bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gene Expression in Glenoid Articular Cartilage Varies Across Acute Instability, Chronic Instability, and Osteoarthritis
Authors: Aleem Alexander W. , Rai Muhammad Farooq , Cai Lei , Brophy Robert H. 
Published: April 2023

Background:Shoulder instability is a common pathology associated with an elevated risk of osteoarthritis (OA). Little is known about gene expression in the cartilage of the glenohumeral joint after dislocation events, particularly as it relates to the risk of posttraumatic OA. This study tested the hypothesis that gene expression in glenoid cartilage varies among acute instability (<3 dislocations), chronic instability (≥3 dislocations), and OA.Methods:Articular cartilage was collected from the anteroinferior glenoid of consenting patients undergoing shoulder stabilization surgery (n = 17) or total shoulder arthroplasty (n = 16). Digital quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to assess the relative expression of 57 genes (36 genes from OA risk allele studies, 21 genes from differential expression studies), comparing (1) OA versus instability (acute and chronic combined), (2) acute versus chronic instability, (3) OA versus acute instability, and (4) OA versus chronic instability.Results:The expression of 11 genes from OA risk allele studies and 9 genes from differential expression studies was significantly different between cartilage from patients with instability and those with OA. Pro-inflammatory genes from differential expression studies and genes from OA risk allele studies were more highly expressed in cartilage in the OA group compared with the instability group, which expressed higher levels of extracellular matrix and pro-anabolic genes. The expression of 14 genes from OA risk allele studies and 4 genes from differential expression studies, including pro-inflammatory genes, anti-anabolic genes, and multiple genes from OA risk allele studies, was higher in the acute instability group compared with the chronic instability group. Cartilage in the OA group displayed higher expression ofCCL3, CHST11, GPR22, PRKAR2B,andPTGS2than cartilage in the group with acute or chronic instability. Whereas cartilage in both the acute and chronic instability groups had higher expression of collagen genes, cartilage in the OA group had expression of a subset of genes from OA risk allele studies or from differential expression studies that was lower than in the acute group and higher than in the chronic group.Conclusions:Glenoid cartilage has an inflammatory and catabolic phenotype in shoulders with OA but an anabolic phenotype in shoulders with instability. Cartilage from shoulders with acute instability displayed greater (cellular) metabolic activity compared with shoulders with chronic instability.Clinical Relevance:This exploratory study identified genes of interest, such asCCL3, CHST11, GPR22, PRKAR2B,andPTGS2,that have elevated expression in osteoarthritic glenoid cartilage. These findings provide new biological insight into the relationship between shoulder instability and OA, which could lead to strategies to predict and potentially modify patients’ risk of degenerative arthritis due to shoulder instability.
EXPERIMENTAL TAPHONOMY OF FRESHWATER DIATOMS: DISCRIMINATING BETWEEN CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL CAUSES OF FRUSTULE FRAGMENTATION
Authors: HASSAN GABRIELA S. , DIAZ MARISEL C. 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
Frustule fragmentation is one of the major taphonomic factors affecting diatom preservation in Pampean shallow lakes. Although this has been demonstrated by taphonomic studies conducted on extant and fossil material, little is known about the causes of frustule breakage and its environmental significance. Field studies along modern environmental gradients showed a low but significant correlation between dissolution and fragmentation. Reworking of sediments by wind action has also been suggested as a plausible explanation for the fragmentation patterns observed in the field. To evaluate the relative importance of chemical and physical causes of diatom fragmentation, three laboratory experiments were conducted to test for (1) the effect of physical agitation; (2) the effect of chemical dissolution; and (3) the joint effect of both variables on diatom fragmentation. Diatom samples were subjected to physical agitation with a reciprocating shaker at 250 rpm for 20 days. Chemical dissolution was tested by mixing diatom assemblages with solutions of different concentrations of NaCl and NaHCO3, and pH 10 for 20 days. The joint effect of both processes was tested by dissolving diatom assemblages in salt solutions and subjecting them simultaneously to agitation for 20 days at 250 rpm. In all cases, aliquots of each assemblage were sampled at initial and final experimental times and their preservation analyzed via the application of fragmentation and dissolution indices. Significant and similar differences in fragmentation indices were observed in both dissolution alone and combined experiments, but no differences were found in samples subjected to agitation alone. In all cases, dissolution and fragmentation indices were correlated, suggesting a causal relationship between them. Overall, our results suggest that the debilitation of the diatom frustule by chemical dissolution may be the main cause of the fragmentation patterns observed in surface sediments of Pampean shallow lakes.
Behaviour of HydroxylmethylFurfural(HMF)as a Wood Resin Extracted from Cellulose
Authors: moses vinutha , Narula Archna , Mishra Ranjeet Kumar , N Chetan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In this research hydroxyl methyl furfural (HMF) resin, was developed from cellulosic glucose as a precursor from finely powdered greens and fruit peels. The HMF was synthesised from glucose in DMSO after hydrolysis and dehydration using HCl catalyst. Further extraction of HMF resin was accomplished using a mixture of 2 mL of 2-butanol, 2 mL of 50% of NaCl solution and 1 mL of tetrahydrofuran (THF)in the HMF synthesised solution. The HMF obtained was characterised by NMR and FTIR-ATR that confirmed the presence of HMF. The crude HMF resin acquired was purified by crystallization to increase the conversion of HMF resin from 51–92%. The ISO848 boiling test exhibited that resin has high moisture resistance and bond strength in HMF wood composite. The SEM morphological studies proved of no voids. The HMF/Wood composite tensile strength, according to ASTM D 7031-04demonstrated good strength (21.5MPa) comparable to other phenolic composites.
Fasciitis-panniculitis syndrome with autoantibodies reacting to collagen fibers: A case report
Authors: Uehara Yu , ENYA TAKUJI , Morimoto Yuichi , Miyazaki Kohei , Hakata Yoshiyuki , Miyazawa Masaaki , Sugimoto Keisuke 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: Fasciitis-panniculitis syndrome (FPS) typically presents with swelling and skin hardening. Its histopathological characteristics include inflammatory cell infiltration and fibrous thickening of the subcutaneous tissue and fascia. No case describing FPS in children had been reported. We encountered a case of a 10-year-old boy in which prednisolone and famotidine were effective in managing the relapsed FPS.
Case presentation: The patient developed a high fever and skin swelling with pain and erythema on the right side of his body following an abrasion injury on his right wrist at the age of 5 years, and was suspected of having streptococcal toxic shock-like syndrome, for which he received antimicrobials, immunoglobulin therapy, debridement, and plasma exchange. The same presentation with similar magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of inflammatory spillover in the fat tissue and fascia was observed twice at the age of 6 years. Serological analyses for conventional autoantibodies, bone marrow aspiration and whole-exome sequencing examination were non-remarkable. Prednisolone was effective in ameliorating the above putative autoinflammatory syndrome. The patient was admitted at the age of 10 years with similar clinical and MRI findings indicative of recurrence of the same disease. En bloc biopsy from the skin to the fascia showed thickening of collagen fibers, infiltration of inflammatory cells composed mainly of neutrophils and lymphocytes, and necrotizing vasculitis in the fat tissue and fascia. Immunohistochemical staining of the en bloc biopsy sections indicated infiltration of T lymphocytes and macrophages in the perivascular connective tissue and fibrinoid necrosis, supporting the diagnosis of FPS. Induction therapy with prednisolone resulted in a remission. IgG purified from the patient’s serum reacted with collagen fibers in the lipofibrous septa. The patient is currently taking famotidine to prevent relapses and is making good progress in his recovery.
Conclusions: Although pathogenic autoantibodies have not been described in FPS, our results suggest that collagen-reactive autoantibodies may be involved in the pathogenesis of FPS.
Assessment of Adequacy and Appropriateness of Pain Management Practice among Trauma Patients at the Ethiopian Aabet Hospital: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Ayano Wondwossen Alemu , Fentie Atalay Mulu , Tileku Melaku , Jiru Tilahun , Hussen Shemsu Umer 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Pain is unpleasant sensory and emotional experiences associated with actual and/or potential tissue damage. It is the most common and prevalent reason for emergency departments (ED) visits with prevalence over 70% in the world. The aim of this study was to assess adequacy and appropriateness of pain management at Aabet Hospital.
Methods
An observational prospective study was conducted at Aabet hospital from December 1, 2020, to March 30, 2021. Adult trauma patients having pain (at least score 1 on Numeric Rating Scale) with Glasgow Coma Scale score > 13 was eligible to participate in the study. The pain intensity was evaluated at the time of admission (o minute) and then at 60, 120, 180, and 240 minutes. The time of the first analgesics was registered. The adequacy and the appropriateness of the pain management were calculated through pain management index (PMI).
Results
Two hundred thirty-two (232) participants were included in this study of which 126 (54.3%) were admitted due to road traffic accident followed by fall 44(19%). Only 21 (9.1%) study participants received the first analgesic treatment within 30 minutes while 27(11.6%) participants had no treatment at all within 240 minutes. The mean pain intensity score at admission was 5.55 ± 2.32 and reduced to 4.09 ± 2.69 at 240 minutes. Nearly half 110 (47.4%) of the study participants were treated inadequately (PMI (-) score). There was a weak and negative correlation between PMI and time to analgesia (r = − .159, p = 0.0001). The type of analgesia administered, time to analgesia and pain intensity could predict 65% of variance in PMI score (R2 = 0.65, P = .001).
Conclusion
From the results of this study, it can be concluded that acute pain in trauma patients was under and inappropriately treated.
Fault Diagnosis for Rolling Bearing of Road Heading Machine via SVDS-ICNN
Authors: Qu Xiaofei , Zhang Yongkang , Li Yin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
A novel fault diagnosis method based on Improved Singular Value Decomposition (SVD), S-transformation and Improved Convolutional Neural Networks (ICNN) is proposed for the non-stationary, nonlinear, interfered by strong background noise and difficult feature extraction problems of rolling bearing vibration signal of the road heading machine. Firstly, the original signal is constructed into a Hankel matrix which was decomposed by SVD. The effective singular values are selected according to the curvature spectrum of the singular values for signal recon-struction, and the reconstructed signals are transformed by S to generate the feature map, which is input into ICNN adaptive feature extraction for the fault identification. Secondly, the im-proved convolutional neural network uses VGG16 as a Bottleneck structure, introduces the bot-tleneck structure, selects input data with different sizes for feature extraction, adds Fine Tune on the basis of ICNN, and finally realizes fault classification and recognition through network pa-rameter adjustment. The proposed method is applied to the fault diagnosis of road heading ma-chine rolling bearings, and the accuracy rate is 98.2%, which is 9.55% higher than the classic VGG16 model.
Evaluation of Total Phenolic, Flavonoid contents, and Antioxidant activity of Rhus vulgaris leaves extracts
Authors: Belew Aderaw Anteneh , Hana Getachew Gebre Mariam Woled , Meshesha Desta Shumuye , Akele Mulugeta Legese 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundRhus vulgarisis rich in various polyphenols and flavonoids that act as free radical scavengers, reduce oxidative stress, and cure various harmful human diseases. Traditionally, the plant is used to treat various diseases including cancer. Methods This study involved extraction using the solvents hexane, acetone, and 80% aqueous methanol, phytochemical screening, and antimicrobial testing. Using the spectrophotometric techniques of Folin-Ciocalteu and aluminum chloride, respectively, the plant's total phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined. The extracts' activity was assessed with the help of the (DPPH) radical scavenging assay. Results The extracts mostly contain alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, glycosides, tannins, steroids, carbohydrates, and anthraquinones. Compared to the standard, the methanol extracts showed better inhibitory zones. Results revealed that total polyphenols and flavonoid contents were in the range of 5.82 ± 0.6–83.23 ± 0.6 mg GAE/100 g and 2.21 ± 0.34–23.47 ± 0.87 mg CE/100 g, respectively. Leaves extracts ofR.vulgariswas found to have higher antioxidant activities ranging from 0.756 ± 0.8 to 131.56 ± 0.6 mg AAE/g sample. Conclusion TheR. vulgaris80% methanolic extract displayed the highest phenolic and flavonoid concentrations as well as a powerful antioxidant capacity. It could be used as an antibiotic for different curable and incurable diseases.
Burden, risk factors, neurosurgical evacuation outcomes and predictors of mortality among traumatic brain injury patients with expansive intracranial hematomas in Uganda: A mixed methods study design
Authors: Kamabu Larrey Kasereka , Bbosa Godfrey S. , Lekuya Hervé Monka , Kyaruzi Victor Meza , Nyalundja Arsene Daniel , Sekabunga Juliet Nalwanga , Kataka Louange Maha , Obiga Doomwin Oscar Deogratius , Kiryabwire Joel , Galukande Moses 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
There has been a significant paucity of literature reporting on the burden, risk factors, neurosurgical outcomes for expansive intracranial hematomas (EIH) following traumatic brain injury (TBI) in Uganda and related low middle income countries. This research determined the burden, risk factors, neurosurgical outcomes in Uganda EIH patients.
Methods
A mixed methods study design was conducted among TBI adult patients with intracranial hematoma who underwent surgical evacuation during a period of 18 months. In analysis, univariate, bivariable and multivariable, cox regression analyses, Kaplan Meir survival curves, log rank test were sequentially conducted at p-values of <0.2 and 0.05, at a 95% Confidence interval (CI) in respective order to assess factors associated with EIH, surgical outcomes.
Results
Of the 324 patients with intracranial hematomas [80.6% male, mean age 37.5 (17.4) years], 192 (59.3%) had EIH resulting in a proportion of 0.59 (95% CI: 0.54 to 0.65). At multivariate model, age group between 39 to 48 PR =1.54 (95% CI 1.20 to 1.97; P = 0.001), age above 48 years PR =1.56 (95% CI 1.23 to 1.98; P <0.001), smoking PR =1.21 (95% CI 1.00 to 1.47; P = 0.048), having severe systemic disease PR =1.36 (95% CI 1.14 to 1.64; P = 0.001), and presence of swirl sign PR =2.26 (95% CI 1.29 to 3.95; P = 0.004) were found to be risk factors for EIH among patients with TBI. The Kaplan Meier 16 months mortality was 53.4%, 95% CI= (28.1 to 85.0). At multivariate Cox regression, the predictors of mortality were young age, MAP above 95 mmHg, low GCS, complication such infection, spasticity, wound dehiscence, CSF leaks, having GOS < 3, QoLIBRI < 50, ASDH, contusion, and EIH
Conclusion
EIH is common in Uganda with a prevalence of 59.3% and 53.4 % of the Kaplan Meier mortality. Increased age above 39 years, smoking, having severe systemic disease and presence of swirl sign are risk factors. Old age, MAP above 95 mmHg, low GCS, complication such infection, spasticity, wound dehiscence, CSF leaks, having GOS < 3, QoLIBRI < 50, ASDH, and contusion are predictors of mortality.
Design of internet business English teaching video system based on high-resolution graphics and CNN algorithm
Authors: Yunhui Chen , Bihan Du 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
With the further deepening of world trade, the demand for English learning is growing. The Internet teaching system provides a broader way for English learning. Teaching resources include pictures, videos and other forms. Based on the actual needs of business English, this paper designs an Internet business English teaching system combining machine learning algorithms and high-resolution graphic recognition methods. Based on the B/S three-tier structure, the system includes three main structures: system management, video course management, and system learning function realization, which meet the resource sharing and expansion requirements of the English teaching video system. As the multimedia teaching resources on the teaching platform mainly consist of pictures and videos and students' learning data are rich, this paper uses the hybrid collaborative filtering algorithm to analyze and integrate the data information collected by the teaching system, so as to realize the analysis of students' learning, and further realize personalized teaching. At the same time, the algorithm of convolutional neural network is applied to the image high resolution process of the video teaching system to solve the recognition error caused by the pixel problem of the image. By using interpolation algorithm to reconstruct the image with high resolution, the efficiency of the algorithm is improved and the resources of the teaching system are integrated. Finally, the overall performance of the video teaching system is tested to prove the effectiveness and usability of the model in this paper. Based on this, this paper puts forward some suggestions on the interactive strategies of online business English teaching in the context of the Internet.
Brain Tumour Images Classification Using Support Vector Machine and Pre-Trained Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Kondamuri Hanumantha Rao , Padmanabhuni Venkata Nageswara Rao 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Brain tumour classification allows for successful treatment. The aim of this paper is to identify two categories of brain tumors using a benchmark dataset of Magnetic resonance image (MRI) brain tumor. Due to a lack of huge training data, this paper using data augmentation so that training data is increased. In this aspect, the original images are processed with median filtering and the obtained results are used as total training dataset In this study, we propose a novel method for classifying pictures of brain tumors and cancer using pre-trained convolution neural networks (CNN) and support vector machines (SVM). In this appraoch, the features are derived using two pre-trained convolution neural networks models namely Alexnet and ResNet. Support vector machine (SVM) is used to classify tumor picture after characteristics have been extracted. This paper is addressing issues like: to reduce training time, improve image classification accuracy and prevent over fitting. Instead of training with same dataset, using of segmented images as training data will achieves good performance. We trained our architectures with segmented images and limited pre-processing for three epochs to test classification accuracy and time consumption. The experimental performance attained is 97.34% with transfer learning.
An effective approach for predicting daily stock trading decisions using fuzzy inference systems
Authors: gopal venu , c veeramani , Muruganandan s 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
To be successful in stock trading, it is necessary to predict future market trends. Many professional traders use traditional technical indicators to predict stock prices. In this study, we have developed multiple Fuzzy Inference Systems (FISs) framework which including both fundamental and technical information as a input of the FISs framework for predicting daily trading decision buy, hold, and sell signals in the financial market environment. Test the framework on selected stocks of NASDAQ stock exchange shows that combined the fundamental data of the stocks as input along with the technical data significantly improves the return than that of the system taking only technical information as input data. Further, the proposed FISs frame work and the classical methods such as Relative Strength Index (RSI), Moving Average Convergence and Divergence (MACD), Stochastic Oscillator(SO) and On Balance Volume (OBV) are compared with buy and hold strategy using t-statistics test which shows that the FISs framework significantly outperformed.
Placental infarction with fetal ischemic stroke detected via MRI: a case report and literature review
Authors: Wang Yingchao , Huang Gang , Ba Zhixia , Huang Baosheng , Xia Dong , Luo Jingjiao 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Placental infarction can result from the partial or complete obstruction of the uterine spiral artery, interrupting maternal blood flow and causing progressive villus tissue necrosis. This, in turn, can adversely impact placental transport, endocrine signaling, metabolic activity, and immune function, resulting in severe fetal growth restriction, fetal ischemic stroke, and even stillbirth. Prenatal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can allow clinicians to evaluate the fetus and the structure of the placenta to detect any morphological changes during pregnancy. The present case highlights the advantages of using MRI to diagnose placental and fetal cerebral ischemic lesions, providing clinical guidance to assist with the appropriate management of placental and fetal abnormalities.
Case presentation:
A 33-year-old female who was 26 weeks and 4 days pregnant presented with blood pressure that was elevated for 1 week detected during prenatal examination and was hospitalized for moderate preeclampsia and fetal distress. MRI examination in our hospital revealed placental infarction, fetal acute cerebral ischemic stroke, and intrauterine distress. Pathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of placental infarction, and a male stillbirth was induced by drug treatment/
Conclusion
MRI scans can allow for the qualitative and quantitative diagnosis of circulatory and central nervous system abnormalities in the context of placental disease, providing guidance to support appropriate clinical decision-making and the termination of pregnancy following fetal ischemic stroke.