bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is Grand Multiparity an independent risk factor for blood transfusion?
Authors: Attali Emmanuel , Gabbai Daniel , Reicher Lee , Baruch Yoav , Lavie Anat , Yogev Yariv , Many Ariel 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background The relation between grand multiparity and poor pregnancy outcome, especially post-partum hemorrhage and blood transfusion has not been consistent. Some studies found an association between maternal and neonatal mortality more recent literature is less clear about the risks.Objectives We aimed to determine the association of grand multiparity with the need for post-partum blood transfusion.Study Design: We conducted a retrospective cohort study in a single tertiary university-affiliated medical center between 2011 and 2019. All women were categorized into one of three groups based on the number of previous deliveries: (a) nulliparous (no previous delivery), (b) multiparous (1–4 previous deliveries), (c) grand multiparous (≥ 5 previous deliveries). We compared the demographic, clinical, and pregnancy outcomes of the study groups. The primary outcome was the need for red blood cell transfusion during the index admission.Results Overall, during the study period there were 87,343 deliveries in our center. Among the study population, 36,777 (42.1%) were nulliparous, 49,072 (56.1%) were multipara and 1,494 (1.7%) were grand multiparous. Overall, 1602 women (1.8%) were treated with RBC transfusion. Cesarean delivery, macrosomia, preterm delivery, multiple gestations, antenatal anemia, thrombocytopenia, intrauterine fetal death (IUFD), and prolonged second or third stage of labor, were more prevalent among women who were treated with RBC transfusion. After controlling for potential confounders, including maternal age, preterm delivery, IUFD, mode of delivery, and antenatal thrombocytopenia grand multiparity was found to be an independent protective factor for RBC transfusion [OR = 0.2 (0.007–0.56), p-value = 0.002]Conclusion After controlling for cofounders, grand multiparity alone, after controlling for cofounders, is not associated with postpartum blood transfusion.
Predictors of Post-Discharge Mortality Among Children Aged 5-14 Years Admitted to Pediatric Wards at Mnh, Jkci, and Moi: A Prospective Observational Cohort Study
Authors: Meleki Elton Roman , Mongella Stella , Furia Francis Fredrick 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Introduction: Globally, millions of children and adolescents die every year from treatable and preventable causes. Sub-Saharan Africa accounted for 55% of deaths of children aged 5–14 years in 2017. Despite this high burden, minimal effort has been directed toward reducing mortality among older children and adolescents in comparison to under-fives. Mortality rates of children post-discharge vary between 1–18% in limited-resource countries and is report to exceed in-hospital mortality. In Tanzania, there is limited data regarding post-discharge mortality among children aged 5–14 years. Methods and analysis: This will be a prospective observational cohort study that will be conducted among children aged 5–14 years admitted to pediatric wards at Muhimbili National Hospital, Jakaya Kikwete Cardiac Institue, and Muhimbili Orthopedic Institue in Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania. Data will be collected using a structured questionnaire and will include socio-demographic characteristics, clinical factors, and patients’ outcomes. Post-discharge follow-up will be done at month 1, 2, and 3 after discharge via phone call. Data will be analyzed using SPSS version 23. The association of demographic, social economic, and clinical factors with the outcome of all causes, 3 months post-discharge mortality will be determined by cox regression, and survival rates will be displayed through Kaplan-Meier curves. Discussion: This study will determine post-discharge mortality among children aged 5–14 years and it’s predictors in Tanzania. This information is expected to provide baseline data that will be useful for raising awareness of clinicians on how to prioritize and plan a proper follow-up of children following hospital discharge. These data may also be used to guide policy development to address and reduce the high burden of older children and adolescent mortality and may be used for future studies including those aiming to develop prediction models for post-discharge mortality among older children and adolescents.
Functional genomics dissection of the nodulation autoregulation pathway (AON) in soybean (Glycine max)
Authors: Gresshoff Peter M. , Su Huanan , Hastwell April , Zhang Mengbai , Grundy Estelle B. , Chu Xitong , Ferguson Brett J. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The combination of mutation-based genetics and functional genomics allowed a detailed dissection of the nodulation-induction and Autoregulation of Nodulation (AON) pathways of soybean. Applicable to all legumes, nodulation was induced by Rhizobium/Bradyrhizobium produced lipopolysaccharides (Nod factors), perceived by Nod factor receptors (NFR1/NFR5 dimers), leading to cortical and pericycle cell divisions. These induce the production of CLE (Clavata3-like) peptides, that travel in the xylem to the shoot, where they are perceived by a receptor complex including a LRR receptor kinase, encoded by GmNARK, LjHAR1, MtSUNN and closely related receptors in other legumes like Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean), Pisum sativum (pea) and Glycine soja. This activated receptor complex negatively regulates by phosphorylation the constitutive synthesis of miR2111 in the shoot, that normally is translocated via the phloem to the entire plant body, initiating suppression of root-expressed receptor kinase ‘Too Much Love (TML)’, which in turn suppresses the nodule initiation cascade. Nodulation thus is permitted during a developmental window between the induction and progress of the nodulation/cell division/infection cascade during the first few days after inoculation and the functional ’readiness’ of the AON cascade, delayed by root-shoot-root loop. Loss-of-function mutations in GmNARK and TML result in excessive nodulation (supernodulation/hypernodulation/supernummary nodulation) as well as localised tolerance to externally applied nitrate. Recent analyses indicate interaction with gibberellin signalling, plant immunity as well as lateral root formation. Further details of the parallel functions of key points in this regulatory loop remain to be elucidated.
Comprehensive analysis of MICALL2 reveals its potential roles in EGFR stabilization and ovarian cancer cell invasion
Authors: Xia Tianxiang , Ye Fengwen , Yang Yixing , Min Pengxiang , Qi Chengxiang , Wang Qianwen , Zhao Weizhen , Wang Yueyuan , Zhang Yujie , Du Jun 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Molecules interacting with CasL (MICALs) are critical mediators of cell motility that act by cytoskeleton rearrangement. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of cancer cell invasion remain elusive. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential role of one member of MICALs, i.e., MICAL-like 2 (MICALL2), in the invasion and function of ovarian cancer cells. Bioinformatics analysis showed that MICALL2 expression was significantly higher in tissues of advanced-stage ovarian cancer and associated with poor overall survival of patients. MICALL2 was strongly correlated with the infiltration of multiple types of immune cells and T-cell exhaustion markers. Moreover, enrichment analyses showed that MICALL2 was involved in the tumor-related matrix degradation pathway. Mechanistically, matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP9) was identified as the target gene of MICALL2 for the regulation of invadopodium formation and ovarian cancer cell invasion. In addition, epidermal growth factor receptor/protein kinase B/mechanistic target of rapamycin (EGFR/AKT/mTOR) signaling was identified as the downstream pathway of MICALL2 in the regulation of MMP9 expression. Furthermore, MICALL2 silencing promoted EGFR degradation; however, this effect was abrogated by treatment with autophagy inhibitors acadesine and chloroquine diphosphate. Silencing of MICALL2 resulted in a suppressive activity of Rac family small GTPase 1 (Rac1), while suppressing Rac1 activation attenuated the pro-EGFR, pro-MMP9, and pro-invasive effects induced by the overexpression of MICALL2. Collectively, our results indicated that MICALL2 participated in the process of immune infiltration and invasion by ovarian cancer cells. Moreover, MICALL2 prevented EGFR degradation in a Rac1-dependent manner, consequently leading to EGFR/AKT/mTOR/MMP9 signaling activation and invadopodia-mediated matrix degradation.
Safety and feasibility of neoadjuvant immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy for resectable locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Liu Delong , Xu Min , Xing Dongyang , Ma Yegang , Shi Xiang 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
The aim of this study was to investigate the safety and efficacy of neoadjuvant immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced resectable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
Methods
This study retrospectively analyzed 63 patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy in our hospital from January 2022 to January 2023. The characteristics of neoadjuvant therapy and surgery were analyzed to determine the safety and feasibility of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and immunotherapy.
Results
A total of 63 patients were included in the study. The most commonly used regimens of immunotherapy were camrelizumab (n = 35,55.56%), tislelizumab (n = 12,19.05%), pembrolizumab (n = 8,12.70%),and sintilimab (n = 8, 12.70%). A total of 12 patients (19.0%) experienced different grades of adverse events during neoadjuvant therapy. Grade 3 adverse events included Neutropenia (n = 2, 3.2%). Sixty of 63 patients completed minimally invasive surgical treatment, and only 3 patients were converted to thoracotomy. The PCR rate in this study was 11.1%. The downstaging of primary tumors is 57.1% and the reduction in primary tumor size is 84.1%. According to Clavien-Dindo, 14 patients (22.2%) suffered grade ≤ 3 perioperative complications and only 2 patients (3.2%) suffered grade > 3 perioperative complications. The most common complications were pneumonia and arrhythmia, which accounted for 14.3% and 6.3% respectively.
Conclusions
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy is safe and effective for resectable locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Complications after neoadjuvant therapy and perioperative rates were also acceptable.
Contribution of Groundwater quality to the Industrialization of Textile Sector in Bangladesh
Authors: Hasan Md. Mahabub , Takafuji Makoto , Shahruzzaman Mohammad 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Water is one of the most important media which profoundly influences various processes such as pre-treatment, dyeing, printing and finishing process of textile materials. Any type of contamination or impurity in water used therefore requires maximum level of purification leading to the higher cost of finished products. Groundwater quality from various industrial zones in Bangladesh was assessed to determine whether the resource was of a suitable quality for industrial use. Parameters determining the water quality such as hardness, pH, turbidity, total dissolved solids (TDS), alkalinity, chloride content, dissolved iron, and conductivity of collected groundwater were measured. It was found that the quality of groundwater from Gazipur and Mymensingh zones is significantly remarkable than other studied zones, while the groundwater of other zones are also suitable for the use of textile processing after mild treatment. This study based on the water quality can have also a great impact to find and set up cost effective and efficient textile and related industries in Bangladesh.
Immunohistological analysis of B7-H4, IDO1, and PD-L1 expression and tumor immune microenvironment based on triple-negative breast cancer subtypes
Authors: Sanuki Fumiaki , Mikami Yuka , Nishimura Hirotake , Fujita Yoshinori , Monobe Yasumasa , Nomura Tsunehisa , Taira Naruto , MORIYA TAKUYA 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background: B7-H4 and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO1) are factors involved in the inhibition of antitumor activity and are new therapeutic targets for immune checkpoint therapy. However, the category of patients wherein these factors are highly expressed and how they are related to each other and programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) are not yet fully clear.
Methods: Immunostaining for PD-L1, B7-H4, and IDO1 was performed on whole-slide sections of 119 cases of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). TNBC subtypes were also determined by immunohistochemistry analysis of cytokeratin 5/6 and androgen receptor (AR) expression. The tumor immune microenvironment was evaluated based on stromal tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (sTILs) (%), pattern classification of TILs, tumor stromal ratio, and tertiary lymphoid structure. Immunostaining for CD8 and FOXP3 was also performed.
Results: B7-H4 expression was significantly high in cases with a combined positive score cutoff of 5 for PD-L1 (clone 28-8) (p = 0.021). The H-scores of AR and B7-H4 were inversely correlated (ρ = -0.509, p < 0.001). AR expression was high in cases with IDO1 < 1% (p = 0.046), while B7H4 and IDO1 expression levels were inversely correlated in cases with AR <10% (ρ = -0.354, p < 0.001).
Conclusions: In the population of TNBC, B7-H4 and PD-L1 expression were exclusively related to AR expression.B7-H4 and IDO1 expression was exclusive in the non-luminal androgen receptor subtype of TNBC. These trends in expression may help in the future selection of antiandrogenic agents and immune checkpoint inhibitors for patient treatment.
Pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) canker caused by Pantoea agglomerans
Authors: Aeini Milad , Parizipour Mohamad Hamed Ghodoum , Nasab Mitra Omidi , Heidari Maede , Fazliarab Amal 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPistachio (Pistacia veraL.) is a perennial woody plant that produces edible seeds with a high nutritional value. Canker disease is one of the important diseases of pistachio, causing considerable loss globally. During 2019–2021, a series of symptoms, including tree weakness, brown to black lesions, canker, and exudation of black sap were observed on the trunk of pistachio trees from different regions of Lorestan province, western Iran. Bacterial isolation resulted in the development of uniform and yellow colonies on yeast-extract peptone glucose agar (YPGA) medium 24 hours post-inoculation (hpi). The colonies were then purified on YPGA and yeast-extract-dextrose-calcium-carbonate agar (YDC). Based on the analysis of morphological, biochemical, and molecular characteristics using nucleotide sequences of the gyrB, infB, atpD, and 16S rRNA, a putative pathogen was identified asPantoea agglomerans(formerlyEnterobacter agglomerans). To fulfill Koch's postulates, bacterial suspensions (107CFU/ml) were inoculated to one-year-old pistachio seedlings. Thirty days after inoculation, small necrotic lesions developed on the bark in the vicinity of inoculation sites, followed by brown necrotic streaks in the inner bark. Subsequently, the bacterial strains exhibiting the characteristic colony morphology were retrieved from lesions on inoculated pistachio seedlings and verified asP. agglomerans. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the occurrence of pistachio canker caused byP. agglomerans.
Time-dependent Inhibition of Rac1 in the VTA Enhances Long-term Aversive Memory: Implications in Active Forgetting Mechanisms
Authors: Dalto Juliana F. , Medina Jorge H. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The fate of memories depends mainly on two opposing forces: the mechanisms required for the storage and maintenance of memory and the mechanisms underlying forgetting, being the latter much less understood. Here, we show the effect of inhibiting the small Rho GTPase Rac1 on the fate of inhibitory avoidance memory in male rats. The immediate post-training micro-infusion of the specific Rac1 inhibitor NSC23766 (150 ng/0.5 µl/ side) into the ventral tegmental area (VTA) enhanced long-term memory at 1, 7, and 14 days after a single training. Additionally, an opposed effect occurred when the inhibitor was infused at 12 h after training while no effect was observed immediately after testing animals at 1 d. Control experiments ruled out the possibility that post-training memory enhancement was due to facilitation of memory formation since no effect was found when animals were tested at 1 h after acquisition and no memory enhancement was observed after the formation of a weak memory. Immediate post-training micro-infusion of Rac1 inhibitor into the dorsal hippocampus, or the amygdala did not affect memory. Our findings support the idea of a Rac1-dependent time-specific active forgetting mechanism in the VTA controlling the strength of a long-term aversive memory.
Bumble bee niche overlap along an elevation gradient: how traits can inform novel competitive pressures under climate change.
Authors: Barthell Kaitlyn , Resasco Julian 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Climate change-induced range shifts can disrupt interactions between species by moving them in and out of ecological communities. These disruptions can include impacts on competition for shared resources. Bumble bees (Bombus spp.) are important pollinators shifting their range upwards in elevation in response to climate change. These shifts could lead to altered competition between species and threaten co-existence. These impacts are particularly worrying at the tops of mountains where bumble bees are “trapped” and can no longer move up to higher elevations to track climate change. To better understand this issue, we investigated changes in bumble bee diet niche overlap between species along a 2296m elevation gradient in the southern Rocky Mountains. Additionally, we investigated how morphological and phenological traits impact diet composition (flower species visited) between bumble bee species and explored how the continued upward movement of bumble bee species under climate change into the mountaintop may affect trait overlap of newly co-occurring species. We found that diet niche overlap between bumble bee species increased with elevation. We also found that differences in morphological and phenological traits (body size, tongue length, date of activity) were correlated with differences in diet composition between bumble bee species. Finally, we described how bumble bee species moving farther up mountaintops would lead to increased trait overlap for high-elevation species. These shifts could have implications for future competition for resident high-elevation species on mountaintops and exacerbate the effects of climate change on high-elevation bumble bees.
The results of 100 consecutive laparoscopic omentum-sparing gastric cancer resections with D2 lymphadenectomy
Authors: Jagric T , Kolaric Rok , Hladnik Gaja 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background
In the present paper, we intend to present the shot- and long-term results of omentum-preserving laparoscopic gastric cancer resections with D2 lymphadenectomy in 100 consecutive patients with stages 0-IV and perioperative chemotherapy.
Methods
The study's primary objectives were the perioperative results, the length of postoperative stay, and the 5-year overall and 5-year disease-specific survival.
Results
The mean age was 69 ± 11 years; the mean BMI was 26 ± 3 kg/m2. The tumors were primarily located in the middle and distal third of the stomach; 12% were actively bleeding or causing obstruction, necessitating an emergency operation. Perioperative chemotherapy was administered in 46% of the patients. Most patients received a total gastrectomy (52%), and 45% received a distal subtotal gastrectomy. The conversion rate was 16%. Perioperative complications occurred in 20%; the perioperative mortality was 1%. The median hospital stay was eight days. The most common UICC stage was Ia, followed by IIIb. Early gastric cancer was present only in 29% of patients. The 5-year overall and disease-specific survivals were 57.5% and 72.6%, respectively.
Conclusion
The results from this single high-volume center confirm the safety of laparoscopic omentum-preserving gastrectomy with D2 lymphadenectomy in patients with advanced gastric cancer. The referral of gastric cancer patients to dedicated high-volume centers with specialized laparoscopic surgical teams might lead to similar high-quality results presented in Eastern trials.
The Significance of noninvasive therapies for cervical infection of high-risk human papilloma virus : A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhuang Yuan , Yang Hua 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjective To assess whether noninvasive therapies were related with clearance of cervical infection of high-risk human papilloma virus (hr-HPV) and regression of mild abnormal cytology related with hr-HPV. Methods Until April 2023, we identified a total of 10424 women with cervical infection of hr-HPV and 1966 women with mild abnormal cytology related with hr-HPV from 44 studies meeting the inclusion criteria. Results After systematic retrieving literature, we identified 2317 citations, 44 randomized controlled studies were enrolled. Cumulative results suggested noninvasive therapies benefited women who had cervical infection of hr-HPV. Both the clearance of hr-HPV (OR: 3.83, I2 = 99%, p < 0.00001) and regression of mild abnormal cytology related with hr-HPV (OR: 3.12, I2 = 63%, p < 0.00001) were significant higher than control group. Subgroup analyses stratified by systematic therapy, topical therapy, traditional chinese medicines (TCMs), presistent hr-HPV were consistent with results in the overall group.There was substantial heterogeneity between trials(I2 = 87% for clearance of hr-HPV and 63% for regression of cytology), sensitivity analysis was performed by excluding single study one by one, found the cumulative results were stable and dependable. Both the funnel plots for clearance of hr-HPV and regression of abnormal cytology were asymmetrical, significant publication bias might exist. Conclusion Noninvasive therapies benefited women who had cervical infection of hr-HPV with/without mild abnormal cytology related with hr-HPV. Both the clearance of hr-HPV and regression of abnormal cytology were significant higher than control group. More studies with less heterogeneity are needed urgently to draw a concrete conclusion.