bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Action competence in obstetric emergencies—can this be achieved via e-learning? Interprofessional blended learning module on diagnostics and emergency treatment of shoulder dystocia
Authors: Stieglitz Verena , Buggenhagen Holger , Strelow Kai-Uwe , Schmidtmann Irene , Skala Christine , Kurz Sandra 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundDue to the rarity of shoulder dystocia, an obstetric emergency, it is difficult even for experts to develop the appropriate routine in this emergency. Regular further training is therefore recommended for obstetricians and midwives. Evidence is lacking on the extent to which e-learning as a teaching method can be successfully used to acquire these skills and put them into practice. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate how the learning objectives for shoulder dystocia, listed in the National Competence Based Learning Objectives Catalog for Medicine (NKLM, Germany) can be successfully taught in medical studies using a blended learning concept (e-learning and practical application on a birth simulator).MethodsAfter completing an e-learning course, final year medical students and midwife trainees demonstrated their action competence for shoulder dystocia procedure on a birth simulator. This transfer of the theoretical knowledge to the case study was assessed using an evaluation form oriented to the recommendations for action.ResultsOne hundred sixty medical students and 14 midwifery trainees participated in the study from April to July 2019. Overall, 95.9% of the study participants met the required standards, i.e. achieved very good to adequate performance (Ø good) in simulation training.ConclusionsE-learning with annotated high-quality learning videos is an excellent way to transfer theoretical knowledge about shoulder dystocia procedures into medical practice on a birth simulator. The learning objectives required by the NKLM for shoulder dystocia can be successfully conveyed to students via the applied blended learning concept.
An overview of nursing and midwifery leadership, governance structures, and instruments in Africa
Authors: Nawagi Faith , Kneafsey Rosie , Modber Mohammed , Mukeshimana Madeline , Ndungu Cecilia , Bayliss-Pratt Lisa 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Investment in nursing and midwifery leadership and governance are key suggested approaches by the World Health Organization (WHO) Africa Regional Office to address the shortages in the nursing health workforce. However, there are few if any studies that have investigated the existence and operationalization of the nursing and midwifery leadership and governance structures in Africa. This paper fills this gap by, providing an overview of nursing and midwifery leadership, governance structures, and instruments in Africa.

Methods
We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study of the nursing and midwifery leadership, structures, and instruments in 16 African countries using quantitative methodology. Data was analyzed using SPSS IBM 21 statistical software. Data was summarized in frequencies and percentages and presented as tables and charts.

Results
Only (9,56.25%) of the 16 countries included had retrievable evidence of all expected governance structures while (7, 43.75%) lacked one or more of the structures. A quarter (4, 25%) of the countries did not have a department of nursing and midwifery or chief nursing and midwifery officer at their Ministry of Health (MOH). The dominant gender representation across all the governance structures was female. Only Lesotho (1, 6.25%) had all expected nursing and midwifery governance instruments while the remaining (15, 93.75%) had either one or four of these instruments missing.

Conclusions
The lack of complete nursing and midwifery governance structures and instruments in various African countries is a matter of concern. Without these structures and instruments, the strategic direction and input of the nursing and midwifery profession cannot be maximized for the public good in relation to health outcomes. Addressing the existing gaps requires a multipronged approach with the need to strengthen regional collaboration, and advocacy, creating awareness, and advancing nursing and midwifery leadership training to enable nursing and midwifery governance capacity development in Africa.
Image-guided cancer surgery: a narrative review on imaging modalities and emerging nanotechnology strategies
Authors: Bortot Barbara , Mangogna Alessandro , Di Lorenzo Giovanni , Stabile Guglielmo , Ricci Giuseppe , Biffi Stefania 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSurgical resection is the cornerstone of solid tumour treatment. Current techniques for evaluating margin statuses, such as frozen section, imprint cytology, and intraoperative ultrasound, are helpful. However, an intraoperative assessment of tumour margins that is accurate and safe is clinically necessary. Positive surgical margins (PSM) have a well-documented negative effect on treatment outcomes and survival. As a result, surgical tumour imaging methods are now a practical method for reducing PSM rates and improving the efficiency of debulking surgery. Because of their unique characteristics, nanoparticles can function as contrast agents in image-guided surgery. While most image-guided surgical applications utilizing nanotechnology are now in the preclinical stage, some are beginning to reach the clinical phase. Here, we list the various imaging techniques used in image-guided surgery, such as optical imaging, ultrasound, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, nuclear medicine imaging, and the most current developments in the potential of nanotechnology to detect surgical malignancies. In the coming years, we will see the evolution of nanoparticles tailored to specific tumour types and the introduction of surgical equipment to improve resection accuracy. Although the promise of nanotechnology for producing exogenous molecular contrast agents has been clearly demonstrated, much work remains to be done to put it into practice.
Graphical Abstract
Translocation of bacterial LPS is associated with self-reported cognitive abilities in men living with HIV receiving antiretroviral therapy
Authors: Isnard Stéphane , Royston Léna , Scott Susan C. , Mabanga Tsoarello , Lin John , Fombuena Brandon , Bu Simeng , Berini Carolina A. , Goldberg Mark S. , Finkelman Malcolm , Brouillette Marie-Josée , Fellows Lesley K. , Mayo Nancy E. , Routy Jean-Pierre 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Gut damage allows translocation of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and fungal β-D-glucan (BDG) into the blood. This microbial translocation contributes to systemic inflammation and risk of non-AIDS comorbidities in people living with HIV, including those receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART). We assessed whether markers of gut damage and microbial translocation were associated with cognition in ART-treated PLWH.

Methods
Eighty ART-treated men living with HIV from the Positive Brain Health Now Canadian cohort were included. Brief cognitive ability measure (B-CAM) and 20-item patient deficit questionnaire (PDQ) were administered to all participants. Three groups were selected based on their B-CAM levels. We excluded participants who received proton pump inhibitors or antiacids in the past 3 months. Cannabis users were also excluded. Plasma levels of intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP), regenerating islet-derived protein 3 α (REG3α), and lipopolysaccharides (LPS = were quantified by ELISA, while 1–3-β-D-glucan BDG) levels were assessed using the Fungitell assay. Univariable, multivariable, and splines analyses were performed.

Results
Plasma levels of I-FABP, REG3α, LPS and BDG were not different between groups of low, intermediate and high B-CAM levels. However, LPS and REG3α levels were higher in participants with PDQ higher than the median.
Multivariable analyses showed that LPS association with PDQ, but not B-CAM, was independent of age and level of education. I-FABP, REG3α, and BDG levels were not associated with B-CAM nor PDQ levels in multivariable analyses.

Conclusion
In this well characterized cohort of ART-treated men living with HIV, bacterial but not fungal translocation was associated with presence of cognitive difficulties. These results need replication in larger samples.
Existence and H-U stability of a tripled system of sequential fractional differential equations with multipoint boundary conditions
Authors: Murugesan Manigandan , Muthaiah Subramanian , Alzabut Jehad , Nandha Gopal Thangaraj 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we introduce a new coupled system of sequential fractional differential equations with coupled boundary conditions. We establish existence and uniqueness results using the Leray–Schauder alternative and Banach contraction principle. We examine the stability of the solutions involved in the Hyers–Ulam type. As an application, we present a few examples to illustrate the main results.
Safety, tolerability, and effectiveness of the sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) dapagliflozin in combination with standard chemotherapy for patients with advanced, inoperable pancreatic adenocarcinoma: a phase 1b observational study
Authors: Park Lauren K. , Lim Kian-Huat , Volkman Jonas , Abdiannia Mina , Johnston Hannah , Nigogosyan Zack , Siegel Marilyn J. , McGill Janet B. , McKee Alexis M. , Salam Maamoun , Zhang Rong M. , Ma Da , Popuri Karteek , Chow Vincent Tze Yang , Beg Mirza Faisal , Hawkins William G. , Peterson Linda R. , Ippolito Joseph E. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a lethal malignancy. Thus, there is an urgent need for safe and effective novel therapies. PDAC’s excessive reliance on glucose metabolism for its metabolic needs provides a target for metabolic therapy. Preclinical PDAC models have demonstrated that targeting the sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) with dapagliflozin may be a novel strategy. Whether dapagliflozin is safe and efficacious in humans with PDAC is unclear.

Methods
We performed a phase 1b observational study (ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT04542291; registered 09/09/2020) to test the safety and tolerability of dapagliflozin (5 mg p.o./day × 2 weeks escalated to 10 mg p.o./day × 6 weeks) added to standard Gemcitabine and nab-Paclitaxel (GnP) chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced and/or metastatic PDAC. Markers of efficacy including Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST 1.1) response, CT-based volumetric body composition measurements, and plasma chemistries for measuring metabolism and tumor burden were also analyzed.

Results
Of 23 patients who were screened, 15 enrolled. One expired (due to complications from underlying disease), 2 dropped out (did not tolerate GnP chemotherapy) during the first 4 weeks, and 12 completed. There were no unexpected or serious adverse events with dapagliflozin. One patient was told to discontinue dapagliflozin after 6 weeks due to elevated ketones, although there were no clinical signs of ketoacidosis. Dapagliflozin compliance was 99.4%. Plasma glucagon increased significantly. Although abdominal muscle and fat volumes decreased; increased muscle-to-fat ratio correlated with better therapeutic response. After 8 weeks of treatment in the study, partial response (PR) to therapy was seen in 2 patients, stable disease (SD) in 9 patients, and progressive disease (PD) in 1 patient. After dapagliflozin discontinuation (and chemotherapy continuation), an additional 7 patients developed the progressive disease in the subsequent scans measured by increased lesion size as well as the development of new lesions. Quantitative imaging assessment was supported by plasma CA19-9 tumor marker measurements.

Conclusions
Dapagliflozin is well-tolerated and was associated with high compliance in patients with advanced, inoperable PDAC. Overall favorable changes in tumor response and plasma biomarkers suggest it may have efficacy against PDAC, warranting further investigation.
Digital literacies, social media, and undergraduate learning: what do students think they need to know?
Authors: Smith Erika E. , Storrs Hannah 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis research addresses an identified need to further understand digital literacies (DL) and whether undergraduate students view DL as being important in their lives and in their learning. Using a cross-sectional survey sent to a stratified random sample of 2500 undergraduates representative of the overall student population at a medium-sized Canadian undergraduate university (survey response rate of 19.8%, N = 496), we explored the relationships between social media and digital literacies, particularly in different disciplinary contexts. We also explored the ways in which students report using social media in their university learning, showing that students value social media for collaboration, discussion, information finding and sharing, and practise activities related to their learning. Additionally, we examined the importance students place on DL, and how they perceive and rate their own abilities with digital literacies across three domains: procedural and technical, cognitive, and sociocultural. Findings illustrate an observable gap between the high importance that students place on digital literacies (including DL for social media) in their learning and their lives and the lack of coverage students reported receiving about these topics in their undergraduate education. Based on the study’s findings, we discuss the specific ways that those in the higher education community can address this gap by engaging with and fostering development of digital literacies within specific disciplinary and professional contexts, and in interdisciplinary or transdisciplinary learning settings across the curriculum.
Video-EEG-monitoring to guide antiseizure medication withdrawal
Authors: Dhaenens-Meyer Laurien K. L. , Schriewer Elisabeth , Weber Yvonne G. , Wolking Stefan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Discontinuing anti-seizure medication (ASM) should be considered in persons with epilepsy with long-term seizure freedom. Clinicians should also pursue ASM withdrawal in persons with one-time seizures without increased recurrence risk and those with suspected non-epileptic events. However, ASM withdrawal is associated with the risk of recurring seizures. Monitored ASM withdrawal in an epilepsy monitoring unit (EMU) could help better evaluate the risk of seizure recurrence. Here, we investigate the practice of EMU-guided ASM withdrawal, assess its indications, and aim to determine positive and negative predictors for successful withdrawal.

Methods
We screened the medical records of all patients admitted to our EMU between November 1, 2019, and October 31, 2021, and included patients of at least 18 years admitted with the aim of permanent ASM withdrawal. We defined four groups of withdrawal indications: (1) long-term seizure freedom; (2) suspected non-epileptic events; (3) history of epileptic seizures but not fulfilling diagnostic criteria of epilepsy; and (4) seizure-freedom after epilepsy surgery. Successful withdrawal was defined according to the following criteria: no recoding of (sub)clinical seizure activity during VEM (groups 1, 2, and 3), patients did not meet the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) definition of epilepsy (groups 2 and 3) [14], and patients were discharged without ongoing ASM treatment (all groups). We also evaluated the prediction model by Lamberink et al. (LPM) for the risk of seizure recurrence in groups 1 and 3.

Results
55/651 (8.6%) patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Withdrawal indications were distributed as follows; group 1: 2/55 (3.6%); group 2: 44/55 (80%); group 3: 9/55 (16,4%); group 4: 0/55. Overall, ASM withdrawal was successful in 90.9%. The sensitivity of the LPM for a 2-year 50% relapse risk threshold was 75%, the specificity 33.3%; for a 5-year relapse risk respectively 12.5% and 33.3%, suggesting that the model is not suitable for risk assessment in patients with one-time seizures or acute-symptomatic seizures, who constituted most of the evaluated patients.

Conclusions
Our study suggests that EMU-guided ASM withdrawal could be a helpful tool to support clinical decision-making and improve patient safety. Prospective, randomized trials should further evaluate this method in the future.
Defining a successful total knee arthroplasty: a systematic review of metrics of clinically important changes
Authors: Beiene Zodina A. , Tanghe Kira K. , Kahlenberg Cynthia A. , McLawhorn Alexander S. , MacLean Catherine H. , Gausden Elizabeth B. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Despite the increasing use of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), the methodology used to evaluate clinically significant postoperative outcomes after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is variable. The review aimed to survey studies with identified PROM-based metrics of clinical efficacy and the assessment procedures after TKA.

Methods
The MEDLINE database was queried from 2008–2020. Inclusion criteria were: full texts, English language, primary TKA with minimum one-year follow-up, use of metrics for assessing clinical outcomes with PROMs, and primary derivations of metrics. The following PROM-based metrics were identified: minimal clinically important difference (MCID), minimum detectable change (MDC), patient acceptable symptom state (PASS), and substantial clinical benefit (SCB). Study design, PROM value data, and methods of derivation for metrics were recorded.

Results
We identified 18 studies (including 46,173 patients) that met the inclusion criteria. Across these studies, 10 different PROMs were employed, and MCID was derived in 15 studies (83%). The MCID was calculated using anchor-based techniques in nine studies (50%) and distribution techniques in eight studies (44%). PASS values were presented in two studies (11%) and SCB in one study (6%) using an anchor-based method; MDC was derived in four studies (22%) using the distribution method.

Conclusion
There is variability in the TKA literature with respect to the definition and derivation of measurements of clinically significant outcomes. Standardization of these values may have implications for optimal case selection and PROM-based quality measurement, ultimately improving patient satisfaction and outcomes.
Major depressive episode and postpartum depression: A network analysis comparison on the IGEDEPP cohort
Authors: Tebeka Sarah , Gauld Christophe , Belzeaux Raoul , Peyre Hugo , Dubertret Caroline 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIntroductionMajor depression episode (MDE) and postpartum depression (PPD) have the same diagnosis criteria, but dissimilarities may be present regarding the frequency and structure of depressive symptoms.MethodsWe used data from the IGEDEPP Cohort (France) to examine DSM-5 depressive symptoms in two groups of women: 486 with PPD and 871 with a history of non-perinatal MDE. We compare (i) the frequency of each depressive symptom adjusted for the severity of depression, (ii) the global structure of depressive symptom networks, and (iii) the centrality of each symptom in the two networks.ResultsWomen with PPD were significantly more likely to have appetite disturbance, psychomotor symptoms, and fatigue than those with MDE, while sadness, anhedonia, sleep disturbance, and suicidal ideation were significantly less common. There were no significant differences in the global structure of depressive symptoms of MDE and PPD. However, the most central criterion of the MDE network was “Sadness” while it was “Suicidal ideations” for the PPD network. “Sleep” and “Suicidal ideations” criteria were more central for PPD network, whereas “Culpability” was more important for MDE network than for PPD network.ConclusionWe found differences in depressive symptoms expression between PPD and MDE, which justify continuing to clinically distinguish PPD from MDE.
Altered cohesin dynamics and H3K9 modifications contribute to mitotic defects in thecbf11Δlipid metabolism mutant
Authors: Vishwanatha Akshay , Princová Jarmila , Hohoš Patrik , Zach Róbert , Převorovský Martin 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACTMitotic fidelity is crucial for the faithful distribution of genetic information into the daughter cells. Many fungal species, including the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, undergo a closed form of mitosis, during which the nuclear envelope does not break down. In S. pombe, numerous processes have been identified that contribute to successful completion of mitosis. Notably, perturbations of lipid metabolism can lead to catastrophic mitosis and the ‘cut’ phenotype. It has been suggested that these mitotic defects are caused by insufficient membrane phospholipid supply during the anaphase nuclear expansion. However, it is not clear whether additional factors are involved. In this study, we characterized in detail mitosis in an S. pombe mutant lacking the Cbf11 transcription factor, which regulates lipid metabolism genes. We show that in cbf11Δ cells mitotic defects have already appeared prior to anaphase, before the nuclear expansion begins. Moreover, we identify altered cohesin dynamics and centromeric chromatin structure as additional factors affecting mitotic fidelity in cells with disrupted lipid homeostasis, providing new insights into this fundamental biological process.
STUDY OF PREDICTORS OF EMOTIONAL WELL-BEING OF SCHOOLCHILDREN WITH SPECIAL EDUCATIONAL NEEDS
Authors: Shaymukhametova Svetlana F. , Tereshchenko Nina G. , Shulaeva Marina V. 
Published: May 2023

Background. The relevance of the study is explained by the applied importance of identifying and characterizing the indicators of children’s social adaptation in inclusive education as a tool for psychological and pedagogical monitoring of the child’s emotional well-being.
The purpose of the study is to study the features of self-esteem and the level of anxiety of children with disabilities in special and secondary schools.
Materials and/or methods. Dembo-Rubinstein self–assessment methodology, Phillips school anxiety level test; statistical verification was carried out using the criteria: χ2 - Pearson criterion, T-Student criterion, Spearman rank correlation coefficient.
Results. The article presents the results of a comparative study of the characteristics of self-esteem and the level of anxiety as predictors of emotional well-being for adolescents with disabilities, students of special schools and general schools. It is empirically established that children with disabilities who study in secondary schools are more likely to have a high level of self-esteem and a level of aspiration in combination with a high level of anxiety. Conclusion. The high level of anxiety of children with disabilities in the general education school approach revealed during the study indicates a low level of emotional well-being of the child in the educational environment and requires additional psychological support for this category of children, as well as a special individual pedagogical approach.