bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Dry-Wet Cycling on Shear Strength of Phyllite-Weathered Soil in Longsheng, Guilin
Authors: Yin Jianliang , Liu Zhikui , Gu Zhanfei , Yan Yan , Xie Yong Xiong , Huang Bingyan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe phyllite-weathered soil is a regional speciality. It is essential to study the changes in shear strength of phyllite-weathered soil under dry-wet cycles to understand the changes in mechanical properties of phyllite-weathered soil in the process of dry-wet climate and to manage the slope of phyllite-weathered soil. This paper simulated 12 dry-wet cycles on the specimens of remodelled phyllite-weathered soil. Direct shear and SEM tests were conducted on the specimens in the 0th, 3rd, 6th, 9th, and 12th drying paths. The effects of moisture content and the number of dry-wet cycles on the shear strength of phyllite-weathered soil were analysed macroscopically and microscopically. The following conclusions were obtained: (1) The cohesion of the weathered soil of phyllite will be reduced by increasing the number of cycles, and the more the number of dry-wet cycles, the more pronounced the reduction; the internal friction angle of the weathered soil of phyllite will be reduced by increasing the number of cycles, but the pattern of the decrease in the internal friction angle is not obvious. (2) The increase in the number of dry-wet cycles will increase the stiffness and brittleness of the phyllite-weathered soil specimen, and it will change from the weak hardening type of plastic damage to the solid softening type of brittle damage after a certain number of cycles. (3) The SEM test found that phyllite-weathered soil particles in Longsheng, Guilin are large, and most of the particles are in face-to-face and angle-to-face contact, which is easy to form a hollow structure, and the dry density value of the soil in the natural state is small. At the same time, the soil is reddish-brown in colour because of the leaching of Fe2 O3. The shear strength index of the cemented phyllite-weathered soil with Fe2 O3 is more significant than that of phyllite-weathered soil in other areas. The soil has a good shear strength index and a small dry density.
Quantitative Evaluation of Four Kinds of Site Seismic Response Analysis Methods Using DTW
Authors: Sun Rui , Qi Wanwan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn order to quantitatively evaluate the one-dimensional site seismic response analysis methods, this article selected 2418 ground motion records of Japan KiK-net strong-motion seismograph network and 2418 groups of acceleration response spectra calculated by DEEPSOIL, SHAKE2000, SOILQUAKE and SOILRESPONSE, and then` used the dynamic time warping (DTW) algorithm to calculate the DTW distance between the measured acceleration response spectrum and the calculated acceleration response spectrum. The average DTW distance and change trend in different PGA ranges were compared and analyzed. The average DTW distance of the four methods in weak ground motion were similar, and in the strong ground motion, the average DTW distance of SOILRESPONSE was smaller than the other three methods. The DTW distance of the four methods increased with the increase of PGA, the growth rate of SOILRESPONSE was significantly lower than the other three methods. DTW distance can accurately and effectively reflect the difference between response spectrum, which provides a new method for quantitative evaluation of one-dimensional site seismic response analysis method.
The Influence of Coating Material and Thickness on the Corrosion Degree of Q345 Steel
Authors: Wan Li , Pan Xiang , Huang Lizhen , Huang Baotao , Yang Cai , Du Yiming 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn order to investigate the anti-corrosion effect of coated steel of steel bridge, Q345 steel plate specimens with three types of coatings, including zinc coating, aluminum coating and zinc-aluminum coating, are produced by the arc spraying technology. In the present study, chlorine corrosion tests are performed to investigate the influence law of different coating material and its thickness on the corrosion degree. Then the calculation results of two corrosion indicators are compared and analyzed. It is shown that the two corrosion indicators reflect the same corrosion law of three kinds of coating steel. The corrosion of all coated specimens is obviously severe in the early stage and gradually gentle in the later stage. It is also found that during the whole corrosion cycle, the corrosion rate of aluminum coating is smaller and change slower than the other two kinds of coatings, whereas the coating thickness of 200 μm of aluminum coating changes significantly. Therefore, aluminum coating is recommended as a priority, and the recommended coating thickness range of which is 100–150 μm.
Non-destructive Detection of Grouting Defects Behind Shield Tunnel Wall by Combining Ground Penetrating Radar with Seismic Wave Method
Authors: Han Qing , Huang Yihui , Li Chaochen , Yang Peiquan , Deng Xiongjie , Wang Dengyi , Ma Fuan , Shi Hufeng 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe shield construction is a mature tunnel construction technology. Grouting behind segment wall synchronously during shield construction is an important measure to control stratum deformation, reduce ground settlement and prevent tunnel water seepage. The quality of grouting can significantly affect the quality of tunnel construction. The method of grouting quality judgment in early tunnel construction is inefficient and uncertain. To ensure the safety of tunnel structure, it is an urgent technical innovation to study the non-destructive testing technology for grouting effect of shield segment wall. Nowadays, the general Non-destructive testing methods include ground penetrating radar detection and seismic wave detection. These two methods can meet most of the needs of grouting defect detection behind the wall, but also have their own advantages and disadvantages. Therefore, this study proposes the combination of ground penetrating radar and seismic wave method of shield tunnel wall after grouting defects Non-destructive detection method, first, ground penetrating radar is used for scanning probe shield wall after grouting, and then according to the seismic wave method is used to further verify the results for some suspected injury, while ensure the detection efficiency to improve recognition accuracy. Finally, the defect detection and verification of the proposed method was carried out based on the shield segment model test platform, and this proposed method was successfully applied to the actual project of a metro line in Foshan.
Rhein-attenuates LPS-induced acute lung injury via targeting NFATc1/Trem2 axis
Authors: Li Xiang , Xiao Chuan , Yuan Jia , Chen Xianjun , Li Qing , Shen Feng 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Evidence indicated that the early stage transition of macrophages’ polarization stages yielded a superior prognosis for acute lung injury (ALI) or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Rhein (cassic acid) is one major component of many traditional Chinese medicines, and has been reported to perform with strong anti-inflammation capabilities. However, the role rhein played and the mechanism via which it did so in LPS-induced ALI/ARDS remain unclear.

Methods
ALI/ARDS was induced by LPS (3 mg/kg, i.n, st), accompanied by the applications of rhein (50 and 100 mg/kg, i.p, qd), and a vehicle or NFATc1 inhibitor (10 mg/kg, i.p, qd) in vivo. Mice were sacrificed 48 h after modeling. Lung injury parameters, epithelial cell apoptosis, macrophage polarization, and oxidative stress were examined. In vitro, conditioned medium from alveolar epithelial cells stimulated by LPS was used for culturing a RAW264.7 cell line, along with rhein administrations (5 and 25 μM). RNA sequencing, molecule docking, biotin pull-down, ChIP-qPCR, and dual luciferase assay were performed to clarify the mechanisms of rhein in this pathological process.

Results
Rhein significantly attenuated tissue inflammation and promoted macrophage M2 polarization transition in LPS-induced ALI/ARDS. In vitro, rhein alleviated the intracellular ROS level, the activation of P65, and thus the M1 polarization of macrophages. In terms of mechanism, rhein played its protective roles via targeting the NFATc1/Trem2 axis, whose function was significantly mitigated in both Trem2 and NFATc1 blocking experiments.

Conclusion
Rhein promoted macrophage M2 polarization transition by targeting the NFATc1/Trem2 axis to regulate inflammation response and prognosis after ALI/ARDS, which shed more light on possibilities for the clinical treatments of this pathological process.
Remdesivir treatment and clinical outcome in non-severe hospitalized COVID-19 patients: a propensity score matching multicenter Italian hospital experience
Authors: Attena Emilio , Caturano Alfredo , Annunziata Anna , Maraolo Alberto Enrico , De Rosa Annunziata , Fusco Francesco Maria , Halasz Geza , Dall’Ospedale Valeria , Conte Maddalena , Parisi Valentina , Galiero Raffaele , Sasso Ferdinando Carlo , Fiorentino Giuseppe , Russo Vincenzo 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Remdesivir exerts positive effects on clinical improvement, even though it seems not to affect mortality among COVID-19 patients; moreover, it was associated with the occurence of marked bradycardia.

Methods
We retrospectively evaluated 989 consecutive patients with non-severe COVID-19 (SpO2 ≥ 94% on room air) admitted from October 2020 to July 2021 at five Italian hospitals. Propensity score matching allowed to obtain a comparable control group. Primary endpoints were bradycardia onset (heart rate < 50 bpm), acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in need of intubation and mortality.

Results
A total of 200 patients (20.2%) received remdesivir, while 789 standard of care (79.8%). In the matched cohorts, severe ARDS in need of intubation was experienced by 70 patients (17.5%), significantly higher in the control group (68% vs. 31%; p < 0.0001). Conversely, bradycardia, experienced by 53 patients (12%), was significantly higher in the remdesivir subgroup (20% vs. 1.1%; p < 0.0001). During follow-up, all-cause mortality was 15% (N = 62), significantly higher in the control group (76% vs. 24%; log-rank p < 0.0001), as shown at the Kaplan–Meier (KM) analysis. KM furthermore showed a significantly higher risk of severe ARDS in need of intubation among controls (log-rank p < 0.001), while an increased risk of bradycardia onset in the remdesivir group (log-rank p < 0.001). Multivariable logistic regression showed a protective role of remdesivir for both ARDS in need of intubation (OR 0.50, 95%CI 0.29–0.85; p = 0.01) and mortality (OR 0.18, 95%CI 0.09–0.39; p < 0.0001).

Conclusions
Remdesivir treatment emerged as associated with reduced risk of severe acute respiratory distress syndrome in need of intubation and mortality. Remdesivir-induced bradycardia was not associated with worse outcome.
Non-contrast computed tomography features predict intraventricular hemorrhage growth
Authors: Nawabi Jawed , Schlunk Frieder , Dell’Orco Andrea , Elsayed Sarah , Mazzacane Federico , Desser Dmitriy , Vu Ly , Vogt Estelle , Cao Haoyin , Böhmer Maik F. H. , Akkurt Burak Han , Sporns Peter B. , Pasi Marco , Jensen-Kondering Ulf , Broocks Gabriel , Penzkofer Tobias , Fiehler Jens , Padovani Alessandro , Hanning Uta , Morotti Andrea 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectivesNon-contrast computed tomography (NCCT) markers are robust predictors of parenchymal hematoma expansion in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). We investigated whether NCCT features can also identify ICH patients at risk of intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) growth.MethodsPatients with acute spontaneous ICH admitted at four tertiary centers in Germany and Italy were retrospectively included from January 2017 to June 2020. NCCT markers were rated by two investigators for heterogeneous density, hypodensity, black hole sign, swirl sign, blend sign, fluid level, island sign, satellite sign, and irregular shape. ICH and IVH volumes were semi-manually segmented. IVH growth was defined as IVH expansion > 1 mL (eIVH) or any delayed IVH (dIVH) on follow-up imaging. Predictors of eIVH and dIVH were explored with multivariable logistic regression. Hypothesized moderators and mediators were independently assessed in PROCESS macro models.ResultsA total of 731 patients were included, of whom 185 (25.31%) suffered from IVH growth, 130 (17.78%) had eIVH, and 55 (7.52%) had dIVH. Irregular shape was significantly associated with IVH growth (OR 1.68; 95%CI [1.16–2.44];p = 0.006). In the subgroup analysis stratified by the IVH growth type, hypodensities were significantly associated with eIVH (OR 2.06; 95%CI [1.48–2.64];p = 0.015), whereas irregular shape (OR 2.72; 95%CI [1.91–3.53];p = 0.016) in dIVH. The association between NCCT markers and IVH growth was not mediated by parenchymal hematoma expansion.ConclusionsNCCT features identified ICH patients at a high risk of IVH growth. Our findings suggest the possibility to stratify the risk of IVH growth with baseline NCCT and might inform ongoing and future studies.Clinical relevance statementNon-contrast CT features identified ICH patients at a high risk of intraventricular hemorrhage growth with subtype-specific differences. Our findings may assist in the risk stratification of intraventricular hemorrhage growth with baseline CT and might inform ongoing and future clinical studies.Key Points• NCCT features identified ICH patients at a high risk of IVH growth with subtype-specific differences.• The effect of NCCT features was not moderated by time and location or indirectly mediated by hematoma expansion.• Our findings may assist in the risk stratification of IVH growth with baseline NCCT and might inform ongoing and future studies.
Systemic lupus erythematosus and prostate cancer risk: a pool of cohort studies and Mendelian randomization analysis
Authors: Ou Junyong , Zhen Kailan , Wu Yaqian , Xue Zixuan , Fang Yangyi , Zhang Qiming , Bi Hai , Tian Xiaojun , Ma Lulin , Liu Cheng 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Current observational studies suggest that there may be a causal relationship between systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and prostate cancer (PC). However, there is contradictory evidence. This study aimed to investigate and clarify the association between SLE and PC.

Methods
We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus until May 2022. A meta-analysis was conducted on the standard incidence rate (SIR) and 95% CI. Subgroup analysis was performed based on the follow-up duration, study quality, and appropriate SLE diagnosis. Mendelian randomization (MR) of the two samples was used to determine whether genetically elevated SLE was causal for PC. Summary MR data were obtained from published GWASs, which included 1,959,032 individuals. The results were subjected to sensitivity analysis to verify their reliability.

Results
In a meta-analysis of 79,316 participants from 14 trials, we discovered that patients with SLE had decreased PC risk (SIR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.70–0.87) significantly. The MR results showed that a one-SD increase in genetic susceptibility to SLE significantly reduced PC risk (OR, 0.9829; 95% CI, 0.9715–0.9943; P = 0.003). Additional MR analyses suggested that the use of immunosuppressants (ISs) (OR, 1.1073; 95% CI, 1.0538–1.1634; P < 0.001), but not glucocorticoids (GCs) or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), which were associated with increased PC risk. The results of the sensitivity analyses were stable, and there was no evidence of directional pleiotropy.

Conclusions
Our results suggest that patients with SLE have a lower risk of developing PC. Additional MR analyses indicated that genetic susceptibility to the use of ISs, but not GCs or NSAIDs, was associated with increased PC risk. This finding enriches our understanding of the potential risk factors for PC in patients with SLE. Further study is required to reach more definitive conclusions regarding these mechanisms.
Cardio-pulmonary nematodes of the red fox (Vulpes vulpes) of Sardinia, Italy
Authors: Nonnis Francesca , Tamponi Claudia , Tosciri Gabriele , Manconi Maria , Pudda Flavia , Cabras Pierangela , Dessì Giorgia , Scala Antonio , Varcasia Antonio 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCardio-pulmonary parasites, such as Angiostrongylus vasorum, Crenosoma vulpis, and Eucoleus aerophilus, pose a significant concern on account of pulmonary and cardiac problems they induce in dogs. While the red fox is known to be a key reservoir host for A. vasorum and may also play a role in transmitting C. vulpis and E. aerophilus, there has been no recent research on these parasites in foxes from Sardinia, with the most current studies dating back to 1986. A survey was conducted on red foxes in Sardinia, where a total of 51 foxes were collected, necropsied, and examined for adult worms in their hearts and lungs. The worms were identified using morphometric analysis and molecular methods. The results showed a 54.9% overall prevalence at dissection: 45.1% of the foxes were positive for E. aerophilus, 17.6% for C. vulpis, and 13.7% for A. vasorum. The molecular analyses validated the morphological characterization. In comparison to previous research, which found 13 out of 85 foxes to be positive for A. vasorum with a prevalence rate of 15.3% and 1 for E. aerophilus with a prevalence of 1.2%, this study showed an increased prevalence of E. aerophilus and C. vulpis, and a decrease in the prevalence of A. vasorum. These results indicate that the red foxes in Sardinia represent a reservoir host for cardio-pulmonary nematodes and it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of respiratory distress syndrome in dogs.
Behandlungspräferenzen von Patient*innen mit Speiseröhrenkrebs
Authors: Kiemen Andrea , Dammer Nathalie , Czornik Manuel , Hipp Julian , Schmoor Claudia , Höppner Jens , Weis Joachim 
Published: May 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die Behandlung von Ösophaguskarzinom nach geltendem Standard ist eine Operation, die nach einer neoadjuvanten Chemotherapie (nCT) oder Radiochemotherapie (nCRT) erfolgt. Für Patient*innen mit klinischer Komplettresponse auf eine nCT/nCRT kann eine aktive Überwachung mit einer Operation nur bei Bedarf eine gleichwertige Option in Bezug auf das Überleben darstellen.

Fragestellung
Identifikation von Faktoren, die Therapiepräferenzen, Beweggründe zur Entscheidungsfindung sowie Befürchtungen/Hoffnungen von EC-Patient*innen hinsichtlich der Wahl der beiden Behandlungsoptionen.

Material und Methode
Die qualitative Erhebung mit teilstrukturierten Einzelinterviews mit EC-Patient*innen und Expert*inneninterviews mit Ärzt*innen, Pflegekräften und Psychoonkolog*innen.

Ergebnisse
Die ärztliche Aufklärung stellt bei der Therapiepräferenz eine Entscheidungsgrundlage dar. Hierbei wird nicht nur eine empathische und kompetente Beratung, sondern auch eine konkrete Anweisung bzgl. der Therapiewahl von den behandelnden Ärzt*innen erwartet. Als ein wesentlicher Faktor für die Therapiewahl wird das Alter genannt. Vor allem erhöhtes Komplikationsrisiko während oder nach einer Operation bzw. körperliche Schwäche scheinen für Patient*innen in höherem Alter ein bedeutsamer Grund zu sein, eine Operation nach Bedarf zu bevorzugen. Die Entscheidung für oder gegen eine bestimmte Therapie orientiert sich an Lebenszeit und Lebensqualität der Patient*innen, die immer individuell und unterschiedlich interpretiert wird.

Schlussfolgerungen
Nach den hier vorliegenden qualitativen Daten ist die sofortige Operation die primäre Behandlungsoption bei Patient*innen mit Ösophaguskarzinom (7 von 11), dennoch sehen einige Patient*innen sehr wohl die Vorteile der alternativen Behandlungsmethode und würden eine Operation nach Bedarf bevorzugen. Die überwiegende Anzahl der Patient*innen (8 von 11) würde an einer RCT teilnehmen und betrachtet die Teilnahme als eine einmalige Chance, eine alternative Behandlungsmethode zu erhalten, eine Operation zu vermeiden und somit ihre Lebensqualität zu verbessern.
Cumulative 10-year performance of endodontically treated teeth with prosthetic restorations of base metal alloy double crowns with friction pins—a retrospective study
Authors: Hinz Sebastian , Bömicke Wolfgang , Bensel Tobias 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Objectives
This 120-month follow-up study aimed to investigate the complication rate of abutment teeth after endodontic pretreatment with base metal alloy double crowns with friction pins.

Materials and methods
A total of 158 participants (n = 71, 44.9% women) aged 62.5 ± 12.7 years with 182 prostheses on 520 abutment teeth (n = 459, 88.3% vital) were retrospectively analyzed between 2006 and 2022. Of the endodontically treated abutment teeth, 6.9% (n = 36) were additionally treated with post and core reconstructions. Cumulative complication rates were calculated using the Kaplan–Meier estimator and log-rank test. In addition, Cox regression analysis was performed.

Results
The cumulative complication rate at 120 months for the entire set of abutment teeth was 39.6% (confidence interval [CI]: 33.0–46.2). Endodontically treated abutment teeth (33.8%; CI: 19.6–48.0) were found to have a significantly higher cumulative fracture rate than vital teeth (19.9%; CI: 13.9–25.9, p < 0.001). Endodontically treated teeth restored with post and core reconstructions (30.4%; CI: 13.2–47.6) showed a nonsignificant lower cumulative fracture rate than that of teeth with root fillings only (41.6%; CI: 16.4–66.8, p = 0.463).

Conclusions
Higher 120-month cumulative fracture rates were observed in endodontically treated teeth. Comparable performance was observed in teeth with post and core reconstructions compared to teeth with root fillings only.

Clinical relevance
If endodontically treated teeth are used as abutments for double crowns, the risk of complications from these teeth should be considered when planning treatment and communicating with the patient.
Degradation of the compression strength of spacers made of high-density pressboard used in power transformers under the influence of thermal ageing
Authors: Oria C. , Méndez C. , Carrascal I. , Ferreño D. , Ortiz A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe structural components inside power transformers are commonly made of high-density pressboard, due to its suitable mechanical and dielectric properties. Among these components are the spacers used in the windings of transformers, which are subjected to compressive loading during operation. The spacers are immersed in dielectric liquid and subjected to high temperatures and chemical reactions during the lifespan of the transformer, which result in the degradation of their dielectric and mechanical properties. The performance and reliability of the power transformer greatly depends on its mechanical integrity, so it is necessary to understand how ageing degrades the mechanical response of the high-density pressboard. In this study, spacers made of high-density pressboard and pieces of copper conductor were immersed in uninhibited paraffinic oil and aged at 150 °C for different periods of time, trying to realistically represent the process suffered by a power transformer during its whole lifespan. The evolution caused by the thermal ageing over some chemical parameters (acidity and moisture content) and dielectric properties (AC breakdown voltage, dielectric dissipation factor, resistivity and degree of polymerisation) of the oil and the pressboard was studied experimentally. Compressive mechanical tests were performed on samples of the aged high-density pressboard, and the compressive stiffness during the ageing process was related with other chemical and dielectric parameters.