bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diosmetin induces apoptosis and protective autophagy in human gastric cancer HGC-27 cells via the PI3K/Akt/FoxO1 and MAPK/JNK pathways
Authors: Pan Zhaobin , Tan Zhiming , Li Hongyan , Wang Yang , Du Haiyan , Sun Jinhui , Li Chunchao , Ye Shicai , Li Xin , Quan Juanhua 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Gastric cancer represents a significant global health concern, necessitating the exploration of novel therapeutic options. Diosmetin, a natural flavonoid derived from citrus and vegetables, has demonstrated promising anti-tumor activity against various tumor cells. However, the potential anticancer effect of diosmetin in gastric cancer and its underlying mechanism have yet to be elucidated. In this study, we aimed to investigate the impact of diosmetin on cell proliferation, migration, cell cycle progression and apoptosis in human gastric cancer HGC-27 cells. Our findings revealed that diosmetin effectively suppressed cell proliferation, induced G2/M phase cell cycle arrest, and triggered cell apoptosis. Mechanistically, diosmetin downregulated the expression of antiapoptotic proteins Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL, while upregulated the level of proapoptotic proteins such as Bax, cleaved PARP and cleaved caspase-3. Additionally, diosmetin inhibited Akt and FoxO1 phosphorylation, while activated the MAPK signaling pathway. Notably, pretreatment of IGF-1, an Akt activator, attenuated the diosmetin-induced apoptosis. Furthermore, pretreatment with SP600125, a JNK inhibitor, significantly reduced the protein level of LC3B, while promoted the expression of cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved PARP. Collectively, our results suggest that diosmetin holds promise as an effective therapeutic agent against gastric cancer by inducing apoptosis through inhibition of the Akt/FoxO1 pathway and promoting protective autophagy via the MAPK/JNK signaling pathway.
The silencing of the L1-MET chimeric transcript activates cancer cell death program and inhibits the expression of crucial oncoproteins in lung cancer cells
Authors: Miglio Umberto , Berrino Enrico , Avanzato Daniele , Molineris Ivan , Miano Valentina , Milan Melissa , Lanzetti Letizia , De Bortoli Michele , Sapino Anna , Venesio Tiziana 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Among the antisense chimeric sequences generated by intragenic long interspersed nuclear elements (LINE1s), L1-MET transcript, within MET oncogene, is of particular interest since its expression, activated by promoter hypomethylation, has been associated with the acquisition of cancer phenotype. L1-MET can originate several isoforms, but it is unable to form stable proteins. Presently, its biological functions remain unknown.
Methods
To investigate the role of L1-MET, we silenced its expression on selected lung and breast cancer cells, characterized by variable levels of L1-MET and MET mRNA, using specifically-modified targeting antisense oligonucleotides. In addition to viability and apoptotic rate, the transfected cells were compared for their gene expression profiles and the protein level of identified downregulated cancer genes.
Results
Besides a considerable decrease of cell viability and increase of apoptosis, transiently transfected cancer cells partly rewrote their gene expression profiles, with an effect related to the L1-MET/ MET mRNA level and the type of cells, being particularly strong in lung cancer cells. In particular, MET and EGFR genes, activated in EBC1 lung cancer cells, but at the steady-state level in the other tested cell lines, showed a significant downregulation of MET and EGFR oncoproteins, with a specific loss of the AKT phosphorylation and a decrease of phospho-ERK, in the case of EBC1 cells. No effects were evidenced in non-transformed fibroblasts and human lymphocytes, used as controls.
Conclusions
Our results clearly demonstrate the ability of L1-MET to interfere with the expression of MET and EGFR oncoproteins in selected cancer cells. The expression of L1-MET, strictly limited to transformed cells, makes its silencing an ideal approach to induce tumor cells to death and a potential inhibitor of crucial oncoproteins on which cancer cells rely for their survival and proliferation, such as lung cancer cells.
Morphological and cytoskeleton changes in cells after EMT
Authors: Nurmagambetova Assel , Mustyatsa Vadim , Gladkih Aleena , Vorobjev Ivan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Epithelial cells undergoing EMT experience significant alterations at transcriptional and morphological levels. However, changes in the cytoskeleton, especially cytoskeleton dynamics are poorly described. Addressing the question we induced EMT in three cell lines (MCF-7, HaCaT and A-549) and analyzed morphological and cytoskeletal changes there using immunostaining and life cell imaging of cells transfected with microtubule and focal adhesion markers. In all studied cell lines, cell area after EMT increased, MCF-7 and A-549 cells become elongated, while HaCaT cells kept aspect ratio the same. We next analyzed three components of the cytoskeleton: microtubules, stress fibers and focal adhesions. The following changes were observed after EMT in cultured cells: (i) Organization of microtubules becomes more radial; and growth rate of microtubule plus ends was accelerated; (ii) Actin stress fibers become co-aligned forming the longitudinal cell axis; and (iii) Focal adhesions had decreased area in all cancer cell lines studied, and became more numerous in HaCaT cells. We conclude that among dynamic components of the cytoskeleton the most significant changes during EMT happen in the regulation of microtubules.
Crop Diversity Index Assessment for Telangana State Using Remote Sensing
Authors: Kumar Ammaladinne Tharun , Biswal Anima , Sreeni Gade , Venkataramana M. , Madhavi A , Kumari R. Vijaya 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In this study, crop diversity index (CDI) was computed for Telangana Rabi season at mandal level with the help of crops area calculated by using remote sensing. Sentinel 2A and 2B MSI L2A products were processed and obtained time series normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) images. Pure cropped pixels were extracted for major Rabi crops based on ground truth data using the NDVI Composite index, which comprises of temporal profiling of time series NDVI. Hybrid method which uses phenology-based decision rules and unsupervised classification was used to delineate Rabi crop area. The cropped area provided by the Govt. agency and the remote sensing based cropped area estimates have showed a good correlation. To measure agricultural diversification at the mandal level, the Gibbs and Martin formula (1962) of crop diversification index was used to generate the crop diversity index values, which solely considers net planted area of crops during Rabi season. The findings demonstrate that, assuming identical geo-climatic and socio-economic conditions, the amount of land cultivated for each crop changes at the Mandal level with changes in terrain, soil types, irrigation capabilities, distance from main crop markets and government policies.
Construct fluorescent solid lipid nanoparticles from bacterial outer membrane vesicles to investigate their characteristics and applications
Authors: Kaliyaperumal Viswanathan , Manivannan vimal , Karuppan Chitra , Gopal Dhinakararj , Muthusamy Raman 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In this study, the new solid lipid nanoparticles were created by combining fluorescent dye, fatty acid, lipid, and bacterial outer membranes. The synthesised particles were roughly 95–100 nm in size. Vero cells cultivated with these nanoparticles showed no cytotoxicity in 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. In the cell uptake studies, the vero cell line was employed. Cell lines absorbed fluorescent solid lipid nanoparticles (FSL NPs) better, according to the findings. The confocal microscopy results revealed a significant accumulation of FSL NPs in the cytoplasm over time. The results of small animal imaging employing BALB/c mice revealed that the nanoparticles generated provided high contrast signals. Overall, the OMVs-based FSL NPs system offers a unique imaging tool for studying intracellular interactions as well as a viable tool for drug delivery.
Comparative Efficacy of Sodium Metasilicate and Organic Source Combination on Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) for Reducing the Post-harvest Deterioration Losses
Authors: Anitha R. , Brindavathy R. , Srith N. , Jagathjothi N. , Priya R. Sathya , Yuvaraj M. , Jaiby C. , Dhanushkodi V. , Thirumurugan T. , Sujatha K. B. , Thiruvarassan S. , Jeyakumar P. , Sassikumar D. , Jayachandran M. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Sugarcane must be processed quickly after being harvested because it is a destructible commodity. Harvested cane may degrade for a variety of reasons, including exposure to microbes, mechanical or manual harvesting, cultivar, maturity, cut-to-crush interval, and storage. Due to the quick loss of sucrose and deterioration after harvest, sugarcane needs to be treated at the right time and way. The higher sugar content of mature internodes offers the perfect conditions for microbial growth, which enters the harvested stalk through wounds or cut ends. The bacteria Leuconostoc spp. is primarily responsible for these post-harvest losses, which negatively affect sugar percent. The trials were carried out to assess the efficacy of Sodium metasilicate (SMS), Benzalkonium chloride (BKC), Nisin (Lactobacteria), and Neem sources on sugarcane for reducing the post-harvest degradation losses. An investigation is underway now to reveal that foliar spray of neem cake @ 5% + dried neem leaves extract @ 5% (in heaping) is the most effective and eco-friendly substance that might be able to significantly enhance sugar recovery. This treatment was comparable with the chemical formulation of SMS @ 2% (3 days before harvest) + BKC @ 2000 ppm (in heaping) which might be a consequence of controlling the proliferation of Leuconostoc spp. bacterium. Likewise, the juice obtained from these treatments has a lower rate of inclination in pH, reducing sugar, total soluble solids, titrable acidity index, invertase activity, higher sucrose, and commercial cane sugars (CCS) recovery, furthermore with relatively smaller losses in cane weight. Hence, these treatments offer a significant potential role in reducing post-harvest deterioration losses in the sugar industry.
MgAl2O4 nanospinel: Green synthesis, Characterization and effective heterogeneous catalyst for the photocatalytic degradation of Carbol Fuchsin dye and synthesis of 2-Aryl substituted Benzoxazole derivatives
Authors: NITHA T.V. , BRITTO S. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

In this study we report, plant extract mediated green, expedient, cost effective and environment friendly synthesis of MgAl2O4 nanospinel and their potential application in the field of photocatalytic degradation of organic contaminant and biologically active benzoxazole synthesis. The synthesized spinel material was characterized by XRD, FT-IR, FE-SEM, EDAX, TEM UV-Visible spectra, XPS and BET. Sunlight driven photocatalytic degradation efficiency of this catalyst was performed on a widely used industrial dye carbol fuchsin (CF) which is a major contaminant that is being mixed in water resources. The contamination could be degraded upto 96.84% when its concentration is 30 ppm at pH 9, by the nanospinel of 0.6 g/L. Kinetic model of degradation follows pseudo- first order kinetic with rate constant of 0.043 min− 1. Also the nanospinel has the key benefits in the synthesis of some benzoxazole derivatives as a catalyst, that its shorter reaction time, excellent yield, safety and moderate reaction conditions, non-toxicity and simple work up procedures.
Genetic Predisposition of Diabetes to Coronary Artery Disease Due to ApoE Gene Polymorphism Using Allele Discrimination Real-Time Analysis as a Diagnostic Tool
Authors: Salman Mohammed Noori , aljanabi Abdulhussein Alwan Faraj , Al-Kashwan Thekra Abid Jaber 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) gene plays a pivotal role in facilitating the removal of lipoproteins and stands as a prominently investigated candidate in the context of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and coronary artery disease (CAD). Lipoprotein-linked mechanisms have been implicated in causing cardiovascular impairment among individuals with diabetes. This research was conducted to ascertain the relationship between ApoE genetic variations and the occurrence of T2DM with CAD, as well as its influence on the levels of lipids in the bloodstream within the Iraqi population. These findings offer potential avenues for primary prevention against the onset and progression of bothT2DM and CAD.MethodThis study was conducted based on 400 participants, subdivided into 200 T2DM patients with coronary artery disease and 200 normal individuals. To assess the potential risk association of ApoE, logistic regression analysis was employed to derive odds ratios (OR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI).ResultsThe frequency ratio of the E3/E4 genotype and the ϵ4 allele among patients affected by both CAD and T2DM exhibited a clear increase. The odds ratios (OR), accompanied by their respective confidence intervals (CI) and p-values, were detailed as follows: for carriers of the E3/E4 genotype, the OR was 4.8 with a 95% CI of 2.4 to 9.46, and a p-value of 0.0001; for E2/E2 carriers, the OR was 1.3 with a 95% CI of 0.18 to 9.21, and a p-value of 0.81; for E2/E3 carriers, the OR was 0.89 with a 95% CI of 0.46 to 1.7, and a p-value of 0.7; for E2/E4 carriers, the OR was 3.84 with a 95% CI of 0.4 to 37.34, and a p-value of 0.25; and for E4/E4 carriers, the OR was 4.3 with a 95% CI of 1.15, and a p-value of 0.03. In comparison to the ϵ3/3 genotype, the E3/4 genotype was significantly associated with an elevated risk in individuals with T2DM and CAD. Notably, the plasma levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) displayed marked variations across the three distinct ApoE isoforms. Moreover, patients carrying genotypes containing the ϵ4 allele exhibited lower levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) when compared to those with the E3/E3 genotype.ConclusionsOur findings suggest an association between ApoE gene variations and the presence of both T2DM and CAD, influencing lipid profiles as well.
Which is better to predict erectile dysfunction and male sexual function in the context of metabolic syndrome: Triglyceride-Glucose Index or Visceral Adiposity Index? A Retrospective Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Bolat Mustafa Suat , Bolat Ipek , Asci Ramazan , Dundar Cihad 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background:Male sexual function is influenced by various factors, including metabolic disorders such as metabolic syndrome (MetS) and insulin resistance. We aimed to investigate the effects of two metabolic indices, the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and the visceral adiposity index (VAI), on erectile function and other aspects of male sexual function.
Methods: A total of 400 men having erectile and ejaculatory dysfunction were included. Age, body weight and waist circumference (WC) were calculated and comorbidities and contributing factors such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, atherosclerotic disease, smoking, and alcohol use were recorded. Hormonal analysis was performed using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for total testosterone, prolactin, and estradiol. The male sex-specific VAI was calculated using the [(WC/39.68)+(1.88xMI)]x(TG/1.03)x(1.31/HDL) formula. The TyG index was calculated logarithmic formula: Ln (fasting triglycerides) x (fasting glucose) / 2] (9). The participants were given the Turkish-validated 15-item long-form of the International Index of Erectile Dysfunction (IIEF) questionnaire to fill. Ejaculatory function was assessed using male sexual health questionnaire (MSHQ) consisting of four questions. The participants completed the 21-item Beck Depression Inventory. Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Chi-square tests were used for normal distribution of continuous and categorical variables, respectively. The ROC analysis was used to evaluate the predictive abilities of TyG and VAI cut-off values for ED risk. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.
Results: Both the TyG index and the VAI were significantly associated with ED. A higher TyG index and VAI were associated with an increased risk of ED. The presence of MetS further worsened sexual function, with lower scores in sexual satisfaction, orgasm, desire, and general satisfaction. The TyG index and VAI demonstrated similar predictive abilities for ED, as indicated by their respective area under the curve rates. Additionally, patients with MetS had poorer ejaculation quality compared to those without MetS.
Conclusions: These findings highlight the potential of the TyG index and VAI as convenient tools for predicting and assessing sexual dysfunction in men, particularly in the context of metabolic disorders. Early detection and intervention for metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance may help mitigate their negative impact on male sexual function.
Seasonal dynamics of Amblyomma cajennense (Fabricius, 1787) sensu stricto in a degraded area of the Amazon biome, with notes on Rickettsia amblyommatis infection
Authors: Araújo Flávio Eduardo Saraiva , Martins Thiago Fernandes , Ramos Carlos Celso Mendonça , Nogueira Rafael Michael Silva , Faccini João Luiz Horacio , Tavares Mariana Avelar , Lima Nicolas Jalowitzki , Bezerra Carlos Eduardo , Sousa-Paula Lucas Christian , Dantas-Torres Filipe , Krawczak Felipe Silva , Costa-Junior Livio Martins , Labruna Marcelo Bahia , DallAgnol Leonardo Teixeira , Luz Hermes Ribeiro 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
The tick Amblyomma cajennense sensu stricto (s.s.) frequently parasitizes animals and humans in the Amazon biome, in addition to being a vector of Rickettsia amblyommatis. In the present study, we evaluated the population dynamics of A. cajennense s.s. in a degraded area of the Amazon biome, and the presence of rickettsial organisms in this tick population.
Methods
The study was carried out in a rural area of the Santa Inês municipality (altitude: 24 m), Maranhão state. Ticks were collected from the environment during 24 consecutive months, from June 2021 to May 2023. The region is characterized by two warm seasons: a rainy season from November to May, and a dry season from June to October. We characterized the temporal activity of A. cajennense s.s. on the vegetation, by examining questing activity for each life stage (larvae, nymphs, adults [males and females]), in relation to the dry and rainy season. Ticks collected in this study were randomly selected and individually tested by a TaqMan real-time PCR assay that targeted a 147-bp fragment of the rickettsial gltA gene.
Results
Overall, 1,843 (62.4%) adults (52.6% females and 47.4% males), 1,110 (37.6%) nymphs and 398 larval clusters were collected. All adult females and nymphs were morphologically identified as A. cajennense s.s. Larval activity was observed from April to December, with a peak from June to September (dry season). Nymphs peaked from September to November (transition period between dry and rainy seasons). Adult ticks were abundant from October to May (spring/summer/early autumn). The infection rate by R. amblyommatis in A. cajennense s.s. ticks were at least 7% (7/99).
Conclusion
Our data suggest a 1-year generation pattern for A. cajennense s.s., with a well-defined seasonality of larvae, nymphs and adults in the Amazon biome. Larvae predominating during the dry season, nymphs in the dry-rainy season transition and adults in the dry season. The presence of R. amblyommatis in adults suggest that animals and humans in the study region are at risks of infection by this spotted fever group rickettsial agent.
Numerical and Experimental Photoelasticity Topology Optimization
Authors: BG Avilasha , DS Ramakrishna 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The photoelasticity experimental technique is developed, which extends the topology optimization method to realistic engineering design problems. The new approach enables the efficient design of complex engineering structures by allowing the designer to control the material distribution among the design areas during the optimal design process, thereby allowing the use of multiload mechanical components in a variety of applications. This study enables a novel approach to topology optimization using the photoelasticity method. The primary objective of this research is to demonstrate the viability and efficacy of using photoelasticity in topology optimization for stress-constrained design problems. The proposed methodology involves of a number of essential steps, including material selection, specimen preparation, photoelastic testing, image processing, and optimization algorithms. The integration of photoelasticity into the optimization process permits more accurate and insightful evaluations of stress distributions within structures as well as more realistic stress constraints, resulting in designs that are not only structurally efficient but also resistant to failure. The methodology presented here provides an innovative and practical approach to solving real-world engineering problems, particularly in fields where accurate stress analysis is crucial, including aerospace engineering, civil engineering, and biomechanics. The photoelasticity experimental method is demonstrated for the linking plate design problem associated with the brake drum end. The case study illustrates the potential significance of the newly developed capability for a wide variety of engineering design problems, which reduces the amount of material by 50%. This methodology expands upon conventional topology optimization techniques that rely solely on numerical simulations.
A Machine Learning Driven Computationally Efficient Horse Shoe Shaped Antenna Design for Wearable Internet of Medical Things
Authors: Khan Umhara Rasool , Sheikh Javaid A. , Junaid Aqib , Ashraf Shazia 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
With bio-medical wearables or sensors becoming an essential part of future generations for monitoring the health of workers and others in industrial and other environments. Computationally efficient Antenna as sensors or radiating interface being an indispensable part of such wearables. In this paper a novel Horse shoe shaped antenna (HSPA) meant for such wearables is presented in this work. Inspired by the artificial intelligence, a regression-based Machine learning (ML) techniques are used to facilitate the design of Horse shoe shaped patch antenna to predict the various on body measuring parameters. The ML models so developed are used to predict the desired responses of antenna for given physical and geometrical parameters of the design. This helps us to design an optimized antenna design while efficiently using the available resources. The optimized HSPA designed has a footprint area of 0.272λ0 x 0.224λ0 and resonates at 2.45 GHz in the frequency band of 1.9–3.05 GHz with SAR of 1.89 W/kg for an input power of 16.98 dBm, peak gain of 1.91 dBi and radiation efficiency of 62.07% when mounted on the human body. Further, a detailed comparison of the five regression-based ML algorithms is also presented and proved more efficient.