bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Greater Trochanteric Pain Syndrome: Clinical Presentation, Diagnosis, and Management
Authors: Guemara Romain , Nissen Michael John 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose of Review
This review describes the greater trochanteric pain syndrome in terms of its clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management.

Recent Findings
We emphasized recent studies including emerging therapies such as radiofrequency ablation of the trochanteric branches of the femoral nerve and new surgical therapies such as minimal invasive surgery and gluteal reconstruction.

Summary
We describe conservative therapies, such as lifestyle modifications and physical therapy and pharmacological approaches including local injections, as well as surgical procedures. Until recently, local injections involved the use of only local anesthetic and/or corticosteroid; however, recent studies have suggested a potential role for platelet-rich plasma or hyaluronic acid. In the absence of a gluteal tear or rupture, management is initially focused on the use of analgesics to control pain, lifestyle measures, and prolonged physical therapy to improve local muscle strength, followed by the addition of local extracorporeal shock wave therapy. If symptoms persist, a new approach involves an injection of local anesthetic, potentially followed by a corticosteroid or platelet-rich plasma injection, based on the response to the initial anesthetic injection. In the case of refractory pain or tendon rupture, surgical treatment may be indicated, depending on the age of the patient and the degree of local muscle atrophy and fatty infiltration.
Learning high-level robotic manipulation actions with visual predictive model
Authors: Ma Anji , Chi Guoyi , Ivaldi Serena , Chen Lipeng 
Published: August 2023

AbstractLearning visual predictive models has great potential for real-world robot manipulations. Visual predictive models serve as a model of real-world dynamics to comprehend the interactions between the robot and objects. However, prior works in the literature have focused mainly on low-level elementary robot actions, which typically result in lengthy, inefficient, and highly complex robot manipulation. In contrast, humans usually employ top–down thinking of high-level actions rather than bottom–up stacking of low-level ones. To address this limitation, we present a novel formulation for robot manipulation that can be accomplished by pick-and-place, a commonly applied high-level robot action, through grasping. We propose a novel visual predictive model that combines an action decomposer and a video prediction network to learn the intrinsic semantic information of high-level actions. Experiments show that our model can accurately predict the object dynamics (i.e., the object movements under robot manipulation) while trained directly on observations of high-level pick-and-place actions. We also demonstrate that, together with a sampling-based planner, our model achieves a higher success rate using high-level actions on a variety of real robot manipulation tasks.
A Mixed Methods Study to Explore Relevant Metrics for a Results Framework Measuring the Public Health Impact of Reliance-Based Pathways
Authors: Adams Inez , Cuff Patricia A. , Liberti Lawrence 
Published: August 2023

AbstractReliance-based pathways for the marketing authorization of medical products have been identified as valuable regulatory tools for the timely provision of effective, safe, quality medicines for people worldwide; however, little research has been conducted on the best way to measure the public health impact of using reliance-based pathways. The current mixed methods study was designed to explore which characteristics or “metrics” could be used to measure the impact of reliance-based pathways. A quantitative survey (n = 70) and in-depth interviews (IDIs) (n = 10) were employed to query various stakeholders (e.g., industry, regulatory authorities, NGOs) about the metrics they believed would be important to include in a framework designed to measure the impact of reliance-based regulatory pathways on advancing public health. Based on survey results, (1) ability to meet targeted product assessment timeline, (2) increased access to expertise, which is limited or not available in the agency, (3) shortened median number of days (annually) to market for medical products, (4) lower morbidity and mortality rates due to greater access to medical products, and (5) movement toward technical standards harmonization were the Top Five most important metrics to be included in a framework. IDI results suggest that, while important, the relevance of the Top Five metrics may vary by region or regulatory authority. Interviewed stakeholders intuitively believe reliance-based regulatory pathways are a worthwhile endeavor; however, there must be “harmonization” within the reliance ecosystem that creates a strong understanding of the factors necessary for reliance-based pathways to be utilized in a successful manner.
Instructor-assisted question classification system using machine learning algorithms with N-gram and weighting schemes
Authors: Dake Delali Kwasi , Nwiah Edward , Klogo Griffith Selorm , Ativi Wisdom Xornam 
Published: August 2023

AbstractOne aspect of natural language processing, text classification, has become necessary in the educational domain due to the increasing number of students and the COVID-19 outbreak. The advent of the devastating pandemic and the need to remain safe have surged the discussions around online learning and integrated modules in teaching and learning. In this study, we employed machine learning to develop an automatic instructor-assisted question classification module for learning management systems. In selecting the best classifier, the conventional and the ensemble machine learning algorithms were compared using the tenfold and the fivefold cross-validation techniques. In addition, the N-gram feature selection mechanism and three weighting schemes were evaluated for performance enhancement. The detailed analysis indicates that the ensemble algorithms outperform the conventional ones with decreasing accuracy as the N-gram size increases. For all compared algorithms, the AdaBoost (SVM) ensemble algorithm has the highest accuracy of 78.55% for Unigram (TP, TF, TF-IDF). In addition, the AdaBoost (SVM) emerged with the highest F1-score of 0.782, whiles the ensemble Bagging (RF) algorithm had the highest ROC value of 0.955 for Unigram (TP).
Methodology of fabricating 3D printing modified plastic single-layer panels with UAV positioning technology in the era of mass customization
Authors: Yuan Philip F. , Gao Tianyi , Gu Sijia , Zhang Liming 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMass customization of prefabricated architecture is becoming increasingly crucial for developing the architectural industry. Advanced technologies such as 3D printing and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) has brought opportunities and challenges for traditional fabrication and construction methodology. Based on these emerging digital design tools and intelligent construction methods, this paper presents a novel methodology for fabricating single-layer 3D printing panels using UAV positioning technology, which has the potential to revolutionize the construction process and enhance the overall efficiency. This paper first provides a comprehensive review of the existing technologies in 3D printing and UAV positioning, highlighting their benefits and limitations in the context of construction applications. Next, a step-by-step process for fabricating single-layer 3D printing panels is introduced, detailing the optimal design parameters, material selection, and printing techniques. The utilization of UAV for precise positioning and alignment of the panels is then discussed, including the development of an on-site installation for accurate control. To validate the proposed method, a construction practice of the Chengdu Agricultural Expo Centre is produced o demonstrate the promising manufacturing and installation of single-layer 3D printed panels using UAV positioning technology. The results indicate that this method significantly reduces construction time, material waste, and labour costs, while also demonstrating significant customization and design flexibility.
The WHO African Region Initiative on Engaging Civil Society Organizations in Responding to the COVID-19 Pandemic: Best Practices and Lessons Learned for a More Effective Engagement of Communities in Responding to Public Health Emergencies
Authors: Baldé Thierno , Billaud Anthony , Beadling Charles W. , Kartoglu Nellie , Anoko Julienne Ngoundoung , Okeibunor Joseph Chukwudi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Engaging communities is a key factor in efficient response to public health emergencies (PHE). Previous and recent outbreaks have shown that civil society organizations (CSOs) can mobilize the communities to better prepare and respond to a PHE. Consequently, the World Health Organization (WHO) Regional Office for Africa (AFRO) implemented an initiative to partner with community leaders by engaging CSOs. The Civil Society Organization Initiative (CSO Initiative) aims to work directly with well-established community-based organizations to accelerate whole-of-society preparation and response. Twenty-three CSOs from 12 WHO African Region Member States have been supported financially and technically to implement effective community-based interventions to respond to the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. After 1 year of implementation (2021), the successes, challenges, and recommendations for maximizing future engagements with CSOs are outlined. As the COVID-19 outbreak is again underlining, partnering with established CSOs to engage diverse social groups from various communities can help provide a timely and efficient response to a PHE.
Ratings meet prices: The dynamic relationship of quality signals
Authors: Kaimann Daniel , Spiess Bru Clarissa Laura Maria , Frick Bernd 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe impact of product ratings is significant in the experience goods market, whose intangible products are difficult to evaluate before consumption. Product ratings can reduce information asymmetries because they represent a credible signal of quality and thus positively affect product sales. In this study, we shed light on how professional critics behave by focusing on the influence of product characteristics and former reviews on rating behavior and market prices as additional quality signals in wine markets. Using 13,911 observations from professional wine tastings, we analyze 8,444 worldwide-produced wines and their ratings over 20 years. We find clear evidence to suggest that prices and product ratings are significantly related. Finally, the results suggest that review consistency evolves and determines current ratings.
Athanasius Pulled Apart: Heresiology and the (Dis)membered (Fe)male Body
Authors: Barry Jennifer 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this article, I engage Athanasius of Alexandria’s invocation of the infamous dismemberment of the unnamed woman found in Judg 19. By the fourth century, this story of gang rape—along with other preserved stories of sexual violence—found in Judges, were scattered throughout early Christian literature. Judges 19 holds a particularly troubling history in the late ancient context. The story of the rape and dismemberment of the unnamed woman in Judg 19 gave life to another story and typified a style of writing that I characterize in the article as a heresiology. The spectacle of Judges, along with other gruesome deaths of women, was one way in which heresiological discourse frames rhetorical arguments for writers like Athanasius of Alexandria. Here, I purposely draw our attention to how Athanasian orthodoxy became reliant on gender-based violence.
New records of the Endangered Helan Shan pika Ochotona argentata, with notes on its natural history and conservation
Authors: Lambert Joseph P. , Li Jingyao , Li Yibin , Hou Xuehan , Shi Kun 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe Helan Shan pika Ochotona argentata is an Endangered pika endemic to Ningxia Helan Shan National Nature Reserve in China. Little is known about the species, including regarding its population status, distribution, habitat requirements and even basic natural history. We conducted camera trapping in the Reserve during 13 January 2020–25 January 2022 and obtained two new records for this species. These, combined with five other new records obtained during the monitoring programme in the Reserve, represent a significant increase in the known range of the species and more than double the species’ known extent of occurrence from 107 to 223 km2. These records also provide the first evidence that this species is active both nocturnally and diurnally. However, this range increase does not alter the Endangered status of the pika, and the pika was not observed within its previously known range; future research should involve intensive camera trapping in the Reserve to ascertain whether this is a result of local extirpation, habitat loss or fragmentation or under-sampling on our part. Studies should also incorporate techniques used for other alpine pika species to collect baseline data on habitat use, population size and behaviour to determine the potential response of the Helan Shan pika to present and future threats.
Translocation as a tool for the conservation of the jaguar Panthera onca: a case study in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest
Authors: Azevedo Fernando C.C. , Nobre Pedro H. , Ferreira Giovanne A. , Morato Ronaldo , de Paula Rogério C. , Amaral Paulo R. , Eizirik Eduardo , Sartor Caroline C. , Andriolo Artur 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe success of translocation as a management tool is based on reversing the factors that led to a population becoming threatened or locally extinct. We assessed whether translocating a jaguar Panthera onca into the surroundings of a protected area in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest with a resident jaguar population was effective. We captured a male jaguar in an urban area where there were no substantiated previous records of jaguars. In the capture area only one predation event had been recorded, when the jaguar killed several chickens a few days before capture. After capture we translocated the jaguar to a forested area 240 km from the capture site, adjacent to the Rio Doce State Park. To investigate whether the potential geographical origin of the individual was any nearby fragment of the Atlantic Forest or nearby fragments of the Cerrado ecoregion, we genotyped it for 12 microsatellite loci and compared the results to a database developed previously. We fitted the jaguar with a GPS/VHF collar from which we recovered 2.5 months of data. Post-release monitoring with camera traps indicated the jaguar established residence within the region of the Park and we recorded no events of predation on livestock. The genetic analysis indicated that the jaguar resembled individuals from the Inner Atlantic Forest, Cerrado and Amazon. Translocation was an important tool for avoiding potentially negative interactions between the jaguar and local people, and may have benefitted the jaguar population at the release site.
Investigating risk of self-harm and suicide on anniversaries after bereavement by suicide and other causes: a Danish population-based self-controlled case series study
Authors: Pitman Alexandra , Logeswaran Yanakan , McDonald Keltie , Cerel Julie , Lewis Gemma , Erlangsen Annette 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Aims
To investigate mechanisms of suicide risk in people bereaved by suicide, prompted by observations that bereaved people experience higher levels of distress around dates of emotional significance. We hypothesised that suicide-bereaved first-degree relatives and partners experience an increased risk of self-harm and suicide around dates of (i) anniversaries of the death and (ii) the deceased’s birthday, compared with intervening periods.

Methods
We conducted a self-controlled case series study using national register data on all individuals living in Denmark from 1 January 1980 to 31 December 2016 and who were bereaved by the suicide of a first-degree relative or partner (spouse or cohabitee) during that period, and who had the outcome (any episode of self-harm or suicide) within 5 years and 6 weeks of the bereavement. We compared relative incidence of suicidal behaviour in (i) the first 30 days after bereavement and (ii) in the aggregated exposed periods (6 weeks either side of death anniversaries; 6 weeks either side of the deceased’s birthdays) to the reference (aggregated unexposed intervening periods). As an indirect comparison, we repeated these models in people bereaved by other causes.

Results
We found no evidence of an elevated risk of suicidal behaviour during periods around anniversaries of a death or the deceased’s birthdays in people bereaved by suicide (adjusted incidence rate ratio [IRRadj] = 1.00; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.87–1.16) or other causes (IRRadj = 1.04; 95% CI = 1.00–1.08) compared with intervening periods. Rates were elevated in the 30 days immediately after bereavement by other causes (IRRadj: 1.95, 95% CI: 1.77–2.22).

Conclusions
Although people bereaved by suicide are at elevated risk of self-harm and suicide, our findings do not suggest that this risk is heightened around emotionally significant anniversaries. Bereavement care should be accessible at all points after a traumatic loss as needs will differ over the grief trajectory.
Planktic Foraminiferal Resilience to Environmental Change Associated With the PETM
Authors: Barrett Ruby , Adebowale Monsuru , Birch Heather , Wilson Jamie D. , Schmidt Daniela N. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCarbonate‐forming organisms play an integral role in the marine inorganic carbon cycle, yet the links between carbonate production and the environment are insufficiently understood. Carbonate production is driven by the abundance of calcifiers and the amount of calcite produced by each individual (their size and weight). Here we investigate how foraminiferal carbonate production changes in the Atlantic, Pacific and Southern Ocean in response to a 4–5°C warming and a 0.3 surface ocean pH reduction during the Palaeocene‐Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM). To put these local data into a global context, we apply a trait‐based plankton model (ForamEcoGEnIE) to the geologic record for the first time. Our data illustrates negligible change in the assemblage test size and abundance of foraminifers. ForamEcoGEnIE resolves small reductions in size and biomass, but these are short‐lived. The response of foraminifers shows spatial variability linked to a warming‐induced poleward migration and suggested differences in nutrient availability between open‐ocean and shelf locations. Despite low calcite saturation at high latitudes, we reconstruct stable foraminiferal size‐normalized weight. Based on these findings, we postulate that sea surface warming had a greater impact on foraminiferal carbonate production during the PETM than ocean acidification. Changes in the composition of bulk carbonate suggest a higher sensitivity of coccolithophores to environmental change during the PETM than foraminifers.
The Role of Wildfires in the Interplay of Forest Carbon Stocks and Wood Harvest in the Contiguous United States During the 20th Century
Authors: Magerl Andreas , Gingrich Simone , Matej Sarah , Cunfer Geoff , Forrest Matthew , Lauk Christian , Schlaffer Stefan , Weidinger Florian , Yuskiw Cody , Erb Karl‐Heinz 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWildfires and land use play a central role in the long‐term carbon (C) dynamics of forested ecosystems of the United States. Understanding their linkages with changes in biomass, resource use, and consumption in the context of climate change mitigation is crucial. We reconstruct a long‐term C balance of forests in the contiguous U.S. using historical reports, satellite data, and other sources at multiple scales (national scale 1926–2017, regional level 1941–2017) to disentangle the drivers of biomass C stock change. The balance includes removals of forest biomass by fire, by extraction of woody biomass, by forest grazing, and by biomass stock change, their sum representing the net ecosystem productivity (NEP). Nationally, the total forest NEP increased for most of the 20th century, while fire, harvest and grazing reduced total forest stocks on average by 14%, 51%, and 6%, respectively, resulting in a net increase in C stock density of nearly 40%. Recovery from past land‐use, plus reductions in wildfires and forest grazing coincide with consistent forest regrowth in the eastern U.S. but associated C stock increases were offset by increased wood harvest. C stock changes across the western U.S. fluctuated, with fire, harvest, and other disturbances (e.g., insects, droughts) reducing stocks on average by 14%, 81%, and 7%, respectively, resulting in a net growth in C stock density of 14%. Although wildfire activities increased in recent decades, harvest was the key driver in the forest C balance in all regions for most of the observed timeframe.
A Shift From Temperature to Water as the Primary Driver for Interannual Variability of the Tropical Carbon Cycle
Authors: He Bin , Xie Xiaoming , Guo Lanlan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe relative importance of temperature and water constraints on the tropical carbon cycle is an ongoing debate. Here we combine multiple independent tropical ecosystem carbon exchange simulations with satellite observations and show that the primary control for the tropical carbon cycle has shifted recently from temperature to water. We examined the response of tropical ecosystem processes to climate change and suggest that the emerging role of water as the dominant driver for the tropical carbon cycle is attributable to increased precipitation variability, which is associated with intensified extreme drought and wet conditions. Extreme conditions strengthen water's regulation of ecosystem carbon exchange. The weakening influence of temperature is explained by the previously additive effects of temperature on ecosystem productivity and respiration now becoming opposing effects owing to amplified drought conditions, resulting in a reduction to the net effect of temperature on ecosystem carbon exchange.
TAFFNet: Time‐Aware Adaptive Feature Fusion Network for Very Short‐Term Precipitation Forecasts
Authors: Wang Jingnan , Wang Xiaodong , Guan Jiping , Zhang Lifeng , Zhou Jie 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDeep learning models based on radar echo extrapolation have been widely used in precipitation nowcasting. However, they face the challenge of insufficient input information when extending the forecast lead time, requiring the incorporation of physics‐based numerical weather prediction (NWP). Given that the strengths of radar and NWP data vary depending on the forecast time, effectively fusing these two data sources in a unified deep learning model remains an open research problem. In this study, we propose a Time‐aware Adaptive Feature Fusion Network (TAFFNet) for very short‐term precipitation forecasts up to 12 hr. TAFFNet fuses features adaptively according to their relative contributions to forecast skill at different times. Experimental results demonstrate that TAFFNet performs the best for very short‐term precipitation forecasts. The case studies show that adaptively fusing NWP with radar can improve the accuracy of precipitation forecasts, especially for predicting the initiation and dissipation of storms at longer lead times.