bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of restrictive vs liberal selection criteria on survival in ECPR: A retrospective analysis of a multi-regional dataset.
Authors: Diehl Arne , Dennis Mark , Read Andrew C. , Southwood Timothy , Bucher Hergen , Nanjayya Vinodh Bhagyalakshmi , Burrell Aidan JC 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) is an established rescue therapy for both out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) and in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA). However, there remains significant heterogeneity in populations and outcomes across different studies. The primary aim of this study was to assess the effect of applying different selection criteria on survival and utilisation in an Australian ECPR cohort.
Methods
We performed a retrospective, observational study of three established ECPR centres in Australia, including cases from 1 January 2013 to 31 December 2020 to establish the baseline cohort. We applied five commonly used ECPR selection criteria, ranging from restrictive to liberal.
Results
The baseline cohort included 199 ECPR cases: 95 OHCA and 104 IHCA patients. Survival to hospital discharge was 20% for OHCA and 41.4% for IHCA. For OHCA patients, strictly applying the most restrictive criteria would have resulted in the highest survival rate 7/16 (43.8%) compared to the most liberal criteria 16/73 (21.9%). However, only 16/95 (16.8%) in our cohort strictly meeting criteria with restrictive criteria versus 73/95 (76.8%) with liberal. Similarly, in IHCA, more restrictive criteria would have resulted in a higher survival rate in eligible patients 10/15 (66.7%) vs 27/59 (45.8%) compared to more liberal criteria; 33/43 (77%) and 16/43 (37%) of survivors, respectively, would not have been eligible for ECMO if strictly applying these selection criteria.
Conclusions
Adherence to different selection criteria impacts both the ECPR survival rate and the total number of survivors. Commonly used selection criteria may be unsuitable to select ICHA ECPR patients.
Characteristics and mechanisms of X chromosome translocation
Authors: Huang Ning , Zhou Jihui , Lu Wan , Luo Laipeng , Yuan Huizhen , Pan Lu , Ding Shujun , Yang Bicheng , Liu Yanqiu 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background Individuals with X chromosomal translocation and variable phenotype, high risk of living birth defect constitute an interesting project to study. Those are related to differential breakpoints and types of chromosomal abnormality. To investigate the effect of X translocation and clinical phenotype, a retrospective analysis of the clinical data of patients with X translocation who verified by chromosome karyotype was conducted. The efects of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels, luteinizing hormone (LH) levels, estradiol (E2), progesterone (PROG), prolactin (PRL), testosterone (T) levels, Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and an additional semen analysis for male were assessed in this group of patients. Results A total of 10 individuals underwent detail clinical data. Infantile uterus and both small ovaries were visible with abdominal ultrasound in two cases (FSH:34.80IU/L, LH:17.06mIU/mL, E2:15.37pg/ml; FISH:6.60IU/L, LH:1.69mIU/mL, E2:23.70pg/ml). No ovaries were visible in one case (FSH:114IU/L, LH:30.90mIU/mL, E2:<5.00pg/ml). Corresponding to the chromosome karyotype results, the breakpoints were located on the long arm of X chromosome(Xq13, 21, 25). Normal endocrine hormonal levels and abilities of fertility were observed in other three cases with breakpoints located on short arm of X chromosome, which appeared unremarkable clinical manifestations, but had a history of abnormal pregnancy results of partial monosomies and trisomies. In addtion, normal phenotype and complex reciprocal translocation were observed in one case with early spontaneous abortion twice. In three cases of male, multiple semen analysis confirmed no sperm. Y chromosome microdeletion analysis and hormonal analysis were performed to be normal. The balanced reciprocal translocation were found between X chromosome and autosome (1, 3 and 8), and breakpoints mainly located on Xq26. Conclusions Our study provides insights into which individuals with X translocation most likely to have ovary insufficiency, infertility and high risk to birth defects. Rely on a full history and physical exam with laboratory evaluation that helps to understand the clinical heterogeneity involved and provide accurate, efficient and personalized genetic counseling.
Noninvasive low-level tragus stimulation attenuates inflammation and oxidative stress in acute heart failure
Authors: Dasari Tarun , Chakraborty Praloy , Mukli Peter , Akhtar Khawaja , Yabluchanskiy Andriy , Cunningham Madeleine W. , Csiszar Anna , Po Sunny S. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Acute decompensated heart failure is associated with inflammation, oxidative stress, and excess sympathetic drive. It is unknown if neuromodulation would improve inflammation and oxidative stress in acute heart failure. We, therefore, performed this proof-of-concept study to evaluate the effects of neuromodulation using noninvasive low-level Tragus stimulation on inflammation and oxidative stress in ADHF.
Methods
19 patients with ejection fraction < 40% were randomized to neuromodulation- 4 hours twice daily (6 AM-10 AM and 6 PM-10 PM) (n = 8) or sham stimulation (n = 11) during hospital admission. All patients received standard-of-care treatment. Blood samples were collected at admission and discharge. Serum cytokines were assayed using standard immunosorbent techniques. Reactive oxygen species inducibility from cultured coronary endothelial cells exposed to patient sera was determined using dihydrodichlorofluorescein probe test (expressed as fluorescein units).
Results
Compared to sham stimulation, neuromodulation was associated with a significant reduction of circulating serum Interleukin-6 levels (-78% vs -9%; p = 0.012). Similarly, neuromodulation led to reduction of endothelial cell oxidative stress, in the neuromodulation group (1363 units to 978 units, p = 0.003) compared to sham stimulation (1146 units to 1083 units, p = 0.094). No significant difference in heart rate, blood pressure or renal function were noted between the two groups.
Conclusion
In this proof-of-concept pilot study, in acute systolic heart failure, neuromodulation was feasible and safe and was associated with a reduction in systemic inflammation and attenuation of cellular oxidative stress.
Clinical trial: NCT02898181
Effects of Yu-Ping-Feng polysaccharides (YPP) on the growth performance, intestinal health and lipid metabolism of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides)
Authors: Ou ZhuoZhi , Yue Yuhua , Zhang Kaipeng , Chen Jing , Wang Yamin , Yu Hui , Yu Yingying , Feng Xianjun , Qiu Yanming 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of Yupingfeng polysaccharides (YPP), polysaccharides compound, on the growth performance, intestinal health, and lipid metabolism of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides). The attractive effects of YPP on largemouth bass through ball biting test, and further determine the concentration gradient of YPP. Four iso-nitrogenous diets were prepared by mixing and stirring 0%, 2%, 4%, and 8% YPP to commercial feed. A total of 360 fish with an initial weight of 20 ± 0.5 g were randomly assigned to 12 tanks (4 dietary groups × 3 replicates) in a recirculation system and fed twice daily for 4 weeks. The orthogonal polynomial contrasts showed that dietary YPP levels had significant interactions with growth performance, intestinal health and lipid metabolism. Pearson correlation analysis showed that fish growth was closely correlated with intestinal health, liver health, lipid metabolism and brain feeding related gene expression (P < 0.05). Overall, the results indicated that adding moderate dose of YPP to the diet could promote the growth performance, feeding ability, lipid metabolism ability, and protect intestinal and liver health of largemouth bass.
Causal Relationships between Obesity and Thyroid Function and Thyroid Disease: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Zhang Ziqi , Sun Yuqing , Niu Jieyu , Zhou Peipei , Zhou Xiqiao , Yu Jiangyi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
OBJECTIVE: We conducted a Mendelian Randomization(MR) study to investigate the causal association between obesity and thyroid function and thyroid disease.
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Uncorrelated genetic variants associated with Body Mass Index(BMI) (n = 543), Waist-hip Ratio(WHR)(n = 357), WHR adjusted for BMI (WHRadjBMI) (n = 330) at the genome-wide significance were selected as exposure instrument variables(IV). Genetic associations for 13 serum markers of thyroid function and 21 thyroid diseases were obtained from THE THYROIDOMICS CONSORTIUM, IEU, and FinnGen as outcome IVs. Heterogeneity and pleiotropy of the identified IVs were confirmed using the Q-test, the leave-one-out sensitivity test, the MR-Egger intercept test, and the MR Pleiotropy RESidual Sum and outliers test (MR-PRESSO). Then, MR analysis was performed using five different models.
RESULTS: The results of the MR analysis showed causal relationships between obesity and two serum markers of thyroid function and three thyroid diseases. Genetic prediction of higher BMI reduced serum FT4 level (OR = 0.934, 95%CI 0.902, 0.996; P = 0.0001) while increasing the risk of Autoimmune hypothyroidism (OR = 1.248, 95%CI 1.170, 1.331; P = 0. 00000000002) and Nontoxic multinodular goiter (OR = 1.236, 95%CI 1.090, 1.402; P < 0.001). Genetic prediction of elevated WHRadjBMI increased serum FT3 levels (OR = 1.093, 95%CI 1.049, 1.139; P = 0.00002) and the risk of Malignant tumors of the thyroid gland (OR = 1.490, 95%CI 1.170, 1.897; P = 0.0012). The sensitivity analyses demonstrated the robustness of these findings. No significant causal relationship was found between obesity and other serum markers of thyroid function or thyroid disease.
CONCLUSIONS: Causal relationships between obesity and serum FT3 levels, serum FT4 levels, Autoimmune hypothyroidism, Nontoxic multinodular goiter, and Thyroid malignancies. This result explains the chicken-and-egg problem between obesity and the thyroid gland and emphasizes the role of obesity on the thyroid gland.
Associations between motor competence and executive function in preschool children
Authors: Chichinina Elena , Gavrilova Margarita 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background: Motor competence and executive function develop actively at preschool age. Both motor competence and executive function are important for socialization, school achievements, and well-being. But the association between motor competence and executive function has not yet been fully investigated inpreschool children. This study was aimed at exploring which EF components may be predictors of MC and its components.
Methods: In the study, 313 typically developing 5- to 6-year-old children participated. The NEPSY-II subtests ('Sentences Repetition', 'Memory for Designs', 'Inhibition', 'Statue') and 'Dimensional Change Card Sort' were used to assess executive function. The 'Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2' was used to assess motor competence.
Results: The study revealed that physical inhibition, working memory, age, and sex are significant predictors of motor competence. Manual dexterity was predicted by the same predictors but also by sex. Aiming and catching were predicted by physical inhibition, sex, and age. Balance was predicted by visual working memory, physical inhibition, age, and sex. The predictors of motor competence and manual dexterity had a larger effect than those of aiming and catching and balance.
Conclusions: Based on these results, it can be concluded that in future research on this topic, not only the total MC score, but also all components of MC should be taken into account. The data obtained also play an important role in the design of interventions to improve motor development in children. Therefore, working memory and physical inhibition training may help to improve deficits in motor competence.
Clinicopathological role and prognostic significance of intermedin expression in malignant pleural mesothelioma: a meta-analysis
Authors: Cheng Yongbo , Lin Deqing , Yu Sanjiu , Liu Xin , Yan Chaojun , Cheng Wei 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective
To study the clinicopathological role and prognostic significance of intermedin expression in malignant pleural mesothelioma.
Methods
Pubmed, EMBASE, CNKI and Wanfang databases were searched for articles published from January 2006 to the present. The key words used in Chinese search were malignant pleural mesothelioma and mesothelin, and the key words used in English search were malignant mesothelioma and mesothelin. A summary of the relevant literature was read, and the journal literature related to this study was screened out. Three investigators screened and extracted the literature data, conducted statistical analysis, recorded the search results and evaluated the quality, and analyzed the relationship between the high expression of mesothelin and the clinicopathological effect and prognostic significance of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma.
Results
A total of 605 patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma were involved in the 7 literatures. According to the actual reference interval of the indicators, the cut-off value of serum mesothelin level was selected as 1.65nM, ≥ 1.65nM was recorded as high expression of mesothelin, < 1.65nM was recorded as low expression of mesothelin. High expression of mesothelin was associated with TNM stage (OR = 0.42, 95%CI: 0.26–0.66, P < 0.01), tumor invasion extent (OR = 0.58, 95%CI: 0.36–0.93, P < 0.05), and overall survival time (OR = 2.31, 95%CI: 1.47–3.65, P < 0.01).
Conclusions
The high expression of intermedin in malignant pleural mesothelioma has high clinicopathological and prognostic significance, which is worthy of clinical attention.
Sex differences in problematic pornography use among adolescents: a network analysis
Authors: Villena-Moya Alejandro , Potenza Marc N. , Roser Granero , Paiva Úrsula , Arrondo Gonzalo , Chiclana-Actis Carlos , Fernández-Aranda Fernando , Jiménez-Murcia Susana , Normand Enrique , Ballester Lluís , Mestre-Bach Gemma 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Pornography use is a common practice in adolescents and has been observed to be more prevalent in boys. There are different consequences associated with pornography use and problematic use that may present differently among boys and girls. This study presents a network analysis to understand relationships among different variables associated with pornography use (victimization, sexual double standard, loneliness, family relationships and sexual risk behaviors) and differences between boys and girls in a Spanish sample of N = 650 adolescents. The results show a higher frequency of problematic use of pornography in boys and more conservative models of sexuality. Girls show higher levels of online victimization and loneliness associated with pornography use. Some clinical implications of the study are discussed.
Blood count changes in malaria patients according to Blood Groups (ABO/Rh) and Sickle Cell Trait
Authors: Sacomboio Euclides , Zua Santo Doqui , Tchivango Adelino , Pululu António , Caumba Adilson , Paciência Adelina , Sati Danilson , Agostinho Sabina , Agostinho Yolanda , Mazanga Fernando , Sebastião Cruz , Paixão Joana Paula , Morais Joana 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Introduction:
Malaria continues to be the main cause of hospitalization and death in Angola, a sub-Saharan African country. In 2023, in the first quarter, 2,744,682 cases were registered, and of these 2,673 patients died due to the malaria disease. Previous studies showed that the ABO blood group can affect the progression of malaria to serious situations after P. falciparum infection while the sickle cell gene offers relative protection.
Objective:
We investigated changes in the blood count according to blood groups (ABO/Rh) and sickle cell trait in patients with malaria in Luanda, the capital city of Angola.
Methodology:
This was a longitudinal, prospective, and observational study with 198 patients hospitalized for malaria.
Results:
of the 198 patients studied, 13(6.6%) were ABRh(+), 4(2.0%) were ARh(-), 49(24.7%) were ARh(+), 42(21,2%) were BRh(+), 5(2.5%) were ORh(-), and 85(42.9%) were ORh(+). For sickle cell trait, 145(73.2%) were AA, 37(18.7%) were AS and 16(8.1%) were SS. No statistical relationship was observed between age group, sex, parasitemia, clinical picture, hematocrit, MCV, MCH, MCHC, WCB, NEUT, LINF, and PTL values with blood groups (p<0.05), but showed a relationship between hemoglobin values and ABO/Rh blood groups (p>0.05). There was no relationship between age, parasitemia, clinical condition, MCV, MCH and MCHC, WCB, NEUT, and LINF values with sickle cell trait (p<0.05), but there was a relationship between sex, hemoglobin and PTL values and sickle cell trait sickle cell (p>0.05).
Conclusion:
It is very important to differentiate patients with malaria based on blood groups and sickle cell trait, taking into account mainly the blood count parameters that demonstrate that there are patients who, depending on their blood group or sickle cell trait, may react weakly to the infection by malaria regardless of the degree of parasitemia and medical prognosis.
Diagnosis of Clostridium difficile: a wrong algorithm and an improvement in immunoassays
Authors: Recio Juan Luis 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We compared the 2-step and 3-step algorithms for diagnosis of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) in clinical cases between October and December 2023. We observed in 3-step algorithm 22 false positives (FP) among the 62 positives (35%), compared to 40 positives without FP in 2-step algorithm. All FP are positive for glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) and Toxin A and/or B immunochromatography (IC), and negative for toxigenic C.difficile PCR. When processing the samples with a solution of leukocidins and Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) the FP to GDH are negative, as well as FP from different immunoassays. The cause of FP is an interspecies cross-reaction between human leukocytes and mouse immunoglobulins, a method-dependent error (immunoassay) that increases the probability of FP in the 3-step algorithm. Modified algorithms and sample processing with MRSA and leukocidins allow equivalent results to the 2-step algorithm, with a reduction in the total number of molecular tests required (47-61%).
Protocol for Metadata and Image Collection at Diabetic Foot Ulcer Clinics: Enabling Research in Wound Analytics and Deep Learning
Authors: Basiri Reza , Manji Karim , LeLievre Philip M. , Toole John , Kim Faith , Khan Shehroz S. , Popovic Milos R. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background: The escalating impact of diabetes and its complications, including diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs), presents global challenges in quality of life, economics, and resources, affecting around half a billion people. DFU healing is hindered by hyperglycemia-related issues and diverse diabetes-related physiological changes, necessitating ongoing personalized care. Artificial intelligence and clinical research strive to address these challenges by facilitating early detection and efficient treatments despite resource constraints. This study establishes a standardized framework for DFU data collection, introducing a dedicated case report form and a comprehensive dataset named Zivot.
Results: Following this protocol, we created the Zivot dataset consisting of 269 patients with active DFUs, and about 3,700 RGB images and corresponding thermal and depth maps for the DFUs. The effectiveness of collecting a consistent and clean dataset was demonstrated using a bounding box prediction deep learning network that was constructed with EfficientNet as the feature extractor and UNet architecture. The network was trained on the Zivot dataset and the evaluation metrics showed promising values of 0.79 and 0.86 for F1-score and mAP segmentation metrics.
Conclusions: This work and the Zivot database offer a foundation for further exploration of holistic and multi-modal approaches to DFU research.
Minimum Supervision Levels Required for Pediatric Cardiology Fellowship Graduation by Pediatric Cardiology Program Directors
Authors: Karnik Ruchika , Robinson Bradley , Glickstein Julie , Schwartz Alan , Mink Richard , Neal Ashley E. , Frank Lowell H , McMahon Colin J. , Kim Michael , Turner David A. , Srivast Shubhika 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background: Entrustable Professional Activities (EPAs) are observable, essential tasks that subspecialists are expected to perform for safe and effective patient care. Pediatric Cardiology (PC) specific EPAs have been developed, but their general use in assessment for PC fellows for graduation requirements has yet to be studied.
Objective: To determine the minimum level of supervision (LOS) required for PC fellows to graduate and compare it with the minimum LOS expected for safe and effective practice for the 6 PC EPAs, from the perspective of PC fellowship program directors (FPD). Method: Six PC EPAs and their LOS scales were developed by medical educators in PC using a modified Delphi process and reviewed by the Subspecialty Pediatrics Investigator Network (SPIN). All FPDs of ACGME-accredited PC fellowships were surveyed through SPIN between April 2017 and August 2017. For each of the PC EPAs, the FPDs were asked to indicate the minimum LOS expected for graduation, whether they would allow a fellow to graduate if this level was not achieved. The minimum LOS expected for a practicing pediatric cardiologist to provide safe and effective patient care. The minimum level of supervision (LOS) was defined as the LOS for which no more than 20% of FPDs would want a lower level.
Results: The survey response rate was 80% (47/59). The majority of the FPDs did not require a minimum LOS of 5 corresponding to unsupervised practice in any of the 6 PC EPAs at graduation. For EPAs related to imaging, arrhythmia management, and management of cardiac problems, the minimum LOS for graduation was 3, corresponding to being “trusted to perform a task with indirect supervision for most simple and a few complex cases.” For the EPAs related to interventional cardiology, heart failure pulmonary hypertension, and cardiac intensive care, the minimum LOS for graduation was 2, corresponding to being “trusted to perform a task only with direct supervision and coaching.” The minimum LOS considered necessary for safe and effective practice for all but one EPA was 3. For the EPA related to the management of cardiac problems, the minimum LOS for safe practice was 4, corresponding to being “trusted to execute tasks independently except for few complex and critical cases.”
Conclusion: Most PC FPDs reported they would not require fellows to achieve the highest entrustment level for any of the 6 PC EPAs for graduation. It is crucial that educational programs evolve to address these essential activities during training better and that stakeholders ensure that graduating PC fellows have adequate resources and infrastructure to continue professional development as early-career pediatric cardiologists.