bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Labor market risks and welfare preferences: a bounded rationality approach
Authors: Ahrens Leo 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This study introduces a bounded rationality approach to welfare preference formation under exposure to labor market risks. It argues that risk exposure only increases welfare demand when it is reasonable to assume that workers are aware of their risk exposure and when future-related concerns are currently salient. Empirical analyses of longitudinal data from Switzerland and 28 European countries support the theory. Swiss workers only optimize their welfare preferences in a forward-looking manner when they become unemployed, and only the national unemployment rate is found to increase welfare demand in European countries. In contrast, a variety of risks on the occupational and individual level drawn from previous research are found to be unrelated with welfare preferences. The implication is that the risk exposure of employed workers may matter less for their welfare preferences and downstream political phenomena such as voting behavior than commonly expected.
CircRNA hsa_circ_0000043 acts as a miR-4492 sponge to promote lung cancer progression via BDNF and STAT3 expression regulation in anti-benzo[a]pyrene-trans-7,8-dihydrodiol-9,10-epoxide-transformed 16HBE cells
Authors: Liu Jiayu , Xie Jiaying , Xu Enwu , Xu Binhe , Zhou Jiaxin , Zhou Jiazhen , Yang Qiaoyuan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Increasing evidence shows that circular RNA (circRNA) plays an important role in the progression of lung cancer. In this study, we found that has_circ_0000043 was highly expressed in 16HBE-T human bronchial epithelial cells that were malignantly transformed by benzo[a]pyrene-trans-7,8-diol-9,10-epoxide via circRNA microarray. We verified that hsa_circ_0000043 was also significantly overexpressed in lung cancer cell lines and tissues. Moreover, hsa_circ_0000043 overexpression was positively correlated with poor clinicopathological parameters, such as tumor-node metastasis stage, distant metastasis, lymph-node metastasis, and overall survival. In vitro assays revealed that hsa_circ_0000043 inhibition suppressed 16HBE-T cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Furthermore, hsa_circ_0000043 inhibition suppressed tumor growth in a mouse xenograft model. We discovered that hsa_circ_0000043 binds with miR-4492, acting as a miR-4492 sponge. Decreased miR-4492 expression was also associated with poor clinicopathological parameters. Thus, hsa_circ_0000043 was shown to contribute to the proliferation, malignant transformation ability, migration, and invasion of 16HBE-T cells via miR-4492 sponging and BDNF and STAT3 involvement.
Outcomes of Open Bleb Revision After PreserFlo MicroShunt Failure in Patients With Glaucoma
Authors: Strzalkowska Alicja , Strzalkowski Piotr , Hoffmann Esther M. , Pfeiffer Norbert , Schuster Alexander K. 
Published: June 2023

Précis:After the open bleb revision following PreserFlo, the mean postoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) was lowered from 26.4 ± 9.9 mm Hg to 12.9 ± 5.6 mm Hg at 1 month and 15.9 ± 4.1 mm Hg at 12 months.Purpose:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of an open bleb revision with mitomycin-C(MMC) for bleb fibrosis after PreserFlo MicroShunt implantation.Patients and Methods:We performed a retrospective analysis of 27 consecutive patients with bleb fibrosis after PreserFlo MicroShunt Implantation that underwent an open revision with MMC 0.2 mg/mL applied for 3 minutes at the Department of Ophthalmology of the Mainz, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany. Demographic data, such as age, sex, glaucoma type, number of glaucoma medications, IOP before and after PreserFlo implantation and revision, complications, and reoperations within 12 months, were analyzed.Results:Twenty-seven patients (27 eyes) received an open revision after previous PreserFlo Microshunt implantation and consecutive bleb fibrosis. The mean preoperative IOP was 26.4 ± 9.9 mm Hg before revision, 7.0 ± 2.7 mm Hg (P< 0.001) in the first week after the revision, and 15.9 ± 4.1 mm Hg at 12 months (P= 0.02). Four patients needed IOP-lowering medication after 12 months. One patient had a positive Seidel test and needed a conjunctival suture. Four patients required a second procedure due to recurring bleb fibrosis.Conclusions:At 12 months, open revision with MMC for bleb fibrosis after failed PreserFlo implantation effectively and safely reduced IOP with a similar medication burden.
Mismatched opioid prescription in patients discharged after neurological surgeries: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Campbell Liam J. , Mummaneni Praveen V. , Letchuman Vijay , Langnas Erica , Agarwal Nitin , Guan Lucy S. , Croci Rhiannon , Vargas Enrique , Reisner Lori , Bickler Phil , Chou Dean , Chang Edward , Guan Zhonghui 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Although postsurgical overprescription has been well-studied, postsurgical opioid underprescription remains largely overlooked. This retrospective cohort study was to investigate the extent of discharge opioid overprescription and underprescription in patients after neurological surgeries. Six thousand nine hundred forty-nine adult opioid-naive patients who underwent inpatient neurosurgical procedures at the University of California San Francisco were included. The primary outcome was the discrepancy between individual patient's prescribed daily oral morphine milligram equivalent (MME) at discharge and patient's own inpatient daily MME consumed within 24 hours of discharge. Analyses include Wilcoxon, Mann–Whitney, Kruskal–Wallis, and χ2 tests, and linear or multivariable logistic regression. 64.3% and 19.5% of patients were opioid overprescribed and underprescribed, respectively, with median prescribed daily MME 360% and 55.2% of median inpatient daily MME in opioid overprescribed and underprescribed patients, respectively. 54.6% of patients with no inpatient opioid the day before discharge were opioid overprescribed. Opioid underprescription dose-dependently increased the rate of opioid refill 1 to 30 days after discharge. From 2016 to 2019, the percentage of patients with opioid overprescription decreased by 24.8%, but the percentage of patients with opioid underprescription increased by 51.2%. Thus, the mismatched discharge opioid prescription in patients after neurological surgeries presented as both opioid overprescription and underprescription, with a dose-dependent increased rate of opioid refill 1 to 30 days after discharge in opioid underprescription. Although we are fighting against opioid overprescription to postsurgical patients, we should not ignore postsurgical opioid underprescription.
Pulmonary aspergillus infection with abnormal imaging successfully treated with omalizumab: A case report
Authors: He Xing , Chang Zhenzhen , Yan Haiying , Weng Yang 
Published: June 2023

Background:
Pulmonary aspergillosis is a pulmonary infectious disease that is clinically difficult to diagnose and treat. When the lower respiratory tract is invaded by Aspergillus, the clinical manifestations and imaging features vary among patients with different immune states. The use of antifungal drugs and glucocorticoids are important, but some patients do not respond satisfactorily to treatment.

Case presentation:
A 59-year-old female had a long history of asthma and poor symptom control, with long-term use of long-acting inhaled glucocorticoids combined with a long-acting β2 receptor agonists (ICS + LABA) (salmeterol fluticasone inhalation powder). The ground glass shadow, tree-in-bud sign, and bronchiectasis in the middle lobe of the right lung and the lower lobe of both lungs were first detected by chest CT over 5 years ago. Atelectasis in the middle lobe of the right lung was detected over 3 years ago. Over 2 years ago, the patient was hospitalized and a repeat chest CT showed persistent atelectasis in the middle lobe of the right lung, and more lesions in bilateral lower lungs than before. Aspergillus fumigatus was detected in alveolar lavage fluid and sputum pathogenic culture, which confirmed the diagnosis of pulmonary aspergillosis. After treatment with voriconazole and amphotericin B, the middle lobe of the right lung partially reopened, but the lesions in bilateral lower lungs persisted. After 21 weeks of treatment, the antifungal drugs were stopped because the patient refused to use oral/intravenous glucocorticoids, and omalizumab was finally chosen for treatment. After 1 month of treatment, the patient’s clinical symptoms began to ease. After 1 year of treatment, imaging reexamination of lung showed that the lesions were completely cleared, accompanied by significant improvement in nutritional status and airway function.

Conclusions:
We reported the case of a patient with pulmonary Aspergillus infection who was treated with omalizumab and showed significant improvement in clinical symptoms and imaging abnormalities, which provides a new option for patients with pulmonary Aspergillus infection who show unsatisfactory response with first-line drugs.
Hypercalcemia during initiation of antiretroviral therapy in human immunodeficiency virus and Leishmania coinfection: A case report
Authors: Yu Tammy , Tang Jie 
Published: June 2023

Rationale:
Hypercalcemia is a common complication of many granulomatous diseases but is not typically associated with leishmaniasis. Here we report an unusual case of hypercalcemia during the initiation of antiviral therapy in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome coinfected with visceral leishmaniasis.

Patient Concerns:
Our patient presented with malaise and altered mental status following antiretroviral therapy initiation. He was found to have de novo hypercalcemia complicated by acute kidney injury.

Diagnosis, interventions, and outcomes:
An extensive workup for other etiologies of hypercalcemia was negative. The patient was ultimately thought to have hypercalcemia secondary to visceral leishmaniasis in the setting of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome. He was treated with intravenous volume expansion, bisphosphonates, and oral corticosteroid therapy with complete resolution.

Lessons:
This case highlights an unusual presentation of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome, in which proinflammatory cytokine signaling during the restoration of cellular immunity may have led to increased ectopic calcitriol production by granuloma macrophages, thereby altering bone-mineral metabolism and driving hypercalcemia.
Clinical trial of manual therapy in the treatment of chondromalacia patellae
Authors: Cai Yan , Deng Ying , Ou Liang , Guo Yuxing , Guo Yanxing 
Published: June 2023

Background:
Chondromalacia patellae (CP) is a common and main cause of knee pain, the prevalence of the disease in the general population is as high as 36.2%, especially in middle-aged patients aged between 30 and 40 years (up to 50%). The use of manual therapy (MT) to dredge the meridians and muscles around the knee joint and stimulate the relevant acupoints can play vital roles in relieving pain and improving function. The purpose of this study is to assess the effectiveness, safety and further comprehensively, completely and multi-dimensionally explain the mechanism and treatment advantages of MT for CP.

Methods:
A prospective randomized controlled clinical trial design was used to study the efficacy and safety of MT in the treatment of CP. One hundred and twenty cases of CP patients will be recruited and randomly divided into experimental group and control group according to 1:1. The control group: sodium hyaluronate; experimental group: MT added on the basis of the control group. Both groups will receive standard treatment for 4 weeks and followed up for 3 months. And at the same time, pay attention to its efficacy and safety indicators. Observation indicators include: the visual analogue scale pain score; the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index scores; the Lysholm scores, and Bristol scores, adverse reactions, etc. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 25.0 software.

Discussion:
This study will precisely evaluate the effectiveness and safety of MT in the treatment of CP. The results of this experiment will provide more reliable clinical basis for the selection of MT for patients with CP.
Use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in children with burn injury: Case report and literature review
Authors: Wang Yanfei , Deng Kelei , Qian Junjie , Tan Linhua 
Published: June 2023

Rationale:
Burns are one of the most debilitating injuries in the world and one of the major causes of accidental disability and death among children. Severe burns can result in irreversible brain damage, placing patients at high risk of brain failure and high mortality. Therefore, timely diagnosis and treatment of burn encephalopathy are crucial for improving prognosis. In recent years, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has been increasingly used to improve the prognosis of patients with burns. Here, we report a case of ECMO treatment in a child with burns and review the relevant literature.

Patient concerns:
A 7-year-old boy with a modified Baux score of 24 presented with asphyxia, loss of consciousness, refractory hypoxemia, and malignant arrhythmia after smoke inhalation for 1 day. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy revealed a large amount of black carbon-like substances aspirated from the trachea.

Diagnoses:
Considering that the boy inhaled a large amount of smoke, the clinical manifestation was unclear consciousness, laboratory examination revealed continuous low blood oxygen saturation, and bronchoscopy revealed a large amount of black carbon-like substances in the trachea, thereby leading to the diagnosis of asphyxia, inhalation pneumonia, burn encephalopathy, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, and malignant arrhythmia. In addition, pulmonary edema and carbon monoxide poisoning are caused by chemical agents, gas fumes, and vapors.

Interventions:
The boy’s blood oxygen saturation and blood circulation remained unstable despite various ventilation methods and medications, thus we decided to use ECMO. After 8 days of ECMO support, the patient was successfully weaned from the machine.

Outcomes:
Under the application of ECMO, the respiratory and circulatory systems significantly improved. Nevertheless, due to the progressive brain injury caused by burns and the poor prognosis, the parents ceased all treatment and the boy passed away.

Lessons:
This case report demonstrates that brain edema and herniation can arise as phenotypes of burn encephalopathy, which is a challenge to treat in children. Children with confirmed or suspected burn encephalopathy should undergo diagnostic tests completed as soon as possible to confirm the diagnosis. After receiving ECMO treatment, the respiratory and circulatory systems of the burn victims reported significantly improved. Hence, ECMO is a viable alternative for supporting patients with burns.
Recurrent trichilemmal carcinoma of the periorbital region treated with IMRT radiotherapy: A case report and a review of literature
Authors: Gao Shan , Xu Qin , Lan Yanli , He Lang 
Published: June 2023

Rationale:
Trichilemmal carcinoma (TLC) is a rare malignant cutaneous adnexal tumor usually accept surgery. This report describes an elderly patient with recurrence TLC of the periorbital region after surgery who was subsequently treated with IMRT radiotherapy. After 2-years follow-up visit, there was no progress or metastasis.

Introduction:
TLC is a rare malignant cutaneous adnexal tumor. It usually occurs on sun-exposed areas in elderly people but rarely occurs in the periorbital region. Most cases accept surgery or micrographic Mohs surgery. Recurrence or metastasis of this neoplasm was seldom reported in the medical literature after enough tumor-free margin surgery. And radiotherapy was seldom reported in the treatment for patients of TLC.

Patient concerns:
Here we report an elderly patient with recurrence TLC of the periorbital region after surgery who was subsequently treated with radiotherapy with a total dose of 66 Gy. Two years later, the patient was admitted head, neck, chest, abdomen CT scan, and no progress or metastasis was detected after 2-years follow-up.

Diagnosis:
Trichilemmal carcinoma of the periorbital region.

Interventions:
We describe the clinical characteristics, pathological features, and choice of examination methods of a patient with TLC in the periorbital region. And we use the radical radiotherapy to treat this case.

Outcomes:
There are no progress or metastasis after 2-years follow-up.

Conclusion:
Radiotherapy is a good option for patients with TLC if the patient refuses surgery or fails to achieve a satisfactory tumor-free margin or relapses after surgery.
Interface of Clinical Nurse Specialist Practice and Healthcare Technology
Authors: Smith Justin M. , Pearson Kristina K. , Roberson Amy E. 
Published: June 2023

Purpose
This article demonstrates the leadership role of the clinical nurse specialist in developing and implementing healthcare technology across the continuum of care.

Description
Three virtual nursing practices—facilitated self-care, remote patient monitoring, and virtual acute care nursing—illustrate how the clinical nurse specialist is well suited to transform traditional practice models to ones that use healthcare technology effectively. These 3 practices use interactive healthcare technology to gather patient data and allow communication and coordination with the healthcare team to meet patient-specific needs.

Outcome
Use of healthcare technology in virtual nursing practices led to early care team intervention, optimized care team processes, proactive patient outreach, timely access to care, and reduction in healthcare-associated errors and near-miss events.

Conclusion
Clinical nurse specialists are well positioned to develop innovative, effective, accessible, and high-quality virtual nursing practices. Integrating healthcare technology with nursing practice augments care for various patients, ranging from those with low illness severity in the outpatient setting to acutely ill patients in the inpatient hospital environment.
Transanal Hemorrhoidal Dearterialization with Mucopexy Versus Ferguson Hemorrhoidectomy for Prolapsed Internal Hemorrhoids
Authors: Gachabayov Mahir , Angelos George , Orangio Guy , Abcarian Herand , Bergamaschi Roberto ,   Hemorrhoids Study Group
Published: June 2023

Objective:
To compare transanal hemorrhoidal dearterialization (THD) with mucopexy to Ferguson hemorrhoidectomy in terms of recurrence rates and quality of life.

Background:
There is uncertainty regarding the durability of the therapeutic effect of THD with mucopexy compared to Ferguson hemorrhoidectomy in terms of recurrence rates.

Methods:
This was a multicenter prospective study. Participating surgeons performed the operation they knew best enrolling 10 patients each. Surgeons’ unedited videos were reviewed by an independent expert. Patients with prolapsed internal hemorrhoids in at least three columns were eligible. The primary endpoint was recurrence rates defined as prolapsing internal hemorrhoids. Patient-reported outcomes and satisfaction were evaluated with Pain Scale and Brief Pain Inventory, Fecal Incontinence Quality Of Life (FIQOL), Cleveland Clinic Incontinence, Constipation, Short-Form 12 (SF-12) scores and Patient satisfaction (4-point Likert) scale.

Results:
Twenty surgeons enrolled 197 patients. THD patients had lower Visual pain scores at POD1 (6.2 vs. 8.3, P=0.047), POD7 (4.5 vs. 7.7, P=0.021), POD14 (2.8 vs. 5.3, P<0.001) and medication use at POD14 (23% vs. 58%, P<0.001). Median follow-up was 3.1 (1.0–5.5) years. Recurrence rates did not differ between the study arms (5.9% vs. 2.4%, P=0.253). Patient satisfaction rate was higher after THD at POD14 (76.4% vs. 52.5%, P=0.031) and 3 months (95.1% vs. 63.3%, P=0.029), but did not differ at 6 months (91.7% vs. 88%, P=0.228) and 1 year (94.2% vs. 88%, P=0.836).

Conclusion:
THD with mucopexy was associated with improved patient-reported outcomes and quality of life as compared to Ferguson hemorrhoidectomy with non-significantly different recurrence rates.
Predictors and outcomes of Cardiac Dyssynchrony among patients with heart failure attending Benjamin Mkapa Hospital in Dodoma, central Tanzania: A protocol of prospective-longitudinal study
Authors: Bilikundi Patrick , Alphonce Baraka , Nyundo Azan , Meda John 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroductionCardiac Dyssynchrony is prevalent among patients with heart failure with high cost of care and potentially poor outcomes. Nevertheless, little is known about cardiac dyssynchrony among heart failure patients, especially in developing countries. This study aims at assessing the predictors and outcomes of cardiac dyssynchrony among heart failure patients attending the cardiology department at Benjamin Mkapa Referral Hospital in Dodoma, central TanzaniaMethodsThe study will follow a prospective longitudinal design involving participants aged 18yrs and above with heart failure attending the Cardiology Department at Benjamin Mkapa Hospital. Heart failure will be identified based on Framingham’s score and patients will be enrolled and followed up for six months. Baseline socio-demographic and clinical characteristics will be taken during enrollment. Outcomes of interest at six months include worsening of heart failure, readmission and death. Continuous data will be summarized as Mean (SD) or Median (IQR), and categorical data will be summarized using proportions and frequencies. Binary logistic regression will be used to determine predictors and outcomes of Cardiac Dyssynchrony among patients with heart failure.
Direct interhemispheric cortical communication via thalamic commissures: a new white-matter pathway in the primate brain
Authors: Szczupak Diego , Schaeffer David J. , Tian Xiaoguang , Choi Sang-Ho , Fang-Cheng  , Iack Pamela Meneses , Campos Vinicius P. , Mayo J. Patrick , Patsch Janina , Mitter Christian , Haboosheh Amit , Vieira Marcelo A.C. , Kasprian Gregor , Tovar-Moll Fernanda , Lent Roberto , Silva Afonso C. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCortical neurons of eutherian mammals project to the contralateral hemisphere, crossing the midline primarily via the corpus callosum and the anterior, posterior, and hippocampal commissures. We recently reported an additional commissural pathway in rodents, termed the thalamic commissures (TCs), as another interhemispheric axonal fiber pathway that connects cortex to the contralateral thalamus. Here, we demonstrate that TCs also exist in primates and characterize the connectivity of these pathways with high-resolution diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging, viral axonal tracing, and functional MRI. We present evidence of TCs in both New World (Callithrix jacchusandCebus apella) and Old World primates (Macaca mulatta). Further, like rodents, we show that the TCs in primates develop during the embryonic period, forming anatomical and functionally active connections of the cortex with the contralateral thalamus. We also searched for TCs in the human brain, showing their presence in humans with brain malformations, although we could not identify TCs in healthy subjects. These results pose the TCs as an important fiber pathway in the primate brain, allowing for more robust interhemispheric connectivity and synchrony and serving as an alternative commissural route in developmental brain malformations.Significance statementBrain connectivity is a central topic in neuroscience. Understanding how brain areas can communicate allows for the comprehension of brain structure and function. We have described in rodents a new commissure pathway that connects the cortex to the contralateral thalamus. Here, we investigate whether this pathway exists in non-human primates and humans. The presence of these commissures poses the TCs as an important fiber pathway in the primate brain, allowing for more robust interhemispheric connectivity and synchrony and serving as an alternative commissural route in developmental brain malformations.