bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bringing the Party Back into the Community: Restructuring Grassroots Governance in Shenzhen
Authors: Cai Changkun , Liu Ying , Jiang Weiqi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWhile burgeoning research on China's state–society relations has paid attention to the Party, little is known about how the Party interacts with diverse actors and involves itself at the grassroots level in a specific region. This article delineates Party-advancement strategies at the community level in Shenzhen since 2013. To reclaim its leading role at the grassroots level, the Party opted for “Party–government disaggregation” by framing community governance as a Party-building affair, separating the government's affairs from those of the Party and “kicking” the government out of the community. Under the rubric of “reshaping Party–mass relations,” the Party penetrated deep into the community by innovating a “centre-periphery” organizational system, absorbing community elites in a top-down way and using a “service delivery taking the lead” method in a reciprocal exchange. In the end, the Party-governance structure, in which Party–mass relations are at the core, was reframed in the communities.
‘The dialogue between a cat and a mouse’ inMahābhārata12.136 and narratives about spiritual liberation (mokṣa) in Ancient Indian literature
Authors: Negribs Valters 
Published: February 2023

Abstract‘The dialogue between a cat and a mouse’ (Mārjāramūṣakasaṃvāda) is an animal fable used in theMahābhāratato provide instruction in statecraft (nīti). This article argues that theMahābhārataversion of this tale must be based on an earlier soteriological allegory about a brahmin who provides spiritual liberation to a king in exchange for protection. TheMārjāramūṣakasaṃvādaabounds in terms and phrases that, in addition to their everyday meanings, have a technical or typical usage in the ascetic traditions of Ancient India. Moreover, the conversation between the cat and the mouse resembles that between a teacher and a disciple, rather than a discussion of a possible alliance between two kings. The hunter of theMārjāramūṣakasaṃvādacan be identified with the Buddhist Māra. To support the plausibility of this soteriological reading, the article includes a discussion of Buddhistjātakas with a similar plot.
‘The Whole Nature of the Child’: Children and Youth at the Lambeth Conferences
Authors: García Emily J. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis article examines the ways the Lambeth Conference resolutions discuss children and youth. It is a contribution to the work of identifying historical Anglican theological perspectives on children. Opening with a brief definition and review of theologies of childhood, it then presents chronologically (1857–1998) and briefly analyzes the resolutions which name ‘children’ or ‘youth’; it closes with an analysis of how the Lambeth resolutions map onto three basic claims shared by the reviewed theologies of childhood.
Rapid 21st Century Weakening of the Agulhas Current in a Warming Climate
Authors: Zhang Ruize , Sun Shantong , Chen Zhaohui , Yang Haiyuan , Wu Lixin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe Agulhas Current (AC) is a critical component of the global ocean circulation. Climate models consistently project the AC to decline in the 21st century. Previous studies typically attributed the weakening of AC to changes in Indian Ocean wind and/or a decline of the Indonesian Throughflow (ITF) transport. However, our analysis suggests that changes in local surface wind and ITF can only explain a portion of the model‐simulated AC changes. Using a hierarchy of models, we show that the decline of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) strength in a warming climate could also contribute substantially to the AC weakening. Following a weakening of the AMOC, the baroclinic structure of the AC is also modified such that the AC is shoaled to a shallower depth, communicated between basins via Kelvin waves. Our results highlight the importance of remote processes in future western boundary current changes.
Can Clay Mimic the High Reflectivity of Briny Water Below the Martian SPLD?
Authors: Cosciotti Barbara , Mattei Elisabetta , Brin Alessandro , Lauro Sebastian Emanuel , Stillman David E. , Cunje Alister , Hickson Dylan , Caprarelli Graziella , Pettinelli Elena 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIt has recently been suggested that clay minerals, which are widespread on the Martian surface, could be the possible source of the basal bright reflections detected by MARSIS at Ultimi Scopuli, instead of briny water. This hypothesis is based on dielectric measurements on a wet Ca‐Montorillonite (STx‐1b) sample conducted at 230 K, which reported permittivity values (apparent permittivity of 39 at 4 MHz) compatible with the median value of 33 retrieved by MARSIS 4 MHz data inversion in the high reflectivity area. These experimental results are, however, incompatible with well‐established dielectric theory and with laboratory measurements on clays, at MARSIS frequency and Martian temperatures, reported in the literature. Here, we replicate the experiment using a setup to precisely control the rate of cooling/warming and the temperature inside and outside the clay sample. We found that the rate of cooling, the position of the temperature sensor and, consequently, the thermal equilibrium between the sample and the sensor play a fundamental role in the reliability of the measurements. Our results indicate that even for a large water content in the clay sample, at 230 K and 4 MHz, the apparent permittivity is only 8.4, dropping to 4.1 at 200 K, ruling out clays as a possible source of the bright reflections detected by MARSIS at the base of the SPLD.
The association between patterns of early respiratory disease and diastolic dysfunction in preterm infants
Authors: de Waal Koert , Crendal Edward , Poon Amy Chin-Yu , Latheef Mariyam Shaya , Sachawars Elias , MacDougall Thomas , Phad Nilkant 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
This study aims to determine the association between clinical patterns of early respiratory disease and diastolic dysfunction in preterm infants.

Methods
Preterm infants <29 weeks’ gestation underwent cardiac ultrasounds around day 7 and 14–21. Respiratory dysfunction patterns were classified as stable (ST), respiratory deterioration (RD) or early persistent respiratory dysfunction (EPRD) according to oxygen need. Diastolic dysfunction was diagnosed using a multi-parameter approach including left atrial strain (LASR) to help differentiate between cardiac or pulmonary pathophysiology.

Results
98 infants (mean 27 weeks) were included. The prevalence of ST, RD and EPRD was 53%, 21% and 26% respectively. Diastolic dysfunction was more prevalent in the RD and EPRD groups with patent ductus arteriosus and significant growth restriction as risk factors. Not all infants with a PDA developed diastolic dysfunction. LASR was lower in the EPDR group.

Conclusion
Respiratory dysfunction patterns are associated with diastolic dysfunction in preterm infants.
Comparative analysis of EpCAM high-expressing and low-expressing circulating tumour cells with regard to their clonal relationship and clinical value
Authors: Franken André , Kraemer Annika , Sicking Alicia , Watolla Meike , Rivandi Mahdi , Yang Liwen , Warfsmann Jens , Polzer Bernhard M. , Friedl Thomas W. P. , Meier-Stiegen Franziska , Stoecklein Nikolas H. , Dayan Davut , Riethdorf Sabine , Mueller Volkmar , Pantel Klaus , Koch André , Hartkopf Andreas D. , Krawczyk Natalia , Ruckhaeberle Eugen , Niederacher Dieter , Fehm Tanja , Neubauer Hans 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Circulating tumour cells (CTCs) are mainly enriched based on the epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM). Although it was shown that an EpCAM low-expressing CTC fraction is not captured by such approaches, knowledge about its prognostic and predictive relevance and its relation to EpCAM-positive CTCs is lacking.

Methods
We developed an immunomagnetic assay to enrich CTCs from metastatic breast cancer patients EpCAM independently using antibodies against Trop-2 and CD-49f and characterised their EpCAM expression. DNA of single EpCAM high expressing and low expressing CTCs was analyzed regarding chromosomal aberrations and predictive mutations. Additionally, we compared CTC-enrichment on the CellSearch system using this antibody mix and the EpCAM based enrichment.

Results
Both antibodies acted synergistically in capturing CTCs. Patients with EpCAM high-expressing CTCs had a worse overall and progression-free survival. EpCAM high- and low-expressing CTCs presented similar chromosomal aberrations and mutations indicating a close evolutionary relationship. A sequential enrichment of CTCs from the EpCAM-depleted fraction yielded a population of CTCs not captured EpCAM dependently but harbouring predictive information.

Conclusions
Our data indicate that EpCAM low-expressing CTCs could be used as a valuable tumour surrogate material—although they may be prognostically less relevant than EpCAM high-expressing CTCs—and have particular benefit if no CTCs are detected using EpCAM-dependent technologies.
Is it still worth pursuing the repurposing of metformin as a cancer therapeutic?
Authors: Lord Simon R. , Harris Adrian L. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractOver the past 15 years, there has been great interest in the potential to repurpose the diabetes drug, metformin, as a cancer treatment. However, despite considerable efforts being made to investigate its efficacy in a number of large randomised clinical trials in different tumour types, results have been disappointing to date. This perspective article summarises how interest initially developed in the oncological potential of metformin and the diverse clinical programme of work to date including our contribution to establishing the intra-tumoral pharmacodynamic effects of metformin in the clinic. We also discuss the lessons that can be learnt from this experience and whether a further clinical investigation of metformin in cancer is warranted.
Lineage tracing of mutant granulosa cells reveals in vivo protective mechanisms that prevent granulosa cell tumorigenesis
Authors: Niu Shudong , Cheng Kaixin , Jia Longzhong , Liang Jing , Mu Lu , Wang Yibo , Yang Xuebing , Yang Chen , Zhang Yan , Wang Chao , Huang Lijun , Wang Huarong , Zhang Shuang , Zhang Hua 
Published: February 2023

AbstractOvarian granulosa cell tumors (GCTs) originate from granulosa cells (GCs) and represent the most common sex cord-stromal tumor in humans. However, the developmental regulations and molecular mechanisms underlying their etiology are largely unknown. In the current study, we combined a multi-fluorescent reporter mouse model with a conditional knockout mouse model, in which the tumor suppressor genes Pten and p27 were deleted in GCs, to perform cell lineage tracing of mutant GCs. We found that only 30% of ovaries with substantial mutant GCs developed into GCTs that derived from a single mutant GC. In-depth molecular analysis of the process of tumorigenesis demonstrated that up-regulation of immune evasion genes Cd24a and Cd47 led, in part, to the transition of mutant GCs to GCTs. Therefore, treatment with the Cd47 inhibitor RRX-001 was tested and found to efficiently suppress the growth of GCTs in vivo. Together, our study has revealed an immune evasion mechanism via CD24/CD47 upregulation to GCT formation, shedding light on the future potential clinical therapies for GCTs.
High-plex protein and whole transcriptome co-mapping at cellular resolution with spatial CITE-seq
Authors: Liu Yang , DiStasio Marcello , Su Graham , Asashima Hiromitsu , Enninful Archibald , Qin Xiaoyu , Deng Yanxiang , Nam Jungmin , Gao Fu , Bordignon Pino , Cassano Marco , Tomayko Mary , Xu Mina , Halene Stephanie , Craft Joseph E. , Hafler David , Fan Rong 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this study, we extended co-indexing of transcriptomes and epitopes (CITE) to the spatial dimension and demonstrated high-plex protein and whole transcriptome co-mapping. We profiled 189 proteins and whole transcriptome in multiple mouse tissue types with spatial CITE sequencing and then further applied the method to measure 273 proteins and transcriptome in human tissues, revealing spatially distinct germinal center reactions in tonsil and early immune activation in skin at the Coronavirus Disease 2019 mRNA vaccine injection site.
Engineered human hepatocyte organoids enable CRISPR-based target discovery and drug screening for steatosis
Authors: Hendriks Delilah , Brouwers Jos F. , Hamer Karien , Geurts Maarten H. , Luciana Léa , Massalini Simone , López-Iglesias Carmen , Peters Peter J. , Rodríguez-Colman Maria J. , Chuva de Sousa Lopes Susana , Artegiani Benedetta , Clevers Hans 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe lack of registered drugs for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is partly due to the paucity of human-relevant models for target discovery and compound screening. Here we use human fetal hepatocyte organoids to model the first stage of NAFLD, steatosis, representing three different triggers: free fatty acid loading, interindividual genetic variability (PNPLA3 I148M) and monogenic lipid disorders (APOB and MTTP mutations). Screening of drug candidates revealed compounds effective at resolving steatosis. Mechanistic evaluation of effective drugs uncovered repression of de novo lipogenesis as the convergent molecular pathway. We present FatTracer, a CRISPR screening platform to identify steatosis modulators and putative targets using APOB−/− and MTTP−/− organoids. From a screen targeting 35 genes implicated in lipid metabolism and/or NAFLD risk, FADS2 (fatty acid desaturase 2) emerged as an important determinant of hepatic steatosis. Enhancement of FADS2 expression increases polyunsaturated fatty acid abundancy which, in turn, reduces de novo lipogenesis. These organoid models facilitate study of steatosis etiology and drug targets.
Extending and improving metagenomic taxonomic profiling with uncharacterized species using MetaPhlAn 4
Authors: Blanco-Míguez Aitor , Beghini Francesco , Cumbo Fabio , McIver Lauren J. , Thompson Kelsey N. , Zolfo Moreno , Manghi Paolo , Dubois Leonard , Huang Kun D. , Thomas Andrew Maltez , Nickols William A. , Piccinno Gianmarco , Piperni Elisa , Punčochář Michal , Valles-Colomer Mireia , Tett Adrian , Giordano Francesca , Davies Richard , Wolf Jonathan , Berry Sarah E. , Spector Tim D. , Franzosa Eric A. , Pasolli Edoardo , Asnicar Francesco , Huttenhower Curtis , Segata Nicola 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMetagenomic assembly enables new organism discovery from microbial communities, but it can only capture few abundant organisms from most metagenomes. Here we present MetaPhlAn 4, which integrates information from metagenome assemblies and microbial isolate genomes for more comprehensive metagenomic taxonomic profiling. From a curated collection of 1.01 M prokaryotic reference and metagenome-assembled genomes, we define unique marker genes for 26,970 species-level genome bins, 4,992 of them taxonomically unidentified at the species level. MetaPhlAn 4 explains ~20% more reads in most international human gut microbiomes and >40% in less-characterized environments such as the rumen microbiome and proves more accurate than available alternatives on synthetic evaluations while also reliably quantifying organisms with no cultured isolates. Application of the method to >24,500 metagenomes highlights previously undetected species to be strong biomarkers for host conditions and lifestyles in human and mouse microbiomes and shows that even previously uncharacterized species can be genetically profiled at the resolution of single microbial strains.
Network expansion of genetic associations defines a pleiotropy map of human cell biology
Authors: Barrio-Hernandez Inigo , Schwartzentruber Jeremy , Shrivastava Anjali , del-Toro Noemi , Gonzalez Asier , Zhang Qian , Mountjoy Edward , Suveges Daniel , Ochoa David , Ghoussaini Maya , Bradley Glyn , Hermjakob Henning , Orchard Sandra , Dunham Ian , Anderson Carl A. , Porras Pablo , Beltrao Pedro 
Published: February 2023

AbstractInteracting proteins tend to have similar functions, influencing the same organismal traits. Interaction networks can be used to expand the list of candidate trait-associated genes from genome-wide association studies. Here, we performed network-based expansion of trait-associated genes for 1,002 human traits showing that this recovers known disease genes or drug targets. The similarity of network expansion scores identifies groups of traits likely to share an underlying genetic and biological process. We identified 73 pleiotropic gene modules linked to multiple traits, enriched in genes involved in processes such as protein ubiquitination and RNA processing. In contrast to gene deletion studies, pleiotropy as defined here captures specifically multicellular-related processes. We show examples of modules linked to human diseases enriched in genes with known pathogenic variants that can be used to map targets of approved drugs for repurposing. Finally, we illustrate the use of network expansion scores to study genes at inflammatory bowel disease genome-wide association study loci, and implicate inflammatory bowel disease-relevant genes with strong functional and genetic support.
CD40 signal rewires fatty acid and glutamine metabolism for stimulating macrophage anti-tumorigenic functions
Authors: Liu Pu-Ste , Chen Yi-Ting , Li Xiaoyun , Hsueh Pei-Chun , Tzeng Sheue-Fen , Chen Hsi , Shi Pei-Zhu , Xie Xin , Parik Sweta , Planque Mélanie , Fendt Sarah-Maria , Ho Ping-Chih 
Published: February 2023

AbstractExposure of lipopolysaccharide triggers macrophage pro-inflammatory polarization accompanied by metabolic reprogramming, characterized by elevated aerobic glycolysis and a broken tricarboxylic acid cycle. However, in contrast to lipopolysaccharide, CD40 signal is able to drive pro-inflammatory and anti-tumorigenic polarization by some yet undefined metabolic programming. Here we show that CD40 activation triggers fatty acid oxidation (FAO) and glutamine metabolism to promote ATP citrate lyase-dependent epigenetic reprogramming of pro-inflammatory genes and anti-tumorigenic phenotypes in macrophages. Mechanistically, glutamine usage reinforces FAO-induced pro-inflammatory and anti-tumorigenic activation by fine-tuning the NAD+/NADH ratio via glutamine-to-lactate conversion. Genetic ablation of important metabolic enzymes involved in CD40-mediated metabolic reprogramming abolishes agonistic anti-CD40-induced antitumor responses and reeducation of tumor-associated macrophages. Together these data show that metabolic reprogramming, which includes FAO and glutamine metabolism, controls the activation of pro-inflammatory and anti-tumorigenic polarization, and highlight a therapeutic potential of metabolic preconditioning of tumor-associated macrophages before agonistic anti-CD40 treatments.
Vorasidenib and ivosidenib in IDH1-mutant low-grade glioma: a randomized, perioperative phase 1 trial
Authors: Mellinghoff Ingo K. , Lu Min , Wen Patrick Y. , Taylor Jennie W. , Maher Elizabeth A. , Arrillaga-Romany Isabel , Peters Katherine B. , Ellingson Benjamin M. , Rosenblum Marc K. , Chun Saewon , Le Kha , Tassinari Ania , Choe Sung , Toubouti Youssef , Schoenfeld Steven , Pandya Shuchi S. , Hassan Islam , Steelman Lori , Clarke Jennifer L. , Cloughesy Timothy F. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractVorasidenib and ivosidenib inhibit mutant forms of isocitrate dehydrogenase (mIDH) and have shown preliminary clinical activity against mIDHglioma. We evaluated both agents in a perioperative phase 1 trial to explore the mechanism of action in recurrent low-grade glioma (IGG) and select a molecule for phase 3 testing. Primary end-point was concentration ofd-2-hydroxyglutarate (2-HG), the metabolic product of mIDH enzymes, measured in tumor tissue from 49 patients with mIDH1-R132H nonenhancing gliomas following randomized treatment with vorasidenib (50 mg or 10 mg once daily, q.d.), ivosidenib (500 mg q.d. or 250 mg twice daily) or no treatment before surgery. Tumor 2-HG concentrations were reduced by 92.6% (95% credible interval (CrI), 76.1–97.6) and 91.1% (95% CrI, 72.0–97.0) in patients treated with vorasidenib 50 mg q.d. and ivosidenib 500 mg q.d., respectively. Both agents were well tolerated and follow-up is ongoing. In exploratory analyses, 2-HG reduction was associated with increased DNA 5-hydroxymethylcytosine, reversal of ‘proneural’ and ‘stemness’ gene expression signatures, decreased tumor cell proliferation and immune cell activation. Vorasidenib, which showed brain penetrance and more consistent 2-HG suppression than ivosidenib, was advanced to phase 3 testing in patients with mIDHLGGs. Funded by Agios Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Servier Pharmaceuticals LLC; ClinicalTrials.gov number NCT03343197.
The shape parameters of coal and gangue particles derived from 3D scanning
Authors: Yang Daolong , Tang Jinjing , Hu Ningning , Xia Youtao , Yu Yanting , Huang Qianqian 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe irregular shape of mineral particles directly affects the angle of repose, bulk density and flow-properties, and the interaction behaviour between the particles and a contact surface. This paper presents a dataset of spatial data and shape parameters collected from 37 gangue particles and 135 anthracite coal particles, which come from the Shangzhuang Coal Mine. The particle surface models were obtained by a Wiiboox white light raster 3D scanner and Reeyee software. To obtain the scanning surface, each particle was scanned 8 times in different axial rotation directions. The final scanning model was obtained by stacking two scanning surfaces, and the shape parameters, such as length ratio, flatness ratio, and Zingg index, were obtained. This dataset is particularly useful for researchers and engineers who want to investigate the shape of coal and gangue particles or who want to test or benchmark measurement methods concerning the three-dimensional morphology of particles.
Numerical simulation on energy transfer enhancement of a Williamson ferrofluid subjected to thermal radiation and a magnetic field using hybrid ultrafine particles
Authors: Swalmeh Mohammed Z. , Alwawi Firas A. , Kausar Muhammad Salman , Ibrahim Mohd Asrul Hery , Hamarsheh Abdulkareem Saleh , Sulaiman Ibrahim Mohammed , Awwal Aliyu Muhammed , Pakkaranang Nuttapol , Panyanak Bancha 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this numerical investigation, completely developed laminar convective heat transfer characteristics of a Williamson hybrid ferronanofluid over a cylindrical surface are reported. This new model in 2D is engaged to examine the effects of the magnetic field, thermal radiation factor, volume fraction of ultrafine particles, and Weissenberg number with the help of the Keller box method. The numerical calculations are implemented at a magnetic parameter range of 0.4 to 0.8, volume fraction range of 0.0 to 0.1, and a Weissenberg number range of 0.1 to 0.8. The numerical outcomes concluded that the velocity increases when the thermal radiation parameter and the volume fraction of a nanoparticle are increased, but inverse impacts are obtained for the magnetic parameter and the Weissenberg number. The rate of energy transport increases with increasing thermal radiation and volume fraction, while it declines with increasing the magnetic parameter and Weissenberg number. The drag force shows a positive relationship with the thermal radiation parameter and has an opposite relationship with the Weissenberg number and the magnetic parameter. Furthermore, even when the magnetic field, thermal radiation, volume fraction, and Weissenberg number are all present, the heat transfer rate of Williamson hybrid ferronanofluid is greater than that of mono Williamson ferronanofluid.