bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and Patterns of Self-Medication during COVID-19 Pandemic Amongst Pharmacy Students in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Badr Aisha F. , Alghamdi Lama , Baraidah Hanar , Alsulami Ruba 
Published: December 2022

Objective:
Self-medication prevalence and characteristics during the ongoing pandemic have been assessed and documented in some countries for COVID-19 treatment; little is known of this practice among pharmacy students who are estimated to have higher knowledge of medications and their use. This study aims to assess self-medication prevalence and pattern during COVID-19 pandemic in this population.

Materials and Methods:
following IRB approval, a descriptive, cross-sectional study was implemented, and a survey link was distributed among pharmacy students enrolled at King Abdulaziz University, from 1/1/2021 to 17/2/2021. Questionnaire items included (1) students’ demographic, (2) self-medication prevalence during the pandemic, (3) medications, vitamins and supplements used (pre and post infection), (4) source of information, and (5) how long they used the medication for.

Results:
A total of 270 students completed the survey (39.9% response rate). Majority were between 21–23 years of age (63.7%), female (70%), and single (97%). A total of 149 (55.2%) students practiced self-medication during COVID-19 pandemic. Most used supplements were vitamin C (38.9%), followed by multivitamins (22.2%) and vitamin D (18.1%). Most used OTC medication was paracetamol (26.3%) whereas, most prescription medication used was anxiolytics (4.8%), and antibiotics (3.3%). Most relied on personal knowledge for their practice (77.18%) and continued taking the supplement for less than a month (56%). Moreover, 9.3% (n = 25) were tested positive for COVID-19 and self-medicated with: vitamin C 44% (n = 11), zinc 24% (n = 6), and aspirin 12% (n = 3).

Conclusion:
Although most used supplements and OTC medications during the pandemic; there was a minority who did use prescription medications, such as anxiolytics, antibiotics and antidepressants which raise concerns over their unattended use and mandate awareness of risks associated with these medications.
FREQUENCY OF SUSTAINED VENTRICULAR ARRHYTHMIAS IN PATIENTS WITH NON-ST SEGMENT ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION AT A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Authors: Fazal Adnan , Babar Shah Muhammad , Asad Ali , Buzdar Abdul Wahab , Shaikh Muhammad Asim , Zaki Nasir Ali 
Published: December 2022

Objectives: To determine the frequency of sustained ventricular arrhythmias in Non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) patients.
Methodology: This is a Cross sectional study was done at Chaudhry Pervaiz Elahi Institute of Cardiology, Multan Pakistan from 10th August 2018 to 9th February 2019. We included 170 patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria with diagnosis of NSTEMI presented in department of cardiac emergency were selected. Informed consent was taken. The data was collected on prepared proforma.
Results: In our study mean age of patients was 50.90+7.25 years. There were 139 (81.76%) male patients and 31 (18.24%) female patients. There were 58 (34.12%) patients who were having diabetes mellitus, 68 (40.0%) patient’s having hypertension, 71 (41.76%) patients were smokers, 15 (8.82%) patients were having hypercholesterolemia, and 18 (10.59%) patients who were having positive family history of coronary artery disease (CAD). Sustained ventricular arrhythmias (VA) occurred in 9 (5.29%) patients of non-STEMI.
Conclusion: The incidence of Sustained ventricular arrhythmias in patients of non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) is 5.29%. The occurrence of such events remains difficult to predict. Cardiac monitoring should be done in all patients to monitor occurrence of such Sustained ventricular arrhythmias in these patients.
Narrativas em canções
Authors: Jardim Lucieleny Ribeiro , Morila Ailton Pereira 
Published: December 2022

Este texto é uma parte da dissertação do Mestrado, cuja pesquisa traz as narrativas em canções de jovens baianos, participantes do Festival Anual da Canção da Bahia. A juventude é parte de um mundo em transformação, onde vivenciam as questões e inseguranças de seu tempo, da classe e grupos sociais que estão integrados. Para realizar a pesquisa, foram analisadas composições que concorreram nas edições do Festival de 2008 até 2017 num total de 104 canções. Tomando essas observações como base, o artigo traz algumas questões desse universo social e os itinerários elaborados para a fruição do espaço público, compreendido como lugar de interação e de cidadania, em especial os temas mídia e poder e diversidade e hierarquia.
Educação não formal e comunitária
Authors: Silva Erick Carlos da , Morila Ailton Pereira 
Published: December 2022

Este trabalho busca apresentar as vivências do Estágio Supervisionado em Educação em Contextos não Escolares, do Curso de Pedagogia, na Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo - Ufes, o qual foi realizado no Centro de Atendimento Psicossocial de São Mateus Álcool e Drogas - CAPS/AD, entre os meses de maio e julho de 2022. Como aporte teórico, temos as contribuições de Gohn (2009; 2010) que traz o cerne da educação não formal como elemento constitutivo de formação a partir do cotidiano, além da educação comunitária que visa o desenvolvimento de práticas cidadãs, solidárias de recuperação de autoestima e de valores. Por outro lado, Freire (2013) comenta a respeito da conscientização através da práxis. Durante o estágio, foi observada a dinâmica de trabalho e o grupo dos pacientes que faziam parte do projeto de horta e, posteriormente, foi realizado um projeto de saúde, autocuidado e alimentação saudável, o qual dialogava com a realização da horta. Dessa maneira, foram realizadas, durante três dias, as seguintes ações: organização do espaço, palestras e dinâmicas sobre tais temáticas e posteriormente finalizamos um sarau que contou com leitura de poesias e expressão dos pacientes. Por fim, a experiência contribuiu, de grande valia, para a promoção da saúde, autocuidado e alimentação saudável.
Upaya Pengembangan Profesi Guru Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Lubis Nurul Mupida , Syahramanda Dimas Dwika , Jannah Raudhatul , Nabila Bidawi, Hilwa Faza , Sumayyah Lia , Ayundari Nanjah Fachira , Isnaini Isnaini 
Published: December 2022

Professionalism itself has not been understood by PAUD because it is not only an intention or desire. His sincerity must be reflected in his actions. PAUD teacher certification provides a positive meaning so that PAUD teachers continue to consistently improve their own professionalism. PGPAUD needs introspection to seek all means to increase the competitiveness of graduates as well as academic products and other services, which are achieved, among others, through improving the quality of education in order to have quality excellence.
Keywords: professionalism, teachers, early childhood, Indonesia
ALAM SEMESTA DALAM PERSPEKTIF FILSAFAT ISLAM
Authors: Dawi M. Nuh 
Published: December 2022

Alam merupakan bentuk kreasi ciptaan Allah yang maha Agung. Lihatlah betapa indahnya alam diciptakan yang menunjukkan kreasi yang luar biasa. Alam dengan segala jenis benda yang menampilkan keindahannya masing-masing merupakan karya maha agung Allah Swt. Esensi alam semesta adalah apa sebenarnya tujuan Allah menciptakan alam semesta bagi kita, apa manfaat alam semesta bagi kita dan lain-lain. Adapun tujuan Allah menciptakan alam semesta pada dasarnya adalah sarana untuk menghantarkan manusia pada pengetahuan dan pembuktian tentang keberadaan dan kemahakuasaan Allah Swt, bahwa ada Dzat yang Maha Kuasa yang menciptakan alam ini dengan teratur dan tanpa ada kesalahan. Misalnya malam tidak bisa mendahului siang, planet-planet berputar sesuai dengan garis edarnya sampai tiba hari kiamat, dan lain sebagainya.
PEMBIASAAN POLA HAFALAN AYAT PENDEK PADA ANAK USIA DINI DI RA LUQMAN AL-HAKIM, KALANGAN, TAPANULI TENGAH
Authors: Aini Nur , Armanila Armanila , Harahap Muhammad Riduan 
Published: December 2022

Penelitian ini berlokasi di RA Luqman Al-Hakim Kalangan, Tapanuli Tengah. Penelitian ini membahas seputar pola pembiasaan hafalan ayat pendek pada anak usia dini. Pola pembiasaan adalah suatu kegiatan pembelajaran bagi peserta didik agar senantiasa menerapkan sikap yang baik, bersikap jujur, mampu bertanggung jawab juga bertakwa kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa dan menjauhi laranganNya, contohnya yaitu perilaku untuk menerapkan pada anak usia dini dalam menghafal ayat-ayat pendek, beserta doa dalam kehidupan sehari-hari dan ditambah dengan hadits hingga bisa menjadi pembiasaan yang dilkukan oleh anak sehingga anak mampu menerapkannya dalam kehidupan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui bagaimana proses pembiasaan pola hafalan ayat pendek pada anak usia dini di RA Luqman Al-Hakim Kalangan, Tapanuli Tengah. Metode dari penelitian ini yakni penelitian deskriptif kualitatif yang melibatkan dua orang tenaga pendidik yaitu guru. Pada penelitian ini teknik Pengumpulan data yang diambil peneliti yaitu melalui wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Pada penelitian ini terdapat hasil bahwa proses hafalan surat pendek dilaksanakan setelah sholat dhuha dari jam 8:20 - 9:30 wib. Pada pembiasaan menghafal ini guru menggunakan metode ya baba, pembiasaan menghafal ayat pendek pada anak usia dini sangat mempunyai pengaruh yang cukup besar dalam perkembangan nilai agama anak.
KONSEP AL-QUR’AN DALAM MENDIDIK ANAK USIA LIMA TAHUN
Authors: Harahap Nikmah Royani , Prasetyo Rukmana 
Published: December 2022

Konsep Al-Qur’an dalam mendidik anak adalah mengajarkan atau mendidik anak dengan mencontoh bagaimana Rasulullah dalam mendidik anak, kemudia yang dapat dijadikan contoh adalah bagaimana Luqman yang mendidikan anaknya. Dimulai dengan perkataan yang lemah lembut dan panggilan yang penuh kasih dan sayang kepada anaknya, dengan sebutan ya bunayya. Akhlak yang ditunjukkan oleh Rasullah dan Luqman tersebutlah yang mesti menjadi contoh kepada para orangtua di dalam mendidik anak, terutama anak yang masih berusia 5 tahun. (2).Penerapan mendidik anak di saat ia berusia 5 tahun menurut konsep al-Qur’an adalah penerapan didikan yang dimulai dari lingkungan keluarga. Penerapan tersebut juga tercermin terhadap bagaimana Luqman mendidik anaknya. Adapun yang mesti menjadi bahan terapan adalah pelajaran tentang mentauhidkan Allah, dengan cara tidak sekali-kali menyekutukan Allah. Hormat dan patuh kepada kedua orangtua, serta berbuat baik dan menjauhi kemungkaran. Hal inilah yang hendaknya diterapkan kepada anak-anak di usia 5 tahun, agar ketika ia sudah dewasa mampu menjadi pribadi yang religius dan mampu istiqomah.
PEMIKIRAN SYEIKH H.M ARSYAD THALIB LUBIS TENTANG MATERI PENDIDIKAN ISLAM
Authors: Munte Wahlin 
Published: December 2022

Bahwasanya dimasa sekarang ini sudah banyak terjadi penyelewangan yang dilakukan oleh manusia. Melihat etika dan moral anak bangsa pada saat ini, posisi moral dan etika sering terabaikan dan tersingkir. Pemerintah harus ikut andil dalam permasalahan ini mungkin dengan memperbaiki konsep pendidikan atau mungkin dalam materi materi yang harus lebih mendalam membahas tentag etika dan moral. Kembali pada beberapa tahun yang lalu Syeikh Arsyad Thalib Lubis berhasil membuat setiap murid yang belajar pada beliau memiliki etika , moral dan berpengetahuan luas. Pada penelitian kali ini penulis mencoba melihat dan menganalisis materi apa yang di buat dan dilakukan Syeikh Arsyad Thalib Lubis, sehingga setiap yang telah berguru kepada beliau mempunyai etika, moral dan berakhlak mulia.
Metode Penelitian ini menggunakan metode jenis penelitian studi tokoh, dimana penelitian ini diperoleh dari berbagai sumber primer seperti beberap buku-buku karangan Syeikh Arsyad Thalib Lubis seperti; Perbandingan agama islam dan Kristen, Manusia dalam Pandangan Syeikh Arsyad Thalib Lubis, dan sumber data sekunder seperti; publikasi ilmiah berupa buku-buku, jurnal, artikel dan hasil penelitian lain yang berkaitan dengan judul tersebut. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Materi Pendidikan Syeikh Arsyad Thalib Lubis; 1. Materi ketuhanan (Tauhid). 2. Materi Kemanusiaan (Sosial). 3. Materi kerukunan (Multikultural).
PENANGGULANGAN BENCANA DAERAH KOTA CIREBON PERSEPEKTIF UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 24 TAHUN 2007
Authors: Ibrahim Idris Abas 
Published: December 2022

Bencana alam merupakan peristiwa atau rangkaian peristiwa yang mengancam atau mengganggu kehidupan dan penghidupan masyarakat yang disebabkan oleh gejala-gejala alam, baik itu gejala-gejala di perut bumi maupun akibat gejala-gejala cuaca dan perubahan iklim. Dalam mendukung pengembangan sistem penanggulangan bencana yang mencakup kebijakan, strategi dan operasi secara nasional mencakup pemerintah pusat dan daerah maka perlu dimulai dengan mengetahui sejauhmana penerapan peraturan terkait dengan penanggulangan bencana alam di daerah. Upaya penanggulangan bencana BPBD Kota Cirebon disesuaikan dengan misinya BPBD mempunyai misi untuk mempercepat jangkauan penanggulangan bencana, meningkatkan profesionalitas aparatur dan masyarakat terlatih dalam penanggulangan bencana, meningkatkan kesadaran dan kepedulian masyarakat dalam mengantisipasi bencana, meningkatkan koordinasi dan kerjasama lintas sektor dalam pelaksanaan saat tidak terjadi bencana maupun saat bencana
Evaluation of Streptocin SH3, a Bacteriocin produced by Streptococcus sanguinis isolated from Human Dental Plaque
Authors: Al-Taie Shahad Fadhil , Al- Musawi Muna T. , Rasheed Zaid S. 
Published: December 2022

Background: Bacteriocin is a peptidic toxin has many advantages to bacteria in their ecological niche and has strong antibacterial activity. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluation of bacteriocin using Streptococcus sanguinis isolated from human dental caries.
Subjects and Methods: Thirty five streptococcus isolates were diagnosed and tested for their production of bacteriocin, and then the optimal conditions for production of bacteriocin were determined. After that, the purification of bacteriocin was made partially by ammonium sulfate at 95% saturation levels, followed by and gel filtration chromatography using Sephadex G-50 column. Finally, physical characteristics were also studied and determined the bacteriocin stability.
Results: Among all streptococcal isolates, the S. sanguinis SH3 isolate with batter antimicrobial activity was selected, and used in further experiments. The optimum conditions for bacteriocin production were in Todd Hewitt broth (THB) supplemented with 1% glucose at 37°C for 24h under anaerobic conditions and inoculum size of (1.2 ˟ 109CFU/ml) and pH 7, where the inhibition zone diameter reached to 29 mm against Enterococcus faecalis. The purified bacteriocin had high inhibitory activity against S. pneumoniae, S. pyogenes, E. faecalis, E. faecium and Leuconostoc mesenteroides. Streptocin SH3 keeps its effectiveness within the pH range 3-10, and temperature until 80ºC for 20 min.
Conclusion: Bacteriocin produced from S. sanguinis has high activity against many pathogens and has high stability over wide ranges of temperature and pH, which makes it a good alternative in the medical and food preservation fields
The Youngest Palestinian Case of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in children (MIS-C)
Authors: Mazen Abunejma Fawzy , Muwaffaq Janem Abdelrhman , Mohammad Awaysa Asala , Nadi Kawazbeh Waleed , Mohammed Hasan Awad Rasha , Saleh ilian khalil Lamees , W. M. Jobran Afnan 
Published: December 2022

The multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) considers a post-infectious immunological response to coronavirus illness (COVID-19) that was originally identified in the United Kingdom and later identified in other countries. A previously healthy 3-month-old boy was admitted to hospital context with -5-day history of fever, gastrointestinal symptoms [diarrhea, vomiting of normal gastric contents], hypoactivity, and poor oral intake, but so far no history of covid-19 active disease. The infant was dehydrated, with macular non-blanching skin rash everywhere over his body and widespread non-pitting edema. With supportive measures, methylprednisolone and IV immunoglobulin, the child improved, with his fever, skin rash, and laboratory tests returning to normal. On the seventh day of hospitalization, he was discharged. This is identified as the youngest reported case of MIS-C since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic
The Association between CRP Levels with Comorbidities, Species, and Complications of Severe Malaria
Authors: Abdelwahab Salih , Nail Abdelsalam MA , Modawe GadAllah Osman 
Published: December 2022

Background: Malaria remains a leading cause of mortality in sub-Saharan Africa (including Sudan). C-reactive protein (CRP) is useful as a marker of severity in malaria. African studies have shown that serum CRP levels correlate with parasite burden and complications in malaria, especially falciparum. However, there are no data on CRP levels in Sudanese malaria patients.
This study aims to evaluate the association between CRP levels with comorbidities, species, and complications of severe malaria
Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional study enrolled 65 severe malaria patients at Khartoum state hospitals during the period from April to June2021. Manifestations of severe malaria were defined according to WHO criteria. Data regarding demographics, presenting symptoms & signs, laboratory investigations, complications, length of hospital stay and outcomes were collected. CRP was classified as elevated when the measured level was >10 mg/l.
Results: Among 65 patients, 33(50.8%) were females and 32(49.2%) were males, and mean age was 48±21 years. The main manifestation of severe malaria diagnosis criteria was anemia in 26(40%) patients. Most of the patients had density 1+ (n=53; 81.5%) and were infected by P. falciparum (n=61; 93.8%). The overall case fatality rate for malaria was 8% (n=15 patients). The mean of CRP was 72±57 mg/L and 84% (n=55) of patients had elevated levels above 10 mg/L (ranged from 10-100 mg/L in 52%, and above 100 mg/L in 32%). The elevated CRP levels were significantly DM (P= 0.048), high malaria parasite density in blood film (P= 0.001), P. falciparum (P= 0.33), presence of complications (P= 0.001) and death (P= 0.003)
Conclusion: Elevated CRP levels were found in a considerable proportion of severe malaria patients. CRP is an effective biomarker in assessing malaria severity and poor prognosis in term of complications development and mortality.
Gingival Pigmentation Pattern in Correlation to Skin Color in a Group of Kurdish People in Sulaimani City
Authors: Amin Soma , Azeez Shokhan H. 
Published: December 2022

Background: Melanin pigmentation of the gingiva appears in all ethnicities. Excessive pigmentation is an esthetic concern that has increased awareness about depigmentation procedures. This epidemiological study aims to find the correlation between skin color and gingival pigmentation in Sulaimani Governorate, Kurdistan/Iraq.
Subjects and Methods: A total of 820 apparently healthy and non-smokers, including 338 males and 482 females with healthy gingiva, aged between (18-40 years old) were enrolled in this study. Clinical examination on the participants’ gingivae was performed to assess color, and the distribution of pigmentations. Afterward the of participants skin color were visually examined and divided into six groups according to the Fitzpatrick scale.
Results: Skin color of (53%) of our participants was medium to light brown. Most of the pigmentations were observed in the attached gingiva and interdental papilla (26.83%) and least being in the marginal gingiva and interdental papilla (9.27%). A statistically significant correlation was found between the participants’ skin color, and the intensity of their gingival pigmentations
Conclusion: Darker-skinned subjects haveeavieringival pigmentation compared toair-skinned people in Sulaimani Governorate, Kurdistan/ Iraq. The intensity of gingival pigmentation increases with age with the highest rate of gingival pigmentation was in the upper and lower second premolar to premolar area.
Developing Geospatial Database For Emergency Response; A Case Study of Fire, Health And Security Facilities in Rivers State
Authors: Aminigbo Leonard Michael Onyinyechi , Omogunloye Olusola Gabriel 
Published: December 2022

Effective and efficient emergency management and response requires having the right information within the shortest possible time frame in order to save lives and property, this also involves the free flow of the right information in the right format, to the right person, in the right time to make the right decision. The aim of this research is to evaluate benefits of the use of Geoinformatics technology in emergency management to assist in planning and acting as a decision support system to Fire, Health and Security emergency managers. In this research, Rivers state fire stations were evaluated as a unit of emergency delivery system, the research examined the role of Geoinformatics in evaluating the performance of emergency fire service delivery based on response time and fire station distribution. Using ArcGIS Network analysis and an annual fire incident record from year 2000-2012, the study revealed that the functional fire stations operating in Rivers state were unable to cover the entire populated regions within 5 minutes response time. In the case of this research the primary question that was addressed was; "Does everyone have access to rescue services within five minutes of travel time?" The research concluded by proposing the location of three fire stations using location allocation tool to help reduce the burden of other fire station and ensured ninety five percent (95%) wider coverage and reduced response time. This research also recommended that more efforts should be channeled towards curbing the practice of illegal and crude ways of refining petroleum products in the state; hence the result of the partial correlation of the variables associated with causes of fire incidents in Rivers State indicates a huge influence of kerosene explosion. The nearest neigbour index (RN) of 0.59 for Hospital indicates a clustered pattern of distribution of health facilities in Rivers State, hence there should be deliberate policies to ensure regular pattern of distribution which allows spatial equidistance to these facilities Due to the unavailability of current Population data the research was carried out using 2006 population data of the study area which do not extensively cover the remote communities This researcher suggested the following areas for further study; The spatial distribution of fire incident in Rivers state in relation to the underlying social composition of the population using derivative index analysis, the use of web based GIS for effective emergency responds could be a viable area to explore. The spatiotemporal location and relocation of stationary ambulance service in a bid to provide even service delivery within the city