bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Asymmetrical Ligand Substitution on the Formation, Stability, and Reactivity of Ruthenium(III)‐Hypochlorite Complexes
Authors: Panwar Payal , Rawat Shreya , Yadav Rolly , He Jason Z. , Wong Henrik P. H. , Sastri Chivukula V. , de Visser Sam P. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractHypohalites are commonly generated in biological systems, mostly with functions related to defense and immune system response. These hypohalites can bind to metal centers and are known for their strong oxidizing properties that play crucial roles in various biological processes. Herein, we report the synthesis, characterization and reactivity of novel biomimetic Ru(III)‐hypochlorite complexes and focus the work on the electronic effects associated with the incorporation of methyl groups in a pentadentate ligand framework in an asymmetric fashion. The intermediates are stable at room temperature and were characterized by mass spectrometry, UV‐vis absorption, resonance Raman and EPR spectroscopy. We show for the first time that the resultant ruthenium‐hypochlorite adducts function as an electrophilic oxidant and efficiently catalyze hydrogen atom abstraction reactions from phenol and oxygen atom transfer reactions with dimethylsulfide.
The Transcription Factor SOX18 Inhibitor Small Molecule 4 Is a Potential Treatment of Cancer‐Induced Lymphatic Metastasis and Lymphangiosarcoma
Authors: Koll Katja K. , Zimmermann Martin M. , Will Patrick A. , Kneser Ulrich , Hirche Christoph 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundMalignant tumors release growth factors, promoting lymphangiogenesis in primary tumors and draining sentinel lymph nodes, ultimately facilitating lymph node metastasis. As a malignant lymphatic tumor entity, lymphangiosarcomas are characterized by low survival rates and limited treatment options. The transcription factor SOX18 plays a crucial role in both lymphatic endothelial cell differentiation and cancer‐induced lymphangiogenesis.AimsIn this in vitro study, we investigated the potential therapeutic effect of a small molecule called Sm4, which inhibits SOX18, on lymphatic endothelial and lymphangiosarcoma cells in vitro.Methods and ResultsHuman dermal lymphatic endothelial cells (HDLECs), lymphangiosarcoma cells (MO‐LAS), and other endothelial cell lines were cultured. We found that Sox18 exhibited high mRNA expression levels in both HDLEC and MO‐LAS. Sm4 treatment decreased the Sox18 expression level at the mRNA and protein levels in both HDLEC and MO‐LAS significantly, a phenomenon confirmed through immunofluorescence images. Additionally, Sm4 treatment suppressed the expression of key lymphatic phenotype markers (Prox1, Flt4, and Lyve1) and hindered migration in both HDLEC and MO‐LAS, all while maintaining cell viability.ConclusionThese findings suggest that targeting SOX18 with Sm4 may hold potential as a therapeutic strategy for lymphangiosarcoma and cancer‐induced lymphatic metastasis. Further in vitro studies are warranted to investigate the mechanisms and conduct dose–response analyses to evaluate Sm4's potential as a targeted therapy for lymphangiosarcoma and cancer‐induced lymphangiogenesis in the future.
Epidemiology of Soft Tissue Sarcoma in Iran: Four‐Year National Cancer Registry Data Report (2014–2017)
Authors: Banadaki Mohammad Sajed Dehghan , Rahmanian Vahid , Hosseini Saeed , Hosseini Seyyed Mohammad Hossein , Hazar Narjes 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionAn uncommon and diverse class of cancers originating from mesenchymal tissues is designated as soft tissue sarcoma (STS). To develop effective preventive and treatment strategies for STS, it is essential to gain a deeper understanding of the epidemiological trends associated with the disease. This research will analyze the 4‐year age‐standardized incidence rate (ASIR) and geographical distribution of STS in Iran in great detail.MethodsThe study population comprised 4968 cases of STS recorded in the Cancer Registry System between 2014 and 2017. The demographic data examined included gender, place of residence, and year of diagnosis. The age‐standardized rate (ASR) of STS incidence was calculated for each location using the World Standard Population. The data were examined using the program ArcMap10.5. The geographic distribution of STS was investigated using the Moran test.ResultsThe ASRs for STS in Iran from 2014 to 2017 were recorded as 1.25 (ASR in male: 1.47, ASR in female: 1.06), 1.36 (ASR in male: 1.46, ASR in female: 1.29), 1.37 (ASR in male: 1.52, ASR in female: 1.21), and 1.78 (ASR in male: 1.58, ASR in female: 1.98), respectively. In 2014 and 2015, age‐standardized incidence at the national level showed a statistically significant regional dispersion that appeared as a clustering pattern, according to Moran's test. However, in 2016 and 2017, this dispersion failed to become statistically significant. Interestingly, men had a greater rate of STS incidence than females. As age grows, ASIR shows a steadily rising trend. The most important gains are shown in the 55–59 age group, which peaked at 4.535 in 2017, and the 80–84 age group, which peaked at 10.848 in the same year.ConclusionThe incidence of STS in Iran is lower than the global average. The discrepancies in gender disparities, regional distribution, and incidence rates underscore the complexity of STSs. The findings of this study may assist healthcare professionals and policymakers in the development of region‐specific plans for the treatment, early detection, and prevention of STSs.
Gas‐phase Conformational Landscape and Ring‐puckered Structure of 1‐aminoindane
Authors: Neeman Elias M. , Lesarri Alberto , Bermúdez Celina 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIndane‐based molecules are effective scaffolds for different pharmaceutical products, so it is relevant to analyze the relation between structure and functionality in indane derivatives. Here, we have characterized the conformational landscape and molecular structure of 1‐aminoindane in the gas phase using chirped‐excitation Fourier‐transform microwave spectroscopy and computational methods. The rotational spectrum confirmed the presence of two conformers, which were identified based on their rotational constants and 14N nuclear quadrupole coupling tensor elements. The observed conformers share the cyclopentane puckering and amino equatorial configuration but differ in the orientation of the amino group hydrogens. The spectral analysis further allowed the observation of all monosubstituted 13C and 15 N isotopologues in natural abundance for the most stable isomer, allowing a precise structural determination for this species. Structural information was derived using the substitution (
) and effective vibrational ground state (
) methods, revealing that the structure of 1‐aminoindane is very similar to that of indane. A calculation of the potential energy surface along the pathway for the conversion between the most stable equatorial species permitted to rationalize the non‐observation of additional conformers via molecular relaxation during the adiabatic expansion. The computational results include ab initio (MP2) and DFT methods (B3LYP, ωB97X−D and M06‐2X).
Modeling Malignant Mesothelioma in Genetically Engineered Mice
Authors: Kadariya Yuwaraj , Sementino Eleonora , Hua Xiang , Kappes Dietmar J. , Testa Joseph R. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractMesothelioma is a lethal cancer of the serosal lining of the body cavities. Risk factors include environmental and genetic factors. Asbestos exposure is considered the principal environmental risk factor, but other carcinogenic mineral fibers, such as erionite, also have a causal role. Pathogenic germline (heritable) mutations of specific genes, especially BAP1, are thought to predispose the individual to mesothelioma in about 10% of cases. Somatic mutations and deletions of specific tumor suppressor genes, particularly BAP1, CDKN2A/B, and NF2, occur frequently in human mesothelioma, and asbestos‐exposed mice with heterozygous deletions of any one of these genes have been shown to develop mesothelioma more often and at an accelerated rate than in control animals. Autochthonous mesothelioma mouse models, which are genetically engineered to carry multiple genetic lesions matching those observed in the human disease counterpart, closely resemble the disease phenotype and the extensive inflammatory responses that characterize human mesothelioma. Because autochthonous mice do not require asbestos exposure and form tumors rapidly, these models are invaluable for assessing novel therapeutic strategies in an immunocompetent setting. The overlapping genetic, epigenetic, and immune environments of the tumors observed in these genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs) and human primary mesothelioma specimens support the clinical relevance of these preclinical models. This article presents protocols for studies of asbestos‐induced mesothelioma in GEMMs and non‐carcinogenic conditional knockout models of mesothelioma, including an example of a preclinical application. These models are invaluable for understanding the biological underpinnings of mesothelioma and for testing new therapeutics and chemoprevention or interception agents. © 2025 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Generation of a genetically engineered mouse model (GEMM) with a germline Bap1 knockout alleleBasic Protocol 2: Generation of GEMMs with germline Bap1 knock‐in allelesBasic Protocol 3: Asbestos carcinogenicity investigations with GEMMsBasic Protocol 4: Preclinical chemoprevention and chemotherapy studies using a GEMM with asbestos‐induced mesotheliomaBasic Protocol 5: Generation of a GEMM with conditional knockout of Bap1Basic Protocol 6: Generation of a conditional knockout model of mesothelioma
Comparative Analyses and Phylogenetic Dependence in Traits and Trends of the Dipterocarpaceae
Authors: Malik Nazrin , Edwards David , Freckleton Robert P. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe role of trait evolution in shaping the functional and ecological diversity of tropical forests remains poorly understood. Analyses of trait variation as a function of evolutionary history and environmental variables should reveal the drivers of species distributions, as well as generate insights valuable to conservation. Here, we focus on the Dipterocarpaceae, the key plant family underpinning the hyperdiversity of South‐East Asian tropical forest canopies and of major conservation concern due to over‐exploitation for timber, cultivation, and climate change. Our objectives are to (i) assess whether dipterocarp species traits are phylogenetically conserved through a phylogenetic signal, indicating phylogenetic niche conservatism (PNC); (ii) determine the drivers of dipterocarp species distribution; (iii) examine the relationship between morphological traits with habitat factors; and (iv) assess the correlation between conservation status and phylogeny. We compiled a dataset of species‐level plant traits of the Dipterocarpaceae together with population‐level ecological trends. We found substantial evidence of phylogenetic conservatism of plant traits in dipterocarp species, with a moderate to strong phylogenetic signal, and that the elevational gradient shapes dipterocarp species distribution pan‐tropically. Morphological traits including height and diameter show phylogenetically dependent relationships with soil type, while shade tolerance traits are related to survival. We find that conservation status is related to phylogeny and correlated with population trend status, suggesting that decreasing population trends correlated with conservation status. Overall, our analyses show that functional traits and ecological trends of dipterocarp species are shaped by the phylogenetic history. Our study highlights that conservation strategies require consideration of the consequences of these relationships for long‐term population changes.
Genetic Variation in Male Mate Choice for Large Females in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Freed Grace S. , Martinez Isabella G. , Lev Avigayil , Anthony Cuadrado Ana‐Maria , Pischedda Alison 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTMales in many species show courtship and mating preferences for certain females over others when given the choice. One of the most common targets of male mate choice in insects is female body size, with males preferring to court and mate with larger, higher‐fecundity females and investing more resources in matings with those females. Although this preference is well‐documented at the species level, less is known about how this preference varies within species and whether there is standing genetic variation for male mate choice within populations. We used hemiclonal analysis in the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, to test for heritable genetic variation in pre‐ and postcopulatory components of male mate choice for large females. We found additive genetic variation for both forms of male choice: Males from different hemiclone lines varied in the strength of their courtship preferences for large females and the degree to which they extended matings with large females. Although males from hemiclone lines with stronger courtship preferences for large females were more likely to mate with those females, there was no genetic correlation between pre‐ and postcopulatory components of male mate choice, suggesting that they are under independent genetic control. Genetic variation in male mate choice may be widespread, potentially impacting the fitness of both sexes and the adaptive evolution of populations.
Forecasting Range Shifts in Terrestrial Alpine Insects Under Global Warming
Authors: Meza‐Joya Fabio Leonardo , Morgan‐Richards Mary , Trewick Steven A. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAnthropogenic planetary heating is disrupting global alpine systems, but our ability to empirically measure and predict responses in alpine species distributions is impaired by a lack of comprehensive data and technical limitations. We conducted a comprehensive, semi‐quantitative review of empirical studies on contemporary range shifts in alpine insects driven by climate heating, drawing attention to methodological issues and potential biotic and abiotic factors influencing variation in responses. We highlight case studies showing how range dynamics may affect standing genetic variation and adaptive potential, and discuss how data integration frameworks can improve forecasts. Although biotic and abiotic factors influence individual species responses, most alpine insects studied so far are shifting to higher elevations. Upslope shifts are often accompanied by range contractions that are expected to diminish species genetic variation and adaptive potential, increasing extinction risk. Endemic species on islands are predicted to be especially vulnerable. Inferences drawn from the responses of alpine insects, also have relevance to species in other montane habitats. Correlative niche modelling is a keystone tool to predict range responses to planetary heating, but its limited ability to consider biological processes underpinning species' responses complicates interpretation. Alpine insects exhibit some potential to respond to rising temperatures via genetic change or phenotypic plasticity. Thus, future efforts should incorporate biological processes by using flexible hybrid niche modelling approaches to enhance the biological realism of predictions. Boosting scientific capability to envisage the future of alpine environments and their associated biota is imperative given that the speed and intensity of heating on high‐mountain ecosystems can surpass our ability to collect the empirical data required to guide effective conservation planning and management decisions.
Comparative Analysis of Seventeen Mitochondrial Genomes of Mileewinae Leafhoppers, Including the Unique Species Mileewa digitata (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Mileewinae) From Xizang, China, and New Insights Into Phylogenetic Relationships Within Mileewini
Authors: He Hongli , Yan Bin , Yu Xiaofei , Yang Maofa 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe subfamily Mileewinae in China comprises one tribe (Mileewini), four genera (Ujna, Mileewa, Processina, Anzihelus), and 71 species, yet only 11 mitochondrial genomes have been published. This study aimed to elucidate ambiguous diagnostic traits in traditional taxonomy and examined phylogenetic relationships among genera by sequencing mitochondrial genomes from 16 species. The lengths of the mitochondrial genomes ranged from 14,532 to 15,280 bp, exhibiting an AT content of 77.2%–80.7%, indicative of AT bias. Each genome contains 13 protein‐coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs), and 2 ribosomal RNA genes (rRNAs). Notably, the genome of the Xizang endemic Mileewa digitata measures 15,280 bp, with an AT content of 80.7%, 10,941 bp of PCGs, and a 949 bp control region (CR) followed by a 19 bp poly‐A tail. Gene arrangement among the 17 genomes mirrors that of other Mileewinae species. Analyses of nucleotide diversity and evolutionary rates indicate purifying selection on PCGs, with atp8 exhibiting the greatest variability and evolutionary rate, whereas cox1 shows the least. Genetic distance studies display minimal separation among Mileewa species, specifically Mileewa nii with Mileewa margheritae and Mileewa rufivena with Mileewa ussurica, as well as the two morphs of Mileewa digitata. Phylogenetic analyses using Bayesian Inference (BI) and Maximum Likelihood (ML) generated six trees, further questioning the monophyly of the genera Mileewa, Ujna, and Processina. The reconstructed ancestral state based on the forewing patch position suggests that the common ancestor of Chinese Mileewini species was situated exclusively on the costal margin, prompting a proposed division of the tribe's species into two categories (genera). This research enriches the understanding of phylogenetic relationships within Mileewinae and contributes to the mitochondrial genome database for this group, paving the way for future taxonomic studies in China.
Crystal Structure, Band Gap, and Optoelectronic Performance of Lead‐Free Cs2FeCl5⋅H2O Erythrosiderite‐Halide Single Crystal and Its Thin Film
Authors: Wang Chen , Cao Wenhuan , Shen Huimeng , Gao Huidan , Zhou Huawei , Guo Xiaoying 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe unique physical and chemical properties of erythrosiderite‐halides make them candidates for semiconductor materials and optoelectronic devices. However, research on the optoelectronic properties of these materials is still relatively limited. This study presents the crystal structure and optoelectronic properties of Cs₂FeCl₅⋅H₂O erythrosiderite halide. The results show that Cs₂FeCl₅⋅H₂O is an orange‐red needle‐like crystal, with its crystal system and space group belonging to the orthorhombic system and Cmcm(63), respectively. Photodetectors made from Cs₂FeCl₅⋅H₂O exhibit stable photocurrent responses in the visible light range (from 397 to 564 nm). Under conditions of a light intensity of 30 W/m2 at 397 nm with a bias voltage of 4.5 V, the responsivity of Cs₂FeCl₅⋅H₂O is 8.41 mA/W, and the detectivity is 4.43 × 106 Jones. There is a strong linear relationship between the net photocurrent density of Cs₂FeCl₅⋅H₂O and light intensity, as well as a strong linear relationship between responsivity and voltage, with R2=0.96. Thus, Cs₂FeCl₅⋅H₂O has excellent optoelectronic performance and is a promising compound for optoelectronic applications.
Kinetics and Mechanism of the Oxidation of Ammonia by Ferrate(VI) in Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Wang Fengqin , Li Lin , Shan Hui‐Mei , Li Xinru , Feng Sushan , Lau Tai‐Chu , Liu Yingying , Wang Qian 
Published: January 2025

AbstractMetal oxo complexes are potentially useful for the catalytic oxidation of ammonia to produce nitrite/nitrate or for the construction of ammonia fuel cell. In the work we have studied the kinetics and mechanisms of the oxidation of ammonia by ferrate(VI) (FeO42–), a well‐defined metal oxo species. The kinetics was investigated over a pH range of 7.5 to 10, the rate‐law is rate=k2[ferrate][ammonia]. k2 decrease with increasing pH, the results indicated that at pH 7.5 the reacting species are HFeO4– and NH4+, while at pH >9 the reacting species are FeO42– and NH3. At pH 7.5 the reaction occurs according to the following stoichiometry: 8HFeO4– + 3NH4+ + 3H2O →8Fe(OH)3 + 3NO3– + 2OH–. Nitrate is also formed as the predominantly product at higher pHs. Based on the experimental results and DFT calculations, the proposed mechanism involves an oxygen‐atom transfer from ferrate(VI) to ammonia to produce hydroxylamine, which is then rapidly oxidized by excess ferrate to nitrate.
Unhelpful Information About Low Back and Neck Pain on Physiotherapist's Websites
Authors: van der Noord Robert , Reezigt Roland R. , Paap Davy , Schiphorst Preuper Henrica R. , Reneman Michiel F. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe internet is increasingly used as a primary source of information for patients with musculoskeletal pain. Private physiotherapy practices provide informative content on low back pain (LBP) and neck pain (NP) on their websites, but the extent to which this information is biopsychosocial, guidelines‐consistent, and fear‐inducing is unknown. The aim of this study was to analyse the information on websites of private physiotherapy practices in the Netherlands about LBP and NP regarding consistency with the guidelines and the biopsychosocial model and to explore the use of fear‐inducing language.MethodsThe content of all existing Dutch private physiotherapy practice websites was examined in a cross sectional study design. Content analysis was based on predetermined criteria of the biopsychosocial model and evidence‐based guidelines. Descriptive statistics were applied.ResultsAfter removing duplicates and sites without information, 834 (10%) of 8707 websites remained. Information about LBP was found on 449 (54%) websites and 295 (35%) websites informed about NP. A majority of websites (LBP: n = 287, 64%; NP: n = 174, 59%) were biomedically oriented. Treatment advice was given 1855 times on n = 560 (67%) websites. Most of the recommended interventions were inconsistent with or not mentioned in the guidelines. Fear‐inducing language was provided n = 1624 (69%) times.ConclusionsThe majority of the information on the Dutch private physiotherapy websites was biomedical and not in line with the current guidelines and fear‐inducing.SignificanceThis study revealed that the majority of private physiotherapy practice websites that provide information on LBP and NP are inconsistent with the biopsychosocial model and current guidelines. This information has a negative impact on patients' knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and expectations, potentially affecting treatment outcomes. Consequently, most physiotherapy practice websites are unreliable sources of information on LBP and NP for patients. There is an urgent need to implement strategies to make websites reliable and helpful sources of information.