bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ameliorative effects of zinc supplementation on cognitive function and hippocampal leptin signaling pathway in obese male and female rats
Authors: Hafez Lamia M. , Aboudeya Hebatallah Mohammed , Matar Noura A. , El-Sebeay Ashraf S. , Nomair Azhar Mohamed , El-hamshary Shaymaa Ali , Nomeir Hanan Mohamed , Ibrahim Fawziya A. R. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObesity has been associated with cognitive impairments, increasing the probability of developing dementia. Recently, zinc (Zn) supplementation has attracted an increasing attention as a therapeutic agent for cognitive disorders. Here, we investigated the potential effects of low and high doses of Zn supplementation on cognitive biomarkers and leptin signaling pathway in the hippocampus of high fat diet (HFD)-fed rats. We also explored the impact of sex difference on the response to treatment. Our results revealed a significant increase in body weight, glucose, triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), total lipids and leptin levels in obese rats as compared to controls. HFD feeding also reduced brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels and increased acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in the hippocampus of both sexes. The low and high doses of Zn supplementation improved glucose, TG, leptin, BDNF levels and AChE activity in both male and female obese rats compared to untreated ones. Additionally, downregulated expression of leptin receptor (LepR) gene and increased levels of activated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (p-STAT3) that observed in hippocampal tissues of obese rats were successfully normalized by both doses of Zn. In this study, the male rats were more vulnerable to HFD-induced weight gain, most of the metabolic alterations and cognition deficits than females, whereas the female obese rats were more responsive to Zn treatment. In conclusion, we suggest that Zn treatment may be effective in ameliorating obesity-related metabolic dysfunction, central leptin resistance and cognitive deficits. In addition, our findings provide evidence that males and females might differ in their response to Zn treatment.
In vitro wound healing potential of cyclohexane extract of Onosma dichroantha Boiss. based on bioassay-guided fractionation
Authors: Safavi Fereshteh , Moridi Farimani Mahdi , Golalipour Masoud , Bayat Houman 
Published: March 2023

AbstractOnosma dichroantha Boiss. is a biennial herb used in traditional medicine in Iran for healing wounds and burns. Our previous study demonstrated that cyclohexane extract of O. dichroantha Boiss. enhanced wound healing in vitro. The aim of the present study was to identify the active fractions and compounds responsible for this effect through bio-guided fractionation followed by three in vitro tests for anti-inflammation, proliferation, and migration (scratch test). Fractionation of the CE extract yielded six fractions (Fr. A to Fr. F). Fr. F showed the most remarkable wound healing activity in three assays. Fr. F was further fractionated into five subfractions (FF-SUB1 to FF-SUB5). FF-SUB1 and FF-SUB2 were selected for further purification based on their wound healing activity. The major components, F. F1 to F. F5, were isolated from these two subfractions and identified as acetylshikonin, deoxyshikonin, β, β-dimethylacrylshikonin, β-hydroxyisovalerylshikonin, and trans-anethole of the active subfractions. Bioassay-guided fractionation revealed that naphthoquinone derivatives, as an active component, are responsible for the wound healing properties of the fractions and subfractions of cyclohexane extract of O. dichroantha roots. The findings indicate that these fractions and subsections, as well as purified compounds, have a high potential for further investigation as an effective therapeutic agent in wound healing using in vivo models.
A comparison of machine learning models’ accuracy in predicting lower-limb joints’ kinematics, kinetics, and muscle forces from wearable sensors
Authors: Moghadam Shima Mohammadi , Yeung Ted , Choisne Julie 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA combination of wearable sensors’ data and Machine Learning (ML) techniques has been used in many studies to predict specific joint angles and moments. The aim of this study was to compare the performance of four different non-linear regression ML models to estimate lower-limb joints’ kinematics, kinetics, and muscle forces using Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs) and electromyographys’ (EMGs) data. Seventeen healthy volunteers (9F, 28 ± 5 years) were asked to walk over-ground for a minimum of 16 trials. For each trial, marker trajectories and three force-plates data were recorded to calculate pelvis, hip, knee, and ankle kinematics and kinetics, and muscle forces (the targets), as well as 7 IMUs and 16 EMGs. The features from sensors’ data were extracted using the Tsfresh python package and fed into 4 ML models; Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Machine, and Multivariate Adaptive Regression Spline for targets’ prediction. The RF and CNN models outperformed the other ML models by providing lower prediction errors in all intended targets with a lower computational cost. This study suggested that a combination of wearable sensors’ data with an RF or a CNN model is a promising tool to overcome the limitations of traditional optical motion capture for 3D gait analysis.
Relationship between facial skin problems with a focus on inflammatory cytokines and the presence of Malassezia in 1-month-old infants
Authors: Shimizu Satsuki , Yonezawa Kaori , Haruna Megumi , Tahara-Sasagawa Emi , Usui Yuriko , Minematsu Takeo , Higuchi Sachi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractInfantile skin problems not only cause temporary pain and discomfort, but also have a long-term impact on health. Hence, the purpose of this cross-sectional study was to clarify the relationship between inflammatory cytokines and Malassezia fungal facial skin problems in infants. Ninety-six 1-month-old infants were examined. Facial skin problems and the presence of inflammatory cytokines in the forehead skin were assessed using the infant facial skin visual assessment tool (IFSAT) and the skin blotting method, respectively. Malassezia, a fungal commensal, was detected using forehead skin swabs, and its percentage in the total fungal population was analyzed. Infants with positive interleukin-8 signals were more likely to have severe facial skin problems (p = 0.006) and forehead papules (p = 0.043). No significant association between IFSAT scores and Malassezia was found, but infants with forehead dryness had a lower percentage of M. arunalokei in the total fungal population (p = 0.006). No significant association was observed between inflammatory cytokines and Malassezia in the study participants. Longitudinal studies on the development of facial skin problems in infants are warranted to investigate the involvement of interleukin-8 and devise preventive strategies in the future.
Numerically analysis of Marangoni convective flow of hybrid nanofluid over an infinite disk with thermophoresis particle deposition
Authors: Abbas Munawar , Khan Nargis , Hashmi M. S. , Younis Jihad 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis study discusses the flow of hybrid nanofluid over an infinite disk in a Darcy–Forchheimer permeable medium with variable thermal conductivity and viscosity. The objective of the current theoretical investigation is to identify the thermal energy characteristics of the nanomaterial flow resulting from thermo-solutal Marangoni convection on a disc surface. By including the impacts of activation energy, heat source, thermophoretic particle deposition and microorganisms the proposed mathematical model becomes more novel. The Cattaneo-Christov mass and heat flux law is taken into account when examining the features of mass and heat transmission rather than the traditional Fourier and Fick heat and mass flux law. MoS2 and Ag nanoparticles are dispersed in the base fluid water to synthesize the hybrid nanofluid. PDEs are transformed to ODEs by using similarity transformations. The RKF-45th order shooting method is used to solve the equations. With the use of appropriate graphs, the effects of a number of non-dimensional parameters on velocity, concentration, microorganism, and temperature fields are addressed. The local Nusselt number, density of motile microorganisms and Sherwood number are calculated numerically and graphically to derive correlations in terms of the relevant key parameters. The findings show that as we increase the Marangoni convection parameter, skin friction, local density of motile microorganisms, Sherwood number, velocity, temperature and microorganisms profiles increase, whereas Nusselt number and concentration profile exhibit an opposite behavior. The fluid velocity is reduced as a result of enhancing the Forchheimer parameter and Darcy parameter.
Characteristics of external loads of Hockey5s associated with the new version of U16 youth field hockey competition
Authors: Konarski Jan M. , Andrzejewski Marcin , Konefał Marek , Chmura Paweł , Skrzypczak Mateusz , Zahalka Frantisek , Maly Tomas , Malina Robert M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractExternal workloads associated Hockey 5 s, the new version of youth field hockey, were evaluated in 31 elite U16 male field players (15.4 ± 0.7 years) from three national teams. Mixed-longitudinal observations for the 31 players provided complete data for 33 forwards and 43 defenders. Activities of the players during games were monitored with the GPSports SPI Elite System with a sampling frequency of 10 Hz and were analysed with GPSports Team AMS (version R1 2015.14, Australia). Observed variables did not differ between forwards and defenders, and the three periods of play were differentiated only by maximal speed in the second and third periods. The greatest distances covered were in speed zone 3 (10.0–15.9 km h−1; 35.5–38.2%) and the smallest in speed zones 4 (16.0–22.9 km h−1; 14.8–15.6%) and 5 (> 23 km h−1; 0.4–1.4%). The trends indicated high intensity levels for the entire match and by position and periods. Active time of forwards and defenders accounted for about one-half of a game’s duration (~ 15.7 of 30 min). Overall, the Hockey 5s format was highly demanding of players and included relatively short intervals for recovery. The results emphasize the need for preparation that includes specific mixed anaerobic and aerobic training and also the importance of recovery during breaks.
Transformation and expressional studies of GaZnF gene to improve drought tolerance in Gossypium hirsutum
Authors: Batool Fatima , Hassan Sameera , Azam Saira , Sher Zunaira , Ali Qurban , Rashid Bushra 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDrought stress is the major limiting factor in plant growth and production. Cotton is a significant crop as textile fiber and oilseed, but its production is generally affected by drought stress, mainly in dry regions. This study aimed to investigate the expression of Zinc finger transcription factor’s gene (GaZnF) to enhance the drought tolerance in Gossypium hirsutum. Sequence features of the GaZnF protein were recognized through different bioinformatics tools like multiple sequence alignment analysis, phylogenetic tree for evolutionary relationships, Protein motifs, a transmembrane domain, secondary structure and physio-chemical properties indicating that GaZnF is a stable protein. CIM-482, a local Gossypium hirsutum variety was transformed with GaZnF through Agrobacterium-mediated transformation method with 2.57% transformation efficiency. The integration of GaZnF was confirmed through Southern blot showing 531 bp, and Western blot indicated a 95 kDa transgene-GUS fusion band in transgenic plants. The normalized real-time expression analysis revealed the highest relative fold spatial expression of cDNA of GaZnF within leaf tissues at vegetative and flowering stages under drought stress. Morphological, physiological and biochemical parameters of transgenic cotton plants at 05- and 10-day drought stress was higher than those of non-transgenic control plants. The values of fresh and dry biomass, chlorophyll content, photosynthesis, transpiration rate, and stomatal conductance reduced in GaZnF transgenic cotton plants at 05- and 10-day drought stress, but their values were less low in transgenic plants than those of non-transgenic control plants. These findings showed that GaZnF gene expression in transgenic plants could be a valuable source for the development of drought-tolerant homozygous lines through breeding.
Vanishing viscosity in mean-field optimal control
Authors: Ciampa Gennaro , Rossi Francesco 
Published: March 2023

We show the existence of Lipschitz-in-space optimal controls for a class of mean-field control problems with dynamics given by a non-local continuity equation. The proof relies on a vanishing viscosity method: we prove the convergence of the same problem where a diffusion term is added, with a small viscosity parameter.
By using stochastic optimal control, we first show the existence of a sequence of optimal controls for the problem with diffusion. We then build the optimizer of the original problem by letting the viscosity parameter go to zero.
Krankenhausreform: Was ist geplant?
Authors: Lukuc Sarah , Roßius Sabrina 
Published: March 2023

ZusammenfassungImmer mehr Kliniken müssen ihre Kapazitäten reduzieren, weil sie eine fachgerechte Versorgung nicht mehr gewährleisten können. Klar ist: Um unser Gesundheitssystem zu stabilisieren, muss eine umfassende Reform her. Wo es am meisten hakt und welche Empfehlungen zur Verbesserung bisher vorliegen, lesen Sie hier.
A Comparison of Smooth and Microtextured Breast Implants in Breast Augmentation: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Lee Joo Hyuck , Jang Jae Hyuk , Min Kyung Hee 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background The number of cosmetic and reconstructive surgeries that use breast implants is increasing in Korea. Recently, it has been reported that breast implant-associated anaplastic large-cell lymphoma is related to textured breast implants, and interest in classification according to the texture of breast implants is increasing. However, there is currently no clear and unified classification. In particular, the definition of “microtextured” is highly varied. In this study, we retrospectively investigated and analyzed the clinical outcomes of smooth and microtextured breast implants.
Methods A retrospective chart review of all patients who underwent breast augmentation surgery with smooth and microtextured silicone gel implants between January 2016 and July 2020 was performed. We retrospectively analyzed implant manufacturer, age, body mass index (BMI), smoking status, incision location, implant size, follow-up period, complications, and reoperation rate.
Results A total of 266 patients underwent breast augmentation surgery, of which 181 used smooth silicone gel implants and 85 used microtextured silicone gel implants. Age, BMI, smoking status, implant size, and follow-up period were not significantly different between the two groups. Similarly, complications and reoperation rates were not significantly different between the two groups.
Conclusion It is important to provide information regarding the clinical risks and benefits of breast implants to surgeons and patients through a clear and unified classification according to the texture of the breast implant.
Predictors of Survival in Patients with Metastatic Brain Tumors: Experience from a Low-to-Middle-Income Country
Authors: Anis Saad Bin , Hani Ummey , Yousaf Irfan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Objective The interplay of static factors and their effect on metastatic brain tumor survival, especially in low-to-middle-income countries (LMICs), has been rarely studied. To audit our experience, and explore novel survival predictors, we performed a retrospective analysis of brain metastases (BM) patients at Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital (SKMCH), Pakistan.
Materials and Methods A retrospective review was conducted of consecutive patients who presented with BM between September 2014 and September 2019 at SKMCH. Patients with incomplete records were excluded.
Statistical Analysis SPSS (v.25 IBM, Armonk, New York, United States) was used to collect and analyze data via Cox-Regression and Kaplan–Meier curves.
Results One-hundred patients (mean age 45.89 years) with confirmed BM were studied. Breast cancer was the commonest primary tumor. Median overall survival (OS) was 6.7 months, while the median progression-free survival (PFS) was 6 months. Age (p = 0.001), gender (p = 0.002), Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (p < 0.05), anatomical site (p = 0.002), herniation (p < 0.05), midline shift (p = 0.002), treatment strategies (p < 0.05), and postoperative complications (p < 0.05) significantly impacted OS, with significantly poor prognosis seen with extremes of age, male gender (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.0; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.3–3.1; p = 0.003), leptomeningeal lesions (HR: 5.7; 95% CI: 1.1–29.7; p = 0.037), and patients presenting with uncal herniation (HR: 3.5; 95% CI: 1.9–6.3; p < 0.05). Frontal lobe lesions had a significantly better OS (HR: 0.5; 95% CI: 0.2–1.0; p = 0.049) and PFS (HR: 0.08; 95% CI: 0.02–0.42; p = 0.003).
Conclusion BM has grim prognoses, with comparable survival indices between developed countries and LMICs. Early identification of both primary malignancy and metastatic lesions, followed by judicious management, is likely to significantly improve survival.
Seroprevalence of Toxoplasmosis in Puerperal Women Treated at a Tertiary Referral Hospital
Authors: Medeiros Juliana Fernandes , Rabelo e Silva Ana Cláudia , Rocha Natália Domene Franco da , Georg Alexia Viegas , Melli Patricia Pereira dos Santos , Quintana Silvana Maria , Duarte Geraldo 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Objective To evaluate the seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis among puerperal women cared for at a tertiary university hospital and the level of understanding of these puerperal women about toxoplasmosis, vertical transmission, and its prophylaxis.
Methods For this cross-sectional study, we evaluated 225 patients using presential interviews, prenatal documentation, and electronic medical records. Data were stored using Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap) software. Prevalence rates were estimated by the presence of reactive IgG antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii. Data analysis was performed using the chi-square test and calculation of the odds ratio (OR). Seroreactivity to T. gondii and exposure variables (age, educational level, and parity) were analyzed using a confidence interval (95%CI) and a significance level of 5% (p < 0.05).
Results The seropositivity rate for T. gondii was 40%. There was no association between seroprevalence and age. Primiparity was a protective factor against seropositivity and low education was a risk factor.
Conclusion Knowledge of T. gondii infection and its transmission forms was significantly limited, presenting a risk for acute maternal toxoplasmosis and vertical transmission of this protozoan. Increasing the education level regarding the risk of toxoplasmosis during pregnancy could reduce the rates of infection and vertical transmission of this parasite.
Dual-Task Paradigm Measures of Listening Effort: To Include or Not to Include Secondary Task Responses with Incorrect Primary Task Responses
Authors: Huang Haiping , Oosthuizen Ilze , Picou Erin M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractResponse time–based dual-task paradigms are commonly adopted to measure behavioral listening effort. Most extant studies used an all-response approach that included secondary task responses under both correct and incorrect primary task responses during analysis. However, evidence supporting this strategy is limited. Therefore, the current study investigated the potential differences between including all responses versus only including correct responses. Data from two previous studies were reanalyzed. Experiment 1 included 16 listeners and used a dual-task paradigm to examine the effect of introducing background noise on listening effort. Experiment 2 included 19 participants and used a different dual-task paradigm to examine the effect of reverberation and loudspeaker-to-listener distance on listening effort. ANOVA results obtained using both analysis approaches were compared. The all-response and correct-only approaches revealed similar results. However, larger effect sizes and an additional main effect were found with the all-response approach. The current study supports the use of an all-response approach due to its greater sensitivity to changes in behavioral listening effort. However, a correct-only approach could be utilized to suit specific study purposes.
Combining Multiple Psychophysiological Measures of Listening Effort: Challenges and Recommendations
Authors: Richter Michael , Buhiyan Tanveer , Bramsløw Lars , Innes-Brown Hamish , Fiedler Lorenz , Hadley Lauren V. , Naylor Graham , Saunders Gabrielle H. , Wendt Dorothea , Whitmer William M. , Zekveld Adriana A. , Kramer Sophia E. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAbout one-third of all recently published studies on listening effort have used at least one physiological measure, providing evidence of the popularity of such measures in listening effort research. However, the specific measures employed, as well as the rationales used to justify their inclusion, vary greatly between studies, leading to a literature that is fragmented and difficult to integrate. A unified approach that assesses multiple psychophysiological measures justified by a single rationale would be preferable because it would advance our understanding of listening effort. However, such an approach comes with a number of challenges, including the need to develop a clear definition of listening effort that links to specific physiological measures, customized equipment that enables the simultaneous assessment of multiple measures, awareness of problems caused by the different timescales on which the measures operate, and statistical approaches that minimize the risk of type-I error inflation. This article discusses in detail the various obstacles for combining multiple physiological measures in listening effort research and provides recommendations on how to overcome them.
Post-identifiability in changing sociotechnological genomic data environments
Authors: Akyüz Kaya , Goisauf Melanie , Chassang Gauthier , Kozera Łukasz , Mežinska Signe , Tzortzatou-Nanopoulou Olga , Mayrhofer Michaela Th. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractData practices in biomedical research often rely on standards that build on normative assumptions regarding privacy and involve ‘ethics work.’ In an increasingly datafied research environment, identifiability gains a new temporal and spatial dimension, especially in regard to genomic data. In this paper, we analyze how genomic identifiability is considered as a specific data issue in a recent controversial case: publication of the genome sequence of the HeLa cell line. Considering developments in the sociotechnological and data environment, such as big data, biomedical, recreational, and research uses of genomics, our analysis highlights what it means to be (re-)identifiable in the postgenomic era. By showing how the risk of genomic identifiability is not a specificity of the HeLa controversy, but rather a systematic data issue, we argue that a new conceptualization is needed. With the notion of post-identifiability as a sociotechnological situation, we show how past assumptions and ideas about future possibilities come together in the case of genomic identifiability. We conclude by discussing how kinship, temporality, and openness are subject to renewed negotiations along with the changing understandings and expectations of identifiability and status of genomic data.