foot Service (HRFS). This study is a retrospective interrogation of our prospectively collected clinic database. Eligible participants were adults attending the HRFS between June 2020 and April 2022. Participants were included if they had an ulcer, at least one systolic toe pressure reading completed at their initial visit and attended at least one follow-up visit. Participants were followed until healing, loss to follow-up or April 2023. A total of 195 participants were included; 36 smokers, 82 ex-smokers, and 77 controls who had never smoked. Smoking status was by self-report. Current smokers were significantly younger at initial presentation (p = .006) and tended towards lower socioeconomic status (SES, p = .058). Left toe pressures using photoplethysmography (PPG) were significantly lower (<30mmHg) in current smokers (p = .036), suggestive of reduced perfusion. Diabetes complications were most prevalent in ex-smokers. At the end of follow up period, smokers had the numerically highest rates of amputation and ex-smokers had highest mortality rates. In conclusion, smokers ulcerate younger and tended to have lower SES. Collecting information about the brachial artery pressures and the time since consuming the last cigarette may clarify any relationship between smoking and toe pressures.
Trial registration: WSLHD HREC ethics approval 2111-02 and ANZCTR registration 382470. Registered on 15/09/2021.
Conventional and digital record maxillary occlusal for the manufacture of complete-arch implant-supported fixed protheses: controlled and randomized clinical trial
Authors: Pereira Ana Larisse Carneiro , Campos Maria de Fátima Trindade Pinto , Tôrres Ana Clara Soares Paiva , Carreiro Adriana da Fonte Porto 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objectives.
Evaluate the precision of the digital record maxillary oclusal, compared to the conventional one for the manufacture of complete-arch implant-supported fixed protheses.
Materials and methods.
20 participants were included who used a mandibular interim complete-arch fixed prosthesis and conventional complete dentures maxillar. The participants were randomized between two types of record maxillary oclusal: conventional (CMR) and digital (DMR). With the prostheses finished, the distribution of occlusal contact points was evaluated, number of occlusal contact points, time to obtain the record maxillary occlusal and work cast. A descriptive analysis to evaluate the distribution of occlusal contact points, Wilcoxon test for the number of occlusal contact points and Mann-Whitney test for the time taken to obtain the working casts and record maxillary oclusal, and occlusal adjustment time (p<0.05).
Results.
There was a similarity between the relation records methods regarding the distribution of occlusal contact points. There was no difference in the number of occlusal contact points on the anterior (p=0.439) and posterior (p=0.227) teeth. No relationship was observed between the distribution and amount of occlusal contact points (CMR: p=0.288 / DMR: p=0.183). CMR requires less working time (p=0.000). The CMR method took more occlusal adjustment time (p=0.008).
Conclusion.
The DMR used may be an option to obtain the functional space necessary for the assembly of teeth in complete-arch implant-supported fixed protheses. However, it requires more working time.
Clinical Relevance.
The DMR can be a clinical option for capturing the functional space for the assembly of teeth in complete-arch implant-supported fixed protheses.
C Microscopic Molecular Dynamics Studies of Atomic Enhanced SBR Polymer Composites
Authors: Chen Hongyue , Liu Siyuan , Fan Jingdao , Li Pengfei 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
A three-layer microscopic model with Fe atoms as the top and bottom layer and SBR polymer composites as the middle layer was established and studied. By adding C atoms as reinforcement, the stability changes of SBR polymer composites before and after adding C atoms were studied. In this study, the molecular dynamics method was used to observe the interlayer SBR polymer composites by applying shear load on the top and bottom Fe atoms.The simulation shows that the relative atomsic concentration, temperature, velocity, overall temperature average, kinetic energy, total energy and MSD in the thickness direction are reduced after adding C atoms. The stability of SBR polymer composites is enhanced, and the deformation under shear is weakened. In addition, it is found that the binding energy between SBR polymer composites and Fe atoms is reduced after adding C atoms.The stability of SBR polymer composites is improved during use.This work provides a method for studying the properties of rubber composites by studying the enhancement of the stability of SBR polymer composites from the microscopic point of view.
Effect of Low-Volume Interval Training on Whole-Body, Abdominal and Visceral Fat in Adults Living with Overweight and Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Zhu Xiangui , Jiao Jiao , Liang Wei , Wang Xiang , Zhang Haifeng 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Interval training can be classified into high-intensity interval training (HIIT, 80%-100%V̇O2max) and sprint interval training (SIT, ≥ 100%V̇O2max) according to exercise intensity. HIIT can be further divided into high-volume HIIT (HV-HIIT, pure training time ≥ 15min/session) and low-volume HIIT (LV-HIIT, pure training time < 15min/session). The effectiveness of HV-HIIT in reducing body fat among adults has been well-proven, but there is a lack of comprehensive analysis on the impacts of low-volume interval training (i.e. LV-HIIT and SIT) on fat loss.
Objective
The systematic review and meta-analysis aim to determine the effectiveness of low-volume interval training in improving whole-body fat, abdominal and visceral fat in adults living with overweight and obesity.
Methods
Following the PRISMA guidelines and inclusion criteria, eligible articles were extracted from seven electronic databases and the reference lists of key papers in the field. The search was limited to English articles published on and before May 2023. Effect sizes were calculated as standardized mean difference (SMD) for four intervention outcomes, whole-body fat, body fat percentage, abdominal fat, and visceral fat.
Results
Out of the 4568 identified studies, a total of 50 randomized controlled trials were included, involving 1843 participants (age: 19.8 to 70.5 years, BMI: 25 to 39.5 kg/m2). The low-volume interval training protocol included in this review had an average training duration of 9.5 weeks, a frequency of 3.3 times per week, an exercise session time of 6.2 minutes, and an exercise intensity of ≥ 80%V̇O2max or HRmax. Compared to the comparator groups of no-exercising (CON), low-volume interval training significantly reduced whole-body fat mass (-6.4%, p < 0.001), body fat percentage (-5.3%, p < 0.001), abdominal fat (-5.8%, p = 0.02) and visceral fat (-12.6%, p < 0.001). Compared to moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT), low-volume interval training showed a significant reduction in visceral fat (-3.9%, p = 0.04). No significant differences were observed between low-volume interval training and HV-HIIT in four outcome measures.
Conclusion
Low-volume interval training (LV-HIIT and SIT) groups show significant reductions in whole-body, abdominal and visceral fat among overweight and obese adults. It is more effective than MICT in reducing visceral fat. These findings emphasize the efficiency of low-volume interval training as an intervention for fat loss.
The study protocol was registered (Registration No.: CRD42022341699) with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO).
Effects of Alternating Shielding Gases and post weld heat treatment on microstructure and mechanical properties of the GMA welded Joints of AA6061 Aluminium Alloy
Authors: Govindasamy mahadevan , T Senthilkumar , N Ramasamy 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The present paper focuses on the effect of alternating shielding gases and post weld heat treatment on tensile properties and porosity of GMA welded AA6061 joints. These properties of weld joints will be greatly influenced by microstructure and hardness of the welded joints. Hence, in this investigation tensile strength, porosity, microstructure and micro hardness measurements were carried out on the cross section of weldments. Investigations were conducted utilizing the Universal Testing Machine, Vickers Micro Hardness Tester, X-ray radiography, Optical Microscope, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), and X-ray Diffraction (XRD). Hence, in this research, a complete analysis has been carried out to understand the influence of shielding gases and post weld heat treatment on mechanical and metallurgical behavior of GMA welded joints of AA6061aluminium alloy. It was represented in this research; tensile strength of post heat treatment welded aluminum alloy was increased by 44.9% than non post treatment of welded joints. Also, the micro hardness has been greatly improved post weld heat treatment in AA6061 alloy specimens. It was evident from the micro structures and fractography analysis of the AA6061 alloy components.
Stretch reflex and learning in a ballet class for individuals with cerebral palsy
Authors: He Maxine , Gaebler-Spira Deborah , Levin Mindy F. , Lopez-Ortiz Citlali 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This study reports changes in the stretch reflex and clinical motor sores in individuals with mixed spastic and dyskinetic cerebral palsy (CP) after learning in a targeted ballet class. Four individuals (ages 7 to 22 years) completed a personalized one-hour targeted ballet class twice per week for six weeks. Quantitative measures of the elbow or ankle stretch reflex were obtained using electromyography and electrogoniometry, along with clinical assessments of spasticity and dyskinesia. The joint angle of stretch reflex onset varied for similar velocities of stretch across participants and its variability decreased after the class. Clinical measures revealed improvements in balance, selective motor control, range of motion, and upper limb function. The variability of the stretch reflex may be attributed to the dyskinetic component of the mixed CP presentations. Changes in stretch reflex and improvements in clinical scores suggest that learning through the ballet class may be beneficial to everyday function. The study was registered in the Clinical Trials Protocol Registration and Results System (NCT04237506, January 17, 2020.)
(R)-ketamine restores anterior insular cortex activity and cognitive deficits in social isolation-reared mice
Authors: Kasai Atsushi , Yokoyama Rei , Ago Yukio , Igarashi Hisato , Higuchi Momoko , Tanuma Masato , Shimazaki Yuto , Seiriki Kaoru , Hayashida Misuzu , Yamaguchi Shun , Tanaka Hirokazu , Nakazawa Takanobu , Hashimoto Kenji , Hashimoto Hitoshi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Chronic social isolation increases the risk of mental health problems, including cognitive impairments and depression. While subanesthetic ketamine is considered effective for cognitive impairments in patients with depression, the neural mechanisms underlying its effects are not well understood. Here we identified unique activation of the anterior insular cortex (aIC) as a characteristic feature in brain-wide regions of mice reared in social isolation and treated with (R)-ketamine, a ketamine enantiomer. Using fiber photometry recording on freely moving mice, we found that social isolation attenuates aIC neuronal activation upon social contact and that (R)-ketamine, but not (S)-ketamine, is able to counteracts this reduction. (R)-ketamine facilitated social cognition in social isolation-reared mice during the social memory test. aIC inactivation offset the effect of (R)-ketamine on social memory. Our results suggest that (R)-ketamine has promising potential as an effective intervention for social cognitive deficits by restoring aIC function.
The non-linear Effect of Income on the Shadow Economy
Authors: Alfano Maria Rosaria , Capasso Salvatore , Ciucci Salvatore , Spagnolo Nicola 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We study the relationship between individual’s income and tax evasion and show that this is convex, suggesting the existence of an income threshold value. Given the level of public goods provision and the perceived fairness of public services, individual’s income negatively affects tax evasion up to the point where people feel they are paying the right amount of taxes compared to the value of the goods and services they receive from the public sector. After that point, individuals consider the tax burden to be unfair and the impact of income on the level of tax evasion turns out to be positive. We also show that the income threshold value depends on the tax rate and tax enforcement system. We empirically test or hypothesis and by using a panel data-set of 143 countries over the period 1996–2015, we provide evidence of a convex relationship between income and the aggregate level of underground economy.
SGLT2 inhibitor in a Type 2 diabetes mellitus patient coexisted with central diabetes insipidus following hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state
Authors: Liu Shu , Chen Wenqiang , Zhao Yanru , Ma Shaohui , Shi Bingyin , Guo Hui 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Central diabetes insipidus (CDI) rarely develops following hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state (HHS) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. When a type 2 diabetes mellitus patient coexisted with central diabetes insipidus, it might be easily misdiagnosed when presenting only persisted hypernatremia with no sense of thirst. Herein we described a young woman with T2DM and HHS, who developed persistent hypernatremia without a sense of thirst, The diagnosis of CDI was delayed until she appeared polydipsia up to 10L/day after dapagliflozin was administered for glucose control. The absence of the low specific gravity urine was observed with a dapagliflozin treatment. With the cessation of dapagliflozin for 48 hours, the diagnosis of CDI manifesting polyuria with low specific gravity and osmolality was established by a water deprivation test and well-treated with oral desmopressin. It was indicated that an SGLT2 inhibitor may accelerate polyuria and affect urine osmolality by inhibiting glucose and sodium reabsorption in the proximal tubular. We suggest that it is necessary to stop SGLT2 inhibitors when a CDI is either suspected or established.
A Cross-Sectional Study on Depression, Anxiety, and Stress among the Bangladeshi Population amid COVID-19
Authors: Rahman Mamunur , Biswas Sushmita , Kabir Nafisa Humayera , Lee Ka Yiu , Hasan Md. Kamrul 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background: Depression, anxiety, and stress have surged worldwide and in Bangladesh during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to assess the mental health condition of the Bangladeshi population during this pandemic. A cross-sectional study was carried out between Feb 17, 2021, to Apr 8, 2021, during the lockdown enforced in Bangladesh with structured questions of the DASS-21 (Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21), and 310 responses were collected for the study purpose. One-way ANOVA was performed to determine the statistical significance. STATA-13 software was used for statistical analysis.
Results: Moderate depression was found to be higher (28.06%) among the studied population, along with highly severe anxiety (22.26%) and moderate stress (18.39%). Whether the participants live in urban or rural areas, the living area was significantly associated with depression (p = 0.033) and anxiety (p = 0.014). Despite their adverse mental health status during the pandemic, only 36 out of 310 (12%) participants visited psychologists or psychiatrists.
Conclusion: It shows that most people in lower-middle-income countries, like Bangladesh, hesitate to seek medical advice. Proper concerns must be raised to secure a healthy future.