bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Voice outcomes in high‐grade Reinke's edema: Comparing microflap excision and microdebrider surgery
Authors: Bentsianov Boris , Liang Jennifer J. , Bentsianov Elizabeth 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectivesPatients presenting with hoarseness and diagnosed with high‐grade Reinke's edema (RE) will often require surgical intervention for polypoid changes of the true vocal folds. We compared patient outcomes in patients who had microflap or microdebrider excision surgeries.MethodsPatients with the diagnosis of grade II or grade III RE based on laryngoscopy or videostroboscopy who failed conservative management underwent surgery using the standard excision practice of the primary surgeon. Voice outcomes were compared using VHI‐30 (Voice Handicap Index), V‐RQOL (Voice‐Related Quality of Life), and MPT (maximum phonation time) preoperatively and at 1‐month and 6‐months postoperatively.ResultsOf the 115 patients included, there were 46 RE grade II patients and 69 RE grade III patients with 52 patient undergoing microflap surgery and 63 patients undergoing microdebrider surgery. Both procedures resulted in significant improvement in VHI‐30, V‐RQOL, and MPT at 1‐month and 6‐months postoperatively. The microdebrider group had better 6‐month VHI scores (40.84) than the microflap group (44.54) (CI −7.27 to −0.12). The microdebrider group also had better 6‐month V‐RQOL measures (62.56) than the microflap group (57.79) (CI 0.38–9.16).ConclusionBoth microflap excision and microdebrider excision for high‐grade RE lesions resulted in significant improvement in VHI‐30, V‐RQOL, and MPT at 1‐month and 6‐months postoperatively with the microdebrider excision group scoring statistically significantly better at 6 months in comparison to the microflap group. Overall, the results support the use of both surgical modalities for treating high‐grade RE patients.Level of evidence3.
Quantification of modified nucleotides and nucleosides by isotope dilution mass spectrometry
Authors: Marchante‐Gayón Juan M. , Nicolás Carcelén Jesús , Potes Rodríguez Helí , Pineda‐Cevallos Daniela , Rodas Sánchez Laura , González‐Gago Adriana , Rodríguez‐González Pablo , García Alonso Jose I. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractEpigenetic modifications are closely related to certain disorders of the organism, including the development of tumors. One of the main epigenetic modifications is the methylation of DNA cytosines, 5‐methyl‐2′‐deoxycycytidine. Furthermore, 5‐mdC can be oxidized to form three new modifications, 5‐(hydroxymethyl)‐2′‐deoxycytidine, 5‐formyl‐2′‐deoxycytidine, and 5‐carboxy‐2′‐deoxycytidine. The coupling of liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry has been widely used for the total determination of methylated DNA cytosines in samples of biological and clinical interest. These methods are based on the measurement of the free compounds (e.g., urine) or after complete hydrolysis of the DNA (e.g., tissues) followed by a preconcentration, derivatization, and/or clean‐up step. This review highlights the main advances in the quantification of modified nucleotides and nucleosides by isotope dilution using isotopically labeled analogs combined with liquid or gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry reported in the last 20 years. The different possible sources of labeled compounds are indicated. Special emphasis has been placed on the different types of chromatography commonly used (reverse phase and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography) and the derivatization methods developed to enhance chromatographic resolution and ionization efficiency. We have also revised the application of bidimensional chromatography and indicated significant biological and clinical applications of these determinations.
Inventory cooperation strategies between one supplier and two recycling centers
Authors: Gao Niu , Qu Lin‐Chi , Jiang Yuan‐Tao 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDue to environmental and economic incentives, reverse supply chains have developed. In a reverse supply chain, due to the uncertainty of recycling, the probability of out‐of‐stock is high for recycled parts. In inventory management, transshipment and substitution are often used to avoid various consequences caused by stock shortages. This paper deals with a single‐echelon inventory system with two recycling centers and one supplier. Given demand characteristics, replenishment methods, and sharing rules, four inventory models: general strategy, lateral transshipment between the two recycling centers, substitution between recycling centers, and the supplier and the multi‐strategy are constructed. In the numerical example, Mathematica 11.3 is used to solve the models. Results show that lateral transshipment does not necessarily reduce the cost of recycling centers, while the substitution strategy and the multistrategy are better than the other two, among which the multistrategy is usually better than the substitution, unless the recycling center faces low replenishment rates with high demand rates. These conclusions can provide some management implications for recycling companies.
Kohl's donates $6M to NAMI to increase MH services, resources
Authors: Canady Valerie A. 
Published: August 2023

Kohl's Corporation announced last week a $6 million donation to the National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI) to help expand mental health support groups, programming and resources for individuals across the country, with a focus on reaching BIPOC communities, the press release news agency, Business Wire, reported on Aug. 15.
Perioperative anticoagulation in head and neck free flap reconstructions: Experience of an anticoagulative scheme and its modification
Authors: Grill Florian D. , Pilstl Lisa , Ritschl Lucas M. , Bomhard Achim von , Stimmer Herbert , Kolk Andreas , Loeffelbein Denys J. , Wolff Klaus‐Dietrich , Mücke Thomas , Fichter Andreas M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectivesMicrovascular anastomoses in microvascular reconstructions induce rheological changes in the anastomosed vessels and are usually counteracted by anticoagulative medication. There is no regimen commonly agreed on. This study provides an easy to use anticoagulative regimen.Patients and MethodsConsecutive cases of either anticoagulative regimen between 2013 and 2018 that underwent microvascular reconstruction in the head and neck area were included in this retrospective study, resulting in 400 cases in total. Two different anticoagulative regimens were applied to 200 patients in each group: (a) intraoperatively administered unfractionated 5000 I.U. high molecular weight heparin (HMWH) and postoperatively low molecular weight heparin (LMWH, Enoxaparin) 1 mg/kg/body weight postoperatively and (b) intraoperatively LMWH 0.5 mg/kg/body weight as well as 12 h later and 1 mg/kg/body weight postoperatively.ResultsThe LMWH cohort showed fewer overall thromboembolic (8.5% vs. 11%; p = .40) and peripheral thrombotic events (1% vs. 3.5%; p = .18) and lung embolisms (3% vs. 4%; p = .59). The number of thromboses at the site of the anastomosis was equally distributed. In regard to flap‐specific complications, LMWH was associated with a positive effect, in particular with respect to total flap losses (5% vs. 7%; p = .40) and wound‐healing disorders (14.5% vs. 20%; p = .145).ConclusionFindings indicate that intra‐ and postoperatively administered LMWH as the only anticoagulative medication seems reliable in our clinical routine of head and neck free flap reconstructions.
Osteocutaneous superficial circumflex iliac perforator flap for the lower extremity bone and soft tissue reconstruction with perforator‐to‐perforator anastomosis after radical debridement of tibia osteomyelitis: A case report
Authors: Imai Hirofumi , Yoshida Shuhei , Mese Toshiro , Roh Solji , Sasaki Ayano , Nagamatsu Shogo , Koshima Isao 
Published: August 2023

AbstractReconstruction of soft tissue and bone defects in tibia chronic osteomyelitis is challenging and often managed by free flap with bone graft. However, the use of osteocutaneous free flap combined with perforator‐to‐perforator anastomosis has not been reported. We report the case of a 62‐year‐old man presenting with soft tissue and bone defects with right tibial chronic osteomyelitis, which was successfully treated with an osteocutaneous superficial circumflex iliac perforator (SCIP) flap with perforator‐to‐perforator anastomosis. After radical debridement and excision of the sequestrum, a 17 × 10‐cm skin defect and a 4 × 3‐cm bone defect remained. An osteocutaneous SCIP flap, containing a 16 × 9‐cm skin paddle and 4 × 2‐cm iliac bone, was transferred and anastomosed to the posterior tibial perforator in an end‐to‐end fashion. An artificial dermis was placed to cover the soft tissue. At 1 week postoperatively, the artificial dermis was partially infected, which required small debridement. Full weight‐bearing was permitted 5 weeks postoperatively, and the patient walked independently. No evidence of recurrence of osteomyelitis or skin ulcers was observed at 15 months postoperatively. Therefore, osteocutaneous SCIP flap with perforator‐to‐perforator anastomosis may be a potential alternative treatment for soft tissue and bone defects after radical debridement of tibia osteomyelitis.
Primary perineuritis, a rare but treatable neuropathy: Review of perineurial anatomy, clinicopathological features, and differential diagnosis
Authors: Collins Michael P. , Hadden Robert D. M. , Shahnoor Nazima 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe perineurium surrounds each fascicle in peripheral nerves, forming part of the blood–nerve barrier. We describe its normal anatomy and function. “Perineuritis” refers to both a nonspecific histopathological finding and more specific clinicopathological entity, primary perineuritis (PP). Patients with PP are often assumed to have nonsystemic vasculitic neuropathy until nerve biopsy is performed. We systematically reviewed the literature on PP and developed a differential diagnosis for histopathologically defined perineuritis. We searched PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science for “perineuritis.” We identified 20 cases (11 M/9F) of PP: progressive, unexplained neuropathy with biopsy showing perineuritis without vasculitis or other known predisposing condition. Patients ranged in age from 18 to 75 (mean 53.7) y and had symptoms 2–24 (median 4.5) mo before diagnosis. Neuropathy was usually sensory‐motor (15/20), painful (18/19), multifocal (16/20), and distal‐predominant (16/17) with legs more affected than arms. Truncal numbness occurred in 6/17; 10/18 had elevated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) protein. Electromyography (EMG) and nerve conduction studies (NCS) demonstrated primarily axonal changes. Nerve biopsies showed T‐cell‐predominant inflammation, widening, and fibrosis of perineurium; infiltrates in epineurium in 10/20 and endoneurium in 7/20; and non‐uniform axonal degeneration. Six had epithelioid cells. 19/20 received corticosteroids, 8 with additional immunomodulators; 18/19 improved. Two patients did not respond to intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg). At final follow‐up, 13/16 patients had mild and 2/16 moderate disability; 1/16 died. Secondary causes of perineuritis include leprosy, vasculitis, neurosarcoidosis, neuroborreliosis, neurolymphomatosis, toxic oil syndrome, eosinophilia‐myalgia syndrome, and rarer conditions. PP appears to be an immune‐mediated, corticosteroid‐responsive disorder. It mimics nonsystemic vasculitic neuropathy. Cases with epithelioid cells might represent peripheral nervous system (PNS)‐restricted forms of sarcoidosis.
Effect of semaglutide 2.4 mg once weekly on 10‐year type 2 diabetes risk in adults with overweight or obesity
Authors: Wilkinson Lua , Holst‐Hansen Thomas , Laursen Peter N. , Rinnov Anders R. , Batterham Rachel L. , Garvey W. Timothy 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveIn the Semaglutide Treatment Effect in People with obesity (STEP) trials, once‐weekly subcutaneous semaglutide 2.4 mg plus lifestyle intervention reduced body weight and improved cardiometabolic parameters in adults with obesity (or overweight with weight‐related comorbidities). Effects on the risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2D) require investigation.MethodsSTEP 1 (68 weeks) and 5 (104 weeks) randomized participants to semaglutide 2.4 mg or placebo. STEP 4 included a 20‐week semaglutide run‐in followed by randomization to 48 weeks of continued semaglutide or withdrawal (placebo). Ten‐year T2D risk scores were calculated post hoc using Cardiometabolic Disease Staging.ResultsIn STEP 1 (N = 1583), relative risk score reductions were greater with semaglutide versus placebo (semaglutide: −61.1%; placebo: −12.9%; p < 0.0001). These reductions were maintained to week 104 in STEP 5 (N = 295; semaglutide: −60.0%; placebo: 3.5%; p < 0.0001). Risk scores during the STEP 4 run‐in period (N = 776) were reduced from 20.6% to 11.1% and further to 7.7% at week 68 with continued semaglutide, increasing to 15.4% with withdrawal (relative risk score change: semaglutide: −32.1%; placebo: +40.6%; p < 0.0001). Risk score reductions mirrored weight loss.ConclusionsCardiometabolic Disease Staging risk assessment suggests that once‐weekly semaglutide 2.4 mg may substantially lower 10‐year T2D risk in people with overweight or obesity.image
Assessing attribution in the criminal behavior of mentally disordered offenders: Developing a Japanese version of the Gudjonsson Blame Attribution Inventory‐Revised
Authors: Arakawa Ikuko , Sekiguchi Yosuke , Takeda Koji , Watanabe Kazumi , Kuroki Noriomi , Kono Toshiaki , Kinoshita Hidetoshi , Enokida Takako , Suzuki Takao , Takahashi Hidehiko , Okada Takayuki 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAimTreating individuals with a mental disorder and a history of criminal behavior (mentally disordered offenders [MDOs]) aims to enable patients to maintain their health and facilitate social rehabilitation while preventing adverse outcomes, such as violent recidivism or suicide. Understanding and responding to their own insight on their criminal behavior is crucial to achieving this goal. This article aims to develop a Japanese version of the Gudjonsson Blame Attribution Inventory‐Revised (GBAI‐R) and investigate the reliability and validity of the scale for MDOs in Japan.MethodsIn addition to developing the Japanese version of GBAI‐R (GBAI‐RJ), psychological data relevant to the Japanese study were collected and analyzed. Factor analysis was employed.ResultsSeventy‐seven Japanese native participants were recruited from forensic psychiatric inpatients, outpatients, and medical prison inmates between 2020 and 2022. The results demonstrated that the dimensions on the GBAI‐RJ had a similar factor structure to those reported in previous studies. The GBAI‐RJ has both test/retest reliability and internal consistency.ConclusionThe three dimensions Guilt Factor, External Factor, and Mental Element Factor from the original version in English are applicable to the Japanese version for assessing attribution and comparing the findings with those of the previous studies.
A longitudinal observational study on the epidemiology of painful procedures and sucrose administration in hospitalized preterm neonates
Authors: Bueno Mariana , Ballantyne Marilyn , Campbell‐Yeo Marsha , Estabrooks Carole , Gibbins Sharyn , Harrison Denise , McNair Carol , Riahi Shirine , Squires Janet , Synnes Anne , Taddio Anna , Victor Charles , Yamada Janet , Stevens Bonnie 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAlthough sucrose is widely administered to hospitalized infants for single painful procedures, total sucrose volume during the entire neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) stay and associated adverse events are unknown. In a longitudinal observation study, we aimed to quantify and contextualize sucrose administration during the NICU stay. Specifically, we investigated the frequency, nature, and severity of painful procedures; proportion of procedures where neonates received sucrose; total volume of sucrose administered for painful procedures; and incidence and type of adverse events. Neonates <32 weeks gestational age at birth and <10 days of life were recruited from four Canadian tertiary NICUs. Daily chart reviews of documented painful procedures, sucrose administration, and any associated adverse events were undertaken. One hundred sixty‐eight neonates underwent a total of 9093 skin‐breaking procedures (mean 54.1 [±65.2] procedures/neonate or 1.1 [±0.9] procedures/day/neonate) during an average NICU stay of 45.9 (±31.4) days. Pain severity was recorded for 5399/9093 (59.4%) of the painful procedures; the majority (5051 [93.5%]) were heel lances of moderate pain intensity. Sucrose was administered for 7839/9093 (86.2%) of painful procedures. The total average sucrose volume was 5.5 (±5.4) mL/neonate or 0.11 (±0.08) mL/neonate/day. Infants experienced an average of 7.9 (±12.7) minor adverse events associated with pain and/or sucrose administration that resolved without intervention. The total number of painful procedures, sucrose volume, and incidence of adverse events throughout the NICU stay were described addressing an important knowledge gap in neonatal pain. These data provide a baseline for examining the association between total sucrose volume during NICU stay and research on longer‐term behavioral and neurodevelopmental outcomes.
The synthesis of optically active poly(phenylethyl acrylate) via SET‐LRP
Authors: Feng Xiaojing , Yuan Wenxia 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe present the synthesis of optically active polymers derived from S‐phenylethyl acrylate and R‐phenylethyl acrylate for the first time. Cu(0) wire‐catalyzed single electron transfer‐living radical polymerization (SET‐LRP) methodology which provides a feasible platform makes its new application in designing and developing these two polymers. At various degrees of polymerizations (DPs) ranging from 100 to 400, first‐order kinetics is observed. In all cases, SET‐LRP demonstrates a rapid polymerization rate while maintaining excellent control over polymer's molecular weight, polydispersity and chain‐end functionality. These advantages facilitate the development of both homopolymers and block copolymers through in situ chain extensions. The circular dichroism measurement confirms that the SET‐LRP method yields optically active polymers derived from two enantiomeric monomers, which exhibit mirrored spectra.
Copolyarylates containing phthalazinone and cardo moieties: An attempt toward the balance between thermal resistance and solubility
Authors: Xu Peiqi , Liu Qian , Wang Danhui , Li Hailong , Lv Fei , Feng Huimei , Sun Fanchen , Che Xuefu , Zhang Shouhai , Jian Xigao 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA series of copolyarylates containing phthalazinone and cardo moieties are synthesized by interfacial polymerization of terephthaloyl dichloride with bisphenol monomers including 2,4‐(4‐hydroxyphenyl)‐2,3‐phthalazin‐1‐one, 9,9‐bis(4‐hydroxyphenyl) fluorene, and phenolphthalein. The intrinsic viscosity and number average molecular weight of copolyarylates are in the range of 0.71–1.01 dL g−1 and 16.3–28.4 kDa, respectively, indicating the formation of medium molecular weight copolymers. The effects of phthalazinone and cardo moieties on the solubility and thermal resistance of copolyarylates are discussed in detail. With only phthalazinone moieties, the polyarylate has high thermal resistance with the glass transition temperature (Tg) of 335 °C, but poor solubility. The introduction of cardo moieties enables the produced copolyarylates readily soluble in chloroform, 1,1,2,2‐tetrachloroethane, and N‐methyl‐2‐pyrrolidone, for they not only increase the free volume of intermolecular chains but also lead to a fractional reduction in the structural stiffness of copolymers. Although the decrease in structural stiffness is related to a decrease in Tg value, fortunately, the rigid cardo and phthalazinone moieties allow the thermal resistance of copolyarylate to reach the leading level among (co)polyarylates. In addition, the resulting copolyarylates have good tensile properties. These copolyarylates have important application prospects in the high thermal‐resistant material industry.
Economic restructuring as a human resource panacea for Nigeria's poverty
Authors: Aduma Aloysius T. , Onah Celestine C. , Asadu Ikechukwu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractNigeria has consistently been ranked over the years as one of the poorest nations of the world in spite of her abundant natural and human resources. Solutions to this intractable problem are being sought and restructuring the country's constitution to grant more economic power to state and local governments is suggested as a catalyst that could usher in development and prosperity. This paper aims to address whether restructuring economic aspects of Nigeria's constitution will help usher in prosperity in the country. A qualitative content analysis model was employed in this study. This research finds evidence that if genuinely pursued, economic restructuring has the potential to bring in significant economic progress/prosperity and development without breaking up the polity. It is recommended that to achieve these goals, the process of amending the national constitution must be made easier by the parliament and mutual trust among ethnic nationalities across the country must be cultivated and harvested.
The grassy ecosystems of Madagascar in context: Ecology, evolution, and conservation
Authors: Silander John A. , Bond William J. , Ratsirarson Joelisoa 
Published: August 2023

Societal Impact StatementMadagascar is famous for its unique forests and their fauna. Most of the island is covered by flammable grassy ecosystems long considered to be of human origin and threatening the remaining forests. Yet new studies show that many plants and animals of the grassy systems are unique to Madagascar and restricted to these open habitats. Open grassy ecosystems have markedly different management requirements from forests and bring different contributions to society. We argue that the grassy ecosystems can benefit Madagascar if understood and managed wisely using expanded knowledge bases that also include collaboration with locals.SummaryUntil recently, nearly all research and interests in Madagascar focused on forested habitats. To help place Madagascar's grassy ecosystems in context, we provide a summary of the origin, development, and evolution of open tropical, C4 grassy ecosystems elsewhere, especially those from Africa; we summarize similarities and differences with the distribution of C3 and C4 grasses in the Malagasy landscape, their plant traits, and inferences on the evolutionary legacy of grasses. We also discuss the animal communities that use and have coevolved in these grassy systems; to help resolve controversies over the pre‐settlement extent of grassy ecosystems, we suggest a variety of complementary geochemical, palaeobotanical, and molecular genetic tools that have been effectively used elsewhere to untangle forest/grassy ecosystem mosaics and the ecological and evolutionary processes that influence them. Many of these tools can and should be employed in Madagascar to fully understand the spatio‐temporal dynamics of open, grassy, and closed forest systems across the island; as regards conservation, we discuss the ecosystem services provided by grassy systems, which are too often ignored in general, not only as a biome, vis‐à‐vis forests, but also for their global importance as a carbon sink and role they play in water management and providing goods to local villagers. We conclude by outlining the necessary research to better manage open ecosystems across Madagascar without threatening endangered forest ecosystems.