bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“We Shouldn’t Let Academia Exhaust Ourselves Anymore!”: Pandemic Practices and the Changing Psychological Contract in Twenty-First-Century Academia
Authors: Nokkala Terhi , Aarnikoivu Melina , Saarinen Taina 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis chapter explores how academics construe the relationship between work and their universities during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. The data consist of several rounds of semi-structured group interviews, conducted on Zoom with three groups of academics based in Europe and North America. The first group consisted of four early-career academics, the second group of a mixture of both early-career and established researchers, and the third group of three established academics. Drawing on the concepts of responsive and adaptive pandemic practices, we analyse individual responses to both short- and long-term institutional practices of universities. We utilise the notion of academic psychological contract to specifically focus on the micro-level constituents of academics’ relationships with their work and their university. Based on our analysis, we argue that academics’ reactions to their universities’ pandemic practices were, on the one hand, marked by disillusionment, frustration, and conflict, and on the other hand, by feelings of contentment and satisfaction, being cared for and caring for people.
University-Civic Engagement in the Time of the Pandemic
Authors: Charles David 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe arrival of a global pandemic would seem to demand a wide-ranging response from universities committed to contributing to society and to their local areas. The nature of COVID-19 impacted all the domains in which universities take an active part in civic society. In the UK the pandemic arrived at a time when universities were developing civic engagement agreements with their host cities. These new civic partnerships, in some cases involving more than one university in a city, had a remit encompassing health as well as economic and social development. These plans were swiftly repositioned to deal with COVID-19 as part of city-wide emergency plans to manage the immediate effects of the pandemic and the economic shutdown. This chapter explores the responses made by the two universities in the city of Newcastle upon Tyne, working with local partners. It examines the nature of the relationships developed and the steps taken. In both universities there were a variety of local responses addressing both the immediate health needs and the long-term economic revival of the city. Working together the universities developed a city-wide partnership to support ongoing engagement within the framework of a civic university agreement.
The role of filler wire and scanning strategy in laser welding of difficult-to-weld aluminum alloys
Authors: Liverani Erica , Ascari Alessandro , Fortunato Alessandro 
Published: July 2023

AbstractLaser welding of dissimilar aluminum alloys has gained interest over recent years, especially for the production of lightweight components. Pore and crack formation is one of the most critical factors to be taken into consideration for such applications, in particular when one or more parts are produced by die casting or additive manufacturing (AM). Current laser systems offer several methods for defect reduction and process control, while optimized process strategies must be correlated to key factors influencing welding outcomes. In light of these aspects, the current paper investigates the welding of AA6082 sheets with AlSi10Mg parts produced by AM in a lap-joint configuration typical of battery housings in the e-mobility industry. Both laser welding with and without filler wire are investigated, along with the potential advantages of using a wobbling scanning strategy, in order to understand the impact of process strategies on weld bead quality. The importance of process parameter optimization is highlighted for all of the employed strategies, with special emphasis on defects, weld bead chemical composition, joint morphology, and dilution between the materials involved. The findings demonstrate that by introducing filler wire and employing active wobbling, highly reflective alloys can be welded correctly (porosity below 1%, equivalent ultimate strength up to 204 MPa) with good tolerance to variations in process parameters, while filler wire can be excluded in high-productivity welding where linear scanning is employed and detailed optimization of process parameters is performed (porosity below 2%, equivalent ultimate strength up to 190 MPa).
Establishment of a prognostic model based on m6A regulatory factors and stemness of hepatocellular carcinoma using RNA-seq data and scRNA-seq data
Authors: Liang Yan , Chen Sen , Xie Jinghe , Yan Guanrong , Guo Tingting , Li Tianyang , Liu Shoupei , Zeng Weiping , Zhang Shuai , Ma Keqiang , Chen Honglin , Ou Yimeng , Wang Bailin , Gu Weili , Duan Yuyou 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with high incidence and mortality is one of the most common malignant cancers worldwide. Increasing evidence has reported that N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification has been considered as a major contribution to the occurrence and development of tumors.

Method
In our study, we comprehensively analyzed the connection between m6A regulatory factors and cancer stem cells (CSCs) of HCC to establish a clinical tool for predicting its outcome. First, we concluded that the expression level of m6A regulatory factors was related with the stemness of hepatocellular carcinoma. Subsequently, we gained a ten hub regulatory factors that were associated with prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma by overall survival (OS) analysis using ICGC and TCGA datasets, and these regulatory factors included YTHDF1, IGF2BP1, METTL3, IGF2BP3, HNRNPA2B1, IGF2BP2, RBM15B, HNRNPC, RBMX, and LRPPR. Next, we found that these ten hub m6A regulatory factors were highly expressed in CSCs, and CSCs related pathways were also enriched by the gene set variation analysis (GSVA). Then, correlation, consensus clustering and PCA analysis were performed to reveal potential therapeutic benefits of HCC. Moreover, univariate Cox regression (UNICOX), LASSON and multivariate Cox regression (MULTICOX) analyses were adopted to establish HCC prognosis prediction signature.

Results
Four regulatory factors RBM15B, LRPPRC, IGF2BP1, and IGF2BP3 were picked as valuable prognostic indicators.

Conclusion
In summary, these ten hub regulatory factors would be useful therapeutic targets for HCC treatment, and RBM15B/LRPPRC/IGF2BP1/IGF2BP3 prognostic indicators can be used to guide therapy for HCC patients.
Induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes—more show than substance?
Authors: Ormrod Beth , Ehler Elisabeth 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCardiomyocytes that are derived from human-induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC-CM) are an exciting tool to investigate cardiomyopathy disease mechanisms at the cellular level as well as to screen for potential side effects of novel drugs. However, currently their benefit is limited due to their fairly immature differentiation status under conventional culture conditions. This review is mainly aimed at researchers outside of the iPSC-CM field and will describe potential pitfalls and which features at the level of the myofibrils would be desired to make them a more representative model system. We will also discuss different strategies that may help to achieve these.
Do Tobacco Treatment Trials Address Disparities in Smoking Outcomes Among Black and Hispanic Cancer Patients? A Systematic Review of Smoking Cessation Interventions for Black and Hispanic Patients Diagnosed with Cancer
Authors: Perez Giselle K. , Rabin Julia T. , Tandon Megha , Strauss Nicole M. , Irwin Kelly , Philpotts Lisa , Ostroff Jamie , Park Elyse R. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objective
To characterize the representation of Black and Hispanic cancer patients in tobacco treatment trials, and to offer recommendations for future research.

Methods
We conducted two systematic searches of the literature (2018, 2021) using 5 databases (MEDLINE via EBSCO, Pubmed, PsycInfo, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Excerpta Medica Database (EMBASE)) to examine the prevalence of tobacco trials that included Black or Hispanic cancer patients. Two coders independently screened all articles at title, abstract, and full-text to identify eligible trials. Information about the proportion of Black and Hispanic patients included, trial design features, and whether the authors analyzed outcomes for Black and Hispanic patients were documented.

Results
Of 4682 identified studies, only 10 published trials included and reported on the rates of Black or Hispanic cancer patients enrolled in their tobacco trial. The proportion of enrolled Black cancer patients ranged from 2 to 55.6%. Only our studies documented enrollment rates for Hispanics, and rates were less than 6%. None of the studies offered strategies to promote or the accrual of Black or Hispanic patients.

Discussion
There remains a large gap in the literature regarding the reach and efficacy of tobacco treatment for Black and Hispanic cancer patients. Black and Hispanic cancer patients remain largely under-represented in tobacco cessation trials, limiting the applicability of existing, evidence-based treatments. To optimize intervention generalizability, future studies should emphasize the targeted recruitment and engagement of these patients in tobacco trials.
Cutaneous vascular calcifications in patients with chronic kidney disease and calcific uremic arteriolopathy: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Røndbjerg Anne Kristine , Gyldenløve Mette , Krustrup Dorrit , Rix Marianne , Vejborg Ilse , Lonn Lars , Jørgensen Niklas Rye , Pasch Andreas , Skov Lone , Hansen Ditte 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Calcific uremic arteriolopathy is a life-threatening cutaneous condition in patients with chronic kidney disease. Often, clinical diagnosis is accompanied by histopathologic evaluations demonstrating vascular calcium deposits. We aimed to investigate the presence of cutaneous calcifications in non-lesional tissue in patients with chronic kidney disease, and the relation to systemic vascular calcification.

Methods
We investigated the presence of cutaneous vascular calcifications in non-lesional skin biopsies from patients with current or previous calcific uremic arteriolopathy and patients with different stages of chronic kidney disease without calcific uremic arteriolopathy, and explored their association with vascular calcification in other vascular beds. Systemic vascular calcification was examined by mammography and lumbar X-ray.

Results
Thirty-nine adults were enrolled (current or previous calcific uremic arteriolopathy, n = 9; end-stage chronic kidney disease, n = 12; chronic kidney disease stage 3b-4, n = 12; healthy controls, n = 6). All calcific uremic arteriolopathy patients had end-stage kidney disease. Cutaneous vascular calcifications were not present in any of the non-lesional skin punch biopsies. Breast arterial calcification was demonstrated in patients with calcific uremic arteriolopathy (75%) and chronic kidney disease (end-stage 67% and stage 3b-4 25%, respectively), but in none of the controls. All chronic kidney disease patients had systemic calcification on lumbar X-ray (median score 21, 22, and 15 in patients with calcific uremic arteriolopathy, end-stage kidney disease and chronic kidney disease stage 3b-4). The serum calcification propensity was significantly different between groups.

Discussion
Despite a high burden of systemic vascular calcification, cutaneous calcium deposits in non-lesional tissue could not be demonstrated histopathologically in patients with chronic kidney disease (with or without current or previous calcific uremic arteriolopathy). Further studies to determine whether these findings are representative or attributed to other factors are warranted.

Graphical abstract
Relationship between programming stress and residual strain in FDM 4D printing
Authors: Cerbe Ferdinand , Mahlstedt Dominik , Sinapius Michael , Hühne Christian , Böl Markus 
Published: July 2023

Abstract4D printing with fused deposition modeling (FDM) enables the production of smart structures using smart materials that can change their shape over time. During the printing process, stresses are introduced into the structure that are relieved when exposed to an external stimulus, in this case, when raising the temperature above the glass-transition temperature $${T}_{Trans}$$

T

Trans

. This article investigates the relationship between stress and strain during 4D printing. We mounted the print platform on load cells to measure the forces in x-direction during printing. Flat hinges made of PLA are printed and are activated by immersion in hot water, which causes bending of the hinge areas. We varied nozzle temperature, print speed, and melt zone length to investigate their influence on programming force and post-activation curvature. Programming force and curvature translate into stress and strain, when specimen geometry is taken into account. The results are approximated by a linear relationship between programming stress and recovery strain. However, these gradients are different for each printing parameter. Lower nozzle temperature, shorter melt zone and higher print speed all result in higher forces and higher curvatures. However, increasing the forces by raising print speed results in a smaller increase in curvature than when the same increase in force is applied by lowering nozzle temperature. This is partly due to the heating and cooling process of the structure, which in turn depends on the printing parameters.
Influence of print settings on conductivity of 3D printed elastomers with carbon-based fillers
Authors: Glogowsky Alexandra , Korger Michael , Rabe Maike 
Published: July 2023

AbstractFlexible, elastomeric materials for 3D printing have attracted considerable interest due to their potential application in clothing, shoe manufacturing and orthopedics. At the same time, smart clothing is also moving closer to more mainstream applications; as such, it is of considerable interest to combine both the structural and smart functions 3D printing offers in one material. While smart functionalities may be incorporated in a textile in a variety of ways (e.g. using shape-memory polymers), the use of electronic components such as sensors and actuators allow smart response to a multitude of stimuli. This necessitates the use of conductive and flexible materials that offer reliable conductivity after printing and provide optically attractive results. It is known that print conditions influence electrical properties, but while the print parameters are well researched for hard materials, there is not as much research for flexible compounds. Here, we show the influence of print speed, temperature, infill orientation, layer thickness and print mode (i.e. time between printing of successive layers). It was found that the most influential parameters are print mode, infill orientation and print temperature. The differences in electrical properties between the three materials used in this test may be explained by differences in filler content. A preliminary study into the optimization of the shape of a printed conductive line on elastic textile shows that the overall length of the printed path needs to be adapted to the maximum stretch of the textile, while shape has little influence on conductivity.
“How will God hear us?”: Sonic and linguistic difference among Kinshasa’s Églises des Noirs
Authors: Luyckfasseel Margot 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis article studies how anti-Christian, ‘traditionally African’ organizations, locally known as Églises des Noirs, navigate religious competition in the Congolese capital through sonic and linguistic strategies. It focuses on the understudied Mpadist community, a ‘dissident’ branch of the better known Kimbanguist church. Mpadists mobilize diverging appreciations and meanings of sound and language to set themselves apart from the dominant Lingalaphone Pentecostal loudness of the city. In doing so, they pursue a delicate balance between Kongo traditionalism, the source of their spiritual legitimacy, rooted in colonial prophetic movements, and tactics of ‘modern’ community making in order to remain competitive within Kinshasa’s prolific religious setting. The article argues that ideologies of sound and language should be analysed within the same nexus, for they operate and are operationalized in similar ways. It therefore proposes to expand the sociolinguistic notion of indexicality to incorporate elements of the volume and modalities of sound making. The article also shows that sonic and linguistic ideologies are bound by context. In Kinshasa’s ‘low-fi’ soundscape, the indexical values of the languages Kikongo and Lingala, and of unamplified and amplified sound production, share similar features, yet they are evaluated differently in rural ‘hi-fi’ sonic environments.
Molecular characterization of Moniezia denticulata (Rudolphi, 1810) and its distinction from M. expansa infecting sheep and goats raised in the north and north-western regions of India
Authors: Kumar Susheel , Kaur Harpreet 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe tapeworms of Moniezia spp. are heteroxenous parasites and their adult forms occur in ruminants' alimentary tract. They steal a significant portion of hosts' nourishment initiating monieziasis, thereby inflicting economic losses in animal rearing. Despite their high economic importance, the molecular characterization and taxonomic status of these parasites have remained poorly understood. In the present study, cestodes were isolated from the sheep and goats' intestines and were stained with Gower's carmine. Upon careful evaluation of morphological characters, 2 species Moniezia denticulata and Moniezia expansa were identified. The genomic DNA was extracted and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplified targeting regions of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1), small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) and internal transcribed spacer 1–5.8S rRNA (ITS1–5.8S rRNA) genes followed by sequencing. The partial sequences of cox1, SSU rRNA and ITS1–5.8S rRNA genes of M. denticulata generated in the present study revealed that even though they share high similarities with M. benedeni (93.2% cox1; 92.6% SSU rRNA; 84.70% ITS1–5.8S rRNA) and M. expansa (88.85% cox1; 92.27% SSU rRNA; 81.70% ITS1–5.8S rRNA), they are not identical to them. In the maximum likelihood phylogenetic trees, M. denticulata and M. expansa consistently appeared as distinct species from each other. The high values of pairwise divergence between these 2 species collected in the present study confirmed their separate identity. The present study reports the first molecular characterization of M. denticulata with reference to M. expansa infecting sheep and goats in India.
Vaccine adjuvants: mechanisms and platforms
Authors: Zhao Tingmei , Cai Yulong , Jiang Yujie , He Xuemei , Wei Yuquan , Yu Yifan , Tian Xiaohe 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAdjuvants are indispensable components of vaccines. Despite being widely used in vaccines, their action mechanisms are not yet clear. With a greater understanding of the mechanisms by which the innate immune response controls the antigen-specific response, the adjuvants’ action mechanisms are beginning to be elucidated. Adjuvants can be categorized as immunostimulants and delivery systems. Immunostimulants are danger signal molecules that lead to the maturation and activation of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) by targeting Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and other pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) to promote the production of antigen signals and co-stimulatory signals, which in turn enhance the adaptive immune responses. On the other hand, delivery systems are carrier materials that facilitate antigen presentation by prolonging the bioavailability of the loaded antigens, as well as targeting antigens to lymph nodes or APCs. The adjuvants’ action mechanisms are systematically summarized at the beginning of this review. This is followed by an introduction of the mechanisms, properties, and progress of classical vaccine adjuvants. Furthermore, since some of the adjuvants under investigation exhibit greater immune activation potency than classical adjuvants, which could compensate for the deficiencies of classical adjuvants, a summary of the adjuvant platforms under investigation is subsequently presented. Notably, we highlight the different action mechanisms and immunological properties of these adjuvant platforms, which will provide a wide range of options for the rational design of different vaccines. On this basis, this review points out the development prospects of vaccine adjuvants and the problems that should be paid attention to in the future.
A spatially anchored transcriptomic atlas of the human kidney papilla identifies significant immune injury in patients with stone disease
Authors: Canela Victor Hugo , Bowen William S. , Ferreira Ricardo Melo , Syed Farooq , Lingeman James E. , Sabo Angela R. , Barwinska Daria , Winfree Seth , Lake Blue B. , Cheng Ying-Hua , Gaut Joseph P. , Ferkowicz Michael , LaFavers Kaice A. , Zhang Kun , Coe Fredric L. , Worcester Elaine ,   the Kidney Precision Medicine Project, Jain Sanjay , Eadon Michael T. , Williams James C. , El-Achkar Tarek M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractKidney stone disease causes significant morbidity and increases health care utilization. In this work, we decipher the cellular and molecular niche of the human renal papilla in patients with calcium oxalate (CaOx) stone disease and healthy subjects. In addition to identifying cell types important in papillary physiology, we characterize collecting duct cell subtypes and an undifferentiated epithelial cell type that was more prevalent in stone patients. Despite the focal nature of mineral deposition in nephrolithiasis, we uncover a global injury signature characterized by immune activation, oxidative stress and extracellular matrix remodeling. We also identify the association of MMP7 and MMP9 expression with stone disease and mineral deposition, respectively. MMP7 and MMP9 are significantly increased in the urine of patients with CaOx stone disease, and their levels correlate with disease activity. Our results define the spatial molecular landscape and specific pathways contributing to stone-mediated injury in the human papilla and identify associated urinary biomarkers.