bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Safety and Sustainability: Optimizing Outcomes and Changing Paradigms in Global Health Endeavors
Authors: Malapati Sri Harshini , Ramly Elie P. , Riesel Johanna , Pusic Andrea L. , Lee Gordon K. , Magee William P. , Nthumba Peter M. 
Published: September 2023

Background:
The need to address inequities in global surgical care has garnered increased attention since 2015, after the Lancet Commission on Global Surgery underscored the importance of ensuring safe, accessible, affordable, and timely surgical and anesthetic care. The vast unmet global plastic surgery needs make plastic surgery care essential in reducing the global burden of disease. In the past, many nonprofit organizations undertook humanitarian activities within low- and middle-income countries that were primarily service-provision oriented. The Lancet Commission on Global Surgery report prompted a shift in focus from direct patient care models to sustainable global surgical models. The realization that 33% of deaths worldwide were due to unmet surgical needs led to a global shift of strategy toward the development of local systems, surgical capacity, and a focus on patient safety and quality of care within international global surgery partnerships.

Methods:
In this report, the authors explore some of the primary components of sustainable international global surgical partnerships discussed in a recent panel at the American Society of Plastic Surgeons Plastic Surgery The Meeting 2022, titled “Safety and Sustainability Overseas: Optimizing Outcomes and Changing Paradigms in Global Health Endeavors.” A literature review elaborating the topics discussed was performed.

Results:
This report focuses on cultural competence and humility, international collaboration, and the use of technology and innovation, all of which are needed to promote sustainability and patient safety, within global surgery efforts.

Conclusions:
The adoption of these components into international surgical collaborations will lead to greatly enhancing the development and sustainability of mutually beneficial relationships.
Increased blood pressure after nonsevere COVID-19
Authors: Schmidt-Lauber Christian , Alba Schmidt Elisa , Hänzelmann Sonja , Petersen Elina L. , Behrendt Christian-Alexander , Twerenbold Raphael , Blankenberg Stefan , Huber Tobias B. , Wenzel Ulrich O. 
Published: September 2023

Background:
Various sequelae have been described after nonsevere coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), but knowledge on postacute effects on blood pressure is limited.

Methods:
This is a cross-sectional analysis of blood pressure profiles in individuals after nonsevere COVID-19 compared with matched population-based individuals without prior COVID-19. Data were derived from the ongoing and prospective Hamburg City Health Study, a population-based study in Hamburg, Germany, and its associated COVID-19 program, which included individuals at least 4 months after COVID-19. Matching was performed by age, sex, education, and preexisting hypertension in a 1 : 4 ratio.

Results:
Four hundred and thirty-two individuals after COVID-19 (mean age 56.1 years) were matched to 1728 controls without prior COVID-19 (56.2 years). About 92.8% of COVID-19 courses were mild or moderate, only 7.2% were hospitalized, and no individual had been treated on an intensive care unit. Even after adjustment for relevant competing risk factors, DBP [+4.7 mmHg, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 3.97–5.7, P < 0.001] was significantly higher in individuals after COVID-19. For SBP, a trend towards increased values was observed (+1.4 mmHg, 95% CI -0.4 to 3.2, P = 0.120). Hypertensive blood pressures at least 130/80 mmHg (according to the ACC/AHA guideline) and at least 140/90 mmHg (ESC/ESH guideline) occurred significantly more often in individuals after COVID-19 than matched controls (odds ratio 2.0, 95% CI 1.5–2.7, P < 0.001 and odds ratio 1.6, 95% CI 1.3–2.0, P < 0.001, respectively), mainly driven by changes in DBP.

Conclusion:
Blood pressure is higher in individuals after nonsevere COVID-19 compared with uninfected individuals suggesting a significant hypertensive sequela.
The effectiveness of microcurrent neurofeedback on depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, and quality of life
Authors: Duke Gloria , Yotter Courtney N. , Sharifian Beverly , Duke Gary , Petersen Sandra 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
The world faces a mental health crisis with elevated rates of depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress, leaving a profound impact on daily quality of life (QOL). Current treatments show varying degrees of efficacy and carry burdensome challenges. Evidence exists for use of an innovative neurotechnology to reduce symptoms of depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), but the science is lacking for use in the general population.

Purposes:
The purpose of this pilot study was to explore the effects of microcurrent neurofeedback on depression, anxiety, PTSD symptoms, and QOL in adults.

Methodology:
This was a one-group, exploratory pilot study that tested outcomes of depression, anxiety, PTSD risk, suicide risk, and QOL in 20 adults using convenience sampling. IASIS microcurrent neurofeedback (I-MCN) was the intervention that was delivered twice a week for 10 weeks; data collection was baseline, 5 weeks, and 10 weeks.

Results:
Depression, anxiety, PTSD risk, and QOL improved significantly by the 10th and 20th session; suicidal risk showed nonsignificant reduction. Use of a more feasible interventional procedure established a foundation for use in clinical settings for the population.

Conclusions:
Using a more simpler procedure than what was used in a previous study reflected positive outcomes earlier and sustained over 10 weeks. This safe and effective technology carries rare but easily overcome adverse effects and could be an alternative to existing treatments or treatment-resistant conditions.

Implications:
Advanced practice nurses can apply the evidence to reduce symptoms of depression, anxiety, and PTSD. Randomized controlled trials and testing on diverse populations are needed.
Idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome presenting as capsular warning syndrome: A case report and literature review
Authors: Lai Ze-Hua , Ding Kai-Qi , Tu Xuan-Qiang , Song Yuan-Yue , Zeng Li-Li 
Published: September 2023

Rationale:
Few reports of idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome exist presenting as ischemic cerebrovascular disease, and the majority are watershed infarction. We report the first case of idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome that has clinical features of capsular warning syndrome lasting 6 weeks.

Patient concerns:
A 26-year-old man complained of recurrent right limb weakness, accompanying slurred speech, and right facial paresthesia.

Diagnoses:
The patient was diagnosed with idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome (IHES).

Interventions:
Adequate glucocorticoid and anticoagulant treatments were given.

Outcomes:
The patient’s motor ability improved, and he was discharged 2 weeks later. Muscle strength in the right-side extremities had fully recovered at a 3-month follow-up after discharge.

Lessons:
This case suggests that idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome should be considered as a cause of capsular warning syndrome, and the dose of glucocorticoid and the efficacy evaluation index needs to be reevaluated for the treatment of ischemic cerebrovascular disease associated with idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome.
A randomized controlled trial involving college student: Comparing 0.15% hyaluronic acid with 0.05% cyclosporine A and 3% diquafosol sodium in the Treatment of Dry Eye
Authors: Xu Wenhao , Zhao Xinrui , Jin Haiyan , Jin Hua , Jia Fali , Jiang Lilan , Li Zhengri 
Published: September 2023

Background:
To compare the efficacy of 0.15% hyaluronic acid (HA), 0.05% cyclosporine A (CsA) and 3% diquafosol sodium (DQS) ophthalmic solution for the treatment of moderate-to-severe dry eye disease (DED) in college students and the effect on inflammatory factors in tears.

Methods:
This was a prospective, randomized, multicenter trial. A total of 282 college students diagnosed with moderate-to-severe DED between October 2, 2022 and March 1, 2023 were included. A total of 282 patients were randomized to treatment in the group of 0.15% HA or 0.05% CsA or 3% DQS in a 1:1:1 assignment. There was a main end point which is the variations in the corneal staining score to determine non-inferiority of 0.15% HA. Secondary target end points were ocular surface disease index score, Schirmer test, tear meniscus height and tear film breakup time. In addition, the inflammatory factor levels of Interleukin-1β, Interleukin-6, transforming growth factor-β1 in tears were measured. Effectiveness was assessed at baseline, 4- and 12-weeks.

Results:
In our analysis, the average change from baseline in corneal staining score confirmed non-inferiority of 0.15% HA to 0.05% CsA and 3% DQS and manifested obvious improvement of all groups as well (P < .05). Values for ocular surface disease index score, Schirmer test, tear meniscus height and tear film breakup time showed obvious improvements in all groups (P < .05), however, the difference intergroup was not statistically significant. Value for inflammatory factor was significant improvement across all groups, although inflammatory factor scores in the 0.05% CsA group showed a clear trend of better improvement at 12 weeks compared with 0.15% HA groups (P < .01). No serious adverse reactions were observed.

Conclusions:
College students taking 0.15% HA had clinically and statistically significant improvement in corneal staining score and other indicators, but it was inferior to 0.05% CsA in anti-inflammatory therapy for moderate to severe DED. However, 0.15% HA is still an effective, safe and well-tolerated treatment option that may offer additional benefits in terms of convenience and compliance.
Efficacy and safety of Zhenyuan capsule in the treatment of chronic heart failure: A meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis
Authors: Zhang Zengyu , Liu Jianhe 
Published: September 2023

Background:
Chronic heart failure (CHF) is a common and difficult-to-treat disease in clinical practice. The efficacy and safety of Zhenyuan capsule (ZYC) in the treatment of CHF were evaluated by meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis (TSA) of published relevant data.

Methods:
Searched 8 databases for clinical literature on ZYC in the treatment of CHF, up to December 2022. Then the meta-analysis and TSA were performed on the studies that met the inclusion criteria.

Results:
Meta-analysis showed that compared with conventional treatment, combined use of ZYC could significantly increase the clinical effective rate (risk ratio 1.20, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.14~1.26, P < .00001) by 20%, left ventricular ejection fraction (MD 8.85, 95%CI 4.57~13.12, P < .0001) by 8.85%, and 6-minutes walking distance (MD 47.91, 95%CI 18.66~77.17, P = .001) by 47.91 m, and significantly reduce brain natriuretic peptide (MD −247.86, 95%CI −330.62~−165.09, P < .00001) by 247.86 pg/mL. TSA showed that the benefits suggested by the original results were conclusive. In terms of safety, the total adverse events in the combined group of ZYC were comparable to those in the conventional group, and TSA demonstrated that this result needed more research and demonstration.

Conclusion:
ZYC can effectively improve the clinical efficacy of treating CHF, significantly increase left ventricular ejection fraction and 6-minute walk distance, and remarkably reduce brain natriuretic peptide. ZYC, with definite efficacy and safety, has the value of clinical application and in-depth research.
Acute effects of muscle vibration on elbow joint position sense in healthy young men: A randomized trial
Authors: Alghadir Ahmad H. , Zafar Hamayun , Khan Masood 
Published: September 2023

Background:
The study aimed to investigate and compare the acute effects of 2 local vibration frequencies (63 Hz vs 42 Hz frequencies) applied to the biceps brachii muscles on the elbow joint position sense (JPS) in healthy young men.

Methods:
A 3-arm parallel-group design with randomization of participants was used. Forty-five healthy young men aged 19 to 30 years were randomly assigned to 3 groups: to receive 63 Hz (n = 15) in experimental group 1 (EG1) or 42 Hz (n = 15) in experimental group 2 (EG2) or sham vibration in the control group (n = 15). Participants in the EG1 and EG2 received 5 bouts of 1-minute vibration exposure to the biceps brachii muscle, with a 1-minute rest between the bouts. In control group, sham vibration was applied with the same duration and interval as in EG1 and EG2. The active elbow joint position error was selected as an outcome measure to assess elbow JPS. The target angle and the angle reproduced were measured using a Universal Goniometer. The difference between the target and the reproduced angles was calculated to determine active elbow joint position error. Measurements were made before the vibration application and right after it.

Results:
No statistically significant difference was observed in the JPS of the elbow joint over time in any group (P = .625). No statistically significant differences were observed between the 33 groups in the JPS of the elbow (P = .075).

Conclusion:
There was no acute effect of vibration of the biceps brachii muscle at 63 and 42 Hz on active elbow JPS in healthy adults.
Hu-Zhang Qing-Mai Formulation anti-oxidative stress alleviates diabetic retinopathy: Network pharmacology analysis and in vitro experiment
Authors: Wu Xiaoyu , Mu Lin , Dong Zhiguo , Wu Jiajun , Zhang Shuyan , Su Jing , Zhang Yinjian 
Published: September 2023

Background:
In this study, the potential mechanism of the Hu-Zhang Qing-Mai Formulation (HZQMF) on diabetic retinopathy (DR) in inhibiting oxidative stress was explored through network pharmacology analysis and in vitro experiments.

Methods:
The Traditional Chinese Medicine Systematic Pharmacology Analysis Platform was used to retrieve the active pharmaceutical ingredients and targets of HZQMF. DR-related genes and oxidative stress-related genes were obtained from PharmGKB, TTD, OMIM, GeneCards, and Drugbank. STRING was used to construct a protein–protein interaction network to screen core targets. Gene ontology and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes enrichment analyses were performed using R 4.0.3. Network topology analysis was carried out using Cytoscape 3.8.2. Finally, we looked into how well the main API protected human retinal pigment epithelial cells from damage brought on by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).

Results:
Quercetin (Que) was identified as the primary API of HZQMF through network pharmacology analysis, while JUN, MAPK1, and STAT3 were identified as the primary hub genes. Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes enrichment analysis showed that the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway may be crucial to the therapeutic process. In vitro experiments confirmed that Que increased cell vitality and inhibited apoptosis.

Conclusion:
Que might significantly reduce H2O2-induced ARPE-19 cell injury by inhibiting apoptosis-related genes of the AGE-RAGE pathway (JUN, MAPK1, STAT3). This study lays the foundation for further research on HZQMF in treating DR.
Analysis of the detection rate and related factors of fatty liver disease in physical examination of healthy population in Chengdu district
Authors: Han Qian , Guo Jiaojiao , Gong Ling , Liu Changqing , Zhang Fan 
Published: September 2023

Background:
In the present study, we analyzed the detection rate and related influencing factors of fatty liver in the health examination population in Chengdu area.

Methods:
The case-control study was performed to compare the gender, age (years), body mass index (BMI), smoking, drinking, abnormal lipid metabolism, hypertension, hyperglycemia, hyperuricemia Is there any statistically significant difference in the detection rate of diseases such as metabolic syndrome, and logistic regression analysis is conducted to analyze the comprehensive impact of each influencing factor on the prevention of fatty liver disease.

Results:
Among 14,426 survey subjects, a total of 6717 patients with fatty liver were detected, with a detection rate of 47.22%. There are significant differences in the incidence of fatty liver disease among different gender groups, with the incidence rate in males being significantly higher than that in females (P < .05); The incidence of fatty liver in elderly subjects was significantly higher than that in middle-aged and young subjects (P < .05); The prevalence rate of individuals with a BMI > 24 was significantly higher than that of individuals with a BMI < 24 (P < .05). The prevalence of fatty liver in the population with abnormal lipid metabolism, hypertension, hyperglycemia, hyperuricemia, metabolic syndrome and other diseases was significantly higher (P < .05); After stratified analysis by gender and age, the incidence of fatty liver in males was significantly higher than that in females in the 3 age groups < 60 years old (P < .05); In the age group ≥ 60 years old, the difference in the incidence of fatty liver disease between males and females was significantly reduced, and the difference was not statistically significant (P > .05).

Conclusion:
The health screening of patients with fatty liver should be carried out regularly, and attention should be paid to the intervention and prevention of overweight people and people with basal metabolism diseases such as hyperglycemia and hypertension, so as to reduce the incidence of fatty liver.
Free flap reconstruction of scalp in a case of advanced lung cancer with brain metastasis: A case report
Authors: Lee Dong Yun , Lim SooA , Eo SuRak , Yoon Jung Soo 
Published: September 2023

Rationale:
Reconstruction of wound complications in patients with advanced cancer with distant metastases is challenging for plastic surgeons. This may be due to the cancer patients’ hypercoagulability and potential intolerance to general anesthesia. This article aimed to discuss the risk of free-flap reconstruction in such cases.

Patient concerns:
The patient was a 58-year-old female with advanced non-small cell lung cancer and brain metastasis. The patient underwent brain radiotherapy and chemotherapy through the Ommaya Reservoir.

Diagnoses:
A year ago, she underwent several local flap closures for recurrent wound healing failure due to wound complications, including infection, wound dehiscence, and subsequent device removal.

Interventions:
A radial forearm free flap was created under general anesthesia. The patient was discharged in the third postoperative week since the flap remained stable.

Outcomes:
At follow-up a month thereafter, the patient exhibited signs of recovery without any complications even while continuing her chemotherapeutic regimen.

Lessons:
Free flap placement is not an absolute contraindication in cancer patients with distant metastases. Nevertheless, it is associated with clinical challenges and operator hesitancy. This is a case of a successful free flap in a cancer patient with hypercoagulability and suspected floating tumor cells. Postoperative management, in this case, is appropriate.
Artificial Intelligence to Assess Tracheal Tubes and Central Venous Catheters in Chest Radiographs Using an Algorithmic Approach With Adjustable Positioning Definitions
Authors: Rueckel Johannes , Huemmer Christian , Shahidi Casra , Buizza Giulia , Hoppe Boj Friedrich , Liebig Thomas , Ricke Jens , Rudolph Jan , Sabel Bastian Oliver 
Published: September 2023

Purpose
To develop and validate an artificial intelligence algorithm for the positioning assessment of tracheal tubes (TTs) and central venous catheters (CVCs) in supine chest radiographs (SCXRs) by using an algorithm approach allowing for adjustable definitions of intended device positioning.

Materials and Methods
Positioning quality of CVCs and TTs is evaluated by spatially correlating the respective tip positions with anatomical structures. For CVC analysis, a configurable region of interest is defined to approximate the expected region of well-positioned CVC tips from segmentations of anatomical landmarks. The CVC/TT information is estimated by introducing a new multitask neural network architecture for jointly performing type/existence classification, course segmentation, and tip detection. Validation data consisted of 589 SCXRs that have been radiologically annotated for inserted TTs/CVCs, including an experts' categorical positioning assessment (reading 1). In-image positions of algorithm-detected TT/CVC tips could be corrected using a validation software tool (reading 2) that finally allowed for localization accuracy quantification. Algorithmic detection of images with misplaced devices (reading 1 as reference standard) was quantified by receiver operating characteristics.

Results
Supine chest radiographs were correctly classified according to inserted TTs/CVCs in 100%/98% of the cases, thereby with high accuracy in also spatially localizing the medical device tips: corrections less than 3 mm in >86% (TTs) and 77% (CVCs) of the cases. Chest radiographs with malpositioned devices were detected with area under the curves of >0.98 (TTs), >0.96 (CVCs with accidental vessel turnover), and >0.93 (also suboptimal CVC insertion length considered). The receiver operating characteristics limitations regarding CVC assessment were mainly caused by limitations of the applied CXR position definitions (region of interest derived from anatomical landmarks), not by algorithmic spatial detection inaccuracies.

Conclusions
The TT and CVC tips were accurately localized in SCXRs by the presented algorithms, but triaging applications for CVC positioning assessment still suffer from the vague definition of optimal CXR positioning. Our algorithm, however, allows for an adjustment of these criteria, theoretically enabling them to meet user-specific or patient subgroups requirements. Besides CVC tip analysis, future work should also include specific course analysis for accidental vessel turnover detection.
Right Adrenocortical Carcinoma Coexisting With Left Adrenal Sarcomatoid Carcinoma on FDG PET/CT
Authors: Chen Haotian , Dai Jiaona , Gao Fabao , Tian Rong 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Bilateral adrenal glands synchronously involved by different types of pathologies are uncommon. An 80-year-old man underwent FDG PET/CT to evaluate bilateral adrenal masses, which were initially discovered by ultrasonography and confirmed by MRI. The images demonstrated elevated FDG activity in both lesions, which were subsequently diagnosed as concurrent right adrenocortical carcinoma and left adrenal sarcomatoid carcinoma respectively by histopathological examination.
Primary Angiosarcoma of Lumbar Pedicle and Transverse Process Revealed by FDG PET/CT
Authors: Yang Pei , Xiao Liu , Li Lin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The primary angiosarcoma of bone is rare. It typically occurs in tubular bones, pelvis, and trunk. However, its occurrence in the lumbar pedicle, and transverse process is infrequent. Thus, we present the imaging findings of FDG PET/CT in a rare case of primary angiosarcoma of lumbar pedicle and transverse process. It presented as solitary osteolytic bone destruction in the right pedicle and transverse process of L4 with intense FDG uptake. This case added knowledge of another rare occurrence site of primary angiosarcoma of bone, which should be considered as a differential diagnosis when we meet similar image appearance on FDG PET/CT.
A Case of Primary Esophageal Sarcomatoid Carcinoma Detected by 18F-FDG PET/CT
Authors: Chen Tao , Li Wenfei , Fan Jianzhong 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Primary sarcomatoid carcinoma of the esophagus is a rare and highly malignant neoplasm with a poor prognosis. A 51-year-old man presented with difficulty in swallowing for 2 weeks. Thoracic CT revealed a huge mass in the middle-lower thoracic esophagus. 18F-FDG PET/CT showed intense 18F-FDG uptake of the esophageal tumor. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry of the esophageal lesion tissue confirmed the diagnosis of sarcomatoid carcinoma after postoperative pathological biopsy.