bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Women s' perception on role of breast self-examination in early breast cancer detection
Authors: Uzma Kausar  , Amir Ahmad  , Muhammad Sohail Anjum Noor  , Areeba Sohail  
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: A good knowledge of the predictive and precepting factors can reduce the risk of breast cancer. This study aimed to assess female patients' knowledge of breast cancer, self-examination techniques, and other screening methods.
METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out at the territory care hospital Khurrianwala Faisalabad, including 500 women attending the outpatient department from June 2022 to November 2022 after taking informed consent. Data collected by filling out a validated questionnaire was analyzed through SPSS software version 22.0. Relationships between categorical variables were tested by using the chi-square test, and a p<0.05 is considered highly significant.
RESULTS: Out of 500 study participants, 304(60.8 %) know about breast cancer, of which 64(12.8 %) have a positive family history, 436(87.2 %) have no history of breast cancer, and 196(39.2%) were unaware of breast cancer. Out of the total participants, 60.8 % were aware of Breast self-examination, while 39.2% did not know. There is a significant association for the practice of breast self-examination in the population above higher education p-value≤0.001. Similarly, occupation p-value≤0.001, marital status p-value=0.040, and education p-value≤0.001 have significant associations with BSE.
CONCLUSION: The current study showed that knowledge of breast cancer and the practice of BSE and mammography were very poor. A health education program involving the local and governing bodies should be organized to reduce the prevalence and create awareness.
Prococaciones y tensiones del Antropoceno
Authors: Tironi Manuel , Undurraga Beltrán 
Published: September 2023

La sección Simposio de la revista Estudios Públicos es un espacio de debate académico público en torno a ideas de alcance sustantivo. Se compone de un artículo original, sometido previamente a revisión de pares, que es críticamente analizado en contribuciones cortas por cuatro académicos desde distintos ángulos y disciplinas. El simposio cierra con una respuesta de los autores del ar-tículo original a los comentarios realizados.
El Antropoceno, o la hipótesis según la cual la actividad humana se ha convertido en una fuerza capaz de alterar las dinámicas terrestres inaugurando una nueva era geológica, ha generado una serie de debates más allá de las ciencias de la Tierra. En el presente artículo revisamos tres discusiones que el concepto ha provocado en las ciencias sociales y las humanidades, y que ponen de manifiesto los equívocos que el Antropoceno trae consigo: la tensión entre simetría o irreductiblidad entre naturaleza y sociedad; la condición del agente humano al que se le imputan las transformaciones en curso, y el sentido y alcance ético-político de las acciones que comienzan a movilizarse para responder a la crisis. Sobre la base de los fértiles claroscuros y desacuerdos del Antropoceno, y atendiendo tanto a la crisis planetaria que enfrentamos como al inusual dinamismo geológico de nuestro territorio, especulamos sobre la necesidad de ‘geologizar’ la sociología chilena, incorporando elementos y fuerzas más-que-humanas en sus recuentos de la constitución de lo social. A modo de ejemplos, planteamos la importancia de crear analíticas y métodos para pensar la identidad cultural, la corporalidad y la política desde su composición e interdependencia geológica. Concluimos invitando a la sociología chilena a hacerse parte del problema y a dejarse interpelar por la pregunta con que el Antropoceno nos incomoda: qué haremos.
A Comparison of the Composition of Planets in Single-planet and Multiplanet Systems Orbiting M dwarfs
Authors: Rodríguez Martínez Romy , Martin David V. , Gaudi B. Scott , Schulze Joseph G. , Asnodkar Anusha Pai , Boley Kiersten M. , Ballard Sarah 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We investigate and compare the composition of M-dwarf planets in systems with only one known planet (“singles”) to those residing in multiplanet systems (“multis”) and the fundamental properties of their host stars. We restrict our analysis to planets with directly measured masses and radii, which comprise a total of 70 planets: 30 singles and 40 multis in 19 systems. We compare the bulk densities for the full sample, which includes planets ranging in size from 0.52 R
⊕ to 12.8 R
⊕, and find that single planets have significantly lower densities on average than multis, which we cannot attribute to selection biases. We compare the bulk densities normalized by an Earth model for planets with R

p
< 6 R
⊕ and find that multis are also denser with 99% confidence. We calculate and compare the core/water mass fractions (CMF/WMF) of low-mass planets (M

p
< 10 M
⊕) and find that the likely rocky multis (with R

p
< 1.6 R
⊕) have lower CMFs than singles. We also compare the [Fe/H] metallicity and rotation period of all single-planet versus multiplanet host stars with such measurements in the literature and find that multiplanet hosts are significantly more metal-poor than those hosting a single planet. Moreover, we find that the host star metallicity decreases with increasing planet multiplicity. In contrast, we find only a modest difference in the rotation period. The significant differences in planetary composition and metallicity of the host stars point to different physical processes governing the formation of single-planet and multiplanet systems in M dwarfs.
Revisiting Orbital Evolution in HAT-P-2 b and Confirmation of HAT-P-2 c
Authors: de Beurs Zoë L. , de Wit Julien , Venner Alexander , Berardo David , Bryan Jared , Winn Joshua N. , Fulton Benjamin J. , Howard Andrew W. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
One possible formation mechanism for Hot Jupiters is that high-eccentricity gas giants experience tidal interactions with their host star that cause them to lose orbital energy and migrate inwards. We study these types of tidal interactions in an eccentric Hot Jupiter called HAT-P-2 b, which is a system where a long-period companion has been suggested and hints of orbital evolution were detected. Using 5 additional years of radial velocity (RV) measurements, we further investigate these phenomena. We investigated the long-period companion by jointly fitting RVs and Hipparcos-Gaia astrometry and confirmed this long-period companion, significantly narrowed down the range of possible periods (

P

2

=

8500

−
1500

+
2600

days), and determined that it must be a substellar object (

10.7

−
2.2

+
5.2

M
j). We also developed a modular pipeline to simultaneously model rapid orbital evolution and the long-period companion. We find that the rate and significance of evolution are highly dependent on the long-period companion modeling choices. In some cases the orbital rates of change reached

de

/

dt

=

3.28

−
1.72

+
1.75

×

10

−
3

yr−1, d
ω/dt = 1.12° ± 0.22° yr−1, which corresponds to a ∼321 yr apsidal precession period. In other cases, the data is consistent with de/dt = 7.67 ± 18.6 × 10−4 yr−1, d
ω/dt = 0.76° ± 0.24° yr−1. The most rapid changes found are significantly larger than the expected relativistic precession rate and could be caused by transient tidal planet–star interactions. To definitively determine the magnitude and significance of potential orbital evolution in HAT-P-2 b, we recommend further monitoring with RVs and precise transit and eclipse timings.
Mixed-mode Ensemble Asteroseismology of Low-luminosity Kepler Red Giants
Authors: Kuszlewicz James S. , Hon Marc , Huber Daniel 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We present measurements of the dipole mode asymptotic period spacing (ΔΠ1), the coupling factor between the p- and g-modes (q), the g-mode phase offset (ϵ

g
), and the mixed-mode frequency rotational splitting (δ
ν
rot) for 1074 low-luminosity red giants from the Kepler mission. Using oscillation mode frequencies extracted from each star, we apply Bayesian optimization to estimate ΔΠ1 from the power spectrum of the stretched-period spectrum and to perform the subsequent forward modeling of the mixed-mode frequencies. With our measurements, we show that the mode coupling factor q shows significant anticorrelation with both the stellar mass and metallicity, and can reveal highly metal-poor stars. We present the evolution of ϵ

g
up the lower giant branch up to before the luminosity bump, and find no significant trends in ϵ

g
or δ
ν
rot with the stellar mass and metallicity in our sample. Additionally, we identify six new red giants showing anomalous distortions in their g-mode pattern. Our data products, code, and results are provided in a public repository.
Cluster Analysis To Explore Clinical Subphenotypes Of Eosinophilic Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis (Churg–Strauss)
Authors: Rubenstein Emma , Maldini Carla , Vaglio Augusto , Bello Federica , Bremer Jan Phillip , Moosig Frank , Bottero Paolo , Pesci Alberto , Sinico Renato Alberto , Grosskreutz Julian , Feder Claudia , Saadoun David , Trivioli Giorgio , Maritati Federica , Rewerska Barbara , Szczeklik Wojciech , Fraticelli Paolo , Guida Giuseppe , Gregorini Gina , Moroncini Gianluca , Hellmich Bernhard , Zwerina Jochen , Resche-Rigon Matthieu , Emmi Giacomo , Neumann Thomas , Mahr Alfred 
Published: September 2023

ObjectivePrevious studies suggested that distinct phenotypes of eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) could be determined by presence or absence of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA), reflecting predominant vasculitic or eosinophilic processes, respectively. This study explored whether ANCA-based clusters or other clusters can be identified in EGPA.MethodsThis study used standardized data of 15 European centers for patients with EGPA fulfilling widely accepted classification criteria. We used multiple correspondence analysis, hierarchical cluster analysis, and a decision tree model. The main model included 10 clinical variables (musculoskeletal, mucocutaneous, ophthalmological, ENT, cardiovascular, pulmonary, gastrointestinal, renal, central or peripheral neurological involvement); a second model also included ANCA results.ResultsThe analyses included 489 patients diagnosed in 1984–2015. ANCA were detected in 37.2% of patients, mostly P-ANCA (85.4%) and/or anti-myeloperoxidase (87.0%). Compared with ANCA-negative patients, those with ANCA had more renal (P<0.001) and peripheral neurological involvement (P=0.04), fewer cardiovascular signs (P<0.001) and fewer biopsies with eosinophilic tissue infiltrates (P=0.001). The cluster analyses generated four (model without ANCA) and five clusters (model with ANCA). Both models identified three identical clusters of 34, 39 and 40 patients according to the presence or absence of ENT, CNS and ophthalmological involvement. Peripheral neurological and cardiovascular involvement were not predictive characteristics.ConclusionAlthough reinforcing the known association of ANCA status with clinical manifestations, cluster analysis does not support a complete separation of EGPA in ANCA-positive and –negative subsets. Collectively, these data indicate that EGPA should be regarded as a phenotypic spectrum rather than a dichotomous disease.
La langue française, une histoire politique oubliée
Authors: Dutour Thierry 
Published: September 2023

Avant le xix e siècle la langue est un élément constitutif d’une réalité politique mais n’est pas un sujet politique. On peut être sujet du roi de France sans parler français et parler français en étant sujet du roi d’Angleterre, de l’Empereur, du roi de Jérusalem. Il y a lieu de distinguer dans le cas de la France identité culturelle et identité politique, à rebours de la tentation de projeter dans le passé ce qui nous est familier aujourd’hui. Ainsi se révèle une histoire de la langue qui fait apparaître l’ampleur géographique de son usage, sa pérenne fragmentation en dialectes, la naissance hors de France de sa conception comme langue.
Langue française et créolisation
Authors: Véronique Georges Daniel 
Published: September 2023

L’expansion coloniale du royaume de France, qui débute au xvi e siècle, assure la diffusion des parlers d’oïl du Nord-Ouest et de l’Ouest de l’Hexagone, des dialectes de l’Île-de-France et de la langue française en Nouvelle-France, dans la Caraïbe et dans l’océan Indien. Dans les colonies d’exploitation tropicales, l’exposition des populations d’esclaves plurilingues aux variétés linguistiques en usage chez les colons a favorisé l’émergence des langues créoles. Des rapports de domination et de minoration se sont instaurés entre le français et les créoles dans les territoires créolophones. Au xxi e siècle, les quinze millions de locuteurs de créoles français de par le monde constituent un atout pour la francophonie.
Haro sur le langage non sexiste : entre antiféminisme discret et anti-intellectualisme ouvert
Authors: Perrier Gwenaëlle 
Published: September 2023

La récurrence et l’ampleur des polémiques françaises autour du langage non sexiste s’expliquent-elles par le rapport qu’entretient la population française à sa langue ? Si en France certaines idéologies linguistiques sont particulièrement marquées, la comparaison avec d’autres débats nationaux sur le langage inclusif montre que la virulence de ces polémiques tient surtout aux fonctions politiques que leur assignent différents acteurs et actrices du champ politique : alimenter une rhétorique antiféministe, plutôt feutrée, et un discours anti-intellectualiste.
Motivation and Behaviors Related to Sport Specialization in Collegiate Baseball Players
Authors: Wilkins Samuel J. , Martin Malissa , Kahanov Leamor , Bell David R. , Post Eric G. 
Published: September 2023

ContextEarly sport specialization is a growing concern among youth sport athletes, particularly in baseball. Motivation to participate in sports is an important factor in determining which sports youth athletes participate in and why.ObjectiveTo qualitatively investigate the youth sport participation behaviors and motivations of collegiate baseball players.DesignQualitative study.SettingOnline teleconference.Patients or Other ParticipantsWe conducted 25 semistructured interviews with collegiate baseball athletes who were classified as high-level (n = 8), moderate-level (n = 9), or low-level (n = 8) specialists before college.Data Collection and AnalysisParticipants completed individual semistructured interviews to allow us to develop an understanding of their youth and high school sports experiences and associated motivations to engage in those experiences. A framework analysis approach was used to analyze the transcript data and identify themes among the 3 specialization groups.ResultsFrom our interview analysis, 6 overall themes emerged: (1) motivation, (2) stress, (3) quitting, (4) barriers, (5) facilitators of success, and (6) future directions. Moderate- and high-level specialists described greater levels of passion, participating in deliberate practice, greater levels of performance-related stress, and more desire to quit sports than low-level specialists. None of the groups cited parents as an overbearing external motivator to participate in sport at an early age.ConclusionsParticipants who were classified as low-, moderate-, or high-level specialists noted different experiences related to their motivation, stress level, desire to quit, barriers to participating in baseball, facilitators of success, and their overall future career goals after completing baseball. This information may be useful for parents, coaches, and health care professionals to better communicate the benefits and risks associated with sport specialization to youth athletes. Future research is needed to determine if differences in motivation levels exist in younger populations.
Collegiate Athletes With Diabetes: Baseline Medical Comorbidities and Preseason Concussion Testing Performance
Authors: Anderson Melissa N. , Gallo Caitlin A. , Passalugo Scott W. , Nimeh Jake M. , Edgar Richard , Yengo-Kahn Aaron M. , Neitz Kristen , Terry Douglas P. , Zuckerman Scott L. , Broglio Steven P. , McCrea Michael , McAllister Thomas , Pasquina Paul , Buckley Thomas A. ,   CARE Consortium Investigators
Published: September 2023

ContextPeople with diabetes mellitus (DM) are at increased risk for adverse health events and complications throughout their lifetime. Whether DM significantly affects collegiate athletes’ concussion baseline testing performance remains unclear.ObjectivesTo (1) describe the prevalence of DM and associated comorbidities and (2) compare concussion baseline testing performance between student-athletes with DM and student-athletes without DM (NoDM).DesignRetrospective, cross-sectional study.SettingUniversity.Patients or Other ParticipantsUsing the Concussion, Assessment, Research and Education (CARE) Consortium research database, we matched athletes with self-reported DM (N = 229) by institution, sex, age, sport, position, testing year, and concussion history to athletes with NoDM (N = 229; total sample mean age = 19.6 ± 1.4 years, women = 42%).Main Outcome Measure(s)Descriptive statistics and χ2 tests of independence with subsequent odds ratios were calculated. Independent-samples t tests compared baseline symptoms, neurocognitive testing, and balance performance between athletes with DM and athletes with NoDM. Effect sizes were determined for significant group differences.ResultsAt baseline, athletes with DM had higher rates of self-reported pre-existing balance disorders, sleep disorders, seizure disorders, motion sickness, learning disorders, vision and hearing problems, psychiatric disorders, depression, bipolar disorder, nonmigraine headaches, and meningitis than athletes with NoDM (P values &lt; .05). We found balance differences between groups (P = .032, Cohen d = 0.17) such that, on average, athletes with DM had 1 additional error on the Balance Error Scoring System (DM = 13.4 ± 6.5; NoDM = 12.1 ± 5.9). No other comparisons yielded significant results.ConclusionsAlthough athletes with DM had high rates of self-reported balance disorders, sleep disorders, seizures, and meningitis, their baseline neurocognitive testing results were largely identical to those of athletes with NoDM. Our findings suggested that nonclinically meaningful differences were present in concussion baseline balance testing but no significant differences were noted in cognitive testing; however, the effect of DM on concussion recovery remains unknown.
A randomized controlled trial on the effect of smartphone-based mental health application among outpatients with depressive and anxiety symptoms: A pilot study in Malaysia
Authors: Tan Sharon , Ismail Mohammad Ayob Bin , Daud Tuti Iryani Mohd , Hod Rozita , Ahmad Norfazilah 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Despite the increasing number of mental health professionals in Malaysia, many have yet to receive adequate treatment for common mental illnesses such as depression and anxiety. Coupled with the increasing number of mobile phone users globally, smartphone-based intervention can be a promising mental health intervention. Thus, this study aims to investigate the efficacy of using a smartphone-based mental health application in addition to treatment-as-usual (TAU) in outpatients with depressive and/or anxiety symptoms.

Methods:
Psychiatric outpatients that fulfill the selection criteria were recruited and randomized into two groups, the intervention group (n = 24) and the control group (n = 24). Those in the intervention group received MoodMission in addition to TAU, while those in the control group received TAU. Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) scores were assessed at baseline and after four weeks.

Results:
A total of 48 participants were recruited, randomized, and completed the study. Baseline characteristics for both groups were comparable. There is no significant mean difference between-group comparison of PHQ-9 (1.31, 95% CI -1.35, 3.98) and GAD-7 (0.02, 95% CI -2.01, 2.05) scores at four weeks. However, for the intervention group, there was a significant improvement in the PHQ-9 score at four weeks [mean difference 2.58 (95% CI 1.16, 4.01), P = 0.001)].

Conclusion:
This study showed no significant improvement in anxiety symptoms after four weeks. Use of smartphone-based mental health applications led to significant reduction of depressive symptoms.
A study of serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor level in individuals with obsessive compulsive disorder and their first-degree relatives as compared to the healthy population
Authors: Mina Shaily , Dhiman Rupam , Singal Prakamya , Gangopadhyay Sukanya , Verma Pankaj , Kathuria Shivani 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
The nosological tradition in psychiatry defines diagnostic criteria for disorders based on expert consensus than objective biological markers reflecting underlying neurobiological correlates. Endophenotypes have been researched as heritable biological markers that can be quantified and defined to represent intermediate measures of a psychiatric illness. In obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), various putative biomarkers such as neuropsychological, neurophysiological, neuroradiological, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), etc., have been explored.

Aim:
The study aimed to compare levels of serum BDNF in individuals with OCD and their unaffected first-degree relatives (FDR) with healthy controls (HC).

Methods:
This cross-sectional study compared serum BDNF levels in medication-free/naive individuals with OCD (n = 30) to their FDR (n = 30) and age-sex matched HC (n = 30). Intergroup comparison was done using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post-hoc Tukey’s test. Correlation analysis was conducted to find the relationship of sociodemographic and clinical correlates to serum BDNF as well as dimensional subtypes of OCD.

Results:
No significant difference in BDNF levels was observed between OCD and HC (P = 0.13) but a significantly higher level was found in the FDR group compared to age-sex matched HC (P = 0.02).

Conclusion:
BDNF levels may have a complex interplay influencing the genetic inheritance and clinical manifestations of OCD. Further research is required before considering it a viable biomarker.