bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Defining opioid naïve and implications for monitoring opioid use: A population‐based study in Alberta, Canada
Authors: Lee Cerina , Ye Ming , Weaver Olivia , Jess Ed , Gilani Fizza , Samanani Salim , Eurich Dean T. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPurposeReducing initial exposure of “opioid naïve” patients to opioids is a public health priority. Identifying opioid naïve patients is difficult, as numerous definitions are used. The objective is to summarize current definitions and evaluate their impact on opioid naïve measures in Alberta.MethodsAn exploratory data analysis of the literature was conducted over the last 10 years to identify definitions commonly used in the literature to define opioid naïve. Then, using these definitions as a guide, we descriptively report the proportion of patients in Alberta between 2017 and 2021 who would be considered as opioid naïve using these definitions and all opioid dispensing data.ResultsThree categories of definitions were broadly identified: (1) no opioid use within the previous 30 days/6 months/1 year, based on dispensation date; (2) no opioid use based on dispensation date plus days of supply; and, (3) exclusion of codeine from Definitions 1 and 2. Applying these definitions to the Alberta population showed a very wide range in the proportion who would be considered as opioid naïve. Overall, 36.4% of Albertans (n = 1 551 075) had an opioid dispensation in 2017–2021. The average age was 46.6 ± 18.8 and 52.8% were female. The proportion of opioid naïve were most affected by the “opioid free” period, with 97.4%, 83.2%, and 65.6% being classified as opioid naïve using time windows from Definition 1 (30 days, 6 months, 1 year of no prior opioid use). Definitions 2 and 3 did not materially change the results. Further extending the “opioid free” period to 2 years showed only 35% were opioid naïve.ConclusionsThe most convenient definition for “opioid naïve” was the use of an “opioid free” period. The choice of window would depend on how the information may be used to assistant in clinical decisions with longer windows more likely to reflect true opioid naïve patients. Irrespective of definition used, a large proportion of opioid users would be considered opioid naïve in Alberta.
Body image and cancer‐related lymphoedema: A systematic review
Authors: Byrne Emma , Gaffey Jane , Hayden Lucy , Daly Adam , Gallagher Pamela , Dunne Simon 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveCancer‐related lymphoedema is a common side effect of cancer, affecting 24%–49% of people with cancer. Body image contributes to the well‐being of individuals with this condition. This systematic review aimed to explore, for the first time, the state of the science concerning body image in cancer‐related lymphoedema, including how body image is measured and variables associated with body image concerns.MethodsSix databases were systematically searched for peer‐reviewed articles describing empirical quantitative studies where body image was measured with a reliable and valid measurement tool in adults with cancer‐related lymphoedema.ResultsNine studies with 977 participants were included. The studies involved individuals who had experienced breast, head and neck, melanoma, and urogenital cancers and developed lymphoedema. There was considerable heterogeneity in body image measures used, precluding meta‐analysis. The following variables were associated with increased body image concern: higher body integrity beliefs, experience of physical changes (e.g. pain) and differences in sensation and function, including changes in appearance related thoughts, feelings and emotions. Several studies described behavioural and psychological interventions which positively impacted body image outcomes in individuals with lymphoedema relating to specific cancers.ConclusionRegular screening for body image concerns could encourage more positive body image awareness in individuals with cancer‐related lymphoedema and lessen some of its associated negative consequences. Future longitudinal and individual differences research in this area is important to inform intervention development. There is also need for a more standardised approach to the study and measurement of body image in people with cancer‐related lymphoedema.
Estimation of Temperature Homogeneity in MEMS‐Based Heating Nanochips via Quantitative HAADF‐STEM Tomography
Authors: Chen Qiongyang , Skorikov Alexander , van der Hoeven Jessi E. S. , van Blaaderen Alfons , Albrecht Wiebke , Pérez‐Garza H. Hugo , Bals Sara 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSample holders for transmission electron microscopy (TEM) based on micro‐electro‐mechanical systems (MEMS) have recently become popular for investigating the behavior of nanomaterials under in situ or environmental conditions. The accuracy and reproducibility of these in situ holders are essential to ensure the reliability of experimental results. In addition, the uniformity of an applied temperature trigger across the MEMS chip is a crucial parameter. In this work, it is measured the temperature homogeneity of MEMS‐based heating sample supports by locally analyzing the dynamics of heat‐induced alloying of Au@Ag nanoparticles located in different regions of the support through quantitative fast high‐angle annular dark‐field scanning TEM tomography. These results demonstrate the superior temperature homogeneity of a microheater design based on a heating element shaped as a circular spiral with a width decreasing outwards compared to a double spiral‐shaped designed microheater. The proposed approach to measure the local temperature homogeneity based on the thermal properties of bimetallic nanoparticles will support the future development of MEMS‐based heating supports with improved thermal properties and in situ studies where high precision in the temperature at a certain position is required.
Bacillus subtilis YZ‐1 surfactins are involved in effective toxicity against agricultural pests
Authors: Xia Mengyuan , Munir Shahzad , Li Yongmei , Ahmed Ayesha , He Pengbo , Wu Yixin , Li Xingyu , Tang Ping , Wang Zaiqiang , He Pengfei , Wang Yuehu , He Yueqiu 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDInsect pests negatively affect crop quality and yield. The excessive use of chemical pesticides has serious impacts on the environment and food safety. Therefore, development of effective management strategies in the form of bio‐agents have important agricultural applications. Tenebrio molitor, a storage pest, causes losses of grains, medicinal materials, and various agricultural and related products in the warehouse. Bacillus subtilis YZ‐1 isolated from naturally deceased Pieris rapae has been found to exhibit significant toxicity against T. molitor.RESULTSTreatment with B. subtilis YZ‐1 fermentation broth resulted in a 90–95% mortality rate of T. molitor within 36 h post‐treatment, indicating some active substances may have insecticidal activity in the bacterial supernatant. A bioactivity‐guided fractionation method was used to isolate the insecticidal compounds from YZ‐1, which led to the identification of surfactins. Additionally, a surfactin deletion mutant YZ‐1△srfAA was constructed and the surfactin production by the mutant YZ‐1△srfAA was verified through liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS). Further, YZ‐1△srfAA exhibited loss of insecticidal activity against T. molitor, Plutella xylostella and Achelura yunnanensis. The insecticidal activity and surfactins contents of several strains of Bacillus sp. were also tested and correlation was found between varying surfactins yield and insecticidal activity exhibited by different strains.CONCLUSIONConclusively, our results suggest that B. subtilis YZ‐1 may provide a novel approach for plant protection against agricultural pests. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Current therapeutic targets and multifaceted physiological impacts of caffeine
Authors: Song Xinjie , Kirtipal Nikhil , Lee Sunjae , Malý Petr , Bharadwaj Shiv 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCaffeine, which shares consubstantial structural similarity with purine adenosine, has been demonstrated as a nonselective adenosine receptor antagonist for eliciting most of the biological functions at physiologically relevant dosages. Accumulating evidence supports caffeine's beneficial effects against different disorders, such as total cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes. Conversely, paradoxical effects are also linked to caffeine ingestion in humans including hypertension–hypotension and tachycardia–bradycardia. These observations suggest the association of caffeine action with its ingested concentration and/or concurrent interaction with preferential molecular targets to direct explicit events in the human body. Thus, a coherent analysis of the functional targets of caffeine, relevant to normal physiology, and disease pathophysiology, is required to understand the pharmacology of caffeine. This review provides a broad overview of the experimentally validated targets of caffeine, particularly those of therapeutic interest, and the impacts of caffeine on organ‐specific physiology and pathophysiology. Overall, the available empirical and epidemiological evidence supports the dose‐dependent functional activities of caffeine and advocates for further studies to get insights into the caffeine‐induced changes under specific conditions, such as asthma, DNA repair, and cancer, in view of its therapeutic applications.
A novel second‐order mixture importance sampling strategy for system reliability analysis
Authors: Chen Junhua , Chen Guangsong , Wang Xin , Chen Longmiao , Qian Linfang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractReliability analysis and evaluation of systems with multiple failure modes is extremely challenging. In this paper, a novel, efficient, and accurate system reliability method is proposed based on the second‐order approximation and the mixture important sampling (mixture‐IS) method. The proposed method does not require the construction of surrogate models and integrates the advantages of second‐order approximation and mixture‐IS strategies, which can greatly reduce the computational effort of estimating the system failure probability as well as ensuring the accuracy. The accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method are verified by several numerical and engineering problems, and comparisons are made against other existing reliability methods. The results indicate that the method can effectively reduce the number of limit state function calls and achieve high computational accuracy.
Optical Router and 4 × 1 Multiplexer of Coexisting Crystal Field and Non‐Hermitian Autler‐Townes Splitting Controlled by Photon–Phonon Dressing in Eu3+: BiPO4
Authors: Mujahid Anas , Fan Huanrong , Wang Yafen , Raza Faizan , Ahmed Irfan , Guo Yaxin , Munir Faisal , Usman Muhammad , Li Bo , Zhang Yanpeng 
Published: September 2023

AbstractFor the first time, the Autler Townes‐splitting dependency on parity‐time symmetry breaking is investigated. The first‐, second‐, and third‐order splitting in spectral domain outputs obtained through different phase transitions of Eu3+: BiPO4 are explored. First‐order splitting corresponds to pure crystal field splitting attributed to the shifting of energy levels and the inherent effect of the crystal field. Second/third‐order splitting results from the coexistence of crystal field and non‐Hermitian spectral Autler Townes (SAT)‐splitting caused by single‐photon dressing coupled with the interaction of phonon and double photon–phonon dressing. It is further explored the relationship between spectral and temporal‐domain splitting obtained through the different phases of Eu3+: BiPO4 by changing the laser detuning. It is authenticated that the contributions of crystal field, photon, and phonon dressing interactions can only be individually distinguished in the spectral domain. Moreover, the experiment results suggest the analogy of an optical 4 × 1 multiplexer with a channel spacing contrast of ≈91% and an optical router with a channel equalization ratio of ≈93%.
Robust tracking control for uncertain Euler–Lagrange systems via dynamic event‐triggered and self‐triggered ADP
Authors: Chen Lu , Hao Fei 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis article investigates the robust tracking control problem for a class of Euler–Lagrange systems in presence of parameter uncertainties and external disturbances. Through system transformation and theoretical analysis, an adaptive dynamic programming (ADP) algorithm with two adaptive neural networks (NNs) and a suitable triggering mechanism is proposed to attain the robust stability of the closed‐loop system. A single critic NN is leveraged to implement the approximate optimal controller design. Particularly, an NN‐based feedforward compensation is developed to cope with the uncertainties with unknown bounds. Two different triggering mechanisms are respectively constructed to reduce the budget of sampling, communication and computation, namely the dynamic event‐triggering mechanism (DETM) and the self‐triggering mechanism (STM). The DETM is utilized to decide the update of remote controller and critic NN weight, which can yield a larger inter‐event interval than the static event‐triggering mechanism. Also, the Zeno‐free behavior is guaranteed. Moreover, it is a novel attempt to introduce the STM into ADP design, which relaxes the demand of dedicated hardware online monitoring the event‐triggering condition. Then it is demonstrated that all signals in the closed‐loop system are uniformly ultimately bounded (UUB) via Lyapunov‐based stability analysis. Finally, a simulation example of 2‐link robotic system is implemented to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
Separation and Purification of Liquiritigenin by Ultrafiltration‐Solid Membrane Complexation Extraction Coupling Technology
Authors: Wan Lingjuan , Shi Panqi , Feng Xiaoli , He Hongjie , Ran Xin , Liu Xiaoxia , Xu Yiwen , Liu Meiqing , Liu Yuanyuan , Wei Shuchang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAn ultrafiltration‐solid membrane complexation extraction and reverse extraction method was developed for the separation and purification of liquiritigenin in licorice ultrafiltration, using ultrafiltration as the precursor technology. The effects of ultrafiltration pH, extraction time and three‐phase flow rate on the single‐stage extraction and reverse extraction rates of liquiritigenin in solid membrane were investigated, then the applicability of the single‐stage process to the cascade solid membrane was investigated. The optimum cascade solid membrane process was obtained with ultrafiltration pH=6, extraction time of 36 h and three‐phase flow rate of ultrafiltration: extractant: reverse extractant=188 : 188 : 94 mL min−1, under which the total transfer rate of liquiritigenin was 75.73 %. The results showed that the solid membrane single‐stage process was equally applicable to cascade solid membranes, and the results may provide a novel technology with high efficiency, environmentally friendly and low‐cost for the separation of flavonoids in licorice.
Porous Structure Inherited from Pine Wood and Stacking Defects Synergistically Enhancing Electromagnetic Wave Absorption of SiC
Authors: Liu Chenyu , Wei Zhengqing , Geng Zhaoyang , Wang Jiankang , Tong Zhibo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe traditional electromagnetic (EM) absorbing materials suffers from the poor performance and instability at high temperature, greatly hindering their wide application. Herein, pine wood‐derived SiC with porous structure and plentiful defect sites was synthesized by carbonization and subsequent chemical vapor infiltration process. The influence of drying pretreatment way (freeze drying vs thermostatic drying), carbonization temperature and Si powder/carbon ratio on structure and electromagnetic (EM) wave absorption performance were studied in detail. The optimized SiC with plentiful pore structure and numerous stacking faults showed superior EM wave absorption abilities with a minimum RL value of −42 dB and the effective bandwidth of 14.4 GHz (3.6–18 GHz). The synergistic effect between porous structure inherited from pine wood and stacking faults distinctly enhanced EM wave absorbing performance of SiC. This work demonstrate that rationally design of biomass‐derived SiC material is a promising way of developing high performance absorber.
Molecular Dynamics Simulations of a Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane/4‐Amino‐3,7‐dinitro‐ [1,2,4]triazolo[5,1‐c] [1,2,4]triazine Cocrystal
Authors: Yue Hong , Wang Jingtao 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCocrystal is considered an effective way to improve the performance of energetic materials and might be used to solve the contradiction between the energy density and safety. In this paper, hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (CL‐20) and 4amino‐3,7‐dinitro‐[1,2,4]triazolo[5,1‐c] [1,2,4]triazine (TTX) are modeled, and the cocrystal structure of hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane/4‐Amino‐3,7‐dinitro‐ [1,2,4]triazolo[5,1‐c] [1,2,4]triazine (CL‐20/TTX) is simulated by molecular dynamics. Based on the model equilibrium, this paper demonstrates a strong intermolecular interaction between CL‐20 and TTX with the generation of hydrogen bonds by simulating the binding energy, radial distribution function (RDF) and X‐ray powder diffraction (XRD) of CL‐20/TTX. All the above characterizations could prove that a new type of cocrystal structure may exist between CL‐20 and TTX, i. e., CL‐20/TTX is a new type of cocrystal material. The cohesive energy density (CED), trigger bond length and mechanical properties between the two are also simulated in this paper, and it is concluded that this cocrystal structure could greatly improve not only the high sensitivity defects of CL‐20, but also the mechanical properties of CL‐20 and TTX. The simulation of the CL‐20/TTX cocrystal structure in this paper could provide a reference for the screening of CL‐20 cocrystal and provide guidance for future experimental preparation.
H2S Mediated One‐Pot Synthesis of Single Phase Hexagonal CoS Nano‐Spheres: A Pseudocapacitive Electrode for Hybrid Supercapacitors
Authors: Kushwaha Vishal , Mondal Rakesh , Mandal K. D. , Singh Preetam , Gupta Asha 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDue to their exceptional qualities like high power density, extended cycle life, quick response, rapid charging periods, higher capacitance, and moderate energy density, hybrid (Asymmetric) supercapacitors (HSCs) have become a potential energy storage option as bulk energy storage devices to harness the renewable energy generated through sources such as solar, wind and tidal as an alternative to fossil fuels. Single‐phase hexagonal CoS nano‐sphere was successfully synthesized via the H2S‐mediated one‐pot synthesis route, characterized by crystallographic and microscopic techniques, and further investigated as a potential pseudocapacitive electrode material for use in large‐scale energy storage systems. The CoS electrode showed a superior specific capacitance of 761 F/g at 1 A/g current density from the galvanostatic discharge profile, and a capacitance of 776 F/g at 1 mV/s from the CV curve in 2 M KOH aqueous electrolyte. An aqueous asymmetric hybrid supercapacitor (HSC) device was assembled with activated carbon (AC) as the negative electrode and the CoS as the positive electrode. The device (full cell in HSC mode) results in high energy and power densities of 139.7 Wh/kg and 7.51 kW/kg, respectively, with excellent cyclic stability of up to 87 % after 10000 continuous charge‐discharge cycles. The electrochemical measurements demonstrate high‐rate capacity and good cyclic stability of the CoS nano‐sphere, suggesting a great potential to be used as a supercapacitor electrode.
Effect of Hydrothermal Reaction Time on Structure, Magnetic, and Biological Properties of Iron Sulfide Nanoparticles
Authors: Naser Dalal Maseer , Lafta Sadiq H. , Hashim Mustafa Shakir 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThree samples of Fe−S were prepared with different hydrothermal periods (6, 12, and 18 h). X‐ray diffraction (XRD) test showed that the first produced sample contained 42.3 wt % of magnetite, 35 wt % of greigite, and 22.7 wt % of pyrite phases. The same phases were formed during the second period but with different wt % ratios. The greigite increased to 67.8 wt % by the third period, while the magnetite and pyrite phases vanished and were associated with a low ratio of the presence of pyrrhotite and FeO2. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images confirmed the formation of the nanoparticles. The increase in the hydrothermal time produced a reduction in the saturation magnetization (39.8 to 9.1) emu/g and the remanence magnetization (8 to 2.4) emu/g, and increasing in the coercivity. To assess the viability of Michigan Cancer Foundation‐7 (MCF‐7) and hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HdFn) cells, a colorimetric assay for assessing cell metabolic activity (MTT) was applied to the third sample. The outcome verified iron sulfide‘s cytocompatibility against HdFn cells even at high concentrations and good anticancer activity against MCF‐7 cell lines. The result of the DPPH test confirmed that the third sample had antioxidant activity equivalent to that of ascorbic acid.
Synthesis and Characterization of (R)‐N‐1‐Cyclohexylethylamine Borane
Authors: Turani‐I‐Belloto Kevin , Granier Dominique , Yot Pascal G. , Alauzun Johan G. , Demirci Umit B. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA new solid amine borane is reported here. The reaction of (R)‐(−)‐1‐cyclohexylethylamine (a liquid at room temperature) with borane dimethylsulfide yields crystals of pure (R)‐N‐1‐cyclohexylethylamine borane C6H11CH(CH3)NH2BH3 (CHEAB). The successful synthesis was confirmed by molecular analyses (FTIR, Raman and NMR). The crystals are in the form of millimeter‐sized translucent sticks, which allowed determining that CHEAB crystallizes in the orthorhombic system, the space group being P212121. All of the characterization results, together with DFT calculations, strongly suggest the occurrence of intermolecular dihydrogen bonds between antiparallel NH2BH3 groups that are in a trimeric configuration.
Ring‐Opening Polymerization of ϵ‐Caprolactone by Benzoic Acid in the Presence of Benzyl Alcohol as Initiator
Authors: Wu Hai‐Bo , Zhou Xian‐Tai , Zhou Xiao‐Wu , Fang Yan‐Xiong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe development of a feasible industrial method for poly(ϵ‐caprolactone) (PCL) preparation is great of significant and challenging. The bulk ring‐opening polymerization of ϵ‐caprolactone (ϵ‐CL) using various organic acid catalysts and benzyl alcohol (BnOH) as the initiator was developed. Benzoic acid (BA) has been proved to be an efficient catalyst for the ROP of ϵ‐CL under mild conditions. The conversion of ϵ‐CL to PCL was 84.7 % under the optimized reaction conditions, with number‐average molecular weight (Mn) and dispersity (PDI) of 7700 g/mol and 1.25, respectively. Moreover, a monomer‐activated ring‐opening polymerization mechanism mediated by benzoic acid was proposed. Overall, this work is expected to provide a feasible industrial method for the preparation of PCL using benzoic acid as organocatalyst.