bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TREATMENT OF HYPERTENSION WITH COMBINATION OF IRBESARTAN AND AMLODIPINE: A REAL-LIFE OBSERVATION STUDY (ON-TRACK STUDY)
Authors: Halima Afef Ben , Khelifa Mariem Ben , Afrit Marouane El , Korbi Nedra , Ammar Asma Ben , Bani Fadwa , Talmoudi Khouloud , Laarousi Sami , Mathlouthi Najeh , Boukchim Houyem , Ayari Firas , Hassen Mohamed Ben , Ennaifar Khaled , Ajmi Rym Mansour , Malek Mohamed Ali Ben , Zidi Mongi 
Published: June 2023

Objective:
The On-Track study (Old versus New blood pressure TaRget Achievement under Irbesatan/Amlodipine Combination: General Practice WorK experience) is a real life study conducted to evaluate the fixed combination of Irbesartan and Amlodipine. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of the fixed combination Irbesartan/Amlodipine in reducing blood pressure (BP) and achieving target BP and its safety profile.

Design and method:
This is an observational, prospective, multicenter study which included patients with newly diagnosed and untreated hypertension (BP higher or equal to 140/90 mmHg) or uncontrolled hypertension on monotherapy or uncontrolled hypertension with any two-drug combination other than irbesartan/Amlodipine. Patients included were prescribed the combination drug Irbesartan/Amlodipin at different doses and followed up for 6 months.

Results:
A total of 1012 patients were included in this study in the intention-to-treat analysis. 536 patients were treated with Irbesartan/Amlodipine 150/5, 421 patients with Irbesartan/Amlodipine 300/5, and 55 patients with Irbesartan/Amlodipine 300/10. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP) values were recorded for patients at inclusion and at each study visit. There was a significant decrease of mean SBP at 6 months compared to SBP at inclusion ( 167.4±16.8 mm Hg 128.6±8.5 mm Hg, p<0.001) and of DBP ( 91.7±10.0 mmHg vs 76.4±6.2 mmHg p < 0.001). At six months the target BP of < 140/90 mm Hg was achieved in 87.1 % of patients, and the target BP < 130/80 mm Hg was achieved in 39.5 % of patients. The rate of adherence to treatment was 88.5 %. Adverse events were reported in 22.3 % of patients mainly oedema in 11 % of cases. None of the patients in the study reported a serious adverse event that would have led to discontinuation of treatment

Conclusions:
This study confirms the efficacy of the irbesartan-amlodipine fixed-dose combination when applying the old targets of BP but more efforts should be done to achieve new target BP. We noticed a good tolerability and adherence to treatment of patients under this drug combination.
PROTECTIVE ROLE OF VITAMIN B9 AGAINST HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE: A POPULATION BASED STUDY FROM HARYANA, NORTH INDIA
Authors: Yadav Neha , Devi Naorem Kiranmala 
Published: June 2023

Objective:
Prevalence of high blood pressure has increased tremendously among all age groups from the last four decades and a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Lifestyle risk factors like pattern of diet is likely to play a role in hypertension. Adequacy in the intake level of vitamin B9 has been reported to play a protective role against hypertension hence, the present study aimed to explore the relationship between intake proportions of vitamin B9 as per RDA and blood pressure among a vegetarian population.

Design and method:
A total of 250 participants including both males and females of age 30 years and above were recruited for the present study from Palwal, Haryana. Data on demography and dietary intake was collected by using pretested and modified interview schedule and validated food frequency questionnaire (ffq) respectively.

Results:
Blood pressure was measured using calibrated electronic equipment (OMRON). Statistical analyses was done by using SPSS software version 22.

Conclusions:
An inverse relationship between adequate dietary intake of vitamin B9 and hypertension was found. Adequacy in the intake level of vitamin B9 may play a crucial role in reducing the burden of hypertension.
ELEVATED GROWTH AND DIFFERENTIATION FACTOR 15 (GDF-15) LEVELS AMPLIFIES THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN HOME BLOOD PRESSURE VARIABILITY AND CARDIOVASCULAR OUTCOME
Authors: Hoshide Satoshi , Kario Kazuomi 
Published: June 2023

Objective:
Growth and differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) is a marker of cell senescence. Although age is strongly determinant of GDF-15 level, several studies suggest that GDF-15 reflects biological age rather than chronological age. Since age is also associated with increased blood pressure variability, we hypothesized that the association between day-by-day home blood pressure variability (HBPV) and cardiovascular outcome may be steeper in patients with elevated GDF-15.

Design and method:
We analyzed 4030 patients from a practitioner-based population (mean±SD age 64.9±10.9 years: 79.0% taking antihypertensive medication) with at least one cardiovascular risk factor who underwent home blood pressure monitoring in the Japan Morning Surge-Home Blood Pressure Study. The standard deviation was assessed as indexes of day-by-day home systolic blood pressure variability. We divided patients into elevated (1200 ng/L or more) and non-elevated GDF-15 (less than 1200 ng/L) groups.

Results:
During a mean follow-up of 6.2 years, 247 cardiovascular events occurred. Participants with the highest HBPV tertile without elevated GDF-15 (hazard ratio [HR], 1.52; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03-2.23) or those with elevated GDF-15 without the highest BPV tertile (HR, 1.52; 95%CI, 1.03-2.16) had approximately 1.5-fold higher risk of cardiovascular events compared with those with low HBPV without elevated GDF-15. Adjusted risk of cardiovascular events was approximately 2.3-fold higher among participants with elevated GDF-15 and the highest HBPV tertile, compared with those with low HBPV without elevated GDF-15 (HR, 2.34; 95%CI, 1.58-3.45).

Conclusions:
We conclude that elevated GDF-15 contributes to the association between home BP variability and cardiovascular events.
BLOOD PRESSURE VARIABILITY AND CIRCADIAN PATTERN AFTER RENAL DENERVATION - CROATIAN REAL-LIFE STUDY
Authors: Barisic Klara , Jelakovic Ana , Begic Zvonimir , Basic Matija , Perkov Drazen , Lovric Mila , Sarac Antonela , Vrkic Tajana Zeljkovic , Dika Zivka , Stambuk Sandra Karanovic , Zivko Marijana , Josipovic Josipa , Kacinari Patricia , Abramovic Ivana , Jelakovic Bojan 
Published: June 2023

Objective:
Recent trials confirmed the lowering effect of renal denervation (RDN) on blood pressure (BP). We aimed to analyze the impact of RDN on BP variability and circadian rhythm.

Design and method:
Out of 31 truly resistant patients whose secondary forms of hypertension were ruled out and were enrolled into the Croatian Spyral RDN registry, 18 (10 m, 8 w, average age 49.3) were eligible for analyses. Office BP, ABPM, central BP, and PWV were measured with Omron M6, Mobilograph, and Sphygmocor devices. Sympathetic/parasympathetic activity was measured with ANX-3.0 ANSAR device. All RDN procedures (Spyral Medtronic) were done by one physician (average number of ablation spots was 41/procedure). Patients were examined the day before and that day, 1,3,6, and 12 months after the RDN. The response was a drop of office systolic BP by 10 mmHg or more 6 months after RDN. There were no differences in the RDN procedure between responders and non-responders.

Results:
Office and ABPM values dropped the day after RDN and remained significantly lower at the end of the follow-up (6.5/-5.5 and -16.2/9 mmHg, respectively). We failed to find changes in BP variability (SD) after RDN. However, a significant decrease in morning BP surge was observed immediately the day after RDN (-12.4) and was even lower at the end of the follow-up (-18.8 mmHg). Substantial number of patients who had an abnormal nocturnal BP pattern became dippers. Central systolic BP and PWV decreased (-6.3 mmHg and -0.72 m/s, respectively). LFa/RFa decreased the day after RDN and reminded lower during the follow-up period. After RDN morning BP surge remained stable and normal in responders; however, in non-responders, it decreased immediately after RDN (-21.2) and remained lower during the follow-up till the last visit (-33.3).

Conclusions:
Significant improvements in circadian rhythm and several parameters of central hemodynamics were observed after RDN indicating that RDN might be considered as a pathway to the complete, so-called perfect 24-hour BP control. Observed beneficial effects run in parallel with the observed decrease in sympathetic activity. Importantly, even in non-responders, RDN had a beneficial effect on morning BP surge.
PLASMA PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR INHIBITOR 1 ASSOCIATES WITH HYPERTENSION IN PROSTATE CANCER
Authors: Sirenko Oksana , Kuryata Olexandr , Tykhomyrov Artem , Yatsenko Tetyana 
Published: June 2023

Objective:
The aim was to determine the activity of serum PAI 1 in men with prostate cancer and its relationship with hypertension characteristics.

Design and method:
39 men (median age 63.8 [52.7; 70.5]) with prostate cancer were enrolled. Serum PAI 1 activity levels were determined using a modified colorimetric method of plasminogen activator determination. We examined the association of plasma PAI 1 with incident hypertension by multivariate logistic regression, adjusting for age, obesity, lipids, fasting glucose, kidney function, inflammation, and follow-up years.

Results:
Arterial hypertension was detected in 26 (66.7 %) patients with prostate adenocarcinoma. The median PAI 1 activity level in patients with prostate cancer was 77.95 [64.72; 92.12] U/mL, in the control group – 64.54 [52.35;85.45] U/mL (p< 0.05). The PAI 1 activity level correlated with diastolic blood pressure (R = 0.69, p < 0.001), duration of prostate adenocarcinoma (R = 0.42, p < 0.001), and testosterone level (R = 0.60, p < 0.001). Higher level of log-transformed PAI 1 was associated with 1.29-fold increased risk of hypertension [odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval): 1.29 (1.09–1.53)].

Conclusions:
Men with prostate cancer are characterized by increased levels of PAI 1 associated with hypertension. More research is needed to establish a relationship between PAI 1 and hypertension in men with prostate cancer.
LINKAGE OF LEFT VENTRICLE HYPERTROPHIC GEOMETRIC MODELS WITH CLINICAL, METABOLIC-HORMONAL PARAMETERS AND MINERAL METABOLISM IN HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS
Authors: Voroniuk Kseniia , Sydorchuk Larysa , Hinhuliak Oleksandr , Repchuk Yuliia , Semianiv Marianna , Sokolenko Alina , Biletsky Semen , Ivashchuk Sergiy , Petrynych Oksana , Kazantseva Tetiana , Dzhuriak Valentyna 
Published: June 2023

Objective:
To analyze the association of hypertrophic geometric models of the left ventricle (LV) with changes in clinical, anthropometric and metabolic-hormonal parameters and of mineral metabolism data in patients with essential arterial hypertension (EAH).

Design and method:
The case-control study involved 100 patients with EAH stage II, 1-3 degrees of blood pressure value (BP), high and very high cardiovascular risk. Among the patients there were 21% (21) men, 79% (79) women, the mean age 59.86±6.22y.o. The control group consisted of 60 practically healthy individuals, relevant in age (49.13±6.28y.o.) and gender distribution (63% - women, 37% - men). The lipid panel parameters, such as: TC (Total cholesterol), TG (Triglycerides), LDL-C (Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol), HDL-C (High-density lipoprotein cholesterol) were investigated in blood plasma. All recruited subjects were tested for serum levels of fasting glucose, ionized calcium, parathyroid hormone (PTH), 25-hydroxyvitamin D (Vit D). LV hypertrophy (LVH) and LVH models were assessed by echocardiography.

Results:
Eccentric LVH (ELVH) in EAH patients is associated with higher blood pressure than Concentric LVH (CLVH): Systolic blood pressure and Diastolic blood pressure are higher by 3.29% and 3.95%(p<0,05-0,04). ELHV associates with higher body mass index and waist circumference in women - by 7.80% and 7.40% (p<0.05-0.048), respectively. In addition, the ELVH was characterized by a lower ionized Ca2+ level in the blood than CLVH by 2.54% (p = 0.021) with a compensatory higher concentration of PTH by 23.86% (p = 0.047), which indicates the calcium homeostasis intensity in EAH patients. The lipids and glucose serum concentration as well as Vit D level do not associate with any of hypertrophic models of myocardium.

Conclusions:
Lipid profile, blood glucose and Vit D concentration do not determine the development of any type of the LVH. ELVH is associated with lower Ca2+ level of and consequently with elevated PTH value.
CAROTID PLAQUE OFFSETS THE SEX DIFFERENCE IN CARDIOVASCULAR RISK IN YOUNG TO MIDDLE AGE HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS: THE CAMPANIA SALUTE NETWORK
Authors: Mancusi Costantino , Fucile Ilaria , Lembo Maria , Manzi Maria Virginia , Luca Nicola De , Izzo Raffaele 
Published: June 2023

Objective:
The aim of the present study is to assess whether presence of carotid artery plaque (CP) has a similar impact on the sex difference in risk for future cardiovascular events.

Design and method:
we studied 5209 women and men <65 years old with hypertension and free from prevalent cardiovascular disease enrolled in the prospective Campania Salute Network registry were followed over a mean of 5.9 years. Subjects were grouped according to the absence or the presence of CP identified by Doppler ultrasound (intima-media thickness>15mm). Main outcome was major cardiovascular events (MACE; combined acute coronary syndromes, stroke, hospitalization for heart failure and incident atrial fibrillation).

Results:
Among patients without CP (n = 3139), women were older, with higher systolic BP, cholesterol level and prevalent LVH but lower triglycerides and eGFR, compared to men (all p<0.001). Among patients with CP (n = 2070), women were older, taking higher number of antihypertensive drug, with higher cholesterol level and prevalent LVH but lower triglycerides and eGFR compared to men (all p<0.001). In Cox regression analysis adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors, LVH and antihypertensive treatment during follow up women without CP had lower hazard rate (HR = 0.41) for MACE (n = 107) than men (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.39–0.89, p = 0.01). In contrast, among patients with CP, women had similar HR for MACE (n = 132) as men (HR 0.79 [95% CI 0.54–1.14], p = 0.203).

Conclusions:
This study demonstrates that presence of carotid organ damage in hypertension contributes to offset the female sex-protection in cardiovascular risk. Thus, expanding previous finding, young to middle-age women and men with hypertension and carotid organ damage have comparable cardiovascular risk.
SEVERE-1 STUDY PROTOCOL: SECONDARY PREVENTION AND EXTREME CARDIOVASCULAR RISK EVALUATION, FOCUS ON PREVALENCE AND ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS
Authors: Maloberti Alessandro , Intravaia Rita , Mancusi Costantino , Luca Nicola De , Golia Enrica , Cesaro Arturo , Chiara Benedetta Carla De , Bernasconi Davide , Algeri Michela , Grasso Alice , Giannattasio Cristina 
Published: June 2023

Objective:
Despite significant improvement in secondary CV prevention strategies, some Acute and Chronic Coronary Sindrome (ACS and CCS) patients will suffer recurrent CV events (also called “extreme CV risk”). Recently new biochemical markers, such as Uric Acid (UA), Lipoprotein A (LpA) and several markers of inflammation, have been described to be associated with CV events recurrence.
We proposed a study (SEVERE-1) for the accurate characterization of extreme CV risk patients enrolled in Cardiac Rehabilitation (CR) programs. Our aims are to describe the prevalence of extreme CV risk and its association with newly described CV risk factors.

Design and method:
We will evaluate 730 ACS patients enrolled in a CR program. Extreme CV risk will be defined as the presence of a previous (within 2 years) CV events in the patients clinical hystory. UA, LpA and inflammatory markers (interleukin-6 and -18, tumor necrosys factor alpha, C-reactive protein, calprotectin and osteoprotegerin) will be assessed in ACS/CCS patients with extreme CV risk and compared with ACS/CCS patients without extreme CV risk and two control groups: 1180 hypertensives and 765 healthy subjects.

Results:
Then we will assess the association between newly described CV risk factors and extreme CV risk with multivariable model and, for biomarkers selected as relevant, we will create two score system for the identification of extreme CV risk patients. The first one will use only clinical variables while the second one will introduce biochemical markers on top. The AUC values will be used to compare the diagnostic accuracy. Finally, by exome sequencing we ill both evaluate polygenic risk score ability to predict recurrent events and we will do mendellian randomization analysis on CV biomarkers

Conclusions:
Our study proposal was granted by the PNRR M6/C2 call. With this study we will give definitive data on extreme CV risk prevalence (probably higher than what actually believed) rising attention on this condition and leading cardiologist to better diagnose this condition and to carry out a more intensive treatment optimization that will leads to a reduction of future ACS recurrence.
FECAL ZONULIN IS ASSOCIATED WITH CARDIOVASCULAR RISK MARKERS AND INCREASED ARTERIAL STIFFNESS IN A POPULATION-BASED SAMPLE
Authors: Kolesova Ekaterina , Rotar Oxana , Moguchaya Ekaterina , Boyarinova Maria , Erina Anastasia , Tolkunova Kristina , Kibkalo Sofia , Gurina Marina , Vasilieva Elena , Usoltsev Dmitrii , Artomov Mykyta , Mazing Aleksandra , Maslyanskiy Aleksey , Konradi Aleksandra 
Published: June 2023

Objective:
To identify associations of fecal zonulin with cardiovascular risk factors including vascular damage in population-based sample.

Design and method:
77 patients without cardiovascular disease from a population-based sample were randomly invited and signed informed consent. All patients underwent a questionnaire (eating habits, physical activity, smoking, alcohol consumption, stress, anxiety, and depression, quality of life, EFPQ), anthropometry, blood pressure and pulse measurement, laboratory examination (biochemical blood test, lipids, fecal zonulin), vascular examination (carotid arteries ultrasound, applanation tonometry by SphygmoCor, volume sphygmomanometry by Vasera).

Results:
The analysis included 77 patients - 33 (42.8%) male with mean age 52 [43;59] years, and 44 (57.2%) female with mean age 60.5 [47.75;66] years. The results of the linear regression analysis adjusted for sex and age of the level of zonulin are presented in Table 1.

Conclusions:
Fecal zonulin has been associated with dietary patterns, heart and kidney markers, vitamin D), behavioral habits such as a tendency to depression and increased alcohol consumption, as well as signs of increased arterial stiffness. For the first time, we used an integrated approach using a surrogate marker of increased intestinal permeability and revealed its relationship with dietary characteristics and markers of vascular stiffness.
ELECTROLYTES AND VITAMINS IN HYPERTENSION. UPDATE 2023
Authors: Kisters Klaus , Gröber Uwe , Kisters Sophia 
Published: June 2023

Objective:
Essential hypertension is the most common internal disease in Germany. This disease can result in a variety of cardiovascular diseases like myocardial infarction, heart insufficiency, or stroke.
In this context, electrolytes and vitamins are of growing interest. Especially an existing deficiency in electrolytes or vitamins has to be avoided. Due to malnutrition or medical treatment, a loss in electrolytes and vitamins can occur. Therefore the elderly hypertensive is at a special risk.

Design and method:
45 elderly (beyond 65 years) hypertensives (23 male, 22 female) patients were studied. None of the patients was renal insufficient, diabetic or under diuretics or supplemented with biofactors for at least 6 weeks before study.
Electrolytes (sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium in serum, in addition ionized magnesium in blood) and vitamin D and interleukin 6 were measured.
Ionized magnesium was measured by a NOVA Prime plus apparatus, NOVA BIOMEDICAL, Andover, USA.
Data are means +/- SD. ANOVA was used for statisdtical analysis.

Results:
Sodium, potassium and calcium values were measured normal in each patient. Serum creatinine was below 1.2 mg/dl in all patients.
In seerum magnesium concentrations, only 1 subject had values below 1,5 mg/dl, all other elderly hypertensives had a normal serum magnesium concentration.
In contrast, ionized magnesium concentrations were significantly decreased in 15 of 45 patients, showing values below 0.5 mmol/l (py< 0.01), that is 30%.
Vitamin D levels were also significantly decreased, 17.6 +/- 6.1 ng/ml as compared to the normal values (> 20 ng/ml)(p< 0.01).
Interleukin 6 levels were significantly increased (5.52 +/- 3.38 pg/ml)(normal range below 2 pg/ml)(p< 0.01).

Conclusions:
In elderly hypertensives electrolyte disorder has to be corrected. A magnesium deficiency is observed in elderly hypertensives in about 30%, due to recent literature. In our study we can confirm these findings concerning ionized magnesium, too.
Interleukin 6 levels were found significantly increased, depending on a sufficient magnesium content.
Vitamins A, C, E and K can reduce oxidative stress, B vitamins are protective for vessels and neurons.
Vitamin D (in our study reduced)(in combination with magnesium) can reduce blood pressure, too.
THE ROLE OF IONIZED MAGNESIUM IN HYPERTENSION - INTERLEUKINS
Authors: Kisters Klaus , Cziborra Markus , Kisters Sophia 
Published: June 2023

Objective:
Magnesium is involved in about 600 enzymatic and metabolic reactions. In patients at risk, e.g. hypertensives, a magnesium deficiency has to be taken into account. This can result in a varity of diseases, e.g. cardiovascular disorder, inflammation, arteriosclerosis and hypertension.
In addition, a magnesium loss can result in inreased interleukins 6 values, an important marker for inflammation.

Design and method:
Diagnosis of a magnesium deficiency can be usually performed either by laboratory measurements of serum magnesium routinely, anamnesis, or clinical symptoms.
The determination of ionized magnesium in blood is a new diagnostic tool to detect a magnesium deficiency very early (Phox plus apparatus, Nova Biomedical, Andover, USA). The analytical specification for imprecision CV% is about 3.0. In a variety of newer studies no correlation between serum and ionozed magnesium existed.
Interleukins were measured addionally in our patients, as a marker for inflammation in hypertension.
24 Patient with primary hypertension and metabolic syndrome were studied. All patients had a normal renal function, and no diuretics or magnesium supplements.

Results:
Ionized magnesium was measured 0.61 +/- 0.11 mmol/l. Normal range: 0.55-0.75 mmol/l.
Interleukin 6 values were statistically significantly inreased in hypertensives with metabolic syndrome, 5.43 +/- 3.9 pg/ml as compared to the normal range (p< 0.05, means +/- SD, normally < 2 pg/ml).

Conclusions:
Ionized magnesium was found in the lower normal range in hypertensive patients with metabolic syndrome.
In all patients Interleukins 6 were significantly increased (p<0.05).
Newer data show that patients with hypertension and metabolic syndrome can benefit from a magnesium therapy showing also a positive effect on interleukins and inflammation or artriosclerosis.
In this context an intact magnesium handling is of special importance in avoiding organ damage.
A supplementation of about 300 mg magnesium daily in these patients can be beneficial.