bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resilient, undercontrolled, and overcontrolled personality types in Hong Kong youths and the association with mental health outcomes
Authors: So Melody Miriam , Suen Yi Nam , Wong Stephanie Ming Yin , Cheung Charlton , Chan Sherry Kit Wa , Lee Edwin Ho Ming , Hui Christy Lai Ming , Chen Eric Yu Hai 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the relationship between RUO types and mental health in a youth sample in Hong Kong.BackgroundPrevious research has found that Resilient, Undercontrolled, and Overcontrolled (RUO) personality types derived from Big Five personality traits are associated with mental health outcomes. Most studies, however, have predominantly been conducted in Western societies.MethodClinical diagnostic interviews and self‐rated measures of psychological constructs, covering resilience, rumination, self‐esteem and more, were administered to 860 youths aged 15 to 24 recruited from an ongoing epidemiological youth mental health study in Hong Kong.ResultsThree personality clusters were identified. The first (mean age = 19.6, 63.3% female) and second (mean age = 19.5, 60.7% female) cluster both have characteristics of the under‐ and overcontrolled personalities. The third personality type resembled the resilient profile in RUO typology (mean age = 19.6, 50.5% female) and showed the lowest prevalence of poor mental health.ConclusionsThe results suggest that the replicability of the RUO profiles was only partial in a Hong Kong sample predominantly Chinese. The resilient profile was replicated but not the undercontrolled and overcontrolled profiles proposed by previous studies. The findings of the current study implicated that culturally contextual considerations are necessary when relating mental health to personality.
Biosynthesis of neuroprotective melatonin is dysregulated in Huntington's disease
Authors: Kim Jinho , Li Wei , Wang Jingjing , Baranov Sergei V. , Heath Brianna E. , Jia Jiaoying , Suofu Yalikun , Baranova Oxana V. , Wang Xiaomin , Larkin Timothy M. , Lariviere William R. , Carlisle Diane L. , Friedlander Robert M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHuntington's disease (HD) is a progressive neurodegenerative brain disorder associated with uncontrolled body movements, cognitive decline, and reduced circulating melatonin levels. Melatonin is a potent antioxidant and exogenous melatonin treatment is neuroprotective in experimental HD models. In neurons, melatonin is exclusively synthesized in the mitochondrial matrix. Thus, we investigated the integrity of melatonin biosynthesis pathways in pineal and extrapineal brain areas in human HD brain samples, in the R6/2 mouse model of HD and in full‐length mutant huntingtin knock‐in cells. Aralkylamine N‐acetyltransferase (AANAT) is the rate‐limiting step enzyme in the melatonin biosynthetic pathway. We found that AANAT expression is significantly decreased in the pineal gland and the striatum of HD patients compared to normal controls. In the R6/2 mouse forebrain, AANAT protein expression was decreased in synaptosomal, but not nonsynaptosomal, mitochondria and was associated with decreased synaptosomal melatonin levels compared to wild type mice. We also demonstrate sequestration of AANAT in mutant‐huntingtin protein aggregates likely resulting in decreased AANAT bioavailability. Paradoxically, AANAT mRNA expression is increased in tissues where AANAT protein expression is decreased, suggesting a potential feedback loop that is, ultimately unsuccessful. In conclusion, we demonstrate that pineal, extrapineal, and synaptosomal melatonin levels are compromised in the brains of HD patients and R6/2 mice due, at least in part, to protein aggregation.
A prospective study on the prevalence of MASLD in people with type‐2 diabetes in the community. Cost effectiveness of screening strategies
Authors: Forlano Roberta , Stanic Tijana , Jayawardana Sahan , Mullish Benjamin Harvey , Yee Michael , Mossialos Elias , Goldin Robert , Petta Salvatore , Tsochatzis Emmanouil , Thursz Mark , Manousou Pinelopi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsAs screening for the liver disease and risk‐stratification pathways are not established in patients with type‐2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), we evaluated the diagnostic performance and the cost‐utility of different screening strategies for MASLD in the community.MethodsConsecutive patients with T2DM from primary care underwent screening for liver diseases, ultrasound, ELF score and transient elastography (TE). Five strategies were compared to the standard of care: ultrasound plus abnormal liver function tests (LFTs), Fibrosis score‐4 (FIB‐4), NAFLD fibrosis score, Enhanced liver fibrosis test (ELF) and TE. Standard of care was defined as abnormal LFTs prompting referral to hospital. A Markov model was built based on the fibrosis stage, defined by TE. We generated the cost per quality‐adjusted life year (QALY) gained and calculated the incremental cost‐effectiveness ratio (ICER) over a lifetime horizon.ResultsOf 300 patients, 287 were included: 64% (186) had MASLD and 10% (28) had other causes of liver disease. Patients with significant fibrosis, advanced fibrosis, and cirrhosis due to MASLD were 17% (50/287), 11% (31/287) and 3% (8/287), respectively. Among those with significant fibrosis classified by LSM≥8.1 kPa, false negatives were 54% from ELF and 38% from FIB‐4. On multivariate analysis, waist circumference, BMI, AST levels and education rank were independent predictors of significant and advanced fibrosis. All the screening strategies were associated with QALY gains, with TE (148.73 years) having the most substantial gains, followed by FIB‐4 (134.07 years), ELF (131.68 years) and NAFLD fibrosis score (121.25 years). In the cost‐utility analysis, ICER was £2480/QALY for TE, £2541.24/QALY for ELF and £2059.98/QALY for FIB‐4.ConclusionScreening for MASLD in the diabetic population in primary care is cost‐effective and should become part of a holistic assessment. However, traditional screening strategies, including FIB‐4 and ELF, underestimate the presence of significant liver disease in this setting.
The genetics of portal hypertension: Recent developments and the road ahead
Authors: Shalaby Sarah , Ronzoni Luisa , Hernandez‐Gea Virginia , Valenti Luca 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPortal hypertension (PH), defined as a pathological increase in the portal vein pressure, has different aetiologies and causes. Intrahepatic PH is mostly secondary to the presence of underlying liver disease leading to cirrhosis, characterized by parenchymal changes with deregulated accumulation of extracellular matrix and vascular abnormalities; liver sinusoidal endothelial cells and hepatic stellate cells are key players in PH progression, able to influence each other. However, PH may also develop independently of parenchymal damage, as occur in portosinusoidal vascular disorder (PSVD), a group of clinical and histological entities characterized by portal vasculature dysfunctions. In this particular group of disorders, the pathophysiology of PH is still poorly understood. In the last years, several genetic studies, based on genome‐wide association studies or whole‐exome sequencing analysis, have highlighted the importance of genetic heritability in PH pathogenesis, both in cirrhotic and non‐cirrhotic cases. The common PNPLA3 p.I148M variant, one of the main determinants of the susceptibility to steatotic liver disease, has also been associated with decompensation in patients with PH. Genetic variations at loci influencing coagulation, mainly the ABO locus, may directly contribute to the pathogenesis of PH. Rare genetic variants have been associated with familiar cases of progressive PSVD. In this review, we summarize the recent knowledges on genetic variants predisposing to PH development, contributing to better understand the role of genetic factors in PH pathogenesis.
Intelligent recognition of joints and fissures in tunnel faces using an improved mask region‐based convolutional neural network algorithm
Authors: Lei Ming‐Feng , Zhang Yun‐Bo , Deng E , Ni Yi‐Qing , Xiao Yong‐Zhuo , Zhang Yang , Zhang Jun‐Jie 
Published: September 2023

AbstractTo address the challenges of low recognition accuracy, low robustness, and low detection efficiency in existing tunnel face joint and fissure recognition methods, we present a deep learning recognition segmentation algorithm called the mask region convolutional neural network (Mask R‐CNN) that is enhanced by an advanced Transformer attention mechanism and deformable convolution network (Mask R‐CNN‐TD). The Transformer attention mechanism improves the backbone network's ability to extract image features by focusing on important areas. A deformable convolutional network enables the network to more precisely conform to the morphological characteristics of joints and fissures on the tunnel face, thereby enhancing the accuracy of detection. Experimental results demonstrate that Mask R‐CNN‐TD achieves superior performance, compared to Mask R‐CNN series algorithms and other instance segmentation methods in terms of detection accuracy, with mean average precision scores of 70.5%, 70.8%, 53.2%, and 63.3% for detection box and mask segmentation at thresholds of 0.5 and 0.75, respectively. Based on the stable and efficient Mask R‐CNN‐TD model, we developed a mobile application called tunnel face detector to automatically detect tunnel faces on the construction site.
Neuroactive metabolites modulated by the gut microbiota in honey bees
Authors: Cabirol Amélie , Moriano‐Gutierrez Silvia , Engel Philipp 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHoney bees have emerged as a new model to study the gut–brain axis, as they exhibit complex social behaviors and cognitive abilities, while experiments with gnotobiotic bees have revealed that their gut microbiota alters both brain and behavioral phenotypes. Furthermore, while honey bee brain functions supporting a broad range of behaviors have been intensively studied for over 50 years, the gut microbiota of bees has been experimentally characterized only recently. Here, we combined six published datasets from metabolomic analyses to provide an overview of the neuroactive metabolites whose abundance in the gut, hemolymph and brain varies in presence of the gut microbiota. Such metabolites may either be produced by gut bacteria, released from the pollen grains during their decomposition by bacteria, or produced by other organs in response to different bacterial products. We describe the current state of knowledge regarding the impact of such metabolites on brain function and behavior and provide further hypotheses to explore in this emerging field of research.
Food and nutrient intake of adolescent women in Medellín, Colombia
Authors: Restrepo‐Mesa Sandra L. , Correa Guzmán Nathalia , Manjarrés Correa Luz M. , Duque Franco Luz , Bergeron Gilles 
Published: September 2023

AbstractNutritional imbalance in adolescent girls causes alterations in health, reproductive cycles, and fetal outcomes of future generations. To evaluate the dietary pattern and prevalence of inadequate nutrient intake, a 24‐hour multi‐step food recall was carried out among 793 adolescent women (14–20 years old) from Medellin, Colombia. Their dietary pattern was characterized by lower than recommended intakes of fruits and vegetables (CRI 0.4, AMD 0.2), dairy (CRI 0.5, AMD 0.2), and proteins (CRI 0.8, AMD 0.3), while starches (CRI 1.2, AMD 0.4), fats (CRI 1.1, AMD 0.6), and sugars (CRI 1.0, AMD 0.5) were at similar or higher levels than recommendations. A high risk of deficiency was found in the usual intake of energy (53.0%), protein (39.8%), calcium (98.9%), folates (85.7%), iron (74.4%), thiamine (44.3%), vitamin C (31.3%), zinc (28.3%), vitamin A (23.4%), cyanocobalamin (17.3%), and pyridoxine (10.9%). A low risk of deficiency was noted in usual fiber intake (0.5%), and a higher than recommended intake was noted in saturated fat (100.0%) and simple carbohydrates (68.8%). Anecdotally, a large proportion of respondents saw decreases in their food consumption during the COVID‐19 pandemic. These results suggest an urgent need for nutrition education programs to emphasize the importance of adequate nutrition among adolescent women.
“Order and adventure”: The political in Paul Auster's 4321
Authors: Zhang Meiping 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPaul Auster's 4321 is on the surface organized around a multiplication of one's life story. This essay argues that the kind of textual multiplication developed in the novel can also be linked with an essential need to express the depth and breadth of the political. Looking at three forms of expression—journalism, film, and poetry—it analyzes their functions in creating openings into a public realm departing from normative conceptions of collectivity and identification, which then leads to a rethinking of the common through the multiplicities of experience.
Fusobacterium nucleatum triggers senescence phenotype in gingival epithelial cells
Authors: Albuquerque‐Souza Emmanuel , Shelling Benjamin , Jiang Min , Xia Xia‐Juan , Rattanaprukskul Kantapon , Sahingur Sinem Esra 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe prevalence of periodontitis increases with physiological aging. However, whether bacteria associated with periodontal diseases foster aging and the mechanisms by which they may do so are unknown. Herein, we hypothesize that Fusobacterium nucleatum, a microorganism associated with periodontitis and several other age‐related disorders, triggers senescence, a chief hallmark of aging responsible to reduce tissue repair capacity. Our study analyzed the senescence response of gingival epithelial cells and their reparative capacity upon long‐term exposure to F. nucleatum. Specifically, we assessed (a) cell cycle arrest by analyzing the cyclin‐dependent kinase inhibitors p16INK4a and p14ARF and their downstream cascade (pRb, p53, and p21) at both gene and protein levels, (b) lysosomal mediated dysfunction by using assays targeting the expression and activity of the senescence‐associated β‐galactosidase (SA‐β‐Gal) enzyme, and (c) nuclear envelope breakdown by assessing the expression of Lamin‐B1. The consequences of the senescence phenotype mediated by F. nucleatum were further assessed using wound healing assays. Our results revealed that prolonged exposure to F. nucleatum promotes an aging‐like phenotype as evidenced by the increased expression of pro‐senescence markers (p16INK4a, p21, and pRb) and SA‐β‐Gal activity and reduced expression of the counter‐balancing cascade (p14ARF and p53) and Lamin‐B1. Furthermore, we also noted impaired wound healing capacity of gingival epithelial cells upon prolong bacterial exposure, which was consistent with the senescence‐induced phenotype. Together, our findings provide a proof‐of‐concept evidence that F. nucleatum triggers a pro‐senescence response in gingival epithelial cells. This might affect periodontal tissue homeostasis by reducing its repair capacity and, consequently, increasing susceptibility to periodontitis during aging.
Juche in the broader context of Korean philosophy
Authors: Kim Hannah H. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThere is ongoing debate on whether Juche (주체/主體), the North Korean state ideology, is indigenous, Marxist‐Leninist, or Confucian—or if its a real philosophy at all. In this article, I introduce Juche and show how characteristics that philosophers identify to be unique or pronounced in premodern Korean philosophy can be found in Juche as well. Intellectual adaptation, pragmaticism, and an emphasis on continual improvement are prominent in both premodern Korean thought and Juche. Juche should be understood as a politically inflected outgrowth that is embedded within the larger context of Korean philosophy.
PrEP‐aring stylists: Development of a stylist educational workshop to increase PrEP awareness and knowledge among Black women in the US south
Authors: Johnson Ragan , Conley Cherie , Jeter Elizabeth , Randolph Schenita D. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundBlack cis‐gender women are disparately affected by HIV and require prioritization in prevention efforts, including pre‐exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Preparing trusted community leaders such as salon stylists as health‐based opinion leaders may be promising to increasing awareness, knowledge, and uptake of PrEP among Black women. We sought to develop training and better understand stylists who may participate in a salon‐based PrEP intervention for Black women.MethodsA community‐research partnership designed a stylist training workshop for stylists with a majority Black women clientele. A two‐session workshop focused on HIV knowledge, HIV prevention including PrEP, and the role of an opinion leader to influence community social and health norms. An exploratory research design and analysis was conducted to examine stylists and provide training feedback.ConclusionsStylists showed a high level of knowledge and willingness to serve as an opinion leader in their salons and with their communities. Stylists also verified medical mistrust in the healthcare system that makes community‐based interventions attractive. This article discusses how the training was piloted and accepted by stylists.
The immunomodulatory effects of the C‐type lectin protein of Toxocara canis on experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
Authors: Etebar Fazeleh , Hosseini Seyed Hossein , Borhani Zarandi Mehdi , Moghadasi Abdorreza Naser , Jalousian Fateme 
Published: September 2023

AbstractToxocara canis is a global zoonosis infection that can cause chronic and long‐term toxocariasis in their paratenic host. The excretory‐secretory (ES) products of T. canis larvae are considered to be responsible for the Th2 polarization and regulatory immune responses in toxocariasis. The C‐type lectin family is one of the most prominent components of ES products of T. canis infective larvae. This study aimed to investigate the ameliorative effect of a T. canis C‐type lectin recombinant protein (rCTL), on experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) which is a T‐cell‐mediated autoimmune disease of the central nervous system. C57BL/6 mice were subcutaneously treated with 30 μg rCTL, three times at an interval of 1 week. EAE was induced by myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein 35–55 peptide (MOG35‐55 peptide) immunization, and weight and clinical scores were evaluated. Real time polymerase chain reaction was performed to evaluate the expression levels of T‐bet, Gata3, and Foxp3 in splenocytes. In addition, the levels of interleukin 4, interferon gamma, and tumour growth factor‐β (TGF‐β) were quantified by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay in splenocyte culture supernatants. The results indicated that the rCTL decreased clinical disability scores and delayed the onset of EAE. Furthermore, the data showed that rCTL treatment modulated the immune response, which was associated with upregulation of the mRNA expression of the Foxp3 gene and higher production of TGF‐β in rCTL‐treated mice. This study demonstrated that rCTL might be a potential agent to ameliorate EAE symptoms by stimulating anti‐inflammatory responses.
‘Materie piacevolissime da leggere e utili da essequire’: The introductory letters in Leonardo Fioravanti's Capricci medicinali
Authors: Katinis Teodoro 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis contribution examines the changes in the type and sequence of paratexts at the beginning of Leonardo Fioravanti’s Capricci medicinali from the first edition (1561) to the 1680 edition. The aim of this paper is to study the building of a selfimage and promotion of Fioravanti and his medicine via the paratextual letters. This was the first and most published of Fioravanti’s works which spread in Venice, one of the most vital book markets of sixteenth‐century Europe, and attracted the attention of publishers and public. After a description of the different paratextual elements, this contribution briefly focuses on two specific texts, i.e., Dionigi Atanagi’s letter in praise of Fioravanti as an ideal physician and writer of medical matter, and Fioravanti's Ragionamento. Self‐care and self‐fashioning serve each other and collaborate to draw as much attention as possible on the Capricci but also on its author and even on Atanagi, a most popular polygraph at that time, as an ideal reader of the work. The parallel narration of those two texts creates a fruitful echo effect that amplifies the results and possibly contributed to the success of the Capricci medicinali.
Specificity, frequency, and intent: Multiple characteristics of adolescents' suicide plan correlate with their history of suicidal behavior
Authors: Beaton Maura A. , Gratch Ilana , Cha Christine B. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundSuicide plans (SP) can be a common precipitant to suicidal behavior (SB) during adolescence, and SPs can vary in how specific they are, how frequently they are thought about, and how strongly they are intended to be enacted. To date, we have limited understanding of how discrete SP characteristics (i.e., specificity, frequency, and intent to act) present among adolescents, and whether they relate to SB. In the current study, we investigated SP characteristics and their association with SB history among adolescents who had previously considered suicide.MethodsParticipants were 142 community‐based adolescents (14–19 years; M = 17.6, SD = 1.4) who reported a history of suicidal ideation. Adolescents provided responses pertaining to their SP history, SP characteristics, and SB history, via the Self‐Injurious Thoughts and Behaviors Interview‐Revised (SITBI‐R).ResultsGreater specificity, frequency, and intent were each associated with modestly increased odds of reporting an SB history. The associations between plan specificity and SB history, as well as between frequency of thinking about one's SP and SB history, were mediated by adolescents' intent to act on their SP.ConclusionsIt may not only be whether, but how, adolescents plan for suicide that relates to their tendency to engage in SB.
Design and practice of an emergency blood allocation system based on radiofrequency identification technology
Authors: Xie Shuhong , Cao Yan , Shen Xixi , Tian Chuan , Wang Mingyuan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesCurrently, blood allocation is solely done by scanning barcode labels for each bag of blood, with low efficiency. However, the rapid allocation of emergency blood is required owing to the rapid increase in blood consumption during unconventional emergencies. This study aimed to design and apply radiofrequency identification (RFID) technology for the rapid allocation of blood in batches with advantages in time, efficiency and accuracy.Materials and MethodsA blood emergency allocation system based on RFID technology was designed using a multi‐label anti‐collision algorithm and tested with automatic information check, a comparative study of scanning speed and accuracy, data analysis and other methods.ResultsThe optimal packing quantities of suspended red blood cells and fresh frozen plasma were 40 and 50 bags per box, respectively. The application of rapid batch allocation of blood using RFID technology was performed, and the data sent and received by RFID scanning and barcode scanning were compared.ConclusionThe designed RFID blood emergency allocation system could effectively achieve the rapid and batch allocation of emergency blood and has the advantages of stability, efficiency and accuracy in blood emergency allocation and management.