bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Total Calcium Intake Is Associated With Trabecular Bone Density in Adolescent Girls With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Saunders Rylee K , Kilroe Kathleen M , Joseph Taïsha V. , Caksa Signe , Bouxsein Mary L , Misra Madhusmita , Mitchell Deborah M 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACTType 1 diabetes (T1D) confers an increased risk of fracture and is associated with lower bone mineral density (BMD) and altered microarchitecture compared with controls. Adequate calcium (Ca) intake promotes bone mineralization, thereby increasing BMD. The objective of this analysis was to evaluate the associations of total daily Ca intake with bone outcomes among youth with T1D. This was a cross‐sectional analysis of girls ages 10–16 years with (n = 62) and without (n = 60) T1D. We measured Ca intake with a validated food‐frequency questionnaire and BMD, microarchitecture, and strength estimates with dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry and high‐resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography. Total daily Ca intake did not differ between groups (950 ± 488 in T1D versus 862 ± 461 mg/d in controls, p = 0.306). Serum 25OHD was lower in T1D (26.3 ± 7.6 versus 32.6 ± 9.0 ng/mL, p = <0.001), and parathyroid hormone (PTH) was higher in T1D (38.9 ± 11 versus 33.4 ± 9.7 pg/mL, p = 0.004). Trabecular volumetric BMD and thickness at the tibia were lower in T1D (p = 0.013, p = 0.030). Ca intake correlated with trabecular BMD at the radius and tibia among T1D participants (β = 0.27, p = 0.047, and β = 0.28, p = 0.027, β = 0.28, respectively) but not among controls (pinteraction = 0.009 at the radius, pinteraction = 0.010 at the tibia). Similarly, Ca intake was associated with estimated failure load at the tibia in T1D but not control participants (p = 0.038, β = 0.18; pinteraction = 0.051). We observed the expected negative association of Ca intake with parathyroid hormone in controls (p = 0.022, β = −0.29) but not in T1D participants (pinteraction = 0.022). Average glycemia as measured by hemoglobin A1c did not influence the relationship of Ca and PTH among participants with T1D (pinteraction = 0.138). These data suggest that youth with T1D may be particularly vulnerable to dietary Ca insufficiency. Increasing Ca intake may be an effective strategy to optimize bone health in this population. © 2023 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
How duration of storage affects food waste behavior
Authors: Xie Vivian (Jieru) , Bagchi Rajesh 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe investigate how duration of storage affects food waste behavior. We propose and demonstrate a negative impact of duration of storage: even when two packaged food products are otherwise identical (i.e., same manufacturing/expiration dates, not expired, and unopened), the product that has been stored for a longer duration under current ownership is more likely to be wasted and is likely to be wasted in greater quantities. This occurs because duration of storage lowers consumers' perceptions of food freshness, even when normative justification is not possible. The duration of storage has an independent effect over and above those due to manufacturing and expiration dates, and the effect persists in both single and joint evaluations. We draw from research in several areas, including ownership, mental accounting, food science, and waste management to develop our theory. We report findings from six pre‐registered studies, provide process evidence, and identify interventions to lower food waste.
Chemical activation of Microcystis aeruginosa biomass: a promising approach for enhanced diclofenac sorption and water treatment
Authors: Momin Sengjrang Ch , Nath Jyotishma , Mahana Abhijeet , Pradhan Ran Bahadur , Mehta Surya Kant 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDDiclofenac (DCF), a widely used nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drug, has been detected in the environment. Its presence is of concern due to potential ecological impacts and health risks. The development of effective technologies for the removal of DCF from water is of paramount importance. The efficient removal of DCF from highly diluted solutions poses a further significant challenge. Microcystis aeruginosa, a rapidly growing cyanobacterium, possesses significant potential as a valuable biomass resource that is currently underutilized. This study investigates various pretreatments to enhance the adsorption capacity of nontoxic M. aeruginosa ACCMU‐118 biomass for DCF removal.RESULTSAlkali‐pretreated biomass achieved over 90% DCF removal at concentrations of 1000–5000 μg L−1. The modified biomass showed comparable efficiency in removing DCF from binary solutions containing heavy metals (Cd2+) or ibuprofen. Fourier transform infrared analysis revealed hydroxyl, carboxylic acid and alkene functional groups on the biomass surface contributing to DCF sorption. Chemical pretreatment enhanced binding site exposure, increasing DCF sorption capacity. Thermodynamic analysis confirmed the exothermic sorption and thermodynamically favorable process. Methanol regeneration allowed multiple sorption–desorption cycles, enhancing sustainability.CONCLUSIONThis cost‐effective approach demonstrates the potential of M. aeruginosa biomass for selective and efficient DCF removal from contaminated water sources. Chemical pretreatment expands the application potential of M. aeruginosa biomass as a biosorbent, showcasing its advantages in addressing the challenges of contaminated water treatment. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Attenuation of quorum sensing regulated virulence functions and biofilm of pathogenic bacteria by medicinal plant Artemisia annua and its phytoconstituent 1, 8‐cineole
Authors: Khan Mo Ahamad , Shahid Mohammad , Celik Ismail , Khan Haris M. , Shahzad Anwar , Husain Fohad Mabood , Adil Mohd 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe emergence of multidrug resistance (MDR) in bacterial pathogens is a serious public health concern. A significant therapeutic target for MDR infections is the quorum sensing‐regulated bacterial pathogenicity. Determining the anti‐quorum sensing abilities of certain medicinal plants against bacterial pathogens as well as the in‐silico interactions of particular bioactive phytocompounds with QS and biofilm‐associated proteins were the objectives of the present study. In this study, 6 medicinal plants were selected based on their ethnopharmacological usage, screened for Anti‐QS activity and Artemisia annua leaf extract (AALE) demonstrated pigment inhibitory activity against Chromobacterium violaceum CV12472. Further, the methanol active fraction significantly inhibited the virulence factors (pyocyanin, pyoverdine, rhamnolipid and swarming motility) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 and Serratia marcescens MTCC 97 at respective sub‐MICs. The inhibition of biofilm was determined using a microtiter plate test and scanning electron microscopy. Biofilm formation was impaired by 70%, 72% and 74% in P. aeruginosa, C. violaceum and S. marcescens, respectively at 0.5xMIC of the extract. The phytochemical content of the extract was studied using GC–MS and 1, 8‐cineole was identified as major bioactive compound. Furthermore, 1, 8‐cineole was docked with quorum sensing (QS) proteins (LasI, LasR, CviR, and rhlR) and biofilm proteins (PilY1 and PilT). In silico docking and dynamics simulations studies suggested interactions with QS‐receptors CviR’, LasI, LasR, and biofilm proteins PilY1, PilT for anti‐QS activity. Further, 1, 8‐cineole demonstrated 66% and 51% reduction in violacein production and biofilm formation, respectively to validate the findings of computational analysis. Findings of the present investigation suggests that 1, 8‐cineole plays a crucial role in the QS and biofilm inhibitory activity demonstrated by Artemisia annua extract.Research Highlights
Artemisia annua leaf extract (AALE) methanol fraction demonstrated broad‐spectrum QS and biofilm inhibition
Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirmed biofilm inhibition
Molecular docking and simulation studies suggested positive interactions of 1,8‐cineol with QS‐receptors and biofilm proteins
Moderate to severe hepatic steatosis on computerized tomography imaging: Prevalence in obese Pacific Islanders and Asians
Authors: Thomas Bradley James Ikaika , Takakusagi Melia Nicole , Zhang Ruixue , Yoon Hyo‐Chun 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackground and AimHepatic steatosis (HS) is common worldwide, but there is little data on the prevalence of HS in Pacific Islanders (PIs) and Asians within the United States. Our aim was to compare prevalence of HS in obese 18–50‐year‐olds of Asian and PI ethnicity who underwent computerized tomography (CT).MethodsWe performed a retrospective analysis of all members of an integrated healthcare system who self‐identified as Asian or PI, were between the ages of 18 and 50 years, had a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30, and underwent a CT scan that included the liver during 2021, resulting in 748 subjects. Imaging was analyzed using a method sensitive and specific for moderate to severe HS. Additionally, multiple binary logistic regression was performed to explore the relationship between HS and HbA1c, BMI, and age.ResultsOf the 748 patients, 311 (41.6%) had HS. We found no significant difference in the prevalence of HS between Asians and PIs (χ21 = 1.3, P = 0.25), between Asian and PI men (χ21 = 2.8, P = 0.096), or between Asian and PI women (χ21 = 0.053, P = 0.82). Higher odds of HS was associated with increasing BMI (OR = 1.08; 95% CI: 1.06–1.11; P < 0.001) and HbA1c (OR = 1.15; 95% CI: 1.04–1.26; P = 0.00489), but HS was not associated with age in this age range (OR = 0.993; 95% CI: 0.973–1.01; P = 0.46).ConclusionModerate to severe HS is very common in obese Asian and PI adults, and occurs at similar rates in these ethnicities. Abdominal CT imaging presents an opportunity to diagnose HS and provides relevant information to patients and healthcare providers.
Age‐related genes USP2 and ARG2 are involved in the reduction of immune cell infiltration in elderly patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Cheng Qi , Chen Mo , Liu Mengdan , Wang Fangying , Chen Xin , Sun Wenjia , Du Yan , Wu Huaxiang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundThere are large differences in clinical manifestations and biological markers between elderly patients with rheumatoid arthritis (EPRA, age >60) and younger patients with RA (YPRA, age ≤60), partly owing to variations in the immune system of different age groups. Here, we focused on the changes of immune cell infiltration in YPRA and EPRA.MethodsThe R packages “ssGSEA” and “GSEA” were used to identify the changes in immune cell infiltration and immune‐related pathways between the two groups. The R packages “WGCNA” and “DEseq2” were used to screen and verify age‐related differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Hub genes were identified using Cytoscape and cytoHubba. Spearman correlation coefficient was conducted to evaluate correlations between hub age‐related genes and immune cells.ResultsCompared with 54 established YPRA, several immune cells and immune‐related pathways were markedly decreased in 29 EPRA synovial tissues. Moreover, 78 age‐related DEGs related to amino acid and glycosphingolipid synthesis and metabolism were identified. USP2 and ARG2 were verified to be upregulated in EPRA, signifying that these two genes could effectively distinguish YPRA and EPRA and have potential as biomarkers. In addition, we found that USP2 was significantly negatively correlated with B cells and monocytes, while there was a significant negative association between ARG2 and T cells.ConclusionsIn conclusion, this study is the first to systematically analyze changes in immune cell infiltration between YPRA and EPRA patients and obtain hub age‐related genes, which may provide the basis for illuminating the pathogenesis of EPRA and informing treatment strategies.
Transforming the transfer process: A quality improvement project to assess and improve transfer notes
Authors: DeGrazia Robert J. , Kalkat Meher , Miller Leslie , Niessen Timothy , Chatterjee Souvik , Wright Scott 
Published: September 2023

AbstractTransfer notes (TNs) standardize handoffs from one inpatient unit to another to optimize patient safety. They are especially important when patients are downgraded from high acuity settings such as intensive care units (ICU). Despite this, there is a paucity of evidence around safe transfers. The study objective was to assess the impact of a quality improvement initiative on the completion rate and quality of TNs. A retrospective chart review of TNs was conducted at a single academic center in Baltimore, MD. We analyzed 76 MICU to floor transfers pre‐intervention and 73 transfers during the intervention period. Note quality was determined using a novel TN assessment tool; validity evidence was established. Chi‐square analysis was used to compare the presence and quality of TNs. There was a statistically significant increase in note completion rate from 19.7% to 42.5 % during the study (p < 0.003). There was a statistically significant increase in mean quality of completed TNs (10.3 pre‐intervention vs. 12.3 intervention period: maximum score 15, p = 0.005). This QI intervention appears to have translated into more consistent and higher quality TNs. These improvements should facilitate better and safer care of patients moving from MICU to medical floors.
Comparing the Effect of Mechanical Loading on Deep and Superficial Cartilage Using Quantitative UTE MRI
Authors: Wang Hanqi , Li Zhihui , Li Qing , Sommer Stefan , Chen Tongtong , Sun Yao , Wei Hongjiang , Yan Fuhua , Lu Yong 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundThe biomechanical properties of deep and superficial cartilage may be different, yet in vivo MRI validation is required.PurposeTo compare the effect of mechanical loading on deep and superficial cartilage in young healthy adults using ultrashort echo time (UTE)‐T2* mapping.Study TypeProspective, intervention.SubjectsThirty‐one healthy adults (54.8% females, median age = 23 years).Field Strength/Sequence3‐T, PD‐FS, and UTE sequences with four echo times (TEs = 0.1, 0.5, 2.8, and 4.0 msec; 0.6 mm isotropic spatial resolution) of the left knee, acquired before and after loading exercise.AssessmentQuantitative UTE‐T2* maps of the entire knee were generated using UTE images of four TEs. In deep and superficial cartilage of patella, medial and lateral femur, medial and lateral tibia cartilage (PC, MFC, LFC, MTC, and LTC), which were segmented manually, cartilage thickness and T2* values before and after loading were measured, extracted, taken averages of, and compared. Scan–rescan repeatability was evaluated. Body weight and body mass index (BMI) data were collected. Physical activity levels were evaluated using International Physical Activity Questionnaire.Statistical TestsPaired sample t‐tests, paired Wilcoxon Mann–Whitney tests, Pearson and Spearman correlation analyses, Kruskal–Wallis tests with post‐hoc Bonferroni correction. A P‐value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsThe scan–rescan repeatability was good (RMSA‐CV < 10%). After exercise, deep cartilage exhibited no significant differences in cartilage thickness (PPC = 0.576, PMTC = 0.991, PMFC = 0.899, PLTC = 0.861, PLFC = 0.290) and T2* values (PPC = 0.914, PMTC = 0.780, PMFC = 0.754, PLTC = 0.327, PLFC = 0.811), which both significantly decreased in superficial PC, MFC, LFC, and MTC. The T2* values of superficial MTC and deep MFC were moderately correlated with higher body weight (ρ = 0.431) and lower BMI (ρ = −0.499), respectively.Data ConclusionDeep and superficial cartilage may respond differently to mechanical loading as assessed by UTE‐T2*.Evidence Level2Technical EfficacyStage 3
Absorption of an engineered medium‐chain fatty acid analogue in two short bowel syndrome minipig models
Authors: Fligor Scott C. , Tsikis Savas T. , Hirsch Thomas I. , Pan Amy , Mitchell Paul D. , Quigley Mikayla , Carbeau Sarah , Nedder Arthur , Gura Kathleen M. , Puder Mark 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundEnteral drug therapy is challenging in short bowel syndrome with intestinal failure (SBS‐IF) because of unpredictable absorption. SEFA‐6179 is an enterally administered medium‐chain fatty acid analogue under development for intestinal failure–associated liver disease. We investigate the pharmacokinetics of two SEFA‐6179 formulations in two large‐animal models of SBS‐IF, including a new pseudojejunostomy model.MethodsTwenty Yucatan minipigs were obtained. Half underwent pre‐resection pharmacokinetic study with single‐dose SEFA‐6179 administration. All minipigs then underwent 90% jejunoileal resection, with either a jejunoileal anastomosis or bypass of the intraperitoneal colon with anastomosis just proximal to the rectum (pseudojejunostomy). On postoperative day 3, a single‐dose pharmacokinetic study was performed.ResultsBoth SBS‐IF models were well tolerated. Compared with the jejunoileal anastomosis minipigs, pseudojejunostomy minipigs had a more severe malabsorptive phenotype with weight loss by postoperative day 4 (+0.1 vs −0.9 kg, P = 0.03) and liquid diarrhea (Bristol 5 vs Bristol 7, P = 0.0007). Compared with pre‐resection minipigs, both jejunoileal and pseudojejunostomy minipigs had lower total plasma exposure of SEFA‐6179 measured by area under the curve (jejunoileal: 37% less, P = 0.049; pseudojejunostomy: 74% less, P = 0.0001). Peak plasma concentration was also lower in the pseudojejunostomy group compared with pre‐resection (65% less, P = 0.04), but not lower in the jejunoileal group (P = 0.47).ConclusionIn two SBS‐IF minipig models, SEFA‐6179 had substantially decreased absorption compared with pre‐resection minipigs. Dose optimization for different intestinal anatomy and function may be required. We describe a new SBS‐IF pseudojejunostomy model that may improve the translation of preclinical research to patients with SBS‐IF who have enterostomies.
Splitting of pollutant NO molecules inside Sc20C48X12 (X = C, N, P) structures: A DFT‐D study
Authors: Salas‐Zepeda M. G. , Tlahuice‐Flores Alfredo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe study of the interaction of NO molecules with two P‐ and N‐doped volleyballenes is delivered. It is found that [Sc20C48N12][0,−1] and [Sc20C48P12]−1 structures are able to split N‐O bonds without an energy barrier. The N‐doped structures can break up to six NO molecules, and therefore, their IR/Raman spectra are missing of N‐O vibration peaks. Moreover, we determine that N‐O bond can be considered as broken starting from 1.39 Å distance.
Micelle formation of tetradecyltrimethylammonium X‐benzoate surfactants: Benzoate counterion substituent effects
Authors: Bachofer Steven J. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractTetradecyltrimethylammonium (TTA+) benzoate surfactants have a range of CMC values dependent on the substituent effects of the benzoate counterions. Twenty‐three TTA+/X‐benzoate CMC values were determined by conductivity and surface tension. The 12 TTA+/para‐ and meta‐benzoate and the unsubstituted benzoate CMC values yield a correlation to the hydrophobicity parameter (log P) of the benzoic acid, as the counterion. The logarithm of conductivity CMCs correlated to the log P value of the benzoic acid yields a slope of—0.4399. All 10 of the TTA+/ortho‐benzoate CMC values do not yield a correlation with hydrophobicity yet the TTA+/ortho‐halogenated benzoates give a strong correlation to hydrophobicity (log P). For this subset, the correlation was nearly identical to one of the TTA+/para‐ and meta‐benzoates. The slope of the logarithm of TTA+/ortho‐halogenated benzoate CMC values to the log P of benzoic acid is—0.413. Another subset is the TTA+/ortho‐hydrogen bond donating benzoates which clearly show micelle formation is favored in addition to the hydrophobic effect. The surface tension data CMCs yield a similar correlation to the conductivity data. This combined data yields further insight on the structural features of the counterion contribution to micelle formation. Specifically, the benzoates show both hydrophobicity effects and when ortho‐hydrogen bond donating substituents are present, micelle formation is strongly enhanced in addition to the hydrophobic effect of the anion.
Seed germination and seedling development assisted by ultrasound: gaps and future research directions
Authors: Nogueira António , Puga Hélder , Gerós Hernâni , Teixeira António 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSince the early 1930s, when the first corn hybrids were grown commercially, innovations in the agriculture industry have had an unprecedent impact worldwide, helping to meet the demands for food of an exponentially growing population. In particular, seed technology research has contributed substantially to the improvement of crop performance over the years. Ultrasonic treatment of seeds is a green technology that promises to have an impact on the food industry, enhancing germination and seedling development in different species through the stimulation of water and oxygen uptake and seed metabolism. The increase in starch degradation has been associated with the stimulation of the α‐amylases of the endosperm, but relatively few reports focus on how ultrasound affects seed germination at the biochemical and molecular levels. For instance, the picture is still unclear regarding the impact of ultrasound on transcriptional reprogramming in seeds. The purpose of this review is to assess the literature on ultrasound seed treatment accurately and critically, ultimately aiming to encourage new scientific and technological breakthroughs with a real impact on worldwide agricultural production while promoting sustainable practices on biological systems. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Investigation of some quality properties of yogurt made from cow and sheep milk fortified with folic acid (B9), biotin (B7), and vitamin D3
Authors: Aydemir Mehmet Emin , Altun Serap Kılıç 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe aim of this study was to investigate the effects on some physicochemical properties and starter cultures of yogurts enriched with vitamins at different concentrations during storage. For this purpose, yogurt was produced by adding the vitamins folic acid (B9), biotin (B7), and vitamin D3 in different concentrations to sheep and cow milk and stored at 4 °C. Physicochemical analyses and microbiological analyses were performed for each group of yogurt on days 0, 7, 14, and 21.RESULTSThere was no significant difference (P > 0.05) between the groups in pH and titration acidity (%) during storage. It was determined that in the yogurts produced from sheep milk, the groups enriched with vitamins had a higher number of L. bulgaricus than the control group on the 7th day of storage. Moreover, the groups containing vitamin D3 exhibited a higher Lactobacillus bulgaricus count on the 21st day of storage. The highest L. bulgaricus counts on the 7th day in yogurts produced from cow's milk were observed in groups containing 0.5 mL of vitamin B9 and B7. No mold or yeast growth was observed during storage in any of the yogurt groups made from cow and sheep milk.CONCLUSIONIn conclusion, it was determined that the enrichment of yogurt with vitamins B7, B9, and D3 did not adversely affect the quality of the yogurt; rather, it improved. We recommend that yogurt enriched with micronutrients be studied economically, and mass production should be initiated by yogurt companies as soon as possible. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.