bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Socio-demographic factors and ethnobotanical knowledge associated with sesame management practices across agroecological zones in Benin
Authors: Azon Christel F. , Fassinou Hotegni Nicodème V. , Adjé Charlotte A. O. , Agossou Chaldia O. , Sogbohossou Olga E. D. , Nouletope Hermine , Akotchayé Odilon-Parfait K. , Kékpè Pancrace , Aïsso Clavaire , Guirguissou Maboudou A. , Dossa Komivi , Agbangla Clément , Quenum Florent J-B. , Achigan-Dako Enoch G. 
Published: June 2023

Summary
Sesame is an oilseed crop and source of income for small-scale farmers, particularly in developing countries. In Benin, sesame production is poorly developed and the underlying reasons are still unknown. In this study, we investigated the sesame management practices, socio-demographic factors and ethnobotanical knowledge associated with sesame production, as well as the production constraints across four agroecological zones in Benin. In total, 370 farmers were surveyed based on a structured interview. Qualitative and quantitative data including socio-demographic parameters, management practices and knowledge associated with the crop, were recorded. A binary logistic regression was performed to explain the effects of socio-demographic parameters on management practices. The farm typology was generated through a principal component analysis followed by a cluster analysis. Cultivars were classified based on the seed coat colour and size. To assess the ethnobotanical knowledge related to sesame, use value, plant part used value and fidelity level were calculated. Our results showed that older farmers were more likely to practice intercropping than young farmers. In addition, male farmers applied more fertilisers and used more pesticide than female. Five distinct farm typologies were recorded in the four agroecological zones. Five different cultivars were recorded across the four agroecological zones. Sesame is mostly produced for local consumption as sauce and seed appetiser (mentioned by at least 73.23% of respondents). The seeds were the most used part of the crop. The lack of improved seeds, road impassability to the field, rarity of rain, non-availability of cultivable land for sesame production, lack of cash for farm operations were the main constraints to wide sesame production. We discussed the differences among farm typology and their productivity and proposed future research actions for expanding sesame production in Benin.
Sonication as a pre-processing step to alter acid whey generation during Greek yoghurt manufacture
Authors: Xu Kai , Silva Mayumi , Chandrapala Jayani 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe investigated sonication as a pre-processing step to reduce acid whey generation during Greek yoghurt manufacture. The generation of a large amount of acid whey during the production of Greek yoghurt is an ongoing problem in the dairy industry and many studies are currently focusing on reducing it. We focused on the use of ultrasonication as a novel approach to minimize the casein fraction in the acid whey stream and simultaneously improve the gel properties. Ultrasound applied before the fermentation modified the structural properties and bonding behaviours of milk proteins, and enhanced the retention of casein in the yoghurt gel after the fermentation and straining steps. Therefore, the use of low-frequency ultrasonication as a pre-processing step may have the potential to provide significant economic benefits to the Greek yoghurt manufacturing process. Moreover, it improved the nutritional and physicochemical properties compared to regular Greek yoghurts.
On the number of error correcting codes
Authors: Dong Dingding , Mani Nitya , Zhao Yufei 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe show that for a fixed
$q$
, the number of
$q$
-ary
$t$
-error correcting codes of length
$n$
is at most
$2^{(1 + o(1)) H_q(n,t)}$
for all
$t \leq (1 - q^{-1})n - 2\sqrt{n \log n}$
, where
$H_q(n, t) = q^n/ V_q(n,t)$
is the Hamming bound and
$V_q(n,t)$
is the cardinality of the radius
$t$
Hamming ball. This proves a conjecture of Balogh, Treglown, and Wagner, who showed the result for
$t = o(n^{1/3} (\log n)^{-2/3})$
.
Building a Coalition of Makers
Authors: Römer Johanna Ilene 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHow was former U.S. President Donald Trump’s rhetoric crafted to appeal to a public that cross-cut class, racial, and ethnic boundaries? Significant scholarship has addressed the prevalence of racism and xenophobia in Trump’s language; nevertheless Trump was able to build a broad political coalition despite this derogatory speech. This article examines the ways in which Trump leverages producerist discourse by using race as a modality to construct a moral argument about the worthiness of the figure of the ‘maker’—the entrepreneurial protagonist of his rhetoric. Using a discourse analytic framework, it highlights how Trump uses stance to indirectly racialize and gender the subjects of his talk. The aim of this article is twofold. First, furthering scholarship on racialization and colorblind racism, it offers a discourse-based method for analyzing how an explicitly racist and exclusionary discourse can be interpreted by audiences as an inclusive one. Second, building on scholarship on Trump’s rhetoric, it shows how racialized, gendered, and anti-Semitic language is part of a discursive formation that makes the neoliberal ideal of producerism appealing to an expanding political coalition—paradoxically because it is a moralizing discourse that names outsiders. By analyzing stance-taking within discourses ofressentiment, it is possible to understand how racialized and gendered ideologies and anti-Semitism work together to simultaneously include and exclude non-White audiences.
The physical properties of IR-bright Dust-Obscured Galaxies
Authors: Suleiman Nofoz , Toba Yoshiki , Frey Sándor , Tóth L. Viktor 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis work aims to represent the physical properties of a sample of infrared-bright dust-obscured galaxies (DOGs) studied by Suleiman et al. (2022) by fitting the spectral energy distributions (SEDs). Twenty-eight DOGs were examined at redshifts 0.47 ≤ z ≤ 1.63 discovered by combining images of the Subaru Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) survey, VISTA Kilo-degree Infrared Galaxy (VIKING) survey, and the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) all-sky survey, and detected at Herschel Spectral and Photometric Imaging Receiver (SPIRE) bands. The results show a correlation between the star formation rate (SFR) and the dust luminosity of Suleiman et al. (2022) DOG sample, the SFR ranges of the sample according to different redshifts, and a comparison between Suleiman et al. (2022) sample and other samples of DOGs.
Is star formation in gas-rich bars suppressed?
Authors: Maeda Fumiya 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWhether the star formation efficiency (SFE) in the bar region is lower than those in the other regions in a barred galaxy has recently been debated. We statistically investigate the SFEs along the bars in nearby gas-rich massive star-forming barred galaxies by distinguishing the center, bar-end, and bar regions for the first time. The molecular gas surface density is derived from archival CO(1–0) and/or CO(2–1) data and the star formation rate surface density is derived from a linear combination of far-ultraviolet and mid-infrared intensities. To distinguish the three regions, we targeted 18 galaxies with a large apparent bar length (≥ 75"). The resulting SFE in the bars is about 0.6 – 0.8 times lower than that in the disks, which suggests the star formation in the bars tends to be systematically suppressed.
High [OIII] luminosities from star formation and shocks in z∼6 quasars
Authors: Lee Bomee , Chary Ranga-Ram 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe use archival WISE and Spitzer photometry to derive optical emission line fluxes for a sample of distant quasars at z∼6. We find evidence for exceptionally high equivalent width [OIII] emission (rest-frame EW∼400Å) similar to that inferred for star-forming galaxies at similar redshifts. The median Hα and Hβ equivalent widths are derived to be ∼400Å and ∼100Å respectively, and are consistent with values seen among quasars in the local Universe, and at z ∼ 2. After accounting for the contribution of photoionization in the broad line regions of quasars, we suggest that the narrow [OIII] emission likely arises from feedback due to massive star-formation in the quasar host. Forthcoming mid-infrared spectroscopy with the James Webb Space Telescope will help constrain the physical conditions in quasar hosts further.
Star Formation History of Two Fields in the Halo of NGC 5128
Authors: Aghdam Sima T. , Javadi Atefeh , Hashemi Seyedazim , van Loon Jacco Th. , Khosroshahi Habib , Golshan Roya H. , Saremi Elham , Saberi Maryam 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNGC 5128 galaxy is a giant elliptical galaxy located in the Centaurus group of galaxies at 3.8 Mpc. We aim to study the star formation history (SFH) of two different fields of the galaxy. The northeastern field (Field 1) is located at a distance of 18.8 kpc, while the southern field (Field 2) is at 9.9 kpc. We use a photometric method that is based on identifying long period variable (LPV) stars and asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars, as they are strong tracers of star formation and galaxy evolution due to their luminosity and variability; 395 LPVs in Field 1 and 671 LPVs in Field 2 have been identified. These two fields present similar SFHs, although the SF rate of Field 2 is more enhanced. We find that the galaxy has three major star formation episodes t ∼ 800 Myr ago, t ∼ 3.2 Gyr ago, and t ∼ 10 Gyr ago, where t is look-back time. The rate of star formation at ∼ 800 Myr ago agrees with previous studies suggesting that the galaxy experienced a merger around that time. Furthermore, NGC 5128 has experienced a lower star formation rate in its recent history which could have been driven by jet-induction star formation and multiple outbursts of AGN activity in this galaxy, as well as a minor merger around 400 Myr ago.
Cloud-scale Analyses on Molecular Gas in Simulated and Observed Galaxy Mergers
Authors: He Hao 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe employ the Feedback In Realistic Environments (FIRE-2) physics model to study how the properties of giant molecular clouds (GMCs) evolve during galaxy mergers. Due to the rarity of mergers in the local Universe, samples of nearby merging galaxies suitable for studies of individual GMCs are limited. Idealized simulations provide us with a new window to study GMC evolution during a merger, and assist in interpreting observations. We conduct a pixel-by-pixel analysis of the simulated molecular gas properties in both undisturbed control galaxies and galaxy mergers. The simulated GMC-pixels follow a similar trend in a diagram of velocity dispersion (σv) versus gas surface density (Σmol) as observed in normal spiral galaxies in the Physics at High Angular resolution in Nearby GalaxieS (PHANGS) survey. For simulated mergers, we see a significant increase in both the Σmol and σv for GMC-pixels by a factor of 5 – 10, which put these pixels to be above the trend of PHANGS galaxies in the σv vs Σmol diagram. This deviation indicates that GMCs in the simulated merger are more gravitationally unbound and have higher virial parameter (αvir) of 10 – 100, which is much larger than that of simulated control galaxies. Furthermore, we find that the increase in αvir generally happens at the same time as the increase in global star formation rate (SFR), which suggests feedback is playing a role in dispersing the gas. The correspondence between high αvir and SFR also suggests some other physical mechanisms besides self-gravity are helping the GMCs in starburst mergers to collapse and form stars.
A search for correlations between turbulence and star formation in LITTLE THINGS and THINGS galaxies
Authors: Elmegreen Bruce G. , Hunter Deidre , Martinez Zorayda , Archer Haylee , Simpson Caroline E. , Cigan Phil 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAzimuthal variations in HI velocity dispersion do not correlate with variations in the star formation rate per unit area, SFR/A, suggesting that local star formation does not increase HI turbulence significantly. These variations are determined for each pixel in HI and FUV maps of THINGS and LITTLE THINGS galaxies by subtracting the average radial profiles from the measured quantities. The kinetic energy density and HI surface density increase slightly with SFR/A, suggesting that feedback goes into pushing the local dense gas around without increasing the velocity dispersion. We suggest that star formation feedback does not promote large-scale stability against gravitational forces through turbulence regulation, and that gravitational energy from recurrent instabilities drives turbulence on galactic scales.
Variable metallicity yields as tracers of inflows
Authors: Camps-Fariña Artemi , Sánchez-Blázquez Patricia , Roca-Fàbrega Santi , Sánchez Sebastián F. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPristine gas accretion is expected to be the main driver of sustained star formation in galaxies. We measure the required amount of accreted gas at each moment over a galaxy’s history to produce the observed metallicity at that time given its star-forming history. More massive galaxies tend to have higher accretion rates and a larger drop of the accretion rate towards the present time. Within the same mass bin galaxies that are currently star-forming or in the Green Valley have similar, sustained, accretion histories while retired galaxies had a steep decline in the past. Plotting the T80 of the individual accretion histories, a measure of how sustained they are, versus the stellar mass and current sSFR we see a distribution such that currently star-forming galaxies have sustained or recent accretion and retired galaxies have declined accretion histories.
Bar-Driven Star and Star Cluster Formations and Gas Fueling to Galactic Center
Authors: Matsui Hidenori , Masakawa Toshiyasu , Habe Asao , Saitoh Takayuki R. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn order to study gas evolution in the central region of a barred galaxy, we have performed numerical simulations of gas in the potential of the barred galaxy. We have found that the bar potential produces a gas ring within the central 1 kpc region. In the gas ring, active star and star cluster formations take place. Since the gas ring is dense enough to become self-gravitationally unstable, gas clouds form in the ring. These gas clouds interact gravitationally and collide with the other clouds. Such interaction and collision reduces their angular momentums effectively, and finally gas clouds fall into the galactic center. These processes triggers episodic gas fueling to the galactic center.
ALMA observations of the environments of G333.0162+00.7615
Authors: Komesh Toktarkhan , Omar Aruzhan , Garay Guido , Assembay Zhandos , Alimgazinova Nazgul , Zhumabay Nurman , Kyzgarina Meiramgul 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe have carried out ALMA observations toward the environments of G333.0162+00.7615 which was considered as a candidate of high-mass young stellar object (HMYSO) in previous studies. Our dust continuum, molecular line emission and radio recombination line emission observations show that this source is not HMYSO associated with hypercompact (HC) HII regions. Instead, we discovered two new hot cores associate with earliest stages of high mass star formation region. We estimated the rotational temperatures of these cores about 270 K from J=14→13 rotational transition of CH3CN ladder. The moment maps show velocity gradients confirming that this cores are rotating.
Feedback models in galaxy simulations and probing their impact by cosmological hydrodynamic simulations
Authors: Nagamine Kentaro 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFeedback effects by supernovae (SNe) and active galactic nuclei (AGNs) are believed to be essential for galaxy evolution and shaping present-day galaxies, but their exact mechanisms on galactic scales and their impact on CGM/IGM are not well understood yet. In galaxy formation simulations, it is still challenging to resolve sub-parsec scales, and we need to implement subgrid models to account for the physics on small scales. In this article, we summarize some of the efforts to build more physically based feedback models, discuss about pushing the resolution to its limits in galaxy simulations, testing galaxy formation codes under the AGORA code comparison project, and how to probe the impact of feedback using cosmological hydrodynamic simulations via Lyα absorption and CGM/IGM tomography technique. We also discuss our future directions of research in this field and how we make progress by comparing our simulations with observations.
The relation between GC systems and SMBH in spiral galaxies: The link to the M• – M* correlation
Authors: González-Lópezlira Rosa A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe explore the relationship between globular cluster total number, NGC, and central black hole mass, M•, in spiral galaxies. Including cosmic scatter, log M• ∝ (1.64 ± 0.24) log NGC. Whereas in ellipticals the correlation is linear [log M• ∝ (1.02 ± 0.10) log NGC], and hence could be due to statistical convergence through mergers, this mechanism cannot explain the much steeper correlation in spirals. Additionally, we derive total stellar galaxy mass, M*, from its two-slope correlation with NGC (Hudson et al. 2014). In the M• versus M* parameter space, with M*derived fromNGC, M• ∝ (1.48 ± 0.18) log M* for ellipticals, and M• ∝ (1.21 ± 0.16) log M* for spirals. The observed agreement between ellipticals and spirals may imply that black holes and galaxies co-evolve through “calm” accretion, AGN feedback and other secular processes.
SWAG: The Maps
Authors: Ott Jürgen , Meier David S. , Candelaria Tierra , Ward Dylan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe present maps of the “Survey of Water and Ammonia toward the Galactic center” (SWAG). SWAG was observed over three years (∼550 h) with the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) and covers the entire Central Molecular Zone (CMZ) at about 26” or ∼1 pc resolution. The observed 21.2–25.6 GHz range contains tens of spectral lines and 4 GHz of continuum. Here, we present some final maps. These include multiple NH3 lines, radio recombination lines, shock tracers like HNCO and methanol (CH3OH), high resolution 22 GHz water masers, and a continuum map. The maps are the foundation for ongoing comprehensive temperature mapping of the CMZ, including the identification of heating mechanisms, the characterization of water maser sources as young stellar objects or AGB stars, as well as chemistry, dynamics, and star formation studies of the ISM in this unique environment.
The Star Formation History and Dust Production in Andromeda IX
Authors: Abdollahi Hedieh , Javadi Atefeh , Taghi Mirtorabi Mohammad , Saremi Elham , Khosroshahi Habib , van Loon Jacco Th. , McDonald Iain , Khalouei Elahe , Aghdam Sima T. , Saberi Maryam 
Published: June 2023

AbstractLocal Group (LG), the nearest and most complete galactic environment, provides valuable information on the formation and evolution of the Universe. Studying galaxies of different sizes, morphologies, and ages can provide this information. For this purpose, we chose the And IX dSph galaxy, which is one of the observational targets of the Isaac Newton Telescope (INT) survey. A total of 50 long-period variables (LPVs) were found in And IX in two filters, Sloan i' and Harris V at a half-light radius of 2.5 arcmin. The And IX’s star formation history (SFH) was constructed with a maximum star formation rate (SFR) of about 0.00082 ± 0.00031 M⊙ yr−1, using LPVs as a tracer. The total mass return rate of LPVs was calculated based on the spectral energy distribution (SED) of about 2.4 × 10−4 M⊙ yr−1. The distance modulus of 24.56−0.15+0.05 mag was estimated based on the tip of the red giant branch (TRGB).
Views on political Islam among Australian converts to Islam: findings of a national survey
Authors: Mitchell Paul , Rane Halim , Duderija Adis 
Published: June 2023

AbstractOver the past few decades, interest in and conversion to Islam among non-Muslims in the West has been on the rise. There is a view in the scholarly literature that Western converts to Islam are overrepresented in regard to politicized interpretations of the religion, commonly referred to as political Islam or Islamism, and even militancy or jihadism. This article presents the findings of a national survey of Muslim Australians. It focuses on views amongst Australian converts to Islam concerning political Islam, including views and understandings of such concepts as the caliphate, shariah, and jihad, and the relationship between Islam and politics, democracy, and conflict. The findings suggest that in the Australian context, converts to Islam are not more likely, and in some cases less likely, than the broader born-Muslim population, to understand and interpret Islam in accordance with political Islamist ideology.
Mass, Heat, and Freshwater Transport From Transoceanic Sections in the Atlantic Ocean at 30°S and 24.5°N: Single Sections Versus Box Models?
Authors: Caínzos Verónica , Hernández‐Guerra Alonso , Farneti Riccardo , Pérez‐Hernández M. Dolores , Talley Lynne D. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) is central to the climate of the Atlantic by redistributing mass, heat, and freshwater. Hydrographic sections help monitor its strength at different latitudes, and inverse box models provide estimates of AMOC, heat, and freshwater transports. We have used all available hydrographic zonal sections at 24.5°N and 30°S over the last 30 years to conclude that single section inverse models agree with monthly outputs from an ocean general circulation model at the time of the cruise. In contrast, inverse models using multiple sections at different latitudes and times of the year for each of the last three decades are more consistent with decadal averages from the same model. Therefore, solutions of inverse models with single sections are affected by aliasing and represent the state of the ocean at the time of cruise. However, aliasing is greatly reduced when using multiple sections to assess low‐frequency variability.
Quorum sensing as a mechanism to harness the wisdom of the crowds
Authors: Moreno-Gámez Stefany , Hochberg Michael E. , van Doorn G. S. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBacteria release and sense small molecules called autoinducers in a process known as quorum sensing. The prevailing interpretation of quorum sensing is that by sensing autoinducer concentrations, bacteria estimate population density to regulate the expression of functions that are only beneficial when carried out by a sufficiently large number of cells. However, a major challenge to this interpretation is that the concentration of autoinducers strongly depends on the environment, often rendering autoinducer-based estimates of cell density unreliable. Here we propose an alternative interpretation of quorum sensing, where bacteria, by releasing and sensing autoinducers, harness social interactions to sense the environment as a collective. Using a computational model we show that this functionality can explain the evolution of quorum sensing and arises from individuals improving their estimation accuracy by pooling many imperfect estimates – analogous to the ‘wisdom of the crowds’ in decision theory. Importantly, our model reconciles the observed dependence of quorum sensing on both population density and the environment and explains why several quorum sensing systems regulate the production of private goods.