bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Illustrations in Saite through Ptolemaic Books of the Dead
Authors: Mosher Malcolm 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Regarding the illustrations that accompanied the spells in New Kingdom and Third Intermediate Books of the Dead, a comprehensive study of all illustrations found in these documents has not been systematically done covering the entire timespan. With the exception of Allen’s 1960 study primarily involving the texts of two documents at the Oriental Institute in Chicago, the Saite through Ptolemaic Books of the Dead were largely overlooked until the last decade of the twentieth century, but a comprehensive study of the texts and illustrations in scores of said documents is now two-thirds completed. This chapter is focused on the illustrations in those documents, covering various topics such as the relationship between the illustrations and the texts; the orientation, styles, and versions of illustrations; the magical power of an illustration to provide the magic of a spell by itself; spells that did not have illustrations; spells that were represented only by illustrations; and artistic creativity and individuality.
The Art of Forgery in the Manuscript Culture in Antiquity
Authors: Lucarelli Rita , Choat Malcolm 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Forgeries of the ancient Egyptian Book of the Dead are frequently discovered in museums and private collections around the world. They are especially well attested on mummy bandages, strips of linen, and papyri, on which the forger attempts to imitate the ancient script and vignettes. In order to identify a forgery of the Book of the Dead, one needs to compare the script and the vignettes with the original and, in many cases, find the model from which the text and accompanying images have been copied. This is sometimes not an original papyrus or mummy bandage, but a published facsimile of one.
Introduction
Authors: Lucarelli Rita , Stadler Martin Andreas 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This introduction provides an overview of the topics that will be presented in the book’s chapters and that characterize the history of study, the textual production and reproduction as well as the iconographical motives characterising the so-called ancient Egyptian “Book of the Dead”. The editors’ individual approach to the corpus is also outlined and contextualized within the wider field of study of the ancient Egyptian religion, of which the Book of the Dead is a major source of knowledge and understanding.
The Time of the Pioneers (Seventeenth to Nineteenth Centuries)
Authors: Lüscher Barbara 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This chapter deals with the early history of scholarly research in the field of the Book of the Dead and its protagonists. While the names of Jean-François Champollion, Karl Richard Lepsius, and Édouard Naville are usually associated with early studies and first scholarly editions of the Book of the Dead, there were first attempts in this field as well as partial publications and early depictions even before their time. The books of the famous seventeenth-century polymath Athanasius Kircher contained several illustrations of mummy bandages and other items along with Book of the Dead texts. Other early works from the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries also include first facsimiles of papyrus fragments and mummy bandages, which not only represent an essential contribution to the early research history of the Book of the Dead, but also gave the first impetus to the deciphering of the ancient Egyptian script. The monumental volumes of the Napoleonic “Description de l’Égypte” from the beginning of the nineteenth century, which include the first complete Book of the Dead facsimiles, are another important early source. After the successful deciphering of the hieroglyphs by Champollion, the first real scholarly editions of Books of the Dead—a term that was introduced by Karl Richard Lepsius with his publication of the Turin papyrus of Iufankh—could follow. These include first publications of individual documents in the form of handwritten copies or color facsimiles, a first synoptic text edition (by Édouard Naville), as well as first translations, vocabularies, and word indexes.
The Book of the Dead in Temples
Authors: Kockelmann Holger 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The paper analyzes the relation between the so-called BD and temple decoration. Though known predominantly from funerary contexts, a limited number of spells and vignettes also occur on the walls of New Kingdom and Greco-Roman Temples. Both corpora, BD and temple decoration, are two sides of the same coin: Like the temple inscriptions, a considerable proportion of the BD spell corpus is of non-mortuary origin. Text-internal evidence suggests that numerous spells have a non-Osirian cultic background and were used in rituals for the living. Like the contents of the temple decoration, the “Book of the Dead” seems to have been part of the all-encompassing pool of priestly knowledge, collected and codified in the temple archives. In the House of Life, a selection of this material was compiled as the BD for equipping the dead, while a part of the same multi-functional spells and images was also integrated into the epigraphic and theological system of the temple. The article highlights the affinities between the two corpora, “Book of the Dead” and “temple decoration,” in terms of layout and form, religious topics, and function. Moreover, it considers the factors which may have promoted the reciprocal use of the so-called BD spells both for funerary purposes and in the reliefs of the temple.
Female Owners of Book of the Dead Papyri
Authors: Töpfer Susanne 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Although we know of more copies produced for men than for women, the Book of the Dead was not a funerary composition produced exclusively for the male Egyptian elite. Copies of the Book of the Dead written for or adapted by women are known from the end of the Second Intermediate Period to the Roman Period. There are about 2300 manuscripts of the “Book of the Dead” with known owners; however, this is only a small sample of the total number of manuscripts of the Book of the Dead that must have been produced throughout Egyptian history. The majority of those original produced are most likely lost, and there are a most certainly numerous manuscripts in private collections, which are unknown to the scientific public. This chapter reviews 81 known female owners of the Book of the Dead, with respect to their titles and possible family ties, as well as the quality and content of their copies, from the beginning to the end of the tradition.
Freedom through Bildung
Authors: Smith John H. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
A key for isolating elements of Hegel’s political theory that have contemporary relevance involves understanding Hegel’s modernization of “Sittlichkeit,” usually translated as “ethical life,” which forms the major third section of the lectures on The Philosophy of Right (1821). In Sittlichkeit, individuals find their identity only within an objectively existing structure of cultural meaning. This chapter argues that this fundamental aspect of Hegel’s political theory needs to be understood in terms of classical and humanist rhetorical Bildung; that is, a conception of transformative education that leads individuals into a world of foreign discourse that they learn to take on as their own. The chapter concludes by differentiating Hegel’s “hermeneutical political theory” from Rosen’s critique of “hermeneutics as politics” and connecting it with John McDowell’s philosophy of mind that likewise envisions a process of human maturation into a “space of reasons” that is a kind of second nature.
Cicero’s Orator
Authors: Connolly Joy 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Contemporary political discourse enshrines concord as an ideal at the same time that it treats politics as a contest producing winners and losers. This chapter argues for a clearer normative account of the play of concord and discord in the republic that arises from the experience of oratory as a key element in citizens’ understanding of and engagement in politics. Cicero’s rhetorical dialogues and speeches show how the drive to achieve concordia or consensus thrives within a framing of politics as conflict free from physical violence. Cicero’s texts knit together productive instabilities even as the parts fail to cohere. His citizen is a virtuosic speaker actively mediating the collective will to harmony and acknowledged multiplicity—a person whose patterns of action and thought should have consequences for how we evaluate and design deliberative and judicial institutions. Drawing connections with the civic thinking of Hannah Arendt, this chapter shows that Cicero’s republican citizen is a paradoxical unity of multiple possibilities, habituated to and expressive of the irreducible plurality of the world.
International Efforts to Minimize the Use of HEU
Authors: Dalnoki-Veress Ferenc , Pomper Miles A. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The chapter highlights global efforts to reduce highly enriched uranium (HEU) use in the civilian sector, focusing on the success achieved and the challenges that remain. In recent decades, the United States and Russia have successfully shut down, or converted to low enriched uranium (LEU) fuel, nearly 100 research reactors that formerly used HEU. The chapter explores the progress in converting high-performance reactors in Europe and the US, as well as other HEU-fuelled reactors in Russia, South Africa, Kazakhstan, and Japan. The chapter also examines the global success of LEU-based molybdenum-99 production where all major suppliers have shifted to producing the isotope using LEU-based targets. Molybdenum-99 is a life-saving isotope used to diagnose heart disease, cancer, and other fatal diseases. Finally, the authors analyse the current interest in HEU-based space reactors, which could complicate worldwide efforts to reduce HEU use.
Alternative Technologies for Radioactive Sealed Sources
Authors: Englefield Chris 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The use of alternative technologies in place of radioactive sealed sources are typically presented as a way of reducing radiation risks, waste management costs, and attractiveness to malicious adversaries, with net benefit to states upon their adoption. However, these premises should be examined, taking into account the broader threat context, the health economy, and other geopolitical, infrastructure, and security issues. The chapter reviews the key types of radioisotopic and alternative technologies that are currently on the market, providing examples of each. Alternative technologies cover the various medical applications of teletherapy, brachytherapy, and blood irradiation, as well as industrial applications such as non-destructive testing and process control for road building. It considers the scope and limitations of each as replacements for radioactive sealed sources. While alternative technologies may offer advantages in certain contexts, they are not yet a panacea and may never be when applied to developing countries.
Removal of Gamma Blood Irradiators in Norway
Authors: Hustveit Styrkaar , Øvergaard Sindre , Sjømoen Tone-Mette , Sollund Håvar A. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Blood irradiators employing caesium chloride sources pose a unique radiological risk due to the high activity, solubility, dispersibility and long half-life of the sources, and because they typically are installed in hospitals situated in major population centres. In Norway, all gamma-based blood irradiators were substituted with X-ray based alternatives in the years 2012–2015, resulting in a significant reduction in the risk of radiological terrorism. While some of the domestic factors leading to the successful removal of gamma-based blood irradiators are not easily transferred (e.g. the focus on security triggered by the 2011 domestic terrorist attack and the ownership structure of Norwegian hospitals and blood banks), there are several key elements in the strategy adopted in Norway that could provide valuable experience to other countries. These include an initial assessment of available alternatives through international surveys, a risk-based inspection approach, cooperation between relevant authorities, and implementation of a necessary regulatory framework. In particular, the principle of substitution in the Norwegian Radiation Protection Regulations is highlighted, which requires X-ray-based alternatives to be used rather than radioactive sources when practically achievable.
Insider Threats to Nuclear Security
Authors: Bunn Matthew 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Threats from insiders—individuals with authorized access to protected locations, materials, and information—represent the most serious threats to nuclear organizations around the world. Insider threats are rare but can be devastating. Nearly all the cases of nuclear theft in which the circumstances of the theft are known were perpetrated either by insiders or with the help of insiders, as were nearly all the known cases of sabotage of nuclear facilities. Insiders pose substantial threats because they have access inside many of the layers of an organization’s security; they may understand the security system and its vulnerabilities; they are able to plan, collect intelligence from inside the facility, and recruit for months at a time; and they are known and trusted individuals, which often makes the organization slow to detect and react to possible indicators of a threat. The chapter describes several illustrative cases of devastating insider threats, outlines the categories of insider actions and motivations, and describes some of the organizational challenges of mitigating the threat. The chapter also highlights how nuclear organizations must find ways to protect against insider threats while building internal trust and cooperation needed for their success. It discusses some of the recent steps the international community has taken to address the insider issue, as well as the good practices organizations are already implementing.
The Fergana School of Poetry
Authors: Korchagin Kirill 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The Fergana School is one of the most remarkable phenomena in post-Soviet poetry. Its representatives (Shamshad Abdullaev, Hamdam Zakirov, and Hamid Ismailov, closely associated with the school) proposed a project to recreate Uzbek literature in the early 1990s. This project involved inventing a new type of subjectivity akin to postcolonial subjectivity in many of its features. This chapter examines three modes of constructing this new subject: a process of rethinking Uzbek literature as part of world literature, elaborating a particular regime of visuality that distinguishes Fergana School texts, and searching for a new linguistic identity more cosmopolitan than what Uzbek language and literature could offer. This chapter examines these three themes as they appear in the Tashkent-based journal Zvezda Vostoka (Star of the East); Shamshad Abdullaev edited the journal’s poetry section from 1991 to 1996.
Understanding the Social Context of NSSI
Authors: Pollak Olivia H. , Clayton Matthew G. , Nelson Benjamin W. , Prinstein Mitchell J. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This chapter assesses recent research examining social and interpersonal factors in relation to nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI), with a focus on peer relationships and peer influence processes, particularly among adolescents. It begins by discussing several domains of peer-related experiences that have been shown to cross-sectionally or longitudinally predict NSSI engagement in adolescents. These include romantic relationships, peer friendships, and experiences of peer victimization. The chapter then reviews emerging work on biophysiological responses to socially themed stress that may characterize those who engage in NSSI, and which may shed light on intraindividual mechanisms linking peer-related experiences of stress and NSSI. It also considers how exposure to others’ engagement in NSSI, particularly in peer networks, may be a potent environmental-level factor within adolescents’ social milieu that may moderate risk for NSSI. Finally, the chapter describes social—including family, peer, and romantic partner—protective factors, with important clinical implications for prevention and treatment of NSSI.
Genetic modulation of the HTR2A gene reduces anxiety-related behavior in mice
Authors: Rohn Troy T , Radin Dean , Brandmeyer Tracy , Linder Barry J , Andriambeloson Emile , Wagner Stéphanie , Kehler James , Vasileva Ana , Wang Huaien , Mee John L , Fallon James H 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The expanding field of precision gene editing using CRISPR/Cas9 has demonstrated its potential as a transformative technology in the treatment of various diseases. However, whether this genome-editing tool could be used to modify neural circuits in the central nervous system (CNS), which are implicated in complex behavioral traits, remains uncertain. In this study, we demonstrate the feasibility of noninvasive, intranasal delivery of adeno-associated virus serotype 9 (AAV9) vectors containing CRISPR/Cas9 cargo within the CNS resulting in modification of the HTR2A receptor gene. In vitro, exposure to primary mouse cortical neurons to AAV9 vectors targeting the HT2RA gene led to a concentration-dependent decrease in spontaneous electrical activity following multielectrode array (MEA) analysis. In vivo, at 5 weeks postintranasal delivery in mice, analysis of brain samples revealed single base pair deletions and nonsense mutations, leading to an 8.46-fold reduction in mRNA expression and a corresponding 68% decrease in the 5HT-2A receptor staining. Our findings also demonstrate a significant decrease in anxiety-like behavior in treated mice. This study constitutes the first successful demonstration of a noninvasive CRISPR/Cas9 delivery platform, capable of bypassing the blood–brain barrier and enabling modulation of neuronal 5HT-2A receptor pathways. The results of this study targeting the HTR2A gene provide a foundation for the development of innovative therapeutic strategies for a broad range of neurological disorders, including anxiety, depression, attentional deficits, and cognitive dysfunction.
In the Meantime: RE/UN/DIScover Heuristic for Small-Scale Antioppressive Action within Systems and Organizations
Authors: Keenan Elizabeth King 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The dehumanizing effects of neoliberal, white dominant regulations, laws, policies, and cultural assumptions seep into the everyday practice of social workers in frontline and mid-level positions. Many social workers are learning various antioppressive practices and becoming aware of how microaggressions and other oppressive dynamics can manifest in workplaces but lack models to guide efforts for small-scale action. This article describes how the RE/UN/DIScover heuristic can be used to interrupt and shift oppressive processes during everyday moments of practice within organizations and systems by social workers and their interested colleagues who have some awareness of oppressive and antioppressive dynamics. The RE/UN/DIScover heuristic is an iterative set of three practices: (1) tend to self with compassionate REcover practices; (2) engage in curious, critical reflection to UNcover full understandings of the power dynamics, impacts, and meanings of specific challenges; and (3) DIScover and try out just, humanizing responses with creative courage, individually and with other colleagues. The heuristic uses a dual focus on self and situation with an ad hoc group of other colleagues to raise awareness; cultivate humanizing spaces; and implement antioppressive, relational responses. The article describes the heuristic practices and how to apply the heuristic with two composite practice applications.
Eschar Dermabrasion in Deep Dermal Partial-Thickness Burn: A Case Report
Authors: Pang Mengru , Zhao Liang , Liu Siye , Lei Yu 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
Although dermabrasion is widely used to treat various skin diseases and for scar repair, relatively few reports have described its use with burn wounds. As a blunt debridement, eschar dermabrasion has unique advantages. For patients with deep burns, the boundary between active tissue and inactive tissue is unclear. With eschar dermabrasion, necrotic tissue can be removed to the greatest extent with minimal damage. Early use can help patients skip the scab-dissolving period, decrease local and systemic inflammation, reduce postoperative scarring, and significantly reduce the difficulty of early wound care. As a result, the patient’s hospitalization costs and pain during treatment are both reduced, and thanks to less scarring, the patient is more likely to engage in social activities and has an improved quality of life.
Higher Baseline Serum Myokine of FSTL1 may Serve as a Potential Predictive Biomarker for Successful Brace Treatment in Girls with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis
Authors: Feng Zhenhua , Wu Zhichong , Ma Yanyu , Chen Quanchi , Liu Zhen , Qiu Yong , Zhu Zezhang 
Published: June 2023

Study Design.
A retrospective case-control study

Objective.
This study aimed to investigate whether myokine, which is related to exercise and muscle mass, could serve as a biomarker for predicting bracing outcomes.

Summary of Background Data.
Several risk factors have been documented to be associated with bracing failure in patients with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS). However, serum biomarkers have not been extensively explored.

Methods.
Skeletally immature females with AIS, without previous histories of bracing or surgery, were included. Peripheral blood was collected at the time of bracing prescription. Baseline serum concentrations of eight myokines (apelin, fractalkine, BDNF, EPO, osteonectin, FABP3, FSTL1, and musclin) were measured by multiplex assays. Patients were followed up until weaned from bracing and then designated as a Failure (defined as Cobb angle progression >5°) or Success. A logistic regression analysis was performed that accounted for serum myokines and skeletal maturity.

Results.
We included 117 subjects, with 27 in the Failure group. Subjects in the Failure group had lower initial Risser sign, and lower baseline serum levels of myokines including FSTL1 (2217.3±617.0 vs. 1369.3±704.9,
P

=0.002), apelin (116.5(12.0,335.9) vs 83.5(10.5, 221.1),
P

=0.016), fractalkine (979.6±457.8 vs. 743.8±456.1,
P

=0.020), and musclin (211.3(16.3,370.3) vs 67.8(15.5,325.6),
P

=0.049). Following adjusted analysis, serum FSTL1 (OR=10.460; [2.213-49.453]) was determined to be predictive of bracing effectiveness.

Conclusion.
Patients who failed AIS bracing had significantly lower mean baseline levels of FSTL1 than those who achieved Success. FSTL1 may serve as a biomarker that can inform outcome following bracing.