bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heraclitus, Change and Objective Contradictionsin Aristotle’sMetaphysicsΓ
Authors: Vieira Celso 
Published: January 2023

AbstractInMetaphysicsΓ, Aristotle argues against those who seem to accept contradictions. He distinguishes between the Sophists, who deny the principle of non-contradiction through arguments, and the Natural Philosophers, whose physical investigations lead to the acceptance of objective contradictions. Heraclitus’ name appears throughout the discussion. Usually, he is associated with the discussion against the Sophists. In this paper, I explore how the discussion with the Natural Philosophers may illuminate both the interpretation of Heraclitus by Aristotle and Heraclitus’ own worldview. To refute the Natural Philosophers, Aristotle proposes a general reconstruction of their reasoning. Roughly, relying on sensory evidence (A1), they see that the same thing changes from one opposite to another (A2). Such a change appears to characterize a generation out of non-being, which a Natural Philosopher does not accept (A3). To solve the problem, despite their different worldviews, Natural Philosophers hint at a state in which opposites co-occur, characterizing an objective contradiction (C). Looking at the discussion inMetaphysics Γand Heraclitus fragments, sections 1–3 show how assumptions A1, A2, and A3 easily apply to Heraclitus. The case of the conclusion is more challenging. In the case of the Pluralists, the co-existence of opposites characterizes a state in which there is no generation. Such a view does not fit Heraclitus’ mobilism. To argue that Aristotle’s argument is general enough to encompass dynamic views, I examine his problematization of accepting the change of change inMetaphysicsKandPhysicsV. There, after re-stating several points that appear inMetaphysics Γ, Aristotle argues that accepting the becoming of another becoming leads to a state of contradiction in which the becoming is perishing. Heraclitus’ B8, cited inNicomachean Ethics, gives evidence that, for Aristotle, Heraclitus puts a process at the origin of an opposite process. Moreover, after examining the expression ‘living the death/dying the life’ in B62, I argue that Heraclitus was aware that his worldview implied a dynamic objective contradiction. Finally, an analysis of elemental changes in B36 proves that accepting objective contradictions does not make Heraclitus’ worldview less attractive.
Laser-Doppler- und Hitzdraht-Anemometrie-Messungen entlang V-förmiger angehobener Rippen in einem quadratischen Kanal
Authors: Ruck Sebastian , Arbeiter Frederik , Digel Leon 
Published: January 2023

Zusammenfassung
Der Einsatz von Rippenstrukturen auf Wärmetauscheroberflächen führt zu einer erhöhten Wärmeübertragung zwischen Arbeitsfluid und Komponentenwand. Eine Möglichkeit lokale Wärmeübertragungsminima infolge von stationär auftretenden Staupunkt- und Rezirkulationsströmungen hinter den Rippen zu vermindern bzw. zu vermeiden, bietet das Anheben der Rippen um kleine Abstände von der thermisch belasteten Wand. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird das anhand von Geschwindigkeitsmessungen mittels Laser-Doppler-Anemometrie (LDA) und Hitzdraht-Anemometrie (HWA) abgeleitete Strömungsbild einer turbulenten Strömung in einem einseitig mit angehobenen V-förmigen Rippen strukturierten Kanal bei einer (für Hochtemperaturanwendungen typischen) Reynolds-Zahl von Re

H
= 5,0 · 104 diskutiert. Das Rippenabstand-Rippenhöhe-Verhältnis war 9, die Verblockungsrate betrug 10% und das Spalthöhe-Rippenhöhe-Verhältnis lag bei 0,5. Die gemessenen mittleren Geschwindigkeitsverläufe und Reynolds-Spannungs-Verläufe deuten auf eine ausgeprägte Dreidimensionalität des Strömungsfeldes oberhalb und unterhalb der Rippe hin. Im Strömungsbereich oberhalb der Rippe bildet sich eine durch die Rippenanstellung induzierte Sekundärströmung aus. Der daraus result-ierende Fluidtransport in Querrichtung führt zu unterschiedlichen Entwicklungen der an den Rippenhinterkanten ablösenden Scherschichten, wodurch die Reynolds-Normal- und Scherspannungen erheblich in Querrichtung variieren. Durch das aus dem Rippenspalt austretende, aufwärtsgerichtete Fluid wird ein permanentes Wiederanlegen der abgelösten Scherschichten und somit das stationäre Auftreten von Staupunkt- und Rezirkulationsströmungen in Wandnähe verhindert. Darüber hinaus zeigt sich, dass als Folge der hohen Dreidimensionalität des Strömungsfelds und der Rippenreihenkonfiguration die Nachlaufströmung durch ein beim Ablösevorgang der Scherschichten einsetzenden instationären periodischen Strömungsvorgang bestimmt wird. Die Ergebnisse deuten darauf hin, dass der Einsatz von angehobenen V-förmigen Rippen als Strukturierungsmethode in Kanälen von Wärmetauschern, aufgrund der Vermeidung von Staupunktströmungen sowie einer intensiven konvektiven und turbulenten Durchmischung innerhalb des Rippenzwischenbereichs, zu einer hohen und über die Wärmeübertragungsfläche homogenisierten Wärmeübertragung führen könnten.
Detection of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii from burn patients and healthcare workers in Iran
Authors: Firoozeh Farzaneh , Bakhshi Fatemeh , Dadashi Masoud , Badmasti Farzad , Zibaei Mohammad , Omidinia Narges 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMultidrug-resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter baumannii is a serious global health threat. Burn patients are at high risk to acquire A. baumannii infections from endogenous sources. This study evaluated carbapenem resistance and clonal relatedness of A. baumannii isolated from burn patients and healthcare workers (HCWs).The study was performed in 100 non-duplicated A. baumannii isolates from nasal and hand samples of hospitalized burn patients and HCWs in two hospitals of Iran from June 2020 to August 2021. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed and carbapenemase genes were detected by PCR. Clonal relatedness of A. baumannii isolates was determined by two single-locus sequence-based typing of blaOXA-51-like and ampC and by multilocus sequence typing (MLST).All A. baumannii isolates were found to be MDR while susceptible to colistin. The intI1, conserved segments of class 1 integron (intI1 CS), blaIMP, blaVIM, blaOXA-51-like, and blaOXA-23-like, genes were detected in 32.5%, 29.1%, 36%, 95.3%, 100%, 100%; and 14.3%, 14.3%, 21.4%, 92.9%, 100%, and 85.7% of isolates from patients and from healthcare workers, respectively. The blaOXA-58, and blaOXA-143 were not detected among the isolates. Using dual-locus blaOXA-51-like and ampC sequence-based typing (SBT), the isolates obtained from nasal samples of burn patients were grouped into 3 clusters including blaOXA-317, blaADC-88 (72.1%); blaOXA-64, ampC-25 (18.6%); and blaOXA-69, ampC-1 (9.3%). While only allele type blaOXA-317, blaADC-88 was determined among isolates from HCWs. MLST results showed A. baumannii ST136, ST25, and ST1 from burn patients. However, A. baumannii strains from HCWs belonged to ST136. Our findings indicate high prevalence of globally spreading of MDR A. baumannii ST136 carrying blaOXA-23-like from nasal and hand samples of burn patients and HCWs.
Synthesis of nanocomposites reduced graphene oxide-silver nanoparticles prepared by hydrothermal technique using sodium borohydride as a reductor for photocatalytic degradation of Pb ions in aqueous solution
Authors: Ciptasari Nurhayati Indah , Handayani Murni , Kaharudin Caesart Leonardo , Afkauni Afif Akmal , Hatmanto Adhi Dwi , Anshori Isa , Maksum Ahmad , Riastuti Rini , Soedarsono Johny Wahyuadi 
Published: January 2023

Heavy metals are pollutants that are harmful to living things and the environment can be degraded by microbes or understood by other living things so that they can cause health problems. One of the heavy metals that is often found in wastewater is lead. Lead is widely used in the manufacture of batteries, metal products such as ammunition, cable coatings, Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) tubing, solder, chemicals and dyes
This use causes humans to be exposed to large amounts of lead. One method to deal with lead pollution is to use photocatalysts. Photocatalysts react with heavy metals and reduce them so that the level of toxicity becomes lower than before through photocatalytic reactions. In this study, synthesis of reduced graphene oxide/silver nanoparticle nanoparticles was performed by facile hydrothermal methods for photocatalytic degradation of Pb ion. The characterization results indicate that the synthesis has been successfully carried out. The successful result of rGO/AgNPs nanocomposites synthesis was proved by several techniques such as X-ray diffraction analysis, Raman, UV-Vis spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-Ray analysis (EDX). This indicates the presence of these groups in the graphene oxide and rGO/AgNPs samples, respectively. The resulting rGO/AgNPs nanocomposite has an absorbance peak at a wavelength of 267 nm. The diffraction peaks for nanocomposites rGO/AgNPs and their Miller indices were 38.08° (111), 44.16° (200), 64.44° (220), and 77.44° (311). The Raman spectra of rGO/AgNPs exhibits D bands at 1334,13 with intensity of 630,60 cm−1 and G band at 1594,61 with intensity of 477,29 cm−1. The ID/IG ratio rGO/AgNPs-NaBH4 is ~1,32. Furthermore, the photocatalytic activity test results showed that the rGO/AgNPs nanocomposite was able to reduce Pb2+ to Pb with a maximum exposure time of 1.5 hours
Development of the spectrophotometric method for the determination of metoprolol in tablets by using bromophenol blue
Authors: Horyn Mariana , Kryskiw Liubomyr , Kucher Tetyana , Poliak Olha , Zarivna Nadiya , Zahrychuk Hryhorii , Korobko Dmytro , Peleshok Kateryna , Logoyda Liliya 
Published: January 2023

The aim of the work was to develop a simple, economical and eco-friendly spectrophotometric method for determining metoprolol tartrate in tablets based on the reaction with bromophenol blue (BPB).
Material and methods: A double–beam Shimadzu UV-Visible spectrophotometer, with a spectral bandwidth of 1 nm wavelength accuracy ±0.5 nm, Model –UV 1800 (Japan), Software UV-Probe 2.62, and a pair of 1 cm matched quartz cells, was used to measure the absorbance of the resulting solution. All the chemicals were used in analytical reagent grade. Pharmacopeial standard samples of metoprolol tartrate and bromophenol blue (BPB) were provided by Sigma-Aldrich (≥ 98%, HPLC). The used dosage forms of metoprolol tartrate are tablets of Metoprolol 50 mg and 100 mg.
Results and discussion: The method of spectrophotometric determination of the quantitative content of metoprolol tartrate based on its reaction with BPB in a methanol solution has been developed. The stoichiometric ratios of the reactive components as 1:1 were obtained by the methods of continuous changes and the saturation method. The developed method of quantitative determination of metoprolol tartrate was validated. The linearity regression equation was y = 0.0373x + 0.0038, and the obtained correlation coefficient was R2=0.9984. A linear relationship was found between absorbance at λmax and concentration of metoprolol tartrate in the range of 9.56-15.02 µg/mL. The LOD and LOQ values were calculated to be 0.81 µg/mL and 2.67 µg/mL.
Conclusions. A simple, economical and eco-friendly spectrophotometric method has been developed for the quantitative determination of metoprolol tartrate in tablets based on the reaction with BPB. The developed method of quantitative determination of metoprolol tartrate was validated in accordance with the requirements of SPhU. We suggest our work with offered detailed and successful solutions for the mentioned aim with less sophisticated equipment for QC lab for routine manufacturing control
El humanismo trágico de Gabriel Marcel: el ser humano en un mundo roto
Authors: Urabayen Pérez Julia 
Published: January 2023

Este artículo presenta la filosofía de Marcel como una reflexión sobre el ser humano que es, en el
fondo, una forma de humanismo. Es, no obstante, un humanismo trágico, una visión del ser humano
como un ser digno que puede destruirse a sí mismo. Esta capacidad de envilecimiento es tal que ha
llevado a los seres humanos a vivir en un mundo roto. Sin embargo, la descripción que Marcel realiza
de la sociedad industrial occidentalizada no cae en el desanimo, pues a pesar de que no se dan las
condiciones óptimas, siempre es posible recuperar la sabiduría, el pensar capaz de ejercer un control
sobre la técnica. En este escrito se describirá la filosofía concreta del francés, se pasará a su visión
del ser humano y se concluirá con la exposición de su análisis de la crisis que está padeciendo el ser
humano agónico tras la muerte de Dios
Schopenhauer: sobre individuos y sociedad
Authors: Carrillo Castillo Lucy 
Published: January 2023

Sostenemos que la filosofía moral de Schopenhauer es una crítica a la sociedad, que puede ser considerada desde dos perspectivas. Por un lado, desde los fundamentos del pesimismo metafísico donde encuentra apoyo su crítica al Estado, las convenciones y los prejuicios, en suma, de lo que Schopenhauer llama el egoísmo fundamental de la condición humana (1. El concepto schopenhaueriano de filosofía. 2. El carácter crítico de su filosofía moral). Pero, por otra parte, lo que se pudiera llamar su esfuerzo por pensar una conciliación dialéctica entre vita activa et vita contemplativa, donde el sentido ético de su filosofía encuentra una indicación de sus posibilidades en la consideración de la estética (3. El concepto de la compasión. 4. La actualidad de Schopenhauer).
¿Qué es una teoría pragmática de la significación?
Authors: Wellmer Albrecht , Montoya Peláez Jorge 
Published: January 2023

¿Qué quiere decir comprender una manifestación? Una respuesta evidente y plausible a primera vista sería: Quiere decir comprender lo que dice un hablante y cómo piensa lo que dice. El sentido de una manifestación se comprende aquí como el resultado de dos fuerzas: la de la significación de una oración y la de la intención de un hablante que quiere decir (hacer comprender) algo.
Evaluación del cumplimiento del código de buenas prácticas (CBP) para la divulgación de información financiera en internet de AECA, en las 100 empresas más grandes de Colombia
Authors: Sanz Santolaria Carlos Javier , Ardila Liévano Carolina 
Published: January 2023

cada vez son más las empresas que comienzan a presentar su información financiera a través de Internet. En la mayoría de los casos lo hacen sin seguir ningún parámetro o reglaespecífica que les garantice una correcta presentación, lo cual, lógicamente, puede llegar a generar problemas de diversa índole. En esta investigación se pretende evaluar el grado de cumplimiento que tienen las principales empresas colombianas respecto del Código de Buenas Prácticas (CBP)para la divulgación de Información Financiera en Internet, emitido por la Asociación Española de Contabilidad y Administración de Empresas (AECA). En el logro de este propósito se ha efectuado una identificación y medición del grado de presencia en Internet que tienen las empresas másgrandes del país y, seguidamente, se han identificado los contenidos que presentan dichas unidades económicas en sus sitios web.
¿Es la contabilidad una disciplina objetiva?
Authors: Montoya Giraldo Bibiana 
Published: January 2023

La contabilidad se concibe en la sociedad como una disciplina objetiva que tiene por función reconocer, medir y revelar los hechos económicos que se configuran en el ámbito empresarial. Desde dicha percepción esta disciplina no incide en la configuración de la realidad social; no obstante, cuando se tiene una mirada reflexiva sobre las imágenes que existen en la esfera social sobre la contabilidad, se evidencia que el verdadero poder de este campo del conocimiento reside en su capacidad de influir, a través de su representación, en la subjetividad de los agentes, debido a la gran confianza que tiene la sociedad en la información contable. Por ello, este texto en su primera parte problematiza la idea de contabilidad objetiva y en un segundo apartado plantea que la contabilidad impulsa una visión de mundo e influye en gran medida sobre la subjetividad de sus estudiantes, aunque dicha influencia sea difícil de percibir. De esta manera, se invita a la reflexión sobre la función social del conocimiento contable y sobre el compromiso de la comunidad estudiantil para lograr cambios que propicien una mejor sociedad.
Classification of Valuable Minerals and other Natural Formations for the Purpose of Qualifying their Illicit Trafficking
Authors: Zhevlakov E. I. 
Published: January 2023

The article deals with the relevance of minerals and other natural formations to the subject of crimes, expressed in the illegal circulation of precious, semi-precious, colored ornamental stones from the standpoint of gemology, mineralogy, criminal and other legislation, science, and related problems of qualifying such crimes. Suggestions of a theoretical nature are made to improve the criminal legislation and the practice of its application. Responsibility for illegal trafficking of minerals and other natural formations that have increased value in the eyes of society is established by Articles 191, 192, 255 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation (both in Part 1 and Part 2 of this article, containing independent main elements of the crime). They can also be the subject of embezzlement (Articles 158—164 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation), acquisition or sale of property knowingly obtained by criminal means (Article 175 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation) and some other crimes.
Efficacy and safety of carbamide peroxide tooth-whitening gels
Authors: M. Asaad Yasmin , T. Alshammari Sultan , M. S. Faloudah Ahlam , M. Alwabel Taghreed , S. Alhazmi Maryam , H. Almalki Nadiyah , E. Almalki Hussam , W. Alturki Moayad , A. Alnasser Faten , K. Subayt Abdulaziz 
Published: January 2023

Carbamide and hydrogen peroxide are the most frequently utilized compounds for various whitening techniques, that differ as per peroxide level, method of administration, and exposure period, when it comes to the active solutions accessible for important tooth whitening. The 10±1% carbamide peroxide dosage was the only level to date to acquire the American Dental Association's stamp of approval, ensuring its safety and effectiveness for at-home tooth whitening with customized trays. There has been a noticeable growth in the range of in-office tooth whitening compounds commercially available, which typically use elevated carbamide peroxide levels (30 to 37%) with or without an additional illumination. Even though tooth sensitivity appears to be the most frequent side effect of carbamide peroxide bleaching, discomfort goes away when the plan of care is finished. Sensitivity is typically linked to a background of sensitive teeth, greater administration rate, or use of greater carbamide peroxide levels. Additionally, studies have showed that using 10% carbamide peroxide at home to lighten teeth had comparable effectiveness to other methods (over the counter or in-office whitening). Patients generally prefer home vital bleaching with 10% carbamide peroxide to office procedures with 35% hydrogen peroxide. When comparing the safety utilizing 16% carbamide peroxide for nightguard vital bleaching to a placebo or 10% carbamide peroxide, patients receiving 16% reported higher gingival soreness than those administered a 10% carbamide peroxide or a placebo.
Szanse i zagrożenia w procesie wychowawczym w rodzinie patchworkowej. Studium rodziny zrekonstruowanej
Authors: Skarbek Karolina , Kierzkowska Małgorzata 
Published: January 2023

Zarówno w Polsce, jak i na świecie zjawiskiem powszechnym jest rosnący odsetek rodzin zrekonstruowanych, w literaturze przedmiotu nazywanych także rodzinami patchworkowymi. W skład takiego modelu rodziny wchodzi para dorosłych wychowująca dzieci partnera z poprzedniego związku, dziecko wspólne, a także rodzic biologiczny, który na co dzień funkcjonuje poza podstawowym systemem rodzinnym. W procesie tworzenia rodziny patchworkowej ma miejsce nie tylko zespolenie różnych osób, ale także ich przekonań, nawyków, doświadczeń, jakie wnoszą do tej nowej relacji. Budowanie spójnej rodziny patchworkowej jest procesem długotrwałym i wymagającym. Oprócz analizowania wielu zagrożeń i trudności, niewątpliwie należy spojrzeć, jak taki układ rodzinny uczy tolerancji i odpowiedzialności. W artykule zostaną zaprezentowane wyniki fragmentu badań, których głównym celem było poznanie relacji rodzinnych oraz oddziaływań wychowawczych w badanych rodzinach patchworkowych z punktu widzenia poszczególnych członków tych złożonych systemów. Badanie było przeprowadzone w strategii badań jakościowych w paradygmacie interpretatywnym, wykorzystując metodę indywidualnych przypadków. Na przykładzie rodziny Państwa M. omówione został mocne i słabe strony oddziaływań wychowawczych w rodzinie patchworkowej.
The formation of a nation: The case of bosnian muslims
Authors: Görmez Ayça Berna 
Published: January 2023

This study examines the process of the formation of Bosniak nation. Ethno-symbolist approach to nationalism is taken as the basis of the study in evaluating the formation of the Bosniak nation due to the fact that ethno-symbolists argue that nationalism is a modern phenomenon but the origins of the nations can be traced back to the ethnicity. They emphasize the importance of subjective elements such as myth of common ancestry, shared culture and values in constituting nation. In this study it is argued that there are three turning points in the history of Bosnian Muslims that led to the formation of the Bosniak nation. These are Austro-Hungarian occupation of Bosnia in 1878, the recognition of Bosnian Muslims as a separate nationality in 1968 and Bosnian war between 1992 and 1995. In this study, these turning points and their relevance for the formation of nation is analyzed through an ethno-symbolist perspective.
Keywords: Bosnian Muslims, ethno-symbolism, Bosniak, nationalism
Symmetric trapezoidal approximations of fuzzy numbers under a general condition
Authors: Lin Hsin-Ting 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The symmetric triangular approximation under a general condition was first proposed by Ban and Coroianu 2016. Ban and Coroianu completed the calculation and provided a computational formula. However, symmetric trapezoidal approximation cannot be deduced from their conclusions. The aim of this paper is to continue and foster the development of this topic. The calculation for the symmetric trapezoidal approximations of a fuzzy number under a general condition will be completed in this paper. Some applications related with value, expected value and ambiguity, which are important parameters, are given too. Numerical examples are given and the quantitative improvement in approximation is also addressed.