bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Forest Types on Soil Particulate Organic Carbon Contents and Distribution Along a Subtropical Climate Transect in China
Authors: Zheng Zhiheng , Xu Qinqin , Hu Yalin 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe influence of various types of forests on the storage of C in forest soil is significantly more concerned in recent decades, as these ecosystems are crucial for mitigation of the effects of global climate change. Nevertheless, uncertainties remain surrounding the impact of different forest types on the stability and distribution of SOC. The influence of forest types on the content and distribution characteristics in CPOC, FPOC, MAOC fractions. Importantly, we found that the forest types significantly affect the content of SOC (p = 0.020), POC (p < 0.001), and MAOC (p < 0.001), there was a significant forest type × region interaction effect (SOC: p = 0.019, POC: p = 0.025, and MAOC: p = 0.003). The random forest analysis showed that FPOC and MAOC were the main factors affecting SOC which indicated FPOC and MAOC have higher relative importance to SOC. The subtropical forests POC and MAOC storage and distribution are driven by separate environmental factors. POC storage in subtropical forests is mainly controlled by exogenous C inputs and soil transformation processes, while subtropical forests’ MAOC storage is primarily controlled by constraints on C inputs and C stabilization mechanisms. Different environmental factors result in forest types with faster decomposition rates having more C stored in the total soil C pool in the MAOC. Altogether, this research emphasizes the importance of different forest types to SOC pools and provides valuable information for the distribution and stability of SOC fractions in different forest types.
Investigating How All‐Trans Retinoic Acid Polycaprolactone (atRA‐PCL) Microparticles Alter the Material Properties of 3D Printed Fibrin Constructs
Authors: Hangad Maria V. , Forigua Alejandro , Scheck Kali , Willerth Stephanie M. , Elvira Katherine S. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe 3D printing of human tissue constructs requires carefully designed bioinks to support the growth and function of cells. Here it is shown that an additional parameter is how drug‐releasing microparticles affect the material properties of the scaffold. A microfluidic platform is used to create all‐trans retinoic acid (atRA) polycaprolactone (PCL) microparticles with a high encapsulation efficiency (85.9 ± 5.0%), and incorporate them into fibrin constructs to investigate their effect on the material properties. An encapsulation that is around 25–35% higher than the current state of the art batch methods is achieved. It is also found that the drug loading concentration affects the microparticle size, which can be controlled using the microfluidic platform. It is shown that the release of atRA is slower in fibrin constructs than in buffer, and that the presence of atRA in the microparticles modulates both the degradation and the rheological properties of the constructs. Finally, it is shown that the fibrin material exhibits a stronger solid‐like state in the presence of atRA‐PCL microparticles. These findings establish a basis for understanding the interplay between drug‐releasing microparticles and scaffold materials, paving the way for bioinks that achieve tailored degradation and mechanical properties, together with sustained drug delivery for tissue engineering applications.
Artificial Cephalopod Skins with Switchable Appearance Color
Authors: Zhou Jie , Teng Ziqi , Han Zongchen , Wang Kaiyuan , Hu Jianfeng , Li Yiran , Wang Shengjie , Xia Yongqing 
Published: January 2025

AbstractCephalopods such as squids, octopuses, and cuttlefishes can change their bodies’ color to match the surrounding environments by contracting or expanding the sac just below the surface of the skin. Inspired by this mechanism, artificial cephalopod chromatophores which are prepared by thermoresponsive poly(N‐isopropyl acrylamide)‐based hydrogel films embedded with black, red, and yellow pigments are presented, they can swell and shrink under temperature stimuli, like the natural chromatophores. The artificial chromatophores embedded with cuttlefish ink are further used to fabricate artificial J.heathi octopus skin by sandwiched between a transparent outer layer and a transparency‐switchable substrate, thus camouflage skin can be achieved by controlling temperature or NIR irradiation. The artificial chromatophores with red and yellow pigments are further incorporated with the colloidal photonic crystals patches which are embedded in a white substrate, and the iridescence patches keep disappearing‐reappearing with the expanding‐contracting behavior of the pigment‐containing chromatophores, like the skin of squids. These bioinspired artificial skins with the excellent capability of dynamic camouflage have potential applications for color displaying, camouflage, and smart wearable devices.
Electrochromic Fabric Device Based on Lamellar Polyaniline through Inkjet Printing
Authors: Xie Hongjie , Peng Shuanghong , Huang Xiangyu , Fan Suna , Zhang Yaopeng 
Published: January 2025

AbstractFlexible electrochromic devices (FECD) have been widely applied in smart displays, wearable devices, and other fields, however, the synchronous improvement of electrochromic performance and flexibility is still a challenge. In this paper, a fabric‐based FECD with “side‐by‐side” structure is designed and constructed through inkjet printing. The polyaniline nanosheets with good dispersion are used as ink and electrochromic material, and the self‐developed semi‐solid electrolyte based on polyvinyl alcohol serves as gel electrolyte. Benefiting from the improved structure and excellent performance of individual components, the obtained FECD achieves a reflectivity change of 22.9%, and maintains the electrochromic ability after bending for 1000 times. This shows the potential in the field of wearable smart clothing and other flexible textile displays.
Essential Tremor Suppression with a Novel Anti‐Tremor Orthosis: A Randomized Crossover Trial
Authors: Mugge Winfred , Elstgeest Liset E.M. , van Ginkel Milan , Pol Lucas , de Lange IJsbrand , Pambakian Nicola , Assis de Souza Alvaro , Helmich Rick C. , Kamphuis Daan J. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundEssential tremor (ET) is characterized by action tremor of the arms, which can interfere substantially with daily activities. Pharmacotherapy may be ineffective or associated with side effects, and stereotactic surgery is invasive. Hence, new accessible treatment options are urgently needed. An easy‐to‐use and lightweight orthotic device that exerts joint damping may provide an alternative solution for reducing tremor in daily activities.ObjectiveOur goal was to assess the efficacy of a novel anti‐tremor orthosis (STIL) in reducing clinical and accelerometry measures of distal arm tremor in ET.MethodsIn a randomized crossover single‐blinded trial in 24 ET patients in a hospital setting, we compared three conditions: no orthosis (baseline), a sham device, and the anti‐tremor orthosis (order randomized). The orthosis, but not the sham device, passively damped joints in the forearm. Participants performed seven tasks from the Tremor Research Group Essential Tremor Rating Scale (TETRAS). The two co‐primary outcome measures were: clinical tremor severity (video‐scored TETRAS) and tremor power (accelerometry). Patient satisfaction was self‐assessed using the Dutch Quebec User Evaluation of Satisfaction with assistive Technology. Conditions were compared using Wilcoxon signed‐rank tests.ResultsThe anti‐tremor orthosis significantly reduced TETRAS scores compared to sham and baseline (baseline: 19.0 ± 3.2, sham: 13.7 ± 3.9, orthosis: 9.9 ± 3.6; mean ± standard deviation). Similar effects were observed for tremor power, which was reduced by 87.4% (orthosis vs. baseline) and 59.5% (orthosis vs. sham) across all tasks. A total of 71% of participants were (very) satisfied and 12.5% reported minor adverse events (discomfort/redness of skin).ConclusionThe anti‐tremor orthosis had a clinically relevant tremor‐reducing effect in ET in a controlled setting, offering potential for a new treatment to manage ET in daily activities. © 2025 The Author(s). Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Gait Video–Based Prediction of Severity of Cerebellar Ataxia Using Deep Neural Networks
Authors: Eguchi Katsuki , Yaguchi Hiroaki , Uwatoko Hisashi , Iida Yuki , Hamada Shinsuke , Honma Sanae , Takei Asako , Moriwaka Fumio , Yabe Ichiro 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundPose estimation algorithms applied to two‐dimensional videos evaluate gait disturbances; however, a few studies have used this method to evaluate ataxic gait.ObjectiveThe aim was to assess whether a pose estimation algorithm can predict the severity of cerebellar ataxia by applying it to gait videos.MethodsWe video‐recorded 66 patients with degenerative cerebellar diseases performing the timed up‐and‐go test. Key points from the gait videos extracted by a pose estimation algorithm were input into a deep learning model to predict the Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA) score. We also evaluated video segments that the model focused on to predict ataxia severity.ResultsThe model achieved a root‐mean‐square error of 2.30 and a coefficient of determination of 0.79 in predicting the SARA score. It primarily focused on standing, turning, and body sway to assess severity.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that the model may capture gait characteristics from key‐point data and has the potential to predict SARA scores. © 2025 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Optimizing Entanglement in Two‐Qubit Systems
Authors: Luna‐Hernández Salvio , Quintana Claudia , Rosas‐Ortiz Oscar 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTWe investigate entanglement in two‐qubit systems using a geometric representation based on the minimum of essential parameters. The latter is achieved by requiring subsystems with the same entropy, regardless of whether the state of the entire system is pure or mixed. The geometric framework is provided by a convex set that forms a right‐triangle, whose points are linked to the absolute value of just two of the coherences of the system under study. As a result, we find that optimized states of two qubits host pairs of identical populations while reducing the number of coherences involved, so they are X‐shaped. A geometric ‐measure of entanglement is introduced as the distance between the points in that represent entangled states and the closest point that defines separable states. It is shown that reproduces the results of the Hill‐Wootters concurrence , so that can be interpreted as a distance‐like entanglement measure. However, unlike , the measure also distinguishes the rank of states. The universality of the two‐qubit X‐states ensures the utility of our geometric model for studying entanglement of two‐qubit states in any configuration. To show the applicability of our approach far beyond time‐independent cases, we construct a time‐dependent two‐qubit state, traced out over the complementary components of a pure tetra‐partite system, and find that its one‐qubit states share the same entropy. The entanglement measure results bounded from above by the envelope of the minima of such entropy.
A Portable LIFT Printer to Enable the Fast On‐Site Optimization of Inks Toward Special Customer Needs
Authors: Lux Stefan , Wu Chaoyu , Salazar Christina , Crespo Julian , Pérez Angélica , Acevedo Claudio Fernández , Mager Dario , Stahlberger Mareen , Mattes Daniela , Weber Laura , Schlindwein Jannik , Gedigk Clarine , Rosa Maria B. A. , Amir Momina , Kuznetsova Nadezda , Kraft Michael , Breitling Frank , Korvink Jan G. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTLaser‐induced forward transfer (LIFT) printing uniquely enables localized deposition of nanoparticle pastes onto target substrates. The extent of its versatility hinges upon the availability of nanoparticle inks that align with the capabilities of the printing device. Given the inherent distinctions among various devices attributed to differences in laser types (continuous‐wave or pulsed), laser energy profiles, and adaptable wavelengths, ink formulation and the LIFT printing processes are frequently disjointed, which results in a lengthy optimization cycle. Significantly expedited optimization cycles could be achieved if LIFT performance of an ink could be tested on‐site of the ink developer. This localization empowers ink developers to tailor inks precisely to specific usage scenarios by promptly adjusting parameters such as particle size, viscosity, and surface properties. This paper presents a dedicated LIFT device that focuses on fine‐tuning ink characteristics and provides insights into the construction to allow other interested researchers to build similar low‐cost, user‐friendly setups.
The Association Between Autism Spectrum Disorders and Dietary Intake of Carbohydrates in School‐Aged Children in Iran: A Case–Control Study
Authors: Tajadod Shirin , Roumi Zahra , Abbas Torki Saheb , Mousavi Shalmani Seyedeh Hayedeh , Moradi Mahdi , Saeedirad Zahra , Abbasi Mobarakeh Khadijeh , Mohammadi Saeideh , Shekari Soheila , Mirzaee Pouya , Bahmani Parsa , Houshyar‐Rad Anahita , Doaei Saeid 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with both genetic and environmental risk factors. Imbalanced dietary Intake has recently been proposed as a possible environmental risk factor for ASD. The purpose of this study was to investigate the possible connection between ASD and intake of various carbohydrate types.Methods110 patients with autism from 5 to 15 years of age have been included as the case group and 110 neurotypical children who are part of a similar age category have been chosen as controls for this case–control study. To estimate the dietary intake of carbohydrates, a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used.ResultsPositive connections were found between ASD and the intake of sugar (OR = 1.03, CI 95%: 1.02–1.06, p = 0.001), and maltose (OR = 2.09, CI 95%: 1.37–3.20, p = 0.001). A reverse correlation was found between ASD and dietary intake of carbohydrates (OR = 0.97, CI 95%: 0.96–0.98, p = 0.001), fructose (OR = 0.85, CI 95%: 0.77–0.94, p = 0.002), and lactose (OR = 0.89, CI 95%: 0.83–0.96, p = 0.002).ConclusionThis study showed a direct link between autism and the intake of sugar and maltose and an inverse connection between autism and the dietary intake of total carbohydrate, fructose, and lactose. There is a need to carry out additional long‐term studies.
Thiamine deficiency in US veterans with obesity
Authors: Costello Elizabeth , Kerns Jennifer 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIntroductionThiamine deficiency is common after bariatric surgery, but patients with obesity may be deficient in thiamine even before surgery. The purpose of this research was to determine the prevalence of thiamine deficiency in patients with obesity at a medical weight‐management clinic and assess the relationship between recent weight loss and thiamine deficiency.MethodsFor this observational study, medical records were reviewed for patients (n = 146) at the nonsurgical obesity medicine and preoperative bariatric surgery clinic at a Veterans Affairs Medical Center between January 1, 2012, and January 31, 2019. Thiamine deficiency was defined as a value less than the test reference range. χ2 tests were used to assess differences in thiamine deficiency by race, gender, and type 2 diabetes status. Logistic regression was used to evaluate the relationship between weight loss and thiamine deficiency.ResultsThiamine deficiency was found in 32.2% of patients. There were no differences in the prevalence of deficiency by gender, race, or type 2 diabetes status. Weight loss was associated with increased risk for deficiency, although this was not statistically significant (odds ratio = 2.04, 95% CI: 0.79–5.27).ConclusionsApproximately one‐third of patients evaluated had a test result indicating thiamine deficiency. All people with obesity may benefit from additional nutritional screening.
Progress in degradable polyurethane scaffolds with variable degradation rates for tissue engineering applications
Authors: Naureen Bushra , Ang Bee Chin , Muhamad Farina , Haseeb A. S. M. A. , Basirun W. J. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractGlobal catastrophic consequences associated with wars, natural disasters, and accidents are increasing day by day. Tissue engineering (TE) regenerate damaged tissues by using growth factors, cells, or three‐dimensional support biomaterials, that is, scaffolds. Scaffolds should degrade into resorbable, noncytotoxic, and excretable products in the physiological environment, along with successfully regenerating the damaged tissues. However, the requirement for scaffold degradation rate varies from patient to patient, depending on the nature, size, and cause of injuries. Thus, the synthesis and development of degradable scaffolds with focus toward variable degradation rates has become an engrossed research area. In this regard, multifunctional polymers such as polyurethane (PU) are suitable candidates. The degradation rate of PUs can be changed with the variations in the PU scaffold composition, such as the selection of the isocyanate, polyol, or the chain extender. This review will fill the research gap by analyzing the state‐of‐the‐art expansions of the degradable PU scaffolds with variable degradation rates based primarily on the selection and composition of polyol, isocyanate, and CE. It aims to guide the development of patient‐specific/customized scaffolds with appropriate scaffold degradation and tissue regeneration rates, along with the recommendations for future work.Highlights
The requirement for scaffold degradation rate varies from patient to patient.
There is a need to synthesize scaffolds with variable/tunable degradation rates.
Multifunctional polymers such as polyurethanes (PUs) are suitable candidates.
PUs degradation rate can be tuned via isocyanates, polyols and chain extenders.
Social Media Use Disorder in High School Students: A Cross‐Sectional Study Examining the Relationship Between Cyber Human Values, Cyberbullying, and Cybervictimization
Authors: Evgin Derya , Kılıç Kızbes Meral , Sümen Adem 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe aim of this study is to examine the prevalence of social media use disorder among adolescents and to investigate the relationship between social media use, level of cyber human values, cyberbullying, or cybervictimization. This study employed a cross‐sectional design, with 1571 adolescents enrolled in high school participating in the investigation. Data collection was conducted utilizing the “Social Media Disorder Scale,” “Cyber Bullying Scale,” “Cyber Victimization Scale,” and “Cyber Human Values Scale.” Upon examination of the results of the study, it was observed that there was an increase in the prevalence of cyberbullying with age, social media use disorder, and cyber human values being more common in girls (p < 0.05). A negative correlation was observed between adolescents' scores on the cyberbullying scale and their scores on the cyber human values and cybervictimization scales. In our study, negative correlations were observed between social media use disorder scores and cybervictimization scores, while positive correlations were found between cyberbullying scores (p < 0.001). The results demonstrated that social media use disorder was positively correlated with cyberbullying and negatively correlated with cybervictimization (p < 0.001). It is imperative that social media use disorder, cyberbullying, and cybervictimization are given due consideration among adolescents.
Kinetically Controlled Seeded Living Supramolecular Polymerization of Tb(III) Complex
Authors: Hwang Minkyeong , Lim Seol‐A , Park Yumi , Jung Sung Ho , Jung Jong Hwa 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTWe describe the synthesis of metallosupramolecular polymers using a Tb3+ complex as a primary building block. This synthesis is facilitated through the strategic manipulation of non‐equilibrium self‐assemblies, employing a living supramolecular polymerization method. Our extensive investigation into the metallosupramolecular polymerizations, which are both thermodynamically and kinetically regulated and centered around the Tb3+ complex with bisterpyridine‐modified ligand (R‐L1) incorporating R‐alanine units, revealed noteworthy properties. These complexes initially form kinetically metastable aggregates, characterized by a coordination number of nine. This structure involves one Tb3+ cation and three NO3− anions at one terpyridine moiety, while the opposite terpyridine moiety remains unoccupied. Intriguingly, these aggregates can transition into a thermodynamically more stable state, also characterized by a nine‐coordination number. In this state, each of the two terpyridine units is coordinated with one Tb3+ cation and three NO3− anions, respectively. This transformative process is expedited by seed‐induced living polymerization. Therefore, we have successfully executed the seeded living supramolecular polymerization of the monomeric building unit under kinetically controlled conditions. This process yielded a metallosupramolecular polymer with a precisely regulated length and minimal polydispersity, demonstrating the potential of this approach in the design of advanced functional materials.
A Comparative Study on Centella Asiatica‐Mediated Green Synthesis of Silver and Copper Oxide Nanoparticles: Implications for Wound Healing
Authors: Agarwal Aeshna , Ramachandran Swetha , Kumar Sunil , Swaminathan Subhashini , Ramalingam Raghavendra 
Published: January 2025

AbstractConventional wound dressings often lack efficient antimicrobial properties and may exhibit limited bio‐compatibility, necessitating the development of advanced solutions for effective wound healing. Green synthesis of nanoparticles opens the door to a strategy that is efficient in terms of pharmaceutical biotechnology, besides being nontoxic and eco‐friendly. In the present study, Centella asiatica leaf extract conjugated with silver nanoparticles and copper oxide nanoparticles are synthesized and their bioactivity is compared. Gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC‐MS) results show 4‐butoxy‐1‐Butanol, Phthalic acid, and 2‐propyldecan‐1‐ol as major phytochemicals in Centella asiatica. The green‐synthesized silver nanoparticles (Ag‐NPs) and copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO‐NPs) are characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). TEM results confirm the circular morphology for Ag‐NPs and elliptical structures for CuO‐NPs, whereas energy dispersive x‐ray (EDX) spectrum confirms the presence of Cu and Ag in their respective samples. XRD spectrum confirms that both the nanoparticles exhibit high crystallinity. Both nanoparticles demonstrate satisfactory radical scavenging activity as confirmed by the 2,2‐Diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. CuO‐NPs exhibit greater antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in comparison to the Ag‐NPs evident from the clear zone of inhibition obtained. In conclusion, green synthesized CuO‐NPs prove to have enhanced wound healing activity in the NIH3T3 fibroblast cells than Ag‐NPs.