bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DSGEM: Dual scene graph enhancement module‐based visual question answering
Authors: Wang Boyue , Ma Yujian , Li Xiaoyan , Liu Heng , Hu Yongli , Yin Baocai 
Published: March 2023

AbstractVisual Question Answering (VQA) aims to appropriately answer a text question by understanding the image content. Attention‐based VQA models mine the implicit relationships between objects according to the feature similarity, which neglects the explicit relationships between objects, for example, the relative position. Most Visual Scene Graph‐based VQA models exploit the relative positions or visual relationships between objects to construct the visual scene graph, while they suffer from the semantic insufficiency of visual edge relations. Besides, the scene graph of text modality is often ignored in these works. In this article, a novel Dual Scene Graph Enhancement Module (DSGEM) is proposed that exploits the relevant external knowledge to simultaneously construct two interpretable scene graph structures of image and text modalities, which makes the reasoning process more logical and precise. Specifically, the authors respectively build the visual and textual scene graphs with the help of commonsense knowledge and syntactic structure, which explicitly endows the specific semantics to each edge relation. Then, two scene graph enhancement modules are proposed to propagate the involved external and structural knowledge to explicitly guide the feature interaction between objects (nodes). Finally, the authors embed such two scene graph enhancement modules to existing VQA models to introduce the explicit relation reasoning ability. Experimental results on both VQA V2 and OK‐VQA datasets show that the proposed DSGEM is effective and compatible to various VQA architectures.
Modified magnetic equivalent circuit model for magnetic field analysis of one cage‐rotor induction motor used in electric submersible pumps
Authors: Rezaee‐Alam Farhad , Nazari Marashi Abbas , Roozbehani Sam 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHere, a modified magnetic equivalent circuit model which can accurately consider the air‐gap region is presented. The main defect of magnetic equivalent circuit model is in the modelling of air‐gap region. To solve this problem, a new approach based on conformal mappings is presented to accurately calculate the air‐gap permeances between the elements of stator and rotor while considering the real paths of flux tubes in air gap. The distributions of equivalent virtual currents on the both sides of air gap are obtained through modified magnetic equivalent circuit model, which represent the effects of slots, magneto motive force drops in iron parts, and magneto motive force sources. The conformal mapping method is then used to calculate the components of air‐gap magnetic field for every operating point under starting conditions and different loads. One typical cage‐rotor induction motor, which is used in electric submersible pumps, is considered to investigate the accuracy of modified magnetic equivalent circuit model. Some of the analytical results obtained through modified magnetic equivalent circuit model are verified by comparing with the corresponding results obtained from finite element method and experiment set up.
Facile preparation of zinc nanoparticles mediated by plant aqueous extract and assessment of the antioxidant, cytotoxicity and anti‐human bone carcinoma properties
Authors: Li Tao , Li Maohua 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this study, the Zn nanoparticles were synthesized using the peel extract of Citrus aurantium. The nanoparticles were characterized by different chemical techniques including UV‐Vis. and FT‐IR spectroscopy, and SEM technique. The results revealed a spherical shape with an average size of 41.17 nm was identified for the green‐synthesized nanoparticles. In the antioxidant test, the IC50 of nanoparticles and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) against DPPH free radicals were 115 and 96 μg/mL, respectively. In the cellular and molecular part of the recent study, the treated cells with nanoparticles were assessed by the MTT assay for 48 h about the cytotoxicity and anti‐human bone cancer properties on normal (HUVEC) and cancer cell lines, that is, A‐673 and HS‐729. The IC50 of nanoparticles were 278 and 256 μg/mL against A‐673 and HS‐729 cell lines, respectively. The viability of malignant cell lines reduced dose‐dependently in the presence of Zn nanoparticles. It seems that the anti‐cancer effect of recent nanoparticles is due to their anti‐oxidant effects. After evaluating the effectiveness of this formulation in clinical trial researches, it can be a good alternative to chemotherapy drugs.
Enhanced breakdown strength of the BaTiO3/polypropylene nanocomposite film based on the biaxial stretching process
Authors: Zheng Ming‐Sheng , Lu Wei‐Wei , Yang Xing , Dang Zhi‐Min 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe significant progresses of polymer‐based nanocomposites with improved dielectric performances are urgently calling for an effect way to realise commercial production. Up to now, the biaxial stretching technology is still a powerful method to produce the high‐performance dielectric films applied in the film capacitors due to its full‐blown applications. In this work, a classical composite system of BaTiO3/polypropylene was applied to reveal the connection between the microstructure changes and dielectric properties of the corresponding nanocomposite films in the biaxial stretching process. The permittivity of BT‐30 wt% nanocomposite reached 2.8 at 103 Hz after stretching, and its breakdown strength reached 340 MV/m. In addition, the breakdown strength of BT‐10 wt% nanocomposite could even be promoted to 452 MV/m, which was 1.3 times higher than that before stretching. The microstructure test demonstrated that the rearrangement of nanofillers, high crystallinity and the oriented polypropylene crystals were advantageous to the improvement of breakdown strength for the stretched nanocomposite films. Therefore, the application of biaxial stretching technology into the preparation of nanocomposite dielectric film is an enormous potential way for the energy storage film capacitors.
A new index for techno‐economical comparison of storage technologies considering effect of self‐discharge
Authors: Moradi‐Shahrbabak Zahra , Jadidoleslam Morteza 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis paper presents an improved levellized cost of storage (ILCOS) index for comparing various storage technologies. The ILCOS is a modified index based on the conventional levellized cost of storage (LCOS) that includes the effect of daily self‐discharge. This index calculates the total cost of discharged energy for a storage system over its lifetime. Comparing the conventional LCOS and the proposed ILCOS metrics indicates that the ILCOS is a more accurate index for the economic analysis of storage technologies. Also, this paper introduces an algorithm by using the ILCOS index for selecting the optimum storage technology in any individual application. The algorithm inputs are the needed discharge time, the required stand‐by time, and the technical and economical characteristics of storage systems; the output is the optimum storage technology. Based on the discharge time, this algorithm investigates the storage technology in three categories: short‐duration, medium‐duration, and long‐duration applications. Any storage system that has the minimum ILCOS is the economically winning technology. Given the characteristics of the existing storage technologies, the case study shows that for long‐duration applications, the pumped hydroelectric storage (PHS) is the best option. Also, vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) and lead‐acid (PbA) batteries are the most economic storages for medium‐duration applications.
Electrical energy systems resilience: A comprehensive review on definitions, challenges, enhancements and future proceedings
Authors: Amini Fariba , Ghassemzadeh Saeid , Rostami Naghi , Tabar Vahid Sohrabi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSecure energy providing is a critical feature of sustainable societies, where this subject requires reliable operation of generation, transmission and distribution infrastructures. In order to achieve the mentioned goal, the influence of uncertainties should be analyzed using appropriate methods, criteria and tools. The high‐impact low‐probability (HILP) events are special uncertainties that can affect the safe operation and lead to irreparable damages. This paper presents a comprehensive review of resilience in electrical energy systems consisting of fundamental concepts and definitions, challenges, enhancements and future proceedings. In this regard, a resilience evaluation framework is designed first in which all the necessary actions for a resilience study are defined. In the next step, various HILP events are introduced and then the resilience concept is defined accurately and related curves are investigated. Afterwards, the resilience assessment indices and quantitative measures are described and their details and applications are precisely explained. As well, the resilience enhancement strategies are discussed from short‐term and long‐term perspectives and eventually, resilience‐based objective functions and optimization approaches are classified in the last part. It is noteworthy that the main research gaps are also clarified according to the reviewed papers and further suggestions are expressed to cope with the declared problems.
Integrated operation of gas and power system through the P2P market mechanism
Authors: Feili Meysam , Ameli Mohammad Taghi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPeer‐to‐peer (P2P) energy trading is a new technology for integrating distributed energy resources (DERs) into the power system. A P2P market allows direct energy trading between end‐users, enables local power and energy equilibrium and supports power grid operations. As a common DER, gas‐fired power plants are employed to deal with the intermittency of the power system due to their flexible characteristics. Therefore, the intermittency in the power system transmits to the gas system through the gas‐fired power plants, which makes the operation of these systems even more interdependent and cost‐effective. This paper proposes a market‐based two‐stage framework for the integrated operation of power and natural gas grids taking into account demand response and both network constraints. In the first stage (scheduling stage), the MINLP‐based optimisation approach is used for the optimal scheduling of two energy carriers considering AC power flow and gas hydraulic calculations for the next 24 h. Then, in the second stage, the continuous double auction (CDA)‐based P2P energy trading approach is used for enabling customers to trade energy with each other. To simulate human trader behaviour and maximises the benefits of customers, the authors considered the optimum bidding strategy through the zero intelligent plus trader model. The simulations executed on a 33‐bus power distribution grid and a 33‐node gas network indicate that the proposed framework can dramatically reduce the total operational cost and improve the performance of both networks. Using only the MINLP optimisation problem, first stage, the total operational cost of both networks is reduced by 15.58%, while the voltage profile at the end of the power grid is improved by about 7%. In the next stage, the total operating cost of both networks is further decreased by 29.31% via implementing the P2P energy trading mechanism.
Reha-Erfolg nach psychosomatischer Rehabilitation in
Abhängigkeit von Symptombelastung und
Arbeitsunfähigkeitsdauer
Authors: Rotter Kirsten , Lambrecht Alexandra , Koch Bernhard , Kobelt-Pönicke Axel 
Published: March 2023

Zusammenfassung
Ziel Reha-Erfolg zeigt sich unmittelbar in individueller Symptomreduktion
und mittelbar in sozialmedizinischem Nutzen. Die Befunde zur
Maßnahmenverlängerung zwecks Steigerung von Reha-Erfolg sind
kontrovers. Behandlungsdauer scheint kein ausreichender Prädiktor
für Reha-Erfolg zu sein. Lange Arbeitsunfähigkeitszeiten
können zur Chronifizierung psychischer Erkrankungen beitragen. Diese
Studie untersuchte den Zusammenhang der Arbeitsunfähigkeitsdauer (AU)
vor einer psychosomatischen Rehabilitation (weniger vs. größer 3
Monate) bei unterschiedlicher Depressionsschwere zu Reha-Beginn (unterhalb vs.
oberhalb klinischer Relevanz) mit (un)mittelbarem Reha-Erfolg. Es wurden 1612
Rehabilitanden im Alter von 18–64 Jahren, davon 49% Frauen
untersucht, die 2016 eine psychosomatische Rehabilitation im Rehazentrum
Oberharz absolvierten.
Methode Individuelle Symptomreduktion wurde durch den Reliable Change
Index (guter Schätzer der wahren Veränderung) aus den
prä/post Testwerten des BDI-II abgebildet. AU vor Reha sowie
Versicherungs-/Beitragszeiten ein bis vier Jahre nach Reha wurden den
Konten der Deutschen Rentenversicherung Braunschweig-Hannover entnommen.
Multiple hierarchische Regression, 2-faktorielle ANCOVA mit Messwiederholung,
geplante Kontraste wurden gerechnet und Alter, Geschlecht und Reha-Dauer
statistisch kontrolliert.
Ergebnisse Die multiple hierarchische Regression ergab für die
Gruppe mit kurzer AU vor Reha 4% bzw. mit hoher Erkrankungsschwere bei
Reha-Beginn 9% inkrementelle Varianzaufklärung in
Symptomreduktion bei mittlerer bzw. großer Effektstärke
(f2=0,22 und 0,73). Die messwiederholten 2-faktoriellen
ANCOVAs ergaben bei kleiner Effektstärke
(ηp
2=0,03 und 0,02) in jedem der vier
Jahre nach Reha mehr Beitrags- und Versicherungszeiten von Versicherten mit
kurzer AU vor Reha. Rehabilitanden mit geringer Depressionsschwere bei
Reha-Beginn zeigten im selben Zeitraum mehr Versicherungs- aber nicht mehr
Beitragszeiten (ηp
2=0,01).
Fazit Die AU-Dauer vor einer Reha erscheint als ein wichtiger Parameter
für (un)mittelbaren Reha-Erfolg. Zukünftige Studien sollten die
Auswirkung frühzeitiger Aufnahme innerhalb der ersten Monate der AU in
psychosomatische Reha-Maßnahmen weiter differenzieren und
evaluieren.
99mTc-MDP Bone Scan and 18F-FDG PET/CT Imaging of Primary Hepatic Osteosarcoma
Authors: Liu Yao , Tang Wen , Huang Zhongke 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA 65-year-old man presented with abdominal bloating, pain, and nausea for 5 days. Abdominal CT revealed a heterogeneous mass with a large area of calcification, and rupture of the mass was seen around the capsulafibrosa. According to pathological examination after percutaneous puncture biopsy, the histopahological and immunohistochemical findings were suggestive of metastatic or primary hepatic osteosarcoma. Whole body bone scintigraphy demonstrated elevated 99mTc-MDP activity in hepatic mass, but no skeletal lesions. The diagnosis of primary hepatic osteosarcoma was finally confirmed. PET/CT showed hepatic mass with heterogeneous high-uptake, and multiple metastases in portacaval lymph nodes, lungs and the third thoracic vertebra were considered.
Invasive CO2 monitoring with arterial line compared to end tidal CO2 during peroral endoscopic myotomy
Authors: Duarte-Chavez Rodrigo , Tyberg Amy , Sarkar Avik , Shahid Haroon M. , Vemulapalli Bhargav , Shah-Khan Sardar , Gaidhane Monica , Kahaleh Michel 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background and study aims Peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) has become a recognized treatment for achalasia. The technique requires CO2 insufflation. It is estimated that the partial pressure of CO2 (PaCO2) is 2 to 5 mm Hg higher than the end tidal CO2 (etCO2), and etCO2 is used as a surrogate for PaCO2 because PaCO2 requires an arterial line. However, no study has compared invasive and noninvasive CO2 monitoring during POEM.
Patients and methods Seventy-one patients who underwent POEM were included in a prospective comparative study. PaCO2 plus etCO2 was measured in 32 patients (invasive group) and etCO2 only in 39 matched patients (noninvasive group). Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC) and Spearman’s Rho were used to calculate the correlation between PaCO2 and ETCO2.
Results PaCO2 and ETCO2 were strongly correlated: PCC R value: 0.8787 P ≤ 0.00001, Spearman’s Rho R value: 0.8775, P ≤ 0.00001. Within the invasive group, the average difference between PaCO2 and ETCO2 was 3.39 mm Hg (median 3, standard deviation 3.5), within the 2- to 5-mm Hg range. The average procedure time (scope in to scope out) was increased 17.7 minutes (P = 0.044) and anesthesia duration was 46.3 minutes. Adverse events (AEs) included three hematomas and one nerve injury in the invasive group and one pneumothorax in the noninvasive group. There were no differences in AE rates between the groups (13 % vs 3 % P = 0.24).
Conclusions Universal PaCO2 monitoring contributes to increased procedure and anesthesia times without any decrease in AEs in patients undergoing POEM. CO2 monitoring with an arterial line should only be performed in patients with major cardiovascular comorbidities; in all other patients, ETCO2 is an appropriate tool.
Extended delay in endoscopic mucosal resection is not associated with adverse outcomes: Findings from the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Liu Eddie , McDonald Cassandra , Son Surim , Hawel Jeffrey , Hussain Nadeem , Khanna Nitin , Yan Brian , Jairath Vipul , Sey Michael 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background and study aims The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of delayed endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) of colorectal polyps on health outcomes.
Patients and methods A bidirectional cohort study was completed. A baseline group consisting of all EMRs performed within a 15-month period before a province-wide, government-mandated cessation of EMR procedures due to the global pandemic was compared to EMRs impacted by the shutdown, defined as the COVID-19-delayed group. The primary outcome was the incidence of malignant polyps. Secondary outcomes included technical success, polyp recurrence at follow-up colonoscopy, advanced polyp histology, probability of meeting endoscopic criteria for adequate resection for malignant polyps, metastatic colorectal cancer, and complications.
Results A total of 268 EMR procedures were included in the study cohort, of which 208 formed the baseline group and 60 were in the COVID-19-delayed group. The median (IQR) patient age was 72 (13.0) and 113 (41.2 %) were females. The median (IQR) wait time was 92 days (87.8) in the baseline group and 191 days (127.8) in the COVID-19-delayed group (P < 0.001). Overall, there were no significant differences in the incidence of malignant polyps, technical success, polyp recurrence on follow-up colonoscopy, advanced polyp histology, adequate endoscopic resection for malignant polyps, metastatic colorectal cancer, or complications between the two groups (P > 0.05 for all outcomes).
Conclusions A longer wait time for EMR of colorectal polyps, increasing from a median of 92 to 191 days, was not associated with worse outcomes.
Studies Towards The Synthesis of Tartrolons D and E
Authors: Sunnapu Ranganayakulu , Rehman Mintu , Rajendar Goreti , Nanoth Sreya 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA concise and stereoselective synthesis of a key fragment C3-C22 unit of tartrolons D and E is demonstrated. Three crucial fragments are combined to form the 20-carbon chain, which contains four stereogenic centers in the monomeric unit of both natural products. The crucial fragments were synthesized in highly enantioselective routes from commercial starting compounds in two, eight, and two steps, respectively, and coupled using palladium-catalyzed Sonogashira coupling and directed 1,5-asymmetric aldol reaction as key steps.
Palladium-Catalyzed C7–H (Hetero)arylation of Pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrazines with Heteroarenes and Aryl Iodides with the Assistance of Silver Salts
Authors: Nguyen Thanh V. Q. , Levoin Armand , Poli Lorenzo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrazines coupled with heteroarenes and aryl iodides selectively at the C7 position to afford a broad library of bi(hetero)aryl structures under ligand-free palladium-catalyzed conditions. The key to the success of the reaction is the use of silver salts as the oxidant or the base, allowing the regioselective C–H bond functionalization to occur under relatively mild conditions.
Gender-Affirming Voice Surgery: Considerations for Surgical Intervention
Authors: Dwyer Christopher D. , Schneider Sarah L. , Gutierrez Desi , Rosen Clark A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this article is to provide an overview of the current state and available evidence surrounding surgical voice care for the transgender and/or gender expansive population. The term “gender expansive” has been proposed as an inclusive term to classify those who do not identify with traditional gender roles but are otherwise not confined to one gender narrative or experience. We aim to review indications and candidacy for surgery, surgical procedure options for altering vocal pitch, and typical postoperative expectations. The role of voice therapy and considerations for perioperative care will also be discussed.
Single Frontal Burr-Hole Craniostomy Under Local Anesthesia for Treating Chronic Subdural Hematoma in the Septuagenarians and Older Adults: Surgical Technique and Results
Authors: Adeleye Amos Olufemi , Ulasi Bartholomew I. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background Chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) is not a totally benign disease in the elderly patients, especially those aged 70 years and above. Hence, the surgical treatment of CSDH in aged patients needs to be as minimally disruptive as possible.
Methods An annotated description of the surgical technique of single frontal burr-hole craniostomy performed under local anesthesia and without closed tube drainage for evacuating CSDH in the septuagenarians and older adults is given. We also review the outcome of the procedure on a prospective consecutive cohort of patients in our service
Results Thirty patients, 25 males, aged 70 years and above successfully underwent this surgical procedure. Their mean age was 76.5 years (standard deviation, 4.3). The CSDH was bilateral in 30% (9/30), and more left sided in the rest, the unilateral cases, and was of mixed density radiologically, in most cases (73%, 22/30). Clinical presentation was mainly gait impairment, cognitive decline, and headache, and 57% (17/30) presented with coma or stupor as assessed by the Markwalder grading scale.The surgery was successfully executed in all, median duration 45.0 minutes (interquartile range 37.3–60.0), and solely under local anesthesia in 77% (23/30) or with momentary short-acting sedation in the rest. The outcome was very good in 90.0% (27/30) using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) including two-third (20/30) completely asymptomatic (mRS 0) and 7/30 with only slight symptoms/disability, mRS ≤ 2. Three patients died perioperatively, all presenting in coma.
Conclusion This surgical technique appears very effectual for CSDH, is executed at a comparatively low cost, and, being much less disruptive than other traditional methods, may be a more homeostatic operative treatment in geriatric patients at least.