bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship between cytokines and β‐amyloid and Tau protein in the CSF of patients with Alzheimer's disease, amnestic mild cognitive impairment, and individuals without subjective cognitive impairment
Authors: Burgos Ivonne Carolina Bolaños , Hansen Erika de Oliveira , Romano‐Silva Marco Aurelo , Miranda Debora , Viana Bernardo de Mattos , Bicalho Maria Aparecida Camargos ,   Research group on aging and neurodegenerative diseases
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe neuroinflammation process is one of the main pathological features of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In the course of AD, the deposits of β‐amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles lead to over‐activation of the microglia, resulting in increased production of pro‐inflammatory and anti‐inflammatory cytokines that may contribute to neuronal dysfunction and cell death. Currently, several efforts have been made to discover the role of cytokines in AD's pathogenesis and the relationship between these inflammatory factors and the presence of AD's main biological markers (1). The present study aimed to determine the quantitative correlation between cytokines, β‐amyloid, and Tau proteins and the cognitive status of the participants.MethodCSF was collected by lumbar puncture from 80 older individuals with clinically defined AD (n=36), with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) (n=24), and without objective cognitive impairment (n=20). CSF levels of β‐amyloid and p‐tau and t‐Tau and 27 cytokines were determined using the Luminex xMAP technique. Correlations were made between the cytokines, the β‐amyloid and Tau proteins levels, and the Mini‐Mental State test (MEEM).Resultconsidering all individuals, there was a significant positive correlation between Aβ42, IL‐4 and IL‐8; p‐Tau positively correlated with G‐CSF and GM‐CSF and finally p‐Tau/Aβ42 negatively correlated with IL8. The MEEM was correlated negatively with Eotaxin, IL‐6 and IL‐15. Focusing only in the AD group, there was a positive correlation for Aβ42 with IL‐4, IL‐8 and negatively with IL‐17; t‐Tau correlated negatively with IL‐1ra and IL‐5; p‐Tau/Aβ42 positively correlated with IL‐17 and negatively with IL‐8 and IP10. The MEEM showed a positive correlation with IL‐4. In the control group, Aβ42 and VEGF had a negative correlation; p‐Tau negatively correlated with TNF‐α; p‐Tau/Aβ42 were correlated positively with GM‐CSF, IL‐1β and IL‐6. The MEEM did not present any correlation. Between the aMCI group, t‐Tau was correlated positively with PDGF‐BB, and the MEEM was correlated negatively with Eotaxin.ConclusionChanges in the neuroinflammatory profile are more prominent in AD patients compared to individuals without subjective cognitive impairment and those with aMCI.
Associations between performance on the Latin American Version of the Face‐Name and plasma Neurofilament Light Chain, NfL, in individuals with autosomal‐dominant Alzheimer’s disease: Preliminary findings from the Colombia‐Boston ‐COLBOS‐ remote study
Authors: Baena Ana Y. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundWe previously reported that performance on the Latin American Spanish version of the Face‐Name Associative Memory Exam (LAS‐FNAME) differentiated between cognitively intact Presenilin1 (PSEN1) E280A mutation carriers from non‐carriers and that this performance was also associated with greater amyloid and tau burden in the entorhinal and inferior temporal cortices, when examining all carriers. Neurofilament light chain (NfL), a plasma‐based biomarker for neurodegeneration and a promising marker for early Alzheimer’s disease (AD) detection, is less invasive and expensive than PET imaging. Here, we examined whether levels of plasma NfL were associated with LAS‐FNAME performance in non‐demented PSEN1‐E280A carriers and non‐carriers.MethodsA total of 51 PSEN1‐E280A carriers (mean age = 30.06 +/‐ 4.63), including 2 Mild Cognitive Impaired carriers and 50 age‐matched non‐carriers (mean age = 35.55 +/‐ 6.16) from the Colombia‐Boston (COLBOS) remote study were included. Participants underwent blood sampling and neuropsychological assessment, including the MMSE and LAS‐FNAME. Plasma NfL concentrations were measured with a single molecule array (Simoa) method. Mann‐Whitney and Spearman correlations were used to examine group differences and the relationships between LAS‐FNAME performance and NfL levels.ResultsThere were no significant group differences in NfL levels or in the LAS‐FNAME Total Score, Immediate and Delayed Memory subscales (all p>0.05). However, mutation carriers (mean= 27.90) had lower MMSE scores than non‐carriers (mean= 28.47; p = 0.05). LAS‐FNAME Total Score was negatively associated with age (r=‐.37; p=0.007), and positively associated with MMSE scores (r=.54; p<0.001) in the carrier group. Among the entire sample, associations between NfL levels and age trended toward significance (p = 0.06). NfL levels were not associated with cognitive performance, including LAS‐FNAME or MMSE.ConclusionsPreliminary findings suggest that LAS‐FNAME may be a useful tool to track disease progression in those at increased risk for dementia. Further, our findings suggest that NfL levels may not be associated with performance on associate memory tasks, such as LAS‐FNAME, in prodromal stages of ADAD. Future work with a larger sample of carriers, across the preclinical/prodromal spectrum will allow for a more comprehensive examination of these associations.
Synergistic Porosity and Charge Effects in a Supramolecular Porphyrin Cage Promote Efficient Photocatalytic CO2Reduction**
Authors: An Lun , De La Torre Patricia , Smith Peter T. , Narouz Mina R. , Chang Christopher J. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe present a supramolecular approach to catalyzing photochemical CO2reduction through second‐sphere porosity and charge effects. An iron porphyrin box (PB) bearing 24 cationic groups,FePB‐2(P), was made via post‐synthetic modification of an alkyne‐functionalized supramolecular synthon.FePB‐2(P)promotes the photochemical CO2reduction reaction (CO2RR) with 97 % selectivity for CO product, achieving turnover numbers (TON) exceeding 7000 and initial turnover frequencies (TOFmax) reaching 1400 min−1. The cooperativity between porosity and charge results in a 41‐fold increase in activity relative to the parent Fe tetraphenylporphyrin (FeTPP) catalyst, which is far greater than analogs that augment catalysis through porosity (FePB‐3(N), 4‐fold increase) or charge (Fep‐tetramethylanilinium porphyrin (Fe‐p‐TMA), 6‐fold increase) alone. This work establishes that synergistic pendants in the secondary coordination sphere can be leveraged as a design element to augment catalysis at primary active sites within confined spaces.
Computergesteuerte Entwicklung von Ylid‐funktionalisierten Phosphinen für Palladium‐katalysierte Hiyama‐Kupplungen
Authors: Goebel Jonas F. , Löffler Julian , Zeng Zhongyi , Handelmann Jens , Hermann Albert , Rodstein Ilja , Gensch Tobias , Gessner Viktoria H. , Gooßen Lukas J. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPalladium‐katalysierte Kupplungen von Silicium‐Enolaten mit Arylelektrophilen sind von großem synthetischem Nutzen, aber oft auf teure Bromid‐Substrate beschränkt. Eine vergleichende experimentelle Studie bestätigte, dass keines der etablierten Ligandensysteme die Kupplung kostengünstiger Arylchloride mit α‐Trimethylsilylalkylnitrilen ermöglicht. Im Gegensatz dazu führten ylid‐funktionalisierte Phosphine (YPhos) zu vielversprechenden Ergebnissen. Mit Hilfe eines statistischen Modells wurden die Reaktionsausbeuten mit strukturellen Eigenschaften der Liganden korreliert und hocheffiziente Katalysatorstrukturen vorhergesagt. Mit Hilfe dieses chemieinformatischen Ansatzes wurden neue YPhos‐Liganden speziell auf die Anforderungen von Hiyama‐Kupplungen zugeschnitten. Diese Liganden brechen Aktivitätrekorde und ermöglichten die Kupplung von Arylchloriden mit α‐Trimethylsilylalkylnitrilen. Der präparative Nutzen des Katalysatorsystems wurde durch die Synthese von pharmazeutisch bedeutsamen α‐Arylalkylnitrilen, α‐Arylcarbonylen und Biarylen aufgezeigt.
Wurtzite CuGaS2 with an In‐Situ‐Formed CuO Layer Photocatalyzes CO2 Conversion to Ethylene with High Selectivity
Authors: Chakraborty Subhajit , Das Risov , Riyaz Mohd , Das Kousik , Singh Ashutosh Kumar , Bagchi Debabrata , Vinod Chathakudath P. , Peter Sebastian C. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe present surface reconstruction‐induced C−C coupling whereby CO2 is converted into ethylene. The wurtzite phase of CuGaS2. undergoes in situ surface reconstruction, leading to the formation of a thin CuO layer over the pristine catalyst, which facilitates selective conversion of CO2 to ethylene (C2H4). Upon illumination, the catalyst efficiently converts CO2 to C2H4 with 75.1 % selectivity (92.7 % selectivity in terms of Relectron) and a 20.6 μmol g−1 h−1 evolution rate. Subsequent spectroscopic and microscopic studies supported by theoretical analysis revealed operando‐generated Cu2+, with the assistance of existing Cu+, functioning as an anchor for the generated *CO and thereby facilitating C−C coupling. This study demonstrates strain‐induced in situ surface reconstruction leading to heterojunction formation, which finetunes the oxidation state of Cu and modulates the CO2 reduction reaction pathway to selective formation of ethylene.
Enhanced Activity of Enzyme Immobilized on Hydrophobic ZIF‐8 Modified by Ni2+ Ions
Authors: Yang Xiao‐Gang , Zhang Ji‐Rui , Tian Xu‐Ke , Qin Jian‐Hua , Zhang Xin‐Ya , Ma Lu‐Fang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe development of efficient enzyme immobilization to promote their recyclability and activity is highly desirable. Zeolitic imidazolate framework‐8 (ZIF‐8) has been proved to be an effective platform for enzyme immobilization due to its easy preparation and biocompatibility. However, the intrinsic hydrophobic characteristic hinders its further development in this filed. Herein, a facile synthesis approach was developed to immobilize pepsin (PEP) on the ZIF‐8 carrier by using Ni2+ ions as anchor (ZIF‐8@PEP‐Ni). By contrast, the direct coating of PEP on the surface of ZIF‐8 (ZIF‐8@PEP) generated significant conformational changes. Electrochemical oxygen evolution reaction (OER) was employed to study the catalytic activity of immobilized PEP. The ZIF‐8@PEP‐Ni composite attains remarkable OER performance with an ultralow overpotential of only 127 mV at 10 mA cm−2, which is much lower than the 690 and 919 mV overpotential values of ZIF‐8@PEP and PEP, respectively.
The Asymmetric Buchwald–Hartwig Amination Reaction
Authors: Lu Chuan‐Jun , Xu Qi , Feng Jia , Liu Ren‐Rong 
Published: December 2022

AbstractOver the past few decades, the Buchwald–Hartwig reaction has emerged as a powerful tool for forging C−N bonds, and has been vital to the pharmaceuticals, materials, and catalysis fields. However, asymmetric Buchwald–Hartwig amination reactions for constructing centered chirality, planar chirality, and axial chirality remain in their infancy owing to limited substrate scope and laggard ligand design. The recent surge in interest in the synthesis of C−N/N−N atropisomers, has witnessed a renaissance in asymmetric Buchwald–Hartwig amination chemistry as the first practical protocol for the preparation of C−N atropisomers. This review highlights reported asymmetric Buchwald–Hartwig amination protocols and provides a brief overview of their chemical practicality.
Color‐Tunable Dual‐Mode Organic Afterglow from Classical Aggregation‐Caused Quenching Compounds for White‐Light‐Manipulated Anti‐Counterfeiting
Authors: Liang Yaohui , Xu Chao , Zhang Huaqing , Wu Shiying , Li Jian‐An , Yang Yifan , Mao Zhu , Luo Suilian , Liu Cong , Shi Guang , Sun Fengqiang , Chi Zhenguo , Xu Bingjia 
Published: December 2022

AbstractColor‐tunable dual‐mode organic afterglow excited by ultraviolet (UV) and white light was achieved from classical aggregation‐caused quenching compounds for the first time. Specifically, two luminescent systems, which could produce significant organic afterglow composed of persistent thermally activated delayed fluorescence and ultralong organic phosphorescence under ambient conditions, were constructed by doping fluorescein sodium and calcein sodium into aluminum sulfate. Their lifetimes surpassed 600 ms, and the dopant concentrations were as low as 5×10−6 wt %. Moreover, the persistent luminescence colors of the materials could be tuned from blue to green and then to yellow by simply varying the concentrations of guest compounds or the temperature in the range of 260–340 K. Inspired by these exciting results, the afterglow materials were used for UV‐ and white‐light‐manipulated anti‐counterfeiting and preparation of elastomers with different colors of persistent luminescence.
Computer‐Driven Development of Ylide Functionalized Phosphines for Palladium‐Catalyzed Hiyama Couplings
Authors: Goebel Jonas F. , Löffler Julian , Zeng Zhongyi , Handelmann Jens , Hermann Albert , Rodstein Ilja , Gensch Tobias , Gessner Viktoria H. , Gooßen Lukas J. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPalladium‐catalyzed couplings of silicon enolates with aryl electrophiles are of great synthetic utility, but often limited to expensive bromide substrates. A comparative experimental study confirmed that none of the established ligand systems allows to couple inexpensive aryl chlorides with α‐trimethylsilyl alkylnitriles. In contrast, ylide functionalized phosphines (YPhos) led to encouraging results. A statistical model was developed that correlates the reaction yields with ligand features. It was employed to predict catalyst structures with superior performance. With this cheminformatics approach, YPhos ligands were tailored specifically to the demands of Hiyama couplings. The newly synthesized ligands displayed record‐setting activities, enabling the elusive coupling of aryl chlorides with α‐trimethylsilyl alkyl nitriles. The preparative utility of the catalyst system was demonstrated by the synthesis of pharmaceutically meaningful α‐aryl alkylnitriles, α‐arylcarbonyls and biaryls.
A study of bubble size/shape evolution in microbubble countercurrent contacting flotation column
Authors: Han Jikang , Li Yanfeng , Chen Peng 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCationic collectors are widely used in the flotation of iron ore, silicate, oxides, and so forth. At this stage, so much research has been carried out on flotation column cells, but more attention needs to be paid to the hydrodynamic properties in the presence of cationic collectors in cells. In order to study foaming performance and hydrodynamic characteristics in the presence of GE609, the bubble characteristics are studied in an experimental scale flotation column. A high‐speed camera recorder is used to take bubbles' images, and the bubble size and shape under different conditions is measured by image analysis. This paper aims to explore the effect of dispersed gas and continuous liquid velocities on the bubble size and aspect ratio at different axial heights in a countercurrent flotation column in the presence and absence of GE609. In the systems, the bubble size distributions and shapes at different axial positions were obtained by using high‐speed camera technology in the superficial gas velocity (Ug) ranges of 0.0021–0.0106 m/s and superficial liquid velocity (UL) ranges of 0.00123–0.00209 m/s. Through the comparison with relevant papers and studying the experiment data, the relationship between the Sauter mean diameter and Ug, UL and axial heights have been analyzed by using multiple linear regression and dimensional analysis. The experimental data have been adopted to establish the correlation between the bubble diameter and the dimensionless array, which have been compared with other literature. And the predicted values/results of Weber and Morton number correlation in this work are relatively close to the experimental values.
Investigation of combinedN2‐ andKMnO4‐pretreatment to reduce stabilization time of polyacrylonitrile‐based carbon fibers
Authors: Liu Ziwen , Hanning Srimali , Su Yuchen , Bouhrara Mohamed , Gries Thomas 
Published: December 2022

AbstractLightweight materials are continuously gaining importance due to their potential in the reduction of energy consumption. Carbon fibers and fiber reinforced composites exert impeccable mechanical properties while maintaining a low density. However, carbon fibers and their composites have significantly high production costs, which limit their application areas. Currently they are used in areas such as the aerospace and wind energy sectors where mechanical properties maintain a supremacy above the costs. In order to expand the application opportunities of carbon fibers, it is necessary to reduce the process time during their thermal conversion and thus ultimately reduce production costs. In the present article, an innovative approach is pursued in which the residence time during stabilization is reduced by 20% using a combination of an aqueous KMnO4‐ and an atmospheric N2‐treatment of the polyacrylonitrile precursor material. After validation on a continuous production scale, the results show that it is possible to accelerate desired stabilization reactions using a combined application of KMnO4and N2. Not only can partial stabilization steps be skipped, but the activation temperature of the stabilization reactions can also be reduced, so that stabilization could proceed at lower temperatures, ultimately leading to energy and cost reductions.
Gel Electrolytes for Electrochemical Actuators and Sensors Applications
Authors: Deng Zhenzhen , Liu Yaoda , Dai Zhengfei 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAdvanced functional materials, especially gel electrolytes, play a very important role in the preparation of electrochemical actuators and sensors, and have received extensive attention. In this review, a general classification of gel electrolytes is firstly introduced according to the type of medium. Then, the research progress of gel electrolytes with different types used to fabricate electrochemical actuators is summarized. Next, the current research progress of gel electrolytes used in different types of electrochemical sensors, including strain sensors, stress sensors, and gas sensors is introduced. Finally, the future challenges and development prospects of electrochemical actuators and sensors based on gel electrolytes are discussed. The huge application prospects of gel electrolyte are worthy of further focusing by researchers, which will have an indispensable impact on human life and development.
Patterns of care and outcome of CIC‐rearranged sarcoma patients: A nationwide study of the French sarcoma group
Authors: Brahmi Mehdi , Gaspar Nathalie , Gantzer Justine , Toulmonde Maud , Boudou‐Rouquette Pascaline , Bompas emmanuelle , Firmin Nelly , Valentin Thibaud , Cancel Mathilde , Duffaud Florence , Bertucci Francois , Perrin Christophe , Dufresne Armelle , Marec‐Bérard Perrine , Jean‐Denis Myriam , Ray‐Coquard Isabelle , Le Loarer Francois , Pierron Gaille , Tirode Franck , Blay Jean‐Yves , Watson Sarah 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundCIC‐rearranged sarcomas (CIC‐RS) represent the most frequent subset of “Ewing‐like” undifferentiated small round cell sarcomas. These tumors tend to be more aggressive than Ewing sarcomas. Moreover, treatment strategy can differ according to teams. The primary aim of this retrospective study was to describe the characteristics, treatments, and outcome for patients with CIC‐RS included in the French NETSARC+ database.MethodsPediatric and adult patients from 13 French centers with a diagnosis of CIC‐RS were registered from October 2008 to March 2021. Patients and tumors characteristics were collected from the national network NETSARC+ database (http://netsarc.sarcomabcb.org). CIC‐RS diagnosis was pathologically and molecularly confirmed with a central review by expert pathologists. Two groups of patients were studied: those treated as classical Ewing sarcomas (cohort EwS) and those treated as high‐grade soft tissue sarcomas (cohort STS) according to ESMO and/or EpSSG guidelines. Survival was calculated using the Kaplan–Meier method and the log‐rank test was used to compare survival.ResultsAmong 79 patients, the male/female sex ratio was 0.7 and the median age at diagnosis was 27 years (range 2–87). With a median follow‐up of 37 months, 39 patients died of the disease. Median overall survival from diagnosis was 18 months, with no significant difference between both cohorts (p = 0.9). Nevertheless, when focusing on patients with metastatic disease at diagnosis (N = 21), all patients from cohort STS died of disease while some patients from cohort EwS were still alive and in complete remission.ConclusionFSG experience confirms the aggressive clinical course of CDS patients regardless of chemotherapy regimen.
Molecular Docking Studies and the Effect of Fluorophenylthiourea Derivatives on Glutathione‐Dependent Enzymes
Authors: Demir Yeliz , Türkeş Cüneyt , Küfrevioğlu Ömer İrfan , Beydemir Şükrü 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCancer is a serious problem affecting the health of all human societies. Chemotherapy refers to the use of drugs to kill cancer or the origin of cancer. In the past three decades, researchers have studied about proteins and their roles in the production of cancer cells. Glutathione S‐transferases (GSTs) are a superfamily of enzymes that play a key role in cellular detoxification, protecting against reactive electrophiles attacks, including chemotherapeutic agents. Glutathione reductase (GR) is an important antioxidant enzyme involved in protecting the cell against oxidative stress. In this current study, GST and GR enzymes were purified from human erythrocytes using affinity chromatography. GR was obtained with a specific activity of 5.95 EU/mg protein and a 52.38 % yield. GST was obtained with a specific activity of 4.88 EU/mg protein and a 74.88 % yield. The effect of fluorophenylthiourea derivatives on the purified enzymes was investigated. Afterward, KI values were found to range from 23.04±4.37 μM–59.97±13.45 μM for GR and 7.22±1.64 μM–41.24±2.55 μM for GST. 1‐(2,6‐difluorophenyl)thiourea was showed the best inhibition effect for both GST and GR enzymes. The relationships of inhibitors with 3D structures of GST and GR were explained by molecular docking studies.
Novel Chalcone‐Phenazine Hybrids Induced Ferroptosis in U87‐MG Cells through Activating Ferritinophagy
Authors: Zhang Chunhua , Ding Qifan , Xia Zhuolu , Wang Hengyu , Jiang Feng , Lu Yuanyuan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThirty‐seven novel chalcone‐phenazine hybrid molecules (C1∼C13 and F1∼F24) with 1,2,3‐triazole or ethyl group as linkers were designed and synthesized in this study. Some compounds exhibited selective cytotoxicity against U87‐MG cancer cell lines in vitro, in which compound C4 were found to have the best antiproliferative activity. SAR study indicated 1,2,3‐triazole group may be crucial for enhancing compounds’ cytotoxicity. C4 was verified to induce ferroptosis in U87‐MG cells by transcription, lipid peroxidation, lipid ROS assays. Furthermore, C4 was up‐regulated LC3‐II, degradated FTH1, and then increasing iron resulted in the down‐regulation of NCOA4. Together, all above evidences highlighted the potential of compound C4 that triggered ferroptosis by activating ferritinophagy against U87‐MG cells.