bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Testing emotional response coherence assumptions: Comparing emotional versus non‐emotional states
Authors: Constantinou Elena , Vlemincx Elke , Panayiotou Georgia 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAlthough central to theories of emotion, emotional response coherence, that is, coordination among various emotion response systems, has received inconsistent empirical support. This study tests a basic assumption of response coherence, that is, that it characterizes emotional states defining their beginning and end. To do so, we (a) compare response coherence between emotional versus non‐emotional states and (b) examine how emotional coherence changes over time, before, during, and after an emotional episode. Seventy‐nine participants viewed neutral, pleasant, and unpleasant film clips and rated continuously how pleasant they felt (experience) before (anticipation), during, and after (recovery) each clip. Autonomic physiological arousal responses (skin conductance level, heart rate; physiology) and facial expressions (corrugator, zygomatic activity; expression) were recorded. Within‐person cross‐correlations between all emotional response pairs were calculated for each phase. Analyses comparing coherence during emotional versus neutral film viewing showed that only experience‐expression coherence was higher for emotional versus neutral films, indicating specificity for emotional states. Examining coherence across phases indicated that coherence increased from anticipation to emotional film viewing, as expected, for experience‐expression and experience‐physiology pairs (SCL only). Of those pairs, increased coherence returned to baseline during recovery, as theoretically assumed, only for experience‐corrugator activity coherence. Current findings provide empirical support for theoretical views of response coherence as a defining feature of emotional episodes, but mostly for the coherence between experience and facial expressions. Further research needs to investigate the role of sympathetic arousal indices, as well as the role of response coherence in emotional recovery.
Automatic International Hidradenitis Suppurativa Severity Score System (AIHS4): A novel tool to assess the severity of hidradenitis suppurativa using artificial intelligence
Authors: Hernández Montilla Ignacio , Medela Alfonso , Mac Carthy Taig , Aguilar Andy , Gómez Tejerina Pedro , Vilas Sueiro Alejandro , González Pérez Ana María , Vergara de la Campa Laura , Luna Bastante Loreto , García Castro Rubén , Alfageme Roldán Fernando 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundHidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a painful chronic inflammatory skin disease that affects up to 4% of the European adult population. International Hidradenitis Suppurativa Severity Score System (IHS4) is a dynamic scoring tool that was developed to be incorporated into the doctor's daily clinical practice and clinical studies. This helps measure disease severity and guides the therapeutic strategy. However, IHS4 assessment is a time‐consuming and manual process, with high inter‐observer variability and high dependence on the observer's expertise.Materials and methodsWe introduce the Automatic International Hidradenitis Suppurativa Severity Score System (AIHS4), an automatic equivalent of IHS4 that deploys a deep learning model for lesion detection, called Legit.Health‐IHS4net, based on the YOLOv5 architecture. AIHS4 was trained on Legit.Health‐HS‐IHS4, a collection of HS images manually annotated by six specialists and processed by a novel knowledge unification algorithm.ResultsOur results show that, with the current dataset size, our tool assesses the severity of HS cases with a performance comparable to that of the most expert physician. Furthermore, the model can be implemented into CADx systems to support doctors in their clinical practice and act as a new endpoint in clinical trials.ConclusionOur work proves the potential usefulness of artificial intelligence in the practice of evidence‐based dermatology: models trained on the consensus of large clinical boards have the potential to empower dermatologists in their daily practice and replace current standard clinical endpoints.
Long‐term rice cultivation improved coastal saline soil properties and multifunctionality of subsoil layers
Authors: Zhu Yun , Sun Lei , Fu Qinling , Guo Bin , Lin Yicheng , Liu Xia 
Published: June 2023

AbstractRice cultivation has been found to be an effective and feasible approach for improving saline soils and increasing food production. Most studies on the improvement of rice cultivation on saline soil have focused on the several individual soil properties in the topsoil, and we know little about the importance of rice cultivation for improving multifunctionality in coastal saline soils. We investigated basic soil properties (soil physical sand content, soil physical clay content, pH, EC, soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen, available potassium, available phosphorus), enzyme activities (urease, catalase, protease) and soil multifunctionality (SMF) in 0–20 cm, 20–40 cm, 40–60 cm, 60–80 cm and 80–100 cm soil layers with rice cultivated for 0 (tidal flat; CK), 20 (R20), 44 (R44) and 70 years (R70). We found that soil EC was alleviated markedly in the first 20 years after rice cultivation. Soil physical sand content, pH, EC and available potassium (AK) decreased while total nitrogen (TN), alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen (AN), urease (URE), catalase (CAT) activities and SMF increased with the increase in rice cultivation years. The highest soil total organic carbon (SOC) was shown in R44. Soil pH, EC, AK and physical sand content increased while SOC, TN, AN, enzyme activities decreased with the increase in soil depth. Redundancy (RDA) analysis showed soil physicochemical properties explained 97.53% of the variation in soil enzyme activities. Soil CAT, URE and protease (PRO) had a positive correlation with soil physical clay content, SOC, TN, AN and AP while negatively correlated with pH and AK. The increased SOC and clay content by rice cultivation might be the main reasons stimulating soil enzyme activities. In summary, long‐term rice cultivation could alleviate soil salinity, increased SMF down to 1 m, implying that rice cultivation effectively improved coastal saline soil, and the improvement could last for 70 years.
Framework for constructing multimodal transport networks and routing using a graph database: A case study in London
Authors: Park Seula , Cheng Tao 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMost prior multimodal transport networks have been organized as relational databases with multilayer structures to support transport management and routing; however, database expandability and update efficiency in new networks and timetables are low due to the strict database schemas. This study aimed to develop multimodal transport networks using a graph database that can accommodate efficient updates and extensions, high relation‐based query performance, and flexible integration in multimodal routing. As a case study, a database was constructed for London transport networks, and routing tests were performed under various conditions. The constructed multimodal graph database showed stable performance in processing iterative queries, and efficient multi‐stop routing was particularly enhanced. By applying the proposed framework, databases for multimodal routing can be readily constructed for other regions, while enabling responses to diversified routings, such as personalized routing through integration with various unstructured information, due to the flexible schema of the graph database.
Conditional analyses of options for action: A partial defence
Authors: Rosenthal Jacob 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe idea of multiple options for action in a specific situation is essential for choice and deliberation. But what exactly is an option for action? A simple and natural approach to this question is via conditional analyses. While conditional analyses ofdispositionsandabilitiesface well‐known objections and are widely considered untenable, I argue that several of these objections do not apply to conditional analyses ofoptions. Others do, but the analyses can be modified or interpreted in a suitable way so as to deal with them. One central difficulty, however, remains and can only partially be resolved. Still, all things considered, the prospects of conditional analyses of options for action are quite good; they should not be lightly dismissed.
Complex considerations – Fever and pancytopenia after solid organ transplantation
Authors: Francí Elena Valdés , Adekunle Ruth O. , Nucci Marcio , Pouch Stephanie M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis case describes a 42‐year‐old man who underwent kidney transplantation and developed fevers, pancytopenia, and elevated liver function tests starting on post‐operative day 9. An extensive microbiologic and molecular workup was performed, ultimately leading to a diagnosis of donor‐derived toxoplasmosis with associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in the recipient. This case highlights the potential for post‐transplant toxoplasmosis in high‐risk mismatch (D+/R‐) recipients, as well as the role of Toxoplasma‐targeted prophylaxis in such patients.
Evaluating antimicrobial duration for Gram‐negative bacteremia in patients with neutropenia due to hematologic malignancy or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Ranganath Nischal , Yetmar Zachary A. , McCandless Audrey R. , Rivera Christina G. , Lahr Brian D. , Tande Aaron J. , Shah Aditya S. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundIn the management of Gram‐negative bloodstream infection (GN‐BSI), short antimicrobial courses have been increasingly demonstrated to be non‐inferior to prolonged therapy, with lower risk of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) and emergence of multi‐drug resistant (MDR) organisms. However, immunocompromised hosts were excluded from these studies. We investigated outcomes of short (≤10 days), intermediate (11–14 days), and prolonged (≥15 days) antimicrobial durations for GN‐BSI in neutropenic patients.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted on neutropenic patients with monomicrobial GN‐BSI between 2018 and 2022. The primary outcome was a composite of all‐cause mortality and microbiologic relapse within 90 days after therapy completion. The secondary outcome was a composite of 90‐day CDI and development of MDR‐GN bacteria. Cox regression analysis with propensity score (PS) adjustment was used to compare outcomes between the three groups.ResultsA total of 206 patients were classified into short (n = 67), intermediate (n = 81), or prolonged (n = 58) duration. Neutropenia was predominantly secondary to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (48%) or hematologic malignancy (35%). The primary sources of infection included intra‐abdominal (51%), vascular catheter (27%), and urinary (8%). Most patients received definitive therapy with cefepime or carbapenem. No significant difference in the primary composite endpoint was observed for intermediate versus short (PS‐adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 0.89; 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.39–2.03) or prolonged versus short therapy (PS‐aHR 1.20; 95% CI 0.52–2.74). There was no significant difference in the secondary composite endpoint of CDI or MDR‐GN emergence.ConclusionOur data suggest that short antimicrobial courses had comparable 90‐day outcomes as intermediate and prolonged regimens for GN‐BSI among immunocompromised patients with neutropenia.
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Genome‐wide association study of multiyear dynamic growth traits in hybrid Liriodendron identifies robust genetic loci associated with growth trajectories
Authors: Xia Hui , Hao Ziyuan , Shen Yufang , Tu Zhonghua , Yang Lichun , Zong Yaxian , Li Huogen 
Published: June 2023

SUMMARYThe genetic factors underlying growth traits differ over time points or stages. However, most current studies of phenotypes at single time points do not capture all loci or explain the genetic differences underlying growth trajectories. Hybrid Liriodendron exhibits obvious heterosis and is widely cultivated, although its complex genetic mechanism underlying growth traits remains unknown. A genome‐wide association study (GWAS) is an effective method for elucidating the genetic architecture by identifying genetic loci underlying complex quantitative traits. In the present study, using a GWAS, we identified robust loci associated with growth trajectories in hybrid Liriodendron populations. We selected 233 hybrid progenies derived from 25 crosses for resequencing, and measured their tree height (H) and diameter at breast height (DBH) for 11 consecutive years; 192 972 high‐quality single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were obtained. The dynamics of the multiyear single‐trait GWAS showed that year‐specific SNPs predominated, and only five robust SNPs for DBH were identified in at least three different years. Multitrait GWAS analysis with model parameters as latent variables also revealed 62 SNPs for H and 52 for DBH associated with the growth trajectory, displaying different biomass accumulation patterns, among which four SNPs exerted pleiotropic effects. All identified SNPs also exhibited temporal variations in effect sizes and inheritance patterns potentially related to different growth and developmental stages. The haplotypes resulting from these significant SNPs might pyramid favorable loci, benefitting the selection of superior genotypes. The present study provides insights into the genetic architecture of dynamic growth traits and lays a basis for future molecular‐assisted breeding.
Parallel adaptation to lower altitudes is associated with enhanced plasticity in Heliosperma pusillum (Caryophyllaceae)
Authors: Szukala Aglaia , Bertel Clara , Frajman Božo , Schönswetter Peter , Paun Ovidiu 
Published: June 2023

SUMMARYHigh levels of phenotypic plasticity are thought to be inherently costly in stable or extreme environments, but enhanced plasticity may evolve as a response to new environments and foster novel phenotypes. Heliosperma pusillum forms glabrous alpine and pubescent montane ecotypes that diverged recurrently and polytopically (parallel evolution) and can serve as evolutionary replicates. The specific alpine and montane localities are characterized by distinct temperature conditions, available moisture, and light. Noteworthy, the ecotypes show a home‐site fitness advantage in reciprocal transplantations. To disentangle the relative contribution of constitutive versus plastic gene expression to altitudinal divergence, we analyze the transcriptomic profiles of two parallely evolved ecotype pairs, grown in reciprocal transplantations at native altitudinal sites. In this incipient stage of divergence, only a minor proportion of genes appear constitutively differentially expressed between the ecotypes in both pairs, regardless of the growing environment. Both derived, montane populations bear comparatively higher plasticity of gene expression than the alpine populations. Genes that change expression plastically or constitutively underlie similar ecologically relevant pathways, related to response to drought and trichome formation. Other relevant processes, such as photosynthesis, rely mainly on plastic changes. The enhanced plasticity consistently observed in the montane ecotype likely evolved as a response to the newly colonized, drier, and warmer niche. We report a striking parallelism of directional changes in gene expression plasticity. Thus, plasticity appears to be a key mechanism shaping the initial stages of phenotypic evolution, likely fostering adaptation to novel environments.
Single energy metal artifact reduction performs better than virtual monoenergetic dual‐energy reconstruction in CT of the equine proximal phalanx
Authors: Faulkner Josephine E , Broeckx Bart J G , Martens Ann , Raes Els , Haardt Hanna , Vanderperren Katrien 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMetal artifacts in CT negatively impact the evaluation of surgical implants and the surrounding tissues. The aim of this prospective experimental study was to evaluate the ability of a single energy metal artifact reduction (SEMAR™, Canon) algorithm and virtual monoenergetic (VM) dual‐energy CT (DECT) scanning techniques to reduce metal artifacts from stainless steel screws surgically inserted into the equine proximal phalanx. Seven acquisitions of 18 cadaver limbs were performed on a Canon Aquilion One Vision CT scanner (Helical +SEMAR, Volume +SEMAR, Standard Helical, Standard Volume and VM DECT at 135, 120, and 105 keV) and reconstructed in a bone kernel. Blinded subjective evaluation performed by three observers indicated a significant effect of acquisition in both adjacent tissues (P < 0.001) and distant tissues (P < 0.001) and the best metal artifact reduction was seen with Helical +SEMAR and Volume +SEMAR. The subjective overall preference of CT acquisition type was (1) Helical +SEMAR, (2) Volume +SEMAR, (3) VM DECT 135 keV, (4) VM DECT 120 keV, (5) VM DECT 105 keV, (6) Standard Helical, (7) Standard Volume (P < 0.001). Unblinded objective evaluation performed by one observer showed that VM DECT 120 keV, Helical +SEMAR, and Volume +SEMAR performed similarly and were objectively the best at reducing blooming artifact. Overall, the best metal artifact reduction was obtained with SEMAR, followed by VM DECT. However, VM DECT performance varies with energy level and was associated with decreased image quality in distant tissues and artifactual overcorrection of metal artifacts at high energy levels.
Arthroscopically guided lag screw fixation of subchondral bone cysts in the medial femoral condyle in Thoroughbred racehorses: description of technique and comparative results
Authors: Young Natalie , Barker Will , Minshall Gaynor , Wright Ian 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo describe an arthroscopically guided technique for lag screw placement across subchondral bone cyst (SBC) in the medial femoral condyle (MFC) and to compare postoperative racing performance with corticosteroid injection and cyst debridement.Study designRetrospective cohort study.AnimalsOne hundred twenty‐three horses with 134 MFC SBCs undergoing treatment at a single referral hospital in the UK between January, 2009, and December, 2020.MethodsSex, age, limb affected, radiographic cyst dimensions, preoperative and postoperative lameness, surgical technique (lag screw placement, cyst debridement, intralesional corticosteroid injection), and, where applicable, screw positioning were recorded retrospectively. A ratio was calculated using measurements from preoperative and postoperative radiographs. Outcome was assessed by resolution or improvement in lameness, reduction in cyst size, and starting one race after treatment. Outcome data was compared between treatment groups.ResultsTwenty‐six of 45 (57.8%) horses that underwent transcondylar screw placement raced postoperatively, at a median of 403 days between surgery and first postoperative race. There was no difference between treatment groups with regard to racing or preoperative and postoperative lameness. Cysts treated with transcondylar screw placement had a greater reduction in cyst size and a reduced period of convalescence in comparison with those that underwent debridement; the results were similar to those treated by intralesional corticosteroid injection.ConclusionPostoperative racing rates were similar for all techniques. Convalescence was reduced for lag screw placement and corticosteroid injection compared to debridement.Clinical significanceThe arthroscopically guided technique results in radiographically consistent screw placement and cyst engagement and offers a viable alternative to other treatments.
Pengaruh Bahasa Ibunda dalam Pertuturan Murid-Murid Asli Suku Kaum Temuan ketika Pembelajaran Bahasa Melayu
Authors: Nazir Faridah 
Published: June 2023

Kajian ini dijalankan untuk meneliti pengaruh bahasa ibunda dalam pertuturan murid- murid suku kaum Temuan di Sekolah Kebangsaan Tekir, Labu, Negeri Sembilan ketika pembelajaran bahasa Melayu dijalankan. Kaedah kajian yang digunakan adalah rakaman spontan dan catatan terhadap pertuturan 11 orang murid di Tahun 6 untuk mengenal pasti pengaruh bahasa ibunda dalam pertuturan murid ketika sesi perbincangan dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran (PdP) Bahasa Melayu. Kaedah lain yang digunakan adalah borang soal selidik yang diedarkan kepada 24 orang murid di Tahun 2 hingga 6 untuk mengenal pasti aspek-aspek ekstralinguistik yang mempengaruhi penggunaan bahasa ibunda dalam kalangan murid-murid Temuan dalam pertuturan ketika sesi pengajaran dan pembelajaran bahasa Melayu dijalankan. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan terdapat tiga pengaruh bahasa ibunda yang terdapat dalam pertuturan murid, iaitu kelainan bunyi, unsur dialek / bahasa lain dan fenomena campur kod bahasa Temuan dan bahasa Melayu pada peringakat perkataan dan frasa. Aspek-aspek ekstralinguistik yang mempengaruhi penggunaan bahasa ibunda dalam pertuturan murid-murid Temuan pula ialah umur, jantina, kumpulan etnik dan kefasihan murid-murid berbahasa Melayu.

This study was conducted to examine the influence of the mother tongue on the speech of students of the Temuan tribe at Tekir Kebangsaan School, Labu, Negeri Sembilan when learning the Malay language. The research method used is the spontaneous recording and notes of the speech of 11 students in Year 6 to identify the influence of the mother tongue in the students' speech during the discussion session in the teaching and learning (PdP) of the Malay language. Another method used was a questionnaire that was distributed to 24 students in years 2 to 6 to identify the extralinguistic aspects that influence the use of the mother tongue among the students. The findings of the study show that there are three influences of the mother tongue found in the student’s speech, namely sound abnormalities, elements of dialects / other languages, and the phenomenon of code-mixing between the Temuan language and the Malay language at the level of words and phrases. Extralinguistic aspects influence the use of the mother tongue in the students' speech. The findings are the age, gender, ethnic group, and fluency of the students in Malay.
The Impact of English Language on Business Communication in Asia: A Scoping Review
Authors: Awangku Ismail Dayangku Aqilah , Pek Lim Seong 
Published: June 2023

In the current global era, English is becoming increasingly essential not only as a worldwide language but now widely used as a business language in native and non-native English-speaking countries. Particularly, English language proficiency is mostly required and recognized amongst the countries in the n continent. Thus, this review emphasises the importance of the English language, the dynamism of ways that may be utilised when teaching the English language and identifying the requirements of English language skills among business workers and students. Hence, the primary goal of this scoping review is to uncover previous research on the impact of the English language on business communication in Asia. This scoping review was reported according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines. Five databases, namely Education Resources Information Center (ERIC), Semantic Scholar, ScienceDirect, Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), and SAGE Journals, were used for data scoping. A total of 10 studies were identified to be eligible for selection.