bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reciprocal Negative Feedback Regulation of ATF6α and PTEN Promotes Prostate Cancer Progression
Authors: Feng Tingting , Zhao Ru , Zhang Hanwen , Sun Feifei , Hu Jing , Wang Meng , Qi Mei , Liu Ling , Gao Lin , Xiao Yabo , Chen Weiwen , Wang Lin , Han Bo 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) loss tightly correlates with prostate cancer (PCa) progression and metastasis. Inactivation of PTEN leads to abnormal activation of PI3K/AKT pathway. However, results from clinical trials with AKT inhibitors in PCa have been largely disappointing. Identification of novel regulators of PTEN in PTEN-dysfunctional PCa is urgently needed. Here we demonstrated that the expression level of PTEN was inversely correlated with the signature score of unfolded protein response (UPR) in PCa. Importantly, PTEN suppressed the activity of ATF6α, via interacting to de-phosphorylate ATF6α and consequently inhibiting its nuclear translocation. Conversely, ATF6α promoted the ubiquitination and degradation of PTEN by inducing CHIP expression. Thus, ATF6α and PTEN formed a negative feedback loop during PCa progression. Combination of ATF6α inhibitor with AKT inhibitor suppressed tumor cell proliferation and xenograft growth. Importantly, this study highlighted ATF6α as a therapeutic vulnerability in PTEN dysfunctional PCa.
Fear conditioning is preserved in very preterm-born young adults despite increased anxiety levels
Authors: Albayrak Bilge , Jablonski Lara , Felderhoff-Mueser Ursula , Huening Britta M. , Ernst Thomas M. , Timmann Dagmar , Batsikadze Giorgi 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Very preterm birth is associated with an increased risk for anxiety disorders. Abnormal brain development may result in disordered fear learning processes, which may be exacerbated by environmental risk factors and persist in adulthood. We tested the hypotheses that very preterm-born young adults displayed higher levels of fear conditioning, less differentiation between threat, CS+, and safety, CS-, signals and stronger resistance to extinction relative to term-born controls. A group of 37 very preterm-born young adults and 31 age- and sex-matched term-born controls performed a differential fear conditioning paradigm on two consecutive days. Acquisition and extinction training were performed on day 1. Recall and reinstatement were tested on day 2. Preterm-born participants showed significantly higher levels of anxiety in the Depression-Anxiety-Stress-Scale-21 questionnaire. The fear conditioning outcome measures, skin conductance response amplitudes and anxiety ratings, were overall higher in the preterm-born group compared to controls. Acquisition, extinction, recall and reinstatement of differential conditioned fear responses, CS+ > CS-, however, were not significantly different between the groups. There were no significant group by stimulus type interactions. The finding of preserved associative fear learning in very preterm-born young adults was unexpected and needs to be confirmed in future studies.
Tungsten toxicity on kidney tubular epithelial cells induces renal inflammation and M1-macrophage polarization
Authors: Barrera-Chimal Jonatan , Henley Nathalie , Grant Michael , Cenatus Schrodinger , Geraldes Pedro , Pichette Vincent , Gerarduzzi Casimiro 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Tungsten is widely used in medical, industrial, and military applications. The environmental exposure to tungsten has increased over the past several years and few studies have addressed its potential toxicity. In this study, we evaluated the effects of chronic oral tungsten exposure (100 ppm) on renal inflammation in mice. We found that 30- or 90-day tungsten exposure led to the accumulation of LAMP1-positive lysosomes in renal tubular epithelial cells. In addition, the kidneys of mice exposed to tungsten showed interstitial infiltration of leukocytes, myeloid cells, and macrophages together with increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines and p50/p65-NFkB subunits. In proximal tubule epithelial cells (HK-2) in vitro, tungsten induced a similar inflammatory status characterized by increased mRNA levels of CSF1, IL34, CXCL2 and CXCL10 and NFkB activation. Moreover, tungsten exposure slowed HK-2 cell proliferation and enhanced reactive oxygen species generation. Conditioned media from HK-2 cells treated with tungsten induced an M1-proinflammatory polarization of RAW macrophages as evidenced by increased levels of iNOS and interleukin-6 and decreased levels of the M2-antiinflammatory marker CD206. These effects were not observed when RAW cells were exposed to conditioned media from HK-2 cells treated with tungsten and supplemented with the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC). Similarly, direct tungsten exposure induced M1-proinflammatory polarization of RAW cells that was prevented by NAC co-treatment. Altogether, our data suggest that prolonged tungsten exposure leads to oxidative injury in the kidney ultimately leading to chronic renal inflammation characterized by a proinflammatory status in kidney tubular epithelial cells and immune cell infiltration.
Critical Care Nurses Knowledge, Practice, Facilitators, and Barriers of Palliative Care: A Scoping Review
Authors: Hawari Nora Mohammed , Hteini Enas , Hani Salam Bani , Rababah Jihad , Doum Fatima , ALBashtawy Mohammed , Nashwan Abdulqadir J. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Optimizing the quality of care among palliative patient cases is a prominent role of nurses since they are the largest group of health care professionals. This review highlights the available evidence on the knowledge, facilitators, barriers, and practice level of palliative care among critical care nurses.
Materials and Methods
PubMed (MEDLINE), Cochrane library, Google scholar, and Cumulative Index for Nursing and Allied Health (CINAHL) were used to search the literature for studies published between 2017 and 2022.
Result
Eighteen articles were included in this review, which verifies that most nurses have poor knowledge regarding palliative care principles and, consequently, poor practices. However, many barriers and facilitators that affect the provision of palliative care were reached. Barriers include inadequate clinical training, time shortage, and inappropriate unit design. The main facilitators included family awareness of patient status, family and physician cooperation, and continuous education of the staff.
Conclusion
Nurses are the first-line manager in providing patient care, so it is necessary to work hard to improve their level of knowledge to meet the main palliative care needs. Continuous educational sessions and training about effective palliative care are recommended to enhance the provision of palliative care for nurses to provide the optimum quality of care.
Estimation of flow trajectories in a multi-linestransportation network
Authors: Guex Guillaume , Loup Romain , Bavaud François 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Characterizing a public transportation network, such as an urban networkwith multiple lines, requires the origin-destination trip counts during a givenperiod. Yet, if automatic counting makes the embarkment (boarding) anddisembarkment (alighting) counts in vehicles known, it often happens thatpedestrian transfers between lines are harder to track, and require costly andinvasive devices (e.g., facial recognition system) to be estimated. In thiscontribution, we propose a method, based on maximum entropy andinvolving an iterative fitting procedure, which estimates the passenger flowbetween origins and destinations solely based on embarkment anddisembarkment counts. Moreover, this method is flexible enough to providean adaptable framework in case additional data is known, such as attractionpoles between certain nodes in the network, or percentages of transferringpassengers between some lines. This method is tested on toy examples, aswell as with the data of the public transportation network of the city ofLausanne provided by its Transportation Agency (tl), and gives arguablyconvincing estimations of the transportation flow.
The Italian Constitutional Court and the pendulum of regionalism
Authors: Filippetti Andrea , Rondinella Sandro , Tuzi Fabrizio 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

This paper explores the role of the Italian Constitutional Court through a quantitative analysis of the disputes between the central government and the regions in the context of the decentralization reforms started in the late 90s. We put forward the hypothesis of an institutionally embedded attitude of the Court. Our econometric evidence shows that during the recentralization process started in 2011 by the central governments in response to a major financial and debt crisis, the probability of a favourable outcome for the regions is significantly reduced. Our results support the perspective that the political and institutional environment affect the attitude of the Courts and provide fresh insights about the role of the Courts during major economic crisis.
JEL classification H77
Generalization in human pathfinding as a stochastic navigation process on Wikipedia
Authors: Ficzere Dániel , Hollósi Gergely , Frankó Attila , Gulyás András 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Models of human navigation have been investigated in many ways on complex networks. These findings suggest that the characteristics of human navigation change during navigation from the start to the destination. Nonetheless, the degree to which navigation is influenced by the human navigator versus the graph and environment remains somewhat unclear. Our study focuses on the initial stage of human navigation, investigating the influence of the graph structure on navigation through the use of a PageRank-based random walk model. We investigate the PageRank model with the classical uniform and also power-law position based transition probabilities. Our results indicate that a significant proportion of early generalization phase navigation can be simulated with random navigation.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Endoscopy in Determining Rectal Tumor Proximity to the Peritoneal Reflection
Authors: Sandilos Georgianna , Kooragayala Keshav , Zhu Clara , Menger Austin , Daneshpooy Saba , Gefen Ron , Kovacs James , Giugliano Danica , Kwiatt Michael , McClane Steven 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Treatment of invasive rectal adenocarcinoma is stratified into upfront surgery versus neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, in part, based on tumor distance from the anal verge (AV). This study examines the correlation between tumor distance measurements (endoscopic and MRI) and relationship to the anterior peritoneal reflection (APR) on MRI.
Methods
A single-center retrospective study was performed at a tertiary center accredited by the National Accreditation Program for Rectal Cancer (NAPRC). 162 patients with invasive rectal cancer were seen between October of 2018 and April of 2022. Sensitivity and specificity were determined for MRI and endoscopic measurements in their ability to predict tumor location relative to the APR.
Results
119 patients had tumors endoscopically and radiographically measured from the AV. Pelvic MRI characterized tumors as above (intraperitoneal) or at/straddles/below the APR (extraperitoneal). True positives were defined as extraperitoneal tumors < 10cm. True negatives were defined as intraperitoneal tumors > 10cm. Endoscopy was 81.9% sensitive and 64.3% specific in predicting tumor location with respect to the APR. MRI was 86.7% sensitive and 92.9% specific. Utilizing a 12cm cutoff, sensitivity of both modalities increased (94.3%, 91.4%) but specificity decreased (50%, 64.3%).
Conclusion
For locally invasive rectal cancers, tumor position relative to the APR is an important factor in determining the role of neoadjuvant therapy. These results suggest endoscopic tumor measurements do not accurately predict tumor location relative to the APR, and may lead to incorrect treatment stratification. When the APR is not identified, MRI-reported tumor distance may be a better predictor of this relationship.
Resin yield response to different tapping methods and stimulant pastes in Pinus pinaster Ait
Authors: López-Álvarez Óscar , Zas Rafael , Martínez Enrique , Marey-Perez Manuel 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Selecting the best resin tapping method and stimulant paste in the resin tapping process is crucial. In timber-oriented rainy Atlantic pine forests of north-west Spain, the interest in resin tapping is raising but information on the best tapping methods and pastes is still lacking. In this study, an appropriate experimental design used on five representative plots of Pinus pinaster, allowed us to explore the resin productive differences between two tapping methods (traditional Spanish method and circular groove) and three stimulant treatments (control, Ethephon and ASACIF). The use of a standardized measure of resin yield allowed to adequately compare methods differing in groove length. Results indicated that the standard resin yield was 1.43 times greater with the traditional method than with the circular groove method. The two stimulant pastes drastically increased resin yield (up to 6 fold) in all sites and for all tapping methods. The effectiveness of the paste was also influenced by the tapping method, obtaining greater increases in resin yield after the application of stimulant paste in trees with the circular groove method. Resin yield was only slightly related to the dasometric variables and varied among test sites when no pastes were used, but differences among sites disappeared when stimulant pastes were used. Our results contribute to the understanding of the factors involved in resin performance and the technological development of the sector.
The immunogenicity identification and adherence characterization analysis of acetate kinase of Mycoplasma synoviae
Authors: Yue Yahui , Ma Haiyun , Zhang Li , Zhao Yunhai , Wang Qing , He Xiaoxiao , Xing Xiaoyong , Wu Xiaochun , Bao Shijun 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background: Mycoplasma synoviae (MS) is a major pathogen that leads to a significant economic loss to the world’s industry of poultry. Acetate kinase (ACK) is a member of the key pathway for acetyl-CoA synthesis in bacteria, but its role in MS maintains unknown.
Results: The immunogenicity assay and complement-dependent mycoplasmacidal assay identified recombinant protein MS ACK (rMS ACK) as an immunogenic protein. The distribution of ACK was localized to both the cytoplasm and membrane of MS detected by Western blot and ELISA. Meanwhile, adherence and adherence inhibition assay indicated that the rMS ACK could directly adhere to DF-1 cells, and anti-rMS ACK serum could effectively inhibit the adherence of MS to DF-1 cells.
Conclusion: The immunogenicity and adhesion characterization of ACK membrane protein were analyzed for the first time, enhancing the understanding of the pathogenicity of MS infection.
Compact portable higher harmonic generation microscopy for the real time assessment of fresh thyroid tissue
Authors: Kok S. D. , Schaap P. M. Rodriguez , Dommelen L. , Huizen L. M.G. , Dickhoff C. , Nieveen-Dijkum E. M. , Engelsman A.F. , Valk P. van der , Groot M.L. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

During thyroid surgery fast and reliable intra-operative pathological feedback has the potential to avoid a two-stage procedure and significantly reduce health care costs in patients undergoing a diagnostic hemithyroidectomy (HT). However, with current techniques, intra-operative assessment of histopathological characteristics is not always reliable within the operation time. Therefore, there is an urgent need for techniques that provide the surgeon with better pathological feedback during the operation. As a step towards this purpose, the potential of higher harmonic generation (HHG) microscopy, which combines second harmonic generation (SHG), third harmonic generation (THG), and multiphoton excited autofluorescence (MPEF) is explored. We used a compact, portable HHG microscope to record images of freshly excised healthy tissue, benign nodules (follicular adenoma) and malignant tissue (papillary carcinoma, follicular carcinoma and spindle cell carcinoma). The SHG/THG/MPEF images were generated on unprocessed tissue within minutes, typically, a 10 by 10 mm² area was acquired within 10 minutes. The SHG/THG/MPEF images show relevant morphological thyroid structures in good accordance with the histology images. The thyroid follicle architecture, cells, cell nuclei (THG), collagen organization (SHG) and the distribution of thyroglobulin and/or thyroid hormones T3 or T4 (MPEF) could be visualized. We conclude that SHG/THG/MPEF imaging is a promising tool for clinical intraoperative assessment of thyroid tissue. More patients need to be included, to assess the feasibility of HHGM to determine capsular or vascular invasion, features essential for intra-operative thyroid cancer diagnosis.
Introspection dynamics in asymmetric multiplayers games
Authors: Couto Marta C. , Pal Saptarshi 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Evolutionary game theory and models of learning provide a powerful framework to describe strategic decision-making in social interactions. In the simplest case, these models describe games among two identical players. However, many interactions in everyday life are more complex. They involve more than two players who may differ in their available actions and in their incentives to choose each action. Such interactions can be captured by asymmetric multiplayer games. Recently, introspection dynamics has been introduced to explore such asymmetric games. According to this dynamics, at each time step players compare their current strategy to an alternative strategy. If the alternative strategy results in a payoff advantage, it is more likely adopted. This model provides a simple way to compute the players’ long-run probability of adopting each of their strategies. In this paper, we extend some of the previous results of introspection dynamics for 2-player asymmetric games to games with arbitrarily many players. First, we derive a formula that allows us to numerically compute the stationary distribution of introspection dynamics for any multiplayer asymmetric game. Second, we obtain explicit expressions of the stationary distribution for two special cases. These cases are additive games (where the payoff difference that a player gains by unilaterally switching to a different action is independent of the actions of their co-players), and symmetric multiplayer games with two strategies. To illustrate our results, we revisit several classical games such as the public goods game.
Formation of Wear-Protective Tribofilms on Different Steel Surfaces During Lubricated Sliding
Authors: Khan Arman Mohammad , Ahmed Jannat , Liu Shuangbiao , Martin Tobias , Berkebile Stephen , Chung Yip-Wah , Wang Q. Jane 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

We report here the impact of different alloying elements in steels on friction and wear behavior by performing ball-on-flat lubricated reciprocating tribotesting experiments on 52100 ball on steel flats with different compositions (52100, 1045, A2, D2, M2, and a specialty Cu-alloyed steel) heat-treated to give similar hardness and microstructure, with polyalphaolefin (PAO-4) as the lubricant. There are small variations of coefficient of friction among these alloys. The major observation is that steels containing high concentrations (≥ 10 wt.%) of Cr, Mo, and V gave rise to markedly reduced wear compared with 52100 or plain carbon steels. D2 steel, which contains 11.5 wt.% Cr as the major alloying element was the most wear-resistant. The wear resistance is strongly correlated with the efficiency of formation of carbon-containing oligomeric films at specimen surfaces as determined by Raman spectroscopy. This correlation holds for steels heat-treated to have higher hardness and with n-dodecane, a much less viscous lubricant compared with PAO-4. Given the strong affinity of chromium to oxygen, chromium should exist as Cr2O3 at the steel surfaces during testing. We have performed molecular dynamics simulation on Cr2O3 and demonstrated its ability to catalyze the formation of carbon-containing oligomeric films from hydrocarbon molecules, consistent with its known catalytic activity in other hydrocarbon reactions. We believe that chromium-containing alloys, such as D2, and coatings, such as CrN, derive their wear resistance in part from the efficient in-situ formation of wear-protective carbon tribofilms at contacting asperities.
Electro-blood circulation fusing gold and alumina nanoparticles in a diverging fatty artery
Authors: Karmakar Poly , Das Sanatan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Emerging bio-microfluidic systems are embracing electroosmosis mechanisms to supervise ionized physiological fluids. Impelled by the exploration of electro-micro-pumping mechanisms in bio-engineering domains, in the present inquisition, a research policy associated with hemodynamical deportment of blood circulation under suspension of gold and alumina nanoparticles in a diverging fatty artery subject to electro-osmotic driving forces is conducted. The exact solutions of the resulting model equations associated with the proposed wall conditions are acquired in terms of Bessel functions under larger wavelength and a smaller ratio of inertial and viscous force. Numerical integration is computed through the NDSolve technique. Plotting and elaboration are performed to explore the physical insight into hemodynamics under diverse parametric aspects. Crucial findings of the study include that a raised electro-osmotic parameter elevates the intensity of blood streaming in the core zone of the artery and it established a declining pattern in the close vicinity of the arterial wall. The parameters linked with electroosmosis contribute to thermal emaciation of blood streaming in the artery. The heat transmission rate across the arterial wall sharply declines for ascending values of the electro-osmotic parameter and Helmholtz-Smoluchowski velocity. The structure of blood boluses is also outlined under the impact of involved parameters in brief. Pure blood offers less size and number of blood boluses near the arterial wall compared to hybrid nano-blood. From a bio-engineering point of view, the modelling study can contribute significantly to biomechanical and medical processes and therapeutic implications.
Hamiltonian cycles and travelling salesfolk
Authors: Gomez Alberto Gomez 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

A method is given in this paper that makes it easier to solve both the Hamiltonian cycle problem and the travelling salesman problem in any number of space dimensions and in both their directed and undirected varieties.
MSC Codes: Primary – 05C45; Secondary – 05C85, 05C05, 68R10, 68Q17