bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of Global Optimization Using Simulated Annealing and Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm: A Comparative Study on the 2022 Mw 5.6 Cianjur Earthquake
Authors: Nugraha Reza 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Determining the hypocenter is vital to the process of analysing an earthquake. In the global optimisation problem to relocate hypocenters, the conventional algorithm often suffers from local minimum and fails to produce satisfactory results. As such, many algorithms have been devised to overcome this problem. This study compares the performance of the very fast simulated annealing (VFSA) algorithm to the artificial bee colony algorithm (ABC) using Cianjur’s 5.6 Mw 2022 earthquake data. The VFSA algorithm mimics the process of cristal-forming metal cooling from a high temperature while adding an exponential annealing schedule to ensure rapid convergence of errors. The ABC algorithm on the other hand models the optimisation process as a bee swarm’s behaviour in searching for food. The earthquake data is fetched from IRIS and synthetic arrival times on five stations are used. Forward modelling is done with homogenous velocity to simplify the process of producing synthetic data. Inversion is then carried out on the same model search space for both algorithms and the results are quantified on 500 simulation runs. It is found that while both results agreed on the same hypocenter that is accurate to the solution obtained from the IRIS data, the VFSA algorithm converges twice as fast as the ABC algorithm with significantly lower RMS error. However, the performance against local minimum is not evaluated, thus may result in different performance compared to other cases. Additionally, a comparison to other studies for both algorithms showed similar results, confirming the accuracy of the algorithms.
MHVSR for the Investigation of Sub-Surface Layer of Tangkuban Parahu Volcano, West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Fachrani Zuhaa , Lesmana Aditya 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Tangkuban Parahu Volcano is one of the active volcanoes in West Java, known for its frequent pheratic eruptions. The volcanic activity in 2013 and 2019 is believed to have influenced the accumulation of sediment in the area surrounding the volcano. This study utilized MHVSR method with three-component microtremor data to analyze the natural frequency distribution of subsurface geological structures around the volcano. This research aims to enhance the insight into the relationship between sub-surface layers, especially the geological structures and microtremors around volcanic environments, by mapping the thickness of volcanic deposits using S-wave velocity profiles. The research used microtremor data from 30 seismic stations, including 5 broadband and 25 temporary seismic stations. The microtremor data had a recording duration of ±24 hours spanning late 2021 to early 2022. Using the MHVSR method, important parameters such as natural frequency (f0) and amplification (A0) were determined. The inversion process provided insights into the Vs profile beneath Tangkuban Parahu Volcano. The results revealed that station TPB1 recorded the lowest f0 value at 1.16 Hz, while station TPA4 registered the highest f0 at 10.94 Hz. Form the inversion result, seen the value of Vs30 is varies, namely 171,72 m/s – 332,75 m/s, with dominance of rock classes D that descript to be medium soil and one station has rock class E which classified as soft soil.
Application of Artificial Intelligence PhaseNet and GaMMa, and NonLinLoc Program in Optimization of Regional Tectonic Earthquake Identification on The Island of Java
Authors: Jut Vincentia Derdya Tyas Mahiswari , Rosalia Shindy , Sahara David Prambudi 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The condition and amount of earthquake data in the world continues to increase along with the increasing capacity and coverage of the global seismic network. Therefore, there is a need for technology that can accommodate the increasing amount of data and process it quickly to help improve data processing efficiency in identifying seismic wave phases. This can help the development of more advanced systems, such as disaster early warning systems in Indonesia. In this study, we apply artificial intelligence, namely PhaseNet and GaMMA, along with probabilistic location determination using NonLinLoc, to optimize the identification of regional tectonic earthquakes in Indonesia, particularly on the Island of Java. Seismogram data from 50 regional tectonic earthquakes on Java Island, Indonesia in 2020, with a magnitude range of 3.28 to 5.49, were used. PhaseNet processing of the seismogram data resulted in P-wave and S-wave picks, where 189 out of 569 picks (33%) demonstrated a time difference of under 3 seconds relative to the BMKG catalog, indicating good accuracy. GaMMa generated a total of 44 event associations from a total of 2207 picks out of 50 events (88%) generated by PhaseNet. After filtering based on the Wadati diagram, the arrival times of 20 events were input into NonLinLoc. Of the 20 input events, 17 events had their hypocenters estimated using NonLinLoc. The comparison between NonLinLoc and the BMKG catalog shows that the minimum, average, and maximum differences for determining the hypocenter location respectively are 3.914 km; 206.270 km; and 57.370 km, with 58% of the events having differences in the range of 20-35 km. In summary, using high-quality input data, the implementation of PhaseNet, GaMMa, and NonLinLoc can optimize the identification of regional tectonic earthquakes on Java Island.
Suitability assessment of nature-based tourism around national Park: Examining potential attractions near Biha Resort, Bukit Barisan Selatan, Indonesia
Authors: Mardiyanto Anggi , Sianipar Corinthias P M , Shibata Shozo 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Areas around national parks offer beautiful landscapes with a promising appeal for nature-based tourism. It provides alternative livelihoods for communities living in nearby settlements and supports conservation efforts. However, suitability assessment for nature-based tourism usually employs time-consuming analytical or spatial approaches that require extensive data collection and full technical analysis, making it challenging for local communities to conduct the assessment independently. Thus, this study aimed to provide a rapid parametric assessment that can immediately be utilized locally. Involving 11 parameters in three aspects (attractiveness, accessibility, and facilities), this study examined 11 natural resources (two beaches, one agroforestry spot, two dams, and six waterfalls) available near Biha Resort, Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park (BBSNP), Indonesia, for their suitability as nature-based tourism attractions. The results showed that their suitability achieved 16/20 points for attractiveness, 15/16 for accessibility, and 15/15 for facilities. Thus, the suitability level for nature-based tourism in the region reached 90.2%, which is considered high. Still, infrastructure development, including roads and other public facilities (e.g., telephone and internet services, public restrooms, transportation, medical facilities, and tourism schools), remains crucial to foster the sustainability of nearby human settlements as the gateway to nature-based tourism.
Land Use Changes for a Sustainable Environment in Cihideung Village
Authors: Rohman M I N , Pratiwi W D 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Applying sustainable development principles in the planning process is crucial in tourism’s dynamic development because the activities can provide positive and negative impacts. The tourism industry is viewed from a holistic approach; it is necessary to consider not only aspects of tourism but also focus on sustainability elements dimensions: economic, social, and ecological. The expert discusses that sustainable development has three features: the continuity of natural resources, balances within culture, and development as a process that enhances the quality of life. This study aims to determine land-use changes and tourism activities over the last 20 years and produces recommendations for neighbourhood environmental sustainability and community welfare. This research uses simple qualitative and quantitative methods supplemented by observations and in-depth interviews with locals and business actors. A regional complex approach in geography, as a combination of a spatial approach and an ecological approach, is used in this analysis stage. The transformation process is also seen from the factors within the scope of the tourism village, such as aspects of the population density, changes in land cover, and infrastructure. The results of this study indicate that, in general, there are apparent changes in aspects of accessibility and improvement of facilities, as well as changes in agricultural land into residential areas. Applying the design of sustainability principles to develop area agro-tourism as a human settlement and economic activity of Cihideung Village is proposed and is related to much research. Application of the principle of sustainability is expected to integrate tourism activities, natural resources, and the residential environment.
Hybrid Biochar-Graphitic Carbon Nitride (g-C3N4) composite Photocatalyst: A Facile Strategy for Enhanced degradation of Ciprofloxacin (CIP)
Authors: Idrees Ijlal , Zafar Muhammad , Umer Malik Adeel , Mir Amna , Rehman Fahad , Faisal Abrar , Razzaq Abdul , Kim Woo Young 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Amongst diversity of pharmaceutical micropollutants degradation methods and to counter the possible hazards posed by these micropollutants in an economical and sustainable way, a new approach of wastewater treatment involving advanced oxidation process (AOP) like photocatalysis offers a viable and economical treatment of micropollutants in wastewater. Amongst variety of photocatalysts, the one that emerged as a most economical, abstemiously thermally stable, innocuous and resourceful semiconductor photocatalyst is graphitic carbon nitride (GCN). Hence, bearing in mind these aspects together with the simplistic preparation approach and visible light absorption of GCN, a composite of GCN with Biochar (BC) is prepared in this contemporary research work aiming towards enhanced degradation of Ciprofloxacin (CIP) through improved visible light absorption and good photoexcited electron-hole separation. The enhancement in the photocatalytic activity of GCN is achieved by changing the quantity of BC. This alteration in BC content led to the creation of an optimum sample with the best degradation efficiency towards CIP. The superlative removal efficiency with 75% removal of CIP was exhibited by 0.22-BGCN sample whose removal efficiency was noted to be 3.5 times higher than GCN (21%). These results are pointing towards the success of composite formation of GCN with BC due to enhanced photocatalytic activity observed in the results and proves the creation of a visible light active (VLA) photocatalyst for efficient removal of pharmaceutical micropollutants like CIP from wastewater. Many different methods are employed to study the physiochemical, textural and optical properties of the prepared material which includes Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area, X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, UV Visible absorption, and Photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy.&#xD;
Study of DC-biased microwave discharge by changing anode structure in a 10-cm diameter ion thruster
Authors: Wang Linwei , Yu Daren 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Research has been carried out on a hybrid discharge ion thruster, aiming to combine the advantages of Direct Current (DC) discharge ion thrusters (known for their high thrust density and high power supply efficiency) with microwave discharge ion thrusters (which do not require a hollow cathode and are capable of efficient ionization at low pressures). Comparative experiments with different anode structures and single-probe diagnostics revealed that applying a DC bias voltage created a new ionization zone based on microwave discharge. This DC bias increased the sheath potential of the screen grid and led to an elevation in electron temperature and plasma density. It is speculated that the reduced loss of highenergy electrons generated by microwave discharge at the screen grid is the primary reason for the enhanced discharge. By adding a DC bias of approximately 50 V to the microwave discharge, the screen&#xD;grid current was doubled without a significant increase in discharge power consumption. Under appropriate bias voltages that consider minimizing ion sputtering, DC bias holds promise as a design approach to increase the extracted beam current in microwave ion thrusters.
Investigating the role of blockchain-enabled drivers on consumers’ organic food consumption: A stimulus-organism-response perspective
Authors: Ta Van Loi , Duong Cong Doanh 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The role of blockchain technology in the organic food supply chain remains largely unexplored. This study leverages insights from the stimulus-organism-response theory to examine how blockchain-driven traceability and transparency affect consumer trust and organic food purchasing behavior. Moreover, it also explores how personal trust and system trust mediate and interact harmoniously and disparately with each other to result in consumers’ purchase decisions. Utilizing a purposive sample of 5,326 consumers in Vietnam, the recent study adopts multiple linear regression and polynomial regression with response surface analysis to assess the hypothesized model. The results reveal that both blockchain-driven traceability and transparency significantly enhance personal trust and system trust, which in turn positively influence organic food purchase behavior. The study also finds that a balance between personal and system trust is crucial for maximizing purchase behavior, while an imbalance in either direction leads to a decrease in purchase behavior. Personal and system trust is also found to significantly mediate the effects of blockchain features on purchase behavior. Based on the findings, several key recommendations have been provided for producers, regulatory bodies, and policymakers.
Soft sensory-neuromorphic system for closed-loop neuroprostheses
Authors: Son Donghee , Kim Jaehyon , Lee Sungjun , Yoon Jiyong 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Prosthetic devices designed to assist individuals with damaged or missing body parts have made significant strides, particularly with advancements in machine intelligence and bioengineering. Initially focused on movement assistance, the field has shifted towards developing prosthetics that function as seamless extensions of the human body. During this progress, a key challenge remains the reduction of interface artifacts between prosthetic components and biological tissues. Soft electronics offer a promising solution due to their structural flexibility and enhanced tissue adaptability. However, achieving full integration of prosthetics with the human body requires both artificial perception and efficient transmission of physical signals. In this context, synaptic devices have garnered attention as next-generation neuromorphic computing elements because of their low power consumption, ability to enable hardware-based learning, and high compatibility with sensing units. These devices have the potential to create artificial pathways for sensory recognition and motor responses, forming a “sensory-neuromorphic system” that emulates synaptic junctions in biological neurons, thereby connecting with impaired biological tissues. Here, we discuss recent developments in prosthetic components and neuromorphic applications with a focus on sensory perception and sensorimotor actuation. Initially, we explore a prosthetic system with advanced sensory units, mechanical softness, and artificial intelligence, followed by the hardware implementation of memory devices that combine calculation and learning functions. We then highlight the importance and mechanisms of soft-form synaptic devices that are compatible with sensing units. Furthermore, we review an artificial sensory-neuromorphic perception system that replicates various biological senses and facilitates sensorimotor loops from sensory receptors, the spinal cord and motor neurons. Finally, we propose insights into the future of closed-loop neuroprosthetics through the technical integration of soft electronics, including bio-integrated sensors and synaptic devices, into prosthetic systems.
The Higher Education Wage Premium
Authors: Parr Tom 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Because higher education opens doors to more lucrative offers of employment, those who graduate from university tend to earn more than their counterparts who attain only a high school education. Notwithstanding variations across countries, this higher education wage premium has increased spectacularly over the past forty years. This chapter starts with an account of why we should worry about this trend—one that emphasizes the threat that it poses to equality of opportunity. The chapter then considers and evaluates two strategies for combatting the growing higher education wage premium, which relate to widening participation in higher education and to improving the economic prospects of those with no more than a high school education. This chapter argues in support of the latter, and elaborates on its implications for funding for vocational training.
Linguistic Idealism and the Genealogy of Negation
Authors: Gaskin Richard 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The chapter presents an argument for linguistic idealism based on the nature of negation. It is attractive to locate the core idea of negation in the operation of exclusion, but exclusion is both a real and a verbal phenomenon: which status drives which? The chapter considers the nature of positivity and negativity, explores some of the symmetries and asymmetries between them, and argues that negation essentially imports the idea of incompatibility ranges. These are in turn to be identified with categories, in the sense of distinct subject matters of discourse, so that the phenomenon of negation—not merely verbal negation but also real—depends essentially on language.
Non-active voice in heritage Greek
Authors: Alexiadou Artemis , Rizou Vasiliki 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The present study explores the use of non-active (NAct) Voice by heritage Greek speakers (HSs) residing in Germany and in the United States. Previous literature has suggested that the acquisition of NAct Voice is vulnerable in bilingual populations, as it is related to a more complex and underspecified structure. An explanation of this pattern was given following the Syntactic Complexity Hypothesis. In our study, we will focus on productions of NAct Voice that seem to go against this general tendency. Specifically, we will see that certain speakers generalize NAct morphology in transitive variants of alternating verbs, i.e., anticausatives, and moreover, they create novel transitive deponents, although this is very limited. We interpret these two findings as follows: the first one suggests that HSs generalize NAct as a marker of intransitivity. By contrast, the second one supports an analysis of the Greek Voice system according to which a structure containing NAct can be productively employed to yield new meanings, as recently proposed by Oikonomou and Alexiadou (2022).
The shape and size of defective domains
Authors: Putnam Michael T 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Although Pennsylvania Dutch (PD) has retained many German(ic) syntactic traits, there are a number of recent developments in its representation of non-finite clauses, i.e., defective domains that warrant further investigation. Two particular changes stand out: First, over the course of the last 100–150 years, PD has “lost” its infinitival marker, replacing it with the complementizer fer, which appears in C. Second, PD has developed a defective clausal gerund, however, it currently lacks clausal gerunds. Both of these phenomena can be accounted for in a straightforward and unified manner: PD continues to exercise the general tendency of Germanic languages to not project Spec,TP as a final landing site for subjects. This state of affairs exemplifies important trends in HL syntax, namely, (1) that mental representations play a central role in determining the limits and boundaries of syntactic change and transfer and (2) Representational Economy in HL syntax should not only be viewed as a call for the reduction of the size of computational domains.
The DP layer in heritage Norwegian
Authors: Lohndal Terje , van Baal Yvonne 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Across heritage grammars, Polinsky (2018) argues that the D layer in nominal phrases is a resilient area. Given that D typically hosts determiners, we would expect the use of determiners to be robust across heritage languages. In this chapter, we will discuss this claim and test it against data from heritage Norwegian. Specifically, we will focus on North American Norwegian, which is a heritage language spoken in the United States and Canada. We argue that properties at the top of a structure do not have to be stable, which aligns with findings regarding other phrasal categories as well. In addition, stable properties do not need to be at the top of the structure. This points toward the need for more fine-grained predictions regarding the resilience of grammatical features and exponents in heritage languag grammars. It also underscores the importance of understanding the syntax of the baseline variety and taking it into consideration before making predictions about the syntax of the heritage variety.
Relational Changes
Authors: Bruskin Signe 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Relational changes are crucial to the organization’s social dynamics and influence the employees’ well-being and loyalty to their workplace. Examples include getting a new leader and a colleague resigning, fundamentally changing the organization’s culture and social dynamics. Seeing relations at work as being like a cobweb helps us understand their complexity. Even though we tend to focus more on the relational changes that influence us negatively, there is excellent potential for relational changes to be positive. Thus, opportunities to work proactively with relations at work may be created through micro actions, ultimately increasing the organization’s knowledge sharing, problem-solving, and creativity.
What is State Death?
Authors: Lemke Douglas 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This chapter parallels Chapter 1, except here the deep dive concerns operational definitions of state death. If we expand the operational definition of states, we must also expand the operational definition of state death. Figure 2.1 categorizes eight types of state death, all of which are represented in my framework, but only one and parts of two others are considered in past research on state death. Clearly, a great deal of international relations behavior has been excluded by past researchers. I close the chapter describing the uncomfortable gray area between peaceful state deaths and regime change, offering many examples to clarify how I coded difficult cases.