bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influences of Partial Destruction of Ti‐MOFs on Photo(electro)catalytic H2 Evolution by Dominating Role of Charge Carrier Trapping over Surface Area
Authors: Hossain Aslam , Meera M. S. , Mukhanova E. A. , Soldatov A. V. , Henaish A. M. A. , Ahmed Jahangeer , Mao Yuanbing , Shibli S. M. A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe design of water‐stable photo and electrocatalysts of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) for its promising catalytic applications at long‐term irradiations or persisted current loads is extremely necessary but still remains as challenging. A limited number of reports on Ti‐MOF‐based catalysts for water splitting are only available to explain and understand the correlation between the nature of materials and MOFs array. Herein, spherical Ti‐MOFs and corresponding partially annealed hollow core–shell Ti‐MOFs (Ti‐MOF/D) are designed and the correlation with their photo(electro)catalytic water splitting performance is evaluated. The switchable valence state of Ti for the Ti‐MOF as a function of molecular bonding is the possible reason behind the observed photocatalytic hydrogen generation and light‐harvesting ability of the system. Besides, the defect state, solid core–shell mesoporous structure, and active sites of Ti‐MOF help to trap the charge carriers and the reduction of the recombination process. This phenomenon is absent for hollow core–shells Ti‐MOF/D spheres due to the rigid TiO2 outer surface although there is a contradiction in surface area with Ti‐MOF. Considering the diversity of Ti‐MOF and Ti‐MOF/D, further novel research can be designed using this way to manipulate their properties as per the requirements.
Magnetic photonic crystals for biomedical applications
Authors: Chen Hanxu , Li Ning , Gu Zhuxiao , Gu Hongcheng , Wang Jinglin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMagnetic photonic crystals (PhCs), as a representative responsive structural color material, have attracted increasing research focus due to merits such as brilliant refraction colors, instant responsiveness, and excellent manipuility, thus having been widely applied for color displaying, three‐dimensional printing, sensing, and so on. Featured with traits such as contactless manner, flexible orientations, and adjustable intensity of external magnetism, magnetic PhCs have shown great superiority especially in the field of biomedical applications such as bioimaging and auxiliary clinical diagnosis. In this review, we summarize the current advancements of magnetic PhCs. We first introduce the fundamental principles and typical characteristics of PhCs. Afterward, we present several typical self‐assembly strategies with their frontiers in practical applications. Finally, we analyze the current situations of magnetic PhCs and put forward the prospective challenges and future development directions.
Experimental investigation on the use of Fabric‐Reinforced Cementitious Mortars for the retrofitting of reinforced concrete dapped‐end beams
Authors: Flores Ferreira Katherina , Rampini Marco Carlo , Zani Giulio , Colombo Matteo , di Prisco Marco 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe structural performance and durability of reinforced concrete (RC) dapped‐end beams may be significantly threated by the effects of deterioration and environmental actions, compromising the structural robustness of important infrastructures such as bridges. The study of the critical role of dapped‐ends has grown in recent years, focusing in particular on the implementation of innovative retrofit solutions capable of extending the service life of these structural elements. In this paper, an experimental investigation on the contribution of Fabric‐Reinforced Cementitious Matrix (FRCM) retrofitting system to the load bearing capacity of RC dapped‐end beams is presented. A set of eight full‐scale dapped‐ends was subjected to monotonic loading tests. The presence of cracks prior to the application of the retrofitting composite, which may represent the actual state of conservation of existing RC half‐joints subjected to heavy traffic loads, is reproduced by testing the specimens up to the reaching of the ultimate design load. Different orientations of the alkali‐resistant glass fabric composing the FRCM system were tested, and the results allow to discuss the effectiveness of the retrofitting solution.
Seismic design and engineering practice of 10‐story shear wall structure with replaceable viscoelastic coupling beams
Authors: Zhou Ying , Liu Xiaofang , Xiao Yi , Wu Hao , Wang Meng 
Published: March 2023

SummaryStructures with replaceable energy‐dissipating elements are attractive systems for improving building resilience. Damage in these structures is mainly limited to dissipating elements, which can be replaced after earthquakes. Among the energy‐dissipating elements, viscoelastic dampers (VEDs) can dissipate energy even under small deformations while providing stable fatigue performances, which benefits high‐rise buildings in resisting both wind and earthquake loadings. This paper presents the seismic design of an engineering practice of a 10‐story shear wall building with replaceable viscoelastic coupling beams. A new type of viscoelastic material that has negligible frequency dependency is adopted to provide stable constraint for the wall piers. The design details, including VEDs, nonreplaceable segment, and the detachable connection, are exemplified. The numerical model of the replaceable structure is established and analyzed under dynamic loadings. Results confirm that the implementation of replaceable viscoelastic coupling beams improves structural seismic performance. The plastic rotation at the end of the coupling beam is significantly reduced up to 41.4% compared with the traditional coupled shear wall structure.
ARIA in patients treated with lecanemab (BAN2401) in a phase 2 study in early Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Honig Lawrence S. , Barakos Jerome , Dhadda Shobha , Kanekiyo Michio , Reyderman Larisa , Irizarry Michael , Kramer Lynn D. , Swanson Chad J. , Sabbagh Marwan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONLecanemab is a humanized immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) monoclonal antibody that preferentially targets soluble aggregated Aβ species (protofibrils) with activity at amyloid plaques. Amyloid‐related imaging abnormalities (ARIA) profiles appear to differ for various anti‐amyloid antibodies. Here, we present ARIA data from a large phase 2 lecanemab trial (Study 201) in early Alzheimer's disease.METHODSStudy 201 trial was double‐blind, placebo‐controlled (core) with an open‐label extension (OLE). Observed ARIA events were summarized and modeled via Kaplan‐Meier graphs. An exposure response model was developed.RESULTSIn the phase 2 core and OLE, there was a low incidence of ARIA‐E (<10%), with <3% symptomatic cases. ARIA‐E was generally asymptomatic, mild‐to‐moderate in severity, and occurred early (<3 months). ARIA‐E was correlated with maximum lecanemab serum concentration and incidence was higher in apolipoprotein E4 (ApoE4) homozygous carriers. ARIA‐H and ARIA‐E occurred with similar frequency in core and OLE.DISCUSSIONLecanemab can be administered without titration with modest incidence of ARIA.
Recent advancements in combining MOFs and natural compounds for cancer therapy
Authors: Chen Bingquan , Zhang Ling , Jiang Ke 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn addition to drugs, natural compounds such as functional food factors have demonstrated great potential for cancer therapy due to their low cost, mild side effects, and common raw materials. However, their short half‐life period, easy decomposition, and lack of targeting severely limit their further development. Metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) are a new type of porous crystalline materials that are created by combining metal clusters and organic linkers. MOFs have enormous applications, particularly in the biomedical field, due to their ability for pre‐functional design and post‐functional modification. In this mini‐review, we summarize recent research progress on combining MOFs with natural compounds for anti‐cancer performance, which will provide new insights for future research in the biomedical field.
Completing RHINO
Authors: Di Bari Pasquale , Murphy Adam 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The right-handed (RH) Higgs-induced neutrino mixing (RHINO) model explains neutrino masses and origin of matter in the universe within a unified picture. The mixing, effectively described by a dimension five operator, is responsible both for the production of dark neutrinos, converting a small fraction of seesaw neutrinos acting as source, and for their decays. We show that including the production of source neutrinos from Higgs portal interactions, their abundance can thermalise prior to the onset of source-dark neutrino oscillations, resulting into an enhanced production of dark neutrinos that thus can play the role of decaying dark matter (DM) for a much higher seesaw scale. This can be above the sphaleron freeze-out temperature and as high as ~ 100 TeV, so that strong thermal resonant leptogenesis for the generation of the matter-antimatter asymmetry is viable. We obtain a ~ 1 TeV–1 PeV allowed dark neutrino mass range. Intriguingly, their decays can also explain a neutrino flux excess at $$ \mathcal{O} $$
O
(100 TeV) energies recently confirmed by the IceCube collaboration analysing 7.5 yr HESE data. Our results also point to an effective scale for Higgs portal interactions nicely identifiable with the grandunified scale and many orders of magnitude below the effective scale for the mixing. We explain this hierarchy in a UV-complete model with a very heavy fermion as mediator: the first scale corresponds to the fundamental scale of new physics, while the second is much higher because of a very small coupling that can be identified with a symmetry breaking parameter. Therefore, RHINO realises a simple unified model of neutrino masses and origin of matter in the universe currently under scrutiny at neutrino telescopes and potentially embeddable within a grandunified model.
Gravitational spin-orbit Hamiltonian at NNNLO in the post-Newtonian framework
Authors: Mandal Manoj K. , Mastrolia Pierpaolo , Patil Raj , Steinhoff Jan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
We present the result of the spin-orbit interaction Hamiltonian for binary systems of rotating compact objects with generic spins, up to N3LO corrections within the post-Newtonian expansion. The calculation is performed by employing the effective field theory diagrammatic approach, and it involves Feynman integrals up to three loops, evaluated within the dimensional regularization scheme. We apply canonical transformations to eliminate the non-physical divergences and spurious logarithmic behaviours of the Hamiltonian, and use the latter to derive the gauge-invariant binding energy and the scattering angle, in special kinematic regimes.
Osteoid osteoma in the bones of the hand: a systematic literature review
Authors: Meyer Jasmin , Rolvien Tim , Reiter Alonja , Priemel Matthias , Frosch Karl-Heinz , Krukenberg Anna , Yarar-Schlickewei Sinef 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Osteoid osteoma (OO) is a common benign bone tumor. OO is observed most frequently in the long bones, especially in the tibia and femur. When occurring in the bones of the hand, OO can be a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. The aim of this study was to provide a systematic review of occurrence, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment options regarding OO in hand bones.

Materials and methods
We performed a systematic review of the literature. All studies from the online databases PubMed and SpringerLink, which reported cases of osteoid osteomas in the bones of the hand, were included. By summarizing the literature, we evaluated the localization within the hand as well as diagnostic and therapeutic options.

Results
We included 133 studies reporting 401 cases. OO was mostly common in the phalanges. The diagnosis was mostly made by CT (computed tomography) scan. Most of the OO were treated surgically by open curettage or en bloc resection.

Conclusions
Osteoid osteomas in the bones of the hand are rare and a delayed diagnosis is common. In cases of pain combined with particular symptoms such as nail hypertrophy and swelling OO should be considered. Of the most used imaging methods, CT scans have the highest sensitivity.
Evaluation of a low speed stage coupling with regard to structure-borne sound propagation in a wind turbine
Authors: Cardaun Martin , Schünemann Wilhelm , Schelenz Ralf , Kari Alexander , Lange Stephan , Sigle Christof 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDue to recent advances in the field of broadband aerodynamic noise, tonalities of wind turbines (WT) are increasingly coming into focus in the wind industry. In this case, the structure is excited inside the drivetrain and the structure-borne sound propagates through the machinery and ultimately to the surfaces of the WT, where it is radiated into the ambient air. Since any tonalities are a system characteristic, they should be considered at an early stage of product development. On the one hand, great efforts are being made to develop ever lower-toned drivetrains. On the other hand, tonalities can efficiently be neutralised by systematically decoupling the excitations in the drivetrain from the sound-emitting surfaces of the wind turbine. In addition to the well-studied behaviour regarding the decoupling of non-torque rotor loads from the drivetrain, in this paper the influence of a low speed stage (LSS) coupling on the structure-borne sound propagation inside of an integrated drivetrain is investigated. In a previous study at the Center for Wind Power Drives, it could be shown that in an integrated drivetrain, the transfer paths through the main shaft and subsequently the main bearing becomes the dominant transfer path. This is in contrast to classic bearing configurations where the torque arms of the gearbox are the dominant transfer paths of excitations from the gearbox, revealing an increased potential of LSS Couplings especially for integrated drivetrains. Detailed numerical investigations are performed in order to understand and quantify the usage of a LSS coupling for lowering sound power levels of a WT.
Influence of drivetrain efficiency determination on the torque control of wind turbines
Authors: Zweiffel M. , Jacobs G. , Song Z. , Weidinger P. , Decker T. , Röder J. , Bosse D. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDecreasing the levelized cost of energy is a major design objective for wind turbines. Accordingly, the control is generally optimized to achieve a high energy production and a high-power coefficient. In partial load range, speed and torque are controlled via the generator torque but the rotor torque determines the power coefficient of the turbine. High uncertainties for the uncalibrated low-speed shaft torque measurement and varying drivetrain efficiencies which depend on the speed, load and temperature lead to a torque control error that reduces the power coefficient of the wind turbine. In this paper the rotor torque control error and the impact on the power coefficient of wind turbines is quantified. For this purpose, the variation of drivetrain efficiency is analyzed. An efficiency model for the wind turbine drivetrain is build and validated on the test bench. Then, the influence of the drivetrain speed, torque loads, non-torque loads, and temperature on the efficiency is quantified. Finally, the influence of the rotor torque control error on the power coefficient was simulated with an aerodynamic model. The results show that of all examined influences only torque and temperature significantly impacting the efficiency leading to rotor torque control errors that reduce the power coefficient and consequently increase the levelized cost of energy. Improved efficiency measurement on WT test benches or drivetrain efficiency modelling can reduce the rotor torque control error and therefore decrease the LCOE.
Comparison of transfer path characteristics for different wind turbine drivetrain variations
Authors: Schünemann Wilhelm , Schelenz Ralf , Jacobs Georg 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTo reduce acoustic emissions of a wind turbine (WT), the source of the vibrations (e.g. blades, gearbox), the emitting surfaces (e.g. blades, tower, nacelle cover) and the transmission between the source and surface have to be studied. The focus of this paper lies on a method to identify relevant transfer paths between the WT drivetrain and the sound-emitting surfaces and their respective contribution. The identified transfer paths can be used to improve turbine acoustics, especially by identifying problematic transmission areas.This paper will cover the application of transfer path analysis methods for different wind turbine drivetrains. The method will be applied to an MBS model of a 3 MW turbine. Different Bearing arrangements of the drivetrain and their influence on the Transfer path are compared. With the result of the TPA, developers will be able to determine critical contributions to the tonal behavior of the turbine and optimize either the transfer characteristics or the excitation specifically responsible for tonal behavior. The methods described can be applied to field measurement as well as an MBS-Model of the turbine to be able to optimize transfer characteristics during development.
An investigation into the transferability of dynamic elastomer dampers’ properties between different damper sizes using FEM
Authors: Rapp Tobias , Jacobs Georg , Berroth Joerg , Kleinewegen Stefan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractElastomer dampers are used in drive systems to systematically adjust the systems’ vibration behavior. Selecting the right damper therefore requires model-based prediction of the system’s vibrations. Modelling elastomer dampers in the system context involves a high degree of complexity, since non-linear material effects in elastomers, such as the dependence of material properties on loading speed and history, make it difficult to predict the material behavior. This complexity hinders the model parameters of elastomer dampers to be determined from physical parameters such as material composition and geometric quantities. Instead, abstract models must be used that represent the material behavior phenomenologically and that are parameterized via experimental investigations on each individual damper. The diversity of variants as well as customly produced dampers mean that manufacturers and industrial applicators of elastomer dampers are confronted with disproportionately large numbers of required experiments.The aim of this work is to reduce the number of required experiments by inferring the behavior of various different elastomer dampers from experiments on a single damper. For this purpose, it is assumed that separating the influence of the damper’s geometry and the influence of the material is possible, while the geometries’ influence can be predicted by abstracting parts of the phenomenological model via a simple FE model. The method is exemplarily demonstrated by predicting the transmission behavior of two torsional loaded elastomer couplings from experiments on a test specimen. The method is validated by comparing predicted and measured dynamic stiffness of the investigated couplings.
Full-scale fatigue testing of a cast-iron wind turbine rotor shaft
Authors: Kyling Hans , Siddiqui Muhammad Omer 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSpheroidal graphite cast iron (EN-GJS), which provides a high degree of design flexibility and the possibility for lightweight design, has benefits as a material for use in structural parts in wind turbines. Comparing components made using the sand casting technique to those made using the chill casting process reveals significant potential to boost strength. However, at present, there is neither a proven design guideline nor reliable material input data for a lightweight component based on this material and fabrication process. This publication presents the results from the Gusswelleproject in chronological order. It starts with the explanation of the final setup and test plan for the full-scale rotor shaft fatigue experiment. The elaborated sensor and operational concept are then presented together with an adequate finite element method (FEM) model of the specimen and relevant neighboring components. The validation of this FEM model to ensure that the loading and the resulting local strains representing the real test bench situation is described. The usage of non-destructive testing to document the condition of the specimen from initial crack formation until integrity loss is explained followed by a comparison between the component fatigue test results and the material-based life-time forecast. A strength increase for chill-cast large components in the range of 50% is indicated. Simulation-based crack propagation studies are performed to qualitatively verify the loads responsible for the observed cracks of the component test and to further develop the possible method for crack predictions.
Development of a pre-screening-method for the qualification of environmentally acceptable lubricants for stern tube systems—The evaluation of friction efficiency and scuffing capacity
Authors: Bürger Marius , Jacobs Georg , von Goeldel Stephan , König Florian 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLubricants for stern tube systems are subject to increasingly stringent requirements in terms of environmental compatibility, as any lubricant leakage leads to contamination of the sea. As a result, interest in environmentally acceptable lubricants (EALs) is increasing. Biodegradable ester lubricants represent a possible alternative to conventional, mineral oil-based lubricants. In addition to environmental compatibility requirements, these ester lubricants must also meet tribological requirements. In this study, suitable tribometers were therefore combined in a pre-screening method to cost-effectively test lubricants for their tribological requirements (friction efficiency, wear protection and scuffing capacity). For this purpose, the contact parameters are transferred from the real conditions in the stern tube system’s journal bearing and from the standardized component tests (FZG for gears and FE8 for rolling bearings) to tribological model tests on a Mini-Traction-Machine (MTM, PCS Instruments). The result of the study is a method for the pre-screening of EALs under the application-related journal bearing and standardized component test conditions, respectively. The results show an influence of the lubricant composition on the friction efficiency in fluid friction as well as the transition point from fluid to mixed friction. Furthermore, an influence of the lubricant composition on the scuffing capacity could be shown. The results of friction efficiency and scuffing capacity confirm also a high reproducibility for those pre-screening tests.