bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low‐Temperature Fabrication of Bulk‐Type All‐Solid‐State Lithium‐Ion Battery Utilizing Nanosized Garnet Solid Electrolytes
Authors: Akimoto Junji , Akao Tadayoshi , Kataoka Kunimitsu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractGarnet‐type Li7La3Zr2O12 (LLZ) materials are attracting attention as solid electrolytes (SEs) in oxide‐based all‐solid‐state batteries (ASSBs) owing to their high ionic conductivity. Although the electrochemical stability of LLZ against Li metal is demonstrated with possible high energy density, high‐temperature sintering above 1000 °C, which is required to achieve high Li‐ion conductivity, results in the formation of insulating impurities at the electrode–electrolyte interfaces. Here, nanosized fine‐particle samples of Ta‐substituted Li6.5La3Zr1.5Ta0.5O12 (LLZT) are successfully prepared at a remarkably low temperature of 400 °C utilizing an amorphous precursor oxide. The dense LLZT SE sintered by hot pressing at 500 °C shows room‐temperature Li‐ion conductivity of 1.03 × 10−4 S cm−1 without any additives. In addition, the bulk‐type NCM–graphite full battery cell fabricated with the LLZT fine particles through a hot‐pressing sintering method at 550 °C exhibits a good charge–discharge performance at room temperature with the bulk‐type areal discharge capacity of 0.831 mAh cm−2. The nanosized garnet SE strategy demonstrated in this study paves the way for the formation of oxide‐based ASSBs by low‐temperature sintering.
A Highly Transparent Photo‐Electro‐Thermal Film with Broadband Selectivity for All‐Day Anti‐/De‐Icing
Authors: Lin Chongjia , Ma Wei , Zhang Yinglun , LAW Man‐Kwan , Li Cruz Y. , Li Yang , Chen Zengshun , Li Keqiao , Li Meng , Zheng Jiongzhi , Fu Yunfei , Yan Xiao , Chi Cheng , Yang Jinglei , Li Weihong , Yao Shuhuai , Huang Baoling 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA photo‐ and electro‐thermal film can convert sunlight and electricity into heat to solve icing problems. Combination of them provides an efficient strategy for all‐day anti‐/de‐icing. However, only opaque surfaces have been reported, due to the mutual exclusiveness between photon absorption and transmission. Herein, a highly transparent and scalable solution‐processed photo‐electro‐thermal film is reported, which exhibits an ultra‐broadband selective spectrum to separate the visible light from sunlight and a countertrend suppress of emission in longer wavelength. It absorbs ≈ 85% of invisible sunlight (ultraviolet and near‐infrared) for light‐heat conversion, meanwhile maintains luminous transmittance > 70%. The reflection of mid‐infrared leads to low emissivity (0.41), which further preserves heat on the surface for anti‐/de‐icing purpose. This ultra‐broadband selectivity enables temperature elevation > 40 °C under 1‐sun illumination and the mutual support between photo‐thermal and electro‐thermal effects contributes to > 50% saving of electrical consumption under weak solar exposure (0.4‐sun) for maintaining unfrozen surfaces at −35 °C environment. The reverberation from photo‐electro‐thermal and super‐hydrophobic effects illustrates a lubricating removal of grown ice in short time (< 120 s). The self‐cleaning ability and the durability under mechanical, electrical, optical, and thermal stresses render the film stable for long‐term usage in all‐day anti‐/de‐icing applications.
Giant Energy Storage Density with Antiferroelectric‐Like Properties in BNT‐Based Ceramics via Phase Structure Engineering
Authors: Tang Luomeng , Yu Ziyi , Pan Zhongbin , Zhao Jinghao , Fu Zhenqian , Chen Xiqi , Li Huanhuan , Li Peng , Liu Jinjun , Zhai Jiwei 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDriven by the information industry, advanced electronic devices require dielectric materials which combine both excellent energy storage properties and high temperature stability. These requirements hold the most promise for ceramic capacitors. Among these, the modulated Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3 (BNT)‐based ceramics can demonstrate favorable energy storage properties with antiferroelectric‐like properties, simultaneously, attaching superior temperature stability resulted from the high Curie temperature. Inspired by the above properties, a strategy is proposed to modulate antiferroelectric‐like properties via introducing Ca0.7La0.2TiO3 (CLT) into Bi0.395Na0.325Sr0.245TiO3 (BNST) ((1−x)BNST‐xCLT, x = 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25). Combining both orthorhombic phase and defect dipole designs successfully achieve antiferroelectric‐like properties in BNST‐CLT ceramics. The results illustrate that 0.8BNST‐0.2CLT presents superior recoverable energy storage density ≈8.3 J cm−3 with the ideal η ≈ 80% at 660 kV cm−1. Structural characterizations demonstrate that there is the intermediate modulated phase with the coexistence of the antiferroelectric and ferroelectric phases. In addition, in situ temperature measurements prove that BNST‐CLT ceramics exhibit favorable temperature stability over a wide temperature range. The present work illustrates that BNT‐based ceramics with antiferroelectric‐like properties can effectively enhance the energy storage performance, which provides novel perspectives for the subsequent development of advanced pulsed capacitors.
Optimizing Eg Orbital Occupancy of Transition Metal Sulfides by Building Internal Electric Fields to Adjust the Adsorption of Oxygenated Intermediates for Li‐O2 Batteries
Authors: Zhou Zhaorui , Zhao Lanling , Wang Jun , Zhang Yiming , Li Yebing , Shoukat Sana , Han Xue , Long Yuxin , Liu Yao 
Published: June 2023

AbstractLi‐O2 batteries are acknowledged as one of the most promising energy systems due to their high energy density approaching that of gasoline, but the poor battery efficiency and unstable cycling performance still hinder their practical application. In this work, hierarchical NiS2‐MoS2 heterostructured nanorods are designed and successfully synthesized, and it is found that heterostructure interfaces with internal electric fields between NiS2 and MoS2 optimized eg orbital occupancy, effectively adjusting the adsorption of oxygenated intermediates to accelerate reaction kinetics of oxygen evolution reaction and oxygen reduction reaction. Structure characterizations coupled with density functional theory calculations reveal that highly electronegative Mo atoms on NiS2‐MoS2 catalyst can capture more eg electrons from Ni atoms, and induce lower eg occupancy enabling moderate adsorption strength toward oxygenated intermediates. It is evident that hierarchical NiS2‐MoS2 nanostructure with fancy built‐in electric fields significantly boosted formation and decomposition of Li2O2 during cycling, which contributed to large specific capacities of 16528/16471 mAh g−1 with 99.65% coulombic efficiency and excellent cycling stability of 450 cycles at 1000 mA g−1. This innovative heterostructure construction provides a reliable strategy to rationally design transition metal sulfides by optimizing eg orbital occupancy and modulating adsorption toward oxygenated intermediates for efficient rechargeable Li‐O2 batteries.
Development and validation of a liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method of a panel of commonly prescribed benzodiazepines in urine samples
Authors: Karakukcu Cigdem , Saracoglu Hatice 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBenzodiazepines are one of the most prescribed for therapeutic purposes and the most abused drugs. Therefore, liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry–based methods that analyze several benzodiazepines simultaneously are required. In this study, we developed a simple, full validated in‐house method in a single‐triple quadrupole platform SCIEX QTRAP 4500 system for the simultaneous detection and quantification of the 10 most prescribed benzodiazepines within a 10‐min run time. The linear range was 12.5–500 ng/mL. All limits of detection were below 4.03 ng/mL and limits of quantitation below 12.22 ng/mL, except clobazam (7.27 and 22.04 ng/mL, respectively). Both the limit of detection and quantitation were lowest for diazepam (0.95 and 2.89 ng/mL, respectively). The method was evaluated for accuracy, precision, carry‐over, recovery, stability, and matrix effects, and all validation studies met internationally acceptable criteria. The applicability of the method was proven by analyzing authentic urine samples, internal, and third‐party external quality samples. This precise, accurate, shorter total run time and ease of urine sample analysis method is applicable in detecting most prescribed benzodiazepines and their metabolites even in glucuronide forms.
Behavior of reinforced concrete walls with integrated tubing system
Authors: Chen An , Zhang Yinglong , Wu Hao , Wang Zhe 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA novel tuned liquid wall damper (TLWD) system was developed by incorporating liquid‐filled tubes within concrete walls to improve structural performance versus motion. However, the placement of the hollow tubes within a concrete wall introduces voids, and their effect on the general structural performance of the multifunctional concrete structure is not well understood. The objective of this paper is to further the understanding of reinforced concrete walls equipped with such tubing systems. To this end, experimental testing was performed on three pairs of reinforced concrete walls with circular openings. One pair was tested for four‐point bending, one for axial compression, and the other for pushover. Cracking, failure load, and failure mode were monitored during testing. Finite element (FE) models were developed and correlated with testing results, and results numerically compared against conventional, solid concrete walls also through FE modeling. Results showed that concrete walls with circular opening performed similarly to solid walls for strength, whereas the reduction in strength caused by the tubes did not have significant adverse effects. The strength reduction of the RC wall panel with integrated tubing system is dependent on the configuration of integrated tubing system and the loading condition such as bending moment, axial compression, and in‐plane shear. Finally, the strengths of the walls with openings were calculated following ACI Code, which were compared with those from the test. Overall, results showed that a tuned liquid column damping system can be integrated within a concrete wall to create a TLWD, with the wall preserving its structural function.
Effect of silica fume and waste rubber on the performance of slag‐based geopolymer mortars under high temperatures
Authors: Sağır Mehmet Akif , Karakoç Mehmet Burhan , Özcan Ahmet , Ekinci Enes , Yolcu Abdurrahman 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this study, the fire resistance of slag‐based geopolymer mortars was investigated and the effect of silica fume (SF) and waste rubber (WR) on this resistance was determined. In slag‐based geopolymer mortars activated using 12M NaOH solution, 0%, 5%, and 10% by weight SF was substituted for slag; 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15% WR by volume were substituted for fine aggregate. The samples that completed the curing period were exposed to temperatures of 250°C, 500°C, and 750°C for 1 h, and the mechanical (compressive, flexural and splitting tensile strengths, and impact resistance), physical (weight change and sorptivity) and microstructure (scanning electron microscopy [SEM] and energy dispersive spectroscopy [EDS]) properties of these samples were examined. The compressive strengths of the samples without WR were between 48.10 and 60.97 MPa, and the samples without SF were between 28.52 and 48.10 MPa. Strength losses at 750°C were between 51.5% and 73.5%. As the SF substitution increased, the samples' mechanical and physical properties improved, whereas as the WR substitution increased, the samples' mechanical and physical properties declined. While the SF substitution had a positive effect on the fire resistance of the samples, the WR substitution had a negative effect. It is thought that the choice of geopolymer binder as a binder in the mortar and the use of waste tires as aggregate contribute to the literature in terms of both preventing environmental pollution and ensuring the recycling of these materials.
Opposing growth trends in juvenile and mature Humpback Whitefish within the upper Tanana River drainage, Alaska, revealed using otolith biochronology
Authors: Drew Katie A. , Brown Randy J. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
Within areas of Alaska, Humpback Whitefish Coregonus pidschian are an important subsistence resource for many Alaska Native communities. Recently, Humpback Whitefish in the upper Tanana River drainage were reported to be smaller at a given age and reach smaller maximum sizes than fish sampled 20 years ago. The objective of this study was to identify the factors that influence annual growth of Humpback Whitefish within the upper Tanana River drainage based on an analysis of otolith increments.

Methods
A series of mixed-effects models were used to determine the relative importance of biotic (i.e., age, age at capture) and abiotic (i.e., year, sampling time period) factors on the growth of Humpback Whitefish. Juvenile (&lt;5 years of age) and mature (≥5 years of age) growth periods were examined separately due to the unique habitats occupied by each life stage. Climate variables were correlated with the mature Humpback Whitefish biochronology to assess environmental drivers of adult growth.

Result
Biochronologies spanning over three decades (1982–2018) revealed patterns of variation in Humpback Whitefish otolith growth across years. A negative temporal trend spanning the entire study period was evident for juvenile growth, while a mostly positive trend was observed for mature growth. Between time periods, otolith growth was significantly different from zero for juvenile (estimate: −0.087; 95% CI = −0.151 to −0.023) but not mature (estimate: −0.030; 95% CI: −0.092 to 0.032) growth periods. Several environmental factors were positively (i.e., mean monthly temperature, growth degree days) and negatively (e.g., snow depth) correlated with the mature Humpback Whitefish biochronology. However, the model with mean April snow depth was the best-performing environmental model.

Conclusion
These results suggest years with elevated snow depths negatively impact mature Humpback Whitefish growth. Cumulatively, these results illustrate the importance of juvenile growth periods and how early-in-life declines in growth may not be offset by above average growth as adults and help further our understanding of how environmental conditions influence growth.
Determining groundwater recharge for quantifying PFAS mass discharge from unsaturated source zones
Authors: Newell Charles J. , Stockwell Emily B. , Alanis Jessica , Adamson David T. , Walker Kenneth L. , Anderson R. Hunter 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSoil‐to‐groundwater contaminant mass discharge (Md) is the authoritative metric defining source strength at sites impacted by per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and is increasingly being reported. Accurate estimates of groundwater recharge at representative spatial scales, however, is critical to quantitatively estimating Md, which to date has received comparatively little attention relative to PFAS‐specific partitioning and retention processes within unsaturated zone source areas despite a plethora of available literature. The objective of this review is to summarize the concept of Md as it applies to PFAS‐impacted sites, present standardized terminology, and collate published literature on groundwater recharge for a practitioner‐level summary of practical methods. Critically, the primary aim is to reduce uncertainty in recharge (and, thus, Md) estimates commensurate to a given site management application (i.e., the data quality objective process). Therefore, we propose a tiered system of increasing cost, complexity, and certainty depending on specific project requirements and site conditions and recommend applicable recharge methods for each tier based on these factors. Ultimately, a framework is presented for the assessment of PFAS‐impacted source areas based on the concept of Md.
Progress of CRISPR‐based programmable RNA manipulation and detection
Authors: Wang Beibei , Yang Hui 
Published: June 2023

AbstractProkaryotic clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR associated (CRISPR‐Cas) systems provide adaptive immunity by using RNA‐guided endonucleases to recognize and eliminate invading foreign nucleic acids. Type II Cas9, type V Cas12, type VI Cas13, and type III Csm/Cmr complexes have been well characterized and developed as programmable platforms for selectively targeting and manipulating RNA molecules of interest in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. These Cas effectors exhibit remarkable diversity of ribonucleoprotein (RNP) composition, target recognition and cleavage mechanisms, and self discrimination mechanisms, which are leveraged for various RNA targeting applications. Here, we summarize the current understanding of mechanistic and functional characteristics of these Cas effectors, give an overview on RNA detection and manipulation toolbox established so far including knockdown, editing, imaging, modification, and mapping RNA‐protein interactions, and discuss the future directions for CRISPR‐based RNA targeting tools.This article is categorized under:
RNA Methods > RNA Analyses in Cells
RNA Processing > RNA Editing and Modification
RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > Protein‐RNA Interactions: Functional Implications
Brittle membranes in finite elasticity
Authors: Almi Stefano , Reggiani Dario , Solombrino Francesco 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis work is devoted to the variational derivation of a reduced model for brittle membranes in finite elasticity. The main mathematical tools we develop for our analysis are: (i) a new density result in of functions satisfying a maximal‐rank constraint on the subgradients, which can be approximated by C1‐local immersions on regular subdomains of the cracked set, and (ii) the construction of recovery sequences by means of suitable diffeomorphisms mapping the regular subdomains onto the fractured configuration.
From Forbidden to Cure-All
Authors: Hallonsten Olof 
Published: June 2023

AbstractInnovation was not always viewed positively in society and the economy. In fact, there is evidence that for the better part of human history it was viewed as a threat, and generally forbidden. Only in the past century has innovation risen to prominence, first as a concept and explanatory model in economics, and later as a cure-all in economic policymaking, in the wake of economic crises and the growing global competitiveness between nations, regions, and industries. This chapter accounts for the transformation of the concept of innovation from forbidden to cure-all, including a historicization and conceptualization of the basics of innovation policy.
Risk factors for thromboembolic complications in isolated severe head injury
Authors: Jakob Dominik A. , Müller Martin , Lewis Meghan , Wong Monica D. , Exadaktylos Aristomenis K. , Demetriades Demetrios 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) are at high risk for venous thromboembolism (VTE). The aim of the present study is to identify factors independently associated with VTE events. Specifically, we hypothesized that the mechanism of penetrating head trauma might be an independent factor associated with increased VTE events when compared with blunt head trauma.

Methods
The ACS-TQIP database (2013–2019) was queried for all patients with isolated severe head injuries (AIS 3–5) who received VTE prophylaxis with either unfractionated heparin or low-molecular-weight heparin. Transfers, patients who died within 72 h and those with a hospital length of stay < 48 h were excluded. Multivariable analysis was used as the primary analysis to identify independent risk factors for VTE in isolated severe TBI.

Results
A total of 75,570 patients were included in the study, 71,593 (94.7%) with blunt and 3977 (5.3%) with penetrating isolated TBI. Penetrating trauma mechanism (OR 1.49, CI 95% 1.26–1.77), increasing age (age 16–45: reference; age > 45–65: OR 1.65, CI 95% 1.48–1.85; age > 65–75: OR 1.71, CI 95% 1.45–2.02; age > 75: OR 1.73, CI 95% 1.44–2.07), male gender (OR 1.53, CI 95% 1.36–1.72), obesity (OR 1.35, CI 95% 1.22–1.51), tachycardia (OR 1.31, CI 95% 1.13–1.51), increasing head AIS (AIS 3: reference; AIS 4: OR 1.52, CI 95% 1.35–1.72; AIS 5: OR 1.76, CI 95% 1.54–2.01), associated moderate injuries (AIS = 2) of the abdomen (OR 1.31, CI 95% 1.04–1.66), spine (OR 1.35, CI 95% 1.19–1.53), upper extremity (OR 1.16, CI 95% 1.02–1.31), lower extremity (OR 1.46, CI 95% 1.26–1.68), craniectomy/craniotomy or ICP monitoring (OR 2.96, CI 95% 2.65–3.31) and pre-existing hypertension (OR 1.18, CI 95% 1.05–1.32) were identified as independent risk factors for VTE complications in isolated severe head injury. Increasing GCS (OR 0.93, CI 95% 0.92–0.94), early VTE prophylaxis (OR 0.48, CI 95% 0.39–0.60) and LMWH compared to heparin (OR 0.74, CI 95% 0.68–0.82) were identified as protective factors for VTE complications.

Conclusion
The identified factors independently associated with VTE events in isolated severe TBI need to be considered in VTE prevention measures. In penetrating TBI, an even more aggressive VTE prophylaxis management may be justified as compared to that in blunt.
In vitro evaluation of a computer-assisted decision support system for the primary care of polytrauma patients
Authors: Vogel Christoph , Neumann Juliane , Kießling Lisa , Hempel Gunther , Neumuth Thomas , Kleber Christian , Osterhoff Georg 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Introduction
The management of polytraumatized patients is set in a stressful environment with numerous critical decisions in a brief amount of time. Working along a standardised procedure can improve the outcome for these patients and reduce mortality. To help clinical practitioners, we developed “TraumaFlow”, a workflow management system for the primary care of polytrauma patients based on the current treatment guidelines. This study sought to validate the system and investigate its effect on user performance and perceived workload.

Methods
The computer-assisted decision support system was tested in two scenarios in a trauma room of a level 1 trauma centre by 11 final-year medical students and 3 residents. In simulated polytrauma scenarios, the participants functioned as a trauma leader. The first scenario was performed without decision support and the second with support by “TraumaFlow” via tablet. During each scenario, the performance was evaluated in a standardized assessment. After each scenario, the participants answered a questionnaire on workload [NASA Raw Task Load Index (NASA RTLX)].

Results
In total, 14 participants (mean 28 ± 4 years, 43% female) managed 28 scenarios. During the first scenario without computer-assisted support, the participants achieved a mean of 6.6 out of 12 points (SD 1.2, range 5 to 9). With the support of TraumaFlow, the mean performance score was significantly higher with 11.6 out of 12 points (SD 0.5, range 11 to 12, p < 0.001). In the 14 scenarios performed without support, there was no run in which no errors were made. In comparison, ten of the 14 scenarios performed with TraumaFlow ran free of relevant errors. The mean improvement in the performance score was 42%. There was a significant decrease in the mean self-reported mental stress level in scenarios with support of TraumaFlow (55, SD 24) as compared to scenarios without support (72, SD 13, p = 0.041).

Conclusion
In a simulated environment, computer-assisted decision-making improved the performance of the trauma leader, helped to adhere to clinical guidelines, and reduced stress in a fast-acting environment. In reality, this may improve the treatment outcome for the patient.