bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sex, body size, and winter weather explain migration strategies in a partial migrant population of American Kestrels
Authors: Ranck Sadie C , Garsvo Christina M , Schwartz Darin M , Reynard Linda M , Kohn Matthew J , Heath Julie A 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Given increasing evidence that climate change affects the annual cycles of birds, it is important to understand the mechanisms underlying individual migration strategies and population-level patterns in partial migrants. In this study, we found that thermoregulation (body size and winter temperatures) was a key driver of American Kestrel (Falco sparverius) migration decisions. The annual proportion of migrants in the population, however, was not explained by winter weather and may be the result of differential survival. We measured stable hydrogen isotope values (δD) of talon tissues collected from 501 breeding and overwintering birds to distinguish migrant from resident kestrels in a partially migratory population of American Kestrels in southwestern Idaho in 2013–2021. We then evaluated drivers of migration decisions by assessing potential correlates of migration strategies, whether individuals switched migration strategies between years, and whether the proportion of migrants in the population changed over time or was correlated with winter weather. Male kestrels were 1.6 times more likely to migrate than females, and in colder than average winters, smaller birds of both sexes were more likely to migrate than larger birds. Only 27% of 26 recaptured individuals showed evidence of switching their migration strategies on an annual basis. There was no temporal trend in the proportion of migrants in the population, but proportions varied between years. Interestingly, there was no association between winter minimum temperature anomalies and annual migrant proportions in the population, suggesting that differential over-winter survival, or other stochastic processes, may play an important role in population composition. As winters continue to warm, fewer kestrels may migrate and more may remain resident on breeding grounds. However, it is unclear how changes in migration strategies might affect population-level patterns and resilience to climate change.
Investigation of the Mid-Age (65–34 ka) Period of Taranaki Volcano, New Zealand: Indications for the Effect of Volcano Growth
Authors: Zemeny Aliz , Zellmer Georg Florian , Ubide Teresa , Smith Ian Ernest Masterman , Procter Jonathan , Tapu Al-Tamini , Zernack Anke Verena 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
Many stratovolcanoes are characterised by cycles of edifice growth interrupted by collapse events. The long-term record of the evolution of such magmatic systems is mainly preserved in the deposits of the volcanic apron surrounding the active cone. Taranaki Volcano in New Zealand provides an unusually detailed example of these processes due to excellent coastal ring-plain and young cone exposures. In this study, we investigate the magmatic system of this volcano through three consecutive growth phases by sampling a detailed, stratigraphically controlled selection of volcanic clasts from volcaniclastic mass-flow deposits in the medial ring-plain. The clasts from three growth phases (GP1, 65–55 ka; GP2, 55–40 ka; GP3, 40–34 ka) differ in bulk composition and form geochemically distinct trends on variation diagrams. These trends can be modelled by mainly dacitic melt mixing with gabbroic and ultramafic xenolith compositions representing the plutonic assemblages beneath the edifice. Within short-term growth cycles (104 years), the geochemical differences between lower and upper sequences of GP units indicate that closer to an edifice collapse, both whole-rock major and trace element compositions display more evolved and scattered trends compared to post-collapse stages. Considering the long-term magmatic evolution of Taranaki Volcano, it is apparent that the pre-collapse compositions are more evolved than bulk rock compositions of the growth phases, indicating active upper-crustal reservoir conditions in pre-collapse states. Furthermore, the volume losses caused by sector collapses prior to GP2 and GP3 could decrease the pressure in the upper-crustal reservoir. Overall, the data obtained from the mid-age Taranaki volcanic system elucidate the mid- to upper-crustal magmatic processes and reservoir conditions throughout growth cycles. Further, it demonstrates the top-down control of volcanic edifice load change on the magmatic plumbing system expressed by the evolvement of whole-rock compositions towards the end of a growth cycle.
Response of germanium detectors for high-energy γ-rays by 27Al(p, γ)28Si at Ep = 992 keV
Authors: Mizuno Rurie , Niikura Megumi , Ikeda Tokihiro , Matsuzaki Teiichiro , Go Shintaro , Saito Takeshi Y , Michimasa Shin’ichiro , Sakurai Hiroyoshi 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The performance of germanium detectors for high-energy γ-rays was evaluated using a 992-keV resonance in the 27Al(p, γ)28Si reaction. The measurement was conducted at the RIKEN tandem accelerator. The energy of the excited state from the resonance was evaluated as 12540.7(2) keV. Using newly evaluated excitation energy, an energy calibration function and a photo peak efficiency of Ge detectors up to 10.8-MeV photons were deduced. Energy accuracy is achieved at 0.3 keV for the overall energy region. This reaction provides reliable energy and efficiency standards for high-energy γ-rays.
Understanding Lifelong Factors and Prediction Models of Social Functioning After Psychosis Onset Using the Large-Scale GROUP Cohort Study
Authors: Tiles-Sar Natalia , Habtewold Tesfa Dejenie , Liemburg Edith J , van der Meer Lisette , Bruggeman Richard , Alizadeh Behrooz Z ,   GROUP investigators, Bruggeman Richard , Alizadeh Behrooz Z , van Amelsvoort Therese , Bartels-Velthuis Agna A , de Haan Lieuwe , Schirmbeck Frederike , Simons Claudia J P , van Os Jim 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackground and hypothesisCurrent rates of poor social functioning (SF) in people with psychosis history reach 80% worldwide. We aimed to identify a core set of lifelong predictors and build prediction models of SF after psychosis onset.Study designWe utilized data of 1119 patients from the Genetic Risk and Outcome in Psychosis (GROUP) longitudinal Dutch cohort. First, we applied group-based trajectory modeling to identify premorbid adjustment trajectories. We further investigated the association between the premorbid adjustment trajectories, six-year-long cognitive deficits, positive, and negative symptoms trajectories, and SF at 3-year and 6-year follow-ups. Next, we checked associations between demographics, clinical, and environmental factors measured at the baseline and SF at follow-up. Finally, we built and internally validated 2 predictive models of SF.Study resultsWe found all trajectories were significantly associated with SF (P &lt; .01), explaining up to 16% of SF variation (R2 0.15 for 3- and 0.16 for 6-year follow-up). Demographics (sex, ethnicity, age, education), clinical parameters (genetic predisposition, illness duration, psychotic episodes, cannabis use), and environment (childhood trauma, number of moves, marriage, employment, urbanicity, unmet needs of social support) were also significantly associated with SF. After validation, final prediction models explained a variance up to 27% (95% CI: 0.23, 0.30) at 3-year and 26% (95% CI: 0.22, 0.31) at 6-year follow-up.ConclusionsWe found a core set of lifelong predictors of SF. Yet, the performance of our prediction models was moderate.
Genetic analysis of probable sleep bruxism and its associations with clinical and behavioral traits
Authors: Strausz Tommi , Strausz Satu ,   FinnGen, Palotie Tuula , Ahlberg Jari , Ollila Hanna M 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Study Objectives
Sleep bruxism (SB) can cause damage on teeth, headache and severe pain affecting both sleep and daily functioning. Yet despite the growing interest into bruxism, the underlying clinically relevant biological mechanisms remain unresolved. The aim of our study was to understand biological mechanisms and clinical correlates of SB including previously reported disease associations.

Methods
We used data from the FinnGen release R9 (N = 377 277 individuals) that are linked with Finnish hospital and primary care registries. We identified 12 297 (3.26%) individuals with International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 codes used for SB. In addition, we used logistic regression to examine the association between probable SB and its clinically diagnosed risk factors and comorbidities using ICD-10 codes. Furthermore, we examined medication purchases using prescription registry. Finally, we performed the first genome-wide association analysis for probable SB and computed genetic correlations using questionnaire, lifestyle, and clinical traits.

Results
The genome-wide association analysis revealed one significant association: rs10193179 intronic to Myosin IIIB (MYO3B) gene. In addition, we observed phenotypic associations and high genetic correlations with pain diagnoses, sleep apnea, reflux disease, upper respiratory diseases, psychiatric traits, and also their related medications such as antidepressants and sleep medication (p &lt; 1e-4 for each trait).

Conclusions
Our study provides a large-scale genetic framework to understand risk factors for SB and suggests potential biological mechanisms. Furthermore, our work strengthens the important earlier work that highlights SB as a trait that is associated with multiple axes of health. As part of this study, we provide genome-wide summary statistics that we hope will be useful for the scientific community studying SB.
In the Name of Love: White Organizations and Racialized Emotions
Authors: Diefendorf Sarah , Pascoe C J 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis article bridges the gap between insights from a theory of racialized organizations and insights from a theory of racialized emotions by asking what role these emotions play in organizations. Drawing on a combined four years of ethnographic data from two predominantly White organizations in the Pacific Northwest – a conservative evangelical mega-church and a progressive public high school – we argue that these two organizations address racial inequality with a set of racialized emotions that we call a “love discourse.” A love discourse is a seemingly apolitical way of addressing inequality that frames the solution to it as a matter of individual feelings of love and kindness rather than as a social problem that requires collective, political, or systemic solutions. A love discourse is grounded in and supports White racial ignorance. By providing a way to avoid politics, a love discourse allows two organizations with different political cultures and value systems to engage in diversity work that seems to address racial inequality, without actually challenging it. Love, in this sense, is a racialized emotion that appears to address racial inequality while also sustaining it.
Personalized versus generic digital weight loss interventions delivered on university campuses: a 6-month cost-benefit analysis
Authors: Napolitano Melissa A , Bailey Caitlin P , Mavredes Meghan N , Neighbors Charles J , Whiteley Jessica A , Long Michael W , Hayman Laura L , Malin Steven K , DiPietro Loretta 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCost-effectiveness analyses of weight loss programs for university students can inform administrator decision-making. This study quantifies and compares the costs and cost-effectiveness of implementing two digitally-delivered weight loss interventions designed for university populations. Healthy Body Healthy U (HBHU) was a randomized controlled trial comparing TAILORED (personalized) versus TARGETED (generic) weight loss interventions adapted specifically for young adults to a CONTROL intervention. Participants (N = 459; 23.3 ± 4.4 years; mean BMI 31.2 ± 4.4 kg/m2) were recruited from two universities. Implementation costs were examined from a payer (i.e., university) perspective, comparing both the average cost effectiveness ratio (ACER) and the incremental cost effectiveness ratio (ICER) of the two interventions. Cost-effectiveness measures were calculated for changes in body weight, abdominal circumference, HDL cholesterol, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and HbA1c. The overall 6-month implementation costs were $105.66 per person for the TAILORED intervention and $91.44 per person for the TARGETED intervention. The ACER for weight change was $107.82 for the TAILORED and $179.29 for the TARGETED interventions. The ICER comparing TAILORED with TARGETED for change in body weight was $5.05, and was even lower ($2.28) when including only those with overweight and not obesity. The ICERs for change in abdominal circumference, HDL cholesterol, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and HbA1c were $3.49, $59.37, $1.57, $2.64, and $47.49, respectively. The TAILORED intervention was generally more cost-effective compared with the TARGETED intervention, particularly among those with overweight. Young adults with obesity may require more resource-intensive precision-based approaches.
The dietary regulation of LEAP2 depends on meal composition in mice
Authors: Gradel Anna Katrina Jógvansdóttir , Holm Stephanie K. , Byberg Sarah , Merkestein Myrte , Hogendorf Wouter Frederik Johan , Lund Mari Lilith , Buijink Jesse Arnold , Damgaard Jesper , Lykkesfeldt Jens , Holst Birgitte 
Published: April 2023

AbstractGhrelin represents a key hormone regulating energy balance. Upon activation of the growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR), ghrelin increases blood glucose levels, food intake, and promotes weight gain. The liver‐expressed antimicrobial peptide 2 (LEAP2) acts as an endogenous antagonist of the GHSR. While the regulation of LEAP2 and its effect on the GHSR likely occur in an opposite pattern to that of ghrelin, the dietary regulation of LEAP2 remains to be described. We, therefore, examined the regulation of LEAP2 by different acute meal challenges (glucose, mixed meal, olive, lard, and fish oil) and diets (chow vs. high‐fat) in C57BL/6 male mice. In addition, the effect of specific fatty acids (oleic, docosahexaenoic, and linoleic acid) on LEAP2 was assessed in murine intestinal organoids. While only mixed meal increased liver Leap2 expression, all meal challenges except fish oil increased jejunal Leap2 expression compared to water. Leap2 expression correlated with levels of hepatic glycogen and jejunal lipids. Lipid versus water dosing increased LEAP2 levels in the systemic circulation and portal vein where fish oil was associated with the smallest increase. In line with this, oleic acid, but not docosahexaenoic acid increased Leap2 expression in intestinal organoids. Feeding mice with high‐fat versus chow diet not only increased plasma LEAP2 levels, but also the increment in plasma LEAP2 upon dosing with olive oil versus water. Taken together, these results show that LEAP2 is regulated by meal ingestion in both the small intestine and the liver according to the meal/diet of interest and local energy stores.
Patient Adherence to Wide Abduction Brace Treatment for Legg-Calvé-Perthes Disease
Authors: Prasadh Jai G. , Jo Chan-Hee , Kim Harry K.W. 
Published: April 2023

Background:
A wide abduction brace called the A-frame brace is used to contain the deformed femoral head and improve femoral head remodeling in patients with Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease (LCPD). While there is some data showing the efficacy of brace treatment, little is known about patient adherence. The purpose of this study was to measure A-frame brace adherence using temperature sensors and to identify factors that influence adherence.

Methods:
This is an IRB-approved retrospective study of 61 patients with LCPD treated with an A-frame brace between ages 5 and 11. Brace wear was measured using built-in temperature sensors. Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression were used to determine relationships between patient characteristics and brace adherence.

Results:
Of 61 patients, 80% were male. Mean age at LCPD onset was 5.9±1.8 years and the mean age at initiation of brace treatment was 7.1±1.5 years. Fifty-eight patients (95%) were in the fragmentation or reossification stage at the start of bracing, with 23 patients (38%) having lateral pillar B, 7 (11%) lateral pillar B/C, and 31 (51%) lateral pillar C. Forty-two (69%) patients were treated with a Petrie cast for 6 weeks before the A-frame brace. Mean adherence, defined as the ratio of measured over prescribed brace wear, was 0.69±0.32. Mean adherence improved with age (P<0.05), increasing from 0.57 in patients less than 6 to 0.84 in patients aged 8 to 11. Patients first treated with a Petrie cast had significantly better adherence than those without (0.77 vs. 0.50; P<0.005). Adherence was negatively associated with the amount of prescribed brace wear per day (P<0.005). Adherence did not change significantly between the start and end of treatment and was not significantly associated with sex or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

Conclusions:
A-frame brace adherence was significantly associated with age at treatment, prior Petrie casting, and the amount of daily prescribed brace wear. These findings provide new insight into A-frame brace treatment, which will lead to better patient selection and counseling to optimize adherence.

Level of Evidence:
III Therapeutic Study.
Scoliosis Treatment With Growth-Friendly Spinal Implants (GFSI) Relates to Low Bone Mineral Mass in Children With Spinal Muscular Atrophy
Authors: Soini Venla , Hell Anna K. , Metzger Luise , Jäckle Katharina , Braunschweig Lena , Lüders Katja A. , Lorenz Heiko M. , Tsaknakis Konstantinos 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Children with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) frequently develop neuromuscular scoliosis at an early age, requiring surgical treatment with growth-friendly spinal implants (GFSI), such as magnetically controlled growing rods. This study investigated the effect of GFSI on the volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) of the spine in SMA children.

Methods:
Seventeen children (age 13.2±1.2 y) with SMA and GFSI-treated spinal deformity were compared with 25 scoliotic SMA children (age 12.9±1.7 y) without prior surgical treatment as well as age-matched healthy controls (n=29; age 13.3±2.0). Clinical, radiologic, and demographic data were analyzed. For the calculation of the vBMD Z-scores of the thoracic and lumbar vertebrae, phantom precalibrated spinal computed tomography scans were analyzed using quantitative computed tomography (QCT).

Results:
Average vBMD was lower in SMA patients with GFSI (82.1±8.4 mg/cm3) compared with those without prior treatment (108.0±6.8 mg/cm3). The difference was more prominent in and around the thoracolumbar region. The vBMD of all SMA patients was significantly lower in comparison with healthy controls, especially in SMA patients with previous fragility fractures.

Conclusions:
The results of this study support the hypothesis of reduced vertebral bone mineral mass in SMA children with scoliosis at the end of GFSI treatment in comparison with SMA patients undergoing primary spinal fusion. Improving vBMD through pharmaceutical therapy in SMA patients could have a beneficial effect on the surgical outcome of scoliosis correction while reducing complications.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level III.
Supplementary Fibular-guided Growth in Treatment of Late-onset Blount Disease
Authors: Emara Khaled Mohamed , Diab Ramy Ahmed , Fathy Ayman , Essa Mohamed N. , Eisa Mohamed , Elshobaky Mahmoud Ahmed , Emara Ahmed K. , Rashid Kyrillos , Gemeah Mostafa 
Published: April 2023

Purpose:
Blount disease is due to an idiopathic defect in the posteromedial proximal tibial physis resulting in increasing bowing of the leg in addition to lateral knee thrust with lateral collateral ligament laxity. Our rationale is that Blount disease has a bony and ligamentous laxity element of the lateral collateral ligament that can be corrected simultaneously through hemiepiphysiodesis of the tibia and epiphysiodesis of proximal fibula physis by cannulated screws.

Patients and Methods:
This is a retrospective study conducted on 23 limbs with tibia vara treated between 2010 and 2017 followed up for 2 to 6 years. Ages ranged from 9 to 13 years with a late-onset type of Blount disease. We used a percutaneous transphyseal fully threaded screws traversing the proximal tibial lateral hemiepiphysis, and another screw inserted traversing the proximal fibular epiphysis.

Results:
There was a statistically significant improvement of the radiographic parameters, especially in the form of joint line congruence angle in both supine and standing positions. All patients were clinically and radiographically completely corrected without complications, except 1 patient with a surgical site superficial infection, treated medically.

Conclusion:
Fibular-guided growth surgery with lateral proximal tibia epiphysiodesis is a minimally invasive technique that improves the corrective power of hemiepyphysiodesis of the posterolateral compartment of the knee.

Level of Evidence:
Level IV, retrospective case series.
Efficacy and clinical outcome of chemotherapy and endocrine therapy as first-line treatment in patients with hormone receptor-positive HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer
Authors: Yuan Yang , Zhang Shaohua , Wang Tao , Bian Li , Yan Min , Yin Yongmei , Song Yuhua , Wen Yi , Li Jianbin , Jiang Zefei 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background:
Endocrine therapy (ET) and ET-based regimens are the preferred first-line treatment options for hormone receptor (HR)-positive and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative metastatic breast cancer (HR+/HER2– MBC), while chemotherapy (CT) is commonly used in clinical practice. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy and clinical outcome of ET and CT as first-line treatment in Chinese patients with HR+/HER2– MBC.

Methods:
Patients with HR+/HER2– MBC were screened from the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology Breast Cancer database between January 1st, 1996 and September 30th, 2018. The initial and maintenance first-line treatment, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) of patients were analyzed.

Results:
Among the 1877 included patients, 1215 (64.7%) received CT and 662 (35.3%) received ET as initial first-line treatment. There were no statistically significant differences in PFS and OS between patients receiving ET and CT as initial first-line treatment in the total population (PFS: 12.0 vs. 11.0 months, P = 0.22; OS: 54.0 vs. 49.0 months, P =0.09) and propensity score matched population. For patients without disease progression after at least 3 months of initial therapy, maintenance ET following initial CT (CT-ET cohort, n = 449) and continuous schedule of ET (ET cohort, n = 527) had longer PFS than continuous schedule of CT (CT cohort, n = 406) in the total population (CT-ET cohort vs. CT cohort: 17.0 vs. 8.5 months; P <0.01; ET cohort vs. CT cohort: 14.0 vs. 8.5 months; P <0.01) and propensity score matched population. OS in the three cohorts yielded the same results as PFS.

Conclusions:
ET was associated with similar clinical outcome to CT as initial first-line treatment. For patients without disease progression after initial CT, switching to maintenance ET showed superiority in clinical outcome over continuous schedule of CT.
Bilateral Irreversible Amantadine-Related Corneal Edema Successfully Treated With Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty (DMEK)
Authors: Sierra Patricia Beatriz , Sierra Mendoza Mariela 
Published: April 2023

Abstract:
Corneal edema is a recognized adverse reaction of chronic amantadine hydrochloride use. Fortunately, it is usually reversible with prompt discontinuation of the medication. We report a case of a patient with schizoaffective disorder–bipolar treated with high doses of amantadine for drug-induced akathisia, who developed irreversible bilateral severe corneal edema, and was successfully treated with Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK). This case highlights the importance of recognizing amantadine-induced endothelial toxicity and confirms the utility of DMEK in the treatment of the condition.