bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dual-Targeted Nano-Encapsulation of Neonatal Porcine Islet-Like Cell Clusters with Triiodothyronine-Loaded Bifunctional Polymersomes
Authors: Lee Sang Hoon , Kim Minse , Lee Eun Jin , Ahn Sun Mi , Ahn Yu-Rim , Choi Jaewon , Kang Jung-Taek , Kim Hyun-Ouk 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
There is growing evidence that neonatal porcine islet-like cell clusters (NPCCs) isolated from piglets can be used to treat type 1 diabetes in humans. However, graft rejection is a common complication in humans owing to the prevalence of xenoantigens in porcine. Therefore, researchers have investigated various islet encapsulation techniques that could protect against these antigens. To this end, this study presents a robust nano-encapsulation method based on bifunctional polymersomes (PSomes), in which N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) and maleimide (Mal) groups conjugated to the PSomes terminal interact with the amine and thiol groups on the surface of NPCCs to induce dual targeting via two covalent bonds. The findings indicate that the ratio of NHS to Mal on PSomes is optimal for dual targeting. Moreover, triiodothyronine (T3) is known to promotes pancreatic islet maturation and differentiation of endocrine cells into beta cells. T3 encapsulated in PSomes is shown to increase the glucose sensitivity of NPCCs and enhance insulin secretion from NPCCs. Furthermore, improvements in the nano-encapsulation efficiency and insulin-secreting capability of NPCCs through dual targeting via dual-Psomes are demonstrated. In conclusion, the proposed nano-encapsulation technique could pave the way for significant advances in islet nano-encapsulation and the imprevement of NPCC immaturity via T3 release.
Strong Eastern Pacific El Niño events largely determine the spread in ENSO Amplitude and Asymmetry in Climate Models
Authors: Bayr Tobias , Lübbecke Joke F. , Vialard Jérôme , Latif Mojib 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) exhibits a considerable asymmetry in Sea Surface Temperature anomalies (SSTa), as El Niño events tend to be stronger and centered further east than La Niña events. Here we show by observations and climate models that the southward shift of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) onto the equator during strong Eastern Pacific (EP) El Niño events is essential for ENSO asymmetry, as this shifts the wind-SST feedback eastward by up to 15° compared to Central Pacific (CP) El Niño events, explaining the more eastern center in SSTa. Further, the thermocline feedback is enhanced in the east and in turn the Bjerknes feedback, which explains the large amplitude of the EP El Niño events. These results are confirmed by the CESM1 Large Ensemble. Further, it shows a statistically significant and strong (r ~ 0.8) link between internally generated differences in the fraction of strong EP events in 50-years long realizations and their overall ENSO amplitude and asymmetry. Finally, we analyze ENSO amplitude and asymmetry in preindustrial control simulations of 32 models participating in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6 (CMIP6). The spread in ENSO amplitude across the model ensemble can be largely explained by the fraction of the strong EP El Niños. Half of the models strongly underestimate the ENSO asymmetry, which can be partly explained by the equatorial Pacific cold SST bias that hampers the southward migration of the ITCZ onto the equator during El Niño events, leading to fewer strong EP El Niño events.
Application of in-situ process monitoring to optimize laser parameters during laser powder bed fusion printing of Ti-6Al-4V parts with overhang structures
Authors: Power John James , Humphreys Owen , Hartnett Mark , Egan Darragh , Dowling Denis P. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Geometrically complex features, such as overhang structures, can be a challenge in laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF), as they can be associated with print defects, such as porosity. In this study, Ti-6Al-4V alloy overhang structures were fabricated using an L-PBF system. Differences were observed in the microstructure in the region around the overhang structures, compared with that observed for the bulk alloy. These included larger grain sizes and a less homogenous microstructure in the print layers closest to overhang structures. It is hypothesized that these microstructural changes are associated with the excess heat generated in the overhang region due to the decreased thermal conductivity of the powder immediately below the print layers, compared with solid alloy. Also observed was an increased level of porosity (up to 0.08%) in the overhang print alloy, compared with the corresponding <0.02% in the alloy bulk. During printing, in-situ process monitoring of the meltpool emissions was obtained in the near-infrared range and correlated with the properties of the printed parts.
This in-process data assisted in selecting optimal laser processing conditions in the first fifteen layers above the overhang to prevent meltpool overheating. By systematically controlling the laser energy during the printing of L-PBF overhang structures, the level of porosity was reduced to match that of the bulk alloy. There was also an associated reduction in the roughness of the overhang itself, with its Ra decreasing from 62.4 ± 7.3 µm to 7.5 ± 1.9 µm.
Iron Photocatalysis via Brønsted Acid Unlocking Ligand-to-Metal Charge Transfer
Authors: Lan Yu , Jiang Xiaoyu , Hao Yudong , Jiang Kui , He Jing , Zhu Jiali , Jia Shiqi , Li Shi-Jun , Niu Linbin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Reforming sustainable 3d-metal-based visible light catalytic platform for inert bulk chemical activation and value-added transformations is highly desirable. Herein, we demonstrate a robust and practical Brønsted acid unlocking iron ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT) photocatalysis for the activation of multifarious inert haloalkylcarboxylate (CnXmCOO−, X = F or Cl) to CnXm radical production, which successfully enables the fluoro-polyhaloalkylation of non-activated alkenes through the combination of easily available selectfluor as fluorine source. Numerous valuable alkyl fluorides including various of potential drug molecules can be easily delivered under this protocol. Mechanistic studies indicate that a strong Brønsted acid is indeed capable of inducing the cleavage of Fe(CF3COO)3 to CF3 radical under blue light irradiation. We anticipate that this Brønsted acid unlocking iron LMCT protocol for the oxidative decarboxylation of haloalkylcarboxylate can serve as an intriguing sustainable option to execute the activation of inert compounds.
Proximal Point Algorithms with Inertial Extrapolation for Quasi-convex Pseudo-monotone Equilibrium Problems
Authors: Izuchukwu chinedu , Ogwo Grace , shehu yekini 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

In this paper, we study the proximal point algorithm with inertial extrapolation to approximate a solution to the quasi-convex pseudo-monotone equilibrium problem. In the proposed algorithm, the inertial parameter is allowed to take both negative and positive values during implementations. The possibility of the choice of negative values for the inertial parameter sheds more light on the range of values of the inertial parameter for the proximal point algorithm. Under standard assumptions, we prove that the sequence of iterates generated by the proposed algorithm converges to a solution of the equilibrium problem when the bifunction is strongly quasi-convex in its second argument. Numerical results are reported for both cases of negative and positive inertial factor of the proposed algorithm and comparison with related algorithm is discussed.
2010 MSC classification: 90C25, 90C30, 90C60, 68Q25, 49M25, 90C22
Development and Validation of a Novel Scoring System for Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Xu Rui , Peng Shixin , Qiu Yulong , Zhu Ji , Zhang Xiaodong , Jiang Li 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background: This study aimed to assess the clinical application of the Artery Occlusion Image Score (AOIS), a new metric based on computed tomographic angiography (CTA) that reflects the severity of occlusive changes in the main intracranial arteries.
Materials and Methods: Patients diagnosed with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) were divided into three groups: anterior circulation infarcts (ACI group), posterior circulation infarcts (PCI group), and both anterior and posterior circulation infarcts (ACI+PCI group). The sensitivity and specificity of AOIS were evaluated using the Basilar Artery on Computed Tomography Angiography (BATMAN) score, the Clot Burden Score (CBS), and the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) as comparators through receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.
Results: The final analysis included 439 consecutive patients. In the ACI group, AOIS demonstrated high sensitivity (86.3%) and specificity (85.0%) and outperformed CBS in predicting patient prognosis. In the PCI group, AOIS also showed high sensitivity (88.9%) and specificity (90.0%) and outperformed BATMAN in predicting patient prognosis. In the ACI+PCI group, AOIS positively correlated with the NIHSS score (Spearman’s ρ = 0.602, P < .001). Additionally, the scoring time of AOIS did not significantly differ from CBS and BATMAN.
Conclusion: AOIS is a convenient and reliable method for guiding treatment and predicting outcomes in patients with ACI or/and PCI. Furthermore, AOIS is the first CTA-based scoring system that covers both the anterior and posterior circulation, providing a convenient and reliable evaluation for patients with concurrent acute ischemic stroke in both circulations.
Inflammatory markers and increased carotid intimal thickness in asymptomatic growth hormone naïve patients of Sheehan syndrome.
Authors: mir shahnaz ahmad , naik asif ahmad naik ahmad , bashrat dar , arshed uzma , khan naseer ahmad , singh hardeep , laway Bashir ahmad 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective
The dyad of cardio-metabolic risk factors and endothelial dysfunction observed in hypopituitarism untreated for growth hormone deficiency (GHD), a characteristic of Sheehan's syndrome (SS), contributes to the increased cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. The elevated inflammatory markers reported in these patients along with conventional cardiovascular risk factors are considered pivotal contributors to coronary endothelial dysfunction and high risk for cardiovascular events. We aim to investigate the level of conventional cardiovascular risk factors, inflammatory markers and carotid artery Intima-Media Thickness (CIMT) in patients of SS compared to a group of healthy women.
Methods
A total of 37 SS patients fulfilling the case definition for this study and same number (n = 37) healthy age, BMI and parity matched controls were recruited for the study. The participants underwent detailed clinical, biochemical, hormone analysis and measurement of Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and Interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels. CIMT assessment was also done using high-resolution echo-colour Doppler system in both cases and controls.
Results
Patients with SS had significantly higher mean triglyceride, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and lower high-density cholesterol concentrations. The markers of inflammation including TNF-α and IL-6 levels were significantly higher (23.41 ± 10.97 vs. 20.05 ± 2.76pg/ml; p = 0.041) for TNF- α and (37.19 ± 5.38 vs. 32.08 ± 1.18pg/ml; p = 0.004) for IL-6, compared to healthy controls. Furthermore, mean carotid intima medial thickness in patients was significantly increased in comparison to healthy controls (0.71 ± 0.07 vs. 0.59 ± 0.05mm; p = 0.001).
Conclusion
Our study demonstrated that patients with SS have clustering of cardiovascular risk factors that may contribute to the increased risk for cardiovascular events.
The Hopf whole-brain model and its linear approximation
Authors: Ponce-Alvarez Adrián , Deco Gustavo 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Whole-brain models have proven to be useful to understand the emergence of collective activity among neural populations or brain regions. These models combine connectivity matrices, or connectomes, with local node dynamics, noise, and, eventually, transmission delays. Multiple choices for the local dynamics have been proposed. Among them, nonlinear oscillators corresponding to a supercritical Hopf bifurcation have been used to link brain connectivity and collective phase and amplitude dynamics in different brain states. Here, we studied the linear fluctuations of this model to estimate its stationary statistics, i.e., the instantaneous and lagged covariances and the power spectral densities. This linear approximation ⸺that holds in the case of heterogeneous parameters and time-delays⸺ allows analytical estimation of the statistics and it can be used for fast parameter explorations to study changes in brain state, changes in brain activity due to alterations in structural connectivity, and modulations of parameter due to non-equilibrium dynamics.
Host-Virus Cophylogeny Trajectories: Investigating Molecular Relationships between Coronaviruses and Bat Hosts
Authors: Li Wanlin , Tahiri Nadia 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background: Bats, with their virus tolerance, social behaviors, and mobility, are reservoirs for emerging viruses, including coronaviruses (CoVs) known for genetic flexibility. Studying the cophylogenetic link between bats and CoVs provides vital insights into transmission dynamics, host adaptation, and the foundation for disease emergence and spread. In this study, we investigate the cophylogenetic patterns of 69 host-virus connections. Prior research has yielded valuable insights into phenomena such as host switching, cospeciation, and other dynamics concerning the interaction between CoVs and bats. Nonetheless, a distinct gap exists in the current literature concerning a comparative cophylogenetic analysis focused on elucidating the contributions of sequence fragments to the coevolution between hosts and viruses.
Results: Among the 69 host-virus links examined, 47 showed significant cophylogeny based on ParaFit and PACo analyses, affirming strong associations. Focusing on two pivotal proteins, ORF1ab and spike, we conduct a comparative analysis of host and coronavirus phylogenies. For ORF1ab, specific window ranges in the multiple sequence alignment (positions 520-680, 770-870, 2930-3070, and 4910-5080) exhibit the lowest Robinson and Foulds (RF) distance (i.e. 84.62\%), emphasizing their higher contribution in the cophylogenetic association. Similarly, within the spike region, distinct window ranges (positions 0-140, 60-180, 100-410, 360-550, and 630-730) display the lowest RF distance at 88.46\%. Our analysis identifies six recombination regions within ORF1ab (positions 360-1390, 550-1610, 680-1680, 700-1710, 2060-3090, and 2130-3250), and four within the spike protein (positions 10-510, 50-560, 170-710, and 230-730). The convergence of minimal RF distance regions with combination regions robustly affirms the pivotal role of recombination in viral adaptation to host selection pressures. Furthermore, horizontal gene transfer reveals prominent instances of partial gene transfer events, occurring not only among variants within the same host species but also crossing host species boundaries. This suggests a more intricate pattern of genetic exchange.
Conclusions: By employing a multifaceted approach, our comprehensive approach provides a nuanced understanding of the multifaceted interactions governing the coevolutionary dynamics between bat hosts and CoVs. This deeper insight informs our understanding of viral evolution and adaptation mechanisms, illuminating the broader dynamics driving viral diversity.
A chimeric mitochondrial gene FA323 confers male sterility in Fujian cytoplasmic male sterile rice
Authors: Li Yu , Chen Yaomi , Zhu Yanting , Huang Furong , Shao Xiaoqi , Maimaitiaili Ayimire 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Based on gene homology, combined with chromosome walking technique, we isolated a candidate cytoplasmic male sterility gene FA323 specific to the cytoplasm of the CMS-FA line. Genetic transformation tests showed that most of the transgenic plants harbouring FA323 exhibited abnormal anthers which could not be stained with 1% I2-KI (potassium iodide)，and that both natural and bagged seed-setting rate were zero. The F1 generation of a positive transgenic plant × the japonic variety Zhonghua11 (ZH11) displayed 1 fertile plants without FA323:1 sterile plants with FA323 segregation. Western blot analysis detected the accumulation of FA323 protein in the CMS-FA line, but not in the iso-cytoplasmic restorer line with the restoring gene OsRf19. qRT-PCR analysis showed that OsRf19 could significantly reduce the transcript amounts of FA323. All these results demonstrated that FA323 could lead to male sterility in rice, it was another cytoplasmic male sterility gene for CMS-FA besides FA182, and OsRf19 might restore the male fertility of CMS-FA lines by degrading FA323 mRNA or suppressing the production of the mRNA. Our results laid a solid foundation for the further elucidation of the molecular mechanism underlying this kind of cytoplasmic-nuclear interaction. Author contribution statement LY designed the study and wrote the manuscript. CXM，ZYT，HFR，SXQ and AM performed the research. Conflict of interest The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
Diversity of soliton dynamics to (3+1)-dimensional nKdV-nCBS equation in a long wave propagation
Authors: Murtaza Isma Ghulam Murtaza Isma Ghulam , Raza Nauman Raza Nauman , Arshad Saima Arahad Saima 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In this work, we have investigated a fascinating negative-order Korteweg-de Vries CalogeroBogoyavlenskii-Schiff equation in (3+1) dimensions, which is a collection of the Korteweg-deVries equation and the Calogero-Bogoyavlenskii-Schiff equation. It has been looked that how this model defines the interactions of long wave propagations and how it may be used in math,physics, and engineering. We have used the unified method and the singular manifold method to determine the exact traveling wave solutions to this problem. Exponential, trigonometric,rational, and hyperbolic functions are used to represent the derived traveling wave solutions.By using the traveling wave transformation, the considered nonlinear partial differential equation is transformed into an ordinary differential equation. The full derivation of the provided model using the unified methodology and singular manifold method has been added. We have supposed that the equation has a soliton solution. We have got a system of equations by arranging the resultant equations. We have extract unknown coefficients in the system using Maplesoftware and by plugging them into the original equation new soliton solutions to the equation are obtained. The findings show that the soliton solutions generated by these methods are valid. For illustrative purposes, we provide both 3-D and 2-D graphical representations. The strategy described in this research is superior to certain others that have been used to solve the same equation in the literature, according to computational findings. It demonstrates how these answers may be very helpful in comprehending physical processes in a range of applied mathematics fields.
New developed Methods used for Data Science Optimization
Authors: Mahboub Mohamed Abdeldaiem , krishna tiruveedula gopi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Nowadays, there is a growing need to introduce new methods and algorithms in the field of data science. Optimization solutions can be utilized to construct data science models. Our primary emphasis lies in the examination and enhancement of cutting-edge techniques and methods utilized in the field of data science, with the aim of effectively tackling problems. These alternatives consist of algorithms that are based on rule based and the different methods of preprocessing for data science that do not rely on derivatives. We think that the best way to reach our goals for making things better was by using machine learning. By utilizing optimization methods and algorithms, it becomes feasible to locate enhanced solutions to problems in machine learning optimization. These methods can lead to increased improvements in how machines learn and apply knowledge.
The Association between Symptomatic Remission and Social Support in Community- Dwelling Schizophrenia Patients During COVID-19
Authors: YAO Lansicheng , Lan Tianjiao , TIAN Xiaobing , Pan Qiuyu 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background: Schizophrenia is a severe and enduring psychiatric disorder, characterized by substantial challenges in achieving symptomatic remission. Up to now, there have been limited studies examining the association between remission status and social support in patients with schizophrenia during COVID-19. This study aimed to investigate the remission status of community-dwelling schizophrenia patients during the pandemic and explore whether symptomatic remission is significantly associated with social support in a cross-sectional study.
Methods: 727 schizophrenia patients were recruited using a cluster random sampling method in the local community. Face-to-face interviews were used to gather data on participants’ clinical characteristics, sociodemographic, social support, and symptomatic remission criteria. Logistic regression models were deployed to identify potential relationships between symptomatic remission and social support.
Results:Among the 727 patients in our study, a substantial proportion of 522 (71.80%) achieved symptomatic remission, while 205 (28.2%) did not. Remarkably, those who achieved symptomatic remission exhibited a higher level of social support (28.32 ± 6.82) compared to those who did not. The proportion of patients achieving symptomatic remission in the low (19.4%), medium (46.2%), and high (34.3%) social support groups was 43.3%, 33.9%, and 12.0%, respectively. Moreover, the crude odds ratio for the association between social support and symptomatic remission was 3.20 (95% CI: 2.45±4.18). After controlling for all confounding factors, the adjusted odds ratio remained significant at 3.02 (95% CI: 2.30±3.97).
Conclusions: This consistent association underscores the critical role of social support in influencing symptomatic remission among community-dwelling schizophrenia patients, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Reinforcing the utilization of social support for fostering symptomatic remission among individuals with schizophrenia who reside in the community during such crises is recommended.