bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modelling spatiotemporal variation in under-five malaria risk in Ghana in 2016-2021
Authors: Aheto Justice Moses K. , Menezes Lynette J. , Takramah Wisdom , Cui Liwang 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Ghana is among the top 10 highest malaria burden countries, with about 20000 children dying annually, 25% of which were under five years. This study aimed to produce interactive web-based disease spatial maps and identify the high-burden malaria districts in Ghana.
Methods
The study used data in 2016–2021 from the routine health service nationally representative and comprehensive District Health Information Management System II (DHIMS2) implemented by the Ghana Health Service. Bayesian geospatial modeling and interactive web-based spatial disease mapping methods were employed to quantify spatial variations and clustering in malaria risk across 260 districts. For each district, the study simultaneously mapped the observed malaria counts, district name, standardized incidence rate, and predicted relative risk and their associated standard errors using interactive web-based visualization methods.
Results
A total of 32,659,240 malaria cases were reported among children < 5 years from 2016 to 2021. Factors associated with malaria risk are the log number of children (log-mean − 0.99, 95% credible interval = -1.06 – -0.92) and the log number of males (log-mean 0.21, 95% credible interval = 0.18–0.23). The study found substantial spatial and temporal differences in malaria risk across the 260 districts. The predicted national relative risk was 1.23 (SE: 0.0084) with a range of 0.0012 to 4.8291. Using the 2021 data, residing in Keta, Abuakwa South, Jomoro, Ahafo Ano South East, Tain, Nanumba North, and Tatale Sanguli districts was associated with the highest malaria risk ranging from a relative risk of 3.00 to 4.83. The district-level spatial patterns of malaria risks changed over time.
Conclusion
This study identified high malaria risk districts in Ghana where urgent and targeted control efforts are required. It provides an effective, actionable tool to arm policymakers and program managers in their efforts to reduce malaria risk and its associated morbidity and mortality in line with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) 3.2 in a setting with limited public health resources, where universal intervention across all districts is practically impossible.
A Survey of Graph Federation Learning for Data Privacy Security Scenarios
Authors: Luo Guangsheng , Fang ZhiJun , Zhao Xiaoli , Chen Mingxuan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In recent years, the research on Graph Neural Networks(GNNs) and Federated Learning(FL) has become more and more mature. However, these studies rely heavily on training data. With the improvement of user data privacy awareness and the emphasis on data security at the national level, the training data has become relatively large. difficulty. Moreover, in practical application scenarios, most of the data is unstructured, making it very important to adopt GNNs to learn representations. This paper will give a comprehensive overview of the fusion learning algorithm of GNNs and FL under the framework of distributed machine learning from the perspective of data privacy and security. First, an overview of the current challenges of graph federated learning(GFL); then, an in-depth analysis of GFL methods, and an extended exploration of the topology of graphs; then, focus on several graph-structured federated learning privacy calculations, communication mechanisms, etc. Secondly, it makes a comparative analysis of the common methods of GFL, experimental data sets and experimental evaluations; finally, this paper looks forward to the research hotspots of GFL in combination with privacy and security.
Thumbnail Generation for User Defined Aspect Ratios
Authors: Verma Abhigya , Singh Anushka , . Arti , Lamba Dhairya , Yadav Gunjan , Jain Radhika , Jain Suhani , Mohapatra A.K. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
A thumbnail is a scaled-down version of an image that provides a visual summary with low resolution. Thumbnails are commonly used in digital media like Photo galleries and video-sharing websites. Through this research, a comparison has been presented between three thumbnail generation techniques and for what scenarios they are suitable. The first two methods are predefined methods provided by Microsoft Azure Services and do not provide satisfactory results. The third method discussed in this paper uses a traditional deep learning approach by modifying the layers of the VGG-16 model and performing regression on a dataset of 1000 images to give bounding box coordinates of the most important area of the image as the output and a validation accuracy of 47.99 percent. A competitive analysis with respect to the results is shown in the below sections.
Performance of MIMO Ad Hoc Network Integrating the AODV Multipath Routing Secret Sharing Scheme with Space Time Coding
Authors: Boral Soma , Mondal Arun Kumar 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
AODV Secret Sharing Scheme with Space Time Coding was proposed to utilize the spatial diversity of MIMO systems to improve the diversity gain and coding gain with multipath routing to prevent the loss of data caused by specific link failures or path failures. In this paper we analysis the performance of MIMO Ad Hoc network integrating the AODV Secret Sharing Scheme with Space Time Coding to overcome the difficult conditions on the channel. The main objective of this system is to improve network throughput and network coverage and save energy with different SNR values. The theoretical performance analysis for the proposed STBC- AODV Secret Sharing Scheme is presented. The performance analysis of the orthogonal STBC coding system with different combination of antennas are analysed to measure the bit error rate. The advantages of the STBC- AODV Secret Sharing Scheme are also shown by simulations.
A comparison between physical therapy clinics with high and low rehabilitative volumes in patients with ACL reconstruction
Authors: Simonsson Rebecca , Högberg Johan , Lindskog Jakob , Piussi Ramana , Sundberg Axel , Sansone Mikael , Samuelsson Kristian , Thomeé Roland , Senorski Eric Hamrin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background Treatment volume can impact outcomes after surgical procedures of the knee between surgeons with high- and low-patient-volumes. However, the difference between physical therapeutic clinics with high- and low-volumes has not been widely researched. This registry study aims to investigate how patient volume affects knee function outcomes after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction at physical therapy clinics in terms of odds for a second ACL injury, return to pre-injury level of sports, perceived knee function, and recovery of strength and hop performance. Method Data were extracted from the Project ACL, a local rehabilitation registry. High- and low-volume clinics were defined based on the number of patients who attended different clinics. High-volume clinics were defined as those with > 100 patient registrations in Project ACL during the study period while low-volume clinics were those with ≤ 100 patient registrations. High- and low-volume clinics were compared, based on muscle function and patient-reported outcomes across 4 follow-ups during the first year after ACL reconstruction, and odds of second ACL injury up to 2 years after ACL reconstruction. Result Of the 115 rehabilitation clinics included, 111were classified as low-volume clinics, and 4 as high-volume clinics. There were 31 (1.6%) second ACL injuries to the ipsilateral or contralateral side within the first year and 68 (4.0%) within two years. No difference in the incidence of a second ACL injury, within 1 year follow-up OR 0.95 [95% CI 0.46–1.97] or within 2 years follow-up OR 1.13 [95% CI 0.68–1.88], was found between high- and low-volume clinics. There were early (2 months) and non-clinically relevant differences in PROs and physical activity levels early after ACL reconstruction in favor of high-volume clinics. One year after ACL reconstruction, no differences were observed between high- and low-volume clinics in terms of PROs, muscle function, and return to pre-injury sports. Conclusion No clinically relevant difference in the incidence of secondary ACL injuries in patients who underwent rehabilitation after ACL reconstruction at high- or low-volume physical therapy clinics was found. In addition, no clinically relevant differences in outcomes were found during the first year in terms of patient-reported outcomes, recovery of muscle function, or return to pre-injury sports.
Utility of 18F-FDG PET/CT in treatment strategies for patients with cancer of unknown primary
Authors: Huang Rong , Zhang Yun , Hu Yuxiao 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objective
To evaluate the role of 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging in primary tumor detection and treatment formulation in patients with cancer of unknown primary (CUP).
Methods
Sixty-two patients with CUP were selected from a database consisting of 18,802 cases in the Jiangsu Cancer Hospital PET/CT centre from 18 May 2016 to 18 November 2022. Clinical data and changes in treatment strategies before and after PET/CT were collected.
Results
A total of 42 primary tumors (42/62, 67.7%) were identified by PET/CT examination. The tumor staging of patients before conventional PET/CT imaging (such as CT/MRI/US) and after PET/CT did not change in 28 patients (28/62, 45.2%), whereas for 35 patients (34/62, 54.8%) tumor staging changed. Forty-five patients (45/62, 72.6%) had not developed treatment plans before PET/CT examination, but treatment plans were clarified after PET/CT examination. Thirteen patients (13/62, 21.0%) underwent changes in treatments before and after PET/CT examination. Among the 20 patients (20/62, 32.3%) whose primary tumors were not detected, 16 patients (16/20, 80.0%) had no treatment plans before PET/CT and the treatment plans were defined after PET/CT, three patients (3/20, 15.0%) changed the treatment plans before and after PET/CT, and one patient (1/20, 5.0%) did not change the treatment plan.
Conclusion
18F-FDG PET/CT plays an important role in the detection and staging of primary tumors in patients with CUP. PET/CT findings can not only help clinicians develop appropriate treatment plans for patients with CUP, but also serve as an effective approach to improve real-life treatment strategies for these patients.
Interest in Peer Support Among Singaporean Adults with Symptoms of Anxiety and Depression
Authors: Teo Irene , Puri Jyotika , Chodavadia Parth , Huan Ho Jia , Poremski Daniel , Fung Daniel Shuen Sheng , Finkelstein Eric Andrew 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Access to formal mental healthcare is low in Asia. Peer-support can be a viable alternative, gateway, or complement to formal mental healthcare. The current study examined interest in various types of peer support, including individual vs. group and virtual vs. in-person, among Singaporean adults with symptoms of anxiety or depression and their preferences and perceptions surrounding peer support.
Methods
A cross-sectional online survey was administered to members of a web panel. Participants with symptoms of depression or anxiety based on the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 screener were surveyed. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine factors associated with greater interest in peer support.
Results
350 panel members met our inclusion criteria. 62% indicated interest in receiving peer support. The strongest preference was for one-on-one support delivered virtually. Younger age (OR = 1.05, p < .01), working in white-collar managerial as opposed to white-collar non-managerial positions (OR = 1.96, p < .05), utilizing formal healthcare in the last 3 months (OR = 2.45, p < .05), and previously providing peer support (OR = 7.33, p < .01) were associated with greater interest in receiving peer support. Most of those not interested in peer support cited concerns around confidentiality.
Conclusions
Despite low uptake of formal mental healthcare, the majority of adult Singaporeans surveyed with anxiety or depression symptoms indicated interest in receiving peer support. Greater efforts to promote peer support programs can be part of a comprehensive strategy to address rising rates of poor mental health in Singapore.
Relationship between BMI and CD4 cell counts among people living with HIV on ART attending Infectious Disease Hospital, Kano State
Authors: David Olaoye Olalekan , Isyaku Mikail Umar , Etukudo Ekom Monday , Usman Ibe Michael 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
There are currently an estimated 38 million people living with HIV (PLWHIV) in the globe. The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between Body mass index (BMI) and CD4 cell counts among people living with HIV attending Infectious Disease Hospital, Kano State.
Method
Two hundred HIV-positive and non-HIV positive above 18 years of age were recruited for the study. Blood samples were collected from both categories for the determination of CD4 count. The relationship between the height, weight, BMI, and CD4 cell counts was examined using Pearson correlation, and a p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Result
Mean heights of among male HIV subject (1.66 ± 0.07) was significantly higher (p < 0.001) compared to female HIV subjects (1.54 ± 0.09). BMI was significantly higher (p < 0.001) in female HIV subjects (24.74 ± 4.95) when compared to male HIV subjects (21.78 ± 2.73). There was a moderate positive correlation (r = 0.280, p = 0.006) between CD4 cell count and height in non-HIV males; however, there was no significant correlation between CD4 count and BMI in HIV and non-HIV individuals.
Conclusion
The study concludes that there exists sexual dimorphism in HIV subjects among people living with HIV. There was no significant relationship between CD4 cell count and BMI in HIV and non-HIV individuals.
Incorporating ε-Polylysine Hydrochloride, Tea Polyphenols, Nisin, and Ascorbic Acid into Edible Coating Solutions: Effect on Oxidation and Structure of Marinated Egg Proteins
Authors: Liu Jingbo , Han Lu , Cheng Dongkun , Li Shengrao , Chen Xiumei , Yu Yiding , Zhang Deju , Zhang Ting 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Egg processing products lose their attractions due to protein oxidation, while the edible coating incorporating antioxidant and antimicrobial agents can address this deficit. In this work, chitosan (CS) in combination with ε-polylysine hydrochloride, tea polyphenols, nisin, and vitamin C (CS-NH-TC) was applied as a novel edible coating material for preserving marinated eggs for 20 days and its effects on protein oxidation and structure, including total sulfhydryl, dityrosine, protein solubility and hydrophobicity, intermolecular forces, particle size, turbidity, secondary structure, and microstructure were determined. Compared to uncoated marinated eggs (Sulfhydryl: 12.02 μmol/g, soluble protein: 1.13 mg/mL, dityrosine: 6251.8, protein hydrophobicity: 3691, turbidity: 0.13 mg/mL, particle size: 342.13 nm), CS- and CS-NH-TC-coated eggs exhibited improved protein stability, as evidenced by a higher sulfhydryl (22.20 and 30.92 μmol/g) and soluble protein content (1.31 and 1.42 mg/mL), and lower dityrosine content (4722 and 4216), protein hydrophobicity (2891.72 and 865.75), turbidity (0.06 and 0.03 mg/mL), and particle size (292.06 and 256.57 nm). Additionally, edible coatings, especially CS-NH-TC coatings, were positively correlated with smaller intermolecular force changes in marinated eggs, corresponding to suppressed oxidation and improved structural stability. Furthermore, CS-NH-TC-coated samples showed more stable protein secondary structures and less disorderly and aggregated protein microstructure. Our study could provide a theoretical basis for stabilizing the protein structure of egg processing products.
Users’ Motivations for Facebook Unfriending During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Survey Study
Authors: Neely Stephen 
Published: July 2023

Background
Social networking sites (SNSs) such as Facebook have been central to the global exchange of health-related information throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, but during this time, increased web-based interactions proved to be a source of stress and conflict for many SNS users. Prior research suggests that many users have engaged in significant boundary regulation during this period, using behaviors such as unfriending to refine and reorient their social networks in response to pandemic-related information.

Objective
This study aimed to examine Facebook unfriending during and in relation to the first year of the pandemic to better understand how SNS users have managed and maintained their social networks around the COVID-19 pandemic. On the one hand, unfriending may be motivated by an attempt to protect the utility and accuracy of a user’s informational environment. On the other hand, it may be motivated by a desire to tune out alternative viewpoints and opinions. Both motivations may have significant implications for public health discourse and outcomes.

Methods
A sample of 824 active Facebook users (drawn from a representative survey of 1000 American adults) was analyzed using a series of logit regression models. Survey respondents were selected using a stratified quota sampling approach to ensure a representative sample of the US population. Balanced quotas were determined (by the region of the country) for sex, age, race, ethnicity, and political affiliation.

Results
In total, 31.7% (261/824) of active Facebook users unfriended at least one account over COVID-19 pandemic–related posts during the first year of the pandemic. The most common reasons for unfriending included “making political comments about COVID-19” (191/824, 23.2%) and “posting information that was inconsistent with public health guidelines” (162/824, 19.7%). As hypothesized, reliance on Facebook for COVID-19 pandemic–related news and information was associated with a greater likelihood of unfriending, particularly in response to information that was inconsistent with public health guidelines. Political factors (particularly partisan intensity) were also predictive of unfriending, especially in the case of COVID-19 pandemic–related disagreements.

Conclusions
Both information utility concerns and political factors were associated with a greater likelihood of COVID-19 pandemic–related unfriending, although the magnitude of the effects associated with utility appears to be greater. Although utility-motivated unfriending may lead to more reliable health information experiences for some SNS users, the tendency of consumers to assess accuracy and credibility on the basis of partisan predilections obscures this finding and warrants further consideration.
Demographic Comparison of Information Security Behavior Toward Health Information System Protection: Survey Study
Authors: Sari Puspita Kencana , Handayani Putu Wuri , Hidayanto Achmad Nizar 
Published: July 2023

Background
The health information system (HIS) functions are getting wider with more diverse users. Information security in the health industry is crucial because it involves comprehensive and strategic information that might harm human life. The human factor is one of the biggest security threats to HIS.

Objective
This study aims to investigate the information security behavior (ISB) of HIS users using a comprehensive assessment scale suited to the information security concerns in health care. Patients are increasingly being asked to submit their own data into HIS systems. As a result, this study examines the security behavior of health workers and patients, as well as their demographic variables.

Methods
We used a quantitative approach using surveys of health workers and patients. We created a research instrument from 4 existing measurement scales to measure prosecurity and antisecurity behavior. We analyzed statistical differences to test the hypotheses, that is, the Kruskal-Wallis test and the Mann-Whitney test. The descriptive analysis was used to determine whether the group exhibited exemplary behavior when processing the survey results. A correlational test using the Spearman correlation coefficient was performed to establish the significance of the relationship between ISB and age as well as level of education.

Results
We analyzed 421 responses from the survey. According to demographic factors, the hypotheses tested for full and partial security behavior reveal substantial differences. Education levels most significantly affect security behavior differences, followed by user type, gender, and age. The health workers’ ISB is higher than that of the patients. Women are more likely than men to engage in prosecurity actions while avoiding antisecurity behaviors. The older the HIS user, the more likely it is that they will participate in prosecurity behavior and the less probable it is that they will engage in antisecurity behavior. According to this study, differences in prosecurity behavior are mostly impacted by education level. Higher education, on the other hand, does not guarantee improved ISB for HIS users. All demographic characteristics, particularly concerning user type, show discrepancies that are caused mainly by antisecurity behavior rather than prosecurity behavior.

Conclusions
Since patients engage in antisecurity behavior more frequently than health workers and may pose security risks, health care facilities should start to consider information security education for patients. More comprehensive research on ISB in health care facilities is required to better understand the patient’s perspective, which is currently understudied.
Impacto de la formación educativa emprendedora en la intención emprendedora: un enfoque cognitivo
Authors: Sandoval Álvarez Carlos , Bado Zúñiga Gustavo 
Published: July 2023

<p>Este artículo investiga la influencia de la formación educativa emprendedora en el desarrollo de intenciones emprendedoras de los estudiantes de dirección de empresas. Los autores aplicaron modelación de ecuaciones estructurales a una muestra de estudiantes para probar empíricamente un modelo hipotético fundamentado en marcos teóricos cognitivos sobre la intención. Los resultados de nuestra investigación proveen evidencia que sugiere que la formación educativa emprendedora impacta positivamente en las intenciones emprendedoras de los estudiantes de dirección de empresas mediante un mecanismo indirecto, es decir, al influir favorablemente en las actitudes hacia el emprendimiento y en las percepciones de autoeficacia emprendedora. Asimismo, este estudio ofrece conclusiones e implicaciones relevantes para la academia y para aquellos programas educativos que procuran impulsar el espíritu emprendedor. </p><p> </p>
THE ANALYSIS OF THE THREE DIMENSIONAL MATERIAL OBSERVED FROM THE MATHEMATICAL CRITICAL THINKING ABILITY OF HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS BY APPLYING BRAIN BASED LEARNING (BBL)
Authors: Sayoga Repanda , Nuurjannah Putri Eka Indah 
Published: July 2023

The background of this research was that the mathematical critical thinking ability of the students is still low. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to find out the misconceptions or difficulties of students in each indicator of mathematical critical thinking ability of high school students that learned Brain Based Learning (BBL) with material in the Three Dimensions. This reseacrh used a qualitative approach with theÂ descriptive method. The subjects in this study were the students of XII MIPA 5 class or first grade of senior high school in Subang Regency which was on a total of 32 students. The instrument of this study consisted of a test instrument of mathematical critical thinking ability and a non-test instrument in the form of an observation sheet. The results of this study shows that students almost have difficulty in carrying out tests of mathematical critical thinking skills based on the indicators tested. The indicators of critical thinking ability tested include providing simple clarification (elementary clarification), making conclusion (inference), determining strategies and tactics (strategies and tactics) to solve problems, and making further clarification (advances clarification).