bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What are the determinants of vegetable intake among adolescents from socioeconomically disadvantaged urban areas? A systematic review of qualitative studies
Authors: Bel-Serrat Silvia , von der Schulenburg Antje , Marques-Previ Maria , Mullee Amy , Murrin Celine M 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundEvidence available on the determinants of vegetable intake in young populations is inconsistent. Vegetable intake is particularly low in adolescents from less-affluent backgrounds, yet no systematic review of qualitative studies investigating determinants for vegetable intake specifically has been conducted to date in this group. This systematic review aimed to identify determinants of vegetable intake in adolescents from socioeconomically disadvantaged urban areas located in very high-income countries reported in qualitative studies.MethodsFive electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, PsycINFO and ERIC) were searched until August 2022. The search strategy used combinations of synonyms for vegetable intake, adolescents, and qualitative methodologies. Main inclusion criteria were studies exploring views and experiences of motivators and barriers to vegetable intake in a sample of adolescents aged 12–18 years from socioeconomically disadvantaged urban areas in very high income countries. Study quality assessment was conducted using criteria established in a previous review.ResultsSixteen studies were included out of the 984 screened citations and 63 full texts. The synthesis of findings identified the following determinants of vegetable intake: sensory attributes of vegetables; psychosocial factors (nutrition knowledge, preferences/liking, self-efficacy, motivation); lifestyle factors (cost/price, time, convenience); fast food properties (taste, cost, satiety); home environment and parental influence; friends’ influence; school food environment, nutrition education and teachers’ support; and availability and accessibility of vegetables in the community and community nutrition practices. Studies attained between 18 and 49 out of 61 quality points, with eleven of 16 studies reaching ≥ 40 points. One main reason for lower scores was lack of data validation.ConclusionMultiple determinants of vegetable intake were identified complementing those investigated in quantitative studies. Future large scale quantitative studies should attempt to examine the relative importance of these determinants in order to guide the development of successful interventions in adolescents from socioeconomically disadvantaged backgrounds.
Mendelian randomization analyses in ocular disease: a powerful approach to causal inference with human genetic data
Authors: Li Jiaxin , Li Cong , Huang Yu , Guan Peng , Huang Desheng , Yu Honghua , Yang Xiaohong , Liu Lei 
Published: December 2022

AbstractOphthalmic epidemiology is concerned with the prevalence, distribution and other factors relating to human eye disease. While observational studies cannot avoid confounding factors from interventions, human eye composition and structure are unique, thus, eye disease pathogenesis, which greatly impairs quality of life and visual health, remains to be fully explored. Notwithstanding, inheritance has had a vital role in ophthalmic disease. Mendelian randomization (MR) is an emerging method that uses genetic variations as instrumental variables (IVs) to avoid confounders and reverse causality issues; it reveals causal relationships between exposure and a range of eyes disorders. Thus far, many MR studies have identified potentially causal associations between lifestyles or biological exposures and eye diseases, thus providing opportunities for further mechanistic research, and interventional development. However, MR results/data must be interpreted based on comprehensive evidence, whereas MR applications in ophthalmic epidemiology have some limitations worth exploring. Here, we review key principles, assumptions and MR methods, summarise contemporary evidence from MR studies on eye disease and provide new ideas uncovering aetiology in ophthalmology.
MTAP loss: a possible therapeutic approach for glioblastoma
Authors: Patro C. Pawan K. , Biswas Nupur , Pingle Sandeep C. , Lin Feng , Anekoji Misa , Jones Lawrence D. , Kesari Santosh , Wang Feng , Ashili Shashaanka 
Published: December 2022

AbstractGlioblastoma is the most lethal form of brain tumor with a recurrence rate of almost 90% and a survival time of only 15 months post-diagnosis. It is a highly heterogeneous, aggressive, and extensively studied tumor. Multiple studies have proposed therapeutic approaches to mitigate or improve the survival for patients with glioblastoma. In this article, we review the loss of the 5′-methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP) gene as a potential therapeutic approach for treating glioblastoma. MTAP encodes a metabolic enzyme required for the metabolism of polyamines and purines leading to DNA synthesis. Multiple studies have explored the loss of this gene and have shown its relevance as a therapeutic approach to glioblastoma tumor mitigation; however, other studies show that the loss of MTAP does not have a major impact on the course of the disease. This article reviews the contrasting findings of MTAP loss with regard to mitigating the effects of glioblastoma, and also focuses on multiple aspects of MTAP loss in glioblastoma by providing insights into the known findings and some of the unexplored areas of this field where new approaches can be imagined for novel glioblastoma therapeutics.
Inhibition of CCR2 attenuates neuroinflammation and neuronal apoptosis after subarachnoid hemorrhage through the PI3K/Akt pathway
Authors: Tian Qi , Guo Yujia , Feng Shi , Liu Chengli , He Peibang , Wang Jianfeng , Han Wenrui , Yang Chen , Zhang Zhan , Li Mingchang 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Neuroinflammation and neuronal apoptosis are closely associated with a poor prognosis in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). We investigated the role of C–C motif chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2) in SAH.

Methods
Pre-processed RNA-seq transcriptome datasets GSE167110 and GSE79416 from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database were screened for genes differentially expressed between mice with SAH and control mice, using bioinformatics analysis. The endovascular perforation model was performed to establish SAH. RS504393 (a CCR2 antagonist) and LY294002 (PI3K inhibitor) were administered to explore the mechanism of neuroinflammation after SAH. SAH grading, neurological scoring, brain water content and blood–brain barrier (BBB) permeability determination, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), western blotting, and immunofluorescence were performed. An in vitro model of SAH was induced in H22 cells by hemin treatment. The protective mechanism of CCR2 inhibition was studied by adding RS504393 and LY294002. Clinical cerebrospinal fluid (CST) samples were detected by ELISA.

Results
Expression of CCR2 was upregulated in both datasets and was identified as a hub gene. CCR2 expression was significantly upregulated in the cytoplasm of neurons after SAH, both in vitro and in vivo. RS significantly reduced the brain water content and blood–brain barrier permeability, alleviated neuroinflammation, and reduced neuronal apoptosis after SAH. Additionally, the protective effects of CCR2 inhibition were abolished by LY treatment. Finally, the levels of CCR2, inflammatory factors, and apoptotic factors were elevated in the CSF of patients with SAH. CCR2 levels were associated with patient outcomes at the 6-month follow-up.

Conclusion
CCR2 expression was upregulated in both in vitro and in vivo SAH models. Additionally, inhibition of CCR2, at least partly through the PI3K/AKT pathway, alleviated neuroinflammation and neuronal apoptosis in vivo and in vitro. CCR2 levels in the CSF have a moderate diagnostic value for 6-month outcome prediction in patients with SAH.
Ethnobotanical survey of medicinal wild plants in the Shouf Biosphere Reserve, Lebanon
Authors: Hani Nizar , Baydoun Safaa , Nasser Hatem , Ulian Tiziana , Arnold-Apostolides Nelly 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Medicinal plants and associated traditional knowledge play a vital role in supporting the livelihoods and resilience of indigenous communities. This ethnobotanical survey aims to identify medicinal plants used by the local communities of the Shouf Biosphere Reserve of Lebanon (SBR) and document the associated traditional knowledge.

Methodology
Focus groups and personal interviews with 133 informants of community members of 22 villages of SBR were performed during 2019–2022. Informants were selected using purposive sampling techniques based on their knowledge of medicinal plants and experience in traditional herbal medicine. Interviews were conducted using a semi-structured questionnaire through field visits.

Results
Informants were equally represented by females and males and had different demographic characteristics, and the main source of knowledge was ancestral. A total of 184 medicinal plant species belonging to 57 families were documented. The predominant families were Asteraceae (31 spp.), Lamiaceae (14 spp.), and Rosaceae (14 spp.). Leaves (23%) were the plant part most used. Decoction (45%) was the predominant preparation method, while internal (oral) use (47%) was the most frequent administration mean. Berberis libanotica, Dittrichia viscosa, and Daucus carota achieved the highest scores of frequency of citation (FC), relative frequency of citation (RFC), use value (UV), and fidelity level (FL). Furthermore, diseases and ailments of gastrointestinal tract were the category most treated.

Conclusions
Findings revealed a rich and diverse list of medicinal plants with associated traditional knowledge still actively used to treat a wide range of diseases. Future phytochemical and pharmacological studies are recommended to determine the efficacy and safety of plant species used. The management body of the SBR and all related authorities are invited to continue their conservation efforts to protect such rich biocultural heritage.
Multiple overlapping risk factors for childhood wheeze among children in Benin
Authors: Avokpaho Euripide F. G. A. , Gineau Laure , Sabbagh Audrey , Atindégla Eloic , Fiogbé Arnauld , Galagan Sean , Ibikounlé Moudachirou , Massougbodji Achille , Walson Judd L. , Luty Adrian J. F. , Garcia André 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
The African continent is currently facing an epidemiological transition characterized by a shift from communicable to non-communicable diseases. Prominent amongst the latter are allergies and asthma. In that context, wheeze has multiple potential contributory factors that could include some of the endemic helminth infections, as well as environmental exposures, such as household air pollution. We sought to determine the relative importance of these risk factors among children in Benin.

Methods
We included 964 children aged 6–14 years living in the commune of Comé, south–west Benin. All children were participants in the longitudinal monitoring cohort of the DeWorm3 trial designed to evaluate multiple rounds of community mass treatment with albendazole for interruption of the transmission of soil transmitted helminths (STH). We administered a standard ISAAC questionnaire to determine the presence of wheeze. In addition, we assessed exposure to household air pollution and to other potential allergy-inducing factors, dietary intake and anthropometry. Using STH infection status assessed at the pretreatment baseline timepoint, we used multivariate statistical modelling, controlling for covariates, to investigate associations between wheeze and the different factors measured.

Results
The prevalence of wheezing history was 5.2%, of current wheezing was 4.6% and of severe wheezing was 3.1%, while STH infections were found in 5.6% of children. These profiles did not vary as a function of either age or gender. Infection with Ascaris lumbricoides, but not hookworm species, was significantly associated with both current wheeze (adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR) = 4.3; 95% CI [1.5–12.0]) and severe wheeze (aOR = 9.2; 95% CI [3.1–27.8]). Significant positive associations with current wheeze, independent of each other and of STH infection status, were also found for (i) use of open cookstoves (aOR = 3.9; 95% CI [1.3–11.5]), (ii) use of palm cakes for fire lighting (aOR = 3.4; 95% CI [1.1–9.9]), (iii) contact with domestic animals and/or rodents (aOR = 2.5; 95% CI [1.1–6.0]), (iv) being overweight (aOR = 9.7; 95% CI [1.7–55.9]). Use of open cookstoves and being overweight were also independent risk factors for severe wheeze (aOR = 3.9; 95% CI [1.1–13.7]) and aOR = 10.3; 95% CI [1.8–60.0], respectively).

Conclusions
Children infected with A. lumbricoides appear to be at elevated risk of wheeze. Deworming may be an important intervention to reduce these symptoms. Improving cooking methods to reduce household air pollution, modifying dietary habits to avoid overweight, and keeping animals out of the house are all additional measures that could also contribute to reducing childrens’ risk of wheeze. Policymakers in LMIC should consider tailoring public health measures to reflect the importance of these different risk factors.
Evaluating the ecological hypothesis: early life salivary microbiome assembly predicts dental caries in a longitudinal case-control study
Authors: Blostein Freida , Bhaumik Deesha , Davis Elyse , Salzman Elizabeth , Shedden Kerby , Duhaime Melissa , Bakulski Kelly M. , McNeil Daniel W. , Marazita Mary L. , Foxman Betsy 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundEarly childhood caries (ECC)—dental caries (cavities) occurring in primary teeth up to age 6 years—is a prevalent childhood oral disease with a microbial etiology.Streptococcus mutanswas previously considered a primary cause, but recent research promotes the ecologic hypothesis, in which a dysbiosis in the oral microbial community leads to caries. In this incident, density sampled case-control study of 189 children followed from 2 months to 5 years, we use the salivary bacteriome to (1) prospectively test the ecological hypothesis of ECC in salivary bacteriome communities and (2) identify co-occurring salivary bacterial communities predicting future ECC.ResultsSupervised classification of future ECC case status using salivary samples from age 12 months using bacteriome-wide data (AUC-ROC 0.78 95% CI (0.71–0.85)) predicts future ECC status beforeS. mutanscan be detected. Dirichlet multinomial community state typing and co-occurrence network analysis identified similar robust and replicable groups of co-occurring taxa. Mean relative abundance of aHaemophilus parainfluenzae/Neisseria/Fusobacterium periodonticumgroup was lower in future ECC cases (0.14) than controls (0.23,Pvalue < 0.001) in pre-incident visits, positively correlated with saliva pH (Pearson rho = 0.33,Pvalue < 0.001) and reduced in individuals who had acquiredS. mutansby the next study visit (0.13) versus those who did not (0.20,Pvalue < 0.01). In a subset of whole genome shotgun sequenced samples (n= 30), case plaque had higher abundances of antibiotic production and resistance gene orthologs, including a major facilitator superfamily multidrug resistance transporter (MFS DHA2 familyPBHvalue = 1.9 × 10−28), lantibiotic transport system permease protein (PBHvalue = 6.0 × 10−6) and bacitracin synthase I (PBHvalue = 5.6 × 10−6). The oxidative phosphorylation KEGG pathway was enriched in case plaque (PBHvalue = 1.2 × 10−8), while the ABC transporter pathway was depleted (PBHvalue = 3.6 × 10−3).ConclusionsEarly-life bacterial interactions predisposed children to ECC, supporting a time-dependent interpretation of the ecological hypothesis. Bacterial communities which assemble before 12 months of age can promote or inhibit an ecological succession toS. mutansdominance and cariogenesis. Intragenera competitions and intergenera cooperation between oral taxa may shape the emergence of these communities, providing points for preventive interventions.
Fear of compassion from others explains the relation between borderline personality disorder symptoms and ineffective conflict resolution strategies among patients with substance use disorders
Authors: Gratz Kim L. , Myntti Warner , Mann Adam J. D. , Vidaña Ariana G. , Tull Matthew T. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Borderline personality disorder (BPD) pathology is common among patients with substance use disorders (SUDs) and associated with a variety of negative outcomes, including worse SUD outcomes. One particularly relevant outcome with links to substance use problems that is likely to be elevated among SUD patients with BPD symptoms is ineffective conflict resolution strategies in romantic relationships. However, no research to date has examined the relation of BPD pathology to strategies for managing conflict in romantic relationships among patients with SUDs, or the factors that may increase the use of ineffective strategies within this population. Thus, this study examined the relations of BPD symptoms to ineffective responses to romantic relationship conflict surrounding substance use among residential patients with SUDs, as well as the explanatory roles of fear of compassion from and for others in these relations.

Methods
Patients in a community-based correctional SUD residential treatment facility (N = 93) completed questionnaires, including a measure of BPD symptoms, fear of compassion from and for others, and strategies for responding to conflict surrounding substance use in romantic relationships.

Results
Fear of compassion from others accounted for significant variance in the relations of BPD symptoms to the ineffective conflict resolution strategies of reactivity, domination, and submission, whereas fear of compassion for others only accounted for significant variance in the relation between BPD symptoms and the strategy of separation (which is not always ineffective).

Conclusions
Together, findings suggest that it is fear of compassion from others (vs. fear of compassion for others) that explains the relation between BPD symptoms and ineffective responses to romantic relationship conflict surrounding substance use among SUD patients. Findings highlight the potential utility of interventions aimed at reducing fears of compassion and increasing comfort with and tolerance of compassion from both others and oneself among SUD patients with BPD symptoms in order to strengthen relationships and reduce risk for relapse.
Lingering impacts on sleep following the Daylight Savings Time transition in the Project Baseline Health Study
Authors: Owen Zachary , Saeb Sohrab , Short Sarah , Ong Nicole , Angi Giulia , Ghoreyshi Atiyeh , Sullivan Shannon S. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
The “spring forward” change to Daylight Savings Time (DST) has been epidemiologically linked with numerous health and safety risks in the days following the transition, but direct measures of sleep are infrequently collected in free-living individuals.

Methods
The Project Baseline Health Study (PBHS), a prospective, multicenter, longitudinal representative U.S. cohort study that began in 2017 launched a Sleep Mission in March 2021 to characterize sleep using patient-reported and wearable device measures, in free-living circumstances during the DST switch. Estimated sleep period duration, subjective restedness, and sleep quality were compared before and after the DST transition during specified timeframes.

Results
Of the total PBHS population of 2502 participants, 912 participants received an invitation and 607 responded by March 6th. Among those, 420 participants opted into the Sleep Mission (69.2%). The transition to DST resulted in both acute and lingering impacts on sleep. Acute effects included a 29.6 min reduction in sleep period (p = 0.03), increases in the proportion of patients who reported ‘sleeping poorly’ (from 1.7 to 13.6% [p < 0.01]), and with scores falling into the ‘unrested’ category (from 1.7 to 8.5% [p = 0.046]). There was also a downward trend in the proportion of participants reporting being rested in the morning following the DST transition (from 62.7% on March 7 to 49.2% on March 14 [p = 0.10]). Lingering effects included a 18.7% relative decrease in the daily likelihood of participants reporting restedness (from 49.2% in the week prior to the DST transition to 40.0% in the week after [p < 0.01]).

Conclusion
The DST transition is associated with an acute reduction in sleep period, as well as an increased proportion of individuals reporting poor sleep and unrestedness. The DST transition also resulted in lingering impacts on self-reported restedness, lasting into the week following the transition. This work adds to a growing understanding of the persistence of impacts on sleep health metrics due to the DST transition.
Transesterification of triglycerides from chicken fat and lard using base catalysts and its discriminant analysis
Authors: Ahda Mustofa , Guntarti Any , Kusbandari Aprilia , Husna Muhimmatul , Rasyidah Ilmiyatun 
Published: December 2022

Keamanan makanan merupakan suatu yang dibutuhkan oleh orang muslim termasuk kehalalannya. Salah satu metode yang digunakan untuk nalisis halal adalah kromatografi gas spektroskopi masa (KG-KS). Penggunaan KG-KS diaplikasikan pada senyawa yang memiliki karakteristik sifat mudah menguap. Oleh karena itu, trigliserida harus diubah menjadi metil ester melalui proses transesterifikasi. Pada penelitian, kita menggunakan katalis basa dalam proses tersebut karena katalis tersebut dapat bereaksi lebih cepat dibandingkan katalis asam. Katalis basa yang digunakan adana K2CO3 dan NaOH sebagai katalis heterogen dan homogen. Konsentrasi kedua katalis (K2CO3 dan NaOH) yang digunakan dalam proses transesterifikasi berturut-turut sebesar 2 mg/mL and 1 mg/mL. Selanjutnya, asam lemak yang didapatkan dianalisis menggunakan kemometrika untuk membedakan lemak ayam dam lemak babi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kedua katalis mampu menghasilkan kesamaan asam lemak dominant dari lemak ayam dam lemak babi akan tetapi konsentrasi asam lemaknya berbeda. Katalis K2CO3telah menghasikan beberapa produk metil ester dari lemak babi seperti asam oleat, asam palmitat, asam linoleat dan asam stearat dengan kadar relatifnya berturut-turut 48,62%, 21,38%, 9,08%, dan 11,18% sedangkan katalis NaOH dapat menghasilkan kadar asam lemak berturut-turut sebesar 49,60%, 21,83%, 9,12%, dan 11,18%. Selanjutnya, metil ester dominanÂ dalam lemak ayam dari katalis K2CO3 dan NaOH adalah asam oleat dan asam palmitat, dimana katalis K2CO3 menghasilkan kadar relatif sebesar 43.73% dan 22.82%, sedangkan katalis NaOH sekitar 53.52% dan 32.00%. Analisis diskriminan telah menunjukkan bahwa lemak babi dan lemak ayam dapat dikelompokkan berdasarkan kandungan asam lemaknya yang dikatalisis menggunakan K2CO3dan NaOH. Karenanya katalis K2CO3dan NaOHÂ dapat digunakan sebagai katalis basa dalam proses transesterifikasi untuk analisis kehalalan. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa katalis NaOH lebih baik dibandingkan katalis K2CO3Â dalam proses transesterifikasi pada trigliserida dalam lemak ayam dan lemak babi.