bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of the endophytic bacterial community of Bituminaria bituminosa plant grown in vitro and its interaction with the plant extract
Authors: Chiellini Carolina , De Leo Marinella , Longo Vincenzo , Pieracci Ylenia , Pistelli Laura 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionBituminaria bituminosa is a medicinal plant recognized for its phytochemicals, such as furanocoumarins, pterocarpans, and flavonoids. Since the secondary metabolism is influenced by the plant-endophyte interactions, the endophytic bacterial community of B. bituminosa was explored and the possible interactions with the plant were described.Materials and methodsDifferent bacterial strains were isolated from different organs of in vitro plants as shoots, roots, and seeds. The bacterial strains were identified and phenotypically characterized for different traits; strains were also exposed to different concentrations of B. bituminosa plant extract showing different susceptibility, probably determined by different secondary metabolites produced by the plant in the different organs (i.e. aerial parts and roots).Results and discussionBacterial strains showed different phenotypic characteristics; the 6 detected haplotypes were dominated by a single species related to Stenotrophomonas rhizophila. Endophytes isolated from the aerial parts produced a higher indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) amount than those of the roots, while all strains were unable to produce biosurfactants and antagonistic activity toward the other strains. The research opens new perspectives for future analysis addressed to test the susceptibility of the endophytic bacterial community of B. bituminosa toward the pure compounds extracted from the plants, and to investigate the role of these compounds on the distribution of endophytes within the different plant tissues.
Effect of processing and substitution levels of Ukwa (Treculia africana) on the anti-nutrient factors, in-vitro starch and protein digestibility and total essential amino-acid content of snack bars
Authors: Edima-Nyah Anne P. , Ntukidem Victor E. , Ekanem Moses C. , Ojimelukwe Philippa C. , Nwabueze Titus U. 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionUkwa (Treculia africana) is an indigenous edible seed. It is a strategic store of vital food nutrients that are available during a specific crucial time of the year when reliable sources of these nutrients are under cultivation and extremely scarce. In the past, only poor rural residents used to eat it, but today it is not only a specialty meal enjoyed by Nigeria's elite and metropolitan residents but also a source of foreign exchange.MethodsIn this study, Ukwa was processed into whole, dehulled, malted and defatted flours. Maize and coconut flours were blended with the respective Ukwa flours at the ratio of 0:95:5, 20:75:5, 25:70:5, 30:65:5, 35:60:5 and 95:0:5 for Ukwa flour:Maize flour:Coconut grits respectively for development of snack bars. A two-factor factorial experiment in a completely randomized block design was applied for the study of the effect of processing, substitution levels of Ukwa flour and the interaction of the two variables on the responses analyzed. Anti-nutrient content and proximate compositions of the flours were determined using standard procedures.ResultsProcessing significantly reduced the anti-nutrient content and increased protein content of Ukwa flours. Up to 51.72% reduction of tannin was obtained by dehulling. Defatting, malting and dehulling resulted in 18.75, 34.37 and 65.62% reduction respectively in oxalate content. Highest reduction was obtained by dehulling, and was 70.69% in phytate, 79.95% in saponin, and 48.17% in trypsin inhibitor activity. Crude protein content of snack bars had 16.16 to 25.46% substitution main effect, and 19.43 to 22.65% processing main effect. In-vitro protein and starch digestibility increased with processing and decreased with increase in substituted level of Ukwa in the blend. Improvement, up to 9.97% by dehulling, 9.86% by malting and 8.64% by defatting, was recorded in in-vitro protein digestibility. An increase of 3.00 to 24.10% by defatting, 5.90 to 29.09% by malting and 9.70 to 31.80% by dehulling was recorded in in-vitro starch digestibility.DiscussionOur study revealed that, all the processing methods adopted reduced the anti-nutrient content of ukwa flours. Protein content and total essential amino-acid (TEAA) showed significant increase with increased substituted level of ukwa flour. In-vitro protein and starch digestibility decreased with increase substituted level of ukwa flour. Snack bars formulated with 20% Ukwa showed the highest in-vitro starch and protein digestibility irrespective of the method of processing. Malted Ukwa based snack bars recorded the highest values of TEAA. Processing of this nutritious seeds and use of its flour to develop snack bars could enhance utilization and give convenience to consumers and encourage extensive farming of the crop.
Proteomic Analysis of Proteins Related to Defense Responses in Arabidopsis Plants Transformed with the rolB Oncogene
Authors: Vereshchagina Yulia V. , Mironova Anastasiya A. , Bulgakov Dmitry V. , Bulgakov Victor P. 
Published: January 2023

During Agrobacterium rhizogenes–plant interaction, the rolB gene is transferred into the plant genome and is stably inherited in the plant’s offspring. Among the numerous effects of rolB on plant metabolism, including the activation of secondary metabolism, its effect on plant defense systems has not been sufficiently studied. In this work, we performed a proteomic analysis of rolB-expressing Arabidopsis thaliana plants with particular focus on defense proteins. We found a total of 77 overexpressed proteins and 64 underexpressed proteins in rolB-transformed plants using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and MALDI mass spectrometry. In the rolB-transformed plants, we found a reduced amount of scaffold proteins RACK1A, RACK1B, and RACK1C, which are known as receptors for activated C-kinase 1. The proteomic analysis showed that rolB could suppress the plant immune system by suppressing the RNA-binding proteins GRP7, CP29B, and CP31B, which action are similar to the action of type-III bacterial effectors. At the same time, rolB plants induce the massive biosynthesis of protective proteins VSP1 and VSP2, as well as pathogenesis-related protein PR-4, which are markers of the activated jasmonate pathway. The increased contents of glutathione-S-transferases F6, F2, F10, U19, and DHAR1 and the osmotin-like defense protein OSM34 were found. The defense-associated protein PCaP1, which is required for oligogalacturonide-induced priming and immunity, was upregulated. Moreover, rolB-transformed plants showed the activation of all components of the PYK10 defense complex that is involved in the metabolism of glucosinolates. We hypothesized that various defense systems activated by rolB protect the host plant from competing phytopathogens and created an effective ecological niche for A. rhizogenes. A RolB → RACK1A signaling module was proposed that might exert most of the rolB-mediated effects on plant physiology. Our proteomics data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD037959.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF TRYPSIN ACTIVITY IN BLOOD SERUM AND MILK OF COWS AND GOATS
Authors: В.Г. ВЕРТИПРАХОВ, , М.И. СЕЛИОНОВА, , В.В. МАЛОРОДОВ, 
Published: January 2023

Функция трипсина выходит далеко за рамки пищеварительной системы. Целью настоящей работы было определить активность трипсина и щелочной фосфатазы в молоке коров и коз, установить корреляцию между активностью трипсина в сыворотке и молоке с содержанием в молоке минеральных веществ — кальция, магния и цинка. Исследования проведены на 3 коровах голштинской породы, 7 коровах айрширской породы, 5 козах альпийской породы. Молоко получали от животных в утренние часы в стерильные пробирки объемом 15 мл, в течение 3-х ч определяли активность трипсина. Результаты свидетельствуют о том, что его активность в сыворотке крови коров составляет 48±2,7 ед/л, коз — 123±3,3 ед/л (P<0,05), что выше в 2,6 раза. Активность фермента в молоке животных находится на одинаковом уровне — 47±7,3 и 44±3,2 ед/л соответственно. Существенные различия (в 9,2 раза) отмечены в активности щелочной фосфатазы (ЩФ) в сыворотке крови: у коров — 148±11,4, у коз — 1366±220,4 ед/л (P<0,05). В молоке этих животных активность ЩФ так же не имеет существенных различий. Установлены прямая корреляция между активностью трипсина и содержанием кальция, магния и цинка в молоке и обратная связь между активностью трипсина в сыворотке крови и указанными минералами в молоке коров. Учитывая роль трипсина в сыворотке крови, как маркера метаболизма, можно считать, что высокоудойные коровы будут иметь относительно низкое содержание кальция, магния и цинка в молоке по сравнению со средним показателем по стаду.
The function of trypsin extends far beyond the digestive system. The purpose of this work was to determine the activity of trypsin and alkaline phosphatase in milk of cows and goats, to establish correlation between the activity of trypsin in serum and milk and the content of minerals — calcium, magnesium and zinc in milk. The researches were carried out on 3 cows of Holstein breed, 7 cows of Ayrshire breed, 5 goats of Alpine breed. Milk was obtained from animals in the morning hours in sterile tubes of 15 ml, and trypsin activity was determined for 3 hours. The results show that its activity in the blood serum of cows was 48±2.7 units/l, that of goats — 123±3.3 units/l (P<0.05), which is 2.6 times higher. The enzyme activity in animal milk is at the same level, 47±7.3 and 44±3.2 units/l, respectively. Significant differences (9.2-fold) were observed in the activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in blood serum: 148±11.4 in cows and 1366±220.4 units/l in goats (P<0.05). In milk of these animals ALP activity also has no significant differences. Direct correlation between the activity of trypsin and the content of calcium, magnesium and zinc in milk and inverse relation between the activity of trypsin in blood serum and the above minerals in cow milk have been established. Given the role of trypsin in blood serum as a marker of metabolism, it can be assumed that high-yielding cows will have relatively low calcium, magnesium and zinc content in milk compared to the herd average.
Fragments of Artistic Impressions During the Pandemic and Other Difficult Trials
Authors: Нестьева Марина Израилевна 
Published: January 2023

В статье зафиксированы театральные впечатления автора от постановок опер «Замок герцога Синяя Борода» Б. Бартока режиссера Д. Вольпи (2021) и «Кармен» Ж. Бизе режиссера К. Вагнера (2022), осуществленные Немецкой оперой на Рейне. Включены также размышления автора о разных вариантах интерпретации мифа об Орфее: спектакле П. Бауш «Орфей и Эвридика» на музыку К. В. Глюка в Вуппертальском театре танца; оперетте «Орфей в аду» Ж. Оффенбаха, впервые показанной на Зальцбургском фестивале в 2019 году; концертном исполнении оперы «Душа философа, или Орфей и Эвридика» Й. Гайдна, состоявшемся в Тонхалле в Дюссельдорфе (2022). Представлены отзывы на выступления пианистов Г. Л. Соколова, М. В. Плетнёва, И. Левита; затронуты вопросы современного музыкального образования и композиторского творчества.
The article contains theatrical impressions covering the productions of the operas “Duke Bluebeard's Castle” by B. Bartok directed by D. Volpi (2021) and “Carmen” by J. Bizet directed by K. Wagner (2022) at the Deutsche Oper am Rhein. Also included reflections on different interpretations of the myth of Orpheus: the performance of “Orpheus and Eurydice” with the music of K. W. Gluck by P. Bausch at the Wuppertal Dance Theater, the operetta “Orpheus in the Underworld” by J. Offenbach, first shown at the Salzburg Festival (2019) and a concert performance of the opera “L'anima del filosofo, ossia Orfeo ed Euridice” by J. Haydn, held at the Tonhalle DQsseldorf (2022). The article also presents the author's reviews of the performances of G. Sokolov, M. Pletnev, and I. Levit, and touches upon the trends of modern music education and composers' works.
Decease of Mikhail Byalik
Authors: Грабовский Леонид Александрович 
Published: January 2023

Автор рассказывает о знакомстве и многолетней дружбе с музыковедом Михаилом Бяликом: от уроков истории музыки в студенческие годы автора до последних электронных писем, отправленных друг другу. Также в эссе затрагивается история украинской музыки и искусства XX века в целом.
The author talks about the acquaintance and long-lasting friendship with the musicologist Mikhail Bialik: from the first lessons of the history of music in author’s student years to the latest e-mails. The essay also touches upon the history of Ukrainian music and art of the 20th century as a whole.
Tamara Livanova and Her “Memoirs”
Authors: Петухова Светлана Анатольевна 
Published: January 2023

Трехтомные «Воспоминания», написанные Т. Н. Ливановой в 1974-1983 годах, в настоящее время готовятся к изданию в Государственном институте искусствознания. В статье впервые освещены история создания и содержательные особенности этого текста, принадлежащего известному российскому музыковеду, автору учебников, многотомников, справочников, профессору Московской консерватории и ведущему научному сотруднику ГИИ. Вклад Ливановой в развитие отечественной науки огромен и уникален; даже сейчас сложно представить, как один человек смог осуществить все то, что сделала она. Однако в ее мемуарах отсутствуют и сухой академизм, и пафос собственного превознесения. Текст их — гибкий, живой, самоироничный, чрезвычайно интересный не только профессионалам — позволяет осмыслить неизвестные ранее подробности многих знаковых событий современной истории и по достоинству оценить писательское мастерство автора.
The three-volume “Memoirs” written by T. N. Li­va­nova in 1974–1983 are preparing for publica­tion at the State Institute for Art Studies (SIAS). The article for the first time highlights the history of creation and content features of this text, owned by a well-known Russian musicologist, author of textbooks, multi-volume books, and handbooks, professor of the Moscow Conservatory and leading researcher at the SIAS. Livanova’s contribution to the development of Russian science is huge and unique; even now it is difficult to imagine how one person could do all that she did. However, her memoirs lack both dry academicism and the pathos of her exaltation. Their text―flexible, lively, self-ironic, and extremely interesting not only for professionals―allows you to comprehend the previously unknown details of many significant events in modern history and appreciate the author’s writing skills.
THE CURRENT STATE OF THE ISSUE OF GEOPOLYMER CONCRETE IN RUSSIA AND ABROAD
Authors: Е. М. Щербань, 
Published: January 2023

В статье проведен обзор существующих исследований, посвящённых вопросу технологии, рецептуры, составов, применения геополимерных бетонов в России и за рубежом. В результате проведённого обзора были сделаны аналитические выводы, определены научные и практические дефициты, которые касаются геополимерных бетонов, оценена применимость подходов, которые существуют в настоящее время с привязкой к современным условиям при производстве геополимерных бетонов, выявлены основные факторы, влияющие на свойства геополимерных бетонов и их эффективность, разработаны практические предложения для отрасли по результатам аналитического обзора. Таким образом, данное исследование направлено на решение ряда научно-технологических задач, которые относятся к вопросам импортозамещения, а также замены части сырьевых компонентов на более дешёвые компоненты с целью создания бесклинкерных вяжущих и геополимерных бетонов на их основе. Результаты данного аналитического исследования вносят существенный вклад в существующие представления, как теоретические, так и практические, о структуре и свойствах геополимерных бетонов.
The article provides an overview of existing studies on the technology, formulation, compositions, and application of geopolymer concrete in Russia and abroad. As a result of the review, analytical conclusions were made, scientific and practical deficiencies related to geopolymer concretes were identified, the applicability of approaches that currently exist with reference to modern conditions in the production of geopolymer concretes was assessed, the main factors affecting the properties of geopolymer concretes and their effectiveness were identified, practical proposals for the industry were developed based on the results of analytical review. Thus, this study is aimed at solving a number of scientific and technological problems that relate to import substitution, as well as replacing some of the raw materials with cheaper components in order to create linker-free binders and geopolymer concretes based on them. The results of this analytical study make a significant contribution to the existing ideas, both theoretical and practical, about the structure and properties of geopolymer concrete.
EVALUASI KINERJA RUAS JALAN (Studi Kasus Pembangunan Pasar Lepin, Jalan Jenderal Sudirman Dumai)
Authors: De Yusril Yusril 
Published: January 2023

Jalan Jenderal Sudirman merupakan salah satu ruas jalan yang ada di kota Dumai. Permasalahan yang terjadi dijalan Jenderal Sudirman adalah akibat adanya pembangunan pasar lepin yang menyebabkan harus adanya evaluasi kinerja ruas jalan tersebut. Maka dari itu perlu dilakukan penelitian untuk mengetahui sebrapa besar nilai arus lalu lintas , kecepatan kendaraan dan nilai drajat kejenuhan agar dapat diketahui kinerja ruas jalan tersebut. Adapun analisis penelitian ini menggunakan metode Pedoman Kapasitas Jalan Indonesia (PKJI 2014),dengan metode survei kendaraan yang melintasi ruas jalan Jenderal Sudirman tepatnya didepan pembangunan Pasar Lepin yang kemudian disimulasikan menggunakan Aplikasi Software Vissim 2016. Hasil analisa menggunakan PKJI 2014 diperoleh nilai kapasitas ruas jalan Jendral sudirman sebesar 9142 smp/jam. Berdasarkan rasio arus terhadap kapasitas didapat nilai drajat kejenuhan kondisi eksisting 0,42, Sedangkan untuk kondisi eksisting mendatang Dj didapat dengan jumlah 0,54, adapun tingkat pelayanan kondisi eksisting yaitu tingkat B. Sedangkan Tingkat Pelayanan kondisi eksisting mendatang yaitu tingkat C. Hal ini menjelaskan bahwa dilihat pada nilai tingkat pelayanan yang dianalisa yaitu arus stabil tetapi kecepatan gerak kendaraan dikendalikan yang artinya ruas jalan antara untuk saat ini belum membutuhkan perbaikan baik pelebaran maupun peningkatan lainnya.
Implementasi SDLC Waterfall dalam Pembuatan Game Edukasi Heroes of Harmony “HOH” Menggunakan RPG Maker Mv
Authors: Laksono Danang Tri , Swanjaya Daniel , Wulaningrum Resty 
Published: January 2023

The development of technology and games is currently experiencing very rapid development, both online and offline games. In general, games are applications that turn human life into software. Role-playing games (RPGs) are games that contain a complex story and elements of the art of role-playing that make you feel like a character in a game. It is based on the problem of designing and building the game Heroes of Harmony with RPG Maker MV. The research method used to make this RPG game is software development life cycle (SDLC) Waterfall where the research stages are in the form of software requirements analysis, design stage, program code generation, unit testing. The requirements planning stage identifies the application or system objectives and identifies the information requirements to achieve these objectives. The design process phase includes improvements when there are still design differences between the design process and the users and analysts. Perkembangan teknologi dan game saat ini mengalami perkembangan yang sangat pesat baik game online maupun offline. Secara umum, game adalah aplikasi yang mengubah kehidupan manusia menjadi perangkat lunak. Role-playing game (RPG) adalah game yang berisi cerita kompleks dan elemen seni role-playing yang membuat Anda merasa seperti karakter dalam game. Hal ini didasarkan pada masalah merancang dan membangun game Heroes of Harmony dengan RPG Maker MV. Metode penelitian yang digunakan untuk membuat game RPG ini adalah software development life cycle (SDLC) Waterfall dimana tahapan penelitian berupa analisis kebutuhan perangkat lunak, tahap desain, pembuatan kode program, pengujian unit. Tahap perencanaan kebutuhan mengidentifikasi tujuan aplikasi atau sistem dan mengidentifikasi kebutuhan informasi untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut. Tahap proses desain meliputi perbaikan ketika masih ada perbedaan desain antara proses desain dan pengguna dan analisis.
Chemical Modifications of Starch; A Prospective for Sweet Potato Starch
Authors: Bensaad Dhiya Eddine , Saleh Mohammed , Ismail Khalid , Lee Youngseung , Ondier George 
Published: January 2023

The current review presents the potential chemical modifications and applications of sweet potato starch in food and non-food industries. Native starch in general and particularly sweet potato starch characteristics have several functional features and applications in biomedicine as well as in the food industry. Modified starch is expected to enhance such characteristics as discussed in this review. For instance, due to the polymeric and branching nature of starch; the starch is usually less soluble, absorbs less water and oil, and shows a strong ability to bind to iodine. Also, native starches have significantly lower digestibility values under enzymatic treatment. Starch modifications, therefore are designed to enhance one or more of the above-mentioned limitations; thereby, modification of starch can alter the physicochemical characteristics of the native starch to improve its functional characteristic.
Starches can be modified using physical methods (annealing, heat moisture treatment, pre-gelatinization, and other non-thermal processes), chemical methods (etherification, acetylation, acid modification, cationic linking, esterification, cross-linking, and oxidation), enzymatic modification methods, genetic alteration process or combination of them.
Management of Nitrogen Fertilizer in Monoculture Wheat System under Mediterranean Climate Conditions
Authors: Zerrouk Izzeddine Zakarya , Rahmoune Bilal , Kherroubi Mounir , Messadi Oussama , Bouzaa Saad 
Published: January 2023

The production of durum wheat in Algeria is hardly sufficient for the growing demand for this product. Dependent on climatic hazards, the national average yields which hardly exceed 10 q ha-1, are mainly due to a lack of mastery of production techniques such as fertilization, plant protection, supplemental irrigation, etc. The aim of the undertaken experimentation was to constitute a nitrogen fertilization strategy for durum wheat that fit the region of the plains of Constantine in Algeria. Based on the form of fertilizer, the method, and the time of application, the experimentation profited from good soil and good climatic conditions. For that, we established an experimental device including various methods of contribution: ground and foliar nitrogen fertilizers, split or fully applied at-planting. The analysis of growth parameters and yield components showed that any nitrogen input results in improvements whatever its form or modality. Moreover, the method with a single application of nitrogen fertilizer at-planting on the ground was most efficient for the whole of the studied parameters, except the length of the ear where we observed the best result with foliar supply.
Self-aligned patterning on β-Ga2O3 substrates via backside-exposure photolithography
Authors: Oshima Takayoshi 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

β-Ga2O3 has not been patterned using backside-exposure lithography, despite its high potential applications in future power electronics and its transparency to conventional lithography light sources. Here, a patterned metal on a β-Ga2O3 substrate surface was used as an embedded photomask to demonstrate the applicability of backside-exposure lithography to β-Ga2O3 substrates. Self-aligned photoresist patterning, lift-off, and etching processes were demonstrated for an AZ5214E photoresist in both the positive and negative processing modes. The findings suggest that backside-exposure photolithography is a promising fabrication approach for future β-Ga2O3-based devices.