bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and characterization of chemical bath deposited copper doped lead sulfide thin films
Authors: Eyetan Elete Dennis , Onyeka Emegha Joseph , Oyindenyifa Nenuwe Nelson , Oyindenyifa Nenuwe Nelson , Weyinmi Omagbemi Oghogho 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT. The effects of copper concentration on the properties of copper lead sulfide thin films have been reported. Chemical bath deposition (CBD) method was used to deposit the ternary material on soda-lime substrates. Here, the films were grown using copper(II) chloride, lead nitrate, and thiourea as sources of copper (Cu), lead (Pb) and sulfur (S), respectively. The grown films were examined using X-ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, UV-spectrophotometer and four-point (4P) probes. XRD measurements revealed a polycrystalline material with strong adherent to the substrates. SEM readings indicated various grain-like crystalline morphologies with different sizes that change with copper concentrations. The EDX studies revealed that the deposited material consist of copper, lead and sulfur in various compositions. The transmittance was high in the near infrared regions of the electromagnetic radiation and, also decreases with copper concentrations. The band gap (Eg) varies from 2.05 to 2.50 eV with increase in copper concentrations. The study shows that CBD is an excellent method in depositing good quality films for device applications.

KEY WORDS: Thin films, Substrates, Copper lead sulfide, Deposition, Optical properties
Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2023, 37(5), 1237-1251.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i5.15
Spectroscopic, thermal, and anticancer investigations of new cobalt(II) and nickel(II) triazine complexes
Authors: Mohammed Alsuhaibani Amnah , Majid A. Adam Abdel , S. Refat Moamen , I. Kobeasy Mohamed , B. Bakare Safyah , Salah Bushara Eman 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT. The condensation of thiosemicarbazide with oxazolidinone produced 5-benzylidene-3-(4-chloro-phenyl)-6-oxo-5,6-dihydro-1H-[1,2,4]triazine-2-carbothioic acid amide (HL1). Co(II) and Ni(II) ions were reacted with the HL1 ligand. Elemental analysis and molar conductivity, along with mass, 1H-NMR, IR, UV-Vis, and X-ray powder diffraction spectral examinations, were used to reveal the chemical structure of the synthesized complexes. The stoichiometry of the complexes was determined to be 1:2 (metallic: moiety) using analytical, spectroscopic, and thermal data. The thermal properties of the complexes were explored using thermogravimetric (TG-DTG/DTA) methods, as well as the decomposition stages. Several kinetic thermodynamic parameters such as free activation energy (ΔG*), activation enthalpy (ΔH*), activation entropy (ΔS*), pre-exponential factor (A), and the activation energy (E*) were estimated. Inhibitory effects towards colon carcinoma cells (HCT cell line), hepatocellular carcinoma (Hep G2 cell line), and breast carcinoma (MCF-7 cell line) were verified using various concentrations of the samples. A colorimetric method was used to determine the cell viability percent in comparison to doxorubicin drug as a control.

KEY WORDS: 1,2,4-Triazines, Thiosemicarbazide, Thermogravimetric analysis, Non-electrolytes, Anticancer
Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2023, 37(5), 1151-1162.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i5.8
Biogas Potentials for Anaerobic Co-Digested Rumen Contents and Sewage Sludge
Authors: Ogbozige Francis James 
Published: August 2023

Sewage sludge (SS) and rumen contents (RC) are produced daily in waste stabilization ponds and abattoirs respectively as organic wastes. However, these wastes could pose a threat to the environment if not properly managed hence, this research investigated the potentials of these wastes in generating biogas. This was achieved by digesting different SS/RC ratios anaerobically for 30days and recording the biogas produced under mesophilic condition. The SS and RC were obtained from Ahmadu Bello University (ABU) waste stabilization pond and cattle (Bos indicus) respectively, while the SS/RC ratios considered were 1:0, 0:1, 1:1, 1:2 and 2:1. Results showed that the co-digested organic wastes produced more biogas compared to mono-digestions of equivalent volumes of SS (1:0) and RC (0:1). This is because the recorded daily biogas potentials for SS/RC ratios 1:0, 0:1, 1:1, 1:2 and 2:1 were 12.77, 19.59, 21.79, 23.85 and 20.45ml per gram of TS added respectively. Hence, it was concluded that biogas potential for SS improved by 70.63%, 86.77% and 60.14% when co- digested with RC at SS/RC ratios 1:1, 1:2 and 2:1 respectively, while that of RC improved by 11.23%, 21.75% and 4.39% at SS/RC ratios 1:1, 1:2 and 2:1 respectively.
Extraction of Chitosan from <i>L. squarrosulus</i> (Mushroom) and <i>C. africana</i> (Shrimp) Based and Production of Film Polymer
Authors: Ovonramwen O.B. , Amoren E.I. 
Published: August 2023

The deacetylated form of chitin presents enormous areas of application. The research work was aimed at the production of polymer film by the extraction of chitosan from Lentinus squarrosulus (mushroom) and Caridina africana (shrimp) using a chemical process involving deproteinisation, demineralisation, and deacetylation. The two samples were thoroughly washed with distilled water to remove impurities, then dried at room temperature for three days. The mushroom was grounded to powder, deproteinised at varying concentrations (1, 2, 3, and 4 M) and temperatures (60, 80, and 100 °C). The emanating products were now demineralised and deacetylated at 3 M and 60 °C. Biuret test analysis was carried out on 3 M, 60 °C and 4 M, 100 °C of L. squarrosulus chitosan and C. africana with the later showing a clearer positive result for the application. The physicochemical and mechanical properties of chitosan composite films of C. africana and gelatinous composition (CS30: G70, CS50: G50, and CS70: G30) plasticised with glycerol were studied. The chitosan composite films, L. squarrosulus (3 M, 60 °C), and C. africana were characterised by FT-IR. The FTIR spectra showed the functional groups associated with the various bands, intensities, and stretching established that the samples were chitosan. The results of the flexibility and refractive index analysis indicated that the higher chitosan films were more flexible and refractive, finding a much greater application in the manufacture of lenses of higher magnification. The FTIR spectra of the compact films of the homogeneous structure showed that there was a reaction in C. africana chitosan. The SEM analysis of chitosan in C. africana showed morphological differences of ×300, ×500, ×1000, and ×1500.
Fuzzy Product Rough Sets as a Special Case of Fuzzy T-Rough Sets
Authors: Gafai Mustapha Mannir , Muazu Zulkifilu 
Published: August 2023

Fuzzy T-rough set consists of a set ???? and a T-similarity relation on ????, where T is a lower semicontinuous triangular norm. In this paper, axiomatic definition for fuzzy ????-rough sets and its upper approximation operator were proposed. The method employed was by relaxing the arbitrary T and adopting its special case ???????? (product triangular norm). The results obtained suggests an easier way of being specific to the product case of fuzzy rough sets and computations regarding its upper approximation operators. Some important propositions and examples were also provided.
Determinants of mechanical birth trauma among live born neonates admitted at University of Gondar comprehensive specialized hospital neonatal intensive care unit, northwest Ethiopia: A case-control study
Authors: Mekonnen Birhanu Abie , Shehibo Abdulkadir , Terefe Bewuketu 
Published: August 2023

Background: The occurrence of birth trauma varies according to the fetal factors, labour and delivery processes and maternal factors. However, there is limited data on the possible factors associated with neonatal birth trauma in our setup. This study aimed to identify the associated factors of birth trauma among live-born neonates in the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital (UoGCSH) Neonatal Intensive Care Unit.
Method: An unmatched case-control study was conducted among live-born neonates admitted neonatal intensive care unit of UoGCSH over a year from February 1, 2020 to February 1, 2021 G.C. Data was analyzed by SPSS version 20. Descriptive statistics and adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval and a p-value of <0.05 was used to identify determinant factors.
Result: A total of 300 neonates were included with 1:2 ratio of case and controls. The determinant factors of mechanical birth trauma were head circumference (AOR=1.76, 95% CI: 1.26, 2.46), instrumental delivery (AOR=10.65, 95%CI: 2.83, 40.04), malpresentation (AOR=6.31, 95%CI: 1.01, 40.08) and prolonged labour (AOR=1.45, 95%CI: 2.04, 4.49).
Conclusion: Instrumental delivery, malpresentation, >37cm head circumference, and prolonged duration of labour had statistically a significant association with mechanical birth trauma.
Optimal removal of bisphenol A by biosorbent based on groundnut (<i>Arachis hypogaea</i> L.) shell: Adsorption mechanism, nonlinear kinetics and isotherm.
Authors: Larissa zita Fotso Matueno , Akongnwi Clive Neba , Touna Touna Pascal , Théophile Kamgaing , Bopda Aurelien , Tchuifon Donald , Suh Christopher 
Published: August 2023

La pollution de l’environnement demeure l’un des problèmes majeurs découlant du développement technologique. Le rejet d’eaux usées contenant ce polluant dans l’environnement sans traitement préalable a de graves conséquences pour les êtres vivants. L’objectif de cette étude était d’utiliser des coquilles d’arachides pour éliminer le BPA dans les eaux usées, où, les spectres infrarouges et les diffractogrammes des matériaux ; et autre méthodes ont été spécifiquement étudiées. Dans cette étude, le plan composite central a été utilisé pour optimiser les facteurs qui affectent l’adsorption du BPA de la solution. Ces facteurs comprennent la concentration initiale, la le pH de la solution, le temps de contact, et la masse de carbone sur la réponse qui est l’adsorbé quantité de BPA. Les valeurs respectives de pH et de pHpzc sont de 5,99 et 6,34 pour les PAB; 6.24 et 7.35 pour les PAN et 6,38 et 6,58 pour les PAU. Des études cinétiques ont trouvé l’Elovich et le pseudo-second les modèles cinétiques d’ordre expliquent mieux le mécanisme d’adsorption des PAB, PAN et PAU. Cordialement aux isothermes d’adsorption, les isothermes de Langmuir, Langmuir-Freundlich et Redlich-peterson ont montré une meilleure capacité d’adsorption pour la biosorption du BPA en solution aqueuse par les PAB, PAN et PAU en ce qui concerne les valeurs du coefficient de corrélation et des erreurs.
Environmental pollution remains as one of the major problems arising from technological development. The discharge of waste water containing this pollutant into the environment without prior treatment has serious consequences for living beings. The objective of this study was to use peanut shells to eliminate BPA in waste water, where, the infrared spectra and diffractograms of materials; and other methods were specifically studied. In this study, the central composite design was used to optimize the factors that aûect the adsorption of BPA from solution. These factors include initial concentration, the pH of the solution, the contact time, and the mass of carbon on the response which is the adsorbed quantity of BPA. The respective pH and pHpzc values are 5.99 and 6.34 for the PABs; 6.24 and 7.35 for the PANs and 6.38 and 6.58 for the PAUs. Kinetic studies found the Elovich and pseudo-secondorder kinetic models better explain the adsorption mechanism for PABs, PANs, and PAUs. With regards to the adsorption isotherms, the Langmuir, Langmuir-Freundlich and Redlich-peterson isotherms showed a better adsorption capacity for the biosorption of BPA in aqueous solution by PABs, PANs and PAUs with regard to the values of the correlation coefficient and errors.
RANCANG BANGUN KONTROL JARAK JAUH MOTOR AC MENGGUNAKAN PLC MASTER CP1E-N20
Authors: Hartono Hartono , Sudjoko Rifdian indrianto , Hariyadi Slamet , Faizah Fiqqih , Kustori Kustori 
Published: August 2023

Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) adalah alat elektronika yang bekerja secara digital yang memiliki memori dan dapat diprogram untuk pengembangan teknologi dalam tugasnya untuk memudahkan kinerja manusia dan tentunya menggunakan suatu program tertentu untuk mengontrol berbagai jenis mesin melalui modul input – output analog maupun digital. Paper ini adalah pemanfaatan rancangan berbasis Programmable LogicController (PLC) OMRON CP1E-N20 yang menggunakan serial RS 232 untuk komunikasi jarak jauh antar dua PLC yang digunakan untuk mengatur motor AC, rancangan ini sangat diperlukan bagi perusahaan yang khususnya menggu dimananakan motor sebagai penggeraknya. Dengan adanya komunikasi antar PLC yang dapat mengatur motor-motor listrik secara berjauhan hal ini dapat memaksimalkan pengontrolan dan pemantauan dari motor-motor listrik tersebut
Clinical case of Wieacker–Wolff syndrome in a 5-year girl
Authors: Kondakova Olga B. , Kuzenkova Ludmila M. , Lyalina Anastasia A. , Nezhelskaya Alexandra A. , Davydova Yulia I. , Grebenkin Dmitry I. , Zhanin Ilya S. , Alekseeva Ekaterina A. , Kanivets Ilya V. , Pushkov Alexander A. 
Published: August 2023

Wieacker–Wolff syndrome (WWS) (OMIM 314580, 301041) is rare, slowly progressive, X-linked hereditary disorder. It is characterized by fetal akinesia, which results in congenital multiplex arthrogryposis, spasticity, and development delay. WWS is caused by the point mutations or extended deletions in the ZC4H2 gene, located on the long arm of the X chromosome (Xq11.2). Currently, about 100 cases have been described.
We present the case of WWS 5-year girl. DNA diagnostic was performed using full exome sequencing and confirmed by Sanger sequencing. Determination of non-random X-chromosome inactivation was performed by methyl-sensitive PCR of GAAA-repeat RP2 gene.
The main clinical symptoms in our case are stiffness of large and small joints, specific facial phenotype, spasticity and lack of independent walking. We revealed heterozygous mutation с.22_23delAT (p.Met8fs) in ZC4H2 gene. Non-random inactivation of the X chromosome was detected (XCI = 96.1%).
Conclusions. Clinical symptoms of the disease, the nature of the detected mutation and the literature data indicate to the presence of an X-linked dominant pattern of inheritance of WWS in our patient. We described the case referred to the group of ZC4H2-associated rare disorders.
Perancangan Infrastruktur Jaringan Komputer berbasis Cisco Packet Tracer dengan penerapan Metode NDLC Pada Lembaga Pendidikan (Studi Kasus SMK Pelayaran Malahayati)
Authors: Sumarni Desi , Purnama Giri 
Published: August 2023

Abstrak: SMK Pelayaran Malahayati Jakarta merupakan sekolah yang memfokuskan pada pendidikan kejuruan dimana perlu menyiapkan fasilitas teknologi yang memadai agar siswa terampil dan siap menghadapi dunia kerja. Terdapat instalasi jaringan pada SMK Pelayaran Malahayati, namun ditemukan permasalahan jaringan yaitu mengoperasikan IP Address dalam satu network ID pada seluruh client memiliki broadcast domain yang sama sehingga dapat memperlambat kinerja jaringan pada setiap perangkat dan benturan IP pada setiap jaringan. Hal itu disebabkan oleh sedikitnya sumber daya manusia yang berkompeten di bidang tersebut. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut maka perlu adanya perancangan infrastruktur jaringan komputer dengan menerapkan VLAN (Virtual Local Area Network) yang dapat memungkinkan sebuah Local Area Network (LAN) dapat dibagi menjadi beberapa segmen yang berbeda , yang tujuanya adalah agar meningkatkan performa jaringan yang lebih baik. Metode perancangan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode perancangan Network Development Life Cycle (NDLC). Perancangan menggunakan topologi star dengan bantuan aplikasi simulasi Cisco packet tracer. Agar optimal dalam penggunaan IP Address, peneliti juga melakukan perhitungan IP Address dengan menggunakan metode VLSM. Hasil dari penelitian ini, jaringan data dapat di segmentasi secara Logical dengan mendesain ulang infrastruktur jaringan komputer menggunakan metode NDLC dan diuji menggunakan simulasi Cisco packet tracer.Kata kunci: Jaringan komputer, VLAN, NDLC,Cisco Packet Tracer Abstract: SMK Pelayaran Malahayati Jakarta is a school that focuses on vocational education where it is necessary to prepare adequate technological facilities so that students are skilled and ready to face the world of work. There was a network installation at SMK Pelayaran Malahayati, but a network problem was found, namely operating an IP Address in one network ID on all clients having the same broadcast domain so that it could slow down network performance on each device and IP collisions on each network. This is due to the lack of competent human resources in the field. To overcome these problems, it is necessary to design a computer network infrastructure by implementing VLANs (Virtual Local Area Networks) that can allow a Local Area Network (LAN) to be divided into several different segments, the purpose of which is to improve network performance. The design method used in this study is the Network Development Life Cycle (NDLC) design method. Design using a star topology with the help of the Cisco packet tracer simulation application. to in order to be optimal in the use of IP Address, researchers also calculate IP Address using the VLSM method. As a result of this study, the data can be logically segmented by redesigning the computer network infrastructure using the NDLC method and testing it using Cisco packet tracer simulations.Keywords: Computer network, VLAN, NDLC,Cisco Packet Tracer
Internacionalização do serviço social: contribuições ao debate da profissão
Authors: Schmitt Adriana Regina Vettorazzi , Sarmento Helder Boska de Moraes 
Published: August 2023

A internacionalização do Serviço Social, hoje, é uma condição que se impõe na construção do conhecimento. Isso exige aprofundamento sobre suas perspectivas teóricas, direção política e histórica. No esforço de contribuir com o debate, parte-se do pressuposto de que é preciso compreender o que denominamos aqui de dimensão educativo-acadêmica desse processo de internacionalização da profissão, sendo os objetivos deste artigo: a) apresentar o debate da internacionalização da educação superior por meio de reflexões teórico-epistemológicas de autores nacionais e internacionais para além do Serviço Social; b) destacar a relevância das redes colaborativas de conhecimento que agem como mecanismos de internacionalização; c) tematizar a presença de um processo de internacionalização em toda a história da profissão. A metodologia de pesquisa se constitui em fase exploratória, baseada no levantamento bibliográfico e sua respectiva revisão, para conhecimento dos principais autores internacionais que tratam da questão. Indica-se, neste artigo que as pesquisas nacionais e latino-americanas reconstruíram criticamente os caminhos dessa forçada e dominadora internacionalização da profissão. Porém, com a globalização, essas relações precisaram ser reavaliadas, pois isso implica seu futuro como profissão, disciplina acadêmica e área de conhecimento.
Financial Literacy and Assistance in Compiling Independent Financial Reports Using Expense IQ Money Manager
Authors: Arman Andi , Masrullah Masrullah , Agustan Agustan , Firmansyah Firmansyah , Aditya Rahmat 
Published: August 2023

Indonesia has a financial literacy rate far below average when compared to other countries that are members of ASEAN countries. Likewise, Thailand has a financial literacy score of 27 which is lower than the regional average, although the level of financial inclusion is quite high. The priority targets for financial literacy in 2023 will be allocated to the community, one of which is for students. Especially for students, knowledge of financial literacy will be built through the role of teachers as educators. Before being able to disseminate, of course, teachers need to first improve their understanding regarding their financial literacy. This can also be useful for teachers personally in managing their finances. The main problems of Eakapapsasnawich Islamic School Thailand School Teachers lie in the low level of financial literacy so they tend to make wrong decisions, lack of awareness in understanding the importance of recording their personal finances, and the absence of socialization about the use of financial software or financial recording applications in managing finances well, inspiring the Team to educate Eakapapsasnawich Islamic School Thailand School Teachers related to financial literacy and assistance in preparing independent financial statements using Expense IQ Money Manager. The method used is the provision of material through lectures, motivation, discussion, and practice / mentoring. The output target of this program is scientific articles published through service journals indexed by Sinta, and increasing teachers' financial literacy in using digital-based financial recording applications.
ANALISIS YURIDIS PENDIRIAN DAN PENDAFTARAN PERSEROAN PERSEORANGAN MENURUT UNDANG-UNDANG CIPTA KERJA DIHUBUNGKAN PERATURAN PEMERINTAH NOMOR 8 TAHUN 2021
Authors: Harahap Mukhtar Leo , Lubis Yamin , Mukidi Mukidi 
Published: August 2023

Perseroan perorangan akan memperoleh status badan hukum setelah mendaftarkan pernyataan pendirian dan mendapatkan sertifikat pendaftaran secara elektronik.Rumusan masalah adalah bagaimana pengaturan pendirian dan pendaftaran Perseroan menurut Undang-Undang Cipta Kerja Dihubungkan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 8 Tahun 2021, bagaimana mekanisme pendirian dan pendaftaran Perseroan menurut Undang-Undang Cipta Kerja Dihubungkan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 8 Tahun 2021, bagaimana akibat ketentuan Undang-Undang Cipta Kerja Dihubungkan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 8 Tahun 2021 dalam pendirian dan pendaftaran Perseroan.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode telaah pustaka (library research) untuk mentelaah data-data sekunder dengan melakukan pendekatan yuridis normatif. Jenis data penelitian ini adalah data sekunder. Bahan hukum primer dan sekunder disusun secara sistematis dan dianalisis secara kualitatif.
Kesimpulan dari pembahasan adalah pengaturan pendirian dan pendaftaran Perseroan menurut Undang-Undang Cipta Kerja Dihubungkan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 8 Tahun 2021 bahwa dalam Undang-Undang No. 11 Tahun 2020 tentang Cipta Kerja. Mekanisme pendirian dan pendaftaran perseroan menurut Undang-Undang Cipta Kerja dihubungkan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 8 Tahun 2021 adalah dimungkinan pendirian perseroan oleh satu individu dan tidak ada ketentuan batas modal minimum, maka resiko gagal pembayaran oleh perseroan sangat mungkin terjadi. Pengaturan ini berpotensi mengakomodasi kerentanan terhadap ketidakmampuan memberikan jaminan kemampuan pembayaran pada pihak ketiga karena tidak adanya jaminan modal yang bisa dijadikan sebagai sarana kepentingan pelunasan piutang kreditur. Hal ini dikarenakan tidak adanya jaminan modal yang bisa dijadikan sebagai sarana kepentingan pelunasan piutang kreditur. Dengan demikian akan sulit bagi perseroan untuk memperoleh modal dari pihak luar (perbankan), terutama untuk jumlah yang besar. Akibat ketentuan Undang-Undang Cipta Kerja Dihubungkan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 8 Tahun 2021 dalam pendirian dan pendaftaran Perseroan telah terjadi perluasan definisi terhadap konsep Perseroan Terbatas, sehingga terdapat entitas usaha perseroan perorangan dalam bentuk usaha mikro kecil (UMK).