bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis, in-vitro and in-silico antibacterial and computational studies of selected thiosemicarbazone-benzaldehyde derivatives as potential antibiotics
Authors: Olanrewaju Adesoji A. , Oke David G. , Adekunle David O. , Adeleke Olufeyikemi A. , Akinola Omowumi T. , Emmanuel Abiodun V. , Oyeneyin Oluwatoba E. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThree new Schiff bases, (Z)-2-(4-(dimethylamino)benzylidene)-N-methylhydrazinecarbothioamide (PDM), (Z)-2-(2-hydroxy-5-nitrobenzylidene)-N-methylhydrazinecarbothioamide (5NS) and (Z)-2-(4-cyanobenzylidene)-N-methylhydrazinecarbothioamide (4CN) of thiosemicarbazone-benzaldehyde derivatives were synthesized by condensation reaction. These compounds were formed from the reaction of 4-methyl-3-thiosemicarbazide with p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde, 5-nitrosalicylaldehyde and 4-formylbenzonitrile respectively. The molecules synthesized were screened against bacterial isolates; Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus), and Gram-negative (Klebsiella pnuemoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacteria using agar well diffusion technique, supported by molecular docking and theoretical analysis through computational approach adopting a coupled DFT-B3LYP and 6-31G(d) basis set. The in-vitro antibacterial studies proofed that the compounds have a broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against the bacterial isolates while 5NS (21.0 mm) and PDMA (9.5 mm) have higher antibacterial activities than the standard drug, streptomycin against Staphylococcus aureus (16.5 mm) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (9.0 mm) respectively. Theoretical studies and molecular docking established the fact that these Schiff bases could be explored further as bioactive compounds against bacterial infections and also as corrosion inhibitors of metals in the oil and gas industry.
Graphical abstract
Development of an airfoil-based passive volumetric air sampling and flow control system for fixed-wing UAS
Authors: Mashni Hasan , Knaus Hermann , Platis Andreas , Bange Jens 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis study aims to develop a concept of a passive volumetric flow control system for gas sampling applications onboard fixed-wing UAS based on the pressure field around airfoils. The passive flow control system utilizes the aerodynamics of a UAS to create a vacuum pump effect that ensures constant gas sampling, which can be used to facilitate airborne aerosol and gas measurements. The pump effect is achieved by short-circuiting the pressure field’s minima and maxima points around an airfoil through pipes and 3D printed structures that could function both as a pump system and a gas measurement chamber. The design of this structurally integrated functionality brings many advantages for scientific applications, especially onboard small research UAS, which would dispense entirely with complex active pump systems, thus reducing weight and ensuring gas sampling at a constant volumetric flow rate independent of altitude and atmospheric variance. In favor of developing further applications, this paper outlines the development steps of the passive pump concept starting from the theory and numerical modeling of the effect to the implementation on board a fixed-wing UAS. Finally, possible improvements based on numerical models and flight measurements are discussed.
Stakeholders’ Perception on Youths’ e-Participation in Finland: Case Virtual Council
Authors: Juusola Henna , Varsaluoma Jari 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWidening youth participation is recognised as essential in national decision-making processes. One inclusive approach to achieving this is by providing e-participation possibilities targeted towards youth. In this qualitative study, we explore a digital prototype of a virtual council of youth in Finland and ask what factors either promote or hamper the ability of educational institutions, non-governmental youth organisations and public authorities to implement e-participation tools in their daily activities. Our data comprise six expert interviews reflecting the institutional approach to considering youth e-participation from the perspective of online deliberation. Thus, this research provides an empirical understanding of the role of youth e-participation by stating that a virtual youth council can provide inclusive participation opportunity for youth in a different geographical location in an era when different digital participation channels are likely to increase. Our study also shows that a virtual council of youth requires institutional collaboration with different stakeholder groups. However, the quality of implementation of the virtual council would be enhanced by taking into account youth interest, ensuring inclusiveness and clarifying the normative and political goals of youth (e-) participation.
Antiviral Lectins of the Plant Family Amaryllidaceae
Authors: Nair Jerald J. , van Staden Johannes 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPlants have long served as a first line of defence against viral-borne diseases. Their chemical constituents have also afforded a sound basis for antiviral drug discovery. The plant family Amaryllidaceae is distinguished for its isoquinoline alkaloids, some of which have proved to be interesting antiviral drug leads. Its lectin (or agglutinin) principles have likewise attracted considerable attention as potential antiviral drugs. This review focuses on the antiviral activities that have been described for the lectins of the Amaryllidaceae. Of the thirty lectins known in the family, fourteen have been screened against nearly seventy pathogens belonging to thirteen viral families. Whilst good activities were reported in most cases, the lectins from Galanthus nivalis, Narcissus pseudonarcissus and Hippeastrum hybrid were identified with the best overall activities. They displayed potent inhibitory effects against the human immunodeficiency virus HIV-1(IIIB) proliferation in CEM lymphoblastic cells (EC50s 0.005, 0.009 and 0.004 μM, respectively). Although significant effort was dedicated to the Retroviridae, noteworthy effects were also observed against members of other viral families (such as hepatitis C virus of the Flaviviridae). Furthermore, the lectins were shown to be highly selective antiviral agents, devoid of significant toxicities towards the nearly forty cells employed as hosts. Almost all of the details of their modes of operation have emerged from studies carried out on HIV. They were shown to inhibit viral attachment, fusion and adsorption to a variety of host cells. Modulation of viral entry was shown to occur via interference with the virus envelope glycoprotein. These observations fit into the key biological characteristic of lectins, that of sugar-binding proteins.
Graphical Abstract
Perception of simulation-based first-aid training by medical students: a qualitative descriptive study
Authors: Plch Lukáš , Barvík Daniel , Prokopová Tereza , Pilátová Aneta , Vafková Tereza , Zounek Jiří 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAlthough first aid should be common knowledge for healthcare professionals, medical students still have gaps in this area. Simulation-based first-aid courses can overcome these shortcomings. To better understand the impact of these courses, they need to be researched both in terms of learning outcomes and overall participant perception. We conducted fifteen semi-structured interviews with students who completed the First-Aid Simulation Course or the Practical First-Aid Course. The questions focused on the perception of communication, emotional aspects, teamwork, debriefing and the overall administration of the courses. To find the answers to the research questions, we used the qualitative descriptive study design following the principles of inductive thematic analysis. Our findings confirm that many factors impact the performance of students in crisis situations during a simulation-based first-aid course. Four main themes were identified through which the participants perceived the simulation-based first-aid courses. These were team dynamics, fidelity perception, emotional strain and debriefing.
Economic evaluation of energy storage integrated with wind power
Authors: Zhang Xinjing , Feng Lu , Li Xiaoyu , Xu Yujie , Wang Liang , Chen Haisheng 
Published: July 2023

AbstractEnergy storage can further reduce carbon emission when integrated into the renewable generation. The integrated system can produce additional revenue compared with wind-only generation. The challenge is how much the optimal capacity of energy storage system should be installed for a renewable generation. Electricity price arbitrage was considered as an effective way to generate benefits when connecting to wind generation and grid. This wind-storage coupled system can make benefits through a time-of-use (TOU) tariff. A proportion of electricity is stored from the wind power system at off-peak time (low price), and released to the customer at peak time (high price). Thus, extra benefits are added to the wind-storage system compared with wind-only system. A Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm based optimization model was constructed for this integrated system including constraints of state-of-charge (SOC), maximum storage and release powers etc. The proposed optimization model was to obtain the optimal capacity of energy storage system and its operation control strategy of the storage-release processes, to maximize the revenue of the coupled system considering the arbitrage. Furthermore, the energy storage can provide reserve ancillary services for the grid, which generates benefits. The benefits of energy storage system through reserve ancillary services were also calculated. A case study was analyzed with respect to yearly wind generation and electricity price profiles. The benefit compared with no energy storage scenario was calculated. The impact of the energy storage efficiency, cost and lifetime was considered. The sensitivity and optimization capacity under various conditions were calculated. An optimization capacity of energy storage system to a certain wind farm was presented, which was a significant value for the development of energy storage system to integrate into a wind farm.
Shall androids dream of genocides? How generative AI can change the future of memorialization of mass atrocities
Authors: Makhortykh Mykola , Zucker Eve M. , Simon David J. , Bultmann Daniel , Ulloa Roberto 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe memorialization of mass atrocities such as war crimes and genocides facilitates the remembrance of past suffering, honors those who resisted the perpetrators, and helps prevent the distortion of historical facts. Digital technologies have transformed memorialization practices by enabling less top-down and more creative approaches to remember mass atrocities. At the same time, they may also facilitate the spread of denialism and distortion, attempt to justify past crimes and attack the dignity of victims. The emergence of generative forms of artificial intelligence (AI), which produce textual and visual content, has the potential to revolutionize the field of memorialization even further. AI can identify patterns in training data to create new narratives for representing and interpreting mass atrocities—and do so in a fraction of the time it takes for humans. The use of generative AI in this context raises numerous questions: For example, can the paucity of training data on mass atrocities distort how AI interprets some atrocity-related inquiries? How important is the ability to differentiate between human- and AI-made content concerning mass atrocities? Can AI-made content be used to promote false information concerning atrocities? This article addresses these and other questions by examining the opportunities and risks associated with using generative AIs for memorializing mass atrocities. It also discusses recommendations for AIs integration in memorialization practices to steer the use of these technologies toward a more ethical and sustainable direction.
The complexities of postcolonial international health: Karl Evang in India 1953
Authors: Engh Sunniva 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn February and March 1953, a WHO Visiting Team of Medical Scientists worked in India, collaborating with local medical students and professionals. This article studies the complexities of early postcolonial international health work and the relations between the young WHO and the newly independent countries, from the position of the team’s vice chairman, Norwegian doctor Karl Evang. While the WHO aimed to create dialogue and interaction, also learning from the host country, the article finds that an equal exchange of views between visitors and hosts was not achieved. The topic pertains to discussions on power and influence in international organisations and governance, development and health work, within a South Asian setting. Studying intellectual exchanges between Evang and his Indian interlocutors sheds light on India’s role as both receptive and generative site of ideas and political practice, contributing to broader debates on the appropriation, refashioning and application of political ideas in independent India. Also, at a time of new directions in international health, and considering Evang’s social medicine conviction, an additional question concerns the role of social medicine. The article underlines the existence of multiple, parallel tracks in international health work, and argues the need to portray international health as a complex mosaic, rather than a step-by-step development. The case has relevance as historians endeavour to make international and global history more diverse, as through Evang we capture parts of a broader international involvement of people and nation states in the WHO and its work in the early post-war period.
Fast and slow language processing: A window into dual-process models of cognition
Authors: Ferreira Fernanda , Huettig Falk 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Our understanding of dual-process models of cognition may benefit from a consideration of language processing, as language comprehension involves fast and slow processes analogous to those used for reasoning. More specifically, De Neys's criticisms of the exclusivity assumption and the fast-to-slow switch mechanism are consistent with findings from the literature on the construction and revision of linguistic interpretations.
Hoist by its own petard: The ironic and fatal flaws of dual-process theory
Authors: Melnikoff David E. , Bargh John A. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
By stipulating the existence of a system 1 and a system 2, dual-process theories raise questions about how these systems function. De Neys identifies several such questions for which no plausible answers have ever been offered. What makes the nature of systems 1 and 2 so difficult to ascertain? The answer is simple: The systems do not exist.
Environmental management, environmental innovation, and productivity growth: a global firm-level investigation
Authors: Wu Ruohan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis paper empirically investigates the economic effects of environmental activities. To be specific, it investigates the interactive influence of firms' environmental management and environmental innovation on their productivity. We consider both internal and external environmental management practices of global firms observed from 41 countries between 2017 and 2019. We also consider both inputs and outputs of firms' innovation activities that aim to reduce environmental impacts. Multiple indices are constructed to comprehensively evaluate firms' environmental activities, and productivity is estimated with a semi-parametric method. We find that environmental management and environmental innovation are directly correlated to each other and both substantially promote productivity; however, they tend to substitute each other's positive effects on productivity. Other variables such as globalization, government, labor inputs, and informal competition strongly affect firm productivity too.
Fibrosis severity scoring on Sirius red histology with multiple-instance deep learning
Authors: Naik Sneha N. , Forlano Roberta , Manousou Pinelopi , Goldin Robert , Angelini Elsa D. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is now the leading cause of chronic liver disease, affecting approximately 30% of people worldwide. Histopathology reading of fibrosis patterns is crucial to diagnosing NAFLD. In particular, separating mild from severe stages corresponds to a critical transition as it correlates with clinical outcomes. Deep Learning for digitized histopathology whole-slide images (WSIs) can reduce high inter- and intra-rater variability. We demonstrate a novel solution to score fibrosis severity on a retrospective cohort of 152 Sirius-Red WSIs, with fibrosis stage annotated at slide level by an expert pathologist. We exploit multiple instance learning and multiple-inferences to address the sparsity of pathological signs. We achieved an accuracy of

$ 78.98\pm 5.86\% $

, an F1 score of

$ 77.99\pm 5.64\%, $

and an AUC of

$ 0.87\pm 0.06 $

. These results set new state-of-the-art benchmarks for this application.
Response of cardiac pulse parameters in humans at various inclinations via 360° rotating platform for simulated microgravity perspective
Authors: Jagtap Sagar , Kumar Ajay , Mahale Bhoopesh , Dixit Jyotsana , Kalange Ashok E. , Kanawade Rajesh , Gangal Shashikala , Vidyasagar Pandit 
Published: July 2023

AbstractOn the Earth, the human body is designed and adapted to function under uniform gravitational acceleration. However, exposure to microgravity or weightlessness as experienced by astronauts in space causes significant alterations in the functioning of the human cardiovascular system. Due to limitations in using real microgravity platforms, researchers opted for various ground-based microgravity analogs including head-down tilt (HDT) at fixed inclination. However, in the present study, an investigation of response of various cardiac parameters and their circulatory adaptation in 18 healthy male subjects was undertaken by using an indigenously developed 360° rotating platform. Cardiac pulse was recorded from 0° to 360° in steps of 30° inclination using piezoelectric pulse sensor (MLT1010) and associated cardiac parameters were analyzed. The results showed significant changes in the pulse shape while an interesting oscillating pattern was observed in associated cardiac parameters when rotated from 0° to 360°. The response of cardiac parameters became normal after returning to supine posture indicating the ability of the cardiovascular system to reversibly adapt to the postural changes. The observed changes in cardiac parameters at an inclination of 270°, in particular, were found to be comparable with spaceflight studies. Based on the obtained results and the proposed extended version of fluid redistribution mechanism, we herewith hypothesize that the rotation of a subject to head down tilt inclination (270°) along with other inclinations could represent a better microgravity analog for understanding the cumulative cardiac response of astronauts in space, particularly for short duration space missions.
The international space station packed bed reactor experiment: capillary effects in gas-liquid two-phase flows
Authors: Taghavi Mahsa , Motil Brian J. , Nahra Henry , Balakotaiah Vemuri 
Published: July 2023

AbstractExperimental data on flow patterns and pressure drop in two-phase gas-liquid flows through a packed bed obtained aboard the International Space Station (ISS) are analyzed in the limit of low flow rates. Four distinct flow regimes (dispersed bubble, pulse, elongated or large bubble, and gas continuous) are observed and the transition boundaries are identified by a change in the slope of the pressure gradient versus flow rate. It is found that the pressure drop is a function of flow history with the relative magnitude of the hysteresis decreasing with increasing gas or liquid flow rates. Pressure drop (or friction factor) correlations are presented for each of the flow regimes. The capillary or interfacial contribution to the pressure gradient is found to be dominant in the gas channeling regime but comparable to the viscous contribution in the large bubble regime. Preliminary data indicating the slow accumulation of the gas in the bed in the large bubble regime over a longer time period and the intermittent nature of this regime are also presented.
Impact of WeChat guidance on bowel preparation for colonoscopy: a quasi-experiment study
Authors: Guan Yifang , Song Yanjun , Li Xiaona , Zhang Aijun , Li Ruyuan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractColonoscopy is a standard procedure for screening, monitoring, and treating colorectal lesions. To explore the impact of WeChat guidance on bowel preparation before colonoscopy. This quasi-experiment study included patients who underwent colonoscopy at Qingdao Endoscopy Center between March 2016 and September 2016. The primary outcome was bowel preparation quality (Ottawa score), the secondary outcomes were intubation time, withdrawal time, adenoma detection rate (ADR), and adverse reactions. Finally, 588 patients were included and divided into the WeChat guide (n = 295) and the non-WeChat guide (n = 293) groups, they were comparable in baseline characteristics. The Ottawa score (1.59 ± 1.07 vs. 6.62 ± 3.07, P < 0.001), intubation time (6.47 ± 1.81 vs. 11.61 ± 3.34, P < 0.001), withdrawal time (13.15 ± 3.93 vs. 14.99 ± 6.77, P < 0.001), and occurrence rate of adverse reactions (2.0% vs. 5.5%, P = 0.029) were significantly lower in the WeChat guide group than those in the non-WeChat guide group. ADR was significantly higher in the WeChat guide than that in the non-WeChat guide group (1.47 ± 2.30 vs. 0.84 ± 1.66, P < 0.001). WeChat guidance might improve the quality of bowel preparation and adenoma detection rate, shorten the time of colonoscopy, and reduce adverse reactions in bowel preparation.
Synthesis and characterization of keratinase laden green synthesized silver nanoparticles for valorization of feather keratin
Authors: Sharma Isha , Gupta Pranshi , Kango Naveen 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis study focuses on the efficient and cost-effective synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using plant extracts, which have versatile and non-toxic applications. The research objectives include synthesizing AgNPs from readily available plant extracts, optimizing their production and multi scale characterization, along with exploring their use for enzyme immobilization and mitigation of poultry feather waste. Among the plant extracts tested, the flower extract of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis (HF) showed the most potential for AgNP synthesis. The synthesis of HF-mediated AgNPs was optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) for efficient and environment friendly production. Additionally, the keratinase enzyme obtained from Bacillus sp. NCIM 5802 was covalently linked to AgNPs, forming a keratinase nanocomplex (KNC) whose biochemical properties were evaluated. The KNC demonstrated optimal activity at pH 10.0 and 60 °C and it displayed remarkable stability in the presence of various inhibitors, metal ions, surfactants, and detergents. Spectroscopic techniques such as FTIR, UV–visible, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis were employed to investigate the formation of biogenic HF-AgNPs and KNC, confirming the presence of capping and stabilizing agents. The morphological characteristics of the synthesized AgNPs and KNC were determined using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and particle size analysis. The study highlighted the antimicrobial, dye scavenging, and antioxidant properties of biogenic AgNPs and KNC, demonstrating their potential for various applications. Overall, this research showcases the effectiveness of plant extract-driven green synthesis of AgNPs and the successful development of keratinase-laden nanocomplexes, opening possibilities for their use in immobilizing industrial and commercial enzymes.