bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
One Year of COVID-19 Vaccine Misinformation on Twitter: Longitudinal Study
Authors: Pierri Francesco , DeVerna Matthew R , Yang Kai-Cheng , Axelrod David , Bryden John , Menczer Filippo 
Published: February 2023

Background
Vaccinations play a critical role in mitigating the impact of COVID-19 and other diseases. Past research has linked misinformation to increased hesitancy and lower vaccination rates. Gaps remain in our knowledge about the main drivers of vaccine misinformation on social media and effective ways to intervene.

Objective
Our longitudinal study had two primary objectives: (1) to investigate the patterns of prevalence and contagion of COVID-19 vaccine misinformation on Twitter in 2021, and (2) to identify the main spreaders of vaccine misinformation. Given our initial results, we further considered the likely drivers of misinformation and its spread, providing insights for potential interventions.

Methods
We collected almost 300 million English-language tweets related to COVID-19 vaccines using a list of over 80 relevant keywords over a period of 12 months. We then extracted and labeled news articles at the source level based on third-party lists of low-credibility and mainstream news sources, and measured the prevalence of different kinds of information. We also considered suspicious YouTube videos shared on Twitter. We focused our analysis of vaccine misinformation spreaders on verified and automated Twitter accounts.

Results
Our findings showed a relatively low prevalence of low-credibility information compared to the entirety of mainstream news. However, the most popular low-credibility sources had reshare volumes comparable to those of many mainstream sources, and had larger volumes than those of authoritative sources such as the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the World Health Organization. Throughout the year, we observed an increasing trend in the prevalence of low-credibility news about vaccines. We also observed a considerable amount of suspicious YouTube videos shared on Twitter. Tweets by a small group of approximately 800 “superspreaders” verified by Twitter accounted for approximately 35% of all reshares of misinformation on an average day, with the top superspreader (@RobertKennedyJr) responsible for over 13% of retweets. Finally, low-credibility news and suspicious YouTube videos were more likely to be shared by automated accounts.

Conclusions
The wide spread of misinformation around COVID-19 vaccines on Twitter during 2021 shows that there was an audience for this type of content. Our findings are also consistent with the hypothesis that superspreaders are driven by financial incentives that allow them to profit from health misinformation. Despite high-profile cases of deplatformed misinformation superspreaders, our results show that in 2021, a few individuals still played an outsized role in the spread of low-credibility vaccine content. As a result, social media moderation efforts would be better served by focusing on reducing the online visibility of repeat spreaders of harmful content, especially during public health crises.
The Feasibility of Using Smartphone Sensors to Track Insomnia, Depression, and Anxiety in Adults and Young Adults: Narrative Review
Authors: Alamoudi Doaa , Breeze Emma , Crawley Esther , Nabney Ian 
Published: February 2023

Background
Since the era of smartphones started in early 2007, they have steadily turned into an accepted part of our lives. Poor sleep is a health problem that needs to be closely monitored before it causes severe mental health problems, such as anxiety or depression. Sleep disorders (eg, acute insomnia) can also develop to chronic insomnia if not treated early. More specifically, mental health problems have been recognized to have casual links to anxiety, depression, heart disease, obesity, dementia, diabetes, and cancer. Several researchers have used mobile sensors to monitor sleep and to study changes in individual mood that may cause depression and anxiety.

Objective
Extreme sleepiness and insomnia not only influence physical health, they also have a significant impact on mental health, such as by causing depression, which has a prevalence of 18% to 21% among young adults aged 16 to 24 in the United Kingdom. The main body of this narrative review explores how passive data collection through smartphone sensors can be used in predicting anxiety and depression.

Methods
A narrative review of the English language literature was performed. We investigated the use of smartphone sensors as a method of collecting data from individuals, regardless of whether the data source was active or passive. Articles were found from a search of Google Scholar records (from 2013 to 2020) with keywords including “mobile phone,” “mobile applications,” “health apps,” “insomnia,” “mental health,” “sleep monitoring,” “depression,” “anxiety,” “sleep disorder,” “lack of sleep,” “digital phenotyping,” “mobile sensing,” “smartphone sensors,” and “sleep detector.”

Results
The 12 articles presented in this paper explain the current practices of using smartphone sensors for tracking sleep patterns and detecting changes in mental health, especially depression and anxiety over a period of time. Several researchers have been exploring technological methods to detect sleep using smartphone sensors. Researchers have also investigated changes in smartphone sensors and linked them with mental health and well-being.

Conclusions
The conducted review provides an overview of the possibilities of using smartphone sensors unobtrusively to collect data related to sleeping pattern, depression, and anxiety. This provides a unique research opportunity to use smartphone sensors to detect insomnia and provide early detection or intervention for mental health problems such as depression and anxiety if insomnia is detected.
Application of Double Skin Façade (DSF) and Electrochromic Glass in Buildings in Tropical Climate
Authors: Wicaksono Muhammad Satrio , Purwanto L. M. F. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
One method in terms of architectural technology used to minimize the negative impact of overheating is to design a building with double skin façade and integrating it with electrochromic glass. The purpose of this research is to reveal whether the use of a double skin façade and the application of electrochromic glass would be preferable for buildings in tropical climates, in terms of obtaining aesthetic points while not having to sacrifice thermal comfort nor committing energy waste at the same time. The data in this research is obtained with qualitative – descriptive comparative method, which is applied for room temperature measurement with a computer simulation software, based on pre-existing theories, reference standards and material specifications from existing manufacturers. The results of this study conclude that the application of double skin façade in a building does make a significant contribution to achieving thermal and lighting comfort. Both profiles of space reduction with the use of electrochromic glass in buildings in tropical climates are able to reach ideal temperatures in comparison to when ordinary glass material is applied. And third, it is proven that the double skin façade technology and applying electrochromic glass on a building can provide significant energy efficiency for long-term projects.
The Use of Residual Municipal Solid Waste as an Alternative Fuel
Authors: Pavliuk Nonna , Sigal Oleksandr , Safiants Artem , Plashykhin Sergii 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The relevance of the work is determined by the war of the Russian Federation in Ukraine and the decision of the leading countries of the world, the EU and Ukraine to abandon energy dependence on energy from the Russian Federation. An analysis is provided of the main directions for reducing the European Union's dependence on Russian natural gas by a third by the end of 2022, in particular, the development of the Waste-to-Energy market in the EU and other leading countries of the world. The main ways are presented and computational investigations of the possibility of substitution of certain amounts of natural gas with artificial fuel from residual MSW are carried out.
Based on the performed calculations, the authors formulated proposals for the feasibility of constructing facilities for energy use of residual MSW in different regions of Ukraine, as well as connecting them to the systems of centralized heating in Ukraine. The paper proves the necessity of building Waste-to-Energy power plants in the largest, large and big cities of the country. The ecological expediency of recovery of residual waste is shown.
A study of immersive technology for product usability improvement design based on comprehensive value evaluation
Authors: Tang Zhi , Zhao Yixuan , Zheng Weiming , Korotkov Alexander Nikolayevich 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The combined value of any product design method depends on the design benefits and costs of use, determining the need to put the method into practice. In this study, a virtual reality design system was constructed to support the widely adopted user interview method for the usability improvement design of an existing product, using an industrial remote control as example. The combined value of the method was verified to be superior to the use of user interviews alone, in terms of the number and importance of usability questions mined by users, the level of styling of improved design solutions guided by usability questions, and the willingness of designers to use the method. It provides a useful reference for the promotion of immersive technology in the field of product design and the search for new focus points.
Identification of honey bee sperm structures following the use of various staining techniques
Authors: Banaszewska Dorota , Andraszek Katarzyna 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Bees are currently artificially inseminated on a large scale for breeding and research purposes. The sperm of bees has a complex and varied structure, and determination of specific morphological defects in it is very difficult. Its comprehensive analysis by inspecting morphology and morphometry is an important tool for improving honey bee lines. The staining technique should interfere with the cells as little as possible while clearly showing the boundaries of the head and other elements. In this study, a comparative analysis of the morphometry of sperm was performed with various techniques for staining drone semen.

Material and Methods
Semen was collected from 150 sexually mature Buckfast bee drones by artificially everting the copulatory organ. The morphology and morphometry of the sperm were assessed on slides prepared by three staining methods according to the protocols described online, using the Sperm Class Analyzer system. The lengths of the acrosome, nucleus, head in total, midpiece, tail without midpiece, tail with midpiece, and entire sperm were measured.

Results
The most details of the drone sperm structure could be seen when stained with the eosin-nigrosin complex. This method made it possible to identify all structures and revealed the uneven distribution of sperm proteins in different parts of the tail. With the Sperm Stain method fewer details of the sperm structure were recognisable, and the fewest were with SpermBlue.

Conclusion
The staining method, and thus the chemical reagents used, affect the dimensions of drone sperm. Given the great research potential of modified spermatozoa of insects, a standard for slide preparation for the evaluation of morphological and morphometric semen parameters should be established, as this would facilitate result comparison between laboratories and increase the value of morphological analysis of sperm for predicting and assessing fertility.
The role of transforaminal nerve block in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation and spinal canal stenosis
Authors: Sharaf Yusuf , Taha Baha , Alzaimoor Zahra R. , Sayyad Yakub K. 
Published: February 2023

Objectives:
This study aimed to evaluate patients undergoing transforaminal nerve block treatment in lumbar disc herniation (LDH) and spinal canal stenosis.

Methods:
It is an observational descriptive cross-sectional study at a single tertiary care hospital. It is based on a review of electronic medical records of patients suffering from lower back pain from either LDH or spinal canal stenosis and who underwent transforaminal nerve blocks between January 2019 and December 2021.

Results:
A total of 440 patients were included in this study. Study findings reported that the etiology behind the treatment was mostly due to spinal canal stenosis with 223 cases (50.7%), followed by disc bulge with 208 cases (47.3%), two cases had both diagnoses, and the others had different etiologies such as degenerative disease with scoliosis, micro decompression. The visual analog scale pain score was highest on the pre-injection time point (7.1 ± 1.1) and decreased significantly with time after the injection to reach 2.7 ± 1.04 after 6 months. Similarly, the Oswestry Disability Index was high during pre-injection (64.9 ± 7.5) and decreased significantly to 19.3 ± 16.2 after 1-day post-injection and 13.2 ± 3.8 after 6 months.

Conclusion:
This study proves that transforaminal nerve block is an alternative treatment with proven efficacy and safety with quick pain relief in these patients, especially in the early phase, with immediate benefit.
Traumatic dissection of the anterior cerebral artery secondary to a rugby related impact: A case report with emphasis on the usefulness of T1-VISTA
Authors: Nakao Junzo , Hosoo Hisayuki , Muroi Ai , Takahashi Toshihide , Marushima Aiki , Ishikawa Eiichi , Matsumaru Yuji 
Published: February 2023

Background:Cerebrovascular injuries (CVIs) are not usually considered in the differential diagnosis of sport-related head injuries (SRHIs). We encountered a rugby player with traumatic dissection of the anterior cerebral artery (ACA) after impact on the forehead. Head magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with T1-volume isotropic turbo spin-echo acquisition (VISTA) was used to diagnose the patient.Case Description:The patient was a 21-year-old man. During a rugby tackle, his forehead collided with the forehead of an opponent. He did not have a headache or disturbance of consciousness immediately after the SRHI. On the 2ndday of illness, he had transient weakness of the left lower limb several times. On the 3rdday of illness, he visited our hospital. MRI revealed occlusion of the right ACA and acute infarction of the right medial frontal lobe. T1-VISTA revealed intramural hematoma of the occluded artery. He was diagnosed with acute cerebral infarction due to dissection of the ACA and was followed up for vascular changes with T1-VISTA. The vessel had recanalized and the size of the intramural hematoma had decreased 1 and 3 months after the SRHI, respectively.Conclusion:Accurate detection of morphological changes in cerebral arteries is important for the diagnosis of intracranial vascular injuries. When paralysis or sensory deficits occur after SRHIs, it is difficult to differentiate between concussion from CVI. Athletes with red-flag symptoms after SRHIs should not merely be suspected to have concussion; they should be considered for imaging studies.
Effects of microvascular decompression on quality-of-life in trigeminal neuralgia patients aged 70 years and older
Authors: Yoshizaki Wataru , Fujikawa Yoshiki , Torikoshi Sadaharu , Katayama Toshiro , Iwasaki Koichi , Toda Hiroki 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) occasionally affects older adults, frequently worsens, and becomes refractory to medication. Older adult patients with TN may consider microvascular decompression (MVD) for their treatment. No study examines MVD effects on older adult TN patients’ health-related quality of life (HRQoL). The present study evaluates the HRQoL of TN patients aged 70 years and older before and after MVD.

Methods:
Adult TN patients who underwent MVD evaluated their HRQoL using the 36-Item Short-form (SF-36) Health Survey before and 6 months after MVD. The patients were divided into four groups according to their decade of age. The clinical parameters and operative outcomes were analyzed statistically. The SF-36 physical, mental, and role social component summary scores and eight domain scale scores were analyzed using a twoway repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) to compare the effects of age group and preoperative and postoperative time points.

Results:
Among 57 adult patients (34 women, 23 men; mean age, 69 years; range, 30–89 years), 21 patients were in their seventies, and 11 were in their eighties. The SF-36 scores of patients in all age groups improved after MVD. Two-way repeated-measures ANOVA demonstrated a significant age group effect on the physical component summary and its physical functioning domain. A time point effect was significant on all component summaries and domains. There was a significant interaction between age group and time point effects on the bodily pain domain. These results suggested that patients 70 years and older had significant postoperative HRQoL improvement, but their improvement of physical-related HRQoL and multiple physical pain issues were limited.

Conclusion:
Impaired HRQoL in TN patients aged 70 years and older can improve after MVD. Careful management of multiple comorbidities and surgical risks enables MVD to be an appropriate treatment for older adult patients with refractory TN.
Preservation of rare south african succulents in collections of botanical gardens
Authors: Озерова Людмила Викторовна , Чичканова Елена Сергеевна 
Published: February 2023

Приведен перечень из 36 редких южноафриканских суккулентов с локальным распространением в их природном ареале в ЮАР. Выявлено, что в коллекции Никитского ботанического сада (НБС) представлено таких 18 южноафриканских видов суккулентов из 9 родов, а в коллекции Главного ботанического сада им. Н.В. Цицина РАН представлено 17 видов из 8 родов. Определено, что в коллекции НБС 11 видов имеют статус категории - DD, который подтверждает отсутствие достаточной информации о их редкости. В коллекции ГБС преобладает 11 видов южноафриканских суккулентов, которые имеют статус Vulnerable (Vu) - «уязвимые». Преобладающее число видов (8) коллекции НБС локализовано в ЮАР в Западно-Капской и ВосточноКапской провинциях; в коллекции ГБС преобладающее число видов (11) локализовано в Северо-Капской провинции. Таким образом, коллекции редких видов способствуют сохранению генетического и морфологического разнообразия живых систем и познанию закономерностей их формирования.
A list of 36 rare South African succulents with local distribution in their natural range in South Africa is given. It was revealed that the collection of the Nikitsky Botanical Gardens (NBG) contains 18 such South African succulent species from nine genera, and the collection of the N.V. Tsitsin Main Botanical Garden of the Russian Academy of Sciences contains 17 such species from eight genera. It was determined that 11 species in the NBG’s collection have the status of category - DD, which confirms the lack of sufficient information about their rarity. The MBG’s collection is dominated by 11 species of South African succulents, which have the status of Vulnerable (Vu) - "vulnerable". The predominant number of species (8) in the NBG’s collection is localized in South Africa in the Western Cape and Eastern Cape provinces; in the MBG’s collection, the predominant number of species (11) is localized in the Northern Cape Province. Thus, collections of rare species contribute to the preservation of the genetic and morphological diversity of living systems and the knowledge of the patterns of their formation.
FORGOTTEN REALITIES OF THE FIRST WORLD: FRONT COMMON
Authors: Булдаков Владимир Прохорович 
Published: February 2023

Автор показывает, что фронтовая жизнь русских солдат была далека от газетных описаний. Патриотические настроения неуклонно шли на убыль. Взаимоотношения офицеров и солдат оставались отчужденными. Солдаты периодически испытывали недостаток питания и обмундирования, страдали от болезней. Прогрессировала деморализация как среди солдат, так и среди офицеров. В целом фронтовая действительность продуцировала самые различные формы уклонения солдат от исполнения воинского долга. Процветали мародерство и грабеж, распространились различные виды дезертирства и членовредительства. Современное право оказалось бессильно перед связанными с войной девиациями, которыми столь основательно было отмечено на войне поведение человека традиционного общества. В письмах солдат усиливалась пацифистские настроения и антивоенная тема.
The author shows that the trench’s life of Russian soldiers was far from newspaper descriptions. Patriotic sentiment was steadily on the wane. The relationship between officers and soldiers remained alienated. The soldiers periodically lacked food and uniforms and suffered from illnesses. Demoralization progressed both among soldiers and officers. In general, front-line reality produced the most diverse forms of evasion by soldiers from the performance of military duty. Looting and robbery intensified, various types of desertion and self-mutilation spread. Modern law has turned out to be powerless in the face of war-related deviations, which so thoroughly marked the behavior of traditional minded persons. In the soldiers’ letters pacifist sentiments and an anti-war theme intensified.
VALUE FOUNDATIONS OF A MULTIDIMENSIONAL MODEL OF EDUCATION
Authors: Бакурадзе Андрей Бондович , Топчий Александр Юрьевич 
Published: February 2023

На основе проведенного авторами социально-философского анализа образовательных моделей с различными ценностными доминантами в статье обосновывается необходимость перехода к аксиологически многомерной модели образования. Доказывается, что такая модель должна базироваться на ценностях природы, общества и человека как высших ценностях. Показано, что ее результатом должно стать интегральное мировоззрение, основанное на указанных выше аксиологических доминантах. Авторы делают вывод, что, как и классические модели, новая модель образования должна обеспечивать его непрерывность, что обуславливает в ней синтез ценного теоретического и практического педагогического опыта, разработанного и апробированного в теоцентрической, социоцентрической, натурцентрической и антропоцентрической моделях образования, с содержанием, формами и методами образования, определяемыми ценностными ориентациями, базирующимися на совокупности ценностей человека, общества и природы.
Based on the authors' socio-philosophical analysis of educational models with various value dominants, the article substantiates the need to move to an axiologically multidimensional model of education. It is proved that such a model should be based on the values of nature, society and man as the highest values. It is shown that its result should be an integral worldview based on the axiological dominants mentioned above. The authors conclude that, like classical models, the new model of education should ensure its continuity, which causes it to synthesize valuable theoretical and practical pedagogical experience developed and tested in theocentric, sociocentric, naturcentric and anthropocentric models of education, with the content, forms and methods of education determined by value orientations based on a set of values. man, society and nature.