bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Insufficient Workplace Infection Control and Unhealthy Lifestyle Behaviors Are Related to Poor Self-Rated Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Inoue Yukiko , Nakata Akinori , Tateishi Seiichiro , Mafune Kosuke , Tsuji Mayumi , Ogami Akira , Odagami Kiminori , Matsugaki Ryutaro , Fujino Yoshihisa ,   for the CORoNa Work Project
Published: August 2023

Objective
This study investigated whether workers who practiced unhealthy lifestyles but worked under organizations with insufficient control against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) would pose a synergistic risk of poor self-rated health (SRH).

Methods
A total of 22,637 workers (men, 48.5%) were extracted from an online survey during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan (December 2020). Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to estimate adjusted odds ratio (AOR) against poor (poor, fair) SRH.

Results
Accumulation of unhealthy lifestyle behaviors (AOR, 1.49 to 4.40; P < 0.05) and insufficient infection control (AOR, 1.80; P < 0.05) were independently related to poor SRH; however, when these factors were combined, SRH was additively worsened (AOR, 2.14 to 7.72; P < 0.05).

Conclusions
This study highlights that not only unhealthy lifestyle practices but also poor organizational management against infection would worsen workers' SRH during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Screening and Referral for Behavioral Health Symptoms in Collegiate Athletes
Authors: Thompson Tyler , Kaplan Sebastian , Conway Rachel , Miles Christopher 
Published: August 2023

Objective:
We aim to investigate the prevalence of behavioral health symptoms in collegiate athletes and the frequency of referrals prompted by a preparticipation behavioral health screener.

Design:
Athletes completed a screening battery to detect behavioral health symptoms and sports psychology clinicians designed criteria for intervention based on the severity of symptoms reported. Data from the screener was retrospectively de-identified and analyzed.

Setting:
National Collegiate Athletic Association Division-I university.

Participants:
All athletes on active rosters were required to complete the screener as a component of the preparticipation examination.

Interventions:
Sports psychology clinicians created a protocol for intervention based on the number and severity of symptoms reported on the screener.

Main Outcome Measures:
Communication with athletes and referrals made to behavioral health services.

Results:
Of the 1126 surveys completed, 39% had behavioral health symptoms necessitating behavioral health referral. Twelve percent required a safety check-in, given the severity of their symptoms. Seven percent of the respondents were newly established with behavioral health services.

Conclusions:
Symptoms of behavioral health disorders are common among athletes and yet, for a myriad of reasons, many choose to forgo treatment. By implementing a behavioral health screening battery, the prevalence of behavioral health symptoms among athletes at our institution was elucidated and many athletes were newly established with behavioral health services. The tiered intervention protocol in this study allowed for appropriate assessment and triage of high-risk individuals, while simultaneously providing lower-risk individuals with appropriate resources. Surveillance for behavioral health symptoms among college athletes using a screening battery with a tiered intervention protocol can ensure at-risk athletes are identified, contacted, and referred to behavioral health services, potentially improving their athletic performance and overall well-being, while averting poor outcomes.
Nurse practitioner curriculum puzzle: Connecting all of the documents
Authors: Idzik Shannon , Holland Aimee Chism 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
Many organizations, foundational documents, and structures guide nurse practitioner (NP) educators. The number can be overwhelming for nurse practitioner faculty and administrators, but awareness and understanding are essential for developing high-quality NP programs. A set of five key questions is a starting place for NP faculty to identify documents that guide their NP program development and curricula. (1) Which states does your program meet state educational requirements for professional licensure or certification? (2) Which accreditor is your program accredited by? (3) Which certification examinations are your students prepared to take? (4) Which educational competencies/standards apply to your program? (5) Which professional or practice organizations might be influential to your program? The development of high-quality NP programs advances the protection of the public and upholds the reputation of the profession. Organizations, components of licensure, accreditation, certification, education, and practice (LACEP), and key documents from national organizations will be reviewed, including how each of these are complementary and different.
APOE2 gene therapy reduces amyloid deposition, and improves markers of neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in a mouse model of Alzheimer disease
Authors: Jackson Rosemary J , Keiser Megan S , Meltzer Jonah C , Fykstra Dustin P. , Dierksmeier Steven E. , Melloni Alexandra , Nakajima Tsuneo , Tecedor Luis , Ranum Paul T. , Carrell Ellie , Chen YongHong , Holtzman David M. , Davidson Beverly L. , Hyman Bradley T. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractEpidemiological studies show that individuals who carry the relatively uncommon APOE ε2 allele rarely develop Alzheimer disease, and if they do they have a later age of onset, milder clinical course, and less severe neuropathological findings than others with Alzheimer disease. The contrast is especially stark in comparison to the phenotype associated with the major genetic risk factor for Alzheimer disease, APOE ε4, which has an age of onset several decades earlier, as well as a more aggressive clinical course and notably more severe neuropathological findings, especially in terms of the amount of amyloid deposition. Even one APOE ε2 allele improves phenotype, but it is uncertain if that is due to the replacement of a more toxic allele by APOE ε2, or if APOE ε2 has a protective, neuro-modulatory effect. Here, we demonstrate that brain exposure to APOE2 via a gene therapy approach which bathes the entire cortical mantle in the gene product after transduction of the ependyma, rapidly ameliorates established Aβ plaque deposition, neurodegenerative synaptic loss, and, remarkably, reduces microglial activation in an APP/PS1 mouse model despite continued expression of human APOE4. This result suggests a promising protective effect of exogenous APOE2, revealing a cell non-autonomous effect of the protein on microglial activation. We also show that plaque associated microglia in the brain of patients who inherit APOE2 similarly have less microglial reactivity to plaques. These data raise the potential that an APOE2 therapeutic could be effective in Alzheimer disease even in individuals born with the risk ε4 allele.One Sentence SummaryIntroduction of ApoE2 using an AAV that transduces the ependymal cells of the ventricle causes a reduction in amyloid load and plaque associated synapse loss, and reduces neuroinflammation by modulating microglial responsiveness to plaques.
Itaconate stabilizes CPT1a to enhance lipid utilization during inflammation
Authors: Mainali Rabina , Buechler Nancy , Otero Cristian , Edwards Laken , Key Chia-Chi , Furdui Cristina , Quinn Matthew A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractOne primary metabolic manifestation of inflammation is the diversion of cis-aconitate within the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle to synthesize the immunometabolite itaconate. Itaconate is well established to possess immunomodulatory and metabolic effects within myeloid cells and lymphocytes, however, its effects in other organ systems during sepsis remain less clear. UtilizingIrg1knockout mice that are deficient in synthesizing itaconate, we aimed at understanding the metabolic role of itaconate in the liver and systemically during sepsis. We find itaconate aids in lipid metabolism during sepsis. Specifically,Irg1KO mice develop a heightened level of hepatic steatosis when induced with polymicrobial sepsis. Proteomics analysis reveal enhanced expression of enzymes involved in fatty acid oxidation in following 4-ocytl itaconate (4-OI) treatmentin vitro. Downstream analysis reveals itaconate stabilizes the expression of the mitochondrial fatty acid uptake enzyme CPT1a, mediated by its hypoubiquitination. Chemoproteomic analysis revealed itaconate interacts with proteins involved in protein ubiquitination as a potential mechanism underlying its stabilizing effect on CPT1a. From a systemic perspective, we find itaconate deficiency triggers a hypothermic response following endotoxin stimulation, potentially mediated by brown adipose tissue (BAT) dysfunction. Finally, by use of metabolic cage studies, we demonstrateIrg1KO mice rely more heavily on carbohydrates versus fatty acid sources for systemic fuel utilization in response to endotoxin treatment. Our data reveal a novel metabolic role of itaconate in modulating fatty acid oxidation during polymicrobial sepsis.
ALS iPSC-derived microglia and motor neurons respond to astrocyte-targeted IL-10 and CCL2 modulation
Authors: Allison Reilly L. , Ebert Allison D. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease characterized by the loss of upper and lower motor neurons (MNs). The loss of MNs in ALS leads to muscle weakness and wasting, respiratory failure, and death often within two years of diagnosis. Glial cells in ALS show aberrant expression of pro-inflammatory and neurotoxic proteins associated with activation and have been proposed as ideal therapeutic targets. In this study, we examined astrocyte-targeted treatments to reduce glial activation and neuron pathology using cells differentiated from ALS patient-derived iPSC carrying SOD1 and C9ORF72 mutations.Specifically, we tested the ability of increasing interleukin 10 (IL-10) and reducing C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2 / MCP-1) signaling targeted to astrocytes to reduce activation phenotypes in both astrocytes and microglia. Overall, we found IL10/CCL2NAb treated astrocytes to support anti-inflammatory phenotypes and reduce neurotoxicity, though through different mechanisms in SOD1 and C9ORF72 cultures. We also found altered responses of microglia and motor neurons to astrocytic influences when cells were cultured together rather than in isolation. Together these data support IL-10 and CCL2 as non-mutation-specific therapeutic targets for ALS and highlight the role of glial-mediated pathology in this disease.Main Points (2-3 bulleted sentences, 250 characters including spaces)Astrocyte-targeted IL-10 and neutralization of CCL2 reduce neuroinflammatory phenotypes in SOD1 and C9ORF72 models of ALS through divergent pathways.ALS microglia and motor neurons in purified monocultures display altered reactivity to pro– and anti-inflammatory influences from astrocytes compared to co-cultures.
Ageing attenuates exercise-enhanced motor cortical plasticity
Authors: Curtin Dylan , Cadwallader Claire J. , Taylor Eleanor M. , Andrews Sophie C. , Stout Julie C. , Hendrikse Joshua J. , Chong Trevor T-J. , Coxon James P. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCardiorespiratory exercise is known to modulate motor cortical plasticity in young adults, but the influence of ageing on this relationship is unknown. Here, we compared the effects of a single session of cardiorespiratory exercise on motor cortical plasticity in young and older adults. We acquired measures of cortical excitatory and inhibitory activity of the primary motor cortex using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) from 20 young (M± s.d. = 25.30 ± 4.00 years) and 20 older (M± s.d. = 64.10 ± 6.50 years) healthy adults. Single and paired pulse TMS measures were collected before and after a 20-minute bout of high-intensity interval cycling exercise or an equivalent period of rest, and again after intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS). In both young and older adults, exercise led to an increase in glutamatergic excitation and a reduction in gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) inhibition. However, in contrast to younger adults, older adults showed an attenuated plasticity response to iTBS following exercise. These results demonstrate an age-dependent decline in cortical plasticity and indicate that a preceding bout of high-intensity interval exercise may be less effective for enhancing primary motor cortex plasticity in older adults. Our findings align with the hypothesis that the capacity for cortical plasticity is altered in older age.Key pointsExercise enhances motor cortical plasticity in young adults, but how ageing influences this effect is unknown.Here, we compared primary motor cortical plasticity responses in young and older adults before and after a bout of high-intensity interval exercise, and again after a plasticity-inducing protocol – intermittent theta burst stimulation.In both young and older adults, exercise led to an increase in glutamatergic excitation and a reduction in gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABAergic) inhibition.Our key result was that older adults showed an attenuated plasticity response to theta burst stimulation following exercise, relative to younger adults.Our findings demonstrate an age-dependent decline in exercise-enhanced cortical plasticity and indicate that a preceding bout of high-intensity interval exercise may be less effective for enhancing primary motor cortex plasticity in older adults.
The motor apparatus of head movements in the Oleander hawkmoth (Daphnis nerii, Lepidoptera)
Authors: Prusty Agnish D. , Sane Sanjay P. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHead movements of insects play a vital role in diverse locomotory behaviors including flying and walking. Because insect eyes move minimally within their sockets, their head movements are essential to reduce visual blur and maintain a stable gaze. As in most vertebrates, gaze stabilization behavior in insects requires integration of both visual and mechanosensory feedback by the neck motor neurons. Whereas visual feedback is derived from the optic flow over the retina of their compound eyes, mechanosensory feedback is derived from their organs of balance, similar to the vestibular system in vertebrates. In Diptera, vestibular feedback is derived from the halteres – modified hindwings that evolved into mechanosensory organs – and is integrated with visual feedback to actuate compensatory head movements. However, non-Dipteran insects including Lepidoptera lack halteres. In these insects, vestibular feedback is obtained from the antennal Johnston’s organs but it is not well-understood how it integrates with visual feedback during head movements. Indeed, although head movements are well-studied in flies, the underlying motor apparatus in non-Dipteran taxa has received relatively less attention. As a first step towards understanding compensatory head movements in the Oleander hawkmothDaphnis nerii, we image the anatomy and architecture of their neck joint sclerites and muscles in using X-ray microtomography, and the associated motor neurons using fluorescent dye fills and confocal microscopy. Based on these morphological data, we propose testable hypotheses about the putative function of specific neck muscles during head movements, which can shed light on their role in neck movements and gaze stabilization.
Hemin decreases cellular aging and enhances healthspan and lifespan through the AMPK pathway
Authors: Zhang Yizhong , Naaz Arshia , Faidzinn Nashrul Afiq , Yogasundaram Sonia , Cheng Trishia Yi Ning , Jing Jovian Lin , Morel Gan Ingrid Wen-Hui Jeanette , Junqi Chen , Alfatah Mohammad 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe quest to understand and manipulate the mechanisms of cellular aging has far-reaching implications for improving human health and longevity. Our comprehensive effort has led to the discovery of the intriguing anti-aging potential of hemin, an FDA-approved drug primarily used for the treatment of acute intermittent porphyria. Leveraging both yeast and human cell models, we investigate the multifaceted effects of hemin on extending cellular lifespan. Intriguingly, the involvement of the AMPK pathway emerges as a pivotal mechanism underlying hemin’s anti-aging effects. The exploration of hemin’s impact on cellular functionality further uncovers its influence on mitochondrial processes. Notably, both mitochondrial-dependent and -independent mechanisms are implicated in hemin’s ability to extend cellular lifespan, with autophagy playing a significant role in the latter. Additionally, a striking synergy between hemin and the TORC1 inhibitor rapamycin is unveiled, underlining the complexity of cellular signaling networks involved in lifespan extension. Translating these findings to human cells, hemin demonstrates an analogous ability to induce mitochondrial biogenesis, reduce proinflammatory cytokine expression, and enhance antioxidant response. The conservation of hemin’s anti-aging effects across species holds promise for therapeutic applications in addressing age-related diseases and promoting healthier aging.
Splenocytes and thymocytes migration patterns between lymphoid organs in pregnancy
Authors: Cruz-Cureño Gabriela T. , Rosales-Tarteaut Marina Ch. , Arriaga-Pizano Lourdes A. , Sánchez-Torres Luvia E. , Castro-Eguiluz Denisse , Prieto-Chávez Jessica L. , Pastelin-Palacios Rodolfo , Flisser Ana , Cérbulo-Vázquez Arturo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundCell migration is essential for the immune system, and frequently is analyzing in adult non-pregnant animals, and poorly explored in pregnancy, however, a physiologic increase of size in the spleen and periaortic lymph nodes had been reported in pregnant mice.MethodsUsing a mouse model, we transferred PKH26-stained thymocytes and splenocytes from pregnant or non-pregnant animals to receptor mice in the presence or absence of pregnancy. Percentage and Mean Fluorescence Intensity were calculated by Flow cytometry in pregnant or non-pregnant mice. Non-parametric ANOVA analysis was performed.ResultsWe detected that the percentage of PKH26+ thymocytes into the spleen, lymph nodes, and peripheral blood is higher in females than in males. Our results showed a similar frequency of thymocytes and splenocytes from pregnant and non-pregnant located into receptor lymphoid organs. Also, the location of marked cells was similar during the perinatal period.ConclusionsThe mobility of thymocytes and splenocytes in pregnant and non-pregnant mice is similar, therefore we suggest that the larger size of the spleen and periaortic lymph nodes noted previously in pregnant mice, could be the result of retention of leukocytes in the secondary lymphoid organs.
The evolution of sexual dimorphism in gene expression in response to a manipulation of mate competition
Authors: Mishra Prashastha , Rundle Howard D. , Agrawal Aneil F. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMany genes are differentially expressed between males and females and patterns of sex-biased gene expression (SBGE) vary among species. Some of this variation is thought to have evolved in response to differences in mate competition among species that causes varying patterns of sex-specific selection. We used experimental evolution to test this by quantifying SBGE and sex-specific splicing in 15Drosophila melanogasterpopulations that evolved for 104 generations in mating treatments that removed mate competition via enforced monogamy, or allowed mate competition in either small, simple or larger, structurally more complex mating environments. Consistent with sex-specific selection affecting SBGE, initially sex-biased genes diverged in expression more among treatments than unbiased genes, and there was greater expression divergence for male-than female-biased genes. It has been suggested the transcriptome should be ‘feminized’ under monogamy because of the removal of sexual selection on males; we did not observe this, likely because selection differs in additional ways between monogamy vs. polygamy. Significant divergence in average expression dimorphism between treatments was observed and, in some treatment comparisons, the direction of the divergence differed across different sex-bias categories. There was not a generalized reduction in expression dimorphism under enforced monogamy.
Metatranscriptomic analysis of common mosquito vector species in the Canadian Prairies
Authors: Baril Cole , Cassone Bryan J. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe microbiome plays vital roles in the life history of mosquitoes, including their development, immunity, longevity, and vector competence. Recent advances in sequencing technologies have allowed for detailed exploration into the diverse microorganisms harboured by these medically important insects. Although these meta-studies have catalogued the microbiomes of mosquitoes on several continents, much of the information currently available for North America is limited to the state of California. In this study, we collected >35,000 mosquitoes throughout Manitoba, Canada over a two-year period, and then harnessed RNA sequencing and targeted RT-PCR to characterize the microbiomes of the eight most pervasive and important vector and pest species. The consensus microbiome of each species was overwhelmingly composed of viruses, but also included fungi, bacteria, protozoa, and parasitic invertebrates. The microbial assemblages were heterogeneous between species, even within the same genus. We detected notable pathogens, including the causal agents of Cache Valley Fever, avian malaria, and canine heartworm. The remaining microbiome consisted largely of putatively insect-specific viruses that are not well characterized, including 17 newly discovered viruses from 10 different families. Future research should focus on evaluating the potential application of these viruses in biocontrol, as biomarkers, and/or in disrupting mosquito vectorial capacity. Interestingly, we also detected viruses that naturally infect honeybees and thrips, which were presumably acquired indirectly through nectar foraging behaviours. Overall, we provide the first comprehensive catalogue of the microorganisms harboured by the most common and important mosquito vectors and pests in the Canadian Prairies.