bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Starch granule size and shape characterization of yam (Dioscorea alata L.) flour using automated image analysis
Authors: Houngbo Mahugnon Ezékiel , Desfontaines Lucienne , Irep Jean‐Luc , Dibi Konan Evrard Brice , Couchy Maritza , Otegbayo Bolanle O. , Cornet Denis 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDRoots, tubers and bananas (RTB) play an essential role as staple foods, particularly in Africa. Consumer acceptance for RTB products relies strongly on the functional properties of, which may be affected by the size and shape of its granules. Classically, these are characterized either using manual measurements on microscopic photographs of starch colored with iodine, or using a laser light‐scattering granulometer (LLSG). While the former is tedious and only allows the analysis of a small number of granules, the latter only provides limited information on the shape of the starch granule.RESULTSIn this study, an open‐source solution was developed allowing the automated measurement of the characteristic parameters of the size and shape of yam starch granules by applying thresholding and object identification on microscopic photographs. A random forest (RF) model was used to predict the starch granule shape class. This analysis pipeline was successfully applied to a yam diversity panel of 47 genotypes, leading to the characterization of more than 205 000 starch granules. Comparison between the classical and automated method shows a very strong correlation (R2 = 0.99) and an absence of bias for granule size. The RF model predicted shape class with an accuracy of 83%. With heritability equal to 0.85, the median projected area of the granules varied from 381 to 1115 μm2 and their observed shapes were ellipsoidal, polyhedral, round and triangular.CONCLUSIONThe results obtained in this study show that the proposed open‐source pipeline offers an accurate, robust and discriminating solution for medium‐throughput phenotyping of yam starch granule size distribution and shape classification. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Prevalence of substance use disorders among patients with systemic lupus erythematous and major depressive disorder
Authors: Varghese Kevin J. , Dellenbaugh Alexandra , Cao Fei , Burgess Douglas M. , Yan Xiaofeng 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundMajor depressive disorder (MDD) has a higher prevalence among patients with systemic lupus erythematous (SLE). Patients with SLE struggle with stressors such as social stigma and reduced employment. Furthermore, substance use disorders (SUD) are strongly associated with MDD.ObjectivesThis research investigated whether comorbid MDD among patients with SLE is associated with an increased prevalence of SUD diagnoses. Rates of various SUD diagnoses were compared among patients with SLE.MethodsThis was a retrospective comparison study of the medical record. All data were extracted from I2B2, a deidentified dataset from an academic hospital in an urban setting. Upon stratifying patients with SLE into two groups with or without MDD, chi‐squared test comparing SUD was completed. An additional analysis stratified patients with MDD into two groups with or without comorbid SLE and completed the chi‐squared test to compare SUD.ResultsPatients with SLE and comorbid MDD were more likely to have diagnoses of tobacco, alcohol, and opioid disorders, among others. The most common SUD was tobacco (prevalence 59.94%). Furthermore, the diagnosis of SLE among patients with MDD was not associated with increased rates of SUD diagnosis. However, patients diagnosed with comorbid SLE and MDD were more likely to have tobacco use and opioid use disorder diagnosis.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates a consistently higher rate of SUD diagnoses among patients diagnosed with SLE and comorbid MDD versus SLE alone. Rates of both tobacco and opioid use disorder were higher among patients with MDD and comorbid SLE when compared to MDD alone. Our study is limited by its retrospective analysis and does not include an analysis of the treatment of comorbid depression on SUD. For clinicians who take care of patients with SLE, when they have comorbid MDD, SUD should be screened.
An integrative salt marsh conceptual framework for global comparisons
Authors: Yando Erik S. , Jones Scott F. , James W. Ryan , Colombano Denise D. , Montemayor Diana I. , Nolte Stefanie , Raw Jacqueline L. , Ziegler Shelby L. , Chen Luzhen , Daffonchio Daniele , Fusi Marco , Rogers Kerrylee , Sergienko Liudmila 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSalt marshes occur globally across climatic and coastal settings, providing key linkages between terrestrial and marine ecosystems. However, salt marsh science lacks a unifying conceptual framework; consequently, historically well‐studied locations have been used as normative benchmarks. To allow for more effective comparisons across the diversity of salt marshes, we developed an integrative salt marsh conceptual framework. We review ecosystem‐relevant drivers from global to local spatial scales, integrate these multi‐scale settings into a framework, and provide guidance on applying the framework using specific variables on 11 global examples. Overall, this framework allows for appropriate comparison of study sites by accounting for global, coastal, inter‐, and intra‐system spatial settings unique to each salt marsh. We anticipate that incorporating this framework into salt marsh science will provide a mechanism to critically evaluate research questions and a foundation for effective quantitative studies that deepen our understanding of salt marsh function across spatial scales.
High‐Speed Modulations of Guided Terahertz Waves via 2DEG Tiny Metasurfaces
Authors: Zeng Hongxin , Gong Sen , Wang Lan , Ding Kesen , Liang Huajie , Lan Feng , Zhou Tianchi , Liang Shixiong , Wang Wei , Gong Yubin , Yang Ziqiang , Cui Tie Jun , Zhang Yaxin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMetasurfaces have emerged as fascinating planar optical components and devices, and, in particular, active metasurfaces confer more multifunctional expansions. However, the metasurface research has mainly focused on operating the light in free space, which hardly satisfies the system‐level compactness and miniaturization. The potential of the metasurface for guided wave modulation remains to be further developed. Here, an integrated electronic device is reported by embedding a tiny metasurface, which consists of several patterned 2D electron gas (2DEG) microstructures in a waveguide. This device suppresses excessive parasitism to improve the modulation speed and enhances the electromagnetic field interaction to improve the modulation efficiency. It is experimentally demonstrated that high‐speed modulations are electrically excited by the guided terahertz waves on a time scale of 40 ps via the tiny metasurface. This scheme represents a new platform for compact and high‐speed integrated electronics.
Role of Fe oxide in the underdeposit corrosion of pipeline steel in oilfield produced water containing SRB
Authors: Udowo Victor Malachy , Yan Maocheng , Liu Fuchun , Ikeuba Alexander I. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe corrosion behavior of C20 pipeline steel was studied under Fe oxide and sand deposits in oilfield produced water containing sulfate‐reducing bacteria (SRB) via electrochemical techniques and surface analyses. A galvanic current of about 2 μAcm−2 was detected when the Fe oxide deposited sample and the bare steel were coupled in zero resistance ammeter (ZRA) mode, with the former being the anodic member of the couple. The Fe oxide deposited steel recorded severe localized corrosion after 14 days of testing in the SRB inoculated oilfield produced water. Corrosion severity decreased on the sand‐deposited steel, with general corrosion as the dominant morphology of surface attack. The development of product film was a vital factor in steel corrosion under the Fe oxide deposit.
Topological properties of definable sets in ordered Abelian groups of burden 2
Authors: Dolich Alfred , Goodrick John 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe obtain some new results on the topology of unary definable sets in expansions of densely ordered Abelian groups of burden 2. In the special case in which the structure has dp‐rank 2, we show that the existence of an infinite definable discrete set precludes the definability of a set which is dense and codense in an interval, or of a set which is topologically like the Cantor middle‐third set (Theorem 2.9). If it has burden 2 and both an infinite discrete set D and a dense‐codense set X are definable, then translates of X must witness the Independence Property (Theorem 2.26). In the last section, an explicit example of an ordered Abelian group of burden 2 is given in which both an infinite discrete set and a dense‐codense set are definable.
Perception of avatars nonverbal behaviors in virtual reality
Authors: Etienne Elodie , Leclercq Anne‐Lise , Remacle Angélique , Dessart Laurence , Schyns Michaël 
Published: July 2023

AbstractVirtual reality has shown great potential in many fields, especially in business and psychology. By immersing someone in a new computer‐generated reality, it is possible to create realistic, safe, and controllable simulations for research and training, as well as new three‐dimensional‐enriched consumer experiences and services. Most of these environments, especially in the metaverse, rely on virtual representations of people called avatars. The design and non‐verbal behaviors of these avatars must be carefully crafted to provide a realistic and truly immersive experience. This paper aims to understand how avatar nonverbal behaviors (i.e., body posture, facial expression, and head movement) are perceived by users immersed in a virtual reality context, a very common situation encountered in many simulations and especially during training. Therefore, the first objective of this study is to validate, through an experiment with 125 participants, how the audience's levels of emotional valence and arousal are perceived in virtual reality. Based on these results, a library of audience non‐verbal behaviors corresponding to different arousal and valence levels is now available for future applications. The experiment also examines the benefits of using low‐end versus high‐end virtual reality headsets, and photo‐realistic versus cartoon avatars. The results have implications for the design of realistic, challenging, and interactive virtual audiences.
Novel aspect of neprilysin in kidney fibrosis via ACSL4‐mediated ferroptosis of tubular epithelial cells
Authors: Lai Weijing , Huang Rongshuang , Wang Bo , Shi Min , Guo Fan , Li Lingzhi , Ren Qian , Tao Sibei , Fu Ping , Ma Liang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAlthough inhibition of neprilysin (NEP) might be a therapeutic strategy with the potential to improve the outcome of chronic kidney disease (CKD), the versatile function of NEP with its mechanism remains obscure in kidney fibrosis. In the study, we found that NEP was abnormally increased in tubular epithelial cells of CKD patients, as well as unilateral ureteral obstruction and adenine diet‐induced mice. Treatment with a United States Food and Drug Administration‐approved NEP inhibitor Sacubitrilat (LBQ657) could alleviate ferroptosis, tubular injury, and delay the progression of kidney fibrosis in experimental mice. Similarly, genetic knockdown of NEP also inhibited tubular injury and fibrosis in transforming growth factor (TGF)‐β1 ‐induced tubular cells. Mechanically, NEP overexpression aggravated the ferroptotic and fibrotic phenotype, which was restored by acyl‐CoA synthetase long‐chain family member 4 (ACSL4) knockdown. The NEP silencing attenuated TGF‐β1‐induced tubular cell ferroptosis and was exacerbated by ACSL4 overexpression. Collectively, for the first time, a novel aspect of NEP was explored in kidney fibrosis through ACSL4‐mediated tubular epithelial cell ferroptosis. Our data further confirmed that NEP inhibition exerted a promising therapeutic against fibrotic kidney diseases.
Comparison of Live and Remote Video Ratings of the Scale for Assessment and Rating of Ataxia
Authors: Taheri Amin Arian , Faber Jennifer , Önder Demet , Kimmich Okka , Synofzik Matthis , Ashizawa Tetsuo , Klockgether Thomas , Grobe‐Einsler Marcus 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundVideo recordings of neurological examinations are often used in clinical trials. The Scale for Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA) is a widely used clinical scale for ataxic patients. Despite several advantages of video ratings, correlation between live ratings and remote video‐ratings has not been systematically investigated.ObjectiveTo compare live and remote video assessment of SARA.MethodsFull SARA examinations of 69 patients with cerebellar ataxia were recorded on video. Live rating from site investigators were compared with remote video rating of three experienced ataxia clinicians using Bland–Altman analysis.ResultsLive and remote video ratings showed a high level of agreement for the complete score (bias = 0.09, with standard deviation = 2.00) and all single SARA items (bias <0.20 for all items).ConclusionRemote video ratings of SARA are a reliable means to assess severity of ataxia.
Tax‐efficient supply chain allocation in a competitive environment
Authors: Jiang Yuan , Guan Xu , Chen Ying‐Ju , Bian Yiwen 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMany regulations have been enacted to prevent the multinational firm's (MNF's) tax avoidance and cause the enforcement cost of incoming shifting. This paper investigates the impact of the enforcement cost on a firm's tax‐efficient supply chain allocation strategy, wherein the firm can either create a research and development (R&D) center that innovates the intangible assets or create a distributor that acts as a marketing hub, in a low tax region to explore tax arbitrage. We show that when the firm engages in market competition and the impact of the enforcement cost is low, it prefers to create a distributor in the low tax region to align the benefits of tax saving and internal coordination. While if the impact of the enforcement cost is high, the firm prefers R&D center in the low tax region that can effectively mitigate the enforcement cost and achieve tax saving. When the market competition becomes more intense, the firm becomes more likely to choose R&D center in the low tax region to alleviate market competition. In this scenario, the social welfare is always higher when the firm allocates distributor in the low tax region. When an external supplier exists, the firm is still more likely to choose R&D center in the low tax region to reduce the supplier's wholesale price. What's more, in the presence of external supplier, the social welfare can be higher under either allocation format.
Measuring chemical exchange saturation transfer exchange rates in the human brain using a particle swarm optimisation algorithm
Authors: Carradus Andrew J. , Bradley Joe M. P. , Gowland Penny A. , Mougin Olivier E. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe z‐spectrum contains many pools with different exchange rates and T2 values, which can make it difficult to interpret in vivo data and complicates the design of experiments aimed at providing sensitivity to one pool. This work aims to characterise the main pools observable with MRI at 7T in the human brain. To achieve this, we acquired z‐spectra at multiple saturation powers in the human brain at 7T. We used simulations to optimise the use of particle swarm optimisation (PSO) to fit these data, validating this approach using further simulations and creatine phantoms. We then used the PSO to fit data from grey and white matter for the pool size, exchange rate, and T2 of five proton pools (magnetisation transfer, amides, amines, nuclear Overhauser enhancement NOE−3.5ppm and NOE−1.7ppm in addition to water). We then devised an approach for using PSO to fit z‐spectra while limiting the computational burden, and we investigated the sensitivity of the fit to T2 and k for three overlapping pools. We used this to measure the exchange rate of creatine and to show that it varied with temperature, as expected. In the brain we measured a significantly larger pool size in white matter than in grey matter for the magnetisation transfer pool and the NOE−3.5ppm pool. For all other parameters we found no significant difference between grey and white matter. We showed that PSO can be used to fit z‐spectra acquired at a range of B1 to provide information about peak position, amplitude, exchange rate, and T2 in vivo in the human brain. These data could provide more sensitivity to change in some clinical conditions and will also provide key information for further experimental design.
Two‐stage stochastic one‐to‐many driver matching for ridesharing
Authors: Homsi Gabriel , Gendron Bernard , Jena Sanjay Dominik 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe introduce a modeling framework for stochastic rider‐driver matching in many‐to‐one ridesharing systems, in which drivers have to be selected before the exact rider demand is known. The modeling framework allows for the use of driver booking fees and penalties for unmatched drivers, therefore supporting different system operating modes. We model this problem as a two‐stage stochastic set packing problem. To tackle the intractability of the stochastic problem, we introduce three model approximations and evaluate them on a large set of benchmark instances for three different system operating modes. Our computational experiments show the superiority of some model approximations over others and provide valuable insights on the impact of penalties and booking fees on the system's profitability and user satisfaction.
Adverse effects of dorsogluteal intramuscular injection versus ventrogluteal intramuscular injection: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Roldán‐Chicano María Teresa , Rodríguez‐Tello Javier , Cebrián‐López Raquel , Moore James Richard , del Mar García‐López María 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimsTo determine adverse effects of ventrogluteal intramuscular injections versus dorsogluteal intramuscular injections.DesignA systematic review and meta‐analysis.MethodsMEDLINE, EMBASE, CINHAL, CENTRAL, LILACS(BVS), BDENF (BVS), WoS, IRCTP(WHO), ClinicalsTrials.gov and PROSPERO databases were searched with no restriction on year or language. Preferred Reporting items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed.ResultsA total of 1429 participants from 17 studies were included. The meta‐analysis found that ventrogluteal injection site had significant relation to lower pain in 9 studies (SMD = −0.63, 95% CI = −0.87, −0.39), bleeding in 4 studies (SMD = −3.46, 95% CI = −6.07, –0.86) and hematoma in 2 studies; after 48 h (SMD = −0.25, 95% CI = −0.39, −0.11), and after 72 h (SMD = −0.16, 95% CI = −0.26, –0.06), if it was compared with dorsogluteal site injection. No differences were found when comparing the possibility of intramuscular injections given into de subcutaneous tissue. In three studies, ventrogluteal site did not significantly reduce the risk of subcutaneous injection (OR 0,62, 95% CI = 0.16, 2.41).
Development and acceptability testing of a decision aid for considering whether to reduce antipsychotics in individuals with stable schizophrenia
Authors: Aoki Yumi , Takaesu Yoshikazu , Matsui Kentaro , Tokumasu Takahiro , Tani Hideaki , Takekita Yoshiteru , Kanazawa Tetsufumi , Kishimoto Taishiro , Tarutani Seiichiro , Hashimoto Naoki , Takeuchi Hiroyoshi , Mishima Kazuo , Inada Ken 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimContinued antipsychotic treatment is the key to preventing relapse. Maintenance antipsychotic monotherapy and optimal dose use are recommended for individuals with stable schizophrenia because of their undesirable effects. Decision aids (DAs) are clinical conversation tools that facilitate shared decision‐making (SDM) between patients and health‐care providers. This study aimed to describe the development process and results of acceptability testing of a DA for individuals with stable schizophrenia, considering (i) whether to continue high‐dose antipsychotics or reduce to the standard dose and (ii) whether to continue two antipsychotics or shift to monotherapy.MethodsA DA was developed according to the guidelines for the appropriate use of psychotropic medications and International Patient Decision Aid Standards (IPDAS). First, a DA prototype was developed based on a previous systematic review and meta‐analysis conducted for identifying the effects of continuing or reducing antipsychotic treatment. Second, mixed‐method survey was performed among individuals with schizophrenia and health‐care providers to modify and finalize the DA.ResultsThe DA consisted of an explanation of schizophrenia, options to continue high‐dose antipsychotics or reduce to the standard dose, options to continue two antipsychotics or shift to monotherapy, pros and cons of each option, and a value‐clarification worksheet for each option. The patients (n = 20) reported acceptable language use (75%), adequate information (75%), and well‐balanced presentation (79%). Health‐care providers (n = 20) also provided favorable overall feedback. The final DA covered six IPDAS qualifying criteria.ConclusionA DA was successfully developed for schizophrenia, considering whether to reduce antipsychotics, which can be used in the SDM process.
Process optimization of continuous flax fiber/polylactic acid prepreg filaments toward high performance 3D‐printed composites
Authors: Yang Zhe , Zhang Zhongsen , Long Yu , Fu Kunkun , Li Yan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA novel process optimization was proposed by rotational vibration and structural design of flax yarns to manufacture large‐tow flax fiber prepreg filaments for 3D printing components with balanced efficiency and performance. It demonstrated that the untwisting of flax yarns generated by rotational vibration produced a dispersed yarn structure, which provided more flow channels for the polylactic acid (PLA) resin to infiltrate yarns. As for the structural design of yarns, the specific surface area increases after replacing the single yarn of large liner density with multiple fine yarns, which further shortens the impregnation time. Unidirectional continuous flax fiber‐reinforced thermoplastic (CFRTP) composites were obtained by 3D printing. The mechanical test results showed that the tensile properties of CFRTP composites were significantly increased using filaments consisting of multiple fine flax yarns and the aid of rotational vibration due to the improved impregnation of yarns with PLA resin.
Comprehensive characterization of 3D‐printed bamboo/poly(lactic acid) bio composites
Authors: Yilmaz Sinan , Gul Okan , Eyri Busra , Gamze Karsli Yilmaz N. , Yilmaz Taner 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn recent years, the use of additive manufacturing technologies especially fused deposition modeling (FDM), 3D printing, have been raised popularity. Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is one of the most widely used materials in FDM because it is suitable for biodegradation due to environmental problems. Therefore, to improve the properties of PLA and extend its lifespan, the material to be added to its structure must be of natural origin. In this study, mechanical, thermal, thermo‐mechanical, tribological, and morphological properties of composite materials manufactured using bamboo filled PLA filament by FDM method were investigated. The thermal properties of the samples were investigated by differential scanning calorimeter analysis, thermomechanical properties by dynamic mechanical thermal analysis, mechanical properties by tensile and three‐point bending test, and surface hardness by Shore D test. Since there are few studies in the literature examining the effects of 3D printing parameters on tribological properties, in this study, various layer thicknesses, top/bottom pattern, specimen face, and build plate surface type on the wear behavior were examined. Worn surfaces and fractured surfaces were investigated by SEM.