bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DAILY EMOTIONAL AND PHYSICAL WELL-BEING PREDICTED BY PERSONAL AND OTHER VIEWS OF AGING
Authors: Neupert Shevaun , Can Reyyan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Individual differences in personal views of aging and how older adults perceive others contribute to health. We examined these relationships as they unfold within persons over time. A 14-day daily diary study of 428 participants aged 50-85 (M = 63.51) assessed subjective age (how old one feels), ageism, negative affect, and physical health each day. Increases in daily subjective age corresponded to increases in negative affect, but there was no effect of daily ageism. In contrast, increases in daily subjective age and daily ageism were each uniquely associated with increases in daily physical health problems. Further, these views of aging interacted; daily increases in ageism were especially detrimental to physical health when accompanied by increases in subjective age. These results suggest that daily fluctuations in personal views of aging are important for emotional and physical well-being, whereas personal views as well as perceptions of others work together for physical well-being.
HEALTHY AGING DURING THE PANDEMIC AND BEYOND: LESSONS FROM FIVE YEARS OF THE NATIONAL POLL ON HEALTHY AGING AND AARP
Authors: Solway Erica , Keenan Teresa , Lindberg Brian 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The past five years have brought enormous changes in the lives of older adults and their families. During this time the University of Michigan National Poll on Healthy Aging (NPHA), co-sponsored by AARP and Michigan Medicine, has gathered the experiences and perspectives from nationally representative samples of US adults age 50-80 on a range of topics related to healthy aging. These polls have been used to elevate the voices of the older adults in the development of policies and practices to improve the health of people as they age. During the past two years, poll reports have captured how changes in lifestyle and behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic have impacted the health and well-being of older adults. Members of the NPHA team from the University of Michigan and AARP will begin with an overview of the poll including its goals and methods. The session will then highlight key findings from the first five years of the NPHA that have important implications during and beyond the COVID-19 pandemic, with special attention to poll findings related to joys and stresses and aging in place. The presenters will also discuss how to access publicly available NPHA data. The session will wrap up with a discussion of how the perspectives and experiences of older adults gathered through the NPHA and AARP polling can be used to inform policy and advocacy to support healthy aging.
COMPETENCY DEVELOPMENT FOR A PROGRAM TO SUPPORT CAREGIVERS OF OLDER ADULTS WITH DEMENTIA: A MODIFIED E-DELPHI METHOD
Authors: Huggins Madison , Puurveen Gloria , Pesut Barb 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Nav-CARE is a program that utilizes volunteer navigators to support older adults with life-limiting illnesses who are living in the community. Currently, Nav-CARE is being adapted and expanded to support family and/or friend caregivers of older adults with dementia. In order to begin the process of adapting this program a modified e-Delphi method was utilized. This method consisted of presenting three sequential questionnaires to an expert panel (n=50) of individuals with knowledge of and/or experience in caregiving, dementia, volunteerism and/or navigation. Consensus was established regarding the importance of various caregivers’ needs and the competencies volunteer navigators require in order to meet these needs. This process resulted in a final list of 46 caregivers' needs and 41 volunteer navigator competencies. Two key findings suggest that there is a crucial need for increased access to respite, which influences the caregivers' ability to benefit from additional supports, and that dementia stigma is prominent, which negatively impacts the caregiving experience. Additional findings highlight the need for increased knowledge of dementia among providers, caregivers, and community members, the importance of establishing strong volunteer navigator-caregiver relationships, and the need to balance the agency of older adults living with dementia and their caregivers. Findings from this study informed the development of training curriculum for volunteer navigators, and will be used to guide the ongoing development of the adapted Nav-CARE program.
RESILIENCE IN FAMILY CAREGIVERS OF ASIAN OLDER ADULTS WITH DEMENTIA: AN INTEGRATIVE REVIEW
Authors: Duangjina Thitinan , Gruss Valerie 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Resilience is the ability to rebound from adversity and the amount of resilience varies depending on the sociocultural contexts. Little is known about resilience in Asian family caregivers of older adults with dementia, although Asian countries show the fastest growth of dementia. An integrative review focused on resilience in Asian family caregivers was guided by Whittemore and Knafl (2005). A systematic search of five databases (CINAHL, EMBASE, PsycINFO, MEDLINE, PubMed) was conducted and limited to English-language empirical studies published between 2016 and 2021. A constant comparison approach was used for the data analysis. A total of 15 studies conducted in nine Asian countries were selected for review. Results revealed Asian family caregivers were most commonly adult children, female, and providing home care. Resilience was impacted by multiple interrelated factors. Two influences emerged from this review including risk factors (burden, stigma, family stress, social stress) and protective factors (positive aspect of caregiving [PAC], religiosity/spirituality, social support). Filial piety, derived from religiosity/spirituality, played a role in both risk and protective factors. Asian caregivers with a deep-rooted belief in filial piety exhibited more depression than US caregivers (d=.21, p &lt;.05), as Asian caregivers restricted their other activities and dedicated themselves to caregiving. Other Asian caregivers who balanced a belief of filial piety experienced a PAC and were resilient. Future interventional research should focus on minimizing risk factors (burden) and maximizing protective factors (PAC and religiosity/spirituality) to promote resilience among Asian family caregivers. A culturally aligned family-centered approach to care should be considered.
TYPOLOGIES OF PARENT-CHILD RELATIONSHIPS AND ASSOCIATED HEALTH OUTCOMES: A CROSS-CULTURAL COMPARISON
Authors: Kong Dexia , Lu Peiyi , Silverstein Merril 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background
This study investigates types of parent-child relationships and associated health outcomes among older adults of U.S. and China. Method: Cross-sectional data from Health and Retirement Study in the U.S. and Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study in China were used (N_(U.S.)=3918, N_China=4058). Relationship indicators included co-residence, living nearby, having weekly contacts, receiving assistance with daily activities, providing grandchild care, and having financial transfer from/to children. Latent class and regression analyses were conducted.

Results
Four classes were identified for older Americans, including (1) distant and uninvolved (6.58%); (2) geographically proximate with frequent contacts and downward support (47.04%); (3) co-resident with frequent contacts and upward support (13.1%); and (4) geographically proximate with frequent contacts (33.28%). By contrast, three classes were identified among older Chinese, including (1) co-resident with frequent contacts and upward support (37.46%); (2) coresident/interdependent (25.65%); (3) geographically proximate with frequent contacts and upward financial support (36.89%). For both countries, providing downward support was associated with fewer functional limitations and better cognitive function. Receiving instrumental support from children was associated with more depressive symptoms and functional limitations, and poorer cognitive function among Chinese older adults only.

Conclusions
Cultural contrasts were evident in parent-adult child relationship types and their associations with health outcomes. Overall, child-parent relationships in China tend to be more tight-knit than that of the U.S. Receiving financial support from children and co-residence are unique features of child-parent relationships in China. Cultural differences in child-parent relationships call for culturally-relevant strategies to address needs of older adults from various cultures.
NURSING HOME STAFF RISK PERCEPTIONS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Carpenter Joan , Kooiman Nia , Kowalchik Kalei , Mogle Jacqueline , Newman Jasmine , Behrens Liza 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Nursing home (NH) staffs’ risk perceptions related to NH residents’ health and safety are a barrier to honoring residents’ preferences for care and activities; this was exacerbated during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study intended to describe NH staffs’ self-perceived risk perceptions during the COVID-19 crisis as measured by the validated Risk Propensity Scale. Participants (N=27) included licensed and unlicensed nursing staff (e.g., RN, LPN, CNA), social workers, and activities directors, were mostly female (85%), White (74%), non-Hispanic (93%), and had more than three years of experience working in NHs (78%). Survey results indicated that males considered themselves risk seekers (M=7.5 out of 9) and females risk avoiders (M=4.0). Despite identifying as a risk seeker or risk avoider, the majority of participants agreed with “safety first”, preferred to avoid risk, and viewed risks as “a challenge.” Findings will be discussed considering implications for person-centered risk management during a public health crisis.
PILOT PROGRAM EVALUATION RESULTS OF DEMENTIA FRIENDS FOR INCARCERATED SETTINGS
Authors: Bibbo Jessica , Nicolay Sarah 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This presentation will present the findings from the pilot sessions. 266 people completed both pre- and post-session surveys (Mage=46.10, SDage=11.47; Female=62.03%; Full time=97.36%). Sixty-five percent knew a person living with dementia (PWD) and 28.57% said they worked with PWD. Four out of the five attitude items (e.g., I am confident interacting with PWD; I am able to recognize behaviors that may be due to dementia) significantly improved (ps&lt;0.001). There was no change in knowledge items (ps≥0.18); Ninety-five percent agreed they would use the information in their work and 95.82% would recommend the session to the people they worked with. Topics participants wanted to learn more about focused on communication with and activities for PWD in an incarcerated setting, learning more about dementia, adjusting the physical environment for PWD, and ensuring proper diet. Further, participants felt the session should be required for all ODRC staff.
DYING WELL WITH DEMENTIA: SUPPORT NEEDS AND DIVERSITY ACROSS CULTURES AND SETTINGS
Authors: van der Steen Jenny 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Dementia is increasingly recognized as a terminal illness but the end of life may comprise an extended period with death difficult to predict. Progressive cognitive impairment negatively affects autonomy. Family caregivers of people with dementia often fulfil important roles as spokespersons, informants, partners in care and proxy decision-makers. However, across cultures and individuals, values around autonomy, being in control, and family involvement are diverse. Therefore, perspectives on end of life with dementia and what is good care during the last phase of life may vary as well. Understanding and measuring good end-of-life care in dementia can help improve person and family centered caregiving at the end of life. This symposium will give insights into what is good end-of-life care in dementia and will show cultural and contextual differences drawing on studies in various countries. The contributions are based on diverse innovative and classical qualitative and quantitative methods including those engaging patient and public. Further work addresses how to support good end-of-life care during the COVID-19 pandemic, given the limitations of family restrictions and the need to provide care virtually. We present research on decision aids, care planning tools and care programs with a focus on ensuring that the perspectives of the person with dementia and family are at the forefront, and address individual differences in perceptions of a good end of life with dementia.
PREVALENCE OF SENSORY IMPAIRMENTS VARY BY RACE IN OLDER US ADULTS
Authors: Arshad Faaizah , Pinto Jayant , Yaffe Kristine , Brenowitz Willa 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Few studies have examined racial/ethnic disparities in sensory function. We studied 3,005 US adults (aged 57-85, mean 69.3 years); 10% Hispanic, 17% Black, 71% White; National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project). Impairment was defined by established criteria for objectively measured vision, smell, taste, touch and interviewer-rated hearing. Vision (22%), hearing (19%), smell (23%), taste (15%), and touch (19%) loss were common. Hispanic and Blacks showed the highest prevalence of vision, smell, and touch dysfunction. Findings persisted after adjustment for age, sex, education, and cardiometabolic conditions. Blacks had higher odds of impaired vision (adjusted Odds Ratio [aOR]:1.61; 95%CI:1.12, 2.32), smell (aOR:2.64; 95%CI:1.81, 3.84)) and touch (aOR:1.81; 95%CI:1.23, 2.64)) compared to Whites. Hispanics had higher odds of impaired smell than Whites (aOR:2.33; 95%CI:1.47, 3.67). Racial/ethnic minorities face marked disparities in function of the classical senses. Understanding how these differences arise, including potential systemic/social mechanisms, may catalyze interventions that promote health equity.
ADVANCING HEARING HEALTH EQUITY FOR OLDER ADULTS: FINDINGS FROM THE HEARS RCT
Authors: Nieman Carrie , Betz Joshua , Morales Emmanuel Garcia , Suen Jonathan , Marrone Nicole , Han Hae-Ra , Szanton Sarah , Lin Frank 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Hearing loss is highly prevalent but disparities exist in hearing care. Delivering care in partnership with community health workers (CHWs) is an established approach to addressing disparities but has not been robustly studied in hearing care. We recruited older adults with hearing loss from community sites in Baltimore, MD. The 2-hour intervention consists of fitting a low-cost amplification device and counseling.151 participants were randomized. The primary outcome was change in communication function (Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly-Screening [HHIE-S]; range 0-40; higher scores indicate poorer function). Communication function significantly improved in the intervention group, with an intention to treat estimated average treatment effect of a -12.98 point change (95% CI: -15.52, -10.42). In the first randomized control trial of a CHW-delivered hearing care intervention for older adults using low-cost amplification devices, participants receiving the intervention demonstrated a treatment effect comparable to prior studies of conventional hearing aids fit by audiologists.
LINKS BETWEEN SOCIAL CONNECTEDNESS AND COGNITIVE HEALTH OPERATE THROUGH SOCIAL STIMULATION AND COGNITIVE RESERVE
Authors: Peng Siyun , Singh Anmoldeep , Manchella Mohit , Perry Brea 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The link between social connectedness and dementia risk and resilience has been examined using a diverse set of measures. Though different measures of connectedness reflect distinct social processes and underlying mechanisms (e.g., stress buffering, cognitive stimulation), few studies have compared them. Using data from two social network studies of older adults (N=283), we compare associations between 29 measures of social connectedness and general cognitive function (MoCA), and non-verbal (Rey) and episodic memory (Craft). Measures of social participation (e.g., volunteering, working, attending church) and social support were unassociated with cognitive outcomes, net of controls. Quality of friendships (p&lt;.05), family relationships (p&lt;.01), and marriage (p&lt;.05) were sporadically associated. Measures indicating large, diverse, and expansive networks were strongly and consistently related to all cognitive outcomes (e.g., number of phone contacts [p&lt;.001], network size [p&lt;.001], density [p&lt;.001], racial homophily [p&lt;.05], age heterogeneity [p&lt;0.01], and diversity [p&lt;.001]). We discuss implications for theories of cognitive reserve.
SOCIAL COGNITIVE DEFICITS RELATE TO KEY ASPECTS OF OLDER ADULTS' SOCIAL NETWORKS
Authors: Krendl Anne , Perry Brea 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Social connectedness confers benefits to older adults’ cognition, including slowing the progression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Social connectedness is facilitated by social cognitive function – how people understand, store, and apply information about others – which declines over the lifespan. We examined whether two core social cognitive skills – face memory and theory of mind (the ability to infer others’ mental states) – predicted older adults’ social network structure and composition. Cognitively normal older adults (OA; N=119) and OA with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or AD (N=96) completed a social network interview, a face memory task, and a theory of mind measure. Social cognitive deficits were highest among OA with MCI and AD. Face memory predicted network size, whereas theory of mind predicted network composition. Neuroimaging results describing OA’s social cognitive deficits are also discussed. Social cognitive function may be an important intervention target for preserving older adults’ social connectedness.
NARRATIVE AS A BOUNDARY CONCEPT IN GERONTOLOGY: THE STORY BEHIND THE STORIES
Authors: de Medeiros Kate , O'Neill Desmond 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Ever since the “narrative turn” was taken up by the humanities and social sciences in the 1980s and early 1990s, there has been an increased interest in narrative as a medium for gaining knowledge in gerontology. Narrative gerontology in particular assumes that the "life lived is inseparable from the life told" (Bruner 1987). Central to this notion is the metaphor of life as story or, as Kenyon and Randall put it, "[W]e not only have stories, we are stories" (1999). As a boundary concept, “narrative” inhabits several disciplinary worlds. Its analysis can focus on individual identification strategies, on the storytelling process and its context, or on aesthetic dimensions, for instance when analyzing cultural representations including film and fiction. Often loosely defined yet broadly applied, narrative work can range from personal life stories to master narratives that convey cultural and/or political values. The purpose of the Humanities and Arts symposium is to take a critical look at "narrative" within gerontology to include mapping the uses of narrative as actions, objects, ways of knowing and acts of resistance. The first paper presents a conceptual structure of narrative based on findings from a guided review of narrative definitions and approaches in gerontology. The second argues for the normative importance in studying cultural narratives of dementia. The third paper examines narrative in the context of the medical humanities and narrative medicine, pointing to ways in which narrative competence translates into medical practice. The final paper considers the narrative of aging through music.
THE NEW AGING: HOW DIFFERENT ASPECTS OF AGING HAVE CHANGED OVER HALF A CENTURY. THE H70 STUDIES WITHIN NEAR
Authors: Skoog Ingmar , Sterner Therese Rydberg 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The number and proportions of older people are increasing world-wide. The Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort Studies started in 1971 and are still on-going. The studies include representative birth cohorts born 1901-02, 1906-07, 1911-12, 1922, 1923-24, 1930, and 1944 followed longitudinally from age 70 until death. The studies include psychiatric, somatic, audiological, opthalmological, psychological, social, genetic, dietary, functional, and psychometric examinations, personality, collection of blood, plasma, serum, and cerebrospinal fluid, and examinations with MRI. During the study period, cognitive and physical functions, and hearing, has improved considerably, the prevalence and incidence of dementia has decreased, the prevalence of depression and psychotic disorders has decreased, and sexual activity and alcohol consumption has increased considerably. Even personality has changed. Present older people are less neurotic and more extrovert. Our study shows that aging is a changing concept, and that previous knowledge needs to be continuously updated, as new generations reach old age.
NOVEL INTERVENTIONS AND TARGETS FOR THE PREVENTION OF DEMENTIA AND FRAILTY: 2021 EDITOR’S CHOICE ARTICLES FROM JGMS
Authors: Lipsitz Lewis , Windham Beverly Gwen 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This symposium will present four 2021 “Editor’s Choice” articles from the Journal of Gerontology Medical Sciences that focus on novel interventions and targets for the prevention of dementia and frailty. Jeffrey Scherrer and colleagues, in their article “Lower Risk for Dementia Following Adult Tetanus, Diphtheria, and Pertussis (Tdap) Vaccination,” examine the links between adult vaccinations and decreased dementia risk. Katharine Brewster, Justin Golub (presenter), and colleagues, in “Age-Related Hearing Loss, Late-Life Depression, and Risk for Incident Dementia in Older Adults,” investigate hearing loss and depression as independent risk factors for eventual conversion to dementia. By understanding these potentially reversible mechanisms for dementia, targets for early interventions could be identified. “Association Between Long-Term Aspirin Use and Frailty in Men: The Physicians’ Health Study,” written by Ariela Orkaby and colleagues, examines the association between long-term aspirin use and frailty, furthering our understanding of the benefits of anti-inflammatory medications even in older adults. Kristen George and coauthors, in their article, “Impact of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Adolescence, Young Adulthood, and Midlife on Late-Life Cognition: Study of Healthy Aging in African Americans,” examine how cardiovascular risk factors early in life may affect late life cognition in Black Americans. Beverly Gwen Windham, the discussant, will highlight commonalities and lessons learned from these studies.
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN LONG-TERM ASPIRIN USE AND FRAILTY IN MEN: THE PHYSICIANS' HEALTH STUDY
Authors: Orkaby Ariela , Yang Laiji , Dufour Alyssa , Travison Thomas , Sesso Howard , Driver Jane , Djousse Luc , Gaziano J 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The role of anti-inflammatory medications such as aspirin to prevent frailty is unknown. We studied 12,101 men ≥60 years who participated in the Physicians' Health Study I, a completed aspirin trial. Annual questionnaires collected data on aspirin use, lifestyle, and clinical variables. Average aspirin use was dichotomized: ≤60 vs &gt;60 days/year. Frailty was assessed using a 33-item index. Propensity score methods addressed confounding by indication. Logistic regression models estimated odds of frailty as a function of categories of average aspirin use. Mean age was 71 years. Following an average of 11 years of follow-up, 15% reported aspirin use ≤60 days/year; 20% were frail. The OR (95%CI) for frailty was 0.85 (0.76-0.96) for average aspirin use &gt;60 days/year vs ≤60 days/year. Results were similar using an alternate definition of frailty. Long-term regular aspirin use is inversely associated with frailty among older men, even after consideration of multi-morbidity and health behaviors.