bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reply to comment by Kao et al on “An overview of the relationship between juvenile idiopathic arthritis and potential environmental risk factors: Do early childhood habits or habitat play a role in the affair?”
Authors: Koker Oya , Kasapcopur Ozgur 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn our study, in which the relationship between juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and particular environmental factors was evaluated, a correlation could not be established between the rate or duration of breastfeeding and the development or severity of the disease. Int J Rheum Dis, 25, 2022, 1376. It was determined that the time of introduction to cow's milk differed in JIA and juvenile‐onset systemic lupus erythematosus patient groups compared to healthy controls. On the other hand, the fact that income level and maternal literacy were associated with high disability and damage scores and frequent recurrence rates stood as one of the remarkable results of our study. Kao et al drew attention to the relationship between socioeconomic status and chronic arthritis and quoted an adult study. The role of the parent factor has been stressed and the effect of maternal stress on disease development has been discussed. Although JIA is a heterogeneous disease and the tribulation of measuring the direct impact of environmental elements are limiting factors, it is essential to determine the parts that can be controlled to some extent and the precautions to be taken.
Pityriasis rubra pilaris type IV‐associated arthritis treated with adalimumab
Authors: Doğan Yahya 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPityriasis rubra pilaris (PRP) is a very rare disease from the hyperkeratotic papulosquamous disorder group. The rheumatologic manifestations of PRP are extremely rare and less known to clinicians than those of psoriasis. An interesting case of inflammatory arthritis in the hand of an adolescent patient who was successfully treated with adalimumab and compatible with the diagnosis of type IV circumscribed juvenile PRP is presented in the light of the literature.
Wearable cardioverter defibrillator after cardiac surgery: Analysis of real‐life data from patients at transient risk of sudden cardiac death
Authors: Elbayomi Mohamed , Weyand Michael , Seitz Timo , Harig Frank 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundEspecially in the first 3 months after cardiac surgery, patients are at transient risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD). To close the gap between hospital discharge and the final implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator (ICD) decision, guidelines recommend temporarily using a wearable cardioverter‐defibrillator (WCD) to protect these patients from SCD. We investigated real‐life data on the safety, effectiveness, and compliance of the WCD in this population.MethodsData for analysis were collected via the Zoll Patient Management Network (ZPM) from patients who underwent cardiac surgery and who were discharged with a WCD between 2018 and 2021 at the Cardiac Surgery Center of the University of Erlangen in Germany.ResultsThe majority of the 55 patients were male (90.9%) and underwent a coronary artery bypass graft (80.0%). The number of patients with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) >35% increased from 9.1% at the beginning of WCD use to 58.2% at the end of WCD use. Six ventricular tachycardia (VT) episodes occurred in four patients. The WCD appropriately defibrillated two patients with VT episodes. There were no inadequate shocks and no fatalities during the observation time. WCD wearing compliance was high, with a median wear time of 23.3 h/day.ConclusionThis retrospective analysis in a single cardiac surgery center confirms prior data on the safety and effectiveness of the WCD in patients in post‐surgery care in a real‐life setting. The WCD successfully protected patients from SCD during life‐threatening VT episodes. WCD wearing compliance was high.
The regional big‐fish‐little‐pond effect: Evidence from national and subnational comparisons
Authors: Stockus Christopher A. , Zell Ethan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAccording to the big‐fish‐little‐pond effect (BFLPE), students evaluate themselves more favourably when they have a high rank in a low‐rank school than a low rank in a high‐rank school. We examined whether the BFLPE impacts self‐evaluations in regional settings, where the reference group is one's nation or subnation. In Study 1, participants told that they ranked above average in a below‐average nation evaluated themselves more favourably than participants told that they ranked below average in an above‐average nation. Study 2 demonstrated that this regional BFLPE occurs both when the reference group is one's nation (USA) and one's subnation (e.g. California, Florida). Finally, Study 3 found that the BFLPE occurs and is similar in size when the reference group is one's nation versus one's school. In sum, these experiments provide novel support for the BFLPE in regional contexts and suggest that social comparisons that involve regional groups substantially impact self‐evaluations.
Employment success of social assistance recipients: A provincial analysis by industry
Authors: Draghici Elena , Holm Anders , Haan Michael 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPoverty continues to burden millions of Canadians each year, and social assistance (SA) is one program that provides last‐resort financial assistance, conditional upon looking for and accepting work. Using tax panel data of SA recipients from across seven Canadian regions between 2000 and 2018, we model the probabilities of employment success (ES) across industry of employment, SA benefit amounts, unionization, and individual‐level characteristics. We adopt an economic stance to explain reliance upon SA, examining the broader macroeconomic indicators of ES, and to demonstrate the factors associated with exiting SA. We find that many SA recipients do not present evidence of recent employment, indicating a disconnect between stated SA program aims and their outcomes. We provide evidence for increased SA benefits and unionization as significant predictors of ES of SA recipients.
Long non‐coding RNA AC018926.2 regulates palmitic acid exposure‐compromised osteogenic potential of periodontal ligament stem cells via the ITGA2/FAK/AKT pathway
Authors: Qu Hong‐Lei , Sun Li‐Juan , Li Xuan , Liu Fen , Sun Hai‐Hua , He Xiao‐Tao , Gan Dian , Yin Yuan , Tian Bei‐Min , Chen Fa‐Ming , Wu Rui‐Xin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAlthough obesity has been proposed as a risk factor for periodontitis, the influence of excessive fat accumulation on the development of periodontitis and periodontal recovery from disease remains largely unknown. This study investigated the cellular response of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) to elevated levels of a specific fatty acid, namely, palmitic acid (PA). The mechanism by which PA exposure compromises the osteogenic potential of cells was also explored. It was found that exposure of PDLSCs to abundant PA led to decreased cell osteogenic differentiation. Given that long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a key role in the stem cell response to adverse environmental stimuli, we screened the lncRNAs that were differentially expressed in PDLSCs following PA exposure using lncRNA microarray analysis, and AC018926.2 was identified as the lncRNA that was most sensitive to PA. Next, gain/loss‐of‐function studies illustrated that AC018926.2 was an important regulator in PA‐mediated osteogenic differentiation of PDLSCs. Mechanistically, AC018926.2 upregulated integrin α2 (ITGA2) expression and therefore activated ITGA2/FAK/AKT signalling. Further functional studies revealed that inactivation of ITGA2/FAK/AKT signalling by silencing ITGA2 counteracted the pro‐osteogenic effect induced by AC018926.2 overexpression. Moreover, the results of bioinformatics analysis and RNA immunoprecipitation assay suggested that AC018926.2 might transcriptionally regulate ITGA2 expression by binding to PARP1 protein. Our data suggest that AC018926.2 may serve as a therapeutic target for the management of periodontitis in obese patients.
Kidney injury and status 1 liver transplantation: Outcomes, kidney function, and listing for kidney transplantation
Authors: Cloonan Daniel J. , Cloonan Madeline R. , Westphal Scott G. , Dageforde Leigh Anne , Merani Shaheed 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundEffects of kidney injury (KI) at the time of liver transplantation (LT) for acute liver failure (ALF) remain poorly described. We hypothesized that patients with ALF and KI who undergo LT have persistent post‐transplant KI, inferior survival, and increased rate of kidney transplantation (KT).MethodsThe US Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients database was queried for patients transplanted with status 1 listing for LT between 2002 and 2021. KI was defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≤ 30 mL/min/1.73 m2 or dialysis in the week prior to LT. Outcomes evaluated were post‐LT eGFR, listing for subsequent KT, and overall survival (OS) after LT.ResultsA total of 2984 patients underwent LT for ALF with 1241 (41.6%) having KI. KI patients had lower eGFR at 6 months post‐LT (57.8 vs. 68.7, p < .001) that persisted out to 5 years (59.9 vs. 69.7, p < .001). KI patients were more likely to be listed for KT (4.3% vs. 1.9%, p < .001) and undergo listing sooner after LT (.8 vs. 3.7 years, p < .001). Patients without KI had higher adjusted post‐transplant OS compared to those with KI (HR .75, p < .001).ConclusionKI in the setting of ALF portends a worse prognosis for both kidney recovery and OS.
Aktuelle Übersicht zur androgenetischen Alopezie bei Kindern und Jugendlichen
Authors: Gomes Tiago Fernandes , Soares Rui Oliveira 
Published: February 2023

ZusammenfassungPädiatrische androgenetische Alopezie ist eine zu wenig beachtete Erkrankung. Bei Kindern und Jugendlichen mit Haarausfall und/oder verminderter Haardichte sollte eine klinische Beurteilung mittels Trichoskopie vorgenommen werden. Die Diagnose wird in der Regel klinisch, durch Beobachtung des Haarausfallmusters und Trichoskopie gestellt. In einigen Fällen sollte eine Hyperandrogenämie ausgeschlossen werden. Es gibt zwar keine zugelassene Therapie für androgenetische Alopezie im Kindesalter, topisches Minoxidil, orales Minoxidil und topisches Finasterid können jedoch helfen. Eine Haartransplantation könnte für Mädchen in ausgewählten Fällen eine Option sein. Dieser Artikel gibt einen Überblick über den aktuellen Stand der Erkenntnisse zur pädiatrischen androgenetischen Alopezie.
Improvement of glycaemic control and treatment satisfaction by switching from liraglutide or dulaglutide to subcutaneous semaglutide in patients with type 2 diabetes: A multicentre, prospective, randomized, open‐label, parallel‐group comparison study (SWITCH‐SEMA 1 study)
Authors: Takahashi Yuka , Nomoto Hiroshi , Yokoyama Hiroki , Takano Yoshinari , Nagai So , Tsuzuki Atsushi , Cho Kyu Yong , Miya Aika , Kameda Hiraku , Takeuchi Jun , Taneda Shinji , Kurihara Yoshio , Atsumi Tatsuya , Nakamura Akinobu , Miyoshi Hideaki ,   SWITCH‐SEMA 1 study group
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimTo investigate the effects of switching from liraglutide or dulaglutide to once‐weekly semaglutide on glycaemic control and treatment satisfaction in patients with type 2 diabetes.Materials and MethodsIn this multicentre, open‐labelled, prospective, randomized, parallel‐group comparison study, patients treated with liraglutide 0.9‐1.8 mg/day (plan A) or dulaglutide 0.75 mg/week (plan B) were either switched to semaglutide or continued current therapy. The primary endpoint was the mean change in glycated haemoglobin over 24 weeks. The secondary endpoints included the changes of Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire scores, body weight and metabolic indices.ResultsIn total, 110 patients were enrolled, and 10 were excluded; therefore, 37 patients in plan A and 63 patients in plan B completed the study. Glycated haemoglobin levels were significantly reduced in the semaglutide group in both plans [plan A, 7.8% ± 1.0% to 7.8% ± 0.7% (liraglutide) vs. 7.9% ± 0.7% to 7.3% ± 0.7% (semaglutide), p < .01; plan B, 7.8% ± 1.0% to 7.9% ± 1.2% (dulaglutide) vs. 7.8% ± 0.8% to 7.1% ± 0.6% (semaglutide), p < .01]. Semaglutide also improved Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire scores in both groups (plan A, +0.1 vs. +8.3, p < .01; plan B, −1.2 vs. +3.5, p < .01). Switching from dulaglutide yielded greater reductions in body weight and improved metabolic parameters.ConclusionsOnce‐weekly semaglutide administration improved glycaemic control and treatment satisfaction after switching from liraglutide or dulaglutide. These results highlighted a useful treatment option for patients with metabolic abnormalities despite glucagon‐like receptor‐1 receptor agonist treatment.
Artificial‐intelligence‐based decision support tools for the differential diagnosis of colitis
Authors: Guimarães Pedro , Finkler Helen , Reichert Matthias Christian , Zimmer Vincent , Grünhage Frank , Krawczyk Marcin , Lammert Frank , Keller Andreas , Casper Markus 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundWhereas Artificial Intelligence (AI) based tools have recently been introduced in the field of gastroenterology, application in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is in its infancies. We established AI‐based algorithms to distinguish IBD from infectious and ischemic colitis using endoscopic images and clinical data.MethodsFirst, we trained and tested a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) using 1796 real‐world images from 494 patients, presenting with three diseases (IBD [n = 212], ischemic colitis [n = 157], and infectious colitis [n = 125]). Moreover, we evaluated a Gradient Boosted Decision Trees (GBDT) algorithm using five clinical parameters as well as a hybrid approach (CNN + GBDT). Patients and images were randomly split into two completely independent datasets. The proposed approaches were benchmarked against each other and three expert endoscopists on the test set.ResultsFor the image‐based CNN, the GBDT algorithm and the hybrid approach global accuracies were .709, .792, and .766, respectively. Positive predictive values were .602, .702, and .657. Global areas under the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) and precision recall (PR) curves were .727/.585, .888/.823, and .838/.733, respectively. Global accuracy did not differ between CNN and endoscopists (.721), but the clinical parameter‐based GBDT algorithm outperformed CNN and expert image classification.ConclusionsDecision support systems exclusively based on endoscopic image analysis for the differential diagnosis of colitis, representing a complex clinical challenge, seem not yet to be ready for primetime and more diverse image datasets may be necessary to improve performance in future development. The clinical value of the proposed clinical parameters algorithm should be evaluated in prospective cohorts.
General overview of the first 50 years of Economic Notes, 1972–2021
Authors: Ferri Giovanni 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe review the five different phases lived by Economic Notes during its first 50 years. First, its foundation and early phase—until 1983—received great support from Monte dei Paschi and also benefited from a windfall since Robert A. Mundell attracted to Siena an international network of top economists, policy makers and executives, facilitating high‐quality submissions to the Journal. When Mundell's meetings stopped (in 1978), Economic Notes had already secured a good reputation and had become a champion of a pluralist approach, accepting papers from different disciplines and views. In the second phase—from 1984 to the mid‐1990s—the Journal, led by a qualified Editorial Board lived continuity but also some new directions emerged. Economic Notes became better connected to the local Faculty of Economics. Also, the drive towards pluralism of the early years was refocused to safeguard access by different economic schools rather than different disciplines. In those years, Monte dei Paschi too transformed from a mostly regional bank into a national and international player, thus demanding less visibility support from the Journal. Those events blurred the initial mission and started distancing the Bank from the Journal. The third phase—from mid‐1990s to early 2000s—saw the maximum productivity and visibility of Economic Notes. Monte financed Conferences with great resonance also owing to an exceptional Advisory Board. In the fourth phase—from 2004, when the Conferences became rare, to 2012—the performance worsened. Communication between the Bank and the Journal grew more difficult, complicating any planning for the future. The fifth phase— from 2012 to 2019—aimed to relaunch the Journal without a significant support from the Bank, which had entered a period of difficulties of its own. The planned way out of this situation was to develop a series of Special Issues through dedicated Calls for Papers. As we show, that strategy delivered some results and, in effect, Economic Notes’ performance rebounded. Nevertheless, Monte was progressively disengaging from the Journal, which, eventually, was sold to Wiley, the publishing partner. The sixth and last phase of the Journal—from 2019 to 2021—under the new ownership by Wiley marked a gradual transformation. In the end, it seems that the publishing venture initiated in 1972 is still making progress and providing a pluralist forum for discussion. The journey of Economic Notes is still on!
Artificial intelligence for the detection of focal cortical dysplasia: Challenges in translating algorithms into clinical practice
Authors: Walger Lennart , Adler Sophie , Wagstyl Konrad , Henschel Leonie , David Bastian , Borger Valeri , Hattingen Elke , Vatter Hartmut , Elger Christian E. , Baldeweg Torsten , Rosenow Felix , Urbach Horst , Becker Albert , Radbruch Alexander , Surges Rainer , Reuter Martin , Cendes Fernando , Wang Zhong Irene , Huppertz Hans‐Jürgen , Rüber Theodor 
Published: February 2023

AbstractFocal cortical dysplasias (FCDs) are malformations of cortical development and one of the most common pathologies causing pharmacoresistant focal epilepsy. Resective neurosurgery yields high success rates, especially if the full extent of the lesion is correctly identified and completely removed. The visual assessment of magnetic resonance imaging does not pinpoint the FCD in 30%–50% of cases, and half of all patients with FCD are not amenable to epilepsy surgery, partly because the FCD could not be sufficiently localized. Computational approaches to FCD detection are an active area of research, benefitting from advancements in computer vision. Automatic FCD detection is a significant challenge and one of the first clinical grounds where the application of artificial intelligence may translate into an advance for patients' health. The emergence of new methods from the combination of health and computer sciences creates novel challenges. Imaging data need to be organized into structured, well‐annotated datasets and combined with other clinical information, such as histopathological subtypes or neuroimaging characteristics. Algorithmic output, that is, model prediction, requires a technically correct evaluation with adequate metrics that are understandable and usable for clinicians. Publication of code and data is necessary to make research accessible and reproducible. This critical review introduces the field of automatic FCD detection, explaining underlying medical and technical concepts, highlighting its challenges and current limitations, and providing a perspective for a novel research environment.
A meta‐analytic review of monoterpene for fish anaesthesia
Authors: Félix Luís , Vieira Raquel , Monteiro Sandra M. , Venâncio Carlos 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe use of anaesthetic agents has been increasing to address the welfare needs of different fish species in scientific and aquaculture practices. MS‐222 is the most used synthetic anaesthetic but some limitations and side effects have been reported. Natural substances have been used as potential substitutes with clove oil playing an important role due to its eugenol content. Yet, other monoterpenes have shown anaesthetic properties in different fish species. As such, a quantitative assessment has been conducted to explicitly relate and summarise the use of monoterpenes with described anaesthetic properties in fish. A combined PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed Central and Europe PMC electronic database search was performed, from January 2002 to August 2022, following the PRISMA guidelines. Out of 1555 articles retrieved from the literature search, 30 English reports met the criteria for inclusion in the meta‐analysis through a generic inverse‐variance method (random‐effects model) and according to the fish age. The findings show a total of 10 different monoterpenes with high homogeneity and effectiveness in inducing anaesthesia and recovery according to the fish anaesthetic criteria. Further subgroup analysis showed these effects were independent of fish age. Meta‐regression of the included studies revealed an inverse linear association between anaesthesia induction and recovery time and water bath temperature while no further correlation was found with other confounding factors (body weight, water pH and dissolved oxygen levels). Although further studies will be required, this meta‐analysis provides robust evidence that different monoterpenes serve as an attractive and effective alternative for fish anaesthesia although water bath temperature also played an important role in anaesthesia outcome.
Observations on strategies used by people with dementia to manage being assessed using validated measures: A pilot qualitative video analysis
Authors: Ward Alison , Jensen Anne M. , Ottesen Anna Camilla , Thoft Diana S. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundAnalysis of video data was conducted of validated assessments with people with dementia as part of a feasibility control study comparing a lifelong learning service with other dementia services.ObjectiveThe aim was to provide a new perspective on what occurs during the assessment process when using validated measures in research and explore which strategies people with dementia use to manage their participation.DesignVideo recordings were made of pre‐ and postintervention assessments of people with dementia. An initial pilot analysis of 10 videos of the pre‐assessments was conducted.SettingLifelong learning services and other dementia services situated in six municipalities in Northern Denmark took part in this study, with 55 people with dementia participating.ResultsThe themes identified were: ‘State of mind’ and ‘Mental resources’, showing how these aspects influenced the participants' reactions and the strategies they used.DiscussionThe results are discussed in relation to how individual personality traits influence the assessment process and the way a person with dementia will manage the situation.ConclusionThe assessment situation is complex and can be influenced by the strategies adopted by individuals with dementia as they try to manage the assessment process.Patient or Public ContributionPeople with dementia supported the decision‐making for the choice of validated measure used within this study.