bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Piccolino is required for ribbon architecture at cochlear inner hair cell synapses and for hearing
Authors: Michanski Susann , Kapoor Rohan , Steyer Anna M , Möbius Wiebke , Früholz Iris , Ackermann Frauke , Gültas Mehmet , Garner Craig C , Hamra F Kent , Neef Jakob , Strenzke Nicola , Moser Tobias , Wichmann Carolin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCochlear inner hair cells (IHCs) form specialized ribbon synapses with spiral ganglion neurons that tirelessly transmit sound information at high rates over long time periods with extreme temporal precision. This functional specialization is essential for sound encoding and is attributed to a distinct molecular machinery with unique players or splice variants compared to conventional neuronal synapses. Among these is the active zone (AZ) scaffold protein piccolo/aczonin, which is represented by its short splice variant piccolino at cochlear and retinal ribbon synapses. While the function of piccolo at synapses of the central nervous system has been intensively investigated, the role of piccolino at IHC synapses remains unclear. In this study, we characterize the structure and function of IHC synapses in piccolo gene‐trap mutant rats (Pclogt/gt). We find a mild hearing deficit with elevated thresholds and reduced amplitudes of auditory brainstem responses. Ca2+channel distribution and ribbon morphology are altered in apical IHCs, while their presynaptic function seems to be unchanged. We conclude that piccolino contributes to the AZ organization in IHCs and is essential for normal hearing.
The use of communicative activities for developing speaking skills of students at english lessons
Authors: Shevelova-Harkusha Natalia 
Published: July 2023

This article is devoted to the issue of the use of communicative activities for the development of speaking skills of students in the university. It was established, that the intensification of the educational process requires the search and use of new forms, methods and technologies of teaching and learning, means of supporting students' interest in the material and activation of their cognitive activity. Thus, one of the urgent problems of modern methods of teaching foreign languages ​​is the organization of the teaching process for students of different age groups with the help of a communicative approach. The article mentions various types and subtypes of conditionally communicative and fully communicative activities, which are most commonly used to teach students speaking foreign language. The article also defines the features and the means of using certain types of speech activities, in particular, reproductive exercises, which include: 1) retelling, 2) abbreviated and selective retelling, 3) retelling-translation, 4) dramatization, 5) creative retelling. As for responsive activities, they include: 1) question-and-answer exercises, 2) replica exercises, 3) free conversation. Among the productive activities, we highlight the following: situational activities that combine 1) solving problem situations, 2) imaginary situations, 3) role-playing. Descriptive activities include various types of descriptions. The article also talks about the advantages of discussion activities, mainly 1) educational discussion, 2) commenting, 3) situational discussions, as well as compositional activities and press conferences. The article states that during the performance of communicative activities, the work should be aimed at involving students into communicatively oriented activities regarding the observation of the phenomena being studied, at revealing the connections and relationships between the means of expressing information, at finding language units for expressing one's own opinion, etc. It was established, that it is also necessary to develop communicative exercises and activities based on real-life material or a model text, which are relevant for students of a certain age, which are interesting, close and understandable for students, which have educational and socio-cultural potential
Household Characteristics and Nutritional Status of Children to Children in Coastal Family in Bengkulu Province
Authors: Yuliantini Emy , Sukiyono Ketut , Sulistyo Bambang , Yuliarso M. Zulkarnain 
Published: July 2023

Coastal areas have a lot of natural wealth potential. The poor nutritional status of children under five in fishing families is greater than in farming families. Family characteristics such as education, knowledge, work and family income are the most important parts in ensuring family food security, so it is necessary to know the characteristics and nutritional status of children under five in coastal families in Bengkulu province. The research method is descriptive analytic with a cross-sectional approach. The sample in this study were mothers who had children under five in the locus and not loci stunting on the coast of Bengkulu province totaling 479. The result of the research is that most of the characteristics of children under five are < 3 years old. Gender is mostly female. Mother's Characteristics Factors are mostly <35 years old, while most of them have high education. Almost all mothers of toddlers do not work. Meanwhile, the majority of family incomes are still below the minimum wage. Of the three indicators of BB/U, TB/U, and BB/TB Bengkulu coastal families have public health problems. The food security factor of food diversity is mostly food security, the analysis of the quantity of food in the medium category and the analysis of the highest food quality are utilized. It is hoped that the characteristics and risk factors for the occurrence of community nutritional problems in children under five in coastal areas are a concern and need further researchers with different research methods.
Protein Quality of Ready to Use Therapeutic Food (RUTF) Bar Product for Children Under Five Years with Severe Acute Malnutrition
Authors: Novia Reni , Setiawan Budi , Marliyati Sri Anna 
Published: July 2023

Produk RUTF (Ready to Use Therapeutic Food) merupakan salah satu produk alternatif yang disarankan oleh WHO dan UNICEF untuk diberikan kepada balita yang mengalami malnutrisi akut berat. Pada pengembangan produk RUTF perlu dipertimbangkan daya terima, kualitas gizi termasuk termasuk kualitas protein dari produk yang dihasilkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kualitas protein produk Ready to Use Therapeutic Food (RUTF) bar untuk balita malnutrisi akut berat. Penelitian ini menggunakan studi eksperimen dengan 2 kali ulangan dan duplo. Analisis yang dilakukan meliputi profil asam amino, daya cerna protein dan perhitungan estimasi nilai PDCAAS (Protein digestibility Corrected Amino Acid Score). PDCAAS merupakan salah satu metode penilaian kualitas protein dalam suatu produk pangan yang dapat dilakukan dengan membandingkan asam amino yang terdapat pada makanan dengan asam amino kebutuhan standar lalu dikalikan dengan daya cerna protein. Hasil analisis profil asam amino menunjukkan skor asam amino pembatas dan estimasi nilai PDCAAS produk masih cukup rendah yaitu masing-masing sebesar 36% dan 34.2%. Hasil ini masih belum memenuhi standar produk RUTF yang dianjurkan oleh WHO dan FAO. Hasil analisis daya cerna protein produk RUTF berbentuk bar tergolong tinggi yaitu sebesar 94.9 ± 0.2 % dan sudah memenuhi standar produk RUTF yang dianjurkan. Perlu penambahan jumlah serealia atau pangan hewani atau whey protein concentrate atau pengolahan pangan menggunakan metode ekstrusi agar kualitas protein produk RUTF bar untuk balita malnutrisi akut berat semakin baik dan memenuhi standar produk RUTF yang direkomendasikan.
Differential effects of environmental conditions on the commercially important attributes and postharvest quality of pomegranate fruit
Authors: Zarei Abdolkarim , Khademi Orang , Erfani-Moghadam Javad 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

To investigate the effects of varying climate conditions on the commercial production and shelf life of pomegranate, the main qualitative characteristics of fruit were compared in two pomegranate varieties in their traditional habitats and a new location. Our results revealed that most fruit traits were influenced by growing zones. Specifically, the content of anthocyanin, red color (a*) in aril and fruit peel, as well as titratable acidity in both varieties were significantly decreased in the new, warmer habitat, while, the antioxidant content experienced a more moderate reduction in the new place. On the other hand, the fruits grown in the new climate had substantially higher maturity index and hardness, as well as L* and b* pigments. However, the two varieties responded differently to traits such as 100 arils fresh weight and total soluble solids. The mineral content of fruit was also affected by growing locations, specifically the Ca level of fruits experienced a significant increment in the new climate. The new habitat improved the postharvest quality of fruits, and substantially lower electrolyte leakage and chilling damages were detected in warmer conditions. Taken together the fruits produced from the warmer region were superior to those obtained in their moderate traditional habitats owing to their long-term cold storage, taste index, and nutrients. These results enhance our knowledge regarding the expression of fruit traits in connection with the environment and can be beneficial for making sound planting decisions and crop improvement programs with the aim of improving the quality and postharvest life of fruit.
Optimizing Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) exposures for effective radiation dose and image quality balance
Authors: Santos Ananda Amaral , Silva Brunno Santos Freitas , Correia Fernanda Ferreira Nunes , Silva Maria Alves Garcia , Freitas Deborah Queiroz , Yamamoto-Silva Fernanda Paula 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Objectives This study aimed to evaluate the influence of different CBCT acquisition protocols on reducing effective radiation dose while maintaining image quality. Materials and Methods The effective dose emitted by a CBCT Picasso Trio® device was calculated using thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs) placed in a Rando Alderson phantom, following the ICRP 103 (2007) guidelines. Image quality was assessed by three experienced evaluators, who examined CBCT images for anatomical structure identification and image quality impressions. The relationship between image quality and confidence was evaluated using Fisher's Exact Test, and the agreement among raters was assessed using the Kappa test. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to investigate whether the technical parameters could predict the effective dose. Results The optimized protocol with 3 mA, 99 kVp, and 450 projection images demonstrated good image quality and a lower effective dose for radiation-sensitive organs. Image quality and confidence had consistent values for all structures (p < .05). The multiple linear regression analysis resulted in a statistically significant model. The mA (b = 0.504; t = 3.406; p = 0.027), kVp (b = 0.589; t = 3.979; p = 0.016), and projection images (b = 0.557; t = 3.762; p = 0.020) were predictors of the effective dose. Conclusions Optimized CBCT acquisition protocols can significantly reduce effective radiation dose while maintaining acceptable image quality by adjusting the mA, projection images, and kVp. Clinical Relevance: These findings can contribute to the optimization of CBCT imaging protocols, allowing clinicians to obtain high-quality images with reduced radiation exposure.
Lithostratigraphy of the southeastern part of the Ethiopian flood basalt province
Authors: Getaw Andualem , Ayalew Dereje , Fontijn Karen 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Fully preserved continental flood basalt stratigraphy provides a perfect window to comprehend the temporal evolution and geological history of plume-related volcanism, since continental flood basalt does not represent a primary magma, detail stratigraphic and phase equilibrium studies offer insight into the fractionation processes and plumbing system of the volcanism that leads to continental flood basalts. This study presents a new flow-by-flow petrographic modal description, major element and stratigraphic framework of Cenozoic rocks from the central part of the southeastern Ethiopian flood basalt province (the Chole section). Based on the petrographic variation and volcanic hiatus marker the section is divided in to: 1) lower flood basalt, 2) middle flood basalt and 3) upper flood basalt. The lower flood basalt is a transitional basalt with quartz-hypersthene and olivine-hypersthene normative alternate with narrow range of MgO (4.8-5.66 wt.%) and SiO2 (47.06-48.88 wt.%). The middle flood basalt is silica undersaturated basalt and plots towards the primitive magma composition with MgO (6.4-12.6 wt.%), whereas the upper flood basalt is quartz-hypersthene normative sub-alkaline tholeiitic basalt with SiO2 (49.73-53.73 wt.%) and MgO (4.16-6.49 wt.%). The Phase assemblage and major element demonstrate that the lower flood basalt in the province experienced low-pressure fractionation involving olivine + plagioclase + clinopyroxene with variable degree of recharge. A transition in modal mineralogy from plagioclase aphyric-phyric lower flood basalt to plagioclase-free olivine-pyroxene phyric middle flood basalt suggests a change in the magma plumbing system. Changes in modal mineralogy, decreasing flow thickness, and periodic eruption in the middle flood basalt are interpreted as the result of a significant decrease in magma production and magmatic flux to the lower and upper stalled magma reservoir. The lower stalled reservoir directly fed the middle flood basalt. The plagioclase aphyric-microcrystalline upper flood basalt results from low-pressure fractionation of olivine + plagioclase + clinopyroxene, and the basalt uncomformably overlies the middle flood basalt, implying changes in the parent magma and plumbing system.
The Role of Hypoxia-inducible Factor-1 in Bladder Cancer
Authors: Chai Jiagui , Yin Sifan , Feng Wenbo , Zhang Tao , Ke Changxing 
Published: July 2023

Abstract:
Bladder cancer (BC) is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide
and poses a significant hazard to human health. During the development of BC, hypoxia
plays a crucial role. Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) is a key transcription factor for
hypoxic adaptation, which regulates the transcription of various genes, including
inflammation, angiogenesis, and glycolytic metabolism. Recent studies have shown the
precise role of HIF in various biological behaviors of BC. More importantly, a new
antitumor medication targeting HIF-2 has been used to treat renal cancer. However,
therapies targeting HIF-1 in BC have not yet been developed. In this review, we
discussed how HIF-1 is expressed and affects the growth, metastasis, and angiogenesis
of BC. At the same time, we investigated several HIF-1 inhibitors that provide new
perspectives for targeting HIF-1.
Examination of the haematological profile of pregnant Polish Holstein-Friesian black-and-white cattle in the early stage
Authors: Wrzecińska Marcjanna , Kowalczyk Alicja , Czerniawska-Piątkowska Ewa , Kordan Władysław , Araujo Jose Pedro 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Cattle health and welfare are monitored via the analysis of the haematological profile, and it shows cattle’s ability to adapt to changing environmental conditions, pregnancy and lactation; profile changes also indicate reproductive disorders. The literature lacks reports of the examination of the haematological profile in cows up to the 50th day of pregnancy (dop). Therefore, this research examined that in cows up to this pregnancy stage.

Material and Methods
A total of 101 Polish Holstein-Friesian black-and-white cows were divided into groups. The control groups consisted of non-pregnant heifers (group C00) and non-pregnant cows (group C0), and the experimental groups were pregnant heifers (group T1 at dop ≤ 28 and group T2 at dop ≥ 29–dop < 45) and pregnant cows (group T3 at dop ≥ 29–dop ≤ 50). In addition, the T3 group was divided into cows pregnant for up 45 dop and cows between 45 and 50 dop. Blood samples were collected in March and April 2021 from each animal and analysed. A transrectal ultrasound examination was performed to detect and confirm pregnancy.

Results
Statistically significant differences (P ≤ 0.01) between the group of cows at dop < 45 dop and those at dop ≥ 45–dop ≤ 50 dop were noted in granulocyte percentage (GRA%), white and red blood cell counts (WBC/RBC), platelets (PLT), platelet distribution width (PDW), haematocrit (HCT) and lymphocyte percentage (LYM%). No statistically significant differences were found in the mean corpuscular haemoglobin, monocytes (MON), monocyte percentage (MON%), mean platelet volume (MPV), thrombocrit or red blood cell distribution width (RDW). Similar statistically significant differences (P ≤ 0.01) emerged between the groups of heifers in PLT, GRA, RBC, lymphocytes, LYM% and HCT, and no significant differences were found between MPV, MON, MON% or RDW.

Conclusion
Examining the haematological profile in high-yielding cattle is vital in maintaining herd profitability and high reproduction, which depend on the quick diagnosis of disorders facilitated by haematology. This study analysed the haematology profile of dairy cattle at dop ≤ 50 for the first time, indicating changes in lymphocyte levels, which suggests that the animals experienced direct stress during the study.
Energy Management Strategy Considering Energy Storage System Degradation for Hydrogen Fuel Cell Ship
Authors: Cao Wei , Geng Pan , Xu Xiaoyan , Tarasiuk Tomasz 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
A hybrid energy system (HES) including hydrogen fuel cell systems (FCS) and a lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery energy storage system (ESS) is established for hydrogen fuel cell ships to follow fast load transients. An energy management strategy (EMS) with hierarchical control is presented to achieve proper distribution of load power and enhance system stability. In the high-control loop, a power distribution mechanism based on a particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO) with an equivalent consumption minimization strategy (ECMS) is proposed. In the low-level control loop, an adaptive fuzzy PID controller is developed, which can quickly restore the system to a stable state by adjusting the PID parameters in real time. Compared with the rule-based EMS, hydrogen consumption is reduced by 5.319%, and the stability of the power system is significantly improved. In addition, the ESS degradation model is developed to assess its state of health (SOH). The ESS capacity loss is reduced by 2% and the daily operating cost of the ship is reduced by 1.7% compared with the PSO-ECMS without considering the ESS degradation.
Using Cognitive Reserve to Create Norms for the TMA-93 (Relational Binding of Images)
Authors: Arriola-Infante José Enrique , García-Roldán Ernesto , Montiel-Herrera Fátima , Maestre-Bravo Rebeca , Mendoza-Vázquez Gonzalo , Marín-Cabañas Alba Marta , Méndez-Barrio Carlota , Luque-Tirado Andrea , Rodrigo-Herrero Silvia , Sánchez-Arjona María Bernal , Maillet Didier , Franco-Macías Emilio 
Published: July 2023

Background: TMA-93 examines relational binding using images. Biomarker validation has demonstrated that it is discriminative for diagnosing early AD. The effect of cognitive reserve on TMA-93 performance remains unexplored and could improve the interpretative framework for using the test. Objective: To study the effect of cognitive reserve on TMA-93 performance and to provide new norms for the test that include its measurement. Methods: Cognitively unimpaired people aged 55 and over were systematically recruited for this cross-sectional normative study in southern Spain. Age, sex, and scores on the Cognitive Reserve Questionnaire (CRQ; maximum score: 25 points) were collected, and the TMA-93 was administered (maximum score: 30 points). Percentile-based reference data that captured combinations of socio-demographics variables with significant effect on TMA-93 performance were calculated. Results: 902 participants (62.5% female; age: median = 68, IQR = 61–75, range = 55–90) were included. CRQ total scores were globally low (median = 8, IQR = 5–13, range = 0–24). Cognitive reserve, including modifiable items as reading activity and intellectual gaming activity, and age mainly supported the TMA-93 total score variance. Sex seemed to have some influence in the elderly. TMA-93 total scores medians began to drop from 70–75 years old. Higher total score on the CRQ and, possibly, female sex determined a gentler slope. New norms based on these variables showed wide variations in scores for the 5th and 10th percentiles. Conclusion: Visual relational binding ability depends on cognitive reserve, including modifiable items. The age-related binding deficit is buffered by higher cognitive reserve and, at older ages, by female sex.
Poultry litter and cow dung biochar as P sources for cowpea cultivation in two Ghanaian soils
Authors: Nartey Eric K. , Sulemana Nasirudeen , Razak Awudu , Adjadeh Thomas A. , Akumah Asiwome M. , Amoatey Christiana , Abekoe Mark K. 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionThe main constraint to cowpea, Vigna unguiculata, production in West Africa is unavailability of applied phosphorus due to ligand exchange with clay minerals and precipitation reactions facilitated by low pH and low organic matter.Materials and methodsTo overcome this challenge, cow dung biochar (CB) and poultry litter biochar (PB) were applied as P sources for cowpea cultivation in Plinthustult and Kandiustalf soil in Ghana. The biochar types and triple super phosphate (TSP) were applied to meet the standard phosphorus requirement (SPR) and ½ SPR of the soils. Basal K from KCl was added to the TSP treatment. In addition to a non-amended soil, the treatments were triplicated and arranged in a completely randomized design in a screen house for an efficacy trial using cowpea as the test crop. Moisture content was maintained at 80% field capacity.Results and discussionHundred cowpea seed weight was 20.3 g and 19.6 g for the TSP-amended Plinthustult at SPR and ½ SPR, respectively. This increased to 25.1 g and approximately 27 g at SPR and ½ SPR in the CB- and PB-amended Plinthustult, respectively. Hundred seed weight for TSP at both rates was similar in the two soils. The PB-amended Kandiustalf at SPR had seed with a weight of 27.02 g, 1.1 g heavier than the ½ SPR. The CB-amended Kandiustalf at both rates had 100 seeds weighing 25 g. Residual available P was 334.2 mg/kg and 213.2 mg/kg at SPR and ½ SPR, respectively, in the Plinthustult as opposed to a paltry 2.5 mg/kg at SPR in the TSP counterpart. The study recommends for the two biochar types to be applied at ½ SPR.