bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Paediatric‐to‐adult transition in type 1 diabetes: A two‐centre experience of a structured program, 2014 to 2022
Authors: Vermillac Gaëlle , Lafont Charlotte , Godot Cécile , Kerbourc'h Stéphanie , Gazagnes Agnès Sola , Mosnier‐Pudar Helen , Dehghani Léa , Mallone Roberto , Larger Etienne , Polak Michel , Dubois‐Laforgue Danièle , Beltrand Jacques 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundTransition from paediatric to adult healthcare is a turning point for patients with Type 1 diabetes (T1D). A gradual coordinated process connecting paediatric and adult healthcare providers may improve adherence to adult follow‐up.AimsTo describe a transition process developed jointly by paediatric and adult diabetology units and compare patients progressing or not to follow‐up in adult care setting.Materiel and MethodsRetrospective study in one paediatric and one adult diabetology department. Patients following from 2014 to 2021 in the paediatric department were eligible.ResultsAt transition, the 183 patients included had a median age of 19 [18.5–19.5] years, T1D duration of 10.5 [7.0–14.0] years, and HbA1c of 8.4% [7.5–9.2%]; 30.6% were treated by continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion. Two years after exiting paediatric care, the subgroup transitioning to adult care at the planned site (n = 137) had a median HbA1c of 7.8% [7.0–8.7]; 13.1% had retinopathy (non‐significant change), and 10.8% had changed their insulin treatment. Of the remaining 46/183 (25.1%) patients, 33/46 (71.7%) had no adult care visits at any site reported. Independent predictors of non‐adherence to adult follow‐up were younger age at TID diagnosis (adjusted odds ratio, 0.91 [0.83–0.99]) and higher pre‐transition HbA1c (+1.39 [1.11–1.80]). Among the 52 (28.4%) patients who completed a questionnaire on perceptions, 88.5% reported being well prepared and 90.5% a neutral or positive impact on their diabetes.ConclusionWith a gradual coordinated transition process, most T1D patients attended adult care follow‐up visits. Younger age at diagnosis and worse glycaemic control were associated with lack of adherence to planned adult care follow‐up.
Association between the changes in the estimated glucose disposal rate and new‐onset cardiovascular disease in middle‐aged and elderly individuals: A nationwide prospective cohort study in China
Authors: Yan Lunqing , Zhou Zhe , Wu Xing , Qiu Yumin , Liu Zhefu , Luo Lifang , Yang Yang , Lu Xi , He Jiang , Xia Wenhao 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAimsPrevious studies have shown that eGDR and TyG, as indicators of insulin resistance (IR), were key risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Our study further explored the relationship between eGDR change and new‐onset CVD, and compared the predictive value of eGDR change, eGDR and TyG.Materials and MethodsA total of 2895 participants without CVD at baseline from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) were included, using K‐means clustering and cumulative eGDR to measure eGDR change between 2012 and 2015. Cox and restricted cubic splines (RCS) regression models assessed the relationship between eGDR change and new‐onset CVD. The predictive value of TyG, eGDR and eGDR change for outcomes was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, net reclassification improvement (NRI) and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI).ResultsDuring a mean follow‐up of 4.42 years, 581 CVD cases occurred, including 389 heart disease cases and 249 stroke cases. Participants with consistently low eGDR had a higher new‐onset CVD risk (HR: 2.51, 95%CI: 2.04–3.09). A stepwise increase of outcomes was observed with the increased cumulative eGDR (p for trend <0.001). Further analysis showed the correlation between cumulative eGDR and outcomes was linear. Compared to eGDR and TyG, cumulative eGDR exerted greater predictive effect as evaluated by area under curve, IDI and NRI.ConclusionsSustained low eGDR was related to an increased risk of new‐onset CVD in middle‐aged and elderly population. Continuous monitoring of eGDR significantly enhances the accuracy of new‐onset CVD risk stratification, which may reduce the incidence of new‐onset CVD.
Ependymoma in a filly
Authors: de Sousa M. C. , Ferreira A. F. M. S. C. , Peixoto T. C. , dos Reis S. D. S. , Dias D. C. R. , Leal P. V. 
Published: January 2025

SummaryThe goal of this case report is a description of the clinical presentation and diagnosis of ependymoma in a Quarter Horse filly with neurological clinical signs. Macroscopic examination identified an irregular, reddish, gelatinous mass with infiltrative growth in the fourth ventricle and choroid plexus. Histopathological findings revealed the proliferation of moderately pleomorphic ependymal cells, which compressed and infiltrated the adjacent parenchyma. The cells presented a papillary arrangement forming single or multiple layers, sometimes organised in the form of rosettes with a central area filled with eosinophilic amorphous material. The cells were characterised by sparse, basophilic cytoplasm, round to ovoid nuclei, granular chromatin and inconspicuous nucleoli. Neoplastic cells were immunopositive for S‐100 and vimentin. Macroscopic and microscopic findings are compatible with a final diagnosis of ependymoma. In young animals, although less frequently reported, neoplasia should be considered a differential diagnosis for animals presenting with neurologic signs.
Comparison of two techniques to blind end jejunum and ileum for jejunocaecostomy in horses
Authors: Chanutin Sierra , Bauck Anje G. , Roberts John F. , Denagamage Thomas N. , Freeman David E. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundJejunocaecostomy (JC) is frequently required to bypass diseased ileum as a side‐to‐side (SS) anastomosis with blind end closure of the small intestine. The effects of the blind end closure method on the performance of the anastomosis have not been studied.ObjectivesTo compare handsewn and stapled blind end closures of the ileum and jejunum.Study designIn vivo experiments.MethodsJC was performed with either Parker–Kerr (PK; 6 horses) or oversewn stapled technique (OS; 6 horses) to close jejunum and ileum for an SS anastomosis. At surgery, peritoneal fluid was analysed and various anastomotic measurements and time to complete the anastomosis were recorded. Physical and haematological findings and serum amyloid A (SAA) were recorded postoperatively. At necropsy on day 7, anastomotic measurements and peritoneal fluid analysis were repeated. Tissues collected at surgery and necropsy underwent histological and immunohistological evaluations.ResultsTwo PK horses developed intussusception of the jejunal blind end into the caecum and another PK horse was euthanised because of anastomotic impaction. One OS horse had mild postoperative colic. Postoperative peripheral neutrophil counts and SAA were similar between groups but SAA significantly (0.5 mg/L [0.3, 0.7], p < 0.001) increased with time in both. The OS jejunal blind ends (4.7 cm [4.41, 6.85]) were significantly larger (PK = 3.5 cm [3.3, 4.08], p = 0.004) and the OS blind ends (18.6 min ± 1.32) were significantly slower to complete (11.3 min ± 0.37, p = 0.002). Inflammation developed between the everting staple line and inverting suture line in the OS closure and along transected edges in the PK. Peritoneal fluid total protein increased significantly between surgery (19 g/L [19, 19]) and necropsy (34 g/L [30, 41], p < 0.001) without differences between groups.Main limitationsSmall sample size and short follow‐up.ConclusionBoth blind‐end techniques could be acceptable, although more complications developed with the PK method. The anastomotic intussusceptions were unexpected and possibly unique to the anastomotic design.
Grasses of Saudi Arabia: A Review
Authors: Sayed Osama H. , Masrahi Yahya S. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTGrasses are found in all Saudi Arabia habitats. Their success pertains to diverse growth habits, specific morpho‐anatomical features and distinctive photosynthetic attributes. Their composite evolution involved Early‐Cenozoic appearance in open‐habitats, Mid‐Cenozoic dominance in temperate regions and Late‐Cenozoic spread into tropics. This process is reflected in composite grassland development with Paleogene appearance of open‐habitat grasslands, Mid‐Neogene expansion of temperate grasslands and Late‐Neogene spread of tropical savannas. Holocene grass domestication involved genetic changes that induced traits pivotal for grass spread into new habitats. Palaeoanthropological evidence also revealed a crucial interplay between grass domestication and human agrarian history. Saudi Arabia diverse topography, vast latitudinal span, and steep altitudinal gradient encourage broad grass diversity distributed over saline saltmarshes, dry sand dunes, dry desert plains, arid desert pavements, cool highlands and cold mountains. This review briefly discusses grass origin, evolution, domestication and photosynthesis. It concisely describes geodiversity and climate of Saudi Arabia and presents comprehensive analysis of its grass origin, domestication, taxonomy, diversity, tolerance and photosynthesis. Grass distribution is also extensively discussed in relation to climatic gradients, edaphic properties, grass chorology and photosynthetic attributes crucial for species acclimation potential.
Cognitive impairment and domain‐specific life satisfaction among older adults: Findings from the Korean National Longitudinal Study on Aging
Authors: Song Inmyung , Kim Dong‐Sook 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundOverall life satisfaction among older adults is associated with cognitive impairment. However, little is known regarding its influence on satisfaction with specific domains of life, such as health, income status, and marital relationship. This study aims to analyze the relationship between cognitive impairment and satisfaction with specific domains of life in older Koreans.MethodsThis study used data from the Korean National Longitudinal Study on Aging from 2014 to 2020. Cognitive function was measured with the Mini‐Mental State Examination. Four different models are used to assess the effect of cognitive impairment on four different measures of life satisfaction. The dependent variable in each model was overall life satisfaction, satisfaction with health status, satisfaction with economic status, and satisfaction with marital relationship, respectively. A generalized estimating equation modeling approach was used to take advantage of panel data.ResultsIn the weighted sample, 54.1% of the participants were women. The mean (± standard error) age of all participants was 68.9 (±0.1) years old. A total of 1671 participants (24.8%) had cognitive impairment. After adjustment of other variables, individuals without cognitive impairment were more satisfied with overall life (B = 2.75, P < 0.001), health status (B = 4.31, P < 0.001), economic status (B = 2.83, P < 0.001) and marital relationship (B = 3.36, P < 0.001) than impaired individuals.ConclusionCognitive impairment in old age is significantly associated with overall life satisfaction as well as satisfaction with several domains of life, such as health, income status, and marital relationship. Cognitive impairment is more strongly associated with satisfaction with health status and marital relationship than on satisfaction with economic status. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2025; 25: 182–189.
Significance of location and extent of perineural invasion in early‐stage oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Mohamed Shima , Callanan Deirdre , Sheahan Patrick , Feeley Linda 
Published: January 2025

AimsPerineural invasion (PNI) is associated with survival in oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OCSCC). There is evidence to suggest that PNI location and extent may be of additional significance. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic ability of PNI, including location and extent, in early‐stage OCSCC.Methods and resultsThis was a retrospective study, with the main cohort comprising of 129 patients with pT1/T2 pN0/Nx TNM8 OCSCC. Slides were re‐reviewed in cases reported as having PNI to classify location as intratumoural (IT) and/or extratumoural (ET) and extent as unifocal (UF) or multifocal (MF). Univariate and multivariate analysis assessing impact of pathological features on survival outcomes was performed. On multivariate analysis, IT PNI was significantly associated with locoregional recurrence‐free survival (LRS) [odds ratio = 5.69, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.50–21.63, P = 0.01]. Disease‐specific survival (DSS) and overall survival (OS) were non‐significant. In comparison, ET PNI was predictive of LRS (odds ratio = 20.57, 95% CI = 3.48–121.73, P = 0.001), DSS (odds ratio = 40.47, 95% CI = 5.17–316.96, P = 0.0004) and OS (odds ratio = 11.92, 95% CI = 2.18–65.22, P = 0.004). Multifocal PNI was significant on univariate analysis for all three outcome parameters evaluated, but these findings were not maintained on multivariate assessment.ConclusionsExtratumoural PNI is strongly predictive of survival outcomes, including OS, in early‐stage OCSCC. These findings support the reporting of PNI location as a mandatory data element. The impact of PNI extent requires further study.
Sound insulation performance of tempered vacuum glass: Theory and experiment
Authors: Yue Gaowei , Zhang Yanwen , Wang Lu , Li Minmin , Lin Haixiao , Li Yanbing 
Published: January 2025

AbstractCompared with insulating glass, tempered vacuum glass (TVG) is not only safer, but also more effective in sound insulation and heat insulation. In this paper, for the sound insulation performance of tempered vacuum glass, the acoustic wave transfer model of TVG is established, and the equation for sound insulation is deduced by using wave transfer method (WTM). Then the actual sound insulation loss of tempered vacuum glass was tested based on the method of reverberation room and anechoic room. finally, the sound insulation loss of tempered vacuum glass under different factors is analyzed. The results show that the theoretical calculation results are consistent with the experimental results about the general change trend of the sound insulation. The thicker the glass, the better the sound insulation. The more the supports in vacuum layer of tempered vacuum glass, the smaller the sound insulation loss. The thickness of the vacuum layer has different sound insulation loss at different frequencies. When the thickness of the vacuum layer is about 0.25 mm, tempered vacuum glass has the best sound insulation performance. This research will have important guiding significance for the selection of building sound insulation glass and the design of sound insulation glass.
Integration of Immune Responses and Transcriptomic Signatures Reveals the Efficacy of Maternal Genetic Vaccination in a Pregnant Model and Its Neonates
Authors: Ahmed Sohail , Liu Guiqiong , Sadiq Amber , Farooq Umar , Yang Huiguo , Yongbin Liu , Yiyu Sha , Xiaodong Wang , Jiang Xunping 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTMaternal vaccination is essential for safeguarding both mother and foetus from infectious diseases. This study investigated the immunogenicity and efficacy of a maternal ORF‐B2L genetic vaccine in a pregnant rat model, focusing on maternal–neonatal immune modulation, placental and neonatal spleen transcriptomics and the underlying mechanisms contributing to neonatal immune development. Female rats received intramuscular injections of either a gene vaccine (GV) containing 200 μg of recombinant ORF‐B2L DNA and 50 μg of a subunit protein or an empty plasmid as a control. Results showed significantly higher levels of specific anti‐B2L antibodies and Th1 and Th2 cytokine levels in both maternal and neonatal sera from the GV group compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Transcriptome analysis identified 1295 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the placenta and 998 DEGs in the neonatal spleen, with upregulated pathways associated with immune cell recruitment, cytokine signalling and hormone regulation in the GV group. Notably, upregulated DEGs such as TLR4, ESR1 and various cytokine/chemokine‐related genes in the placenta suggest enhanced immune regulation and foetal protection. In the neonatal spleen, increased expression of IL‐1β, IL‐6, IL‐10 and CD69 indicates enhanced T and B cell development and pathogen defence. The upregulation of IL‐1β suggests a Th1 response, while elevated IL‐10 indicates a potential Th2‐biased immunity, reflecting a balanced Th1/Th2 response that is crucial for effective adaptive immunity. Overall, maternal ORF‐B2L genetic vaccination induces a robust immune response, enhancing maternal‐foetal protection and shaping neonatal immune responses, offering valuable insights for optimizing maternal vaccination strategies.
A Conversation With Amy Racine‐Poon
Authors: Sverdlov Oleksandr 
Published: January 2025

SummaryProfessor Dr. Amy Racine‐Poon is best known for her interdisciplinary contributions as an applied Bayesian statistician in the pharmaceutical industry and healthcare. She was born in Hong Kong and obtained a BA with upper honors in Mathematics (1970) from the Chinese University of Hong Kong. She earned a PhD in statistics from the University of California, Berkeley, under the supervision of Erich L. Lehmann. She worked as a Lecturer at the Department of Statistics at UC Berkeley (1975–1977) and as a Statistician at the Biometry Branch of the National Institute of Environmental Health in Research Triangle Park, North Carolina (1977–1980). Amy moved to Basel, Switzerland, in 1981 to join Ciba‐Geiby/Novartis AG, where she worked for 42 years (1981–2023) across different therapeutic areas and stages of drug development, applying her skills in advanced statistical and pharmacometric methodologies that led to the development of large number of new drugs. During her career, she was also a Visiting Professor at the Department of Mathematics, Imperial College London (1995–1997) and a Volunteer Statistical Expert at Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, Washington (2015–2019). Amy Racine‐Poon's numerous honors include the Royal Statistical Society Greenfield Industrial Medal for Innovative Use of Statistics in the Industries (1995), Fellow of the American Statistical Association (1997), Novartis Distinguished Scientist Award (1999), American Statistical Association Youden Interlaboratory Research Award (2020) and the Sheiner‐Beal Pharmacometrics Award (2024) from the American Society of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics. The following conversation took place between Oleksandr Sverdlov (Alex) and Amy Racine‐Poon (Amy) in October 2024.
Chance‐Corrected Interrater Agreement Statistics for Two‐Rater Dichotomous Responses: A Method Review With Comparative Assessment Under Possibly Correlated Decisions
Authors: Tian Zizhong , Chinchilli Vernon M. , Shen Chan , Zhou Shouhao 
Published: January 2025

SummaryMeasurement of the interrater agreement (IRA) is critical for assessing the reliability and validity of ratings in various disciplines. While numerous IRA statistics have been developed, there is a lack of guidance on selecting appropriate measures especially when raters' decisions could be correlated. To address this gap, we review a family of chance‐corrected IRA statistics for two‐rater dichotomous‐response cases, a fundamental setting that not only serves as the theoretical foundation for categorical‐response or multirater IRA methods but is also practically dominant in most empirical studies, and we propose a novel data‐generating framework to simulate correlated decision processes between raters. Subsequently, a new estimand, which calibrates the ‘true’ chance‐corrected IRA, is introduced while accounting for the potential ‘probabilistic certainty’. Extensive simulations were conducted to evaluate the performance of the reviewed IRA methods under various practical scenarios and were summarised by an agglomerative hierarchical clustering analysis. Finally, we provide recommendations for selecting appropriate IRA statistics based on outcome prevalence and rater characteristics and highlight the need for further advancements in IRA estimation methodologies.
Revisiting Estimation of Number of Trials in Binomial Distribution
Authors: Georgieva Mina , Vidakovic Brani 
Published: January 2025

SummaryEstimating the parameter when is known or simultaneous estimation of and of the binomial distribution based on independent observations has been considered by many authors over the last several decades. A range of estimators have been proposed, and questions regarding asymptotic and small sample properties received adequate treatment. In this paper, we provide an extensive review and a comprehensive performance comparison of the estimators from the literature. We propose a conceptually simple estimator of that uses the marginal likelihood when is integrated out by simultaneous optimisation w.r.t. and the hyperparameters. We compare the proposed estimator with various existing estimators and find its performance competitive and, in some scenarios, superior.
Typical Atrial Flutter: A Practical Review
Authors: Johner Nicolas , Namdar Mehdi , Shah Dipen C. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTTypical atrial flutter (AFL), defined as cavotricuspid isthmus (CTI)‐dependent macro‐re‐entrant atrial tachycardia, often causes debilitating symptoms, and is associated with increased incidence of atrial fibrillation, stroke, heart failure, and death. Typical AFL occurs in patients with atrial remodeling and shares risk factors with atrial fibrillation. It is also common in patients with a history of prior heart surgery or catheter ablation. It is characterized by a recognizable ECG pattern that is highly predictive of CTI‐dependent re‐entry in patients without iatrogenic atrial scars. Typical AFL is difficult to manage medically due to poor efficacy of rate‐controlling and antiarrhythmic drugs. Catheter ablation has been established in randomized trials to be superior to medical management in terms of safety, efficacy, and clinical outcomes including hospitalization and quality of life. Catheter ablation aims at achieving bidirectional conduction block across the CTI, which can be efficiently assessed by well‐established techniques such as differential pacing. Long‐term ablation success requires creating a stable transmural and continuous lesion, which can be optimized by systematic assessment of ablation parameters and lesion contiguity. The present review discusses the epidemiology, mechanisms, ECG characteristics, medical management, and catheter ablation of typical AFL.