bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cancer incidence and type of treatment hospital among children, adolescents, and young adults in Japan, 2016–2018
Authors: Nakata Kayo , Matsuda Tomohiro , Hori Megumi , Sugiyama Hiromi , Tabuchi Ken , Miyashiro Isao , Matsumoto Kimikazu , Yoneda Akihiro , Takita Junko , Shimizu Chikako , Katanoda Kota 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCancer in children, adolescents, and young adults (AYAs) although rare, is the leading disease‐specific cause of death in Japan. This study aims to investigate cancer incidence and type of treatment hospital among children and AYAs in Japan. Cancer incidence data (2016–2018) for those aged 0–39 years were obtained from the Japanese population‐based National Cancer Registry. Cancer types were classified according to the 2017 update of the International Classification of Childhood Cancer (Third Edition), and AYA Site Recode 2020 Revision. Cases were also categorized into three groups: those treated at core hospitals for pediatric cancer treatment (pediatric cancer hospitals [PCHs]), those treated at designated cancer care hospitals, and those treated at nondesignated hospitals. The age‐standardized incidence rate was 166.6 (per million‐person years) for children (age 0–14 years) and 579.0 for AYAs (age 15–39 years) (including all cancers and benign or uncertain‐behavior central nervous system [CNS] tumors). The type of cancer varied with age: hematological malignancies, blastomas, and CNS tumors were common in children under 10 years, malignant bone tumors and soft tissue sarcomas were relatively common in teenagers, and in young adults over 20 years, carcinomas in thyroid, testis, gastrointestinal, female cervix, and breast were common. The proportion of cases treated at PCHs ranged from 20% to 30% for children, 10% or less for AYAs, and differed according to age group and cancer type. Based on this information, the optimal system of cancer care should be discussed.
Concern for mianzi: Relations with adjustment in rural and urban Chinese adolescents
Authors: Chen Xinyin , Zhou Jiaxi , Li Dan , Liu Junsheng , Zhang Minghao , Zheng Shujie , Han Xianguo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe present study examined relations between concern for mianzi, or the social perception of one's prestige and standing in the group, and adjustment in Chinese adolescents. Participants were seventh‐ and ninth‐grade students in rural and urban regions of China (n = 794, Mage = 14 years). Data were obtained from multiple sources including peer assessments, teacher ratings, self‐reports, and school records. The results showed that concern for mianzi was associated with social competence, leadership, academic achievement, as well as aggression and mixed peer relationships in rural adolescents. In contrast, concern for mianzi was associated with comprehensive social, school, and psychological adjustment problems in urban adolescents. The results indicate the role of context in shaping the relations between adolescents' concern for mianzi and adjustment.
Exploring academic and cognitive skills impacting retention and acquisition of word‐problem knowledge gained during or after intervention
Authors: Lin Xin , Powell Sarah R. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn the present study, we investigated the impact of a word‐problem intervention in retention and acquisition of knowledge after the intervention ended. We based analyses upon Grade 4 students experiencing mathematics difficulty (average age at pretest = 8.77) who received one of two variants of a word‐problem intervention (with [n = 111] vs. without [n = 110] embedded pre‐algebraic reasoning instruction) and students within a business‐as‐usual condition (BaU [n = 127]) separately. Findings revealed that students who received the intervention not only tended to retain less, but they also showed more active knowledge acquisition after the intervention ended. Furthermore, word‐problem intervention altered the contributions of some prior knowledge and skills on both retention and acquisition.
Filling the gap: Genetic risk assessment in hypercholesterolemia using LDL‐C and LPA genetic scores
Authors: Schwaninger Gunda , Forer Lukas , Ebenbichler Christoph , Dieplinger Hans , Kronenberg Florian , Zschocke Johannes , Witsch‐Baumgartner Martina 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRoutine genetic testing in hypercholesterolemia patients reveals a causative monogenic variant in less than 50% of affected individuals. Incomplete genetic characterization is partly due to polygenic factors influencing low‐density‐lipoprotein‐cholesterol (LDL‐C). Additionally, functional variants in the LPA gene affect lipoprotein(a)‐associated cholesterol concentrations but are difficult to determine due to the complex structure of the LPA gene. In this study we examined whether complementing standard sequencing with the analysis of genetic scores associated with LDL‐C and Lp(a) concentrations improves the diagnostic output in hypercholesterolemia patients. 1.020 individuals including 252 clinically diagnosed hypercholesterolemia patients from the FH Register Austria were analyzed by massive‐parallel‐sequencing of candidate genes combined with array genotyping, identifying nine novel variants in LDLR. For each individual, validated genetic scores associated with elevated LDL‐C and Lp(a) were calculated based on imputed genotypes. Integrating these scores especially the score for Lp(a) increased the proportion of individuals with a clearly defined disease etiology to 68.8% compared to 46.6% in standard genetic testing. The study highlights the major role of Lp(a) in disease etiology in clinically diagnosed hypercholesterolemia patients, of which parts are misclassified. Screening for monogenic causes of hypercholesterolemia and genetic scores for LDL‐C and Lp(a) permits more precise diagnosis, allowing individualized treatment.
Relationship between the magnitude of body mass index reductions and remission in patients with type 2 diabetes in real world settings: Analysis of nationwide patient registry in Japan (JDDM74)
Authors: Fujihara Kazuya , Khin Laymon , Murai Koshiro , Yamazaki Yurie , Tsuruoka Kahori , Yagyuda Noriko , Yamazaki Katsuya , Maegawa Hiroshi , Tanaka Shiro , Kodama Satoru , Sone Hirohito ,   JDDM Study Group
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimsTo determine the association between the magnitude of weight loss and incidence of remission according to baseline characteristics in patients with diabetes in clinical settings.MethodsIn total, 39 676 Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes aged ≥18 years with glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) ≥6.5% and/or glucose‐lowering drug prescription were identified from databases of specialists' clinics from 1989 and followed until September 2022. Remission was diagnosed as maintaining HbA1c <6.5% at least 3 months after cessation of a glucose‐lowering drug. Factors associated with remission were evaluated by logistic regression analysis according to weight change in 1 year (i.e. ≥10%, 7.0‐9.9%, 3.0‐6.9% reduction, <3% change and ≥3.0% increase).ResultsDuring the study period, 3454 remissions occurred. The rates of remission were higher in the group with the greatest reduction of body mass index (BMI) in any category examined (i.e. baseline BMI, HbA1c, duration of diabetes and treatment). The incidences of remission per 1000 person‐years were about 25 and 50, respectively, for those with BMI ≥22.5 and reductions in BMI of 7.0‐9.9% and ≥10% in 1 year. Remissions per 1000 person‐years were 99.2 and 91.8, respectively, for those with baseline HbA1c of 6.5‐6.9 and a 10% BMI reduction and those not taking glucose‐lowering drugs accompanied by a 10% BMI reduction.ConclusionsModest weight losses of 3.0‐7.9% were significantly associated with remission, but a minimum of 10% weight loss would be required in addition to an early diagnosis to achieve a 10% remission rate in clinical settings. Our results implied that remission may be expected with a relatively lower BMI in an Asian population compared with that was reported in Western populations if accompanied by weight loss.
Computed tomography is better than echocardiography in predicting balloon‐expandable transcutaneous implantation valve size in a real‐world clinical practice single‐center study
Authors: Medilek Karel , Bis Josef , Polansky Pavel , Kvasnicka Tomas , Borg Alex , Dusek Jaroslav , Brtko Miroslav , Tuna Martin , Praus Rudolf , Ballon Marek , Stasek Josef , Littnerova Simona , Parizek Petr 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimsTranscatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has become the standard of care for selected patients with severe aortic stenosis. Multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) and transoesophageal 2D/3D (two‐dimensional/three‐dimensional) echocardiography (ECHO) are used for aortic annulus (AA) sizing. The aim of this study was to compare the accuracy of AA sizing by ECHO versus MDCT for Edwards Sapien balloon expandable valve in a single center.Methods and resultsData from 145 consecutive patients with TAVR (Sapien XT or Sapien S3) were analyzed retrospectively. A total of 139 (96%) patients had favorable outcomes after TAVR (at most mild aortic regurgitation and only one valve implanted). The 3D ECHO AA area and area‐derived diameter were smaller than the corresponding MDCT parameters (464 ± 99 vs. 479 ± 88 mm2, p < .001, and 24.2 ± 2.7 vs. 25.0 ± 5.5 mm, p = .002, respectively). The 2D ECHO annulus measurement was smaller than both the MDCT and 3D ECHO area‐derived diameters (22.6 ± 2.9 vs. 25.0 ± 5.5 mm, p = .013, and 22.6 ± 2.9 vs. 24.2 ± 2.7 mm, p < .001, respectively) but larger than the minor axis diameter of the AA derived from MDCT and 3D ECHO by multiplanar reconstruction (p < .001). The 3D ECHO circumference‐derived diameter was also smaller than the MDCT circumference‐derived diameter (24.3 ± 2.5 vs. 25.0 ± 2.3, p = .007). The sphericity index by 3D ECHO was smaller than that by MDCT (1.2 ± .1 vs. 1.3 ± .1, p < .001). In up to 1/3 of the patients, 3D ECHO measurements would have predicted different (generally smaller) valve size than was the valve size implanted with favorable result. The concordance of the implanted valve size with the recommended size based on preprocedural MDCT and 3D ECHO AA area was 79.4% versus 61% (p = .001), and for the area‐derived diameter, the concordance was 80.1% versus 61.7% (p = .001). 2D ECHO diameter concordance was similar to MDCT (78.7%).Conclusions3D ECHO AA measurements are smaller than MDCT measurements. If 3D ECHO‐based parameters alone are used to size the Edwards Sapien balloon expandable valve, then the selected valve size would have been smaller than the valve size implanted with favorable result in 1/3 of the patients. MDCT preprocedural TAVR assessment should be the preferred method over 3D ECHO in routine clinical practice to determine Edwards Sapien valve size.
Role of two‐dimensional strain echocardiographic parameters in suspected acute coronary syndrome patients with initial non‐diagnostic electrocardiogram and troponins: An observational study
Authors: Tandon Rohit , Singal Gautam , Chand Arya Rajesh , Sachdeva Sidhant , Goyal Abhishek , Takkar Chhabra Shibba , Aslam Naved , Singh Wander Gurpreet , Mohan Bishav , Batta Akash 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntroductionDiagnosis of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is often challenging especially in presence of initial normal troponins and non‐specific electrocardiogram. The index study aimed at determining the diagnostic value of strain echocardiography in patients with suspected ACS but with non‐diagnostic electrocardiogram and echocardiography findings.MethodsThe study was conducted on 42 patients with suspected ACS and non‐diagnostic electrocardiograms, normal quantitative troponin‐T levels, and left ventricular function. All patients underwent conventional and 2D‐strain echocardiography followed by coronary angiography, within 24 h of admission. Patients with regional wall motion abnormalities (RWMA), valvular heart disease, suspected myocarditis, and past coronary artery disease (CAD) were excluded.ResultsAmongst the global strains, the global circumferential strain (GCS) was significantly reduced (p = .014) amongst those with significant CAD on angiography as opposed to global longitudinal strain (GLS) which was similar in the two groups (p = .33). The GCS/GLS ratio was also significantly reduced in patients with significant CAD compared to those with normal/mild disease on coronary angiography (p = .025). Both the parameters had good accuracy in predicting significant CAD. GCS displayed a sensitivity of 80% and a specificity of 86% at an optimal cut‐off 31.5% (AUROC: .93, 95% CI: .601–1.000; p = .03), and likewise GCS/GLS ratio had a sensitivity of 80% and a specificity and 86% at a cut‐off of 1.89% (AUROC: .86, 95% CI: .592–1.000; p = .049). GLS and peak atrial longitudinal strain (PALS) did not differ significantly in patients with/without significant CAD (p = .32 and .58, respectively).ConclusionGCS and GCS/GLS ratio provides incremental value in comparison to GLS, PALS, and tissue Doppler indices (E/e’) in patients with suspected ACS and non‐diagnostic electrocardiogram and troponins. GCS at cut‐off of >31.5% and GCS/GLS ratio >1.89 can reliably exclude patients with significant CAD in this setting.
The effect of chief executive officers' regulatory focus on the entrepreneurial orientation of small and medium‐sized enterprises
Authors: Huang Shuangfa , Huang Qihai , Soetanto Danny , Li Xinchun 
Published: July 2023

AbstractEntrepreneurial orientation (EO) has been identified as a central construct to understand how firms compete and perform effectively in increasingly competitive environments. Drawing on regulatory focus theory, this study examines how chief executive officers' (CEOs') regulatory focus, a motivational attribute that entails a promotion focus for growth and a prevention focus for safety, affects the EO of small and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs). Results from 110 UK SMEs show promotion focus positively, and prevention focus negatively affect EO when the two foci are examined independently. Our findings also demonstrate that EO varies significantly among firms led by CEOs with different combinations of the two foci. Specifically, firms engaged in significantly higher levels of EO when they are led by CEOs with a high rather than a low promotion focus, where prevention focus is at a high level. This study extends the literature by uncovering regulatory focus as a motivational microfoundation of EO.
The quest for legitimacy: The European Court of Auditors’ work on fraud
Authors: Hancu‐Budui Andreea , Zorio‐Grima Ana , Blanco‐Vega Jose 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis research aims to contribute to the debate on fraud on public funds and the work that public auditors perform on this important topic, providing a useful analysis for government officials concerned about accountability, good governance, and transparency. This article presents a retrospective analysis of the European Court of Auditors’ (ECA) role in combating and preventing fraud. Using innovative research tools such as the Valence Aware Dictionary and sEntiment Reasoner lexicon and other quantitative and qualitative research methods, evidence is found that ECA fraud audits reach a more negative tone in their conclusions than in the rest of the audits and that their audit recommendations on fraud are accepted to a lesser degree than the rest. Although in recent years the ECA has taken a more active role regarding fraud and stirring the public debate on this topic, its work is still hampered by its non‐jurisdictional statute. The results obtained contribute to the literature on fraud in the public sector by bringing empirical evidence on public sector fraud audit with data of an under‐researched and unique Supreme Audit Institution. This article opens up new avenues for future research and has practical implications for practitioners by offering them insights on their role on the issue, thus helping them to address some areas more prone to be affected by fraud.
A network analysis of international migration: Longitudinal trends and antecedent factors predicting migration
Authors: Barnett George A. , Nam Yoonjae 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBuilding on previous research, this study investigates the international migration network and its changes from 1990 to 2017. The findings suggest that certain core countries play pivotal roles in shaping global migration by providing economic opportunities or political refuge. Community detection identified nine groups of nations in 2017, indicating regionalization. The study also examined the networks of antecedent factors that reflect both structural factors, such as geography, language, colonial history, political stability and economic differences, as well as transnational interactions, including student flow, trade, Internet flow and remittance, in relation to the international migration network. Applying multiple regression quadratic assignment procedure, it was found that these networks constituted approximately 11% of the migration network's distribution when chain migration was excluded, and 16.5% when it was included.
The effect of spark plasma sintering parameters on the densification and mechanical properties of TiB2‐TiC‐TiB composites
Authors: Liu Luo‐Jin , Zhang Zhao‐Hui , Jia Xiao‐Tong , Wang Qiang , Song Qi , Li Xian‐Yu , Cheng Xing‐Wang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSpark plasma sintering (SPS) tests were designed using the Taguchi method to create high‐performance composites consisting of 60 wt% TiB2, 30 wt% TiC, and 10 wt% Ti. The effects of SPS parameters on the microstructure and mechanical properties of TiB2‐TiC‐TiB composites were systematically investigated. Additionally, the evolution of phase and microstructure during the densification of the composites was analyzed in detail. It has been demonstrated that composites can achieve a high relative density of 99.8%, a hardness of 22.2 GPa, a strength of 739 MPa, and a fracture toughness of 7.07 MPa m1/2, as well as a dense structure and small grain size. These properties can be obtained by sintering at a temperature of 1500°C, a pressure of 50 MPa, and a holding time of 5 min. Sintering temperature is the primary factor that promotes the densification of the composite and influences its relative density, grain size, and morphology. Holding time and sintering pressure are relatively minor factors, but they play important roles at different stages of the sintering process.
Mental health nurses' perception of self‐harm among people receiving psychiatric care in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alenezi Atallah , McAndrew Sue 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMental health nurses (MHNs) play an important role in dealing with those receiving psychiatric care for self‐harming behaviour. How nurses perceive this group of people is pivotal to timely prevention of such harmful behaviour. This project aimed to assess MHNs perception of self‐harming behaviour among those receiving psychiatric care in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Descriptive research was conducted with 400 nurses at governmental hospitals affiliated to the Ministry of Health and Population (MOHP) in the KSA. Data were collected using an online survey and questionnaire: the survey was divided into two sections: one concerned with demographic characteristics of the participants, the second section focusing on their workplace characteristics. The Self‐Harm Antipathy Scale‐Swedish Revision (SHAS‐SR) was used to assess perceptions of self‐harm among MHNs. This scale included 19 items categorized into five subscales. Finding showed that more than half of nurses had a low perception of those who self‐harmed. Additionally, there was a highly significant association between the nurses' total self‐harm perception scores and their workplace characteristics. Promoting person‐centred care to those who self‐harm through the creation of a collaborative nurse–patient relationship, may improve insight and understanding of the behaviour. Continuous professional development for staff who provide care for those who self‐harm would promote better understanding of the behaviour. In addition, workshops, presentations and modelling good practice, are all key for transferring information into real‐world applications for MHNs to provide better care for those who self‐harm.
Novel streamlined technique for left atrial appendage closure using a radiofrequency wire‐based large access system
Authors: Asfour Issa K. , Elchouemi Mohanad , Gianni Carola , Helmy Rami , Tschopp David R. , Horton Rodney P. , Natale Andrea , Al‐Ahmad Amin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntroductionTransseptal puncture (TSP) to allow for large delivery sheath left atrial (LA) access remains a challenging aspect of LA appendage closure (LAAC) in patients with prior history of TSP, thick or lipomatous septum, atrial septal aneurysms, or other complex cardiac anatomies. This study investigates the use of the VersaCross large access (VLA) system (Baylis Medical/Boston Scientific) to improve procedural efficiency of LAAC compared to the standard needle workflow.Methods and ResultsFifty LAAC procedures using WATCHMAN FLX between November 2021 and September 2022 were retrospectively analyzed comparing the VLA workflow (n = 25) to the standard needle workflow (n = 25). Study primary endpoint was time to procedural efficiency, and secondary endpoints included TSP time, acute LAAC success, fluoroscopy use, device recaptures, and periprocedural complications. Acute LAAC was successfully completed in all cases with no intraprocedural complications. TSP time was faster, but not significant, using the VLA workflow compared to the standard RF needle workflow (2.6 ± 1.1 min vs. 3.0 ± 1.8 min, p = 0.38). Time to WATCHMAN sheath in LA from TSP was 27% faster (1.5 ± 0.8 min vs. 2.1 ± 0.9 min; p = 0.03), and time to WATCHMAN release from TSP was 19% faster (10.5. ± 2.5 min vs. 13.0 ± 3.7 min; p = 0.01) with the VLA workflow. Overall procedure time was 15% faster (30.4 ± 5.1 min vs. 36.0 ± 6.6 min; p = 0.003) using VLA. Fluoroscopy time was 25% lower (4.0 ± 2.2 min vs. 5.5 ± 2.3 min; p = 0.003) and fluoroscopy dose was 60% lower (97.0 ± 91.7 mGy vs. 241.8 ± 240.6 mGy; p = 0.01) and more consistent [F‐test, p ˂ 0.0001] using the VLA workflow compared to the needle workflow.ConclusionThe VLA system streamlines LAAC procedures, improving LAAC efficiency and reducing fluoroscopy use by allowing for de novo dilation of the septum for large‐bore delivery sheaths, and reducing device exchanges and delivery sheath manipulation.