bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Why did Latin America Lose Faith in the Law?
Authors: Schaefer Timo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractColonial Latin America had the fame of being a land where lower-class people were forever suing their betters. To Latin America's popular classes, the law was an indispensable instrument for claiming rights, solving conflicts, and advancing interests. Fast-forward to the middle of the twentieth century, however, and Latin American law held a very different fame. The law was now something to be shunned. It was seen as an instrument of power, manipulated by the rich and influential. Public trust in the law was low, and support for alternative forms of justice, high. In comparison with the colonial era, we are faced with a baffling reversal. This article seeks to explain that reversal by elaborating three propositions: (P1) popular trust in the law declined because of the law's increasing formalism, particularly evident in the codification of civil and criminal law over the course of the nineteenth century; (P2) popular trust in the law declined because of the rise of patrimonial capitalism over the period of study; and (P3) popular trust in the law declined because a new generation of social rights became politicized, first under populist, corporatist regimes that arose in the region in the early and mid-twentieth century and then under the region's Cold-War military dictatorships.
Parental warmth and young adult depression: A comparison of enduring effects and revisionist models
Authors: Fang Shichen , Fosco Gregory M. , Feinberg Mark E. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractGuided by a novel analytic framework, this study investigates the developmental mechanism through which parental warmth is related to young adult depression. Data were from a large sample of participants followed from early adolescence to young adulthood (N = 1,988; 54% female). Using structural equation modeling, we estimated and compared competing developmental models – enduring effects vs. revisionist models – to assess whether parental warmth during adolescence had enduring or transient effects on depression in young adulthood. We also examined whether contemporaneous experiences of parental warmth in young adulthood were more salient than parental warmth in adolescence. Results supported the revisionist model: early intergenerational experiences in adolescence predicted psychopathology early in young adulthood, but their unique effects gradually diminished; whereas parental warmth in young adulthood continued to be protective of young adult depression. Effects of mother and father warmth on young adult depression were similar in pattern and magnitude. Results were held when accounting for covariates such as adolescent sex, family income status, and family structure. Young adult mental health interventions may consider targeting maintenance or improvement in parental warmth to help offset the long-term impact of adversity early in life.
Enabling primary healthcare service development with patient participation: a qualitative study of the internal facilitator role in Norway
Authors: Sandvin Olsson Ann Britt , Stenberg Una , Haaland-Øverby Mette , Slettebø Tor , Strøm Anita 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Aim:
To explore how primary healthcare professionals (HCPs) tasked with facilitating primary healthcare service development with patient participation perceived their role.

Introduction:
Patient participation in health service development is a recognized means of ensuring that health services fit the public’s needs. However, HCPs are often uncertain about how to involve patient representatives (PRs), and patient participation is poorly implemented. Inspired by the Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services framework, we address the innovation (patient participation), its recipients (PRs, HCPs, supervisors, and senior managers), and its context (primary healthcare at a local and organizational level).

Methods:
We conducted semi-structured individual interviews with six HCPs working as internal facilitators in primary healthcare in four Norwegian municipalities. The data were analyzed by applying Braun and Clarke’s reflexive thematic analysis.

Findings:
The themes show that to develop primary healthcare services with patient participation, facilitators must establish a network of PRs with relevant skills, promote involvement within their organization, engage HCPs favorable toward patient participation, and demonstrate to supervisors and senior managers its usefulness to win their support. Implementing patient participation must be a shared, collective responsibility of facilitators, supervisors, and senior management. However, supervisors and senior management appear not to fully understand the potential of involvement or how to support the facilitators. The facilitator role requires continuous and systematic work on multiple organizational levels to enable the development of health services with patient participation. It entails maintaining a network of persons with experiential knowledge, engaging HCPs, and having senior management’s understanding and support.
Fine mapping of the Cepaea nemoralis shell colour and mid-banded loci using a high-density linkage map
Authors: Johansen Margrethe , Saenko Suzanne , Schilthuizen Menno ,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Programme,   Tree of Life Faculty, Berriman Matthew , Durbin Richard , Lawniczak Mara ,   Associate Director: Delivery and Operations, Reeks Sarah ,   Head of Production Genomics, Howe Kerstin ,   Samples and Project Management, Holroyd Nancy , McKenna Victoria , Niu Haoyu , Platte Radka ,   Tree of Life Laboratory, Howard Caroline , Amaral Raquel , Griffiths Andy , Mbye Haddijatou , Oatley Graeme , Prestwood Liam , Sampaio Filipa , Sheerin Edel , Strickland Michelle , Todorovic Maja ,   Tree of Life Assembly, McCarthy Shane A. , Krasheninnikova Ksenia , Uliano-Silva Marcela ,   Genome Reference Informatics Team, Wood Jonathan , Chow Will , Collins Joanna , Eldridge Camilla , Paulini Michael , Pelan Sarah , Pointon Damon-Lee , Sims Ying , Torrance James , Tracey Alan ,   Core Operations, Chapman Nikki , Calnan Sinead , Haug Ken , Heathcote Robina , Leech Chloe , Monaghan Jack , Muffato Matthieu , Potter Sophie , Ramona Lauma , Threlfall Jonathan , Varley Andrew , Vishwakumar Amit ,   Blaxter Faculty group, Brown Max , Challis Rich , Gonzalez Pablo , Kieninger Manuela , King Erna , Kumar Sujai , Laumer Chris , Stevens Lewis , Vancaester Emmelien , Weber Claudia ,   Berriman Faculty group, Aunin Eerik , Reid Adam , Blaxter Mark , Davison Angus 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMolluscs are a highly speciose phylum that exhibits an astonishing array of colours and patterns, yet relatively little progress has been made in identifying the underlying genes that determine phenotypic variation. One prominent example is the land snail Cepaea nemoralis for which classical genetic studies have shown that around nine loci, several physically linked and inherited together as a ‘supergene’, control the shell colour and banding polymorphism. As a first step towards identifying the genes involved, we used whole-genome resequencing of individuals from a laboratory cross to construct a high-density linkage map, and then trait mapping to identify 95% confidence intervals for the chromosomal region that contains the supergene, specifically the colour locus (C), and the unlinked mid-banded locus (U). The linkage map is made up of 215,593 markers, ordered into 22 linkage groups, with one large group making up ~27% of the genome. The C locus was mapped to a ~1.3 cM region on linkage group 11, and the U locus was mapped to a ~0.7 cM region on linkage group 15. The linkage map will serve as an important resource for further evolutionary and population genomic studies of C. nemoralis and related species, as well as the identification of candidate genes within the supergene and for the mid-banding phenotype.
Predictive modelling of response to neoadjuvant therapy in HER2+ breast cancer
Authors: Cosgrove Nicola , Eustace Alex J. , O’Donovan Peter , Madden Stephen F. , Moran Bruce , Crown John , Moulton Brian , Morris Patrick G. , Grogan Liam , Breathnach Oscar , Power Colm , Allen Michael , Walshe Janice M. , Hill Arnold D. , Blümel Anna , O’Connor Darren , Das Sudipto , Milewska Małgorzata , Fay Joanna , Kay Elaine , Toomey Sinead , Hennessy Bryan T. , Furney Simon J. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHER2-positive (HER2+) breast cancer accounts for 20–25% of all breast cancers. Predictive biomarkers of neoadjuvant therapy response are needed to better identify patients with early stage disease who may benefit from tailored treatments in the adjuvant setting. As part of the TCHL phase-II clinical trial (ICORG10–05/NCT01485926) whole exome DNA sequencing was carried out on normal-tumour pairs collected from 22 patients. Here we report predictive modelling of neoadjuvant therapy response using clinicopathological and genomic features of pre-treatment tumour biopsies identified age, estrogen receptor (ER) status and level of immune cell infiltration may together be important for predicting response. Clonal evolution analysis of longitudinally collected tumour samples show subclonal diversity and dynamics are evident with potential therapy resistant subclones detected. The sources of greater pre-treatment immunogenicity associated with a pathological complete response is largely unexplored in HER2+ tumours. However, here we point to the possibility of APOBEC associated mutagenesis, specifically in the ER-neg/HER2+ subtype as a potential mediator of this immunogenic phenotype.
A quantum engine in the BEC–BCS crossover
Authors: Koch Jennifer , Menon Keerthy , Cuestas Eloisa , Barbosa Sian , Lutz Eric , Fogarty Thomás , Busch Thomas , Widera Artur 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHeat engines convert thermal energy into mechanical work both in the classical and quantum regimes1. However, quantum theory offers genuine non-classical forms of energy, different from heat, which so far have not been exploited in cyclic engines. Here we experimentally realize a quantum many-body engine fuelled by the energy difference between fermionic and bosonic ensembles of ultracold particles that follows from the Pauli exclusion principle2. We employ a harmonically trapped superfluid gas of6Li atoms close to a magnetic Feshbach resonance3that allows us to effectively change the quantum statistics from Bose–Einstein to Fermi–Dirac, by tuning the gas between a Bose–Einstein condensate of bosonic molecules and a unitary Fermi gas (and back) through a magnetic field4–10. The quantum nature of such a Pauli engine is revealed by contrasting it with an engine in the classical thermal regime and with a purely interaction-driven device. We obtain a work output of several 106vibrational quanta per cycle with an efficiency of up to 25%. Our findings establish quantum statistics as a useful thermodynamic resource for work production.
Observation of the effect of gravity on the motion of antimatter
Authors: Anderson E. K. , Baker C. J. , Bertsche W. , Bhatt N. M. , Bonomi G. , Capra A. , Carli I. , Cesar C. L. , Charlton M. , Christensen A. , Collister R. , Cridland Mathad A. , Duque Quiceno D. , Eriksson S. , Evans A. , Evetts N. , Fabbri S. , Fajans J. , Ferwerda A. , Friesen T. , Fujiwara M. C. , Gill D. R. , Golino L. M. , Gomes Gonçalves M. B. , Grandemange P. , Granum P. , Hangst J. S. , Hayden M. E. , Hodgkinson D. , Hunter E. D. , Isaac C. A. , Jimenez A. J. U. , Johnson M. A. , Jones J. M. , Jones S. A. , Jonsell S. , Khramov A. , Madsen N. , Martin L. , Massacret N. , Maxwell D. , McKenna J. T. K. , Menary S. , Momose T. , Mostamand M. , Mullan P. S. , Nauta J. , Olchanski K. , Oliveira A. N. , Peszka J. , Powell A. , Rasmussen C. Ø. , Robicheaux F. , Sacramento R. L. , Sameed M. , Sarid E. , Schoonwater J. , Silveira D. M. , Singh J. , Smith G. , So C. , Stracka S. , Stutter G. , Tharp T. D. , Thompson K. A. , Thompson R. I. , Thorpe-Woods E. , Torkzaban C. , Urioni M. , Woosaree P. , Wurtele J. S. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractEinstein’s general theory of relativity from 19151 remains the most successful description of gravitation. From the 1919 solar eclipse2 to the observation of gravitational waves3, the theory has passed many crucial experimental tests. However, the evolving concepts of dark matter and dark energy illustrate that there is much to be learned about the gravitating content of the universe. Singularities in the general theory of relativity and the lack of a quantum theory of gravity suggest that our picture is incomplete. It is thus prudent to explore gravity in exotic physical systems. Antimatter was unknown to Einstein in 1915. Dirac’s theory4 appeared in 1928; the positron was observed5 in 1932. There has since been much speculation about gravity and antimatter. The theoretical consensus is that any laboratory mass must be attracted6 by the Earth, although some authors have considered the cosmological consequences if antimatter should be repelled by matter7–10. In the general theory of relativity, the weak equivalence principle (WEP) requires that all masses react identically to gravity, independent of their internal structure. Here we show that antihydrogen atoms, released from magnetic confinement in the ALPHA-g apparatus, behave in a way consistent with gravitational attraction to the Earth. Repulsive ‘antigravity’ is ruled out in this case. This experiment paves the way for precision studies of the magnitude of the gravitational acceleration between anti-atoms and the Earth to test the WEP.
Inhibition of fatty acid oxidation enables heart regeneration in adult mice
Authors: Li Xiang , Wu Fan , Günther Stefan , Looso Mario , Kuenne Carsten , Zhang Ting , Wiesnet Marion , Klatt Stephan , Zukunft Sven , Fleming Ingrid , Poschet Gernot , Wietelmann Astrid , Atzberger Ann , Potente Michael , Yuan Xuejun , Braun Thomas 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPostnatal maturation of cardiomyocytes is characterized by a metabolic switch from glycolysis to fatty acid oxidation, chromatin reconfiguration and exit from the cell cycle, instating a barrier for adult heart regeneration1,2. Here, to explore whether metabolic reprogramming can overcome this barrier and enable heart regeneration, we abrogate fatty acid oxidation in cardiomyocytes by inactivation of Cpt1b. We find that disablement of fatty acid oxidation in cardiomyocytes improves resistance to hypoxia and stimulates cardiomyocyte proliferation, allowing heart regeneration after ischaemia–reperfusion injury. Metabolic studies reveal profound changes in energy metabolism and accumulation of α-ketoglutarate in Cpt1b-mutant cardiomyocytes, leading to activation of the α-ketoglutarate-dependent lysine demethylase KDM5 (ref. 3). Activated KDM5 demethylates broad H3K4me3 domains in genes that drive cardiomyocyte maturation, lowering their transcription levels and shifting cardiomyocytes into a less mature state, thereby promoting proliferation. We conclude that metabolic maturation shapes the epigenetic landscape of cardiomyocytes, creating a roadblock for further cell divisions. Reversal of this process allows repair of damaged hearts.
Comprehensive analysis of TLX2 in pan cancer as a prognostic and immunologic biomarker and validation in ovarian cancer
Authors: Chen Buze , Ding Xiaojuan , Wan Ailing , Qi Xin , Lin Xiaoman , Wang Haihong , Mu Wenyu , Wang Gang , Zheng Junnian 
Published: September 2023

AbstractT cell leukemia homeobox 2 (TLX2) plays an important role in some tumors. Bioinformatics and experimental validation represent a useful way to explore the mechanisms and functions of TLX2 gene in the cancer disease process from a pan cancer perspective. TLX2 was aberrantly expressed in pan cancer and cell lines and correlated with clinical stage. High TLX2 expression was significantly associated with poor overall survival in COAD, KIRC, OC, and UCS. The greatest frequency of TLX2 alterations in pan cancer was amplification. Alterations of NXF2B, MSLNL, PCGF1, INO80B-WBP1, LBX2-AS1, MRPL53, LBX2, TTC31, WDR54, and WBP1 co-occurred in the TLX2 alteration group. PFS was significantly shorter in the TLX2-altered group (n = 6) compared to the TLX2-unaltered group (n = 400). Methylation levels of TLX2 were high in 17 tumors. TLX2 expression was associated with MSI in seven tumors and TMB in five tumors. TLX2 expression was associated with immune infiltration and immune checkpoint genes. TLX2 may be associated with some pathways and chemoresistance. We constructed a possible competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network of LINC01010/miR-146a-5p/TLX2 in OC. TLX2 expression was significantly upregulated in ovarian cancer cell lines compared to ovarian epithelial cell lines. Aberrant expression of TLX2 in pan cancer may promote tumorigenesis and progression through different mechanisms. TLX2 may represent an important therapeutic target for human cancers.
Multi-breed host rumen epithelium transcriptome and microbiome associations and their relationship with beef cattle feed efficiency
Authors: Fonseca P. A. S. , Lam S. , Chen Y. , Waters S. M. , Guan L. L. , Cánovas A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractUnderstanding host-microbial interactions in the rumen and its influence on desirable production traits may lead to potential microbiota manipulation or genetic selection for improved cattle feed efficiency. This study investigated the host transcriptome and its correlation with the rumen archaea and bacteria differential abundance of two pure beef cattle breeds (Angus and Charolais) and one composite beef hybrid (Kinsella) divergent for residual feed intake (RFI; low-RFI vs. high-RFI). Using RNA-Sequencing of rumen tissue and 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing, differentially expressed genes (FDR ≤ 0.05, |log2(Fold-change) >|2) and differentially abundant (p-value < 0.05) archaea and bacteria amplicon sequence variants (ASV) were determined. Significant correlations between gene expression and ASVs (p-value < 0.05) were determine using Spearman correlation. Interesting associations with muscle contraction and the modulation of the immune system were observed for the genes correlated with bacterial ASVs. Potential functional candidate genes for feed efficiency status were identified for Angus (CCL17, CCR3, and CXCL10), Charolais (KCNK9, GGT1 and IL6), and Kinsella breed (ESR2). The results obtained here provide more insights regarding the applicability of target host and rumen microbial traits for the selection and breeding of more feed efficient beef cattle.
Psychopathological profile before and after bariatric surgery
Authors: Benítez Tura , Caixàs Assumpta , Rebasa Pere , Luna Alexis , Crivillés Sara , Gutiérrez Teresa , Deus Joan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPresurgical psychopathological assessment usually focuses on detecting severe mental disorders. However, mild intensity psychopathology and eating behaviour pattern may also influence postsurgical outcomes. The aim was to identify psychopathology and eating behaviour pattern in candidates prepared for bariatric surgery compared to a normative population before and after surgery. A cohort of 32 patients seeking bariatric surgery in a university hospital between March 2016 and March 2017 were evaluated with Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI), 36‐item EDE‐Q and BES before and after surgery. Thirty-two patients before and 26 one year after surgery were included. The PAI presurgical psychometric profile suggested a mild mixed adjustment disorder focused on somatic complaints. After surgery, patients improved in somatic complaints (p < 0.001), and depression (p = 0.04). Related eating disorders were more common than those of the normative group and improved significantly after surgery in scores for compulsive intake (BES p < 0.001) and overall key behaviours of eating disorders and related cognitive symptoms (EDE-Q/G p < 0.001). In our cohort ready for bariatric surgery a mild psychopathological profile is still present and becomes closer to that of the normative group after surgery. Further studies are needed to evaluate the effects of mild psychopathology on outcomes after bariatric surgery.
Monitoring saliva compositions for non-invasive detection of diabetes using a colorimetric-based multiple sensor
Authors: Bordbar Mohammad Mahdi , Hosseini Mahboobeh Sadat , Sheini Azarmidokht , Safaei Elham , Halabian Raheleh , Daryanavard Seyed Mosayeb , Samadinia Hosein , Bagheri Hasan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe increasing population of diabetic patients, especially in developing countries, has posed a serious risk to the health sector, so that the lack of timely diagnosis and treatment process of diabetes can lead to threatening complications for the human lifestyle. Here, a multiple sensor was fabricated on a paper substrate for rapid detection and controlling the progress of the diabetes disease. The proposed sensor utilized the sensing ability of porphyrazines, pH-sensitive dyes and silver nanoparticles in order to detect the differences in saliva composition of diabetic and non-diabetic patients. A unique color map (sensor response) was obtained for each studied group, which can be monitored by a scanner. Moreover, a good correlation was observed between the colorimetric response resulting from the analysis of salivary composition and the fasting blood glucose (FBG) value measured by standard laboratory instruments. It was also possible to classify participants into two groups, including patients caused by diabetes and those were non-diabetic persons with a total accuracy of 88.9%. Statistical evaluations show that the multiple sensor can be employed as an effective and non-invasive device for continuous monitoring of diabetes, substantially in the elderly.
A computational stochastic procedure for solving the epidemic breathing transmission system
Authors: AbuAli Najah , Khan Muhammad Bilal , Sabir Zulqurnain 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis work provides numerical simulations of the nonlinear breathing transmission epidemic system using the proposed stochastic scale conjugate gradient neural networks (SCGGNNs) procedure. The mathematical model categorizes the breathing transmission epidemic model into four dynamics based on a nonlinear stiff ordinary differential system: susceptible, exposed, infected, and recovered. Three different cases of the model are taken and numerically presented by applying the stochastic SCGGNNs. An activation function ‘log-sigmoid’ uses twenty neurons in the hidden layers. The precision of SCGGNNs is obtained by comparing the proposed and database solutions. While the negligible absolute error is performed around 10–06 to 10–07, it enhances the accuracy of the scheme. The obtained results of the breathing transmission epidemic system have been provided using the training, verification, and testing procedures to reduce the mean square error. Moreover, the exactness and capability of the stochastic SCGGNNs are approved through error histograms, regression values, correlation tests, and state transitions.