bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diastolic delta best predicts paravalvular regurgitation after transcatheter aortic valve replacement as assessed by cardiac magnetic resonance: the APPOSE trial
Authors: Rooijakkers Maxim J P , Stens Niels A , van Wely Marleen H , van der Wulp Kees , Rodwell Laura , Gehlmann Helmut , van Garsse Leen A F M , Geuzebroek Guillaume S C , Verkroost Michel W A , Habets Jesse , El Messaoudi Saloua , Thijssen Dick H J , Nijveldt Robin , van Royen Niels 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Aims
Paravalvular regurgitation (PVR) is a common complication after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) that poses an increased risk of rehospitalization for heart failure and mortality. The aim of this study was to assess the accuracy of haemodynamic indices to predict relevant PVR.

Methods and results
In this prospective single-centre clinical trial, four haemodynamic indices of PVR measured during TAVR were assessed for their correlation with gold standard cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR)-derived regurgitant fraction (CMR-RF) at 1 month follow-up: diastolic delta (DD), heart rate-adjusted diastolic delta (HR-DD), aortic regurgitation index (ARI), and aortic regurgitation index ratio (ARI ratio). These haemodynamic indices were analysed for their ability to predict relevant PVR (defined as CMR-RF &gt; 20%) using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves with corresponding area under the ROC curves (AUCs). A total of 77 patients were included and had CMR performed 41 ± 14 days after TAVR. Mean CMR-RF was 12.4 ± 9.3%. Fifteen (19.5%) patients had CMR-RF &gt; 20%. DD had the best correlation with CMR-RF and the highest AUC to predict relevant PVR (0.82; 95% CI, 0.72–0.92), followed by HR-DD (AUC 0.78; 95% CI, 0.67–0.89), ARI (AUC 0.78; 95% CI, 0.66–0.89), and ARI ratio (AUC 0.65; 95% CI, 0.49–0.81). The optimal cut-off value for DD was 32 mmHg, with sensitivity of 69% and specificity of 77% in predicting relevant PVR.

Conclusion
DD measured during TAVR best predicts relevant PVR. Correction for heart rate (HR-DD) or systolic blood pressure (ARI, ARI ratio) did not improve this predictive value.
Extracellular volume fraction (ECV) derived from pre-operative computed tomography predicts prognosis in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI)
Authors: Vignale Davide , Palmisano Anna , Gnasso Chiara , Margonato Davide , Romagnolo Davide , Barbieri Simone , Ingallina Giacomo , Stella Stefano , Ancona Marco Bruno , Montorfano Matteo , Maisano Francesco , Agricola Eustachio , Esposito Antonio 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Aims
Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is the treatment of choice for high-risk patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS). A portion of TAVI recipients has no long-term clinical benefit, and myocardial fibrosis may contribute to unfavourable outcomes. We aimed to assess the prognostic value of an interstitial fibrosis marker, extracellular volume fraction (ECV), measured at planning computed tomography (CT) before TAVI.

Methods and results
From October 2020 to July 2021, 159 consecutive patients undergoing TAVI planning CT were prospectively enroled. ECV was calculated as the ratio of myocardium and blood pool differential attenuations before and 5 min after contrast administration, pondered for haematocrit. A composite endpoint including heart failure hospitalization (HFH) and death was collected by telehealth or in-person follow-up visits in the 113 patients constituting the final study population. Cox proportional hazards model was used to assess association between ECV and the composite endpoint.
Median follow-up was 13 (11–15) months. The composite endpoint occurred in 23/113 (20%) patients. These patients had lower aortic valve mean pressure gradient [39 (29–48) vs. 46 (40–54) mmHg, P = 0.002] and left ventricular and right ventricular ejection fraction [51 (37–69) vs. 66 (54–74)%, P = 0.014; 45 (31–53) vs. 49 (44–55)%, P = 0.010] and higher ECV [31.5 (26.9–34.3) vs. 27.8 (25.3–30.2)%, P = 0.006]. At multivariable Cox analysis, ECV higher than 31.3% was associated to increased risk of death or HFH at follow-up (hazard ratio = 5.92, 95% confidence interval 2.37–14.75, P &lt; 0.001).

Conclusion
In this prospective observational cohort study, ECV measured at TAVI planning CT predicts the composite endpoint (HFH or death) in high-risk severe AS patients.
A Highly Contiguous and Annotated Genome Assembly of the Lesser Prairie-Chicken (Tympanuchus pallidicinctus)
Authors: Black Andrew N , Bondo Kristin J , Mularo Andrew , Hernandez Alvaro , Yu Yachi , Stein Carleigh M , Gregory Andy , Fricke Kent A , Prendergast Jeff , Sullins Dan , Haukos David , Whitson Michael , Grisham Blake , Lowe Zach , DeWoody J Andrew 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The Lesser Prairie-Chicken (Tympanuchus pallidicinctus; LEPC) is an iconic North American prairie grouse, renowned for ornate and spectacular breeding season displays. Unfortunately, the species has disappeared across much of its historical range, with corresponding precipitous declines in contemporary population abundance, largely due to climatic and anthropogenic factors. These declines led to a 2022 US Fish and Wildlife decision to identify and list two distinct population segments (DPSs; i.e., northern and southern DPSs) as threatened or endangered under the 1973 Endangered Species Act. Herein, we describe an annotated reference genome that was generated from a LEPC sample collected from the southern DPS. We chose a representative from the southern DPS because of the potential for introgression in the northern DPS, where some populations hybridize with the Greater Prairie-Chicken (Tympanuchus cupido). This new LEPC reference assembly consists of 206 scaffolds, an N50 of 45 Mb, and 15,563 predicted protein-coding genes. We demonstrate the utility of this new genome assembly by estimating genome-wide heterozygosity in a representative LEPC and in related species. Heterozygosity in a LEPC sample was 0.0024, near the middle of the range (0.0003–0.0050) of related species. Overall, this new assembly provides a valuable resource that will enhance evolutionary and conservation genetic research in prairie grouse.
Telecaregiving for Dementia: A Mapping Review of Technological and Nontechnological Interventions
Authors: Hill Jordan R , Min Elissa E , Abebe Ephrem , Holden Richard J 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesInformal (or family) caregivers to older adults with Alzheimer’s disease or other related dementias (ADRD) could greatly benefit from innovative telecaregiving systems that support caregiving from a distance. The objective of this review is to better understand (a) who is involved in telecaregiving and their experiences; (b) the interventions currently available to support ADRD telecaregiving; and (c) the outcomes measured to assess the effects of ADRD telecaregiving interventions.Research Design and MethodsA mapping review was conducted by systematically searching MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, and PsycINFO for all works published in English from 2002 to 2022. References of included publications were searched to identify additional empirical publications for inclusion.ResultsSixty-one publications (describing 48 studies and 5 nonstudy sources) were included in the review. Currently available information on the demographics, experiences, challenges, and benefits of ADRD telecaregivers is summarized. We found that interventions to support telecaregiving could be classified into 7 categories of technological interventions and 3 categories of nontechnological interventions. Empirical studies on ADRD telecaregiving interventions investigated a variety of outcomes, the most prevalent being user experience.Discussion and ImplicationsWe conclude that (a) the paucity of literature on telecaregiving does not allow for a comprehensive understanding of the needs and day-to-day activities of ADRD telecaregivers; (b) interventions developed to support ADRD telecaregiving may not fully meet the needs of caregivers or care recipients; and (c) there is insufficient rigorous research establishing the effects of telecaregiving interventions on key ADRD-related outcomes.
Construction of a new chromosome-scale, long-read reference genome assembly for the Syrian hamster, Mesocricetus auratus
Authors: Harris R Alan , Raveendran Muthuswamy , Lyfoung Dustin T , Sedlazeck Fritz J , Mahmoud Medhat , Prall Trent M , Karl Julie A , Doddapaneni Harshavardhan , Meng Qingchang , Han Yi , Muzny Donna , Wiseman Roger W , O'Connor David H , Rogers Jeffrey 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background
The Syrian hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) has been suggested as a useful mammalian model for a variety of diseases and infections, including infection with respiratory viruses such as SARS-CoV-2. The MesAur1.0 genome assembly was generated in 2013 using whole-genome shotgun sequencing with short-read sequence data. Current more advanced sequencing technologies and assembly methods now permit the generation of near-complete genome assemblies with higher quality and greater continuity.

Findings
Here, we report an improved assembly of the M. auratus genome (BCM_Maur_2.0) using Oxford Nanopore Technologies long-read sequencing to produce a chromosome-scale assembly. The total length of the new assembly is 2.46 Gb, similar to the 2.50-Gb length of a previous assembly of this genome, MesAur1.0. BCM_Maur_2.0 exhibits significantly improved continuity, with a scaffold N50 that is 6.7 times greater than MesAur1.0. Furthermore, 21,616 protein-coding genes and 10,459 noncoding genes are annotated in BCM_Maur_2.0 compared to 20,495 protein-coding genes and 4,168 noncoding genes in MesAur1.0. This new assembly also improves the unresolved regions as measured by nucleotide ambiguities, where ∼17.11% of bases in MesAur1.0 were unresolved compared to BCM_Maur_2.0, in which the number of unresolved bases is reduced to 3.00%.

Conclusions
Access to a more complete reference genome with improved accuracy and continuity will facilitate more detailed, comprehensive, and meaningful research results for a wide variety of future studies using Syrian hamsters as models.
The first chromosome-level Fallopia multiflora genome assembly provides insights into stilbene biosynthesis
Authors: Zhao Yujiao , Yang Zhengyang , Zhang Zhongren , Yin Minzhen , Chu Shanshan , Tong Zhenzhen , Qin Yuejian , Zha Liangping , Fang Qingying , Yuan Yuan , Huang Luqi , Peng Huasheng 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Fallopia multiflora (Thunb.) Harald, a vine belonging to the Polygonaceae family, is used in traditional medicine. The stilbenes contained in it have significant pharmacological activities in anti-oxidation and anti-aging. This study describes the assembly of the F. multiflora genome and presents its chromosome-level genome sequence containing 1.46 gigabases of data (with a contig N50 of 1.97 megabases), 1.44 gigabases of which was assigned to 11 pseudochromosomes. Comparative genomics confirmed that F. multiflora shared a whole-genome duplication event with Tartary buckwheat and then underwent different transposon evolution after separation. Combining genomics, transcriptomics, and metabolomics data to map a network of associated genes and metabolites, we identified two FmRS genes responsible for the catalysis of one molecule of p-coumaroyl-CoA and three molecules of malonyl-CoA to resveratrol in F. multiflora. These findings not only serve as the basis for revealing the stilbene biosynthetic pathway but will also contribute to the development of tools for increasing the production of bioactive stilbenes through molecular breeding in plants or metabolic engineering in microbes. Moreover, the reference genome of F. multiflora is a useful addition to the genomes of the Polygonaceae family.
Individual-level and neighborhood-level shifts in mortality patterns among drug poisoning deaths in a high-density Asian city: a territory-wide, case-only analysis
Authors: Ho Hung Chak , Wong Stanley Sau-Ching , Cheung Chi Wai 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background
The shifts in individual-level and neighborhood-level patterns of drug poisoning deaths in a high-density Asian city over time have been underestimated, although they provide essential information for community-based surveillance and interventions.

Methods
A case-only analysis with a 16-y, territory-wide, population-based registry in Hong Kong was applied to compare drug poisoning deaths from 2001 to 2010 with 2011 to 2016. Drug poisoning deaths, deaths from heroin and deaths from other opioids (codeine or morphine) were extracted (ICD codes: T36-T50, T40.1, T40.2). Binomial regressions were used to estimate the shifts in mortality patterns.

Results
Among 3069 drug poisoning deaths, a significant shift in mortality patterns was found despite a decreasing mortality trend in Hong Kong. Overall, drug poisoning deaths shifted towards middle-aged/young-old, widowed/divorced, economically active, white collar and non-local born. Since 2011, more deaths from heroin were in older ages and non-local born, but less were never married and economically inactive. More deaths from other opioids were middle-aged, young-old and divorced. In particular, most decedents shifted towards young-old, especially deaths from other opioids. Compared with deaths during 2001–2010, there were 3.72- and 6.50-fold more deaths from heroin and deaths from other opioids in those aged ≥60 y since 2021 (ORs: 3.72 [2.37, 5.86], 6.50 [3.97, 10.65]), respectively. Additionally, drug poisoning deaths shifted towards areas with less neighborhood deprivation (more high-education individuals and a mix of private/public housing residents), especially deaths from other opioids.

Conclusion
Misuse of registered drugs (e.g. opioid pain relievers) could be a rising trend among vulnerable subpopulations in Hong Kong other than illegal drug use (heroin). Health officials should provide more advice and support on drug information. Specifically, an improved health system with education regarding the appropriate use of registered drugs for medical treatments should be provided to mid-/high-income and local-born individuals.
Phylogenomics reveals within species diversification but incongruence with color phenotypes in widespread orchid bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Euglossini)
Authors: Sandoval-Arango Stephania , Branstetter Michael G , Cardoso Carolina F , López-Uribe Margarita M 
Published: March 2023

AbstractColoration is an important phenotypic trait for taxonomic studies and has been widely used for identifying insect species and populations. However, coloration can be a poor diagnostic character for insect species that exhibit high polymorphism in this trait, which can lead to over-splitting of taxonomic units. In orchid bees, color variation has been interpreted by different taxonomists as either polymorphism associated with Müllerian mimicry complexes or diagnostic traits for species identification. Despite this uncertainty, integrative approaches that incorporate multiple independent datasets to test the validity of hair coloration as a character that identifies independent evolutionary units have not been used. Here, we use phylogenomic data from Ultraconserved Elements (UCEs) to explore whether color phenotypes in the widespread orchid bee species complexes Eulaema meriana and Eulaema bombiformis (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Euglossini) correspond to independent lineages or polymorphic trait variation within species. We find that lineages within both species are structured according to geography and that color morphs are generally unassociated with evolutionarily independent groups except for populations located in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil. We conclude that there is compelling evidence that E. atleticana and E. niveofasciata are subspecies of E. meriana and E. bombiformis, respectively, and not different species as previously suggested. Therefore, we recognize Eulaema meriana atleticanacomb. n. and Eulaema bombiformis niveofasciatacomb. n. and discuss their morphological characteristics. We make recommendations on the use of color traits for orchid bee taxonomy and discuss the significance of subspecies as evolutionary units relevant for conservation efforts.
Extreme differences in SARS-CoV-2 viral loads among respiratory specimen types during presumed pre-infectious and infectious periods
Authors: Viloria Winnett Alexander , Akana Reid , Shelby Natasha , Davich Hannah , Caldera Saharai , Yamada Taikun , Reyna John Raymond B , Romano Anna E , Carter Alyssa M , Kim Mi Kyung , Thomson Matt , Tognazzini Colten , Feaster Matthew , Goh Ying-Ying , Chew Yap Ching , Ismagilov Rustem F 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 viral-load measurements from a single-specimen type are used to establish diagnostic strategies, interpret clinical-trial results for vaccines and therapeutics, model viral transmission, and understand virus–host interactions. However, measurements from a single-specimen type are implicitly assumed to be representative of other specimen types. We quantified viral-load timecourses from individuals who began daily self-sampling of saliva, anterior-nares (nasal), and oropharyngeal (throat) swabs before or at the incidence of infection with the Omicron variant. Viral loads in different specimen types from the same person at the same timepoint exhibited extreme differences, up to 109 copies/mL. These differences were not due to variation in sample self-collection, which was consistent. For most individuals, longitudinal viral-load timecourses in different specimen types did not correlate. Throat-swab and saliva viral loads began to rise as many as 7 days earlier than nasal-swab viral loads in most individuals, leading to very low clinical sensitivity of nasal swabs during the first days of infection. Individuals frequently exhibited presumably infectious viral loads in one specimen type while viral loads were low or undetectable in other specimen types. Therefore, defining an individual as infectious based on assessment of a single-specimen type underestimates the infectious period, and overestimates the ability of that specimen type to detect infectious individuals. For diagnostic COVID-19 testing, these three single-specimen types have low clinical sensitivity, whereas a combined throat–nasal swab, and assays with high analytical sensitivity, was inferred to have significantly better clinical sensitivity to detect presumed pre-infectious and infectious individuals.
The Cumulative Effects of Colorism: Race, Wealth, and Skin Tone
Authors: Adames Alexander 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Researchers have long documented a persistent Black–White gap in wealth. These studies, however, often treat race as a discrete category, eluding its socially constructed nature. As a result, these studies assume that the “effect of race” is consistent across all individuals racialized as Black. Studies that make this assumption potentially obscure heterogeneity in the size of the Black–White wealth gap. Research on skin color stratification suggests that it is possible that the Black–White wealth gap varies by the extent to which a racial subgroup is deemed to fit the broader racial umbrella. In turn, I adopt a more complex operationalization of race that is based on both racial and skin tone appraisals. Drawing on data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997, I find that the Black–White wealth gap does vary by the Black skin tone subgroup. Generally, the Black–White gap in assets is smallest when focusing on lighter-skin Black people and largest when focusing on darker-skin Black people. These differences are not only the result of initial disadvantage but also cumulative disadvantage in the rate of wealth accumulation. Lastly, the findings suggest that the Black–White wealth gaps grow at a faster rate than the skin tone wealth gaps. I found that differences were robust to adjustments for parental socioeconomic status, childhood background, and interviewer characteristics. I conclude by discussing the theoretical implications for our understanding of the mechanisms undergirding Black–White disparities in wealth attainment.
Sleep restriction effects on sleep spindles in adolescents and relation of these effects to subsequent daytime sleepiness and cognition
Authors: Campbell Ian G , Zhang Zoey Y , Grimm Kevin J 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Study Objectives
Limiting spindle activity via sleep restriction could explain some of the negative cognitive effects of sleep loss in adolescents. The current study evaluates how sleep restriction affects sleep spindle number, incidence, amplitude, duration, and wave frequency and tests whether sleep restriction effects on spindles change across the years of adolescence. The study determines whether sleep restriction effects on daytime sleepiness, vigilance, and cognition are related to changes in sleep spindles.

Methods
In each year of this 3-year longitudinal study, 77 participants, ranging in age from 10 to 16 years, each completed three different time in bed (TIB) schedules: 7, 8.5, or 10 hours in bed for 4 consecutive nights. A computer algorithm detected and analyzed sleep spindles in night four central and frontal electroencephalogram. Objective and self-reported daytime sleepiness and cognition were evaluated on the day following the 4th night.

Results
For 7 versus 10 hours TIB average all-night frontal and central spindle counts were reduced by 35% and 32%, respectively. Reducing TIB also significantly decreased spindle incidence in the first 5 hours of non-rapid eye movement sleep, produced small but significant reductions in spindle amplitude, and had little to no effect on spindle duration and spindle wave frequency. Sleep restriction effects did not change with age. The reductions in spindle count and incidence were related to daytime sleepiness on the following day but were not related to working memory.

Conclusions
The sleep loss effects on daytime functioning in adolescents are partially mediated by reduced sleep spindles impacting daytime sleepiness.
A Novel Approach for Determining the Critical Quality Attributes of Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Specifying Cell Population With Replication Potential
Authors: Yamamoto Takako , Arita Mao , Tamura Takashi , Saito Miho , Katayama Hirohito , Kuroda Hirotaka , Suzuki Takashi , Kawamata Shin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe introduce a novel approach to determine the critical quality attributes (CQAs) of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) expected to exert immunosuppressive effects. MSCs retained homeostatic replication potentials, such as sustainable growth and consistent cell morphology as a population, in early passages, but lost them in late passages. Characteristic surface markers of MSCs (ie, CD73, CD90, and CD105) were no longer expressed at 2 weeks after subcutaneous transplantation into NOG mice when MSCs from late passages were transplanted, but not when MSCs from early passages were transplanted, suggesting that the biological effects of the MSCs differed according to the timing of cell harvesting and highlighting the importance of specifying MSCs that retained homeostatic features to define the CQAs. The homeostatic features of MSCs related to the balance of the redox system, nutrient requirements, and mitochondrial function were also observed until a certain passage. Therefore, we could define the CQAs of MSCs related to manufacturing by selecting process parameters (PPs) underlying the homeostatic features of MSCs and measuring these PPs quantitatively to specify the cell population with homeostatic features by limiting the passage number. The validity of the PPs stipulated in our pilot study was verified using an SKG murine arthritis model, and critical PPs (CPPs) were then selected among the PPs. Thus, CQAs related to manufacturing in the developmental phase could be defined by the CPPs in this manner, and the concept of CQAs could be refined continuously toward commercial manufacturing.