bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Breakdown performance of potassium‐sodium niobate piezoceramics copped with oxides
Authors: Li Ronglian , Zhang Guoxiang , Li Yuesong , Zhao Ping , Sun Qi , Wang Yuanyu 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn the work, the CuO, Fe2O3, ZnO, and Al2O3 are doped in the potassium‐sodium niobate (KNN) to investigate their effects on the breakdown strength (EB) through in situ decomposition reaction on the KNN particles. The results suggest that the EB increases to some extent, thanks to the addition of oxides. Particularly, the addition of ZnO improves the EB by 34.08% compared with pure KNN ceramics. The X‐ray diffractometry, SEM, temperature‐dependent dielectric constant, complex impedance spectrum, breakdown strength test, and energy band structure are employed for the EB investigation. The addition of Fe2O3 and Al2O3 can reduce the grain size of ceramics while CuO leads to grain growth. The relative density, dielectric constant, activation energy (Ea), and relaxation time (τ) of the ceramics are enhanced by the addition of Fe2O3, ZnO and Al2O3. Among these factors, the relative density is helpful for the improvement of the EB. Additionally, the featured energy band structure contributes to such improvement.
Enhanced high temperature properties of ZTA prestressed ceramics reinforced by cordierite coating
Authors: Li Hai‐Yan , Wu Haolong , Han Yao , Liu Xiao‐gen , Wan Detian , Bao Yiwang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractZirconia toughened alumina (ZTA) has a wide range of applications in high temperature. Though some routes were reported to enhance the mechanical properties at room temperature, the preparation of ZTA with improved high temperature properties was still unknown. In this work, cordierite/ZTA pre‐stressed ceramics (marked as Cor‐ZTA30) have been fabricated successfully by using prestressed coating reinforcement method. The relationships among the temperature, residual stress and the flexural strength of Cor‐ZTA30 have been established based on experimental data. Due to the compressive stresses exists in the surface layer of Cor‐ZTA30 hinder the crack extension, the flexural strength of Cor‐ZTA30 was greatly enhanced at the temperatures below 1000°C. In addition, the difference in flexural strength between coated and uncoated ZTA ceramics decreased with increasing temperature until 1000°C. It indicated that the residual stress vanished entirely as the temperature above 1000°C, which resulted in the same flexural strength for ZTA and Cor‐ZTA30. Therefore, strengthening ZTA ceramics by prestressing is available under the temperatures below 1000°C.
Sustainable activation of pumice with partially variable substitutions of metakaolin and/or fumed silica
Authors: Bagci Cengiz , Kafkas Dogan , Samuel Devon M. , Kriven Waltraud M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSustainable alkali activation of pumice from Turkish origin was studied by a partial replacement of metakaolin and/or fumed silica additives. Following the characterization of as‐received pumice by X‐ray fluorescence spectroscopy, x‐ray diffraction, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, a series of powder mixtures were prepared by introducing metakaolin and/or fumed silica (8, 14, and 20 M) into 1 M of the pumice. The mixtures were then dissolved in 11 M NaOH or sodium silicate solutions. The slurries were poured into polyacetal molds to obtain geopolymer samples for mechanical testing and cured in a constant 50°C temperature in a humidity oven for 48 h and then left for 1 week to undergo additional curing at ambient temperature. The microstructural, mechanical, and thermal properties of the final geopolymer samples were determined by XRD, scanning electron microscopy, Weibull analysis of 3‐point flexural and compressive tests and thermal conductivity measurements. Results showed that all the Weibull values were best for 14 M of metakaolin and/or fumed silica. The metakaolin‐added pumice yielded higher compressive strengths of (53.78 ± 33.30 MPa) than fumed silica (10.87 ± 4.04 MPa) and fumed silica plus metakaolin (41.22 ± 5.16 MPa). Thermal conductivities (0.19–0.46 Wm–1K–1) were also comparable to the thermal conductivity of metakaolin‐based geopolymers.
Characterization of hydroxyapatite from recycled fish scale and its application as a filler in a biodegradable food tray
Authors: Kongthong Kwansuda , Trongnit Jutamas , Sriwoon Rujinard , Sukolrat Apinya , Kaewtatip Kaewta 
Published: September 2023

AbstractFish scale waste can be used as a precursor of hydroxyapatite (HAp). In this work, HAp was extracted from white seabass (Lates calcarifer) scale waste by using an alkali heat treatment. The fish scale was pretreated with hydrochloric acid (HCl) concentrations of 0.1, 0.5, and 1 M. The pretreated fish scale was then treated with 2% sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution at 70°C for 5 h and again (20% NaOH solution) for 1 h to extract HAp. The effects of each pretreatment on the properties of the extracted HAp were investigated. HAp produced after pretreatment with 1 M HCl had the smallest particle size (28.24 ± 5.20 μm), the highest degree of crystallinity (79%), the highest thermal stability, the largest BET surface area (90.80 m2/g), and the highest whiteness value (97.360 ± 0.01). 1 M HCl could eliminate more protein, collagen, and other organic compounds than lower HCl concentrations without destroying the crystalline domains of the fish scale. Waste L. calcarifer scale is therefore a potential source of HAp. Furthermore, in a preliminary study for further research, HAp extracted in the proposed procedure was used as a filler in a biodegradable starch foam.
Reactive hot pressing parameters on reaction, densification, and mechanical properties of Ti3AlC2 ceramic
Authors: Rangaraj Lingappa 
Published: September 2023

AbstractTi3AlC2 ceramic was produced using a 3Ti–Al–1.8C powder mixture by reactive hot pressing at 2–10 MPa and 1100°C–1300°C for 15–60 min. X‐ray diffraction patterns confirmed the Ti2AlC phase up to 1200°C, and at 1300°C, Ti3AlC2 remained as a primary phase with a tiny peak of TiC. Ti3AlC2 and TiC phases varied from 93 to 96 vol.% and 7 to 4 vol.%, respectively, with different pressure and time at 1300°C. An applied pressure of 10 MPa and 1300°C resulted in a density of 4.18 g/cm3 (98.4% relative density) in the samples. It was observed that lower temperature (1100–1200°C) and low applied pressure (2 MPa) do not attain the required density, whereas soaking time is insignificant to achieve the required density at 1300°C. The microhardness and flexural strength were 6.32 ± .20 GPa and 592 ± 42 MPa, respectively.
Microstructure and stress relief mechanism of C/C composite and GH3044 superalloy joints using (Cu)+Ti5Si3 foil filler
Authors: Wang Yonglei , Zhang Keke , Yin Danqing 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA Ti5Si3 reinforced (Cu) matrix foil composite filler was prepared and applied to join C/C composite and GH3044 superalloy, and a finite element model with random distribution particles was constructed to reveal the stress relief mechanism of composite brazing. Results showed the in‐situ synthesized Ti5Si3 reinforcements with a size of less than 5 µm were distributed uniformly in the (Cu) matrix, and their volume fraction reached 38%. The shear strength of the joint brazed with the composite filler reached 37.6 MPa, which is about 100% higher than that brazed with (Cu) filler. The Ti5Si3 reinforcements relieved the residual stress mainly by reducing residual stress values, introducing compressive stress into the joining layer, and transforming the continuous tensile stress into tensile stress/compressive stress.
Formation, conversion, and elimination of intermediate spinel phase in MgO/kaolin mixture firing for cordierite
Authors: Yang Yang , Yan Jiaqi , Cheng Shujia , Liu Gang , Chen Bensong , Zheng Kang , Chen Lin , Tian Xingyou 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCordierite ceramic is usually used for diesel particulate filter owing to its excellent low thermal expansion coefficient and high thermal shock resistance properties. However, the co‐exited intermediate spinel phase can deteriorate the thermal and mechanical performances of cordierite ceramic product, because the spinel phase has much higher thermal expansion coefficient comparing to that of cordierite. In this study, two methods are utilized to reduce the spinel impurity in the cordierite ceramic. On the one hand, rational reaction resources were introduced to decrease spinel production. The formation of intermediate spinel phase is systematically researched by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman characterizations and the results clarified the preference of path “Enstatite + Mullite → Cordierite” for less spinel production in comparison to path “Enstatite + Al2O3 → Cordierite + Spinel.” Additionally, MgO was introduced as fluxing agent to promote liquid‐phase sintering, thus facilitating the conversion of spinel. On the other hand, the sintering schedule was improved by introducing a holding temperature gradient to promote the diffusion of Si4+ and further promote the conversion of spinel into cordierite. With these methods, the residual spinel phase is minimized, the resulting high‐purity cordierite has a 47% reduction in the thermal expansion coefficient from 3.07 × 10−6/K to 1.63 × 10−6/K compared to the original cordierite sample.
Phase selectivity and environmental stability of 612‐aluminate synthesized by sintering Co‐precipitated precursor
Authors: Dong Liexiao , Zhou Yanbo , Gong Tiantian , Wu Mingshan , Xu Luxiang , Fu Hao 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe environmental stability of barium calcium aluminate for impregnated cathodes is significant for storing impregnants and fabricating thermionic cathodes. In this work, two types of phase structures are obtained in the 612‐type aluminate. The Ba3CaAl2O7 single‐phase structure is obtained if the crucible is uncovered after sintering for 300 min at 1200°C. In contrast, the Ba3Al2O6 and BaCO3 dual‐phase structure is achieved by suppressing the solid‐state reaction by covering the crucible and reducing the sintering duration to 75 min. The dual‐phase sample exhibits superior environment stability to the single‐phase one when exposed to moist air. The reason could be attributed to the smaller specific surface area and total pore volume of the dual‐phase sample due to the incomplete liberty of gases in sintering. Because of their identical compositions, the cathodes impregnated with different sintered phases possess comparable electron emission capacities. This work provides an effective process to synthesize 612‐aluminate with good environmental stability and emissive capacity.
Do not be salty: an analysis of consumers' salt reduction strategies investigated using word association tasks
Authors: Dabas Tanvi , Gorman Mackenzie , LeBlanc Jeanne , Moss Rachael , McSweeney Matthew B. 
Published: September 2023

SummaryObesity and obesity‐related illness have become an increasingly prevalent problem in Canada and around the globe. Due to this situation, consumers' attitudes towards salt use have changed. The objective of this study was to investigate individuals' attitudes towards salt use and identify if they are choosing to reduce salt in their diet using unrestrictive questions. A convenience sample of 193 participants, residing in Atlantic Canada were recruited. Word association tasks were used to identify their attitudes towards salt‐reduced foods and high‐salt food products. Furthermore, an open‐ended comment question was used to identify consumers' salt reduction strategies. Participants considered salt‐reduced foods to be healthy and specifically indicated that they help to reduce blood pressure. However, they also considered them to be bland and lack flavour. The participants identified that they believed processed foods to be high in salt, especially processed meats. The majority of participants (70% of the overall population; 89% of older adults above 65 years of age) said they are trying to reduce their salt intake. The most frequently mentioned strategies for reducing salt and sodium intake were making homemade meals, purchasing low‐salt and sodium‐labelled foods, reading nutrition fact labels and removing saltshakers from their table at home.
Response of nonstoichiometric pyrochlore composition Nd1.8Zr2.2O7.1 to electronic excitations
Authors: Sharma Saurabh Kumar , Grover Vinita , Shukla Rakesh , Hussain Abid , Mishra Ambuj , Kulriya Pawan Kumar 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn response of swift heavy ion (100 MeV I9+) irradiation, the irradiation‐induced disordering in nonstoichiometric pyrochlore composition (Nd1.8Zr2.2O7.1) was compared to that of stoichiometric composition Nd2Zr2O7. Both compositions were prepared through auto gel‐combustion followed by sintering under the identical conditions. Systematic analysis of the compositions before and after irradiation was performed with X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, and plane‐view high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) techniques. Irradiation caused pyrochlore to amorphous phase transformation was observed in both compositions except the slower rate of amorphization in Nd1.8Zr2.2O7.1. The amorphization was achieved as a consequence of isolated disordered track overlapping at higher ion fluence with the estimated track diameter 2.73 ± 0.05 and 3.46 ± 0.30 nm for Nd1.8Zr2.2O7.1 and Nd2Zr2O7, respectively, employing the framework of single‐ion impact model to XRD results. HRTEM micrographs also revealed the less prevalence of irradiation‐induced amorphization in Nd1.8Zr2.2O7.1 with the observed irradiation‐induced modified track region composed of defect‐rich pyrochlore structure, anion‐deficient fluorite structure, and amorphous domains; with the diameter of 3.0 ± 1.0 nm and 5.0 ± 1.0 nm in Nd1.8Zr2.2O7.1 and Nd2Zr2O7, respectively. The preexisting anion‐deficient fluorite structure in Nd1.8Zr2.2O7.1 helps in its epitaxial growth as recovered structure from melted ion track during irradiation‐induced rapid cooling.
Impedance spectroscopy: A useful technique to unveil the mechanism of a CO oxidation reaction
Authors: dos Santos Veiga Emerson Luiz , Beltrán‐Mir Héctor , Vendrell Xavier , Llorca Jordi , Cordoncillo Eloísa 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this work, the impedance spectroscopy (IS) technique was used to aid in understanding the reaction mechanism of the CO oxidation reaction using the Pr2Zr2−xFexO7±δ (x = 0 and 0.10) mixed oxide as a heterogeneous catalyst. The catalytic reaction occurred in the same temperature range where there was a decrease in the overall resistivity of the materials. Moreover, it has been observed that within the temperature range where the catalytic process takes place, there is a variation in the A and n parameters of the power law dispersion. Combining IS with catalytic reactions offers a robust approach to enhance the understanding of the mechanisms involved in the CO oxidation reaction. It enables precise analysis of the changes that take place at the solid–gas interface, particularly the generation of reactive oxygen species. Furthermore, it allows examining the relationship between the presence of oxygen vacancies and defects, which directly impact the catalytic process.
Effect of fiber orientation on tribological properties of fiber‐reinforced C/C–SiC composites mated with ceramic ball
Authors: Pan Wenqian , Xia Xizhen , Zhou Wei , Li Yang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCarbon fiber–reinforced SiC ceramic matrix composites (C/C–SiC composites) with advantages of high wear resistance and corrosion resistance are of high application potential as ceramic bearings. In this study, the frictional and wear behaviors of C/C–SiC with different fiber orientations mating with Al2O3 and SiC balls, respectively, have been investigated. Results reveal that fiber orientation effectively affects the friction and wear properties of carbon–ceramic composites in paired friction experiments with ceramic balls. In comparison to C/C–SiC with unidirectional fiber orientation, C/C–SiC pads with randomly arranged fibers exhibited a more stable coefficient of friction and lower volume wear, presenting the best performance among the pads considered herein, which may have the potential to be applied to bearing materials. The factors affecting the formation of continuous tribo‐film, which influence the comprehensive performance, are researched. It is proposed that the amount of wear debris and the formation of SiC/SiC micro‐hard frictional pairs may inhibit or promote the formation of continuous friction film. The dominant wear mechanisms for friction pairs of C/C–SiC and ceramic are abrasive wear and oxidation wear.
CellProfiler plugins – An easy image analysis platform integration for containers and Python tools
Authors: Weisbart Erin , Tromans‐Coia Callum , Diaz‐Rohrer Barbara , Stirling David R. , Garcia‐Fossa Fernanda , Senft Rebecca A. , Hiner Mark C. , de Jesus Marcelo B. , Eliceiri Kevin W. , Cimini Beth A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCellProfiler is a widely used software for creating reproducible, reusable image analysis workflows without needing to code. In addition to the >90 modules that make up the main CellProfiler program, CellProfiler has a plugins system that allows for the creation of new modules which integrate with other Python tools or tools that are packaged in software containers. The CellProfiler‐plugins repository contains a number of these CellProfiler modules, especially modules that are experimental and/or dependency‐heavy. Here, we present an upgraded CellProfiler‐plugins repository, an example of accessing containerised tools, improved documentation and added citation/reference tools to facilitate the use and contribution of the community.
Social anxiety disorder in adolescents who stutter: A risk for school refusal
Authors: Kikuchi Yoshikazu , Kenjo Masamutsu , Yoshida Eriko , Takahashi Saburo , Murakami Daisuke , Yamaguchi Yumi , Adachi Kazuo , Sawatsubashi Motohiro , Taura Masahiko , Nakagawa Takashi , Umezaki Toshiro 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackground: Stuttering is a childhood‐onset fluency disorder. Part of the counseling for middle and high school students with persistent stuttering is related to school refusal. Anxiety disorders are known to contribute to school refusal. However, it is not known whether social anxiety disorder (SAD) is a factor in school refusal among adolescents who stutter.Methods: In our first study, we examined the relationship between school refusal and SAD in 84 middle and high school students who stutter; 26% of the 84 students were in the school refusal group and the remaining 74% were in the school attendance group. The second study examined whether SAD was associated with 10 factors related to speech and stuttering frequency using the Japanese version of the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale for Children and Adolescents to determine the presence of SAD. Of the 84 students in the first study, 40 participated in the second study.Results: The school refusal group of adolescents who stutter had significantly higher rates of SAD than the school attendance group. Fifty percent of adolescents who stutter met the criteria for SAD. Moreover, adolescents who stutter with SAD had significantly higher scores on the items “When speaking in public, do you experience tremors in your limbs?” and “After you stutter, do you have negative thoughts about yourself?” than the adolescents who stutter without SAD.Conclusions: When examining adolescents who stutter, checking for comorbid SAD may lead to better support. Moreover, noticing their repetitive negative thinking, nervousness, and trembling during speech may help to resolve SAD.
Managing material shortages in project supply chains: Inventories, time buffers, and supplier flexibility
Authors: Kouvelis Panos , Chen Xingxing , Xia Yu 
Published: September 2023

We consider a two‐stage project supply chain with a downstream project firm producing an engineer‐to‐order (ETO) complex product or a make‐to‐order (MTO), low‐volume, customized industrial product as a project, and an upstream contract supplier supplying a key material to the project. The project faces two uncertainties: project activity time uncertainty and material consumption uncertainty, which may be positively or negatively correlated. In anticipation of these uncertainties, the project firm has to carefully decide its promised project due date to its project customer, against which harsh penalties will be assessed, and his material order quantity to commit to the contract supplier in advance. In most practical settings, project firms order from contracted suppliers via a flexible wholesale price contract consisting of a discounted advance order price and a risk‐premium adjusted expedite order price. The discounted advance order price encourages the project firm to take more inventory risk in the supply chain, and the expedite order price incentivizes the supplier to bear more inventory risk by carrying safety stock in excess of the project firm's advance material order. We formulate an optimization model that solves the project firm's project due date and material order problem, which takes into account the supplier's strategic reaction to the project firm's material order under the flexible wholesale price contract. We show that for MTO projects, risk‐sharing with suppliers on project materials is less important to the project firm, with the project firm assuming ownership of all material inventory in the channel and setting a deliberate project due date being the key. On the other hand, for ETO projects, risk‐sharing with contracted suppliers assumes critical importance. Project firms managing ETO projects should fully exploit the flexibility in the material supply contract to optimally drive the supplier's safety stock level and set the project due date reflecting the shared risk in the supply chain.
Skew Howe duality and limit shapes of Young diagrams
Authors: Nazarov Anton , Postnova Olga , Scrimshaw Travis 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe consider the skew Howe duality for the action of certain dual pairs of Lie groups on the exterior algebra as a probability measure on Young diagrams by the decomposition into the sum of irreducible representations. We prove a combinatorial version of this skew Howe duality for the pairs , , , and using crystal bases, which allows us to interpret the skew Howe duality as a natural consequence of lattice paths on lozenge tilings of certain partial hexagonal domains. The ‐representation multiplicity is given as a determinant formula using the Lindström–Gessel–Viennot lemma and as a product formula. These admit natural ‐analogs that we show equals the ‐dimension of a ‐representation (up to an overall factor of ), giving a refined version of the combinatorial skew Howe duality. Using these product formulas (at ), we take the infinite rank limit and prove that the diagrams converge uniformly to the limit shape.