bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intensified Competition and The Impact on Credit Ratings in the RMBS market
Authors: van Breemen Vivian M. , Fabozzi Frank J. , Vink Dennis 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we empirically investigate the impact of intensified competition on rating quality in the credit rating market for residential mortgage‐backed securities (RMBS) in the period 2017–2020. We provide evidence that competition between large credit rating agencies (CRAs) (Moody's and Standard & Poor's) and newer smaller ones (Dominion Bond Rating Service Morningstar and Kroll Bond Rating Agency) creates credit rating inconsistencies in the RMBS market. While a credit rating should solely represent the underlying credit risk of a RMBS, irrespective of the competition in the market, our results show that this is not the case. When competitive pressure is higher, both large and small CRAs tend to adjust their rating standards (smaller CRAs react to large CRAs and vice versa).
Maternal epigenetic factors in embryonic and postnatal development
Authors: Nishimura Hiromi , Ikawa Yayoi , Kajikawa Eriko , Shimizu‐Mizuno Natsumi , Hiver Sylvain , Tabata‐Okamoto Namine , Mori Masashi , Kitajima Tomoya , Hayashi Tetsutaro , Yoshimura Mika , Umeda Mana , Nikaido Itoshi , Kurokawa Mineo , Watanabe Toshio , Hamada Hiroshi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMaternal factors present in oocytes and surrounding granulosa cells influence early development of embryos. In this study, we searched for epigenetic regulators that are expressed in oocytes and/or granulosa cells. Some of the 120 epigenetic regulators examined were expressed specifically in oocytes and/or granulosa cells. When their expression was examined in young versus aged oocytes or granulosa cells, many were significantly up‐ or downregulated in aged cells. The maternal role of six genes in development was investigated by generating oocyte‐specific knock‐out (MKO) mice. Two genes (Mllt10,Kdm2b) did not show maternal effects on later development, whereas maternal effects were evident forKdm6a,Kdm4a,Prdm3, andPrdm16for MKO female mice. Offspring fromKdm6aMKO mice underwent perinatal lethality at a higher rate. Pups derived fromPrdm3;Prdm16double MKO showed a higher incidence of postnatal death. Finally, embryos derived fromKdm4aMKO mice showed early developmental defects as early as the peri‐implantation stage. These results suggest that many of maternal epigenetic regulators undergo differential expression upon aging. Some, such as Kdm4a, Kdm6a, Prdm3, and Prdm16, have maternal role in later embryonic or postnatal development.
WITH SPLINTERS (OR STARS) IN OUR EYES: ON READING THE FRANKFURT SCHOOL WITH MARTIN JAY
Authors: Ball Karyn 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTThis mostly admiring review article focuses on Martin Jay's 2020 essay collection entitled Splinters in Your Eye: Frankfurt School Provocations. Though it highlights details and insights from nearly every essay in the collection, the review devotes significant attention to chapter 4, which focuses on the relationship of the Frankfurt School's first‐generation scholars with Sigmund Freud. The departure point for my engagement with Jay's fourth chapter is the translation of the German word Trieb (drive) as “instinct” throughout The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud. Although Jay's treatment of Max Horkheimer's, Theodor W. Adorno's, and Herbert Marcuse's recourses to Freudian psychoanalysis emphasizes their abiding commitment to Freud's theory of instinctual forces (over and against objections to his biologism), the question of whether a drive differs from an instinct does not arise. This question therefore offers an occasion to speculate on how distinguishing more firmly between instinct and drive might matter for the Frankfurt School's opposition between first and second nature. Though I praise Jay's decision to include a chapter on Miriam Hansen's Benjaminian revision of the public sphere, I also criticize his practice, in this volume at least, of consigning most scholarship authored by women to the endnotes rather than engaging with it in the main text.
Effect of ceramic matrix compositions on pore structure and properties of lightweight foamed ceramics
Authors: Wang Yuzheng , Zhou Miao , Li Laishi , Wu Yusheng , Xu Pengchen , Ma Minglong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFoamed ceramics were prepared with polishing slag and shale as raw materials. According to the phase diagram of CaO‐MgO‐Al2O3‐SiO2, a reasonable composition system was designed to obtain foamed ceramics with good property. The related properties of foamed ceramics were characterized by X‐ray fluorescence, X‐ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis/differential scanning calorimetry, field emission scanning electron microscopy, energy disperse spectroscopy, etc. The results indicate that, when the amount of polishing slag and shale are 30% and 60% respectively, foamed ceramic with bulk density of 0.225 g·cm−3 has good compressive strength and thermal conductivity, which are 1.95 MPa and 0.065 W/m·K, respectively. The element compositions of the matrix materials affect the melt viscosity, resulting in glass phase separation and the crystallization. The main phases of the foamed ceramics are anorthite CaSi2Al2O8, spinel MgAl2O4 and spinel Mg(Al, Fe)2O4. The internal relationship among melt, pores, and crystal precipitates was discussed.
Central venous access device practice across haematology and oncology centres in Australia and New Zealand: a cross‐sectional survey
Authors: Yuen Hiu L. A. , Weinkove Robert , Ullman Amanda , Marsh Nicole , Rickard Claire M. , Chunilal Sanjeev , McQuilten Zoe 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCentral venous access devices (CVADs) are commonly used in malignancies. We conducted an online, anonymous cross‐sectional survey of practice regarding CVAD management in haematology centres among clinicians in Australia and New Zealand. We identified variation in clinical practice regarding CVAD selection, insertion, management and removal. These findings highlight research gaps in CVAD care.
Five decades of CPS wages, methods, and union‐nonunion wage gaps at Unionstats.com
Authors: Macpherson David A. , Hirsch Barry T. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractUnionstats.com provides annual measures of union, nonunion, and overall wages, beginning in 1973, compiled from the U.S. Current Population Surveys. Regression‐based union wage gap estimates are presented economy‐wide, for demographic groups, and sectors (private/public, industries). Union wage gaps are higher in the private than in the public sector, higher for men than women, roughly similar for black and white men, and much higher for Hispanic men than for Hispanic women. The database is updated annually.
Patient perceptions and understanding of pressure ulcer risk in the community: Empirical Research Qualitative
Authors: Ledger Lisa Jayne , Worsley Peter R. , Hope Jo , Schoonhoven Lisette 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimsTo explore patient perceptions and understanding of their pressure ulcer risk and how information is communicated between a nurse and patient in the home setting.DesignA pragmatic qualitative research design including community‐dwelling patients, who were deemed at risk of developing a pressure ulcer.MethodsObservation of routine interactions between nurse and patient regarding their pressure ulcer risk and semi‐structured interviews with 15 community patients following the nursing interaction.ResultsFour key overarching themes emerged from the data analysis that were related to patient perceptions and understanding of pressure ulcer risk. These included Pressure Ulcer Awareness, Importance of Repositioning, Healthy Eating and Risk Interpretation.ConclusionPatient perception and understanding of pressure ulcer risk is different from the scientific, professional view. Patient risk perception was based on heuristics and wider personal factors and social influences.ImpactThe study provides important new insights into clinical practice in relation to how pressure ulcer advice and information are provided and interpreted in the community setting.Reporting MethodAdhered to the Standards for Reporting Qualitative Research (SRQR)Patient or Public ContributionA small selection of patients within the NHS Trust in which the research was conducted contributed to the design of the study, in particular some of the interview questions and timing.
A demographic and qualitative analysis of the determinants of success in a National Supported Employment project
Authors: Vigna Elisa , Beyer Stephen , Meek Andrea 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundPeople with an intellectual disability and/or autism experience low employment rates compared to the general population. This study shows what the determinants of success are in getting this group of young people into paid employment.MethodThe research is based on data collected on 1008 young people, aged 16–25, participating in the Engage to Change project across Wales, to support young people to achieve employment. A real‐time data collection system was used from their engagement and throughout their journey to employment.ResultsThis research indicates an overall employment rate of 23% for the project to date, based on total referral. Young people who engaged in ‘significant work experience’, such as paid placement or supported internship, had a greater employment rate of 37%.ConclusionPrevious and current real work experiences increased the chances of young people of becoming employed, above the effect of supported employment and job coach support.
Comparison of the relation of the ESC 2021 and ESC 2013 definitions of left bundle branch block with clinical and echocardiographic outcome in cardiac resynchronization therapy
Authors: Rijks Jesse , Ghossein Mohammed A. , Wouters Philippe C. , Dural Muhammet , Maass Alexander H. , Meine Mathias , Kloosterman Mariëlle , Luermans Justin , Prinzen Frits W. , Vernooy Kevin , van Stipdonk Antonius M. W. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroductionWe aimed to investigate the impact of the 2021 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guideline changes in left bundle branch block (LBBB) definition on cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) patient selection and outcomes.MethodsThe MUG (Maastricht, Utrecht, Groningen) registry, consisting of consecutive patients implanted with a CRT device between 2001 and 2015 was studied. For this study, patients with baseline sinus rhythm and QRS duration ≥ 130ms were eligible. Patients were classified according to ESC 2013 and 2021 guideline LBBB definitions and QRS duration. Endpoints were heart transplantation, LVAD implantation or mortality (HTx/LVAD/mortality) and echocardiographic response (LVESV reduction ≥15%).ResultsThe analyses included 1.202, typical CRT patients. The ESC 2021 definition resulted in considerably less LBBB diagnoses compared to the 2013 definition (31.6% vs. 80.9%, respectively). Applying the 2013 definition resulted in significant separation of the Kaplan–Meier curves of HTx/LVAD/mortality (p < .0001). A significantly higher echocardiographic response rate was found in the LBBB compared to the non‐LBBB group using the 2013 definition. These differences in HTx/LVAD/mortality and echocardiographic response were not found when applying the 2021 definition.ConclusionThe ESC 2021 LBBB definition leads to a considerably lower percentage of patients with baseline LBBB then the ESC 2013 definition. This does not lead to better differentiation of CRT responders, nor does this lead to a stronger association with clinical outcomes after CRT. In fact, stratification according to the 2021 definition is not associated with a difference in clinical or echocardiographic outcome, implying that the guideline changes may negatively influence CRT implantation practice with a weakened recommendation in patients that will benefit from CRT.
Qualitative genogram analysis: A methodology for theorizing family dynamics
Authors: Puhlman Daniel , Shigeto Aya , Murillo‐Borjas Gustavo A. , Maurya Rakesh Kumar , Vincenti Virginia B. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractGenograms have been an important tool for clinicians and therapists working with families; however, the use of genograms has not been extended beyond clinical settings. To address this gap in research, we developed qualitative genogram analysis (QGA), a three‐step protocol for analyzing transcribed interviews using family systems theory, representing family systems relational concepts visually in genograms, and identifying common patterns of family dynamics that emerged from these visualizations across families. We present the QGA protocol using interviews with family members who experienced elder family financial exploitation. This innovative use of genograms as part of an analytical process allows researchers to theorize family systems in innovative ways and go beyond examining each family relationship as a “variable” and look at relationship dynamics systemically and wholistically across families.
The Role of Money in Monetary Policy at the Lower Bound
Authors: BILLI ROBERTO M. , SÖDERSTRÖM ULF , WALSH CARL E. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn light of the current low‐interest‐rate environment, we reconsider the merits of strict money growth targeting (MGT) relative to conventional inflation targeting (IT) and to price level targeting (PLT). We evaluate these policies in terms of social welfare through the lens of a New Keynesian model and accounting for a zero lower bound (ZLB) constraint on the nominal interest rate. Although MGT makes monetary policy vulnerable to money demand shocks, MGT contributes to achieving price level stationarity and significantly reduces the incidence and severity of the ZLB relative to both IT and PLT. Furthermore, MGT lessens the need for fiscal expansions to supplement monetary policy in fighting recessions.
Beta 3‐adrenoceptor agonism ameliorates early‐life stress‐induced visceral hypersensitivity in male rats
Authors: Collins James M. , Hyland Niall P. , Clarke Gerard , Fitzgerald Patrick , Julio‐Pieper Marcela , Bulmer David C. , Dinan Timothy G. , Cryan John F. , O'Mahony Siobhain M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractVisceral hypersensitivity, a hallmark of disorders of the gut‐brain axis, is associated with exposure to early‐life stress (ELS). Activation of neuronal β3‐adrenoceptors (AR) has been shown to alter central and peripheral levels of tryptophan and reduce visceral hypersensitivity. In this study, we aimed to determine the potential of a β3‐AR agonist in reducing ELS‐induced visceral hypersensitivity and possible underlying mechanisms. Here, ELS was induced using the maternal separation (MS) model, where Sprague Dawley rat pups were separated from their mother in early life (postnatal day 2–12). Visceral hypersensitivity was confirmed in adult offspring using colorectal distension (CRD). CL‐316243, a β3‐AR agonist, was administered to determine anti‐nociceptive effects against CRD. Distension‐induced enteric neuronal activation as well as colonic secretomotor function were assessed. Tryptophan metabolism was determined both centrally and peripherally. For the first time, we showed that CL‐316243 significantly ameliorated MS‐induced visceral hypersensitivity. Furthermore, MS altered plasma tryptophan metabolism and colonic adrenergic tone, while CL‐316243 reduced both central and peripheral levels of tryptophan and affected secretomotor activity in the presence of tetrodotoxin. This study supports the beneficial role of CL‐316243 in reducing ELS‐induced visceral hypersensitivity, and suggests that targeting the β3‐AR can significantly influence gut‐brain axis activity through modulation of enteric neuronal activation, tryptophan metabolism, and colonic secretomotor activity which may synergistically contribute to offsetting the effects of ELS.image
Human genetic and immunological determinants of SARS‐CoV‐2 and Epstein–Barr virus diseases in childhood: Insightful contrasts
Authors: Pan‐Hammarström Qiang , Casanova Jean‐Laurent 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThere is growing evidence to suggest that severe disease in children infected with common viruses that are typically benign in other children can result from inborn errors of immunity or their phenocopies. Infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), a cytolytic respiratory RNA virus, can lead to acute hypoxemic COVID‐19 pneumonia in children with inborn errors of type I interferon (IFN) immunity or autoantibodies against IFNs. These patients do not appear to be prone to severe disease during infection with Epstein–Barr virus (EBV), a leukocyte‐tropic DNA virus that can establish latency. By contrast, various forms of severe EBV disease, ranging from acute hemophagocytosis to chronic or long‐term illnesses, such as agammaglobulinemia and lymphoma, can manifest in children with inborn errors disrupting specific molecular bridges involved in the control of EBV‐infected B cells by cytotoxic T cells. The patients with these disorders do not seem to be prone to severe COVID‐19 pneumonia. These experiments of nature reveal surprising levels of redundancy of two different arms of immunity, with type I IFN being essential for host defense against SARS‐CoV‐2 in respiratory epithelial cells, and certain surface molecules on cytotoxic T cells essential for host defense against EBV in B lymphocytes.
Informatics approaches to improve the quality of dental care
Authors: Walji Muhammad F. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDespite technological advances, challenges exist in US dental care, including variations in quality of care, access and untreated dental needs. The implementation of learning health systems (LHSs) in dentistry can help to address these challenges. LHSs use robust informatics infrastructure including data and technology to continuously measure and improve the quality and safety of care and can help to reduce costs and improve patient outcomes. The use of EHRs and standardized diagnostic terminologies are highlighted, as they allow for the storage and sharing of patient data, providing a comprehensive view of a patient's medical and dental history, and can be used to identify patterns and trends to improve the delivery of care. The BigMouth Dental Data Repository is an example of an informatic platform that aggregates patient data from multiple institutions and is being used to for scientific inquiry to improve oral health.
Genome‐wide identification and characterization of tomato 14‐3‐3 (SlTFT) genes and functional analysis of SlTFT6 under heat stress
Authors: Liang Yunfei , Ma Fang , Zhang Ruili , Li Wenyu , Dang Jiao , Su Huai , Li Boyu , Hu Tixu , Zhang Mingke , Liang Yan , Zhan Xiangqiang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe plant 14‐3‐3 proteins are essential for many biological processes and responses to abiotic stress. We performed genome‐wide identification and analysis of the 14‐3‐3 family genes in tomato. To explore the properties of the thirteen Sl14‐3‐3 found in the tomato genome, their chromosomal location, phylogenetic, and syntenic relationships were analyzed. The Sl14‐3‐3 promoters were found to have a number of growth‐, hormone‐, and stress‐responsive cis‐regulatory elements. Moreover, the qRT‐PCR assay revealed that Sl14‐3‐3 genes are responsive to heat and osmotic stress. Subcellular localization experiments evidenced that the SlTFT3/6/10 proteins occur in the nucleus and cytoplasm Additional analysis on Sl14‐3‐3 putative interactor proteins revealed a number of prospective clients that potentially participate in stress reactions and developmental processes. Furthermore, overexpression of an Sl14‐3‐3 family gene, SlTFT6, improved tomato plants thermotolerance. Taken together, the study provides basic information on tomato 14‐3‐3 family genes in plant growth and abiotic stress response (high temperature stress), which can be helpful to further study the underlying molecular mechanisms.
Learning of new associations invokes a major change in modulations of cortical beta oscillations in human adults
Authors: Pavlova Anna , Tyulenev Nikita , Tretyakova Vera , Skavronskaya Valeriya , Nikolaeva Anastasia , Prokofyev Andrey , Stroganova Tatiana , Chernyshev Boris 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLarge‐scale cortical beta (β) oscillations were implicated in the learning processes, but their exact role is debated. We used MEG to explore the dynamics of movement‐related β‐oscillations while 22 adults learned, through trial and error, novel associations between four auditory pseudowords and movements of four limbs. As learning proceeded, spatial–temporal characteristics of β‐oscillations accompanying cue‐triggered movements underwent a major transition. Early in learning, widespread suppression of β‐power occurred long before movement initiation and sustained throughout the whole behavioral trial. When learning advanced and performance reached asymptote, β‐suppression after the initiation of correct motor response was replaced by a rise in β‐power mainly in the prefrontal and medial temporal regions of the left hemisphere. This post‐decision β‐power predicted trial‐by‐trial response times (RT) at both stages of learning (before and after the rules become familiar), but with different signs of interaction. When a subject just started to acquire associative rules and gradually improved task performance, a decrease in RT correlated with the increase in the post‐decision β‐band power. When the participants implemented the already acquired rules, faster (more confident) responses were associated with the weaker post‐decision β‐band synchronization. Our findings suggest that maximal beta activity is pertinent to a distinct stage of learning and may serve to strengthen the newly learned association in a distributed memory network.
Pupil dilation tracks divergent learning processes in aware versus unaware Pavlovian conditioning
Authors: Finke Johannes B. , Stalder Tobias , Klucken Tim 
Published: March 2023

AbstractEvidence regarding unaware differential fear conditioning in humans is mixed and even less is known about the effects of contingency awareness on appetitive conditioning. Phasic pupil dilation responses (PDR) might be more sensitive for capturing implicit learning than other measures, such as skin conductance responses (SCR). Here, we report data from two delay conditioning experiments utilizing PDR (alongside SCR and subjective assessments) to investigate the role of contingency awareness in aversive and appetitive conditioning. In both experiments, valence of unconditioned stimuli (UCS) was varied within participants by administering aversive (mild electric shocks) and appetitive UCSs (monetary rewards). Preceding visual stimuli (CSs) predicted either the reward, the shock (65% reinforcement), or neither UCS. In Exp. 1, participants were fully instructed about CS‐UCS contingencies, whereas in Exp. 2, no such information was given. PDR and SCR demonstrated successful differential conditioning in Exp. 1 and in (learned) aware participants in Exp. 2. In non‐instructed participants who remained fully unaware of contingencies (Exp. 2), differential modulation of early PDR (immediately after CS onset) by appetitive cues emerged. Associations with model‐derived learning parameters further suggest that early PDR in unaware participants mainly reflect implicit learning of expected outcome value, whereas early PDR in aware (instructed/learned‐aware) participants presumably index attentional processes (related to uncertainty/prediction error processing). Similar, but less clear results emerged for later PDR (preceding UCS onset). Our data argue in favor of a dual‐process account of associative learning, suggesting that value‐related processing can take place irrespective of mechanisms involved in conscious memory formation.