bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design and Synthesis of Cabazitaxel Loaded Core‐Shell Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles with Different Morphologies for Prostate Cancer Therapy
Authors: Mohanan Shan , Sathish CI , Ramadass Kavitha , Liang Mingtao , Vinu Ajayan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this work, the synthesis of core‐shell ordered mesoporous silica nanoparticles (CSMS) with tunable particle size and shape through a dual surfactant‐assisted approach is demonstrated. By varying the synthesis conditions, including the type of the solvent and the concentration of the surfactant, monodispersed and ordered mesoporous silica nanoparticles with tunable particle size (140–600 nm) and morphologies (hexagonal prism (HP), oblong, spherical, and hollow‐core) can be realized. Comparative studies of the Cabazitaxel (CBZ)‐loaded HP and spherical‐shaped CSMS are conducted to evaluate their drug delivery efficiency to PC3 (prostate cancer) cell lines. These nanoparticles showed good biocompatibility and displayed a faster drug release at acidic pH than at basic pH. The cellular uptake of CSMS measured using confocal microscopy, flow cytometry, microplate reader, and ICP‐MS (inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry) techniques in PC3 cell lines revealed a better uptake of CSMS with HP morphology than its spherical counterparts. Cytotoxicity study showed that the anticancer activity of CBZ is improved with a higher free radical production when loaded onto CSMS. These unique materials with tunable morphology can serve as an excellent drug delivery system and will have potential applications for treating various cancers.
Woodborers in Forest Stands
Authors: Dodds Kevin J. , Sweeney Jon , Allison Jeremy D. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWoodborers are an ecologically important guild in forested ecosystems and include Buprestidae, Cerambycidae, and Siricidae. Members of these families contribute to various ecological processes including nutrient cycling and forest succession, and are also important components of food webs. Most woodborers encountered in forests are secondary species that rarely kill trees, however, important invasive species like Asian longhorned beetle, emerald ash borer, and Sirex noctilio can have broad ranging impacts on urban, managed, and natural forests. This chapter provides a broad overview of three woodborer families, including information on natural history, abiotic and biotic population regulation factors, ecological roles, chemical ecology, management, and a brief overview of economically important species.
Gall Formers
Authors: Hurley Brett P. , Dittrich-Schröder Gudrun , Gevers Caitlin R. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractGall formers are among the most highly evolved herbivores. Several organisms induce gall formation including viruses, bacteria, mites and nematodes. Insects are one of the most dominant gall-forming groups, with estimates ranging from 21,000 to 211,000 species (Ciesla, Forest Entomology: a global perspective, John Wiley & Sons, West Sussex, 2011).
Forest Insect Population Dynamics
Authors: Garnas Jeff R. , Ayres Matthew P. , Lombardero Maria J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMost insect species are rare most of the time, but populations of certain taxa exhibit dramatic fluctuations in abundance across years. These fluctuations range from highly regular, cyclical dynamics to mathematical chaos. Peaks in abundance, or “population outbreaks” are notable both for the damage they can cause in natural and planted forests and for the rich body of research and theory they have inspired focused on elucidating drivers of population fluctuations across time and space. This chapter explores some of the key mechanisms that explain the population dynamics of outbreaking species, including variation in intrinsic growth rates, lagged endogenous feedbacks linked to top-down and/or bottom-up effects, nonlinearities in the density dependent relationship, and the existence of multiple stable and unstable equilibria, among others. We explore some basic mathematical and graphical approaches to modeling and representing these dynamics and provide a suite of empirical examples from the recent and historical literature.
Insects and Forest Succession
Authors: Thomas Sean C. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThere is a long-standing, even ancient, belief in Western thought that forests, particularly unmanaged forests relatively free from obvious human impacts, are never-changing; this is the connotation of the German word “urwald” or “original forest” that influenced early thinking on forests from the origins of the emerging scientific disciplines of forestry and ecology in the 1800s. However, all forests, including extant ancient forests, are in fact in a state of flux.
Spatiotemporal Variability of Urban Greenspace and Surface Temperature in Dhaka City: A Public Health Aspect
Authors: Nahin Khadiza Tul Kobra , Sara Hasna Hena , Barai Krishna Rani , Quayyum Zahidul , Baumgartner Jill 
Published: June 2023

AbstractUrban greenspaces can affect the physical and mental health of city residents and they can also contribute to improving urban environmental quality in ways that can benefit human health. Dhaka, a megacity with over 22.4 million residents, has progressively lost its greenspace over the past decade as the city has grown and urbanised. This study evaluates the availability and accessibility of greenspace considering its population and residential areas, as well as assessing the changes to greenspace in the last 30 years throughout the city. We utilized secondary data from the 2011 Census and areal imagery to perform the analysis for city wards, the smallest administrative unit, using ArcGIS software. We generated geospatial maps of greenspace distribution and accessibility as well as vegetation, land surface temperature and humidity in different years. Accessibility to greenspace was measured with 100-meter and 300-meter buffer zones, and a total of 56.5 square kilometers area of 77.47 square kilometers of residential area fell under these territories. Changes in vegetation were obtained using Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) for the years 1990, 2000, 2010, and 2020, and a high level of loss in vegetation was observed. Land Surface Temperature (LST) and Normalized Difference Moisture Index (NDMI) were used to assess the temperature and humidity for the same years. We measured that Dhaka has 2.24% greenspace coverage and only 2 wards out of 110 have greater than 20% greenspace coverage. A highest estimate of 0.003207 square meter per capita greenspace was found at ward-46, which does not even meet the minimum health standard. Increased temperature and decreased humidity were observed in Dhaka city from 1990 to 2020, in a level that may adversely impact on the city population’s public health. We found a high correlation between NDVI with LST and NDMI. In 49% of wards, vegetation and humidity decreased, whereas temperature increased. This study provides noteworthy information on the lack of greenspace throughout Dhaka city. The spatial distribution of greenspace provided in the study has the potential to be useful in taking measures for improving sustainable greenery management in the city area and the health of Dhaka’s growing population.
Grundlagen
Authors: Krohn Markus 
Published: June 2023

ZusammenfassungVerfahren der Nierenersatztherapie dienen der Behandlung des Nierenversagens. Wird nach der Geschwindigkeit des Krankheitsverlaufs differenziert, ergibt sich die Unterscheidung zwischen chronischer Niereninsuffizienz und akutem Nierenversagen. Wird nach dem Schweregrad unterschieden, ergibt sich die Einteilung zwischen präterminaler sowie terminaler Insuffizienz, wobei im terminalen Stadium Verfahren der Nierenersatztherapie notwendig sind um das Überleben des Patienten zu sichern.
Fazit
Authors: Krohn Markus 
Published: June 2023

ZusammenfassungDem Ziel der Bildung homogener Gruppen folgend – so wie es die Grundintention von Fallpauschalensystemen ist – hat die vorliegende Arbeit am Beispiel extrakorporaler Verfahren der Nierenersatztherapie aufgezeigt, wie Kosten für einzelne Verfahrensoptionen bei unterschiedlichem Differenzierungsgrad berechnet werden können. Es wurde deutlich, dass die Ansätze und Vorgaben der heutigen Methodik der Kostenkalkulation die Realität in einem deutlichen Maße abstrahieren. Eine solche Vereinfachung der Realität ist jedoch unvermeidlich, denn Gruppenbildung – egal wie differenziert diese sein mag – bedeutet immer ein Zusammenfassen ungleicher Werte.
Current Housing Provision
Authors: Moore Trivess , Doyon Andréanne 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this chapter, we explore current housing provision and outline how we have arrived at the current way of ‘doing’ housing, including the governing, financing, planning, designing, building, and habitation of housing. We start the chapter by discussing the market failures of housing and neo-classical market approaches that are not suitable for providing the type of sustainable housing required for achieving a low carbon future. To address this, the use of policy by government in many parts of the world has been a critical driver of housing design, quality, and performance. However, many sustainability advocates argue that these policies have been slow to improve and do not go far enough, given the current climate emergency and other housing issues seen around the world. We discuss some of these key policy mechanisms, including setting and improving minimum performance requirements in building codes, using planning systems to require additional sustainability standards, and developing financial and other alternative mechanisms. This discussion sets the context for later chapters where we explore the range of challenges facing the housing sector and discuss current best practice in sustainable housing and policy.
Measurement of the branching fraction of J/ψ → ρπ at KEDR
Authors:   The KEDR collaboration, Anashin V. V. , Anchugov O. V. , Andrianov A. V. , Astrelina K. V. , Aulchenko V. M. , Baldin E. M. , Baranov G. N. , Barladyan A. K. , Barnyakov A. Yu. , Barnyakov M. Yu. , Basok I. Yu. , Batrakov A. M. , Bekhtenev E. A. , Belikov O. V. , Berkaev D. E. , Blinov A. E. , Blinov V. E. , Blinov M. F. , Bobrov A. V. , Bobrovnikov V. S. , Bogomyagkov A. V. , Bolkhovityanov D. Yu. , Bondar A. E. , Buzykaev A. R. , Cheblakov P. B. , Dorohov V. L. , Emanov F. A. , Gambaryan V. V. , Grigoriev D. N. , Kaminskiy V. V. , Karnaev S. E. , Karpov G. V. , Karpov S. V. , Karukina K. Yu. , Kashtankin D. P. , Kasyanenko P. V. , Katcin A. A. , Kharlamova T. A. , Kiselev V. A. , Kononov S. A. , Krasnov A. A. , Kravchenko E. A. , Kudryavtsev V. N. , Kulikov V. F. , Kuyanov I. A. , Levichev E. B. , Logachev P. V. , Maksimov D. A. , Maltseva Yu. I. , Malyshev V. M. , Maslennikov A. L. , Meshkov O. I. , Mishnev S. I. , Morozov I. A. , Morozov I. I. , Nikiforov D. A. , Nikitin S. A. , Nikolaev I. B. , Okunev I. N. , Oreshkin S. B. , Osipov A. A. , Ovtin I. V. , Pavlenko A. V. , Peleganchuk S. V. , Piminov P. A. , Podgornov N. A. , Prisekin V. G. , Rezanova O. L. , Ruban A. A. , Savinov G. A. , Shamov A. G. , Shekhtman L. I. , Shvedov D. A. , Shwartz B. A. , Simonov E. A. , Sinyatkin S. V. , Skrinsky A. N. , Sokolov A. V. , Starostina E. V. , Sukhanov D. P. , Sukharev A. M. , Talyshev A. A. , Tayursky V. A. , Telnov V. I. , Tikhonov Yu. A. , Todyshev K. Yu. , Tribendis A. G. , Tumaikin G. M. , Usov Yu. V. , Vorobiov A. I. , Zhilich V. N. , Zhukov A. A. , Zhulanov V. V. , Zhuravlev A. N. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
We present the study of the decay J/ψ → ρπ. The results are based on of 5.2 million J/ψ events collected by the KEDR detector at the VEPP-4M collider. The branching fractions are measured to be $$ \mathcal{B} $$
B
(J/ψ → ρπ) = (2.072 ± 0.017 ± 0.062) ∙ 10−2 and $$ \mathcal{B} $$
B
(J/ψ → π+π−π0) = (1.878 ± 0.013 ± 0.051) ∙ 10−2, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second systematic. Our results are more precise than the previous relative measurements.
Development of patient-specific osteosynthesis including 3D-printed drilling guides for medial tibial plateau fracture surgery
Authors: Assink Nick , Oldhoff Miriam G. E. , ten Duis Kaj , Kraeima Joep , Doornberg Job N. , Witjes Max J. H. , de Vries Jean-Paul P. M. , Meesters Anne M. L. , IJpma Frank F. A. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose
A substantial proportion of conventional tibial plateau plates have a poor fit, which may result in suboptimal fracture reduction due to applied -uncontrolled- compression on the bone. This study aimed to assess whether patient-specific osteosyntheses could facilitate proper fracture reduction in medial tibial plateau fractures.

Methods

In three Thiel embalmed human cadavers, a total of six tibial plateau fractures (three Schatzker 4, and three Schatzker 6) were created and CT scans were made. A 3D surgical plan was created and a patient-specific implant was designed and fabricated for each fracture. Drilling guides that fitted on top of the customized plates were designed and 3D printed in order to assist the surgeon in positioning the plate and steering the screws in the preplanned direction. After surgery, a postoperative CT scan was obtained and outcome was compared with the preoperative planning in terms of articular reduction, plate positioning, and screw direction.

Results

A total of six patient-specific implants including 41 screws were used to operate six tibial plateau fractures. Three fractures were treated with single plating, and three fractures with dual plating. The median intra-articular gap was reduced from 6.0 (IQR 4.5–9.5) to 0.9 mm (IQR 0.2–1.4), whereas the median step-off was reduced from 4.8 (IQR 4.1–5.3) to 1.3 mm (IQR 0.9–1.5). The median Euclidean distance between the centre of gravity of the planned and actual implant was 3.0 mm (IQR: 2.8–3.7). The lengths of the screws were according to the predetermined plan. None of the screws led to screw penetration. The median difference between the planned and actual screw direction was 3.3° (IQR: 2.5–5.1).

Conclusion
This feasibility study described the development and implementation of a patient-specific workflow for medial tibial plateau fracture surgery that facilitates proper fracture reduction, tibial alignment and accurately placed screws by using custom-made osteosynthesis plates with drilling guides.
Nutzung von Routinedaten unterschiedlicher gesetzlicher Krankenkassen: Ein Erfahrungsbericht aus der TIM-HF2-Studie zur Datenerschließung, -validierung und -aufbereitung
Authors: Winkler Hanna , Koehler Friedrich , Reinhold Thomas , Willich Stefan N. , Prescher Sandra 
Published: June 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Im Rahmen der randomisierten, kontrollierten und klinischen Studie „TIM-HF2“ wurde der Nutzen von Telemonitoring bei chronischer Herzinsuffizienz untersucht. Die gesundheitsökonomische Evaluation dieser Intervention basierte auf Routinedaten von gesetzlichen Krankenkassen. Da die Teilnehmenden unabhängig von ihrer Krankenkassenzugehörigkeit rekrutiert wurden, ergab sich eine Vielzahl von potenziellen datenliefernden Krankenkassen. Daraus resultierten sowohl organisatorische als auch methodische Herausforderungen von der Mitwirkung der Datengeber bis hin zur Datenaufbereitung.

Methode
Von der Studienplanung über die Datenakquise bis hin zur Datenprüfung und -aufbereitung wird die konkrete Vorgehensweise in der TIM-HF2-Studie beschrieben. Es werden mögliche Probleme für die Datenvollständigkeit und Datenqualität identifiziert und erfolgte Lösungsansätze dargestellt.

Ergebnisse
Insgesamt waren die Teilnehmenden bei 49 unterschiedlichen gesetzlichen Krankenkassen versichert, die für insgesamt 1450 Teilnehmende Routinedaten lieferten. Etwa die Hälfte aller initialen Datenlieferungen erfolgte korrekt. Die häufigsten Probleme in der Datenaufbereitung traten bei der maschinellen Lesbarkeit der Daten auf. Erfolgsfaktoren für eine hohe Datenvollständigkeit waren die engmaschige Kommunikation mit den datenliefernden Krankenkassen sowie ein hoher zeitlicher und personeller Einsatz für intensive Datenprüfung und -aufbereitung.

Diskussion
Basierend auf den Erfahrungen der TIM-HF2-Studie ist eine große Heterogenität in der Vorhaltung und Übermittlung von Routinedaten erkennbar. Für einen effizienteren Datenzugang, zur Verbesserung der Datenqualität und zur schnelleren Nutzbarkeit für Forschungszwecke wäre eine allgemeingültige Datenbeschreibung wünschenswert.
Point-of-care diagnostics for rapid determination of prostate cancer biomarker sarcosine: application of disposable potentiometric sensor based on oxide-conductive polymer nanocomposite
Authors: Yamani Hend Z. , Safwat Nardine , Mahmoud Amr M. , Ayad Miriam F. , Abdel-Ghany Maha F. , Gomaa Mohammed M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractOne of the most important reasons for an increased mortality rate of cancer is late diagnosis. Point-of-care (POC) diagnostic sensors can provide rapid and cost-effective diagnosis and monitoring of cancer biomarkers. Portable, disposable, and sensitive sarcosine solid-contact ion-selective potentiometric sensors (SC-ISEs) were fabricated as POC analyzers for the rapid determination of the prostate cancer biomarker sarcosine. Tungsten trioxide nanoparticles (WO3 NPs), polyaniline nanoparticles (PANI NPs), and PANI-WO3 nanocomposite were used as ion-to-electron transducers on screen-printed sensors. WO3 NPs and PANI-WO3 nanocomposite have not been investigated before as ion-to-electron transducer layers in potentiometric SC sensors. The designated sensors were characterized using SEM, XRD, FTIR, UV-VIS spectroscopy, and EIS. The inclusion of WO3 and PANI in SC sensors enhanced the transduction at the interface between the screen-printed SC and the ion-selective membrane, offering lower potential drift, a longer lifetime, shorter response time, and better sensitivity. The proposed sarcosine sensors exhibited Nernstian slopes over linear response ranges 10−3–10−7 M, 10−3–10−8 M, 10−5–10−9 M, and 10−7–10−12 M for control, WO3 NPs, PANI NPs, and PANI-WO3 nanocomposite-based sensors, respectively. From a comparative point of view between the four sensors, PANI-WO3 nanocomposite inclusion offered the lowest potential drift (0.5 mV h−1), the longest lifetime (4 months), and the best LOD (9.95 × 10−13 M). The proposed sensors were successfully applied to determine sarcosine as a potential prostate cancer biomarker in urine without prior sample treatment steps. The WHO ASSURED criteria for point-of-care diagnostics are met by the proposed sensors.

Graphical abstract
A Lie Bracket for the Momentum Kernel
Authors: Frost Hadleigh , Mafra Carlos R. , Mason Lionel 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe prove results for the study of the double copy and tree-level colour/kinematics duality for tree-level scattering amplitudes using the properties of Lie polynomials. We show that the ‘S-map’ that was defined to simplify super-Yang–Mills multiparticle superfields is in fact a Lie bracket. A generalized KLT map from Lie polynomials to their dual is obtained by studying our new Lie bracket; the matrix elements of this map yield a recently proposed ‘generalized KLT matrix’, and this reduces to the usual KLT matrix when its entries are restricted to a basis. Using this, we give an algebraic proof for the cancellation of double poles in the KLT formula for gravity amplitudes. We further study Berends–Giele recursion for biadjoint scalar tree amplitudes that take values in Lie polynomials. Field theory amplitudes are obtained from these ‘Lie polynomial amplitudes’ using numerators characterized as homomorphisms from the free Lie algebra to kinematic data. Examples are presented for the biadjoint scalar, Yang–Mills theory and the nonlinear sigma model. That these theories satisfy the Bern–Carrasco–Johansson amplitude relations follows from the structural properties of Lie polynomial amplitudes that we prove.
Automated signal intensity analysis of the spinal cord for detection of degenerative cervical myelopathy — a matched-pair MRI study
Authors: Hohenhaus Marc , Klingler Jan-Helge , Scholz Christoph , Volz Florian , Hubbe Ulrich , Beck Jürgen , Reisert Marco , Würtemberger Urs , Kremers Nico , Wolf Katharina 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Detection of T2 hyperintensities in suspected degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) is done subjectively in clinical practice. To gain objective quantification for dedicated treatment, signal intensity analysis of the spinal cord is purposeful. We investigated fully automated quantification of the T2 signal intensity (T2-SI) of the spinal cord using a high-resolution MRI segmentation.

Methods
Matched-pair analysis of prospective acquired cervical 3D T2-weighted sequences of 114 symptomatic patients and 88 healthy volunteers. Cervical spinal cord was segmented automatically through a trained convolutional neuronal network with subsequent T2-SI registration slice-by-slice. Received T2-SI curves were subdivided for each cervical level from C2 to C7. Additionally, all levels were subjectively classified concerning a present T2 hyperintensity. For T2-positive levels, corresponding T2-SI curves were compared to curves of age-matched volunteers at the identical level.

Results
Forty-nine patients showed subjective T2 hyperintensities at any level. The corresponding T2-SI curves showed higher signal variabilities reflected by standard deviation (18.51 vs. 7.47 a.u.; p < 0.001) and range (56.09 vs. 24.34 a.u.; p < 0.001) compared to matched controls. Percentage of the range from the mean absolute T2-SI per cervical level, introduced as “T2 myelopathy index” (T2-MI), was correspondingly significantly higher in T2-positive segments (23.99% vs. 10.85%; p < 0.001). ROC analysis indicated excellent differentiation for all three parameters (AUC 0.865–0.920).

Conclusion
This fully automated T2-SI quantification of the spinal cord revealed significantly increased signal variability for DCM patients compared to healthy volunteers. This innovative procedure and the applied parameters showed sufficient diagnostic accuracy, potentially diagnosing radiological DCM more objective to optimize treatment recommendation.

Trial registration
DRKS00012962 (17.01.2018) and DRKS00017351 (28.05.2019)
Kisspeptin neuron projections to oxytocin neurons are not necessary for parturition in the mouse
Authors: Kumar Shalini S. , Bouwer Gregory T. , Jackson Meliame K. , Perkinson Michael R. , McDonald Fiona J. , Brown Colin H. , Augustine Rachael A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractOxytocin is synthesized by hypothalamic supraoptic nucleus (SON) and paraventricular nucleus (PVN) neurons and is released from the posterior pituitary gland to trigger uterine contractions during parturition. In rats, oxytocin neuron innervation by periventricular nucleus (PeN) kisspeptin neurons increases over pregnancy and intra-SON kisspeptin administration excites oxytocin neurons only in late pregnancy. To test the hypothesis that kisspeptin neurons excite oxytocin neurons to trigger uterine contractions during birth in C57/B6J mice, double-label immunohistochemistry for kisspeptin and oxytocin first confirmed that kisspeptin neurons project to the SON and PVN. Furthermore, kisspeptin fibers expressed synaptophysin and formed close appositions with oxytocin neurons in the mouse SON and PVN before and during pregnancy. Stereotaxic viral delivery of caspase-3 into the AVPV/PeN of Kiss-Cre mice before mating reduced kisspeptin expression in the AVPV, PeN, SON and PVN by > 90% but did not affect the duration of pregnancy or the timing of delivery of each pup during parturition. Therefore, it appears that AVPV/PeN kisspeptin neuron projections to oxytocin neurons are not necessary for parturition in the mouse.