bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multi-parametric observations of intermittent hydrothermal water discharge in West Crater of Iwo-Yama volcano, Kirishima Volcanic Complex, Japan
Authors: Tanabe Harutou , Matsushima Takeshi , Aizawa Koki , Muramatsu Dan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractFrom April to July 2021, West Crater at Iwo-Yama, Kirishima Volcanic Complex, Japan, was repeatedly filled with hydrothermal water and subsequently evacuated. The overall cycle lasted 14–70 h, and the course of a single cycle followed this sequence of phases: (i) steam effusion disappeared 20–40 min before hydrothermal water discharge; (ii) hydrothermal water discharge occurred, generating a hydrothermal water pool; (iii) steam effusion resumed and gradually increased; and (iv) drain-back (evacuation) of the hydrothermal water occurred 1–1.5 h before the onset of the next hydrothermal water discharge. We used multi-parametric observations (optical camera, thermometer, electric self-potential (SP) electrodes, seismometer, acoustic sensor, and tiltmeter) to investigate the cause of the cyclic hydrothermal water discharge. A change in SP data occurred approximately 2 h before the onset of hydrothermal water discharge. However, the change in SP was small when hydrothermal water discharge did not occur. The temporal change in SP is inferred to have been caused by groundwater flow through the region below West Crater, implying that groundwater flow was occurring 2 h before hydrothermal water discharge. The polarity of SP change suggests that groundwater flowed toward the region underlying the vents. Seismic signals in the frequency range of < 20 Hz decreased 15–45 min after the onset of change in SP. This seismic signal pattern is inferred to have been caused by bubble activity in boiling fluid. We interpret that the inflow of cold groundwater inhibited boiling activity in the conduit, which in turn caused the cessation of both steam effusion and seismic activity. SP data suggest that the inflow of cold groundwater gradually decreased before hydrothermal water discharge. Pressurization sufficient to force the water in the upper part of the conduit to ascend could have built up in the lower part of the conduit owing to a decrease in the input of groundwater into the upper part of the conduit and the continuing supply of steam bubbles and hot water. This increase in pressure finally led to hydrothermal water discharge at the surface. We suggest that the inflow of cold groundwater into the geyser conduit was the key control on the occurrence and cyclicity of hydrothermal water discharge in West Crater at Iwo-Yama.
Graphical Abstract
Eruption style transition during the 2017–2018 eruptive activity at the Shinmoedake volcano, Kirishima, Japan: surface phenomena and eruptive products
Authors: Maeno Fukashi , Shohata Sayaka , Suzuki Yuki , Hokanishi Natsumi , Yasuda Atsushi , Ikenaga Yuya , Kaneko Takayuki , Nakada Setsuya 
Published: May 2023

AbstractRecent eruptions of the Shinmoedake volcano, Japan, have provided a valuable opportunity to investigate the transition between explosive and effusive eruptions. In October 2017, phreatic/phreatomagmatic explosions occurred. They were followed in March 2018 by a phase of hybrid activity with simultaneous explosions and lava flows and then a transition to intermittent, Vulcanian-style explosions. Evolution of surface phenomena, temporal variations of whole-rock chemical compositions from representative eruptive material samples, and rock microtextural properties, such as the crystallinity and crystal size distribution of juvenile products, are analyzed to characterize the eruption style transition, the conduit location, and the shallow magma conditions of the volcanic edifice. The 2017–2018 eruptive event is also compared with the preceding 2011 explosive–effusive eruption. The chemical and textural properties of the 2018 products (two types of pumice, ballistically ejected lava blocks, and massive lava) are representative of distinct cooling and magma ascent processes. The initial pumice, erupted during lava dome formation, has a groundmass crystallinity of up to 45% and the highest plagioclase number density of all products (1.9 × 106/mm3). Conversely, pumice that erupted later has the lowest plagioclase number density (1.2 × 105/mm3) and the highest nucleation density (23/mm4 in natural logarithm). This 2018 pumice is similar to the 2011 subplinian pumice. Therefore, it was likely produced by undegassed magma with a high discharge rate. Ballistics and massive lava in 2018 are comparable to the 2011 Vulcanian ballistics. Conversely, the high plagioclase number density pumice that occurred in 2018 was not observed during the 2011 eruption. Thus, such pumice might be specific to hybrid eruptions defined by small-scale explosions and lava dome formation with low magma discharge. The observed transitions and temporal variations of the activities and eruption style during the 2017–2018 Shinmoedake eruptions were primarily influenced by the ascent rate of andesitic magma and the geological structure beneath the summit crater.
Graphical Abstract
Risk factors associated with post-weaning diarrhoea in Austrian piglet-producing farms
Authors: René Renzhammer , Sebastian Vetter , Marlies Dolezal , Lukas Schwarz , Annemarie Käsbohrer , Andrea Ladinig 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPost-weaning diarrhoea (PWD) is a frequent, multifactorial disease of piglets leading to increased mortality rates and high economic losses. Due to the emergence of multi-resistant Escherichia coli isolates and the ban of zinc oxide (ZnO) in the EU since June 2022, alternative measures to prevent PWD are urgently needed. While an abundance of feed supplements is described to prevent PWD, there are hardly any studies reflecting the current situation of PWD in the field. Thus, we aimed to identify differences in management practices, housing and feeding strategies between farms with PWD and farms without PWD. Data were personally collected using a semi-structured questionnaire in 257 Austrian piglet-producing farms. Farms with PWD in more than 10% of all weaned groups within twelve months prior to data collection were defined as case farms (n = 101), while the remaining 136 farms were defined as control farms. Data from 237 farms and 69 explanatory variables were analysed via penalized binary logistic regression using elastic-net in 100 different splits into randomly selected training and test datasets (80:20). Treatment with ZnO and/or colistin (136 farms) was negatively associated with PWD in all splits and had the biggest estimated absolute log odds ratio out of all tested variables. Implementation of an all-in/all-out system in the nursery units and administration of probiotics or horseradish also had preventive effects in most splits (≥ 97%). A higher number of feeding phases for piglets within the first seven weeks of life and housing on fully slatted floors was associated negatively with the occurrence of PWD as well in > 95% of all splits. PWD was more likely to occur on farms having problems with neonatal diarrhoea or postpartum dysgalactia syndrome. While our data demonstrate that treatment with ZnO or colistin had the biggest statistical effect on PWD, we were able to identify other preventive measures like supplementation with probiotics or horseradish. Since implementation of all-in/all-out measures and fully slatted floors were also negatively associated with the occurrence of PWD on visited farms, we assume that reduction of bacterial load by the implementation of simple hygiene measures are still crucial to prevent PWD.
Gut Microbiota Composition and Functionality Are Associated With REM Sleep Duration and Continuous Glucose Levels
Authors: Arnoriaga-Rodríguez María , Leal Yenny , Mayneris-Perxachs Jordi , Pérez-Brocal Vicente , Moya Andrés , Ricart Wifredo , Fernández-Balsells Mercè , Fernández-Real José Manuel 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Context
Sleep disruption is associated with worse glucose metabolic control and altered gut microbiota in animal models.

Objective
We aimed to evaluate the possible links among rapid eye movement (REM) sleep duration, continuous glucose levels, and gut microbiota composition.

Methods
This observational, prospective, real-life, cross-sectional case-control study included 118 (60 with obesity), middle-aged (39.1-54.8 years) healthy volunteers recruited at a tertiary hospital. Glucose variability and REM sleep duration were assessed by 10-day continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) (Dexcom G6) and wrist actigraphy (Fitbit Charge 3), respectively. The coefficient of variation (CV), interquartile range (IQR), and SD of glucose variability was assessed and the percentage of time in range (% TIR), at 126-139 mg/dL (TIR2), and 140-199 mg/dL (TIR3) were calculated. Shotgun metagenomics sequencing was applied to study gut microbiota taxonomy and functionality.

Results
Increased glycemic variability (SD, CV, and IQR) was observed among subjects with obesity in parallel to increased % TIR2 and % TIR3. REM sleep duration was independently associated with % TIR3 (β = −.339; P &lt; .001) and glucose variability (SD, β = −.350; P &lt; .001). Microbial taxa from the Christensenellaceae family (Firmicutes phylum) were positively associated with REM sleep and negatively with CGM levels, while bacteria from Enterobacteriacea family and bacterial functions involved in iron metabolism showed opposite associations.

Conclusion
Decreased REM sleep duration was independently associated with a worse glucose profile. The associations of species from Christensenellaceae and Enterobacteriaceae families with REM sleep duration and continuous glucose values suggest an integrated picture of metabolic health.
The impact of cell size on morphogen gradient precision
Authors: Adelmann Jan A. , Vetter Roman , Iber Dagmar 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
Tissue patterning during embryonic development is remarkably precise. Here, we numerically determine the impact of the cell diameter, gradient length and the morphogen source on the variability of morphogen gradients. We show that the positional error increases with the gradient length relative to the size of the morphogen source, and with the square root of the cell diameter and the readout position. We provide theoretical explanations for these relationships, and show that they enable high patterning precision over developmental time for readouts that scale with expanding tissue domains, as observed in the Drosophila wing disc. Our analysis suggests that epithelial tissues generally achieve higher patterning precision with small cross-sectional cell areas. An extensive survey of measured apical cell areas shows that they are indeed small in developing tissues that are patterned by morphogen gradients. Enhanced precision may thus have led to the emergence of pseudostratification in epithelia, a phenomenon for which the evolutionary benefit had so far remained elusive.
THE ROLE OF INSTITUTIONAL FACTORS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL BUSINESS IN THE DIGITAL ECONOMY
Authors: Kuzmina Larisa A. 
Published: May 2023

The purpose of the article is to theoretically substantiate the influence of institutional factors and, above all, the institutional environment on the development of small business in the conditions of digitalization of the economy. The quality of the institutional environment largely determines the possibilities of unlocking its potential Today, it can be clearly stated that the Russian institutional environment is very unstable due to the crisis situation caused by the tightening of sanctions. Small business has not yet recovered from the pandemic, and the increasing uncertainty in the Russian economy cannot but affect the expectations of small businesses. Small business incomes do not only lack growth, they are shrinking. All this confirms the need to adjust the institutions and mechanisms of the system of state support for small business, taking into account its capabilities in the digital economy. Small businesses objectively feel the need to use digital technologies in their activities, because they allow you to expand its capabilities. This further actualizes the need for systemic measures to support it in various fields of activity in the context of digital transformation.
In the study of the tasks set, the methods of theoretical analysis were used: the method of scientific abstraction, statistical analysis, the method of expert assessments, as well as synthesis, deduction and induction.
METHODS FOR CONCLUDING CONTRACTS IN COMMERCE: THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL EXPERIENCE OF CONCEPTUALIZATION
Authors: Bolshakova Valentina M. , Amosov Artur A. , Naumov Petr Y. 
Published: May 2023

Relevance. An attribute of civilization and the development of legality in society is the proclamation of norms that the right to free use and disposal of one’s abilities and property for entrepreneurial and other economic activities is granted to each subject. At the same time, one of the constitutionally significant values of commercial law is that any obstacles to the free movement of goods, services and finances on the territory of Russia are not allowed.
Purpose, materials and methods. Free trade is a basic principle and human right in a democratic society and the rule of law. This principle provides the possibility of developing foreign and domestic trade, and as a result, the development of the country’s economy, increasing the prestige and influence of the state in the international arena. Restrictions on the freedom of movement of goods may be introduced, but only in exceptional cases and only in accordance with federal law, if it is necessary for the security of the country, the protection and protection of life, human health and cultural values. From the foregoing, it follows that today there are various forms and ways of doing business and trade in Russia. At present, the role of commercial law and its development in the life of society and the state is increasing. Trade turnover ensures the freedom of choice of goods on the market and their availability for everyone. In this regard, the correct drafting and conclusion of contracts in trade is of great importance. However, at the present stage, the issues of an integrated approach to studying the specifics of concluding contracts in trade turnover, due to the complexity of the formation of a doctrinal approach to this topic, remain not fully developed. This is also dictated by the fact that the concept of «contract in trade» is quite new for Russian law. Such agreements are randomly located in various legislative acts, and sometimes their actual appearance is ahead of the legislator, in addition, law enforcement practice in this area is not formed at a sufficient level.
Research results. The article presents the main scientific results of the generalization of ideas about the methods of concluding contracts in trade in circulation. Their essence and modern meaning are also revealed. Current recommendations for improving legislation in this area are also presented. Key words: trade turnover, contract, method of concluding a contract, contract in trade turnover, commercial contract, seller, supplier, buyer, offer, acceptance.
Analytic Framework to Improve Access for a State Medicaid Agency
Authors: Lewis Dwight , Freeman Nickolas , Orgut Irem Sengul , Tyner Thera , Tramp Ryan , Biligowda Niranjan , Hudnall Matthew , Yang Xin Thomas , English Thomas , Whitman Marilyn , Samsel Steven , Cochran James , Cambron Barry , Rush Danny , Seetala Kumari , Parton Jason 
Published: May 2023

Analytics can help identify strategies to improve the equity and capacity of health services for populations. However, many government agencies experience challenges with heavy workloads, limited time for continued analytic education, and employee turnover among contracted staff. Therefore, streamlining analytical workflows has the potential to (1) improve labor cost-efficiencies and (2) identify strategies to improve health among enrollees. We describe an analytic framework design that automates several empirical methods and provides recommendations for increasing healthcare access for Alabama Medicaid Agency (AMA) enrollees. The described framework, which includes descriptive and prescriptive elements, has been successfully used to inform various day-to-day analyses conducted by AMA’s Analytics Department and comprehensively analyze AMA-enrolled youths’ accessibility to licensed dentists. Specifically, in the dental context, the framework assisted in identifying (1) dental procedures that were ideal candidates for increased reimbursement payments and (2) geographical locations that AMA should target for interventions to improve physical access to care for AMA’s youth enrollees. The insights offered by the framework for dental care impact more than 0.5 million underserved youth and roughly $90 million of annual revenue for licensed dentists through reimbursements. History: This paper was refereed. Funding: D. Lewis, J. Parton, M. Hudnall, R. Tramp, X. T. Yang, and S. Samsel received salary support from the Alabama Medicaid Agency during the execution of this study. B. Cambron, T. Tyner, N. Biligowda, and D. Rush were employed at the Alabama Medicaid Agency during the execution of this study. The other authors do not declare the receipt of funding associated with entities affiliated with this study.
Testing Pricing Errors of Models with Latent Factors and Firm Characteristics as Covariances
Authors: Zhang Chu 
Published: May 2023

This paper extends the methodology of statistically extracting latent factors in settings with return-predictive firm characteristics as conditional covariances (betas) between returns and factors. The main feature is that the pricing errors (alphas) are specified to be orthogonal to the affine-transformed firm characteristics as the betas with one component of pricing errors lying outside the space spanned by the firm characteristics. The specification is shown to make substantial differences with the extant literature as the zero pricing error hypothesis is strongly rejected for various models with commonly used firm characteristics. This paper was accepted by Agostino Capponi, finance. Supplemental Material: Data are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.4768 .
Quality Strategies in Network Markets
Authors: Chan Lester T. 
Published: May 2023

This paper studies network market problems in which firm(s)/platform(s) sets quality in addition to price. A well-established result in the network economics literature is that a profit-maximizing firm concerns only how quality is valued by the marginal consumer but not by inframarginal consumers, aka the Spence effect/distortion. For markets with strong network effects under which multiple market-tipping equilibria exist, I show that the validity of the previous result depends on the choice of the equilibrium selection criterion. Precisely, I show that all criteria commonly used in this literature give rise to the Spence effect, whereas the well-justified risk dominance criterion in game theory and its generalizations do not. Novel quality strategies are derived based on the latter criteria. This paper was accepted by Joshua Gans, business strategy.
Transporting Play
Authors: Grimmer Tamsin 
Published: May 2023

In the last article of this series about schematic play, early years consultant and trainer, Tamsin Grimmer, discusses ways to encourage different types of transporting play. This can allow children to explore their interest in, and build an understanding of, concepts such as space, shape, volume, capacity, distance and how we move things around. Transporting – children move objects from one area to another, sometimes with their hands, in bags or via doll prams or trolleys. They may like to push their friends around in pushchairs or transport sand/water from one area to another.
Ecological interactions of sand flies, hosts, and Leishmania panamensis in an endemic area of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Colombia
Authors: Posada-López Laura , Velez-Mira Andrés , Cantillo Omar , Castillo-Castañeda Adriana , Ramírez Juan David , Galati Eunice A. B. , Galvis-Ovallos Fredy 
Published: May 2023

Background
The transmission dynamics of leishmaniasis are complex. There is also a lack of information about the ecological relationships between the vector/host/parasite at a more local and specific level. The Andean region concentrates more than 50% of Colombia’s cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) cases. The study of the ecological interactions of sand flies through the identification of blood sources has provided information on the female’s opportunistic behavior, feeding on various hosts. Therefore, this study aimed to determine sand flies’ ecological interactions with Leishmania parasites and their blood sources in an endemic area of CL.

Results
A total of 4,621 sand flies were collected, comprising 20 species, in which the most abundant were Nyssomyia yuilli yuilli (55.4%), Psychodopygus ayrozai (14.5%) and Ps. panamensis (13.4%). Sequences of 12S gene fragment were analyzed using the BLASTn search tool. Blood-meal source identification was successfully performed for 47 sand flies, detecting seven vertebrate species, human and armadillo being the most frequent. Leishmania DNA was amplified in four female pools, constituted by Ny. yuilli yuilli and Ps. ayrozai, and the identification through RFLP detected Leishmania (Viannia) panamensis in the positive pools.

Conclusions
The interactions between the sand fly species, local mammalian fauna and the Leishmania parasite in this active focus of CL, provide evidence of the potential role of two different species in the maintenance of the parasite transmission, important information for the understanding of the ecoepidemiology and transmission dynamics of the disease in Andean endemic areas. However its necessary further evaluations of the vector and host competence in the transmission and maintenance of Leishmania spp, in these complex and diverse areas.
Cancer survival in the United States 2007–2016: Results from the National Program of Cancer Registries
Authors: Ellington Taylor D. , Henley S. Jane , Wilson Reda J. , Senkomago Virginia , Wu Manxia , Benard Vicki , Richardson Lisa C. 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundCancer survival has improved for the most common cancers. However, less improvement and lower survival has been observed in some groups perhaps due to differential access to cancer care including prevention, screening, diagnosis, and treatment.MethodsTo further understand contemporary relative cancer survival (one- and five- year), we used survival data from CDC’s National Program of Cancer Registries (NPCR) for cancers diagnosed during 2007–2016. We examined overall relative cancer survival by sex, race and ethnicity, age, and county-level metropolitan and non-metropolitan status. Relative cancer survival by metropolitan and non-metropolitan status was further examined by sex, race and ethnicity, age, and cancer type.ResultsAmong persons with cancer diagnosed during 2007–2016 the overall one-year and five-year relative survival was 80.6% and 67.4%, respectively. One-year relative survival for persons living in metropolitan counties was 81.1% and 77.8% among persons living in non-metropolitan counties. We found that persons who lived in non-metropolitan counties had lower survival than those who lived in metropolitan counties, and this difference persisted across sex, race and ethnicity, age, and most cancer types.ConclusionFurther examination of the differences in cancer survival by cancer type or other characteristics might be helpful for identifying potential interventions, such as programs that target screening and early detection or strategies to improve access to high quality cancer treatment and follow-up care, that could improve long-term outcomes.ImpactThis analysis provided a high-level overview of contemporary cancer survival in the United States.