bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Depressive symptoms, burnout, resilience, and psychosocial support in healthcare workers during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A nationwide study in Japan
Authors: Oyama Nene , Seki Mayumi , Nakai Mari , Miyamoto Kyoko , Nagao Kayoko , Morimitsu Reo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimThe coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has significantly impacted the mental health of healthcare workers. This study aimed to assess the mental health of healthcare workers and identify risk and protective factors.MethodsWe surveyed 48,031 healthcare workers at 63 Japanese Red Cross hospitals from December 15, 2022 to January 15, 2023. Mental health was assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, the Japanese Burnout Scale, and 10‐item Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale. Furthermore, we inquired about the psychosocial support activities provided to the healthcare workers within their workplaces.ResultsThis study included 3815 healthcare workers (250 doctors, 32 residents, 2588 nurses, 504 co‐medical staff, and 441 administrative staff). Symptoms of depression were noted in 31.5% of all participants and 46.9% of resident doctors. Women and those who were young, lived alone, had a nonmanagement position, had contact with coronavirus disease 2019 patients, or had passive motivation to coronavirus disease 2019 work had a significantly higher total Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale score than in the corresponding groups with the opposite characteristics. High emotional exhaustion and depersonalization scores on the Japanese Burnout Scale were risk factors for depressive symptoms, while living with family was a protective factor. Moreover, interventions such as job performance support (skills, knowledge, information, and safety), peer support, and organizational support (infection control team, patient care rotation systems) were effective.ConclusionThe impact of the prolonged coronavirus pandemic on mental health among healthcare workers is clear, and organized psychosocial support is needed.
Improving the accuracy of automated gout flare ascertainment using natural language processing of electronic health records and linked Medicare claims data
Authors: Yoshida Kazuki , Cai Tianrun , Bessette Lily G. , Kim Erin , Lee Su Been , Zabotka Luke E. , Sun Alec , Mastrorilli Julianna M. , Oduol Theresa A. , Liu Jun , Solomon Daniel H. , Kim Seoyoung C. , Desai Rishi J. , Liao Katherine P. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundWe aimed to determine whether integrating concepts from the notes from the electronic health record (EHR) data using natural language processing (NLP) could improve the identification of gout flares.MethodsUsing Medicare claims linked with EHR, we selected gout patients who initiated the urate‐lowering therapy (ULT). Patients' 12‐month baseline period and on‐treatment follow‐up were segmented into 1‐month units. We retrieved EHR notes for months with gout diagnosis codes and processed notes for NLP concepts. We selected a random sample of 500 patients and reviewed each of their notes for the presence of a physician‐documented gout flare. Months containing at least 1 note mentioning gout flares were considered months with events. We used 60% of patients to train predictive models with LASSO. We evaluated the models by the area under the curve (AUC) in the validation data and examined positive/negative predictive values (P/NPV).ResultsWe extracted and labeled 839 months of follow‐up (280 with gout flares). The claims‐only model selected 20 variables (AUC = 0.69). The NLP concept‐only model selected 15 (AUC = 0.69). The combined model selected 32 claims variables and 13 NLP concepts (AUC = 0.73). The claims‐only model had a PPV of 0.64 [0.50, 0.77] and an NPV of 0.71 [0.65, 0.76], whereas the combined model had a PPV of 0.76 [0.61, 0.88] and an NPV of 0.71 [0.65, 0.76].ConclusionAdding NLP concept variables to claims variables resulted in a small improvement in the identification of gout flares. Our data‐driven claims‐only model and our combined claims/NLP‐concept model outperformed existing rule‐based claims algorithms reliant on medication use, diagnosis, and procedure codes.
Bandleitfähigkeit im Hofstadter‐Schmetterling
Authors: Huber Robin , Weiss Dieter , Eroms Jonathan 
Published: September 2023

ZusammenfassungDie erlaubten Energiewerte von Elektronen in Kristallen liegen in Bändern, die auch den Stromtransport in leitfähigen Materialien bestimmen. Setzt man Kristalle einem Magnetfeld aus, so zerfallen die Bänder in ein fraktales Spektrum, den Hofstadter‐Schmetterling. Wir konnten in einem künstlichen Kristallpotential in einlagigem Graphen zeigen, dass sich diese Struktur durch Oszillationen der Bandleitfähigkeit nachweisen lässt. Diese Oszillationen sind noch bei Temperaturen sichtbar, bei denen der innere Aufbau des Hofstadter‐Schmetterlings schon nicht mehr zu erkennen ist.
Design and experimental assessment of a field‐spraying system with nozzles employing reciprocating up‐and‐down movements
Authors: Sun Chengda 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDProper dense planting pattern can improve rice yield. For an ordinary boom sprayer, it is still difficult for the droplets to penetrate the dense rice canopy even if an auxiliary airflow is used, especially in the middle and late growth stages. The deposits of droplets at the bottom of the rice plants are typically small. In this study, a spraying system was designed with nozzles creating reciprocating movements into the middle and bottom of the rice canopy. An air pump provided power to push the nozzles up and down. A time relay and a solenoid valve were used to control the cycle and stroke of the reciprocating movement. At different growth stages of rice, comparative tests were conducted between the air‐assisted spraying pattern (without reciprocating movement of nozzles) and the reciprocating movement spraying pattern (without auxiliary airflow).RESULTSThe results showed that for the reciprocating movement spraying pattern, the droplet number densities in the middle and bottom of the rice in the late growth stages increased from 78 to 124/cm2 and from 19 to 121/cm2, respectively, and the coverage rates increased from 13.34% to 24.26% and from 3.61% to 21.21%, respectively. The droplet depositions increased from 0.603 to 1.139 mg cm−2 and from 0.095 to 1.001 mg cm−2, respectively.CONCLUSIONSThis spraying pattern can increase droplet deposits at the middle and bottom of the crop and improve uniformity. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
First principle determination of stability constants of metal complexes by cellmetry method
Authors: Purgel Mihály , Schuur Jan Heinrich 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe stability constants of 81 metal complexes were calculated using the newly‐developed method which was previously used for determining pK values of acid–base dissociation constants by plane wave functions. Fifteen metal ions and 36 ligands were chosen, and a wide range of the complexes was studied to calculate the logK and logß stability constants. The large variety of geometries and coordination modes allowed us to see the limitation of the method. In some cases, good agreements could be found with the experimental data with an accuracy of .5–1 unit. Results howed that for smaller structural changes, the stability constants can be calculated easily by using the determined parameters. For larger structural differences, rough estimations by 2–4 logK units can be conducted. Correlations could be found among the data which can help further studies as well as aid in the prediction of some unknown complexes. The pK of a hexaaqua metal complex was determined as well.
Delayed gastric emptying after pylorus‐preserving pancreatoduodenectomy: Comparison between traditional open surgery and full‐robotic approach with da Vinci Xi
Authors: Morelli Luca , Di Franco Gregorio , Furbetta Niccolò , Palmeri Matteo , Guadagni Simone , Gianardi Desirée , Carpenito Cristina , Comandatore Annalisa , Giovannetti Elisa , Di Candio Giulio , Cuschieri Alfred 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntroductionDelayed gastric emptying (DGE) is a frequent complication after pancreatoduodenectomy, especially after pylorus preservation (Pp). We evaluated the effect of a fully robotic approach with da Vinci Xi on DGE after PpPD.MethodsOpen and robotic PDs were performed in 353 and 50 cases, respectively, from January 2009 to March 2022. We compared the clinical outcomes and incidence of clinically relevant DGE between robotic PpPD (R‐PpPD) and open PpPD after one‐to‐one case‐control matching.ResultsEach group consisted of 30 patients. Clinically relevant DGE was less common after R‐PpPD (3/30 [10%] vs. 10/30 cases [33.3%], p = 0.028). The median length of hospital stay (LoS) was significantly lower in the R‐PpPD group (10 vs. 15 days, p = 0.013).ConclusionThe reduced tissue trauma by the minimally invasive robotic approach is associated with a lower incidence of DGE, reducing the LoS and encouraging PpPD performed using the fully robotic approach.
Changes in Hole and Electron Injection under Electrical Stress and the Rapid Electroluminescence Loss in Blue Quantum‐Dot Light‐Emitting Devices
Authors: Ghorbani Atefeh , Chen Junfei , Chun Peter , Lyu Quan , Cotella Giovanni , Aziz Hany 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBlue quantum dot light‐emitting devices (QLEDs) suffer from fast electroluminescence (EL) loss when under electrical bias. Here, it is identified that the fast EL loss in blue QLEDs is not due to a deterioration in the photoluminescence quantum yield of the quantum dots (QDs), contrary to what is commonly believed, but rather arises primarily from changes in charge injection overtime under the bias that leads to a deterioration in charge balance. Measurements on hole‐only and electron‐only devices show that hole injection into blue QDs increases over time whereas electron injection decreases. Results also show that the changes are associated with changes in hole and electron trap densities. The results are further verified using QLEDs with blue and red QDs combinations, capacitance versus voltage, and versus time characteristics of the blue QLEDs. The changes in charge injection are also observed to be partially reversible, and therefore using pulsed current instead of constant current bias for driving the blue QLEDs leads to an almost 2.5× longer lifetime at the same initial luminance. This work systematically investigates the origin of blue QLEDs EL loss and provides insights for designing improved blue QDs paving the way for QLEDs technology commercialization.
Dual Heterojunctions and Nanobowl Morphology Engineered BiVO4 Photoanodes for Enhanced Solar Water Splitting
Authors: Ren Kexin , Zhou Jiayi , Wu Zihao , Sun Qi , Qi Limin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPhotoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting represents an attractive strategy to realize the conversion from solar energy to hydrogen energy, but severe charge recombination in photoanodes significantly limits the conversion efficiency. Herein, a unique BiVO4 (BVO) nanobowl (NB) heterojunction photoanode, which consists of [001]‐oriented BiOCl underlayer and BVO nanobowls containing embedded BiOCl nanocrystals, is fabricated by nanosphere lithography followed by in situ transformation. Experimental characterizations and theoretical simulation prove that nanobowl morphology can effectively enhance light absorption while reducing carrier diffusion path. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations show the tendency of electron transfer from BVO to BiOCl. The [001]‐oriented BiOCl underlayer forms a compact type II heterojunction with the BVO, favoring electron transfer from BVO through BiOCl to the substrate. Furthermore, the embedded BiOCl nanoparticles form a bulk heterojunction to facilitate bulk electron transfer. Consequently, the dual heterojunctions engineered BVO/BiOCl NB photoanode exhibits attractive PEC performance toward water oxidation with an excellent bulk charge separation efficiency of 95.5%, and a remarkable photocurrent density of 3.38 mA cm−2 at 1.23 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode, a fourfold enhancement compared to the flat BVO counterpart. This work highlights the great potential of integrating dual heterojunctions engineering and morphology engineering in fabricating high‐performance photoelectrodes toward efficient solar conversion.
Mediating Triple Ions Migration Behavior via a Fluorinated Separator Interface toward Highly Reversible Aqueous Zn Batteries
Authors: Shen Fang , Du He , Qin Hongyu , Wei Zongwu , Kuang Wei , Hu Nan , Lv Wensong , Yi Zhihui , Huang Dan , Chen Zhengjun , He Huibing 
Published: September 2023

AbstractRampant dendrite growth, electrode passivation and severe corrosion originate from the uncontrolled ions migration behavior of Zn2+, SO42−, and H+, which are largely compromising the aqueous zinc ion batteries (AZIBs) performance. Exploring the ultimate strategy to eliminate all the Zn anode issues is challenging but urgent at present. Herein, a fluorinated separator interface (PVDF@GF) is constructed simply by grafting the polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) on the GF surface to realize high‐performance AZIBs. Experimental and theoretical studies reveal that the strong interaction between C─F bonds in the PVDF and Zn2+ ions enables evenly redistributed Zn2+ ions concentration at the electrode interface and accelerates the Zn transportation kinetics, leading to homogeneous and fast Zn deposition. Furthermore, the electronegative separator interface can spontaneously repel the SO42− and anchor H+ ions to alleviate the passivation and corrosion. Accordingly, the Zn|Zn symmetric cell with PVDF@GF harvests a superior cycling stability of 500 h at 10 mAh cm−2, and the Zn|VOX full cell delivers 76.8% capacity retention after 1000 cycles at 2 A g−1. This work offers an all‐round solution and provides new insights for the design of advanced separators with ionic sieve function toward stable and reversible Zn metal anode chemistry.
Incorporating statistical and machine learning techniques into the optimization of correction factors for software development effort estimation
Authors: Nhung Ho Le Thi Kim , Van Hai Vo , Silhavy Petr , Prokopova Zdenka , Silhavy Radek 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAccurate effort estimation is necessary for efficient management of software development projects, as it relates to human resource management. Ensemble methods, which employ multiple statistical and machine learning techniques, are more robust, reliable, and accurate effort estimation techniques. This study develops a stacking ensemble model based on optimization correction factors by integrating seven statistical and machine learning techniques (K‐nearest neighbor, random forest, support vector regression, multilayer perception, gradient boosting, linear regression, and decision tree). The grid search optimization method is used to obtain valid search ranges and optimal configuration values, allowing more accurate estimation. We conducted experiments to compare the proposed method with related methods, such as use case points‐based single methods, optimization correction factors‐based single methods, and ensemble methods. The estimation accuracies of the methods were evaluated using statistical tests and unbiased performance measures on a total of four datasets, thus demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed method more clearly. The proposed method successfully maintained its estimation accuracy across the four experimental datasets and gave the best results in terms of the sum of squares errors, mean absolute error, root mean square error, mean balance relative error, mean inverted balance relative error, median of magnitude of relative error, and percentage of prediction (0.25). The p‐value for the t‐test showed that the proposed method is statistically superior to other methods in terms of estimation accuracy. The results show that the proposed method is a comprehensive approach for improving estimation accuracy and minimizing project risks in the early stages of software development.
Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma infection in individuals occupationally exposed to livestock and raw meat: A case–control study
Authors: Hejazi Seyed Hossein , Kalantari Reza , Jafari Rasool , Ghayour Zahra , Nokhodian Zary , Esmaeilifallah Mahsa 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe expectancy of Toxoplasma gondii transmitted from livestock and raw meat to humans is a public health problem and is an example of the One Health theory.ObjectivesThis survey aimed to determine the seroprevalence and risk factors related to this common infection in individuals occupationally exposed (IOE) to livestock, raw meat and viscera in industrial slaughterhouses and livestock fields in Isfahan province, central Iran.MethodsThis study is a case–control survey carried out on the 401 serum samples of IOE (including slaughterhouse workers, butchers, veterinarians, veterinary technicians, livestock farmers and farm workers) compared to 401 archived samples of the general population (that all matched with cases by region, age and gender). All 802 samples were investigated for anti‐T. gondii IgM and anti‐T. gondii IgG using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay.ResultsA statistically significant higher anti‐T. gondii IgG occurrence (p < 0.001) was observed in IOE compared to the control group (46.1% vs. 31.4%). According to our knowledge, this is the first case–control study on the seroprevalence of anti‐T. gondii in IOE to livestock in central Iran.ConclusionsThese findings show a potentially significant association between T. gondii seropositivity and occupational exposure to livestock. Therefore, it is essential to develop guidelines for preventing disease transmission among IOE to livestock, raw meat and viscera in industrial slaughterhouses and livestock fields.
Preparation and properties of PVC composites filled with walnut shell powder hybrid attapulgite
Authors: Yang Junqian , Zhang Keping , Chen Dongsheng , Zhang Xi , Zhang Yanan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn order to reveal the effect of alkali treatment of walnut shell (WS) powder and attapulgite (ATP) hybrid filling on the properties of WS/polyvinyl chloride (PVC) composites, and to compare the effects of different reinforcement methods, WS/PVC composites were prepared by single screw melt extrusion. Furthermore, analysis was conducted on the chemical composition, thermal stability, microstructure, and physical, mechanical and wear resistance properties of composites. The results showed that ATP hybrid can enhance the performance of WPC more effectively than alkali treatment, unmodified WS blended with ATP composites have the best physical, mechanical properties, abrasive wear resistance, as well as lower water absorption, compared with the untreated, the tensile strength, bending strength and impact strength increased by 24%, 8%, and 21%, respectively. In addition, the composites of ATP hybrid alkali treated WS have the best thermal stability, and its pyrolysis residue is 15.64% higher than untreated composites. The study found that ATP have a larger potential to enhance the properties of composites than alkali treatment.Highlights
Chemical treatment and inorganic mineral particle filling were used to enhance the properties of the WS/PVC composites.
The experimental results showed that attapulgite can maximize the properties of the composites without alkali treatment. This means that attapulgite filling is a more effective and environmentally friendly and simple method to enhance the properties of composites than alkali treatment.
The wear failure modes of the composites are mainly micro‐indentation and micro‐cutting.
Large Carnivores
Authors: Thompson Daniel J. , Ryder Thomas J. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractFollowing historical efforts to eradicate them, large carnivores including gray wolves (Canis lupus), mountain lions (Puma concolor), black bears (Ursus americanus), and grizzly bears (U. arctos), have demonstrated an ability to recover across rangeland habitats in western North America during the last 50 years. While former distributions of these species were greatly reduced by the early-1960s, all are exhibiting range expansion and population increase across much (e.g., mountain lion and black bear) or portions (e.g., wolf and grizzly bear) of their historical range. This recovery of large carnivores in western landscapes has led to increased conflict with humans and a greater need for science-based management strategies by agencies with statutory responsibility for wildlife conservation. As conflict potential with large carnivores has increased, so have proactive and reactive conflict management programs for those impacted by large carnivores. Imperative to any successful large carnivore conflict mitigation is a focused outreach and education program for those who live, work, and recreate in habitats where wolves, mountain lions, and bears occur. Managers are continually evaluating the challenges and realities of intact large carnivore guilds within rangeland settings. Research and monitoring furthers our understanding and efficacy of management strategies for large carnivores now and into the future, striving to build on knowledge regarding the intricacies of population dynamics among predators and prey, including domestic species and humans.
Manipulation of Rangeland Wildlife Habitats
Authors: Pyke David A. , Boyd Chad S. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractRangeland manipulations have occurred for centuries. Those manipulations may have positive or negative effects on multiple wildlife species and their habitats. Some of these manipulations may result in landscape changes that fragment wildlife habitat and isolate populations. Habitat degradation and subsequent restoration may range from simple problems that are easy to restore to complex problems that require multiple interventions at multiple scales to solve. In all cases, knowledge of the wildlife species’ habitat needs throughout their life history, of their population dynamics and habitat-related sensitivities, and of their temporal and spatial scale for home ranges and genetic exchange will assist in determining appropriate restoration options. Habitat restoration will begin with an understanding of the vegetation’s successional recovery options and their time scales relative to wildlife population declines. We discuss passive and active manipulations and their application options. Passive manipulations focus on changes to current management. Active manipulations may include removal of undesirable vegetation using manual harvesting, mechanical, chemical, or biological methods while desirable vegetation is enhanced through the reintroduction of desirable wildlife habitat structure and function. These techniques will require monitoring of wildlife and their habitat at both the landscape and site level in an adaptive management framework to learn from our past and improve our future management.
Certified Core-Guided MaxSAT Solving
Authors: Berg Jeremias , Bogaerts Bart , Nordström Jakob , Oertel Andy , Vandesande Dieter 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn the last couple of decades, developments in SAT-based optimization have led to highly efficient maximum satisfiability (MaxSAT) solvers, but in contrast to the SAT solvers on which MaxSAT solving rests, there has been little parallel development of techniques to prove the correctness of MaxSAT results. We show how pseudo-Boolean proof logging can be used to certify state-of-the-art core-guided MaxSAT solving, including advanced techniques like structure sharing, weight-aware core extraction and hardening. Our experimental evaluation demonstrates that this approach is viable in practice. We are hopeful that this is the first step towards general proof logging techniques for MaxSAT solvers.