bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On-orbit demonstration of inter-satellite free-space optical stable communication enabled by integrated optical amplification of HPA and LNA
Authors: Bai Zhaofeng , Meng Jiacheng , Su Yulong , Zheng Yunqiang , Chang Zhiyuan , Wei Sentao , Gao Duorui , Nie Wenchao , Meng Xiangsheng , Han Junfeng , Xue Bin , Zhang Chunmin , Wang Wei , Xie Xiaoping 
Published: March 2023

Satellite free-space optical (FSO) communication is very promising in improving the bandwidth and capacity of space information networks in the future. However, the inter-satellite transmission distance of over 1000 km leads to unstable optical beam pointing, acquisition, and tracking and then generates optical power jitter by a large margin before detection–demodulation. Therefore, it is difficult to realize high-stability and long-time FSO communication between satellites due to the generated bit error rate (BER) by jitter. In this paper, we report an autonomously self-designed and high-integration laser communication payload (LCP) and on-orbit-demonstrated inter-satellite 145 min, zero-BER FSO stable communication with a line rate of 2.8 Gbps. Moreover, based on the inter-satellite laser communication link, a video phone was clearly implemented for more than 10 min, and authentic user data transmitted 459,149 packets, achieving results of zero-packet loss. Summarily, this on-orbit experiment demonstrated an excellent performance of the LCP owing to the distinctive design of integrating a high-power amplifier and low-noise amplifier optical amplification function. Our space mission was successfully completed, and the on-orbit demonstration results may offer a significant reference for the field of satellite laser communication and space information networks.
Chaos synchronization of semiconductor lasers over 1040-km fiber relay transmission with hybrid amplification
Authors: Wang Longsheng , Wang Junli , Wu Yushan , Sun Yuehui , Li Songsui , Yan Lianshan , Wang Yuncai , Wang Anbang 
Published: March 2023

Optical chaos communication and key distribution have been extensively demonstrated with high-speed advantage but only within the metropolitan-area network range of which the transmission distance is restricted to around 300 km. For secure-transmission requirement of the backbone fiber link, the critical threshold is to realize long-reach chaos synchronization. Here, we propose and demonstrate a scheme of long-reach chaos synchronization using fiber relay transmission with hybrid amplification of an erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) and a distributed fiber Raman amplifier (DFRA). Experiments and simulations show that the hybrid amplification extends the chaos-fidelity transmission distance thanks to that the low-noise DFRA suppresses the amplified spontaneous emission noise and self-phase modulation. Optimizations of the hybrid-relay conditions are studied, including launching power, gain ratio of DFRA to EDFA, single-span fiber length, and number of fiber span. A 1040-km chaos synchronization with a synchronization coefficient beyond 0.90 is experimentally achieved, which underlies the backbone network-oriented optical chaos communication and key distribution.
A resurgence of e-cigarette use among adolescents and young adults late in the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Kreslake Jennifer M. , O’Connor Katie M. , Liu Michael , Vallone Donna M. , Hair Elizabeth 
Published: March 2023

Background
Early in the COVID-19 pandemic, e-cigarette use significantly declined among young people due, in part, to losing access through social sources. As the pandemic progressed, adolescents and young adults gained opportunities to resume contact with peers. This study sought to determine whether e-cigarette use has returned to pre-pandemic levels among adolescents and young adults.

Methods
Data were drawn from a cross-sectional weekly survey of adolescents (aged 15–17) and young adults (aged 18–24) (N = 37,331). Logistic regression analyses measured odds of past 30-day e-cigarette use among respondents surveyed (a) late in the pandemic (April 2021—April 2022) compared to early in the pandemic (March–July 2020) and (b) late in the pandemic (August–December 2021) compared to prior to the pandemic (August–December 2019).

Results
The odds of current e-cigarette use were significantly higher later in the COVID-19 pandemic (April 2021–April 2022), compared to its initial months (March–July 2020) (OR:1.27, 95% CI: 1.17–1.38; p = 0.001). There was no significant difference in the odds of e-cigarette use for youth and younger adults late in the pandemic (August–December 2021) compared to the same time period prior to the pandemic (August–December 2019), but odds were greater for young adults aged 21 years or older (OR:1.16; 95% CI: 1.01–1.32; p = 0.030).

Conclusions
E-cigarette use has returned to pre-pandemic levels among adolescents and young adults. Young adults over age 21 are more likely to use e-cigarettes than young adults of the same age surveyed prior to the pandemic. Findings have implications for targeted e-cigarette prevention and cessation efforts.
First-trimester screening for Down syndrome using quadruple maternal biochemical markers
Authors: Caron Laurence , Fillion Alexandre , Giguère Yves , Audibert François , Forest Jean-Claude , Gasse Cédric , Girard Mario , Laforest Geneviève , Guerby Paul , Bujold Emmanuel 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Placental growth factor (PlGF) is used for first-trimester preeclampsia screening and could be combined with other biochemical markers for Down syndrome screening. We aim to estimate the predictive value of the combination of pregnancy-associated plasma protein (PAPP-A), free β-human chorionic gonadotropin (free β-hCG), placental growth factor (PlGF) and α-fetoprotein (AFP) with and without nuchal translucency.

Methods
Singleton pregnancies recruited at 11–14 weeks and followed until delivery. The four maternal markers were measured using Kryptor (ThermoFisher-BRAHMS) and adjusted for gestational age and maternal characteristics. The risk of Down syndrome was calculated using the Fetal Medicine Foundation algorithm and multivariate linear regression analyses in all cases and in 2,200 controls. Receiver-operator characteristic (ROC) curves were used to calculate the detection and false-positive rates.

Results
Twenty-six (0.2%) cases of Down syndrome were diagnosed among 13,386 participants. The combination of the four biomarkers could have detected 88% (95% CI: 72–97%) of the cases at a false-positive rate of 13% (95% CI: 12–15%). The addition of nuchal translucency would have increased the detection rate to 96% (95% CI: 82–99%) at a false-positive rate of 4% (95% CI: 4–5%) using a 1:300 cut-off and to 100% (95% CI: 89–100%) at a false-positive rate of 6% (95% CI: 5–8%) using a 1:500 cut-off.

Conclusions
First-trimester screening using biochemical markers allows the identification of approximately 88% of Down syndrome cases for a false-positive rate of 13%. The addition of nuchal translucency raises the detection rate above 95% with a false-positive rate below 5%.
Interlaboratory variation for NT-proBNP among Swedish laboratories in an external quality program 2011–2021
Authors: Lundgren Morgan , Ridefelt Peter , Karlsson Mathias , Norling Anna , Larsson Anders 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Objectives
NT-proBNP is frequently used for ruling out heart failure. Different cut-offs are used depending on the clinical context, e.g. an acute or chronic condition. Medical decision limits have been suggested at 125 and 300 ng/L or 400 ng/L in international guidelines. However, there is limited standardization between NT-proBNP methods and using the same blood sample might cause different treatment of patients.

Methods
Data from the external quality assessment program for NT-proBNP from Equalis, Sweden, were extracted for the period 2011–2021, and categorized according to manufacturer. Manufacturer median NT-proBNP values were compared to total median values. CV% was calculated for each manufacturer and in comparison to different levels of NT-proBNP.

Results
Roche was the most common method, and its median results were closest to the median consensus results. When looking at the total CV at NT-proBNP levels in the range of 0–500 ng/L, the total CV varied from 4 to 27%. During 2019–2021, Siemens (Immulite, Centaur, Atellica) yielded results 16–20% above the consensus median depending on sample level. Similarly, Abbott was 5–7% above, while Roche and Siemens Stratus were 1% respectively 6–10% below the consensus median.

Conclusions
The introduction of new manufacturers and methods in 2017 have caused the agreement between manufacturers to decline. This highlights the need for a common calibrator and reference materials, particularly since medical decision limits in guidelines, e.g. European Society of Cardiology 2021, which are mostly based on Roche methods, do not take these method differences into account.
LLDPE matrix with LDPE and UV stabilizer additive to evaluate the interface adhesion impact on the thermal and mechanical degradation
Authors: Al-Attar Fatma , Al-Samhan Meshal , Al-Shamali Mustafa 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLinear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) is a commodity material that has been increasingly used in various open environments owing to its versatile properties. The mechanical and thermal degradation and processability properties can be enhanced by blending with other polymers or using different types of fillers to adjust such properties to fit the required applications. The objective of this work is to investigate the polymer–polymer interface and compare it with the polymer–additive (microparticles) interface in terms of structural changes and the impact on the polymer environmental properties. The novelty of this work is how to control the adhesion at the interface to enhance selected properties of the polymer without compromising other properties. LLDPE dried resins were compounded with UV additive and different wt% content of LDPE resin separately in a twin-screw extruder at 180–200°C and 150 rpm rotating speed with a die head to produce 1 mm thickness sheets. Then the prepared specimens were cooled to ambient temperature for testing. The nuclear magnetic resonance results showed that LLDPE with microparticles has good phase adhesion compared to the blended samples with LDPE. Moreover, thermal gravimetric analysis showed that the blends decompose in two steps at high LDPE content. The morphological images revealed cavities in the microstructure of low weight percent blends inductive of the relatively weak interaction between the components. The present study conclusively demonstrates that the polymer matrix is more stable with microparticle fillers (UV stabilizer) additive than with LDPE, which impacts the environment durability for outdoor application.
Native state of wood cellulose: evidence that further supports its non-crystalline nature
Authors: Agarwal Umesh P. , Reiner Richard S. , Baez Carlos , Ralph Sally A. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Although highly desirable, the nature of wood-cellulose in its native state has remained difficult to comprehend. Contrary to the traditional acceptance of wood-cellulose being crystalline, in 2016, the authors’ research found that the cellulose was not crystalline. Here, additional evidence is presented that further supports the non-crystalline model. One of the key pieces of evidence was obtained by 64% H2SO4 hydrolysis of tension- and opposite-aspen woods (TW and OW, respectively). The TW (G-layer rich) yielded significant amount of CNCs (TW-CNCs, 20.7%), the OW yielded a much lower amount (OW-CNCs, 5.4%). Although a higher yield of TW-CNCs was expected due to the presence crystalline cellulose in the G-layer, the lower yield of the OW-CNCs was a surprise because, assuming absence of G-layer, based on the authors’ earlier findings no CNCs were expected to be generated. To explain this anomaly, anatomical examination of the woods using stains was carried out which showed that some OW fibers also contained the crystalline G-layer and therefore, provided an explanation as to why the OW-CNCs were produced. The results clearly showed that the acid hydrolysis did not destroy the crystalline cellulose and therefore, in the case of a normal (G-layer free) wood which, as previously reported had not generated CNCs, the cellulose must have been non-crystalline. An additional indication of the wood’s S2 cellulose being not crystalline was the absence of the 93 cm−1 Raman band in the low frequency spectrum of the TW S2 layer. Further evidence was obtained by comparing low frequency Raman spectra of TW-CNCs, TW-holopulp, and aspen-holopulp as well as the mixture-samples of crystalline cellulose and xylan at the concentration levels of their occurrence in these holopulps. Overall, these findings provided further support to the contention that the native wood-cellulose is non-crystalline.
Optical duobinary transmitter based OQPSK line coding phase offset for the prediction of OWC channel systems performance efficiency
Authors: Rashed Ahmed Nabih Zaki , Reddy Mittamidi Madhusudhan , Nagendram Sanam , Kak Anwer Twana Mohammed , Ahammad Shaik Hasane , Kumar Munuswamy Siva , Hossain Md. Amzad , Essam Ahmed 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This work demonstrates the optical duobinary transmitter based optical quadature phase shift keying line coding phase offset for the prediction of optical fiber wireless channel systems performance efficiency. The max signal light power variations with the spectral wavelength variations for different degree phase offsets based optical quadrature phase shift keying (OQPSK) transmitter are clarified. The max signal light power variations with the time variations for various degrees phase offset based OQPSK transmitter are demonstrated. The total power lighted after OWC channel for various degree phase offset based OQPSK transmitter are indicated. The max electrical power signal amplitude variations with the time variations for various degree phase offset based OQPSK transmitter are observed. Total electrical power signal after optical receiver for various degree phase offset based OQPSK transmitter is clarified. Total optical power variations after OWC channel for various degrees phase offset based OQPSK transmitter is studied.
Efficient employment of optical DPSK transmitter with linear multimode fibers and FSO channel under various duty cycle coding effects
Authors: Rashed Ahmed Nabih Zaki , Reddy Mittamidi Madhusudhan , Nagendram Sanam , Kak Anwer Twana Mohammed , Ahammad Shaik Hasane , Inthiyaz Syed , Hossain Md. Amzad , Farouk Sara 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This study has demonstrated the efficient employment of optical DPSK transmitter with linear multimode fibers and FSO channel under various duty cycle coding effects. The light signal power form variations after linear multimode fiber versus spectral wavelength based various RZ-percentage duty cycle coding is clarified. The light signal power form variations after linear multimode fiber versus spectral wavelength based various NRZ duty cycle coding is also clarified. The light power signal form variations after FSO channel versus spectral wavelength based different RZ percentage duty cycle coding is analyzed. Moreover the light power signal form variations after FSO channel versus spectral wavelength based NRZ percentage duty cycle coding is investigated. The light signal power form variations after linear multimode fiber versus spectral wavelength based various RZ percentage duty cycle coding and NRZ modulation code are indicated.
Extensions and Congruences of Partial Lattices
Authors: Chajda Ivan , Länger Helmut 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFor a partial latticeLthe so-called two-point extension is defined in order to extendLto a lattice. We are motivated by the fact that the one-point extension broadly used for partial algebras does not work in this case, i.e. the one-point extension of a partial lattice need not be a lattice. We describe these two-point extensions and prove several properties of them. We introduce the concept of a congruence on a partial lattice and show its relationship to the notion of a homomorphism and its connections with congruences on the corresponding two-point extension. In particular we prove that the quotientL/Eof a partial latticeLby a congruenceEonLis again a partial lattice and that the two-point extension ofL/Eis isomorphic to the quotient lattice of the two-point extensionL*ofLby the congruence onL*generated byE. Several illustrative examples are enclosed.
Sharp Approximations for the Generalized Elliptic Integral of the First Kind
Authors: He Zai-Yin , Jiang Yue-Ping , Wang Miao-Kun 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
For a ∈ (0, 1/2], r ∈ (0, 1), let 𝒦a
(r) (𝒦(r)) be the generalized (complete) elliptic integral of the first kind. In the article, we prove some monotonicity properties of certain combination of functions involving 𝒦a
(r), and thus establish its two sharp inequalities, which extend and improve some well-known results of 𝒦(r).
Investigation into miRNA profile in patient groups with and without ST elevation
Authors: Bobusoglu Onur , Balci Senay , Gundes Ahmet , Camsari Ahmet , Tamer Lulufer 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Because acute myocardial infarction (AMI) may occur suddenly and cannot be predicted, it is critical to identify early diagnosis markers. In recent years, in addition to the developing diagnostic methods, other markers that may be related to the diagnosis of AMI are miRNA molecules. The specificity of miRNAs involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and regulation of cardiac functions has been shown. The present study aimed to investigate the changes in miRNA expression levels in MI patients with ST-elevation (STEMI) and without ST elevation (NSTEMI).

Methods
In this study, 25 patients with STEMI, 25 with NSTEMI, and 20 healthy participants were included. Expression analysis of miRNAs isolated from the plasma of individuals was performed using high-throughput real-time PCR.

Results
Compared with the control group, miR-221-3p and miR-30d-5p were downregulated, while miR-25-3p, miR-92a-3p, miR-34a-5p and miR-150 upregulated in the patient group with NSTEMI; miR-221-3p, miR-25-3p, miR-30d-5p and miR-92a-3p were downregulated while miR-208a-3p was upregulated in patients with STEMI (p>0.05).

Conclusions
In conclusion, miRNAs may be an early biomarker for diagnosing AMI; however, further and larger studies are needed.
Synthesis and crystal structure of two novel polymorphs of (NaCl)[Cu(HSeO3)2]: a further contribution to the family of layered copper hydrogen selenites
Authors: Grishaev Vasili Yu , Siidra Oleg I. , Markovski Mishel R. , Charkin Dmitri O. , Omelchenko Timofey A. , Nazarchuk Evgeni V. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCrystals of two new polymorphic forms of the known compound (NaCl)[Cu(HSeO3)2], which we term polymorphsIIandIII, were formed after aca. one-year dwelling of a crystalline precipitate under mother liquor and upon crystallization in the presence of K+, respectively. Both structures belong to the “layered copper hydroselenite” family. The polymorphIIis a structural analog of (KCl)[Cu(HSeO3)2] with a fully ordered Na+site; the main difference concerns the environment of Cu2+which is more regular in (NaCl)[Cu(HSeO3)2]-II. In contrast to some expectations, crystallization from solutions containing KCl. NaCl, CuCl2, and H2SeO3upon evaporation does not result in formation of mixed (Na1−xKxCl)[Cu(HSeO3)2] crystals, but rather in a separate crystallization of (KCl)[Cu(HSeO3)2] and (NaCl)[Cu(HSeO3)2]-IIIwhich exhibits a complex structure with four ordered and one disordered Na+sites. It is possible that longer crystallization times enhance formation of ordered structures.
TFEB and TFE3 drive kidney cystogenesis and tumorigenesis
Authors: Di Malta Chiara , Zampelli Angela , Granieri Letizia , Vilardo Claudia , De Cegli Rossella , Cinque Laura , Nusco Edoardo , Pece Salvatore , Tosoni Daniela , Sanguedolce Francesca , Sorrentino Nicolina Cristina , Merino Maria J , Nielsen Deborah , Srinivasan Ramaprasad , Ball Mark W , Ricketts Christopher J , Vocke Cathy D , Lang Martin , Karim Baktiar , Lanfrancone Luisa , Schmidt Laura S , Linehan W Marston , Ballabio Andrea 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBirt‐Hogg‐Dubé (BHD) syndrome is an inherited familial cancer syndrome characterized by the development of cutaneous lesions, pulmonary cysts, renal tumors and cysts and caused by loss‐of‐function pathogenic variants in the gene encoding the tumor‐suppressor protein folliculin (FLCN). FLCN acts as a negative regulator of TFEB and TFE3 transcription factors, master controllers of lysosomal biogenesis and autophagy, by enabling their phosphorylation by the mechanistic Target Of Rapamycin Complex 1 (mTORC1). We have previously shown that deletion of Tfeb rescued the renal cystic phenotype of kidney‐specific Flcn KO mice. Using Flcn/Tfeb/Tfe3 double and triple KO mice, we now show that both Tfeb and Tfe3 contribute, in a differential and cooperative manner, to kidney cystogenesis. Remarkably, the analysis of BHD patient‐derived tumor samples revealed increased activation of TFEB/TFE3‐mediated transcriptional program and silencing either of the two genes rescued tumorigenesis in human BHD renal tumor cell line‐derived xenografts (CDXs). Our findings demonstrate in disease‐relevant models that both TFEB and TFE3 are key drivers of renal tumorigenesis and suggest novel therapeutic strategies based on the inhibition of these transcription factors.
Reliability of the Lymph Node Ratio in the Prediction of Gastric Cancer Survival
Authors: Kamalı Sedat , Ulusoy Cemal , Kamalı Gülçin Harman 
Published: March 2023

Background. Lymph node metastasis is the major determinant factor in the prognosis of gastric cancer. There is still no definite consensus on the lymph node number that should be harvested during gastric cancer surgery. Lymph Node Ratio (LNR) is defined as the ratio of metastatic nodes to the total number of pathologically examined lymph nodes. LNR has been proposed to be a sensitive prognostic factor in patients with gastric cancer. In this study the reliability of the LNR is tested for being a prognostic factor in gastric cancer survival. Methods. Medical records of 244 patients, with neither distant metastases nor neoadjuvant treatment underwent curative gastrectomy, were analyzed retrospectively in terms of survival according to the lymph node ratio (LNR). Patients were divided in two groups by using LNR cut-off value. Results. LNR of 0.4 was proved to be the best cut-off value to predict the prognosis of patients with gastric cancer. Univariate and multivariate analysis revealed that age over 65 (p < 0.001), and LNR ≥ 0.4 (p = 0.02) were independent factors in gastric cancer survival. Patients with LNR ≥ 0.4 presented with worse outcomes regarding other prognostic parameters (tumor differentiation, tumor diameter, lymphovascular invasion or perineural invasion), despite similar numbers of lymph nodes being harvested in both groups during surgery. Conclusion. Lymph node ratio is a reliable parameter to predict the survival in gastric cancer.