bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Omental torsion: diagnostic challenge in patients with sclerosing cholangitis and inflammatory bowel disease – case report
Authors: Malik Neha , Chorosho Saziini H. , Kumari Pratima , Kaur Rupinder , Singh Ravinder , Chopra Hitesh , Bin Emran Talha 
Published: September 2023

Introduction and importance:
The omentum appears as an apron-like extension of the peritoneum.

Case presentation:
A 30-year-old male patient, presented to the emergency department with the chief complaints of acute nonradiating pain localized in the right-side abdomen for the past 3 days. The patient had a past medical history of sclerosing cholangitis (SC) with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The patient reported the pain as persistent, pressure-like, and moderate. The patient also had a low-grade fever and nausea at the time of admission. On examination, the vital signs were found as normal. The patient reported that the abdominal pain gets exacerbated after the meals, and increase in physical activity and movement. Due to the patient’s complaints and history of SC and IBD, these were considered as the possible diagnosis. After the diagnostic procedures, the patient was finally diagnosed with OT.

Clinical discussion:
This report presents a case of a patient suffering from omental torsion having history of SC and IBD. During the laparoscopic procedure, the diagnosis of omental torsion was confirmed. To our knowledge, no case report of omental torsion with IBD and SC is published in the literature.

Conclusion:
This seems to be a major diagnostic challenge as patients with IBD almost resembles the same clinical signs and symptoms as in the omental torsion. The possibility of misdiagnosis and delayed diagnosis could result in the unfavorable outcome. Therefore, the healthcare fraternities are advised to include the rare diseases such as OT as the differential diagnosis.
Impact of independent multidisciplinary work on the survival rate of stage 3 and 4 nasopharyngeal cancer in Indonesia: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Rizky Daniel , Yunarvika Vina , Putra Yasjudan R. , Pangarsa Eko A. , Kartiyani Ika , Panunggal Damianus G. , Hutajulu Susanna H. , Setiawan Budi , Hariadi Kartika W.T. , Santosa Damai , Herdini Camelia , Yoshuantari Naomi , Dhamiyati Wigati , Purwanto Ibnu 
Published: September 2023

Background:
The utilization of a multidisciplinary team (MDT) strategy is a beneficial approach in integrating the knowledge and proficiencies of various fields to produce thorough and advantageous cancer treatment plans for patients. Nevertheless, MDT has yet to be widely adopted in Indonesia. In this study, the authors examined an early form of MDT in Indonesia that does not involve dedicated meetings, referred as independent multidisciplinary work (IMW). The objective is to investigate the differences in survival rates of nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) patients who underwent treatment with and without IMW.

Materials and methods:
This study has a retrospective cohort design. Data were collected from the medical records of newly diagnosed stage 3 and 4 NPC patients between 2016 and 2018. The subjects were divided into two groups: the IMW group and the non-IMW group. The primary end point of the study is overall survival rate between the two groups. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis, log-rank test, and cox proportional hazard analysis were used for statistical analysis.

Results:
This study included a total of 124 patients with NPC, 81 patients in the IMW group and 43 patients in the non-IMW group. At the end of the 36-month follow-up period, the median survival of the IMW group was not reached, while in the non-IMW, it was 12 months [95% confidence intervals (95% CI), 8.78–15.22], hazard ratio (HR): 0.47 (95% CI, 0.28–0.78; P<0.01). The 1-year survival rate was 66.7% in the IMW group versus 46.5% in the non-IMW group (HR=0.7, 95% CI 0.49–0.99; P=0.03); the 2-year survival rate was 40.7% in the IMW group versus 16.3% in the non-IMW group (HR=0.4, 95% CI 0.19–0.83; P<0.01). Daniel Rizky, Vina Yunarvika, and Yasjudan Rastrama Putra, these authors contributed equally to this work. In the multivariate analysis, the IMW approach, ECOG (The Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group) status, distant metastasis, and treatment approach were significantly associated with survival outcome.

Conclusion:
The use of IMW approach in the treatment of NPC was associated with a better survival outcome compared to non-IMW treatment.
A rare case of malignant granular cell tumor of the cheek in a 16-year-old child: a case report
Authors: Saleh Mohanad , Sarahneh Husein Ahmad , Hroub Sara Ibrahim , Diab Laila khader , Elatawneh Taha mohammad , Wredat Saida Basem , Abubaker Amal Nasr 
Published: September 2023

Introduction and importance:
Granular cell tumors (GCTs) are uncommon soft tissue tumors, predominantly benign lesions. Approximately 50% occur in the tongue, with a peak incidence in the fifth and sixth decades of life. However, in this case, a rare presentation of GCTs on the cheek of a 16-year-old young female, including a review of the literature.

Methods:
The medical records and histopathological slides of the case were retrospectively reviewed. This work has been reported based on Surgical CAse REport (SCARE) criteria.

Case presentation:
A 16-year-old female presented with a non-painful exophytic and pigmented cheek lesion that is rapidly growing. A primary concern was expressed as cosmetic in nature, a biopsy of the mass was taken, and histopathological findings showed a malignant tumor, mostly consistent with GCTs. She was recommended to have a total excision of the mass. During follow-up, facial MRI findings indicate granulation tissue versus recurrent/residual tumor at the site of surgery, without any evidence of cancer metastasis or spread.

Clinical discussion:
GCT is a tumor of Schwann cells, which is mostly benign with a 2% risk of malignant transformation. The peak incidence of this tumor is around the age of 50, and it is uncommon in young individuals. Clinically, GCT presents as a single, asymptomatic dermal or subcutaneous, brown-red nodule or papule, which grows slowly with diameter ranging from 0.5 to 3 cm. The definitive treatment for both benign and malignant GCTs is sufficient local excision with safe margins.

Conclusion:
GCT is an extremely rare tumor, with a peak incidence of fifth and sixth decay of age, which usually appear in the tongue (50% of cases); however, in this case, we present a 16-year-old female with a cheek mass diagnosed as GCT. In short, we think that GCT should be considered as one of the differential diagnoses of solitary facial masses at young ages.
Bilateral thalamic infarct involving artery of Percheron: a case report
Authors: Bhattarai Himal Bikram , Dahal Subid Raj , Uprety Manish , Bhattarai Madhur , Bhattarai Aseem , Oli Rabindra , Devkota Sijuka , Sah Sanjit Kumar , Parajuli Suraj , limbu Chandra Prakash 
Published: September 2023

Introduction and importance:
The thalamus and the midbrain have marked variations and overlapping in their blood supply; one of those variations is the artery of Percheron. Artery of Percheron occlusion is a rare cause of infarction in the bilateral thalamus and midbrain.

Case presentation:
In this case, a 60-year-old female with chronic hypertension presented with unconsciousness, motor impairments, and oculomotor disorders.

Clinical discussion:
Due to highly variable clinical manifestations and possible negative findings during initial imaging, these conditions are often overlooked, causing delays in therapeutic intervention and leading to bad patient prognosis. Various imaging techniques can be used for diagnosis and treatment should be started early. The treatment aims to promote recanalization as soon as possible and prevent future episodes. The involvement of the midbrain is unfavourable.

Conclusion:
Early clinical assessment and neuroimaging are vital for timely diagnosis and early administration of therapeutic measures for better patient prognosis.
Bilateral laparosocopic lateral lymph node dissection by the totally extraperitoneal approach after intersphincteric resection of the lower rectum: report of a case
Authors: Nitta Toshikatsu , Kataoka Jun , Ishii Masatsugu , Ueda Yasuhiko , Ohta Masato , Horiguchi Kohei , Taki Masaki , Senpuku Sadakatsu , Matsutani Ayumi , Ishibashi Takashi 
Published: September 2023

Introduction and Importance:
Lateral lymph node dissection (LLND) for recurrent lateral pelvic lymph node metastasis could be the only surgical treatment to improve its prognosis, but is difficult and challenging technically.

Case Presentation:
A 75-year-old Japanese man who underwent a radical laparoscopic intersphincteric resection to treat double lower rectal cancer. Computed tomography and MRI showed lower rectal wall thickening and bilateral lateral lymph node swelling. The authors scheduled and performed the LLND for recurrent lateral pelvic lymph nodes after ISR by the totally extraperitoneal (TEP) approach. The bottom of the obturators lymph node (#263D) were positive for metastasis histologically.

Clinical Discussion:
The TEP approach is an especially effective option for the treatment of bilateral LLND.

Conclusion:
Herein, the authors introduce our surgical technique: successful challenging treatment of the LLND by the TEP approach after intersphincteric resection of the lower rectum.
Platelet-rich plasma versus corticosteroid: a randomized controlled trial on tennis elbow patients resistant to nonsurgical treatments
Authors: Sayadi Shahram , Shahbazi Parmida , Najafi Arvin , Ochi Fatemeh , Jafarabady Kyana , Rezaei Mohammad M. , Azarsina Salman 
Published: September 2023

Background:
Although some studies on tennis elbow indicate corticosteroid (CS) effectiveness in the short term, according to the role of race, this study evaluates the efficacy of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) compared with CS for a more cost-effective treatment.

Methods:
This randomized controlled trial included 30 positive-resisted wrist extension patients with a minimum five visual analog scale (VAS) pain score. Participants were randomly assigned to treatment or control groups via computer-generated randomization and were matched for baseline and clinical characteristics. Cases received either 40 mg of prednisolone acetate or 2 ml of PRP, followed for 1 month. VAS and Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) scores were the primary outcomes.

Results:
The median VAS and the mean DASH scores had a statistically significant difference in the PRP and CS groups before and after injection (P<0.001).
The mean DASH difference between preinjection and follow-up time in the PRP and CS groups was 59.72±14.17 and 43.16±10.87, respectively, with a mean difference of 16.55 (95% CI 7.10–26.00) and a significant difference (P=0.001).
The mean VAS pain score difference in preinjection and follow-up time had a statistically significant difference between the PRP and CS groups (P=0.026), and the mean VAS pain score difference in the CS group was 6.46±1.50 and 7.73±0.96 in the PRP group.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, larger studies with parallel groups and more diverse CS doses and types with baseline matching are needed to confirm the short-term benefits of PRP. Investigating the effects of different CS doses using ultrasound techniques is recommended.
Early Outcomes of Different Reconstruction Procedures in Radical Distal Gastrectomy: A Retrospective Propensity Score Matching Study
Authors: Yu Zhiyuan , Zhao Xudong , Gao Yunhe , Gao Jingwang , Li Peiyu , Liu Na 
Published: September 2023

Objective:
To evaluate the short-term effects of Billroth I (B-I), Billroth Ⅱ (B-Ⅱ), Billroth Ⅱ+Braun (B-B), and Roux-en-Y (R-Y) reconstruction procedures in radical distal gastrectomy using propensity score matching (PSM).

Materials and Methods:
The clinical data of 1994 patients who underwent radical distal gastrectomy in the past 10 years were retrospectively analyzed. Subsequently, PSM analyses were performed 3 times on the 4 reconstruction procedures, and the matching capacity was set to 0.01. Data regarding control variables and outcome indicators obtained using PSM were compared and analyzed.

Results:
Compared with the other reconstruction procedures, patients in the B-I group had shorter operation time (P=0.002), fewer abdominal drainage tubes (P<0.001), and a lower risk of postoperative gastroparesis (P=0.001) and gastrointestinal bleeding (P=0.034), but tended to experience a longer postoperative indwelling time of bladder catheter (P<0.001), gastrointestinal decompression (P<0.001), fasting (P=0.001), and hospital stays (P=0.005). The B-B group tended to have fewer applications of the abdominal drainage tube (P=0.014), a lower risk of postoperative gastrointestinal fistula (P=0.040), shorter postoperative time of gastrointestinal decompression (P=0.043), fasting (P<0.001), and a shorter hospital stay (P<0.001) than the R-Y group. Furthermore, the B-B group had a shorter postoperative time for gastrointestinal decompression (P=0.014) and fasting (P<0.001) than the B-Ⅱ group.

Conclusion:
Billroth I reconstruction has the advantages of simple operation, short operative time, and few early complications, but tends to result in a long recovery time during postoperative hospitalization. The B-B operation is associated with faster postoperative recovery than the R-Y or B-Ⅱ operation.
A General Approach to Adjusting Genetic Studies for Assortative Mating
Authors: Bilghese Marta , Manansala Regina , Jaishankar Dhruva , Jala Jonathan , Benjamin Daniel J. , Kimball Miles , Auer Paul L. , Livermore Michael A. , Turley Patrick 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe effects of assortative mating (AM) on estimates from genetic studies has been receiving increasing attention in recent years. We extend existing AM theory to more general models of sorting and conclude that correct theory-based AM adjustments require knowledge of complicated, unknown historical sorting patterns. We propose a simple, general-purpose approach using polygenic indexes (PGIs). Our approach can estimate the fraction of genetic variance and genetic correlation that is driven by AM. Our approach is less effective when applied to Mendelian randomization (MR) studies for two reasons: AM can induce a form of selection bias in MR studies that remains after our adjustment; and, in the MR context, the adjustment is particularly sensitive to PGI estimation error. Using data from the UK Biobank, we find that AM inflates genetic correlation estimates between health traits and education by 14% on average. Our results suggest caution in interpreting genetic correlations or MR estimates for traits subject to AM.
Reduced social function in experimentally evolvedDictyostelium discoideumimplies selection for social conflict in nature
Authors: Larsen Tyler J. , Jahan Israt , Brock Debra A. , Strassmann Joan E. , Queller David C. 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACTMany microbes interact with one another, but the difficulty of directly observing these interactions in nature makes interpreting their adaptive value complicated. The social amoebaDictyostelium discoideumforms aggregates wherein some cells are sacrificed for the benefit of others. Within chimeric aggregates containing multiple unrelated lineages, cheaters can gain an advantage by undercontributing, but the extent to which wildD. discoideumhas adapted to cheat is not fully clear. In this study, we experimentally evolvedD. discoideumin an environment where there were no selective pressures to cheat or resist cheating in chimeras.D. discoideumlines grown in this environment evolved reduced competitiveness within chimeric aggregates and reduced ability to migrate during the slug stage. By contrast, we did not observe a reduction in cell number, a trait for which selection was not relaxed. The observed loss of traits that our laboratory conditions had made irrelevant suggests that these traits were adaptations driven and maintained by selective pressuresD. discoideumfaces in its natural environment. Our results suggest thatD. discoideumfaces social conflict in nature, and illustrate a general approach that could be applied to searching for social or non-social adaptations in other microbes.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTMicrobes interact in diverse and important ways, but the difficulty of directly observing microbes in nature can make it challenging to understand the adaptive significance of these interactions. In this study, we present an experimental evolution approach to infer the selective pressures behind an apparently social trait in the microbeDictyostelium discoideum.We take advantage of the observation that organisms ‘use it or lose it’ – when selective pressures are relaxed, adaptations that evolved in response to those pressures tend to be lost. Our work helps resolve debate over the importance of cheating inD. discoideum,and demonstrates a general approach that could be applied to the study of other microbial traits that are difficult to observe in nature.
Memorability shapes perceived time (and vice versa)
Authors: Ma Alex , Cameron Ayana , Wiener Martin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractVisual stimuli are known to vary in their perceived duration. Likewise, some visual stimuli are also known to linger for longer in memory. Yet, whether or not these two features of visual processing are linked is unknown. Despite early assumptions that time is an extracted, or higher-order feature of perception, more recent work over the past two decades has demonstrated that timing may be instantiated within sensory modality circuits. A primary location for many of these studies is the visual system, where duration sensitive responses have been demonstrated. Further, visual stimulus features have been observed to shift perceived duration. These findings suggest that visual circuits mediate or construct perceived time. Here, we present across a series of experiments evidence that perceived time is affected by the image properties of scene size, clutter, and memorability. More specifically, we observe that scene size and memorability dilate time, whereas clutter contracts it. Further, the durations of more memorable images are also perceived more precisely. Conversely, the longer the perceived duration of an image, the more memorable it is. To explain these findings, we applied a recurrent convolutional neural network (rCNN) model of the ventral visual system, in which images are progressively processed over time. We find that more memorable images are processed faster, and that this increase in processing speed predicts both the lengthening and increased precision of perceived durations. These findings thus provide a new avenue in vision research towards the study of perceived image durations as means of explaining visual system responses.
Structural and Energetic Details for the Formation of cGAS-DNA Oligomers
Authors: Wang Xiaowen , Li Wenjin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractUpon binding to cytosolic DNA, the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) is activated to catalyze the synthesis of cGAMP, which then activates downstream effectors and induces innate immune responses. The activation of cGAS relies on the formation of cGAS-DNA oligomers and liquid phase condensation, which are sensitive to the length and concentration of DNA. For a thorough understanding of such a length-and concentration-dependent activation, the details of the cGAS-DNA oligomerization are required. Here, with molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, we report the structure of the cGAS-DNA monomer (the cGAS1-DNA1complex), in which the DNA binds simultaneously to the major parts of two DNA-binding sites as observed in the cGAS-DNA dimer (the cGAS2-DNA2complex) and the active site is largely immature. Energetic analysis reveals that two cGAS1-DNA1complexes are just slightly less stable than the cGAS2-DNA2complex and the energy barrier for the formation of cGAS2-DNA2complex from two cGAS1-DNA1complexes is high, suggesting that cGAS-DNA oligomerization is unfavored thermodynamically and kinetically in low concentration of cGAS and DNA. However, the formation of cGAS4-DNA2complex from one molecule of cGAS2-DNA2complex between cGAS and long DNA and two molecules of cGAS are energetically favored without energy barrier.
A cryo-ET study of ciliary rootlet organization
Authors: van Hoorn Chris , Carter Andrew P. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCiliary rootlets are striated bundles of filaments that connect the base of cilia to internal cellular structures. Rootlets are critical for the sensory and motile functions of cilia. However, the mechanisms underlying these functions remain unknown, in part due to a lack of structural information of rootlet organization. In this study, we obtain 3D reconstructions of membrane-associated and purified rootlets using cryo-electron tomography (cryo-ET). We show that flexible protrusions on the rootlet surface, which emanate from the cross-striations, connect to intracellular membranes. In purified rootlets, the striations were classified into amorphous (A)-bands, associated with accumulations on the rootlet surface, and discrete (D)-bands corresponding to punctate lines of density that run through the rootlet. These striations connect a flexible network of longitudinal filaments. Subtomogram averaging suggests the filaments consist of two intertwined coiled coils. The rootlet’s filamentous architecture, with frequent membrane-connecting cross-striations, lends itself well for anchoring large membranes in the cell.
Multiscale effects of perturbed translation dynamics inform antimalarial design
Authors: Anton Leonie , Cheng Wenjing , Haile Meseret T. , Cobb David W. , Zhu Xiyan , Han Leyan , Li Emerson , Nair Anjali , Lee Carolyn L. , Ke Hangjun , Zhang Guoan , Doud Emma H. , Ho Chi-Min 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMalaria parasites rely heavily on rapid, high fidelity protein synthesis to infect and replicate in human erythrocytes, making translation an attractive target for new antimalarials. Here, we have determinedin situstructures ofPf80S ribosomes in thirteen conformational and compositional states from cryoFIB-milledPlasmodium falciparum-infected human erythrocytes across the stages of asexual intraerythrocytic parasite replication. We observe eight active translation intermediates, enabling us to define the native malarial translation elongation cycle, which surprisingly features a bifurcation at the decoding stage of the cycle that has not previously been described. Examination of perturbations in the distribution of ribosomes among these states in the presence of a malaria-specific translation inhibitor suggests that the inhibitor impedesPfeEF2 andPfeEF1α interactions with the ribosome. We integrated ourin situcryoET data with proteomic and ultrastructural data to arrive at a deeper understanding of malarial translation, which will inform development of new therapies.