bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification and classification of ATS in oral fluid based on Ag nanoassemblies on Si surface doped with Au nanobipyramids
Authors: Cui Sheng-Feng , Yang Hai-Long , Huang Xin , Wan Jing-Wei 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Herein, a novel Ag NP substrate doped with Au nanobipyramids was designed and fabricated via a convenient procedure of galvanic reaction for the identification and classification of amphetamine-type stimulants (ATS) in oral fluids in combination with surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). The substrate was shown to have a three-dimensional nanostructure, high SERS activity, and good stability. In combination with SERS, the Ag NP substrate doped with Au nanobipyramids was able to detect ultra-low traces of ATS, including amphetamine, methylamphetamine, 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, and 3,4-methylenedioxymethylamphetamine in oral fluid, with limit of detection values as low as 10–14 mg/mL, which is much better than the current spectroscopic techniques, and there exists a good negative linear relation between concentration and peaks intensity at nanogram (10–9 mg/mL) concentration level. In addition, multivariate analysis showed that partial least squares-discriminant analysis model could discriminate among different ATS. The approach can be broadly applied to the ultra-low trace detection of ATS and would be particularly useful for the analyses of nitrogenous organic compounds.
The control of hormogonia induction/suppression by the alteration of scmucilage signaling molecules in Cycas plant in an endosymbiotic cyanobacterium
Authors: Sanniyasi Elumalai , R Kreedika , Gopal Rajesh Kanna , Damodharan Rajesh , Raj Preethy P , Prakash Rejoy Antony 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This study focuses on the role of mucilage signaling molecules secreted by the Cycad plant in the regulation of hormogonia induction/suppression in a novel endosymbiotic cyanobacterium (Cyanocohniella cycadae sp. nov.) isolated from the coralloid root of Cycas circinalis. Through a series of experiments using a combination of extraction, screening, acid-hydrolysis, derivatization, and GC-MS approaches, we sought to identify and characterize the mucilage signaling molecules secreted by Cycas circinalis and their role in the regulation of hormogonia induction/suppression in Cyanocohniella cycadae. Our results indicated that the mucilage components secreted in the coralloid root (CA) vary with the pre-coralloid root (PCA) of the same Cycas plant. Hence, we identified the presence of specific monosaccharides like arabinose (14.93 %), galactose (5.61 %), xylose (6.46 %), glucose (6.70 %), and altrose (4.41 %) in CA results in the suppression of hormogonia, whereas, glucose (29.86 %), fructose (18.86 %), talose (6.73 %), and lyxose (3.88 %) in PCA induces hormogonia development. Overall, this study provides new insight into the role of the alteration of mucilage signaling molecules. A shift between hexose and pentose in the pre-coralloid and coralloid root switches the induction and suppression of hormogonia in the cyanobacterium respectively. Further studies are needed to elucidate the mucilage biosynthetic pathways in the regulation of hormogonia induction/suppression in a variety of endosymbiotic cyanobacteria.
Transverse Mandibular Morphology in Different Sagittal Skeletal Malocclusions: A CBCT Study
Authors: Chalhoub Mohamad , Kanj Abdel Hadi , Osman Essam , KMEID Roland , Wak Terry El , Bouserhal Joseph 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objectives The study aimed to evaluate the mandibular width in males and females in different sagittal skeletal malocclusions (SSMs) using cone-beam-computed-tomography (CBCT).Materials and methods The study sample consisted of 90 CBCT scans of subjects (45 males and 45 females) aged between 18 and 40 years old with a mean age of 31.91 ± 7.61, divided into six equal groups with fifteen subjects each according to their SSM: Class I males and females (CIM, CIF), Class II males and females (CIIM, CIIF) and Class III males and females (CIIIM, CIIIF). Landmarks were identified on the axial plane as well as on the three-dimensional reconstructed views, then the distances between the right and left: condylar superior (CsupR-CsupL), Antegonions (AGR-AGL) and mental foramens (MFR-MFL) were measured using Dolphin imaging-software along with the following 2 angles: CsupR-AGR/CsupL-AGL and AGR-MFR/AGL-MFL. All relevant data were then analyzed with a two-way ANOVA.Results Mandibular width was significantly superior in males compared to females in all SSMs at the level of Csup, AG and MF, except in CII subjects at the MF area where it was higher in females. AGR-AGL as well as MFR-MRL distances was elevated in CIIIM compared to CIIM and CIM. CsupR-AGR/CsupL-AGL angle was smaller in CIIIF compared to CIF and CIIF subjects. AGR-MFR/AGL-MFL angle was higher in CIIM than that of CIIF.Conclusions Although the mandibular width increases in CIII malocclusion compared to CI and CII, the intercondylar distance does not significantly change.Clinical Relevance: Surgically facilitated orthodontic treatment (SFOT) can be a better alternative than mandibular distraction osteogenesis in class II transversally deficient mandibles as the latter increases the intercondylar width while the former does not.
Verifiable and privacy-preserving fine-grained data management in vehicular fog computing: A game theory-based approach
Authors: Seyedi Zahra , Rahmati Farhad , Ali Mohammad , Liu Ximeng 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Vehicular fog computing (VFC) is an effective technology in providing end-users and vehicles with ultra-low-latency services by extending fog computing to regular vehicular networks. It enables connected Vehicular Fog Nodes (VFNs) to process real-time data and promptly respond to users’ queries. However, touching unencrypted data by VFNs raises security challenges definitely, the top of which is confidentiality, and giving encrypted data to VFNs causes other problems such as encrypted data processing. Apart from these, how to inspect and encourage VFNs to provide a secure, honest, and user-satisfactory network is of vital importance to this area. To address these challenges, we design a novel fine-grained data management (FGDM) approach for VFC-assisted systems. Our FGDM provides control over both retrieval and access to outsourced data in fine-grained ways. Also, it offers highly efficient approaches for the accuracy verification of operations performed by VFNs. In designing the system, we consider a three-player game among system entities to capture their interactions. We formulate the management problems as a Nash Equilibrium (NE) problem and show the existence of an equilibrium. Our security analysis and empirical results demonstrate that the FGDM is secure in the standard model and acceptably efficient.
New approach of creation and modifying the characteristics of AuNPs/MWCNT/PSi hybrid structures
Authors: Ali Samah G. , Alwan Alwan M. , Jabbar Allaa A. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In this paper, a new approach is presented on modifying the properties of hybrid structures of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and multi wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT); deposited on morphologically controlled porous silicon (PSi) surface. The PSi layer was prepared by Photo-electrochemical etching using a current density between 15 to 30mA/cm2. The AuNPs/ MWCNT was decorated on a PSi surface by simple ion reduction from aqueous solutions of gold salt (HAuCl4) at 5\(\times\)10−2 M, 10− 2 M, 10− 3 M, and 10− 4 M concentrations. Structural, morphological and optical characterizations of (AuNPs/MWCNT/PSi) hybrid structure were analyzed with respect of the PSi layer morphology. The obtained results showed a possibility of effectively controlling the hybrid structures morphology, the AuNPs size and the surface area by controlling the pores’ diameters. The deposition of the MWCNT and AuNPs on the wall and pore may enhance the specific surface area of the hybrid structure. Moreover, the decrease of the concentration of the gold salt aqueous solution led a significant decrease of the AuNPs sizes, and this added another means to modify the hybrid structures.
A facile and on-demand optimizing strategy for polyurethane elastomers via programmable hydrogen bonding
Authors: Zou Meishuai , Bai Zichen , Li Xiaodong , Wu Tianhao , Jiang Hao , Zhang Xudong , Zhang Lichen , Yang Yi , Liu Shuang , Lei Lisha , Song Ningning , Wang Zhengdi , Su Xing 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPolyurethane elastomers have advantages in terms of elasticity, toughness and oil-resistance because of its unique hydrogen bonding structure. It has been widely used in industry. However, the poor designability of hydrogen bonding structure in existing polyurethane elastomers severely restricts the on-demand regulation of their properties. Moreover, like most polymer materials, polyurethane elastomers are susceptible to heat or radiation induced aging which significantly limit their practical effectiveness. Herein, a facile, universal, efficient and programmable strategy based on physical modification of polyphenol aggregates was proposed, which could systematically improve the overall performance of engineering polyurethane elastomers. Through precisely manipulated heat-induced phase transition and/or photo-induced interfacial hydrogen bonding upgrading due to polyphenol aggregates, programmable strengthening and toughening effect could be achieved with high precision. Typically, the tensile strength and toughness of our proposed polyurethane elastomers could be enhanced by 3.23 and 2.22 times comparing with neat polyurethane samples, respectively. The relevant results were supported by various characterization and mathematical modeling. In addition, the polyurethane elastomers exhibited unique selective biocompatibility, rapid self-healing capability under mild conditions and nice recyclability, which could fulfill a variety of functions. Our proposed modifying strategy by using polyphenol aggregates can not only programmably optimize the comprehensive properties of polyurethane elastomers, but also inspire programmable regulation of polyurethane performance through programmable design of its certain microstructure in the future. Our proposed polyurethane materials hold big promise in the application of structure materials, programmable devices, artificial intelligence, biomedicine, environmental protection and etc.
Hopf bifurcation and patterns in a modified SIR model
Authors: Yang Wenjie , Zheng Qianqian , Shen Jianwei , Guan Linan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Infectious diseases have constantly threatened human safety because the diffusion of the susceptible and infected may make more individuals infected and even die. In this paper, a modified SIR model with both external stimulus and diffusion is considered to illustrate the dynamical mechanism of the periodic outbreak and pattern formation. Firstly, we propose a modified SIR model based on the propagation behavior of infectious diseases to show the effects of the different parameters and diffusion on the outbreak. The Hopf bifurcation and multiscale methods are performed to analyze the stability of this model, which explains the dynamical mechanism of the periodic outbreak. Then the pattern formation and Turing instability are discussed through comparison principles to reveal the role of periodic disturbances and diffusion in selecting pattern formation. Also, we find rich patterns that may occur when the frequency modulation is close to the intrinsic frequency. Finally, our theoretical results are verified by numerical simulation.
2010 MSC: 34F10, 35B36, 92C42.
Conditions Necessary for Optimizing the Performance of Volunteers in Sports Events
Authors: Asefi Ahmadali , Kameli Fatame 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Volunteers play a crucial role in the success of sports events, and optimizing their performance can significantly impact the overall quality of the event. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify and prioritize the conditions necessary for optimizing the performance of volunteers in sports events. To achieve this objective, we reviewed relevant literature on volunteering and identified important factors for the optimal performance of volunteers in sports events. We then used the Best Worst Method (BWM) to determine the importance and weight of each factor. By addressing these factors, sports event managers can influence volunteer behavior and optimize their performance, ultimately leading to a successful and memorable sports event. It's important to note that the specific factors that need to be addressed may vary depending on the context of the sports event and the volunteers involved.
Analysis of a novel insulin lisargine at the molecular level using X-ray crystallography and biophysical techniques
Authors: Zhu Zhu , Wang Han , Wang Li , Yang Qingrong , Zhou Wei , Wang Peng , Zheng Zhiming 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The structural characterization of insulin analogs is crucial for their clinical applications. In previous study, we developed a novel long-acting insulin analog called insulin lisargine, which exhibits superior sustained-release properties. However, its structure remains unclear and requires thorough investigation. We determined the amino acid sequence of insulin lisargine using mass spectrometry and analyzed its secondary structure using circular dichroism spectroscopy. Furthermore, we employed X-ray crystallography experiments at the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility to elucidate the crystal structure of the insulin lisargine analog, achieving a resolution of approximately 2.0Å. Comparison with the human insulin structure in the Protein Data Bank revealed structural similarities between the two. These findings suggest promising prospects for the insulin lisargine analog and provide essential foundational information for subsequent drug design and optimization. In summary, we conducted a comprehensive structural study on the insulin lisargine analog, shedding light on its potential applications in the field. The obtained insights pave the way for future drug development and optimization efforts.
Correlation Challenges for North-Sea Offshore Wind Power–A Norwegian Case Study
Authors: Hjelmeland Martin , Nøland Jonas Kristiansen 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Offshore wind power projects are currently booming around the North Sea. However, there are inherent correlation challenges between wind farms in this area, which has implications for the optimal composition of locations and the scale-up of installed capacities. This paper is aimed at addressing the correlation problem by minimizing the variance of total wind power accumulated around the North Sea. We show that this nonlinear convex optimization problem can be solved by applying the Augmented Lagrangian optimization algorithm. The premise of the study is that more interconnections between the EU countries will be prioritized in order to optimize and smooth out the wind power production patterns. A dataset with historical hour-by-hour data spanning over 18 years was used for the analysis. We have focused on two scenarios for Norwegian offshore wind. One scenario includes the ongoing activities on the European continental side of the North Sea and the implications for Norway. Here we show the benefits of focusing on wind power buildouts in the north of Norway to increase the value of the wind power generated. Another reference scenario overlooks this impact by ignoring interconnections. Here, significantly more offshore wind will be built in the south of Norway, Sørige Nordsjø II, in particular. Our work has also estimated the wind power correlation coefficient in the North Sea as a function of the distance. Finally, the deviations and intermittencies in the North Sea wind power have been analyzed over different time intervals, highlighting that the perceived integration challenges strongly depend on the considered time resolution in the analysis.
Evaluation of Occupational Stress Among Pg Residents and Practitioners of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery in South Kerala Population
Authors: Rajan Ravi , Varghese Geethu Philo 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
OBJECTIVE
The objective of our study was to assess the stress level among Post-graduate residents and practitioners of Oral and maxillofacial surgery in south Kerala population.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Nearly 56 Oral and maxillofacial surgeons from the south Kerala population were given a self-administered questionnaire. This was composed of four sections including, demographic information, professional practice characteristics, work stress factors and response of to stress. The descriptive data were analyzed and Chi-square, t-test and F tests were used for statistical significance (P < 0.05).
RESULTS
32.3% of respondents responded. In all, 50% of them were under 30 years old, and 76.8% had work experience of less than five years. The stressors with the highest mean scores (SD) of 2.93 are those connected to dental procedures (1.46). Uncooperative patients (57.2%), an excessive or insufficient quantity of labour (60.5%), and a persistent pursuit of technical perfection (54.6%) were the most common causes of stress. Numerous symptoms of stress were seen in dentists, including physical weariness in 63% of cases and anxiousness in 57.1%.
CONCLUSION
In the south Kerala population, oral and maxillofacial surgery is a stressful profession. The primary significant elements that contributed to stress were a lack of experience, a poor income, uncooperative patients, and factors linked to dental procedures.
Lightweight PCB defect detection algorithm based on MSD-YOLO
Authors: zhou Guoao , Yu Lijuan , Su Yixin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Aiming at the problems of low accuracy and slow detection rate of existing target detection algorithms for PCB defect detection, and too many parameters of algorithm model leading to the inability to deploy on mobile terminals, a PCB defect detection algorithm based on MSD-YOLOv5 is proposed.Firstly, to ensure both detection accuracy and speed while reducing the model's size,we combine the lightweight MobileNet-v3 network with the CSPDarknet53 network.Further,the attention mechanism is introduced to highlight the important feature channels and weaken the less useful ones, so as to improve the feature extraction ability of the network. Finally, the coupling detection head is replaced with a decoupling detection head, and the defect location information and category information on the PCB are extracted and learned respectively, which solves the problem of highly coupling of different information feature distributions and enhances the generalization ability of the model.We conduct experiments on a publicly available PCB defect dataset from Peking University using this algorithm.The results show that the proposed method reduces the parameters of YOLOv5 model by 46% and improves the detection accuracy by 3.34%.
External quality assessment scheme for sperm DNA fragmentation: A pilot study in China
Authors: Zheng Yan , Wu Ying-Bi , Jia Ye-Lin , Ying Li-Juan , Yang Ting-Ting , Cheng Qing-Yuan , Qin Jiao , Luo Chen , Yu Lin , Li Fuping 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background: The aim of this article is to establish an external quality assessment(EQA) scheme for sperm DNA fragmentation(SDF) detection, and to assess the feasibility of the scheme.
Material and Methods: In 2021 and 2022, 10 and 28 laboratories in China volunteered to participate in the EQA program. The ejaculates that remained after semen analysis were mixed to provide two lots (one high and one low ), the pooled semen samples were evenly distributed into cryotubes with the volume of 500μl, which were then directly immersed in liquid nitrogen for preservation. Samples were transported to each laboratory in dry ice. Participants were asked to test EQA samples according to the laboratory’s routine procedure.
Results: A large spread of results was obtained for the four samples, and the highest values were 13.7, 4.2, 8.0 and 4.0 times the lowest, respectively. The Coefficient of variations (CVs) were very high for samples with 46.6%, 30.1%, 26.7% and 30.3%, respectively. The CVs of the samples with high SDF values were lower than those of the samples with low SDF values. There was no significant difference between the results of sperm chromatin structure assay(SCSA) and sperm chromatin dispersion(SCD). In 2021, the CVs of low value sample and high value sample of 10 participants were 46.6% and 30.1%, and the CVs decreased to 32.5% and 22.7% in 2022.
Conclusion: This is the first study to evaluate the EQA program on SDF, which involved a number of laboratories, and demonstrated to be feasible. It is recommended that all laboratories are expected to participate in the EQA of SDF to ensure the accuracy of the results.
Neoadjuvant Trastuzumab-Based Chemotherapy and Pathologic Complete Response in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer; A Systematic Review
Authors: Fazal Faizan , Khan Amina , Adil Maham Leeza , Abbas Farrukh , Bashir Muhammad Nauman 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Introduction: Breast cancer is a prevalent global disease, with higher incidence in developed countries and greater mortality rates in developing countries due to disparities in screening, diagnostics, and treatment access. Classification is based on histology and molecular markers, with hormone receptor status and HER2 expression guiding treatment decisions. Trastuzumab has significantly improved outcomes for HER2-positive breast cancer. A systematic review was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and Trastuzumab in achieving pathological complete response (pCR).
Methods: Nine clinical trials focusing on HER2-positive breast cancer patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy and Trastuzumab were included. Eligibility criteria encompassed non-metastatic operable, locally advanced, or inflammatory breast cancer cases with pCR as the primary or secondary endpoint. Trials employed various chemotherapy and targeted therapy regimens with different Trastuzumab dosages. The primary outcome of interest was the pCR rate, while other survival outcomes were not analyzed. Data extraction and outcome definitions followed specific criteria.
Results: Out of 3,126 initially identified studies, only nine trials met the inclusion criteria. Selected trials were described in terms of design, patient numbers, disease staging, HER2 status, administered neoadjuvant chemotherapy and Trastuzumab regimens, and primary/secondary endpoints. Among 1,209 patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy and Trastuzumab, the overall pCR rate was 42%. Detailed information on pCR rates, endpoints, and trial numbers was provided, noting slight variations in the definition of pCR.
Conclusion: In conclusion, this systematic review demonstrated a 42% pCR rate with neoadjuvant chemotherapy and Trastuzumab in HER2-positive breast cancer