bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effects of COVID-19 Restrictions on Portuguese Small-Scale Fisheries: A Regional Analysis
Authors: Zejnilovic Leid , Lavado Susana , Grilo Catarina , Sa Rita , Faias Sergio 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
There is growing evidence of the differential effects the COVID-19 pandemic had on small-scale fisheries across the world, with predominantly decreased landings during the time of restrictions and substantial negative socio-economic impact. We contribute to this evidence with an analysis of a comprehensive dataset of 5 million first sales of seafood transactions by 3,715 small-scale fishers catching 351 species in Portugal from 2017 to the end of 2020. The analysis shows that the patterns observed in other counties, overall, apply to Portugal, with a decline in reported catch and number of fishers during the lockdown. However, there were notable regional differences. Most interestingly, two regions with historically very high tourism activity recorded a statistically significant increase in reported average daily catch volume per fishing operator during the lockdown, often for high-value species. We discuss these regional differences and potential explanations, as well as their policy implications.
Ultra-processed foods consumption is positively associated with the clinical activity of inflammatory bowel diseases
Authors: Sarbagili-Shabat Chen , Sagi Shira Zelber , Isakov Naomi Fliss , Hirsch Ayal , Ron Yulia , Grinsphan Laura , Anbar Ronit , Bromberg Ahuva , Thurm Tamar , Maharshak Nitsan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Western diet pattern and its food components have been suggested to impact inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) clinical course. However, the importance of food processing level is uncertain. We aimed to evaluate whether the intake of foods with varying processing levels is associated with disease activity in IBD patients.
Methods
This cross-sectional study was performed at a tertiary center between August 2019 to June 2022. Consecutive adult IBD patients were recruited. Clinical disease activity was defined using HBI (Crohn's disease) and SCCAI (ulcerative colitis). Dietary intake was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and a dedicated validated processed food questionnaire (PFQ) that categorizes dietary intake into three groups of processed food levels: unprocessed/minimally processed, processed, and ultra-processed. Adjusted odds ratios for active disease were determined using a multivariable logistic regression.
Results
A total of 242 IBD patients (62.8% Crohn’s disease patients) were enrolled, of whom 73.1% were in clinical remission. A higher (upper tertile vs. lowest tertile) unprocessed/minimally processed foods consumption was negatively associated with active disease (OR = 0.31, 95%CI 0.12–0.80), while high consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) was positively associated with clinically active disease (OR = 4.43, 95%CI 1.77–11.05). Consumption of UPF groups, almost invariably, were positively associated with clinically active disease, while consumption of the ultra-processed meats group, had the strongest association (OR = 5.59, 95%CI 2.63–11.86).
Conclusion
Higher consumption of UPFs is positively associated with clinically active IBD, while higher consumption of unprocessed/minimally processed foods may be protective. Prospective studies are needed to confirm these associations.
Perspectives of physicians treating lung cancer patients on the clinical use of outcomes: A qualitative study
Authors: Abejas Abel García , Gomes João Marques , Makówka Martyna , Canelas Daniel , Andrade Maria Eduarda , Sobral Maria Ana , Costa Fábio Leite , Vergès Àngels Salvador 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Using patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) in scales can help personalise patient care pathways, including the frequency and type of clinical review (face-to-face visits, phone calls, or video calls). We aimed to elucidate the perception of the outcomes of physicians who treat lung cancer patients and the impact they have on their quality of life through questionnaires, and to establish relationships (related to the patient, the social and family environment, and the diagnosis and treatment), in addition to relating them to multidimensional aspects of the patient’s experience. Additionally, we also identified barriers and facilitators to using the outcome measures.
Methods
We conducted 16 semi-structured interviews via videoconferencing. The interviews focused on collecting expert opinions on physicians’ perceptions of their patient’s outcomes and the most relevant risk variables. A qualitative thematic analysis was performed.
Results
Three primary groups were identified in the interview analysis: patient-related, social and family environment, and diagnosis and treatment. No direct relationship was discovered between the perception of outcomes by physicians and experiences of patients and caregivers.
Conclusions
PROMs need to be implemented in the daily routine of clinical care because physicians generally focus on clinical outcomes rather than patient-centred outcomes, their experiences, and needs. The digitisation of PROMs can facilitate their use. We conclude that barriers and facilitators are a form of methodological division because, in reality, what we perceive as barriers can also be facilitators, depending on several factors, such as health literacy, digital literacy, and socioeconomic level. The use of PROMs is relevant, provided there is feedback, and the outcomes are subsequently managed with the patient. Digitalising PROMs (ePROMs) and videoconferencing or telemedicine could improve these situations. However, this type of digital instrument cannot address some dimensions that measure the need for a different approach, such as spiritual care for end-of-life patients. Thus, physicians can focus their attention on each patient.
Only Eye Study 5 (OnES 5): A Quantitative Study of Patient Experiences of Undergoing Surgery
Authors: Lee Graham , Ngo Eagle , Girgis Shenouda , Jones Lee , Shah Peter 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background/Objectives:
“Only Eye Surgery” can be a stressful experience for both surgeons and patients. Our study aimed to quantitatively explore the patient experience of having eye surgery on their remaining seeing eye.
Subjects/Methods:
A retrospective cohort study comparing monocular and binocular patients recruited from clinics in Brisbane, Australia. 107 patients (43 monocular, 64 binocular) completed a 12-item questionnaire regarding their experience.
Results
Multiple linear regression analysis identified that preoperative anxiety is greater in only eye surgery, (β=-13.99, 95%CI=-25.73 to -2.26, p < 0.05) and there were more worries about losing vision from surgery (β=-18.40, 95%CI=-32.31to -4.49, p < 0.05). The perceived level of support after surgery in binocular patients is influenced by their level of support from family or friends to discuss prior to surgery (r = 0.72), whereas in monocular patients, such level of support is influenced by patients’ level of trust in the surgeon (r = 0.50) and anaesthetist (r = 0.73).
Conclusions
Clinicians can provide support by acknowledging their patients’ anxieties related to loss of vision and its potential impact on lifestyle. By addressing these issues and providing the opportunity to discuss other aspects of the surgery preoperatively, further trust in the surgeon can be achieved. Postoperatively, the patient will feel more supported and enhance the recovery journey. In the advent of adverse outcome, the surgeon who has gained that higher level of trust, the patient will be more likely to feel reassured that everything was performed to the highest possible standard and more likely to accept the resulting level of vision.
The early fossil record of Caturoidea (Halecomorphi: Amiiformes): biogeographic implications
Authors: López-Arbarello Adriana , Concheyro Andrea , Palma Ricardo M , Aguirre-Urreta Beatriz 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Caturoidea is a clade of Mesozoic predatory ray-finned fishes which lived mainly in the Jurassic. The clade has a few records in the earliest Cretaceous and only two in the Triassic. Among the latter, specimen MPCA 632 Caturus sp. doubtfully from continental Early Triassic of Argentina, i.e. outside Europe, was particularly problematic in the light of the known fossil record of the group, which suggested their origin in the Western Tethys. The micropaleontological and geochemical analysis of bulk-rock samples of MPCA 632 allowed us to correct the provenance of the specimen which corresponds to Tithonian marine outcrops of the Vaca Muerta Formation, Neuquén, Argentina. Specimen MPCA 632 is excluded from Caturus and reclassified as Caturoidea sp. MPCA 632 might be a specimen of Catutoichthys olsacheri, the only caturoid known from the Vaca Muerta Formation (Los Catutos Member), but the fossils are not comparable and, thus, this hypothesis needs further study. Additionally, the first-hand study of the type material of the only other alleged Triassic caturoid, “Caturus” insignis, in the Norian of Seefeld, Austria, led to the exclusion of this taxon from the Caturoidea. Consequently, the clade Caturoidea is restricted to the Jurassic–Lowest Cretaceous. After a modest evolution during the Early Jurassic, the group had its initial radiation and westward dispersion across the Hispanic Corridor during the Middle Jurassic and reached its maximal diversity during the Kimmeridgian and Tithonian.
Using Normalisation Process Theory to understand the likely success of implementing a short educational film within routine antenatal care to reduce the risk of cytomegalovirus infection in pregnancy: An exploratory qualitative study
Authors: Vandrevala Tushna , Montague Amy , Boulton Richard , Coxon Kirstie , Jones Christine. E 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background: Congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a leading cause of sensorineural hearing loss and neuro-disability in childhood. In the absence of a licensed vaccine, adoption of hygiene-based measures may reduce the risk of CMV infection in pregnancy, however these measures are not routinely discussed with pregnant women as part of National Health Service (NHS) antenatal care in the United Kingdom (UK).
Methods: An exploratory qualitative study was conducted, underpinned by Normalization Process Theory (NPT), to investigate how an educational intervention comprising of a short film about CMV may best be implemented, sustained, and enhanced in real-world routine antenatal care settings. Video, semi-structured interviews were conducted with participants who were recruited using a purposive sample that comprised of midwives providing antenatal care from three NHS hospitals (n=15) and participants from professional colleges and from organisations or charities providing, or with an interest in, antenatal education or health information in the UK (n=15).
Findings: Midwives were reluctant to include CMV as part of early pregnancy discussions about reducing the risk of other infections due to lack of time, knowledge and absence of guidance or policies relating to CMV in antenatal education. However, the educational intervention was perceived to be a useful tool to encourage conversations and empower women to manage risk by all stakeholders, which would overcome some identified barriers. Macro-level challenges such as screening policies and lack of official guidelines to legitimise dissemination were identified.
Discussion: Successful implementation of education about CMV as part of routine NHS care in the UK will require an increase in awareness and knowledge about CMV amongst midwives. NPT revealed that ‘coherence’ and ‘cognitive participation’ between service members are vital to imbed CMV education in routine practice. ‘Collective action’ in and ‘reflexive monitoring’ is required to sustain service changes.
Novel chemical structure discovery named glucosodiene Polymer as an isomer of alkaline glucose compound resulting from the reaction between dextrose and sodium bicarbonate.
Authors: Akl Maher Monir. , Ahmed Amr 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This research manuscript describes the preparation of a new compound, glucosodiene isomer of alkaline glucose as a Polymer, through the reaction between dextrose and sodium bicarbonate. The resulting Polymer compound, 1-2-O-β-D-Glucopyranosyl-α-D-glucose, was characterized using NMR and LC-MS analysis. This manuscript also presents evidence supporting the formation of this Polymer compound, and its similarity to glucose.
Sex differences in the prevalence and associated factors of cognitive frailty among community dwelling older persons of lower socioeconomic status
Authors: Murukesu Resshaya Roobini , Shahar Suzana , Subramaniam Ponnusamy , Rasdi Hanif Farhan Mohd , Singh Devinder Kaur Ajit 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background: Older persons from lower socioeconomic background are more vulnerable to poor health outcomes including susceptibility to higher severity of frailty and cognitive impairment in later life. Hence, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of CF and its associated factors among community dwelling older persons of lower socioeconomic status and stratified by sex.
Methods: 255 community dwelling older persons aged 60 years and above (68.58±5.67 years) of lower socioeconomic status participated in this study. CF was operationalized using the Fried’s Frailty Phenotype and Clinical Dementia Rating Scale. Data collected included socio-demographic information, health status, cognitive function, physical and functional status, nutritional status, psychosocial status, and health related quality of life (HRQoL). Prevalence of CF was analyzed descriptively, and associated factors of CF was assessed using hierarchical binary logistic regression (BLR) among total participants and by sex.
Results: Prevalence of CF in this study was 38.4% in total; 41.1% for females and 30.2% for males. The associated factors of cognitive frailty were poorer immediate recall verbal memory (0.816; 95% CI: 0.714, 0.932; p=0.003), poorer attention and working memory (0.722, 95% CI: 0.615, 0.849; p<0.001), poorer functional ability (0.673, 95% CI: 0.477, 0.950; p=0.024) and poorer HRQoL domain of usual activities (1.165; 95% CI: 0.609, 2.227; p=0.025). When stratified by sex, significant factors of CF for males were poorer immediate recall verbal memory (0.719, 95% CI: 0.555, 0.931; p=0.012) and poorer attention, and working memory (1.274, 95% CI: 0.536, 0.980; p=0.036), and for females were lower years of education (0.869, 95% CI: 0.792, 1.011; p=0.017), poorer attention and working memory (0.699, 95% CI: 0.580, 0.844; p<0.001) and HRQoL domain of ‘mental function’ (1.091, 95% CI: 0.916, 1.299; p=0.007).
Conclusion: CF is prevalent among older persons of lower socioeconomic status. Poor verbal memory, attention and working memory, poorer performance of functional and usual activities was identified as associated factors of CF. Although there are some differences in associated factors of CF based on sex, interventions addressing physical and cognitive domains may have the potential for reversal or prevention of CF within the socioeconomically disadvantaged population.
Microplastic Contamination of Packaged Spirulina Products
Authors: Tutaroğlu Serkan , Uslu Leyla , Gündoğdu Sedat 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Microplastic (MP) contamination in commercially sold Spirulina products has not been previously investigated. In this study, 29 Spirulinasamples in various packaging types were purchased from different brands and origins to assess the presence of MPs. Microplastic analysis was conducted using microscopic and μ-Raman techniques. A total of 251 MP-like particles were observed, with 48 particles subjected to μ-Raman analysis. Out of the 29 examined packaged Spirulina brands, 26 showed potential MPs upon visual inspection, with 35 particles confirmed as MPs (73% of the analyzed particles). The mean abundance of MPs was estimated at 13.77 ± 2.45 MPs/100 g. Powdered Spirulinahad a higher MP abundance (17.34 ± 4.22 MPs/100 g) compared to capsule/tablet forms (10.43 ± 2.45 MPs/100 g). Fragments accounted for 38.3% while fibers constituted 61.7% of the identified MPs, with sizes ranging from 0.07 to 2.15 mm for fragments and 0.19 to 5.691 mm for fibers. The color distribution of MPs in Spirulina samples was predominantly blue (52.8%), followed by black (25.4%), white (10.9%), and others (10.9%). Ten synthetic polymers and cellulose were identified through micro Raman analysis, with polypropylene (31.6%) and polystyrene (8.3%) being the most prevalent. The abundance and composition of MPs were found to be influenced by packaging and processing stages. Identifying potential sources of MPs in Spirulina products and evaluating their risks to human health is crucial.
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the self-care and health condition of the elderly. CUIDAMOS+75. A mixed methods study protocol.
Authors: RICO-BLÁZQUEZ Milagros , ESTEBAN-SEPÚLVEDA Silvia , SÁNCHEZ-RUANO Raquel , ARITZTEGUI-ECHENIQUE Ana María , ARTIGUES-BARBERA Eva María , BRITO-BRITO Pedro Ruymán , CASADO-RAMIREZ  , CIDONCHA-MORENO María Ángeles , FABREGAT-JULVE María Inmaculada , FERIA-RAPOSO Isabel , HERNANDEZ-PASCUAL Montserrat , LOZANO-HERNÁNDEZ Cristina , MORENO-CASBAS María Teresa , OTONES-REYES Pedro , PALMAR-SANTOS Ana María , PEDRAZ-MARCOS Azucena , ROMERO-RODRIGUEZ Esperanza Maria , SOLÉ-AGUSTÍ Maria Cristina , TALTAVULL-APARICIO Joana María , VIDAL-THOMAS María Clara , GONZALEZ-CHORDA Víctor Manuel ,   CUIDAMOS+75 Group CUIDAMOS+75 Group
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Aims: To assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the health condition of people ≥75 years of age and on their family caregivers in Spain.
Design: Multicentric, mixed method concurrent study.
Methods: This work, which will be conducted within the primary care setting in 11 administrative regions of Spain, will include three coordinated studies with different methodologies. The first is a population-based cohort study that will use real-life data to analyze the rates and evolution of health needs, care provision, and services utilization before, during, and after the pandemic. The second is a prospective cohort study with eighteen months of follow-up that will evaluate the impact of COVID-19 disease on mortality, frailty, functional and cognitive capacity, and quality of life of the participants. Finally, the third will be a qualitative study with a critical social approach to understand and interpret the social, political, and economic dimensions associated with the use of health services during the pandemic. We have followed the SPIRIT Checklist to address trial protocol and related documents. This research is being funded by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III since 2021 and was approved by its ethics committee (June 2022).
Discussion: The study findings will reveal the long-term impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the elderly and their caregivers. This information will serve policymakers to adapt health policies to the needs of this population in situations of maximum stress, such as that produced by the COVID-19 pandemic.
Trial registration: Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT05249868. [https://ClinicalTrials.gov]. Final version (22 February, 2021).
Metamaterial-Based Passive Analog Processor for Wireless Vibration Sensing
Authors: Ma Chu , Zhang Dajun , Polamarasetty Akhil , Shahid Muhammad , Krishnaswamy Bhuvana 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Real-time, low-cost, and wireless mechanical vibration monitoring is necessary for industrial applications to track the operation status of equipment, environmental applications to proactively predict natural disasters, as well as day-to-day applications such as vital sign monitoring. Despite this urgent need, existing solutions, such as laser vibrometers, commercial Wi-Fi devices, and cameras, lack wide practical deployment due to their limited sensitivity and functionality. In this work, we propose and verify that a fully passive, metamaterial-based vibration processing device attached to the vibrating surface can improve the sensitivity of wireless vibration measurement methods by more than 10 times at designated frequencies. Additionally, the device realizes an analog real-time vibration filtering/labeling effect, and the device also provides a platform for surface editing, which adds more functionalities to the current non-contact sensing systems. Finally, the working frequency of the device is widely adjustable over orders of magnitudes, broadening its applicability to different applications.
Environmental Sustainability: The Attitudes and Experiences of UK Students in the Oral Health Profession
Authors: Durnall Olivia , Durnall Olivia , Mulligan Steven , Dixon Jonathan , Martin Nicolas 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective: This study aims to provide further clarity and detail into the students’ attitudes and review towards Environmental Sustainability in Dentistry (ESD) in the provision of oral healthcare. Also, the manner and extent in which ESD is included in the current undergraduate Oral Healthcare Professional curricula. This study focuses on the perspective of undergraduate dental students [Bachelor of Dental Surgery (BDS)] and dental hygiene and therapy students [Dental Hygiene and Dental Therapy (DH&DT)] from UK dental schools, as a national representative case study.
Methods: A multi-centre study, cross sectional online survey of undergraduate BDS and DH&DT students in UK based dental schools. Data analysis was conducted through descriptive statistics and thematic analysis.
Results: 263 students from thirteen UK schools completed the survey, resulting in a national school response rate of 68.4%, showing a strong representation of this student population across the UK. Key findings are: 97.3% of students believe that the dental profession should be more actively engaged in environmental sustainability, however students currently having very little exposure to ESD at an undergraduate level. 76.8% of students expressed that they are concerned about the impact that oral healthcare provision has on the environment, but only 23% of students have independently researched ESD. 46.4% believe that ‘The provision of oral healthcare is my priority as a clinician and this has unavoidable environmental consequences that we need accept’. Students were clearly concerned about the impact of the addition of ESD into the curricula would have on their studies and progression. There is very little student-reported inclusion of ESD in the school curricula. Notwithstanding, students identified the importance of ESD in the profession and the need for this to be included in their curricula, but were very apprehensive of the effect that this may have on their already congested course.
Conclusions: Students identify that our oral healthcare professions should become more engaged in efforts to mitigate the negative impacts from our activities on the environment. The main way this can be achieved is through education at all levels. The strong insight into student’s level of awareness and concerns for the impact of oral healthcare provision on the environment is a powerful driver for the inclusion of ESD into the undergraduate curriculum in UK based dental schools. There is clearly identified need for schools to include ESD in the curriculum in a seamless and fully integrated manner so that it does not create a further burden to learning and teaching.