bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Related to Avian Influenza (H5N1) After the Outbreak in Rural, Cambodia
Authors: Vang Daraden , Chau Darapheak , Vutha Kimim , Um Samnang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractFrom 2003 to 25 February 2023, the avian influenza (H5N1) virus was confirmed in 59 human infections, including 39 deaths (∼66% case-fatality rate) reported in 13 of 25 provinces in Cambodia. We aimed to assess current knowledge, attitude, and practice toward changes in poultry handling behaviors, poultry consumption, and poultry mortality reporting among rural villagers in areas affected by Avian influenza (H5N1) in Cambodia. A cross-section survey was conducted in August 2023. There were 208 participants residing in Prey Veng province who were invited to be interviewed face-to-face. Descriptive statistics were performed using STATA V17. The participants’ average age was 55 years old (SD=13.3 years), 78.4% were female, 59% had completed primary school, 56.7% were farmers, 68.3% raised chickens in their backyards, and 10.2% raised ducks, 23% of participants cooked sick or dead birds for their families, 32% knowing information about avian influenza virus was a lower proportion from healthcare providers, 10.6% from village health support groups were, and 2% from village animal health workers were only, 49% have been reported poultry illness and deaths to local authorities. The avian influenza epidemic in Cambodia is a genuine threat to animals and a possible concern to humans. To prevent and control this, we strongly advise everyone who works with poultry or wild game birds always to be prepared to follow appropriate hygiene standards and to cook poultry meat properly.
Improving the cost efficiency of preventive chemotherapy: impact of new diagnostics on stopping decisions for control of schistosomiasis
Authors: Coffeng Luc E. , Graham Matthew , Browning Raiha , Kura Klodeta , Diggle Peter J. , Denwood Matthew , Medley Graham F. , Anderson Roy M , de Vlas Sake J. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundControl of several neglected tropical diseases (NTDs), including schistosomiasis, relies on the regular distribution of preventive chemotherapy (PC) over many years. For the sake of sustainable NTD control, a decision must be made at some stage to scale down or stop PC. These ‘stopping decisions’ are based on population surveys that assess whether infection levels are sufficiently low (typically less than 1%). For schistosomiasis control, concerns have been raised regarding the limited sensitivity of the currently-used diagnostic (Kato-Katz or KK) to detect low intensity infections. The use of new, more sensitive, molecular diagnostics has been proposed.MethodsThrough statistical analysis ofSchistosoma mansoniegg counts collected from Burundi and a simulation study using an established transmission model for schistosomiasis, we investigated the extent to which more sensitive diagnostics can improve decision making regarding stopping or continuing PC for the control ofS. mansoni.ResultsWe found that KK-based strategies perform reasonably well for determining when to stop PC at a local scale. Use of more sensitive diagnostics only leads to a marginally improved health impact (person-years lived with heavy infection) and comes at a cost of continuing PC for longer, unless the decision threshold for stopping PC is adapted upwards. However, if this threshold is set too high, PC may be stopped prematurely, resulting in a rebound of infection levels.ConclusionsWe conclude that the potential value of more sensitive diagnostics lies more in the reduction of survey-related costs than in the direct health impact of improved parasite control.summaryCompared to Kato-Katz faecal thick smears, model-based analyses suggest that the use of more sensitive tests only marginally changes the impact of decisions to locally stop preventive chemotherapy against schistosomiasis in terms of disease burden (person-years lived with heavy infection).
Deacetylation by sirtuins is important forAspergillus fumigatuspathogenesis and virulence
Authors: Wassano Natália Sayuri , da Silva Gabriela Bassi , Reis Artur Honorato , Gerhardt Jaqueline A. , Antoniel Everton P. , Akiyama Daniel , Rezende Caroline Patini , Neves Leandro Xavier , Vasconcelos Elton , Figueiredo Fernanda L. , Almeida Fausto , de Castro Patrícia Alves , Pinzan Camila Figueiredo , Goldman Gustavo H. , Leme Adriana F. P. , Fill Taicia P. , Moretti Nilmar S. , Damasio André 
Published: September 2023

AbstractProtein acetylation is a crucial post-translational modification that controls gene expression and a variety of biological processes. Sirtuins, a prominent class of NAD+-dependent lysine deacetylases, serve as key regulators of protein acetylation and gene expression in eukaryotes. In this study, six single knockout strains of fungal pathogenAspergillus fumigatuswere constructed, in addition to a strain lacking all predicted sirtuins (SIRTKO). Phenotypic assays suggest that sirtuins are involved in cell wall integrity, secondary metabolite production, thermotolerance, and virulence.AfsirEdeletion resulted in attenuation of virulence, as demonstrated in murine andGalleriainfection models. The absence of AfSirE leads to altered acetylation status of proteins, including histones and non-histones, resulting in significant changes in the expression of genes associated with secondary metabolism, cell wall biosynthesis, and virulence factors. These findings encourage testing sirtuin inhibitors as potential therapeutic strategies to combatA. fumigatusinfections or in combination therapy with available antifungals.
QPPLab: A generally applicable software package for detecting, analyzing, and visualizing large-scale quasiperiodic spatiotemporal patterns (QPPs) of brain activity
Authors: Xu Nan , Yousefi Behnaz , Anumba Nmachi , LaGrow Theodore J. , Zhang Xiaodi , Keilholz Shella 
Published: September 2023

AbstractQuasi-periodic patterns (QPPs) are prominent spatiotemporal brain dynamics observed in functional neuroimaging data, reflecting the alternation of high and low activity across brain regions and their propagation along cortical gradients. QPPs have been linked to neural processes such as attention, arousal fluctuations, and cognitive function. Despite their significance, existing QPP analysis tools are limited by study-specific parameters and complex workflows. To address these challenges, we presentQPPLab, an open-source MATLAB-based toolbox for detecting, analyzing, and visualizing QPPs from fMRI time series. QPPLab integrates correlation-based iterative algorithms, supports customizable parameter settings, and features automated workflows to simplify analysis. Processing times vary depending on dataset size and the selected mode, with the fast detection mode completing analyses that can be 4–6 times faster than the robust detection mode. Results include spatiotemporal templates of QPPs, sliding correlation time courses, and functional connectivity maps. By reducing manual parameter adjustments and providing user-friendly tools, QPPLab enables researchers to efficiently study QPPs across diverse datasets and species, advancing our understanding of intrinsic brain dynamics.Metadata
CNTD1 plays crucial roles in prophase I progression and crossover designation during female meiosis and is critical for establishing the ovarian reserve
Authors: Wood Anna J. , Ahmed Rania M. , Simon Leah E. , Bradley Rachel A. , Wolff Ian D. , Cohen Paula E. 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACTIn meiotic prophase I, hundreds of double-strand breaks (DSBs) are formed throughout the genome. A majority of these breaks are repaired as non-crossovers (NCOs), while a minor subset are repaired as crossovers (CO). COs are essential for the faithful segregation of homologous chromsomes at the end of prophase I and errors in CO designation can result in aneuploidy, germ cell death, birth defects, or infertility. These errors are more evident in female meiosis compared to males and suggests that the events of meiotic prophase I are sexually dimorphic with respect to CO formation, placement, resolution, and/or surveillance. Here, we demonstrate a critical role for Cyclin N-Terminal Domain Containing 1 (CNTD1) protein in ensuring appropriate CO frequency and distribution across the genome during meiosis in females. We find that CNTD1 localizes with the heterodimer, MutLγ, which marks the majority of CO that emerge in pachynema of prophase I, implicating CNTD1 in late-stage CO designation and/or maturation. Accordingly, loss ofCntd1in oocytes results in failure to load MutLγ and thus results in a catastrophic loss of chiasmata and sterility. Further investigation yielded a distinct phenotype in which the primordial follicles that form upon dictyate arrest are steadily lost from birth onwards, a temporal loss of follicles that is different to that seen in other CO mutants. We find that this follicle loss inCntd1mutants is dependent on the checkpoint kinase CHK2. Thus, in females, loss ofCntd1appears to result in phenotypes that are temporally disconnected from early and late CO mutants such as MutSγ and MutLγ, which show early prophase I disruption and ablation of ovary structure, and no prophase I disruption and an appearance of wildtype ovaries, respectively. These data suggest novel dual roles for CNTD1 in CO designation and faithful progression of oocytes into dictyate arrest at late pachynema, the latter being critical for establishing the ovarian reserve in female mice.
Towards label-free non-invasive autofluorescence multispectral imaging for melanoma diagnosis
Authors: Knab Aline , Anwer Ayad G. , Pedersen Bernadette , Handley Shannon , Marupally Abhilash Goud , Habibalahi Abbas , Goldys Ewa M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis study focuses on the use of cellular autofluorescence which visualizes the cell metabolism by monitoring endogenous fluorophores including NAD(P)H and flavins. It explores the potential of multispectral imaging of native fluorophores in melanoma diagnostics using excitation wavelengths ranging from 340 nm to 510 nm and emission wavelengths above 391 nm. Cultured immortalized cells are utilized to compare the autofluorescent signatures of two melanoma cell lines to one fibroblast cell line. Feature analysis identifies the most significant and least correlated features for differentiating the cells. The investigation successfully applies this analysis to pre-processed, noise-removed images and original background-corrupted data. Furthermore, the applicability of distinguishing melanomas and healthy fibroblasts based on their autofluorescent characteristics is validated using patient cells with the same evaluation technique. Additionally, the study tentatively maps the detected features to underlying biological processes. This research demonstrates the potential of cellular autofluorescence as a promising tool for melanoma diagnostics.
Social administration of juvenile hormone to larvae increases body size and nutritional needs for pupation
Authors: Negroni Matteo A. , LeBoeuf Adria C. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSocial insects often display extreme variation in body size and morphology within the same colony. In many species, adult morphology is socially regulated by workers during larval development. While larval nutrition may play a role in this regulation, it is often difficult to identify precisely what larvae receive from rearing workers, especially when larvae are fed through social regurgitation. Across insects, juvenile hormone is a major regulator of development. In the antCamponotus floridanusthis hormone is present in the socially regurgitated fluid of workers. We investigated the role the social transfer of juvenile hormone in the social regulation of development. To do this we administered an artificial regurgitate to larvae through a newly developed handfeeding method that was or was not supplemented with juvenile hormone. Orally administered juvenile hormone increased the nutritional needs of larvae, allowing them to reach a larger size at pupation. Instead of causing them to grow faster, the juvenile hormone treatment extended larval developmental time, allowing them to accumulate resources over a longer period. Handfeeding ant larvae with juvenile hormone resulted larger adult workers after metamorphosis, suggesting a role for social transferred juvenile hormone in the colony-level regulation of worker size over colony maturation.
Control of mitophagy initiation and progression by the TBK1 adaptors NAP1 and SINTBAD
Authors: Adriaenssens Elias , Nguyen Thanh Ngoc , Sawa-Makarska Justyna , Khuu Grace , Schuschnig Martina , Shoebridge Stephen , Watts Emily Maria , Csalyi Kitti Dora , Padman Benjamin Scott , Lazarou Michael , Martens Sascha 
Published: September 2023

SUMMARYMitophagy preserves overall mitochondrial fitness by selectively targeting damaged mitochondria for degradation. The regulatory mechanisms that prevent PINK1/Parkin-dependent mitophagy and other selective autophagy pathways from overreacting while ensuring swift progression once initiated are largely elusive. Here, we demonstrate how the TBK1 adaptors NAP1 and SINTBAD restrict the initiation of OPTN-driven mitophagy by competing with OPTN for TBK1. Conversely, they promote the progression of NDP52-driven mitophagy by recruiting TBK1 to NDP52 and stabilizing its interaction with FIP200. Notably, OPTN emerges as the primary recruiter of TBK1 during mitophagy initiation, which in return boosts NDP52-mediated mitophagy. Our results thus define NAP1 and SINTBAD as cargo receptor rheostats, elevating the threshold for mitophagy initiation by OPTN while promoting the progression of the pathway once set in motion by supporting NDP52. These findings shed light on the cellular strategy to prevent pathway hyperactivity while still ensuring efficient progression.
Assessing the role of mitonuclear interactions on mitochondrial function and organismal fitness in naturalDrosophilapopulations
Authors: Bettinazzi S , Liang J , Rodriguez E , Bonneau M , Holt R , Whitehead B , Dowling D.K , Lane N , Camus MF 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACTMitochondrial metabolism is regulated by a series of enzyme complexes, whose function depends on effective interactions between proteins and RNA encoded by the mitochondrial and nuclear genomes. These epistatic interactions are in turn highly sensitive to the environment. Many studies have found that mitochondrial haplotype frequencies of various taxa associate with latitude or altitude, leading to the hypothesis that mitochondrial genomes may respond to thermal selection and contribute to local adaptation. We used aDrosophila melanogasterpanel comprising native (coadapted) populations from the extremes of the Australian east-coast cline, and generated mitonuclear cybrid populations. Our results indicate a strong phenotypic impact of mitonuclear interactions in cybrid lines, involving an apparent trade-off between aerobic capacity and key fitness aspects such as reproduction, growth, and survival. Overall, our study shows that naturally-occurring mitonuclear disruptions can have a meaningful impact on phenotypes, potentially influencing future ecological adaptation and population persistence.
Dopamine enhances multisensory responses in the dorsomedial striatum
Authors: Sáez María , Alegre-Cortés Javier , Morgenstern Nicolás A. , García-Frigola Cristina , de la Torre-Martínez Roberto , Reig Ramón 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACTThe brain operates with simultaneous different sensory modalities in order to engage adaptive responses. However, the question of how (and where) multisensory information is integrated remains unanswered. In the dorsomedial striatum, single medium spiny neurons (MSNs) are excited by tactile and visual inputs; however, the mechanism which allows the integration of these responses and how they are shaped by dopamine is unknown.Usingin vivooptopatch-clamp recordings, we study how dopamine modulates tactile, visual and simultaneous bimodal responses in identified MSNs and their spontaneous activity. Results show that dopamine enhances bimodal responses, specifically in direct pathway MSNs, through the acceleration of the visual responses. We provide anatomical and computational evidence suggesting that this relies on the disinhibition of direct MSNs by a cell-type-specific corticostriatal pathway. Altogether, ourin vivo,in silicoand tracing results propose a new mechanism underlying the synchronization of multimodal information mediated by dopamine.
Increased hippocampal epigenetic age in the Ts65Dn Mouse Model of Down Syndrome
Authors: Ravaioli Francesco , Stagni Fiorenza , Guidi Sandra , Pirazzini Chiara , Garagnani Paolo , Silvani Alessandro , Zoccoli Giovanna , Bartesaghi Renata , Bacalini Maria Giulia 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDown syndrome (DS) is a segmental progeroid genetic disorder associated to multi-systemic precocious ageing phenotypes, which are particularly evident at the immune and nervous systems. Accordingly, people with DS show an increased biological age as measured by epigenetic clocks. Ts65Dn trisomic mouse, which harbors extra-numerary copies of Hsa21-syntenic regions, was shown to recapitulate several progeroid features of DS, but no biomarkers of age have been applied to it so far. Here we used a mouse specific epigenetic clock to measure epigenetic age of hippocampi from Ts65Dn and euploid mice at 20 weeks. Ts65Dn mice showed an increased hippocampal epigenetic age respect to controls, and the observed changes in DNA methylation partially recapitulated those observed in hippocampi from people with DS. Collectively, our results support the use of the Ts65Dn model to decipher the molecular mechanisms underlying the progeroid DS phenotypes.
Detection of reproducible liver cancer specific ligand-receptor signaling in blood
Authors: Safrastyan Aram , Wollny Damian 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCell-cell communication mediated by ligand-receptor interactions (LRI) is critical to coordinating diverse biological processes in homeostasis and disease. Lately, our understanding of these processes has greatly expanded through the inference of cellular communication, utilizing RNA extracted from bulk tissue or individual cells. Considering the challenge of obtaining tissue biopsies for these approaches, we considered the potential of studying cell-free RNA obtained from blood. To test the feasibility of this approach, we used the BulkSignalR algorithm across 295 cell-free RNA samples and compared the LRI profiles across multiple cancer types and healthy donors. Interestingly, we detected specific and reproducible LRIs particularly in the blood of liver cancer patients compared to healthy donors. We found an increase in the magnitude of hepatocyte interactions, notably hepatocyte autocrine interactions in liver cancer patients. Additionally, a robust panel of 30 liver cancer-specific LRIs presents a bridge linking liver cancer pathogenesis to discernible blood markers. In summary, our approach shows the plausibility of detecting liver LRIs in blood and builds upon the biological understanding of cell-free transcriptomes.
Arabidopsis thalianaphytocystatin 6 forms functional oligomer and amyloid fibril states
Authors: Santos Naiá P. , Brandstetter Hans , Dall Elfriede 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCystatins not only encode a high functional variability because of their ability to inhibit different classes of proteases but also because of their propensity to form oligomers and amyloid fibrils. Phytocystatins, essential regulators of protease activity in plants, specifically inhibit papain-like cysteine proteases (PLCPs) and legumains through two distinct cystatin domains. Mammalian cystatins can form amyloid fibrils, however, the potential for amyloid fibril formation of phytocystatins remains unknown. In this study, we demonstrate thatArabidopsis thalianaphytocystatin 6 (AtCYT6) exists as a mixture of monomeric, dimeric, and oligomeric forms in solution. Non-covalent oligomerization was facilitated by the N-terminal cystatin domain, while covalent dimerization occurred through disulfide bond formation in the interdomain linker. The non-covalent dimeric form of AtCYT6 retained activity against its target proteases, papain, and legumain, albeit with reduced inhibitory potency. Additionally, we observed the formation of amyloid fibrils by AtCYT6 under acidic pH conditions and upon heating. The amyloidogenic potential could be attributed to AtCYT6’s N-terminal domain (AtCYT6-NTD). Importantly, AtCYT6 amyloid fibrils harbored inhibitory activities against both papain and legumain. These findings shed light on the oligomerization and amyloidogenic behavior of AtCYT6, expanding our understanding of phytocystatin biology and its potential functional implications in plant protease regulation.
CDK8/19 Inhibition Attenuates G1 Arrest Induced by BCR-ABL Antagonists and Accelerates Death of Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia Cells
Authors: Khamidullina Alvina I. , Yastrebova Margarita A. , Bruter Alexandra V. , Nuzhina Julia V. , Vorobyeva Nadezhda E. , Khrustaleva Anastasia M. , Varlamova Ekaterina A. , Tyakht Alexander V. , Abramenko Yaroslav E. , Ivanova Ekaterina S. , Zamkova Maria A. , Li Jing , Lim Chang-Uk , Chen Mengqian , Broude Eugenia V. , Roninson Igor B. , Shtil Alexander A. , Tatarskiy Victor V. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractImatinib mesylate (IM) and other BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitors (BCR-ABLi) are the mainstay of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) treatment. However, activation of circumventing signaling pathways and quiescence may limit BCR-ABLi efficacy. CDK8/19 Mediator kinases have been implicated in the emergence of non-genetic drug resistance. Dissecting the effects of pharmacological CDK8/19 inhibition on CML survival in response to BCR-ABLi, we found that a selective, non-toxic CDK8/19 inhibitor (CDK8/19i) Senexin B (SenB) and other CDK8/19i sensitized K562 cells to different BCR-ABLi via attenuation of cell cycle arrest. In particular, SenB prevented IM-induced upregulation of genes that negatively regulate cell cycle progression. SenB also antagonized IM-activated p27Kip1elevation thereby diminishing the population of G1-arrested cells. After transient G1 arrest, cells treated with IM+SenB re-entered the S phase, where they were halted and underwent replicative stress. Consequently, the combination of IM and SenB intensified apoptotic cell death, measured by activation of caspase 9 and 3, subsequent cleavage of poly(ADPriboso)polymerase 1, positive Annexin V staining and increase of subG1 fraction. In contrast, IM-treated BCR-ABL-positive KU812 CML cells, which did not induce p27Kip1, readily died regardless of SenB treatment. Thus, CDK8/19i prevent the quiescence-mediated escape from BCR-ABLi-induced apoptosis, suggesting a strategy for avoiding the CML relapse.