bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Robot-Assisted versus Video-Assisted Lobectomy for Early-Stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (RAVAR): Study Protocol of a Prospective, Multicentre, Open-Label, Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: Zhu Teng-Fei , Yang Mu-Zi , Ling Li , Yi Jun , Peng Zhong-Min , Liao Yong-De , Gou Yun-Jiu , Liu Hong-Xu , Jiao Wen-Jie , Xu Quan , Du Ming , Wang Yun , Qiao Gui-Bin , Jiang Ben-Yuan , Qi Yu , Yan Xiao-Long , Wang Guang-Suo , Yu Ben-Tong , Qiao Kun , Li Ming , Li Bin , Hu Bin , Xiong Rong-Sheng , Yue Wei-Ming , Zhang Ni , Wang Zhi-Qiang , Tian Hui , Yang Hao-Xian 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Video-assisted lobectomy (VAL) and robot-assisted lobectomy (RAL) are recommended standard treatments for early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Nevertheless, comparisons of long-term survival between VAL and RAL are controversial because of the lack of robust evidence from prospective multicentre randomised controlled trials (RCTs).
Method
We are conducting a prospective multicentre RCT to evaluate whether RAL is non-inferior to VAL in terms of long-term survival in patients with clinical stage T1-2N0-1M0 (stage I-II) NSCLC who underwent lobectomies (RAVAR study). A total of 1,124 patients will be enrolled from multiple institutions. The primary endpoint is the five-year disease-free survival rate. The secondary endpoints include five-year overall survival and short-term outcomes, such as perioperative complications, length of postoperative hospital stay, operation time, number of dissected lymph nodes, chest tube duration, pain score, and total cost of hospitalisation. The Ethics Committee of the Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center approved the study protocol in May 2020, and patient enrolment began in August 2020. Approval was obtained from each institutional ethics committee before initiating patient enrolment.
Discussion
This multicentre RCT compares the long-term outcomes of RAL and VAL in resectable early-stage NSCLC. The expected results of this study will determine whether RAL can achieve satisfactory long-term outcomes that are not inferior to those of VAL in patients with early-stage NSCLC, thereby providing high-level evidence for a minimally invasive approach for these patients.
Trial registration
The protocol of RAVAR trial was registered in the China Clinical Trials Registry as ChiCTR2000034737 (registration date: July 17, 2020) and ClinicalTrials.gov as NCT06524427 (registration date: July 29, 2024). Date of First Participant Enrollment: August 26, 2020.
Corrosion behavior of Limnoperna fortunei on carbon steel in freshwater environments
Authors: Liu Yuhan , He Xiaoyan , Yang Ying , Yuan Xianfu , Zhou Ziquan , Bai Xiuqin , Yuan Chengqing 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Limnoperna fortunei (L. fortune), a representative macrofouling organism in freshwater environments, causes significant degradation to the surfaces of hydraulic engineering materials through prolonged adhesion. The corrosion behavior of L. fortunei on Q345 carbon steel in river water environments was investigated employing topography detection, rust layer identification, corrosion rate analysis, electrochemical measurements, and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. The results demonstrated that the attachment of mussels decreased the overall corrosion rate of the steel surface, but significantly aggravated pitting corrosion, a localized and highly destructive form of material degradation. The corrosion behavior of Q345 steel in a freshwater environment influenced by L. fortunei was primarily driven by the formation of a restricted microenvironment beneath the mussel shells, which promoted localized anion enrichment, bacterial colonization, and the accumulation of aggressive secretions. These factors collectively intensified electrochemical heterogeneity, accelerating pitting initiation and propagation. These findings emphasize the critical need for mitigation strategies to address localized corrosion caused by biofouling in hydraulic engineering applications.
Sodium new houttuyfonate inhibits pancreatic cancer by suppressing the MAPK pathway and tumor angiogenesis
Authors: Yu Xin , Jiang Lihong , Yang Xiaoyu 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose
Sodium new houttuyfonate (SNH) is derived from Houttuynia cordata Thunb. (HCT), which is a famous edible and medicinal plant in China. Although research findings suggest that SNH possesses anticancer properties, its role and mechanisms in pancreatic cancer remain unclear.
Methods
We investigated the effect of SNH on the malignant pancreatic cancer cell line PANC-1 using cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), colony formation, apoptosis assays, transwell migration and electron microscopy. Additionally, we generated a mouse xenograft model to verify the potential anticancer effect of SNH in vivo. Moreover, RNA sequencing, immunohistochemical assay, and western blotting were performed on tumor cells and tissues to elucidate the potential regulatory pathways of SNH in pancreatic cancer.
Results
SNH treatment suppressed the proliferation and invasive abilities of pancreatic cancer cells (PANC-1 and SW1990). Additionally, SNH treatment significantly downregulated Fibroblast Growth Factor 1 (FGF1) expression in tumor tissues and cell lines. In vivo and in vitro experiments confirmed that SNH inhibited pancreatic cancer cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis, thereby inhibiting tumor progression. Mechanistically, SNH downregulated FGF1 expression and inactivated the p38/MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) pathway, thereby reducing tumor angiogenesis.
Conclusion
Our study revealed the anticancer effect of SNH in pancreatic cancer and provides a potentially effective strategy for the treatment of pancreatic cancer.
Biogenic silver nanoparticles: Role of citric acid in nanoparticle stability and antimicrobial potency
Authors: Zeyadi Mustafa , Aldhahri Musab M. , Salwati Hamzah M. , Almulaiky Yaaser Q. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Nanotechnology has enabled the synthesis of novel materials with remarkable properties. Among these, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesized via green method have emerged as an alternative eco-friendly approach with minimal waste product. This study investigates the synthesis of AgNPs at room temperature using grape leaf aqueous extract as a reducing agent and citric acid as a stabilizer and structure guiding agent. The effects of varying citric acid concentrations (10, 30, and 50 mM) on nanoparticle size, stability, and antimicrobial activity were examined. Characterization techniques, including SEM, EDS, UV-Vis, Raman spectroscopy, and XRD, confirmed successful nanoparticle formation. The absorption spectra of the synthesized samples showed SPR peaks between (420 nm-500 nm). The structure and shape of silver nanoparticles was greatly influenced by citric acid concentration. Antimicrobial assays against MRSA, E. coli, and Candida albicans revealed that AgNPs synthesized without citric acid exhibited strong activity, with inhibition zones of 17 mm, 15.5 mm, and 18.5 mm, respectively. The addition of 10 mM citric acid enhanced bacterial inhibition, with zones of 17.5 mm for MRSA and 16 mm for E. coli, and 17 mm for Candida albicans). Higher citric acid concentrations (30 and 50 mM) led to nanoparticle aggregation and diminished antimicrobial efficacy. This study highlights the potential of optimizing citric acid levels to develop stable and effective AgNPs for medical and environmental applications.
Periodic crossbreeding between laboratory and wild populations enhances fitness in Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) infected with Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus (NPV-Hz)
Authors: Baca Carlos Ivan Rea- , Zuniga-Gonzalez Carlos Alberto , Baca-Lezama Petrona Ivania , Huerta Néstor Antonio , Laínez Ramón Ernesto Arróliga 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Helicoverpa zea is a polyphagous pest that causes damage to various crops during both flowering and fruiting stages. Despite being an economically significant pest in our country, studies on its biological and reproductive aspects have been limited. The general objective of this study was to determine the duration of the life cycle of Helicoverpa zea, host of the Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus (NPV-Hz), across three generations (G1, G2, and G3) under laboratory conditions from March to December 2020. The general objective of this study was to determine the duration of the life cycle of Helicoverpa zea, host of the Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus (NPV-Hz), across three generations (G1, G2, and G3) under laboratory conditions from March to December 2020.
Methodology:
The work began with the collection of biological material from corn crops, where third and fourth instar larvae were gathered and subsequently transferred to the quarantine laboratory. They underwent a quarantine process for two consecutive generations. After this, the insect breeding was moved to the rearing laboratory to evaluate the complete life cycle over three generations, ultimately establishing a breeding stock for the production of NPV-Hz. This was conducted in the noctuid insect rearing laboratory.
Results
The complete life cycle of Helicoverpa zea ranges from 40 to 46 days, with the following average durations: 4 days for the egg stage, 15 days for the larval stage, 11 days for the pupal stage, and 15 days for adults. Average oviposition rates per generation were 2,765 eggs for Generation I, 2,731 eggs for Generation II, and 2,881 eggs for Generation III, with the highest rate observed in Generation III. Average pupal weights increased progressively, with weight percentages of 32%, 33%, and 35% for Generations I, II, and III, respectively, indicating enhanced fitness in later generations due to periodic crossbreeding.
Research on Dynamic Characteristics of Drill String Rotation Orientation Tool
Authors: Tian Jialin , Li Qiaolin , Song Haolin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

To address the issue of low drilling efficiency in horizontal wells, a Drilling String Rotary Orientation Tool (DROT) has been proposed, and its dynamic characteristics have been comprehensively examined. The dynamic model of drill string system has been established, and the axial dynamic response characteristics of the drill string system both with and without DROT are analyzed. The findings indicate that when the axial displacement of each drill string unit stabilizes following the use of tools, both the upper and lower limits of axial displacement increase, while the width of the fluctuation interval decreases. Further analysis of the impact of weight on bit and rotary torque within the system indicates that variations in rotary torque exert a more pronounced influence on the drill string system. Additionally, it is observed that the fluctuation range of axial displacement diminishes as rotary torque increases. Finally, after analyzing the lower limit of axial displacement and the rate of wear degree reduction, it is observed that the drilling string system equipped with the tool exhibits a positive displacement increase ratio. Furthermore, the wear degree reduction rate consistently remains above 0.6. This indicates that the introduction of the tool significantly enhances its effectiveness in reducing friction and resistance.
Differences in Backcourt Forehand Clear Stroke between Novice Players and Experienced Badminton Players: Based on Body Segment Acceleration Data
Authors: Huang Hui , Guo Zhenxiang , Zhao Minchen , Liu Meng , Dai Jin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Bcakground: Backcourt forehand clear stroke is a fundamental technique in badminton, yet the biomechanical differences between novice and experienced players remain in-completely understood. This study aimed to compare the kinematic characteristics of body segment acceleration during the backcourt forehand clear stroke between these two groups.
Methods: Forty-five participants (22 novice players with less than 2 years of experi-ence and 23 experienced players with over 5 years of competitive experience) were equipped with wireless accelerometers on key body segments (foot, calf, thigh, hip, shoulder, upper arm, forearm). Each participant performed 5 backcourt forehand clear strokes, and acceleration data were collected at 100 Hz. The mean values from the 5 repetitions of the forehand clear stroke were used for subsequent statistical analysis to ensure reliability and reduce variability.
Results: The results revealed significant differences in movement patterns between the groups. Novices consistently exhibited greater ranges of motion (ROMs) across most body segments, particularly at the hip, thigh, calf, and shoulder, with differences along all axes (p < 0.05). Minimum and maximum accelera-tions were also greater in novices (p < 0.05). Conversely, experienced players demon-strated lower acceleration fluctuations and greater stability, particularly in the upper arm and forearm (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: These findings suggest that experienced players achieve more efficient movement patterns through refined motor control and reduced exces-sive motion. This research provides valuable insights for coaching interventions and technique refinement in badminton training programs, particularly for developing players.
Effects of different vegetation restoration types on soil bacterial communities and ecosystem functions in mining area
Authors: Bai Dong-sheng , Fan Qi-rui , Yan Min , Cao Hai-xia , Li Jun-jian 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

To investigate the characteristics of soil bacterial communities and ecosystem functions of different reclaimed vegetation types in reclaimed mine sites, we selected the surface soils of vegetation areas with no vegetation cover (CK), herbaceous plants (GL), poplar (GPL), and mixed forests (ML) as the research objects in this paper, and analyzed the characteristics of soil bacterial community diversity and composition and potential functions of soil bacterial communities in different vegetation types through high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA genes, and fitted a comprehensive fertility index through principal component analysis (PCA) to comprehensively evaluate the quality of soil fertility in various aspects. The results showed that: (1) There were significant differences (p < 0.05) in soil physicochemical characteristics among different vegetation types, with ML mixed forests having the highest organic carbon and total nitrogen contents and the lowest electrical conductivity. Soil effective phosphorus and effective potassium were highest in the GL herbaceous area, with significantly higher soil sucrase and urease activities. (2) Soil bacterial community characteristics differed significantly (p < 0.05) among vegetation types, with higher soil bacterial community diversity in GL herbaceous plants and lower diversity but highest co-occurrence network complexity in ML mixed forests; (3) KEGG enrichment analysis showed that the abundance of pathways related to carbon, nitrogen and sulphur metabolism were all higher in the soil of GL herbaceous plants, and lowest in GPL poplar; (4) The results of the integrated fertility index fitting showed that the integrated fertility index of soil ponds was highest in the soil of GL herbaceous plants, and lower in the other types of soils. In summary, different vegetation restoration types were able to improve soil quality and soil bacterial community diversity, and the herbaceous-restored surface soil had higher levels of fertility and bacterial community function, providing empirical data for subsequent vegetation restoration in the area.
Development and Validation of a Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Questionnaire for Venous Thromboembolism Prevention in Perinatal Women
Authors: Zhang Chenxi , Li Rong , Qian Feifei , Zhang Xuan , Zhou Na 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a significant complication among perinatal women. However, current tools for assessing VTE prevention are not suitable for pregnant women. In this study, we aim to develop and validate a VTE prevention knowledge, attitude and practice (VTE-KAP) questionnaire tailored to this population.
Methods
This study was conducted in two phases. Phase 1 involved creating a preliminary item pool through a literature review and group discussions, followed by expert consultations and a pre-survey. Phase 2 involved validating the questionnaire, which began by screening the items using correlation and factor analyses. Reliability was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient and retest reliability. Furthermore, structural validity was evaluated through exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses.
Results
The finalised VTE-KAP questionnaire consists of 37 items. The Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin measure of sampling adequacy was 0.751 for the knowledge dimension and 0.901 for the practice dimension. Bartlett’s test for sphericity confirmed statistical significance (p < 0.001). The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.913. Test-retest reliability for the overall questionnaire showed high stability, with coefficients for all dimensions exceeding 0.9 (0.993, 0.991, 0.988 and 0.994). Confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated the robust structural validity of the scale.
Conclusion
The VTE-KAP questionnaire is effective and reliable in psychometrics. It can scientifically evaluate the KAP related to VTE prevention in pregnant women.
Determination of the oxidation state of iron in calcic pyroxene using the electron microprobe flank method
Authors: Cao Yonghua , Xing Chang-Ming , Wang Christina Yan , Ping Xianquan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Pyroxene is an important carrier of ferric iron in basalt and the upper mantle. Understanding the influence of pyroxene crystallization on the oxygen fugacity of magma relies on accurate knowledge of the oxidation state of iron, expressed as the Fe3+/ΣFe ratio, in pyroxene. To accurately determine the Fe3+/ΣFe ratio in pyroxene using an electron probe microanalysis, we present nine natural pyroxene samples, including one aegirine, one hedenbergite, one diopside, and six augites, for the calibration of the flank method for pyroxene. The aegirine sample is rich in the aegirine end-member with an Fe3+/ΣFe ratio of 0.98 ± .01 (1σ), while the hedenbergite sample is rich in the hedenbergite end-member and free of ferric iron. The augite and diopside samples contain variable ferric iron, with the Fe3+/ΣFe ratios varying from 0.21 to 0.39. Based on the flank positions of FeLα and FeLβ determined by natural andradite and almandine, we measured the Fe Lβ/Lα ratios at the flank positions for the pyroxene samples. The results demonstrate a positive linear relationship between the Fe Lβ/Lα ratios and the Fe2+ content of the pyroxene samples. The Fe2+ contents and Fe3+/ΣFe ratios of the pyroxene samples, obtained through a multiple linear regression equation, align closely with those determined by Mössbauer spectroscopy. This method yields Fe2+ content and Fe3+/ΣFe ratios with an error of ±0.3 wt.% and ±0.06, respectively, for calcic pyroxene containing 7 wt.% total FeO. These well-characterized natural pyroxene samples can serve as reference materials for determining the Fe3+/ΣFe ratio in unknown calcic pyroxene.
Formation mechanism of boehmite and diaspore in karstic bauxites: trace element geochemistry in source materials using large sample geochemical dataset and random forest model
Authors: QI HUI , ZHANG SHENG-QIANG , LV KAI-NING , YUAN GUO-LI , DONG PEI-PEI , LI YING-JIE , LI JUN , LIU XUE-FEI 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Boehmite and diaspore are the two economic ore minerals of karstic bauxites. Although their genesis has been studied from different perspectives, their formation mechanism is controversial. Random forest (RF) model of machine learning was employed to extract the combining characteristics of trace elements in boehmite-type bauxite (BTB) and diaspore-type bauxite (DTB). The BTB predominantly exhibits higher median concentrations of Co, Ni, V, and Cr, while the DTB exhibits a more significant enrichment in elements of U, Hf, Th, and Zr. Combining the characteristics of La/Yb and Ga/Al ratios, it is found that disparities between BTB and DTB are mirroring to those between basic rocks and intermediate-felsic rocks. Furthermore, the Zr-Cr-Ga diagram and Ni/Zr versus Cr/Zr plot were utilized to examine the correlation between karstic bauxite (BTB or DTB), lateritic bauxite, and their respective weathered parent rocks. It is found that BTB exhibits consistent characteristics with lateritic bauxite weathered from basic rock and its parent rocks. Similarly, DTB displays consistent characteristics with lateritic bauxite weathered from intermediate-felsic rock and its parent rocks. Through studying the relationship between Ni content and Fe3+/Fe2+ ratios, it has been discovered that the presence of trace elements like Ni in source materials can affect or regulate ore-forming process, ultimately driving the transformation of gibbsite into either boehmite or diaspore. Consequently, the formation of BTB and DTB is significantly influenced, or even governed, by the composition of their source materials. Our study initially highlights a novel insight into the significant impact of source material’s geochemical composition on the formation of boehmite and diaspore, which is associated with weathered igneous rocks categories.
Compactness of quantics tensor train representations of local imaginary-time propagators
Authors: Takahashi Haruto , Sakurai Rihito , Shinaoka Hiroshi 
Published: January 2025

Space-time dependence of imaginary-time propagators, vital for ab initio and many-body calculations based on quantum field theories, has been revealed to be compressible using Quantum Tensor Trains (QTTs) [Phys. Rev. X 13, 021015 (2023)]. However, the impact of system parameters, like temperature, on data size remains underexplored. This paper provides a comprehensive numerical analysis of the compactness of local imaginary-time propagators in QTT for one-time/-frequency objects and two-time/-frequency objects, considering truncation in terms of the Frobenius and maximum norms. To study worst-case scenarios, we employ random pole models, where the number of poles grows logarithmically with the inverse temperature and coefficients are random. The Green’s functions generated by these models are expected to be more difficult to compress than those from physical systems. The numerical analysis reveals that these propagators are highly compressible in QTT, outperforming the state-of-the-art approaches such as intermediate representation and discrete Lehmann reprensentation. For one-time/-frequency objects and two-time/-frequency objects, the bond dimensions saturate at low temperatures, especially for truncation in terms of the Frobenius norm. We provide counting-number arguments for the saturation of bond dimensions for the one-time/-frequency objects, while the origin of this saturation for two-time/-frequency objects remains to be clarified. This paper’s findings highlight the critical need for further research on the selection of truncation methods, tolerance levels, and the choice between imaginary-time and imaginary-frequency representations in practical applications.