bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatiotemporal Trends in Vision Impairment, Hearing Loss, and Executive Dysfunction Among Active Duty Military Personnel, United States, 2015-2019
Authors: McDaniel Justin T , Collins Sandra , Collins Scott , McKinnies Rick , McKinney Stacey , Walker Jennifer , Albright David L 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Non-Department of Defense (DoD)-curated health surveillance data on military personnel is limited and that which is generated by sources other than the DoD is rarely analyzed for the purposes of disseminating intelligence about health trends in this population. The purpose of this study was to determine spatiotemporal variations in the prevalence of certain conditions (i.e., hearing loss, vision impairment, and executive dysfunction) among active duty and National Guard/Reserve (NGR) military personnel.

Materials and Methods
We obtained person-level data from the 2015–2019 United States Census Bureau’s American Community Survey on active duty military personnel (N = 44,503) and NGRs (N = 146,488). We estimated survey-weighted logistic regression models to determine spatiotemporal differences in hearing loss, vision impairment, and executive dysfunction.

Results
Results showed that when aggregated across time and stratified by military service status, hearing loss was most prevalent (1.71%, 95% CI = 1.55, 1.89), followed by executive dysfunction (1.48%, 95% CI = 1.34, 1.64) and vision impairment (0.65%, 95% CI = 0.55, 0.77), among active duty service members. Among the NGR sample, hearing loss was most prevalent (9.99%, 95% CI = 9.80, 10.18), followed by executive dysfunction (5.35%, 95% CI = 5.20, 5.50) and vision impairment (3.43%, 95% CI = 3.31, 3.55). Overall, disability rates were higher among individuals in the NGR than among those on active duty. Results showed that risk for the aforementioned disabilities varied between 2015 and 2019 and was dependent on the rural location of the respondent’s residence. Specifically, limiting condition prevalence increased from 2015 to 2019 for all types—except for hearing loss among NGRs—among active duty members and NGRs living in rural areas.

Conclusions
Proper surveillance, education, treatment/rehabilitation, and prevention are essential components of mitigating these impairments to help assure the health, wellness, and combat readiness of our military personnel. Recommendations for future military health surveillance activities and health care services are provided.
White dwarf–white dwarf collisions in AGN discs via close encounters
Authors: Luo Yan , Wu Xiao-Jun , Zhang Shu-Rui , Wang Jian-Min , Ho Luis C , Yuan Ye-Fei 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
White dwarfs (WDs) in active galactic nucleus (AGN) discs might migrate to the inner radii of the discs and form restricted three-body systems with two WDs moving around the central supermassive black hole (SMBH) in close orbits. These systems could be dynamically unstable, which can lead to very close encounters or direct collisions. In this work, we use N-body simulations to study the evolution of such systems with different initial orbital separation p, relative orbital inclination Δi, and SMBH mass M. It is found that close encounters of WDs occur mainly at $1.1R_{\rm H} \lesssim p \lesssim 2\sqrt{3}R_{\rm H}$, where RH is the mutual Hill radius. For p &lt; 1.1RH, the majority of WDs move in horseshoe or tadpole orbits, and only few of them with small initial orbital phase difference undergo close encounters. For p = 3.0RH, WD–WD collisions occur in most of the samples within a time 105P1, and considerable collisions occur within a time t &lt; 62P1 for small orbital radii, where P1 is the orbital period. The peak of the closest separation distribution increases and the WD–WD collision fraction decreases with an increase in relative inclination. The closest separation distribution is similar in cases with different SMBH mass, but the WD–WD collision fraction decreases as the mass of SMBHs increases. According to our estimation, the event rate of cosmic WD–WD collisions in AGN discs is about 300 Gpc−3 yr−1, roughly 1 per cent of that of observed Type Ia supernovae. The corresponding electromagnetic emission signals can be observed through large surveys of AGNs.
Gaia DR3 features of the phase spiral and its possible relation to internal perturbations
Authors: Li Chengdong , Siebert Arnaud , Monari Giacomo , Famaey Benoit , Rozier Simon 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
Disc stars from the Gaia DR3 RVS catalogue are selected to explore the phase spiral in the Galaxy. The data reveal a two-armed phase spiral pattern in the local z–vz plane inside the solar radius, which appears clearly when colour-coded by 〈vR〉(z, vz): this is characteristic of a breathing mode that can in principle be produced by in-plane non-axisymmetric perturbations. The phase spiral pattern becomes single armed outside the solar radius. When a realistic analytic model with a steadily rotating bar and 2-armed spiral arms as perturbation is used to perform particle test integrations, the pseudo-stars get a prominent spiral pattern in the 〈vR〉 map in the x–y plane. Additionally, clear breathing mode evidence at a few $\, \mathrm{km\, s}^{-1}$ level can be seen in the 〈vz〉 map on the x–z plane, confirming that such breathing modes are non-negligible in the joint presence of a bar and spiral arms. However, no phase spiral is perceptible in the (z, vz) plane. When an initial vertical perturbation is added to carry out the simulation, the one-armed phase spirals can clearly be seen 500 Myr after the perturbation and gradually disappear inside out. Finally, we show as a proof of concept how a toy model of a time-varying non-axisymmetric in-plane perturbation with varying pattern speed can produce a strong two-armed phase spiral. We conclude a time-varying strong internal perturbation together with an external vertical perturbation could perhaps explain the transition between the two-armed and one-armed phase spirals around the solar radius.
Strong lensed QSOs with variability detectable by LSST: How many are there?
Authors: Taak Yoon Chan , Treu Tommaso 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
Strong lensed quasi-stellar objects (QSOs) are valuable probes of the Universe in numerous aspects. Two of these applications, reverberation mapping and measuring time delays for determining cosmological parameters, require the source QSOs to be variable with sufficient amplitude. In this paper, we forecast the number of strong lensed QSOs with sufficient variability to be detected by the Vera C. Rubin Telescope Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST). The damped random walk model is employed to model the variability amplitude of lensed QSOs taken from a mock catalogue by Oguri & Marshall (2010). We expect 30–40 per cent of the mock lensed QSO sample, which corresponds to ∼1000, to exhibit variability detectable with LSST. A smaller subsample of 250 lensed QSOs will show larger variability of &gt;0.15 mag for bright lensed images with i &lt; 21 mag, allowing for monitoring with smaller telescopes. We discuss systematic uncertainties in the prediction by considering alternative prescriptions for variability and mock lens catalogue with respect to our fiducial model. Our study shows that a large-scale survey of lensed QSOs can be conducted for reverberation mapping and time delay measurements following up on LSST.
The UV luminosity functions of bright z &gt; 8 galaxies: determination from ∼0.41 deg2 of HST observations along ∼300 independent sightlines
Authors: Leethochawalit Nicha , Roberts-Borsani Guido , Morishita Takahiro , Trenti Michele , Treu Tommaso 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
We determine the bright end of the rest-frame UV luminosity function (UVLF) at z = 8–10 by selecting bright z ≳ 8 photometric candidates from the largest systematic compilation of HST (pure-)parallel observations to date, the Super-Brightest-of-Reionizing-Galaxies (SuperBoRG) data set. The data set includes ∼300 independent sightlines from WFC3 observations, totalling 800–1300 arcmin2 (depending on redshift). We identify 31 z ≳ 8 candidates via colour selection and photo-z analysis with observed magnitude (24.1 &lt; H160 &lt; 26.6) and 1σ range probability of $58\!-\!95~{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ of being true high-z galaxies. Following detailed completeness and source recovery simulations, as well as modelling of interloper contamination, we derive rest-frame UVLFs at z = 8–10 down to MUV ≃ −23. We find that the bright end of the galaxy luminosity function can be described both by a Schechter and by a double power-law function, with our space-based large area determination showing some tentative discrepancies with the luminosity functions derived from ground-based observations at the same redshifts. We identify two possible explanations. The first is that the UVLF includes a substantial contribution from AGNs at magnitudes MUV &lt; −22. The UVLF we derive at z = 8 is consistent with no evolution of the bright end from z = 6–7 UVLFs that include AGNs. An alternative (and non-exclusive) possibility is that the dust content of the observed galaxies decreases with redshift, thereby countering the naturally expected decrease in the UV luminosity functions because of a decreased star-formation rate with increasing redshift. Both scenarios raise interesting prospects to further understand galaxy formation in extreme objects during the epoch of reionization.
Detecting cosmic voids via maps of geometric-optics parameters
Authors: Peper Marius , Roukema Boudewijn F , Bolejko Krzysztof 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
Curved space–time geometric-optics maps derived from a deep photometric survey should contain information about the 3D matter distribution and thus about cosmic voids in the survey, despite projection effects. We explore to what degree sky-plane geometric-optics maps can reveal the presence of intrinsic 3D voids. We carry out a cosmological N-body simulation and place it further than a gigaparsec from the observer, at redshift 0.5. We infer 3D void structures using the watershed algorithm. Independently, we calculate a surface overdensity map and maps of weak gravitational lensing and geometric-optics scalars. We propose and implement a heuristic algorithm for detecting (projected) radial void profiles from these maps. We find in our simulation that given the sky-plane centres of the 3D watershed-detected voids, there is significant evidence of finding corresponding void centres in the surface overdensity Σ, the averaged weak-lensing tangential shear $\overline{{\gamma }_{\perp }}$, the Sachs expansion θ, and the Sachs shear modulus |σ|. Recovering the centres of the 3D voids from the sky-plane information alone is significant given the Sachs expansion θ, or the Sachs shear |σ|, mildly significant given the weak-lensing shear $\overline{{\gamma }_{\perp }}$, and not significant for the surface overdensity Σ. Void radii are uncorrelated between 3D and 2D voids; our algorithm is not designed to distinguish voids that are nearly concentric in projection. This investigation shows preliminary evidence encouraging observational studies of gravitational lensing through individual voids, either blind or with spectroscopic/photometric redshifts. The former case – blind searches – should generate falsifiable predictions of intrinsic 3D void centres.
Density streams in the disc winds of Classical T Tauri stars
Authors: Petrov P P , Grankin K N , Babina E V , Artemenko S A , Romanova M M , Gorda S Yu , Djupvik A A , Gameiro J F 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
Spectral and photometric variability of the Classical T Tauri stars RY Tau and SU Aur from 2013 to 2022 is analysed. We find that in SU Aur the H α line’s flux at radial velocity RV = −50 ± 7  km s−1 varies with a period P = 255 ± 5 d. A similar effect previously discovered in RY Tau is confirmed with these new data: P = 21.6 d at RV = −95 ± 5  km s. In both stars, the radial velocity of these variations, the period, and the mass of the star turn out to be related by Kepler’s law, suggesting structural features on the disc plane orbiting at radii of 0.2 au in RY Tau and 0.9 au in SU Aur, respectively. Both stars have a large inclination of the accretion disc to the line of sight – so that the line of sight passes through the region of the disc wind. We propose there is an azimuthal asymmetry in the disc wind, presumably in the form of ‘density streams,’ caused by substructures of the accretion disc surface. These streams cannot dissipate until they go beyond the Alfven surface in the disc’s magnetic field. These findings open up the possibility to learn about the structure of the inner accretion disc of CTTS on scales less than 1 au and to reveal the orbital distances related to the planet’s formation.
A search for gravitationally lensed supernovae within the Zwicky transient facility public survey
Authors: Magee M R , Sainz de Murieta A , Collett T E , Enzi W 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
Strong gravitational lensing of supernovae is exceedingly rare. To date, only a handful of lensed supernovae are known. Despite this, lensed supernovae have emerged as a promising method for measuring the current expansion rate of the Universe and breaking the Hubble tension. We present an extensive search for gravitationally lensed supernovae within the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) public survey, covering 15 215 transients with good light curves discovered during 4 yr of observations. We cross-match a catalogue of known and candidate lens galaxies with our sample and find three coincident sources, which were due to chance alignment. To search for supernovae magnified by unknown lenses, we test multiple methods suggested in the literature for the first time on real data. This includes selecting objects with extremely red colours, those that appear inconsistent with the host galaxy redshift, and those with bright absolute magnitudes inferred from the host galaxy redshift. We find a few hundred candidates, most of which are due to contamination from activate galactic nuclei, bogus detections, or unlensed supernovae. The false positive rate from these methods presents significant challenges for future surveys. In total, 132 unique transients were identified across all of our selection methods that required detailed manual rejection, which would be infeasible for larger samples. Overall, we do not find any compelling candidates for lensed supernovae, which is broadly consistent with previous estimates for the rate of lensed supernovae from the ZTF public survey alone and the number expected to pass the selection cuts we apply.
A giant radio galaxy with three cycles of episodic jet activity from LoTSS DR2
Authors: Chavan Kshitij , Dabhade Pratik , Saikia D J 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
The excellent sensitivity and optimum resolution of LoTSS DR2 at 144 MHz has enabled us to discover a giant radio galaxy (J1225+4011) with three distinct episodes of jet activity, making it a member of a class of objects called triple-double radio galaxies (TDRGs). The source extends overall up to 1.35 Mpc in projected size, with the second episode extending to 572 kpc, and the inner episode to 118 kpc. J1225+4011 is only the fourth radio source showing a triple-double radio structure. All four sources have overall sizes greater than 700 kpc, making them giants. We also present the LoTSS 144 MHz map of the TDRG J0929+4146 and report its updated size. Lastly, we have summarized and discussed the radio properties of all TDRGs for the first time to understand their growth and evolution. Our observations suggest that the power of their jets may decrease with time.
Integrative Omics Reveals Rapidly Evolving Regulatory Sequences Driving Primate Brain Evolution
Authors: Zhuang Xiao-Lin , Zhang Jin-Jin , Shao Yong , Ye Yaxin , Chen Chun-Yan , Zhou Long , Wang Zheng-bo , Luo Xin , Su Bing , Yao Yong-Gang , Cooper David N , Hu Ben-Xia , Wang Lu , Qi Xiao-Guang , Lin Jiangwei , Zhang Guo-Jie , Wang Wen , Sheng Nengyin , Wu Dong-Dong 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Although the continual expansion of the brain during primate evolution accounts for our enhanced cognitive capabilities, the drivers of brain evolution have scarcely been explored in these ancestral nodes. Here, we performed large-scale comparative genomic, transcriptomic, and epigenomic analyses to investigate the evolutionary alterations acquired by brain genes and provide comprehensive listings of innovatory genetic elements along the evolutionary path from ancestral primates to human. The regulatory sequences associated with brain-expressed genes experienced rapid change, particularly in the ancestor of the Simiiformes. Extensive comparisons of single-cell and bulk transcriptomic data between primate and nonprimate brains revealed that these regulatory sequences may drive the high expression of certain genes in primate brains. Employing in utero electroporation into mouse embryonic cortex, we show that the primate-specific brain-biased gene BMP7 was recruited, probably in the ancestor of the Simiiformes, to regulate neuronal proliferation in the primate ventricular zone. Our study provides a comprehensive listing of genes and regulatory changes along the brain evolution lineage of ancestral primates leading to human. These data should be invaluable for future functional studies that will deepen our understanding not only of the genetic basis of human brain evolution but also of inherited disease.
Effects of Ovarian Hormone Levels on Stress, Cigarette Craving, and Smoking in a Laboratory Relapse Paradigm Among Females Who Smoke Daily
Authors: Schick Melissa R , Baker Nathaniel L , Hood Caitlyn O , Tomko Rachel L , Gray Kevin M , Ramakrishnan Viswanathan R , Saladin Michael E , McClure Erin A 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Females, versus males, have shown a slower decline in smoking prevalence, greater smoking-related mortality and morbidity, and tend to have more difficulty achieving and maintaining abstinence. Identifying sex-specific risk factors is needed to improve outcomes. Though ovarian hormones have been evaluated for their role in smoking and relapse, measures tend to be static and infrequent, failing to capture the influence of increasing or decreasing levels.

Aims and Methods
The present study evaluated the effect of static and fluctuating levels of ovarian hormones (ie, progesterone, estradiol, and estrogen to progesterone [E/P] ratio) on stress reactivity, cigarette craving, and smoking during a laboratory relapse paradigm. Female participants (assigned female at birth) reporting daily cigarette smoking (N = 91, ages 18–45) were recruited from the community. Participants provided daily salivary ovarian hormone levels leading up to a laboratory session, in which stress was induced and stress reactivity, cigarette craving, latency to smoke, and ad-libitum smoking were measured.

Results
Static levels of estradiol were associated with stress reactivity (β = 0.28, SE = 0.13) and static E/P ratio was associated with smoking in the laboratory (HR = 1.4). Preceding 3-day changes in estradiol and E/P ratio, but neither static levels nor preceding 3-day changes in progesterone were associated with stress reactivity, cigarette craving, or smoking in a relapse paradigm.

Conclusions
Ovarian hormones are among several sex-specific factors involved in the complex neuroendocrine response to stress, and their interaction with other biological, social, and psychological factors in the real-world environment is not yet fully understood.

Implications
Findings of the present study provide novel information regarding the role of ovarian hormones among female participants who smoke daily in stress reactivity and smoking in the context of a laboratory relapse paradigm and highlight several avenues for future research. We found that same-day estradiol levels were associated with increased subjective stress reactivity and same-day estrogen to progesterone ratio was associated with increased likelihood of smoking in a relapse paradigm. Ovarian hormones are among several sex-specific factors contributing to the complex neuroendocrine response to stress, and their interaction with other biological, social, and psychological factors in the real-world environment is not yet fully understood.
Clinical Profile and Diagnosis of Recurrent Cutaneous Leishmaniasis
Authors: Arruda Sérgio , Agra-Duarte Gabriela , Lago Jamile , Oliveira Lívia , Zacarias Evelyn , Carvalho Lucas P , Machado Paulo R L , de Oliveira Camila I , Carvalho Edgar M 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This case-control study compared the clinical profile, parasite load, polymerase chain reaction positivity, and response to therapy in patients with recurrent cutaneous leishmaniasis (RCL) with primary cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). The RCL patients had milder diseases with lower parasite loads, a lower number of lesions, and more self-healing diseases than primary CL patients.
Heart failure and the heart–brain axis
Authors: Doehner Wolfram , Čelutkienė Jelena , Yilmaz Mehmet Birhan , Coats Andrew J S 
Published: July 2023

Summary
In heart failure (HF) strong haemodynamic and neuronal signalling feedback interactions between the heart and the central nervous system (CNS) exist that are able to mutually provoke acute or chronic functional impairment. Cerebral injury secondary to HF may include acute stroke, cognitive decline and dementia and depressive disorders. Also brain stem functions are involved in the cardiac-cerebral interaction in HF as neurohormonal control and neuronal reflex circuits are known to be impaired or imbalanced in HF. In turn, impaired cerebral functions may account for direct and indirect myocardial injury and may contribute to symptomatic severity of HF, to disease progression and to increased mortality. Despite the clinical and pathophysiologic significance of the heart—CNS interaction, this relevant field of HF comorbidity is clinically under-recognized with regard to both diagnostic workup and treatment efforts. Here, principal aspects of pathophysiologic heart—CNS interactions related to HF are discussed such as stroke, effects on cognitive function, on depressive disorder and neurovegetative control and neuronal cardiovascular reflex regulation. Aspects of (limited) treatment options for cerebral functional interactions in HF are examined.