bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Female Rangers in Latin America: An Assessment of Role, Recruitment, and Work Environment
Authors: Elligson Richard L , Álvarez Malvido Mónica , Moreto William D 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
There has been increased research examining conservation rangers. Little is known, however, about female rangers, including their primary roles and workplace environment. Few studies have examined the profession within a Latin American context. This qualitative study explores ranger respondents’ perceptions towards the role, recruitment, and working environment of female rangers in Latin American countries. Based on data obtained from interviews with 28 respondents across 11 countries, findings suggest female rangers’ roles are largely consistent with that of their male counterparts. However, different strengths were highlighted. Additionally, female involvement in the profession was attributed to national employment-based quotas, increased education and exposure, and the presence of women in leadership. Factors that led to a supportive work environment for female rangers included camaraderie, opportunities for professional development and growth, and attentive supervisors and subordinates. Conversely, the persistence of a machismo culture and discriminatory policies and practices were viewed as obstacles. Findings have several implications regarding gender diversity within the ranger profession. Discussion on academic-practitioner collaborations is also provided.
Improving academic and public health impact of Cochrane public health reviews: what can we learn from bibliographic metrics and author dissemination strategies? A cross-sectional study
Authors: Wolfenden Luke , Close Shara , Finch Meghan , Lecathelinais Christophe , Ramanathan Shanthi , De Santis Karina Karolina , Car Lorainne Tudor , Doyle Jodie , McCrabb Sam 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background
To facilitate the development of impactful research dissemination strategies, this study aimed to: (i) survey authors of trials included in a sample of Cochrane reviews to describe strategies to disseminate trial findings, and examine their association with academic and policy impacts and (ii) audit academic and policy impact of CPH reviews.

Methods
Authors of 104 trials within identified Cochrane reviews completed survey items assessing the dissemination strategies. Field weighted citation (FWCI) data extracted from bibliographic databases served as a measure of academic impact of trials and CPH reviews. Policy and practice impacts of trials were assessed during the survey of trial authors using items based on the Payback Framework, and for CPH reviews using ‘policy mention’ data collected via Altmetric Explorer.

Results
Among the included trials, univariate (but not multivariable) regression models revealed significant associations between the use of dissemination strategies (i.e. posts on social media; workshops with end-users; media-releases) and policy or practice impacts. No significant associations were reported between dissemination strategies and trial FWCI. The mean FWCI of CPH reviews suggest that they are cited 220% more than other reviews in their field.

Conclusions
Comprehensive dissemination strategies are likely required to maximize the potential the potential impacts of public health research.
Original Research: Patient Perception of Fall Risk in the Acute Care Setting
Authors: Tymkew Heidi , Taylor Beth , Vyers Kara , Costantinou Eileen , Arroyo Cassandra , Schallom Marilyn 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT

Purpose:
Hospitals are implementing a variety of fall prevention programs to reduce the fall rates of hospitalized patients. But if patients don't perceive themselves to be at risk for falling and don't adhere to fall prevention strategies, such programs are likely to be less effective. The purpose of this study was to describe the perceptions of fall risk among hospitalized patients across four acute care specialty services.

Methods:
One hundred patients who had been admitted to the study hospital and who had a Morse Fall Scale score over 45 were asked to complete the Patient Perception Questionnaire, a tool designed to explore a patient's confidence regarding their fall risk, fear of falling, and intention to engage in fall prevention activities. Morse Fall Scale scores were collected via retrospective chart review. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficients, and independent sample t tests.

Results:
Participants' mean age was 65 years; 52% were male, 48% female. Although all 100 participants were deemed at risk for falls per their Morse Fall Scale scores, only 55% considered themselves to be at such risk. As patients' confidence in their ability to perform mobility tasks increased, their intention to ask for help and fear of falling significantly decreased. Patients who had been admitted as the result of a fall demonstrated significantly lower confidence scores and higher fear scores.

Conclusions:
Patients who score high on fall risk assessments often don't perceive themselves to be at high risk for falling, and thus might not engage in fall prevention activities. Developing a fall risk assessment method that incorporates both a patient's physiological condition and their perception of their fall risk could help reduce fall rates in the acute care setting.
Peer Support Physical Activity Interventions Partnering Unknown Survivors of Cancer: A Scoping Review
Authors: Smith-Turchyn Jenna , Vani Madison F. , Murray Ross M. , McCowan Michelle E. , Edward Holly , Nayiga Brenda K. , Sabiston Catherine M. 
Published: May 2023

Background:
Social support is known to facilitate exercise among individuals with cancer; however, this support usually comes from a known source. The use of peer support, from an unknown peer, may facilitate exercise in survivors; however, this has not been well explored in the literature.

Purpose:
To examine the literature regarding the use, parameters, matching characteristics, and effectiveness of peer support physical activity interventions partnering unknown peers for individuals living beyond a cancer diagnosis.

Methods:
Six databases were searched for relevant reports up to December 17, 2021. Title/abstract screening, full-text review, and data extraction were completed in duplicate. Data were extracted for information on population, intervention and partner matching characteristics, and study outcomes. A qualitative synthesis was used to summarize findings and descriptive statistics were used to summarize applicable results.

Results:
Twelve reports were included in this review, describing 6 unique partner-based peer support physical activity interventions. Most interventions (83%) incorporated peers using a mentor/mentee relationship, where one peer acted as a topic “expert,” assisting the other peer around physical activity. All peers were “unknown” prior to the intervention and all interventions described physical activity level as a primary outcome. All articles including results demonstrated that peer support interventions led to significantly higher levels of physical activity post-treatment.

Discussion:
Promoting social support via unknown peers has potential to improve physical activity behavior in individuals living beyond a cancer diagnosis. Further research should examine the most appropriate mode of partner communication and the overall effectiveness of these interventions using social support as a primary outcome.
The Effect of Dehydroepiandrosterone Administration during Rehabilitation on White Matter Integrity Among Individuals With Polysubstance Use Disorder
Authors: Bilaus Ben , Turchinski Nuphar Rotem , Ahdoot Hadas Levi , Gavish Rina Eden , Shany Ofir , Maayan Rachel , Rosca Paola , Weizman Abraham , Delayahu Yael , Yadid Gal , Admon Roee 
Published: May 2023

Objectives
Individuals with polysubstance use disorder (pSUD) exhibit vulnerability to relapse even after prolonged abstinence, with rehabilitation efforts achieving limited success. Previous studies highlighted dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) as a putative therapeutic agent that may aid rehabilitation, potentially by impacting white matter (WM) properties. The current study tested, for the first time, the effect of DHEA administration during rehabilitation on WM integrity among pSUD individuals, while assessing its putative association with long-term relapse rates.

Methods
Immediately after admission to rehabilitation, 30 pSUD individuals were assigned to receive either placebo or DHEA (100 mg) daily for 3 months, via a randomized double-blind counterbalanced design. Participants also provided blood samples to assess circulating DHEA levels at treatment initiation and completed a diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) scan approximately 1 month after treatment initiation. Clinical status was evaluated 16 months after treatment initiation. Thirty matched healthy controls also underwent a DTI scan without any intervention.

Results
DHEA administration was not associated with reduced relapse rates compared with placebo. Nevertheless, exploratory analysis revealed that DHEA was associated with successful rehabilitation among pSUD individuals with low circulating DHEA levels at treatment initiation. White matter integrity in the splenium corpus callosum (CC) was reduced in pSUD individuals compared with healthy controls, yet pSUD individuals receiving DHEA exhibited recovery of splenium CC WM integrity.

Conclusions
DHEA administration during rehabilitation may restore WM integrity in the CC among pSUD individuals. Although DHEA was not associated with reduced relapse rates in here, its therapeutic efficacy may depend on circulating DHEA levels at treatment initiation.
The Fate of Overcorrection After Hemiepiphysiodesis in Valgus Deformities Around the Knee
Authors: Aksoy Taha , Bakircioglu Sancar , Ozdemir Erdi , Ramazanov Rafik , Aksoy Mehmet Cemalettin , Yilmaz Guney 
Published: May 2023

Background:
Tension band plating is widely used in the surgical treatment of coronal plane deformities around the knee. The rebound phenomenon after implant removal is a common complication of this technique. Overcorrection of joint orientation angles is a method to minimize the effect of the rebound phenomenon. This study aims to investigate the natural course of overcorrected joint orientation angles after plate removal in patients with genu valgum deformity.

Methods:
Patients who underwent hemiepiphysiodesis with tension band plating due to genu valgum deformity between 2010 and 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Mechanical lateral distal femoral angles (mLDFA) and mechanical medial proximal tibial angles were calculated before plate application, before implant removal, and at the last follow-up. At the implant removal, mLDFA>90 degrees and mechanical medial proximal tibial angles <85 degrees were accepted as overcorrected.

Results:
Seventy-two segments from 45 patients were included. For femoral valgus deformities (n=59), the mean mLDFAs at index surgery, implant removal, and the last follow-up were 79.8±3.9 degrees, 95.5±3.7 degrees, and 87.3±5.1 degrees, respectively. In the more and less than 10 degrees rebound groups, the median age of patients at index surgery were 66 and 101 months (P=0.04), the mLDFA during implant removal were 97.8 degrees and 94.4 degrees (P=0.005), and the mean amount of correction in mLDFA was 17 degrees and 13 degrees (P=0.001), respectively. At the last follow-up, joint orientation angles were found to be still overcorrected in 16 (22%), within normal limits in 36 (50%), and undercorrected in 20 (28%) segments. Ten (13%) segments required additional surgery due to residual deformity.

Conclusions:
Overcorrection with tension band plating is an effective modality in the treatment of genu valgum deformity. Rebound after plate removal increases as the age at index surgery decreases and the amount of conscious overcorrection increases. Most segments return to normal joint orientation angle limits after overcorrection. We recommend a mean of 5 degrees routine overcorrection in patients with genu valgum deformity to overcome the rebound phenomenon and to make future interventions easier if ever needed.

Level of Evidence:
Level III.
Radiographic Evaluation after Arthroscopic Partial Trapeziectomy with Suture-button Suspensionplasty for Thumb Carpometacarpal Arthritis
Authors: Shinya Yuki , Ikeguchi Ryosuke , Noguchi Takashi , Ando Maki , Yoshimoto Koichi , Sakamoto Daichi , Iwai Terunobu , Matsuda Shuichi 
Published: May 2023

Background:
Arthroscopic partial trapeziectomy with suture-button suspensionplasty was developed for the surgical treatment of thumb carpometacarpal arthritis. However, the relationship between clinical results and radiographic evidence is unclear.

Methods:
The authors retrospectively reviewed 33 consecutive patients who underwent arthroscopic partial trapeziectomy with suture-button suspensionplasty for thumb carpometacarpal arthritis between 2016 and 2021. Clinical and radiographic outcomes were recorded, and the correlations between them were evaluated.

Results:
The average patient age at surgery was 69 years. Patient radiologic evidence was Eaton stage Ⅱ in three thumbs, Ⅲ in 25 thumbs, and Ⅳ in five thumbs. The average trapezial space ratio (TSR) was 0.36 immediately after the operation but declined to 0.32 after 6 months. In contrast, the average joint subluxation was reduced to 0.005 immediately after the operation compared with 0.28 before, and was maintained at 0.04 at final follow-up. A statically significant correlation was detected between grip strength and TSR (P = 0.03), and between pinch strength and TSR (P = 0.02). A significant correlation was detected between TSR and trapezium height (P = 0.0215), which remained after partial trapeziectomy. No correlation was detected between rope position and other clinical or radiographic scores.

Conclusions:
Suture-button can have an effect on the medialization of the first metacarpal base. Excessive trapeziectomy can result in functional deficiency of the thumb through metacarpal subsidence, which potentially causes loss of grip and pinch strength.
Infectious Keratitis After Keratorefractive Surgery: Update and Review of the Literature
Authors: Liu Jiamin , Guo Xiaoyan , Wei Zhenyu , Zhang Yuheng , Zhang Zijun , Xu Xizhan , Liang Qingfeng 
Published: May 2023

Objectives:
To summarize the clinical manifestations, microbiological profile, treatment, and prognosis of corneal infections after different keratorefractive surgery.

Methods:
To obtain relevant studies, English-language databases, including PubMed, Ovid Embase, Web of Science, and CLNAHL, were searched from January 1979 to March 2022. The fundamentals of the literature, clinical characteristics, pathogens, and treatments were retrieved for each included article.

Results:
Eighty-four studies involving 306 infectious eyes were included in this review. Risk factors of potential infection included a history of blepharitis, contact lens usage, and contaminated surgical instruments. The mean onset time was 22.9±38.7 days (range: 1 day to 3 years). The most common organism isolated from infectious keratitis after keratorefractive surgery were Staphylococcus aureus, followed by Mycobacterium and coagulase-negative Staphylococcus. Most of the infections after refractive procedures were sensitive to medical treatment alone, and the ultimate best-corrected visual acuity after medical treatment was as follows: 20/20 or better in 82 cases (37.0%), 20/40 or better in 170 cases (76.5%), and worse than 20/40 in 52 cases (23.5%). Surgical interventions including flap lift, flap amputation, ring removal, and keratoplasty were performed in 120 eyes (44.5%).

Conclusions:
Most infections after keratorefractive surgery occur within a week, whereas more than half of the cases after laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis happen after about a month. Gram-positive cocci and mycobacterium are the most common isolates. Infections after LASIK, intracorneal ring (ICR) implantation, and small incision lenticule extraction, which primarily occur between the cornea layers, require irrigation of the tunnels or pocket with antibiotics.
Factors Affecting the Effectiveness of Discharge Planning Implementation: A Case-Control Cohort Study
Authors: PO Hui-Wen , LIN Fang-Ju , CHENG Hsing-Jung , HUANG Mei-Ling , CHEN Chung-Yu , HWANG Juey-Jen , CHIU Yi-Wen 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT

Background
In many hospitals, a discharge planning team works with the medical team to provide case management to ensure high-quality patient care and improve continuity of care from the hospital to the community. However, a large-scale database analysis of the effectiveness of overall discharge planning efforts is lacking.

Purpose
This study was designed to investigate the clinical factors that impact the efficacy of discharge planning in terms of hospital length of stay, readmission rate, and survival status.

Methods
A retrospective study was conducted based on patient medical records and the discharge plans applied to patients hospitalized in a regional medical center between 2017 and 2018. The medical information system database and the care service management information system maintained by the Ministry of Health and Welfare were used to collect data and explore patients' medical care and follow-up status.

Results
Clinical factors such as activities of daily living ≤ 60, having indwelling catheters, having poor control of chronic diseases, and insufficient caregiver capacity were found to be associated with longer hospitalization stays. In addition, men and those with indwelling catheters were found to have a higher risk of readmission within 30 days of discharge. Moreover, significantly higher mortality was found after discharge in men, those ≥ 75 years old, those with activities of daily living ≤ 60, those with indwelling catheters, those with pressure ulcers or unclean wounds, those with financial problems, those with caregivers with insufficient capacity, and those readmitted 14–30 days after discharge.

Conclusions
The findings of this study indicate that implementing case management for discharge planning does not substantially reduce the length of hospital stay nor does it affect patients' readmission status or prognosis after discharge. However, age, underlying comorbidities, and specific disease factors decrease the efficacy of discharge planning. Therefore, active discharge planning interventions should be provided to ensure transitional care for high-risk patients.
“It's Just a Checklist”
Authors: Adams Alexa , Joe Claire , Klinger Nathalie , Laforest Erika , Shankar Janki , Chen Shu-Ping 
Published: May 2023

Objectives
New immigrant workers (NIWs) are overrepresented in hazardous workplaces. Sufficient Occupational Health and Safety (OH&S) training could minimize workplace injuries. This study aims to identify the current status of OH&S and training for NIWs in Canada.

Methods
Generic qualitative research was conducted. Seven NIWs and nine service providers were interviewed to understand OH&S issues, perceptions on rules and regulations, and expectations for training. Thematic analysis was used for data analysis.

Results
Four themes that affect OH&S for NIWs include attitudes toward safety and training, personal barriers, Canadian workplace culture, and macrolevel interconnected systems. Three needs on OH&S training are increasing accessibility, ensuring full understanding, and building confidence.

Conclusions
Current training does not mitigate safety risks in workplaces, and NIWs do not feel empowered to exercise their rights. New training protocols would be beneficial to equip NIWs to enter the workforce.
Superior Mesenteric Artery Syndrome: A Case Report and Literatures Review
Authors: Xie Yingqiu , Chen Yang , Xia Dong , Zhu Youfeng 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
Superior mesenteric artery syndrome (SMAS) is a rare clinical disease caused by obstruction of the duodenum at the angle between the abdominal aorta and superior mesenteric artery. We report a male patient admitted to our hospital with a chief complaint of obvious postprandial vomiting and nausea. SMAS was confirmed by abdominal computed tomography images and clinical symptoms. After admission, the patient was treated with fasting, antibiotics, fluid resuscitation, parenteral nutrition, and other conservative treatments. However, the patient deteriorated rapidly and died because of multiple organ failure. SMAS is easily missed, which may delay timely treatment. Clinicians should improve their clinical understanding of SMAS.
Psyllium is a natural nonfermented gel-forming fiber that is effective for weight loss: A comprehensive review and meta-analysis
Authors: Gibb Roger D. , Sloan Kyle J. , McRorie Johnson W. 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Psyllium is a natural, predominantly soluble fiber that forms a viscous gel when hydrated and is not digested or fermented. In the small intestine, psyllium gel increases chyme viscosity, slowing the degradation and absorption of nutrients. Psyllium has a significant effect in patients with metabolic syndrome and type-2 diabetes on glycemic control, while lowering serum cholesterol in hypercholesterolemic patients. Some randomized controlled studies have shown that psyllium also facilitates weight loss in overweight and obese participants.

Objectives:
A comprehensive review and meta-analysis assessing psyllium's impact on body weight, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference in overweight and obese participants.

Data sources:
A comprehensive search was performed (Medline, Scopus, Cochrane Database) through March 21, 2022, using search terms to identify randomized, controlled, clinical studies designed to assess weight loss in overweight and obese participants over at least 2 months. Data were analyzed using the inverse variance method with random effects models.

Conclusions:
Six studies meeting inclusion criteria were identified (total n = 354). The meta-analysis showed that psyllium, dosed just before meals (mean dose 10.8 g/day, mean duration 4.8 months), was effective for decreasing body weight (MD = −2.1 kg [95% confidence interval [CI]: −2.6 to −1.6]; p < .001), BMI (MD = −0.8 kg/m2 [95% CI: −1.0 to −0.6]; p < .001) and waist circumference (MD = −2.2 cm [95% CI: −2.9 to −1.4]; p < .001) in overweight and obese populations.

Implications for practice:
Gel-forming nonfermented psyllium fiber, dosed just before meals, is effective in facilitating weight loss in overweight and obese participants.