bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A qualitative study exploring the experiences of Muslim women in the South African workplace
Authors: Agherdien Nuraan 
Published: January 2025

Orientation: More Muslim women are entering the labour market, and this requires an understanding of the cultural and social contexts as there may be challenges inhibiting their growth and advancement.Research purpose: The purpose of this article is threefold: (1) to explore the perceptions of Muslim women relating to career success; (2) to identify the challenges facing Muslim women and (3) to describe the organisational culture as experienced by Muslim women in the South African workplace.Motivation for the study: Literature often focusses on the challenges women face in general, yet little examines the challenges experienced by Muslim women in the work context. This article seeks to identify whether the challenges experienced are similar or whether specific interventions are required to ensure the career success of Muslim women.Research approach/design and method: A qualitative research design was employed using open-ended questions in an online survey as the data collection tool. Data were collected from 88 Muslim women across industries, professions and provinces within South Africa.Main findings: Experiences of success focus on happiness, contentment and growth, whereas perceptions of success in the organisation are objective and include promotion, financial gain and status. The key challenges can include a lack of resources and support; however, respondents reported mostly a positive organisational culture supporting career and personal aspirations.Practical/managerial implications: Enhancing cross-cultural awareness and understanding contributes to the experienced career success of Muslim women.Contribution/value-add: The findings propose interventions to advance the career, wellness and overall experiences of Muslim women.
Migrant churches and reverse mission: Missiological gaps and missionary trap
Authors: Musoni Phillip 
Published: January 2025

The migration of Zimbabweans in search of better opportunities has spurred the growth and spread of Zimbabwean Churches within diaspora communities. Currently, many Zimbabwean churches like other African Churches have crossed continental borders, setting up branches in Europe and North America. This phenomenon of African Churches engaging with diasporic communities has been described by scholars as a ‘Reverse Mission’. A critical question that emerges is: To what degree is the establishment of African churches in other nations and continent an indicative of a reverse mission? The case study focuses on two Zimbabwean churches that have established branches in South Africa and other countries both within and beyond the African continent. The selection of the two churches is based on their origins that trace back to South Africa, rendering them pertinent examples for discussion in the context of reverse mission. The research identified ‘missiological gaps’ leading to a ‘missionary trap’ in the context of reverse mission, as the two Zimbabwean Churches face new frontiers. The article discusses how Zimbabwean churches, along with other African churches in the diaspora, created obstacles that impeded the dissemination of the gospel because of their insufficient cross-cultural training and experience. The researcher utilised descriptive phenomenological and interpretive phenomenological approaches for data collection and analysis, respectively.Intradisciplinary and/or interdisciplinary: The article is framed within the context of reverse mission, missiology, and the history of African Christianity. It contends that the African church should reassess its evangelistic strategies as it transcends national and international borders.
Effect of indomethacin in postoperative pain when used as an irrigant: An in vivo randomized control trial
Authors: Mashalkar Shailendra , Suresh Apoorva , Keerthi Kuchi , Naik Rutika , Hussaini Syed Mubeen Mohiuddin , Bharathi Manisha Rani 
Published: January 2025

Aim:
The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of indomethacin in postoperative pain when used as an irrigant.

Methods:
Sixty patients fulfilling the criteria to undergo root canal treatment were randomly divided into two groups. Group 1 consisted of routine irrigation regimen, whereas Group 2 consisted of routine irrigants and 1% indomethacin. Pain levels before root canal treatment were documented for all the patients utilizing a Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Irrigation protocol was followed as mentioned above for the respective groups. Postoperative pain was recorded after 24, 48, and 72 h for all the patients using VAS. Pain scores were examined with Shapiro–Wilk test and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:
Group 2 demonstrated a significant drop in postoperative pain.

Conclusion:
It was observed that there was a noteworthy reduction in postoperative pain when indomethacin was used as an irrigant.
Tourette Syndrome: An Update
Authors: Ghosh Debolina , Ghosh Debabrata 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Tourette syndrome is defined as the presence of multiple motor and at least one vocal tic, lasting >1 year with onset <18 years. Disabilities may stem not only from tics but also from comorbidities, such as attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, anxiety, learning difficulties, and poor social skills among others. After the first description of nine cases in 1885 by George Gilles de la Tourette, until 1972, this condition was considered psuchogenic. Haloperidol was the first medication used to treat tics in 1961. The etiopathogenesis, genetics, or diagnostic biomarkers are still unclear. Habit reversal therapy is the most effective behavioral intervention for tics. Treatment medications include central alpha-2 stimulators, such as guanfacine or clonidine, dopamine receptor blockers, such as haloperidol, pimozide, or aripiprazole, and dopamine depleters, such as tetrabenazine or deutetrabenazine. Botulinum toxin is used in persistent focal/segmental drug-resistant tics. Deep brain stimulation is reserved only for adults with medically intractable tics.
Assessment of Nonmotor Symptoms in Myasthenia Gravis: Fatigue and Disease Burden
Authors: Ala Rahmi Tümay , Bulut Onur , Şengün İhsan Şükrü 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:
Patients with myasthenia gravis (MG) experience fatigue throughout their lives, making it essential to distinguish fatigue from muscle weakness. We aimed to provide information about fatigue, its prevalence, its relation to personal and disease-specific factors, and the possible burden of the disease.

Subjects and Methods:
Fifty-three patients with MG who presented to our Neuromuscular Clinic between 2020 and 2022 were enrolled in the study. Patients were in pharmacologic remission or at the minimal manifestation stage according to the Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America treatment status scale. A definitive diagnosis was based on a positive antibody test, a decrement response in repetitive nerve stimulation tests, and/or increased jitter or block on a single nerve fiber test in electromyography. To confirm a myasthenic exacerbation or crisis, the need for rescue treatment was assessed. Patients were divided into two groups based on whether they received rescue treatment. The Checklist for Individual Strength-Fatigue (CIS) questionnaire, the Quality of Life Questionnaire on Myasthenia Gravis (MG-QoL) assessment of fatigue, and the Quantitative Myasthenia Gravis Score for neurologic examinations were used.

Results:
The average fatigue score was 72, leading to 84% of patients being classified as fatigued, with a cutoff value of 40. The myasthenic crisis group exhibited worse CIS-total, CIS-physical fatigue, and CIS-subjective perception scores, as well as poorer quality of life scores, compared with the other patients. Opinions on the disease burden may vary because all the patients were in remission.

Conclusion:
Patients who experienced more crises throughout the course of the disease were in a more morbidity and had a greater disease burden compared with those who experienced fewer or no crises during remission periods. Fatigue represents a concept distinct from the muscle weakness detected during physical examinations; it significantly impacts patients’ daily lives and serves as a strong indicator of disease burden.
Comparison of Three Surgical Approaches for the Treatment of Lumbar Spinal Stenosis: Total Laminectomy, Unilateral Approach for Bilateral Decompression, and Total Laminectomy with Posterior Transpedicular Screw Fixation
Authors: Barutçuoğlu Mustafa , Mete Mesut , Unsal Ulkun Unlu , Gurgen Arzu İlbay , Duransoy Yusuf Kurtuluş 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) is one of the most common diseases for spinal surgery and many surgical techniques are used for treatment.

Objective:
The aim of this retrospective study was to observe the clinical and radiological results of total laminectomy (TL), unilateral approach for bilateral decompression, and posterior transpedicular fixation–interbody fusion with TL.

Materials and Methods:
The data of 112 patients who underwent surgical treatment for LSS with different surgical techniques were reviewed retrospectively. The patients were divided into 3 groups according to the surgical technique. In the first group, patients underwent TL, in the second group, patients underwent bilateral decompression via unilateral hemilaminectomy, and in the third group, patients underwent posterior transpedicular fixation–interbody fusion with TL. Preoperative and postoperative evaluations were done by visual analog scale (VAS) and functional back pain scales (FBPSs). Furthermore, three groups were compared in respect of operation time, bleeding, and complications.

Results:
The difference between preoperative and postoperative VAS and FBPS scores were statistically significant in all groups. Operation time, bleeding, and hospital stay were greater in fusion group than decompression-alone groups. The VAS improvement rate was 66%, 70%, and 62% in Group 1, Group 2, and Group 3, respectively. In addition, improvement of FBPS scores between preoperative and postoperative period was statistically significant for the three groups (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
Decompression with fusion surgery had no significant difference compared with decompression alone in patient’s clinical outcome and safety.
The role of magnesium sulphate in pain management in trauma patients
Authors: Abdelhalim Tasneem I. , Amin Sabry M. , Ahmed Sameh A. , Eid Ahmed I. , Aboelnasr Roeya M. 
Published: January 2025

Background
Intravenous magnesium sulphate (MgSO4) decreases opioid consumption and side effects. As an adjuvant, magnesium improves the analgesic effects of more well-known analgesics even though it is not a main analgesic.

Aim
Look at how MgSO4 helps trauma patients who have been hospitalized to the ICU manage their pain.

Patients and methods
This study had 50 patients of both sexes who were hospitalized with musculoskeletal trauma and a revised trauma score of 12 if their pain score was greater than or equal to 5. The study was prospective, controlled, randomized, and double-blinded. Two equal groups were formed out of the patients: group B got 100 ml of normal saline, whereas group A received 30 mg/kg of diluted MgSO4 in 100 mlof normal saline. Both groups had been given over 1 h and repeated every 12 h from admission till 48 h.

Results
The experimental group’s average 48 h morphine dosage intake, ICU stay, and hospital stay were all considerably less than those of the group under control (P<0.05). The two groups’ numerical rating scales did not differ from one another. Heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial blood pressure, respiratory rate, and oxygen saturation were all a little different between the two groups. The death rate did not appear to differ between the two groups.

Conclusions
MgSO4 was an effective agent for analgesia in trauma patients as it significantly reduced opioid consumption and was associated with lower ICU and hospital stays.
Measuring the Reproducibility of Scientific Research Based on Computing Environment Provisioning Methods (SDG)
Authors: Gomes Daniel Adorno , Mestre Pedro , Serôdio Carlos 
Published: January 2025

Objective: This study investigates three different methods for provisioning computational environments in scientific research, focusing on the level of reproducibility offered by each one. The methods are manual setup, container-based, and one based on Infrastructure-as-Code principles, the Environment Code-First (ECF) framework.

Method: The methodology adopted for this research comprises a comparative study design evaluating three distinct approaches to computational environment provisioning: manual setup, container-based setup, and the ECF framework. The study involved reproducing a research experiment using the Inception-V3 model to identify canine hip dysplasia from X-ray images across different computational setups. Data was collected through performance metrics such as reproducibility rate, consistency of results, and ease of setup.

Results and Discussion: The results revealed that while offering complete control over the environment, the manual setup needed to be more consistent and more accessible to reproduce, leading to variability in the results. The container-based method improved reproducibility but required manual intervention to set up the container infrastructure. The ECF-based approach, however, demonstrated superior performance by fully automating the environment provisioning process, ensuring 100% reproducibility and consistency across different platforms.

Research Implications: The practical and theoretical implications of this research are discussed, providing insights into how the results can be applied to advance practices in computational research and scientific reproducibility. These implications could encompass the broader adoption of IaC tools in scientific experiments, potentially leading to more reliable and reproducible research outcomes.

Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature by highlighting the innovative application of the Infrastructure-as-Code approach to achieving reproducibility in scientific research. The potential impact of adopting IaC tools on improving the reliability and consistency of research outcomes evidences the relevance and value of this research.
The Extent of Knowledge Among Faculty Members at Jordanian Universities Regarding Principles of AI Ethics in Scientific Research and Its Guidelines
Authors: Sheirah Khaled Mohammad Abu , Alkaramneh Mohammad Saleh , Allala Saep Kamel , ALatwi Najah Yahya , Al-Saliti Rawan Abdul Mahdi Neyef , Ismail Abdelrahim Fathy 
Published: January 2025

Objectives: Objectives: This study aims to explore the extent of knowledge among faculty members at Jordanian universities regarding the principles of AI ethics in scientific research and its regulatory guidelines, in alignment with SDG 4: Quality Education to promote inclusive and equitable education and lifelong learning opportunities.

Theoretical Framework: The study is based on the ethical principles of artificial intelligence, emphasizing key dimensions such as data reliability and integrity, privacy and security, human and socio-cultural benefits, and the ethics of integrity, fairness, justice, responsibility, and transparency. These dimensions were used as the basis for designing the study instrument.

Method: A descriptive survey methodology was employed. The researchers developed a questionnaire consisting of 40 items, distributed across four domains: (1) data reliability and integrity, (2) privacy, security, and protection, (3) human and socio-cultural benefits, and (4) ethics of integrity, fairness, justice, responsibility, and transparency. The instrument was administered to a randomly selected sample of 245 faculty members across various Jordanian universities.

Results and Discussion: The results revealed a high level of knowledge among faculty members regarding the principles and guidelines of AI ethics in scientific research. Moreover, no statistically significant differences were found in participants' responses based on variables such as college affiliation, teaching experience, academic rank, or source of academic degree. The discussion elaborates on these findings, emphasizing their significance in enhancing ethical research practices involving AI.

Research Implications: The study highlights the importance of incorporating AI ethics education into faculty development programs and strengthening institutional guidelines to uphold ethical standards in scientific research.

Originality/Value: This research fills a gap in understanding the level of AI ethics knowledge among faculty members at Jordanian universities, providing actionable insights to advance ethical AI use in academic research.
Gender Roles and Cultural Expectations: A Comparative Study of Mulan and Indonesian Society
Authors: Yuliasari Ria , Virtianti Rika , Sari Ferdias Prihatna 
Published: January 2025

Analysing films involves more than just examining character arcs or plot points; it also requires an understanding of the cultural values embedded within the narrative. The primary objective of this study is to identify similarities and differences between the depiction of gender roles and cultural expectations in the film and those prevalent in Indonesian traditional culture, and to understand how they intersect or diverge. Using a descriptive qualitative method, this research applies Charles S. Peirce’s semiotic analysis to examine gender roles and cultural expectations in Mulan, while conducting library research to explore gender roles in Indonesian society. The study reveals that there are notable similarities between the two contexts, particularly regarding the roles of women as household keepers, their loyalty to family, and their submissiveness to patriarchal expectations. However, both narratives also reflect evolving challenges to these traditional norms. In conclusion, the study highlights the parallels between traditional gender expectations in Mulan and Indonesian culture, while acknowledging the gradual shift toward gender role redefinition in both societies.

Keywords: gender, gender roles, cultural expectation
Harnessing Nature's Resilience through Farmer-Managed Natural Regeneration for Climate Change Adaptation in the Central Rift, Kenya
Authors: Korir Janet , Munyao Carol , Kigen Charles , Too Prisca , Chesire Michael 
Published: January 2025

Climate change affects nations differently according to their natural environment and economic structure. Communities living in arid and semi-arid lands, such as in Central Rift Valley of Kenya, who heavily rely on natural resources for livelihood, bear the heavy brunt of climate change impacts. This study focuses on these regions, where communities face challenges of water scarcity, erratic rainfall patterns, land degradation, increased frequency of floods and droughts. These climatic changes negatively affect crop yields, diminish animal fodder production, and reduce availability of firewood, exacerbating the vulnerability of these communities to food insecurity and economic instability. FMNR (Farmer-Managed Natural Regeneration) is a land restoration method where farmers foster growth of native trees and shrubs on their land by selectively pruning and protecting existing vegetation. It enhances soil fertility, water retention, and biodiversity while providing benefits of increased crop yields and additional income sources for farmers. Despite promotion of FMNR, a systematic presentation of evidence regarding its success in enhancing adaptation to climate change impacts in Central Rift, Kenya, has been notably absent. Using theory-based evaluation, key informant interviews, focus group discussions, transect walks, questionnaire, and documentary reviews, this study sought to assess the effectiveness of FMNR as an adaptation strategy in World Vision implementation sites within the Central Rift Valley including; Ndabibi in Nakuru; Marigat in Baringo and Ng’oswet in Elgeiyo Marakwet Counties. The study’s quantitative data was analyzed using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) while the qualitative data was analyzed using NVivo software. The findings revealed notable improvements in forest cover with direct impacts of FMNR in forest cover from 500 acres at baseline to 6938 acres at the end line, increased average tree cover in farmlands from 79.5% to 122.6%, and in community lands from 89.9% to 109.2%. The indirect impacts, which may not solely be attributed to FMNR, include improved food security from 42.6% at the baseline to 73.6% at the end line, improved livelihoods by about 68% per annum, and improved capacity building/stakeholder engagement, all positively contributing to climate change adaptation. A situational analysis before the implementation of FMNR had highlighted environmental deterioration; food insecurity, increased poverty and negative effect on livelihoods. The study concludes that FMNR is an effective strategy for mitigating and adapting to the adverse impacts of climate change. Policymakers are urged to integrate FMNR into national agroforestry and climate change policies, ensure broader adoption and long-term sustainability, while further research is needed to address existing limitations constraining the technique.
Livelihood Enhancement through Farmer Managed Natural Regeneration in Central Rift, Kenya
Authors: Chesire Michael , Kigen Charles , Munyao Carol , Korir Janet , Too Prisca 
Published: January 2025

Over the past few decades, there has been pressure to meet basic needs by citizens in developing countries as a result of conventional livelihood sources to support such provisions which have gradually dwindled for a variety of reasons, key among these being land degradation, climatic changes and land sub-division. Alternative and sustainable livelihoods for poverty reduction and enhanced income for households are desirable for adoption. This paper discusses the effect of the application of Farmer Managed Natural Regeneration (FMNR) in Kenya’s Arid and Semi-Arid Lands (ASAL) regions by Word Vision (WV) on food security, household income and livelihood enhancement. Case studies of farmers’ success stories supported by WVK are presented. Further, the paper outlines the roles of stakeholders in the implementation of the strategy and associated benefits to farmers in three counties of Baringo, Elgeyo Marakwet and Nakuru. A discussion of the relations between poverty, income and household food security in relation to SDGs 1 and 2 is presented. Major findings from the study include; FMNR has contributed to improved food security, from 42.6% in 2018 to 73.6% in 2021 (31%). Increased household income was reported from 25.2% in 2018 to 52.5% in 2021, representing a rise of 27.3%. Emerging alternative livelihood sources include beekeeping, mango farming and processing, poultry, pasture seed production and coffee farming. The paper concludes that the implementation of FMNR in the Central Rift is still small scale and majorly aided by World Vision Kenya in the three Area Development Programmes (ADPs). The adoption of FMNR as a livelihood enhancement strategy in arid and semi-arid areas to enhance food security, improve household income, reduce poverty and support environmental conservation efforts is recommended.