bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quantitative detection of formaldehyde using solid phase microextraction gas chromatography–mass spectrometry coupled to cysteamine scavenging
Authors: Chothia Sara Y. , Carr Matthew , Monks Paul S. , Cordell Rebecca L. , Hopkinson Richard J. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractFormaldehyde (HCHO) is a toxic and carcinogenic pollutant and human metabolite that reacts with biomolecules under physiological conditions. Quantifying HCHO is essential for ongoing biological and biomedical research on HCHO; however, its reactivity, small size and volatility make this challenging. Here, we report a novel HCHO detection/quantification method that couples cysteamine-mediated HCHO scavenging with SPME GC–MS analysis. Our NMR studies confirm cysteamine as an efficient and selective HCHO scavenger that out-competes O-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzyl)hydroxylamine, the most commonly used scavenger, and forms a stable thiazolidine amenable to GC–MS quantification. Validation of our GC–MS method using FDA and EMA guidelines revealed detection and quantification limits in the nanomolar and micromolar ranges respectively, while analysis of bacterial cell lysate confirmed its applicability in biological samples. Overall, our studies confirm that cysteamine scavenging coupled to SPME GC–MS analysis provides a sensitive and chemically robust method to quantify HCHO in biological samples.
Genomic and transcriptomic analysis of camptothecin producing novel fungal endophyte: Alternaria burnsii NCIM 1409
Authors: Natarajan Shakunthala , Pucker Boas , Srivastava Smita 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCamptothecin is an important anticancer alkaloid produced by particular plant species. No suitable synthetic route has been established for camptothecin production yet, imposing a stress on plant-based production systems. Endophytes associated with these camptothecin-producing plants have been reported to also produce camptothecin and other high-value phytochemicals. A previous study identified a fungal endophyte Alternaria burnsii NCIM 1409, isolated from Nothapodytes nimmoniana, to be a sustainable producer of camptothecin. Our study provides key insights on camptothecin biosynthesis in this recently discovered endophyte. The whole genome sequence of A. burnsii NCIM 1409 was assembled and screened for biosynthetic gene clusters. Comparative studies with related fungi supported the identification of candidate genes involved in camptothecin synthesis and also helped to understand some aspects of the endophyte’s defense against the toxic effects of camptothecin. No evidence for horizontal gene transfer of the camptothecin biosynthetic genes from the host plant to the endophyte was detected suggesting an independent evolution of the camptothecin biosynthesis in this fungus.
Duality of the SVIL expression in bladder cancer and its correlation with immune infiltration
Authors: Nie Zhenyu , Guo Na , Peng Yanling , Gao Yuanhui , Cao Hui , Zhang Shufang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSVIL is a member of the villin/gelsolin superfamily and is responsible for encoding supervillin. It has been reported to be closely related to the occurrence and development of various tumors. However, the mechanism of SVIL in bladder cancer has not been reported yet. In this research, we evaluated the relationship between SVIL expression and bladder cancer in public dataset and examined the expression of SVIL in bladder cancer cell lines, tissue microarrays and patients in our cohort. Our work determined that the expression of SVIL in bladder cancer tissue was significantly lower than that in normal tissue. However, in bladder cancer tissues, the high expression of SVIL is significantly associated with poor prognosis. This kind of duality is very novel and has great research value. The expression level of SVIL can well predict the survival time of bladder cancer patients, and is an independent risk factor of bladder cancer patients. The expression of SVIL is also closely related to the immune tumor microenvironment of bladder cancer. Our research provides a basis for personalized therapeutic targets for bladder cancer.
A multi-targeted computational drug discovery approach for repurposing tetracyclines against monkeypox virus
Authors: Alandijany Thamir A. , El-Daly Mai M. , Tolah Ahmed M. , Bajrai Leena H. , Khateb Aiah M. , Kumar Geethu S. , Dubey Amit , Dwivedi Vivek Dhar , Azhar Esam I. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMonkeypox viral infection is an emerging threat and a major concern for the human population. The lack of drug molecules to treat this disease may worsen the problem. Identifying potential drug targets can significantly improve the process of developing potent drug molecules for treating monkeypox. The proteins responsible for viral replication are attractive drug targets. Identifying potential inhibitors from known drug molecules that target these proteins can be key to finding a cure for monkeypox. In this work, two viral proteins, DNA-dependent RNA polymerase (DdRp) and viral core cysteine proteinase, were considered as potential drug targets. Sixteen antibiotic drugs from the tetracycline class were screened against both viral proteins through high-throughput virtual screening. These tetracycline class of antibiotic drugs have the ability to inhibit bacterial protein synthesis, which makes these antibiotics drugs a prominent candidate for drug repurposing. Based on the screening result obtained against DdRp, top two compounds, namely Tigecycline and Eravacycline with docking scores of − 8.88 and − 7.87 kcal/mol, respectively, were selected for further analysis. Omadacycline and minocycline, with docking scores of − 10.60 and − 7.51 kcal/mol, are the top two compounds obtained after screening proteinase with the drug library. These compounds, along with reference compounds GTP for DdRp and tecovirimat for proteinase, were used to form protein–ligand complexes, followed by their evaluation through a 300 ns molecular dynamic simulation. The MM/GBSA binding free energy calculation and principal components analysis of these selected complexes were also conducted for understanding the dynamic stability and binding affinity of these compounds with respective target proteins. Overall, this study demonstrates the repurposing of tetracycline-derived drugs as a therapeutic solution for monkeypox viral infection.
Aspirin for primary prevention in patients with high cardiovascular risk: insights from CORE-Thailand registry
Authors: Wongcharoen Wanwarang , Osataphan Nichanan , Prasertwitayakij Narawudt , Suwannasom Pannipa , Suraamornkul Swangjit , Wongtheptian Wattana , Gunaparn Siriluck , Sirikul Wachiranun , Phrommintikul Arintaya 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAspirin may be considered for primary prevention in non-elderly patients with high cardiovascular risk. However, contemporary management aimed at aggressive cardiovascular risk factor control may alter benefit-risk ratio of aspirin. Therefore, we aimed to examine the effect of aspirin for primary prevention on the long-term MACEs in a large cohort registry. Cohort Of patients with high Risk for cardiovascular Events (CORE-Thailand) registry is a prospective, multicenter, observational, longitudinal study of Thai patients with high atherosclerotic risk. Patients with established atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases were excluded. Among 4259 patients with multiple cardiovascular risk factors, 1945 (45.7%) patients used aspirin. After propensity score matching, there were 3228 patients remained in post-matching analysis. During the median follow-up period of 58.2 months, we demonstrated that aspirin use increased risk of long-term MACEs in pre-matching cohort (unadjusted HR 1.76, 95% CI 1.43–2.17, P < 0.001) and post-matching cohort (HR 1.66 (1.31–2.10), P < 0.001). In addition, patients taking aspirin had a higher risk of bleeding than non-aspirin users in pre-matching cohort (unadjusted HR 2.28, 95% CI 1.09–4.75, P = 0.028). We demonstrated that aspirin was associated with increased risk of long-term MACEs in patients with multiple cardiovascular risk factors. Due to the non-randomized design, our results should be interpreted with caution.
Whole genome sequencing resolves 10 years diagnostic odyssey in familiar myxoma
Authors: Pálla Sára , Tőke Judit , Bozsik Anikó , Butz Henriett , Papp János , Likó István , Kuroli Enikő , Bánvölgyi András , Hamar Mátyás , Bertherat Jerome , Medvecz Márta , Patócs Attila 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCarney complex (CNC) is an ultrarare disorder causing cutaneous and cardiac myxomas, primary pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease, hypophyseal adenoma, and gonadal tumours. Genetic alterations are often missed under routine genetic testing. Pathogenic variants in PRKAR1A are identified in most cases, while large exonic or chromosomal deletions have only been reported in a few cases. Our aim was to identify the causal genetic alteration in our kindred with a clinical diagnosis of CNC and prove its pathogenic role by functional investigation. Targeted testing of PRKAR1A gene, whole exome and whole genome sequencing (WGS) were performed in the proband, one clinically affected and one unaffected relative. WGS identified a novel, large, 10,662 bp (10.6 kbp; LRG_514t1:c.-10403_-7 + 265del; hg19, chr17:g.66498293_66508954del) deletion in the promoter of PRKAR1A in heterozygous form in the affected family members. The exact breakpoints and the increased enzyme activity in deletion carriers compared to wild type carrier were proved. Segregation analysis and functional evaluation of PKA activity confirmed the pathogenic role of this alteration. A novel deletion upstream of the PRKAR1A gene was proved to be the cause of CNC. Our study underlines the need for WGS in molecular genetic testing of patients with monogenic disorders where conventional genetic analysis fails.
A bulk form Cu-based ferromagnetic semiconductor (La,Ba)(Cu,Mn)SO with the Curie temperature up to 170 K
Authors: Dong Jinou , Ding Cui , Zhao Xueqin , Xie Lingfeng , Yang Qiaolin , Pan Xun , Zhi Guoxiang , Fu Licheng , Gu Yilun , Ning Fanlong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe report the ferromagnetism in a new bulk form Cu-based magnetic semiconductor (La,Ba)(Cu,Mn)SO, which is iso-structural to the prototypical iron-based 1111-type superconductor LaFeAsO. Starting from the parent compound LaCuSO, carriers are introduced via the substitutions of La for Ba while spins are introduced via the substitutions of Cu for Mn. Spins are mediated by carriers, which develops into the long range ferromagnetic ordering. The maximum Curie temperature $$T_{C}$$

T
C

reaches up to $$\sim$$
∼
170 K with the doping levels of 10% Ba and 5% Mn. By comparing to the (La,Sr)(Cu,Mn)SO where Sr and Mn are co-doped into LaCuSO, we demonstrate that negative chemical pressure would suppress the ferromagnetic ordering.
Validation of prediction algorithm for risk estimation of intracranial aneurysm development using real-world data
Authors: Kim Tackeun , Choi Jisu , Park Won-Ju , Cho Seunghyeon , Yoo Yeongjae , Kim Hyeonjun , Cho Juhee , Joo Jin-Deok , Oh Chang Wan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntracranial aneurysm (IA) is difficult to detect, and most patients remain undiagnosed, as screening tests have potential risks and high costs. Thus, it is important to develop risk assessment system for efficient and safe screening strategy. Through previously published research, we have developed a prediction model for the incidence risk of IA using cohort observational data. This study was designed to verify whether such a prediction model also demonstrates sufficient clinical performance in predicting the prevalence risk at the point of health screening, using cross-sectional data. The study population comprised individuals who visited the Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital Health Promotion Center in Korea for voluntary medical checkups between 2007 and 2019. All participants had no history of cerebrovascular disease and underwent brain CTA for screening purpose. Presence of IA was evaluated by two specialized radiologists. The risk score was calculated using the previously developed AI model, and 0 point represents the lowest risk and 100 point represents the highest risk. To compare the prevalence according to the risk, age-sex standardization using national database was performed. A study collected data from 5942 health examinations, including brain CTA data, with participants ranging from 20 to 87 years old and a mean age of 52 years. The age-sex standardized prevalence of IA was 3.20%. The prevalence in each risk group was 0.18% (lowest risk, 0–19), 2.12% (lower risk, 20–39), 2.37% (mid-risk, 40–59), 4.00% (higher risk, 60–79), and 6.44% (highest risk, 80–100). The odds ratio between the lowest and highest risk groups was 38.50. The adjusted proportions of IA patients in the higher and highest risk groups were 26.7% and 44.5%, respectively. The median risk scores among IA patients and normal participants were 74 and 54, respectively. The optimal cut-off risk score was 60.5 with an area under the curve of 0.70. We have confirmed that the incidence risk prediction model built through machine learning also shows viable clinical performance in predicting prevalence risk. By utilizing this prediction system, we can effectively predict not only the incidence risk but also the prevalence risk, which is the probability of already having the disease, using health screening data. This may enable us to consider strategies for the early detection of intracranial aneurysms.
ATP induces folding of ALS-causing C71G-hPFN1 and nascent hSOD1
Authors: Kang Jian , Lim Liangzhong , Song Jianxing 
Published: September 2023

AbstractALS-causing C71G-hPFN1 coexists in both folded and unfolded states, while nascent hSOD1 is unfolded. So far, the mechanisms underlying their ALS-triggering potential remain enigmatic. Here we show by NMR that ATP completely converts C71G-hPFN1 into the folded state at a 1:2 ratio, while inducing nascent hSOD1 into two co-existing states at a 1:8 ratio. Surprisingly, the inducing capacity of ATP comes from its triphosphate, but free triphosphate triggers aggregation. The inducing capacity ranks as: ATP = ATPP = PPP > ADP = AMP−PNP = AMP−PCP = PP, while AMP, adenosine, P, and NaCl show no conversion. Mechanistically, ATP and triphosphate appear to enhance the intrinsic folding capacity encoded in the sequences, as unveiled by comparing conformations and dynamics of ATP- and Zn2+-induced hSOD1 folded states. Our study provides a mechanism for the finding that some single-cell organisms employ polyphosphates as primordial chaperones, and sheds light on the enigma of age-related onset of familial ALS and risk increase of neurodegenerative diseases.
Formation and characterization of polymetallic {CrxMy} rings in vacuo
Authors: Geue Niklas , Timco Grigore A. , Whitehead George F. S. , McInnes Eric J. L. , Burton Neil A. , Winpenny Richard E. P. , Barran Perdita E. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractUnderstanding the (dis)assembly mechanisms of large metallosupramolecules is critical in their design, stability and application. The inherent complexity of these structures leads to many potential pathways for combining (or separating) the constituent building blocks, which makes this task difficult. Here we use collision-induced dissociation mass spectrometry to study the disassembly of heterometallic complexes. Collisional activation leads to the formation of a series of previously unknown smaller ring products and we characterize their geometry using ion mobility. The disassembly of both {CrxCu2} hourglass structures (x = 10, 12) and of a {Cr12Gd4} cluster shows the formation of rare closed, heptametallic species {Cr6Cu}, {Cr5Cu2} and {Cr5Gd2} as dominant products, as well as other closed ions such as {Cr5Cu}, {Cr10Cu}, {Cr12Cu}, {Cr10}, {Cr12} and {Cr6Gd2}. The collision cross-section of cyclic products and precursors has a linear correlation with ion mass—a relationship that does not hold for acyclic systems. As these rings are non-trivial to synthesize individually in solution, we propose the presented workflow to identify and characterize feasible molecules for bulk phase synthesis.
Axis-space framework for cable-driven soft continuum robot control via reinforcement learning
Authors: Wei Dehao , Zhou Jiaqi , Zhu Yinheng , Ma Jiabin , Ma Shaohua 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCable-driven soft continuum robots are important tools in minimally invasive surgery (MIS) to reduce the lesions, pain and risk of infection. The feasibility of employing deep reinforcement learning (DRL) for controlling cable-driven continuum robots has been investigated; however, a considerable gap between simulations and the real world exists. Here we introduce a deep reinforcement learning-based method, the Axis-Space (AS) framework, which accelerates the computational speed and improves the accuracy of robotic control by reducing sample complexity (SC) and the number of training steps. In this framework, the SC was reduced through the design of state space and action space. We demonstrate that our framework could control a cable driven soft continuum robot with four tendons per section. Compared with the Double Deep Q-learning Network (DDQN) controller, the proposed controller increased the convergence speed by more than 11-fold, and reduced the positioning error by over 10-fold. This framework provides a robust method for soft robotics control.
Dysphonia Outperforms Voice Change as a Clinical Predictor of Dysphagia
Authors: Griffin Lindsay , Kamarunas Erin , Smith Julian Bergen , Kuo Christina , O'Donoghue Cynthia 
Published: September 2023

Purpose:Changes in voice quality after consuming food or drink have been used as a clinical indicator of dysphagia during the clinical swallowing evaluation (CSE); however, there is conflicting evidence of its efficacy. This study investigated if dysphonia and/or voice change after swallowing are valid predictors of penetration, aspiration, or pharyngeal residue. Our approach aimed to improve current methodologies by collecting voice samples in the fluoroscopy suite, implementing rater training to improve interrater reliability and utilizing continuous measurement scales, allowing for regression analyses.Method:In this prospective study, 30 adults (aged 49–97 years) referred for a videofluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS) were audio-recorded completing a sustained /i/ prior to VFSS and again after swallowing each bolus during the VFSS. Swallowing function was measured using the reorganized Penetration–Aspiration Scale and the Normalized Residue Ratio Scale. Following listener training, 84 voice samples were perceptually rated using the Consensus Auditory-Perceptual Evaluation of Voice (CAPE-V). Ordinal and logistic regression were used to determine whether voice quality and voice quality change after swallowing were predictors of airway invasion and pharyngeal clearance.Results:Results indicated that the presence of dysphonia at baseline during a sustained /i/ task as measured by the CAPE-V predicted airway invasion but not pharyngeal residue. Voice change after swallowing associated with vowel /i/ production as measured by the CAPE-V did not predict either dysphagia measure.Conclusion:These results indicate that voice change during a sustained /i/ after swallowing appears unrelated to airway invasion or pharyngeal residue; however, in the absence of known laryngeal pathology, dysphonia prior to a CSE should alert speech-language pathologists of a possible comorbid dysphagia.
Perspectives and Experiences of Eight Latina Mothers of Young Children With Augmentative and Alternative Communication Needs
Authors: De Leon Maria , Solomon-Rice Patti , Soto Gloria 
Published: September 2023

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to examine the perceptions of eight Latina mothers on early augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) services for their young children, including their decision-making process, and knowledge of AAC. The ultimate goal is to help professionals develop culturally responsive and family-centered education and training programs to facilitate AAC intervention for Latinx parents with young children who benefit from AAC.

Method:
The method involved in-person semistructured interviews conducted in Spanish at the mothers' homes or preferred locations, which were then video-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and translated to English. Transcripts were analyzed through a process consisting of coding, identifying themes, constructing thematic networks, summarizing thematic networks, and interpreting patterns.

Results:
Mothers' perceptions of early intervention services revealed a lack of knowledge about AAC, unquestioned acceptance of early intervention services, and gratitude for receiving these services. They also reported having received minimal training in AAC and expressed a desire to receive additional training. The decision-making process was matriarchal with professionals serving as the primary informants of services to be received.

Discussion:
This investigation adds to the existing literature by providing insight into Latinx parental perceptions of AAC, their decision-making process, and the types of training they prefer. The study highlights the importance of providing Latina mothers with meaningful opportunities to participate in the early intervention process related to the communication and language needs of their children. To establish trust, professionals should communicate clearly, accurately, and straightforwardly. Additionally, a family-centered approach rooted in the language and culture is crucial. Professionals can achieve this by providing culturally and linguistically accessible training, learning about the family's specific values and beliefs regarding AAC, and facilitating their learning so that AAC is achievable and practical.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.24059043
Structure of the accretion flow of IX Velorum as revealed by high-resolution spectroscopy
Authors: Kára J. , Schmidtobreick L. , Pala A. F. , Tappert C. 
Published: September 2023

Context. Several high mass-transfer cataclysmic variables show evidence of outflow from the system, which could play an important role in their evolution. We investigate the system IX Vel, which was proposed to show similar characteristics.
Aims. We study the structure of the IX Vel system, particularly the structure of its accretion flow and accretion disc.
Methods. We used high-resolution time-resolved spectroscopy to construct radial velocity curves of the components in IX Vel. We computed Doppler maps of the system, which we used to estimate the temperature distribution maps.
Results. We have improved the spectroscopic ephemeris of the system and its orbital period Porb = 0.19392793(3) d. We constructed Doppler maps of the system based on hydrogen and helium emission lines and the Bowen blend. The maps show features corresponding to the irradiated face of the secondary star, the outer rim of the accretion disc, and low-velocity components located outside the accretion disc and reaching towards L3. We constructed a temperature distribution map of the system using the Doppler maps of Balmer lines. Apart from the features found in the Doppler maps, the temperature distribution map shows a region of high temperature in the accretion disc connecting the expected position of a bright spot and the inner parts of the disc.
Conclusions. We interpret the low-velocity emission found in the Doppler map as emission originating in the accretion disc wind and in an outflow region located in the vicinity of the third Lagrangian point L3. This makes IX Vel a member of the RW Sex class of cataclysmic variables.