bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Management of Pterygium Using Autologous Blood for Conjunctival Graft Fixation
Authors: Gupta Anushree , Verma Anil Kumar 
Published: March 2023

Aims and Objectives:
This study aimed to study the efficacy and surgical outcome of using autologous blood for conjunctival autografting in pterygium excision.

Materials and Methods:
A prospective, interventional hospital-based study was carried out over 17 eyes of 17 patients having primary or recurrent pterygium. Pterygium excision followed by conjunctiva autografting was performed in all the patients. Conjunctiva graft was fixed to the host bed using autologous blood which was followed by bandaging for 24 h. The patients were followed up postoperatively on day 1, week 1, week 2, month 1, month 3, and for recurrence up to 6 months. They were examined for any complications or recurrence.

Results:
There were a total of 17 patients, of which 13 were females and 4 were males. The mean age of all the patients was 54.76 ± 8.55 years, range: 41–70 years. Graft-related complication was mild decentration in 1 eye, graft edema in 9 eyes, and lost graft seen in 2 eyes. Recurrence occurred in one eye. No other complication was noted. Good postoperative cosmesis was achieved.

Conclusion:
Fixation of conjunctival autograft using autologous blood in pterygium surgery is a safe and economical method. The main disadvantage of this procedure is the loss of graft that can occur in the immediate postoperative period.
Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine in the environment and aquatic organisms: a review
Authors: Ferreira Marina Tauche , Carvalho Cleoni dos Santos 
Published: March 2023

Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine are aminoquinolines used in the treatment of endemic diseases in Latin America such as malaria and non-endemic with wide prevalence such as rheumatoid arthritis and lupus erythematosus. Described as persistent, bioaccumulative, and dangerous for aquatic biota, chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine are considered emerging pollutants intensified by the COVID-19 pandemic, occurring in low concentrations that are not totally removed in wastewater treatment plants and are not covered by legislation. This article presents a theoretical approach based on literature review following a semi-systematic methodology covering detection strategies of the chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine drugs in effluent and receiving water bodies; estimates of environmental concentrations during the pandemic; methods that use degradation and removal of compounds from water; and toxic effects on aquatic biota. Concentrations previously detected and estimated in the aquatic environment can lead to significant changes in animal physiology analyzed from biomarker changes, behavior and mortality in studies with native and non-native species. Studies are necessary to reproduce and understand possible environmental scenarios adopting the indiscriminate use of drugs to serve as standards for environmentally safe concentrations when there is no specific legislation.
Keywords: COVID-19, emerging pollutants, toxicity.
Hydrologic and hydraulic modeling to assess the efficiency of structural flood control measures: case study of Audi-União District in the city of Curitiba, Brazil
Authors: Cruz Letícia Giese de Andrade , Andrade Fernando Oliveira de , Prestes Márcia Ferreira , Bezerra Stella Maris da Cruz , Polli Simone Aparecida 
Published: March 2023

The objective of this study is to assess the efficiency of flood control measures implemented in the Audi-União District, located on the Iguaçu River floodplain in the city of Curitiba, Brazil, by the application of hydrological-hydraulic modeling using HEC-HMS and HEC-RAS software packages. The scenarios of the years of 2014, 2024 and 2034 with return periods of 10, 25, 50 and 100 years were analyzed. It was observed that the set of hydraulic structures located upstream of Audi-União District can reduce the peak flow at the beginning of the Iguaçu River by 31.4% and the flood area by 35.1%, considering the period of return of 100 years and the land use of 2014. Regarding the measures implemented directly by the Audi-União District, it was observed that the built levee can control floods in the area, except for a small area that is not protected by the levee, in both 2014 and future scenarios. The creation of the Iguaçu Environmental Protection Area and the relocation of families, which were non-structural measures implemented in the region, also proved to be efficient, considering that these areas would suffer from flooding even for rainfall events with a period of return of 10 years.
Keywords: Flood control, HEC-HMS, HEC-RAS.
La pratique du feu de végétation dans la Réserve de Biosphère de la Pendjari (Benin, Afrique de l’Ouest) : fréquence spatio–temporelle et perception locale de l’effet sur la végétation des terroirs riverains
Authors: Houindote Elodiade , Lesse D. Paolo , Houehanou Thierry D. , Habiyaremye François Muhashy , De Bisthoven Luc Janssens , Houinato Marcel B.R. 
Published: March 2023

Les feux de végétation sont des phénomènes complexes nécessitant un suivi régulier. Pour ceci, dans la Réserve de Biosphère de la Pendjari, la fréquence et l’occurrence des feux actifs ont été analysées sur la base des images du capteur MODIS pour une période de 19 ans. En outre, la perception locale des impacts de la répétition du feu précoce sur les espèces végétales a été investiguée auprès de 150 riverains. Les images ont été traitées dans le logiciel ArcGIS pour évaluer l’intensité des feux actifs dans la réserve. Les données d’enquêtes ont été soumises à des Analyses en Composantes Principales et à des analyses de variance. Les résultats montrent que le feu précoce emblave en moyenne annuellement 295103 ha (61,76% de la superficie totale) avec une densité comprise entre 0,03 et 9,98 feux/km². Ce qui confirme la forte utilisation du feu précoce dans la réserve. Selon les enquêtés, cette régularité occasionne à long terme sur la végétation, une diminution de l’abondance des espèces comme Parkia biglobosa et Vitellaria paradoxa. Ces résultats permettront d’apporter une attention particulière à l’étude du lien entre le feu précoce et l’exploitation durable des espèces citées.
Vegetation fires are complex phenomena that require regular monitoring. To this end, in the Pendjari Biosphere Reserve, the frequency and occurrence of active fires were analyzed on the basis of MODIS sensor images for a period of 19 years. In addition, the local perception of the impacts of repeated early fire on plant species was investigated with 150 local residents. Images were processed in ArcGIS software to assess the intensity of active fires in the reserve. Survey data were subjected to Principal Component Analysis and Analysis of Variance. The results show that early fire embraces an average of 295103 ha (61.76% of the total area) annually with a density between 0.03 and 9.98 fires/km². This confirms the high use of early fire in the reserve. According to the respondents, this regularity causes a long-term decrease in the abundance of species such as Parkia biglobosa and Vitellaria paradoxa on the vegetation. These results will allow us to pay particular attention to the study of the link between early fire and the sustainable exploitation of these species.
Ultrasound-guided versus palpation-guided platelet-rich plasma injection for the treatment of chronic lateral epicondylitis: A prospective, randomized study
Authors: Sağlam Gonca , Çetinkaya Alişar Dilek 
Published: March 2023

Objectives: This study aims to compare the effectiveness of palpation-guided and ultrasound (US)-guided platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections in patients with chronic lateral epicondylitis (LE).
Patients and methods: Between January 2021 and August 2021, a total of 60 patients (34 males, 26 females; mean age: 40.5±10.9 years; range, 22 to 64 years) diagnosed with chronic LE were included. The patients were randomly allocated to either the palpation-guided (n=30) or the US-guided injection group (n=30) before they received PRP injection. All patients were assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) scale, and grip strength at baseline and at one, three, and six months after injection.
Results: Baseline sociodemographic and clinical variables were statistically similar between two groups (p>0.05). The VAS and DASH scores improved significantly after the injection at each control, as well as grip strength in both groups (p<0.001). No statistically significant difference was found between the groups regarding VAS and DASH scores, and grip strength at one, three, and six months post-injection (p>0.05). No significant complication related to the injection was observed in any of the groups.
Conclusion: This study demonstrates that both palpation-guided and US-guided PRP injection protocols can improve clinical symptoms and functional parameters of patients with chronic LE.
Quality Control Analysis of Back Lock Product Using Six Sigma Method at PT Artria Widya
Authors: Saputri Annisa Zalna , Azizah Fahriza Nurul 
Published: March 2023

A company intends to make the best quality of its product with the minimum number of product defects. This research was conducted to improve the quality of Back Lock products at PT Artria Widya to reduce the number of product defects produced. The Six Sigma method is a method that can improve the quality of a product, using the DMAIC approach, namely Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control. Based on the results of the research that has been done, it is known that the results of data processing obtained an average DPMO score of 160.179 with a sigma level of 5.12. At the analysis stage carried out using fishbone, there are two types of defects that most often occur, is silver and short. The proposed improvement actions are carried out using the 5W + 1H method which is expected to have zero defects.
Setiap perusahaan pasti menginginkan kualitas produk yang diproduksinya terbaik dengan memiliki jumlah kecacatan produk seminimal mungkin. Penelitian ini dilakukan bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kualitas produk Back Lock di PT Artria Widya untuk mengurangi jumlah cacat produk yang dihasilkan. Metode Six Sigma menjadi salah satu metode yang dapat meningkatkan kualitas mutu suatu produk, dengan pendekatan DMAIC yaitu Define, Measure, Analyze, Improvement, dan Control. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan diketahui bahwa hasil pengolahan data didapatkan skor rata-rata DPMO sebesar 160,179 dengan tingkat sigma 5,12. Pada tahap analisis dilakukan dengan menggunakan fishbone terdapat 2 jenis cacat yang paling sering terjadi yaitu silver dan short. Tindakan usulan perbaikan menggunakan metode 5W+1H yang diharapkan zero defect dapat terjadi.
The Lead-Lag Relationship Between International Food Prices, Freight Rates, and Trinidad and Tobago's Food Inflation: A Support Vector Regression Analysis
Authors: Charles Don 
Published: March 2023

The objective of this study is to empirically investigate: i) the extent in which shipping costs can cause and predict the food inflation in trinidad and tobago (t&t); ii) the extent in which international food prices can drive food inflation in T&T; and iii) the impact of the Russia-Ukraine conflict on food prices in t&t. As a fourth sub-objective, this study seeks to provide policy recommendations to address the food price inflation in t&t. A structural model is sought as it can use information about the past prices of the international food prices and shipping rates to forecast t&t's food price inflation. this study used monthly data on t&t retail price index food subcategory, the FAO Food Price Index (FFPI), and the Freightos Baltic Index over the January 2015 to November 2022 period. the Support Vector Regression (SVR) model was applied and used the FFPI and Freightos Baltic Index as the leading indicators to forecast t&t's food price inflation. this study found that the FAO Food Prices does and the Freightos Baltic Index does have an impact on food prices in t&t. Secondly, based on the FAO index and the Freightos Baltic Index, t&t's food price inflation should be 14.91% lower than its present value. third, in a Markov Switching regression, the war dummy was only significant in the second regime, statistically suggesting that the Russia-Ukraine conflict only had a short term effect on t&t's food prices. this contributed to the literature as it introduced a new test to investigate predictive causality. Policy measures to increase the agriculture output and address the food price inflation in t&t include adopting sustainable farming practices such as integrated pest management and the sustainable water management, and encouraging aquaponics.

Received: 24 February 2023 | Revised: 13 March 2023 | Accepted: 14 March 2023

Conflicts of Interest
The author declares that he has no conflicts of interest to this work.
Sammelklage gegen PSM-Kartell läuft
Authors: Schaal René 
Published: March 2023

Frankfurt a.M. Das Bundeskartellamt hatte Anfang 2020 illegale Preisabsprachen zwischen Agrargroßhändlern aufgedeckt. Seit Mitte 2022 läuft gegen diese eine Sammelklage. Bislang haben sich daran allerdings nur wenige der betroffenen Landwirte beteiligt.
Formulary Management of Targeted Immune Modulators in Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Pant Sirjana , Le Kim , Vannabouathong Chris , Dyrda Peter 
Published: March 2023

Health Canada has approved 7 targeted immune modulators for the treatment of adults with moderate to severe ulcerative colitis, which include 5 biologics (adalimumab, infliximab, golimumab, ustekinumab, and vedolizumab) and 2 small molecules (tofacitinib and ozanimod). Biosimilars for adalimumab and infliximab and generics for tofacitinib are currently available in the Canadian market; however, although their patent protection has expired, there are no biosimilars for golimumab and ustekinumab.
All targeted immune modulators have undergone pan-Canadian Pharmaceutical Alliance negotiations and concluded with a Letter of Intent except for ustekinumab, which is the only targeted immune modulator not included on any public formularies for ulcerative colitis. Coverage is consistent across all drug plans except for golimumab and tofacitinib, which is not covered by all jurisdictions for ulcerative colitis.
Most public drug plans have implemented or have announced a biosimilar policy to promote the use of biosimilars over originator biologics. The listing status for targeted immune modulators in ulcerative colitis is similar across public drug plans; however, there is heterogeneity in criteria requirements for prior treatments and diagnosis definitions.
Considering these factors and the emergence of new data, it would be important to reassess these drugs and evaluate their place in therapy. Further research, such as horizon scanning, utilization analyses, and long-term effectiveness and safety studies, is warranted for targeted immune modulators to ensure the appropriate use of these drugs in the treatment of moderate to severe ulcerative colitis.
Deforestation for agriculture leads to soil warming and enhanced litter decomposition in subarctic soils
Authors: Peplau Tino , Poeplau Christopher , Gregorich Edward , Schroeder Julia 
Published: March 2023

Abstract. The climate-change-induced poleward shift of agriculture could lead to
enforced deforestation of subarctic forest. Deforestation alters the
microclimate and, thus, soil temperature, which is an important driver of
decomposition. The consequences of land-use change on soil temperature and
decomposition in temperature-limited ecosystems are not well understood. In
this study, we buried tea bags together with soil temperature loggers at two
depths (10 and 50 cm) in native subarctic forest soils and adjacent
agricultural land in the Yukon Territory, Canada. A total of 37 plots was
established on a wide range of different soils and resampled after 2 years
to quantify the land-use effect on soil temperature and decomposition of
fresh organic matter. Average soil temperature over the whole soil profile
was 2.1 ± 1.0 and 2.0 ± 0.8 ∘C higher in
cropland and grassland soils compared to forest soils. Cumulative degree
days (the annual sum of daily mean temperatures > 0 ∘C)
increased significantly by 773 ± 243 (cropland) and 670 ± 285
(grassland). Litter decomposition was enhanced by 2.0 ± 10.4 % and
7.5 ± 8.6  % in cropland topsoil and subsoil compared to forest
soils, but no significant difference in decomposition was found between
grassland and forest soils. Increased litter decomposition may be attributed not only
to increased temperature but also to management effects,
such as irrigation of croplands. The results suggest that
deforestation-driven temperature changes exceed the soil temperature
increase that has already been observed in Canada due to climate change. Deforestation
thus amplifies the climate–carbon feedback by increasing soil warming and
organic matter decomposition.
Research on Modeling and Simulation of We-media Brand Equity Growth
Authors: Zhang Jian 
Published: March 2023

With the development of Internet technology, behind the rapid prosperity of We-media is a large number of We-media flash in the pan. How to create brand assets to provide competitive advantages for the sustainable development of We-media has become an urgent problem for profitable We-media. This paper analyzes the growth mechanism of we-media brand equity from the perspective of user's mind, applies system dynamics method to carry out modeling and simulation analysis, and explores the general law of we-media brand equity growth. This paper finds that the external environment and similar We-media have no obvious impact on the growth of We-media brand equity, but brand communication will have a direct positive impact. The research results of this paper can provide ideological inspiration for the brand equity construction of We-media.
Public Servants’ Values and Mental Mediatization – An Empirical Study of Swedish Local Government
Authors: Sandén Johan , Turunen Jaakko 
Published: March 2023

Public servants’ value dispositions is a central theme of inquiry in Public Administration research. Various trends and reforms in the public sector, New Public Management, the audit society, marketisation and mediatization, for example are expected to affect these values. This article analyses whether, and in what ways, mediatization affects public servants’ values. Drawing on survey data from local government officials, we explore the mediatization thesis at the level of individual public servants using the concept of mental mediatization. Regarding their values, we empirically establish a dominance of organizational professionalism rather than democratic professionalism among local government public servants. We then analyze mediatization at the level of individual public servants in local government, in contrast to previous research which has focused on the mediatization of politics and central government. While finding an interesting gap between strong beliefs in, but little self-assessed impact of, mediatization, the article rejects an expected correlation between mental mediatization and public servants’ value dispositions.
METODE PENELITIAN EKSPERIMEN
Authors: ASRIN ASRIN 
Published: March 2023

Penelitian pada dasarnya adalah suatu kegiatan atau proses sistematis untuk memecahkan masalah yang dilakukan dengan menerapkan metode ilmiah. Pendekatan penelitian ada tiga yaitu pendekatan kuantitatif, pendekatan kualitatif dan pendekatan metode gabungan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif. Metode penelitian eksperimen adalah penelitian untuk mengetahui akibat dari perlakuan yang diberikan terhadap suatu hal yang sedang diteliti. Ada delapan jenis-jenis metode penelitian, yaitu : Penelitian dasar, Penelitian terapan, Penelitian pengembangan, Metode survey, Penelitian naturalistic, Metode kuantitatif dan kualitatif, dan Metode penelitian dan pengembangan. Karakteristik penelitian eksperimen yaitu manipulasi, control, dan pengamatan
Dampak Sekolah Oline Terhadap Pembentukan Kepribadian Anak Selama Masa Pandemic Covid-19
Authors: Siregar Sinta Mangihut Oktavia , Widodo J Priyanto 
Published: March 2023

This article contains an explanation of the Covid-19 phenomenon that is able to change various habits in various aspects of life, including the world of education. Schools that usually use the offline system in their teaching experience changes related to teaching methods, teaching time and le nn arning evaluation. Changes in the school system also bring changes to the growth and development of children's personalities. This article collects data using a descriptive qualitative method approach, a descriptive qualitative method, namely explaining data based on a currently developing phenomenon, namely the Covid-19 phenomenon. The result of this article is that online schools have a positive and negative impact on the growth and development of children's personalities, from the positive side children become more independent, responsible and conscientious with their school life, while the negative side is that children become more indifferent, selfish, temperamental and self-centered. rough.AbstrakArtikel ini berisikan penjelasan akan fenomena covid-19 yang mampu merubah berbagai kebiasan di berbagai sisi kehidupan tidak terkecuali pada dunia pendidikan. Sekolah yang biasa menggunakan sistem offline dalam pengajarannya mengalami perubahan terkait metode pengajaran, waktu pengajaran dan evaluasi belajar. Perubahan sistem sekolah ini juga membawa perubahan bagi pertumbuhan dan perkembangan kepribadian anak-anak. Artikel ini dalam mengumpulkan data-data dilakukan dengan pendekatan metode kualitatif deskriptif, metode kualitatif deskriptif yaitu menjelaskan data-data berdasarkan fenomena yang sekarang berkembang yaitu fenomena covid-19. Hasil dari artikel ini adalah sekolah online membawa pengaruh postif dan negatif bagi pertumbuhan dan perkembangan kepribadian anak – anak, dari sisi positif anak menjadi lebih mandiri, bertanggung jawab dan teliti dengan kehidupan sekolahnya sedangkan sisi negatifnya anak menjadi pribadi yang lebih cuek, egois, tempramen dan kasar.