bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New Species of Protists Involved in Meningitis and Encephalitis in Peru: Morphology Description
Authors: Cabello-Vílchez Alfonso Martín 
Published: March 2023

Background: Free-living amoebas (FLA), also amebas, are eukaryotic and mitochondrial microorganisms that are capable of growing in any environment, aquatic or terrestrial. These free-living amoebas are mostly non-pathogenic to humans. However, there exist some highly pathogenic species, such as Acanthamoeba — mainly T-4 genotype —, Naegleria fowleri (known as brain-eating amoeba), and Balamuthia mandrillaris.	They can be called &quot;brain-eating amoebas” because of their ability to cause substantial destruction of brain tissue. There is no standard treatment; immunological processes which predispose humans to acquire and infection and, then, a disease are unknown. In addition, there are other species of free-living amoebas such as, Sappinea pedata, Vermamoeba vermiformes, Vanellas sp,Vahlkampfia sp., and, more recently, Paravahlkampfia francinae, which is less virulent and aggressive than the first three mentioned above. Methods: All CSF samples were evaluated in our laboratory under the microscope. Monoxenic and axenic cultures were negative as well as the presence of cysts or exponential growth. PCR was negative using the FLA primers. Results: Under close observation of sterile CSF, we can see mobile forms of non-human cells. None of the observed forms has the morphotype of Acanthamoeba, Naegleria sp. or Balamuthia mandrillaris. Conclusions: Due to these findings, we know these structures can be observed in the CSF and many of them do not form cysts as others do. In addition, these microorganisms are uncultivable in conventional medium culture to FLA and impossible to detect even when using molecular tools such as PCR, using the primers for EUK A/B or 18s RNAr gene as a target.
­­­An Enhanced Genetic Algorithm for Determining the Pathways in Protein-Protein Interaction Networks
Authors: Poornima E. , Ramyachitra D. , P Manikandan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Biological pathway plays a significant role in understanding evolution and cell activities of any organism. For finding the pathways in PPI networks, it is important to orient Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) that will be in the forms of undirected networks. It indicates that orienting protein interactions can enhance the pathway discovery process. To overcome the drawbacks in the existing algorithms, an Enhanced Genetic Algorithm (EGA) has been proposed to reduce the unnecessary edges and discover the pathways in PPI networks. The experimental results of the proposed and the existing algorithms such as Genetic Algorithm (GA), Random Orientation Algorithm plus Local Search (ROLS), Maximum Constraint Satisfaction (MAX-CSP), Minimum Satisfiability (MIN-SAT) were compared. The experiments are carried out using BioGRID databases and it is inferred that the proposed enhanced genetic algorithm has achieved better results in addressing this problem compared to other existing techniques. Also, it is inferred that the proposed EGA technique performs better in terms of execution, fitness function and specifically in matching gold standard pathways.
Why Do We Need an Evidence-Based Book/Encyclopedia to Improve Hospitals’ Performance After COVID-19?
Authors: Amer Faten 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Global efforts and initiatives have been taken by health policymakers to mitigate pandemic harm to health systems in the last three years. To improve health system performance evaluation (PE), all aspects should be considered together. A deficiency in the PE of one aspect can have a devastating effect on the health system or the organization’s overall performance, even if the other aspects are improved. We aim to analyse which books/encyclopedias to improve the performance of hospitals after COVID-19 were published. Additionally, we aim to develop a holistic tool that gathers the PE dimensions of hospitals together.
Methodology
We searched for books and encyclopedias published between January 2020 and February 2023 in the databases of Springer Nature, ScienceDirect, Oxford Academic, and Wiley book publishers. We also searched the Book Depository store. We screened the titles and then the descriptions if required to search for a book that aimed at gathering evidence-based approaches to improve hospital PE dimensions from all perspectives. Improvements were made to the BSC-Health v1 to engage patients, doctors, and nurses.
Results
We found 2180 books and encyclopedias. However, few have been developed to improve the PE of hospitals after COVID-19. BSC-Health v2 has 62 dimensions and can be used to perform holistic PE for hospitals.
Conclusion
Existing books/encyclopedias concentrated on reviewing only one dimension or perspective. The use of BSC-Health v2 will offer a guide to researchers to gather evidence-based narrative reviews on all hospital PE dimensions. Additionally, it will allow hospital managers to engage important stakeholders in PE. We solicit the collaboration of researchers from around the world in compiling an encyclopaedia that gathers interventions that have been proven to improve the performance of hospitals after the pandemic based on the BSC-Health v2 dimensions. The encyclopaedia will provide insights for hospital managers regarding the initiatives made globally by other hospital managers and will allow them to view all the causal relationships between dimensions as one system. Finally, the encyclopaedia will offer valuable teaching material for undergraduate and postgraduate health policy students.
Rab7-regulated ferroptosis contributes to tubular epithelial cells injury by degradation of GPX4 via chaperone-mediated autophagy in AKI
Authors: Yu Shali , Liu Lei , Wei Qishuang , Sun Hui , Tang Lijuan , Zhang Shuang , Chang Shiyi , Zhang Jianguo , liu yifei , He Sijing 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is characterized by abrupt loss of renal functions. Accumulating evidence suggests that renal tubular epithelial cells (TECs) injury drives the progression of AKI to subsequent chronic kidney disease (CKD). Ferroptosis is a newly found form of programmed cell death, but the regulatory mechanisms in TECs of AKI remains unclear. In this study, we identified ferroptosis was involved in TECs injury of AKI patients by observing the GPX4 expression was inversely associated with Hif-1α expression, serum creatinine (Scr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN). We induced AKI and ferroptosis by bilateral ischemia-reperfusion injury (I/R) of renal arteries in vivo and by hypoxia in vitro. Following use of erastin or ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) to induce or inhibit ferroptosis, TECs injury was effectively aggravated or attenuated. What’s more, we found that hypoxia treatment induced ferroptosis and TECs injury were resulted from acceleration of lysosomal transport and subsequent degradation of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4). We further investigated that chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) was activated and the chaperones heat shock cognate protein 70 (HSC70), heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) and the lysosome receptor LAMP2a were increased in TECs under hypoxia, which, in turn, promoted the degradation of GPX4. Notably, all these effects were reversed by downregulation of Rab7. In summary, our findings indicate ferroptosis plays a vital role in renal tubular injury of AKI and Rab7 promotes tubular ferroptosis through CMA-mediated autophagy of GPX4.
Probing spin-dependent charge transport at single-nanometer length scales
Authors: Haertl Patrick , Leisegang Markus , Kügel Jens , Bode Matthias 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The coherent transport of charge and spin is one key requirement of future devices for quantum computing and communication. Scattering at defects or impurities may seriously reduce the coherence of quantum-mechanical states, thereby affecting device functionality. While numerous methods exist to experimentally assess charge transport, the real-space detection of a material’s spin transport properties with nanometer resolution remains a challenge. Here we report on a novel approach which utilizes a combination of spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy (SP-STM) and the recently introduced molecular nanoprobe (MONA) technique. It relies on the local injection of spin-polarized charge carriers from a magnetic STM tip and their detection by a single surface-deposited phthalocyanine molecule via reversible electron-induced tautomerization events. Based on the particular electronic structure of the Rashba alloy BiAg2 which is governed by a spin–momentum-locked surface state, we proof that the current direction inverses as the tip magnetization is reversed by an external field. In a proof-of-principle experiment we apply SP-MONA to investigate how a single Gd cluster influences the spin-dependent charge transport of the Rashba surface alloy.
Relationship between intestinal flora and eczema in term infants by Shotgun sequencing
Authors: Chen Shuxia , Liu Jing , Hu Ziping , Sun Yongmin , Li Wei , Zhou Jie , Wu Youjia , Qin Jie 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Eczema is one of the common skin diseases in the neonatal period. The purpose of this study was to use Shotgun sequencing technology to analyze and compare the main components of the intestinal flora in the feces of eczema term infants and healthy term infants, and to explore the correlation between the characteristics of the intestinal flora and the incidence of eczema in term infants. There were 10 full-term infants who met the inclusion criteria in the Obstetrics Department of the First People's Hospital of Yancheng City, including 5 cases in the eczema group (group E) and 5 cases in the control group (group C). The fecal samples of the 10 full-term infants were collected at five time points: 0 days (meconium), 7 days, 14 days, 21 days, and 28 days, and the DNA of the fecal samples was extracted. According to the EASI scoring method, the eczema area and severity index of the eczema group were evaluated. The above 50 stool samples were subjected to high-throughput metagenomic sequencing of gut microbiota using Shotgun sequencing technology. SPSS 24.0 software was used to analyze the dynamic changes of Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli and Bifidobacterium in feces from 0-28 days and the distribution difference of intestinal flora between the eczema group and the control group, and further explore the content of the above bacteria in the eczema group Correlation with eczema severity. The content and distribution characteristics of Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli and Bifidobacterium in the intestinal flora of term infants have a certain correlation with the pathogenesis of eczema.
Risk Factors and Predictive Modeling for Post-Acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Findings from EHR Cohorts of the RECOVER Initiative
Authors: Zang Chengxi , Hou Yu , Schenck Edward , Xu Zhenxing , Zhang Yongkang , Xu Jie , Bian Jiang , Morozyuk Dmitry , Khullar Dhruv , Nordvig Anna , Shenkman Elizabeth , Rothman Russel , Block Jason , Lyman Kristin , Zhang Yiye , Varma Jay , Weiner Mark , Carton Thomas , Wang Fei , Kaushal Rainu , Consortium the RECOVER 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background Patients who were SARS-CoV-2 infected could suffer from newly incidental conditions in their post-acute infection period. These conditions, denoted as the post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC), are highly heterogeneous and involve a diverse set of organ systems. Limited studies have investigated the predictability of these conditions and their associated risk factors.
Method In this retrospective cohort study, we investigated two large-scale PCORnet clinical research networks, INSIGHT and OneFlorida+, including 11 million patients in the New York City area and 16.8 million patients from Florida, to develop machine learning prediction models for those who are at risk for newly incident PASC and to identify factors associated with newly incident PASC conditions. Adult patients aged 20 with SARS-CoV-2 infection and without recorded infection between March 1st, 2020, and November 30th, 2021, were used for identifying associated factors with incident PASC after removing background associations. The predictive models were developed on infected adults.
Results We find several incident PASC, e.g., malnutrition, COPD, dementia, and acute kidney failure, were associated with severe acute SARS-CoV-2 infection, defined by hospitalization and ICU stay. Older age and extremes of weight were also associated with these incident conditions. These conditions were better predicted (C-index >0.8). Moderately predictable conditions included diabetes and thromboembolic disease (C-index 0.7-0.8). These were associated with a wider variety of baseline conditions. Less predictable conditions included fatigue, anxiety, sleep disorders, and depression (C-index around 0.6).
Conclusions This observational study suggests that a set of likely risk factors for different PASC conditions were identifiable from EHRs, predictability of different PASC conditions was heterogeneous, and using machine learning-based predictive models might help in identifying patients who were at risk of developing incident PASC.
Identification of Hub Genes Associated with Diabetic Cardiomyopathy Using Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: Cui Hailong , Hu Die , Xu Jing , Zhao Shuiying , Song Yi , Qin Guijun , Liu Yanling 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a common cardiovascular complication of diabetes, which may threaten the quality of life and shorten life expectancy in diabetic population. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the diabetes cardiomyopathy are not fully elucidated. We analyzed two datasets from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Differentially expression analysis and weighted gene correlation network analysis (WGCNA) were used to screen key genes and molecules. Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis, and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis were constructed to identify hub genes. The diagnostic value of hub gene was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC). Quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) was used to validate the hub genes. A total of 13 differentially co-expressed modules were selected by WGCNA and differential expression analysis. KEGG and GO analysis showed these DEGs were mainly enriched in lipid metabolism and myocardial hypertrophy pathway, cytomembrane and mitochondrion. As a result, six genes were identified as hub genes. Finally, five genes (Pdk4, Lipe, Serpine1, Igf1r, and Bcl2l1) were found significantly changed in both the validation dataset and experimental mice with DCM. In conclusion, the present study identified five genes which may help to provide novel targets for the diagnosis and treatment of DCM.
Changes in seed quality parameters of American cotton due to seed treatment with metal oxide nanoparticles during storage
Authors: Singh Nirmal , Bhuker Axay 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
An experiment was conducted to check out effect of seed treatment with nanoparticles on storability of American cotton seeds in laboratory of Department of Seed Science and Technology, CCS HAU Hisar.
Methods
Delinted and fuzzy Seeds of two American cotton varieties (H 1300 and H 1098-i) were nanoprimed for 10 hours with zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) @400 ppm and titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2NPs) @100 ppm. Observed parameters at different interval (0 month, 3 months, 6 months, 9 months and 12 months) during storage were moisture content, germination percentage, seedling length, seedling dry weight, SVI-I, SVI-II, electrical conductivity and dehydrogenase activity.
Results
Size of ZnONPs and TiO2NPs were 36.25 nm and 39.40 nm, respectively. Results of experiment revealed that different storage periods and nanopriming treatments had significant effect on all seed quality parameters except effect of nanopriming treatments on germination percentage (excluding delinted seeds of H 1098-i). It is also revealed that interaction effect of nanopriming treatment and storage period was non-significant on all parameters except EC. Maximum value of seed quality parameters except EC was observed at 0 month and minimum was found after 12 months of storage. Maximum reduction in seed quality parameters were observed in control treatment and minimum was found when seeds were nanoprimed with ZnONPs @ 400 ppm.
Conclusion
Results of experiment came to a conclusion that ZnONPs and TiO2NPs had capacity to hold seed quality and vigour during storage of cotton seeds of American varieties (H 1300 and H 1098-i).
Novel MRI-guided Focussed Ultrasound Stimulated Microbubble Radiation Enhancement Treatment for Breast Cancer
Authors: Dasgupta Archya , Saifuddin Murtuza , McNabb Evan , Ho Ling , Lu Lin , Vesprini Danny , Karam Irene , Soliman Hany , Chow Edward , Gandhi Sonal , Trudeau Maureen , Tran William , Curpen Belinda , Stanisz Greg , Sahgal Arjun , Kolios Michael , Czarnota Gregory J. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background

Preclinical studies have demonstrated focused ultrasound (FUS) stimulated microbubble (MB) rupture leads to the activation of acid sphingomyelinase-ceramide pathway in the endothelial cells. When radiotherapy (RT) is delivered concurrently with FUS-MB, apoptotic pathway leads to increased cell death resulting in potent radiosensitization. Here we report the first human trial of using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) guided FUS-MB treatment in the treatment of breast malignancies.

Methods

In the phase 1 prospective interventional study, patients with breast cancer were treated with fractionated RT (5 or 10 fractions) to the disease involving breast or chest wall. FUS-MB treatment was delivered before 1st and 5th fractions of RT (within 1 hour).

Results

8 patients with 9 tumours were treated. All 7 evaluable patients with at least 3 months follow-up treated for 8 tumours had a complete response in the treated site. The maximum acute toxicity observed was grade 2 dermatitis in 1 site, and grade 1 in 8 treated sites, at one month post RT, which recovered at 3 months. No RT-related late effect or FUS-MB related toxicity was noted.

Conclusions

This study demonstrated safety of combined FUS-MB and RT treatment. Promising response rates suggest potential strong radiosensitization effects of the investigational modality.
Trial registration: clinicaltrials.gov, identifier NCT04431674
Effect of different Hb concentrations on the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus in women with thalassemia minor
Authors: Wang Xiaoju , Xiao Shuang , Li Lingou , Yang Mei 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Backgrounds

A few studies have focused on the effect of thalassemia and different Hb levels on pregnancy outcomes recently. However, to our knowledge, there are no studies on the effects of different levels of hemoglobin(Hb) on pregnancy outcomes in Chinese women with thalassemia minor. In the present research, we aimed to clarify the effect of different Hb levels on pregnancy outcomes and to further explore the association of different Hb levels and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in pregnant women with thalassemia minor in Chinese populations.

Methods

A retrospective controlled study was conducted on 723 pregnant women who were followed up for delivery in our hospital from 2017 to 2021. They were grouped into thalassemia minor and control group. The two groups were further divided into three subgroups, including anmia, normal and high Hb subgroups. Pregnant complications were studied in two main groups and their three subgroups. All statistical analyses were performed using R version 4.1.0 and contributed packages.

Results

There were no significant differences regarding neonatal and maternal pregnancy outcomes in women with and without thalassemia except for postpartum anemia. Furthermore, in the thalassemia group, the prevalence of GDM in the high Hb subgroup was significantly higher than the other two subgroups. However, in the control group, no significant statistical differences were found among the three subgroups. Moreover, in the high Hb subgroup, the fetuses of women with thalassemia were more likely to develop jaundice after birth. In the normal Hb subgroup, the proportion of macrosomia in the thalassemia group was significantly higher than the control group, while the proportion of low birth weight infants was on the contrary. Lastly, in anemia subgroups, we found less pregnant women with thalassemia suffered from cesarean compared to pregnant women without thalassemia.

Conclusion

We concluded that high Hb concentration might be a trigger for GDM in Chinese pregnant women with thalassemia minor. Maternal iron and Hb levels should be monitored during antenatal care and pregnancy management, as iron supplementation may lead to adverse pregnancy outcomes in women with thalassemia minor with normal or particularly high Hb concentrations.
Revealing the Materials Genome of Superhard High-Entropy Diborides via the Hybrid Data-driven and Knowledge-enabled Model
Authors: Wang William Yi , Lu Jiaqi , Zhang Fengpei , Yao Gang , Gao Xingyu , Liu Ya , Zhang Zhi , Wang Jun , Wang Yiguang , Liang Xiubing , Song Haifeng , LI Jinshan , Zhang Pingxiang 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Materials descriptors with multivariate, multiphase and multiscale of a complex system have been treated as the remarkable materials genome, addressing the composition-processing-structure-property-performance (CPSPP) relationships during the development of advanced materials. With the aid of high-performance computations, big data and artificial intelligent technologies, it is still a challenge to derive the explainable machine learned model to reveal the underlaying CPSPP relationship, especially, under the extreme conditions. Here, we propose a hybrid data-driven and knowledge-enabled model with two key descriptors to design the superhard high entropy boride ceramics (HEBs), which is not only in line with the common features from various machine learning algorithms but also integrate the solid-solution strengthening mechanisms. While five dominate features in terms of load, valence differences, electronegativity, electron work functions, and the differences among solutes in various column of periodical elementary table were screened out from 149 ones, the best optimal machine learning (ML) algorithm was addressed among decision tree, support vector regression, K-Nearest Neighbor, random forest, Adaboost, gradient enhanced regression tree, Bagging, ExtraTree, and XGBoost. The Shapley additive explanation the key influence trend for material hardness with the change of HEBs electronic properties. Correspondingly, the predicted 14 potential best superhard HEB candidates via ML are further validated by first-principles calculations via the aforementioned knowledge-based model. This work supports a smart strategy to derive the hybrid data-driven and knowledge-enable explainable model predicting the target properties of advanced HEBs and paves a path accelerating their development at cost-effective approach.