bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An elevated parametric thyroid feedback quantile-based index is associated with atrial fibrillation
Authors: Alonso-Ventura Vanesa , Campos-Magallon Patricia , Moreno-Franco Belen , Calmarza Pilar , Calvo-Gracia Fernando , Lou-Bonafonte Jose Manuel , de Diego-Garcia Patricia , Casasnovas Jose Antonio , Marco-Benedi Victoria , Civeira Fernando , Laclaustra Martin 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionAtrial fibrillation is associated with hyperthyroidism. Within the euthyroid range, it is also associated with high thyroxine (fT4), but not with thyrotropin (TSH). We aim to describe differences in thyroid regulation, measured by the Parametric Thyroid Feedback Quantile-Based Index (PTFQI), between patients with atrial fibrillation and the general population.Materials and methodsThyroid parameters (PTFQI, TSH, and fT4) of a sample of 84 euthyroid subjects with atrial fibrillation (cases) were compared to a reference sample of euthyroid healthcare patients (controls). We calculated age and sex adjusted ORs for atrial fibrillation across tertiles of these parameters. Also, within cases, we studied thyroid parameters association with clinical characteristics of the atrial fibrillation.ResultsAfter adjusting for age and sex, fT4 and PTFQI were higher in subjects with atrial fibrillation when compared to the general sample (p&lt;0.01 and p=0.01, respectively). Atrial fibrillation ORs of the third versus the first PTFQI tertile was 1.88(95%CI 1.07,3.42), and there was a gradient across tertiles (p trend=0.02). Among atrial fibrillation patients, we observed that higher PTFQI was associated with sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome (OSAS) (p=0.03), higher fT4 was associated with the presence of an arrhythmogenic trigger (p=0.02) and with heart failure (p&lt;0.01), and higher TSH was also associated with OSAS (p&lt;0.01).ConclusionsEuthyroid subjects with atrial fibrillation have an elevation of the pituitary TSH-inhibition threshold, measured by PTFQI, with respect to the general population. Within atrial fibrillation patients, high PTFQI was associated with OSAS, and high fT4 with heart failure. These results hint of the existence of a relationship between thyroid regulation and atrial fibrillation.
Diet was less significant than physical activity in the prognosis of people with sarcopenia and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver diseases: Analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III
Authors: Yi Yun , Wang Chun , Ding Yang , He JiangHua , Lv YuQing , Chang Ying 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundSarcopenia is prevalent in metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver diseases (MAFLD), and the primary treatment for both diseases is lifestyle modification. We studied how dietary components and physical activity affect individuals with sarcopenia and MAFLD.Materials and methodsWe conducted a study utilizing National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) III (1988–1994) data with Linked Mortality file (through 2019). The diagnosis of fatty liver disease (FLD) was based on ultrasound images revealing moderate and severe steatosis. Using bioelectrical measures, sarcopenia was assessed. Using self-report data, dietary intake and physical activity levels were evaluated.ResultsAmong 12,259 participants, 2,473 presented with MAFLD, and 290 of whom had sarcopenia. Higher levels of physical activity (odds ratio [OR] = 0.51 [0.36–0.95]) and calorie (OR = 0.58 [0.41–0.83]) intake reduced the likelihood of sarcopenia in MAFLD patients. During a median follow-up period of 15.3 years, 1,164 MAFLD and 181 MAFLD patients with sarcopenia perished. Increased activity levels improved the prognosis of patients with sarcopenia (Insufficiently active, HR = 0.75 [0.58–0.97]; Active, HR = 0.64 [0.48–0.86]), which was particularly pronounced in older patients.ConclusionIn the general population, hyperglycemia was highly related to MAFLD prognosis. Physical inactivity and a protein-restricted diet corresponded to sarcopenia, with physical inactivity being connected to poor outcomes. Adding protein supplements would be beneficial for older people with sarcopenia who are unable to exercise due to frailty, while the survival benefits were negligible.
Understanding the states and dynamics of mangrove forests in land cover transitions of The Gambia using a Fourier transformation of Landsat and MODIS time series in Google Earth Engine
Authors: Liman Harou Issoufou , Inyele Julliet , Minang Peter , Duguma Lalisa 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionMangroves are resilient forests of transitional zones between land, ocean and freshwater for they are tolerant to salinity. In The Gambia, mangrove forests are found along the coast of Atlantic Ocean and River Gambia where they support the livelihoods of millions through multiple ecosystems services. Despite their importance in The Gambia, consistent country-wide information on their coverage, dynamics and change hotspots are lacking. Thus far, it remains unclear whether the coverage of mangroves has decreased or increased over the last few decades. Often, the existing estimates vary strongly across sources and the methodologies in the available literature are not always reproducible. This study attempts to fill these gaps by providing up-to-date spatial information on mangrove forests in The Gambia.MethodsTo provide a reproducible workflow and a comprehensive assessment, we used continuous time series of freely available data to study the extent and dynamics of mangrove forests in The Gambia. To construct gap-free image time series, we used statistical models to describe land surface phenology based on monthly composites derived from Landsat and MODIS land surface reflectance acquired between 2000 and 2020. We used 1212 Landsat and 407 MODIS tiles spread across multiple spectral indices along with a calibrated set of training and validation data to train and validate a random forest classifier for accurate land cover classifications.Results and discussionThe overall accuracy and Kappa statistics of the classifications range between 0.96 and 0.98. Our findings suggest a net increase of 4,000 ha in mangrove forests over the last 2 decades, corresponding to an annual rate of 200 ha. The net increase is largely due to strong policy making which results in participative forest resource management through the national forest action plan. The net increase in mangrove forests should not mask the substantial degradation in some places across the country. We estimated a total loss of nearly 5,670 ha, most of which appears to have taken place during the last decade in favor of wetlands. The Gambian mangroves are amongst the most promising green business in Gulf of Guinea, deserving an integrated governance - policy framework that address the key requirements for ecological sustainability.
ChIP-seq profiling of H3K4me3 and H3K27me3 in an invasive insect, Bactroceradorsalis
Authors: Zhao Yan , Hu Juntao , Wu Jiajiao , Li Zhihong 
Published: February 2023

Introduction: While it has been suggested that histone modifications can facilitate animal responses to rapidly changing environments, few studies have profiled whole-genome histone modification patterns in invasive species, leaving the regulatory landscape of histone modifications in invasive species unclear.Methods: Here, we screen genome-wide patterns of two important histone modifications, trimethylated Histone H3 Lysine 4 (H3K4me3) and trimethylated Histone H3 Lysine 27 (H3K27me3), in adult thorax muscles of a notorious invasive pest, the Oriental fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) (Diptera: Tephritidae), using Chromatin Immunoprecipitation with high-throughput sequencing (ChIP-seq).Results: We identified promoters featured by the occupancy of H3K4me3, H3K27me3 or bivalent histone modifications that were respectively annotated with unique genes key to muscle development and structure maintenance. In addition, we found H3K27me3 occupied the entire body of genes, where the average enrichment was almost constant. Transcriptomic analysis indicated that H3K4me3 is associated with active gene transcription, and H3K27me3 is mostly associated with transcriptional repression. Importantly, we identified genes and putative motifs modified by distinct histone modification patterns that may possibly regulate flight activity.Discussion: These findings provide the first evidence of histone modification signature in B. dorsalis, and will be useful for future studies of epigenetic signature in other invasive insect species.
Ninety-six–hour starved peripheral blood mononuclear cell supernatant inhibited LA7 breast cancer stem cells induced tumor via reduction in angiogenesis and alternations in Gch1 and Spr expressions
Authors: Mehri Maryam , Gheitasi Reza , Pourbagher Roghayeh , Ranaee Mohammad , Nayeri Kosar , Rahimi Seyed Mostafa , Khorasani Hamid Reza , Hossein-Nattaj Hadi , Sabour Davood , Akhavan-Niaki Haleh , Fattahi Sadegh , Kalali Behnam , Mostafazadeh Amrollah 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionThe microenvironment of solid tumors such as breast cancer is heterogeneous and complex, containing different types of cell, namely, cancer stem cells and immune cells. We previously reported the immunoregulatory behavior of the human immune cell in a solid tumor microenvironment-like culture under serum starvation stress for 96 h. Here, we examined the effect of this culture-derived solution on breast cancer development in rats.MethodNinety-six–hour starved PBMCs supernatant (96 h-SPS) was collected after culturing human PBMCs for 96 h under serum starvation condition. Breast cancer stem cells, LA7 cell line, was used for in vitro study by analyzing gene expression status and performing cytotoxicity, proliferation, scratch wound healing assays, followed by in vivo tumor induction in three groups of mature female Sprague Dawley rats. Animals were treated with 96 h-SPS or RPMI and normal saline as control, n = 6 for each group. After biochemical analysis of iron, lactate, and pH levels in the dissected tumors, Ki67 antigen expression, angiogenesis, and necrosis evaluation were carried out. Metabolic-related gene expression was assessed using RT-qPCR. Moreover, 96 h-SPS composition was discovered by Nano-LC-ESI-MS/MS.Results96 h-SPS solution reduced the LA7 cell viability, proliferation, and migration and Gch1 and Spr genes expression in vitro (p&lt; 0.05), whereas stemness gene Oct4 was upregulated (p&lt; 0.01). The intracellular lactate was significantly decreased in the 96 h-SPS treated group (p = 0.007). In this group, Gch1 and Spr were significantly downregulated (p&lt; 0.05), whereas the Sox2 and Oct4 expression was not changed significantly. The number of vessels and mitosis (Ki67+ cells) in the 96 h-SPS–treated group was significantly reduced (p = 0.024). The increased rate of necrosis in this group was statistically significant (p = 0.04). Last, proteomics analysis revealed candidate effectors’ components of 96 h-SPS solution.Conclusion96 h-SPS solution may help to prevent cancer stem cell mediated tumor development. This phenomenon could be mediated through direct cytotoxic effects, inhibition of cell proliferation and migration in association with reduction in Gch1 and Spr genes expression, angiogenesis and mitosis rate, and necrosis augmentation. The preliminary data obtained from the present study need to be investigated on a larger scale and can be used as a pilot for further studies on the biology of cancer development.
The effect of sodium thiosulfate on immune cell metabolism during porcine hemorrhage and resuscitation
Authors: Wolfschmitt Eva-Maria , Hogg Melanie , Vogt Josef Albert , Zink Fabian , Wachter Ulrich , Hezel Felix , Zhang Xiaomin , Hoffmann Andrea , Gröger Michael , Hartmann Clair , Gässler Holger , Datzmann Thomas , Merz Tamara , Hellmann Andreas , Kranz Christine , Calzia Enrico , Radermacher Peter , Messerer David Alexander Christian 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionSodium thiosulfate (Na2S2O3), an H2S releasing agent, was shown to be organ-protective in experimental hemorrhage. Systemic inflammation activates immune cells, which in turn show cell type-specific metabolic plasticity with modifications of mitochondrial respiratory activity. Since H2S can dose-dependently stimulate or inhibit mitochondrial respiration, we investigated the effect of Na2S2O3 on immune cell metabolism in a blinded, randomized, controlled, long-term, porcine model of hemorrhage and resuscitation. For this purpose, we developed a Bayesian sampling-based model for 13C isotope metabolic flux analysis (MFA) utilizing 1,2-13C2-labeled glucose, 13C6-labeled glucose, and 13C5-labeled glutamine tracers.MethodsAfter 3 h of hemorrhage, anesthetized and surgically instrumented swine underwent resuscitation up to a maximum of 68 h. At 2 h of shock, animals randomly received vehicle or Na2S2O3 (25 mg/kg/h for 2 h, thereafter 100 mg/kg/h until 24 h after shock). At three time points (prior to shock, 24 h post shock and 64 h post shock) peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and granulocytes were isolated from whole blood, and cells were investigated regarding mitochondrial oxygen consumption (high resolution respirometry), reactive oxygen species production (electron spin resonance) and fluxes within the metabolic network (stable isotope-based MFA).ResultsPBMCs showed significantly higher mitochondrial O2 uptake and lower O2•− production in comparison to granulocytes. We found that in response to Na2S2O3 administration, PBMCs but not granulocytes had an increased mitochondrial oxygen consumption combined with a transient reduction of the citrate synthase flux and an increase of acetyl-CoA channeled into other compartments, e.g., for lipid biogenesis.ConclusionIn a porcine model of hemorrhage and resuscitation, Na2S2O3 administration led to increased mitochondrial oxygen consumption combined with stimulation of lipid biogenesis in PBMCs. In contrast, granulocytes remained unaffected. Granulocytes, on the other hand, remained unaffected. O2•− concentration in whole blood remained constant during shock and resuscitation, indicating a sufficient anti-oxidative capacity. Overall, our MFA model seems to be is a promising approach for investigating immunometabolism; especially when combined with complementary methods.
Interleukin-3 protects against viral pneumonia in sepsis by enhancing plasmacytoid dendritic cell recruitment into the lungs and T cell priming
Authors: Bénard Alan , Hansen Frederik J. , Uhle Florian , Klösch Bettina , Czubayko Franziska , Mittelstädt Anke , Jacobsen Anne , David Paul , Podolska Malgorzata J. , Anthuber Anna , Swierzy Izabela , Schaack Dominik , Mühl-Zürbes Petra , Steinkasserer Alexander , Weyand Michael , Weigand Markus A. , Brenner Thorsten , Krautz Christian , Grützmann Robert , Weber Georg F. 
Published: February 2023

RationaleSepsis, a global health burden, is often complicated by viral infections leading to increased long-term morbidity and mortality. Interleukin-3 (IL-3) has been identified as an important mediator amplifying acute inflammation in sepsis; however, its function in the host response to viral infections during sepsis remains elusive.ObjectivesTo investigate the role of IL-3 during viral pneumonia in sepsis.MethodsWe included septic patients from two different cohorts and used in vitro and in vivo assays. The obtained data were substantiated using a second model (SARS-CoV-2 infections).Measurements and main resultsLow plasma IL-3 levels were associated with increased herpes simplex virus (HSV) airway infections in septic patients, resulting in reduced overall survival. Likewise, Il-3-deficient septic mice were more susceptible to pulmonary HSV-1 infection and exhibited higher pulmonary inflammation than control mice. Mechanistically, IL-3 increases innate antiviral immunity by promoting the recruitment of circulating plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) into the airways and by enhancing pDC-mediated T cell activation upon viral stimulation. Interestingly, the ability of IL-3 to improve adaptive immunity was confirmed in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infections.ConclusionOur study identifies IL-3 as a predictive disease marker for viral reactivation in sepsis and reveals that IL-3 improves antiviral immunity by enhancing the recruitment and the function of pDCs.
NLRP6 deficiency expands a novel CD103+ B cell population that confers immune tolerance in NOD mice
Authors: Pearson James A. , Peng Jian , Huang Juan , Yu Xiaoqing , Tai Ningwen , Hu Youjia , Sha Sha , Flavell Richard A. , Zhao Hongyu , Wong F. Susan , Wen Li 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionGut microbiota have been linked to modulating susceptibility to Type 1 diabetes; however, there are many ways in which the microbiota interact with host cells, including through microbial ligand binding to intracellular inflammasomes (large multi-subunit proteins) to initiate immune responses. NLRP6, a microbe-recognizing inflammasome protein, is highly expressed by intestinal epithelial cells and can alter susceptibility to cancer, obesity and Crohn’s disease; however, the role of NLRP6 in modulating susceptibility to autoimmune diabetes, was previously unknown.MethodsWe generated NLRP6-deficient Non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice to study the effect of NLRP6-deficiency on the immune cells and susceptibility to Type 1 diabetes development.ResultsNLRP6-deficient mice exhibited an expansion of CD103+ B cells and were protected from type 1 diabetes. Moreover, NLRP6-deficient CD103+ B cells express regulatory markers, secreted higher concentrations of IL-10 and TGFb1 cytokines and suppressed diabetogenic T cell proliferation, compared to NLRP6-sufficient CD103+ B cells. Microarray analysis of NLRP6-sufficient and -deficient CD103+ B cells identified 79 significantly different genes including genes regulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), tretinoin, IL-10 and TGFb, which was confirmed in vitro following LPS stimulation. Furthermore, microbiota from NLRP6-deficient mice induced CD103+ B cells in colonized NLRP6-sufficient germ-free mice; however, the long-term maintenance of the CD103+ B cells required the absence of NLRP6 in the hosts, or continued exposure to microbiota from NLRP6-deficient mice.DiscussionTogether, our data indicate that NLRP6 deficiency promotes expansion and maintenance of a novel TGF -dependent CD103+ Breg population. Thus, targeting NLRP6 therapeutically may prove clinically useful.
Efficacy of acupuncture in patients with mild Alzheimer’s disease and its impact on gut microbiota: Study protocol for a randomized sham-controlled trial
Authors: Kong Xiehe , Ma Zhao , Tang Ran , Wang Xuejun , Wei Kai , Yang Guang , Yang Yanting , Zhao Yue , Zhang Dan , Xie Chen , Wang Gang , Ma Xiaopeng 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionAcupuncture is used as an adjuvant therapy for Alzheimer’s disease (AD), but available evidence for efficacy is limited so far. Growing studies suggest that resident gut microbiota contributes to the development and progression of AD. Meanwhile, acupuncture is reported to treat gastrointestinal and neurodegenerative disorders via the gut-brain axis. Therefore, our aim is to confirm the adjunctive therapeutic effects of acupuncture for AD, and explore the relationship between clinical efficacy and shifts of gut microbiota.Methods and analysisThis is a randomized, participant-masked, sham-controlled trial. One hundred and sixty participants with mild AD will be randomly assigned (1:1) to either active acupuncture or non-penetrating sham acupuncture (three times weekly for 14 weeks) added to donepezil treatment (5 mg per day for 28 weeks). The primary efficacy outcome is the change from baseline to week 28 in the Alzheimer’s disease Assessment Scale (ADAS-cog12). Secondary efficacy outcomes include other assessments of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Alzheimer’s disease Cooperative Study-Activities of Daily Living (ADCS-ADL), and Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI). Gut microbiota will be measured using 16S rRNA tag sequencing.DiscussionThis rigorous trial will provide high-quality evidence on the efficacy of acupuncture as adjunctive treatment for mild AD, and identify the possible mechanisms of acupuncture from gut microbiota.Clinical Trial Registration[https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05078944], ClinicalTrials.gov [NCT05078944]. Registered 15 October 2021
A bibliometric analysis of the theme trends and knowledge structures of pulmonary embolism from 2017 to 2021
Authors: Fan Jingjing , Xu Xiaoman , Zhao Li 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundPulmonary embolism (PE) is a popular area of research in the field of respiratory medicine. We performed a bibliometric analysis based on PubMed database to characterize the distribution pattern of literature and knowledge structures related to PE.MethodsLiterature pertaining to PE from January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2021, was retrieved from the PubMed database. Bibliographic information was generated using the Bibliographic Item Co-Occurrence Matrix Builder (BICOMB). The visualization matrix was established using gCLUTO software. Strategic diagram analysis was performed using GraphPad Prism 9 software. Social network analysis (SNA) was generated using Ucinet6.0 and NetDraw 2.084 software.ResultsOut of all the retrieved MeSH terms and subheadings, 52 MeSH terms/MeSH subheadings with a high frequency were found, and hot subjects were sorted into 6 clusters. The strategy diagram showed that the epidemiology, etiology, and drug therapy of PE were well advanced. In contrast, studies on diagnostic imaging, pathology, and complications of PE were still immature and offered potential research space. Social network analysis showed that marginal topics such as surgical treatment of pulmonary hypertension, prevention and control of postoperative complications, and metabolism and analysis of fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products were emerging research hotspots.ConclusionObjective analysis of the research developments in the field of PE can provide intuitive knowledge structure for researchers and clinicians. Analysis of the research hotspots related to PE is helpful for researchers and clinicians by highlighting future research directions.