bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electrospinning of Highly Bi‐Oriented Flexible Piezoelectric Nanofibers for Anisotropic‐Responsive Intelligent Sensing
Authors: Shao Zhuzhu , Zhang Xuan , Liu Jingfeng , Liu Xingang , Zhang Chuhong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractFlexible piezoelectric energy harvesters (PEHs) have gained substantial attention owing to their wearability, breathability, and sustainable self‐powered supply. However, existing film PEHs cannot identify forces in different bending directions, limiting their applications in wearable electronics and artificial intelligence. This study constructs a fabric PEH for the first time by introducing piezoelectric anisotropic BaTi2O5 nanorods (BT2‐nr) into piezoelectric polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nanofibers with a bi‐oriented architecture, in which BT2‐nr uniformly aligns in the PVDF nanofiber during electrospinning. The dual‐orientation feature endows the flexible PEH with anisotropy, which can sensitively identify the forces at different bending directions (e.g., bent vertically, parallelly, or twisted by 45° along the fiber orientations). Simultaneously, the composite PVDF/BT2 PEH containing 15 wt.% BT2‐nr delivers an optimal piezoelectric output of 31.2 V with a high sensitivity of 5.22 V N−1. The developed anisotropic PEH can be used as a self‐powered pressure sensor for multimodal intelligent biomonitoring of human movement. This study provides a feasible strategy for fabricating self‐powered flexible PEHs with high electromechanical conversion efficiency and multifunctionality for wearable piezoelectric pressure sensors.
Antifungal activity of myco-synthesized bimetallic ZnO-CuO nanoparticles against fungal plant pathogen Fusarium oxysporum
Authors: Gaber Sherif E. , Hashem Amr H. , El-Sayyad Gharieb S. , Attia Mohamed S. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Fusarium species are considered one of the most destructing plant pathogens. In the current study, bimetallic zinc oxide-copper oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-CuO NPs) were myco-synthesized using Aspergillus fumigatus for controlling Fusarium oxysporum growth. Aspergillus fumigatus was isolated from soil and identified morphologically and genetically. The myco-synthesized ZnO-CuO NPs were characterized using UV-Vis, DLS, HR-TEM, SEM, and XRD analyses. HR-TEM characterization method indicated that, the biosynthesized bimetallic ZnO-CuO NPs appeared as semi-spherical with the average diameter specified as 54.18 ± 1.9 nm. The DLS method described the characteristic particle size diffusion and was calculated as 85.52 nm, 90.85 nm, and 92.85 nm for ZnO NPs, CuO NPs, and ZnO-CuO NPs, respectively. Additionally, the SEM image of ZnO-CuO NPs displays basic NP surface character and the exterior impression was apparent. The biosynthesized ZnO-CuO NPs were separated naturally as spherical particles connected within the fungal filtrate, which displays as illuminated NPs fused and capped with the fungal filtrate. Antifungal activity of bimetallic ZnO-CuO NPs was evaluated against F. oxysporum. Results revealed that bimetallic ZnO-CuO NPs exhibited promising antifungal activity toward F. oxysporum where inhibition zone at 1000 µg/ml was 22.8 ± 0.76 mm, and MIC was 125 µg/ml. Moreover, growth inhibition percentages of F. oxysporum at different concentrations of bimetallic ZnO-CuO NPs 1000, 500, 250, and 125 µg/ml were 88.9, 65.5, 41.1, and 8.9% respectively, where the highest inhibition was 88.9% at concentration 1000 µg/ml, while the lowest inhibition was 8.9% at concentration 125 µg/ml. In TEM ultrastructure results, the treated F. oxysporum with ZnO-CuO NPs, a clear destruction was found in all cell contents and disintegration of the cell wall as well as destruction of the plasma membrane. Also, the nucleus appeared as small size and damaged shape and the chromatin materials distributed with several dark stained bodies in cytoplasm. In conclusion, bimetallic ZnO-CuO NPs were successfully myco-synthesized using A. fumigatus, where it had promising antifungal activity against F. oxysporum.
Telehealth-Delivered Supports for Daily Living Skills for Autistic Children: a Systematic Review
Authors: Clarke Monique , McLay Laurie , France Karyn , Blampied Neville , van Deurs Jenna 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe global prevalence of autism has increased markedly in recent years, resulting in a surge in demand for services. Telehealth interventions offer an alternative to traditional service delivery, however, research is needed to examine the effectiveness of telehealth-delivered interventions for daily living skills (DLS; e.g., sleeping, eating, personal hygiene). This review summarized and appraised 17 studies investigating the effectiveness and social validity of telehealth-delivered behavioral interventions (TDBIs) for DLS for autistic children. Most interventions were parent-implemented with clinician coaching via synchronous video coaching. Web-based resources and workbooks were standard features of interventions. TDBIs resulted in improved DLS for autistic children, however, a limited number of studies and lack of methodological rigor limit the conclusions that can be drawn. Avenues for future research are suggested.
Postoperative infusion of dexmedetomidine via intravenous patient-controlled analgesia for prevention of postoperative delirium in elderly patients undergoing surgery
Authors: Xie Kangjie , Chen Jinyan , Tian Lili , Gu Fulei , Pan Yafei , Huang Zhangxiang , Fang Jun , Yu Weifeng , Zhou Huidan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Postoperative delirium (POD) is a common clinical complication in elderly patients after surgery and predicts poor outcomes.

Aim
We researched whether postoperative infusion of dexmedetomidine (DEX) had prophylactic effect on POD in elderly patients.

Methods
A total of 236 patients over the age of 60 years undergoing thoracoabdominal tumor surgery were enrolled in Zhejiang Cancer Hospital from November 2016 to October 2020. The patients were randomly assigned into DEX group (group D) and control group (Group C). DEX was provided via PCIA pump 1–3 days after surgery, which consisted of 3 ug/kg sufentanil and 3 ug/kg DEX in group D, and 3 ug/kg sufentanil without DEX in group C. The PCIA parameters were programmed as follows: total amount 150 ml, 2 ml bolus dose with a lock-out of 10 min and background infusion rate 2 ml/h. The primary endpoint was the incidence of POD, assessed twice daily within 7 days after surgery by Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale (RASS) and the Confusion Assessment Method–Intensive Care Unit (CAM-ICU). The secondary endpoint was postoperative hospitalization days, ICU stay time, adverse events and non-delirium complications.

Results
The incidence of POD in all patients was 7%. The incidence of POD in group C was significantly higher than that in group D (10.1% vs 3.4%, P = 0.042). There were no significant differences in length of hospital stay after operation, ICU stay time, the percentage of patients discharged within 7 days after surgery, non-delirium complications, and 30-day all-cause deaths between the two groups. The incidence of hypertension in group D was lower than that in group C (P = 0.003), and there were no differences in other adverse events.

Conclusion
Patients aged over 60 years received DEX in addition to intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (PCIA) for major thoracoabdominal surgery experienced less delirium.
A hybrid metaheuristic and computer vision approach to closed-loop calibration of fused deposition modeling 3D printers
Authors: Ganitano Graig S. , Wallace Shay G. , Maruyama Benji , Peterson Gilbert L. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractFused deposition modeling (FDM) is one of the most popular additive manufacturing (AM) technologies for reasons including its low cost and versatility. However, like many AM technologies, the FDM process is sensitive to changes in the feedstock material. Utilizing a new feedstock requires a time-consuming trial-and-error process to identify optimal settings for a large number of process parameters. The experience required to efficiently calibrate a printer to a new feedstock acts as a barrier to entry. To enable greater accessibility to non-expert users, this paper presents the first system for autonomous calibration of low-cost FDM 3D printers that demonstrates optimizing process parameters for printing complex 3D models with submillimeter dimensional accuracy. Autonomous calibration is achieved by combining a computer vision-based quality analysis with a single-solution metaheuristic to efficiently search the parameter space. The system requires only a consumer-grade camera and computer capable of running modern 3D printing software and uses a calibration budget of just 30 g of filament (~ $1 USD). The results show that for several popular thermoplastic filaments, the system can autonomously calibrate a 3D printer to print complex 3D models with an average deviation in dimensional accuracy of 0.047 mm, which is more accurate than the 3D printer’s published tolerance of 0.1–0.4 mm.
Transcriptomics of Cruznema velatum (Nematoda: Rhabditidae) with a redescription of the species
Authors: Guo F. , Slos D. , Du H. , Li K. , Li H. , Qing X. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Cruznema velatum isolated from soil in a chestnut orchard located at Guangdong province, China, is redescribed with morphology, molecular barcoding sequences, and transcriptome data. The morphological comparison for C. velatum and six other valid species is provided. Phylogeny analysis suggests genus Cruznema is monophyletic. The species is amphimix, can be cultured with Escherichia coli in 7–9 days from egg to egg-laying adult, and has a lifespan of 11 to 14 days at 20°C. The transcription data generated 45,366 unigenes; 29.9%, 31.3%, 24.8%, and 18.6% of unigenes were annotated in KOG, SwissProt, GO, and KEGG, respectively. Further gene function analysis demonstrated that C. velatum share the same riboflavin, lipoic acid, and vitamin B6 metabolic pathways with Caenorhabditis elegans and Pristionchus pacificus.
A molecular mechanosensor for real-time visualization of appressorium membrane tension in Magnaporthe oryzae
Authors: Ryder Lauren S. , Lopez Sergio G. , Michels Lucile , Eseola Alice B. , Sprakel Joris , Ma Weibin , Talbot Nicholas J. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae uses a pressurized infection cell called an appressorium to drive a rigid penetration peg through the leaf cuticle. The vast internal pressure of an appressorium is very challenging to investigate, leaving our understanding of the cellular mechanics of plant infection incomplete. Here, using fluorescence lifetime imaging of a membrane-targeting molecular mechanoprobe, we quantify changes in membrane tension in M. oryzae. We show that extreme pressure in the appressorium leads to large-scale spatial heterogeneities in membrane mechanics, much greater than those observed in any cell type previously. By contrast, non-pathogenic melanin-deficient mutants, exhibit low spatially homogeneous membrane tension. The sensor kinase ∆sln1 mutant displays significantly higher membrane tension during inflation of the appressorium, providing evidence that Sln1 controls turgor throughout plant infection. This non-invasive, live cell imaging technique therefore provides new insight into the enormous invasive forces deployed by pathogenic fungi to invade their hosts, offering the potential for new disease intervention strategies.
Rapid tropicalization evidence of subtidal seaweed assemblages along a coastal transitional zone
Authors: de Azevedo Jonas , Franco João N. , Vale Cândida G. , Lemos Marco F. L. , Arenas Francisco 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAnthropogenic climate change, particularly seawater warming, is expected to drive quick shifts in marine species distribution transforming coastal communities. These shifts in distribution will be particularly noticeable in biogeographical transition zones. The continental Portuguese coast stretches from north to south along 900 km. Despite this short spatial scale, the strong physical gradient intensified by the Iberian upwelling creates a transition zone where seaweed species from boreal and Lusitanian-Mediterranean origin coexist. On the northern coast, kelp marine forests thrive in the cold, nutrient-rich oceanic waters. In the south, communities resemble Mediterranean-type seaweed assemblages and are dominated by turfs. Recent evidence suggests that in these coastal areas, marine intertidal species are shifting their distribution edges as a result of rising seawater temperatures. Taking advantage of previous abundance data collected in 2012 from subtidal seaweed communities, a new sampling program was carried out in the same regions in 2018 to assess recent changes. The results confirmed the latitudinal gradient in macroalgal assemblages. More importantly we found significant structural and functional changes in a short period of six years, with regional increases of abundance of warm-affinity species, small seaweeds like turfs. Species richness, diversity, and biomass increase, all accompanied by an increase of community temperature index (CTI). Our findings suggest that subtidal seaweed communities in this transitional area have undergone major changes within a few years. Evidence of “fast tropicalization” of the subtidal communities of the Portuguese coast are strong indication of the effects of anthropic climate change over coastal assemblages.
NK cell phenotypic profile during active TB in people living with HIV-evolution during TB treatment and implications for bacterial clearance and disease severity
Authors: Maseko Thando Glory , Rambaran Santhuri , Ngubane Slindile , Lewis Lara , Ngcapu Sinaye , Hassan-Moosa Razia , Archary Derseree , Perumal Rubeshan , Padayatchi Nesri , Naidoo Kogieleum , Sivro Aida 
Published: July 2023

AbstractNatural killer (NK) cells, key effector cells of the innate immune system, play an important role in the clearance and control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and HIV infections. Here, we utilized peripheral blood specimens from the Improving Retreatment Success CAPRISA 011 study to characterize NK cell phenotypes during active TB in individuals with or without HIV co-infection. We further assessed the effects of TB treatment on NK cell phenotype, and characterized the effects of NK cell phenotypes during active TB on mycobacterial clearance and TB disease severity measured by the presence of lung cavitation. TB/HIV co-infection led to the expansion of functionally impaired CD56neg NK cell subset. TB treatment completion resulted in restoration of total NK cells, NK cell subset redistribution and downregulation of several NK cell activating and inhibitory receptors. Higher percentage of peripheral CD56bright cells was associated with longer time to culture conversion, while higher expression of NKp46 on CD56dim NK cells was associated with lower odds of lung cavitation in the overall cohort and the TB/HIV co-infected participants. Together these results provide a detailed description of peripheral NK cells in TB and TB/HIV co-infection and yield insights into their role in TB disease pathology.
Role of precession on the transition seasons of the Asian monsoon
Authors: Wu Chi-Hua , Lee Shih-Yu , Chiang John C. H. , Tsai Pei-Chia 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWhile there have been many paleoclimate studies on the precessional control of climate, typically only the orbital phase where perihelion occurs close to the solstices has received attention. Here, we explore how precession affects the seasonal evolution of the Asian summer monsoon in the transitional seasons of boreal spring and autumn. With perihelion occurring in boreal spring, the Hadley circulation weakens over the northern Indian Ocean, linked to precession-enhanced sensible heating over the Tibetan Plateau. There is an early northward migration of the midlatitude westerly jet stream, and the advancement of the pre-monsoon along the Asian–Australian land bridge. The pre-monsoon response to precession may have had a major role in the early part of the last deglaciation, when perihelion last occurred during boreal spring. A weak continental summer monsoon and autumn aphelion during the early part of the last deglaciation led to a weak Pacific high over the east of coastal East Asia, allowing for a vigorous oceanic western North Pacific monsoon in the late summer. Additionally, the seasonal expansion of oceanic monsoon trough could shed light on the quasi-stationarity of the oceanic monsoon during a precessional cycle.
Age-related changes in circadian regulation of the human plasma lipidome
Authors: Rahman Shadab A. , Gathungu Rose M. , Marur Vasant R. , St. Hilaire Melissa A. , Scheuermaier Karine , Belenky Marina , Struble Jackson S. , Czeisler Charles A. , Lockley Steven W. , Klerman Elizabeth B. , Duffy Jeanne F. , Kristal Bruce S. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAging alters the amplitude and phase of centrally regulated circadian rhythms. Here we evaluate whether peripheral circadian rhythmicity in the plasma lipidome is altered by aging through retrospective lipidomics analysis on plasma samples collected in 24 healthy individuals (9 females; mean ± SD age: 40.9 ± 18.2 years) including 12 younger (4 females, 23.5 ± 3.9 years) and 12 middle-aged older, (5 females, 58.3 ± 4.2 years) individuals every 3 h throughout a 27-h constant routine (CR) protocol, which allows separating evoked changes from endogenously generated oscillations in physiology. Cosinor regression shows circadian rhythmicity in 25% of lipids in both groups. On average, the older group has a ~14% lower amplitude and a ~2.1 h earlier acrophase of the lipid circadian rhythms (both, p ≤ 0.001). Additionally, more rhythmic circadian lipids have a significant linear component in addition to the sinusoidal across the 27-h CR in the older group (44/56) compared to the younger group (18/58, p < 0.0001). Results from individual-level data are consistent with group-average results. Results indicate that prevalence of endogenous circadian rhythms of the human plasma lipidome is preserved with healthy aging into middle-age, but significant changes in rhythmicity include a reduction in amplitude, earlier acrophase, and an altered temporal relationship between central and lipid rhythms.
Altered brain dynamics index levels of arousal in complete locked-in syndrome
Authors: Zilio Federico , Gomez-Pilar Javier , Chaudhary Ujwal , Fogel Stuart , Fomina Tatiana , Synofzik Matthis , Schöls Ludger , Cao Shumei , Zhang Jun , Huang Zirui , Birbaumer Niels , Northoff Georg 
Published: July 2023

AbstractComplete locked-in syndrome (CLIS) resulting from late-stage amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is characterised by loss of motor function and eye movements. The absence of behavioural indicators of consciousness makes the search for neuronal correlates as possible biomarkers clinically and ethically urgent. EEG-based measures of brain dynamics such as power-law exponent (PLE) and Lempel-Ziv complexity (LZC) have been shown to have explanatory power for consciousness and may provide such neuronal indices for patients with CLIS. Here, we validated PLE and LZC (calculated in a dynamic way) as benchmarks of a wide range of arousal states across different reference states of consciousness (e.g., awake, sleep stages, ketamine, sevoflurane). We show a tendency toward high PLE and low LZC, with high intra-subject fluctuations and inter-subject variability in a cohort of CLIS patients with values graded along different arousal states as in our reference data sets. In conclusion, changes in brain dynamics indicate altered arousal in CLIS. Specifically, PLE and LZC are potentially relevant biomarkers to identify or diagnose the arousal level in CLIS and to determine the optimal time point for treatment, including communication attempts.
Easy-plane spin Hall oscillator
Authors: Montoya Eric Arturo , Khan Amanatullah , Safranski Christopher , Smith Andrew , Krivorotov Ilya N. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSpin Hall oscillators (SHOs) based on bilayers of a ferromagnet (FM) and a non-magnetic heavy metal (HM) are electrically tunable nanoscale microwave signal generators. Achieving high output power in SHOs requires driving large-amplitude magnetization dynamics by a direct spin Hall current. Here we present an SHO engineered to have easy-plane magnetic anisotropy oriented normal to the bilayer plane, enabling large-amplitude easy-plane dynamics driven by spin Hall current. Our experiments and micromagnetic simulations demonstrate that the easy-plane anisotropy can be achieved by tuning the magnetic shape anisotropy and perpendicular magnetic anisotropy in a nanowire SHO, leading to a significant enhancement of the generated microwave power. The easy-plane SHO experimentally demonstrated here is an ideal candidate for realization of a spintronic spiking neuron. Our results provide an approach to design of high-power SHOs for wireless communications, neuromorphic computing, and microwave assisted magnetic recording.
Lung cancer in never smokers (LCINS): development of a UK national research strategy
Authors: Khan Sam , Hatton Nathaniel , Tough Daniel , Rintoul Robert C. , Pepper Coral , Calman Lynn , McDonald Fiona , Harris Clare , Randle Amelia , Turner Michelle C. , Haley Ruth A. , Rawlinson Janette , Crosbie Philip A. J. , McCaughan Frank , Hatton Matthew 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Lung cancer in never smokers (LCINS) accounts for 15% of lung cancers diagnosed in the UK, making it the 8th most common cancer. There are few robust studies specific to the LCINS population making data surrounding the incidence and mortality of LCINS incomplete, leaving many gaps in our understanding of the needs of this population.

Methods
To address a lack of research in this important area, the UK National Cancer Research Institute Lung Study Group (NCRI-LSG) undertook a national survey and hosted a research strategy day to define key research priorities. A wide cross section of stakeholders, including patient advocates, the charitable sector, basic and translational researchers, and multi-disciplinary healthcare professionals contributed highlighting their research priorities.

Results
One-hundred twenty-seven surveys were completed (52 by patients/patient advocates) prior to the strategy day. These identified themes for expert review presentations and subsequent workshop discussions at the national research strategy day, which registered 190 attendees (50 patients/patient advocates). The four key themes that emerged to form the basis of a research strategy for LCINS are (1) Raising awareness, (2) Risk assessment and early detection, (3) Disease biology, (4) Living with and beyond.

Conclusion
This paper summarises current evidence and important gaps in our knowledge related to LCINS. We present recommendations for a national research strategy aimed at improving outcomes for patients.