bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reciprocal Effects of Sickness Presence, Job Satisfaction, and Health: A Six-Wave Longitudinal Study
Authors: Dietz Carolin , Zacher Hannes 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Numerous cross-sectional studies have examined associations of employees’ sickness presence (i.e., working while being ill) with job satisfaction and health. However, these studies conflate between- and within-person variance and do not allow disentangling the direction of effects among these constructs. Sickness presence may have positive or negative within-person effects on job satisfaction and health, and vice versa. Based on conservation of resources theory, the effort-recovery model, and the job demands-resources model, we test a set of competing hypotheses using a six-wave longitudinal study over 15 months with N = 363 employees. Results of random-intercept cross-lagged panel modeling showed that both sickness presence spells and frequency had negative within-person effects on job satisfaction, but did not predict health. In addition, job satisfaction had a negative within-person effect on sickness presence spells, and health had a negative within-person effect on sickness presence frequency. Overall, these findings contribute to the organizational literature by providing evidence for reciprocal and negative effects among sickness presence and job satisfaction, as well as a negative effect of health on sickness presence at the within-person level. Based on the findings, organizational practitioners could implement programs to enhance job satisfaction and health and to raise awareness about the potential negative consequences of sickness presence.
Old masonary tower analysis visual inspection, NDT, and macro-modeling
Authors: Kumar Ambareesh , Pallav Kumar 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA comprehensive analysis was conducted on a 106-year-old masonry tower to assess its response to gravitational forces and wind effects. Various techniques, including visual inspection, non-destructive testing, and finite element analysis (FEA), were employed in this study. Visual inspection played a vital role in evaluating the Tower’s exterior and interior components, aiming to detect signs of damage or wear at any level and comparing them to the analyzed model. Dimensioned and assembled drawings were utilized to create a detailed 3D finite element model, employing the Ansys Workbench's macro and homogeneous modeling techniques. Non-destructive testing was carried out on multiple structural parts of the tower, using techniques, such as the rebound hammer and ultrasonic pulse velocity tests, to gather the mechanical properties of the stone and brick masonry. These properties were incorporated into the finite element model to evaluate the Tower's structural responses during analysis. The tower's structural response under gravitational forces was determined using standard code regulations and guidelines, and stress and strain responses were compared to the actual structural morphology observed during the inspection. The highest stress was found in the stone elements between the connection of the dome and the drum on the second floor. Furthermore, the tower’s response to wind, including stress and deformation, was thoroughly examined at the same location, revealing the maximum response under gravity loading. This study pinpointed critical and weak areas that require retrofitting and strengthening using modern techniques to safeguard these monumental historical structures for future generations. The combined use of visual inspection, non-destructive testing, and finite element analysis proved to be an effective approach in assessing the response of the 106-year-old masonry tower to gravity loading and wind effects.
Mining Discriminative Itemsets Over Data Streams Using Efficient Sliding Window
Authors: Seyfi Majid , Nayak Richi , Xu Yue 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we present an efficient novel method for mining discriminative itemsets over data streams using the sliding window model. Discriminative itemsets are the itemsets that are frequent in the target data stream, and their frequency in the target stream is much higher in comparison to their frequency in the rest of the streams. The problem of mining discriminative itemsets has more challenges than mining frequent itemsets, especially in the sliding window model, as during the window frame sliding, the algorithms have to deal with the combinatorial explosion of itemsets in more than one data stream, for the transactions coming in and going out of the sliding window. We propose a single scan algorithm using two novel in-memory data structures for mining discriminative itemsets in a combination of offline and online sliding windows. Offline processing is used for controlling the generation of many unpromising itemsets. Online processing is used for getting more up-to-date and accurate online answers between two offline slidings. The discovered discriminative itemsets are accurately updated in the offline sliding window periodically, and the mining process is continued in the online sliding between two periodic offline slidings. The extensive empirical analysis shows that the proposed algorithm provides efficient time and space complexities with full accuracy. The algorithm can handle large, fast-speed, and complex data streams.
Friedelin and 3β-Friedelinol: Pharmacological Activities
Authors: Radi Mai Hussin , El-Shiekh Riham A. , El-Halawany Ali M. , Abdel-Sattar Essam 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe interest in herbal medicine as a source of drug leads is being reinforced, especially for tackling challenging therapeutic areas such as antimicrobial resistance, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and multiple sclerosis. Friedelin and 3β-friedelinol are pentacyclic triterpenoids commonly distributed in plants and are found in edible fruits and vegetables. More than 400 naturally occurring friedelane triterpenoids have been identified. Friedelin and its derivative 3β-friedelinol are reported to have significant pharmacological potential, including antibacterial, anti-viral, and cytotoxic properties. Friedelane triterpenoids could be considered as promising candidates in drug development against human coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2. The natural sources of friedelane triterpenoids have been examined, which include the families Celastraceae, Hippocrateaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Flacourtiaceae, and Guttiferae. The purpose of this review is to summarize the structural elucidation, physicochemical properties, spectroscopic data, natural origin, biosynthesis, quantification techniques, and the reported pharmacological activities of friedelin and its derivative 3β-friedelinol. The review explores the potential beneficial effects of these bioactive triterpenes and discusses ways to enhance their pharmacological significance.
Graphical Abstract
Exploring causality from observational data: An example assessing whether religiosity promotes cooperation
Authors: Major-Smith Daniel 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Causal inference from observational data is notoriously difficult, and relies upon many unverifiable assumptions, including no confounding or selection bias. Here, we demonstrate how to apply a range of sensitivity analyses to examine whether a causal interpretation from observational data may be justified. These methods include: testing different confounding structures (as the assumed confounding model may be incorrect), exploring potential residual confounding and assessing the impact of selection bias due to missing data. We aim to answer the causal question ‘Does religiosity promote cooperative behaviour?’ as a motivating example of how these methods can be applied. We use data from the parental generation of a large-scale (n = approximately 14,000) prospective UK birth cohort (the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children), which has detailed information on religiosity and potential confounding variables, while cooperation was measured via self-reported history of blood donation. In this study, there was no association between religious belief or affiliation and blood donation. Religious attendance was positively associated with blood donation, but could plausibly be explained by unmeasured confounding. In this population, evidence that religiosity causes blood donation is suggestive, but rather weak. These analyses illustrate how sensitivity analyses can aid causal inference from observational research.
Modulation of forced isotropic turbulence by an anchored droplet with near-Kolmogorov diameter and varying volatility
Authors: Verwey C. , Birouk M. 
Published: June 2023

Utilizing a fan-stirred chamber and two-dimensional particle image velocimetry, we analyse the modification of homogeneous and isotropic turbulence (

$50 \leq Re_\lambda \leq 140$

, with supplementary data out to

$Re_\lambda = 310$

, where

$Re_\lambda$

is the longitudinal Taylor Reynolds number) induced by both a non-volatile (water) and a volatile (ethanol) isolated and anchored droplet in the range

$(0.3 \leq d/\eta \leq 5.1)$

, where

$d/\eta$

is the ratio of droplet diameter to the Kolmogorov length scale. The dissipation rate,

$\varepsilon$

, is calculated via the corrected spatial gradient method, and the resultant fields of both turbulent kinetic energy,

$k$

, and

$\varepsilon$

are presented as spatial heat maps and as shell averages,

${\overline {k_{\Delta r}}}$

and

${\overline {\varepsilon _{\Delta r}}}$

, vs the radial coordinate normalized by the droplet radius,

$r/R$

. The dissipation rate near the water droplet surface may exceed the corresponding unladen flow value by a factor of twenty or more. The normalized radius of recovery,

$r^*$

, which designates the radial location where

${\overline {k_{\Delta r}}}$

or

${\overline {\varepsilon _{\Delta r}}}$

has returned to within 10 % of the unladen value, is reasonably expressed as

$r^* \propto (d/\lambda )^{-C_2}$

in either case, where

$\lambda$

is the longitudinal Taylor microscale and

$C_2$

is a positive empirical fitting parameter. Recovery of

${\overline {k_{\Delta r}}}$

and

${\overline {\varepsilon _{\Delta r}}}$

may take up to 14 normalized radii when

$d/\lambda$

is small. Trend line extrapolation suggests that the attenuation region becomes negligible as

$d/\lambda \to 1$

. Ethanol, which evaporates up to five times faster than water, induces a much smaller dissipation spike near the surface. The mass ejection phenomenon appears to reduce the strong near-surface damping of the radial root-mean-square component. However, the radius of recovery trend for fields surrounding a volatile ethanol droplet falls directly in line with the non-volatile water droplet data for both

$k$

and

$\varepsilon$

, indicating that droplet vaporization has little effect on the far-field return to isotropy.
Evaluation of the Uniform Data Set version 3 teleneuropsychological measures
Authors: Gierzynski Theresa F. , Gregoire Allyson , Reader Jonathan M. , Pantis Rebecca , Campbell Stephen , Bhaumik Arijit , Rahman-Filipiak Annalise , Heidebrink Judith , Giordani Bruno , Paulson Henry , Hampstead Benjamin M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjective:Few studies have evaluated in-home teleneuropsychological (teleNP) assessment and none, to our knowledge, has evaluated the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center’s (NACC) Uniform Data Set version 3 tele-adapted test battery (UDS v3.0 t-cog). The current study evaluates the reliability of the in-home UDS v3.0 t-cog with a prior in-person UDS v3.0 evaluation.Method:One hundred and eighty-one cognitively unimpaired or cognitively impaired participants from a longitudinal study of memory and aging completed an in-person UDS v3.0 and a subsequent UDS v3.0 t-cog evaluation (∼16 months apart) administered either via video conference (n = 122) or telephone (n = 59).Results:We calculated intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) between each time point for the entire sample. ICCs ranged widely (0.01–0.79) but were generally indicative of “moderate” (i.e., ICCs ranging from 0.5–0.75) to “good” (i.e., ICCs ranging from 0.75–0.90) agreement. Comparable ICCs were evident when looking only at those with stable diagnoses. However, relatively stronger ICCs (Range: 0.35–0.87) were found between similarly timed in-person UDS v3.0 evaluations.Conclusions:Our findings suggest that most tests on the UDS v3.0 t-cog battery may serve as a viable alternative to its in-person counterpart, though reliability may be attenuated relative to the traditional in-person format. More tightly controlled studies are needed to better establish the reliability of these measures.
Obese mothers supplemented with melatonin during gestation and lactation ameliorate the male offspring’s pancreatic islet cellular composition and beta-cell function
Authors: Nagagata Brenda A. , Ajackson Matheus , Ornellas Fernanda , Mandarim-de-Lacerda Carlos A. , Aguila Marcia Barbosa 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMelatonin supplementation to obese mothers during gestation and lactation might benefit the pancreatic islet cellular composition and beta-cell function in male offspring adulthood. C57BL/6 females (mothers) were assigned to two groups (n= 20/each) based on their consumption in control (C 17% kJ as fat) or high-fat diet (HF 49% kJ as fat). Mothers were supplemented with melatonin (Mel) (10 mg/kg daily) during gestation and lactation, or vehicle, forming the groups (n= 10/each): C, CMel, HF, and HFMel. The male offspring were studied, considering they only received the C diet after weaning until three months old. The HF mothers and their offspring showed higher body weight, glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, and low insulin sensitivity than the C ones. However, HFMel mothers and their offspring showed improved glucose metabolism and weight loss than the HF ones. Also, the offspring’s higher expressions of pro-inflammatory markers and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress were observed in HF but reduced in HFMel. Contrarily, antioxidant enzymes were less expressed in HF but improved in HFMel. In addition, HF showed increased beta-cell mass and hyperinsulinemia but diminished in HFMel. Besides, the beta-cell maturity and identity gene expressions diminished in HF but enhanced in HFMel. In conclusion, obese mothers supplemented with melatonin benefit their offspring’s islet cell remodeling and function. In addition, improving pro-inflammatory markers, oxidative stress, and ER stress resulted in better glucose and insulin levels control. Consequently, pancreatic islets and functioning beta cells were preserved in the offspring of obese mothers supplemented with melatonin.
Predicting Real Refractive Index of Organic Aerosols From Elemental Composition
Authors: Li Yaowei , Bai Bin , Dykema John , Shin Nara , Lambe Andrew T. , Chen Qi , Kuwata Mikinori , Ng Nga Lee , Keutsch Frank N. , Liu Pengfei 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAccurate estimates of aerosol refractive index (RI) are critical for modeling aerosol‐radiation interaction, yet this information is limited for ambient organic aerosols, leading to large uncertainties in estimating aerosol radiative effects. We present a semi‐empirical model that predicts the real RI n of organic aerosol material from its widely measured oxygen‐to‐carbon (O:C) and hydrogen‐to‐carbon (H:C) elemental ratios. The model was based on the theoretical framework of Lorenz‐Lorentz equation and trained with n‐values at 589 nm () of 160 pure compounds. The predictions can be expanded to predict n‐values in a wide spectrum between 300 and 1,200 nm. The model was validated with newly measured and literature datasets of n‐values for laboratory secondary organic aerosol (SOA) materials. Uncertainties of predictions for all SOA samples are within 5%. The model suggests that ‐values of organic aerosols may vary within a relatively small range for typical O:C and H:C values observed in the atmosphere.
Inferring Ocean Transport Statistics With Probabilistic Neural Networks
Authors: Brolly Martin T. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractUsing a probabilistic neural network and Lagrangian observations from the Global Drifter Program, we model the single particle transition probability density function (pdf) of ocean surface drifters. The transition pdf is represented by a Gaussian mixture whose parameters (weights, means, and covariances) are continuous functions of latitude and longitude determined to maximize the likelihood of observed drifter trajectories. This provides a comprehensive description of drifter dynamics allowing for the simulation of drifter trajectories and the estimation of a wealth of dynamical statistics without the need to revisit the raw data. As examples, we compute global estimates of mean displacements over 4 days and lateral diffusivity. We use a probabilistic scoring rule to compare our model to commonly used transition matrix models. Our model outperforms others globally and in three specific regions. A drifter release experiment simulated using our model shows the emergence of concentrated clusters in the subtropical gyres, in agreement with previous studies on the formation of garbage patches. An advantage of the neural network model is that it provides a continuous‐in‐space representation and avoids the need to discretize space, overcoming the challenges of dealing with nonuniform data. Our approach, which embraces data‐driven probabilistic modeling, is applicable to many other problems in fluid dynamics and oceanography.
SOX1 acts as a tumor hypnotist rendering nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells refractory to chemotherapy
Authors: Lei Xin-Xing , Wang Shu-Lan , Xia Ying , Yan Min , He Bin , Wang Bo , Long Zi-Jie , Liu Quentin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSOX1, a well-known tumor suppressor, delays malignant progression in most cancer types. However, high expression of SOX1 in late-stage head and neck squamous cell carcinoma leads to poor prognosis. In this study, we show that SOX1 induces nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cells to enter a quiescent state. Using a model that mimics therapeutic resistance and tumor recurrence, a subpopulation of SOX1-induced NPC cells is refractory to paclitaxel, a cell cycle-specific chemotherapy drug. These cells maintain a quiescent state with decreased translational activity and down-regulated cell growth potential. However, once SOX1 expression is decreased, the NPC cells recover and enter a proliferative state. The chemotherapy resistance induced by SOX1 can not pass to next generation, as the cells that undergo re-proliferation become sensitive to paclitaxel again. Moreover, SOX1 directly binds to the promoter region of the MYC gene, leading to transcriptional suppression. When switching to a paclitaxel-free culture environment, the cells with decreased levels of SOX1 re-express MYC, resulting in increased abundance of proliferative cancer cells. Our study presents an evolutionary trade-off between tumor growth and chemoresistance orchestrated by SOX1-MYC in NPC. Basing on the dynamic role of SOX1 in different stages of cancer development, SOX1 would be regarded as a “tumor hypnotist”.
Elucidating causative gene variants in hereditary Parkinson’s disease in the Global Parkinson’s Genetics Program (GP2)
Authors: Lange Lara M. , Avenali Micol , Ellis Melina , Illarionova Anastasia , Keller Sarmiento Ignacio J. , Tan Ai-Huey , Madoev Harutyun , Galandra Caterina , Junker Johanna , Roopnarain Karisha , Solle Justin , Wegel Claire , Fang Zih-Hua , Heutink Peter , Kumar Kishore R. , Lim Shen-Yang , Valente Enza Maria , Nalls Mike , Blauwendraat Cornelis , Singleton Andrew , Mencacci Niccolo , Lohmann Katja , Klein Christine ,   the Global Parkinson’s Genetic Program (GP2)
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe Monogenic Network of the Global Parkinson’s Genetics Program (GP2) aims to create an efficient infrastructure to accelerate the identification of novel genetic causes of Parkinson’s disease (PD) and to improve our understanding of already identified genetic causes, such as reduced penetrance and variable clinical expressivity of known disease-causing variants. We aim to perform short- and long-read whole-genome sequencing for up to 10,000 patients with parkinsonism. Important features of this project are global involvement and focusing on historically underrepresented populations.
Tween emulsifiers improved alginate-based dispersions and ionic crosslinked milli-sized capsules
Authors: Zheng Yulu , Zi Ye , Shi Cuiping , Gong Huan , Zhang Hongbin , Wang Xichang , Zhong Jian 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe blending of surfactants might change the properties of alginate-based oil encapsulation preparations. Herein, the effects of Tween series (Tween 20, 40, 60, and 80) blending on the fish oil-encapsulated sodium alginate dispersions and calcium alginate capsules were studied. The results suggested Tween 80 showed better emulsifying properties than Span 80 for the alginate/surfactant emulsions. All the Tween series induced higher creaming stability than the sodium alginate-stabilized dispersion. Tween series blending did not change the sizes, decreased the water contents, and induced similar particle-like protrusions of calcium alginate capsules. Loading capacity and encapsulation efficiency of fish oil were dependent on the hydrophilic heads and fatty acid moieties of the Tween series. Tween series blending could increase the fish oil oxidative stability of the capsules. In the in vitro digestion process, Tween with saturated fatty acid moieties increased the free fatty acid release percentages. This work provided potential innovative processing technologies for improving the biological potency of fish oil.
Knee flexion of saxophone players anticipates tonal context of music
Authors: Moura Nádia , Vidal Marc , Aguilera Ana M. , Vilas-Boas João Paulo , Serra Sofia , Leman Marc 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMusic performance requires high levels of motor control. Professional musicians use body movements not only to accomplish and help technical efficiency, but to shape expressive interpretation. Here, we recorded motion and audio data of twenty participants performing four musical fragments varying in the degree of technical difficulty to analyze how knee flexion is employed by expert saxophone players. Using a computational model of the auditory periphery, we extracted emergent acoustical properties of sound to inference critical cognitive patterns of music processing and relate them to motion data. Results showed that knee flexion is causally linked to tone expectations and correlated to rhythmical density, suggesting that this gesture is associated with expressive and facilitative purposes. Furthermore, when instructed to play immobile, participants tended to microflex (>1 Hz) more frequently compared to when playing expressively, possibly indicating a natural urge to move to the music. These results underline the robustness of body movement in musical performance, providing valuable insights for the understanding of communicative processes, and development of motor learning cues.