bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENELOPE 1-year follow-up: legacy effect of a short protocol-led LDL-C-lowering strategy in patients after myocardial infarction
Authors: van der Brug Sander , van Trier Tinka , Omar Khader Aaram , Liem An-ho , Schut Astrid , Martens Fabrice , Alings Marco ,   the PENELOPE investigators
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objective
Lowering low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) reduces the risk of developing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). In the PENELOPE study, a guideline-based, protocol-led LDL-C-lowering strategy was applied in patients after myocardial infarction and resulted in 87% reaching target LDL‑C levels of ≤ 1.8 mmol/l within a median of 45 days. This study evaluated PENELOPE’s legacy effect on LDL‑C levels after 1 year.

Methods
In the PENELOPE study, 999 patients with a myocardial infarction and a history of ASCVD and/or diabetes mellitus were included. If LDL-C > 1.8 mmol/l, lipid-lowering therapy was intensified in three consecutive steps: (1) high-intensity statin (HIST) monotherapy, (2) HIST + ezetimibe, and (3) HIST + ezetimibe + proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitor (PCSK9i). LDL‑C levels were monitored 4–6 weeks after each step. The primary objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of the LDL‑C target level of ≤ 1.8 mmol/l being maintained after 1 year.

Results
Data of 738 patients (74%) were available for 1‑year follow-up. The target LDL‑C level was met in 471 patients (64%). Median LDL‑C levels changed from 1.5 (1.2–1.7) mmol/l immediately after implementation of the protocol-led strategy to 1.6 (1.3–2.0) mmol/l after 1 year. Major treatment regimens were statin (58%), statin + ezetimibe (30%) and PCSK9i + ezetimibe (+ statin) (7%).

Conclusion
After a myocardial infarction, implementation of a protocol-led LDL-C-lowering strategy resulted in 87% of patients attaining the LDL‑C target level of ≤ 1.8 mmol/l within a median of 45 (32–77) days. At 1‑year follow-up, 64% maintained this target level and the median LDL‑C increased by 0.1 mmol/l.
Snacktivity™ to Promote Physical Activity in Primary Care, Community Health and Public Health Settings: A Feasibility Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: Daley Amanda J. , Griffin Ryan A. , Sanders James P. , Gokal Kajal , Ives Natalie , Skrybant Magdalena , Parretti Helen M. , Edwardson Charlotte L. , Biddle Stuart J. H. , Jolly Kate , Greaves Colin J. , Greenfield Sheila M. , Maddison Ralph , Esliger Dale W. , Sherar Lauren B. , Frew Emma , Mutrie Nanette , Maylor Ben , Yates Tom , Tearne Sarah , Moakes Catherine A. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
A novel ‘whole day’ approach that could motivate the public to be more physically active is Snacktivity™. The Snacktivity™ approach encourages individuals to accumulate 150 min of physical activity in short 2–5-min ‘snacks’ of moderate-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) throughout the day/week.

Method
A randomised controlled trial to assess the feasibility/acceptability of a Snacktivity™ intervention and trial processes was conducted. The trial aimed to recruit 80 physically inactive adults from healthcare services and via social media. Participants were randomised to the Snacktivity™ intervention or usual care and followed up at 12 weeks. The intervention was predominately delivered by health professionals within consultations. Assessment of whether the Snacktivity™ intervention and trial methods were acceptable to participants, adherence to Snacktivity™ (assessed by Fitbit) and physical activity (assessed by accelerometer), and retention were considered according to traffic light stop-go progression criteria (green-amber-red).

Results
Seventy-two participants (n = 37 Snacktivity™ intervention; n = 35 usual care) were recruited across 14 months (72/80, 90%, (green) 95% CI: 83% to 97%). Snacktivity™ adherence was achieved in 12/37 participants (32%, (red) 95% CI: 17% to 48%). Physical activity adherence was achieved in 17/37 participants (46%, (amber) 95% CI: 30% to 62%). Seven participants (10%, (green) 95% CI: 3% to 17%) withdrew from follow-up and 25/72 (35%, (amber) 95% CI: 24% to 46%) had no accelerometer data at follow-up (retention).

Conclusion
The Snacktivity™ intervention may be feasible and acceptable to implement. Findings can inform subsequent research that seeks to investigate whether Snacktivity™ based approaches are effective in promoting physical activity in the population.

Trial Registration
ISRCTN: 64851242. Registration date: 31/01/21.
Heuristics for evaluating narrative visualization: a validation study
Authors: Errey Nina , Zowghi Didar , Leong Tuck Wah , Wu Yadong , Yuan Xiaoru , Huang Weidong , Liang Christy Jie 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Narrative visualization integrates data visualization and narrative techniques to convey a compelling story. Narrative visualization is notoriously difficult to evaluate. One solution is heuristic evaluation, using a domain-specific set of heuristics. This paper validates a set of heuristics proposed specifically for evaluating narrative visualization. We conducted studies with experienced narrative visualization practitioners in both summative and formative settings. We found that the set of heuristics showed promise in a summative setting, where similar responses evidenced that the set of heuristics could provide reliable evaluation metrics. Furthermore, in a formative setting, implementing the set of heuristics was reported to be useful in the design process; however, due to their limited focus, we recommend that it be implemented in conjunction with other evaluation guidelines.

Graphical abstract
Management Cost Efficiency and Technology Gap: Cooperative vs. Non-Cooperative Credit Banks
Authors: Barra Cristian , Papaccio Anna , Ruggiero Nazzareno 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This paper analyses the difference between cooperative and non-cooperative banks in Italy in terms of managerial efficiency and technological inefficiency. We disentangle the metafrontier and group-specific frontiers using data from 1994 to 2015, decomposing the efficiency scores of the two bank groups into cost-efficiency scores and cost technology gap ratios. Cooperative banks have greater efficiency scores across all regions and for each group-specific technology frontier. The findings indicate that the primary cause of inefficiency for the two bank groups is not management inefficiency but rather the technology gap. Furthermore, cooperative banks exhibit lower cost efficiency inequality than non-cooperative banks in most regions.
Additional Risk Factors Lead to a Measurable Inflammatory Response in Stage I Endometrial Cancer—A Prospective Multicentric Observational Study
Authors: Ronsini Carlo , Iavarone Irene , Vastarella Maria Giovanna , Corte Luigi Della , Andreoli Giada , Bifulco Giuseppe , Cobellis Luigi , de Franciscis Pasquale 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The objective of the study is to explore the correlation between inflammation indices (NLR, MLR, PLR) and prognostic factors (myometrial infiltration, LVSI, grading) in FIGO 2023 stage I endometrial carcinoma. From August 2023 to March 2024, a prospective study was conducted on 163 women diagnosed with stage I endometrial cancer. The research methods were established a priori and authorized through evaluation by the Ethics Committee of the individual centers (IRB 30661/2022 of 31/03/2022). The study was then registered on the clinicaltrials.gov platform under NCT05657483. Blood samples were collected preoperatively to measure the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR). Histopathological data on myometrial infiltration, LVSI, and grading were also analyzed. NLR values were 2.07, 2.35, and 2.68 for no infiltration, < 50%, and ≥ 50% myometrial infiltration, respectively (p = 0.033). MLR values were 0.20, 0.23, and 0.26 for the same categories (p = 0.029). PLR values were 119, 140, and 146 (p = 0.043). For LVSI, NLR was 2.17 in negative and 3.23 in diffuse (p = 0.010), while MLR showed 0.20 vs 0.24 (p = 0.054), and PLR showed 125 vs 141 (p = 0.033). Multivariate analysis indicated myometrial infiltration had the strongest correlation with inflammation indices (beta 0.07, CI 95% 0.01–0.13, p = 0.041). Inflammation indices (NLR, MLR, PLR) significantly correlate with myometrial infiltration, LVSI positivity, and higher grading in early-stage endometrial carcinoma, with myometrial infiltration showing the strongest association. These findings suggest that inflammation indices could aid in the prognostic evaluation of endometrial carcinoma. Further research is needed to understand the prognostic implications fully.
A note on the transport of (near-)field structures
Authors: Boonzaaier Leandro , Marques Sophie 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This paper addresses the question: given a scalar group, can we determine all the additions that transform this scalar group into a (near-)field? A key approach to addressing this problem involves transporting (near-)field structures via multiplicative automorphisms. We compute the set of continuous multiplicative automorphisms of the real and complex fields and analyze their structures. Additionally, we characterize the endo-bijections on the scalar group that define these additions.
Implantable Dental Barrier Membranes as Regenerative Medicine in Dentistry: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Chen Siyuan , Wu Zhenzhen , Huang Ziqi , Liang Chao , Lee Sang Jin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background:
Periodontitis and bone loss in the maxillofacial and dental areas pose considerable challenges for both functional and aesthetic outcomes. To date, implantable dental barrier membranes, designed to prevent epithelial migration into defects and create a favorable environment for targeted cells, have garnered significant interest from researchers. Consequently, a variety of materials and fabrication methods have been explored in extensive research on regenerative dental barrier membranes.

Methods:
This review focuses on dental barrier membranes, summarizing the various biomaterials used in membrane manufacturing, fabrication methods, and state-of-the-art applications for dental tissue regeneration. Based on a discussion of the pros and cons of current membrane strategies, future research directions for improved membrane designs are proposed.

Results and conclusion:
To endow dental membranes with various biological properties that accommodate different clinical situations, numerous biomaterials and manufacturing methods have been proposed. These approaches provide theoretical support and hold promise for advancements in dental tissue regeneration.
Laser ablation in liquid-assisted synthesis of three types of nanoparticles for enhanced antibacterial applications
Authors: Costa Daniel Coutinho , Fernandes Margarida , Moura Caroline , Miranda Georgina , Silva Filipe , Carvalho Óscar , Madeira Sara 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this study, three different types of metal nanoparticles (NPs)—namely, gold (Au), magnesium (Mg), and zinc (Zn)—were produced using pulsed laser ablation in liquid (PLAL) method and characterized for potential application on dental implant surfaces. PLAL is a promising method compared to the commonly used wet chemistry synthesis approaches, as it allows the production of ultra-pure, less toxic, homogeneous, and uniform metal NPs. Additionally, it is more repeatable, cost-effective, and eco-friendly.
PLAL allowed to produce well-dispersed, spherical nanoparticles with no apparent contamination, with mean diameters of: AuNPs—5.20 nm and 7.46 nm; MgNPs—1.87 nm and 3.84 nm; and ZnNPs—120.59 nm and 19.52 nm, for 15 and 30 min of ablation time, respectively. According to the Minimum Inhibition Concentration (MIC) results, it was observed that the gram-positive S. aureus was inhibited by all NPs, with AuNPs exhibiting the lowest MIC of 1.719 µg/mL, while ZnNPs and MgNPs had a MIC of 3.438 µg/mL. For the gram-negative E. coli, AuNPs and MgNPs were able to inhibit bacterial growth at a concentration of 13.750 µg/mL, while ZnNPs failed to inhibit bacterial growth at the tested concentrations after 24 h of incubation.
At a concentration of 0.02 µg/mL, all the NPs and SDS were found to be biocompatible with human cells, with proliferation significantly higher when the NPs were present, corroborating their potential protective effect on cells. These findings are important for novel dental implant functionalized surfaces, which can extend their viability and lifespan, thus reducing future costs and material waste.
Electron Acceptor-Driven Solid Electrolyte Interphases with Elevated LiF Content for 4.7 V Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Mu Yongbiao , Liao Zifan , Chu Youqi , Zhang Qing , Zou Lingfeng , Yang Lin , Feng Yitian , Ren Haixiang , Han Meisheng , Zeng Lin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
High-voltage lithium (Li) metal batteries (LMBs) face substantial challenges, including Li dendrite growth and instability in high-voltage cathodes such as LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 (NCM811), which impede their practical applications and long-term stability. To address these challenges, tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane additive as an electron acceptor is introduced into an ethyl methyl carbonate/fluoroethylene carbonate-based electrolyte. This approach effectively engineers robust dual interfaces on the Li metal anode and the NCM811 cathode, thereby mitigating dendritic growth of Li and enhancing the stability of the cathode. This additive-driven strategy enables LMBs to operate at ultra-high voltages up to 4.7 V. Consequently, Li||Cu cells achieve a coulombic efficiency of 98.96%, and Li||Li symmetric cells extend their cycle life to an impressive 4000 h. Li||NCM811 full cells maintain a high capacity retention of 87.8% after 100 cycles at 4.7 V. Additionally, Li||LNMO full cells exhibit exceptional rate capability, delivering 132.2 mAh g−1 at 10 C and retaining 95.0% capacity after 250 cycles at 1 C and 5 V. As a result, NCM811||graphite pouch cells maintain a 93.4% capacity retention after 1100 cycles at 1 C. These findings underscore the efficacy of additive engineering in addressing Li dendrite formation and instability of cathode under high voltage, thereby paving the road for durable, high-performance LMBs.
Nanomaterials Enhanced Sonodynamic Therapy for Multiple Tumor Treatment
Authors: Yang Mengyao , Wang Xin , Peng Mengke , Wang Fei , Hou Senlin , Xing Ruirui , Chen Aibing 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) as an emerging modality for malignant tumors mainly involves in sonosensitizers and low-intensity ultrasound (US), which can safely penetrate the tissue without significant attenuation. SDT not only has the advantages including high precision, non-invasiveness, and minimal side effects, but also overcomes the limitation of low penetration of light to deep tumors. The cytotoxic reactive oxygen species can be produced by the utilization of sonosensitizers combined with US and kill tumor cells. However, the underlying mechanism of SDT has not been elucidated, and its unsatisfactory efficiency retards its further clinical application. Herein, we shed light on the main mechanisms of SDT and the types of sonosensitizers, including organic sonosensitizers and inorganic sonosensitizers. Due to the development of nanotechnology, many novel nanoplatforms are utilized in this arisen field to solve the barriers of sonosensitizers and enable continuous innovation. This review also highlights the potential advantages of nanosonosensitizers and focus on the enhanced efficiency of SDT based on nanosonosensitizers with monotherapy or synergistic therapy for deep tumors that are difficult to reach by traditional treatment, especially orthotopic cancers.
Beneficiation of Low-Grade Iron Ore Using a Dry-Roll Magnetic Separator and its Modeling via Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Fariss Abdourahman Hassan Brahim , Ibrahim Ahmedaljaali Ibrahim Idrees , Ozdemir Ali Can , Top Soner , Kursunoglu Sait , Altiner Mahmut 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

The beneficiation of low-grade iron ore (39.5% Fe(T) grade) using a dry-roll magnetic separator was investigated. The ore was characterized using Mineral Liberation Analysis (MLA). It was determined that the ore was composed of iron oxide (goethite and hematite), quartz, chlorite, muscovite, plagioclase, and other minerals. The effect of particle size (PS, − 1 + 0.500 mm, − 0.500 + 0.300 mm, and − 0.300 + 0.125 mm), splitter position (SP, 43° and 58°), cleaning stage (CS, 1 and 2), conveyor speed (CoS, 3, 5, and 7 Hz), magnetic field strength (MFS, 0.2 T and 0.4 T) on the recovery of the magnetic product was investigated. Experimental results show that the product (− 1 + 0.500 mm) with the Fe(T) grade of 67.67% can be obtained, but its recovery was not at an acceptable value (< 30%). Furthermore, the Fe(T) grade of the product (− 0.500 + 0.300 and − 0.300 + 0.125 mm) could not reach satisfactory levels. The artificial neural network (ANN) method was conducted on the results of experimental studies. Three different training algorithms were employed for modeling, and their performance was assessed using statistical evaluation criteria. The results demonstrate that Bayesian Regularization (BR) algorithm exhibited better performance compared to others in predicting both Fe(T) grade and recovery rate during the testing phase. These findings support the notion that ANN algorithms can be a powerful modeling and prediction tool in the field of mineral processing.

Graphical Abstract
Sunscreens in pigmentary disorders: time to revise the message
Authors: Mun Sahngeun Jenny , Lee Vanessa , Gupta Monisha 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Current sunscreen messaging centres around skin cancer prevention, with an emphasis on mitigating the damaging effects of ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation. Darker skin is believed to be better protected against UVB owing to its higher melanin content, and therefore, this messaging has been largely targeted at people with lighter skin tones. This is reflected by low sunscreen use by people of darker skin types. However, visible light (VL) is now being appreciated as a culprit behind exacerbation of disorders of hyperpigmentation such as melasma and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) which is known to significantly impair quality of life (QoL) of those affected. The role of VL in melanogenesis is not well known to patients nor to dermatologists and is a missed opportunity in the management of pigmentary disorders. We propose that changing the terminology from ‘sunscreen’ to ‘light protection’ acknowledges the central role of VL in melanogenesis, underlining the importance of VL protection and making the messaging more inclusive for people of all skin colours.
Predicting fire incidents with ML: an XAI approach
Authors: Lee Donghyeok , Perez Tellez Fernando , Jaiswal Rajesh 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
With increasing urbanization and industrial activities in Dublin city, there is a growing interest in natural disasters and accidents. In this research, we compared the regression performances for the number of fire incidents in Dublin with seven different machine learning models. We evaluated how each model performs with metrics like Mean Squared Error (MSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE), and R-Squared scores. Among the used models which are Prophet, Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA), Simple Linear Regression, Polynomial Regression, Support Vector Regression, Decision Tree Regression, and Random Forest Regression, the most precise model was the Prophet with the highest R-Squared score of 0.91 because it effectively captures the underlying trend, seasonality and holiday effects. This research also aims not only to establish the superior model but also to give clear and understandable reasons for these predictions using explainable AI (XAI). In particular, the trust in Prophet is enhanced by global explanation and local explanation for users to believe in the decision-making processes in the model. It enabled us to enhance the interpretability and transparency of the Prophet, which is aligning with ethical AI (Artificial Intelligence).
The governance of Islamic extremism in the Middle East: a multidimensional assessment and implications
Authors: Zou Zhiqiang , Li Li 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Given the significant religious connotations, political demands, and social implications associated with Islamic extremism, it is crucial that counter-extremism strategies address a wide array of areas. This is particularly vital in the realms of political participation, religious management, and social governance, all of which are essential for the prevention of Islamic extremism. The complexity and diversity present in the political, religious, and social landscapes of Middle Eastern countries have led to variations in the policies and effectiveness of governance approaches related to Islamic extremism. These variations provide valuable lessons and insights. This article aims to analyze the differences and implications of governance approaches to extremism in the Middle East through a multidimensional assessment of the interrelations among politics and religion, religious-secular relations, and state-society relations. Rather than categorizing these approaches as inherently positive or negative, it is imperative for each country to identify governance strategies that are congruent with its unique circumstances.
Strategies for Improving Healthcare Workers’ Compliance with Infection Control Measures in Intensive Care Units: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Alshehari Abdullah , Saeed Abdullah 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
This review and meta-analysis assessed strategies for improving Healthcare Workers HCWs’ adherence to Infection Control Measures ICMs while working in an ICU since the setting provides a potentially high risk for HAIs.

Methods
Of these, 103 studies were identified to meet the inclusion criteria and, therefore, were included, which reported intervention studies conducted in ICUs with the purpose of promoting HCWs’ adherence to ICMs.

Results
The results indicate that the most effective strategies are multimodal-education linked to feedback, simulations, and other applications that achieve a 23.6% improvement in compliance, with consistent effectiveness across settings. Educational interventions alone achieved an average improvement of 16.13% and showed large variability, depending on the context.

Conclusion
Multimodal strategies surpass educational strategies in improving adherence to ICMs. Health facilities should adopt comprehensive, multimodal strategies to improve patient safety and reduce HAIs, and future efforts should refine these approaches for broader applications.