bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gadolinium during human pregnancy following administration of gadolinium chelate before pregnancy
Authors: Coyte Rachel M. , Darrah Thomas , Olesik John , Barrett Emily , O'Connor Thomas G. , Brunner Jessica , Love Tanzy , Perez‐D'Gregorio Rogelio , Wang Henry Z. , Aleksunes Lauren M. , Buckley Brian , Doherty Cathleen , Miller Richard K. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractGadolinium (Gd), a toxic rare earth element, has been shown to dissociate from chelating agents and bioaccumulate within tissues, raising concerns about the possibility of their remobilization during pregnancy with subsequent free Gd exposures to developing fetuses. Gd chelates are among the most commonly used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents. This investigation was undertaken after the detection of elevated Gd (800–1000× higher than the usual rare earth element levels) in preliminary unpublished studies from the placentae of subjects in the NIH ECHO/UPSIDE Rochester Cohort Study and unpublished studies from placentae analyzed in formalin‐fixed placental specimens from Surgical Pathology at the University of Rochester. Fifteen pregnancies with elevated Gd were studied (12 first pregnancies and 3 second pregnancies). Maternal bloods were collected from all three trimesters, maternal, and cord (fetal) bloods at delivery as well as placental tissue. Breastmilk was also collected from selected mothers. It was determined that Gd was present in maternal bloods from all three trimesters, and in cord bloods and breastmilk in both first and second pregnancies. These results emphasize the need to fully appreciate the implications of pre‐pregnancy exposure to Gd chelates and its potential effects on maternal and fetal health.
Cost‐efficient cell clarification using an intensified fluidized bed centrifugation platform approach
Authors: Saballus Martin , Filz Thomas Josef , Pollard David , Kampmann Markus 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe intensification of industrial biopharmaceutical production and the integration of process steps pave the way for patients to access affordable treatments. The predominantly batchwise biomanufacturing of established cell clarification technologies, stainless steel disc stack centrifugation (DSC) and single‐use (SU) depth filtration (DF), pose technological and economical bottlenecks, that include low biomass loading capacities and low product recoveries. Therefore, a novel SU‐based clarification platform was developed combining fluidized bed centrifugation (FBC) with integrated filtration. The feasibility of this approach was investigated for high cell concentration with more than 100E6 cells/mL. Furthermore, scalability to 200 L bioreactor scale was tested for moderate cell concentrations. In both trials, low harvest turbidities (4 NTU) and superior antibody recoveries (95%) were achieved. The impact on the overall economics of industrial SU biomanufacturing using an up‐scaled FBC approach was compared with DSC and DF technologies for different process parameters. As a result, the FBC showed to be the most cost‐effective alternative for annual mAb production below 500 kg. In addition, the FBC clarification of increasing cell concentrations was found to have minimal impact on overall process costs, in contrast to established technologies, demonstrating that the FBC approach is particularly suitable for intensified processes.
Neural shifts in alpha rhythm's dual functioning during empathy maturation
Authors: Zebarjadi Niloufar , Levy Jonathan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroductionEmpathy is a social–cognitive process that operates by relying mainly on the suppression of the cortical alpha rhythm. This phenomenon has been evidenced in dozens of electrophysiological studies targeting adult human subjects. Yet, recent neurodevelopmental studies indicated that at a younger age, empathy involves reversed brain responses (e.g., alpha enhancement patterns). In this multimodal study, we capture neural activity at the alpha range, and hemodynamic response and target subjects at approximately 20 years old as a unique time window in development that allows investigating both low‐alpha suppression and high‐alpha enhancement. We aim to further investigate the functional role of low‐alpha power suppression and high‐alpha power enhancement during empathy development.MethodsBrain data from 40 healthy individuals were recorded in two consecutive sessions of magnetoencephalography (MEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) while subjects perceived vicarious physical pain or no pain.ResultsMEG revealed that the alpha pattern shift during empathy happens in an all‐or‐none pattern: power enhancement before 18 and suppression after 18 years of age. Additionally, MEG and fMRI highlight a correspondence between high‐alpha power increase and blood‐oxygen‐level‐dependent (BOLD) decrease before 18, but low‐alpha power decrease and BOLD increase after 18. Importantly, this neurodevelopmental transition was not revealed by four other measures: self‐reported (a) ratings of the task stimuli, (b) ratings of naturalistic vignettes of vicarious pain, (c) trait empathy, or neural data from (d) a control neuroimaging task.DiscussionFindings suggest that at the critical age of around 18, empathy is underpinned by an all‐or‐none transition from high‐alpha power enhancement and functional inhibition to low‐alpha power suppression and functional activation in particular brain regions, possibly indicating a marker of maturation in empathic ability. This work advances a recent neurodevelopmental line of studies and provides insight into the functional maturation of empathy at the coming of age.
A Bayesian network meta‐analysis of ALK inhibitor treatments in patients with ALK‐positive non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Zheng Bei , Jiang Hong , Yang Wenjuan , Li Ying , Liang Bingqing , Zhu Jun , Chen Nanmei , Chen Miao , Zhang Meiling 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo date, no direct comparisons have compared the effectiveness of all ALK inhibitors (ALKis) against ALK‐positive non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The aim of the present study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of ALKis in ALK‐positive NSCLC.MethodsThe effectiveness of ALKis was evaluated by assessing progression‐free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), overall response rate (ORR), and PFS with baseline brain metastasis (BM). The serious adverse events (SAEs: Grade ≥ 3) and adverse events (AEs) leading to discontinuation were pooled to evaluate safety. We conducted an indirect treatment comparison between all ALKis by using a Bayesian model.ResultsTwelve eligible trials including seven treatments were identified. All of the ALKis improved PFS and ORR relative to chemotherapy. Consistent with alectinib, brigatinib, lorlatinib, and ensartinib showed significant differences versus crizotinib and ceritinib. Lorlatinib seemed to prolong PFS compared with alectinib (0.64, 0.37 to 1.07), brigatinib (0.56, 0.3 to 1.05), and ensartinib (0.53, 0.28 to 1.02). No significant difference was found among them in OS except for alectinib versus crizotinib. Moreover, alectinib was significantly more effective than crizotinib (1.54, 1.02 to 2.5) in achieving the best ORR. Subgroup analyses based on BM indicated that PFS was dramatically lengthened by lorlatinib. Compared with other ALKis, alectinib notably reduced the rate of SAEs. There was no striking difference between discontinuation for AEs, except for ceritinib versus crizotinib. The ranking of validity showed that lorlatinib had the longest PFS (98.32%) and PFS with BM (85.84%) and the highest ORR (77.01%). The rank of probabilities showed that alectinib had the potentially best safety in terms of SAEs (97.85%), and ceritinib had less discontinuation (95.45%).ConclusionAlectinib was the first choice for patients with ALK‐positive NSCLC and even for those with BM, whereas lorlatinib was the second choice. Long‐term follow‐up and prospective studies are warranted to compare ALKis and to verify our conclusions directly.
Addressing social determinants of mental health in therapy: A thematic synthesis
Authors: Pauling Naomi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe importance of addressing social determinants of mental health in therapy is well‐documented. However, there appears to be limited research on what this actually involves in practice and how best to prepare therapists to work with individuals experiencing adverse social determinants.AimsThe aim of this review was to draw implications for practice and training from reviewing research on addressing social determinants of mental health in therapy.MethodologyA qualitative systematic review of the research on addressing social determinants of mental health in therapy was conducted, extracting papers from eight databases: Cochrane Library, ASSIA, CINAHL Plus, PsycInfo, Psychoanalytic Electronic Publishing, Science Direct, Scopus and Web of Science. Out of 127 papers found, five met the eligibility criteria and were quality‐assessed and analysed thematically.FindingsThe thematic synthesis generated three main themes: “the therapeutic relationship,” “adapting to client context” and “community as a resource,” with eight subthemes.ConclusionThis thematic synthesis highlights the importance of the therapeutic relationship and adapting mental health support to client frame of reference and context to address social determinants of mental health in therapy. It emphasises community as a helpful resource for informing training and therapeutic interventions, as well as a significant resource for people experiencing adverse social determinants.
A novel peptide derived from the mannose binding lectin inhibits LPS‐activated TLR4/NF‐κB signaling and suppresses ocular inflammation
Authors: Lu Yi , Wang Ruonan , Jin Huiyi , Xie Jiamin , Gu Qing , Yang Xiaolu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractUveitis is a major cause of vision impairment worldwide. Current treatments have limited effectiveness but severe complications. Mannose binding lectin (MBL) is an important protein of the innate immune system that binds to TLR4 and suppresses LPS‐induced inflammatory cytokine secretion. MBL‐mediated inhibition of inflammation via the TLR4 pathway and MBL‐derived peptides might be a potential therapeutics. In this study, we designed a novel MBL‐derived peptide, WP‐17, targeting TLR4. Bioinformatics analysis was conducted for the sequence, structure and biological properties of WP‐17. The binding of WP‐17 to THP‐1 cells was analyzed using flow cytometry. Signaling molecules were analyzed by western blotting, and activation of NF‐κB was measured by immunofluorescence‐histochemical analysis. Effects of WP‐17 were studied in vitro using LPS‐stimulated THP‐1 cells and in vivo in endotoxin‐induced uveitis (EIU). Our results showed that WP‐17 could bind to TLR4 expressed on macrophages, thus downregulating the expression levels of MyD88, IRAK‐4, and TRAF‐6, and inhibiting the downstream NF‐kB signaling pathway and LPS‐induced expression of TNF‐α and IL‐6 in THP‐1 cells. Moreover, in EIU rats, intravitreal pretreatment with WP‐17 demonstrated significant inhibitory effects on ocular inflammation, attenuating the clinical and histopathological manifestations of uveitis, reducing protein leakage and cell infiltration into the aqueous humor, and suppressing TNF‐α and IL‐6 production in ocular tissues. In summary, our study provides the first evidence of a novel MBL‐derived peptide that suppressed activation of the NF‐кB pathway by targeting TLR4. The peptide effectively inhibited rat uveitis and may be a promising candidate for the management of ocular inflammatory diseases.
Defective Prussian Blue Analogue with Cobalt for Fabrication of An Electrochemical Sensor for Detecting Ascorbic Acid, Dopamine and Uric Acid
Authors: Xu Yanxue , Qin Yunting , Gao Xilan , Li Jing , Xiao Dan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA Prussian blue analogue with cobalt (Na2‐xCo[Fe(CN)6]1‐y, PB‐Co), which is often used as sodium‐ion battery material, was found to be an excellent sensing material toward some biomolecules by calcination. PB‐Co calcined at 750 °C for 1 h (PB‐Co750‐1) has the improved defects to facilitate the adsorption and the catalytic oxidation of ascorbic acid (AA), dopamine (DA) and uric acid (UA). PB‐Co750‐1 modified on screen printed carbon electrode (SPE) for the ultrasensitively simultaneous determination of AA, DA and UA demonstrates the wide linear range, the low limit of detection (LOD) and the good reproducibility. In addition, the redox of the analytes was confirmed as the diffusion‐controlled process via the kinetic study. The recoveries of AA, DA and UA in real samples were found between 91 % to 114 %. AA and UA in tablets, serums and urines could be determined by PB‐Co750‐1/SPE with the satisfactory results.
Jörg Kärger: Diffusion Is His Life
Authors: Caro Jürgen 
Published: June 2023

AbstractJörg Kärger is a pioneer in the field of diffusion and his work has contributed significantly to the understanding of molecular mass transfer in porous systems. He has been actively researching diffusion in nanoporous materials for more than 50 years and, according to the Web of Science, is the most productive author in the field of diffusion, with 247 entries (search for diffusion in the title). He also has the highest total local citation score in the field of diffusion, which indicates not only the high number but also the high quality of his publications.
Bioequivalence of a Pediatric Fixed‐Dose Combination Tablet Darunavir/Cobicistat/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide Compared With Coadministration of the Separate Agents in Healthy Adults: An Open‐Label, Randomized, Replicate Crossover Study
Authors: Van Hemelryck Sandy , Van Landuyt Erika , Ariyawansa Jay , Vanveggel Simon , Palmer Martyn 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDarunavir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (D/C/F/TAF) 800/150/200/10 mg is a fixed‐dose combination (FDC) for the treatment of HIV‐1 infection in adults and adolescents weighing 40 kg or greater. This Phase 1, randomized, open‐label, 2‐treatment, 2‐sequence, 4‐period replicate crossover study (NCT04661397) evaluated the pivotal bioequivalence of a pediatric D/C/F/TAF 675/150/200/10‐mg FDC compared with coadministration of the separate commercially available formulations in healthy adults under fed conditions. During each period, participants received either a single oral dose of D/C/F/TAF 675/150/200/10‐mg FDC (test) or a single oral dose of darunavir 600 and 75 mg, cobicistat 150 mg, and emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide 200/10‐mg FDC (reference). Thirty‐seven participants were randomly assigned to one of 2 treatment sequence groups: test‐reference‐reference‐test or reference‐test‐test‐reference, with 7 days or more washout between periods. The 90% confidence intervals of the geometric mean ratios for maximum plasma concentration, area under the concentration–time curve from time zero to last measurable concentration, and area under the concentration–time curve extrapolated to infinity for darunavir, cobicistat, emtricitabine, and tenofovir alafenamide fell within conventional bioequivalence limits (80%–125%). No Grade 3/4 adverse events, serious adverse events, or deaths occurred. In conclusion, administration of D/C/F/TAF 675/150/200/10‐mg FDC was bioequivalent to coadministration of the separate commercially available formulations.
Customized flex‐path degrees bring value — and challenges
Authors: Sutton Halley 
Published: June 2023

CHICAGO — Creating customized degrees is a way to serve the needs of your local marketplace, both by providing skilled workers and by offering adult learners a chance to pursue something directly in line with their own career goals and interests. But scaling these programs — making it possible to have a wide range of options or your students, without competing internally with your own programs — can prove to be a challenge.
Pesticide exposure enhances dominance patterns in a zooplankton community
Authors: Almeida Rafaela A. , Fajgenblat Maxime , Lemmens Pieter , De Meester Luc 
Published: June 2023

AbstractExposure to pesticides can profoundly alter community dynamics. It is expected that dominance patterns will be enhanced or reduced depending on whether the dominant species is less or more sensitive to the pesticide than the subdominant species. Community dynamics are, however, also determined by processes linked to population growth as well as competition at carrying capacity. Here, we used a mesocosm experiment to quantify the effect of chlorpyrifos exposure on the population dynamics of four cladoceran species (Daphnia magna, Daphnia pulicaria, Daphnia galeata and Scapholeberis mucronata) in mixed cultures, testing for direct effects of chlorpyrifos and indirect effects mediated by interactions with other species on the timing of population growth and dominance at carrying capacity. We also quantified whether the pesticide‐induced changes in community dynamics affected top‐down control of phytoplankton. By adding a treatment in which we used different genotype combinations of each species, we also tested to what extent genetic composition affects community responses to pesticide exposure. Immobilization tests showed that D. magna is the least sensitive to chlorpyrifos of the tested species. Chlorpyrifos exposure first leads to a reduction in the abundance of D. galeata to the benefit of D. pulicaria, and subsequently to a reduction in densities of D. pulicaria to the benefit of D. magna. This resulted in D. magna being more dominant in the pesticide than in the control treatment by the end of the experiment. There was no effect of genotypic differences on community patterns, and top‐down control of phytoplankton was high in all treatments. Our results suggest that in this community dominance patterns are enhanced in line with the observed among‐species differences in sensitivity to the pesticide. Our results also show that the development of the community in pesticide treatment is a complex interaction between direct and indirect effects of the pesticide.
Contaminants reach everywhere: Fish dietary samples should be surface decontaminated prior to molecular diet analysis
Authors: Rijal Dilli Prasad , Hanebrekke Tanja , Arneberg Per , Johansen Torild , Sint Daniela , Traugott Michael , Skern‐Mauritzen Mette , Westgaard Jon‐Ivar 
Published: June 2023

AbstractKnowledge of trophic interaction is necessary to understand the dynamics of ecosystems and develop ecosystem‐based management. The key data to measure these interactions should come from large‐scale diet analyses with good taxonomic resolution. To that end, molecular methods that analyze prey DNA from guts and feces provide high‐resolution dietary taxonomic data. However, molecular diet analysis may also produce unreliable results if the samples are contaminated by external sources of DNA. Employing the freshwater European whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus) as a tracer for sample contamination, we studied the possible route of whitefish in beaked redfish (Sebastes mentella) guts sampled in the Barents Sea. We used whitefish‐specific COI primers for diagnostic analysis, and fish‐specific 12S and metazoa‐specific COI primers for metabarcoding analyses of intestine and stomach contents of fish samples that were either not cleaned, water cleaned, or bleach cleaned after being in contact with whitefish. Both the diagnostic and COI metabarcoding revealed clear positive effects of cleaning samples as whitefish were detected in significantly higher numbers of uncleaned samples compared to water or bleach‐cleaned samples. Stomachs were more susceptible to contamination than intestines and bleach cleaning reduced the frequency of whitefish contamination. Also, the metabarcoding approach detected significantly more reads of whitefish in the stomach than in intestine samples. The diagnostic analysis and COI metabarcoding detected contaminants in a higher and comparable number of gut samples than the 12S‐based approach. Our study underlines thus the importance of surface decontamination of aquatic samples to obtain reliable diet information from molecular data.
Behavioral thermoregulation of caterpillars is altered by temperature, but not parasitism: An empirical field study
Authors: Moore M. Elizabeth , Alston Meggan A. , Kingsolver Joel G. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractLaboratory assays show that parasites often have lower heat tolerance than their hosts. But how physiological tolerances and behavioral responses of hosts and parasites combine to affect their ecological interactions in heterogeneous field environments is largely unknown. We addressed this challenge using the model insect system of the braconid wasp parasitoid, Cotesia congregata, and its caterpillar host, Manduca sexta. We used experimental manipulations of microclimate in the field to determine how elevated daytime temperatures altered the behavior, performance, and survival of host and parasite. Our experimental manipulation increased daily maximum temperatures on host plants, but had negligible effects on overall mean temperature. These increased maximum temperatures resulted in subtle, biologically relevant, changes in physiology and behavior of the host and parasitoid. We found that parasitism by the wasp did not significantly alter caterpillar thermoregulatory behavior, while experimentally increased daily maximum temperatures resulted in both parasitized and unparasitized caterpillars to be found more frequently in cooler microhabitats. Overall, we did not observe the complete parasitoid mortality seen at extreme temperatures in laboratory studies, but gained insight into the sublethal effects of increased daily maximum temperatures on host and parasitoid behavior and physiology. Climate change will alter both the biotic and abiotic environments that organisms face, and we show here that empirical experiments in the field are important for understanding organismal response to these new environments.
Temperature moderates eDNA–biomass relationships in northern pike
Authors: Ogonowski M. , Karlsson E. , Vasemägi A. , Sundin J. , Bohman P. , Sundblad G. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSupport for eDNA as a quantitative monitoring tool is growing worldwide. Despite advances, there are still uncertainties regarding the representability of the eDNA signal over varying spatiotemporal scales, the influence of abiotic forcing, and phenological changes affecting the behavior of the study organism, particularly in open environments. To assess the spatiotemporal variability and predictive power of quantitative eDNA analysis, we applied species‐specific real‐time quantitative PCR on water filtrates during two visits to 22 coastal bays in the Baltic Sea. Within bays, we collected water along four transects across each bay and compared the pooled eDNA concentration to temporally matched catches from standardized angling targeting the northern pike (Esox lucius), a species for which reliable monitoring data is lacking. We found the variability in eDNA concentrations between transects to be moderate (21%) but still considerably lower than across bays and visits (52%), suggesting small‐scale spatial differences are of less importance during spring when pike spawn. Standardized angling catches, bay area, and water temperature together explained 48% of the variance in eDNA concentrations. DNA concentrations decreased with the increasing bay area, likely indicating a dilution effect. Notably, the relationship between eDNA and standardized catches was positive but varied with temperature and the eDNA‐abundance relationship was only significant at higher temperatures, which also coincided with a higher proportion of spawning/spent fish. We conclude that temperature is a key moderating factor driving changes in pike behavior and spring DNA‐dynamics. We recommend that future surveys focus on larger spatiotemporal scales during times when the influence of changing temperatures is minimized.