bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of Foot Symptoms With Decreased Time to All‐Cause Mortality: The Johnston County Osteoarthritis Project
Authors: Harmon Skylar , Alvarez Carolina , Hannan Marian T. , Callahan Leigh F. , Gates Lucy S. , Bowen Catherine J. , Menz Hylton B. , Nelson Amanda E. , Golightly Yvonne M. 
Published: June 2023

ObjectiveAdults with foot symptoms (ie, pain, aching, or stiffness) may be at increased risk of reduced time to all‐cause mortality. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether foot symptoms are independently associated with all‐cause mortality in older adults.MethodsWe analyzed longitudinal data from 2613 participants from the Johnston County Osteoarthritis Project, a longitudinal population‐based cohort of adults 45 years of age and older. Participants completed questionnaires at baseline to determine presence of foot symptoms and covariable status. Baseline walking speed was measured via an 8‐foot walk test. To examine the association of foot symptoms with time to mortality, hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using Cox regression models, adjusted for potential confounders.ResultsWe observed 813 deaths over 4 to 14.5 years of follow‐up. At baseline, 37% of participants had foot symptoms, mean age was 63 years, mean body mass index was approximately 31 kg/m2, 65% were women, and 33% were Black. Moderate to severe foot symptoms were associated with reduced time to mortality after adjustment for demographics, comorbidities, physical activity, and knee and hip symptoms (HR = 1.30, 95% CI 1.09–1.54). Importantly, this association was not modified by walking speed or diabetes.ConclusionIndividuals with foot symptoms had an increased hazard of all‐cause mortality compared with those with no foot symptoms. These effects were independent of key confounders and were not moderated by walking speed. Effective interventions to identify and manage at least moderate foot symptoms may reduce the risk of decreased time to mortality.
Eden to Eden: At the Dawn of the Name
Authors: Rizzi Renato 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIf words are viewed as penumbra, in the etymological roots of ‘architecture’, within the ‘arche’ all times are present, and within the ‘techne’ chronological progression can be recorded and seen. The embodied meaning in architecture suggests self‐determination yet also wonder at the ‘rapturous gaze’ of the universe, and the imperative to rework and honour it in our ideas, designs and cities. With this as a starting point, architect and professor Renato Rizzi presents a perception of the world as a continuum – from a wombic Eden to an Eden‐to‐be‐delivered.
A Highly Integrated 3D MEMS Force Sensing Module With Variable Sensitivity for Robotic‐Assisted Minimally Invasive Surgery
Authors: Hou Cheng , Wang Kaiyao , Wang Fengxia , Li Hanyang , Lou Liang , Zhang Songsong , Gu Yuandong , Liu Huicong , Chen Tao , Sun Lining 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn robotic‐assisted minimally invasive surgery (RMIS), non‐sentient surgical instruments make it impossible for surgeons to perceive operational force during the procedure. To facilitate surgeons with force telepresence during surgery, a highly integrated MEMS‐based piezoresistive 3D force sensing module, which is composed of a MEMS‐based piezoresistive sensor chip, an encapsulation cap with miniature pyramids, and a top elastic layer, is demonstrated. This innovative combined construction allows for rapid replacement of elastic layers with different thicknesses and different Young's modulus, so as to realize an adjustable sensitivity and measurement range for different surgeries. By replacing the elastic layer, the same amount of change in resistance can be achieved for external force of 3 and 10 N in the Z‐axis; the sensitivity in X‐ and Y‐axes can be increased by a maximum of eight and seven times, respectively. Meanwhile, miniature size enables it to be integrated into various surgical instruments’ tip. Experimental demonstrations involving palpation simulated nodule detection of kidney, ex vivo puncture, and threading forces estimation of tissue‐mimicking are conducted to validate the effectiveness of adjusting sensitivity and range. This sensing module is potentially a promising solution for low‐cost and versatility to surgical instruments, which can facilitate unification of force‐sensing/intelligent surgical instruments.
Cryptotanshinone‐Doped Photothermal Synergistic MXene@PDA Nanosheets with Antibacterial and Anti‐Inflammatory Properties for Wound Healing
Authors: Li Zongjia , Wei Wei , Zhang Miaomiao , Guo Xinyue , Zhang Bailin , Wang Dapeng , Jiang Xiue , Liu Fangxin , Tang Jilin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHumans are threatened by bacteria and other microorganisms, resulting in countless pathogen‐related infections and illnesses. Accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in infected wounds activates strong inflammatory responses. The overuse of antibiotics has led to increasing bacterial resistance. Therefore, effective ROS scavenging and bactericidal capacity are essential and the advanced development of collaborative therapeutic techniques to combat bacterial infections is needed. Here, this work developes an MXene@polydopamine‐cryptotanshinone (MXene@PDA‐CPT) antibacterial nanosystem with excellent reactive oxygen and nitrogen species scavenging ability, which effectively inactivates drug‐resistant bacteria and biofilms, thereby promoting wound healing. In this system, the adhesion of polydopamine nanoparticles to MXene produced a photothermal synergistic effect and free radical scavenging activity, presenting a promising antibacterial and anti‐inflammatory strategy. This nanosystem causes fatal damage to bacterial membranes. The loading of cryptotanshinone further expanded the advantages of the system, causing a stronger bacterial killing effect and inflammation mitigatory effect with desired biosafety and biocompatibility. In addition, combining nanomaterials and active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine, this work provides a new rationale for the future development of wound dressings, which contributes to eliminating bacterial resistance, delaying disease deterioration, and alleviating the pain of patients.
Trivalent Europium‐Doped CsCl Quantum Dots for MA‐Free Perovskite Solar Cells with Inherent Bandgap through Lattice Strain Compensation
Authors: Zhuang Xinmeng , Zhou Donglei , Liu Shuainan , Shi Zhichong , Sun Rui , Liang Jin , Jia Yanrun , Bian Shuhang , Liu Zhongqi , Song Hongwei 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCesium–formamidinium (Cs–FA) perovskites have garnered widespread interest owing to their excellent thermal‐ and photostability in achieving stable perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, Cs–FA perovskite typically suffers from Cs+ and FA+ mismatches, affecting the Cs–FA morphology and lattice distortion, resulting in an enlarged bandgap (Eg). In this work, “upgraded” CsCl, Eu3+‐doped CsCl quantum dots, are developed to solve the key issues in Cs–FA PSCs and also exploit the advantage of Cs‐FA PSCs on stability. The introduction of Eu3+ promotes the formation of high‐quality Cs–FA films by adjusting the Pb–I cluster. CsCl:Eu3+ also offsets the local strain and lattice contraction induced by Cs+, which maintains the inherent Eg of FAPbI3 and decreases the trap density. Finally, a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 24.13% is obtained with an excellent short‐circuit current density of 26.10 mA cm−2 . The unencapsulated devices show excellent humidity stability and storage stability, and an initial PCE of 92.2% within 500 h under continuous light illumination, and bias voltage conditions is achieved. This study provides a universal strategy to address the inherent issues of Cs–FA devices and maintain the stability of MA‐free PSCs to satisfy future commercial criteria.
Achieving All‐Plateau and High‐Capacity Sodium Insertion in Topological Graphitized Carbon
Authors: He Xiang‐Xi , Lai Wei‐Hong , Liang Yaru , Zhao Jia‐Hua , Yang Zhuo , Peng Jian , Liu Xiao‐Hao , Wang Yun‐Xiao , Qiao Yun , Li Li , Wu Xingqiao , Chou Shu‐Lei 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHard carbon anodes with all‐plateau capacities below 0.1 V are prerequisites to achieve high‐energy‐density sodium‐ion storage, which holds promise for future sustainable energy technologies. However, challenges in removing defects and improving the insertion of sodium ions head off the development of hard carbon to achieve this goal. Herein, a highly cross‐linked topological graphitized carbon using biomass corn cobs through a two‐step rapid thermal‐annealing strategy is reported. The topological graphitized carbon constructed with long‐range graphene nanoribbons and cavities/tunnels provides a multidirectional insertion of sodium ions whilst eliminating defects to absorb sodium ions at the high voltage region. Evidence from advanced techniques including in situ XRD, in situ Raman, and in situ/ex situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) indicates that the sodium ions' insertion and Na cluster formation occurred between curved topological graphite layers and in the topological cavity of adjacent graphite band entanglements. The reported topological insertion mechanism enables outstanding battery performance with a single full low‐voltage plateau capacity of 290 mAh g−1, which is almost 97% of the total capacity.
3D Imprinting of Voxel‐Level Structural Colors in Lithium Niobate Crystal
Authors: Wang Zhuo , Zhang Bo , Wang Ziquan , Zhang Jie , Kazansky Peter G , Tan Dezhi , Qiu Jianrong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAdvanced coloration methods are of pivotal importance in science, technology, and engineering. However, 3D structural colors that are critical for emerging multidimensional information representation and recording are rarely achievable. Here, a facile voxel‐level programmable 3D structural coloration in the bulk lithium niobate (LiNbO3) crystal is reported. This is achieved by engineering wavelength‐selective interference between ordinary (O) and extraordinary (E) light in the crystal matrix. To induce effective phase contrast between O and E light for establishing the highly localized interference across the visible band, the presence of a pulse‐internal‐coupling effect is revealed in the single‐pulse ultrafast laser–crystal interaction and an ultrafast‐laser‐induced micro‐amorphization (MA) strategy is thus developed to manipulate local matrix structure. Consequently, micro–nanoscale colorful voxels can be fast inscribed into any spatial position of the crystal matrix in one step. It is demonstrated that the colors can be flexibly manipulated and quickly extracted in 3D space. Multidimensional MA‐color data storage with large capacity, high writing and readout speed, long lifetime, and excellent stability under harsh conditions is achieved. The present principle enables multifunctional 3D structural coloration devices inside high‐refractive‐index transparent dielectrics and can serve as a general platform to innovate next‐generation information optics.
Protonated Organic Semiconductors: Origin of Water‐Induced Charge‐Trap Generation
Authors: Park Sangsik , Choi Wookjin , Kim Seung Hyun , Lee Hansol , Cho Kilwon 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDespite dramatic improvements in the electronic characteristics of organic semiconductors, the low operational stability of organic field‐effect transistors (OFETs) hinders their direct use in practical applications. Although the literature contains numerous reports on the effects of water on the operational stability of OFETs, the underlying mechanisms of trap generation induced by water remain unclear. Here, a protonation‐induced trap generation of organic semiconductors is proposed as a possible origin of the operational instability in organic field‐effect transistors. Spectroscopic and electronic investigation techniques combined with simulations reveal that the direct protonation of organic semiconductors by water during operation may be responsible for the trap generation induced by bias stress; this phenomenon is independent of the trap generation at an insulator surface. In addition, the same feature occurred in small‐bandgap polymers with fused thiophene rings irrespective of their crystalline ordering, implying the generality of protonation induced trap generation in various polymer semiconductors with a small bandgap. The finding of the trap‐generation process provides new perspectives for achieving greater operational stability of organic field‐effect transistors.
Tuning the Interlayer Distance of Graphene Oxide as a Function of the Oxidation Degree for o‐Toluidine Removal
Authors: Pargoletti Eleonora , Scavini Marco , Santangelo Saveria , Consolati Giovanni , Cerrato Giuseppina , Longoni Martina , Patané Salvatore , Longhi Mariangela , Cappelletti Giuseppe 
Published: June 2023

AbstractGraphene oxide (GO) with different oxidation degrees is prepared by a modified Hummers’ method varying KMnO4 amount from 0.5 to 6.0 g. X‐ray powder diffraction (XRPD), micro–Raman, thermogravimetric analysis, X‐ray photoeelectron spectroscopy, Boehm titrations, high–resolution transmission electron microscopy, and, finally, positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) are exploited to assess the properties of GO. Results show that increasing oxidant species can tune the interlayer gap between GO sheets up to a maximum value in the case of 4.0 g KMnO4 content. Moreover, these results validate the two‐component‐based model of GO in which, at low oxidation degree, there are unsplit/isolated graphene planes, instead at higher oxidant amounts, a five‐layer sandwiched configuration occurs comprising graphene planes having functional groups decorating the edges (bwGO), hydrated oxidative debris (OD) and “empty” spaces (revealed by PALS as the distance between (bwGO + OD) two‐component layers). In addition, by XRPD analysis, the total gap between two sheets is easily computed. In order to correlate these findings to pollutant removal capability, planar o‐toluidine adsorption is studied. Since this molecule diffuses in an aqueous environment, the obtained adsorption percentages are compared to the thickness of the hydrated OD grafted onto bwGO. A strict connection between the pollutant removal efficacy and the variation of the hydrated interlayer distance is found.
Geometric Phase Flat Optical Gratings with High Diffraction Angle Based on Dual‐Frequency Nematic Liquid Crystal
Authors: Nys Inge , Liu Sunqian , Huang Yu‐Nung , Strzeżysz Olga , Kula Przemysław , Neyts Kristiaan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDiffractive optical elements (DOEs) are increasingly used as lightweight and compact solutions in photonic devices. Steering of light and manipulation of the polarization can be efficiently obtained with the help of photo‐aligned liquid crystal (LC) devices. 1D LC diffraction gratings are studied that are based on the geometric phase principle and demonstrate that the optical functionality can be substantially broadened by using dual frequency LC. Switching between a highly efficient diffractive and a transmissive state is obtained by adjusting the frequency of the applied electric field. Compared to commonly studied 1D nematic LC diffraction gratings, the steering efficiency over large diffraction angles is strongly increased. By using an appropriate electric‐field treatment, the efficiency for first‐order diffraction of red light over an angle of 12.6° increases from 60% to 90%. Moreover, additional switching phenomena are observed at intermediate voltage treatments, leading to enhanced tunability of the DOEs. The origin of this behavior is explained with the help of finite element Q‐tensor simulations for the director configuration.
Hydrogels in Dental Medicine
Authors: Chen Wener , Zhang Chengfei , Peng Simin , Lin Yifan , Ye Zhou 
Published: June 2023

AbstractOral diseases are a prevalent global health problem that are primarily characterized by microbial infections, inflammation, and destruction of oral tissues. Maintaining good oral health is essential for a high quality of life, but the effective treatment of oral diseases and the regeneration of lost dental tissues remain challenging. Hydrogels have emerged as promising biomaterials in modern dental medicine. Their 3D network structures, high water content, good biocompatibility, and various bioactivities enable them to serve as drug delivery platforms, antimicrobial materials, tissue regeneration scaffolds, and biosensors. This review provides an overview of the formation mechanisms, structures, and functions of hydrogels, and highlights their latest applications in treating oral and maxillofacial diseases, such as periodontal diseases, caries, pulp diseases, oral cancer, and mucosal diseases.
Location and Concentration of Aromatic‐Rich Segments Dictates the Percolating Inter‐Molecular Network and Viscoelastic Properties of Ageing Condensates
Authors: Blazquez Samuel , Sanchez‐Burgos Ignacio , Ramirez Jorge , Higginbotham Tim , Conde Maria M. , Collepardo‐Guevara Rosana , Tejedor Andres R. , Espinosa Jorge R. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMaturation of functional liquid‐like biomolecular condensates into solid‐like aggregates has been linked to the onset of several neurodegenerative disorders. Low‐complexity aromatic‐rich kinked segments (LARKS) contained in numerous RNA‐binding proteins can promote aggregation by forming inter‐protein β‐sheet fibrils that accumulate over time and ultimately drive the liquid‐to‐solid transition of the condensates. Here, atomistic molecular dynamics simulations are combined with sequence‐dependent coarse‐grained models of various resolutions to investigate the role of LARKS abundance and position within the amino acid sequence in the maturation of condensates. Remarkably, proteins with tail‐located LARKS display much higher viscosity over time than those in which the LARKS are placed toward the center. Yet, at very long timescales, proteins with a single LARKS—independently of its location—can still relax and form high viscous liquid condensates. However, phase‐separated condensates of proteins containing two or more LARKS become kinetically trapped due to the formation of percolated β‐sheet networks that display gel‐like behavior. Furthermore, as a work case example, they demonstrate how shifting the location of the LARKS‐containing low‐complexity domain of FUS protein toward its center effectively precludes the accumulation of β‐sheet fibrils in FUS‐RNA condensates, maintaining functional liquid‐like behavior without ageing.
Small Extracellular Vesicle‐Derived vWF Induces a Positive Feedback Loop between Tumor and Endothelial Cells to Promote Angiogenesis and Metastasis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Wong Samuel Wan Ki , Tey Sze Keong , Mao Xiaowen , Fung Hiu Ling , Xiao Zhi‐Jie , Wong Danny Ka Ho , Mak Lung‐Yi , Yuen Man‐Fung , Ng Irene Oi‐Lin , Yun Jing Ping , Gao Yi , Yam Judy Wai Ping 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a hypervascular malignancy by which its growth and dissemination are largely driven by the modulation of tumor‐derived small extracellular vesicles (sEVs). Proteomic profiling of circulating sEVs of control individuals and HCC patients identifies von Willibrand factor (vWF) to be upregulated progressively along HCC stages. Elevated sEV–vWF levels are found in a larger cohort of HCC–sEV samples and metastatic HCC cell lines compared to their respective normal counterparts. Circulating sEVs of late‐stage HCC patients markedly augment angiogenesis, tumor–endothelial adhesion, pulmonary vascular leakiness, and metastasis, which are significantly compromised by anti‐vWF antibody. The role of vWF is further corroborated by the enhanced promoting effect of sEVs collected from vWF‐overexpressing cells. sEV–vWF modulates endothelial cells through an elevated level of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF‐A) and fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2). Mechanistically, secreted FGF2 elicits a positive feedback response in HCC via the FGFR4/ERK1 signaling pathway. The co‐administration of anti‐vWF antibody or FGFR inhibitor significantly improves the treatment outcome of sorafenib in a patient‐derived xenograft mouse model. This study reveals mutual stimulation between HCC and endothelial cells by tumor‐derived sEVs and endothelial angiogenic factors, facilitating angiogenesis and metastasis. It also provides insights into a new therapeutic strategy involving blocking tumor–endothelial intercellular communication.
Enantioselective 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition of Aryldiazoalkanes Catalyzed by Chiral Oxazaborolidinium Ions
Authors: Seo Terim , Park Kyung Yee , Kim Jae Yeon , Ryu Do Hyun 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNon‐stabilized aryldiazoalkanes were utilized for highly enantioselective catalytic 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition reaction in the presence of chiral oxazaborolidinium ion (COBI) as a Lewis acid catalyst. Enantioenriched 2‐pyrazolines were obtained in excellent yields (up to >99%) with excellent enantioselectivities (up to >99%).
The Early‐Onset Alzheimer's Disease Whole‐Genome Sequencing Project: Study design and methodology
Authors: Ray Nicholas R. , Ayodele Temitope , Jean‐Francois Melissa , Baez Penelope , Fernandez Victoria , Bradley Joseph , Crane Paul K. , Dalgard Clifton L. , Kuzma Amanda , Nicaretta Heather , Sims Rebecca , Williams Julie , Cuccaro Michael L. , Pericak‐Vance Margaret A. , Mayeux Richard , Wang Li‐San , Schellenberg Gerard D. , Cruchaga Carlos , Beecham Gary W. , Reitz Christiane 
Published: June 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONSequencing efforts to identify genetic variants and pathways underlying Alzheimer's disease (AD) have largely focused on late‐onset AD although early‐onset AD (EOAD), accounting for ∼10% of cases, is largely unexplained by known mutations, resulting in a lack of understanding of its molecular etiology.METHODSWhole‐genome sequencing and harmonization of clinical, neuropathological, and biomarker data of over 5000 EOAD cases of diverse ancestries.RESULTSA publicly available genomics resource for EOAD with extensive harmonized phenotypes. Primary analysis will (1) identify novel EOAD risk loci and druggable targets; (2) assess local‐ancestry effects; (3) create EOAD prediction models; and (4) assess genetic overlap with cardiovascular and other traits.DISCUSSIONThis novel resource complements over 50,000 control and late‐onset AD samples generated through the Alzheimer's Disease Sequencing Project (ADSP). The harmonized EOAD/ADSP joint call will be available through upcoming ADSP data releases and will allow for additional analyses across the full onset range.Highlights
Sequencing efforts to identify genetic variants and pathways underlying Alzheimer's disease (AD) have largely focused on late‐onset AD although early‐onset AD (EOAD), accounting for ∼10% of cases, is largely unexplained by known mutations. This results in a significant lack of understanding of the molecular etiology of this devastating form of the disease.
The Early‐Onset Alzheimer's Disease Whole‐genome Sequencing Project is a collaborative initiative to generate a large‐scale genomics resource for early‐onset Alzheimer's disease with extensive harmonized phenotype data.
Primary analyses are designed to (1) identify novel EOAD risk and protective loci and druggable targets; (2) assess local‐ancestry effects; (3) create EOAD prediction models; and (4) assess genetic overlap with cardiovascular and other traits.
The harmonized genomic and phenotypic data from this initiative will be available through NIAGADS.