bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of aroma compounds in Barbecued Mutton (Kebab) during different storage periods and exploration of customer preferences
Authors: Alim Aygul 
Published: February 2025

AbstractKebab (barbecued mutton) is a traditional meat product with a rich roasted meaty aroma and is highly favored by consumers. However, there are no reports on the flavor changes of different roasted meat tissues during storage, and there are no studies on why consumers prefer to eat Kebab. This study employed GC-IMS to explore the changes in aroma compounds in Kebab. Simultaneously, molecular docking was used to explore the mechanism of aroma compounds that trigger pleasure and to infer the optimal storage methods. A total of 61 volatile compounds, including aldehydes, alcohols, esters, ketones, acids, furans, ethers, and terpenes, were identified. Sensory evaluation revealed that when the storage time increased, the sour and sulfur aromas of mutton were strong, whereas the fatty aroma significantly increased and decreased in fat and lean meat. Additionally, a sense of pleasure was speculated by exemplifying six key aroma compounds. The differences in aroma compounds in the Kebab samples were clearly observed and indicated that the lean meat kebab maintained numerous meaty aroma compounds during storage until the 28th day. This is the first study to reveal the potential mechanism of the pleasure generated by eating Kebab, which will provide practical application value for evaluating the flavor of Kebab.
LAVR-289, a New Orally Bioavailable Inhibitor of Adenovirus Replicationin vitroandin vivo
Authors: Quentin-Froignant Charlotte , Tollefson Ann , Cline-Smith Anna , Kappler-Gratias Sandrine , Landrein Nicolas , Roy Vincent , Agrofoglio Luigi A. , Toth Karoly , Wodrich Harald , Gallardo Franck 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAdenoviruses are responsible for a range of pathologies, including respiratory infections in children, accounting for 5-10% of such cases. Although most adenovirus infections are self-resolving, they can cause serious illness, particularly in immunocompromised individuals. There is currently no approved treatment for adenovirus infections, although various therapeutic approaches are under investigation, including nucleoside analog inhibitors of replication. However, these treatments have shown limited efficacy. In this study, we report on the antiviral activity of LAVR-289, a broad-spectrum acyclonucleoside phosphonate exhibiting potentin vitroefficacy against several adenovirus serotypes, comparable to that of brincidofovir. LAVR-289 specifically inhibits viral replication, blocking the formation of viral replication centers and preventing late protein expression without affecting viral entry or delivery of viral genomes to the nucleus.In vivousing immunocompromised Syrian hamsters infected with HAdV-C6, oral administration of LAVR-289 resulted in 100% animal survival. These results suggest that LAVR-289 holds promise as a potential therapy for adenovirus infections, particularly in immunocompromised patients.HighlightsLAVR-289 is a unique acyclic nucleoside phosphonate prodrug.LAVR-289 displays antiviral activity against Adenovirus with an EC50of about 100 nM against HAdV-C5 ANCHOR.LAVR-289 inhibits viral replication by targeting viral DNA polymerase, preventing DBP clustering and replication center formation.In immunosuppressed Syrian hamsters, LAVR-289 is well tolerated and ensures 100% survival while effectively stopping virus replication.LAVR-289's broad-spectrum activity positions it as a promising treatment for immunocompromised patients facing multiple viral infections.
Investigating the obstacles to functioning of humanitarian systems for indemnifying farmer's income
Authors: Saxena Srishti , Singh Manju 
Published: February 2025

PurposeThe study examines the production, operational, technological, environmental, economic and financial risks affecting agribusinesses. The primary objective is to identify and prioritise the barriers to the humanitarian system's operational dynamics that focus on indemnifying the farmers' income in India.Design/methodology/approachThe integrated interpretive structural modelling (ISM)-fuzzy analytical network process (FANP) approach systematically analyses the dynamic interrelationships among barriers, offering a comprehensive framework for agribusiness risk management. The barriers are identified by synthesising literature with the PSALSAR framework. The 18 barriers are clustered into five groups based on phases: planning, designing, execution, implementation and disbursement. The ISM constructs structural hierarchies to identify the interactions among these barriers, while FANP quantifies and establishes the interlinkages between them.FindingsThe proposed model's results reveal that “Skewed Stakeholder Engagement and Data-Deficient Ecosystem” are the most severe barriers to the humanitarian system's operational dynamics. By highlighting the significance of these obstacles, the study contributes to a targeted approach for optimizing resource allocation and enhancing the resilience of humanitarian operations.Research limitations/implicationsFindings enable decision-makers to design more effective interventions and improve operational workflows, particularly essential in contexts with limited resources and pressing time constraints. The study suggests collaboration between humanitarian organisations, governments and stakeholders in developing strategies for addressing barriers.Originality/valueThe study investigates barriers to the dynamic settings of humanitarian operations within the agricultural sector. The research employs a novel approach to analysing the barriers across the various phases of the humanitarian system operating in distinct political, environmental and social settings.
Effect of insitu texture formed by removing spherical graphite on tribological properties of ductile cast iron
Authors: Yuan Wei , Wang Nannan , Guo Qianjian , Wang Wenhua , Chi Baotao , Yan Angang , Yu Jie 
Published: February 2025

Purpose
The high-load operation of the engine crankshaft causes severe wear and fatigue. This study aims to prepare in situ textures with effective density and study their wear mechanism on the surface of ductile cast iron, which optimizes the tribological properties of engine crankshafts and reduces wear.

Design/methodology/approach
A new method was proposed based on the hardness difference in graphite removal to form an in situ texture. The friction performance was evaluated using a combination of computational fluid dynamics and tribological testings. The influence of the texture characteristic parameters on the bearing capacity of the oil film was analyzed. The surface wear morphology was studied by scanning electron microscopy.

Findings
The texture density significantly affected the oil film bearing capacity. The surface texture can reduce the average friction coefficient (COF) by more than 35% owing to the oil film bearing and storage capacity. Specifically, the 13% texture density exhibited the lowest wear rate and COF under all three experimental conditions. The reduction in abrasive particles in the wear area of the textured surface indicates that the surface texture can improve the lubrication mechanism.

Originality/value
This study systematically explored the influence of the weight of each model parameter on tribological properties. Subsequently, focusing on the critical parameter (texture density), detailed tribological testings were carried out to reveal the specific effect of texture density on the wear mechanism under different working conditions, and the optimal texture density to achieve the optimal tribological performance was determined accordingly.
Preparation of poly (butylene adipate‐co‐terephthalate)/clove essential oil composite antimicrobial film as biodegradable packaging for strawberry preservation
Authors: Xue Longqian , Zhang Bo , Xiao Douxin , Dong Alideertu 
Published: February 2025

AbstractPolybutylene adipate terephthalate (PBAT) offers a promising solution to reduce reliance on plastics that do not degrade. In this study, PBAT‐EC‐ATBC composite antimicrobial film (PEC) was prepared by incorporating clove essential oil (CEO) into a casting solution consisting of PBAT and ethyl cellulose (EC). The mechanical property tests revealed that as the content of CEO increased, the tensile strength of the film decreased from 10.10 MPa to 1.86 MPa, and the elongation at break of the film decreased from 886.07% to 540.06%. The optical transmittance tests demonstrate that the incorporation of CEO into films leads to an enhancement from 79% to 86% at 800 nm in optical transmittance. The results demonstrated that the PEC films exhibited excellent bacteriostatic properties, with inhibition zones of 7.47 mm and 9.48 mm against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), respectively. The experimental results demonstrate that the weight loss of strawberries can be reduced to 20% as the CEO content increases and the application of a film can effectively extend the shelf life of strawberries. Furthermore, it was observed that the PEC films displayed favorable degradability characteristics, with the degradation rate of PEC‐6 film reaching 51.71% on Day 19.Practical ApplicationA biodegradable film with antimicrobial properties has been developed to effectively extend the shelf life of strawberries. The incorporation of clove essential oil into the film not only enhances its resistance against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, but also exerts a pronounced impact on strawberry preservation. This novel antimicrobial composite film exhibits significant potential in the realm of food packaging materials.
Evaluation of the Efficacy and Safety of Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt Combined With Concurrent Antegrade Embolization of Large Spontaneous Portosystemic Shunts
Authors: Wang Ze , Xu Xiao‐Yang , Liu Chen‐You , Huang Jin‐Tao , Li Wan‐Ci , Zhang Shuai , Shen Jian , Zhong Bin‐Yan , Zhu Xiao‐Li 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo compare the long‐term efficacy and safety of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) combined with concurrent antegrade embolization in treating portal hypertension with oesophagogastric variceal bleeding in patients with and without large spontaneous portosystemic shunts (L‐SPSSs).Materials and MethodsWe retrospectively analysed data from patients with portal hypertension who underwent TIPS from November 2015 to April 2022. The patients were screened according to the inclusion criteria and were divided into L‐SPSSs group (L‐S group) and Non L‐SPSSs group (Non L‐S group). The primary outcome was the 2‐year liver transplantation‐free survival (TFS) rate. Secondary outcomes contained the incidence of overt hepatic encephalopathy (OHE), ectopic embolization and the 2‐year rebleeding rate.ResultsA total of 259 patients were enrolled (64 patients in L‐S group and 195 patients in Non L‐S group). The average age was 57.2 years, and the success rate of procedure was 100%. Baseline data showed no significant differences between two groups. There was a statistically significant difference in the 2‐year liver transplantation‐free rate between two groups (L‐S vs. Non L‐S, 84.38% vs. 71.28%; p = 0.045). OHE occurred in 19 (29.69%) patients with L‐SPSSs and 104 (53.33%) patients without L‐SPSSs, with a statistically significant difference (p = 0.001). And no statistically significant difference was found in ectopic embolism incidence rate and the 2‐year rebleeding rate between two groups. Multivariate Cox regression analysis identified male gender, portal vein thrombosis and preoperative high blood ammonia levels as independent risk factors for long‐term survival.ConclusionCompared to Non L‐S group, the patients in L‐S group achieve longer liver transplantation‐free survival and lower incidence rate of OHE without increasing the risk of 2‐year rebleeding and ectopic embolization.
Shaping the Future: Analysing Early Childhood Education Policy Reforms and Development in China
Authors: Zhang Jing 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTEarly childhood education (ECE) is a crucial component of a child's development, laying the foundation for lifelong learning, well‐being and success. This paper aims to shed light on the evolution of ECE development in China over the years, focusing on how various policies and reforms have influenced its trajectory. This study examines the context and progression of ECE in China through a comprehensive review of the literature and an analysis of online policy documents. The qualitative methodology of Bowen (2009) has been employed for documentary analysis, allowing for an in‐depth exploration of the country's historical context, policy developments and current state of ECE. The historical analysis reveals the significant milestones in China's ECE development, highlighting governmental priorities and educational philosophies shifts over different periods. Policy developments are scrutinised to understand their impact on the accessibility, quality and inclusiveness of ECE. Despite advancements in ECE over the years, the study acknowledges the challenges and limitations of implementing ECE policies. Issues such as regional disparities, resource allocation and the need for professional development for educators are identified as ongoing obstacles. The study emphasises that while key policies have significantly shaped the landscape of ECE, effective implementation requires addressing these multifaceted challenges. In conclusion, the paper underscores the importance of greater collaboration between the government, educators, parents and communities to create a more inclusive and responsive ECE system. Such collaboration is essential for addressing the complex challenges facing ECE and ensuring that all children, regardless of socioeconomic background, have access to high‐quality early education. The findings suggest that a holistic approach, integrating health, education and social policies, is vital for the sustainable development of ECE in China.
High temperature stability of SiC/mullite mini composites
Authors: Zhang Wei , Ma Qingsong , Zeng Kuanhong , Mao Weiguo 
Published: February 2025

AbstractTo clarify the failure behavior of SiC/mullite composites, the microstructure, micro‐ and macro‐mechanical properties of the mini composites after annealing were investigated to estimate the high temperature stability. The as‐received composites presented favorable flexural strength (∼629.6 MPa) and applicable interfacial bonding strength (∼26.2 MPa). The composites exhibited well high temperature stability at the temperature not exceeded 1400°C. Meanwhile, SiC fiber and mullite displayed relatively stable micro mechanical properties. The enhanced interfacial bonding strength caused by the further shrinkage of mullite matrix during annealing was responsible for the decreased flexural strength of the composites. The carbothermal reduction between SiC fiber and mullite matrix occurred at 1500°C, the microstructure of the composites was damaged and a strong chemical bonding formed. Consequently, the annealed composites showed remarkable weight loss and mechanical properties degradation.
Insecticide resistance management scenarios differ for RNA‐based sprays and traits
Authors: Narva Kenneth , Toprak Umut , Alyokhin Andrei , Groves Russ , Jurat‐Fuentes Juan Luis , Moar William , Nauen Ralf , Whipple Sean , Head Graham 
Published: February 2025

AbstractRNA‐based bioinsecticides that comprise a dsRNA active ingredient and function by RNA interference (RNAi) are being commercialised as insecticidal traits in transgenic crops and as sprayable biopesticides. These RNAi insecticidal technologies are valuable alternatives to conventional chemical insecticides due to their efficacy, high degree of specificity and favourable human and environmental safety profiles. As with all pesticides, appropriate insect resistance management (IRM) programmes are required to mitigate the selection for resistance in target insect populations and extend product durability in the field. IRM programmes for RNAi products follow the same guidelines that currently exist for insecticidal traits or conventional insecticidal sprays. These guidelines reflect the distinct exposure scenarios for traits versus sprays, that is, continuous exposure when dsRNA is expressed in the crop compared to intermittent exposure when sprayed on foliage. As such, IRM plans for dsRNA traits depend on pyramiding (stacking) non‐cross‐resistant traits along with a refuge of non‐transgenic plants. On the other hand, IRM plans for dsRNA sprays rely on the timing of the application so that only a single generation of the pest is exposed, followed by the use of an insecticide from a different IRAC mode of action group.
A Machine Learning Approach to Build and Evaluate a Molecular Prognostic Model for Endometrial Cancer Based on Tumour Microenvironment
Authors: Wu Di , Yan Zhifeng , Li Mingxia , Wang Mingyang , Meng Yuanguang 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTEndometrial cancer (EC) incidence and the associated tumour burden have increased globally. To build a molecular expression prognostic model based on the tumour microenvironment to guide personalised treatment using a machine learning approach. Two datasets were reviewed, including a training cohort (n = 698) and a testing cohort (n = 151). All patients underwent hysterectomy ± adnexectomy ± lymph nodes dissection between December 2014 and June 2020 at the PLA General Hospital First Medical Center and received necessary and regular follow‐up. We developed novel models using R software to predict factors that affect survival, such as progression‐free survival and overall survival. Then, the model was optimised by evaluating the prediction efficiency in multiple dimensions. Eight hundred and forty‐nine patients with EC were included in the study. Survival‐related influences on EC patients were identified by univariate analysis and cox regression equations. In addition, a nomogram was visualised in conjunction with demographic characteristics and the above meaningful clinicopathological variables. Ultimately, through a comprehensive assessment, a random forest model (RF16) was developed for complementing the findings of the molecular classification of EC. The RF16 not only specifically characterises tumour molecules, but also enhances the generalizability of the model by replacing gene sequencing with immunohistochemistry. This study showed that the machine learning model (RF16) is low‐cost, efficient, and clinically valuable in guiding treatment for EC patients.
Large‐scale movement patterns of European catfish (Silurus glanisL.) in the Scheldt River basin, Belgium
Authors: Franquet Sam , Verhelst Pieterjan , Bervoets Lieven , Baeyens Raf , Vermeersch Sophie , Schoelynck Jonas , Van den Neucker Tom , Pauwels Ine 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe large‐scale movement behavior of European catfish (Silurus glanis L.) remains poorly understood, despite it being a species of interest for conservation management. We report the movement patterns of 13 native individual catfish, recorded using acoustic telemetry over 160‐km estuarine habitat free of migration barriers in the Scheldt River basin (Belgium). The results show that catfish can travel vast distances of over 10 km with a seasonal pattern of fish moving the largest distances in summer. The wels catfish is often considered a relatively sedentary species; however, our results show that this is not the case in systems where they have the freedom to move over large distances. Knowledge about the large‐scale movement behavior of the wels catfish can be useful for species conservation, as well as pest control. For instance, the effects of migration barriers could be (re)considered in terms of the large movement distances.
Plant viruses convergently target NPR1 with various strategies to suppress salicylic acid‐mediated antiviral immunity
Authors: Jiang Xue , Yang Yingshuai , Li Yong , Wang Yongzhi , Rodamilans Bernardo , Ji Weiqin , Wu Xiaoxia , García Juan Antonio , Wu Xiaoyun , Cheng Xiaofei 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTNONEXPRESSER OF PATHOGENESIS‐RELATED GENES 1 (NPR1), the receptor for salicylic acid (SA), plays a central role in the SA‐mediated basal antiviral responses. Recent studies have shown that two different plant RNA viruses encode proteins that suppress such antiviral responses by inhibiting its SUMOylation and inducing its degradation, respectively. However, it is unclear whether targeting NPR1 is a general phenomenon in viruses and whether viruses have novel strategies to inhibit NPR1. In the present study, we report that two different positive‐sense single‐stranded RNA (+ssRNA) viruses, namely, alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV) and potato virus X (PVX); one negative‐sense single‐stranded RNA (−ssRNA) virus (calla lily chlorotic spot virus, CCSV); and one single‐stranded DNA virus (beet severe curly‐top virus, BSCTV) that also encode one or more proteins that interact with NPR1. In addition, we found that the AMV‐encoded coat protein (CP) can induce NPR1 degradation by recruiting S‐phase kinase‐associated protein 1 (Skp1), a key component of the Skp1/cullin1/F‐box (SCF) E3 ligase. In contrast, the BSCTV‐encoded V2 protein inhibits NPR1 function, probably by affecting its nucleocytoplasmic distribution via the nuclear export factor ALY. Taken together, these data suggest that NPR1 is one of the central hubs in the molecular arms race between plants and viruses and that different viruses have independently evolved different strategies to target NPR1 and disrupt its function.
Inequality and Convergence in Latin American Regional Trade Agreements
Authors: Reinoso Alan Fairlie , Paipay Stacy Alvarado 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe process of Latin American integration has been characterized by both significant advances and setbacks; it is driven by the potential for economic convergence, which seeks to reduce disparities and asymmetries among the region's countries. This article aims to estimate inequality indexes and assess the presence of convergence within and among Latin American integration blocs—The Pacific Alliance, the Andean Community, and the Southern Common Market. To achieve this goal, measures of inequality—including sigma dispersion, the Gini coefficient, and the Theil index—were calculated for the past 22 years. The findings indicate that inequality has increased throughout most of the studied period, with the Southern Common Market exhibiting the highest levels of inequality, followed by the Andean Community and the Pacific Alliance. Furthermore, the analysis of data from 1990 to 2021 reveals a lack of economic convergence between the Southern Common Market and the Andean Community during periods of unilateral trade liberalization, North–South free trade agreements, and the commodities boom. Similarly, the Pacific Alliance shows no evidence of economic convergence between its member countries. While the bloc's formation in 2012 suggests a possible shift in the trend, this change is insufficient to establish a definitive convergence.