bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A critical examination of the 2016 Code of Corporate Governance of Mauritius and its enshrinement in the Companies Act 2001
Authors: Mahadew Bhavna 
Published: September 2023

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to provide for critical literature on the legal aspects of corporate governance and their application in Mauritius. The drawbacks of having the principles in the form of a non-binding code are discussed, and a case is made to consider their enshrinement in laws such as the Companies Act 2001 to render them legally enforceable for the good health of companies in Mauritius.

Design/methodology/approach
A doctrinal legal methodology has been adopted to assess the effectiveness of the principles of the 2016 Code of Corporate Governance of Mauritius. Legislations, legal texts, case law and regulations are used to conduct this assessment. In addition, a black-letter approach is taken while discussing the enshrinement of the principles in the Companies Act 2001 of Mauritius. The doctrinal methodology is further supported by a qualitative analysis of the principles of corporate governance based on existing legal literature, which emphasises their relevance and importance.

Findings
The principles of the 2016 Code of Corporate Governance are no doubt a progress over the former 2004 Code in various aspects, aligning the Code with the requirements of the OECD. However, there are still certain loopholes that have been highlighted. In addition, the extent to which these principles are reflected in the Companies Act, which is the primary legislation for companies, has been found to be lacking and inadequate.

Originality/value
This paper is, to the best of the author’s knowledge, the first legal literature concerning the Mauritian legal framework on corporate governance. This is relevant because the country has recently experienced corporate collapses, which could arguably have been avoided with the application of the principles of corporate governance. As such, the paper will present a case study that can be used as a reference for future research on the enforceability and justiciability of these principles.
Informal learning from dealing with software-related problems in the digital workplace
Authors: Leiß Tamara Vanessa , Rausch Andreas 
Published: September 2023

Purpose
This paper aims to examine the impact of problem-solving activities, emotional experiences and contextual and personal factors on learning from dealing with software-related problems in everyday office work.

Design/methodology/approach
To measure the use of problem-solving activities, emotional experiences and the contextual factors of problem characteristics and learning in situ, a research diary was used. To measure team psychological safety (contextual factor) and personal factors, including the Big Five personality traits, occupational self-efficacy and technology self-efficacy, the authors administered a self-report questionnaire. In sum, 48 students from a software company in Germany recorded 240 diary entries during five working days. The data was analysed using multilevel analysis.

Findings
Results revealed that asking others and using information from the internet are positive predictors of self-perceived learning from a software-related problem, while experimenting, which was the most common activity, had a negative effect on learning. Guilt about the problem was positively related to learning while working in the office (as opposed to remote work), and feeling irritated/annoyed/angry showed a negative effect. Surprisingly, psychological safety had a negative effect on perceived learning.

Research limitations/implications
Major limitations of the study concern the convenience sample and the disregard for the sequence of the activities.

Originality/value
This study contributes to the limited empirical evidence on employees’ problem-solving activities and informal workplace learning in the software context. To overcome the shortcomings of previous studies using retrospective assessments and in-lab observations, this study uses the diary method to investigate in situ.
Unlocking sustainable success: exploring the impact of transformational leadership, organizational culture, and CSR performance on financial performance in the Italian manufacturing sector
Authors: Ahsan Muhammad Junaid 
Published: September 2023

PurposeThis study aims to investigate how organizational culture (OC) and transformational leadership (TL) affect corporate social responsibility (CSR) performance (environmental performance and social performance) and financial performance (FP) in the context of the Italian manufacturing sector. Grounded in resource-based view theory, this study explores how these factors influence sustainable firm performance.Design/methodology/approachData gathered from 260 employees were analyzed to examine the multidimensional aspects of CSR, encompassing social and environmental sustainability.FindingsThe findings highlight the pressing need for sustainable firm performance in the existing environment, supporting the hypothesis that firms achieve sustainable and FP through the recognition of TL and OC. Moreover, a positive and significant relationship between CSR performance and FP was established, underscoring the strategic importance of integrating CSR initiatives into core business practices. This study offers valuable insights for both academia and firms, providing theoretical and practical implications that underscore the importance of cultivating a robust OC to drive performance enhancements.Originality/valueThis study is novel because it is one of the first, to the best of the author’s knowledge, to analyze the relationships between TL, OC and performance components associated with CSR.
Efficacy of autologous dermal sheath cup cell transplantation in male and female pattern hair loss: A Single‐Arm, Multi‐Center, phase III equivalent clinical study
Authors: Harada Kazutoshi , Ohyama Manabu , Niiyama Shiro , Irisawa Ryokichi , Mae Kenichiro , Mori Miho , Wakimoto Hiroko , Kinoshita‐Ise Misaki , Fukuyama Masahiro , Hayakawa Reina , Takagi Masaya , Yamazaki Masako , Miyoshi Mami , Nishikawa Saori , Sato Seiji , Nakazawa Yosuke , Sugimoto Takaki , Ogo Masashi , Tsuboi Ryoji 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA previous, proof‐of‐concept clinical study suggested that dermal sheath cup cell injections into the affected areas of male/female pattern hair loss (PHL) may have some amelioratory effects, the clinical efficacy of which needs further examination. A phase III equivalent clinical study was conducted to further probe the therapeutic potential of this novel approach and verify its safety and efficacy in improving the appearance of PHL. Thirty‐six participants with PHL were injected with dermal sheath cup cell harvested from non‐affected occipital hair follicles twice in quarterly intervals. Global photographic assessment and phototrichogram were performed in a blinded manner. Patient‐reported outcomes were assessed for 12 months. On global photographic assessment, 30% of the participants showed improvement. The analysis of phototricogram data detected the increases in the cumulative hair diameter, hair cross‐sectional area, and mean hair diameter of 107.6 ± 152.6 μm/cm2, 13069.1 ± 10960.7 μm2/cm2, and 0.9 ± 0.9 μm (ratios vs. baseline: +1.4%, +3.4%, and +2.2%), respectively. The female and high terminal hair ratio groups achieved better improvement. Of the total participants, 62.9% noted some degree of improvement. No serious adverse events were detected. This novel approach exhibited visible effects while ensuring safety and patient satisfaction. Therefore, it holds promise as a possible therapeutic option for treating PHL, especially in women.
A case of fatal overdose involving both hydromorphone and kratom
Authors: Shi Thomas , Shea Jennifer L. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractKratom is a plant originating in Southeast Asia that has been used for its dose‐dependent stimulant and opioid effects. The main active compound in kratom is mitragynine, an alkaloid with affinity for the mu‐opioid receptor. Toxicity and fatalities related to kratom use have increased substantially in recent years. In this case report, we describe a 44‐year‐old man who was found deceased in bed. The only significant finding at autopsy was abdominal distension with >4 L of ascites. Toxicology testing was performed on femoral blood which showed 79 ng/mL of hydromorphone, 560 ng/mL of mitragynine, and 240 ng/mL of olanzapine. In addition, creatinine and urea in vitreous humor were significantly elevated, consistent with renal impairment. Death was attributed to hydromorphone toxicity with mitragynine being a contributing factor.
Effect of dielectric barrier discharge nonthermal plasma treatment on physicochemical, nutritional, and phytochemical quality attributes of pineapple [Ananas comosus (L.)] juice
Authors: Pipliya Sunil , Kumar Sitesh , Srivastav Prem Prakash 
Published: September 2023

AbstractForward feed multilayered perception and central composite rotatable design were used to model the nonthermal plasma (NTP) experimental data in artificial neural network (ANN) and response surface methodology, respectively. The ANN was found to be more accurate in modeling the experimental dataset. The NTP process parameters (voltage and time) were optimized for pineapple juice within the range of 25–45 kV and 120–900 s using an ANN coupled with the genetic algorithm (ANN‐GA). After 176 generations of GA, the ANN‐GA approach produced the optimal condition, 38 kV and 631 s, and caused the inactivation of peroxidase (POD) and bromelain by 87.24% and 51.04%, respectively. However, 100.32% of the overall antioxidant capacity and 89.96% of the ascorbic acid were maintained in the optimized sample with a total color change (ΔE) of less than 1.97 at all plasma treatment conditions. Based on optimal conditions, NTP provides a sufficient level of POD inactivation combined with excellent phenolic component extractability and high antioxidant retention. Furthermore, plasma treatment had an insignificant effect (p > 0.05) on the physicochemical attributes (pH, total soluble solid, and titratable acidity) of juice samples. From the intensity peak of the Fourier‑transform infrared spectroscopy analysis, it was found that the sugar components and phenolic compounds of plasma‐treated juice were effectively preserved compared to the thermal‐treated juice.
Symbioses of alvinocaridid shrimps from the South West Pacific: No chemosymbiotic diets but conserved gut microbiomes
Authors: Methou Pierre , Cueff‐Gauchard Valérie , Michel Loïc N. , Gayet Nicolas , Pradillon Florence , Cambon‐Bonavita Marie‐Anne 
Published: September 2023

AbstractRimicaris exoculata shrimps from hydrothermal vent ecosystems are known to host dense epibiotic communities inside their enlarged heads and digestive systems. Conversely, other shrimps from the family, described as opportunistic feeders have received less attention. We examined the nutrition and bacterial communities colonising ‘head’ chambers and digestive systems of three other alvinocaridids—Rimicaris variabilis, Nautilocaris saintlaurentae and Manuscaris sp.—using a combination of electron microscopy, stable isotopes and sequencing approaches. Our observations inside ‘head’ cavities and on mouthparts showed only a really low coverage of bacterial epibionts. In addition, no clear correlation between isotopic ratios and relative abundance of epibionts on mouthparts could be established among shrimp individuals. Altogether, these results suggest that none of these alvinocaridids rely on chemosynthetic epibionts as their main source of nutrition. Our analyses also revealed a substantial presence of several Firmicutes and Deferribacterota lineages within the foreguts and midguts of these shrimps, which closest known lineages were systematically digestive symbionts associated with alvinocaridids, and more broadly for Firmicutes from digestive systems of other crustaceans from marine and terrestrial ecosystems. Overall, our study opens new perspectives not only about chemosynthetic symbioses of vent shrimps but more largely about digestive microbiomes with potential ancient and evolutionarily conserved bacterial partnerships among crustaceans.
The predictive ability of tax contingencies for future income tax cash outflows
Authors: Ciconte William A. , Donohoe Michael P. , Lisowsky Petro , Mayberry Michael A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPrior research shows that contingent liabilities do not accurately predict future cash payments due to the managerial discretion afforded by accounting standards. We examine the extent to which current accounting guidance for a material contingent liability—the reserve for unrecognized tax benefits (UTBs) under Financial Interpretation No. 48 (FIN 48)—generates accruals that are predictive of future income tax cash outflows. We document that UTBs fully unwind as cash tax payments over the subsequent 5 years, suggesting that managers, on average, accurately incorporate their expectations of future tax liabilities. This result persists for firms that are (1) most affected by the implementation of FIN 48, (2) unable to impound detection risk into their reserves, (3) engaged in relatively more ex ante tax avoidance, (4) suspected to have engaged in earnings management through the tax accounts, and (5) subject to plausibly exogenous shocks to tax reporting. Overall, our results suggest that current accounting guidance under FIN 48 for contingent tax liabilities enables managers to accurately report, and financial statement users to reliably predict, future cash obligations.
Genocide‐time: Political violence reckoning in Rwanda
Authors: Nsabimana Natacha 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis article looks at how political violence in Rwanda, that of the genocide against Tutsi in 1994 and beyond, is remembered, narrated, and embedded in everyday sociality. It makes two related arguments. Taking the aftermath of Rwanda's Gacaca courts (a transitional justice mechanism implemented between 2005 and 2012) as my point of entry, I argue first that violence, though narrated as past in these courts, is imagined as returning in the future, and the present is the space to prepare for this inevitable return. This structuring temporal logic, or genocide‐time, undergirds everyday social relations between the protagonists of Gacaca courts years after their official end. Second, both survivors and perpetrators of the genocide claim forms of racialized victimhood, a legacy of European imperial categorizations of Rwandans into Hutus and Tutsis. Genocide‐time signals a temporal moment in which ethnic categories, crucial for colonial management, become racialized and deeply entangled with political violence. Shared claims to racialized victimhood today, I argue, index this longer history.
Rubbish sick and the dancing devil
Authors: Taylor John P. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHow are the historically fraught contexts of alterity that define postcolonial settings generated and negotiated in the context of medical uncertainty? What role does narrative play in the lived experience of such uncertainty and alterity? Focusing on a single “diagnostic odyssey” of childhood illness, this article examines the relationship between chronic uncertainty, alterity, and narrative sensemaking in the highly dynamic and pluralistic healthcare setting of Vanuatu. It demonstrates how close examination of cultural metaphors relating to sickness can reveal deep insights into the lived experience of illness, health seeking, and caregiving. In doing so, it highlights the role of narrative in rendering otherwise unfathomable circumstances sensible on cultural and existential terms, including by engendering a sense of intersubjective stability in the face of trauma.
Tertiary lymphoid structure and neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio coordinately predict outcome of pembrolizumab
Authors: Komura Kazumasa , Tokushige Satoshi , Ishida Mitsuaki , Hirosuna Kensuke , Yamazaki Shogo , Nishimura Kazuki , Ajiro Masahiko , Ohno Takaya , Nakamori Keita , Kinoshita Shoko , Tsujino Takuya , Maenosono Ryoichi , Yoshikawa Yuki , Takai Tomoaki , Tsutsumi Takeshi , Taniguchi Kohei , Tanaka Tomohito , Takahara Kiyoshi , Inamoto Teruo , Hirose Yoshinobu , Ono Fumihito , Shiraishi Yuichi , Yoshimi Akihide , Azuma Haruhito 
Published: September 2023

AbstractEmerging evidence suggests that the presence of tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) and neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in peripheral blood is associated with the treatment response to checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs), whereas there is limited knowledge regarding whether these factors reciprocally impact the treatment outcomes of CPIs in metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC). Herein, we investigated treatment outcomes of platinum‐refractory mUC patients (50 cases with whole‐exome and transcriptome sequencing) treated with pembrolizumab. The pathological review identified 24% of cases of TLS in the specimens. There was no significant difference in the NLR between the TLS− and TLS+ groups (p = 0.153). In the lower NLR group, both overall survival and progression‐free survival were significantly longer in patients with TLS than in those without TLS, whereas the favorable outcomes associated with TLS were not observed in patients in the higher NLR group. We explored transcriptomic differences in UC with TLS. The TLS was comparably observed between luminal (20%) and basal (25%) tumor subtypes (p = 0.736). Exploring putative immune‐checkpoint genes revealed that ICOSLG (B7‐H2) was significantly increased in tumors with lower NLR. KRT expression levels exhibited higher basal cell markers (KRT5 and KRT17) in the higher NLR group and lower differentiated cell markers (KRT8 and KRT18) in patients with TLS. In conclusion, the improved outcomes of pembrolizumab treatment in mUC are restricted to patients with lower NLR. Our findings begin to elucidate a distinct molecular pattern for the presence of TLS according to the NLR in peripheral blood.
Efficacy of dupilumab in patients with uncontrolled, moderate‐to‐severe asthma with fungal sensitization
Authors: Corren Jonathan , Hanania Nicola A. , Busse William W. , Sher Lawrence D. , Altincatal Arman , Hardin Megan , Mannent Leda P. , Amin Nikhil , Lederer David J. , Soler Xavier , Jacob‐Nara Juby A. , Rowe Paul J. , Deniz Yamo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundFungal sensitization (FS) exacerbates asthma in patients who have elevated type 2 inflammatory response. Dupilumab, a fully human monoclonal antibody, blocks the shared receptor component for interleukin (IL)‐4 and IL‐13, key and central drivers of type 2 inflammation in multiple diseases.ObjectiveThis post hoc analysis, funded by the manufacturers of dupilumab, was conducted to assess dupilumab efficacy in patients from the phase 3 LIBERTY ASTHMA QUEST trial (NCT02414854) and TRAVERSE open‐label extension (NCT02134028) study who had uncontrolled, moderate‐to‐severe asthma with type 2 inflammatory phenotype (defined as blood eosinophil count ≥150 cells/μL or FeNO ≥25 ppb) and with FS (defined as IgE specific to Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus fumigatus or Cladosporium herbarum >0.35 IU/mL).MethodsWe evaluated annualized rate of severe exacerbations (AER), change from baseline in pre‐bronchodilator (BD) forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), asthma control (per 5‐item Asthma Control Questionnaire [ACQ‐5]) and biomarker levels (blood eosinophil count, fractional exhaled nitric oxide [FeNO], total IgE, fungal‐specific IgEs, thymus and activation‐regulated chemokine [TARC] and eotaxin‐3).ResultsDupilumab vs. placebo reduced AER, improved pre‐BD FEV1 and asthma control (ACQ‐5), and reduced serum IgE levels, blood eosinophil count, TARC, eotaxin‐3 and FeNO in patients both with and without FS after 52 weeks of treatment in QUEST. Reductions in asthma exacerbation rates and improvements in all other variables were sustained over the TRAVERSE open‐label extension study.ConclusionDupilumab demonstrated efficacy during prolonged treatment in patients with uncontrolled, moderate‐to‐severe asthma with FS.
2‐Hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA): A clinical review of contact allergy and allergic contact dermatitis—Part 1. Introduction, epidemiology, case series and case reports
Authors: de Groot Anton C. , Rustemeyer Thomas 
Published: September 2023

Abstract2‐Hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) has been increasingly recognised as a contact allergen and was added to the European baseline series in 2019. In this article (2 parts), the results of an extensive literature review of the clinical aspects of contact allergy/allergic contact dermatitis to HEMA are presented. In part 1, the epidemiology of HEMA contact allergy is discussed and detailed information on published case series and case reports presented. HEMA is an important cause of contact allergy/allergic contact dermatitis in North America and Europe with recent prevalences of >3% in the USA + Canada and 1.5%–3.7% in Europe. Currently, most cases are caused by nail cosmetics, both in consumers and professional nail stylists. In our literature review, we have found 24 studies presenting case series of patients with allergic contact dermatitis attributed to HEMA and 168 case reports. However, the presence of HEMA in the products causing ACD was established in only a minority. Part 2 will discuss cross‐ and co‐sensitisation, and other skin reactions to HEMA, will assess whether HEMA is the most frequent (meth)acrylate allergen and how sensitive HEMA as a screening agent is, investigate the presence of HEMA in commercial products and provide practical information on patch testing procedures.
Liver transplantation for post‐COVID‐19 cholangiopathy: A case series
Authors: Sambommatsu Yuzuru , Mouch Charles , Kulkarni Anand V. , Bruno David A. , Eslami Mehdi , Imai Daisuke , Lee Seung Duk , Khan Aamir A. , Sharma Amit , Saeed Muhammad , Cotterell Adrian H. , Levy Marlon F. , Morales Megan K. , Montenovo Martin I. , Rao Padaki N. , Reddy Raghuram , Menon Balachandran , Kumaran Vinay 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundPost‐COVID‐19 cholangiopathy is an emerging cholestatic liver disease observed in patients recovering from severe COVID‐19 infection. Its prognosis is poor, necessitating liver transplantation in some cases. This study aimed to investigate the outcomes of liver transplantation for post‐COVID‐19 cholangiopathy.MethodsSeven patients who underwent liver transplantation for post‐COVID‐19 cholangiopathy at three institutions between 2020 and 2022 were included in this retrospective multi‐center case series.ResultsAt the time of initial COVID‐19 infection, all patients developed acute respiratory distress syndrome, and six patients (86%) required ICU admission. Median time intervals from the initial COVID‐19 diagnosis to the diagnosis of post‐COVID‐19 cholangiopathy and liver transplantation were 4 and 12 months, respectively. Four patients underwent living donor liver transplantation, and three patients underwent deceased donor liver transplantation. The median MELD score was 22 (range, 10–38). No significant intraoperative complications were observed. The median ICU and hospital stays were 2.5 and 12.5 days, respectively. One patient died due to respiratory failure 5 months after liver transplantation. Currently, the patient and graft survival rate is 86% at a median follow‐up of 11 months.ConclusionsLiver transplantation is a viable option for patients with post‐COVID‐19 cholangiopathy with acceptable outcome. Timely identification of this disease and appropriate management, including evaluation for liver transplantation, are essential.