bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of prayer on the self-care agency and hope in hemodialysis patients
Authors: ASLAN Kevser Sevgi Ünal , ÇETINKAYA Funda 
Published: February 2023

Background:
The level of self-care of hemodialysis patients is important in controlling the disease process and symptoms. Nursing care has an important place in the process of resolving existing or developing problems of patients receiving hemodialysis treatment and in adapting to treatment. Prayer is not only a resource that encourages religious/spiritual coping, it is also a spirituality that strengthens hope.

Objective:
The objective of this study is to determine whether prayer has an effect on self-care agency and hope in hemodialysis patients.

Materials and Methods:
This is a descriptive and correlational study which was conducted with 180 patients in a private and a public dialysis center. The data of 173 hemodialysis patients who met the inclusion criteria were collected using personal information form, Herth Hope Scale, Self-care Agency Scale, and Prayer Attitude Scale.

Results:
A positive, moderate, and statistically significant correlation was found between the Prayer Attitude Scale and total score (r = 0.144, P = 0.048) and sub-scale future (r = 0.350, P = 0.000) of Herth Hope Scale. And there was positive correlation between the Prayer Attitude Scale and the total score of Self-care Agency Scale (r = 0.599, P = 0.000) and its five sub-dimensions drug use (r = 0.566, P = 0.000), diet (r = 0.619, P = 0.000), self-monitoring (r = 0.522, P = 0.000), hygienic care (r = 0.576, P = 0.000) and mental status (r = 0.328, P = 0.000).

Conclusions:
The study found that prayer had a positive effect on self-care agency and hope in hemodialysis patients.
Changes in Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein-Immunoreactive Astrocytes in the Prefrontal Cortex of the Male Rat following Chronic Khat Use
Authors: Karau Paul Bundi , Odula Paul , Obimbo Moses , Ihunwo Amadi Ogonda , Nkomozepi Pilani , Karau Muriira 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background:
Long-term khat consumption is associated with significant neurocognitive changes, which have been elucidated in behavioral studies. With current research showing the centrality of astrocytes and other glial cells in neuronal signaling, there is possibility that these cells are also affected by chronic khat use. There is little literature on the structural changes in the prefrontal cortex neuronal and astrocytic cytoarchitecture and morphometry in chronic khat users.

Objective:
The objective of this study was to describe the changes in astrocyte morphometry and structure in rats after long-term use of khat (miraa).

Materials and Methods:
Adult male Wistar rats, aged 2–3 months, weighing 200–300 g were randomized into four groups of 10 each (control, Group 1, Group 2, and Group 3) to correspond with those used as controls and those that received 500 mg/kg, 1000 mg/kg, and 2000 mg/kg body weight khat extracts, respectively. Fresh khat leaves were purchased from Maua market in Meru, and crude extract was prepared using lyophilization. The control rats were fed on normal diet, while the experimental groups were fed on normal diet and khat extracts using oral gavage for 6 weeks. The animals were sacrificed and their brains were removed. We performed immunohistochemical visualization of astrocytes using glial fibrillary acidic protein. Photomicrographs of the stained sections were transferred to ImageJ Fiji software to study the astrocyte density and astrocytic processes. We used Kruskal–Wallis test to correlate the four animal groups in terms of astrocyte densities.

Results:
We observed an increase in the average number of astrocytes with increasing doses of khat compared to controls, with those in Group 3 (2000 mg/kg) having an exuberant reactive astrocytosis. Further, escalating khat doses resulted in increased glial fibrillary acidic protein immunoreactivity in the nuclei and astrocytic processes, gliotic changes, and increased complexity of astrocytic processes.

Conclusion:
Chronic khat use, especially at high doses, results in reactive astrocytosis and astrogliosis, which may be part of the mechanisms involved in the cognitive changes associated with its use.
The Possible Ameliorating Role of Fisetin on Hepatic Changes Induced by Fluoxetine in Adult Male Albino Rats: Histological, Immunohistochemical, and Biochemical Study
Authors: Shaer Dina Fouad El , Halim Hend Ibrahim Abd El 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background:
Fluoxetine (FLX) is one of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, it is widely used to treat neuropsychiatric disorders including depression, but high doses can cause several adverse effects. Fisetin (FIS), a bioactive flavonoid presents in vegetables and fruits, has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects.

Aim:
To evaluate the possible ameliorating effect of FIS on the hepatic alterations induced by FLX in adult male albino rats.

Materials and Methods:
Our study was done, for 3-weeks, on 48 rats that were divided into four groups: Group I (control), Group II received FIS orally (100 mg/kg/day), Group III received FLX orally (10 mg/kg/day), and Group IV concomitantly received FLX and FIS at the same dose and manner of groups II and III. Blood and liver samples were obtained and prepared for histological, immunohistochemical, and biochemical studies.

Results:
FLX group revealed disturbed liver architecture, hepatocytes with vacuolated cytoplasm, inflammatory cellular infiltration, blood extravasation, and congestion of blood vessels in addition to, a significant increase in the area percentage of caspase-3, inducible nitric oxide synthase and the number of glial fibrillary acidic protein-expressing cells as well as a significant decrease in the area percentage of periodic acid–Schiff stain. Moreover, FLX significantly increased aspartate-aminotransferase and alanine-aminotransferase levels in the serum. In addition, FLX increased malondialdehyde level and decreased superoxide dismutase, glutathione (GSH) peroxidase, and reduced GSH levels in liver tissue. The concomitant administration of FIS ameliorated these alterations.

Conclusions:
Administration of FIS ameliorated the histological, immunohistochemical, and biochemical alterations induced by FLX in the liver of adult male albino rats.
The Diagnostic Challenge of Sialolithiasis
Authors: Bukhary Sahar M. N. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The major salivary glands (parotid, submandibular, and sublingual) are most frequently obstructed by calculi within the salivary gland, or more uncommonly, by ranulas. Despite the well-defined clinical and radiographic diagnostic features, sialolithiasis may sometimes be confused with sialadenitis and ranulas, especially when encountered in general dental practice. We, therefore, present a case that illustrates this diagnostic dilemma to highlight the salient features of all three conditions. A 28-year-old female presented with a history of a submandibular swelling for 8 months. On intraoral examination, a bluish sublingual swelling was identified at the left side of the lingual frenum, causing a slight elevation of the tongue. The preliminary diagnosis was of a ranula; however, the clinical history suggested sialolithiasis. A hard structure was palpated in the submandibular gland, and a mandibular occlusal film revealed a large ductal sialolith. Sialolithotomy was performed under local anesthesia, and a single 7.2 mm stone was retrieved. The postoperative follow-up period was uneventful, with good healing and restored normal salivary flow. Despite the fairly clear clinical and radiographic diagnostic criteria suggestive of sialolithiasis, the bluish-tinged swelling of the floor of the mouth prompted the examining dentist to provisionally diagnose a ranula. Sialolithiasis is a common obstructive condition of the salivary gland encountered in the dental setting. Despite the clinical and radiographic features usually guiding the correct diagnosis, it can be a challenging diagnosis for less experienced dentists, who must always carefully consider the history, clinical, and radiographic findings.
Evaluation of Morphological, Clinical, and Prognostic Significance of Nucleophosmin Gene Mutation in de novo Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Pandit Sudarshan Venkat , Wasekar Nilesh , Badarkhe Girish , Bajaj Rajat , Ramesh Yasam Venkata , Nagarkar Raj 
Published: February 2023

Introduction:
Nucleophosmin 1 (NPM1) is a molecular chaperone protein. Mutation of NPM1 gene is identified to be one of the most predominant molecular abnormalities in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Among the genetic mutations, NPM1 along with FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) mutations lead to poor prognosis and unfavorable outcomes in patients with AML.

Methods:
This was a retrospective study conducted for 2 years at a leading cancer care center in India. A total of 10 patients were identified to be NPM1 positive in 50 identified AML patients.

Results:
In 10 NPM1-positive patients, eight patients were female. All were adults with a median age of 39.3 years. The majority of the patients were presented with Auer rod (7/10) and intranuclear cup-like inclusions (7/10) with increased number of blasts in peripheral blood smear (77.88%). Lymphadenopathy was absent in all patients. Morphological analysis has shown blast cells with a cup shape and prominent nucleoli with indentation. Whereas, immunophenotyping analysis has shown lower positivity of cluster of differentiation 34 (12%) and lack of human leukocyte antigen-DR expression (34%).

Conclusion:
The presence of NPM1 mutations alone without FLT3 mutations in patients with AML was observed to have a better prognosis of the disease. Early identification of such mutations by morphological and immunophenotyping analysis can play a vital role in treatment initiation at the earliest for better prognosis and clinical outcomes without much delay.
Evaluation of the Effect of Yoga on Symptom Burden and Quality of Life Impairment in Head-and-Neck Cancer Patients Receiving Radiotherapy
Authors: Chobe Meenakshi , Ram Amritanshu , Rao Raghavendra , Chobe Shivaji 
Published: February 2023

Introduction:
Psychological stress has been implicated in the onset and exacerbations of several diseases, including cancer. Psychosocial factors have been associated with a higher cancer incidence, poorer survival, and higher cancer mortality. The present study aimed to see the relationship of symptom burden and quality of life (QoL) impairment in head-and-neck cancer (HNC) patients undergoing radiotherapy with perceptions of yoga intervention.

Methodology:
The present study was a one-time survey conducted on 53 patients with HNC. The main outcome variables of the study were symptom severity and burden, which were assessed by The MD Anderson Symptom Inventory (MDASI) QoL impairment by using the European Organization for Research and Treatment in Cancer H and N 35 questionnaire and survey questions were prepared and administered to elicit the perceptions of patients toward a yoga.

Results:
The mean age of the study population was 56.5 ± 12.34 years. The perceived benefit of yoga among the yoga practitioners was 66%, and on the other hand, the perceived benefit of conventional treatment among nonyoga practitioners was only 23%. The HNC patients performing yoga along with conventional treatment experienced significantly less distress as compared to the nonyoga practitioners.

Conclusion:
The study has shown that the yoga practitioners experience less psychological distress as compared to the nonyoga practitioners and their perceived benefits were higher. Yoga also reinforced beliefs in conventional treatment. This may be probably useful in improving compliance with conventional treatment. Therefore, adding yoga to the conventional treatment can prove to be an important and useful adjunct.
Initial Presentation and Time to Treatment in Early Lyme Disease
Authors: Rebman Alison W. , Yang Ting , Yoon Isaac , Powell Debra , Geller Steven A. , Aucott John N. 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT.
The erythema migrans (EM) rash is an important initial diagnostic sign of early Lyme disease. We tested the hypothesis that patients who noticed EM first differed from those who noticed viral-like symptoms first. “EM First” participants (167/271, 61.6%) had shorter illness duration before treatment (5.0 versus 6.2 days, P = 0.019), were more likely to have seen or removed a tick (P = 0.048) and to be non-Hispanic White (P = 0.025), and were less likely to present with disseminated lesions at the time of diagnosis (P = 0.003) than “Symptoms First” participants (104/271, 38.4%). In multivariate analyses, EM First participants had a 22% decrease in time to treatment (P = 0.012) compared with Symptoms First participants, suggesting that initial presentation affects time to treatment. In a large minority of patients, EM may not be the initial sign or symptom of early Lyme disease. There is a need for rapid diagnostics and improved physician awareness of the varied manifestations of early Lyme disease.
Water and Handwashing in a Drought-Prone Region of Southern Niger: How Environment, Household Infrastructure, and Exposure to Social and Behavior Change Messages Interact
Authors: Pinchoff Jessie , Dougherty Leanne , Dadi Chaibou 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT.
This study aims to inform multisectoral development programs by exploring the extent to which social and behavior change (SBC) messages, environment, and household infrastructure are associated with knowledge and practice of handwashing behaviors. A cross-sectional survey of 2,708 households in the Maradi and Zinder districts of Niger was collected in April 2021. Household data were integrated with two local environmental measures: 1) water level at the nearest waterhole point, and 2) anomalous rainfall for the previous rainy season derived from climate hazards infrared precipitation with station rainfall (CHIRPS) data. Logistic regression models were constructed to explore how environment, household infrastructure, and exposure to SBC messages were associated with two hygiene-related outcomes: 1) observed water and soap available at household handwashing stations, a behavior, and 2) knowledge of critical moments for handwashing, a behavioral determinant. We find that in households near a water point with higher water depth, households were statistically significantly more likely (odds ratio [OR] = 1.25); (confidence interval [CI] = 1.12–1.49) to have water and soap observed at the handwashing station. Women in households near a water point with increased water depth (more water) were more likely to know three or more critical handwashing moments (OR = 1.07; CI = 1.03–1.11). Exposure to messages about the importance of handwashing was significantly associated with knowledge of critical handwashing moments and having water and soap observed at a handwashing station. Multisectoral programming should consider layering efforts so that development projects that increase access to water sources are complemented with SBC approaches focused on hygiene.
Glagolski internacionalizmi v slovenščini in nemščini ter njihova vezljivost s kontrastivnega vidika
Authors: Krevs Birk Uršula 
Published: February 2023

The article deals with international verbs in German and Slovene, in particular with the semantic and valency structures of the selected pairs of verbs. First, the role of the international words contained in the CEFR is discussed as well as compared with “global” words present in several languages of the world and concerning a global topic such as the recent pandemic. Second, the criteria for recognizing international lexemes are presented. If a word is to be considered an international lexeme it has to be semantically equivalent in at least three languages, two of which are not genetically related. Partial semantic equivalence can generate pairs of false friends. A number of pairs of international verbs differ in terms of international verbs depends also on the variability of a given German lexeme in the different standard varieties of German.
De Hatuey à Fidel : le monde indigène et ses usages politiques dans le cinéma d’animation cubain
Authors: VINCENOT Emmanuel 
Published: February 2023

Cet article porte sur les représentations cinématographiques du monde amérindien dans le cinéma d’animation cubain de la période révolutionnaire. Après avoir replacé le corpus dans le contexte du cinéma historique local, le texte s’attache à montrer que les films analysés partagent une vision commune, qui repose sur l’ethos révolutionnaire et sur le nationalisme, et qui ne s’intéresse au monde indigène que pour l’usage politique qui peut en être fait dans le contexte de la Cuba communiste de la seconde moitié du XXe siècle ; en cela, le discours propagé par le cinéma d’animation révolutionnaire ne fait que perpétuer une tradition remontant au XIXe siècle, dans laquelle la figure de l’indigène, même quand elle est célébrée, ne l’est qu’en tant qu’icône utilitaire, mise au service de projets politiques contemporains, fondamentalement étrangers au monde amérindien disparu.
Représenter le peuple : analyse des stratégies discursives de Podemos dans son manifeste fondateur « Mover Ficha »
Authors: BELTRAN Laure 
Published: February 2023

En Espagne, la crise économique de 2008 a été le point de départ d’un nouveau cycle de contestation sociale qui a mis à jour un sentiment de désaffection citoyenne envers les élites dirigeantes. Déjà en 2011, les Indignés déclaraient « No nos representan ». Avec pour objectif de combler cette faille représentative, Podemos est créé en 2014. Ce nouveau parti souhaite représenter le peuple et se faire le porte-parole de ses revendications. À travers l’analyse de leur manifeste fondateur, cet article étudie les stratégies discursives mises en œuvre par cette nouvelle formation pour se légitimer auprès des citoyens.
Problemáticas y desafíos en la gestión del agua y del territorio en una cuenca urbana embalsada
Authors: Cifuentes Marisol Roxana , Jacinto Guillermina Paula , Rodríguez Corina Iris 
Published: February 2023

La construcción de embalses produce transformaciones en las características y funcionamiento de las cuencas hídricas a diferentes escalas. El objetivo del presente trabajo es analizar las formas de ocupación y usos del suelo en la cuenca urbana embalsada del Lago del Fuerte (Buenos Aires, Argentina), las cuales son producidas por la superposición de actores, lógicas e intereses diversos. Además, se evalúan las problemáticas asociadas al embalse emanadas de las dinámicas propias del sistema socio-ecológico.
La investigación combinó el uso de técnicas cuantitativas y cualitativas para el tratamiento de información primaria y secundaria. Se realizó observación documental –periódicos locales, normativa vigente a escalas nacional, provincial y local–, relevamiento y observación directa en campo y entrevistas a informantes calificados.
Se evidenció la superposición de actores y marcos regulatorios sobre el área de estudio, así como modificaciones en el uso del suelo con el consiguiente desarrollo e intensificación de problemáticas sobre la calidad del agua del embalse.
Se torna imperioso profundizar en el desarrollo de una visión integral del territorio y de los recursos hídricos que articule a su vez los diferentes actores involucrados en el uso, regulación y gestión del área de estudio.

Abstract
The construction of reservoirs produces transformations in the water basins features and functioning at different scales. On the one hand, this work aims to analyze the occupation modes and land uses in the Lago del Fuerte dammed urban basin (Buenos Aires province, Argentina) produced by the overlap of diverse stakeholders, logics, and interests. On the other hand, it aims to evaluate the problems associated with the reservoir arising from the dynamics of the socioecological system.
The research combined the use of quantitative and qualitative techniques for the analysis of primary and secondary information. Documental observation was carried out with local newspapers and current regulations at national, provincial, and local scales, a survey, direct field observation, and interviews to qualified informants.
The overlapping of stakeholders and regulatory frameworks on the study area was evidenced. Also, modifications of land uses, together with the development and intensification of problems on the water quality of the reservoir were detected.
The results show that it has become compelling to work on a comprehensive vision of territory and water resources that articulates simultaneously different stakeholders involved in the use, regulation, and management of the study area.
Coupling Fracture Mechanics Experiments and Electrochemical Modeling to Mitigate Environment-Assisted Cracking in Engineering Components
Authors: Harris Zachary D. , Marshall Rebecca S. , Kelly Robert G. , Burns James T. 
Published: February 2023

Environment-assisted cracking (EAC) is a pertinent failure mode for many applications and industries, but the design of robust EAC mitigation strategies can be challenging due to the number of material and environmental factors that affect EAC behavior. In this study, a coupled experimental-modeling approach for designing EAC mitigation strategies in a standard panel-and-fastener geometry is presented. Fracture mechanics-based testing is executed on a high-performance steel (Pyrowear 675) immersed in 0.6 M NaCl to assess the effect of electrode potential and loading rate on EAC susceptibility. Finite element modeling (FEM) is then used to calculate the electrode potential distribution across the panel for four realistic EAC mitigation strategies (anodized fastener, fully coated panel, selectively coated panel, and bare panel/fastener). The FEM and EAC susceptibility data are synthesized to inform the efficacy of each proposed mitigation strategy. Results demonstrate that the anodized fastener and fully coated panel approaches are likely to promote EAC, while the selectively coated panel and all-bare strategies mitigate EAC. The benefits and limitations of this coupled approach for mitigating EAC are then discussed.
Which dimensions of forgiveness mediate and moderate childhood trauma and depression? Insights to prevent suicide risk among university students
Authors: Rahmandani Amalia , Salma Salma , Kaloeti Dian , Sakti Hastaning , Suparno Suparno 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundCollege students who are depressed as a direct or indirect effect of childhood trauma are at risk of suicide. Although for-giveness buffers mental health problems, there are inconsistencies in the results according to the object of forgiveness. This study aimed to examine the role of forgiveness, both as a mediator and as a moderator, for the association between childhood trauma and depression among university students.Participants and procedureThe sample comprised 398 students from a university in Semarang, Indonesia (M = 18.60, SD = 0.60, male = 26.1%) ob-tained through cluster random sampling. Measurements used were the Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) question-naire, Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) and the Forgiveness Scale which contained the dimensions of self, others, and situations.ResultsThe path analysis and the investigation of CI result showed that forgiveness mediated the relationship between ACEs and depression. Forgiveness of self and situations were also mediating, but not forgiveness of others. On the other hand, the moderating effect only applied to the forgiveness of others, the effect of which increased positively when the level was high.ConclusionsThe result of this study indicates how the addition of ACEs affects lower level of forgiveness, thus explaining the higher level of depression among college students. Only forgiveness of others among the dimensions of forgiveness is not deter-mined by the number of ACEs, but its increase determines the addition of depression level when there are more ACEs. The discussions highlight the mechanism of each dimension, contribution of collectivistic culture, different types of ACEs and limited incidence of ACEs among the general college student population.