bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adapting an online guided self‐help intervention for the management of binge eating in adults with type 2 diabetes: The POSE‐D study
Authors: Coales Eleanor , Hill Andrew , Heywood‐Everett Suzanne , Rabbee Jinan , Mansfield Michael , Grace Clare , Beeton Ian , Traviss‐Turner Gemma 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimsPeople with type 2 diabetes (T2D) are more likely to experience binge eating than the general population, which may interfere with their diabetes management. Guided self‐help (GSH) is the recommended treatment for binge‐eating disorder, but there is currently a lack of evidenced treatment for binge eating in individuals living with T2D. The aims of the current study were to adapt an existing evidence‐based GSH intervention using the principles of co‐design to make it available online, suitable for remote delivery to address binge eating specifically in adults living with T2D. The Working to Overcome Eating Difficulties GSH intervention comprises online GSH materials presented in seven sections delivered over 12 weeks, supported by a trained Guide.MethodsIn order to adapt the intervention, we held four collaboration workshops with three expert patients recruited from diabetes support groups, eight healthcare professionals and an expert consensus group. We used thematic analysis to make sense of the data.Results and ConclusionsThe main themes included; keeping the GSH material generic, adapting Sam the central character, tailoring the dietary advice and eating diary. The length of Guidance sessions was increased to 60 min, and Guide training was focussed around working with people with diabetes.
Importance of mangrove plantations for climate change mitigation in Bangladesh
Authors: Uddin Mohammad Main , Abdul Aziz Ammar , Lovelock Catherine E. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMangroves have been identified as blue carbon ecosystems that are natural carbon sinks. In Bangladesh, the establishment of mangrove plantations for coastal protection has occurred since the 1960s, but the plantations may also be a sustainable pathway to enhance carbon sequestration, which can help Bangladesh meet its greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction targets, contributing to climate change mitigation. As a part of its Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) under the Paris Agreement 2016, Bangladesh is committed to limiting the GHG emissions through the expansion of mangrove plantations, but the level of carbon removal that could be achieved through the establishment of plantations has not yet been estimated. The mean ecosystem carbon stock of 5–42 years aged (average age: 25.5 years) mangrove plantations was 190.1 (±30.3) Mg C ha−1, with ecosystem carbon stocks varying regionally. The biomass carbon stock was 60.3 (±5.6) Mg C ha−1 and the soil carbon stock was 129.8 (±24.8) Mg C ha−1 in the top 1 m of which 43.9 Mg C ha−1 was added to the soil after plantation establishment. Plantations at age 5 to 42 years achieved 52% of the mean ecosystem carbon stock calculated for the reference site (Sundarbans natural mangroves). Since 1966, the 28,000 ha of established plantations to the east of the Sundarbans have accumulated approximately 76,607 Mg C year−1 sequestration in biomass and 37,542 Mg C year−1 sequestration in soils, totaling 114,149 Mg C year−1. Continuation of the current plantation success rate would sequester an additional 664,850 Mg C by 2030, which is 4.4% of Bangladesh's 2030 GHG reduction target from all sectors described in its NDC, however, plantations for climate change mitigation would be most effective 20 years after establishment. Higher levels of investment in mangrove plantations and higher plantation establishment success could contribute up to 2,098,093 Mg C to blue carbon sequestration and climate change mitigation in Bangladesh by 2030.
Efficacy and safety of a transdermal donepezil patch in patients with mild‐to‐moderate Alzheimer's disease: A 24‐week, randomized, multicenter, double‐blind, parallel group, non‐inferiority study
Authors: Nakamura Yu , Kim Rei , Nishiyama Kenichi , Kikuchi Takashi , Ishikawa Ichiro , Aoki Hiroshi 
Published: March 2023

AimTo assess non‐inferiority of a donepezil patch 27.5 mg compared with donepezil hydrochloride tablets 5 mg in patients with mild‐to‐moderate Alzheimer's disease; and to compare the efficacy and safety profiles of a donepezil patch 27.5 mg with donepezil hydrochloride tablets 5 mg.MethodsThis was a 24‐week, multicenter, randomized, double‐blind, double‐dummy, parallel group, non‐inferiority (phase III) study carried out in Japan. The primary end‐point was the change in the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale‐cognitive component‐Japanese version from baseline to week 24, with the aim of evaluating the non‐inferiority of the donepezil patch 27.5 mg compared with donepezil hydrochloride tablets 5 mg.ResultsOf 340 randomized patients, 303 completed the double‐blind period. Changes from baseline in the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale‐cognitive component‐Japanese version at week 24 (least squares mean ± standard error) were −0.7 ± 0.4 (donepezil patch 27.5 mg) and 0.2 ± 0.4 (donepezil hydrochloride tablet 5 mg). The difference in the least squares means (95% confidence interval) was −0.9 (−2.01 to 0.14). The upper bound of the 95% confidence interval for the difference between groups was less than the predefined non‐inferiority margin of 2.15. The donepezil patches 27.5 mg also had a safety profile that showed good tolerability comparable with donepezil hydrochloride tablets 5 mg.ConclusionsNon‐inferiority on suppression of cognitive decline was shown for the donepezil patch 27.5 mg when compared with donepezil hydrochloride tablets 5 mg in Japanese patients with mild‐to‐moderate Alzheimer's disease. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2023; 23: 275–281.
Critical appraisal of international guidelines for the management of Helicobacter pylori infection in case of dyspepsia
Authors: Collin Anaëlle , Mion François , Kefleyesus Amaniel , Beets Corinne , Jaafari Nemat , Boussageon Rémy 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundAffecting between 20% and 90% of the world's population depending on the geo‐socio‐economic conditions, Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection requires an adapted management because of the medico‐economic stakes it generates. Also responsible for dyspepsia, the management of Hp infection differs in this context between international guidelines.ObjectivesThe primary outcome of the study was assessing the quality of current guidelines for HP eradication in dyspepsia. The secondary was defining the best therapeutic strategy for patients consulting with dyspepsia in the outpatient setting.MethodsClinical practice guidelines (CPG) published between January 2000 and May 2021 were retrieved from various databases (PubMed; Guidelines International Network; websites of scientific societies that issued the guidelines). Their quality was assessed using the AGREE II evaluation grid. To provide decision support for healthcare practitioners, particularly in primary care, a summary of the main points of interest for management was made for each guideline.ResultsFourteen guidelines were included. Only four (28.6%) could be validated according to AGREE II? Most of the non‐validated guidelines had low ratings in the “Rigour of development” and “Applicability” domains with means of 40% [8%–71%] and 14% [0%–25%], respectively. Three out of four validated guidelines (75%) advocated a “test and treat” strategy for dyspepsia based on the national prevalence of Hp. Gastroscopy was the 1st line examination method in case of warning signs or high risk of gastric cancer. Triple therapy (Proton pomp inhibitor, amoxicillin, and clarithromycin) was favored for Hp eradication but required a study of the sensitivity to clarithromycin in the validated guidelines. Antibiotic resistance also had an impact on treatment duration.ConclusionsMany guidelines were of poor quality, providing few decision‐making tools for practical use. Conversely, those of good quality had established a management strategy addressing the current problems associated with the emergence of antibiotic‐resistant strains.
Economic growth and labor investment efficiency
Authors: Singh Amanjot 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe examine the relationship between economic growth and labor investment efficiency. Using a sample of US firms from 1991 to 2019, our findings suggest that labor investment inefficiency increases with the expansion of economic activities. Although economic growth increases labor overinvestment, it also decreases labor underinvestment. The magnitude effect of economic growth is more pronounced for labor overinvestment. Labor investment inefficiency is noticeable during low economic policy uncertainty. Economic growth‐induced labor investment inefficiency is pronounced for (1) large firms, (2) high labor intensity firms, and (3) firms with overinvestment in non‐labor investments. Further, economic growth negatively (positively) influences the firm's future performance for labor overinvested (underinvested) firms. Our findings remain robust to alternative specifications.
Manufacturing and deformation behavior of alumina and zirconia helical springs at room temperature
Authors: Rabe Torsten , Kalinka Gerhard , Mieller Björn 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCeramic helical springs with identical dimensions were produced by hard machining from alumina, alumina toughened zirconia (ATZ), and tetragonal zirconia polycrystals (TZP) stabilized with different oxides. According to the results of the spring constant determination under deformation rates of 3 mm/min, the deformation behavior of all ceramic springs obeys to Hook's law. However, variation of the deformation rate, tests under constant load, and spring recovery behavior revealed differences in the deformation behavior of alumina, TZP, and ATZ springs. Alumina springs exhibited time‐independent deformation in all tests. In contrast, anelastic deformation at room temperature was demonstrated in all springs containing TZP. This deformation is completely reversible over a period of several days. Anelastic behavior is particularly pronounced in Y‐TZP springs, whereas Ce‐TZP springs exhibit comparatively very low but still reliably detectable anelasticity. Oxygen vacancies in the TZP ceramic are considered the most likely explanation for the anelastic behavior of TZP springs at room temperature.
Mg2+, Sr2+, Ag+, and Cu2+ co‐doped β‐tricalcium phosphate: Improved thermal stability and mechanical and biological properties
Authors: Somers Nicolas , Jean Florian , Lasgorceix Marie , Urruth Giovanni , Balvay Sandra , Gaillard Claire , Gremillard Laurent , Leriche Anne 
Published: March 2023

Abstractβ‐tricalcium phosphate (β‐TCP, β‐Ca3(PO4)2) is an attractive biomaterial for bone repair applications. However, its sintering and mechanical properties are limited by a problematic phase transition to α‐TCP. Cationic doping of β‐TCP is able to postpone the formation of α‐TCP allowing higher sintering temperatures and better mechanical properties. The co‐doping of β‐TCP with Mg2+ and Sr2+ has already been studied in detail, but the addition of antibacterial cations (Ag+ and Cu2+) on the Mg–Sr β‐TCP co‐doped composition remains unexplored. Thus, two co‐doped β‐TCP compositions were realized by aqueous precipitation technique without any secondary phase and compared with undoped β‐TCP: Mg–Sr (2.0–2.0 mol%) and Mg–Sr–Ag–Cu (2.0–2.0–0.1–0.1 mol%). Differential thermal analysis and dilatometry analyses showed a slight decrease of the β‐TCP → α‐TCP phase transition temperature for the Mg–Sr–Ag–Cu (2.0–2.0–0.1–0.1% mol) composition as compared to the Mg–Sr (2.0–2.0 mol%). However, both exhibited much higher transition temperatures than undoped β‐TCP. The addition of Ag+ and Cu2+ slightly reduces the grain size after sintering compared to the Mg–Sr (2.0–2.0 mol%) and the undoped compositions. The co‐doped compositions also exhibited improved mechanical properties, specifically a higher Vickers hardness and elastic modulus. Finally, cell proliferation assays showed that the presence of dopants, even Ag+ and Cu2+, does not affect the survival and proliferation of cells. Thus, the use of Mg2+, Sr2+, Ag+, and Cu2+ co‐doped β‐TCP could be very promising for biomedical applications due to the improvements of these dopants on the thermal stability and mechanical and biological properties.
Challenges of single parents raising children with intellectual and developmental disabilities
Authors: Kim Hyun Seung , Lee Chung Eun , Kim Kyung Mee 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundSingle‐parent families with children with disabilities need greater attention given the notable increase in their number and their additional difficulties. Single parents in East Asian countries, especially, may face greater risks than their peers elsewhere, given the region's unique cultural background.MethodThe study used a mixed methods design; we administered a risk assessment survey to 354 families of children with intellectual and developmental disabilities and conducted in‐depth interviews with eight single parents.ResultsCompared to two‐parent families, single‐parent families faced greater risks with respect to family relationships, economic status and legal rights. In the interviews, single parents reported a range of challenges, including sole parental responsibilities, poor physical and mental health, social isolation and alienation, the stress of juggling care and work, and difficulty accessing services.ConclusionThese findings offer implications for future policy and practices concerning single parents in South Korea.
Gradients in the time seeds take to germinate could alter global patterns in predation strength
Authors: Martin Ella , Hargreaves Anna Lesley 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimSpecies interactions are predicted to become stronger toward low latitudes and elevations, and these predictions have been supported in large experiments measuring daily predation rates on early life‐stages. However, the overall strength and importance of predation depend on both the daily risk of being attacked and how long prey are exposed, and gradients in exposure time are rarely quantified. Here, we test whether time‐to‐germination, which determines seeds' exposure to post‐dispersal attack, is faster in high‐predation environments: low latitudes, low elevations, and warmer wetter climates.LocationGlobal data synthesis.TaxonAngiosperms.MethodsWe synthesized data on time‐to‐germination from 1410 plant species spanning 118° latitude. We divided data by study environment (lab, greenhouse, garden, nature), as we predicted different patterns depending on whether seeds experienced only intrinsic versus intrinsic + extrinsic germination cues. We tested how mean days‐to‐germination varied with geography (latitude, elevation) and climate (annual mean and seasonality of temperature and precipitation). We also explored whether patterns could be explained by seed size or phylogeny, which vary latitudinally.ResultsSeeds germinated faster toward higher latitudes across study environments but slower toward higher elevations when experiencing intrinsic + extrinsic germination cues (in nature). Germination was faster in drier, more seasonal and—when tested in nature—warmer environments. Seed size explained some latitudinal variation in time‐to‐germination, whereas accounting for phylogeny did not improve predictions. Germination was slower in natural versus lab environments.Main ConclusionsWe found little evidence that seeds have commonly evolved faster germination in high‐predation environments. While time‐to‐germination varied with geography and climate, patterns were inconsistent among predictors, and were weaker than those reported for daily seed predation rates. Detected gradients in time‐to‐germination would partially counter elevational gradients in daily seed predation rates but exacerbate latitudinal gradients in predation rates, such that tropical seeds likely experience much stronger lifetime predation risk than high‐latitude seeds.
Mitochondria–Melanocyte cellular interactions: An emerging mechanism of vitiligo pathogenesis
Authors: Kaushik Hitaishi , Kumar Vinod , Parsad Davinder 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMitochondria has emerged as a potential modulator of melanocyte function other than just meeting its cellular ATP demands. Mitochondrial DNA defects are now an established cause of maternal inheritance diseases. Recent cellular studies have highlighted the mitochondrial interaction with other cellular organelles that lead to disease conditions such as in Duchenne muscular dystrophy, where defective mitochondria was found in melanocytes of these patients. Vitiligo, a depigmentory ailment of the skin, is another such disorder whose pathogenesis is now found to be associated with mitochondria. The complete absence of melanocytes at the lesioned site in vitiligo is a fact; however, the precise mechanism of this destruction is still undefined. In this review we have tried to discuss and link the emerging facts of mitochondrial function or its inter‐ and intra‐organellar communications in vitiligo pathogenesis. Mitochondrial close association with melanosomes, molecular involvement in melanocyte–keratinocyte communication and melanocyte survival are new paradigm of melanogenesis that could ultimately account for vitiligo. This definitely adds the new dimensions to our understanding of vitiligo, its management and designing of future mitochondrial targeted therapy for vitiligo.
Oviposition and olfactometry response of codling moth (Cydia pomonella) to quince (Cydonia oblonga) cultivars
Authors: Gómez María Pía , Barud Flavia Jofré , Díaz Ariel , López María Liza 
Published: March 2023

AbstractQuince (Cydonia oblonga Miller) is one of the common hosts of the codling moth, Cydia pomonella L. Knowledge of the chemical ecology of codling moth is based on its behaviour against apples and pears but not quince. Here, we present a laboratory study on olfactometry and oviposition behavior preference of mated females and neonate larvae of codling moth against four quince cultivars. Oviposition of mated females was evaluated on dual‐choice test, whereas olfactometry response was evaluated in a Y‐tube olfactometer. Neonate larvae were evaluated in a dual‐choice test between pieces of fruit of quince cultivars in pairwise comparisons. In the Y‐tube olfactometer assay, mated females always responded positively to the fruit‐scented arm to quince fruit volatiles. Smyrna and Champion cultivars showed significant differences in the time that mated females spent in the fruit‐scented arm. In the oviposition assay, all pairwise comparisons showed significant differences in the number of the eggs laid, with Smyrna and Champion being the cultivars most preferred. No significant differences were detected in dual choice of neonate larvae. All comparisons elicited the behaviour of contacting the fruit source. Based on the potential emission of recognized kairomones and the results found here, cultivars Smyrna and Champion are suggested as cultivars most susceptible to codling moth infestation.
Ethnicity and homophily effects in US M&As
Authors: Alhenawi Yasser , Hassan M. Kabir 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe show that ethnic diversity of CEOs of merging firms has been increasing and report evidence of ethnic homophily effect in M&As transactions. Specifically, M&As perform better when the CEOs of the merging firms share a common ethnic background. In a sample of 444 US mergers completed between 2000 and 2018, we find that ethnic homophily improves the probability of deal completion. Furthermore, we report mild variation of performance across ethnic groups. White CEOs exhibit better postmerger performance while Asian CEOs instigate a better market reaction (announcement return). Subsequent analyses show that White CEOs tend to have longer tenure and longer experience while Asian CEOs tend to be more transparent. We discuss our findings in light of a few extant theories and show that our findings are robust to several additional tests including instrumental variables, Heckman's selection bias correction, and several variations in the model specifications and definitions of key variables.
Social connectedness and health‐related quality of life among patients with cancer undergoing chemotherapy: A mixed method approach using structural equation modelling and photo‐elicitation
Authors: Salazar Sarah Maria D. C. , Dino Michael Joseph S. , Macindo John Rey B. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo develop and test the model of association of social connectedness and health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) among patients with cancer undergoing chemotherapy and to describe their social connectedness through photo‐elicitation.BackgroundSocial connectedness has been empirically associated with several well‐being outcomes. However, little is known on the association of social connectedness among patients with cancer undergoing chemotherapy.MethodsEmploying a mixed‐methods design following the good reporting of a mixed methods study guideline, the quantitative approach involved 230 consecutively‐selected patients with cancer undergoing chemotherapy who answered a three‐part survey. From these patients, six informants participated in the photo‐elicitation and key informant interview sessions. Gathered data were quantitatively analyzed using structural equation modelling and qualitatively processed using polytextual thematic analysis.Results and FindingsSocial connectedness had a positive influence on social well‐being (β = .22, p = .008) and emotional well‐being (β = .20, p = .023); however, it had a negative effect on functional well‐being (β = −.20, p = .007). The overall model revealed good model indices: χ2/df = .82, RMSEA = .01, GFI = 1.00. Qualitative analysis culled from photo‐elicitation uncovered five interconnected themes yielding the Honeycomb model of social connectedness which was composed of correspondence, cohesion, constitution, convergence and corroboration.ConclusionHRQoL among patients with cancer undergoing chemotherapy is a multi‐factorial health construct affected by social connectedness. The presented model emphasises the importance of social connectedness and paves way for the development of appropriate strategies to promote social connectedness among patients with cancer undergoing chemotherapy.Relevance to Clinical PracticeThe findings provide impetus in the modification and development of appropriate practices, policies and strategies in promoting social connectedness. These approaches are geared towards patient–family empowerment and health education techniques to ascertain that assistance from significant others is provided without limiting the patient's autonomy or independence.