bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The debate over proximate and ultimate causation in biology
Authors: Shan Yafeng 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIt has been over 60 years since Ernst Mayr famously argued for the distinction between proximate and ultimate causes in biology. In the following decades, Mayr’s proximate-ultimate distinction was well received within evolutionary biology and widely regarded as a major contribution to the philosophy of biology. Despite its enormous influence, there has been a persistent controversy on the distinction. It has been argued that the distinction is untenable. In addition, there have been complaints about the pragmatic value of the distinction in biological research. Some even suggested that the distinction should better be abandoned. In contrast, Mayr had consistently maintained the significance of the proximate-ultimate distinction in biology. There are also other attempts to defend the distinction. The paper examines the debate by taking an integrated History and Philosophy of Science (HPS) approach and argues for a functional approach to causal concepts in scientific practice.
Detection of an invasive plant (Cissus verticillata) in the largest mangrove system on the eastern Pacific coast—a remote sensing approach
Authors: Valderrama-Landeros Luis , Camacho-Cervantes Morelia , Velázquez-Salazar Samuel , Villeda-Chávez Edgar , Flores-Verdugo Francisco , Flores-de-Santiago Francisco 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe identification and monitoring of invasive plant species utilizing spaceborne sensors have posed substantial challenges over the past few decades, mainly due to a scarcity of state-of-the-art sensors, limited digital processing capabilities, and the presence of a phenological spectral feature that is not readily detectable by conventional methods. The invasive plant Cissus verticillata, first detected in 2017, has affected the largest mangrove system on the eastern Pacific coast—Marismas Nacionales—spreading rapidly and aggressively through the mangrove canopy, and causing degradation and even mortality, mainly of Rhizophora mangle, by obstructing the sunlight over the canopy. The purpose of this study was to isolate the multispectral signal from Cissus verticillata by using a cloud computing approach with Google Earth Engine and generate a comprehensive map of the entire mangrove system by means of a novel dense time series of Sentinel-2 data. Results indicate that the optimal period for detecting Cissus verticillata is between October and December. Furthermore, this species is expanding its range along the riverbanks in the central region of Marismas Nacionales, with its coverage increasing from 426.16 ha in 2019 to 838.08 ha in 2021. These areas were verified with a field endeavor and have signified a substantial development, given that the plant had not been previously identified in this region with conventional field methods due to logistical constraints. The findings and approach of this study will contribute to the decision-making required to manage this invasive plant.
Community-based valuation of wetland ecosystem services: insights from Bamenda, Cameroon
Authors: Dingha Chrispo Babila , Biber-Freudenberger Lisa , Mbanga Lawrence Akei , Kometa Sunday Shende 
Published: January 2025

AbstractWetlands provide important benefits in terms of provisioning, cultural, regulating and supporting ecosystem services to societies all over the world, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa. Despite the existence of multiple approaches for the valuation of these services, economic methods have dominated the scientific debate with infrequent integration of non-monetary valuation methods to capture community perceptions. This paper aims to assess the value of ecosystem services provided by wetlands based on the perception of the local community in Bamenda Cameroon. We explore if this perception is influenced by factors such as gender, education, and sub-division of residence in relation to the wetland area using a questionnaire administered purposively to a total of 400 respondents living/carrying out activities in and around wetlands. We complemented this methodology with field observation to explore aspects of wetland utilisation on the ground beyond the pre-defined survey questions assessing communities’ perception of the importance of different ecosystem services. Data was entered into the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (version 20) for wrangling and visualisation in R (version 4.3.0). The results indicate that the most valued wetland ecosystem services are directly linked to peoples’ livelihood such as the provision of food, traditional agricultural practices and the support of habitats to various plants and animals collected or hunted by local people. We also found a significant difference between the perception of the importance of ecosystem services based on educational level and sub-division of location in relation to wetlands (P-value ≤ 0.01), suggesting that communities living closer to the wetlands appreciate the importance of the ecosystem services relatively more than those living further away. Our results are relevant for improved recognition and integration of local community interest and engagement for inclusive wetland conservation and management.
Removal of Ampicillin with Nitrifying Cultures in a SBR Reactor
Authors: Maturano-Carrera Daniel , Oltehua-López Omar , Cuervo-López Flor de María , Texier Anne-Claire 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe presence of antibiotics in wastewater discharges significantly affects the environment, mainly due to the generation of bacterial populations with multiple antibiotic resistances. The cometabolic capacity of nitrifying sludge to simultaneously remove ammonium (NH4+) and emerging organic contaminants (EOCs), including antibiotics, has been reported. In the present study, the removal capacity of 50 mg ampicillin (AMP)/L by nitrifying cultures associated with biosorption and biotransformation processes was evaluated in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) system. The contribution of nitrifying enzymes (ammonium monooxygenase (AMO) and nitrite oxidoreductase (NOR)) and β-lactamases in AMP biodegradation was evaluated using specific inhibitors in batch cultures. AMP was 100% eliminated after 5 h since the first cycle of operation. The sludge maintained its ammonium oxidizing capacity with the total consumption of 102.0 ± 2.5 mg NH4+-N/L in 9 h, however, the addition of AMP altered the nitrite-oxidizing process of nitrification, recovering 30 cycles later at both physiological and kinetic level. The kinetic activity of the nitrifying sludge improved along the operating cycles for both AMP removal and nitrification processes. The elimination of 24% AMP was attributed to the biosorption process and 76% to biotransformation, wherein the AMO enzyme contributed 95% to its biodegradation. Finally, the repeated exposure of the sludge to AMP for 72 operating cycles (36 days) was not sufficient to detect β-lactamase activity. The cometabolic ability of ammonium-oxidizing bacteria for biodegrading AMP could be employed for bioremediation of wastewater.
Graphical Abstract
Relations among family communication, cognitive flexibility, and happiness in Turkish adults: a longitudinal mediation model
Authors: Okur Sinan , Ümmet Durmuş , Satıcı Seydi Ahmet , Kütük Hasan 
Published: January 2025

AbstractFamily relationships and family life are important protective factors for psychological health. Establishing healthy communication between members of a family is important for the happiness of individuals. There are several cross-sectional findings regarding family communication in the literature. A longitudinal design was used to examine the mediating effect of cognitive flexibility in the relationship between family communication and happiness, taking into consideration the limitations of the cross-sectional design. In this study, data from the Turkish adult sample (N = 277) was collected in two waves at four-month intervals. The ages of the sample group [195 (70.4%) female and 82 (29.6%) male] are between 20 and 55. The average age was calculated as 29.66 (SD = 8.27). We used the cross-lagged panel model for the half-longitudinal mediation model for testing mediation with two time points at four-month intervals. The findings revealed that the variables of the study had significant longitudinal associations, and cognitive flexibility played a longitudinal mediating role in the relationship between family communication and happiness. The current results prove the importance of healthy relationships among family members and highlight the significant influence of family communication and cognitive flexibility on happiness.
The effect of exercise in virtual environment on psychological well-being and motivation for recreation participation
Authors: Gumusgul Osman , Acet Mehmet , Senturk Aydın , Akin Sinan , Isik Utku , Gumusgul Ceren 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis study examined the effects of virtual exercise participation on leisure motivation, psychological well-being, and performance outcomes. A sample of 110 university students (Xage = 21.49 ± 1.82) participated in a virtual cycling simulation over an approximate eight-week period, performing individually, in a group setting, and then as teammates with an unfamiliar partner. For each session, performance indicators—completion time, average heart rate, cadence, power output, and calorie expenditure—were recorded. The Leisure Motivation Scale and Psychological Well-Being Scale were administered before the initial ride and after the final ride. Analysis using Repeated Measure ANOVA (Analysis of variance) revealed significant differences in performance metrics across the three exercise conditions. Pairwise Comparisons with Bonferroni correction indicated specific differences between group configurations, and a Paired Sample t-test showed notable changes in leisure motivation and psychological well-being from pre- to post-test. These findings highlight the role of social context in virtual exercise performance and its impact on participants’ motivational and psychological outcomes.
Diagnostik und Therapie rheumatischer Tenosynovialitiden am Fuß
Authors: Biehl Christoph , Biehl Madita , Biehl Lotta 
Published: January 2025

ZusammenfassungRheumatiker entwickeln im Lauf ihrer Erkrankung in einem hohen Prozentsatz entzündliche Veränderungen der Sehnen. Sind Sehnen des Fußes betroffen, hat das Auswirkungen auf die Statik und Mobilität. Pathologien können hingegen kaschiert und ihr Erkennen erschwert sein. Inflammatorische Zellen, alle voran die fibroblastenähnlichen Zellen (FLS), können direkte und indirekte Schäden erzeugen. Je nach Grunderkrankung unterscheidet sich das Muster der Schädigung und die sich hieraus ergebende Therapie. Eine profunde klinische Untersuchung ist die zentrale Säule der Diagnostik, die mit der Sonographie und ggf. einer Röntgenuntersuchung ergänzt wird. Therapeutisch sind, anders als bei Arthrosepatienten, Sehnenrekonstruktionen seltener. Es überwiegen die Versorgungen, die sich an der Situation der Gelenke orientieren. Ziel ist dabei der Erhalt der Mobilität des Patienten.
Promising Short-Term Outcomes of Pulmonary Resections from Low-Volume Centre in Tier II City in India
Authors: Puvvada Rajyalakshmi , Nittala Rigved , Padhy Amita Sekhar , Mekala Pravallika 
Published: January 2025

AbstractLung cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths in the world. Surgery offers the best potential cure, but as in any surgery, there are some complications that will be minimised with the improvement of surgical practice and treatment protocols. This study aims to analyse the short-term outcomes of thoracoscopic and open lung resections in a low volume centre at Visakhapatnam, India. Twelve patients who underwent thoracoscopic or open lung resections for primary and metastatic lung tumors from September 2022 to December 2023 at Homi Bhabha Cancer Hospital & Research Centre (HBCH&RC), Visakhapatnam, were analysed retrospectively. Data was collected from Electronic Medical Records including demographic data, neo-adjuvant and adjuvant therapy, surgical procedure performed, histopathology type, time to chest drain removal, length of hospital stay, perioperative mortality and morbidity occurring within 30 days after surgery. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 26. A total 12 patients underwent pulmonary resections during the study period. Median age was 48.5 years. Surgical procedures performed were 4-bilobectomies, 7-lobectomies and 1-metastasectomy. Chest wall resection was performed for 2 cases, pericardial and diaphragm excision for one case. Surgical approaches were video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS), VATS converted to open and open—4 each. Major common complications were air leak and collapse which occurred in 33.3% of patients. Median duration of hospital stay was 6.5 days. There was no 30-day mortality. Safe outcomes are achievable after lung resections (both open and VATS procedures) in low-volume centre with trained and dedicated surgeons, anaesthesiologists and proper patient selection.
Professional learning interventions for inquiry-based pedagogies in primary classrooms: A scoping review (2012–2022)
Authors: Fry Kym , Nakar Sonal , Zorn Kristin 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIn the contemporary educational landscape characterised by performativity pressures, schools face increasing scrutiny regarding their students’ mathematical outcomes. Inquiry-based approaches in mathematics education offer promising potential to enhance reasoning and problem-solving capabilities across diverse student populations. However, the transition from teacher-centred methodologies to student-centred, inquiry-based approaches presents significant challenges for educators. This scoping review examines reported professional learning approaches aimed at building teacher capacity in implementing inquiry-based mathematics instruction, with the potential to improve student engagement and interest in the subject. Here, capacity refers to a teacher’s ongoing professional ability to implement and effect change. The review provides insights into various hindrances to implementing inquiry-based learning, including the substantial time investment required, teachers’ confidence levels, and the challenge of shifting deeply ingrained pedagogical beliefs. Conversely, it identifies a range of supports for facilitating this pedagogical shift, with the ultimate goal of improving students’ mathematical outcomes. These supports include school-wide commitments to providing opportunities for teachers to actively collaborate with specialist educators and mentors within their institutions. Findings from this review underscore that the transition to inquiry-based approaches is a gradual process requiring sustained effort and commitment. The foundation for this shift lies in cultivating a school culture that acknowledges and addresses the complex needs of both teachers and leaders in implementing inquiry-based learning. This review contributes to the growing body of literature on professional development in mathematics education, offering valuable insights for educators, administrators, and policymakers seeking to enhance mathematical instruction and student outcomes through inquiry-based approaches.
Defining Organismality
Authors: Wilmsen Saskia , Kost Christian 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe organism is the central entity in biological science. However, consensus with regard to the definition of the underlying concept is lacking. Moreover, several ambiguous life forms exist that challenge current definitions of the term. Based on a comprehensive analysis of the available literature, we provide an overview of the criteria and approaches that have been previously used to define organismality. In addition, we highlight non-paradigmatic biological entities to identify problems that challenge definitions of organismal units. To address these issues, we propose a cross-disciplinary definition of the organism concept and provide a list of key criteria that allow both paradigmatic and non-paradigmatic cases to be unequivocally classified. In this way, our work not only provides newcomers with an overview of this exciting field, but also enhances communication across disciplines.
Modeling sustainable city trips: integrating $$\text {CO}_{2}\text {e}$$ emissions, popularity, and seasonality into tourism recommender systems
Authors: Banerjee Ashmi , Mahmudov Tunar , Adler Emil , Aisyah Fitri Nur , Wörndl Wolfgang 
Published: January 2025

AbstractTourism affects not only the tourism industry but also society and stakeholders such as the environment, local businesses, and residents. Tourism recommender systems (TRS) can be pivotal in promoting sustainable tourism by guiding travelers toward destinations with minimal negative impact. Our paper introduces a composite sustainability indicator for a city trip recommender system based on the users’ starting point and month of travel. This indicator integrates CO$$_2$$

2

e emissions for different transportation modes and analyses destination popularity and seasonal demand. We quantify city popularity based on user reviews, points of interest, and search trends from Tripadvisor and Google Trends data. To calculate a seasonal demand index, we leverage data from TourMIS and Airbnb. We conducted a user study to explore the fundamental trade-offs in travel decision-making and determine the weights for our proposed indicator. Finally, we demonstrate the integration of this indicator into a TRS, illustrating its ability to deliver sustainable city trip recommendations. This work lays the foundation for future research by integrating sustainability measures and contributing to responsible recommendations by TRS.
Advancements in Passive Wireless Sensing Systems in Monitoring Harsh Environment and Healthcare Applications
Authors: Yue Wei , Guo Yunjian , Lee Jong‐Chul , Ganbold Enkhzaya , Wu Jia-Kang , Li Yang , Wang Cong , Kim Hyun Soo , Shin Young-Kee , Liang Jun-Ge , Kim Eun-Seong , Kim Nam-Young 
Published: January 2025

AbstractRecent advancements in passive wireless sensor technology have significantly extended the application scope of sensing, particularly in challenging environments for monitoring industry and healthcare applications. These systems are equipped with battery-free operation, wireless connectivity, and are designed to be both miniaturized and lightweight. Such features enable the safe, real-time monitoring of industrial environments and support high-precision physiological measurements in confined internal body spaces and on wearable epidermal devices. Despite the exploration into diverse application environments, the development of a systematic and comprehensive research framework for system architecture remains elusive, which hampers further optimization of these systems. This review, therefore, begins with an examination of application scenarios, progresses to evaluate current system architectures, and discusses the function of each component—specifically, the passive sensor module, the wireless communication model, and the readout module—within the context of key implementations in target sensing systems. Furthermore, we present case studies that demonstrate the feasibility of proposed classified components for sensing scenarios, derived from this systematic approach. By outlining a research trajectory for the application of passive wireless systems in sensing technologies, this paper aims to establish a foundation for more advanced, user-friendly applications.
A New AI Tool for the Design of Cartographic Pictograms (PictoAI) and Its Potentials for Increasing Their Meaningfulness
Authors: Drews Jule , Weißmann Marco , Keil Julian , Dickmann Frank , Edler Dennis 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis study introduces PictoAI, a custom AI tool developed by the cartographic research team at Ruhr University Bochum for the generation of cartographic pictograms. This study also evaluates its effectiveness compared to traditional pictograms used by OpenStreetMap (OSM). In thematic cartography, the clarity and interpretability of pictograms are crucial for effective communication, yet user interpretation can differ from expert-designed pictogram meanings. By using artificial intelligence, specifically a custom GPT model integrated with DALL-E by OpenAI, PictoAI offers an approach for the automated generation of visually consistent and thematically appropriate pictograms. An empirical study involving 70 participants compared the interpretability of 24 AI-generated pictograms with the equivalent OSM pictograms. Results show that PictoAI-generated pictograms were significantly more interpretable, with a correct response rate of 67.26%, compared to 31.79% for OSM pictograms. The study highlights the potential of graphic AI in enhancing cartographic communication by demonstrating that AI-generated pictograms can significantly improve interpretability and efficiency in thematic cartography. The findings also underscore the future role of AI in automating and democratizing the pictogram creation process in cartography. PictoAI is already accessible and can be explored as a Chat-GPT-subscriber with this website (https://chatgpt.com/g/g-1465GB5y0-pictoai).
Clinical pathological characteristics and prognosis of orbital myeloid sarcoma-a single center retrospective study with 14 Chinese patients
Authors: Zhou Tianyi , Guan Jiaqi , Ye Huijing , Yang Huasheng 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Purpose
Myeloid sarcoma (MS) is a rare extramedullary tumor of myeloid origin, often underdiagnosed or misdiagnosed, particularly in children. This study aims to evaluate the clinicopathological features, immunophenotypes, therapeutic approaches, and prognosis to enhance patient management.

Methods
This retrospective, single-center case series examined 14 patients diagnosed with myeloid sarcoma through pathological analysis.

Results
The median age at diagnosis was 7 years, with a male-to-female ratio of 8:6. The median disease duration at diagnosis was 1 month, and all patients had unilateral eye involvement. The most common presentation was proptosis, followed by restricted eye movement and eyelid swelling. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that MPO (myeloperoxidase) and lysozyme were the most frequently expressed markers, followed by CD56, α1-antitrypsin (AACT), and CD34. Eleven patients were treated with chemotherapy according to the acute myeloid leukemia (AML) regimen. The median follow-up time for these patients was 13 months. No relapses occurred; one patient died, and three were lost to follow-up. The Kaplan–Meier survival analysis estimated a 5-year overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS) rate of 87.5%.

Conclusion
Diagnosing myeloid sarcoma (MS) is often challenging. An adequate tumor biopsy and comprehensive immunohistochemical analysis are essential for an accurate diagnosis. Early and consistent systemic chemotherapy can result in long-term survival.