bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between Clinical/Radiographic Characteristics and Histopathological Diagnoses of Periapical Granuloma and Cyst
Authors: Banomyong Danuchit , Arayasantiparb Raweewan , Sirakulwat Kanoknuch , Kasemsuwan Jane , Chirarom Nannaphat , Laopan Nithiporn , Lapthanasupkul Puangwan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to determine the association between clinical/radiographic characteristics and histopathological diagnoses of periapical granuloma and cyst obtained from the teeth treated with endodontic microsurgery.
Materials and Methods The clinical, radiographic (periapical and cone-beam computed tomography), and histopathological data were collected from patients' dental records of endodontic microsurgery on the teeth with periapical lesions. These lesions were histopathologically diagnosed as either granuloma or cyst, at the Endodontic Clinic, Faculty of Dentistry, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand, from 2016 to 2021 according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data were analyzed using bivariate analysis and a multinomial logistic regression at a significance level of p-value less than 0.05.
Results A total of 83 patients (58 females and 25 males) with an average age of 45 to 49.5 years old met the criteria including 68 periapical granulomas (81.9%) and 15 periapical cysts (18.1%). A periapical lesion involving multiple teeth in a periapical radiograph was significantly associated with the histopathological diagnosis of periapical cyst (p < 0.05). Such periapical lesion was six times more likely to be periapical cyst than periapical granuloma.
Conclusions A significant factor for predicting periapical cyst from periapical granuloma was the presence of a periapical lesion with multiple-teeth involvement in a dental radiograph.
Antimicrobial and Anti-Inflammatory Oral Effects of Fermented Lingonberry Juice—A One-Year Prospective Human Intervention Study
Authors: Pärnänen Pirjo , Lomu Sari , Räisänen Ismo T. , Tervahartiala Taina , Sorsa Timo 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Objectives A 1-year prospective human intervention study was performed to examine the anticaries, anti-inflammatory, antiproteolytic, and antimicrobial effects of fermented lingonberry juice (FLJ), used as a mouthwash for a period of 6 months, followed by a 6-month washout period.
Materials and Methods Twenty-five adults were recruited from private dental clinics in Helsinki and Joensuu (Finland). Standard oral examinations and sample gatherings were performed at base level, 6 months, and 1 year for oral Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans), Candida, and Lactobacilli levels, and active matrix metalloprotease-8 (aMMP-8) levels, and for decayed, missing, filled teeth (DMFT), decayed, missing filled surfaces (DMFS) and decayed surfaces (DS) indexes, and probing pocket depths (PPDs), bleeding on probing (BOP), and visible plaque index (VPI). FLJ was used by the participants once daily for 30 seconds for 6 months. FLJ contains 0.212% (w/v) polyphenols, 3% (w/ v) sugars, and contains no excipients. Ten milliliters of FLJ were equal to 1 dL of lingonberry juice.
Statistical Analysis Statistical analyses were performed with nonparametric Friedman's test and pairwise post-hoc analysis with Dunn-Bonferroni test, SPSS (version 27; IBM) and p < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.
Results The levels of S. mutans and Candida counts, DS, BOP, and VPI decreased significantly (p < 0.05) during the FLJ period. Lactobacilli counts increased significantly, while there was also significant difference in aMMP-8 levels, DMFT, and DMFS between the three measurement points. PPDs were not affected.
Conclusions The specially formulated FLJ may have a positive decreasing effect on S. mutans, and Candida counts as well as decrease low-grade inflammation and proteolytic burden in the oral mucosa and periodontal tissues. The beneficial effects to the oral cavity of FLJ mouthwash may be useful among patients with oral diseases, such as dental caries, periodontitis and candidosis.
An additional simultaneous magnetic ordering and magneto-capacitive behavior with dielectric relaxation besides multiferroicity in Fe

1−x

Te
x
VO4
Authors: Bera Ganesh , Surampalli Akash , Prajapat Deepak , Mal P , Reddy V R , Kumar Kranti , Sagdeo Archna , Das Pradip , Turpu G R 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Here we report the evidence of an additional magnetic ordering and frequency dispersive magneto-dielectric (MD) permittivity besides multiferroic behavior in Te4+ (S = 0) doped FeVO4. Two antiferromagnetic transitions similar to FeVO4 at ∼21.86 K (T

N
1

) and 16.03 K (T

N
2

) were observed in all samples. An additional novel defect clusters based magnetic ordering at relatively higher temperature (T

A
M
O

) ∼ 203 K is also observed from the magnetization. Evaluated magnetic moments show systematic decrease and the magnetic frustration factors show an increase with the increasing of Te4+ (S = 0) content. MD studies show stable ferroelectric ordering at spiral magnetic transition (T

N
2

) and the multiferroic order persists to the largest doping of Te (x = 0.10). The MD studies also reveal a magneto-capacitive (MC) behavior at T

A
M
O

(∼203 K) with a high dielectric constant and loss, and the possible reason for the magnetic ordering and MC behavior is ascribed to short range magnetic clustering arising out of defect based mechanisms. Mössbauer spectroscopic studies confirm local structural correlation with magnetic and ferroelectric ordering.
Heavy pnictogen chalcohalides for efficient, stable, and environmentally friendly solar cell applications
Authors: Choi Yong Chan , Nie Riming 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Solar cell technology is an effective solution for addressing climate change and the energy crisis. Therefore, many researchers have investigated various solar cell absorbers that convert Sunlight into electric energy. Among the different materials researched, heavy pnictogen chalcohalides comprising heavy pnictogen cations, such as Bi3+ and Sb3+, and chalcogen-halogen anions have recently been revisited as emerging solar absorbers because of their potential for efficient, stable, and low-toxicity solar cell applications. This review explores the recent progress in the applications of heavy pnictogen chalcohalides, including oxyhalides and mixed chalcohalides, in solar cells. We categorize them into material types based on their common structural characteristics and describe their up-to-date developments in solar cell applications. Finally, we discuss their material imitations, challenges for further development, and possible strategies for overcoming them.
Energy dynamics, heat production and heat–work conversion with qubits: toward the development of quantum machines
Authors: Arrachea Liliana 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We present an overview of recent advances in the study of energy dynamics and mechanisms for energy conversion in qubit systems with special focus on realizations in superconducting quantum circuits. We briefly introduce the relevant theoretical framework to analyze heat generation, energy transport and energy conversion in these systems with and without time-dependent driving considering the effect of equilibrium and non-equilibrium environments. We analyze specific problems and mechanisms under current investigation in the context of qubit systems. These include the problem of energy dissipation and possible routes for its control, energy pumping between driving sources and heat pumping between reservoirs, implementation of thermal machines and mechanisms for energy storage. We highlight the underlying fundamental phenomena related to geometrical and topological properties, as well as many-body correlations. We also present an overview of recent experimental activity in this field.
Magnetization AC losses in multilayer superconducting round cables with coinciding and opposite lay angles
Authors: Solovyov M , Šouc J , Kujovič T , Frolek L , Gömöry F 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Superconducting cables with a circular cross-section are attractive for various applications, such as power transmission lines, current leads, and large magnetic coils. In the case of coated conductor (CC) tapes, such an arrangement can be achieved by wrapping the tapes in a helical fashion around a circular former. While a braid of Cu wires serves as the core for the CORC® cable, in the conductor-on-round-tube the CC tapes are laid in several layers on a tube. Traditionally, the tapes in the neighbouring layers are wound following an alternating sense of helicity. Then, the tape edges are raised due to the Poisson effect, causing local surface irregularity and pressing into subsequent layers. We have found that this effect is less deteriorating in the case of coinciding lay angles because then the tape edges create imprints that are parallel to the tape length. Here, we present the results of investigating the AC loss performance of this innovative arrangement and its comparison with the traditional architecture. Both verification possibilities—experimental testing of small laboratory models and numerical modelling— were used for this purpose.
Performance tests of ITER CS conductor samples from series production
Authors: Breschi M , Devred A , Macioce D , Mitchell N 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) magnet system is one of the most sophisticated superconducting magnet systems ever designed, with a stored energy of 51 GJ. The coils are wound from cable-in-conduit conductors made of superconducting and copper strands assembled into a multistage rope-type cable, inserted into a conduit of austenitic steel tubes. The ITER central solenoid (CS) works in pulsed mode, reaching a peak field of 13 T, thus allowing the induction of a high intensity current in the plasma of the ITER tokamak. This magnet consists of a stack of six modules which include around 125 t of Nb3Sn strands. The production of all CS conductors has been completed and module manufacturing is well underway; throughout the production phase, samples were cut at the extremities of the conductor unit lengths to undergo quality control tests. About 25% of the conductor short samples were tested in current and field at cryogenic conditions at the SULTAN facility in Villigen, Switzerland. This work reports the comparative analysis of the short samples set of test results.
Synergistically investigating the structural, magnetic, opto-electronic, and thermo-elastic traits of LaFe1−xNixO3 for novel electronic applications
Authors: Tariq Saad , Alrashdi Ayash O , Ahmed Afaq , Mubarak A A 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Electronic materials have gained massive interest in the past few years. The fundamental reason is the growing industrial demands and efforts to discover novel low cost-effective materials. In this work, the influence of Ni substitution on LaFeO3 is presented in detail using the Kohn–Sham scheme of density functional theory. All studied compounds have shown good agreement with experimentally reported results. However, mechanical and optical results are reported for the first time for doped structures. The structural stability has been extensively checked through several stability criteria, such as, structural optimizations, elastic stability tests, and enthalpy of formation. Furthermore, the electronic and optical properties suggest highly conducting and reflecting phases of the studied compounds, respectively. The analysis of magnetic properties shows a decrease in magnetic moment value with an increase in Ni content due to Fe-Ni degeneracy. Mechanical analysis such as moduli of elasticity B, G, and Y has shown an increase in strength of 75% Ni substituted LaFeO3 by 24.5, 79.7, and 59.2%, respectively. Internal strain factor indicates majority bond flexibility, implying a potential application in flexible electronic devices.
Tuned electronic and magnetic properties in 3d transition metal doped VCl3 monolayer: a first-principles study
Authors: Ouettar Chaouki , Yahi Hakima , Zanat Kamel , Chibani Hosayn 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Transition metal trihalides (MX3) are one of the two-dimensional (2D) materials families that have garnered a lot of attention, especially after the first experimental realization of an intrinsic ferromagnetic CrI3 monolayer. The vanadium trichloride VCl3 monolayer, which is a member of this family, has been proven to be a stable Dirac half-metal with exciting properties and intrinsic ferromagnetism. Using first-principle calculations based on the GGA+U method, we have enhanced the spintronic properties of the VCl3 monolayer by tuning its electronic and magnetic properties via substitutional doping with 3d transition metals. We have found that Sc-, Ti-doped VCl3 monolayer systems are ferromagnetic semiconductors with indirect band gaps, while the Cr-doped monolayer is a ferromagnetic semiconductor with a direct band gap. More interestingly, the Mn-doped and Fe-doped VCl3 monolayers exhibited exciting spin gapless semiconducting (SGS) and bipolar ferromagnetic semiconducting (BFMS) properties that are very desirable for spintronic applications. Furthermore, the Cr-, Mn-, and Fe-doped systems have revealed large magnetic moment reaching the value of 4.75 μ
B per unit cell, as well as an increased ferromagnetic stability in the Fe-doped case. By possessing these interesting properties, these TM-doped monolayers could be potential candidates for spintronics.
Spin-dependent transmission in curved graphene superlattice
Authors: El-hassouny Jaouad , Jellal Ahmed , Atmani El Houssine 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We investigate spin-dependent transmission in a curved graphene superlattice of N cells where each one is made up of four regions. The first is concave, and the third is convex, two arcs of circles separated by a distance d from flat graphene sheets. The tunneling analysis allows us to determine all transmission and reflection channels associated with our system. As a result, we show that the number of cells acts by decreasing the transmissions with the same spin. We predict a solid spin-filtering effect when d and N are sufficiently large. Finally, it is determined that the degree and duration of suppression of the transmissions with the same spin over a range of energy are controllable using d.
Probing massive neutrinos with the Minkowski functionals of large-scale structure
Authors: Liu Wei , Jiang Aoxiang , Fang Wenjuan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Massive neutrinos suppress the growth of structure under their free-streaming scales. The effect is most prominent on small scales where the widely-used two-point statistics can no longer capture the full information. In this work, we study the signatures massive neutrinos leave on large-scale structure (LSS) as revealed by its morphological properties, which are fully described by 4 Minkowski functionals (MFs), and quantify the constraints on the summed neutrino mass Mν
from the MFs, by using publicly available N-body simulations. We find the MFs provide important complementary information, and give tighter constraints on Mν
than the power spectrum. Specifically, depending on whether massive neutrinos are included in the density field (the 'm' field) or not (the 'cb' field), we find the constraint on Mν
from the MFs with a smoothing scale of RG
= 5h
-1Mpc is 48 or 4 times better than that from the power spectrum. When the MFs are combined with the power spectrum, they can improve the constraint on Mν
from the latter by a factor of 63 for the 'm' field and 5 for the 'cb' field. Notably, when the 'm' field is used, the constraint on Mν
from the MFs can reach 0.0177eV with a volume of 1(
-1Gpc)3, while the combination of the MFs and power spectrum can tighten this constraint to be 0.0133eV, a 4.5σ significance on detecting the minimum sum of the neutrino masses. For the 'm' field, we also find the σ
8 and Mν
degeneracy is broken with the MFs, leading to stronger constraints on all 6 cosmological parameters considered in this work than the power spectrum.
Editorial for the Metrologia Focus Issue on Length Metrology
Authors: Lewis Andrew J , Yacoot Andrew 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This Focus Issue of Metrologia was instigated by the Consultative Committee for Length’s Working Group on Strategic Planning when it met online in 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic. Submission of articles started closely thereafter and was closed in September 2022. Covering a wide range of topics, the issue shows that despite the Coronavirus pandemic disrupting laboratory work, length metrology researchers have continued to deliver cutting edge research. The revised definition of the metre and its Mise en Pratique, both published in 2019, have stimulated further research and opened additional opportunities for developing length metrology capabilities. Articles related to the new Mise en Pratique are included in the issue, together with a range of articles demonstrating the breadth and ingenuity of current leading edge research in length metrology. A final paper indicates how metrology, with length used as an example, may be enhanced by a transition to a digital framework for realising the SI.
Absolute frequency measurement of the 87Sr optical lattice clock at NTSC using international atomic time
Authors: Lu Xiaotong , Guo Feng , Wang Yebing , Xu Qinfang , Zhou Chihua , Xia Jingjing , Wu Wenjun , Chang Hong 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We report the absolute frequency measurement of the

5

s

2

1

S

0

→
5
s
5
p

3

P

0

transition in 87Sr optical lattice clock (Sr1) at National Time Service Center. Its systematic frequency shifts are evaluated carefully with a total relative uncertainty of

5.1
×

10

−
17

. The measured absolute frequency is 429 228 004 229 872.91(18) Hz with a relative uncertainty of

4.1
×

10

−
16

, with reference to the ensemble of primary and secondary frequency standards published in the Circular T bulletin by BIPM through a global navigation satellite system link.
Analysis of functional connectivity in depression based on a weighted hyper-network method
Authors: Shao Xuexiao , Kong Wenwen , Sun Shuting , Li Na , Li Xiaowei , Hu Bin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Objective. Brain connectivity network is a vital tool to reveal the interaction between different brain regions. Currently, most functional connectivity methods can only capture pairs of information to construct brain networks which ignored the high-order correlations between brain regions. Approach. Therefore, this study proposed a weighted connectivity hyper-network based on resting-state EEG data, and then applied to depression identification and analysis. The hyper-network model was build based on least absolute shrinkage and selection operator sparse regression method to effectively represent the higher-order relationships of brain regions. On this basis, by integrating the correlation-based weighted hyper-edge information, the weighted hyper-network is constructed, and the topological features of the network are extracted for classification. Main results. The experimental results obtained an optimal accuracy compared to the traditional coupling methods. The statistical results on network metrics proved that there were significant differences between depressive patients and normal controls. In addition, some brain regions and electrodes were found and discussed to highly correlate with depression by analyzing of the critical nodes and hyper-edges. Significance. These may help discover disease-related biomarkers important for depression diagnosis.
Epileptic seizure detection by using interpretable machine learning models
Authors: Zhao Xuyang , Yoshida Noboru , Ueda Tetsuya , Sugano Hidenori , Tanaka Toshihisa 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Objective. Accurate detection of epileptic seizures using electroencephalogram (EEG) data is essential for epilepsy diagnosis, but the visual diagnostic process for clinical experts is a time-consuming task. To improve efficiency, some seizure detection methods have been proposed. Regardless of traditional or machine learning methods, the results identify only seizures and non-seizures. Our goal is not only to detect seizures but also to explain the basis for detection and provide reference information to clinical experts. Approach. In this study, we follow the visual diagnosis mechanism used by clinical experts that directly processes plotted EEG image data and apply some commonly used models of LeNet, VGG, deep residual network (ResNet), and vision transformer (ViT) to the EEG image classification task. Before using these models, we propose a data augmentation method using random channel ordering (RCO), which adjusts the channel order to generate new images. The Gradient-weighted class activation mapping (Grad-CAM) and attention layer methods are used to interpret the models. Main results. The RCO method can balance the dataset in seizure and non-seizure classes. The models achieved good performance in the seizure detection task. Moreover, the Grad-CAM and attention layer methods explained the detection basis of the model very well and calculate a value that measures the seizure degree. Significance. Processing EEG data in the form of images can flexibility to use a variety of machine learning models. The imbalance problem that exists widely in clinical practice is well solved by the RCO method. Since the method follows the visual diagnosis mechanism of clinical experts, the model interpretation results can be presented to clinical experts intuitively, and the quantitative information provided by the model is also a good diagnostic reference.
Spatial and temporal analysis of the bottleneck flow under different walking states with a moving obstacle
Authors: Xu Han , Ren Xiangxia , Song Weiguo , Zhang Jun , Saidahmed Rayyan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The regulation of a moving obstacle on crowd movement offers the possibility to enhance evacuation efficiency in emergency situations. In this paper, a series of controlled experiments are conducted to study the effect of the moving obstacle on crowd dynamics for pedestrians in three different competitive levels, which respectively correspond to three different walking states. The enhancement effects of the moving obstacle on evacuation efficiency for the crowd in the dual-task and high-motivated walking states are confirmed, and the positions of the moving obstacle are crucial. It is found that the moving obstacle diminishes the order of the trajectories for the crowd in the dual-task and normal walking states, while it boosts near the exit for the crowd in the high-motivated walking state. And the moving obstacle makes the linear backward propagations of stop-and-go wave disappear for the crowd in the dual-task and high-motivated walking states, but the frequency of stop behavior increases for the crowd in the dual-task and normal walking states. The profiles of evacuation time show that the moving obstacle impedes the pedestrian flow from the front of the exit and increases evacuation efficiency for the pedestrians near the walls of the exit. The analysis of time headway suggests that the moving obstacle with a gap of 1.0 m or 1.2 m to the exit can reduce the number of the pedestrians waiting near the exit for the crowd in the dual-task and high-motivated walking states. Besides, the gap of 0.8 m between the moving obstacle and the exit makes the conflicts at the exit is increased, but the gap of 1.0 m or 1.2 m makes the number of conflicts at the exit be reduced. This study helps the evacuation management of dense crowds and improves the design of facilities to facilitate pedestrian traffic.