bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dorsal and ventral fronto-amygdala networks underlie risky decision-making in age-related cognitive decline
Authors: Ren Ping , Ma Manxiu , Zhuang Yuchuan , Huang Jiayin , Tan Meiling , Wu Donghui , Luo Guozhi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractOlder adults often have difficulty in making decisions under uncertainty, increasing the risk of financial exploitation. However, it is still under investigation about the extent to which cognitive decline influences risky decision-making and the underlying neural correlates. We hypothesized that the individual differences of risk-taking behavior depend on cognitive integrity, in which the dorsal and ventral fronto-amygdala connectivity would play dissociable roles. In the current study, thirty-six young and 51 older adults were tested with the Iowa gambling task combing resting-state and task-related functional magnetic resonance imaging. The results showed significant changes in behaviors and the fronto-amygdala network in older adults relative to young adults. More importantly, age-effect on risk-taking behaviors was remarkably different in cognitively normal and impaired older adults. In resting-state analysis, task performance was positively correlated with the ventral fronto-amygdala connectivity and negatively correlated with the dorsal fronto-amygdala connectivity in cognitively impaired older adults, compared with cognitively normal individuals. Furthermore, task-related analysis confirmed the relationships between dorsal/ventral fronto-amygdala network and risk-taking behaviors depending on cognitive integrity. These findings indicate that the fronto-amygdala network is crucial for understanding altered risky decision-making in aging, suggesting dissociable contributions of the dorsal and ventral pathways in the context of cognitive decline.
Evolution of Marijuana Research at the Biopsychosocial Level: a General View
Authors: Sixto-Costoya Andrea , García-Zorita Carlos , Valderrama-Zurián Juan Carlos , Sanz-Casado Elías , Serrano-López Antonio Eleazar 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn recent years, there have been important changes related to marijuana use at the therapeutic, legislative, and social levels. Our goal is to know how they have influenced scientific research through the articles published in the Health Sciences journals in the last two decades (2001–2020). Marijuana articles included in the Web of Science Core Collection were retrieved, including their PubMed identifier (PMID) which was used to check whether these articles were also indexed in PubMed, obtaining a total of 36,982 documents. After, their descriptive terms (MeSH) on the specific branches of Chemicals and Drugs, Psychiatry and Psychology, and Anthropology, Education, Sociology, and Social Phenomena were extracted to (1) conduct a correspondence analysis between terms and years to know the temporary evolution and (2) study the frequency per years of the terms “marijuana abuse,” “marijuana use,” and “medical marijuana.” The temporary analysis of the three branches showed a change in the use of terms from those more punitive to others more generic, more related to therapeutic issues, or more normalizing. The analysis of frequency showed that the most recent terms “marijuana use” and “medical marijuana” have gained weight on “marijuana abuse.” Starting with research on the negative consequences and ending with elements related to legislation and the therapeutic possibilities of marijuana shows a trend that has not been observed for any other drug. It would be advisable for scientific research and policy actions to take this into account in the development of prevention programs.
Definitive chemoradiation in vulvar squamous cell carcinoma: outcome and toxicity from an observational multicenter Italian study on vulvar cancer (OLDLADY 1.1)
Authors: Macchia Gabriella , Lancellotta Valentina , Ferioli Martina , Casà Calogero , Pezzulla Donato , Pappalardi Brigida , Laliscia Concetta , Ippolito Edy , Di Muzio Jacopo , Huscher Alessandra , Tortoreto Francesca , Boccardi Mariangela , Lazzari Roberta , Perrone Anna Myriam , Raspagliesi Francesco , Gadducci Angiolo , Garganese Giorgia , Fragomeni Simona Maria , Ferrandina Gabriella , Morganti Alessio Giuseppe , Gambacorta Maria Antonietta , Tagliaferri Luca 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Vulvar carcinoma is a rather uncommon gynecological malignancy affecting elderly women and the treatment of loco-regional advanced carcinoma of the vulva (LAVC) is a challenge for both gynecologic and radiation oncologists. Definitive chemoradiation (CRT) is the treatment of choice, but with disappointing results. In this multicenter study (OLDLADY-1.1), several institutions have combined their retrospective data on LAVC patients to produce a real-world dataset aimed at collecting data on efficacy and safety of CRT.

Methods
The primary study end-point was 2-year-local control (LC), secondary end-points were 2-year-metastasis free-survival (MFS), 2-year-overall survival (OS) and the rate and severity of acute and late toxicities. Participating centers were required to fill data sets including age, stage, histology, grading as well as technical/dosimetric details of CRT. Data about response, local and regional recurrence, acute and late toxicities, follow-up and outcome measures were also collected. The toxicity was a posteriori documented through the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 5 scale.

Results
Retrospective analysis was performed on 65 patients with primary or recurrent LAVC treated at five different radiation oncology institutions covering 11-year time interval (February 2010–November 2021). Median age at diagnosis was 72 years (range 32–89). With a median follow-up of 19 months (range 1–114 months), 2-year actuarial LC, MFS and OS rate were 43.2%, 84.9% and 59.7%, respectively. In 29 patients (44%), CRT was temporarily stopped (median 5 days, range 1–53 days) due to toxicity. The treatment interruption was statistically significant at univariate analysis of factors predicting LC (p: 0.05) and OS rate (p: 0.011), and it was confirmed at the multivariate analysis for LC rate (p: 0.032). In terms of toxicity profile, no G4 event was recorded. Most adverse events were reported as grade 1 or 2. Only 14 acute G3 toxicities, all cutaneous, and 7 late G3 events (3 genitourinary, 3 cutaneous, and 1 vaginal stenosis) were recorded.

Conclusion
In the context of CRT for LAVC, the present study reports encouraging results even if there is clearly room for further improvements, in terms of both treatment outcomes, toxicity and treatment interruption management.
Excitable FitzHugh-Nagumo model with cross-diffusion: long-range activation instabilities
Authors: Gambino G. , Lombardo M. C. , Rizzo R. , Sammartino M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we shall study a spatially extended version of the FitzHugh-Nagumo model, where one describes the motion of the species through cross-diffusion. The motivation comes from modeling biological species where reciprocal interaction influences spatial movement. We shall focus our analysis on the excitable regime of the system. In this case, we shall see how cross-diffusion terms can destabilize uniform equilibrium, allowing for the formation of close-to-equilibrium patterns; the species are out-of-phase spatially distributed, namely high concentration areas of one species correspond to a low density of the other (cross-Turing patterns). Moreover, depending on the magnitude of the inhibitor’s cross-diffusion, the pattern’s development can proceed in either case of the inhibitor/activator diffusivity ratio being higher or smaller than unity. This allows for spatial segregation of the species in both cases of short-range activation/long-range inhibition or long-range activation/short-range inhibition.
The Role of Multi-Sensor Measurement in the Assessment of Movement Quality: A Systematic Review
Authors: Swain T. Alexander , McNarry Melitta A. , Runacres Adam W. H. , Mackintosh Kelly A. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Movement quality is typically assessed by drawing comparisons against predetermined movement standards. Movements are often discretely scored or labelled against pre-set criteria, though movement quality can also be evaluated using motion-related measurements (e.g., spatio-temporal parameters and kinematic variables). Wearable technology has the potential to measure and assess movement quality and offer valuable, practical feedback.

Objectives
A systematic approach was taken to examine the benefits associated with multi-sensor and multiple wearable-device usage, compared with unimodal applications, when assessing movement quality. Consequently, this review considers the additional variables and features that could be obtained through multi-sensor devices for use in movement analyses. Processing methods and applications of the various configurations were also explored.

Methods
Articles were included within this review if they were written in English, specifically studied the use of wearable sensors to assess movement quality, and were published between January 2010 and December 2022. Of the 62,635 articles initially identified, 27 papers were included in this review. The quality of included studies was determined using a modified Downs and Black checklist, with 24/27 high quality.

Results
Fifteen of the 27 included studies used a classification approach, 11 used a measurement approach, and one used both methods. Accelerometers featured in all 27 studies, in isolation (n = 5), with a gyroscope (n = 9), or with both a gyroscope and a magnetometer (n = 13). Sampling frequencies across all studies ranged from 50 to 200 Hz. The most common classification methods were traditional feature-based classifiers (n = 5) and support vector machines (SVM; n = 5). Sensor fusion featured in six of the 16 classification studies and nine of the 12 measurement studies, with the Madgwick algorithm most prevalent (n = 7).

Conclusions
This systematic review highlights the differences between the applications and processing methods associated with the use of unimodal and multi-sensor wearable devices when assessing movement quality. Further, the use of multiple devices appears to increase the feasibility of effectively assessing holistic movements, while multi-sensor devices offer the ability to obtain more output metrics.
Experimental study on the interrelation of multiple mechanical parameters in overburden rock caving process during coal mining in longwall panel
Authors: Deng Daixin , Wang Hongwei , Xie Lili , Wang Zeliang , Song Jiaqi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn order to comprehend the dynamic disaster mechanism induced by overburden rock caving during the advancement of a coal mining face, a physical simulation model is constructed basing on the geological condition of the 21221 mining face at Qianqiu coal mine in Henan Province, China. This study established, a comprehensive monitoring system to investigate the interrelations and evolutionary characteristics among multiple mechanical parameters, including mining-induced stress, displacement, temperature, and acoustic emission events during overburden rock caving. It is suggested that, despite the uniformity of the overburden rock caving interval, the main characteristic of overburden rock lies in its uneven caving strength. The mining-induced stress exhibits a reasonable interrelation with the displacement, temperature, and acoustic emission events of the rock strata. With the advancement of the coal seam, the mining-induced stress undergoes four successive stages: gentle stability, gradual accumulation, high-level mutation, and a return to stability. The variations in other mechanical parameters does not synchronize with the significant changes in mining-induced stress. Before the collapse of overburden rock occurs, rock strata temperature increment decreases and the acoustic emission ringing counts surges with the increase of rock strata displacement and mining-induced stress. Therefore, the collaborative characteristics of mining-induced stress, displacement, temperature, and acoustic emission ringing counts can be identified as the precursor information or overburden rock caving. These results are in good consistent with on-site situation in the coal mine.
Integration of ERT and shallow seismic refraction for geotechnical investigation on El-Alamein Hotel Building Area, El-Alamein new city, Egypt
Authors: Qaher Mariam , Eldosouky Ahmed M. , Saada Saada A. , Basheer Alhussein Adham 
Published: September 2023

AbstractEl-Alamein new city is regarded as one of the iconic cities of the Egyptian North Western Coast to be not only residential units but also summer resorts for tourist attractions. This study examines the efficiency of integrating geophysical methods for determining if clay lenses exist or seawater has intruded into shallow strata and for calculating the geotechnical parameters of near-surface layers for construction purposes. Nine electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) and shallow seismic refraction (SSR) profiles are conducted in this study. From ERT data, we observed the intrusion of seawater in layers at different depths. From SSR data, two layers are observed along profiles, while three layers are observed along the other profiles according to their velocities. Near-surface geotechnical parameters, that were calculated from SSR data, are integrated to evaluate our study area. Accordingly, it was considered a low-competent area and suitable for buildings with low heights, and the only difference is the intrusion of seawater, therefore, it is subdivided into 2 zones. In zone (A), the second layer is used as a foundation layer. Zone (B) is pretentious by the intrusion of seawater, and it is not suggested to construct any buildings or to improve the strength of concrete exposed to seawater in this zone to be suitable also for buildings with a low height.
Initial Examination of DAHLIA: A Fully-automated Internet Intervention for Women Survivors of Sexual Assault
Authors: Goodmann Danielle R. , Brown Lisa M. , Bunge Eduardo L. , Leykin Yan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSexual assault is a common human rights violation that globally affects approximately 1 in 3 women (30%). Making interventions available via the internet can enhance the security, privacy, and accessibility of mental health resources. This pilot study evaluates utilization, perceived helpfulness, and initial efficacy of Digital Aid to Help Life Improve after Assault (DAHLIA), a fully automated internet-based microintervention website developed to help women improve mood and functioning. Sixty-eight individuals consented to take part in this study. Although most participants visited the website only once, the eight DAHLIA microinterventions were used 117 times. Participants rated the microinterventions as moderately useful; depression and anxiety were inversely related to the perception of usefulness (p < .05). Microinterventions that were designed to offer immediate relief improved mood from before to after use more than the microinterventions requiring activities outside of the intervention (p < .05). Both types of microinterventions were similarly effective for reducing distress from before to after using microinterventions. Our initial test of DAHLIA indicated an interest in such interventions along with their potential to improve mental well-being in the moment. This study also suggested areas for improvement and further development.
Geometric characterization of level set families of harmonic functions on Riemannian manifolds
Authors: Lin Cunda 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn (Bivens in Mathematics Magazine 65: 226–235, 1992), it is shown that the appearance of the curves completely determines whether a family of curves in the Euclidean plane is a family of level curves of some harmonic function free of critical points. In this paper, we extend the result of (Bivens in Mathematics Magazine 65: 226–235, 1992) to higher dimensional Riemannian manifolds and give a geometric characterization of the level set family of the solutions of the differential equation $$\vert {\text {grad}}\;u \vert ^{-1}\varDelta u=\psi$$

|
grad

u
|

-
1

Δ
u
=
ψ

, where $$\psi$$
ψ
is a smooth function on the manifold.
Gaetano Salvemini and foreign policy during the First World War: the collaboration with The New Europe
Authors: Frangioni Andrea 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn 1958, A.J.P. Taylor's essay The Troublemakers explored the tradition of dissent against power politics in the United Kingdom. Gaetano Salvemini, who had always shown a consistent interest in British political and cultural debates, shared many of the positions put forward by these ‘troublemakers’, such as free trade, the fight against military expenditure, and suspicions regarding standing armies. At the outbreak of the First World War, Salvemini used these arguments to support Italy's involvement in the war against autocratic and militarist central powers. Salvemini's journal L'Unità reported the stances expressed by a ‘troublemaker network’ called the Union of Democratic Control, despite their criticism of the United Kingdom's line of action during the war. In the course of the conflict, Salvemini kept in close contact with a specific group of ‘troublemakers’ around Robert Seton-Watson's journal The New Europe. Salvemini championed The New Europe's fight for subject nationalities in the Habsburg Empire, though he criticised their support of Yugoslavian claims to Istria, Trieste and Venezia Giulia. This essay will focus on the complex relationship between Salvemini and these British ‘troublemakers’ through the former's writings and correspondence.
Using simulation as a platform to prepare for ear, nose and throat emergencies in the coronavirus disease 2019 era and beyond
Authors: Hopkins Michael E , Li Lucy Q , Yeo Justin JY , Hathorn Iain 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundFollowing limited clinical exposure during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, a simulation-based platform aimed at providing a unique and safe learning tool was established. The aim was to improve the skills, knowledge and confidence of new ENT doctors.MethodThe course was developed through 5 iterations over 28 months, moving from a half-day session to 2 full-day courses with more scenarios. Participant, faculty and local simulation team feedback drove course development. High-fidelity scenarios were provided, ranging from epistaxis to stridor, using technology including SimMan3 G mannequin, mask-Ed™ and nasendoscopy simulators.ResultsParticipant feedback consistently demonstrated that the knowledge and skills acquired enhanced preparedness for working in ENT, with impact being sustained in clinical practice.ConclusionPreparing healthcare professionals adequately is essential to enhancing patient safety. This simulation course has been effective in supporting new doctors in ENT and has subsequently been rolled out at a national level.
Property and international relations: lessons from Locke on anarchy and sovereignty
Authors: Bertoldi Nancy 
Published: September 2023

AbstractProperty has a ubiquitous presence in international practice, but its implications for theorizing world order are not adequately explored. I remedy this by showing how property constitutes the core concepts of anarchy and sovereignty in international relations (IR) as overlapping spaces of right-based governance. I develop my account of a property-based world order in relation to the work of John Locke. Locke is generally overlooked as a core IR thinker, with the unfortunate consequence that anarchy and sovereignty are conceptualized as polar opposites under the enduring shadow of Hobbes. Even prominent critics of Hobbesian anarchy rely on Hobbesian notions of sovereignty, resulting in minimalist conceptions of international society and international ethics. To counter these Hobbesian legacies, I turn to Locke's limited, plural, and fluid accounts of anarchy and sovereignty and show how they are grounded in a normative notion of property that mutually constitutes them. This provides an alternative to the Hobbesian absolutist conceptions of anarchy and sovereignty that many IR theorists still operate with. The result is a distinctly normative vision for IR that condemns the twin evils of conquest and tyranny.
Seasonal Peak Snow Predictability Derived From Early‐Season Snow in North America
Authors: Lundquist Jessica D. , Kim Rhae Sung , Durand Michael , Prugh Laura R. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSNOwpack TELemetry observations and model simulations both demonstrate that the fractional contribution of October through December (early season) snowfall to peak snow accumulation in North America increases with latitude due to both colder temperatures and Pacific storm tracks focusing further north earlier in the season. Early season snowfall also makes up greater than 60 percent of peak accumulation in interior low‐precipitation locations leeward of mountains, particularly those that are subject to strong, warm winds and midwinter snow loss. Early season snow observations show promise in predicting peak snow water equivalent in locations where large‐scale ocean‐atmosphere patterns similarly influence fall and winter conditions, and in northern maritime locations where winter temperatures are warm enough that rain on snow and midwinter melt occur. Because climate change is likely to increase the extent of midwinter melt, the latter relationship is expected to become important over more locations in the future.
Variation Trends of Asymmetrical Precipitable Water Vapor Outside the Tropical Cyclone Center Over the WNP and WSP Ocean
Authors: Yu Shiwei , Liu Zhizhao , Yang Yuanjian 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPrecipitable water vapor (PWV) is one of the crucial driving forces for tropical cyclone (TC) genesis. Under the impact of global warming, TCs have changed their way to concentrate PWV from the ambient atmosphere. This study starts with the asymmetric characteristics of PWV in the TC's north and south sides using altimetry‐satellite‐based PWV profiles paired with 367 TCs over the western Pacific Ocean between 2008 and 2020. The results suggest that the TC‐concentrated PWV has a north‐leaning and south‐leaning property over the western North Pacific (WNP) and western South Pacific (WSP), respectively. Moreover, it is observed that the radius of TC‐concentrated PWV has broadened by 5.44% (5.83%) over the WNP (WSP) from 2008 to 2020. In contrast, the PWV gradient has decreased by 23.5% (17.5%) over the WNP (WSP). Our findings highlight that the TC‐concentrated PWV can be used as an important indicator of TC responses to global warming.