bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RETRACTED: Dynamic Prediction of Outcomes for Youth at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis
Authors: Worthington Michelle A. , Addington Jean , Bearden Carrie E. , Cadenhead Kristin S. , Cornblatt Barbara A. , Keshavan Matcheri , Lympus Cole A. , Mathalon Daniel H. , Perkins Diana O. , Stone William S. , Walker Elaine F. , Woods Scott W. , Zhao Yize , Cannon Tyrone D. 
Published: August 2023

ImportanceLeveraging the dynamic nature of clinical variables in the clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR-P) population has the potential to significantly improve the performance of outcome prediction models.ObjectiveTo improve performance of prediction models and elucidate dynamic clinical profiles using joint modeling to predict conversion to psychosis and symptom remission.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsData were collected as part of the third wave of the North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study (NAPLS 3), which is a 9-site prospective longitudinal study. Participants were individuals aged 12 to 30 years who met criteria for a psychosis-risk syndrome. Clinical, neurocognitive, and demographic variables were collected at baseline and at multiple follow-up visits, beginning at 2 months and up to 24 months. An initial feature selection process identified longitudinal clinical variables that showed differential change for each outcome group across 2 months. With these variables, a joint modeling framework was used to estimate the likelihood of eventual outcomes. Models were developed and tested in a 10-fold cross-validation framework. Clinical data were collected between February 2015 and November 2018, and data were analyzed from February 2022 to December 2023.Main Outcomes and MeasuresPrediction models were built to predict conversion to psychosis and symptom remission. Participants met criteria for conversion if their positive symptoms reached the fully psychotic range and for symptom remission if they were subprodromal on the Scale of Psychosis-Risk Symptoms for a duration of 6 months or more.ResultsOf 488 included NAPLS 3 participants, 232 (47.5%) were female, and the mean (SD) age was 18.2 (3.4) years. Joint models achieved a high level of accuracy in predicting conversion (balanced accuracy [BAC], 0.91) and remission (BAC, 0.99) compared with baseline models (conversion: BAC, 0.65; remission: BAC, 0.60). Clinical variables that showed differential change between outcome groups across a 2-month span, including measures of symptom severity and aspects of functioning, were also identified. Further, intra-individual risks for each outcome were more negatively correlated when using joint models (r = −0.92; P &amp;lt; .001) compared with baseline models (r = −0.50; P &amp;lt; .001).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this study, joint models significantly outperformed baseline models in predicting both conversion and remission, demonstrating that monitoring short-term clinical change may help to parse heterogeneous dynamic clinical trajectories in a CHR-P population. These findings could inform additional study of targeted treatment selection and could move the field closer to clinical implementation of prediction models.
Perinatal Depression Screening Among Sexual Minority Women
Authors: Lapping-Carr Leiszle , Dennard Ashley , Wisner Katherine L. , Tandon S. Darius 
Published: August 2023

ImportanceA substantial number of births in the US are to sexual minority women (17% based on a nationally representative survey), yet there is little research on perinatal depression screening rates or symptom endorsement among sexual minority women (including women who identify as lesbian, bisexual, queer, pansexual, asexual, demisexual, and kinky as well as other-identified women who have sex with women). High rates of risk factors for perinatal depression (eg, intimate partner violence and history of mental illness) among sexual minority individuals magnify this gap in the literature.ObjectiveTo describe the prevalence of female-identified sexual minority people giving birth in an academic medical center and compare perinatal depression screening rates and scores among sexual minority women and heterosexual cisgender women.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis retrospective cohort study used deidentified medical record review of 18 243 female-identified individuals who gave birth at an academic medical center in Chicago, Illinois, between January 1 and December 31, 2019. Data were analyzed from April 5, 2021, to August 1, 2022.Main Outcomes and MeasuresProportion of women identified as having sexual minority status in the medical record, rates of standard care administration of the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire between sexual minority women and heterosexual women, and depression screening scores and rates of positive depression screening results for sexual minority and heterosexual women.ResultsAmong 18 243 women (mean [SD] age, 33.8 [5.1] years; 10 453 [57.3%] of non-Hispanic White race and ethnicity), only 280 (1.5%; 95% CI, 1.3%-1.7%) were identified as having sexual minority status in the medical record. Significantly more sexual minority women vs heterosexual women attended at least 1 prenatal care visit (56 [20.0%] vs 2459 [13.7%]; P = .002) and at least 1 postpartum care visit (52 [18.6%] vs 2304 [12.8%]; P = .004). Sexual minority women were more likely to be screened for depression during postpartum care (odds ratio, 1.77; 95% CI, 1.22-2.52; P = .002) and more likely to screen positive for depression during the postpartum period (odds ratio, 2.38; 95% CI, 0.99-5.02; P = .03) than heterosexual women.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study, sexual minority women identified in the medical record were highly engaged in obstetric care yet at high risk of postpartum depression. In addition, their sexual orientation was largely undocumented in medical records. These results highlight the need for investigations that include strategies for measuring sexual orientation because medical record review is unlikely to reliably capture these sexual identities during the perinatal period.
Spatial distribution characteristics of urban private gardens under the influence ofshiyinconcept (seclusion in the city): Case studies of urban private gardens in Suzhou from the end of the 14th century to the middle of the 18th century
Authors: Zhang Wenda , Wang Xinpeng , Zhang Zhehan , Fang Kai , Fujii Yuri , Furuya Nobuaki 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study examined the spatial distribution characteristics of urban private gardens under the influence of theshiyinconcept (seclusion in the city) by studying urban private gardens in Suzhou from the end of the 14th century to the middle of the 18th century. Under the influence ofshiyin, private gardens were constructed within the city. The urban spatial distribution features of 38 private gardens were analyzed through space syntax and related methods. The results show that (1) locationally, the private gardens were located more in main functional areas instead of suburban areas, and (2) structurally, the urban private gardens were integrated globally and separated locally in the urban space system. Combined with the discussion ofshiyin, the results show that the reclusion aspect ofshiyinis not related to the location distribution of urban private gardens, but is reflected more at the structural level, with urban private gardens locally separated from urban space systems. This study provides a new perspective to discuss urban private gardens in terms of urban space and suggests a focus on local structural features of private gardens at the medium and micro level of urban space (such as streets and blocks).
Sustained Release of Neuroprotective Drugs Curcumin and Edaravone from Supramolecular Hydrogel for Ischemic Stroke Treatment
Authors: Jia Yanpeng , Zhang Yi , Zhan Wenjun , Wang Yu , Sun Xianbao , Zhang Yuan , Liu Xiaoyang , Han Bing , Bai Ying , Shen Ling , Liang Gaolin , Yao Honghong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIschemic stroke is a major cause of death and disability worldwide. The poor drug delivery to cerebral ischemic regions remains a challenging issue for ischemic stroke treatment. Curcumin (Cur) and edaravone (EDV) show remarkable therapeutic effects on ischemic stroke. However, the short half‐life and poor aqueous solubility limit their application for long‐term and effective neuroprotection. Cur and EDV with a well‐studied hydrogelator Nap‐Phe‐Phe‐Tyr‐OH (NapFFY) is co‐assembled to prepare a novel supramolecular peptide hydrogel EDV/Cur/NapFFY, which can improve their bioavailability and transport the hydrophobic drugs to ischemic sites precisely by local administration. In vitro release test demonstrate that co‐assembly with NapFFY enables continuous release of Cur and EDV for about two weeks. Animal studies found that EDV/Cur/NapFFY hydrogel can effectively promote brain plasticity and enhance the functional recovery on the photothrombotic mouse model. Overall, the work reveales the great application potential of supramolecular peptide hydrogel delivery system EDV/Cur/NapFFY in promoting repair and recovery of ischemic stroke.
Tailoring Mid‐Gap States of Chalcogenide Glass by Pressure‐Induced Hypervalent Bonding Towards the Design of Electrical Switching Materials
Authors: Xu Meng , Xu Qundao , Gu Rongchuan , Wang Songyou , Wang Cai‐Zhuang , Ho Kai‐Ming , Wang Zhongrui , Xu Ming , Miao Xiangshui 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPhase change memory (PCM) and ovonic threshold switching (OTS) materials using chalcogenide glass are essential elements in advanced 3D memory chips. The mid‐gap states, induced by the disorder and defects in the glass, are the physical mechanisms of the electrical switching behavior, while the origin of these trap states is still under debate and the medium‐range clusters that break the global octet rule, such as over‐coordinated atoms, are known to be responsible in various glass. Here, it is discovered that a large fraction of over‐coordinated clusters fails to generate mid‐gap states, which are probably caused by hypervalent bonding, a multi‐centered covalent bond participated by delocalized lone‐pair electrons. This is confirmed by the pressure‐driven simulations of amorphous GeSe models, in which it is found that octahedral motifs and hypervalent bonds prevent the over‐coordinated medium‐range clusters from providing excessive electrons. In practical applications, compatible dopants can be used to change the number of hypervalent bonds, thus controlling the number of mid‐gap states and consequently the performance of PCM and OTS materials. These results reveal the origin of mid‐gap states in chalcogenide glasses, enabling extensive control in the development of pioneering electrical switching materials.
Unlocking the Potential of Lithium Metal Batteries With a Sulfite‐Based Electrolyte
Authors: Pham Thuy Duong , Bin Faheem Abdullah , Kim Junam , Kwak Kyungwon , Lee Kyung‐Koo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractLithium metal batteries (LMBs) have the potential to significantly increase the energy density of advanced batteries in the future. Nonetheless, the dendritic lithium structures and low Coulombic efficiency (CE) of LMBs currently impede their applied implementation. Herein, a sulfite‐based electrolyte (SBE/FEC), including 1.0 m lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide in a blend of ethylene sulfite and diethyl sulfite, and 5 wt% fluoroethylene carbonate is proposed. SBE/FEC is a highly efficient inhibitor against the growth of lithium dendrites through the formation of robust solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer. Raman spectroscopy and theoretical calculation indicate that in SBE/FEC, a significant portion of FSI− exists in associated complexes, playing a vital role in the creation of LiF‐rich passivation. Besides, the sulfite solvents decompose and yield polysulfide complexes in the SEI layer. A direct correlation between the proportion of cation–anion complexes and the contact angle between electrolyte and separator is elucidated through molecular dynamics simulations. The SBE/FEC system exhibits high CEs (98.3%) with Li||Cu cells, along with a steady discharge capacity of ≈137 mA h g−1 in Li||LiFePO4 cell. This study presents an effective approach for enhancing LMBs with sulfite‐based electrolytes, which can lead to high‐energy‐density next‐generation rechargeable batteries.
Combination Therapy with Resveratrol and Celastrol Using Folic Acid‐Functionalized Exosomes Enhances the Therapeutic Efficacy of Sepsis
Authors: Zheng Xue , Xing Yujie , Sun Ke , Jin Hongzhen , Zhao Wei , Yu Fan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractOveractivated macrophages are a prominent feature of many inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, including sepsis. Attention and regulation of macrophages activity is of great significance for sepsis treatment. Herein, this study shows that folic acid‐functionalized exosomes accumulate in the lung of septic mice and specifically target inflammatory macrophages. Therefore, FA‐functionalized exosomes co‐loaded with resveratrol (an anti‐inflammatory polyphenol) and celastrol (an immunosuppressive pentacyclic triterpenoid; FA‐Exo/R+C), which exhibit powerful anti‐inflammatory and immunosuppressive activities against LPS‐stimulated macrophages in vitro by regulating NF‐κB and ERK1/2 signaling pathways, are designed. Encouraged by these positive data, the efficacy of FA‐Exo/R+C is systematically investigated in an LPS‐induced mouse sepsis model. FA‐Exo/R+C shows striking therapeutic benefits in terms of attenuated cytokine storm, reduced acute lung injury, and increased survival of septic mice by inhibiting the inflammation and proliferation of proinflammatory M1 macrophages. Importantly, multiple administrations of FA‐Exo/R+C significantly enhance and prolong the protective effect, and resist rechallenge to LPS. Collectively, the strategy of co‐delivering drugs combination through functionalized exosomes offers a new avenue for sepsis treatment.
Colossal Optical Anisotropy from Atomic‐Scale Modulations
Authors: Mei Hongyan , Ren Guodong , Zhao Boyang , Salman Jad , Jung Gwan Yeong , Chen Huandong , Singh Shantanu , Thind Arashdeep S. , Cavin John , Hachtel Jordan A. , Chi Miaofang , Niu Shanyuan , Joe Graham , Wan Chenghao , Settineri Nick , Teat Simon J. , Chakoumakos Bryan C. , Ravichandran Jayakanth , Mishra Rohan , Kats Mikhail A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMaterials with large birefringence (Δn, where n is the refractive index) are sought after for polarization control (e.g., in wave plates, polarizing beam splitters, etc.), nonlinear optics, micromanipulation, and as a platform for unconventional light–matter coupling, such as hyperbolic phonon polaritons. Layered 2D materials can feature some of the largest optical anisotropy; however, their use in most optical systems is limited because their optical axis is out of the plane of the layers and the layers are weakly attached. This work demonstrates that a bulk crystal with subtle periodic modulations in its structure—Sr9/8TiS3—is transparent and positive‐uniaxial, with extraordinary index ne = 4.5 and ordinary index no = 2.4 in the mid‐ to far‐infrared. The excess Sr, compared to stoichiometric SrTiS3, results in the formation of TiS6 trigonal‐prismatic units that break the chains of face‐sharing TiS6 octahedra in SrTiS3 into periodic blocks of five TiS6 octahedral units. The additional electrons introduced by the excess Sr form highly oriented electron clouds, which selectively boost the extraordinary index ne and result in record birefringence (Δn > 2.1 with low loss). The connection between subtle structural modulations and large changes in refractive index suggests new categories of anisotropic materials and also tunable optical materials with large refractive‐index modulation.
Digital Manufacturing of Functional Ready‐to‐Use Microfluidic Systems
Authors: Karamzadeh Vahid , Sohrabi‐Kashani Ahmad , Shen Molly , Juncker David 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDigital manufacturing (DM) holds great potential for microfluidics, but requirements for embedded conduits and high resolution beyond the capability of common manufacturing equipment, and microfluidic systems' dependence on peripheralshave limited its adoption. Capillaric circuits (CCs) are structurally encoded, self‐contained microfluidic systems that operate and self‐fill via precisely tailored hydrophilicity. CCs are heretofore hydrophilized in a plasma chamber, but which offers only transient hydrophilicity, lacks reproducibility, and limits CC design to open surface channels subsequently sealed with tape. Here, the additive DM of monolithic, fully functional, and intrinsically hydrophilic CCs is reported. CCs are 3D printed with commonly available light‐engine‐based 3D printers using poly(ethylene glycol)diacrylate‐based ink co‐polymerized with hydrophilic acrylic acid crosslinkers and optimized for hydrophilicity and printability. A new, robust capillary valve design and embedded conduits with circular cross‐sections that prevent bubble trapping are presented, interwoven circuit architectures created, and CC use illustrated with an immunoassay. Finally, the external paper capillary pumps are eliminated by directly embedding the capillary pump in the chip as a porous gyroid structure, realizing fully functional, monolithic CCs. Thence, a digital file can be made into a CC by commonly available 3D printers in less than 30 min enabling low‐cost, distributed DM of fully functional ready‐to‐use microfluidic systems.
3D Printing of High Viscosity UV‐Curable Resin for Highly Stretchable and Resilient Elastomer
Authors: Huang Xianmei , Peng Shuqiang , Zheng Longhui , Zhuo Dongxian , Wu Lixin , Weng Zixiang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractElastomers prepared via vat photopolymerizationus ually exhibit unsatisfied mechanical properties owing to their insufficient growth of molecular weight upon UV exposure. Increasing the weight ratio of oligomer in the resin system is an effective approach to enhance the mechanical properties, yet the viscosity of the UV‐curable resin increases dramatically; this hinders its printing. In this study, a linear scan‐based vat photopolymerization (LSVP) system which can print high‐viscosity resins is implemented to 3D print the oligomer‐dominated UV‐curable resin via a dual‐curing mechanism. A polyurethane methacrylate blocking oligomer is first synthesized and then mixed with a commercialized bifunctional oligomer, photoinitiator, and primary amine as a chain extender to prepare high‐viscosity UV‐curable resin for the LSVP system. The deblocked isocyanate is further crosslinked with a chain extender via thermal treatment to construct a highly entangled polymer chain network. The optimal thermal treatment parameters are investigated, and the resilience of the 3D‐printed elastomer is evaluated through continuous tensile loading and unloading tests. Subsequently, complex structured elastomers are printed, exhibiting favorable mechanical durability without defects. The results obtained from this work will provide a reference for preparing elastomeric devices with excellent physical properties and expand the application scope of vat photopolymerization to new fields.
Engineering the Intrinsic Chirality of Plasmonic Au@Pd Metamaterials for Highly Sensitive Chiroplasmonic Hydrogen Sensing
Authors: Lv Xiali , Wu Fengxia , Tian Yu , Zuo Peng , Li Fenghua , Xu Guobao , Niu Wenxin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMetal helicoid nanoparticles with intrinsic 3D chiral structures have emerged as a new class of plasmonic metamaterials with outstanding chiroplasmonic properties. Despite the considerable potential of metal helicoid nanoparticles in chiroplasmonic sensing, their sensing capabilities remain elusive, stressing the need for the rational chirality engineering of helicoid nanoparticles. In this report, Au@Pd helicoid nanoparticles with engineered chiroplasmonic properties and integrated hydrogen sensing capabilities are rationally synthesized. As chiroplasmonic metamaterials, the Au@Pd helicoid nanoparticles exhibit unprecedented sensitivity for hydrogen chiroplasmonic sensing in the visible range. A significant circular dichroism red‐shift as large as 206.1 nm can be achieved when they are exposed to hydrogen. Such a high sensitivity outperforms all the plasmonic hydrogen sensors in the visible range. Besides sensitivity, the chiroplasmonic sensing platform shows a good linear range of 1.5–6.0% hydrogen concentration with higher figure of merit, excellent selectivity, and good reusability. To further demonstrate its applicability, this chiroplasmonic hydrogen sensing platform is utilized to investigate hydrogen absorption and desorption kinetics on Pd. This study heralds a new paradigm for plasmonic hydrogen sensing and highlights the tremendous potential of utilizing helicoid nanoparticles as chiroplasmonic sensing metamaterials by chirality engineering.
Navigating Visible‐Light‐Triggered (aza and thia) Paternò‐Büchi Reactions for the Synthesis of Heterocycles
Authors: Zhang Qing‐Bao , Yang Yongqi , Zhang Shanshan , Liu Qiang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHarnessing visible light to trigger (aza and thia) Paternò‐Büchi reaction injects new vitality into [2+2] photocyclization reaction and enable impressive reactivity modes. The popular (aza and thia) Paternò‐Büchi reaction is one of the most efficient ways to synthesize strained four‐membered heterocycles. Recently, visible‐light‐triggered (aza and thia) Paternò‐Büchi reactions have received considerable attentions as this strategy has overcome some long‐standing challenges, and remarkable achievements have been made within this field. Strained four‐membered heterocyclics with favorable properties provide a perfect combination of stable skeletons for pharmaceutical chemistry and reaction intermediates for further transformation. In this review, we highlight the most recent advances in visible‐light‐triggered (aza and thia) Paternò‐Büchi reaction with an emphasis on reaction mechanism and applications. Organization of the review follows a subdivision according to reaction type and substrate classes.
Fast and Non‐equilibrium Uptake of Hydrogen by Pd Icosahedral Nanocrystals
Authors: Zhou Siyu , Figueras‐Valls Marc , Shi Yifeng , Ding Yong , Mavrikakis Manos , Xia Younan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe report for the first time that Pd nanocrystals can absorb H via a “single‐phase pathway” when particles with a proper combination of shape and size are used. Specifically, when Pd icosahedral nanocrystals of 7‐ and 12‐nm in size are exposed to H atoms, the H‐saturated twin boundaries can divide each particle into 20 smaller single‐crystal units in which the formation of phase boundaries is no longer favored. As such, absorption of H atoms is dominated by the single‐phase pathway and one can readily obtain PdHx with anyx in the range of 0–0.7. When switched to Pd octahedral nanocrystals, the single‐phase pathway is only observed for particles of 7 nm in size. We also establish that the H‐absorption kinetics will be accelerated if there is a tensile strain in the nanocrystals due to the increase in lattice spacing. Besides the unique H‐absorption behaviors, the PdHx (x=0–0.7) icosahedral nanocrystals show remarkable thermal and catalytic stability toward the formic acid oxidation due tothe decrease in chemical potential for H atoms in a Pd lattice under tensile strain.