bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatial-Temporal Changes of Limoto Wetland Land Use/Cover Before, During and After Restoration Activities in Eastern Uganda
Authors: Ochoko John , Barasa Bernad , Luyiga Suzan , Magaya John 
Published: May 2023

Purpose: Limoto Wetland is an arm of the Mpologoma wetland system in the Kyoga basin and is a vital ecosystem that supports rural livelihoods through the provision of various ecological goods and services. However, this ecosystem has been undergoing rapid degradation arising from competing land uses particularly paddy rice growing. In turn, this led to reduced capacity of the wetland to provide ecosystem services, thereby reducing the resilience of both the ecosystem and the livelihoods of adjacent communities. Interventions through a restoration program that introduced alternative livelihood options were instituted. It’s important to document these changes to obtain insights that can aid decision-making for effective restoration and conservation. This study, therefore, sought to examine the spatial-temporal changes in Limoto wetland land use/cover transitions for the years 2015, 2020, and 2022.
Methodology: To quantify the wetland changes, remotely sensed imageries for 2015, 2020, and 2022 were utilized in classifying land use and land cover dynamics on Limoto Wetland through the Maximum Likelihood algorithm. A total of 500 points were collected from different land use/cover types and used as reference points to develop the image error matrices. Overall accuracy, producer’s and user’s accuracies as well as Kappa statistics were generated from the error matrices. A Kappa test was carried out to measure the extent of classification accuracy; the Kappa coefficient, K, being a coefficient of agreement. It reflects the difference between the actual agreement of classification with reference data and the agreement expected by chance.
Findings: Results generally showed that five years after the restoration program (2020), Limoto wetlands regained over 50% of previously converted wetlands to farming. Papyrus coverage also more than doubled from 3.4% to 11.35% of the total wetland coverage. Farms degraded over the past years (1986-2019). However, in 2022, wetland coverage declined drastically as farming took up more than half of the coverage (55%) land, and built-up areas also increased. These changes between 2015-2020 were majorly driven by the introduction of alternative livelihood options which vacated communities from the wetland.
Recommendation: The changes after 2020 were due to the unsustainability of the livelihood options and the effects of the Covid-19 lockdown which rendered only farming as the socio-economic activity, coupled with movement restrictions that curtailed monitoring and control of activities in wetlands by enforcers. The study recommends community-tailored, tenable, and sustainable alternative livelihood options to influence community-led wetland restoration and conservation to curb the continuous loss of this wetland.
Organ Donation and Transplantation and Their Ethics in the Light of Islamic Shariah
Authors: Fazli Fazal , Hemat Toryalai 
Published: May 2023

Purpose: Organ donation and transplantation are practices that are supported by all of the world's major religions, including Sikhism, Christianity, Hinduism, and Judaism. Recent developments in the fields of organ donation and organ transplantation have sparked a renewed sense of optimism for the treatment of critical illnesses. The jurists permitted organ transplants on the basis of certain principles, including ownership and categories of property. On the other hand, moralists strive to deny the ownership of human organs by using principles such as faith and Almighty Allah’s absolute authority. Then main objective of this research paper is on one hand to identify and emphasize arguments for and against organ donation and transplantation in the framework of scared provisions of Islam and its corresponding legal requirements and on the other hand to understand and teach the people that not only Islam allows organ donation but also encourage its followers to assist one another and make an effort to promote organ donations in society.
Methodology: The doctrinal methodology. Explanatory and analytical research approaches are used in this work. It is worth mentioning that this research study is entirely based on library sources. Most of the sources are reputable and trustworthy textbooks, scholarly published and unpublished journal articles, law reports, and online websites related to the research area.
Findings: According to the arguments as well as clear and explicit rulings, principles and authentic evidence from the Holy Quran, it is clear that the donation and transplantation of human body organs is permissible. The Holy religion of Islam persuades its followers to participate in charity, assist people, and donate organs to save the lives of those patients who are waiting for organ transplant.
Recommendations: Theoretically, this work is very useful in contributing to the existing body of literature of knowledge. Practically, this work identifies the circumstances in which Muslim jurists not only allow but encourage its followers to assist one another and make an effort to promote organ donations in society in order to save people’s life. It is recommended that both the donor and the recipient of an organ must belong to the same nationality or legal jurisdiction in order to prevent the growth of an international organ trade, which would be far more difficult to regulate. Additionally, in order to protect the health of both the recipients and the donors, it is imperative that transplants from unknown sources be prohibited.
FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH MENSTRUAL HYGIENE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AMONG SECONDARY SCHOOL GIRLS IN LIRA SUBCOUNTY LIRA CITY WEST.
Authors:   , Nakaweesi Margret 
Published: May 2023

Background: Menstrual hygiene management (MHM) remains a public health concern globally, and menstruating girls in school environments face several challenges which include a lack of adequate, clean, safe, private toilets with water and disposal mechanisms for used menstrual materials, a lack of information, guidance, and support on their changing bodies and insufficient materials for managing monthly menstrual flow. Despite the initiative of several organizations to create awareness and highlight the importance of good MHM, the actual proposed actions to address MHM are still largely underdeveloped Aim: This study aimed at assessing factors associated with MHM practices among secondary school girls in the Lira Sub-County Lira City West division. Method: A cross-sectional study employing quantitative techniques was done. Data was collected from 312 participants by the use of semi-structured questionnaires. Data entry and analysis were done using SPSS version 23. Result: Poor menstrual hygiene management practice was 61.5%, and the age of respondents (P-value 0.000, AOR 11.320), (P-value 0.001, AOR 1.882), knowledge about menstruation (P-value 0.000, AOR 12.213), soap and water being available in girls’ toilet (P-value 0.001, AOR 0.461) and MHM being taught at school (P-value 0.014, AOR 1.258), were directly associated with MHM practices with a P value <0.02. Conclusion: High rate of poor MHM practices indicates that school environments were not female-friendly for managing menses safely, thus water, sanitation, and hygiene facilities in the schools need urgent solutions.
BILIARY ATRESIA IS ASSOCIATED WITH POLYSPLENIA AND SITUS INVERSUS ON ULTRASOUND, A CASE REPORT STUDY.
Authors:   , Tukwasibwe Evalyne , Malumba Richard , Ankunda Racheal , Kaakyo Mary 
Published: May 2023

Biliary atresia is a destructive, idiopathic, and inflammatory cholangiopathy that affects intra and extra-hepatic bile ducts leading to fibrosis and obliteration of the biliary tract and development of liver cirrhosis. The polysplenia syndrome is the most common anomaly, being found among patients with atresia, and is characterized by polysplenia/asplenia associated with a midline liver, interruption of the inferior vena cava, preduodenal portal vein, situs inversus and/or intestinal malrotation. Biliary atresia has an incidence of 1 in 10,000-15,000 live births and is more common in females than males. I report a case of a 5 months old baby boy who presented with yellow eyes since birth and abdominal distension for one week. The diagnosis of Biliary atresia, polysplenia, and situs inversus is usually based on clinical findings. Ultrasonography and Intraoperative cholangiogram are useful tools. The most suitable recommendable treatment for this specific case is surgery. This case study is to fill the knowledge gap among sonographers/radiographers regarding the existence of such cases to guide the management of those conditions, especially among infants.
COMMUNITY-RELATED FACTORS INFLUENCING GENDER INEQUALITY IN NURSING PROFESSION, A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY AMONG NURSES AND STUDENT NURSES FROM SELECTED HOSPITALS AND NURSES TRAINING INSTITUTIONS IN NORTHERN UGANDA.
Authors:   , Lalam Lilly Grace , Oketcho Florence Nabushawo 
Published: May 2023

Introduction: The striking level of gender inequality (GI) in the nursing profession (NP) is also influenced by community-related factors. 81.3% of preferences and choices for NP were determined by gender roles. Caring and nurturing (64.2%) were the major female gender roles associated with nursing, a potential reason for 73.6% of female nurses. Patients/attendants and staff calls female nurses “sisters”, a traditional concept associated with their communal gender roles. Various individuals are nurses for different community-motivating reasons. Largely, 36.1% of rude nurses, possibly intervene. Community male nurses' perception discourages most males from the female-dominated profession. Friends/peers are the leading community perpetrator of GI in NP. The main study objective was to determine factors influencing gender inequality in the nursing profession among nurses and student nurses in the selected hospitals and nurses training institutions in the northern cities of Uganda. Methodology: A cross-sectional study design was used to obtain quantitative data from respondents. Trained research assistants acquired raw data using a pretested structured English questionnaire. Data were single-entered and analyzed using statistical software version 26. Study variables were described using Frequency tables and graphs. Univariate and bivariate analysis methods were used to identify factors associated with GI. Variables with a P-value of <0.05 with a 95% confidence interval were used to declare statistical significance. Results: 95.6% of responses were achieved. Community gender challenge for Becoming a Nurse (X 2=17.907, p-0.000) was significantly associated with GI in NP. Friends/peers are the main community perpetrator of gender discrimination (42.4%). Academic failures (32.1%) and doctors (29.5%) were the foremost community perception of male nurses. Conclusion: Family and community support is key to gender equality in NP for the achievement of SDGs and health targets. Recommendation: More research is needed to strengthen policies in the NP.
KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES AND PERCEPTIONS OF PROSTATE CANCER AMONG MALE UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN SOUTH AFRICA.
Authors:   , Thembane Nokukhanya , Dlamini Portia Nombulelo 
Published: May 2023

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the level of knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding prostate cancer among male university students in South Africa. Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer among men worldwide, and early detection is key to successful treatment. However, knowledge gaps and misconceptions regarding prostate cancer can hinder early detection and treatment. Methods: The study adopted a cross-sectional design and collected data using a structured questionnaire. The questionnaire covered the risk factors, symptoms, prevention, and screening of prostate cancer. Results: The results of the study revealed that while 92.3% of the participants had heard of prostate cancer, only 69.6% had acceptable knowledge on the symptoms of the disease, and 84.6% believed that prostate cancer could be prevented. This suggests that while there is a general awareness of prostate cancer among male university students in South Africa, there are significant knowledge gaps regarding the disease. Additionally, family history, alcohol consumption, and smoking were identified as major risk factors for prostate cancer. However, there was a screening knowledge gap among the respondents, as only 32.3% were aware of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing, which is a common screening method for prostate cancer. Conclusion: In conclusion, this study highlights the need for increased education and awareness about prostate cancer among male university students in South Africa. The findings suggest that there are significant knowledge gaps regarding the disease, particularly regarding screening and family history. The study findings can be useful in developing targeted health interventions aimed at reducing the burden of prostate cancer among young men. Recommendation: The findings suggest that more attention should be given to educating young men on the symptoms, risk factors, and prevention of prostate cancer.
CHOOSING THE BEST TREATMENT FOR GRADE IV RENAL INJURIES THAT ARE ISOLATED AND NOT ISOLATED.
Authors:   , Singh Rana Pratap , Arshad Jamal 
Published: May 2023

Objective: The objective of this study was to review all grade IV renal injuries and report outcomes and ascertain whether operative and selective non-operative management could result in high salvage rates. Method: 150 grade IV kidney injuries that occurred at the Department of Urology, Rajendra Institute of Medical Science, Ranchi for one year. These were split into two groups: isolated grade IV renal injuries and nonrenal injuries and analyzed with regard to different categories. Salvage was defined as having a 50% or greater function of the injured kidney and an overall renal function of at least 20%. Results: Overall salvage rate of 83%, 105 patients were operated on and 45 were not. There were 80 injuries from penetrating trauma, 70 from blunt trauma, and 76 from renal vascular injury. There was a 14% nephrectomy rate and an 82% salvage rate for Grade IV renal injuries that required operative exploration and concurrently had linked injuries. 15 (41%) patients with isolated injuries required surgical exploration. Two kidneys were postoperatively nonfunctional, one moderate problem was discovered, and one patient required a nephrectomy. 10 patients needed transfusions, and 87% of the remaining 22 isolated grade IV renal injuries were handled nonoperatively. There was no need for delayed nephrectomy in the 45 nonoperative patients of solitary or nonisolated renal injury. Conclusion: Isolated grade IV renal injuries provide a special case where the patient must be treated purely based on the severity of the renal injury, nonoperative therapy is applied more frequently. Non-operative therapy should only be used in all cases of severe renal damage when patients are hemodynamically stable and have undergone full renal staging. Recommendation: It is crucial to understand the finest and most efficient treatment that may treat this condition with fewer complications for the patients because many patients experience Grade IV injuries.
KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICES OF NURSING STUDENTS TOWARDS KANGAROO MOTHER CARE (KMC) AMONG TWO SELECTED NURSING INSTITUTIONS IN MBARARA MUNICIPALITY. A CROSS-SECTIONAL DESCRIPTIVE STUDY.
Authors:   , Natwijuka Andrew , Lukowe Hadijah 
Published: May 2023

Background: Globally 25 million infants (17%) are born with a low birth weight (LBW) and most of these occur in low-income countries. LBW infants suffer from high rates of morbidity and mortality. Therefore low-income countries have recognized kangaroo mother care (KMC) as a necessity to promote positive neonatal health under adverse conditions. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a quantitative approach. A total of three hundred twenty-six (326) nursing students participated in the study and they were selected by simple random sampling method. Data were collected through self-administered questionnaires. Data were checked for completeness, cleaned, and entered in SPSS for further analysis. Data analysis was conducted by using descriptive statistics and a chi-square test to show the association between variables. Results: Three hundred nineteen (319) fully completed the study, yielding a response rate of 97.8%. The majority of subjects were aged between 24 to 29 years (34.8%), belonged to the protestant religion (40.8%) and there were more females (56.4%). The majority of the nursing students were pursuing a certificate level of Ugandan education (29.5%) and most of them had two years of studying (52.6%). students in the second year (49.2%) had the highest percentage of nursing students with good to excellent knowledge as compared to the rest. Characters of age (P value=0.001), religion (P value=0.000) course of study (P value=0.000), and year of study (P value=0.007) were found significant with knowledge of nursing students on KMC. Recommendations:. It is crucial to establish suitable guidelines and a specialized Kangaroo Mother Care unit in all health facilities in Uganda. Conclusion: The general level of knowledge and behavior toward KMC was deemed adequate.
A RETROSPECTIVE CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY INVESTIGATING THE PREVALENCE OF COVID-19 AND TB COINFECTION IN PATIENTS IN KWAZULU-NATAL, SOUTH AFRICA.
Authors:   , Hlabisa Vuyo , Jaya Ziningi Nobuhle 
Published: May 2023

Background: The co-occurrence of tuberculosis (TB) and Covid-19 pose significant challenges to public health systems worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of TB and Covid- 19 co-infection, explore the correlation between TB status and Covid-19 results and examine the distribution of co-infection across different age groups in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted using data retrieved from a laboratory database, including 1241 TB patient results between April 2020 and April 2021. Diagnostic methods for TB included microscopy, culture, GeneXpert, and line probe. Covid-19 test results were categorized as positive, negative, or inconclusive. Statistical analysis, including statistical significance tests, was performed to assess the correlation between TB status, Covid-19 co- infection, and age groups. Results: Among the TB patients, 3.95% were diagnosed using microscopy, 7.01% using culture, 88.80% using GeneXpert, and 0.24% using line probe. Out of the 1241 TB patients, 50% were males and 49% were females. Among the tested patients, 84% tested negative for Covid-19, 14.5% tested positive, and 1% had inconclusive findings. The statistical significance analysis indicated no significant correlation between TB status and Covid-19 co- infection (p > 0.05). However, a significant association was observed between age groups and Covid-19 co-infection (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Although no significant correlation was found between TB status and Covid-19 co-infection, there was a significant association between age groups and co-infection rates. These findings highlight the need for tailored screening, prevention, and treatment strategies considering different age groups. The study contributes to the existing literature and can inform healthcare policies and interventions related to TB and Covid-19 co-infection. Recommendation: To address the co-infection, we recommend strengthening surveillance, enhancing awareness, conducting further research, improving infection control, and developing integrated healthcare approaches.
FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH CAESAREAN SECTION AT A RURAL HOSPITAL IN SOUTH WESTERN UGANDA: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors:   , Nuwabaine Lilian , amperiize Mathius , Annet Patient Nakalega 
Published: May 2023

Background: Globally, the overall prevalence of caesarean section (CS) is estimated at 18.6%, with 27% in high-income countries and 6% in low- and middle-income countries. There is an increase in trends of CS in Uganda from 8.5% in 2012 to 11% in 2016. No studies have been carried out to account for the high rates of CS at Kisiizi Hospital in Uganda. This study determined the proportion and factors associated with CS delivery at a rural hospital in southwestern Uganda. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 321 immediate postnatal women in a rural hospital in southwestern Uganda. A structured questionnaire and data abstract forms were used to collect information on the proportion and factors associated with CS. Eligible participants were enrolled consecutively. Logistic regression analysis was done to identify the factors associated with CS taking into account potential confounders. Results: This study recruited 321 women with a mean age of 25.8 ± 6.086 years, mean parity of 2.6 ±1.673 and mean antenatal care visits of 4.27 ± 1.197. The proportion of CS in this study was 38.3% (123/321). Of these, 110 (89.4%) were emergencies and 27(10.6%) were electives. Only 8.4% of the respondents were referrals. The commonest indications of CS were fetal distress (28.5%), history of previous CS (18.7%), and poor progress of labour (11.4%). No factors were significantly associated with CS in this study. Conclusion: There is a high proportion of CS at Kisiizi Hospital in Uganda and this is three times higher than the WHO-recommended CS rates. The majority of CS are emergencies due to fetal distress and poor progress of labour. There is a need for additional studies exploring the reasons for the much higher-than-expected CS rates.
Relasi Agama dan Politik di Indonesia
Authors: Sonjaya Adang , Rahayu Diningrat Budi 
Published: May 2023

Islamic politics faced challenges in influencing the future of Indonesia during the post-independence era. Modernist Islamic groups struggled to counter the growing influence of the guided democratic authoritarianism regime. As a result, the Islamic political party Masyumi was disbanded, and its leader, Mohammad Natsir, faced derogatory nicknames such as "ringworm cat" from the authorities. The Nahdlatul Ulama (NU), which sought to compromise with power, had a limited role on the national political stage. This study employs a qualitative method with a literature review approach. The findings indicate that the relationship between religion and power varies across different religions in terms of practice and doctrine. Nonetheless, it is evident that religion and state power are deeply interconnected, with "religion becoming the core of power and power becoming the core of religion." It is crucial to examine this perspective within the context of our respective religious communities.
Politik Islam mengalami kemandulannya, setelah gagal di pentas Nasional dalam menentukan Indonesia masa depan pada pasca-kemerdekaan. Saat itu kelompok Islam modernis tidak mampu membendung kecenderungan rezim otoritarianisme demokrasi terpimpin. Bahkan partai politik Islam Masyumi harus bubar sebagai jawaban kekalahan politik itu dan Mohammad Natsir, ujung tombak kekuatan kelompok ini harus rela dijuluki “kucing kurap” oleh penguasa saat itu. Sementara NU yang berusaha melakukan kompromi dengan kekuasaan, pada akhirnya tidak memiliki peran yang signifikan dalam pentas politik Nasional. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kepustakaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hubungan agama dan kekuasaan berbeda dari satu agama ke agama yang lain dalam praktik maupun dalam doktrinnya. Namun pengalaman menunjukkan bahwa agama dan kekuasaan negara sulit dilepaskan. “Agama menjadi inti kekuasaan dan kekuasaan menjadi inti agama”. Pandangan ini perlu kita periksa dalam realitas komunitas agama masing-masing.