bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multimorbidity patterns in COVID-19 patients and their relationship with infection severity: MRisk-COVID study
Authors: Lleal Marina , Corral-Vazquez Celia , Baré Montserrat , Comet Ricard , Herranz Susana , Baigorri Francisco , Gimeno-Miguel Antonio , Raurich Maria , Fortià Cristina , Navarro Marta , Poblador-Plou Beatriz , Baré Marisa 
Published: August 2023

Background
Several chronic conditions have been identified as risk factors for severe COVID-19 infection, yet the implications of multimorbidity need to be explored. The objective of this study was to establish multimorbidity clusters from a cohort of COVID-19 patients and assess their relationship with infection severity/mortality.

Methods
The MRisk-COVID Big Data study included 14 286 COVID-19 patients of the first wave in a Spanish region. The cohort was stratified by age and sex. Multimorbid individuals were subjected to a fuzzy c-means cluster analysis in order to identify multimorbidity clusters within each stratum. Bivariate analyses were performed to assess the relationship between severity/mortality and age, sex, and multimorbidity clusters.

Results
Severe infection was reported in 9.5% (95% CI: 9.0–9.9) of the patients, and death occurred in 3.9% (95% CI: 3.6–4.2). We identified multimorbidity clusters related to severity/mortality in most age groups from 21 to 65 years. In males, the cluster with highest percentage of severity/mortality was Heart-liver-gastrointestinal (81–90 years, 34.1% severity, 29.5% mortality). In females, the clusters with the highest percentage of severity/mortality were Diabetes-cardiovascular (81–95 years, 22.5% severity) and Psychogeriatric (81–95 years, 16.0% mortality).

Conclusion
This study characterized several multimorbidity clusters in COVID-19 patients based on sex and age, some of which were found to be associated with higher rates of infection severity/mortality, particularly in younger individuals. Further research is encouraged to ascertain the role of specific multimorbidity patterns on infection prognosis and identify the most vulnerable morbidity profiles in the community.

Trial registration
NCT04981249. Registered 4 August 2021 (retrospectively registered).
Detailed characterization of Redondovirus in saliva of SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals in Sao Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Charlys da Costa Antonio , Mendes-Correa Maria C. , Tozetto-Mendoza Tania Regina , Villas-Boas Lucy S. , de Paula Anderson Vicente , Paiao Heuder Gustavo Oliveira , Leal Fabio E. , Ferreira Noely E. , Honorato Layla , Leal Elcio , Grandi Giuliano , dos Santos Morais Vanessa , Manuli Erika R. , Sabino Ester C. , Witkin Steven S. 
Published: August 2023

Background
Redondovirus (ReDoV) is a DNA virus present in the respiratory tract of many healthy individuals. Since SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for COVID-19, also primarily infects the same site, we evaluated whether ReDoV was present at increased frequency in patients with COVID-19 and influenced infection parameters.

Methods
Saliva samples were collected weekly from 59 individuals with COVID-19 and from 132 controls. ReDoV was detected by polymerase chain reaction and the genotypes were identified by metagenomics. Torque Teno Virus (TTV) in these samples were previously reported.

Results
ReDoV was detected in saliva more frequently from COVID-19 patients (72.9%) than from controls (50.0%) (p = 0.0015). There were no associations between ReDoV detection and either continuous or intermittent SARS-CoV-2 shedding, the duration of SARS-CoV-2 detection in saliva, patients’ sex or if infection was by the B1 or Gamma strain. The two ReDoV strains, Brisavirus and Vientovirus, were present in equivalent frequencies in ReDoV-positive COVID-19 patients and controls. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that the two ReDoV strains in Brazil were similar to strains previously detected on other continents.

Conclusion
ReDoV expression in saliva is increased in males and females in Brazil with mild COVID-19 but its presence does not appear to influence properties of the SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Pediatric Foreign Body Ingestion - Expectations and Outcomes
Authors: Khawaja Bilal Waheed  , Muneera Abdulhameed Albassam  , Shayma Abdullah Aloumi  , Afnan Abdullah Alshehri  , Sarah Abdulaziz Almoaibed  , Zechariah Jebakumar Arulanantham  
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND
Lockdowns, travel restrictions, and homeschooling during the COVID-19 period contributed to an increased number of foreign bodies being swallowed by children. This single-center study was initiated to determine the incidence of foreign body ingestion in the pediatric age group during the 2-year period of COVID-19 and compare it with an earlier 3-year period in Saudi Arabia.
METHODS
Medical records and abdominal radiographs of children under 14 were reviewed for the history of foreign body ingestion. The frequency of foreign body ingestion, size, shape, type, and outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic was compared with similar events in the 3 years before the COVID-19 pandemic from November 2016 to November 2019.
RESULTS
Of the n = 161 records, n = 86 cases were reported during the COVID-19 pandemic, and n = 75 in the pre-pandemic period. Most of the ingested foreign bodies were less than 2 cm in size (57.8%), with the prevalence of non-metallic objects (87.6%) and the outcome being spontaneous expulsion (83.2%). There was a significant association between spontaneous expulsion cases and the size of the objects (p = 0.001), number of objects (p = 0.0005), and shape (p = 0.01). An analysis of demographic data showed that more boys than girls were registered, with a predominance of children under the age of five.
CONCLUSIONS
Treating children who have swallowed foreign bodies require a multi-professional approach with the participation of physicians, nurses, poison control specialists, radiologic technologists, ambulance personnel, and others to provide continuous, child-friendly care and follow-up. Parents and caregivers should be aware of how to keep children away from small items that can be harmful if swallowed, especially coins, disc batteries, small magnets, and other high-risk items.
Growth factors and their receptors in neuropathic diabetic foot ulcers of different durations
Authors: Komelyagina E. Y. , Antsiferov M. B. , Kogan E. A. , Zharkov N. V. 
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND. Growth factors play a leading role in wound healing. Their deficiency in diabetic foot syndrome has been demonstrated in experimental studies, most of them performed on acute wounds. At the same time, currently the effectiveness of local therapy with growth factors of this category of patients, as well as indications and contraindications to it are contradictory and are a subject for discussion. There is no data on the content of growth factors in diabetic foot ulcers of various durations. Meanwhile, the results obtained will help to expand the understanding of the pathogenetic mechanisms of the course and outcomes of diabetic foot ulcers at different stages of healing.AIM: To evaluate the level of growth factors and their receptors in non-healing neuropathic diabetic foot ulcers of different duration.MATERIALS AND METHODS. 89 samples of neuropathic diabetic foot ulcers were examined. Immunohistochemical analysis of biopsies was performed using antibodies to the following growth factors and their receptors: vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), insulin-like growth factor (IGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF). Depending on the duration of the wound, the biopsies were divided into 3 groups: group 1 — ≤ 90 days, group 2 — 91-365 days, group 3 — > 365 days.RESULTS. In the samples of wounds, the duration of which did not exceed 90 days, the expression of growth factors and receptors to them was significantly higher than in wounds of longer duration (p=0.0001). There was no significant difference in quantitative indicators of the expression of growth factors and their receptors between wounds lasting from 91 to 365 days and more than 365 days. According to the data of correlation analysis, the expression of VEGF, IGF, EGF and their receptors has a significant negative dependence on the duration of the wound (p= 0.0001).CONCLUSION. In diabetic foot ulcers lasting less than 90 days, the expression of growth factors such as VEGF, IGF, EGF and their receptors is significantly higher than in wounds of longer duration. The dependence of the expression of growth factors on the duration of the ulcer was revealed. The data obtained may explain the differences in the outcomes of chronic wounds and the absence in some cases of the effect of local therapy with growth factors.
The Effect of Cervical Cancer Counseling on Cervical Cancer Prevention Behavior in Women of Childbearing Age: A Literature Study
Authors: Aulia Miranti Puteri , Hartanti Monica Dwi 
Published: September 2023

Background: : According to World Health Organization (WHO) data, cervical cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide . In 2020 the worldwide burden of cervical cancer is significant, there are an estimated 604,000 new infections and 342,000 deaths in 2020. Based on Riskesdas data, the prevalence of tumor/cancer, especially cervical cancer, in Indonesia ranks second with 36,633 cases, accounting for 9.2% of all cancer cases. Effective interventions at various life stages could significantly reduce global mortality from cervical cancer. Objective: This study was conducted to examine the impact of cervical cancer counseling on cervical cancer prevention behavior in women of reproductive age. Methods: Conducting a literature review of previous journal articles related to the effects of cervical cancer counseling on cervical cancer prevention behavior in women of childbearing age. Results: The results of this study indicate that cervical cancer is a significant reproductive health issue in Indonesia due to low screening coverage and lack of knowledge, resulting in late diagnosis. However, education and counseling can play a vital role in increasing awareness and promoting preventive behavior towards cervical cancer. Conclusion: Education and counseling interventions can effectively increase awareness and promote preventive behavior, this promotive and preventive behavior greatly reduces the burden of cervical cancer.
Quasilinear problems with nonlinear boundary conditions in higher-dimensional thin domains with corrugated boundaries
Authors: Nakasato Jean Carlos , Pereira Marcone Corrêa 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this work, we analyze the asymptotic behavior of a class of quasilinear elliptic equations defined in oscillating(N+1)\left(N+1)-dimensional thin domains (i.e., a family of bounded open sets fromRN+1{{\mathbb{R}}}^{N+1}, with corrugated bounder, which degenerates to an open bounded set inRN{{\mathbb{R}}}^{N}). We also allow monotone nonlinear boundary conditions on the rough border whose magnitude depends on the squeezing of the domain. According to the intensity of the roughness and a reaction coefficient term on the nonlinear boundary condition, we obtain different regimes establishing effective homogenized limits inNN-dimensional open bounded sets. In order to do that, we combine monotone operator analysis techniques and the unfolding method used to deal with asymptotic analysis and homogenization problems.
TRIM29 knockdown prevented the colon cancer progression through decreasing the ubiquitination levels of KRT5
Authors: Sun Lihui , Wang Dawei , Chen Zhenyu , Zhu Xu 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
To investigate the specific role of TRIM29 in colon cancer progression, bioinformatic analysis was performed on TRIM29. Colon cancer tissues were collected and colon cancer cells were cultured for further experiments. Cell viability and proliferation were determined using CCK-8, colony formation, and EDU staining assays. The mRNA and protein levels of TRIM29 and KRT5 were determined using quantitative real-time PCR and western blotting, respectively. The interaction between TRIM29 and KRT5 was detected using a co-immunoprecipitation (CO-IP) assay. Cycloheximide treatment was performed to analyse the stability of KRT5. TRIM29 was upregulated in colon cancer tissues and cells. TRIM29 knockdown decreased the cell viability and proliferation and ubiquitination levels of KRT5 and enhanced the protein stability and expression of KRT5. The CO-IP assay confirmed that TRIM29 and KRT5 binded to each other. KRT5 knockdown neutralises the inhibitory effect of sh-TRIM29 on colon cancer cell growth and TRIM29 knockdown prevented the proliferation of colon cancer cells by decreasing ubiquitination of KRT5, which enhanced the protein stability and expression of KRT5 in cancer cells. Thus, targeting TRIM29-mediated ubiquitination levels of KRT5 might be a new direction for colon cancer therapy.
Attitude and practice of secondary school students towards voluntary counselling and testing in Mwanza, North-West Tanzania
Authors: Majeshi Joshua , Mweya Clement N. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Voluntary Counselling and Testing (VCT) has become popular in many parts of the world, especially in Africa, for people to learn about their HIV status and get motivation for positive sexual behaviour change. Our study explored the attitude and practice of secondary school students towards VCT.

Methods
A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in Magu, Mwanza, North-West Tanzania. Recorded information included sex, factors promoting or hindering VCT attendance, reasons why attending VCT is necessary, awareness of VCT locations and source of information.

Results
Of the 340 students interviewed, 93.2 % knew that VCT was necessary and had reasons such as getting Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) education, checking HIV status and getting advice if found to be HIV positive. The majority (74.4 %) knew the location of the VCT centres. However, only 20.3 % made use of the VCT services. Those who did not use VCT services had reasons such as time limitations, believing they were not infected and fear of being labelled HIV positive.

Conclusions
Our study shows that most secondary school students know that VCT is necessary and the locations of the VCT centres, but only a few use VCT services. More effort should be put into educating students and society on the importance of using VCT services.
Determining the L2 academic writing development stage: a corpus-based research on doctoral dissertations
Authors: Ahmad Muhammad , Mahmood Muhammad Asim , Siddique Ali Raza 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This corpus-based research investigates features representing different stages of development in Pakistani academic writing (AW) to determine the stage of Pakistani AW in physical and social sciences. Corpus for this research comprises texts from 80 doctoral dissertations and is analyzed through AntConc after tagging with Multidimensional Analysis Tagger (MAT) and TagAnt. Results show Pakistani AW in both disciplines frequently comprising nouns as pre-modifiers that represent Stage-3. These are lower level features used by the writers developing towards higher levels. Therefore, Pakistani advanced level AW in physical and social sciences is positioned at Stage-3. This suggests that Pakistani writers in these disciplines are operating below the expected developmental level specifically Stage-5. These results are found to oppose the general hypothesis i.e. L2 (English as a second language) academic writers frequently use phrasal features at the advanced level. Consequently, Pakistani AW is concluded to be below the required level of language development.
Associated autoimmune thyroid diseases in children and adolescents with type one diabetes in Jordan
Authors: Odeh Rasha , Gharaibeh Lobna , Ibrahim Sarah , Alassaf Abeer 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Objectives
To investigate the prevalence of thyroid autoimmunity and related thyroid disorders among children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes in Jordan.

Methods
In a retrospective study, thyroid stimulating hormone and thyroid hormone (Free T4) levels were measured in 684 children with type 1 diabetes who presented to Jordan University Hospital between January 2012 and February 2021. Anti-thyroid peroxidase (TPOAb) and anti-thyroglobulin (TGAb) antibodies were measured in 526 and 438 subjects with type 1 diabetes, respectively.

Results
681 children were included in the study (52.4 % females, average current age 14.3 years, average age at diagnosis 8.0 years, and average diabetes duration 6.2 years). Of the whole group, 18 children (2.6 %) were diagnosed with subclinical hypothyroidism and 31 children (4.4 %) had overt hypothyroidism. Of those who were tested for TPOAb and TGAb, 22.6 and 23.1 % were positive respectively. Predictors for developing hypothyroidism were female sex and positive antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase.

Conclusions
Screening for associated thyroid autoimmunity in children and adolescents with type one diabetes from Jordan is advised with a special focus on females and those with positive antibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase.
Building a Cultural Learning Resource Based on the Community’s Needs
Authors: Jarusawat Piyapat 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This study aims to investigate community needs in order to develop the cultural learning resource of Suandok Temple, one of the most important religious monasteries in Chiang Mai, Thailand. This is where, in the Lanna kingdom, now the northern part of Thailand, Lanka Wong Theravada Buddhism was founded. The study is based on interviews, with historical procedures, Shalaginova’s concept of Heritage Interpretation, and Berlo’s SMCR Model of Communication applied to the data analysis. The findings reveal the needs of the community, which can be divided into six themes: (1) important persons to Suandok Temple; (2) outstanding arts and architecture; (3) holy landmark; (4) community center; (5) education hub and tourism; and (6) cultural learning resources. While the first five themes are the contents of the cultural learning resources, the sixth theme offers the guideline and elements, particularly target group, type, and form of presentation, that would be appropriate to cultural learning. With suitable learning resources, users could become aware of and understand the importance of cultural heritage in their community. Consequently, the community as a whole could share a sense of ownership and a determination to maintain, protect, and preserve their cultural heritage.
How intergenerational farmers negotiate their identity in the era of Agriculture 4.0: A multiple-case study in Indonesia
Authors: Widiyanti Emi , Karsidi Ravik , Wijaya Mahendra , Utari Prahastiwi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Identity has become a fascinating object of exploration in various aspects of life and work, including farming. Many studies have examined the extent to which farmers reconstruct their identities, and only a limited number have evaluated the forms of negotiation from a communication perspective. Therefore, herein, we addressed this gap by analysing the identity challenges experienced by farmers in the agricultural era 4.0. A comprehensive farmer identity negotiation model was developed by conducting a multi-case study involving millennial and Generation X farmers from different regions in Indonesia. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with 16 farmers who have embraced Agriculture 4.0 across five regencies in Indonesia. The results showed that farmer identity is maintained and built through various processes, including education, outreach, affiliation, and social networking. Farmer identity negotiation also involves self-preparedness, such as developing communication competence and receiving environmental support through social connections, media, and access to information. The process of farmer identity negotiation ultimately leads to the affirmation of identity, manifesting in changes in social roles, lifestyle changes, and improved farming quality. The advent of Agriculture Revolution 4.0 has necessitated the availability of innovative information, provided access to information and communication technology, and spaces for farmer communities to improve their farming competence.
Understanding Humor: Four Conceptual Approaches to the Elusive Subject
Authors: Hietalahti Jarno , Pennanen Joonas 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This article discusses four ways of understanding the concept of humor: 1) in terms of necessary and sufficient conditions, as 2) a cluster concept, 3) an interpretive concept, and 4) a dual character concept. We peruse both historical and contemporary research on humor, but instead of asking “What is humor?,” we draw conclusions regarding what humor research tells us of the ways to conceptualize humor. The main merits and shortcomings of different approaches are explicated. We suggest that the increased awareness of conceptual options will help the field of humor research to construct ever better theories on the elusive subject matter.
An integrated structure of air spring for ships and its strength characteristics
Authors: Cheng Yuqiang , He Lin , Shuai Changgeng , Cai Cunguang , Gao Hua 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The increasing demand for the impact resistance of ships entails the excellent impact resistance and deformability of air spring (AS) for ships under high internal pressure. However, an AS of traditional structure is difficult to satisfy such new demand since it is designed with only 10 mm maximum deformation under high internal pressure and strong impact. For this reason, an integrated structure of filament winding reinforced bellows is proposed to ensure the structural strength at the connection of AS bellows and flanges under strong impact and high internal pressure. On this basis, a parameterized design of integrated bellows strength is explored, and we analyzed how the strength of the bellows was affected by the parameters of geometrical structure, material features, and filament winding. As proved in tests, the integrated structural design of the bellows could ensure the strength of AS under strong impact and high internal pressure, and the test result perfectly matches with the calculated strength of the integrated bellows as well as the optimized design.
Effect of Pile Configuration on the Behavior of Piled-Raft Foundations in Sandy Soil
Authors: Fattah Mohammed Y. , Waheed Mohanned Q. , Hadi Dheaa H. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In this research, an experimental investigation to examine the behavior of piled-raft foundations in loose sand is introduced. A small-scale model was tested in a sandy soil container. Three sensors were fabricated on the pile heads to record the axial load induced by any pile in the group, and the foundation’s settlement was also measured. In addition to experiments for an unpiled raft, model groups for 1 pile, 1 × 2, 1 × 3, 2 × 2, 2 × 3, 3 × 3, 3 × 3 triangle heaps, 4 diamond piles, 5 piles, and 9 circle piles were tested in the lab. The loading test was carried out until a relative pile displacement of 10 % of the length of the raft was passed. It was found that the piled-raft models with piles placed in uniform configurations (2 × 2 and 3 × 3) showed an increase in bearing capacity higher than that of piled rafts with the circle and diamond configurations, but not higher than that of triangular configuration. Also, it was found that when the value of loading was 1,000 N and the pile spacing increased from 2.5d to 3d, the settlement increased from 11 to 13 mm, 9.5 to 11 mm, 8.5 to 10 mm, and 7 to 9 mm for models PR2, PR3, PR4, and PR5 (referring to 2-, 3-, 4-, and 5-piled-raft models), respectively. In practically the whole settlement range tested, the results demonstrated that the contribution of the edge and center piles was considerably higher than that of the single piles underneath the raft. The axial loads carried by the edge and the center piles for the PR9, PR5, and PR3 piled-raft types, respectively, were roughly 40 % and 70 %, 52 % and 70 %, and 20 % and 60 % higher than those for the PR1 pile capacity.