bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electrical transport mechanism and magnetoresistive behavior of trilayer La0.7Sr0.3MnO3/γ-Fe2O3/La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 (FM/FIM/FM) manganites
Authors: Narwat Pooja , Choudhary R J , Mishra A 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The magnetization, electrical transport, and magnetoresistance (MR) behavior of Pulsed Laser Deposited polycrystalline tri-layer La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 (LSMO)/γ-Fe2O3/LSMO film and single layer LSMO film on Si (100) substrates are investigated in the temperature range of 5 K–300 K. A magnetic anomaly appears in the magnetization {M(T)} and resistivity {ρ(T)} characterizations of the trilayer film at around 100 K, which is quite robust and is present even at 7 T of the applied magnetic field. The trilayer sample exhibits metal to insulator (MIT) transition at 210 K. The transport behavior of both the films is analysed in the context of nearest-neighbour small polaron hopping model (SPH), Mott variable range hopping (VRH) mechanism as well as thermal activation (TA) model in different temperature ranges for both the films under study. The correlated polarons or less mobile bipolarons exist in the metallic regime of the trilayer sample due to the presence of magnetic inhomogeneities. The low temperature resistivity upturn is observed in LSMO film, which is attributed to the spin fluctuations (Mn3+–O–Mn4+) due to thermal energy. The trilayer sample exhibits a large negative MR of (∼45%) at low temperature (5 K). It manifests consistent negative CMR effect across the whole temperature range of 5 K–210 K (MIT). The improved MR behavior of the trilayer sample as compared to the LSMO film is due to enhanced polycrystalline character of the trilayer film owing to higher grain boundary density and spin dependent scattering at both the interfaces of LSMO/γ-Fe2O3/LSMO structure.
Cosmological information in skew spectra of biased tracers in redshift space
Authors: Hou Jiamin , Moradinezhad Dizgah Azadeh , Hahn ChangHoon , Massara Elena 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Extracting the non-Gaussian information encoded in the higher-order clustering statistics of the large-scale structure is key to fully realizing the potential of upcoming galaxy surveys. We investigate the information content of the redshift-space weighted skew spectra of biased tracers as efficient estimators for 3-point clustering statistics. The skew spectra are constructed by correlating the observed galaxy field with an appropriately-weighted square of it. We perform numerical Fisher forecasts using two synthetic datasets: the halo catalogs from the Quijote N-body simulations and the galaxy catalogs from the Molino suite. The latter serves to understand the effect of marginalization over a more complex matter-tracer biasing relation. Compared to the power spectrum multipoles, we show that the skew spectra substantially improve the constraints on six parameters of the νΛCDM model, {Ω
m
, Ω
b
, h, ns
, σ8
, Mν
}. Imposing a small-scale cutoff of kmax
= 0.25 Mpc-1
h, the improvements in parameter constraints from skew spectra alone range from 23% to 62% for the Quijote halos and from 32% to 71% for the Molino galaxies. Compared to the previous analysis of the bispectrum monopole on the same data and using the same range of scales, the skew spectra of Quijote halos provide competitive constraints. At the same time, the skew spectra outperform the bispectrum monopole for all cosmological parameters for the Molino catalogs. This may result from additional anisotropic information, particularly enhanced in the Molino sample, that is captured by the skew spectra but not by the bispectrum monopole. Our stability analysis of the numerical derivatives shows comparable convergence rates for the power spectrum and the skew spectra, indicating potential underestimation of parameter uncertainties by at most 30%.
Pulsars as candidates of LHAASO sources J2226+6057, J1908+0621, and J1825-1326: The leptonic origin*
Authors: Chang Zhe , Kuang Yu-Ting , Zhang Xukun , Zhou Jing-Zhi 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Recently, from 12 γ-ray Galactic sources, the LHAASO has detected ultrahigh-energy photons up to 1.4 PeV. The γ-ray spectra of the sources J2226+6057, J1908+0621, and J1825-1326 and the suggested origin pulsars near the sources have been published. In our previous work, we studied the hadronic γ-ray spectra of the sources J2226+6057, J1908+0621, and J1825-1326 in terms of the Hertzian dipole model of pulsars. In this paper, we investigate the possibility of the leptonic origin of the γ-ray. We use the Hertzian dipole model to describe the pulsars around the sources. The electrons around the pulsars can be accelerated to PeV by the electromagnetic fields of pulsars. Under the assumption that the initial electrons are uniformly distributed in a spherical shell between

and

m around the pulsar, we obtain the energy distribution of electrons. The leptonic γ-ray spectra can be calculated through inverse Compton scattering processes. The leptonic γ-ray can roughly conform to the observation of LHAASO.
Input–output modelling for household activity-level environmental footprints: a systematic literature review
Authors: Madsen Sofia Topcu , Weidema Bo Pedersen 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Input–output analyses are increasingly used to estimate consumption-based environmental footprints. The potential of estimates of social, economic, and ecosystem consequences of lifestyle interventions can be improved by detailing the complex way that final demand arises from patterns of household activities, i.e. from how households choose to use their time. We perform a systematic literature review by searching three scientific databases and using backward citation snowballing to clarify how input–output models have been used to analyse household activity patterns. We discuss the prospects of the used methods for estimating environmental footprints associated with households’ time uses in activities. We identified 48 relevant studies, each contributing with motivations and methods that are important for household activity-level environmental footprint accounting. When linked with the market economy and environmentally extended, input–output tables detailing the use of time and money across household types provide a clear picture of the connections between the economy, the social sphere, and the environment. Realistic expenditure and time-use data structures quantify the production and consumption activities that occur in households and the associated household inequalities in time use and expenditure patterns. Household activity-level environmental footprints differ notably across household activities. The reviewed studies provide the foundation for detailed and complete environmental footprint data at the household activity level to support policy decisions targeting everyday life. The current research on the topic is patchy with only one study modelling multiple countries and only one country being modelled across years. The research needs to be harmonised and scaled up to allow for comprehensive analyses. Ideally, future modelling should cover more countries with continuous data series and harmonised data collection and analysis methods.
The change of ecosystem resilience and its response to economic factors in Yulin, China
Authors: Liu Xiaoping , Li Zhanbin , Wang Tian , Cheng Shengdong , Zheng Xing , Jia Lu , Liu Beilei , Li Jiajia , Miao Ziyao 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Ecosystem resilience at a regional scale is an important indicator and component of ecological health assessment. Ecosystem resilience refers to the self-regulating and restoring capacity of an ecosystem to restore itself to its initial state after deviation from the equilibrium state due to disturbances. In this study, Fragstats and ArcGIS software were used to calculate various indicators of ecosystem resilience, then a model of ecosystem resilience was used to evaluate and analyze the characteristics of ecosystem resilience in 12 counties of Yulin Prefecture, China. The ecosystem resilience–economy responses were discussed using Pearson correlation coefficients and multiple regression analysis accordingly. The results suggested that ecosystem resilience in Yulin increased steadily during 1995–2015, with the self-regulating and self-restoring capacity strengthened over time. The study also found that the total output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, and fishery, fiscal expenditure and gross investment in fixed assets were significantly and positively correlated with ecosystem resilience, with correlation coefficients of 0.716 (p = 0.000 < 0.01), 0.589 (p = 0.002 < 0.01) and 0.411 (p = 0.046 < 0.05), respectively. The proportion of primary industry were negatively correlated with ecosystem resilience, with correlation coefficients of −0.445 (p = 0.029 < 0.05). The research revealed the development and changes of ecological resilience in Yulin and the response to the social economy. The findings provided support for ecological health diagnosis and decision-making concerning sustainable development in the study area and beyond.
Abnormal grain growth of 68Cu–16Al–16Zn alloys for elastocaloric cooling via cyclical heat treatments
Authors: Kawarada Yuya , Aimi Akihisa , Santos Abimael , Nakata Gentaro , Takeuchi Ichiro , Fujimoto Kenjiro 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Cu-based superelastic shape memory alloys are promising for low-stress elastocaloric cooling. We have synthesized bulk alloys of 68Cu–16Al–16Zn under different conditions in order to promote its grain growth and enhance its elastocaloric properties. High-temperature x-ray diffraction of untreated 68Cu–16Al–16Zn alloy showed that the phase boundary between the α + β mixed phases and the high temperature phase (β phase) was between 973 K and 1023 K. Based on this result, the 68Cu–16Al–16Zn alloy was heated and cooled in a furnace repeatedly between 773 K and 1173 K. The maximum grain size after heat treatment of the ingot rolled to 67% reached 11.1 mm. The latent heat of the martensitic transformation after grain growth was 6.3 J g−1, which is higher than the previously reported value for the compound. The stress–strain curve of 68Cu–16Al–16Zn rolled to 67% rolling with cyclical heat treatments showed a maximum stress of 106 MPa at 4.5% strain, with adiabatic temperature change of 5.9 K in heating during stress loading and 5.6 K in cooling in stress removal. Furthermore, no fatigue in the stress–strain behavior was observed up to at least 60 000 mechanical cycles at 2% strain.
Temperature-mediated structural evolution of vapor–phase deposited cyclosiloxane polymer thin films for enhanced mechanical properties and thermal conductivity
Authors: Du Weiwei , Tu Jing , Qiu Mingjun , Zhou Shangyu , Luo Yingwu , Ong Wee-Liat , Zhao Junjie 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Polymer-derived ceramic (PDC) thin films are promising wear-resistant coatings for protecting metals and carbon–carbon composites from corrosion and oxidation. However, the high pyrolysis temperature hinders the applications on substrate materials with low melting points. We report a new synthesis route for PDC coatings using initiated chemical vapor deposited poly(1,3,5-trivinyl-1,3,5-trimethylcyclotrisiloxane) (pV3D3) as the precursor. We investigated the changes in siloxane moieties and the network topology, and proposed a three-stage mechanism for the thermal annealing process. The rise of the connectivity number for the structures obtained at increased annealing temperatures was found with strong correlation to the enhanced mechanical properties and thermal conductivity. Our PDC films obtained via annealing at 850 °C exhibit at least 14.6% higher hardness than prior reports for PDCs synthesized below 1100 °C. Furthermore, thermal conductivity up to 1.02 W (mK)−1 was achieved at the annealing temperature as low as 700 °C, which is on the same order of magnitude as PDCs obtained above 1100 °C. Using minimum thermal conductivity models, we found that the thermal transport is dominated by diffusons in the films below the percolation of rigidity, while ultra-short mean-free path phonons contribute to the thermal conductivity of the films above the percolation threshold. The findings of this work provide new insights for the development of wear-resistant and thermally conductive PDC thin films for durable protection coatings.
Working Toward a Gold Standard: The Severity of Ethanol Withdrawal Scale (SEWS) Versus the Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment Alcohol Scale (CIWA-Ar)
Authors: Beresford Thomas P , Ronan Patrick J , Taub Julie , Learned Brenda , Mi Zhibao , Anderson Mel 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Aim
Proving the Severity of Ethanol Withdrawal Scale (SEWS) significantly reduces Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome (AWS) treatment Time on Medication Protocol (TOMP).

Method
Head-to-head Quality Assurance outcome compared separate cohorts of SEWS or Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment Alcohol Scale, Revised (CIWA-Ar) data using Student’s t and Wilcoxon tests.

Results
SEWS-driven treatment (n = 244) reduced TOMP to 2.2 days versus 3.4 days for CIWA-Ar (n = 137); P &lt; 0.0001.

Conclusion
The SEWS is the superior measure of AWS symptoms.
Spontaneous variations in arousal modulate subsequent visual processing and local field potential dynamics in the ferret during quiet wakefulness
Authors: Klaver Lianne M F , Brinkhof Lotte P , Sikkens Tom , Casado-Román Lorena , Williams Alex G , van Mourik-Donga Laura , Mejías Jorge F , Pennartz Cyriel M A , Bosman Conrado A 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Behavioral states affect neuronal responses throughout the cortex and influence visual processing. Quiet wakefulness (QW) is a behavioral state during which subjects are quiescent but awake and connected to the environment. Here, we examined the effects of pre-stimulus arousal variability on post-stimulus neural activity in the primary visual cortex and posterior parietal cortex in awake ferrets, using pupil diameter as an indicator of arousal. We observed that the power of stimuli-induced alpha (8–12 Hz) decreases when the arousal level increases. The peak of alpha power shifts depending on arousal. High arousal increases inter- and intra-areal coherence. Using a simplified model of laminar circuits, we show that this connectivity pattern is compatible with feedback signals targeting infragranular layers in area posterior parietal cortex and supragranular layers in V1. During high arousal, neurons in V1 displayed higher firing rates at their preferred orientations. Broad-spiking cells in V1 are entrained to high-frequency oscillations (&gt;80 Hz), whereas narrow-spiking neurons are phase-locked to low- (12–18 Hz) and high-frequency (&gt;80 Hz) rhythms. These results indicate that the variability and sensitivity of post-stimulus cortical responses and coherence depend on the pre-stimulus behavioral state and account for the neuronal response variability observed during repeated stimulation.
A Phase 2b, Randomised, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Parallel-arm, Multicenter Study Evaluating the Safety and Efficacy of Tesnatilimab in Patients with Moderately to Severely Active Crohn’s Disease
Authors: Allez Matthieu , Sands Bruce E , Feagan Brian G , D’Haens Geert , De Hertogh Gert , Randall Charles W , Zou Bin , Johanns Jewel , O’Brien Christopher , Curran Mark , Rebuck Rory , Wang Mei-Lun , Sabins Nina , Baker Thomas , Kobayashi Taku 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background and Aims
Tesnatilimab, a monoclonal antibody targeting NKG2D, was evaluated in Crohn’s disease [CD] patients who had failed or were intolerant to biologic or conventional therapy.

Methods
TRIDENT was a phase 2b, two-part, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-arm, multicenter study. In Part 1 [proof of concept], 145 patients who were biologic intolerant or refractory [Bio-IR] or had not failed biologic therapy [Bio-NF] were randomised in a 1:1 ratio to placebo subcutaneously [SC] or tesnatilimab 400 mg SC. In Part 2 [dose ranging], 243 Bio-IR and Bio-NF patients were randomised in a 1:1:1:1:1 ratio to placebo, tesnatilimab [50 mg, 150 mg, 400 mg], or intravenous infusion of ustekinumab ~6 mg/kg at Week 0 and 90 mg SC at Weeks 8 and 16. The primary endpoint was mean change from baseline in Crohn’s Disease Activity Index [CDAI] at Week 8 [Part 1] and Week 12 [Part 2]. Clinical and endoscopic remission/response were evaluated. Efficacy analyses were also assessed by NKG2D and MICB single nucleotide polymorphism [SNP] status [SNP-positive means positive in at least one of two SNPs]. Safety events were summarised.

Results
In Part 1, mean change from baseline in CDAI score was significantly greater with tesnatilimab vs placebo at Week 8 [-103.6 vs -60.0; p &lt; 0.01]. In Part 2, no dose-response signal was detected. Mean changes from baseline in CDAI at Week 12 were -93.2, -72.2, and -84.3 for low, middle, and high doses of tesnatilimab, respectively, vs -59.2 for placebo and -148.8 for ustekinumab. Similar reductions from baseline in CDAI score were observed in patients receiving tesnatilimab, regardless of SNP status. Clinical remission rates were greater with tesnatilimab than placebo in Parts 1 and 2, whereas endoscopic response rates were greater with tesnatilimab only in Part 1. No unexpected safety events occurred.

Conclusions
Tesnatilimab was well tolerated. The efficacy of tesnatilimab in patients with CD was significant for the primary endpoint in Part 1; however, no dose-response signal was detected for the primary endpoint in Part 2. Based on these inconsistent findings, tesnatilimab was not considered an effective treatment for patients with CD and no further development is planned.

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier
NCT02877134
Effects of seed treatments and storage duration on Myzus persicae (Hemiptera: Aphididae) and amaranth fresh leaf yield
Authors: Nampeera Esther L , O’Neal Matthew E , Nonnecke Gail R , Murungi Lucy K , Abukutsa-Onyango Mary O , Wesonga John M 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The green peach aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is a key insect pest of amaranth in East Africa. Pest management has been restricted to indiscriminate application of insecticides to foliage. Applying systemic insecticides to seeds has been shown to manage aphid infestations in other crop systems. We evaluated two commercially available seed treatments in East Africa, Apron Star (thiamethoxam 20 g/kg + metalaxyl-M 20 g/kg + difenoconazole 2 g/kg) and Menceron (imidacloprid 233 g/L + pencycuron 50 g/L + thiram 107 g/L) for their efficacy against M. persicae and impact on fresh leaf yield with two Amaranthus species, Amaranthus blitum (2 selections), Amaranthus hybridus (4 selections) and untreated control. Two storage periods (24 h and 3 months) with seed treatments were used. Each amaranth selection was treated individually with Apron and Monceren or untreated, and seeds were planted either 24 h or 3 months after treatment. Significant reduction in live aphids was observed with A. blitum and A. hybridus selections grown with seed treatment, at 6, 8 and 10 d after infestation (DAI) when compared with seeds grown without seed treatment. Untreated seeds of A. hybridus (selection 5) had significantly higher number of live aphids up to 243, greater percentage of damaged leaves and leaf damage score up to 84% and 64% respectively when compared with treated seeds of specific amaranth at 10 DAI. No significant difference was noted between seed treatment and storage time. Amaranth seeds treated with Monceren offered more protection against infestations of Myzus persicae than amaranth seeds treated with Apron under high tunnel experiments.
Condition dependence and the paradox of missing plasticity costs
Authors: De Lisle Stephen P , Rowe Locke 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPhenotypic plasticity plays a key role in adaptation to changing environments. However, plasticity is neither perfect nor ubiquitous, implying that fitness costs may limit the evolution of phenotypic plasticity in nature. The measurement of such costs of plasticity has proved elusive; decades of experiments show that fitness costs of plasticity are often weak or nonexistent. Here, we show that this paradox could potentially be explained by condition dependence. We develop two models differing in their assumptions about how condition dependence arises; both models show that variation in condition can readily mask costs of plasticity even when such costs are substantial. This can be shown simply in a model where plasticity itself evolves condition dependence, which would be expected if costly. Yet similar effects emerge from an alternative model where trait expression itself is condition-dependent. In this more complex model, the average condition in each environment and genetic covariance in condition across environments both determine when costs of plasticity can be revealed. Analogous to the paradox of missing trade-offs between life history traits, our models show that variation in condition can mask costs of plasticity even when costs exist, and suggest this conclusion may be robust to the details of how condition affects trait expression. Our models suggest that condition dependence can also account for the often-observed pattern of elevated plasticity costs inferred in stressful environments, the maintenance of genetic variance in plasticity, and provides insight into experimental and biological scenarios ideal for revealing a cost of phenotypic plasticity.
Investigation of solar powered sorption cooling and heating systems to supply hospital’s thermal requirements in pandemic periods
Authors: Pastakkaya Bilsay 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In pandemic periods such as COVID-19, economic and sociological problems threaten human life and public order on a global scale. In these periods, the use of solar powered heating–cooling systems to meet the thermal needs of hospitals and to provide thermal comfort conditions offer important solutions for the elimination of technical, economic and environmental problems related to energy supply. In this study, the heating, cooling and hot water supply of a sample hospital building for the three largest cities of Turkey with a novel solar powered Li-Cl absorption heat pump system was investigated using the Transient System Simulation Tool (TRNSYS) simulation program. The use of a unique NH3-H2O resorption system as a solar powered auxiliary system was also investigated. It was determined that the total annual hot water and cooling needs of the hospital buildings in all three provinces are supplied almost completely by the solar energy powered system without compromising the hygiene and thermal comfort of the occupants. The average annual solar fraction of total heating demands are calculated as 50, 54 and 65% for İstanbul, Ankara and İzmir, respectively. In addition, depending on the use of solar energy, it has been observed that 126 tons of CO2 emissions were saved annually, and an economic saving of 524 375 TL was achieved in total. Considering the problems with energy supply during the epidemic periods, it was concluded that meeting the energy requirements of hospitals with clean, renewable and independent energy source will provide significant benefits to the countries.