bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nitrogen fertilizer and tillage intensity affected winter wheat macronutrient uptake and utilization efficiencies
Authors: Obour Augustine K. , Holman Johnathon D. , Simon Logan M. , Assefa Yared 
Published: February 2023

AbstractApplication of N fertilizer and no‐tillage (NT) can increase winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L) production through improvements in plant available soil water and nutrient availability. However, long‐term tillage and N management interaction effects on winter wheat nutrient uptake are not well known. The objective of this study was to quantify winter wheat grain yield, macronutrient removal, and utilization responses to N fertilizer application and tillage intensity. The study was conducted in 2019 and 2020 at Hays, Kansas after 45 years of tillage and N fertility experiment. Treatments were a combination of two tillage practices (CT, conventional tillage; NT) and four rates of N (0, 45, 90, and 134 kg ha−1). Results showed a significant tillage and N fertilizer interaction effect on wheat grain yield, nutrient removal (NR) (grain‐N, ‐P, ‐K, ‐Mg; stover‐K, and total P), and nutrient concentration (stover‐K and ‐S). Two different quadratic models fit the N rate‐to‐yield relation for CT and NT with yields of 4.3 and 5.2 Mg ha−1 at agronomic optimal N rates of 119 and 199 kg N ha−1, respectively. This suggests that the N rates were not high enough to predict optimum N rate for NT in this environment. With an average yield of 3.30 Mg ha−1, wheat removed about 113 kg N ha−1, 17 kg P ha−1, 56 kg K ha−1, 7 kg Ca ha−1, 8 kg Mg ha−1, and 8 kg S ha−1, irrespective of tillage practice. Grain yields and NR were greater for CT at smaller N rates (<90 kg N ha−1) and for NT at greater N rates (>90 kg ha−1). Findings of the study suggest that adequate N fertility (>90 kg ha−1) should be maintained to improve grain yield, nutrient uptake, and utilization efficiency in dryland NT wheat production systems.
Lichen ecophysiology in a changing climate
Authors: Stanton Daniel E. , Ormond Amaris , Koch Natalia M. , Colesie Claudia 
Published: February 2023

AbstractLichens are one of the most iconic and ubiquitous symbioses known, widely valued as indicators of environmental quality and, more recently, climate change. Our understanding of lichen responses to climate has greatly expanded in recent decades, but some biases and constraints have shaped our present knowledge. In this review we focus on lichen ecophysiology as a key to predicting responses to present and future climates, highlighting recent advances and remaining challenges. Lichen ecophysiology is best understood through complementary whole‐thallus and within‐thallus scales. Water content and form (vapor or liquid) are central to whole‐thallus perspectives, making vapor pressure differential (VPD) a particularly informative environmental driver. Responses to water content are further modulated by photobiont physiology and whole‐thallus phenotype, providing clear links to a functional trait framework. However, this thallus‐level perspective is incomplete without also considering within‐thallus dynamics, such as changing proportions or even identities of symbionts in response to climate, nutrients, and other stressors. These changes provide pathways for acclimation, but their understanding is currently limited by large gaps in our understanding of carbon allocation and symbiont turnover in lichens. Lastly, the study of lichen physiology has mainly prioritized larger lichens at high latitudes, producing valuable insights but underrepresenting the range of lichenized lineages and ecologies. Key areas for future work include improving geographic and phylogenetic coverage, greater emphasis on VPD as a climatic factor, advances in the study of carbon allocation and symbiont turnover, and the incorporation of physiological theory and functional traits in our predictive models.
Evolutionary origins of the eastern North American–Mesoamerican floristic disjunction: Current status and future prospects
Authors: Stull Gregory W. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBiogeographic disjunction patterns, where multiple taxa are shared between isolated geographic areas, represent excellent systems for investigating the historical assembly of modern biotas and fundamental biological processes such as speciation, diversification, niche evolution, and evolutionary responses to climate change. Studies on plant genera disjunct across the northern hemisphere, particularly between eastern North America (ENA) and eastern Asia (EAS), have yielded tremendous insight on the geologic history and assembly of rich temperate floras. However, one of the most prevalent disjunction patterns involving ENA forests has been largely overlooked: that of taxa disjunct between ENA and cloud forests of Mesoamerica (MAM), with examples including Acer saccharum, Liquidambar styraciflua, Cercis canadensis, Fagus grandifolia, and Epifagus virginiana. Despite the remarkable nature of this disjunction pattern, which has been recognized for over 75 years, there have been few recent efforts to empirically examine its evolutionary and ecological origins. Here I synthesize previous systematic, paleobotanical, phylogenetic, and phylogeographic studies to establish what is known about this disjunction pattern to provide a roadmap for future research. I argue that this disjunction pattern, and the evolution and fossil record of the Mexican flora more broadly, represents a key missing piece in the broader puzzle of northern hemisphere biogeography. I also suggest that the ENA–MAM disjunction represents an excellent system for examining fundamental questions about how traits and life history strategies mediate plant evolutionary responses to climate change and for predicting how broadleaf temperate forests will respond to the ongoing climatic pressures of the Anthropocene.
Study of neuropathological changes and dementia in 100 centenarians in The 90+ Study
Authors: Neuville Raumin S. , Biswas Roshni , Ho Chu‐Ching , Bukhari Syed , Sajjadi Seyed Ahmad , Paganini‐Hill Annlia , Montine Thomas J. , Corrada María M. , Kawas Claudia H. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONThe association between neuropathological changes and dementia among centenarians and nonagenarians remains unclear.METHODSWe examined brain tissue from 100 centenarians and 297 nonagenarians from The 90+ Study, a community‐based longitudinal study of aging. We determined the prevalence of 10 neuropathological changes and compared their associations with dementia and cognitive performance between centenarians and nonagenarians.RESULTSA total of 59% of centenarians and 47% of nonagenarians had at least four neuropathological changes. In centenarians, neuropathological changes were associated with higher odds of dementia and, compared to nonagenarians, the odds were not attenuated. For each additional neuropathological change, the Mini‐Mental State Examination score was lower by 2 points for both groups.DISCUSSIONNeuropathological changes continue to be strongly related to dementia in centenarians, highlighting the importance of slowing or preventing the development of multiple neuropathological changes in the aging brain to maintain cognitive health.Highlights
Individual and multiple neuropathological changes are frequent in centenarians.
These neuropathological changes are strongly associated with dementia.
There is no attenuation of this association with age.
Development of RPA‐Cas12a‐fluorescence assay for rapid and reliable detection of human bocavirus 1
Authors: Qian Weidong , Wang Xuefei , Wang Ting , Huang Jie , Zhang Qian , Li Yongdong , Chen Si 
Published: February 2023

AbstractHuman bocavirus (HBoV) 1 is considered an important pathogen that mainly affects infants aged 6–24 months, but preventing viral transmission in resource‐limited regions through rapid and affordable on‐site diagnosis of individuals with early infection of HBoV1 remains somewhat challenging. Herein, we present a novel faster, lower cost, reliable method for the detection of HBoV1, which integrates a recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) assay with the CRISPR/Cas12a system, designated the RPA‐Cas12a‐fluorescence assay. The RPA‐Cas12a‐fluorescence system can specifically detect target gene levels as low as 0.5 copies of HBoV1 plasmid DNA per microliter within 40 min at 37°C without the need for sophisticated instruments. The method also demonstrates excellent specificity without cross‐reactivity to non‐target pathogens. Furthermore, the method was appraised using 28 clinical samples, and displayed high accuracy with positive and negative predictive agreement of 90.9% and 100%, respectively. Therefore, our proposed rapid and sensitive HBoV1 detection method, the RPA‐Cas12a‐fluorescence assay, shows promising potential for early on‐site diagnosis of HBoV1 infection in the fields of public health and health care. The established RPA‐Cas12a‐fluorescence assay is rapid and reliable method for human bocavirus 1 detection. The RPA‐Cas12a‐fluorescence assay can be completed within 40 min with robust specificity and sensitivity of 0.5 copies/μl.
Enhanced Carbon Monoxide Electroreduction to >1 A cm−2 C2+ Products Using Copper Catalysts Dispersed on MgAl Layered Double Hydroxide Nanosheet House‐of‐Cards Scaffolds
Authors: Kwon Sunglun , Zhang Jie , Ganganahalli Ramesha , Verma Sumit , Yeo Boon Siang 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCu catalysts are most apt for reducing CO(2) to multi‐carbon products in aqueous electrolytes. To enhance the product yield, we can increase the overpotential and the catalyst mass loading. However, these approaches can cause inadequate mass transport of CO(2) to the catalytic sites, which will then lead to H2 evolution dominating the product selectivity. Herein, we use a MgAl LDH nanosheet ‘house‐of‐cards’ scaffold to disperse CuO‐derived Cu (OD‐Cu). With this support‐catalyst design, at −0.7 VRHE, CO could be reduced to C2+ products with a current density (jC2+) of −1251 mA cm−2. This is 14× that of the jC2+ shown by unsupported OD‐Cu. The current densities of C2+ alcohols and C2H4 were also high at −369 and −816 mA cm−2 respectively. We propose that the porosity of the LDH nanosheet scaffold enhances CO diffusion through the Cu sites. The CO reduction rate can thus be increased, while minimizing H2 evolution, even when high catalyst loadings and large overpotentials are used.
A new Wiener process with bathtub‐shaped degradation rate in the presence of random effects
Authors: Giorgio Massimiliano , Piscopo Antonio , Pulcini Gianpaolo 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis paper proposes a new time scaled Wiener process with random effects that has been specially designed to allow the description of non‐monotonic degradation phenomena with bathtub shaped degradation rate, here intended as derivative of the mean function. Two different parameterizations of the proposed Wiener process are suggested, and the main features of the process are illustrated and discussed. The maximum likelihood estimation of its parameters is addressed. A failure threshold model is adopted to formulate and estimate the probability distribution function of the remaining useful life, which constitutes the core prognostic tool in condition‐based maintenance. As a motivating example, the proposed model is applied to a set of real degradation data of metal‐oxide‐semiconductor field‐effect transistors, where, as a result of preliminary analyses, some of the process parameters are assumed to be random in order to describe the considerable heterogeneity observed between the degradation paths of different units. Obtained results demonstrate the affordability and utility of the proposed model, especially for the estimation of unit‐specific features performed on the basis of degradation data collected in the early phase of the life of a unit belonging to the considered heterogeneous population.
The fundamental plane of black hole activity for strong radio black hole sources
Authors: Dong Ai‐Jun , Du Bo‐Wen , Liu Chang , Zhi Qi‐Jun , Liu Xiang , Feng Jian‐Chao , Xie Wei 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIt is still controversial whether the x‐ray emissions of strong radio black hole sources (e.g., blazars and FR Is) are from a jet‐dominated flow or from an accretion disc. Previous studies have suggested that the radio–x‐ray correlation is clearly different when the x‐ray luminosity is higher or lower than a critical value, , where is the Eddington luminosity. When the black hole transient sources stay in quiescent state (), the radio–x‐ray correlation presented a steeper slope (). In this work, we constructed a strong radio sample, including blazars and FR Is with a wide x‐ray luminosity distribution () to re‐explore this issue. An obvious change in radio–x‐ray correlations is not found when the x‐ray luminosity and . And the radio–x‐ray correlation and the fundamental plane of black hole activity for strong radio sources follow a slope with . These results imply x‐ray emissions of strong radio black hole sources have similar physics and can be well explained by a jet‐dominated flow.
Biomaterials and tissue engineering strategies for posterior lamellar eyelid reconstruction: Replacement or regeneration?
Authors: Yan Yuxin , Ji Qiumei , Fu Rao , Liu Chuanqi , Yang Jing , Yin Xiya , Li Qingfeng , Huang Ru‐Lin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractReconstruction of posterior lamellar eyelids remains challenging due to their delicate structure, highly specialized function, and cosmetic concerns. Current clinically available techniques for posterior lamellar reconstruction mainly focus on reconstructing the contour of the eyelids. However, the posterior lamella not only provides structural support for the eyelid but also offers a smooth mucosal surface to facilitate globe movement and secrete lipids to maintain ocular surface homeostasis. Bioengineered posterior lamellar substitutes developed via acellular or cellular approaches have shown promise as alternatives to current therapies and encouraging outcomes in animal studies and clinical conditions. Here, we provide a brief reference on the current application of autografts, biomaterials, and tissue‐engineered substitutes for posterior lamellar eyelid reconstruction. We also shed light on future challenges and directions for eyelid regeneration strategies and offer perspectives on transitioning replacement strategies to regeneration strategies for eyelid reconstruction in the future.
Morphology, Solid Structure and Antioxidant Activity in Vitro of Angelica sinensis Polysaccharide‐Ce(IV)
Authors: Li Kaiwen , Wang Jie , Huang Zizhen , Tan Chunxia 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAngelica Sinensis polysaccharide cerium (ASP−Ce) was prepared by Angelica Sinensis polysaccharide (ASP) and cerium ammonium nitrate (NH4)2Ce(NO3)6. and its morphology, and solid structure was investigated. The antioxidant activity of the ASP−Ce complex in vitro was evaluated. The antioxidant activity of ASP−Ce complex in vitro was evaluated by the scavenging activity of 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhyrazyl radical (DPPH), hydroxyl radical (⋅OH) and superoxide anion radical (
⋅). The results showed that the ASP−Ce had the more ordered structure for inserting the Ce4+ into the polymer chain of ASP and there was little change in the conformation of the polysaccharide from Ce4+. Three free radical scavenging experiments proved that ASP−Ce had better antioxidant capacity than of ASP, especially on DPPH, and then on
⋅. The scavenging rate of ASP−Ce at 1.0 mg/mL on DPPH reached 71.6 %. Therefore, these results provide references for the further development and utilization of rare earth‐polysaccharide.
Rare congenital Dyserythropoietic anemia of childhood: A case report
Authors: Al Hussien Hamzeh F. , Al‐Ekeer Basil N. , Serhan Hashem Abu , Haddadin Issam , Nashwan Abdulqadir J. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCongenital dyserythropoietic anemias (CDA) is a heterogeneous class of anemia of varying degrees of ineffective erythropoiesis and secondary hemochromatosis. We reported a case of CDA and showed our approach to reaching a diagnosis, highlighting the importance of the typical morphological appearance of bone marrow erythroblasts to reach the diagnosis.
Optimal Strategies of Mitigation Options for NOx Emissions in the Power Generation Industry
Authors: Alsebaeai Mohammed Karama , Ba-Shammakh Mohammed S. , Ahmad Abdul Latif , Al-shanini Ali 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe power generation sector is considered one of the major contributors to nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions which have serious impacts on air quality. An optimization model is developed to help decision‐makers determine the best strategy or mix of strategies for the electricity sector to meet a given NOx reduction target and electricity demand at a minimum cost. The model recommended the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) technology to be applied at higher NOx emissions and the reduction reached up to 80 %. This potential option provides promising prospects for NOx emissions control, which is in line with the economic demand for sustainable energy and environmentally friendly technologies.
Gold Nanoparticles‐Titania Heterojunction: Photoelectrochemical Detection of Ciprofloxacin
Authors: Fumagalli Daniele , Comis Silvia , Pifferi Valentina , Falciola Luigi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA photoelectrochemical sensor composed of a heterojunction between titanium dioxide and gold nanoparticles was fabricated and used for the determination of ciprofloxacin, a widely used, but environmentally toxic third‐generation antibiotic. This material has been extensively characterized from the morphological, electrochemical and photoelectrochemical points of view, comparing it with the respective counterparts. It has been demonstrated that only the presence of the heterojunction allows the detection of ciprofloxacin, thanks to the properties of gold nanoparticles combined with those of titanium dioxide. These increased performances have allowed the detection of the analyte even with low power sources and wavelengths in the visible region, obtaining good detection limits and excellent resistance to possible interferents. Thanks to this, the future implementation of these sensors in integrated circuits for online and onsite analysis is foreseen.
Synthesis and Properties of Diphenylbenzo[j]naphtho[2,1,8‐def][2,7]phenanthrolines
Authors: Spruner von Mertz Franziska , Molenda Ricardo , Boldt Sebastian , Villinger Alexander , Ehlers Peter , Langer Peter 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA series of hitherto unknown 5,14‐diphenylbenzo[j]naphtho[2,1,8‐def][2,7]phenanthrolines, containing a 5‐azatetracene and a 2‐azapyrene subunit, were prepared by combination of Pd‐catalyzed cross‐coupling reactions with a one‐pot Povarov/cycloisomerization reaction. In the final key step four new bonds are formed in one step. The synthetic approach allows for a high degree of diversification of the heterocyclic core structure. The optical and electrochemical properties were studied experimentally and by DFT/TD‐DFT and NICS calculations. Due to the presence of the 2‐azapyrene subunit, the typical electronic nature and characteristics of the 5‐azatetracene moiety are lost and the compounds are electronically and optically more related to 2‐azapyrenes.
Claudin18.2 expression and clinicopathological features in cytology effusion specimens from gastric adenocarcinoma: A comparative study with tissue specimens
Authors: Dai Jiao , Zheng Heng , Jin Ju , Cheng Ye , Xu Haimiao 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundZolbetuximab (IMAB362) is under investigation for treating advanced gastrointestinal tumors because it targets Claudin18.2 (CLDN18.2). CLDN18.2 is a promising molecule along with the presence of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 in gastric cancer. This study evaluated cell block (CB) preparations of serous cavity effusions for the feasibility for CLDN18.2 protein expression and compared the results with those of biopsy or resection specimens. The association of CLDN18.2 expression in effusion samples and the clinicopathological features were also investigated.MethodsCytological effusion specimens and matched surgical pathology biopsy or resection specimens of 43 gastric and gastroesophageal junctional cancer cases were stained for CLDN18.2 expression and quantified using immunohistochemistry based on the manufacturer's instructions.ResultsPositive staining was detected in 34 (79.1%) tissue and 27 (62.8%) effusion CB samples in this study. When “positivity” was defined as moderate‐to‐strong staining in ≥40% viable tumor cells, CLDN18.2 expression was observed in 24 (55.8%) tissue and 22 (51.2%) effusion CB samples. A cutoff of 40% for CLDN18.2 positivity was used to demonstrate high concordance (83.7%) between cytology CB and tissue specimens. The results showed that CLDN18.2 expression in effusion specimens correlated with tumor size (p = .021) but not with sex, age at diagnosis, primary tumor location, staging, Lauren phenotype, cytomorphologic features, or Epstein‐Barr virus infection. Cytological effusions with or without CLDN18.2 expression did not significantly affect overall survival.ConclusionsThis study's results show that serous body cavity effusions may be suitable for CLDN18.2 biomarker testing; however, discordant cases should be interpreted cautiously.
Modulating the Catalytic Properties of Bimetallic Atomic Catalysts: Role of Dangling Bonds and Charging
Authors: Guan Xin , Song Erhong , Gao Wang 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBimetallic atomic catalysts (BACs) exhibit great potential in CO2electroreduction. However, modulation and improvement of their catalytic performance are still challenging. To address these issues, an intrinsic descriptorψbased on the valence properties of active centers was used. The role of the dangling bonds and charging in modulating the catalytic properties of BACs called M1M2−N6−G (M1=Ru and Fe) was studied. It was shown that linear relationships between the adsorption energy of the C‐species are broken under the effect of the dangling bonds and that they are restored with charging. However, charging has minor effects on the adsorption of the O‐species. These findings enable screening promising BACs for CH3OH production. This research provides effective schemes for modulating the properties of catalysts, which is beneficial to enriching high‐performance catalysts for various reactions.
Multiplierless low‐cost implementation of Hindmarsh–Rose neuron model in case of large‐scale realization
Authors: Haghiri Saeed , Yahya Salah I. , Rezaei Abbas , Ahmadi Arash 
Published: February 2023

SummaryImplementation of neural networks in case of hardware helps us to understand the different parts of the human brain operation, using artificial intelligence (AI). This paper presents a new model of the Hindmarsh–Rose (HR) Neuron that is based on basic polynomial functions called Nyquist‐look up table‐Hindmarsh–Rose (N‐LUT‐HR) based on an accurate sampling of the original model. The proposed approach is investigated in terms of its digital realization feasibility. According to high matching between the original and proposed terms, it is showed that the new modified model can follow all spiking patterns of primary model with low‐error computations. In hardware case, the proposed and original models are implemented on Xilinx FPGA XC2VP30 chip to validate different aspects of the simulation results. Hardware results demonstrate that our model regenerates the desired patterns in low‐cost and high‐frequency (speed‐up) in comparison with the other similar works. Overall saving in FPGA resources show that this new model is capable of being used in large‐scale networks in case of minimum required resources (FPGA costs). In addition, the analysis of hardware indicates that the new circuits can work in a maximum frequency of 123 MHz with 98.25% saving in FPGA costs (resources utilization of FPGA).