bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PRpnp, a novel dual activity PNP family protein improves plant vigour and confers multiple stress tolerance in Citrus aurantifolia
Authors: Singh Sweta , Chaudhary Chanderkant , Bharsakale Rushikesh D. , Gazal Snehi , Verma Lokesh , Tarannum Zeba , Behere Ganesh T. , Giri Jitender , Germain Hugo , Ghosh Dilip K. , Sharma Ashwani K. , Chauhan Harsh 
Published: January 2023

SummaryUnder field conditions, plants are often simultaneously exposed to several abiotic and biotic stresses resulting in significant reductions in growth and yield; thus, developing a multi‐stress tolerant variety is imperative. Previously, we reported the neofunctionalization of a novel PNP family protein, Putranjiva roxburghii purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PRpnp) to trypsin inhibitor to cater to the needs of plant defence. However, to date, no study has revealed the potential role and mechanism of either member of this protein group in plant defence. Here, we overexpressed PRpnp in Citrus aurantifolia which showed nuclear‐cytoplasmic localization, where it functions in maintaining the intracellular purine reservoir. Overexpression of PRpnp significantly enhanced tolerance to salt, oxidative stress, alkaline pH, drought and two pests, Papilio demoleus and Scirtothrips citri in transgenic plants. Global gene expression studies revealed that PRpnp overexpression up‐regulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to ABA‐ and JA‐biosynthesis and signalling, plant defence, growth and development. LC–MS/MS analysis validated higher endogenous ABA and JA accumulation in transgenic plants. Taken together, our results suggest that PRpnp functions by enhancing the endogenous ABA and JA, which interact synergistically and it also inhibits trypsin proteases in the insect gut. Also, like other purine salvage genes, PRpnp also regulates CK metabolism and increases the levels of CK‐free bases in transgenic Mexican lime. We also suggest that PRpnp can be used as a potential candidate to develop new varieties with improved plant vigour and enhanced multiple stress resistance.
Accretionary orogenesis triggered by collision across continent distance: Evidence from the Proto‐Tethyan West Kunlun, China
Authors: Wang Yan‐Jun , Zhu Wei‐Guang , Zhang Zheng‐Wei , Yang Kang , Wu Cheng‐Quan , Xu Jin‐Hong , Leng Cheng‐Biao , Xu Jian‐Bing 
Published: January 2023

AbstractProto‐Tethyan orogenic processes prior to the late Ordovician collision remain unclear. Both whole‐rock La/Yb‐ and zircon Eu/Eu*‐based crustal thickness proxies along with petrological and geological observations were used to reconstruct mountain‐building history for the West Kunlun orogenic belt, China, over the span of Early Palaeozoic. Here, we demonstrate that Proto‐Tethyan West Kunlun crust has observed significant accretionary orogeneses at 520–480 Ma and 480–450 Ma and collisional orogenesis at 450–400 Ma. The 520–480 Ma accretionary orogenesis in West Kunlun together with the coeval Delamerian accretionary contractional orogenesis in eastern Australia were simultaneously induced by continent‐continent collisions that welded the Gondwana landmass. Ca. 440 Ma docking of Tarim and its eastern neighbouring blocks along the northern margin of Gondwana in turn triggered the Lachlan accretionary orogenesis along the opposite margin. This study highlights that accretionary orogenesis could be a manifestation of far‐field compressional stress from continent‐continent collision.
Computed tomographic findings may be useful for differentiating small intestinal adenocarcinomas, lymphomas, and spindle cell sarcomas in dogs
Authors: Lee Seonah , Hwang Jeongyeon , Kim Hyunwook , Hong Yeonjung , Lee Gahyun , Chung Doori , Kim Jaehwan , Eom Kidong 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAn improved understanding of the CT characteristics for histologically confirmed primary intestinal tumors would be helpful for guiding prognosis and treatment plans in affected dogs. This retrospective, multi‐center, analytical study aimed to evaluate the CT characteristics for the differentiation of adenocarcinoma, lymphoma, and spindle cell sarcoma (SCS) in dogs. Thirty‐seven dogs who underwent contrast CT and histopathological examinations were included (adenocarcinomas, n = 11; lymphomas, n = 12; SCS, n = 14). Quantitative and qualitative CT parameters, including tumor morphology, contrast enhancement pattern, Hounsfield unit (HU) value, and presence or absence of intraabdominal lymphadenopathy, were evaluated for each included small intestine tumor CT case. Adenocarcinomas tended to show endophytic growth, intestinal obstruction, and a heterogeneous enhancement pattern. Lymphomas tended to show exophytic growth, contrast enhancement of the intestinal tumor mucosal layer, a homogeneous enhancement pattern, and the presence of lymphadenopathies in the abdominal cavity. SCSs tended to show lobulated growth, a large cystic portion within the tumor, a heterogeneous enhancement pattern, a large size with fat stranding sign, and lower HU values in postcontrast images. Cut‐off values of the minimum diameter/fifth lumbar vertebral mid‐body height (≥5.80; area under the curve [AUC] = 0.97, P < 0.001) and minimum HU value/HU value of the aorta (≤0.26; AUC = 0.96, P < 0.001) were derived to discriminate SCS from the two other tumor types. In conclusion, contrast CT characteristics may be useful in differentiating small intestinal adenocarcinomas, lymphomas, and SCSs in dogs.
On a topological Erdős similarity problem
Authors: Gallagher John , Lai Chun‐Kit , Weber Eric 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA pattern is called universal in another collection of sets, when every set in the collection contains some linear and translated copy of the original pattern. Paul Erdős proposed a conjecture that no infinite set is universal in the collection of sets with positive measure. This paper explores an analogous problem in the topological setting. Instead of sets with positive measure, we investigate the collection of dense sets and the collection of generic sets (dense and complement has Lebesgue measure zero). We refer to such pattern as topologically universal and generically universal, respectively. It is easy to show that any countable set is topologically universal, while any set containing an interior cannot be topologically universal. In this paper, we will show that Cantor sets on are not topologically universal and Cantor sets with positive Newhouse thickness on are not generically universal. This gives a positive partial answer to a question by Svetic concerning the Erdős similarity problem on Cantor sets. Moreover, we also obtain a higher dimensional generalization of the generic universality problem.
Identification of Motor Control Objectives in Human Locomotion via Multi-Objective Inverse Optimal Control
Authors: Tomasi Matilde , Artoni Alessio 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPredictive simulations of human motion are a precious resource for a deeper understanding of the motor control policies encoded by the central nervous system. They also have profound implications for the design and control of assistive and rehabilitation devices, for ergonomics, as well as for surgical planning. However, the potential of state-of-the-art predictive approaches is not fully realized yet, making it difficult to draw convincing conclusions about the actual optimality principles underlying human walking. In the present study, we propose a novel formulation of a bilevel, inverse optimal control strategy based on a full-body three-dimensional neuromusculoskeletal model. In the lower level, prediction of walking is formulated as a principled multi-objective optimal control problem based on a weighted Chebyshev metric, whereas the contributions of candidate control objectives are systematically and efficiently identified in the upper level. Our framework has proved to be effective in determining the contributions of the selected objectives and in reproducing salient features of human locomotion. Nonetheless, some deviations from the experimental kinematic and kinetic trajectories have emerged, suggesting directions for future research. The proposed framework can serve as an inverse optimal control platform for testing multiple optimality criteria, with the ultimate goal of learning the control objectives that best explain observed human motion.2
Natural growth of gold dendrites within silica gels
Authors: Monecke Thomas , Reynolds T. James , Taksavasu Tadsuda , Tharalson Erik R. , Zeeck Lauren R. , Guzman Mario , Gissler Garrett , Sherlock Ross 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
High-grade ores in low-sulfidation epithermal precious metal deposits include banded quartz veins that contain gold dendrites. The processes by which dendrite growth takes place have been subject to debate for decades, especially given that these deposits are known to form from dilute thermal liquids that contain only trace amounts of gold. It is shown here that growth of gold dendrites in epithermal veins at the McLaughlin deposit in California (western USA) originally took place within bands of gel-like noncrystalline silica. The gel provided a framework for the delicate dendrites to form. The high permeability of the gel allowed the diffusion and advection of gold from the thermal liquids flowing across the top of the silica layers to the sites of crystal growth within the gel. Over time, the gel hardened to form opal-AG. This silica phase is thermodynamically unstable and recrystallized to quartz that has a distinct mosaic texture.
Activity of Palladium(II) Complexes with N-Heterocyclic Carbene Ligands in Solvent-Free Telomerization of 1,3-Butadiene with Methanol
Authors: Topchiy M. A. , Rzhevskiy S. A. , Minaeva L. I. , Asachenko A. F. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This paper describes an investigation of the catalytic activity of a series of N-heterocyclic palladium(II) complexes with a cinnamyl auxiliary ligand in telomerization of butadiene with methanol. The catalytic activity of the cinnamyl N-heterocyclic complexes was compared with that of PEPPSI type complexes.
Elbow luxation in a patient with congenital dislocation of the radial head
Authors: van Groningen Nicole J , Bontemps Saskia , Schmidt Ben G 
Published: January 2023

Elbow dislocations are commonly seen and can occur after trauma or be congenital. The literature on congenital dislocations is scarce. No cases of an additional luxation of a pre-existing congenital radial head dislocation with a traumatic ulnohumeral dislocation have been described. This case involves a young man with no prior history who presented after trauma of the right elbow. He presented with pain, and his radial head was palpable behind the olecranon, and on imaging it appeared to be more proximal. After additional imaging, the dislocation of the radial head turned out to be congenital combined with an additional luxation of the ulna. This finding influenced our diagnostic approach and reposition method, which, instead of only traction–countertraction, also included pronation and supination.This case highlights the clinical importance of identifying and recognising a patient with a congenital dislocation of the radial head and an additional luxation of the elbow.
Safety and effectiveness of intravitreal dexamethasone implant in patients with ocular toxocariasis
Authors: Sun Limei , Huang Li , Li Songshan , Lu Jinglin , Zheng Shuxin , Ding Xiaoyan 
Published: January 2023

AimsTo evaluate the safety and effectiveness of intravitreal dexamethasone (DEX) implant in patients with active uveitis due to ocular toxocariasis (OT).MethodsSeventy-eight patients with OT were recruited in this retrospective study, including 51 patients in DEX group treated with intravitreal DEX implant and 27 patients in control group without intervention. The reduction of vitreous haze scores (VHS), the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) changes, intraocular pressure (IOP) and cataract progression and formation were recorded at baseline (V0), 1 (V1), 3 (V3) and 6 months (V6) after treatment in DEX group, and V0 and V6 in control group.ResultsThere was no change in VHS and BCVA in control group between V0 and V6. Better VHS (p=0.001) and BCVA (p=0.022) was achieved in DEX group; the rate of VHS=0 was 0%, 67.4%, 42.9% and 44.9% at V0, V1, V3 and V6, respectively (p＜0.001), and the mean BCVA was improved from logMAR 1.5±0.9 to 1.2±0.9 at V1, 1.4±1.0 at V3 and 1.4±1.2 at V6. A favourable BCVA at V1 was associated with older age (p=0.038) and uninvolved macula (p=0.000) in DEX group. No significant difference in IOP elevation ≥10 mm Hg, cataract progression and formation between groups. More eyes needed retinal surgery in control group (p<0.001).ConclusionsThis was the first study to investigate use of intravitreal DEX implant in OT patients, which can efficiently reduce ocular inflammation and improve BCVA in macular uninvolved patients.
Labour market participation and retirement after stroke in Denmark: registry based cohort study
Authors: Skajaa Nils , Adelborg Kasper , Horváth-Puhó Erzsébet , Rothman Kenneth J , Henderson Victor W , Thygesen Lau Caspar , Sørensen Henrik Toft 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Objective
To examine labour market participation and retirement among patients with stroke and matched people in the general population according to stroke subtype.

Design
Nationwide, population based, matched cohort study.

Setting
Danish Stroke Registry, covering all Danish hospitals, and other nationwide registries (2005-18).

Participants
Patients (aged 18-60 years and active in the labour market) with a first time diagnosis of ischaemic stroke (n=16 577), intracerebral haemorrhage (n=2025), or subarachnoid haemorrhage (n=4305), and individuals from the general population, matched on age, sex, and calendar year (n=134 428). The median Scandinavian stroke scale score was 55.

Main outcome measures
Unweighted prevalences of labour market participation, receipt of sick leave benefits, receipt of disability pension, voluntary early retirement, state pension, and death were computed for each week and up to five years after stroke diagnosis. A log-linear Poisson model was used to obtain exact prevalence estimates as well as propensity score weighted prevalence differences and prevalence ratios at six months, one year, two years, and five years after stroke diagnosis.

Results
Most patients (62% of those with ischaemic stroke, 69% of those with intracerebral haemorrhage, and 52% of those with subarachnoid haemorrhage) went on sick leave within three weeks of diagnosis. Prevalence of labour market participation among patients with ischaemic stroke compared with matched individuals from the general population was 56.6% versus 96.6% at six months, and 63.9% versus 91.6% at two years. Prevalence of sick leave was 39.8% versus 2.6% at six months, and 15.8% versus 3.8% at two years. Prevalence of receipt of a disability pension was 0.9% versus 0.2% at six months, and 12.2% versus 0.6% at two years. Adjusting for socioeconomic and comorbidity differences between patients and matched individuals from the general population using propensity score weighting methods had little impact on contrasts. Patients with intracerebral haemorrhage had higher prevalences of sick leave and receipt of a disability pension and thus a lower prevalence of labour market participation, while prevalences for patients with subarachnoid haemorrhage were similar in magnitude to those for patients with ischaemic stroke.

Conclusions
In a highly resourced country, about two thirds of working age adults with ischaemic stroke of primarily mild severity participated in the labour market two years after diagnosis. Sick leave and receipt of a disability pension were the most common reasons for non-participation. Patients with intracerebral haemorrhage were less likely to return to the labour market than patients with ischaemic stroke and subarachnoid haemorrhage.
Cardiovascular and renal outcomes among patients with type 2 diabetes using SGLT2 inhibitors added to metformin: a population-based cohort study from the UK
Authors: Gonzalez Perez Antonio , Vizcaya David , Sáez Maria E , Lind Marcus , Garcia Rodriguez Luis A 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionLarge numbers of patients with type 2 diabetes receive treatment with a sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT2i). We investigated whether the cardiorenal preventative effects found in clinical trials are also seen in clinical practice where patient characteristics and adherence to treatment differ.Research design and methodsUsing UK primary care electronic health records, we followed two cohorts of patients with type 2 diabetes prescribed metformin: SGLT2is (N=12 978) and a matched comparator of patients not using an SGLT2i at the start of follow-up (N=44 286). Independent follow-ups were performed to identify the study outcomes: cardiovascular (CV) composite (comprising non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI)/ischemic stroke (IS) requiring hospitalization and CV death), severe renal disease, and all-cause mortality. Cox regression was used to estimate adjusted HRs.ResultsMean follow-up was 2.3 years (SGLT2i cohort) and 2.1 years (comparison cohort). Mean age was 59.6 years (SD ±10.2, SGLT2i cohort) and 60.4 years (SD ±10.0, comparison cohort). SGLT2i new users were associated with a reduced risk of the CV composite (HR 0.75, 95% CI: 0.61 to 0.93), severe renal disease (HR 0.55, 95% CI: 0.46 to 0.67), and all-cause mortality (HR 0.56, 95% CI: 0.49 to 0.63), with risk reductions similar irrespective of baseline chronic kidney disease. Reduced risks were seen for IS (HR 0.51, 95% CI: 0.36 to 0.74) but not MI (HR 0.98, 95% CI: 0.74 to 1.28). Results were consistent in sensitivity analyses.ConclusionsIn this population-based study, SGLT2is were associated with significant CV, renal and survival benefits among individuals with type 2 diabetes on metformin; the CV benefit was driven by a reduced risk of ischemic stroke.
Drivers of healthcare costs in patients with ischaemic stroke: a hospital-based retrospective cohort study
Authors: Mensing Liselore A , Kappelle L Jaap , Koffijberg Hendrik , Ruigrok Ynte M 
Published: January 2023

ObjectivesTo evaluate how costs of healthcare can be reduced, there is an increasing need to gain insight into the main drivers of such costs. We evaluated drivers of costs of predefined subgroups of patients who had a stroke by linking cost registration with clinical data.MethodsWe retrospectively selected 555 consecutive patients with ischaemic stroke participating between June 2011 and December 2016 in the Dutch Parelsnoer Initiative. Patient characteristics and costs of healthcare activities during hospital admission and the first 3 months after discharge were linked. Patients were divided in subgroups based on age, severity of stroke, stroke subtype, discharge destination and functional outcome. Unit cost per healthcare activity was based on 2018 rates for mutual service in euros. Mean total costs per subgroup were calculated. Multivariate analysis was performed to identify factors associated with costs.ResultsNumber of admitted days was the main driver of total hospital costs (range 82%–93%) in all predefined subgroups of patients. Second driver was radiological diagnostic investigations (range 2%–9%). Highest costs were observed in patients with a younger age at the time of admission, a higher modified Rankin Scale at the time of discharge and a nursing home as discharge destination. The distribution of costs over the different healthcare activities was associated with stroke subtype; for example, in patients with a cardiac embolism most costs were spent on cardiology-related healthcare activities.ConclusionThe number of admitted days was the most important driver of costs in all subgroups of patients with ischaemic stroke. This implicates that to reduce healthcare costs for patients who had a stroke, focus should be on reducing length of hospital stay.
Regional disparities in hospital utilisation in Indonesia: a cross-sectional analysis data from the 2018 Indonesian Basic Health Survey
Authors: Laksono Agung Dwi , Wulandari Ratna Dwi , Rohmah Nikmatur , Rukmini Rukmini , Tumaji Tumaji 
Published: January 2023

ObjectivesPolicymakers must ensure that the entire population has equal access to health services, and efforts to minimise inequalities are needed. This study aimed to analyse the regional disparities in hospital utilisation in Indonesia.DesignA cross-sectional study analysing secondary data from the 2018 Indonesian Basic Health Survey.SettingNational-level survey data from Indonesia.ParticipantsA total of 629 370 participants were included in the study.InterventionWe employed no interventionPrimary and secondary outcome measuresThe primary outcome was hospital utilisation. Aside from region, we utilise residence type, age, gender, marital status, educational level, occupation, wealth, insurance and travel time as control variables. We used binary logistic regression in the final analysisResultsThe respondents in Sumatra were 1.079 times (95% CI 1.073 to 1.085) more likely than those in Papua to use the hospital. Furthermore, compared with the respondents in Papua, those in the Java–Bali region (1.075 times, 95% CI 1.069 to 1.081), Nusa Tenggara (1.106 times, 95% CI 1.099 to 1.113), Sulawesi (1.008 times, 95% CI 1.002 to 1.014) and Kalimantan (1.212 times, 95% CI 1.205 to 1.219) were more likely to use the hospital. However, those in Maluku were less likely than those in Papua to use the hospital (0.827 times, 95% CI 0.820 to 0.835). Six demographic variables (age, gender, marital status, educational level, occupation and wealth) and three other control variables (residence type, insurance and travel time to the hospital) were found to be associated with hospital utilisation.ConclusionsOur findings highlight the existence of regional disparities in hospital utilisation in Indonesia.
Current state of management and outcomes of facial nerve palsy in low-income and middle-income countries: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Ikwuegbuenyi Chibuikem A , Ooi Setthasorn Zhi Yang , Takoutsing Berjo Dongmo , Jesuyajolu Damilola A , Nwanmah Chibueze , Olobatoke Tunde , Ogunfolaji Oloruntoba , David Samuel , Ojo Tioluwani , Umutoni Alice 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionThe aim of the protocol is to present the methodology of a scoping review that aims to synthesise up-to-date evidence on the management and outcomes of facial nerve palsy in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs).Methods and analysisThe scoping review will be conducted per the Arksey and O’Malley’s framework and the Joanna Briggs Institute Reviewers’ Manual. The scoping review question, eligibility criteria and search strategy will be developed in accordance to the Population, Concept, and Context strategy. The search will be conducted in electronic bibliographic databases (Medline (OVID), Embase, WHO Global Index Medicus, Cochrane Library, Global Health, African Journals Online). The review will synthesise and report the findings with descriptive statistics and a narrative description of both quantitative and qualitative evidence.Ethics and disseminationThis scoping review does not require ethical approval. This protocol will describe the proposed scoping review that will map the evidence on the management and outcomes of facial nerve palsies in LMICs. The proposed review aims to collate and summarise published literature to inform policy-makers and healthcare organisations and governments and to identify knowledge gaps that will translate into future research priorities in LMICs.