bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the Exact analytical solution and Van der Pol like equation of infectious diseases model with the time-dependent total population
Authors: Zakia Zulfa Siti , Nurmala Intan , Wijayanto Mirda Prisma , Sulaiman Albertus 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

In this paper, we derive the exact analytical solution in the parametric form of the infectious diseases (SIR) model, taking into account the population migration and vaccines SIRVN. By applying derivatives and substitutions, we convert the SIRVN equation into nonlinear third-order differential equation, and get an approximate semi-analytical solution in the form of a parametric function. The long-time oscillatory behavior of SIRVN model studies reduces to Van der Pol like equation with nonlinear damping. An analytic solution is obtained by multi-scale analysis and the Laplace transform methods. The result shows the comparison between the exact solution and the Jakarta outbreak data correlate of about R2 = 0.99. We also found that the vaccine effectively reduces the outbreak’s peak, and the asymptotic stability implies that Jakarta will change from the pandemic to the endemic. Finally, the solutions of Van der Pol-like equation show that the existence of multiple outbreak waves can be explained by this model.
Technical-economic evaluation to integrate a solar photovoltaic with biomass thermoelectric plants
Authors: Geris César André Alessio , Silva Sergio Batista , Souto Olívio Carlos Nascimento , Hunt Julian David , Belchior Fernando Nunes , Freitas Marcos Aurélio Vasconcelos 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Biomass used to be a serious problem and caused several environmental impacts but it is currently lacking in some industrial units. Along with this condition, the accelerated growth of photovoltaic technology in the country due to its strong environmental appeal, cheaper equipment and the prominent position of Brazil in terms of solar potential has made this energy source a very competitive option for use in a hybrid way with other generation forms. This study presents a data analysis of a Biomass Thermoelectric Power Plant operating in Araporã, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Herein, a photovoltaic system is dimensioned with the plant working within its project conditions and analyzes are carried out on electricity generation from this technology and its impacts on the company’s financial income, focusing on correcting or mitigating a large part of the deficit problems in electric power generation faced by the company. This article conducts a study on the economic feasibility of installing a photovoltaic solar plant to operate in conjunction with a Biomass Thermoelectric Power Plant, presenting data that proves that this investment is capable of reducing the biomass consumption from sugarcane bagasse and reaching minimum export surpluses.
Screening of keloid immune microenvironment-related genes and their effects on keloid proliferation and migration
Authors: Pei Yongyan , Wu Yikai , Zhang Mengqi , Su Xuemin , Cao Hua , Zhao Jiaji 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Keloid is a kind of proliferative scar with continuous growth, no restriction and easy recurrence, which cannot be cured and bring serious physical injury and psychological burden to patients. The main reason is that the pathological mechanism is not clear. Therefore, this project is expected to reveal the immune microenvironment-related genes and their functions in keloid progression, and provide effective targets for the treatment of keloid. Firstly, 8 kinds of immune infiltrating cells and 19 potential characteristic genes were identified by immune infiltration analysis, ssGSEA, LASSO regression (glmnet algorithm and lars algorithm) and WGCNA, indicating that keloid is closely related to the changes of immune microenvironment. Then, 4 pathological biomarkers of keloid (MAPK1, PTPRC, STAT3 and IL1R1) were identified by differentially analysis, univariate analysis, LASSO regression (lars algorithm), support vector machine recursive feature elimination (SVM-REF) algorithm, multivariate logical regression analysis and six machine learning algorithms. Based on the 4-characteristic genes, the risk prediction model and nomogram are constructed. Calibration curve and ROC analysis (AUC = 0.930) show that the model has reliable clinical value. Subsequently, consistent cluster analysis was used to find that there were 2 immune microenvironment subsets in keloid patients, of which subgroup Ⅱ was immune subgroup. Multiple independent datasets and RT-qPCR showed that the expression trend of the 4 genes was consistent with the analysis. Cell gain-loss experiment confirmed that 4 genes regulate the proliferation and migration of keloid cells. The above data shows that MAPK1, PTPRC, STAT3 and IL1R1 may be personalized therapeutic targets for keloid patients.
Fine root distribution and soil physicochemical properties variations in four contrasting urban land use types in South Korea
Authors: Tran Lan Thi Ngoc , An Ji Young , Carayugan Mark Bryan , Hernandez Jonathan O. , Rahman SK Abidur , Yoon Woo Bin , Jo Min Seon , Carvalho Julia Inacio , Han Si Ho , Nguyen Hai-Hoa , Park Byung Bae 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Fine root distribution patterns across land use types and their relationships with soil physicochemical properties are crucial for sustainable management of vegetated urban land uses amid urbanization and increasing demands for green spaces. Thus, we investigated soil properties and spatial distribution of fine roots mass in two diameter classes of fine roots (0–2 and 2–5 mm) at six soil depths across different land use types in urban areas, including grassland (ZJ), apple orchards (MP), pine forest (PD) and oak forest (QA). Soil pH, organic matter (OM), potassium, calcium varied significantly across land use types. Available P, Ca2+, Mg2+, pH, and NO3-N were higher in ZJ and MP, while CEC, C/N ratio, and OM were higher in PD and QA. Total fine root biomass and necromass (0-5cm) across the 0–30 cm soil profile in ZJ, MP, PD, QA were 440.09, 98.30, 487.21, 700.30 g m− 2 and 88.49, 1.06, 34.33, 64.49 g m− 2, respectively. Results revealed that fine root vertical distribution varied among land use types and most of fine roots were found in the topsoil layers (0–10 cm), except for MP. Fine root biomass in the upper soil layer (0–10 cm) across land use types followed the order ZJ > QA > PD > MP. In conclusion, fine root biomass/necromass differed significantly, primarily explained by variations in soil physicochemical properties and depth. Findings of the study can enhance understanding of the factors influencing spatial distribution of fine roots of various plants and provide implications for sustainable management of different vegetated land uses in urban areas.
Maximum-norm a posteriori error bounds for an extrapolated upwind scheme applied to a singularly perturbed convection-diffusion problem
Authors: Linss Torsten , Radojev Goran 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Richardson extrapolation is applied to a simple first-order upwind difference scheme for the approximation of solutions of singularly perturbed convection-diffusion problems in one dimension. Robust α posteriori error bounds are derived for the proposed method on arbitrary meshes. It is shown that the resulting error estimator can be used to stear an adaptive mesh algorithm that generates meshes resolving layers and singularities. Numerical results are presented that illustrate the theoretical findings.
AMS subject classification (2020): 65L11, 65L50, 65L70
The global potential for natural regeneration in deforested tropical regions
Authors: Williams Brooke , Beyer Hawthorne , Fagan Matthew , Chazdon Robin , Schmoeller Marina , Sprenkle-Hyppolite Starry , Griscom Bronson , Watson James , Tedesco Anazélia , Gonzalez-Roglich Mariano , Daldegan Gabriel , Bodin Blaise , Celentano Danielle , Wilson Sarah , Alexandre Nikola , Kim Do-Hyung , Bastos Diego Bastos , Crouzeilles Renato 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Extensive forest restoration is a key strategy to meet nature-based sustainable development goals and provide multiple social and environmental benefits. Yet achieving forest restoration at scale requires cost-effective methods. Tree planting in degraded landscapes is a popular but costly forest restoration method, which often results in less biodiverse forests when compared to natural regeneration techniques under similar conditions. Here, we assess the current spatial distribution of pantropical natural forest (from 2000-2016) and use this information to present the first model of the potential for natural regeneration across tropical forested countries and biomes at 30-meter spatial resolution. We estimate that 215 million hectares - an area greater than the entire country of Mexico - have potential for natural forest regeneration, representing an above-ground carbon sequestration potential of 23.4 Gt CO2 (range 21.1-25.7 Gt) over 30 years. Five countries (Brazil, Indonesia, China, Mexico, and Colombia) account for 52% of this estimated potential, showcasing the need for targeting restoration initiatives that leverage natural regeneration potential. Our results facilitate broader equitable decision-making processes that capitalise on the widespread opportunity for natural regeneration to help achieve national and global environmental agendas.
A Novel Encoding Technique Using a Self Invertible Key Matrix and the Adjacency Matrices of Pan Graphs
Authors: P Mohan , K Rajendran , A Rajesh 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Message encryption techniques are now the most important safeguards for our data and communications. The use of networks and the internet has sped up the development of message encryption technology. If sensitive, private messages are shared over unsecured networks, there is a possibility of an attack, theft, or hacking of the communications. It has been revealed that using cryptographic techniques is essential for shortening this period. The Caesar Cipher, Hill Cipher, and others are a few examples of the symmetric enciphering methods. The enciphering method given in this article encrypts and decrypts the input messages to generate a complex cipher using a self-invertible key matrix and an adjacency matrix of the pan graphs. Since the key matrix we are using is the self-invertible matrix, whose inverse always exists, we can decode the cipher without having to compute the inverse of the key matrix. The reduction in computational complexity facilitates our capacity to determine the inverse of a key matrix.
Assessment of Staphylococcus Aureus Growth on Biocompatible 3D Printed Materials
Authors: Senderovich Nicole , Shah Sharan , Ow Thomas J. , Rand Stephanie , Nosanchuk Joshua , Wake Nicole 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The customizability of 3D printing allows for the manufacturing of personalized medical devices such as laryngectomy tubes, but it is vital to establish the biocompatibility of printing materials to ensure that they are safe and durable. The goal of this study was to assess the presence of S. aureus biofilms on a variety of 3D printed materials (two surgical guide resins, a photopolymer, an elastomer, and a thermoplastic elastomer filament) as compared to standard, commercially available laryngectomy tubes.
C-shaped discs (15 mm in height, 20 mm in diameter, and 3 mm in thickness) were printed with five different biocompatible 3D printing materials and S. aureus growth was compared to ShileyTM laryngectomy tubes made from polyvinyl chloride. Discs of each material were inoculated with S. aureus cultures and incubated overnight. All materials were then removed from solution, washed in phosphate-buffered saline to remove planktonic bacteria, and sonicated to detach biofilms. Some solution from each disc was plated and colony-forming units were manually counted the following day. The resulting data was analyzed using a Kruskal-Wallis and Wilcoxon Rank Sum test to determine pairwise significance between the laryngectomy tube material and the 3D printed materials.
The Shiley™ tube grew a median of 320 colonies (IQR 140-520), one surgical guide resin grew a median of 640 colonies (IQR 356-920), the photopolymer grew a median of 340 colonies (IQR 95.5-739), the other surgical guide resin grew a median of 431 colonies (IQR 266.5-735), the thermoplastic elastomer filament grew a median of 188 colonies (IQR 113.5-335), and the elastomer grew a median of 478 colonies (IQR 271-630). Using the Wilcoxon Rank Sum test, manual quantification showed a significant difference between biofilm formation only between the Shiley™ tube and a surgical guide resin (p=0.018).
This preliminary study demonstrates that bacterial colonization was comparable among most 3D printed materials as compared to the conventionally manufactured device. Continuation of this work with increased replicates will be necessary to determine which 3D printing materials optimally resist biofilm formation.
Analyzing Factors Influencing Groundwater Recharge Potential in the Middle Ganga Basin: An AHP Approach
Authors: Arya Er. Vinay , Rao Mavidnam Someshwar 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

The middle Ganga basin assumes a pivotal role in India's socio-economic and ecological fabric, supporting a substantial population dwelling along its banks. This paper seeks to analyze factors influencing the ground water recharge potential in the region, employing sophisticated techniques, including Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), remote sensing, and Geographic Information System (GIS). The study delves into the intricate relationships between land use, rainfall patterns, soil characteristics, and lineaments, assessing their impact on groundwater recharge. By utilizing AHP methodology, a comprehensive evaluation of the factors' significance and relative importance is achieved. Remote sensing data and satellite imagery are harnessed to procure precise spatial information, facilitating the identification and mapping of distinct land use categories within the study area. The outcomes highlight regions with heightened potential for groundwater recharge within the middle Ganga basin, offering vital insights for sustainable water resource management, benefitting the vast population dependent on the Ganga River. In conclusion, this paper provides crucial insights into factors impacting groundwater recharge potential in the middle Ganga basin, empowering informed decision-making in water resource management. The amalgamation of AHP, remote sensing, and GIS techniques enhances result accuracy and reliability, rendering them pertinent for policy-makers, planners, and stakeholders involved in sustainable development and water management in the region.
Passive carbon sequestration associated with wollastonite mining, Adirondack Mountains, New York
Authors: Peck William H. , Keller Dianne , Arnold Victoria S. , McDonald Faith , Kuentz Lily C. , Nugent Paul M. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Crushed ore in Adirondack wollastonite mines (New York) shows textural evidence for wollastonite dissolution and cementation by calcite and opal. The reaction CaSiO3 + CO2 = CaCO3 + SiO2 is a model reaction for silicate weathering and carbonation that has not been characterized in the field until now (outside of controlled experiments). Cemented samples from the Lewis and Fox Knoll mines contain up to 3% and 6% calcite, respectively, and contain modern 14C. Carbon isotope ratios have an organic signature at both mines but more strongly at Lewis (δ13C from –9‰ to –29‰ VPDB), which, along with observed filamentous biofilms, supports a microbial role in mineralization.
Differences are seen between wollastonite weathering in these mines vs. wollastonite weathering in lab experiments and field studies of carbonate formation in other rock types. Grains surrounded by reaction products reach complete dissolution here, indicating that passivation by jacketing is not important at the field sites. Also, dissolved ions do not all form in situ reaction products, suggesting that solutes are leaving the system. A key finding of this study is the strong organic δ13C signature of calcite cements at the Lewis mine, which also show higher calcite content per years of exposure compared to cements at the Fox Knoll mine. Although microbial fractionation complicates isotopic assessment of atmospheric CO2 sequestration, our findings suggest sequestration rates are enhanced by geomicrobiological activity.
Different structural behavior of MgSiO3 and CaSiO3 glasses at high pressures
Authors: Kondo Nozomi M. , Kono Yoshio , Ohira Itaru , Hrubiak Rostislav , Ohara Koji , Nitta Kiyofumi , Sekizawa Oki 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Knowledge of the structural behavior of silicate melts and/or glasses at high pressures provides fundamental information for discussing the nature and properties of silicate magmas in the Earth’s interior. The behavior of Si-O structures under high-pressure conditions has been widely studied, while the effect of cation atoms on the high-pressure structural behavior of silicate melts or glasses has not been well investigated. In this study, we investigated the structures of MgSiO3 and CaSiO3 glasses up to 5.4 GPa by in situ X-ray pair distribution function measurements to understand the effect of different cations (Mg2+ and Ca2+) on high-pressure structural behavior of silicate glasses. We found that the structural behavior of MgSiO3 and CaSiO3 glasses are different at high pressures. The structure of MgSiO3 glass changes by shrinking of Si-O-Si angle with increasing pressures, which is consistent with previous studies for SiO2 and MgSiO3 glasses. On the other hand, CaSiO3 glass shows almost no change in Si-Si distance at high pressures, while the intensities of two peaks at ~3.0 and ~3.5 Å change with increasing pressure. The structural change in CaSiO3 glass at high pressure is interpreted as the change in the fraction of the edge-shared and corner-shared CaO6-SiO4 structures. The different high-pressure structural behavior observed in MgSiO3 and CaSiO3 glasses may be the origin of differences in properties, such as viscosity between MgSiO3 and CaSiO3 melts at high pressures. This signifies the importance of different structural behaviors due to different cations in investigations of the nature and properties of silicate magmas in Earth’s interior.
Optimal decision-making in the water, land and food nexus using artificial intelligence and extreme machine learning
Authors: Shao Wei , Ding Yihang , Wen Jinghao , Zhu Pengxu , Ou Lisong 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

The development of decision-making systems based on artificial intelligence can lead to achieving optimal solutions water-land-food nexus. In this paper, an extreme learning machine model was developed with the objective function of wheat production maximization. The constraints defined for this problem are divided into three categories: technical parameters of production in agriculture, climatic stress on water resources and land limits. The water, land and food nexus was simulated using 23 experimental farms in Henan province during the 2021–2022 cultivation year. Root-mean-square error was used as an error criterion, and Pearson's coefficient was incorporated into the decision-making system as a correlation index of variables. Harvest index, length of the growth period, cultivation costs and irrigation water were the criteria to evaluate the impact of the sustainable model. The harvest index and the length of the growth period showed the highest and lowest correlation with the production rate, respectively. Furthermore, the optimal management of irrigation water and cost had the most significant impact on increasing crop production. The method proposed in this paper can be a virtual cropping model by changing the area under cultivation of a crop in the different farms of a study area, which increases yield production.
An overview of biogenic metallic nanoparticles for water treatment and purification: the state of the art
Authors: Azeez Luqmon , Lateef Agbaje , Olabode Olalekan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

The environment is fundamental to human existence, and protecting it from dangerous contaminants should be a top priority for all stakeholders. Reducing garbage output has helped, but as the world's population grows, more waste will be generated. Tons of waste inadvertently and advertently received by environmental matrixes adversely affect the sustainable environment. The pollution caused by these activities affects the environment and human health. Conventional remediation processes ranging from chemical, physical, and biological procedures use macroaggregated materials and microorganisms to degrade or remove pollutants. Undesirable limitations of expensiveness, disposal challenges, maintenance, and formation of secondary contaminants abound. Additionally, multiple stages of treatments to remove different contaminants are time-consuming. The need to avoid these limitations and shift towards sustainable approaches brought up nanotechnology options. Currently, nanomaterials are being used for environmental rejuvenation that involves the total degradation of pollutants without secondary pollution. As nanoparticles are primed with vast and modifiable reactive sites for adsorption, photocatalysis, and disinfection, they are more useful in remediating pollutants. Review articles on metallic nanoparticles usually focus on chemically synthesized ones, with a particular focus on their adsorption capacity and toxicities. Therefore, this review evaluates the current status of biogenic metallic nanoparticles for water treatment and purification.
Analysis of the impact of the Xiaolangdi Reservoir on the runoff of the Yellow River downstream based on CEEMDAN-multiscale information entropy
Authors: Zhang Xianqi , Qiao Wenbao , Huang Jiafeng , Shi Jingwen , Zhang Minghui 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Water resources are vital to the development of human society, and mastering the law of runoff changes is the basis for achieving sustainable use of water resources. To study the impact of reservoir construction on the changes of downstream river runoff, this paper decomposes the runoff before and after reservoir construction using the CEEMDAN method based on the runoff data from the Huayuankou hydrological station. The fluctuation characteristics of each decomposition series of runoff before and after reservoir construction and the intra-annual variation pattern of runoff are also analyzed by combining multi-time information entropy and coefficient of variation. The results show that after the operation of the Xiaolangdi Reservoir, the annual runoff variation cycle tends to be flat, and the monthly runoff cycle is significantly reduced. After reservoir construction, the entropy values of each IMF and Res of runoff become larger, the complexity and randomness of runoff changes increase, and predictability decreases. Before and after the operation of the Xiaolangdi Reservoir, the coefficient of variation of runoff were 0.28–1 and 0.38–0.83, the distribution of runoff was more uniform, and the percentage of runoff in the flood season was reduced from 51.51 to 39.89%.