bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Artificial intelligence and heart failure: A state‐of‐the‐art review
Authors: Khan Muhammad Shahzeb , Arshad Muhammad Sameer , Greene Stephen J. , Van Spall Harriette G.C. , Pandey Ambarish , Vemulapalli Sreekanth , Perakslis Eric , Butler Javed 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHeart failure (HF) is a heterogeneous syndrome affecting more than 60 million individuals globally. Despite recent advancements in understanding of the pathophysiology of HF, many issues remain including residual risk despite therapy, understanding the pathophysiology and phenotypes of patients with HF and preserved ejection fraction, and the challenges related to integrating a large amount of disparate information available for risk stratification and management of these patients. Risk prediction algorithms based on artificial intelligence (AI) may have superior predictive ability compared to traditional methods in certain instances. AI algorithms can play a pivotal role in the evolution of HF care by facilitating clinical decision making to overcome various challenges such as allocation of treatment to patients who are at highest risk or are more likely to benefit from therapies, prediction of adverse outcomes, and early identification of patients with subclinical disease or worsening HF. With the ability to integrate and synthesize large amounts of data with multidimensional interactions, AI algorithms can supply information with which physicians can improve their ability to make timely and better decisions. In this review, we provide an overview of the AI algorithms that have been developed for establishing early diagnosis of HF, phenotyping HF with preserved ejection fraction, and stratifying HF disease severity. This review also discusses the challenges in clinical deployment of AI algorithms in HF, and the potential path forward for developing future novel learning‐based algorithms to improve HF care.
Toll‐like receptors and IL‐7 as potential biomarkers for immune‐mediated necrotizing myopathies
Authors: Cappelletti Cristina , Brugnoni Raffaella , Bonanno Silvia , Andreetta Francesca , Salerno Franco , Canioni Eleonora , Vattemi Gaetano Nicola Alfio , Tonin Paola , Mantegazza Renato , Maggi Lorenzo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe aimed to verify whether the immune system may represent a source of potential biomarkers for the stratification of immune‐mediated necrotizing myopathies (IMNMs) subtypes. A group of 22 patients diagnosed with IMNM [7 with autoantibodies against signal recognition particle (SRP) and 15 against 3‐hydroxy‐3‐methyl‐glutaryl‐coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR)] and 12 controls were included. A significant preponderance of M1 macrophages was observed in both SRP+ and HMGCR+ muscle samples (p < 0.0001 in SRP+ and p = 0.0316 for HMGCR+), with higher values for SRP+ (p = 0.01). Despite the significant increase observed in the expression of TLR4 and all endosomal Toll‐like receptors (TLRs) at protein level in IMNM muscle tissue, only TLR7 has been shown considerably upregulated compared to controls at transcript level (p = 0.0026), whereas TLR9 was even decreased (p = 0.0223). Within IMNM subgroups, TLR4 (p = 0.0116) mRNA was significantly increased in SRP+ compared to HMGCR+ patients. Within IMNM group, only IL‐7 was differentially expressed between SRP+ and HMGCR+ patients, with higher values in SRP+ patients (p = 0.0468). Overall, innate immunity represents a key player in pathological mechanisms of IMNM. TLR4 and the inflammatory cytokine IL‐7 represent potential immune biomarkers able to differentiate between SRP+ and HMGCR+ patients.
Hazard‐consistent simulated earthquake ground motions for PBEE applications on stiff soil and rock sites
Authors: Alvarez‐Sanchez Luis Guillermo , Iñárritu Pablo García de Quevedo , Šipčić Nevena , Kohrangi Mohsen , Bazzurro Paolo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractGround motion record selection is a standard step in state‐of‐the‐art performance‐based earthquake engineering (PBEE) applications. It links the structural response to seismic hazard of the site of interest. In this process, suites of hazard‐consistent ground motion recordings of a wide range of intensity levels are selected (and often scaled) from a database of ground motions to be used as input to nonlinear dynamic response analysis. The ideal practice would be to select ground motions from a database of recorded accelerograms in such a way that they are consistent with the seismic hazard at as many intensity measure (IM) levels as possible and for all important causative scenarios. However, the available databases are not heavily populated, especially for the large‐magnitude short‐distance scenarios. Therefore, synthetic ground motions are the natural candidates to enlarge the database of recordings for scenarios that are important to the site hazard but lack, completely or partially, recorded accelerograms. The usage of such recordings, however, can be recommended only after they are proven to be “realistic” through a battery of seismological and statistical tests. In this study, we propose and implement a multi‐fold testing framework for such an evaluation. We first generate a ground motion database of simulated ground motions (SDB) whose values of the parameters of the causative earthquakes are, to the extent possible, the same of those that caused the ground motions in a mirror database of recorded ground motions (RDB). We then utilize the conditional spectrum (CS) approach computed for a hypothetical rock site in Perugia, Italy, to select hazard consistent records separately from the RDB and SDB databases. A comprehensive set of comparisons of distributions of several IMs, computed from the selected sets, and of distributions of engineering demand parameters (EDPs), that such record sets induce on simple SDoF structures suggests the adequacy of using the proposed simulated ground motions for structural response analyses of structures on stiff and rock sites.
The role of alcohol extract of cranberry in improving serum indices of experimental metaproterenol‐induced heart damage in rats
Authors: Salmasi Kimia , Hassanpour Ali , Amouoghli Tabrizi Bahram , Moghaddam Sina 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCranberry offers numerous cardiovascular benefits. According to several studies, this fruit promotes the oxidation of low‐density lipoprotein, enhances high‐density lipoprotein, reduces platelet coagulation, and improves vascular activity. Albino male rats were divided into five groups (n = 5 per group). The control group received intraperitoneal administration of normal saline. The second group was injected with metaproterenol (MET) 3 days a week for 4 weeks. The third, fourth, and fifth groups were given cranberry extract in doses of 75, 100, and 150, respectively, along with heart‐damaging drugs. Blood samples were collected and sent to the laboratory on the fourth weekend and 1 week after completing the injections in the fourth week (the sixth weekend) for analyzing serum factors such as cardiac creatine kinase MB, cardiac troponin I (cTnI), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). The serum activity of the cardiac evaluation parameters in the fourth week demonstrated a highly significant correlation among the groups with respect to AST and cTnI (p < .001). Additionally, a significant relationship was observed between AST and cTnI within the target groups (p < .05). Ultimately, the findings indicated that the consumption of cranberry extract, due to its impact on heart function, could effectively modify serum indicators associated with heart damage. The utilized extract also exhibited efficacy, albeit with variable effects. Therefore, it is recommended to use cranberry extract synergistically with other chemical and herbal medications to achieve more sustained effects.
A framework for immunofluorescence image augmentation and classification based on unsupervised attention mechanism
Authors: Wang Ziyi , Zhang Qing , Wang Yan , Zhu Min , Li Qingli 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAutoimmune encephalitis (AE) is a common neurological disorder. As a standard method for neuroautoantibody detection, pathologists use tissue matrix assays (TBA) for initial disease screening. In this study, microscopic fluorescence imaging was combined with deep learning to improve AE diagnostic accuracy. Due to the inter‐class imbalance of medical data, we propose an innovative generative adversarial network supplemented with attention mechanisms to highlight key regions in images to synthesize high‐quality fluorescence images. However, securing annotated medical data is both time‐consuming and costly. To circumvent this problem, we employ a self‐supervised learning approach that utilizes unlabeled fluorescence data to support downstream classification tasks. To better understand the fluorescence properties in the data, we introduce a multichannel input convolutional neural network that adds additional channels of fluorescence intensity. This study builds an AE immunofluorescence dataset and obtains the classification accuracy of 88.5% using our method, thus confirming the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Inflammatory signal transduction pathways induced by prilocaine toxicity in cultured ARPE‐19 cells
Authors: Öztüzün Aleyna , Çeker Tuğçe , Yılmaz Çağatay , Aslan Mutay 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPrilocaine (PRL) is a common local anesthetic. Despite the successful use of regional anesthesia for intraocular surgery, there are associated side effects that may affect the retina in case of accidental intravitreal injection. This study examined the signal transduction pathways activated by PRL toxicity and determined the protective role of nitric oxide synthase‐2 (NOS2) inhibition in cultured human‐derived retinal pigment epithelial cells (ARPE‐19). Toxicity analysis was performed using the 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay to detect the toxic dose of PRL and protective effectiveness of asperglaucide (ASP), an NOS2 inhibitor. Nuclear factor kappa B p65 (NF‐κB p65), phosphorylated NF‐κB p65, phospho‐protein kinase B (AKT), NOS2, nitrotyrosine, and cleaved caspase‐3 protein levels were evaluated by immunofluorescence staining and/or western blot analysis. Interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) and nitrated protein levels were quantified using an immunoassay, whereas caspase‐3 activity and nitrite/nitrate levels were measured using a fluorometric method. A significant increase in NF‐κB p65, and phosphorylated NF‐κB p65 and AKT levels due to PRL toxicity was observed. Similarly, IL‐6, NOS2, nitrite/nitrate, and nitrotyrosine levels were significantly higher in PRL‐treated cells than in control cells. Application of ASP to PRL‐treated cells reduced NF‐κB p65, and phosphorylated NF‐κB p65 and AKT to basal levels. IL‐6, NOS2, nitrite/nitrate, and nitrotyrosine levels also considerably decreased following ASP treatment in cells experiencing PRL‐induced toxicity. Moreover, the caspase‐3‐dependent apoptotic pathway was not activated. Our results indicate that ASP could ameliorate PRL‐induced activation of NF‐κB p65 that led to inflammation in cultured ARPE‐19 cells.
MiR‐222‐3p suppresses C2C12 myoblast proliferation and differentiation via the inhibition of IRS‐1/PI3K/Akt pathway
Authors: Wei Xiaofang , Wang Juan , Sun Yaqin , Zhao Tong , Luo Xiaomao , Lu Jiayin , Hou Wei , Yu Xiuju , Xue Linli , Yan Yi , Wang Haidong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractNumerous studies have revealed the profound impact of microRNAs on regulating skeletal muscle development and regeneration. However, the biological function and regulation mechanism of miR‐222‐3p in skeletal muscle remains largely unknown. In this study, miR‐222‐3p was found to be abundantly expressed in the impaired skeletal muscles, indicating that it might have function in the development and regeneration process of the skeletal muscle. MiR‐222‐3p overexpression impeded C2C12 myoblast proliferation and myogenic differentiation, whereas inhibition of miR‐222‐3p got the opposite results. The dual‐luciferase reporter assay showed that insulin receptor substrate‐1 (IRS‐1) was the target gene of miR‐222‐3p. We next found that knockdown of IRS‐1 could obviously suppress C2C12 myoblast proliferation and differentiation. Additionally, miR‐222‐3p‐induced repression of myoblast proliferation and differentiation was verified to be associated with a decrease in phosphoinositide 3‐kinase (PI3K)‐Akt signaling. Overall, we demonstrated that miR‐222‐3p inhibited C2C12 cells myogenesis via IRS‐1/PI3K/Akt pathway. Therefore, miR‐222‐3p may be used as a therapeutic target for alleviating muscle loss caused by inherited and nonhereditary diseases.
A bibliometric comparison of undergraduate and postgraduate endodontic education publications: The topics, trends, and challenges
Authors: Zhang Jinglan , Liu Xiaowei , Yang Lei , Wang Yiran , Huang Dingming , Tan Xuelian 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectivesThis study employs bibliometric analysis to compare knowledge units and main topics in undergraduate and postgraduate endodontic education, aiming to identify similarities, differences, and connections. The insights gained are expected to inform the future of two‐stage education to enhance continuity, highlighting evolving trends, challenges, and development directions.MethodsCitation data were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collections (WOSCC) database and non‐WOSCC databases with two separate search formulas. VOSviewer and CiteSpace were used to analyze the distribution of research by publication years, citation‐sources, co‐authorship network of authors and countries, and clusters of keywords.ResultsThe focus on undergraduate education preceded postgraduate education by nearly a decade. The United Kingdom has emerged as the most prominent contributor to endodontic literature at both levels, with theInternational Endodontic Journalrepresenting the most voluminous and cited resource in this domain. Dummer is recognized as the most prolific author in undergraduate endodontic education, while Gulabivala spearheads the most extensive cluster of postgraduate education. Keywords clustering analysis reveals that undergraduate education places greater emphasis on fundamental knowledge, while postgraduate education concentrates more on clinical practice. Descriptive analyses from non‐WOSCC databases align with the topics and findings from WOSCC‐based bibliometric analysis.ConclusionThis bibliometric analysis revealed the emphasis on fundamental knowledge and teaching techniques at the undergraduate level versus advanced clinical knowledge and techniques at the postgraduate level, which originated from different learning aims and contexts. Updating the curriculum to meet the latest practices and innovations is crucial for aligning learning objectives with current and future needs, and the connection between the two levels remains a central challenge in endodontic education.
Dysfunctional Epithelial Barrier Is Characterized by Reduced E‐Cadherin in Idiopathic Subglottic Stenosis
Authors: Berges Alexandra J. , Ospino Rafael , Mafla Laura , Collins Samuel , Chan‐Li Yee , Ghosh Baishakhi , Sidhaye Venkataramana , Lina Ioan , Hillel Alexander T. 
Published: August 2023

ObjectivesTo aim of the study was to characterize the molecular profile and functional phenotype of idiopathic subglottic stenosis (iSGS)‐scar epithelium.MethodsHuman tracheal biopsies from iSGS scar (n = 6) and matched non‐scar (n = 6) regions were analyzed using single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐seq). Separate specimens were used for epithelial cell expansion in vitro to assess average growth rate and functional capabilities using transepithelial‐electrical resistance (TEER), fluorescein isothiocyanate‐dextran flux permeability assay, ciliary coverage, and cilia beating frequency (CBF). Finally, epithelial tight junction protein expression of cultured cells was quantified using immunoblot assay (n = 4) and immunofluorescence (n = 6).ResultsscRNA‐seq analysis revealed a decrease in goblet, ciliated, and basal epithelial cells in the scar iSGS cohort. Furthermore, mRNA expression of proteins E‐cadherin, claudin‐3, claudin‐10, occludin, TJP1, and TJP2 was also reduced (p < 0.001) in scar epithelium. Functional assays demonstrated a decrease in TEER (paired 95% confidence interval [CI], 195.68–890.83 Ω × cm2, p < 0.05), an increase in permeability (paired 95% CI, −6116.00 to −1401.99 RFU, p < 0.05), and reduced epithelial coverage (paired 95% CI, 0.1814–1.766, fold change p < 0.05) in iSGS‐scar epithelium relative to normal controls. No difference in growth rate (p < 0.05) or CBF was found (paired 95% CI, −2.118 to 3.820 Hz, p > 0.05). Immunoblot assay (paired 95% CI, 0.0367–0.605, p < 0.05) and immunofluorescence (paired 95% CI, 13.748–59.191 mean grey value, p < 0.05) revealed E‐cadherin reduction in iSGS‐scar epithelium.ConclusioniSGS‐scar epithelium has a dysfunctional barrier and reduced structural protein expression. These results are consistent with dysfunctional epithelium seen in other airway pathology. Further studies are warranted to delineate the causality of epithelial dysfunction on the downstream fibroinflammatory cascade in iSGS.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 134:374–381, 2024
Effects of creep age forming time on microstructure and high cyclic fatigue of 7075 aluminum alloy
Authors: Yang D. L. , Li R. J. , Miao J. J. , Zhang. H. X. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this paper, the hardness, ultimate tensile strength, yield strength, elongation E100, S−N curves, and fatigue performance of 7075 aluminum alloy were obtained after aged at 170 °C for different times (10 h, 15 h, and 20 h). Additionally, the microstructure and fatigue fracture of the alloy were observed. The investigation results show that as the forming time increased, the hardness, ultimate tensile strength, and yield strength decreased, the elongation first decreased, then increased, and the fatigue limit increased. As the forming time increased, the metastable phase gradually transformed into a steady phase and coarsened, the width of precipitate free zone increased, and the width of the fatigue strip decreased. After creep age forming for 20 h, the precipitate free zone was the widest, approximately 100 nm.
Advanced hardware test methods for wheel‐ and chassis fasteners for e–mobility
Authors: Koch D. , Teitscheid K. , Hinnecke L. , Kowalski T. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDie derzeitige Entwicklung hin zu elektrifizierten Fahrzeugen führt in vielen Fällen zu einem Anstieg der allgemeinen Belastungssituation von Fahrwerkskomponenten sowie auch deren Verbindungselementen. Radverschraubungen werden hier beispielsweise mit erhöhten dynamischen Belastungen konfrontiert, welche die quasistatische Vorspannungssituation überlagern und für Ausfälle der Verbindungsstelle ursächlich sein können. Diese Anhebung der Lastsituation wird beispielsweise durch höhere Achslasten, Rad‐Reifen‐Dimensionen, bessere Reifenperformance sowie schwerpunktbedingt höhere maximale Kurvenlasten verursacht. Um Ausfälle von Verbindungselementen auch in Zukunft zu verhindern, werden in diesem Beitrag neue Mess‐ und Analyseverfahren vorgestellt, die eine genaue und vollständige Überprüfung aller überlagerten dynamischen Nennspannungen (unter Vernachlässigung der überhöhten Kerbspannungen) ermöglichen, welche durch dynamische Axial‐ und Biegebelastungen an der kritischen Versagensstelle eines Verbindungselements verursacht werden. Um eine entsprechende Schadensakkumulation zu ermöglichen, werden lastspezifische Bauteilwöhlerkurven benötigt. Ein detailliertes Verständnis der auftretenden Belastungen am Verbindungselement erhöht die Sicherheit gegenüber Ausfällen für alle Fahrwerksverschraubungen, sofern diese Lasten bereits im frühen Stadium eines Entwicklungsprozesses bekannt sind und berücksichtigt werden.
Identification and validation of DNA methylation‐driven gene PCDHB4 as a novel tumor suppressor for glioblastoma diagnosis and prognosis
Authors: Huang Hao , Xie Yilin , Chen Xi , Zhang Dongdong , Zhang Xueying , Deng Ying , Huang Zhicong , Bi Haoran , Hu Xing , Yan Xiangwei , Liang Hongsheng , Lv Zhonghua , Sun Xizhuo , Zhang Ming , Hu Dongsheng , Hu Fulan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAberrant DNA methylation is a critical regulator of gene expression in the development and progression of glioblastoma (GBM). However, the impact of methylation‐driven gene PCDHB4 changes on GBM occurrence and progression remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the PCDHB4 gene for early diagnosis and prognostic evaluation and clarify its functional role in GBM. Methylation‐driven gene PCDHB4 was selected for GBM using the multi‐omics integration method based on publicly available data sets. The diagnostic capabilities of PCDHB4 methylation and 5‐hydroxymethylcytosines were validated in tissue and blood cell‐free DNA (cfDNA) samples, respectively. Combined survival analysis of PCDHB4 methylation and immune infiltration cells evaluated the prognostic predictive performance of GBM patients. We identified that the PCDHB4 gene achieved high discriminative capabilities for GBM and normal tissues with an area under the curve value of 0.941. PCDHB4 hypermethylation was observed in cfDNA blood samples from GBM patients. Compared with GBM patients with PCDHB4 hypermethylation level, patients with PCDHB4 hypomethylation level had significantly poorer overall survival (p = 0.035). In addition, GBM patients with PCDHB4 hypermethylation and high infiltration of CD4+ T cell activation level had a favorable survival (p = 0.026). Moreover, we demonstrated that mRNA expression of PCDHB4 was downregulated in GBM tissues and upregulated in GBM cell lines with PCDHB4 demethylation, and PCDHB4 overexpression inhibited GBM cell proliferation and migration. In summary, we discovered a novel methylation‐driven gene PCDHB4 for the diagnosis and prognosis of GBM and demonstrated that PCDHB4 is a tumor suppressor in vitro experiments.
External environment uncertainty, key resources acquisition, and corporate technological innovation
Authors: Xu Weifeng , Liu Chang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study investigates the impact of external environmental uncertainty on technological innovation from the perspective of key resource acquisition. Using data from A‐share listed companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen stock markets from 2008 to 2019, we empirically test the relationship between external environmental uncertainty faced by firms and technological innovation input and output. Our findings reveal that external environmental uncertainty has a negative impact on the input and output of corporate technological innovation. In addition, key resource acquisition, namely, capital resource acquisition and information resource acquisition, plays a mediating role in this relationship. As an asset for obtaining resources, corporate social capital is a crucial means for firms to obtain external resources. This study further incorporates corporate social capital into the analysis, which shows that corporate social capital plays a positive moderating role in the impact of external environmental uncertainty on corporate technological innovation. Furthermore, research shows that compared with nonhigh‐tech industry firms, the technological innovation of high‐tech industry firms is more sensitive to external environmental uncertainty.