bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MicroRNA profiling of low concentration extracellular vesicle RNA utilizing NanoString nCounter technology
Authors: Crossland Rachel E. , Albiero Anna , Sanjurjo‐Rodríguez Clara , Reis Monica , Resteu Anastasia , Anderson Amy E. , Dickinson Anne M. , Pratt Arthur G. , Birch Mark , McCaskie Andrew W. , Jones Elena , Wang Xiao‐nong 
Published: January 2023

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EV) and the microRNAs that they contain are increasingly recognised as a rich source of informative biomarkers, reflecting pathological processes and fundamental biological pathways and responses. Their presence in biofluids makes them particularly attractive for biomarker identification. However, a frequent caveat in relation to clinical studies is low abundance of EV RNA content. In this study, we used NanoString nCounter technology to assess the microRNA profiles of n = 64 EV low concentration RNA samples (180–49125 pg), isolated from serum and cell culture media using precipitation reagent or sequential ultracentrifugation. Data was subjected to robust quality control parameters based on three levels of limit of detection stringency, and differential microRNA expression analysis was performed between biological subgroups. We report that RNA concentrations > 100 times lower than the current NanoString recommendations can be successfully profiled using nCounter microRNA assays, demonstrating acceptable output ranges for imaging parameters, binding density, positive/negative controls, ligation controls and normalisation quality control. Furthermore, despite low levels of input RNA, high‐level differential expression analysis between biological subgroups identified microRNAs of biological relevance. Our results demonstrate that NanoString nCounter technology offers a sensitive approach for the detection and profiling of low abundance EV‐derived microRNA, and may provide a solution for research studies that focus on limited sample material.
Gender differences in COVID‐19‐related manuscript authorship by hospitalists during the pandemic: A bibliometric analysis
Authors: Elias Richard M. , Bonk Nicole , White Andrea T. , Payne Shandra , Wagner Casey , Hardin Hannah , Kaiksow Farah , Sheehy Ann , Auerbach Andrew , Vaughn Valerie M. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundHospital medicine (HM) has a well‐described gender disparity related to academic work and promotion. During the COVID‐19 pandemic, female authorship across medicine fell further behind historical averages.ObjectiveExamine how COVID‐19 affected the publication gender gap for hospitalists.Design, Settings, and ParticipantsBibliometric analysis to determine gender and specialty of US‐based physician first and last authors of COVID‐19 articles published March 1, 2020 to February 28, 2021 in the four highest impact general medical journals and two highest impact HM‐specific journals.Main Outcome and MeasuresWe characterized the percentage of all physician authors that were women, the percentage of physician authors that were hospitalists, and the percentage of HM authors that were women. We compared author gender between general medical and HM‐specific journals.ResultsDuring the study period, 853 manuscripts with US‐based first or last authors were published in eligible journals. Included manuscripts contained 1124 US‐based physician first or last author credits, of which 34.2% (384) were women and 8.8% (99) were hospitalists. Among hospitalist author credits, 43.4% (n = 43/99) were occupied by women. The relative gender equity for hospitalist authors was driven by the two HM journals where, compared to the four general medical journals, hospitalist authors (54.1% [33/61] vs. 26.3% [10/38] women, respectively, p = .002) and hospitalist last authors (51.9% [14/27] vs. 20% [4/20], p = .03) were more likely to be women.ConclusionsAcross COVID‐19‐related manuscripts, disparities by gender were driven by the high‐impact general medical journals. HM‐specific journals had more equitable inclusion of women authors, demonstrating the potential impact of proactive editorial policies on diversity.
Nonlinear Dielectric Nanoresonators and Metasurfaces: Toward Efficient Generation of Entangled Photons
Authors: Sharapova Polina R. , Kruk Sergey S. , Solntsev Alexander S. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAmong the most prominent effects resulting from nonlinear light–matter interaction is the generation of correlated and entangled photons through various processes, notably via spontaneous parametric down‐conversion or spontaneous four‐wave mixing. Such nonlinear optical processes benefit from the concentration of electromagnetic fields in small volumes. Dielectric nanoresonators and their 2D layouts—metasurfaces—provide efficient ways to control light in subwavelength volumes enabling the enhancement of nonlinear light–matter interaction and the generation of entangled photons. Nanoresonators and metasurfaces offer a radical miniaturization of quantum light sources allowing better scalability, which opens a pathway toward arrangements of photon sources in complex subwavelength configurations for advanced photon state control. In this work, the recent progress in this emergent area of research is reviewed.
Reciprocal Phase Transition Electro‐Optic Modulation
Authors: Zou Fang , Zou Lei , Tian Ye , Zhang Yiming , Bente Erwin , Hou Weigang , Liu Yu , Chen Siming , Cao Victoria , Guo Lei , Li Songsui , Yan Lianshan , Pan Wei , Milosevic Dusan , Cao Zizheng , Koonen Antonius M. J. , Liu Huiyun , Zou Xihua 
Published: January 2023

AbstractElectro‐optic (EO) modulation is a well‐known and essential topic in the field of communications and sensing, while ultrahigh modulation efficiency is unprecedentedly desired in the current green and data era. However, dramatically increasing the modulation efficiency is difficult in conventional mechanisms, being intrinsically limited by the monotonic mapping relationship between the electrical driving signal and modulated optical signal. To break this bottleneck, a new mechanism termed phase‐transition EO modulation is revealed from the reciprocal transition between two distinct phase planes arising from the Hopf bifurcation, being driven by a transient electrical signal to cross the critical point. A monolithically integrated mode‐locked laser is implemented as a prototype, strikingly achieving an ultrahigh modulation energy efficiency of 3.06 fJ bit−1 improved by about four orders of magnitude and a contrast ratio exceeding 50 dB. The prototype is experimentally implemented for radio‐over‐fiber communication and acoustic sensing. This work indicates a significant advance on the state‐of‐the‐art EO modulation technology and opens a new avenue for green communication and ubiquitous sensing applications.
Chiral Bound States in the Continuum in Plasmonic Metasurfaces
Authors: Tang Yuhu , Liang Yao , Yao Jin , Chen Mu Ku , Lin Shirong , Wang Zhuo , Zhang Jingcheng , Huang Xu Guang , Yu Changyuan , Tsai Din Ping 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBound states in the continuum (BICs) offer novel mechanisms to boost the quality factor (Q‐factor) of resonances. Unfortunately, current studies on chiral BICs metasurfaces suffer from a fundamental trade‐off between Q‐factor and circular dichroism (CD), presenting a significant hurdle that severely limits the independent control between CD and Q‐factors. Here, 3D plasmonic metasurfaces are numerically demonstrated that overcome the trade‐off and offer high‐Q quasi‐BIC resonances (Q ≈ 938) with strong CD (≈0.67) in the mid‐infrared. These metasurfaces are made of integrated‐resonance units consisting of a twisted vertical split‐ring resonator (VSRR) and a wall. Importantly, this dissimilar dimer configuration unlocks a new degree of freedom to decouple the Q‐factor and CD, that is, the Q‐factor and CD can be relatively independently manipulated by the height of the wall and the twisted angle of the VSRR, respectively. These results provide novel paradigms to manipulate advanced chiroptical responses, with various applications that require strong CD with enhanced light–matter interaction.
Active Erbium‐Doped Silicon Nanoantenna
Authors: Yaroshenko Vitaly , Obramenko Marina , Dyatlovich Anna , Kustov Pavel , Gudovskikh Alexander , Goltaev Aleksandr , Mukhin Ivan , Ageev Eduard , Zuev Dmitry 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe development of silicon‐based radiative nanostructures is an important step toward silicon‐based optoelectronic systems. Here an approach for the fabrication of photoluminescent Er‐doped silicon nanoantennas is demonstrated. The combination of electron beam lithography and laser annealing of a thin Er film deposited after fabrication creates an active dielectric nanoantenna operating in the standard telecommunication wavelength range (C‐band). Using the multipole decomposition method the geometrical parameters of the silicon nanoparticle when the first‐order Mie‐resonances are tuned to the erbium emission in C‐band range ( transition) is calculated. It is observed experimentally that the presence of the Mie‐resonances provides enhancement of the photoluminescence intensity up to 40% compared to the non‐resonant case. The proposed approach allows for the creation of computational optical chips compatible with existing nanofabrication technologies.
Recent Developments of Electrically Pumped Nanolasers
Authors: Ren Kuankuan , Li Chunhe , Fang Zebo , Feng Fei 
Published: January 2023

AbstractElectrically pumped nanolasers have achieved many exciting achievements and display a wide range of potential application prospects in the fields of optoelectronic chips, information storage, and biosensing. However, there is lacking an in‐depth and extensive review of the recent development of electrically pumped nanolasers. Herein, a detailed and comprehensive overview of the electrically pumped nanolasers is first given according to the device configurations, including electrically pumped single nanolaser, nanoarray lasers, nanobeam lasers, and plasmonic nanolasers with different cavity structures. Furthermore, some problems and challenges restricting the development of electrically pumped nanolasers are summarized, and the corresponding solutions and development directions are proposed. This review will provide valuable suggestions for optimizing the device structure of electrically pumped nanolasers with new high‐gain semiconductor materials and particularly further promote their rapid application development.
A Versatile Photochromic Dosimeter Enabling Detection of X‐Ray, Ultraviolet, and Visible Photons
Authors: Yang Zetian , Hu Jieqi , Van der Heggen, David , Jiao Mengmeng , Feng Ang , Vrielinck, Henk , Smet Philippe F. , Poelman Dirk 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAn accurate measurement of radiation doses is required to ensure efficient use of electromagnetic radiation in medical diagnostics, agriculture, or general lighting applications. Yet, existing dosimeters usually face the issues of cumbersome manipulation, time‐consuming analysis, or power‐supply requirement. Here, an all‐round dosimeter is reported based on BaMgSiO4, a photochromic material that exhibits a reversible white‐pink color change upon irradiation. Electron paramagnetic resonance measurements under in situ coloring and bleaching reveal that the charge carrier trapping and detrapping at oxygen vacancy‐related defects determine the photochromic behavior. This can be utilized for dosimetry of X‐rays, ultraviolet, and visible light, as the coloring and bleaching are dependent on the irradiation wavelength and the dose. The distinct color variation of BaMgSiO4 allows for on‐site measurement of irradiation doses by a colorimetric method, and the special wavelength‐responsive behavior in the ultraviolet region is suitable for personal solar ultraviolet light monitoring. By virtue of good stability and excellent cycling robustness, BaMgSiO4 can be an ideal integrating detector for X‐rays, ultraviolet, and visible light dosimetry. A prototype device is also developed for long‐duration daylight measurements. These findings enhance the understanding of the photochromic behavior in inorganic materials and can stimulate the exploration of new photochromic dosimeters.
Single‐Site Occupancy of Eu2+ in Multiple Cations Enables Efficient Ultra‐Broadband Visible to Near‐Infrared Luminescence
Authors: Tang Zuobin , Du Feng , Zhao Lei , Liu Hu , Leng Zhihua , Xie Huidong , Zhang Gangyi , Wang Yuhua 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAn important challenge in the research and development of compact near‐infrared (NIR) light sources is the discovery of new efficient ultra‐broadband NIR luminescent materials to replace the conventional Cr3+‐doped compounds. Herein, this work reports a divalent europium‐doped Ba3GeO4Br2 phosphor that exhibits a high photoluminescence quantum yield of 48.8% and an ultra‐broad emission band ranging continuously from 500 to 1100 nm (full width at half maximum = 202 nm) under near‐ultraviolet or blue light excitation. A strategy of embedding alumina crucible in high purity graphite crucible is devised and deployed during solid‐state sintering to facilitate the conversion of Eu3+ into Eu2+. Theoretical calculations, structural refinement, and spectral analysis demonstrate that the visible to NIR emission in Ba3GeO4Br2:Eu2+ originates from the Eu2+ ions occupying the distorted Ba3O3Br4 polyhedra in the lattice. The as‐prepared phosphor‐converted light‐emitting diode device achieves an optical output power of 30.1 mW@100 mA (520–1100 nm) and a photoelectric efficiency of 22%@100 mA (350–1100 nm). Experiments on tissue penetration and NIR imaging illustrate its application in spectral detection and food quality testing appears promising.
Galvanic corrosion behavior and numerical simulation of 5083 aluminum alloy and Q235 steel in 3.5% NaCl solution
Authors: Rong Husong , Fan Weijie , Shan Borong , Yang Jie , Ding Rui , Zhao Xiaodong 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn marine engineering structures, the combination of different materials is inevitable, and the risk of galvanic corrosion is common. In this study, the effects of temperature on the corrosion behavior of 5083 aluminum alloy and Q235 steel in 3.5% NaCl solution were studied by scanning Kelvin probe, stereomicroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, and electrochemical analysis. When the 5083 aluminum alloy and Q235 steel were coupled, the 5083 aluminum alloy was the anode, and its corrosion rate was accelerated. Results showed that with increasing temperature, the galvanic potential shifted to slightly more negative values, the galvanic current density increased, and the increase in temperature accelerated the galvanic corrosion rate. A galvanic corrosion simulation model was established, the polarization curve fitting parameters of 5083 aluminum alloy and Q235 steel were used as boundary conditions, and the potential distribution and current density distribution on the electrode surface were simulated by the finite element method. Simulation results were generally consistent with experimental results.
Potential influence of microorganisms on the corrosion of the carbon steel in the French high‐level long‐lived nuclear waste disposal context at 50°C
Authors: Diler Erwan , Leblanc Vanessa , Gueuné Hervé , Maillot Valerie , Linard Yannick , Charrier Gaëlle , Crusset Didier 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn this study, short‐term experiments were carried out to assess the microbially influenced corrosion (MIC) risk in the context of the French high‐level radioactive waste disposal CIGEO (Centre Industriel de Stockage Géologique). The exposures were carried out in different representative media, including the presence of different cement‐grout mixtures as filling material. Nonsterile and biotic conditions with nutrients were considered. For biotic conditions, specific preparations of microbial inoculum were carried out from samples collected at ANDRA's Underground Research Laboratory and microorganisms from the library. Corrosion kinetics were determined using both traditional coupons and completed with real‐time electrical resistance sensors. Microbiological characterizations consisted of cultural approach, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and next‐generation sequencing. The obtained results show no significant MIC, but a reduced risk was observed using more alkaline filling materials.
From Castor Oil‐Based Multifunctional Polyols to Waterborne Polyurethanes: Synthesis and Properties
Authors: Zhang Yuehong , Wu Zhenqiang , Shi Lei , Dai Langlang , Liu Ruijing , Zhang Lei , Lyu Bin , Zhao Shunhua , Thakur Vijay Kumar 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA novel castor oil‐based multifunctional polyol (CM) is fabricated through mild thiol‐ene photo induced reactions using castor oil (CO) and 1‐thioglycerol (MPD) as building blocks. The effect of the reaction time, molar ratio of thiol to carbon–carbon double bond, and the loadings of photo‐initiator are optimized. The resulting CM is combined with CO and employed as cross‐linkers to prepare castor oil‐based water‐borne polyurethane emulsion with desirable mechanical properties and water resistance. Owing to the incorporation of CM cross‐linker with high hydroxyl value of 371 mg KOH/g (which is 2.27 times higher than that of the CO), the prepared castor oil‐based waterborne polyurethane (CMWPU) possesses compacted 3D network structure with high cross‐linking degree, leading to improved glass transition temperature (45 °C), tensile strength (10.8 MPa), water contact angle (87.4°), and decreased water absorption rate (16.12%) with 20% CM additions. Overall, this work illustrates the feasibility of introducing bio renewable CM combined with CO to develop castor oil‐based WPU employing a sustainable development strategy.
On the volume functional of compact manifolds with harmonic Weyl tensor
Authors: Baltazar Halyson , Batista Rondinelle , Bezerra Kelton 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe main aim of this article is to give the complete classification of critical metrics of the volume functional on a compact manifold M with boundary and under the harmonic Weyl tensor condition. In particular, we prove that a critical metric with a harmonic Weyl tensor on a simply connected compact manifold with the boundary isometric to a standard sphere must be isometric to a geodesic ball in a simply connected space form , , and . To this end, we first conclude the classification of such critical metrics under the Bach‐flat assumption and then we prove that both geometric conditions are equivalent in this situation.
Rank gain of Jacobians over number field extensions with prescribed Galois groups
Authors: Im Bo‐Hae , König Joachim 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe investigate the rank gain of elliptic curves, and more generally, Jacobian varieties, over non‐Galois extensions whose Galois closure has a Galois group permutation‐isomorphic to a prescribed group G (in short, “G‐extensions”). In particular, for alternating groups and (an infinite family of) projective linear groups G, we show that most elliptic curves over (for example) gain rank over infinitely many G‐extensions, conditional only on the parity conjecture. More generally, we provide a theoretical criterion, which allows to deduce that “many” elliptic curves gain rank over infinitely many G‐extensions, conditional on the parity conjecture and on the existence of geometric Galois realizations with group G and certain local properties.
Sequential chimeric fibula‐gracilis flap to salvage a complex orbitomaxillary defect: A case report
Authors: De Cicco Davide , Bottini Gian Battista , Gaggl Alexander 
Published: January 2023

AbstractExtended maxillectomies with orbital exenteration and facial soft tissue resection need careful planning to achieve satisfactory functional and esthetic outcomes. Only a few solutions provide enough hard and soft tissue on a single pedicle, and only some reconstructive goals might be achievable with a single flap. This paper describes an original inset of the gracilis muscle free flap, used in a vessels depleted patient to salvage a partially failed multi‐flap reconstruction after an extensive maxillectomy. A 55‐years old man underwent a surgical intervention for a fibrosarcoma of the right maxilla. Due to the disease extension, the resection included right maxilla and palate, the overlying facial soft tissues (including the paranasal, cheek, and infraorbital regions), and the entire orbital content (orbital exenteration). A double flap reconstruction—a free fibula flap and a deep circumflex iliac artery flap—was carried out primarily. However, an intraoperative complication caused a partial flap loss, resulting in a complex tridimensional defect of the orbit and the oral cavity. Therefore, a 18 cm long gracilis muscle free flap was used to fill the defect and save the remaining bony reconstruction. The muscle was inset behind the transplanted bone to seal both the orbit and the oral cavity. No complications occurred after the salvage surgery, with a stable result at the 6‐months follow‐up. The designed gracilis muscle free flap proved a reliable option for this salvage surgery. However, it could be helpful also in the primary reconstruction of extended maxillectomies in combination with another composite free flap.
Digital mammography: The excitement of creating a new imaging modality
Authors: Yaffe Martin J. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBeginning around 1972 with the introduction of CT, a steady transition from analog to digital imaging in radiology took place. Here, I offer a personal perspective of the exciting multi‐institutional and multidisciplinary team effort of developing digital mammography. That effort required the collaboration of visionary individuals in academic research labs, industry, and the clinical arena, catalyzed by a focused commitment from government (NCI and The Office of Women's Health). This collaboration greatly accelerated the timeline from laboratory prototypes to clinical systems and evaluation, resulting in a new imaging modality and, later, several spinoff applications (CAD, contrast‐enhanced mammography, tomosynthesis) that provide improved earlier detection of breast cancer.