bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endovascular Treatment of Anterior Communicating Artery Aneurysms: A Single-Center Experience from a Developing Country
Authors: Saghebdoust Sajjad , Barani Amir Reza , Mehrizi Mohammad Ali Abouei , Ekrami Mehran , Lajimi Amir Valinezhad , Termechi Gholamreza 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective In recent years, endovascular methods have been developed to treat intracranial aneurysms. To date, results of endovascular treatment (EVT) for anterior communicating aneurysms (ACoAs) have never been investigated in Iran. Thus, we sought to assess the mid-term angiographic and clinical outcomes of patients with ACoAs who underwent EVT in a tertiary center.
Materials and Methods Electronic health documents of patients with ACoAs who underwent EVT from March 2019 to July 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients, procedural and clinical complications along with immediate and 12 months' postprocedural angiographic and clinical results were included in the analysis. Aneurysm occlusion status was classified based on the Raymond–Roy Occlusion Classification (RROC), and clinical outcomes were assessed using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS).
Results Of 38 patients with 38 ACoAs, 32 patients (84.21%) presented with subarachnoid hemorrhage of whom 23 (60.52%) had ruptured ACoAs. EVT included simple coiling in 29 patients (76.32%), balloon-assisted coiling in 6 (15.79%), and stent-assisted coiling in 3 (7.89%). Immediate and 12-month postprocedural angiograms demonstrated complete/near-complete occlusion (RROC I and II) in 32 (84.21%) and 35 patients (97.22%), respectively. Periprocedural complications occurred in five patients (13.15%), and the mortality rate was 5.26%. Thirty-two patients (84.21%) had favorable outcomes (mRS 0–2) at the last follow-up.
Conclusion EVT is a safe and beneficial procedure with favorable mid-term clinical and angiographic outcomes for ACoAs. Our results can lay the foundation for further studies in developing countries and are satisfactory enough for neurointerventionists to put EVT on the therapeutic agenda of ACoAs.
TP53 Mutations R175H and R249S Are Rare in Indian Head and Neck Cancer Patients
Authors: Ghosh Arjita , Moorthy Anbalagan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Introduction Mutations in tumor suppressor gene TP53 are considered as one of the main causes for different types of cancer. Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is one of the common cancers found in India. Among the several mutations reported in the TP53 gene, R175H and R249S are linked to cause of several cancers. This work was carried out to study the prevalence of R175H and R249S mutations in HNSCC patients of Indian origin.
Method Tumor samples were collected from 50 HNSCC patients and good quality genomic deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) were obtained from 41 samples. Using this genomic DNA, polymerase chain reaction-linked restriction fragment length polymorphism technique was used to screen both the mutations in the TP53 gene of the patients.
Result The results revealed that out of the 41 samples analyzed, all the samples were negative for the mutations both in homozygous and heterozygous condition. This experiment was repeated three times, and the representative image is shown.
Conclusion This study suggests that mutations in codon 175 (R175H) and 249 (R249S) are rare in HNSCC patients of Indian origin.
Analysis of the high-frequency characteristics of a sine waveguide
Authors: Lei Xia , Xing Xiaoqing , Tu Xiaoguang , Wang Xuelan , Zhong Mian , Zhang Huazhong , Wei Yanyu 
Published: September 2023

Based on the double-periodic characteristics of a sine waveguide, the dispersion equation, interaction impedance, and transmission losses of slow-wave structures are derived. The dispersion equation indicates that the waves propagating in the sine waveguide should belong to two mode types, which can exist independently rather than as “pseudo-modes.” The dispersion equation, interaction impedance, and transmission losses are obtained using a theoretical model. A 220 GHz traveling wave tube (TWT) is used as an illustrative example to verify the validity of the analytical model. The calculated results show that the dispersion curve is in good agreement with that given by the Ansys high-frequency simulation software over the entire frequency range and that the theoretical numerical calculation time is less than 2% of that of the Ansys software package. In addition, the results demonstrate that the interaction impedance of the symmetric φ0 + π mode is much higher than that of the asymmetric φ0 mode. Therefore, the symmetric φ0 + π mode should be used for propagation in sine waveguide traveling-wave tubes. Moreover, when the conductivity is set at 1.6 × 107 S/m, the loss of the sine waveguide is ∼1.15 dB/cm for 220 GHz. The equivalent conductivity of the metal can be used appropriately in the design of the mm-wave and the THz TWT.
A meaningless buzzword or a meaningful label? How do Spanish politicians usepopulismoandpopulistaon Twitter?
Authors: Shchinova Nadezda 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWhile there is substantial research on populism and populist discourse, research on discourses about populism is still developing. Scholars highlight the need to understand whypopulismis so widely used and what the rapid spread of this socio-political keyword tells us about political and media discourse. The main objective of this paper is therefore to understand discourses on populism. To this aim, we examine for what purpose the termspopulismandpopulist – henceforthpopulis* – are used and what they allow to do in discourse. Based on the analysis of a corpus of tweets produced by political figures in Spain, we show that, contrary to previous analyses,populis*does not have the sole function of being a randomly used buzzword or of proposing an anti-populist discourse. Indeed, our analysis shows that political actors resort to different patterns of use ofpopulis*depending on their political and communicative strategy.
Phase structure of quantum improved Schwarzschild-(Anti)de Sitter black holes
Authors: Chen Chiang-Mei , Chen Yi , Ishibashi Akihiro , Ohta Nobuyoshi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe study the phase structure of quantum improved Schwarzschild–(A)dS black holes in asymptotically safe gravity. Our results confirm some of the well-known properties of quantum black holes. For example, the quantum effect provides a repulsive force in the core region near singularity which stabilizes the thermodynamically unstable small black holes, and also creates a zero temperature state with finite size. We suggest that this could be a candidate for dark matter. We find a new second order phase transition between small and large black holes for quantum improved Schwarzschild-Anti de Sitter black holes. We also discuss the black holes with different spatial topologies and find a notable duality.
Pulse parameter optimizer: an efficient tool for achieving prescribed dose and dose rate with electron FLASH platforms
Authors: Jain S , Cetnar A , Woollard J , Gupta N , Blakaj D , Chakravarti A , Ayan A S 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Purpose. Commercial electron FLASH platforms deliver ultra-high dose rate doses at discrete combinations of pulse parameters including pulse width (PW), pulse repetition frequency (PRF) and number of pulses (N), which dictate unique combinations of dose and dose rates. Additionally, collimation, source to surface distance, and airgaps also vary the dose per pulse (DPP). Currently, obtaining pulse parameters for the desired dose and dose rate is a cumbersome manual process involving creating, updating, and looking up values in large spreadsheets for every treatment configuration. This work presents a pulse parameter optimizer application to match intended dose and dose rate precisely and efficiently. Methods. Dose and dose rate calculation methods have been described for a commercial electron FLASH platform. A constrained optimization for the dose and dose rate cost function was modelled as a mixed integer problem in MATLAB (The MathWorks Inc., Version9.13.0 R2022b, Natick, Massachusetts). The beam and machine data required for the application were acquired using GafChromic film and alternating current current transformers (ACCTs). Variables for optimization included DPP for every collimator, PW and PRF measured using ACCT and airgap factors. Results. Using PW, PRF, N and airgap factors as parameters, a software was created to optimize dose and dose rate, reaching the closest match if exact dose and dose rates are not achievable. Optimization took 20 s or less to converge to results. This software was validated for accuracy of dose calculation and precision in matching prescribed dose and dose rate. Conclusion. A pulse parameter optimization application was built for a commercial electron FLASH platform to increase efficiency in dose, dose rate, and pulse parameter prescription process. Automating this process reduces safety concerns associated with manual look up and calculation of these parameters, especially when many subjects at different doses and dose rates are to be safely managed.
Dose distribution estimation toward CT-less adaptive carbon ion radiotherapy for liver tumors using the divided-volume matching technique
Authors: Chen Jing-Ni , Ohno Tatsuya , Tashiro Mutsumi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Objective. Dose distribution estimation during the treatment course is essential for carbon ion radiotherapy because beam ranges are highly sensitive to density changes along beam paths, triggering the adaptive re-planning at an appropriate time. This study aims to investigate the feasibility of evaluating daily dose distributions using the divided-volume matching (DVM) technique without additional daily computed tomography (CT) scans for adaptive carbon ion radiotherapy for liver tumors. Approach. Phantom and patient data were included in this study. The developed in-house DVM software generated DVM CTs based on the existing resources, the planning CT, and orthogonal two-dimensional (2D) setup images. Bone matching (BM) and tumor matching (TM) are the two common ways of patient positioning correction to determine the isocenter for the irradiation of the day. We compared the dose distributions between DVM and in-room CTs with different isocenters based on BM or TM to verify whether the DVM CTs sufficiently represent the in-room CTs for daily dose distribution evaluations. Main results. For the phantom study, the clinical target volume coverage (V95%) differences between the in-room and the DVM CTs were <2%, and their dose distribution patterns were similar. For clinical data, the 3%/3 mm gamma passing rates were over 96%, and the planning target volume coverage (V95%) differences were <3% between the in-room and DVM CTs in nine out of ten patients. With different isocenters, the dose coverage of the DVM CT changed consistently with those of the in-room CT. Significance. The DVM technique enabled the evaluation of daily dose distributions without additional CT scans and was shown to be feasible in carbon ion radiotherapy for liver tumors.
Pulse wave analysis as a tool for the evaluation of resuscitation therapy in septic shock
Authors: Campitelli Riccardo , Ferrario Manuela , Su Fuhong , Creteur Jacques , Herpain Antoine , Carrara Marta 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Objective. Pulse wave analysis (PWA) can provide insights into cardiovascular biomechanical properties. The use of PWA in critically ill patients, such as septic shock patients, is still limited, but it can provide complementary information on the cardiovascular effects of treatment when compared to standard indices outlined in international guidelines. Previous works have highlighted how sepsis induces severe cardiovascular derangement with altered arterial blood pressure waveform morphology and how resuscitation according to standard haemodynamic targets is not able to restore the physiological functioning of the cardiovascular system. The aim of this work is to test the effectiveness of PWA in characterizing arterial waveforms obtained from a swine experiment involving polymicrobial septic shock and resuscitation with different drugs. Methods. During the experiment, morphological aortic waveform features, such as indices related to the dicrotic notch and inflection point, were extracted by means of PWA techniques. Finally, all the PWA indices were used to compute a clustering classification (mini batch K-means) of the pigs according to the different phases of the experiment. This analysis aimed to test if PWA features alone could be used to distinguish between the different responses to the administered therapies. Results. The PWA indices highlighted different cardiovascular conditions of the pigs in response to different treatments, despite the mean haemodynamic values typically used to guide therapy administration being similar in all animals. The clustering algorithm was able to distinguish between the different phases of the experiment and the different responses of the animals based on the unique information derived from the aortic PWA. Conclusion. Even when used alone, PWA indices were highly informative when assessing therapy responses in cases of septic shock. Significance. A complex pathological condition like septic shock requires extensive monitoring without neglecting important information from commonly measured signals such as arterial blood pressure. Future studies are needed to understand how individual differences in the response to therapy are associated with different cardiovascular conditions that may become specific therapy targets.
Transversal diagonal logical operators for stabiliser codes
Authors: Webster Mark A , Quintavalle Armanda O , Bartlett Stephen D 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Storing quantum information in a quantum error correction code can protect it from errors, but the ability to transform the stored quantum information in a fault tolerant way is equally important. Logical Pauli group operators can be implemented on Calderbank-Shor-Steane (CSS) codes, a commonly-studied category of codes, by applying a series of physical Pauli X and Z gates. Logical operators of this form are fault-tolerant because each qubit is acted upon by at most one gate, limiting the spread of errors, and are referred to as transversal logical operators. Identifying transversal logical operators outside the Pauli group is less well understood. Pauli operators are the first level of the Clifford hierarchy which is deeply connected to fault-tolerance and universality. In this work, we study transversal logical operators composed of single- and multi-qubit diagonal Clifford hierarchy gates. We demonstrate algorithms for identifying all transversal diagonal logical operators on a CSS code that are more general or have lower computational complexity than previous methods. We also show a method for constructing CSS codes that have a desired diagonal logical Clifford hierarchy operator implemented using single qubit phase gates. Our methods rely on representing operators composed of diagonal Clifford hierarchy gates as diagonal XP operators and this technique may have broader applications.
Bäcklund transformation for a family of coupled KdV equations
Authors: Cao Xifang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In this paper we give two forms of Bäcklund transformation for a family of coupled KdV equations reported by Nutku and

O

g

˜

uz

. As applications, we construct multi-soliton solutions. We also analyse the effect of the different values of the parameter in the family to the soliton solutions.
Coordinated inference, holographic neural networks, and quantum error correction
Authors: Patrascu Andrei T 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Coordinated inference problems are being introduced as a basis for a neural network representation of the locality problem in the holographic bulk. It is argued that a type of problem originating in the ‘prisoners and hats’ dilemma involves non-local signaling that is also found in the AdS/CFT duality. Neural networks are shown to have a significant role in the connection between the bulk and the boundary, being capable of inferring sufficient information capable of explaining the pre-arrangement of observables in the bulk that would lead to non-local precursor operators in the boundary.
Stimulated Raman scattering by circularly polarized quadruple Gaussian laser beam and co-propagating electron beam in plasma
Authors: Kamboj Oriza , Teotia Anshul Kumar , Kant Niti 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This study investigates the interplay between a co-propagating relativistic electron beam and a quadruple Gaussian laser beam in plasma, focusing on the suppression of stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) growth. The presence of the laser beam induces the excitation of a pair of plasma waves and side-scattered electromagnetic waves. As the side-scattered wave and pump wave couple together, they exert a ponderomotive force on the electron beam and plasma electrons, resulting in an enhancement of the plasma wave amplitude. Nonlinear coupling between the density perturbation in the plasma, induced by the plasma wave, and the pump wave leads to the excitation of a nonlinear current responsible for the growth of the side-scattered electromagnetic wave associated with SRS. Furthermore, the growth rate of SRS is shown to be highly sensitive to the phase matching between the relativistic electron beam and the plasma wave. In cases of phase mismatch, the growth rate experiences a significant reduction. Additionally, the effectiveness of the electron beam in driving the stimulated Raman process is greatly affected by the energy spread of the electron beam. A substantial reduction in effectiveness is observed due to this energy spread.
Valuation of theoretical and experimental thresholds fluences of pure metals using laser induced plasma spectroscopy (LIPS)
Authors: Ahmed Nasar , Hedwig Rinda , Pardede Marincan , Kurniawan Koo Hendrik , Jabbar Abdul , Baig Muhammad Aslam 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The present studies demonstrate the valuation of threshold fluence of pure metals using the laser-induced plasma spectroscopy technique. The optical emission spectra of the s, p, and d-block elements including Li, Mg, Sr, Ba, Al, Sn, Pb, Cu, Zn, Au, Cd, and Ag were recorded using a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser operating at 532 nm and an Echelle spectrograph (Andor Mechelle M500) equipped with a gated ICCD system. The laser fluence was varied from 0.5 to 15 J cm−2 using a fixed spot size of approximately 1.0 ± 0.1 mm. The threshold fluence was measured using the isolated and well-separated emission lines of all the elements. The experimental threshold fluence values for Li, Ca, Mg, Sr, Ba, Al, Sn, Pb, Cu, Zn, Au, Cd, and Ag were determined as 0.8 J cm−2, 1.4 J cm−2, 1.18 J cm−2, 0.7 J cm−2, 0.4 J cm−2, 2.5 J cm−2, 1.0 J cm−2, 0.7 J cm−2, 3.15 J cm−2, 3.9 J cm−2, 0.8 J cm−2, 3.4 J cm−2, and 0.8 J cm−2 respectively. Theoretical values of the threshold fluences were also determined, showing good agreement with the experimentally measured values.
X-ray spectrometry with germanium detector at a dosimetry calibration laboratory
Authors: Mihailescu L.C. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Implementation of the recommendations of the new version of
the ISO 4037 standard at X-ray installations of dosimetry
calibration laboratories proved to be difficult and the
uncertainties on the conversion coefficients due to differences
between the fluence spectra from different installations are not yet
sufficiently established. The X-ray installation of SCK CEN/LNK was
characterized to verify the conformity with the most recent version
of the ISO 4037 standard. The Half-Value Layer (HVL) values were
measured to prove that conditions for matched beam qualities are
fulfilled and then photon spectrometry with a High Purity Germanium
(HPGe) detector was performed to measure the fluence spectra. Using
the fluence spectra, the conversion coefficients from air kerma
Ka
to operational quantities were calculated and compared with
the recommended values from the ISO 4037 standard. Most of these
coefficients agree within 2% while the ISO 4037 recommended values
have an uncertainty of 4% (k = 2). Possible sources of uncertainty
in the photon spectrometry were evaluated and are discussed.
Feasibility of SiPM and CsI(Tl) based radiation detector with light guide for measurement of radioactivation in a linear accelerator
Authors: Kim Jeongho , Park Byungdo 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In this work, a prototype radiation detector was developed
using SiPM, a large-sized CsI(Tl) scintillator, and various lengths
of light guides, and its performance was evaluated. The conducted
studies show that the tested prototype exhibited an enhanced energy
resolution improved energy resolution when a 20 mm light guide was
used, with respect to the case in which no light guide was
employed. Additionally, the radiation detector demonstrated higher
detection efficiency compared to other radiation detectors
fabricated in this work. The radiation detector prototype under test
and equipped with a 20 mm light guide, was used to perform a series
of LINAC radioactivation measurements. These measurements resulted
in the successful determination of the gamma energy peaks
corresponding to W-187 and Mn-56, alongside the accurate measurement
of the annihilation peak. These results suggest that the radiation
detector employing a light guide for LINAC radioactivation
measurements could be a viable alternative to conventional HPGe
detectors or scintillation detectors without light guides.
Development and characterisation of suitably bioengineered microfibrillar matrix-based 3D prostate cancer model for in vitro drug testing
Authors: Thilakan Akhil T , Nandakumar Niji , Balakrishnan Arvind R , Pooleri Ginil K , Nair Shantikumar V , Sathy Binulal N 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Bioengineered 3D models that can mimic patient-specific pathologies in vitro are valuable tools for developing and validating anticancer therapeutics. In this study, microfibrillar matrices with unique structural and functional properties were fabricated as 3D spherical and disc-shaped scaffolds with highly interconnected pores and the potential of the newly developed scaffolds for developing prostate cancer model has been investigated. The newly developed scaffolds showed improved cell retention upon seeding with cancer cells compared to conventional electrospun scaffolds. They facilitated rapid growth and deposition of cancer-specific extracellular matrix through-the-thickness of the scaffold. Compared to the prostate cancer cells grown in 2D culture, the newly developed prostate cancer model showed increased resistance to the chemodrug Docetaxel regardless of the drug concentration or the treatment frequency. A significant reduction in the cell number was observed within one week after the drug treatment in the 2D culture for both PC3 and patient-derived cells. Interestingly, almost 20%–30% of the cancer cells in the newly developed 3D model survived the drug treatment, and the patient-derived cells were more resistant than the tested cell line PC3. The results from this study indicate the potential of the newly developed prostate cancer model for in vitro drug testing.