bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ionic Density Control of Conjugated Polyelectrolytes via Postpolymerization Modification to Enhance Hole‐Blocking Property for Highly Efficient PLEDs with Fast Response Times
Authors: Yan Hao , Cong Shengyu , Daboczi Matyas , Limbu Saurav , Hamilton Iain , Kwon Sooncheol , Rapley Charlotte L. , Tahir Syuhada Mohd , Kerherve Gwilherm , Payne David , Heeney Martin , Kim Ji‐Seon 
Published: July 2023

AbstractFor an ideal electron interlayer, both electron injection and hole‐blocking properties are important to achieve better polymer light‐emitting devices (PLEDs) performance. Conjugated polyelectrolytes (CPEs) are applied widely in PLEDs to enhance charge injection. Understanding the role of backbone structures and energetic matching between the CPEs and emitters can benefit charge injection and balance. Herein, a postpolymerization approach to introduce varying amounts of alkyl sulfonate groups onto the backbone of a copolymer of 5‐fluoro‐2,1,3‐benzothiadiazole and 9,9′‐dioctylfluorene is utilized. This study finds that device performance is dependent on the percentage of sulfonate groups incorporated, with the optimal copolymer (CPE‐50%) maintaining efficient ohmic electron injection and gaining enhanced hole‐blocking properties, thereby achieving the most balanced hole/electron current. Therefore, the PLED with CPE‐50% interlayer exhibits the highest efficiency (20.3 cd A−1, 20.2 lm W−1) and the fastest response time (4.3 µs), which is the highest efficiency among conventional thin (70 nm) F8BT PLEDs with CPEs. These results highlight the importance of balanced charge carrier density in CPEs and highlight that postpolymerization modification is a useful method for fine‐tuning ionic content.
Viologen Hydrothermal Synthesis and Structure–Property Relationships for Redox Flow Battery Optimization
Authors: Sullivan Patrick T. , Liu Honghao , Lv Xiu‐Liang , Jin Song , Li Wenjie , Feng Dawei 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAqueous organic redox flow batteries (AORFBs) are an emerging technology for fire safe grid energy storage systems with sustainable material feedstocks. Yet, designing organic redox molecules with the desired solubility, viscosity, permeability, formal potential, kinetics, and stability while remaining synthetically scalable is challenging. Herein, the adaptability is demonstrated of a single‐step, high‐yield hydrothermal reaction for nine viologen chloride salts. New empirical insights are gleaned into fundamental structure–property relationships for multiobjective optimization. A new asymmetric Dex‐DiOH‐Vi derivative showcases an enhanced solubility of 2.7 m with minimal tradeoff in membrane permeability. With a record viologen cycling volumetric capacity (67 Ah L−1 anolyte theoretical), Dex‐DiOH‐Vi exhibits 14‐d of stable cycling performance in anolyte‐limiting AORFB with no crossover or chemical degradation. This work highlights the importance of designing efficient synthetic approaches of organic redox species for molecular engineering high‐performance flow battery electrolytes.
Constructing biocatalytic nanochannel membranes for unidirectional isomer conversion and separation
Authors: Liu Mei‐Ling , Hong Lan , Zhu Yueming , Epsztein Razi , Shi Ting , Sun Yuanxia , Xu Zhijun , Sun Shi‐Peng , Xing Weihong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIsomer conversion and separation are crucial in the chemical, pharmaceutical, and food industries. However, this process remains challenging due to the reversed conversion of isomers and their similar boiling points and kinetic diameters. Herein, an enzyme‐catalyzed nanochannel membrane with a hierarchical structure is fabricated for selective and directional isomeric conversion and separation. The enzyme is embedded in a confined polymer network that shows high stability and retains 95% of its initial activity after 50 reaction cycles. Studying the transport mechanisms between isomers through the membrane shows that the hierarchical layers of the membrane impose unequal energy barriers to the forward and backward transport of products, promoting unidirectional diffusion of products and interrupting the equilibrium of the isomerization reaction to increase the conversion rate by 43%. Overall, this work opens a new avenue for the design of biocatalytic nanochannel membranes and the directional production and in situ separation of isomers.
Phosphorus flow in production of soy protein concentrate and isolate from defatted soybean flour
Authors: Singh Shuchi , Singh Vijay 
Published: July 2023

AbstractImplications of excess phosphorus (P) in waste streams obtained from soy‐based protein preparation processes on the environment and their potential utilization as P‐source are two significant understudied areas. Soybean‐based protein ingredients for food products retain comparatively enhanced functional properties and are cheaper than other plant‐based proteins. Soybean protein can be extracted and utilized as a food ingredient primarily by preparing soy protein concentrates (SPC) and soy protein isolates (SPI) from soybean meal/defatted soy flour (DSF). In a typical soybean processing facility, along with the soy products and soy‐protein preparations, the recovery of phosphorus as a coproduct will enhance the economic feasibility of the overall process as the recovered P can be used as fertilizer. In this study, the SPC and SPI were prepared from the DSF following widely used conventional protocols and P flow in these processes was tracked. In SPC production, ~59% of the total P was retained with SPC and ~34% was in the aqueous waste streams. For SPI process ~24% of total P was retained with SPI and ~59% went in the waste solid residue (~40%) and aqueous streams (~19%). About 80%–89% P removal from the waste aqueous streams was achieved by Ca‐phytate precipitation. This work demonstrated that in the process of SPC and SPI preparation the phosphorus from the waste aqueous streams can be precipitated out to avoid subsequent eutrophication and the waste solid residue with ~40% P can be reused as a P‐fertilizer as other applications of this residue are unspecified.
In‐situ leakage detection of single bag filter in baghouse based on the resistance change of conductive polymer fibers
Authors: He Weidong , Guo Yinghe , Shen Ruiqing , Dai Feng , Zhou Xiaotong , Liu Jingxian 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBaghouse is effective for controlling the particles emitted from industrial production, and the in‐situ leakage detection of a single bag filter is essential for maintaining the high filtration performance of the whole baghouse. In the present study, the changes of PM emission concentration induced by the leakage of the bag filter materials was studied. The results showed that the concentration of particles in the size range of 20–1000 nm significantly increased when the bag filter sample had three holes with a diameter of ~500 μm. In order to prevent the loss induced by the leakage of bag filter, a resistance sensing method was developed to detect the early leakage of single bag filter. The effectiveness of proposed sensing method was verified by detecting the leakage of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) bag filter. A sensing grid made of PMMA conductive threads was embedded in the PMMA bag filter, and the resistance change (ΔR) induced by the broken of sensing grid was used as sensing signal. The ΔR of sensing grid was 3.24, 3.31, and 3.05 Ω, respectively, when the bag filter failed due to the mechanical stress, chemical corrosion, and thermal erosion. Moreover, a model was proposed to predict the numbers of broken conductive PMMA threads that could indicate the damage area of the failed bag filter.
Pervaporative poly(vinyl alcohol)/H‐β zeolite mixed matrix membranes for dewatering C2–C3 alcohols
Authors: Wang Ji‐Ting , Huang Zhen , Zhu Ya‐Tong , Wang Si‐Ning 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn present work, mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and porous H‐β zeolite have been thoroughly studied for concentrating ethanol, n‐propanol and isopropanol aqueous solutions via dewatering pervaporation. The effects of the zeolite content, feed composition and temperature on pervaporation flux/separation factor and permeance/selectivity are examined in detail for three alcohols. Experimental results show the H‐β zeolite addition has achieved more pronounced permeation flux and better separation efficiency than pure PVA counterpart, mainly attributed to the zeolitic pore size and hydrophilic feature. The MMMs have led to satisfactory permeation flux and separation factor and these results may be analyzed from the perspectives of the driving force, Hansen solubility parameter parameters and Flory–Huggins interaction parameter. The separation factor generally follows the sequence of isopropanol > n‐propanol > ethanol according to the reverse order of their molecular sizes and polarities. The MMM of 20 wt% zeolite loading has performed stably over 144 h at 60°C, and achieved separation factors of 1204, 1391, and 1645 and total fluxes of 719, 702, and 684 g/m2 h from the 10 wt% water feed for isopropanol, n‐propanol and ethanol, respectively. Therefore, the PVA/H‐β zeolite MMMs are technologically promising for alcohol dehydration applications.
Synthesis and characterization of a novel functionalized silica/polyacrylamide composite for advanced water‐based drilling design
Authors: Koh Jin Kwei , Lai Chin Wei , Johan Mohd Rafie , Gan Sin Seng , Chua Wei Wei 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPolyacrylamide (PAM) has become a potential additive in drilling, but it has limitations in terms of viscosity, fluid loss, and bored pile stability concerns. Previous rheological studies have reported silica (SiO2) usage in PAM modification. However, there is insufficient rheological information such as plastic viscosity, apparent viscosity, yield point, and gel strength. Herein, this research investigates the effects of SiO2 in PAM with comprehensive rheological data. The morphological properties of SiO2 were analyzed. Compared with bare PAM, modified PAM demonstrated distinct chemical structures, but both were hydrophilic fluids. Moreover, an undulated trend was observed in the rheological results of all modified PAM for all concentrations of SiO2 and all the selected temperatures. However, all modified PAM showed better rheological performance than bare PAM. Consequently, 0.5 wt% SiO2 is a promising formulation for PAM modification, which can even be simulated in the performance of the bored pile drilling. For thermal stability, the rheological performance of bare PAM and modified PAM performed better at 60 and 40°C, respectively.
An atypical presentation of hypothyroidism with extremely exaggerated functional impairment
Authors: Arezoumand Alireza , Nazari Sahar , Jazi Kimia , Bagherzade Mohammad , Riahi Mohammad Mehdi , AkbariMehr Melika , Kanganee Narges , Masoumi Maryam 
Published: July 2023

Key Clinical MessageMyopathy‐related symptoms are rare manifestations of hypothyroidism. Clinicians should consider hypothyroid myopathy as one of the possible diagnoses for patients with proximal weaknesses.AbstractMyopathy‐related symptoms are rare manifestations of hypothyroidism. Clinicians should consider hypothyroid myopathy as one of the possible diagnoses for patients with proximal weaknesses. We report a 34‐year‐old woman, presenting with a new atypical musculoskeletal manifestation of hypothyroidism mimicking polymyositis.
Phenology and foraging bias contribute to sex‐specific foraging patterns in the rare declining butterfly Argynnis idalia idalia
Authors: Chmielewski Matthew W. , Naya Skyler , Borghi Monica , Cortese Jen , Fernie Alisdair R. , Swartz Mark T. , Zografou Konstantina , Sewall Brent J. , Spigler Rachel B. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractVariation in pollinator foraging behavior can influence pollination effectiveness, community diversity, and plant–pollinator network structure. Although effects of interspecific variation have been widely documented, studies of intraspecific variation in pollinator foraging are relatively rare. Sex‐specific differences in resource use are a strong potential source of intraspecific variation, especially in species where the phenology of males and females differ. Differences may arise from encountering different flowering communities, sex‐specific traits, nutritional requirements, or a combination of these factors. We evaluated sex‐specific foraging patterns in the eastern regal fritillary butterfly (Argynnis idalia idalia), leveraging a 21‐year floral visitation dataset. Because A. i. idalia is protandrous, we determined whether foraging differences were due to divergent phenology by comparing visitation patterns between the entire season with restricted periods of male–female overlap. We quantified nectar carbohydrate and amino acid contents of the most visited plant species and compared those visited more frequently by males versus females. We demonstrate significant differences in visitation patterns between male and female A. i. idalia over two decades. Females visit a greater diversity of species, while dissimilarity in foraging patterns between sexes is persistent and comparable to differences between species. While differences are diminished or absent in some years during periods of male–female overlap, remaining signatures of foraging dissimilarity during implicate mechanisms other than phenology. Nectar of plants visited more by females had greater concentrations of total carbohydrates, glucose, and fructose and individual amino acids than male‐associated plants. Further work can test whether nutritional differences are a cause of visitation patterns or consequence, reflecting seasonal shifts in the nutritional landscape encountered by male and female A. i. idalia. We highlight the importance of considering sex‐specific foraging patterns when studying interaction networks, and in making conservation management decisions for this at‐risk butterfly and other species exhibiting strong intraspecific variation.
Mechanical properties and durability of fiber reinforced geopolymer composites: A review on recent progress
Authors: Qin Lingling , Yan Jiahao , Zhou Mengya , Liu Huai , Wang Aiguo , Zhang Wei , Duan Ping , Zhang Zuhua 
Published: July 2023

AbstractGeopolymer concrete has similar mechanical properties to ordinary Portland cement (OPC) concrete, and even better properties in high temperature, high corrosion environment. However, geopolymer still has the disadvantages of large shrinkage and high brittleness, which greatly limit its application. Fiber reinforcement is widely used in various geopolymer systems to overcome the brittleness issue, but still retains the high strength. Over the past 10 years, great progress has been made in the research of fiber reinforced geopolymers in the aspect of toughening efficiency and durability improvement. Many studies have been conducted on fiber reinforced geopolymers, but there are still few systematic summaries on the addition of inorganic fibers and organic fibers to geopolymers. What is more there are many novel studies such as the application of geopolymers to 3D printing and the new concept of fiber factor have not been reviewed. In this paper, inorganic fibers, natural fibers and synthetic fibers in geopolymers are briefly reviewed, and their specific effects on geopolymers' compressive, flexural, tensile strength, fracture toughness, shear strength and durability such as shrinkage, chemical resistance, freeze–thaw resistance are reviewed. The current understanding of bonding mechanism and fiber‐geopolymer interface are also discussed, and related knowledge gaps and future work challenges are correspondingly pointed out.
Validation of a 3D‐Printed Percutaneous Injection Laryngoplasty Simulator: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Kostas Julianna C. , Lee Andrew S. , Arunkumar Amit , Han Catherine , Lee Mark , Goel Alexander N. , Alrassi James , Crosby Tyler , Clark Christine M. , Amin Milan , Abu‐Ghanem Sara , Kirke Diana , Rameau Anaïs 
Published: July 2023

ObjectiveSimulation may be a valuable tool in training laryngology office procedures on unsedated patients. However, no studies have examined whether existing awake procedure simulators improve trainee performance in laryngology. Our objective was to evaluate the transfer validity of a previously published 3D‐printed laryngeal simulator in improving percutaneous injection laryngoplasty (PIL) competency compared with conventional educational materials with a single‐blinded randomized controlled trial.MethodsOtolaryngology residents with fewer than 10 PIL procedures in their case logs were recruited. A pretraining survey was administered to participants to evaluate baseline procedure‐specific knowledge and confidence. The participants underwent block randomization by postgraduate year to receive conventional educational materials either with or without additional training with a 3D‐printed laryngeal simulator. Participants performed PIL on an anatomically distinct laryngeal model via trans‐thyrohyoid and trans‐cricothyroid approaches. Endoscopic and external performance recordings were de‐identified and evaluated by two blinded laryngologists using an objective structured assessment of technical skill scale and PIL‐specific checklist.ResultsTwenty residents completed testing. Baseline characteristics demonstrate no significant differences in confidence level or PIL experience between groups. Senior residents receiving simulator training had significantly better respect for tissue during the trans‐thyrohyoid approach compared with control (p < 0.0005). There were no significant differences in performance for junior residents.ConclusionsIn this first transfer validity study of a simulator for office awake procedure in laryngology, we found that a previously described low‐cost, high‐fidelity 3D‐printed PIL simulator improved performance of PIL amongst senior otolaryngology residents, suggesting this accessible model may be a valuable educational adjunct for advanced trainees to practice PIL.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 134:318–323, 2024
Disruption Index in Otolaryngology: Uncovering a Bibliometric History of a Rapidly Evolving Field
Authors: Sheth Amar H. , Hengartner Astrid , Abdou Hisham , Salehi Parsa P. , Becerra Adan Z. , Lerner Michael Z. 
Published: July 2023

ObjectivesAs the volume of research publications in the field of otolaryngology has increased, so has the need to qualify articles through bibliometric analyses to identify the most important and impactful work in the field. Herein, we aim to identify the 100 most disruptive articles in ENT over a 60‐year period and examine how disruption index (DI) compares with other bibliometrics in identifying impactful works in the field.MethodsIn this cross‐sectional bibliometric analysis, articles published between 1954 and 2014 in commonly referenced otolaryngology‐head and neck surgery (OHNS) journals were queried in PubMed. Publications were characterized by DI, journal, subspecialty discipline, and status as an impactful article in the field as determined by other bibliometrics such as citation count, the “Sleeping Beauty Index,” and those derived by the modified Delphi process.ResultsOf the 122,094 articles queried, 67,561 (55.3%) had available citation count as well as disruption score data, meeting inclusion criteria. The most represented subspecialty disciplines within the top 100 most disruptive articles were Otology/Neurotology (28%), General (Comprehensive) (27%), Head and Neck Surgery (12%), and Laryngology (11%). Fifty percent of articles identified as Sleeping Beauties and impactful via modified Delphi approach had scores in the top 86th percentile.ConclusionDI in otolaryngology can be appreciated as an added dimension to existing indices and can unearth seminal research, which serve as early foundations of evidence‐based management in the field of OHNS today.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 134:629–636, 2024
Management of odontogenic foci of infection (dental caries, periodontal disease and odontogenic infections) in the oral functional management of patients receiving cancer treatments: Guidelines based on a systematic review
Authors: Kurita Hiroshi , Umeda Masahiro , Ueno Takaaki , Uzawa Narikazu , Shibuya Yasuyuki , Nakamura Norifumi , Nagatsuka Hitoshi , Hayashi Takafumi , Mizoguch Itaru , Tomihara Kei , Ikegami Yumiko , Noguchi Kazuma , Takiguchi Yuichi , Yamamoto Nobuyuki , Sakai Hironori 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn cancer treatment, perioperative oral functional management is used as a part of supportive care. Its main objectives are as follows: (1) preventing and reducing adverse events, (2) maintaining or improving nutritional status, (3) improving cancer treatment outcomes, (4) maintaining or improving quality of life, (5) providing high quality medical care through comprehensive oral care, (6) controlling odontogenic foci of infection, and (7) maintaining or improving oral function. A literature search was conducted using the electronic databases of Medical Journal and PubMed. Electronic database searches were performed using various combinations of the following key words: cancer, surgery, treatment, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and dental disease, oral care, oral management, dental intervention, oral health, dental care, and dental management. The selection of literature for inclusion in the review was restricted to dental management of patients receiving cancer treatment. In the course of the literature review, hand searches were also added as needed. The guideline was developed by summarizing the results of the review. Based on a review of the literature on the management of dental foci of infection in the oral functional management of patients undergoing cancer treatment, a guideline was developed by summarizing the results of the review. This report is a secondary publication of our previous review report “J. Stomatol. Soc. 70(4): 279–289. Dec 2021.”
Portable manipulation system for commercial robotic surgery forceps
Authors: Yazıcı Mustafa V. , Koçak Mertcan , Oztan Mustafa O. , Gezgin Erkin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundTransition from the utilisation of traditional instruments to new robotic methodologies in surgical operations occurs rapidly. Although the implementation of these methodologies to classical surgery operations is advantageous due to increased precisions and enhanced motion capabilities of robotic systems, overall worldwide accessibility and adaptation are still limited due to high equipment costs and special infrastructure requirements.MethodologyThe design of four degrees of freedom low cost, compact and portable manipulation system was proposed to allow the utilisation of commercial robotic surgery forceps like a conventional laparoscopy instrument without the necessity of bulky manipulation systems.ResultsThe structural design of the system was carried out along with necessary kinematic and coupled motion analysis. Prototypes were constructed. Hardware verification of the system was executed using implemented control methodology.ConclusionsThe proposed design successfully demonstrated the advantages of multi degree of freedom robotic surgery forceps in a portable handheld system compared to classical laparoscopy instruments.