bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Phosphorus and Phytase Activity Distribution in Wheat, Rye, Barley and Oats and Their Impact on a Potential Phytate Separation
Authors: Mayer Natalie , Widderich Niklas , Scherzinger Marvin , Bubenheim Paul , Kaltschmitt Martin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWhen facing today’s scarcity of mineral phosphorus (P) resources and the environmental issues following enhanced P losses especially from agriculture, new solutions need to be implemented. In this framework, the potential for a mechanical separation of a P rich grain fraction from wheat, rye, barley and oats is investigated in order to provide animal feed with reduced organic P content. Thus, P accumulation in manure and soils should be prevented. Also, the subsequent utilization of the separated organic P, which occurs in the form of inositol P, for a sustainable P management via activation of intrinsic enzymes is evaluated. It was shown that in grain layers at 7.0, 5.5, 6.4 and 2.5% cross section of wheat, rye, barley and oats, respectively, maximum inositol P occurs with 1.6, 0.8, 1.4 and 1.2 g/100 g. Phytase activity is also highest in the outer layers of the grains with maxima of 9300, 12,000, 8400 and 2400 U/kg, respectively. A removal of the specific layers where inositol P is accumulated could possibly achieve a 24, 31, 60 and 27% organic P reduction for wheat, rye, barley and oats with 7, 14, 25 or 7% grain elimination. A debranning, eliminating all the outer grain layers to a certain extent, in contrast, leads to significantly higher mass losses. Within the P enriched layer determined from inositol P distribution, phytase activity is calculated to be around 285, 831, 777 and 42 U/kg for wheat, rye, barley and oats, respectively.
Bedeutung digitaler Medien in der Kinder- und Jugendarbeit
Authors: Neumann Maria 
Published: January 2023

ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag thematisiert die Bedingungen und Praktiken von Digitalisierungsbemühungen von Fachkräften in der Kinder- und Jugendarbeit. Der Schwerpunkt liegt hierbei auf der Bedeutung von Digitalisierungsprozessen für die gesellschaftliche Teilhabe von Jugendlichen und die Reproduktion sozialer Ungleichheiten. Hierfür werden Expert_innen-Interviews, die sich in der kulturellen Kinder- und Jugendarbeit sowie im ländlichen Raum verorten, herangezogen.
Human interaction with the divine, the sacred, and the deceased: topics that warrant increased attention by psychologists
Authors: Plante Thomas G. , Schwartz Gary E. , Exline Julie J. , Park Crystal L. , Paloutzian Raymond F. , Seitz Rüdiger J. , Angel Hans-Ferdinand 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Humans have likely been attempting to communicate with entities believed to exist, such as the divine, sacred beings, and deceased people, since the dawn of time. Across cultures and countries, many believe that interaction with the immaterial world is not only possible but a frequent experience. Most religious traditions across the globe focus many rituals and activities around prayer to an entity deemed divine or sacred. Additionally, many people–religious, agnostic, and atheists alike–report communication with their departed loved ones. During highly stressful times associated with natural disasters, war, pandemics, and other threats to human life, the frequency and intensity of these activities and associated experiences substantially increase. Although this very human phenomenon seems to be universal, the empirical literature on the topic within psychology is thin. This paper discussed the topic and reviews what we know from the professional literature about how people perceive communication with these unseen entities. It highlights the perceptual and social cognition evidence and discussed the role of attribution theory, which might help us understand the beliefs, motivations, and practices of those engaged with communication with the unseen. Empirical laboratory research with mediums is discussed as well, examining the evidence for communication with the deceased. Final reflections and suggestions for future research are also offered.
Novel Microglia-based Therapeutic Approaches to Neurodegenerative Disorders
Authors: Zhang Lijuan , Wang Yafei , Liu Taohui , Mao Ying , Peng Bo 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAs prominent immune cells in the central nervous system, microglia constantly monitor the environment and provide neuronal protection, which are important functions for maintaining brain homeostasis. In the diseased brain, microglia are crucial mediators of neuroinflammation that regulates a broad spectrum of cellular responses. In this review, we summarize current knowledge on the multifunctional contributions of microglia to homeostasis and their involvement in neurodegeneration. We further provide a comprehensive overview of therapeutic interventions targeting microglia in neurodegenerative diseases. Notably, we propose microglial depletion and subsequent repopulation as promising replacement therapy. Although microglial replacement therapy is still in its infancy, it will likely be a trend in the development of treatments for neurodegenerative diseases due to its versatility and selectivity.
Inhibition of secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI) promotes the PUMA-mediated apoptosis and chemosensitivity to cisplatin in colorectal cancer cells
Authors: Wei Zhijiang , Liu Guiying , Jia Rufu , Zhang Wei , Li Li , Zhang Yuanyuan , Wang Zhijing , Bai Xiyong 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Aberrant expression of Secretory Leukocyte Protease Inhibitor (SLPI) has been associated with human cancer growth and its suppression was identified as a potential target for anti-cancer drugs, particularly in colorectal cancer. However, the underlying mechanism by which SLPI affected the development of drug resistance in CRC remains unclear.

Objective
This study investigated the role of SLPI in the p53-up-regulated modulator of apoptosis (PUMA)-mediated CRC cells’ apoptosis and their chemosensitivity to Cisplatin.

Methods
A series of qRT-PCR and western blot analyses were performed to characterize the expressions of SLPI, PUMA, and Akt in CRC lines. Tunel, transwell, and CCK-8 analyses were monitored to define the impacts of the siRNA-mediated knockdown of SLPI on CRC cell development. Furthermore, in vivo development of CRC was evaluated in nude mice infected with siSLPI or Cisplatin alone or both, and Ki67 and caspase-3 immunohistochemistry assay was monitored on multiple tissue microarray from the same cohort.

Results
Our results showed that SLPI inhibition strongly promoted the expressions of the pro-apoptotic protein PUMA, cleaved-caspase3 and Bax and reduced the cell viability of HT29 and HT116 cell lines in vitro. In addition, siSLPI knockdown effectively suppressed both Akt and FoxO3 proteins and improved the sensitivity to cisplatin chemotherapy. Xenograft tumor assay revealed a lowered growth in mice treated with Cisplatin, while combined treatment of siSLPI achieved more significant anticancer effects than Cisplatin alone.

Conclusions
Taken together, these findings demonstrated that suppression of SLPI might repress the growth of human colorectal cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo. These results suggested SLPI as a novel resistance factor to Cisplatin, and a combination of Cisplatin and SLPI inhibitor be beneficial for colorectal cancer therapy.
Isolation of Hafnia paralvei co-harbouring blaNDM-1 and blaVIM-1 in a woman who underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Appel Tobias Manuel , Stein Claudia , Brandt Christian , Rödel Jürgen , Frietsch Jochen J. , Miethke Jenny , Hochhaus Andreas , Hilgendorf Inken 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMetallo-β-lactamases (MBL) are a threat to public health, since they dramatically limit the use of β-lactams. We report the isolation of a multidrug-resistant Hafnia paralvei strain from urine and a rectal swab of a female patient after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for myelodysplastic syndrome. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing yielded resistance to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, colistin, fosfomycin and all β-lactams, except cefiderocol. Whole genome sequencing revealed the presence of plasmid-encoded NDM-1 and VIM-1 carbapenemases. This finding highlights the importance of epidemiological surveillance and new therapeutic options for MBL.
Adhesive capsulitis after COVID-19 vaccine injection: a peculiar case treated with combined bursa distention and glenohumeral capsular hydrodilatation
Authors: Biglia Alessandro , Morandi Valentina , Zanframundo Giovanni , Donati Danilo , Maggiore Francesco , Vita Fabio , Sammarchi Luigi , Pagani Chiara , Cavagna Lorenzo , Galletti Stefano , Montecucco Carlomaurizio 
Published: January 2023

AbstractFrozen shoulder is a common and self-limiting condition affecting the soft tissues of the shoulders, characterized by severe pain, impaired range of motion (ROM) and limitation of daily activities. Its prevalence is 5% and it occurs most commonly in the fifth and sixth decades of life; women are more affected [DePalma in Clin Orthop Relat Res 466:552–560, 2008]. It can be idiopathic or associated with other conditions such as metabolic disorders, diabetes, thyroid diseases, prolonged immobilization, trauma [DePalma in Clin Orthop Relat Res 466:552–560, 2008], or complications after vaccine administration known as SIRVA (Shoulder injury related to vaccine administration). SIRVA is not caused by the vaccine itself but by inappropriate vaccination techniques [Martín Arias et al. in Vaccine 35:4870–4876, 2017]. The natural history of the frozen shoulder is a progression through three stages based on clinical and arthroscopic presentations: freezing, frozen and thawing [DePalma in Clin Orthop Relat Res 466:552–560, 2008; Do et al. in Orthop J Sport Med 9:232596712110036, 2021]. The onset is characterized by disabling pain, that worsens at night; it is induced by inflammation and hypervascularity and lasts from 10 to 36 weeks [Do et al. in Orthop J Sport Med 9:232596712110036, 2021]. The second stage is predominated by stiffness and severe reduction of ROM. This phase typically lasts from 9 to 12 months [Do et al. in Orthop J Sport Med 9:232596712110036, 2021]. Eventually, a recovery phase occurs, with a gradual recovery of the ROM that can last between 12 and 42 months. Ultrasound is an emerging diagnostic tool that contributes to differential diagnosis and treatment [Zappia et al. in Insights Imaging 7:365–371, 2016; Ricci et al. in J Ultrasound Med 39:633–635, 2020]: signs of adhesive capsulitis consist of thickening of the inferior recess of the glenohumeral joint capsule, thickening of the coracohumeral ligament and soft tissue structures in the rotator cuff interval, with hypervascularity. An unspecific sign is increased fluid in the tendon sheath of the long head of the biceps [Martín Arias et al. in Vaccine 35:4870–4876, 2017; Tandon et al. in J Ultrasound 20:227–236, 2017].
Assessing Confidence and Certainty of Students in an Undergraduate Linear Algebra Course
Authors: Preheim Michael , Dorfmeister Josef , Snow Ethan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractKnowledge assessments in undergraduate STEM education commonly evaluate response correctness to determine learner proficiency. However, simultaneous evaluation of learner metacognition more accurately assesses the multiple dimensions of knowledge and has been shown to increase assessment validity and reliability. Motivation for researching these multidimensional methods has primarily been to identify guesswork and misinformation by evaluating the alignment of response correctness with the learner’s certainty that their provided response is correct. Learner confidence before assessment, however, has not been thoroughly investigated either alone or in conjunction with certainty for use in performance evaluation, especially at the undergraduate level. The objective of this study is to investigate the efficacy for assessing pre-assessment confidence and post-response certainty in relation to response correctness for students in an undergraduate linear algebra course. Due to the subjective nature of self-reflection, certainty was found to be more aligned with correctness than confidence. Though confidence and certainty levels were reported with similar overall averages, 32% of students demonstrated misaligned confidence and certainty. This study demonstrates the usefulness of a novel assessment method and presents insights that may inform teaching methods, improve examination structure, and identify concerning student behaviors early for corrective intervention.
Neural network method for quadratic radiation and quadratic convection unsteady flow of Sutterby nanofluid past a rotating sphere
Authors: Bijiga Lelisa Kebena , Gamachu Dachasa 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn this study, the heat relocation properties of quadratic thermal radiation and quadratic convective unsteady stagnation point flow of electro-magnetic Sutterby nanofluid past a spinning sphere under zero mass flux and convective heating conditions are investigated. The governing equations are developed and expressed as partial differential equations, which are afterwards transformed into ordinary differential equations by applying similarity conversion. In the investigation, the JAX library in Python is employed with the numerical approach to artificial neural networks. It is investigated to what extent physical characteristics affect primary and secondary velocity, temperature, and concentration fields. The results demonstrate that due to increasing unsteadiness, Sutterby fluid, and magnetic field parameters, the flow of Sutterby nanofluid in the flow zone accelerates in the primary (x-direction) and slows down in the rotational (z-direction). The outcome also shows that an increase in the quadratic radiation parameter, the magnetic field constraint, and the electric field constraint induce increases in the temperature distribution of the Sutterby nanofluid. The study also shows that the concentration of nanoparticles decreases with increasing Lewis numbers and unsteadiness parameter values. Additionally, a graph illustrating the mean square error is investigated and provided.
Modelling the Spread of Tuberculosis in South African Informal Settlements
Authors: Udall Chrystal Bianca , Searle Christa 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDue to the high population density of informal settlements, the spread of communicable diseases is highly effective in this environment. South Africa has been on the World Health Organization’s list of 30 top tuberculosis-burdened countries in the world for the last two decades. The rate of individuals diseased with tuberculosis in informal settlements, however, is reported to be double that of the country. In order to succeed in reducing the number of tuberculosis cases, policy decision makers have a growing need to understand the risk factors surrounding tuberculosis and data which may inform their decision in a quantifiable manner. In this paper, agent-based simulation is employed in order to facilitate the understanding of the spread of tuberculosis in these environments. The simulation model developed models the personal characteristics, daily movements and interactions between informal settlement residents. This model is able, within a certain range of accuracy, to indicate the spread of tuberculosis given certain input parameters, such as population size, probability of treatment termination and percentage initially infected, amongst others. This may assist policy makers in making informed decisions based on quantitative targets. It is evident that population density has a great impact on the spread rate of the disease. This is supportive of the fact that 90% of residents in informal settlements have latent tuberculosis. Given that only 68% of people with the disease seek treatment, by increasing this likelihood through incentives, it is possible to drastically decrease the rate of death and unsuccessful treatment.
Status of the RAON project in Korea
Authors: Hong Byungsik 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA new rare-isotope beam (RIB) accelerator complex, RAON, is under construction in South Korea. RAON employs two RIB production methods, namely, isotope separation online (ISOL) and in-flight fragmentation (IF). According to the original design, ISOL and IF can run independently, and RAON ultimately combines them to provide more neutron-rich ion beams for the experiments. In 2021, due to the delay in developing high-energy superconducting cavities and modules, it was decided to proceed with the RAON construction project in two steps. In the first phase, the injector system, the low-energy accelerator system, ISOL, the IF separator, and all experimental devices will be completed by the end of 2022. The high-energy accelerator system will be developed, manufactured, installed, and commissioned in the second phase. In this article, the status of the superconducting accelerators, RIB production systems, and experimental equipment for RAON is reviewed.
Ordered mesoporous carbon encapsulated linear poly(ionic liquid)s enabling synergy effect of surface groups and ionic moieties for CO2 fixation under mild conditions
Authors: Wu Yue , Ma Long , Song Zhixin , Dong Shu , Guo Zengjing , Wang Jun , Zhou Yu 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCarbon dioxide (CO2) fixation into value-added chemicals has attracted growing attention and one promising atom-efficient pathway is via the cycloaddition with three member-ring compounds like epoxides. Herein, we demonstrated that encapsulation of linear poly(ionic liquid)s (PILs) on ordered mesoporous carbon materials provides a facile and feasible approach towards environmental-friendly heterogeneous catalysts with high performance in CO2 cycloaddition with epoxides under mild conditions. A series of novel linear phenolic hydroxyl group functional imidazolium-based PILs synthesized from hydroxymethylation reaction between 4-(imidazol-1-yl)phenol-1-butyl-imidazolium iodide and formaldehyde was loaded on ordered mesoporous carbon FDU-15–600 derived from mesoporous phenolic resin. By virtue of controlling the initial polymerization temperature, the molecular weight of PILs was facilely modulated, reaching strong host–guest interaction during the PIL immobilization. Highly stable immobilized PIL species with spatial satisfaction of ionic moieties and surface groups were thus realized to enable a synergic CO2 conversion via cycloaddition with epoxides. The optimal catalyst exhibited high yield and stable recyclability by using atmospheric CO2 under metal-additive-solvent-free conditions and the activity surprisingly exceeded the corresponding homogeneous parent IL and PIL. Excellent substrate compatibility was found by extending the transformation of more than ten epoxides including the inert ones such as disubstituted cyclohexene oxide. The significantly enhanced activity is attributed to the synergistic effect of the surface hydrogen groups and ionic moieties to accelerate the rate-determining ring-opening process.
Fluoxetine plus lithium for treatment of mental health impairment in Long Covid
Authors: Fessel Jeffrey 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Purposes
(1) To summarize the mental conditions that may accompany persistent symptoms following acute infection by SARS-CoV-2, often termed Long Covid; (2) to formulate treatment based upon the brain cells that are dominantly affected.

Methods
(1) Review the reports relating to the mental symptoms occurring in Long Covid. (2) Review the drugs that address the brain cells affected in Long Covid, and suggest pharmacotherapy for those patients whose response to psychotherapy is suboptimal.

Results
Long Covid affects ~ 10% of patients infected by SARS-CoV-2, and mental symptoms affect ~ 20% of persons with Long Covid. The brain cell-types that have been demonstrated as dominantly affected in Long Covid are astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, neurons, endothelial cells/pericytes, and microglia. Lithium and fluoxetine each address all of those four cell-types. Low dosage of each is likely to be well-tolerated and to cause neither clinically important adverse events (AE) nor serious adverse events (SAE).

Conclusion
For those patients whose response to psychotherapy is suboptimal, lithium and fluoxetine should be administered in combination for both depth of benefit and reduction of dosages.
Do Extreme CIT Position Changes Move Prices in Grain Futures Markets?
Authors: Li Jiarui , Irwin Scott H. , Etienne Xiaoli 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMost previous studies reject the basic tenet of the Masters Hypothesis that the influx of financial index investments has pressured agricultural futures prices upwards substantially. However, the impact of index investment activities may be more complicated and nuanced than can be detected by the relatively simple linear Granger causality tests used in many previous studies. Our study applies a new cross-quantilogram (CQ) test to weekly index trader positions and returns in four agricultural futures markets. Overall, we find limited support for a significant relationship between extreme index trader position changes and returns, and even less support that increased index trading activities have pushed commodity prices higher.
A hybrid optimisation method for intercepting satellite trajectory based on differential game
Authors: Wu W. , Chen J. , Liu J. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis study addresses orbit design and optimisation for the situation of satellite interception in which the target spacecraft is capable of manoeuvring using continuous magnitude restricted thrust. For the purpose of designing a long-range continuous thrust interception orbit, the orbit motion equations of two satellites with J2 perturbation are constructed. This problem is assumed to be a typical pursuit-evasion problem in differential game theory; using boundary constraint conditions and a performance index function that includes time and fuel consumption, the saddle point solution corresponding to the bilateral optimal is derived, and then this pursuit-evasion problem is transformed into a two-point boundary value problem. A hybrid optimisation method using a genetic algorithm (GA) and sequential quadratic programming (SQP) is derived to obtain the optimal control strategy. The proposed model and algorithm are proved to be feasible for the given simulation cases.
Development of a morphing UAV for optimal multi-segment mission performance
Authors: Gatto A. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe need for innovative solutions to enable aerial platforms to fly faster, higher, and longer continues to remain a primary focus for airframe designers. This paper outlines work undertaken to apply a morphing wing warping technology onto a generic Unmanned Aerial Vehicle to deliver enhanced flight performance, efficiency and control capabilities. The prototype employs wings of novel construction which provide both near resistance-free compliance in twist as well as adequate structural stiffness to resist applied loads; all while preserving an aerodynamically smooth surface. Used in combination with developed and integrated closed-loop feedback control architecture, a real-time, non-linear, span-wise wing twist adjustment capability required for optimised flight under differing operating conditions and flight requirements, is demonstrated. Experimental results obtained from a wind tunnel test program show up to a 72% increase in lift to drag ratio under certain conditions compared to a fixed baseline providing some confidence that the combination could be used to realise a step change in flight performance.