bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Language revival
Authors: Gale Maryanne 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis chapter reviews the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander language revival movement that is taking hold across much of Australia. First it takes an historical perspective, then overviews current language revival activities state by state. The current re-awakening of so many of Australia’s Indigenous languages is arguably one of the most exciting movements in Aboriginal Australia in the 21st century. This is particularly so if we remember that over two thirds of this country’s 250 distinct Indigenous languages were ‘eliminated’ after the arrival of the colonizers in 1788, and as few as a dozen Aboriginal languages are still being passed onto children as their first language. This growing language revival movement is particularly gratifying because it is accompanied by a cultural renaissance of music, song, and dance, which seems to be having a healing effect on Indigenous people themselves, as well as a reconciling effect on the nation.
Languages of the Kimberley region
Authors: Spronck Stef 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe Kimberley region of Western Australia is one of the most linguistically diverse areas on the Australian continent, traditionally home to over 40 languages. This chapter introduces the history and sociolinguistic setting of the region and the body of linguistic research on Kimberley languages, which only dates back a little over a century. It surveys the five language families of the Kimberley region, viz. (from West to East) Nyulnyulan, Worrorran, Bunuban, Jarrakan, and Pama-Nyungan, and sketches the main aspects of their verbal, nominal, and morphosyntactic typology. This includes examples of complex verbs and inflection types, nominal classification and clause types. The chapter concludes with a discussion of speech styles and avoidance language in the Kimberley and highlights several questions for future research.
The Maningrida languages
Authors: Carew Margaret , Guerrero Beltran David Felipe 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis chapter surveys the main grammatical characteristics of the Maningrida languages, a non-Pama-Nyungan language family from the Arnhem Land (Northern Territory). This region lies to the north of the Arnhem Land escarpment, east of the Liverpool River, and west of the Arafura wetland, the group consisting of Ndjébbana, Na-Kara, Gurr-goni, and Burarra/Gun-nartpa. Based on previous descriptions of these languages, we present an overview of this group in terms of genetic affiliation, phonology, nominal and verbal morphology, and syntax. Some salient features of Maningrida languages are direct vs. local case marking, multiple possession strategies, precontemporary vs. contemporary (that is, cyclic and metrical) tense systems, nominal groups, serial verb constructions, and light verb constructions. Currently, most of the Maningrida languages are severely endangered.
Living languages of Victoria
Authors: Eira K. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis chapter introduces the languages of Victoria, particularly from the perspective of the present day. Due to colonization, all the languages of this region of Australia are now in revitalization mode, in various ways and to varying degrees. The languages are therefore simultaneously very ancient and very new, as people draw the essence and vitality of their languages and cultures into a radically changed context, releasing knowledge and revitalizing practices for the futures of their children. This chapter covers some broad baselines of Victorian languages—how they can be classified into families, the sources of language for research for both linguistic description and language revival purposes, and some typological tendencies in the languages as recorded. The chapter then sketches out the status of language in Victoria in terms of its practice—the value and purpose of language in the present day, current language revival activities, the systems and structures that support community language revival, and the emerging shape of the recreated languages.
The Bandjalangic languages and dialects
Authors: Sharpe Margaret 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBandjalangic or Yugambeh-Bundjalung is a conservative Pama-Nyungan language, spoken in the Northern Rivers area of NSW, out to Warwick in Qld, and covering the Gold Coast. It has no sign of what have been called ‘conjugations’ seen in other PN languages, but preserves 14 old irregular verbs, eight of which are also manifested in Proto--Gunwinyguan forms. It is also ‘aspect-prominent’ in its verb system, and it is suggested this is more widespread in Pama-Nyungan languages than has been recognized. It lacked a section system. Its alveolar/palatal obstruents collapse together in certain contexts, and this archiphoneme varies from a palatal stop through an interdental fricative to a voiced sibilant in different dialects. There are four short vowels and corresponding long vowels, length (symbolised /h/) being part of some affixes as well as its other occurrences. There were four genders, with masculine and feminine being marked in singular pronouns. Demonstratives show a distinction between visible and unseen/hidden items.
Ngumpin-Yapa languages
Authors: Meakins Felicity , Ennever Thomas , Osgarby David , Browne Mitch , Hamilton-Hollaway Amanda 
Published: July 2023

AbstractNgumpin-Yapa languages (Pama-Nyungan) are spoken in central Australia. The best documented languages are Warlpiri and Gurindji. Ngumpin-Yapa languages are agglutinating, exhibiting only suffixes and enclitics. Core arguments are both case-marked and cross-referenced by pronominal clitics which mark person and number features and are generally registered on a second position auxiliary. Nominals pattern according to an ergative-absolutive system and bound pronouns according to a nominative-accusative system. A complex predicate structure is present in all Ngumpin-Yapa languages but shows considerable diversity across this language family. A number of structural features of Ngumpin-Yapa languages have been influential in the formal syntactic literature, for example the identified properties of non-configurationality: (i) pragmatically determined word order, (ii) the possibility of discontinuous NPs, and (iii) null anaphora (i.e. the common omission of NPs coupled with the compulsory presence of bound pronouns). Ngumpin-Yapa languages have also played an important role in the language contact literature, particularly in our understanding of how mixed languages develop.
Phosphatidic acid regulates ammonium uptake by interacting with AMMONIUM TRANSPORTER 1;1 in Arabidopsis
Authors: Cao Hongwei , Liu Qingyun , Liu Xiao , Ma Zhaokun , Zhang Jixiu , Li Xuebing , Shen Like , Yuan Jingya , Zhang Qun 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Ammonium (NH4+) is a key inorganic nitrogen source in cellular amino acid biosynthesis. The coupling of transcriptional and posttranslational regulation of AMMONIUM TRANSPORTER (AMT) ensures that NH4+ acquisition by plant roots is properly balanced, which allows for rapid adaptation to a variety of nitrogen conditions. Here, we report that phospholipase D (PLD)-derived phosphatidic acid (PA) interacts with AMT1;1 to mediate NH4+ uptake in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). We examined pldα1 pldδ-knockout mutants and found that a reduced PA level increased seedling growth under nitrogen deficiency and inhibited root growth upon NH4+ stress, which was consistent with the enhanced accumulation of cellular NH4+. PA directly bound to AMT1;1 and inhibited its transport activity. Mutation of AMT1;1 R487 to Gly (R487G) resulted in abolition of PA suppression and, subsequently, enhancement of ammonium transport activity in vitro and in vivo. Observations of AMT1;1-GFP showed suppressed endocytosis under PLD deficiency or by mutation of the PA-binding site in AMT1;1. Endocytosis was rescued by PA in the pldα1 pldδ mutant but not in the mutant AMT1;1R487G-GFP line. Together, these findings demonstrated PA-based shutoff control of plant NH4+ transport and point to a broader paradigm of lipid-transporter function.
Social Workers’ Experiences of Support in the Workplace during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Landers Jillian , Madden Elissa , Furlong Wesley 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This qualitative study included in-depth semistructured interviews with 17 social workers from across the state of Texas that took place during the summer of 2021. The purpose of this study was to describe social workers’ experiences of workplace support during the COVID-19 pandemic and provide implications for how to improve support in the workplace. The interviews were analyzed using a phenomenological approach to describe the main themes of the participants’ experiences. The findings combined with current literature suggest that following the pandemic and in the case of similar prolonged disasters organizational leaders should consider supporting their social work staff by clearly communicating protocol changes, providing more autonomy and flexible work arrangements, increasing time off and financial support, and providing tangible assistance such as technological support. Leaders should also consider their social work staff’s emotional well-being following the pandemic by providing therapeutic resources and bonding opportunities for staff to promote a more resilient team-like culture in the workplace.
The Perils of Sleeper Plates in Multiple Hereditary Exostosis: Tibial Deformity Overcorrection Due to Tether at Empty Metaphyseal Hole
Authors: Retzky Julia , Pascual-Leone Nicolas , Cirrincione Peter , Nichols Erikson , Blanco John , Widmann Roger , Dodwell Emily 
Published: July 2023

Background:
Hemi-epiphysiodesis is the mainstay of treatment for angular deformities at the knee in children with multiple hereditary exostosis (MHE). Upon deformity correction, the metaphyseal screw may be removed from the hemi-epiphysiodesis plate, the sleeper plate technique, with anticipated reimplantation of the metaphyseal screw should the original deformity recur. The aim of the present study is to compare the incidence of complications with the sleeper plate technique with complete plate removal in an MHE cohort.

Methods:
Patients under the age of 18 with MHE who underwent hemi-epiphysiodesis of the proximal tibia and/or distal femur between February 1, 2016, and February 6, 2022 with a minimum 2-year follow-up or follow-up to skeletal maturity were identified via ICD-10 codes. Patient charts and radiographic images were reviewed to assess for the bone(s) treated, the use of sleeper plates, and whether any complication occurred, including overcorrection from bony ingrowth at the empty holes or deformity recurrence.

Results:
In 13 patients, 19 knees underwent hemi-epiphysiodesis at 30 sites; 13 distal femoral and 17 proximal tibial. Of 30 plates, 18 (60%) were removed completely upon deformity correction and 3 (10%) did not require removal due to skeletal maturity. Four of 13 (30.8%) femoral plates and 5 of 17 (29.4%) tibial plates were left as sleeper plates. All 5 tibial sleeper plates developed bony ingrowth into the empty metaphyseal screw hole, which led to unintended progressive deformity overcorrection. In the majority of cases, the deformity was addressed by the removal of the plate and exophytic bone and hemi-epiphysiodesis on the other side of the affected proximal tibia with subsequent resolution of the deformity.

Conclusions:
All tibial sleeper plates developed bony ingrowth into the screwless metaphyseal hole. The bony ingrowth functioned as a tether, resulting in progressive deformity overcorrection. Sleeper plates should be avoided at the proximal tibia in patients with MHE, and extreme caution should be exercised when considering this technique at the distal femur or other sites.

Levels of Evidence:
Level III—retrospective comparative study.
Blood Purification for Adult Patients With Severe Infection or Sepsis/Septic Shock: A Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Chen Jia-Jin , Lai Pei-Chun , Lee Tao-Han , Huang Yen-Ta 
Published: July 2023

OBJECTIVES:This study aimed to conduct a comprehensive and updated systematic review with network meta-analysis (NMA) to assess the outcome benefits of various blood purification modalities for adult patients with severe infection or sepsis.DATA SOURCES:We conducted a search of PubMed, MEDLINE, clinical trial registries, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases with no language restrictions.STUDY SELECTION:Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were selected.DATA EXTRACTION:The primary outcome was overall mortality. The secondary outcomes were the length of mechanical ventilation (MV) days and ICU stay, incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI), and kidney replacement therapy requirement.DATA SYNTHESIS:We included a total of 60 RCTs with 4,595 participants, comparing 16 blood purification modalities with 17 interventions. Polymyxin-B hemoperfusion (relative risk [RR]: 0.70; 95% CI, 0.57–0.86) and plasma exchange (RR: 0.61; 95% CI, 0.42–0.91) were associated with low mortality (very low and low certainty of evidence, respectively). Because of the presence of high clinical heterogeneity and intransitivity, the potential benefit of polymyxin-B hemoperfusion remained inconclusive. The analysis of secondary outcomes was limited by the scarcity of available studies. HA330 with high-volume continuous venovenous hemofiltration (CVVH), HA330, and standard-volume CVVH were associated with shorter ICU stay. HA330 with high-volume CVVH, HA330, and standard-volume CVVH were beneficial in reducing MV days. None of the interventions showed a significant reduction in the incidence of AKI or the need for kidney replacement therapy.CONCLUSIONS:Our NMA suggests that plasma exchange and polymyxin-B hemoperfusion may provide potential benefits for adult patients with severe infection or sepsis/septic shock when compared with standard care alone, but most comparisons were based on low or very low certainty evidence. The therapeutic effect of polymyxin-B hemoperfusion remains uncertain. Further RCTs are required to identify the specific patient population that may benefit from extracorporeal blood purification.
ChatGPTidentifies gender disparities in scientific peer review
Authors: Verharen Jeroen P. H. 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACTThe peer review process is a critical step in ensuring the quality of scientific research. However, its subjectivity has raised concerns. To investigate this issue, I examined over 500 publicly available peer review reports from 200 published neuroscience papers in 2022-2023. OpenAI’s generative artificial intelligenceChatGPTwas used to analyze language use in these reports. It demonstrated superior performance compared to traditional lexicon- and rule-based language models. As expected, most reviews for these published papers were seen as favorable byChatGPT(89.8% of reviews), and language use was mostly polite (99.8% of reviews). However, this analysis also demonstrated high levels of variability in how each reviewer scored the same paper, indicating the presence of subjectivity in the peer review process. The results further revealed that female first authors received less polite reviews than their male peers, indicating a gender bias in reviewing. In addition, published papers with a female senior author received more favorable reviews than papers with a male senior author, for which I discuss potential causes. Together, this study highlights the potential of generative artificial intelligence in performing natural language processing of specialized scientific texts. As a proof of concept, I show thatChatGPTcan identify areas of concern in scientific peer review, underscoring the importance of transparent peer review in studying equitability in scientific publishing.
Enhancing Inter-link Coverage in Cross-Linking Mass Spectrometry through Context-Sensitive Subgrouping and Decoy Fusion
Authors: Bogdanow Boris , Wang Cong , Ruwolt Max , Ruta Julia , Mühlberg Lars , Zeng Wen-feng , Elofsson Arne , Liu Fan 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACTIn cross-linking mass spectrometry, sensitivity and specificity in assigning mass spectra to cross-links between different proteins (inter-links) remains challenging. Here, we report on limitations of commonly used concatenated target-decoy searches and propose a target-decoy competition strategy on a fused database as a solution. Further, we capitalize on context-divergent error rates by implementing a novel context-sensitive subgrouping strategy. This approach increases inter-link coverage by ∼ 30 - 75 % across XL-MS datasets, maintains low error rates, and preserves structural accuracy.
A Cell Cycle-Dependent Ferroptosis Sensitivity Switch Governed by EMP2
Authors: Rodencal Jason , Kim Nathan , Li Veronica L. , He Andrew , Lange Mike , He Jianping , Tarangelo Amy , Schafer Zachary T. , Olzmann James A. , Sage Julien , Long Jonathan Z. , Dixon Scott J. 
Published: July 2023

SUMMARYFerroptosis is a non-apoptotic form of cell death characterized by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. Ferroptosis can be induced by system xc-cystine/glutamate antiporter inhibition or by direct inhibition of the phospholipid hydroperoxidase glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4). The regulation of ferroptosis in response to system xc-inhibition versus direct GPX4 inhibition may be distinct. Here, we show that cell cycle arrest enhances sensitivity to ferroptosis triggered by GPX4 inhibition but not system xc-inhibition. Arrested cells have increased levels of oxidizable polyunsaturated fatty acid-containing phospholipids, which drives sensitivity to GPX4 inhibition. Epithelial membrane protein 2 (EMP2) expression is reduced upon cell cycle arrest and is sufficient to enhance ferroptosis in response to direct GPX4 inhibition. An orally bioavailable GPX4 inhibitor increased markers of ferroptotic lipid peroxidation in vivo in combination with a cell cycle arresting agent. Thus, responses to different ferroptosis-inducing stimuli can be regulated by cell cycle state.
Exposure to early life stress impairs weight loss maintenance success in mice
Authors: Foright Rebecca M , McQuillan Tara E , Frick Jenna M , Minchella Paige M , Levasseur Brittni M , Tinoco Omar , Birmingham Lauryn , Blankenship Anneka E , Thyfault John P , Christianson Julie A 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACTEarly life stress increases obesity risk, but its impact on weight loss maintenance is unknown. Mice underwent neonatal maternal separation (NMS) from 0-3 weeks and were weaned onto high fat sucrose diet (HFSD) from 3-20 weeks. Calorie-restricted weight loss on a low fat sucrose diet (LFSD) occurred over 2 weeks to induce a 20% loss in body weight, which was maintained for 6 weeks. After weight loss, half the mice received running wheels (EX) the other half remained sedentary (SED). Mice were then fedad libitumon HFSD or LFSD for 10 weeks and allowed to regain body weight. NMS mice had greater weight regain, total body weight and adiposity compared to naïve mice. During the first week of refeeding, NMS mice had increased food intake and were in a greater positive energy balance than naïve mice, but total energy expenditure was not affected by NMS. Female mice were more susceptible to NMS-induced effects, including increases in adiposity. NMS and naïve females were more susceptible to HFSD-induce weight regain. Exercise was beneficial in the first week of regain in male mice, but long-term only those on LFSD benefited from EX. As expected, HFSD led to greater weight regain than LFSD.
Genetic associations with ratios between protein levels detect new pQTLs and reveal protein-protein interactions
Authors: Suhre Karsten 
Published: July 2023

AbstractProtein quantitative trait loci (pQTLs) are an invaluable source of information for drug target development as they provide genetic evidence to support protein function, suggest relationships betweencis- andtrans-associated proteins, and link proteins to disease where they collocate with genetic risk loci for clinical endpoints. Using the recently released Olink proteomics data for 1,463 proteins measured in over 54,000 samples of the UK Biobank we identified and replicated 4,248 associations with 2,821 ratios between protein levels (rQTLs) where the strengths of association at known pQTL loci increased by up to several hundred orders of magnitude. We attribute this increase in statistical power (p-gain) to accounting for genetic and non-genetic variance shared by the two proteins in the ratio pair. Protein pairs with a significant p-gain were 7.6-fold enriched in known protein-protein interactions, suggesting that their ratios reflect biological links between the implicated proteins. We then conducted a GWAS on the 2,821 ratios and identified 2,527 novel rQTLs, increasing the number of discovered genetic signals compared to the original protein-only GWAS by 24.7%. At examples we demonstrate that this approach can identify novel loci of clinical relevance, support causal gene identification, and reveal complex networks of interacting proteins. Taken together, our study adds significant value to the genetic insights that can be derived from the UKB proteomics data and motivates the wider use of ratios in large scale GWAS.
Post-translational regulation of the Numb/Notch pathway in neurogenesis and cancer by Dlk2
Authors: Telerman Stephanie.B , Hamilton Russell.S , Shaw Ben , Dimitrov Jordan.D , Steventon Ben , Ferguson-Smith Anne.C 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPerturbations in fundamental developmental pathways have a profound influence on tumorigenesis. Numb plays a pivotal role in vertebrate development, including neurogenesis and is a key negative regulator of Notch signaling1, 2. Perturbation of Numb expression affects brain morphology and cell fate3. While extensive research has been conducted on canonical Notch ligands, regulation by vertebrate-specific non-canonical ligands is not understood. Here we identify Delta like non-canonical Notch ligand 2/EGFL9 (Dlk2) as a regulator of zebrafish neurogenesis with mutants exhibiting early increase and subsequent depletion of neural stem cells, decreased radial glial cells density, impaired neuronal cell distribution, and hypersensitivity to stimuli mimicking the embryonic murine Numb/Numblike null phenotype3. Numb function is inactivated by aberrant phosphorylation4, and we show that Dlk2 protein exhibits a high affinity direct interaction with Numb, with loss of Dlk2 in zebrafish telencephalon increasing Numb Ser276 phosphorylation with a concomitant increase in Notch signaling. Patients with tumors exhibiting reduced levels of Dlk2 have a poorer prognosis, while overexpression of Dlk2 in human cancer cell lines reduces cell proliferation. Our findings identify Dlk2 as a key partner of Numb, a gatekeeper of its activity, and an important player in a network of protein interactions regulating both neurogenesis and cancer with potential therapeutic implications.