bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effectiveness of a Smartphone Intervention Targeting Suicidal Ideation in Young Adults: Randomized Controlled Trial Examining the Influence of Loneliness
Authors: McGillivray Lauren , Keng-Meng Hui Nicholas , Wong Quincy J J , Han Jin , Qian Jiahui , Torok Michelle 
Published: February 2023

Background
Loneliness is commonly reported by young people and has been shown to contribute to the rapid onset and escalation of depression and suicidal ideation during adolescence. Lonely people may also be particularly susceptible to disengaging from treatment early given the likelihood of their more complex clinical profiles leading to cognitive fatigue. While a smartphone intervention (LifeBuoy) has been shown to effectively reduce suicidal ideation in young adults, poor engagement is a well-documented issue for this therapeutic modality and has been shown to result in poorer treatment outcomes.

Objective
This study aims to determine whether loneliness affects how young people experiencing suicidal ideation engage with and benefit from a therapeutic smartphone intervention (LifeBuoy).

Methods
A total of 455 community-based Australian young adults (aged 18-25 years) experiencing recent suicidal ideation were randomized to use a dialectical behavioral therapy–based smartphone intervention (LifeBuoy) or an attention-matched control app (LifeBuoy-C) for 6 weeks. Participants completed measures of suicidal ideation, depression, anxiety, and loneliness at baseline (T0), post intervention (T1), and 3 months post intervention (T2). Piecewise linear mixed models were used to examine whether loneliness levels moderated the effect of LifeBuoy and LifeBuoy-C on suicidal ideation and depression across time (T0 to T1; T1 to T2). This statistical method was then used to examine whether app engagement (number of modules completed) influenced the relationship between baseline loneliness and suicidal ideation and depression across time.

Results
Loneliness was positively associated with higher levels of overall suicidal ideation (B=0.75, 95% CI 0.08-1.42; P=.03) and depression (B=0.88, 95% CI 0.45-1.32; P<.001), regardless of time point or allocated condition. However, loneliness did not affect suicidal ideation scores across time (time 1: B=1.10, 95% CI –0.25 to 2.46; P=.11; time 2: B=0.43, 95% CI –1.25 to 2.12; P=.61) and depression scores across time (time 1: B=0.00, 95% CI –0.67 to 0.66; P=.99; time 2: B=0.41, 95% CI –0.37 to 1.18; P=.30) in either condition. Similarly, engagement with the LifeBuoy app was not found to moderate the impact of loneliness on suicidal ideation (B=0.00, 95% CI –0.17 to 0.18; P=.98) or depression (B=–0.08, 95% CI –0.19 to 0.03; P=.14).

Conclusions
Loneliness was not found to affect young adults’ engagement with a smartphone intervention (LifeBuoy) nor any clinical benefits derived from the intervention. LifeBuoy, in its current form, can effectively engage and treat individuals regardless of how lonely they may be.

Trial Registration
Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12619001671156; https://tinyurl.com/yvpvn5n8

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
RR2-10.2196/23655
Longitudinal Evaluation of Mathematics Achievement in Children and Adolescents with FASD
Authors: Kennedy Kathleen E. , Pei Jacqueline , Andrew Gail , Rasmussen Carmen 
Published: February 2023

Background and Objectives Mathematics achievement as a particular area of difficulty for individuals with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) has been a robust finding in the literature. However, existing longitudinal data are outdated and do not consider mathematics performance across time during critical periods of transition such as adolescence. Longitudinal data on the developmental trajectory of mathematics and factors that may influence outcomes can inform the development of effective educational intervention strategies for youth with prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE)/FASD to promote academic success in the area of mathematics. In the present study, we aimed to add to the existing literature through the examination of mathematics performance at two time-points at both the group and individual levels. We also examined the impact of various demographic and environmental factors on mathematics skills over time. Materials and Methods Fifteen children and youth with PAE/FASD were assessed at time 1 (M age = 13.0 years, range 9–17 years), and at time 2 approximately 5 years later (M age = 18.5 years, range 15–23 years) using a standardized measure of math achievement. Results At the group level, mean normative math achievement scores significantly decreased over time. At the individual level, reliable change indices indicated that 13.3% (n = 2) of participants’ scores demonstrated clinically significant change across time. No demographic or environmental factor variables were correlated with changes in scores across time. Conclusion With recognition that the results need to be considered in the context of the limited power and generalizability that our small sample size offers, our results highlight the importance of considering both group and individual change. Without such information, there is the potential to overgeneralize the extent to which mathematics scores for individuals with PAE/FASD are decreasing across time. Our descriptive findings acknowledge the critical need for adolescent mathematics interventions which consider the complexity and diversity of the deficits present in PAE/FASD because existing services may be buffering some difficulties in the area of mathematics, but are not necessarily promoting longer-term impacts.
“Compare But Not to Compare”: Kajian Perbandingan Hukum di Indonesia
Authors: Lukito Ratno 
Published: February 2023

Discussing the study of comparative law in Indonesia, this paper is interested in focusing on the issue of why comparative law studies are declining both in quantity and quality. Using Charles Tilly’s theory of social history, this paper concludes that comparative law studies in Indonesia are currently in a stagnant position and fewer people are concerned with the quality of this academic study. This paper reveals that the comparative law that began during the Dutch Rechtshoogeschool in Batavia in 1924 basically did not develop until the present day. Both in terms of epistemology, subject of the study, postulate to method and approach illustrate how comparative law studies have stagnated when compared to the development of this study abroad. Comparative law in Indonesia is only focused on substantive studies without paying attention to this scientific development on the epistemological and methodological side. Improvements can thus be proposed in dealing with this situation, namely by increasing the number of sources of writing and discussion of comparative law from outside, especially those in English, and making this comparative study a core science in legal studies.
Abstrak
Membahas kajian perbandingan hukum di Indonesia, tulisan ini tertarik untuk memfokuskan diri pada persoalan mengapa kajian perbandingan hukum semakin merosot baik kuantitas maupun kualitasnya. Dengan menggunakan teori sejarah sosial dari Charles Tilly, tulisan ini sampai pada kesimpulan bahwa kajian perbandingan hukum di Indonesia saat ini pada posisi yang mandeg dan semakin sedikit orang yang perhatian dengan mutu dari kajian akademik ini. Tulisan ini mengungkap bahwa perbandingan hukum yang dimulai sejak masa Rechtshoogeschool Belanda di Batavia tahun 1924 pada dasarnya tidak mengalami perkembangan hingga masa sekarang. Baik sisi epistemology, subject of the study, postulate hingga method and approach menggambarkan betapa kajian perbandingan hukum itu mengalami stagnasi bila dibandingkan dengan perkembangan kajian ini di luar negeri. Perbandingan hukum di Indonesia hanya terpusat pada kajian substantive saja tanpa memperhatikan perkembangan keilmuan ini pada sisi epistemologis dan metodologisnya. Perbaikan dengan demikian dapat diusulkan dalam menghadapi situasi ini yaitu dengan semakin memperbanyak sumber tulisan dan bahasan perbandingan hukum dari luar, khususnya yang berbahasa Inggris, dan menjadikan kajian perbandingan ini sebagai ilmu yang inti dalam kajian hukum.
Misinterpretasi Ide Gustav Radbruch mengenai Doktrin Filosofis tentang Validitas dalam Pembentukan Undang-Undang
Authors: Manullang E. Fernando M. 
Published: February 2023

The philosophical validity of law (keberlakuan hukum secara filosofis) is always juxtaposed with juridical and sociological aspects, and becomes a central discussion in jurisprudence. This idea has always been an integral part of every academic legislation draft, called philosophical validity (landasan filosofis). This idea was authentically conveyed by Gustav Radbruch. However, there is a philosophical misinterpretation on legal validity. It occurs because there is no explanation of neokantianism perspectives in Radbruch’s thought that Ought and Is statements are not statements as if in a separate world, but transformed as unity under the idea of legal certainty. This manifestation can be reviewed continuously from juridical, sociological and philosophical levels. In addition, the term doctrine in the concept of validity is absent, even though the term implies that validity is related to juridical doctrine (ajaran hukum). To analyse this misinterpretation, this article reflects on Radbruch’s ideas about the philosophical doctrines of validity, including juridical and sociological, and their relevance to the philosophy of neokantianism, which influenced Radbruch’s legal thought. Followed by some critical reflections on how such misinterpretation has led to serious implication in law-making.
Abstrak
Keberlakuan hukum secara filosofis selalu disandingkan dengan aspek yuridis dan sosiologis, dan menjadi ide sentral dalam pengetahuan hukum. Ide ini juga menjadi suatu keharusan dalam setiap penyusunan naskah akademik, dengan sebutan landasan filosofis. Ide ini sesungguhnya secara otentik disampaikan oleh Gustav Radbruch. Namun ada misinterpretasi ide keberlakuan hukum secara filosofis. Ini terjadi karena tiadanya penjelasan filosofi neokantianisme dalam pikiran Radbruch bahwa pernyataan-pernyataan yang seharusnya dan senyatanya bukanlah seperti pernyataan dalam dunia yang terpisah, melainkan menjelma ke dalam suatu kesatuan di bawah ide kepastian hukum. Penjelmaan ini dapat ditinjau secara kontinu dari segi yuridis, sosiologis dan filosofis. Di samping itu, terma doktrin dalam konsep validitas hilang, padahal terma itu memberikan implikasi bahwa validitas terkait dengan ajaran. Ini artinya suatu validitas adalah mengenai bagaimana suatu ajaran terjelma secara nyata dalam lingkup filosofis, termasuk yuridis dan sosiologis. Untuk mengurai misinterpretasi tersebut, artikel ini merefleksikan ide Radbruch tentang doktrin filosofis tentang validitas, termasuk yuridis dan sosiologis, serta merelevansikannya dengan filsafat neokantianisme, yang memengaruhi pemikiran hukum Radbruch. Dilanjutkan dengan beberapa renungan kritis tentang bagaimana misinterpretasi tersebut telah membawa implikasi yang serius dalam pembuatan undang-undang.
Vivencia de la espiritualidad en el paciente con cáncer en quimioterapia ambulatoria
Authors: Duque-Ortiz Camilo , Tirado-Otalvaro Andres Felipe , Guarín-Cardona Luzbiam Fernanda 
Published: February 2023

Objetivo: Analizar la vivencia de la espiritualidad en el paciente con cáncer en tratamiento con quimioterapia ambulatoria. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó una investigación cualitativa con enfoque histórico hermenéutico. Participaron seis personas con diagnóstico de cáncer que se encontraban en tratamiento de quimioterapia ambulatoria en tres centros asistenciales de la ciudad de Medellín, Colombia entre julio de 2020 y julio de 2021. La información se recolectó a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas. El proceso de análisis se realizó utilizando técnicas de la teoría fundamentada de Strauss y Corbin, tales como: microanálisis, codificación abierta, codificación axial y comparación constante. Resultado: La forma como los pacientes con cáncer en tratamiento de quimioterapia ambulatoria viven la espiritualidad se representa a través de las siguientes categorías: “Emociones vividas durante el tratamiento como impulso para seguir adelante”, “Las redes de apoyo, una fuente de fortaleza y esperanza”, “El cáncer, una prueba divina entre las limitaciones y el aprendizaje”, “La empatía del personal de salud, un mecanismo para afrontar la enfermedad y generar bienestar” y “La espiritualidad, una fuerza que cambia la perspectiva de la enfermedad”. Conclusiones: Pese a la connotación negativa del diagnóstico de cáncer, la dimensión espiritual en el paciente con cáncer en tratamiento de quimioterapia ambulatoria contribuye a que la persona vea la enfermedad desde una perspectiva positiva, aumente la fe y la esperanza para continuar luchando, le dé un sentido de que todo ha valido la pena, permite ver más allá y proporciona tranquilidad para enfrentar las adversidades ocasionadas por el cáncer.
Topically Administered NOX4 Inhibitor, GLX7013114, Is Efficacious in Treating the Early Pathological Events of Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: Dionysopoulou Stavroula , Wikstrom Per , Bucolo Claudio , Romano Giovanni Luca , Micale Vincenzo , Svensson Richard , Spyridakos Dimitris , Mastrodimou Niki , Georgakis Spiros , Verginis Panayotis , Walum Erik , Thermos Kyriaki 
Published: February 2023

NADPH oxidases (NOXs) are major players in generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) and are implicated in various neurodegenerative ocular pathologies. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of a NOX4 inhibitor (GLX7013114) in two in vivo, experimental streptozotocin (STZ) paradigms depicting the early events of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Animals in the diabetic treated group received GLX7013114 topically (20 μL/eye, 10 mg/mL, once daily) for 14 days (paradigm A: preventive) and 7 days (paradigm B: treated) at 48 h and 4 weeks after STZ injection, respectively. Several methodologies were used (immunohistochemistry, Western blot, real-time PCR, ELISA, pattern electroretinography [PERG]) to assess the diabetes-induced early events of DR, namely oxidative stress, neurodegeneration, and neuroinflammation, and the effect of GLX7013114 on the diabetic insults. GLX7013114, administered as eye drops (paradigms A and B), was beneficial in treating the oxidative nitrative stress, activation of caspase-3 and micro- and macroglia, and attenuation of neuronal markers. It also attenuated the diabetes-induced increase in vascular endothelial growth factor, Evans blue dye leakage, and proinflammatory cytokine (TNF-α protein, IL-1β/IL-6 mRNA) levels. PERG amplitude values suggested that GLX7013114 protected retinal ganglion cell function (paradigm B). This study provides new findings regarding the pharmacological profile of the novel NOX4 inhibitor GLX7013114 as a promising therapeutic candidate for the treatment of the early stage of DR.

Article Highlights
NADPH oxidases (NOXs) are implicated in the early pathological events of diabetic retinopathy (DR). The NOX4 inhibitor GLX7013114, topically administered, reduced oxidative damage and apoptosis in the rat streptozotocin model of DR. GLX7013114 protected retinal neurons and retinal ganglion cell function and reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the diabetic retina. GLX7013114 diminished the diabetes-induced increase in vascular endothelial growth factor levels and Evans blue dye leakage in retinal tissue. GLX7013114 exhibits neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, and vasculoprotective properties that suggest it may have a role as a putative therapeutic for the early events of DR.
Combination of Multiple Low-Risk Lifestyle Behaviors and Incident Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies
Authors: Khan Tauseef A. , Field David , Chen Victoria , Ahmad Suleman , Mejia Sonia Blanco , Kahleová Hana , Rahelić Dario , Salas-Salvadó Jordi , Leiter Lawrence A. , Uusitupa Matti , Kendall Cyril W.C. , Sievenpiper John L. 
Published: February 2023

OBJECTIVECombined low-risk lifestyle behaviors (LRLBs) have been associated with a reduction in type 2 diabetes risk. This relationship has not been systematically quantified.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSA systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to assess the association of combined LRLBs with type 2 diabetes. Databases were searched up to September 2022. Prospective cohort studies reporting the association between a minimum of three combined LRLBs (including healthy diet) with incident type 2 diabetes were included. Independent reviewers extracted data and assessed study quality. Risk estimates of extreme comparisons were pooled using a random-effects model. Global dose-response meta-analysis (DRM) for maximum adherence was estimated using a one-stage linear mixed model. The certainty of the evidence was assessed using GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations).RESULTSThirty cohort comparisons (n = 1,693,753) involving 75,669 incident type 2 diabetes cases were included. LRLBs, with author-defined ranges, were healthy body weight, healthy diet, regular exercise, smoking abstinence or cessation, and light alcohol consumption. LRLBs were associated with 80% lower risk of type 2 diabetes (relative risk [RR] 0.20; 95% CI 0.17–0.23), comparing the highest with lowest adherence. Global DRM for maximum adherence to all five LRLBs reached 85% protection (RR 0.15; 95% CI 0.12–0.18). The overall certainty of the evidence was graded as high.CONCLUSIONSThere is a very good indication that a combination of LRLBs that includes maintaining a healthy bodyweight, healthy diet, regular exercise, smoking abstinence or cessation, and light alcohol consumption is associated with a lower risk of incident type 2 diabetes.
Effect of COVID-19 on Type 2 Diabetes Self-Care Behaviors: A Rapid Review
Authors: Olausson Jill M. , Brady Veronica J. , Storey Susan 
Published: February 2023

OBJECTIVE
The aim of this review was to describe how the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockdown affected the self-care behaviors of people living with type 2 diabetes.

Methods
A systematic rapid review was conducted using four electronic databases. Studies reporting on the lockdown’s impact on at least one of the self-care behaviors that were published from January 2020 through October 2021 were included. Findings were synthesized narratively, using the Association of Diabetes Care & Education Specialists ADCES7 Self-Care Behaviors as a framework. The methodological level of evidence and quality ratings of the articles were assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Appraisal Checklist.

Results
Fifteen articles were included. Most studies reported on at least five of the self-care behaviors. There were reported increases in diabetes-related stress, as well as in increases in dietary intake and changes in the timing of meals. Physical activity was reported to decrease. Overall, taking medications and glycemic self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) were unaffected by the lockdown. Of the studies reporting glycemic outcomes, the lockdown appeared to have little negative effect. None of the articles assessed all the self-care behaviors. The self-care behavior of SMBG was the least assessed. Most articles had a medium level of evidence and a medium to high quality rating (scores &gt;60%).

Conclusion
The findings from this review found the COVID-19 lockdown had a variable impact on diabetes self-care behaviors. Because the potential for future COVID-19 surges and/or other virulent transmissible diseases remains a concern, health care providers should continue to address the importance of self-care behaviors to mitigate the risk of poor health outcomes in people with diabetes.
The impact of different implantation sites and sex on the differentiation of human pancreatic endoderm cells into insulin-secreting cells in vivo
Authors: Saber Nelly , Ellis Cara E. , G.Iworima Diepiriye , Baker Robert K. , Rezania Alireza , Kieffer Timothy J. 
Published: February 2023

<p>Few studies have examined the differentiation of human embryonic stem cell (hESC)-derived pancreatic endoderm cells (PECs) in different implantation sites. Here, we investigate the influence of implantation site and recipient sex on the differentiation of hESC-derived PECs <em>in vivo</em>. Male and female mice were implanted with 5x106 hESC-derived PECs either under the kidney capsule, in the gonadal fat pad, or subcutaneously within macroencapsulation (TheraCyteTM) devices. Mice that received PECs within TheraCyteTM devices developed glucose-stimulated human C-peptide secretion faster than cells implanted under the kidney capsule or in the gonadal fat pad. Interestingly, hESC-derived PECs implanted under the kidney capsule in females developed glucose-stimulated human C-peptide faster than in males, and secreted higher levels of arginine-stimulated glucagon and GLP-1 than other implantation sites. Furthermore, hESC-derived grafts collected from the kidney capsule and gonadal fat pad sites displayed a mix of endocrine and ductal cells as well as contained cysts whereas TheraCyteTM device grafts displayed mostly endocrine cells and cysts were not observed. Here we demonstrate that the macroencapsulated subcutaneous site and the female recipient can promote faster differentiation of hESC-derived PECs to endocrine cells in mice. </p>
Deviation as Defamiliarization Technique in Written Igbo Poetry
Authors: Oraegbunam Chukwuebuka U. 
Published: February 2023

Deviation in the literary parlance occurs when a speaker or writer deviates from the normal rules and standards of a language. By breaking the rule of language, poets create art from the language that a language group is familiar with. Previous studies on written Igbo poetry (WIP) focused mainly on the content of WIP, with little attention paid to the language of the modern Igbo poets (MIP). Consequently, there is a dearth of research on how deviation occurs in African literatures. Therefore, through the lenses of Shklovsky’s defamiliarisation theory, this study examines WIP, with a view to describing the techniques used by MIP in achieving deviation, for the purpose of defamiliarising language in their works. Data consists of twenty poems randomly selected from eleven Igbo poetic texts, written between 1975, when WIP debuted to 2015, a period that marks the fourth decade of its existence. The poems studied were subjected to a qualitative analysis that focuses on the use of language to achieve deviation. Findings show that four types of deviation feature in WIP scene: syntactic, lexical, phonological and graphological. Syntactic deviation is achieved through the use of end-weight, focusing and topicalisation. Lexical deviation is the achieved through the use of coinages, lexical borrowing and dialectal deviation. Only apocope phonological deviation feature in WIP, while graphological deviation is done to ease pronunciation with a view to achieving rhythmic effect.