bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Applying a systems oriented ethical decision making framework to mitigating social and structural determinants of health
Authors: Smith Carlos S. 
Published: July 2023

ObjectivesClinical ethical decision-making models are largely geared toward individual clinician choices and individual patient outcomes, not necessarily accounting for larger systemic issues that affect optimal patient outcomes. The purpose of this paper is to provide an ethical decision-making model, drawing upon systems orientation and ethical theory, specifically incorporating and aiding in the mitigation of social and structural determinants of health.MethodsThis paper presents a systems-oriented ethical decision-making framework derived from the analysis and critique of the Four-Box Method for Ethical Decision-Making by Jonsen, Siegler, and Winslade. Drawing upon both deontological and utilitarian ethical theory, the developed framework will assist providers, organizations, and health system leaders in navigating the increasingly complex ethical dimensions of care delivery for underserved patient populations, who are largely impacted by social and structural determinants of health.ResultsThe needs of underserved patients are inextricably linked to various social and structural determinants of health that, if left unaddressed, result in even poorer health outcomes, exacerbating existing health disparities. A systems-oriented ethical decision-making framework, centered on obligation, duty, and a utilitarian view of the optimal good, will aid providers, organizations, health system leaders, and community stakeholders in navigating the increasingly complex ethical dimensions of care delivery for underserved patient populations.ConclusionSocioeconomic and political contexts have a significant impact on the way society is organized, how people are positioned in society, and how they will fare in terms of their health. Healthcare providers, including dentists, are largely unaware of and insensitive to the social issues that underlie the biological or psychological concerns that patients from socially disadvantaged backgrounds face. A systems-oriented ethical decision-making model will aid in mitigating social and structural determinants of health and the dental profession's obligations to the underserved.
Time to first childbirth and its predictors among reproductive-age women in Ethiopia: survival analysis of recent evidence from the EDHS 2019
Authors: Kitaw Tegene Atamenta , Haile Ribka Nigatu 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundBeing a mother for the first time is the most significant event in a woman's life. “Age at first birth” refers to a mother's age in years when she gives birth to her first child. The age of first childbirth has physical, economic, and social implications. However, little is known about this issue in Ethiopia. Thus, this study sought to determine the time to first childbirth and its predictors at a national level.MethodsData were extracted from the 2019 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey using STATA version 17 software. A total of 8,885 weighted reproductive-age women (15–49 years) were included in this study. A Kaplan–Meier survivor curve was generated to estimate the time of first childbirth. A log-rank test was used to compare the difference in survival curves. Akaike information criteria and Bayesian information criteria were calculated to select the appropriate survival model for the data. The Weibull accelerated failure time model with no frailty distribution was used to identify significant predictors.ResultsThe overall median survival time to first childbirth was 18 years. The significant predictors of time to first childbirth were the educational level of the mother [primary education (ϕ = 1.036, 95% CI: 1.011, 1.063), secondary and above education (ϕ = 1.154, 95% CI: 1.118, 1.191)], knowledge of any contraceptive method [know at least one (ϕ = 1.051, 95% CI: 1.006, 1.101)], and media exposure (ϕ = 1.048, 95% CI: 1.011, 1.086).ConclusionThe median survival time to first childbirth was 18 years, which is lower than the optimal age for first childbirth (late 20 s and early 30 s). The timing of first childbirth in Ethiopia is mainly influenced by the educational level of women, knowledge of contraceptive methods, and exposure to media. Thus, exposing women to educational materials and other awareness-creation campaigns regarding the consequences of early first childbirth and strategies to improve women's knowledge of contraceptive methods is highly recommended.
Dynamics and landscape of academic discourse on environmental attitudes and behaviors since the 1970s
Authors: Telesiene Audrone , Hadler Markus 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionThis study addresses the lack of systematic review and analysis of the academic discourse on environmental attitudes and behaviors. Despite the wealth of knowledge published in academic journals, there is a need to understand the order and content of this discourse, including the employed theoretical approaches and empirical evidence.MethodsA combination of systematic literature review and quantitative content analysis methods was employed. Articles for analysis were identified through Web of Science and SCOPUS, followed by a detailed analysis of 200 papers from the journal Environment and Behavior. The study aimed to explore the historical stages, theoretical diversity, and the empirical evidence brought forward in the academic discourse on environmental attitudes and behaviors.ResultsThe findings reveal distinct historical stages within the academic field of environmental attitudes and behaviors. There is a notable growth in theoretical diversity and intensity of the discourse, particularly after 2000. The dominance of socio-psychological explanatory models is evident. Furthermore, the empirical evidence base is geographically limited, mostly coming from the US.DiscussionThe study discusses the limitations of the academic discourse on environmental attitudes and behaviors and provides guidelines for future research. It emphasizes the need to address the identified shortcomings, such as expanding theoretical perspectives and increasing the geographical diversity of empirical evidence. The study's findings contribute to understanding the development and characteristics of the academic field, while also identifying avenues for further exploration.
Effects of a proprioceptive focal stimulation (Equistasi®) on reducing the biomechanical risk factors associated with ACL injury in female footballers
Authors: Spolaor Fabiola , Guiotto Annamaria , Ciniglio Alfredo , Cibin Federica , Sawacha Zimi 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionFootball presents a high rate of lower limb injuries and high incidence of Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) rupture, especially in women. Due to this there is the need to optimize current prevention programs. This study aims to verify the possibility to reduce the biomechanical risk factors associated with ACL injury, through the application of proprioceptive stimulation by means of the Equistasi® device.MethodsTen elite female footballers were enrolled and received the device for 4 weeks (5 days/week, 1h/day). Athletes were assessed directly on-field at four time points: T0 and T1 (evaluation without and with the device), T2 (after 2 weeks), T4 (after 4 weeks) while performing two different tasks: Romberg Test, and four sidestep cutting maneuvers bilaterally. Seven video cameras synchronized with a plantar pressure system were used, thirty double colored tapes were applied on anatomical landmarks, and three dimensional coordinates reconstructed. Vertical ground reaction forces and center of pressure data were extracted from the plantar pressure insoles. Hip, knee, and ankle flexion-extension angles and moments were computed as well as abd-adduction joint torques. From the Romberg Test both center of pressure descriptive variables and frequency analysis parameters were extracted. Each variable was compared among the different time frames, T1, T2 and T4, through Friedman Test for non-parametric repeated measures (p&lt;0.05); Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test was used for comparing variables between T0 and T1 (p&lt;0.05) and across the different time frames as follows: T1–T2, T2–T4 and T1–T4.ResultsStatistically significant differences in both posturographic and biomechanical variables between the assessment at T0 and T1 were detected. Reduced hip and knee abduction torques were revealed in association with reduced both ground reaction forces and ankle dorsiflexion torque from T1 up to T4.DiscussionThe proprioceptive stimuli showed to have the potential to improve cutting biomechanics mainly with respect to the ligament and quadriceps dominance theories. Results of the present study, even if preliminary and on a small sample size, could be considered promising towards the inclusion of proprioceptive training in injury prevention programs.
The effects of 10-week plyometric training program on athletic performance in youth female handball players
Authors: Gaamouri Nawel , Hammami Mehrez , Cherni Yosser , Rosemann Thomas , Knechtle Beat , Chelly Mohamed Souhaiel , van den Tillaar Roland 
Published: July 2023

PurposeThe aim of the study was to investigate the effects of a 10-week plyometric training (PT) on changes of direction, jumping ability, repeated sprint ability, and both muscular strength and power in youth female handball players.MethodsTwenty-eight participants (age: 15.8 ± 0.2 years) were randomly divided into a plyometric group (PG; n = 14) or a control group (CG; n = 14). Significant (group × time) interaction was noted for change of direction (COD) [Modified agility T-test (T-half)], three jumping tests [squat jump (SJ), countermovement jump (CMJ) and standing long jump (SLJ)], repeated sprint ability (RSA), muscular strength (1-RM bench press and 1-RM half squat) and muscular power (force-velocity test for both upper and lower limb).ResultsWith a group × time interaction, the PG enhanced the T-half performance [p &lt; 0.001, Δ = 10.4, d = 1.95 (large)] compared to the CG. The PG enhanced the jump performance over SJ [p = 0.009, Δ = 18.3, d = 0.72 (medium)], CMJ [p = 0.005, Δ = 20.7, d = 0.79 (medium)] and SLJ [p &lt; 0.001, Δ = 24.5, d = 2.25 (large)]. Three of four RSA scores increased significantly in the PG compared to the CG [p &lt; 0.001, Δ = 2.76, d = 1.11 (large); p &lt; 0.001, Δ = 2.72, d = 1.23 (large); and p &lt; 0.001, Δ = 2.75, d = 1.21 (large), in best time (RSA-BT), mean time (RSA-MT) and total time (RSA-TT), respectively]. In contrast, group × time interactions revealed no significant differences in both 1-RM bench press and 1-RM half squat performance between PG and CG. Regarding the force velocity performance, the PG enhanced 3 of 4 force velocity scores for the upper limb performance [p &lt; 0.001, d = 1 (large); p &lt; 0.001, d = 1.13 (large) and p = 0.012, d = 0.72 (medium) for the peak power in these two forms (W and W·kg-1), and maximal pedalling velocity, respectively], and 2 of 4 force velocity scores for the lower limb performance [p = 0.045, d = 0.56 (medium); and p = 0.021, d = 0.65 (medium) for the peak power in these two forms (W and W·kg-1), respectively].ConclusionIt was concluded that additional PT performed two times per week during 10 weeks enhances measures related to game performance, such as COD, jump ability, RSA, and power in youth female handball players.
Gut microbiota alternation with training periodization and physical fitness in Japanese elite athletes
Authors: Akazawa Nobuhiko , Nakamura Mariko , Eda Nobuhiko , Murakami Haruka , Nakagata Takashi , Nanri Hinako , Park Jonguk , Hosomi Koji , Mizuguchi Kenji , Kunisawa Jun , Miyachi Motohiko , Hoshikawa Masako 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionThe gut microbiome plays a fundamental role in host homeostasis through regulating immune functions, enzyme activity, and hormone secretion. Exercise is associated with changes in gut microbiome composition and function. However, few studies have investigated the gut microbiome during training periodization. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between training periodization and the gut microbiome in elite athletes.MethodsIn total, 84 elite athletes participated in the cross-sectional study; and gut microbiome was determined during their transition or preparation season period. Further, 10 short-track speed skate athletes participated in the longitudinal study, which assessed the gut microbiome and physical fitness such as aerobic capacity and anaerobic power in the general and specific preparation phase of training periodization. The gut microbiome was analyzed using 16S rRNA sequencing.ResultsThe cross-sectional study revealed significant differences in Prevotella, Bifidobacterium, Parabacteroides, and Alistipes genera and in enterotype distribution between transition and preparation season phase periodization. In the longitudinal study, training phase periodization altered the level of Bacteroides, Blautia, and Bifidobacterium in the microbiome. Such changes in the microbiome were significantly correlated with alternations in aerobic capacity and tended to correlate with the anaerobic power.DiscussionThese findings suggest that periodization alters the gut microbiome abundance related to energy metabolism and trainability of physical fitness. Athlete's condition may thus be mediated to some extent by the microbiota in the intestinal environment.
Case report: Successful medical management of adrenocortical carcinoma with metastasis in a Maltese dog
Authors: Park Sin-Wook , Kim Keon , Kim Ock-Kyu , Ro Woong-Bin , Lee Chang-Min 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionAdrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) with metastasis has a grave prognosis, and adrenalectomy is associated with a high perioperative mortality rate in dogs. A favorable outcome following trilostane treatment in patients with metastatic ACC confirmed by a decreased size of the adrenal tumor and metastatic lesions has not been reported in dogs.Case descriptionA 12-year-old neutered male Maltese dog was diagnosed with a right adrenal tumor and a hepatic mass. Adrenal-dependent hyperadrenocorticism (ADH) was diagnosed based on clinical signs and an adrenocorticotropic hormone stimulation test (ACTHST). In addition, tests for plasma metanephrine and normetanephrine ruled out a pheochromocytoma. Based on cytology and computed tomography, unresectable metastatic ACC was confirmed. The dog was managed with trilostane due to the presence of distant metastasis. Medical management improved the clinical signs and post-ACTHST cortisol concentrations. One year after the first presentation, the clinical signs and ACTHST test showed a favorable outcome. In addition, computed tomography revealed a decreased size of the right adrenal tumor and resolution of the hepatic mass.ConclusionsTrilostane could be considered as a treatment option for unresectable metastatic ACC. A decrease in tumor size following treatment with trilostane has not been reported in dogs. This case report is the first to demonstrate a favorable outcome of metastatic ACC following trilostane mono therapy for &gt;1 year.
Performance Mesin Perontok Dalam Mempertahankan Kualitas Dan Kuantitas Gabah Di Kabupaten Sumbawa Barat
Authors: Sartika Novi Dewi , Ramdhani Zuhriyah 
Published: July 2023

Penggilingan padi memiliki peran yang sangat penting, peranan ini tercermin dari besarnya jumlah penggilingan padi yang menyebar hampir merata di seluruh daerah sentra produksi padi di Indonesia. Besarnya jumlah penggilingan padi yang tersebar di sejumlah daerah tidak menjamin kualitas beras yang dihasilkan akan lebih baik. Salah satu daerah yang telah menggunakan teknologi penggilingan padi adalah Kabupaten Sumbawa Barat. Mesin penggiling yang digunakan di daerah ini bersifat berpindah-pindah (mobile). Maka dari itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh dari varietas padi yang digunakan terhadap mutu beras hasil penggilingan, menentukan kualitas/mutu beras yang dihasilkan, dan menentukan rendemen dari hasil penggilingan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggiling varietas padi Ciherang, Cigelis dan Infari 32 menggunakan mesin penggiling mobile masing-masing tiga kali ulangan. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh adalah varietas padi berpengaruh nyata terhadap rendemen dan susut penggilingan. Varietas Infari 32 menghasilkan rendemen tertinggi rata-rata 69.41%, disusul oleh varietas Cigelis 62.75% dan Ciherang 59.36%. Varietas Infari 32 juga menghasilkan susut paling rendah 1.46% dibandingkan Ciherang (3.48%) dan Cigelis (2.95%). Kata kunci: Mesin penggiling mobile; mutu beras; rendemen giling; padi
STUDI KARAKTERISTIK KERUPUK: PENGARUH KOMPOSISI DAN PROSES PENGOLAHAN
Authors: Pakpahan Novriaman , Nelinda Nelinda 
Published: July 2023

Kerupuk adalah sejenis makanan ringan yang sangat dikenal kenal di Indonesia. Produk ini memiliki densitas rendah, berporos dan bertekstur renyah. Kerupuk telah dikembangkan dengan berbagai komposisi bahan dan teknik pengolahan yang berbeda. Ulasan ilmiah ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari keterkaitan komposisi bahan dan proses pengolahan terhadap karakteristik kerupuk berdasarkan hasil studi penelitian yang telah ada. Studi terkait kerenyahan sebagai indikator mutu kerupuk juga dijelaskan dalam ulasan ini. Sensasi kerenyahan kerupuk terjadi akibat adanya kejadian retakan dan bunyi pada matriks gelas saat digigit. Kerupuk yang memiliki pengembangan tinggi, jumlah pori banyak, dan dinding pori tipis mempunyai tingkat kerenyahan yang tinggi. Ada dua variabel yang bekerja dalam pembentukkan stuktur dan pengembangan kerupuk yaitu perpindahan massa uap air dan sifat viskoelastis polimer. Perpindahan massa uap air menghasilkan tekanan terhadap polimer dan polimer bertahan terhadap tekanan tersebut. Kedua variabel ini membentuk kesetimbangan yang menentukan ukuran pori, ketebalan dinding pori dan besarnya volume pengembangan kerupuk. Sifat viskoelastis polimer pati dipengaruhi oleh jenis pati, proses pemasakan, pendinginan gel pati dan interaksi gel dengan bahan lainnya seperti protein, garam dan air. Tekanan uap air dipengaruhi oleh proses pemanasan, kadar air dan unsur bahan lain seperti soda kue. Kata kunci : Kerenyahan, kerupuk, pengembangan, tekstur
KADAR LEMAK DAN SENSORI SOSIS AYAM DENGAN PENAMBAHAN KULIT BUAH NAGA MERAH (Hylocereus polyrhizus) YANG BERBEDA
Authors: Mukminah Nurul , Fathurohman Ferdi 
Published: July 2023

Red dragon fruit peels contain potential substances and are very useful including pectin 10.79%, 69.30% total fiber food, 0.25% fat and betacyanin pigment of 150.46 mg / 100 g). Low fat content and betacyanin which can be a natural coloring of low fat foods. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of adding red dragon fruit peel paste to fat content and sensory. The main ingredients used in this study are chicken meat, mocaf flour, isolate protein, red dragon fruit peels paste, vegetable oil, egg whites, herbs and shells. This study uses a completely randomized design with 3 treatments and 3 replications. The treatment given is the addition of red dragon fruit peel paste 0%, 5% and 10%. Research data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) with a significance level of 5%. Variables observed were fat content and sensory tests (color, taste, aroma, texture and suppleness) of 28 panelists. The results showed that the fat content of chicken sausage with adding red dragon fruit peel paste 0% (8.51%), 5% (8.21%) and 10% (7.39%). Provision of red dragon fruit peel paste 10% has a significant effect (P <0.05) on the reduction of chicken sausage fat content. Treatment 10% had a significant effect (P <0.05) on color, texture and suppleness, but no significant effect (P> 0.05) on taste and aroma. The results of the panelist's assessment of the chicken sausage 10% treatment ie the panelists liked the taste, color, aroma, suppleness and texture of the panelists quite like. Keywords: chicken sausage; fat level; organoleptic test; red dragon fruit peels.
Bioaktivitas Pala (Myristica fragrans Houtt) Ulasan Ilmiah
Authors: Suloi Andi Fitra 
Published: July 2023

Pala (Myristica fragrans Houtt) adalah tanaman yang banyak tumbuh di beberapa daerah seperti Aceh, Sumatera Barat, Jawa Barat, Sulawesi, Maluku, Nusa Tenggara Barat, Papua Barat dan daerah lainnya. Pala merupakan salah satu jenis rempah yang populer di Indonesia karena nilai kulinernya. Karakteristik fisik dan kimia buah pala setiap daerah berbeda-beda sehingga berpengaruh terhadap biokativitas yang dihasilkan. Saat ini, pemanfaatan pala masih sangat terbatas pada produk olahannya sedangkan pemanfaatannya sebagai obat masih sangat terbatas. Beberapa penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemanfaatan pala dalam bidang farmakologis masih sangat berkembang hingga saat ini seperti antiinflammatory, antimikroba, antioksidan, dan antifungi. Komponen utama buah pala adalah trimiristin yang dapat berfungsi sebagai antibakteri dan antijamur. Selain itu, senyawa fenolik lainnya seperti fenilpropanoid, lignan dan neolignan merupakan komponen utama buah pala. Ulasan ilmiah ini di buat untuk mengulas tentang bioaktivitas pala berdasarkan penelitian-penelitian ilmiah yang telah dipublikasikan. Berdasarkan ulasan ilmiah ini dapat diketahui bahwa pala menunjukkan aktivitas antioksidan, antibakteri, antiinflamasi dan antifungi. Oleh karena itu, buah pala berpotensi digunakan sebagai alternatif pengobatan dalam bidang kesehatan. Kata kunci: Antibakteri; antifungi; antiinflamasi; antioksidan; pala
Pengaruh Penggunaan Tepung Pisang (Musa paradisiaca) Dan Lama Fermentasi Terhadap Sifat Fisikokimia Roti Utti
Authors: R Nurhilmi Halisa R Halisa , Zainal Zainal 
Published: July 2023

Roti utti merupakan salah satu jenis kue tradisional yang berasal dari suku bugis dan diolah dari pisang utuh yang dicampur dengan tepung beras. Roti utti dapat menjadi alternatif produk pangan dengan serat yang mencukupi. Diperlukan inovasi untuk memperbaiki sifat fisikokimia roti utti guna meningkatkan daya tariknya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan tepung pisang tingkat kematangan 2 dan 6 serta lama fermentasi terhadap sifat fisikokimia dan organoleptik roti utti, dan untuk mengetahui formulasi terbaik dalam pembuatan roti utti. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap faktorial dengan perlakuan terdiri dari penggunaan pisang, tepung pisang dengan kematangan 2, tepung pisang dengan kematangan 6 dan lama fermentasi yaitu 30 menit, 60 menit dan 90 menit. Parameter yang diamati meliputi volume spesifik, tekstur, porositas roti, kadar air, kadar abu, kadar serat kasar dan organoleptik. Pemilihan perlakuan terbaik dilakukan dengan melihat parameter hasil analisis fisik dan dilanjutkan dengan analisis organoleptik metode perbandingan jamak. Perlakuan roti utti terbaik adalah roti utti dari tepung pisang kematangan 2 dengan lama fermentasi 60 menit dengan nilai volume spesifik 3.78 ml/g, porositas roti 38.42 cm-2 dan tekstur 4.33 N. Nilai organoleptik yaitu 3.9 yang menunjukkan lebih baik dari sampel pembanding (roti utti komersial). Hasil analisis kimia roti utti yaitu kadar air 47.62%, kadar abu 4.98% dan kadar serat kasar 3.27%. Kata kunci: Pisang; Tepung Pisang; Fermentasi; Roti Utti; Tingkat Kematangan