bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Montmorillonite-based Adsorption and Thermal Combustion: A Novel Approach to Purify Tetracycline-Contaminated Water
Authors: Zyoud Ahed , Zyoud Shaher , Amireh Ameed 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Ensuring access to clean and safe water is a critical aspect of human survival, yet water pollution caused by organic contaminants remains a significant global challenge. Adsorption, which involves using an adsorbent material to remove pollutants, is a well-established technique for purifying water from organic contaminants. However, the adsorption capacity of the material decreases over time as it becomes saturated with the adsorbed pollutants. In this study, the researchers used montmorillonite, a naturally occurring and readily available clay mineral, as an adsorbent material for the removal of tetracycline from water sources. The results demonstrate that montmorillonite is an efficient adsorbent, with complete adsorption of tetracycline achieved within 40 minutes of stirring using just 0.1g of montmorillonite with tetracycline (100 mL, 100 ppm). Furthermore, the study presents a novel approach to regenerate and activate used montmorillonite through thermal combustion, allowing for its reuse in further adsorption processes. The stability of the annealed montmorillonite was confirmed by characterization techniques such as TGA and FT-IR. The findings suggest that montmorillonite is a sustainable, low-cost, and effective adsorbent material for the removal of o from water sources and holds potential for removing other organic pollutants (such as pesticides, insecticides, herbicides, dyes, pharmaceuticals), presenting a valuable addition to existing water treatment methods.
Network Meta-Analysis of First-Line Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy in Advanced Non-Squamous Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients with PD-L1 Expression ≥50%
Authors: chen wei , Chen Jiayi , Zhang Lin , Cheng Sheng , Yu Junxian 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Introduction:The optimal first-line immunotherapy regimen for advanced non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NS-NSCLC) patients with programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression ≥ 50% remains unclear. Our aim is to determine the most effective treatment regimen through a network meta-analysis (NMA) comparing these treatments.MethodsA systematic search was performed in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Embase databases, and a Bayesian network meta-analysis was conducted. To ensure transparency, the study was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (CRD42022349712).ResultsThe analysis included 11 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with 2037 patients and 12 immunotherapy combinations. ICI-ICI, ICI alone, and chemotherapy-ICI showed significant advantages over chemotherapy in terms of overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy showed the best OS results compared to chemotherapy. Tislelizumab plus chemotherapy and sintilimab plus chemotherapy provided the best PFS results.ConclusionsFor NS-NSCLC patients with PD-L1 ≥ 50%, pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy, tislelizumab plus chemotherapy, and sintilimab plus chemotherapy are recommended as good treatment options based on the results of this NMA.
Perception of BPT undergraduates regarding offline and online mode of training– A survey
Authors: Shetty Mamta , Furia Khilti , Kadam Kalpita , Jain Urvi , Jaod Shifa , Kadve Tanvi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background COVID-19 has rapidly emerged as a pandemic affecting more than 200 countries worldwide. One common trend that was seen around the globe during the pandemic was an increase in academic activities using e-learning making a swift transition from place-based classes to virtual online learning system. The digital revolution has significantly changed the learning affinities of students, particularly those born between 1995 and 2010, known as Generation Z. Thus, it is critical in these times of COVID-19 pandemic to know the perception of students of this generation regarding the major change in mode of training and whether it would be convenient for further education even after the lockdown is called off.Methods An online survey was administered to 500 BPT graduates across Mumbai and Navi Mumbai. An orientation session regarding the research was conducted by the co-investigator for the sampling population over Zoom meeting informing them about the details of study. A google form link containing the Student Engagement questionnaire was formed and shared with the sample population via electronic platform of their individual preferences.Results The study was focused on reporting the perception of BPT graduates regarding offline and online mode of training. Out of the total participants 98.2% perceived critical thinking, creative thinking, adaptability, problem solving, assessment and coherence of curriculum domain to be an important aspect of training in offline mode when compared to online mode. Combined perception of participants for the domains self-managed learning, computer literacy, feedback to assist learning and cooperative learning was considered 4.5% to be salient in offline mode of training when compared to online mode. Assessment of the domains interpersonal skills, relationship with other students and between teachers and students revealed that 96.5% participants perceived these domains to be major aspect of offline mode of training.Conclusion Findings from the present study reported that students perceived offline mode of training to be beneficial compared to the online mode. Many students perceived that the offline mode of lectures provides more information on subjects and more scope for interaction with peers and teachers.
Realizing quantum speed limit in open system with a PT -symmetric trapped-ion qubit
Authors: Luo Le , Lu Pengfei , liu teng , liu yang , Rao Xinxin , lao qifeng , Wu Hao , zhu feng 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Faster quantum gate operation time is one of the key issues in quantum information processing. It has a lower bound in a closed quantum system, so called quantum speed limit (QSL). But this limit could be significantly decreased in an open system, resulting in novel quantum computation schemes. Here we have experimentally studied the QSL in a non-Hermitian parity time symmetric (PT -symmetric) quantum system with a dissipative trapped-ion qubit. The QSL decreases with the increase of dissipation intensity, which is significantly smaller than that of closed system. The non-Hermitian QSL exhibits chiral dependence on the evolution path, for which we propose the
non-Hermitian Bloch sphere and construct its corresponding SU(2) Lie group to explain it. Furthermore, the QSL with the anti-parity-time-symmetric system has been verified in our experiments. These results enable a wellcontrolled knob for speeding up quantum gate operation, paving the way towards faster quantum computation in an open system.
Lipid metabolism of plasma-derived small extracellular in COVID-19 convalescent patients
Authors: Wenjing Xiao , Huang Qi , Luo Ping , Tan Xueyun , Xia Hui , Wang Sufei , Sun Yice , Wang Zhihui , Ma Yanling , Zhang Jianchu , Jin Yang 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which affects multiple organs, is causing an unprecedented global public health crisis. Most COVID-19 patients recover gradually upon appropriate interventions. Viruses were reported to utilize the small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) to escape the attack from the host’s immune system. This study aimed to examine the lipid profile of plasma small extracellular vesicles of recovered COVID-19 patients (RCs). Plasma sEVs were separated from 83 RCs 3 months after discharge without underlying diseases, including 18 recovered asymptomatic patients (RAs), 32 recovered moderate patients (RMs), and 33 recovered severe and critical patients (RSs), and 19 healthy controls (HCs) by Total Exosome Isolation. Lipids were extracted from sEVs and then subjected to targeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Size, concentration, and distribution of plasma-derived sEVs from RAs, RMs, RSs, and HCs did not differ in RCs and HCs as validated by transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and immunoblot analysis. Fifteen subclasses of 508 lipids were detected in plasma sEVs from HCs, RAs, RMs, and RSs, such as phosphatidylcholines (PCs) and diacylglycerols (DAGs), etc. Total lipid intensity displayed downregulation in RCs compared with HCs. The relative abundance of DAGs gradually dropped, whereas PCs, lysophosphatidylcholines, and sphingomyelins were higher in RCs relative to HCs, especially RSs. 88 lipids out of 241 were significantly different and a conspicuous increase in lipid profiles of RCs was revealed with disease status. The lipids alternations were found to be significantly correlated with the clinical indices in RCs and HCs, suggesting that the impact of COVID-19 on lipid metabolism lingered for a long time. The lipid abnormalities bore an intimate link with glycerophospholipid metabolism and glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor biosynthesis. Furthermore, the lipidomic analysis showed that RCs were at higher risk of developing diabetes and sustaining hepatic impairment. The abnormality of immunomodulation in RCs might still exist. The study may offer new insights into the mechanism of organ dysfunction and help identify novel therapeutic targets in the RCs.
Establishing the health and wellbeing needs of mining host community in Brazil, Chile and Peru: a mixed-method approach to identify priority areas for action to help communities meet their SDG3 targets
Authors: Rice Brian , Buller Ana Maria , Boccia Delia , Bazan Cesar , Miranda Rafael , Cea Ximena , Laro Rodrigo , Fontes Miguel , Hayes Rosalie , Wit Mariken , Carter Daniel J , Plowright Alexandra , Chadwick Matthew , Gafos Mitzy 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background: The global mining industry is an important partner in advancing the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. In 2018, Anglo American plc published their Sustainable Mining Plan, containing a goal for improving health and wellbeing aligned with the Sustainable Development Goal 3 (SDG3) targets. Having formed an independent multidisciplinary research consortium, we designed and implemented a mixed-methods approach to attain a deeper understanding of SDG3 priorities within the local context of communities hosting Anglo American mining operations located in Latin America.
Methods: In 2019, within the host communities of three mining operations in Chile, three in Brazil, and one in Peru, we conducted a qualitative study which included stakeholder workshops and key informant interviews. We also quantitatively appraised existing health data.Findings emerging from the qualitative and quantitative assessments were compared to identify health and wellbeing priority areas for action relevant to each community.
Results: Across the three countries, 120 people took part in workshops and 35 in interviews. In these workshops and interviews, non-communicable diseases (SDG3.4), harmful alcohol consumption (SDG3.5), and pollution, particularly air pollution (SDG3.9), were consistently identified as areas for priority action. There were similarities in the reporting of individual, interpersonal, community, societal, and structural factors underlying these priority areas across the different communities. The availability of quantitative data was generally good at the state level, becoming increasing sparse as we focused on smaller geographies. The priorities identified in the quantitative assessments generally aligned with those highlighted in the qualitative data.
Conclusions: We highlight the importance of engaging with local populations to understand and address health needs. To address the priorities identified, intervention packages tailored to the specific needs of host communities, that tackle associated upstream societal level factors, are required. To facilitate this, appropriate monitoring systems and epidemiological investigations should be implemented to better understand the local context and quantify health issues. In the host communities, it is essential for the mining sector to be a key health partner in promoting integrated programmes that contribute to achieving the priority objectives and targets aligned with the SDG3 agenda.
A Case of Anti-Hu Antibody-Associated Sensory Neuronopathy after Subacute Combined Degeneration of the Spinal Cord
Authors: Niu Tongyang , Ren MengSi , Liu Qi , Liu Yaling , Dong Hui 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Introduction: Paraneoplastic neurological syndromes (PNS) are non-metastatic complications of malignancy that result from immune-mediated neuronal dysfunction or death and can affect any part of the nervous system. Hu, Yo, Ri and other antibodies are involved in nervous system injury. PNS is rare in the clinic, among which sensory neuronopathy (SNN) is one of the few classic syndromes, and the report of the pyramidal tract sign is rare. Here we report a case of SNN associated with bilateral pyramidal tract impairment. The patient's main complaint is numbness in the limbs and face. Even after early diagnosis of subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord (SCD) and active treatment, the numbness symptoms continue to worsen. The patient's diagnosis was finally confirmed after parathyroid-related antibody testing. The patient was finally diagnosed with probable PNS but no tumor has been found for 8 years since the onset of the disease. So she has not received any immunomodulatory or immunosuppressive treatment. It is recommended that the patient continue to take vitamin B and undergo tumor screening every 6 months.
Conclusion: The early SCD of this case masked its true cause, and there are many unique aspects to this case: despite a long medical history, no tumors were found; concurrent bilateral pyramidal tract sign; NCV examination showed predominantly peripheral sensory axonal damage. Therefore, it has brought difficulties to the diagnosis of our cases and provided ideas for the diagnosis of similar cases in the future.
Renal impairment is a risk factor for trifluridine/tipiracil-induced adverse events in metastatic colorectal cancer patients: An exploratory analysis of REGOTAS study
Authors: Shiroyama Mamiko , Fukuoka Shota , Masuishi Toshiki , Takashima Atsuo , Kumekawa Yosuke , Kajiwara Takeshi , Yamazaki Kentaro , Shimada Yasuhiro , Esaki Taito , Makiyama Akitaka , Moriwaki Toshikazu 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Renal impairment increases the risk of hematologic events (AEs) in patients on trifluridine/tipiracil (FTD/TPI). This study aimed to clarify the specific types of AEs associated with renal impairment in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) on FTD/TPI, using a real-world dataset.
Methods
Among the patients included in the REGOTAS study (a retrospective study of FTD/TPI versus regorafenib), those treated with FTD/TPI were evaluated. Creatinine clearance (Ccr) values of <30, 30–60, 60–90, and >90 mL/min were defined as severe, moderate, mild renal impairment, and normal renal function, respectively. Renal impairment was analyzed as a risk factor for grade 3 or higher AEs using a logistic regression model. Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) based on renal impairment were evaluated.
Results
In all, 309 were included in the analysis, and 124, 130, and 55 patients were divided into the normal, mild, and moderate-to-severe groups, respectively. Risk of grade 3 or higher neutropenia was significantly higher in the moderate-to-severe group (odds ratio, 3.47; 95% confidence interval, 1.45–8.30; P=0.005), but the risk of non-hematologic AEs did not increase in any of the groups. The OS and PFS of the mild and moderate-to-severe groups were comparable to those in the normal group.
Conclusion
Patients with mCRC and moderate/severe renal impairment on FTD/TPI therapy may develop severe neutropenia; however, FTD/TPI is considered a treatment option because of its clinical benefit.
Anomalous Liquid Gating from Atomic-scale Graphene Capillaries for Precise and Ultrafast Molecular Sieving
Authors: Zeng Hongbo , Zhang Qian , Gao Bo , Zhang Ling , Liu Xiaopeng , Cui Jixiang , Cao Yijun , Xu Qun , Cui Xinwei , Jiang Lei 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Effective ion sieving demands reduction of pore size, which inevitably hinders water flux in hydrophilic membranes, posing a major challenge for precise and ultrafast molecular sieving. Herein, we introduce anomalous liquid gating from nanofiltration membranes full of graphene capillaries at 6 Å with a contact angle of 84°, fabricated from spontaneous restacking of island-on-nanosheet microstructure. We found that ion diffusion driven by osmosis could be suppressed to negligible levels (~ 10− 4 mol m-2 h-1); unexpectedly, ultrafast bulk flow of water (45.4 L m-2 h-1) was still functional with ease, as gated on and off by adjusting hydrostatic pressure differences only in 10− 2 bar. We attribute this to graphene nanoconfinement effect, where confined crystal-like water hinders diffusion under osmosis but facilitates high-speed, diffusion-free water transport in the way analogous to Newton’s cradle-like Grotthus conduction. This strategy establishes liquid-solid-liquid, phase-changing molecular transport, beneficial to resolving long-suffering troubles in conventional realms of molecular sieving.
Sociodemographic, Clinical and Biochemical Factors Associated With the Glomerular Filtration Rate in Patients Newly Admitted to Hemodialysis in Sus
Authors: de Oliveira Lara Camargo , Cotta Rosângela Minardi Mitre , Ferreira Emily de Souza , Moreira Tiago Ricardo , Silva Rodrigo Gomes da 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background Among the chronic conditions with the greatest evidence of a multifactorial nature, both in terms of etiology and progression, Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) stands out. The present study aims to analyze the relationship between the Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) and the biochemical and sociodemographic parameters in individuals recently admitted to hemodialysis.Methods This is a baseline cross-sectional design of the Nephrology Service of the health microregion of Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Descriptive, univariate and multiple linear regression analyzes were performed. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to test the normality of continuous variables. For numeric variables, Student's t and Mann Whitney test were used. All analyzes were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 23.0 Software.Results Data from 422 patients were included. The mean age at the onset of HD was 64.02 ± 15.21 years. Chronic hypertensive kidney disease represented 33.4% of cases with varied etiology. The average Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR), calculated using the CKD-EPI formula, was 10.13 ml/min/1.73m² and the average survival time was 52.06 months (± 49.91%). Based on the evaluation of laboratory data, the averages that were not normal according to the recommendations for these patients were serum calcium, hemoglobin, hematocrit, serum albumin and pre-dialysis urea. Based on the results of the univariate analysis, the following variables were included in the multiple linear regression model: gender, marital status, age, nPCR, glucose, albumin, ferritin, and PTH. According to multivariate analysis, gender, marital status, nPCR, glucose and PTH were independently associated with GFR.Conclusion CKD is increasingly highlighted nowadays because it is a CNCD with a high prevalence of hospitalizations and mortality due to its multifactorial and progressive nature. Therefore, by analyzing the relationship between GFR and biochemical and sociodemographic parameters in individuals newly admitted to HD, the present study allows further insights into the mechanisms that will translate into causalities and ways to establish a better prognosis.
Postnatal Kangaroo Mother Care Practice at Home and Comparison of Improvement in Vital Parameters in Low-Birth-Weight Babies In-Home Setup and Non-Teaching Hospital Setup in Rural Coal Mines Area Jharkhand, India: A Community-Based Prospective Observational Study
Authors: PRASAD TULSI , Roy Ashish Kumar 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background Low birth weight (LBW) newborns especially those < 2000 gms are more prone to hypothermia due to which other physiological parameters gets deteriorated in 1st week of life. The objective of this observational study was to continue Kangaroo Mother Care practice at home and to ascertain whether KMC was effective in improving the vital parameters of LBW babies when it is given at home in a rural coal mines area, in Jharkhand, India.Methods This study was a community-based prospective observational study, done over three years from November 2019 to November 2022. In this study, we included 156 pairs of both mothers and LBW babies (weight 1500 to < 2000 gm). After discharge from the hospital on day 3, KMC was continued at home on day 4, day 5, and day 6. Data of four physiological parameters namely temperature, oxygen saturation, respiratory rate, and heart rate, were collected before and after KMC and analyzed.Results Among 400 newborns, 156 LBW babies (39.0%) who were given KMC at home, showed similar but statistically significant improvement of vital parameters, especially in temperature and oxygen saturation(p < 0.0001) compared to the same babies 156(39.0%) given KMC in the hospital (p < 0.001).Conclusion Kangaroo Mother Care, which was continued at home, has a significant role in the Improvement of vital parameters especially concerning temperature and oxygen saturation. If the babies in the weight range of 1500 to < 2000 gm are healthy, well-breast fed, and have no other risk factors can be discharged early, and managed at home by delivering supportive care, nursing care along with Kangaroo Mother Care with continuous follow-up.
Heat stress-induced changes in physiological and some biochemical traits of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes
Authors: Tabassum Rehenuma , Hasan Ahmed Khairul , Rahimi Mehdi , Katsube-Tanaka Tomoyuki , Monshi Fakhrul Islam 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
High temperature during grain filling stage in wheat is greatly affects the wheat production by altering its physiological and biochemical process. Understanding the response of physio-biochemical traits of wheat genotypes under late sowing heat stress condition will facilitate the development of high yielding, stress-tolerant wheat genotypes. Eight diverse wheat cultivars were used to characterize the physiological and biochemical traits for the improvement of heat tolerance by using heat tolerance index (HTI), heat susceptibility index (HIS), multivariate analysis and heatmapping. The flag leaf proline content and water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC) accumulation were increased by 19.0% and 38.9% respectively, while in kernel, the proline was decreased by 23.5% from the optimum to late grown heat condition. The principal component analysis and biplot analysis showed that initial principal components, PC1 and PC2 represented 83% of total cumulative variation. The chlorophyll content, yield and yield contributing characters, proline and WSC showed significant differences between the heat tolerant and heat susceptible variety. Among the studied cultivars, BARI GOM-30 performed better than the others in heat stressed condition. The cluster analysis demonstrated the cultivars were categorized into three groups and Spk and Gr seem to be interesting traits as well as HTI and HIS. It’s concluded that the physio-biochemical traits associated with HTI for grain yield are the major factors which may contribute in improved wheat productivity. If these traits performed appropriately under stress condition the crop will show more productive returns under changing climate.