bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Increasing fire frequency may trigger eco‐hydrologic divergence
Authors: Lakmali Shyanika , Benyon Richard G. , Sheridan Gary J. , Lane Patrick N. J. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractClimate‐induced fire regimes may change species abundance and species composition in affected forest types, potentially altering pyro‐eco‐hydrologic feedbacks. In some fire‐prone forests across the globe, eco‐hydrologic thresholds (changing points, or tipping points, in ecohydrology when vegetation shifts from one steady vegetation to another) are being exceeded due to changes in relationships between climate, fire and vegetation. Following compound disturbances, forests may fail to maintain ecological resilience. Under multiple burn conditions, Eucalyptus regnans F. Muell. forests in south east Australia are highly vulnerable to ecological tipping points. In Victoria, over 189 000 ha of obligate seeder forests have been burned two or more times within 18 years. These short return‐interval fires allow Acacia dealbata to become the dominant overstorey species. Such a dramatic species replacement may result in a new evapotranspiration (ET) regime, leading to a new hydrologic state. Stand scale dynamic models were combined with field estimated ET in E. regnans and A. dealbata forests aged 10, 35 and 75/80 years. We found that long‐term forest structure, ET and water yield significantly diverge between E. regnans and A. dealbata forests with increasing age. These divergences imply a non‐equilibrium state after A. dealbata replaces E. regnans under high‐frequency fire conditions. In senescing A. dealbata, understorey transpiration contribution of 29.8% to system ET was similar to that of overstorey transpiration (31.2%), indicating the understorey and overstorey contribute equally to total ET at the final stage of Acacia forests. In contrast, in 75‐year‐old E. regnans forests, understorey contribution to the total system evapotranspiration is about 16%. This suggests that, after the Acacia life cycle finishes, the ET regime will transit into a new state that will be dominated by shrubby understorey species. Our findings suggest that this climate‐induced species replacement would decrease long‐term ET, inferring an increase in streamflow.
The development and application of a novel hazard scoring tool for assessing impacts of cosmetic ingredients on aquatic ecosystems: A case study of rinse-off cosmetics
Authors: de Albuquerque Vita Natália , Rodrigues de Souza Irisdoris , Di Pietro Micali Canavez Andrezza , Brohem Carla A. , Cristine Marios Ferreira Pinto Dâmaris , Schuck Desirée Cigaran , Leme Daniela M. , Lorencini Márcio 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The cosmetic industry has been committed to promoting less hazardous products to reduce the environmental impacts of cosmetic ingredients. This requires identifying safer cosmetic ingredients for developing cosmetic formulations that are less harmful to the environment. However, one of the challenges in developing eco-friendly cosmetics relies on integrating all environmental hazard (EH) information of cosmetic ingredients to select the most eco-friendly ones (i.e., ingredients least harmful to the aquatic environment). Thus, we developed a hazard scoring tool (IARA matrix), which integrates data on biodegradation, bioaccumulation, and acute aquatic toxicity, providing a hazard index to classify cosmetic ingredients (raw materials) into categories of EH (low, moderate, high, or very high). The classification of the IARA was based on parameters established by Cradle to Cradle (C2C), the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), and European Regulation 1272/2008, considering the most conservative values of each source. The Leopold matrix was employed as a model for the tool, using a numerical scale from 0 to 6 (lowest to highest EH). According to the IARA, we have successfully demonstrated that ultraviolet (UV) filter ingredients have the highest EH out of 41 cosmetic ingredients commonly used for rinse-off products. In addition to UV filters, triclosan (bactericide) and dimethicone (emollient) presented the second-highest EH for aquatic ecosystems, and humectants presented the lowest hazard index. By applying the IARA in the case study of rinse-off products, we have estimated that the aquatic hazard of cosmetic products can be reduced 46% by identifying less hazardous ingredients and combining them into a cosmetic formulation. In summary, the IARA tool allows the estimation of the EH of cosmetic ingredients, provides safer products, and helps achieve sustainability for cosmetic products. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2023;19:1619–1635. © 2023 SETAC
Methylation scores for smoking, alcohol consumption and body mass index and risk of seven types of cancer
Authors: Dugué Pierre‐Antoine , Yu Chenglong , Hodge Allison M. , Wong Ee Ming , Joo JiHoon E. , Jung Chol‐Hee , Schmidt Daniel , Makalic Enes , Buchanan Daniel D. , Severi Gianluca , English Dallas R. , Hopper John L. , Milne Roger L. , Giles Graham G. , Southey Melissa C. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMethylation marks of exposure to health risk factors may be useful markers of cancer risk as they might better capture current and past exposures than questionnaires, and reflect different individual responses to exposure. We used data from seven case‐control studies nested within the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study of blood DNA methylation and risk of colorectal, gastric, kidney, lung, prostate and urothelial cancer, and B‐cell lymphoma (N cases = 3123). Methylation scores (MS) for smoking, body mass index (BMI), and alcohol consumption were calculated based on published data as weighted averages of methylation values. Rate ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals for association with cancer risk were estimated using conditional logistic regression and expressed per SD increase of the MS, with and without adjustment for health‐related confounders. The contribution of MS to discriminate cases from controls was evaluated using the area under the curve (AUC). After confounder adjustment, we observed: large associations (RR = 1.5‐1.7) with lung cancer risk for smoking MS; moderate associations (RR = 1.2‐1.3) with urothelial cancer risk for smoking MS and with mature B‐cell neoplasm risk for BMI and alcohol MS; moderate to small associations (RR = 1.1‐1.2) for BMI and alcohol MS with several cancer types and cancer overall. Generally small AUC increases were observed after inclusion of several MS in the same model (colorectal, gastric, kidney, urothelial cancers: +3%; lung cancer: +7%; B‐cell neoplasms: +8%). Methylation scores for smoking, BMI and alcohol consumption show independent associations with cancer risk, and may provide some improvements in risk prediction.
Effect of nano‐ceramic coating on surface property and microbial adhesion to poly(methyl methacrylate)
Authors: Yang Bin , Ginsburg Shari , Li Wei , Vilela Marina Moscardini , Shahmohammadi Mina , Takoudis Christos G. , Wu Christine D. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTo improve surface properties of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) using nano‐ceramic coatings and assess microbial adherence after long‐term use of a chemical cleanser. Thirty‐six PMMA samples were fabricated, polished and coated with a nano‐thin TiO2 or mixed TiO2/ZrO2, with uncoated samples as controls. Six samples in each group (n = 12) were soaked in Polident denture cleaner 180 times for 30 min, while six were soaked in deionized water. Surface roughness of PMMA before and after being soaked in Polident was assessed. All samples were subsequently exposed to Candida albicans for 6 h and the adherent cells were determined by viable colony count. Two‐way analysis of variance was performed for statistical analysis. No significant difference in surface roughness was noted between the uncoated and coated PMMA before soaking. After soaking, surface roughness of the uncoated PMMA increased from 0.164 to 0.532 μm (p < .05). No significant change was observed for TiO2‐coated (0.105–0.143 μm) or TiO2/ZrO2‐coated PMMA (0.104–0.141 μm). Attachment of C. albicans to PMMA soaked in water showed significantly less attachment to both TiO2‐coated (1.4 × 103 cfu/ml) and TiO2/ZrO2‐coated PMMA (1.6 × 103 cfu/ml) than to the uncoated PMMA (2.6 × 103 cfu/ml). After soaking in Polident, the uncoated PMMA had significantly less C. albicans attachment than coated samples. Less attachment was noted on the TiO2/ZrO2‐coated PMMA then the TiO2‐coated samples (p < .05). Nano‐ceramic TiO22/ZrO2 coating of PMMA denture base material alters surface properties thus reduces oral microbial adhesion. It represents a promising alternative to the chemical disinfection for PMMA denture materials.
A quantitative analysis of resurgence following downshifts in alternative‐reinforcer magnitude
Authors: Ritchey Carolyn M. , Kuroda Toshikazu , Podlesnik Christopher A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractResurgence is the increase in a previously reinforced and then extinguished target response due to changes in reinforcement conditions for an alternative response, including reductions in the rate or magnitude of reinforcement for the alternative response. Research with nonhumans suggests that reductions in both alternative‐reinforcer rate and magnitude produce resurgence, but the present study was the first to examine effects of downshifts in alternative‐reinforcer magnitude on humans' resurgence. Moreover, it was the first to evaluate whether the quantitative framework, resurgence as choice in context (RaC2), could account for those effects. Consistent with predictions of RaC2, resurgence of a target button press occurred with reductions in point gain for an alternative response, with greater reductions producing higher levels of resurgence. However, the model consistently underpredicted and then overpredicted resurgence during tests with low‐magnitude reinforcement and extinction. Systematic deviations in model predictions of alternative responding were also evident and consistent with previous fits of RaC2 to nonhuman data. Overall, our findings suggest that RaC2 could be a useful quantitative theoretical framework for understanding processes contributing to resurgence in humans, but further theoretical development is needed to account for the apparent divergent effects of extinction versus downshifts in reinforcer magnitude.
Developing a machine learning model to detect diagnostic uncertainty in clinical documentation
Authors: Marshall Trisha L. , Nickels Lindsay C. , Brady Patrick W. , Edgerton Ezra J. , Lee James J. , Hagedorn Philip A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveDiagnostic uncertainty, when unrecognized or poorly communicated, can result in diagnostic error. However, diagnostic uncertainty is challenging to study due to a lack of validated identification methods. This study aims to identify distinct linguistic patterns associated with diagnostic uncertainty in clinical documentation.Design, Setting and ParticipantsThis case–control study compares the clinical documentation of hospitalized children who received a novel uncertain diagnosis (UD) diagnosis label during their admission to a set of matched controls. Linguistic analyses identified potential linguistic indicators (i.e., words or phrases) of diagnostic uncertainty that were then manually reviewed by a linguist and clinical experts to identify those most relevant to diagnostic uncertainty. A natural language processing program categorized medical terminology into semantic types (i.e., sign or symptom), from which we identified a subset of these semantic types that both categorized reliably and were relevant to diagnostic uncertainty. Finally, a competitive machine learning modeling strategy utilizing the linguistic indicators and semantic types compared different predictive models for identifying diagnostic uncertainty.ResultsOur cohort included 242 UD‐labeled patients and 932 matched controls with a combination of 3070 clinical notes. The best‐performing model was a random forest, utilizing a combination of linguistic indicators and semantic types, yielding a sensitivity of 89.4% and a positive predictive value of 96.7%.ConclusionExpert labeling, natural language processing, and machine learning methods combined with human validation resulted in highly predictive models to detect diagnostic uncertainty in clinical documentation and represent a promising approach to detecting, studying, and ultimately mitigating diagnostic uncertainty in clinical practice.
Impact of working capital on firm performance: DoesITmatter?
Authors: Deb Palash , Naskar Suvendu , Devaraj Sarv , Basu Preetam 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAlthough prior research in operations management has explored the working capital—firm performance relationship, the results from these studies remain inconclusive, with studies finding positive, curvilinear, or even insignificant relationships. This is largely due to contingent factors that make this relationship both complex and idiosyncratic. To strengthen the beneficial effect of working capital on performance, firms must therefore make appropriate investments that would foster more objective, informed, and firm‐specific working capital choices. This article examines one such investment, namely in information technology (IT), that can allow firms to optimize the working capital–firm performance relationship. This is important, as the role of IT in this relationship is yet to be explored. Using proprietary IT data from the Harte Hanks database, and based on a sample of 1,054 US‐based manufacturing firms during 2011–2013, we find that IT investment positively moderates the performance effects of inventory, payables, and receivables cycles, and that these moderating effects vary by the type of IT investment, namely IT infrastructure and IT labor. Drawing on the theory of the Smart Machine, we explain how IT infrastructure and IT labor perform distinct roles that can helpautomate(i.e., use technology to increase the speed and accuracy of process execution) and/orinformate(i.e., use technology to create new information), thereby moderating the working capital–firm performance relationship. We argue and find evidence that, due to the largely transactional nature of working capital processes, IT infrastructure has a relatively stronger moderating effect on performance than IT labor.
Effect of zinc supplement on patients with trauma: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Huang Shu‐Yi , Huang Jen‐Fu , Chan Shang‐Yu , Ou Yang Chun‐Hsiang , Cheng Chi‐Tung , Wang Chia‐Cheng , Hsu Chih‐Po , Fu Chih‐Yuan , Liao Chien‐Hung 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimsThis study aimed to assess the effect of zinc supplementation, with or without other antioxidants and trace elements, on clinical outcomes in patients with trauma.MethodsA systematic review was conducted for adult patients with acute trauma who had been admitted to the hospital. Those who sustained burn injuries were excluded. Studies in PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase from 1990 to 2022 regarding the additional nutrition supplementation of zinc to patients, either in a single‐agent or combined regimen, were included. Comparisons were made between the zinc supplement group and those who received a placebo or regular treatment.ResultsThe primary outcomes of the study were mortality rate, length of hospital stay, and incidence of pneumonia. Seven studies qualified for the meta‐analysis. Of the 594 patients eligible for analysis, 290 and 304 were in the zinc supplementation and control groups, respectively. The meta‐analysis revealed that zinc supplementation was associated with a lower risk of pneumonia in patients with acute trauma than in the control group (odds ratio [OR], 0.506; 95% CI = 0.292–0.877; P = 0.015; heterogeneity, I2 = 12.7%). Zinc supplementation did not influence the mortality rate (OR, 0.755; 95% CI = 0.492–1.16; P = 0.612; heterogeneity, I2 = 0%) or the length of hospital stay (standard difference in means, −0.24; 95% CI = −0.544 to 0.063; P = 0.121; heterogeneity, I2 = 45.0%).ConclusionZinc supplementation, with or without other antioxidants and trace elements, in patients with trauma was associated with a lower incidence of pneumonia.
Sacha inchi albumin delays skin‐aging by alleviating inflammation, oxidative stress and regulating gut microbiota ind‐galactoseinduced‐aging mice
Authors: Zeng Jieyu , An Miaoqing , Tian Wenni , Wang Kun , Du Bing , Li Pan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundSacha inchi albumin exhibits considerable functional activity with notable anti‐inflammatory and antioxidation properties, which could delay skin aging. However, its underlying mechanisms for delaying skin aging have not been elucidated. The aim of the present study was to investigate the anti‐skin‐aging effect of sacha inchi albumin (SIA) ind‐galactose induced‐aging mice.ResultsSacha inchi albumin improved moisture content, collagen level, and the state of aged skin in rats. Sacha inchi albumin intervention markedly increased the skin antioxidant enzymatic activities including those of glutathione peroxidase, and catalase, but decreased the malondialdehyde content. It also regulated inflammation by reducing the level of tumor necrosis factor‐α(TNF‐α) and increasing the level of interleukin‐6 (IL‐6). Administration of SIA also increased the expression level of collagen I and III, increased the expression of tissue inhibitor of metalloprotease‐1, and decreased the expression of metalloproteinases. Sacha inchi albumin can also activate the transforming growth factor‐β(TGF‐β)/Smad pathway. Meanwhile, 16S rRNA sequencing analysis revealed that SIA treatment altered the composition of microbiota, and increased the relative abundance ofLactobacillus, but decreased the relative abundance ofAlloprevotellaandHelicobacter, etc.Helicobacterwas positively associated with malondialdehyde (MDA) content and was negatively related to IL‐6.ConclusionSacha inchi albumin exhibits excellent anti‐skin‐aging effect, which provide a new insight for the development of functional sacha inchi albumin. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
USP21 contributes to the aggressiveness of laryngeal cancer cells by deubiquitinating and stabilizing AURKA
Authors: Wang Qing‐Dong , Shi Tao , Xu Yang , Liu Yang , Zhang Mei‐Jia 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLaryngeal cancer is a usual malignant tumor of the head and neck. The role and mechanism of deubiquitinase USP21 in laryngeal cancer are still unclear. We aimed to explore whether USP21 affected laryngeal cancer progress through deubiquitinating AURKA. USP21 and AURKA levels were evaluated by qRT‐PCR and Western blot. Kaplan–Meier analysis was conducted by survival package. MTT was performed to detect cell proliferation. The wound healing assay was applied to evaluate cell migration. Transwell was used to measure cell invasion. Co‐IP and GST‐pull down determined the interaction between USP21 and AURKA. In addition, AURKA ubiquitination levels were analyzed. USP21 was signally elevated in laryngeal cancer tissues and cells. USP21 level in clinical stages III–IV was higher than that in clinical stages I–II, and high levels of USP21 were highly correlated with poor prognosis in laryngeal cancer. USP21 inhibition suppressed AMC‐HN‐8 and TU686 cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Co‐IP and GST‐pull down confirmed the interaction between USP21 and AURKA. Knockdown of USP21 markedly increased the ubiquitination level of AURKA, and USP21 restored AURKA activity through deubiquitination. In addition, overexpression of AURKA reversed the effects of USP21 knockdown on cell growth, migration, and invasion. USP21 stabilized AURKA through deubiquitination to promote laryngeal cancer progression.
A hybrid mechanism for the initiation and expansion of loess caves across the Chinese Loess Plateau
Authors: Geng Haopeng , Xu Wanying , Zheng Weishan , Gao Xiaolei , Pan Baotian 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLoess caves are a distinctive and widespread landform on the Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP). Their formation contributes considerably to the soil erosion and land degradation; however, quantitative studies that improve the mechanistic understanding of their formation are still lacking. We aimed to explore the formation mechanism of loess caves and selected nine study sites across the CLP with different degrees of cave development and varied environmental conditions. We surveyed the study sites (~9.6 km2) using an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). We mapped the loess caves using high‐resolution UAV images and quantified their degree of development (i.e., density and area). We then analyzed the topographic characteristics of loess caves at individual sites and examined the environmental controls (i.e., climatic factors and soil properties) on the degree of loess cave development at different sites. The results show that loess caves are predominantly distributed in gullies and high topographic wetness index areas with clear topographic preferences, which suggests that cave initiation is accomplished by mechanical scouring. The average area correlated negatively with density but positively with saturated hydraulic conductivity, indicating loess cave expansion is a dissolution process caused by infiltrated water. Finally, we proposed a hybrid mechanism for loess cave development, where mechanical scouring dominates the initiation and dissolution expansion drives their expansion. Both initiation and expansion need, but compete for, surface runoff, and hydrologically relevant processes dominate loess cave development. Based on the non‐linear relationship between loess cave development and precipitation (NDVI), we proposed that the impact of vegetation rehabilitation on loess cave development needs to be assessed on a sub‐regional basis.
Effects of coastal wetland reclamation on soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus in China: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Zhang Tao , Song Bing , Han Guangxuan , Zhao Huili , Hu Qiuli , Zhao Ying , Liu Haojie 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe reclamation of coastal wetlands for agriculture has expanded considerably over the last 40 years in China. Wetland reclamation could substantially alter soil properties, but so far, a systematic analysis of the changes in soil chemical elements after reclamation is missing on a national scale. In this study, we synthesized 418 pairs of data from 41 experimental studies and investigated the responses of soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP) contents to coastal wetlands reclamation in China. The results showed that SOC significantly decreased by 24.77% after reclamation, while TN and TP were significantly increased by 23.57% and 13.55%, respectively. The changes in SOC, TN, and TP after reclamation of coastal wetlands mainly occurred in the 0–40 cm soil layer but not in the deep soil layer. For different land use types, SOC was significantly reduced by 49.48%, 44.57%, and 32.91% after reclaiming wetlands to woodlands, paddy fields, and drylands, respectively. TN and TP were significantly increased by 32.22% and 13.54% after the reclamation of wetlands to drylands, respectively. The reclamation duration also had significant effects on those elements. Specifically, SOC gradually decreased with increasing reclamation duration, while TN and TP increased with the increased reclamation duration. Anthropogenic factors, such as land use types and reclamation duration, rather than climatic factors, dominated changes in SOC, TN, and TP contents after coastal reclamation. Further, our study showed a significant SOC reduction following reclamation, and given the importance of coastal blue carbon, it is essential to reduce wetland reclamation to protect coastal blue carbon.