bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
VFST: Virtual and fully software based toolchain for PC interfacing education and research
Authors: Mohamed Mokhtar A. A. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn computer science and engineering education, teaching PC interfacing courses and laboratory experiments are strongly required. PC interfacing is the field of developing or simulating real/virtual solutions for exchanging data/commands between PC and the outer world of sensors and actuators. Recently, virtual experiments and Labs have been adopted by engineering educators to preclude the physical presence of students and tutors and to provide effective skills acquisition and hands‐on experience in a virtual manner. High‐cost LabVIEW from National Instruments company is the dominant platform to develop, execute, and animate virtual PC interfacing experiments similar to real ones. This paper presents a toolchain, the course contents, and virtual experiments that cover many different PC interfacing technologies such as UART, SPI, RS232, USB, SD card interfacing, and wireless GSM/GPRS. The virtual nature of VFST toolchain refers to enabling the students to design, animate, and run their prototypes or solutions inside only PC programs without the need to build physical or real ones until making sure of their prototypes' functionality. The main aim of the VFST platform is to make students able to develop C# based applications and to implement solutions with an aesthetic similar to LabVIEW capabilities to become a low‐cost alternative of it. VFST consists of a group of free‐of‐charge and third‐party software programs such as VSPD, Virtual USB driver, WinImage, and Real‐Term alongside with Proteus simulator and C# programming language. This paper presents qualitative and quantitative evaluations of the benefits and effectiveness of VFST. Findings are collected via feedback responses using an online questionnaire survey. These findings clarify that the student cohort is, in general, supportive that VFST Lab's content and virtual experiments have a considerable effect on their career after and before their graduation.
Multiple external root resorptions in a patient with Stage IV, Grade C periodontitis and autoimmune diseases: A case report
Authors: Thandi Beant Singh , Ip Ho , Hirschfeld Josefine 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundPathological root resorption affects permanent teeth and is usually triggered by infectious‐inflammatory stimuli and/or dental trauma. Periodontitis and traumatic occlusion have been reported as possible causative factors of root resorptions, whilst the impact of systemic diseases is less well understood. This case highlights the need for consideration of multiple risk factors, especially when presenting in combination.Methods and ResultsA 62‐year‐old South Asian female presented with unstable Stage IV Grade C periodontitis, poor oral hygiene and multiple autoimmune conditions including oral lichen planus. Clinical and radiographic examination revealed multiple advanced apical and external root resorptions of the patient's molars associated with periapical bone loss, despite of a minimally restored dental status.ConclusionA likely etiology of this patient's multiple root resorptions is the presence of unstable periodontitis with periodontal‐endodontic lesions, exacerbated by a dysbalanced immune response to infectious agents. Appropriate monitoring and managing of such patients can prevent or limit the pathological process of inflammatory root resorption.Key pointsWhy is this case new information?

This is the first report documenting advanced multiple external inflammatory root resorptions in a periodontitis patient with oral and systemic co‐morbidities.
What are the keys to successful management of this case?

Early diagnosis, prevention and intervention to limit periodontal inflammation, endodontic infection and occlusal trauma.
What are the primary limitations to success in this case?

Late diagnosis of multiple root resorptions, palliative periodontal treatment due to poor oral hygiene compliance, and poorly controlled systemic inflammation favoring the persistence of a dysregulated immune response to the oral microbiota.
Optimizing minimum spanning tree using stochastic–Variable neighborhood search for efficient clustering of cancer gene data
Authors: M Pavithra , RMS Parvathi 
Published: December 2022

SummaryWith the rapid advancement of DNA microarray technologies, researchers in biology can now monitor several gene expression levels in one single experiment that is very useful in detecting or classifying specific types of tumors. The microarray data and its high‐dimensional nature, along with a small set of samples, have presented a new but well‐known phenomenon called the curse of dimensionality. The process of organizing all objects into various groups based on their traits that are either similar or dissimilar is known as clustering. The framework has the foundation of a minimum spanning tree (MST), which is the representation of one set of gene expression data that is multidimensional. The main property of such representations is that every cluster of this expression data will correspond to a subtree in the MST that can convert the problem of multidimensional Clustering to the problem of tree partitioning. A stochastic diffusion search (SDS) has been deployed for clustering. The algorithm was used to be a multi‐agent technique of search and optimization. A variable neighborhood search (VNS) algorithm has been proposed to be a metaheuristic that solves problems of global and combinatorial optimization. The goal of this method was proceeded to get a systematic change to the neighborhood in a local search algorithm. The algorithm will continue to remain the same as an optimal solution that explores the far neighborhoods until better solutions are identified.
Large submucosal hematoma after cold snare polypectomy for colorectal adenoma
Authors: Arakane Naomi , Yoshida Kosuke , Murata Shoma , Mizuno Rika , Furuta Koichi , Tojo Masaya , Tamagawa Hiroki , Miyanaga Ryoichi , Watanabe Kazuyo , Fukuhara Seiichiro 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCold snare polypectomy (CSP), for the treatment of colorectal polyps, has become widespread due to its low incidence of adverse events compared to that of endoscopic procedures such as endoscopic mucosal resection. However, we experienced a case of large hematoma development shortly after CSP for a colorectal adenoma despite no bleeding during the procedure. The patient underwent CSP for a 7‐mm type Isp lesion in the ascending colon. She returned the following day because of hematochezia. Computed tomography showed a 70‐mm, high‐intensity mass in the ascending colon, consistent with the large hematoma that was detected by colonoscopy. Although the patient initially had right‐sided abdominal pain, it gradually improved with conservative treatment. The hematoma decreased in size, and she was discharged 20 days after emergency admission. Although CSP can be a favorable alternative to more invasive procedures and is expected to be performed more frequently, adverse events, such as that described in this case, should be anticipated.
A population‐based cohort of adult patients with diabetes mellitus in a Western District of Austria: The Diabetes Landeck cohort
Authors: Haslwanter Veronika , Rochau Ursula , Siebert Uwe , Schönherr Hans‐Robert , Oberaigner Willi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIntroductionDiabetes mellitus (DM) has become an important and exacerbating health epidemic, with severe consequences for both patients and health systems. The National Diabetes Strategy of Austria addresses the lack of high‐quality data on DM in Austria and the need for developing a national data network. The aims of our study are to establish a cohort including all adult diabetes patients in a district in western Austria, describe the demographic and clinical characteristics of this cohort, and provide an estimation of diabetes prevalence.MethodsWe recruited a population‐based cohort of adult patients with a diagnosis of DM in cooperation with a network of all caregivers. Data collection was based on a case report form, including patient characteristics, clinical parameters and long‐term complications.ResultsIn total, 1845 patients with DM were recruited and analysed. We observed an overall prevalence of 5.3% [95% CI: 5.0%–5.5%]. For the subsequent main analysis, we included 1755 patients with DM after excluding 90 patients with gestational DM. There were significant differences between genders in the distribution of specific clinical parameters, patient characteristics, and the long‐term complications diabetic foot, amputation and cardiovascular disease.ConclusionTo the best of our knowledge, we established the first diabetes cohort study in Austria. Prevalence and the proportion of specific long‐term complications were lower when compared to the international context. We assume that the Diabetes Landeck Cohort has reached a high degree of completeness; however, we were not able to identify independent data sources for a valid check of completeness.
How does pain work? A qualitative analysis of how young adults with chronic pain conceptualize the biology of pain
Authors: Leake Hayley B. , Moseley G. Lorimer , Murphy Lexa K. , Murray Caitlin B. , Palermo Tonya M. , Heathcote Lauren C. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundPain science education (PSE) is commonly integrated into treatments for childhood‐onset chronic pain. A core component of PSE is learning about, and often reconceptualizing, the biology of chronic pain. Yet, few interventions have been developed specifically for young adults and little is known about how young adults conceptualize the biology of pain. This study used a qualitative methodology to examine how young adults with childhood‐onset chronic pain understand the biology of pain, and the language they use in this meaning‐making process, which may inform future interventions tailored to this age group.MethodsWe identified a cohort of young adults with childhood onset chronic pain, and a subset of 17 young adults with continuing chronic pain completed individual, semi‐structured interviews. Telephone interviews were audio‐recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using reflexive thematic analysis.ResultsWe generated four themes that capture participants' conceptualizations of the biology of pain: (1) Something is wrong with the body, (2) An injury has not healed, (3) Nerves fire when they should not, (4) An overactive stress system.ConclusionThese conceptualizations, and the language used by young adults with childhood‐onset chronic pain to describe them are discussed. Recommendations are provided for how PSE interventions can be tailored for young adults.SignificanceThis study provides new qualitative insights reflecting a variety of ways that young adults with childhood‐onset chronic pain conceptualize pain. Some conceptualizations of pain align with modern pain science principles (altered function of nervous and endocrine systems) while others conflict (unhealed injury). Health professionals can use these findings to tailor their pain education interventions by leveraging concepts that ‘stick’ for youth, being aware of, and interrogating, common misconceptions, and offering language and metaphors familiar to youth.
Seismic resilience assessment and improvement framework for electrical substations
Authors: Liang Huangbin , Blagojević Nikola , Xie Qiang , Stojadinović Bozidar 
Published: December 2022

AbstractExperience from previous earthquakes shows that electrical substations are the most vulnerable components within the power transmission system. Thus, their disaster resilience is essential for providing electric power to communities in earthquake‐prone regions. In this study, a quantitative framework was proposed to assess the seismic resilience of electrical substations. The functionality of a substation was quantified using its maximum allowable transmission capacity that integrates the substation topology, redundancy level, line capacity, and power balance. The network model of the substation was developed to investigate how component damage affects substation's functionality. Substation's recovery was simulated as a time‐stepping process, in which at each time step the substation's ability to provide transmission capacity was conditioned on the functionality state of its components, whose recovery depends on the availability of repair crews and spare parts. The uncertainty of the resilience assessment was quantified by considering the uncertainty in the component‐level vulnerability and recoverability. The impacts of components’ robustness, repair resource constraints, and post‐earthquake recovery scheduling on substation resilience were investigated by modifying components’ seismic fragility curves, available recovery resources, and repair priorities. A case study was conducted on a real‐world 220/110 kV step‐down substation, and a parametric analysis was carried out to investigate the effect of various seismic resilience improvement strategies to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed framework in seismic disaster risk reduction and management.
Including patient‐reported measures in performance evaluation systems: Patient contribution in assessing and improving the healthcare systems
Authors: De Rosis Sabina , Ferrè Francesca , Pennucci Francesca 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn healthcare, the introduction of quality standards and indicators to assess performance triggered the development of multidimensional Performance Management Systems (PMSs). The concept of performance in healthcare has recently evolved and broadened its scope. One of the current challenges of PMSs is measuring and integrating the patient perspective into traditional measures. In the regional healthcare system of Tuscany (Italy), a PMS has been implemented and used since 2005. The PMS counts on the systematic involvement of clinicians and managers. Furthermore, the PMS also includes patients' perspective. Moreover, Tuscany has recently implemented the first regional permanent Patient‐Reported Outcome and Experience Measures (PROMs and PREMs) Observatory in Italy. This paper presents the results of an action research aimed at analysing the integration of patient‐reported outcome and experience indicators into a consolidated PMS. The study describes the process of identifying and discussing of patient‐reported indicators with practitioners and categorising findings into three domains: design of patient‐reported indicators, integration process into the PMS, and goal of adoption of the patient‐related indicators. The paper also describes facilitators, challenges, and lessons learnt with respect to organisational, methodological, cultural, and responsibility‐linked factors. The study discusses the ability to agree on how to transform patient data, especially PROMs, into effective performance indicators. The integration of patient‐reported indicators into the PMS poses two main challenges: one in terms of sustainability of the performance system itself, and another regarding the attribution of the responsibility for patient outcomes between care settings and providers. This paper provides initial insights on how the integration of patient‐reported indicators can make PMSs more inclusive and focussed on the patient‐centred perspective.
Analysis of the variation tendency and influencing factors of reference evapotranspiration in Shandong Province, China
Authors: Liu Zihan , Zhangzhong Lili , Zheng Wengang , Zhang Xin , Yu Jingxin , Zhang Fujie , Yang Lihong 
Published: December 2022

AbstractReference evapotranspiration (ET0) is an important part of the water and energy cycles during crop growth. The study of its changing trend is of significance for guiding efficient water utilization and reasonable regulation of agricultural production. Based on daily meteorological data, including temperature, relative humidity, wind speed and sunshine hours, from 38 surface meteorological stations in Shandong Province from 1980 to 2019, the FAO56 Penman–Monteith formula was used to calculate the ET0 and analyse trend and influencing factors, combined with the methods of climate tendency rate, Morlet wavelet, sensitivity analysis and contribution rate analysis. ET0 had 26–30 main oscillation cycles during the 1980–2019 period, and 28‐, 18‐ and 8‐year time scales corresponded to the first, second and third main cycles of ET0, respectively, which determined the characteristics of ET0 change in the past 40 years. The annual average ET0 was significantly positively correlated with average temperature (T), wind speed (WS) and sunshine daily hours (SSD) and significantly negatively correlated with average relative humidity (RH), among which WS, SSD and RH were the main factors affecting ET0. On this basis, because T was not the dominant factor affecting ET0 change, a simplified ET0 calculation algorithm based on seasonal temperature was established that had high goodness of fit R2 accuracy. This study quantitatively analysed the periodic changes and causes of ET0 from a spatio‐temporal view and provided a scientific basis for the rational regulation of agricultural production in Shandong Province.
Novel optical fiber Vernier immunosensor based on cascading Sagnac loops embedded with excessively tilted fiber grating for specific detection of canine distemper virus
Authors: Gu Hong , Luo Binbin , Wu Shengxi , Shi Shenghui , Zou Xue , Dai Qin , Zhao Mingfu , Zhang Lin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA novel optical fiber Vernier effect (VE) biosensor based on cascading Sagnac loops embedded with excessively tilted fiber grating (ExTFG) is proposed for the label free and specific detection of canine distemper virus (CDV). The VE was realized by cascading two different Sagnac loops with similar free spectrum range (FSR), one of which was integrated with panda‐type polarization maintaining fiber (PMF) as the reference loop, and the other was embedded with ExTFG as the sensing loop. Owning to the amplified function of the VE, the refractive index (RI) sensitivity of the proposed sensing structure reached −1914.89 nm/RIU, which is approximately 12 times higher than that of the single ExTFG based RI sensor. Furthermore, the ExTFG in sensing loop was modified by graphene oxide (GO) and bio‐functionalized by the CDV monoclonal antibodies (anti‐CDV MAbs) for the specific detection of the CDV. Experimental results show that the proposed optical fiber Vernier sensor could detect the CDV in buffer solution with concentration as low as 1 pg/mL, and the sensitivity was about −1.18 nm/[log(mg/ml)] in the concentration range of 1 pg/mL ~ 50 ng/mL. The excellent specific and clinical properties of the biosensor were verified by immunoassays for fetal bovine serum, Toxoplasma gondii, rabies virus and CDV serum in sequence. Due to the sensitivity amplification function of VE, dense comb spectrum of the Sagnac loop and the stable interference spectra maintained by the polarized light, the proposed biosensor possesses the combined advantages of high sensitivity, high Q‐factor and high stability, which may have potential applications in biosensing fields.
Are Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Bone Mineral Density Associated? — A Cross‐Sectional Study Using Liver Biopsy and Dual‐Energy X‐Ray Absorptiometry
Authors: Hansen Stinus Gadegaard , Wernberg Charlotte Wilhelmina , Grønkjær Lea Ladegaard , Jacobsen Birgitte Gade , Caterino Tina Di , Krag Aleksander , Juhl Claus Bogh , Lauridsen Mette Munk , Shanbhogue Vikram V. 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACTThere is controversy regarding the association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and osteoporosis. Our study aim was to assess bone mineral density (BMD) in patients with biopsy‐proven NAFLD and examine if the severity of NAFLD affects BMD. A total of 147 adult women (n = 108) and men (n = 39) aged 18–76 years (mean ± standard deviation [SD] age 45.3 ± 12.5) were recruited in this cross‐sectional study and underwent a liver biopsy and dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DXA). NAFLD activity score (NAS) based on the degree of steatosis, lobular inflammation and hepatocellular ballooning was used to assess NAFLD severity. The majority of subjects, 53%, had steatosis, 25% had nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) whereas 23% served as control subjects with no evidence of NAFLD. There were no significant differences in the lumbar spine (1.09 ± 0.12, 1.11 ± 0.18, and 1.12 ± 0.15 g/cm2, p = 0.69, in controls, steatosis, and NASH, respectively) or hip BMD (1.10 ± 0.15, 1.12 ± 0.13, and 1.09 ± 0.13 g/cm2, p = 0.48, in controls, steatosis, and NASH, respectively) between the groups. Adjusting for age, gender, body mass index, and diabetes in multiple regression models did not alter the results. There was no correlation between NAS and neither lumbar spine BMD (r = 0.06, p = 0.471), nor hip BMD (r = −0.03, p = 0.716). In conclusion, BMD was similar across the spectrum of NAFLD in both genders and not related to the severity of the underlying histological lesions, suggesting that neither steatosis nor NASH exerts a detrimental effect on BMD in these relatively young patients. © 2022 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Assessment of hypolipidemic and anti‐inflammatory properties of walnut (Juglans regia) seed coat extract and modulates some metabolic enzymes activity in triton WR‐1339‐induced hyperlipidemia in rat kidney, liver, and heart
Authors: Palabıyık Esra , Sulumer Ayşe Nurseli , Uguz Handan , Avcı Bahri , Askın Seda , Askın Hakan , Demir Yeliz 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAtherosclerosis and cognitive impairment are both influenced by hyperlipidemia. Due to their high margin of safety and low cost, natural chemicals have recently attracted particular attention in the context of the treatment of disease. Hence, the purpose of this study was to investigate the possible amendatory impact of ethanol extract walnut (Juglans regia) seed coat (E‐WSC) on some metabolic enzymes (glutathione reductase (GR), paraoxonase‐1 (PON1), aldose reductase (AR), sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), glutathione S‐transferase (GST), and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE)) activity in the liver, kidney, and heart of rats with Triton WR‐1339‐induced hyperlipidemia. Rats were divided into five groups: control group, HL‐Control group (Triton WR‐1339 400 mg/kg, i.p administered group), E‐ WSC + 150 (150 mg/kg,o.d given group), E‐ WSC + 300 (E‐ WSC 300 mg/kg, o.d given group) and HL+ E‐WSC + 300 (Group receiving E‐ WSC 300 mg/kg, o.d 30 min prior to administration of Triton WR‐1339 400 mg/kg, i.p). In HL‐Control, AR, SDH, and BChE enzyme activity was significantly increased in all tissues compared to the control, while the activity of other studied enzymes was significantly decreased. The effects of hyperlipidemia on balance were improved and alterations in the activity of the investigated metabolic enzymes were prevented by E‐WSC. As a result, promising natural compounds that can be used as adjuvant therapy in the treatment of cognitive disorders and hyperlipidemia may be found in E‐WSC powder.