bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regiodivergent Synthesis of Brominated Pyridylthiophenes by Overriding the Inherent Substrate Bias
Authors: Okano Kentaro , Hosoya Masahiro , Mori Atsunori 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA regiocontrolled functionalization of a pyridylthiophene scaffold was accomplished. Regioselectivity for deprotonation of the pyridylthiophene was switched by changing the reaction conditions, including the metal amide base and the solvent. Subsequently, in situ transmetalation and halogen dance on the corresponding organometallic species were controlled by additives and the reaction temperature, as well as by the above reaction conditions. This method successfully enabled the synthesis of four iodinated constitutional isomers from a single starting material, 2-(5-bromo-2-thienyl)pyridine.
Catheter-Directed Thrombolysis Protocols for Deep Venous Thrombosis of the Lower Extremities—A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Duarte-Gamas Luís , Jácome Filipa , Dias Lara Romana , Rocha-Neves João , Yeung Kak K. , Baekgaard Niels , Dias-Neto Marina 
Published: June 2023

Objective To summarize characteristics, complications, and success rates of different catheter-directed thrombolysis (CDT) protocols for the treatment of lower extremity deep venous thrombosis (LE-DVT).
Methods A systematic review using electronic databases (MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science) was performed to identify randomized controlled trials and observational studies related to LE-DVT treated with CDT. A random-effects model meta-analysis was performed to obtain the pooled proportions of early complications, postthrombotic syndrome (PTS), and venous patency.
Results Forty-six studies met the inclusion criteria reporting 49 protocols (n = 3,028 participants). In studies that addressed the thrombus location (n = 37), LE-DVT had iliofemoral involvement in 90 ± 23% of the cases. Only four series described CDT as the sole intervention for LE-DVT, while 47% received additional thrombectomy (manual, surgical, aspiration, or pharmacomechanical), and 89% used stenting.Definition of venogram success was highly variable, being the Venous Registry Index the most used method (n = 19). Among those, the minimal thrombolysis rate (<50% lysed thrombus) was 0 to 53%, partial thrombolysis (50–90% lysis) was 10 to 71%, and complete thrombolysis (90–100%) was 0 to 88%. Pooled outcomes were 8.7% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 6.6–10.7) for minor bleeding, 1.2% (95% CI: 0.8–1.7%) for major bleeding, 1.1% (95% CI: 0.6–1.6) for pulmonary embolism, and 0.6% (95% CI: 0.3–0.9) for death. Pooled incidences of PTS and of venous patency at up to 1 year of follow-up were 17.6% (95% CI: 11.8–23.4) and 77.5% (95% CI: 68.1–86.9), respectively.
Conclusion Assessment of the evidence is hampered by the heterogeneity of protocols, which may be reflected in the variation of PTS rates. Despite this, CDT is a low-risk treatment for LE-DVT.
Synthesis of Carbamoyl Azides from Redox-Active Esters and TMSN3
Authors: Li Yajun , Bao Hongli , Yuan Xiaobin , Qu Yanjie 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAn efficient method for construction of C–N bonds is reported here. The iron-catalyzed azidation of N-hydroxy phthalimide (NHP) esters provides a convenient approach for the synthesis of carbamoyl azides with good substrate scope and functional group tolerance. Both aryl carbon C(sp2) and alkyl carbon C(sp3) sources can be used deliver the carbamoyl azides. Mechanistic studies were conducted and a two-stage process was identified.
Simple and Efficient Synthesis of Highly Functional 2-Oxonicotino­nitriles from 2-Chloronicotinonitriles
Authors: Bardasov Ivan N. , Alekseeva Anastasiya U. , Sorokin Saveliy P. , Shishlikova Maria A. , Ershov Oleg V. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA simple strategy for the synthesis of 2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carbonitrile derivatives (2-oxonicotinonitrile, 3-cyanopyridone) in good yields by substituting the halogen atom with an oxime under mild conditions was developed. The proposed approach makes it possible to avoid the problems associated with the hydrolysis of easily modified groups, since the reaction is carried out in the absence of water.
Lumbar Discal Cyst: Is it a Rare Consequence in Lumbar Disc Disease Spectrum? Short Case Series with Review of Literature and Hypothesis Regarding Etiopathogenesis
Authors: Pai Usha Kota Narayana , Sathyanarayanan Devaprasad , Haridas Harsha Manjarambath 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background Lumbar discal cysts are rare intraspinal extradural lesions presenting as lumbar radiculopathy. The rarity of the lesion is sufficient to evoke interest in its diagnosis. The hitherto unsolved etiopathogenesis prompted us to look into these areas in this study.
Objectives 1) To review the literature and summarize the clinicoradiological and histopathological features of the discal cyst. 2) To investigate possible mechanisms in the etiopathogenesis of discal cysts.
Materials and Methods Three patients presented with features suggestive of lumbar disc prolapse and were diagnosed with discal cyst over 1.5 years and were included in this study. All patients underwent lumbar spine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and were subsequently treated by cyst excision. The final diagnosis of the discal cyst was based on histopathological features.
Results Out of three patients, two had a discal cyst with disc prolapse, and one had a discal cyst alone. Discal cyst patient underwent excision of cyst alone. Discal cyst patients with disc prolapse underwent discectomy in addition to excision of the discal cyst. One patient had an L2–L3 level discal cyst with disc prolapse, which is uncommon.
Conclusions Lumbar discal cysts, although rare, form an important differential diagnosis in patients with lumbar radiculopathy. They have a distinctive MRI appearance, and because discal cyst and disc prolapse shared similar etiopathological features, we hypothesize that discal cyst is a part of the degenerative disc disease spectrum. We also conclude that discal cyst excision should be coupled with discectomy when LDC is associated with disc prolapse.
Application of Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles in Dentistry: A Literature Review
Authors: Sharifian Seyedarsham , Loghmani Alireza , Nayyerain Shiva , Javanbakht Sanaz , Daneii Pouria 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMagnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles' biocompatibility and degraded by-products are the two most important factors that make this material preferable in dental care. Their specific characteristics, such as antibacterial action against cariogenic microbes, are potential antibacterial agents for dental applications. This paper investigates the properties of MgO in dentistry and sets the groundwork for future research. Electronic databases, including PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Google Scholar, and scientific-research journals of domestic universities were reviewed from 1972 to 2022, and all the relevant papers were surveyed. After a search in electronic databases, 60 articles were involved, and the needed details were extracted. The biochemical features and application of magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgONPs) in dentistry and new fields have been discussed in detail. Nanoparticles (NPs) may provide a unique method for treating and preventing dental infections. MgO nanoparticles are a good choice in several fields because their unique properties, such as antibacterial activity against cariogenic microorganisms, make them ideal antibacterial agents for dental applications.
Step Ladder Expansive Cranioplasty: A Novel Perspective in Cranial Volume Augmentation Surgery
Authors: Sengupta Sudip Kumar , Sundervadhanan Shashivadhanan , Rappai Tony J. , Sudumbrekar S.M. , Gorthi Sankar Prasad , Verma Saurabh K. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background In face of a refractory raised intracranial pressure (ICP), surgeons most commonly resort to decompressive craniectomy (DC). Procedure leaves an unprotected brain underlying the craniectomy defect and Monro-Kellie doctrine: disrupted. Different variants of hinge craniotomies (HC) have been used with clinical outcomes comparable to DC as single stage alternatives. However, both DC and every variant of HC have a limit to the achievable volume augmentation and all invariably cause a compression of the cerebral cortex and its vasculature at the craniotomy site. We believe both these limitations adversely affect the outcome.
Methods A team of neuroscientists in Indian Armed Forces Medical Services has been working for the last 9 years toward developing a novel surgical technique that can mitigate both these drawbacks. Desired procedure should take the centripetal pressure exerted by the combination of the tensile strength of the scalp (with or, without an underlying bone flap) and atmospheric pressure off the brain surface while achieving an assured augmentation of intracranial volume that can be optimized on a case-to-case basis. We call it a “step ladder expansive cranioplasty.”
Results The distance of the parietal eminence was found to have increased by 10.2 mm on the operated side after expansive cranioplasty.
Conclusion From drawing board to bedside, we have made some progress toward our goal, but it is still far away from completion. More studies are required to fill in the gaps in our knowledge necessary to optimize the various parameters of the surgery. Procedure has promise to be of special role in in war and disaster scenarios.
Anemia Prevalence, Characteristics, and Hematological Profile among Stunted Children Under 2 Years Old in Bandung Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Purnami Grace Mediana , Praba Kania Dyatika , Fauziah Iif Latifah , Dewi Mia Milanti , Judistiani Raden Tina Dewi , Setiabudiawan Budi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAnemia and stunted growth are major health problems with adverse consequences for children. This study aimed to determine the prevalence, characteristics, and hematological profile of anemia among stunted children under 2 years old. A nested cross-sectional study from a child cohort was conducted in Bandung Regency, West Java, Indonesia. Two hundred twenty-two children aged 6 to 24 months were randomly selected. These children were reexamined from November 2019 to March 2020 for anthropometric measurements and hematological assessment and interviewed for relevant risk factors of stunted growth and anemia. Ninety-eight stunted children were identified and distributed into stunted and severely stunted groups (47.96 vs. 52.04%). Around 85.4% of the children came from low-income families and 31.7% were severely underweight for age. Surprisingly most of these stunted children had normal birth weight and length and were born at term (68.3, 53.7, and 85.4%). The prevalence rate of anemia among stunted children was 41.8%, they had decreased mean corpuscular volume (56%), decreased mean corpuscular hemoglobin (73%), and normochromic mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentrations (51.2%). Leucocytosis was higher than leucopenia (10 vs. 3.7%) and thrombocytosis (n = 15, 36%) as compared to thrombocytopenia (n = 5, 12%). The prevalence of anemia was high among stunted children. The characteristics of stunted children with and without anemia were similar. The fact that these stunted children had few risk factors for stunting emphasizes the need to focus on improved postnatal care to prevent faltering. Based on the hematology profile, iron deficiency anemia was suspected to be the most etiology in these cases warranting further follow-up and management.
Effect of Determinants of Health on the Hearing Care Framework: An Economic Perspective
Authors: Amlani Amyn M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHearing care is expanding accessibility to consumers through new service delivery channels and methods of technology distribution (see Brice et al, this issue). This diversification has the potential to overcome longstanding consumer disparities (e.g., health, socioeconomic, psychological, environmental) in receiving care and provider constraints (e.g., accessibility, geography, direct access) to delivering care that adversely impacts quality of life (e.g., social isolation, depression, anxiety, self-esteem). In this article, the reader is provided with an overview of health outcomes factors (i.e., determinants of health)—in the context of an economic framework (i.e., supply, demand)—and their effect on consumer behavior and provider preferences toward hearing healthcare services. This overview also affords readers with strategic business insights to assess and integrate future hearing care services and technology to consumers in their local markets.
Barriers to Adoption of Digital Therapeutics (DTx) into Audiology Clinical Practice: Acknowledging the Challenges, Adapting to the Future
Authors: Roberts Melissa J. , Wilson Wayne J. , Recugnat Matthieu , Bardy Fabrice 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe continuous advancements in technologies supporting digital health and digital therapeutics (DTx) bring new possibilities to the field of audiology. This study considers a new DTx for tinnitus called Tinnibot and the willingness of a group of Australian university audiology students to consider this new DTx in their future careers as practicing audiologists. A single-group case-series design (pretest/posttest) was used to examine the opinions of 10 university audiology students before and after participating in a 2-hour information workshop on the topics of tinnitus, DTx, cognitive behavioral therapy, and a new digital therapy tool for tinnitus called Tinnibot. Student knowledge levels of the main topic areas increased from poor (before the workshop) to moderate to high after the workshop, with 40% of participants reporting they would very likely use digital therapies for future patients. A common barrier to improving this rating was the need for direct hands-on training on the DTx before the students would be confident to recommend the DTx to patients. Incorporating direct training on DTx into university audiology programs would allow greater uptake of DTx by students as they begin their careers as practicing audiologists.
Exploring Hearing Care Technology from Clinic to Capability
Authors: Penno Kathryn A. , Zakis Justin A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHealthcare systems are traditionally a clinician-led and reactive structure that does not promote clients managing their health issues or concerns from an early stage. However, when clients are proactive in starting their healthcare earlier than later, they can achieve better outcomes and quality of life. Hearing healthcare and the rehabilitation journey currently fit into this reactive and traditional model of care. With the development of service delivery models evolving to offer services to the consumer online and where they are predominately getting their healthcare information from the internet and the advancement of digital applications and hearing devices beyond traditional hearing aid structures, we are seeing a change in how consumers engage in hearing care. Similarly, as the range of hearing devices evolves with increasingly blended and standard levels of technology across consumer earbuds/headphones and medical grade hearing aids, we are seeing a convergence of consumers engaging earlier and becoming increasingly aware of hearing health needs. This article will discuss how the channels, service, and technology are coming together to reform traditionally clinician-led healthcare models to an earlier consumer-led model and the benefits and limitations associated with it. Additionally, we look to explore advances in hearing technologies and services, and if these will or can contribute to a behavioral change in the hearing healthcare journey of consumers.
Analysis of Factors Contributing to Antenatal Corticosteroid Administration in Patients Presenting with Threatened Preterm Labor
Authors: Bode Leah , McKinzie Alexandra H. , Gidia Nadia M. , Ibrahim Sherrine A. , Haas David M. 
Published: June 2023

Objective This study aimed to analyze characteristics of those seen for threatened preterm labor (tPTL) who receive antenatal corticosteroids (ACS) to better understand clinical decision-making.
Study Design This retrospective cohort study consisted of patients seen in triage at an urban county hospital in 2021 for tPTL during pregnancy. Demographic variables (maternal age, race/ethnicity, and prior preterm delivery) and obstetrical variables (cervical dilation, effacement, membrane rupture, and tocolytic administration) were evaluated against the primary outcome of ACS administration.
Results After exclusions, a cohort of 290 pregnant people with 372 unique encounters for tPTL remained. The mean maternal age was 26.7, and 15.6% of patients had a history of prior preterm birth. A total of 107 patients in 111 encounters received ACS, which were associated with lower body mass index (BMI), greater cervical dilation, greater effacement, membrane rupture, and more frequent contractions (all ps < 0.01). The mean presentation was at 33.5 weeks. Only 44% of those receiving ACS delivered within 7 days, compared with 11% of those who did not receive ACS (p < 0.001). Half (50%) of the patients receiving ACS delivered at >37 weeks. Adjusting for significant factors in the univariable analysis and limited to first encounter in triage, BMI (odds ratio: 0.91, 95% confidence interval: 0.87–0.95), cervical dilation ≥ 2 cm (2.49, 1.12–5.35), and cervical effacement ≥ 50% (4.80, 2.25–10.24) were significantly associated with patients receiving ACS.
Conclusion Greater cervical dilation and effacement and a lower BMI were associated with ACS administration, although most patients receiving ACS still did not deliver within 7 days.
Key Points
Firm value in the airline industry: perspectives on the impact of sustainability and Covid-19
Authors: Abdi Yaghoub , Li Xiaoni , Càmara-Turull Xavier 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTo date, there has been limited research undertaken into firm value determinants in the air transport industry, one of the most essential sectors for global business. In view of this, in this study, we review and synthesise the literature that focuses on the value of firms in this sector and discuss conceptually and empirically the determinants influencing airlines’ stock values. Our main objective is to widen our understanding of the current state of research on the firm value of air transport companies. Using the systematic literature review (SLR) approach, we classify 173 papers published from 1984 to 2021. We find considerable changes in academic interest in the topic over the time period analysed, especially as a consequence of crisis-induced market crashes. In addition, we classify the main research themes relating to airlines’ market value, identify gaps, and introduce potential future research avenues in this area. Among the themes identified, the adjustment in the industry-level factors such as alliances, market structure and competition were the most common source of fluctuations in airlines’ stock value. However, we find shifting to sustainability initiatives and its consequence for stakeholders’ value as one of the most discussed topics in this context. The trend has gained attention since early 2020 due to the emergence of the Covid-19 pandemic as companies are looking for green and sustainable ways to protect the value in crisis time. Our findings assist transportation researchers and executives in addressing major value drivers of airline firms.
Why do adults seek treatment for gaming (disorder)? A qualitative study
Authors: Karhulahti Veli-Matti , Behm Sanni , Lukka Lauri 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDespite gaming disorder now being diagnosable by the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) as a new mental disorder due to addictive behaviors, little is known about the concrete reasons for which people seek treatment for their videogame play. As the current literature is mainly based on children and adolescents, there is a strong need for better understanding adult treatment-seekers in particular. This preregistered study responds to the gap in research by qualitatively investigating the reasons for treatment-seeking with 110 participants who had sought help for their videogame play from a Finnish treatment program. We applied template analysis to the open-ended data, which consist of the participants’ personal accounts regarding their problems. Additionally, we report the game titles that the participants had problems with, as well as Internet Gaming Disorder Test (IGDT-10) scores, which were measured from 89 participants. The template analysis suggested five themes, which cover the main reasons for treatment-seeking: social reasons, existential reasons, practical reasons, self-perceived addiction, and wish for support. Many of these themes overlap with the ICD-11 description of gaming disorder, but several issues, such as loss of meaning and financial harms, are not part of the current diagnosis. The average IGDT-10 score among participants was 3.86 (SD = 2.55) and 37 (42%) individuals met the disorder cutoff (5.00). Numerous videogames with different designs were mentioned as sources of problems, of which 26 were mentioned more than once. The study indicates that adults seek treatment for many kinds of games and gaming-related problems, including but not limited to those, which are described part of the ICD-11 gaming disorder diagnoses. We recommend both researchers and practitioners to implement an expanded perspective on gaming behaviors, acknowledging that adults may seek treatment for diverse gaming-related problems, some of which not necessarily relevant to gaming disorder or mental disorders in general.
Valuation of candidate brand equity dimensions and voting intention: alternative polling data in the Spanish presidential election
Authors: Gutiérrez-Rodríguez Pablo , Villarreal Ricardo , Cuesta-Valiño Pedro , Blozis Shelley A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe current research examines the options available for political candidates to leverage their brand in order to influence voting intentions. Candidates, owing to the strong psychological connections they establish with their voters, are well-positioned to construct brand equity. Emotions are part of any brand–consumer relationship, but in the case of politics, the importance of this dimension may be more significant given that the brand, in this case, is a living person. This is expressed in the degree of consumer–voter commitment and emotional involvement. A multidimensional construct of brand equity is used to explore the relationships between its dimensions and voter intentions. The findings suggest a robust correlation between candidates’ brand equity and respondents’ future voting intentions. In addition, it is feasible to ascertain the characteristics of the brand equity of the different candidates and to identify the dimensions on which to focus efforts to improve brand equity. The current study enhances the utilization of candidate brand equity assessment as a viable alternative to polling data in practice. Its contribution lies in the potential to effectively manage the various dimensions of brand equity for the benefit of a candidate.