bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CAUSES AND EFFECTS OF GENDER-BASED VIOLENCE. A CRITICAL LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Wanjiru Quinn 
Published: January 2023

This article assesses the causes and effects of gender-based violence. Gender-Based violence refers to harmful acts directed at an individual based on their gender. Gender-based violence can include sexual, physical, mental and economic harm inflicted in public or in private. It also includes threats of violence, coercion and manipulation. This can take many forms such as intimate partner violence, sexual violence, child marriage, female genital mutilation and so-called ‘honour crimes. The consequences of gender-based violence are devastating and can have life-long repercussions for survivors. It can even lead to death. The methodological approach for these articles is based on qualitative research methods of previous articles. The learned helplessness theory and the social learning theory were used to expound more on the gender-based violence. Ten articles were reviewed using the content analysis method. The results revealed that lack of physical security, poverty, discriminatory social, cultural laws, norms and practices are some of the major causes of gender-based violence. Gender-based violence has effects such as homicide and suicide, injury and shock, disability and sleeping disorders, reproduction problems, emotional and psychological problems and social and economic problems such as increased gender inequalities. The study recommends the government should create facilities that help women experiencing Gender Based Violence such as counselling centers, funds that will help victims get rehabilitated. Government should invest in institutions like Police and the judiciary so that victims are assisted. The community should also establish community social structures such as community groups of both men and women provide a sensitization platform for people to share experiences related GBV and remedies so as to solicit support from fellow community members.
„Digitalisierung stärker nutzen“
Authors: Deininger Olaf 
Published: January 2023

Frankfurt a.M. Gemeinsam mit dem Deutschen Raiffeisenverband und dem Branchenverband der deutschen Informations- und Telekommunikationsbranche Bitkom macht sich der Industrieverband Agrar (IVA) mit dem Slogan „InnovationsBooster“ für die schnellere Anwendung von Innovationen in der Landwirtschaft stark.
Faricimab (Vabysmo)
Authors: CADTH  
Published: January 2023

CADTH reimbursement reviews are comprehensive assessments of the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness, as well as patient and clinician perspectives, of a drug or drug class.
The assessments inform non-binding recommendations that help guide the reimbursement decisions of Canada's federal, provincial, and territorial governments, with the exception of Quebec.
This review assesses faricimab (Vabysmo) 6 mg (6 mg/0.05 mL solution) for intravitreal injection.
Indication: For the treatment of diabetic macular edema.
Ensuring relevance of a multimedia assessment for the Ambulance Service
Authors: Shalfrooshan Ali 
Published: January 2023

Key digested messageSituational Judgement Tests are not only an assessment type, but also a methodology that can be used to generate a variety of novel and immersive assessments. Their popularity is typically attributed to a range of factors, but arguably their greatest strength is their perceived relevance. This is important from a variety of perspectives, including the quality of the assessment experience, the traits being activated and the extent the assessment can provide a realistic job preview. An important question remains, however: what steps can a test designer take to enhance the relevance of any assessment that they design?
Assessment in the digital age: Some challenges for Test Developers and Users
Authors: Woods Stephen A. 
Published: January 2023

Key digested messageHow should psychometrics specialists (test developers and users) respond to the challenges of the digital age? A broad challenge that faces the discipline of psychometrics is to avoid being rooted in old ways of thinking about testing, whilst simultaneously ensuring that key principles of best practice in the science of assessment are maintained and applied to the new methodologies of testing. This article explores key issues in this focal challenge.
Opening the Black Box: A practitioner’s guide to Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in assessment (Part 1)
Authors: (Aiden) Loe Bao Sheng , Abrahams Mark , Riley Philippa 
Published: January 2023

Key digested messageThe use of machine learning (ML) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) is beginning to impact the assessment of human characteristics across a number of domains. Assessment practitioners are increasingly presented with assessments which purport to be‘ML or AI scored’, as well as new approaches to assessment design which previously used psychometrics. Computer-driven scoring can appear opaque and confusing to the assessment user who is unlikely to understand why or how a score is derived.In the first of two articles, we explain what is and is not machine learning, and how it differs from psychometric approaches and Artificial Intelligence. The second part will build on this to guide assessment practitioners on the questions to ask and issues to consider when deciding whether to use ML-based assessment, as well as signposting some jargon used by data scientists.
Expectancy based measures of trainees’ motivation to learn: An overview and practical implications
Authors: Tombs Michal 
Published: January 2023

Key digested message21st Century organisations have long recognised that survival and success are closely linked to the training and development of their workforce. The time and money invested is only worthwhile, however, if employees are motivated to learn (Colquitt et al., 2000). Indeed, evidence suggests that motivation to learn matters before, during, and after training (Salas et al., 2012).As practitioners who provide training and development courses to organisations we are often confronted with the following two challenges: (1) How should we assess or measure motivation to learn, and (2) how can we leverage it. This paper is concerned with the former.
The impact of music on the academic performance of undergraduate students
Authors: Rajab Pakeezah , Pitman Michael 
Published: January 2023

Key digested messageA two-part study was conducted with undergraduates registered at South African universities to gauge their music usage behaviours. Results show that, although there is no significant difference in working memory performance between white noise and classical music conditions, students’ performance decreased significantly when they listened to music of their own choosing. This suggests that working memory capacity may be overloaded when listening to one’s own choice of music, which may negatively affect information encoded when studying and completing other academic activities, later impacting information recall and, ultimately, academic performance.
Test user registration amongst educational practitioners
Authors: Atkinson Cathy , Norris Sarah , Pancholi Mala 
Published: January 2023

Digested key messageThe British Psychological Society (BPS) developed a recognised qualification in educational test use to allow both quality assurance and a level of integrity within testing practice. A survey of qualified test users sought to establish a clearer picture of testing practice. Four hundred and thirty-seven members of the Register of Qualified Test Users (RQTU) and members of the Division of Educational and Child Psychology (DECP) mailing list responded to an online survey. Findings relating to RQTU membership indicated a range of reasons for joining, including examination arrangements and quality of testing practice. Some practitioners were not aware of the RQTU or were not required to be members because of their professional status. Further discussion of, and research into, testing practice may be beneficial for practitioners.
IQ: Where does it come from?
Authors: Hugh McCredie 
Published: January 2023

Key digested messageThis final article in the series explores the bio/neurological underpinning of the consensus, Cattell-Horn-Carroll, model of intelligence. The previous article ended with the C-H-C consensus model of a transcendent third order factor g and, an array of nine second order factors, emerging from a series which has mainly focused on the structure of human intelligence.
Ensuring and enhancing fairness: Steps taken to make multimedia assessments as inclusive as possible
Authors: Shalfrooshan Ali , Weldon Paul , Mescal Mary 
Published: January 2023

Key digested messageThe Civil Service’s diversity ambition is to become the most inclusive employer in the United Kingdom by 2020. This session will explore the decisions and steps taken to ensure fairness and accessibility when designing a suite of multimedia item banked assessments. The tests have been used across the Civil Service since 2017 and by December 2019, there have been over half a million test instances, with the test used in thousands of vacancies.This article focuses on the decisions made across the design process, as well as the steps taken to update and redevelop the test to ensure it is fair, robust and accessible to the widest range of candidates possible.
Explorers of implicit motivation part 2Investigating the unconscious
Authors: McCredie Hugh 
Published: January 2023

Key digested messageAt the turn of the nineteenth to the twentieth century, there was great interest in the role of the unconscious in the development of psychological dysfunction, although the construct motive, or specific motives, was not widely acknowledged. This, the second article in a series on motivation, traces the route to the emergence of such a construct in the 1930s and early 1940s. Our starting point is a compilation, Birney and Teevan, (1962), consisting of reprinted sequential landmark contributions, entitled ‘Measuring human motivation: An enduring problem in psychology’.
What competencies will leaders need in a new Covid-19 world?
Authors: Wright Stewart 
Published: January 2023

Key digested messageThe Covid-19 crisis created a particular pattern of shock – a rolling, growing, unpredictably evolving and quickly accelerating shock with fundamental, deeply-felt and frequently tragic impacts. The leadership agenda in response to this has, and will need to be equally fundamental, and, particularly for organisations in distress, undertaken with urgency.Whether they be leaders within the public or private sector, they will need to at least re-visit and potentially create new visions and values for their organisations; to embed resilience and resourcefulness in order to sustain new shocks; to undertake more horizon-scanning particularly for low-frequency but high-impact existential risks; and to engage and inspire virtually-working and remote teams behind the new vision for their organisations.
Making change stick: Facilitating habit change using a smartphone app
Authors: Hughes Dan , Boothroyd Poppy 
Published: January 2023

Key digested messageAchieving sustainable behaviour change ideally requires new positive habits to be developed. A key feature of successful habit change seems to be repeated practice (preferably daily). Research on using smartphone apps to facilitate habit change and encourage repeated practice shows promise but needs to be explored further in workplace context.This article explores the design and evaluation of a digital habit change exercise, delivered through a smartphone app, to help employees develop their Emotional Intelligence (EI). We share data about levels of user engagement in the exercise and the relationship between frequency of habit change practice and perceived improvement in the desired behaviour. The results from this initial evaluation suggest this is a promising approach which should be explored and enhanced further.
Counselling psychology in transition: will it be reveille or retreat?
Authors: Brammer Lawrence M 
Published: January 2023

What do you consider to be the primary issue facing counselling psychology at the moment?I plan to give you my answer to the question of the primary issue facing counselling psychology, hoping that it stimulates discussion and provokes considered action. Counselling psychology is in another state of transition, this time from a specialization with a distinct identity to something else. Perhaps a better descriptor would be a state of transformation. In any case, I think this transition is, for us, a battle for survival - thus the military metaphor in my title. Is counselling psychology experiencing an awakening reveille or a quiescent retreat?
Counselling Psychology in Britain: Status and Current Issues
Authors: Shum Jonathan 
Published: January 2023

In 1982 at the International Association of Applied Psychology Conference held in Edinburgh, two of the papers were entitled “Counselling Psychology in the 1980s in Britain” (Murgatroyd, 1982) and “Counselling Psychology in the 1980s in the United States” (Strong, 1982). They seem, therefore, to have a familiar ring at this symposium.In the first paper we read, “though counselling psychology in Britain is in its ‘infancy’ counselling is a growing area for development and action”. The writer also pointed out several positive developments in the UK which included: (i) an expansion of inter-professional involvement in counselling, (ii) the emergence of a new body of theory which had enhanced the eclectic use of counselling skills, and (iii) a growing British counselling literature. These remarks happened to sum up the most visible advances in British counselling psychology in the last six to seven years quite well.
Women’s Issues in Counselling and Psychology
Authors: Wright Pat 
Published: January 2023

Over the last decade, there has been an increasing interest in the psychology of women. Historically, the discipline of psychology has been male-defined and male-orientedRecently, while researching literature in preparation for an article, I became aware of the extent to which female subjects had been excluded, on a variety of grounds, from classic research studies quoted in the reference and introductory books to psychology. During the last decade the situation has changed and knowledge about, and interest in, women by psychologists has increased, and the study of the psychology of women is beginning to obtain scientific respectability. As this process continues, a body of knowledge is gradually beginning to develop that enables us as counselling psychologists to re-examine some of the assumptions and attitudes that we may bring in to the counselling room. Assumptions and values that have reflected the approach to women’s problems by the medical profession and traditional psychoanalytic theories.
On Becoming of Equivalence to the Diploma
Authors: Shillito-Clarke Carol 
Published: January 2023

The paper in front of me states that my qualifications and experience have been scrutinized by the Board of Examiners and found to be “at least equivalent to those required of someone who holds the Society’s own Diploma in Counselling Psychology”. I have had it a month now and the feelings of pride, excitement and empowerment have not diminished.Having it doesn’t make me a better practitioner, although in some people’s eyes it will give me greater credibility, no doubt. It certainly doesn’t make me a better person. So why is it so important? I think that it is because it brings together a diverse, even disparate, collection of work, learning and experience, and recognizes them as having a unitary validity and meaning that has hitherto been missing. I have done some writing here and a research project or two there; counselling, teaching and training all over the place. And nowhere a higher degree or Diploma … “Ay, there’s the rub”; the reason why I nearly scrapped my application altogether and why I now need to write this piece.
“Counselling Psychology”
Authors: Palmer Stephen , Lane David 
Published: January 2023

David, can you tell me about your involvement in counselling psychology and the BPS Counselling Section and Special Group in recent years?Yes, I’ve been involved really for many years but came off the committee at the last meeting. It seemed like the right time to go, particularly as the Diploma is up and running. In a sense the whole process of counselling psychology had become established and recognized within the BPS. For much of the time previously the emphasis was on generating recognition within the BPS, that counselling psychology actually existed. There is now a thing called counselling psychology although the disputes go backwards and forwards both within counselling psychology itself, members of the original Section and the Special Group, between those who do not necessarily feel that counselling psychology as a profession exists.
Multicultural Counselling Research: An Evaluation with Proposals for Future Research
Authors: Jewel Peter 
Published: January 2023

Traditional counselling theories have frequently been criticised for their lack of multicultural relevance, yet even today many UK counsellors assume a prevailing white (and middle class) culture. This summary of research findings in multicultural counselling has had to rely entirely on evidence from the USA, since to my knowledge very little comparable work has been done in this country.This section gives a brief overview of the current research, emphasizing its lack of agreed findings and the limitations in methodology. It then focuses on three major questions, asking whether counsellor race/ ethnicity, explicit multicultural counsellor education and current research affect the counselling process and outcome.
Early Experiences As Factors Influencing Occupational Choice in Counselling and Psychotherapy
Authors: Merodoulaki G. Manya 
Published: January 2023

Vocational choice can be defined as the process by which an individual comes to follow a certain occupation, to enter a specific field of work. The theme of vocational choice has largely been explored by occupational psychologists and career guidance officers. Various theories have been developed, regarding how the actual choice is made, what process(es) one goes through, and what factors act on the process and influence the final decisions.Although theories about vocational choice have been put forward from various disciplines, the ones that will be presented here come primarily from the psychology field. These theories deal primarily with aspects within the individual which play a role as motivating forces and/or as part of the process, and include psychodynamic theories and need theories, self theory of occupational choice, and the developmental and the differentialist theories.
The Impact of the Termination of Brief Psychotherapy, and its Implications for Counselling Practice
Authors: Donoghue Kate 
Published: January 2023

As a clinical psychology trainee, the ending of my last placement signalled the contractual ending of therapy for many of the clients I had been working with. For some, this phase of treatment appeared to be a non-traumatic, anticipated event. For others however, termination proved to prompt strong feelings of grief, anger and disappointment These reactions highlighted for me the significance of the termination phase in time-limited therapy. The critical issue seemed to be how and when to say goodbye, so that the parting would be constructive and none of the earlier positive gains lost.This paper sets out to address this issue. Clients’ affective reactions to the termination of brief psychotherapy shall be reviewed. Implications of these findings for practice and further research will then be examined. It is not within the scope of this review, however, to include therapists’ affective reactions to endings nor to evaluate the literature on forced or premature termination.
Theoretical Paper - Counselling psychology and power: Considering therapy and beyond
Authors: Harrison Kate 
Published: January 2023

Content & FocusPower imbalances are present in therapy despite the desire for equality. In this paper I consider explicit and implicit power dynamics between the therapist and the client and look specifically at how power manifests in therapy by considering the therapist’s role as expert, the assumption that all clients want positive growth, the misunderstandings around the relationship between a therapist and their client that can develop, the interventions a therapist makes, the outcome of therapy and the societal forces that impact on a client. I then consider the dynamics outside and inside therapy that can influence power. I discuss how informed consent, awareness of societal forces, compassionate acceptance, metacommunication and therapist self-disclosure can help to empower the client through their therapeutic journey.ConclusionI conclude that it is better to be mindful of power in therapy than to assume power imbalances can all be overcome. Furthermore, I argue that counselling psychologists are well placed to maturely negotiate the complexity around such a discourse. I specifically discuss the importance of reflexive practice in counselling psychology and reflect upon the need for practitioners to respond to individual client’s needs and use a flexible transparent pluralistic framework, where one style of therapy is not regarded as suiting every client.
Editorial The power of counselling psychology in an age of powerlessness: A call to action
Authors: Edith Steffen , Hanley Terry 
Published: January 2023

Content & FocusActing as a preface to the Special Edition on ‘Power and Equality’, this editorial reflects on changes in our society’s relationship with the concept of power and suggests that a sense of (political) powerlessness in the face of inequality and abuse of power is not only affecting society in general but also the discipline of counselling psychology, despite our declared links with critical social science. It posits that a concern with ‘social justice’ may be a way forward but that this can also leave underlying power structures unchallenged. It reminds counselling psychology of the need to be aware of our power, both in a self-critical sense and in the sense of the potentially positive (political) potency of our tools. Following on from these initial con.sideralion.s, the editorial then introduces the initial considerations, the editorial then introduces the individual contributions that form part of this rich and thought-provoking issue.