bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of WHO Symptom Screening Approach by Non Clinicians in the Diagnosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis among HIV Positive Individuals in the University of Uyo Teaching Hospital, Nigeria
Authors: Ekanem A. M. , Onukak A. E. , Oloyede I. P. , Ekrikpo U. E. 
Published: July 2023

Aims: Pulmonary Tuberculosis (PTB) is a major opportunistic infection and principal cause of mortality among HIV positive individuals. Its screening among this population ensures early detection, prompt treatment and reduction of mortality. This study aimed to assess the burden of hospital PTB initially identified by cough monitors , the type of confirmed PTB and the sensitivity and specificity of the four-symptom TB screening approach.
Study Design: A descriptive cross- sectional design was used.
Place And Duration of Study: The study was conducted at the Anti-Retroviral Therapy (ART) out-patient clinic of a tertiary hospital in southern Nigeria over a 9 months period between January to September, 2020.
Methodology: The medical records of adults diagnosed with HIV who were identified by non-clinicians to have at least one of the four symptoms (cough, weight loss, night sweats and fever) prescribed by WHO for PTB screening on attendance at the ART clinic of the University of Uyo Teaching Hospital, Uyo, Nigeria were reviewed. Data were analyzed using Stata version 13.0 Level of significance was set at p<.05
Results: Sixty-nine (69) out of 529 (13.0%) patients who attended the ART clinic were identified to have at least one of the four symptoms. The common PTB symptoms were cough (62, 89.9%), fever (49, 71.0%), weight loss (40, 58%) and night sweats (29, 42%). Nine (13.0%) respondents were confirmed to have rifampicin resistant PTB from Gene Xpert test. The four–symptom TB screening test had a sensitivity of 11.1%, specificity of 98.3% and a positive predictive value of 50%.
Conclusion: The use of the WHO four-symptom tuberculosis screening tool by non-clinicians, though with low sensitivity in this study, was useful in identifying drug-resistant tuberculosis in HIV positive patients when combined with Gene Xpert MTB/RIF assay.
A New Approach to Bicomplex Jacobsthal Matrix and Bicomplex Jacobsthal-Lucas Matrix Components
Authors: Atasoy Ali , Babadağ Faik 
Published: July 2023

In this present paper, we give a detailed study of a new generation of Bicomplex Jacobsthal matrix and Bicomplex Jacobsthal-Lucas matrix using Jacobsthal -matrix and Jacobsthal Lucas -matrix. Also presented some formulas, facts, and properties about these matrices. In addition, a new vector called the bicomple Jacobsthalvectors and the bicomplex Jacobsthal-Lucas vectors with matrix components is presented.
Some properties of this vector apply to various properties of geometry which are not generally known in the geometry of space. Then, using this matrix representation, we give some identities.
Parasocial Relationship between Parents Viewers with Korean Drama Actors
Authors: Ng Aurelia Angelica , Luik Jandy , Wijayanti Chory Angela 
Published: July 2023

Hallyu or Korean wave has been rapidly growing on the last few decades. Hallyu has brought South Korea’s cultures including Korean dramas worldwide, including Indonesia. The rise of technology and new media has also given more space for content distribution and access for media actors and audiences. Hence, Korean drama has a high popularity in Indonesia, with audiences from various kinds of demographic backgrounds, including parents. One of the reasons of the high interest towards Korean drama is due to the interesting actors. The high interest towards Korean drama actors are often related to the concept of parasocial relationship, which is a one-sided relationship between audiences and media persona.
This research aims to determine the parasocial relationship that exists between parents viewers and Korean drama actors. The research method that is used in this study is qualitative case study with semi-structured interview as the data gathering technique. The result of this study shows that the parasocial relationship that exists belongs in the entertainment-social value level due to the informants who find the personas to be entertaining, attractive, and as references for their daily decisions. The parasocial relationship is also found as a form of media effect especially in terms of media cultivation and third person effect.
Independent directors and environmental innovations: How the visibility of public and private shareholders' environmental activism moderates the influence of board independence
Authors: Ruiz‐Castillo Maria , Aragón‐Correa Juan Alberto , Hurtado‐Torres Nuria Esther 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWhile independent directors focus on preserving the shareholders' interests, their individual preferences may differ with regard to how environmental innovations have to be considered. A growing importance of shareholders' environmental activism has sought to influence firms' environmental practices through public proposals and private negotiations with executives. Using a sample of 7111 firms listed in the S&P 1500 index between 2006 and 2019, we examine how the visibility of shareholders' environmental proposals moderates the relationship between board independence and environmental innovations. Our findings show that public and private shareholder activism related to community issues and external reporting reinforces the positive influence of independent directors on firms' environmental innovations. However, private dialogues between executives and environmental activists focused on emissions from company operations diminish the influence of independent directors. Our study sheds light on how the external visibility of the topics involved in the activists' environmental proposals reinforces the interest of independent directors in advancing environmental innovations.
Transcatheter aortic valve‐in‐valve implantation within stentless landing zones: Procedural insights from a single‐center experience
Authors: Lang Frederick M. , Mihatov Nino , Kriegel Jacob , Nazif Tamim M. , Vahl Torsten P. , Ng Vivian G. , Lebehn Mark , Blusztein David , Cahill Thomas J. , Lehenbauer Kyle R. , Hahn Rebecca T. , Leon Martin , Kodali Susheel K. , George Isaac 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundValve‐in‐valve (VIV) transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is a less invasive therapeutic option compared with redo surgical valve replacement for high‐risk patients. Relative to procedures within stented surgical valves, VIV‐TAVI within stentless valves is associated with a higher complication rate due to challenging underlying anatomy and absence of fluoroscopic landmarks.AimsWe share a single‐center experience with VIV‐TAVI in stentless valves, discussing our procedural insights and associated outcomes.MethodsOur institutional database was queried, and 25 patients who had undergone VIV‐TAVI within a stentless bioprosthesis, homograft, or valve‐sparing aortic root replacement between 2013 and 2022 were found. Outcome endpoints were based on the Valve Academic Research Consortium‐3 criteria.ResultsThe mean age of the cohort was 69.5 ± 13.6 years. VIV implantation was performed within a homograft in 11 patients, a stentless bioprothesis in 10 patients, and a valve‐sparing aortic root replacement in 4 patients. Nineteen (76%) balloon‐expandable valves, 5 (20%) self‐expanding valves, and one mechanically‐expandable (4%) valve were implanted with 100% procedural success, with no instances of significant paravalvular leak, coronary occlusion, or device embolization. There was one (4%) in‐hospitality mortality after an emergency procedure; one (4%) patient experienced a transient ischemic attack; and two (8%) patients required permanent pacemaker implantation. The median length of hospital stay was 2 days. After a median follow‐up time of 16.5 months, valve function was acceptable in all patients with available data.ConclusionVIV‐TAVI within stentless valves can be safely performed with methodical procedural technique and can provide clinical benefit in patients at high reoperation risk.
Quantification of root lodging damage in corn using uncrewed aerial vehicle imagery
Authors: Lindsey A. J. , Allred B. , Martinez L. R. , Rouse Greg , Thomison P. R. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAccurate quantification of damage associated with root lodging events can help producers assess damage, predict potential yield losses, and help understand potential issues with grain quality that may arise post‐harvest (i.e., kernel weight reductions, premature germination on the ear, or vivipary). The objective of this research was to utilize imagery from an uncrewed aerial vehicle (UAV) to accurately quantify crop canopy height, grain yield, and identify trends in imagery data associated with grain quality after root lodging was imposed at multiple growth stages. Simulated corn (Zea mays L.) root lodging experiments were conducted in 2018 and 2019 with lodging treatments applied at two vegetative or two reproductive growth stages (V10, V14, VT/R1, and R3). At dough stage (R4), visible‐color and multispectral images were collected from each trial. Bare fields were also flown in February to obtain baseline elevation data. Imagery data were used to develop digital surface model (DSM) images and used to calculate indices of normalized difference red edge (NDRE) and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). Individual datapoints within each experimental plot were extracted from the imagery files and were compared to ground‐truth measurements. The DSM height values were similar to actual measured heights for most lodging treatments (Adj. R2 = .957). Both NDRE and NDVI exhibited linear trends with height and quality parameters (Adj. R2 = .25–.54), though yield patterns were best described using a quadratic model (Adj. R2 = .42–.60). These procedures hold utility in accurately quantifying canopy height following a root lodging event and hold promise in helping consultants identify yield and grain quality reductions associated with root lodging.
Mapping of corticotropin‐releasing factor, receptors, and binding protein mRNA in the chicken telencephalon throughout development
Authors: Metwalli Alek H. , Pross Alessandra , Desfilis Ester , Abellán Antonio , Medina Loreta 
Published: July 2023

AbstractUnderstanding the neural mechanisms that regulate the stress response is critical to know how animals adapt to a changing world and is one of the key factors to be considered for improving animal welfare. Corticotropin‐releasing factor (CRF) is crucial for regulating physiological and endocrine responses, triggering the activation of the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamo–pituitary–adrenal axis (HPA) during stress. In mammals, several telencephalic areas, such as the amygdala and the hippocampus, regulate the autonomic system and the HPA responses. These centers include subpopulations of CRF containing neurons that, by way of CRF receptors, play modulatory roles in the emotional and cognitive aspects of stress. CRF binding protein also plays a role, buffering extracellular CRF and regulating its availability. CRF role in activation of the HPA is evolutionary conserved in vertebrates, highlighting the relevance of this system to help animals cope with adversity. However, knowledge on CRF systems in the avian telencephalon is very limited, and no information exists on detailed expression of CRF receptors and binding protein. Knowing that the stress response changes with age, with important variations during the first week posthatching, the aim of this study was to analyze mRNA expression of CRF, CRF receptors 1 and 2, and CRF binding protein in chicken telencephalon throughout embryonic and early posthatching development, using in situ hybridization. Our results demonstrate an early expression of CRF and its receptors in pallial areas regulating sensory processing, sensorimotor integration and cognition, and a late expression in subpallial areas regulating the stress response. However, CRF buffering system develops earlier in the subpallium than in the pallium. These results help to understand the mechanisms underlying the negative effects of noise and light during prehatching stages in chicken, and suggest that stress regulation becomes more sophisticated with age.
A fairness‐aware task offloading method in edge‐enabled IIoT with multi‐constraints using AGE‐MOEA and weighted MMF
Authors: Peng Kai , Ling Chengfang , Zhao Bohai , C. M. Leung Victor 
Published: July 2023

SummaryBy providing distributed and ultra‐low‐latency communication between industrial devices and resource components, the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) is at the forefront of a new trend. Such a distributed paradigm is viewed as a collection of autonomous computing resources utilized by multiple heterogeneous devices to achieve higher‐quality interconnection and data exchange. However, stringent requirements of exceptional service and fairness guarantees pose many formidable challenges. To this end, this study investigates the aforementioned concerns in an integrated manner and further proposes a fairness‐aware task offloading method, called FOIMAM. Specifically, the ‐norm is introduced to accommodate the Pareto plane under the non‐Euclidean geometry framework while the evaluation and elimination of low‐quality solutions are completed based on survival scores. Particularly, the fairness requirements are formulated as a multi‐constraint problem and resolved using weighted max‐min fairness. Eventually, numerical results indicate that the proposed method brings substantial improvement in both service efficiency and fairness guarantees.
Institutional pressures and accountability processes in pursuit of sustainable development goals: Insights from Ghanaian indigenous oil companies
Authors: Tetteh Lexis Alexander , Agyenim‐Boateng Cletus , Simpson Samuel Nana Yaw 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis paper aims at exploring the institutional pressures and accountability processes in pursuit of sustainable development goals (SDGs) in indigenous oil companies in Ghana. Applying a qualitative research strategy, semi‐structured interviews with 20 company managers and other industry stakeholders were used to collect in‐depth and rich empirical data. In pursuit of the SDG agenda, the indigenous oil companies appear to be sensitive to both internal and external stakeholder pressure. However, the coercive pressures from regulators did not always result in the companies implementing actual change. Instead, coercive pressures from non‐governmental actors have taken on the role of ‘regulator’ of organisational practices. Also, internal forces of change were mainly the foreign partner's audit pressure and management commitment to enhance company reputation. Beyond the institutional pressures to incorporate SDGs into business practices, the finding adds fresh perspectives to the three logical steps of SDG accountability processes used by the companies to track their contribution to SDG implementation and reporting, namely: data collection, SDG performance measurement, and communication of SDG outcomes. Finally, the study discovers that the companies are making little progress towards the achievement of the SDGs because of financial limitations, rigid organisational environments that prevent change, and a lack of a standardised institutional framework. The findings suggest that in order for an organisation to gain legitimacy, its SDG agenda must incorporate the concerns of non‐governmental actors and local communities into its corporate decision‐making. Failure to meet the needs of these essential stakeholders may jeopardise the legitimacy of organisation which will threaten its survival.
Adoptive cell therapy for cancer treatment
Authors: Du Shi , Yan Jingyue , Xue Yonger , Zhong Yichen , Dong Yizhou 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAdoptive cell therapy (ACT) is a rapidly growing anti‐cancer strategy that has shown promise in treating various cancer types. The concept of ACT involves activating patients’ own immune cells ex vivo and then transferring them back to the patients to recognize and eliminate cancer cells. Currently, the commonly used ACT includes tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), genetically engineered immune cells, and dendritic cells (DCs) vaccines. With the advancement of cell culture and genetic engineering techniques, ACT has been used in clinics to treat malignant hematological diseases and many new ACT‐based regimens are in different stages of clinical trials. Here, representative ACT approaches are introduced and the opportunities and challenges for clinical translation of ACT are discussed.
Dynamic regulation of drug biodistribution by turning tumors into decoys for biomimetic nanoplatform to enhance the chemotherapeutic efficacy of breast cancer with bone metastasis
Authors: Zheng Cuixia , Zhang Dandan , Kong Yueyue , Niu Mengya , Zhao Hongjuan , Song Qingling , Feng Qianhua , Li Xingru , Wang Lei 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBreast cancer with bone metastasis accounts for serious cancer‐associated pain which significantly reduces the quality of life of affected patients and promotes cancer progression. However, effective treatment using nanomedicine remains a formidable challenge owing to poor drug delivery efficiency to multiple cancer lesions and inappropriate management of cancer‐associated pain. In this study, using engineered macrophage membrane (EMM) and drugs loaded nanoparticle, we constructed a biomimetic nanoplatform (EMM@DJHAD) for the concurrent therapy of bone metastatic breast cancer and associated pain. Tumor tropism inherited from EMM provided the targeting ability for both primary and metastatic lesions. Subsequently, the synergistic combination of decitabine and JTC801 boosted the lytic and inflammatory responses accompanied by a tumoricidal effect, which transformed the tumor into an ideal decoy for EMM, resulting in prolonged troop migration toward tumors. EMM@DJHAD exerted significant effects on tumor suppression and a pronounced analgesic effect by inhibiting µ‐opioid receptors in bone metastasis mouse models. Moreover, the nanoplatform significantly reduced the severe toxicity induced by chemotherapy agents. Overall, this biomimetic nanoplatform with good biocompatibility may be used for the effective treatment of breast cancer with bone metastasis.
Safety and efficacy of cerebral embolic protection devices for patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement: An updated meta‐analysis
Authors: Shrestha Dhan Bahadur , Shtembari Jurgen , Lamichhane Sandesh , Baniya Abinash , Shahi Manoj , Dhungel Swati , Pant Kailash , Sutton Nadia R. , Villablanca Pedro , Mungee Sudhir 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsCerebral embolic protection (CEP) devices are employed to capture embolic debris and reduce the risk of stroke during transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Evidence is mixed regarding the safety and efficacy of CEP. We aimed to summarize the safety and effectiveness of CEP use during TAVR.MethodsElectronic databases, including PubMed, PubMed Central, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Embase, were searched using relevant search terms for articles relating to CEP. All relevant data from 20 studies were extracted into a standardized form. Statistical analyses were performed using Revman 5.4. Odds ratio (OR) or mean differences (MDs) were used to estimate the desired outcome with a 95% confidence interval (CI).ResultsTwenty studies (eight randomized controlled trials [RCTs]) involving 210,871 patients (19,261 in the CEP group and 191,610 in TAVR without the CEP group) were included. The use of CEP was associated with a lower odds of 30‐day mortality by 39% (OR: 0.61, 95% CI: 0.53–0.70) and stroke by 31% (OR: 0.69, 95% CI: 0.52–0.92). Comparing devices, benefit in terms of mortality and stroke was observed with the use of the Sentinel device (Boston Scientific), but not among other devices. No differences were observed in the outcomes of acute kidney injury, major or life‐threatening bleeding events, or major vascular complications between groups. When only RCTs were included, there were no observed differences in the primary or secondary outcomes for CEP versus no CEP use during TAVR.ConclusionsThe totality of evidence suggests a net benefit for the use of CEP, weighted by studies in which the Sentinal device was used. However, given the RCT subanalysis, additional evidence is needed to identify patients at the highest risk of stroke for optimal decision‐making.
Swarming magnetic photonic‐crystal microrobots with on‐the‐fly visual pH detection and self‐regulated drug delivery
Authors: Yu Zheng , Li Luolin , Mou Fangzhi , Yu Shimin , Zhang Di , Yang Manyi , Zhao Qing , Ma Huiru , Luo Wei , Li Tianlong , Guan Jianguo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSwarming magnetic micro/nanorobots hold great promise for biomedical applications, but at present suffer from inferior capabilities to perceive and respond to chemical signals in local microenvironments. Here we demonstrate swarming magnetic photonic‐crystal microrobots (PC‐bots) capable of spontaneously performing on‐the‐fly visual pH detection and self‐regulated drug delivery by perceiving local pH changes. The magnetic PC‐bots consist of pH‐responsive hydrogel microspheres with encapsulated one‐dimensional periodic assemblies of Fe3O4 nanoparticles. By programming external rotating magnetic fields, they can self‐organize into large swarms with much‐enhanced collective velocity to actively find targets while shining bright “blinking” structural colors. When approaching the target with abnormal pH conditions (e.g., an ulcerated superficial tumor lesion), the PC‐bots can visualize local pH changes on the fly via pH‐responsive structural colors, and realize self‐regulated release of the loaded drugs by recognizing local pH. This work facilitates the development of intelligent micro/nanorobots for active “motile‐targeting” tumor diagnosis and treatment.image
Emodin disrupts the Notch1/Nrf2/GPX4 antioxidant system and promotes renal cell ferroptosis
Authors: Xing Miao , Ma Xiaoyu , Wang Xi , Wang Haoze , Xie Minjuan , Zhang Ziwen , Zhou Jie 
Published: July 2023

AbstractEmodin has been demonstrated to possess multiple pharmacological activities. However, emodin has also been reported to induce nephrotoxicity at high doses and with long‐term use, and the underlying mechanism has not been fully disclosed. The current study aimed to investigate the roles of oxidative stress and ferroptosis in emodin‐induced kidney toxicity. Mice were intraperitoneally treated with emodin, and NRK‐52E cells were exposed to emodin in the presence or absence of treatment with Jagged1, SC79, or t‐BHQ. Emodin significantly upregulated the levels of blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, malondialdehyde, and Fe2+, reduced the levels of superoxide dismutase and glutathione, and induced pathological changes in the kidneys in vivo. Moreover, the viability of NRK‐52E cells treated with emodin was reduced, and emodin induced iron accumulation, excessive reactive oxygen species production, and lipid peroxidation and depolarized the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm). In addition, emodin treatment downregulated the activity of neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 1 (Notch1), reduced the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor erythroid‐2 related factor 2 (Nrf2), and decreased glutathione peroxidase 4 protein levels. However, Notch1 activation by Jagged1 pretreatment, Akt activation by SC79 pretreatment, or Nrf2 activation by t‐BHQ pretreatment attenuated the toxic effects of emodin in NRK‐52E cells. Taken together, these results revealed that emodin‐induced ferroptosis triggered kidney toxicity through inhibition of the Notch1/Nrf2/glutathione peroxidase 4 axis.