bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Malignant hyperthermia and Alzheimer's disease causative mutations modulate calcium signaling in T lymphocytes.
Authors: Fomina Alla , Fuller-Wilmarth Eva , Williamson Casey 
Published: May 2023

Intracellular Ca2+ channels play a pivotal role in lymphocyte Ca2+ signaling and functions, but how the mutations in these channels that cause diseases of the brain and muscle affect the T cell Ca2+ signaling are poorly understood. Gain-of-function RyR1-p.R163C mutation in ryanodine receptor 1 (RyR1) deregulates Ca2+ signaling in skeletal muscle and causes malignant hyperthermia syndrome in humans under triggering conditions. Mutations in the presenilin 1 gene have been associated with an early onset of familial Alzheimer's dementia (AD). We explored whether mutations in ryanodine receptor 1 ( RyR1-p.R163C) and presenilin 1 (PS1-dE9) genes encoding intracellular Ca2+ release channels affect Ca2+ responses in T lymphocytes.We found that T lymphocytes from heterozygous RyR1-p.R163C knock-in mutant mice (HET T cells) display measurable aberrations in resting cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i), Ca2+ release from the intracellular store, and store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE), compared with the WT T cells. Pretreatment of HET T cells with ryanodine receptor inhibitors ryanodine or dantrolene reduced disparities between HET and WT T cells in the resting [Ca2+]i, and the ability of thapsigargin, an inhibitor of the sarco-endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA), to mobilize Ca2+ from the store. Furthermore, T cells from TgF344-AD rats (TgF344-AD T cells) expressing mutant PS1-dE9 gene display enhanced SOCE elicited in the presence of SERCA activity compared with the WT T cells. Pretreatment of TgF344-AD T cells with dantrolene reduced differences in SOCE between TgF344-AD T cells and WT T cells. These findings indicate that intracellular Ca2+ release channel channelopathies associated with neurological and skeletal muscle dysfunctions may affect T cell-mediated immune responses. Whether the altered immune cell responses contribute to the pathogenesis of malignant hyperthermia and AD diseases remains to be determined. This is the full abstract presented at the American Physiology Summit 2023 meeting and is only available in HTML format. There are no additional versions or additional content available for this abstract. Physiology was not involved in the peer review process.
Exploring the Value of a High-Precision Targeted Observation Strategy for Mobile Radiosonde Deployment
Authors: Arseneau Isaac , Ancell Brian 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Ensemble sensitivity analysis (ESA) is a numerical method by which the potential value of a single additional observation can be estimated using an ensemble numerical weather forecast. By performing ESA observation targeting on runs of the Texas Tech University WRF Ensemble from the spring of 2016, a dataset of predicted variance reductions (hereinafter referred to as target values) was obtained over approximately 6 weeks of convective forecasts for the central United States. It was then ascertained from these cases that the geographic variation in target values is large for any one case, with local maxima often several standard deviations higher than the mean and surrounded by sharp gradients. Radiosondes launched from the surface, then, would need to take this variation into account to properly sample a specific target by launching upstream of where the target is located rather than directly underneath. In many cases, the difference between the maximum target value in the vertical and the actual target value observed along the balloon path was multiple standard deviations. This may help to explain the lower-than-expected forecast improvements observed in previous ESA targeting experiments, especially the Mesoscale Predictability Experiment (MPEX). If target values are a good predictor of observation value, then it is possible that taking the balloon path into account in targeting systems for radiosonde deployment may substantially improve on the value added to the forecast by individual observations.
Societal Attention to Heat Waves Can Indicate Public Health Impacts
Authors: Bogdanovich Ekaterina , Guenther Lars , Reichstein Markus , Frank Dorothea , Ruhrmann Georg , Brenning Alexander , Denissen Jasper M. C. , Orth René 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Both the frequency and intensity of hot temperature extremes are expected to increase in the coming decades, challenging various socioeconomic sectors including public health. Therefore, societal attention data available in real time, such as Google search attention, could help monitor heat-wave impacts in domains with lagged data availability. Here, we jointly analyze societal attention and health impacts of heat waves in Germany at weekly time scales. We find that Google search attention responds similarly to hot temperatures as indicators of public health impacts, represented by excess mortality and hospitalizations. This emerges from piecewise linear relationships of Google search attention to and health impacts of temperature. We can then determine temperature thresholds above which both attention and public health are affected by heat. More generally, given the clear and similar response of societal indicators to heat, we conclude that heat waves can and should be defined from a joint societal and meteorological perspective, whereby temperatures are compared with thresholds established using societal data. A better joint understanding of societal attention and health impacts offers the potential to better manage future heat waves.
Impact of Nasal Cavity CT Opacification Upon Sinonasal Quality of Life
Authors: Shih Michael C. , Edwards Thomas S. , Snyder Jacob , Germroth Matthew , Nguyen Shaun A. , Schlosser Rodney J. 
Published: May 2023

Background: Current methods of quantifying inflammation in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) on computed tomography (CT) imaging focus on opacification of the paranasal sinuses and show limited correlation with patient-reported outcome measures. Objective: This study aimed to determine if quantifying CT opacification of the nasal cavity correlated with Sino-Nasal Outcomes Test scores (SNOT-22). Methods: Thirty patients with CRS were enrolled. Lund-Mackay and SNOT-22 scores were measured. Nasal cavity regions of interest (ROIs) were measured by 2 independent raters using ImageJ at 3 points on coronal CT scans: anteriorly at the lacrimal duct, at the approximate midpoint demarcated by the posterior aspect of the globe, and posteriorly at the transition from the hard to soft palate. Superior and inferior regions were defined based upon the root of the inferior turbinate. Percent opacification was calculated for each ROI. Analyses were conducted bilaterally and for the side with greater opacification (worse side). Results: Interrater reliability was strong for all ROIs. Lund-Mackay scores correlated with nasal blockage only ( r = .495, P = .01) and did not correlate with nasal cavity ROI opacification. Inferior nasal cavity opacification for worse-sided anterior ROI and middle ROI correlated with SNOT-22 scores for nasal blockage (anterior r = .41, P = .03) (middle r = .42, P = .023) and runny nose (anterior r = .44, P = .02) (middle r = .38, P = .04). Posterior ROIs did not correlate with SNOT-22. Conclusions: Traditional CT scoring of sinus opacification does not correlate well with nasal cavity opacification or SNOT-22. Inferior nasal cavity inflammation provides unique correlations with SNOT-22 nasal questions and may guide targeted interventions in these regions.
Meningitis Risk and Role of Prophylactic Antibiotics in Spontaneous Lateral Skull Base CSF Leaks
Authors: Quimby Alexandra E. , De Ravin Emma , Eliades Steven J. , Brant Jason A. , Bigelow Douglas , Ruckenstein Michael J. 
Published: May 2023

Objective: To review the literature and our institutional experience regarding the risk of meningitis in patients with spontaneous lateral skull base cerebrospinal fluid (sCSF) leaks awaiting surgical repair, and the roles of antibiotic prophylaxis and pneumococcal vaccination, if known. Methods: A retrospective chart review and systematic review of the literature was undertaken to identify the incidence of meningitis in patients with sCSF leaks awaiting surgical repair. Adults managed surgically for sCSF leaks at an academic tertiary care center over a 10-year period were included. Data was collected on receipt of prophylactic antibiotics and/or pneumococcal vaccines during the timeframe between diagnosis and surgical repair. Results: Institutional review identified 87 patients who underwent surgical repair of spontaneous leaks, with a 0% incidence of meningitis over a median duration of 2 months while awaiting surgery (mean 5.5 months, range 0.5-118 months). Eighty-eight percent of patients did not receive prophylactic antibiotics. No studies in the published literature demonstrated the impact of prophylactic antibiotics or pneumococcal vaccine on meningitis risk. Conclusions: There appears to be a low risk of meningitis among patients with lateral skull base sCSF leaks awaiting surgery for short durations (≤2 months), even in the absence of prophylactic antibiotics. There is a substantial gap in the published literature assessing the risk of meningitis and roles of antibiotics and vaccination in this patient population, indicating the need for large-scale study to conclusively elucidate the nature of this risk.
The Next Giant Leap for Space Human Factors: The Opportunities
Authors: Marquez Jessica J. , Landon Lauren Blackwell , Salas Eduardo 
Published: May 2023

Objective Propose areas of future space human factors research. Background Deep space, long-duration human spaceflight missions to the Moon and Mars still require advances in space human factors research. Key drivers relate to astronauts living and working in isolation, new novel technologies required to accomplish exploration missions, and the longer durations of these. Results Three areas of research are proposed for methods and techniques: (1) to enable more autonomous astronauts; (2) to monitor crew and improve ground team situation awareness; and (3) to detect and support changes in long-duration team coordination. Conclusions Future human exploration missions will benefit from advances in space human factors research. Application Human factors researchers can contribute to human spaceflight by prioritizing these research topics.
Prevalence of Suicidal Behaviors in Residents of Long-Term Care Facilities: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Bareeqa Syeda Beenish , Samar Syeda Sana , Masood Yasir , Husain Mustafa M. 
Published: May 2023

Background Long-term care facilities (LTC) plays a pivotal role in caring for geriatric population. However, the risk of suicide in long-term care institutions among older individuals is little understood (e.g., nursing homes, assisted living facilities). Objective The purpose of this systematic review is to pool and meta-analyze the data on prevalence of suicidal behaviors in geriatric population residing in long-term care facilities. Methods We have conducted the systematic review in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. The utilized databases are Pubmed, Medline, Google scholar and Scopus. The Meta-analysis was done using OpenMeta [analyst] software. Subgroup analysis was also performed. Results After running an analysis on pooled data from twenty cross-sectional studies with 3,023,224 participants, the prevalence of suicidal behavior is 6.4% (95% CI = 5.7–7) in LTC. Conclusion This meta-analysis shows pooled prevalence of suicidal behavior among geriatric residents of LTC was found to be moderately high all over the world.
Spindle Epithelial Tumor With Thymus-Like Differentiation of Thyroid (SETTLE): A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Lu Dan , Zhang Yi , Zhao Runyu , Zhou Enhui , Xue Xiaocheng , Li Can , Huang Shuixian , Chen Xiaoping 
Published: May 2023

Spindle epithelial tumor with thymus-like differentiation of thyroid (SETTLE) is very rare neoplasm with 2 cellular forms, epithelial cell and spindle cell, and most reported cases have been in young people. An 11-year-old boy presented with painless swelling of the right neck lasting for more than 2 months. A tumor size measuring approximately 3 × 3 cm was resected, and intraoperative frozen pathology suggested a spindle cell tumor, which was confirmed as SETTLE by immunohistochemical staining and external hospital consultation. The immunohistochemical staining profile of the resected tumor tissue was as follows: cytokeratin (CK) (+), smooth muscle actin (weak+), vimentin (+), CK7 (focal+), B-cell lymphoma 2 (partial+), CD99 (−), calcitonin (+), galectin-3 (+), CK19 (+), and Ki-67 (10%+). Ultrasound at 1-year postoperative follow-up revealed no local recurrence of the lesion or lymph node metastasis in the thyroid gland. We summarized the disease characteristics of SETTLE among 6 cases reported to date and found that SETTLE is associated with a good prognosis and low postoperative recurrence rate. Thus, for this type of malignant thyroid tumor, diagnosis depends mainly on postoperative pathology and immunohistochemical staining and simple surgical resection is recommended.
Venoarterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation With or Without Advanced Intervention for Massive Pulmonary Embolism
Authors: Cardona Stephanie , Downing Jessica V , Witting Michael D , Haase Daniel J , Powell Elizabeth K , Dahi Siamak , Pasrija Chetan , Tran Quincy K 
Published: May 2023

Introduction Massive pulmonary embolism (MPE) is a rare but highly fatal condition. Our study’s objective was to evaluate the association between advanced interventions and survival among patients with MPE treated with venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO). Methods This is a retrospective review of the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization (ELSO) registry data. We included adult patients with MPE who were treated with VA-ECMO during 2010–2020. Our Primary outcome was survival to hospital discharge; secondary outcomes were ECMO duration among survivors and rates of ECMO-related complications. Clinical variables were compared using the Pearson chi-square and Kruskal-Wallis H tests. Results We included 802 patients; 80 (10%) received SPE and 18 (2%) received CDT. Overall, 426 (53%) survived to discharge; survival was not significantly different among those treated with SPE or CDT on VA-ECMO (70%) versus VA-ECMO alone (52%) or SPE or CDT before VA-ECMO (52%). Multivariable regression found a trend towards increased survival among those treated with SPE or CDT while on ECMO (AOR 1.8, 95% CI 0.9–3.6), but no significant correlation. There was no association between advanced interventions and ECMO duration among survivors, or rates of ECMO-related complications. Conclusion Our study found no difference in survival in patients with MPE who received advanced interventions prior to ECMO, and a slight non-significant benefit in those who received advanced interventions while on ECMO.
Associations of Subjective Memory with Life Space and Neighborhood Built Environment in Older Adults in the ACTIVE Study
Authors: Wallace Gail , Bell Tyler , Black Sheila , Crowe Michael , Thorpe Roland J. , Pope Caitlin , Rebok George W. 
Published: May 2023

Objectives: To investigate the longitudinal association of life space and neighborhood and built environment (NBE) with subjective memory among individuals 65 and older, and the mediating role of depressive symptoms, a major correlate of life space mobility, NBE, and subjective memory. Methods: We examined community-dwelling participants in the Advanced Cognitive Training for Independent and Vital Elderly study ( N = 2,622, Mean age = 73.7 years, 24.9% Black) across annual assessments of up to 3 years. Results: Baseline life space and NBE were positively associated with subjective memory, and these associations were partly mediated by depressive symptoms. Over time, higher baseline life space predicted a better subjective memory as one aged. Life space was concurrently associated with subjective memory across time, mediated by concurrent depressive symptoms. Discussion: Potentially modifiable environmental factors such as life space and NBE appear to influence level and change in subjective memory as we age. Interventions supporting movement in our environments may help offset subjective memory problems, a potential early sign of dementia.
Perception and experience of altruism in graduate nursing students
Authors: Gu Xinyu , Yang Yanxia , Gong Hao , Zhou Luojing 
Published: May 2023

Background Altruism is the core of nursing professionalism. Graduate nursing education in China started late and is still developing, exploring the current state of altruistic behavior and the perceived experience of altruism among graduate nursing students may have important implications for nursing education. Objective Explore the current state of altruistic behavior and the perceived experience of altruism among graduate nursing students in China. Research design This is a descriptive phenomenological qualitative research study, semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted. Seventeen graduate nursing students from three schools were selected to participate in the study. Colaizzi’s analysis method was performed with NVivo software to develop common themes from the data. Ethical considerations The research proposal was approved by the Research Ethic Committee of Yangzhou University, China. Results Four themes emerged from the analysis of the interviews of the 17 participants: “Definition of altruism,” “Altruism in the nursing profession,” “Altruism applied in practice,” and “Factors influencing altruistic behavior.” Conclusions Although participants indicated that the concept of “altruism” was relatively new to them, altruistic behavior is common in both their work and life. Many factors influence the altruistic behavior of graduate nursing students, including the environment, personal factors, education, recipient factors, occupational factors, and gains and losses. Families, schools, and hospitals should create favorable environments to foster altruistic tendencies in students.
Influence of miR-142-3p on Pulmonary Fibrosis Through Regulation of p53/NF-κB
Authors: Shen Ye , Li Heng-Jie , Zhang Ke , Li Sheng-Qin , Xu Ying-Ge 
Published: May 2023

Objectives To investigate the role of miR-142-3p in the bleomycin-induced idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) mouse model and elucidate its targets. Methods In vitro model: Alveolar epithelial cells (AECs) were isolated and treated with bleomycin (50 µg/mL) or PBS for 12 h. In vivo model: Bleomycin (5 mg/kg) was injected into the trachea under anesthesia and aseptic conditions, and controls were treated with equal saline. After the completion of modeling, proteins and RNA were extracted. p53/NF-κB signaling factors were evaluated by western blot or immunohistochemistry. IL-1β and MMP-9 levels were measured by ELISA. The lentiviral transfection technique was used to overexpress miR-142-3p. Results In IPF, miR-142-3p was identified to play a negative regulatory role in lung epithelial cell senescence. Bleomycin treatment significantly reduced miR-142-3p expression in a concentration-dependent manner in vitro. miR-142-3p overexpression inhibited bleomycin-induced cellular senescence in vivo. In particular, miR-142-3p negatively regulated collagen deposition in pulmonary fibrosis by regulating p53/NF-κB expression. Conclusion MiR-142-3p plays an important role in the development of IPF by negatively regulating the p53/NF-κB network.
Patient Reported Outcome Following the Skoog Unilateral Cleft Lip Repair among Adults- a Long-Term Cohort Study and Comparison to a Non-cleft Population
Authors: Peroz Roshan , Hakelius Malin , Falk-Delgado Alberto , Phua Yun , Mani Maria 
Published: May 2023

Objective The study primarily aimed to compare satisfaction with lip appearance among adults treated for unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) with Skoog's primary lip repair procedure to those without clefts. The secondary aim was to determine whether satisfaction with lip appearance and the desire to change the lip/face appearance correlated with the number of secondary lip revisions performed. Design Long-term follow-up Patients/settings All UCLP patients treated at the Uppsala University Hospital born between 1960- and 1987 (n  =  109) were invited. At an average of 37 years following the primary lip repair, the participation rate was 76% (n  =  83). A control group of adults without cleft (n  =  67) completed the same study protocol for comparison. Main Outcome Measures Satisfaction with appearance was measured with The Satisfaction with Appearance Questionnaire (SWA) and a modified version of the Body Cathexis -Scale was used to assess the desire to change the lip and facial appearance. Results UCLP patients were less satisfied with their lip, face, and overall appearance and reported a greater desire to change the appearance of their lips and face than non-cleft controls (p < 0.001). Dissatisfaction with lip appearance correlated to a greater willingness to change the appearance of the lip and face. No correlation was found between satisfaction with appearance and the number of the previously performed secondary lip revisions. Conclusion Adults treated for UCLP are less satisfied with the appearance of their lips compared to the non-cleft population. The number of secondary revisions does not necessarily correlate to greater satisfaction with lip appearance.
Apelin and Visfatin Expression in Placental Tissue in Women With Preeclampsia and Overweight/Obesity
Authors: Braga Ana Paula dos Santos Xavier , Silva Diana Matos , de Farias Lelis Deborah , Farias Rogério Estevam , Paraíso Alanna Fernandes , Santos Sérgio Henrique Sousa , Martins Andrea Maria Eleutério de Barros Lima , Andrade João Marcus Oliveira 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundPreeclampsia (PE) is a multifunctional and multisystem disorder. Several factors favor the development of PE, including obesity. Cytokines are also expressed in the placenta, predisposing to local alterations that favor the development of distinct pathological processes, including PE. This study aimed to evaluate the apelin and visfatin mRNA expression in the placental tissue of women with preeclampsia and overweight/obesity and correlates with maternal and fetal variables.MethodsA cross-sectional analytical study was performed with 60 pregnant women and their newborns. Clinical, anthropometric, and laboratory variables were collected. Placental tissue samples were obtained, and the apelin and visfatin mRNA expression levels were assessed by qRT-PCR.ResultsThe main findings evidenced lower levels of apelin expression in overweight/obese women, accompanied by a negative correlation with BMI and pre-pregnancy weight; a higher expression of apelin was also observed in women with late PE and no personal history of PE. For visfatin levels, higher expression levels were observed in women with late PE and term delivery. Furthermore, a positive correlation was observed between visfatin levels and fetal anthropometric parameters, such as weight, length, and head circumference.ConclusionApelin levels were less expressed in overweight/obese women. Apelin and visfatin levels were correlated/associated with maternal-fetal variables.