bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stop, collaborate, and listen: Encouraging interprofessional education through critical care simulations for pharmacy students
Authors: Shah Kaanan R. , McKeefer Haley J. M. , Wieters Matthew D. , Babalola R. Oluwafunmito , Hodge Crystal K. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe ability to work effectively on an interprofessional team is a key skill for pharmacy students, especially in the critical care setting. Successful interprofessional teamwork between pharmacists and the health care team has been shown to improve patient outcomes. Subsequently, early exposure to interprofessionalism in the critical care setting may benefit student pharmacist confidence and performance prior to advanced hospital rotations. Simulation training offers an ideal, low‐risk educational methodology for student pharmacists to practice key skills. To describe changes in student pharmacist confidence in pharmacotherapy interventions and interprofessional skills using team‐based critical care simulations. Teams of two student pharmacists and six student physicians executed two simulated cases of myocardial infarction and emergent hypertension under the auspices of a physician resident or senior student physician. After diagnosis by the student physicians, student pharmacists consulted on treatment decisions including drug selection, dose, and frequency. Confidence in clinical skills and interprofessionalism were assessed via an unvalidated, pre‐ and post‐simulation survey unique to each profession. Questions were a combination of free responses and a five‐point Likert scale. A total of 105 students participated in the simulations with 26 student pharmacists and 79 student physicians. After the simulations, student pharmacist confidence in their pharmacotherapy knowledge of emergent hypertension and myocardial infarctions (p < 0.02) improved; however, their confidence in effectively communicating with their physician counterparts did not increase significantly (p = 0.06). Student physician confidence in the pharmacist's role during codes increased (p < 0.001), which coincided with student pharmacists' feeling respected and included by the physician team. Interprofessional simulations can supplement critical care exposure and pharmacotherapy education for student pharmacists and student physicians. The simulation design discussed in this report can provide pharmacy educators with a model for implementing team‐based critical care scenarios within pharmacotherapy or foundational professional skills curricula.
Examining the associations between physical activity, self‐esteem, perceived stress, and internalizing symptoms among older adolescents
Authors: Wright Laura J. , Veldhuijzen van Zanten Jet J. C. S. , Williams Sarah E. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIntroductionIn older adolescence, stress has been found to be prevalent. It has been seen that higher physical activity (PA) relates to lower stress levels, which, in turn, relates to fewer anxiety and depressive symptoms (internalizing symptoms). However, how these associations function is not fully understood. PA is strongly associated with greater self‐esteem in adolescents. As greater self‐esteem is thought to aid better coping with stress and has been seen as beneficial for mental health in adolescents, PA may be associated with lower stress and better mental health through self‐esteem and more adaptive stress appraisals. Therefore, the aim of the study was to examine the relationships between PA, self‐esteem, stress, and mental health.MethodsA cross‐sectional design was employed, and path analysis was implemented. PA, self‐esteem, stress appraisals, distress tolerance, perceived stress, anxiety, and depression were assessed using online questionnaires from 244 adolescent participants from the United Kingdom (aged 15–19, M = 16.75 [SD = 0.82], 145 female).ResultsPath analysis revealed that PA was associated with lower perceived stress through increased self‐esteem, adaptive appraisals, and higher distress tolerance (total standardized indirect effect; p = .007 (−0.25 to −0.11). Moreover, lower perceived stress was associated with lower anxiety (standardized direct effect; p < .001 [2.65–4.0] and depressive symptoms (standardized direct effect; p < .001 [0.33–0.63]).ConclusionsFindings suggest that higher PA could be effective in improving mental health among older adolescents, due to its association with perceived stress through higher self‐esteem and more adaptive appraisals of stress.
CUL4A‐mediated ZEB1/microRNA‐340‐5p/HMGB1 axis promotes the development of osteoporosis
Authors: Chen Hongliang , Zheng Qiang , Lv You , Yang Zhongfeng , Fu Qin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractUnderstanding the molecular mechanisms underlying osteoclast differentiation provides insights into bone loss and even osteoporosis. The specific mechanistic actions of cullin 4A (CUL4A) in osteoclast differentiation and resultant osteoporosis is poorly explored. We developed a mouse model of osteoporosis using bilateral ovariectomy (OVX) and examined CUL4A expression. It was noted that CUL4A expression was increased in the bone marrow of OVX mice. Overexpression of CUL4A promoted osteoclast differentiation, and knockdown of CUL4A alleviated osteoporosis symptoms of OVX mice. Bioinformatic analyses were applied to identify the downstream target genes of microRNA‐340‐5p (miR‐340‐5p), followed by interaction analysis. The bone marrow macrophages (BMMs) were isolated from femur of OVX mice, which were transfected with different plasmids to alter the expression of CUL4A, Zinc finer E‐box binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1), miR‐340‐5p, and Toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4). ChIP assay was performed to detect enrichment of ZEB1 promoter by H3K4me3 antibody in BMMs. ZEB1 was overexpressed in the bone marrow of OVX mice. Overexpression of CUL4A mediated H3K4me3 methylation to increase ZEB1 expression, thus promoting osteoclast differentiation. Meanwhile, ZEB1 could inhibit miR‐340‐5p expression and upregulate HMGB1 to induce osteoclast differentiation. Overexpressed ZEB1 activated the TLR4 pathway by regulating the miR‐340‐5p/HMGB1 axis to induce osteoclast differentiation, thus promoting the development of osteoporosis. Overall, E3 ubiquitin ligase CUL4A can upregulate ZEB1 to repress miR‐340‐5p expression, leading to HMGB1 upregulation and the TLR4 pathway activation, which promotes osteoclast differentiation and the development of osteoporosis.
Application of phyto‐fabricated zinc oxide nanoparticles to diminish brown spot of pear whilst maintaining its quality
Authors: Jabeen Hira , Haroon Urooj , Bilal Aatra , Anjum Lubna , Kamal Asif , Bibi Hasna , Anar Maryam , Ahmed Junaid , Farhana  , Saleem Hira , Akbar Mahnoor , Munis Muhammad Farooq Hussain 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPyrus communis is a common fruit of temperate region, its domestication and origin is at two different points, Asia and China. Pear fruits bearing brown spot symptoms were picked, and pathogen was isolated and poured on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) media. On basis of molecular and molecular analyses, this isolated pathogen was identified as Alternaria alternata. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) were prepared from Theveti peruviana leaf extract and were characterized through various techniques Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis of prepared ZnO NPs depicted the presence of agents responsible for stabilization and reduction such as alkenes, alkynes, nitro compounds, alkyl halides, aromatic compounds and aliphatic amines. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the size (27 nm) and crystalline nature of ZnO NPs. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) depicted the irregular shape of the prepared ZnO NPs. Mass percentage of zinc (79.84%) and oxygen (20.16%) was depicted using Energy Dispersive X‐Ray (EDX) analysis. The in vitro and in vivo antifungal activity (A.F) of prepared NPs against A. alternata was confirmed by poisoned food technique and wound inoculation method. On the basis of which it was concluded that 1.0 mg/mL concentration of ZnO NPs could effectively inhibit A. alteranata growth and minimize the risk of brown spot of pear. SEM images of A. alternata under 1 mg/mL NPs showed the deformation in morphology of A. alternata. ZnO NPs also aided in the preservation of its various organoleptic and biochemical properties. The high percentage of soluble solids, firmness, ascorbic acid and sugars demonstrated its high quality. It has been concluded that 1 mg/mL ZnO NPs can effectively control brown spot of pear while maintaining its quality. In addition, the method might be applied to control emerging diseases in an ecofriendly way to meet the global food demand.Research Highlights
Isolation and characterization of pathogen causing brown spot in pear.
Pathogenicity of A. alternata was checked on healthy fruits.
Thevetia peruviana leaf extract was used for the synthesis, characterization and antifungal assay of ZnO Nanoparticles.
Green synthesized nanoparticles can be economically effective alternative fungicide for the large scale in agriculture fields
Modulation Effects of the CEP128 Gene on Radiotherapy‐Related Brain Injury: A Longitudinal Structural Study Using Multi‐Parametric Brain MR Images
Authors: Lin Shiwei , Lv Xiaofei , Lin Xiaoshan , Chen Shengli , Li Yanqing , Xu Manxi , Qiu Yingwei , Tang Linquan 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundThe promoter variant rs17111237 in the CEP128 closely relates to radiotherapy (RT)‐related brain necrosis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients.PurposeTo explore RT‐related dynamic alterations in brain morphology and their potential genetic mechanism, and to explore the modulatory effects of CEP128 genetic variants on RT‐related brain morphological alterations in NPC patients.Study TypeProspective, longitudinal.PopulationOne hundred one patients with histopathologic ally‐proven NPC (age 41.64 ± 9.63, 46 male), analyzed at baseline (pre‐RT), 3‐months post‐RT and 6 months post‐RT, and 19 sex‐, age‐ and education‐matched healthy controls.Field Strength/Sequence3D gradient echo brain volume (3D‐BRAVO) and diffusion‐weighted single‐shot spin‐echo echo‐planar sequences at 3.0 T.Assessmentrs17111237 in CEP128 was detected by Sanger sequencing. Structural and diffusion images were processed with FreeSurfer and FSL. Morphometric similarity network (MSN) was constructed with nine cortical indices derived from structural and diffusion images.Statistical TestsOne‐way ANOVA, chi‐square test. Pearson's correlation analysis was conducted to measure the relationship between CEP128 gene‐expression level in human brain and MSN alterations. Repeated analysis of variance performed to assess group differences in MSN and the modulatory effects of the CEP128 gene within patients. Significance level: P < 0.05, false‐discovery rate correction.ResultsRT‐related significant widespread MSN alterations were observed in the cortices of NPC patients. Notably, regional MSN alterations had a weak but significant negative correlation with the cortical pattern of CEP128 gene expression (r = −0.152). Furthermore, rs17111237 in the CEP128 had significant modulatory effects on the observed MSN alterations in NPC patients, with the modulatory effects being most obvious at 3 months post‐RT.ConclusionsMSN has potential to serve as a sensitive biomarker to detect RT‐related brain injury. Inter‐brain regional and inter‐patient variability of RT‐related brain injuries may be attributed to the cortical expression of the CEP128 gene and the modulatory effects of the promoter variant rs17111237 in CEP128.Evidence Level2Technical EfficacyStage 2
What is the most cost‐beneficial way to prepare micafungin for paediatric oncology patients?
Authors: Li Erica , Smith Evonne 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundA recent change in local paediatric antifungal guidelines resulted in an increase in micafungin use. Micafungin is an expensive medicine costing AUD $80 per vial. The pharmacy aseptic production unit (APU) has the ability to compound doses to share vials of micafungin to minimise wastage.AimTo determine whether aseptically compounded and individually prepared doses of micafungin would be more cost‐beneficial than nurses using whole vials prepared on the ward, and to determine which dose and numbers of doses would be most cost‐beneficial to compound.MethodA time and motion study of 20 patients determined how long it took for nurses and the pharmacy APU to prepare doses. An economic analysis of time, cost of labour, and consumables outlined the cost to make one to seven doses with doses ranging from 10 to 200 mg.ResultsOn average, it took the pharmacy APU 42 min and nurses 9 min to prepare a single dose. Aseptically compounding one dose, whole vials (doses of 50 mg increments), and doses near whole vials had no cost‐benefit. Aseptically compounding five doses or more had would result in a cost‐benefit.ConclusionDepending on the dose required, cost savings could be obtained when the pharmacy APU prepared multiple doses, with a maximum saving of $350.10 for a 7‐day course. Determining baseline costs of micafungin preparation is relevant if there are future requests to compound medicines as the data could be extrapolated and applied to the new request.
Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and heated intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) for peritoneal mesothelioma: Canadian practices and outcomes
Authors: Deban Melina , Taqi Kadhim , Knapp Gregory C. , Soucisse Mikael , Curry Matt , Sidéris Lucas , Dubé Pierre , Khaldi Maher Al , Jedrzejko Nicole , Porter Geoff , Giacomantonio Carman , Hamilton Trevor , MacNeill Andrea , Mack Lloyd , Bouchard‐Fortier Antoine 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIntroductionPeritoneal mesothelioma (PM) is a rare malignancy originating from the peritoneal lining. Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and heated intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) is the standard‐of‐care for patients with isolated PM. Due to a paucity of prospective data there are several different HIPEC protocols. The aims of this study are to describe the CRS and HIPEC protocols for PM and patient outcomes across Canada.MethodsA multicenter retrospective study was performed on patients diagnosed and treated for PM with CRS and HIPEC in four major peritoneal disease centers in Canada between 2000 and 2021. Data on patient characteristics, treatment patterns, postoperative morbidity, recurrence, and survival were collected.ResultsA total of 72 patients were identified. Mean age was 52 years (17–75) and 37.5% were male. Epithelioid (70.1%) and multicystic (13%) mesothelioma were the most common subtypes. Twenty‐one patients (30%) were treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. CRS and HIPEC was performed in 64 patients (91.4%). Of these, the mean PCI was 22 (2–39) and cisplatin+doxorubicin was the most common HIPEC regimen (n = 33, 51.6%). A semi‐closed coliseum technique was used in 68.8% of HIPECs and the mean duration of surgery was 486 min (90–1052). Clavien‐Dindo III or IV complications occurred in 12 patients (16.9%). With a median follow‐up of 24 months (0.2–104.4), we found a 5‐year overall survival of 61% and a 5‐year recurrence‐free survival of 35%.ConclusionCRS and HIPEC is a safe and effective treatment modality for well‐selected patients with PM, with some achieving prolonged survival.
Endoscopic Endonasal Approach to Intraconal Orbital Tumors: Outcomes and Lessons Learned
Authors: Sindwani Raj , Sreenath Satyan B. , Recinos Pablo F. 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundLesions involving the intraconal space of the orbit are rare and challenging to manage. Operative techniques and outcomes for the endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) to tumors in the medial intraconal space (MIS) remain poorly characterized.ObjectiveWe present our experience with a wide range of isolated intraconal pathology managed via an EEA.MethodsA retrospective review of all cases (2014–2021) performed by a single skull base team in which the EEA was employed for the management of an intraconal orbital lesion.ResultsTwenty patients (13 men, 7 women) with a mean age of 59 years (range, 40–89 years) were included. All lesions were isolated to the MIS, pathology addressed included: cavernous hemangioma (6), schwannoma (4), lymphoma (4), inflammatory pseudotumor (2), chronic invasive fungal sinusitis (2), and metastatic disease (2). Either a biopsy (10/20) or a complete resection (10/20) was performed. In all cases, the MIS was accessed via an endonasal corridor between the medial and inferior rectus muscles. Retraction and safe, intra‐orbital dissection of the lesion was performed using a two‐surgeon, multi‐handed technique. Gross total resection of benign lesions was achieved in 90% (9/10) of cases; a pathologic diagnosis was achieved in 100% (10/10) of biopsy cases. No orbital reconstruction was required. Visual acuity returned to normal in 80% (8/10) of planned resection cases and postoperative diplopia resolved by 3 months in 90%. Mean follow‐up was 15 months.ConclusionThis study demonstrates that the EEA is safe and effective for accessing lesions in the MIS. This technique affords very favorable outcomes with minimal postoperative morbidity.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 134:47–55, 2024
Difficult Tracheal Intubation and Airway Outcomes after Radiation for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Authors: Huang Alice E. , Camiré Daenis , Hwang Peter H. , Nekhendzy Vladimir 
Published: May 2023

ObjectiveThe aim of the study was to characterize the incidence and management of difficult tracheal intubations (DTIs) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) after primary radiation therapy (RT).MethodsThe study was a retrospective review of airway assessment and outcomes in post‐RT NPC patients. Primary analysis was performed on patients who underwent post‐RT procedures, who were split into non‐DTI and DTI groups. Patients were classified as DTI if they (i) required >1 attempt to intubate, (ii) failed to be intubated, or (iii) experienced complications attributed to airway management. Secondary analysis was performed between patients who underwent post‐RT procedures (procedure group) and those who did not (control group).ResultsOne‐hundred and fifty patients were included, and 71.3% underwent post‐RT procedures, with no differences in characteristics between the procedure and control groups. One‐hundred and fifty procedures were identified, and 28.0% were categorized as DTI. There was no difference in patient characteristics or airway assessment measures between DTI and non‐DTI groups. Regression analysis revealed concurrent cervical mobility restriction, and trismus increased DTI incidence by 7.1‐fold (p = 0.011). Being non‐White was an independent predictor of DTI. The incidence of high‐grade intraoperative laryngoscopic view was lower in the non‐DTI compared to the DTI group (20.4% vs. 64.3%, p < 0.0001). Failure to intubate occurred in 2.0% of cases, and 6.0% cases had perioperative complications. Based on preoperative assessment, sensitivity of predicting DTI was 54.8% and specificity was 63.9%.ConclusionNPC patients frequently undergo post‐RT procedures requiring complex airway management. Rates of DTI and failed intubation are significantly higher than those in the general surgical population, and the ability to predict DTI with standard preoperative airway measures is poor.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 134:120–126, 2024
A Degradable Sustained‐Release Drug Delivery System for Bleb‐Forming Glaucoma Surgery
Authors: van Mechelen Ralph J.S. , Wolters Jarno E.J. , Fredrich Sebastian , Bertens Christian J.F. , Gijbels Marion J.J. , Schenning Albert P.H.J. , Pinchuk Leonard , Gorgels Theo G.M.F. , Beckers Henny J.M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractFibrosis of the filtering bleb is one of the main causes of failure after bleb‐forming glaucoma surgery. Intraoperative application of mitomycin C (MMC) is the current gold standard to reduce the fibrotic response. However, MMC is cytotoxic and one‐time application is often insufficient. A sustained‐release drug delivery system (DDS), loaded with MMC, may be less cytotoxic and equally or more effective. Two degradable (polycaprolactone (PCL) and polylactic‐co‐glycolic acid (PLGA)) MMC‐loaded DDSs are developed. Release kinetics are first assessed in vitro followed by rabbit implants in conjunction with the PRESERFLO MicroShunt. As a control, the MicroShunt is implanted with adjunctive use of a MMC solution. Rabbits are euthanized at postoperative day (POD) 28 and 90. The PLGA and PCL DDSs release (on average) 99% and 75% of MMC, respectively. All groups show functioning blebs until POD 90. Rabbits implanted with a DDS show more inflammation with avascular thin‐walled blebs when compared to the control. However, collagen is more loosely arranged. The PLGA DDS shows less inflammation, less foreign body response (FBR), and more complete degradation at POD 90 when compared to the PCL DDS. Further optimization with regard to dosage is required to reduce side effects to the conjunctiva.
Hedonic objects and utilitarian experiences: The overriding influence of hedonism in driving consumer happiness
Authors: Kousi Sofia , Halkias Georgios , Kokkinaki Flora 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe experience recommendation prescribes a disadvantage to material purchases, suggesting that spending on experiential rather than material purchases makes people happier. This study challenges this idea by examining the hedonic/utilitarian nature of purchases. The results of a qualitative study and four experiments (one preregistered) show that the happiness advantage of experiential (vs. material) purchases is contingent on pronounced hedonic properties. Our results indicate that hedonism asymmetries override the distinction between purchase type, such that there is no happiness advantage in buying experiences over material objects when purchases are equally (non)hedonic. Importantly, we find that hedonism is more instrumental for material purchases and that hedonic materials are equally effective as experiential purchases, altogether, and even outperform utilitarian experiences in eliciting happiness. Our findings encourage consumers to focus on the properties, rather than the type, of purchases to increase purchase‐related happiness. Our results further suggest that marketers of material goods, in particular, can considerably increase customer value by using design components, product features, and brand imagery that leverage hedonic qualities.
Underscoring flavor or healthiness? The effectiveness of different communication appeals in promoting local food and the moderating role of individual construal
Authors: Pichierri Marco , Peluso Alessandro M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractOne way for local economies to foster sustainable development is to encourage the consumption of local food products. Thus, there is value in understanding which marketing strategies would be useful in this regard, especially in service settings such as restaurants. Through four experimental studies, the present research shows that centering a communication message on healthy (vs. tasty) properties can increase consumers' intention to promote local food products (e.g., traditional dishes prepared with local ingredients) by spreading positive word‐of‐mouth about them (Studies 1A and 1B). Yet, consumers' construal level (low [concrete mindset] vs. high [abstract mindset]) moderates this effect in such a way that the message focused on tastiness (vs. health) is more effective in enhancing word‐of‐mouth intention (Studies 2 and 3) for consumers with a concrete (vs. abstract) mindset. These findings add to scholars' understanding on how message framing and consumers' cognitive styles interact to influence consumers' intentions. Food marketers are therefore encouraged to carefully consider the focus of their communications and their interplay with the way in which individuals interpret actions or events (i.e., their construal) to develop more effective strategies for promoting local food products.