bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Orofacial dysfunction after stroke—A multidisciplinary approach
Authors: Skott Pia , Åkesson Elisabet , Johansson Kerstin , Dalum Jesper , Persson Emmelie , Karlsson Åsa , Seiger Åke , McAllister Anita , Sandborgh‐Englund Gunilla 
Published: September 2023

ObjectiveThis paper describes the study protocol in an ongoing clinical trial evaluating oral screen training as part of a post‐stroke rehabilitation programme. Baseline data were related to four domains: dysphagia, lip function, masticatory performance and patient‐related outcome measures (PROM).BackgroundStroke is one of the most common causes of disability‐adjusted life years, and dysphagia is a common remaining problem after stroke. Rehabilitation using oral screen training has been suggested to improve swallowing, but evidence is still insufficient.Materials and MethodsPatients diagnosed with stroke with persisting objective and/or subjective swallowing dysfunction after primary rehabilitation were assessed for eligibility. In total, 25 patients were included. Objective function was assessed by swallowing capacity test (SCT), lip force and masticatory performance, subjective function by EAT‐10 and NOT‐S and PROM by LiSat‐11 and ESAS.ResultsBaseline data presented a heterogeneous pattern with no significant association between objective and subjective dysfunction. Most of the participants (20/25) showed impaired swallowing capacity in SCT, and 23/24 revealed orofacial dysfunction according to NOT‐S. The most common subjective item reported was chewing and swallowing problems (19/24).ConclusionThe heterogenous findings in the included tests and the lack of correlations emphasise the importance of multidisciplinary approaches to identify objective and subjective orofacial post‐stroke dysfunction in clinical practice to be able to offer evidence‐based individualised care. The included participants were representative of stroke patients with dysphagia, which supports proceeding with the planned intervention.
Wnt10b knockdown promotes UCP1 expression in brown adipose tissue in mice
Authors: Jia Yanxin , Liu Yan , Liu Shuang , Chang Yaxin , Xu Longfei , Li Haifang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe effect of Wnt10b overexpression on adipose tissue development has been reported. However, the impact of Wnt10b knockdown on the function of brown adipose tissue (BAT) is yet largely unknown. Here, we used the CRISPR/Cas9 technique to generate Wnt10b‐knockdown (Wnt10b+/−) mice. We compared the development and thermogenic gene expression of interscapular BAT (iBAT) between Wnt10b+/− and Wnt10b+/+ mice under a chow diet, high‐fat diet (HFD), and cold exposure conditions. Moreover, the effect of Wnt10b knockdown on brown adipocyte function was tested via in vitro experiments. Results indicated that Wnt10b knockdown decreased the iBAT mass and the brown adipocyte size and enhanced thermogenic gene expression, including UCP1, under chow diet conditions. In addition, Wnt10b+/− mice appeared to be able to maintain their body temperature better than the control in a cold environment, accompanied by higher UCP1 protein expression. Intriguingly, even under HFD conditions, Wnt10b+/− mice still showed higher UCP1 expression, which was associated with an alleviated obesity phenotype. In vitro studies further evidenced the Wnt10b knockdown stimulation of UCP1 expression and suppression of the adipogenic program. This study indicates that Wnt10b knockdown enhances UCP1 expression and inhibits the adipogenic differentiation of brown adipocytes, providing a novel option for therapeutic interventions in adiposity.
Lumicrine signaling: Extracellular regulation of sperm maturation in the male reproductive tract lumen
Authors: Kiyozumi Daiji 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe behaviors of cells, tissues, and organs are controlled by the extracellular environment in addition to their autonomous regulatory system. Dysfunction of extracellular regulatory mechanisms affects not only the development and survival of organisms but also successful reproduction. In this review article, a novel extracellular regulatory mechanism regulating the mammalian male reproductive ability will be briefly summarized. In terrestrial vertebrates, spermatozoa generated in the testis are transported through the lumen of the male reproductive tract and become functionally mature during the transport. Recent studies with gene‐modified animals are unveiling the luminal extracellular environment of the reproductive tract to function not only as the pathway of sperm transport and the site of sperm maturation but also as the channel for cellular communication to regulate sperm maturation. Of special interest is the molecular mechanism of lumicrine signaling, a transluminal secreted signal transduction in the male reproductive tract lumen as a master regulator of sperm maturation and male reproductive ability. The general significance of such transluminal signaling in the context of cell biology will also be discussed.
The role of toll‐like receptors in immune tolerance induced by Helicobacter pylori infection
Authors: Zhang Xiulin , Zhang Ke , Yan Linlin , Wang Pengfei , Zhao Fan , Hu Shoukui 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHelicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a gram‐negative, microaerobic bacterium that colonizes the gastric mucosa in about half of the world's population. H. pylori infection can lead to various diseases. Chronic infection by H. pylori exposes the gastric mucosa to bacterial components such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS), outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), and several toxic proteins. Infected with H. pylori activates the release of pro‐inflammatory factors and triggers inflammatory responses that damage the gastric mucosa. As the only microorganism that permanently colonizes the human stomach, H. pylori can suppress host immunity to achieve long‐term colonization. Toll‐like receptors (TLRs) play a crucial role in T‐cell activation, promoting innate immune responses and immune tolerance during H. pylori infection. Among the 10 TLRs found in humans, TLR2, TLR4, TLR5, and TLR9 have been thoroughly investigated in relation to H. pylori‐linked immune regulation. In the present review, we provide a comprehensive analysis of the various mechanisms employed by different TLRs in the induction of immune tolerance upon H. pylori infection, which will contribute to the research of pathogenic mechanism of H. pylori.
Development and validation of machine learning model for predicting treatment responders in patients with primary biliary cholangitis
Authors: Kimura Naruhiro , Takahashi Kazuya , Setsu Toru , Horibata Yusuke , Kaneko Yusuke , Miyazaki Haruka , Ogawa Kohei , Kawata Yuzo , Sakai Norihiro , Watanabe Yusuke , Abe Hiroyuki , Kamimura Hiroteru , Sakamaki Akira , Yokoo Takeshi , Kamimura Kenya , Tsuchiya Atsunori , Terai Shuji 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimsUrsodeoxycholic acid is the first‐line treatment for primary biliary cholangitis, and treatment response is one of the factors predicting the outcome. To prescribe alternative therapies, clinicians might need additional information before deciphering the treatment response to ursodeoxycholic acid, contributing to a better patient prognosis. In this study, we developed and validated machine learning (ML) algorithms to predict treatment responses using pretreatment data.MethodsThis multicenter cohort study included collecting datasets from two data samples. Data 1 included 245 patients from 18 hospitals for ML development, and was divided into (i) training and (ii) development sets. Data 2 (iii: test set) included 51 patients from our hospital for validation. An extreme gradient boosted tree predicted the treatment response in the ML model. The area under the curve was used to evaluate the efficacy of the algorithm.ResultsData 1 showed that patients complying with the Paris II treatment response had significantly lower serum alkaline phosphatase and total bilirubin levels than those who did not respond. Three factors, total bilirubin, total protein, and alanine aminotransferase levels were selected as essential variables for prediction. Data 2 showed that patients complying with the Paris II criteria had significantly high prothrombin time and low total bilirubin levels. The area under the curve of extreme gradient boosted tree was good for (ii) (0.811) and (iii) (0.856).ConclusionsWe demonstrated the efficacy of ML in predicting the treatment response for patients with primary biliary cholangitis. Early identification of cases requiring additional treatment with our novel ML model may improve prognosis.
Dutch dental hygiene students' knowledge of HPV‐related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma and HPV vaccination
Authors: Poelman Marcella R. , Brand Henk S. , de Jong Deborah G. , van den Berg Iris , Dool Rosalie , de Visscher Jan G. A. M. , Jager Derk H. Jan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe incidence of human papillomavirus (HPV)‐related oropharyngeal cancer is rising, thus the understanding of HPV infection and vaccination among oral healthcare professionals is becoming increasingly important. This study aimed to investigate the knowledge of Dutch dental hygiene students on HPV infection and vaccination and assessed various aspects of HPV‐related oropharyngeal cancer.MethodsThis descriptive cross‐sectional study invited the entire Dutch dental hygiene student population registered in September 2016 to complete an online questionnaire concerning the knowledge of HPV infection and vaccination, including the aspects of HPV‐related Oro‐Pharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OPSCC). Data were analysed using t‐tests, Mann–Whitney U tests and Chi‐square tests.ResultsInvited were all 1248 Dutch dental hygiene students and 232 (18.6%) students completed the questionnaire. More than 95% of the students indicated HPV infection as a risk factor for OPSCC and 48.7% was aware of the availability of HPV vaccination. Additionally, students considered it important to discuss HPV as a risk factor for oropharyngeal cancer with their patients. In general, the students scored highest on the questions about risk factors for OPSCC and poorest on the questions about general HPV knowledge and HPV vaccination. Although the mean overall knowledge score was significantly higher in senior compared with junior students, knowledge scores of senior students remained insufficient.ConclusionThis study identified deficits in knowledge of HPV and HPV vaccination among Dutch dental hygiene students. Future research should focus on improving the content of dental hygiene curricula and development of ongoing educational tools for dental hygienists.
“Hurdles race for CAR T‐cell therapy in digestive tract cancer”
Authors: Kronig Marie‐Noelle , Wehrli Marc , Salas‐Benito Diego , Maus Marcela V. 
Published: September 2023

SummaryDigestive tract cancers (DTC) belong to the most investigated family of tumors. The incidence, prevalence, and mortality rate of DTC remain high, especially for patients with pancreatic cancer. Even though immunotherapy such as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have revolutionized the treatment of solid cancer types, ICI are still restricted to a very small group of patients and seem to be more efficacious in combination with chemotherapy. Cellular immunotherapy such as CAR T‐cell therapy has entered clinical routine in hematological malignancies with outstanding results. There is growing interest on translating this kind of immunotherapy and success into patients with solid malignancies, such as DTC. This review attempts to describe the major advances in preclinical and clinical research with CAR T cells in DTC, considering the most relevant hurdles in each subtype of DTC.
Career development of doctorally prepared nurses
Authors: van Dongen Lisa , Hafsteinsdottir Thóra B. , Broome Marion E. , Suhonen Riitta , Leino‐Kilpi Helena 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimTo integrate research literature regarding careers, career development and factors influencing the career development of doctorally prepared nurses.DesignAn integrative review.Data SourcesMedline, CINAHL and Embase were searched in June 2022 without time restrictions.MethodsPeer‐reviewed empirical publications written in English with different types of study designs were included. Two researchers independently applied eligibility criteria, selected studies and conducted quality appraisals using Joanna Briggs checklists. Data were extracted and analysed using a convergent integrated approach with thematic analysis. Themes were established within three categories based on the research questions: career, career development and factors influencing career development.ResultsTwenty‐two studies were included. Nine themes were identified. One theme regarding careers describes that doctorally prepared nurses need to prioritize work within different positions. The two themes focusing on career development described the need to determine career goals after the doctorate and further develop competencies. Six themes described factors influencing career development: ‘Intrinsic motivation to improve health care and nursing education’, ‘Available support sources’, ‘Professional development programmes’, ‘Work–life balance’, ‘Organizational infrastructures for career advancement’ and ‘Competition and hostile treatment among colleagues’.ConclusionLimited knowledge of the careers and career development of doctorally prepared nurses was found. Doctorally prepared nurses need to balance work with various part‐time positions. Careers and career development could be supported by the development of structures for career advancement as well as supportive working environments.ImpactDoctorally prepared nurses with strong careers are important to health care and nursing as they generate and implement new knowledge into clinical practice and thereby support the improvement of (nursing) care and patient outcomes. This study provides considerations towards strengthening the careers of doctorally prepared nurses.Reporting MethodPRISMA.Patient or Public ContributionNo Patient or Public Contribution.
Transition readiness and anxiety among adolescents with a chronic condition and their parents: A cross‐sectional international study
Authors: Tornivuori Anna , Kallio Mira , Culnane Evelyn , Pasanen Miko , Salanterä Sanna , Sawyer Susan , Kosola Silja 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimsTo evaluate associations of age, transition readiness and anxiety in adolescents with chronic conditions and to compare perceptions of adolescents and their parents regarding health self‐management and transition readiness.DesignCross‐sectional international study, reported following STROBE guidelines.MethodsAdolescents and young adults (N = 512, mean age 17.7) with a chronic medical condition and their parents (N = 322) from Finland and Australia. Data were collected through surveys (between September 2017 and December 2020).Adolescents reported the duration of their condition. Age at survey was defined by the response date of the questionnaires. Validated questionnaires were used to measure transition readiness (Am I ON TRAC? for Adult Care) and anxiety related to transition of care (State–Trait Anxiety Inventory short form). Perceptions of health self‐management and transition readiness were compared in adolescent/parent dyads. Associations were explored using Spearman's correlation.ResultsDuration of condition and age at survey correlated weakly with transition readiness knowledge and behaviour. Higher transition readiness knowledge scores correlated with higher behaviour scores. Higher transition readiness behaviour scores were associated with lower levels of anxiety. Adolescents were less anxious than their parents and adolescents and parents mostly agreed about health self‐management and transition readiness.ConclusionTransition readiness should be determined by an assessment of knowledge, self‐management and psychosocial skills instead of age alone. Further research should address how well transition readiness predicts positive health outcomes after the transfer of care.Implications for Patient CareTransition readiness and self‐management skills should be formally assessed because positive feedback may decrease the anxiety of both adolescents and their parents regarding the transfer of care.Reporting MethodWe have adhered to the STROBE statement, using STROBE checklist for cross‐sectional studies.Patient or Public Involvement StatementNo patient or public involvement.Trial and Protocol RegistrationClinicalTrials.org NCT04631965.
The economic consequences of IPO sales growth management: Evidence from ChiNext‐listed companies in China
Authors: Hu Ning , Huang Wan , Liu Ying , Zhang Limin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBased on a sample of Chinese ChiNext (Growth Enterprise Market) firms during their initial public offerings (IPOs) from 2009 to 2019, this study explores whether these firms engage in sales growth management and examines its economic consequences. We provide evidence that ChiNext firms tend to manage their sales growth to influence issuance prices during IPOs. Further, the study identifies several indicators that suggest growth‐managing firms engage in more aggressive and riskier promotional strategies, such as longer turnover days of receivables, lower gross profit margins and higher allowance ratios for doubtful accounts. The study also finds that growth‐managing firms are more likely to have higher price‐to‐earnings ratios, offer prices, overfund ratios, first‐day closing prices and a higher percentage of positive posts, suggesting that these firms aim to inflate their growth to attract more funds from financial markets by influencing investors' expectations. Additionally, we find a negative relationship between sales management and post‐IPO stock returns, indicating that investors cannot effectively identify sales management by ChiNext IPO firms. Cross‐sectional analysis also shows that growth‐managing ChiNext IPO firms are likely to have depressed post‐IPO performance, whereas the market intermediary (brokers, auditors and asset appraisal institutions) with a good reputation helps to alleviate future performance reversals.
Venture capital and methods of payment in mergers and acquisitions
Authors: Nguyen Giang , Pham Hung 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe find evidence that venture capital (VC)‐backed targets receive more stock as the method of payment in mergers and acquisitions than non‐VC‐backed targets do, even after controlling for self‐selection bias, differences of characteristics between transactions of VC‐backed and non‐VC‐backed targets and VC information bridge‐building. VC‐backed targets prefer stock of acquirers that are small, young, risky or invest intensively. In addition, we document that the ratio of stock is larger when the targets are financed by reputable VCs, a syndicate of VCs or VCs with low fund maturity. Overall, our findings suggest that VCs strategically hold shares of the acquirers that meet their investment preferences.
Tree height, leaf thickness and seed size drive Caatinga plants' sensitivity to climate change
Authors: Carvalho Carlos E. , Sfair Júlia C. , Eller Cleiton B. , Menezes Bruno S. , Menezes Marcelo O. T. , Araújo Francisca S. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimThe Anthropocene climate crisis may shift the distribution range of various species. Global Climate Models predict an increase in temperature and changes in precipitation across the Brazilian tropical semiarid region. Based on the joint analysis of functional traits and plant distribution models, we aim to identify which functional traits define the vulnerability of plants to climate change.LocationCaatinga, Brazil.TaxonTrees‐shrub plants.MethodsWe selected 36 species common to at least 25% of the floristic and phytosociological surveys made in the Brazilian semiarid region. We modelled both the current and future spatial distribution of these species and investigated whether functional traits, such as plant height, leaf area, leaf thickness, specific leaf area, stem specific density, and seed size can explain the range shifts of these species.ResultsModels indicate that 58.4% of the species are expected to expand their distribution range in the future. These species tend to be shorter and produce large seeds and thin leaves, which confer higher hydraulic safety and resistance of seeds to prolonged droughts. Meanwhile, 41.6% of the species are expected to reduce their distribution ranges in the future. Most of these are characterized as tall individuals with thick leaves and small seeds.ConclusionSpecies with traits that confer resistance to drought are likely to increase distribution towards the coast and to areas where the Caatinga borders with other domains. Also, these species with low height, thin leaves and large seeds may expand their distribution to the slopes and plateaus. The retraction of taller plants and with thicker leaves may have profound implications for the structure and functioning of Brazilian semiarid ecosystems, given their role in ecosystem processes and carbon cycle. Retractions can result in a reduction in the number of local species, which will impact regional biodiversity.
ModularImageAnalysis (MIA): Assembly of modularised image and object analysis workflows in ImageJ
Authors: Cross Stephen J. , Fisher Jordan D. J. R. , Jepson Mark A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractModularImageAnalysis (MIA) is an ImageJ plugin providing a code‐free graphical environment in which complex automated analysis workflows can be constructed and distributed. The broad range of included modules cover all stages of a typical analysis workflow, from image loading through image processing, object detection, extraction of measurements, measurement‐based filtering, visualisation and data exporting. MIA provides out‐of‐the‐box compatibility with many advanced image processing plugins for ImageJ including Bio‐Formats, DeepImageJ, MorphoLibJ and TrackMate, allowing these tools and their outputs to be directly incorporated into analysis workflows. By default, modules support spatially calibrated 5D images, meaning measurements can be acquired in both pixel and calibrated units. A hierarchical object relationship model allows for both parent‐child (one‐to‐many) and partner (many‐to‐many) relationships to be established. These relationships underpin MIA's ability to track objects through time, represent complex spatial relationships (e.g. topological skeletons) and measure object distributions (e.g. count puncta per cell). MIA features dual graphical interfaces: the ‘editing view’ offers access to the full list of modules and parameters in the workflow, while the simplified ‘processing view’ can be configured to display only a focused subset of controls. All workflows are batch‐enabled by default, with image files within a specified folder being processed automatically and exported to a single spreadsheet. Beyond the included modules, functionality can be extended both internally, through integration with the ImageJ scripting interface, and externally, by developing third‐party Java modules that extend the core MIA framework. Here we describe the design and functionality of MIA in the context of a series of real‐world example analyses.