bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EmulART: Emulating radiative transfer—a pilot study on autoencoder-based dimensionality reduction for radiative transfer models
Authors: Rino-Silvestre João , González-Gaitán Santiago , Stalevski Marko , Smole Majda , Guilherme-Garcia Pedro , Carvalho Joao Paulo , Mourão Ana Maria 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDust is a major component of the interstellar medium. Through scattering, absorption and thermal re-emission, it can profoundly alter astrophysical observations. Models for dust composition and distribution are necessary to better understand and curb their impact on observations. A new approach for serial and computationally inexpensive production of such models is here presented. Traditionally these models are studied with the help of radiative transfer modelling, a critical tool to understand the impact of dust attenuation and reddening on the observed properties of galaxies and active galactic nuclei. Such simulations present, however, an approximately linear computational cost increase with the desired information resolution. Our new efficient model generator proposes a denoising variational autoencoder (or alternatively PCA), for spectral compression, combined with an approximate Bayesian method for spatial inference, to emulate high information radiative transfer models from low information models. For a simple spherical dust shell model with anisotropic illumination, our proposed approach successfully emulates the reference simulation starting from less than 1% of the information. Our emulations of the model at different viewing angles present median residuals below 15% across the spectral dimension and below 48% across spatial and spectral dimensions. EmulART infers estimates for $$\sim $$
∼
85% of information missing from the input, all within a total running time of around 20 minutes, estimated to be 6$$\times $$
×
faster than the present target high information resolution simulations, and up to 50$$\times $$
×
faster when applied to more complicated simulations.
Paul Julius Möbius (1853–1907) über Epilepsie
Authors: Steinberg Holger 
Published: December 2022

ZusammenfassungZunächst wird der Leipziger Neurologe, Psychiater und Wissenschaftspublizist Paul Julius Möbius biografisch vorgestellt. Er begann eine akademische Karriere als Mediziner an seiner Heimatuniversität, brach diese 1888 mit der Kündigung als Assistenzarzt an der Universitätspoliklinik und 1893 als habilitierter Privatdozent mit der Rückgabe seiner Venia Legendi aber ab. Er hatte sich persönlich vonseiten der Fakultät übergangen und mit seinen Leistungen nicht anerkannt gefühlt. Die ätiologische Einteilung der Nervenkrankheiten in endogene und exogene geht auf Möbius zurück. Erstmals legt er diese in seinem „Abriss der Lehre von den Nervenkrankheiten“ (1893) detaillierter vor. Die Epilepsie, deren dortiger Beschreibung gefolgt wird, teilt er den endogenen Erkrankungen zu, da sie in der Regel auf einer angeborenen Anlage beruhe. Möbius besteht darauf, die „Krankheit Epilepsie“ solle man nur diagnostizieren bei Krampfanfällen ohne sonstige bekannte Hirnerkrankung. Mithilfe einer Familienanamnese und in Abgrenzung v. a. zur Hysterie sei die Diagnose relativ einfach möglich. Gelegenheitsursachen wie Gemütsbewegungen und Überreizungen sieht er als Auslöser der Anfälle. Diese gelte es mit der Ruhigstellung der Kranken mithilfe von Bromkalium zu vermeiden. Die Epilepsie sei unheilbar. Sie beginne meist in Kindheit und Jugend, verschlimmere sich während der Pubertät, um folgend mit einer Anfallshäufigkeit zuzunehmen. Schweren Fällen stellt Möbius eine schlechte Prognose mit Übergang in „Schwachsinn“ und schließlich „Blödsinn“. Durch körperliche Schwächung wiesen Epileptiker eine geringere Lebenserwartung auf. Möbius war kein Epileptologe, er referiert wohl eher den Wissenstand seiner Zeit.
Robotgeassisteerde PSMA-radiogeleide chirurgie bij recidiverend prostaatkanker met de DROP-IN-gammaprobe
Authors: de Barros Hilda A. , van Oosterom Matthias N. , Donswijk Maarten L. , Hendrikx Jeroen J. M. A. , Vis André N. , Maurer Tobias , van Leeuwen Fijs W. B. , van der Poel Henk G. , van Leeuwen Pim J. 
Published: December 2022

SamenvattingIn dit prospectieve, in vivo haalbaarheidsonderzoek met 20 patiënten met recidiverend prostaatkanker is onderzocht of een geminiaturiseerde DROP-IN-gammaprobe mogelijkheden biedt voor robotgeassisteerde op PSMA gebaseerde radiogeleide chirurgie (RGC) (NCT03857113). Patiënten met ≤ 3 prostaatkankerrecidieven in het kleine bekken (lokaal of lymfeklier) op een PSMA PET-CT-scan na primaire behandeling werden geïncludeerd. Na intraveneuze toediening van een 99mTechnetium-gelabeld PSMA-ligand (99mTc-PSMA-I&S) vond met de DROP-IN-gammaprobe robotgeassisteerde PSMA-RGC plaats. Primair werd de haalbaarheid van robotgeassisteerde PSMA-RGC onderzocht. Met behulp van de DROP-IN-probe konden 19 van de 21 (90%) preoperatief geïdentificeerde laesies gereseceerd worden. Op laesieniveau bedroeg de ex-vivosensitiviteit van PSMA-RGC 86% en de specificiteit 100%. Bij één patiënt trad een Clavien-Dindo-graad V‑complicatie op. Wij concluderen dat de DROP-IN-gammaprobe robotgeassisteerde PSMA-RGC mogelijk maakt. Met deze procedure is de intraoperatieve detectie en resectie van zowel nodale als lokale prostaatkankerrecidieven mogelijk.
Two cases of severe vitamin D3 intoxication treated with therapeutic plasma exchange and high cut-off hemodialysis
Authors: Heister David J. , Bohnert Bernhard N. , Heyne Nils , Birkenfeld Andreas L. , Artunc Ferruh 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe report on a 53-year-old female patient and a 33-year-old male patient presenting with life-threatening hypercalcemic crisis caused by self-induced vitamin-D intoxication. Both patients took high doses of vitamin D3 supplements, cumulatively up to 2,500,000–10,000,000 I.U. over several months. Accordingly, serum 25-OH-vitamin D concentrations were increased to 663 and 1289 nmol/L (reference 50–175 nmol/L), respectively. As forced diuresis and bisphosphonates failed to correct recurrent hypercalcemia, we hypothesized that add-on extracorporeal treatments might help overcome the refractory situation. Considering the binding of vitamin D3 metabolites to vitamin D-binding protein (VDBP, 59 kDa), we started extracorporeal treatments involving total plasma exchange with replacement by human albumin and by fresh frozen plasma, online hemodiafiltration and high cut-off hemodialysis. We found that in the former case, total plasma exchange with albumin and fresh frozen plasma and high cut-off hemodialysis lowered both 25-OH-vitamin D3 and 1,25-OH-vitamin D3, whereas in the latter case total plasma exchange with albumin was found to more effectively remove vitamin D metabolites compared to high cut-off hemodialysis. In contrast, the amount of total plasma calcium removed by high cut-off hemodialysis was higher compared to total plasma exchange with albumin. During follow up, patients 1 and 2 achieved almost normal total plasma calcium and vitamin D concentrations after 355 and 109 days, respectively. These two cases suggest that extracorporeal treatments with high cut-off hemodialysis and total plasma exchange with albumin may be considered as add-on treatment in refractory cases of vitamin D3-induced hypercalcemia to lower plasma 25-OH-vitamin D3 concentrations.
The Effect of School Bullying on Pupils’ Perceived Stress and Wellbeing During the Covid-19 Pandemic: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Kirkham Elizabeth J. , Huggins C. F. , C Fawns-Ritchie 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPurpose: Establishing how the Covid-19 pandemic and related lockdowns have affected adolescent mental health is a key societal priority. Though numerous studies have examined this topic, few have focused on the wellbeing of pupils who experience school bullying. This is particularly important as pupils who experience bullying represent a vulnerable group at increased risk of mental illness. Therefore, we sought to investigate the relationship between experience of bullying and adolescent wellbeing during lockdown and subsequent re-opening of schools. Methods: We used the TeenCovidLife dataset to examine the relationship between experience of bullying and pupils’ perceived stress and wellbeing across three timepoints. Pupils aged 12–17 (n = 255) completed surveys during the first Covid-19 lockdown (May-July 2020), when they returned to school after the first lockdown (August-October 2020), and during the summer term of 2021 (May-June 2021). Results: Perceived stress was higher in the group of pupils that experienced bullying than in the group that did not, though this difference between groups was smaller during lockdown than when pupils were attending school in person. Pupils who were bullied showed lower wellbeing across all timepoints. For the full sample of pupils, wellbeing was lowest (and perceived stress highest) at Time 3, one year after the first Covid-19 lockdown. Conclusion:The findings challenge previous assumptions that Covid-19 lockdowns were associated with a generalised decline in adolescent mental health. Instead, the picture is more nuanced, with perceived stress, though not wellbeing, varying according pupils’ experiences of school bullying.
Certain results associated with mixed integral equations and their comparison via numerical methods
Authors: Alhazmi Sharifah E. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this article, we consider existence and unique of solutions of linear mixed integral equations of third, second and first kinds. Then, we use the collection method to discuss numerical solutions by employing Chebyshev and Legendre polynomials. To support our results, we use Mable 18 to compute errors in all existing cases.
Early Awake Prone Position Combined with High-Flow Nasal Oxygen Therapy in Severe COVID-19: A Case Series
Authors: Chengfen Y. , Yongle Z. , Jianguo L. , Lei X. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Awake prone positioning has been used for non-intubated patients with COVID-19-related acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure, but the results are contradictory. We aimed to highlight the role of awake prone positioning combined with high-flow nasal oxygen therapy in severe COVID-19 patients infected with the Delta variant of SARS-CoV-2.

Methods
From June 12 to December 7, 2021, we successfully performed prone position(PP) combined with high-flow nasal oxygen(HFNO) therapy on two patients infected with the delta variant of SARS-CoV-2. HFNO was prescribed to reach SpO2 ≥ 92%. PP was proposed to patients with PaO2/FiO2(P/F) < 150 mmHg. Arterial blood gas (ABG) and hemodynamic were monitored before and after PP sessions. The target time of PP was more than 12 h per day and could be appropriately shortened according to the patient’s tolerance. Relevant clinical data, HFNO parameters, PICCO parameters, P/F ratio and PP duration were obtained from medical records.

Results
A total of 23 PP sessions and 6 PP sessions combined with HFNO were performed in case 1 and case 2, respectively. Compared with values before PP, GEDI, ELWI and Qs/Qt decreased significantly (GEDI: 869.50 ± 60.50 ml/m2 vs. 756.86 ± 88.25 ml/m2; ELWI: 13.64 ± 2.82 ml/kg vs. 12.43 ± 2.50 ml/kg; Qs/Qt: 15.32 ± 6.52% vs. 12.24 ± 5.39%; all p < 0.05), Meanwhile, the oxygenation improved significantly (P/F: 184.50 ± 51.92 mmHg vs. 234.21 ± 88.84 mmHg, p < 0.05), The chest CT revealed the lung infiltrates improved significantly after PP. Both cases were discharged to a dedicated COVID-19 ward without requiring intubation.

Conclusions
Combining PP with HFNO could be a useful treatment strategy for avoiding intubation in severe COVID-19 patients infected with the Delta variant of SARS-CoV-2 to improve pulmonary vascular involvement, improve oxygenation and avoid intubation, but further studies are needed to validate our approach.
Death and the Body in Bronze Age Europe
Authors: Sørensen Marie Louise Stig , Rebay-Salisbury Katharina 
Published: December 2022

This volume offers new insights into the radical shift in attitudes towards death and the dead body that occurred in temperate Bronze Age Europe. Exploring the introduction and eventual dominance of cremation, Marie-Louise Stig Sørenson and Katharina Rebay-Salisbury apply a case-study approach to investigate how this transformation unfolded within local communities located throughout central to northern Europe. They demonstrate the deep link between the living and the dead body, and propose that the introduction of cremation was a significant ontological challenge to traditional ideas about death. In tracing the responses to this challenge, the authors focus on three fields of action: the treatment of the dead body, the construction of a burial place, and ongoing relationships with the dead body after burial. Interrogating cultural change at its most fundamental level, the authors elucidate the fundamental tension between openness towards the 'new' and the conservative pull of the familiar and traditional.
Legitimacy-Based Policing and the Promotion of Community Vitality
Authors: Tyler Tom , Nobo Caroline 
Published: December 2022

This Element presents the history, research, and future potential for an alternative and effective model of policing called 'legitimacy-based policing'. This model is driven by social psychology theory and informed by research findings showing that legitimacy of the police shapes public acceptance of police decisions, willingness to cooperate with the police, and citizen engagement in communities. Police legitimacy is found to be strongly tied to the level of fairness exercised by police authority, i.e. to procedural justice. Taken together these two ideas create an alternative framework for policing that relies upon the policed community's willing acceptance of and cooperation with the law. Studies show that this framework is as effective in lowering crime as the traditional carceral paradigm, an approach that relies on the threat or use of force to motivate compliance. It is also more effective in motivating willing cooperation and in encouraging people to engage in their communities in ways that promote social, economic and political development. We demonstrate that adopting this model benefits police departments and police officers as well as promoting community vitality. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
Eco-creative nature-based solutions to transform urban coastlines, local coastal communities and enhance biodiversity through the lens of scientific and Indigenous knowledge
Authors: Porri Francesca , McConnachie Boudina , van der Walt Kerry-Ann , Wynberg Rachel , Pattrick Paula 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Increasing anthropogenic pressure on the sea and alteration of coastscapes challenge the functioning of marine ecosystems and long-term reliance on blue economies, especially for developing southern economies. The structural hardening of shores can result in ecological disruptions, with cascading effects on the wellbeing and livelihoods of marginalised groups who depend on marine resources. Mitigation, adaptation and rehabilitation options for coastal developments should include innovative, socially responsible solutions to be used to modify shorelines and ensure long-term functionality of metropolitan coastal ecosystems. Nature-based innovations are being developed to improve surrogacy for natural marine ecosystems. The co-creation of nature-based structures, entailing partnerships between scientists and a local rural community is currently being considered in South Africa and we present this regional case study as a transdisciplinary framework for research in nature-based, ecological engineering of coastal systems. Novel transdisciplinary approaches include ecomusicological interventions, where traditional cultural expressions (TCEs) create opportunities for transgressive pedagogy. This step aims to ensure that the knowledge gathered through nature-based scientific research remains a part of community developed Indigenous knowledge systems. The merging of innovative, eco-creative approaches and TCEs has the potential to sustainably and ethically improve the functioning and diversity of coastal urban habitats. This review tackles the potential of transdisciplinary settings to transform urban coastlines using “low-tech” engineering and Indigenous eco-creative innovations to pedagogy, to benefit the people and biological communities as well as reduce social and gender inequalities.
Team science criteria and processes for promotion and tenure of Health Science University Faculty
Authors: Meurer John R. , Fertig Jan , Garrison Orsolya , Shaker Reza 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Although team science has expanded with far-reaching benefits, universities generally have not established criteria to recognize its value in faculty promotion and tenure. This paper recommends how institutions might weigh a faculty member’s engagement in team science in the promotion and tenure process. Seventeen team science promotion and tenure criteria are recommended based on four sources – an evaluation framework, effectiveness metrics, collaborative influences, and authorship criteria. Suggestions are made for adaptation of the 17 criteria to committee guidelines, faculty team science portfolios, and the roles of individuals and institutions participating in large, cross-disciplinary research projects. Future research recommendations are advanced.
Effective judicial protection: enforcement, judicial federalism and the politics of EU law
Authors: Gentile Giulia 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe general principle of effective judicial protection grants the right to obtain a remedy in the fields covered by EU law and is an essential component of the EU enforcement toolkit. Recent jurisprudential developments have complexified the role of this principle, by transforming it into a vehicle for the enforcement of the rule of law in the EU. As a result, the principle of effective judicial protection appears as the factotum of the EU legal system: it acts as a fundamental right and is an expression of the EU rule of law; furthermore, it is a legal basis to influence national fundamental rights and to impose procedural obligations on the EU institutions. This overview Article offers a novel account of the evolution of this principle in the EU legal landscape. First, it reflects on the trajectory of this evolving principle in the EU case law and in the academic discourse. Second, it identifies conceptual issues surrounding the role of effective judicial protection in the EU legal order in the light of the latest jurisprudential developments.
Personal identity: How it moderates the relation between social identity and workplace performance
Authors: Ozyilmaz Adnan , Koc Sema 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe present study benefits from social identity theory to argue that employees' organizational identity interacts with their trust propensity to predict affective organizational commitment and creativity. It used random coefficient regression procedures or multilevel modeling through the generalized linear mixed models command to test its hypothesis because the data that were collected in two of the studies were the nested or dependent data. Employing longitudinal data gathered from 153 participants and their 71 direct managers at a public organization in Study 1, the present study revealed that organizational identity had stronger positive influences on organizational commitment and creativity when participants' trust propensity was high. Employing longitudinal data collected from 210 employees of 32 business organizations and from 49 direct supervisors of the employees in Study 2, the present study reassured that trust propensity moderates the relationship between organizational identity and creativity. The present study contributes to the theory that employees' personal identity accentuates the positive relationship between their social identity and workplace outcomes such that the relationship becomes stronger as employees' personal identity increases.
With or without replacement? Sampling uncertainty in Shepp’s urn scheme
Authors: Glover Kristoffer 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe introduce a variant of Shepp’s classical urn problem in which the optimal stopper does not know whether sampling from the urn is done with or without replacement. By considering the problem’s continuous-time analog, we provide bounds on the value function and, in the case of a balanced urn (with an equal number of each ball type), an explicit solution is found. Surprisingly, the optimal strategy for the balanced urn is the same as in the classical urn problem. However, the expected value upon stopping is lower due to the additional uncertainty present.
Shifting Positions: Party Positions and Political Manifestos in Costa Rica
Authors: Chavarría-Mora Elías , Angell Katie 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACTThis article analyzes how niche parties may utilize a strategy of policy shifting to garner additional voters. It leverages a unique opportunity in which a Costa Rican political party released two different versions of its party manifesto at different moments during a single election cycle. This rare opportunity uncovers how the party shifted from having a hard conservative stance on social issues, such as abortion, to moderating its stance and centering its focus on less contentious issues in a runoff election campaign. Understanding how a single political party may alter its strategy is important because it allows us to better gauge the effectiveness of shifting policy positions, especially for niche parties, for which a particular issue area is dominant. Moreover, this analysis opens additional avenues of research on political parties in the Latin American context, since research utilizing manifesto data in this context has been limited.
Remembering Welfare as We Knew It: Understanding Neoliberalism through Histories of Welfare
Authors: ZANONI AMY 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe political transformation that culminated in the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act fueled scholarly interest in welfare history. As politicians dismantled welfare, scholars discovered long histories of raced and gendered social control, intertwined public and private interests, and fixations on work and personal responsibility. They also recovered more promising possibilities of cash assistance. This article examines foundational welfare histories published between 1971 and 2018. I suggest that this somewhat isolated body of work has shed bright light on the history of neoliberalism from the perspective of people never fully included into social citizenship. It exposes how neoliberalism is and is not different from mid-century liberalism and recovers a long history of resistance. In an era when few talk about cash assistance, welfare historiography is vital for restoring fading memory of its redistributive potential.
States of Immigration: Making Immigration Policy from Above and Below, 1875–1924
Authors: JACOBSON ROBIN DALE , TICHENOR DANIEL 
Published: December 2022

AbstractFor nearly 150 years, the Supreme Court has denounced jurisdictional ambiguities in immigration policy, regularly striking down state laws as unconstitutional intrusions on the federal government’s “broad, undoubted power.” Most scholarship on the historical evolution of US immigration policy has followed suit, rendering invisible the role of state governments and federalism in immigration policy during the crucial, transformative decades of the Gilded Age and the Progressive Era. This article redresses these silences by spotlighting the aggressive state policy activism and critical intergovernmental negotiations over how to control immigration and noncitizens from the 1870s to the 1920s. Focusing on two older, eastern seaboard states—Maryland and Virginia—and two newer, southwestern states—Arizona and New Mexico—these historical case studies show how subnational immigration initiatives were fueled by distinctive local and regional labor need and racial landscapes. This article also identifies and illuminates distinct forms of autonomous, interdependent, insistent, and validated activism by states in immigration federalism.