bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High-performance pyrite nano-catalyst driven photothermal/chemodynamic synergistic therapy for Osteosarcoma
Authors: Li Meirong , Wang Minghua , Huang Junfeng , Tang Shiqi , Yang Jingyu , Xu Zhourui , Xu Gaixia , Chen Xin , Liu Jia , Yang Chengbin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is an aggressive bone tumor with strong invasiveness, rapid metastasis and dreadful mortality. Chemotherapy is commonly used approach for OS treatment but was limited by the development of drug resistance and long-term adverse effects. To date, OS still lack the curative treatment. Herein, we fabricated pyrite-based nanoparticles (FeS2@CP NPs) as synergetic therapeutic platform by integrating photothermal therapy (PTT) and chemo-dynamic therapy (CDT) into one system. The synthetic FeS2@CP NPs showed superior Fenton reaction catalytic activity. FeS2@CP NPs-based CDT efficaciously eradicated the tumor cells by initiating double killing-effect of apoptosis and ferroptosis. Furthermore, the generated heat from FeS2@CP under near-infrared region II (NIR II) laser irradiation could not only inhibit tumors growth, but also promote tumor cell apoptosis and ferroptosis by accelerating •OH production and GSH depletion. Finally, the photothermal/NIR II-enhanced CDT synergistic therapy show excellent osteosarcoma treatment effect both in vitro and in vivo with negligible side effects. Overall, this work provided a high-performance and multifunctional Fenton catalyst for osteosarcoma synergistic therapy, which provided a pathway for the clinical application of PTT augmented CDT.
Seed germination characteristics of a critically endangered evergreen oak, Quercus marlipoensis (Fagaceae) and its conservation implication
Authors: Liu Luting , Tu Yu , Li Qiansheng , Deng Min 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Seed germination is among the most crucial and vulnerable stages in plant life cycles. Quercus marlipoensis is a critically endangered sclerophyllous oak endemic to the tropical montane cloud forests (TMCFs) of southeastern Yunnan, China. Only one population has ever been found, and it has shown regeneration difficulties. However, its seed biological traits and key restrictive germination factors remain unknown. In this study, we measured the seed biological traits of Q. marlipoensis and investigated the impacts of scarification, temperature, and water potential on its seed germination. We found that the seeds have typical epicotyl dormancy. Scarification by removing part or all of the pericarp and part of the cotyledon (1/3 and 2/3) increased the seed germination percentage. The seeds can tolerate low germination temperatures (Tb = 3.6°C), but germination occurred earlier under warmer temperatures (15–30°C) with T50 values from 2.1 to 3.4 days. Germination percentage, germination value, and germination index decreased linearly as water potential decreased from 0 to -1.0 MPa, while T50 increased. Quercus marlipoensis seeds are typically recalcitrant, and the germination percentage is highly sensitive to moisture loss. However, it can tolerate animal predation and low germination temperatures. Its germination traits are compatible with the unique limestone environment of TMCFs. The more frequent climatic extremes and droughts in recent decades in the Indo-China region have degraded its natural habitats. Therefore, ex-situ conservation by introducing seeds to nursery/botanical gardens and reintroducing seedlings into the native habitat is an efficient method to secure the survival of Q. marlipoensis in nature.
Prevalence, patterns and associated risk factors for dyslipidaemia among individuals attending the diabetes clinic at a tertiary hospital in Central Malawi
Authors: Filisa-Kaphamtengo Florence , Ngoma Jonathan , Mukhula Victoria , Matemvu Zaithwa , Kapute Deborah , Banda Peter , Phiri Tamara , Mipando Mwapatsa , Hosseinipour Mina C. , Katundu Kondwani G.H. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Dyslipidaemia among individuals with diabetes is a significant modifiable risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVDs). ASCVDs are a major cause of mortality and morbidity globally, especially in people with diabetes. In Malawi, limited data exist on the prevalence and biochemical characteristics of diabetic dyslipidaemia. This study investigated the prevalence and biochemical characteristics of dyslipidaemia in individuals attending the diabetes clinic at Kamuzu Central Hospital, the largest tertiary referral hospital in Central Malawi.
Methods
Using a cross-sectional design, sociodemographic, medical and anthropometric data were collected from 391 adult participants who were enrolled in the study. Blood samples were analysed for glycosylated haemoglobin (HBA1c) and fasting lipid profiles. The prevalence of dyslipidaemia was calculated, and the biochemical characteristics of the dyslipidaemia were defined. The associations between dyslipidaemia and risk factors such as sociodemographic characteristics, obesity, and HBA1c levels were evaluated using logistic regression analysis.
Results
Prevalence of dyslipidaemia was observed in 71% of the participants, and elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol was the most frequent lipid abnormality among the study participants. On bivariate analysis, dyslipidemia was positively associated with female sex [OR 1.65 (95% CI 1.05–2.58); p = 0.09], age ≥ 30 years [OR 3.60 (95% CI 1.17–7.68); p = 0.001] and overweight and obesity [OR 2.11 (95% CI 1.33–3.34); p = 0.002]. On multivariate analysis, being overweight or obese was an independent predictor of dyslipidaemia [AOR 1.8 ;( 95% CI 1.15–3.37); p = 0.04].
Conclusion
Dyslipidaemia was highly prevalent among individuals with diabetes in this study, and elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol was the most frequent lipid abnormality. Overweight and obesity were also highly prevalent and positively predicted dyslipidaemia. This study highlights the importance of appropriately addressing dyslipidaemia, overweight and obesity among individuals with diabetes in Malawi and other similar settings in Africa as one of the significant ways of reducing the risk of ASCVDs among this population.
Influence of pump source beam quality and OPO cavity resonance regime on output characteristics of mid-infrared ZGP-OPO laser
Authors: Ebadian Hassan , Tooski Majid Babaiy , Maleki Abbas , Majd Abdolah Eslami 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In this paper, the effect of the pump beam quality on the output results of ZGP-OPO nonlinear conversion pumped by a Q-switched Ho:YLF laser at 2.056 𝜇m wavelength was studied. In the experimental setup, two cavity resonance regimes were applied. First, a U-shape Q-switched resonator at two types of concave-concave and concave-convex structures was investigated. Output energies of 60 and 55 mJ at 24.5 ns of pulse duration were achieved for the resonators mentioned above with double-pass pumping, respectively. In the concave-convex resonator, a far-field beam divergence angle of about 0.7 mrad was recorded, although the conversion efficiency was lower. The maximum conversion efficiency of the linear OPO cavity with a concave-plane structure was recorded. A 30.5 mJ total energy of parametric waves was measured at the PE-DRO resonance regimes pumped by 55 mJ incident energy in the concave-convex resonator at 2056.8 nm Q-switched laser, which corresponds to an optical-to-optical efficiency of 53.5 %. The peak of signal and idler waves are 3779.5 and 4507.6 nm, respectively. The pulse width is about 22.4 ns at the PE-DRO resonance regime
Clinical and legal factors associated with long stays in a French secure unit
Authors: Larhant Camille , Raymond Sophie , Claude Laurie-Anne , Lejoyeux Michel , Gasman Ivan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
We aimed to study lengths of stay of patients hospitalized in Henri Colin unit, a secure unit located in Paris area. The objective was to analyze sociodemographic, clinical and legal features associated with long-stay status, and to estimate the proportion of long-stay patients in our sample, along with mean and median lengths of stay.
Methods
We conducted the first French study on length of stay in a secure unit. We included all 60 inpatients hospitalized on a census day in Henri Colin secure unit. We reviewed files to collect data about length of stay as well as socio-demographic and clinical data. We chose a 2 years threshold to define long stay status.
Results
Mean length of stay was 756.7 days. 28.3 % of the patients had been hospitalized for more than 2 years, and 8.3 % for more than 5 years. In multivariate analysis, legal status and need for seclusion during stay were significantly associated with long-stay status. Those results are consistent with international literature, especially as they show the significant interplay between legal and medical aspects in the patients care pathway. Finally, we discussed individual impact of our findings and consequences on the psychiatric care system, as well as implications for future research.
Conclusion
This study sheds light on the complexities surrounding extended stays in secure units and underscores the importance of addressing both clinical and legal aspects in the treatment of patients with mental disorders in forensic settings.
Empirical modelling and prediction of neuronal dynamics
Authors: Fisco-Compte Pau , Aquilué-Llorens David , Roqueiro Nestor , Fossas Enric , Guillamon Antoni 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Mathematical modelling of neuronal dynamics has experienced a fast growing in the last decades thanks to the biophysical formalism introduced by Hodgkin and Huxley in the 1950's. Other types of models (for instance, integrate and fire models), although less realistic, have also contributed to understand population dynamics. However, there is still a vast volume of data orphan of model, mainly because data is acquired more rapidly than it can be analyzed or because it is difficult to analyze (for instance, if the number of ionic channels involved is huge). Therefore, developing new methodologies to obtain mathematical or computational models associated to data (even without previous knowledge of the source) can be helpful to make future predictions. Here, we explore the identification of neuronal (single-cell) voltage traces with artificial neural networks (ANN). We present an optimized computational scheme that trains the ANN with biologically plausible input currents. We obtain successful identification for data generated from four different neuron models. We also show that the empiric model obtained is able to generalize and predict the neuronal dynamics generated by variable input currents different from those used to train the artificial network. The resulting software (publicly available) can be used to obtain empiric models from experimental voltage traces obtained from known input current time traces.
L-arginine salen Schiff-base complex of lanthanum on the functionalized surface of mesoporous MCM-41 as a robust, biocompatible and recyclable nanocatalyst for the chemoselective synthesis of sulfoxide and tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyran derivatives
Authors: Nikoorazm Mohsen , Tahmasbi Bahman , Darabi Mitra , Tyula Yunes Abbasi , Gholami Shahab , Khanmoradi Maryam , Koolivand Mostafa 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In this project, L-arginine salen Schiff-base complex of lanthanum on the functionalized surface of mesoporous MCM-41 (La@L-ASS@MCM-41) was synthesized. At first step, 3-iodopropyl trimethoxysilane (IPTMS) was synthesized from 3-chloropropyl trimethoxysilane and potassium iodide via simple S N 2 substitution reaction in dry acetone solvent. Then, the surface of hexagonal channels of mesoporous MCM-41 was modified with IPTMS groups (IPTMS@MCM-41). In the other hand, L-arginine salen Schiff-base (LASS) was synthesized and further it was grafted on IPTMS@MCM-41 (which L-ASS@MCM-41 was synthesized). In continuation, lanthanum ions was stabilized on its surface (La@L-ASS@MCM-41). At second step, this obtained materials was identified by different techniques e.g. FTIR, EDX, SEM, WDX, ICP-AES, and BET. At third step, the synthesized La@L-ASS@MCM-41 was investigated as a robust, biocompatible and recyclable catalyst for the chemoselective producing of sulfoxides and tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyrans. Tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyrans were synthesized using a multicomponent condensation of malononitrile, aldehydes and dimedone in H 2 O as an ideal, available and green solvent in the influence of La@L-ASS@MCM-41 nanocatalyst. Also, sulfoxides were synthesized through chemoselective oxidation of sulfide derivatives using H 2 O 2 as a green oxidant agent under solvent-free conditions, which catalyzed by La@L-ASS@MCM-41 nanocatalyst. In addition, La@L-ASS@MCM-41 nanocatalyst can be separated and recycled for several cycles without metal leaching or reactivation.
Histological classification of Japanese IgA nephropathy with a small number of glomeruli using Bayes’ theorem
Authors: Nakata Takeshi , Tanigawa Masato , Fukuda Akihiro , Shibata Hirotaka 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In Japan an original pathological classification of IgA glomerulonephritis was used for now, while Oxford classification of IgA glomerulonephritis was used in other countries. For proper classification, the Oxford and Japanese classifications require ≥ 8 and ≥ 10 glomeruli per biopsy, respectively. Here, we report how the glomerular count affects the Japanese classification of IgA glomerulonephritis using Bayesian probabilistic analysis in cross-sectional study. Ninety-nine patients diagnosed with IgA nephropathy were included in the study. To determine the accuracy of histological staging, we calculated the posterior probability using Bayes' theorem and adopted three model of prior distribution. First, the actual staging distribution was reclassified using the beta distribution(reclassified distribution). Second a model with the same distribution(actual distribution) as the actual staging was used. Third, a model assuming that all cases are equally distributed(equal distribution) was used. The median number of collected glomeruli was 12 (8–19). There were 33 cases (33%) wherein the glomerular count was ≤ 9. When only cases with ≥ 10 glomeruli were included, the median posterior probability was 91% (74–99) (actual distribution, 90% [74–98]; equal distribution, 85% [73–96]). Even among the 33 cases with ≤ 9 glomeruli, there were approximately 7 cases in which the posterior probability was ≥ 90% for each model. Using Bayesian probabilistic analysis, it was possible to evaluate the histologic classification of IgA nephropathy, even when the number of obtained glomeruli was ≤ 9.
Microbial biodegradation of pyridine by marine mangrove Bacillus aryabhattai strain NM1-A2 via a novel nitrogen metabolism pathway
Authors: Kashif Muhammad , Mo Shuming , Xiong Jianwen , Sang Yimeng , Khan Sohail , Shah Syed Jalil , Khan Taj Malook , Jiang Chengjian 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background: Diverse microbes, such as bacteria, are of immense worth to mangrove ecosystems owing to their adaptability to salinity and variable environmental conditions. Bacteria have a crucial role in the nutrient cycling of carbon and nitrogen as well as the biodegradation of hazardous industrial waste materials.
Methods: This work established the genetic-based molecular degradation of organic compounds in the mangrove ecosystem, which ultimately makes the availability of nutrients. As well as the effects of various abiotic factors on pyridine degradation to discover the pyridine degradation and the removal of ammonia nitrogen and the proposed nitrogen metabolism pathway.
Results: The novel bacterial strain NM1-A2 was isolated from mangrove sediments and, after 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis identified as Bacillus aryabhattai. NM1-A2 completely degraded pyridine within a 100 h incubation period at a temperature of 35 °C, an initial pH of 7.0, glucose and a pyridine concentration of 500 mg/L. The pseudo-first-order kinetics model described the pyridine biodegradation profile of NM1-A2 well. Interestingly, the strain achieved almost 100% pyridine degradation with a total organic carbon removal rate of 87.9% (from 377.52 ± 45.65 mg/L) within 96 h. Within 96 h, the pyridine ring in the total nitrogen fraction at the maximum concentration (55.31 ± 0.17 mg/L) was converted into NH4+-N at a conversion rate of 51.3% ± 2.39%. Notably, NM1-A2 displayed remarkable stability considering that its pyridine biodegradation activity declined by only 4% after three consecutive cycles (48 h each). Moreover, NM1-A2 possessed nrt-ABCD nitrate transport family and gltABCD operons that participate in the activities of glutamine and glutamate synthetase in NH4+ conversion in the nitrogen cycle.
Conclusion: This research offers a potential treatment strategy for pyridine in the mangrove ecosystem.
Effect of roxadustat on iron metabolism in patients with peritoneal dialysis: A real- world 24-week study
Authors: Zhang Xuejie , Jia Ruoyu , Zheng Zhifang , Jiang Luhua , Xu Yizhou , Raj Ashok , Sun Dong 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Roxadustat is an oral hypoxy inducing factor-prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor (HIF-PHI) that regulates iron metabolism in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) primarily by reducing hepcidin levels and mobilizing internal iron stores. More data are needed to demonstrate the efficacy of roxadustat in regulating iron metabolism in patients with peritoneal dialysis (PD) compared with erythropoiesis stimulating agents (ESAs).
Methods
This prospective cohort study enrolled PD patients with a mean hemoglobin level of 60 to 100 g/L. All subjects were randomized into two groups at a ratio of 2:1: the roxadustat group (106 cases), and the ESA group (53 cases). The primary endpoint was the change in the iron biomarker levels and the proportion of patients with absolute iron deficiency and functional iron deficiency.
Results
Compared with ESAs, roxadustat significantly decreased hepcidin level (difference,-20.09ng/mL; 95% CI, -30.26 to -9.92), attenuated the increase in serum soluble transferrin receptor (sTFR) level (difference, -7.87 nmol/L; 95% CI, -12.11 to -3.64), and reduced the proportion of patients with functional iron deficiency (roxadustat, 11.43%; ESA, 33.33%). There was no significant difference in safety of the two groups over the duration of the study.
Conclusions
Compared with ESA group, roxadustat group showed significant difffferences in all iron biomarker levels except serum ferritin (sFt) and transferrin saturation (TSAT). These results suggest that roxadustat was superior to ESAs as a therapy for iron metabolism in PD patients.
Trial registration:
This study completed Chinese Clinical Trial Registration on March 4,2022 (registration number: ChiCTR2200057231).
Assessment of bony changes in Temporomandibular joint in patients using cone beam computed tomography – A Cross sectional study
Authors: Vasegh Zahra , Safi Yaser , azar Maryam Sanaei , Ahsaie Mitra Ghazizadeh , Arianezhad S. Marjan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background and aim:
The aim of this study is to evaluate the changes in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) in patients with temporomandibular disorder (TMD) and the relationship between age, sex, and types of TMJ change using Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT).
Methods and material:
CBCT records of 200 patients (123 women and 67 men) were retrieved and assessed. Right and left TMJs were evaluated separately, resulting in a total of 400 TMJs. The images were analyzed using On demand 3D Application The radiographic findings were classified as erosion, proliferative changes mainly, including flattening and osteophytes of the condyle, sclerosis, Ely cyst, hypoplasia and hyperplasia of the condyles, ankylosis, and joint cavity. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics, paired T-tests, and repeated measure ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) in SPSS Software.
Results:
The most prevalent types of condylar bony changes observed was osteophyte (63.5%) followed by flattening of the articular surface (42%), erosion (40 %), ankylosis (10%) and sclerosis (10%). 7.5% of joints showed hyperplastic condyles but only 2% showed hypoplasia. The least prevalent change observed was Ely Cyst (1%). Osteophyte was the most prevalent change observed in all age groups and both sexes except for men aged 31~50, where flattening was more frequent. A statistically significant difference was found between sex and prevalence of erosion in the age group of 10~30 (P = 0.001); as well as between sex and condylar hyperplasia in the same age group.
Conclusion:
Based on the findings of this research, the prevalence of bony changes of TMJ from highest to lowest is as follows: osteophyte, flattening of the articular surface, erosion, ankylosis, sclerosis, hyperplastic condyles, hypoplastic condyles and Ely Cyst. CBCT is an accurate 3 dimensional imaging modality for assessment of TMJ bony structures.
Recurrent oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas maintain anti-tumor immunity and multinucleation levels following completion of radiation
Authors: Castro Patricia , Corredor Germán , Koyuncu Can , Nordstrom Luke A. , Tiji Michelle , Leavitt Taylor , Lewis James S. , Madabhushi Anant , Frederick Mitchell J. , Sandulache Vlad C. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objective: Oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) recurrence is almost universally fatal. Development of effective therapeutic options requires an improved understanding of recurrent OPSCC biology.
Methods: We analyzed paired primary-recurrent OPSCC from Veterans treated at the Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center between 2000 and 2020 who received curative intent radiation-based treatment (with or without chemotherapy). Patient tumors were analyzed using standard immunohistochemistry and automated imaging of infiltrating lymphocytes and multinucleated tumor cells coupled to machine learning algorithms.
Results:Primary and recurrent tumors demonstrated high concordance via p16 and p53 immunohistochemistry, with comparable levels of multinucleation. In contrast, recurrent tumors demonstrated significantly higher levels of CD8+ tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (p<0.05) and higher levels of PD-L1 expression (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Exposure to chemo-radiation and recurrence following treatment does not appear deleterious to underlying biological characteristics and anti-tumor immunity of oropharyngeal cancer, suggesting that novel treatment regimens may be as effective in the salvage setting as in the definitive intent setting.