bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ballistic Performance of Protection Structures Using Fiber Composites as Matrix Armor
Authors: Guo Y , Wang JH , Xu XY , Duan TT , Yan SQ , Wang DG , Xin PX , Wang L , Huang YS , Li N 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The protective performance of a composite structure composed of the composite layer (FC composite) as the matrix armor and the ballistic ceramic layer as the faceplate against Type 53 7.62 mm Armor-Piercing Incendiary (API) is studied. FC composite is used as the hybrid fiber layer mainly containing carbon fiber, and the ballistic ceramic layer is respectively made of three kinds of ballistic ceramics: alumina, silicon carbide and boron carbide. The results show that the weight of boron carbide ceramic is 14% ~ 30% less than that of alumina ceramic and 10% ~ 24% less than that of silicon carbide ceramic under equal thickness of the FC composite substrate. The lowest total areal density is 44 kg/m2 when the bearing capacity of the armored vehicle is basically satisfied.
Study on Batch Deep-hole Drilling Technology of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics
Authors: Shao M , Kong GQ , Wang K , Li DY , Yu QB , An ZH , Yao W , Liu XF 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
To meet assembly requirements, carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) generally require mechanical processing, of which the most common form is drilling. As a result of the increasing quantity of use and growing structural complexity of CFRP, the demand for batch high-precision hole making is becoming increasingly urgent. However, existing research is mostly focused on the small-batch and small-thickness drilling of samples. With a customized PCD drill bit, this study investigates the effects of large-batch drilling on the failure forms of the drill bit and the quality of holes drilled. The results show that (1) chip adhesion is of great importance to the failure of the drill bit in the process of batch hole making; (2) fluid cutting facilitates the cooling, lubrication, and chip removal of the bit, thereby dramatically reducing tool wear; (3) dry cutting leads to micro hole expansion so that the holes drilled have a slightly larger diameter than the drill bit; and (4) the addition of support plates at the exit position can effectively avoid defects such as exit tear and delamination.
Numerical Simulation of Triple-Layer Reactive Composite EFP Formation and Penetrating Interval Target
Authors: Wang Shi-peng , Ji Peng-yuan , He Suo , Cai Yi-qiang , Zheng Yuan-feng 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In order to study the formation and penetration behavior of triple-layer reactive composite EFP, numerical simulation method is used to describe the formation and penetration process, and reveals the influence of blasting height on the formation and penetration. The numerical simulation results show that the formation process of the reactive composite EFP includes impact, boost and stretching flight stages. The impact stage: under the impact of detonation wave and detonation product, the outer, middle and inner liners collide with each other, kinetic energy exchange occurs during the process, and finally they are adhered to each other. The boost stage: the detonation wave and detonation products continue to promote the overall flight of EFP, and they begin to disappear gradually. The stretching flight stage: after the external impetus disappeared, the reactive composite EFP continues to fly by its own inertia and gradually stretches. The blasting height has a great influence on the formation and penetration behavior of reactive composite EFP. The results have certain reference significance for the study of triple-layer reactive composite EFP.
Research on the formation behavior of PTFE/Al reactive explosively formed projectile
Authors: Su Cheng-hai , Xiao Yan-wen , Sun Tao , Zheng Yuan-feng 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Based on AUTODYN-3D finite element analysis platform, the SPH algorithm is used to simulate the forming characteristics of Al/PTFE reactive Explosively Formed Projectile (EFP). The evolution behaviors and distribution of morphology, velocity, density, and temperature field during the reactive EFP were analyzed. Numerical simulation results show that Al/PTFE reactive shaped charge can form stable reactive EFP, and the overall density of reactive EFP decreases with the extension of the forming time, and the density of reactive EFP is much lower than the initial density of reactive liner. When the reactive EFP is in the state of freely flying, the high temperature region mainly concentrates on the tail of the reactive EFP, the bottom of the reactive liner and the fracture flying zone, and the high temperature region proportion is significantly affected by the explosive type, the curvature radius of the reactive liner and the wall thickness of the reactive liner.
Ubiquitiformal Characterization on Meso-structure of Granular Composite Materials
Authors: Ju YB , Liu HT , Li EK , Yu F 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
A ubiquitiformal approach to characterize the mesostructure feature of granular composite materials is developed, and the complexity of a granular composite material is determined by its particle size distribution. To verify the validity, the ubiquitiform model for concrete is proposed and examined. It is found that the calculated numerical results of the complexity and PSD are in good agreement with the previous experimental data. Moreover, by using the ubiquitiform model, an analytical expression of the equivalent Young’s modulus for the concrete is obtained, it is also found that the numerical results are in good agreement with the previous experimental data.
Impact of Raw Phenyl Silicone Rubber Parameters on ethod Vulcanized Phenyl Silicone Rubber
Authors: Li H , Liu FB , Li B , Liu P , Sun ZY , Du HT , Du MX , Ma WD , Sun GH 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Based on the structure of raw phenyl silicone rubber and performance of vulcanized rubber, the properties of raw and vulcanized phenyl silicone rubber are tested in this study. The relationship between raw rubber parameters and the influence of raw rubber properties on the performance of vulcanized rubber are also analyzed. Conclusions are as follows: (1) The viscosity average molecular weight of the raw silicone rubber measured by Ubbelohde viscometer and gel permeation chromatography (GPC) mdiffers relatively greatly, with the result of Ubbelohde viscometer higher than that of GPC. (2) The glass transition temperature of raw silicone rubber is significantly affected by the molar content of phenyl chain (phenyl content) in its structure. In a good linear relationship with phenyl content, it increases as the phenyl content increases. (3) The static glass transition temperature of raw rubber measured by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) is 0-15 °C lower than the dynamic glass transition temperature measured by dynamic thermo-mechanical analyzer (DMA). (4) Mooney viscosity increases with the increase of the viscosity average molecular weight of raw rubber. (5) As phenyl content rises from 20 % to 40 %, the damping peak loss factor of vulcanized rubber increases from 0.4 to 0.7 and the damping peak temperature increases from -90 °C to -40 °C. (6) As the molar content of vinyl chain (vinyl content) is raised from 0.1 % to 0.6 %, the hardness of vulcanized rubber is boosted from 45 to 65, and the tensile strength decreases from 12 MPa to 6 MPa. (7) With the increase of vinyl content from 0.1 % to 0.4 %, the tear strength of vulcanized rubber decreases from 45 kN/m to 25 kN/m. (8) The vinyl content has an obvious impact on the damping performance of vulcanized rubber at high temperatures. When vinyl content increases from 0.1 % to 0.5 %, the damping property of the vulcanized rubber under high temperature drops from 0.25 to 0.1. (9) The compression set of vulcanized rubber decreases with the increase of vinyl content of raw rubber.
Study on the Test and Evaluation Technology for Multi-weapon Actual Combat Effectiveness in Multi-domains
Authors: Wu J P , Ren M , Liu M F , Liao M , Yan Z G , Lv H P , Sun W P 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In view of the new characteristics and demands presented in the actual combat training assessment of our troops in recent years, such as fast attack of weapons and ammunitions, wide attack range, multi-bomb attack multi-target, low missing test rate, giving the assessment results quickly, etc., the disadvantages of the current attack effectiveness and evaluation system are analyzed. In this paper, multi-aperture integration optical measuring station, radar and unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) three-dimensional measurement technology, higher adaptive broadband transmission technology, measurement and control network based on cloud computing technology are explored. The aim is to promote the current single projectile effectiveness test system to multi-weapon combat effectiveness test and evaluation system, which will improve the training level of our troops rapidly.
Discussion On Low-cost Design of Ammunition Electrical System
Authors: Hang Xu , yang Zhang , Hongxing Zheng , Fei Zuo , Xiaowen Xi , Shi He 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Facing the demands of future battlefield, it is necessary to realize the low-cost design of missiles to meet the large demand for small missiles in the future battlefield. Based on this condition, this paper systematically studies the low-cost optimization design of missile safety scheme and the implementation of the low-cost design of cable network, and puts forward the scheme that can achieve the low-cost design of ammunition electrical system.
Disturbance Observer based Dynamic Surface Sliding Mode Control for Manipulator Arm with Adaptive RBF Networks
Authors: Zhou G Z , Zou Q , Shao S C 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
For the rotation position control of automatic loading manipulator arm with uncertain problems of load change and external disturbances, an adaptive radial basis function networks (RBF) dynamic surface sliding mode control (DSMC) strategy based on disturbance observer (DOB) is proposed. The value of the external disturbance, which is estimated by the DOB on line, is added to the output of the proposed controller for feedforward compensation. The dynamic performance of the controller is ensured by introducing the adaptive RBF networks while the stability of the controller is verified by designing the Lyapunov function. Comparison between the results of the proposed control strategy and those of the conventional sliding mode control (SMC) shows that the controller has better dynamic tracking characteristics, steady-state accuracy and strong robustness under load changes.
Research on Technology of Low-cost Flight Control Components for Intelligent Ammunition
Authors: Li Ding , Jing-zhu Xie , Yao Pu 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The flight control component is a complex embedded computer system integrating navigation solution, control calculation and rudder control calculation, which is the core component of intelligent ammunition flight control system. Through the analysis and comparison of the hardware interface and operational capability requirements of flight control components of different guidance systems, the results show that the guidance system is the key factor affecting the overall structure of flight control components, then summarize the typical embedded processor type and peripheral interface mode in product performance and cost, and propose the design process and design principle of low-cost flight control components of intelligent ammunition.
Application of Artificial Intelligence in Spacecraft Ground Testing
Authors: Bo Zang , Lei Zang , Xin Chang 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
With the accelerated application of new-generation information technologies, developed countries have implemented digitalization strategies to gain a competitive advantage in the digital era. Artificial intelligence (AI) is widely used in a wide range of modern industries. Our country has put increasing emphasis on AI technologies, and our aerospace industry is being more digitalized. This study focuses on the application prospects of AI in spacecraft ground testing. It aims to build smart labs driven by products and discusses how to integrate AI into the process of quality supervision, instability prediction, situational awareness analysis for equipment, and optimization of knowledge-driven product design, thus digitalizing spacecraft ground tests.
Application of Intelligent Inspection Units in Improving the Safety of Large Thermal Test Systems
Authors: Xin Chang , Bo Zang , Yang Wang , Wenhao Xu , Kuang Liu 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
To ensure the success of space launch, large-scale thermal testing at the ground system level must be conducted for spacecraft products to verify their design, performance and quality. Such tests have the characteristics of high technical difficulty, high safety risks, complex supporting equipment, and long test cycles. So it is of great significance to improve the safety and reliability of large thermal test systems to ensure successful verifications of the spacecrafts. This paper focuses on the application of integrating artificial intelligence technology with the safety of large thermal test systems, and discusses improving the safety of large-scale thermal testing by using mobile intelligent inspection units, fixed intelligent inspection units, digital diagnosis, and situation prediction.
Is it possible to reach a sustainable change in Science Teaching at primary schools? A plan for achieving it
Authors: Nicolás-Castellano C , Limiñana R , Menargues A , Martínez-Torregrosa J 
Published: May 2023

AbstractOne of the great challenges of recent decades, which has been the subject of much debate and research, is how to bridge the gap between science education research and school practice. To address this issue, we have reviewed and analysed in depth the characteristics that in-service teacher training programmes should have in order to be effective and of high quality. In this paper, we present a professional development programme to achieve the desired didactic change in science teaching at schools. This programme is organized into phases that can be evaluated by measurable indicators to determine its success or failure. In addition, in order to assess the sustainability of change in a school (or group of teachers), we have incorporated the theory of critical mass in social change, which has received recent empirical support.
Implementing the use of Energy Bar Charts in the framework of an Early Physics approach
Authors: Bologna V , Leban S P , Longo F , Peressi M , Sorzio P 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Introductory college courses use the Multiple Representations (MR) method for teaching/learning energy processes. It helps students understand concepts which are challenging to learn, like energy, and to solve related problems. Although this method is well-recognised in the context of Physics Education and researchers, it is less known by high school teachers because of its limited use in Physics textbooks. We report a recent experience where we accompanied teachers in their Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK) revision and in the building of an innovative way of teaching using conceptual fragmentation. The assessment confirmed the teaching efficiency of using Multiple Representations tools such as Energy Bar Charts.
Effect of electrokinetic treatment time on energy consumption and salt ions removal from clayey soils
Authors: Hussain Abdul Ahad , Kamran Kashif , Hina Maryam , Ishaq Mubashera , Naz Muhammad Y , Bashir Shahid , Sarwar Nadeem , Quazi Moinuddin Mohammed 
Published: May 2023

AbstractElectrokinetics effectively removes contaminants, but its field-scale applications are limited mainly due to its high energy cost. In previous studies, the energy consumption was determined either by changing the soil’s specimens initial salt concentration while keeping the treatment time fixed or by changing the treatment time and keeping the same initial salt concentrations for all the specimens. Since both the initial salt concentration and treatment time are important parameters in determining reclamation cost, therefore, in this study, the soil specimens intentionally contaminated with different concentrations of sodium chloride (NaCl), i.e., varying from 3.7 to 15.5 g kg−1, were exposed to a constant DC electric field of 1 V cm−1for different time durations, i.e., varying from 6 to 72 h. The results show that electroosmotic flow (EOF) was directed from the anode to the cathode and higher for specimens contaminated with relatively low salt concentration, i.e., up to 7.6 g kg−1. Therefore, for these specimens, due to the combined effect of electroosmosis and electromigration, the removal of Na+was higher than the Cl−. However, for the specimen contaminated with a higher salt concentration, i.e., 15.5 g kg−1, the Cl−removal exceeded Na+due to the marginalization of EOF. Regardless of initial salt concentration, the electroosmotic flow and salt ions removal rates decreased with increasing treatment time, which might be attributed to the development of acidic and alkaline environments in soil. The collision of acidic and alkaline fronts resulted in a large potential gradient in a narrow soil region of pH jump, diminishing it everywhere else. This nonlinearity in the electric potential distribution in soil reduced the EOF and electromigration of salt ions.
A silver nanoparticle (AgNP)-loaded Bi2Se3 topological insulator p-n heterojunction photodiode for a near-infrared (NIR) photodetector
Authors: Elangovan Vinoth , Vaiyapuri Vijay , R Aysha Parveen , Jayaram Archana , Santhanakrishnan Harish , Mani Navaneethan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Near-infrared (NIR) photons are expanding advanced applications in optoelectronics. However, while 2D materials like graphene offer an attractive route for NIR photodetection, the alternative for high-performance NIR detection is still evolving. Hence, solution-processed n-Bi2Se3
/p-Si-based 2D heterojunction photodiodes have been fabricated here and used for high-performance NIR detection. Further, we report high photoresponsivity of 248 mA W−1 at 1100 nm, high external quantum efficiency of 22, 23 and 28% for Ag-loaded (at 5, 7.5 and 10%) Bi2Se3 and good stability. The chemical states of Bi2Se3 and Ag are detected using the core-level spectra of x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Photoresponse I–V characteristics are investigated under both dark and illumination; the high photocurrent achieved for Ag-loaded Bi2Se3 and the increase in the forward photocurrent under both dark and bright conditions are reported. The temporal photoresponse curve confirms the good stability (photoswitching behavior) and reproducibility with a response time of 0.74 s and a decay time of 0.18 s. Therefore, these unique performance and device parameters of a manufactured photodiode strongly recommend as a potential heterojunction photodiode for an NIR photodetector.
The effect of configurational entropy on acoustic emission of P2-type layered oxide cathodes for sodium-ion batteries
Authors: Dreyer Sören L , Zhang Ruizhuo , Wang Junbo , Kondrakov Aleksandr , Wang Qingsong , Brezesinski Torsten , Janek Jürgen 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) see intensive research and commercialization efforts, aiming to establish them as an alternative to lithium-ion batteries. Among the reported cathode material families for SIBs, Na-deficient P2-type layered oxides are promising candidates, benefiting from fast sodium diffusion and therefore high charge/discharge rates. However, upon sodium extraction at high potentials, a transition from the P2 to O2 phase occurs, with the corresponding change in cell volume resulting in particle fracture and capacity degradation. A possible solution to this is to increase configurational entropy by introducing more elements into the transition-metal layer (so-called high-entropy concept), leading to some kind of structural stabilization. In this work, the acoustic emission (AE) of a series of P2-type layered oxide cathodes with increasing configurational entropy [Na0.67(Mn0.55Ni0.21Co0.24)O2, Na0.67(Mn0.45Ni0.18Co0.24Ti0.1Mg0.03)O2 and Na0.67(Mn0.45Ni0.18Co0.18Ti0.1Mg0.03Al0.04Fe0.02)O2] is recorded during SIB operation and correlated to the materials properties, namely change in c lattice parameter and cracking behavior. A structure-property relationship between entropy, manifested in the extent of phase transition, and detected AE is derived, supported by the classification of signals by peak frequency. This classification in combination with microscopy imaging allows to distinguish between inter- and intragranular fracture. Relatively more intergranular and less intragranular crack formation is observed with increasing configurational entropy.
Bearing fault diagnosis based on improved cepstrum under variable speed condition
Authors: Wang Jian , Sun Yongjian , Wang Wei 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The speed of rolling bearing often varies in actual operation process, the fault diagnosis of variable speed bearing is particularly important. In this paper, the definition of local maximum peak value of cepstrum is proposed, which can be used to extract variable speed features. And a variable speed bearing fault diagnosis method based on improved cepstrum is proposed. The proposed method could extract fault feature without tachometer and resampling. At first, the Local maximum peaks of the original cepstrum are extracted. Then, the corresponding thresholds of the peaks are calculated and determined one by one. Finally, the feature extraction is completed according to the thresholds. At the same time, this paper verified the feature extraction results under three different variable speed conditions, including acceleration, deceleration, and acceleration before deceleration. The experiments results show that the proposed method has higher accuracy (99.08%) and less running time than the other spectral analysis methods, which demonstrates the accuracy, rapidity and effectiveness. This proposed method provides a novel idea for fault diagnosis under condition of variable speed.