bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Carbapenemase‐Producing Enterobacterales: An Increasing Threat to Australian Liver Transplant Recipients
Authors: Kamaladasa Dinuli , Liu Ken , Dolan Leanne , Hal Sebastiaan J van , Lee Andie , Marinelli Tina 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIntroductionCarbapenemase‐producing Enterobacterales (CPE) are associated with increased morbidity and mortality in liver transplant recipients (LTRs). There is a paucity of data regarding CPE colonization and infection in Australian LTRs.MethodsA single‐center retrospective cohort study of CPE was performed in LTRs from 2015 to 2024. LTRs underwent targeted screening and a period of enhanced screening to evaluate the incidence of CPE colonization. CPE infections were identified via clinical samples. All CPE isolates underwent whole genome sequencing. CPE isolation rates in LTRs were compared to the general hospital population and trends over time were analyzed.ResultsThere were 31 episodes of CPE isolation (5 community acquired, 26 healthcare associated) from 28 LTRs. Nine episodes of CPE infection were found: urinary tract (n = 3), bloodstream (n = 3), wound/abscess (n = 2), and Salmonella gastroenteritis (n = 1). The remaining 22 episodes represented new CPE colonization. CPE Klebsiella pneumoniae was the most common bacterial species (n = 12) with the New Delhi metallo‐β‐lactamase (n = 13), the most common CPE gene detected. CPE isolation rates in LTRs increased over the study period (p = 0.06). The overall rate of CPE infection was significantly higher in LTRs than the general hospital population (1.92 vs. 0.30 per 10 000 occupied bed days, p = 0.04). Enhanced CPE screening identified an additional eight episodes of CPE colonization in 415 patients screened (1.9%).ConclusionCPE is an emerging threat for Australian LTRs and there is an urgent need to optimize strategies to prevent CPE colonization and infection in LTRs.
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Real‐World Experience With Maribavir for Treatment of Refractory or Resistant Cytomegalovirus Infection in Hematopoietic Cell Transplant Recipients and Hematologic Malignancy Patients
Authors: Daher Marilyne , Khawaja Fareed , Spallone Amy , Shigle Terri L , Bhatti Micah , Vuong Nancy N , Ariza‐Heredia Ella J , Mulanovich Victor , Champlin Richard E. , Chemaly Roy F 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundRefractory and/or resistant (R/R) cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a serious complication after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). Maribavir, an oral antiviral agent, was approved in November 2021 for the treatment of R/R CMV in transplant recipients. However, real‐world data on the use of maribavir in HCT recipients and hematologic malignancy (HM) patients are limited. We described our early experience with the use of maribavir in the year after its Food and Drug Administration approval in HCT recipients and HM patients.MethodsWe performed a retrospective study of all patients who received maribavir for treatment of CMV infection at our center from November 2021 to December 2022. Clinical characteristics and outcomes of CMV infection were collected for each case. Descriptive statistics were calculated.ResultsOur study included 13 patients (11 of whom were HCT recipients and two with HM) who received a median of 58 days of maribavir therapy. While on maribavir, nine (69%) patients had a resolution of CMV infection. Treatment‐emergent maribavir resistance was documented in one patient with a CMV UL97 C480F mutation. Patients with higher baseline viral loads were less likely to achieve CMV resolution compared to those with lower levels. Additionally, six patients received combination therapy with maribavir. Six patients developed dysgeusia, none requiring maribavir discontinuation.ConclusionMaribavir is an effective and safe option for the treatment of R/R CMV infections in HCT recipients and HM patients. Our study highlights the complexities of managing CMV infections in this patient population and some challenges associated with maribavir therapy.
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Comparison between single‐chamber and dual‐chamber photocatalytic fuel cell on synthetic dye removal efficiency and power generation
Authors: Liu Jia Chee , Niang Antonio Choon Kiat Anak , Tay Meng Guan 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPhotocatalytic fuel cell (PFC) is the combination of photocatalysis and fuel cell that can be used to treat wastewater and produce electrical energy simultaneously. Dual‐chamber photocatalytic fuel cell (DCPFC) has been reported to have better performance than single‐chamber photocatalytic fuel cell (SCPFC) because of the ability to prevent the electron–hole recombination in DCPFC. But there was not many side‐by‐side studies found in the literature to compare the performance in between SCPFC and DCPFC. This study presents a comprehensive comparison at different parameter between typical SCPFC and DCPFC for the synthetic methyl red dye degradation and power generation under different conditions. The performance of PFC influenced by the electron transfer driven by potential difference between two electrodes. SCPFC system suffers from the fast recombination of electron–hole pairs. In the present study, a DCPFC setup was setup by separating the photoanode and cathode into two different chambers to prevent the rapid electron–hole recombination. Both types of PFC used ZnO/Zn as photoanode to treat the 10 ppm synthetic methyl red dye solution at pH 4. The DCPFC achieved a highest power generation (130.24 mW/cm2) and 100% dye degradation, significantly outperforming than SCPFC which obtained the highest power generation (59.85 mW/cm2) and 12.23% dye degradation. The ZnO/Zn photoanode can be reused twice in DCPFC but only once in SCPFC. This study highlights the advantages of DCPFC in its' performance, and hence, the design can be served as a model for the future reference. Indeed, the output of the research aligns with SDGs in clean water, clean energy, and life below water.
Use of Brain Death Recipients in Xenotransplantation: A Double‐Edged Sword
Authors: Du Xingchao , Chang Yuan , Song Jiangping 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTOrgan transplants are used to treat many end‐stage diseases, but a shortage of donors means many patients cannot be treated. Xenogeneic organs have become an important part of filling the donor gap. Many current studies of kidney, heart, and liver xenotransplantation have used gene‐edited pig organs on brain‐dead recipients. However, the endocrine system, immune system, and nervous system of brain‐dead people are changed, which are different from that of real patients transplanted, and the current research results of brain death (BD) recipients are also different. So there are drawbacks to using brain‐dead people for xenotransplantation. In addition, although the policy requires the use of non‐human primate (NHP) experiments as the research standard for xenotransplantation, there are still differences between NHP and humans in terms of immunity. Therefore, to better study xenotransplantation, new models may be needed in addition to NHP and brain‐dead individuals. Humanized animal models or organoids may be able to fill this gap.
Mechanical Vibration Regulates Differentiation and Proliferation of Neural Stem Cells
Authors: Shiraishi Toshihiko , Eguchi Hiroaki , Kanno Hiroshi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
For the regeneration of the central nervous system, neural stem cells have been proposed as graft donors. Conventional studies have used biochemical factors to induce their differentiation into neurons and to enhance axon elongation. However, few studies have been reported on the effects of mechanical factors on neural stem cells. In this study, we show that mechanical vibration directs the differentiation of neural stem cells into neuronal cells, elongates their axons, and increases the number of differentiated cells. We found that the 25 Hz and 0.5 G vibration promoted the differentiation of neural stem cells into neuronal-marker-positive cells expressing neurofilament heavy polypeptide by 2.5-fold compared to the control conditions and increased the number of differentiated cells with axons longer than 10 μm by 1.5-fold at 7 days of culture. Furthermore, we found that the total number of differentiated and undifferentiated cells in the vibration condition reached 2.9-fold more than the control condition and that this effect depended on the frequency and acceleration. We anticipate our system to facilitate further studies using mechanical vibration such as regenerative therapy using neural stem cells and the elucidation of differentiation mechanisms in neural stem cells.
Evaluation of the Structural Suitability of Lifting Trunnions in Large Pressure Vessels
Authors: Dharmalingam Mathimukilan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Pressure vessels are designed to meet operational requirements, and their primary purpose is to maintain the required pressure without sustaining damage. In addition, pressure vessels must be equipped with appropriate attachments to allow for proper lifting, transportation, and erection. When designing a pressure vessel, it is important to consider the size of the trunnion structure and the location of such lifting trunnions. Compared with normal pressure vessels, large pressure vessels are very heavy and can weigh up to several tons. Because of the substantial weight, the lifting components of pressure vessels can fail during erection and transportation if they are not properly designed. Several analyses, including Welding Research Council Bulletin 107 (WRC 107), must be performed to predict the failure of these components. Such predictive evaluations can prevent errors at the site. This study validates methods for evaluating the structural suitability of lifting trunnions used in the erection and lifting of large pressure vessels.
Constraint Effect and Crack-Tip Plastic Zone of the Pipe With Internal Inclined Surface Cracks Under External Pressure
Authors: Pei Qi , Yao Xi-Ming , Jin Li-Zhu , Zhou Chang-Yu 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
To improve the accuracy of reliability assessment, it is essential to conduct a comprehensive investigation into the constraint effect and the characteristics of the crack-tip plastic zone in a pipe with internal inclined surface cracks. We propose a novel analytical solution for the crack-tip plastic zone in a mixed mode I–II–III crack, based on the von Mises yield criterion, which includes stress intensity factors (SIFs) KII and KIII. We have examined the impact of several factors, including aspect ratio (a/c), crack depth (a/t), crack inclination angle (β), and friction coefficient (μ), on the in-plane constraint (T11), out-of-plane constraint (T33 and Tz), as well as the unified constraint (h) of a pipe containing internal inclined surface cracks under external pressure. The research reveals that geometrical configurations (aspect ratio and crack depth) have varying effects on the four constraint parameters, depending on their location along the crack front. The influence is relatively minor at the crack surface and the deepest point but becomes most pronounced at the middle point of the crack front. Additionally, the friction factor exclusively impacts the unified constraint parameter. Furthermore, we observed that the crack-tip plastic zone displays a mixed mode II–III crack at the free surface and a pure III mode at the deepest point.
Resistance Training and the Risk of Breast Cancer: A Population-Based Case–Control Study
Authors: Modi Hiya Deepak , Byrne Stephanie , Li L.S. Katrina , Boyle Terry 
Published: January 2025

Background: Convincing evidence supports that moderate to vigorous intensity physical activity decreases the risk of breast cancer. However, less is known about the role specific domains of physical activity play in breast cancer prevention, such as resistance training (RT). This case–control study investigated the association between RT and breast cancer risk. Methods: The Breast Cancer Environment and Employment Study was a population-based case–control study conducted in women aged 18–80 years in Western Australia from 2009 to 2011. Information about demographic, lifestyle, and clinical risk factors of breast cancer was collected via self-administered questionnaire. Participants retrospectively recalled their recreational physical activities for 3 different age periods: 15–24, 25–39, and 40+ years. Data were available from 1149 cases and 1710 controls. Logistic regression was used to examine the relationship between RT and breast cancer risk, after adjusting for a range of confounders. Results: The prevalence of RT ranged from 2% to 11% across the different age periods. Compared with doing none, engaging in RT versus during the age period of 15–24 years was associated with a 52% lower risk of breast cancer (adjusted odds ratio: 0.48; 95% confidence interval, 0.25–0.91). However, no associations were observed for the latter 2 age periods or lifetime RT. Conclusion: These findings provide preliminary evidence that RT in early adulthood may be associated with a lower risk of breast cancer; however, there was no association between RT and breast cancer risk in the older age periods. Further research is required.
Perceived Athlete Scandal Severity: Scale Development and Validation
Authors: Seo Yeo Jung , Ahn Jin Woo , Lee Joon Sung 
Published: January 2025

Despite the significance of scandal severity in determining consumer responses to athlete scandals, a notable gap persists in the systematic understanding of perceived athlete scandal severity (PASS). The present study addresses this gap through three objectives: (a) identifying dimensions of PASS; (b) developing a multidimensional measurement scale; and (c) testing the validity of the PASS scale. Our systematic approach, which included an extensive literature review, open-ended surveys, and quantitative verification, led to the identification of eight dimensions that serve as formative indicators of the PASS scale: harm, illegality, media attention, intentionality, sport integrity-relatedness, transgression history, personal relevance, and cultural background. By developing and validating the PASS scale, this study opens avenues for further exploration into consumers’ multifaceted responses to athlete scandals. The PASS scale also equips marketing managers to make informed decisions based on the severity of athlete scandals, facilitating the implementation of effective crisis-management strategies.
Assessing Children’s Adherence to the Interrupting Prolonged Sitting With Activity at Home Intervention: A Mixed Methods Study
Authors: Beemer Lexie R. , Eisman Andria B. , Templin Thomas , Robinson Leah E. , Miller Alison , Tackett Wendy , Marenus Michele , Hasson Rebecca E. 
Published: January 2025

Background: Promoting physical activity (PA) among children is critical for their overall health and development. Despite the availability of various interventions, adherence to structured PA programs remains a challenge, particularly in home settings. The Interrupting Prolonged Sitting with Activity (InPACT) at Home program was designed to address this issue by offering a flexible and accessible means for children to engage in regular PA. However, understanding the factors that influence adherence to such interventions is essential for optimizing their effectiveness. Purpose: To examine adherence to the InPACT at Home intervention and potential barriers and facilitators. Methods: A sequential mixed methods design was used. Children ages 7–12 years engaged in a 20-day intervention where they were asked to complete three, 8-min InPACT at Home PA videos, 5 days per week. Informed by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Science Research 2.0 framework, individual characteristics, intervention characteristics, and inner setting characteristics were assessed via interviews. Results: On average, participants engaged in 2.2 out of three exercise videos per day. Twenty-one out of 88 participants (23.9%) completed all videos. Individual characteristics, including parent support and intervention design/compatibility were identified as facilitators. Intervention characteristics, including adaptability, and inner setting structural characteristics and compatibility with the home environment were identified as barriers. Conclusions: This study suggests that, on average, children accumulated 12–16 additional minutes of daily PA through the InPACT at Home program. However, implementation strategies may be needed to enhance adherence.
Chasing Meaningfulness in Spanish Physical Education: Old and New Features
Authors: Saiz-González Pablo , Sierra-Díaz Jacob , Iglesias Damián , Fernandez-Rio Javier 
Published: January 2025

Purpose: The meaningful physical education (PE) approach aims to prioritize meaningful experiences for and with learners. However, most of the previous literature has been produced in a particular context: English-speaking countries. Thus, the goal of this study was to analyze positive experiences in Spanish PE using this approach. Method: A qualitative research approach based on open-ended questions was implemented among 454 preservice teachers. A modification of the reflexive thematic analysis approach was adopted to include the Meaningful PE features. When responses did not fit into any of the existing features and clustered around new themes, we proposed new features. Results: Positive experiences were predominantly explained by the features of the Meaningful PE approach, although some testimonies could not be categorized under the established features of this model, leading to the proposal of three new features: novelty, teacher interpersonal style, and relief. Discussion/Conclusion: These findings suggest the use of democratic and reflective pedagogies to connect with the needs of contemporary learners. By adopting this approach, it will be possible to make PE a site for inclusion and a life-wide learning space.
Going Back to Pre-conflict Identities
Authors: Dikyurt Ahmet Emre 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study examines the creation of the Cypriot diaspora in the United Kingdom and how British Cypriots have embraced a pre-conflict Cypriot identity. Thousands of Turkish and Greek Cypriots were displaced as a result of ethnic conflicts in Cyprus during the 1960s as well as in 1974. This study, modelled as an interdisciplinary investigation, examines how scholars have viewed the Cypriot diaspora over time and consequently have created a history of this diasporic population’s shift in identity through memory preservation, collective community-building and ideas of home and belonging. Analysing previous research on the Cypriot diaspora and the data retrieved from semi-structured interviews and participant observation, this study argues that the Cypriot diaspora in the UK has created a new home and sense of belonging similar to that during the pre-British protectorate period of Cyprus, and that this displaced population’s view of ‘Cypriot-ness’ has affected their ideas of home and belonging.
Blood biomarker profiles in young-onset neurocognitive disorders: A cohort study
Authors: Bhalala Oneil G , Beamish Jessica , Eratne Dhamidhu , Summerell Patrick , Porter Tenielle , Laws Simon M , Kang Matthew JY , Huq Aamira J , Chiu Wei-Hsuan , Cadwallader Claire , Walterfang Mark , Farrand Sarah , Evans Andrew H , Kelso Wendy , Churilov Leonid , Watson Rosie , Yassi Nawaf , Velakoulis Dennis , Loi Samantha M 
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Young-onset neurocognitive symptoms result from a heterogeneous group of neurological and psychiatric disorders which present a diagnostic challenge. To identify such factors, we analysed the Biomarkers in Younger-Onset Neurocognitive Disorders cohort, a study of individuals <65 years old presenting with neurocognitive symptoms for a diagnosis and who have undergone cognitive and biomarker analyses. Methods: Sixty-five participants (median age at assessment of 56 years, 45% female) were recruited during their index presentation to the Royal Melbourne Hospital Neuropsychiatry Centre, a tertiary specialist service in Melbourne, Australia, and categorized as either early-onset Alzheimer’s disease ( n = 18), non-Alzheimer’s disease neurodegeneration ( n = 23) or primary psychiatric disorders ( n = 24). Levels of neurofilament light chain, glial fibrillary acidic protein and phosphorylated-tau 181, apolipoprotein E genotype and late-onset Alzheimer’s disease polygenic risk scores were determined. Information-theoretic model selection identified discriminatory factors. Results: Neurofilament light chain, glial fibrillary acidic protein and phosphorylated-tau 181 levels were elevated in early-onset Alzheimer’s disease compared with other diagnostic categories. A multi-omic model selection identified that a combination of cognitive and blood biomarkers, but not the polygenic risk score, discriminated between early-onset Alzheimer’s disease and primary psychiatric disorders (area under the curve ⩾ 0.975, 95% confidence interval: 0.825–1.000). Phosphorylated-tau 181 alone significantly discriminated between early-onset Alzheimer’s disease and non-Alzheimer’s disease neurodegeneration causes (area under the curve = 0.950, 95% confidence interval: 0.877–1.00). Discussion: Discriminating between early-onset Alzheimer’s disease, non-Alzheimer’s disease neurodegeneration and primary psychiatric disorders causes of young-onset neurocognitive symptoms is possible by combining cognitive profiles with blood biomarkers. These results support utilizing blood biomarkers for the work-up of young-onset neurocognitive symptoms and highlight the need for the development of a young-onset Alzheimer’s disease-specific polygenic risk score.
Structuring Palliative Care Education for Medical Students: Impact of a Novel Framework and Pocket Card
Authors: Manning Margot , Beyer Logan N. , Tolchin Dorothy W. 
Published: January 2025

Introduction Palliative care (PC) education is not uniformly provided across U.S. medical schools. While PC competencies for medical students have been articulated, no student-facing, unifying framework for competency-based PC learning exists. Methods In 2022, we developed a student-facing organizing framework (the “6 Ps”) based on existing PC competencies and created a pocket card introducing foundational PC concepts organized within the 6 Ps framework. In 2023, we provided a mandatory 15-minute session to introduce the 6 Ps and pocket card to the first-year class of our large, urban medical school. We provided voluntary pre- and post- session surveys to evaluate usability and impact of the framework and pocket card. Results One hundred-twenty students of the 204-student class (59%) attended. Survey response rate was 106/120 (88%) pre-session and 101/120 (84%) post-session. Following the session, students agreed the 6 Ps was a good framework for conceptualizing PC (95/101; 94%), that the pocket card was understandable (96/101; 95%), and they would use the pocket card to teach fellow students about PC (85/101; 84%). Nearly all students endorsed learning novel concepts (95/100; 95%). Pre/post session comparison of self-assessed confidence approaching hypothetical clinical tasks, such as educating a patient about PC and hospice, revealed significant improvement ( P < .01). Discussion First-year medical students were able to use the 6 Ps framework and pocket card after a brief introduction, endorsing new learning and demonstrating significant gains in knowledge and self-assessed confidence. Medical educators across schools may consider adopting this novel tool and approach to introduce or support student learning about PC.