bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Responsive and Resilient Healthcare? Moments of Resilience in post- hospitalisation services for COVID-19
Authors: Overton Charlotte , Emerson Tristen , Evans Rachael , Armstrong Natalie 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background

COVID-19 caused disruption to healthcare services globally, resulting in high numbers of hospital admissions and with those discharged often requiring ongoing support. Within the UK, post-discharge services typically developed organically and were shaped over time by local need, funding, and government guidance. Drawing on the Moments of Resilience framework, we explore the development of follow-up services for hospitalised patients by considering the links between resilience at different system levels over time. This study contributes to the resilient healthcare literature by providing empirical evidence of how diverse stakeholders developed and adapted services for patients following hospitalisation with COVID-19 and how action taken at one system level influenced another.

Methods

Qualitative research comprising comparative case studies based on interviews. Across three purposively selected case studies (two in England, one in Wales) a total of 33 semi-structured interviews were conducted with clinical staff, managers and commissioners who had been involved in developing and/or implementing post-hospitalisation follow-up services. The interviews were audio-recorded and professionally transcribed. Analysis was conducted with the aid of NVivo 12.

Results

Case studies demonstrated three distinct examples of how healthcare organisations developed and adapted their post-discharge care provision for patients, post-hospitalisation with COVID-19. Initially, the moral distress of witnessing the impact of COVID-19 on patients who were being discharged coupled with local demand gave clinical staff the impetus to take action. Clinical staff and managers worked closely to plan and deliver organisations’ responses. Funding availability and other contextual factors influenced situated and immediate responses and structural adaptations to the post-hospitalisation services. As the pandemic evolved, NHS England and the Welsh government provided funding and guidance for systemic adaptations to post-COVID assessment clinics. Over time, adaptations made at the situated, structural, and systemic levels influenced the resilience and sustainability of services.

Conclusions

This paper addresses understudied, yet inherently important, aspects of resilience in healthcare by exploring when and where resilience occurs across the healthcare system and how action taken at one system level influenced another. Comparison across the case studies showed that organisations responded in similar and different ways and on varying timescales to a disruption and national level strategies.
Assessing the Thyroid Autoimmunity Association with Recurrent Aphtous Stomatitis
Authors: Karimi Fariba , Lavaee Fatemeh , Nematollahi Aida , Sahmeddini Sarina 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), a common disease of the oral mucosa, can be painful and reduce the quality of life. Since many investigations have focused on the autoimmune origins of RAS, we aimed to investigate the relationship between RAS and autoimmune thyroid diseases (ATDs) in an Iranian population.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was done on 102 patients diagnosed with ATD (case) and 102 healthy patients (control) who had been referred for their routine dental treatments. All participants were asked for the history of RAS and their age, gender, other systemic diseases, medications, and frequency of RAS in a year. Matching was done based on propensity score for age and gender. Also, the number of lesions in each recurrence in both groups has been assessed and compared. The type of thyroid disease has been assessed for case participants and has been confirmed by the endocrinologist. The chi-square test, T-test, and Man-Whitney test were used to analyze the data by SPSS 18.
Results
The patients with ATD had more RAS in comparison to healthy controls (P = 0.040). ATD patients had 1.93times more risk for RAS, and the frequency of RAS in a year was 3.15times higher in these patients (P = 0.011). Moreover, the frequency of RAS was higher in patients with hypothyroidism than in patients with hyperthyroidism (P = 0.03). However, there were no significant differences regarding the size and the number of lesions between the groups.
Conclusion
The risk and frequency of RAS was significantly higher in patients with ATDs. However, the size and the number of lesions had no relationship to ATD.
Albumin and caffeine -loaded nanofiber for topical wound healing
Authors: Saadat Fatemeh , Peirouvi Tahmineh , Diba Kambiz , Azarbayjani Anahita Fathi 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Intravenous albumin administration increases blood circulation and enhances wound healing. Topical caffeine can induce vascularization and the formation of blood vessels on the skin. The purpose of this work is to explore for the first time the effect of topical albumin and caffeine on wound healing in rat models.
Methods
This work aimed to develop albumin and caffeine-loaded nanofibers by the electrospinning method and to evaluate their topical effect on wound healing. Nanofiber formation was assessed by SEM and considered using FT-IR spectroscopy.
Results
The therapeutic activity of topical albumin and caffeine was investigated on a full-thickness excision skin model. Results indicate faster healing of wounds covered with albumin. Albumin alone or in combination with caffeine effectively reduced the exposed wound area. Data show that daily albumin-loaded wound dressing displayed good healing properties and enhanced wound closure rate.
Conclusion
These findings may indicate the successful application of the sauce as a promising tool in wound healing therapy.
Improving Chilhood Safety Through a Peer Based Educational Model
Authors: Teichman Amanda L. , Walls David O. , Choron Rachel L. , Starace Diana , Mosier Allison S. , Lissauer Matthew , Gupta Rajan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose:
Trauma is the leading cause of childhood morbidity and mortality annually in the United States. As an adult level 1 and pediatric level 2 trauma center, we are committed to injury prevention through outreach and education. The Safety Ambassadors Program (SAP) was developed as part of this aim. Safety Ambassadors (SA) are high schoolers who teach elementary school students about safety/injury prevention. This model is impactful, relatable, and engaging when provided by participants’ aspirational peers. The curriculum addresses prevalent areas of injury risk: car/pedestrian safety, wheeled sports/helmets, and fall prevention. We hypothesized that participation in SAP, leads to improved safety knowledge/behaviors, and ultimately reduce childhood preventable injuries.
Methods:
With IRB approval and as part of quality improvement, pre- and post-course exams were administered to SAP participants to assess knowledge (12-questions) and behavior (4-questions). Results were retrospectively reviewed, and pre/post training mean scores were calculated. Scores were calculated based on number of correct answers on pre/post exam. Comparisons were made using the student t-test. All tests were 2-tailed with significance set at 0.05. Statistical analysis was performed using SAS software.
Results:
Pre- and post-training results were assessed for 2016–2019. During that time, 8,832-students participated in SAP. First graders demonstrated significant improvement in safety knowledge [pre 9(95% CI 8.9–9.2) vs post 9.8(95%CI 9.6–9.9),(p < 0.01)] and behavior modification [pre 3.2(95%CI 3.1–3.2) vs post 3.6(95% CI 3.5–3.6),(p < 0.01)]. Similar findings were seen in 2nd graders: safety knowledge [pre 9.6(95% CI 9.4–9.9) vs post 10.1(95% CI 9.9–10.2),(p < 0.01)] and behavior [pre 3.3(95% CI 3.1–3.4) vs post 3.5(95%CI 3.4–3.6),(p < 0.01)].
Conclusions:
SAP is a novel evidence based educational program. On a local level it’s demonstrated improved safety knowledge and behavior in elementary school students. As trauma is the leading cause of pediatric death and disability, enhanced education may lead to life saving injury prevention in this vulnerable population.
A social-semantic-working-memory account for two canonical language areas
Authors: Zhang Guangyao , Xu Yangwen , Wang Xiuyi , Li Jixing , Shi Weiting , Bi Yanchao , Lin Nan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Language and social cognition are traditionally studied as separate cognitive domains, yet accumulative studies reveal overlapping neural correlates at the left ventral temporoparietal junction (vTPJ) and lateral anterior temporal lobe (lATL), which have been attributed to sentence processing and social concept activation. We propose a common cognitive component underlying both effects -- social-semantic working memory. We confirmed two key predictions of our hypothesis using fMRI: First, the left vTPJ and lATL showed sensitivity to sentences only when the sentences conveyed social meaning.; second, these regions showed persistent social-semantic-selective activity after the linguistic stimuli disappeared. We additionally found that both regions were sensitive to the socialness of nonlinguistic stimuli and were more tightly connected with the social-semantic-processing areas than with the sentence-processing areas. The converging evidence indicates the social-semantic-working-memory function of the left vTPJ and lATL and challenges the general-semantic and/or syntactic accounts for the neural activity of these regions.
Foldable Metal-Organic Framework as Origamic Mechanical Metamaterial
Authors: Jin Eunji , Lee In Seong , Yang D. ChangMo , Moon Dohyun , Nam Joohan , Kang Eunyoung , Lee Junghye , Noh Hyuk-Jun , Min Seung Kyu , Choe Wonyoung 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Origami, known as “paper folding” has become a fascinating research topic recently. Origami-inspired materials often establish unprecedented mechanical properties that are difficult to achieve in conventional materials. However, the materials based on origami tessellation at the molecular level have been significantly underexplored. Herein, we report a two-dimensional (2D) porphyrinic metal-organic framework (MOF), self-assembled from Zn nodes and flexible porphyrin linkers, displaying folding motions based on origami tessellation. A combined experimental and theoretical investigation demonstrated the origami mechanism of the 2D porphyrinic MOF, whereby the flexible linker acts as a pivoting point. The discovery of the 2D tessellation hidden in the 2D MOF unveils origami mechanics at the molecular level.
Comparison of percutaneous balloon compression and radiofrequency-thermocoagulation in the management of trigeminal neuralgia
Authors: Herta Johannes Bernd , Loidl Theresa Bettina , Schmied Tobias , Tomschik Matthias , Khalaveh Farjad , Wang Wei-Te , Dorfer Christian 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose: To compare percutaneous balloon compression (PBC) and radiofrequency thermocoagulation (RFTC) for the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia (TGN).
Methods: Retrospective single center analysis of data from 230 patients with TGN that underwent 202 PBC (46%) and 234 RFTC (54%) from 2002 to 2019. Comparison of demographic data and TGN characteristics between procedures as well as assessment of 1) initial pain relief (IPR) by an improved Barrow Neurological Institute (BNI) pain intensity scale of I-III; 2) recurrence free survival (RFS) of patients with a follow-up of at least six months by Kaplan-Meier analysis; 3) risk factors for failed IPR and RFS by regression analysis and 4) complications and adverse events.
Results: IPR was achieved in 353 (84.2%) procedures and showed no significant difference between PBC (83.7%) and RFTC (84.9%). Patients who suffered from multiple sclerosis (Odds ratio 5.34) or had a higher preoperative BNI (Odds ratio 2.01) showed a higher risk of not becoming pain free. RFS in 283 procedures was longer for PBC (44%) with 481 days compared to RFTC (56%) with 421 days (p=0.036) but without statistical significance. The only factor that showed a significant influence on RFS rates was a postoperative BNI ≤ II (P=<0.0001). The complication rate of 22.2% as well as zero mortality showed no difference between the two procedures (p=0.162).
Conclusion: Both percutaneous interventions lead to a comparable IPR and RFS with a low and comparable probability of complications. An individualized approach, considering the advantages and disadvantages of each intervention should guide the decision-making process.
Behavioural Based Detection of Android Ransomware Using Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: G Kirubavathi , S Sreevarsan , P VARADHAN 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Currently the whole world is going digitalization, using handheld device like smartphones and evolution of Internet, due to pandemic, all the transactions are going online. The security at end devices is an important issue to everyone. We believe that the, data is in transit is more secure, but in reality is not true. The data are in hands of bad actors for malicious activities. Android Ransomware is one of the most widely distributed assaults throughout the world. It is a type of virus that prevents users from accessing the operating system and encrypts essential data saved on their device. The majority of this work focuses on two goals: the first is to offer an introduction of ransomware and machine learning techniques, and the second part focussed on thorough assessment of detection of Android ransomware application using machine learning methods. After a thorough analysis of existing mechanisms of android ransomware detection, we found that the combination of static behaviour analysis of application and machine learning techniques gives good accuracy of android ransomware applications. In this research used, proposed a static based feature selection technique and applied machine learning algorithms for prediction of ransomware applications. For classification, the Decision Tree, Extra Tree classifier, Light Gradient Boosting Machine methods are employed in conjunction with the random forest tree. The dataset used was obtained from Kaggle and consists of 331 Android application permissions, 199 of which are Ransomware. The suggested model outperforms with a detection accuracy of 98.05 percent. Based on its best performance, we believe our suggested approach will be useful in malware and forensic investigation.
A randomized, double-blind placebo-control study assessing the protective efficacy of an odour-based ‘push-pull’ malaria vector control strategy in reducing human-vector contact
Authors: Fillinger Ulrike , Denz Adrian , Njoroge Margaret Mendi , Tambwe Mohamed Mgeni , Takken Willem , Loon Joop J.A. van , Moore Sarah Jane , Saddler Adam , Chitnis Nakul , Hiscox Alexandra 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Novel malaria vector control strategies targeting the odour-orientation of mosquitoes during host-seeking, such as ‘attract-and-kill’ or ‘push-and-pull’, have been suggested as complementary tools to indoor residual spraying and long-lasting insecticidal nets. These would be particularly beneficial if they can target vectors in the peri-domestic space where people are unprotected by traditional interventions. A randomized double-blind placebo-control study was implemented in western Kenya to evaluate: a ‘push’ intervention (spatial repellent) using transfluthrin-treated fabric strips positioned at open eave gaps of houses; a ‘pull’ intervention placing an odour-baited mosquito trap at a 5 m distance from a house; the combined ‘push-pull’ package; and the control where houses contained all elements but without active ingredients. Treatments were rotated through 12 houses in a randomized-block design. Outdoor biting was estimated using human landing catches, and indoor mosquito densities using light-traps. None of the interventions provided any protection from outdoor biting malaria vectors. The ‘push’ reduced indoor vector densities dominated by Anopheles funestus by around two thirds. The ‘pull’ device did not add any benefit. In the light of the high Anopheles arabiensis biting densities outdoors in the study location, the search for efficient outdoor protection and effective pull components needs to continue.
Progestin primed double stimulation versus flexible GnRh antagonist protocol in poor responders. A randomized control study.
Authors: Hussein Aly , Abdelrahman Ashraf , Elabd Mohamed , Gaafar Sherif 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Poor ovarian responders represent a daily clinical challenge to fertility practitioners. Dual stimulation protocols aim at maximizing the number of retrieved oocytes in the shortest time. In this study, the progestin primed double stimulation protocol was compared to 2 cycles of the flexible antagonist protocol in poor responders. Additionally, we have investigated both phases of the double stimulation and the effect of the progestin used, Dydrogesterone, on the ovarian response. 90 poor responders, defined according to Bologna criteria, were randomized into 2 groups. Group I, were stimulated using the progestin primed double stimulation protocol and group II, were stimulated by 2 cycles of the flexible antagonist protocol. Total days of controlled ovarian stimulation and the total gonadotropins requirements were comparable among both groups. However, the number of retrieved oocytes were significant higher in the dual stimulation group. There was no statistically significant difference, in the implantation rate, clinical or the ongoing pregnancy rates. In the dual stimulation group, we found that the stimulation days and the gonadotropins requirements were statistically higher in the luteal phase compared to the follicular phase. But we also noticed that luteal stimulation resulted in a significant increase in the number of mature oocytes, fertilization rate and embryos available for cryopreservation. So, we concluded that progestin primed double stimulation is a valuable option in poor ovarian responders. Trial registration number: ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT04537078
The Role of Hedgehog Signaling in the Melanoma Tumor Bone Microenvironment
Authors: Shamsoon Karnoon , Hiraki Daichi , Yoshida Koki , Takabatake Kiyofumi , Takebe Hiroaki , Yokozeki Kenji , Horie Naohiro , Fujita Naomasa , Nasrun Nisrina , Okui Tatsuo , Nagatsuka Hitoshi , Abiko Yoshihiro , Hosoya Akihiro , Saito Takashi , Shimo Tsuyoshi 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
A crucial regulator in melanoma progression and treatment resistance is the tumor microenvironment, and Hedgehog (Hh) signals activated in a tumor bone microenvironment are a potential new therapeutic target. The mechanism of bone destruction by melanomas involving Hh /Gli signaling in the tumor microenvironment is unknown. Here, we analyzed surgically resected oral malignant melanoma specimens and observed that Sonic hedgehog, Gli1, and Gli2 were highly expressed in tumor cells, vasculatures and osteoclasts. We established a tumor bone destruction mouse model by inoculating B16 cells into the bone marrow space of the right tibial metaphysis of 5-week-old female C57BL mice. An intraperitoneal administration of GANT61 (40 mg/kg), a small molecule inhibitor of Gli1 and Gli2, caused bone destruction of cortical bone, TRAP-positive osteoclasts, and a significant suppression of endomucin-positive tumor vessels. A gene set enrichment analysis suggested that genes involved in the apoptosis, angiogenesis, and PD-L1 expression pathway in cancer were significantly altered by GANT61 treatment. A flow cytometry analysis revealed that PD-L1 expression was significantly decreased in cells in which apoptosis was induced by GANT61 treatment. These results suggest that Hh signaling plays an important role in the melanoma bone microenvironment through normalization and remodeling of the tumor bone microenvironment.
Evaluation of airway involvement and treatment in patients with relapsing polychondritis
Authors: Handa Hiroshi , Ooka Seido , Shimizu Jun , Suzuki Noboru , Mineshita Masamichi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAirway involvement in relapsing polychondritis (RP) can be debilitating and life threatening, often requiring interventional procedures. If standard therapies including systemic corticosteroid and immunosuppressive agents are ineffective, airway stenting is often required. Recently, biologics have been reported to be effective for RP, and the early administration of biologics may avoid airway stenting. To evaluate survival rates and treatment approaches, medical records of RP patients with airway involvement were reviewed. These cases were divided into the following groups: with and without malacia, stenting and non-stenting, and with and without biologics. Kaplan-Meier was used to calculate survival rates and log rank tests were used to analyze biologics groups. A total of 77 patients were enrolled. Airway stenting was performed in 13 patients, all of which developed airway malacia. The stenting group had significantly lower survival rates than the non-stenting group (p < 0.001). Stent-related complications were granulation tissue (85%) and mucostasis (69%). In the non-stenting group, a lower mortality rate was observed. A significantly higher survival rate was seen in patients administered biologics than without (p = 0.014). The early administration of biologics shows promise in preventing severe airway disorders that require airway stenting.
Retrospective Study on Abortion Rate in Goat herd at Abergelle Agricultural Research Center, Tigray, Ethiopia
Authors: Abay Guash , Hagazi Mebrahtom , Mezgebe Gebretnsae , Teklue Teshale , Aregawi Weldegebrial , Baraki Adehanom 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Abortion is among the leading cause of production losses in Tigray. A retrospective study on abortion cases were conducted for over seven years in goat farm located in Tanqua Abergelle district of Ethiopia with the objectives of investigating the occurrence of abortion and associated risk factors.
Results
The study illustrated that the overall abortion rate observed was 29.8% in the goat farm. The highest abortion rate was observed in Begait goat breeds (50.9%, CI 0.36–0.64) during the 2015/16 study year. The chi-square test and univariable regression analysis revealed that the overall abortion rate significantly varied with breed type, season, age, and year (P < 0.05) but no variation with parity (P > 0.05). Accordingly, goats during the dry season (OR 1.74, CI 1.28–2.37) were more likely to have abortion than during the wet season (OR 0.29, CI 0.23–0.37) and Begait breeds (rate. 37.5%, OR 3.5, CI 1.85–7.23) show higher abortion as compared to the other breeds. Looking at the within breeds (animal level), the factors parity, age, years and season (p < 0.05) were among the important factors in Abergelle breeds, season and study years (P < 0.05) were significantly differed in Begait breeds, and none of the factors were important in cross breeds for the occurrence of abortion. A survey at the community level (outside the farm) revealed that 26 out of 29 (89.7%) households responded that their goats experienced abortion.
Conclusions
The results showed that high abortion rate and seasonally and/or yearly varied abortion cases were observed along with causative agents remained to be investigated. This research finding could provide essential information for the breeding research center and nearby farmers to introduce better management, and abortion prevention methods. In addition, appropriate investigation to identify the causes of abortion should be the next research direction.