bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Would 14-3-3η enable an approach to personalized medicine for secondary osteoporosis in rheumatoid arthritis?
Authors: farag naglaa makram , ismael faten , mousa mahmoud , elsayed Eman , KAMAL OMNIA , mansour samar 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: Early identification and disease monitoring of secondary osteoporosis(OP) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are challenges for rheumatologists, identification of biomarkers predictive to bone mineral density (BMD) change is crucial in management. Serum 14-3-3η protein is validated as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in RA. Meanwhile the exact mechanism by which 14-3-3η intervenes osteoporosis is still unclear and few studies have been focused on it. Our aim was to evaluate the association among 14-3-3η protein, inflammation, bone remodeling, osteoporosis risk and disease activity in RA patients.
Methods:
Bone mineral density was measured using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, serum samples were collected for all participants. Quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to determine 14-3-3η, TNF-α and IL-6 levels. Meanwhile, B-CTX and PINP were measured using electrochemical luminescence immune-analyzer. The diagnostic value of each marker was determined via receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and the association between 14-3-3η and osteoporosis was assessed using multiple logistic regression which identified 14-3-3η as an independent risk factor for RA-related osteoporosis.
Results:
Seventy-two RA patients and twenty five controls. Patients were divided into three subgroups, normal BMD, osteopenia, and osteoporotic. Serum 14-3-3 η, TNF-α, B-CTX and IL-6 level were the highest and PINP is the lowest in osteoporosis group, There were significant differences among the subgroups (p<0.05). Also, there were significant positive correlation between 14-3-3 η and TNF-α,B-CTX ,IL-6 (p<0.05) while it had significant negative correlation with both BMD, PINP (p<0.05).
Conclusion
Serum 14-3-3η is independent risk factor for RA-related osteoporosis. Serum 14-3-3η detection by itself or combined with other indices was helpful in predicting osteoporosis. Its effect on osteoporosis may be due to its role in adjusting inflammation and bone remodeling.
Genetic Variability and Diversity for Rancidity and Associated Characters in Pearl Millet (Pennisetum Glaucum L.)
Authors: Pallavi M , REDDY P. SANJANA , RATNAVATHI C. V. , Krishna K V Radha 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Pearl millet is a world’s hardiest warm season crop with a very good source of energy, protein, iron and zinc. The development of high yielding pearl millet hybrids with good keeping quality of the flour is essential to meet the needs of food industry. In this study yield, rancidity and its associated characters were estimated in 49 parental lines comprising of 24 B lines and 25 R lines of pearl millet. The lines 07999R, 04999B, 08222R were identified as low rancid lines. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance was reported for 1000 seed weight, fat content, lipase, lipoxygenase, peroxidase and alcoholic acidity on 5th day of storage indicating additive gene effectgoverning these traits. Correlation studies suggested that alcoholic acidity on 5th day of storage was positively associated with activity of enzymes lipase and lipoxygenase. In diversity studies Cluster II had lines with low alcoholic acidity on 5th day of storage and moderate grain yield per plant.
Time trends in survival and causes of death in multiple myeloma: a population-based study from Germany
Authors: Eisfeld Christine , Kajüter Hiltraud , Möller Lennart , Wellmann Ina , Shumilov Evgenii , Stang Andreas 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Steady evolution of therapies has improved prognosis of patients with multiple myeloma (MM) over the past two decades. Yet, knowledge about survival trends and causes of death in MM might play a crucial role in long-term management of this patient collective. Here, we investigate time trends in myeloma-specific survival at the population level over two decades and analyse causes of death in times of prolonged survival.
Methods
Age-standardised and age group-specific relative survival (RS) of MM patients aged <80 years at diagnosis was estimated for consecutive time periods from 2000-2019 using data from the Cancer Registry of North Rhine-Westphalia in Germany. Conditional RS was estimated for patients who already survived one to five years post diagnosis. Causes of death in MM patients were analysed and compared to the general population using standardised mortality ratios (SMR).
Results
Over two decades, age-standardised 5-year RS increased from 37% to 62%. Age-specific survival improved from 41% in period 2000-2004 to 69% in period 2015-2019 in the age group 15-69 years, and from 23% to 47% in the age group 70-79 years. Conditional 5-year RS of patients who survived five years after diagnosis slightly improved as compared to unconditional 5-year RS at diagnosis. MM patients are two times more likely to die from non-myeloma malignancies (SMR=1.97, 95% CI 1.81-2.15) and from cardiovascular diseases (SMR=2.01, 95% CI 1.86-2.18) than the general population.
Conclusions
Prognosis of patients with MM has markedly improved since the year 2000 due to therapeutic advances. Nevertheless, late mortality remains a major concern. As survival improves, second primary malignancies and cardiovascular events deserve increased attention.
Molecular characterization of bread quality contributing high &amp; low-molecular-weight glutenin subunits in Pakistani spring wheat genotypes
Authors: Bashir Muhammad Ammar , Kashif Muhammad , Habib Imran , Nazir Shahid , Mumtaz Amer , Sajid-ur-Rehman Sajid-ur-Rehman 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
To date, both quality related high-molecular-weight (HMW) and low-molecular-weight (LMW) glutenin genes related to dough extensibility and viscoelasticity traits were investigated separately in wheat. Therefore, the present study was designed to molecularly characterize nine spring wheat genotypes for desirable bread quality attributes by using gene/allele-specific DNA markers for both HMW and LMW glutenin and validating these results by conducting different bread quality analysis. The PCR results indicated that Uaf-10137 and Akbar-19 genotypes carried those HMW & LMW-Gs alleles that had previously been associated with good bread quality. These genotypes had Ax2*, Bx7 + By8 and Dx5 + Dy10 allelic combinations at Glu-1 loci, while gluA3b and gluB3b alleles were only present in Uaf-10137 at Glu-3 loci. However, Akbar-19 only had gluB3b allele at Glu-3 loci. Furthermore, the PCR investigation in Uaf-10123, Subhani-21, Uaf-10136 and Dilkash-20 genotypes confirmed the presence of some unknown alleles at both Glu-1 and Glu-3 loci thus indicating moderate bread making quality. In contrary to this, Uaf-9515 and M.H-21 showed the presence of unknown alleles at Glu-A1, Glu-B1, Glu-A3, Glu-B3 loci and gave poor performance for bread quality parameters. Similar results were observed by using various bread quality-related tests such as farinograph, extensograph, sedimentation and bread volume. The results of these tests were in line with the findings of molecular investigations performed at the same wheat genotypes. In conclusion, genotypes UAf-10137 and Akbar-19 were identified for having good bread making quality attributes and can be used as parents or as a good source of bread quality genes/alleles in future breeding programs.
Genome-Wide View and Characterization of Natural Antisense Transcripts in Cannabis Sativa L.
Authors: Liu Jingting , Wu Bin , Liu Chang 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Natural Antisense Transcripts (NATs) are a kind of complex regulatory RNAs that play vitriol roles in gene expression and regulation. In recent years, due to the tremendous economic and medicinal values of cannabinoids, the genome of Cannabis Sativa L. was sequenced and the the biosynthetic pathway of cannabinoids was deciphered. Moreover, the regulation of non-coding RNAs, including microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs involved in the biosynthesis of cannabinoids were predicted. However, the NATs in C. sativa remain unknown. In this study, we predicted C. sativa NATs genome-wide by a computational pipeline using strand-specific RNA sequencing (ssRNA-Seq) data. Then, we performed a comprehensive analysis and validated the expression profiles by strand-specific quantitative reverse transcription PCR (ssRT-qPCR). As a result, 260 NATs were predicted in C. sativa, including 92 cis- and 168 trans-NATs. The primary type of cis-NATs was sense transcripts (STs) containing NATs. The expression profiles of 92% of transcripts of ssRNA-Seq were consistent with those of the ssRT-qPCR. Functional enrichment analysis demonstrated that the C. sativa NATs potentially participated in growth and development, stress resistance, and the biosynthesis of compounds. Finally, 12 cis- and 278 trans- NAT-ST pairs were predicted to produce 476 cis- and 2342 trans- small interfering RNA (nat-siRNAs), respectively. These nat-siRNAs were potentially involved in the biosynthesis of cannabinoids, fatty acids, and cellulose. All these results will shed light on the regulation of NATs and nat-siRNAs in C. sativa.
A piston-cylinder-configured nano-motor prototype
Authors: He Longbing , Shangguan Lei , Gao Yu-Tian , Yang Sen , Ran Ya-Ting , Lu Zi-Yu , Zhu Jiong-Hao , Wang Bin-Jie , Sun Litao 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Manipulation of nano-objects is fascinating as it not only facilitates the understanding of the essential properties of nanomaterials, but also enlightens the design of future nano-devices beyond current micro-electro-mechanical systems. In this paper, a piston-cylinder-configured nano-motor prototype is designed and fabricated, in which nanometer-sized Te segments are electrically controlled to reciprocate inside the carbon cylinder serving as nano-pistons. The nano-motor prototype has a length of ~ 550 nm, an outer diameter of ~ 150 nm, and a piston diameter of ~ 30 nm, respectively. Electron-wind and thermal expansion are two reciprocal forces that create a dynamic equilibrium on the Te pistons and enable the circulating motions. With bias control, a piston circulating rate of 0 ~ 4.3 counts per second has been achieved. This prototype is the smallest piston-cylinder-type nano-motor that has ever been reported.
The value of MRI-based radiomic nomograms in differential diagnosis and metastasis prediction of rhabdomyosarcoma and neuroblastoma in children
Authors: Wu Jiheng , Jia Xuan , Shou Xinyi , Wang Wenqi , Liu Lei , Wang Jinhu , Ni Hongfei , Zhang Hongxi , Ni Shaoqing 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) and neuroblastoma (NB) are highly malignant soft tissue sarcoma with tendency to metastasize. Due to the similarities in clinical manifestations and imaging features between RMS and NB, they are often misdiagnosed, which resulted in improper treatment progression of the mass. On the other hand, the treatment paradigm for patients with metastasis RMS/NB and non-metastasis RMS/NB is different. Preoperative abdominal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can provide valuable information for differential diagnosis and metastasis prediction to support surgical decisions. This study aimed to develop MRI-based whole-volume tumor radiomic signatures for differential diagnosis and metastasis prediction.
Methods: We retrospectively sampled 40 patients (21 patients with RMS and 19 patients with NB). Using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression and stepwise logistic regression, a classification model and a metastasis prediction model based on MRI radiomic signatures were constructed. Nomograms were established by integrating the MRI information for better classification and prediction. Harrell's concordance index (C-index) and time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used as performance evaluating metrics.
Results: The nomograms consisting of radiomic signatures demonstrated good discrimination and calibration in classification (area under the curve [AUC]=89.97%) and metastasis prediction (AUC=82.25%). The calibration curve and GiViTI calibration belt value analysis indicated that the radiomic nomograms can be used in clinical practice.
Conclusions: MRI-based whole-tumor radiomic signatures have excellent performance for differential diagnosis and metastasis prediction in pediatric RMS and NB. Radiomic nomograms may aid in preoperative risk assessment and guide personalized treatment strategies for pediatric soft tissue sarcomas.
Complex dynamics of knowledgeable monopoly models with gradient mechanisms
Authors: Li Xiaoliang , Fu Jiacheng , Niu Wei 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we explore the dynamics of two monopoly models with knowledgeable players. The first model was initially introduced by Naimzada and Ricchiuti, while the second one is simplified from a famous monopoly introduced by Puu. We employ several tools based on symbolic computations to analyze the local stability and bifurcations of the two models. To the best of our knowledge, the complete stability conditions of the second model are obtained for the first time. We also investigate periodic solutions as well as their stability. Most importantly, we discover that the topological structure of the parameter space of the second model is much more complex than that of the first one. Specifically, in the first model, the parameter region for the stability of any periodic orbit with a fixed order constitutes a connected set. In the second model, however, the stability regions for the 3-cycle, 4-cycle, and 5-cycle orbits are disconnected sets formed by many disjoint portions. Furthermore, we find that the basins of the two stable equilibria in the second model are disconnected and also have complicated topological structures. In addition, the existence of chaos in the sense of Li-Yorke is rigorously proved by finding snapback repellers and 3-cycle orbits in the two models, respectively.
Efficacy of the unmodified and modified water indices for saline wetland ecosystems
Authors: Singh Varun , Sharma Laxmikant , Naik Rajashree 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Wetlands are world’s most significant, and diversified ecosystems, including an exclusive combination of water and land in both marine, and inland settings. Inland saline wetlands predominantly occur in arid and semi-arid regions of the world. Our study area the Sambhar Salt Lake is a halite-rich basin, which is India’s largest inland saline lake and situated in a semi-arid region, Eastern part of Thar Desert. Index methods are predominantly used for area change finding, and inspection purpose which split the water from its background on the basis of a threshold value. In this study we used 6 indices for surface area change detection of the lake from December 2018 and December 2021, for which we used Sentinel–2B data. We also analysed the physical parameters of water along with nitrate, and phosphate. The results showed decrease in concentration of EC, TDS, and salinity in 2018 to 2021 except pH. This may be due to rise in water level of the lake. Extracted surface water area increased in December 2021 compared to December 2018 by ~ 57 km2. This change in extracted surface water area reflects the human’s influence on lake. The NDWI index shows maximum area change ~ 13.35%. while overall best result was shown by AWEIsh and SWI indices. We found AWEIsh based algorithms achieved high accuracy 93.33% and kappa coefficient 0.9134 in compared to others. To conserve this highly deteriorating precious ecosystem there is need of proper monitoring and strict rules & regulation for its resources use.
Resource Allocation Algorithm for UAV-Aided Symbiotic Radio Communication System
Authors: Zhang Yaping , Zhu Qi 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Aiming at the issue of how to improve the system transmission rate in a multiple Internet of things (IoT) device application scenario, we propose the resource allocation algorithm of the symbiotic radio communication system under multiple backscatter devices (BDs) assisted by unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). We consider the base station sends signals to cellular users, and multiple terrestrial BDs collect energy and backscatter the RF signals sent by the base station. The UAV receives the backscatter signals of all BDs and collects the data of them, that is, all BDs share the RF sources with the cellular users, forming a symbiotic radio system. We formulate the optimization problem of maximizing BDs’ sum rate by jointly optimizing the time allocation, BDs’ reflection coefficient and UAV location under constraints of BD’s harvested energy, quality of service (QoS) of cellular users and UAV. Since the optimum problem is non-convex, it is difficult to solve directly. Therefore, the iterative algorithm based on block coordinate descent (BCD) method can be adopted, which decomposes the optimization problem into three sub-problems: time allocation, reflection coefficients of BDs and UAV location. For non-convex sub-problems, we utilize the successive convex approximation (SCA) technique to transform it into convex optimization problems, and we prove that the conversion is convex optimization problems. Simulation results show that our proposed algorithm converges fast, and significantly improves system transmission rate compared with other schemes.
Unacceptable leg length discrepancy in skeletally mature patients with osteosarcoma?
Authors: Xu Hairong , Li Yuan , Yu Feng , Liu Weifeng , Hao Lin , Zhang Qing , Niu Xiaohui 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Introduction Correction of leg length discrepancy (LLD) in skeletally mature patients with osteosarcoma was rarely reported and quite challenging. This study aimed to propose a treatment strategy of staged lengthening and reconstruction with a standard static prosthesis to address LLD and restore limb function. It also evaluated the effectiveness of the strategy in terms of leg lengthening, functional outcomes, and complications.
Methods The strategy for lengthening included three stages. In stage 1, the previous prosthesis was removed and an external fixator with a temporary rod-cement spacer was placed. In this stage, the external fixator was used to lengthen the limb to the appropriate length. In stage 2, the external fixator was removed and the old rod-cement spacer was replaced with a new one. In stage 3, the rod-cement spacer was removed and the standard static prosthesis was planted. Nine skeletally mature distal femoral osteosarcoma patients with unacceptable LLD were treated in our institution from 2019 to 2021. We performed a chart review on nine patients for the clinical and radiographic assessment of functional outcomes, LLD, and complications.
Results The mean (range) leg lengthening was 7.3 cm (3.6–15.6). The mean (range) LLD of the lower limbs decreased from 7.6 cm (4.1–14.2) before the lengthening to 0.3 cm (–0.3 to 2.1) at the final follow-up with statistical significance (P = 0.000). The mean (range) Musculoskeletal Tumor Society score improved from 30.3% (16.7%–53.3%) before the lengthening to 96.3% (86.7%–100%) at the final follow-up with statistical significance (P = 0.000). Three patients (33.3%) had a minor complication; none needed additional surgical intervention.
Conclusions In the short term, the current staged lengthening and reconstruction with standard static prosthesis provided satisfactory functional outcomes and LLD correction with few complications. The long-term effects of this method need further exploration.
Level of Evidence Level IV, therapeutic study
Upregulated extracellular matrix-related genes and impaired synaptic activity in dopaminergic and hippocampal neurons derived from Parkinson's disease patients with PINK1 and PARK2 mutations
Authors: Stern Shani , Tripathi Utkarsh , Rosh Idan , Ezer Ran Ben , Nayak Ritu , Choudhary Ashwani , Djamus Jose , Manole Andreea , Houlden Henry , Gage Fred 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disease. Primary symptoms of PD arise with the loss of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta, but it affects the hippocampus and cortex also, usually in its later stage. Approximately 15% of PD cases familial with a genetic mutation. Two of the most associated genes with autosomal recessive (AR) early-onset familial PD are PINK1 and PARK2. There is a need for in-vitro studies of these genetic mutations in order to understand the neurophysiological changes in patients' neurons that may contribute to neurodegeneration. In this work, we generated and differentiated DA and hippocampal neurons from iPSCs derived from two patients with a double mutation in their PINK1 and PARK2 (one homozygous and one heterozygous) genes and assessed their neurophysiology compared to two healthy controls. We showed that the synaptic activity of PD neurons generated from patients with the PINK1 and PARK2 mutations is impaired in the hippocampus and dopaminergic neurons. Mutant dopaminergic neurons had enhanced excitatory post-synaptic activity. In addition, DA neurons with the homozygous mutation of PINK1 exhibited more pronounced electrophysiological differences compared to the control neurons. Signaling network analysis of RNA sequencing results revealed that Focal adhesion and ECM receptor pathway were the top 2 upregulated pathways in the mutant PD neurons. These phenotypes are reversed to PD phenotypes of other mutations, suggesting that the interaction of the two mutations may yield different mechanisms of PD.
Atezolizumab versus Pembrolizumab for First-line Treatment in Non-small-cell Lung Cancer with High PD-L1 Expression: A Network Meta-analysis and Cost-effectiveness Analysis from Chinese Perspectives
Authors: Cheng Shuqiao , Li Jianhuang , Li Bin , Tang Lanhua , Yin Tao , Liu Shao 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: Atezolizumab and pembrolizumab have been approved for treating metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with high programmed cell death - ligand 1(PD-L1) expression in the first-line setting. This study aimed to compare the cost-effectiveness of the two ICI monotherapies in this patient population, from the perspective of Chinese payer's.
Material and Methods: Using network meta-analysis and partitioned survival model, we conducted cost-effectiveness analysis for atezolizumab and pembrolizumab for the first-line treatment of NSCLC. Clinical information was gathered from phase 3 randomized clinical trials. Costs and health state utilities data were derived from previous literature or calculated from perspectives of payers in China. Uncertainty of the model was explored by performing one-way sensitivity analysis and probabilistic sensitivity analysis. Scenario analysis was conducted to investigate the influence of drug assistance projects on the cost-effectiveness of certain group of people.
Results: In base case analysis, atezolizumab improved 0.18 quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs), accompany with a decreased overall cost of $100, resulting in its dominance of pembrolizumab. The scenario analysis showed that with the drug assistance projects, the use of atezolizumab increased cost of $9,564 compared with pembrolizumab, which led to an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of $54,475 per QALY.
Conclusion: In this economic evaluation comparing two ICI monotherapies for high PD-L1 expression metastatic NSCLC patients, atezolizumab was the dominant treatment strategy compared with pembrolizumab. In scenario analysis, we explored the influence of drug assistance projects for ICIs and found that atezolizumab was not cost-effective compared with pembrolizumab at a willingness-to-pay (WTP) threshold of $38,431 per QALY.