bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patient empowerment improves follow‐up data collection after fetal surgery for spina bifida: institutional audit
Authors: Vergote S. , Van der Stock J. , Kunpalin Y. , Bredaki E. , Maes H. , Banh S. , De Catte L. , Devlieger R. , Lewi L. , Devroe S. , Spencer R. , David A. , De Vloo P. , Van Calenbergh F. , Deprest J. A. 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo define and grade fetal and maternal adverse events following fetal surgery for spina bifida and to report on the impact of engaging patients in collecting follow‐up data.MethodsThis prospective single‐center audit included 100 consecutive patients undergoing fetal surgery for spina bifida between January 2012 and December 2021. In our setting, patients return to their referring unit for further pregnancy care and delivery. On discharge, referring hospitals were requested to return outcome data. For this audit, we prompted patients and referring hospitals to provide data in cases of missing outcomes. Outcomes were categorized as missing, returned spontaneously or returned following additional request, by the patient and/or referring center. Postoperative maternal and fetal complications until delivery were defined and graded according to Maternal and Fetal Adverse Event Terminology (MFAET) and the Clavien–Dindo classification.ResultsThere were no maternal deaths, but severe maternal complications occurred in seven women (anemia in pregnancy, postpartum hemorrhage, pulmonary edema, lung atelectasis, urinary tract obstruction and placental abruption). No cases of uterine rupture were reported. Perinatal death occurred in 3% of fetuses and other severe fetal complications in 15% (perioperative fetal bradycardia/cardiac dysfunction, fistula‐related oligohydramnios, chorioamnionitis and preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (PPROM) before 32 weeks). PPROM occurred in 42% of patients and, overall, delivery took place at a median gestational age of 35.3 weeks (interquartile range, 34.0–36.6 weeks). Information provided following additional request, from both centers and patients but mainly from the latter, reduced missing data by 21% for gestational age at delivery, 56% for uterine‐scar status at birth and 67% for shunt insertion at 12 months. Compared with the generic Clavien–Dindo classification, the MFAET system ranked complications in a more clinically relevant way.ConclusionsThe nature and rate of severe complications following fetal surgery for spina bifida were similar to those reported in other large series. Spontaneous return of outcome data by referring centers was low, yet patient empowerment improved data collection. © 2023 The Authors. Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Core outcome set for perinatal interventions for congenital diaphragmatic hernia
Authors: Vergote S. , De Bie F. R. , Duffy J. M. N. , Bosteels J. , Benachi A. , Power B. , Meijer F. , Hedrick H. L. , Fernandes C. J. , Reiss I. K. M. , De Coppi P. , Lally K. P. , Deprest J. A. 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo develop a core set of prenatal and neonatal outcomes for clinical studies evaluating perinatal interventions for congenital diaphragmatic hernia, using a validated consensus‐building method.MethodsAn international steering group comprising 13 leading maternal–fetal medicine specialists, neonatologists, pediatric surgeons, patient representatives, researchers and methodologists guided the development of this core outcome set. Potential outcomes were collected through a systematic review of the literature and entered into a two‐round online Delphi survey. A call was made for stakeholders with experience of congenital diaphragmatic hernia to review the list and score outcomes based on their perceived relevance. Outcomes that fulfilled the consensus criteria defined a priori were discussed subsequently in online breakout meetings. Results were reviewed in a consensus meeting, during which the core outcome set was defined. Finally, the definitions, measurement methods and aspirational outcomes were defined in online and in‐person definition meetings by a selection of 45 stakeholders.ResultsOverall, 221 stakeholders participated in the Delphi survey and 198 completed both rounds. Fifty outcomes met the consensus criteria and were discussed and rescored by 78 stakeholders in the breakout meetings. During the consensus meeting, 93 stakeholders agreed eventually on eight outcomes, which constituted the core outcome set. Maternal and obstetric outcomes included maternal morbidity related to the intervention and gestational age at delivery. Fetal outcomes included intrauterine demise, interval between intervention and delivery and change in lung size in utero around the time of the intervention. Neonatal outcomes included neonatal mortality, pulmonary hypertension and use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Definitions and measurement methods were formulated by 45 stakeholders, who also added three aspirational outcomes: duration of invasive ventilation, duration of oxygen supplementation and use of pulmonary vasodilators at discharge.ConclusionsWe developed with relevant stakeholders a core outcome set for studies evaluating perinatal interventions in congenital diaphragmatic hernia. Its implementation should facilitate the comparison and combination of trial results, enabling future research to better guide clinical practice. © 2023 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Closing pit lakes as aquatic ecosystems: Risk, reality, and future uses
Authors: Lund Mark A. , Blanchette Melanie L. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMine pit lakes are formed when open‐cut pits flood with water, and these lakes occur by the thousands on every inhabited continent. The remediation and closure of pit lakes is a pressing issue for sustainable development and provision of freshwater ecosystem services. While pit lakes can be spectacular examples of recreation and renewal, pit lakes may be better known for their poor water qualities and risks to communities and the environment. Often the public wants to simply “fill the pits in” to restore a terrestrial landscape, but this is not always possible. Therefore, planning for remediation and future uses is likely to provide the best outcome. Poor water quality is not necessarily a barrier to future use, although it may limit the number of uses. Short‐term future uses tend to require commercial viability, active infrastructure investment, and maintenance, and should transition to complementary long‐term uses that promote biodiversity. Long‐term future uses require relatively less ongoing maintenance beyond the initial investment and adhere to the principles that pit lakes should be safe, sustainable, and non‐polluting in perpetuity. Pit lakes will eventually develop “ecosystem values,” and the time to do so depends on the nature of the intervention and the values ascribed by the community. Where possible, closing pit lakes as sustainable ecosystems is the most realistic goal that permits a variety of future uses that is likely to see pit lakes valued by future generations.This article is categorized under:
Engineering Water > Planning Water
Human Water > Value of Water
Human Water > Water as Imagined and Represented
Three levels of framing
Authors: Sullivan Karen 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA sociologist and a linguist, unaware of each other's work, each assigned a technical meaning to the termframearound 1970, based on separate usages of the wordframefrom the 1950s. Each researcher instigated a theory of frame analysis. Over the following decades, the two approaches to framing became intertwined as followers of both Goffman and Fillmore studied metaphoric framing, examined factors affecting the communication of frames, and became particularly interested in politics and the mass media. Years later, many theorists complain about the fragmented field of frame studies. The paper suggests that some of the fragmentation can be resolved by recognizing the dual origins of framing studies, and classifying instances of framing in either the Goffman or the Fillmore tradition as occurring at the level of language, thought, or communication. These three levels are termed semantic framing, cognitive framing, and communicative framing.This article is categorized under:Linguistics > CognitiveLinguistics > Linguistic TheoryComputer Science and Robotics > Natural Language Processing
Information scrambling and entanglement dynamics of complex Brownian Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev models
Authors: Zhang Pengfei 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In this work, we study the information scrambling and the entanglement dynamics in the complex Brownian Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev (cBSYK) models, focusing on their dependence on the charge density n. We first derive the effective theory for scramblons in a single cBSYK model, which gives closed-form expressions for the late-time OTOC and operator size. In particular, the result for OTOC is consistent with numerical observations in [1]. We then study the entanglement dynamics in cBSYK chains. We derive the density dependence of the entanglement velocity for both Rényi entropies and the Von Neumann entropy, with a comparison to the butterfly velocity. We further consider adding repeated measurements and derive the effective theory of the measurement induced transition which shows U(2)L ⊗ U(2)R symmetry for non-interacting models.
Quantum Brownian motion induced by an inhomogeneous tridimensional space and a S1 × R3 topological space-time
Authors: Ferreira Éwerton J. B. , Guedes Eliza M. B. , Mota Herondy F. Santana 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In this paper we investigate the Quantum Brownian motion of a point particle induced by quantum vacuum fluctuations of a massless scalar field in (3 + 1)-dimensional Minkowski spacetime with distinct conditions (Dirichlet, Neumann, mixed and quasiperiodic). The modes of the field are confined and compactified to a finite length region, which consequently provides a natural measure scale for the system. Useful expressions for the Wightman function have been obtained, which allow us to calculate analytical expressions for the velocity dispersion in all condition cases considered. We also obtain expressions for the velocity dispersion in the short and late time regimes. Finally, we exhibit some graphs in order to show the behavior of the velocity dispersions, discussing important divergencies that are present in our results.
Revisiting the shadow stress tensor in celestial CFT
Authors: Banerjee Shamik , Pasterski Sabrina 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We revisit the standard construction of the celestial stress tensor as a shadow of the subleading conformally soft graviton. In its original formulation there is an obstruction to reproducing the expected $$ \overline{TT} $$

TT
¯

OPE in the double soft limit. We propose a modification to the definition which circumvents this obstruction and then extend this change of basis beyond the conformally soft and single helicity sectors. In the process we investigate how (non)-commutativity of double soft limits is tied to the decoupling of primary descendants, and how our choice of celestial basis determines which symmetries are manifest at the level of the OPE beyond the MHV sector.
Atrial natriuretic peptide stimulates autophagy/mitophagy and improves mitochondrial function in chronic heart failure
Authors: Raffa Salvatore , Forte Maurizio , Gallo Giovanna , Ranieri Danilo , Marchitti Simona , Magrì Damiano , Testa Marco , Stanzione Rosita , Bianchi Franca , Cotugno Maria , Fiori Emiliano , Visco Vincenzo , Sciarretta Sebastiano , Volpe Massimo , Rubattu Speranza 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMitochondrial dysfunction, causing increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, is a molecular feature of heart failure (HF). A defective antioxidant response and mitophagic flux were reported in circulating leucocytes of patients with chronic HF and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) exerts many cardiac beneficial effects, including the ability to protect cardiomyocytes by promoting autophagy. We tested the impact of ANP on autophagy/mitophagy, altered mitochondrial structure and function and increased oxidative stress in HFrEF patients by both ex vivo and in vivo approaches. The ex vivo study included thirteen HFrEF patients whose peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated and treated with αANP (10–11 M) for 4 h. The in vivo study included six HFrEF patients who received sacubitril/valsartan for two months. PBMCs were characterized before and after treatment. Both approaches analyzed mitochondrial structure and functionality. We found that levels of αANP increased upon sacubitril/valsartan, whereas levels of NT-proBNP decreased. Both the ex vivo direct exposure to αANP and the higher αANP level upon in vivo treatment with sacubitril/valsartan caused: (i) improvement of mitochondrial membrane potential; (ii) stimulation of the autophagic process; (iii) significant reduction of mitochondrial mass—index of mitophagy stimulation—and upregulation of mitophagy-related genes; (iv) reduction of mitochondrial damage with increased inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM)/outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM) index and reduced ROS generation. Herein we demonstrate that αANP stimulates both autophagy and mitophagy responses, counteracts mitochondrial dysfunction, and damages ultimately reducing mitochondrial oxidative stress generation in PBMCs from chronic HF patients. These properties were confirmed upon sacubitril/valsartan administration, a pivotal drug in HFrEF treatment.
The effect of selective ultrasound screening on the incidence of late presentation of developmental hip dysplasia—a meta-analysis
Authors: Laborie Lene B , Rosendahl Karen , Dhouib Amira , Simoni Paolo , Tomà Paolo , Offiah Amaka C 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDifferent screening strategies for developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) exist. Despite screening efforts, cases of late presentation continue to occur, often necessitating surgery. This systematic review and meta-analysis assess the effect of newborn selective ultrasound screening for DDH on the incidence of late presentation in infants and children, compared to a universal ultrasound strategy. A systematic search across Medline and EMBASE databases was performed between January 1950 and February 2021. A consensus-based evaluation of abstracts led to retrieval of relevant full text, original articles or systematic reviews in English only. These were assessed according to agreed eligibility criteria, and their reference lists were reviewed to identify additional eligible publications. Following final consensus on included publications, data was extracted, analysed and reported as per PRISMA and Prospero (CRD42021241957) guidelines. The 16 eligible studies consisted of 2 randomised controlled trials and 14 cohort studies, published between 1989 and 2014, with a total of 511,403 participants. In total, 121,470 (23.8%) received a neonatal hip ultrasound, of whom 58,086 and 63,384 were part of a selective or a universal ultrasound screening strategy, respectively. The difference in the proportion of late presentation between the universal and selective strategies was 0.0904 per 1,000 (P = 0.047). The time effect, i.e. the difference between early and late presentation defined respectively, as less than and more than 3 months of age, regardless of screening strategy, was not significant (P = 0.272). Although there was variability in study design and reporting, the quality of the evidence, based on the critical appraisal skills programme appraisal tools, was generally good. Compared to universal ultrasound screening for DDH, selective screening resulted in a slightly higher rate of late presentation. Uniformity in design and reporting of DDH studies and a cost-effectiveness analysis are needed.
Risk factors for recurrent disease in small papillary thyroid cancers – a Swedish register-based study
Authors: Bayadsi Haytham , Nylén Carolina , Sandström Maria , Angelsten Jakob , Sund Malin , Hennings Joakim 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Aims
To study the correlation between clinicopathological risk factors and the risk for intervention-requiring cancer recurrence in patients with small papillary thyroid cancers (sPTCs).

Materials and methods
Records for 397 patients with sPTC (T1 ≤ 20mm) were obtained from the Scandinavian Quality Register for Thyroid, Parathyroid and Adrenal Surgery (SQRTPA) between 2010 and 2016. Follow-up time was at least 5 years. Data regarding intervention-requiring cancer recurrence were obtained from patient medical records and analysed regarding lymph node (LN) status (N0, N1a and N1b) and recurrence.

Results
Age was significantly lower in the N1a and N1b groups compared to N0 (45 vs. 40.5 vs. 49 years, respectively; p = 0.002). Tumour size was smaller in the N1a group compared to N1b group (9 vs. 11.8 mm; p <0.01). The mean number of metastatic LNs at initial surgery was higher in the N1b compared to N1a group (6.6 vs. 3; p = 0.001), and in the recurrent compared to the non-recurrent group (7 versus 3.9; p <0.01). The recurrence rate was higher in the N1b group than the N1a and N0 groups (25% vs. 2.4% vs. 1.4%, respectively; p = 0.001).

Conclusions
Lymph node stage N1b at diagnosis, and having five or more metastatic nodes, are strong risk factors for cancer recurrence and decreased disease-free survival in sPTC. The management of patients with sPTC should include thorough lymph node mapping for optimal treatment and individual risk stratification.
Psychische und neurokognitive Erkrankungen und Diabetes mellitus (Update 2023)
Authors: Abrahamian Heidemarie , Kautzky-Willer Alexandra , Rießland-Seifert Angelika , Lebherz-Eichinger Diana , Fasching Peter , Ebenbichler Christoph , Kautzky Alexander , Toplak Hermann 
Published: April 2023

ZusammenfassungDiabetes mellitus ist häufig mit psychischen Erkrankungen assoziiert. Depressive Störungen kommen bei diabetischen Patient:innen doppelt so häufig vor wie in der nicht-diabetischen Population. Andere psychische Erkrankungen, die gehäuft mit Prädiabetes und Diabetes mellitus vorkommen, sind kognitive Dysfunktionen bis zur Demenz, auffälliges Essverhalten, Angststörungen, Schizophrenie, bipolare Störungen und Borderline-Persönlichkeitsstörungen. Die ungünstigen Auswirkungen dieser Koinzidenz auf den Stoffwechsel sind nachhaltig und manifestieren als schlechtere metabolische Kontrolle und vermehrte mikro- und makroangiopathische Komplikationen. Ziel dieses Positionspapieres ist die Sensibilisierung aller involvierten medizinischen Fachkolleg:innen sowie aller anderen mit dem Thema Diabetes befassten Berufsgruppen und Organisationen, um eine Intensivierung der komplexen therapeutischen Interventionen bei Patient:innen zu erreichen.Positive Auswirkungen wären die Verringerung der Inzidenz von Diabetes mellitus bei Patient:innen mit psychischen Erkrankungen, sowie die Reduktion von Spätfolgen des Diabetes mellitus, insbesondere der kardiovaskulären Morbidität und Mortalität und eine verbesserte Lebensqualität der Betroffenen.
Diagnostik, Therapie und Verlaufskontrolle der diabetischen Augenerkrankung (Update 2023)
Authors: Pollreisz Andreas , Gasser-Steiner Vanessa , Gerendas Bianca , Mennel Stefan , Radda Stephan , Sacu Stefan , Scholda Christoph , Stolba Ulrike , Wedrich Andreas ,   Netzhautkommission der Österreichischen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft
Published: April 2023

ZusammenfassungDiabetes mellitus kann zu unterschiedlichen Augenerkrankungen führen, wie diabetische Retinopathie, diabetisches Makulaödem, Optikusneuropathie, Katarakt, Sekundärglaukom und Fehlfunktionen der äußeren Augenmuskeln. Die Inzidenz dieser Spätschäden korreliert mit der Dauer des Diabetes und mit dem Grad der metabolischen Kontrolle. Reguläre augenfachärztliche Kontrollen sind notwendig, um visusbedrohende Spätschäden einer diabetischen Augenerkrankung frühzeitig zu erkennen und entsprechende Therapien einzuleiten.
Diabetes mellitus – Definition, Klassifikation, Diagnose, Screening und Prävention (Update 2023)
Authors: Harreiter Jürgen , Roden Michael 
Published: April 2023

ZusammenfassungDiabetes mellitus bezeichnet eine Gruppe von heterogenen Erkrankungen, deren gemeinsamer Befund die Erhöhung der Blutglukosekonzentration ist. Die gegenwärtige Klassifikation des Diabetes mellitus wird dargestellt und die wesentlichen Merkmale von Typ 1 und Typ 2 Diabetes werden beschrieben. Darüber hinaus werden die Kriterien für die korrekte biochemische Diagnose unter Nüchtern-Bedingungen und im oralen Glukosetoleranz-Test sowie die Anwendung des Hämoglobin A1c (HbA1c) zusammengefasst. Die zunehmende Prävalenz des Diabetes erfordert zudem gezieltes Screening zur Erkennung von Diabetes und Prädiabetes in Risikogruppen. Dies bildete die Grundlage für die frühzeitige Einleitung von Maßnahmen zur Prävention der Manifestation des Diabetes in diesen Risikogruppen und Verzögerung der Diabetesprogression.
Diabetestechnologie (Update 2023)
Authors: Schütz-Fuhrmann Ingrid , Rami-Merhar Birgit , Fröhlich-Reiterer Elke , Hofer Sabine E. , Tauschmann Martin , Mader Julia K. , Resl Michael , Kautzky-Willer Alexandra , Winhofer-Stöckl Yvonne , Laimer Markus , Zlamal-Fortunat Sandra , Weitgasser Raimund 
Published: April 2023

ZusammenfassungDiese Leitlinie repräsentiert die Empfehlungen der Österreichischen Diabetes Gesellschaft (ÖDG) zur Nutzung von Diabetes-Technologie (Insulinpumpentherapie; kontinuierliche Glukosemesssysteme, CGM; Hybrid Closed Loop Systeme, HCL; Automated Insulin Delivery Systeme, AID, Diabetes-Apps) und den Zugang zu diesen technologischen Innovationen für Menschen mit Diabetes mellitus. Die Leitlinie wurde basierend auf aktueller wissenschaftlicher Evidenz erstellt.
Therapie der akuten diabetischen Stoffwechselentgleisungen bei Erwachsenen (Update 2023)
Authors: Kaser Susanne , Sourij Harald , Clodi Martin , Schneeweiß Bruno , Laggner Anton N. , Luger Anton 
Published: April 2023

ZusammenfassungAkute Stoffwechselentgleisungen können für Erwachsene in Abhängigkeit von ihrem Ausmaß lebensbedrohlich sein. Dementsprechend sind eine rasche umfassende Diagnostik und Therapie sowie eine enge Überwachung der Vitalparameter und Laborbefunde erforderlich. Bei der Therapie, die sich bei der ketoazidotischen (DKA) und hyperglykämisch-hyperosmolaren (HHS) Form nicht wesentlich unterscheidet, kommt dem Ausgleich des meist beträchtlichen Flüssigkeitsdefizits mit mehreren Litern einer physiologischen kristalloiden Lösung eine vorrangige Rolle zu. Bei den Elektrolyten ist insbesondere auf eine ausgeglichene Serum-Kalium-Konzentration zu achten. Normal-Insulin oder rasch wirksame Analoga können initial als i.v.-Bolus verabreicht werden, in der Folge jedoch kontinuierlich über einen Perfusor. Die Umstellung auf eine subkutane Insulintherapie soll erst bei ausgeglichenem Säure-Basen-Haushalt und zufriedenstellender Glykämie erfolgen.
Diabetesmanagement im Krankenhaus (Update 2023)
Authors: Mader Julia K. , Brix Johanna M. , Aberer Felix , Vonbank Alexander , Resl Michael , Hochfellner Daniel A. , Ress Claudia , Pieber Thomas R. , Stechemesser Lars , Sourij Harald 
Published: April 2023

ZusammenfassungDieses Positionspapier beinhaltet die Empfehlungen der Österreichischen Diabetes Gesellschaft zum Management von erwachsenen Patient:innen mit Diabetes mellitus während stationärer Aufenthalte und basiert auf aktueller Evidenz zu Blutglukosezielbereichen, Insulintherapie und Therapie mit oralen/injizierbaren Antidiabetika während stationärer Aufenthalte. Zusätzlich werden Spezialsituationen wie intravenöse Insulintherapie, begleitende Steroidtherapie sowie die Anwendung von Diabetestechnologie im stationären Bereich diskutiert.