bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recent Advances of Electrocatalyst and Cell Design for Hydrogen Peroxide Production
Authors: Huang Xiao , Song Min , Zhang Jingjing , Shen Tao , Luo Guanyu , Wang Deli 
Published: April 2023

AbstractElectrochemical synthesis of H2O2 via a selective two-electron oxygen reduction reaction has emerged as an attractive alternative to the current energy-consuming anthraquinone process. Herein, the progress on electrocatalysts for H2O2 generation, including noble metal, transition metal-based, and carbon-based materials, is summarized. At first, the design strategies employed to obtain electrocatalysts with high electroactivity and high selectivity are highlighted. Then, the critical roles of the geometry of the electrodes and the type of reactor in striking a balance to boost the H2O2 selectivity and reaction rate are systematically discussed. After that, a potential strategy to combine the complementary properties of the catalysts and the reactor for optimal selectivity and overall yield is illustrated. Finally, the remaining challenges and promising opportunities for high-efficient H2O2 electrochemical production are highlighted for future studies.
Advances in Noble Metal-Decorated Metal Oxide Nanomaterials for Chemiresistive Gas Sensors: Overview
Authors: Zhu Li-Yuan , Ou Lang-Xi , Mao Li-Wen , Wu Xue-Yan , Liu Yi-Ping , Lu Hong-Liang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHighly sensitive gas sensors with remarkably low detection limits are attractive for diverse practical application fields including real-time environmental monitoring, exhaled breath diagnosis, and food freshness analysis. Among various chemiresistive sensing materials, noble metal-decorated semiconducting metal oxides (SMOs) have currently aroused extensive attention by virtue of the unique electronic and catalytic properties of noble metals. This review highlights the research progress on the designs and applications of different noble metal-decorated SMOs with diverse nanostructures (e.g., nanoparticles, nanowires, nanorods, nanosheets, nanoflowers, and microspheres) for high-performance gas sensors with higher response, faster response/recovery speed, lower operating temperature, and ultra-low detection limits. The key topics include Pt, Pd, Au, other noble metals (e.g., Ag, Ru, and Rh.), and bimetals-decorated SMOs containing ZnO, SnO2, WO3, other SMOs (e.g., In2O3, Fe2O3, and CuO), and heterostructured SMOs. In addition to conventional devices, the innovative applications like photo-assisted room temperature gas sensors and mechanically flexible smart wearable devices are also discussed. Moreover, the relevant mechanisms for the sensing performance improvement caused by noble metal decoration, including the electronic sensitization effect and the chemical sensitization effect, have also been summarized in detail. Finally, major challenges and future perspectives towards noble metal-decorated SMOs-based chemiresistive gas sensors are proposed.
Highly Ordered Thermoplastic Polyurethane/Aramid Nanofiber Conductive Foams Modulated by Kevlar Polyanion for Piezoresistive Sensing and Electromagnetic Interference Shielding
Authors: Qian Kunpeng , Zhou Jianyu , Miao Miao , Wu Hongmin , Thaiboonrod Sineenat , Fang Jianhui , Feng Xin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Highly ordered and uniformly porous structure of conductive foams is a vital issue for various functional purposes such as piezoresistive sensing and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding. With the aids of Kevlar polyanionic chains, thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) foams reinforced by aramid nanofibers (ANF) with adjustable pore-size distribution were successfully obtained via a non-solvent-induced phase separation. In this regard, the most outstanding result is the in situ formation of ANF in TPU foams after protonation of Kevlar polyanion during the NIPS process. Furthermore, in situ growth of copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs) on TPU/ANF foams was performed according to the electroless deposition by using the tiny amount of pre-blended Ti3C2Tx MXene as reducing agents. Particularly, the existence of Cu NPs layers significantly promoted the storage modulus in 2,932% increments, and the well-designed TPU/ANF/Ti3C2Tx MXene (PAM-Cu) composite foams showed distinguished compressive cycle stability. Taking virtues of the highly ordered and elastic porous architectures, the PAM-Cu foams were utilized as piezoresistive sensor exhibiting board compressive interval of 0–344.5 kPa (50% strain) with good sensitivity at 0.46 kPa−1. Meanwhile, the PAM-Cu foams displayed remarkable EMI shielding effectiveness at 79.09 dB in X band. This work provides an ideal strategy to fabricate highly ordered TPU foams with outstanding elastic recovery and excellent EMI shielding performance, which can be used as a promising candidate in integration of satisfactory piezoresistive sensor and EMI shielding applications for human–machine interfaces.

Graphical Abstract
Screening of Vitis vinifera cultivars from the Grapevine Germplasm Bank of Aragon for susceptibility to Botryosphaeria dieback fungi
Authors: Langa-Lomba Natalia , González-García Vicente , Martín-Ramos Pablo , Casanova-Gascón José 
Published: April 2023

AbstractGrapevine trunk diseases (GTDs) are taking the forefront of winegrowers’ concerns, as they cause considerable damage in vineyards not only quantitatively but also qualitatively. Furthermore, in the last three decades, an increasing incidence of the socioeconomic impact of these fungal pathologies has been observed. To date, no effective control strategies or curative treatments are available for these diseases that can replace the effectiveness offered by a series of chemical synthesis fungicides currently prohibited by European legislation. In this scenario, screening for less sensitive cultivars is regarded as a sustainable approach for GTDs management. In the study presented herein, the tolerance/susceptibility of 25 cultivars from the Grapevine Germplasm Bank of Aragon (Movera, Zaragoza, Spain) including commercial, local, or minority germplasm, was tested against two pathogens associated with Botryosphaeria dieback (viz. Neofusicoccum parvum and Diplodia seriata), which were inoculated in a detached cutting assay under open-air conditions. Based on lesion length development after eight months, significant differences were detected among the cultivars in the length of internal (vascular) necroses. In general terms, all cultivars were susceptible to fungal infection, but ‘Macabeo’ and one of the ‘Garnacha Tinta’ ecotypes under study (from Villanueva de Huerva, Zaragoza) would be the least susceptible white and red cultivars, respectively. On the other hand, ‘Monegrina’, ‘Grumel’, and ‘Torcijón’ would be among the least tolerant cultivars to fungal infection.
Building the Leeds Monolingual and Parallel Legal Corpora of Arabic and English Countries’ Constitutions: Methods, Challenges and Solutions
Authors: El-Farahaty Hanem , Khallaf Nouran , Alonayzan Amani 
Published: April 2023

AbstractArabic corpora have existed since the last decade of the past century. Although they are constantly increasing, more advanced tools and morpho-syntactically annotated Arabic corpora are still needed for research and teaching. Likewise, parallel and specialised corpora are rare despite the growing need to use them in empirical linguistic investigations of authentic Arabic texts and for language and translation teaching. Therefore, building legal corpora will pave the way for more research in Arabic legal translation, an area which is under-researched worldwide. This paper aims to discuss the building of a collection of specialised parallel and monolingual legal corpora. In particular, it will discuss the building of diachronic corpora, which include all available constitutions of 22 Arabic countries. The aim of building all available versions of these constitutions is two-fold: (1) interdisciplinary corpus-based and socio-cultural investigations and (2) research-led and blended-learning pedagogical approaches to translation teaching and learning. Thus, these corpora are of great value to translation trainers and researchers, law academics and professionals, and governmental, non-governmental and international organisations. The paper will demonstrate the process of building these specialised complex corpora and the challenges encountered throughout this process. Among the challenges faced during the data collection and processing phases are (1) limitations of finding the original constitutions for each Arabic country since some of them date back to 1922; (2) file conversion and the difficulty of choosing one Optical Character Recognition (OCR) tool to rely on for the Arabic language since many lack accuracy, efficiency as well as encoding issues in Arabic.
Statistical analysis of wastewater treatment plant data
Authors: Bourget Gulhan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we propose to apply the linear mixed effects model (LMEM) for the first time in this discipline to evaluate wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) data. Because the most widely used statistical analyses cannot handle data dependency, as well as fixed and random factors, a new approach was essential. We used the LMEM method to analyze three groups of 19 pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) from a California municipal WWTP. We studied the relationships between five treatments, seasons, and three groups of PPCPs. The main contributions of this paper are to investigate three-way and two-way factor interactions and propose that the autoregressive lag 1, AR (1), is a suitable variance-covariance structure for data dependency. While the seasons did not affect the mean concentration levels for the treatments and groups ($$p=0.2540$$

p
=
0.2540

), the mean concentration levels for the seasons differed by groups ($$p<0.0001$$

p
<
0.0001

) and the treatments ($$p=0.0027$$

p
=
0.0027

).
Salt-affected marginal lands: a solution for biochar production
Authors: Wang Yang , Lin Qimei , Liu Zhongzhen , Liu Kesi , Wang Xiang , Shang Jianying 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe literature has shown that biochar can serve as potential amendment to achieve sustainable agriculture and environment. The accessibility and availability of cheap feedstock are considered as important constraint factors for the widespread application of biochar in agriculture. Marginal lands are widely distributed globally, several times larger than arable land, and hold little value for food production due to poor soil conditions. However, these lands are suitable for growing plants, which can be used as feedstock for biochar production. The salt-affected lands, as one of the main marginal lands, are particularly suitable for cultivating diverse varieties of halophytes that can be pyrolyzed into biochar, bio-gas, and bio-oil. The halophyte-derived biochar is useful to produce a desirable acid soil conditioner due to its high ash and rich bases, and improves soil characteristics under extreme saline conditions. Additionally, syngas and bio-oil hold potential benefits as fuels and industrial raw materials. This study introduces an innovative management technique for marginal lands such as salt-affected land, which can provide all-round benefits in food production, land management, vegetation coverage, carbon sequestration, and climate change mitigation.
Graphical Abstract
Biochar-bacteria partnership based on microbially induced calcite precipitation improves Cd immobilization and soil function
Authors: Xu Min , Ma Jing , Zhang Xiao-Hong , Yang Gang , Long Lu-Lu , Chen Chao , Song Chun , Wu Jun , Gao Peng , Guan Dong-Xing 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMicrobially induced calcite precipitation (MICP) technique utilizes ureolytic bacteria to decompose urea and generate carbonate ions for metal combination. MICP can remediate heavy metal (e.g., Cd) contaminated soils while maintaining or even improving soil functions, but its efficiency in agricultural soil practical application still needs to be enhanced. Here, we constructed a biochar-bacteria (2B) partnership in which biochar provides high nutrition and diverse sorption sites. Using the 2B system, Cd immobilization effectiveness and the underlying mechanism were examined along with the soil properties and soil functions. Results showed that compared to the single biochar and ureolytic bacteria systems, soil Cd mobility was reduced by 23.6% and 45.8% through co-precipitating with CaCO3 as otavite (CdCO3) in the 2B system, whereas soil fertility, bacterial diversity, and richness increased by 11.7–90.2%, 5.4–16.1%, and 6.8–54.7%, respectively. Moreover, the abundances of Proteobacteria and Firmicutes were enhanced in the 2B system. Notably, Sporosarcina and Bacillus (Firmicutes genus) that carry the ureC gene were boosted in the system, further implicating the microbiological mechanism in reducing Cd migration and its bioavailability in soil. Overall, the constructed 2B system was efficient in soil Cd immobilization by strengthening the ureolytic bacteria growth and their nutrient supply in the bacteria-rich soil ecosystem.
Phylotype resolved spatial variation and association patterns of planktonic Thaumarchaeota in eastern Chinese marginal seas
Authors: Liu Jiwen , Huang Fuyan , Liu Jiao , Liu Xiaoyue , Lin Ruiyun , Zhong Xiaosong , Austin Brian , Zhang Xiao-Hua 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe majority of marine ammonia oxidizers belong to Thaumarchaeota, a phylum of Archaea, which is distributed throughout the water column. Marine surface waters contain distinct thaumarchaeotal phylotypes compared to the deeper ocean, but spatial dynamics of the surface-associated lineages are largely unsolved. This study of 120 seawater samples from the eastern Chinese marginal seas identified contrasting distribution and association patterns among thaumarchaeotal phylotypes across different dimensions. Horizontally, Nitrosopumilus-like and Nitrosopelagicus-like phylotypes dominated the surface water (3 m) of the Yellow Sea (YS) and East China Sea (ECS), respectively, along with increased abundance of total free-living Thaumarchaeota in ECS. Similar compositional changes were observed in the surface microlayer. The spatial heterogeneity of particle-attached Thaumarchaeota was less clear in surface microlayers than in surface waters. Vertically, the Nitrosopelagicus-like phylotype increased in abundance from surface to 90 m in ECS, which led to an increase in the proportion of Thaumarchaeota relative to total prokaryotes. This occurred mainly in the free-living fraction. These results indicate a clear size-fractionated niche partitioning, which is more pronounced at lower depths than in the surface water/surface microlayer. In addition, associations of Thaumarchaeota with other microbial taxa varied between phylotypes and size fractions. Our results show that a phylotype-resolved and size-fractionated spatial heterogeneity of the thaumarchaeotal community is present in surface oceanic waters and a vertical variation of the Nitrosopelagicus-like phylotype is present in shallow shelf waters.
The Internationalisation of Psychology in Brazil: an Analysis of Scientific Outputs, Collaboration Networks and Their Impacts
Authors: Bastos Antônio Virgílio Bittencourt , Gondim Sonia Maria Guedes , Abbad Gardênia da Silva , Mourão Luciana , Pérez-Nebra Amalia Raquel , Coelho Júnior, Francisco Antônio , Carlotto Mary Sandra 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis article aims
to analyse the process of internationalisation of scientific output in Brazilian psychology and its subfields and compare them with other countries from 2011 to 2020. Two other objectives were taken into consideration: to describe the collaboration networks formed by national psychology researchers and their influence on the impact of scientific output while analysing the relationships in the North–South and South-South axes and to reflect on the advance of the quality of the scientific output over time, considering the indicators of its scientific impact. We used SciVal, based on the Scopus database. The main result is that cooperation on the South-North axis was dominant compared to cooperation on the South-South and South-East axes. The paper also discusses the importance of public funding agencies and the growth of graduate programs in Brazil, enabling the increase in output and the internationalisation of national psychology. The final part addresses the limitations of the Scopus database and some guidelines for the future of the internationalisation of Brazilian psychology.
Controlling Molecular Dye Encapsulation in the Hydrophobic Core of Core–Shell Nanoparticles for In Vivo Imaging
Authors: Umezawa Masakazu , Ueya Yuichi , Ichihashi Kotoe , Dung Doan Thi Kim , Soga Kohei 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPolymeric nanoparticles with a hydrophobic core are valuable biomedical materials with potential applications in in vivo imaging and drug delivery. These materials are effective at protecting vulnerable molecules, enabling them to serve their functions in hydrophilic physiological environments; however, strategies that allow the chemical composition and molecular weight of polymers to be tuned, forming nanoparticles to control the functional molecules, are lacking. In this article, we review strategies for designing core–shell nanoparticles that enable the effective and stable encapsulation of functional molecules for biomedical applications. IR-1061, which changes its optical properties in response to the microenvironment are useful for in vitro screening of the in vivo stability of polymeric nanoparticles. An in vitro screening test can be performed by dispersing IR-1061-encapsulated polymer nanoparticles in water, saline, buffer solution, aqueous protein solution, etc., and measuring the absorption spectral changes. Through the screening, the effects of the polarity, molecular weight, and the chiral structure of polymers consisting of polymer nanoparticles on their stability have been revealed. Based on the findings presented here, more methodologies for the effective application of various biomolecules and macromolecules with complex high-dimensional structures are expected to be developed.
Global Variations in the Time Delays Between Polar Ionospheric Heating and the Neutral Density Response
Authors: Weimer Daniel R. , Mehta Piyush M. , Licata R. J. , Tobiska W. K. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe present results from a study of the time lags between changes in the energy flow into the polar regions and the response of the thermosphere to the heating. Measurements of the neutral density from the Challenging Mini‐satellite Payload (CHAMP) and Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) missions are used, along with calculations of the total Poynting flux entering the poles. During two major geomagnetic storms in 2003, these data show increased densities are first seen on the dayside edge of the auroral ovals after a surge in the energy input. At lower latitudes, the densities reach their peak values on the dayside earlier than on the night side. A puzzling response seen in the CHAMP measurements during the November 2003 storm was that the density at a fixed location near the “Harang discontinuity” remained at unusually low levels during three sequential orbit passes, while elsewhere the density increased. The entire database of measurements from the CHAMP and GRACE missions were used to derive maps of the density time lags across the globe. The maps show a large gradient between short and long time delays between 60° and 30° geographic latitude. They confirm the findings from the two storm periods, that near the equator, the density on the dayside responds earlier than on the nightside. The time lags are longest near 18–20 hr local time. The time lag maps could be applied to improve the accuracy of empirical thermosphere models, and developers of numerical models may find these results useful for comparisons with their calculations.
Distinct maternal metabolites are associated with obesity and glucose-insulin axis in the first trimester of pregnancy
Authors: Bandres-Meriz Julia , Kunz Christina , Havelund Jesper F. , Færgeman Nils J. , Majali-Martinez Alejandro , Ensenauer Regina , Desoye Gernot 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackground/ObjectivesObesity in pregnancy associates with changes in the glucose-insulin axis. We hypothesized that these changes affect the maternal metabolome already in the first trimester of human pregnancy and, thus, aimed to identify these metabolites.Patients/MethodsWe performed untargeted metabolomics (HPLC-MS/MS) on maternal serum (n = 181, gestational weeks 4+0–11+6). For further analysis, we included only non-smoking women as assessed by serum cotinine levels (ELISA) (n = 111). In addition to body mass index (BMI) and leptin as measures of obesity and adiposity, we metabolically phenotyped women by their fasting glucose, C-peptide and insulin sensitivity (ISHOMAindex). To identify metabolites (outcome) associated with BMI, leptin, glucose, C-peptide and/or ISHOMA(exposures), we used a combination of univariable and multivariable regression analyses with multiple confounders and machine learning methods (Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis, Random Forest and Support Vector Machine). Additional statistical tests confirmed robustness of results. Furthermore, we performed network analyses (MoDentify package) to identify sets of correlating metabolites that are coordinately regulated by the exposures.ResultsWe detected 2449 serum features of which 277 were annotated. After stringent analysis, 15 metabolites associated with at least one exposure (BMI, leptin, glucose, C-peptide, ISHOMA). Among these, palmitoleoyl ethanolamine (POEA), an endocannabinoid-like lipid endogenously synthesized from palmitoleic acid, and N-acetyl-L-alanine were consistently associated with C-peptide in all the analyses (95% CI: 0.10–0.34; effect size: 21%;p < 0.001; 95% CI: 0.04–0.10; effect size: 7%;p < 0.001). In network analysis, most features correlating with palmitoleoyl ethanolamide and N-acetyl-L-alanine and associated with C-peptide, were amino acids or dipeptides (n = 9, 35%), followed by lipids (n = 7, 27%).ConclusionsWe conclude that the metabolome of pregnant women with overweight/obesity is already altered early in pregnancy because of associated changes of C-peptide. Changes of palmitoleoyl ethanolamide concentration in pregnant women with obesity-associated hyperinsulinemia may reflect dysfunctional endocannabinoid-like signalling.
High-power continuous-wave optical waveguiding in a silica micro/nanofibre
Authors: Zhang Jianbin , Kang Yi , Guo Xin , Li Yuhang , Liu Keying , Xie Yu , Wu Hao , Cai Dawei , Gong Jue , Shi Zhangxing , Jin Yingying , Wang Pan , Fang Wei , Zhang Lei , Tong Limin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAs miniature fibre-optic platforms, micro/nanofibres (MNFs) taper-drawn from silica fibres have been widely studied for applications from optical sensing, nonlinear optics to optomechanics and atom optics. While continuous-wave (CW) optical waveguiding is frequently adopted, so far almost all MNFs are operated in low-power region (e.g., <0.1 W). Here, we demonstrate high-power low-loss CW optical waveguiding in MNFs around 1550-nm wavelength. We show that a pristine MNF, even with a diameter down to 410 nm, can waveguide an optical power higher than 10 W, which is about 30 times higher than demonstrated previously. Also, we predict an optical damage threshold of 70 W. In high-power CW waveguiding MNFs, we demonstrate high-speed optomechanical driving of microparticles in air, and second harmonic generation efficiency higher than those pumped by short pulses. Our results may pave a way towards high-power MNF optics, for both scientific research and technological applications.