bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of the temperature–time regime on the mechanical properties during the DED-Arc process of near-net-shape Ti-6Al-4 V components
Authors: Gierth Maximilian , Michael Nils , Henckell Philipp , Reimann Jan , Hildebrand Jörg , Bergmann Jean Pierre 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn a research project, the additive manufacturing process of components made of Ti-6Al-4 V using gas metal arc welding (GMAW), which is classified into the directed energy deposition–arc (DED-Arc) processes, was investigated. The project focused on the systematic development of economical additive build-up strategies and the analysis of the temperature–time regime during the build-up process, as well as the investigation of the resulting properties. A welding range diagram was created with recommendations for process settings for additive manufacturing with the controlled short circuit, as well as a presentation of possible defect patterns outside the range shown. For the fabrication of thick-walled structures, various build-up strategies were investigated by modifying the welding path and evaluated with regard to their suitability. Based on the results, additive structures were fabricated by varying the temperature–time regime in order to gain insights into selected geometrical, metallurgical, and mechanical properties. Different energy inputs per unit length, structure dimensions, and interpass temperatures (IPT) were used for this purpose. The research project provides comprehensive findings on the additive processing of the material Ti-6Al-4 V using metal inert gas welding, in particular with regard to the temperature–time regime and the resulting properties.
Potential Effects of Dynamic Stretching on Injury Incidence of Athletes: A Narrative Review of Risk Factors
Authors: Behm David G. , Alizadeh Shahab , Daneshjoo Abdolhamid , Konrad Andreas 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe use of dynamic stretching as a replacement for static stretching in the warm-up is widespread based on the reports of static stretching-induced performance impairments. While acute and chronic static stretching has been reported to reduce musculotendinous injuries, especially with explosive and change of direction actions, the influence of dynamic stretching on injury incidence lacks a similar volume of literature for acute and chronic responses. It was the objective of this narrative review to examine the acute and training effects of dynamic stretching on injury incidence and possible moderating variables such as dynamic stretching effects on range of motion, strength, balance, proprioception, muscle morphology, and psycho-physiological responses. One study demonstrated no significant difference regarding injury incidence when comparing a dynamic stretching-only group versus a combined dynamic stretching plus static stretching group. The only other study examined functional dynamic stretching training with injured dancers and reported improved ankle joint stability. However, several studies have shown that dynamic activity with some dynamic stretching exercises within a warm-up consistently demonstrates positive effects on injury incidence. Regarding moderating variables, while there is evidence that an acute bout of dynamic stretching can enhance range of motion, the acute and training effects of dynamic stretching on strength, balance, proprioception, and musculotendinous stiffness/compliance are less clear. The acute effects of dynamic stretching on thixotropic effects and psycho-physiological responses could be beneficial for injury reduction. However, the overall conflicting studies and a lack of substantial literature compared with SS effects points to a need for more extensive studies in this area.
Multi-resonant Controller Design for a PV-Fed Multifunctional Grid-Connected Inverter in Presence of Unbalanced and Nonlinear Load
Authors: Valedsaravi Seyedamin , Aroudi Abdelali El , Barrado-Rodrigo Jose A. , Hamzeh Mohsen , Martínez-Salamero Luis 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe use of Active Power Filters (APFs) in future power grids with high penetration of nonlinear loads is unavoidable. Voltage Source Inverters (VSIs) interfacing Photovoltaic (PV) generator could play the APF role in addition to power supply. In this paper, the control of a PV-fed multifunctional grid-connected three-phase VSI is addressed with nonlinear and unbalanced load. The control objective is threefold. The first one is to deliver the maximum available power from the PV source to the grid satisfying power quality standards. The second one is the Voltage Balancing Control for DC-link capacitors to guarantee correct operation of the VSI. The last one is shunt APF control to compensate for nonlinear and unbalanced load harmonics, reactive power, and unbalanced sequences. A quasi-Proportional-Resonant (PR) controller with harmonic compensators is proposed for the current control loop. The quasi-PR controller parameters are determined through optimization algorithms such as Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Genetic Algorithm (GA), and a combination of both PSO and GA. The aim of the objective function is to improve static and dynamic behavior. The different gains at the fundamental resonant frequency and the selected odd harmonics are obtained for the proposed quasi-PR controller. The dynamic characteristics of the optimized quasi-PR controllers show superiority against conventional ones in terms of gain margin, phase margin, overshoot, and robustness. With the proposed control scheme, the harmonics, reactive power, and unbalanced sequences are appropriately compensated. The performance of the PV-fed VSI shunt APF under irradiance change, load change, and distorted grid voltage conditions is validated through numerical simulations performed on $$\hbox {PSIM}^{\copyright }$$

PSIM
©

software. The results show that the grid currents Total Harmonic Distortion for irradiance change case study are $$4.57\%$$

4.57
%

, $$4.57\%$$

4.57
%

, and $$3.22\%$$

3.22
%

in phase a, b, and c with the proposed control method, while they are $$9.25\%$$

9.25
%

, $$5.65\%$$

5.65
%

, and $$10.12\%$$

10.12
%

with conventional instantaneous $$p-q$$

p
-
q

theory.
The Role of EU Trade Secrets Law in the Data Economy: An Empirical Analysis
Authors: Aplin Tanya , Radauer Alfred , Bader Martin A. , Searle Nicola 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis article draws on a recently completed study for the European Commission on trade secrets in the data economy. It distils the main findings of that Study and advances it by reflecting on and analyzing these findings in the context of existing legal, management and economics literature, as well as their implications for EU legal policymaking when it comes to trade secrets law. In order to facilitate data sharing, the article argues for a cautious approach, with very modest legislative reforms to the EU Trade Secrets Directive, instead preferring soft law and practical steps to be taken. There is, however, greater scope to reform legal regimes that are complementary to EU trade secrets law, such as thesui generisdatabase right.
Non-contact detection of hidden damages in dispersive media using the instantaneous phase
Authors: Collazos-Burbano David A. , Ealo Joao L. , Orrego-Gonzalez Alejandro 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe assessment of dispersive media may become a challenge due to the high attenuation ratios, anisotropy and geometrical particularities of the specimen under study. Besides, non-contact methods that preserve the integrity of samples are needed when some degree of purity is required, e.g., when water immersion is not allowed, and the direct contact is not feasible. In this work, we study composite plates, in which acoustic dispersion is present. We use a non-contact hybrid optoacoustic system to implement the experimental setup that makes it possible the detection of the non-exposed damages of the samples. Different relevant aspects, such as cost, maximum frequency achieved, bandwidth, sensitivity, signal-to-noise ratio and spatial resolution were considered before setting the experimental configuration. Though dispersion curves are reconstructed, we emphasize the use of the instantaneous information of signals to detect the faults. Moreover, the instantaneous phase front of the acoustic field becomes a relevant complementary tool for ultrasonic inspection and characterization of dispersive media. In particular, it highlights hidden characteristics which are not visible with other commonly-used representations, namely, the instantaneous amplitude, the time-frequency distributions or the dispersion curves widely employed in non-destructive testing. This work provides an alternative approach to study highly attenuating media where the signal-to-noise ratio is a challenge, and the available scanning path is limited, e.g., layered and poroelastic media such as biological tissues.
Gamified Environments and Serious Games for Students With Autistic Spectrum Disorder: Review of Research
Authors: López-Bouzas Nerea , del Moral-Pérez M. Esther 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe aim of this study is to review the available research (N = 70) derived from the use of Gamified Environments and Serious Games with people with Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD), identifying: authorship, nationality, publication period, topic, and design of the investigation. After that, the advantages and limitations observed are identified. Results indicate that most of them are focused on the design and testing of prototypes, (mostly) linked to the increase of social and emotional skills. The revision highlights that the game’s mechanics and dynamics (feedback, rewards, missions, etc.) involve students from motivation. There is unanimous agreement to emphasize the positive impact of these resources to increment self-control, self-conscience, autonomy, and empathy.
New experimental methodology to evaluate lubrication properties of synovial fluid containing worn tissue particles in osteoarthritis patients
Authors: Dvir Israel , Abd-Rbo Kareem , Segal David , Kandel Leonid Arieh , Kasem Haytam 
Published: May 2023

AbstractStudying the lubrication properties of osteoarthritis (OA) synovial fluid (SF) enables an understanding of the boundary lubrication joint, mobility, and friction. However, tribology has never been combined with the clinical reality of the presence of worn particles within the synovial fluid and how they affect the osteoarthritic joints. Part of the problem relates to the tribology methods studying friction by applying inadequate pin-on-disc techniques. In this study, synovial fluid with and without worn particles was studied using a customized tribometer. This method enables opening the contact at the end of each cycle and simulates better contact conditions of a natural knee joint and can thus be applied for evaluating the severity of joint OA and the treatment given to the patient.
Novel concept of nano-additive design: PTFE@silica Janus nanoparticles for water lubrication
Authors: Liu Yanfei , He Hailing , Yang Meng , Zhang Ruize , Yu Shengtao , Yang Tiantian , Wang Wenzhong , Liang Fuxin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPolytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) has been widely used as a lubrication additive for reducing friction and wear; however, the hydrophobic nature of PTFE restricts its application in eco-friendly water-based lubrication systems. In this study, for the first time, we designed novel PTFE@silica Janus nanoparticles (JNs) to meet the requirement for additives in water-based lubricants, which have excellent dispersion stability in water attributed to the unique amphiphilic structure. By introducing the lubrication of the aqueous dispersion of the JNs with a concentration of 0.5 wt%, the coefficient of friction (COF) and wear volume were reduced by 63.8% and 94.2%, respectively, comparing to those with the lubrication of pure water. Meanwhile, the JNs suspension also exhibits better lubrication and wear-resistance performances comparing to commercial silica and PTFE suspensions. The excellent tribological behaviors of PTFE@silica JNs as nano-additives could be attributed to the synergetic effect of the two components, where the PTFE provided lubrication through the formed tribofilms on the friction pairs, and the rigid silica further enhanced the wear-resistance performance. Most importantly, the unique structure of JNs makes it possible to use PTFE as an additive in water-lubrication systems. Our study shed light on the design and application of novel JNs nanomaterials as additives to meet the requirements of future industrial applications.
Quantum algorithms: applications, criteria and metrics
Authors: Durán Claudia , Carrasco Raúl , Soto Ismael , Galeas Ignacio , Azócar José , Peña Victoria , Lara-Salazar Sebastián , Gutierrez Sebastián 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn the field of data processing and IoT communication it is possible to develop more robust solutions by combining quantum algorithms with metaheuristics. Said solutions can be applied in the industry and be measured using metrics associated with complexity, efficiency, processing, and accuracy. An extensive bibliographical review is carried out to determine which is the most efficient and effective hybrid algorithm that can be applied to a real experimental case, which aims to improve communication to reduce occupational risks. Criteria, metrics, and experimental results were obtained, in which it is shown that the quantum genetic algorithm is better than the genetic algorithm. A detailed discussion on the objective function, the convergence to the global optimum, and the need to improve the obtained solutions is given. The conclusions raise new aspects that need investigation.
Liouvillian solutions for second order linear differential equations with Laurent polynomial coefficient
Authors: Acosta-Humánez Primitivo B. , Blázquez-Sanz David , Venegas-Gómez Henock 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis paper is devoted to a complete parametric study of Liouvillian solutions of the general trace-free second order differential equation with a Laurent polynomial coefficient. This family of equations, for fixed orders at 0 and $$\infty$$
∞
of the Laurent polynomial, is seen as an affine algebraic variety. We prove that the set of Picard-Vessiot integrable differential equations in the family is an enumerable union of algebraic subvarieties. We compute explicitly the algebraic equations of its components. We give some applications to well known subfamilies, such as the doubly confluent and biconfluent Heun equations, and to the theory of algebraically solvable potentials of Shrödinger equations. Also, as an auxiliary tool, we improve a previously known criterium for a second order linear differential equations to admit a polynomial solution.
Governing corporations with ‘strangers’: Earning membership through investor stewardship
Authors: Nordberg Donald 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDespite decades of theorising and empirical research, the problems of corporate governance seem intractable, particularly the relationships between investors and companies. The thought experiment in this paper asks us to look at the problem through a fresh lens. It draws on the quaint British legal custom of calling shareholders “members”, and then uses the political philosopher Michael Walzer’s idea of membership in states, clubs, neighbourhoods, and families to draw lessons for the corporate world. This paper suggests that seeing how Walzer conceives “strangers” in a polity, with fewer rights but a path to membership, lets us rethink shareholder rights as something to be earned, through engagement and commitment, that is, through stewardship. Rethinking what membership of a company might mean points to a pragmatic escape from short-termism without institutional reform.
Numerical and experimental investigation of a 3D-printed PCU patient-specific cranial implant
Authors: Pisaneschi Gregorio , Mele Mattia , Zucchelli Andrea , Fiorini Maurizio , Campana Giampaolo , Marcelli Emanuela , Tarsitano Achille , Lucchi Elisabetta , Cercenelli Laura 
Published: May 2023

AbstractArburg plastic freeforming (APF) technology allows for fabricating patient-specific implants (PSIs) in a hospital environment using medical-grade thermoplastic polymers. Among these materials, poly(carbonate-urethane) (PCU) is of great relevance since it is characterised by excellent biocompatibility. This study explores the opportunity to realise a patient-specific cranial plate via APF. First, a Finite Element model (FEM) of the implant under compressive loads is developed and validated using a quasi-isotropic material. Then, this model is used for Finite Element Analysis (FEA) considering Technical Datasheet (TDS) material properties and those measured on 3D-printed specimens, by Three-Point Bending (TPB) tests. Finally, a PCU PSI is fabricated through APF and tested under static loads to validate the consistency of the numerical results. Considering TDS properties, the FEA results indicate that PCU can be used for the manufacturing of this device. Nonetheless, the TPB tests show that the material suffers from a loss of mechanical properties. Using these properties, the displacements calculated via FEA exceed the admissible values for the application. A further decrease in stiffness is observed in the manufactured plate. Overall, findings suggest that PCU can be a viable material to be printed by APF technology for fabricating craniofacial PSIs, with the advantage of minor stress concentration in critical points of the implant if compared with polyetheretheretherketone (PEEK). However, further studies are necessary to effectively represent the effects of 3D printing in the FEMs used for structural validation and design optimisation.
Fungal Bioremediation of the Plasticizer Hazardous Compound di-2-Ethylhexyl Phthalate (DEHP) in Urine and Blood Bags
Authors: Ali Eman Abdullah M. , Abdel-Rahman Tahany M. A. , Ali Dalia M. I. , Gamal Al-Shaimaa Hossam 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe hazardous compound di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) is widely used as polyvinyl chloride plasticizer. The present research studied the fungal biodegradation of DEHP contained in blood and urine bags. Soil-plate method was used for fungal isolation from heavily plastic polluted soil using Martin’s and Sabouraud’s agar media, where DEHP was the sole carbon source. Isolated fungal species were identified morphologically according to Moubasher (Soil Fungi in Qatar and Arab Countries University of Qatar, Qatar The Center for Scientific and Research, 1993) as Aspergillus nidulans, Aspergillus niger and Rhizopus nigricans. DEHP concentrations were determined in 1 g of soil, urine bags and blood bags to be 0.92, 2.5 and 2.6 g/l, respectively. Samples of both bags (as a sole carbon source) were artificially inoculated with the isolated fungi and incubated for 20 days. As the time increased, the growth increased where Rhizopus nigricans obtained the highest dry weight in urine bags after 20 days of incubation, while A. nidulans had the highest dry weight in blood bags. Also, a sharp declining of initial pH (6.8) reached 4.7 in urine bags with A. niger growth, while reached 2.5 after A. nidulans growth in blood bags. DEHP% decreased as time increased indicating a continuous DEHP utilization by the three fungal species. Aspergillus niger was the most DEHP degrading fungal species in both bags. Scanning electron microscope examination showed an uniform plastic network in both bags before fungal treatment. While, a microporous network was observed on the plastic surfaces in both bags after fungal treatment due to DEHP utilization. The most DEHP metabolizing fungal species were further identified molecularly using internal transcribed spacer primers to be Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus nidulans with accession numbers MZ832174 and MT919276, respectively.
Semantic Real-Time Mapping with UAVs
Authors: Fanta-Jende Phillipp , Steininger Daniel , Kern Alexander , Widhalm Verena , Apud Baca Javier G. , Hofstätter Markus , Simon Julia , Bruckmüller Felix , Sulzbachner Christoph 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWhilst mapping with UAVs has become an established tool for geodata acquisition in many domains, certain time-critical applications, such as crisis and disaster response, demand fast geodata processing pipelines rather than photogrammetric post-processing approaches. Based on our 3D-capable real-time mapping pipeline, this contribution presents not only an array of optimisations of the original implementation but also an extension towards understanding the image content with respect to land cover and object detection using machine learning. This paper (1) describes the pipeline in its entirety, (2) compares the performance of the semantic labelling and object detection models quantitatively and (3) showcases real-world experiments with qualitative evaluations.
GRANDPA: GeneRAtive network sampling using degree and property augmentation applied to the analysis of partially confidential healthcare networks
Authors: Bobak Carly A. , Zhao Yifan , Levy Joshua J. , O’Malley A. James 
Published: May 2023

AbstractProtecting medical privacy can create obstacles in the analysis and distribution of healthcare graphs and statistical inferences accompanying them. We pose a graph simulation model which generates networks using degree and property augmentation and provide a flexible R package that allows users to create graphs that preserve vertex attribute relationships and approximating the retention of topological properties observed in the original graph (e.g., community structure). We illustrate our proposed algorithm using a case study based on Zachary’s karate network and a patient-sharing graph generated from Medicare claims data in 2019. In both cases, we find that community structure is preserved, and normalized root mean square error between cumulative distributions of the degrees across the generated and the original graphs is low (0.0508 and 0.0514 respectively).