bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Case Report: Kingella kingae causing prosthetic joint infection in an adult
Authors: Wensley Katherine , McClelland Damian , Grocott Natalie , Manoharan Gopikanthan , Desai Seema 
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Kingella kingae is a gram-negative microorganism that is rarely isolated as a pathogen in the adult population. Although widely reported to affect prosthetic heart valves, there have been no previously reported cases of K. kingae infecting prosthetic joints in adults.
Case Presentation: A 61 year-old patient with a history of rheumatoid arthritis, presented with insidious onset of pain and swelling in her right shoulder, which had progressed to a discharging sinus. The patient had undergone a total shoulder replacement 11 years previously and had not developed any prior post-operative infections. She had been taking Anti-TNF medication for 5 years prior to review for her rheumatoid disease. The patient underwent a two-stage revision replacement procedure including implant removal, sinus excision and debridement. Deep tissue samples grew K. kingae post-operatively. The patient was commenced on intravenous ceftriaxone for 14 days, followed by a further 28 days of oral ciprofloxacin. A second stage custom shoulder replacement was undertaken 10 months following the first stage and the patient made a good functional recovery.
Conclusion: The authors suggest that clinicians should be attuned to K. kingae as a potential pathogen for prosthetic joint infection, particularly in patients who are immunosuppressed. Two stage revision procedures can ensure favourable outcome and eradication of this pathogen from the joint. Beta lactams remains the main stay for antibiotic choices.
Socioeconomic inequity in access to care among older people in Japan
Authors: Okamoto Shohei , Yamada Atsuhiro , Kobayashi Erika , Liang Jersey 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundEquity in access to long-term care (LTC) enables older people to maintain their well-being after they undergo a decline in their intrinsic capacity.MethodsWe used data from Wave 6 (2002) through Wave 10 (2021) of the National Survey of the Japanese Elderly to assess gradients by income and education in access to medical care and LTC among Japanese individuals aged 60 years and above. Specifically, we assessed self-reported unmet needs for medical care and LTC, and public LTC use, and estimated the concentration indices (CI) to measure the degree of inequality and inequity. We standardised public LTC use by need and non-need variables. We analysed data derived from up to 1,775 person-wave observations from 1,370 individuals.FindingsThe pooled incidence across waves of forgone medical care, self-reported unmet support for activities of daily living (ADL) or instrumental ADL (IADL), and those not certified for LTC services even with ADL or IADL limitations were 4.6%, 15.5%, and 62.5%, respectively. Public LTC use demonstrated pro-higher education and pro-rich distribution, whereas the gaps decreased for need-predicted use. Based on the CI estimates, no explicit inequality was found for forgone medical care. However, we observed inequity in standardised LTC use across education, indicating pro-higher education inequality, particularly among women and those aged ≥80 years.ConclusionImproving the understanding of available resources and strengthening the functions of health centres and communities are required to detect the needs of citizens and facilitate their access to necessary care.
Mitigating the psychological impacts of COVID-19 restrictions on older people: The UK Behavioural Activation in Social Isolation (BASIL+) COVID-19 Urgent Public Health (UPH) trial and living systematic review
Authors: Gilbody Simon , Littlewood Elizabeth , McMillan Dean , Atha Lucy , Bailey Della , Baird Kalpita , Brady Samantha , Burke Lauren , Chew-Graham Carolyn A. , Coventry Peter , Crosland Suzanne , Fairhurst Caroline , Henry Andrew , Hollingsworth Kelly , Newbronner Elizabeth , Ryde Eloise , Shearsmith Leanne , Wang Han-I , Webster Judith , Woodhouse Rebecca , Clegg Andrew , Dexter-Smith Sarah , Gentry Tom , Hewitt Catherine , Hill Andrew , Lovell Karina , Sloan Claire , Traviss-Turner Gemma , Pratt Steven , Ekers David 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundOlder adults were more likely to be socially isolated during the COVID-19 pandemic, with risk of depression and loneliness. Behavioural Activation (BA) could feasibly maintain mental health in the face of COVID isolation.MethodsWe undertook a multicentre randomised controlled trial [BASIL+ISRCTN63034289] of BA to mitigate depression and loneliness among older people. BA was offered by telephone to intervention participants (n=218). Control participants received usual care, with existing COVID wellbeing resources (n=217).FindingsParticipants engaged with 5.2 (SD 2.9) of 8 remote BA sessions. Adjusted mean difference (AMD) for depression (PHQ-9) at 3 months [primary outcome] was -1.65 (95% CI -2.54 to -0.75, p<0.001). There was an effect for BA on emotional loneliness at 3 months (AMD -0.37, 95% CI -0.68 to -0.06, p=0.02), but not social loneliness (AMD -0.05, 95% CI -0.33 to 0.23, p=0.72). Other secondary outcomes at 3 months were anxiety (GAD-7: AMD -0.67, 95% CI -1.43 to 0.09, p=0.08) and quality of life (SF12 mental component: AMD 1.99, 95% CI 0.22 to 3.76, p=0.03; physical component: AMD - 0.50, 95% CI -2.14 to 1.10, p=0.53).BASIL+ trial results were incorporated into a living systematic review [PROSPERO CRD42021298788], and we found strong evidence of an impact of behavioural and/or cognitive strategies on depression [random effects pooled standardised mean difference -0.32, 95% CI -0.48 to -0.16, 10 studies, n=1,210 participants] and loneliness [random effects pooled standardised mean difference -0.44, 95%CI -0.64 to -0.24, 13 studies, n=1,421 participants] in the short-term (<6 months).InterpretationBA is an effective intervention that reduces depression and some aspects of loneliness in the short term. This adds to the range of strategies to improve population mental health, particularly among older adults with multiple long-term conditions. These results will be helpful to policy makers in preventing depression and loneliness beyond the pandemic.FundingNIHR RP-PG-0217-20006
Analysis of the Clinical Incidence and Correlation between Colorectal Cancer and Microorganisms
Authors: Koutouvalis Kalia , Bejarano Pablo A 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this single institution retrospective medical record review, patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer from the years 2018-2022 were evaluated to distinguish an associative linear relationship between diagnosed colorectal cancer and a positive result for the presence of a microorganism. Based on the clinical incidence of this occurrence, it was observed patients with tumors in the left side of the colon had a higher incidence of a positive test result with a dominant microorganism. Species evaluation within this cohort found similarity to microorganisms identified as colorectal cancer biomarkers. These findings support clinical relevance and warrant further consideration for prospective study regarding microorganism involvement in colorectal cancer.
Molecular tuning of sea anemone stinging
Authors: He Lily S , Qi Yujia , Allard Corey AH , Valencia-Montoya Wendy A , Krueger Stephanie P , Weir Keiko , Seminara Agnese , Bellono Nicholas W 
Published: June 2023

AbstractJellyfish and sea anemones fire single-use, venom-covered barbs to immobilize prey or predators. We previously showed that the anemoneNematostella vectensisuses a specialized voltage-gated calcium (CaV) channel to trigger stinging in response to synergistic prey-derived chemicals and touch (Weir et al., 2020). Here we use experiments and theory to find that stinging behavior is suited to distinct ecological niches. We find that the burrowing anemoneNematostellauses uniquely strong CaVinactivation for precise control of predatory stinging. In contrast, the related anemoneExaiptasia diaphanainhabits exposed environments to support photosynthetic endosymbionts. Consistent with its niche,Exaiptasiaindiscriminately stings for defense and expresses a CaVsplice variant that confers weak inactivation. Chimeric analyses reveal that CaVβ subunit adaptations regulate inactivation, suggesting an evolutionary tuning mechanism for stinging behavior. These findings demonstrate how functional specialization of ion channel structure contributes to distinct organismal behavior.
Age-Related Modifications of Muscle Synergies during Daily-Living Tasks: A Scoping Review
Authors: Dussault-Picard Cloé , Havashinezhadian Sara , Turpin Nicolas A , Moissenet Florent , Turcot Katia , Cherni Yosra 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPurposeAging is associated with changes in neuromuscular control that can lead to difficulties in performing daily-living tasks. Based on electromyography, muscle synergy analysis provides a valuable tool for assessing neuromuscular control strategies. However, the age-related changes of muscle synergies during daily living tasks are scattered throughout the literature. This review aimed to synthesize the existing literature on muscle synergies in elderly people during daily-living tasks and examine how they differ from those exhibited by young adults.MethodsA search was conducted across the Medline, CINHAL, and Web of Science databases. Studies were included if they focused on muscle synergies in elderly people during walking, sit-to-stand or stair ascent, and if muscle synergies were obtained by a matrix factorization algorithm.ResultsThe research strategy identified 4849 studies, of which 17 studies were included after the screening process. The muscle synergies of 295 elderly people and 182 young adults were reported. Results suggest that: 1) elderly people and young adults retain similar muscle synergies’ number, 2) elderly people have higher muscles contribution during walking, and 3) an increased inter and intra-subject variability during specific tasks (i.e., walking and stair ascent, respectively) was reported in elderly people compared to young adults.ConclusionThis review provides a comprehensive understanding of age-related changes in neuromuscular control during daily-living tasks. Our findings suggested that although the number of synergies remains similar, metrics such as spatial and temporal structures of synergies are more suitable to identify neuromuscular control deficits between young adults and elderly people.
Diagnostic accuracy of LRINEC score and vitals in Necrotising skin infection in clinical Surgical Scar Incision Infection: A meta-analysis
Authors: Götz Marlene Carina , Andharia Dev , Malafi Maria Eleni , Maniyar Pankti , Raval Dwija , Agrawal Siddharth , Desai Dev 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundNecrotizing soft tissue infection (NSTI) is a potentially fatal skin and soft tissue infection, characterized by fulminant tissue damage, systemic signs of toxicity, and high mortality with case fatality rates ranging from 14% to 41% over the last two decades. It can be challenging to diagnose NF in its initial phases as it frequently presents symptoms that are similar to those of other non-necrotic SSTIs, such as cellulitis. It is unclear how the different diagnostic imaging modalities should be used to evaluate patients who have a suspected NSTI and there are concerns about their accuracy and potential delays in surgical intervention. Therefore, we aimed to gather data on the sensitivity and specificity of physical findings of fever, hypotension as well as imaging techniques such as ultrasound (USG) and computed tomography (CT) scans, and the LRINEC score, in detecting Necrotizing Soft Tissue Infections (NSTI) in patients.MethodsMedical literature was comprehensively searched and reviewed without restrictions to particular study designs, or publication dates using PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar databases for all relevant literature. The extraction of necessary data proceeded after specific inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied. In this Meta-Analysis, a total of 49 RCTs with an aggregate of 11,520 cases were handpicked. wherein two writers independently assessed the caliber of each study as well as the use of the Cochrane tool for bias risk apprehension. The statistical software packages RevMan (Review Manager, version 5.3), SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 20), and Excel in Stata 14 were used to perform the statistical analyses.ResultsWe calculated the sensitivity and specificity for each of the parameters. Here, USG has a sensitivity of 0.556 and specificity of 0.879, CT has a sensitivity of 0.932 and specificity of 0.849, and LRINEC Score >= 6 has a sensitivity of 0.59 and specificity of 0.849. we also calculated the same for physical signs like fever and hypotension.Conclusionwe conclude that physical signs like fever and hypotension and LRINEC Score >= 6 are not advisable indicators, however, CT shows significant superior modality but it is not a cost-effective solution. USG is relatively reliable and cost-effective for the early diagnosis of NSTI.
Discriminative Accuracy of CHA2DS2VASc Score, and Development of Predictive Accuracy Model Using Machine Learning for Ischemic Stroke in Cardiac Amyloidosis
Authors: Ullah Waqas , Nair Abhinav , Warner Eric , Zahid Salman , Frisch Daniel R. , Rajapreyar Indranee , Alvarez Rene J. , Alkhouli Mohamad , Yaddanapudi Sridhara S , Maurer Mathew S. , Brailovsky Yegeny 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACTBackgroundCardiac amyloidosis (CA) in conjunction with atrial fibrillation (AF) presents unique management challenges. CHA2DS2VASc score in these patients is believed to underestimate the risk of ischemic stroke, necessitating a better predictive model in these patients.MethodsData was obtained from the National Readmission Database (NRD). Outcomes between CA-AF and no-CA-AF were compared using multivariate regression analysis to calculate adjusted odds ratios (aOR). AutoScore; an interpretable machine learning framework, was used to develop a stroke risk prediction model, the predictive accuracy of which was evaluated with an area under the curve (AUC) using the receiver operating characteristic analysis.ResultsA total of 11,860,804 (CA-AF 22,687 [0.19%] and no-CA-AF 11,838,117) patients were identified from 2015-2019. The adjusted odds of mortality (aOR 1.41 and 1.29), stroke (aOR 1.78 and 1.74), non-intracranial hemorrhage (aOR 2.10 and aOR 1.85), and intracranial hemorrhage (aOR 14.4 and aOR 4.26) were significantly higher in CA-AF compared with non-CA-AF at both index admission and 30-days, respectively. The CHA2DS2VASc score had a poor discriminative accuracy for stroke at 30-days in CA-AF (AUC 49%, 95%CI 47%-51%, p=0.54). The machine learning autoscore integrative model revealed that the predictive ability of our newly proposed E-CHADS score (end-stage renal disease (ESRD), congestive heart failure, hypertension, active cancer, dementia, and diabetes mellitus) for 30-day risk of ischemic stroke in CA-AF was excellent (for a cutoff of 52 points random forest score) with an AUC of 80% (95%CI 74%-86%)ConclusionCardiac amyloidosis carries a high risk of ischemic stroke that is not accurately predicted by the CHA2DS2VASc score. Our proposed model (E-CHADS) identifies 3 new variables (ESRD, dementia, and cancer) that have higher discriminative accuracy for ischemic stroke in these patients.
CyVerse: Cyberinfrastructure for Open Science
Authors: Swetnam Tyson L. , Antin Parker B. , Bartelme Ryan , Bucksch Alexander , Camhy David , Chism Greg , Choi Illyoung , Cooksey Amanda M. , Cosi Michele , Cowen Cindy , Culshaw-Maurer Michael , Davey Robert , Davey Sean , Devisetty Upendra , Edgin Tony , Edmonds Andy , Fedorov Dmitry , Frady Jeremy , Fonner John , Gillan Jeffrey K. , Hossain Iqbal , Joyce Blake , Lang Konrad , Lee Tina , Littin Shelley , Mcewen Ian , Merchant Nirav , Micklos David , Nelson Andrew , Ramsey Ashley , Roberts Sarah , Sarando Paul , Skidmore Edwin , Song Jawon , Sprinkle Mary Margaret , Srinivasan Sriram , Strootman Jonathan D. , Stryeck Sarah , Tuteja Reetu , Vaughn Matthew , Wali Mojib , Wall Mariah , Walls Ramona , Wang Liya , Wickizer Todd , Williams Jason , Wregglesworth John , Lyons Eric 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCyVerse, the largest publicly-funded open-source research cyberinfrastructure for life sciences, has played a crucial role in advancing data-driven research since the 2010s. As the technology landscape evolved with the emergence of cloud computing platforms, machine learning and artificial intelligence (AI) applications, CyVerse has enabled access by providing interfaces, Software as a Service (SaaS), and cloud-native Infrastructure as Code (IaC) to leverage new technologies. CyVerse services enable researchers to integrate institutional and private computational resources, custom software, perform analyses, and publish data in accordance with open science principles. Over the past 13 years, CyVerse has registered more than 110,000 verified accounts from 160 countries and was used for over 1,600 peer-reviewed publications. Since 2011, 45,000 students and researchers have been trained to use CyVerse. The platform has been replicated and deployed in two countries outside the US, with additional private deployments on commercial clouds for US government agencies and multinational corporations. In this manuscript, we present a strategic blueprint for creating and managing SaaS cyberinfrastructure and IaC as free and open-source software.
A novel Nav1.5-dependent feedback mechanism driving glycolytic acidification in breast cancer metastasis
Authors: Leslie Theresa K , Tripp Aurelien , James Andrew D , Fraser Scott P , Nelson Michaela , Sajjaboontawee Nattanan , Toss Michael , Fadhil Wakkas , Salvage Samantha C , Arias Garcia Mar , Beykou Melina , Rakha Emad , Speirs Valerie , Bakal Chris , Poulogiannis George , Djamgoz Mustafa B A , Jackson Antony P , Matthews Hugh R , Huang Christopher L-H , Holding Andrew N , Chawla Sangeeta , Brackenbury William J 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSolid tumours have abnormally high intracellular [Na+]. The activity of various Na+channels may underlie this Na+accumulation. Voltage-gated Na+channels (VGSCs) have been shown to be functionally active in cancer cell lines, where they promote invasion. However, the mechanisms involved, and clinical relevance, are incompletely understood. Here, we show that protein expression of the Nav1.5 VGSC subtype strongly correlates with increased metastasis and shortened cancer-specific survival in breast cancer patients. In addition, VGSCs are functionally active in patient-derived breast tumour cells, cell lines, and cancer-associated fibroblasts. Knock down of Nav1.5 in a mouse model of breast cancer suppresses expression of invasion-regulating genes. Nav1.5 activity increases glycolysis in breast cancer cells, likely by up-regulating activity of the Na+/K+ATPase, thus promoting H+production and extracellular acidification. The pH of murine xenograft tumours is lower at the periphery than in the core, in regions of higher proliferation and lower apoptosis. In turn, acidic extracellular pH elevates persistent Na+influx through Nav1.5 into breast cancer cells. Together, these findings show positive feedback between extracellular acidification and movement of Na+into cancer cells which can facilitate invasion. These results highlight the clinical significance of Nav1.5 activity as a potentiator of breast cancer metastasis and provide further evidence supporting the use of VGSC inhibitors in cancer treatment.
Dopamine functionalized, red carbon quantum dots forin vivobioimaging, cancer therapeutics, and neuronal differentiation
Authors: Yadav Pankaj , Benner Dawson , Varshney Ritu , Kansara Krupa , Shah Krupa , Dahle Landon , Kumar Ashutosh , Rawal Rakesh , Gupta Sharad , Bhatia Dhiraj 
Published: June 2023

AbstractOne of the crucial requirements of quantum dots for biological applications is their surface modifications for very specific and enhanced biological recognition and uptake. Toward this, we present the green synthesis of bright, red-emitting carbon quantum dots derived from mango leaf extract (mQDs). These mQDs are conjugated electrostatically with dopamine to form mQDs-dopamine (mQDs: DOPA) bioconjugates. Bright red fluorescence of mQDs was used for bioimaging and uptake in multiple cell lines, tissues, andin vivomodels like zebrafish. mQDs exhibited the highest uptake in brain tissue as compared to others. mQD:DOPA conjugate induced cellular toxicity only in cancer cells while showing increased uptake in epithelial cells and zebrafish. Additionally, the mQDs: DOPA promoted neuronal differentiation of SH-SY5Y cells to complete neurons. Both mQDs and mQDs: DOPA exhibited potential for higher collective cell migrations implicating their future potential as next-generation tools for advanced biological and biomedical applications.TOCmQDs were electrostatically conjugated with dopamine (DOPA) to form the mQDs: DOPA bioconjugate. mQDs are used to image cells, tissues, and zebrafish embryos. mQDs: DOPA kills cancer cells, differentiates neuronal cells, and increases the uptake of mQDs in zebrafish embryos.
Efficient Methods for Target Gene Manipulation in Haematopoietic Stem Cell Derived Human Neutrophils
Authors: Anthony Yong Kheng Cordero Ng , Fox Eleonore , Brelstaff Jack , Frontini Mattia , Summers Charlotte 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNeutrophils are the most abundant leukocyte in humans and the principal effectors of the innate immue response. Genetic modification of human neutrophils is challenging due to their short lifespan and tendency to activate in response to even minor perturbation. However, genetic manipulation of haematopoietic progenitor cells and subsequent directed differentation into neutrophils represents a potential avenue to study the contributions of individual genes and pathways to human neutrophil function. Here we present a method of directed granulocytic CD34+progenitor differentiation into neutrophils capable of key functions such as priming and neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation. We further show that differentiating progenitors can be efficiently and stably modified by lentiviral gene delivery and Cas9-gRNP nucleofection to produce potent and activation-free gene knockdown in mature neutrophils, thereby providing new tools for understanding the contribution of neutrophils to health and disease. Using this model we have shown that, contrary to previous reports, CD11b is not required for phagocytosis of serum-opsonised bacterial particles.