bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A voice of experience: Positive and negative experiences of mental health from a service user's/lived experience perspective
Authors: Gray Benjamin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAccessible SummaryWhat is known on the subject?People with mental health problems are often left behind, forgotten and excludedLittle is known or written from a service user perspective about experiences of psychiatry, mental health nursing, Mental Health Tribunals and alternative approaches (such as counselling, peer support, psychological and recovery approaches, cognitive behavioural therapy—CBT and creative/art/music/drama/horticultural/dance therapies).What the paper adds to existing knowledge?This paper aims to remedy this gap in knowledgeIt focuses on positive and negative experiences of psychiatry, Mental Health Tribunals and alternative treatments from a service user's perspective.What are the implications for practice?The paper makes several recommendations. In brief, (1) psychiatrists need to listen more attentively rather than being focused on signs of psychosis; (2) de‐escalation techniques (for example, talking calmly with the patient) should be used by nurses before physical restraint; (3) psychiatry should be less biomedical. Nurses and social care professionals deserve better training, time for and practice in alternative and more therapeutic forms of care; (4) carers need to be more involved; (5) there need to be better, more democratic, more open processes of law; (6) voluntary work and supported employment schemes should be run by health and social services for people who want to work and want to have a vocational life.AbstractThis paper aims to describe the lived experience of mental illness, coercive treatment by psychiatry and mental health nursing, and the problematic case and bias of Mental Health Tribunals. It then looks at more positive experiences of alternative approaches and makes recommendations for improving mental health services and people's experiences of them.
Mineral, trace element, and toxic metal concentration in hair from dogs with idiopathic epilepsy compared to healthy controls
Authors: Rosendahl Sarah , Anturaniemi Johanna , Kukko‐Lukjanov Tiina‐Kaisa , Vuori Kristiina A. , Moore Robin , Hemida Manal , Muhle Anne , Hielm‐Björkman Anna 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundAltered trace element status is associated with epilepsy in humans and dogs with idiopathic epilepsy (IE).ObjectivesCompare hair element concentrations in epileptic and healthy dogs.AnimalsSixty‐three dogs with IE (53 treated, 10 untreated) and 42 controls.MethodsCase‐control study using ICP‐MS to determine hair calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, sodium, potassium, iron, copper, manganese, zinc, selenium, chromium, lead, mercury, cadmium, arsenic, aluminum, and nickel concentration. Groups were compared using nonparametric tests. Results were controlled for diet, sex, age, and hair color using generalized linear mixed models.ResultsCompared to healthy controls, dogs with IE had lower hair phosphorus (mean ± SD; IE: 286.19 ± 69.62 μg/g, healthy: 324.52 ± 58.69 μg/g; P = .001), higher hair copper (IE: 10.97 ± 3.51 μg/g, healthy: 8.41 ± 1.27 μg/g; P < .001), zinc (IE: 158.25 ± 19.64 μg/g, healthy: 144.76 ± 32.18 μg/g; P < .001), copper/zinc ratio (IE: 0.07 ± 0.02, healthy: 0.06 ± 0.01; P = .003), selenium (IE: 1.65 ± 0.43 μg/g, healthy: 0.94 ± 0.73 μg/g; P < .001), and arsenic (IE: 0.40 ± 0.78 μg/g, healthy: 0.05 ± 0.08 μg/g; P < .001). When comparing treated and untreated epileptic dogs with healthy dogs, the differences in phosphorus and selenium remained significant for both groups, whereas the differences in copper, zinc, and arsenic were significant only for treated dogs. Potassium bromide treatment was strongly associated with high hair arsenic (P = .000).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceAltered trace element status could be involved in the pathophysiology of IE in dogs. Antiseizure drugs might affect trace element and arsenic metabolism.
Hepatitis C screening and detection program in a large population: Epidemiological transition and characterization of the disease
Authors: Kershenobich David , Higuera‐de‐la Tijera Fatima , Flores Nayelli , Cerda‐Reyes Eira , Castro‐Narro Graciela , Aceves Guillermo , Ruiz‐Lujan Rodolfo , Ramos‐Medina Salvador , Linares Jesus , Azamar‐Alonso Amilcar , Mendez‐Navarro Jorge , Chirino‐Sprung Ruby 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIntroductionChronic hepatitis C (CHC) is considered an important public health challenge. Traditionally identified risk factors have undergone an epidemiological transition where other risk factors have become the main cause of new infections.ObjectiveTo describe risk factors associated to hepatitis C positivity through the evaluation of the epidemiological profile in hepatitis‐C high‐risk populations.MethodsCross‐sectional study was conducted as part of an HCV screening program in Mexican population. All participants answered an HCV risk‐factor questionnaire and took a rapid test (RT). All patients reactive to the test were subject to HCV PCR (polymerase chain reaction) confirmation. A logistic regression model was used to examine associations between HCV infection and risk factors.ResultsThe study included 297 631 participants that completed a risk factor questionnaire and underwent an HCV rapid test (RT). In total, 12 840 (4.5%) were reactive to RT and 9257 (3.2% of participants) were confirmed as positives by PCR test. Of these, 72.9% had at least one risk factor and 10.8% were in prison. Most common risk factors were history of acupuncture/tattooing/piercing (21%), intravenous drug use (15%) and high‐risk sexual practices (12%). Logistic regressions found that having at least one risk factor increased the probability of having an HCV‐positive result by 20% (OR = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.15–1.26), compared to the population without risk factors.ConclusionsWe identified 3.2% of HCV‐viremic subjects, all associated with risk factors and older age. Screening and diagnosis of HCV in high‐risk populations (including underserved populations) should be more efficient.
A case of catalepsy after multiple cerebral infarctions
Authors: Maeda Takuma , Okawara Mai , Osakabe Manabu , Yamaguchi Hiroyuki , Maeda Takahiro , Maeshima Shinichiro 
Published: April 2023

AbstractReports of stroke‐related catalepsy and other catatonia syndromes are rare. A 68‐year‐old man was admitted to a local hospital 10 days prior for heart failure. He subsequently developed multiple cerebral infarctions and was referred to our hospital for emergency care. He spontaneously opened his eyes but did not speak. He had hemiparesis on the right side. Diffusion‐weighted imaging revealed high‐intensity areas in the left frontal and parietal lobes and right cerebellar hemisphere. Rehabilitation therapy was initiated in the acute stage. When he was instructed to raise his left upper limb 90°, he maintained the posture for more than 5 min. We hypothesized that catatonia syndromes, including catalepsy, were caused by damage to the orbitofrontal, premotor, supplementary motor cortices, and basal forebrain. These abnormalities disappeared after 4 months. Catalepsy may also be observed in organic central nervous system diseases, such as stroke, and should be considered in stroke care.
Calcium concentration of drinking water to improve calcium intake: A simulation study
Authors: Cormick Gabriela , Romero Iris B. , Matamoros Natalia , Sosa Miriam , GugoleOttaviano M. Fernanda , Garitta Lorena , Belizán José M. , Gibbons Luz 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe risk of inadequate calcium intake is a worldwide problem. We performed a simulation exercise on the impact, effectiveness, and safety of increasing calcium levels in drinking water using the 2019 Health and Nutrition National Survey of Argentina, which provides water intake and water sources data at the individual level. We simulated the distribution of calcium intake assuming a calcium concentration of 100 mg of calcium per liter of tap water and 400 mg of calcium per liter of bottled water. After the simulation, all population groups had a slightly improved calcium intake. Higher impacts were observed in adults, as reported water intake was higher in adults 19–51 years old. In young adult women, the estimated calcium intake inadequacy decreased from 91.0% to 79.7% when calcium was increased in tap water and to 72.2% when calcium was increased in tap and bottled water. The impact was lower in adolescents and older adults who have higher calcium recommendations and reported lower water intake. Increased calcium concentration of water could improve calcium intake in Argentina, especially in adults as their reported water intake is higher. Combining more than one strategy to improve calcium intake might be required for countries like Argentina with low calcium intake.
Rethinking human cytomegalovirus latency reservoir
Authors: Schwartz Michal , Stern‐Ginossar Noam 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHuman cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a prevalent herpesvirus, infecting the majority of the human population. Like other herpesviruses, it causes lifelong infection through the establishment of latency. Although reactivation from latency can cause significant morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised hosts, our understanding of HCMV latency and how it is maintained remains limited. Here, we discuss the characterized latency reservoir in hematopoietic cells in the bone marrow and the gaps in our knowledge of mechanisms that facilitate HCMV genome maintenance in dividing cells. We further review clinical evidence that strongly suggests the tissue origin of HCMV reactivation, and we outline similarities to murine cytomegalovirus where latency in tissue‐resident cells has been demonstrated. Overall, we think these observations call for a rethinking of HCMV latency reservoirs and point to potential sources of HCMV latency that reside in tissues.
Poetical thanatosonics—from vibrating bodies to documentary poems, based on Polish wartime verse
Authors: Lisak‐Gębala Dobrawa 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBringing together the methodology of sound studies and literary criticism, this article examines multiple affordances of documentary poems that stage wartime sounds along with correlated somatic reactions and diverse modes of sonic affectivity. The conceptual tools are borrowed from the works of J. Martin Daughtry, who coined the term “thanatosonics” to render the unity of wartime violence and audial phenomena. Daughtry's model of wartime audition provides a comprehensive framework for the analysis of poems which can be treated as first‐hand testimonies originating from one of the following: “the trauma,” “tactical,” “narrational,” or “audible inaudible” zones. These testimonies can also be analyzed through the complementary scheme of affective zones that seizes the multitude of sonically triggered reactions, from the pure shock identifiable with a sudden burst of affect, through emergent emotions connected with survival skills, to elaborated patterns within the cultural politics of emotions. The positionality of the authors of thanatosonic verse is essential, and different measures have to be taken towards texts written by soldiers and non‐combatants (e.g., civilians, prisoners). The proposed methodology is applied to examine both traditional and avant‐garde poems written in Polish during World War II.
Early Maladaptive Schemas and Schema Modes in clinical disorders: A systematic review
Authors: Bär Andreas , Bär Hannah E. , Rijkeboer Marleen M. , Lobbestael Jill 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPurposeAlthough schema therapy has been predominantly applied to treat personality disorders, interest into its application in other clinical disorders is growing. Central to schema therapy are Early Maladaptive Schemas (EMS) and Schema Modes. Since existing EMS and Schema Modes were primarily developed in the context of personality disorders, their relevance for clinical disorders is unclear.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review of the presence of EMS and Schema Modes in clinical disorders according to DSM criteria. Per disorder, we evaluated which EMS and Schema Modes were more pronounced in comparison with clinical as well as non‐clinical control groups and which EMS and Schema Modes were most highly endorsed within the disorder.ResultsAlthough evidence concerning EMS was scarce for several disorders, and only few studies on Schema Modes survived inclusion criteria, we identified meaningful relationships and patterns for EMS and Schema Modes in various clinical disorders.ConclusionsThe present review highlights the relevance of EMS and Schema Modes for clinical disorders beyond personality disorders. Depending on the theme of the representation, EMS act as vulnerabilities both across diagnoses and for specific disorders. Thus, EMS and resulting Schema Modes are potential, valuable targets for the prevention and treatment of clinical disorders.
A case of conversion disorder presenting as chronic trismus
Authors: Merrill Robert L. , Goodman Donald , Chamani Goli , Shabani Mohammad 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTrismus can be the symptom of several diseases. For the most part, the inability to open the mouth is due to an articular disorder but occasionally, the cause may be extra‐articular. In this case, being reported, non‐articular hysterical trismus caused the jaw to lock in an 11‐year‐old boy for 3 months. During this period the jaw was completely locked and the locking was associated with moderate to severe pain. After three sessions of therapy the patient was able to open his mouth 33 mm and his eating was back to normal. Conversion disorders often present with dramatic physical presentation including trismus and jaw lock. This report highlights the importance of complete history taking and a thorough clinical examination to make a correct diagnosis in a patient with trismus.
Progress in Analytical Modeling of Water Hammer
Authors: Urbanowicz Kamil , Jing Haixiao , Bergant Anton , Stosiak Michał , Lubecki Marek 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Analytical formulas for laminar water hammer in horizontal pipes were extended and simplified into a compact mathematical form based on dimensionless parameters: dimensionless time, water hammer number, etc. Detailed treatment of turbulent water hammer analytical solutions is beyond the scope of this paper. In the Muto and Takahashi solution, novel Laplace and time domain formulas for flow velocity and wall shear stress were developed. A series of comparative studies of unified analytical solutions with numerical solutions and the results of measurements were carried out. The study shows that models that account for the frequency-dependent nature of hydraulic resistance agree very well with experimental results over a wide range of water hammer numbers Wh, particularly when Wh ≤ 0.1.
Vulvar reconstruction in post-RT case using the versatile VRAM flap: reporting the rare extrapelvic approach
Authors: Baruah Upasana , Tak Apoorva , Barmon Debabrata , Begum Dimpy 
Published: April 2023

Although primary vulvovaginal reconstruction following vulvectomy has a significant chance of improving patient outcomes, flap reconstruction is not a recognised component of the accepted standard of care for vulvar cancer. We provide a case of a patient who underwent successful vulvar reconstruction using the extrapelvic vertical rectus abdominis myocutaneous (VRAM) flap. This musculocutaneous flap offers adequate coverage and bulk to the perineal defect after excision in post-irradiated vulvar cancer.To proceed with sphincter-saving surgery, she was scheduled for neoadjuvant chemoradiation, as the lesion involved the urethra and perineal body. However, she experienced severe grade IV dermatitis after receiving 37 Gy of radiation. Though the lesion had reduced in size, it was still large enough to cause significant perineal deformity.We performed a vulvar reconstructive surgery using the uncommon but reliable extrapelvic VRAM flap. This well-vascularised VRAM flap is particularly useful in irradiated areas prone to poor healing. Postoperatively, the wound healed well and the patient underwent adjuvant therapy 6 weeks later. We emphasise the advantages of well-perfused muscle for the primary repair of prior irradiated perineal lesions.
Anal canal gastrointestinal stromal tumour (GIST)
Authors: Brucchi Francesco , Lauricella Sara , Bottero Luca , Faillace Giuseppe Giacomo 
Published: April 2023

SummaryGastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs) are malignant mesenchymal tumours that originate from the interstitial pacemaker cells of Cajal. They are particularly rare, comprising only 5% of all GISTs, and often present at an advanced stage. Treatment for these tumours is still a topic of debate due to their low incidence and insidious location. A woman in her mid-70s presented with rectal bleeding and anal discomfort. A 4.5×4 cm anal GIST was diagnosed. A local excision was performed and the patient was further treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors. At a 6-month follow-up, the MRI showed that she was disease free. Anorectal GISTs are unusual and tend to be aggressive. Surgical resection is the first-line treatment for primary, localised GISTs. However, the appropriate surgical technique for these tumours is still a topic of debate. Further studies are needed to fully understand the oncologic behaviour of these rare neoplasms.
Pirfenidone in fibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis: a double-blind, randomised clinical trial of efficacy and safety
Authors: Fernández Pérez Evans R , Crooks James L , Lynch David A , Humphries Stephen M , Koelsch Tilman L , Swigris Jeffrey J , Solomon Joshua J , Mohning Michael P , Groshong Steve D , Fier Kaitlin 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundFibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis (FHP) is an irreversible lung disease with high morbidity and mortality. We sought to evaluate the safety and effect of pirfenidone on disease progression in such patients.MethodsWe conducted a single-centre, randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial in adults with FHP and disease progression. Patients were assigned in a 2:1 ratio to receive either oral pirfenidone (2403 mg/day) or placebo for 52 weeks. The primary end point was the mean absolute change in the per cent predicted forced vital capacity (FVC%). Secondary end points included progression-free survival (PFS, time to a relative decline ≥10% in FVC and/or diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO), acute respiratory exacerbation, a decrease of ≥50 m in the 6 min walk distance, increase or introduction of immunosuppressive drugs or death), change in FVC slope and mean DLCO%, hospitalisations, radiological progression of lung fibrosis and safety.ResultsAfter randomising 40 patients, enrolment was interrupted by the COVID-19 pandemic. There was no significant between-group difference in FVC% at week 52 (mean difference −0.76%, 95% CI −6.34 to 4.82). Pirfenidone resulted in a lower rate of decline in the adjusted FVC% at week 26 and improved PFS (HR 0.26, 95% CI 0.12 to 0.60). Results for other secondary end points showed no significant difference between groups. No deaths occurred in the pirfenidone group and one death (respiratory) occurred in the placebo group. There were no treatment-emergent serious adverse events.ConclusionsThe trial was underpowered to detect a difference in the primary end point. Pirfenidone was found to be safe and improved PFS in patients with FHP.Trial registration mumberNCT02958917.
Ninety‐Day Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack Recurrence in Patients Prescribed Anticoagulation in the Emergency Department With Atrial Fibrillation and a New Transient Ischemic Attack or Minor Stroke
Authors: Wilson Graham , Sharma Mukul , Eagles Debra , Nemnom Marie‐Joe , Sivilotti Marco L. A. , Émond Marcel , Stiell Ian G. , Stotts Grant , Lee Jacques , Worster Andrew , Morris Judy , Cheung Ka Wai , Jin Albert Y. , Oczkowski Wieslaw J. , Sahlas Demetrios J. , Murray Heather E. , Mackey Ariane , Verreault Steve , Camden Marie Christine , Yip Samuel , Teal Philip , Gladstone David J. , Boulos Mark I. , Chagnon Nicolas , Shouldice Elizabeth , Atzema Clare , Slaoui Tarik , Teitlebaum Jeanne , Wells George A. , Nath Avik , Perry Jeffrey J. 
Published: April 2023

Background
For patients with atrial fibrillation seen in the emergency department (ED) following a transient ischemic attack (TIA) or minor stroke, the impact of initiating oral anticoagulation immediately rather than deferring the decision to outpatient follow‐up is unknown.

Methods and Results
We conducted a planned secondary data analysis of a prospective cohort of 11 507 adults in 13 Canadian EDs between 2006 and 2018. Patients were eligible if they were aged 18 years or older, with a final diagnosis of TIA or minor stroke with previously documented or newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation. The primary outcome was subsequent stroke, recurrent TIA, or all‐cause mortality within 90 days of the index TIA diagnosis. Secondary outcomes included stroke, recurrent TIA, or death and rates of major bleeding. Of 11 507 subjects with TIA/minor stroke, atrial fibrillation was identified in 11.2% (1286, mean age, 77.3 [SD 11.1] years, 52.4% male). Over half (699; 54.4%) were already taking anticoagulation, 89 (6.9%) were newly prescribed anticoagulation in the ED. By 90 days, 4.0% of the atrial fibrillation cohort had experienced a subsequent stroke, 6.5% subsequent TIA, and 2.6% died. Results of a multivariable logistic regression indicate no association between prescribed anticoagulation in the ED and these 90‐day outcomes (composite odds ratio, 1.37 [95% CI, 0.74–2.52]). Major bleeding was found in 5 patients, none of whom were in the ED‐initiated anticoagulation group.

Conclusions
Initiating oral anticoagulation in the ED following new TIA was not associated with lower recurrence rates of neurovascular events or all‐cause mortality in patients with atrial fibrillation.