bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PEMANFAATAN ARANG SEKAM PADI DAN KULIT PISANG KEPOK SEBAGAI ADSORBEN UNTUK MENURUNKAN COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) DAN BOD (Biological Oxygen Demand) PADA AIR SUNGAI ENIM
Authors: Poniman Legiso 
Published: July 2023

Air sungai adalah sumber daya alam yang menjadi kebutuhan makhluk hidup namun hingga kini banyak terjadi pencemaran yang diakibatkan oleh kegiatan industri. Pencemaran air sungai terjadi karena pembuangan limbah industri yang dikelola tidak efektif. Tingginya konsentrasi COD dan BOD di sepanjang sungai Enim di Kecamatan Lawang Kidul, Kabupaten Muara Enim diakibatkan dari pembuangan air limbah cucian batubara yang bersifat asam yang masuk ke sungai yakni sub Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) Enim dan anak anak sungai. Maka diperlukan suatu cara yang dapat mengurangi pencemaran tersebut dengan menggunakan berbagai adsorben salah satunya dengan karbon aktif sekam padi dan kulit pisang kepok.Â Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana kualitas karbon aktif dari sekam padi dan kulit pisang kepok dengan variasi berat yang berbeda, mengetahui pengaruh keefektivitasan karbon aktif dari sekam padi dan kulit pisang kepok, mengetahui penurunan kadar COD dan BOD, setelah dilakukan adsorpsi dengan karbon aktif dari sekam padi maupun adsorpsi dengan karbon aktif dari kulit pisang kepok. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan persiapan bahan baku, karbonisasi, aktivasi, dan penyerapan kadar air sungai dengan karbonaktif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan karbon aktif sekam padi dengan konsentrasi H3PO4 15% dapat menurunkan kadar COD dari nilai awal 30mg/L menjadi 5,9mg/L, dan kadar BOD mengalami penurunan dari nilai awal 3,31mg/L menjadi 1,56mg/L. Â Kesimpulan yang didapat bahwa karbon aktif sekam padi lebih baik dari pada karbon aktif kulit pisang kepok untuk menurunkan konsentrasi COD dan BOD.
PROSPEK USAHA SAMPAH PLASTIK PADA RT 05 AIR SAKULA DESA LAHA KECAMATAN TELUK AMBON
Authors: Melmabessy Simson 
Published: July 2023

Letak Kota Ambon berada sebagian besar dalam wilayah pulau Ambon, dan secara geografis terletak pada posisi: 3 -4 Lintang Selatan dan 128 -129 Bujur Timur, dimana secara keseluruhan Kota Ambon berbatasan dengan Kabupaten Maluku Tengah. Sesuai Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 13 Tahun 1979 luas wilayah Kota Ambon seluruhnya 377 Km2 dan berdasarkan hasil Survey Tata Guna Tanah tahun 1980 luas daratan Kota Ambon tercatat 359,45 km2. Sesuai Perda Kota Ambon Nomor 2 Tahun 2006, Kota Ambon memiliki lima kecamatan dengan luas masing-masing: Kecamatan Nusaniwe 8.834,30 Ha, Kecamatan Sirimau 8.681,32 Ha, Kecamatan Teluk Ambon 9.368,00 Ha, Kecamatan Teluk Ambon Baguala 4.011,00 Ha dan Kecamatan Leitimur Selatan dengan luas 5.050 Ha.Adapun luas Kecamatan Teluk Ambon 9.368,00Ha yang berpotensi menghasilkan sampah yang sangat besar yang dihasilkan oleh idustri rumah tangga,kios/tempat usaha, pedagang, Bandara Pattimura dan Pertamina, ditambah dengan lasehan dan industry-industri lainnya. Hal ini akan menjadi peluang usaha bagi masyarakat yang berdomisili dekat dengan lokasi tersebut.Sampah seringkali dikaitkan dengan sesuatu yang kotor, kumuh dan sangat menjijikan. Namun siapa sangka jika sampah yang tak berguna tersebut dapat dimanfaatkan menjadi suatu benda yang bernilai tinggi. Sampah yang berada di lingkungan masyarakat mulanya akan dibuang ke tempat pembuangan sampah sementara atau yang biasa disebut TPS, kemudian akan diangkut kembali ke TPA (Tempat Pembuangan Akhir) untuk dikelola kembali oleh Dinas lingkungan hidup dan persampahan Kota Ambon. Namun tidak semua sampah dapat terangkut, dan inilah masalah yang sering terjadi pada sampah.Pengelolaan sampah yang dilakukan masyarakat umumnya hanya memberikan dampak negatif, yaitu dilakukan dengan membakar sehingga menyebabkan polusi udara, ditimbun menjadi polusi tanah, dan dibuang kesungai atau laut menyebabkan polusi air, sehingga pengolahan sampah harusnya dapat menggunakan cara yang berbeda.Pengelolaan sampah plastik dapat dijadikan berbagai produk yang mempunyai nilai ekonomi yang tinggi.
Уголовное преследование как вид, форма (естественное и логичное продолжение) прокурорского надзора или почему в иностранных государствах (Франция, Германия, США, Великобритания) в деятельности прокуратуры нет никакого разделения и противопоставления между уголовным преследованием и надзором
Authors: Imankulov T. 
Published: July 2023

On the basis of a comparative legal analysis of the essence of the concept of ‘criminal prosecution of a prosecutor’, it was concluded that in developed European democracies in the activities of the prosecutor’s office there is no separation and opposition between criminal prosecution and supervision. In itself, the implementation of criminal prosecution by the prosecutor is considered as an activity in the interests of society and citizens on behalf of the state and only in the context of the principle of impartiality, that is, the prosecutorial criminal prosecution itself is unthinkable without the requirement of strict compliance with the law. This approach seems to be theoretically and practically correct and justified.
На основе сравнительно-правового анализа сущности понятия «уголовное преследование прокурора» сделан вывод о том, что в развитых европейских демократиях в деятельности прокуратуры нет никакого разделения и противопоставления между уголовным преследованием и надзором. Само по себе осуществление прокурором уголовного преследования рассматривается как деятельность в интересах общества и граждан от имени государства и только в контексте принципа беспристрастности, то есть само прокурорское уголовное преследование немыслимо без требования неукоснительного соблюдения закона. Такой подход представляется теоретически и практически верным и обоснованным.
“All scenarios are wrong, but some are useful”—Toward a framework for assessing and using current climate risk scenarios within financial decisions
Authors: Baer Moritz , Gasparini Matteo , Lancaster Ryan , Ranger Nicola 
Published: July 2023

In response to a growing awareness of the potential impact of climate change on financial stability, academics, financial institutions (FIs), central banks and supervisors (CB&amp;S) have developed a suite of scenarios and analytical tools to assess forward-looking climate-related financial risks, inform macro-prudential policies, counterparty risk management and business planning decisions. Climate scenario analysis brings new challenges vs. traditional scenario analysis by FIs, particularly given the limitations, uncertainties, and trade-offs inherent in the data, models, and methods for such financial risk assessments. We argue that all scenarios are wrong, but this does not necessarily mean that they cannot be useful if used and expanded upon with full awareness of the limitations. In this paper, we analyze those limitations in the context of the specific requirements by FIs for scenario analysis and propose an approach to scenario construction and expansion to complement existing scenarios and increase their suitability for decision making for key financial use cases. Importantly, we argue that current scenarios are likely closer to the lower end of the range of plausible future risk for both physical and transition risk. This has implications for both stress testing and risk management, and business planning. We advocate for harnessing the full breadth of scenario narratives to avoid the accumulation of systemic risks and our framework provides an initial step toward this. Finally, we call for FIs, CB&amp;S, and research institutions to work closely together to develop a more comprehensive scenario taxonomy to help navigate the implications of material financial risk under uncertainty.JEL codesQ51, Q43, G21, G32.
Effect of digital tools in outpatient cardiac rehabilitation including home training—results of the EPICURE study
Authors: Hayn Dieter , Sareban Mahdi , Höfer Stefan , Wiesmüller Fabian , Mayr Karl , Mürzl Norbert , Porodko Michael , Puelacher Christoph , Moser Lisa-Marie , Philippi Marco , Traninger Heimo , Niebauer Josef 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionCardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide and are partly caused by modifiable risk factors. Cardiac rehabilitation addresses several of these modifiable risk factors, such as physical inactivity and reduced exercise capacity. However, despite its proven short-term merits, long-term adherence to healthy lifestyle changes is disappointing. With regards to exercise training, it has been shown that rehabilitation supplemented by a) home-based exercise training and b) supportive digital tools can improve adherence.MethodsIn our multi-center study (ClincalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04458727), we analyzed the effect of supportive digital tools like digital diaries and/or wearables such as smart watches, activity trackers, etc. on exercise capacity during cardiac rehabilitation. Patients after completion of phase III out-patient cardiac rehabilitation, which included a 3 to 6-months lasting home-training phase, were recruited in five cardiac rehabilitation centers in Austria. Retrospective rehabilitation data were analyzed, and additional data were generated via patient questionnaires.Results107 patients who did not use supportive tools and 50 patients using supportive tools were recruited. Already prior to phase III rehabilitation, patients with supportive tools showed higher exercise capacity (Pmax = 186 ± 53 W) as compared to patients without supportive tools (142 ± 41 W, p &lt; 0.001). Both groups improved their Pmax, significantly during phase III rehabilitation, and despite higher baseline Pmax of patients with supportive tools their Pmax improved significantly more (ΔPmax = 19 ± 18 W) than patients without supportive tools (ΔPmax = 9 ± 17 W, p &lt; 0.005). However, after adjusting for baseline differences, the difference in ΔPmax did no longer reach statistical significance.DiscussionTherefore, our data did not support the hypothesis that the additional use of digital tools like digital diaries and/or wearables during home training leads to further improvement in Pmax during and after phase III cardiac rehabilitation. Further studies with larger sample size, follow-up examinations and a randomized, controlled design are required to assess merits of digital interventions during cardiac rehabilitation.
Mechanisms of increasing predation by planktivorous fish with rising temperature may explain the temperature–body size relationships in zooplankton
Authors: Maszczyk Piotr , Wilczynski Wojciech , Gliwicz Z. Maciej , Leniowski Konrad , Zebrowski Marcin Lukasz , Lee Jae-Seong , Babkiewicz Ewa 
Published: July 2023

The temperature–size rule (TSR) has been consistently observed in numerous studies, showing that ectotherms reared at higher temperatures experience accelerated growth during the juvenile stage and ultimately reach smaller sizes and younger ages at maturity. One explanation for this response is that it occurs when the effect of temperature on mortality, including predation, outweighs its effect on food intake and metabolism. While several studies have found that the latter effect is close to the expected result based on the Q10 = 2 assumption, confirmation of this hypothesis requires evidence that the effect of temperature on mortality exceeds the Q10 = 2 threshold. To test this hypothesis, we conducted experiments with two fish species: rudd and Malabar danio. We examined the capture rate, which serves as a proxy for mortality, as well as the standard metabolic rate (SMR) and several parameters characterising the mobility of the fish and their planktonic prey (Daphnia) at different temperatures. The results strongly supported our hypothesis, as the capture rate increased significantly more than expected based on the Q10 = 2 assumption, especially for the danio. This substantial effect cannot be attributed solely to the thermal sensitivity of the SMR, as the Q10 for the SMR was only around 2. The most likely explanation seems to be a much more pronounced increase in the fish’s mobility and resulting reaction field volume compared to its planktonic prey at elevated temperatures. This increased mobility leads to an improved attack rate by the fish, which exceeds the prediction made by the Q10 = 2 assumption. This mechanism may explain not only the TSR pattern in zooplankton, but also their reduced mean body size and density at population and community levels at elevated temperatures, and may hypothetically be observed at other predator–prey interfaces.
Muscle transcriptome analysis provides new insights into the growth gap between fast- and slow-growing Sinocyclocheilus grahami
Authors: Yin Yanhui , Zhang Yuanwei , Hua Zexiang , Wu Anli , Pan Xiaofu , Yang Junxing , Wang Xiaoai 
Published: July 2023

Sinocyclocheilus grahami is an economically valuable and famous fish in Yunnan Province, China. However, given its slow growth (40 g/2 years) and large growth differences among individuals, its growth performance needs to be improved for sustainable future use, in which molecular breeding technology can play an important role. In the current study, we conducted muscle transcriptomic analysis to investigate the growth gaps among individuals and the mechanism underlying growth within 14 fast- and 14 slow-growth S. grahami. In total, 1,647 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained, including 947 up-regulated and 700 down-regulated DEGs in fast-growth group. Most DEGs were significantly enriched in ECM-receptor interaction, starch and sucrose metabolism, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, pyruvate metabolism, amino acids biosynthesis and metabolism, peroxisome, and PPAR signaling pathway. Some genes related to glycogen degradation, glucose transport, and glycolysis (e.g., adipoq, prkag1, slc2a1, agl, pygm, pgm1, pfkm, gapdh, aldoa, pgk1, pgam2, bpgm, and eno3) were up-regulated, while some genes related to fatty acid degradation and transport (e.g., acox1, acaa1, fabp1b.1, slc27a1, and slc27a2) and amino acid metabolism (e.g., agxt, shmt1, glula, and cth) were down-regulated in the fast-growth group. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis identified col1a1, col1a2, col5a1, col6a2, col10a1, col26a1, bglap, and krt15 as crucial genes for S. grahami growth. Several genes related to bone and muscle growth (e.g., bmp2, bmp3, tgfb1, tgfb2, gdf10, and myog) were also up-regulated in the fast-growth group. These results suggest that fast-growth fish may uptake adequate energy (e.g., glucose, fatty acid, and amino acids) from fodder, with excess energy substances used to synthesize collagen to accelerate bone and muscle growth after normal life activities are maintained. Moreover, energy uptake may be the root cause, while collagen synthesis may be the direct reason for the growth gap between fast- and slow-growth fish. Hence, improving food intake and collagen synthesis may be crucial for accelerating S. grahami growth, and further research is required to fully understand and confirm these associations.
Biological soil crusts on agricultural soils of mesic regions promote microbial cross-kingdom co-occurrences and nutrient retention
Authors: Kurth Julia Katharina , Albrecht Martin , Glaser Karin , Karsten Ulf , Vestergaard Gisle , Armbruster Martin , Kublik Susanne , Schmid Christoph A. O. , Schloter Michael , Schulz Stefanie 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionBiological soil crusts (biocrusts) are known as biological hotspots on undisturbed, nutrient-poor bare soil surfaces and until now, are mostly observed in (semi-) arid regions but are currently poorly understood in agricultural systems. This is a crucial knowledge gap because managed sites of mesic regions can quickly cover large areas. Thus, we addressed the questions (i) if biocrusts from agricultural sites of mesic regions also increase nutrients and microbial biomass as their (semi-) arid counterparts, and (ii) how microbial community assemblage in those biocrusts is influenced by disturbances like different fertilization and tillage regimes.MethodsWe compared phototrophic biomass, nutrient concentrations as well as the abundance, diversity and co-occurrence of Archaea, Bacteria, and Fungi in biocrusts and bare soils at a site with low agricultural soil quality.Results and DiscussionBiocrusts built up significant quantities of phototrophic and microbial biomass and stored more nutrients compared to bare soils independent of the fertilizer applied and the tillage management. Surprisingly, particularly low abundant Actinobacteria were highly connected in the networks of biocrusts. In contrast, Cyanobacteria were rarely connected, which indicates reduced importance within the microbial community of the biocrusts. However, in bare soil networks, Cyanobacteria were the most connected bacterial group and, hence, might play a role in early biocrust formation due to their ability to, e.g., fix nitrogen and thus induce hotspot-like properties. The microbial community composition differed and network complexity was reduced by conventional tillage. Mineral and organic fertilizers led to networks that are more complex with a higher percentage of positive correlations favoring microbe-microbe interactions. Our study demonstrates that biocrusts represent a microbial hotspot on soil surfaces under agricultural use, which may have important implications for sustainable management of such soils in the future.
Fever burden within 24 h after hematoma evacuation predicts early neurological deterioration in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Wu Fan , Xiong Yu , He Shi-ling , Wang Xiao-hua , Chen Xin-li , Chen Wei-can , Huang Qiao-mei , Huang Xin-yue , Pan Zhi-gang , Hu Wei-peng , He He-fan , Zheng Feng 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundEarly neurological deterioration after hematoma evacuation is closely associated with a poor prognosis in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage. However, the relationship between body temperature after hematoma evacuation and early neurological deterioration remains unclear. Therefore, this study aims to explore the possible relationship between body temperature and early neurological deterioration in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage after hematoma evacuation.MethodsWe retrospectively collected data from patients with cerebral hemorrhage at our institute between January 2017 and April 2022. The Student’s t-test, Mann–Whitney U-test, and χ2 Test and Fisher’s exact test were used to analyze the clinical baseline data. A univariate logistic regression model was used to evaluate the association between the body temperature indices and early neurological deterioration. The predictive power was assessed using the area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve. The secondary outcome was a poor functional outcome.ResultsAmong 2,726 patients with intracerebral hemorrhage, 308 who underwent hematoma evacuation were included in the present analysis. A total of 82 patients (22.6%) developed early neurological deterioration. Univariate analysis showed that sex (p = 0.041); body temperature at 6 h (p = 0.005), 12 h (p = 0.01), and 24 h (p = 0.008) after surgery; duration of fever (p = 0.008); and fever burden (p &lt; 0.001) were associated with early neurological deterioration. Multivariate logistic regression showed that fever burden was independently associated with early neurological deterioration (OR = 1.055 per °C × hour, 95%CI 1.008–1.103, p = 0.020). ROC showed that fever burden (AUC = 0.590; 95%CI: 0.514–0.666) could predict the occurrence of early neurological deterioration.ConclusionFever burden is associated with early neurological deterioration in intracerebral hemorrhage patients undergoing hematoma evacuation. Our findings add to previous evidence on the relationship between the fever burden and the occurrence of early neurological deterioration in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage. Future studies with larger sample sizes are required to confirm these findings.
Prediction of bone metastasis risk of early breast cancer based on nomogram of clinicopathological characteristics and hematological parameters
Authors: Tian Zhaokun , Li Chao , Wang Xinzhao , Sun Haiyin , Zhang Pengyu , Yu Zhiyong 
Published: July 2023

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to determine the independent risk factors for bone metastasis in breast cancer and to establish a nomogram to predict the risk of bone metastasis in early stages through clinicopathological characteristics and hematological parameters.MethodsWe selected 1042 patients with breast cancer from the database of Shandong Cancer Hospital for retrospective analysis, and determined independent risk factors for bone metastatic breast cancer (BMBC). A BMBC nomogram based on clinicopathological characteristics and hematological parameters was constructed using logistic regression analysis. The performance of the nomograph was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and calibration curves. The clinical effect of risk stratification was tested using Kaplan-Meier analysis.ResultsBMBC patients were found to be at risk for eight independent risk factors based on multivariate analysis: age at diagnosis, lymphovascular invasion, pathological stage, pathological node stage, molecular subtype, platelet count/lymphocyte count, platelet count * neutrophil count/lymphocyte count ratio, Systemic Immunological Inflammation Index, and radiotherapy. The prediction accuracy of the BMBC nomogram was good. In the training set, the area under the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.909, and in the validation set, it was 0.926, which proved that our model had good calibration. The risk stratification system can analyze the risk of relapse in individuals into high- and low-risk groups.ConclusionThe proposed nomogram may predict the possibility of breast cancer bone metastasis, which will help clinicians optimize metastatic breast cancer treatment strategies and monitoring plans to provide patients with better treatment.