bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rapid detection and quantification of Aphanomyces cochlioides in sugar beet
Authors: Rossi Valentina , Bengtsson Julia , Kiselev Andrei , Gaulin Elodie , Holmquist Louise , Grenville-Briggs Laura J. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) is an economically important crop in temperate climates providing nearly 30% of sugar production worldwide. The oomycete Aphanomyces cochlioides is the causative agent of seedling damping-off and root rot disease in sugar beet. The pathogen is responsible for plant degeneration and drastic yield losses in all major sugar beet producing areas. The identification of resistant germplasm is essential to reduce the use of chemical treatments as well as the costs of protective measures and to effectively limit the damage caused by the pathogen. In this study we aimed to establish a qPCR-based method to quantify the pathogen DNA in infected plants and to predict the resistance levels of different sugar beet genotypes in response to A. cochlioides. The difference in the response to A. cochlioides isolates with different geographical origins was investigated. In addition, confocal microscopy was performed in order to observe the spatial and temporal colonization pattern in infected seedlings of susceptible and partially resistant breeding lines. The research presented in this article provides a tool to understand the progress of the infection in infected tissues and to identify the genetic background of resistance to A. cochlioides that can be used to support breeding programs.
Characteristics and changes in Japanese public administration research: statistical content analyses of article titles in Public Administration Review Quarterly (1978–2019)
Authors: Moteki Yasutoshi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe objective of this study is to understand features of Japan’s public administration research and the changes it has undergone, by using content analyses. To this end, this study quantitatively explains research trends in postwar administrative studies in Japan by statistically analyzing article titles from the Public Administration Review Quarterly over the course of nearly 40 years. Co-occurrence network and correspondence analyses revealed the changes in research interests. There was substantially more research on administrative reforms through the postwar Showa and Heisei eras. The configuration of the correspondence analysis indicates that the first dimension is concerned with administrative reforms, the second with historical events or administrative systems, and the third with evaluations and kaizen. The co-occurrence network analysis show that two extracted compound words—the United States and the United Kingdom—were very common in studies during the Showa era (1978–1988). This suggests that Japan’s public administration was influenced by the West during this period. Japan’s policies and institutions became a feature of these studies during the Heisei era (1989–2018). The results of this analysis is partially similar to the author’s previous studies on another Japanese administrative studies journal. One commonality of the results of the analysis is that the dimension related to administrative reform was found in the correspondence analysis. In this study, the first principal component was administrative reform, and Moteki’s (Hiroshima Law J 43:205–235, 2020) correspondence analysis also found “reform,” “policy evaluation” and “governance” as characteristic extracted terms in the 2000s.
Whole Person Modeling: a transdisciplinary approach to mental health research
Authors: Felsky Daniel , Cannitelli Alyssa , Pipitone Jon 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe growing global burden of mental illness has prompted calls for innovative research strategies. Theoretical models of mental health include complex contributions of biological, psychosocial, experiential, and other environmental influences. Accordingly, neuropsychiatric research has self-organized into largely isolated disciplines working to decode each individual contribution. However, research directly modeling objective biological measurements in combination with cognitive, psychological, demographic, or other environmental measurements is only now beginning to proliferate. This review aims to (1) to describe the landscape of modern mental health research and current movement towards integrative study, (2) to provide a concrete framework for quantitative integrative research, which we call Whole Person Modeling, (3) to explore existing and emerging techniques and methods used in Whole Person Modeling, and (4) to discuss our observations about the scarcity, potential value, and untested aspects of highly transdisciplinary research in general. Whole Person Modeling studies have the potential to provide a better understanding of multilevel phenomena, deliver more accurate diagnostic and prognostic tests to aid in clinical decision making, and test long standing theoretical models of mental illness. Some current barriers to progress include challenges with interdisciplinary communication and collaboration, systemic cultural barriers to transdisciplinary career paths, technical challenges in model specification, bias, and data harmonization, and gaps in transdisciplinary educational programs. We hope to ease anxiety in the field surrounding the often mysterious and intimidating world of transdisciplinary, data-driven mental health research and provide a useful orientation for students or highly specialized researchers who are new to this area.
Direct and quantitative assessments of near-infrared light attenuation and spectroscopic detection depth in biological tissues using surface-enhanced Raman scattering
Authors: Lin Li , He Haoqi , Xue Ruiyang , Zhang Yumin , Wang Ziwen , Nie Shuming , Ye Jian 
Published: August 2023

AbstractOptical imaging and spectroscopic modalities are of broad interest for in-vivo molecular imaging, fluorescence guided cancer surgery, minimally invasive diagnostic procedures, and wearable devices. However, considerable debate still exists as to how deeply visible and near-infrared (NIR) light could penetrate normal and diseased tissues under clinically relevant conditions. Here we report the use of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) nanotags embedded in ex-vivo animal tissues for direct and quantitative measurements of light attenuation and spectroscopic detection depth at both the NIR-I and NIR-II spectral windows. SERS nanotags are well suited for this purpose because of their sharp spectral features that can be accurately differentiated from fluorescence and background emission. For the first time, the spectroscopic detection depth is quantitatively defined and measured as the maximal thickness of tissues through which the embedded SERS nanotags are still detected at a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of three (99.7% confidence level). Based on data from six types of fresh ex-vivo tissues (brain, kidney, liver, muscle, fat, and skin), we find that the maximum detection depth values range from 1—3 mm in the NIR-I window, to 3—6 mm in the NIR-II window. The depth values are largely determined by two factors – the intrinsic optical properties of the tissue, and the overall SNRs of the system without the tissue (system SNR, a result of nanotag brightness, instrument efficiency, and data acquisition parameters). In particular, there is an approximately linear-logarithmic relationship between the system SNR and maximum detection depth. Thus, the detection of hidden or occult lesions can be improved by three strategies – reducing tissue attenuation, minimizing background noise, and maximizing the system’s performance as judged by SNR.
Graphical Abstract
Anticoncentration in Ramsey graphs and a proof of the Erdős–McKay conjecture
Authors: Kwan Matthew , Sah Ashwin , Sauermann Lisa , Sawhney Mehtaab 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
An n-vertex graph is called C-Ramsey if it has no clique or independent set of size

$C\log _2 n$

(i.e., if it has near-optimal Ramsey behavior). In this paper, we study edge statistics in Ramsey graphs, in particular obtaining very precise control of the distribution of the number of edges in a random vertex subset of a C-Ramsey graph. This brings together two ongoing lines of research: the study of ‘random-like’ properties of Ramsey graphs and the study of small-ball probability for low-degree polynomials of independent random variables.
The proof proceeds via an ‘additive structure’ dichotomy on the degree sequence and involves a wide range of different tools from Fourier analysis, random matrix theory, the theory of Boolean functions, probabilistic combinatorics and low-rank approximation. In particular, a key ingredient is a new sharpened version of the quadratic Carbery–Wright theorem on small-ball probability for polynomials of Gaussians, which we believe is of independent interest. One of the consequences of our result is the resolution of an old conjecture of Erdős and McKay, for which Erdős reiterated in several of his open problem collections and for which he offered one of his notorious monetary prizes.
Causal learning with interrupted time series data
Authors: Zhang Yiwen , Rottman Benjamin M. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
People often test changes to see if the change is producing the desired result (e.g., does taking an antidepressant improve my mood, or does keeping to a consistent schedule reduce a child’s tantrums?). Despite the prevalence of such decisions in everyday life, it is unknown how well people can assess whether the change has influenced the result. According to interrupted time series analysis (ITSA), doing so involves assessing whether there has been a change to the mean (‘level’) or slope of the outcome, after versus before the change. Making this assessment could be hard for multiple reasons. First, people may have difficulty understanding the need to control the slope prior to the change. Additionally, one may need to remember events that occurred prior to the change, which may be a long time ago. In Experiments 1 and 2, we tested how well people can judge causality in 9 ITSA situations across 4 presentation formats in which participants were presented with the data simultaneously or in quick succession. We also explored individual differences. In Experiment 3, we tested how well people can judge causality when the events were spaced out once per day, mimicking a more realistic timeframe of how people make changes in their lives. We found that participants were able to learn accurate causal relations when there is a zero pre-intervention slope in the time series but had difficulty controlling for nonzero pre-intervention slopes. We discuss these results in terms of 2 heuristics that people might use.
Salt of the Empire: the making of an Ottoman monopoly, 1838–1881
Authors: Bayraktar Uğur 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe present article is a study of the fiscal history of the Ottoman salt monopoly before 1881, when it was taken over by local and European creditors. It brings a novel perspective to the literature on Ottoman finances by highlighting a case of centralized collection of an indirect tax. It argues that the interplay between the government’s urge to raise indirect contributions and the consumers’ proclivity to illicit salt determined the enterprise’s sustainability. Not merely a security for European credit, the salt monopoly was a genuine Ottoman institution in the transformation to a modern fiscal state.
Chemotrophy-based phosphatic microstromatolites from the Mississippian at Drewer, Rhenish Massif, Germany
Authors: Zwicker Jennifer , Smrzka Daniel , Gothieu Matthias , Libowitzky Eugen , Joachimski Michael M. , Ernst Böttcher Michael , Peckmann Jörn 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe Drewer quarry located in the Rhenish Massif is a well-studied outcrop that comprises Upper Devonian (Famennian) to Lower Carboniferous (Viséan) strata. Within the Drewer deposits two black shale intervals have been described that are linked to two global oceanic anoxic events, the Hangenberg Event and the Lower Alum Shale Event. The black shales associated with the Middle Tournaisian Lower Alum Shale Event contain abundant phosphatic concretions, which were investigated using thin section petrography, powder X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry and scanning electron microscopy. The concretions formed during several growth phases under anoxic and at least episodically sulphidic conditions within the sediment and served as a substrate for subsurface microbial mats that formed phosphatic microstromatolites. The microstromatolites occur either as partially branched columns of up to 600 µm in length attached to the phosphatic concretions or as smaller, bulbous aggregates surrounding the concretions. Element mapping identified the presence of pyrite and other metal sulphides within the phosphatic microstromatolites. The carbon and oxygen stable isotopic composition of phosphate-associated carbonate within the phosphatic microstromatolites suggests that the mat-forming microorganisms were probably anaerobic, chemotrophic microbial communities dwelling in the anoxic environment during the Lower Alum Shale Event. Such interpretation agrees with the deeper-water depositional setting of the Lower Alum Black Shale and its high content of organic matter, suggesting that chemotrophic microbial mats are potent agents of phosphogenesis in general, and of the formation of phosphatic stromatolites in particular.
Effect of Lolium perenne population differences on shoot tissue nitrogen concentrations when grown on a peat soil
Authors: Pijlman Jeroen , Hoekstra Nyncke , Deru Joachim , Erisman Jan Willem , van Eekeren Nick 
Published: August 2023

AbstractGrass nitrogen (N) concentrations of dairy grasslands are higher on peat soil than on mineral soils. This can lead to increased N losses to air and water from dairy farming systems on peat soils. Our hypothesis was that the use of low-N perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) genotypes could be a means to lower grass N concentrations, when grown on peat soils. Our objective was to determine whether perennial ryegrass populations with different shoot tissue N concentrations, recorded on a sandy soil, would show different shoot tissue N concentrations and N use efficiencies (NUE) or N uptake efficiencies (NUptE) when grown on a peat soil. First, a pot experiment lasting 62 days was carried out with nine diploid and seven tetraploid populations, followed by a field experiment with two diploid and two tetraploid populations and a control lasting 30 months. Both experiments had three N fertilization levels. In the pot experiment, populations explained 3% of the variation in shoot tissue N concentration among tetraploids, 5 and 7% of the variation in NUE among diploids and tetraploids and 12% of the variation in NUptE among diploids. In the field experiment, populations explained 44% of the variation in NUptE. A higher NUE coincided with lower shoot tissue N concentrations among tetraploid populations in the pot experiment. We conclude that there is potential to alter the shoot tissue N concentrations of perennial ryegrass grown on peat soil, via selection for shoot tissue N concentrations and NUE.
Advocacy at the Eighth World Congress of Pediatric Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Zheleva Bistra , Verstappen Amy , Overman David M. , Ahmad Farhan , Ali Sulafa K.M. , Al Halees Zohair Y. , Atallah Joumana Ghandour , Badhwar Isabella E. , Baker-Smith Carissa , Balestrini Maria , Basken Amy , Bassuk Jonah S. , Benson Lee , Capelli Horacio , Carollo Santo , Chowdhury Devyani , Çiçek M. Sertaç , Cohen Mitchell I. , Cooper David S. , Deanfield John E. , Dearani Joseph , del Valle Blanca , Dodds Kathryn M. , Du Junbao , Edwin Frank , Ekure Ekanem , Fatema Nurun Nahar , Gomanju Anu , Hasan Babar , Henry Lewis , Hugo-Hamman Christopher , Iyer Krishna S. , Jatene Marcelo B. , Jenkins Kathy J. , Karamlou Tara , Karl Tom R. , Kirklin James K. , Kreutzer Christián , Kumar Raman Krishna , Lopez Keila N. , Macedo Alexis Palacios , Marino Bradley S. , Marwali Eva M. , Meijboom Folkert J. , Mattos Sandra S. , Najm Hani , Newlin Dan , Novick William M. , Qureshi Sir Shakeel A. , Rahmat Budi , Raylman Robert , Saltik Irfan Levent , Sable Craig , Sandoval Nestor , Saxena Anita , Scanlan Emma , Sholler Gary F. , Smith Jodi , St Louis James D. , Tchervenkov Christo I. , Tiong Koh Ghee , Vida Vladimiro , Vosloo Susan , Weinstein Douglas J. “DJ” , Wilkinson James L. , Zuhlke Liesl , Jacobs Jeffrey P. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe Eighth World Congress of Pediatric Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery (WCPCCS) will be held in Washington DC, USA, from Saturday, 26 August, 2023 to Friday, 1 September, 2023, inclusive. The Eighth World Congress of Pediatric Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery will be the largest and most comprehensive scientific meeting dedicated to paediatric and congenital cardiac care ever held. At the time of the writing of this manuscript, The Eighth World Congress of Pediatric Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery has 5,037 registered attendees (and rising) from 117 countries, a truly diverse and international faculty of over 925 individuals from 89 countries, over 2,000 individual abstracts and poster presenters from 101 countries, and a Best Abstract Competition featuring 153 oral abstracts from 34 countries. For information about the Eighth World Congress of Pediatric Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, please visit the following website: [www.WCPCCS2023.org]. The purpose of this manuscript is to review the activities related to global health and advocacy that will occur at the Eighth World Congress of Pediatric Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery.Acknowledging the need for urgent change, we wanted to take the opportunity to bring a common voice to the global community and issue the Washington DC WCPCCS Call to Action on Addressing the Global Burden of Pediatric and Congenital Heart Diseases. A copy of this Washington DC WCPCCS Call to Action is provided in the Appendix of this manuscript. This Washington DC WCPCCS Call to Action is an initiative aimed at increasing awareness of the global burden, promoting the development of sustainable care systems, and improving access to high quality and equitable healthcare for children with heart disease as well as adults with congenital heart disease worldwide.
Constraints for the Martian Crustal Structure From Rayleigh Waves Ellipticity of Large Seismic Events
Authors: Carrasco Sebastián , Knapmeyer‐Endrun Brigitte , Margerin Ludovic , Xu Zongbo , Joshi Rakshit , Schimmel Martin , Stutzmann Eleonore , Charalambous Constantinos , Lognonné Philippe , Banerdt W. Bruce 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFor the first time, we measured the ellipticity of direct Rayleigh waves at intermediate periods (15–35 s) on Mars using the recordings of three large seismic Martian events, including S1222a, the largest event recorded by the InSight mission. These measurements, together with P‐to‐s receiver functions and P‐wave reflection times, were utilized for performing a joint inversion of the local crustal structure at the InSight landing site. Our inversion results are compatible with previously reported intra‐crustal discontinuities around 10 and 20 km depths, whereas the preferred models show a strong discontinuity at ∼37 km, which is interpreted as the crust‐mantle interface. Additionally, we support the presence of a shallow low‐velocity layer of 2–3 km thickness. Compared to nearby regions, lower seismic wave velocities are derived for the crust, suggesting a higher porosity or alteration of the whole local crust.
Flexible thermoelectric generator and energy management electronics powered by body heat
Authors: Yang Shuai , Li Yumei , Deng Ling , Tian Song , Yao Ye , Yang Fan , Feng Changlei , Dai Jun , Wang Ping , Gao Mingyuan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractUninterrupted, efficient power supplies have posed a significant hurdle to the ubiquitous adoption of wearable devices, despite their potential for revolutionizing human‒machine interactions. This challenge is further compounded by the requirement of these devices to supply dependable energy for data-intensive sensing and transmission. Traditional thermoelectric solutions fail to deliver satisfactory performance under conditions of extremely low voltages. Here, we present a novel solution of a wearable thermoelectric generator integrated with an energy management system, which is capable of powering sensors and Bluetooth by harnessing body heat. Distinct from previous works, our innovation lies in its ability to consistently operate even with a minimal temperature difference (i.e., 4 K) between the human skin and the ambient environment, ensuring reliable data transmission within a time as short as 1.6 s. Furthermore, our system can recharge utilizing body heat under ultralow voltage conditions (30 mV). Our developed system provides a novel pathway for the continuous, reliable monitoring of self-contained wearable devices without depending on batteries.
Social circuits and their dysfunction in autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Sato Masaaki , Nakai Nobuhiro , Fujima Shuhei , Choe Katrina Y. , Takumi Toru 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSocial behaviors, how individuals act cooperatively and competitively with conspecifics, are widely seen across species. Rodents display various social behaviors, and many different behavioral paradigms have been used for investigating their neural circuit bases. Social behavior is highly vulnerable to brain network dysfunction caused by neurological and neuropsychiatric conditions such as autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). Studying mouse models of ASD provides a promising avenue toward elucidating mechanisms of abnormal social behavior and potential therapeutic targets for treatment. In this review, we outline recent progress and key findings on neural circuit mechanisms underlying social behavior, with particular emphasis on rodent studies that monitor and manipulate the activity of specific circuits using modern systems neuroscience approaches. Social behavior is mediated by a distributed brain-wide network among major cortical (e.g., medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), anterior cingulate cortex, and insular cortex (IC)) and subcortical (e.g., nucleus accumbens, basolateral amygdala (BLA), and ventral tegmental area) structures, influenced by multiple neuromodulatory systems (e.g., oxytocin, dopamine, and serotonin). We particularly draw special attention to IC as a unique cortical area that mediates multisensory integration, encoding of ongoing social interaction, social decision-making, emotion, and empathy. Additionally, a synthesis of studies investigating ASD mouse models demonstrates that dysfunctions in mPFC-BLA circuitry and neuromodulation are prominent. Pharmacological rescues by local or systemic (e.g., oral) administration of various drugs have provided valuable clues for developing new therapeutic agents for ASD. Future efforts and technological advances will push forward the next frontiers in this field, such as the elucidation of brain-wide network activity and inter-brain neural dynamics during real and virtual social interactions, and the establishment of circuit-based therapy for disorders affecting social functions.