bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The association between the level of specific IgE to molecular components of mites and the expression of CD23 molecule on B lymphocytes in atopic dermatitis patients treated or not treated with dupilumab—Pilot study
Authors: Čelakovská Jarmila , Čermáková Eva , Boudková Petra , Andrýs Ctirad , Krejsek Jan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe CD23 molecule has an effect on the regulation of IgE synthesis, either by stimulation or inhibition. It is not yet known whether the expression of CD23 on B lymphocytes is related to the level of allergen‐specific IgE antibodies in patients with atopic dermatitis.AimThe aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the association between the expression of CD23 molecule on B cells and on their subsets (memory, naive, switched, non‐switched, and total B lymphocytes) and the level of specific IgE to molecular components of mites in atopic dermatitis patients (with and without dupilumab therapy).MethodsForty‐five patients suffering from atopic dermatitis were included: 32 patients without dupilumab treatment (10 men, 22 women, average age 35 years), 13 patients with dupilumab treatment (7 men, 6 women, average age 43.4 years) and 30 subjects as a control group (10 men, 20 women, average age 44.7 years). The serum level of the specific IgE was measured using the components resolved diagnostic microarray‐based specific IgE detection assay ALEX2 Allergy Xplorer. In all included patients, the expression of CD23 molecule on B lymphocytes was evaluated with flow cytometry using monoclonal antibodies. For the statistical analysis of the association between expression of CD23 molecule on B lymphocytes and the level of specific IgE to molecular components of mites, we used non‐parametric Kruskal‐Wallis one‐factor analysis of variance with post‐hoc by Dunn's test with Bonferroni modification and the Spearman's rank correlation coefficient; for coefficients higher than 0.41, we report R2 (%, percent of Variation Explained).ResultsThe association between the expression of CD23 molecule on B cells and the level of specific IgE to molecular components of mites was confirmed only in patients with dupilumab therapy. In these patients, the highest association was confirmed between the level of specific IgE to Der p 20 and expression of CD23 on switched B lymphocytes (in 48.9%). In patients without dupilumab, the association between the level of specific IgE to molecular components of mites and the expression of CD23 on B cells and on their subsets is low.ConclusionFurther research is needed to fully understand the underlying mechanism of this phenomenon and its implications for the treatment of atopic dermatitis.
Association between seed production traits in Urochloa spp.
Authors: dos Santos Gabriela Faria , Môro Gustavo Vitti , Pinheiro Jairo Gonçalves , Gouveia Beatriz Tomé , de Figueiredo Ulisses José 
Published: July 2023

AbstractUrochloa spp. are excellent perennial forages and are among the best grasses for livestock production. The seed yield is an important trait because it impacts the seed production cost and, consequently, the cost of establishing pastures. The objective of this study was to estimate the genetic correlation between traits related to seed production in Urochloa spp. The experiment was evaluated in 2019 and 2020. Eight traits related with seed production were evaluated for 23 tetraploid progenies obtained by crossing Urochloa brizantha × Urochloa ruziziensis. There were positive correlations of high magnitude between the characters, allowing indirect selection. Two progenies showed better results in traits directly related to seed production. Days to flowering can influence the rate of seed production. The highest value for grain percentage was 20.31%.
A universal neocortical mask for Centiloid quantification
Authors: Bourgeat Pierrick , Doré Vincent , Rowe Christopher C. , Benzinger Tammie , Tosun Duygu , Goyal Manu S. , LaMontagne Pamela , Jin Liang , Weiner Michael W. , Masters Colin L. , Fripp Jurgen , Villemagne Victor L. ,   for the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative,   OASIS3, and the AIBL research group
Published: July 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONThe Centiloid (CL) project was developed to harmonize the quantification of amyloid beta (Aβ) positron emission tomography (PET) scans to a unified scale. The CL neocortical mask was defined using11C Pittsburgh compound B (PiB), overlooking potential differences in regional distribution among Aβ tracers. We created a universal mask using an independent dataset of five Aβ tracers, and investigated its impact on inter‐tracer agreement, tracer variability, and group separation.METHODSUsing data from the Alzheimer's Dementia Onset and Progression in International Cohorts (ADOPIC) study (Australian Imaging Biomarkers and Lifestyle + Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative + Open Access Series of Imaging Studies), age‐matched pairs of mild Alzheimer's disease (AD) and healthy controls (HC) were selected:18F‐florbetapir (N = 147 pairs),18F‐florbetaben (N = 22),18F‐flutemetamol (N = 10),18F‐NAV (N = 42),11C‐PiB (N = 63). The images were spatially and standardized uptake value ratio normalized. For each tracer, the mean AD–HC difference image was thresholded to maximize the overlap with the standard neocortical mask. The universal mask was defined as the intersection of all five masks. It was evaluated on the Global Alzheimer's Association Interactive Network (GAAIN) head‐to‐head datasets in terms of inter‐tracer agreement and variance in the young controls (YC) and on the ADOPIC dataset comparing separation between HC/AD and HC/mild cognitive impairment (MCI).RESULTSIn the GAAIN dataset, the universal mask led to a small reduction in the variance of the YC, and a small increase in the inter‐tracer agreement. In the ADOPIC dataset, it led to a better separation between HC/AD and HC/MCI at baseline.DISCUSSIONThe universal CL mask led to an increase in inter‐tracer agreement and group separation. Those increases were, however, very small, and do not provide sufficient benefits to support departing from the existing standard CL mask, which is suitable for the quantification of all Aβ tracers.HIGHLIGHTSThis study built an amyloid universal mask using a matched cohort for the five most commonly used amyloid positron emission tomography tracers.There was a high overlap between each tracer‐specific mask.Differences in quantification and group separation between the standard and universal mask were small.The existing standard Centiloid mask is suitable for the quantification of all amyloid beta tracers.
An automated analysis method enabling the screening of covalent thrombin and factor XIIa inhibitors via liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry
Authors: Erbacher Catharina , Athmer Mathis , Kröger Erik , Dahrendorf Laureen , Imberg Lukas , Kalinin Dmitrii V. , Karst Uwe 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAn automated sample preparation and separation method for the analysis of various enzyme‐inhibitor combinations using liquid chromatography (LC) coupled to mass spectrometry (MS) is presented. As conventional anticoagulants have several drawbacks, the most severe being the elevated risk of internal bleedings, it is necessary to develop new‐generation anticoagulants with reduced side effects. Therefore, the screening of potential inhibitors against anticoagulation targets like thrombin and FXIIa is important to design a potent and selective inhibitor. To facilitate the analysis of numerous enzyme‐inhibitor covalent complexes, automation of the analysis using an LC system with a user‐defined injection sequence is helpful. The developed method ensures comparable reaction conditions like reaction time and temperature for all enzyme‐inhibitor complexes. Furthermore, it prevents time‐consuming manual sample preparation and potential manual errors. To achieve good reproducibility with relative standard deviation of approximately 3% for three‐fold determination, multiple cleaning steps were added to the automated sample preparation. Subsequently, this method was applied to screen a variety of 15 aminopyrazole‐ and aminotriazole‐based inhibitors with a covalent mechanism of action against thrombin and to test two covalent inhibitors for FXIIa. Successful complex formation and acylation of the catalytic center of the enzymes was monitored using deconvoluted mass spectra and the matching mass shifts of the acyl moiety of the analyzed inhibitors. The inhibitors' structure directly influenced reaction yields. Sterically demanding aminotriazoles and acyl moieties both affected the product formation negatively. However, the screening yielded several promising candidates for new covalent thrombin inhibitors, which might find their application as prospective anticoagulants.
Cover Image, Volume 61, Issue 3–4
Authors: Maurya Vineet K. , Ying Yan , Lanza Denise G. , Heaney Jason D. , Lydon John P. 
Published: July 2023

Cover illustration: The cover image is based on the Technical Note A CRISPR/Cas9‐engineered mouse carrying a conditional knockout allele for the early growth response‐1 transcription factor by Vineet K. Maurya et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/dvg.23515.image
Avian wings can lengthen rather than shorten in response to increased migratory predation danger
Authors: Ydenberg Ronald C. , Fernández Guillermo , Ortiz Lopez Enver , Lank David B. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIncreasing predation danger can select for safety‐enhancing modifications to prey morphology. Here, we document the multi‐decade wing lengthening of a Pacific flyway migrant, the western sandpiper (Calidris mauri), and contrast this with contemporaneous wing shortening of the closely related semipalmated sandpiper (C. pusilla) on the Atlantic flyway. We measured >12,000 southbound western sandpipers captured from 1978 to 2020 at a major stopover site in British Columbia. Wing length increased at 0.074 mm year−1 (SE = 0.017; p < .0003) for adults, and 0.087 mm year−1 (SE = 0.029; p < .007) for juveniles. These rates are of similarly large magnitude (4%–5% overall), but opposite in direction, to the rate we previously reported for semipalmated sandpiper adults (−0.103 mm year−1). In both species, the change is specific to wings rather than being part of a general body size change. We interpret both trends as responses to the ongoing strong increase of peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus) populations since the mid‐1970s, an important predator encountered by these species in contrasting ways during migration. Western sandpipers and peregrine migrations have temporal and spatial overlap. Longer wings enhance migratory speed and efficiency, enabling western sandpipers to decrease overlap by advancing to safer zones ahead of falcon passage. In contrast, semipalmated sandpipers primarily encounter peregrines as residents at migratory staging sites. Shorter wings improve acceleration and agility, helping migrants to escape attacks. Juvenile western sandpiper wing length also shows a component additive to the lengthening trend, shifting between years at 0.055 mm day−1 with the highly variable snowmelt date, with wings shorter following early springs. On the Pacific flyway, the timing of peregrine southward passage advances with snowmelt, increasing the relative exposure of juveniles to post‐migratory resident peregrines. We interpret this annual wing length adjustment as an induced defense, made possible because snowmelt timing is a reliable cue to danger in the upcoming migration.
Hogs sleep like logs: Wild boars reduce the risk of anthropic disturbance by adjusting where they rest
Authors: Fradin Gustave , Chamaillé‐Jammes Simon 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMany animals living in anthropized landscapes try to avoid encountering people by being active at night. By doing so, however, they risk being disturbed while at rest during the day. To mitigate this risk, diurnally resting species may be highly selective about where they rest. Here, we used GPS and activity sensors to study how wild boars (Sus scrofa) might adjust their resting site selection and revisitation patterns to the risk of disturbance by people. We evaluated the probability of daytime relocation to assess the efficacy of wild boars' resting strategy in reducing the risk of human encounter while at rest. We attempted to identify the cause of some relocations using audio recordings. Generally, we found that wild boars did not specifically avoid resting near villages or roads, that is, where the risk of encountering people is higher, if they could find sites with suitable vegetation cover. The risk of disturbance by people was low, even near villages. Resting sites located close to villages were visited more repeatedly than those located further away, suggesting that focusing on a few familiar and quiet resting sites was a successful strategy for resting undisturbed in an anthropized landscape.
Fidelity or love the one you're with? Biotic complexity and tradeoffs can drive strategy and specificity in beetle‐fungus by‐product mutualisms
Authors: Six Diana L. , Biedermann Peter H. W. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBy‐product mutualisms are ubiquitous yet seldom considered in models of mutualism. Most models represent conditional mutualisms that shift between mutualism and antagonism in response to shifts in costs and benefits resulting from changes in environmental quality. However, in by‐product mutualisms, benefits arise as a part of normal life processes that may be costly to produce but incur little‐to‐no additional costs in response to the interaction. Without costs associated with the interaction, they do not have antagonistic alternate states. Here, we present a conceptual model that differs from traditional conditional models in three ways: (1) partners exchange by‐product benefits, (2) interactions do not have alternate antagonistic states, and (3) tradeoffs are allowed among factors that influence environmental quality (rather than all factors that contribute to environmental quality being combined into a single gradient ranging from high to low). We applied this model to bark and ambrosia beetles (Curculionidae: Scolytinae), a diverse group that associates with fungi and that has repeatedly developed two distinct pathways to by‐product mutualism. We used independent axes for each major factor influencing environmental quality in these systems, including those that exhibit tradeoffs (tree defense and nutritional quality). For these symbioses, tradeoffs in these two factors are key to which mutualism pathway is taken.
Effects of septal myectomy on left atrial and left ventricular function in obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Ha Kyung Eun , Choi Kang‐Un , Lee Hee‐Jung , Gwak Seo‐Yeon , Kim Kyu , Cho Iksung , Hong Geu‐Ru , Ha Jong‐Won , Shim Chi Young 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimsMechanical function of the left atrium (LA) and the left ventricle (LV) has been demonstrated to be a prognostic factor in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). We explore whether myocardial mechanical function can be improved by septal reduction therapy in symptomatic obstructive HCM.Methods and resultsAmong 65 patients who underwent septal myectomy for symptomatic obstructive HCM from 2006 to 2022, 44 were analysed after excluding those who underwent simultaneous valve repair or replacement or maze operation. LA and LV functional variables including LA strain and LV global longitudinal strain were evaluated by two‐dimensional and speckle‐tracking echocardiography and compared before and 1 year after surgery. After septal myectomy, LA volume index (58.1 ± 18.3 vs. 45.3 ± 14.6 mL/m2, P = 0.001) decreased significantly. As LV end‐systolic dimension increased after surgery, the LV ejection fraction decreased (73.8 ± 6.7 vs. 62.9 ± 8.3%, P < 0.001). LA strain (24.4 ± 9.3 vs. 30.5 ± 13.6%, P = 0.004) improved after septal myectomy, but LV global longitudinal strain deteriorated (−12.6 ± 3.6 vs. −11.6 ± 4.3%, P = 0.033), mainly related to worsening non‐septal longitudinal strain (−14.4 ± 4.3 vs. −10.9 ± 8.4%, P = 0.005).ConclusionsAs haemodynamic loads due to LV outflow tract obstruction was relieved through surgical septal reduction therapy in patients with symptomatic obstructive HCM, there was a significant reduction in LA volume and restoration of LA mechanical dysfunction. However, LV mechanical dysfunction deteriorated even after surgical septal reduction therapy.
Stay healthy under global warming: A review of wearable technology for thermoregulation
Authors: Wu Ronghui , Chen Ting‐Hsuan , Hsu Po‐Chun 
Published: July 2023

AbstractGlobal warming has been affecting human health, including direct mortality and morbidity from extreme heat, storms, drought, and indirect infectious diseases. It is not only “global” but extremely “personal”—it is a matter of life and death for many of us. In this perspective, we propose the use of wearable technologies for localized personal thermoregulation as an innovative method to reduce the impact on health and enable wider adaptability to extreme thermal environments. The state‐of‐the‐art thermoregulation methods and wearable sensing technologies are summarized. In addition, the feasibility of thermoregulation technology in preventive medicine for promoting health under climate change is comprehensively discussed. Further, we provide an outlook on health‐oriented closed loop that can be achieved based on parallel thermoregulation and multiple data inputs from the physiological, environmental, and psychological cues, which could promote individuals and the public to better adapt to global warming.image
Improvement of melting performance in a longitudinal finned latent heat thermal energy storage unit
Authors: Ait Laasri Imad , Elmaazouzi Zakaria , Alami Mustapha El , Outzourhit Abdelkader , Bennouna El Ghali 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis article presents an analysis and enhancement of the charging behavior of a double‐pipe LHTES unit with longitudinal fins for concentrated solar power applications using a finite element numerical analysis approach. The finite element approach is applied to this numerical analysis by using “COMSOL Multiphysics” software. The investigated LHTES system has an operating temperature range of 180°C‐300°C and uses “DelcoTerm Solar E 15” as the heat transfer fluid (HTF) with a eutectic inorganic mixture of sodium nitrite and sodium nitrate as the phase change material (PCM). While also taking into account the impact of the tube material and the number of fins, the primary goal of this study is to evaluate performance improvement by changing the thickness and number of fins in a linked manner without changing the storage unit capacity. The results show a maximal impact on thermal performance which decreased the melting time by 46% and the charging time by 49.6% for the configuration with a fin thickness of 1 mm, 27 longitudinal fins, an inner tube made of aluminum, and a mass flow rate of 60 kg/h.
Congestion aware reward based scheme based on delay tolerant networks for emergency evacuation in 6G‐based internet of things networks
Authors: Awan Khalid Mahmood , Tariq Madeeha , Qureshi Kashif Naseer , Newe Thomas , Jeon Gwanggil 
Published: July 2023

AbstractInternet of Things (IoT) networks are based on advanced augmented reality‐based applications for better services. These advanced networks are always at threat due to different disasters in an urban congested environment. Delay tolerant networks is one of the well‐known solutions with various features. However, due to heavy data traffic, it suffered from congestion and selfish behavior issues. The existing solutions endeavored to mitigate selfishness and enforce nodes to cooperate which leads to congestion. The information concerning other nodes in the network is needed and to be maintained, stored, and shared. In this article, the issue of the occurrence of congestion while mitigating the selfish behavior of nodes is taken into account, especially for augmented reality (AR) and 6 G‐based IoT networks. This article proposes a credit‐based congestion aware reward‐based scheme for enforcing nodes to cooperate to refrain from selfishness. The load‐sharing technique handles the congestion in 6G/AR‐based IoT networks where the messages are shifted to low or non‐congested nodes rather than dropping them. Simulation results affirm the efficacy of the proposed scheme in terms of data delivery ratio, network overhead, energy consumption, and latency and outperform compare to the state‐of‐the‐art schemes.
User grouping and resource management in efficient NOMA‐OMA transmission scheme for infotainment message dissemination in VANETs
Authors: P Sreelakshmi , Keerthi Donuru , P P Deepthi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe data distribution for infotainment services at vehicular ad‐hoc networks (VANETs) has become a research hotspot in recent years. Non‐orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is accepted as an enabling technology for 5G and beyond due to its improved spectral efficiency. In this work, we consider a VANET communication scenario where users have common data demands such as high‐density maps, local entertainment/shopping options or other popular media content. For such a scenario, we propose an efficient clustering scheme together with a hybrid NOMA‐OMA scheme for improved spectral and power efficiency. For this setup, we also develop an optimal bandwidth allocation strategy to improve the power efficiency further. We formulate a one dimensional nonlinear power minimization problem such that the bandwidth allocation for the system can be optimized. The complexity and optimality analysis of optimization algorithms used for power minimization are performed. The improved performance of the proposed scheme in terms of power efficiency, spectral efficiency and latency performance is showcased in comparison to conventional NOMA and OMA approaches.
Study on the key parameters of vehicle fires for the growth stage in road tunnels
Authors: Xu Pai , Zhu Daiqiang , Li Liangliang , Chen Kai , Lin Beibei , Li Linjie 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAs the golden period for evacuation and rescue in road tunnel fires, the fire growth stage is indispensable for security. The key parameters of this stage must be clearly defined, including the maximum heat release rate (HRR), growth time, and growth coefficient. Based on the squared model, the correlations between the key parameters are investigated according to the existing fire tests of vehicle‐related materials and actual vehicles or mock‐ups. The maximum HRR and the growth coefficient of different types of vehicles are obtained. The results show that the maximum HRR is linearly related to the growth coefficient in the fire tests of vehicle‐related materials. And it is logarithmically related in the fire tests of actual vehicles or mock‐ups. The growth coefficient and growth time represent the possibility of a disaster. The larger the growth coefficient is or the shorter the growth time is, the greater the possibility is. The maximum HRR in a fire is 2 ~ 10 MW for a car, 10 ~ 50 MW for a bus, and 50 ~ 200 MW for a heavy goods vehicle. The growth coefficient in a fire is 0.003 ~ 0.013 kW/s2 for a car, 0.05 ~ 0.15 kW/s2 for a bus, and 0.2 ~ 0.3 kW/s2 for a heavy goods vehicle. The corresponding fire growth types are slow and medium, fast, fast, and ultra‐fast, respectively. This study is beneficial for the establishment of the fire growth model and the setting of emergency response time.