bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hepatoprotective and Nephroprotective Effects of Haronga (Harungana madagascariensis) in Combination with Antioxidant Compounds in Albino Spraque Dawley Rats
Authors: Okwulu Oluwadunni Joan , Abatan Matthew Oluwole 
Published: July 2023

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Harungana madagascariensis stem bark ethyl acetate extract with antioxidants on the liver and kidney in rats.
Study Design: Experimental.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Ibadan (from January-February, 2020).
Methodology: This was done using Albino rats (Wistar) grouped into 12 of 5 animals per group for protective studies,ethyl acetate extract (EHM) of the plant at 100mg/kg, 200mg/kg and 500mg/kg in combination with each of Ascorbic acid (200mg/kg), Selenium (1mg/kg) and/or Allopurinol (50mg/kg). Group I-III are control groups, IV-VI EHM/Ascorbic acid, groups VII-IX EHM/Se, and groups X-XII EHM/AL. The combination were administered for 8 days prior acetaminophen (800mg/kg) on day 9. Animals were sacrificed on day 10 and samples were collected for biochemical and histopathological evaluations.
Results: The study showed that acetaminophen induced-stress on the liver and kidney causing increase in liver biomarkers such as the aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphate (ALP), creatinine, blood urea, total protein and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT). The combination of H. madagasacariensis Ethyl acetate extract with Ascorbic acid, Allopurinol and/or Selenium at different doses causes protective effects by reducing the release of biomarkers and stabilized the elevated enzymes level shown in acetaminophen group. The histopathology of the liver in the acetaminophen group showed moderate portal congestion with mild periportal cellular infiltration and a moderate to severe portal fibrosis, while the kidney showed severe diffuse tubular degeneration and necrosis.
Conclusion: The EHM (500 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg) in combination with Ascorbic acid, Allopurinol or Selenium protected the liver and kidney from injury induced by Acetaminophen. The Ethyl acetate extract (EHM) of the plant showed synergy with Ascorbic acid, Selenium and Allopurinol to prevent injury on both organs.
Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Prevalence in Oropharynx Squamous Cell Carcinomas (OPSCC) in Brazil: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis
Authors: Ferreira Chrystiano Campos , Rossin Pedro Luiz Florentino , Santos Nathalia Araújo dos , Sella Drielly Gomes Barbosa , Lemos Beatriz Torriani , Ferreira Herika Rangel 
Published: July 2023

Background: Oropharynx squamous cell carcinomas (OPSCC) are an important public health problem. Our study aimed to conduct a systematic review with a metanalysis of the human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence in OPSCC in Brazil.
The aim of our study was to conduct a systematic review with metanalysis about the level of Knowledge of the relation between human papillomavirus (HPV) and OPSCC among university students
Methodology: We conducted a systematic review according to the recommendations of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). We searched MEDLINE/PubMed, SCOPUS, EMBASE and Lilacs for articles published up to March 2023.
Results: A total of 260 studies were retrieved with our search strategy, in addition, we included 3 articles manually. After removing duplicate articles, 156 studies remained. Reading the titles and abstracts of these studies, 34 studies were eligible to read the full article. After reading the full text of the selected articles, we excluded 21 articles for reasons such as: no access to the full text (n = 2), literature reviews, systematic reviews, case studies (n = 3), conference proceedings, thesis (n = 6), studies with few participants (n = 2) and studies that did not address the topic (n=8). There were 13 studies left that were included in this systematic review.
Conclusion: This study revealed a pooled prevalence of 18% of HPV in OPSCC in Brazil
Critical Review of Bioenergy Applications and Sustainable Development: Evidence from Uganda
Authors: Mutumba Geoffrey Ssebabi 
Published: July 2023

This study investigates bioenergy applications and sustainable development in Uganda. Traditional biomass dominates Uganda’s energy mix with 89% of overall primary energy consumption. Uganda must reduce traditional biomass energy consumption, if it is to reinforce its sustainable development goals. It seeks to assess bioenergy applications; it also analyses drivers and barriers of biomass consumption.
Bioenergy is a renewable energy source that is conveniently available. This explains why it is dominating in most of the Sub-Saharan Africa. However, most of this is the traditional biomass, because of the insufficient technology to modernise its use in the developing world. This study is to provide a useful pattern for this transition from traditional to modern bioenergy use to occur.
The findings indicate an in-built use of traditional biomass because of the drivers that outweigh the constraints of its use. Suggested policy measures to transition to modern biomass energy consumption are made.
This study provides critical review of bioenergy application and development in the Ugandan setting. This is a landmark in informing the economic planner on the right policy direction of diversifying energy use from traditional to modern sources.
Effect of Some Nut Extracts and Ginger on the Lipid Profile of Hepatitis B Infected Mice
Authors: Baeka Glory Barinuaka , Wekeh-Emenike Aruchi 
Published: July 2023

Aim: The determination of the effect of the tiger nut, coconut, coconut &tiger nut milk and ginger extract on the lipid profile of HBV infected mice
Study Design: The study was conducted using adult mice of which some where infected with hepatitis B virus while some which were not infected, served as control.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out at the Rivers State University animal house and the study lasted for 2 months.
Methodology: Adult healthy mice were grouped into five (5). The groups 2 to 5 mice were infected with HBV and the infection was confirmed using HBsAg rapid kit after which those in groups, 3, 4 and 5 were given the extracts. The blood samples of the mice were collected and analyzed.
Results: The results showed that the TC, TG, HDL, LDL and VDL for the group1mice which were not inoculated had mean values of 4.63mmol/l,1.82mmol, 1.79mmol/l, 3.43mmol/l, 0.85mmol/l. The group 2 had mean values of 4.9mmol/l, 2.31mmol/l, 1.72mmol/l, 4.1mmol/l, 0.92mmol/l. The third group given the tigernut and ginger extract showed mean values of 4.7mmol/l, 2.04mmol/l, 1.9mmol/l, 3.83mmol/l, 0.63mmol/l. The fourth group given the coconut and ginger extract had mean values of 4.6mmol/l, 1.97mmol/l, 1.74mmol/l, 3.75mmol/l, 0.9mmol/l respectively. While the fifth group given the combination of coconut, tiger nut and ginger extract had mean values of 5.09mmol/l, 2.04mmol/l, 1.59mmol/l, 4.4mmol/l and 0.93mmol/l respectively.
Conclusion: The tigernut and coconut individual extract with ginger, had positive impacts with the coconut extract with ginger having a better impact on the lipid profile of the infected mice.
Long-Term Survival, Prognostic Factors, and Selection of Patients With Colorectal Cancer for Liver Transplant
Authors: Dueland Svein , Smedman Tor Magnus , Syversveen Trygve , Grut Harald , Hagness Morten , Line Pål-Dag 
Published: July 2023

ImportanceLiver transplant for colorectal cancer with liver metastases was abandoned in the 1990s due to poor overall survival. From 2006, liver transplant for in nonresectable colorectal liver metastases has been reexamined through different prospective trials.ObjectiveTo determine predictive factors for transplant long-term survival and cure after liver transplant.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis was a prospective, nonrandomized controlled cohort study derived from different clinical trials on liver transplant for colorectal liver metastases from 2006 to 2020 at Oslo University Hospital. The trials differed in prognostic inclusion criteria, but the design was otherwise identical regarding follow-up scheme to determine disease recurrence, overall survival, and survival after relapse. Final data analysis was performed on December 31, 2021. All patients with colorectal liver metastases from comparable prospective liver transplant studies were included.ExposureLiver transplant.Main outcomes and measuresDisease-free survival, overall survival, and survival time after recurrence were determined in all participants.ResultsA total of 61 patients (median [range] age, 57.8 [28.7-71.1] years; 35 male [57.4%]) underwent liver transplant at Oslo University Hospital. Posttransplant observation time ranged from 16 to 165 months, and no patient was lost to follow-up. Median disease-free period, overall survival, and survival after relapse were 11.8 (95% CI, 9.3-14.2) months, 60.3 (95% CI, 44.3-76.4) months, and 37.1 (95% CI, 4.6-69.5) months, respectively. Negative predictive factors for overall survival included the following: largest tumor size greater than 5.5 cm (median OS, 25.3 months; 95% CI, 15.8-34.8 months; P &amp;lt;.001), progressive disease while receiving chemotherapy (median OS, 39.8 months; 95% CI, 28.8-50.7 months; P = .02), plasma carcinoembryonic antigen values greater than 80 μg/L (median OS, 26.6 months; 95% CI, 22.7-30.6 months; P &amp;lt;.001), liver metabolic tumor volume on positron emission tomography of greater than 70 cm3 (26.6 months; 95% CI, 11.8-41.5 months; P &amp;lt;.001), primary tumor in the ascending colon (17.9 months; 95% CI, 0-37.5 months; P &amp;lt;.001), tumor burden score of 9 or higher (23.3 months; 95% CI, 19.2-27.4 months; P = .02), and 9 or more liver lesions (42.5 months; 95% CI, 17.2-67.8 months; P = .02). An Oslo score of 0 or Fong Clinical Risk Score of 1 yielded 10-year survival of 88.9% and 80.0%, respectively.Conclusions and relevanceResults of this nonrandomized controlled trial suggest that selected patients with liver-only metastases and favorable pretransplant prognostic scoring had long-term survival comparable with conventional indications for liver transplant, thus providing a potential curative treatment option in patients otherwise offered only palliative care.
Management of Endoleaks After Elective Infrarenal Aortic Endovascular Aneurysm Repair
Authors: Cifuentes Sebastian , Mendes Bernardo C. , Tabiei Armin , Scali Salvatore T. , Oderich Gustavo S. , DeMartino Randall R. 
Published: July 2023

ImportanceEndovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) is the dominant treatment strategy for abdominal aortic aneurysms, encompassing 80% of all repairs in the United States. Endoleaks are ubiquitous and affect 30% of patients treated by EVAR, potentially leading to sac enlargement and increased risk of rupture. The care of EVAR patients requires long-term surveillance by a multidisciplinary team. Accordingly, physicians should be familiar with the fundamentals of endoleak management to achieve optimal outcomes, including timely referral for remediation or providing counseling and reassurance when needed.ObservationsPubMed and the Cochrane database were searched for articles published between January 2002 and December 2022 in English, addressing epidemiology, diagnosis, and management of endoleaks after EVAR. Endoleaks can be detected intraoperatively or years later, making lifelong surveillance mandatory. Type I and III have the highest risk of rupture (7.5% at 2 years and 8.9% at 1 year, respectively) and should be treated when identified. Intervention should be considered for other types of endoleak when associated with aneurysm sac growth larger than 5 mm based on current guidelines. Type II endoleaks are the most common, accounting for 50% of all endoleaks. Up to 90% of type II endoleaks resolve spontaneously or are not associated with sac enlargement, requiring only observation. Although the risk of rupture is less than 1%, cases that require reintervention are challenging. Recurrence is common despite endovascular treatment, and rupture can occur without evidence of sac growth. Type IV endoleaks and endotension are uncommon, are typically benign, and primarily should be observed.Conclusions and RelevanceEndoleak management depends on the type and presence of sac expansion. Type I and III endoleaks require intervention. Type II endoleaks should be observed and treated selectively in patients with significant sac expansion. Since endoleaks can appear any time after EVAR, at least 1 contrast-enhanced computed tomographic angiogram or duplex ultrasound by an experienced laboratory is recommended every 5 years.
Superlithiophilic, Ultrastable, and Ionic‐Conductive Interface Enabled Long Lifespan All‐Solid‐State Lithium‐Metal Batteries under High Mass Loading
Authors: Lu Guanjie , Liu Wei , Yang Zuguang , Wang Yumei , Zheng Weikang , Deng Rongrui , Wang Ronghua , Lu Li , Xu Chaohe 
Published: July 2023

AbstractGarnet‐type Li6.4La3Zr1.4Ta0.6O12 (LLZTO) suffers from instability against moist air, poor interfacial contact with anode, and serious dendrite issue, which greatly impede its practical application in all‐solid‐state lithium batteries (ASSLBs). Herein, a superlithiophilic, moisture‐resistant, and robust interlayer is demonstrated to overcome these obstacles by in situ forming an AlF3 interlayer on the LLZTO surface. Thanks to the unique property, the AlF3‐modified LLZTO offers a significantly reduced interfacial resistance by more than two orders of magnitude (from 527.5 Ω cm2 for the pristine Li/LLZTO to 1.3 Ω cm2 for the surface‐engineered interface), achieves a critical current density of 1.2 mA cm−2 and long‐term stability of over 4000–4700 h, and endows regulated Li plating/stripping behaviors. Specifically, ASSLBs coupled with LiFePO4 and LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 (NCM811) cathodes can stably charge/discharge over 400 and 100 cycles at 0.5 and 0.2 C at 25 °C, with retentions of >80.0% and Coulombic efficiencies of >99.9%, respectively. Particularly, the NCM811‐based full ASSLB with large mass loading of 8.3 mg cm−2 also delivers a discharge‐specific capacity as high as 199.1 mAh g−1 with good rate capability, even approaching to the liquid cells. This study demonstrates a practical solution to address the interfacial challenges and paves the way for practical progress of ASSLBs.
Getting the basics right on soil enzyme activities: A comment on Sainju et al. (2022)
Authors: Margenot Andrew J. , Wade Jordon 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSoil enzyme activities have been measured since the mid‐20th century to help understand how agricultural management practices impact nutrient cycling, and are now considered biological indicators of soil health. However, misconceptions persist about what soil enzyme activities represent and how activities can or cannot be interpreted. The publication by Sainju et al. in Agrosystems, Geosciences & Environment that seeks to evaluate how soil enzyme activities relate to crop yields exemplifies many of these issues. We therefore provide a constructive diagnosis and critique of five common misunderstandings and even errors exemplified by this work. Our ultimate goal in this critique is to catalyze a better understanding of soil enzyme activities and identify where research is needed to close knowledge gaps.
Multi‐objective design optimization of microreactor arrays for distributed renewable energy conversion: A case study
Authors: Fu Kaihao , Wang Xinjie , Li Ping , Cao Chenxi , Du Wenli 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRenewable energy accommodation entails extensive use of modular devices, whose performance degrades remarkably from the lab scale to the industrial scale. This work presents a multi‐objective design optimization approach for modular devices scale‐up as exemplified by hierarchical numbering‐up of reverse water‐gas shift microreactors. The optimization objectives cover a wide span of competing system performance metrics, including the reaction performance, energy efficiency, space occupation, environmental impact, and costs. The decision variables involve the hierarchical geometry, branching, and inter‐stack connection schemes of the microreactor stacks. The obtained Pareto‐optimal designs suggest that multiple short stacks with small intra‐stack distribution channels and large inter‐stack connection tubes can well balance cost and performance. Meanwhile, single‐stack structures with large distribution channels are more suitable for portable applications. The methodology not only can be extended to the numbering‐up of various types of microreactors but also has essential guidance for the integration design of other modular devices.
Point‐of‐care ultrasonography—An essential skill for medical graduates?
Authors: Yastrebov Konstantin , Costello Cartan , Taylor Ben , Torda Adrienne 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe recent proliferation of point‐of‐care ultrasonography (POCUS) in the clinical practice of many medical specialties has exposed persistent barriers to education, training and standardisation. Specialist training curriculums are already overwhelming, having grossly insufficient time available for the specialist trainees and for the small number of available trainers alike to incorporate POCUS into postgraduate education. The logical solution to overcome these barriers could be to incorporate basic POCUS education and training into the undergraduate university curriculums, introducing longitudinal integration with other relevant medical sciences. The Australasian Society of Ultrasound in Medicine already has well‐established educational programmes in POCUS with standardised assessment of competency, which could potentially offer the basis for symbiosis with the Australian and New Zealand medical schools.
No evidence for cognitive decline or neurodegeneration in strain‐matched Grin3a knockout mice
Authors: Verhaeghe Remy , Elía‐Zudaire Oscar , Escamilla Sergio , Sáez‐Valero Javier , Pérez‐Otaño Isabel 
Published: July 2023

AbstractN‐methyl‐D‐aspartate (NMDA) receptor (NMDAR) dysregulation is thought to contribute to impaired cognition and neurodegeneration in a variety of brain disorders. In a recent article, Zhong et al. proposed that deficiency of the NMDAR subunit GluN3A may be a primary pathogenic factor in sporadic Alzheimer´s disease (AD) based on evidence for degenerative excitotoxicity and cognitive impairment in aging mice lacking GluN3A. Because the result appeared to be at odds with earlier work where genetic GluN3A deletion enhanced learning in younger mice, we have now compared wild‐type and GluN3A knockout mice at later life stages using a congenic mouse strain. Rather than age‐dependent cognitive decline or neurodegeneration, we find that the enhanced performance of young adult GluN3A knockouts in memory tasks persists during aging. In sum, our analysis does not support the hypothesis that GluN3A loss underlies cognitive impairment in AD..
White matter hyperintensities are higher among early‐onset Alzheimer's disease participants than their cognitively normal and early‐onset nonAD peers: Longitudinal Early‐onset Alzheimer's Disease Study (LEADS)
Authors: Eloyan Ani , Thangarajah Maryanne , An Na , Borowski Bret J. , Reddy Ashritha L. , Aisen Paul , Dage Jeffrey L. , Foroud Tatiana , Ghetti Bernardino , Griffin Percy , Hammers Dustin , Iaccarino Leonardo , Jack Clifford R. , Kirby Kala , Kramer Joel , Koeppe Robert , Kukull Walter A. , La Joie Renaud , Mundada Nidhi S , Murray Melissa E. , Nudelman Kelly , Rumbaugh Malia , Soleimani‐Meigooni David N. , Toga Arthur , Touroutoglou Alexandra , Atri Alireza , Day Gregory S. , Duara Ranjan , Graff‐Radford Neill R. , Honig Lawrence S. , Jones David T. , Masdeu Joseph , Mendez Mario F. , Musiek Erik , Onyike Chiadi U. , Rogalski Emily , Salloway Stephen , Sha Sharon , Turner Raymond S. , Wingo Thomas S. , Wolk David A. , Womack Kyle , Beckett Laurel , Gao Sujuan , Carrillo Maria C. , Rabinovici Gil , Apostolova Liana G. , Dickerson Brad , Vemuri Prashanthi ,   and the LEADS Consortium
Published: July 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONWe compared white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) in early‐onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD) with cognitively normal (CN) and early‐onset amyloid‐negative cognitively impaired (EOnonAD) groups in the Longitudinal Early‐Onset Alzheimer's Disease Study.METHODSWe investigated the role of increased WMH in cognition and amyloid and tau burden. We compared WMH burden of 205 EOAD, 68 EOnonAD, and 89 CN participants in lobar regions using t‐tests and analyses of covariance. Linear regression analyses were used to investigate the association between WMH and cognitive impairment and that between amyloid and tau burden.RESULTSEOAD showed greater WMHs compared with CN and EOnonAD participants across all regions with no significant differences between CN and EOnonAD groups. Greater WMHs were associated with worse cognition. Tau burden was positively associated with WMH burden in the EOAD group.DISCUSSIONEOAD consistently showed higher WMH volumes. Overall, greater WMHs were associated with worse cognition and higher tau burden in EOAD.Highlights
This study represents a comprehensive characterization of WMHs in sporadic EOAD.
WMH volumes are associated with tau burden from positron emission tomography (PET) in EOAD, suggesting WMHs are correlated with increasing burden of AD.
Greater WMH volumes are associated with worse performance on global cognitive tests.
EOAD participants have higher WMH volumes compared with CN and early‐onset amyloid‐negative cognitively impaired (EOnonAD) groups across all brain regions.
Electrospinning Polyanionic Materials for High‐Rate Na Storage
Authors: Yang Yi , Xu Shitan , Zhu Wensun , Xu Chen , Rui Xianhong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAs emerging energy storage devices, sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) are perceived as promising alternatives to lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) due to their low cost and high safety. The cathodic side plays a crucial role in determining the energy density as well as the service life of SIBs, and the polyanionic cathode materials are featured by excellent cycle stability, flexible operating voltage and suitable overall electrochemical properties. However, the intrinsic inferior electronic conductivity limits their rate performance. Recently, the possibility of employing advanced electrospinning techniques to fabricate polyanionic materials has been explored. The facile electrospinning can greatly facilitate the ionic and electronic conduction of cathodes by constructing three‐dimensional (3D) conductive networks with the one‐dimensional (1D) nanofibers, and thus improves their electrochemical performance. In this review, we summarize the research progress of the electro‐spun polyanionic cathodic materials and their applications in SIBs, and present future prospects as well as challenges of the electro‐spun polyanions faced to the ever‐increasing demand of advanced energy storage.