bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dissociation of Immune Responses by the Induction of Partial Unresponsiveness
Authors: Borel Yves , Fauconnet Marthe , Miescher Peter 
Published: January 2023

Summary
Administration of dinitrophenyl-ovalbumin to newborn guinea pigs resulted in the specific suppression of delayed hypersensitivity to this antigen after immunization with the same antigen in complete adjuvant in about half of the animals. The duration of the suppression of delayed hypersensitivity appears to be related to the dose of antigen administered in the 1st week of life.
Delayed hypersensitivity was successfully transferred with sensitized lymph node cells to recipient animals which had been rendered “partially tolerant.”
Complement-fixing but not passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) antibody were also suppressed at 6 and 8 weeks of age in about half of the animals injected neonatally with a large dose of antigen.
A similar state of “partial unresponsiveness” was obtained in adult animals, although under these experimental conditions, larger amounts of antigen appear to be necessary.
No correlation was found between the suppression of delayed hypersensitivity and the formation of γ1 (PCA) and complement-fixing antibody. These data support the assumption that the various immune phenomena evolve independently of each other. Some biologic implications of a state of “partial unresponsiveness” are discussed.
Protein Conjugates of Polysaccharide from Cryptococcus Neoformans
Authors: Goren Mayer B. , Middlebrook Gardner M. 
Published: January 2023

Summary
Soluble polysaccharide from culture filtrates of Cryptococcus neoformans can be made potently antigenic in mice if it is coupled to a heterologous protein by a reaction sequence that permits retention of the ester functions (specifically identified as acetate) in the native polysaccharide.
The key step in the reaction sequence which was developed rests on the utility of dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) as an aprotic homogeneous reaction solvent for the polysaccharide. This allows controlled nitrocarbanilation of the carbohydrate without cleavage of the acetyl functions. The aminocarbanilate derived from the nitro compound was diazotized and coupled to bovine γ-globulin (BGG) to yield gelled protein-azocarbanilate-polysaccharide conjugates. Homogenized conjugates dispersed in Freund's adjuvant were potent antigens in mice and stimulated production of humoral anti-BGG and antipolysaccharide. De-acetylated polysaccharide coupled to BGG and polysaccharide-mouse globulin conjugate were essentially inert.
The polysaccharide and its derivatives were subject to ready insolubilization by what is judged to be an intermolecular crosslinking. It is suggested that the physical integrity of the cryptococcal capsule may be a consequence of a similar behavior in vivo. In addition, DMSO is an effective decapsulating agent for this yeast.
Further Studies on Effect of Endotoxin on Antibody Response of Rabbit to Common Antigen of Enterobacteriaceae
Authors: Whang H. Y. , Neter E. 
Published: January 2023

Summary and Conclusions
Neutralization and precipitation of bacteriophage f2 by γG-immunoglobulin, 5S pepsin fragments and Fab′ fragments were used to test the hypothesis that steric hindrance is important in virus neutralization.
There was no demonstrable difference in the capacity of intact γG-immunoglobulin and 5S pepsin fragments to precipitate bacteriophage. The zones of equivalence with γG-immunoglobulin and 5S pepsin fragments were broad. These results suggested that there was no difference in the combining capacities of f2 for bivalent antibodies or for bivalent antibody fragments. As expected, the Fab′ fragments did not precipitate with bacteriophage f2.
The antibody to antigen ratios necessary to produce neutralization of bacteriophage correspond to points on the antibody excess end of the equivalence zone of the precipitin curve. In all cases the kinetics of neutralization were first order. The γG-immunoglobulin was most active and the Fab′ fragment was least active. The 5S pepsin fragments were intermediate in activity. However, the neutralization constants were not strictly proportional to molecular weights. This suggests that virus neutralization may not be entirely explicable on the basis of steric hindrance.
HUBUNGAN RESILLIENSI PERUBAHAN PEMBELAJARAN DARING KE LURING TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN KOMUNIKASI MATEMATIS SISWA
Authors: Marlina Mira , Caesarani Sarah , Safitri Sarah Yulia 
Published: January 2023

The research to determine the description of resilience, description of communication skills the relationship between learning change resilience online to offline on students' mathematical communication skills and the magnitude of the relationship of resilience to students' mathematical communication skills. This research is a quantitative research. with descriptive and correlation analysis techniques. The results showed that: 1) students' mathematical resilience abilities were able to meet the indicators; 2) students' mathematical communication skills are able to meet the indicators; 3) there is a relationship between the resilience of online and offline learning changes to students' mathematical communication skills and 4) there is a very strong positive relationship between the resilience and the mathematical communication ability
KEMAMPUAN PENALARAN MATEMATIS DALAM MENYELESAIKAN SOAL CERITA BAGI SUBJEK PROGRAM PEMINATAN BAHASA DAN IPS
Authors: Anggraeni Dita Kusuma , Fathani Abdul Halim , Alifiani Alifiani 
Published: January 2023

This study aims to describe the ability of mathematical reasoning in solving story problems for students of the Language and Social Studies specialization program. The approach in this study is descriptive qualitative. The subjects of this study are students who have high mathematical abilities in the Language and Social Studies specialization program in Class XI SMA Negeri 7 Malang. The data collection techniques used are tests, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis is carried out through 3 stages, namely data condensation, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. Based on the results of data analysis, the following findings were obtained. In the sensemaking process, learners are equally inclined to represent visual and symbolic forms. In the conjectturing process, language subjects have linguistic intelligence, while social studies subjects have intrapersonal intelligence. In the convincing process, the subject of Language corresponds to a predetermined settlement strategy but there are errors in the calculation process and tend to use the right brain. While the subject of IPS corresponds to a predetermined settlement strategy and is not written down the process of calculating it but the results are correct and tend to use the right brain. In the reflecting process, the Language subject reevaluates the completion result but is less sure, while the IPS subject reevaluates the completion result and is confident so that the completion result is correct. In the process of generalising, the subject of Language generalizes conclusions using words but incorrectly. Meanwhile, the subject of IPS generalizes conclusions correctly and uses words in writing down the conclusions of the answers. Based on the results of the study, language subjects are known to have poor mathematical reasoning skills, which can perform all indicators but there are errors in the stages of the indicators. Meanwhile, IPS subjects have good mathematical reasoning abilities by fulfilling all stages and indicators of mathematical reasoning ability
STRATEGI DAKWAH KULTURAL DI INDONESIA
Authors: Adde Exsan Adde 
Published: January 2023

Abstrak
Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mendeskripsikan strategi dakwah budaya dalam konteks Indonesia. Adapun pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode library research, mencermati fenomena dan berita aktual yang terjadi dengan mengumpulkan data dari berbagai literasi kemudian dianalisis dengan kajian sebelumnya dan model perkembangan peradaban manusia. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah strategi dakwah kultur hendaknya memahami sistem sosial masyarakat setempat, ide-ide dakwah sosial yang toleran dan memperhatikan kebiasaan, adat, dan budaya masyarakat setempat yang positif, agar pendakwah dapat menyesuaikan diri dan pesan yang disampaikannya dapat diterima secara umum oleh masyarakat.
Kata kunci: Dakwah Kultural, Strategi, Indonesia.
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to describe the strategy of cultural da'wah in the Indonesian context. The approach used in this study uses the library research method, looking at phenomena and actual news that occurs by collecting data from various literacy and then analyzing it with previous studies and models of the development of human civilization. The results of this study are that the cultural da'wah strategy should understand the social system of the local community, the ideas of social da'wah that are tolerant and pay attention to the positive habits, customs and culture of the local community, so that the preacher can adapt and the message he conveys can be generally accepted by the community.
Keywords: Cultural Da'wah, Strategy, Indonesia.
PEMBERDAYAAN BERBASIS EKONOMI KREATIF DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEMANDIRIAN EKONOMI MASYARAKAT
Authors: Syamsul Rizal  , Muharrani  , Saidatun Nisa  
Published: January 2023

Abstrak
Adapun tujuan dilakukan research ini untuk melihat lebih detail bagaimana efek pemberdayaan masyarakat berbasis ekonomi kreatif dalam meningkatkan kemandirian ekonomi masyarakat. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif karena ingin memberi gambaran secara detail tentang usaha kerupuk mulia indah permai dalam memandirikan ekonomi masyarakat. Sedangkan data diperoleh dari owner usaha kerupuk mulia indah dan lima orang masyarakat yang terlibat dalam memproduksi kerupuk tersebut menggunakan metode wawancara mendalam, observasi secara terus menerus dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data dengan cara mereduksi data, menyajikan data dan menarik kesimpulan dari semua data tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa seluruh karyawan yang terlibat dalam usaha pembuatan kerupuk merasakan manfaat secara ekonomi, ini dibuktikan dengan ekonomi seluruh karyawan meningkat (sejahtera), semua karyawan sudah mampu memenuhi kebutuhan sandang, papan dan pangan, memiliki sumber income tetap sendiri, lebih open minded dengan pemerintah serta memiliki kemampuan untuk mengatur dirinya sendiri.
Kata Kunci: Pemberdayaan, Ekonomi Kreatif, Kemandirian Ekonomi
Abstract
The purpose of this research is to see in more detail how the effects of community empowerment based on the creative economy in increasing the economic independence of the community. This study uses a qualitative approach because it wants to give a detailed description of the noble beautiful scenic cracker business in making the community's economy self-sufficient. While the data was obtained from the owner of the Mulia Indah cracker business and five people from the community who were involved in producing the crackers using in-depth interviews, continuous observation and documentation. Data analysis techniques by reducing data, presenting data and drawing conclusions from all the data. The results of the study show that all employees involved in the cracker-making business experience economic benefits, this is evidenced by the economy of all employees increasing (prosperous), all employees are able to meet the needs of clothing, shelter and food, have their own source of steady income, are more open minded with government and have the ability to self-regulate.
Keywords: Empowerment, Creative Economy, Economic Independence
PENGARUH KEPEMIMPINAN KEPALA SEKOLAH TERHADAP KINERJA GURU DI SEKOLAH MENENGAH PERTAMA NEGERI 20 PEKANBARU
Authors: Kurniawan Willytiyo , Ramadoni Pebri 
Published: January 2023

Abstrak
Penelitian ni bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kepemimpinan kepala sekolah terhadap kinerja guru. Subjek dalam penelitian ni adalah 53 orang guru di SMP Negeri 20 Pekanbaru. Dalam penelitian ni data dikumpulkan melalui kuisioner terhadap 53 orang guru dengan nstrumen yang digunakan adalah skala kepemimpinan dan skala kinerja guru. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ni adalah metode kuantitatif. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi linier sederhana. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa adanya thitung lebih besar dari ttabel 4,515 > 2,007 dan tingkat signifikan 0,05 > 0,000 maka kesimpulannya adalah Ho ditolak Ha diterima yang berarti kepemimpinan (X) berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja guru (Y) pada SMP Negeri 20 Pekanbaru. Hasil persamaan uji regresi linier sederhana Y = α + βx yakni Y = 16,509 + 0,559x. Dari persamaan regresi tersebut disimpulkan bahwa koefisiens regresi βx bernilai positif. Hasil R square sebesar nilai R square 0,272 Artinya adalah bahwa sumbangan pengaruh kepemimpinan kepala sekolah terhadap kinerja guru adalah sebesar 27,2% sedangkan sisanya 72,8% dipengaruhi oleh variabe lain yang tidak diuraikan dalam penelitian ni.
Kata kunci: Kepemimpinan kepala sekolah, Kinerja Guru
SIKAP OPTIMISME PARA NABI DALAM AL QUR’AN
Authors: Anshory Muhammad Isa , Hafid Muhammad Syarifudin 
Published: January 2023

Al-Qur’an yang diturunkan oleh Allah dalam kurun waktu dua puluh tiga tahun, memuat semua pelajaran dan pedoman bagi manusia. Kisah para nabi yang terdapat dalam al-Qur’an menjadi bagian yang penting untuk kehidupan manusia. Tidak heran jika sepertiga isi al Quran memuat kisah-kisah yang bertujuan untuk membentuk karakter manusia sehingga memiliki budi perketi luhur dan aqidah tauhid yang kuat. Kisah dalam al Quran merupakan kisah pilihan yang Allah hadirkan untuk manusia agar bisa dicontoh dan dijadikan tauladan. Apalagi kisah yang banyak disebutkan adalah kisah para nabi. Sebagai manusia biasa, para nabi merasakan apa yang dirasakan manusia pada umumnya, dari kesedihan, kesempitan, kekurangan. Itu semuanya merupakan ujian bagi semua manusia tidak terkecuali para nabi. Namun mereka bisa lulus dari permasalahan yang dihadapi karena ada sifat optimis pada diri mereka. Sikap Optimis sangat berperan dalam melewati ujian dengan memperbanyak doa, berikhtiar maksimal, berhusnudzhan, percaya bahwa segala sesuatu pasti ada jalan keluar dan Allah tidak akan menimpa suatu permasalahan kepada hamba melebihi batas kemampuannya.
IMPLEMENTASI SIFAT KENABIAN DALAM MENGINSPIRASI WARTAWAN MUSLIM SEBAGAI JURNALIS DAN DA’I
Authors: Abdul Wahid  
Published: January 2023

Pada tulisan ini memuat tentang implementasi sifat kenabian dalam menginspirasi wartawan muslim sebagai jurnalis dan da’i. Diantara aspek kehidupan manusia diera sekarang ini yaitu kebutuhan terhadap informasi baik yang isinya masalah kesehatan, sosial, politik, pendidikan termasuk dalam masalah keagamaan (dakwah). Dalam konteks ini, maka posisi wartawan khususnya wartawan muslim sangat urgen dalam menjawab berbagai kebutuhan umat terhadap informasi. Keberadaan perangkat digital yang berbasis internet saat ini kemudian memunculkan berbagai media online dan media sosial yang tersebar secara online sehingga penyebarannya lebih massif dan sangat diminati oleh masyarakat. Kehadiran media komunikasi khususnya media sosial telah begitu banyak mengubah pola pikir dan perilaku umat terhadap dunia, budaya dan agama sehingga para da’i harus dapat menyikapinya tepat dan bijak. Setiap umat Islam adalah da’i termasuk seorang yang sehari-hari bergelut dalam dunia jurnalistik. Jika selama ini ada stigma bahwa dakwah hanya diperankan oleh para ustadz, kiyai dan sebagainya, maka pemahaman atau stigma ini tidak seutuhnya benar, karena sebagai umat Islam mereka telah diberikan tanggungjawab moral sebagai wujud keimanan kepada Allah agar mau memikul tugas dakwah sesuai kemampuan dan kapasitasnya termasuk sebagai seorang wartawan.
Dynamics and Issues in Land Administration Systems in South South Cities, Nigeria
Authors: Mbee Mbee , Joseph Tonte 
Published: January 2023

Purpose: The land administration system in Nigeria has undergone changes over the years. The quest for a sustainable land administration system is borne out of the interest associated with land ownership. This study investigates the dynamics and issues that affect the land administration system in the south-south geopolitical zone, of Nigeria.
Methodology: A survey research method was used in the study. Registered practicing planners constituted the study population and the data for the study were gathered using a questionnaire and secondary data. There were 522 registered practicing town, planners, in the south-south geo-political region at the time of this study and the researchers adopted a census of all the planners as participants in the study. However, only 414 of the censused population correctly filled out and returned copies of the questionnaire. Both qualitative and quantitative tools were used in analyzing the data.
Findings: This study demonstrates that political interference, cultural practice, institutional frameworks, finance, existing laws, data quality, manpower and adoption of standards threaten the land administration system in south south geopolitical zone, of Nigeria. However, the financial constraint has the highest mean score of 3.40 and ranks first among the various challenges while data quality scored 2.97 and ranked 7th position among the several issues confronting the land administration system. As revealed by the study, institutional framework and existing laws in the land both ranked 6th position with a mean score of 3.18. The study empirically showed that there is no significant difference in the challenges of land administration systems in by states since the p-value (0.372) is greater than the critical level of alpha (0.05).
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: To enhance the smooth administration of land in Nigeria, the study recommended that government should adequately fund the agencies that are statutorily saddled with the responsibility of designing land administration systems to guarantee interest in land and promote urban development.
Green Supply Chain and Its Importance in Today's Era Including Covid -Pandemic: Narrative Review Method
Authors: Kumar Kaparthi 
Published: January 2023

Purpose: The current review investigates how green operations, design, manufacturing, reverse logistics, and waste management are impacted after covid-19 outbreak globally from the available literature.
Methodology: A qualitative literature search with integrative models were used by allpying the SEARCH strategy criteria that we used came from a variety of different sources, such as Google scholar, Scopus, World of Science, PubMed, and other online databases. These sources have published the literature on the GSCM during the time of the avian influenza pandemic, as well as the challenges that the supply chain is currently facing and what the learning mantras are.
Findings: The present review outlines the existence of the Invariable. Panic resurrects the bullwhip. Some CEOs imagine a corporate whip. Product divisions protect themselves against higher allocations and source's pad. Supply is estimated by suppliers and manufacturers based on customer expectations. Things may be worse. Companies who are prepared with diverse sources and outside-in digital processes will succeed in the new economy.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: By applying the current review gaps the new strategy can be implemented in logistics and supply chain companies for understanding the planning and implementation after post-pandemic.
Relationship Between Work Attitude, Noise and Work Fatigue With Musculoskeletal Complaints (MSDs) on Rice Mill Workers in Soa District, Ngada Regency
Authors: Ngai Selviana Alfrida Dhenge , Ruliati Luh Putu , Toy Sarci Magdalena 
Published: January 2023

Penggilingan padi sebagai salah satu pekerjaan sektor informal dibidang pertanian mempunyai faktor-faktor risiko yang dapat mengakibatkan pekerja mengalami keluhan muskusloskeletal. Pekerja banyak melakukan sikap kerja tidak alamiah saat bekerja seperti membungkuk, memutar badan/punggung, mengangkat beban yang berat dan dilakukan secara berulang ulang kali yang mempunyai risiko menyebabkan muskuloskeletal disorder. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan sikap kerja, kebisingan, dan kelelahan kerja dengan keluhan muskuloskeletal pada pekerja penggilingan padi di Kecamatan Soa Kabupaten Ngada. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode survei analitik, menggunakan cross sectional study. Populasi yang diteliti adalah semua pekerja penggilingan padi di Kecamatan Soa Kabupaten Ngada yaitu 60 pekerja. Besar sampel penelitian adalah seluruh pekerja yang dicuplik dengan teknik simple random sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada hubungan antara sikap kerja (p=0,002), kelelahan kerja (p=0,017), kebisingan (p=0,036) dengan keluhan muskuloskeletal.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PELAKSANAAN E-LEARNING DI INSTITUT AGAMA KRISTEN NEGERI KUPANG TAHUN 2021
Authors: Wanser  
Published: January 2023

This study aims to determine the factors that influence the implementation of e-learning in the online learning process at the Kupang State Christian Institute in 2021. The type of research used is a descriptive method using a survey approach. The population in this study were all students. The sampling used in this study used stratified random sampling. The sample in this study was 180 students consisting of 73 semester 1 students, 66 semester 3 students, and 41 semester 5 students. The result showed that there were 104 people who felt that the quality of information during the implementation of e-learning was not good, 62 people felt that the quality of information during the implementation of e-learning was not good. the implementation of e-learning is good, and only 14 people feel that the quality of information during the implementation of e-learning is very good, there are 102 people who feel that the quality of the system during the implementation of e-learning is not good, 61 people feel that the quality of the system during the implementation of e-learning is good , and only 17 people feel that the quality of the system during the implementation of e-learning is very good, and There are 99 people who feel that the network connection during the implementation of e-learning is not good, 53 people feel that the network connection during the implementation of e-learning is good, and only 28 people who feel that the network connection during the implementation of e-learning is very good.
Keywords: Electronic learning, distance learning, learning evaluation
IMPLEMENTASI PEMBELAJARAN DARING PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 DI FAKULTAS EKONOMI DAN BISNIS UIN SYARIF HIDAYATULLAH JAKARTA
Authors: Andriani Lina Saparlina 
Published: January 2023

One of the impacts of the Covid-19 pandemic on the education sector is the change from the face-to-face learning system to a distance learning system (online) at all levels of education. This study tries to explain how the implementation of online learning during the Covid-19 Pandemic at the Faculty of Economics and Business (FEB) UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta.This research is a quantitative descriptive study, with techniques of data collection using surveys through questionnaires. Questionnaires were distributed through Google Form to 519 respondents. The focus of this research includes: 1) How is the participation of FEB students in taking online lectures, 2) The extent to which FEB lecturers are committed to conducting online lectures, and 3) what obstacles are faced in implementing online lectures. The results of this study indicate that FEB student participation in online learning is very good, this is evidenced by as many as 99% of respondents stating that they take online lectures with the majority using the zoom meeting platform. On the other hand, FEB lecturers also have a very high commitment in carrying out online lectures, this is illustrated by the lecturer’s obedience in following the syllabus, the schedule and duration of the lectures that have been set. Meanwhile, the most common obstacle in the online learning process at FEB is the unstable internet network.
Keywords: Learning, Online, Covid-19