bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Histopathologic features predictive of perivascular deposition of IgA on direct immunofluorescence in cases of leukocytoclastic vasculitis: A retrospective study of 112 specimens
Authors: Xie Fangyi , Johnson Emma F. , Wetter David A. , Camilleri Michael J. , Todd Austin , Lehman Julia S. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIgA vasculitis is a small‐vessel vasculitis subtype with increased risk of systemic involvement. We aimed to investigate if any light‐microscopic features can predict the presence of perivascular granular IgA deposits on direct immunofluorescence (DIF) microscopy. We performed a retrospective search of cutaneous pathology reports from our internal and consultation practice (January 1, 2010–October 5, 2021) with a diagnosis of leukocytoclastic vasculitis and accompanying DIF. A blinded dermatopathologist reviewed standard microscopy slides for predetermined histopathological features. Fifty‐six biopsies (48 patients) and 56 biopsies (42 patients) met inclusion criteria for IgA+ and IgA−, respectively. The presence of eosinophils and mid and deep dermal inflammation were statistically more associated with IgA− (41/56 [73.2%] and 31/56 [55.4%], respectively) than IgA+ cases (28/56 [50.0%] and 14/56 [25.0%]; p = 0.049 and 0.006, respectively, chi‐squared test). Other microscopic criteria recorded were not significantly different between the two groups (p > 0.05, chi‐squared and Fisher's exact tests). In this retrospective study of 112 cases, we found that while the absence of eosinophils and absence of mid‐ and deep inflammation were correlated with increased likelihood of IgA perivascular deposition on DIF, no other histopathological features on light microscopy tested could reliably predict the presence of IgA perivascular deposition on DIF. Therefore, DIF remains a necessary component for the accurate diagnosis of cutaneous IgA vasculitis.
Pseudoxanthoma‐elasticum‐like changes on the soft palate
Authors: Weigelt Maximillian A. , Franklin Matthew J. , Mathur Deepan , Billings Steven D. , Ronen Shira 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE) is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder characterized by aberrant fragmentation and calcification of elastic fibers, leading to characteristic cutaneous, ophthalmic, and cardiovascular manifestations. PXE demonstrates significant phenotypic variability; involvement of the oral mucosa may be the only clue to the diagnosis. Reports on mucous membrane involvement in PXE are scarce. Here, we present a case of PXE‐like changes in the oral cavity. A 70‐year‐old male patient presented with a painless leukoplakic lesion on the soft palate. Biopsy revealed numerous degenerated fibers in the lamina propria. Verhoeff‐van Gieson and von Kossa staining confirmed their identity as calcified elastic fibers. A histopathological diagnosis of PXE‐like changes was made; the patient was referred to ophthalmology where angioid streaks were visualized fundoscopically. PXE‐like changes in the absence of the characteristic genetic mutation have also been reported with or without systemic manifestations. Furthermore, PXE‐like changes have been reported in up to 10% of oral biopsy specimens undertaken without clinical suspicion for PXE. Therefore, the significance of such changes in isolation is unclear. Clinicians and pathologists should be aware of the potential oral manifestations of PXE to facilitate prompt diagnosis and subspecialist referral.
Step‐by‐step protocol for alternative injury models in newt cardiac regeneration
Authors: Ikuta Hiromi , Uemasu Hitoshi , Kyakuno Mitsuki , Satoh Yukio , Namba Noriyuki , Takeuchi Takashi , Hayashi Toshinori 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAlthough the heart is one of the most important organs for animal survival, its regenerative capacity varies among animal species. Notably, adult mammals cannot regenerate their hearts after damage such as acute myocardial infarction. In contrast, some vertebrate animals can regenerate the heart throughout their lives. Cross‐species comparative studies are important to understand the full picture of cardiac regeneration in vertebrates. Among the animal species able to regenerate the heart, some urodele amphibians, such as newts, possess a remarkable capacity for this process. Standardized methods of inducing cardiac regeneration in the newt are needed as a platform for studies comparing newts and other animal models. The procedures presented here describe amputation and cryo‐injury techniques for the induction of cardiac regeneration in Pleurodeles waltl, an emerging model newt species. Both procedures consist of simplified steps that require no special equipment. We additionally show some examples of the regenerative process obtained using these procedures. This protocol has been developed for P. waltl. However, these methods are also expected to be applicable to other newt and salamander species, facilitating comparative research with other model animals.
The novel left atrial appendage strain parameters are associated with thrombosis risk in patients with non‐valvular atrial fibrillation
Authors: Su Bo , Sun Shi‐kun , Dai Xin‐jia , Ma Chang‐sheng , Zhou Bing‐yuan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectivesWe sought to explore a novel left atrial appendage (LAA) strain parameter which could represent the cumulative adverse impact of chronic Atrial fibrillation (AF) on the LAA function, and the relationship between the LAA strain parameter and thrombosis risk in patients with non‐valvular AF.MethodsWe enrolled 268 patients with non‐valvular AF and 58 sinus rhythm subjects who underwent transesophageal echocardiography in the study. LAA longitudinal strain amplitude (LAA LSA) was defined as the sum of the value of the maximum positive peak strain (LAA PLS) and the absolute value of the minimum negative peak strain (LAA NLS). Dense spontaneous echo contrast (SEC) was defined as grade 3 or 4 SEC.ResultsCompared to sinus rhythm group, the global LAA strain parameters were significantly lower in paroxysmal AF (n = 148), and the lowest of them were found in persistent AF (n = 120), which suggested that the global LAA strain parameters could evaluate LAA function in sinus rhythm, paroxysmal AF and persistent AF. Compared with patients in AF without SEC/thrombus (n = 113), the regional and global LAA strain parameters were significantly depressed in AF with SEC/thrombus (n = 155). Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that LAA global LSA (OR 0.768; 95% CI:0.569, 0.970; p = 0.027) was an independent predicter of the SEC/thrombus. Compared with patients in AF without dense SEC or thrombus (n = 210), the regional and global LAA strain parameters were significantly impaired in the patients with dense SEC/thrombus(n = 58). LAA global LSA (AUC 0.884) had the best predictable accuracy for dense SEC or thrombus, and outperformed LAA PLS, LAA NLS, CHA2DS2‐VASc score and conventional LAA functional parameters that have been used in the evaluation blood flow stasis in LAA. LAA LSA showed excellent interobserver and intra‐observer agreement beyond LAA PLS and LAA NLS.ConclusionThe novel LAA strain parameters, which were feasible and reproducible parameters for evaluation LAA mechanic function, had good predictive accuracy for blood flow stasis in LAA beyond conventional LAA functional parameters.
Humoral and cellular immune responses after three or four doses of BNT162b2 in patients with hematological malignancies
Authors: Heftdal Line Dam , Hamm Sebastian Rask , Pérez‐Alós Laura , Madsen Johannes Roth , Armenteros Jose Juan Almagro , Fogh Kamille , Kronborg Christoffer Cronwald , Vallentin Anders Pommer , Hasselbalch Rasmus Bo , Møller Dina Leth , Hansen Cecilie Bo , Pries‐Heje Mia , Gang Anne Ortved , Ostrowski Sisse Rye , Frikke‐Schmidt Ruth , Sørensen Erik , Hilsted Linda , Bundgaard Henning , Iversen Kasper , Garred Peter , Nielsen Susanne Dam , Grønbæk Kirsten 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectivesInitial responses to coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination are impaired in patients with hematological malignancies. We investigated immune responses after three or four doses of BNT162b2 in patients with myeloid and lymphoid malignancies compared to controls, and identified risk factors for humoral and cellular nonresponse 1 year after first vaccination.MethodsIn 407 hematological patients (45 myeloid, 362 lymphoid) and 98 matched controls, we measured immunoglobulin G (IgG) and neutralizing antibodies specific for the receptor‐binding domain of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) at baseline, 3 weeks, 2, 6, and 12 months, and interferon‐γ release at 12 months.ResultsIn patients with lymphoid malignancies, SARS‐CoV‐2 receptor‐binding domain IgG concentration and mean neutralizing capacity was lower than in controls at all time points. A diagnosis of chronic lymphocytic B‐cell leukemia (CLL) or lymphoma was associated with humoral nonresponse at 12 months compared to having multiple myeloma/amyloidosis (p < .001 and p = .013). Compared to controls, patients with lymphoid malignancies had increased risk of cellular nonresponse. A lymphoma diagnosis was associated with lower risk of cellular nonresponse compared to patients with multiple myeloma/amyloidosis, while patients with CLL had comparable response rates to patients with multiple myeloma/amyloidosis (p = .037 and p = .280).ConclusionsIn conclusion, long‐term humoral and cellular immune responses to BNT162b2 were impaired in patients with lymphoid malignancies.
Ambient and substrate energy influence decomposer diversity differentially across trophic levels
Authors: Kriegel Peter , Vogel Sebastian , Angeleri Romain , Baldrian Petr , Borken Werner , Bouget Christophe , Brin Antoine , Bussler Heinz , Cocciufa Cristiana , Feldmann Benedikt , Gossner Martin M. , Haeler Elena , Hagge Jonas , Hardersen Sönke , Hartmann Henrik , Hjältén Joakim , Kotowska Martyna M. , Lachat Thibault , Larrieu Laurent , Leverkus Alexandro B. , Macagno Anna L. M. , Mitesser Oliver , Müller Jörg , Obermaier Elisabeth , Parisi Francesco , Pelz Stefan , Schuldt Bernhard , Seibold Sebastian , Stengel Elisa , Sverdrup‐Thygeson Anne , Weisser Wolfgang , Thorn Simon 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe species‐energy hypothesis predicts increasing biodiversity with increasing energy in ecosystems. Proxies for energy availability are often grouped into ambient energy (i.e., solar radiation) and substrate energy (i.e., non‐structural carbohydrates or nutritional content). The relative importance of substrate energy is thought to decrease with increasing trophic level from primary consumers to predators, with reciprocal effects of ambient energy. Yet, empirical tests are lacking. We compiled data on 332,557 deadwood‐inhabiting beetles of 901 species reared from wood of 49 tree species across Europe. Using host‐phylogeny‐controlled models, we show that the relative importance of substrate energy versus ambient energy decreases with increasing trophic levels: the diversity of zoophagous and mycetophagous beetles was determined by ambient energy, while non‐structural carbohydrate content in woody tissues determined that of xylophagous beetles. Our study thus overall supports the species‐energy hypothesis and specifies that the relative importance of ambient temperature increases with increasing trophic level with opposite effects for substrate energy.
Improved automatic identification of isolated rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder with a 3D time‐of‐flight camera
Authors: Cesari Matteo , Ruzicka Laurenz , Högl Birgit , Ibrahim Abubaker , Holzknecht Evi , Heidbreder Anna , Bergmann Melanie , Brandauer Elisabeth , Garn Heinrich , Kohn Bernhard , Stefani Ambra 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackground and purposeAutomatic 3D video analysis of the lower body during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep has been recently proposed as a novel tool for identifying people with isolated REM sleep behavior disorder (iRBD), but, so far, it has not been validated on unseen subjects. This study aims at validating this technology in a large cohort and at improving its performances by also including an analysis of movements in the head, hands and upper body.MethodsFifty‐three people with iRBD and 128 people without RBD (of whom 89 had sleep disorders considered RBD differential diagnoses) were included in the study. An automatic algorithm identified movements from 3D videos during REM sleep in four regions of interest (ROIs): head, hands, upper body and lower body. The movements were divided into categories according to duration: short (0.1–2 s), medium (2–15 s) and long (15–300 s). For each ROI and duration range, features were obtained from the identified movements. Logistic regression models using as predictors the features from one single ROI or a combination of ROIs were trained and tested in a 10‐runs 10‐fold cross‐validation scheme on the task of differentiating people with iRBD from people without RBD.ResultsThe best differentiation was achieved using short movements in all four ROIs (test accuracy 0.866 ± 0.007, test F1 score = 0.783 ± 0.010). Single group analyses showed that people with iRBD were distinguished successfully from subjects with RBD differential diagnoses.ConclusionsAutomatic 3D video analysis might be implemented in clinical routine as a supportive screening tool for identifying people with RBD.
Clinical response following hypertension induction for clinical delayed cerebral ischemia following subarachnoid hemorrhage: A retrospective, multicenter, cohort study
Authors: Tjerkstra Maud A. , Müller Marcella C. A. , Coert Bert A. , Hoefnagels Friso W. A. , Vergouwen Mervyn D. I. , van Vliet Peter , Ooms Lizzy , Rinkel Gabriël J. E. , Slooter Arjen J. C. , Moojen Wouter A. , Jellema Korné , Vandertop W. Peter , Verbaan Dagmar 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundHypertension induction (HTI) is often used for treating delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH); however, high‐quality studies on its efficacy are lacking. We studied immediate and 3−/6‐month clinical efficacy of HTI in aSAH patients with clinical DCI.MethodsA retrospective, multicenter, comparative, observational cohort study in aSAH patients with clinical deterioration due to DCI, admitted to three tertiary referral hospitals in the Netherlands from 2015 to 2019. Two hospitals used a strategy of HTI (HTI group) and one hospital had no such strategy (control group). We calculated adjusted relative risks (aRR) using Poisson regression analyses for the two primary (clinical improvement of DCI symptoms at days 1 and 5 after DCI onset) and secondary outcomes (DCI‐related cerebral infarction, in‐hospital mortality, and poor clinical outcome [modified Rankin Scale 4–6] assessed at 3 or 6 months), using the intention‐to‐treat principle. We also performed as‐treated and per‐protocol analyses.ResultsThe aRR for clinical improvement on day 1 after DCI in the HTI group was 1.63 (95% CI 1.17–2.27) and at day 5 after DCI 1.04 (95% CI 0.84–1.29). Secondary outcomes were comparable between the groups. The as‐treated and per‐protocol analyses yielded similar results.ConclusionsNo clinical benefit of HTI is observed 5 days after DCI due to spontaneous reversal of DCI symptoms in patients treated without HTI. The 3−/6‐month clinical outcome was similar for both groups. Therefore, these data suggest that one may consider to not apply HTI in aSAH patients with clinical DCI.
Risk of myocardial infarction in Parkinson's disease: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Nabizadeh Fardin , Valizadeh Parya , Sharifi Parisa , Zafari Rasa , Mirmosayyeb Omid 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackground and purposePrevious studies investigating cardiovascular disorders in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) showed heterogeneous results regarding whether there is a higher or lower risk of myocardial infarction (MI) in these patients compared to the general population. Because of the inconsistency in findings, herein the aim was to perform a systematic review and meta‐analysis to investigate the risk of MI in patients with PD.MethodsA comprehensive literature search was performed using four databases, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and Embase, in June 2022. Peer‐reviewed observational studies comprising case–controls, cohort, cross‐sectional and longitudinal studies that reported MI in the PD population were included.ResultsAfter the screening, 20 studies with a total of 80,441 patients with PD and 802,857 controls were included in our qualitative and quantitative synthesis. The pooled estimated odds ratio for MI in PD patients compared to controls was 0.80 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.56–1.05) which indicates that there is no association. The pooled prevalence of MI was 5% (95% CI 3%–7%) with a range of 1%–20% amongst patients with PD. The men (6%, 95% CI 1%–13%) and women (6%, 95% CI 1%–14%, Q = 29.27, I2 = 98.50%, p < 0.001) had similar MI prevalence.ConclusionThis comprehensive systematic review and meta‐analysis provide compelling evidence that PD is associated with a reduced risk of MI. Whilst the exact mechanism underlying this association remains to be fully elucidated, it is clear that certain risk factors for cardiac events appear to be less present in PD patients, which may serve as a protective factor. However, given the reports of increased risk for cerebrovascular events in PD patients, it is possible that the major risk factors for MI and cardiovascular accidents in this population differ. These findings have important implications for clinical management and further research in this area is warranted.
Characterizing the treatment gap in the United States among adult patients with a new diagnosis of epilepsy
Authors: Decker Barbara M. , Ellis Colin A. , Schriver Emily , Fischbein Kelly , Smith Debbie , Moyer Jason T. , Kulick‐Soper Catherine V. , Mowery Danielle , Litt Brian , Hill Chloe E. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveEpilepsy is largely a treatable condition with antiseizure medication (ASM). Recent national administrative claims data suggest one third of newly diagnosed adult epilepsy patients remain untreated 3 years after diagnosis. We aimed to quantify and characterize this treatment gap within a large US academic health system leveraging the electronic health record for enriched clinical detail.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study evaluated the proportion of adult patients in the health system from 2012 to 2020 who remained untreated 3 years after initial epilepsy diagnosis. To identify incident epilepsy, we applied validated administrative health data criteria of two encounters for epilepsy/seizures and/or convulsions, and we required no ASM prescription preceding the first encounter. Engagement with the health system at least 2 years before and at least 3 years after diagnosis was required. Among subjects who met administrative data diagnosis criteria, we manually reviewed medical records for a subset of 240 subjects to verify epilepsy diagnosis, confirm treatment status, and elucidate reason for nontreatment. These results were applied to estimate the proportion of the full cohort with untreated epilepsy.ResultsOf 831 patients who were automatically classified as having incident epilepsy by inclusion criteria, 80 (10%) remained untreated 3 years after incident epilepsy diagnosis. Manual chart review of incident epilepsy classification revealed only 33% (78/240) had true incident epilepsy. We found untreated patients were more frequently misclassified (p < .001). Using corrected counts, we extrapolated to the full cohort (831) and estimated <1%–3% had true untreated epilepsy.SignificanceWe found a substantially lower proportion of patients with newly diagnosed epilepsy remained untreated compared to previous estimates from administrative data analysis. Manual chart review revealed patients were frequently misclassified as having incident epilepsy, particularly patients who were not treated with an ASM. Administrative data analyses utilizing only diagnosis codes may misclassify patients as having incident epilepsy.
Flexible, high‐resolution cortical arrays with large coverage capture microscale high‐frequency oscillations in patients with epilepsy
Authors: Barth Katrina J. , Sun James , Chiang Chia‐Han , Qiao Shaoyu , Wang Charles , Rahimpour Shervin , Trumpis Michael , Duraivel Suseendrakumar , Dubey Agrita , Wingel Katie E. , Voinas Alex E. , Ferrentino Breonna , Doyle Werner , Southwell Derek G. , Haglund Michael M. , Vestal Matthew , Harward Stephen C. , Solzbacher Florian , Devore Sasha , Devinsky Orrin , Friedman Daniel , Pesaran Bijan , Sinha Saurabh R. , Cogan Gregory B. , Blanco Justin , Viventi Jonathan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveEffective surgical treatment of drug‐resistant epilepsy depends on accurate localization of the epileptogenic zone (EZ). High‐frequency oscillations (HFOs) are potential biomarkers of the EZ. Previous research has shown that HFOs often occur within submillimeter areas of brain tissue and that the coarse spatial sampling of clinical intracranial electrode arrays may limit the accurate capture of HFO activity. In this study, we sought to characterize microscale HFO activity captured on thin, flexible microelectrocorticographic (μECoG) arrays, which provide high spatial resolution over large cortical surface areas.MethodsWe used novel liquid crystal polymer thin‐film μECoG arrays (.76–1.72‐mm intercontact spacing) to capture HFOs in eight intraoperative recordings from seven patients with epilepsy. We identified ripple (80–250 Hz) and fast ripple (250–600 Hz) HFOs using a common energy thresholding detection algorithm along with two stages of artifact rejection. We visualized microscale subregions of HFO activity using spatial maps of HFO rate, signal‐to‐noise ratio, and mean peak frequency. We quantified the spatial extent of HFO events by measuring covariance between detected HFOs and surrounding activity. We also compared HFO detection rates on microcontacts to simulated macrocontacts by spatially averaging data.ResultsWe found visually delineable subregions of elevated HFO activity within each μECoG recording. Forty‐seven percent of HFOs occurred on single 200‐μm‐diameter recording contacts, with minimal high‐frequency activity on surrounding contacts. Other HFO events occurred across multiple contacts simultaneously, with covarying activity most often limited to a .95‐mm radius. Through spatial averaging, we estimated that macrocontacts with 2–3‐mm diameter would only capture 44% of the HFOs detected in our μECoG recordings.SignificanceThese results demonstrate that thin‐film microcontact surface arrays with both highresolution and large coverage accurately capture microscale HFO activity and may improve the utility of HFOs to localize the EZ for treatment of drug‐resistant epilepsy.
Spatial transcriptomics in human skin research
Authors: Tekkela Stavroula , Theocharidis Georgios , McGrath John A. , Onoufriadis Alexandros 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSpatial transcriptomics is a revolutionary technique that enables researchers to characterise tissue architecture and localisation of gene expression. A plethora of technologies that map gene expression are currently being developed, aiming to facilitate spatially resolved, high‐dimensional assessment of gene transcription in the context of human skin research. Knowing which gene is expressed by which cell and in which location within skin, facilitates understanding of skin function and dysfunction in both health and disease. In this review, we summarise the available spatial transcriptomic methods and we describe their application to a broad spectrum of dermatological diseases.