bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Inventory Control on Patients with Acute and Chronic Illness during Pre, Peri and Post COVID-19 Pandemic in India
Authors: Shailaja K. , Sundar S. Shyam , Priya A. Lakshmi , Roshini M. 
Published: August 2023

Aim: To determine the effect of inventory control protocols on patient's health management systems during the pre; peri and post COVID – 19 pandemic in India.
Study Design: An analytical observation type of study.
Place and Duration of Study: A tertiary care hospital, between June 2020 to November 2022.
Methodology: We collected the stock movement data of 10 brand drugs that include Acute disease medications and Chronic condition medication, from hospital pharmacy, at pre, peri & post-COVID times. These drugs were selected for their common usage. The study of inventory based on data collected, will show how the pharmacy managed its inventory during the pandemic era. The pharmacy practised the collaborative method of ABC – FSN inventory method to meet demands and the same has continued during COVID-19.
Results: Data collected on 5 drugs for acute diseases showed an average percentage increase of 62.33% in drug consumption between the pre and post-COVID period whereas the 5 drugs for chronic conditions show an increase of 86.39%. The hospital pharmacy managed the high range of demand with the successful model of inventory control. It is evidence of the successful use of ABC – FSN analysis in the hospital sector during the pandemic (COVID-19).
Conclusion: The study concluded that the ABC – FSN inventory approach was helpful during the pandemic and concentrates mainly on the effect of inventory control on patients with chronic and acute diseases.
Prevalence of Use of Potentially Inappropriate Medications Among Older Adults Worldwide
Authors: Tian Fangyuan , Chen Zhaoyan , Zeng Ya , Feng Qiyi , Chen Xi 
Published: August 2023

ImportanceThe use of potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) is widespread yet continues to receive little attention in outpatient services.ObjectiveTo estimate the overall prevalence of PIM use in outpatient services.Data SourcesPubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were searched to identify relevant studies published from January 1, 1990, to November 21, 2022.Study SelectionObservational studies that reported the prevalence of PIM use among older patients in outpatient services were screened.Data Extraction and SynthesisTwo reviewers independently selected eligible articles, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias. A random-effects meta-analysis was conducted to pool the prevalence estimates.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe global patterns in the prevalence of PIM use among older patients in outpatient services were estimated, and the temporal trends and regional differences in PIM use were investigated.ResultsA total of 94 articles with 132 prevalence estimates were analyzed, including nearly 371.2 million older participants from 17 countries. Overall, the pooled prevalence of PIM use was 36.7% (95% CI, 33.4%-40.0%). Africa had the highest prevalence of PIM use (47.0%; 95% CI, 34.7%-59.4%), followed by South America (46.9%; 95% CI, 35.1%-58.9%), Asia (37.2%; 95% CI, 32.4%-42.2%), Europe (35.0%; 95% CI, 28.5%-41.8%), North America (29.0%; 95% CI, 22.1%-36.3%), and Oceania (23.6%; 95% CI, 18.8%-28.8%). In addition, the prevalence of PIM use is highest in low-income areas. Use of PIMs among older patients has become increasingly prevalent in the past 2 decades.Conclusions and RelevanceThis study of patterns of PIM use by different groups, such as geographic regions and World Bank countries, suggests noticeable geographic environment and economic income differences in the burden of PIMs in outpatient services. Furthermore, the high prevalence trend in the past 2 decades indicates that the global burden of PIM use continues to be worthy of attention.
Angular correction methodology and characterization of a high‐resolution CMOS array for patient specific quality assurance on a robotic arm linac
Authors: Ashraf Muhammad Ramish , Krimmer Jochen , Zalavri Laszlo , Gu Xuejun , Wang Lei , Chuang Cynthia Fu‐Yu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPurposeTo develop an angular correction methodology and characterize a high‐resolution complementary metal‐oxide‐semiconductor (CMOS) array for patient specific quality assurance on a robotic arm linear accelerator.MethodsBeam path files from the treatment planning software (TPS) were used to calculate the angle of radiation beam with respect to the detector plane. Beams from multiple discrete angles were delivered to the CMOS detector array and an angular dependency look up table (LUT) was created. The LUT was then used to correct for the angular dependency of the detector. An iso‐centric 5 mm fixed cone, non iso‐centric multi‐target fixed cone, 10 mm Iris and a multi‐leaf collimator (MLC) based collimated plan were delivered to the phantom and compared to the TPS with and without angular correction applied. Additionally, the CMOS array was compared to gafchromic film and a diode array.ResultsLarge errors of up to 30% were observed for oblique angles. When angular correction was applied, the gamma passing rate increased from 99.2% to 100% (average gamma value decreased from 0.29 to 0.14) for the 5‐mm iso‐centric cone plan. Similarly, the passing rate increased from 84.0% to 100% for the Iris plan and from 49.98% to 98.4% for the MLC plan when angular correction was applied. For the multi‐target plan, applying angular correction improved the gamma passing rate from 94% to 99.6%. The 5 mm iso‐centric fixed cone plan was also delivered to film, and the gamma passing rate was 91.3% when using gafchromic film as the reference dataset, whereas the diode array provided insufficient sampling for this plan.ConclusionA methodology of calculating the beam angle based on the beam path files was developed and validated. The array was demonstrated to be superior to other quality assurance tools because of its sub‐millimeter spatial resolution and immediate read out of the results.
Programmable and Ultrasensitive Haptic Interfaces Enabling Closed‐Loop Human–Machine Interactions
Authors: Lin Wansheng , Wei Chao , Yu Shifan , Chen Zihan , Zhang Cuirong , Guo Ziquan , Liao Qingliang , Wang Shuli , Lin Maohua , Zheng Yuanjin , Liao Xinqin , Chen Zhong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntuitive, efficient, and unconstrained interactions require human–machine interfaces (HMIs) to accurately recognize users' manipulation intents. Susceptibility to interference and conditional usage mode of HMIs will lead to poor experiences that limit their great interaction potential. Herein, a programmable and ultrasensitive haptic interface enabling closed‐loop human–machine interactions is reported. A cross‐scale architecture design strategy is proposed to fabricate the haptic interface, which optimizes the hierarchical contact process. The synergistic optimization of the cross‐scale architecture between carbon nanotubes and the multiscale sensing structure realizes a haptic interface with ultrahigh sensitivity and a wide detection range of 15.1 kPa−1 and 180 kPa, which are improved by more than 900% over the performance of the common interface. The rapid response time of <5 ms and the limit of detection of 8 Pa of the haptic interface far surpass the somatosensory perception of human skin, which enables the haptic interface to accurately recognize interactive intents. A wireless pressure‐data interactive glove (wireless PDI glove) is designed and realizes a round‐the‐clock operation, noise immunity, and efficient interactive control, which perfectly compensate for the flaws of typical vision and voice recognition modes.
Boosted N2 Activation through 4f–2p–3d Orbital Hybridization for Efficient Nitrate Electrosynthesis
Authors: Li Shuyuan , Wang Xiaoxuan , Chi Xinyue , Xiong Yuanyuan , Sun Yanfei , Tang Zheng , Gao Xueying , Zhang Huiying , Li Jingxian , Nie Kaiqi , Xie Jiangzhou , Yang ZhiYu , Yan Yi‐Ming 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe electrochemical N2 oxidation reaction (NOR) has emerged as a promising approach for achieving high selectivity in nitric acid (HNO3) production. However, the sluggish N2 activation process in NOR due to the high cleavage energy barrier of the N≡N bond remains a challenge. Herein, a novel orbital hybridization strategy for tuning the NOR performance through the construction of cerium (Ce) 4f–O 2p–Co 3d network in Ce‐doped Co3O4 (Ce–Co3O4) is proposed. The Ce–Co3O4 catalyst exhibits an enhanced HNO3 yield of 24.76 µg h−1 mgcat−1 and a promoted Faradaic efficiency of 31.93% in 0.1 m Na2SO4 electrolyte under ambient conditions compared to those of the pure Co3O4 (13.75 µg h−1 mgcat−1 and 23.43%). Density functional theory caculations demonstrate the strong 4f–2p–3d orbital hybridization and electron transfer in Ce–Co3O4. Moreover, a series of in situ techniques provide direct evidence of stronger adsorption peaks for Co─N bond and the key intermediate *NO formed after N2 activation on the surface of Ce–Co3O4. This work provides a promising route for the preparation of efficient NOR catalysts and sheds light on the mechanism of N2 activation through orbital hybridization.
Manganese‐Based Redox Homeostasis Disruptor for Inducing Intense Ferroptosis/Apoptosis Through xCT Inhibition And Oxidative Stress Injury
Authors: Dong Qi , Wang Jie , Liu Jiahui , Zhang Lei , Xu Zhigang , Kang Yuejun , Xue Peng 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntracellular redox homeostasis plays an important role in promoting tumor progression, development and even treatment resistance. To this end, redox balance impairment may become a prospective therapeutic target of cancer. Herein, a manganese‐based homeostasis modulator (MHS) is developed for inducing severe reactive oxygen species accumulation and glutathione (GSH) deprivation, where such redox dyshomeostasis brings about dramatic ferroptosis/apoptosis. Tumor‐specific degradation of manganese oxide nanocarriers contributes to hypoxia alleviation and loaded cargo release, resulting in apoptosis by augmented sonodynamic therapy and chemodynamic therapy. On the other hand, regional oxygenation significantly downregulates the expression of activating transcription factor 4, which can synergize with the released sulfasalazine to inhibit the downstream cystine antiporter xCT. Biosynthesis of GSH is sufficiently interrupted by the xCT suppression, leading to the reduction of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPx4) level. The resultant excessive lipid peroxides promote intense ferroptosis to motivate cell death. On this basis, splendid treatment outcome by MHS is substantiated both in vitro and in vivo, thanks to the synergy of antitumor immunity elicitation. Taken together, this paradigm provides an insightful strategy to evoke drastic ferroptosis/apoptosis toward therapeutics and may also expand the eligibility of manganese‐derived nanoagents for medical applications.
Modeling the Maturation of the Vocal Fold Lamina Propria Using a Bioorthogonally Tunable Hydrogel Platform
Authors: Zou Xiaoyu , Zhang He , Benson Jamie M. , Gao Hanyuan , Burris David L. , Fox Joseph. M. , Jia Xinqiao 
Published: August 2023

AbstractToward the goal of establishing an engineered model of the vocal fold lamina propria (LP), mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are encapsulated in hyaluronic acid (HA)‐based hydrogels employing tetrazine ligation with strained alkenes. To mimic matrix stiffening during LP maturation, diffusion‐controlled interfacial bioorthogonal crosslinking is carried out on the soft cellular construct using HA modified with a ferocious dienophile, trans‐cyclooctene (TCO). Cultures are maintained in MSC growth media for 14 days to afford a model of a newborn LP that is homogeneously soft (nLP), a homogeneously stiffened construct zero (sLP0) or 7 days (sLP7) post cell encapsulation, and a mature LP model (mLP) with a stiff top layer and a soft bottom layer. Installation of additional HA crosslinks restricts cell spreading. Compared to the nLP controls, sLP7 conditions upregulate the expression of fibrous matrix proteins (Col I, DCN, and FN EDA), classic fibroblastic markers (TNC, FAP, and FSP1), and matrix remodeling enzymes (MMP2, TIMP1, and HAS3). Day 7 stiffening also upregulates the catabolic activities, enhances ECM turnover, and promotes YAP expression. Overall, in situ delayed matrix stiffening promotes a fibroblast transition from MSCs and enhances YAP‐regulated mechanosensing.
Tuneable Anisotropic Plasmonics with Shape‐Symmetric Conducting Polymer Nanoantennas
Authors: Duan Yulong , Rahmanudin Aiman , Chen Shangzhi , Kim Nara , Mohammadi Mohsen , Tybrandt Klas , Jonsson Magnus P. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA wide range of nanophotonic applications rely on polarization‐dependent plasmonic resonances, which usually requires metallic nanostructures that have anisotropic shape. This work demonstrates polarization‐dependent plasmonic resonances instead by breaking symmetry via material permittivity. The study shows that molecular alignment of a conducting polymer can lead to a material with polarization‐dependent plasma frequency and corresponding in‐plane hyperbolic permittivity region. This result is not expected based only on anisotropic charge mobility but implies that also the effective mass of the charge carriers becomes anisotropic upon polymer alignment. This unique feature is used to demonstrate circularly symmetric nanoantennas that provide different plasmonic resonances parallel and perpendicular to the alignment direction. The nanoantennas are further tuneable via the redox state of the polymer. Importantly, polymer alignment could blueshift the plasma wavelength and resonances by several hundreds of nanometers, forming a novel approach toward reaching the ultimate goal of redox‐tunable conducting polymer nanoantennas for visible light.
Pulsed‐Laser‐Triggered Piezoelectric Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction over Tetragonal BaTiO3 Nanocubes
Authors: Wang Yijie , Li Xiao , Chen Yuke , Li Yue , Liu Zhen , Fang Chaoqiong , Wu Tong , Niu Hongsen , Li Yang , Sun Wanggen , Tang Wenjing , Xia Wei , Song Kepeng , Liu Hong , Zhou Weijia 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe recombination of photoinduced carriers in photocatalysts is considered one of the biggest barriers to the increase of photocatalytic efficiency. Piezoelectric photocatalysts open a new route to realize rapid carrier separation by mechanically distorting the lattice of piezoelectric nanocrystals to form a piezoelectric potential within the nanocrystals, generally requiring external force (e.g., ultrasonic radiation, mechanical stirring, and ball milling). In this study, a low‐power UV pulsed laser (PL) (3 W, 355 nm) as a UV light source can trigger piezoelectric photocatalytic CO2 reduction of tetragonal BaTiO3 (BTO‐T) in the absence of an applied force. The tremendous transient light pressure (5.7 × 107 Pa, 2.7 W) of 355 nm PL not only bends the energy band of BTO‐T, thus allowing reactions that cannot theoretically occur to take place, but also induces a pulsed built‐in electric field to determine an efficient photoinduced carrier separation. On that basis, the PL‐triggered piezoelectric photocatalytic CO2 reduction realizes the highest reported performance, reaching a millimole level CO yield of 52.9 mmol g−1 h−1 and achieving efficient photocatalytic CO2 reduction in the continuous catalytic system. The method in this study is promising to contribute to the design of efficient piezoelectric photocatalytic reactions.
Dynamic Surface Reconstruction of Amphoteric Metal (Zn, Al) Doped Cu2O for Efficient Electrochemical CO2 Reduction to C2+ Products
Authors: Jia Yufei , Ding Yunxuan , Song Tao , Xu Yunlong , Li Yaqing , Duan Lele , Li Fei , Sun Licheng , Fan Ke 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe recognition of the surface reconstruction of the catalysts during electrochemical CO2 reduction (CO2RR) is essential for exploring and comprehending active sites. Although the superior performance of Cu–Zn bimetallic sites toward multicarbon C2+ products has been established, the dynamic surface reconstruction has not been fully understood. Herein, Zn‐doped Cu2O nano‐octahedrons are used to investigate the effect of the dynamic stability by the leaching and redeposition on CO2RR. Correlative characterizations confirm the Zn leaching from Zn‐doped Cu2O, which is redeposited at the surface of the catalysts, leading to dynamic stability and abundant Cu–Zn bimetallic sites at the surface. The reconstructed Zn‐doped Cu2O catalysts achieve a high Faradaic efficiency (FE) of C2+ products (77% at –1.1 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE)). Additionally, similar dynamic stability is also discovered in Al‐doped Cu2O for CO2RR, proving its universality in amphoteric metal‐doped catalysts. Mechanism analyses reveal that the OHC–CHO pathway can be the C–C coupling processes on bare Cu2O and Zn‐doped Cu2O, and the introduction of Zn to Cu can efficiently lower the energy barrier for CO2RR to C2H4. This research provides profound insight into unraveling surface dynamic reconstruction of amphoteric metal‐containing electrocatalysts and can guide rational design of the high‐performance electrocatalysts for CO2RR.
Bag Boundaries for Quasispinor Confinement Within Nanolanes on a Graphene Sheet
Authors: Koohsarian Yusef , Naji Ali 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe problem of bag boundary conditions within a field‐theoretic approach is revisited to study confinement of massless Dirac quasispinors in monolayer graphene. While no‐flux bag boundaries have previously been used to model lattice termination sites in graphene nanoribbons, a generalized setting is considered in which the confining boundaries are envisaged as arbitrary straight lines drawn across a graphene sheet and the quasispinor currents are allowed to partially permeate (leak) through such boundaries. Specifically focus is on rectangular nanolanes defined as areas confined between a pair of parallel lines at arbitrary separation on an unbounded lattice. It is shown that such nanolanes exhibit a considerable range of bandgap tunability depending on their widths and armchair, zigzag, or intermediate orientation. The case of nanoribbons can be derived as a special limit from the nanolane model. In this case, certain inconsistencies are clarified in previous implementations of no‐flux bag boundaries and show that the continuum approach reproduces the tight‐binding bandgaps accurately (within just a few percent in relative deviation) even as the nanoribbon width is decreased to just a couple of lattice spacings. This accentuates the proper use of boundary conditions when field‐theoretic approaches are applied to graphene systems.
Anti‐Gephyrin Antibodies: A Novel Specificity in Patients With Systemic Sclerosis and Lower Bowel Dysfunction
Authors: McMahan Zsuzsanna H. , Kulkarni Subhash , Andrade Felipe , Perin Jamie , Zhang Chengxiu , Hooper Jody E. , Wigley Fredrick M. , Rosen Antony , Pasricha Pankaj J. , Casciola‐Rosen Livia 
Published: August 2023

ObjectiveAutoantibodies are clinically useful in phenotyping patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc). Gastrointestinal (GI) function is regulated by the enteric nervous system (ENS) and commonly impaired in SSc, suggesting that the SSc autoimmune response may target ENS antigens. We sought to identify novel anti‐ENS autoantibodies with an aim to clinically phenotype SSc GI dysfunction.MethodsSerum from a patient with SSc with GI dysfunction but without defined SSc‐associated autoantibodies was used for autoantibody discovery. Immunoprecipitations performed with murine myenteric plexus lysates were on‐bead digested, and autoantigens were identified by mass spectrometry. Prevalence was determined, and clinical features associated with novel autoantibodies were evaluated in a SSc cohort using regression analyses. The expression of gephyrin in human GI tract tissue was examined by immunohistochemistry.ResultsWe identified gephyrin as a novel SSc autoantigen. Anti‐gephyrin antibodies were present in 9% of patients with SSc (16/188) and absent in healthy controls (0/46). Anti‐gephyrin antibody–positive patients had higher constipation scores (1.00 vs 0.50, P = 0.02) and were more likely to have severe constipation and severe distention/bloating (46% vs 15%, P = 0.005; 54% vs 25%, P = 0.023, respectively). Anti‐gephyrin antibody levels were significantly higher among patients with severe constipation (0.04 vs 0.00; P = 0.001) and severe distention and bloating (0.03 vs 0.004; P = 0.010). Severe constipation was associated with anti‐gephyrin antibodies even in the adjusted model. Importantly, gephyrin was expressed in the ENS, which regulates gut motility.ConclusionGephyrin is a novel ENS autoantigen that is expressed in human myenteric ganglia. Anti‐gephyrin autoantibodies are associated with the presence and severity of constipation in patients with SSc.
A multimodal approach can identify specific motor profiles in autism and attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder
Authors: De Francesco Stefano , Morello Luisa , Fioravanti Mariachiara , Cassaro Cristina , Grazioli Silvia , Busti Ceccarelli Silvia , Nobile Maria , Molteni Massimo , Crippa Alessandro 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIt is still unclear whether and to what extent the motor difficulties are specific to autism. This study aimed to determine whether a multimodal assessment of motor skills could accurately discriminate autistic children from attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and typically developing (TD) peers. Seventy‐five children, aged 7–13, equally divided into three groups, were assessed with the developmental coordination disorder questionnaire (DCDQ), the movement assessment battery for children 2 (MABC2), the sensorimotor subtests of NEPSY‐II, and the kinematic analysis of a reach‐to‐drop task. Principal component analysis (PCA) on DCDQ subscales revealed one factor—Caregiver Report—, whereas MABC2/NEPSY‐II scores identified three factors—namely, Object Interception and Balance, Motor Imitation, and Fine‐Motor Skills—. Lastly, PCA on kinematic variables identified four factors: PC1, loaded by the parameters of velocity and acceleration throughout the task, PC2 and PC3 involved the temporal parameters of the two submovements, and PC4 accounted for the wrist inclination at ball drop. When comparing autistic and TD children, Caregiver Report and Motor Imitation factors predicted membership with 87.2% of accuracy. In the model comparing ADHD and TD groups, Caregiver Report and Fine‐Motor Skills predicted membership with an accuracy of 73.5%. In the last model, the Object Interception and Balance factor differentiated autistic children from ADHD with an accuracy of 73.5%. In line with our previous findings, kinematics did not differentiate school‐aged autistic children from ADHD and TD peers. The present findings show that specific motor profiles in autism and ADHD can be isolated with a multimodal investigation of motor skills.