bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic utility of Galactomannan Enzyme Immunoassay in Invasive Aspergillosis in Pediatric patients with Hematological Malignancy
Authors: Das Sutapa , Capoor Malini R. , Singh Amitabh , Agarwal Yatish 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Objective: This study aims to determine the diagnostic utility of GM EIA in IA in terms of sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value (NPV) and positive predictive values (PPV) at various cut offs while validating the revised EORTC/MSG 2019 criteria.
Material and methods: For 100 pediatric patients, serum and respiratory samples were collected. Clinical, mycological workup (potassium-hydroxide mount, fungal culture) and GM EIA was done to classify proven, probable, and possible IA as per EORTC-MSG guidelines,2019. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV were calculated of GM indices at cut-off 0.5, 0.7 and 1, and validated with revised EORTC -MSG, 2019.
Results: Of 100 patients enrolled, 75 were diagnosed with ALL, 14 with AML, two with Hodgkin's, three had non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and six had undifferentiated leukemia. With routine mycological findings, 51 were classified as probable IA, 11 as possible IA, and 38 as no IA. Aspergillus flavus was the most prevalent on culture (56.9%, 29/51) followed by A. fumigatus (29%, 15/51) A. niger (7.8%, 4/51), A. terreus (3.9%, 2/51) and A. nidulans (2%, 1/51). GM EIA demonstrated sensitivity 82.3%, specificity 97.4%, PPV 98.1%, and NPV 77.1% at cut-off 0.67 when comparing probable/possible IA v/s no IA groups. The GM EIA had the best sensitivity (82.4%), specificity (81.8%), PPV (95.5%), and NPV (50%) at cut off 0.78 when the probable IA group was compared to the possible IA. Seven patients succumbed of whom 5 had GMI ≥2.
Conclusion: This study deduces the optimal cut off for serum GM EIA to be 0.725 and reinforces the definition of probable category of EORTC-MSG criteria, 2019. GM EIA when performed adjunctive to clinico-radiological findings can prove to be screening, diagnostic and prognostic test for IA in paediatric hematological malignancy patients.
Modeling Daily Travel Choices in an Activity- based Framework considering Spatiotemporal Constraints
Authors: Cho Shin-Hyung , Park Shin Hyoung 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Activity-based models (ACBMs) are developed to estimate individual travel patterns and improve the accuracy of forecasting aggregated travel demand. Two essential elements of ACBM are the decision to travel, often known as mobility, and the travel choice purpose of the journey. This study aims to develop sequential models of daily mobility and trip purpose choice using an activity-based framework that incorporates some useful features of the activity-based perspective. Random utility maximization (RUM)-based mobility and trip purpose choice models explain key elements of individuals’ daily activity patterns, incorporating spatiotemporal and socio-demographic characteristics. Based on the national household travel survey data collected in South Korea in 2016, these two models were estimated to represent 70% of the full sample, and applied to the remaining 30%. The mobility model reveals that licensed drivers and high-income travelers are more likely to travel, whereas the elderly and homemakers are less likely to do so. The previously selected trip purpose as well as the total number of trips for each purpose during the departure time of the trip influence the choice of the current trip. Demand forecasting and the policy implications of the empirical results are discussed.
What is the awareness of rare diseases among medical students? A survey in Bulgaria
Authors: Hristova-Atanasova Eleonora Hristova , Iskrov Georgi , Atanasov Ivan , Genc Atilla , Stefanov Rumen 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: Rare diseases (RD) are life-threatening or chronically debilitating and offer a high level of complexity. The aim of this study is to assess medical students’ knowledge and awareness of RD as well as their perceptions of potential measures to boost training in RD.
The cross-sectional survey was conducted at the Medical University of Plovdiv, Bulgaria, in 2019. The questionnaire contained 12 questions, divided into three main categories: (1) sociodemographic profile; (2) knowledge and awareness of RD; and (3) attitudes about potential measures to improve training in RD.
Results: A total of 1189 students completed the survey with an overall response rate of 56.4%. Only 13% of participants knew the correct definition of RD, and a low overall level of awareness was found with regard to orphan drugs (20.3%) and genetic counselling and testing (0.5%). Respondents believed that society as a whole was largely unaware of RD as a major public health issue. Students suggested elective courses, and invited lectures by RD experts, and participation in research projects as the most preferred measures to improve undergraduate training.
Conclusions: It is crucial to address the gaps in medical students' knowledge and awareness of RD. University curricula should consider incorporating different RD training modalities. It is essential to encourage various stakeholders to play a more proactive role and to collaborate in these activities. Involvement of patient organisations and advocacy groups might enhance students' knowledge of the challenges faced by people with RD. Not last, the media should be partners in this important endeavour as well.
Late-onset hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and red blood cell distribution width during late pregnancy among Japanese primipara: A nested case-control study
Authors: Sugeno Misa , Kyozuka Hyo , Jin Toki , Ito Fumihiro , Suzuki Daisuke , Nomura Yasuhisa , Murata Tsuyoshi , Hiraiwa Tsuyoshi , Fukuda Toma , Yasuda Shun , Yamaguchi Akiko , Fujimori Keiya 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to compare the red blood cell distribution width (RDW) between patients with late-onset hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) and healthy pregnant Japanese primiparas.
Methods
This nested case-control study was conducted at Ohta Nishinouchi Hospital in Fukushima, Japan, from 2014 to 2020. We included 110 patients with late-onset HDP and 110 propensity score-matched control participants with healthy pregnancies. Late-onset HDP was further categorized into gestational hypertension (n = 43) and preeclampsia (n = 67). The RDW was compared between the control and HDP groups during the first and third trimesters. Generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs) were used to examine changes in RDW during the two phases in the control and HDP groups.
Results
In the comparison between the control and HDP groups, no significant difference was noted in the median RDW during the first trimester (p = 0.569) or median RDW during the third trimester (p = 0.570). Comparing the gestational hypertension and preeclampsia groups, there was no significant difference in the RDW at the first (p = 0.179) and third trimesters (p = 0.828). The GLMMs showed significant phase changes in the RDW in both the control (p < 0.05) and HPD (p < 0.05) groups.
Conclusions
Although the RDW increased as the pregnancy progressed in the late-onset HDP group, the same changes were observed in the control group. RDW changes common to all groups may reflect maternal inflammatory responses that occur during pregnancy.
Effect of O-arm on reduction quality and functional recovery of acetabular dome impaction fractures: a retrospective clinical study
Authors: Deng Hongli , Cong Yuxuan , Lei Jinlai , Li Dongyang , Ke Chao , Fan Zhiqiang , Wang Hu , Wang Pengfei , Zhuang Yan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Acetabular dome impaction fractures (ADIF) are difficult to reduce and have a high failure rate. the consistency between the acetabulum and femoral head is usually assessed under intraoperative X-ray fluoroscopy to evaluate the quality of fracture reduction.This study examines the effects of intraoperative mobile 2D/3DX imaging system (O-arm) on the reduction quality and functional recovery of Acetabular dome impaction fractures.
Methods
A retrospective analysis of the data of 48 patients with ADIF treated in Honghui Hospital from October 2018 to October 2021 was conducted.The patients were divided into the X-ray group and O-arm group. Residual step-off and gap displacements in the acetabular dome region were measured and the quality of fracture reduction was evaluated. Hip function was also evaluated according to the modified Merle d'Aubigné and Postel scoring system.
Results
There was no significant difference in preoperative general data between the two groups (P > 0.05).The residual average step displacement in the acetabular dome region was 3.48 ± 2.43mm and 1.61 ± 1.16mm(P < 0.05), and the gap displacement was 6.72 ± 3.69mm and 3.83 ± 1.67mm(P < 0.05) in the X-ray group and the O-arm group. In the X-ray group, according to the fracture reduction criteria described by Verbeek and Moed et al., 1 case was excellent, 13 cases were good, 11 cases were poor, and the rate of excellent and good was 56%; In the O-arm group, 7 cases were excellent, 12 cases were good, and 4 cases were poor, and the rate of excellent and good was 82.6% (P < 0.05). 46 patients gained follow-up, fracture healing, X-ray group at the last follow-up according to the modified Merled 'Aubigne&Postel function score: 3 cases were excellent,12 cases were good, 6 cases were middle, 3 cases were poor, the excellent and good rate of 62.5%, O-arm group: 15 cases were excellent,4 cases were good, 2 cases were middle, 1 cases were poor, the excellent and good rate was 86.4% (P < 0.05).
Conclusions
Application of O-arm in ADIF can have a positive impact on the improvement of fracture reduction quality and functional recovery.
Development and testing of physical activity literacy scales for elementary school students
Authors: li mengyu , gu hanxin , zan ziqing , liu lizhu , zhang yu , zhang siqi , lu liu , you lili 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: At this stage, Chinese research on physical activity literacy is still in its infancy, and the domestic primary school students' physical activity literacy assessment questionnaire is also in a state of development. In this study, a set of questionnaire scales for measuring the physical activity literacy of primary school students was compiled according to the characteristics of primary school students in different school stages, and the population measurement was carried out by using this scale, and then the accuracy of the scale and the fit according to the Rasch model were judged.
Methods: We compiled a set of scales for measuring the physical activity literacy of primary school students, and directly distributed the questionnaires to primary school students in four regions of Hebei Province, Sichuan Province, Shenzhen City and Qinghai Province for actual measurement. We also used Rasch analysis to study the single-dimensionality, reliability, resolution and fitting degree of the questionnaire to judge the accuracy of the scale, aiming to provide a strong reference for the subsequent revision and wide application of the questionnaire.
Results: The item reliability coefficient of all questionnaires was 1, and the item separation degree was 16.08, 16.71 and 18.18, respectively, all of which were greater than 3, indicating that the internal consistency of the questionnaire was better and the students with different ability levels could be better distinguished. The one-dimensional hypothesis of the three questionnaires holds. The project-person figure shows that the difficulty of the questionnaire items can be well matched with the subject's ability level. The average values of Infit MNSQ and Outfit MNSQ in the questionnaire were between 0.5-1.5, and the overall fit was good, and the data were in good agreement with the ideal model. In the fitting statistics of a single entry, it was found that the three grade levels generally showed poor fitting on the questions of whether they should continue to exercise after injury, whether it was appropriate to be sedentary and inactive, whether weather with severe air pollution was suitable for outdoor sports, and motivation for sports tests and motivation to like challenges. In subsequent modifications, we will delete and improve these questions or modify the statements of these questions to appropriately increase the difficulty of the questions.
Conclusion: The one-dimensional test passed, reliable and internally consistent of the questionnaire was high, the difficulty of the item and the matching degree of population ability were high, and the questionnaire fit the model well. The questionnaire as a whole can form a questionnaire on sports health literacy of primary school students with good reliability and validity.
An experimental framework to assess biomolecular condensates in bacteria
Authors: Vecchiarelli Anthony , Hoang Y , Azaldegui Christopher , Ghalmi Maria , Biteen Julie 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
High-resolution imaging of biomolecular condensates in living cells is essential for correlating their properties to those observed through in vitro assays. However, such experiments are limited in bacteria due to resolution limitations. Here we present an experimental framework that probes the formation, reversibility, and dynamics of condensate-forming proteins in Escherichia coli as a means to determine the nature of biomolecular condensates in bacteria. We demonstrate that condensates form after passing a threshold concentration, maintain a soluble fraction, dissolve upon shifts in temperature and concentration, and exhibit dynamics consistent with internal rearrangement and exchange between condensed and soluble fractions. We also discovered that an established marker for insoluble protein aggregates, IbpA, has different colocalization patterns with bacterial condensates and aggregates, demonstrating its applicability as a reporter to differentiate the two in vivo. Overall, this framework provides a generalizable, accessible, and rigorous set of experiments to probe the nature of biomolecular condensates on the sub-micron scale in bacterial cells.
Distancing alters the controllability of emotional states by altering both intrinsic stability and extrinsic sensitivity
Authors: Malamud Jolanda , Huys Quentin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Our mental health is influenced by the emotional states we experience. Emotional states, in turn, depend on external experiences and internal processes that determine the form and persistence of emotional states. Emotion regulation strategies aim to alter emotional states and are an important element of evidence-based, effective psychotherapeutic interventions. However, the mechanisms by which emotion regulation works remain incompletely understood. Here, we combine experimental induction of momentary emotions with formal dynamical system theory to study how emotion regulation strategies influence emotion dynamics. Participants (N=109) repeatedly reported their
multidimensional emotional state while watching brief validated emotional video clips. Participants were then randomized to either an emotion regulation (distancing) or control intervention before watching further video clips. Dynamical and controllability features were inferred from participants' emotion ratings using a Kalman Filter, which captures how emotions evolve, interact, and are affected by external inputs. First, we showed that the Kalman filter provided an adequate account of the data. Emotions were maintained across stimuli, interacted and were richly influenced by emotional stimuli. Second, distancing had a dual effect: It reduced the (external) controllability of emotional states both by stabilizing specific emotional dynamics and by reducing the driving force external emotional stimuli exerted. These results provide a novel, quantitative approach to characterizing how emotions are controlled and how a distancing intervention alters emotional experience. The quantitative characterization of specific psychotherapeutic interventions may help better understand and target interventions.
Design and Development of VGI Systems for Online Monitoring of Rivers with Emphasis on Sand mining from Riverbeds(Case study :Gadar River)
Authors: Bayazidyhasanabad Mansour , Azaryan Kamyar 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Rivers play a crucial role in the hydrologic cycle and are central to economic and industrial development in many countries. However, in recent years, rivers have become highly vulnerable to environmental threats due to unsustainable extraction of sand, gravel, and sediments from the riverbed. This activity has caused severe damage to the ecosystem of rivers, resulting in adverse effects on plant and animal communities, increased risk of potential floods, and other associated issues. Conventional methods of monitoring and managing riverbeds have proven to be time-consuming and expensive.To address this issue, this study proposes the use of new web-based technologies for online monitoring of rivers. Advanced location detection systems and web-based technologies have enabled citizens to generate geospatial information, regardless of their knowledge or specialization. The timeliness of the volunteered geographic information (VGI) highlights the value of such information in all stages of monitoring and management, such as prevention, preparation, and response.To this end, a web-based public reporting system was developed and implemented to record violations and reports pertaining to the riverbeds. These reports were then collected in a geographic database, and a land displacement map was produced using Sentinel satellite data. The collected data was subsequently verified through phone calls and site visits to the reported locations. Finally, data from public reports and interferometry radar data were combined to achieve significant results. These results identified a strong correlation between sand mining from the riverbed and displacement of neighboring lands. Moreover, the study concluded that such online monitoring systems offer faster monitoring of rivers and help in effective river management and violation control.
Transcranial direct current stimulation attenuates the chronic pain of osteoarthritis in rats via the top-down modulation
Authors: Li Xinhe , Liu Zhe , Mao Fei , Li Yan , Di Xiaoning , Shang Cuixia , Qiao Jin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Osteoarthritis (OA) has been the common cause to lead to chronic pain. Numerous studies have demonstrated that transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) can revert maladaptive changes and relieve chronic pain. TDCS is effective in the treatment of a number of chronic pain conditions, but the top-down analgesic mechanism involved is still unclear. This study observed the analgesic effects of tDCS and the changes of NMDA receptors levels in the spinal cord after tDCS treatment in rats to explore the top-down analgesic mechanism of tDCS.
Methods
Monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) was injected into the ankle joint of rats to establish OA chronic pain model. After 21 days, the rats received tDCS for 14 consecutive days (20 min/day). As indicators of mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia, we used Von Frey test and hot plate test to assess the pain-related behaviors at different time points. Western blot and Immunohistochemistry were performed to observe the expression level of NMDAR2B in the spinal cord after tDCS treatment.
Results
After MIA injection, rats developed apparent mechanical hyperalgesia and thermal hyperalgesia. However, the pain-related behaviors of rats were significantly improved after tDCS treatment. In addition, the expression of NMDAR2B and the proportion of positive stained cells of NMDAR2B were reversed by tDCS treatment.
Conclusion
The results demonstrated that tDCS can attenuate OA-induced chronic pain in rats via reducing NMDAR2B expressions in the spinal cord. We believe that this may be the result of tDCS participating in the top-down modulation of pain pathway in the endogenous analgesic system.
Clinical efficacy and acceptability of remote fetal heart rate self-monitoring in southern China
Authors: Gan Yujie , Zhu Caixia , Zhou Yueqin , Wu Jieying , Cai Fenge , Wu Qiang , Huang Jingwan , Zhu Yanna , Chen Haitian 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background Compared to traditional fetal heart rate monitoring (FHR) for the outpatients in clinic, remote FHR monitoring shows real-time assessment of fetal wellbeing at home. The clinical function of remote FHR monitoring in pregnant wome in outpatient is still unclear.
Objective: To explore the feasibility of remote FHR self-monitoring in singleton pregnant women from southern China.
Study Design This prospective cohort studywas conducted at one tertiary center in southern China. Pregnant women used a mobile cardiotocogram device to measure the FHR at least once a week until delivery in the remote group. For the control group, pregnant women underwenttraditional FHR monitoring once a week in the outpatient clinic. The rate of cesarean section, risk of postpartum hemorrhage and adverse neonatal outcomes were compared between the two groups. All the pregnant women completed a questionnaire survey to evaluate their acquisition of remote FHR self-monitoring.
Results Approximately 500 women were recruited in the remote FHR self-monitoring group (remote group), and 567 women were recruited in the traditional FHR monitoring group (control group). The women in the remote FHR monitoring group were more likely to be nulliparous (P<0.001), more likely to have a higher education level (P<0.001) and more likely to be at high risk (P=0.003). There was no significant difference inthe risk of cesarean section (P=0.068) or postpartum hemorrhage (P=0.836) between the two groups. No difference in fetal complications was observed across groups, with the exception of the incidence of NICU stays, which was higher in the remote group (12.0% vs. 8.3%, P=0.044). The questionnaire survey showed that the interval time (P=0.001) and cost (P=0.010) of fetal heart rate monitoring were lower in the remote group. Regarding age, prepregnancy BMI, risk factors, education level, maternal risk and household income, senior high school (OR 2.86, 95% CI 1.67-4.90, P<0.001), undergraduate (OR 2.96, 95% CI 1.73-5.06, P<0.001), advanced maternal age (OR 1.42, 95% CI 1.07-1.89, P=0.015) and high-risk pregnancy (OR 1.61, 95% CI1.11-2.35, P=0.013) were independent factors for pregnant women to choose remote fetal monitoring. Multiparty (OR 0.33, 95% CI 0.21-0.51, P<0.001), full-time motherhood (OR 0.47, 95% CI 0.33-0.678, P<0.001) and high household income (OR 0.67, 95% CI 0.50-0.88, P=0.004) were negatively correlated with the choice of remote FHR self-monitoring.
Conclusion Remote FHR self-monitoring technology has a lower cost and shows potential clinical efficacy for the outpatient setting in southern China. This approach does not increase the risk of cesarean section or adverse neonatal outcomes. It is acceptable among nulliparous pregnant women with a high education level, high household income or high risk. Further research is needed to assess the impact of this technology on obstetric outcomes in different health settings.