bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel Synthetic Approach towards Amino‐Substituted Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons through Electrocyclization of Keteniminium Salts
Authors: Yoshimura Masahiko , Quinodoz Pierre , Reyes Méndez Lucía , Kolleth Amandine , Sulzer‐Mossé Sarah , Vent‐Schmidt Thomas , Karadeniz Yezer Ulfet , Catak Saron , De Mesmaeker Alain 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are an important family of molecules in science and technology. Amino‐substituted PAHs are promising building blocks to create attractive molecules for materials science. However, the synthetic limitations have hampered to produce diverse structures of amino‐substituted PAHs. Here we describe a novel efficient synthetic method to access amino‐substituted PAHs through the electrocyclization of highly reactive keteniminium species. We demonstrated the synthesis of various amino‐substituted PAHs and disclosed some of their photophysical properties. Furthermore, combination with theoretical calculation revealed that the multiple electrocyclization reactions of keteniminium species is a stepwise process and the fusion of additional aromatic ring to the substrate accelerates the electrocyclization.
DNA methylation: The epigenetic mechanism of Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Qin Hao‐Yue , Liu Jiao‐Yan , Fang Chang‐Le , Deng Yan‐Ping , Zhang Ying 
Published: August 2023

AbstractNowadays, with the development of the social health care system, there is an increasing trend towards an aging society. The incidence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is also on the rise. AD is a kind of neurodegenerative disease that can be found in any age group. For years, scientists have been committing to discovering the cause of AD. DNA methylation is one of the most common epigenetic mechanisms in mammals and plays a vital role in the pathogenesis of several diseases, including tumors. Studying chemical changes in the epigenome, or DNA methylation can help us understand the effects of our environment and life on diseases, such as smoking, depression, and menopause, which may affect people's chances of developing Alzheimer's or other diseases. Recent studies have identified some crucial genes like ANK1, RHBDF2, ABCA7, and BIN1, linking DNA methylation to AD. This review focuses on elucidating the relationship between DNA methylation and the pathogenesis of AD and provides an outlook on possible targeted therapeutic modalities.
Induction of heme oxygenase‐1 antagonizes PM2.5‐induced pulmonary VEGFA expression through regulating HIF‐1α
Authors: Xu Huan , Wen Qing , Xu Xiuduan , Liu Zhihui , Liu Shasha , Wang Hongli , Zhang Chongchong , Wan Delian , Liu Kun , Du Lina , Yuan Chao , Song Lun 
Published: August 2023

AbstractParticulate matter (PM) 2.5 has long been regarded as a major risk factor of the respiratory system, which constitutes a threat to human health. Although the positive relationship between PM2.5 exposure and the development of respiratory diseases has been well established, limited studies investigate the intrinsic self‐protection mechanisms against PM2.5‐induced respiratory injuries. Excessive pulmonary inflammation served as a key pathogenic mechanism in PM2.5‐induced airway dysfunction, and we have previously shown that PM2.5 induced the production of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) in the bronchial epithelial cells, which subsequently led to pulmonary inflammatory responses. In the current study, we found that PM2.5 also concurrently induced the expression of the stress‐responsive protein heme oxygenase‐1 (HO‐1) along with VEGFA in the bronchial epithelial cells both in vivo and in vitro. Importantly, knocking down of HO‐1 expression significantly increased the synthesis and secretion of VEGFA; while overexpression of HO‐1 showed the opposite effects, indicating that HO‐1 induction can antagonize VEGFA production in the bronchial epithelial cells upon PM2.5 exposure. Mechanistically, HO‐1 inhibited PM2.5‐evoked VEGFA induction through modulating hypoxia‐inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF‐1α), which was the upstream transcriptional factor of VEGFA. More specifically, HO‐1 could not only inhibit HIF‐1α expression, but also suppress its transactivity. Taken together, our results suggested that HO‐1 was an intrinsic protective factor against PM2.5‐induced pulmonary VEGFA production with a mechanism relating to HIF‐1α, thus providing a potential treatment strategy against PM2.5 triggered airway injuries.
Oral health services in prison settings: A global scoping review of availability, accessibility, and model of delivery
Authors: Amaya Arianna , Medina Ivan , Mazzilli Sara , D'Arcy Jemima , Cocco Nicola , Van Hout Marie‐Claire , Stöver Heino , Moazen Babak 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis review aimed at evaluating the state of availability, accessibility and model of delivery of oral health services in prisons, globally. Five databases of peer‐reviewed literature and potential sources of grey literature were systematically searched. Inclusion criteria encompassed oral health papers related to prisons globally, with exclusion of certain article types. Selection involved independent evaluations by two researchers, followed by quality assessment. Data on the availability of oral health interventions in prisons came from 18 countries, while information on the model of delivery of the services is scarce. In addition, two sets of individual and organizational barriers toward oral health service uptake in prisons were revealed and discussed in the text. Lack of oral health services in prisons affects people living in prisons and jeopardizes their reintegration. Urgent and concrete international actions are required to ensure the availability, accessibility, and quality of oral health services among people living in prisons.
Perceived impact of ethnocultural competency training on genetic counselors' clinical interactions
Authors: El Achi Dina , Brown Austin , Huguenard Sarah , Khan Sarah , Streff Haley , Nassef Salma 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFor genetic counselors to effectively meet the needs of an ever‐diversifying multicultural patient population, it is vital that their genetic counseling programs (GCPs) equip future genetic counselors to recognize the impact of a patient's ethnocultural background on clinical interactions (Towards a culturally competent system of care: A monograph on effective services for minority children who are severely emotionally disturbed (p. 28). CASSP Technical Assistance Center, Georgetown University Child Development Center, 1989). Concerns about genetic counseling cultural competency training (CCT) including content and delivery have been brought up by GCP students who identify as racial and ethnic minorities (Journal of Genetic Counseling,29, 303–314). Though GCPs must meet the Accreditation Council of Genetic Counselors' (ACGC) accreditation criteria, there is a gap in knowledge regarding the focus, type, and methods of delivery that GCPs have chosen to incorporate into their CCT, as ACGC does not dictate the exact focus, delivery, or format of training curricula. This quantitative study aimed to (1) characterize the current focus, type, and delivery of ethnocultural competency training in GCPs as perceived by second‐year genetic counseling students and recent graduates and (2) highlight their perception of its impact on their levels of preparedness and comfort when interacting with ethnoculturally diverse patients. One hundred and one survey responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi‐square analyses, two‐sample Wilcoxon rank‐sum, and Fisher's exact tests. The results reveal significant variability in the format, type, and delivery of CCT provided by GCPs. Participants perceive that CCT focusing on specific traditions, medical considerations, and systemic healthcare disparities (taught to 74%, 61%, and 94% of students, respectively) related to ethnoculturally diverse patients was more likely to increase their self‐reported levels of preparedness and comfort for clinical interactions than training focused on racial or ethnic stereotypes and generalizations (taught to 88% of students). Although 94% of participants perceived their CCT as helpful, 61% reported they received an insufficient amount. In light of these results, we provide suggestions for the improvement of ethnocultural CCT and highlight future opportunities for more intentional and fruitful CCT in GCPs.
Intra‐ and interhost genomic diversity of monkeypox virus
Authors: Taouk Mona L. , Steinig Eike , Taiaroa George , Savic Ivana , Tran Thomas , Higgins Nasra , Tran Stephanie , Lee Alvin , Braddick Maxwell , Moso Michael A. , Chow Eric P. F. , Fairley Christopher K. , Towns Janet , Chen Marcus Y. , Caly Leon , Lim Chuan K. , Williamson Deborah A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe impact and frequency of infectious disease outbreaks demonstrate the need for timely genomic surveillance to inform public health responses. In the largest known outbreak of mpox, genomic surveillance efforts have primarily focused on high‐incidence nations in Europe and the Americas, with a paucity of data from South‐East Asia and the Western Pacific. Here we analyzed 102 monkeypox virus (MPXV) genomes sampled from 56 individuals in Melbourne, Australia. All genomes fell within the 2022 MPXV outbreak lineage (B.1), with likely onward local transmission detected. We observed within‐host diversity and instances of co‐infection, and highlight further examples of structural variation and apolipoprotein B editing complex‐driven micro‐evolution in the current MPXV outbreak. Updating our understanding of MPXV emergence and diversification will inform public health measures and enable monitoring of the virus’ evolutionary trajectory throughout the mpox outbreak.
SHFL inhibits enterovirus A71 infection by triggering degradation of viral 3Dpolprotein via the ubiquitin–proteasome pathway
Authors: Tan Chahui , Qin Xingliang , Tan Yongyao , Dong Xinhuai , Chen Delin , Liang Linyue , Li Jinling , Niu Ruoxi , Cao Kaiyuan , He Zhenjian , Wei Guohong , Huang Mingxing , Zhu Xun 
Published: August 2023

AbstractEnterovirus A71 (EV‐A71) is a highly contagious virus that poses a major threat to global health, representing the primary etiological agent for hand–foot and mouth disease (HFMD) and neurological complications. It has been established that interferon signaling is critical to establishing a robust antiviral state in host cells, mainly mediated through the antiviral effects of numerous interferon‐stimulated genes (ISGs). The host restriction factor SHFL is a novel ISG with broad antiviral activity against various viruses through diverse underlying molecular mechanisms. Although SHFL is widely acknowledged for its broad‐spectrum antiviral activity, it remains elusive whether SHFL inhibits EV‐A71. In this work, we validated that EV‐A71 triggers the upregulation of SHFL both in cell lines and in a mouse model. Knockdown and overexpression of SHFL in EVA71‐infected cells suggested that this factor could markedly suppress EV‐A71 replication. Our findings further revealed an intriguing mechanism of SHFL that it could interact with the nonstructural proteins 3Dpolof EV‐A71 and promoted the degradation of 3Dpolthrough the ubiquitin–proteasome pathway. Furthermore, the zinc‐finger domain and the 36 amino acids (164–199) of SHFL were crucial to the interaction between SHFL and EV‐A71 3Dpol. Overall, these findings broadened our understanding of the pivotal roles of SHFL in the interaction between the host and EV‐A71.
Possible influences of spring Barents Sea ice shrinking on Chinese heat wave events
Authors: Qianrong Ma , Zhikuan Wang , Taichen Feng , Ping Gao , Yuanyuan Ma , Pengcheng Yan , Guolin Feng 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHeat waves have a catastrophic impact on ecosystems, economy, society and human health. Revealing the underlying physical drivers of heat waves is essential for improving extreme event forecasts and disaster prevention capabilities under climate change. Thus, this study provides an analysis of the maximum temperature, and heat wave frequency and duration during July–August in China from 1961 to 2022. Significant upward trends of different heat wave indexes were observed and broke the historical record in 2022. The influence of large‐scale circulation on heat waves illustrates that the eastward South Asia High (SAH) and anomalously westward Western Pacific Subtropical High (WPSH) are closely associated with increased heat wave events, especially in 2022. We further demonstrate using reanalysis data that the Barents Sea ice shrinkage is associated with increased heat waves in China by modulating favourable atmospheric circulations. In addition, the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), which is closely linked to Arctic Sea ice, can provoke large‐scale Rossby waves, which in turn can cause extreme heat events in China. In particular, the reduced sea ice coupled with NAO strengthens the anomalous eastward SAH and anomalous westward WPSH of their position and intensity especially in 2022 and provides favourable atmospheric circulation patterns for the occurrence of heat waves.
Diverse impacts of strong and moderate intense El Niño–Southern Oscillation events on spring precipitation over Asia
Authors: Jing Haotong , Sun Jianqi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractEl Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events are a major predictor of Asian spring precipitation. However, it is unclear whether ENSO events with different intensities have similar or different impacts on Asian spring precipitation. This question is explored in this study. According to their intensity, ENSO events are divided into strong and moderate (S‐ENSO and M‐ENSO) events. The analysis indicates that S‐ENSO events have stronger sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies over the tropical Pacific and Indian oceans, and warm/cold events can lead to significantly more/less precipitation over Central Asia and East China as well as less/more precipitation over the Indo‐China Peninsula, Tibetan Plateau, and Maritime Continent. The S‐ENSO events significantly affect the Walker circulation and West Pacific anticyclone and excite an eastward‐propagating wave train over the midlatitude Northern Hemisphere. The changes in these atmospheric circulations further alter the dynamic and moisture conditions over the aforementioned Asian regions, consequently leading to precipitation anomalies. In contrast, the M‐ENSO events have relatively weak SST anomalies over the tropics, and the warm/cold events can result in more/less precipitation over Central Asia, Mongolia and northern China and less/more precipitation over northeastern Siberia, South China and the Maritime Continent. The impact of M‐ENSO events on spring precipitation over the Asian regions mainly occurs due to modulating effects on the western Pacific pattern, Aleutian Low, and anomalous anticyclones over northwestern Asia. The results in this study indicate that ENSO events of different intensities may have different impacts on Asian spring precipitation, which should be considered when predicting it.
A MIGHTY ONE: THE LEADERSHIP, SERVICE, AND LEGACY OF FRANCES HESSELBEIN
Authors: McArthur Sarah 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe author, the editor‐in‐chief of Leader to Leader, begins her tribute to Frances Hesselbein quoting from the 20th century writer George Bernard Shaw, including the following: Life is no “brief candle” for me. It is a sort of splendid torch which I have got hold of for the moment, and I want to make it burn as brightly as possible before handing it on to future generations.’’ She further discusses her close working relationship with Frances, and in describing the issue you are now reading, reflects that “She commanded the hearts and minds of the incredible mosaic of accomplished leaders and contributors who have assembled in this special commemorative issue of her beloved Leader to Leader journal. And we recognize that this is a mere drop in the bucket of the influence and impact of the mighty Frances Hesselbein.”
FRANCES HESSELBEIN CARED FOR PEOPLE FIRST
Authors: Stallard Michael Lee 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe author recounts his friendship with Frances Hesselbein, and conversations that tied her leadership philosophy with genuine care for others. For Hesselbein, “valuing all people and giving them a voice in matters that were important to them was the right thing to do.” The author continues that “People gave their best efforts for Frances because she helped them feel they were part of a worthy mission and showed them she cared about them.” Drawing on the years when Frances was the CEO of the Girl Scouts of the USA, he lists various reasons for her success with that institution, including “She kept up with what was going on in the lives of those around her and personally reached out to anyone when congratulations or consolation were in order.” And: “In planning and allocating resources, she introduced a circular management process that involved nearly everyone within the organization.”
FRANCES HESSELBEIN AND THE MIRACLE OF YOU
Authors: Tschang Molly 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe author notes that during Frances Hesselbein’s tenure as CEO of the Girl Scouts of the USA in the 1970s and 1980s, she was “lacking a peer group of fellow female CEOs.” Yet this may have been a source of her innovative leadership. The author writes that “Frances embraced the diversity of people, places, ideas and experiences long before any of that was in the corporate lingo.” Hesselbein’s ability to make people feel special and unique is captured by the author as “Frances saw you for the miracle of you. No judging or comparing. She was fully present; you were always the most important thing to her and you felt valued and heard.” Her effect was so profound on the author that it led her to start a new initiative that creates video, podcast and newsletter resources: “Frances inspired me to launch Say It Skillfully®, which is my own effort to help others say what needs to be said while still treating each other with respect and dignity.”
A rapid corrosion screening technique for grade 2707 hyper‐duplex stainless steel at ambient temperature
Authors: Zhou Yiqi , Cao Xiaoying , Mahmood Sultan , Engelberg Dirk Lars 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe pitting corrosion behaviour of 27%Cr–7%Ni (2707) hyper‐duplex stainless steel (HDSS) at ambient temperature has been assessed using a novel bipolar electrochemistry test set‐up. Application of this technique generates a linear potential gradient at the surface of the HDSS 2707 test piece, which allows assessment of the pitting corrosion behaviour at ambient temperature. Pit nucleation and associated growth kinetics can be obtained and characterised. To assess pitting corrosion in high‐alloyed HDSS, the normal bipolar test method had to be modified by superimposing an auxiliary potential. This new test set‐up was demonstrated by characterising the nucleation of pits and associated pit growth kinetics. The latter occurred either at austenite/ferrite interphase or inside ferrite phase, with pit growth within the ferrite phase in the HCl environment.
Scalable Fabrication of Lightweight, Heat‐Resistant, and Controllable Sizes Polyimide Hollow Microspheres
Authors: Meng Haichao , Ni Long , Zhou Cuiqing , Qiu Chen , Luo Yinfu , Zou Huawei , Zhou Shengtai , Liang Mei 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPolyimide hollow microspheres (PIHMs) possess lightweight and excellent thermal resistance, making them highly valuable for various applications in aerospace, catalysis, and irradiation. Co‐polymerized PIHMs (PIHMBMDs) are fabricated through powder foaming combined with a gradient heating strategy in this work. The diameter of PIHMBMDs ranged from 364 to 1230 µm, which can be designed by regulating the size of polyester ammonium salts (PEASs). The PIHMBMDs possess intact morphology with a breakage rate of 3%–10% and low bulk density with a density ranging from 28.3 to 62.9 kg m−3. Furthermore, PIHMBMDs exhibit excellent thermal properties with a 5% weight loss temperature and glass transition temperature of 525.0 and 282.5 °C, respectively, making it an ideal material for fabricating lightweight and high‐temperature‐resistant multifunctional composites. Moreover, the proposed method is simple, efficient, and easily scalable, which is suitable for industrial applications to manufacture large quantities of PIHMs.
Comparative Studies on the Anti‐Corrosive Action of Waterproofing Agent and Plant Extract to Steel Rebar
Authors: Somai Madan , Giri Ajaya , Roka Akash , Bhattarai Jagadeesh 
Published: August 2023

AbstractReinforcement of steel rebar in concrete infrastructure practices for a long time, mostly to improve tensile strength as well their service time. However, shortcomings related to damage of reinforced concrete (RfC) infrastructures becomes the business of corrosion researchers over the past few years, primarily from a safety and economic perspective. In general, the steel‐reinforced concrete (SRC) infrastructures are porous, and thence water as well different atmospheric pollutant gases penetrate it, causing the corrosion damages of the rebar, which shorten the prolonged existence of the RfC structures. The research aims to differentiate the efficacy and prosperity of waterproofing chemicals and methanol extract of Mangifera indica plant leaves for controlling the RfC susceptibility using a half‐cell corrosion potential measurement method following ASTM standard. The methanolic extract of M. indica leaves and waterproofing agents show high anti‐corrosion characteristics and can prescribe for the protection of the RfC infrastructures. The corrosion controlling performance level of 1000 and 2000 ppm M. indica extracts on the steel rebars in concrete has higher than the additions of alike concentration of both the water‐repellents depend on open‐circuit corrosion potential (CoP) shifting values to a noble direction.
Ecotoxicity Analysis and Risk Assessment of Nanomaterials for the Environmental Remediation
Authors: Thakur Abhinay , Kumar Ashish 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe evolution of a safe‐by‐design work premised on nanotechnology relies on the regulation of healthcare, safety, and environmental concerns throughout the manufacture, handling, preservation, assimilation, and disposal of nanomaterials. The practically infinite potential for nanoparticles to be functionalized, chemically interacted with, and added to new products necessitates a new management method for the safe and hazard‐free application of nanotechnology. Nanomaterials (NMs) like silver NMs and nanomaterial composites have a limited quantity of accurate toxicity and ecotoxicological evidence, which has a severe effect on the ecosystem. Due to the intricate and cross‐disciplinary architecture for several components and processes at the nanoscale, risk assessment in the field of nanotechnology necessitates an integrated interdisciplinary approach. In this review, the study begins by providing an insight into the general characteristics of nanoparticle synthesis and ecotoxicity assessments using a variety of green solutions. In addition, there are sections on safety protocols that encourage industrialists to use NMs more effectively in their operations.