bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evidence-based Recovery Colleges: developing a typology based on organisational characteristics, fidelity and funding
Authors: Hayes Daniel , Camacho Elizabeth M. , Ronaldson Amy , Stepanian Katy , McPhilbin Merly , Elliott Rachel A. , Repper Julie , Bishop Simon , Stergiopoulos Vicky , Brophy Lisa , Giles Kirsty , Trickett Sarah , Lawrence Stella , Winship Gary , Meddings Sara , Bakolis Ioannis , Henderson Claire , Slade Mike 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Recovery Colleges (RCs) have been implemented across England with wide variation in organisational characteristics. The purpose of this study is to describe RCs across England in terms of organisational and student characteristics, fidelity and annual spending, to generate a RC typology based on characteristics and to explore the relationship between characteristics and fidelity.

Methods
All RC in England meeting criteria on recovery orientation, coproduction and adult learning were included. Managers completed a survey capturing characteristics, fidelity and budget. Hierarchical cluster analysis was conducted to identify common groupings and generate an RC typology.

Results
Participants comprised 63 (72%) of 88 RC in England. Fidelity scores were high (median 11, IQR 9–13). Both NHS and strengths-focussed RCs were associated with higher fidelity. The median annual budget was £200,000 (IQR £127,000–£300,000) per RC. The median cost per student was £518 (IQR £275–£840), cost per course designed was £5,556 (IQR £3,000–£9,416) and per course run was £1,510 (IQR £682–£3,030). The total annual budget across England for RCs is an estimated £17.6 m including £13.4 m from NHS budgets, with 11,000 courses delivered to 45,500 students.

Conclusion
Although the majority of RCs had high levels of fidelity, there were sufficiently pronounced differences in other key characteristics to generate a typology of RCs. This typology might prove important for understanding student outcomes and how they are achieved and for commissioning decisions. Staffing and co-producing new courses are key drivers of spending. The estimated budget for RCs was less than 1% of NHS mental health spending.
PBTK modeling of the pyrrolizidine alkaloid retrorsine to predict liver toxicity in mouse and rat
Authors: Lehmann Anja , Geburek Ina , These Anja , Hessel-Pras Stefanie , Hengstler Jan G. , Albrecht Wiebke , Mielke Hans , Müller-Graf Christine , Yang Xiaojing , Kloft Charlotte , Hethey Christoph 
Published: March 2023

AbstractRetrorsine is a hepatotoxic pyrrolizidine alkaloid (PA) found in herbal supplements and medicines, food and livestock feed. Dose-response studies enabling the derivation of a point of departure including a benchmark dose for risk assessment of retrorsine in humans and animals are not available. Addressing this need, a physiologically based toxicokinetic (PBTK) model of retrorsine was developed for mouse and rat. Comprehensive characterization of retrorsine toxicokinetics revealed: both the fraction absorbed from the intestine (78%) and the fraction unbound in plasma (60%) are high, hepatic membrane permeation is dominated by active uptake and not by passive diffusion, liver metabolic clearance is 4-fold higher in rat compared to mouse and renal excretion contributes to 20% of the total clearance. The PBTK model was calibrated with kinetic data from available mouse and rat studies using maximum likelihood estimation. PBTK model evaluation showed convincing goodness-of-fit for hepatic retrorsine and retrorsine-derived DNA adducts. Furthermore, the developed model allowed to translate in vitro liver toxicity data of retrorsine to in vivo dose-response data. Resulting benchmark dose confidence intervals (mg/kg bodyweight) are 24.1–88.5 in mice and 79.9–104 in rats for acute liver toxicity after oral retrorsine intake. As the PBTK model was built to enable extrapolation to different species and other PA congeners, this integrative framework constitutes a flexible tool to address gaps in the risk assessment of PA.
PSMA-PET/CT-guided salvage radiotherapy in recurrent or persistent prostate cancer and PSA < 0.2 ng/ml
Authors: Solomonidou Nantia , Germanou Daphnie , Strouthos Iosif , Karagiannis Efstratios , Farolfi Andrea , Koerber Stefan A. , Debus Juergen , Peeken Jan C. , Vogel Marco E. , Vrachimis Alexis , Spohn Simon K. B. , Shelan Mohamed , Aebersold Daniel , Grosu Anca-Ligia , Ceci Francesco , Kroeze Stephanie G. C. , Guckenberger Matthias , Fanti Stefano , Belka Claus , Hruby George , Scharl S. , Wiegel Thomas , Bartenstein Peter , Henkenberens Christoph , Emmett Louise , Schmidt-Hegemann Nina Sophie , Ferentinos Konstantinos , Zamboglou Constantinos 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this retrospective, multicenter study was to assess efficacy of PSMA-PET/CT-guided salvage radiotherapy (sRT) in patients with recurrent or persistent PSA after primary surgery and PSA levels < 0.2 ng/ml.

Methods
The study included patients from a pooled cohort (n = 1223) of 11 centers from 6 countries. Patients with PSA levels > 0.2 ng/ml prior to sRT or without sRT to the prostatic fossa were excluded. The primary study endpoint was biochemical recurrence-free survival (BRFS) and BR was defined as PSA nadir after sRT + 0.2 ng/ml. Cox regression analysis was performed to assess the impact of clinical parameters on BRFS. Recurrence patterns after sRT were analyzed.

Results
The final cohort consisted of 273 patients; 78/273 (28.6%) and 48/273 (17.6%) patients had local or nodal recurrence on PET/CT. The most frequently applied sRT dose to the prostatic fossa was 66–70 Gy (n = 143/273, 52.4%). SRT to pelvic lymphatics was delivered in 87/273 (31.9%) patients and androgen deprivation therapy was given to 36/273 (13.2%) patients. After a median follow-up time of 31.1 months (IQR: 20–44), 60/273 (22%) patients had biochemical recurrence. The 2- and 3-year BRFS was 90.1% and 79.2%, respectively. The presence of seminal vesicle invasion in surgery (p = 0.019) and local recurrences in PET/CT (p = 0.039) had a significant impact on BR in multivariate analysis. In 16 patients, information on recurrence patterns on PSMA-PET/CT after sRT was available and one had recurrent disease inside the RT field.

Conclusion
This multicenter analysis suggests that implementation of PSMA-PET/CT imaging for sRT guidance might be of benefit for patients with very low PSA levels after surgery due to promising BRFS rates and a low number of relapses within the sRT field.
Sexual dimorphism in dynamic body color in the green anole lizard
Authors: Horr Daisy M. , Payne Amy A. , McEntire Kira D. , Johnson Michele A. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Animals capable of rapid (i.e., physiological) body color change may use color to respond quickly to changing social or physical environments. Because males and females often differ in their environments, the sexes may use changes in body color differently, reflecting sexual dimorphism in ecological, behavioral, or morphological traits. Green anole lizards, Anolis carolinensis, frequently switch their dorsal body color between bright green and dark brown, a change that requires only seconds, but little is known regarding sexual dimorphism in their color change. We tested three hypotheses for the function of body color (thermoregulation, camouflage via background-matching, and social communication) to determine the ecological role(s) of physiological color change in anoles. First, we examined instantaneous body color to determine relationships between body color and body temperature, substrate color and type, and whether these varied between the sexes. Next, we examined the association between color change and behavioral displays. Altogether, we found that males were more likely to be green than females, and larger lizards were more often green than smaller ones, but there was no evidence that anole body color was associated with body temperature or background color during the summer breeding season. Instead, our results show that although the sexes change their color at approximately the same rates, males changed color more frequently during social displays, while females remained green when displaying. In sum, social communication appears to be the primary function of anole color change, although the functions of body color may differ in the nonbreeding season.

Significance statement
Many animals can change their body color in response to their environments, and in many species, males and females experience different environments. In this study, we examined whether the sexes of green anole lizards use the ability to rapidly change their body color between green and brown for different functions. We found that, when a lizard was first sighted, its body color did not appear to match its background color in either sex (suggesting that color change does not contribute to avoidance of detection by potential predators), and body color was not associated with temperature for either sex (i.e., color was unlikely to influence body temperature). Yet, males changed color more often when performing social displays to other lizards, while females remained green during social displays. Thus, rapid color change plays an important role in social communication in both sexes, highlighting how males and females may use the same behavior to convey different messages.
Transformer-based structuring of free-text radiology report databases
Authors: Nowak S. , Biesner D. , Layer Y. C. , Theis M. , Schneider H. , Block W. , Wulff B. , Attenberger U. I. , Sifa R. , Sprinkart A. M. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Objectives
To provide insights for on-site development of transformer-based structuring of free-text report databases by investigating different labeling and pre-training strategies.

Methods
A total of 93,368 German chest X-ray reports from 20,912 intensive care unit (ICU) patients were included. Two labeling strategies were investigated to tag six findings of the attending radiologist. First, a system based on human-defined rules was applied for annotation of all reports (termed “silver labels”). Second, 18,000 reports were manually annotated in 197 h (termed “gold labels”) of which 10% were used for testing. An on-site pre-trained model (Tmlm) using masked-language modeling (MLM) was compared to a public, medically pre-trained model (Tmed). Both models were fine-tuned on silver labels only, gold labels only, and first with silver and then gold labels (hybrid training) for text classification, using varying numbers (N: 500, 1000, 2000, 3500, 7000, 14,580) of gold labels. Macro-averaged F1-scores (MAF1) in percent were calculated with 95% confidence intervals (CI).

Results
Tmlm,gold (95.5 [94.5–96.3]) showed significantly higher MAF1 than Tmed,silver (75.0 [73.4–76.5]) and Tmlm,silver (75.2 [73.6–76.7]), but not significantly higher MAF1 than Tmed,gold (94.7 [93.6–95.6]), Tmed,hybrid (94.9 [93.9–95.8]), and Tmlm,hybrid (95.2 [94.3–96.0]). When using 7000 or less gold-labeled reports, Tmlm,gold (N: 7000, 94.7 [93.5–95.7]) showed significantly higher MAF1 than Tmed,gold (N: 7000, 91.5 [90.0–92.8]). With at least 2000 gold-labeled reports, utilizing silver labels did not lead to significant improvement of Tmlm,hybrid (N: 2000, 91.8 [90.4–93.2]) over Tmlm,gold (N: 2000, 91.4 [89.9–92.8]).

Conclusions
Custom pre-training of transformers and fine-tuning on manual annotations promises to be an efficient strategy to unlock report databases for data-driven medicine.

Key Points
• On-site development of natural language processing methods that retrospectively unlock free-text databases of radiology clinics for data-driven medicine is of great interest.
• For clinics seeking to develop methods on-site for retrospective structuring of a report database of a certain department, it remains unclear which of previously proposed strategies for labeling reports and pre-training models is the most appropriate in context of, e.g., available annotator time.
• Using a custom pre-trained transformer model, along with a little annotation effort, promises to be an efficient way to retrospectively structure radiological databases, even if not millions of reports are available for pre-training.
The association between adherence to a plant-based diet and cognitive ageing
Authors: van Soest Annick P. M. , van de Rest Ondine , Witkamp Renger F. , van der Velde Nathalie , de Groot Lisette C. P. G. M. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
While the benefits of adopting a more plant-based diet for sustainability and animal welfare are clear, its long-term health impacts, including the impact on cognitive ageing, are limited studied. Therefore, we investigated the associations between plant-based diet adherence and cognitive ageing.

Methods
Data from a previous intervention study involving community-dwelling adults aged ≥ 65 years were analysed at baseline (n = 658) and after 2-year follow-up (n = 314). Global and domain-specific cognitive functioning were assessed at both timepoints. Overall, healthful and unhealthful plant-based dietary indices were calculated from a 190-item food frequency questionnaire. Multivariate-adjusted linear regression models were applied to test for associations.

Results
After full-adjustment, higher overall adherence to a plant-based diet was not associated with global cognitive function (difference in Z-score, tertile 1 versus 3 [95% CI]: 0.04 [− 0.05, 0.13] p = 0.40) or cognitive change (− 0.04 [− 0.11, 0.04], p = 0.35). Similarly, healthful and unhealthful plant-based diet indices were not associated with cognitive functioning (respectively p = 0.48; p = 0.87) or change (respectively p = 0.21, p = 0.33). Interestingly, we observed fish consumption to influence the association between plant-based diet adherence and cognitive functioning (p-interaction = 0.01), with only individuals with a fish consumption of ≥ 0.93 portion/week benefitting from better overall plant-based diet adherence (β per 10-point increment [95% CI]: 0.12 [0.03, 0.21] p = 0.01).

Conclusion
We did not demonstrate associations of a more plant-based diet with cognitive ageing. However, possibly such association exists in a subpopulation with higher fish intake. This would be in line with earlier observations that diets rich in plant foods and fish, such as the Mediterranean diet, may be beneficial for cognitive ageing.

Trial registration
Registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT00696514) on June 12, 2008.
A novel method for evaluating combined component anteversion in total hip arthroplasty on cross-table lateral hip radiographs
Authors: Dimitriou Dimitris , Zindel Christoph , Winkler Elin , Cornaz Frédéric , Mazel Peter , Zingg Patrick O. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Accurate measurement of combined component anteversion (CA) is important in evaluating the radiographic outcomes following total hip arthroplasty (THA). The aim of the present study was to evaluate the accuracy and reliability of a novel radiographic method in estimating CA in THA.

Materials and methods
The radiographs and computer tomography of patients who underwent a primary THA were retrospectively reviewed, to measure the radiographic CA (CAr), defined as the angle between a line connecting the center of the femoral head to the most anterior rim of the acetabular cup and a line connecting the center of the femoral head to the base of the femoral head to allow a comparison with the CA measured on the CT (CACT). Subsequently, a computational simulation was performed to evaluate the effect of cup anteversion, inclination, stem anteversion, and leg rotation on the CAr and develop a formula that would correct the CAr according to the acetabular cup inclination based on the best-fit equation.

Results
In the retrospective analysis of 154 THA, the average CAr_cor, and CACT were 53 ± 11° and 54 ± 11° (p > 0.05), respectively. A strong correlation was found between CAr and CACT (r = 0.96, p < 0.001), with an average bias of − 0.5° between CAr_cor and CACT. In the computational simulation, the CAr was strongly affected by the cup anteversion, inclination, stem anteversion, and leg rotation. The formula to convert the CAr to CA_cor was: CA-cor = 1.3*Car − (17* In (Cup Inclination) − 31.

Conclusion
The combined anteversion measurement of THA components on the lateral hip radiograph is accurate and reliable, implying that it could be routinely used postoperatively but also in patients with persistent complaints following a THA.

Level of evidence
Cross-sectional study, Level III.
Training spatial hearing in unilateral cochlear implant users through reaching to sounds in virtual reality
Authors: Valzolgher Chiara , Bouzaid Sabrina , Grenouillet Solene , Gatel Julie , Ratenet Laura , Murenu Francesca , Verdelet Grégoire , Salemme Romeo , Gaveau Valérie , Coudert Aurélie , Hermann Ruben , Truy Eric , Farnè Alessandro , Pavani Francesco 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background and Purpose
Use of unilateral cochlear implant (UCI) is associated with limited spatial hearing skills. Evidence that training these abilities in UCI user is possible remains limited. In this study, we assessed whether a Spatial training based on hand-reaching to sounds performed in virtual reality improves spatial hearing abilities in UCI users

Methods
Using a crossover randomized clinical trial, we compared the effects of a Spatial training protocol with those of a Non-Spatial control training. We tested 17 UCI users in a head-pointing to sound task and in an audio-visual attention orienting task, before and after each training. <br>Study is recorded in clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04183348).

Results
During the Spatial VR training, sound localization errors in azimuth decreased. Moreover, when comparing head-pointing to sounds before vs. after training, localization errors decreased after the Spatial more than the control training. No training effects emerged in the audio-visual attention orienting task.

Conclusions
Our results showed that sound localization in UCI users improves during a Spatial training, with benefits that extend also to a non-trained sound localization task (generalization). These findings have potentials for novel rehabilitation procedures in clinical contexts.
Multimodal sentiment system and method based on CRNN-SVM
Authors: Zhao Yuxia , Mamat Mahpirat , Aysa Alimjan , Ubul Kurban 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTraditional sentiment analysis focuses on text-level sentiment mining, transforming sentiment mining into classification or regression problems, resulting in a sentiment analysis low accuracy rate. Sentiment analysis refers to the use of natural language processing, text analysis, and computational linguistics to systematically identify, extract, quantify, and study sentimental states. Therefore, more scholars have begun to focus on speech recognition and facial expression recognition research, and extracting and analysing people’s sentiment tendencies can improve sentiment recognition accuracy. Traditional single-modal sentiment analysis can no longer meet people’s needs. Therefore, this paper proposes a multimodal sentiment analysis method based on the multimodal sentiment analysis method that can obtain more sentimental information sources and help people make better decisions. The experimental results in this paper show that the highest recognition rates of CNN-SVM, RNN-SVM, and CRNN-SVM were 76.8%, 71.2%, and 93.5%, respectively. It can be seen that CRNN-SVM has the highest sentiment tendency recognition rate in deep learning, so it is suitable to apply CRNN-SVM to sentiment tendency analysis system design in this paper. The average accuracy rate of the system designed in this paper was 91%, and the stability was also very strong, which shows that the system designed in this paper is meaningful. The main contribution of this paper is based on the limitations of single-mode emotion analysis. It proposes a multimode emotion analysis method and introduces a convolutional neural network to help people obtain more emotional information sources to meet their needs.
Privacy concerns in social media UGC communities: Understanding user behavior sentiments in complex networks
Authors: Saura Jose Ramon , Palacios-Marqués Daniel , Ribeiro-Soriano Domingo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn a digital ecosystem where large amounts of data related to user actions are generated every day, important concerns have emerged about the collection, management, and analysis of these data and, according, about user privacy. In recent years, users have been accustomed to organizing in and relying on digital communities to support and achieve their goals. In this context, the present study aims to identify the main privacy concerns in user communities on social media, and how these affect users’ online behavior. In order to better understand online communities in social networks, privacy concerns, and their connection to user behavior, we developed an innovative and original methodology that combines elements of machine learning as a technical contribution. First, a complex network visualization algorithm known as ForceAtlas2 was used through the open-source software Gephi to visually identify the nodes that form the main communities belonging to the sample of UGC collected from Twitter. Then, a sentiment analysis was applied with Textblob, an algorithm that works with machine learning on which experiments were developed with support vector classifier (SVC), multinomial naïve Bayes (MNB), logistic regression (LR), random forest, and classifier (RFC) under the theoretical frameworks of computer-aided text analysis (CATA) and natural language processing (NLP). As a result, a total of 11 user communities were identified: the positive protection software and cybersecurity and eCommerce, the negative privacy settings, personal information and social engineering, and the neutral privacy concerns, hacking, false information, impersonation and cookies data. The paper concludes with a discussion of the results and their relation to user behavior in digital environments and an outline valuable and practical insights into some techniques and challenges related to users’ personal data.
The European Commission and the “Europeanisation” of EU trade diplomacy: the case of EU-China relations, 1999–2021
Authors: van der Harst Jan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn recent times, the European Commission has shown to have increasing difficulty keeping up its central position in trade diplomacy towards China, in the face of a growing wariness and assertiveness of the member states. In this article, we observe a changing balance, a development from EU diplomacy towards European diplomacy, meaning a growing influence of EU member states in the process. We call this the “Europeanisation” of EU economic diplomacy. This is not limited to China and reflects a broader development, as is visible in the politicisation of the negotiation processes towards the (failed) Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) and the (provisionally applied) Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA) between the EU and Canada, and also in the trend towards mixed agreements that require member state ratification. However, it was particularly in the relations with China that such trends became visible for the first time and have continued to manifest themselves throughout the years. Apart from the member states assembled in the Council, also the European Parliament has strengthened its position in the process at the expense of the Commission.