bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An overview of developments and challenges for unmanned surface vehicle autonomous berthing
Authors: Wu Gongxing , Li Debiao , Ding Hao , Shi Danda , Han Bing 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWith the continuous progress of contemporary science and technology and the increasing requirements for marine vehicles in various fields, the intelligence and automation of ships have become a general trend. The autonomous control of surface Unmanned Surface Vessel (USV) generally covers the USV path planning, path tracking control, and autonomous collision avoidance control. But in the whole navigation process of USV, autonomous berthing is also a crucial part. And the research on the algorithm of the automatic berthing process of the USV is less. Mature USV autonomous berthing technology can effectively reduce the cost of human and material resources and financial resources while reducing the accident rate reasonably and safely. Therefore, it is of great importance to comprehensively promote the development of USV autonomous berthing technology.
Simultaneous detection and quantification by multiplex qPCR of 'Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris' and 'Candidatus Phytoplasma fraxini' in a plant host and insect vectors
Authors: Lamilla Julian , Galvez Anny , Franco-Lara Liliana 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPhytoplasmas are bacteria transmitted by insects that can cause plant diseases. In Bogotá 'Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris' and ' Candidatus Phytoplasma fraxini', infect 11 species of urban trees, weeds, grass, potato and strawberry. A set of primers, that amplify both phytoplasmas species were designed and used for absolute and relative qPCR quantification of the 16SrRNA gene. The primers AJ-16Sr-F/AJ-16Sr-R allowed the amplification of ‘Ca. P. asteris’, ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma palmae’, ‘Ca. P. fraxini’ and ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma phoenicium’, not of ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma pruni’. Absolute qPCR detected phytoplasmas between 1 × 109 and 1 × 103 copies/μL DNA extract. Two species-specific hydrolysis probes, AJ-16SrI-Cy5.5 and AJ-16SrVII-TexRed, were designed to detect 'Ca. P. asteris' and 'Ca. P. fraxini' respectively, using the AJ-16Sr-F/AJ-16Sr-R primers. For relative quantification, the 18SrRNA gene was used as normalizer. Relative qPCR detected phytoplasmas between 1 × 109 and 1 × 103 copies/μL DNA extract. Multiplex reactions allowed the specific quantification of 'Ca. P. asteris', 'Ca. P. fraxini' in comparison to the normalizer. qPCR methods were validated on natural hosts Andean oak trees and leafhoppers. The relative quantification values were higher for 'Ca. P. fraxini' (x̅ RQ = 3203.1 ± 2622,9 n = 14) compared with 'Ca. P. asteris' (x̅ RQ = 14.9 ± 24,5 n = 6) in oak tree samples. In the leafhoppers, the relative quantification values ranged between RQ = 26.5 and RQ = 294,927.3 for 'Ca. P. fraxini’ and RQ = 34.8 and RQ = 1722.2 for 'Ca. P. asteris'. In conclusion, although absolute qPCR allowed the quantification of phytoplasmas by comparing Cq (quantification cycle) values of samples with a standard curve, it did not allow to differentiate between 'Ca. P. asteris' and 'Ca. P. fraxini'. In contrast, relative qPCR assays using specific hydrolysis probes allowed the specific detection and quantification of each phytoplasma, in individual and mixed infections in insect vectors and plant hosts.
Comparative Assessment of Single- and Double-Interface Shear Tests of MSW Landfill Liners Using Large Direct Shear Equipment
Authors: Sylivery Victor , Kalumba Denis , Mawer Byron 
Published: August 2023

AbstractGeosynthetics form an integral part of engineered municipal solid waste (MSW) landfill lining systems, as they provide cost saving and technical benefits. Their introduction in lining systems, however, has presented new potential interfaces for shear failure especially on bases and on side slopes of engineered MSW landfills. In the laboratory, interface shear strength parameters used in slope designs of landfill lining systems are determined through single-interface testing configurations as per ASTM D5321-20 and D6243-20 standards. However, single-interface testing configurations do not provide a clear understanding of shear strength transfers among the lining components and does not aid in pin-pointing the interface facilitating failure especially when a multi-layered lining system has been proposed. Multi-interface testing configurations present an alternative that may address such limitations. But there is minimum information available on this type of testing as it is not stipulated in any official laboratory testing standard. This study was conducted to provide an understanding of the potential use of multi-interface testing configurations of MSW landfill liners, through identifying similarities and dissimilarities to the single-interface testing configurations. These interface tests were conducted on geosynthetics and geomaterials from a proposed lining system of a new landfill cell in South Africa.
Transfer mechanism and criteria for static–dynamic failure of granite under true triaxial unloading test
Authors: Zhang Liming , Wang Xiaoshan , Cong Yu , Wang Zaiquan , Liu Jie 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn the construction procedure of infrastructure, the excavation disturbance significantly changes the initial stress state of rocks in deep geotechnical engineering, and a rock burst would occur accompanied by the ejection of rock block. In the present study, a true triaxial unloading test and its corresponding numerical analysis based on the three-dimensional particle flow code (PFC3D) are conducted on granite specimens to acquire characteristic information of static and dynamic failure during unloading and to explore the criteria for determining static and dynamic failure. The results indicate that the failure modes of granite under true triaxial unloading can be classified into three categories: ① no obvious coalesced crack, ② a main coalescence shear crack, and ③ a main coalescence shear crack with a V-shaped pit. The instantaneous kinetic energy in static failure is characterized by a sharp increase and sporadic sharp increases, while that in dynamic failure shows a sharp increase, a short quiet period, and a substantial increase. The critical stress combination for the transformation of static–dynamic failure of granite is proposed, which is consistent with the experimental results. The number of shear cracks gradually increases in static failure, while it suddenly increases in dynamic failure. During the transformation from static failure to dynamic failure, the ratio of a tensile crack number to that of shear crack number decreases. The proportion of shear cracks in particle bonding increases, while the trend of tensile failure weakens. However, tensile failure remains predominant in granite, accompanied by shear failure.
Evaluating empowerment towards responsible conduct of research in a small private online course
Authors: Hoven Mariëtte vd , Mol Hanneke , Verhoeff Roald 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTeaching Responsible Conduct of Research (RCR) has gained recognition in recent years, with various organizations emphasizing the need to take responsibility in training their researchers in RCR. However, differing perspectives on RCR education result in a variety of practices, making it unclear what approach is most effective. As part of two European projects on research integrity education, we have developed an empowerment perspective on RCR education and incorporated this in an online course design. This paper presents the design and qualitative evaluation of a Small Private Online Course (SPOC) that aims to empower participants towards RCR. Results show the course enhanced individual aspects of empowerment, but it proved difficult to stimulate social aspects of empowerment in researchers day-to-day work.
Yucatec Maya Children’s Responding to Emotional Challenge
Authors: Brady Shannon M. , Shneidman Laura A. , Cano Cornelio Azarias Chay , Davis Elizabeth L. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWhile the field of affective science has seen increased interest in and representation of the role of culture in emotion, prior research has disproportionately centered on Western, English-speaking, industrialized, and/or economically developed nations. We investigated the extent to which emotional experiences and responding may be shaped by cultural display rule understanding among Yucatec Maya children, an indigenous population residing in small-scale communities in remote areas of Mexico’s Yucatan peninsula. Data were collected from forty-two 6- and 10-year-old Yucatec children who completed a resting baseline and a structured disappointing gift task. Children were asked about whether specific emotions are better to show or to hide from others and self-reported the intensity of their discrete positive and negative emotional experiences. We observed and coded expressive positive and negative affective behavior during and after the disappointing gift task, and continuously acquired physiological measures of autonomic nervous system function. These multi-method indices of emotional responding enable us to provide a nuanced description of children’s observable and unobservable affective experiences. Results generally indicated that children’s understanding of and adherence to cultural display rules (i.e., to suppress negative emotions but openly show positive ones) was evidenced across indices of emotion, as predicted. The current study is a step toward the future of affective science, which lies in the pursuit of more diverse and equitable representation in study samples, increased use of concurrent multimethod approaches to studying emotion, and increased exploration of how emotional processes develop.
The Influence of Dietary Carbohydrate on Perceived Recovery Status Differs at the Group and Individual Level—Evidence of Nonergodicity Among Endurance Athletes
Authors: Rothschild Jeffrey A. , Stewart Tom , Kilding Andrew E. , Plews Daniel J. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Research findings are typically reported at the group level but applied to individuals. However, an emerging issue in sports science concerns nonergodicity—whereby group-level data cannot be generalized to individuals. The purpose of this study was to determine if the relationship between daily carbohydrate intake and perceived recovery status displays nonergodicity.

Methods
Fifty-five endurance athletes recorded daily measures of self-selected dietary intake, training, sleep, and subjective wellbeing for 12 weeks. We constructed linear models to measure the influence of daily carbohydrate intake on perceived recovery status while accounting for training load, sleep duration, sleep quality, and muscle soreness. Using linear model coefficients for carbohydrate intake we tested whether the distributions (mean and SD) differed at the group and individual levels (indicating nonergodicity). Additionally, a decision tree was created to explore factors that could provide an indication of an individual athlete’s relationship between carbohydrate intake and perceived recovery status.

Results
Mean values were not different between group- and individual-level analyses, but SDs at the individual level were ~2.4 times larger than at the group level, indicating nonergodicity. Model coefficients for carbohydrate intake were negative for three participants, positive for four participants, and non-significant for 37 participants. The κ value measuring accuracy of the decision tree was 0.52, indicating moderate prediction accuracy.

Conclusion
For most individuals, carbohydrate intake did not influence recovery status. However, the influence of dietary carbohydrate intake on daily recovery differs at the group and individual level. Therefore, practical recommendations should be based on individual-level analysis.
Nature of the Interaction of Alpha-D-Mannose and Escherichia coli Bacteria, and Implications for its Regulatory Classification. A Delphi Panel European Consensus Based on Chemistry and Legal Evidence
Authors: Scaglione Francesco , Minghetti Paola , Ambrosio Francesco , Ernst Beat , Ficarra Vincenzo , Gobbi Marco , Naber Kurt , Schellekens Huub 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe nature of alpha-D-mannose—natural aldohexose sugar, C-2 glucose epimer, whose intended use is for preventing urinary tract infections—in the interaction with E. coli is addressed in order to drive the issue of its regulatory classification as a medicinal product or medical device. PRISMA systematic review approach was applied; Delphi Panel method was used to target consensus on statements retrieved from evidence. Based on regulatory definitions and research evidence, the mechanism of D-mannose does not involve a metabolic or immunological action while there is uncertainty regarding the pharmacological action. Specific interaction between the product and the bacteria within the body occurs, but its nature is inert: it does not induce a direct response activating or inhibiting body processes. Moreover, the action of D-mannose takes place, even if inside the bladder, outside the epithelium on bacteria that have not yet invaded the urothelial tissue. Therefore, its mechanism of action is not directed to host structures but to structures (bacteria) external to the host's tissues. On the basis of current regulation, the uncertainty as regard a pharmacological action of alpha-D-mannose makes possible its medical device classification: new regulations and legal judgments can add further considerations. From a pharmacological perspective, research is driven versus synthetic mannosides: no further considerations are expected on alpha-D-mannose.
The VLF-induced ionospheric perturbations detected by DEMETER during solar minimum
Authors: Zhang Xuemin , Dong Lei , Nie Lei 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe VLF-induced ionospheric heating events from the powerful transmitter NWC are collected at extremely low solar activity years of 2008–2009, and their spatial and temporal distribution features are investigated. The spatial distribution of heating signals exhibits clear north-direction inclination of 2–3°, and covering area within 300 km radius in longitude and latitude. Plasma parameters show the obvious negative correlations between decreasing Ne and increasing Te, and positive correlations of the increasing ion density and ion temperature during the VLF heating time. The ions move upwards to cause the perturbations in ULF electric field due to $$\mathop{V}\limits^{\rightharpoonup} \times \mathop{B}\limits^{\rightharpoonup}$$

V
⇀

×

B
⇀

. The VLF heating events easily occur at seasons with low plasma density, which illustrates that low plasma environment plays an important role in VLF-induced ionospheric heating. Typical three enhanced VLF signals are obtained, one at 19.8 kHz with the largest amplitude, one at the broadened frequency band of 19.8 ± 300 Hz with one order of amplitude decreasing, and one between 19.5 kHz and lower hybrid frequency with at least two orders of amplitude reductions relative to that at 19.8 kHz but still one order increasing relative to non-heating region. These quasi electrostatic waves during VLF heating may not be from the VLF whistler conversion, but the lightning-whistler waves are enhanced when they pass through the plasma cavity formed during VLF heating process.
Gesundheitsförderung in der Hausarztpraxis – eine qualitative Studie zur Rolle der Medizinischen Fachangestellten
Authors: Gerber Meike , Schütze Dania , Dieckelmann Mirjam , Siebenhofer Andrea , Engler Jennifer 
Published: August 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die Hausarztpraxis ist ein wichtiger Ort für Gesundheitsförderung und Prävention in Deutschland. Es besteht jedoch eine Forschungslücke bezüglich der Einbindung nichtärztlichen Praxispersonals in Aktivitäten der Gesundheitsförderung. Unser Ziel war es daher, einen vertiefenden Einblick zu gewinnen, welche Rolle Medizinische Fachangestellte (MFA) hinsichtlich Gesundheitsförderung in der Hausarztpraxis einnehmen.

Methoden
Wir führten 21 telefonische qualitative Leitfadeninterviews mit 14 Hausärzt:innen und sieben MFA und fragten beide Gruppen nach der Rolle der MFA in Bezug auf Gesundheitsförderung in der Hausarztpraxis. Die Interviews wurden nach thematischer Analyse gruppenspezifisch ausgewertet.

Ergebnisse
Neben organisatorischen Aufgaben wie der Terminvereinbarung übernehmen MFA vor allem als erste Kontaktperson eine Schlüsselfunktion hinsichtlich Gesundheitsförderung: Sie erkennen Bedarfe, kommunizieren Auffälligkeiten an Hausärzt:innen, filtern anspruchsberechtigte Patient:innen bereits am Empfang heraus und sprechen sie aktiv auf Vorsorgeleistungen an. In einigen Praxen führen MFA selbst gesundheitsfördernde Maßnahmen wie Schulungen durch. In Bezug auf weitere Aufgabenübertragung äußerten jedoch insbesondere Hausärzt:innen Hemmnisse, da sie die MFA nicht überlasten wollten.

Schlussfolgerungen
MFA übernehmen hinsichtlich Gesundheitsförderung in der Hausarztpraxis häufig organisatorische Tätigkeiten, können aber aufgrund ihrer Funktion in der Praxisstruktur die Hausarztpraxis auch als gesundheitsförderndes Setting für Patient:innen mitprägen. Insbesondere navigieren MFA die Patient:innen hinsichtlich präventiver und gesundheitsfördernder Angebote. Entsprechend ihrer Schlüsselfunktion als Erstkontakt sollte mit MFA gemeinsam erarbeitet werden, wie Gesundheitsförderung bereits am Empfang strukturiert adressiert werden kann.
Initial snow-ice formation on a laboratory scale
Authors: Zhaka Vasiola , Bridges Robert , Riska Kaj , Hagermann Axel , Cwirzen Andrzej 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSnow ice (SI) forms from freezing wet snow, known as slush, and contributes to the thickness of level and brash ice. However, the mechanism of snow-slush-snow ice transformation has not been extensively investigated to date, despite the difference in the freezing rate of slush in comparison with water is important for estimating the ice thickness. In this study, we examined the growth of initial congelation ice (CI) and snow ice (SI) in a fresh water tank exposed to outdoor weather conditions in Luleå, northern Sweden. The tank of size 1.8 × 0.65 × 1.2 m in length, width and height was divided into two compartments to facilitate the simultaneous growth of CI and SI. A total of 12 experiments were conducted in the years 2021 and 2022. The transformation from slush to snow ice was achieved by submerging various amounts of snow in the compartments. It was observed that approximately 35% of the initial snow transformed into SI. Snow ice grew 4 mm°C−0.5 d−0.5 faster than congelation ice. The CI growth under SI was 1 mm°C−0.5 d−0.5 slower than the CI growth under CI. This study provides valuable insights for modelling snow-slush-snow ice transformation and designing future laboratory-scale experiments.
Ambulatory Antibiotic Use Patterns in Bolivia: Identifying Targets for Future Antibiotic Stewardship Efforts in Latin America
Authors: Quirós Rodolfo E. , Mesalles Maria E. , Escobar Elvio D. , Torrez Juan Carlos Tapia , Cosgrove Sara E. , Fabre Valeria 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We evaluated antibiotic use in a private health insurance network in Bolivia with two different healthcare plans. The Health Maintenance Organization plan had 29% lower antibiotic consumption and fewer broad-spectrum antibiotics prescribed than the Preferred Provider Organization. Furthermore, we identified potential targets for future antibiotic stewardship efforts.
Characterization of key information sections in informed consent forms posted on ClinicalTrials.gov
Authors: Gelinas Luke , Morrell Walker , Tse Tony , Glazier Ava , Zarin Deborah A. , Bierer Barbara E. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroduction:Recent revisions to the US Federal Common Rule governing human studies funded or conducted by the federal government require the provision of a “concise and focused” key information (KI) section in informed consent forms (ICFs). We performed a systematic study to characterize KI sections of ICFs for federally funded trials available on ClinicalTrials.gov.Methods:We downloaded ICFs posted on ClinicalTrials.gov for treatment trials initiated on or after the revised Common Rule effective date. Trial records (n= 102) were assessed by intervention type, study phase, recruitment status, and enrollment size. The ICFs and their KI sections, if present, were characterized by page length, word count, readability, topic, and formatting elements.Results:Of the 102 trial records, 76 had identifiable KI sections that were, on average, 10% of the total length of full ICF documents. KI readability grade level was not notably different from other sections of ICFs. Most KI sections were distinguished by section headers and included lists but contained few other formatting elements. Most KI sections included a subset of topics consistent with the basic elements of informed consent specified in the Common Rule.Conclusion:Many of the KI sections in the study sample aligned with practices suggested in the preamble to the revised Common Rule. Further, our results suggest that some KI sections were tailored in study-specific ways. Nevertheless, guidelines on how to write concise and comprehensible KI sections would improve the utility and readability of KI sections.
Thulium-doped all-PM fiber chirped pulse amplifier delivering 314 W average power
Authors: Ren Bo , Li Can , Wang Tao , Guo Kun , Wu Jian , Zhou Pu 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
A high-power all polarization-maintaining (PM) chirped pulse amplification (CPA) system operating in the 2.0 μm range is experimentally demonstrated. Large mode area (LMA) thulium-doped fiber (TDF) with a core/cladding diameter of 25/400 μm is employed to construct the main amplifier. Through dedicated coiling and cooling of the LMA-TDF to manage the loss of the higher order mode and thermal effect, a maximum average power of 314 W with a slope efficiency of 52% and polarization extinction ratio of 20 dB is realized. The pulse duration is compressed to 283 fs with a grating pair, corresponding to a calculated peak power of 10.8 MW, considering the compression efficiency of 88% and the estimated Strehl ratio of 89%. Moreover, through characterizing the noise properties of the laser, an integrated relative intensity noise of 0.11% at 100 Hz−1 MHz is obtained at the maximum output power, whereas the laser timing jitter is degraded by the final amplifier from 318 to 410 fs at an integration frequency of 5 kHz to 1 MHz, owing to the self-phase modulation effect-induced spectrum broadening. The root-mean-square of long-term power fluctuation is tested to be 0.6%, verifying the good stability of the laser operation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest average power of an ultrafast laser realized from an all-PM-fiber TDF-CPA system ever reported.
Hybrid Material Culture in the Inca Empire (AD 1400–1532): Analyzing the Ceramic Assemblages from La Centinela and Las Huacas, Chincha Valley
Authors: Dalton Jordan A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe distribution and hybridization of ceramic vessels provide insights into how local elites and imperial officials navigated imperial expansion. This article presents data on ceramic sherds from the sites of La Centinela and Las Huacas in the Chincha Valley that date to the period of Inca occupation (AD 1400–1532). In Chincha, the Inca established a style of joint rule in which Inca and local authority were closely aligned. The ceramic data demonstrate that Inca imperial designs and diagnostic shapes were most numerous in contexts associated with direct Inca presence and that the types of vessels and designs that elites used to develop their authority differed among the contexts: hybrid material culture thus varied throughout the Chincha Valley. These different hybrid material cultures include state-sponsored hybrid wares (Inca vessels, on which the Inca intentionally integrated Chincha designs) and local vessel shapes on which elites used Inca symbols and vessel shapes to assert their status to a mostly local audience.