bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thank You to Our 2022 Reviewers
Authors: Wysession Michael , Grimm Nancy , Hofmann Eileen , Illangasekare Tissa , Peterson Bill , Zhang Renyi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPerspectives articles pose a unique challenge for reviewers, compared to other AGU journals. Most scientific journals follow a fairly standard format and style, but this is not the case with Perspectives, where articles can take many different forms. Most scientific journals also discourage the incorporation of an author's personality, but for Perspectives it is requested. This means that reviewers have to evaluate Perspectives articles not only on the accuracy and validity of their scientific content but also on the quality of the storytelling involved, with an eye toward their usefulness in both documenting the history of our fields and in inspiring the future scientists of tomorrow. Perspectives is a relatively new and expanding journal. Last year we had 17 reviewers to thank; this year the number is up to 56. We are very grateful for the wisdom and flexibility shown by our reviewers, and the entire editorial board of Perspectives would like to express our deep appreciation for all the work they have done. Thank you!
Benthic Foraminiferal Mn/Ca as Low‐Oxygen Proxy in Fjord Sediments
Authors: Brinkmann Inda , Barras Christine , Jilbert Tom , Paul K. Mareike , Somogyi Andrea , Ni Sha , Schweizer Magali , Bernhard Joan M. , Filipsson Helena L. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractFjord systems are typically affected by low‐oxygen conditions, which are increasing in extent and severity, forced by ongoing global changes. Fjord sedimentary records can provide high temporal resolution archives to aid our understanding of the underlying mechanisms and impacts of current deoxygenation. However, such archives can only be interpreted with well‐calibrated proxies. Bottom‐water oxygen conditions determine redox regime and availability of redox‐sensitive trace elements such as manganese, which in turn may be recorded by manganese‐to‐calcium ratios (Mn/Ca) in biogenic calcium carbonates (e.g., benthic foraminifera tests). However, biological influences on Mn incorporation (e.g., species‐specific Mn fractionation, ontogeny, living and calcification depths) are still poorly constrained. We analyzed Mn/Ca of living benthic foraminifera (Bulimina marginata, Nonionellina labradorica), sampled at low‐ to well‐oxygenated conditions over a seasonal gradient in Gullmar Fjord, Swedish West coast (71–217 μmol/L oxygen (O2)), by laser‐ablation ICP‐MS. High pore‐water Mn availability in the fjord supported Mn incorporation by foraminifera. B. marginata recorded contrasting Mn redox regimes sensitively and demonstrated potential as proxy for low‐oxygen conditions. Synchrotron‐based scanning X‐ray fluorescence nanoimaging of Mn distributions across B. marginata tests displayed Mn/Ca shifts by chambers, reflecting bottom‐water oxygenation history and/or ontogeny‐driven life strategy preferences. In contrast, Mn/Ca signals of N. labradorica were extremely high and insensitive to environmental variability. We explore potential biologically controlled mechanisms that could potentially explain this species‐specific response. Our data suggest that with the selection of sensitive candidate species, the Mn/Ca proxy has potential to be further developed for quantitative oxygen reconstructions in the low‐oxygen range.
Auroral Imaging With Combined Suomi 100 Nanosatellite and Ground‐Based Observations: A Case Study
Authors: Kallio Esa , Harri Ari‐Matti , Knuuttila Olli , Jarvinen Riku , Kauristie Kirsti , Kestilä Antti , Kivekäs Jarmo , Koskimaa Petri , Lukkari Juha‐Matti , Partamies Noora , Rynö Jouni , Syrjäsuo Mikko 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAuroras can be regarded as the most fascinating manifestation of space weather and they are continuously observed by ground‐based and, nowadays more and more, also by space‐based measurements. Investigations of auroras and geospace comprise the main research goals of the Suomi 100 nanosatellite, the first Finnish space research satellite, which has been measuring the Earth's ionosphere since its launch on 3 December 2018. In this work, we present a case study where the satellite's camera observations of an aurora over Northern Europe are combined with ground‐based observations of the same event. The analyzed image is, to the authors' best knowledge, the first auroral image ever taken by a CubeSat. Our data analysis shows that a satellite vantage point provides complementary, novel information of such phenomena. The 3D auroral location reconstruction of the analyzed auroral event demonstrates how information from a 2D image can be used to provide location information of auroras under study. The location modeling also suggests that the Earth's limb direction, which was the case in the analyzed image, is an ideal direction to observe faint auroras. Although imaging on a small satellite has some large disadvantages compared with ground‐based imaging (the camera cannot be repaired, a fast moving spinning satellite), the data analysis and modeling demonstrate how even a small 1‐Unit (size: 10 × 10 × 10 cm) CubeSat and its camera, build using cheap commercial off‐the‐shelf components, can open new possibilities for auroral research, especially, when its measurements are combined with ground‐based observations.
Aerosol jet printing of piezoelectric surface acoustic wave thermometer
Authors: McKibben Nicholas , Ryel Blake , Manzi Jacob , Muramutsa Florent , Daw Joshua , Subbaraman Harish , Estrada David , Deng Zhangxian 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSurface acoustic wave (SAW) devices are a subclass of micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) that generate an acoustic emission when electrically stimulated. These transducers also work as detectors, converting surface strain into readable electrical signals. Physical properties of the generated SAW are material dependent and influenced by external factors like temperature. By monitoring temperature-dependent scattering parameters a SAW device can function as a thermometer to elucidate substrate temperature. Traditional fabrication of SAW sensors requires labor- and cost- intensive subtractive processes that produce large volumes of hazardous waste. This study utilizes an innovative aerosol jet printer to directly write consistent, high-resolution, silver comb electrodes onto a Y-cut LiNbO3 substrate. The printed, two-port, 20 MHz SAW sensor exhibited excellent linearity and repeatability while being verified as a thermometer from 25 to 200 ∘C. Sensitivities of the printed SAW thermometer are $$-96.9\times 1{0{}^{-6}}^{\circ }$$

−
96.9
×
1

0

−
6

∘

C−1 and $$-92.0\times 1{0{}^{-6}}^{\circ }$$

−
92.0
×
1

0

−
6

∘

C−1 when operating in pulse-echo mode and pulse-receiver mode, respectively. These results highlight a repeatable path to the additive fabrication of compact high-frequency SAW thermometers.
Curriculum and assessment tool for less invasive surfactant administration: an international Delphi consensus study
Authors: Breindahl Niklas , Tolsgaard Martin G. , Henriksen Tine B. , Roehr Charles C. , Szczapa Tomasz , Gagliardi Luigi , Vento Maximo , Støen Ragnhild , Bohlin Kajsa , van Kaam Anton H. , Klotz Daniel , Durrmeyer Xavier , Han Tongyan , Katheria Anup C. , Dargaville Peter A. , Aunsholt Lise 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Training and assessment of operator competence for the less invasive surfactant administration (LISA) procedure vary. This study aimed to obtain international expert consensus on LISA training (LISA curriculum (LISA-CUR)) and assessment (LISA assessment tool (LISA-AT)).

Methods
From February to July 2022, an international three-round Delphi process gathered opinions from LISA experts (researchers, curriculum developers, and clinical educators) on a list of items to be included in a LISA-CUR and LISA-AT (Round 1). The experts rated the importance of each item (Round 2). Items supported by more than 80% consensus were included. All experts were asked to approve or reject the final LISA-CUR and LISA-AT (Round 3).

Results
A total of 153 experts from 14 countries participated in Round 1, and the response rate for Rounds 2 and 3 was >80%. Round 1 identified 44 items for LISA-CUR and 22 for LISA-AT. Round 2 excluded 15 items for the LISA-CUR and 7 items for the LISA-AT. Round 3 resulted in a strong consensus (99–100%) for the final 29 items for the LISA-CUR and 15 items for the LISA-AT.

Conclusions
This Delphi process established an international consensus on a training curriculum and content evidence for the assessment of LISA competence.

Impact

This international consensus-based expert statement provides content on a curriculum for the less invasive surfactant administration procedure (LISA-CUR) that may be partnered with existing evidence-based strategies to optimize and standardize LISA training in the future.

This international consensus-based expert statement also provides content on an assessment tool for the LISA procedure (LISA-AT) that can help to evaluate competence in LISA operators. The proposed LISA-AT enables standardized, continuous feedback and assessment until achieving proficiency.
p53-dependent DNA repair during the DNA damage response requires actin nucleation by JMY
Authors: Rodriguez-Pastrana Ignacio , Birli Eleni , Coutts Amanda S. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe tumour suppressor p53 is a nuclear transcription factor with key roles during DNA damage to enable a variety of cellular responses including cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and DNA repair. JMY is an actin nucleator and DNA damage-responsive protein whose sub-cellular localisation is responsive to stress and during DNA damage JMY undergoes nuclear accumulation. To gain an understanding of the wider role for nuclear JMY in transcriptional regulation, we performed transcriptomics to identify JMY-mediated changes in gene expression during the DNA damage response. We show that JMY is required for effective regulation of key p53 target genes involved in DNA repair, including XPC, XRCC5 (Ku80) and TP53I3 (PIG3). Moreover, JMY depletion or knockout leads to increased DNA damage and nuclear JMY requires its Arp2/3-dependent actin nucleation function to promote the clearance of DNA lesions. In human patient samples a lack of JMY is associated with increased tumour mutation count and in cells results in reduced cell survival and increased sensitivity to DNA damage response kinase inhibition. Collectively, we demonstrate that JMY enables p53-dependent DNA repair under genotoxic stress and suggest a role for actin in JMY nuclear activity during the DNA damage response.
MBD2 facilitates tumor metastasis by mitigating DDB2 expression
Authors: Zhang Lei , Wang Siyuan , Wu Guo-Rao , Yue Huihui , Dong Ruihan , Zhang Shu , Yu Qilin , Yang Ping , Zhao Jianping , Zhang Huilan , Yu Jun , Yuan Xianglin , Xiong Weining , Yang Xiangliang , Yong Tuying , Wang Cong-Yi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDespite past extensive studies, the pathoetiologies underlying tumor metastasis remain poorly understood, which renders its treatment largely unsuccessful. The methyl-CpG-binding domain 2 (MBD2), a “reader” to interpret DNA methylome-encoded information, has been noted to be involved in the development of certain types of tumors, while its exact impact on tumor metastasis remains elusive. Herein we demonstrated that patients with LUAD metastasis were highly correlated with enhanced MBD2 expression. Therefore, knockdown of MBD2 significantly attenuated the migration and invasion of LUAD cells (A549 and H1975 cell lines) coupled with attenuated epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). Moreover, similar results were observed in other types of tumor cells (B16F10). Mechanistically, MBD2 selectively bound to the methylated CpG DNA within the DDB2 promoter, by which MBD2 repressed DDB2 expression to promote tumor metastasis. As a result, administration of MBD2 siRNA-loaded liposomes remarkably suppressed EMT along with attenuated tumor metastasis in the B16F10 tumor-bearing mice. Collectively, our study indicates that MBD2 could be a promising prognostic marker for tumor metastasis, while administration of MBD2 siRNA-loaded liposomes could be a viable therapeutic approach against tumor metastasis in clinical settings.
CHRM4/AKT/MYCN upregulates interferon alpha-17 in the tumor microenvironment to promote neuroendocrine differentiation of prostate cancer
Authors: Wen Yu-Ching , Tram Van Thi Ngoc , Chen Wei-Hao , Li Chien-Hsiu , Yeh Hsiu-Lien , Thuy Dung Phan Vu , Jiang Kuo-Ching , Li Han-Ru , Huang Jiaoti , Hsiao Michael , Chen Wei-Yu , Liu Yen-Nien 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCurrent treatment options for prostate cancer focus on targeting androgen receptor (AR) signaling. Inhibiting effects of AR may activate neuroendocrine differentiation and lineage plasticity pathways, thereby promoting the development of neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC). Understanding the regulatory mechanisms of AR has important clinical implications for this most aggressive type of prostate cancer. Here, we demonstrated the tumor-suppressive role of the AR and found that activated AR could directly bind to the regulatory sequence of muscarinic acetylcholine receptor 4 (CHRM4) and downregulate its expression. CHRM4 was highly expressed in prostate cancer cells after androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT). CHRM4 overexpression may drive neuroendocrine differentiation of prostate cancer cells and is associated with immunosuppressive cytokine responses in the tumor microenvironment (TME) of prostate cancer. Mechanistically, CHRM4-driven AKT/MYCN signaling upregulated the interferon alpha 17 (IFNA17) cytokine in the prostate cancer TME after ADT. IFNA17 mediates a feedback mechanism in the TME by activating the CHRM4/AKT/MYCN signaling-driven immune checkpoint pathway and neuroendocrine differentiation of prostate cancer cells. We explored the therapeutic efficacy of targeting CHRM4 as a potential treatment for NEPC and evaluated IFNA17 secretion in the TME as a possible predictive prognostic biomarker for NEPC.
Feasibility study of an automated Strabismus screening Test using Augmented Reality and Eye-tracking (STARE)
Authors: Nixon Nisha , Thomas Peter B. M. , Jones Pete R. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
New digital technologies (augmented reality headsets, eye-tracking) may potentially allow for automated assessments of ocular misalignment. Here, we evaluate the feasibility of a novel, open-source strabismus test (“STARE”) as an automated screening tool.

Methods
Work progressed in 2 phases. In phase 1 (“development”), we used Fresnel prisms to elicit horizontal misalignments of known magnitude (1–40 prism dioptres) in orthotropic controls. In phase 2 (“validation”), we applied the system to adults with an established diagnosis of strabismus, and quantified the ability of the test to distinguish between those with horizontal misalignment and those without. Agreement between the alternate prism cover test measurements and STARE measurements was computed using Bland–Altman plots and product-moment correlation coefficients.

Results
Seven orthotropic controls and nineteen patients with strabismus were recruited (mean age 58.7 ± 22.4 years). STARE was able to identify the presence of horizontal strabismus with an area under the curve of 1.00 (100% sensitivity and 100% specificity). The mean difference (bias) {95% CI} was 2.1 {−1.8, 9.9} prism dioptres, and the 95% coefficient of repeatability {95% CI} was ±27.9 {14.8, 50.8} prism dioptres. The Pearson correlation between APCT and STARE was r24 = 0.62, P < 0.001.

Conclusions
STARE shows promise as a simple, automated tool for performing a screening assessment of strabismus. It is a rapid (60 s) test that can be performed using a consumer augmented reality headset with integrated eye-tracking, and might conceivably be used remotely by non-specialists in future as a means of highlighting individuals needing face-to-face specialist care.
SEL1L–HRD1 endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation controls STING-mediated innate immunity by limiting the size of the activable STING pool
Authors: Ji Yewei , Luo Yuan , Wu Yating , Sun Yao , Zhao Lianfeng , Xue Zhen , Sun Mengqi , Wei Xiaoqiong , He Zinan , Wu Shuangcheng Alivia , Lin Liangguang Leo , Lu You , Chang Lei , Chen Fei , Chen Siyu , Qian Wei , Xu Xiaoxi , Chen Shengnuo , Pan Dongli , Zhou Zhangsen , Xia Sheng , Hu Chih-Chi Andrew , Liang Tingbo , Qi Ling 
Published: May 2023

AbstractStimulator of interferon genes (STING) orchestrates the production of proinflammatory cytokines in response to cytosolic double-stranded DNA; however, the pathophysiological significance and molecular mechanism underlying the folding and maturation of nascent STING protein at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) remain unknown. Here we report that the SEL1L–HRD1 protein complex—the most conserved branch of ER-associated degradation (ERAD)—is a negative regulator of the STING innate immunity by ubiquitinating and targeting nascent STING protein for proteasomal degradation in the basal state. SEL1L or HRD1 deficiency in macrophages specifically amplifies STING signalling and immunity against viral infection and tumour growth. Mechanistically, nascent STING protein is a bona fide substrate of SEL1L–HRD1 in the basal state, uncoupled from ER stress or its sensor inositol-requiring enzyme 1α. Hence, our study not only establishes a key role of SEL1L–HRD1 ERAD in innate immunity by limiting the size of the activable STING pool, but identifies a regulatory mechanism and therapeutic approach to targeting STING.
Efficient prime editing in mouse brain, liver and heart with dual AAVs
Authors: Davis Jessie R. , Banskota Samagya , Levy Jonathan M. , Newby Gregory A. , Wang Xiao , Anzalone Andrew V. , Nelson Andrew T. , Chen Peter J. , Hennes Andrew D. , An Meirui , Roh Heejin , Randolph Peyton B. , Musunuru Kiran , Liu David R. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractRealizing the promise of prime editing for the study and treatment of genetic disorders requires efficient methods for delivering prime editors (PEs) in vivo. Here we describe the identification of bottlenecks limiting adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated prime editing in vivo and the development of AAV-PE vectors with increased PE expression, prime editing guide RNA stability and modulation of DNA repair. The resulting dual-AAV systems, v1em and v3em PE-AAV, enable therapeutically relevant prime editing in mouse brain (up to 42% efficiency in cortex), liver (up to 46%) and heart (up to 11%). We apply these systems to install putative protective mutations in vivo for Alzheimer’s disease in astrocytes and for coronary artery disease in hepatocytes. In vivo prime editing with v3em PE-AAV caused no detectable off-target effects or significant changes in liver enzymes or histology. Optimized PE-AAV systems support the highest unenriched levels of in vivo prime editing reported to date, facilitating the study and potential treatment of diseases with a genetic component.
Prevalence and risk factors of burden among caregivers of older emergency department patients
Authors: Zaalberg Tessel , Barten Dennis G. , van Heugten Caroline M. , Klijnsma Petra , Knarren Lieve , Hiemstra Ytje , Kurvers Roel A. J. , Lekx Anita W. , Mooijaart Simon P. , Janssen-Heijnen Maryska 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe number of older individuals that live independently at home is rising. These older individuals often rely on caregivers who have a similar age and health status. Therefore, caregivers may experience a high burden. We determined the prevalence and associating factors of burden among caregivers of older patients in the emergency department (ED). A cross-sectional study of primary caregivers of patients aged ≥ 70 years visiting the ED of a Dutch teaching hospital was performed. Structured interviews were conducted with patients and their caregivers. Caregiver burden was measured using the caregiver strain index (CSI). Additionally, data from questionnaires and medical records were extracted to determine potential associating factors. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were conducted to identify independent determinants for burden. Seventy-eight caregivers (39%) experienced a high burden. Multivariate analysis showed a significant association between high caregiver burden and patients with cognitive impairment or dependency for instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) and more self-reported hours of care per day. Almost 40% of older patients in the ED have a caregiver who experiences a high burden. Formal assessment in the ED may help provide adequate care to the patients and their caregivers.
Exercise with a wearable hip-assist robot improved physical function and walking efficiency in older adults
Authors: Lee Su-Hyun , Kim Jihye , Lim Bokman , Lee Hwang-Jae , Kim Yun-Hee 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWearable assistive robotics has emerged as a promising technology to supplement or replace motor functions and to retrain people recovering from an injury or living with reduced mobility. We developed delayed output feedback control for a wearable hip-assistive robot, the EX1, to provide gait assistance. Our purpose in this study was to investigate the effects of long-term exercise with EX1 on gait, physical function, and cardiopulmonary metabolic energy efficiency in elderly people. This study used parallel experimental (exercise with EX1) and control groups (exercise without EX1). A total of 60 community-dwelling elderly persons participated in 18 exercise intervention sessions during 6 weeks, and all participants were assessed at 5 time points: before exercise, after 9 exercise sessions, after 18 sessions, and 1 month and 3 months after the last session. The spatiotemporal gait parameters, kinematics, kinetics, and muscle strength of the trunk and lower extremities improved more after exercise with EX1 than in that without EX1. Furthermore, the effort of muscles over the trunk and lower extremities throughout the total gait cycle (100%) significantly decreased after exercise with EX1. The net metabolic energy costs during walking significantly improved, and functional assessment scores improved more in the experimental group than in the control group. Our findings provide evidence supporting the application of EX1 in physical activity and gait exercise is effective to improve age-related declines in gait, physical function, and cardiopulmonary metabolic efficiency among older adults.
Synthesis of polyacene by using a metal–organic framework
Authors: Kitao Takashi , Miura Takumi , Nakayama Ryo , Tsutsui Yusuke , Chan Yee Seng , Hayashi Hironobu , Yamada Hiroko , Seki Shu , Hitosugi Taro , Uemura Takashi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe acene series, an important class of linearly polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, are of interest owing to their unique physicochemical features. With an increase in the number of fused benzene rings, acenes display an evolution of electronic structure and properties. Thus, efforts have been devoted to the synthesis of longer acenes, with dodecacene being the longest acene (12 fused benzene rings) reported to date. However, the formation of polymeric acenes with numerous benzene rings, namely polyacene, has yet to be realized. Herein, we present a methodology for the synthesis of polyacene mediated by a metal–organic framework. Nanoconfined synthesis of precursor polymers in the channels of the metal–organic framework and the subsequent dehydro-aromatization reaction produced polyacene that was overwhelmingly longer than the previously reported acenes. The scalable synthesis of polyacene allowed us to unveil the stability and electronic properties of polyacene, paving the way for their widespread applications in optoelectronic and magnetic devices.