bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estimating the heterogeneous health and well‐being returns to social participation
Authors: Wilding Anna , Munford Luke , Sutton Matt 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSocial participation is defined as an individual's involvement in activities that provide connections with others in society. Past research has demonstrated links between social participation, improved health and well‐being, and reduced social isolation, but has been restricted to older people and has not investigated heterogeneity. Using cross‐sectional data from the UK's Community Life Survey (2013–2019; N = 50,006), we estimated returns to social participation in the adult population. We included availability of community assets as instruments in a marginal treatment effects model, which allows treatment effects to be heterogeneous and examines whether the effects vary by propensity to participate. Social participation was linked to reduced loneliness and improved health (−0.96 and 0.40 points respectively on 1–5 scales) and increased life satisfaction and happiness (2.17 and 2.03 points respectively on 0–10 scales). These effects were larger for those on low income, with lower education attainment, and who live alone or with no children. We also found negative selection, indicating those less likely to participate have higher health and well‐being returns. Future interventions could focus on increasing community asset infrastructure and encouraging social participation for those with lower socio‐economic status.
Delayed in diagnosis of upper aerodigestive tract cancers: A comprehensive review of medical malpractice cases
Authors: Fritz Christian , Rajasekaran Karthik 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundFactors that prompt litigation and influence outcomes for malpractice cases involving cancers of the upper aerodigestive tract are incompletely described.MethodsWestlaw, a national legal database, was searched for medical malpractice claims related to upper aerodigestive tract cancer for all years available.ResultsOf the 122 cases meeting inclusion criteria, 106 (86.9%) involved allegations of failure to diagnose or delay in diagnosis. Tongue, larynx, and nasopharynx cancers were more frequently litigated than would be expected based on their incidence (tongue, 38.7% of aerodigestive tract litigation vs. 26.9% of aerodigestive tract cancers; larynx, 33.0% vs. 22.3%; nasopharynx, 10.4% vs. 4.6%). Payouts were made in over half of diagnosis failure lawsuits (56.6%), which carried an average award of $2840690 [IQR 850219–2537509].ConclusionsAn awareness of litigation on cancers of the upper aerodigestive tract holds the potential to improve patient care and help otolaryngologists avoid potential risks for litigation.
Improving Migrant's Care in Mexico: A statement by the Mexican Federation of Colleges of Obstetricians and Gynecologists
Authors: Ramirez Negrin Atziri , Iturralde Rosas‐Priego Paola , Gomez‐Pedroso Rea Javier , Meade Treviño Paulo Felipe , Salazar Lopez Ortiz Carlos Gerardo , Ceballos Mendoza Jorge Ivan , Aurioles Lopez Gerardo E. A. , Pedraza Leonel Alfonso , Santana Garcia Hector Rogelio 
Published: May 2023

SynopsisThe following is an official statement by the leadership of the Mexican Federation of Colleges of Obstetricians and Gynecologists regarding migrant care in Mexico, given the current context of Central and South America.
Guinea pig nutrition: what do we know?
Authors: Keeble Emma 
Published: May 2023

Background: The nutritional requirements of pet guinea pigs are not particularly well understood, with much of the current information based on laboratory animal work and conditions which may not be directly transferable to pets. As such, both owners and veterinarians alike have limited resources available, potentially resulting in adverse effects on welfare caused by incorrect diets.Aim of the article: This article reviews what is currently known about pet guinea pig nutritional requirements. Wild guinea pig diets are discussed and current pet guinea pig owner feeding habits outlined. The article also looks at the potential adverse effects of an incorrect diet on guinea pigs and their welfare; some of this information is currently unknown, so it is discussed whether extrapolations are possible from other species. This article is a useful overview for all veterinary staff treating pet guinea pigs and giving dietary advice to owners in veterinary practice.
Magic partially filled arrays on abelian groups
Authors: Morini Fiorenza , Pellegrini Marco Antonio 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this paper we introduce a special class of partially filled arrays. A magic partially filled array on a subset of an abelian group is a partially filled array of size with entries in such that (i) every appears once in the array; (ii) each row contains filled cells and each column contains filled cells; (iii) there exist (not necessarily distinct) elements such that the sum of the elements in each row is and the sum of the elements in each column is . In particular, if , we have a zero‐sum magic partially filled array . Examples of these objects are magic rectangles, ‐magic rectangles, signed magic arrays, (integer or noninteger) Heffter arrays. Here, we give necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of a magic rectangle with empty cells, that is, of an where . We also construct zero‐sum magic partially filled arrays when is the abelian group or the set of its nonzero elements.
Abbreviated MRI Protocols in the Abdomen and Pelvis
Authors: Ringe Kristina I. , Wang Jin , Deng Ying , Pi Shan , Geahchan Amine , Taouli Bachir , Bashir Mustafa R. 
Published: May 2023

Abbreviated MRI (AMRI) protocols rely on the acquisition of a limited number of sequences tailored to a specific question. The main objective of AMRI protocols is to reduce exam duration and costs, while maintaining an acceptable diagnostic performance. AMRI is of increasing interest in the radiology community; however, challenges limiting clinical adoption remain. In this review, we will address main abdominal and pelvic applications of AMRI in the liver, pancreas, kidney, and prostate, including diagnostic performance, pitfalls, limitations, and cost effectiveness will also be discussed.Level of Evidence: 3Technical Efficacy Stage: 3
Mpox virus Clade IIb detection in the air
Authors: Saied AbdulRahman A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMpox is a viral zoonotic disease endemic in Central and West Africa that is caused by the Mpox virus, which belongs to the Orthopoxvirus genus and Poxviridae family. The clinical manifestations of mpox infection are milder than those of smallpox, and the incubation time of mpox varies from 5 to 21 days. Since May 2022, the mpox outbreak (formerly known as monkeypox) has suddenly and unexpectedly spread in non‐endemic countries, suggesting that there may have been some undetected transmissions. Based on molecular analysis, there are two major genetic clades that represent the mpox virus: Clade I (formerly the Congo Basin clade OR the Central African clade) and Clade II (formerly the West African clade). It is believed that people who are asymptomatic or paucisymptomatic may spread the mpox virus. Infectious viruses cannot be distinguished by PCR testing; therefore, virus culture should be carried out. Recent evidence regarding the detection of the mpox virus (Clade IIb) in air samples collected from the patient's environment during the 2022 mpox outbreak was reviewed. Further studies are needed to evaluate the extent to which the presence of mpox virus DNA in the air could affect immunocompromised patients in healthcare facilities, and further epidemiological studies are crucial, especially in Africa.
Endoprosthetic reconstruction for lower extremity soft tissue sarcomas with bone involvement
Authors: Rowell P. D. , Ferguson P. C. , Tsoi K. M. , Nevin J. L. , Novak R. , Griffin A. M. , Wunder J. S. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesBone resection and endoprosthetic reconstruction (EPR) in the setting of soft tissue sarcoma (STS) management is rare and incurs unique challenges. We aim to report on the surgical and oncological outcomes of this relatively previously undocumented cohort.MethodsThis is a single‐center retrospective review of prospectively collected data for patients who required EPRs following resection of STSs of the lower extremity. Following inclusion criteria, we assessed 29 cases of EPR for primary STS of the lower limb.ResultsThe mean age was 54 years (range 18–84). Of the 29 patients, there were 6 total femur, 11 proximal femur, 4 intercalary, and 8 distal femur EPRs. Fourteen of 29 patients (48%) underwent re‐operations for surgical complications, with 9 relating to infection (31%). When a matched cohort analysis was performed comparing our cohort to STSs that did not necessitate EPR, a reduced rate of overall survival and metastasis‐free survival was found in those requiring EPR.ConclusionThis series identifies a high rate of complication from EPRs performed for STS. Patients should be cautioned about the high rate of infection, surgical complications, and lower overall survival in this setting.
Determination of ivacaftor by liquid chromatography techniques in pharmaceutical formulation with interlaboratory comparison and characterization of five novel degradation products by high‐performance liquid chromatography ion trap time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry
Authors: Özcan Saniye , Can Nafiz Öncü 
Published: May 2023

Cystic fibrosis is a life‐threatening genetic disease that causes damage to the lungs. Ivacaftor, the first drug to target the underlying defect of the disease caused by specific mutations, improves outcomes and reduces hospitalizations. In this study, quantitative determination of ivacaftor was performed by liquid chromatography, while high‐resolution mass spectrometric analyses were performed for qualitative determination. The validation studies of the developed methods were performed according to International Conference on Harmonisation Q2(R1) guideline. Ivacaftor was separated from its degradation product by using Phenomenex Kinetex C18(150 × 3 mm, 2.6 µm) column. The isocratic mobile phase for binary pump configuration was 0.1% (v/v) formic acid in water and 0.1% (v/v) formic acid in acetonitrile (27:63) (v/v), pH = 2.5; the flow rate of 0.25 mL/min was used in all methods. In the degradation studies, five degradation products were identified using high‐performance liquid chromatography ion trap time‐of‐flight mass spectrometric analyses: three of them have never been reported up to date; whereas the other two were existing in the literature and they were having Chemical Abstracts Services registry numbers since they were synthesized before for various other purposes. Also, analysis of an in‐lab prepared chemical equivalent of Kalydeco®and interlaboratory comparison were performed.
Low‐Loss Epsilon‐Near‐Zero Metamaterials
Authors: Yan Wendi , Zhou Ziheng , Li Hao , Sun Wangyu , Lv Qihao , Li Yue 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDifferent from the classical periodic‐resonator‐based metamaterials, epsilon‐near‐zero (ENZ) metamaterials provide a unique paradigm to achieve equivalent electromagnetic characteristics in deep subwavelength scales, exhibiting unprecedented impacts on a broad variety of extreme‐small‐volume applications. By doping regular dielectric rods in the ENZ host, the effective permeability µeff of ENZ metamaterials is properly tuned for desired scattering properties and intrinsic impedance. However, losses in ENZ metamaterials severely limit the tuning range of the real part of µeff and result in an undesired imaginary part. Here, to mitigate the loss issue of ENZ metamaterials, a dielectric‐free approach is theoretically studied and experimentally verified by substituting dielectric dopants with metal‐layer dopants to construct a low‐loss resonant cavity. Therefore, the largest tuning range of µeff is achieved, which advances ENZ metamaterials from ideal cases to more extensive and practical applications. In addition to existing photonics and electronics applications of regular ENZ metamaterials, additional examples are studied to demonstrate the low‐loss benefits of layer‐type ENZ metamaterials, including integrated microfluidic switches and high‐sensitivity sensors with a sensitivity of 11.2% and quality factor of 2800. These examples reveal universal significance for wide‐range applications in extreme‐small‐volume devices and systems, such as integrated circuits, chips, and implanted devices.
On the Effective Lifetime of Reversible Bonds in Transient Networks
Authors: Shanbhag Sachin , Ricarte Ralm G. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe renormalized bond lifetime model (RBLM) is a popular scaling theory for the effective lifetime of reversible bonds in transient networks. It recognizes that stickers connected by a reversible bond undergo many (J) cycles of dissociation and reassociation. After finally separating, one of these stickers finds a new open partner in time τopen via a subdiffusive process whose mean‐squared displacement is proportional to tα, where t is the time elapsed, and α is the subdiffusion exponent. The RBLM makes convenient mathematical approximations to obtain analytical expressions for J and τopen. The consequences of relaxing these approximations is investigated by performing fractional Brownian motion (FBM) simulations. It is found that the scaling relations developed in the RBLM hold surprisingly well. However, RBLM overestimates both τopen and J, especially at lower values of α. For α = 0.5, corresponding to the Rouse limit, it is found that τopen is overestimated by a factor of approximately 4x, while the approximation for J is nearly exact. The degree of overestimation worsens as α decreases, and increases to 1–2 orders of magnitude at α = 0.25, corresponding to the reptation limit. This has important ramifications for experimental studies that use RBLM to interpret rheology and dielectric spectroscopy observations.
The Parkinson's disease‐associated protein α‐synuclein inhibits hepatoma by exosome delivery
Authors: Hou Tian‐Zhong , Yang Hui‐Min , Cheng Yun‐Zhong , Gu Li , Zhang Jian‐Nan , Zhang Hong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractNumerous epidemiological studies suggest a link between Parkinson's disease (PD) and cancer. However, their relevant pathogenesis is not clear. In the present study, we investigated the potential role of exosome‐delivered α‐synuclein (α‐syn) in the regulation between PD and liver cancer. We cultured hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells with exosomes derived from conditioned medium of the PD cellular model, and injected exosomes enriched with α‐syn into the striatum of a liver cancer rat model. We found that α‐syn‐contained exosomes from the rotenone‐induced cellular model of PD suppressed the growth, migration, and invasion of HCC cells. Integrin αVβ5 in exosomes from the rotenone‐induced PD model was higher than that in the control, resulting in more α‐syn‐contained exosomes being taken up by HCC cells. Consistently, in vivo experiments with rat models also confirmed exosome‐delivered α‐syn inhibited liver cancer. These findings illustrate the important role of PD‐associated protein α‐syn inhibiting hepatoma by exosome delivery, suggesting a new mechanism underlying the link between these two diseases and therapeutics of liver cancer.
A case of panic attack developing after THC‐O acetate inhalation using an e‐cigarette device
Authors: Sugawara Norio , Yasui‐Furukori Norio , Shimoda Kazutaka 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimTetrahydrocannabinol acetate (THC‐O) is a cannabinoid‐based product, and few medical studies have evaluated the effects of THC‐O on humans. Recently, e‐cigarettes have become popular among teenagers and young adults worldwide. However, there have been reports of people misusing this device as a delivery system for drugs of abuse.Case PresentationWe herein report a case of panic attack after THC‐O inhalation using an e‐cigarette device in an 18‐year‐old male with no history of psychiatric disorders. Although he started smoking both regular cigarettes and e‐cigarettes in junior high school, he had never vaped delta‐9 THC or THC‐O until the present episode. A total of 20 min after his first inhalation of THC‐O, he experienced a sudden attack that lasted 2 h. After this episode, he did not inhale THC‐O. Throughout the subsequent 6 months of follow‐up, he maintained improvement with no panic attacks.ConclusionIn this case, we intend to emphasize that THC‐O is not safe, even if the substance is regarded as loophole drug. The use of e‐cigarette devices might accelerate substance abuse.
High intrinsic thermal conductive polymer films by engineered interchain hydrogen bond interactions
Authors: Zheng Haoting , Wu Kun , Zhan Yingjie , Wang Kunxin , Shi Jun 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA series of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite films containing different hydrogen bond acceptors 4,4′‐dihydroxydiphenyl (BP), 1,1′‐biphenyl‐4,4′‐diyl dihexanoate (DHB) and benzene‐1,3,5‐triyl tribenzoate (TBB) were prepared by casting method. Due to the existence of strong intermolecular interaction, the highest in‐plane thermal conductivity of the above films is 1.298 Wm−1 K−1, which is about 65% higher than pure PVA films. Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR) and wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction (WXAD) demonstrated that the TBB acts as a thermal bridge to enhance the internal interaction force and make the internal structure more regular. Strong molecular contact forces were demonstrated by mechanical tensile testing. The thermal expansion rate of the system was explored through molecular dynamics. Thermal expansion experiments proved that hydrogen bond can effectively reduce the free volume. Molecular dynamics simulations were also performed in this work. The number and density of hydrogen bonds inside different polymers were calculated, and the phonon thermal transport was quantitatively analyzed. The thermal bridge and intermolecular contact force were discovered to effectively restrict the molecular chain's activity and reduce its free volume. The results of the experiments and molecular dynamics reveal that strong intermolecular interactions and thermal bridges can significantly improve polymer intrinsic thermal conductivity.
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis presenting as diffuse alveolar hemorrhage at onset: A case series
Authors: Guo Siyuan , Yin Ju , Yao Yao , Chen Lanqin , Wang Hao , Zhao Zhipeng , Xu Baoping , Liu Xiuyun 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe etiology of diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH) in childhood is often unknown, and it may be an early manifestation of rheumatic disease. Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is one of the most common rheumatic diseases in children, but DAH as an onset manifestation of JIA is rare. This study summarizes the clinical characteristics of patients with JIA presenting as DAH.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the age of onset, clinical manifestations, imaging features, treatments, and prognosis of five cases of JIA presenting as DAH.ResultsThemedian age at DAH onset was 6 months (range, 2 months–3 years). Pallor was the most common manifestation of onset (5/5). Other symptoms included cough (2/5), tachypnea (2/5), hemoptysis (1/5), cyanosis (1/5), and fatigue (1/5). Imaging showed ground‐glass opacity (GGO) (5/5), subpleural or intrapulmonary honeycombing (4/5), consolidation (3/5), interlobular septal thickening (2/5), and nodules (1/5). Anticitrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA) and rheumatoid factor (RF) were positive in five children (5/5), and antinuclear antibody (ANA) was positive in four children (4/5). ANA in three children and ACPA/RF in one child were positive before the onset of joint symptoms. The median age at the onset of joint symptoms was 3 years and 9 months (2 years and 6 months–8 years). Joint symptoms were mainly characterized by joint swelling, pain, and difficulty walking, and the most commonly affected joints were the knees, ankles, and wrists. After the diagnosis of DAH, the five patients were treated with glucocorticoids. Alveolar hemorrhage was effectively controlled in three cases, but the other two patients still had anemia and poor improvements in chest imaging. After joint symptoms, the patients were treated with glucocorticoids combined with diclofenac, disease‐modifying antirheumatic drugs, and biological agents. Alveolar hemorrhage was in remission, and joint symptoms were relieved in the five cases.ConclusionDAH can be the first clinical manifestation of JIA, and joint involvement occurs 1–5 years later. Children with DAH who are positive for RF, ACPA, and/or ANA and have GGO accompanied by honeycombing on imaging should be concerned about their joint involvement in future.
Crystal structure of reducing‐end xylose‐releasing exoxylanase in subfamily 7 of glycoside hydrolase family 30
Authors: Nakamichi Yusuke , Watanabe Masahiro , Fujii Tatsuya , Inoue Hiroyuki , Morita Tomotake 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTcXyn30A from Talaromyces cellulolyticus, which belongs to subfamily 7 of the glycoside hydrolase family 30 (GH30‐7), releases xylose from the reducing end of xylan and xylooligosaccharides (XOSs), the so‐called reducing‐end xylose‐releasing exoxylanase (ReX). In this study, the crystal structures of TcXyn30A with and without xylose at subsite +1 (the binding site of the xylose residue at the reducing end) were determined. This is the first report on the structure of ReX in the family GH30‐7. TcXyn30A forms a dimer. The complex structure of TcXyn30A with xylose revealed that subsite +1 is located at the dimer interface. TcXyn30A recognizes xylose at subsite +1 composed of amino acid residues from each monomer and blocks substrate binding to subsite +2 by dimer formation. Thus, the dimeric conformation is responsible for ReX activity. The structural comparison between TcXyn30A and the homologous enzyme indicated that subsite −2 is composed of assembled three stacked Trp residues, Trp49, Trp333, and Trp334, allowing TcXyn30A to accommodate xylan and any branched XOSs decorated with a substitution such as α‐1,2‐linked 4‐O‐methyl‐d‐glucuronic acid or α‐1,2‐ and/or −1,3‐linked L‐arabinofuranose. These findings provide an insight into the structural determinants for ReX activity of TcXyn30A.
An Electroactive and Self‐Assembling Bio‐Ink, based on Protein‐Stabilized Nanoclusters and Graphene, for the Manufacture of Fully Inkjet‐Printed Paper‐Based Analytical Devices
Authors: Silvestri Alessandro , Vázquez‐Díaz Silvia , Misia Giuseppe , Poletti Fabrizio , López‐Domene Rocío , Pavlov Valeri , Zanardi Chiara , Cortajarena Aitziber L. , Prato Maurizio 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHundreds of new electrochemical sensors are reported in literature every year. However, only a few of them makes it to the market. Manufacturability, or rather the lack of it, is the parameter that dictates if new sensing technologies will remain forever in the laboratory in which they are conceived. Inkjet printing is a low‐cost and versatile technique that can facilitate the transfer of nanomaterial‐based sensors to the market. Herein, an electroactive and self‐assembling inkjet‐printable ink based on protein‐nanomaterial composites and exfoliated graphene is reported. The consensus tetratricopeptide proteins (CTPRs), used to formulate this ink, are engineered to template and coordinate electroactive metallic nanoclusters (NCs), and to self‐assemble upon drying, forming stable films. The authors demonstrate that, by incorporating graphene in the ink formulation, it is possible to dramatically improve the electrocatalytic properties of the ink, obtaining an efficient hybrid material for hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) detection. Using this bio‐ink, the authors manufactured disposable and environmentally sustainable electrochemical paper‐based analytical devices (ePADs) to detect H2O2, outperforming commercial screen‐printed platforms. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that oxidoreductase enzymes can be included in the formulation, to fully inkjet‐print enzymatic amperometric biosensors ready to use.