bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation of urinary continence recovery with various factors after Robot assisted radical prostatectomy
Authors:   1.	Vikram Singh,   2.	Kartik Sharma,   3.	Gautam Ram Choudhary,   4.	Mahendra Singh, Tripathi Shashank Shekhar , Bhirud Deepak Prakash ,   7.	Arjun Singh Sandhu, Navriya Shiv Charan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background In addition to ensuring cancer control, prevention of incontinence which significantly impact patients’ quality of life, is also an important issue in robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) operations. In this study, we aimed tofind the correlation of urinary continence recovery with various factors after Robot assisted radical prostatectomyMethods This study included 162 patients treated with RARP with perioperative data and at least one year of follow-up. Also, the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative parameters of the patients were analyzed. The continence recovery rate in our study was assessed at 6th week, 3rd month, 6th month, 9th month and 12th month, post-surgery. Logistic regression analysis evaluated the association between the predictive factors and urinary continence recovery in the early and late stages.Results The majority of patients with prostate cancer present in 6th decade of life. The majority of our patients (56.7%) were categorized as high risk using D‘Amico classification. The continence rate in our study at 6th week, 3rd month, 6th month, 9th month and 12th month were 40.1%, 72.2%, 85.2%, 89.5% and 91.4%, respectively. No improvement in continence status was observed after 1 year in our study. There was significant correlation of age with continence status at 6th week, 3rd month and 6th month. The young age is associated with early recovery of continence. At 3 months and 9 months, the non-diabetics cases achieved significantly higher continence rates than diabetics (p < 0.05) which shows that diabetes causes delay in attainment of continence.Conclusion The young age may be associated with early recovery of continence, but further validation requires large number of cases. We attributed good continence recovery rate to meticulous dissection and preservation of good urethral length.
Water, sanitation, and hygiene practices among rural households and related health impacts: a case study from some North Indian villages
Authors: Malan Anjali , Suhag Meenakshi , Gupta Pankaj Kumar , Sharma Hardeep Rai 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

The present study was carried out to assess the water availability, hygiene practices, and sanitary conditions in the households of open defecation-free (ODF) villages after achieving ODF status. Monitoring was conducted from 360 households of 9 ODF villages from 3 blocks of the Kurukshetra district of north India, using a questionnaire. The results interpreted that 78.33% of the surveyed population were using water supplied from government borewells and 65.55% of respondents agreed that their water is safe for drinking as they did not have any water-related diseases. Many respondents (57.2%) replied that someone in their family had suffered from waterborne disease in the preceding year. About 42.8% of households were treating their drinking water at the house level through methods like boiling, chlorination, and reverse osmosis systems. 90.8% of respondents said that they have access to a functional latrine facility. However, 5% population responded that they still prefer fields for open defecation (OD). Logistic regression results showed that the presence of garbage or litter and stagnant water near the household were associated with an increased risk of disease occurrence among the households. The findings suggested that people should maintain good sanitation and hygiene in their household surroundings to avoid health problems.
Estrogens as a Possible Therapeutic Strategy for the Management of
Neuroinflammation and Neuroprotection in COVID-19
Authors: Bandala Cindy , Cárdenas-Rodríguez Noemí , Reyes-Long Samuel , Cortés-Algara Alfredo , Contreras-García Itzel Jatziri , Cruz-Hernández Teresita Rocío , Alfaro-Rodriguez Alfonso , Cortes-Altamirano José Luis , Perez-Santos Martín , Anaya-Ruiz Maricruz , Lara-Padilla Eleazar 
Published: June 2023

Abstract:
The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) affects several tissues, including the central and
peripheral nervous system. It has also been related to signs and symptoms that suggest neuroinflammation
with possible effects in the short, medium, and long term. Estrogens could have a positive impact
on the management of the disease, not only due to its already known immunomodulator effect,
but also activating other pathways that may be important in the pathophysiology of COVID-19, such
as the regulation of the virus receptor and its metabolites. In addition, they can have a positive effect
on neuroinflammation secondary to pathologies other than COVID-19. The aim of this study is to analyze
the molecular mechanisms that link estrogens with their possible therapeutic effect for neuroinflammation
related to COVID-19. Advanced searches were performed in scientific databases as Pub-
Med, ProQuest, EBSCO, the Science Citation index, and clinical trials. Estrogens have been shown to
participate in the immune modulation of the response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus
2 (SARS-CoV-2). In addition to this mechanism, we propose that estrogens can regulate the expression
and activity of the Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), reestablishing its cytoprotective
function, which may be limited by its interaction with SARS-CoV-2. In this proposal, estrogens
and estrogenic compounds could increase the synthesis of Angiotensin-(1-7) (Ang-(1-7)) that acts
through the Mas receptor (MasR) in cells that are being attacked by the virus. Estrogens can be a
promising, accessible, and low-cost treatment for neuroprotection and neuroinflammation in patients
with COVID-19, due to its direct immunomodulatory capacity in decreasing cytokine storm and increasing
cytoprotective capacity of the axis ACE2/Ang (1-7)/MasR.
Prevention of Parkinson’s Disease: From Risk Factors to Early
Interventions
Authors: Ng Ming Guan , Chan Brendan Jun Lam , Koh Rhun Yian , Ng Khuen Yen , Chye Soi Moi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract:
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a debilitating neurological disorder characterized by progressively
worsening motor dysfunction. Currently, available therapies merely alleviate symptoms, and
there are no cures. Consequently, some researchers have now shifted their attention to identifying the
modifiable risk factors of PD, with the intention of possibly implementing early interventions to prevent
the development of PD. Four primary risk factors for PD are discussed including environmental
factors (pesticides and heavy metals), lifestyle (physical activity and dietary intake), drug abuse, and
individual comorbidities. Additionally, clinical biomarkers, neuroimaging, biochemical biomarkers,
and genetic biomarkers could also help to detect prodromal PD. This review compiled available evidence
that illustrates the relationship between modifiable risk factors, biomarkers, and PD. In summary,
we raise the distinct possibility of preventing PD via early interventions of the modifiable risk
factors and early diagnosis.
EFFECT OF PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING TO THE SPEAKING ABILITY OF THE TENTH GRADE STUDENTS
Authors: Nurhazizah Nurhazizah , Mukrim Mukrim , Arid Muhammad , Nadrun Nadrun 
Published: June 2023

The objective of this research is to find the effect of problem-based learning to the speaking ability of the tenth grade students at SMK Muhammadiyah 1 Palu. This research employed experimental research of quasi-experimental design. The samples were the students of X Farmasi as the experimental group and the students of X TKJ A as the control group. They were selected using convenience sampling technique. The data were collected through pretest and posttest analyzed by using t-test formula to compare the mean score of the experimental and control groups. The result of the data analysis shows that t-table (1.968) higher than t-value (0.96), so the hypothesis is rejected. It means problem-based learning has no effect significantly to the students speaking ability. That caused by several factors such as situation, teaching implementation, and students participation.
USE OF EVERYONE IS A TEACHER HERE METHOD TO IMPROVE STUDENTS’ SPEAKING SKILL
Authors: Permatasari Eka , Kamaruddin Abdul , Mashuri Mashuri 
Published: June 2023

The objective of this research is to investigate whether or not the students’ speaking ability can improve through the Everyone is A Teacher Here Method in teaching speaking skill of tenth grade students at SMA Negeri 5 Palu. This research applies quasi experimental design, that used two classes, they are experimental class and control class. The research population was the tenth grade students of SMA Negeri 5 Palu which is consisted of 325 students. The samples were selected by purposive sampling technique and it was 17 students of X Mipa 6a and 16 students of X Mipa 6b. The instruments that was used to collect the data was tests. The tests include pre-test and post-test, with the pre-test mean score 35.29 for experimental class and 35.63 for control class. While post-test mean score is 45.29 for experimental class and 37.50 for control class. The result of the data is analyzed statistically by applying the t-test formula. The result of the data analysis show that the value of t-counted is 2.45. Applying the degree of freedom 31 (Nx + Ny – 2 = 17 + 16 – 2) and 0.05 level of significance the value of t-table is 1.567. The calculation show that the t-test value is higher than the t-table value. It means that the hypothesis of this research is accepted. It affirms that Everyone is A teacher Here Method can improve students’ speaking skill of the tenth grade students at SMA Negeri 5 Palu.
IMPROVING VOCABULARY MASTERY THROUGH SAY STRUCTURE CONTEXT DICTIONARY TECHNIQUE (SSCD)
Authors: Anjanila Dini Sabila , Nadrun Nadrun , Mashuri Mashuri 
Published: June 2023

The objective of this research is to investigate the effectiveness of Say Structure Context Dictionary in learning vocabulary at the grade seventh students of SMP Negeri Model Terpadu Madani Palu. This research used pre-experimental research design. The sample of this research was the grade seventh Lamalonda with 21 students that selected by using purposive sampling. The data was collected by administering a vocabulary test conducted before and after the treatment. The result of pre-test and post-test showed that the mean score of pre-test was 32.70 and the mean score of post-test was 76.19. The result of data analysis showed that the t-counted value (4.30) was higher than t-table value (1.725) by applying 0.05 level of significance and 20 degree of freedom (df). In conclusion, the application of Say Structure Context Dictionary in teaching vocabulary is effective improving vocabulary mastery at the grade seventh students’ of SMP Negeri Model Terpadu Madani.
EFFECTIVENESS OF USING CROSSWORD PUZZLE GAME TO INCREASE STUDENTS’ VOCABULARY
Authors: Rizqi Fajar , Usman Sriati 
Published: June 2023

The objective of this research is to find out whether Crossword Puzzle Game is effective to increase vocabulary of the eighth-grade students at SMPN 1 Ampibabo or not. This research applied a quasi-experimental research design, involves two groups, they were experimental and control groups. The sample was selected by cluster random sampling technique, and it was 20 students of class VIII A as the experimental class and 20 students of class VIII B as the control class. The instrument used for collecting data was a test. The test included pre-test and post-test, with the mean score 51.00 for experimental class, and 57.80 for control class on pre-test. While on post-test, 72.60 for experimental class, and 64.00 for control class. The data results from the test were analyzed statistically by applying the t-test formula. The results of the analysis showed that the value of t-counted (3.1) is higher than t-table (2.025). It means that the research hypothesis was accepted. In other words, applying Crossword Puzzle Game is effective to increase vocabulary of the eighth-grade students at SMPN 1 Ampibabo. The implication of this finding to the teaching of vocabulary is that the selection of the right learning method can affect the achievement of students and teachers are expected to foster learning motivation in students in various ways according to the ability of the teacher and attractive to students.
IMPROVING READING COMPREHENSION OF THE EIGHTH GRADE STUDENTS THROUGH CONTEXT CLUES STRATEGY
Authors: Indriana Miftah Dewi , Aminah Aminah , Dewi Anjar Kusumua 
Published: June 2023

The objective of this research is to find out whether the use of Context Clues strategy is effective to improve students’ reading comprehension. The population of this research was the eighth-grade students of SMPN 20 Sigi. The sample was selected by using a purposive sampling technique. There were two groups selected, i.e. class VIII B was the experimental group, and class VIII C was the control group. The data were obtained by using a test of reading comprehension. Both groups were asked to do the test twice as pre-test and post-test. The experimental group got the higher score than the control group after the treatment. To get the deviation score, the researchers calculated each student’s pre-test and post-test scores. From the result of the score deviation, the researchers calculated the mean deviation of both classes to get sum-square deviation score. Then, the researchers continued using the result to find out the tcounted using the ttest formula. After analyzing the data, the result showed that the tcounted (4.3) is higher than the ttable (1.686). It indicates that Context Clues strategy is effective to improve reading comprehension of the eighth grade students of SMPN 20 Sigi.
ANALYSIS OF TEACHING STRATEGIES IN READING COMPREHENSION
Authors: Adawiah Rabiatul , Manurung Konder 
Published: June 2023

This study is to investigate the strategies mostly applied by teachers in teaching reading comprehension in scientific writing/journal articles. This research formulate from library research used scientific writing (journal articles) 2010 – 2021 and how is the implementation of the teaching strategies in reading comprehension the most frequently used on journal articles. This study used qualitative research design. The data were collected by library research the documentation. The data was collected from journal articles that related with the topic. To collected data is used five steps: 1) Searching valid data and resources relevant with the topic, 2) Finding the key information from the data, 3) Taking notes from the essentials information, 4) Organizing the described data into their classifications, 5) Choosing the topic to be analyzed. Based on the findings from ten journal articles, the researchers concludes that the teaching strategies QARs, Scaffolding, Memorizing strategy, Discussion strategy, Reading Aloud, Question generating, Encouraging the use dictionary, Evaluating comprehension in particular task, Brainstorming and Understanding text .From the ten teaching strategies in reading comprehension researcher found the most frequently strategies used in teaching reading comprehension namely, Question-Answer relationships (80%). In accordance with the statement of Adler (2003) QARs is the effective strategy were used in teaching reading comprehension. Teaching strategies has different ways of learning but has the same goals, which is to help students in understanding reading difficulties.
Bonding Protocols to Reverse the Bond Strength of a Universal Adhesive to Hemostatic Agent-contaminated Dentin
Authors: Pratabsingha J , Noppawong S , Thamsoonthorn C , Vichathai W , Saikaew P 
Published: June 2023

SUMMARY

Objective:
To evaluate the effect of different bonding protocols on the microtensile bond strength (μTBS) of a universal adhesive to dentin contaminated with a hemostatic agent.

Methods and Materials:
Ninety-five extracted premolars were used in this study. For the μTBS test, 80 teeth were cut to expose mid-coronal dentin and randomly divided into two groups (uncontaminated dentin and hemostatic agent-contaminated dentin). Each group was further divided into five subgroups (n=8/group): 1) SE: no additional treatment, 2) ER: etching with 32% phosphoric acid, 3) CHX: rinsing with 0.2% chlorhexidine, 4) EDTA: rinsing with 17% EDTA, and 5) T40: application of universal adhesive for 40 seconds. A universal adhesive was applied followed by resin composite build-up. μTBS test was performed after 24 hours of water storage. Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was calculated followed by the Duncan testing (α=0.05). The failure mode was analyzed using light microscopy. Additional teeth were prepared for energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis (n=1/group) and resin-dentin interface observation (n=2/group) using scanning electron microscopy.

Results:
Adverse effects of hemostatic agent contamination on the bonding performance of a universal adhesive was found in the SE, CHX, and T40 groups (p&lt;0.05). Fewer and shorter resin tags were observed in the SE, CHX, and T40 groups. A higher percentage of adhesive failure and mixed failure was found in contaminated dentin. All bonding protocols revealed lower amounts of Al and Cl after dentin contamination, except for the SE group.

Conclusions:
Hemostatic agent contamination adversely affected dentin bond strength. However, this bond strength could be reversed using the etch-and-rinse technique or rinsing with EDTA prior to adhesive application.
War Reparations of the Russian Federation to Ukraine for Ecocide and Genocide: Legal Re-alities and Past Experience
Authors: Baranenko D. , Rusyn R. 
Published: June 2023

Today, the study of ecocide and genocide is of great importance.Since the Russian Federation's full-scale invasion of Ukraine, the latter has suffered many losses, including among the civilian population, which in turn has signs of genocide, and is daily subjected to nuclear blackmail and other threats and damages, the realization of which is regarded as ecocide.
Ecocide and genocide are grave crimes against humanity that are recognized internationally and require significant efforts to prevent them in the future. According to international and national law, ecocide and genocide are punishable by liability, including reparations for the damage caused. Such responsibility pursues two main goals: punishment for crimes committed and creating an example of consequences that will influence the legal consciousness of society in the direction of preserving peace and environmental safety.
The prosecution for ecocide and genocide, which is currently being carried out in Ukraine by the political and military elite of the Russian Federation, should be no exception. Despite the fact that the military conflict in Ukraine has actually been going on since 2014, the Russian Federation has not yet paid any reparations. In addition, no decision has been made that would impose an obligation on the aggressor state to pay such reparations in favor of Ukraine.
Currently, the process of paying reparations to Ukraine has been significantly intensified, which is a positive sign for both Ukraine and the entire civilized world. In this regard, the study of historical examples of reparations for ecocide and genocide is also becoming relevant because, in particular, it will help to determine the general vision of the mechanism for making such payments, and at the theoretical level will serve as a basis for the formation of Ukrainian state policy on bringing the aggressor to justice in the form of payment of an appropriate amount of money for the damage caused by military operations.
Notary public as subject of notarial process
Authors: Barankova V. 
Published: June 2023

The article is concerned with the study of problematic aspects of the definition of the system and competence of notarial bodies and the characteristics of the features of notarial procedural legal personality of a notary (another notarial body) as a mandatory subject of notarial procedural legal relations. It is emphasized that the system of subjects of notarial procedural legal relations differs from the system of subjects of notarial law, because it is formed within the framework of notarial proceedings regarding the performance of notarial acts. It is substantiated that notarial procedural legal personality has an independent character and is not a constituent part or manifestation of civil legal personality, but represents the unity of its structural elements: legal capacity and legal capacity. At the same time, the legal personality of different participants in procedural legal relations is not the same, since they have rights and obligations of different scope and nature. A notary (another notary body) is considered as a mandatory subject of notarial procedural legal relations, possessing a specific legal personality and a special legal position.
The article describes the peculiarities of the legal status of a notary public (another notarial body), due to the need for the implementation of jurisdictional functions and the presence of law-enforcement powers, both regarding the determination of the procedural order of notarial acts (for example, involving interested parties, requesting and evaluating evidence, stopping or postponing the execution of a notarial act, etc.) and the issuance of a notarial act, which records the results of their performance.
It is proven that by entrusting notarial bodies with the function of performing notarial acts, the state grants the notary real power (but not management) powers, and because of this, the legal personality of the notary has a peculiar content and is manifested in the competence, the content of which is the authority to perform notarial acts. In addition, in the notarial process, the possible and proper behavior of the notary coincides, since the notary has both the right and the obligation to perform a certain procedural action in the presence of the conditions stipulated by the law.
The need for proper legislative regulation of system changes and the competence of notary bodies as subjects of the notarial process is noted.