bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
REMOVAL OF IRON COMPOUNDS FROM MECHANICAL FILTERS HOUSEHOLD REVERSE OSMOTIC SYSTEMS WATER PURIFICATION
Authors: Karpenko Margarita , Іaroslav Radovenchyk Іaroslav , Ivanenko Olena 
Published: June 2023

Today, the most convenient and widespread option for cleaning and purifying drinking water is to install reverse osmosis systems directly at the water intake points. However, the use of reverse osmosis systems has disadvantages associated with the frequent need to replace their elements. The article discusses the competitiveness of negative impact on the environment of reverse osmosis systems and ways to regenerate filters with the possibility of their reuse. Currently, there are no companies or organizations in Ukraine that would collect and dispose of such filters. This direction is undeveloped. There are practically no corresponding data in the scientific literature. If you take into account the fact that, according to our calculations, about 88,000 domestic reverse osmosis systems are in use today in Kyiv alone, it is easy to calculate that 176,000 polypropylene cartridges with a total volume of 105 m3 of polypropylene enter the environment during the year.
The article presents method of regeneration of mechanical filters from iron compounds and other harmful impurities deposited on the surface and pores of the filter during operation. Studies of the jet sulfuric acid as a cleaner have confirmed its effectiveness and sufficient safety for further processing of cleaning products as an additive to cement. To establish the minimum residual concentration of iron in the mother liquor, a cycle of experiments was conducted and it was established that pH 4.0-4.5 can be considered optimal, at which the content of iron ions is at the level of their content in drinking water. There was made an estimation of acid. Technologies of large-scale cleaning used filters can be beneficial and cost-effective..
The results of the experimental study make it possible to develop a treatment plant with an automated system for dosing acid and measuring acidity.
TECHNOLOGICAL ENERGY CAPACITY OF COMBINED CYCLES OF STEAM GAS STATIONS
Authors: Horskyi V. 
Published: June 2023

Offers a means of increasing the efficiency of the cycle by reducing par asitic loads such as the excess air compressor load and of capturing energy that might otherwise be wasted. However, this is not always the most effective way of increasing overall efficiency of energy conver sion. For large gas turbine based plants in particular, the best way of improving efficiency is to add a steam turbine bottoming cycle, creat ing a combined cycle power plan. A combined cycle plant is simply what its name suggests. Instead of relying on a single thermodynamic cycle to convert energy into electricity the plant uses more than one. These piggy-back one another with the first cycle using the highest temperature thermodynamic working fluid, followed by a second using the intermediate temperature fluid . In fact combined cycle plants with more than two cycles are not used commercially although they are theoretically possible. Much more significant for the modern power generation industry is the addition of a bottoming cycle to a gas turbine power plant. In this case the bottoming cycle is usually a steam turbine cycle, with heat from the gas turbine exhaust exploited to raise steam. This is the most common combined cycle power plant. It would be possible to add a third cycle to exploit the low grade heat remaining after steam generation. This could be achieved with a closed cycle turbine such as an organic Rankine cycle. Such turbines can exploit low grade heat to produce electricity and are used in some geothermal plants where the temperature of the geothermal reservoir is relatively low. However, it is unlikely to be economically viable to add this third cycle to a modern combined cycle plant. To determine the technological energy intensity of such stations, the whole cycle of energy production was considered. The main characteristics of combined cycles are given and the technological energy intensity of energy supply is calculated. The main advantages and disadvantages of these installations are given, and also the comparison of steam turbine and steam and gas stations is made with definition of possible potential at replacement.
SIMULATION OF VARIABLE INDIVIDUAL GRAPHS OF THE ELECTRICAL LOAD OF THE INDUSTRIAL ELECTRIC DRIVE
Authors: Zakladnyi O. , Prokopenko V. 
Published: June 2023

In the process of developing and creating means of controlling the energy efficiency of technological processes based on electric drives, a task arises related to the modeling of individual electric load schedules of the electric drive. In the analytical study of electricity consumption, the substantiation of the mathematical model of the random process is important. This model, on the one hand, should most adequately reflect the properties of the real process of electricity consumption, and on the other hand, it should allow research of this process using known theoretical methods. A way out should be sought on the basis of compromise solutions regarding the choice of the simplest, but sufficiently accurate models, which will solve the tasks in the most rational way.

The probabilistic approach to load estimation allows the most probable description of the process of changing the electrical load over time, given the random nature of this change. The application of this approach should be based on reliable statistical data, which allows to ensure high accuracy of the obtained models. The task consists in simulating random processes of electricity consumption by the main consumer of electrical energy - the electric drive.
Transient acetaldehyde production by SO2-producing <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> promotes the survival of <i>Oenococcus oeni</i> during co-fermentation
Authors: Costello Peter J. , Kolouchova Radka , McCarthy Jane , Espinase Nandorfy Damian , Likos Desireé , Schmidt Simon A. 
Published: June 2023

Stuck or sluggish malolactic fermentation (MLF) can be problematic in stressful wine conditions, particularly white and sparkling base musts/wines. In these cases, knowledge of yeast-bacteria strain compatibility and the amount of sulfur dioxide (SO2) a yeast strain produces are important considerations for successful MLF. Here, laboratory- and pilot-scale co-fermentations in Chardonnay were used to investigate the effect of yeast-derived SO2 on Oenococcus oeni survival. Although yeast-derived SO2 is generally inhibitory, we show that SO2 production (to approximately 65 mg/L) can be uncoupled from O. oeni survival in the early stages of co-fermentation. Bacterial survival in the presence of specific SO2-producing yeast strains was correlated with the early, transient formation of high acetaldehyde concentrations. Oenococcus oeni survival coincided with molecular SO2 concentrations remaining below an extremely low threshold of inhibition, which exponentially increased from approximately 3–6 µg/L in the first three days of co-fermentation. Strain-dependent sensitivity of O. oeni to bound SO2 remains a possibility, although the extent and mechanism of such inhibition by the SO2 adduct during co-fermentation remain unclear. The choice of co-inoculation yeast strain also influenced wine diacetyl concentration, which was only detected in wines co-inoculated with high SO2-producing S. cerevisiae strains. The wines with high diacetyl concentrations were found to be distinct by a sensory panel, with comparatively high citation frequency for a buttery sensory attribute. Both the SO2- and acetaldehyde production capacity of yeasts are, therefore, seen as meaningful co-inoculation selection criteria. The range of yeast strains suitable for MLF induction by co-inoculation could be widened to include SO2-producing strains that transiently produce an early, high concentration of acetaldehyde. The effects of low, equilibrium concentrations of molecular SO2 should also be considered in conjunction with total SO2 as a measure of SO2 toxicity towards O. oeni following co-inoculation.
دور فقه الأقليات المسلمة في تطوّر الإسلام في نيجيريا
Authors: Usman Jaja Bashiru Usman Jaja , Dzulkifli Hadi Imawan  
Published: June 2023

بسمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ، ٱلحَمدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ ٱلعَٰلَمِينَ ٱلرَّحمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ، هذا البحث موجز عن دور فقه الأقليات المسلمة في تقدم الإسلام في نيجيريا. ففقه الأقليات مما تمسّ فيه الحاجة في العالم الإسلامي اليوم. وهذا العلم ليس جديدا بالنسبة للنشئة وإن كان جديدا بالنسبة إلى كونه علما مستقلاّ. ولم يختلف هذا العلم عن المصادر الأساسية للشريعة الإسلامية، وهو كغيره لكنه يميل إلى جانب التيسير وقد جعل الله اليسر ورفع عنه الحرج في الإسلام. وكذلك فيه أسلوب الدعوة الإسلامية من التدرج. فنيجيريا دولة كان استقلالها من إنكلترا، وهي متحدة رغم أن فيها أديان وقبائل مختلفة، و في مدنها توجد ما هي أصلها مسلمة وما هي نصرانية وكذلك توجد مختلطة الأديان؛ فلذلك تجد مدينة من مدائنها إذا ذُكرت قد يقال أنها مدينة لقوم متدينين بدين كذا أو لقبيلة كذا؛ وهي دولة آخذة بنظام الدمقراطية، وقد أجاز لهم القانون الدستوري أن ينضموا فيه نظاما يرضونه، حتى وجد بعض المدائن قد طبقوا الشريعة الإسلامية في عصر رئاسة حاكم من حكماء هذه الدولة رغم أنه ليس مسلما. وإن دلّ ذلك على شيء فإنما يدلّ على دور فقه الأقليات فيها. ثم إن هذا البحث نظر معنى "الأقليات المسلمة" من جانب غير جانب المعهود به في معناه، وهو أن مجتمعا إسلاميا قد يكون أقلية وإن كان المسلمون هم الأغلب فيه لسبب من الأسباب.
الكلمات الرئيسية: الأقليات، فقه، نيجيريا والإسلام، الأمة الإسلامية
Evaluation of Deformable Image Registration Algorithms in Computed Tomography of Head and Neck Cancer: Preliminary Study
Authors: Lee Kang Houn , Kang Young Nam 
Published: June 2023

.Purpose: This paper presents a comparative analysis of state-of-the-art DIR algorithms in the context of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) radiation therapy.
Materials and Methods: We used a dataset of head and neck cancer patients within the Cancer Image Archive, which includes 31 patients with 3D CT image data from pre-treatment, mid-treatment, and post-treatment stages of radiotherapy. We applied DIR algorithms to two datasets, one for pre-treatment to mid-treatment registration and another for mid-treatment to post-treatment registration, by aligning one CT image to another CT image. To quantitatively analyze the patient data, we focused on the spinal cord, optic nerve, brain stem, cochlea, and PTV as the OAR datasets. To verify the DIR algorithm, we used two non-learning-based methods, SyN and NiftyReg, as well as three deep learning-based methods, Voxelmorph, Cyclemorph, and Transmorph. We trained a deep learning model by adjusting the ratio of the training dataset, validation dataset, and test dataset to 7:1:2.
Results: The average DSCs of SyN and NiftyReg, the non-learning-based methods, were 0.74±0.06 and 0.70±0.12, respectively. The deep learning-based methods, Voxelmorph, Cyclemorph, and Transmorph, had average DSCs of 0.72±0.08, 0.68±0.11, and 0.69±0.13, respectively. The deep learning DIR algorithm produced transformed outputs of OAR/PTV in a shorter time than other models, including commercial and conventional mathematical algorithms (At Inference(sec/images), Voxelmorph: 0.36, Cyclemorph: 0.3, Transmorph: 5.1, SyN: 140, NiftyReg: 40.2).
Conclusions: In conclusion, our study provides a comprehensive comparison of commercial DIR algorithms with traditional and deep learning-based DIR methods. Our results demonstrate that commercial DIR algorithms outperform traditional DIR methods in terms of accuracy and efficiency. However, we also show that deep learning-based DIR methods have the potential to achieve similar performance to commercial algorithms with proper training and optimization. Our findings suggest that both commercial and deep learning-based DIR methods have their respective advantages and limitations, and the choice of method should depend on the specific requirements of the clinical application. Overall, our study contributes to ongoing efforts to improve the accuracy and efficiency of DIR methods for better patient outcomes.
PHYTOCHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS AND ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES OF ACETONE EXTRACT OF CLEOME GYNANDRA (L.) GROWING IN THE EASTERN CAPE, SOUTH AFRICA.
Authors: Sowunmi Linda Ifeanyichukwu , Afolayan Anthony Jide 
Published: June 2023

Background: Several wild vegetables have been reported for their therapeutic benefits in South Africa. Many of these plants including Cleome gynandra (L.) lack scientific reports on its significance in folkloric medicine. Therefore, this study was undertaken to evaluate quantitatively the compositions of phytochemicals and antioxidant properties of acetone extract of different parts of C. gynandra.
Materials and Method: Antioxidant activities were assessed against ferric reducing power, ABTS (2, 2’- azino-bis-3-ethyl benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt, DPPH (1, 1- diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) and NO (nitric oxide) radical scavenging activities. Total phenolics, flavonoids, flavanols, proanthocyanidins, tannins, saponins and alkaloids were also investigated.
Results: Amongst the different plant parts, the leaf extract had the highest concentration of total phenolics (126.79 ± 0.55 mg/g), flavonoids (40.58 ± 0.06 mg/g) and flavanols (42.41 ± 0.05 mg/g) while the stem extract had the highest amount of proanthocyanidins (419.01 ± 0.67 mg/g) compared to the leaves (403.29 ± 0.89 mg/g) and fruits (107.18 ± 0.59 mg/g). The reducing power of the extracts was significantly higher than that of the standard drugs used in a concentration dependent manner. The activities of the plant extracts against ABTS, DPPH and NO radicals were dose responsive with IC50 value of 0.2, 0.1 and 0.03 mg/g respectively.
Conclusion: C. gynandra possesses high secondary metabolites which accounts for its strong antioxidant ability thus justifying its use as natural occurring antioxidants in folkloric medicine. The study encourages a regular consumption of this wild vegetable in order to avert oxidative stress related diseases.
ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE INHIBITION AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF SOME MEDICINAL PLANTS FOR TREATING NEURO DEGENARATIVE DISEASE
Authors: Shahat Abdelaaty Abdelaziz , Ibrahim Abeer Y. , Ezzeldin Essam , Alsaid Mansour S. 
Published: June 2023

Background: Numerous plants in traditional practices of medicine have been used to treat cognitive disorders, including neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and other memory related disorders.
Materials and Methods: We present here the evaluation of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory and antioxidant activities of the aqueous methanol extracts of five traditional medicinal plants. Citrullus colocynthis, Emex spinosa, Rhazya stricta, Scrophularia hypericifolia and Caylusea hexagyna extracts were tested for their acetylcholinesterase inhibitory effect ant their antioxidant effect at different concentrations.
Results: Citrullus colocynthis and Emex spinosa inhibited acetylthiocholinesterase at 400 µg/ ml by 83.54 and 81.92%. Emex spinosa and Scrophularia hypericifolia produced the maximum effect as DPPH radical scavenger (IC50= 10.89 and 11.88µg/ ml, respectively).
Scrophularia hypericifolia showed the highest effect as superoxide radical scavenger (IC50= 20.83 µg/ ml)also it produced the highest ability to scavenge hydrogenperoxide radicals (IC50= 8.66 µg/ ml) while Emex spinosa and Caylusea hexagyna showed least IC50 for ferrous ion chelation (IC50≈15 µg/ ml) with powerful reduction capability.
Conclusion:The determined antioxidant properties magnified the total antioxidant effect determined by ABTS assay that completely inhibited lipidperoxidation at 200 µg/ ml.
SCREENING FOR ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTIPROTOZOAL ACTIVITIES OF CRUDE EXTRACTS DERIVED FROM MEXICAN MEDICINAL PLANTS
Authors: Camacho-Corona Maria del Rayo , GarcÃ­a Abraham , Mata-CÃ¡rdenas Benito D. , Garza-GonzÃ¡lez Elvira , Ibarra-Alvarado Cesar , Rojas-Molina Alejandra , Rojas-Molina Isela , Bah Moustapha , Zavala-SÃ¡nchez Miguel Angel , PÃ©rez-GutiÃ©rrez Salud 
Published: June 2023

Background: Crataegus mexicana, Hyptis albida, Larrea tridentata, Ocimum baislicum, Prunus serotina, and Smilax spp. are used in Mexican traditional medicine to treat respiratory and gastrointestinal diseases such as flu, cough, diarrhea, dysentery, and other parasitic or microbial infections. Therefore this study was aimed at the pharmacological prospection of these plants against eleven bacterial species and three amitochondrial protist pathogens.
Material and methods: The fruits or aerial parts of C. mexicana, H. albida, L. tridentata, O. baislicum, P. serotina, and Smilax spp. were extracted with different solvents. The antibacterial properties of organic and aqueous extracts of these plants were determined by the microdilution method and the microplate alamar blue assay against Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter cloacae, Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant S. aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, Enterococcus faecalis, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis, whereas anti-protozoal activities of extracts were evaluated by a vial micro-assay against strains of Entamoeba histolytica, Trichomonas vaginalis, and Giardia lamblia.
Results: H. albida, Smilax spp, and C. mexicana showed good activity against the Gram-positive strains, S. aureus, methicillin-resistant S. aureus, and E. faecalis. Four extracts (C. mexicana, H. albida, O. basilicum, and L. tridentata) showed good activity against E. histolytica, T. vaginalis, and G. lamblia.
Conclusion: The extracts of these six medicinal plants could be a source for new antibacterial and antiprotozoal drugs. For this reason they are currently under investigation to isolate and characterize their active compounds.
IN VİTRO ANTİTUMOR EFFECTS OF A NEW CULTİVAR (GÜRARSLAN) OF TRİGONELLA FOENUM GRAECUM L.
Authors: Gumushan Aktas Hatice , Altun Seyhan 
Published: June 2023

Background: The main goals of our study were as follows: (1) to investigate whether the methanolic extract of the new cultivar (Gürarslan) of Trigonella foenum graecum L. seeds exhibit antiproliferative effects on the HeLa human cervix carcinoma, Mat-LyLu rat prostate carcinoma and 3T3 embryonic mouse fibroblast cell lines, (2) to determine how mitosis and DNA synthesis are affected in cancer cells by the extract, and (3) to observe the changes in cell morphology after treatment with the extract.
Materials and Methods: The effect on cell proliferation of these extracts was detected by using methyl thiazolyl diphenyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay. Mitotic index and labelling index was determined using the Feulgen staining and autoradiography methods, respectively.
Results: Our findings show that the methanolic extract of T. foenum graecum seeds might have antiproliferative properties on the cancer cell lines only, but not on the 3T3 embryonic mouse fibroblast cell line.
Conclusion: Our data show that the new variety of T. foenum graecum may have antitumoral properties.
ANTIMYCOBACTERIAL, ANTIOXIDANT AND CYTOTOXIC ACTIVITIES OF ESSENTIAL OIL OF GALL OF PISTACIA ATLANTICA DESF. FROM ALGERIA
Authors: Ibrahim Sifi , Dzoyem J P , Mohamed Ouinten , Mohamed Yousfi , Lyndy McGaw J. , Jacobus Eloff N. 
Published: June 2023

Background: The aim of this study was to assess the antimycobacterial, antioxidant and the cytotoxic activities of the essential oil from the gall part of Pistacia atlantica Desf from Algeria.
Materials and Methods: The antimycobacterial activity was evaluated by the broth microdilution method against three species of mycobacteria: Mycobacterium smegmatis, Mycobacterium aurum and Mycobacterium fortuitum. Antioxidant activity was determined using free-radical scavenging assays. The safety of essential oil was assessed by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay on C3A and Vero monkey kidney cells.
Results: The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranged from 0.16 to 2.5 mg/mL with minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) values ranged from 0.62 to >2.5 mg/mL. The antioxidant activity showed IC50 values ranged between 417.61 - >2000µg/mL and 495.6 - >2000µg/mL for DPPH and ABTS assay respectively. The cytotoxicity assay showed LC50 ranged between 26.47 to 93.64 µg/mL against Vero cells and 74.29 to 225.40 µg/mL against C3A. The results of this study show that the essential oils from the gall of P. atlantica have low toxicity and moderate activity against fast growing M. smegmatis and M. aurum.
Conclusion: These results substantiate their potential as used in the treatment of non-tuberculous mycobacterial infections. This finding is predictive of their activity against M. tuberculosis, therefore, further study might be considered to investigate the activity against pathogenic Mycobacterium strains.
PAROXYSMAL SUPRAVENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA MANAGED WITH ACUPRESSURE OF NEI-GUAN (PC6): THE REPORT OF A CASE IN THE EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT
Authors: Chou Pei-Chi , Chu Heng-Yi 
Published: June 2023

Background: We described a 75-year-old man with a history of recurrent attacks of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT). The patient presented to the emergency department (ED) with complaints of palpitations and chest tightness. Vagal stimulation maneuvers failed to convert the rhythm
Materials and Methods: Acupressure was applied on Nei-Guan (PC6).
Results: Acupressure applied on PC6 immediately converted the tachycardia to a normal sinus rhythm, thus successfully terminated an episode of PSVT complicated with hypotension and chest pain in the patient reported
Conclusion: Acupressure of PC6 is easy to perform and safe, and can be done when other resuscitative measures are ongoing the same time. It is harmless and appropriate for certain groups of patients such as the elderly, children and pregnant women and worth trying before the administration of medication.
DETERMİNATİON OF VOLATİLE COMPOUNDS OF THE FIRST ROSE OİL AND THE FİRST ROSE WATER BY HS-SPME/GC/MS TECHNİQUES
Authors: Koksal Nezihe , Saribas Rafet , Kafkas Ebru , Aslancan Hasan , Sadighazadi Said 
Published: June 2023

Background: Rose water and rose oil are used in the perfume, cosmetic, pharmaceutical and food industries. The determination of volatile
compounds in rose oil and rose water obtained from oil-bearing rose is highly important in terms of availability in the industry and in human
health.
Materials and Methods: Thus, in this study, volatile compounds in the first rose oil and first rose water have been determined by HS-
SPME/GC/MS (Headspace-Solid Phase Micro Extraction/Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry) techniques which were not published
previously for determining volatile compounds in rose oil and rose water. Twenty four and twenty six volatile compounds were determined in
the first rose oil and in the first rose water, respectively.
Results: It was further discovered that both first rose oil and first rose water are rich in oxygenated monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes, with a
third group of volatile compounds known as aliphatic hydrocarbons being found only in first rose oil. Citronellol contents of the first rose oil and
rose water were found to be 43.40% and 40.13% respectively, whereas geraniol contents were 11.81% and 15.97%, respectively.
Conclusion: These findings suggest that HS-SPME/GC/MS is a suitable technique for the determination of volatile compounds of rose oil and
rose water.
PREVENTING EFFECT ON DIET-INDUCED OBESITY OFWATER-EXTRACT FROM MASSON PINE POLLEN ON MICE
Authors: Geng Yue , Zhang Han , Song Hang , Zhang Lian , Xu Jimin , Liu Ming , Chen Shanjhan , Han Lirong 
Published: June 2023

Background: In order to investigate the preventing effect of water-extract from masson pine pollen (PWE) on obesity in mice.
Materials and Methods: Sixty male KM mice (bodyweight was 19±1g) were divided randomly into six groups: normal control group (NC),
high fat group (FC), positive control group (Orlistat, 0.05g/kg bw·d, PC), low-dose PWE group (0.0625g/kg bw·d, PWEL), medium-dose group
(0.125g/kg bw·d, PWEM) and high-dose group (0.25g/kg bw·d, PWEH). Mice were treated by intragastric administration daily for 6 weeks.
Results: The body weight changes of three PWE groups decreased obviously. In serum, TC of PWEH group reduced remarkably (P