bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Individualized prediction of survival benefit from postoperative radiotherapy for patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma
Authors: Wo Yang , Peng Yizhou , Wu Zhigang , Liu Pengcheng , Shang Yan , Shen Xuxia , Sun Yihua 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectivesThe role of postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) in malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) remains controversial and the eighth edition TNM staging scheme for MPM has not been fully verified. We aimed to develop an individualized prediction model for identifying optimal candidates for PORT among MPM patients who received surgery plus chemotherapy and externally validate the performance of the new TNM staging scheme.Materials and MethodsDetailed characteristics of MPM patients during 2004–2015 were retrieved from SEER registries. Propensity score matching (PSM) was conducted to reduce disparities of baseline characteristics (age, sex, histologic type, stage, and type of surgery) between the PORT group and no‐PORT group. A novel nomogram was constructed based on independent prognosticators identified by multivariate Cox regression model. The discriminatory performance and degree of calibration were evaluated. We stratified patients into different risk groups according to nomogram total scores and estimated the survival benefit of PORT in different subgroups in order to identify the optimal candidates.ResultsWe identified 596 MPM patients, among which 190 patients (31.9%) received PORT. PORT conferred significant survival benefit in the unmatched population, while there was no significant survival difference favoring PORT in the matched population. The C‐index of the new TNM staging scheme was closed to 0.5, which represented a poor discriminatory ability. A novel nomogram was constructed based on clinicopathological factors, including age, sex, histology, and N stage. We stratified patients into three risk groups. Subgroup analyses indicated that PORT was beneficial for high‐risk group (p = 0.003) rather than low‐risk group (p = 0.965) and intermediate‐risk group (p = 0.661).ConclusionWe established a novel predictive model, which could make individualized prediction of survival benefit of PORT for MPM and could compensate for weakness in TNM staging system.
Anodically‐Generated Alkyl Radicals Derived from Carboxylic Acids as Reactive Intermediates for Addition to Alkenes
Authors: Ding Haoran , Orazov Marat 
Published: April 2023

AbstractInvited for this issue's Front Cover is the group of Prof. Marat Orazov of University of Delaware (USA). The cover picture shows the addition of an electrogenerated alkyl radical to the double bond of styrene. This C‐C coupling in the boundary layer of the electrode enables the synthesis of functionalized aromatics from inexpensive carboxylic acids. Read the full text of the Research Article at 10.1002/celc.202201099.
Autonomous and Programmable Reorganization of DNA‐Based Polymers Using Redox Chemistry**
Authors: Gentile Serena , Del Grosso Erica , Prins Leonard J. , Ricci Francesco 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe demonstrate here a strategy that allows the programmable and autonomous reorganization of self‐assembled DNA polymers using redox chemistry. We have rationally designed different DNA monomers (tiles) that can co‐assemble into tubular structures. The tiles can be orthogonally activated/deactivated with disulfide‐linked DNA fuel strands that are degraded over time upon reduction because of the presence of a reducing agent in the system. The concentration of the disulfide fuels determines the activation kinetics of each DNA tile, which controls the degree of order/disorder in the formed co‐polymer. The disulfide‐reduction pathway can be employed together with enzymatic fuel‐degradation pathways providing an additional level of control in the re‐organization of DNA structures. Taking advantage of the different pH‐sensitivities of disulfide‐thiol and enzymatic reactions, we show that we can control the order in DNA‐based co‐polymers as a function of pH.
Dinuclear Mn(I) Complexes with Phosphido and Hydrido Bridges: Synthesis, Reactivity, and Hydrogenative Catalysis
Authors: Lacy David C. , Abhyankar Preshit C. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA class of organomanganese hydrogenation catalysts was recently rediscovered. These are simple dinuclear Mn(I) carbonyl compounds with phosphido (PR2−) and hydrido (H−) bridges. This class of compounds has been known since the 1960’s, and they have rich coordination chemistry and reactivity. Given their recently discovered potential for catalytic applications, a fresh look at this class of compounds was necessary. Hence, this Review comprehensively covers the synthesis, reactivity, and catalysis of this interesting class of molecules.
Massively Parallel Double‐Selection Workflow for the Evolution of Molecular Switches Based on Surface‐Display in Escherichia coli
Authors: Givelet Louis , Bienau Alexandra , Simmel Friedrich C. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMicrobial surface display of proteins is a versatile method for a wide range of biotechnological applications. Herein, the use of a surface display system in E. coli for the evolution of a riboswitch from an RNA aptamer is presented. To this end, a streptavidin‐binding peptide (SBP) is displayed at the bacterial surface, which can be used for massively parallel selection using a magnetic separation system. Coupling gene expression from a riboswitch library to the display of SBP hence allows selection of library members that express strongly in the presence of a ligand. As excessive SBP expression leads to bacterial growth inhibition, it can be used to negatively select against leaky riboswitches expressing in the absence of ligand. Based on this principle, we devise a double selection workflow that enables quick selection of functional riboswitches with a comparatively low screening workload. The efficiency of our protocol by re‐discovering a previously isolated theophylline riboswitch from a library was demonstrated, as well as a new riboswitch that is similar in performance, but slightly more responsive at low theophylline concentrations. Our workflow is massively parallel and can be applied to the screening or pre‐screening of large molecular libraries.
Caging of Bodipy Photosensitizers through Hydrazone Bond Formation and their Activation Dynamics
Authors: Say Büşra , Tatar Beytullah , Üzülmez Betül , Bakırcı Melike Ebrar , Gülseren Gülcihan , Cakmak Yusuf 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThree unique hydrazone‐based small‐molecule‐activatable photosensitizers were designed and synthesized. Two of them work efficiently in a low‐pH environment, resembling the microenvironment of the cancerous tissues. The activation pathway is unique and based on hydrazone bond cleavage. They were investigated through in vitro cellular studies in aggressive cancer lines, and tumor‐specific culture conditions successfully initiated the cleavage and activation of the cytotoxic singlet oxygen generation in the relevant time period. The interesting photophysical characteristics of the α‐ and β‐substituted hydrazone derivatives of the Bodipy structures and their mild hydrolysis methodologies were also investigated successfully.
Workflow aware analytical model to predict performance and cost of serverless execution
Authors: Kumari Anisha , Sahoo Bibhudatta , Behera Ranjan Kumar 
Published: April 2023

SummaryServerless computing has emerged as a powerful deployment model based on the Function‐as‐a‐Service (FaaS) paradigm, where applications are orchestrated through a set of independent functions. The function orchestration within an application can be represented through a serverless workflow, which defines the overall execution plan of the application. To ensure the quality of service for serverless computing platforms, it is essential to develop performance and cost models that can predict the service quality that can be obtained from deploying and executing applications in the cloud platform. While several analytical models have been developed for various cloud deployment frameworks in recent years, there has been a lack of performance and cost analysis models for serverless computing platforms. The existing performance and cost monitoring tools available in serverless frameworks face several challenges, such as complexity, lack of transparency, and incomplete monitoring data. In this paper, we fill the gap by proposing an efficient workflow‐based analytical model that can estimate the end‐to‐end response time and cost of the serverless execution plan. The proposed model can handle complex structures like loop, cycles, self‐loop, and parallel substructures that exist in serverless workflows. Additionally, we propose a heuristic optimization algorithm to identify the optimal resource configuration to achieve the optimal response time under a given budget constraint. We evaluated the effectiveness of the proposed model by considering seven serverless applications in both AWS Lambda and Microsoft Azure platforms. We compared the accuracy of the proposed model with the real values of response time and cost obtained in AWS Lambda and Microsoft Azure serverless platforms. The proposed performance and cost model in the AWS Lambda platform has been observed to have an average accuracy of 99.2% and 98.7% respectively. In the Microsoft Azure platform, the average accuracy of the performance and cost model has been observed to be 98.6% and 98.2% respectively.
Aggregation‐induced Emission Materials for High‐efficiency Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Gu Ningxia , Sun Zeyuan , Song Lixin , Du Pingfan , Xiong Jie 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with high efficiency and stability are in great demand for commercial applications. Although the remarkable photovoltaic feature of perovskite layer plays a great role in improving the PCE of PSCs, the inevitable defects and poor stability of perovskite, etc. are the bottleneck and restrict the commercialization of PSCs. Herein, a review provides a strategy of applying aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) molecules, containing passivation functional groups and distinct AIE character, which serves as the alternative materials for fabricating high‐efficiency and high‐stability PSCs. The methods of introducing AIE molecules to PSCs are also summarized, including additive engineering, interfacial engineering, hole transport materials and so on. In addition, the functions of AIE molecule are discussed, such as defects passivation, morphology modulation, well‐matched energy level, enhanced stability, hole transport ability, carrier recombination suppression. Finally, the detailed functions of AIE molecules are offered and further research trend for high performance PSCs based on AIE materials is proposed.
Revisiting the TCNQF40/1−/2− Catalysis Mechanism for the [Fe(CN)6]3−/4−‐S2O32−/S4O62− Redox Reaction
Authors: Alzubidi Anbrah E. , Bond Alan M. , Martin Lisandra L. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPublished data suggest that sparingly soluble metal complexes of
, where n=0, 1, 2, 4, can act as heterogeneous catalysts for the kinetically very slow
‐
/
reaction in aqueous solution. This study shows that the coordination polymer
, participates as a homogeneous catalyst via an extremely small concentration of dissolved
. This finding suggests that the generally accepted mechanism of catalysis by
based solids needs to be revisited to ascertain the role of homogeneous pathways. In the present study, UV‐visible spectrophotometry was used to examine the catalysis of the aqueous redox reaction of
(1.0 mM) with
(100 mM) in the presence of (i) a precursor catalyst,
; (ii) the catalyst,
, as the water soluble Li+ salt; and (iii)
. A homogeneous reaction scheme that utilises the
couple is provided. In the case of
derived from highly soluble
, quantitative conversion of 1.0 mM
to 0.50 mM
occurs with complete reduction of
to
being rapidly accelerated by sub‐micomolar concentrations of
.
generated in the catalytic cycle, reacts with
to reform
and produce
. Along with the rapid catalytic reaction, the sluggish competing reaction between
and
occurs to give
, which is protonated to
, along with a trace amount of
. On addition of the precursor catalyst,
, rapid reduction with
occurs to form
– the active catalyst.
added to water is shown to be sufficiently soluble to provide adequate
to act as the catalyst for the
‐
/
reaction.
Regulatory and HTA Considerations for Development of Real‐World Data Derived External Controls
Authors: Curtis Lesley H. , Sola‐Morales Oriol , Heidt Julien , Saunders‐Hastings Patrick , Walsh Laura , Casso Deborah , Oliveria Susan , Mercado Tiffany , Zusterzeel Robbert , Sobel Rachel E. , Jalbert Jessica J. , Mastey Vera , Harnett James , Quek Ruben G. W. 
Published: April 2023

Regulators and Health Technology Assessment (HTA) bodies are increasingly familiar with, and publishing guidance on, external controls derived from real‐world data (RWD) to generate real‐world evidence (RWE). We recently conducted a systematic literature review (SLR) evaluating publicly available information on the use of RWD‐derived external controls to contextualize outcomes from uncontrolled trials submitted to the European Medicines Agency (EMA), the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and/or select HTA bodies. The review identified several key operational and methodological aspects for which more detailed guidance and alignment within and between regulatory agencies and HTA bodies is necessary. This paper builds on the SLR findings by delineating a set of key takeaways for the responsible generation of fit‐for‐purpose RWE. Practical methodological and operational guidelines for designing, conducting, and reporting RWD‐derived external control studies are explored and discussed. These considerations include: (i) early engagement with regulators and HTA bodies during the study planning phase; (ii) consideration of the appropriateness and comparability of external controls across multiple dimensions, including eligibility criteria, temporality, population representation, and clinical evaluation; (iii) ensuring adequate sample sizes, including hypothesis testing considerations; (iv) implementation of a clear and transparent strategy for assessing and addressing data quality, including data missingness across trials and RWD; (v) selection of comparable and meaningful endpoints that are operationalized and analyzed using appropriate analytic methods; and (vi) conduct of sensitivity analyses to assess the robustness of findings in the context of uncertainty and sources of potential bias.
Biological Efficacy of Plant Growth–Promoting Bacteria and Arbuscular Mycorrhizae Fungi: Assessments in Laboratory and Greenhouse Conditions
Authors: Gelvez‐Pardo Ivonn , Lobo‐Berbesi Laura , Santos‐Díaz Adriana 
Published: April 2023

AbstractUtilizing the interactions of microorganisms with plants offers a favorable path to increase crop production and replace the use of synthetic fertilizers. Different bacteria and fungi have been used as biofertilizers to improve agricultural production, yield, and sustainability. Beneficial microorganisms can act as free‐living organisms, symbiotes, and endophytes. Soil bacteria called plant growth–promoting bacteria (PGPB) and fungi called arbuscular mycorrhizae fungi (AMF) stimulate the growth and health of plants by direct and indirect mechanisms including nitrogen fixation, phosphorus solubilization, phytohormone production, enzyme production, antibiotic synthesis, and induced systemic resistance. To use these microorganisms as a biofertilizer, it is necessary to assess their efficacy under laboratory and greenhouse conditions. Few reports detail the methods used to develop a test under different environmental conditions, and without these details it is difficult to develop suitable methodologies to evaluate microorganism‐plant relationships. We describe four protocols that go from sample preparation to testing in vitro the efficacy of different biofertilizers. Each protocol can be used to test a different biofertilizer microorganism, focusing on bacteria such as Rhizobium sp., Azotobacter sp., Azospirillum sp., Bacillus sp. as well as AMF such as Glomus sp. These protocols can be used in several stages of biofertilizer development, including microorganism selection, microorganism characterization, and in vitro evaluation of efficacy for the registration process. © 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Evaluating the biological effect of biofertilizer based on PGPB under laboratory conditionsBasic Protocol 2: Evaluating the biological effect of biofertilizer based on PGPB under greenhouse conditionsBasic Protocol 3: Evaluating the biological effect of biofertilizer based on symbiotic nitrogen‐fixing bacteriaBasic Protocol 4: Evaluating the biological effect of biofertilizer based on AMF
A novel hybrid image processing‐based reconfiguration with RBF neural network MPPT approach for improving global maximum power and effective tracking of PV system
Authors: Rao Chepuri Venkateswara , Raj Rayappa David Amar , Anil Naik Kanasottu 
Published: April 2023

SummaryThe solar photovoltaic (PV) array output is reduced significantly by the frequently occurring inevitable partial shading conditions. In consequence, the array exhibits multiple peaks in its characteristics that cause the conventional maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithms to get stuck at the local maximum. So, to track the global maximum power (GMP) among the multiple peaks, a novel radial basis function (RBF)‐based neural network approach has been proposed for predicting the optimal GMP. Additionally, a novel and intelligent encryption‐based ruler transform (RT) reconfiguration approach is proposed to disperse the shading effect enhancing the GMP and mitigating the multiple peaks. The effectiveness of the proposed RBF‐MPPT and novel RT‐reconfiguration strategies has been tested and analyzed for a 5 × 7 PV array under distinct dynamic, uniform, and nonuniform shading conditions. The results of the proposed RBF have been compared with the conventional incremental conductance (INC) algorithm before and after reconfiguration of the PV array. Further, the ease of GMP tracking by a simple conventional INC due to the reduction of peaks after the array reconfiguration under shading conditions has been demonstrated and discussed in detail. After reconfiguration, the GMP is enhanced by 37.35%, 31.41%, 30.86%, 21.46%, 13.69%, and 8.88%, using the proposed RBF for the considered five shading conditions. The steady‐state oscillations are also considerably mitigated by employing the proposed reconfiguration and RBF strategies.
Development of wideband CPW‐fed hexagon‐shaped circularly polarized slot antenna for wireless‐communications
Authors: Chandra Avinash , Kumar Rajkishor 
Published: April 2023

SummaryA hexagonal shaped circularly polarized (CP) wideband slot antenna using multiple stubs has been proposed and investigated. A hexagonal slot is created in the ground plane with tapered sections improving the impedance matching. Two radiators are incorporated in the structure, which is responsible for generating orthogonal degenerate modes; hence, CP radiation is achieved for the proposed antenna. For enhancing the gain of antenna, one radiator is directly connected to feed line and another one embedded in the ground plane. An inverted L‐shaped arm is inserted in the slot to enhance and tune the circular polarized behavior. The presented radiator have input reflection coefficient ranges from 5.67 to 8.50 GHz (39.97%) and axial ratio bandwidth (ARBW) of 5.60–8.50 GHz (41.13%). The proposed antenna provides overlapping bandwidths of 5.67–8.50 GHz (39.97%) having average gains of 5.25 dBi within the entire frequency bands. The presented antenna is exceptionally good for the application of mobile and satellite communications.
Role of molecular testing for malignant pleural effusion in targeted therapy for advanced non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Lin Rixu , Li Yida , Lin Yi , Tian Wenyi , Jiang Lei , Li Jianmin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo confirm the predictive value of targeted therapies for oncogenic driver gene mutations detected in malignant pleural effusion (MPE) cell blocks from patients with advanced non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).MethodsFor patients with NSCLC whose tumor tissues could not be used to detect oncogenic driver gene status, molecular mutation status in 101 MPE cell blocks was tested using amplification refractory mutation system polymerase chain reaction prior to treatment. Corresponding targeted therapies were adopted based on the detection results.ResultsMutations observed in MPE cell blocks included epidermal growth factor receptor mutation (EGFR) (60.4% [61/101]), anaplastic lymphoma kinase fusion (6.3% [5/80]), and ROS proto‐oncogene 1 receptor tyrosine kinase fusion (3% [2/70]). Other mutations that were found in <5% of patients included epidermal growth factor receptor‐2, rat sarcoma‐filtered germ carcinogenic homologous B1, neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog, and mesenchymal epithelial transition factor exon 14. The median follow‐up time was 23.5 months for the 41 patients with a single EGFR mutation and who received tyrosine kinase inhibitor monotherapy as the first‐line treatment; in these patients, the objective response rate was 78% (95% confidence intervals (CI), 62% to 89%), progression‐free survival was 10.8 months (95% CI, 8.7 to 13.0 months), and overall survival was 31.7 months (95% CI, 13.9 to 49.4 months).ConclusionsMalignant pleural effusion cell blocks are recommended for mutation testing for targeted therapies in patients with NSCLC.
Usefulness of cytological diagnosis in pancreatic endoscopic ultrasound‐guided fine needle aspiration or biopsy: Comparison with histological diagnosis and relationship with puncture route and sample acquisition method
Authors: Nagai Tamiko , Ishida Kazuyuki , Machida Hiromi , Takada‐Owada Atsuko , Onozaki Masato , Noda Shuhei , Nozawa Yumi , Takaoka Mina , Sakuma Fumi , Aoki Taku , Irisawa Atsushi 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to clarify the role of cytology when using endoscopic ultrasound‐guided fine needle aspiration or biopsy (EUS‐FNA/FNB) for pancreatic lesions by comparison with histology, and also to examine differences in diagnostic accuracy depending on the puncture route and sample acquisition method.MethodsWe studied 146 cases in which cytology and histology were performed when undertaking pancreatic EUS‐FNA/FNB and the final histological diagnosis was obtained from surgically resected samples. Cytological, histological, and combined diagnoses with cytology and histology (combined diagnosis) detected malignant including suspected malignancy, indeterminate, and benign lesions.ResultsThe accuracy of both cytology and histology in pancreatic EUS‐FNA/FNB was 80.1%, with the combined diagnosis having an improved accuracy of 88.4%. The accuracy obtained with cytology was 80.0% for trans‐duodenal puncture samples and 80.3% for trans‐gastric puncture samples, with no difference between them. By contrast, the accuracy obtained with histology was 76.5% for trans‐duodenal samples and 85.2% for trans‐gastric samples, and they differed depending on the puncture route. The cytology accuracy was 80.9% for FNA and 79.8% for FNB, while the histology accuracy was 72.3% for FNA and 83.8% for FNB.ConclusionsCombining cytological diagnosis with histological diagnosis improved the diagnostic accuracy of EUS‐FNA/FNB. Compared with histological diagnosis, cytological diagnosis showed stable diagnostic accuracy without being affected by differences in the puncture route or sample acquisition method.