bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Review on Some Gymnospermous Fructifications from the Triassic of Nidpur, Madhya Pradesh, India
Authors: Parveen Shabnam 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The Nidpur bed was discovered near Nidpur village, Sidhi District, Madhya Pradesh, India. The carbonized fossils of Nidpur beds comprise plant remains assignable to different groups of the plant kingdom like algae, bryophytes, pteridophytes and gymnosperms. The gymnospermous remains often occur as detached fragments on the shale surface. The most common megafossil on Nidpur shale is the leaf genus Dicroidium which is represented by several species. The review article describes diversity in structurally preserved gymnospermous fructifications Nidistrobus, Nidianthus, Nidpuria, Chakrea, Rugatheca and Lelestrobus from the same Triassic beds of Nidpur, Madhya Pradesh, India. All the fructifications differed in morphological and anatomical features.
Analysis of Pectin in Different Citrus Fruits and Evolutionary Relationship
Authors: Upadhyay Upashna , Kaithal Poonam , Verma Preetam , Lall Rohit , Singh Poonam 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPectin is a polysaccharide present in fruit cell walls can be extracted from fruit wastes obtained after processing. The objective of the present investigation was to study the potential of citrus fruit peels to be a source of pectin as it is of great importance in food and medical industry. This study aimed at comparing the characteristics of different pectin and to see which one is more suitable for industrial application. Pectin was extracted using alcohol precipitation method from peels of grapefruit, mousambi, and orange so that the use of pectin can be applied to a wider range. According to the study, the pectin extracted by mousambi on wet basis (17.1%) was higher in comparison to the pectin extraction of orange and grapefruit. The pectin can be used in many fields like food and medicines so the improvement in quality and production is very important. MicroRNAs have the main function of guiding the base pairing with target mRNA to negatively regulate its expression for gene silencing via mRNA clevage. In the present study we also found the phylogenetic relationship among the citrus fruits by multiple sequence alignment of microRNAs stem-loop sequence from the miRbase database of the citrus fruits and after getting phylogenetic tree we got the common ancestors. In recent years, the center of production has moved to Europe and to citrus- producing countries like Mexico and Brazil. Further changes of structure and location of the industry continue, but are constrained by the need for large capital investment to setup Plant of economic size, and the need for a large-scale source or sources of raw material.
Challenges in Drug Delivery Through Intranasal Route: A CFD Perspective
Authors: Tiwari Anurag , Paul Akshoy Ranjan , Jain Anuj 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe paper discusses the various challenges encountered during drug delivery through intranasal routes. It also investigates how the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is effectively utilized by the researchers in mitigating these challenges and to develop a efficient intranasal drug delivery device.
Microbial Enzymes: A Summary Focusing on Biotechnology Prospective for Combating Industrial Pollutants
Authors: Sikdar Debosmita , Kanungo Ivy , Das Dipanwita 
Published: December 2022

AbstractEnvironmental issues are growing at an alarming rate and addressing the same is the need of the hour. Hazardous industrial pollutants and discharges are adding to the misery. Therefore, new ideas and technologies are being created and adopted to deal with ever increasing conservational troubles. Due to the burning issue of environmental pollution rising daily, a paradigm shift towards more sustainable and greener has to be pondered on. Microbial enzymes are such versatile, useful and beneficial weapons those can be exploited to combat the above-mentioned issues. In this aspect various works have been done and different sources of isolation of microbes and their fermentation process for procuring enzymes from them have been investigated in detail in those work. Pualsa Jagdish et al.’s work (2013) from Viva College, Virar, and Maharashtra entails that Lipase enzyme was procured from curd and waste oil was used as substrate. Lipase was produced by Lactobacillus sp. Whose lipolytic activity was calculated to be 0.082 U/mg. This enzyme if isolated under favorable conditions can be used to be applied for various industrial purposes in order to suppress the pollution rate and reduced the dependency on market-based chemicals and reagents those are highly dangerous and harmful. Work of Ashutosh Nema et al. (2019) [1], talks about the use of lipase enzyme as well as proteases are used as catalysts in biodiesel production as an effective and economical approach. According to Wu et al., large scale productions of protease have been achieved from Aspergillus species for their application in food and beverage industries. Alkaline proteases were reported to be produced under solid state fermentation processes by A. flavus and A. oryzae. Ikram-Ul-Haq and Mukhtar (2015) [2] stated that Penicillium sp. Alkaline proteases were generated under both solid state and submerged fermentation. The Mucor sp. of fungi can produce protease for milk clotting and can substitute rennin in the cheese making industry. Fungal enzymes are commonly used in industries over bacterial enzymes due to various technical reasons such as the feasibility of gaining enzymes at a high concentration in the fermentation medium and easier downstream processing. This way it can be encapsulated that microbial enzymes are savior in the field of pollution remediation and replacer of harsh and hazardous chemicals for carrying out various industrial applications.
UJI PENGARUH PANJANG PIPA KAPILER TERHADAP KERJA UNIT PEMBUAT ES SKALA KECIL MENGGUNAKAN OUTDOOR AC 2 PK
Authors: Ufie R. , Tupamahu Cendy S.E , Tohepaly M. Mas’ud 
Published: December 2022

Pabrik es umumnya dibangun untuk skala menengah hingga skala besar dengan produksi berkisar 7,5 – 152 ton/24 jam menggunakan unit regrigerasi siklus kompesi uap yang terdiri kompresor jenis open type dimana kompresor dan motor penggerak dirangkai secara terpisah dan dengan pemanfaatakan kondensor yang didinginkan dengan air (water cooled condenser) yang bekerja dengan didukung oleh unit pendinginan air berupa cooling tower. Pengembangan unit pembuat es skala kecil dengan memanfaatkan outdoor AC telah dilakukan oleh CV Mutiara Pessel untuk pembekuan es dalam kemasan plastik dan CV Samudera Pendingin untuk pembekuan es dalam cetakan. Walaupun upaya terobosan ini dapat dikatakan berhasil dengan memproduksi es dalam jangka waktu tertentu, tidak diperoleh informasi apakah unit pembuatan es yang dibuat telah didasarkan pada pengujian utuk mendapatkan kondisi operasi yang optimum. Dengan demikian secara akademis masih terdapat tantangan pengembangan untuk menghasilkan unit pembuatan es berdasarkan pendekatan optimasi terhadap kondisi dan variabel unit refrigerasi yang dibutuhkan. Pada mesin refrigerasi siklus kompresi uap (SKU), pipa kapiler merupakan alat yang berfungsi menurunkan tekanan refrigeran dari tekanan kondensasi ke tekanan evaporasi. Untuk itu, penelitian ini menggunakan 3 variasi panjang pipa kapiler yakni 0,75, 1,0, dan 1,25m. Modifikasi panjang pipa kapiler dimaksudkan agar dapat dicapai temperatur evaporasi yang lebih rendah dari temperatur brine yang direncanakan dan juga agar dapat dipertahankan temperatur kondensasi yang lebih tinggi dari temperatur lingkungan. Hasil perhitungan pengaruh ukuran pipa kapiler terhadap kerja unit pembuat es yaitu untuk panjang pipa kapiler 0,75 m Wk sebesar 43,320 kJ/kg, panjang pipa kapiler 1,0 m, Wk sebesar 49,880 kJ/kg dan untuk panjang pipa 1,25 m besarnya Wk 57, 530 kJ/kg. Terlihat bahwa semakin panjang pipa kapiler semakin meningkat nilai kerja unit pembuat es secara linier.
As fontes em estudos pombalinos: ocorrências em livros e publicações em periódicos
Authors: Silva Nayara Stefanie Mandarino , Santos Elaine Maria 
Published: December 2022

As pesquisas que abordam o período pombalino aparecem, na historiografia da educação no Brasil, em um baixo volume, além de serem marcadas por diversas representações, frequentemente dicotômicas. Nesse sentido, surge a necessidade de uma renovação nos estudos pombalinos. Esta pesquisa[1] busca contribuir com esse propósito, uma vez que objetiva fazer o levantamento das fontes utilizadas em livros e publicações em periódicos por autores brasileiros. Foram encontrados 245 textos, que tiveram suas referências analisadas e classificadas, com base nos conjuntos propostos por Alves (2005), em: obras clássicas, fontes documentais e historiografia, que foi subdividida em teses e dissertações, publicações em periódicos e livros, dicionários e biografias. A historiografia, especialmente livros, concentra o maior número de recorrências nos trabalhos analisados. Percebeu-se, ainda, que poucos autores estudam fontes documentais.
Palavras-chave: Colônia. Fontes históricas. Historiografia brasileira.

[1] Este texto apresenta resultados da pesquisa de iniciação científica “O Marquês de Pombal e a instrução pública”, realizada entre 2019 e 2020 na Universidade Federal de Sergipe.
Spinal radiographic progression is correlated with preclinical atherosclerosis in spondyloarthritis
Authors: Aicha Ben Tekaya , Ahmed Fendri , Seif Boukriba , Ines Mahmoud , Leila Rouached , Selma Bouden , Rawdha Tekaya , Olfa Saidane , Habiba Mizouni , Leila Abdelmoula 
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND: A higher prevalence of cardiovascular risk was observed in spondyloarthritis (SpA). The relationship between disease-related factors structural damage and subclinical atherosclerosis is still unknown. OBJECTIVE: The aim of our study was to evaluate the association of subclinical atherosclerosis with radiographic structural damage in patients with SpA. METHODS: Forty-seven SpA patients who fulfilled the ASAS criteria were enrolled in a case-control study conducted over 12 months and compared with 47 age and sex-matched healthy controls. None of the subjects had a previous history of cardiovascular diseases or cardiovascular risk factors. Demographic and disease characteristics were recorded. Structural lesions were evaluated using plain radiography, and two scoring tools were used to spine (BASRI and mSASSS). Subclinical atherosclerosis was assessed using ultrasound measurements of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT). RESULTS: The median age of patients was 36 years. The sex ratio was 2.35. The median BASRI total score was 3 (IQR 2–4), median mSASSS score was 10 (IQR 415). cIMT was significantly increased in SpA patients compared to controls (p< 0.0001), and FMD was significantly lower in patients than in healthy subjects (p= 0.008). cIMT was significantly associated with ankylosis of the facet joints (p= 0.035) and Romanus spondylitis (p= 005). FMD was negatively associated with vertebral squaring (p= 0049), bridging syndesmophytes (p= 0031) and mSASSS score (p= 0.047). CONCLUSION: Our result supports the association of radiographic structural damage and subclinical atherosclerosis assessed using cIMT and FMD. This finding highlights the importance of earlier treatment in order to prevent radiographic damage progression and atherosclerotic events.
On secure domination number of generalized Mycielskian of some graphs
Authors: Nayana P.G. , Iyer Radha Rajamani 
Published: December 2022

Generalized Mycielskians are triangle-free networks with a large chromatic number, having a number of desirable characteristics like fast multi-path communication, high fault tolerance, reliable resource sharing, etc. Graph invariants like domination number and secure domination number can be used to protect the network by monitoring each node or moving to a failing node. A dominating set of a graph G is a subset of its vertex set, which can monitor every other vertex of the graph, and γ (G), the domination number of G, is the least cardinality among all dominating sets of G. A secure dominating set S of G is a dominating set with an additional property that, for each vertex u not in S there is a vertex v in S adjacent to u such that, the swapped set (S - {v}) ∪ {u} is dominating. γs (G) is the secure domination number of G, which is the minimum cardinality among all secure dominating sets of G. In this paper, we analyzed γ and γs of the generalized Mycielskian (μm) for path graphs Pn and cycle graphs Cn, varying both n and m, and used these results to obtain bounds for general graphs G.
Feasibility of Tc-99 m sestamibi uptake quantification with few-projection emission tomography
Authors: García-Esparza A.M. , Garnica-Garza H.M. 
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND: Molecular breast imaging uses Tc-99 m sestamibi to obtain functional images of the breast. Determining the Tc-99 m sestamibi uptake in volumes of interest in the breast may be useful in assessing the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy or for the purposes of breast cancer risk assessment. PURPOSE: To determine, using Monte Carlo simulation, if emission tomography can be used to quantify the uptake of Tc-99 m sestamibi in molecular breast imaging and if so, to determine the accuracy as a function of the number of projections used in the reconstruction process. METHODS: In this study, two voxelized breast models are implemented with different ratios of fibroglandular to fatty tissue and tumoral masses of varying dimensions. Monte Carlo simulation is used to calculate sets of projections, which assumes that each tumoral mass contains a given Tc-99 m activity. Projections are also calculated for a calibration phantom in order to correlate the known activity with the image pixel value. For each case, the total number of calculated projections is 36 and the reconstruction is carried out for 36, 18, 9, 7 and 5 projections, respectively, using an open source image reconstruction toolbox. RESULTS: Study data show that determination of Tc-99 m sestamibi uptake with and average error of 7% can be carried out with as little as 7 projections. CONCLUSIONS: Molecular breast emission tomography enables to accurately determine the Tc-99 m sestamibi tumoral mass uptake with the number of projections very close to the number of images currently acquired in clinical practice.
Obstetric outcome of booked and unbooked deliveries at the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar, Nigeria
Authors: Ago Boniface , Ekanem Emmanuel 
Published: December 2022

Background: The final goal of antenatal care is safe delivery of a healthy baby to a healthy mother. Achieving livebirths with high Apgar scores is a desired expectation, as stillbirths constitute wastage of pregnancy and an index of poor obstetric care.

Objective: To determine the obstetric outcome in a cross-section of booked and unbooked parturients in our centre.

Methodology: Labour ward records of women who delivered in our facility within the months of August, September and October 2017 were analysed. Data included age, booking status, mode of delivery, fetal weight and Apgar scores. Primary data were inputted into EpiInfo version 7.2.3.1 for analysis while secondary data was analysed using select-statistics.co.uk calculator and GraphPad t-test calculator.

Results: There were 667 deliveries during the 3-month review. Six hundred (90.0%) were booked while 67 (10.0%) were unbooked maternities. Older women were more likely booked OR 1.13 (1.07, 1.19). Livebirths were 96.7% in booked parturients and 59.7% in the unbooked. Stillbirths, low Apgar scores, preterm births as well as PPH were significantly commoner in the unbooked parturients. There were two maternal deaths during the study period with a maternal mortality ratio of 300 per 100,000 livebirths.

Conclusion: The livebirth rates and five-minute Apgar scores of 7-10 were better in babies of booked parturients in contrast to unbooked parturients with a livebirth rate of 59.7% and 49.2% babies having Apgar scores of 7-10 in five minutes. Our results add to existing evidence advocating antenatal care and skilled delivery for pregnant women.
Supporting Refugee Students in Canada: Building on What We Have Learned in the Past 20 Years
Authors: Ratkovic Snezana , Kovacevic Dragna , Brewer Courtney A. , Ellis Claire , Ahmed Neelofar , Brady Janelle 
Published: December 2022

<p>In this report, the authors present the existing literature and policy on refugee students’ K-12 education, well-being, and resettlement in Canadian schools; synthesize the current knowledge in the field; identify gaps in the national literature and policy; and propose future research and policy development. Further research is required to not only understand refugee students’ psychological, social, and educational experiences in Canada, but also to harvest the strategies teachers, policy makers, refugee families, and communities utilize to ease the refugee student transition to Canadian schools. </p>
The Causes and Effects of High Commodity Prices in Uganda Giving Solutions on how to Overcome Them
Authors: Muhire Francis , Nakirijja Judith 
Published: December 2022

This study focused on assessing the causes and effects of high commodity prices in Uganda based on three main objectives that included; assessing the causes of high commodity prices in Uganda, examining the effects of high commodity prices in Uganda, and establishing solutions on how to overcome high commodity prices in Uganda and to establish solutions on how to overcome high commodity prices in Uganda. The study adopted a cross-sectional research design whereby a sample size of 248 respondents was selected from a population of 700 using a simple random sampling approach; 187 responded, indicating a response rate of 75.4%. A five-point Likert scale structured questionnaire was used to collect data. Data were tested for reliability, analyzed using SPSS v23, and results were presented based on the study objectives. Findings indicated that there are still causes of high commodity prices in Uganda, such as government subsidy fluctuations, labour cost fluctuations, the Global spread of COVID-19, the escalating geopolitical risk, and the systemic uncertainty in the commodity markets due to the Russian–Ukraine war in Ukraine, increased demand from the local consumers, increased demand from neighbouring countries, supply variability, globalization, and monetary inflation. The high commodity prices have some effects, such as demand weakness and supply disruptions, the proportion of commodities in the consumer price basket, deterioration in fiscal accounts, and improvement in the Current Account balances through better Terms of Trade. Hence it was recommended that subsidies granted and tariffs imposed by the government on commodities in Uganda should be grounded on facts about their impacts on price fluctuations and, eventually, their consequences on the profitability of the market. The government should reduce taxes to create instability in markets, improve supply chains of the main commodities, and government or third-party intervention in the market to manage commodity prices in Uganda.
Sobre historias contadas y no contadas: Naciones religiosas y construcción de memorias afroumbandistas en Argentina
Authors: Frigerio Alejandro 
Published: December 2022

En este trabajo brindo una visión polifónica y plural de la historia de las religiones de origen afrobrasileño en Argentina, mostrando que entraron al país tanto a través de Porto Alegre como de Montevideo. Rescato la memoria y los nombres de quienes abrieron los primeros templos locales y resalto la diversidad de las naciones religiosas batuqueras a las que pertenecían. Intento ayudar a la comprensión de cómo las versiones de estos primeros tiempos están condicionadas por la pertenencia, de quienes recuerdan, a determinadas naciones y linajes religiosos que ordenan la memoria histórica, señalando cuáles serían los ancestros relevantes para el relato. Me baso en los testimonios brindados por quince pais y mães de santo de acreditada antigüedad en la práctica religiosa en Argentina
Characterization of Fecal Microbiomes of Osteoporotic Patients in Korea
Authors: Ul-Haq Asad , Seo Hoonhee , Jo Sujin , Park Hyuna , Kim Sukyung , Lee Youngkyoung , Lee Saebim , Jeong Je Hoon , Song Ho‑Yeon 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
An imbalanced gut microbiome has been linked to a higher risk of many bone-related diseases. The objective of this study was to discover biomarkers of osteoporosis (OP). So, we collected 76 stool samples (60 human controls and 16 OP patients), extracted DNA, and performed 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) gene-based amplicon sequencing. Among the taxa with an average taxonomic composition greater than 1%, only the Lachnospira genus showed a significant difference between the two groups. The Linear Discriminant Effect Size analysis and qPCR experiments indicated the Lachnospira genus as a potential biomarker of OP. Moreover, a total of 11 metabolic pathways varied between the two groups. Our study concludes that the genus Lachnospira is potentially crucial for diagnosing and treating osteoporosis. The findings of this study might help researchers better understand OP from a microbiome perspective. This research might develop more effective diagnostic and treatment methods for OP in the future.
Implementasi Metode Simple Moving Average Dalam Memprediksi Volume Dan Harga/Kg Penjualan PT.Perkebunan Nusantara VI Kota Jambi
Authors: Azzura Indah , Yosrita Efy , Djunaidi Karina 
Published: December 2022

PT.Perkebunan Nusantara VI Kota Jambi menggunakan laporan Rencana Kerja dan Anggaran Perusahaan (RKAP) untuk melakukan prediksi. Dalam perhitungan prediksi di RKAP masih kurangnya keakuratan rancangan penjualan dengan realisasi yang terjadi. Selain itu mengalami kendala untuk memprediksi harga/kg yang mendekati harga pasar. Pada penelitian ini digunakan metode Simple Moving Average untuk memprediksi volume penjualan dan harga/kg perusahaan berdasarkan laporan penjualan perusahaan. Hasil evaluasi Mean Absolute Precentage Error (MAPE) prediksi volume penjualan minyak sawit dan inti sawit tahun 2020 memiliki nilai diantara 20 – 50% yang menunjukkan metode ini memiliki model peramalan yang layak. Sedangkan untuk evaluasi prediksi volume penjualan teh ekspor, teh lokal dan kopi arabica >50% dikarenakan terjadi penurunan penjualan diakibatkan dampak COVID-19 sehingga data acuan perhitungan prediksi tahun 2019 buruk untuk memprediksi volume penjualan teh ekspor, teh lokal dan kopi arabica tahun 2020. Hasil evaluasi MAPE prediksi harga/kg penjualan minyak sawit, inti sawit, teh ekspor, teh lokal dan kopi arabica tahun 2020 memiliki nilai diantara 10 – 20% yang menunjukkan metode ini memiliki model peramalan yang baik.