bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ferroelectric Orthorhombic ZrO2 Thin Films Achieved Through Nanosecond Laser Annealing
Authors: Crema Anna P. S. , Istrate Marian C. , Silva Alexandre , Lenzi Veniero , Domingues Leonardo , Hill Megan O. , Teodorescu Valentin S. , Ghica Corneliu , Gomes Maria J. M. , Pereira Mario , Marques Luís , MacManus‐Driscoll Judith L. , Silva José P. B. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA new approach for the stabilization of the ferroelectric orthorhombic ZrO2 films is demonstrated through nanosecond laser annealing (NLA) of as‐deposited Si/SiOx/W(14 nm)/ZrO2(8 nm)/W(22 nm), grown by ion beam sputtering at low temperatures. The NLA process optimization is guided by COMSOL multiphysics simulations. The films annealed under the optimized conditions reveal the presence of the orthorhombic phase, as confirmed by X‐ray diffraction, electron backscatter diffraction, and transmission electron microscopy. Macroscopic polarization‐electric field hysteresis loops show ferroelectric behavior, with saturation polarization of 12.8 µC cm−2, remnant polarization of 12.7 µC cm−2 and coercive field of 1.2 MV cm−1. The films exhibit a wake‐up effect that is attributed to the migration of point defects, such as oxygen vacancies, and/or a transition from nonferroelectric (monoclinic and tetragonal phase) to the ferroelectric orthorhombic phase. The capacitors demonstrate a stable polarization with an endurance of 6.0 × 105 cycles, demonstrating the potential of the NLA process for the fabrication of ferroelectric memory devices with high polarization, low coercive field, and high cycling stability.
ABL1‐related congenital heart defects and skeletal malformations syndrome in a patient from Sub‐Saharan Africa: A case report highlighting novel cardiac features
Authors: Spencer Careni , Comitis George , Lawrenson John , Fieggen Karen 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCongenital heart defects and skeletal malformations syndrome (CHDSKM; OMIM #617602) is a rare syndrome characterized by distinctive facial features, congenital cardiac lesions, failure to thrive, and skeletal abnormalities. Hearing impairment, renal, and ophthalmological abnormalities have also recently been reported. We report here the clinical and molecular phenotype of an adolescent male who presented with multisystem involvement suggestive of a connective tissue disorder. The proband presented with the typical dysmorphic, skeletal, and skin findings of CHDSKM. In addition, he had several features not previously documented, including severe and rapidly progressive aortic root dilatation as well gastro‐intestinal reflux secondary to esophageal dysmotility with gastric strictures. Genetic testing revealed a recurrent variant in the ABL1 gene, c.1066G>A, p.Ala356Thr. These novel features contribute to the growing body of knowledge regarding this rare and recently described condition as well as lend strength to previous calls for close surveillance of the aortic root from a young age in CHDSKM.
Influence of coronavirus disease 2019 case surges on prehospital emergency medical service for patients with trauma in Kobe, Japan
Authors: Nishimura Takeshi , Suga Masafumi , Ishihara Satoshi , Nakayama Shinichi , Nakao Atsunori , Naito Hiromichi 
Published: March 2023

AimIn the current era of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic, the responsiveness of emergency medical service (EMS) transport for patients with internal illness is often delayed. However, the influence of the COVID‐19 pandemic on prehospital transport for patients with trauma has not yet been fully elucidated. This study aims to examine the effect of COVID‐19 case surges on EMS transport for patients with trauma during the COVID‐19 states of emergency in Kobe, Japan.MethodsEMS data during the states of emergency were compared with those in the 2019 prepandemic period. The incidence of difficulty securing hospital acceptance (four or more calls to medical institutions and ambulance staying at the scene for 30 min or more) was evaluated as a primary outcome. Secondary outcomes were the time spent at the trauma scene and the number of calls requesting hospital acceptance. The time spent at the trauma scene was stratified by trauma severity.ResultsThe incidence of difficulty securing hospital acceptance increased (1.2% versus 3.2%, P < 0.01). Logistic regression analysis revealed that the duration of the states of emergency was associated with difficulty securing hospital acceptance (odds ratio [OR] 2.08, 95% confidence interval 1.77–2.45; P < 0.01). Although the mean time spent at the trauma scene among the less severe, moderately severe, and severe trauma groups was prolonged, the time for the life‐threatening group did not change. The number of request calls increased during the states of emergency.ConclusionDifficulty securing hospital acceptance increased; however, the time spent at the trauma scene did not significantly change for the life‐threatening group.
Study of the interlayer bonding strength for combined 3D printing and milling of polyetheretherketone
Authors: Zhou Hao , Cheng Xiang , Jiang Xiuli , Zheng Guangming , Zhang Junfeng , Li Yang , Tang Mingze 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPolyetheretherketone (PEEK) has good mechanical properties and biocompatibility for a wide range of biomedical applications. The combined 3D printing and milling process (CPMP) is a typical additive/subtractive hybrid manufacturing technique, which facilitates the rapid response for customized PEEK implants. This paper investigates the CPMP process combining fused deposition modeling printing and dry milling for PEEK materials. The results show that the bending and shearing effects of the milling cutter on the 3D‐printed part cause the machined surface to be extremely susceptible to delamination. Poor Z‐direction interlayer bonding strength at the 3D printing stage is the main cause of delamination. Therefore, the effects of 3D printing parameters (nozzle temperature, layer thickness, and bed temperature) on Z‐direction interlayer bonding strength are studied using an orthogonal experiment design method. The applicability of three 3D printing infill patterns (grid, rectilinear, and gyroid) in CPMP is compared. The results of the research show that the storage modulus is a more accurate reflection of the interlayer bonding strength in the Z‐direction than the shear strength. With a combination of parameters of a nozzle temperature of 450°C, a layer thickness of 0.1 mm, a bed temperature of 260°C and a rectilinear infill pattern, the 3D‐printed parts have significantly stronger interlayer bonding strength. Consequently, there exists almost no delamination on the milled surface.
Evaluation of tensile, thermal, and biological properties of natural rubber‐based biocomposite with biosilicate and 45S5‐K bioglass
Authors: Lima Luiz R. M. , Caetano Guilherme F. , Soares Viviane O. , Santos Renivaldo J. , Malmonge José A. , Silva Michael J. , Yarin Alexander L. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe objective of this work was to develop new NR‐based biocomposite containing BioS and/or BL0 particles, which exhibit better tensile response, biocompatibility, and bioactivity for biomedical applications. Morphological, tensile, thermal, and biological tests were performed on the biocomposites to evaluate the influence of BioS and BL0 particles on the properties of the NR matrix. According to TG/DTG tests, the decomposition profiles of the NR/BioS and NR/BL0 biocomposites were similar to those of NR, whose main event could be seen in the 290–450°C temperature range, indicative of NR's structural degradation. Tensile analysis demonstrated that the addition of BioS or BL0 to the NR‐based biocomposite improved the elastic modulus and the tensile strength at break (σat break) in comparison to NR. The σat break value of the NR matrix increased from 0.99 ± 0.06 MPa to 1.84 ± 0.09 and 2.29 ± 0.04 MPa for the NR/BioS and NR/BL0 specimens with 30 wt%. Indirect cytotoxicity testing revealed that NR, NR/BL0, and NR/BioS biocomposite specimens promote the attachment of MSCs cell, that is, greater than 70% viability as defined in ISO 10993‐5:2009. The results indicate that BioS and BL0 particles have improved the tensile response and biological properties of the NR matrix, resulting in a range of potential biomedical applications.
Slow‐release of surfactant from a hybrid polymeric hydrogel at high temperature
Authors: Yang Jiang , Zhao Xiaolong , Li Yingcheng , He Xiujuan , Chen Yu , Ma Cheng 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSurfactants are widely used in enhanced oil and gas recovery. Surfactants are usually injected into wells and reservoirs that are released in full upon the addition, and effectiveness lasts very short. Slow‐release surfactant is preferred to be effective at an extended period. In this study, surfactant was encapsulated into the crosslinked hybrid hydrogel of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and poly acrylamide‐2‐methyl propane sulfonic acid (PAMPS). The encapsulated surfactant was slow‐released at high temperatures. Free radical polymerization was used to polymerize acrylamide‐2‐methyl propane sulfonic acid and crosslink PVA in the presence of surfactant. The hybrid hydrogel complex was characterized by an infrared spectrum, electronic scanning microscope, and thermogravimetric analysis. The release profile of surfactant was studied in synthetic brine at 130°C. The results indicate that hybrid hydrogel encapsulated surfactant is stable and releases surfactant at high temperatures for more than 7 days. The diffusion of surfactant from hydrogel follows the zero‐order kinetic model.
Aufbau, Bemessung und Planung der TWIST‐Carbonbetonschalen
Authors: Zavadski Vitali , Frenzel Michael 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDas Carbonbetonhaus CUBE wurde ausschließlich mit nichtmetallischer Bewehrung, vor allem aus Carbonfasern gebaut, um deren Potenzial zur Realisierung von schlanken, betonminimierten Bauten zu zeigen. Dieser Aufsatz stellt den Aufbau der markanten, geschwungenen TWIST‐Carbonbetonschalen, die sich von der Vertikalen in die Horizontale drehen, den Lastabtrag am Gebäude und die Grundlagen für die Querschnittsbemessung der Betonelemente und Stahlbauteile der Unterstützungskonstruktion vor. Zudem wird das Vorgehen der Tragwerksplaner bei der Ausführungsplanung einschließlich der eingesetzten Softwareprodukte aufgezeigt.Hinweis: Im Beitrag wird meist auf ausführliche Quellenangaben und Informationen zu den verwendeten Materialien verzichtet. Diese sind im Beitrag [1] zu finden.
Calculating the excited state reactivity of a manganese(IV)‐oxo species with a negatively charged ligand
Authors: Ng Maggie , Cho Kyung‐Bin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIt was previously found that MnIVO species with neutral ligands perform C‐H activation reactions through an “excited state reactivity” (ESR), where a valence electron in the MnIVO moiety is spontaneously excited to a higher orbital to create a more potent reactant. We extend this to a MnIVO compound with a negatively charged ligand ([MnIV(O)(DPAQ)]+), which we investigate with density functional theory. It is found that ESR are indeed preferable even in this case, and that the ligand charge may only have an indirect effect on ESR. Instead, ligand rigidity is proposed to affect the ESR rate more directly. In addition, an example of a new β‐electron transfer pathway was found, where three key orbitals mix to deliver the incoming electron to its final orbital position. This study supports the notion that ESR may be more common in C–H activation reactions of MnIVO compounds than what is so far known.
Lymphovascular or perineural invasion is associated with lymph node metastasis and survival outcomes in patients with gastric cancer
Authors: Zhang Fengxiang , Chen Huaxian , Luo Dandong , Xiong Zhizhong , Li Xianzhe , Yin Shi , Jin Longyang , Chen Shi , Peng Junsheng , Lian Lei 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundLymphovascular invasion (LVI) and perineural invasion (PNI) are associated with poorer prognosis in several human malignancies, but their significance in gastric cancer (GC) remains to be clearly defined. Our study aimed to investigate the prognostic value of LVI/PNI in patients with curative resected GC.MethodsRecords of 1488 patients with stage I‐–III GC and 3327 patients with stage I–III colorectal cancer (CRC) were reviewed retrospectively, and difference in the incidence of LVI/PNI between GC and CRC was compared. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to evaluate whether LVI/PNI was an independent risk factor for lymph node metastasis (LNM) and overall survival (OS) in GC.ResultsPatients with stage I–III GC had a significantly higher incidence of LVI/PNI than patients with stage I–III CRC (50.54% vs. 21.91%, p  < 0.001). LVI/PNI was significantly associated with higher CEA, higher CA199, deeper tumor invasion, more lymph node metastasis, and advanced TNM stage in GC ( p  < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified LVI/PNI (OR = 2.64, 95%CI: 2.05–3.40, p  < 0.001) as an independent risk factor for LNM in GC. The OS rate was significantly lower in the LVI/PNI‐positive GC group than that in the LVI/PNI‐negative GC group ( p  < 0.001). On multivariate Cox regression analysis, LVI/PNI (HR = 1.34, 95%CI: 1.04–1.71, p = 0.023) was an independent prognostic factor for OS in GC.ConclusionGC has a high incidence of LVI/PNI, which was closely associated with disease progression. LVI/PNI could serve as an independent risk factor for LNM and the prognosis of patients with curative resected GC. These findings will be helpful in predicting survival outcomes more accurately and establishing individualized treatment plans.
Prognostic value of esophageal cancer immune prognostic index in advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients with anti‐programmed cell death‐1 therapy
Authors: Lu Jiangyue , Du Lehui , Lei Xiao , Zhang Zhibo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to determine whether the immune prognostic index (ECIPI), based on hemoglobin (Hb) and neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR), could predict the prognosis in patients with advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) receiving programmed cell death‐1 (PD‐1) inhibitor treatment.MethodsAdvanced ESCC patients who had been treated with PD‐1 inhibitors from Jan 2016 to Oct 2021 were included. Kaplan–Meier method and Cox proportional hazards regression were used to analyze progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). The overall response rate (ORR) was the percentage of complete and partial responses. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used for estimating hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Patients were grouped by ECIPI (good: Hb > 105 g/L and NLR ≤ 4.3; intermediate: Hb ≤ 105 g/L and NLR ≤ 4.3, or Hb > 105 g/L and NLR < 4.3; poor: Hb ≤ 105 g/L and NLR > 4.3). Variables for the multivariate model were selected if the p‐value was below 0.05 in the univariate analysis. All statistical comparisons were two‐way, and a p‐value below 0.05 was set as statistical significance.ResultsTotally, of 123 ESCC patients with stage III or IV were included in the study. Efficacy evaluation showed that patients with pretreatment ECIPI good had the best ORR compared with those with ECIPI intermediate and ECIPI poor (53% vs. 22% vs. 8%, p < 0.01). Multivariate analysis showed that ECIPI was an independent influential factor for PFS (p = 0.004) and OS (p < 0.001). Kaplan–Meier curves demonstrated that patients with ECIPI good had the longest PFS (median: 11.6 vs. 3.5 vs. 1.7 months, p < 0.0001) and OS (median: 23.6 vs. 16.7 vs. 4.0 months, p < 0.0001) compared with those with ECIPI intermediate and ECIPI poor. Subgroup analysis indicated that ECIPI good was associated with improved PFS and OS in patients with ECOG 0–1, PD‐1 inhibitor plus chemotherapy, first‐line treatment, and smoke (all p < 0.05).ConclusionsPretreatment ECIPI was associated with the prognosis in advanced ESCC patients with anti‐PD‐1 therapy, suggesting that ECIPI may be a useful tool to identify patients likely sensitive to PD‐1 inhibitors.
Postponing colonoscopy for 6 months in high‐risk population increases colorectal cancer detection in China
Authors: Zhang Mingqing , Zhang Yongdan , Zhang Wen , Zhao Lizhong , Jing Haoren , Wu Xiaojing , Guo Lu , Zhang Haixiang , Zhang Yong , Zhu Siwei , Zhang Shiwu , Zhang Xipeng 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsColonoscopy is an important colorectal cancer (CRC) screening modality; however, not all high‐risk groups identified by fecal immunochemical test (FIT) and/or high‐risk factor questionnaire (HRFQ) undergo colonoscopy in time. The impact of delays in colonoscopy on CRC detection among high‐risk populations remains poorly understood, warranting further clarification.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted among CRC high‐risk population identified by Tianjin CRC screening program. According to the colonoscopy results after HRFQ and FIT, patients were classified into CRC, advanced adenoma, non‐advanced adenoma, and normal groups. The time interval between CRC screening and colonoscopy was investigated and its relationship with colonoscopy results. Logistic regression was performed to explore the risk factors of CRC detection.ResultsAmong the high‐risk population without a history of CRC or polyps, 49,810 underwent HRFQ, FIT, and colonoscopy, and a time interval of fewer than 6 months was found for 79.56% of patients (n = 39,630). People with positive FIT were more likely to undergo colonoscopy within 6 months, and detection rates of CRC and/or advanced adenoma were positively related to time intervals. Similar results were found in people with a negative FIT but positive HRFQ. A time interval longer than 6 months was a significant predictor of CRC detection in high‐risk populations.ConclusionFor high‐risk people identified by CRC screening, especially those with a positive FIT, a time interval of 6 months was associated with an increased probability of CRC detection. Our findings emphasize that populations at high risk should undergo colonoscopy at least within 6 months.
Ti–N–C Bonded Close‐Coupled TiO2/g‐C3N4 for Rapid Degradation of Cationic Dyes from a Multi‐Dye System by Persulfate Activation
Authors: Shalini Viswanathan , Dhanashyam Muraleedharan , Dipinkrishna Meleppurakkal , Vanisree Geetha Sivan , Vishnu Viswam Abhiram , Sooraj Pazhayikalarikkal Santhosh , Aparna Kallingal 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA novel Z‐Scheme photocatalyst (TCN) was prepared with TiO2 and graphitic carbon nitride (GCN) and utilized to study the degradation efficiency of a binary dye mixture consisting of 5 ppm Rhodamine B (RhB) and 5 ppm Crystal Violet (CV) solutions by persulfate activation. Derivative spectrometric analysis was adopted to find the degradation efficiencies of the individual dyes in the mixture. The results indicate that in the presence of persulfate ions 0.6 TCN gives 100 % degradation in 60 min and 30 min for Rh B and CV, respectively. Hydroxyl radicals, superoxide radicals, and sulfate radicals were found to be the active species involved in photocatalytic degradation. From the results of radical scavenging experiments and band potentials of the semiconductors, a plausible mechanism of photocatalytic degradation of the model pollutants is proposed.
Enantioselective voltammetric sensor based on mesoporous graphitized carbon black Carbopack X and fulvene derivative
Authors: Yarkaeva Yulia , Nazyrov Marat , Abdullin Yaroslav , Kovyazin Pavel , Maistrenko Valery 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFor medicine and pharmaceuticals, the problem of determining and recognizing the enantiomers of biologically active compounds is an actual issue because the enantiomers of the same substance can have different effects on living organisms. This paper describes the development of an enantioselective voltammetric sensor (EVS) based on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with mesoporous graphitized carbon black Carbopack X (CpX) and a fulvene derivative (1S,4R)‐2‐cyclopenta‐2,4‐dien‐1‐ylidene‐1‐isopropyl‐4‐methylcyclohexane (CpIPMC) for recognition and determination of tryptophan (Trp) enantiomers. Synthesized CpIPMC was characterized by 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), chromatography–mass spectrometry, and polarimetry. The proposed sensor platform was studied by Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Using the square‐wave voltammetry (SWV), it was established that the developed sensor is an effective chiral platform for the quantitative determination of Trp enantiomers, including in a mixture and in biological fluids like urine and blood plasma, with adequate precision and recovery ranged from 96% to 101%.
The impact of immunosuppressive agents on immune checkpoint inhibitor efficacy in patients with advanced melanoma: A real‐world, multicenter, retrospective study
Authors: Lev‐Ari Shaked , Serzan Michael , Wu Tianmin , Ip Andrew , Pascual Lauren , Sinclaire Brittany , Adams Shari , Marafelias Michael , Ayyagari Lakshmi , Gill Sarvarinder K. , Ma Barbara , Zaemes Jacob P. , Della Pia Alexandra , Alaoui Adil , Madhavan Subha , Belouali Anas , Pecora Andrew , Ahn Jaeil , Atkins Michael B. , Shah Neil J. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundImmune‐related adverse events (irAEs) associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are often managed via immunosuppressive agents (ISAs); however, their impact on ICI efficacy is not well studied. The impact of the use of ISAs on ICI efficacy in patients with advanced melanoma was therefore investigated.MethodsThis is a real‐world, multicenter, retrospective cohort study of patients with advanced melanoma who received ICIs (n = 370). Overall survival (OS) and time to treatment failure (TTF) from the time of ICI initiation were compared among patients in subgroups of interest by unadjusted and 12‐week landmark sensitivity‐adjusted analyses. The association of irAEs and their management with OS and TTF were evaluated using univariate and multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models.ResultsOverall, irAEs of any grade and of grade ≥3 occurred in 57% and 23% of patients, respectively. Thirty‐seven percent of patients received steroids, and 3% received other ISAs. Median OS was longest among patients receiving both (not reached [NR]), shorter among those receiving only systemic steroids (SSs) (84.2 months; 95% CI, 40.2 months to NR), and shortest among those who did not experience irAEs (10.3 months; 95% CI, 6–20.1 months) (p < .001). Longer OS was significantly associated with the occurrence of irAEs and the use of SSs with or without ISAs upon multivariable‐adjusted analysis (p < .001). Similar results were noted with anti–programmed death 1 (PD‐1) monotherapy and combination anti–PD‐1 plus anti–cytotoxic T‐lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA‐4) therapy, and with 12‐week landmark sensitivity analysis (p = .01).ConclusionsThese findings in patients with melanoma who were treated with ICIs suggest that the use of SSs or ISAs for the management of irAEs is not associated with inferior disease outcomes, which supports the use of these agents when necessary.