bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Osteoarthrosis of the Hip: Synergism or Additive Effect in Combined Medication (with Corticosteroid and Phenylbutazone)
Authors: Wright V , Hopkins R , Asiedu-Ofei S , Fowler P D 
Published: July 2023

A double-blind study has been carried out in 30 patients to assess the value of Delta-Butazolidin (phenylbutazone 50 mg + prednisone 1.25 mg) in osteoarthrosis of the hip; and to establish the relative importance of the two active constituents. An incomplete crossover design was used, patients being divided into three groups. Each group received, in a randomly allocated sequence, two of the following three medications, for a period of three weeks: Delta-Butazolidin, prednisone 1.25 mg, placebo. The dosage administered was one tablet three times a day, and paracetamol was allowed as rescue analgesic. The following examinations and assessments were carried out: pain, inter-malleolar spread, walking time, tolerability, paracetamol consumption, haemoglobin, WBC and platelet count, ESR, phenylbutazone plasma levels. Delta-Butazolidin was found to be more effective than prednisone and placebo for all the variables assessed (except that prednisone had more effect on haemoglobin levels). Prednisone alone was more effective than placebo alone for all parameters (except walking time). The therapeutic blood levels of phenylbutazone achieved using the small dose of Butazolidin raise the question whether smaller doses of this drug could be recommended in the treatment of patients with osteoarthrosis, with a likely decrease in the incidence of side-effects. Even though Delta-Butazolidin was the most effective preparation, the clear effect of prednisone alone on a number of parameters strongly suggests that there is an inflammatory component in osteoarthrosis of the hip.
Drug and Non-Drug Factors Influencing Adverse Reactions to Pyrazoles
Authors: Fowler P D , Faragher E B 
Published: July 2023

Some of the factors influencing the likelihood of the appearance of adverse drug reactions in patients are identified and discussed. Ways of quantifying some of the risks of adverse reactions in different patients are demonstrated. It is pointed out that adverse reaction data can give valuable guidance for both day-to-day patient management and for the initiation or guidance of research projects. In this latter connection, this study highlights the difference in time of onset between aplastic anaemia and agranulocytosis, suggesting different mechanisms of reaction. The majority of adverse reactions occur during the first three weeks of treatment and it is during this time that patients must be most carefully supervised. The old patients should be watched with particular care. It is concluded that age, sex, disease being treated, length of treatment and even the geographical location where the patient lives, can affect the time, type, frequency and outcome of an adverse drug reaction.
Prioritising patients for hospital occupational therapy to reduce inpatient falls: A retrospective case-control study to identify predictive patient falls risk factors
Authors: Harper Kristie J , Mast Emily , Carter Grace , Katnich Trey , Oldham Vincent , Morrisby Claire 
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Prompt identification of patients susceptible to falls is required by occupational therapists to initiate early falls prevention and management strategies. This study identified the intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors of patients who experience early inpatient falls (within 48 hours of admission). Method: A retrospective case-control study was completed at a tertiary hospital. Data were extracted from medical records. Adults aged 18 years and older, admitted with any diagnosis, to any ward within the hospital between July 2019 and June 2020 were included. Cases were identified as those who fell within 48 hours of admission and controls did not experience a fall. Results: The study sample included 218 patients (109 cases and 109 control patients). Most falls occurred in the patient’s room ( n = 54) or bathroom ( n = 47), as a result of slipping ( n = 50) or while patients were toileting ( n = 32). Multivariate regression analysis identified significant predictors of inpatient falls, including unassisted mobilisation (odds ratio (OR) 5.25), impaired balance (OR 7.25), reduced muscle strength (OR 5.25) and impulsivity (OR 19.57). Receiving occupational therapy reduced risk of falling by 81%. Conclusion: Falls risk factors that are predictive of early inpatient falls should be identified at admission and used to prioritise patients for occupational therapy.
In Vivo Graft Elongation After Arthroscopic Dermal Superior Capsular Reconstruction
Authors: LeVasseur Clarissa M. , Kane Gillian , Hughes Jonathan D. , Lin Albert , Anderst William 
Published: July 2023

Background: Superior capsular reconstruction (SCR) is a procedure purported to restore stability of the glenohumeral joint after an irreparable rotator cuff tear, but the in vivo behavior of the graft is unknown. Previous work has not evaluated the relationship between graft deformation, kinematics, and healing. Purpose: To (1) determine regional graft elongation after SCR, (2) determine if graft elongation is related to graft healing, and (3) identify associations between graft elongation and changes in kinematics from presurgery to postsurgery. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: Ten patients who underwent SCR performed abduction and shoulder rotation with the arm at 90° of humerothoracic abduction before and 1 year after surgery while biplane radiographs were collected at 50 images per second. Kinematics was determined with submillimeter accuracy by matching patient-specific digitally reconstructed radiographs of the humerus and scapula to the biplane radiographs using a validated volumetric tracking technique. Graft elongation was calculated using motion of the graft anchors that were identified on postoperative magnetic resonance imaging. Differences in elongation between anterior and posterior regions of the graft, as well as associations between graft elongation, graft healing, and kinematics, were analyzed. Results: Peak graft elongation ranged from a 3% decrease in the anterior region during rotation to up to a 171% increase in the anterior region during abduction and the posterior region during rotation. Grafts that were healed at both anterior anchors reached the intraoperative length at lower abduction angles (60°) than grafts that were not healed at 1 or both of the anterior anchors (87°) ( P = .005). The posterior anchor graft origin to insertion distances were 2.1 mm farther apart after surgery compared with before surgery during both abduction and rotation. Conclusion: SCR dermal allografts are stretched well beyond their intraoperative length in vivo. Graft healing appears to be associated with less graft elongation. The posterior portion of the SCR graft does not appear to improve glenohumeral joint stability 1 year after surgery. Improved clinical outcomes after dermal allograft SCR may be because of the spacer effect of the graft rather than improved glenohumeral joint stability 1 year after surgery.
Arthroscopic cartilage regeneration facilitating procedure can modify the clinical course of knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Lyu Shaw-Ruey , Hsu Chia-Chen , Hung Jung-Pin , Chou Li-Chan 
Published: July 2023

Background The effectiveness of arthroscopic treatment for knee osteoarthritis (OA) has been controversial. This study compares the clinical outcomes of the arthroscopic cartilage regeneration facilitating procedure (ACRFP) and conservative treatment. Methods During the year of 2016, 524 patients (882 knees) who were older than 40 years of age and diagnosed with different stages of knee OA were scheduled for ACRFP under the protocol of knee health promotion option (KHPO) for knee OA. Of those, 259 patients (413 knees) eventually received ACRFP (the ACRFP group), and 265 patients (469 knees) didn’t receive ACRFP but received conservative treatment (the non-ACRFP group). A telephone questionnaire was used to evaluate the subjective satisfaction and the incidence of receiving arthroplasty for these patients. Results After the mean follow-up period of 61.6 months (SD 4.5), there were 220 patients (374 knees, 90.6%) in the ACRFP group and 246 patients (431 knees, 90.0%) in the non-ACRFP group completed the outcome study. The satisfactory rate was statistically higher for the ACRFP group (90.64%) than for the non-ACRFP group (70.3%) and the difference in subjective satisfaction was more obvious in patients with more advanced knee OA. As for the incidence of patients having subsequently received arthroplasty, it was higher (13.46%) in the non-ACRFP group than in the ACRFP group (4.28%). Conclusion Compared with conservative treatment, ACRFP could satisfy more patients with knee OA and modify their natural course by decreasing the incidence of subsequent arthroplasty.
The Impact of a History of Different Other Cancers on the Long-Term Outcomes of Patients with Gallbladder Cancer: A Propensity Score–Adjusted, Population-Based Study
Authors: Wang Jing , Zhang Chan , Yan Dong 
Published: July 2023

Background As the number of cancer survivors increases, the prevalence of the second type of primary cancer will increase. In clinical trials, patients with a history of malignant tumors in the past are usually excluded. It is unknown whether previous cancers affect survival outcomes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of previous malignant tumors on the long-term prognosis of patients with gallbladder cancer. Methods By using the Surveillance, Epidemiology and END Results (SEER) database, we collect patient data and obtain patients who had gallbladder cancer diagnosed in 2004–2015 and had an adaption and contrast 1:1 with cases. We applied the Kaplan–Meier analysis and Cox regression models to assess the influence of prior malignancy on gallbladder cancer survival outcomes. Results Among 8338 patients who had mainly gallbladder cancer, 525 (6.3%) suffered prior cancer. Prostate cancer (22.29%), Breast cancer (21.14%), and Genitourinary (14.67%) are the most common types. Before propensity score matching (PSM), two groups of different Kaplan–Meier curves were obtained by classifying previous cancer history, and by comparison, the all-cause difference in the group with previous cancer history was not salience ( P = 0.31), but there is a protective effect on the Cancer-specific fatality rate ( p < 0.001). Similar results were obtained after propensity score matching (PSM). Among the multivariate Cox analysis, previous malignancy had no obvious relation, including all causes (HR = 0.98, 95% CI: 0.86–1.12, p = 0.70) but a better gallbladder cancer-specific survival (HR =0.64, 95% CI: 0.55–0.75, P < 0.001). Conclusion Prior cancer may not be an obvious factor impacting the survival of cancers of all-cause including the gallbladder. In clinical trials of gallbladder cancer, exclusion criteria based on cancer history should be assessed.
Impact of Traditional Chinese Medicine on Prognosis of Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Yuan Huixin , Niu Qianqian , Shang Xiaofei , Zhang Liang , Li Li , Yang Huasheng , Gou Chunyan , Li Jingying , Li Hongyan , Li Xiuhui 
Published: July 2023

Background: In a previous study, we found that traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) alleviated the clinical symptoms and improved the quality of life (QoL) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Objectives: A cohort was continuously followed up to determine the impact of the TCM adjuvant therapies on the prognosis of HCC after conventional treatments. Methods: We did a retrospective monocentric cohort study including 175 eligible patients. The participants who received TCM adjuvant therapies were termed as TCM group. For the purpose of stratification analysis, the patients who received TCM adjuvant therapies over 3 months per year were further classified into the high frequency group, while the rest of the TCM users were classified into the low frequency group. Non-users were recorded as the control group. The primary outcome was overall survival (OS) and the secondary outcome was the mean progression-free survival (mPFS) primarily introduced in this study, referring to the time from initial diagnosis to the latest progression over the number of disease progressions. Analyses used Cox proportional hazards and Kaplan-Meier (K-M) methods, adjusted for stratification factors. Results: Until June 30, 2021, 56 patients survived, 21 patients were lost to follow-up, and 98 patients died from the disease. Each disease progression of every individual was recorded, and most of the PFS was within 1 year. The baseline data of the allocated groups were balanced, the result revealed that TCM adjuvant therapies might have little influence on OS ( P = .129). However, the 1, 3, and 5-year progression-free survival rates of the patients in TCM and control group were 68.75%, 37.50%; 25.00%, 8.33% and 8.33%, 2.08%, respectively, indicating TCM use significantly extended the mPFS, and decreased the risk of disease progression by a factor of 0.676 ( P = .006). In the patients with BCLC stage B HCC, compared with controls, a 37-month median OS advantage in the high frequency group was noted ( P = .045); and the high frequency of TCM use significantly suppressed disease progression ( P = .001). Conclusions: The present study revealed that TCM adjuvant therapies could postpone disease progression in HCC. Furthermore, using TCM over 3 months per year might extend OS in patients with intermediate HCC.
Correction of Tetratorsional Malalignment of the Lower Extremities Improves Patient-Reported Outcomes
Authors: Reif Taylor J. , Khabyeh-Hasbani Nathan , Shin Tom Jonggu , Rozbruch S. Robert , Fragomen Austin T. 
Published: July 2023

Background: Axial malalignment of the bilateral femurs and tibias, previously known as “miserable” malalignment, now renamed tetratorsional malalignment (TTM), presents with hip and/or knee pain refractory to nonoperative treatment. Purpose: We sought to investigate whether bilateral rotational osteotomy of the femur and tibia leads to improvement in a deformity-specific patient-reported outcome measure (PROM). Methods: A retrospective review of patients who underwent staged rotational correction of the bilateral femur and tibias was performed. Computed tomography (CT) was used to measure the preoperative rotational profile and plan the surgical correction. Stabilization was predominantly with intramedullary nails. The primary outcome measure was the Limb Deformity-modified Scoliosis Research Society (LDSRS) score. Secondary outcomes included change in mechanical limb alignment and complications of the procedure. Results: Sixteen patients (13 female and 3 male) with average age of 23.1 years (range: 15–36 years) underwent 4-segment rotational correction. The averages for femoral and tibial deformity correction were 23.5° (6.2° SD) and 20.9° (5.2° SD), respectively. The total LDSRS score improved from 3.67 (0.3 SD) to 4.39 (0.3 SD) ( P = .001). The LDSRS sub-scores for function, pain, and self-image also significantly improved. In patients not undergoing concurrent coronal deformity correction, the limb mechanical axis was not significantly changed. No additional procedures were performed to obtain bone union. Three patients required peroneal nerve decompression following the index procedure, and all neurologic symptoms resolved. Conclusion: This retrospective review suggests that correction of TTM of the lower extremities may lead to improvements in function, pain, and self-image. There were minimal complications and no iatrogenic deformity among 16 patients reviewed. The new diagnosis, TTM, is descriptive of this debilitating condition without communicating a negative patient image.
Radioactive 125I Seed Inhibits Cell Migration and Invasion and Promotes Apoptosis by Inactivating the VEGFR2 Signaling Pathway in Cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Luo Jun , Zheng Jiaping , Yao Hongxiang , Wang Binbing , Zhang Zhewei , Shao Guoliang 
Published: July 2023

Objectives To investigate the potential mechanisms of 125I seed implantation therapeutic treatment on inactivating the VEGFR2/PI3K/AKT pathway in cholangiocarcinoma. Methods The human cholangiocarcinoma cell lines HCCC-9810 and HuCCT1 were purchased for in vitro studies. The BALB/c nude mice were obtained for in vivo studies. The proliferation of cells was detected by CCK-8, colony formation, and BrdU staining. The migration and invasion of cells were determined by wound healing assay and Transwell assay, respectively. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was utilized for histological evaluation. Protein expression was determined by western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Results Compared with the control group, .6 mCi group and .8 mCi group inhibited cholangiocarcinoma cells proliferation, invasion, migration, and promoted apoptosis, the protein expression of p-VEGFR2, VEGFR2, PI3K, p-AKT/AKT, cyclin B1, cyclin A, CDK1, and Bcl-2 was decreased. Similar results were obtained from in vitro experiments. However, when VEGF is overexpressed, the inhibitory effect of .8 mCi was partially significantly reversed on cholangiocarcinoma cells. The in vivo studies further confirmed the inhibitory effects of .6 mCi group and .8 mCi group on cholangiocarcinoma. Conclusion 125I seed irradiation could inhibit cholangiocarcinoma cells proliferation, migration, and invasion and promote apoptosis through inactivation of the VEGFR2/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
A Qualitative Approach to Exploring the Impact of the Gay Identity Formation Process
Authors: Cámara-Liebana David , González-Carrasco Mònica , Reig-Garcia Glòria , Salleras-Duran Laia , Fuentes-Pumarola Concepció , Ballester-Ferrando David 
Published: July 2023

Background Most gay men experience difficulty in coming to terms with their sexual orientation, with their health, wellbeing, and quality of life potentially affected by unpleasant experiences often associated with the formation of their gay identity. It is therefore important for nurses to understand the needs of gay men so that they can accompany them and provide quality care during and after the identity formation process. Objective The aim of the study was to explore and describe the identity formation and coming out experiences of gay men. Methods A qualitative design with a constructivist naturalist approach was used. Data were collected through in-depth semi-structured interviews with five gay men with experience of the gay identity formation process, and data were analyzed using a thematic analysis method. Results The results show that the men needed support, as they reported feeling different and alone during the identity formation and coming out process, and that their mental health was affected. Fear of rejection, negative reactions, and disappointing people were the reasons that led the men not to disclose their sexual orientation to family, while those who had come out defined a feeling of liberation. Conclusions The gay identity formation process has potential impacts on health, wellbeing, and quality of life. Nurses need cultural competence training to be able to understand the needs of gay men, accompany them in the identity formation process, and provide individualized and non-heteronormative care. Nurses also need to participate in dismantling a heterosexist social structure.
Anti-myeloma efficacy of CAR-iNKT is enhanced with a long-acting IL-7, rhIL-7-hyFc
Authors: O’Neal Julie , Cooper Matthew L. , Ritchey Julie K. , Gladney Susan , Niswonger Jessica , González L. Sofía , Street Emily , Haas Gabriel J. , Carter Alun , Amayta Parmeshwar N. , Gao Feng , Lee Byung Ha , Choi Donghoon , Berrien-Elliott Melissa , Zhou Alice , Fehniger Todd A. , Rettig Mike P. , DiPersio John F. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM), a malignancy of mature plasma cells, remains incurable. B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) is the lead protein target for chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) therapy because of its high expression in most MM, with limited expression in other cell types, resulting in favorable on-target, off tumor toxicity. The response rate to autologous BCMA CAR-T therapy is high; however, it is not curative and is associated with risks of cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and immune effector cell–associated neurotoxicity syndrome. Outcomes in patients treated with BCMA CAR-T cells (CAR-Ts) may improve with allogeneic CAR T-cell therapy, which offer higher cell fitness and reduced time to treatment. However, to prevent the risk of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), allogenic BCMA CAR-Ts require genetic deletion of the T-cell receptor (TCR), which has potential for unexpected functional or phenotype changes. Invariant natural killer T cells (iNKTs) have an invariant TCR that does not cause GVHD and, as a result, can be used in an allogeneic setting without the need for TCR gene editing. We demonstrate significant anti-myeloma activity of BCMA CAR-iNKTs in a xenograft mouse model of myeloma. We found that a long-acting interleukin-7 (IL-7), rhIL-7-hyFc, significantly prolonged survival and reduced tumor burden in BCMA CAR-iNKT–treated mice in both primary and re-challenge settings. Furthermore, in CRS in vitro assays, CAR-iNKTs induced less IL-6 than CAR-Ts, suggesting a reduced likelihood of CAR-iNKT therapy to induce CRS in patients. These data suggest that BCMA CAR-iNKTs are potentially a safer, effective alternative to BCMA CAR-Ts and that BCMA CAR-iNKT efficacy is further potentiated with rhIL-7-hyFc.
Comparative efficacy of different treatments for menstrual migraine: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Han , Qi Jian-Zhi , Zhang Zhi-Hua 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundMenstrual migraine is a subtype of migraine disease that is typically more disabling, longer-lasting, and more challenging to treat. The purpose of this network meta-analysis (NMA) is to compare the relative efficacy of treatments for menstrual migraine.MethodsWe systematically searched databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane, and included all eligible randomized controlled trials in the study. We conducted the statistical analysis using Stata version 14.0, based on the frequentist framework. We used the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool for randomized trials version 2 (RoB2) to assess the risk of bias of the included studies.ResultsThis network meta-analysis included 14 randomized controlled trials with 4601 patients. For short-term prophylaxis, frovatriptan 2.5 mg twice daily had the highest probability of effectiveness [OR = 1.87 (95% CI: 1.48 to 2.38)] compared to placebo. For acute treatment, the results showed that sumatriptan 100 mg [OR = 4.32 (95% CI: 2.95 to 6.34)] was the most effective treatment compared to placebo.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that frovatriptan 2.5 mg twice daily was best for short-term prevention, sumatriptan 100 mg were best for acute treatment. More high-quality randomized trials are required to determine the most effective treatment.