bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perceptions Regarding Occupational Health and Safety Attitudes of Hospital Pharmacists in Ambulatory Care in Pakistan
Authors: Hashmi Ayisha , Nadeem Nida , Zahra Khulda E. , Malik Madeeha , Hussain Azhar 
Published: June 2023

Background: Standards for assessing and monitoring occupational health risks and safety measures for hospital pharmacists have been given prime importance in developed countries. However, occupational health and safety has often been neglected in developing countries. Lack of knowledge, poor training practices and insufficient resources are few of the reasons behind poor occupational health standards.
Objective: The objective of the study was to assess perceptions regarding occupational health and safety attitudes of hospital pharmacists in ambulatory care in Pakistan.
Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study design was used. The study respondents included hospital pharmacists working in Islamabad and Rawalpindi. Sample size was calculated to be 382 to achieve 95% confidence level with 5% margin of error. Convenient sampling technique was used to select respondents. A pre-validated tool Safety Attitudes Questionnaire-Ambulatory Version was used. Data was coded and analyzed using SPSS 21 after collection. Descriptive statistics comprising of frequency and percentages were calculated. Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis (p ≥ 0.05) tests were applied according to different demographic variables.
Results: Significant difference (p<0.05) was observed in perceptions of occupational health and safety attitudes in ambulatory care among respondents of different genders, cities, education level, age groups, experience, setting and salary. Females had poor safety attitudes in ambulatory care as compared to male respondents. Respondents having experience between 1-5 years had poor safety attitude as compared to other respondents. Respondents working in private sector had poor occupational health and safety attitudes as compared to those working in public sector.
Conclusion: The present study concluded that hospital pharmacists working in ambulatory care had satisfactory occupational health and safety attitudes. Respondents agreed that they had made errors due to workplace pressures and workload. Trainings should be conducted to improve the occupational health and safety attitudes of hospital pharmacists in ambulatory care.
Neonatal Iron Stores Depend on Gestational Age: A Prospective Comparative Cross-sectional Study at Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu State, Nigeria
Authors: Asinobi Isaac Nwabueze 
Published: June 2023

Aims: To establish mean values for serum ferritin at different gestational ages. To determine the relationship between serum ferritin and gestational age.
Methodology: This was a prospective, comparative, cross sectional study carried out at the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital (UNTH), Enugu State, Nigeria between June and December 2014. The study included 140 newborns with gestational ages of 25 weeks to 39 weeks, delivered at the UNTH. Babies with C-reactive protein levels > 10mg/dl, who were intra-uterine growth restricted, and whose mothers had conditions associated with low iron stores were excluded from the study. Anthropometric measurements were recorded for all subjects. Serum ferritin was measured at birth and this was correlated with gestational age.
Results: Serum ferritin levels ranged from 20.6 to 296.4µg/l. The mean serum ferritin level was 93.14µg/l ± 57.69. There was a significant difference among the mean serum ferritin levels amongst different categories of gestational age (F = 11.159, P <.001). Low serum ferritin was found in 85.7%, 48.1% and 16.7% of extreme preterms, very preterms and moderate to late preterms respectively 2 = 49.777, P < .05). Extreme preterms were sixty-four times more likely than term babies to have low serum ferritin (P <.01, OR = 64.00, 95% C.I for OR = 6.570 – 623.455), while very preterms were ten times more likely than term babies to have low serum ferritin levels (P < .001, OR = 9.905 95% C.I = 3.209 -30.570). In addition, moderate to late preterms were two times more likely than term babies to have low serum ferritin levels (P = 0.220, OR = 2.133, 95% C.I for OR = 0.635 – 7.167). There was a significant strong positive correlation between serum ferritin levels and gestational age in the study population (r = 0.656, P < .001).
Conclusion: There is a wide range of serum ferritin amongst newborn babies. There is also a significant strong positive correlation between serum ferritin levels and gestational age.
Phytochemical Composition and Anti-Motility Effects of Napoleonae imperialis Methanol Crude Leaf Extract and Fractions in Rats
Authors: Kelechi C. Oguamanam, , Omeh Yusuf N. , Emmanuel Uhuo , Ofoezie Raymond C. 
Published: June 2023

Background: Extracts from that Napoleonae imperialis leaves have traditionally been used to treat wounds and diarrhoea in south east Nigeria.
Aim: The present study was carried out to evaluate following scientific principles, the phytochemical composition and anti-motility effect of leaf extract and fractions prepared from the plants in experimental rats.
Methods: Crude extract was prepared from the plant’s leaves and was subjected to phytochemical and acute toxicity tests. Thereafter, the extract was fractionated using column and thin layer chromatographic techniques. Anti-motility effect of the crude extract and fractions was evaluated using 80 rats assigned to 16 groups of 5 rats each. While group 1 served as control and group 2 was treated with Loperamide (0.5 mg/kg), groups 3-16 were treated with specific dose levels of the crude extract or fraction before charcoal meal 30 minutes after treatments. The animals were sacrificed in a further 30 minutes to assess the extents of movement of the charcoal meal along the gastrointestinal tract.
Results: Alkaloids (31.09 +0.44 mg/100 g) were the most abundant phytochemical identified in the crude extract and was followed by flavonoids (17.19± 0.90 mg/100 g). Others were saponins (9.61±0.12 mg/100 g), tannins, (3.23±0.06 mg/100 g), phenolics (8.83±0.41 mg/100 g), steroids (5.24±0.10 mg/100 g), terpenoids (2.58±0.11 mg/100 g) and cardiac glycosides (4.95±0.08 mg/100 g). Results of acute toxicity (LD50) test showed no mortality nor obvious signs of toxicity, even at an oral dose of 5000 mg/kg in rats. Results of the anti-motility studies showed that Napoleonae imperialis crude extract and fractions significantly inhibited charcoal meal transit in rat’s gastrointestinal tract with 500 mg/kg of the extract producing an inhibitory effect of 51.44±3.53%. A repeat of the test on chromatographic fractions of the extract showed that fraction 5 had the highest anti-motility effect having produced an inhibitory effect of 87.70±6.04% on intestinal motility.
Conclusion: Our findings have shown that Napoleonae imperialis leaves contain pharmacologically active components with antidiarrhoeal activities and may be the reason for its antidiarrheoal application in traditional medicine. The observed effects of the extract may be due to its flavonoids and tannins contents and may be via the anticholinergic and osmotic pathway. Solvent combination for fraction 5 may be the most ideal for higher anti-motility effects. More work is required to further establish these findings.
Insights from the remote co‐creation of an Indigenous knowledge questionnaire about aquatic ecosystems in Kinngait, Nunavut
Authors: Christie Laurissa R. , Drake Allison K. , Perkovic Adam ,   Aiviq Hunters and Trappers Association, Manning Ooloosie , Peter Sheojuk , Qiatsuq Pudloo , Alexander Steven M. , Nguyen Vivian M. , Dunmall Karen M. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

There is growing interest in co‐developing research projects that more fully address the priorities of Indigenous communities throughout the Canadian Arctic and beyond. However, details regarding collaborative methods are often not adequately described in the literature.

Here, we describe a process to remotely co‐create a questionnaire compiling Indigenous knowledge about local aquatic species and their habitats with the community of Kinngait, Nunavut. This project was undertaken in response to interest expressed by the Aiviq Hunters and Trappers Association in understanding and assessing the impacts of climate change on coastal ecosystems.

Researchers from Fisheries and Oceans Canada and academic partners drafted an initial questionnaire that was revised through a series of collaborative sessions with community‐based technicians.

We detail the stages of this process and discuss elements that enabled co‐creation including: adaptable and frequent communication, community technician roles, and a pre‐existing partnership.

This paper emphasizes that project co‐development and the co‐creation of research tools can be a mutually beneficial process that can broaden our collective understanding of the impacts of climate change on Arctic aquatic ecosystems.
Systematic Analysis of Tissue‐Derived and Biofluid Extracellular Vesicle miRNAs Associated with Prostate Cancer
Authors: Larson Jeevan , Ozen Mehmet Ozgun , Kohli Manish , Akin Demir , Demirci Utkan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) are emerging as biomarker candidates for early detection of prostate cancer. Studies compare EV‐microRNA (miRNA) expression in individuals with prostate cancer (PCa) with cancer‐free samples for diagnostic purposes. The aim of this study is to review miRNA signatures to investigate the overlap between miRNAs enriched in PCa tissue and miRNAs enriched in EVs isolated from subjects with PCa biofluids (i.e., urine, serum, and plasma). Signatures dysregulated in EVs from PCa biofluids and tissue are potentially associated with the primary tumor site and might be more indicative of PCa at an early stage. A systematic review of EV‐derived miRNAs and a reanalysis of PCa tissue miRNA sequencing data for comparison is presented. Articles in the literature are screened for validated miRNA dysregulation in PCa and compared with TCGA primary PCa tumor data using DESeq2. This resulted in 190 dysregulated miRNAs being identified. Thirty‐one eligible studies are identified, indicating 39 dysregulated EV‐derived miRNAs. The top ten markers identified as significantly dysregulated in the PCa tissue dataset TCGA (e.g., miR‐30b‐3p, miR‐210‐3p, miR‐126‐3p, and miR‐196a‐5p) have a significant expression change in EVs with the same directionality in one or several statistically significant results. This analysis highlights several less frequently studied miRNAs in PCa literature.
The Impact of Vaccination Time on the Antibody Response to an Inactivated Vaccine against SARS‐CoV‐2 (IMPROVE‐2): A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Lai Fenghua , Li Bin , Mei Jie , Zhou Qian , Long Jianyan , Liang Ruiming , Mo Ruohui , Peng Sui , Liu Yihao , Xiao Haipeng 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThere is still controversy about whether severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) vaccination at different times of day will induce a stronger immune response. Therefore, a randomized controlled trial (ChiCTR2100045109) is conducted to investigate the impact of vaccination time on the antibody response to the inactivated vaccine against SARS‐CoV‐2 from April 15 to 28, 2021. Participants are randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive inactivated SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccine in the morning or afternoon. The primary endpoint is the change of neutralizing antibody between baseline and 28 days after the second dose. In total, 503 participants are randomized, and 469 participants (238 in the morning group and 231 in the afternoon group) complete the follow‐up. There is no significant difference in the change of neutralizing antibody between baseline and 28 days after the second dose between the morning and afternoon groups (22.2 [13.2, 45.0] AU mL−1 vs 22.0 [14.4, 40.7] AU mL−1, P = 0.873). In prespecified age and sex subgroup analyses, there is also no significant difference in the morning and afternoon group (all P > 0.05). This study demonstrates that the vaccination time does not affect the antibody response of two doses of inactivated SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccine.
Recent Advances and Clinical Potential of Near Infrared Photothermal Conversion Materials for Photothermal Hepatocellular Carcinoma Therapy
Authors: Ge Rui‐Liang , Yan Pei‐Ning , Liu Yang , Li Zhi‐Shuai , Shen Shu‐Qun , Yu Yong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractGrowing concern about photothermal tumor therapy (PTT) as a promising alternative to conventional liver cancer treatment, which is a treatment strategy that utilizes near‐infrared (NIR) light‐induced photothermal agents (PTAs) to yield photothermal effects to localize thermal damage for tumors. Herein, given the gap between experimental research and clinical application, this review seeks to timely summarize and highlight the recent progress of PTAs used for photothermal treatment of liver cancer in vivo and in vitro in the last five‐year. The implications of various PTAs on the multifunctional photothermal conversion capability, the structure‐performance correlations of PTT, together with the evaluation of their potential in application are systematically dissected to further dig out what the buried mechanism is. Besides, higher requirements are put forward for the discrepancies and crucial issues faced by different PTAs in PTT with related medical technical obstacles being conquered, which lays a solid theoretical foundation for the medical field of oncology treatment as a whole, especially liver cancer. Finally, it is expected that this review can present valuable guidance for the design of efficient, photostability, and biosafety‐aware PTAs for anticancer therapy while stepping into the fast traffic lane for the conversion from bench to bedside in the foreseeable future.
Silver‐Containing Biomaterials for Biomedical Hard Tissue Implants
Authors: Shao Huifeng , Zhang Tao , Gong Youping , He Yong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBacterial infection caused by biomaterials is a very serious problem in the clinical treatment of implants. The emergence of antibiotic resistance has prompted other antibacterial agents to replace traditional antibiotics. Silver is rapidly developing as an antibacterial candidate material to inhibit bone infections due to its significant advantages such as high antibacterial timeliness, high antibacterial efficiency, and less susceptibility to bacterial resistance. However, silver has strong cytotoxicity, which can cause inflammatory reactions and oxidative stress, thereby destroying tissue regeneration, making the application of silver‐containing biomaterials extremely challenging. In this paper, the application of silver in biomaterials is reviewed, focusing on the following three issues: 1) how to ensure the excellent antibacterial properties of silver, and not easy to cause bacterial resistance; 2) how to choose the appropriate method to combine silver with biomaterials; 3) how to make silver‐containing biomaterials in hard tissue implants have further research. Following a brief introduction, the discussion focuses on the application of silver‐containing biomaterials, with an emphasis on the effects of silver on the physicochemical properties, structural properties, and biological properties of biomaterials. Finally, the review concludes with the authors’ perspectives on the challenges and future directions of silver in commercialization and in‐depth research.
EISA in Tandem with ICD to Form In Situ Nanofiber Vaccine for Enhanced Tumor Radioimmunotherapy
Authors: Luo Hongjing , Cao Hongmei , Jia Haixue , Shang Yuna , Liu Jinjian , Gui Han , Yang Cuihong , Ren Chunhua , Wang Zhongyan , Liu Jianfeng 
Published: June 2023

AbstractRadiotherapy (RT) can produce a vaccine effect and remodel a tumor microenvironment (TME) by inducing immunogenic cell death (ICD) and inflammation in tumors. However, RT alone is insufficient to elicit a systemic antitumor immune response owing to limited antigen presentation, immunosuppressive microenvironment, and chronic inflammation within the tumor. Here, a novel strategy is reported for the generation of in situ peptide‐based nanovaccines via enzyme‐induced self‐assembly (EISA) in tandem with ICD. As ICD progresses, the peptide Fbp‐GDFDFDpY (Fbp‐pY), dephosphorylated by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) forms a fibrous nanostructure around the tumor cells, resulting in the capture and encapsulation of the autologous antigens produced by radiation. Utilizing the adjuvant and controlled‐release advantages of self‐assembling peptides, this nanofiber vaccine effectively increases antigen accumulation in the lymph nodes and cross‐presentation by antigen‐presenting cells (APCs). In addition, the inhibition of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX–2) expression by the nanofibers promotes the repolarization of M2‐macrophages into M1 and reduces the number of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and myeloid‐derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) required for TME remodeling. As a result, the combination of nanovaccines and RT significantly enhances the therapeutic effect on 4T1 tumors compared with RT alone, suggesting a promising treatment strategy for tumor radioimmunotherapy.
Printed Bilayer Liquid Metal Soft Sensors for Strain and Tactile Perception in Soft Robotics
Authors: Kaneko Takeru , Wang Yi‐Fei , Hori Mayuka , Sekine Tomohito , Yoshida Ayako , Takeda Yasunori , Kumaki Daisuke , Tokito Shizuo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA liquid metal (LM) soft sensors for strain monitoring and self‐powered tactile detection in soft robotics are developed. The sensor is fabricated by printing a bilayer of oxidized LM paste and bare LM on a soft substrate. This bilayer design overcomes the challenges in scalable printing of liquid metal and demonstrates soft sensors with exceptional electromechanical performance. Specifically, the sensor exhibits a strain sensing range of over 400% with a gauge factor of over 2, while displaying low hysteresis and high mechanical stability. Furthermore, the sensor utilizes a single electrode triboelectric effect to achieve self‐powered tactile sensing. To demonstrate the potential of these sensors in soft robotics, it is integrated into a soft pneumatic actuator and successfully demonstrate their ability to perceive gestures, motion, and grasping. This work highlights the potential of LM‐based soft sensors in advancing the field of soft sensing and soft robotics.
Precisely Manipulating the Self‐Reduction of Manganese in MgGa2O4 through Lithium Incorporation for Optical Thermometry and Anti‐Counterfeiting
Authors: Xue Junpeng , Li Ling , Runowski Marcin , Guo Yue , Lee Bo Ram , Jeong Jung Hyun , Du Peng , Park Sung Heum 
Published: June 2023

AbstractManganese (Mn) doped MgGa2O4 (MGO) phosphors are prepared by a solid‐state reaction technique in air. Upon UV light excitation, the featured green and red emissions of Mn2+ and Mn4+, respectively, are detected in the Mn‐doped MGO phosphors, indicating the incomplete self‐reduction behavior of Mn in the MGO host lattices. To clarify the incomplete self‐reduction behavior, theoretical calculations based on density functional theory and bond energy theory are performed. Moreover, the self‐reduction behavior of Mn can be manipulated by the incorporation of Li+, leading to the precise regulation of the Mn2+ and Mn4+ contents in the MGO host lattices. Based on the ionic radii, the inhibited self‐reduction mechanism is triggered by Li+ occupying the tetrahedral Mg2+ site, leading to the reduced occupancy of tetrahedral Mg2+ sites by Mn ions, and forcing Mn to take up the octahedral Ga3+ sites. Furthermore, the afterglow properties of phosphors with wide and continuous multiple traps are studied in detail. Finally, based on unique luminescence properties of the phosphors, their potential application in ratiometric optical thermometer and optical anti‐counterfeiting is also systematically exploited.
YY2‐DRP1 Axis Regulates Mitochondrial Fission and Determines Cancer Stem Cell Asymmetric Division
Authors: Wei Mankun , Nurjanah Uli , Li Juan , Luo Xinxin , Hosea Rendy , Li Yanjun , Zeng Jianting , Duan Wei , Song Guanbin , Miyagishi Makoto , Kasim Vivi , Wu Shourong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCancer stem cells (CSCs) are associated with tumor progression, recurrence, and therapeutic resistance. To maintain their pool while promoting tumorigenesis, CSCs divide asymmetrically, producing a CSC and a highly proliferative, more differentiated transit‐amplifying cell. Exhausting the CSC pool has been proposed as an effective antitumor strategy; however, the mechanism underlying CSC division remains poorly understood, thereby largely limiting its clinical application. Here, through cross‐omics analysis, yin yang 2 (YY2) is identified as a novel negative regulator of CSC maintenance. It is shown that YY2 is downregulated in stem‐like tumor spheres formed by hepatocarcinoma cells and in liver cancer, in which its expression is negatively correlated with disease progression and poor prognosis. Furthermore, it is revealed that YY2 overexpression suppressed liver CSC asymmetric division, leading to depletion of the CSC pool and decreased tumor‐initiating capacity. Meanwhile, YY2 knock‐out in stem‐like tumor spheres caused enrichment in mitochondrial functions. Mechanistically, it is revealed that YY2 impaired mitochondrial fission, and consequently, liver CSC asymmetric division, by suppressing the transcription of dynamin‐related protein 1. These results unravel a novel regulatory mechanism of mitochondrial dynamic‐mediated CSCs asymmetric division and highlight the role of YY2 as a tumor suppressor and a therapeutic target in antitumor treatment.
Solvation–Reduction Coupling in Ca2+ Electroactivity in Glyme‐Based Electrolytes: A First Principles Study
Authors: Nguyen Long Hoang Bao , Filhol Jean‐Sébastien 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe electrochemical activity of solvated Ca2+ in glyme‐based electrolytes is investigated using grand canonical density functional theory approach and Fukui functions. The obtained results reveal that the length of glyme molecules has little effect on the reduction potentials, but has significant impacts on the effective electron transfer process. In short chain glymes, the transferred electron is located on a Ca2+ center and the organic part of the solvation sphere, leading to a direct Ca2+ reduction and a partial degradation of the glyme molecules. As the glyme's length increases, the reduction process turns into the formation of solvated electrons rather than Ca2+ reduction, unless a partial desolvation occurs. Consequently, an effective Ca2+ reduction in long chain glyme‐based electrolytes is controlled by a (partial) desolvation of the solvation sphere. These results can be used as guiding information to design new electrolytes having the Ca2+ reduction potential in an accessible voltage range together with an effective Ca2+ reduction process. The methodology developed in this study can be universally applied to investigate the thermodynamic and kinetic properties of other battery systems using metal anodes, which might lead to a paradigm shift in the design of prospective electrolytes for future battery technologies.