bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bringing active learning, experimentation, and student‐created videos in engineering: A study about teaching electronics and physical computing integrating online and mobile learning
Authors: Ariza Jonathan Á. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractActive learning (AL) is a well‐known teaching method in engineering because it allows to foster learning and critical thinking of the students by employing debate, hands‐on activities, and experimentation. However, most educational results of this instructional method have been achieved in face‐to‐face educational settings and less has been said about how to promote AL and experimentation for online engineering education. Then, the main aim of this study was to create an AL methodology to learn electronics, physical computing (PhyC), programming, and basic robotics in engineering through hands‐on activities and active experimentation in online environments. N = 56 students of two engineering programs (Technology in Electronics and Industrial Engineering) participated in the methodology that was conceived using the guidelines of the integrated course design model (ICDM) and in some courses combining mobile and online learning with an Android app. The methodology gathered three main components: (1) In‐home laboratories performed through low‐cost hardware devices, (2) Student‐created videos and blogs to evidence the development of skills, and (3) Teacher support and feedback. Data in the courses were collected through surveys, evaluation rubrics, semistructured interviews, and students' grades and were analyzed through a mixed approach. The outcomes indicate a good perception of the PhyC and programming activities by the students and suggest that these influence motivation, self‐efficacy, reduction of anxiety, and improvement of academic performance in the courses. Even, the PhyC activities can reduce the differences in academic performance between women and male students and promote their improvement toward excellence with better results for courses combining online and mobile learning. Similarly, women students preferred to use more often tutoring services and had a better perception of the teacher's feedback than their male pairs. The methodology and previous results can be useful for researchers and practitioners interested in developing AL methodologies or strategies in engineering with online, mobile, or blended learning modalities.
Green Alternatives in Treatment of Liver Diseases: the Challenges of Traditional Medicine and Green Nanomedicine
Authors: Heya Michel Stephane , García‐Ponce Romario , Soto Beatriz Amari Medina , Verde‐Star María Julia , Soto‐Domínguez Adolfo , García‐Hernandez David Gilberto , Saucedo‐Cárdenas Odila , Hernández‐Salazar Marcelo , Guillén‐Meléndez Gloria Arely 
Published: August 2023

AbstractOver the last decade, liver diseases have become a global problem, with approximately two million deaths per year. The high increase in the mortality rate of these diseases is mostly related to the limitations in the understanding of the evolutionary clinical cases of liver diseases, the low delivery of drugs in the liver, the non‐specific administration of drugs, and the side effects generated at the systemic level by conventional therapeutic agents. Today it is common knowledge that phytochemicals have a high curative potential, even in the prevention and/or reversibility of liver disorders; however, even using these green molecules, researchers continue to deal with the same challenges implemented with conventional therapeutic agents, which limits the pharmacological potential of these friendly molecules. On the other hand, the latest advances in nanotechnology have proven that the use of nanocarriers as a delivery system for green active ingredients, as well as conventional ones, increases the pharmacological potential of these active ingredients due to their physicochemical characteristics (size, Zeta potential, etc.,) moldable depending on the therapeutic objective; in addition to the above, it should be noted that in recent years, nanoparticles have been developed for the specific delivery of drugs towards a specific target (stellar cells, hepatocytes, Kupffer cells), depending on the clinical state of the disease in the patient. The present review addresses the challenges of traditional medicine and green nanomedicine as alternatives in the treatment of liver diseases.
Comprehensive Study of the Physicochemical Properties of Royal Jelly from Various Regions of Türkiye**
Authors: Beykaya Mehmet , Inkaya Nida Nur , Yorulmaz Onder Elif , Arici Yeliz Kasko , Sahin Huseyin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study analysed some physicochemical and quality parameters of 176 royal jelly (RJ) samples from different regions of Türkiye, collected over different years and seasons. According to the obtained results, the moisture percentage varied between 47.36 % and 69.58 %, with no statistically significant differences seen across various seasons and areas (p>0.05). The average value of 10‐hydroxy‐2‐decenoic acid (10‐HDA), which varies according to factors such as season, region, and year, was determined to be 2.32 %. It was also seen that this value was close to the international standard. The values of total acidity ranged from 28–58 mL 1 N NaOH/100 g. Furthermore, statistical significance (p<0.001) was observed for the year‐region interaction in relation to 10‐HDA and total acidity. The pH measurement results for all samples confirmed the acidic nature of the samples and resulted in a range between 3.45 and 3.80. And the pH variability was also found to be statistically significant for years (p=0.002) and regions (p=0.011). Finally, the correlation analysis between moisture (%), 10‐HDA (%), total acidity, and pH revealed no statistically significant or strong differences. This comprehensive study, supported by statistical analyses, is thought to be a useful reference for future research on RJ.
Undescribed Phenolic Glycosides from Syzygium attopeuense and Their Inhibition of Nitric Oxide Production
Authors: Van Kiem Phan , Hai Ninh Bui , Huu Tai Bui , Xuan Nhiem Nguyen , Hai Yen Pham , Huy Hoang Nguyen , Thi Trang Do , Thi Dung Duong , Van Tuyen Nguyen , Tuan Anh Le 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFour undescribed phenolic glycosides including three stilbene derivatives (1 and 3) and sodium salt of 3 (2), and a chalcone glycoside (4), together with thirteen known compounds (5–17) were isolated from the leaves of Syzygium attopeuense (Gagnep.) Merr. & L.M.Perry. Their chemical structures were elucidated to be (Z)‐gaylussacin (1), 6′′‐O‐galloylgaylussacin sodium salt (2), 6′′‐O‐galloylgaylussacin (3), 4′‐O‐[β‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐(1→6)‐glucopyranosyl]oxy‐2′‐hydroxy‐6′‐methoxydihydrochalcone (4), gaylussacin (5), pinosilvin 3‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside (6), myricetin‐3‐O‐(2′′‐O‐galloyl)‐α‐L‐rhamnopyranoside (7), myricetin‐3‐O‐(3′′‐O‐galloyl)‐α‐L‐rhamnopyranoside (8), myricetin‐3‐O‐α‐L‐rhamnopyranoside (9), quercitrin (10), myricetin‐3‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside (11), myricetin‐3‐O‐β‐D‐galactopyranoside (12), quercetin 3‐O‐α‐L‐arabinopyranoside (13), myricetin‐3‐O‐2′′‐O‐galloyl)‐α‐L‐arabinopyranoside (14), (+)‐gallocatechin (15), (−)‐epigallocatechin (16), and 3,3’,4’‐trimethoxyellagic acid 4‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside (17) by the analysis of HR‐ESI‐MS, 1D and 2D NMR spectra in comparison with the previously reported data. Compounds 1–3, 5, and 6 significant inhibition of NO production in LPS‐activated RAW264.7 cells, with IC50 values ranging from 18.37±1.38 to 35.12±2.53 μM, compared to a positive control (dexamethasone) with an IC50 value of 15.37±1.42 μM.
MEX3A induces the development of thyroid cancer via targeting CREB1
Authors: Feng Guoxun , Wang Penghui , Zhang Hongyi , Cheng Shi , Xing Ying , Wang Yuan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThyroid cancer is a prevalent form of endocrine cancer, and its global incidence has been steadily increasing. MEX3A is a protein that is known to be highly expressed in various human malignant tumors, including thyroid cancer, and it has been linked to patient prognosis. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying MEX3A's tumorigenic capabilities in thyroid cancer are not fully understood. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of MEX3A in thyroid cancer. We confirmed that MEX3A was overexpressed in both thyroid cancer tissues and cell lines. Additionally, we found a positive correlation between high levels of MEX3A and the AJCC stage. To further understand the functional significance of MEX3A in thyroid cancer, we depleted MEX3A expression in B‐CPAP and TPC‐1 cells. Interestingly, we observed a significant reduction in thyroid cancer cell proliferation and migration, as well as ameliorated cell apoptosis and arrested tumor growth upon MEX3A depletion. These findings strongly suggested that MEX3A played a critical role in the development of thyroid cancer. Furthermore, our study uncovered an important interaction between MEX3A and CREB1 (cAMP response element‐binding protein 1). The interaction between MEX3A and CREB1 appeared to contribute to the tumor‐promoting effects of MEX3A in thyroid cancer by directly targeting CREB1. Silencing CREB1 was observed to alleviate the malignant phenotypes promoted by MEX3A in thyroid cancer cells. Together, this study highlighted the importance of the MEX3A‐CREB1 interaction in thyroid cancer development and suggested the therapeutic potential of targeting MEX3A for the treatment of this disease.
Photocaging of Carboxylic Function Bearing Biomolecules by New Thiazole Derived Fluorophore
Authors: Gagarin Aleksey A. , Minin Artem S. , Shevyrin Vadim A. , Kostova Irena P. , Benassi Enrico , Belskaya Nataliya P. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe design and synthesis of a new fluorophore containing an arylidene thiazole scaffold resulted in a compound with good photophysical characteristics. Furthermore, the thiazole C5‐methyl group was easily modified into specific functional groups (CH2Br and CH2OH) for the formation of a series of photocourier molecules containing model compounds (benzoic acids), as well as prodrugs, including salicylic acid, caffeic acid, and chlorambucil via a “benzyl” linker. Spectral characteristics (1H, 13C NMR, and high‐resolution mass spectra) corresponded to the proposed structures. The photocourier molecules demonstrated absorption with high values of coefficient of molar extinction, exhibited contrasting green emission, and showed good dark stability. The mechanism of the photorelease was investigated through spectral analysis, HPLC‐HRMS, and supported by TD‐DFT calculations. The photoheterolysis and elimination of carboxylic acids were proved to occur in the excited state, yielding a carbocation as an intermediate moiety. The fluorophore structure provided stability to the carbocation through the delocalization of the positive charge via resonance structures. Viability assessment of Vero cells using the MTT‐test confirmed the weak cytotoxicity of prodrugs without irradiation and it increase upon UV‐light.
Dehydropolymerization of Amine−Boranes using Bis(imino)pyridine Rhodium Pre‐Catalysis: σ‐Amine−Borane Complexes, Nanoparticles, and Low Residual‐Metal BN−Polymers that can be Chemically Repurposed
Authors: Cross Mathew J. , Brodie Claire N. , Crivoi Dana G. , Goodall Joe C. , Ryan David E. , Martínez‐Martínez Antonio J. , Johnson Alice , Weller Andrew S. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe sigma amine−borane complexes [Rh(L1)(η2:η2‐H3B⋅NRH2)][OTf] (L1=2,6‐bis‐[1‐(2,6‐diisopropylphenylimino)ethyl]pyridine, R=Me, Et, nPr) are described, alongside [Rh(L1)(NMeH2)][OTf]. Using R=Me as a pre‐catalyst (1 mol %) the dehydropolymerization of H3B ⋅ NMeH2 gives [H2BNMeH]n selectively. Added NMeH2, or the direct use of [Rh(L1)(NMeH2)][OTf], is required for initiation of catalysis, which is suggested to operate through the formation of a neutral hydride complex, Rh(L1)H. The formation of small (1–5 nm) nanoparticles is observed at the end of catalysis, but studies are ambiguous as to whether the catalysis is solely nanoparticle promoted or if there is a molecular homogeneous component. [Rh(L1)(NMeH2)][OTf] is shown to operate at 0.025 mol % loadings on a 2 g scale of H3B ⋅ NMeH2 to give polyaminoborane [H2BNMeH]n [Mn=30,900 g/mol, Ð=1.8] that can be purified to a low residual [Rh] (6 μg/g). Addition of Na[N(SiMe3)2] to [H2BNMeH]n results in selective depolymerization to form the eee‐isomer of N,N,N‐trimethylcyclotriborazane [H2BNMeH]3: the chemical repurposing of a main‐group polymer.
Numerical modeling of scour and erosion processes around spur dike
Authors: Gupta Lav Kumar , Pandey Manish , Raj P. Anand 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSpur dikes are popular river training structures used for flow diversion, flood control, bank protection, and improving navigation. This paper aims to study the numerical modeling of scour depth in the vicinity of a rectangular spur dike using the renormalization group (RNG) turbulence model and sedimentary van Rijn model with nested mesh configuration using FLOW‐3D. This study is also carried out to analyze the three turbulence models such as RNG, 𝑘−𝜀, and Large‐Eddy simulation (LES), for estimating the scour depth and evaluating the temporal variation of maximum scour depth. It is observed that scour depth is overpredicted with the LES model configuration used in the present study, as compared to 𝑘−𝜀 and RNG models. Furthermore, the scour depth increases by increasing the bed load coefficient near to the spur dike. Simulated results show a good agreement within a 5% error with experimental results regarding the net change of sediment elevation and scour depth.
Ru‐Based Organometallic Agents Bearing Phenyl Hydroxide: Synthesis and Antibacterial Mechanism Study against Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Wang L. Q. , Zhang C. Y. , Chen J. J. , Lin W. J. , Yu G. Y. , Deng L. S. , Ji X. R. , Duan X. M. , Xiong Y. S. , Jiang G. J. , Wang J. T. , Liao X. W. , Liu L. H. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe development of antimicrobial agents with novel model of actions is a promising strategy to combat multiple resistant bacteria. Here, three ruthenium‐based complexes, which acted as potential antimicrobial agents, were synthesized and characterized. Importantly, three complexes all showed strong bactericidal potency against Staphylococcus aureus. In particular, the most active one has a MIC of 6.25 μg/mL. Mechanistic studies indicated that ruthenium complex killed S. aureus by releasing ROS and damaging the integrity of bacterial cell membrane. In addition, the most active complex not only could inhibit the biofilm formation and hemolytic toxin secretion of S. aureus, but also serve as a potential antimicrobial adjuvant as well, which showed synergistic effects with eight traditional antibiotics. Finally, both G. mellonella larva infection model and mouse skin infection model all demonstrated that ruthenium complex also showed significant efficacy against S. aureus in vivo. In summary, our study suggested that ruthenium‐based complexes bearing a phenyl hydroxide are promising antimicrobial agents for combating S. aureus.
Towards Higher NH3 Faradaic Efficiency: Selective‐Poisoning of HER Active Sites by Co‐Feeding CO in NO Electroreduction**
Authors: Li Min , Verkuil Jarco , Bunea Sorin , Kortlever Ruud , Urakawa Atsushi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDirect electroreduction of nitric oxide offers a promising avenue to produce valuable chemicals, such as ammonia, which is an essential chemical to produce fertilizers. Direct ammonia synthesis from NO in a polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) electrolyzer is advantageous for its continuous operation and excellent mass transport characteristics. However, at a high current density, the faradaic efficiency of NO electroreduction reaction is limited by the competing hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Herein, we report a CO‐mediated selective poisoning strategy to enhance the faradaic efficiency (FE) towards ammonia by suppressing the HER. In the presence of only NO at the cathode, Pt/C and Pd/C catalysts showed a lower FE towards NH3 than to H2 due to the dominating HER. Cu/C catalyst showed a 78 % FE towards NH3 at 2.0 V due to the stronger binding affinity to NO* compared to H*. By co‐feeding CO, the FE of Cu/C catalyst towards NH3 was improved by 12 %. More strikingly, for Pd/C, the FE towards NH3 was enhanced by 95 % with CO co‐feeding, by effectively suppressing HER. This is attributed to the change of the favorable surface coverage resulting from the selective and competitive binding of CO* to H* binding sites, thereby improving NH3 selectivity.
Reevaluating the process regime in the Sego Sandstone: Sedimentological and ichnological evidence for an underemphasised fluvial signature
Authors: Gugliotta Marcello , Collins Daniel S. , MacEachern James A. , El Euch‐El Koundi Narjess 
Published: August 2023

AbstractRocks of coastal to shallow‐marine origin are challenging to interpret owing to the complex interplay of various depositional processes. This study reevaluates the relative roles of fluvial, tidal and wave processes in the Upper Cretaceous Sego Sandstone (and subordinately in the underlying Buck Tongue) of the Book Cliffs, USA, a well‐studied ancient coastal to shallow‐marine succession. Detailed sedimentological and ichnological analyses were used to interpret a previously underemphasised riverine signature, consisting of centimetre‐ to decimetre‐thick alternations of sandstone and heterolithic beds inferred to represent flood–interflood periods of variable river discharge. Recognition of a widespread fluvial‐dominated signature across the studied units better agrees with other sedimentological and regional observations in the study area, such as high sandstone–mudstone ratios, largely unidirectional and seaward‐oriented palaeocurrents, and modelled weak tidal conditions in the basin. When considering all of the sedimentological, ichnological and stratigraphic observations together with its regional depositional context, the Sego Sandstone/Buck Tongue system is better explained using a mixed‐energy but fluvial‐dominated deltaic model. This highlights an historical over‐interpretation of tidal processes and subordinate wave processes in the Sego Sandstone and likely in similar units. The widely used approach that emphasises only certain sedimentary features in discerning the process regime from analysis of rocks of inferred coastal to shallow‐marine origin is unrefined and may therefore underrepresent the actual complexity of these systems.
Estimated prevalence of DSM‐5 eating disorders in Norwegian adolescents: A community based two‐phase study
Authors: Dahlgren Camilla Lindvall , Reneflot Anne , Brunborg Cathrine , Wennersberg Anne‐Louise , Wisting Line 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveLittle is known about the prevalence of DSM‐5 eating disorders (EDs) in adolescents. In Norway, the most recent community‐based prevalence study in adolescents was published more than 20 years ago. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of DSM‐5 EDs in Norwegian adolescents using a two‐phase design.MethodA total of 1558 upper secondary school students (827 girls and 730 boys) (ages 16–19) were screened for at‐risk ED pathology using the Eating Disorder Examination–Questionnaire short version (EDE‐QS). A sub‐sample of 99 adolescents (87 girls and 12 boys) subsequently participated in a clinical interview using the Eating Disorder Assessment for DSM‐5 (EDA‐5).ResultsEating pathology was common, with 19.9% of participants scoring at or above the applied EDE‐QS cut‐off. The estimated prevalence of any ED was 9.4% in the total sample, and 16.4% in girls. The number of boys who took part in the diagnostic interview was low, thus, diagnostic data from boys were not analyzed separately. Prevalence estimates of AN, BN, BED, and OSFED in girls were 2.7%, 1.1%, 1.9%, and 10.7%. Atypical AN was the most frequently assigned diagnosis in girls.DiscussionSampling biases limit generalizability of results. Additional population‐based studies are warranted to assess the prevalence of EDs in Norwegian youth.Public Significance StatementIn this study, 1558 adolescents, aged 16–19, were screened for ED pathology. A subsample completed a diagnostic interview using DSM‐5 criteria. Results showed that one in five adolescents displayed problematic eating behaviors and cognitions. The estimated prevalence rate of any ED was 9.4%. Sampling biases limit generalizability of results. Additional population‐based studies are warranted to assess the prevalence of EDs in Norwegian youth.
Pollinator‐mediated plant coexistence requires high levels of pollinator specialization
Authors: Bruninga‐Socolar Bethanne , Socolar Jacob B. , Konzmann Sabine , Lunau Klaus 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn pollen‐limited plant communities, the foraging behavior of pollinators might mediate coexistence and competitive exclusion of plant species by determining which plants receive conspecific pollen. A key question is whether realistic pollinator foraging behavior promotes coexistence or exclusion of plant species. We use a simulation model to understand how pollinator foraging behavior impacts the coexistence dynamics of pollen‐limited plants. To determine whether pollinators are likely to provide a biologically important coexistence mechanism, we compare our results to bee foraging data from the literature and from a novel experimental analysis. Model results indicate that strong specialization at the level of individual foraging paths is required to promote coexistence. However, few empirical studies have robustly quantified within‐bout specialization. Species‐level data suggest that foraging behavior is sufficient to permit pollinator‐mediated coexistence in species‐poor plant communities and possibly in diverse communities where congeneric plants co‐occur. Our experiments using bumblebees show that individual‐level specialization does exist, but not at levels sufficient to substantially impact coexistence dynamics. The literature on specialization within natural foraging paths suffers from key limitations, but overall suggests that pollinator‐mediated coexistence should be rare in diverse plant communities.
When to shed? Patterns and drivers of time to first ecdysis in snakes
Authors: Wagner Cecilia , Miller Ashadee K. , Engelbrecht Hanlie M. , Greene Harry W. , Alexander Graham J. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTime from birth or hatching to the first shed (postnatal ecdysis) in snakes ranges from about an hour to several weeks depending upon the species. We assessed patterns in time to postnatal ecdysis in 102 snake species for which we could source appropriate information, covering 2.6% of all extant snake species, and related measures to various biological traits. Reconstruction revealed ancestral time to postnatal ecdysis to be 11 days. Since time to postnatal ecdysis can be shorter or longer than the ancestral state, we argue that there are several competing drivers for time to postnatal ecdysis. A reduced time to postnatal ecdysis has evolved in several lineages, commonly in ambush‐foraging, viviparous vipers, while extended time to postnatal ecdysis is associated with oviparous species with maternal care. Of central importance is the impact of postnatal ecdysis on the scent levels of neonates, resulting in a reduction of time to postnatal ecdysis in chemically cryptic species, while the pivotal role of scent in mother–neonate recognition has resulted in the retention or extension of time to postnatal ecdysis. We showed that postnatal ecdysis improves chemical crypsis. The patterns revealed in this study suggest that measures of time to postnatal ecdysis can provide insights into the biology of snakes and be used as an indicator of certain life history traits.