bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using transfixion irrigation with negative pressure drainage (TINPD) minimally invasive to manage infratemporal fossa (ITF) abscess
Authors: Chang Caiwang , Zhou Zhilin , Xie Mengjia , Gao Juanjuan , Shao Miaomiao , Huang Jinhua , Meng Zhibing 
Published: May 2023

Rationale:
The treatment of abscess in the infratemporal space is still controversial and bedside and operative intraoral drainage is often used to resolve the abscess. However, it can be difficult to control the infection quickly.[1] In this report, the authors present a new technique of using transfixion irrigation with negative pressure drainage for minimally invasive management of infratemporal fossa abscess.

Patient concerns:
A 45-year-old man with type 2 diabetes complained of painful swelling and trismus in the right lower facial region for 10 days. The patient was weak, with mild anxiety, and gradually aggravated.

Diagnoses:
The patient was misdiagnosed and received dental pulp treatment for the right mandibular first molar and was given oral cefradine capsules (500 mg 3 times per day). Computed tomography scan and puncture revealed an abscess in the infratemporal fossa.

Intervention:
The authors used transfixion irrigation with negative pressure drainage from different directions to reach the abscess cavity. Saline solution was infused through 1 tube and allowed to flow out through the other tube to flush out the pus and debris from the abscess.

Outcome:
On day 9, the drainage tube was removed and the patient was discharged. One week later, the patient was followed up in the outpatient clinic and the impacted mandibular third molar was removed. This technique is less invasive and leads to faster recovery times and fewer complications.

Lessons subsections:
The report highlights the importance of proper preoperative evaluation, using a thoracic drainage tube as soon as possible, and continuous flushing. A double-lumen drainage tube with a suitable diameter and combined flushing should be designed for future reference. Moreover, the use of drugs can effectively eliminate emboli formation, allowing for faster and more minimally invasive control and removal of the infection.[2]
Rapid absorption of frontal lobe contusion and laceration with hematoma: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Wu Yangzong , Liu Penghui , Lin Yuanxiang , Qian Shuiqing , Chen Xiaoxin , Fan Zhiquan 
Published: May 2023

Rationale:
It is rare for a traumatic intracranial hematoma to self-absorb rapidly after conservative treatment. To the best of our knowledge, there has been no report in the relevant literature of rapid absorption of hematoma formation following cerebral contusion and laceration.

Patient concerns:
A 54-year-old male was admitted to our hospital with head trauma at 3 hours prior to admission. He was alert and oriented, glasgow coma scale score of 15. Head computed tomography (CT) showed left frontal brain contusion with hematoma, however, a reexamination of CT about 29 hours following the trauma revealed that the hematoma had been absorbed.

Diagnoses:
A diagnosis of contusion and laceration of left frontal lobe with hematoma formation was made based on the CT images.

Interventions:
The patient underwent conservative treatment.

Outcomes:
After treatment, dizziness and headache subsided for the patient, and no special discomfort was reported.

Lessons:
It is likely that the reason for rapid absorption in this case is that the hematoma is prone to liquefaction because of abnormal platelet values and coagulation dysfunction. As the liquefaction hematoma breaks into the lateral ventricle, it is redistributed and absorbed in the lateral ventricle and subarachnoid space. Further evidence is required to support this hypothesis.
Self-warming blankets versus active warming by forced-air devices for preventing hypothermia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Al-dardery Nada Mostafa , Abdelwahab Omar A. , El-Samahy Mohamed , Seif Ali Mohamed , Mouffokes Adel , Khaity Abdulrhman 
Published: May 2023

Background:
Unintended perioperative hypothermia is a significant complication for patients undergoing anesthesia. Different measures are routinely undertaken to prevent hypothermia and its consequences. The evidence comparing the impact of self-warming blankets and forced-air warming is scarce. Therefore, this meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy of self-warming blankets compared to forced-air devices regarding the incidence of perioperative hypothermia.

Methods:
We searched the Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, and Scopus for relevant studies from inception until December 2022. We included comparative studies with patients allocated to undergo warming using a self-warming blanket or forced air warming. All concerned outcomes were pooled as odds ratios or mean differences (MDs) in the meta-analysis models using Review Manager (RevMan version 5.4).

Results:
Our results from 8 studies (597 patients) favored self-warming blankets over forced-air devices in terms of core temperature at 120 and 180 minutes after induction of general anesthesia (MD = 0.33, 95% confidence interval [CI] [0.14–0.51], P = .0006), (MD = 0.62, 95% CI [0.09–1.14], P = .02), respectively. However, the overall effect did not favor either of the 2 groups for the incidence of hypothermia (odds ratio = 0.69, 95% CI [0.18–2.62]).

Conclusion:
Ultimately, self-warming blankets have a more significant effect than forced-air warming systems in terms of maintaining normothermia of core temperature after induction anesthesia. However, the present evidence is not enough to verify the efficacy of the 2 warming techniques in the incidence of hypothermia. Further studies with large sample sizes are recommended.
Atypical symptoms of testicular torsion in a 7-year-old child: A case report
Authors: Guo Bei-Cyuan , Wu Han-Ping 
Published: May 2023

Rationale:
Testicular torsion accounting for 25% of acute scrotal disease, is an acute surgical condition. Atypical presentations of testicular torsion may lead delay diagnosis.

Patient concerns:
A 7-year-old boy was admitted to the pediatric emergency department with continuous and progressive left scrotal pain for 2 days, associated symptoms and signs included left scrotal swelling and erythema. The pain started 4 days ago as left lower abdominal pain which then migrated to the left scrotum.

Diagnoses:
Physical examination showed left scrotum skin redness, swelling, local heat, tenderness, high-riding testis, absence of the left side cremasteric reflex and a negative Prehn’s sign. Subsequent point of care ultrasound of scrotum revealed increased volume of the left testicle, inhomogeneous hypo-echoic left testis, and no detectable flow in the left testis. Left testicular torsion was diagnosed.

Interventions:
Surgical examination confirmed testicular torsion showing 720° counterclockwise rotation of the spermatic cord with ischemic changes in the left testis and epididymis.

Outcomes:
The patient was stabilized and discharged after left orchiectomy, right orchiopexy and antibiotic therapy.

Lessons:
Symptoms of testicular torsion may be atypical, especially in prepubertal age. Detailed history, physical examination, point of care ultrasound usage and timely urologist consultation and intervention are important for prompt rescue to prevent testicular loss, testicular atrophy, and eventual impairment of fertility.
Advances in the genetics of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Ajmera Veeral , Loomba Rohit 
Published: May 2023

Purpose of review
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of liver disease in the United States and has a strong heritable component. Advances in understanding the genetic underpinnings of NAFLD have revealed important insights into NAFLD pathogenesis, prognosis, and potential therapeutic targets. The purpose of this review is to summarize data on common and rare variants associated with NAFLD, combining risk variants into polygenic scores to predict NAFLD and cirrhosis as well as emerging evidence on using gene silencing as a novel therapeutic target in NAFLD.

Recent findings
Protective variants in HSD17B13, MARC1 and CIDEB have been identified and a confer 10–50% lower risk of cirrhosis. Together, these as well as other NAFLD risk variants, including those in PNPLA3 and TM6SF2, can be combined to create polygenic risk scores associated with liver fat, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Genomic analysis of extreme phenotypes including patients with lean NAFLD without visceral adiposity may uncover rare monogenic disorders with pathogenic and therapeutic implications and gene silencing strategies targeting HSD17B13 and PNPLA3 are being evaluated in early phase human studies as treatments for NAFLD.

Summary
Advances in our understanding of the genetics of NAFLD will enable clinical risk stratification and yield potential therapeutic targets.
The debate in the diagnosis of coeliac disease – time to go ‘no-biopsy’?
Authors: Shiha Mohamed G. , Raju Suneil A. , Sidhu Reena , Penny Hugo A. 
Published: May 2023

Purpose of review
Duodenal biopsies have been central to making a diagnosis of coeliac disease for the last 70 years. Recent paediatric guidelines have reduced the emphasis on duodenal biopsies with the incorporation of a ‘no-biopsy’ arm to the diagnostic pathway. This review discusses the no-biopsy approach in adults and highlights advances in alternative (non-biopsy) diagnostic modalities in coeliac disease.

Recent findings
Evidence suggests that a no-biopsy approach for the diagnosis of adult coeliac disease is accurate. However, a number of factors still favour duodenal biopsy sampling in specific patient groups. Moreover, several factors need to be considered if this pathway is implemented into local gastroenterology services.

Summary
Duodenal biopsies remain an important step in the diagnosis of adult coeliac disease. However, an alternative approach that removes the necessity for biopsies may be an option in selected adults. If further guidelines incorporate this pathway, then efforts should focus on supporting a dialogue between primary and secondary care to facilitate the appropriate implementation of this approach.
Differences in treatment and outcomes among patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction with and without standard modifiable risk factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Shrestha Biraj , Shrestha Dhan B. , Sedhai Yub R. , Shtembari Jurgen , Oli Prakash R. , Shikhrakar Shreeja , Paudel Bidhya , Roberts Madhur , Patel Nimesh K. , Singh Aniruddha , Singh Karan , Waheed Irfan , Basnyat Soney , Khan Mohammad S. , Kazimuddin Mohammed , Elgendy Islam Y. 
Published: May 2023

Background:
There are limited data available on outcomes and pathophysiology behind ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in populations without standard modifiable risk factors (SMuRFs). The authors carried out this meta-analysis to understand the differences in treatment and outcomes of STEMI patients with and without SMuRFs.

Methods:
A systematic database search was performed for relevant studies. Studies reporting desired outcomes among STEMI patients with and without SMuRFs were selected based on predefined criteria in the study protocol (PROSPERO: CRD42022341389). Two reviewers independently screened titles and abstracts using Covidence. Full texts of the selected studies were independently reviewed to confirm eligibility. Data were extracted from all eligible studies via a full-text review of the primary article for qualitative and quantitative analysis. In-hospital mortality following the first episode of STEMI was the primary outcome, with major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), repeat myocardial infarction (MI), cardiogenic shock, heart failure, and stroke as secondary outcomes of interest. Odds ratio (OR) with a 95% CI was used to estimate the effect.

Results:
A total of 2135 studies were identified from database search, six studies with 521 150 patients with the first STEMI episode were included in the analysis. The authors found higher in-hospital mortality (OR: 1.43; CI: 1.40–1.47) and cardiogenic shock (OR: 1.59; 95% CI: 1.55–1.63) in the SMuRF-less group with no differences in MACE, recurrent MI, major bleeding, heart failure, and stroke. There were lower prescriptions of statin (OR: 0.62; CI: 0.42–0.91) and Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor /Angiotensin II receptor blocker (OR: 0.49; CI: 0.28–0.87) at discharge in SMuRF-less patients. There was no difference in procedures like coronary artery bypass graft, percutaneous coronary intervention, and thrombolysis.

Conclusion:
In the SMuRF-less STEMI patients, higher in-hospital mortality and treatment discrepancies were noted at discharge.
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia associated with COVID-19 infection: a rare case report
Authors: Shhada Eman , Abdullah Lava , Abduljalil Nour , Gharib Ghazal , Barhoom Dima , Ali Sawssan 
Published: May 2023

Introduction:
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an illness due to severe acute respiratory syndrome, symptoms and severity of disease varies from patient to patient, autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) in children with COVID-19 is rare.

Case presentation:
A 12-year-old female presented with fever, headache, myalgia, and hematuria. At admission, she was hemodynamically stable, severe anemia was present, and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection was confirmed by RT-PCR. The diagnosis of AIHA was confirmed and treated.

Discussion:
There are few reports of patients with AIHA and COVID-19. However, the majority of patients in these reports also have autoantibodies and other underlying conditions known to be associated with the development of AIHA.

Conclusion:
In this current pandemic, it should be taken into account that previously healthy children with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection have been found to have severe hemolytic anemia in the absence of COVID-19.
The analysis between clinicopathological aspect of early-onset vs. late-onset colorectal cancer and mortality rate: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Lukman Kiki , Mulyawan Andi , Nugrahani Annisa Dewi , Rudiman Reno , Primastari Etis 
Published: May 2023

Introduction:
Early-onset colorectal cancer (CRC) has different clinical and pathological characteristics compared with late-onset CRC. Mortality rate as a postoperative outcome is a patient’s postoperative outcome considered based on the state of life or death. The objective of this research is to analyse the comparison between clinicopathological aspect of early-onset vs. late-onset CRC as well as their correlation with the mortality rate in Indonesia to support global data.

Material and methods:
The authors performed a case-control study on 170 subjects with CRC from November 2021 to November 2022 in a Tertiary Hospital in Bandung. Data were extracted from electronic medical records CRC Registry. Bivariate and correlation analyses were used to analyse the difference between variables using IBM SPSS 24.0. P less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:
Anaemia and tumour location variables were significantly different in the early-onset group compared with the late-onset group (P<0.001). It was also found that anaemia (P<0.001), pathological features (P<0.001), and tumour location (P=0.013) had significantly low correlation with onset of CRC (r=0.325; r=0.397; r=0.342, respectively).

Conclusion:
There is no statistically significant correlation between the clinicopathological features of CRC in both onset and mortality rates in this study.
Prevalence and factors associated with suicide attempts among Moroccan patients with schizophrenia: cross-sectional study
Authors: Koubaa Ibtissam , Aden Mohamed Omar , Barrimi Mohammed 
Published: May 2023

Background:
Suicide is an important cause of death among patients affected by schizophrenia. The lifetime prevalence is 10–15%. The identification of factors associated with suicide attempts will help to identify preventive and therapeutic strategies to reduce the toll of suicide.

Aims:
The purpose of this study is to investigate the prevalence of suicide attempts and their sociodemographic and clinical characteristics in Moroccan patients with schizophrenia.

Materials and methods:
This is a cross-sectional study of patients admitted to our Hospital of Psychiatry in Morocco, between year and year, with adiagnosis f schizophrenia.

Results:
In our sample (n=304), 65 (21.4%) had attempted suicide. Suicide attempts were significantly and positively associated with a family history of bipolar disorder, comorbidity with a substance use disorder, a relatively short duration of treatment, poor adherence to medication, and severe general, positive, and depressive symptoms.

Conclusion:
The prevention of suicide risk requires the effective management of depressive and addictive comorbidities, the reduction of schizophrenia symptoms through appropriate treatment and an effort to improve adherence.
Using a Cascading Approach to Improve Multisite Study Procedures
Authors: LaFond Cynthia M. , Hanrahan Kirsten , Bohr Nicole L. , McCarthy Ann Marie 
Published: May 2023

Background
Multisite studies offer larger, more diverse samples to successfully capture populations and clinical practices of interest at the point of care. However, investigators face challenges with site recruitment and sampling, differences in clinical practices across sites, and data integrity. Addressing these issues a priori can improve the rigor and reproducibility of the research.

Objective
This article aims to describe a cascading approach to multisite research. An exemplar is provided of a study using this approach, which aimed to evaluate the prevalence of pain and the pain management practices provided to critically ill children in pediatric intensive care units in the United States.

Methods
The cascading approach includes two or more pilot study procedures with a progressively increasing number of sites prior to a full-scale study. Following each pilot, study procedures are evaluated; feedback was obtained from site personnel and content experts; procedures were revised accordingly; approvals were obtained; sites were trained; and the revised procedures are repeated with a larger, more diverse number of sites.

Results
In the exemplar provided, improvements in the efficiency and integrity of data collection were noted for the full-scale study following the pilots. All sites that completed the agreements and approvals for study participation were retained for the duration of the two pilots and full-scale study.

Discussion
Borrowing from principles of process improvement, the cascading approach allows knowledge to be gained regarding site differences and informs the revision of study procedures while potentially maximizing efficiency and data integrity, minimizing site burden, and maintaining site engagement for multisite studies.
Patient Safety Perception Within Hospitals: An Examination of Job Type, Handoffs and Information Exchange, and Hospital Management Support
Authors: Ming Yue , Meehan Rebecca 
Published: May 2023

Objectives
The study has 3 aims: (1) to assess to what extent a person’s job role relates to their evaluation of patient safety in the hospital setting; 2) to identify the relationship from hospital management aspects, including level of organizational learning–continuous improvement, level of management support, and level of leader support to patient safety perception in the hospital setting; and 3) to examine the relationship between the rating of the ease of information exchange and clinical handoffs and perceived patient safety in the hospital setting.

Methods
This study used a publicly available, deidentified cross-sectional data set from the 2021 Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality’s Survey on Patient Safety Culture Hospital Survey 2.0. Welch’s analysis of variance and multiple linear regression were used to examine each factor’s impact on patient safety rating.

Results
Supervisors had a higher (P < 0.001) patient safety perception than people in other job types, whereas nurses had a lower (P < 0.001) patient safety perception than other job types. Level of organizational learning–continuous improvement (P < 0.001), level of hospital management (P < 0.001), level of leader support (P < 0.001), and ease of handoffs and information exchange (P < 0.001) were positively related to perceived patient safety.

Conclusions
This study highlights the importance of identifying the unique issues affecting nurses and supervisors, different from other job types, that may explain their lower patient safety ratings. Findings from this study suggest that it is critical for organizations to focus on initiatives and policies that promote leadership, management, ease in information exchange and handoffs, and continuous learning.
Comparing the Outcomes and Complication Rates of Biologic vs Synthetic Meshes in Implant-Based Breast Reconstruction
Authors: Makarewicz Nathan , Perrault David , Sharma Ayushi , Shaheen Mohammed , Kim Jessica , Calderon Christian , Sweeney Brian , Nazerali Rahim 
Published: May 2023

Objective
This systematic review evaluates all published studies comparing biologic and synthetic meshes in implant-based breast reconstruction (IBBR), to determine which category of mesh produces the most favorable outcomes.

Summary Background Data
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women globally. Implant-based breast reconstruction is currently the most popular method of postmastectomy reconstruction, and recently, the use of surgical mesh in IBBR has become commonplace. Although there is a long-standing belief among surgeons that biologic mesh is superior to synthetic mesh in terms of surgical complications and patient outcomes, few studies exist to support this claim.

Methods
A systematic search of the EMBASE, PubMed, and Cochrane databases was performed in January 2022. Primary literature studies comparing biologic and synthetic meshes within the same experimental framework were included. Study quality and bias were assessed using the validated Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies criteria.

Results
After duplicate removal, 109 publications were reviewed, with 12 meeting the predetermined inclusion criteria. Outcomes included common surgical complications, histological analysis, interactions with oncologic therapies, quality of life measures, and esthetic outcomes. Across all 12 studies, synthetic meshes were rated as at least equivalent to biologic meshes for every reported outcome. On average, the studies in this review tended to have moderate Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies scores.

Conclusion
This systematic review offers the first comprehensive evaluation of all publications comparing biologic and synthetic meshes in IBBR. The consistent finding that synthetic meshes are at least equivalent to biologic meshes across a range of clinical outcomes offers a compelling argument in favor of prioritizing the use of synthetic meshes in IBBR.