bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Room‐Temperature Self‐Healing Soft Composite Network with Unprecedented Crack Propagation Resistance Enabled by a Supramolecular Assembled Lamellar Structure
Authors: Xu JianHua , Li YuKun , Liu Tong , Wang Dong , Sun FuYao , Hu Po , Wang Lin , Chen JiaoYang , Wang XueBin , Yao BoWen , Fu JiaJun 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSoft self‐healing materials are compelling candidates for stretchable devices because of their excellent compliance, extensibility, and self‐restorability. However, most existing soft self‐healing polymers suffer from crack propagation and irreversible fatigue failure due to easy breakage of their dynamic amorphous, low‐energy polymer networks. Herein, inspired by distinct structure–property relationship of biological tissues, a supramolecular interfacial assembly strategy of preparing soft self‐healing composites with unprecedented crack propagation resistance is proposed by structurally engineering preferentially aligned lamellar structures within a dynamic and superstretchable poly(urea‐ureathane) matrix (which is elongated to 24 750× its original length). Such a design affords a world‐record fracture energy (501.6 kJ m−2), ultrahigh fatigue threshold (4064.1 J m−2), and outstanding elastic restorability (dimensional recovery from 13 times elongation), and preserving low modulus (1.2 MPa), high stretchability (3200%), and high room‐temperature self‐healing efficiency (97%). Thereby, the resultant composite represents the best of its kind and even surpasses most biological tissues. The lamellar 2D transition‐metal carbide/carbonitride (MXene) structure also leads to a relatively high in‐plane thermal conductivity, enabling composites as stretchable thermoconductive skins applied in joints of robotics to thermal dissipation. The present work illustrates a viable approach how autonomous self‐healing, crack tolerance, and fatigue resistance can be merged in future material design.
Nanomedicine for T‐Cell Mediated Immunotherapy
Authors: Li Fangzhou , Ouyang Jiang , Chen Zuqin , Zhou Ziran , Milon Essola Julien , Ali Barkat , Wu Xinyue , Zhu Mengliang , Guo Weisheng , Liang Xing‐Jie 
Published: March 2023

AbstractT‐cell immunotherapy offers outstanding advantages in the treatment of various diseases, and with the selection of appropriate targets, efficient disease treatment can be achieved. T‐cell immunotherapy has made great progress, but clinical results show that only a small proportion of patients can benefit from T‐cell immunotherapy. The extensive mechanistic work outlines a blueprint for using T cells as a new option for immunotherapy, but also presents new challenges, including the balance between different fractions of T cells, the inherent T‐cell suppression patterns in the disease microenvironment, the acquired loss of targets, and the decline of T‐cell viability. The diversity, flexibility, and intelligence of nanomedicines give them great potential for enhancing T‐cell immunotherapy. Here, how T‐cell immunotherapy strategies can be adapted with different nanomaterials to enhance therapeutic efficacy is discussed. For two different pathological states, immunosuppression and immune activation, recent advances in nanomedicines for T‐cell immunotherapy in diseases such as cancers, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, ulcerative colitis, and diabetes are summarized. With a focus on T‐cell immunotherapy, this review highlights the outstanding advantages of nanomedicines in disease treatment, and helps advance one's understanding of the use of nanotechnology to enhance T‐cell immunotherapy.
Key Parameters in Phototherapy with Gold Nanorods Using Continuous Near Infrared Radiation
Authors: Freitas Sara C. , Belo João H. , Granja Andreia , Canhota Miguel , Silva Ana S. , Reis Salette , Crespo Helder , Araújo João P. , Sousa Célia T. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAs nanoparticle formulations move toward human clinical trials in photothermal cancer therapy (PTT), the influence of individual key parameters on the heating efficacy must be thoroughly assessed. This work reports a systematic study on the heating performance of gold nanorods during exposure to near‐infrared radiation, evaluating the influence of nanorods concentration, total volume, laser output power, and spot area. Interestingly, the lowest concentration tested (24 µg mL−1) shows the most promising results with a SAR (Specific Absorption Rate) value of 24.6 kW gAu−1 for the highest laser power (0.8 W), spot area (0.4 cm2), volume (1 mL). The laser output power and concentration proved to be the key parameters in global heating of the sample. The cuvette's optical path length also proves to be an important parameter given that there is a threshold concentration value beyond which no significant improvement will be observed, and the higher gold mass will play a detrimental role suppressing SAR values. It is experimentally demonstrated that the multi‐parameter exploration can lead to a finer control of the performance in PTT, opening a pathway for efficient heating of low nanoparticle concentrations.
DDRGK1 Enhances Osteosarcoma Chemoresistance via Inhibiting KEAP1‐Mediated NRF2 Ubiquitination
Authors: Wang Xin , Zhou Tangjun , Yang Xiao , Cao Xiankun , Jin Gu , Zhang Pu , Guo Jiadong , Rong Kewei , Li Baixing , Hu Yibin , Liu Kexin , Ma Peixiang , Qin An , Zhao Jie 
Published: March 2023

AbstractChemoresistance is the main obstacle in osteosarcoma (OS) treatment; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In this study, it is discovered that DDRGK domain‐containing protein 1 (DDRGK1) plays a fundamental role in chemoresistance induced in OS. Bioinformatic and tissue analyses indicate that higher expression of DDRGK1 correlates with advanced tumor stage and poor clinical prognosis of OS. Quantitative proteomic analyses suggest that DDRGK1 plays a critical role in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. DDRGK1 knockout trigger the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and attenuate the stability of nuclear factor erythroid‐2‐related factor 2 (NRF2), a major antioxidant response element. Furthermore, DDRGK1 inhibits ubiquitin‐proteasome‐mediated degradation of NRF2 via competitive binding to the Kelch‐like ECH‐associated protein 1 (KEAP1) protein, which recruits NRF2 to CULLIN(CUL3). DDRGK1 knockout attenuates NRF2 stability, contributing to ROS accumulation, which promotes apoptosis and enhanced chemosensitivity to doxorubicin (DOX) and etoposide in cancer cells. Indeed, DDRGK1 knockout significantly enhances osteosarcoma chemosensitivity to DOX in vivo. The combination of DDRGK1 knockdown and DOX treatment provides a promising new avenue for the effective treatment of OS.
Gut Microbiota is Associated with Aging‐Related Processes of a Small Mammal Species under High‐Density Crowding Stress
Authors: Xu Xiaoming , Li Guoliang , Zhang Da , Zhu Hanyi , Liu Guang‐hui , Zhang Zhibin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHumans and animals frequently encounter high‐density crowding stress, which may accelerate their aging processes; however, the roles of gut microbiota in the regulation of aging‐related processes under high‐density crowding stress remain unclear. In the present study, it is found that high housing density remarkably increases the stress hormone (corticosterone), accelerates aging‐related processes as indicated by telomere length (in brain and liver cells) and DNA damage or inflammation (as revealed by tumor necrosis factor‐α and interleukin‐10 levels), and reduces the lifespan of Brandt's vole (Lasiopodomys brandtii). Fecal microbiota transplantation from donor voles of habitats with different housing densities induces similar changes in aging‐related processes in recipient voles. The elimination of high housing density or butyric acid administration delays the appearance of aging‐related markers in the brain and liver cells of voles housed at high‐density. This study suggests that gut microorganisms may play a significant role in regulating the density‐dependent aging‐related processes and subsequent population dynamics of animals, and can be used as potential targets for alleviating stress‐related aging in humans exposed to high‐density crowding stress.
Spatiotemporal Characterization of Human Early Intervertebral Disc Formation at Single‐Cell Resolution
Authors: Zhou Taifeng , Chen Yu , Liao Zhiheng , Zhang Long , Su Deying , Li Zhuling , Yang Xiaoming , Ke Xiaona , Liu Hengyu , Chen Yuyu , Weng Ricong , Shen Huimin , Xu Caixia , Wan Yong , Xu Ren , Su Peiqiang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe intervertebral disc (IVD) acts as a fibrocartilaginous joint to anchor adjacent vertebrae. Although several studies have demonstrated the cellular heterogeneity of adult mature IVDs, a single‐cell transcriptomic atlas mapping early IVD formation is still lacking. Here, the authors generate a spatiotemporal and single cell‐based transcriptomic atlas of human IVD formation at the embryonic stage and a comparative mouse transcript landscape. They identify two novel human notochord (NC)/nucleus pulposus (NP) clusters, SRY‐box transcription factor 10 (SOX10)+ and cathepsin K (CTSK)+, that are distributed in the early and late stages of IVD formation and they are validated by lineage tracing experiments in mice. Matrisome NC/NP clusters, T‐box transcription factor T (TBXT)+ and CTSK+, are responsible for the extracellular matrix homeostasis. The IVD atlas suggests that a subcluster of the vertebral chondrocyte subcluster might give rise to an inner annulus fibrosus of chondrogenic origin, while the fibroblastic outer annulus fibrosus preferentially expresseds transgelin and fibromodulin . Through analyzing intercellular crosstalk, the authors further find that notochordal secreted phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1) is a novel cue in the IVD microenvironment, and it is associated with IVD development and degeneration. In conclusion, the single‐cell transcriptomic atlas will be leveraged to develop preventative and regenerative strategies for IVD degeneration.
Determine the Complete Configuration of Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes by One Photograph of Transmission Electron Microscopy
Authors: Yu Yue , Zhao Yifan , Li Shouheng , Zhao Chao , Liu Weiming , Wang Shanshan , Ding Feng , Zhang Jin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDeveloping a convenient method to determine the complete structure of single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) is important to achieve the fully controlled growth of this nanomaterial. However, approaches that can identify handedness at the atomic level with simple equipment, operation, and data analysis are still lacking. Here, the SWNTs/graphene (Gr) vertical heterostructures are artificially constructed with aligned interfaces to realize the lattice interpretation of SWNT upper and lower walls separately by only one transmission electron microscopy image, thus transforming the 3D handedness information to projected 2D space. Gr displays prominent out‐of‐plane deformation at the interface, promoting the energetic advantage for the aligned interface construction. The interfacial alignment between the SWNT and Gr shows no obvious dependence on either the helical angle or diameter of SWNTs. The half‐wrapping of SWNTs by deformed Gr also triggers diversified alterations in electronic structures based on theoretical calculations. 27 specimens with SWNTs prepared by two disparate methods are examined, implying equal handedness distribution in the randomly aligned SWNTs grown on quartz and potential handedness enrichment in horizontal SWNT arrays grown on a‐sapphire. This work provides a simple strategy for chiral discrimination and lays a characterization foundation for handedness‐selective growth of nanomaterials.
Type‐III Superconductivity
Authors: Diamantini M. Cristina , Trugenberger Carlo A. , Chen Sheng‐Zong , Lu Yu‐Jung , Liang Chi‐Te , Vinokur Valerii M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSuperconductivity remains one of most fascinating quantum phenomena existing on a macroscopic scale. Its rich phenomenology is usually described by the Ginzburg–Landau (GL) theory in terms of the order parameter, representing the macroscopic wave function of the superconducting condensate. The GL theory addresses one of the prime superconducting properties, screening of the electromagnetic field because it becomes massive within a superconductor, the famous Anderson–Higgs mechanism. Here the authors describe another widely‐spread type of superconductivity where the Anderson–Higgs mechanism does not work and must be replaced by the Deser–Jackiw–Templeton topological mass generation and, correspondingly, the GL effective field theory must be replaced by an effective topological gauge theory. These superconductors are inherently inhomogeneous granular superconductors, where electronic granularity is either fundamental or emerging. It is shown that the corresponding superconducting transition is a 3D generalization of the 2D Berezinskii–Kosterlitz–Thouless vortex binding–unbinding transition. The binding–unbinding of the line‐like vortices in 3D results in the Vogel‐Fulcher‐Tamman scaling of the resistance near the superconducting transition. The authors report experimental data fully confirming the VFT behavior of the resistance.
Synthesis of Pore‐Wall‐Modified Stable COF/TiO2 Heterostructures via Site‐Specific Nucleation for an Enhanced Photoreduction of Carbon Dioxide
Authors: Putta Rangappa Akkammagari , Praveen Kumar Dharani , Do Khai H. , Wang Jinming , Zhang Yuexing , Kim Tae Kyu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractConstructing stable heterostructures with appropriate active site architectures in covalent organic frameworks (COFs) can improve the active site accessibility and facilitate charge transfer, thereby increasing the catalytic efficiency. Herein, a pore‐wall modification strategy is proposed to achieve regularly arranged TiO2 nanodots (≈1.82 nm) in the pores of COFs via site‐specific nucleation. The site‐specific nucleation strategy stabilizes the TiO2 nanodots as well as enables the controlled growth of TiO2 throughout the COFs’ matrix. In a typical process, the pore wall is modified and site‐specific nucleation is induced between the metal precursors and the organic walls of the COFs through a careful ligand selection, and the strongly bonded metal precursors drive the confined growth of ultrasmall TiO2 nanodots during the subsequent hydrolysis. This will result in remarkably improved surface reactions, owing to the superior catalytic activity of TiO2 nanodots functionalized to COFs through strong NTiO bonds. Furthermore, density functional theory studies reveal that pore‐wall modification is beneficial for inducing strong interactions between the COF and TiO2 and results in a large energy transfer via the NTiO bonds. This work highlights the feasibility of developing stable COF and metal oxide based heterostructures via organic wall modifications to produce carbon fuels by artificial photosynthesis.
Gallium Nitride Based Electrode for High‐Temperature Supercapacitors
Authors: Lv Songyang , Wang Shouzhi , Li Lili , Xie Shoutian , Yu Jiaoxian , Zhong Yueyao , Wang Guodong , Liang Chang , Xu Xiangang , Zhang Lei 
Published: March 2023

AbstractGallium nitride (GaN) single crystal, as the representative of wide‐band semiconductors, has great prospects for high‐temperature energy storage, of its splendid power output, robust temperature stability, and superior carrier mobility. Nonetheless, it is an essential challenge for GaN‐based devices to improve energy storage. Herein, an innovative strategy is proposed by constructing GaN/Nickel cobalt oxygen (NiCoO2 ）heterostructure for enhanced supercapacitors (SCs). Benefiting from the synergy effect between the porous GaN network as a highly conductive skeleton and the NiCoO2with massive active sites. The GaN/NiCoO2heterostructure‐based SCs with ion liquids electrolyte are assembled and delivered an impressive energy density of 15.2 µWh cm−2and power density, as well as superior service life at 130 °C. The theoretical calculation further explains that the reason for the energy storage enhancement of the GaN/NiCoO2is due to the presence of the built‐in electric fields. This work offers a novel perspective for meeting the practical application of GaN‐based energy storage devices with exceptional performance capable of operation under high‐temperature environments.
Non‐Destructive X‐Ray Imaging of Patterned Delta‐Layer Devices in Silicon
Authors: D'Anna Nicolò , Ferreira Sanchez Dario , Matmon Guy , Bragg Jamie , Constantinou Procopios C. , Stock Taylor J.Z. , Fearn Sarah , Schofield Steven R. , Curson Neil J. , Bartkowiak Marek , Soh Y. , Grolimund Daniel , Gerber Simon , Aeppli Gabriel 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe progress of miniaturization in integrated electronics has led to atomic and nanometer‐sized dopant devices in silicon. Such structures can be fabricated routinely by hydrogen resist lithography, using various dopants such as P and As. However, the ability to non‐destructively obtain atomic‐species‐specific images of the final structure, which would be an indispensable tool for building more complex nano‐scale devices, such as quantum co‐processors, remains an unresolved challenge. Here, X‐ray fluorescence is exploited to create an element‐specific image of As dopants in Si, with dopant densities in absolute units and a resolution limited by the beam focal size (here ≈1 µm), without affecting the device's low temperature electronic properties. The As densities provided by the X‐ray data are compared to those derived from Hall effect measurements as well as the standard non‐repeatable, scanning tunneling microscopy and secondary ion mass spectroscopy, techniques. Before and after the X‐ray experiments, we also measured the magneto‐conductance, which is dominated by weak localization, a quantum interference effect extremely sensitive to sample dimensions and disorder. Notwithstanding the 1.5 × 1010 Sv (1.5 × 1016 Rad cm−2) exposure of the device to X‐rays, all transport data are unchanged to within experimental errors, corresponding to upper bounds of 0.2 Angstroms for the radiation‐induced motion of the typical As atom and 3% for the loss of activated, carrier‐contributing dopants. With next generation synchrotron radiation sources and more advanced optics, the authors foresee that it will be possible to obtain X‐ray images of single dopant atoms within resolved radii of 5 nm.
IoT and ML‐based automatic irrigation system for smart agriculture system
Authors: E G Anoop , Bala G. Josemin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe development of the Internet of Things (IoT) and machine learning (ML) technologies has triggered smart agricultural systems. In smart agriculture, irrigation management plays a major role to reduce water waste. The monitoring settings, hardware modules, communication technology, and storage systems used in smart irrigation systems were analyzed to determine the optimal nature of water flow. This assessment aims to give an overview of the current state of the irrigation system by taking into account weather and soil moisture. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the utilization of various hardware modules in smart irrigation systems. Moreover, various communication technologies that aid in data transfer for efficient smart irrigation are reviewed. The ML method used for prediction is also evaluated, as well as based storage technologies like the cloud and databases used to store data for predictive irrigation systems. As a result, the paper provides an overview of all the factors that contribute to irrigation systems’ smart operation as well as potential future paths for improving agricultural systems through IoT.
Relationship between comorbidities, mutational profile, and outcome after intensive chemotherapy in patients older than 60 years with acute myeloid leukemia: Assessment of different risk scores
Authors: Bachelot Amélie , Bouvier Anne , Riou Jérémie , Thepot Sylvain , Giltat Aurélien , Nunes Gomes Christopher , Paillassa Jérôme , Jouanneau‐Courville Rébecca , Renard Maxime , Beucher Annaelle , Cottin Laurane , Wiber Margaux , Ribourtout Bénédicte , Geneviève Franck , Luque Paz Damien , Tanguy‐Schmidt Aline , Ugo Valérie , Hunault‐Berger Mathilde , Blanchet Odile , Orvain Corentin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate how comorbidities and molecular landscape relate to outcome in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) aged 60 years or older who received intensive induction therapy. In 91 patients, 323 mutations were identified in 77 genes by next‐generation sequencing, with a median of four mutations per patient, with NPM1, FLT3, TET2, and DNMT3A being the most frequently mutated genes. A multistate model identified FLT3, IDH2, RUNX1, and TET2 mutations as associated with a higher likelihood of achieving complete remission while STAG2 mutations were associated with primary refractory disease, and DNMT3A, FLT3, IDH2, and TP53 mutations with mortality after relapse. Ferrara unfitness criteria and performance status were the best predictors of short‐term outcome (area under the curve = 82 for 2‐month survival for both parameters), whereas genomic classifications better predicted long‐term outcome, with the Patel risk stratification performing the best over the 5‐year follow‐up period (C‐index = 0.63 for event‐free and overall survival). We show that most genomic prognostic classifications, mainly used in younger patients, are useful for classifying older patients, but to a lesser extent, because of different mutational profiles. Specific prognostic classifications, incorporating performance status, comorbidities, and cytogenetic/molecular data, should be specifically designed for patients over 60 years.