bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Eu3+ Site Distribution and Local Distortion of Photoluminescent Ca3WO6:(Eu3+, K+) Double Perovskites as High‐Color‐Purity Red Phosphors
Authors: Otsuka Takahito , Oka Ryohei , Hayakawa Tomokatsu 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this study, Eu3+ and K+ co‐doped Ca3WO6 double perovskite, a high‐color‐purity red phosphor, is quantitatively investigated using synchrotron X‐ray diffraction Rietveld refinement, energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, and high‐resolution PL spectroscopy. The Eu3+ fluorescence line‐narrowing (FLN) results, used to estimate the Eu3+ occupation at given sites (so‐called A and B sites) in the host crystal (A2BMO6; A, B = Ca; M = W), reveal that the Eu3+ ions have a twin distribution in both the A and B sites with high asymmetry ratios of ΛA = 9.7 and ΛB = 10.7, respectively. More interestingly, at lower Eu3+ doping levels, the ions are predominantly located at the B sites (≈75%), indicating that the high color purity of Ca3WO6:(Eu3+, K+) is mainly caused by the high asymmetry ratios of the Eu3+ sites. Rietveld refinement combined with the FLN technique provides more reliable results for increasing the Eu3+ substitution at the A site with Eu3+ and K+ doping concentrations, which lower the lattice energy of Ca3WO6:(Eu3+, K+). The structural distortions owing to K+ co‐doping in terms of the quadratic elongation and bond‐angle variance exhibit good correlations with the Ca(Eu)O12 A‐site cuboctahedra and Ca(Eu)O6 B‐site octahedra, partially accounting for the higher Λ values.
Realistic Modeling of the Electrocatalytic Process at Complex Solid‐Liquid Interface
Authors: Zhao Hongyan , Lv Xinmao , Wang Yang‐Gang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe rational design of electrocatalysis has emerged as one of the most thriving means for mitigating energy and environmental crises. The key to this effort is the understanding of the complex electrochemical interface, wherein the electrode potential as well as various internal factors such as H‐bond network, adsorbate coverage, and dynamic behavior of the interface collectively contribute to the electrocatalytic activity and selectivity. In this context, the authors have reviewed recent theoretical advances, and especially, the contributions to modeling the realistic electrocatalytic processes at complex electrochemical interfaces, and illustrated the challenges and fundamental problems in this field. Specifically, the significance of the inclusion of explicit solvation and electrode potential as well as the strategies toward the design of highly efficient electrocatalysts are discussed. The structure‐activity relationships and their dynamic responses to the environment and catalytic functionality under working conditions are illustrated to be crucial factors for understanding the complexed interface and the electrocatalytic activities. It is hoped that this review can help spark new research passion and ultimately bring a step closer to a realistic and systematic modeling method for electrocatalysis.
One Stone, Three Birds: An Air and Interface Stable Argyrodite Solid Electrolyte with Multifunctional Nanoshells
Authors: Sang Junwu , Pan Kecheng , Tang Bin , Zhang Zhang , Liu Yiyang , Zhou Zhen 
Published: September 2023

AbstractLi6PS5Cl (LPSC) solid electrolytes, based on Argyrodite, have shown potential for developing high energy density and safe all‐solid‐state lithium metal batteries. However, challenges such as interfacial reactions, uneven Li deposition, and air instability remain unresolved. To address these issues, a simple and effective approach is proposed to design and prepare a solid electrolyte with unique structural features: Li6PS4Cl0.75‐OF0.25 (LPSC‐OF0.25) with protective LiF@Li2O nanoshells and F and O‐rich internal units. The LPSC‐OF0.25 electrolyte exhibits high ionic conductivity and the capability of “killing three birds with one stone” by improving the moist air tolerance, as well as the interface compatibility between the anode or cathode and the solid electrolyte. The improved performance is attributed to the peculiar morphology and the self‐generating and self‐healing interface coupling capability. When coupled with bare LiCoO2, the LPSC‐OF0.25 electrolyte enables stable operation under high cutoff voltage (≈4.65 V vs Li/Li+), thick cathodes (25 mg cm−2), and large current density (800 cycles at 2 mA cm−2). This rationally designed solid electrolyte offers promising prospects for solid‐state batteries with high energy and power density for future long‐range electric vehicles and aircrafts.
Origin and Mechanism of Piezoelectric and Photovoltaic Effects in (111) Polar Orientated NiO Films
Authors: Fan Nana , Wang Yingfei , Liu Bin , Yang Heqing , Liu Shengzhong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBased on the current piezoelectric theory, NiO with the centrosymmetric structure is not piezoelectric. However, herein, this study shows the first observation of piezoelectric generation, rectifyingand bulk photovoltaic behaviors in NiO films with [111] orientation and the change in NiO crystal structure in piezoelectric process. The piezoelectric generation, rectifying, and bulk photovoltaic performances are enhanced by increasing (111) orientation, and attenuated and eliminated by applying a persistent stress on the NiO film. The NiO [111] is polar direction, and thus a spontaneous electric field (ES) is in the NiO film with [111] orientation. The existence of Es in (111) oriented NiO film is found to be the physical basis of the piezoelectric generators and photovoltaic and rectifying effects. Thus, NiO piezoelectric, rectifying, and bulk photovoltaic mechanism are presented at the atomic level. The mechanism may rewrite the current piezoelectric theory, and establish a unified theory of polar structure with wide implications. The polar‐orientated films can be used to fabricate piezoelectric generators and other optoelectronic devices with high performances.
Early development and adaptive functioning in children with Bardet‐Biedl syndrome
Authors: Keifer Ekaterina , Berg Richard L. , Richardson Jesse G. , Haws Robert M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis study had two aims. Aim one investigated achievement of 10 developmental milestones in children with Bardet‐Biedl syndrome (BBS). Aim one data were derived from retrospective responses by caregivers of individuals with BBS who are enrolled in the Clinical Registry Investigating Bardet‐Biedl syndrome (CRIBBS). CRIBBS is a natural history registry acquiring serial observations. Aim two investigated early adaptive skills using the Adaptive Behavior Assessment System (ABAS‐II 0–5) completed by caregivers of children with BBS aged from 0 to 5. There were 652 individuals with milestone information (with some variability based on availability of information for specific milestones), and 101 individuals (including 95 among the 652) with ABAS‐II information. Results revealed wide‐ranging delays in adaptive skills, particularly in the domain of Self‐Care. Expressive language appears to be the most frequently delayed developmental milestone. We found a difference by BBS genotype wherein individuals with BBS1 had higher adaptive/developmental scores than individuals with BBS10. Age also carried a significant association with adaptive skills diverging farther from a normative trajectory as children with BBS progress through early childhood.
Divergent Photosensitizer Controlled Reactions of 4‐Hydroxycoumarins and Unactivated Olefins: Hydroarylation and Subsequent [2+2] Cycloaddition
Authors: Chang Rui , Pang Yubing , Ye Juntao 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHerein, we report a photoinduced approach for hydroarylation of unactivated olefins using 4‐hydroxycoumarins as the arylating reagent. Key to the success of this reaction is the conversion of nucleophilic 4‐hydroxycoumarins into electrophilic carbon radicals via photocatalytic arene oxidation, which not only circumvents the polarity‐mismatch issue encountered under ionic conditions but also accommodates a broad substrate scope and inhibits side reactions that were previously observed. Moreover, divergent reactivity was achieved by changing the photocatalyst, enabling a subsequent [2+2] cycloaddition to deliver cyclobutane‐fused pentacyclic products that are otherwise challenging to access in high yields and with high diastereoselectivity. Mechanistic studies have elucidated the mechanism of the reactions and the origin of the divergent reactivity.
Two‐Dimensional Supramolecular Polymerization of a Bis‐Urea Macrocycle into a Brick‐Like Hydrogen‐Bonded Network
Authors: Rubert Llorenç , Islam Md Faizul , Greytak Andrew B. , Prakash Rahul , Smith Mark D. , Gomila Rosa Maria , Frontera Antonio , Shimizu Linda S. , Soberats Bartolome 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe report on a dendronized bis‐urea macrocycle 1 self‐assembling via a cooperative mechanism into two‐dimensional (2D) nanosheets formed solely by alternated urea‐urea hydrogen bonding interactions. The pure macrocycle self‐assembles in bulk into one‐dimensional liquid‐crystalline columnar phases. In contrast, its self‐assembly mode drastically changes in CHCl3 or tetrachloroethane, leading to 2D hydrogen‐bonded networks. Theoretical calculations, complemented by previously reported crystalline structures, indicate that the 2D assembly is formed by a brick‐like hydrogen bonding pattern between bis‐urea macrocycles. This assembly is promoted by the swelling of the trisdodecyloxyphenyl groups upon solvation, which frustrates, due to steric effects, the formation of the thermodynamically more stable columnar macrocycle stacks. This work proposes a new design strategy to access 2D supramolecular polymers by means of a single non‐covalent interaction motif, which is of great interest for materials development.
Clinical Issues — October 2023
Authors: Wright Renae 
Published: September 2023

THIS MONTH
Pregnant personnel in the magnetic resonance environment
Key words: magnetic resonance (MR), pregnant personnel, zone IV, exposure, scanner.
Patients with tattoos in the magnetic resonance environment
Key words: tattoo ink, permanent cosmetic tattoo, magnetic resonance (MR), scanning, burns.
Robotic procedure emergency preparedness
Key words: emergency readiness, conversion to open, robotic surgery, checklists, undocking.
Communication during robotic procedures
Key words: communication, teamwork, robotic procedures, familiarity, perioperative team.
Practical stability of stochastic functional differential equations with infinite delay
Authors: Rhaima Mohamed , Mchiri Lassaad , Ben Makhlouf Abdellatif , Sallay Jihen 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this study, we explore the realm of practical stability within stochastic functional differential equations with infinite delay (SFDEID). Specifically, we investigate the notions of
th moment and almost sure stability and develop a fresh set of criteria to effectively assess and quantify these properties. To showcase the practical significance of our findings, we apply our newly established criteria to a compelling numerical example, thereby validating the robustness and applicability of our main result.
An evolutionary history of F12 gene: Emergence, loss, and vulnerability with the environment as a driver
Authors: Padilla Sabino , Prado Roberto , Anitua Eduardo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn the context of macroevolutionary transitions, environmental changes prompted vertebrates already bearing genetic variations to undergo gradual adaptations resulting in profound anatomical, physiological, and behavioral adaptations. The emergence of new genes led to the genetic variation essential in metazoan evolution, just as was gene loss, both sources of genetic variation resulting in adaptive phenotypic diversity. In this context, F12‐coding protein with defense and hemostatic roles emerged some 425 Mya, and it might have contributed in aquatic vertebrates to the transition from water‐to‐land. Conversely, the F12 loss in marine, air‐breathing mammals like cetaceans has been associated with phenotypic adaptations in some terrestrial mammals in their transition to aquatic lifestyle. More recently, the advent of technological innovations in western lifestyle with blood‐contacting devices and harmful environmental nanoparticles, has unfolded new roles of FXII. Environment operates as either a positive or a relaxed selective pressure on genes, and consequently genes are selected or lost. FXII, an old dog facing environmental novelties can learn new tricks and teach us new therapeutic avenues.
Lentivirus‐based shRNA of Caspase‐3 gene silencing inhibits chondrocyte apoptosis and delays the progression of surgically induced osteoarthritis
Authors: Zhu Weicong , Yang Xiaohong , Liu Shaojie , Wang Yiwen , Li Wenxu , Zhong Qiguang , Zhang Lihua , Xu Jiake 
Published: September 2023

AbstractChondrocyte apoptosis is an important pathological feature of osteoarthritis (OA). Excessive apoptosis of chondrocytes disrupts the dynamic balance of cell proliferation and apoptosis, with a marked reduction in chondrocytes and cartilage matrix disintegration, which represents the main pathology of OA. Caspases, especially Caspase‐3, play a central role in cell apoptosis. In this study, a lentiviral vector was used to transduce caspase‐3 short hairpin RNA (shRNA) into rat chondrocytes (RCs), and the apoptotic and phenotypic genes of RCs were analyzed using real‐time PCR and western blotting in vitro. In addition, in vivo intra‐articular injection of Caspase‐3 shRNA lentivirus was performed in a surgically induced OA rat model. Our results showed that Caspase‐3 gene silencing could down‐regulate the TNF‐α‐mediated inflammatory gene expression of TNFR1, FADD, and IL‐1β, apoptotic gene expression of APAF1, Caspase‐3, and Caspase‐9, thereby attenuating the apoptotic pathway in vitro. Caspase‐3 gene silencing also attenuated TNF‐α‐mediated decreased gene expression of ACAN, Col1‐a1, and Col2‐a1. Furthermore, Caspase‐3 gene silencing could effectively reduce the OARSI score, and gene expression of Caspase‐3, Caspase‐9, MMP13, and TNF‐α in a surgically induced OA rat model. Caspase‐3 gene silencing may serve as a novel therapeutic strategy for cartilage injury and OA.
Metabolic profiling of Qi‐Yu‐San‐Long decoction in rat feces by ultraperformance liquid chromatography–quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry combined with a post‐targeted screening strategy
Authors: Fu Xiaojie , Zheng Ting , Li Zegeng , Wu Huan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractResearch into traditional Chinese medicine metabolism in feces is one of the key avenues to understanding the fate of traditional Chinese medicines in vivo. In this study, we used ultraperformance liquid chromatography–quadrupole time‐of‐flight MS in combination with a post‐targeted screening strategy to identify the prototype components and metabolites in rat feces after oral administration. Based on our group's previous research, the component database of Qi‐Yu‐San‐Long decoction (QYSLD) was established. Prototype components were screened from the fecal samples based on summarized chromatographic and MS behaviors. According to the chemical structure characteristics of related compounds, the possible metabolic pathways were inferred, and the metabolites related to QYSLD were predicted. We extracted ion chromatograms by predicting the m/z values of metabolite excimer ions and identified related metabolites based on their retention time and fragmentation behavior. A total of 93 QYSLD‐related xenobiotics were confirmed or tentatively identified in rat fecal samples, and the results indicated that the main metabolic pathways of QYSLD were hydrolysis, deglycosylation, oxidation, reduction, decarboxylation, methylation and acetylation. This study presents a rapid method for identifying the prototype components and metabolites, and offers valuable insights into the biotransformation profiling of QYSLD in rat feces.
The neural correlates of texture perception: A systematic review and activation likelihood estimation meta‐analysis of functional magnetic resonance imaging studies
Authors: Henderson Jessica , Mari Tyler , Hewitt Danielle , Newton‐Fenner Alice , Giesbrecht Timo , Marshall Alan , Stancak Andrej , Fallon Nicholas 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntroductionHumans use discriminative touch to perceive texture through dynamic interactions with surfaces, activating low‐threshold mechanoreceptors in the skin. It was largely assumed that texture was processed in primary somatosensory regions in the brain; however, imaging studies indicate heterogeneous patterns of brain activity associated with texture processing.MethodsTo address this, we conducted a coordinate‐based activation likelihood estimation meta‐analysis of 13 functional magnetic resonance imaging studies (comprising 15 experiments contributing 228 participants and 275 foci) selected by a systematic review.ResultsConcordant activations for texture perception occurred in the left primary somatosensory and motor regions, with bilateral activations in the secondary somatosensory, posterior insula, and premotor and supplementary motor cortices. We also evaluated differences between studies that compared touch processing to non‐haptic control (e.g., rest or visual control) or those that used haptic control (e.g., shape or orientation perception) to specifically investigate texture encoding. Studies employing a haptic control revealed concordance for texture processing only in the left secondary somatosensory cortex. Contrast analyses demonstrated greater concordance of activations in the left primary somatosensory regions and inferior parietal cortex for studies with a non‐haptic control, compared to experiments accounting for other haptic aspects.ConclusionThese findings suggest that texture processing may recruit higher order integrative structures, and the secondary somatosensory cortex may play a key role in encoding textural properties. The present study provides unique insight into the neural correlates of texture‐related processing by assessing the influence of non‐textural haptic elements and identifies opportunities for a future research design to understand the neural processing of texture.
Determining patients with spinal metastases suitable for surgical intervention: A cost‐effective analysis
Authors: Hsieh Hsiang‐Chieh , Yen Hung‐Kuan , Tseng Ting‐En , Pan Yu‐Ting , Liao Min‐Tsun , Fu Shau‐Huai , Yen Mao‐Hsu , Jaw Fu‐Shan , Lin Wei‐Hsin , Hu Ming‐Hsiao , Yang Shu‐Hua , Groot Olivier Q. , Schoenfeld Andrew J. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundBoth nonoperative and operative treatments for spinal metastasis are expensive interventions. Patients' expected 3‐month survival is believed to be a key factor to determine the most suitable treatment. However, to the best of our knowledge, no previous study lends support to the hypothesis. We sought to determine the cost‐effectiveness of operative and nonoperative interventions, stratified by patients' predicted probability of 3‐month survival.MethodsA Markov model with four defined health states was used to estimate the quality‐adjusted life years (QALYs) and costs for operative intervention with postoperative radiotherapy and radiotherapy alone (palliative low‐dose external beam radiotherapy) of spine metastases. Transition probabilities for the model, including the risks of mortality and functional deterioration, were obtained from secondary and our institutional data. Willingness to pay thresholds were prespecified at $100,000 and $150,000. The analyses were censored after 5‐year simulation from a health system perspective and discounted outcomes at 3% per year. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to test the robustness of the study design.ResultsThe incremental cost‐effectiveness ratios were $140,907 per QALY for patients with a 3‐month survival probability >50%, $3,178,510 per QALY for patients with a 3‐month survival probability <50%, and $168,385 per QALY for patients with independent ambulatory and 3‐month survival probability >50%.ConclusionsThis study emphasizes the need to choose patients carefully and estimate preoperative survival for those with spinal metastases. In addition to reaffirming previous research regarding the influence of ambulatory status on cost‐effectiveness, our study goes a step further by highlighting that operative intervention with postoperative radiotherapy could be more cost‐effective than radiotherapy alone for patients with a better survival outlook. Accurate survival prediction tools and larger future studies could offer more detailed insights for clinical decisions.
Identifying points for therapeutic intervention from the lived experiences of people seeking help for retroactive jealousy
Authors: Blayney Robert , Burgess Mark 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsRetroactive jealousy is an unhealthy interest in a partner's romantic/sexual history that has a detrimental effect on sufferers and relationships. Significant numbers of people seek therapeutic help for retroactive jealousy each year, but no research has used their lived experiences to identify potential therapeutic interventions. That was the aim of this research.MethodsSeven adults (21–43 years) who had sought help for retroactive jealousy were interviewed about their experiences. Participants' accounts were analysed with reflexive thematic analysis, and findings were used to identify potential therapeutic interventions.FindingsThree main themes represented participants' experiences. Fears threaten hope and security involved negative self‐comparisons with past rivals, a sense of one's partner and the relationship losing value and of feeling wronged. Feeling compelled to know about the past involved one's mind as a creative generator of distress and feeling compelled to seek reassurance but making things worse. Feeling split and out of control involved feeling like a devil was on one's shoulder and having retroactive jealousy as a constant background to relational life.ImplicationsTherapeutic guidance for change and growth can be directed at participants' desires to forge a special romantic relationship, to achieve a more stable sense of self, and to act consistently with their underlying values and not in response to their visceral fears. We offer suggestions for psychoeducation regarding characteristics of healthy relationships, for working to move from insecure to secure responses, and for integrating cognitive defusion and implementation intentions to enhance agency.