bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
First‐Principles Study on Electronic and Thermal Transport Properties of FeRuTiX Quaternary Heusler Compounds (X=Si, Ge, Sn)
Authors: Singh Saurabh , Singh Shubham , Srinivasan Bhuvanesh , Kumar Ashish , Bijewar Nitinkumar , Mori Takao , Takeuchi Tsunehiro , Halet Jean‐François 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe structural, electronic, thermal and lattice thermal transport properties of the three hypothetical quaternary Heusler alloys FeRuTiX (X=Si, Ge, Sn) were investigated with the aid of first‐principles calculations. All compounds were found to be semiconducting with a small indirect band gap. Flat bands near the conduction band edge and degenerate multi‐bands near the valance band edge suggest that these systems should exhibit both large Seebeck coefficients and good electrical conductivity. The analysis of the calculated vibrational spectra showed that the three compounds are thermodynamically stable. The computed lattice thermal conductivity indicates that among the three compounds that of FeRuTiSn is rather low at high temperature. Indeed, a low lattice thermal conductivity (∼3.5 Wm−1 K−1 at 1000 K) together with a small electronic band gap (0.51 eV) with an appropriate electronic structure (disperse and flat bands) render FeRuTiSn a promising candidate as a high‐temperature thermoelectric material.
One-loop gravitational bremsstrahlung and waveforms from a heavy-mass effective field theory
Authors: Brandhuber Andreas , Brown Graham R. , Chen Gang , De Angelis Stefano , Gowdy Joshua , Travaglini Gabriele 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Using a heavy-mass effective field theory (HEFT), we study gravitational-wave emission in the scattering of two spinless black holes or neutron stars of arbitrary masses at next-to-leading order in the Post-Minkowskian expansion. We compute the contributions to the one-loop scattering amplitude with four scalars and one graviton which are relevant to the calculation of the waveforms, also presenting expressions of classical tree-level amplitudes with four scalars and up to two radiated gravitons. The latter are obtained using a novel on-shell recursion relation for classical amplitudes with four scalars and an arbitrary number of gravitons. Our one-loop five-point amplitude is expressed in terms of a single family of master integrals with the principal value prescription for linearised massive propagators, which we evaluate using differential equations. In our HEFT approach, soft/heavy-mass expansions of complete integrands are avoided, and all hyper-classical iterations and quantum corrections are dropped at the diagrammatic level, thereby computing directly contributions to classical physics. Our result exhibits the expected factorisation of infrared divergences, the correct soft limits, and highly nontrivial cancellations of spurious poles. Finally, using our amplitude result we compute numerically the corresponding next-to-leading corrections to the spectral waveforms and the far-field time-domain waveforms using the Newman-Penrose scalar Ψ4.
What’s been Hapten-ing over the last 88 years?
Authors: Thomson Paul , Hammond Sean , Meng Xiaoli , Naisbitt Dean J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDefinition of the relationship between drug protein adduct formation (haptenation) and development of immunological adverse drug reactions (drug hypersensitivity) has been an area of active research for over 80 years. The hapten hypothesis which states that “immunogenicity of low molecular weight organic chemicals is dependent on modification of self-proteins,” evolved from Landsteiner and Jacob’s discovery of a correlation between the reactivity of dinitro-halogenated benzenes and their sensitization potential. The hypothesis rapidly evolved to encompass drugs that often require metabolic activation to generate electrophilic, protein-reactive intermediates. As tissue culture methods advanced, the importance of drug hapten-specific T-cells in the disease pathogenesis was defined. This led to a plethora of studies describing the uptake and processing of drug(metabolite) protein adducts by antigen presenting cells, and the subsequent surface display of hapten-modified peptides in the context of MHC molecules. Although the pathway of hapten-specific T-cell activation is now well established, several questions need to be addressed: first, what is the nature of the hapten-modified peptides displayed by MHC? Second, how many of these peptides stimulate T-cells?; third, what are the critical protein modifications involved in T-cell activation; and finally, what is the role of hapten-specific T-cells in the iatrogenic disease? These questions will become increasingly important as more and more targeted covalent binding inhibitor drugs are approved for human use. In this review, we provide a brief synopsis of hapten research and then describe the approaches used by Pharma and academia to study hapten covalent binding and the role of drug protein adducts in the activation of human T-cells.
A new map of the rat isocortex and proisocortex: cytoarchitecture and M2 receptor distribution patterns
Authors: Haghir Hossein , Kuckertz Anika , Zhao Ling , Hami Javad , Palomero-Gallagher Nicola 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNeurotransmitters and their receptors are key molecules in information transfer between neurons, thus enabling inter-areal communication. Therefore, multimodal atlases integrating the brain’s cyto- and receptor architecture constitute crucial tools to understand the relationship between its structural and functional segregation. Cholinergic muscarinic M2 receptors have been shown to be an evolutionarily conserved molecular marker of primary sensory areas in the mammalian brain. To complement existing rodent atlases, we applied a silver cell body staining and quantitative in vitro receptor autoradiographic visualization of M2 receptors to alternating sections throughout the entire brain of five adult male Wistar rats (three sectioned coronally, one horizontally, one sagittally). Histological sections and autoradiographs were scanned at a spatial resolution of 1 µm and 20 µm per pixel, respectively, and files were stored as 8 bit images. We used these high-resolution datasets to create an atlas of the entire rat brain, including the olfactory bulb, cerebellum and brainstem. We describe the cyto- and M2 receptor architectonic features of 48 distinct iso- and proisocortical areas across the rat forebrain and provide their mean M2 receptor density. The ensuing parcellation scheme, which is discussed in the framework of existing comprehensive atlasses, includes the novel subdivision of mediomedial secondary visual area Oc2MM into anterior (Oc2MMa) and posterior (Oc2MMp) parts, and of lateral visual area Oc2L into rostrolateral (Oc2Lr), intermediate dorsolateral (Oc2Lid), intermediate ventrolateral (Oc2Liv) and caudolateral (Oc2Lc) secondary visual areas. The M2 receptor densities and the comprehensive map of iso-and proisocortical areas constitute useful tools for future computational and neuroscientific studies.
Cardiorespiratory fitness and health-related quality of life in survivors of childhood central nervous system tumours
Authors: Keating Rachael , Curry Sarah , Hussey Juliette 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose
We assessed cardiorespiratory fitness and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in survivors of childhood central nervous system (CNS) tumours.

Methods
Participants were recruited from the National Children’s Cancer Service in Children’s Health Ireland at Crumlin. Inclusion criteria included diagnosis of a primary CNS tumour, aged between 6 and 17 years, between 3 months and 5 years post completion of oncology treatment, independently mobile, and deemed clinically appropriate to participate by treating oncologist. Cardiorespiratory fitness was assessed using the six-minute walk test. HRQoL was assessed with the PedsQL Generic Core Scales, Version 4.0.

Results
Thirty-four participants (n = 16 male) were recruited, with a mean age of 12.21 ± 3.31 years and a mean time since completion of oncology treatment of 2.19 ± 1.29 years. Mean six-minute walk distance (6MWD) achieved was 489.56 ± 61.48 m, equating to the 8th percentile overall. 6MWD was significantly reduced when compared to predicted population norms (p < 0.001). PedsQL parent proxy-report and child-report scores were significantly lower when compared to healthy paediatric norms (p < 0.001 – p = 0.011). A significant positive correlation was found between 6MWD and both parent proxy-report (r = 0.55, p < 0.001) and child-report (r = 0.48, p = 0.005) PedsQL total scores.

Conclusion
Survivors of childhood CNS tumours present with impaired cardiorespiratory fitness and HRQoL. Higher levels of cardiorespiratory fitness are associated with higher levels of HRQoL.

Implications for Cancer Survivors
Routine screening of cardiorespiratory fitness and HRQoL in survivors of childhood CNS tumours may be beneficial. Healthcare providers should encourage and provide education on the potential benefits of physical activity to improve overall quality of life.
A family of consistent normally distributed tests for Poissonity
Authors: Di Noia Antonio , Marcheselli Marzia , Pisani Caterina , Pratelli Luca 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA family of consistent tests, derived from a characterization of the probability generating function, is proposed for assessing Poissonity against a wide class of count distributions, which includes some of the most frequently adopted alternatives to the Poisson distribution. Actually, the family of test statistics is based on the difference between the plug-in estimator of the Poisson cumulative distribution function and the empirical cumulative distribution function. The test statistics have an intuitive and simple form and are asymptotically normally distributed, allowing a straightforward implementation of the test. The finite sample properties of the test are investigated by means of an extensive simulation study. The test shows satisfactory behaviour compared to other tests with known limit distribution.
What are the key mechanical mechanisms governing integrin-mediated cell migration in three-dimensional fiber networks?
Authors: Paukner Daniel , Eichinger Jonas F. , Cyron Christian J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCell migration plays a vital role in numerous processes such as development, wound healing, or cancer. It is well known that numerous complex mechanisms are involved in cell migration. However, so far it remains poorly understood what are the key mechanisms required to produce the main characteristics of this behavior. The reason is a methodological one. In experimental studies, specific factors and mechanisms can be promoted or inhibited. However, while doing so, there can always be others in the background which play key roles but which have simply remained unattended so far. This makes it very difficult to validate any hypothesis about a minimal set of factors and mechanisms required to produce cell migration. To overcome this natural limitation of experimental studies, we developed a computational model where cells and extracellular matrix fibers are represented by discrete mechanical objects on the micrometer scale. In this model, we had exact control of the mechanisms by which cells and matrix fibers interacted with each other. This enabled us to identify the key mechanisms required to produce physiologically realistic cell migration (including advanced phenomena such as durotaxis and a biphasic relation between migration efficiency and matrix stiffness). We found that two main mechanisms are required to this end: a catch-slip bond of individual integrins and cytoskeletal actin-myosin contraction. Notably, more advanced phenomena such as cell polarization or details of mechanosensing were not necessary to qualitatively reproduce the main characteristics of cell migration observed in experiments.
Rice straw for energy and value-added products in China: a review
Authors: Alengebawy Ahmed , Ran Yi , Ghimire Nirmal , Osman Ahmed I. , Ai Ping 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe rise of global waste and the decline of fossil fuels are calling for recycling waste into energy and materials. For example, rice straw, a by-product of rice cultivation, can be converted into biogas and by-products with added value, e.g., biofertilizer, yet processing rice straw is limited by the low energy content, high ash and silica, low nitrogen, high moisture, and high-quality variability. Here, we review the recycling of rice straw with focus on the global and Chinese energy situations, conversion of rice straw into energy and gas, biogas digestate management, cogeneration, biogas upgrading, bioeconomy, and life cycle assessment. The quality of rice straw can be improved by pretreatments, such as baling, ensiling, and co-digestion of rice straw with other feedstocks. The biogas digestate can be used to fertilize soils. The average annual potential energy of collectable rice straw, with a lower heating value of 15.35 megajoule/kilogram, over the past ten years (2013–2022) could reach 2.41 × 109 megajoule.
MicroRNAs in tumor stem cells
Authors: Hu Xiaochen , Yang Junqiang , Yang Ruijie , Yang Ruina , Wang Xinshuai , Gao Shegan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs that are believed to have a significant role in tumorigenesis and cancer metastasis. Cancer stem cells play a major role in tumor recurrence, metastasis, and drug resistance. Research has shown that miRNAs can promote or inhibit the stemness of cancer stem cells and regulate the differentiation and self-renewal of cancer stem cells. In this article, the phenotype and regulatory mechanisms of miRNAs in cancer stem cells will be described, together with an explanation of their potential role in tumor diagnosis and treatment.
Improving patient care and accuracy of given doses in radiation therapy using in vivo dosimetry verification ⁎
Authors: Shawata Ahmed Shawky , El Nimr Tarek , Elshahat Khaled M. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
This work aims to verify and improve the dose given for cancer patients in radiation therapy by using diodes to enhance patient in vivo dosimetry on a routine basis. Some characteristics of two available semi-conductor diode dosimetry systems were evaluated.

Methods
The diodes had been calibrated to read the dose at Dmax below the surface. Correction factors of clinical relevance were quantified to convert the diode readings into patient dose. The diode was irradiated at various gantry angles (increments of 45°), various Field Sizes and various Source to Surface Distances (SSDs).

Results
The maximal response variation in the angular response with respect to an arbitrary angle of 0° was 1.9%, and the minimum variation was 0.5%. The response of the diode with respect to various field sizes showed the minimum and the maximum variations in the measured dose from the diode; the calculated doses were -1.6% (for 5 cm × 5 cm field size) and 6.6% (for 40 cm × 40 cm field size). The diode exhibited a significant perturbation in the response, which decreased with increasing SSD. No discrepancies larger than 5% were detected between the expected dose and the measured dose.

Conclusion
The results indicate that the diodes exhibit excellent linearity, dose reproducibility and minimal anisotropy; that they can be used with confidence for patient dose verification. Furthermore, diodes render real time verification of the dose delivered to patients.
Effect of dendritic cell/cytokine-induced killer cell immunobiological cancer therapy combined with adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with triple-negative breast cancer ⁎
Authors: Zhang Ranran , Xie Wanqing , Han Tao , Liu Yongye , Liu Zhaozhe , Guo Fang , Han Yaling , Ding Zhenyu , Sun Yinghui , Ma Dongchu , Xie Xiaodong 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of dendritic cell (DC)/cytokine-induced killer cell (CIK) immunobiological cancer therapy in patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) who underwent adjuvant chemotherapy.

Methods
From January 2010 to October 2013, 120 patients with postoperative TNBC were recruited and included in the study. Patients were enrolled in one of two groups according to whether they accepted DC/CIK immunobiological cancer therapy during adjuvant chemotherapy; the patients in the DC/CIK group underwent adjuvant chemotherapy combined with DC/CIK immunobiological cancer therapy, and the control group underwent adjuvant chemotherapy alone. When six cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy and six cycles of DC/CIK immunobiological cancer therapy had been completed, differences between the two groups with regard to quality of life (QoL), immunological indicators (CD3, CD4, CD8, and NK cell levels), disease-free survival (DFS), and side effects of chemotherapy and DC/CIK treatment were evaluated.

Results
In the DC/CIK group, the proportion of NK cells and CD3+ and CD4+ T-cell subgroups significantly increased, and the proportion of CD8+ cells decreased when they were compared before and after DC/CIK therapy (P < 0.05). However, there were no significant changes in the control group. By the final follow-up, DFS of the treatment group and the control group was 38.4 and 34.2 months, respectively. The QoL improved in the patients treated with chemotherapy plus DC/CIK therapy compared with the patients treated with chemotherapy alone, and the difference between groups was significant (P < 0.05). The side effects of two groups were tolerable and not significantly different between the two groups.

Conclusion
The DC/CIK treatment had potential benefits for patients with TNBC compared with the control group, and was not associated with any obvious side effects. Therefore, DC/CIK therapy is a safe and effective method for the treatment of TNBC.
Research progress of the role of HGF/c-Met in the proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis and metastasis of cancer
Authors: Su Honghui , Fan Hongjun , Su Huiling 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The HGF/c-Met pathway plays an important role in the proliferation, invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis of tumors. With the successful development of small molecule c-Met kinase inhibitors, this signal pathway has become the focus of oncology research. In this review, we discuss the basic mechanism, targeted therapy, and early results of clinical trials of the HGF/c-Met pathway.
Efficacy analysis and multi-factor retrospective study of third-line chemotherapy in 82 Chinese patients with small cell lung cancer ⁎
Authors: Liu Jingjing , Zhang Shuang , Ma Lixia , Wu Chunjiao , Yang Changliang , Zuo Xuerong , Cheng Ying 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
As there is currently no clear recommendation for third-line chemotherapy for small cell lung cancer (SCLC), its efficacy is unknown. To date, there have rarely been reports of Chinese patients with SCLC who received third-line chemotherapy. Therefore, we investigated the efficacy, safety, and prognostic factors of Chinese patients with SCLC treated with third-line chemotherapy.

Methods
A retrospective analysis of patients with SCLC who received third-line chemotherapy was performed.

Results
Between 2007 and 2013, 82 patients [62 men (75.6%), 20 women (24.4%); median age at the time of diagnosis, 55 years] received third-line chemotherapy at our center. Of these patients, 44 had limited-stage disease and 38 had extensive-stage disease. On third-line chemotherapy, 55 (67.1%) patients had an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG PS) of 0-1, objective response rate of 15.9%, and median overall survival after third-line chemotherapy (OS-3) and median progression-free survival after third-line chemotherapy (PFS-3) of 5.6 months and 3.0 months, respectively. On univariate analysis, PFS-3 was significantly related with ECOG PS (P = 0.005), response to second-line chemotherapy (P = 0.002), response to third-line chemotherapy (P < 0.001), and PFS after second-line chemotherapy (P = 0.026). OS-3 was significantly related with ECOG PS (P < 0.001), response to thirdline chemotherapy (P = 0.033), PFS after first-line therapy (P = 0.044), and PFS after second-line therapy (PFS-2) (P = 0.007). On multivariate analysis, ECOG PS (P = 0.008) and response to third-line chemotherapy (P = 0.046) were independent prognostic factors for PFS-3, while ECOG PS (P = 0.007) and PFS-2 (P < 0.001) were independent prognostic factors for OS-3.

Conclusion
Few patients with SCLC receive third-line chemotherapy. Our findings suggest that patients with an ECOG PS 0-1 and PFS-2 for >3 months will be benefit from third-line chemotherapy, which should be actively offered to them.
Vascular endothelial growth factor and microvessel density for detection and prognostic evaluation of invasive breast cancer ⁎
Authors: Yang Lukui , Li Long , Cui Xiangyu , Yang Dalei 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the distribution of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and CD105-microvessel density (MVD) in invasive breast carcinomas. We also aimed to analyze the relationship between VEGF and MVD expression with other standard prognostic parameters associated with invasive breast cancer, such as size, grade, stage of the cancer, metastases, and tumor recurrence.

Methods
Immunohistochemistry via the Ultra SensitiveTM S-P method was used to detect VEGF and MVD expression in 128 cases of invasive breast carcinoma. Specimens were evaluated for CD105 expression. Positively stained microvessels were counted in dense vascular foci under 400× magnification. MVD in the peripheral area adjacent to the lesion and in the central area within the lesion in invasive breast carcinomas and benign leisions groups were also assessed. Fifty cases of benign breast disease tissue were selected as the control group.

Results
Results showed that 64.1% of invasive breast cancer samples were VEGF-positive, higher than in benign breast disease tissue (22.0%, P < 0.05). There was a positive correlation between VEGF overexpression and histological grade, lymph node metastasis, and distant metastasis of invasive breast cancer. VEGF expression was not related to age or size of the tumor (P > 0.05). MVD of the peripheral area adjacent to the lesion was significantly higher than those central area within the lesion in both invasive breast cancer and benign breast disease groups (P < 0.01 for each group). There were significant differences in the mean CD105-MVD, between invasive breast tumors with a histological grade of I or II and grade III; between tumors with lymph node or distant metastasis; and between patients with or without recurrence (P < 0.05). However, there was no difference in the mean MVD between the two age groups (≤ 50 years vs. > 50 years) or the two tumor diameter groups (≤ 2 cm vs. > 2 cm), P > 0.05.

Conclusion
Overexpression of VEGF and MVD may be important biological markers for invasion and lymph node and distant metastases of invasive breast cancer. Combined detection of the two tumor markers could provide better prognostic monitoring for disease recurrence and metastasis, as well as aid with clinical staging of breast tumors. Prediction of the risk for metastasis and recurrence, as well as recurrence patterns based on VEGF and MVD post-surgery, could aid design of better follow-up regimens and appropriate treatment strategies for breast cancer patients.