bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Directorate-General for Translation’s gender-neutral English guidelines (1998-2022)
Authors: López-Medel María 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Ten years before the European Parliament adopted the Gender-neutral language in the European Parliament multilingual guidelines (2008), the European Commission’s Directorate-General for Translation had already included a section on this subject in the third edition of its English Style Guide (1998). The original text was later reproduced in other European Union’s style guides, namely the Interinstitutional Style Guide, the European Commission Style Guide and the ephemeral European Commission Guidelines for Inclusive Communication, withdrawn shortly after publication due to political and religious complaints. After a quarter of a century, the guidelines have drifted apart through their respective updates. What are the exact inconsistencies of the current style guides? How do the changes reflect developments in the field of inclusive language? And do the guidelines include gendered terms and expressions relevant for EU linguists? A unified EU policy on linguistic sexism across its languages and institutions expressed in a set of relevant and coherent language guidelines seems vital to enabling and fostering the implementation of non-sexist language as a gender mainstreaming tool in the EU.
Metaphoric construction of corruption in Nigerian media discourse
Authors: Kamalu Ikenna , Anasiudu Okwudiri , Fakunle Rabiat Oiza 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Conceptual metaphor theory (CMT) and cultural linguistics (CL), which form the chief theoretical anchor for this study, express the role of language, culture and cognition in the construal and expression of human experiences. The approaches posit that the metaphorical use of language by an individual or group is shaped by their ideological orientation, knowledge of their natural and social world, and their cultural worldview. This study investigates the metaphorical use of language by the Nigerian print media in their attempts to express ideation on corruption in the Nigerian public sector. There has not been any deliberate and rigorous attempt to study the metaphorical representation of corruption in the Nigerian media discourse, hence this study aims at addressing the lacuna. Thus, this study uses insights from CMT and CL to identify, classify and analyse some of these metaphors in six Nigerian newspapers, namely; The Guardian, Punch, Daily Trust, The Nation, Vanguard and The Sun. The study shows that print media reports of corruption in Nigeria involving powerful social actors such as politicians, government appointees, career civil servants, academics, the military, the media and others have often used metaphorical frames that emanate from the domains of disease, war and conflict, enmity, impediment to movement, violent natural forces, monstrosity, among others, to describe the incidence, scope, effects and consequences of public sector corruption in Nigeria.
Cirurgia de controle de danos no cenário do trauma: finalidade, indicações e elegibilidade dos pacientes
Authors: Talah Barbara Antonia Dups , Silva Anderson Ricardo Cantareli da , Moreira Gabriela Magosso , Pinheiro Ingrid Cristhine , Rezende Laís Lorençon de , Catanozi Maila Baracioli , Ohe Natalia Tiemi , Santos Nicole de Oliveira , Silva Rayanne de Araujo , Lopes Bruno Augusto 
Published: June 2023

Objetivo: Analisar o conteúdo sobre a cirurgia de controle de danos (CCD) e seu papel no trauma, assim como as suas indicações e perfil dos pacientes. Revisão bibliográfica: A CCD é um tratamento que tem como objetivo amenizar uma situação de prognóstico desfavorável. Os quadros que a CCD busca corrigir são de pacientes que possuem a Tríade Letal que consiste em hipotermia, acidose metabólica e coagulopatia. A utilização da CCD pode ser necessária em situações de trauma, mas é preciso levar em consideração vários fatores antes de indicar este procedimento. Ademais, os melhores candidatos para CCD em pacientes não traumáticos, são do sexo masculino com mais de 70 anos com múltiplas comorbidades, níveis elevados de lactato com acidose e sepse grave ou choque séptico. Em politraumatizados com hemorragia maciça o procedimento tem sido amplamente utilizado. Considerações finais: O provável candidato para tal procedimento será aquele em que a chance de sobrevida à cirurgia definitiva seja inferior devido ao comprometimento fisiológico grave. No entanto, essa escolha terapêutica continua sendo debatida devido a variabilidades nas indicações práticas, nos critérios para elegibilidade e ainda, na experiência do cirurgião, já que esses ainda são subjetivos.
Design of a Biocatalytic Flow Reactor Based on Hierarchically Structured Monolithic Silica for Producing Galactooligosaccharides (GOSs)
Authors: Dejoma Riccardo , Buscemi Andrea , Cutrona Emilio , Shahgaldian Patrick 
Published: June 2023

Climate change mitigation requires the development of greener chemical processes. In this context, biocatalysis is a pivotal key enabling technology. The advantages of biocatalysis include lower energy consumption levels, reduced hazardous waste production and safer processes. The possibility to carry out biocatalytic reactions under flow conditions provides the additional advantage to retain the biocatalyst and to reduce costly downstream processes. Herein, we report a method to produce galactooligosaccharides (GOSs) from a largely available feedstock (i.e. lactose from dairy production) using a flow reactor based on hierarchically structured monolithic silica. This reactor allows for fast and efficient biotransformation reaction in flow conditions.
Creación de AECA y sus primeros 20 años de actividad (1979-1999)
Authors: Cañibano Calvo Leandro 
Published: June 2023

Con motivo del 20º aniversario de AECA, 1979 – 1999, tuvieron lugar algunos actos conmemorativos, dándose cuenta en ellos de los eventos y actividades más significativas desarrollados por la Asociación, desde el germen de la idea de su creación, el grupo promotor inicial, su presentación pública en el hotel Ritz de Madrid, su reconocimiento como ‘Asociación de utilidad pública’, la constitución de sus primeras Comisiones de Estudio sobre Principios Contables y Valoración de Empresas, hasta los logros alcanzados por la misma a lo largo del período examinado: Cuatro mil socios, seis Comisiones de Estudio, diversos Comités y Grupos de Trabajo, un importante fondo editorial que incluía cuatro revistas periódicas, más de un centenar de documentos, numerosas monografías y estudios, dieciocho entre Congresos y Encuentros, numerosas Jornadas y reuniones profesionales y científicas, Premios, Becas, Ayudas, una Cátedra a punto de ser creada, y una AECA virtual que prueba la rápida inmersión de nuestra Asociación en la sociedad y la economía de la información y la comunicación.
Data Analysis of Emergency Department Length of Stay for Patients Presenting with Headaches
Authors: Giat Eitan , Dreyfuss Michael , Giat Yahel 
Published: June 2023

Aim/Purpose.
Patients’ length of stay in emergency departments (ED) is a widespread problem that poses great hardship on patients and health providers alike. This paper’s purpose is to reduce length of stay (LOS) for patients presenting to the ED with headaches.

Background.
The increasing number of patients admitted to emergency departments challenges administrators to find ways to reduce the length of stay in the ED. The purpose of this paper is to quantify the potential reduction in LOS by modifying patient flow in the ED, for patients presenting with non-traumatic headache who require a non-contrast head computerized tomography (CT).

Methodology.
A 41-month retrospective review was performed for all patients presenting to the Sheba ED with non-traumatic headache as the chief complaint and that were referred to CT during their visit. We distinguished between patients that had undergone the standard patient flow of first seeing a physician and only then referred to CT and patients that were sent to CT directly from the triage station, which is run by a triage nurse. For the former group, we identified their main patient flow epochs: arrival, triage nurse, physician referral to CT, performing CT, discharge.

Contribution.
The contribution is two-fold. First, a practical recommendation for changes in patient workflow to reduce LOS. Second, it demonstrates how medical records can be used to analyze “what-if” scenarios on patient flow.
Findings	During the period under review, there were 5501 headache patients out of a total of 196681 walk-in ED visits, a ratio of 2.79% (95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 2.72%-2.86%). Of the headache patients, 2961 patients were referred to CT and their LOS was 394 minutes (95% CI: 387-401). Modifying the standard patient flow so that patients are sent from triage immediately to CT will potentially reduce 121 minutes (95% CI: 118-124) from their LOS. These potential savings are concentrated mainly in the p.m. hours.

Recommendations for Practitioners.
The potential LOS reduction can be achieved by modifying current patient flow for patients presenting to the ED with non-traumatic headache. Modifications should focus on late afternoon and evening hours. Accordingly, different proposals addressing the nature of these proposals are discussed.

Recommendations for Researchers.
There is a plethora of information available in electronic medical records, which is yet to be harnessed to improve the management of health systems. Researchers could apply techniques used in this paper to benefit the health systems.

Impact on Society.
Reducing LOS will positively affect not only patients who will receive faster service, but also health provider that are currently are operating in a crowded and stressful environment.

Future Research.
The research can be expanded to other common patient main complaints such as abdominal pain or orthopedic injuries.
Centralisation of cash management: still advisable?
Authors: Westerman Wim , Christian Bartsch 
Published: June 2023

Aim: This article builds upon recent evidence that centralisation of cash management activities, often advocated by enthusiast protagonists from the academic, corporate and consultancy world, has given way to decentralisation thereof. The aim of the article is to underpin the idea that such moves may be good.
Research design: The article provides an historical overview on the centralisation starting in the 1980s, stagnating later on and reversing recently, not just for reasons of political tensions and pandemic reasons.
Findings: There are structural reasons for firms being more critical on centralisation of cash management, including still lasting limits to its implementation and recent changes in the corporate and finance sectors.
Originality: The present study argues that firms may rightfully decentralise the cash management, while also making clear to there are no “one fits all” solutions to the issue.
Implications: Firms may want to overthink the organisation of their cash management in the light of new developments. Follow-up research in terms of case studies and surveys may help to further guide them.
Keywords: cash management, (de-) centralisation, role of banks
JEL: B27, G20, L23
Does audit committee matter? Evidence from Tanzanian listed firms.
Authors: Mnzava Bernard 
Published: June 2023

Aim: The primary role of audit committees is to provide oversight in the financial reporting, audit process, internal controls and in compliance with regulations and laws. The objective of this paper is to investigate the impact of board audit committees attributes on firm performance.
Design/Research methods: Using a sample of firms publicly traded on the Dar es Salaam Stock Exchange (DSE) during 1998–2018; this paper estimated fixed effects regressions to tests the hypotheses developed.
Conclusions/findings: The results show that audit committee attributes are positively linked with firm financial performance. Specifically, the findings reveal that audit committee attributes as measured by audit committee meetings, existence of audit committees, audit committee size and audit committee independence have positive impact on corporate performance as measured by return on sales (ROS) and profitability. These findings confirmed that firms having audit committees performed better than those without audit committees.
Originality/value of the article: There is scarce research which examines the link between audit committees and firm performance in developing countries. To date, there is no study that has investigated the relationship between audit committee characteristics and firm performance in Tanzania. This paper provides new evidence on the relationship between audit committee attributes and firm performance in Tanzanian environment.
Implications of the research: Overall, the findings recommend existence of large independent audit committees which conducts their meetings regularly as it is ideally enhances firm financial performance.
Keywords: Audit committee attributes, corporate governance, firm performance, Tanzania
JEL: G3, N27
Соціальні проблеми української сім’ї (на прикладі населення Київщини)
Authors: Атаманська Світлана 
Published: June 2023

У статті досліджено соціальні проблеми української сім’ї. Про­ана­лізовано становище української сім’ї в сучасному суспільстві. У результаті проведеного опитування визначено основні соціальні про­блеми та потреби жителів досліджених сіл Бучанського району Київ­ської області. З’ясовано, які ж саме проблеми турбують українські сім’ї, що призводить до краху сімейних стосунків. Сучасна українська сім’я зіштовхнулась із проблемою нестабільності життєвих планів в умовах війни, економічної нестабільності, у результаті чого відбу­ва­ється стійка орієнтація подружжя на сімʼю, у котрій менше ніж двоє дітей.
Зокрема, виокремлено вісім найголовніших проблем: війна в Україні, низький рівень зарплат, пенсій, зростання цін, безробіття, транспортне сполучення, медичне обслуговування, високі комунальні тарифи. Проаналізовано соціально-демографічні особливості зайня­то­сті населення. Розглянуто основні фактори, що впливають на якість життя населення. Визначено оцінку доброботу життя в сучасних умо­вах. Обгрунтовано вплив соціальної політики держави населення та запропоновано напрями покращення якості життя української сім’ї.
Co-Existing Point of Equilibrium in Discretization of Fractional-Order Prey and Predator Model
Authors: Satriyantara Rio , Anggraeni Dara Puspita , Dewi Irma Risvana , Utama Alfian Eka 
Published: June 2023

In this work, a discretization process of a fractional-order prey and predator model is discussed. The aim of this work is to describe the population phenomenon which contains prey and predator. In this research, the prey and predator model by Ghosh et al. (2017) is used. The model has an unique form because it contains prey refuge and additional food to predator. In order to give more details on prey and predator population, the model then modified into fractional order and then discretized. The discretization model has three points of equilibrium and one of them named co-existing point of equilibrium. The numerical simulation is used to perform the stability. The numerical simulation is controlled by using mathematical programming language. It resulted that the co-existing point of equilibrium tends to be stable or converge if a small value of (time step) is selected. Otherwise, if a larger value of is selected, then oscillatory is appeared which means the point of equilibrium become unstable or diverge.
Effect of Lemon Marination on Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) and Quality of Chicken Satay
Authors: Yunita Citra Nurma , Radiati Lilik Eka , Rosyidi Djalal 
Published: June 2023

This study aims to determine the effect of different lemon marinates on Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) and quality of chicken satay. The percentages of lemon used 0%, 5 %, 10 % and 15 %. Chicken meat was marinated for 10 minutes in a homogeneous. The study used a Nested Completely Randomized Design. Parameters used were physical quality (pH, cooking loss and WHC), chemical quality (moisture, fat and protein content) and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs). Data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), if the results of statistical analysis significant or very significant differences were obtained Duncan's test (UJBD) and descriptive PAH. The results of statistical analysis showed that the use of lemons marinates with different proportions had a very significant effect (P<0,01) on pH, cooking loss, WHC and moisture, fat content had a significant effect (P<0,05) but had no significant effect (P>0,05) on protein content. Chicken satay with 15% lemon marinates showed non-detectable results PAH. The study concluded that lemon marinates can reduce the content of PAH carcinogens and affect the quality of chicken satay. The lowest levels of PAHs were found in the chicken satay that was marinated with a 15% lemon marinates.
Strategi Promosi Wisata Kebun Kopi Senaru Melalui Vidio Virtual Guiding (Senaru Coffee Plantation Tourism Promotion Strategy Through Virtual Guiding Video)
Authors: Ni Wayan Sri Suliartini  , Abdul Muta’alli Anwar  , Ahmad Alfan Ansori  , Baiq Rizki Liani Putri  , Baiq Widiawati  , Dano Syahputra  , Erni Febrian  , Ihsan Itqanul Amal  , Mila Diniatun  , Sarah Lehani Mitchell  , Yulia Kartika Yanti  , Pande Komang Suparyana  
Published: June 2023

Desa Senaru merupakan salah satu desa yang terletak di kaki Gunung Rinjani, tepatnya di Kecamatan Bayan, Kabupaten Lombok Utara. Desa Senaru memiliki 15 dusun dengan budaya dan adat istiadat yang masih kental dan salah satu dari 99 desa wisata dari 10 kabupaten/ kota yang berada di Nusa Tenggara Barat. Kebun kopi Senaru adalah salah satu tempat wisata yang berpotensi untuk dikembangkan. Kebun kopi yang terletak di dataran tinggi menampilkan pemandangan hutan dan air terjun Tiu Kelep. Kendala yang dihadapi oleh Desa Senaru adalah minimnya promosi wisata Kebun Kopi Senaru, khususnya potensi tentang tanaman obat di tempat tersebut. Alternatif solusi yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengatasi hal tersebut yaitu dengan membuat video promosi dengan konsep virtual guiding. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini agar video promosi yang dibuat dapat tersampaikan untuk wisatawan lokal maupun wisatawan internasional. Langkah pertama dalam persiapan pembuatan video adalah menyiapkan informasi tentang wisata kebun kopi Senaru. Informasi yang diberikan meliputi lokasi, fasilitas pendukung, view utama yang tampak dari ketinggian kebun kopi serta tanaman-tanaman yang berpotensi sebagai tanaman obat. Metode yang digunakan adalah tahap persiapan pembuatan naskah, persiapan peralatan penunjang pembuatan video, pengambilan video, serta pengeditan. Kegiatan ini dapat berjalan dengan baik dan dapat memberikan wawasan dan pengetahuan bagi para wisatawan lokal maupun internasional tentang potensi tanaman obat yang ada di Kebun Kopi Senaru dan keindahan pemandangan di kebun kopi Senaru. Hasil kegiatan ini adalah sebuah video yang memandu penonton untuk menikmati keindahan alam di wisata kebun kopi Senaru. Vidio vitual guiding telah diunggah pada laman youtube, dan dapat disaksikan pada https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eiGm9rJPxjw
Effect of Fine Materials on the Compressive Strength and Workability of Concrete
Authors: Muhammed Hakim Saeed , Kadum Kadum Taha , Ahmed Muhammed Ali , Getfan Nabeel , Zehra Asaad Abdul 
Published: June 2023

This paper studies the effect of different ratios of clay addition on the concrete properties. Most of the standards limit the ratio of the clay in aggregates due to its harmful effect on the concrete properties. For example, ASTM C33 limits the fine contents in fine aggregate to 5% whereas the ratio of clay lumps is limited to 0.5% as deleterious substances included in the fine materials as very fine substances .This study has considered many ratios of clay addition(0%,2%,3%,4% and 5%) of the total aggregate weight to the concrete mixes and observed the governed values of compressive strengths and workability. A series of cube groups were fabricated with different water-cement ratios (0.45,0.5 and 0.55) and different mix ratios(1:1:2,1:1.5:3 and 1:2:4).It is seen that as the ratio of clay increases, slump decreases; therefore, more water will be needed to reach a reasonable workability while the compressive strength is severely affected in high ratios of clay existence. There is no effect of age on the ratio of strength decrease when a high ratio of clay is added or existed. The strength will decrease by about 33% if a 5% of clay is available in fine material. This study has come as a result of investigating the reasons behind the continuous deterioration in concrete cubes that came to the laboratory for the aim of testing through local construction companies and contractors who are working in most of projects all over the middle region governorates in Iraq.
BUCKLING AND STRESS ANALYSIS OF STIFFENED CYLINDRICAL SHELL STRUCTURE UNDER HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE
Authors: Bader Qasim H. , Abdul Zuhra Israa S. 
Published: June 2023

The present work investigates stress analysis and buckling analysis of cylindrical shell. It had been wide applications in the industry especially in mechanical and nuclear applications.. etc. The most common type of failure which may be happen in this type of structure was the buckling when was subjected to external hydrostatic pressure which represents the aim of this work. The buckling happen due to transfer major amount of strain energy into bending energy which leads to sudden failure in the structure. To avoid this type of failure the cylindrical shell must be stiffened by adding Â stiffeners rings along the shell from internal or external surface. In this work two types of stiffeners existed, longitudinal and circumferential stiffeners based on the direction of the installation on the shell surface. In this work the critical pressure due to buckling was calculated numerically by using ANSYS15 for both stiffened and un-stiffened cylinder for various location and installing types, strengthening of the cylinder causes a significant increase in buckling pressures than non reinforced cylinder. Also the deflection for stiffened cylinder is function to mode shape and increasing with increasing the mode number because when the mode is increased, the strength of cylinder is increased and this leads to lower deflection. Also the stress analysis due to buckling for different depths of sea water was done to find the critical depth which may be the stresses exceeded the elastic limit. |And from stress analysis results, it is observed that there is not a huge difference in stresses between stiffened shell and un-stiffened shell in similar boundary and loading condition so the value of stresses in stiffened shell is a little lower compared to un-stiffened shell.
REDUCTION OF COD FROM SIMULATED WASTEWATER BY FABRICATED HYDROPHOBIC MEMBRANE
Authors: Jasem Nidaa Adil 
Published: June 2023

Hydrophobic membrane was fabricated using 15% of Polysulfone (PSF) as a polymer and 85% of dimethylformamide (DMF) as a solvent by phase inversion method. Distilled Â water was used to test water flux and membrane permeation. Scanning electron microscope was used to study the structural changes on the membrane surface. Synthetic wastewater was used to test the efficiency of the hydrophobic membrane. Membrane efficiency examined by chemical oxygen demand (COD) percentage removal. The results showed that the pure water flux dropped from 85 L/m2.hr to 75 L/m2.hr. for the first run and from 86 L/m2.hr to 82 L/m2.hr for the second and third runs. For synthetic wastewater the flux dropped from 75 to 38 L/m2.hr, 75 L/m2.hr to 52 L/m2.hr and 75 to 45 L/m2.hr for the first, second and third runs, respectively. Removal efficiency of COD was 90% after 10 days, then it dropped down to 70 %, after cleaning the membrane, the removing increased up to 90% after 8 days.