bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pseudogap formation due to charge-transfer transition and Kondo effect
Authors: Koikegami Shigeru 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We investigate the doping evolution of the electronic state of the three-band t-J-U model considering the normal state of the hole-doped high-

T

c

superconducting cuprate. In our model, when some number of holes are doped into the undoped state, the d electron exhibits the charge-transfer (CT)-type Mott-Hubbard transition along with a chemical potential jump. A reduced CT gap is formed from the p band and the coherent component of the d band, and it shrinks due to charge fluctuations as more holes are doped as in the pseudogap (PG) phenomenon. This trend is reinforced as the d-p band hybridization is increased, and a Fermi liquid state is retrieved as in the Kondo effect. These suggest that the PG in the hole-doped cuprate emerges due to the CT transition and the Kondo effect.
Study on the performance of novel nanomaterials for detection of biomarkers such as PCT based on immunochromatography sensitivity
Authors: Jiao Feiyan , Song Bailing , Wang Lei , Zhou Hao , Zhou Xuelei , Liu Tingwei , Li Xinxia , Li Jiutong 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In this study, by comparing the UV–vis spectral characteristics of colloidal gold and colloidal gold enhancer, and their differences as immunochromatographic tracers in the qualitative detection of PCT, IL-6, Hp and quantitative determination of PCT performance, the factors that may affect the sensitivity were discussed. The results show that the absorbance at 520 nm of CGE diluted 20-fold and colloidal gold diluted 2-fold were comparable, and the sensitivity of CGE immunoprobe for qualitative detection of PCT, IL-6 and Hp was higher than that of colloidal gold immunoprobe, and the reproducibility and accuracy of both immunoprobes for quantitative detection of PCT were good. Indicating that the high sensitivity of CGE immunoprobe detection is mainly due to the absorption coefficient of CGE at 520 nm is about 10 times that of colloidal gold immunoprobe, CGE has stronger light absorption capacity and stronger quenching effect on rhodamine 6 G on the nitrocellulose membrane surface of the test strip.
Research advances in ZnO nanomaterials-based UV photode tectors: a review
Authors: Hu Jinning , Chen Jun , Ma Teng , Li Zhenhua , Hu J , Ma T , Li Z 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Ultraviolet photodetectors (UV PDs) have always been the research focus of semiconductor optoelectronic devices due to their wide application fields and diverse compositions. As one of the best-known n-type metal oxides in third-generation semiconductor electronic devices, ZnO nanostructures and their assembly with other materials have received extensive research. In this paper, the research progress of different types of ZnO UV PDs is reviewed, and the effects of different nanostructures on ZnO UV PDs are summarized in detail. In addition, physical effects such as piezoelectric photoelectric effect, pyroelectric effect, and three ways of heterojunction, noble metal local surface plasmon resonance enhancement and formation of ternary metal oxides on the performance of ZnO UV PDs were also investigated. The applications of these PDs in UV sensing, wearable devices, and optical communication are displayed. Finally, the possible opportunities and challenges for the future development of ZnO UV PDs are prospected.
Spiking and bursting discharge behaviors in a memristor-based oscillator: analysis and circuit implementation
Authors: Zhenlong Song , Biyun Shen , Yuyan Zhang , Shaohui Yan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In this study, a voltage-controlled memristor was designed and connected in parallel with an inductor-capacitor to form an oscillator circuit. The memristor, as a natural electronic equivalent for building biological neurons, enabled this oscillator circuit to simulate the four types of firing patterns generated by neurons. By means of a two-parameter scan, a dynamic map of the discharges was created, allowing a more efficient dynamic analysis of the field, and the results were compared with the potassium-sodium ion model of the neuron. The analysis of the stability of the equilibrium point allowed a better understanding of the complex discharge mechanisms generated by the system. The results of the hardware tests and the numerical analysis were in agreement.
Dual-frequency anti-nonlinear sound-absorbing metasurface via multilayer nested microslit resonators
Authors: Sun Wei , Li Li , Chu Zhigang 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We propose a dual-frequency anti-nonlinear sound-absorbing metasurface (DASM) based on multilayer nested microslit resonators. Under the assumption of a linear system, the theoretical acoustic impedance of the DASM is derived by the transfer matrix method. Furthermore, the influence of structural parameters on sound absorption is also explored. The numerical and experimental results show that the proposed DASM can achieve quasi-perfect sound absorption at two low frequencies corresponding to the first two orders of the acoustic cavity mode frequencies of the structural unit, and enjoys strong anti-nonlinear performance and robustness to incident angles.
Prospects for LISA to detect a gravitational-wave background from first order phase transitions
Authors: Boileau Guillaume , Christensen Nelson , Gowling Chloe , Hindmarsh Mark , Meyer Renate 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
First order phase transitions in the early universe could produce a gravitational-wave
background that might be detectable by the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA). Such an
observation would provide evidence for physics beyond the Standard Model. We study the ability of
LISA to observe a gravitational-wave background from phase transitions in the presence of an
extragalactic foreground from binary black hole mergers throughout the universe, a galactic
foreground from white dwarf binaries, and LISA noise. Modelling the phase transition gravitational
wave background as a double broken power law, we use the deviance information criterion as a
detection statistic, and Fisher matrix and Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods to assess the
measurement accuracy of the parameters of the power spectrum. While estimating all the parameters
associated with the gravitational-wave backgrounds, foregrounds, and LISA noise, we find that LISA
could detect a gravitational-wave background from phase transitions with a peak frequency of 1 mHz and normalized energy density amplitude of Ωp ≃ 3 × 10-11. With Ωp ≃ 10-10, the signal is detectable if the peak frequency is in the range 4 ×
10-4 to 9 × 10-3 Hz, and the peak amplitude and frequency can be estimated to an
accuracy of 10% to 1%.
A continuous constraint satisfaction problem for the rigidity transition in confluent tissues
Authors: Urbani Pierfrancesco 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Models of confluent tissues are built out of tessellations of the space (both in two and three dimensions) in which the cost function is constructed in such a way that individual cells try to optimize their volume and surface in order to reach a target shape. At zero temperature, many of these models exhibit a rigidity transition that separates two phases: a liquid phase and a solid (glassy) phase. This phenomenology is now well established but the theoretical understanding is still not complete. In this work we consider an exactly soluble mean field model for the rigidity transition which is based on an abstract mapping. We replace volume and surface functions by random non-linear functions of a large number of degrees of freedom forced to be on a compact phase space. We then seek for a configuration of the degrees of freedom such that these random non-linear functions all attain the same value. This target value is a control parameter and plays the role of the target cell shape in biological tissue models. Therefore we map the microscopic models of cells to a random continuous constraint satisfaction problem with equality constraints. We argue that at zero temperature, the rigidity transition corresponds to the satisfiability transition of the problem. We also characterize both the satisfiable (SAT) and unsatisfiable (UNSAT) phase. In the SAT phase, before reaching the rigidity transition, the zero temperature SAT landscape undergoes an replica symmetry breaking (RSB)/ergodicity breaking transition of the same type as the Gardner transition in amorphous solids. By solving the RSB equations we compute the SAT/UNSAT threshold and the critical behavior around it. In the UNSAT phase we also compute the average shape index as a function of the target one and we compare the thermodynamical solution of the model with the results of the numerical greedy minimization of the corresponding cost function.
High-order harmonic generation in uniformly distributed topological edge states
Authors: Li Xiaoxue , Gu Bing , Rui Guanghao , He Jun , Cui Yiping , Zhan Qiwen 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Second-harmonic generation and third-harmonic generation have been widely investigated in nonlinear topological photonics. However, due to the weak nonlinear effect and the strict phase matching condition, it is a challenge to observe the high-order harmonic generation in general bulky or periodic structures. In this work, through the design of a binary one-dimensional photonic crystal, we obtain the topological edge states (TESs) with equal frequency spacing based on the electro-optic modulation effect. The designed structure has generated the high-order harmonic waves with the nonlinear effect excited by intense femtosecond laser pulses. The uniformly distributed TESs satisfy the request of phase matching. The nonlinear sum-frequency effect combined with the unique TESs leads to high-order harmonic waves. The presented work provides a feasible scheme to generate the high-order harmonic waves from the simple 1D structure.
Photon superbunching in cathodoluminescence of excitons in WS2monolayer
Authors: Fiedler Saskia , Morozov Sergii , Iliushyn Leonid , Boroviks Sergejs , Thomaschewski Martin , Wang Jianfang , Booth Timothy J , Stenger Nicolas , Wolff Christian , Mortensen N Asger 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCathodoluminescence spectroscopy in conjunction with second-order auto-correlation measurements ofg2(τ)allows to extensively study the synchronization of photon emitters in low-dimensional structures. Co-existing excitons in two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers provide a great source of identical photon emitters which can be simultaneously excited by an electron. Here, we demonstrate large photon bunching withg2(0)up to156±16of a tungsten disulfide monolayer (WS2), exhibiting a strong dependence on the electron-beam current. To further improve the excitation synchronization and the electron-emitter interaction, we show exemplary that the careful selection of a simple and compact geometry—a thin, monocrystalline gold nanodisk—can be used to realize a record-high bunchingg2(0)of up to2152±236. This approach to control the electron excitation of excitons in a WS2monolayer allows for the synchronization of photon emitters in an ensemble, which is important to further advance light information and computing technologies.
Machine learning methods reveal processes affecting abundance at multiple scales. A commentary on ‘Global and regional drivers of abundance patterns in the hart’s tongue fern complex (Aspleniaceae)’
Authors: Nitta Joel H 
Published: February 2023

This article comments on:
Namjoo Heo, Donald J. Leopold, Mark V. Lomolino, Seona Yun and Danilo D. Fernando. Global and regional drivers of abundance patterns in the hart’s tongue fern complex (Aspleniaceae), Annals of Botany, Volume 131, Issue 5, 11 April 2023, Pages 737–750, https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcac129
Fine temporal brain network structure modularizes and localizes differently in men and women: insights from a novel explainability framework
Authors: Lewis Noah , Miller Robyn , Gazula Harshvardhan , Calhoun Vince 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Deep learning has become an effective tool for classifying biological sex based on functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). However, research on what features within the brain are most relevant to this classification is still lacking. Model interpretability has become a powerful way to understand “black box” deep-learning models, and select features within the input data that are most relevant to the correct classification. However, very little work has been done employing these methods to understand the relationship between the temporal dimension of functional imaging signals and the classification of biological sex. Consequently, less attention has been paid to rectifying problems and limitations associated with feature explanation models, e.g. underspecification and instability. In this work, we first provide a methodology to limit the impact of underspecification on the stability of the measured feature importance. Then, using intrinsic connectivity networks from fMRI data, we provide a deep exploration of sex differences among functional brain networks. We report numerous conclusions, including activity differences in the visual and cognitive domains and major connectivity differences.
Can an operation provide superior outcomes for corrected transposition of the great arteries with left ventricular outflow tract obstruction? A multi-institutional study
Authors: Liu Rui , Luo Kai , Chen Xinxin , Ma Kai , Zhang Hao , Li Shoujun 
Published: February 2023

AbstractOBJECTIVESOur goal was to evaluate the risk-adjusted effects of operative and non-operative repair on long-term outcomes in patients with congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries and left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (CCTGA/LVOTO).METHODSWe retrospectively reviewed 391 patients with CCTGA/LVOTO from 2001 to 2020 (operative group, 282; non-operative group, 109) in 3 centres in China. The operative group included 73 patients who underwent anatomical repair and 209 patients who underwent non-anatomical repair. The median follow-up time was 8.5 years. The inverse probability of treatment weighted-adjusted Cox regression and a Kaplan–Meier analysis were used to evaluate long-term outcomes.RESULTSOperative repair did not reduce the hazard ratio (HR) of death, tricuspid regurgitation or New York Heart Association functional class III/IV, but a significantly increased HR was observed for pulmonary valve regurgitation [HR, 2.84; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.10–7.33; P = 0.031]. Compared with that in the non-operative group, anatomical repair resulted in significantly increased HRs for death (HR, 2.94; 95% CI, 1.10–7.87; P = 0.032) and pulmonary valve regurgitation (HR, 9.71; 95% CI, 3.66–25.77; P &lt; 0.001). Subgroup analysis showed that in patients with CCTGA/LVOTO with moderate or worse tricuspid regurgitation (≥ moderate), anatomical repair significantly reduced the HR of death. An inverse probability of treatment weighting-adjusted Kaplan–Meier analysis showed that the survival rates at 5 and 10 days postoperatively were 88.2 ± 4.0% and 79.0 ± 7.9%, respectively, in the anatomical repair group; these rates were significantly lower than the rates in the non-operative group (95.4 ± 2.0% and 91.8 ± 2.8%; P = 0.032).CONCLUSIONSFor patients with CCTGA/LVOTO, operative repair does not provide superior long-term outcomes, and anatomical repair results in a higher incidence of death. However, in patients with CCTGA/LVOTO with tricuspid regurgitation ≥ moderate, anatomical repair can reduce the risk of death in the long term.
A sexually selected male weapon characterized by strong additive genetic variance and no evidence for sexually antagonistic polyphenic maintenance
Authors: Parrett Jonathan M , Łukasiewicz Aleksandra , Chmielewski Sebastian , Szubert-Kruszyńska Agnieszka , Maurizio Paul L , Grieshop Karl , Radwan Jacek 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Sexual selection and sexual antagonism are important drivers of eco-evolutionary processes. The evolution of traits shaped by these processes depends on their genetic architecture, which remains poorly studied. Here, implementing a quantitative genetics approach using diallel crosses of the bulb mite, Rhizoglyphus robini, we investigated the genetic variance that underlies a sexually selected weapon that is dimorphic among males and female fecundity. Previous studies indicated that a negative genetic correlation between these two traits likely exists. We found male morph showed considerable additive genetic variance, which is unlikely to be explained solely by mutation-selection balance, indicating the likely presence of large-effect loci. However, a significant magnitude of inbreeding depression also indicates that morph expression is likely to be condition-dependent to some degree and that deleterious recessives can simultaneously contribute to morph expression. Female fecundity also showed a high degree of inbreeding depression, but the variance in female fecundity was mostly explained by epistatic effects, with very little contribution from additive effects. We found no significant genetic correlation, nor any evidence for dominance reversal, between male morph and female fecundity. The complex genetic architecture underlying male morph and female fecundity in this system has important implications for our understanding of the evolutionary interplay between purifying selection and sexually antagonistic selection.
Facilitators of peer leader retention within a Type 2 diabetes intervention trial for US Latinos/Hispanics of Mexican origin
Authors: Ayala G X , Canale K , Ibarra L , Parada H , Crespo N C , Pérez R , Horton L A , Cherrington A 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Peer support is effective in improving self-management behaviors and health outcomes among individuals with Type 2 diabetes. Volunteer peer support programs offer a cost-effective resource for diabetes self-management support; however, factors affecting the retention of volunteer peer leaders remain understudied. Herein, we examined factors associated with volunteer retention and satisfaction among 34 predominantly Mexican-origin peer leaders who assisted patients from a Federally Qualified Health Center located on the US/Mexico border with their diabetes management. Peer leaders completed surveys with open- and close-ended questions at baseline, 6 months and 12 months. Quantitative and qualitative data analyses were guided by the Volunteer Process Model. Using nonparametric Mann–Whitney U tests, self-efficacy as a peer leader at 6 months was most associated with interest to continue volunteering (P = 0.01), and satisfaction with support from the program at 12 months was most associated with interest to continue volunteering (P = 0.01). The qualitative data indicated that the relationship between the peer leaders and their patients was the primary factor for a satisfying volunteer experience. Future research should focus on increasing peer leaders’ self-efficacy and satisfaction with program support and examine how organizations can support the development of the patient–peer relationship. Practitioners should consider appealing to volunteer peers’ motivations to promote their retention.
A class of regularizations based on nonlinear isotropic diffusion for inverse problems
Authors: Hahn Bernadette N , Rigaud Gaël , Schmähl Richard 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Building on the well-known total variation, this paper develops a general regularization technique based on nonlinear isotropic diffusion (NID) for inverse problems with piecewise smooth solutions. The novelty of our approach is to be adaptive (we speak of A-NID), i.e., the regularization varies during the iterates in order to incorporate prior information on the edges, deal with the evolution of the reconstruction and circumvent the limitations due to the nonconvexity of the proposed functionals. After a detailed analysis of the convergence and well-posedness of the method, the latter is validated by simulations performed on synthetic and real data on computerized tomography.
gBLUP-GWAS identifies candidate genes, signaling pathways, and putative functional polymorphisms for age at puberty in gilts
Authors: Wijesena Hiruni R , Nonneman Dan J , Snelling Warren M , Rohrer Gary A , Keel Brittney N , Lents Clay A 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSuccessful development of replacement gilts determines their reproductive longevity and lifetime productivity. Selection for reproductive longevity is challenging due to low heritability and expression late in life. In pigs, age at puberty is the earliest known indicator for reproductive longevity and gilts that reach puberty earlier have a greater probability of producing more lifetime litters. Failure of gilts to reach puberty and display a pubertal estrus is a major reason for early removal of replacement gilts. To identify genomic sources of variation in age at puberty for improving genetic selection for early age at puberty and related traits, gilts (n = 4,986) from a multigeneration population representing commercially available maternal genetic lines were used for a genomic best linear unbiased prediction-based genome-wide association. Twenty-one genome-wide significant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) located on Sus scrofa chromosomes (SSC) 1, 2, 9, and 14 were identified with additive effects ranging from −1.61 to 1.92 d (P &lt; 0.0001 to 0.0671). Novel candidate genes and signaling pathways were identified for age at puberty. The locus on SSC9 (83.7 to 86.7 Mb) was characterized by long range linkage disequilibrium and harbors the AHR transcription factor gene. A second candidate gene on SSC2 (82.7 Mb), ANKRA2, is a corepressor for AHR, suggesting a possible involvement of AHR signaling in regulating pubertal onset in pigs. Putative functional SNP associated with age at puberty in the AHR and ANKRA2 genes were identified. Combined analysis of these SNP showed that an increase in the number of favorable alleles reduced pubertal age by 5.84 ± 1.65 d (P &lt; 0.001). Candidate genes for age at puberty showed pleiotropic effects with other fertility functions such as gonadotropin secretion (FOXD1), follicular development (BMP4), pregnancy (LIF), and litter size (MEF2C). Several candidate genes and signaling pathways identified in this study play a physiological role in the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis and mechanisms permitting puberty onset. Variants located in or near these genes require further characterization to identify their impact on pubertal onset in gilts. Because age at puberty is an indicator of future reproductive success, these SNP are expected to improve genomic predictions for component traits of sow fertility and lifetime productivity expressed later in life.