bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of CeO2 NPs on stability of regenerated silk fibroin against UV‐aging
Authors: Jiang Lei , Wu Chengkun , Yao Lu , Dong Qiuxia , Wu Guohua 
Published: February 2023

AbstractRegenerated silk fibroin (RSF) fibers have great application prospects in medicine, textiles, optoelectronics, and other fields. However, under the synergistic action of ultraviolet, oxygen, and water, RSF will inevitably become brittle, which will greatly shorten the service life of RSF. Therefore, it is urgent to find some methods to protect RSF from aging damage. Cerium dioxide nanoparticles have a strong ultraviolet absorption and antioxidant capacity and have been used as an anti‐aging component for other biomaterials. Thus, the RSF/CeO2 NPs hybrid fibers were successfully prepared, and a series of artificial aging tests were carried out. Mechanical property is an important index to measure the aging degree. After aging, compared with RSF, the stress of RSF/CeO2 NPs hybrid fibers was increased by 130.47 ± 4.78 MPa, and the strain of RSF/CeO2 NPs hybrid fibers was increased by 69.89% ± 1.37%. The results of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV–Vis, sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis discussed the protective mechanism of CeO2 NPs, which prevent the transition from β‐sheet to α‐helix/random coil and the disorder of structure. Furthermore, RSF/CeO2 NPs hybrid fibers have an excellent antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria; the antioxidant activity of RSF/CeO2 NPs hybrid fibers is gradually enhanced in the presence of UV‐light.
MED26‐containing Mediator may orchestrate multiple transcription processes through organization of nuclear bodies
Authors: Suzuki Hidefumi , Furugori Kazuki , Abe Ryota , Ogawa Shintaro , Ito Sayaka , Akiyama Tomohiko , Horiuchi Keiko , Takahashi Hidehisa 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMediator is a coregulatory complex that plays essential roles in multiple processes of transcription regulation. One of the human Mediator subunits, MED26, has a role in recruitment of the super elongation complex (SEC) to polyadenylated genes and little elongation complex (LEC) to non‐polyadenylated genes, including small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs) and replication‐dependent histone (RDH) genes. MED26‐containing Mediator plays a role in 3′ Pol II pausing at the proximal region of transcript end sites in RDH genes through recruitment of Cajal bodies (CBs) to histone locus bodies (HLBs). This finding suggests that Mediator is involved in the association of CBs with HLBs to facilitate 3′ Pol II pausing and subsequent 3′‐end processing by supplying 3′‐end processing factors from CBs. Thus, we argue the possibility that Mediator is involved in the organization of nuclear bodies to orchestrate multiple processes of gene transcription.
LC–MS/MS approach for simultaneous assessment of hyoscine N‐butyl bromide and ketoprofen in biological fluids and pharmaceuticals
Authors: Ali Hazim M. , Alsohaimi Ibrahim Hotan , Hasanin Tamer H. A. , Batubara Afnan S. , Bukhary Deena M. , Mostafa Ehab M. , Gamal Mohammed 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe mixture of hyoscine N‐butyl bromide (HBB) and ketoprofen (KTP) is commonly used for the handling of abdominal spasms and pain relief. There are two challenges that restrict the simultaneous assessment of HBB and KTP in biological fluids and pharmaceuticals. The first issue is the difficulty of elution of HBB and the second one is the presence of KTP as a racemic mixture in all pharmaceutical formulations, which obscures its appearance as a single peak. An ultrasensitive and highly efficient liquid chromatography–mass/mass spectrometric (LC–MS/MS) method is designed and validated for the first concurrent assessment of HBB and KTP in spiked human serum and urine, and pharmaceutical formulations. The estimated linearity ranges for HBB and KTP were respectively, 0.5–500 and 0.05–500 ng/ml, with excellent correlation coefficients. Validation results showed that the value of relative standard deviations were <2% for HBB and KTP. The mean extraction recoveries for HBB and KTP were, respectively, 91.04 and 97.83% in Spasmofen® ampoules; 95.89 and 97.00% in spiked serum; and 97.31 and 95.63% in spiked urine. The presented innovative chromatographic approach was utilized for the measurement of trace amounts of coexisting pharmaceuticals in pharmacokinetics studies and routine therapeutic medication monitoring.
Pancreatic adenosquamous carcinoma: A population level analysis of epidemiological trends and prognosis
Authors: Huang Zhihao , Wang Jiakun , Zhang Rongguiyi , He Aoxiao , Luo Shuaiwu , Wu Rongshou , Xiong Jianghui , Li Min , Jin Tao , Li Enliang , Wu Linquan , Liao Wenjun 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe incidence and mortality of pancreatic adenosquamous carcinoma (PASC) have received little attention. The goal of our study was to explore the overall epidemiological trend of PASC at the population level.MethodsThe Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database was used to collect the incidence, incidence‐based (IB) mortality, and patient details for PASC from 2000 to 2017. The Joinpoint regression tool was used to examine the trends in incidence and IB mortality. The Kaplan–Meier approach was used for survival analysis. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to determine the independent prognostic factors.ResultsWe included 815 patients with PASC in the study. The incidence of PASC continuously increased from 2000 to 2017, with an annual percentage change (APC) of 3.9% (95% CI: 2.2%–5.7%, p < 0.05). IB mortality also increased continuously, with an APC of 5.0% (95% CI: 2.5%–7.6%, p < 0.05). Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that age, treatment, regional lymph node involvement, and tumor size were independent prognostic factors. Nomograms were created for PASC to predict 1‐ and 2‐year survival probabilities, respectively.ConclusionsThe incidence and IB mortality of PASC had a sustained and rapid increase, indicating that the preventive and treatment measures for PASC were not ideal. We must identify the significance of this condition as soon as possible, and commit greater attention and resources to PASC research.
A Review of Drag Coefficient Models in Gas‐Liquid Two‐Phase Flow
Authors: Chen Yanling , Wang Liang , Chang Haijun , Zhang Qunwei 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAlthough great efforts have been made in modeling the drag force in gas‐liquid two‐phase flow, the research about that in both theory and method is at the stage of development due to its diversity and complexity, and previous summary work about drag is usually based on a certain aspect. In this review, a unified framework that guides the drag coefficient model in gas‐liquid two‐phase flow is provided. From simple to complex, this paper introduces the drag coefficient of solid particles, single bubbles, bubble swarms, and bubbles in turbulence moving in liquid in turn. The variables affecting the drag coefficient in each of the above situations and the relationship between the drag coefficient and these variables are mentioned.
An Easily Accessible NIR‐Absorbing Tetraimide Dye and its Biotherapeutics Based Photothermal and Photodynamic Therapy
Authors: Srideep Dasari , Khatun Sajmina , Kumar Rengan Aravind , Venkata Rao Kotagiri 
Published: February 2023

AbstractOrganic π‐systems with strong absorption in the near‐infrared (NIR) region are promising candidates for photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT). However, the synthesis of NIR π‐systems involves several steps and many of them display poor photothermal conversion efficiency (PTCE). Here we present the synthesis of a tetraimide‐based donor‐acceptor NIR π‐system, 2EHex‐B having absorbance in the range of 350–900 nm. Importantly, 2EHex‐B is synthesized in two steps with a 70 % high yield. Moreover, 2EHex‐B shows excellent PTCE up to 50 % and good biocompatibility when encapsulated in liposomes. The liposome coated 2EHex‐B, (L‐2EHex‐B) showed good thermal stability and efficiently kills cancer cells via PTT. Additionally, L‐2EHex‐B shows good reactive singlet oxygen generation ability when irradiated with a 750 nm laser. 3D cell culture model ‐ multicellular spheroids test was performed to evaluate the efficiency of PTT. The spheroids treated with L‐2EHex‐B after NIR light irradiation showed increased cell death from the core of the tumor toward the periphery. The easy access to 2EHex‐B makes it a potential candidate for minimally invasive cancer treatment.
Metal Complexes and Nanoparticles for Photoacoustic Imaging
Authors: Steinbrueck Axel , Karges Johannes 
Published: February 2023

AbstractClinical imaging techniques are widely used to detect, locate, and track the growth or shrinkage of cancerous tumors. Although these techniques have shown impressive results, they often come with health risks due to the use of toxic contrast agents or ionizing radiation. To address these limitations, research efforts have been focused on the development of new imaging techniques. Among the emerging medicinal methods, photoacoustic imaging is receiving much attention. This method effectively combines the most important benefits of both ultrasound and fluorescence imaging, while minimizing their respective drawbacks via a light‐in and ultrasound‐out approach. This review article focuses on the fundamental concept, recent advances, and strategies for novel contrast agents based on molecular metal complexes or metallic nanoparticles for use in photoacoustic imaging.
Computational Fluid Dynamics‐Based Optimization of Face Mask Filter Media Using Micro‐Computed Tomography Scans
Authors: Berger Simon , Azimian Mehdi , Eichheimer Philipp , Hoch Dennis , Cheng Liping , Niessner Jennifer 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDuring the COVID‐19 pandemic, face masks have become an important protective measure for reducing the spread of potentially infectious aerosol particles emitted while speaking, coughing, or simply breathing. In this work, a voxel‐based numerical model obtained from micro‐computed tomography (microCT) scans of a medical mask was validated by comparing fractional filtration efficiency and net pressure loss to values measured at an in‐house mask test bench after discharging the mask in isopropanol. Varying mean fiber diameter, solid volume fraction, and thickness of the filter medium, parametric studies based on a digital twin of the mask sample were carried out. It is demonstrated that face masks can be designed where filtration efficiency, pressure drop, and material consumption is improved compared to the base case.
Copper Activation Enabling Reversible Aqueous Cu−ZnS Battery Chemistry
Authors: Yao Chenqi , Cheng Juanjuan , Ma Chaoyong , Tang Zhiyong , Ou Yun , Liu Longfei 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe aqueous metal‐sulfide batteries (AMSBs) have attracted research interest due to their high capacity, environmentally friendly qualities, and the accessibility of raw materials. However, the design strategies for metal‐sulfide cathode have rarely been reported. Here, the copper‐activated sphalerite in which Zn2+ is substituted by Cu2+ through ion exchange has been introduced for the first time as cathode for aqueous Cu/ZnS batteries. After sphalerite transformed to CuS, a two‐step conversion of CuS→Cu7S4→Cu2S storage mechanism has been proposed. At 0.7 A g−1 current density, the capacity can reach 532.4 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles. When cycled once at a current density of 35 mA g−1, the initial reversible capacity can reach 461 mAh g−1 under 1 A g−1. Furthermore, the assembled Zn//ZnS hybrid ion cell delivers an energy of up to 460 Wh kg−1, which is better than for many AMSBs.
O2 Separation Using MIEC Membranes and Steam Circulation Process
Authors: Khajryan Kabriil , Storch Thomas , Grab Thomas , Kircheisen Robert , Ravkina Olga , Kriegel Ralf , Fieback Tobias 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMIEC (mixed ionic‐electronic conductors) membranes are used to separate oxygen from air. In this article the functionality of these membranes with steam to produce high‐purity oxygen is presented. Compared to other sweep gases, the utilization of steam with MIEC enables the decentral production of oxygen using mainly thermal energy. This is especially advantageous for small and medium‐sized consumers; whereby they can produce their demand for oxygen through the recovery of waste heat at high temperatures and without extra transport costs. Therefore, a test rig was developed to investigate the MIEC membrane tubes made of Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3‐δ (BSCF) at different temperatures. The results of the experiments establish a proof of concept for this process.
Fully Automated Kinetic Models Extend our Understanding of Complex Reaction Mechanisms
Authors: Rihm Simon D. , Bai Jiaru , Pascazio Laura , Kraft Markus 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDie Automatisierung von Erstellung und Kalibrierung mikrokinetischer Modelle befähigt Forscher zur detaillierten Analyse von Reaktionsmechanismen sowie der Multiskalenmodellierung von Reaktoren auf Basis von Ab‐initio‐Berechnungen. Am Beispiel elektrochemischer CO2‐Reduktion wird deutlich, dass dies eine strukturierte und standardisierte Darstellung skalenübergreifender Konzepte erfordert. Massive Fortschritte wurden in diesem Bereich durch dynamische Wissensgraphen erzielt, wobei erste Teilerfolge im Bereich der Mechanismuserzeugung, quantenmechanischen Berechnungen sowie Kalibrierung mit Experimentaldaten zu vermelden sind.
Facile, Single‐Step Synthesis of a Series of D‐Ring Ethisterones Substituted with 1,4‐1,2,3‐Triazoles: Preliminary Evaluation of Cytotoxic Activities
Authors: Canseco‐González Daniel , Rodríguez‐Victoria Isaac , Apan‐Ramírez Teresa , Viviano‐Posadas Alejandro O. , Serrano‐García Juan S. , Arenaza‐Corona Antonino , Orjuela Adrian L. , Alí‐Torres Jorge , Dorazco‐González Alejandro , Morales‐Morales David 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA series of new D‐ring ethisterones substituted with 1,4‐1,2,3‐triazoles were obtained in a facile manner via click chemistry reactions. The new compounds were characterized by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, IR and unequivocally by single crystal X‐ray diffraction studies for compound 1. The cytotoxic activity of these derivatives was tested against a series of human cancer cell lines including human glioblastoma (U‐251), human prostatic adenocarcinoma (PC‐3), human colorectal adenocarcinoma (HCT‐15), human mammary adenocarcinoma (MCF‐7), human chronic myelogenous leukemia (K562), and human lung adenocarcinoma (SKLU‐1). Derivatives (3, X=Cl) and (5, X=I) showed promising cytotoxicity activities for leukemia adenocarcinoma (K562) and lung adenocarcinoma (SKLU). CI50% of K562: 11.72±0.9 μM (3) and 24.50±1.0 μM (5). CI50% of SKLU: 14.9±0.8 μM (3) and 46.0±2.8 μM (5). In addition, DNA docking simulations showed that all compounds interact with DNA through crosslink instrastrand p‐alkyl‐like interactions.
Segmentation of brain tumor subregions with depthwise separable dense U‐NET (DSDU‐NET)
Authors: Nehru V. , Prabhu V. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBrain tumors are one of the most dangerous medical conditions. The dispersed extremities and nonuniform structure of the tumors are the basis of why techniques of traditional segmentation have grown to be inefficient. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is one of the most widely used scanning procedures for tumors. However, to ameliorate the survival rate, the detection of tumors alone does not suffice, and there are other effective procedures. One of the most pivotal procedures for diagnosing the condition is the process of the brain tumor segmentation is a laborious and cumbersome process. As a result, a deep learning (DL) based solution is used to extract tumor subregions like enhancing tumor (ET), tumor core (TC), and whole tumor (WT). The proposed model involves novel DSDU‐Net: Depth‐wise separable dense U‐NET (DSDU‐NET) that precise outputs are acquired by retaining the low‐level features. In the preprocessing stage, a methodology called multi‐scale patch extraction is used to segregate tumor regions, and a grouping of Gaussian filter, unsharp masking, and histogram equalization is carried out on the data set to get significantly better performance. The proposed DSDU‐NET network performed better in terms of performance, specificity, sensitivity, dice similarity index, and Hausdorff distance for segmented image sub‐regions when validated on BraTS 2018 and 2019 data sources when particularly in comparison to other models.
Nuclear and cytoplasmic lncRNAs in root tips of the model legume Medicago truncatula under control and submergence
Authors: Reynoso Mauricio A. , Blanco Flavio Antonio , Zanetti María Eugenia 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this study, we aimed to identify long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in root tips of the model legume Medicago truncatula using previously generated nuclear, total polyA, ribosome‐associated polyA, and Riboseq RNA datasets, which might shed light on their localization and potential regulatory roles. RNA‐seq data were mapped to the version 5 of the M. truncatula A17 genome and analyzed to identify genome annotated lncRNAs and putative new root tip (NRT) lncRNAs. lncRNAs were classified according to their genomic location relative to chromatin accessible regions, protein‐coding genes and transposable elements (TE), finding differences between annotated lncRNAs and NRT lncRNAs, both in their genomic position as well as in the type of TEs in their vicinity. We investigated their response to submergence and found a set of regulated lncRNAs that were preferentially upregulated in the nucleus, some of which were located nearby genes of the conserved submergence upregulated gene families, and chromatin accessible regions suggesting a potential regulatory role. Finally, the accumulation of lncRNAs under submergence was validated by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction on nuclear RNA, providing additional evidence of their localization, which could ultimately be required for their function.
Associations between multimorbidity and frailty transitions among older Americans
Authors: Luo Yan , Chen Yuming , Wang Kaipeng , De Fries Carson M. , Huang Ziting , Xu Huiwen , Yang Zhou , Hu Yonghua , Xu Beibei 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe associations of multimorbidity patterns with transitions between frailty states remain unclear in older individuals.MethodsWe used data from the National Health and Aging Trends Study 2011–2019. Frailty was measured annually using the Fried frailty phenotype. Multimorbidity patterns at baseline were identified using latent class analysis based on 14 chronic conditions. We used the semi‐Markov multi‐state model to investigate the influences of multimorbidity characterized by condition counts and patterns on subsequent frailty transitions over follow‐ups.ResultsAmong 9450 participants aged ≥65 years at baseline, 34.8% were non‐frail, 48.1% were pre‐frail and 17.0% were frail. Over a median follow‐up of 4.0 years, 16 880 frailty transitions were observed, with 10 527 worsening and 6353 improving. For 7675 participants with multimorbidity, four multimorbidity patterns were identified: osteoarticular pattern (62.4%), neuropsychiatric–sensory pattern (17.2%), cardiometabolic pattern (10.3%) and complex multimorbidity pattern (10.1%). Compared with no disease, multimorbidity was significantly associated with an increased risk of worsening transitions, including from non‐frail to pre‐frail (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.35; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.21–1.52), from non‐frail to frail (HR = 1.68; 95% CI = 1.04–2.73), from pre‐frail to frail (HR = 2.19; 95% CI = 1.66–2.90) and from pre‐frail to death (HR = 1.64; 95% CI = 1.11–2.41). Compared with the osteoarticular pattern, neuropsychiatric–sensory, cardiometabolic and complex multimorbidity patterns had a significantly higher risk of worsening frailty (all P < 0.05).ConclusionsMultimorbidity was associated with dynamic transitions between frailty states and death among older American adults, and the associations varied across multimorbidity patterns. The findings could offer significant implications for public health policymakers in planning interventions and healthcare resources. They also might inform clinicians regarding providing targeted clinical treatment and health management based on multimorbidity patterns of older people.
The inflammatory burden index is a superior systemic inflammation biomarker for the prognosis of non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Xie Hailun , Ruan Guotian , Wei Lishuang , Deng Li , Zhang Qi , Ge Yizhong , Song Mengmeng , Zhang Xi , Lin Shiqi , Liu Xiaoyue , Yang Ming , Song Chunhua , Zhang Xiaowei , Shi Hanping 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundSystemic inflammation, the most representative tumour–host interaction, plays a crucial role in disease progression and prognosis in patients with non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Few studies have compared the performance of existing haematological systemic inflammation biomarkers in predicting the prognosis of NSCLC patients. The purpose of this study was to compare the prognostic value of existing systemic inflammation biomarkers and determine the optimal systemic inflammation biomarker in patients with NSCLC through a multicentre prospective study.MethodsThe predictive accuracy of systemic inflammation biomarkers for prognostic assessment in NSCLC was assessed using C‐statistics. Inter‐group differences in survival were assessed using the log‐rank test and visualized using the Kaplan–Meier method. A restricted cubic spline (RCS) curve was used to explore the association between the biomarkers and survival. Independent prognostic biomarkers for overall survival were determined using multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine independent predictors of 90‐day outcomes, length of hospitalization, hospitalization expenses and cachexia.ResultsThe inflammatory burden index (IBI) had the highest C‐statistic for predicting the prognosis of patients with NSCLC, reaching 0.640 (0.617, 0.663). Patients with a high IBI had significantly worse outcomes than those with a low IBI (35.46% vs. 57.22%; log‐rank P < 0.001). The IBI was also able to differentiate the prognosis of patients with NSCLC with the same pathological stage. The RCS curve showed an inverted L‐shaped dose–response relationship between the IBI and survival of patients with NSCLC. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis showed that a high IBI was an independent risk factor for death of patients with NSCLC (hazard ratio = 1.229, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.131–1.335, P < 0.001). A high IBI was an independent predictor of 90‐day outcomes (odds ratio [OR] = 1.789, 95% CI: 1.489–2.151, P < 0.001), prolonged hospital stays (OR = 1.560, 95% CI: 1.256–1.938, P < 0.001), high hospitalization expenses (OR = 1.476, 95% CI: 1.195–1.822, P < 0.001) and cachexia (OR = 1.741, 95%CI = 1.374–2.207, P < 0.001) in patients with NSCLC.ConclusionsThe IBI was independently associated with overall survival, 90‐day outcomes, length of hospitalization, hospitalization expenses and cachexia in NSCLC patients. As an optimal systemic inflammation biomarker, the IBI has broad clinical application prospects in predicting the prognosis of patients with NSCLC.