bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Butyrate and hexanoate-enriched triglycerides increase postprandrial systemic butyrate and hexanoate in men with overweight/obesity: A double-blind placebo-controlled randomized crossover trial
Authors: van Deuren Thirza , Smolders Lotte , Hartog Anita , Bouwman Freek G. , Holst Jens J. , Venema Koen , Blaak Ellen E. , Canfora Emanuel E. 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundShort chain fatty acids (SCFA) are increasingly recognized for their potential ability to alleviate obesity-associated chronic low-grade inflammation and disturbed energy homeostasis. Evidence suggests that an increase in circulating SCFA might be necessary to induce beneficial alterations in energy metabolism.ObjectiveTo compare the bioaccessibility of two different SCFA-enriched triglycerides: Akovita SCT (butyrate and hexanoate esterified with long chain fatty acids) and tributyrin/caproin (solely butyrate and hexanoate) and investigate whether the SCFA from orally administrated Akovita SCT reach the circulation and affect postprandial metabolism in men with overweight/obesity.MethodsThe site, speed, and amount of SCFA release from Akovita SCT and tributyrin/caproin were assessed in a validated In vitro Model of the stomach and small intestine (TIM-1). Subsequently, a double-blind placebo-controlled randomized crossover study was conducted at Maastricht University with fourteen men with overweight/obesity (BMI 25–35 kg/m2) of which twelve men finished all testdays and were included for analysis. The participants received a liquid high fat mixed meal test containing either a low (650 mg), medium (1,325 mg), or high dose (2,000 mg) of Akovita SCT or a placebo (sunflower oil) in randomized order. Blood was sampled at baseline and after ingestion for 6 h for the primary outcome plasma butyrate and hexanoate concentration. Secondary outcomes included hydrogen breath, appetite, gastrointestinal complaints, circulating glucagon-like peptide 1, free fatty acids, glucose, triglycerides, insulin, and cytokines concentrations.ResultsIn TIM-1, tributyrin/caproin was rapidly cleaved in the gastric compartment whereas the release of SCFA from Akovita SCT occurred predominantly in the small intestine. In vivo, all doses were well-tolerated. The medium dose increased (P &lt; 0.05) and the high dose tended to increase (P &lt; 0.10) postprandial circulating butyrate and both doses increased circulating hexanoate (P &lt; 0.05) compared to placebo. Nevertheless, Akovita SCT supplementation did not affect any secondary outcomes compared to placebo.ConclusionEsterifying SCFA-enriched triglycerides with long chain fatty acids delayed SCFA release from the glycerol backbone. Akovita SCT increased postprandial circulating butyrate and hexanoate without changing metabolic parameters in men with overweight/obesity. Future randomized clinical trials should investigate whether long-term Akovita SCT supplementation can aid in the treatment or prevention of metabolic disorders.Clinical trial registrationwww.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT04662411.
Roasting treatments affect oil extraction rate, fatty acids, oxidative stability, antioxidant activity, and flavor of walnut oil
Authors: Li Huankang , Han Jiajia , Zhao Zhongkai , Tian Jinhu , Fu Xizhe , Zhao Yue , Wei Changqing , Liu Wenyu 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionThe quality of pressed walnut oil can be improved by moderate roasting treatment.MethodsThis study compared physicochemical characteristics and antioxidant ability of walnut oils pressed from differently roasted pretreated walnuts, analyzed the correlation among these indicators by using Pearson correlation coefficient and correlation coefficient heatmap, and evaluated the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of walnut oil under optimal pretreatment roasting conditions using headspace-gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (HS-GC-IMS).ResultsHierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA) were able to remarkably distinguish walnut oil produced by different roasting processes. In addition, correlation analysis showed that there was a significant impact among indicators. There were 73 VOCs were identified in the optimum roasted treated walnut oil, consisting of 30 aldehydes, 13 alcohols, 11 ketones, 10 esters, 5 acids, 2 oxygen-containing heterocycles, 1 nitrogen-containing heterocycle and 1 other compound. GC-IMS results showed that aldehydes contributed significantly to the volatile flavor profile of walnut oil, especially (E)-2-heptenal, (E)-2-pentenal and hexenal.DiscussionThe properties of walnut oil based on varying roasting pretreatment of walnut kernels were significantly differentiated. Roasting at 120°C for 20 min is a suitable pretreatment roasting condition for pressing walnut oil. Roasting at 120°C for 20 min is a suitable pretreatment roasting condition for pressing walnut oil.
Healthy dietary patterns, foods, and risk of glioma: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies
Authors: Shu Long , Yu Dan , Jin Fubi 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundAccumulating epidemiological evidence has shown the favorable associations between healthy dietary patterns and risk of glioma, although the results remain inconclusive.ObjectiveWe therefore carried out a systematic review and meta-analysis to summarize the evidence from previous published studies, and to clarify the effects of healthy dietary patterns, typical healthy foods on glioma.MethodsPubMed, Web of Science, CNKI, and Wan fang data were searched from inception up to September 2022 for eligible studies. Two authors independently performed the literature search, study selection, data extraction, and quality assessment. Heterogeneity across studies was estimated using the Cochran’s Q test and I2 statistic. According to heterogeneity, the fixed-effects model or random-effects model was selected to obtain the relative risk (RR) of the merger. Subgroup analysis, sensitivity analysis and publication bias were also used for our analysis.ResultsTwenty-four articles that met the selection criteria, involving 7,278 glioma cases and 2,143,528 participants, were included in our analysis. There was a reduced risk of glioma in the highest compared with the lowest categories of healthy dietary patterns (RR = 0.58; 95% CI: 0.44–0.77; P &lt; 0.0001). Moreover, compared with the lowest intakes, the highest intakes of vegetables (RR = 0.84; 95% CI: 0.73–0.96; P = 0.012) and fruits (RR = 0.85; 95% CI: 0.72–1.00; P = 0.045) significantly reduce the risk of glioma. However, the intakes of fresh fish, nuts, whole grains, and dairy products showed no statistically significant associations with the risk of glioma (P &gt; 0.05).ConclusionFindings from this systematic review and meta-analysis indicate that higher intakes of healthy dietary patterns, vegetables, and fruits are significantly associated with the lower risk of glioma. Further studies, particularly with prospective design, are required to confirm our findings.
Optimal cut-off value of waist circumference-to-height ratio to predict central obesity in children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis of diagnostic studies
Authors: Eslami Maysa , Pourghazi Farzad , Khazdouz Maryam , Tian Jing , Pourrostami Kumars , Esmaeili-Abdar Zahra , Ejtahed Hanieh-Sadat , Qorbani Mostafa 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionWaist circumference-to-height ratio (WHtR) is a simple anthropometric index with good screening power and fast interpretation for early detection of childhood abdominal obesity. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to determine the best cut-off value of WHtR to use in clinical setting.MethodsComprehensive searches were conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science by the end of March 2021. Observational studies investigated the best WHtR cut-off to detect abdominal obesity in children and adolescents were included. Thirteen articles (n = 180,119) were included in this systematic review and eight documents were included in the meta-analysis.ResultsThe overall optimal cut-off was 0.49 with pooled sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) of 0.93 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.93–0.96), 0.88 (95% CI: 0.85–0.91) and 102.6 (95% CI: 50.7–207.5), respectively. The optimal WHtR cut-off to predict abdominal obesity in girls and boys were both 0.49.DiscussionThe current study shows that we could use this cut-off as a simple index for predicting abdominal obesity in children and adolescents without the need for any charts in practice.
The impact of 1.5-T intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging in pediatric tumor surgery: Safety, utility, and challenges
Authors: Becerra Victoria , Hinojosa José , Candela Santiago , Culebras Diego , Alamar Mariana , Armero Georgina , Echaniz Gastón , Artés David , Munuera Josep , Muchart Jordi 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveIn this study, we present our experience with 1.5-T high-field intraoperative magnetic resonance imaging (ioMRI) for different neuro-oncological procedures in a pediatric population, and we discuss the safety, utility, and challenges of this intraoperative imaging technology.MethodsA pediatric consecutive-case series of neuro-oncological surgeries performed between February 2020 and May 2022 was analyzed from a prospective ioMRI registry. Patients were divided into four groups according to the surgical procedure: intracranial tumors (group 1), intraspinal tumors (group 2), stereotactic biopsy for unresectable tumors (group 3), and catheter placement for cystic tumors (group 4). The goal of surgery, the volume of residual tumor, preoperative and discharge neurological status, and postoperative complications related to ioMRI were evaluated.ResultsA total of 146 procedures with ioMRI were performed during this period. Of these, 62 were oncology surgeries: 45 in group 1, two in group 2, 10 in group 3, and five in group 4. The mean age of our patients was 8.91 years, with the youngest being 12 months. ioMRI identified residual tumors and prompted further resection in 14% of the cases. The mean time for intraoperative image processing was 54 ± 6 min. There were no intra- or postoperative security incidents related to the use of ioMRI. The reoperation rate in the early postoperative period was 0%.ConclusionioMRI in pediatric neuro-oncology surgery is a safe and reliable tool. Its routine use maximized the extent of tumor resection and did not result in increased neurological deficits or complications in our series. The main limitations included the need for strict safety protocols in a highly complex surgical environment as well as the inherent limitations on certain patient positions with available MR-compatible headrests.
Comparison of characteristics and outcomes on ETP-ALL/LBL and non-ETP ALL patients receiving allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Chen Juan , Liu Li , Ma Runzhi , Pang Aiming , Yang Donglin , Chen Xin , Wei Jialin , He Yi , Zhang Rongli , Zhai Weihua , Ma Qiaoling , Jiang Erlie , Han Mingzhe , Feng Sizhou 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveThis study aims to compare the characteristics of early T-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (ETP-ALL/LBL) and non-ETP ALL patients and the outcomes of these patients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT).MethodA total of 57 patients with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma receiving allo-HSCT at our center between January 2016 and March 2022 were enrolled in the study. Twenty-eight patients were diagnosed as ETP-ALL/LBL (28/57, 49.12%) in the cohort.ResultsThe baseline characteristic was not significantly different between the two groups. The median time for myeloid engraftment was 14 days (ranged from 11 to 21) versus 14 days (ranged from 10 to 20) (P = 0.067) and 18 days (ranged from 12 to 27) versus 15.5 days (ranged from 12 to 72) (P = 0.183) for platelet engraftment in the ETP-ALL/LBL and non-ETP ALL groups, respectively. There was no significant difference in 5-year overall survival (54.74% ± 10.33% vs. 64.20% ± 10.30%, P = 0.786), relapse-free survival (56.22% ± 10.11% vs. 57.17% ± 12.71%, P = 0.841), cumulative incidence of relapse (30.14% ± 9.85% vs. 22.79% ± 8.24%, P = 0.774), and non-relapse mortality (19.52% ± 8.99% vs. 25.95% ± 14.44%, P = 0.967) between the two groups. The incidence of acute graft versus host disease (aGVHD) (P = 0.922), II–IV aGVHD (P = 0.940), III–IV aGVHD (P = 0.664), cytomegalovirus infection (P = 0.862), Epstein–Barr virus infection (P = 0.610), and severe bacterial infection (P = 0.145) was also similar.ConclusionThe prognosis of patients with ETP-ALL/LBL was similar to non-ETP ALL patients when they received allo-HSCT.
Superior survival for breast-conserving therapy over mastectomy in patients with breast cancer: A population-based SEER database analysis across 30 years
Authors: Ke Shanbao , Wang Wei , Li Baiyu , Feng Xiao , Yan Danfang , Liu Jianbo 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionIt has been believed that breast-conserving therapy (lumpectomy plus adjuvant radiation, Lum + RT) and mastectomy without radiation (Mast + NoRT) have equivalent survival outcomes. However, there is a need to re-evaluate the role of lumpectomy plus adjuvant radiation due to changed breast cancer management over time. This study aimed to conduct a population-based study that compare long-term oncologic survival outcomes after Lum + RT vs Mast + NoRT.MethodsThe Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results database was used to identify female breast cancer patients with a primary localized breast cancer diagnosis from 1988 to 2018. The standardized incidence/mortality ratio (SIR/SMR) for breast cancer recurrence (BCR) and breast cancer-specific death (BSD) was estimated by the SEER*Stat program. Cumulative incidences of BCR and BSD were assessed using Gray’s method. We evaluated the effects of Lum + RT vs. Mast + NoRT on breast cancer recurrence-free survival (BRFS) and breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS). Fine-Gray competing risk model analyses, propensity score-adjusted Kaplan-Meier analyses and Cox proportional hazards model analyses were applied.ResultsA total of 205,788 women were included in the study. Patients who underwent Lum + RT had higher SIR of BCR (4.14 [95% confidence interval, CI: 3.94-4.34] vs. 1.11 [95% CI: 1.07-1.14]) and lower SMR (9.89 [95% CI: 9.71-10.08] vs. 17.07 [95% CI: 16.82-17.33]) than patients who underwent Mast + NoRT. Lum + RT was associated with higher competing risk of BCR (adjusted hazard ratio [HR]: 1.996, 95% CI: 1.925-2.069, p &lt; 0.001) and lower competing risk of BSD when compared to Mast + RT (adjusted HR: 0.584, 95% CI: 0.572-0.597, p &lt; 0.001). Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed similar results (adjusted HR after PSW for BRFS: 1.792, 95% CI 1.716-1.871, p &lt; 0.001; adjusted HR after PSW for BCSS: 0.706, 95% CI 0.688-0.725, p &lt; 0.001). These findings persisted in the sensitivity and subgroup analyses.DiscussionThe present study further confirmed superior long-term survival with lumpectomy plus adjuvant radiation over mastectomy independent of patient characteristics including age, race, time period, historic subtype, tumor size, historic grade and stage, indicating that this benefit may result from the treatment itself.
Tissue distribution of ethanol after intraprostatic injection using a porous needle
Authors: Eubank Megan N. , Švihra Ján , DiBona Kevin C. , Sommers Matthew , Oe Tyler , Strnádel Ján , Miklušica Juraj , Szépe Peter , Marcinek Juraj , King Benjamin J. , Plante Mark K. , Ľupták Ján , Poulsen Mads Hvid Aaberg , Kida Masatoshi , Baco Eduard , Švihra Ján , Zvara Peter 
Published: January 2023

PurposeTo develop a safe and precise method for intraprostatic injection, and to establish correlation between the volume of ethanol injectate and the volume of subsequent infiltrated prostate tissue.Materials and methodsWe performed intraprostatic injection of 96% ethanol using a needle which has a segment of its wall made of capillary membrane with hundreds of pores in an acute and chronic canine experiment, in heart-beating cadaveric organ donors, and in a xenograft model of human prostate cancer. Whole mount tissue sections were used for three-dimensional reconstruction of the necrotic lesions and calculation of their volumes.ResultsThe ethanol injection resulted in oval shaped lesions of well-delineated coagulative necrosis. In both healthy human and canine prostates, the prostatic pseudocapsule and neurovascular bundle remained intact without evidence of disruption. There was a linear correlation between administered volume of ethanol and the volume of necrotic lesion. Regression analysis showed strong correlation in the acute canine experiments and in experiments performed on xenografts of human prostate cancer. A formula was calculated for each experiment to estimate the relationship between the injected volume and the volume of infiltrated prostate tissue area.ConclusionsIntraprostatic injection using a porous needle allows for effective and predictable tissue distribution of the injectate in the prostate. Through varying the volume of the agent injected and use of needles with a different length of the porous segment, the volume of infiltrated tissue could be adjusted allowing for targeted focal treatment.
Clinical and laboratory features of childhood-onset primary Sjögren's syndrome: A retrospective study from China
Authors: Liu Chenxi , Jin Yingying , Huang Hua , Ding Fei , Xu Xuemei , Bao Shengfang , Yang Zhen , Jin Yanliang 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionThe initial presentations of childhood-onset primary Sjögren’s syndrome (C-pSS) vary, making diagnosis challenging. We aimed to improve the diagnosis and evaluation of C-pSS by summarizing its clinical and laboratory features.MethodsA total of 49 patients with C-pSS between July 2015 and August 2022 in the Department of Rheumatology and Immunology of Shanghai Children's Medical Centre were enrolled in this study. Their clinical manifestations and laboratory examinations of these patients were compared based on the presence or absence of thrombocytopenia and parotitis and whether the immunological markers, including anti-nuclear antibodies (ANA), rheumatoid factor (RF), anti-Ro52/SSA antibodies (anti-SSA/Ro52), anti-Ro60/SSA antibodies (anti-SSA/Ro60), and anti-Ro/SSB antibodies (anti-SSB), were positive.ResultsThe mean age at C-pSS diagnosis was 10.34 ± 3.45 years, and the ratio of boys to girls was 1:6. In the thrombocytopenia group, parotitis (P = 0.044), organ involvement except for hematology (P = 0.002), positive anti-SSB (P = 0.004), and positive RF (P = 0.001) were less frequently observed. Complement C4 (P = 0.038) and white blood cells (P = 0.002) levels decreased and increased significantly, respectively. Anti-SSB (P = 0.010) and RF (P = 0.004) positivity were independent potential protective factors against thrombocytopenia in patients with C-pSS. In the parotitis group, higher ANA titers (P = 0.027), higher focus scores on labial gland biopsy (P = 0.024), and positive RF (P = 0.001), anti-SSA/Ro60 (P = 0.003), and anti-SSB (P = 0.001) were observed more frequently. Furthermore, positive anti-SSB (P = 0.012) and positive RF (P = 0.028) were independent risk factors for parotitis in patients with C-pSS. The hemoglobin level was significantly lower in patients with positive anti-SSA/Ro52 and positive anti-SSA/Ro60 results (P = 0.022 and P = 0.029, respectively), while immunoglobulin G level was significantly higher in patients in the same group (P = 0.048 and P = 0.007, respectively).ConclusionsPositive anti-SSB and positive RF values may be independent potential protective factors of thrombocytopenia in patients with C-pSS. In contrast, positive anti-SSB and positive RF were independent risk factors of parotitis in patients with C-pSS. More studies are needed to reveal the diagnostic role and pathogenic mechanism of immunological markers in C-pSS.
Risk factors for anesthesia-associated postoperative capillary leakage after thoracoscopic surgery in neonates: A single-center observational study
Authors: Liu Heqi , Wang Fang , Zhang Jianmin , Gao Zhengzheng 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundThoracoscopy is considered the surgical method of choice for addressing a wide range of conditions in neonates. However, there is a lack of experience in anesthesia management for this procedure. On reviewing the newborns who had undergone thoracoscopic surgery at our medical center, some had developed edema after surgery. After excluding other etiologies, these neonates were diagnosed with capillary leakage secondary to thoracoscopy.AimsThis study aimed to identify the potential risk factors for capillary leakage secondary to thoracoscopy in neonates and to provide reference information for optimal anesthesia management.MethodsThis single-center, retrospective, observational study examined neonates who had undergone thoracoscopic surgery between January 1, 2018, and September 31, 2021. Their electronic medical records were analyzed for demographic and clinical characteristics associated with anesthesia, and postoperative capillary leakage occurring within 24 and 48 h of surgery was assessed based on medical records.ResultsA total of 56 neonates that underwent thoracoscopic surgery were included in this study. Postoperative capillary leakage within 24 h was diagnosed in 14 neonates (25%). The partial pressure of carbon dioxide was an independent factor influencing the occurrence of postoperative edema within 24 h (P = 0.021). Overall, 21 cases (37.5%) were diagnosed as postoperative capillary leakage within 48 h, and age was an independent factor influencing the occurrence of postoperative edema within 48 h (P = 0.027).ConclusionsAccording to our findings, we concluded that preventing the elevation of the partial pressure of carbon dioxide may reduce the occurrence of secondary capillary leakage within 24 h after thoracoscopic surgery, and that older newborns are less likely to have secondary capillary leakage within 48 h after thoracoscopic surgery. Our findings provide evidence that directly informs anesthesia management for thoracoscopic surgery in neonates.Clinical trial registrationThe study was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2100054117).
Effects of bronchoalveolar lavage on Mycoplasma Pneumoniae pneumonia: A propensity score matched-cohort study
Authors: Lu Jinmiao , Zhang Junqi , Wang Guangfei , Zhang Xiaobo , Li Zhiping 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of BAL in treating MPP.MethodsFrom January 2013 to January 2019, 1,689 pediatric patients with MPP were analyzed retrospectively. Patients were subdivided into BAL group and non-BAL group according to whether they received BAL treatment within seven days after admission. The propensity score matching method matched patients' baseline characteristics (1:1). The primary outcomes were hospital stays and the cure rate. Secondary outcomes included mortality, co-infection, repeat hospitalization within 30 days, and total cost of treatment.ResultsAfter matching, 524 patients (BAL: 262; control: 262) were recorded. The BAL group had significantly shorter hospital stays (OR: 0.5, 95% CI: 0.4–0.7). Meanwhile, BAL did not significantly modify the cost, co-infection rate, and mortality. In subgroup analyses, the group with BAL intervention within three days had a significantly shorter hospital stay (OR: 0.4, 95% CI: 0.3–0.5) compared with the group with BAL intervention three days after admission.ConclusionsEarly BAL intervention is a better treatment than conventional drug therapy alone, and no significant complications were seen in this study. BAL intervention has an excellent clinical benefit. The earlier the intervention, the better the effect.