bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The modeling of changes in the specific activity of tritium in plants
Authors: Kryazhych Olha , Kovalenko Oleksandr , Itskovych Victoria , Iushchenko Kateryna 
Published: May 2023

Birch juice is a drink made of birch sap of medium-sized wild trees at the springtime. It is popular especially in northern Europe and Asia on territories with occasionally waterlogged permeable soils. However, some of these areas coincide with highest tritium leakage ever recorded (Kyshtym, Chernobyl and Fukushima). Robust analyses on tritium levels (scintillation method) in the birch sap were carried out in location with a constant load of tritiated water between 2003 and 2016. Sampling the birch sap was carried out annually in season (usually from the final week of February to the first-week of April. Sampling of birch sap was usually has been carried out during the period when the daytime air temperature was within +(5–8) °C minimum for 3 days. During this period, began intensive sap flow. Data obtained is put in relation to air temperature and humidity in order to contribute to the understanding basic mechanisms of tritium intake via birch. Findings confirmed that tritium easily penetrates via water into any organism and it can accumulate there for much longer than its half-decay times. It was firstly revealed that it is possible to predict the concentration of this dangerous pollutant in the birch sap based on the temperature and humidity dynamics. And with continuous input of tritium into the environment, the concentration of tritium in free water increases polynomial. The specific tritium activity values due to the gradient of tritium concentration in the atmosphere-plant-ground system of the change in temperature and humidity. For the organization of monitoring and control, the possibility of radioecological safety for the affected areas was determined
Performance assessment of bias correction methods using observed and regional climate model data in different watersheds, Ethiopia
Authors: Daniel Habtamu 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Bias correction methods are used to compensate for any tendency to overestimate or underestimate the downscaled variables. Rainfall, maximum, and minimum temperatures are the key climate variables where the socioeconomic activities of the regions are principally based on rain-fed agriculture. This paper compares the performance of regional climate models (RCMs) and bias correction methods in Gelana and Deme watersheds in Ethiopia during the base period of 1988–2019. Observed data obtained from the Ethiopian National Meteorological Agency were used for performance evaluation of the RCM outputs. The performance of the three selected RCMs and four bias correction methods were evaluated by using four statistical indicators: Pearson correlation coefficient (R), root mean square error, Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency, and percent bias. The results show that the RACMO22T and HIRHAM5 models performed better than the RCA4 model in reproducing daily precipitation, and maximum and minimum temperatures in the Deme and Gelana watersheds. Similarly, the empirical quantile mapping method for precipitation and maximum temperature bias correction, and the distribution mapping method for minimum temperature bias correction, were well performed and preferable to adjust the climate variables of the future periods in these watersheds. Moreover, all RCMs performed better in the Deme watershed than in the Gelana watershed.
SETD1A-mediated Methylation of H3K4me3 Inhibits Ferroptosis in
Non-small Cell Lung Cancer by Regulating the WTAPP1/WTAP Axis
Authors: Wang Dao , Zu Yukun , Sun Wei , Fan Xiaowu 
Published: May 2023

Introduction:
SETD1A is upregulated in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
tissues. This study investigated the molecular mechanism of the SETD1A/WTAPP1/WTAP
axis in NSCLC.

Methods:
Ferroptosis is a unique cell death mode driven by iron-reliant phospholipid peroxidation,
which is regulated by multiple cellular metabolic pathways, including REDOX
homeostasis, iron metabolism, mitochondrial activity and metabolism of amino
acids, lipids and sugars. Thus, the levels of ferroptosis markers (MDA, SOD, GSH) were
measured in vitro, and NSCLC cell behaviors were assessed. SETD1A-mediated
H3K4me3 methylation was analyzed. SETD1A-exerted effects on ferroptosis and tumor
growth in vivo were verified in nude mouse models.

Results:
SETD1A was highly expressed in NSCLC cells. Silencing SETD1A suppressed
NSCLC cell proliferation and migration, inhibited MDA, and enhanced GPX4, SOD, and
GSH levels. SETD1A elevated WTAP expression through WTAPP1 upregulation by mediating
H3K4me3 methylation in the WTAPP1 promoter region. WTAPP1 overexpression
partly averted the promotional effect of silencing SETD1A on NSCLC cell ferroptosis.
WTAP interference abrogated the inhibitory effects of WTAPP1 on NSCLC cell ferroptosis.
Silencing SETD1A facilitated ferroptosis and accelerated tumor growth in nude
mice through the WTAPP1/WTAP axis.

Conclusion:
SETD1A amplified WTAP expression through WTAPP1 upregulation by
mediating H3K4me3 modification in the WTAPP1 promoter region, thus promoting NSCLC
cell proliferation and migration and inhibiting ferroptosis.
Local Anesthetics, Clinical Uses, and Toxicity: Recognition and Management
Authors: Ozbay Sedat , Ayan Mustafa , Karcioglu Ozgur 
Published: May 2023

Abstract:
Local anesthetic (LA) compounds decrease the permeability of the ion channels to sodium, which in
turn, reduces the rate of depolarization. These agents (a.k.a. -caines) are also used to depress mucosal sensations,
e.g., gag reflex in the form of topical anesthetics. Overdose of LA can lead to local anesthetic systemic
toxicity (LAST), which is the precursor of potentially lethal consequences on clinical grounds. There is a wide
array of possible presentations of LAST, from mild findings, such as temporary hypertensive events, to serious
conditions, including refractory cardiac dysfunction, dysrhythmias and prearrest situations. Lidocaine, prilocaine,
mepivacaine, ropivacaine, and bupivacaine are among the most commonly used members of the family.
The agents’ dosages should be adjusted in children, elderly and fragile individuals and those with organ failures,
as the metabolism of the compounds will be impaired. The ideal body weight, along with hepatic and renal
functional reserves, will have an impact on elimination kinetics. Systemic absorption is an untoward consequence
of LA administration which deserves every means of prevention. Intravenous lipid emulsion is an important
life-saving treatment in severe, life-threatening cases. This narrative review article is designed to cover the
clinical uses of LA in children, recognition, and management of untoward effects of the agents, with special emphasis
on the LAST.
High-throughput Second-generation Sequencing Technology Assisted
Diagnosis of Familial Partial Lipodystrophy (Type 2 Kobberling-Dunnigan
Syndrome): A Case Report
Authors: Deng Mingling , Chen Wen , Qi Yan 
Published: May 2023

Background:
Whole exome sequencing (WES) provides support for clinical diagnosis
and treatment of genetically related diseases based on specific probe capture and high-throughput
second-generation sequencing technology. Familial partial lipodystrophy 2 (FPLD2; OMIM #
151660) or type 2 Köbberling-Dunnigan syndrome with insulin resistance syndrome is uncommon
in mainland China and elsewhere.

Aims:
We report the case in order to have a further understanding of FPLD2 or type 2 Kobberling-
Dunnigan syndrome) with the assistance of WES and improve the clinical and genetic understanding
and diagnosis of this disease.

Case Report:
A 30-year-old woman was admitted to the cadre department of our hospital at 14:00
on July 11, 2021, because of hyperglycemia, a rapid heart rate, and excessive sweating during
pregnancy. An oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) showed that insulin and C-peptide increased
slowly after glucose stimulation, and the peak value was extended backward (Table 1). It was suggested
that the patient had developed insulin antibodies, resulting in insulin resistance. Her clinical
features and familial inheritance were consistent with FPLD2 (type 2 Kobberling-Dunnigan syndrome).
The results of WES indicated that a heterozygous mutation occurred in exon 8 of the
LMNA gene, because the base C at position 1444 was mutated into T during transcription. This mutation
changed the amino acid position 482 of the encoded protein from Arg to Trp. Type 2 Kobberling-
Dunnigan syndrome is associated with an LMNA gene mutation. According to the patient's
clinical manifestations, hypoglycemic and lipid-lowering therapy is recommended.

Conclusion:
WES can assist in the simultaneous clinical investigation or confirmation of FPLD2
and help identify diseases with similar clinical phenotypes. This case demonstrates that familial
partial lipodystrophy is associated with an LMNA gene mutation on chromosome 1q21-22. This is
one of the few cases of familial partial lipodystrophy diagnosed by WES.
Nanocarrier Mediated Intranasal Drug Delivery Systems for the Management
of Parkinsonism: A Review
Authors: Kapoor Archita , Hafeez Abdul , Kushwaha Poonam 
Published: May 2023

Abstract:
The transport of drugs to the brain becomes a key concern when treating disorders of the
central nervous system. Parkinsonism is one of the major concerns across the world populations, which
causes difficulty in coordination and balance. However, the blood-brain barrier is a significant barrier to
achieving optimal brain concentration through oral, transdermal, and intravenous routes of administration.
The intranasal route with nanocarrier-based formulations has shown potential for managing Parkinsonism
disorder (PD). Direct delivery to the brain through the intranasal route is possible via the
olfactory and trigeminal pathways using drug-loaded nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems. The
critical analysis of reported works demonstrates dose reduction, brain targeting, safety, effectiveness,
and stability for drug-loaded nanocarriers. The important aspects of intranasal drug delivery, PD details,
and nanocarrier-based intranasal formulations in PD management with a discussion of physicochemical
characteristics, cell line studies, and animal studies are the major topics in this review. Patent reports
and clinical investigations are summarized in the last sections.
Image Quality Improvement of Low-dose Abdominal CT using Deep Learning
Image Reconstruction Compared with the Second Generation Iterative
Reconstruction
Authors: Kang Hyo-Jin , Lee Jeong Min , Park Sae Jin , Lee Sang Min , Joo Ijin , Yoon Jeong Hee 
Published: May 2023

Background:
Whether deep learning-based CT reconstruction could improve lesion conspicuity on abdominal CT when the radiation dose is reduced is controversial.

Objectives:
To determine whether DLIR can provide better image quality and reduce radiation dose in contrast-enhanced abdominal CT compared with the second generation of adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction [ASiR-V].

Aims:
This study aims to determine whether deep-learning image reconstruction [DLIR] can improve image quality.

Methods:
In this retrospective study, a total of 102 patients were included, who underwent abdominal CT using a DLIR-equipped 256-row scanner and routine CT of the same protocol on the same vendor's 64-row scanner within four months. The CT data from the 256-row scanner were reconstructed into ASiR-V with three blending levels [AV30, AV60, and AV100], and DLIR images with three strength levels [DLIR-L, DLIR-M, and DLIR-H]. The routine CT data were reconstructed into AV30, AV60, and AV100. The contrast-to-noise ratio [CNR] of the liver, overall image quality, subjective noise, lesion conspicuity, and plasticity in the portal venous phase [PVP] of ASiR-V from both scanners and DLIR were compared.

Results:
The mean effective radiation dose of PVP of the 256-row scanner was significantly lower than that of the routine CT [6.3±2.0 mSv vs. 2.4±0.6 mSv; p< 0.001]. The mean CNR, image quality, subjective noise, and lesion conspicuity of ASiR-V images of the 256-row scanner were significantly lower than those of ASiR-V images at the same blending factor of routine CT, but significantly improved with DLIR algorithms. DLIR-H showed higher CNR, better image quality, and subjective noise than AV30 from routine CT, whereas plasticity was significantly better for AV30.

Conclusion:
DLIR can be used for improving image quality and reducing radiation dose in abdominal CT, compared with ASIR-V.
Studying the Optimization, Characterization, and Antioxidant Activities
of Phenolic Extracts Extracted from Rhus chinensis Mill. Leaf using
Microwave-assisted Extraction System with Glycerol as a Green Solvent
Authors: Supjaroenporn Chalisa , Khongcharoen Prapawarin , Myo Hla , Khat-udomkiri Nuntawat 
Published: May 2023

Background:
The leaves of Rhus chinensis Mill., a common deciduous tree found in
the mild temperate zone of Asia, have many medicinal effects, including antioxidant properties.

Objectives and Methods:
This study aims to optimize the conditions for extracting phenols from
Rhus chinensis Mill. (RCM) using a microwave-assisted extraction system with glycerol (MAEG)
via response surface methodology (RSM). It also aims to compare the extraction efficacy of decoction
and MAEG methods in terms of the bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities of the extracts
obtained through them, identify bioactive compounds in both extracts via ultra-high performance
liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-QTOFMS/
MS), and determine the cytotoxicity and cellular antioxidant activity of MAEG extract.

Results:
Temperature and glycerol concentration significantly affected the total phenolic content
(TPC) of the extracts. The validated value of TPC was 84.11 ± 4.28 mg GAE/g for the sample obtained
under the optimal conditions of 12.76 min at 54.08°C and 34.48% glycerol concentration.
MAEG extract exhibited higher antioxidant properties compared to the decoction extract. Different
phenolic compounds in the extracts were tentatively identified by LC-QTOF. MAEG concentrations
from 1 mg/mL to 7.5 mg/mL were considered non-cytotoxic to NIH/3T3 fibroblasts. Furthermore,
the cell viability of NIH/3T3 fibroblasts increased after being treated with MAEG extract
(from 2.5 mg/mL to 7.5 mg/mL) and subjected to H2O2- induced oxidative stress compared to H2O2
treatment alone.

Conclusion:
Finally, MAEG can be used as a novel green extraction method for obtaining bioactive
compounds for cosmetic and medicinal applications.
Docking, Synthesis, and In vitro Anti-depressant Activity of Certain Isatin
Derivatives
Authors: Muthukumaran Thulasingam , K Asok Kumar , M Saleshier Francis 
Published: May 2023

Background:
In vitro, the molecular docking method has been suggested for estimating
the biological affinity of the pharmacophores with physiologically active compounds. It is the latter
stage in molecular docking, and the docking scores are examined using the AutoDock 4.2 tool
program. The chosen compounds can be evaluated for in vitro activity based on the binding
scores, and the IC50 values can be computed.

Objective:
The purpose of this work was to create methyl isatin compounds as potential antidepressants,
compute physicochemical characteristics, and carry out docking analysis.

Methods:
The protein data bank of the RCSB (Research Collaboratory for Structural Bioinformatics)
was used to download the PDB structures of monoamine oxidase (PDB ID: 2BXR) and indoleamine
2,3-dioxygenase (PDB ID: 6E35). Based on the literature, methyl isatin derivatives
were chosen as the lead chemicals. By determining their IC50 values, the chosen compounds were
tested for in vitro anti-depressant activity.

Results:
The binding scores for the interactions of SDI 1 and SD 2 with indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase
were found to be -10.55 kcal/mol and -11.08 kcal/mol, respectively, while the scores for
their interactions with monoamine oxidase were found to be -8.76 kcal/mol and -9.28 kcal/mol,
respectively, using AutoDock 4.2. The relationship between biological affinity and pharmacophore
electrical structure was examined using the docking technique. The chosen compounds were
tested for their ability to inhibit MAO, and the IC50 values for each were found to be 51.20 and
56, respectively.

Conclusion:
This investigation has identified many novel and effective MAO-A inhibitors from
the family of chemicals known as methyl isatin derivatives. Lead optimization was applied to the
SDI 1 and SDI 2 derivatives. The superior bioactivity, pharmacokinetic profile, BBB penetration,
pre-ADMET profiles, such as HIA (human intestinal absorption) and MDCK (Madin-Darby canine
kidney), plasma protein binding, toxicity assessment, and docking outcomes, have been obtained.
According to the study, synthesised isatin 1 and SDI 2 derivatives exhibited a stronger
MAO inhibitory activity and effective binding energy, which may help prevent stress-induced depression
and other neurodegenerative disorders caused by a monoamine imbalance.
Penicillamine-induced Stevens Johnson Syndrome-toxic Epidermal Necrolysis
(SJS-TEN) Overlap in an HIV-infected Patient with Wilson’s Disease and
Hepatitis B
Authors: Chhabra Namrata , Reddy Papireddy Shivareddy Meghana , Bhatnagar Ayush , Ganguly Satyaki 
Published: May 2023

Introduction:
Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN)
are severe adverse drug reactions characterized by widespread blistering and mucositis. Wilson’s
disease is a rare, autosomal recessive disorder that results in excessive copper accumulation in the
body, where penicillamine is an effective treatment option for copper chelation. Penicillamineinduced
SJS-TEN is a rare but potentially fatal adverse effect. There is increased susceptibility to
SJS/TEN in HIV infection due to immunosuppression and chronic liver disease due to impaired hepatic
function.

Objective:
To diagnose and manage the occurrence of the rare severe adverse cutaneous drug reactions
in the backdrop of immunosuppression and chronic liver disease.

Case Report:
We are reporting penicillamine-induced SJS-TEN overlap in a 30-year-old male with
Wilson’s disease, HIV and Hepatitis B who was treated with intravenous immunoglobulins. The
patient later developed neurotrophic ulcer in the right cornea as a delayed sequela.

Conclusion:
Our case report emphasizes that there is an increased predisposition to SJS/TEN in
immunocompromised and chronic liver disease patients. Physicians should be well aware of the
potential danger of SJS/TEN in this subset of patients, even while prescribing a relatively safer
drug.
Evaluation of the Hepatotoxicity of Buprenorphine in Rat Pups Born to an
Exposed Mother During Lactation
Authors: Roshanravan Babak , Aschner Michael , Aramjoo Hamed , Pourbagher-Shahri Ali Mohammad , Samarghandian Saeed , Farkhondeh Tahereh 
Published: May 2023

Aim:
This study aimed to evaluate the hepatotoxicity of buprenorphine in lactating rat
pups of buprenorphine-injected mothers. Buprenorphine (BUP), a semisynthetic opioid, is increasingly
administrated as a first-line standard maintenance treatment for opioid dependence due to its
high safety and efficacy compared to other opioids. Numerous studies have confirmed the safety
of BUP maintenance treatment in addicted patients.

Objective:
This study was designed to assess the effects of BUP on the activities of liver enzymes,
oxidative parameters, and liver histopathological changes in pups born to a mother exposed
to this drug during lactation.

Methods:
BUP at a dose of 0.5 or 0.1 mg/kg was subcutaneously administrated to lactating rats for
28 days. At the end of the experiment, the pups were anesthetized, and blood samples were obtained
from their hearts for measuring liver enzymes. Then the livers of the animals were dissected
to measure oxidative stress parameters. In addition, the liver samples were fixed for histopathological
evaluation.

Results:
The findings indicated a decrease in the activities of serum liver enzymes (ALT and AST)
of the pups born to mothers exposed to 0.5 and 1 mg/kg of BUP during lactation. BUP could not
change malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), nitric oxide (NO) levels, nor superoxide
dismutase (SOD) activity in the liver tissue of animals. Some vacuolated hepatocytes with dark,
eccentric nuclei, necrosis with karyolytic nuclei, mitotic figures, and multiple binucleated cells
were seen in the pups which received 1 mg/kg of BUP.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, BUP may induce liver dysfunction in pups born to mothers exposed to
this drug during lactation.
Sarcopenic Obesity and Its Impact on Quality of Life: A Concise Review
Authors: Kumari Mangalam , Khanna Archana 
Published: May 2023

Abstract:The presence of sarcopenia and obesity is a feature of sarcopenic obesity (SO). In this condition, the fat-to-lean body mass ratio is incorrect. Excess visceral fat, the percentage of body fat, subcutaneous fat, and body mass index causes poor health and premature death and has been linked to conditions such as type 2 diabetes, ischemic heart disease, high blood pressure, and several types of cancer. In addition, control, autonomy, self-actualization, and enjoyment are all components of quality of life; factors that reduce these aspects are likely to reduce the quality of life in older adults. This reviews paper aims to examine the available evidence regarding the prevalence of quality of life in other conditions, which helps medical professionals and physical therapists by providing abundant knowledge and suggesting the best ways to improve the same.
Effect of Microwave Radiation on the Solvent-free Synthesis of Phthaloylamino
Acids
Authors: Pankrushina Natalia A. , Korotkikh Mikhail O. , Mikheev Alexander N. 
Published: May 2023

Background:
In recent years, microwave radiation has been widely used in organic synthesis, including solvent-free mode. However, the reaction conditions of phthalic anhydride with amino acids under solvent-free microwave activation have not been studied so far.

Objective:
In the present work, the effect of microwave activation on the interaction of phthalic anhy-dride with amino acids in solvent-free conditions has been studied in detail.

Methods:
The microwave heating dynamics of phthalic anhydride, glycine and their equimolar mixture under microwave conditions have been investigated, and the dependence of the heating rate on the mi-crowave power is defined.

Results:
The common conditions for the synthesis of phthaloylamino acids have been determined as continuous heating at a power of 200 W at 130 °C for 5-6 min and additional heating for 5-10 min at a temperature close to the melting point of the corresponding amino acid. We have applied the developed two-step solvent-free microwave reaction protocol successfully for the synthesis of phthaloyl deriva-tives of glycine, alanine, β-alanine, 4-aminobenzoic acid, γ-aminobutyric acid, isoleucine, leucine, phe-nylalanine.

Conclusion:
Reaction conditions for synthesizing phthaloylamino acids by microwave activation with-out solvent have been established. The solvent-free microwave reaction between phthalic anhydride and amino acid has been found to proceed in the melted phthalic anhydride.