bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A complex RCO locus regulates lobed leaf formation in Brassica juncea
Authors: Chang Lichun , Liang Jianli , Zhang Li , Cai Xu , Wu Jian , Wang Xiaowu 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In Brassicaceae, RCO regulates lobed leaves, an important agronomic trait. RCO evolved through duplication, regulatory diversification, and loss. However, how RCO evolved and diversified in different lineages of Brassicaceae is unclear. The RCO locus in B. juncea had been reported to be responsible for lobed leaf formation, but its complexity has largely remained unknown. In this study, we identified 54 RCO homologues in 16 species of Brassicaceae through syntenic analysis. Based on the phylogenetic relationship, we classified these homologues into two types, LMI1-type and RCO-type. Further, we proposed two independent lineage-specific evolution routes for RCO after the divergence from Aethionema arabicum. In Brassiceae species, we revealed that the RCO loci regulating lobed leaf formation were located on the LF subgenomes. In the case of B. juncea (T84-66), we found that the complex RCO locus was formed through the duplication of a large DNA segment comprising Exostosin- LMI1- RCO (E-R-L), resulting in the tandem presence of four RCO homologues on chromosome A10. As further evidence, we mapped the complex RCO locus regulating lobed leaf formation to chromosome A10 using a B. juncea F2 population, which was consistent with the evolutionary analysis results. We further clarified that BjRCO.1 and BjRCO.2 were functional in regulating lobed leaf formation by transcriptome analysis. This study provides valuable information on the control of leaf morphology in the breeding of Brassiceae crops.
Dynamin1 long- and short-tail isoforms exploit distinct recruitment and spatial patterns to form endocytic nanoclusters
Authors: Jiang Anmin , Gormal Rachel , Wallis Tristan , Robinson Phillip , Johnson Margaret , Joensuu Merja , Meunier Frederic 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Endocytosis requires a coordinated framework of molecular interactions that ultimately lead to the fission of nascent endosomes. How cytosolic proteins, such as dynamin, timely concentrate at discrete sites that are sparsely distributed across the plasma membrane remains poorly understood. Two dynamin 1 (Dyn1) major splice variants differ by the length of their C-terminal proline-rich region (short-tail and long-tail). Using sptPALM in PC12 cells, neurons and MEF cells, we demonstrate that short-tail Dyn1 isoforms Dyn1ab and Dyn1bb display an activity-dependent recruitment to the membrane, promptly followed by concentration into nanoclusters. These nanoclusters were sensitive to both Calcineurin and Dyn1 GTPase inhibitors, and were larger, denser, and more numerous than that of long-tail isoform Dyn1aa. Spatiotemporal modelling confirmed that Dyn1 isoforms perform distinct search patterns and undergo dimensional reduction to generate endocytic nanoclusters, with short-tail isoforms more robustly exploiting lateral trapping in the generation of nanoclusters compared to long-tail isoform Dyn1aa.
Experimental generation of fulgurite under realistic lightning discharge conditions
Authors: Çalışkanoğlu A. Zeynep , Camara Alessandra S. B. , Cimarelli Corrado , Dingwell Donald B. , Hess Kai-Uwe 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Fulgurites have been documented in geological deposits from throughout Earth's history. They have also been assigned a potential role in prebiotic chemistry as a source of reactants. Fulgurites are generated in nature by cloud-to-ground lightning strikes. The unpredictability in space and time of the occurrence of lightning events has limited the investigation of both the mechanisms by, and the conditions under, which fulgurites form. A laboratory-based approach can ameliorate this. Here, we describe experimentally generated fulgurites generated from Laacher See volcanic ash. We employ a DC source with a trigger-pulse setup in a high voltage laboratory, whose capabilities enable experimental conditions that correspond closely to the electrical characteristics of natural lightning strikes. The experimentally generated fulgurites closely resemble naturally-occurring fulgurites in both state and texture. These experimental investigations yield a high reproducibility of the characteristic of fulgurites generated under well-constrained conditions, enabling some inferences to be made regarding the processes involved in the generation of fulgurites in nature. This work provides a basis for a systematic characterization of experimental fulgurites and the characteristic of lightning discharges.
WITHDRAWN: The Relationship of Depression, Anxiety, Stress and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder with Professional Quality of Life Among Healthcare Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Turkey
Authors: GÖRGÜN Ceren TÜRKDOĞAN , ALDOĞAN Ece UĞURLUOĞLU 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study is to assess the mental health status of healthcare workers (HCWs) and to examine the relationships between depression, anxiety, stress, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and professional quality of life during the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey.
Method: The research was a descriptive and cross-sectional, quantitative questionnaire survey study: 450 HCWs were sampled in a tertiary health institution declared as a pandemic hospital in Giresun, Turkey between 1 June and 30 August 2021. They completed the Depression Anxiety and Stress Short Form Scale (DASS-21), PTSD Checklist for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fifth Edition (PCL-5), and Professional Quality of Life (ProQOL-V) self-report measures. For the analyses, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson Correlation Analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were performed using the SPSS 26.0 and AMOS 21.0 programs.
Results: Appreciable percentages of the HCWs reported mild or greater levels of depression (64%), anxiety (59%), stress (48%), PTSD (49%), together with elevated levels of burnout (83%), and secondary traumatic stress (STS 44%). Being a woman, young, nurse, less experienced, lower educated, lost any relative or friend, consider resigning in the COVID-19 pandemic and afraid of infecting their family were risk factors for mental health of HCWs. PTSD scores were associated with depression, anxiety and stress; burnout was associated with depression, anxiety, stress and PTSD; STS was associated with PTSD. Continued monitoring and psychological support for HCWs' mental health post-COVID is desirable.
Palmitoyl transferase ZDHHC20 promotes pancreatic cancer metastasis
Authors: Tomić Goran , Sheridan Clare , Refermat Alice , Baggelaar Marc , Sipthorp James , Sudarshan Bhuvana , Ocasio Cory , Suarez-Bonnet Alejandro , Priestnall Simon , Herbert Eleanor , Tate Edward , Downward Julian 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Metastasis is one of the defining features of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) that contributes to poor prognosis. In this study, the palmitoyl transferase ZDHHC20 was identified in an in vivo shRNA screen as critical for metastatic outgrowth, with no effect on proliferation and migration in vitro, or primary PDAC growth in mice. This phenotype is abrogated in immunocompromised animals, and in animals with depleted natural killer (NK) cells, indicating that ZDHHC20 affects the interaction of tumour cells and the innate immune system. Using a chemical genetics platform for ZDHHC20-specific substrate profiling, a number of novel substrates of this enzyme were identified. These results describe a role for palmitoylation in enabling distant metastasis that could not have been detected using in vitro screening approaches and identify potential effectors through which ZDHHC20 promotes metastasis of PDAC.
Genetic Gains Underpinning a Strawberry Green Revolution
Authors: Knapp Steven , Feldmann Mitchell , Pincot Dominique , Cole Glenn 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The Green Revolutions in fruits and vegetables have been less well documented but collectively as important to global food security and human well-being as the Green Revolutions in wheat, rice, and other cereals. Using an unparalleled collection of breeding records, an equally unparalleled collection of clonally preserved and genotyped individuals tracing to the beginning of strawberry domestication, phenotypes of early and modern hybrids observed in coastal California environments, and single-step pedigree-genomic prediction of breeding values, we show that phenomenal genetic gains from breeding drove a 2,755% increase in yield and a billion kg increase in annual production over the last 60 years in the US, principally through expansion in California. One of the catalysts for this Green Revolution was the introduction of a single gene from a wild ancestor that more than doubled yields by eliminating photoperiod sensitivity and enabling year-round production in coastal California and beyond.
WITHDRAWN: Gene identifications in three bivalve genomes further gain insights into evolutionary mechanism of Family I84 protease inhibitors
Authors: Mao Jinxia , Lu Jiali , Liu Sheng , Liu Youli , Lin Zhihua , Xue Qinggang 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The family I84 serine protease inhibitors are believed to be mollusk specific immune effectors involved in host defense. However, there have few reports systematically describing its distribution and evolution origin. In this study, we performed genome-wide identiﬁcation of family I84 protease inhibitor genes were analyzed in three bivalves Crassostrea gigas, C. virginica and Tegillarca granosa. A total of 66 Family I84 members were identified, including 22 in C. gigas, 28 in C. virginicaand 16 in T. granosa. The Family I84 genes were unevenly distributed on four, five and five chromosomes in C. gigas, C. virginica and T. granosa, respectively, and some genes were tandem duplicated. Most Family I84 genes contained 3 exons, while 1 gene (TgSi11) contained 2 exons and 12 genes contained 4 exons. The physiological and biochemical parameters of the Family I84 were similar, while TgSi11 and CgSi17 were failed to predict for signal peptides. Four conserved motifs were detected in 66 mature proteins. The phylogenetic results showed that the genes of the two oysters clustered with each other, members in some species are closely clustered, suggesting that they may be expanded by tandem duplication. Expression profile of both C. gigas and T. granosa in development stages, different tissues and co-expression diversified. Gene identifications in three bivalve genomes further indicate molecular and evolutionary diversities of Family I84 protease inhibitors, these results provide comprehensive understanding of the function of such unique protease inhibitor.
Molecular Detection of Epstein-Barr virus among Sudanese Patients diagnosed with Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis
Authors: Hamad Marowa N. , Mohamed Fuodat I. , Osman Mayada M. , Jadid Ahlam A. , Abdalrhman Ibtihal K. , Yousif Alaa M. , Alabid Tyseer , Edris Ali Mahmoud Mohammed , Mohamed Nouh S. , Siddig Emmanuel Edwar , Ahmed Ayman 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Objectives:Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is the most common cause of hypothyroidism. The exact mechanism initiating the development of HT is not yet clear. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between HT and the presence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in a Sudanese population.Results:EBV-LMP1 was detected in 11.1% of HT cases, which is consistent with previous studies. Studies have reported a wide range of frequencies indicating the presence of EBV in HT, and patients with autoimmune thyroiditis have increased titers of anti-EBV antibodies in their sera compared to healthy subjects. Intrathyroidal EBV-infected B cells may be responsible for the increased risk of development of B-cell lymphoma in the thyroid gland in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis. Our study suggests that regular follow-up is necessary for patients diagnosed with HT and are positive for EBV, as antiviral therapy is not applicable due to the risk of thyroid dysfunction. The study suggests an association between EBV and HT, but causation cannot be determined. The study also highlights the need for further research to determine the viral role and correlate it with the severity and progression of HT.
A metagenomic analysis of the phase 2 Anopheles gambiae 1000 genomes dataset reveals a wide diversity of cobionts associated with field collected mosquitoes
Authors: Pastusiak Andrzej , Reddy Michael , Chen Xiaoji , Hoyer Isaiah , Dorman Jack , Gebhardt Mary , Carpi Giovanna , Norris Douglas , Pipas James , Jackson Ethan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

The Anopheles gambiae 1000 Genomes (Ag1000G) Consortium utilized deep sequencing methods to catalogue genetic diversity across African Anopheles gambiae populations. We analyzed the complete datasets of 1,142 individually sequenced mosquitoes through Microsoft Premonition’s Bayesian mixture model based(BMM) metagenomics pipeline. All samples were confirmed as either An. gambiae sensu stricto (s.s.) or An. coluzzii with a high degree of confidence (>98% identity to reference). Homo sapiens DNA was identified in all specimens indicating contamination may have occurred either at the time of sample collection, preparation and/or sequencing. We found evidence of vertebrate hosts in 162 specimens. 59 specimens contained validated Plasmodium falciparumreads. Non-mosquito borne, human hepatitis B and primate erythroparvovirus-1 viral sequences were identified in fifteen and three specimens, respectively. 478 of the 1,142 specimens were found to contain bacterial reads and bacteriophage-related contigs were detected in 27 samples. This analysis demonstrates the capacity of metagenomic approaches to elucidate important vector-host-pathogen interactions of epidemiological significance.
Manufacturing and characterization of particleboard as partition material made of corn husk bonded using water soluble chitosan adhesive
Authors: Prasetiyo Kurnia Wiji , Hermawan Dede , Hadi Yusuf Sudo , Subyakto Subyakto , Amanda Putri , Astari Lilik , Kusumaningrum Wida Banar 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Partition materials based on wood particles and inorganic materials bonded with synthetic adhesives have a negative impact. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the manufacturing and characterization of particleboard as partition material using corn husk to substituted wood-based particles and water soluble chitosan (WSC) as adhesive to replaced synthetic-based adhesive. The WSC content was varied of 6%, 8% and 10% wt. The particleboards were manufactured under the pressure temperature variations of 160, 180 and 200 oC for 15 min, press pressure of 2.5 MPa and target density of 0.8 g/cm3. The physical and mechanical properties of particleboards improved in line with increasing WSC content up to 8% and pressure temperature above 160 oC. The value of MOR and MOE from boards bonded with WSC 8% and pressure temperature of 180 oC fulfilled the requirement of JIS A 5908 (2003). The sound absorption coefficient of particleboard bonded using WSC 6% was better than other boards. The particleboards absorbed sound at middle to high frequency (> 1000 Hz) and reflected sound at low frequency (80 to 630 Hz). FTIR spectrum shows that the absorption area around 3400 cm− 1 wavelengths is a little decrease in intensity due to with the increase of pressure temperature. Corn husk particleboard not yet classified as a heat insulator panel. This study suggest that corn husk is feasible to use for particleboard bonded using WSC adhesive as partition material.
Early Cardiac Magnetic Resonance-derived Cardiac Strain as a Predictor of Adverse Events and Ventricular Remodeling in Patients with Reperfused STEMI: A Two-center Cohort Study
Authors: Zhou Zuoyi , Lu Yuan , Wang Zhi , Yang Fan , Fang Shu , Qiu Lin , Qiu Jianxing , Gong Yanjun , Huo Yong 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The main purpose of this study was to investigate the predictive value of cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR)-derived strains for post-infarction left ventricular adverse remodeling (LVAR) and clinical events in an East Asian patient cohort of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).
Methods
Patients diagnosed with STEMI and treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) comprising stent implantation at Chinese two centers were enrolled in this prospective cohort study. All participants underwent CMR imaging early after stenting. Feature tracking was used to assess left ventricular (LV) strains. The primary endpoints were major adverse cardiac events (MACE) and LVAR (defined as 15% increase in LV end-diastolic volume) in 6-month follow up.
Results
Among the 76 patients included (age 55.5 ± 10.7 years; 88% male), 18 (23.7%) experienced a MACE event. Global longitudinal strain (GLS) revealed by FT-CMR was confirmed to be the independent predictor of MACE (OR = 1.21 (1.07–1.36); P = 0.001). The area under the ROC curve was 0.763. The best cutoff value of GLS for predicting MACE was − 14.6%, with a diagnostic sensitivity of 72.2% and a diagnostic specificity of 74.2%. LVAR was found in 7 patients (29.2%) among the 24 patients underwent CMR imaging at 6-month follow-up time. GLS was an independent predictor of LVAR (OR = 2.06 (1.14–3.73); P = 0.017).
Conclusion
In STEMI patients treated with primary PCI, GLS determined on early CMR could be an independent predictor of MACE and LVAR.
The genetic architecture of pain intensity in a sample of 598,339 U.S. veterans
Authors: Kranzler Henry , Toikumo Sylvanus , Vickers-Smith Rachel , Jinwala Zeal , Xu Heng , Saini Divya , Hartwell Emily , Pavicic Mirko , Sullivan Kyle , Xu Ke , Jacobson Daniel , Gelernter Joel , Rentscsh Christopher , Stahl Eli , Cheatle Martin , Zhou Hang , Waxman Stephen , Justice Amy , Kember Rachel 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Chronic pain is a common problem, with more than one-fifth of adult Americans reporting pain daily or on most days. It adversely affects quality of life and imposes substantial personal and economic costs. Efforts to treat chronic pain using opioids played a central role in precipitating the opioid crisis. Despite an estimated heritability of 25–50%, the genetic architecture of chronic pain is not well characterized, in part because studies have largely been limited to samples of European ancestry. To help address this knowledge gap, we conducted a cross-ancestry meta-analysis of pain intensity in 598,339 participants in the Million Veteran Program, which identified 125 independent genetic loci, 82 of which are novel. Pain intensity was genetically correlated with other pain phenotypes, level of substance use and substance use disorders, other psychiatric traits, education level, and cognitive traits. Integration of the GWAS findings with functional genomics data shows enrichment for putatively causal genes (n = 142) and proteins (n = 14) expressed in brain tissues, specifically in GABAergic neurons. Drug repurposing analysis identified anticonvulsants, beta-blockers, and calcium-channel blockers, among other drug groups, as having potential analgesic effects. Our results provide insights into key molecular contributors to the experience of pain and highlight attractive drug targets.
A Simple Model on Social Connections, Wages, and Welfare
Authors: Wang Ying , Woodward Richard 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we develop a model of social connections to explore how, in the presence of social connections, an increase in an exogenous wage of one of the players does not necessarily lead to a Pareto improvement. Players are required to share resources to establish social connections. In this basic model, we show that the non-cooperative equilibrium is not Pareto efficient by introducing a compensation mechanism and showing that a Pareto improving trade could be made. We then show that if a wage increase for one player leads to a reduction in social connections, under some circumstances a mutually beneficial agreement could be reached in which the player foregoes the wage increase in exchange for a cash transfer. The model provides insights into why increases in income does not always translate into greater happiness.
When quantum mechanics becomes less weird
Authors: FIDALI EL 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
For about a century, physicists have been debating over the behavior of particles on a microscopic scale. Although the principle of the wave-particle duality is accepted in the scientific community, many experiments with puzzling results are still challenging quantum mechanics until now, such as the double slit experiment, entanglement, interferences of a single electron, or delayed choice quantum eraser. In this article, we shall bring forth explanations for some of these experiments. Unlike standard quantum mechanics (SQM) built by Schr¨odinger1 and P.Dirac2 which considers that the wave function is an abstract mathematical tool, our model takes up the concept of the pilot wave once initiated by physicists De Broglie and D.Bohm,3 who suggested that the wave associated to a quantum object has a real existence and that it is not simply a wave of probability. We shall discuss how this old-new conception of reality renders quantum mechanics ultimately less mysterious than it seems.
Gasdermin D associates with cellular regions bordering NETosis enrichment in human TB granulomas
Authors: Fisher Kimone , Nargan Kievershen , Moodley Denelle , Kerishka  , Mpotje Thabo , Steyn Adrie , Ndung'u Thumbi , Marakalala Mohlopheni J 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Programmed cell death is an important part of maintaining homeostasis. However, other forms of cell death can also be the cause of tissue damage and be manipulated during infection to benefit the invading pathogen. A granuloma is a pathological hallmark of tuberculosis (TB), the disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). NETosis is a cell death mediated by neutrophils and has been associated with granulomas in humans and mice. Gasdermin D (GSDMD) has recently been reported to be vital driver of NETosis. Using immunohistochemistry, ELISA and in-vitro infection models, we assessed the presence and abundance of GSDMD in lungs of TB patients and whether targeting this pathway reduced NETosis. We show that GSDMD is present within cellular regions surrounding necrotic caseum and that GSDMD is detectable in the plasma of individuals with TB. In addition, we show that plasma GSDMD correlated with IL-1b in individuals with LTBI or TB. Targeting GSDMD with a pharmaceutical inhibitor significantly reduced NETosis induced by Mtb H37Rv infection. Here, we show that GSDMD is associated with TB pathology and may be explored as a target for HDT aimed to reduce lung tissue damage mediated by NETosis.