bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Functional significance of cholesterol metabolism in cancer: from threat to treatment
Authors: Xiao Mingming , Xu Jin , Wang Wei , Zhang Bo , Liu Jiang , Li Jialin , Xu Hang , Zhao Yingjun , Yu Xianjun , Shi Si 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCholesterol is an essential structural component of membranes that contributes to membrane integrity and fluidity. Cholesterol homeostasis plays a critical role in the maintenance of cellular activities. Recently, increasing evidence has indicated that cholesterol is a major determinant by modulating cell signaling events governing the hallmarks of cancer. Numerous studies have shown the functional significance of cholesterol metabolism in tumorigenesis, cancer progression and metastasis through its regulatory effects on the immune response, ferroptosis, autophagy, cell stemness, and the DNA damage response. Here, we summarize recent literature describing cholesterol metabolism in cancer cells, including the cholesterol metabolism pathways and the mutual regulatory mechanisms involved in cancer progression and cholesterol metabolism. We also discuss various drugs targeting cholesterol metabolism to suggest new strategies for cancer treatment.
Application of a modified tetra-primer ARMS–PCR assay for rapid Panax species identity authentication in ginseng products
Authors: Yang Zhengxiu , Lo Yat Tung , Quan Zheng , He Junchen , Chen Yanjun , Faller Adam , Chua Tiffany , Wu Hoi Yan , Zhang Yanjun , Zou Qiang , Li Fan , Chang Peter , Swanson Gary , Shaw Pang Chui , Lu Zhengfei 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPanax ginseng products can be adulterated with materials from other Panax species. The purpose of this study is to provide a rapid P. ginseng authentication method for simultaneous identification of P. ginseng and detection of adulteration in ginseng products at different processing stages. First, a tetra-primer ARMS–PCR assay was designed based on a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) within the trnL-trnF region and was tested at 28 PCR cycles with DNA extracted from Botanical Reference Materials (BRMs). Next, 5′ end random nucleotide and 3′ terminus phosphorothioates linkage modifications were incorporated into the inner primers to improve sensitivity and specificity at 40 PCR cycles. Finally, the modified assay was validated using characterized market ginseng materials and the detection limit was determined. The modified tetra-primer ARMS–PCR assay can achieve the desired sensitivity and specificity using one set of reaction conditions in ginseng materials at different stages. In validation, it was able to correctly identify target species P. ginseng and differentiate it from closely related species. This study suggests that the modified tetra-primer ARMS–PCR assay can be used for the rapid, species identity authentication of P. ginseng material in ginseng products. This assay can be used to complement chemical analytical methods in quality control, so both species identity and processing attributes of ginseng products can be efficiently addressed.
Structural characterization analysis and macromolecular model construction of coal from Qinggangping coal mine
Authors: Li Qi , Qin Yujin , Ren Shaokui 
Published: September 2023

AbstractUnderstanding the molecular structure characteristics of coal at the molecular level is of great significance to realize the rational utilization and efficient conversion of coal. This paper gives insights into the acquisition of characterization parameters of coal molecular microstructure by testing and analyzing the long flame coal from Qinggangping (QGP) Coal Mine through proximate analysis, ultimate analysis, vitrinite reflectance determination, fourier transform infrared Spectroscopy test (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron epectroscopy test (XPS), carbon nuclear magnetic resonance (13C-NMR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results show that benzene rings in the QGP coal are mainly connected in a disubstituted way, accounting for 36.48%. Oxygen atoms mainly exist in the oxygen-containing functional groups such as the ether C–O, C=O and –COO. Aliphatic hydrocarbons in the aliphatic group are mainly of symmetrical -CHx stretching vibration. Hydroxyl groups are mainly composed of OH–OH and OH–O hydrogen bonds, accounting for 29.21% and 21.53%, respectively. Nitrogen atoms exist in the form of C4H5N. The coal molecular is mainly of aromatic carbon structure, where the ratio of bridge aromatic carbon to peripheral carbon is 0.198. There are benzene, naphthalene and anthracene in the coal molecular structure, and the former two chemicals play a dominating role. According to the analysis results, the molecular formula of the QGP coal is finally determined as C205H181O29N3S. On this basis, the two-dimensional and three-dimensional macromolecular models are constructed with the assistance of simulation software. In addition, the 13C-NMR spectra and densities of the constructed molecular models are calculated, which verifies the rationality of the models. The macromolecular structure model of bituminous coal constructed in this study provides a theoretical model basis for the optimal surfactant.
An in-depth investigation of the impact of salt nature on the formulation of microemulsion systems
Authors: Rezaie Ali , Ghasemi Hassan , Eslami Fatemeh 
Published: September 2023

AbstractElectrolytes have a wide range of technological applications. Despite the recent improvements in characterizing and predicting the phase behavior of microemulsion systems by hydrophilic-lipophilic deviation (HLD) and net-average curvature (NAC) frameworks, they are ineffective in the presence of different salts. This work seeks to bridge this gap by investigating the influence of salt nature on the microemulsion phase formulation. First, a one-dimensional salinity scan on different microemulsion systems consisting of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate as a surfactant, hexane as an oil and, several brines was carried out, and the effect of each salt on the phase behavior were precisely evaluated. The results for optimum salinity and solubilization parameter of different salts were consistent with the Hofmeister series. In addition, multiple linear regression model is presented to accurately predicting the optimum salinity of different salts using this research data and all the available experimental data. The results revealed that the values estimated by this model is in significant consistency with the experimental data by correlation coefficient of 0.92. Finally, the effect of salt type on the NAC parameters (length parameter, and characteristic length$$)$$
)
were evaluated to improve the predicting ability of this equation of state in the presence of various salts. We found that salt nature has a significant impact on both these parameters. It was found that the length parameter is linearly dependent on the optimum ionic strength of salts while the salting-out capacity of each salt was predominant factor affecting the characteristic length.
Novel phonocardiography system for heartbeat detection from various locations
Authors: Jaros Rene , Koutny Jiri , Ladrova Martina , Martinek Radek 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe paper presents evaluation of the proposed phonocardiography (PCG) measurement system designed primarily for heartbeat detection to estimate heart rate (HR). Typically, HR estimation is performed using electrocardiography (ECG) or pulse wave as one of the fundamental diagnostic methodologies for assessing cardiac function. The system includes novel both sensory part and data processing procedure, which is based on signal preprocessing using Wavelet Transform (WT) and Shannon energy computation and heart sounds classification using K-means. Due to the lack of standardization in the placement of PCG sensors, the study focuses on evaluating the signal quality obtained from 7 different sensor locations on the subject’s chest and investigates which locations are most suitable for recording heart sounds. The suitability of sensor localization was examined in 27 subjects by detecting the first two heart sounds (S1, S2). The HR detection sensitivity related to reference ECG from all sensor positions reached values over 88.9 and 77.4% in detection of S1 and S2, respectively. The placement in the middle of sternum showed the higher signal quality with median of the proper S1 and S2 detection sensitivity of 98.5 and 97.5%, respectively.
Computational immunohistochemical mapping adds immune context to histological phenotypes in mouse models of colitis
Authors: Kobayashi Soma , Sullivan Christopher , Bialkowska Agnieszka B. , Saltz Joel H. , Yang Vincent W. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractInflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by chronic, dysregulated inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract. The heterogeneity of IBD is reflected through two major subtypes, Crohn’s Disease (CD) and Ulcerative Colitis (UC). CD and UC differ across symptomatic presentation, histology, immune responses, and treatment. While colitis mouse models have been influential in deciphering IBD pathogenesis, no single model captures the full heterogeneity of clinical disease. The translational capacity of mouse models may be augmented by shifting to multi-mouse model studies that aggregate analysis across various well-controlled phenotypes. Here, we evaluate the value of histology in multi-mouse model characterizations by building upon a previous pipeline that detects histological disease classes in hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained murine colons. Specifically, we map immune marker positivity across serially-sectioned slides to H&E histological classes across the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) chemical induction model and the intestinal epithelium-specific, inducible Villin-CreERT2;Klf5fl/fl (Klf5ΔIND) genetic model. In this study, we construct the beginning frameworks to define H&E-patch-based immunophenotypes based on IHC-H&E mappings.
On catching the preparatory phase of damaging earthquakes: an example from central Italy
Authors: Picozzi Matteo , Iaccarino Antonio G. , Spallarossa Daniele , Bindi Dino 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHow, when and where large earthquakes are generated remain fundamental unsolved scientific questions. Intercepting when a fault system starts deviating from its steady behavior by monitoring the spatio-temporal evolution and dynamic source properties of micro-to-small earthquakes can have high potential as tool for identifying the preparatory phase of large earthquakes. We analyze the seismic activity that preceded the Mw 6.3 earthquake that hit L’Aquila on 6 April 2009 in central Italy, and we show that the seismic catalog information can be transformed into features allowing us to track in a statistical framework the spatio-temporal evolution of seismicity. Features associated to foreshocks show different patterns from the background seismicity that occurred in the previous years. We show that features ensemble allows to clearly capture the activation phase of the main event. Nonetheless, foreshocks share similar clustering properties of previous seismic sequences not culminating in large earthquakes, and thus generating questions on their use as potential precursor for earthquake sequences prone to evolve into catastrophic sequences.
The NeuroBel: A Screening Test for Verbal Language Impairment in Spanish-Speaking Elderly People With Cognitive Decline
Authors: Adrián José A. , Bermúdez-Llusá Geidy , Caramés José M. , Rodríguez-Parra María J. , Arango-Lasprilla Juan C. 
Published: September 2023

Purpose:
The NeuroBel is a short test that can detect cognitive decline using language tasks. This study replicated previous research using larger clinical samples from three Spanish-speaking countries.

Method:
Eight tasks were used to analyze verbal language functioning using a psycholinguistic approach. A total of 232 elderly, monolingual Spanish speakers from Spain, Cuba, and Colombia participated in this study. Of these, 76 had Alzheimer's disease (AD) in the initial phase, 75 had mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and 81 did not exhibit cognitive impairment (healthy controls).

Results:
Significant differences were observed among the three clinical groups. The participants with AD and the participants with MCI had significantly lower NeuroBel scores than the control group on most of the tasks. However, repetition (in AD vs. MCI) and auditory lexical decision (in MCI vs. control) tasks were not significant in Tukey's post hoc tests. Discriminant analysis showed that 80.6% of the participants were correctly classified into the original groups and revealed the tasks that were the best and worst for differentiating among groups. The receiver-operating characteristic curves showed high sensitivity for AD and MCI. The area under the curve was .97 in the contrast of AD versus MCI + controls, .96 in the determination of overall cognitive decline (AD + MCI vs. controls), and .93 in the contrast of MCI and control groups.

Conclusion:
This study confirmed that the NeuroBel is a suitable test for detecting cognitive decline based on language impairment in Spanish-speaking elderly people.
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in exoplanet atmospheres
Authors: Dubey Dwaipayan , Grübel Fabian , Arenales-Lope Rosa , Molaverdikhani Karan , Ercolano Barbara , Rab Christian , Trapp Oliver 
Published: September 2023

Context.Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, largely known as PAHs, are widespread in the Universe and have been identified in a vast array of astronomical observations, from the interstellar medium to protoplanetary disks. They are likely to be associated with the chemical history of the Universe and the emergence of life on Earth. However, their abundance on exoplanets remains unknown.Aims.We aim to investigate the feasibility of PAH formation in the thermalized atmospheres of irradiated and non-irradiated hot Jupiters around Sun-like stars.Methods.To this aim, we introduced PAHs in the 1D, self-consistent forward modeling code petitCODE. We simulated a large number of planet atmospheres with different parameters (e.g., carbon to oxygen ratio, metallicity, and effective planetary temperature) to study PAH formation. By coupling the thermochemical equilibrium solution from petitCODE with the 1D radiative transfer code, petitRADTRANS, we calculated the synthetic transmission and emission spectra for irradiated and non-irradiated planets, respectively, and explored the role of PAHs in planet spectra.Results.Our models show strong correlations between PAH abundance and the aforementioned parameters. In thermochemical equilibrium scenarios, an optimal temperature, elevated carbon to oxygen ratio, and increased metallicity values are conducive to the formation of PAHs, with the carbon to oxygen ratio having the largest effect.
Preoperative Intravenous Nitroglycerin: A Potential Complication for Cardiopulmonary Bypass
Authors: Courtney Pat H. , Wansley Donald E. , Warren E.T. , Hume ArthurS. , Heath Bobby J. 
Published: September 2023

(J. Extra-Corpor. Technol. 19[3] p. 369-371 Fall 1987, 13 ref.) It has been reported that intravenous nitroglycerin may interfere with the anticoagulation effect of heparin.1 A literature search reports this only in low dose heparin management for coronary care unit patients. We have observed this same effect but on a much larger scale with complete heparinization required for cadiopulmonary bypass. We began to observe an inadequate response to the calculated dose of heparin approximately one year ago (400 units/kg.). Some adult patients required as much as four times the calculated dose of heparin to achieve an activated clotting time of greater than 600 seconds.
Preoperative PTT and A T3 levels and postoperative levels were obtained on 25 adult patients. These tests yielded normal values and we then expanded our investigation. A systematic breakdown of medications administered to patients preoperatively was begun, checking for potential heparin neutralization.
The studies of the medications administered revealed nitroglycerin to be the only common denominator for all the patients that required large heparin doses. Many coronary artery bypass patients at our institution are placed on intravenous nitroglycerin prior to surgery. Our search of the literature revealed this to be a previously unreported potential complication for cardiopulmonary bypass in patients on high dose intravenous nitroglycerin.
Anlage von Drainagen in der CT
Authors: Gößmann Holger 
Published: September 2023

ZusammenfassungPerkutan angelegte Drainagen sind sehr effektiv, wenn extraluminale Flüssigkeitsansammlungen abgeleitet werden müssen. Sie werden am häufigsten unter sonografischer oder unter CT-Kontrolle
angelegt. Dieser Artikel gibt einen Überblick über abdominelle und thorakale Drainagen in der CT und liefert Tipps und Tricks zur Einbringung und zum Material.
Vaskulitis der Haut nach Kokainkonsum
Authors: Hellwege Rubi Stephani , Sitter Thomas , Wörnle Markus 
Published: September 2023

Zusammenfassung
Anamnese und klinischer Befund Ein 20-jähriger Patient stellte sich mit großflächigen und äußerst schmerzhaften Purpura mit Nekrosearealen und Vesikeln, vor allem an den unteren Extremitäten, aber auch an den Armen, am Stamm und an den Ohren in unserer Notaufnahme vor. Vorbestehend war ein Konsum von Kokain.
Untersuchungen In den Laboruntersuchungen zeigten sich erhöhte Entzündungszeichen sowie eine Erhöhung der Proteinase 3- und Myeloperoxidase-ANCA (Anti-Neutrophile cytoplasmatische Antikörper).
Diagnose In Zusammenschau der Anamnese, des klinischen Befundes und der Laborwerte zeigte sich eine Vaskulitis der Haut nach Kokainkonsum.
Therapie und Verlauf Unter einer Therapie mit Steroid sowie Drogenkarenz kam es zu einer Rückbildung der Veränderungen.
Folgerung Die Vaskulitis ist eine schwerwiegende Komplikation der Einnahme von Kokain.
A corpus-based discourse analysis of China’s national image constructed by environmental news in The New York Times
Authors: Yang Mei , Wang Ziwei 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe persuasive function of topoi—the conclusion rules connecting the arguments and claims—in national image construction through news discourse has been relatively under-researched. This article presents findings from a corpus-based discourse analysis of 21 China-related environmental news stories in The New York Times to address this gap. The corpus analysis of frequency was utilized to find out recurrent and characteristic topics in the news discourse, while the concordance analysis revealed the discourse prosody in the news stories. Topoi in the reported speech was scrutinized to uncover the persuasive intentions in the coverage and the press’s opinion of China’s pro-environmental actions. The findings demonstrate that China is constructed as a country pursuing economic growth at the expense of the environment and a country that is good at showing resolution of governance but with poor governance capacity. The paper suggests that China should spread environmental-related information more transparently using a vigorous international discourse system and diversify means of communication to offer the world more ways to see China’s pro-environmental actions.
‘Being in a place where it matters’: GPs who do and do not work in Aboriginal Health Services
Authors: Prentice Shaun , Barrett Alexandra , Benson Jill , Elliott Taryn 
Published: September 2023

Background Few general practitioners (GPs) pursue a career in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health. This research examined factors motivating Australian General Practice Training Program (AGPT) graduates to remain in, or leave, Aboriginal Medical Services (AMSs). Methods AGPT graduates who remained (n = 11) and left (n = 9) AMSs after placements participated in semi-structured interviews across two studies. Thematic analysis informed by grounded theory was employed. Results Both participant groups highlighted similar motivations for requesting an AMS placement, particularly their interest in Aboriginal health or culture. Participants enjoyed organisational structures and relationships, and faced similar barriers to working in AMSs. Those who left placed greater emphasis on the politics and bureaucracy, and unpredictability, and also faced the barrier of ties to their current practice. Those who remained in Aboriginal health more proactively addressed barriers and had a more external view of barriers. Conclusions Factors influencing career decisions of GPs in Aboriginal health overlap with those for GPs in rural and other under-served areas. Training providers can better prepare (e.g. more comprehensive orientations) and support registrars during their placements (e.g. greater mentoring). Registrars’ perceptions of, and reactions to, barriers may be pivotal in determining whether they remain in Aboriginal health. This article provides guidance for training providers to better support AMS registrars and encourage more GPs to work in this sector.
Measurement, calibration, and verification on the critical ignition temperature of hot bridge wire electro-explosive device
Authors: Lyu Xuxu , Wei Guanghui , Lu Xinfu , Du Xue , Sun Jiangning , Zhao Hongze 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
To address the problem of the difference in temperature between the exposed and amorce-filled state of the bridge wire in the fiber optic thermometry, this paper proceeds from a mathematical model of the temperature rise of the hot bridge wire electro-explosive device (EED), the relationship between the critical ignition temperature and the current of hot bridge wire EED is discussed. Combining thermal ignition theory, the technique of measurement and calibration the critical ignition temperature of hot bridge wire EED is proposed, and the technique is validated by injection versus radiation. The results show that the critical ignition temperature of the tested hot bridge wire EED obtained by testing and calibration is 337.53 °C. The 50% ignition field strength of the hot bridge wire EED under radiation conditions obtained by the up-and-down method test is 1271 V m−1, while the equivalent ignition field strength determined from the critical ignition temperature under the same radiation conditions is 1345 V m−1, the error between the two is only 0.49 dB, which demonstrates the high accuracy of the proposed measurement and calibration technique.
Comment on ‘Limitations in evaluating COVID-19 protective face masks using open circuit spirometry systems: respiratory measurement mask introduces bias in breathing pressure and perceived respiratory effort’
Authors: Marek Eike Maximilian , van Kampen Vera , Jettkant Birger , Hoffmeyer Frank , Bünger Jürgen 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We comment on the paper by Seibt and coworkers (Seibt et al 2023) which investigates whether wearing an additional respiratory measurement mask during open-circuit spirometry assessments (respirometry mask) shows any effect on breathing pressure and perceived respiratory effort when wearing protective face masks commonly worn during the COVID-19 pandemic.