bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does multisensory stimulation with virtual reality (VR) and smell improve learning? An educational experience in recall and creativity
Authors: Andonova Veneta , Reinoso-Carvalho Felipe , Jimenez Ramirez Manuel Arturo , Carrasquilla David 
Published: June 2023

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to derive into practical recommendations from multisensory stimulation with virtual reality (VR) and scent to help educators develop effective teaching strategies geared toward aspects of the learning experience, recall, and creativity in a stereotypical learning context.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is based on a randomized experiment in which student participants were subdivided into three treatment groups and one control group. Each group was stimulated by a different combination of visual, auditory, and olfactory stimuli (2D SMELL, VR, and VR SMELL) and the outcomes were compared against those of the control group (2D). Consistent with the Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning, hypotheses were constructed to study the effect of different combinations of stimuli on the learning experience and learning outcomes related to recall and creativity in a stereotypical learning context.FindingsTraditional video content alone and bundled with a coherent olfactory stimulus prompted higher self-reported ratings of perceived quality of the sensory experience. Olfactory stimulus in combination with either VR or a traditional video prompted higher self-reported ratings on perceived immersion. In a stereotypical learning context, the highest recall scores were achieved with traditional video alone. Both VR alone and bundled with an olfactory stimulus resulted in enhanced creativity.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings of this study should be interpreted in the context of adopting multisensory stimulations combined with VR technology as part of stereotypical learning contexts. Most professional educators do not have robust knowledge or experience in using build-on-purpose multisensory stimuli but are increasingly engaged in using multisensory tools such as VR, as part of their teaching practice. In relation to recall, the results are consistent with the hypothesis that in a stereotypical learning context, a multisensory experience involving VR and olfactory stimuli can be related to an undesired cognitive load for learners. There exists a possibility that the low-technical version of the VR goggles used, as well as the contents of the instructional video may have influenced the learning outcomes in terms of recall. Hence, future research should consider such aspects and focus on richer learning contexts.Originality/valueThis work offers practical recommendations for instructional design strategies aiming to create multisensory stimulations with VR and olfactory components to foster a richer learning experience and enhanced learning outcomes, under the assumptions of a stereotypical learning context.
Internalizing and externalizing symptoms in children during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic mixed studies review
Authors: Levante Annalisa , Martis Chiara , Bianco Federica , Castelli Ilaria , Petrocchi Serena , Lecciso Flavia 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionGiven the vulnerability of children during the COVID-19 pandemic, paying close attention to their wellbeing at the time is warranted. The present protocol-based systematic mixed-studies review examines papers published during 2020–2022, focusing on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on children's internalizing/externalizing symptoms and the determinants thereof.MethodPROSPERO: CRD42022385284. Five databases were searched and the PRISMA diagram was applied. The inclusion criteria were: papers published in English in peer-reviewed journals; papers published between January 2020 and October 2022 involving children aged 5–13 years; qualitative, quantitative, and mixed studies. The standardized Mixed Method Appraisal Tool protocol was used to appraise the quality of the studies.ResultsThirty-four studies involving 40,976 participants in total were analyzed. Their principal characteristics were tabulated. The results showed that children's internalizing/externalizing symptoms increased during the pandemic, largely as a result of disengagement from play activities and excessive use of the internet. Girls showed more internalizing symptoms and boys more externalizing symptoms. Distress was the strongest parental factor mediating children's internalizing/externalizing symptoms. The quality of the studies was appraised as low (n= 12), medium (n= 12), and high (n= 10).ConclusionGender-based interventions should be designed for children and parents. The studies reviewed were cross-sectional, so long-term patterns and outcomes could not be predicted. Future researchers might consider a longitudinal approach to determine the long-term effects of the pandemic on children's internalizing and externalizing symptoms.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42022385284, identifier: CRD42022385284.
Psychometric properties and invariance of an English self-efficacy scale for university students in Peru
Authors: Mendoza-Torres Mariela Estela , Morales-García Wilter C. , Sairitupa-Sanchez Liset Z. , Morales-García Sandra B. , Rivera-Lozada Oriana , Sucapuca-Sucapuca Francisco E. , Cunza-Aranzábal Denis Frank 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundEnglish is a global language used to communicate with members of the international community. Self-efficacy in learning English is an important factor that is influenced by perceived importance, interest, and beliefs about the ability to successfully perform tasks in English.ObjectiveThe aim is to develop and validate a measurement instrument to assess English self-efficacy.MethodsA total of 453 students from different Peruvian universities participated, with ages ranging from 18 to 60 years (M = 23; SD = 6.18). Statistical techniques for latent variables were used and recommendations for educational and psychological tests were followed in its construction. The sample was divided into two groups to perform exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA).ResultsThe English Self-Efficacy Scale (ESS-P) is representative and relevant in terms of its item content (Aiken’s V &gt; 0.70). Its internal structure is organized into three first order factors and a second order factor that are consistent with the theoretical proposal and was confirmed through CFA with excellent goodness-of-fit indices (χ2 = 1184.9, gl = 626, CFI = 0.92, TLI = 0.92, RMSEA = 0.06 y SRMR = 0.04). It also has adequate internal consistency in its three factors (Reading α/ω = 0.96), Oral Communication (α/ω = 0.95), and Writing (α/ω = 0.97) and the whole scale (α/ω = 0.98), is invariant with respect to sex, and has a conceptual relationship with variables such as academic self-efficacy and exam anxiety.ConclusionThe ESS-P is a measurement instrument with evidence of validity, factorial invariance, and good reliability of its scores. Therefore, it can be used in future studies in the academic context.
Bridge connection between depression and anxiety symptoms and lifestyles in Chinese residents from a network perspective
Authors: Wang Shi-Bin , Xu Wen-Qi , Gao Li-Juan , Tan Wen-Yan , Zheng Hui-Rong , Hou Cai-Lan , Jia Fu-Jun 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundLifestyle habits are vital components of the culture of mental health treatment settings. We examined the bridge connection between depressive and anxiety symptoms and lifestyles from a network perspective using a population-based study.MethodsFace-to-face interviews were conducted with a provincially representative sample of 13,768 inhabitants from the Guangdong Sleep and Psychosomatic Health Survey based on standardized evaluation techniques. We identified the central symptoms by expected influence. The interconnection between depression and anxiety symptoms, as well as the bridge connectivity linking depression–anxiety symptoms and lifestyle factors, were assessed using the bridge centrality index. Network stability and sensibility analyses were performed using a case-dropping bootstrap procedure.ResultsThe core symptom that exhibited the highest expected influence was fatigue or little energy, followed by uncontrollable worry, trouble relaxing, and sad mood in the depression-anxiety symptoms network, while guilt was the most interconnected symptom and had the highest bridge strength. Surrounding nodes of each node explained an average variance of 57.63%. Additionally, suicidal thoughts were recognized as collective bridging symptoms connecting lifestyle variables in the network integrating depression-anxiety symptoms with lifestyle factors. Current tobacco and alcohol consumption were positively associated with suicidal thoughts and irritability. Habitual diet rhythm and physical exercise frequency were linked to suicidal thoughts, guilt, and poor appetite or overeating. Suicidal thoughts, irritability, and guilt indicated the greatest connectivity with lifestyle factors. All networks had high stability and accuracy.ConclusionThese highlighted core and bridge symptoms could serve as latent targets for the prevention and intervention of comorbid depression and anxiety. It might be crucial for clinical practitioners to design effective and targeted treatment and prevention strategies aiming at specific lifestyles and behaviors.
Metagenomic-based pathogen surveillance for children with severe pneumonia in pediatric intensive care unit
Authors: Li Meijin , Wang Jing , Yao Zhongwei , Liao Hailing , Su Shufen , Yang Xuying , Xie Mingzhou , Zheng Yinan 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundPneumonia is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in children. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) has the potential to assess the landscape of pathogens responsible for severe pulmonary infection.MethodsBronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples of 262 children with suspected pulmonary infections were collected from April 2019 to October 2021 in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) of Guangdong Women and Children Hospital. Both mNGS and conventional tests were utilized for pathogen detection.ResultsA total of 80 underlying pathogens were identified using both mNGS and conventional tests. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), Staphylococcus aureus and rhinovirus were the most frequently detected pathogens in this cohort. The incidence rate of co-infection was high (58.96%, 148/251), with bacterial-viral agents most co-detected. RSV was the main pathogen in children younger than 6 months of age, and was also commonly found in older pediatric patients. Rhinovirus was prevalent in children older than 6 months. Adenovirus and Mycoplasma pneumoniae were more prevalent in children older than 3 years than in other age groups. Pneumocystis jirovecii was detected in nearly 15% of children younger than 6 months. Besides, influenza virus and adenovirus were rarely found in 2020 and 2021.ConclusionsOur study highlights the importance of using advanced diagnostic techniques like mNGS to improve our understanding of the microbial epidemiology of severe pneumonia in pediatric patients.
Antimicrobial susceptibility testing and tentative epidemiological cut-off values for Lactobacillaceae family species intended for ingestion
Authors: Nøhr-Meldgaard Katrine , Struve Carsten , Ingmer Hanne , Koza Anna , Al-Nakeeb Kosai , Agersø Yvonne 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionIn this work, 170 strains covering 13 species from the Lactobacillaceae family were analyzed to determine minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) distributions to nine antimicrobial agents, and genes potentially conferring resistance. This allows a proposal of tentative Epidemiological Cut-Offs (ECOFFs) that follows the phylogeny for interpretation of resistance in the 13 species.MethodsThe 170 strains originated from different sources, geographical areas, and time periods. MICs for nine antibiotics were determined according to the ISO 10932 standard for lactobacillia and by a modified CLSI-method for Leuconostoc and Pediococcus which ensured sufficient growth. The strains were whole genome sequenced, subtyped by core genome analysis, and assessed for the presence of antibiotic resistance genes using the ResFinder and NCBI AMRFinder databases.Results and discussionThe data provide evidence that antimicrobial susceptibility follows phylogeny instead of fermentation pattern and accordingly, tentative ECOFFs were defined. For some species the tentative ECOFFs for specific antibiotics are above the cut-off values set by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) which are primarily defined according to fermentation pattern or at genus level. The increased tolerance for specific antibiotics observed for some species was evaluated to be innate, as only for one strain phenotypic resistance was found to be related to an acquired resistance gene. In general, more data are needed to define ECOFFs and since the number of isolates available for industrial relevant bacterial species are often limited compared to clinically relevant species, it is important; 1) that strains are unambiguously defined at species level and subtyped through core genome analysis, 2) MIC determination are performed by use of a standardized method to define species-specific MIC distributions and 3) that known antimicrobial resistance genes are determined in whole genome sequences to support the MIC determinations.
Unobtrusive cot side sleep stage classification in preterm infants using ultra-wideband radar
Authors: Arasteh Emad , de Groot Eline R. , van den Ende Demi , Alderliesten Thomas , Long Xi , de Goederen Robbin , Benders Manon , Dudink Jeroen 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundSleep is an important driver of development in infants born preterm. However, continuous unobtrusive sleep monitoring of infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) is challenging.ObjectiveTo assess the feasibility of ultra-wideband (UWB) radar for sleep stage classification in preterm infants admitted to the NICU.MethodsActive and quiet sleep were visually assessed using video recordings in 10 preterm infants (recorded between 29 and 34 weeks of postmenstrual age) admitted to the NICU. UWB radar recorded all infant's motions during the video recordings. From the baseband data measured with the UWB radar, a total of 48 features were calculated. All features were related to body and breathing movements. Six machine learning classifiers were compared regarding their ability to reliably classify active and quiet sleep using these raw signals.ResultsThe adaptive boosting (AdaBoost) classifier achieved the highest balanced accuracy (81%) over a 10-fold cross-validation, with an area under the curve of receiver operating characteristics (AUC-ROC) of 0.82.ConclusionsThe UWB radar data, using the AdaBoost classifier, is a promising method for non-obtrusive sleep stage assessment in very preterm infants admitted to the NICU.
Winning the race with aging: age-related changes in gait speed and its association with cognitive performance in dogs
Authors: Mondino Alejandra , Khan Michael , Case Beth , Fefer Gilad , Panek Wojciech K. , Gruen Margaret E. , Olby Natasha J. 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionIn humans, gait speed is a crucial component in geriatric evaluation since decreasing speed can be a harbinger of cognitive decline and dementia. Aging companion dogs can suffer from age-related mobility impairment, cognitive decline and dementia known as canine cognitive dysfunction syndrome. We hypothesized that there would be an association between gait speed and cognition in aging dogs.MethodsWe measured gait speed on and off leash in 46 adult and 49 senior dogs. Cognitive performance in senior dogs was assessed by means of the Canine Dementia Scale and a battery of cognitive tests.ResultsWe demonstrated that dogs' food-motivated gait speed off leash is correlated with fractional lifespan and cognitive performance in dogs, particularly in the domains of attention and working memory.DiscussionFood-motivated gait speed off leash represents a relatively easy variable to measure in clinical settings. Moreover, it proves to be a more effective indicator of age-related deterioration and cognitive decline than gait speed on leash.
Readability across Time and Languages: The Case of Matthew’s Gospel Translations
Authors: Matricciani Emilio 
Published: June 2023

We have studied how the readability of a text can change in translation by considering Matthew’s Gospel, written in Greek, translated into Latin and 35 modern languages. We have found that the deep-language parameters CP (characters per word), PF (words per sentence), IP (words per interpunctions), MF (interpunctions per sentence) and a universal readability index GU of each translation are so diverse from language to language, and even within a given language for which there are many versions of Matthew—such as in English and Spanish—that the resulting texts mathematically seem to be diverse. The several tens of versions of Matthew’s Gospel studied appear to address very diverse audiences. If a reader could understand all of them well, he/she would have the impression of reading texts written by diverse authors, although all of them tell the same story.
Stilbene Content and Expression of Stilbene Synthase Genes in Korean Pine Pinus koraiensis Siebold & Zucc
Authors: Suprun Andrey R. , Dubrovina Alexandra S. , Grigorchuk Valeria P. , Kiselev Konstantin V. 
Published: June 2023

Stilbenes are a large group of plant phenolic compounds that have a wide range of biologically active properties, such as antioxidant, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, and anti-angiogenic effects. In plants, stilbenes are involved in the defense against environmental stresses, including fungal infections and insect attacks. The biosynthesis of stilbenes is well described for those plant species where resveratrol and its derivatives are the predominant stilbenes. However, there is little information on stilbene biosynthesis in the Pinaceae family, although the highest content of stilbenes was found in plants of this family. In this study, seasonal variations in stilbene compositions and contents in different parts of Pinus koraiensis was described (needles, bark, wood, young branches, and strobiles). HPLC-ESI-MS analysis showed the presence of seven stilbenes in P. koraiensis: t-astringin; t-piceid; cis-piceid; t-isorapontin; t-pinostilbenoside; t-resveratrol; and t-pinostilbene. Glycosylated and methylated forms of stilbenes, such as t-astringin, t-piceid, and t-pinostilbenoside, prevailed over other stilbenoids. The highest content of stilbenes was detected in the bark collected in spring and winter (up to 54.8 mg/g dry weight). The complete protein-coding sequences of three stilbene synthase genes, PkSTS1, PkSTS2, and PkSTS3, were obtained from the RNA isolated from the P. koraiensis needles. The expression of the PkSTS1, PkSTS2, and PkSTS3 genes was analyzed using real-time PCR and frequency analysis of cloned RT-PCR products in the needles of P. koraiensis collected in different seasons. Thus, we first analyzed stilbene biosynthesis in the different organs of pine P. koraiensis and PkSTS expression depending on the year seasons.
Comparitive Analysis of the Chloroplast Genomes of Three Houpoea Plants
Authors: Xu Qinbin , Li Zhuoran , Wu Nannan , Yang Jing , Yuan Lang , Zhao Tongxing , Sima Yongkang , Xu Tao 
Published: June 2023

The genus Houpoea belongs to the family Magnoliaceae, and the species in this genus have important medicinal values. However, the investigation of the correlation between the evolution of the genus and its phylogeny has been severely hampered by the unknown range of species within the genus and the paucity of research on its chloroplast genome. Thus, we selected three species of Houpoea: Houpoea officinalis var officinalis (OO), Houpoea officinalis var. biloba (OB), and Houpoea rostrata (R). With lengths of 160,153 bp (OO), 160,011 bp (OB), and 160,070 bp (R), respectively, the whole chloroplast genomes (CPGs) of these three Houpoea plants were acquired via Illumina sequencing technology, and the findings were annotated and evaluated. These three chloroplast genomes were revealed by the annotation findings to be typical tetrads. A total of 131, 132, and 120 different genes were annotated. The CPGs of the three species had 52, 47, and 56 repeat sequences, which were primarily found in the ycf2 gene. A useful tool for identifying species is the approximately 170 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) that have been found. The border area of the reverse repetition region (IR) was studied, and it was shown that across the three Houpoea plants, it is highly conservative, with only changes between H. rostrata and the other two plants observed. Numerous highly variable areas (rps3-rps19, rpl32-trnL, ycf1, ccsA, etc.) have the potential to serve as the barcode label for Houpoea, according to an examination of mVISTA and nucleotide diversity (Pi). Phylogenetic relation indicates that Houpoea is a monophyletic taxon, and its genus range and systematic position are consistent with the Magnoliaceae system of Sima Yongkang-Lu Shugang, including five species and varieties of H. officinalis var. officinalis, H. rostrata, H. officinalis var. biloba, Houpoea obovate, and Houpoea tripetala, which evolved and differentiated from the ancestors of Houpoea to the present Houpoea in the above order. This study provides valuable information on the genus Houpoea, enriches the CPG information on Houpoea genus, and provides genetic resources for the further classification of and phylogenetic research on Houpoea.
Gut Microbiota-Mediated Pharmacokinetic Drug–Drug Interactions between Mycophenolic Acid and Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole in Humans
Authors: Dukaew Nahathai , Thongkumkoon Patcharawadee , Sirikaew Nutnicha , Dissook Sivamoke , Sakuludomkan Wannachai , Tongjai Siripong , Thiennimitr Parameth , Na Takuathung Mingkwan , Benjanuwattra Juthipong , Kongthaweelert Prachya , Koonrungsesomboon Nut 
Published: June 2023

Mycophenolic acid (MPA) and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) are commonly prescribed together in certain groups of patients, including solid organ transplant recipients. However, little is known about the pharmacokinetic drug–drug interactions (DDIs) between these two medications. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the effects of TMP-SMX on MPA pharmacokinetics in humans and to find out the relationship between MPA pharmacokinetics and gut microbiota alteration. This study enrolled 16 healthy volunteers to take a single oral dose of 1000 mg mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), a prodrug of MPA, administered without and with concurrent use of TMP-SMX (320/1600 mg/day) for five days. The pharmacokinetic parameters of MPA and its glucuronide (MPAG) were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography. The composition of gut microbiota in stool samples was profiled using a 16S rRNA metagenomic sequencing technique during pre- and post-TMP-SMX treatment. Relative abundance, bacterial co-occurrence networks, and correlations between bacterial abundance and pharmacokinetic parameters were investigated. The results showed a significant decrease in systemic MPA exposure when TMP-SMX was coadministered with MMF. Analysis of the gut microbiome revealed altered relative abundance of two enriched genera, namely the genus Bacteroides and Faecalibacterium, following TMP-SMX treatment. The relative abundance of the genera Bacteroides, [Eubacterium] coprostanoligenes group, [Eubacterium] eligens group, and Ruminococcus appeared to be significantly correlated with systemic MPA exposure. Coadministration of TMP-SMX with MMF resulted in a reduction in systemic MPA exposure. The pharmacokinetic DDIs between these two drugs were attributed to the effect of TMP-SMX, a broad-spectrum antibiotic, on gut microbiota-mediated MPA metabolism.