bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Carbon dynamics vary among tidal marsh plant species in a sea-level rise experiment
Authors: Barry Aidan , Ooi Sean Khan , Helton Ashley M. , Steven Blaire , Elphick Chris S. , Lawrence Beth A. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Tidal wetlands are important blue carbon reservoirs, but it is unclear how sea-level rise (SLR) may affect carbon cycling and soil microbial communities either by increased inundation frequency or via shifting plant species dominance. We used an in-situ marsh organ experiment to test how SLR-scenarios (0, +7.5, +15 cm) and vegetation treatments (Spartina alterniflora, Spartina patens, Phragmites australis, unvegetated controls) altered CO2 fluxes (net ecosystem exchange, ecosystem respiration), soil carbon mineralization rates, potential denitrification rates, and microbial community composition. Increasing inundation frequency with SLR treatments decreased the carbon sink strength and promoted carbon emissions with +15-cm SLR. However, SLR treatments did not alter soil chemistry, microbial process rates, or bacterial community structure. In contrast, our vegetation treatments affected all carbon flux measurements; S. alterniflora and S. patens had greater CO2 uptake and ecosystem respiration compared to P. australis. Soils associated with Spartina spp. had higher carbon mineralization rates than P. australis or unvegetated controls. Soil bacterial assemblages differed among vegetation treatments but shifted more dramatically over the three-month experiment. As marshes flood more frequently with projected SLR, marsh vegetation composition is predicted to shift towards more flood-tolerant S. alterniflora, which may lead to increased CO2 uptake, though tidal marsh carbon sink strength will likely be offset by increased abundance of unvegetated tidal flats and open water. Our findings suggest that plant species play a central role in ecosystem carbon dynamics in vegetated tidal marshes undergoing rapid SLR.
A physician strike team to disseminate accurate and timely COVID-19 vaccination information and improve responses to patient questions
Authors: Chima-Melton Chidinma , Han Maria , Naghshineh Sheila , Chima-Okereke Chibisi , Samras Nathan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Vaccination is an important component of the public health response to the pandemic, and a large health care system such as UCLA Health must optimize mechanisms to address questions from patients to expedite vaccine acceptance and administration.
Local Problem
In 2020-2021, COVID-19 vaccines were developed, studied, and approved at unusual speed, leading to both vaccine hesitancy and requests for urgent availability. This required up-to-date responses from physicians to questions through the online patient portal in the UCLA health care system. There was the additional risk of physician burnout due to the large number of questions.
Intervention
We developed a physician strike team that enabled accurate and timely dissemination of vaccine information in response to patient queries. The strike team served a dual purpose of answering patient questions quickly with accurate information, and reducing the workload for other physicians. Using a strike team of 10 early career physicians responding to a collection of patient messages, this large community-based health system was able to provide timely, high-quality responses to COVID-19 vaccine-related questions.
Results
After the introduction of the physician strike team program in late January 2021 through April 2021, there was a significant reduction in the average number of messages and calls received by covered providers per month compared to the adjusted number of messages and calls they would have received had the pool not existed. The strike team provided a service with high satisfaction scores from both the participating strike team members and the physicians being covered by the strike team.
Conclusions
The success of this small physician strike team to impact inbasket patient messages and calls in
our institution suggests that a similar mechanism can be developed to centralize the replies to certain messages, which may reduce the workload and burnout of physicians.
The Utilization of Click Reactions in Understanding the Structure and Function of IgE in Allergic Reactions
Authors: Shinde Parth , Saini Yash , Mandal Manas , Baths Veeky , Kundu Suman 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This study examines cutting-edge techniques, namely click chemistry and antigen-antibody complex formations, in order to develop affordable and effective home allergy testing kits. The ultimate objective is to provide effective methods for diagnosing and treating allergic conditions. Through an azide click reaction, the surface of the hydrophilic polymer-coated paper is functionalized with captured antibodies and used as a diagnosticsubstrate for the detection of food allergies. After introducing ablood sample and a second antibody conjugated with a detection moiety, the presence of specific IgE antibodies to the food allergen is determined by measuring the fluorescence or colourintensity of bound IgE. By comparing the test’s results to internationally recognized benchmarks, the test’s accuracy is confirmed. When examining how IgE interacts with antigens andits role in effector cell activation, the application of click chemistry in this context has substantial implications for developingnovel therapies for allergic diseases. Additional research in this field will increase our understanding of the underlying mechanisms, paving the way for future advances in allergy diagnosis and treatment.
A top-down slow breathing circuit that alleviates negative affect
Authors: Han Sung , Jhang Jinho , Liu Shijia , O'Keefe David 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Breathing is profoundly influenced by both behavior and emotion1-4 and is the only physiological parameter that can be volitionally controlled4-6. This indicates the presence of cortical-to-brainstem pathways that directly control breathing centers in the brainstem, but the neural circuit mechanisms of top-down breathing control remain poorly understood. Here, we identify neurons in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) that project to the pontine reticular nucleus caudalis (PnC) and function to slow breathing rates. Optogenetic activation of this corticopontine pathway (dACC→PnC neurons) in mice slows breathing and alleviates anxiety-like behaviors without altering valence. Calcium responses of dACC→PnC neurons are tightly correlated with changes in breathing patterns that are entrained to behavior, such as drinking. Activity is also elevated when mice find relief from an anxiety-provoking environment and slow their breathing pattern. Further, GABAergic inhibitory neurons within the PnC that receive direct input from dACC neurons decrease breathing rate by projecting to pontomedullary breathing centers. They also send collateral projections to anxiety-related structures in the forebrain, thus comprising a neural network that modulates breathing and negative affect in parallel. These analyses greatly expand our understanding of top-down breathing control and reveal circuit-based mechanisms by which slow breathing and anxiety relief are regulated together.
The Association between loneliness and social avoidance among the college students of China: Mediation of depression and regulation by self-esteem
Authors: Yuan Ye , Zhu Beilei , Yang Zhengkun , Wang Yumeng , Fu Huanhuan , Ge Yifan , Chang Liyun , Zhao Ke , Xiang Min 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
To explore the relationship between loneliness and social avoidance of college students, the mediating role of depression and interpersonal trust between them, and the regulating role of self-esteem. A theoretical approach to provide an internal mechanism for the intervention of loneliness and social avoidance.
Methods
We included 1050 college students using simple random cluster sampling with the self-esteem scale(SES), the social avoidance and distress scale(SAD) , UCLA loneliness scale, the interpersonal trust scale(ITS), and the self-rating depression scale(SDS). And descriptive statistical analysis and correlation analysis, structural equation model analysis were conducted
Results
(1) The correlations between depression, loneliness, interpersonal trust, self-esteem and social avoidance were all statistically significant. (2) There is a significant positive correlation between loneliness and social avoidance. (3) Depression and interpersonal trust play multiple mediating roles between loneliness and social avoidance. (4) Self-esteem plays a regulating role between interpersonal trust and social avoidance.
Conclusion
Loneliness has a significant positive predictive effect on social avoidance. More profound loneliness among college students correlates with social avoidance.It provides a new way to explain the mechanism of loneliness, and a new perspective for the clinical intervention of loneliness, that is, from the perspective of their self-experience and self-esteem.
Macroeconomic Dynamics in a Finite World: the Thermodynamic Potential Approach
Authors: Herbert Eric , Giraud Gaël , Louis-Napoléon Aurélie , Goupil Christophe 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This paper presents a conceptual model describing the medium and long term co-evolution of natural and socio-economic subsystems of Earth. An economy is viewed as an out-of-equilibrium dissipative structure that can only be maintained with a flow of energy and matter. The distinctive approach emphasized here consists of capturing the economic impact of natural ecosystems being depleted and destroyed by human activities via a pinch of thermodynamic potentials. This viewpoint allows: (i) the full-blown integration of a limited quantity of primary resources into a non-linear macrodynamics that is stock-flow consistent both in terms ofmatter-energy as well as economic transactions; (ii) the inclusion of natural and forced recycling; (iii) the inclusion of a friction term which reflects the impossibility of producing goods and services in high metabolizing intensity without exuding energy and matter wastes and (iv) the computation of the anthropically produced entropy as a function of intensity and friction. Analysis and numerical computations confirm the role played by intensity and friction as key factors for sustainability. Our approach is flexible enough to allow for various economic models to be embedded into our thermodynamic framework.Finally, we propose the open source \ed software as a first complete realization implementing economic dynamics in a multi-resource environment.
Comparison of treatment duration for drug resistant pulmonary tuberculosis with vs. without type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Fachri Muhammad , Hatta Mochammad , Ubaidah Firda Muthi , Akaputra Risky , Dwiyanti Ressy , Syukri Ahmad , Junita Ade Rifka , Febrianti Andini , Primaguna Muhammad Reza , Azhar Azhar 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background:Pulmonary TB and DM are a combination of high medical-epidemiological conflict and high global impact because they are interdependent. Pulmonary TB cannot improve in the presence of unmanaged diabetes. Pulmonary TB in people with DM has particular characteristics, so if it is not diagnosed and treated, it is difficult to understand the effects of TB drugs and oral antidiabetic drugs. The purpose of this study was to compare the length of treatment for drug-resistant pulmonary TB in the presence vs. the absence of type 2 DMMethods:This study used a cross-sectional with a single population proportion method. The research subjects were enrolled using the consecutive sampling technique. The comparison was between drug-resistant TB patients with and without type 2 DM. The total sample was initially recruited was 80 patients, and after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 22 study subjects remained.Results:The 80 samples studied were 44 drug-resistant pulmonary TB patients with type 2 DM and 36 patients without type 2 DM. The male:female ratio was 53 (66.3%) to 27 (33.8%). GeneXpert results in both groups indicated rifampicin resistance. In the comparison of length of treatment, drug-resistant pulmonary TB patients with type 2 DM who stayed on their treatment until recovery most often recovered in the 18th to 24th months, totalling 13 people, whereas the drug-resistant pulmonary TB patients without type 2 DM who stayed on their treatment until recovery recovered in the 6th to 24th months, totalling 9 people (Mann‒Whitney test P = 0.000).Conclusions:The treatment period for drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis patients with type 2 DM is much longer than that for drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis patients without type 2 DM.
Mapping of yield contributing drought tolerance QTLs in maize and its utilization in marker-assisted breeding
Authors: Kaur Ramandeep , Brar Kiran , Sharma Priti , Singh Ashanpreet , Kaur Dasmeet , Kaur Gurjit , vikal Yogesh , Kumar Ramesh 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Drought is considered as one of the major limiting factors in sustainable maize production all over the world as it causes yield reduction by an average of 60% (FAOSTAT 2022). Maize is generally grown in Kharif season but spring maize is now coming up in India. A total of 135 F8 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) along with parental lines were evaluated under control and drought stress conditions for two consecutive seasons. About 12 QTLs on chromosome 1, 3, 4, 6, 7 and 9 were found to be associated with drought tolerance. The QTL for number of kernel per ear (qKPE) present on chromosome 9 (bnlg1401-umc1634) was fine mapped by designing 50 new SSR markers between the bracketed QTL (qKPE). The QTL analysis narrowed down the genetic distance to 3.8 cM from 11.5 cM and physical distance to 691 Kb from earlier distance of 15 Mb flanked by two new SSR markers viz. PAU_1137 and PAU_1143. The qKPE is also introgressed through marker assisted backcross breeding (MABB) into two spring maize inbreds LM23 and LM24 of hybrid PMH10 for water use efficiency. The foreground selection has been carried out in three generations i.e., BC1F1, BC2F1. and BC3F1. The BC3F1 plants have been raised during Kharif 2019 and screened with new flanking markers. The selected plants were selfed to raise BC3F2 population. The development of drought tolerant PMH10 hybrid will lead to overcome frequent irrigations during spring season and will help to conserve ground water depletion.
Sex differences in the association of treatment-resistant schizophrenia and serum interleukin-6 levels
Authors: He Jingqi , Wei Yisen , Li Jinguang , Tang Ying , Liu Junyu , He Zhangyin , Zhou Risheng , He Xingtao , Ren Honghong , Liao Yanhui , Gu Lin , Yuan Ning , Chen Xiaogang , Tang Jinsong 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Low-grade inflammation and altered inflammatory markers have been observed in treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS). Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is one of the proinflammatory cytokines linked with TRS and receives increasing attention. Previous studies showed that patients with TRS might have higher IL-6 levels compared with healthy individuals and treatment-responsive patients. Besides, emerging evidence has suggested that there are sex differences in the associations between IL-6 levels and various illnesses, including chronic hepatitis C, metabolic syndrome, etc.; however, there is limited study on TRS. In this present study, we aimed to compare the serum IL6 levels of TRS and partially responsive schizophrenia (PRS) and explore potential sex differences in the association of TRS and IL-6 levels.
Methods
The study population consisted of a total of 90 patients with schizophrenia: 64 TRS patients (45.3% males and 54.7% females) and 26 PRS patients (46.2% males and 53.8% females). We measured serum IL-6 levels using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and analyzed them separately by sex, controlling for confounders (age, education, medication, body mass index, and PANSS scores) rigorously.
Result
The results showed that IL-6 levels increased significantly in the TRS group compared with the PRS group (p = 0.005), and a positive correlation tendency was observed between IL-6 levels and PANSS total scores (r = 0.27, p = 0.070) in all the females. In males, there were no differences in IL-6 levels between the TRS and PRS (p = 0.124).
Conclusion
Our findings provided evidence supporting the hypothesis that the inflammatory response system (IRS) may play a role in the pathogenesis of TRS in a sex-dependent manner. In addition, sex differences in the immune dysfunction of individuals with schizophrenia cannot be neglected, and inflammation in male and female TRS should be discussed separately.
Abnormal Noise Identification of Engines Based on Wavelet Transform and Bispectrum Analysis
Authors: Yang Xingguo , Zhang YA , Li Xujun 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Abnormal noise is the most prominent problem for motorcycle, which affect consumers' purchasing desire and driving experience. The abnormal noise engines are always detected by manual auscultation(MA) after assembly. While MA is also affected by subjective and objective factors, its accuracy fluctuates greatly and has a large labor intensity. The most important is that it can not be applied in a corporation with mass production and high quality. To overcome those problems, this paper proposed an online engine abnormal noise detection method based on wavelet transform(WT) and bispectrum analysis(BA), which improves the accuracy and stability of engine abnormal noise identification and reduces the cost of the check. Firstly, the engine's acoustic signal is acquired by using a free-field microphone. Secondly, eliminated the background noise of signals by using the wavelet correlation coefficient(WCC) theory and extracted the signal features by applying power spectrum estimation and bispectrum analysis respectively. Thirdly, feature vectors are normalized before being used as support vector machine(SVM) samples. Fourthly, the appropriate kernel function and parameters are selected to train the vector machine using the training sample. Finally, testing samples are used to inspect the accuracy of vector machines. The result shows that the training accuracy and testing accuracy of the samples is high by using the method of WT-BA-SVM (wavelet transform - bispectrum analysis - support vector machines). WT-BA-SVM identified engine fault types effectively and provided the theoretical foundation for the establishment of an engine abnormal noise online detection system.
Evolutionary Comparison of Genes Involved in Brain Development: Insights into the Innovation of the Mammalian Neocortex
Authors: Zhang Jiangyan , Zhao Rui , Lin Shiying , Yang Dong , Lu Shan , Liu Zenan , Gao Yuanyuan , Zhang Yiyun , Hou Bing , Xi Chao , Liu Jin , Bing Jie , Pang Erli , Lin Kui , Zeng Shaoju 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Little is known about the mechanism underlying the innovation of the mammalian neocortex. To address this issue, we first performed comparative analysis of genes vital for the development of the pallium (Emx1/2 and Pax6) and subpallium (Dlx2 and Nkx1/2) among 500 vertebrate species. We found that these genes have no clear variations in chromosomal duplication/loss, gene locus synteny or Darwinian selection. However, there is an additional fragment of approximately 20 amino acids in mammalian Emx1 and a poly-(Ala)6–7 in Emx2. An innovated method was first employed for gene transfer into the avian brain: Lentiviruses expressing mouse or chick Emx2 (m-Emx2 or c-Emx2 Lv) were injected into the ventricle of the chick telencephalon at embryonic Day 3 (E3), and the embryos were allowed to develop to E12-14 or to posthatchling. After transfection with m-Emx2 Lv, the cells expressing Reelin, Vimentin or GABA increased, and neurogenesis of calbindin cells changed to the mammalian inside-out pattern in the mesopallium (M). In addition, a behavior test for posthatched chicks indicated that the passive avoidance ratio increased significantly. The study suggests that the acquisition of an additional fragment in mammalian Emx2 is associated with the innovation of the mammalian neocortex.
FAP, CD10, GPR77-labeled CAFs cause neoadjuvant chemotherapy resistance by inducing EMT and CSC in gastric cancer
Authors: Zhao Zehua , Zhu Yanmei 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Objective: A significant proportion of patients can not benefit from neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT) due to drug resistance. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) influence many biological behaviours of tumours, including chemo-resistance. The aim of this study is to explore whether CAFs expressing FAP, CD10 and GPR77 affect the efficacy of NCT and the prognosis of patients with gastric cancer, and its mechanism.
Methods: 171 patients with locally progressive gastric adenocarcinoma who had undergone NCT and radical surgery were collected. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of FAP, CD10 and GPR77 in CAFs; the EMT markers (N-cadherin, Snail1 and Twist1) and the CSC markers (ALDH1, CD44 and LGR5) in gastric cancer cells. The χ2 test was used to analyse the relationship between the expression of CAF, EMT, and CSC markers and the clinicopathological factors, as well as the relationship between CAF markers and EMT, CSC markers. Logist regression and Cox risk regression were used to analyse the relationship between the expression of CAF, EMT, and CSC markers and TRG grading and OS; Kaplan-Meier analysis was used for survival analysis and plotting the curves.
Results: The expression of CAF markers FAP, CD10, and GPR77 were closely associated with that of EMT markers; FAP and CD10 were closely related to CSC markers. In the univariate analysis of pathological response, CAF markers (FAP, CD10, GPR77), EMT markers (N-cadherin, Snail1, Twist1), and CSC markers (ALDH1, LGR5, CD44), were all closely associated with pathological response (all p < 0.05). Only Twist1 was an independent factor affecting pathological response in multifactorial analysis (p=0.001). In a univariate analysis of OS, expression of FAP and CD10 in CAF, as well as expression of EMT biomarkers (N-cadherin, Snail1), were significant factors influencing patient prognosis (all p<0.05). Multifactorial analysis revealed N-cadherin (p=0.032) and Snail1 (p=0.028), as independent prognostic factors affecting OS.
Conclusion: FAP, CD10, and GPR77 labled CAF subgroup can lead to NCT resistance and poor prognosis by inducing EMT and CSC of gastric cancer cells in locally advanced gastric cancer patients.