bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characteristics and mechanisms of human‐induced earthquakes in China from the QuakeQuake database
Authors: Chen Ruixue , Zhu Junjiang , Li Sanzhong , Zhang Shaoyu , Chen Xingquan , Li Qianqian , Wang Pengcheng , Zhang Jianli , Dai Liming , Jia Yonggang 
Published: March 2023

Based on the collation and collection of a large number of data, we construct an induced earthquake database, QuakeQuake, and report a total of 193 human‐induced earthquake cases in China. 155 human‐induced earthquakes in China recorded in the global‐induced earthquake database (HiQuake) are revisited and re‐arranged by compiling the Chinese literature. The human‐induced earthquakes in QuakeQuake database are classified into three levels of reliability, strong, moderate and weak levels, based on both human‐induced processes and seismic activity. Three main categories including reservoir‐induced earthquakes, mine‐induced earthquakes and other induced earthquakes in China are sorted based on data recording and types of the induced earthquakes. Most of the induced earthquakes with strong level in QuakeQuake database are mainly minor earthquakes (3 ≤ M < 4.5). The focal depth of reservoir‐induced and mining‐induced earthquakes is within 30 and 8 km deep, respectively. The active type of source faults of the large induced earthquakes is mainly thrust type with the highest proportion. The largest observed magnitude of the induced earthquakes (MMAX) correlates positively with the injection/extraction volume, reservoir dam heights, reservoir capacity and lithology of the reservoir area. Nine volume intervals corresponding to each induced earthquake type are figured out. Based on the analysis of the mechanisms of human‐induced earthquakes in China, the main mechanisms of surface mass loading are karst collapse or gas explosion, pore water pressure effect and gravity energy release. Underground material extraction is mainly induced by the compaction of different reservoirs. Two injection types of underground material are gas injection and water injection. Gas injection is related to continuous stress loading and unloading. Two induction mechanisms of water injection are the increase of fault pore pressure and the change of fault load condition.
Visual impairment and retinal and brain neurodegeneration: A population‐based study
Authors: Garzone Davide , Finger Robert P. , Mauschitz Matthias M. , Koch Alexandra , Reuter Martin , Breteler Monique M. B. , Aziz N. Ahmad 
Published: March 2023

AbstractVisual impairment and retinal neurodegeneration are intrinsically connected and both have been associated with cognitive impairment and brain atrophy, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. To investigate whether transneuronal degeneration is implicated, we systematically assessed the relation between visual function and retinal, visual pathway, hippocampal and brain degeneration. We analyzed baseline data from 3316 eligible Rhineland Study participants with visual acuity (VA), optical coherence tomography (OCT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data available. Regional volumes, cortical volume, and fractional anisotropy (FA) were derived from T1‐weighted and diffusion‐weighted 3 T MRI scans. Statistical analyses were performed using multivariable linear regression and structural equation modeling. VA and ganglion cell layer (GCL) thinning were both associated with global brain atrophy (SD effect size [95% CI] −0.090 [−0.118 to −0.062] and 0.066 [0.053–0.080], respectively), and hippocampal atrophy (−0.029 [−0.055 to −0.003] and 0.114 [0.087–0.141], respectively). The effect of VA on whole brain and hippocampal volume was partly mediated by retinal neurodegeneration. Similarly, the effect of retinal neurodegeneration on brain and hippocampal atrophy was mediated through intermediate visual tracts, accounting for 5.2%–23.9% of the effect. Visual impairment and retinal neurodegeneration were robustly associated with worse brain atrophy, FA, and hippocampal atrophy, partly mediated through disintegration of intermediate visual tracts. Our findings support the use of OCT‐derived retinal measures as markers of neurodegeneration, and indicate that both general and transneuronal neurodegeneration along the visual pathway, partly reflecting visual impairment, account for the association between retinal neurodegeneration and brain atrophy.
Prediction of suicidality in bipolar disorder using variability of intrinsic brain activity and machine learning
Authors: Tian Shui , Zhu Rongxin , Chen Zhilu , Wang Huan , Chattun Mohammad Ridwan , Zhang Siqi , Shao Junneng , Wang Xinyi , Yao Zhijian , Lu Qing 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBipolar disorder (BD) is associated with marked suicidal susceptibility, particularly during a major depressive episode. However, the evaluation of suicidal risk remains challenging since it relies mainly on self‐reported information from patients. Hence, it is necessary to complement neuroimaging features with advanced machine learning techniques in order to predict suicidal behavior in BD patients. In this study, a total of 288 participants, including 75 BD suicide attempters, 101 BD nonattempters and 112 healthy controls, underwent a resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs‐fMRI). Intrinsic brain activity was measured by amplitude of low‐frequency fluctuation (ALFF). We trained and tested a two‐level k‐nearest neighbors (k‐NN) model based on resting‐state variability of ALFF with fivefold cross‐validation. BD suicide attempters had increased dynamic ALFF values in the right anterior cingulate cortex, left thalamus and right precuneus. Compared to other machine learning methods, our proposed framework had a promising performance with 83.52% accuracy, 78.75% sensitivity and 87.50% specificity. The trained models could also replicate and validate the results in an independent cohort with 72.72% accuracy. These findings based on a relatively large data set, provide a promising way of combining fMRI data with machine learning technique to reliably predict suicide attempt at an individual level in bipolar depression. Overall, this work might enhance our understanding of the neurobiology of suicidal behavior by detecting clinically defined disruptions in the dynamics of instinct brain activity.
Explainable fMRI‐based brain decoding via spatial temporal‐pyramid graph convolutional network
Authors: Ye Ziyuan , Qu Youzhi , Liang Zhichao , Wang Mo , Liu Quanying 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBrain decoding, aiming to identify the brain states using neural activity, is important for cognitive neuroscience and neural engineering. However, existing machine learning methods for fMRI‐based brain decoding either suffer from low classification performance or poor explainability. Here, we address this issue by proposing a biologically inspired architecture, Spatial Temporal‐pyramid Graph Convolutional Network (STpGCN), to capture the spatial–temporal graph representation of functional brain activities. By designing multi‐scale spatial–temporal pathways and bottom‐up pathways that mimic the information process and temporal integration in the brain, STpGCN is capable of explicitly utilizing the multi‐scale temporal dependency of brain activities via graph, thereby achieving high brain decoding performance. Additionally, we propose a sensitivity analysis method called BrainNetX to better explain the decoding results by automatically annotating task‐related brain regions from the brain‐network standpoint. We conduct extensive experiments on fMRI data under 23 cognitive tasks from Human Connectome Project (HCP) S1200. The results show that STpGCN significantly improves brain‐decoding performance compared to competing baseline models; BrainNetX successfully annotates task‐relevant brain regions. Post hoc analysis based on these regions further validates that the hierarchical structure in STpGCN significantly contributes to the explainability, robustness and generalization of the model. Our methods not only provide insights into information representation in the brain under multiple cognitive tasks but also indicate a bright future for fMRI‐based brain decoding.
Physical activity and sedentary behaviour among south Asian immigrants in Australia
Authors: Nisar Mehwish , Kolbe‐Alexander Tracy L. , Khan Asaduzzaman 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIssue AddressedSouth Asians make up the second‐largest group of immigrants in Australia and experience a higher burden of chronic diseases compared with non‐immigrants. Most chronic diseases are associated with insufficient physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour (SB); however, studies involving PA and SB in immigrants are limited. This study aimed to explore PA and SB and associated factors among South Asian immigrants in Australia.MethodsSouth Asian adult immigrants in Australia were surveyed online (from November 2020 to March 2021) about PA, SB, knowledge and barriers to PA. Logistic regressions were used to examine factors associated with insufficient PA (<150 minutes/week) and a high sitting time (>8 hours/day).ResultsA total of 321 participants provided complete data. Approximately 76% of participants reported insufficient PA and 27% reported high sitting time. Only 6% of participants walked or bicycled. The main reported barriers to PA were lack of time, costs, transport facilities, skills, and culturally appropriate resources. Around 52% of participants were not aware of the importance of PA. Participants with self‐reported poor health and who used motorized travel were more likely to have inadequate PA. High sitting time was more common among middle‐aged, overweight/obese, and middle‐income participants.ConclusionsMost South Asian immigrants are insufficiently active with a lack of socio‐economically appropriate PA facilities identified as a major challenge. A stronger collaboration between policymakers and community is required for sustainable solutions.So What?Affordable and appropriate PA facilities in neighbourhoods could overcome major barriers. Also, information about PA should incorporate cultural expectations in the general recommendations to encourage participation.
Transvaginal ultrasound parameters to evaluate cervical favorability and predict the outcome of induction of labor
Authors: Liu Qian‐Qi , Chen Shi , Liu Ming‐Hui , Sun Yu , Chen Jun‐Ya 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the values of transvaginal ultrasound (TVU) and Bishop score (BS) for predicting outcomes of induction of labor (IOL).MethodsThe BS and TVU were assessed before IOL. TVU parameters included cervical length (CL) and E‐Cervix comprising the cervical hard ratio (HR) and the mean strain level of internal os (IOS). Study end‐points included the duration of the latent phase within 15 or 18 h and delivery within 24 h.ResultsIn multivariable logistic regression models, at the first two end‐points, the areas under the curve (AUCs) for CL with HR were 0.733 and 0.777, and the AUCs for CL with IOS were 0.754 and 0.787, respectively, The AUC for HR was 0.750 at the third end‐point. With receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, the best cut‐off value for CL was ≤1.38 cm and that for IOS was ≥0.35. The AUCs of the TVU scoring system by the cut‐off values for CL and IOS for the three end‐points were 0.784, 0.833, and 0.855, respectively. The predicting values of both methods were better than those of the BS (AUC = 0.672, 0.694, and 0.687, respectively).ConclusionCervical length along with E‐Cervix showed better predictive values for successful induction compared with the BS.
Decision support systems in irrigation management: Irrigation Facilities Spatial Information System
Authors: Şeren Ahmet 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAgricultural production and food are strategically important for nutrition, which is the basic requirement of living. Adequate supply of food depends on the sustainability of agricultural activities. Despite the proportional increase in other sectors in water use on a global scale, agriculture is still the largest user. Since Türkiye is located in a semi‐arid climate region, most of the year is dry. Apart from the rainy period, there is not enough water in our streams, especially in periods when irrigation water is needed. For this reason, the water stored in the months when there is a lot of precipitation is used in the months when it is needed for irrigation. The main purpose of irrigation management is to ensure that irrigation water demands within the irrigated area are shared fairly from the spring to the downstream areas in the desired time and amount, in accordance with the current water potential, the capacity of the irrigation system and the actual needs. Although the initial establishment and facility costs of automation and related decision support systems are high, the benefits and added value provided in the medium‐ and long‐term result in the irrigation facilities being preferred more during the operation and maintenance process. Automation applications, especially in closed irrigation systems, can prevent external intervention and water can be supplied to the network according to the real needs. The web‐based application, the Irrigation Facilities Spatial Information System (SUTEM), is designed to monitor, evaluate and report on the operation, maintenance and management activities of the facilities operated by the General Directorate of State Hydraulic Works or whose operation, maintenance and management responsibilities are transferred. The requirements are met through a single application that saves time and labour, facilitates control and supervision, standardizes reports and enables transition to a centralized data security structure.
Seasonal water sources at irrigated urban vegetable production sites in Ghana
Authors: Tuffour Michael , Sedegah Daniella D. , Asiama Rexford K. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractStudies on water use in urban agriculture in developing countries have largely focused on wastewater reuse and its associated health concerns. However, there is some heterogeneity in the choice of water sources of urban farmers in a developing country such as Ghana, where agricultural infrastructure is not fully developed. Therefore, this study explores the choice of water sources during the rainy and dry seasons by urban farmers since it has implications for food security in urban areas and beyond. Using chi‐square and multinomial logit regression, this paper assesses urban farmers’ choices for different water sources in Ghana during the rainy and dry seasons and examines the associated factors driving these choices. The results show that most urban farmers use rainwater and wastewater during the rainy and dry seasons, respectively, but small lakes/rivers are the least used during both seasons. Also, the choice of water sources at different locations is influenced by farm and non‐farm characteristics. The paper concludes that there is heterogeneity in the choice of water sources among urban farmers at different locations during different seasons. We recommend that stakeholders involved in promoting and sustaining urban agriculture must help in building a solid infrastructure for sustainable irrigation.
Rewards, recognition, and advancement for clinical pharmacists
Authors: Bondi Deborah S. , Acquisto Nicole M. , Buckley Mitchell S. , Erdman Grace , Kerns Stefanie T. , Nwaesei Angela Shogbon , Szymanski Thomas W. , Walkerly Autumn , Yau Adena S. , Martello Jay L. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractClinical pharmacy has continually evolved, with significant expansion in clinical pharmacists' qualifications and roles. However, this growth has not necessarily correlated with improved job satisfaction among clinical pharmacists. A survey of practicing clinical pharmacists performed by the American College of Clinical Pharmacy (ACCP) Clinical Practice Affairs Committee A identified low satisfaction with the time allocated for clinical activities, quality improvement, research and scholarship, and teaching and mentorship. There was also low satisfaction with the recognition provided, despite a high desire for recognition and strong agreement that recognition affects job satisfaction. Rewards for workplace successes and advancement pathways are also not commonly provided. This white paper provides an update to the previous ACCP publications from 1995 and 2010 on the current state of rewards, recognition, and advancement for clinical pharmacists. Suggestions for the pharmacy profession and administrators on how to improve job satisfaction and retention and reduce burnout were developed by the committee and are provided as best practice recommendations.
Spectroscopic biofeedback on cutaneous carotenoids: A powerful tool for primary prevention in advanced age
Authors: Gehlich Kerstin H. , Koch Georges , Köcher Wolfgang , Meinke Martina C. , Lange‐Asschenfeldt Bernhard , Lademann Jürgen 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAntioxidants exhibit a powerful defense mechanism against aging and chronic disease. The human skin reflects the overall antioxidant status of the body. The cutaneous carotenoid concentration is a biomarker for individual nutritional intake of antioxidants, as it correlates with the overall antioxidant status. The cutaneous carotenoid concentrations of 44 adults were measured using a multiple spatially resolved reflection spectroscopy. During the first phase of the study, measurements of carotenoid concentrations were performed without revealing the antioxidant status, followed by an intervention phase during which the volunteers were informed about their individual values by biofeedback. During the third phase, biofeedback was combined with an additional intake of fruit juices. Across time points, participants showed increasing levels of carotenoid status. Thus, biofeedback leads to an improvement of the carotenoid value of the skin. Providing a biofeedback measurement to monitor the individual antioxidative status may be an easy and cost‐effective way of primary prevention.
In situ synchrotron PXRD investigation of fresh and aged Equisetum ramosissimum Desf. (horsetail grass)
Authors: Chang Po‐Ya , Chang Chung‐Kai , Chuang Yu‐Chun , Chen Bo‐Hao , Lai Yen‐Chung , Sheu Hwo‐Shuenn 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAs one of the oldest species, horsetail grass (Equisetum ramosissimum Desf.) is known as a living fossil plant, dating back to the Mesozoic era. Horsetail grass is also considered one of the most important sources of bio‐silica due to its ability to accumulate high amounts of silica in all parts of the plant; various minerals can also be isolated by heat treatment. Fresh and aged horsetail grass stored for 2 years under ambient conditions was investigated by synchrotron powder X‐ray diffraction (PXRD). Clear crystallites were not observed in a fresh sample stored at room temperature; surprisingly, high amounts of gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O) and syngenite (K2Ca[SO4]2·H2O) were observed in the 2‐day dried and 2‐year aged samples, respectively. However, crystalline silica materials were not observed. In addition, in situ thermal treatment of up to 700°C was applied to investigate the crystals and phase transitions by focusing the X‐ray beam onto a single stem. In situ synchrotron PXRD revealed that dehydration occurred in gypsum in the 2‐day dried sample with an increase in temperature to hemihydrate (CaSO4·xH2O, 0.5 ≤ x ≤ 0.8) and anhydrite (CaSO4). On the other hand, syngenite was transformed to calciolangbeinite (K2Ca2[SO4]3) at high temperatures in 2‐year aged horsetail grass.
Pyroptosis in platelets: Thrombocytopenia and inflammation
Authors: Su Yang , Zhang Tiannan , Qiao Rui 
Published: March 2023

ObjectiveThe purpose of this manuscript was to conclude the role of platelets in immune inflammation and discuss the complex mechanisms of pyroptosis in platelets as well as their related diseases.MethodsThis article reviewed the existing literature to see the development of pyroptosis in platelets.ResultsPlatelets have been shown to be capable of activating inflammasomes assembled from NOD‐like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3), apoptosis‐associated speck‐like protein containing a CARD (ASC) and caspase‐1. Recently, they were also implicated in pyroptosis. Cleaved by caspase‐1, N‐terminal gasdermin D (N‐GSDMD) could form pores in the cell membrane, inducing nonselective intracellular substance release. This programmed cell death induced thrombocytopenia and inflammatory cytokine release such as IL‐1β and IL‐18, promoting platelet aggregation, vaso‐occlusion, endothelial permeability and cascaded inflammatory response.ConclusionPyroptosis in platelets contributes to thrombocytopenia and inflammation.
RABL4/IFT27 in a nucleotide‐independent manner promotes phospholipase D ciliary retrieval via facilitating BBSome reassembly at the ciliary tip
Authors: Liu Yan‐Xia , Zhang Rui‐Kai , Fan Zhen‐Chuan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCertain ciliary transmembrane and membrane‐associated signaling proteins export from cilia as intraflagellar transport (IFT) cargoes in a BBSome‐dependent manner. Upon reaching the ciliary tip via anterograde IFT, the BBSome disassembles before being reassembled to form an intact entity for cargo phospholipase D (PLD) coupling. During this BBSome remodeling process, Chlamydomonas Rab‐like 4 GTPase IFT27, by binding its partner IFT25 to form the heterodimeric IFT25/27, is indispensable for BBSome reassembly. Here, we show that IFT27 binds IFT25 in an IFT27 nucleotide‐independent manner. IFT25/27 and the IFT subcomplexes IFT‐A and ‐B are irrelevant for maintaining the stability of one another. GTP‐loading onto IFT27 enhances the IFT25/27 affinity for binding to the IFT‐B subcomplex core IFT‐B1 entity in cytoplasm, while GDP‐bound IFT27 does not prevent IFT25/27 from entering and cycling through cilia by integrating into IFT‐B1. Upon at the ciliary tip, IFT25/27 cycles on and off IFT‐B1 and this process is irrelevant with the nucleotide state of IFT27. During BBSome remodeling at the ciliary tip, IFT25/27 promotes BBSome reassembly independent of IFT27 nucleotide state, making postremodeled BBSomes available for PLD to interact with. Thus, IFT25/27 facilitates BBSome‐dependent PLD export from cilia via controlling availability of intact BBSomes at the ciliary tip, while IFT27 nucleotide state does not participate in this regulatory event.