bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of a protocol for eliciting narrative accounts of pediatric inpatient experiences of care
Authors: Martino Steven C. , Reynolds Kerry A. , Grob Rachel , Palimaru Alina I. , Zelazny Sarah , Slaughter Mary E. , Rybowski Lise , Parker Andrew M. , Toomey Sara L. , Schuster Mark A. , Schlesinger Mark 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the measurement properties of a set of six items designed to elicit narrative accounts of pediatric inpatient experience.Data SourcesData came from 163 participants recruited from a probability‐based online panel of U.S. adults. Participants were family members of a child who had an overnight hospital stay in the past 12 months.Study DesignCross‐sectional survey with follow‐up phone interviews.Data Collection/Extraction MethodsParticipants completed an online (n = 129) or phone (n = 34) survey about their child's hospitalization experience. The survey contained closed‐ended items from the Child Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (Child HCAHPS) survey, followed by the six narrative items. Approximately 2 weeks after completing the survey, 47 participants additionally completed a one‐hour, semi‐structured phone interview, the results of which served as a “gold standard” for evaluating the fidelity of narrative responses. Qualitative content analysis was used to code narrative and interview responses for domains of patient experience and actionability.Principal FindingsThe average narrative was 248 words (SD = 319). Seventy‐nine percent of narratives mentioned a topic included in the Child HCAHPS survey; 89% mentioned a topic not covered by that survey; and 75% included at least one detailed description of an actionable event. Overall, there was 66% correspondence between narrative and interview responses. Correspondence was higher on the phone than in the online condition (75% vs. 59%).ConclusionsNarratives elicited from rigorously designed multi‐item sets can provide detailed, substantive information about pediatric inpatient experiences that hospitals could use to improve child and family experiences during pediatric hospitalization. They add context to closed‐ended survey item responses and provide information about experiences of care important to children and families that are not included in quantitative surveys.
Developing a new scoring method to evaluate human decomposition in a humid, continental (Dfb) climate in Quebec
Authors: Ribéreau‐Gayon Agathe , Carter David O. , Forbes Shari 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe published literature shows a lack of methods to evaluate the patterns and extent of decomposition of human remains and to estimate the post‐mortem interval (PMI) in humid, continental (Dfb) climates such as Quebec. The aim of this study was to address this gap in the current knowledge base by providing the first observations from human corpses studied under controlled conditions in Quebec. A 12‐month study was conducted at the site for Research in Experimental and Social Thanatology; the first human taphonomy facility in Canada. Six human donors with known time of death were deposited across spring (n = 1), summer (n = 3), and autumn (n = 2) 2021. The lack of suitability of the total body score method to evaluate the extent of decomposition at the facility prompted the development of a new scoring system based on the macromorphoscopic changes observed. The scoring system was applied to the donors to evaluate decomposition throughout seasons. All donors followed comparable decomposition trajectories, regardless of the season of deposition. Eighty‐five percent of taphonomic patterns appeared in the first 25 experimental days or 5000 Kelvin accumulated degree days (350 ADD). Extensive desiccation of tissues was observed at a median of 21 experimental days across donors, resulting in a plateau within decomposition with no extensive skeletonization. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first published report of experimentally observed desiccation in such a form in a Dfb climate. This study provides new data on the types of decomposition patterns to expect in forensic investigations in southern Quebec and comparable climates.
Bacterial volatiles elicit differential olfactory responses in insect species from the same and different trophic levels
Authors: van Neerbos Francine Antoinette Cornelus , Dewitte Peter , Wäckers Felix , Wenseleers Tom , Jacquemyn Hans , Lievens Bart 
Published: January 2023

AbstractInsect communities consist of species from several trophic levels that have to forage for suitable resources among and within larger patches of nonresources. To locate their resources, insects use diverse stimuli, including olfactory, visual, acoustic, tactile and gustatory cues. While most research has focused on cues derived from plants and other insects, there is mounting evidence that insects also respond to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by microorganisms. However, to date little is known about how the olfactory response of insects within and across different trophic levels is affected by bacterial VOCs. In this study, we used Y‐tube bioassays and chemical analysis of VOCs to assess how VOCs emitted by bacteria affect the olfactory response of insects of the same and different trophic levels. Experiments were performed using two aphid species (Amphorophora idaei Börner and Myzus persicae var. nicotianae Blackman), three primary parasitoid species (Aphidius colemani Viereck, A. ervi Haliday, and A. matricariae Viereck), and two hyperparasitoid species (Asaphes suspensus Nees and Dendrocerus aphidum Rondani). Olfactory responses were evaluated for three bacterial strains (Bacillus pumilus ST18.16/133, Curtobacterium sp. ST18.16/085, and Staphylococcus saprophyticus ST18.16/160) that were isolated from the habitat of the insects. Results revealed that insects from all trophic levels responded to bacterial volatiles, but olfactory responses varied between and within trophic levels. All bacteria produced the same set of volatile compounds, but often in different relative concentrations. For 11 of these volatiles we found contrasting correlations between their concentration and the behavior of the primary parasitoids and hyperparasitoids. Furthermore, olfactometer experiments on three of these compounds confirmed the contrasting olfactory responses of primary parasitoids and hyperparasitoids. The potential of these findings for the development of novel semiochemical‐based strategies to improve biological aphid control has been discussed.
Childhood trauma and depressive symptoms in bipolar disorder: A network analysis
Authors: Wrobel Anna L. , Cotton Sue M. , Jayasinghe Anuradhi , Diaz‐Byrd Claudia , Yocum Anastasia K. , Turner Alyna , Dean Olivia M. , Russell Samantha E. , Duval Elizabeth R. , Ehrlich Tobin J. , Marshall David F. , Berk Michael , McInnis Melvin G. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundChildhood trauma is related to an increased number of depressive episodes and more severe depressive symptoms in bipolar disorder. The evaluation of the networks of depressive symptoms—or the patterns of relationships between individual symptoms—among people with bipolar disorder with and without a history of childhood trauma may assist in further clarifying this complex relationship.MethodsData from over 500 participants from the Heinz C. Prechter Longitudinal Study of Bipolar Disorder were used to construct a series of regularised Gaussian Graphical Models. The networks of individual depressive symptoms—self‐reported (Patient Health Questionnaire—9; n = 543) and clinician‐rated (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale—17; n = 529)—among participants with bipolar disorder with and without a history of childhood trauma (Childhood Trauma Questionnaire) were characterised and compared.ResultsAcross the sets of networks, depressed mood consistently emerged as a central symptom (as indicated by strength centrality and expected influence); regardless of participants' history of childhood trauma. Additionally, feelings of worthlessness emerged as a key symptom in the network of self‐reported depressive symptoms among participants with—but not without—a history of childhood trauma.ConclusionThe present analyses—although exploratory—provide nuanced insights into the impact of childhood trauma on the presentation of depressive symptoms in bipolar disorder, which have the potential to aid detection and inform targeted intervention development.
Terrorism, Trust, and Identity: Evidence from a Natural Experiment in Nigeria
Authors: Harding Robin , Nwokolo Arinze 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe study the effects of terrorism on political trust and national versus ethnic identification. Making use of unexpected attacks by the extremist group Boko Haram in Nigeria, which occurred during the fieldwork of a public opinion survey in 2014, we show that even in a context of weak state institutions and frequent terrorist activities, terror attacks significantly increase political trust. We also find that the attacks significantly reduced the salience of respondents' national identity, instead increasing ethnic identification. These findings run counter to arguments that “rally around the flag” effects following terror attacks result from increased patriotism. The results have important implications for understanding the effects of terrorism in contexts of weak state institutions, frequent political violence, and politically salient ethnic divisions.
Long‐term risk of cancer among the first‐degree relatives of epithelial ovarian cancer patients: A cohort study with 48 years of follow up
Authors: Kotaniemi‐Talonen Laura , Pukkala Eero , Aittomäki Kristiina , Auranen Annika 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe long‐term risk of cancer among first‐degree relatives of ovarian cancer patients, especially their offspring, is of apparent clinical importance. Risks caused by known inherited factors such as BRCA1 or BRCA2 pathogenic variants are well established, but these account for only about 15% of ovarian cancer cases. Less is known about the possible familial risks of sporadic ovarian cancers.Material and methodsUsing registry data, we conducted a retrospective cohort study with a total of 6501 first‐degree relatives of 559 epithelial ovarian cancer patients. We studied the occurrence of overall cancer and cancer in specific sites known or suspected to be associated with ovarian cancer (breast, cervix, colon, endometrium, lung and trachea, skin melanoma, ovary, pancreas, prostate, rectum, and stomach).ResultsThe overall number of cancers was not increased among the first‐degree relatives of epithelial ovarian cancer patients during the up to 48 years of follow up. Among female relatives, the standardized incidence ratio for ovarian cancer was 1.92 (95% CI 1.27–2.79), mostly explained by a 2.30‐fold (95% CI 1.46–3.45) risk among the patients' sisters. There was a decreasing trend in the standardized incidence ratio for ovarian cancer among patients' sisters by increasing age of the index patient.ConclusionsIn our study cohort, we did not observe an increase in the overall cancer risk among the first‐degree relatives of epithelial ovarian cancer patients in comparison with the general population. The risk for ovarian cancer, however, was increased. Current recommendations suggest prophylactic removal of the fallopian tubes and ovaries only with identified inherited risk factors. Our results emphasize the role of genetic counseling and testing, particularly in young ovarian cancer patients and their close female relatives.
Breastfeeding rates fell in an Italian baby friendly hospital during the 2020 COVID‐19 pandemic year and difficulties increased
Authors: Cinquetti Mauro , Marchiotto Carolina , Fingerle Michele , Salani Marco , Adami Anna , Dainese Daniela , Magaraggia Silvia , Rigotti Erika , Piacentini Giorgio 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimOur aim was to evaluate the impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on breastfeeding at discharge in a Baby Friendly hospital in 2020.MethodsThis study retrospectively compared healthy neonates born in 2019 with those born in 2020 at the Baby Friendly San Bonifacio Hospital in Verona, Italy. We also compared those born to mothers who tested negative and positive for the virus that causes COVID‐19. Breastfeeding support practices, nationality and type of birth were evaluated. The outcomes were type of breastfeeding at discharge and the presence of breastfeeding difficulties.ResultsWe analysed 2171 healthy neonates, which was 83.5% of those born in the hospital in 2019 and 2020, and 20 were born to mothers with the virus. Exclusive breastfeeding rates were 4.6% lower in 2020 than 2019 and breastfeeding difficulties rose by 10.1%. Mixed feeding, at the mother's request, and formula feeding due to medical indications, increased by 5.9% and 18.1% respectively. Most of the Baby Friendly hospital practices were implemented, but prenatal and intrapartum support decreased.ConclusionExclusive breastfeeding fell during the COVID‐19 pandemic in 2020 and breastfeeding difficulties rose. These may have been due to the effect of maternal and healthcare factors during the pandemic.
Metabolic effects of L‐citrulline in type 2 diabetes
Authors: Bagheripour Fatemeh , Jeddi Sajad , Kashfi Khosrow , Ghasemi Asghar 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is increasing worldwide. Decreased nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability is involved in the pathophysiology of T2D and its complications. L‐citrulline (Cit), a precursor of NO production, has been suggested as a novel therapeutic agent for T2D. Available data from human and animal studies indicate that Cit supplementation in T2D increases circulating levels of Cit and L‐arginine while decreasing circulating glucose and free fatty acids and improving dyslipidemia. The underlying mechanisms for these beneficial effects of Cit include increased insulin secretion from the pancreatic β cells, increased glucose uptake by the skeletal muscle, as well as increased lipolysis and β‐oxidation, and decreased glyceroneogenesis in the adipose tissue. Thus, Cit has antihyperglycemic, antidyslipidemic, and antioxidant effects and has the potential to be used as a new therapeutic agent in the management of T2D. This review summarizes available literature from human and animal studies to explore the effects of Cit on metabolic parameters in T2D. It also discusses the possible mechanisms underlying Cit‐induced improved metabolic parameters in T2D.
Osteoinductive calcium phosphate with submicron topography as bone graft substitute for maxillary sinus floor augmentation: A translational study
Authors: van Dijk Lukas A. , Janssen Nard G. , Nurmohamed Silke J. , Muradin Marvick S. M. , Longoni Alessia , Bakker Robbert C. , de Groot Florence G. , de Bruijn Joost D. , Gawlitta Debby , Rosenberg Antoine J. W. P. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this study was the preclinical and clinical evaluation of osteoinductive calcium phosphate with submicron surface topography as a bone graft substitute for maxillary sinus floor augmentation (MSFA).Material and MethodsA preclinical sheep model of MSFA was used to compare a calcium phosphate with submicron needle‐shaped topography (BCPN, MagnetOs Granules, Kuros Biosciences BV) to a calcium phosphate with submicron grain‐shaped topography (BCPG) and autologous bone graft (ABG) as controls. Secondly, a 10‐patient, prospective, randomized, controlled trial was performed to compare BCPN to ABG in MSFA with two‐stage implant placement.ResultsThe pre‐clinical study demonstrated that both BCPN and BCPG were highly biocompatible, supported bony ingrowth with direct bone apposition against the material, and exhibited bone formation as early as 3 weeks post‐implantation. However, BCPN demonstrated significantly more bone formation than BCPG at the study endpoint of 12 weeks. Only BCPN reached an equivalent amount of bone formation in the available space and a greater proportion of calcified material (bone + graft material) in the maxillary sinus compared to the “gold standard” ABG after 12 weeks. These results were validated in a small prospective clinical study, in which BCPN was found comparable to ABG in implant stability, bone height, new bone formation in trephine core biopsies, and overall clinical outcome.ConclusionThis translational work demonstrates that osteoinductive calcium phosphates are promising bone graft substitutes for MSFA, whereas their bone‐forming potential depends on the design of their surface features.Netherlands Trial Register, NL6436.
Characteristics, treatment outcomes and direct costs of tooth avulsion in children treated at a major hospital
Authors: DiPaolo Madeleine , Townsend Janice , Peng Jin , McTigue Dennis J. , Azadani Ehsan N. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackground/AimsAvulsion of a permanent tooth is one of the most severe traumatic dental injuries, comprising an estimated 0.5%–16% of all dental injuries. The aim of this study was to estimate the direct financial costs of tooth avulsion in children based on stage of root maturity and the occurrence of ankylosis and to report patients' characteristics and outcomes of treatment.Materials and MethodsA retrospective review of the dental records of children ages 6–18 who sustained a permanent tooth avulsion from 2010 to 2020 was completed. Relative Value Units (RVUs) were used to calculate the estimated cost of dental trauma care over the 2‐year post‐injury period for five different scenarios of avulsed teeth based on the stage of root maturity, the occurrence of ankylosis and whether the tooth was replanted.ResultsThere were 452 avulsed permanent teeth in 348 patients. Of those, 157 teeth were included in the cost analysis. Overall, the average direct dental cost of avulsion was 46.4 RVUs equal to $1619 USD based on the 2021 conversion rate ($34.89 per RVU). Direct costs ranged between 40 RVUs ($1396) and 52.8 RVUs ($1842) depending on the root maturation and ankylosis status or whether the tooth was replanted; however, ANOVA test did not show any statistically significant differences between the mean RVUs of different groups (p = .85). Patients returned 9.5 times on average over the 2‐year study period for dental trauma care after avulsion.ConclusionThe average direct cost of tooth avulsion within the limits of this study was $1619 USD. On average, patients returned for 9.5 follow‐up visits after the avulsion. The stage of root maturity, the occurrence of ankylosis and whether the tooth was replanted or not were not significantly associated with the direct cost of dental care.
A viewpoint on the genetic determinants of generalised pustular psoriasis
Authors: Capon Francesca 
Published: January 2023

AbstractGeneralised pustular psoriasis (GPP) is a rare and severe neutrophilic skin disorder, manifesting with acute episodes of pustulation and systemic upset. The discovery of recessive IL36RN mutations associated with GPP has transformed our understanding of disease drivers, paving the way for the development of targeted anti‐IL36 therapeutics. In the light of these remarkable successes, this viewpoint reviews the significance of IL36RN mutations in GPP, their functional impact and their correlation with clinical phenotypes. It then covers the discovery of further genetic determinants (recessive MPO mutations) and risk factors (AP1S3 and CARD14 low‐frequency variants) for the disease. It discusses the growing evidence for genetic complexity in GPP and concludes by outlining collaborative strategies that may be adopted to overcome the challenges ahead.
Programmed cell death‐1 blockade therapy in melanoma: Resistance mechanisms and combination strategies
Authors: Zou Yixin , Yaguchi Tomonori 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMelanoma is a highly aggressive tumor derived from melanocytes. In recent years, the incidence and mortality of melanoma have gradually increased, seriously threatening human health. Classic treatments like surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy show very limited efficacy. Due to the high immunogenicity of melanoma cells, immune checkpoint inhibitors have received considerable attention as melanoma treatments. One such therapy is blockade of programmed cell death‐1 (PD‐1), which is one of the most important negative immune regulators and is mainly expressed on activated T cells. Disruption of the interactions between PD‐1 and its ligands, programmed death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1) or programmed death‐ligand 2 (PD‐L2) rejuvenates exhausted T cells and enhances antitumor immunity. Although PD‐1 blockade therapy is widely used in melanoma, a substantial proportion of patients still show no response or short durations of remission. Recent researches have focused on revealing the underlying mechanisms for resistance to this treatment and improving its efficacy through combination therapy. Here, we will introduce the resistance mechanisms associated with PD‐1 blockade therapy in melanoma and review the combination therapies available.
Latitudinally distinct stocks of Atlantic cod face fundamentally different biophysical challenges under on‐going climate change
Authors: Kjesbu Olav Sigurd , Alix Maud , Sandø Anne Britt , Strand Espen , Wright Peter J. , Johns David G. , Thorsen Anders , Marshall C. Tara , Bakkeplass Kjell Gunnar , Vikebø Frode B. , Skuggedal Myksvoll Mari , Ottersen Geir , Allan Bridie J. M. , Fossheim Maria , Stiansen Jan Erik , Huse Geir , Sundby Svein 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe reproductive success of marine ectotherms is especially vulnerable in warming oceans due to alterations in adult physiology, as well as embryonic and larval survival prospects. These vital responses may, however, differ considerably across the species' geographical distribution. Here we investigated the life history, focusing on reproductive ecology, of three spatially distant populations (stocks) of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua, Gadidae) (50–80° N), in the Irish/Celtic Seas‐English Channel Complex, North and Barents Seas, under past and projected climate. First, experimental tracking of spawning behaviour evidenced that the ovulation cycle is highly distressed at ≥9.6 (±0.25)°C (Tup). This knife‐edge threshold resulted in erratic spawning frequencies, whereas vitellogenin sequestration remained unaffected, indicating endocrine rather than aerobic scope constraints. Cod in the Celtic Sea‐English Channel are, therefore, expected to show critical stock depensation over the next decades as spawning grounds warm above Tup, with Irish Sea cod subsequently at risk. Second, in the relatively cooler North Sea, the northward retraction of Calanus finmarchicus (Calanidae) and Para‐Pseudocalanus spp. (Clausocalanidae) (1958–2017) limit cod larvae feeding opportunities, particularly in the southernmost subarea. However, the contrasting increase in Calanus helgolandicus (Calanidae) does not counteract this negative effect, likely because cod larvae hatch ahead of its abundance peaks. Overfishing again comes as a twin effect. Third, in the still relatively cold Barents Sea, the sustainably harvested cod benefit from improved food conditions in the recent ice‐free polar region but at the energetic cost of lengthier and faster spawning migrations. Consequently, under climate change local stocks are stressed by different mechanistic factors of varying management severity.