bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of high‐volume insecticide spraying on sand fly vectors in household gardens in Spain
Authors: Ortuño María , Muñoz‐Hernández Clara , Risueño José , Jumakanova Zarima , Farinella Alessia , Vaselek Slavica , Bernal Luis J. , Sánchez‐López Pedro F. , Collantes Francisco , Ruiz de Ybáñez Rocío , Martínez‐Carrasco Carlos , Pérez‐Cutillas Pedro , Berriatua Eduardo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study investigated the efficacy of high‐volume spraying with the adulticide α‐cypermethrin alone and in combination with the larvicide diflubenzuron on the density of sand flies in gardens of three detached households in periurban areas in southeast Spain. Treatments were applied four times between June and August 2016, and four nearby sites, two households and two non‐urbanized sites, were untreated controls. The number of sand flies collected between May and October 2016 using sticky interception and light attraction traps, was 4446 specimens. Species identified morphologically included Sergentomyia minuta (n = 2101; 48%), Phlebotomus perniciosus (n = 1922; 44%), Phlebotomus papatasi (n = 173; 4%), Phlebotomus sergenti (n = 161; 4%) and Phlebotomus ariasi (n = 36; 1%). Sand flies were detected in both treated and untreated sites. The proportion of positive sticky traps and the median (range) density of sand flies in positive traps were 61% traps and 7 (2–172) sand flies/m2/day in untreated sites, and 43% traps and 4 (1–56) sand flies/m2/day in treated sites (p < 0.05). Similarly, for light traps, it was 96% traps and 30 (3–168) flies/trap/day, and 83% traps and 3 (1–12) sand flies/trap/day, respectively (p < 0.05). However, sand fly density followed a comparable seasonal pattern in untreated and treated sites and did not consistently decrease following insecticide applications. These results were confirmed with mixed negative binomial modelling of sand fly density adjusted for time since application, month, environmental setting and site. The limited efficacy of the treatments, added to their cost, the impact of insecticides on non‐target organisms and human health, and the risk of development of insecticide resistance, should dissuade similar outdoor applications to control sand fly vector populations in residential areas.
Graph Neural Network-Based Design Decision Support for Shared Mobility Systems
Authors: Xiao Yinshuang , Ahmed Faez , Sha Zhenghui 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Emerging shared mobility systems are gaining popularity due to their significant economic and environmental benefits. In this paper, we present a network-based approach for predicting travel demand between stations (e.g., whether two stations have sufficient trips to form a strong connection) in shared mobility systems to support system design decisions. In particular, we answer the research question of whether local network information (e.g., the network neighboring station’s features of a station and its surrounding points of interest (POI), such as banks, schools, etc.) would influence the formation of a strong connection or not. If so, to what extent do such factors play a role? To answer this question, we propose using graph neural networks (GNNs), in which the concept of network embedding can capture and quantify the effect of local network structures. We compare the results with a regular artificial neural network (ANN) model that is agnostic to neighborhood information. This study is demonstrated using a real-world bike sharing system, the Divvy Bike in Chicago. We observe that the GNN prediction gains up to 8% higher performance than the ANN model. Our findings show that local network information is vital in the structure of a sharing mobility network, and the results generalize even when the network structure and density change significantly. With the GNN model, we show how it supports two crucial design decisions in bike sharing systems, i.e., where new stations should be added and how much capacity a station should have.
Motion Modeling of a 5-Axis Delta Robot with Telescopic Shafts
Authors: Alikoç Baran , Šustr Vojtěch , Zítek Filip , Burget Pavel , Lomakin Alexander 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This paper deals with motion modeling of a 5-axis industrial Delta robot. The robot has extra rotational two degrees-of-freedom (DoF) realized with a wrist arm driven through two co-axial telescopic shafts as compared to the basic 3-DoF Delta robot. The kinematic model is derived with fully symbolic Jacobian matrices. Using the derived Jacobians, a novel simplified dynamic model is proposed based on the virtual work principle and the trajectory dependent artificial mass distribution. As compared to the existing literature, the proposed dynamic model does not require Lagrangian multiplier calculation or recursive and parallel computing so that it provides advantage for model-based control design. Also a linear regression model is provided to identify the dynamic parameters. The presented models are suitable to be employed for basic Delta and the extended Delta robots with parallel telescopic shafts as well. The derived models are verified through a Simulink model where the 3D CAD files of robot bodies having the information of real dimensions, masses and moments of inertia are used. The adequate agreement of the proposed dynamic model with the simulation results is illustrated via performing three different generated trajectory profiles. We also demonstrate the better accuracy of the proposed dynamic model as compared to a simplified and widely employed model for basic 3-DoF Delta robot. The simulation model is shared online to serve as a research and test platform for performing tasks such as motion planning, model prototyping, and control design.
Hot-Wire Anemometry in High Subsonic Organic Vapor Flows
Authors: Hake Leander , aus der Wiesche Stefan , Sundermeier Stephan , Cakievski Leon , Bäumer Joshua , Cinnella Paola , Matar Camille , Gloerfelt Xavier 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe present contribution reports the outcome of an experimental and numerical investigation of the behavior of a constant-temperature hot-wire anemometer in the high-subsonic flow up to a Mach number of 0.7 of the organic vapor Novec™ 649 at pressure and temperature levels of typical organic Rankine cycle (ORC) turbine applications. The experiments were carried out in the calibration section of a closed-loop organic vapor wind tunnel test facility enabling the independent variation of Reynolds numbers, Mach numbers, and total temperature within a certain range. It was found that the calibration and the determination of the sensitivity coefficients can be done in a way as proposed by de Souza and Tavoularis for air. The sensitivity coefficients for velocity and density were essentially equal for higher overheat ratios which support the interpretation of the signals and data reduction for turbulent quantities. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) provided additional insight into potential real gas effects for hot-wire performance.
A Dynamic Model of Outer Race Defective Bearing Considering the Unbalanced Shaft-Bearing System With Experimental Simulation
Authors: Jain Prashant H. , Bhosle Santosh P. , Keche Ashok J. , Desavale Ramchandra G. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In this study, the effects of the evolution of bearing outer race defect size and increase in speed on the vibration characteristics of a shaft-bearing system under unbalanced conditions are simulated and analyzed. A two degrees-of-freedom mathematical model is presented for a ball bearing used in an unbalanced shaft-bearing system. The contact stiffness between the races and the balls is considered as a series of springs is incorporated in the model. Hertzian contact deformation theory is used to obtain the contact stiffness. This model considers the contact deformation between the balls and the races, the additional displacement between the balls and the inner race due to radial clearance and due to defect geometry. The maximum possible radial displacement of the ball into the defect is calculated analytically using the groove radius, ball radius, and defect diameter. The rectangular function is used for modeling the defect. matlab codes are developed for modeling the bearing and for solving the differential equations of motion using the Runge–Kutta method. The vibration responses (peak and root-mean-square (RMS) values) obtained by modeling and by experimentation show similar vibration characteristics. The investigation shows that the values of statistical parameters initially increase with the increase in defect size and then decrease with a further increase in defect size. While peak and RMS increase with the increase in speed, crest factor and kurtosis decrease with the increase in speed. Peak is more sensitive for diagnosing spalls on outer race and its evolution. This study helps as an effective diagnosis of antifriction bearings having spalls on the outer race under unbalanced conditions.
Strain shadow “megapores” in mid-crustal ultramylonites
Authors: Fusseis Florian , Allsop Craig , Gilgannon James , Schrank Christoph , Harley Simon , Schlepütz Christian M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMylonitic shear zones are important fluid conduits in the Earth’s crust. They host transient and permeable porosity that facilitates fluid transfer and controls fluid-rock interaction. Here we present microstructural observations from a mid-crustal ultramylonite with very large pores that occupy the strain shadows of albite porphyroclasts. Our non-invasive three-dimensional X-ray microtomographic data show that the largest of these strain shadow megapores have substantial volumes of as much as ∼1.7 × 105 µm3. Given that the sample shows no signs of retrogressive overprint or weathering, these pores must be synkinematic. Importantly, the close proximity of the pores to creep cavities in dynamically recrystallized quartz ribbon grains suggests a potential hydraulic link between fluid in the strain shadow megapores and fluid in the creeping rock matrix. The evolving megapores constitute very large syndeformational local fluid reservoirs in mylonites that likely fed into the granular fluid pump established by the dynamically evolving creep cavities. Our findings add to an emerging picture of the dynamic transport properties of ultramylonitic shear zones, where the formation and destruction of porosity are intrinsically linked to microscale deformation processes. They also suggest that despite many studies on porphyroclast systems, open questions remain, especially concerning the interaction of clasts with their matrix.
Valanginian climate cooling and environmental change driven by Paraná-Etendeka basalt erosion
Authors: Percival L.M.E. , Ownsworth E. , Robinson S.A. , Selby D. , Goderis S. , Claeys P. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The Valanginian Weissert Event (ca. 134 Ma) has long been linked to emplacement of the Paraná-Etendeka large igneous province (LIP). Although several Mesozoic crises were triggered by volcanic CO2 emissions and global warming, causing oceanic oxygen depletion, the Weissert Event featured climate cooling and limited marine anoxia. Here, the impact of silicate weathering on environmental change during the Weissert Event is investigated by presenting the first osmium isotope (187Os/188Os) data sets for the late Berriasian–Valanginian interval. These records document a possible rise in weathering and nutrient runoff during the latest Berriasian, followed by a switch to Paraná-Etendeka basalt erosion during the Valanginian. The high weatherability of LIP basalts enhanced global silicate weathering despite limited coeval climate warming. This weathering triggered the documented cooling, with consequent micronutrient runoff potentially aiding ocean fertilization, highlighting a mechanism linking LIP formation with environmental change that was uniquely different than that of other Mesozoic crises.
Five-year results of atropine 0.01% efficacy in the myopia control in a European population
Authors: Moriche-Carretero Manuel , Revilla-Amores Remedios , Gutiérrez-Blanco Ana , Moreno-Morillo Francisco Javier , Martinez-Perez Clara , Sánchez-Tena Miguel Ángel , Alvarez-Peregrina Cristina 
Published: June 2023

AimsTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of 0.01% atropine eye-drops in controlling myopia progression over 5 years.MethodsExperimental, analytical, prospective, randomised and longitudinal study, in 361 right eyes from 361 children randomised into the control group (177 eyes without treatment) and treatment group (184 eyes with 0.01% atropine eye-drops). Children assigned to the treatment group used 0.01% atropine once a day every night and the control group’s children did not use any treatment or placebo. All the subjects completed an eye examination every 6 months for the 5 years of follow-up. The examination included subjective and objective refraction with cycloplegia, axial length (AL), keratometry and anterior chamber depth (ACD) to evaluate the efficacy of the treatment. It also included the anterior and posterior pole examination to evaluate the safety of the treatment.ResultsThe SE increased −0.63±0.42D in children after 5 years of treatment with 0.01% atropine, while in the control group the increase was −0.92±0.56D. AL increased 0.26±0.28 mm in the treatment group compared with 0.49±0.34 mm in the control group. Atropine 0.01% showed an efficacy of 31.5% and 46.9% in the control of the SE and AL increase, respectively. ACD and keratometry did not have significant changes between groups.ConclusionsAtropine 0.01% is effective in slowing myopia progression in a European population. There were no side effects after 5 years of 0.01% atropine.
Fish length, diet, and depth drive Anisakis levels in a zooplankton-feeding fish
Authors: Cresson Pierre , Bourgau Odile , Cordier Remy , Couvreur Clémence , Rouquette Manuel , Gay Mélanie 
Published: June 2023

Parasites play a key but overlooked role in the functioning of marine systems. Understanding the drivers of parasite infection in fish is thus crucial. Anisakis levels in the Atlantic horse mackerel Trachurus trachurus resulted from both biotic and environmental drivers. Ontogenic variation of the diet was the first driver of Anisakis level. The nonlinear pattern confirmed that the variation in parasitism was related to ontogenetic dietary shifts. The impact of depth on diet also explained the effect of depth on parasites. In deeper areas, fish only access pelagic prey, where Anisakis presence is high, consistent with the pelagic nature of the parasite. Finally, relative proportions of parasitic burden by tissue appeared to be driven by lipid content. In lipid-rich species like T. trachurus, Anisakis can find favorable conditions in the body cavity and in muscle and avoid the liver. Parasitism levels in fish are thus the result of patterns at play at different levels, and these factors should be better considered before being able to include parasites in an integrated vision of marine ecosystem functioning.
Variable synchrony in insect outbreak cycling across a forest landscape gradient: multi-scale evidence from trembling aspen in Alberta
Authors: Cooke Barry J. , Roland Jens 
Published: June 2023

Using multi-scale trembling aspen tree-ring width data from Alberta, we show that scaling has a profound influence on dendroecological inferencing. At all scales of sampling, there is a significant climatological signal whose strength is nevertheless superseded by the pervasive effect of insect herbivory. At the smallest spatial scale, 20 km × 20 km, we demonstrate a quasi-periodic pattern of sharp growth reductions and the existence of negative spatial correlations among successive outbreaks. At the intermediate spatial scale of 20 km × 80 km, we show that the period 1930–1963 was marked by extremely low correlations in aspen ring widths, with much higher correlations occurring both before and after, despite high variance in precipitation that might have caused ring widths to correlate under moisture limitation. At the largest spatial scale of the entire province, aspen ring widths in the boreal forest became decorrelated abruptly in 1916, after cycling synchronously for the previous 80 years. This occurred despite a warming climate that heightened moisture limitation. Something in the environment prevents some outbreak cycles from rising to maximum intensity and from spreading to maximum extent. This appears to be the key to better predictability and management of forest insects and forests at short and long time-scales.
Gradient-flowed order parameter for spontaneous gauge symmetry breaking
Authors: Kikuchi Kengo , Nishiwaki Kenji , Oda Kin-ya 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe gauge-invariant two-point function of the Higgs field at the same spacetime point can make a natural gauge-invariant order parameter for spontaneous gauge symmetry breaking. However, this composite operator is ultraviolet divergent and is not well defined. We propose using a gradient flow to cure the divergence from putting the fields at the same spacetime point. As a first step, we compute it for the Abelian Higgs model with a positive mass squared at the one-loop order in the continuum theory using the saddle-point method to estimate the finite part. The order parameter consistently goes to zero in the infrared limit of the infinite flow time.
Strong lensing and shadow of Ayon-Beato–Garcia (ABG) nonsingular black hole
Authors: Ramadhan H. S. , Ishlah M. F. , Pratama F. P. , Alfredo I. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe study nonsingular black holes viewed from the point of view of Ayon-Beato–Garcia (ABG) nonlinear electrodynamics (NLED) and present a complete study of their corresponding strong gravitational lensing. The NLED modifies the the photon’s geodesic, and our calculations show that such effect increases the corresponding photon sphere radius and image separation, but decreases the magnification. We also show that the ABG’s shadow radius is not compatible with bound estimates of Sgr A* from Keck and VLTI (Very Large Telescope Interferometer). Thus, the possibility of Sgr A* being a nonsingular ABG black hole is ruled out.
Bridging the Gap between Diseases of the Stomach and Lower Esophagus
Authors: Stachler Matthew D. 
Published: June 2023

Summary:In this issue of Cancer Discovery, Nowicki-Osuch and colleagues perform an extensive characterization and analysis of single-cell RNA-sequencing data of the tubal gastrointestinal system, including a spectrum of inflammatory conditions and intestinal metaplasia of the stomach and esophagus. They show that both gastric and esophageal intestinal metaplasia share similarities at the transcript and protein levels. Interestingly, they show that individual cells within areas of metaplasia can coexpress transcriptional programs of both gastric and intestinal epithelia.See related article by Nowicki-Osuch et al., 1346 (6).
The Residents of The Comoros and Sustainable Tourism
Authors: Sarı Ömer , Meydan Uygur Selma , Abdourahmane Ali 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Sustainable tourism development in island destinations is closely linked to the positive attitude of the local people. And the full participatory approach of the islanders depends on the compatibility of the desired benefits with the perceived benefits, in line with the scope of social change theory. In this respect, this study was conducted in the Comoros, where no research on sustainable tourism has been carried out before although the attractive physical environment draws a significant number of visitors. The study was conducted with multiple research methods. First, a document review of visitor data was done to determine the tourism potential of the Comoros. Then, survey statements were compiled from the relevant literature and 504 local people were surveyed to measure their perception of sustainable tourism. Explanatory factor analysis, correlation analysis, independent t-test and variance analysis were performed in accordance with the research problematic regarding the data obtained. The analysis results show that all dimensions are interrelated and that the environmental dimension is the most important. While there was no significant difference in age and gender characteristics and perceptions of sustainable tourism, it was determined that there was a significant difference in monthly income, education level, city of residence (island) working status sector of employment and marital status of the participants and their perceptions.
Mesorhabditis sudafricana n. sp. (Rhabditida, Mesorhabditidae), a new species with a short tail from South Africa
Authors: Shokoohi Ebrahim , Abolafia Joaquín , Swart Antoinette , Moyo Ngonidzashe , Eisenback Jonathan 
Published: June 2023

Summary
During a survey of soil nematodes in 2022, a free-living bacterivorous nematode, described here as Mesorhabditis sudafricana n. sp., was discovered in association with kikuyu grass in Limpopo Province, South Africa. The new species was distinguished by a relatively long body (716-815 μm in females and 605-689 μm in males), long spicules (61-66 μm), and gubernaculum (22-24 μm) and a short tail (15-20 μm in females and 18-21 μm in males). The vulva is positioned posteriad (93-95% of body length), and the distance from vulva to anus is long (1.5-1.9 times tail length). Additionally, the new species bears seven lateral field incisures and a peloderan bursa with the genital papillae in arrangement 2/3+ph+1+3, being two precloacal and eight postcloacal. The 28S rDNA BlastN showed 94% similarity with an unidentified Mesorhabditis (deposited as Bursilla (EF990722). By contrast, the ITS rDNA BlastN showed 82% similarity with Mesorhabditis paucipapillata (MT710243). The phylogenetic analysis of 28S and ITS rDNA placed the new species separately from the other Mesorhabditis. Description, measurements, illustrations and SEM micrographs for M. sudafricana n. sp. are provided.
The Gifts of Erasmus
Authors: Barker William 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The article is a short introduction to the life-long gift-practice of Erasmus—the gifts he received, the gifts he gave, and the symbolic and moral meaning of the gift cycle of reception, gratitude, and reciprocation that pertained to a wide range of exchanges—from small objects to casks of wine to large gifts of money. His book dedications also belonged to that same gift cycle. His management of gifts was driven in part by necessity, as he needed funds and sometimes protection in order to pursue his studies and writing outside the normal framework of institutional structures. Gifts were a sign of his capacity to flourish within the community of friends (and donors) that he was able to draw around himself.
Reflections on Teaching Quantitative Methods in Arabic to Graduate Students from the mena Region
Authors: Shamaileh Ammar , Amengay Abdelkarim 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Despite a growing reliance on quantitative methods in the study of mena politics globally, political scientists from the region have broadly resisted such trends. While mena scholars should not be beholden to methodological trends in other regions, there is a need to provide students with an interest in quantitative methods opportunities to receive such training in Arabic. The Summer School for Quantitative Methods was a virtual five-day program offered by the Arab Political Science Network (apsn) and the Doha Institute for Graduate Studies from May 29 to June 2, 2022. The primary aim of ssqm was to address the gap noted above and introduce political science graduate students from the Arabic-speaking world to quantitative empirical analysis. The program accomplished its immediate goals, and the application process showed a significant demand for training in quantitative methods in the region, yet future projects should take into consideration the considerable challenges we faced.