bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does long‐term soil warming affect microbial element limitation? A test by short‐term assays of microbial growth responses to labile C, N and P additions
Authors: Shi Chupei , Urbina‐Malo Carolina , Tian Ye , Heinzle Jakob , Kwatcho Kengdo Steve , Inselsbacher Erich , Borken Werner , Schindlbacher Andreas , Wanek Wolfgang 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIncreasing global temperatures have been reported to accelerate soil carbon (C) cycling, but also to promote nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) dynamics in terrestrial ecosystems. However, warming can differentially affect ecosystem C, N and P dynamics, potentially intensifying elemental imbalances between soil resources, plants and soil microorganisms. Here, we investigated the effect of long‐term soil warming on microbial resource limitation, based on measurements of microbial growth (18O incorporation into DNA) and respiration after C, N and P amendments. Soil samples were taken from two soil depths (0–10, 10–20 cm) in control and warmed (>14 years warming, +4°C) plots in the Achenkirch soil warming experiment. Soils were amended with combinations of glucose‐C, inorganic/organic N and inorganic/organic P in a full factorial design, followed by incubation at their respective mean field temperatures for 24 h. Soil microbes were generally C‐limited, exhibiting 1.8‐fold to 8.8‐fold increases in microbial growth upon C addition. Warming consistently caused soil microorganisms to shift from being predominately C limited to become C‐P co‐limited. This P limitation possibly was due to increased abiotic P immobilization in warmed soils. Microbes further showed stronger growth stimulation under combined glucose and inorganic nutrient amendments compared to organic nutrient additions. This may be related to a prolonged lag phase in organic N (glucosamine) mineralization and utilization compared to glucose. Soil respiration strongly positively responded to all kinds of glucose‐C amendments, while responses of microbial growth were less pronounced in many of these treatments. This highlights that respiration–though easy and cheap to measure—is not a good substitute of growth when assessing microbial element limitation. Overall, we demonstrate a significant shift in microbial element limitation in warmed soils, from C to C‐P co‐limitation, with strong repercussions on the linkage between soil C, N and P cycles under long‐term warming.
Physicochemical and structural properties and digestibility of rice flour with different moisture extrusion cooking
Authors: Lai Sixing , Zhang Tingting , Wang Yong , Ouyang Kefan , Hu Hao , Hu Xing , Wang Fengxin , Xiong Hua , Zhao Qiang 
Published: January 2023

SummaryExtruded rice flour with different feed moisture content (FMC, 14%, 16%, 18%, 20%, 22%) were obtained by a twin‐screw with two co‐rotating screws of 65 mm diameter at 120 kg h−1 feed rate and 120 rad min−1 screw speed. The results showed that the higher the FMC, the smoother the extrudate surface, the lighter the colour, and the lower the radial expansion; the water absorption index increased whereas the water solubility index was in opposite as FMC increased. The bound water was the major fraction in extruded rice flour and with FMC increasing, a shift to a long relaxation time of the peak of T21 could be found accompanied by the signal intensity enhancement. Extrusion did not alter the chemical structure of starch but turned crystal type from A to V. The rice flour possessed better digestibility after extrusion, but higher FMC mitigated the digestion by improving the branching of the starch structure and weakening the degradation of the protein.
Valorisation of food processing wastes using PEF and its economic advances – recent update
Authors: Velusamy Monica , Rajan Anbarasan , Radhakrishnan Mahendran 
Published: January 2023

SummaryFood processing is an emerging industrial sector that applies new technologies to process foods efficiently. During processing, food industries produce a substantial amount of by‐products as waste. Disposal of these wastes remains a problem and causes environmental pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. However, novel food processing technology like pulsed electric field‐assisted extraction (PEFAE) has the potential to utilise these wastes as a source of bioactive compounds and extract valuable compounds in a shorter period with minimal use of solvents and energy. This review covers the basics of pulsed electric field (PEF) and its effect on bioactive compound extraction yield and quality. Furthermore, the article compares the PEF treatment energy and extraction efficiency with other non‐conventional extraction methods to better make the reader understand in terms of selecting the suitable processing method. However, the extraction yield and process efficiency depend highly on the processing parameters. Hence, the article also explains the various kinetic models involved in PEF‐assisted food waste valorisation to control the process parameters during treatment.
Jabuticaba (Myrciaria jaboticaba) peel and seed powder associated with bioprocessing improves functional and nutritional quality of whole‐wheat bread
Authors: Faller Ana Luísa Kremer , Duarte Paula Andrés , Paes Jade de Menezes , Kamp Fernanda , Fialho Eliane , Monteiro Mariana 
Published: January 2023

SummaryOven‐dried jabuticaba peel and seed powder (JPSP) was used as a functional ingredient to nutritionally improve whole‐wheat bread in combination with enzymatic bioprocessing for increasing polyphenol content. JPSP had low protein and lipid but high dietary fibre content. The antioxidant capacity (AC) of JPSP was reduced by 64% after 90 days of storage, but the values are higher than those reported for other fruits. JPSP incorporation into bread increased fibre content (1.6‐fold), AC (1.8‐fold), and phenolics content (2.0‐fold). Combining JPSP with bioprocessing increased soluble ferulic acid content by 115%. The addition of JPSP improved anthocyanin incorporation and enhanced the release of a variety of phenolics, but enzymatic bioprocessing reduced anthocyanin content. All tested breads showed good overall aspect scores (>5.0). JPSP incorporation improved the nutritional quality and increased the fibre content of whole‐wheat bread, whereas bioprocessing increased soluble phenolics content. The food industry could use the association of JPSP supplementation with bioprocessing to develop breads with functional properties.
Virgin coconut oil oleogel: gelation mechanism, rheological, structural and thermal properties
Authors: Thomas Pinchu Elizabath , Saravanan Madanagopalan , Prabhasankar Pichan 
Published: January 2023

SummaryA monocomponent oleogel was prepared by combining virgin coconut oil (VCO) with stearic acid (SA) as a structuring agent. The results showed that higher gelator concentrations significantly enhanced the oil binding capacity. The microstructural and thermodynamic properties revealed that higher SA content resulted in a stronger gel network structure. The rheological properties confirmed the pseudoplastic or shear thinning nature of oleogels, as viscosity decreased with increasing shear rate. Moreover, the temperature sweep test emphasised that SA concentration influenced the gelling point. Additionally, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra documented that oleogelation occurred due to the physical interaction of oleogel components as a result of a supramolecular assembly of the gelator. Collectively, the obtained results suggested that solid fat alternatives can be prepared from VCO, which will pave the way for the production of healthy bakery products to promote health benefits through straightforward oil structuring techniques.
Productivity dynamics of remote work during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Morikawa Masayuki 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis study documents the productivity dynamics of remote work during the COVID‐19 pandemic in Japan. The mean productivity at home has improved by more than 10 percentage points in the past year, although it is still approximately 20% lower than when working in the office. Selection effects and learning effects contributed almost equally to the productivity growth. Even after adjusting for additional working hours from reduced commuting, the conclusion of relatively low productivity at home remains unchanged. The percentage of employees who want to continue frequent remote work after the pandemic has increased substantially, despite its lower productivity.
What matters most for academic achievement? A cross‐cultural study on undergraduate students
Authors: Uddin Md. Aftab , Howlader Mohammad Harisur Rahman , Khaled Moslehuddin Chowdhury , Nusrat Mansura , Das Anupam Kumar 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis study aims to unearth the influence of students’ intelligence (IQ) on their academic achievement (AA) in a mediated mechanism. Following the theoretical essence, the present study analysed cross‐sectional data in Bangladesh and China using a self‐administered survey. A sample of 287 from Bangladesh (study 1) and 317 from China (study 2) showed that IQ does not influence creativity (CR) but AA. In effect, the direct and indirect (mediating) effects of CR on AA are not supported. Surprisingly, the impact of IQ on CR is significant through the mediating effect of creative self‐belief. The findings contribute to advancing and extending the knowledge gap in developing countries as these observed variables were witnessed as being Western‐biased. Furthermore, this study also contributes to formulating policies for higher educational policymakers to involve students in positive initiatives so that they can feel tempted to engage in creative practice.
Recurrent diabetic foot ulcers: Results of a maximal multidisciplinary approach including reconstructive foot/ankle surgery
Authors: Brekelmans Wouter , van Laar Wilbert , Tolen Nicole J. , Hoencamp Rigo , Borger van der Burg Boudewijn L. S. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) and Charcot Neuroarthropathy (CN) are serious complications of diabetes mellitus in which wound closure is complex to achieve. Treating recurrent DFU in patients with a combination of infection, ischemia, and deformities is extremely challenging and this group of patients has a very poor outcome. This case series describes the outcomes of patients with a recurrent DFU and CN, with a mean SINBAD score of 4 and of which 40% had a TCS of D3, using a multidisciplinary protocol that includes reconstructive foot and ankle surgery. In 24/35 (69%) of patients, wound closure was achieved after a mean of 75 days postoperatively. The mean ulcer‐free period was 358 days. The mean number of interventions was 6.7 (range 3–9). Post treatment 27/35 (77%) of patients was mobile, without additional amputation or ulcer recurrence. This study shows that wound closure and a long ulcer‐free period can be achieved in patients with a DFU and CN and its multifactorial underlying diseases when treated in a multidisciplinary team, including reconstructive foot and ankle surgery.
Friend Zone Forever? The Essence of and Justifications for the EU's Decision‐Making Autonomy
Authors: Öberg Marja‐Liisa 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe expansion of the European Union's (EU) regulatory sphere creates conflicts of sovereignty between the EU and its member states, and third countries that lack a possibility to participate in the making of those laws and policies. The conflict is epitomised in the concept of the Union's decision‐making autonomy. Albeit stringently applied, the concept is ambiguous and undefined. This article endeavours to unfold its meaning, use and significance and examine whether its rigid nature is justified in light of the Union's aims to expand its regulatory sphere. The article argues that the ultimate rationale of decision‐making autonomy is to ensure the effectiveness of the EU legal order and to compensate for the member states' loss of sovereignty, investment and risk‐taking. Insofar as non‐member states do not demonstrate similar commitment to the EU, exclusion from decision‐making is justified to retain the privilege and attractiveness of membership.
Quality of life in children and adolescents with alopecia areata—A systematic review
Authors: Prendke Mona , Kanti‐Schmidt Varvara , Wilborn Doris , Hillmann Kathrin , Singh Rashmi , Vogt Annika , Kottner Jan , Blume‐Peytavi Ulrike 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAlopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune‐mediated non‐scarring hair loss whose stigmatizing effect may have a severe psychosocial impact. AA has been reported to be correlated with bullying, reduced quality of life (QoL) and psychiatric comorbidities. The effect of AA on QoL in adult patients has been systematically reviewed and found to be detrimental. No systematic evaluation of QoL in children with AA has been performed. The aim of this review is to systematically describe QoL in the child and adolescent population affected by AA. A systematic review of multiple databases and grey literature sources was conducted. Search terms included, but were not limited to, alopecia areata and quality of life. Only studies reporting results on health‐related QoL in children and adolescents were included. We evaluated the studies regarding the risk of bias, and conceptual rigour concerning the quality of life and performed a descriptive synthesis of findings. Eight studies met the inclusion criteria, encompassing 358 participants with AA and 64 healthy peers. Seven studies were quantitative using four different standardized questionnaires and scores to measure QoL. One study used a qualitative design. All studies described impairment of children and adolescents' QoL by AA. The most consistently affected QoL domain was embarrassment and self‐consciousness. Further psychosocial implications of AA included bullying and limiting participation in school or spare time activities. Existing evidence indicates a substantial impact of AA on QoL in children. In daily clinical practice as well as for developing new treatments QoL in paediatric AA plays a critical role. It should be considered a key outcome in clinical research and decision‐making.
A single silk‐ and multiple pollen‐expressed PMEs at the Ga1 locus modulate maize unilateral cross‐incompatibility
Authors: Zhang Zhaogui , Li Kai , Zhang Huairen , Wang Qiuxia , Zhao Li , Liu Juan , Chen Huabang 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACTThe Gametophyte factor1 (Ga1) locus in maize confers unilateral cross‐incompatibility (UCI), and it is controlled by both pollen and silk‐specific determinants. Although the Ga1 locus has been reported for more than a century and is widely utilized in maize breeding programs, only the pollen‐specific ZmGa1P has been shown to function as a male determinant; thus, the genomic structure of the Ga1 locus and all the determinants that control UCI at this locus have not yet been fully characterized. Here, we used map‐based cloning to confirm the determinants of UCI at the Ga1 locus and maize pan‐genome sequence data to characterize the genomic structure of the Ga1 locus. The Ga1 locus comprises one silk‐expressed pectin methylesterase gene (PME) (ZmGa1F) and eight pollen‐expressed PMEs (ZmGa1P and ZmGa1PL1‐7). Knockout of ZmGa1F in Ga1/Ga1 lines leads to the complete loss of the female barrier function. The expression of individual ZmGa1PL genes in a ga1/ga1 background endows ga1 pollen with the ability to overcome the female barrier of the Ga1 locus. These findings, combined with genomic data and genetic analyses, indicate that the Ga1 locus is modulated by a single female determinant and multiple male determinants, which are tightly linked. The results of this study provide valuable insights into the genomic structure of the Ga2 and Tcb1 loci and will aid applications of these loci in maize breeding programs.
Analysis of pathogen distribution and antimicrobial resistance at infected sites in plastic surgery
Authors: Jiang Fengli , Su Xueshang , Dai Yuduo , Shen Hang , Hu Jintian , Wu Lingsong , Wu Yuanyuan , Zhan Sien 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveBy analyzing the distribution and drug resistance of common pathogen in different sites in plastic surgery to provide reference for clinicians to choose the best antibacterial treatment plan.MethodsPathogens of postoperative infection in plastic surgery from January 2011 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed to determine the species and quantity, and to access the trend of each pathogen's detection rate. The antibiotic sensitivity and distribution characteristics of common pathogens were studied in conjunction with the site of infection.ResultsA total of 1709 bacterial strains were detected, including 1244 gram‐positive bacterial strains and 465 gram‐negative bacterial strains. The main pathogen of perineum was Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa), while Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) was the most common pathogen in the other infected sites. The detection rate of methicillin‐resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and methicillin‐resistant coagulase‐negative staphylococcus (MRCNS) was on the rise from 2011 to 2021. No S. aureus and coagulase‐negative staphylococcus (CoNS) strains were resistant to vancomycin. The sensitive rate of S. aureus from all parts and CoNS from all sites except lower limbs and mandible was higher than 80% to linezolid. The resistance rate of S. aureus and CoNS in all parts to penicillin, clindamycin, and erythromycin was high. The susceptibility rate of CoNS in lower mandible was high to gentamicin.ConclusionsStaphylococcus aureus was the primary pathogen of gram‐positive bacteria in all site of plastic surgery except perineum, followed by CoNS. The distribution and drug resistance of pathogen in different infection sites were different. We should formulate more accurate and reasonable antibacterial programs according to drug resistance results of various parts to reduce the emergence of resistant strains and effectively prevent and control infection.
Methodological quality of dignity‐related patient reported outcome measures used in acute hospital settings: A systematic review using the COSMIN methodology
Authors: Fuseini Abdul‐Ganiyu , Redley Bernice , Rawson Helen , Ley Lenore , Kerr Debra 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAims and ObjectiveThe aim of this systematic review was to examine the methodological quality of dignity‐related patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) used to measure patients' dignity during acute hospitalisation using the Consensus‐based Standards for the selection of health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) methodology for systematic review of PROMs.BackgroundPrevious scoping review studies on the methodological quality of dignity‐related PROMs lack specificity for dignity during acute hospital admission. They included PROMs that were developed to measure constructs of care other than patient dignity or designed to measure dignity in contexts outside of the acute hospital setting.Study DesignA systematic review based on COSMIN methodology.MethodsA systematic search was undertaken using five databases (CINAHL Complete, Medline Complete, EMBASE, PsycINFo and AgeLine) for articles published between 2000 and 2022. Relevant papers were identified using strict adherence to eligibility criteria, and studies that included development of dignity‐related PROMs for use in acute hospital settings were selected. Two reviewers independently screened the identified papers, extracted data and examined the quality of studies.ResultsSix papers met the inclusion criteria. Two PROMs, the 25‐item Patient Dignity Inventory and the 34‐item Inpatient Dignity Scale, met the COSMIN quality criteria because of their sufficient quality of evidence for content validity and reliable internal consistency. None of the PROMs met the quality criteria for assessment of measurement error, criterion validity, cross‐cultural validity and responsiveness.ConclusionWe recommend the Patient Dignity Inventory and the Inpatient Dignity Scale as the PROMs of choice for evaluating patients' dignity and/or dignified care during acute hospital admissions. These PROMs were developed using robust procedures with sufficient overall quality for content validity, internal consistency reliability and other measurement properties, and with moderate to high quality of evidence for these measurement properties. Researchers and clinicians who wish to use other dignity‐related PROMs identified in this review should consider the methodological limitations of these PROMs, as highlighted in the present systematic review.Relevance to clinical practiceThe review findings will guide healthcare professionals about their choice of patient reported outcome measures for evaluating patients' dignity or dignified care during acute hospitalisation.
Diagnosis of HDV: From virology to non‐invasive markers of fibrosis
Authors: Majeed Nehna Abdul , Hitawala Asif A. , Heller Theo , Koh Christopher 
Published: January 2023

AbstractHepatitis D viral infection in humans is a disease that requires the establishment of hepatitis B, relying on hepatitis B surface Ag and host cellular machinery to replicate and propagate the infection. Since its discovery in 1977, substantial progress has been made to better understand the hepatitis D viral life cycle, pathogenesis and modes of transmission along with expanding on clinical knowledge related to prevention, diagnosis, monitoring and treatment. The availability of serologic diagnostic assays for hepatitis D infection has evolved over time with current widespread availability, improved detection and standardized reporting. With human migration, the epidemiology of hepatitis D infection has changed over time. Thus, the ability to use diagnostic assays remains essential to monitor the global impact of hepatitis D infection. Separately, while liver biopsy remains the gold standard for the staging of this rapidly progressive and severe form of chronic viral hepatitis, there is an unmet need for clinical monitoring of chronic hepatitis D infection for management of progressive disease. Thus, exploration of the utility of non‐invasive fibrosis markers in hepatitis D is ongoing. In this review, we discuss the virology, the evolution of diagnostics and the development of non‐invasive markers for the detection and monitoring of fibrosis in patients with hepatitis D infection.
ENHANCED GRAVITROPISM 2 coordinates molecular adaptations to gravistimulation in the elongation zone of barley roots
Authors: Guo Li , Klaus Alina , Baer Marcel , Kirschner Gwendolyn K. , Salvi Silvio , Hochholdinger Frank 
Published: January 2023

Summary

Root gravitropism includes gravity perception in the root cap, signal transduction between root cap and elongation zone, and curvature response in the elongation zone. The barley (Hordeum vulgare) mutant enhanced gravitropism 2 (egt2) displays a hypergravitropic root phenotype.

We compared the transcriptomic reprogramming of the root cap, the meristem, and the elongation zone of wild‐type (WT) and egt2 seminal roots upon gravistimulation in a time‐course experiment and identified direct interaction partners of EGT2 by yeast‐two‐hybrid screening and bimolecular fluorescence complementation validation.

We demonstrated that the elongation zone is subjected to most transcriptomic changes after gravistimulation. Here, 33% of graviregulated genes are also transcriptionally controlled by EGT2, suggesting a central role of this gene in controlling the molecular networks associated with gravitropic bending. Gene co‐expression analyses suggested a role of EGT2 in cell wall and reactive oxygen species‐related processes, in which direct interaction partners of EGT2 regulated by EGT2 and gravity might be involved.

Taken together, this study demonstrated the central role of EGT2 and its interaction partners in the networks controlling root zone‐specific transcriptomic reprogramming of barley roots upon gravistimulation. These findings can contribute to the development of novel root idiotypes leading to improved crop performance.