bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recovery-oriented Programmes to Support the Recovery Approach to Mental Health in Africa: Findings of PhD: A Scoping Review
Authors: Kebope Mongie Kealeboga , Eva Manyedi , Salaminah Phiri-Moloko 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Researchers in the field of mental health and people living with a diagnosis of mental illness advocate recovery-oriented mental healthcare approach. Most developed countries have adopted the recovery-oriented approach in mental health facilities to care for people diagnosed with mental illness. However, Africa is left behind in implementing and adopting such a model of care.

Objective:
The objective of the review was to explore the global literature on recovery-oriented mental healthcare programmes, where they originate, are implemented, as well as identify gaps in the literature for further research.

Methods:
The scoping review utilised a refined framework of Arskey and O'Mally (2005) by Levac et al. (Levac, Colquhoun, & O'Brien, 2010). Different databases were systematically searched, and The PRISMA Flow Chart was used to select the articles included in the review.

Results:
From the initial 560 identified papers, 31 met the review’s inclusion criteria. The results indicated that most recovery-oriented programmes were developed in well-developed Western countries. It was evident from the included studies that the recovery-oriented mental healthcare programmes were effective for and appreciated by people diagnosed with mental illness. None of the identified and included studies discussed any developed recovery-oriented mental healthcare programme in Africa.

Implications for Nursing:
Nurses need to understand and implement the latest treatment modalities in mental health practice, and recovery-oriented care is one such practice.

Conclusion:
The review established that most recovery mental healthcare programmes are from Western high-resourced countries and have proven to be effective and appreciated by people diagnosed with mental illness. At the time of the review, no study indicated that a recovery-oriented mental healthcare programme was developed in the Sub-Saharan African context. Therefore, this calls for Africa to develop and implement a recovery-oriented programme to meet the mental health needs of people diagnosed with mental illness.
State Public Health Communications and Public Compliance during the Pre-election SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: Interpreting the Effectiveness of Messaging Guidelines Utilizing Moral Foundations Theory
Authors: Hall James F. 
Published: February 2023

Background:
State-level public health messaging during the pre-election coronavirus pandemic was very inconsistent. Moral motivational content of the messages, as characterized by moral foundations theory, may have contributed to the degree of compliance in particular states. More attention to this content might result in greater compliance and a lessening of the pandemic's severity.

Methods:
A comprehensive review of official state messaging in six U.S. states (California, Florida, Massachusetts, Mississippi, New York, and Texas) was reviewed for the number and distribution of moral foundations as described by moral foundations theory. A search was done for state-level data concerning compliance with mask-wearing and social distancing, the primary public precautionary measures during the pandemic. Rates of compliance by the state were compared with messaging content and analyzed for associations and correlations with the known partisan leanings of the states. Examples of messages with balanced moral foundations, which might be prospectively employed for greater acceptance, were presented. All data were gathered prior to the introduction of the first available vaccine.

Results:
Message review and compliance data suggested that the quantity and proportion of coronavirus-related official messages and the utilization of a balanced combination of moral foundations were associated with higher levels of compliance with the recommended public health measures and lower infection rates. The political orientations of states did not align with the use of known conservative/liberal preferred moral foundations as previously established by Moral Foundations Theory.

Conclusion:
Adjusting messaging with attention to the balanced employment of moral foundations can lead to wider acceptance of and compliance with preventive public health measures.
Smart Sewer Robot to Remove Blockages in Sewer
Authors: Nimmagadda Satyanarayana Murthy 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Every system in the world is intelligent. The wastewater infrastructure is
installed underground during the construction of homes and businesses. We set up lengthy, kilometers-
long pipelines in the subsurface administrative architecture. However, due to the different discharges
into pipelines from various sources, the pipeline typically becomes blocked.

Methods:
Due to their small dimensions, these blockages are challenging to clean. Knowing the
cause of a blockage in the sewage pipeline is a problem because subterranean sewage pipelines are
measured in kilometers. This study provides a response to this utilizing a moving underground vehicle
for sewer pipes.

Results:
The robot is designed to provide assistance under difficult circumstances and to detect obstructions
in sewer networks.

Conclusion:
This proposed robot model can be used to replace the conventional method of using
manual foreagers to identify and remove obstructions.
Consequences of Co-Administration of Propofol with Clonidine and Ketamine throughout Colon Cancer Surgery: A Randomized Trial
Authors: Elshalakany Nirvana Ahmed 
Published: February 2023

Objective:
Analgesic effects can be further augmented with the addition of clonidine and ketamine to the TIVA propofol, providing an even more effective anesthetic without compromising patient safety. This study aims to determine whether propofol infusion combined with clonidine and ketamine is more efficient in lowering the level of IL-8, preserving operation stability, and dropping post-operative pain and morphine intake.

Methods:
We conducted a study in which two groups of 60 patients were scheduled for colorectal cancer surgery. The treated group, (group T), received premedication with clonidine, intraoperative ketamine, and propofol for sedation. As a control group, a normal saline solution was administered to the group (Group C).

Results:
Group T reported lower levels of post-operative pain than the control group (P<0.05). This suggests that group T was more effective at reducing pain than the control group. A significant difference in mean arterial blood pressure was observed between groups (P<0.05). It is worth noting that there was no statistically significant difference in IL-8 levels between the two groups postoperatively (P>0.05). There was also a lower consumption of morphine (4.09±1.78) in group T postoperatively.

Conclusion:

It was found that TIVA using propofol with clonidine and ketamine was more effective than propofol infusion alone in maintaining hemodynamic stability, reducing postoperative pain, and decreasing morphine consumption over conventional propofol infusion. As a combination, propofol, clonidine, and ketamine provide and manage the pain of patients in a synergistic manner.

Clinical Trial:
Registration no.: The trial was registered under the clinical trials registery NCTU5536362 at ClinicalTrials.gov.
New UV Spectrophotometric Method for the Estimation of Molnupiravir used in the treatment of COVID-19
Authors: Deshpande Mahesh , Shaikh Farhat 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Antiviral drugs gained more importance due to SARS-COV-2 infection and many drugs are under investigation to end the pandemic. Molnupiravir is an investigational medicinal product being developed by Merck Sharp and Dohme in collaboration with Ridgeback for the treatment of COVID-19.

Objective:
A new, simple, and economical UV-spectrometric method was developed and validated for the estimation of Molnupiravir in a bulk and pharmaceutical dosage form.

Methods:
The maximum wavelength was found to be 236 nm. The developed method was validated according to ICH guidelines and found to be linear within the range of 10-50µg/ml with a correlation coefficient (R2) 0.9989.

Results:
The %RSD for precision, accuracy, LOD, LOQ, Ruggedness, and Robustness were within the range of acceptable limits as per ICH Q2 (R1). The accuracy of the method was determined at three concentration levels and found to be 99.87%, 99.53%, and 99.84%.

Conclusion:
All parameters obtained are within acceptable limits as per ICH guidelines. The molnupiravir was exposed to thermal, photolytic, hydrolytic, and oxidative stress conditions and its stability data was determined which will be useful for further formulation development.
State and Federal Legislators’ Responses on Social Media to the Mental Health and Burnout of Health Care Workers Throughout the COVID-19 Pandemic: Natural Language Processing and Sentiment Analysis
Authors: Abrams Matthew P , Pelullo Arthur P , Meisel Zachary F , Merchant Raina M , Purtle Jonathan , Agarwal Anish K 
Published: February 2023

Background
Burnout and the mental health burden of the COVID-19 pandemic have disproportionately impacted health care workers. The links between state policies, federal regulations, COVID-19 case counts, strains on health care systems, and the mental health of health care workers continue to evolve. The language used by state and federal legislators in public-facing venues such as social media is important, as it impacts public opinion and behavior, and it also reflects current policy-leader opinions and planned legislation.

Objective
The objective of this study was to examine legislators’ social media content on Twitter and Facebook throughout the COVID-19 pandemic to thematically characterize policy makers’ attitudes and perspectives related to mental health and burnout in the health care workforce.

Methods
Legislators’ social media posts about mental health and burnout in the health care workforce were collected from January 2020 to November 2021 using Quorum, a digital database of policy-related documents. The total number of relevant social media posts per state legislator per calendar month was calculated and compared with COVID-19 case volume. Differences between themes expressed in Democratic and Republican posts were estimated using the Pearson chi-square test. Words within social media posts most associated with each political party were determined. Machine-learning was used to evaluate naturally occurring themes in the burnout- and mental health–related social media posts.

Results
A total of 4165 social media posts (1400 tweets and 2765 Facebook posts) were generated by 2047 unique state and federal legislators and 38 government entities. The majority of posts (n=2319, 55.68%) were generated by Democrats, followed by Republicans (n=1600, 40.34%). Among both parties, the volume of burnout-related posts was greatest during the initial COVID-19 surge. However, there was significant variation in the themes expressed by the 2 major political parties. Themes most correlated with Democratic posts were (1) frontline care and burnout, (2) vaccines, (3) COVID-19 outbreaks, and (4) mental health services. Themes most correlated with Republican social media posts were (1) legislation, (2) call for local action, (3) government support, and (4) health care worker testing and mental health.

Conclusions
State and federal legislators use social media to share opinions and thoughts on key topics, including burnout and mental health strain among health care workers. Variations in the volume of posts indicated that a focus on burnout and the mental health of the health care workforce existed early in the pandemic but has waned. Significant differences emerged in the content posted by the 2 major US political parties, underscoring how each prioritized different aspects of the crisis.
Perspectives on Challenges and Opportunities for Interoperability: Findings From Key Informant Interviews With Stakeholders in Ohio
Authors: Walker Daniel M , Tarver Willi L , Jonnalagadda Pallavi , Ranbom Lorin , Ford Eric W , Rahurkar Saurabh 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundInteroperability—the exchange and integration of data across the health care system—remains a challenge despite ongoing policy efforts aimed at promoting interoperability.ObjectiveThis study aimed to identify current challenges and opportunities to advancing interoperability across stakeholders.MethodsPrimary data were collected through qualitative, semistructured interviews with stakeholders (n=24) in Ohio from July to October 2021. Interviewees were sampled using a stratified purposive sample of key informants from 4 representative groups as follows: acute care and children’s hospital leaders, primary care providers, behavioral health providers, and regional health information exchange networks. Interviews focused on key informant perspectives on electronic health record implementation, the alignment of public policy with organizational strategy, interoperability implementation challenges, and opportunities for health information technology. The interviews were transcribed verbatim followed by rigorous qualitative analysis using directed content analysis.ResultsThe findings illuminate themes related to challenges and opportunities for interoperability that align with technological (ie, implementation challenges, mismatches in interoperability capabilities across stakeholders, and opportunities to leverage new technology and integrate social determinants of health data), organizational (ie, facilitators of interoperability and strategic alignment of participation in value-based payment programs with interoperability), and environmental (ie, policy) domains.ConclusionsInteroperability, although technically feasible for most providers, remains challenging for technological, organizational, and environmental reasons. Our findings suggest that the incorporation of end user considerations into health information technology development, implementation, policy, and standard deployment may support interoperability advancement.
Personal Health Libraries for People Returning From Incarceration: Protocol for a Qualitative Study
Authors: Foumakoye Marisol , Britton Meredith Campbell , Ansari Emile , Saunders Monya , McCall Terika , Wang Emily A , Puglisi Lisa B , Workman T Elizabeth , Zeng-Treitler Qing , Ying Yin , Shavit Shira , Brandt Cynthia A , Wang Karen H 
Published: February 2023

Background
Individuals released from carceral facilities have high rates of hospitalization and death, especially in the weeks immediately after their return to community settings. During this transitional process, individuals leaving incarceration are expected to engage with multiple providers working in separate, complex systems, including health care clinics, social service agencies, community-based organizations, and probation and parole services. This navigation is often complicated by individuals’ physical and mental health, literacy and fluency, and socioeconomic status. Personal health information technology, which can help people access and organize their health information, could improve the transition from carceral systems to the community and mitigate health risks upon release. Yet, personal health information technologies have not been designed to meet the needs and preferences of this population nor tested for acceptability or use.

Objective
The objective of our study is to develop a mobile app to create personal health libraries for individuals returning from incarceration to help bridge the transition from carceral settings to community living.

Methods
Participants were recruited through Transitions Clinic Network clinic encounters and professional networking with justice-involved organizations. We used qualitative research methods to assess the facilitators and barriers to developing and using personal health information technology for individuals returning from incarceration. We conducted individual interviews with people just released from carceral facilities (n=~20) and providers (n=~10) from the local community and carceral facilities involved with the transition for returning community members. We used rigorous rapid qualitative analysis to generate thematic output characterizing the unique circumstances impacting the development and use of personal health information technology for individuals returning from incarceration and to identify content and features for the mobile app based on the preferences and needs of our participants.

Results
As of February 2023, we have completed 27 qualitative interviews with individuals recently released from carceral systems (n=20) and stakeholders (n=7) who support justice-involved individuals from various organizations in the community.

Conclusions
We anticipate that the study will characterize the experiences of people transitioning from prison and jails to community settings; describe the information, technology resources, and needs upon reentry to the community; and create potential pathways for fostering engagement with personal health information technology.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/44748
Machine Learning–Based Time in Patterns for Blood Glucose Fluctuation Pattern Recognition in Type 1 Diabetes Management: Development and Validation Study
Authors: Chan Nicholas Berin , Li Weizi , Aung Theingi , Bazuaye Eghosa , Montero Rosa M 
Published: February 2023

Background
Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) for diabetes combines noninvasive glucose biosensors, continuous monitoring, cloud computing, and analytics to connect and simulate a hospital setting in a person’s home. CGM systems inspired analytics methods to measure glycemic variability (GV), but existing GV analytics methods disregard glucose trends and patterns; hence, they fail to capture entire temporal patterns and do not provide granular insights about glucose fluctuations.

Objective
This study aimed to propose a machine learning–based framework for blood glucose fluctuation pattern recognition, which enables a more comprehensive representation of GV profiles that could present detailed fluctuation information, be easily understood by clinicians, and provide insights about patient groups based on time in blood fluctuation patterns.

Methods
Overall, 1.5 million measurements from 126 patients in the United Kingdom with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) were collected, and prevalent blood fluctuation patterns were extracted using dynamic time warping. The patterns were further validated in 225 patients in the United States with T1DM. Hierarchical clustering was then applied on time in patterns to form 4 clusters of patients. Patient groups were compared using statistical analysis.

Results
In total, 6 patterns depicting distinctive glucose levels and trends were identified and validated, based on which 4 GV profiles of patients with T1DM were found. They were significantly different in terms of glycemic statuses such as diabetes duration (P=.04), glycated hemoglobin level (P<.001), and time in range (P<.001) and thus had different management needs.

Conclusions
The proposed method can analytically extract existing blood fluctuation patterns from CGM data. Thus, time in patterns can capture a rich view of patients’ GV profile. Its conceptual resemblance with time in range, along with rich blood fluctuation details, makes it more scalable, accessible, and informative to clinicians.
Using User-Centered Design to Facilitate Adherence to Annual Lung Cancer Screening: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Study for Intervention Development
Authors: Hirsch Erin A , Studts Jamie L 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundLung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States, with the majority of lung cancer occurrence diagnosed after the disease has already metastasized. Lung cancer screening (LCS) with low-dose computed tomography can diagnose early-stage disease, especially when eligible individuals participate in screening on a yearly basis. Unfortunately, annual adherence has emerged as a challenge for academic and community screening programs, endangering the individual and population health benefits of LCS. Reminder messages have effectively increased adherence rates in breast, colorectal, and cervical cancer screenings but have not been tested with LCS participants who experience unique barriers to screening associated with the stigma of smoking and social determinants of health.ObjectiveThis research aims to use a theory-informed, multiphase, and mixed methods approach with LCS experts and participants to develop a set of clear and engaging reminder messages to support LCS annual adherence.MethodsIn aim 1, survey data informed by the Cognitive-Social Health Information Processing model will be collected to assess how LCS participants process health information aimed at health protective behavior to develop content for reminder messages and pinpoint options for message targeting and tailoring. Aim 2 focuses on identifying themes for message imagery through a modified photovoice activity that asks participants to identify 3 images that represent LCS and then participate in an interview about the selection, likes, and dislikes of each photo. A pool of candidate messages for multiple delivery platforms will be developed in aim 3, using results from aim 1 for message content and aim 2 for imagery selection. The refinement of message content and imagery combinations will be completed through iterative feedback from LCS experts and participants.ResultsData collection began in July 2022 and will be completed by May 2023. The final reminder message candidates are expected to be completed by June 2023.ConclusionsThis project proposes a novel approach to facilitate adherence to annual LCS through the development of reminder messages that embrace content and imagery representative of the target population directly in the design process. Developing effective strategies to increase LCS adherence is instrumental in achieving optimal LCS outcomes at individual and population health levels.International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)DERR1-10.2196/46657
Community support intensity in urban settings: an empirical, place based model
Authors: Verma Nitish 
Published: February 2023

Virtual street audits are increasingly used by social service providers,
community leaders and social workers to support place-based decisions in
urban settings. Analytical tools can potentially augment decision making
by making relevant information accessible in context to place-based
interventions aimed at improving community wellbeing. I investigated if
it was possible to discover a quantitative stochastic model that can be
a reasonable fit with empirical data about the relationship between
physical urban locations and the volumes of public services supplied to
those locations. I analysed the dataset of San Jose’s Police Department
call centre data spanning 10 years. I found that the Borel-Tanner
distribution is a reasonable fit in 7 out of 10 trials conducted in this
study. Relatively few urban sites were attributed to a large proportion
of service volumes. There was high spatial concentration within ‘high
needs’ sites. A significant proportion of these sites persist over the
10 year period. I plotted these sites on a map to demonstrate their
applicability to virtual audit applications.