bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A collection of read depth profiles at structural variant breakpoints
Authors: Bezdvornykh Igor , Cherkasov Nikolay , Kanapin Alexander , Samsonova Anastasia 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSWaveform, a newly created open genome-wide resource for read depth signal in the vicinity of structural variant (SV) breakpoints, aims to boost development of computational tools and algorithms for discovery of genomic rearrangement events from sequencing data. SVs are a dominant force shaping genomes and substantially contributing to genetic diversity. Still, there are challenges in reliable and efficient genotyping of SVs from whole genome sequencing data, thus delaying translation into clinical applications and wasting valuable resources. SWaveform includes a database containing ~7 M of read depth profiles at SV breakpoints extracted from 911 sequencing samples generated by the Human Genome Diversity Project, generalised patterns of the signal at breakpoints, an interface for navigation and download, as well as a toolbox for local deployment with user’s data. The dataset can be of immense value to bioinformatics and engineering communities as it empowers smooth application of intelligent signal processing and machine learning techniques for discovery of genomic rearrangement events and thus opens the floodgates for development of innovative algorithms and software.
High frequency of viridians group streptococci bacteremia in pediatric neuroblastoma high-risk patients during induction chemotherapy
Authors: El Kebbi Ola , Prather Cassandra S. , Elmuti Lena , Khalifeh Malak , Alali Muayad 
Published: April 2023

AbstractExisting literature on febrile neutropenia (FN) has categorized patients with acute leukemia or those undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT) as being high risk for severe infection, bacteremia, and poor outcomes. Comprehensive studies of infection risk in pediatric high-risk neuroblastoma (NB-HR) during induction chemotherapy are limited, and mostly merged within the solid tumor (ST) group. Therefore, it is unclear whether infectious complications and outcomes for NB-HR are the same as in other ST groups. We conducted a retrospective medical record review of pediatric FN patients in a single center from March 2009 to December 2016. FN episodes were categorized into five groups based on underlying diagnosis (acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), NB-HR during induction chemotherapy, other solid tumors, and SCT). Comparative analyses of infectious complications between patients with NB-HR and those with other types of cancer diagnoses were performed. A total of 667 FN episodes (FNEs) were identified in 230 patients. FNEs occurred in 82 episodes with NB-HR. Bloodstream infection (BSI) occurred in 145 (21.7%) of total FN episodes. The most isolated organisms were the viridians group streptococci (VGS) (25%). NB-HR patients have higher rates of VGS bacteremia (OR 0.15, 95% [CI 0.04, 0.56]) and are more likely to be admitted to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) compared to patients with other solid tumors (OR 0.36, 95% [CI 0.15, 0.84]). Interestingly, there is no difference in VGS rates between patients with NB-HR and those with AML despite the fact that NB-HR patients do not receive a cytosine arabinoside (AraC)-based regimen. This large neuroblastoma cohort showed that patients with NB-HR during induction chemotherapy are at higher risk for VGS bacteremia and PICU admissions compared with patients with other solid tumors. Further prospective studies are needed to investigate infection-related complications in this high-risk group and to improve morbidity and mortality.
A large-scale functional analysis of genes expressed differentially in insulin secreting MIN6 sublines with high versus mildly reduced glucose-responsiveness
Authors: Tanaka Aya , Kosuda Minami , Yamana Midori , Furukawa Asami , Nagasawa Akiko , Fujishiro Midori , Kohno Genta , Ishihara Hisamitsu 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMolecular mechanisms of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) from pancreatic β-cells are not fully understood. GSIS deteriorations are believed to underlie the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. By comparing transcript levels of 3 insulin secreting MIN6 cell sublines with strong glucose-responsiveness and 3 with mildly reduced responsiveness, we identified 630 differentially expressed genes. Using our recently developed system based on recombinase-mediated cassette exchange, we conducted large-scale generation of stable clones overexpressing such genes in the doxycycline-regulated manner. We found that overexpressions of 18, out of 83, genes altered GSIS. Sox11 ((sex determining region Y)-box 11) was selected to confirm its roles in regulating insulin secretion, and the gene was subjected to shRNA-mediated suppression. While Sox11 overexpression decreased GSIS, its suppression increased GSIS, confirming the role of Sox11 as a negative regulator of insulin secretion. Furthermore, metabolic experiments using radiolabelled glucose showed Sox11 to participate in regulating glucose metabolism. Our data suggested that overexpression screening is a feasible option for systemic functional testing to identify important genes in GSIS.
Optimized multiherbal combination and in vivo anti-skin aging potential: a randomized double blind placebo controlled study
Authors: Poomanee Worrapan , Yaowiwat Nara , Pattarachaidaecharuch Tunpidcha , Leelapornpisid Pimporn 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe present study aimed to optimize a multi-herbal combination exerting the greatest antioxidant property using statistical method for anti-skin aging application as well as to elucidate its in vivo safety and anti-skin aging potential. The multi-herbal combination was optimized using a two-level, full factorial approach by exploring the correlation between the concentrations (0–3%w/v) of three extracts from Centella asiatica (CA), Momordica cochinchinensis (MA), Phyllanthus emblica (EM). An anti-skin aging emulsion containing the optimized combination was then developed and evaluated for its physicochemical characteristics with its stability under storage conditions. The in vivo anti-skin aging potential of the emulsion was subsequently investigated among 60 women in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Skin hydration, elasticity and wrinkles at eye and cheek areas were measured at baseline, after 30 and 60 days of application. Before performance testing, in vivo skin irritation was evaluated using the patch test and homogeneity between groups was also statistically analyzed. According to the model describing the significant main effects of each extract and interaction effects between extracts on percent inhibition against DPPH radicals, the best multi-herbal combination consisted of 3%w/v EM and 3%w/v CA. The developed emulsion containing the combination presented smooth soft texture with good stability in terms of physical characteristics and biological property. Regarding the clinical study, no skin erythema and edema was reported among in all volunteers. After 60 days of application, significantly improved skin hydration, elasticity and wrinkles were observed in the test group. In addition, significantly reduced wrinkles were observed after 60 days in both skin areas of the test group. The anti-skin aging emulsion containing this optimized combination exhibited good safety and performance. Ultimately, this product comprises an effective anti-skin aging formulation for applications.
Psychrophilic enzymes: strategies for cold-adaptation
Authors: Collins Tony , Feller Georges 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Psychrophilic organisms thriving at near-zero temperatures synthesize cold-adapted enzymes to sustain cell metabolism. These enzymes have overcome the reduced molecular kinetic energy and increased viscosity inherent to their environment and maintained high catalytic rates by development of a diverse range of structural solutions. Most commonly, they are characterized by a high flexibility coupled with an intrinsic structural instability and reduced substrate affinity. However, this paradigm for cold-adaptation is not universal as some cold-active enzymes with high stability and/or high substrate affinity and/or even an unaltered flexibility have been reported, pointing to alternative adaptation strategies. Indeed, cold-adaptation can involve any of a number of a diverse range of structural modifications, or combinations of modifications, depending on the enzyme involved, its function, structure, stability, and evolutionary history. This paper presents the challenges, properties, and adaptation strategies of these enzymes.
The role of magnetic fields in the formation of multiple massive stars
Authors: Mignon-Risse R. , González M. , Commerçon B. 
Published: April 2023

Context. Most massive stars are located in multiple stellar systems. Magnetic fields are believed to be essential in the accretion and ejection processes around single massive protostars.
Aims. Our aim is to unveil the influence of magnetic fields in the formation of multiple massive stars, in particular on the fragmentation modes and properties of the multiple protostellar system.
Methods. Using RAMSES, we follow the collapse of a massive pre-stellar core with (non-ideal) radiation-(magneto-)hydrodynamics. We choose a setup that promotes multiple stellar system formation in order to investigate the influence of magnetic fields on the multiple system’s properties.
Results. In the purely hydrodynamical models, we always obtain (at least) binary systems following the fragmentation of an axisymmetric density bump in a Toomre-unstable disk around the primary sink. This result sets the frame for further study of stellar multiplicity. When more than two stars are present in these early phases, their gravitational interaction triggers mergers until there are only two stars left. The following gas accretion increases their orbital separation, and hierarchical fragmentation occurs so that both stars host a comparable disk as well as a stellar system that then also forms a similar disk. Disk-related fragmenting structures are qualitatively resolved when the finest resolution is approximately 1/20 of the disk radius. We identify several modes of fragmentation: Toomre-unstable disk fragmentation, arm-arm collision, and arm-filament collision. Disks grow in size until they fragment and become truncated as the newly formed companion gains mass. When including magnetic fields, the picture evolves: The primary disk is initially elongated into a bar; it produces less fragments; disk formation and arm-arm collision are captured at comparatively higher resolution; and arm-filament collision is absent. Magnetic fields reduce the initial orbital separation but do not affect its further evolution, which is mainly driven by gas accretion. With magnetic fields, the growth of individual disks is regulated even in the absence of fragmentation or truncation.
Conclusions. Hierarchical fragmentation is seen in unmagnetized and magnetized models. Magnetic fields, including non-ideal effects, are important because they remove certain fragmentation modes and limit the growth of disks, which is otherwise only limited through fragmentation.
The F-CHROMA grid of 1D RADYN flare models
Authors: Carlsson Mats , Fletcher Lyndsay , Allred Joel , Heinzel Petr , Kašparová Jana , Kowalski Adam , Mathioudakis Mihalis , Reid Aaron , Simões Paulo J. A. 
Published: April 2023

Context. Solar flares are the result of the sudden release of magnetic energy in the corona. Much of this energy goes into accelerating charged particles to high velocity. These particles travel along the magnetic field and the energy is dissipated when the density gets high enough, primarily in the solar chromosphere. Modelling this region is difficult because the radiation energy balance is dominated by strong, optically thick spectral lines.
Aims. Our aim is to provide the community with realistic simulations of a flaring loop with an emphasis on the detailed treatment of the chromospheric energy balance. This will enable a detailed comparison of existing and upcoming observations with synthetic observables from the simulations, thereby elucidating the complex interactions in a flaring chromosphere.
Methods. We used the 1D radiation hydrodynamics code RADYN to perform simulations of the effect of a beam of electrons injected at the apex of a solar coronal loop. A grid of models was produced, varying the total energy input, the steepness, and low-energy cutoff of the beam energy spectrum.
Results. The full simulation results for a grid of models are made available online. Some general properties of the simulations are discussed.
Écrouir le fluage des sols mous par préchargement
Authors: Baguelin François 
Published: April 2023

Dans le cas de construction d’un remblai sur un site de sols mous, le préchargement est souvent utilisé, conjointement avec des drains verticaux, pour réduire, d’une part, le délai de construction et, d’autre part, l’amplitude du tassement en service. Une méthode de calcul de l’écrouissage du fluage est présentée dans ces conditions sur la base du modèle de fluage de Bjerrum (1967 : Engineering geology of Norvegian normally-consolidated marine clays as related to settlements of buildings. Géotechnique 17: 81–118). On illustre son application sur le chantier des parkings du magasin IKEA à Bayonne, avec sa confrontation aux mesures de tassement sur un an.
Medizinisches Cannabis
Authors: Kramer Johannes , Pogarell Oliver 
Published: April 2023

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGEs liegen Untersuchungen zur Wirksamkeit von Cannabinoiden bei psychischen Störungen vor, jedoch fehlen ausreichende große, randomisiert-kontrollierte Studien mit Replikation. Der genaue Effekt von Cannabinoiden auf die Psychopathologie der jeweiligen Störungen konnte ebenfalls nicht mit hinreichender Evidenz belegt werden. Es ergaben sich jedoch keine Hinweise auf schwerwiegende Nebenwirkungen. Allgemeine Empfehlungen zum Einsatz von Cannabinoiden bei psychischen Störungen sind nicht möglich, dennoch kann in Einzelfällen bei fehlender Neigung zu Substanzgebrauchsstörungen der Einsatz von Cannabinoiden durchaus sinnvoll sein, insbesondere bei Patienten mit komorbiden Schmerzstörungen.
Akute psychiatrische Störungsbilder und medizinische Notfälle im Zusammenhang mit dem Gebrauch von Cannabinoiden
Authors: Gahr Maximilian 
Published: April 2023

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGCannabinoidkonsum ist mit einem erhöhten Risiko für zahlreiche akute Erkrankungen assoziiert. Die bedeutsamsten akuten psychiatrischen Störungen durch Cannabinoidkonsum sind Intoxikationen. Diese können sich als Delir oder akute Psychose präsentieren. Cannabinoidkonsum erhöht insbesondere bei Adoleszenten das Risiko für Suizidalität und selbstverletzende Verhaltensweisen. Gelegentlich können Cannabinoidentzugssyndrome eine akute Therapie erfordern. Chronischer Cannabinoidkonsum kann zum Cannabinoid Hyperemesis Syndrome führen, das durch episodische, stereotype und akute Übelkeit mit Erbrechen und abdominellen Schmerzen charakterisiert ist. Cannabinoidkonsum hat möglicherweise prokonvulsive Effekte. Chronischer Cannabinoidkonsum führt zu zahlreichen pathologischen respiratorischen Veränderungen, die sich von denen des Tabakrauchens unterscheiden. Das Risiko für plötzlichen Herztod und kardio- und neurovaskuläre Erkrankungen wie Myokardinfarkt, akutes Koronarsyndrom, Vorhof- und Kammerflimmern, periphere arterielle Durchblutungsstörungen und Schlaganfall ist bei chronischem Cannabinoidkonsum erhöht. Cannabinoidkonsum ist zudem mit plötzlichem Tod und Suizid assoziiert. Die Toxizität und das Risiko für die genannten Erkrankungen sind bei synthetischen Cannabinoiden im Allgemeinen größer als bei Produkten aus Cannabis sativa. Cannabinoidkonsum sollte bei der Versorgung der genannten akuten Störungen berücksichtigt werden.
Cannabis-Verordnungen und Kostenübernahme von gesetzlicher und privater Krankenversicherung
Authors: Reuter Wolfgang 
Published: April 2023

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGSeit 2017 ist die Verordnung von medizinischem Cannabis zulasten der Gesetzlichen Krankenversicherung (GKV) durch das Gesetz grundsätzlich erlaubt. Der behandelnde Arzt muss hinsichtlich der Symptome und der Vortherapie des Patienten nur bestimmte, ebenfalls gesetzlich festgelegte Bedingungen berücksichtigen.Die Verordnungsfähigkeit von Cannabis umgeht durch dieses Gesetz den normalen, durch das AMNOG festgelegten Prozess der Überprüfung neuer Methoden und Therapien, für die die GKV aufkommen soll. Eine systematische Begleiterhebung mit anschließender Auswertung durch die Bundesopiumstelle soll dieses Manko ausgleichen. Die gesetzliche Regelung des Freizeitgebrauchs von Cannabis ist ein verwandtes, aber separat zu diskutierendes Thema.
Lone Pair Participation in a Decarboxylation Reaction: A New Design of a Boradecarboxylation Reaction
Authors: Naruse Yuji , Takamori Atsushi , Oda Kenji , Kosugi Takuya 
Published: April 2023

AbstractFor the mechanism of decarboxylation reactions, all textbooks state that electrons move from the πC=O bond. However, the most electron-donating bond orbital in the carbonyl group is expected to be the lone pair(s) on the oxygen. Thus, orbital theory with delocalization from a lone pair might be more appropriate than delocalization from the πC=O orbital. We confirmed this idea by theoretical calculations. In the transition state of 2-substituted β-keto acids, a boat conformation is expected to result in the exclusive generation of (E)-enols. Normally, the decarboxylation reaction occurs in polar solvents, so the resulting enols should be transformed into the corresponding ketones by tautomerization. The use of heteroatoms to obtain enolate or enol ethers without tautomerization would offer a diastereoselective enol(ate) synthesis with regioselectivity because the C=C double bond would always be introduced between two carbonyl groups. After screening heteroatoms by theoretical calculations, we found that boron is suitable for this purpose. We confirmed our idea by theoretical calculations, offering a new boradecarboxylation reaction for the diastereo- and regioselective production of enolates.
A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Comparing Drainage Alone versus Drainage with Primary Fistula Treatment for the Perianal Abscess in Children
Authors: Sun Yanting , Hao Shuang , Zhang Xi , Liang Hongtao , Yao Yibo , Lu Jingen , Wang Chen 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis systematic review and meta-analysis of nonrandomized studies (NRSs) aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of two types of surgical interventions (respectively drainage alone and drainage with primary fistula treatment) for perianal abscesses (PAs) in children. Studies from 1992 to July 2022 were searched in 10 electronic databases. All relevant NRSs with available data which compared surgical drainage with or without primary fistula treatment were included. Patients with underlying diseases which led to abscess formation were excluded. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to assess the risk of bias and quality of the included studies. The outcomes were the healing rate, fistula formation rate, fecal incontinence, and wound healing duration. A total of 16 articles with 1,262 patients were considered suitable for the final meta-analysis. Primary fistula treatment was associated with a significantly higher healing rate when compared with incision and drainage alone (odds ratio [OR]: 5.76, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.04–8.22). This aggressive procedure for PA resulted in an 86% reduction in the fistula formation rate (OR: 0.14, 95% CI: 0.06–0.32). Limited data showed patients who underwent primary fistula treatment have a minor effect on postoperative fecal incontinence. Primary fistula treatment demonstrates a better clinical efficacy in promoting the healing rate and decreasing the formation of fistulas in PAs in children. The available evidence for a minor impact on anal function after this intervention is less strong.
Evaluating Disparities in Pathways to Breast Reconstruction
Authors: Wang Sabrina M. , Njoroge Moreen W. , Mundy Lily R. , Sergesketter Amanda R. , Stukes Bryanna , Shammas Ronnie L. , Langdell Hannah C. , Geng Yisong , Hollenbeck Scott T. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background Rates of postmastectomy breast reconstruction have been shown to vary by racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic factors. In this study, we evaluated disparities across pathways toward breast reconstruction.
Methods All women who underwent mastectomy for breast cancer at a single institution from 2017 to 2018 were reviewed. Rates of discussions about reconstruction with breast surgeons, plastic surgery referrals, plastic surgery consultations, and ultimate decisions to pursue reconstruction were compared by race/ethnicity.
Results A total of 218 patients were included, with the racial/ethnic demographic of 56% white, 28% Black, 1% American Indian/Native Alaskan, 4% Asian, and 4% Hispanic/Latina. The overall incidence of postmastectomy breast reconstruction was 48%, which varied by race (white: 58% vs. Black: 34%; p < 0.001). Plastic surgery was discussed by the breast surgeon with 68% of patients, and referrals were made in 62% of patients. While older age (p < 0.001) and nonprivate insurance (p < 0.05) were associated with lower rates of plastic surgery discussion and referral, it did not vary by race/ethnicity. The need for an interpreter was associated with lower rates of discussion (p < 0.05). After multivariate adjustment, a lower reconstruction rate was associated with the Black race (odds ratio [OR] = 0.33; p = 0.014) and body mass index (BMI) ≥ 35 (OR = 0.14; p < 0.001). Elevated BMI did not disproportionately lower breast reconstruction rates in Black versus white women (p = 0.27).
Conclusion Despite statistically equivalent rates of plastic surgery discussions and referrals, black women had lower breast reconstruction rates versus white women. Lower rates of breast reconstruction in Black women likely represent an amalgamation of barriers to care; further exploration within our community is warranted to better understand the racial disparity observed.
Impact of video-based learning in business statistics: a longitudinal study
Authors: Lewis Naowarat , Lewis Rhidian , Luca Cristina 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMany undergraduate business students in the United Kingdom (UK) find themselves during the initial stages of their degree programmes required to study numerical subjects which, for many, have not been encountered since completing compulsory education. This paper considers the utilisation of a technology-based approach in order to support first-year undergraduate students engage with and achieve in the business numeracy subject area. The purpose of this paper is providing background introduction to new pedagogy through the use of technology. Through a longitudinal study conducted within a modern university in the UK over a 11-year period (2006–2017), this paper qualifies the impact of a video-based learning (VBL) approach on the achievement profiles of first-year undergraduate students within a modern business school. Results indicate that the use of a VBL approach such as that adopted within this study supports not only improvement in the number of students gaining an overall pass, but also an overall improvement amongst higher achieving students within business numeracy. Findings also demonstrate those characteristics of a VBL approach that support continuation of student engagement with the subject matter throughout their studies. Whilst such findings offer a range of benefits to both students and educators in enhancing student achievement, these also serve to introduce a new learning model which will be explored in subsequent research.