bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An automatic gastric polyp detection technique using deep learning
Authors: Mushtaq Dania , Madni Tahir Mustafa , Janjua Uzair Iqbal , Anwar Fozia , Kakakhail Ahmad 
Published: January 2023

AbstractOver the last few years, researchers have focused on computer‐aided polyp detection in gastroscopy. Deep learning (DL) has shown great promise for polyps' identification. The most exceptional contribution of DL methods in gastroenterology is their ability to identify polyps quickly and accurately using convolution neural network. Nonetheless, despite significant advancements, automatic detection of small polyps remains a challenging and complex task. Furthermore, due to multiple pooling operations, the features of small polyps are lost, resulting in low detection accuracy. This paper proposes an efficient object detection method for polyp detection using gastric images to address this issue. A single‐shot multi‐box detector (SSD) was combined with the feature extractor VGG‐16, and the Refined Map Block (RMB) was integrated into SSD's high‐resolution feature maps to get more semantic information. The RMB output was used as the input to the successive layers. The RMB comprises of attention cascade and feature map concatenation cascade. The attention cascade improved the localization accuracy, while the feature map concatenation cascade improved the classification accuracy. Using the former, the proposed attention‐based SSD for gastric polyps (ASSD‐GPNet) model focused on the specific information, a polyp, rather than the background. Furthermore, the feature map concatenation cascade adds semantic information while reducing computational complexity. The output of these two cascades was combined to produce a refined feature map that enhances the detection of small polyps. The model was trained and tested on 1970 gastric images and Pascal VOC07 + 12. Image augmentation was applied to increase the training data of gastric images to reduce overfitting and skip connections were used to overcome the vanishing gradient problem. Overall, the experimental results demonstrated that the proposed model outperformed than compared models in both medical and natural images. The ASSD‐GPNet obtained mean average precision (mAP) of 94.2% on gastric images and 76.9% on Pascal VOC.
Effects of personal relative deprivation on the relationship between anger rumination and aggression during and after the COVID‐19 pandemic lockdown: A longitudinal moderated network approach
Authors: Tao Yanqiang , Niu Haiqun , Li Yue , Liu Xueting , Wang Shujian , Ma Zijuan , Hou Wenxin , Liu Xiangping 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIntroductionSeveral studies have demonstrated a directional link between rage rumination and aggression. However, recent research suggests that this relationship is bidirectional. The current study examined the complex relationships between anger rumination and aggression using a moderated network approach in a longitudinal design while considering personal relative deprivation.MethodA total of 665 participants (59.25% female, agemean±SD = 19.01 ± 1.25) were enrolled at two‐time points. Assessments included self‐report measures of the Anger Rumination Scale, Buss‐Perry Aggression Questionnaire, and Relative Deprivation Scale. A Moderated Network Model (MMN) was used to test the complex links among anger rumination, aggression, and personal relative deprivation.ResultsThe analysis revealed that the link between anger rumination and aggression was complex and bidirectional. Notably, as the level of personal relative deprivation increased, verbal aggression had a positive conditional effect on anger afterthoughts in Wave 2, and thoughts of revenge had a positive conditional effect on verbal aggression in Wave 2. Moreover, as the first discovery, anger afterthoughts and anger had a negative conditional effect on each other across levels of personal relative deprivation in Wave 2. In addition, network comparison indicates that the MNMs structure was significantly different across timepoints, implying that anger rumination and aggression were inextricably linked in college students during isolation and that this complicated relationship was weakened after isolation.ConclusionsThis study deepens our understanding of the bidirectional relationships between anger rumination and aggression and recognizes the moderating role of personal relative deprivation.
Sonoelastography: A powerful technique in musculoskeletal imaging
Authors: Sibbitt Wilmer L. , Sibbitt Randy R. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSonoelastography is a powerful method available to observe the musculoskeletal system, and appears particularly valuable in detecting early tendinopathies, pursuing complaints of localized musculoskeletal pain, analyzing soft tissue masses, and research applications in musculoskeletal medicine.
Predictors and clinical complications associated with antiphospholipid antibodies in sickle cell disease
Authors: Rivera Claudia Rodriguez , Srisuwananukorn Andrew , Bajwa Rizma Jalees , Gordeuk Victor R. , Rauch Joyce , Levine Jerrold S. , Saraf Santosh L. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAlthough a higher prevalence of antiphospholipid autoantibodies (aPL) has been observed in some cohorts of sickle cell disease (SCD) patients, the clinical risk factors for the development of aPL and its associated complications remain unclear. In a retrospective study of 63 SCD patients, a lower hemoglobin concentration and higher white blood cell count were independently associated with an elevated aPL. SCD patients with elevated aPL had increased pregnancy complications (≥3 miscarriages, preterm delivery, pre‐eclampsia) and venous thrombotic events. Our findings suggest that SCD may predispose to the generation of aPL and that aPL itself may contribute to the vasculopathy of SCD. Prospective testing for aPL is warranted in patients with SCD.
Extreme hourly precipitation characteristics of Mainland China from 1980 to 2019
Authors: Wang Xiaoya , Jiang Weiguo , Wu Jianjun , Hou Peng , Dai Zhijun , Rao Pinzeng , Ling Ziyan , Deng Yue 
Published: January 2023

AbstractInstantaneous precipitation can often cause devastating disasters on the Earth's surface. Continuous increases in extreme precipitation around the world have caused widespread concern, and it is necessary to study the extreme hourly precipitation over a large scale and long time series. Using specific numbers of unique hourly precipitation point data from 1980 to 2019, our research found that there are different spatial patterns regarding the frequency and intensity of extreme hourly precipitation in Mainland China, but the clear spatial pattern of being weak in the west and strong in the east of China. Most extreme hourly precipitation events occurred from June to August in the north of China and from April to October in the south of China. Afternoon and midnight are the peak periods of extreme precipitation events in southern China. The frequency of extreme hourly precipitation in the whole of China had increased by 0.7 hr/10a and increased significantly in the northwest and southeast of China. The average intensity of extreme hourly precipitation has decreased by 0.1 mm·hr−1/10a in the whole of China. While the maximum intensity has increased in local areas, the trend of changes is not significant in the whole of China. We have discovered that rapid urbanization is likely to be responsible for the frequency of extreme hourly precipitation in China. It is urgent to enact flood protection measures because this change is expected to worsen in the future with intensified urbanization in China.
A multidimensional approach to making sense of COVID‐19 pandemic‐induced uncertainty: From interpreting to knowledge‐sharing among academics
Authors: Cacho Reynald , Ribiere Vincent , Amora Johnny 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis study investigates an exploratory uncertainty‐knowledge sharing model contextualized in terms of uncertainty induced by the COVID‐19 pandemic and based on the integrative framework of contingency theory and models of interpretation. The study attempts to explain the multidimensionality of and relationships between perceived environmental uncertainty types and knowledge‐sharing subprocesses. The presumptive connections between the variables are examined through an empirical study conducted with 224 academics from a large university in the Philippines. The results confirm the multidimensionality of uncertainty induced by the COVID‐19 pandemic and indicate that certain types of uncertainty drive knowledge‐donating and knowledge‐collecting behaviors within a knowledge‐intensive organization. The study offers theoretical and practical implications for reflective decision‐making in critical times and reciprocal intra‐organizational knowledge flows.
Spatio‐temporal analysis of land use/land cover change and urban growth dynamics of Silchar City, India using very high‐resolution satellite data and the Shannon entropy model
Authors: Mohabey Divya Prakash , Nongkynrih Jenita M. , Kumar Upendra 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSilchar City and its surrounding areas have witnessed massive population growth in the last few decades due to local and migrated peoples, which led to the rapid transformation of its land use/land cover (LU/LC) pattern. The spatio‐temporal very high‐resolution satellite data (VHRS) and on‐screen visual interpretation techniques were used for detailed large‐scale LU/LC analysis. The LU/LC classification of the City has been prepared for 2005, 2011, and 2018 with five primary and a further 17 sub‐classes. In the present study use was made of the Census of India reports from 1991 to 2011, and the geometrical increase method was used to evaluate the ward‐level population, population density, and land requirements for residential purposes; these have been predicted from 2021 to 2051 with every 10 years interval. The ity's wards have been classified into five zones, and the Shannon entropy model has been applied to analyze the degree of randomness and trends of urban built‐up growth. The obtained results indicate that Silchar City is compact near the center, which follows the infill built‐up growth trend. However, as the distance increased from its center, the scattering with an infill growth pattern was observed. The accuracy assessment techniques are used to validate the results of the classification. The results of this study can provide detailed information for land‐use planners, researchers, policy‐decision makers, and municipal authorities.
Interactions between the Grain‐for‐Green Program and check dams increased vegetation carbon sequestration in the Yanhe basin, Loess Plateau
Authors: Zhang Jianxiang , Wang Yafeng , Sun Jian , Chen Junhe , Zhang Jingtian , Wang Dong , Huo Huangyu , Liang Eryuan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractVegetation carbon sequestration, usually expressed by net primary production (NPP), is an important ecosystem service (ES) to mitigate global warming. Multiple soil and water conservation projects (SWCPs) have been implemented to restore disturbed ecosystems on the Loess Plateau (LP), as one of the most eroded areas in the world. However, responses of NPP to the conservation projects are unclear due to trade‐offs between NPP and other ESs. Herein, we quantified NPP and other key ESs (i.e., water yield, soil conservation, and crop production) and the spatio‐temporal trade‐offs among them, using RS/GIS techniques and ecosystem modelling in the Yanhe basin of the LP from 1990 to 2020. Furthermore, the structural equation model was used to quantify the impact of ecological restoration projects and programmes such as check dams, terraces, and the Grain‐for‐Green (GFG) on NPP. As shown by our results, NPP reached 457 t ha−1 in 2020, which was twice what it was in 1990. Moreover, we found increasing trade‐offs between NPP and other ESs at sub‐basin scale. Specifically, 63% of NPP changes were explained by ESs and SWCPs. The combined action of check dams and GFG can promote NPP and balance trade‐offs between NPP and other ESs, while terracing decreases NPP indirectly according to its specific soil and climate conditions. Overall, the main findings provide a better understanding of the interacting processes of multi‐projects that influence vegetation carbon sequestration and the sustainable utilization of ESs in hill and gully regions of the LP.
Optimal straw management co‐benefits crop yield and soil carbon sequestration of intensive farming systems
Authors: Wang Liang , Wang Enli , Qian Xin , Gao Yingbo , Zhang Hui , Li Zongxin , Liu Kaichang 
Published: January 2023

AbstractStraw retention has been widely recommended to sequester more soil organic carbon (SOC) in agricultural soils, while carbon sequestration may not respond linearly to additional carbon input amount. The response of SOC, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and economic income to different straw management methods in intensive wheat‐maize double cropping systems still need systematical study. An 8‐year field experiment was conducted in the Huang‐Huai‐Hai Plain to investigate the impacts of optimal straw management (wheat straw was all crushed and spread on the soil surface, maize straw was all crushed and returned t into 0‐15 cm soil layer) and optimal straw management (wheat straw was all crushed and spread on the soil surface, while maize straw was all harvested for feed) on SOC sequestrations, carbon economy and economic income. The results showed that only returning wheat straw into the field could maintain a similar crop yield (15.0 Mg ha−1) and SOC sequestration amount (9.06 Mg C ha−1) to the conventional straw management method. While this optimal straw management method kept a stable SOC sequestration rate of 1.24 Mg ha−1 yr−1 when the SOC sequestration rate decreased from 1.76 to 1.20 Mg ha−1 yr−1 in the conventional method. The optimal management method also further reduced GHG emissions by 85.4% and using maize straw as stock feed increased net income by 28.3%. Only returning wheat straw could realize economic and environmental benefits win‐win in the wheat‐maize double cropping systems, which provides important background knowledge about safe and sustainable agriculture.
Acclimation by diverse phytoplankton species determines oceanic carbon to nitrogen ratios
Authors: Masuda Yoshio , Yamanaka Yasuhiro , Smith Sherwood Lan , Hirata Takafumi , Nakano Hideyuki , Oka Akira , Sumata Hiroshi , Aita Maki Noguchi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe carbon to nitrogen (CN) ratio of phytoplankton connects the carbon and nitrogen cycles in the ocean. Any variation in this ratio under climate change will alter the amount of carbon fixed by photosynthesis, and ultimately the amount sequestered in the ocean. However, a consistent mechanistic explanation remains lacking for observed species‐specific variations in phytoplankton CN ratios. We show that acclimation to ambient environmental conditions explains the observed variation of phytoplankton CN ratios by incorporating phytoplankton acclimation theory based on a resource allocation trade‐off between carbon vs. nitrogen acquisition capacity into a three‐dimensional marine ecosystem model. Inter‐specific differences in CN ratio and its sensitivity are caused by inter‐specific differences in Droop's minimum nitrogen cell quota. Our model, constrained by observed phytoplankton parameters, shows that the global mean phytoplankton CN ratio is greater than the canonical Redfield ratio, as suggested previously based on regional in situ observations.
Dendritic Nanogels Directed Dual‐Encapsulation Topical Delivery System of Antimicrobial Peptides Targeting Skin Infections
Authors: Zhang Yuning , Håkansson Joakim , Fan Yanmiao , Andrén Oliver C. J. , San Jacinto García Jorge , Qin Liguo , Umerska Anita , Hutchinson Daniel J. , Lüchow Mads , Mahlapuu Margit , Malkoch Michael 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAntimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are promising antibacterial agents in the fight against multidrug resistant pathogens. However, their application to skin infections is limited by the absence of a realizable topical delivery strategy. Herein, a hybrid hierarchical delivery system for topical delivery of AMPs is accomplished through the incorporation of AMPs into dendritic nanogels (DNGs) and their subsequent embedding into poloxamer gel. The high level of control over the crosslink density and the number of chosen functionalities makes DNGs ideal capsules with tunable loading capacity for DPK‐060, a human kininogen‐derived AMP. Once embedded into the poloxamer gel, DPK‐060 encapsulated in DNGs displays a slower release rate compared to those entrapped directly in the gels. In vitro EpiDerm Skin Irritation Tests show good biocompatibility, while MIC and time‐kill curves reveal the potency of the peptide toward Staphylococcus aureus. Anti‐infection tests on ex vivo pig skin and in vivo mouse infection models demonstrate that formulations with 0.5% and 1% AMPs significantly inhibit the growth of S. aureus. Similar outcomes are observed for an in vivo mouse surgical site infection model. Importantly, when normalizing the bacteria inhibition to released/free DPK‐060 at the wound site, all formulations display superior efficacy compared to DPK‐060 in solution.
Development of a Water‐Dispersible Supramolecular Complex of Polyphenol with Polypeptides for Attenuation of the Allergic Response using a Mechanochemical Strategy
Authors: Kawasaki Riku , Kawamura Shogo , Kodama Tomoki , Yamana Keita , Maeda Akira , Yimiti Dilimulati , Miyaki Shigeru , Hino Shodai , Ozawa Naoki , Nishimura Tomoki , Kawamoto Seiji , Ikeda Atsushi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe prevalence of allergic disorders has increased worldwide in recent decades. Polyphenols, including resveratrol and curcumin, are posited to have potential as therapeutic agents for allergy; however, their use has been limited by poor water solubility. Accordingly, a highly concentrated, water dispersible, supramolecular complexes of polyphenols with polypeptides (poly‐L‐lysine, poly‐γ‐glutamic acid) and gelatin using high‐speed vibration milling are developed. The complex exhibits resistance to photobleaching and thermal radiation. Treatment of a rat basophilic leukemia cell line (RBL‐2H3) with polypeptide complexes containing resveratrol is suppressed allergic responses in vitro. Moreover, aerosolized administration of polypeptide complexes demonstrates excellent bioavailability and inhibition of immediate hypersensitivity reactions in ear tissue in vivo. Furthermore, the method avoids the use of organic solvent and therefore reduces undesirable biological responses.
Rare duplication of the CDC73 gene and atypical hyperparathyroidism‐jaw tumor syndrome: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Garrigues Guilhaume , Batisse‐Lignier Marie , Uhrhammer Nancy , Privat Maud , Ponelle‐Chachuat Flora , Kelly Antony , Gay‐Bellile Mathilde , Viala Sandrine , Bidet Yannick , Bignon Yves‐Jean , Cavaillé Mathias 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundHyperparathyroidism jaw‐tumor syndrome (HPT‐JT) is the rarest familial cause of primary hyperparathyroidism, with an incidence <1/1000000, caused by a pathogenic variant in the CDC73 (or HRPT2) gene that encodes parafibromin, a protein involved in many cellular mechanisms. Patients with HPT‐JT have a 15–20% of risk of developing parathyroid carcinoma, whereas it accounts for only 1% of all cases of primary hyperparathyroidism. Patients also develop jaw tumors in 30% of cases, kidney abnormalities in 15% of cases, and uterine tumors in 50% of patients.Case ReportHere are report two atypical cases of HPT‐JT with variable expressivity in the same family. In front of an isolated primary hyperparathyroidism at 28 years of age of incidental discovery following a weight gain, the propositus benefited a first‐line panel by Next‐Generation Sequencing of the genes involved in familial hyperparathyroidism: CaSR, CDC73, MEN1, and RET. Genetic testing revealed the presence of a pathogenic germline variation CDC73: c.687_688dup; p.Val230Glufs*28, found only in nine families in the literature and allowing the diagnosis of HPT‐JT. Given a history of primary hyperparathyroidism at 52 years and adenomyosis, the patient's mother also underwent a genetic analysis that found her daughter's variation and established her inherited trait.ConclusionIn view of the clinical and genotypic heterogeneity, we confirm the interest of using an extended gene panel for the diagnosis of familial primary hyperparathyroidism. CDC73 variations could be more frequent than described in the literature. The association of primary hyperparathyroidism with uterine involvement could be a new indication for analysis.
Improving mobile communications with antennas that map the channel and move to local maxima
Authors: Artner Gerald 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA technique is proposed that improves wireless communication channels in fading environments. The device creates a map of channel measurements. The device then moves its antenna to positions of the previously measured maximum within its reach. Proof‐of‐concept measurements were performed for smartphone‐sized devices in an office environment. A quarter‐wavelength monopole antenna for the 2.4 GHz frequency band successfully kept the channel at local maxima. The results show that small antenna movements over half of a wavelength are sufficient to keep the channel in local maxima, to avoid deep fading notches, and to improve channels over state‐of‐the‐art antennas that move with their devices. A channel model for the wireless communication channel of mobile devices with channel maximum antennas is proposed based on the measurement results.
Fruits of the city: The nature, nurture and future of urban foraging
Authors: Sardeshpande Mallika , Shackleton Charlie 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Urban foraging is a global informal phenomenon which has been investigated in the Global North more than other parts of the world. Characterising the nature of urban foraging in the Global South is imperative given the rapid urbanisation and sustainable development priorities in the region.

In this study, we interviewed 80 urban foragers in four cities in the eastern coastal region of South Africa, with an aim to understand the nature of urban foraging in a developing nation context. We asked foragers about their initiation to and motivations for foraging, their logistics, yields and associated activities, descriptions of their foraging grounds, and if and how they had changed, and what they envisage as an ideal future for foraging.

Many foragers started foraging in their childhood, in the company of friends and family, and, as in the Global North, regarded it as a cultural and recreational activity. Foraging was mostly done within a 5‐km radius of home, on a weekly or fortnightly basis, and very few foragers processed or sold their foraged products.

Unlike the Global North, formal green spaces were not foraged in, and were perceived to be poorly provisioned in urban planning. Forests and roadsides were equally used by the foragers, and very few had been discouraged from foraging. Most foragers were enthusiastic about the possibility of more people foraging, having designated spaces for foraging, and foraging‐based businesses such as processed products and ecotourism.

We recommend that policymakers and land managers recognise and encourage foraging as a potentially sustainable use for stewardship of urban green spaces. To this end, we list the main wild edible fruit species used by foragers in the area, which could be planted in public spaces. We also suggest harnessing foragers' knowledge of useful species and spaces to develop green spaces and foraging‐based supply chains.

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