bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Revealing the influence of temperature and moisture content on electrophysical parameters of raw apple materials
Authors: Savoiskyi Oleksandr , Sirenko Viktor 
Published: May 2023

Additional heating of fruit raw materials in the drying process by direct passage of alternating electric current makes it possible to intensify the dehydration process by 3–5 times.
The amount of added thermal energy during direct electric heating depends, first of all, on the value of the specific electrical resistance of the raw material. Therefore, the list of necessary properties of the material must necessarily include the specific electrical resistance of the raw material as an integral indicator.
During drying with additional direct electric heating, the concentration of dry soluble substances, which directly depends on the moisture content of the studied raw material, and its temperature change throughout the drying time. This indicates a change in specific electrical resistance during the dehydration process. It was determined that the initial resistivity of apples before drying at a temperature of 20 °C and a moisture content of 8 kg/kg is within 195–220 Ohm•m, which indicates the high conductivity of the material.
With a decrease in moisture content from 8 to 6 kg/kg, the specific electrical resistance of the raw material decreases by 25–30 % compared to the initial values. With a further decrease in moisture content below 6 kg/kg, the electrical resistivity of the raw material begins to gradually increase.
At the same time as the temperature rises, there is a significant decrease in specific electrical resistance. When heating raw materials from 25 to 55 °C, the value of specific resistance decreases by 10–13 times.
The equation of the dependence of the specific electrical resistance of apple raw material on its moisture content and temperature for the studied apple varieties was obtained.
The obtained results of the change in the value of the specific resistance provide the necessary data for the development of an energy-saving technological device for drying fruits and the selection of optimal processing conditions in compliance with quality indicators
Dengue fever in Nigeria: a mini review
Authors: Tizhe Daniel Thakuma , Dashe Dentsen Fortune , Kwaga Jacob Kwada Paghi 
Published: May 2023

Dengue is a disease caused by dengue virus. It is a major mosquito-borne viral disease of humans that is endemic in areas of tropical and subtropical regions, which are environmentally suitable for vector propagation. The disease poses a major threat to the overwhelmed and weak public healthcare delivery system in the developing world, especially in Africa where febrile illnesses are common. The disease undermines the fight against febrile illnesses as infection with dengue often remains undetected or misdiagnosed as malaria or other febrile diseases. This review article highlights dengue epidemiology in Nigeria, dengue transmission dynamics, pathogenesis, diagnosis and current interventions strategies, challenges in addressing dengue infection and future prospects towards dengue elimination. The literature search for publications on dengue virus infection in Nigeria was performed using Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, African Journals Online and other scholarly online databases. Dengue remains a threat to Nigeria and other African countries. In Nigeria, the occurrence of this infection remains a low priority in the public health sector even though it has been reported in about 17 states across the country. The reports of dengue infection in all the geo-political zones suggests active transmission of dengue, hence the need to consider other etiologies of febrile illnesses and engage the public to sustain local involvement as local risk to dengue outbreaks is linked to the population’s knowledge, attitude and behavioral practices that encourage vector breeding
Low-cost treatment method for organic matter and nutrients in landfill leachate
Authors: Perera G. R. Y. , Dayanthi W. K. C. Neetha 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

In this study, the ability of low-cost composite adsorbents to treat organic compounds in terms of chemical oxygen demand (COD), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (TP) was investigated. The composite adsorbents were composed of washed sea sand (WSS), dewatered alum sludge (DAS), zero-valent iron (ZVI), and granular activated carbon (GAC). The removal efficiency of COD in landfill leachate by a composite adsorbent (composed of WSS (40%), DAS (40%), ZVI (10%), and GAC (10%) in weight) was 79.93 ± 1.95%. The corresponding adsorption capacity was 8.5 mg/g. During batch sorption experiments, the maximum COD removal efficiencies given by DAS, WSS, ZVI, and GAC were 16, 51.3, 42, and 100.0%, respectively. The maximum removal efficiencies of the above composite adsorbent for TN and TP were 84.9 and 97.4%, respectively, and the adsorption capacities were 1.85 and 0.55 mg/g, respectively. The Elovich isotherm model gave the best fit for COD, TN, and TP adsorption. This composite adsorbent can treat more than one contaminant simultaneously. The application of DAS and ZVI to make an efficient adsorbent for wastewater treatment would be a good re-use application for them, which would otherwise be landfilled directly after their generation.
The Impact of lncRNA-GAS5/miRNA-200/ACE2 Molecular Pathway
on the Severity of COVID-19
Authors: Ayeldeen Ghada , Shaker Olfat G. , Amer Eman , Zaafan Mai A. , Herzalla Mohamed R. , Keshk Mofida A. , Abdelhamid Amr M. 
Published: May 2023

Background:
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV-
2), which is responsible for coronavirus disease (COVID-19), potentially has severe
adverse effects, leading to public health crises worldwide. In COVID-19, deficiency of
ACE-2 is linked to increased inflammation and cytokine storms via increased angiotensin
II levels and decreased ACE-2/Mas receptor axis activity. MiRNAs are small
sequences of noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression by binding to the targeted
mRNAs. MiR-200 dysfunction has been linked to the development of ARDS following
acute lung injury and has been proposed as a key regulator of ACE2 expression. LncRNA
growth arrest-specific transcript 5 (GAS5) has been recently studied for its modulatory
effect on the miRNA-200/ACE2 axis.

Objective:
The current study aims to investigate the role of lncRNA GAS5, miRNA-200,
and ACE2 as new COVID-19 diagnostic markers capable of predicting the severity of
SARS-CoV-2 complications.

Methods:
A total of 280 subjects were classified into three groups: COVID-19-negative
controls (n = 80), and COVID-19 patients (n=200) who required hospitalization were
classified into two groups: group (2) moderate cases (n = 112) and group (3) severe cases
(n = 88).

Results:
The results showed that the serum GAS5 expression was significantly down-expressed
in COVID-19 patients; as a consequence, the expression of miR-200 was reported
to be overexpressed and its targeted ACE2 was down-regulated. The ROC curve was
drawn to examine the diagnostic abilities of GAS5, miR-200, and ACE2, yielding high diagnostic
accuracy with high sensitivity and specificity.

Conclusion:
lncRNA-GAS5, miRNA-200, and ACE2 panels presented great diagnostic
potential as they demonstrated the highest diagnostic accuracy for discriminating moderate
COVID-19 and severe COVID-19 cases.
Study on Fu-Fang-Jin-Qian-Cao Inhibiting Autophagy in Calcium Oxalate-induced Renal Injury by UHPLC/Q-TOF-MS-based Metabonomics
and Network Pharmacology Approaches
Authors: Liu Wen-Rui , Li Mao-Ting , Zhou Qi , Gao Song-Yan , Hou Jie-Bin , Yang Guo-Bin , Liu Nan-Mei , Jia-Yan  , Yu Jian-Peng , Cheng Jin , Guo Zhi-Yong 
Published: May 2023

Introduction:
Fu-Fang-Jin-Qian-Cao is a Chinese herbal preparation used to treat urinary
calculi. Fu-Fang-Jin-Qian-Cao can protect renal tubular epithelial cells from calcium oxalateinduced
renal injury by inhibiting ROS-mediated autopathy. The mechanism still needs further exploration.
Metabonomics is a new subject; the combination of metabolomics and network pharmacology
can find pathways for drugs to act on targets more efficiently.

Methods:
Comprehensive metabolomics and network pharmacology to study the mechanism of
Fu-Fang-Jin-Qian-Cao inhibiting autophagy in calcium oxalate-induced renal injury. Based on
UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS, combined with biochemical analysis, a mice model of Calcium oxalateinduced
renal injury was established to study the therapeutic effect of Fu-Fang-Jin-Qian-Cao.
Based on the network pharmacology, the target signaling pathway and the protective effect of Fu-
Fang-Jin-Qian-Cao on Calcium oxalate-induced renal injury by inhibiting autophagy were explored.
Autophagy-related proteins LC3-II, BECN1, ATG5, and ATG7 were studied by immunohistochemistry.

Results:
Combining network pharmacology and metabolomics, 50 differential metabolites and
2482 targets related to these metabolites were found. Subsequently, the targets enriched in PI3KAkt,
MAPK and Ras signaling pathways. LC3-II, BECN1, ATG5 and ATG7 were up-regulated in
Calcium oxalate-induced renal injury. All of them could be reversed after the Fu-Fang-Jin-Qian-
Cao treatment.

Conclusions:
Fu-Fang-Jin-Qian-Cao can reverse ROS-induced activation of the MAPK signaling
pathway and inhibition of the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, thereby reducing autophagy damage of
renal tubular epithelial cells in Calcium oxalate-induced renal injury.
Various Effects of the GABAergic System on Cancer: The Conditions and
Specificities of its use in the Treatment of Some Cancers
Authors: Dehkordi Hossein Tahmasebi , Ghasemi Sorayya , Eliyasi Dashtaki Masoumeh 
Published: May 2023

Abstract:
GABA is an essential neurotransmitter in tissues other than the brain and has different functions. Cancer displays dysfunctional GABAergic system roles, comprising GAD, GABA, and GABA receptors. Both tumor-suppressing and carcinogenic characteristics of the GABAergic sys-tem have been reported in several malignancies. In the development of cancer cells, it plays onco-genesis-related roles. However, in some tumors, such as pancreatic cancer, it exhibits anti-cancer benefits in numerous human trials and animal models. As a result, GABAergic therapy may be used to treat cancer. The oxidative condition and the status of several malignant circumstances signifi-cantly influence the final GABAergic function in many tumors. Depending on the type of malignant tissue and other modifications, these roles manifest differently in malignancies. In this review, we, for the first time, concentrated on the oncogenic and tumor suppressor functions of GABA in va-rious neoplasms, as well as its potential therapeutic implications. The significance of tumor suppressor function and the conditions that promote its function as a cancer genesis factor in cancer are discussed in this article.
A Comprehensive Review on MRI-based Knee Joint Segmentation and Analysis
Techniques
Authors: Mahendrakar Pavan , Kumar Dileep , Patil Uttam 
Published: May 2023

Abstract:
Using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in osteoarthritis pathogenesis research has proven extremely beneficial. However, it is always
challenging for both clinicians and researchers to detect morphological changes in knee joints from magnetic resonance (MR) imaging since the
surrounding tissues produce identical signals in MR studies, making it difficult to distinguish between them. Segmenting the knee bone, articular
cartilage and menisci from the MR images allows one to examine the complete volume of the bone, articular cartilage, and menisci. It can also be
used to assess certain characteristics quantitatively. However, segmentation is a laborious and time-consuming operation that requires sufficient
training to complete correctly. With the advancement of MRI technology and computational methods, researchers have developed several
algorithms to automate the task of individual knee bone, articular cartilage and meniscus segmentation during the last two decades. This systematic
review aims to present available fully and semi-automatic segmentation methods for knee bone, cartilage, and meniscus published in different
scientific articles. This review provides a vivid description of the scientific advancements to clinicians and researchers in this field of image
analysis and segmentation, which helps the development of novel automated methods for clinical applications. The review also contains the
recently developed fully automated deep learning-based methods for segmentation, which not only provides better results compared to the
conventional techniques but also open a new field of research in Medical Imaging.
Exploring the Mechanisms of Self-made Kuiyu Pingchang Recipe for the
Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis and Irritable Bowel Syndrome using a
Network Pharmacology-based Approach and Molecular Docking
Authors: Wen Yong , Wang Xiaoxiang , Si Ke , Xu Ling , Huang Shuoyang , Zhan Yu 
Published: May 2023

Background:
Ulcerative colitis (UC) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) are common
intestinal diseases. According to the clinical experience and curative effect, the authors formulated
Kuiyu Pingchang Decoction (KYPCD) comprised of Paeoniae radix alba, Aurantii Fructus,
Herba euphorbiae humifusae, Lasiosphaera seu Calvatia, Angelicae sinensis radix, Panax ginseng
C.A. Mey., Platycodon grandiforus and Allium azureum Ledeb.

Objective:
The aim of the present study was to explore the mechanisms of KYPCD in the treatment
of UC and IBS following the Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) theory of “Treating different
diseases with the same treatment”.

Methods:
The chemical ingredients and targets of KYPCD were obtained using the Traditional
Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology database and analysis platform (TCMSP). The targets
of UC and IBS were extracted using the DisGeNET, GeneCards, DrugBANK, OMIM and TTD
databases. The “TCM-component-target” network and the “TCM-shared target-disease” network
were imaged using Cytoscape software. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was built
using the STRING database. The DAVID platform was used to analyze the Gene Ontology (GO)
and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways. Using Autodock Tools software,
the main active components of KYPCD were molecularly docked with their targets and visualized
using PyMOL.

Results:
A total of 46 active ingredients of KYPCD corresponding to 243 potential targets, 1,565
targets of UC and 1,062 targets of IBS, and 70 targets among active ingredients and two diseases
were screened. Core targets in the PPI network included IL6, TNF, AKT1, IL1B, TP53, EGFR
and VEGFA. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis demonstrated 563 biological processes, 48 cellular
components, 82 molecular functions and 144 signaling pathways. KEGG enrichment results
revealed that the regulated pathways were mainly related to the PI3K-AKT, MAPK, HIF-1 and
IL-17 pathways. The results of molecular docking analysis indicated that the core active ingredients
of KYPCD had optimal binding activity to their corresponding targets.

Conclusion:
KYPCD may use IL6, TNF, AKT1, IL1B, TP53, EGFR and VEGFA as the key targets
to achieve the treatment of UC and IBS through the PI3K-AKT, MAPK, HIF-1 and IL-17
pathways.
Structure-based Virtual Screening and Molecular Dynamic Simulation
Approach for the Identification of Terpenoids as Potential DPP-4 Inhibitors
Authors: Pulikkottil Ajay Aravind , Kumar Amit , Jangid Kailash , Kumar Vinod , Jaitak Vikas 
Published: May 2023

Background:
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder where insulin secretion is compromised,
leading to hyperglycemia. DPP-4 is a viable and safer target for type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Computational tools have proven to be an asset in the process of drug discovery.

Objective:
In the present study, tools like structure-based virtual screening, MM/GBSA, and
pharmacokinetic parameters were used to identify natural terpenoids as potential DPP-4 inhibitors
for treating diabetes mellitus.

Methods:
Structure-based virtual screening, a cumulative mode of elimination technique, was
adopted, identifying the top five potent hit compounds depending on the docking score and nonbonding
interactions.

Results:
According to the docking data, the most important contributors to complex stability are
hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic interactions, and Pi-Pi stacking interactions. The dock scores
ranged from -6.492 to -5.484 kcal/mol, indicating robust ligand-protein interactions. The pharmacokinetic
characteristics of top-scoring hits (CNP0309455, CNP0196061, CNP0122006, CNP0
221869, CNP0297378) were also computed in this study, confirming their safe administration in
the human body. Also, based on the synthetic accessibility score, all top-scored hits are easily
synthesizable. Compound CNP0309455 was quite stable during molecular dynamic simulation
studies.

Conclusion:
Virtual database screening yielded new leads for developing DPP-4 inhibitors. As a
result, the findings of this study can be used to design and develop natural terpenoids as DPP-4
inhibitors for the medication of diabetes mellitus.
Pendidikan karakter kemandirian peserta didik sekolah dasar melalui bermain sepakbola empat gawang
Authors: Suryobroto Agus Sumhendartin , Jiménez José Vicente García 
Published: May 2023

Pendidikan jasmani potensial untuk meningkatkan karakter peserta didik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengembangkan permainan sepakbola empat gawang dalam menanamkan pendidikan karakter kemandirian peserta didik sekolah dasar (SD) kelas atas. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dan pengembangan yang terdiri atas dua tahapan yaitu tahap prapengembangan dan tahap pengembangan. Tahap pra-pengembangan terdiri atas kajian literatur, kajian penelitian relevan, dan studi lapangan. Tahap pengembangan terdiri penyusunan draft model, validasi ahli, ujicoba terbatas, dan ujicoba luas. Validasi melibatkan 2 orang ahli (1 orang ahli materi sepakbola dan 1-orang ahli sarana dan prasarana penjas). Uji coba skala terbatas dilakukan terhadap 16 peserta didik kelas V dan 1 orang guru Pendidikan Jasmani SD. Uji coba skala luas dilakukan pada 40 peserta didik yang mewakili empat kelas peserta didik kelas V dan VI SD Negeri Tegalrejo I Yogyakarta. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data adalah lembar observasi untuk menilai kemandirian peserta didik. Analisis data pada tahap prapengembangan dan pengembangan menggunakan teknik analisis deskripsi kuantitatif. Hasil yang dicapai dalam penelitian ini adalah produk yaitu panduan permainan sepakbola empat gawang lengkap dengan aturan main serta DVD rekaman pelaksanaan bermain sepakbola empat gawang dalam pendidikan karakter kemandirian bagi peserta didik di SD kelas atas yang dapat menanamkan kemandirian. Physical education has the potential to improve the character of students. The purpose of this study was to develop a four-goal soccer game in instilling independent character education for upper-class elementary school (SD) students. This research is research and development which consists of two stages, namely the pre-development stage and the development stage. The pre-development stage consists of a literature review, relevant research studies, and field studies. The development stage consists of preparing a draft model, expert validation, limited trials, and extensive trials. The validation involved 2 experts (1 expert on football materials and 1 expert on physical education facilities and infrastructure). A limited scale trial was conducted on 16 grade V students and 1 elementary school Physical Education teacher. The wide-scale trial was conducted on 40 students representing four classes of students in grades V and VI of SD Negeri Tegalrejo I Yogyakarta. The instrument used to collect data is an observation sheet to assess student independence. Data analysis at the pre-development and development stages used quantitative description analysis techniques. The results achieved in this study were a product, namely a four-goal soccer game guide complete with rules of the game and DVD recordings of playing four-goal soccer in self-reliance character education for students in upper grade elementary schools who can instill independence.
Evolution of the Norms of Domestic Legislation about the Criminal Legal Impact in Relation to Minors
Authors: Krylov N. G. 
Published: May 2023

Relevance. The article deals with the issues of the age of criminal responsibility of minors and the criminal legal impact on this category of persons at different stages of the Russian state in an inseparable unity, reveals their essential nature and prospects for development, as well as the historical conditions for the adoption of certain normative legal acts. According to the author, the main feature of the evolution of domestic legislation on criminal legal impact on minors is a gradual increase in the age of prosecution, based on taking into account the psychophysiological characteristics of this category of persons.The purpose of the study is to trace the path taken by the domestic legislator in the direction of finding the optimal balance of humanistic and repressive principles in the content and forms of criminal legal influence on minors.Objectives: to identify the genesis and evolution of criminal penalties and other measures of criminal legal impact on minors under domestic legislation; to reflect the features of criminal penalties and other measures of a criminal legal nature, taking into account the historical context of the development of the state and law.Methodology. The basis of writing the article was general scientific methods (analysis, synthesis, comparison, historical method), private scientific, including special legal (formal legal, comparative legal methods of cognition).Results. As a result of the conducted research, it was determined that in its development the institution of criminal responsibility and punishment of minors has passed a fairly long way. Having first appeared only in the XVIII century, it underwent changes over time, adapted to the existing conditions, the parameters of criminal responsibility of the rest of the population. One thing remained constant – the institution under review for a significant part of the history of criminal law occupied a special position due to the role assigned to minors as socially unprotected strata of society.Conclusion. Educational components should always be present in the content and forms of criminal legal influence on minors, the humanistic principle should noticeably prevail over the repressive one, and taking into account personal characteristics should result in a thorough individualization of criminal responsibility.