bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preprint Highlight: Perforin-2 is a pore-forming effector of endocytic escape in cross-presenting dendritic cells
Authors: Mantegazza Adriana R. 
Published: February 2023

Access of endocytosed cargo to the cytosol in dendritic cells (DCs) allows antigen cross-presentation, an essential mechanism for presenting exogenous viral and tumor antigens on MHC-I molecules to cytotoxic T-cells. However, the molecular facilitators of antigen release from endosomes have remained elusive. By coupling flow cytometry and luciferase-based readout to monitor endocytic escape in a CRISPR/Cas9 genetic screen, the authors identified perforin-2, a member of the perforin superfamily of pore-forming proteins, as a new effector required for antigen access to cytosol in murine cross-presenting DCs, in vitro and in vivo. Interestingly, perforin-2 is cleaved in lysosomes or maturing phagosomes to release the pore-forming domain and allow antigen export. This study uncovers perforin-2 as a potential new target to modulate antigen cross-presentation in anti-viral and anti-tumor immunity. This preprint has been assigned the following badges: New Methods, New Hypothesis, Cross-Validation, Open Data. Read the preprint on bioRxiv ( Rodríguez-Silvestre et al., 2023 ): https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.01.31.525875 .
IBRAP: integrated benchmarking single-cell RNA-sequencing analytical pipeline
Authors: Knight Connor H , Khan Faraz , Patel Ankit , Gill Upkar S , Okosun Jessica , Wang Jun 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSingle-cell ribonucleic acid (RNA)-sequencing (scRNA-seq) is a powerful tool to study cellular heterogeneity. The high dimensional data generated from this technology are complex and require specialized expertise for analysis and interpretation. The core of scRNA-seq data analysis contains several key analytical steps, which include pre-processing, quality control, normalization, dimensionality reduction, integration and clustering. Each step often has many algorithms developed with varied underlying assumptions and implications. With such a diverse choice of tools available, benchmarking analyses have compared their performances and demonstrated that tools operate differentially according to the data types and complexity. Here, we present Integrated Benchmarking scRNA-seq Analytical Pipeline (IBRAP), which contains a suite of analytical components that can be interchanged throughout the pipeline alongside multiple benchmarking metrics that enable users to compare results and determine the optimal pipeline combinations for their data. We apply IBRAP to single- and multi-sample integration analysis using primary pancreatic tissue, cancer cell line and simulated data accompanied with ground truth cell labels, demonstrating the interchangeable and benchmarking functionality of IBRAP. Our results confirm that the optimal pipelines are dependent on individual samples and studies, further supporting the rationale and necessity of our tool. We then compare reference-based cell annotation with unsupervised analysis, both included in IBRAP, and demonstrate the superiority of the reference-based method in identifying robust major and minor cell types. Thus, IBRAP presents a valuable tool to integrate multiple samples and studies to create reference maps of normal and diseased tissues, facilitating novel biological discovery using the vast volume of scRNA-seq data available.
Collaborative deep learning improves disease-related circRNA prediction based on multi-source functional information
Authors: Wang Yongtian , Liu Xinmeng , Shen Yewei , Song Xuerui , Wang Tao , Shang Xuequn , Peng Jiajie 
Published: February 2023

AbstractEmerging studies have shown that circular RNAs (circRNAs) are involved in a variety of biological processes and play a key role in disease diagnosing, treating and inferring. Although many methods, including traditional machine learning and deep learning, have been developed to predict associations between circRNAs and diseases, the biological function of circRNAs has not been fully exploited. Some methods have explored disease-related circRNAs based on different views, but how to efficiently use the multi-view data about circRNA is still not well studied. Therefore, we propose a computational model to predict potential circRNA–disease associations based on collaborative learning with circRNA multi-view functional annotations. First, we extract circRNA multi-view functional annotations and build circRNA association networks, respectively, to enable effective network fusion. Then, a collaborative deep learning framework for multi-view information is designed to get circRNA multi-source information features, which can make full use of the internal relationship among circRNA multi-view information. We build a network consisting of circRNAs and diseases by their functional similarity and extract the consistency description information of circRNAs and diseases. Last, we predict potential associations between circRNAs and diseases based on graph auto encoder. Our computational model has better performance in predicting candidate disease-related circRNAs than the existing ones. Furthermore, it shows the high practicability of the method that we use several common diseases as case studies to find some unknown circRNAs related to them. The experiments show that CLCDA can efficiently predict disease-related circRNAs and are helpful for the diagnosis and treatment of human disease.
Socioeconomic inequalities in paediatric metabolic syndrome: mediation by parental health literacy
Authors: Lepe Alexander , de Kroon Marlou L A , Reijneveld Sijmen A , de Winter Andrea F 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundParental health literacy may explain the relationship between parental socioeconomic status (SES) and paediatric metabolic syndrome (MetS). For this reason, we assessed to what extent parental health literacy mediates the relationships between parental SES and paediatric MetS.MethodsWe used data from the prospective multigenerational Dutch Lifelines Cohort Study. Our sample consisted of 6683 children with an average follow-up of 36.2 months (SD 9.3) and a mean baseline age of 12.8 years (SD 2.6). We used natural effects models to assess the natural direct, natural indirect and total effects of parental SES on MetS.ResultsOn average, an additional 4 years of parental education, e.g. university instead of secondary school, would lead to continuous MetS (cMetS) scores that were 0.499 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.364–0.635) units lower, which is a small effect (d: 0.18). If parental income and occupational level were 1 SD higher, on average cMetS scores were 0.136 (95% CI: 0.052–0.219) and 0.196 (95% CI: 0.108–0.284) units lower, respectively; these are both small effects (d: 0.05 and 0.07, respectively). Parental health literacy partially mediated these pathways; it accounted for 6.7% (education), 11.8% (income) and 8.3% (occupation) of the total effect of parental SES on paediatric MetS.ConclusionsSocioeconomic differences in paediatric MetS are relatively small, the largest being by parental education. Improving parental health literacy may reduce these inequalities. Further research is needed into the mediating role of parental health literacy on other socioeconomic health inequalities in children.
Sex variation in colorectal cancer mortality: trends and implications for screening
Authors: Clark Gavin R C , Fraser Callum G , Strachan Judith A , Steele Robert J C 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background
Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening using faecal tests reduces disease-specific mortality. To investigate mortality and its association with sex, rates in women and men, and in different age ranges, were examined, before and after screening began in Scotland.

Methods
From 1990–99, no structured screening existed. Three pilots ran from 2000 to 2007 and subsequent full roll-out completed in 2009. Crude mortality rates for 1990–2020 were calculated relative to Scottish population estimates, and age–sex standardized rates calculated for all, pre-screening (&lt;50 years), screening (5–74 years) and post-screening (&gt;74 years) age ranges.

Results
CRC mortality declined from 1990 to 2020, but not linearly, and differed between sexes. In women, 1990–99 showed a steady decline [average annual percentage change (AAPC): −2.1%, 95% confidence interval (CI): −2.8% to −1.4%], but a less marked decline after 2000 (AAPC: −0.7%, 95% CI: −0.9% to −0.4%). In men, no clear decline was seen from 1990 to 1999 (AAPC: −0.4%, 95% CI: −1.1% to 0.4%), but mortality declined from 2000 to 2020 (AAPC: −1.7%, 95% CI: −1.9% to −1.5%). This pattern was exaggerated in the screening age ranges. For 2000–20, the overall reduction in mortality was less in women and in the screening age range. In the post-screening age range, reductions were smaller, but an increase was seen in the pre-screening age range, greater in women.

Conclusions
CRC mortality fell during 1990–2020, but the decline differed markedly between sexes, indicating a larger beneficial effect of screening on CRC mortality in men compared to women: use of different thresholds for the sexes might lead to equality.
101 years ago: Hermann Muller's remarkable insight
Authors: Haber James E 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMore than 20 years before DNA was identified as the hereditary material, the Drosophila geneticist, Hermann Muller, envisioned the fundamental principles that such a molecule must have: to be auto-assembling and to be mutable but then again stable. He followed his prescient review of these properties with a remarkable prediction: learning about the hereditary material and its properties would not come from studying Drosophila, but from studying bacteria and their bacteriophages.
The Donation of Constantine in John Whethamstede’s Granarium
Authors: Hiatt Alfred 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This article analyses the discussion of the Donation of Constantine contained in the Granarium, an encyclopedia compiled by the abbot of St. Albans, John Whethamstede, in the 1430s. Particular attention is given to Whethamstede’s list of reasons to doubt the veracity of the Donation, which differ in certain ways from the contemporaneous and better known criticisms of the Donation made by Nicolas of Cusa, Lorenzo Valla and Reginald Pecock. The article considers the sources and motivations for Whethamstede’s discussion, which reveals that criticism of the Donation was more widespread and more deeply rooted at this time than has previously been appreciated.
The Congressional Leadership Dilemma
Authors: Fong Christian 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Previous theories assume that congressional party leaders internalize the welfare of the parties they lead. Accordingly, existing work deemphasizes the role of agency problems in explaining the conditions under which parties grant more political resources to their leaders. To show how agency problems can still arise even when the party leader wants only to maximize collective goods and stay in office, I offer a model that borrows two ideas from models of political accountability: leaders vary in quality and giving the leader more resources makes it more difficult to remove her. The model implies that the party faces a tradeoff between maximizing the leader’s capacity to produce collective goods and preserving its ability to remove low-quality leaders from office. This theory offers novel predictions, integrates existing results as implications of a single theory, and explains why the leader’s resources sometimes change even as the political context remains the same (JEL D72: Political Processes: Rent-Seeking, Lobbying, Elections, Legislatures, and Voting Behavior).
Metabolic regulation of NK cell antiviral functions during cytomegalovirus infection
Authors: Cimpean Maria , Cooper Megan A 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells quickly mount cytotoxic responses, produce cytokines, and proliferate in response to infected or transformed cells. Moreover, they can develop memory, with enhanced effector responses following activation, in some cases with antigen specificity. To optimally execute these functions, NK cells undergo metabolic reprogramming. Here, we discuss the interplay between metabolism and NK cell function in the context of viral infections. We review findings supporting metabolic regulation of NK cell effector functions, with a focus on NK cell antiviral infection in the context of cytomegalovirus in the mouse (MCMV) and human (HCMV).
A comprehensive experimental test of the affective disposition theory of drama
Authors: Grizzard Matthew , Francemone C Joseph , Frazer Rebecca , Fitzgerald Kaitlin , Monge Charles K , Henry Christina 
Published: February 2023

AbstractUsing a three-act written narrative, a preregistered 2 (Act 1 Moral/Immoral Character Behavior) × 2 (Act 3 Moral/Immoral Character Behavior) × 2 (Positive/Negative Narrative Outcome) study provides a comprehensive test of affective disposition theory (ADT) that simultaneously manipulates disposition formation and outcome evaluation processes. We convert ADT’s conceptual hypotheses into testable path models. Consistent with theory, we find (a) moral behavior creates positive dispositions which predict hopes for positive outcomes and (b) dispositions interact with outcomes to predict affect, liking of ending, and narrative enjoyment/appreciation. Consistent with Raney’s ADT extension, participants wanted liked/moral characters to engage in immoral actions that increase the odds of a positive outcome for the character. Findings also indicate variance in ADT’s predictive power: ADT better explained immediate responses (liking of ending) as compared to holistic responses (narrative enjoyment/appreciation). Our results contribute to work on enjoyment/appreciation by identifying areas where enjoyment and appreciation are more/less distinguishable.
A rare case of intra-articular synovial sarcoma of the hip joint: a case report with intra-articular findings via hip arthroscopy
Authors: Saito Keiju , Kawabata Yusuke , Kobayashi Naomi , Iwashita Hiromichi , Kato Ikuma , Otani Masako , Hayashida Kenta , Fujita Shintaro , Yoshida Tomotaka , Choe Hyonmin , Takeyama Masanobu , Inaba Yutaka 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAlthough synovial sarcoma is a relatively common soft tissue sarcoma, primary intra-articular cases are extremely rare. Herein, we report a case of primary intra-articular synovial sarcoma arising from the hip joint, that was initially treated with hip arthroscopy. A 42-year-old male presented with a history of pain in the left hip for 7 years. Radiography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed the primary intra-articular lesion and simple excision with an arthroscopy was performed. Histological findings revealed spindle cell proliferation with abundant psammoma bodies. SS18 gene rearrangement was confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridization, and the tumor was diagnosed as synovial sarcoma. Adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy were performed. Local control without metastasis was achieved 6 months after excision. This is the first case of intra-articular synovial sarcoma of the hip joint excised via hip arthroscopy. When an intra-articular lesion is identified, malignancies such as synovial sarcoma should be included in the differential diagnosis.
Body and Mind, Husband and Household, Collaborators and Communities: Centrifugal Spheres of Protection in an Aramaic Incantation Bowl (MC 77.233)
Authors: Marcus Alexander 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
MC 77.233, an incantation bowl in Jewish Babylonian Aramaic script held in the Magnes Collection, is here published for the first time. Written primarily for Ḥammādā daughter of Xwārōy, it deepens and nuances our understanding of apotropaic activities in late antique Babylonia and surrounding regions, with terminology and phrases that are, at turns, typical and unique. Notable, too, are its combinations of, and allusions to, motifs that are elaborated with greater detail on other specimens. My discussion focuses on the role of both client and scribe in the bowl’s production, highlighting connections to bowls of other clients, to several well-attested formula repertoires, and to other Sasanian literary sources like the Babylonian Talmud. Throughout, I emphasize the opportunities for comparative analysis that are now available due to the increasing volume of bowl publications and recent scholarship on religious life, material culture, and interactions between Jews and others in late antique Mesopotamia.
Heat Shock Proteins Are Differentially Expressed in the Domestic Cat (Felis catus) Testis, Epididymis, and Vas Deferens
Authors: Liman Narin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractHeat shock proteins (HSPs) play key roles in controlling the morphological transformation of germ cells during spermatogenesis and posttesticular maturation of sperm. This study aims to reveal the presence and localization patterns of large adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-dependent HSPs family members in adult domestic cat testis and excurrent ducts utilizing Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence techniques. The results indicated that the relative amounts of heat shock protein D1 (HSPD1)/HSP60, heat shock protein C (HSPC)/HSP90, and heat shock protein H (HSPH)/HSP105/110 were highest in the testis, while heat shock protein A (HSPA)/HSP70 was highest in the corpus epididymis. HSPs exhibited spermatogenic stage-dependent localization patterns in germ cells. Sertoli and Leydig cells were positive for other HSPs except for HSPC/HSP90. The tubules rectus and rete testis epithelia showed only HSPD1/HSP60 and HSPA/HSP70 immunoreactivity, while the ciliated cells of efferent ductules were positive for all HSPs. In the epididymis and vas deferens, HSPs localizations were cell and region specific. HSPD1/HSP60 was localized in the midpiece of the immature spermatozoa tail, while HSPA/HSP70 and HSP90 were found only in the proximal cytoplasmic droplet (CD). HSPH/HSP105 was observed in CD and the principal piece but not the midpiece. Overall, the different expression of HSPs throughout the domestic cat testis and excurrent ducts indicates their critical roles in maintaining reproductive functions under physiological conditions.
A case of Hermansky-Pudlak with dyspnea
Authors: Takaldani Ali Hossein Samadi , Javanshir Nima , Salimi Maryam , Negaresh Mohammad 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACTHermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS) is a rare multisystem disorder inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. Its prevalence is 1 in 500 000 to 1 000 000 people worldwide. The cause of this disorder is genetic mutations that lead to defective organelles of lysosomes. In this report, a 49-year-old man is introduced who was referred to the medical center with ocular albinism and recently exacerbated shortness of breath. Imaging showed peripheral reticular opacities, ground-glass opacities of the lungs with subpleural sparing in some regions, and thickening of bronchovascular bundles, which were all in favor of non-specific interstitial pneumonia. This imaging pattern is an unusual finding in a patient with HPS.
Takotsubo cardiomyopathy induced by pheochromocytoma: a case report
Authors: Awadji Fabrice Boris , Sasmita Bryan Richard , Huang Bi , Han Yuying , Yang Yuan , Luo Suxin , Liu Gang 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACTPheochromocytoma presents various clinical manifestations and imprecise signs and symptoms. Along with other diseases, it is considered to be ‘the great mimic’. This is the case of a 61-year-old man who on arrival presented with extreme chest pain accompanied by palpitations, and with a blood pressure of 91/65 mmHg. An echocardiogram showed an ST-segment elevation in the anterior leads. The cardiac troponin was 1.62 ng/ml, 50 times the upper limit of normal. Bedside, echocardiography revealed global hypokinesia of the left ventricle, with an ejection fraction of 37%. Because ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction-complicated cardiogenic shock was suspected, an emergency coronary angiography was performed. It showed no significant coronary artery stenosis, while left ventriculography demonstrated left ventricular hypokinesia. Sixteen days after admission, the patient suddenly presented with palpitations, headache and hypertension. A contrast-enhanced abdominal CT showed a mass in the left adrenal area. Pheochromocytoma-induced takotsubo cardiomyopathy was suspected.
Nanocarrier of Pin1 inhibitor based on supercritical fluid technology inhibits cancer metastasis by blocking multiple signaling pathways
Authors: Zhang Fengzhu , Zhang Aiwen , Xie Youning , Wen Haiying , Kankala Ranjith Kumar , Huang Jing , Zhang Anjun , Wang Qi , Chen Biaoqi , Dong Haiyan , Guo Zhao , Chen Aizheng , Yang Dayun 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Cancer metastasis is the primary cause of all cancer-related deaths due to the lack of effective targeted drugs that simultaneously block multiple signaling pathways that drive the dissemination and growth of cancer cells. The unique proline isomerase Pin1 activates numerous cancer pathways, but its role in cancer metastasis and the inhibitory efficacy of Pin1 inhibitors on cancer metastasis are unknown. Moreover, the applicability of Pin1 inhibitor―all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) is limited due to its several drawbacks. Herein, uniform ATRA-loaded polylactic acid-polyethylene glycol block copolymer nanoparticles (ATRA-NPs) with high encapsulation efficiency, good cellular uptake, excellent controlled release performance and pharmacokinetics are developed using supercritical carbon dioxide processing combined with an optimized design. ATRA-NPs exhibited excellent biosafety and significant inhibition on the growth and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Pin1 played a key role in cancer metastasis and was the main target of ATRA-NPs. ATRA-NPs exerted their potent anti-metastatic effect by inhibiting Pin1 and then simultaneously blocking multiple signaling pathways and cancer epithelial–mesenchymal progression. Since ATRA-NPs could effectively couple the inhibition of cancer cell dissemination with cancer growth, it provided a novel therapeutic strategy for efficiently inhibiting cancer metastasis.
Lifetime prevalence and knowledge of snakebite among graduates in Nigeria
Authors: Michael Godpower C , Grema Bukar A , Bala Auwal A , Olawumi Abdulgafar L , Gana Aisa A , Madaki Jeremiah K A , Habib Abdulrazaq G 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT

Background
Given the lack of studies on snakebite envenoming knowledge in the general population, we examined the lifetime prevalence of snakebite and knowledge of snakebite and its prevention and first aid among recent Nigerian graduates in national service.

Methods
This questionnaire-based cross-sectional study involved 351 consenting national youth corps members at a rural orientation camp in Kano, Nigeria.

Results
Participants’ mean age was 25.3±2.4 y. There were slightly more males (50.7%). Most attended universities (77.8%) and were mainly from the southwest (24.5%) and northeast (24.5%) geopolitical regions and the Yoruba tribe (24.7%). Their lifetime prevalence of snakebite was 4%. Their mean overall knowledge score was 6.8±3.1 out of 20. Only 0.9% had adequate knowledge. Gender (male; 7.2±3.1, t=2.83, p=0.0049), tribe (Yoruba; 7.5±2.9, F=2.968, p=0.0320), region (Southwest; 7.6±3.0, F=2.5289, p=0.0289) and nearly bitten by snake (7.8 ± 2.7, t=3.60, p=0.0004) were significantly associated with a higher mean knowledge score.

Conclusions
Their lifetime prevalence of snakebites is significant, while knowledge of snakebite is very inadequate. However, the national service camp activities period provides an opportunity for educational intervention needed to raise their knowledge to optimal levels that will enable them serve as better snakebite prevention agents, as they will be working in rural communities where snakebite might be prevalent.