bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Demographic dynamics of waterborne disease and perceived associated WASH factors in Bushenyi and Sheema districts of South-Western Uganda
Authors: Onohuean Hope , Nwodo Uchechukwu U. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Water remains a significant player in spreading pathogens, including those associated with neglected tropical diseases. The implications of socio-demographic delineations of water quality, sanitation, and hygiene (“WASH”) interventions are on the downswing. This study assessed waterborne diseases and perceived associated WASH factors in the Bushenyi and Sheema districts of South-Western Uganda. This study examines the linear relationship between WASH and identifies the association of specific demographic factors as well as their contributions/correlations to waterborne disease in the study area. A structured qualitative and quantitative data collection approach was adopted in face-to-face questionnaire-guided interviews of 200 respondents on eight surface water usage. Most participants, 65.5%, were females and had a higher score of knowledge of WASH (71%), 68% score on the improper practice of WASH, and 64% score on unsafe water quality. Low score for basic economic status was (57%), report of common diarrhoea was (47%), and a low incidence of waterborne disease outbreaks (27%). The principal component analysis (PCA) depicts the knowledge and practice of WASH to have a strong positive correlation (r = 0.84, p < 0.001; r = 0.82, p < 0.001); also economic status positively correlated with grade of water source, knowledge, and practice of WASH (correlation coefficient = 0.72; 0.99; 0.76 and p-values = 0.001; < 0.001; < 0.001 respectively). Occupation (p = 0.0001, OR = 6.798) was significantly associated with knowledge and practice of WASH, while age (r = −0.21, p < 0.001) was negatively associated with knowledge and practice of WASH. The basic economic status explains why “low economic population groups” in the remote villages may not effectively implement WASH, and diarrhoea was common among the population. Diarrhoea associated with unsafe water quality and improper practice of WASH is common among the study population, and there is a low incidence of waterborne disease outbreaks. Therefore, government, stakeholders, and non-governmental organisations should work together to promote proper practice of WASH conditions to limit the occurrence of diarrhoea and prevent potential waterborne disease outbreaks.
Are rotifer indices suitable for assessing the trophic status in slow-flowing waters of canals?
Authors: Kolarova Nikola , Napiórkowski Paweł 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Zooplankton indicators based on rotifers (TSIROT) and an indicator based on Secchi disk visibility (TSISD) were used to assess trophic state changes in artificial, slow-flowing, and stagnant canal waters. The study was conducted in the summers of 2019, 2021, and 2022 in the Bydgoszcz Canal and the Noteć Canal (Poland). Water samples were taken from five sites once in the month of July and once in August. In terms of the species number and density, rotifers dominated among zooplankton (at almost all sites), which reflected the high trophic state. Our results showed statistically significant correlations between TSIROT and TSISD as well as between the individual indicators TSIROT1 (Rotifer numbers), TSIROT2 (Rotifer biomass), TSIROT3 (bacterivorous numbers of rotifers), TSIROT6 (rotifers indicating high trophic state), and TSISD. According to our study, the presented indices most likely determine the trends between TSIROT cumulative and TSISD in the studied canals. Similarly to previous studies performed on lakes and small reservoirs, zooplankton constituted a useful indicator of trophic state. It seems that, for stagnant and slowly flowing waters of canals such as the Bydgoszcz Canal and the Noteć Canal, the method of zooplankton trophic status indicators based on rotifers may be applied.
Quality information gaps in housing listings: Do words mean the same as pictures?
Authors: Hebdzyński Michał 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe incomplete or defective information on the listed housing quality may impair the market clearing processes, may lead to the adverse selection and would have its reflection in the data needed to perform market analyses. To pinpoint the existing information gaps, this paper inspects the quality-related information disclosure strategies of agents who list apartments for sale or rent in online listing platforms. The first part of the empirical study compares the direct declarations of the listed housing quality with the quality indirectly signaled via photos attached to listings and shows that there extists a discrepancy between them. Combined with the high share of observations, for which the full information on quality is not being disclosed it contributes to the existence of informations gaps. The second part of the study answers, whether indirect textual quality signals (descriptions of apartments), processed with the use of Wordscores—a supervised machine learning algorithm are consistent with visual quality signals. It has been documented, that the sales listings’ quality signals have agreed in 63–90% of cases, depending on the model’s variant. For the rental market, the descriptive quality signals have matched the visual ones in 71–83% of cases. Moreover, it has been shown that among rental listings the consistency has been higher for listings posted by landlords, while for sales listings—by brokers. Finally, it may be argued that to fill the existing information gaps one may utilize the often-unused information conveyed via textual quality-signalling channel.
Establishing psychological safety in online design-thinking education: a qualitative study
Authors: Moffett Jenny , Little Ruth , Illing Jan , de Carvalho Filho Marco Antonio , Bok Harold 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDesign thinking, an approach traditionally used to develop or improve products, services, or processes within design and engineering sectors, has emerged as a novel pedagogical approach. As design thinking becomes more widely established within education contexts, it is important to gain deeper insight as to how such learning environments operate. The aim of this study was to explore online design thinking through the lens of psychological safety. We used a qualitative single-case study design to investigate nine students’ experiences across a nine-week design-thinking project. Data were collected via semi-structured interviews and reflective journal entries, and analysed through reflexive thematic analysis. Our findings suggested that psychological safety is a valuable consideration in the design and implementation of online design-thinking learning environments. Facilitators of psychological safety included having collaborative environments, encouraging leadership, and a focus on team formation. Barriers to psychological safety included difficulties connecting, fear of speaking, and cultural considerations. Our findings also highlighted several outcomes of psychologically safe team climates, including creativity, collaboration, and the development of approaches to working with uncertainty.
Intentional presence and the accompaniment of dying patients
Authors: Guité-Verret Alexandra , Vachon Mélanie , Girard Dominique 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we offer a phenomenological and hermeneutical perspective on the presence of clinicians who care for the suffering and dying patients in the context of end-of-life care. Clinician presence is described as a way of (1) being present to the patient and to oneself, (2) being in the present moment, and (3) receiving and giving a presence (in the sense of a gift).We discuss how presence is a way of restoring human beings’ relational and dialogical nature. To inform a different perspective on relational ethics, we also discuss how accompaniment refers to the clinician’s awareness of the human condition and its existential limits.
A proximal subgradient algorithm with extrapolation for structured nonconvex nonsmooth problems
Authors: Pham Tan Nhat , Dao Minh N. , Shah Rakibuzzaman , Sultanova Nargiz , Li Guoyin , Islam Syed 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we consider a class of structured nonconvex nonsmooth optimization problems, in which the objective function is formed by the sum of a possibly nonsmooth nonconvex function and a differentiable function with Lipschitz continuous gradient, subtracted by a weakly convex function. This general framework allows us to tackle problems involving nonconvex loss functions and problems with specific nonconvex constraints, and it has many applications such as signal recovery, compressed sensing, and optimal power flow distribution. We develop a proximal subgradient algorithm with extrapolation for solving these problems with guaranteed subsequential convergence to a stationary point. The convergence of the whole sequence generated by our algorithm is also established under the widely used Kurdyka–Łojasiewicz property. To illustrate the promising numerical performance of the proposed algorithm, we conduct numerical experiments on two important nonconvex models. These include a compressed sensing problem with a nonconvex regularization and an optimal power flow problem with distributed energy resources.
Optimal coordinated congestion pricing for multiple regions: a surrogate-based approach
Authors: Chen Yifan , Gu Ziyuan , Zheng Nan , Vu Hai L. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCongestion pricing is one of the efficient travel demand management strategies. Many existing researches focus on dealing with the toll optimization problem for a single area. However, the urban network is often composed of several administrative regions. Furthermore, even inside a single administrative region, there may be multiple subnetworks with different traffic dynamics. As a result, the centric pricing scheme may not be applicable. This paper aims to design a coordinated dynamic pricing scheme for such a scenario with multiple adjacent areas which experience an overlapping congested period. Unlike the traditional approach centered on the bi-level mathematical programming, we adopt the regressing Kriging model to estimate the input–output mapping, thus searching for the simulation-based optimal solution in the toll design problem. Two types of coordinated pricing schemes are proposed. The first or unconstrained scheme only focuses on the network performance, while the second or constrained scheme further takes into account the pricing efficiency. The proposed coordinated pricing scheme is further compared with the perimeter control. The results indicate that our scheme is more moderate without imposing traffic burden on the links/corridors heading to protected zones.
Update zur Nationalen Diabetes-Surveillance
Authors: Tuncer Oktay , Du Yong , Baumert Jens , Reitzle Lukas , Heidemann Christin 
Published: June 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die fragmentierte Informationsgrundlage zum Diabetesgeschehen in Deutschland führte zur Förderung des Projekts Nationale Diabetes-Surveillance am Robert Koch-Institut (RKI) durch das Bundesministerium für Gesundheit.

Ziel
Es soll eine indikatorenbasierte und nutzerorientierte Berichterstattung zu Risikofaktoren, Häufigkeit, Versorgung und Folgen des Diabetes aufgebaut und weiterentwickelt werden.

Methoden
Die konsentierten Indikatoren werden auf Basis von RKI-Gesundheitssurveys, Abrechnungs- und Versorgungsdaten, amtlichen Statistiken und Diabetesregistern abgebildet. Die Ergebnisse werden durch interaktive Visualisierungen und weitere Formate über die Webseite der Nationalen Diabetes-Surveillance bereitgestellt.

Ergebnisse
Insgesamt sind über 90 % aller Diabetesfälle dem Typ 2 und etwa 5,5 % dem Typ 1 zuzuordnen. Die meisten Empfehlungen zur Versorgungsqualität des Typ-2-Diabetes werden von der Mehrheit der Erwachsenen erreicht, dennoch verbleibt ein Verbesserungspotenzial; dies steht in Einklang mit der als mittelmäßig selbsteingeschätzten Versorgungsqualität. Die Verbreitung von neuen Technologien in der Therapie bei Kindern und Jugendlichen mit Typ-1-Diabetes weist auf deren verbesserte Versorgung hin. Die Screeningquote für Gestationsdiabetes (GDM) ist angestiegen, jedoch ist bei Frauen mit GDM das Risiko für ausgewählte Komplikationen weiterhin erhöht. Kardiovaskuläre Erkrankungen und eine depressive Symptomatik treten häufiger bei Personen mit als bei Personen ohne Diabetes auf. Die Rate ambulant-sensitiver Krankenhausfälle ging zurück. Von den insgesamt verlorenen Lebensjahren sind bei Typ-2-Diabetes 67,4 % durch gesundheitliche Einschränkungen und bei Typ-1-Diabetes 54,3 % durch Versterben bedingt.

Diskussion
Die Nationale Diabetes-Surveillance bildet als Pilotprojekt die Basis für die Entwicklung einer umfassenden Surveillance weiterer nichtübertragbarer Krankheiten.
Effect of a National VHA Medical Scribe Pilot on Provider Productivity, Wait Times, and Patient Satisfaction in Cardiology and Orthopedics
Authors: Palani Sivagaminathan , Saeed Iman , Legler Aaron , Sadej Izabela , MacDonald Carol , Kirsh Susan R. , Pizer Steven D. , Shafer Paul R. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Section 507 of the VA MISSION Act of 2018 mandated a 2-year pilot study of medical scribes in the Veterans Health Administration (VHA), with 12 VA Medical Centers randomly selected to receive scribes in their emergency departments or high wait time specialty clinics (cardiology and orthopedics). The pilot began on June 30, 2020, and ended on July 1, 2022.

Objective
Our objective was to evaluate the impact of medical scribes on provider productivity, wait times, and patient satisfaction in cardiology and orthopedics, as mandated by the MISSION Act.

Design
Cluster randomized trial, with intent-to-treat analysis using difference-in-differences regression.

Patients
Veterans using 18 included VA Medical Centers (12 intervention and 6 comparison sites).

Intervention
Randomization into MISSION 507 medical scribe pilot.

Main Measures
Provider productivity, wait times, and patient satisfaction per clinic-pay period.

Key Results
Randomization into the scribe pilot was associated with increases of 25.2 relative value units (RVUs) per full-time equivalent (FTE) (p < 0.001) and 8.5 visits per FTE (p = 0.002) in cardiology and increases of 17.3 RVUs per FTE (p = 0.001) and 12.5 visits per FTE (p = 0.001) in orthopedics. We found that the scribe pilot was associated with a decrease of 8.5 days in request to appointment day wait times (p < 0.001) in orthopedics, driven by a 5.7-day decrease in appointment made to appointment day wait times (p < 0.001), and observed no change in wait times in cardiology. We also observed no declines in patient satisfaction with randomization into the scribe pilot.

Conclusions
Given the potential improvements in productivity and wait times with no change in patient satisfaction, our results suggest that scribes may be a useful tool to improve access to VHA care. However, participation in the pilot by sites and providers was voluntary, which could have implications for scalability and what effects could be expected if scribes were introduced to the care process without buy-in. Cost was not considered in this analysis but is an important factor for future implementation.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04154462.
Using Nudges to Reduce Missed Appointments in Primary Care and Mental Health: a Pragmatic Trial
Authors: Teo Alan R. , Niederhausen Meike , Handley Robert , Metcalf Emily E. , Call Aaron A. , Jacob R. Lorie , Zikmund-Fisher Brian J. , Dobscha Steven K. , Kaboli Peter J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundMissed appointments (“no-shows”) are a persistent and costly problem in healthcare. Appointment reminders are widely used but usually do not include messages specifically designed to nudge patients to attend appointments.ObjectiveTo determine the effect of incorporating nudges into appointment reminder letters on measures of appointment attendance.DesignCluster randomized controlled pragmatic trial.PatientsThere were 27,540 patients with 49,598 primary care appointments, and 9420 patients with 38,945 mental health appointments, between October 15, 2020, and October 14, 2021, at one VA medical center and its satellite clinics that were eligible for analysis.InterventionsPrimary care (n = 231) and mental health (n = 215) providers were randomized to one of five study arms (four nudge arms and usual care as a control) using equal allocation. The nudge arms included varying combinations of brief messages developed with veteran input and based on concepts in behavioral science, including social norms, specific behavioral instructions, and consequences of missing appointments.Main MeasuresPrimary and secondary outcomes were missed appointments and canceled appointments, respectively.Statistical AnalysisResults are based on logistic regression models adjusting for demographic and clinical characteristics, and clustering for clinics and patients.Key ResultsMissed appointment rates in study arms ranged from 10.5 to 12.1% in primary care clinics and 18.0 to 21.9% in mental health clinics. There was no effect of nudges on missed appointment rate in primary care (OR = 1.14, 95%CI = 0.96–1.36,p = 0.15) or mental health (OR = 1.20, 95%CI = 0.90–1.60,p = 0.21) clinics, when comparing the nudge arms to the control arm. When comparing individual nudge arms, no differences in missed appointment rates nor cancellation rates were observed.ConclusionsAppointment reminder letters incorporating brief behavioral nudges were ineffective in improving appointment attendance in VA primary care or mental health clinics. More complex or intensive interventions may be necessary to significantly reduce missed appointments below their current rates.Trial NumberClinicalTrials.gov, Trial number NCT03850431.
Continuity of the Temperature in a Multi-Phase Transition Problem. Part III
Authors: Gianazza Ugo , Liao Naian 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe establish local continuity of locally bounded weak solutions to a doubly nonlinear parabolic equation that models the temperature in multi-phase transitions. The enthalpy allows for general maximal monotone graphs of the temperature. Remarkably, moduli of continuity can be estimated without an explicit form of the enthalpy.
Reprogramming Human Female Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cells into Primordial Germ Cell-Like Cells
Authors: Salvatore Giulia , Dolci Susanna , Camaioni Antonella , Klinger Francesca Gioia , De Felici Massimo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn the last two decades, considerable progress has been made in the derivation of mammalian germ cells from pluripotent stem cells such as Embryonic Stem Cells (ESCs) and induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs). The pluripotent stem cells are generally first induced into pre-gastrulating endoderm/mesoderm-like status and then specified into putative primordial germ cells (PGCs) termed PGC-like cells (PGCLCs) which possess the potential to generate oocytes and sperms. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (ASCs) are multipotent cells, having the capacity to differentiate into cell types such as adipocytes, osteocytes and chondrocytes. Since no information is available about the capability of female human ASCs (hASCs) to generate PGCLCs, we compared protocols to produce such cells from hASCs themselves or from hASC-derived iPSCs. The results showed that, providing pre-induction into a peri-gastrulating endoderm/mesoderm-like status, hASCs can generate PGCLCs. This process, however, shows a lower efficiency than when hASC-derived iPSCs are used as starting cells. Although hASCs possess multipotency and express mesodermal genes, direct induction into PGCLCs resulted less efficient.
Diagnosis and treatment of acute inflammatory sacroiliitis in pregnant or post-partum women: a systematic review of the current literature
Authors: Viroli G. , Cerasoli T. , Barile F. , Modeo M. , Manzetti M. , Traversari M. , Ruffilli A. , Faldini C. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe aim of the present study is to systematically review the current literature about diagnosis and treatment of acute inflammatory sacroiliitis in pregnant or post-partum women. A systematic search was carried out according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Data about clinical presentation, diagnosis methods and treatment strategies were retrieved from included studies and reported in a table. After screening, five studies on 34 women were included; they were all affected by acute inflammatory sacroiliitis. Clinical examination and magnetic resonance imaging were used to confirm diagnosis. In four studies, patients were treated with ultrasound-guided sacroiliac injections of steroids and local anesthetics, while one study used only manual mobilization. Clinical scores improved in all patients. Ultrasound-guided injections proved to be a safe and effective strategy for inflammatory sacroiliitis treatment during pregnancy or post-partum.
Jongeren en zelfdoding op het spoor. Een mixed-methods-onderzoek
Authors: Mérelle Saskia Y. M. , Balt Elias , Schweren Lizanne , van den Brand Isa , van Eijk Nikki L. , Creemers Daan , Popma Arne , Gilissen Renske 
Published: June 2023

Samenvatting
Inleiding
In Nederland betreft 31% van de suïcides op het spoor een jong persoon (tot 30 jaar). Jongeren zijn wellicht oververtegenwoordigd omdat zij impulsiever kunnen handelen en minder toegang hebben tot andere dodelijke middelen. Omdat het aantal suïcides onder jongeren stijgt, heeft dit onderzoek als doel om inzicht te krijgen in de kenmerken van jongeren die op het spoor overlijden.

Methode
Dit onderzoek gebruikt microdata van het CBS en interviewdata van een psychosociaal autopsieonderzoek in de periode 2017–2021. Er zijn chi-kwadraattoetsen, logistische regressieanalyses en kwalitatieve analyses uitgevoerd om kenmerken van spoorsuïcides te identificeren.

Resultaten
In totaal overleden 1.366 jongeren door zelfdoding, van wie 304 jongeren op het spoor. Dit waren vooral jonge mannen. Nederlandse herkomst, onderwijs volgen, laag opgeleid zijn en woonachtig bij ouders zijn waren kenmerken die vaker voorkwamen bij spoorsuïcides dan bij andere methoden, waarvan alleen onderwijs volgen sterk samenhing met spoorsuïcides. Opvallende thema’s in de interviews waren problemen op school, het niet kunnen realiseren van een zelfstandig leven en psychische problemen van jonge mannen met autisme.

Beschouwing en conclusie
Dit onderzoek geeft inzicht in de kenmerken van jongeren die zijn overleden door zelfdoding op het spoor. Naast fysieke maatregelen is in het onderwijs suïcidepreventie nodig en moeten er betere signalering en hulp komen voor jongeren met autisme.