bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sorghum oleoresins: Effect of extraction on compositional and structural characteristics
Authors: Kaya Eda Ceren , Yucel Umut , Peiris Shantha , Aramouni Fadi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractOleoresins are resin‐like viscous materials obtained from plants, oilseeds, or spices with functional properties. The objectives of this study were to obtain oleoresins from waxy burgundy sorghum grain, and to characterize the effects of extraction process and solvents on their composition and functional properties. Oleoresins were obtained by using the following solvents with and without ball milling: two types of novel ionic liquids (IL1: 1‐n‐Hexyl‐3‐methylimidazoliumchloride, IL2: 1‐Ethyl‐3‐methylimidazoliumchloride), ethanol and dichloromethane. The effects of processing were evaluated for the extraction yield, protein, fat and total phenolic content, fatty acid composition, particle size and zeta potential, and FTIR spectra. The use of ILs and ball mill process significantly (p < 0.05) affected the extraction yield and physicochemical properties. The highest extraction yields increased (31.35% ± 0.58) when ball milling used with IL2 in comparison to the lowest (18.37% ± 0.77) obtained by traditional ethanol extraction. In a similar way, protein concentration and phenolic content were the highest (1.37% ± 0.05 and 0.57% ± 0.01, respectively) with ball milling extraction and IL1. The FTIR spectra indicated higher phospholipids (at 1200 cm−1) and protein‐phospholipid bonding (at 1700 cm−1) by ILs, and ball milling as compared to traditional extraction. Overall, wet milling‐assisted extraction by using a ball mill and ILs provided control over the composition of the oleoresins important for value‐added food applications and higher extraction efficiencies as compared to traditional techniques.
Polyols from castor oil (Ricinus communis) and epoxidized soybean oil (Glycine max) for application as a lubricant base
Authors: Stradolini Paola , Gryczak Marcelo , Petzhold Cesar Liberato 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPolyols are widely synthesized from fossil sources and applied in multiple sectors of the industry as raw material for polyurethane production and also as lubricants. Although the preparation method normally used is efficient and practical, it is necessary to develop environmentally friendly synthesis route that reduce pollution. This study focuses on an alternative synthetic route for the synthesis of polyols using only raw materials from renewable sources. Polyols were successfully obtained by modifying castor oil and epoxidized soybean oil through transesterification, transamidation and oxirane ring opening. The polyols were then characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance (1H and 13C‐NMR), acidity index (AI), thermogravimetry (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), size exclusion chromatography (SEC), dynamic viscosity and exploratory scanning of ecotoxicological parameters using Artemia salina. The results highlight the promising potential of transamidated castor oil (TACO) polyol in the field of biolubricants, attributed to its high viscosity index, oxidative stability and, ecofriendly behavior.
Preparation and biotribological properties of PSBMA polyelectrolyte brush on PEEK surface
Authors: Zhang Weipeng , Shen Jiajia , Xu Jiangchuan , Zhang Liuwang , Luo Yong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPEEK has been widely used in orthopedic implants for three decades. However, poor hydrophilicity and lower tribological properties are the weaknesses of PEEK that need to be optimized in artificial joint applications. Zwitterionic sulfobetaine methacrylate (SBMA) polyelectrolyte brushes are prepared on the PEEK surface by UV irradiation to improve the hydrophilicity and biotribological properties. The three‐factor and three‐level orthogonal experiments are designed to investigate the effects of monomer concentration, irradiation time, and temperature of the grafting quantity of SBMA on the PEEK surface. The composition of the grafted PEEK specimens is characterized by attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR‐FTIR) and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Hydrophilicity and biotribological properties are also characterized. Results show that SBMA is successfully grafted onto the PEEK surface by UV‐induced grafting polymerization, and the effects of the three process parameters on the grafting quantity are ranked as concentration > time > temperature. The hydrophilicity and biotribological properties are significantly improved due to the graft of the hydrophilic PSBMA polyelectrolyte brushes, and the improved biotribological can be attributed to the load‐bearing capacity of PSBMA polyelectrolyte brush and the boundary lubrication formed by the adsorption of water molecules.
Comparison of Effectiveness of the Novel Periosteal Pedicle Graft Technique with Coronally Advanced Flap for the Treatment of Long‐Span Unesthetic Multiple Gingival Recession Defects
Authors: Mahajan Ajay , Asi Kanwarjit Singh 
Published: September 2023

IntroductionMultiple gingival recession defects (MGRD) are considered a complex clinical scenario; therefore, recent scientific evidence suggests the need for further clinical research for treating MGRD. While coronally advanced flap (CAF) is an established procedure for the effective management of MGRD, its success is limited in terms of long‐term stability. The periosteal pedicle graft (PPG) has been drawing considerable attention as a treatment modality for managing gingival recession defects (GRD) owing to its immense regenerative potential and has shown promising results.Case SeriesThirty‐five patients, with maxillary MGRD in the age group of 25 to 40 years were randomly divided into PPG (test) and CAF (control) groups. The percentage of root coverage along with mean change in probing depth (PD), gingival thickness (GT), width of keratinized gingiva (WKG) and width of attached gingiva (WAG) were recorded, at baseline and after 1 year. Patient satisfaction criteria were also compared, and the results were analyzed statistically.ConclusionAfter 1 year, the test group had 91.3% defect coverage while the control group had 76.3% defect coverage. PPG was more predictable than CAF in terms of percent root coverage with superior esthetic outcomes for the treatment of MGRD.
Rendering and presentation of 3D digital ink landscape painting
Authors: Li Xunxiang , Huang Yufang , Jiang Ziyan , Liu Yi , Hou Yiru 
Published: September 2023

AbstractExplore the digital rendering mode with texturing brush and ink effect, analyze and simulate the brush and ink characteristics of traditional Chinese ink painting, especially the art of landscape painting, and try to integrate the texture of wrinkle method synthesis map and modeling technology based on particle deposition and stacking (overlapping) to render, thus realizing the computer simulation of small freehand brushwork and large freehand brushwork (splash ink) ink effects in traditional landscape painting. This research inherits and develops the esthetic theory and thought of traditional ink painting art, and makes some beneficial exploration in the field of digital freehand ink painting, which has positive reference value and promotion significance for the development of Chinese ink painting.
Hepatectomy for massive hepatic necrosis after transcatheter arterial embolization hemostasis for hepatic hemorrhage following hepatic trauma: A case report
Authors: Hanaki Takehiko , Tokuyasu Naruo , Yata Shinsaku , Kishino Mikiya , Murakami Yuki , Shishido Yuji , Miyatani Kozo , Kihara Kyoichi , Matsunaga Tomoyuki , Yamamoto Manabu , Sakamoto Teruhisa , Hasegawa Toshimichi , Fujiwara Yoshiyuki 
Published: September 2023

Key Clinical MessageAlthough partial hepatic necrosis often occurs following endovascular treatment for bleeding associated with hepatic trauma, it is relatively rare that additional treatment is required. However, invasive procedures such as hepatic resection should sometimes be considered when infection occurs over massive hepatic necrosis.AbstractAlthough partial hepatic necrosis following endovascular treatment for bleeding associated with hepatic trauma is occasionally experienced, it is relatively rare for the necrotic area of the liver to require additional treatment. However, invasive procedures such as hepatic resection should sometimes be considered when infection occurs over massive hepatic necrosis.
Emergency management of colon adenocarcinoma in an adolescent female: A rare case report
Authors: Harshini Chintapenta , Harsha T. Sri , Rajkumar Billakanti , Shaikh Humaira , Habib Nooreen , Anand Ayush 
Published: September 2023

Key Clinical MessageColorectal carcinoma (CRC) should be suspected in pediatric patients with a bowel obstruction in an emergency setting. Evidence‐based surgical management with chemotherapy is crucial to prevent adverse outcomes.AbstractCRC should be suspected in pediatric patients presenting to the emergency with unspecified abdominal pain. An erect X‐ray abdomen and a colonoscopy should be initial diagnostic tests. If colonoscopy raises suspicion of CRC, a biopsy during colonoscopy is indicated. A computed tomography scan of the chest, abdomen, and pelvis will also aid in diagnosis, staging, and planning intervention. In advanced cases, the intervention includes proximal diversion, bypass, and bowel resection with anastomosis. Sometimes postoperative chemotherapy may be required.
The Diversity of Cucurbituril Molecular Switches and Shuttles
Authors: Kermagoret Anthony , Bardelang David 
Published: September 2023

AbstractRing translocation switches and shuttles featuring a macrocycle (or a ring molecule) navigating between two or more stations continue to attract attention. While the vast majority of these systems are developed in organic solvents, the cucurbituril (CB) macrocycles are ideally suited to prepare such systems in water. Indeed, their stability and their relatively high affinity for relevant guest molecules are key attributes toward translating the progresses made in organic solvents, into water. This concept article summarizes the findings, key advances and multiple possibilities offered by CBs toward advanced molecular switches and shuttles in water.
Poly(arylene iminoborane)s, Analogues of Poly(arylene vinylene) with a BN‐Doped Backbone: A Comprehensive Study
Authors: Maier Matthias , Chorbacher Johannes , Hellinger Anna , Klopf Jonas , Günther Julian , Helten Holger 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDespite the great success of the concept of doping organic compounds with BN units to access new materials with tailored properties, its use in polymer chemistry has only been realized quite recently. Herein, we present a comprehensive study of oligo‐ and poly(arylene iminoborane)s comprising a backbone of phenylene or thiophene moieties, as well as combinations thereof, linked via B=N units. The novel polymers can be regarded as BN analogues of poly(p‐phenylene vinylene) (PPV) or poly(thiophene vinylene) (PTV) or their copolymers. Our modular synthetic approach allowed us to prepare four polymers and 12 monodisperse oligomers with modulated electronic properties. Alternating electron‐releasing diaminoarylene and electron‐accepting diborylarylene building blocks gave rise to a pronounced donor‐acceptor character. Effective π‐conjugation over the arylene iminoborane backbone is evidenced by systematic bathochromic shifts of the low‐energy UV‐vis absorption maximum with increasing chain length, which is furthermore supported by crystallographic and computational investigations. Furthermore, all compounds investigated show emission of visible light in the solid state and aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) behavior, due to the presence of partially flexible linear B=N linkages in the backbone.
Cancer incidence in the US military: An updated analysis
Authors: Bytnar Julie A. , McGlynn Katherine A. , Nealeigh Matthew D. , Shriver Craig D. , Zhu Kangmin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundMilitary and general populations differ in factors related to cancer occurrence and diagnosis. This study compared incidence of colorectal, lung, prostate, testicular, breast, and cervical cancers between the US military and general US populations.MethodsData from the US Department of Defense’s Automated Central Tumor Registry (ACTUR) and the National Cancer Institute’s Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program were analyzed. Persons in ACTUR were active‐duty members 20–59 years old during 1990–013. The same criteria applied to persons in SEER. Age‐adjusted incidence rates, incidence rate ratios, and 95% confidence intervals were calculated by sex, race, age, and cancer stage. Temporal trends were analyzed.ResultsACTUR had higher rates of prostate and breast cancers, particularly in 40‐ to 59‐year‐olds. Further analyses by tumor stage showed this was primarily confined to localized stage. Incidence rates of colorectal, lung, testicular, and cervical cancers were significantly lower in ACTUR than in SEER, primarily for regional and distant tumors in men. Temporal incidence trends were generally similar overall and by stage between the populations, although distant colorectal cancer incidence tended to decrease starting in 2006 in ACTUR whereas it increased during the same period in SEER.ConclusionHigher rates of breast and prostate cancers in servicemembers 40–59 years of age than in the general population may result from greater cancer screening utilization or cumulative military exposures. Lower incidence of other cancers in servicemembers may be associated with better health status.
Artificial neural network‐driven federated learning for heart stroke prediction in healthcare 4.0 underlying 5G
Authors: Bhatt Harsh , Jadav Nilesh Kumar , Kumari Aparna , Gupta Rajesh , Tanwar Sudeep , Polkowski Zdzislaw , Tolba Amr , Hassanein Azza S. 
Published: September 2023

SummaryIn recent years, smart healthcare, artificial intelligence (AI)‐aided diagnostics, and automated surgical robots are just a few of the innovations that have emerged and gained popularity with the advent of Healthcare 4.0. Such technologies are powered by machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL), which are preferable for disease diagnosis, identifying patterns, prescribing treatments, and forecasting diseases like stroke prediction, cancer prediction and so forth. Nevertheless, much data is needed for AI, ML, and DL‐based systems to train effectively and provide the desired outcomes. Further, it raises concerns about data privacy, security, communication overhead, regulatory compliance and so forth. Federated learning (FL) is a technology that protects data security and privacy by limiting data sharing and utilizing model information of distributed systems to enhance performance. However, existing approaches are traditionally verified on pre‐established datasets that fail to capture real‐life applicability. Therefore, this study proposes an AI‐enabled stroke prediction architecture consisting of FL based on the artificial neural network (ANN) model using data from actual stroke cases. This architecture can be implemented on healthcare‐based wearable devices (WD) for real‐time use as it is effective, precise, and computationally affordable. In order to continuously enhance the performance of the global model, the proposed FL‐based architecture aggregates the optimizer weights of many clients using a fifth‐generation (5G) communication channel. Then, the performance of the proposed FL‐based architecture is studied based on multiple parameters such as accuracy, precision, recall, bit error rate, and spectral noise. It outperforms the traditional approaches regarding accuracy, which is 5% to 10% higher.
UAV instantaneous power consumption prediction using LR‐TCN with simple moving average
Authors: Dudukcu Hatice Vildan , Taskiran Murat , Kahraman Nihan 
Published: September 2023

SummaryThe usage of multi‐rotor unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) has rapidly increased in a variety of industries recently, which has caused a quick rise in the quantity of research works on the topic. Remaining battery life prediction, anomaly detection and instantaneous power consumption prediction are among the topics that attract the most attention of researchers. This article presents the development and utilization of a modified temporal convolutional network (TCN) model, a commonly employed approach for anomaly detection and instantaneous power consumption prediction in unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). The first modification to the TCN model was to use the Leaky ReLu activation function in place of the rectified linear unit (ReLu) activation function from the original TCN model. In the next step, instantaneous power consumption prediction for UAVs was performed by using the data obtained from both sensors and simple moving average (SMA) algorithm. As a result of the tests performed with the created simulation setup, it has been clearly shown that the proposed method gives better results compared to other deep learning models used for comparison with the lowest RMSE of 0.0496.
Collection and Analysis of Vaginal Smears to Assess Reproductive Stage in Mice
Authors: Quignon Clarisse 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAn increasing number of scientific studies include female mice to assess possible sex differences. As such, for reproducibility by others, it is important to consider hormonal levels, i.e., report the reproductive status of the female mice used. The mouse estrous cycle can be divided in 4 stages, all characterized by a different proportion of 3 cell types found in vaginal secretions. Observation of the mouse vaginal opening and collection of vaginal smears for analysis of cytology can be done in order to determine puberty onset and estrus stage. This protocol describes the characteristics of each estrus stage and details a quick and low‐invasive method for collection of vaginal secretions. Examples of estrous cycle stages are included to help the investigator visualize patterns of cyclicity, which can provide important information about the reproductive health of the mice. Published 2023. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.Basic Protocol 1: Visual assessment of vaginal openingBasic Protocol 2: Collection of vaginal secretion (smears)
Effect of elastic scattering between ions and neutral particles on ion transport perpendicular to magnetic fields in divertor plasmas
Authors: Umezaki Daisuke , Matsuura Hideaki , Hoshino Kazuo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn divertor plasmas, atomic processes play a significant role in reducing the divertor heat load. In particular, the elastic scattering between ions and neutral particles can be characterized as a large‐angle scattering; this is in contrast with Coulomb scattering, which is dominated by small‐angle scattering. In a large‐angle scattering, a large fraction of the ion energy is transferred to the neutral particle, and the particle flight direction can be changed significantly. This process can generate additional particle transport perpendicular to magnetic field lines and affect plasma density profile in neutral‐rich divertor regions. However, in most edge plasma simulation codes, the elastic scattering with neutral particles is not taken into account in the direction perpendicular to the magnetic field lines. In this study, we performed a 2D orbital calculation without other drifts such as diamagnetic and E × B drifts to assess the effect of the elastic scattering on the density profile. The peak density is found to be decreased by 11.1 (6.3)% compared with the model that ignores the transport due to the elastic scattering, even at 3.0 (5.0) T magnetic field similar to that of the JT‐60SA (JA DEMO reactor) class. In addition, the ion transport can be expressed as a diffusion model by integrating the differential cross section over the large‐angle scattering range . The proposed method may be easily introduced into any integrated codes to consider the elastic scattering.
A novel process for H&E, immunofluorescence, and imaging mass cytometry on a single slide with a concise analytics pipeline
Authors: Marlin M. Caleb , Stephens Tayte , Wright Christian , Smith Miles , Wright Kyle , Guthridge Joel M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractImaging mass cytometry (IMC) is a powerful spatial technology that utilizes cytometry time of flight to acquire multiplexed image datasets with up to 40 markers, via metal‐tagged antibodies. Recent advances in IMC have led to the inclusion of RNAScope probes and multiple new analysis pipelines have led to faster analyses and better results. However, IMC still suffers from lower resolution (1 μm2 pixels) and relatively small regions of interest (ROIs) (<2 mm2) compared to other, light‐based microscope technologies. Capturing higher‐resolution images on serial sections causes great difficulty when attempting to align cells and structures across serial sections, especially when observing smaller cell types and structures. Therefore, we demonstrate the combination of H&E and multiplex immunofluorescence imaging, for much higher resolution of the structural and cellular compartments found throughout the entire tissue section, with the high‐dimensionality of IMC for specific ROIs on a single slide. Additionally, we demonstrate a simple and effective open‐source cell segmentation and IMC analysis pipeline with previously published and freely available software.
Fabricating freestanding electrocatalyst with bismuth‐iron dual active sites for efficient ammonia synthesis in neutral media
Authors: Sun Ying , Sun Zhuoying , Zhang Wei , Li Wentao , Liu Chang , Zhao Qin , Huang Zihang , Li Hui , Wang Jingang , Ma Tianyi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractElectrocatalytic N2 reduction (NRR) has been regarded as a promising approach for environment‐friendly and sustainable ammonia (NH3) synthesis. However, developing cost‐effective electrocatalysts with high NRR efficiency at low overpotential in neutral media remains a great challenge. In this paper, a freestanding NRR electrocatalyst, BiFeO/FCC, has been developed by in situ growth of bismuth ferrite (Bi25FeO40) on functionalized carbon cloth (FCC), which exhibits high NRR activity with a maximum NH3 yield of 3.88 μg h−1 cm−2 (at −0.40 V vs. reversible hydrogen electrode [RHE]) and a Faradaic efficiency of 12.71% (at −0.45 V vs. RHE) in 0.1 M Na2SO4. The synergistic effect of the abundant exposed bismuth and iron dual active sites confined in the lattice, the binder‐free nature of the electrode and the excellent conductivity of the carbon substrate enable the easy adsorption/activation of N2 and accelerate the electron transfer simultaneously, thus boosting its NRR performance. This work is significant to design low‐cost, and high‐efficient NRR catalysts for large‐scale electrocatalytic NH3 synthesis.