bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Beyond COVID‐19: Reported clinical practices in maternity care in Victoria during the COVID‐19 pandemic and implications for the future – A statewide review
Authors: Forster Della A. , Hyde Rebecca , Matthews Robyn , Benzie Charlie A. 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundIn Australia, during the COVID‐19 pandemic many routine pregnancy visits were replaced by telehealth, along with changes to routine screening and visitor policies. Many providers plan to continue these changes.AimsDescribe changes to maternity care provision across the state of Victoria during the COVID‐19 pandemic.Materials and MethodsA population‐based cross‐sectional design was used. Managers of maternity services (public and private) were invited to complete a questionnaire by telephone or online exploring changes to care delivery, telehealth practices, perceived impact of changes and future telehealth implementation.ResultsFifty per cent of maternity service managers (34/68; 27 public, six private) responded (March–April 2021). Around 50% of all pregnancy visits became telehealth, with multiple combinations of face‐to‐face and telehealth visits; 92% conducted the first (booking) appointment via telehealth. No specific gestational visit was conducted face‐to‐face by all services. Visits most likely to be face‐to‐face were at 39 and 40 weeks gestation (65%). For telehealth appointments, there was an ad hoc approach to routine screening, eg, measuring blood pressure (11% did not advise at all), fetal growth (26%—no specific strategy) and fetal heart rate (15%—no specific strategy). Over half (52%) would consider maintaining telehealth post‐pandemic.ConclusionsEven in a single state, there was great variation in what constitutes telehealth, when pregnant women should have face‐to‐face visits, and what routine screening in pregnancy should be maintained. This is concerning given over half the services are planning to continue telehealth post‐pandemic, despite the lack of evidence of safety, efficacy and input from women and clinicians.
German evidence‐ and consensus‐based guideline on the management of penile urethritis
Authors: Werner Ricardo Niklas , Vader Isabell , Abunijela Susan , Bickel Markus , Biel Anika , Boesecke Christoph , Branke Lisa , Bremer Viviane , Brockmeyer Norbert Hermann , Buder Susanne , Esser Stefan , Heuer Ruben , Köhn Frank‐Michael , Mais Andrea , Nast Alexander , Pennitz Antonia , Potthoff Anja , Rasokat Heinrich , Sabranski Michael , Schellberg Sven , Schmidt Axel Jeremias , Schmidt Sebastian , Schneidewind Laila , Schubert Sören , Schulte Caroline , Spinner Christoph , Spornraft‐Ragaller Petra , Sunderkötter Cord , Vester Udo , Zeyen Christoph , Jansen Klaus 
Published: January 2025

SummaryUrethritis is a common condition predominantly caused by sexually transmitted pathogens such as Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Mycoplasma genitalium. It is not possible to differentiate with certainty between pathogens on the basis of clinical characteristics alone. However, empirical antibiotic therapy is often initiated in clinical practice. The aim of this clinical practice guideline is to promote an evidence‐based syndrome‐orientated approach to the management of male adolescents and adults with symptoms of urethritis.Besides recommendations for the diagnosis, classification and choice of treatment, this guideline provides recommendations for the indication to empirically treat patients with penile urethritis. A novel feature compared to existing, pathogen‐specific guidelines is the inclusion of a flowchart for the syndrome‐orientated practical management. For suspected gonococcal urethritis requiring empirical treatment, ceftriaxone is recommended. Due to the risk of Chlamydia trachomatis co‐infection, doxycycline should also be prescribed, unless follow‐up for the treatment of possible co‐infections is assured. For suspected non‐gonococcal urethritis, doxycycline is the recommended empirical treatment. In the empiric treatment of both gonococcal and non‐gonococcal penile urethritis, azithromycin is reserved for cases where doxycycline is contraindicated. This guideline also includes detailed recommendations on differential diagnosis, pathogen‐specific treatments and specific situations, as well as patient counselling and follow‐up.
First report of Eutetranychus orientalis (Klein, 1936) (Acari, Tetranychidae), found in citrus orchards in Eastern Sicily
Authors: Tropea Garzia Giovanna , Tumminelli Riccardo , Ben Hmad Eya , Massimino Cocuzza Giuseppe 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe presence of the brown citrus mite, or oriental red mite, Eutetranychus orientalis, a species in the EPPO A2 list of pests recommended for regulation as a quarantine pest, is reported in Italy for the first time. The mite has been found in several locations in the territory of Eastern Sicily, the largest citrus‐growing area of Italy. To confirm the identity of the species, specimens were collected and characterized using morphological methods. The species has been present in several countries of the Mediterranean basin for many years. The survey was carried out following reports from several citrus growers alarmed by the unusually high numbers of mites on citrus plants. The main biological characteristics, distinctive morphological traits compared to similar species, and details of the phytosanitary management of E. orientalis are also provided.
A Physics‐Guided Neural Network for Probabilistic Fatigue Life Prediction Under Multiple Overload Effects
Authors: Jiang Shan , Zhang Yingchun , Zhang Wei 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTA Physics‐guided Neural Network (PgNN) is proposed to provide a robust probability distribution of fatigue life under arbitrary multiple overloads, which integrates the physical mechanism model (PMM) and neural network (NN). Notably, the proposed PgNNs are trained solely using data under constant amplitude loading scenarios. Firstly, a PMM is developed to predict fatigue life based on linear elastic fracture mechanics, considering crack closure. A data preprocessing approach informing PMM is presented, transforming arbitrary overload conditions into equivalent constant amplitude loading with stress ratio . Moreover, a back‐propagation NN is constructed, where a loss function integrating the PMM and mean square error is designed. The PgNN framework encompasses the uncertainties associated with stress levels, material coefficients and equivalent initial flaw size. The fatigue data of aluminum alloy 7075‐T6 and Al‐Li alloy 2060 are used for model validation. The results affirm that the PgNN exhibits superior accuracy and robustness.
Critical Analysis of the Systems Used to Reduce Self‐Heating in Polymer Composites Subjected to Very High Cycle Fatigue Regimes
Authors: Reis P. N. B. , Katunin A. , Amraei J. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe self‐heating effect occurring during fatigue loading of polymer‐matrix composites remains to be a significant problem due to its role in accelerating structural lifespan degradation. This is especially challenging when accelerated tests are applied at very high‐frequency regimes since without cooling the tested structure is dominated by this phenomenon and rapidly reaching critical temperature value, and finally fails prematurely. This study reviews the approaches to reduce self‐heating effect through the modification of materials systems to increase heat transfer and by applying specific load sequences or external cooling systems. The authors describe the possibility of hybridizing the reinforcement to obtain multifunctionality and an overall improvement in mechanical and thermal performance of the composites, as well as applying surface cooling techniques with the physical limitations of their applications. The results of this review demonstrate the practical possibilities of applying cooling approaches to reduce the negative impact of self‐heating on structural residual life.
Prevalence and Factors Associated With Depression and Depressive Symptoms Among Chinese Older Persons: An Integrative Review
Authors: Wu Yue , Cornally Nicola , O'Donovan Aine , Kilty Caroline , Li Anqi , Wills Teresa 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTChina is the country with the largest population of older persons. Depression is the most common mental health issue among older adults, a trend expected to increase as societies continue to age. With the global increase in depression and depressive symptoms among this demographic, the resulting disease burden poses a significant challenge to health and social care systems in China. To map, summarise and examine the empirical literature on the prevalence and factors associated with depression and depressive symptoms in Chinese older adults, an integrative literature review was conducted informed by the guidelines of Whittemore and Knafl. The literature search encompassed EMBASE, SCOPUS, CINAHL, Web of Science, PubMed, PsycINFO, SocINDEX, China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database and Wanfang Database. The review included 65 studies, 29 in English and 36 in Chinese. The reported prevalence of depression or depressive symptoms in Chinese older adults was 3.78%–84.3%. Based on the biopsychosocial model, the associated factors were clustered as follows: biological factors (physical health, disability, drug effects, gender, age, diets, physical activities), psychological factors (self‐esteem, coping skills, trauma, emotions, beliefs, hobbies, lifestyle) and social factors (family relationships, peers, family circumstances, school, residential areas, social support, social structure). This review synthesised research on depression among older adults in China, highlighting varying prevalence across diverse geographical locations. Given the high prevalence among certain older Chinese cohorts, the early identification and assessment of the factors associated with depression is essential to reducing disease burden. The use of the biopsychosocial model provided a theoretical lens to examine depression in this population in an integrative and holistic way. Thus, furthering understanding of the factors that require close consideration in future research and practice innovations on depression in older persons.
Association of Total Mortality and Cardiovascular Endpoints With the Timing of the First and Second Systolic Peak of the Aortic Pulse Wave
Authors: Cheng Yi‐Bang , An De‐Wei , Aparicio Lucas S. , Huang Qi‐Fang , Yu Yu‐Ling , Sheng Chang‐Sheng , Niiranen Teemu J. , Wei Fang‐Fei , Boggia José , Stolarz‐Skrzypek Katarzyna , Gilis‐Malinowska Natasza , Tikhonoff Valérie , Wojciechowska Wiktoria , Casiglia Edoardo , Narkiewicz Krzysztof , Yang Wen‐Yi , Filipovský Jan , Kawecka‐Jaszcz Kalina , Wang Ji‐Guang , Nawrot Tim S. , Li Yan , Staessen Jan A. ,   the International Database of Central Arterial Properties for Risk Stratification (IDCARS) Investigators
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTPrognostic significance of the timing in the cardiac cycle of the first (TP1) and second (TP2) systolic peak of the central aortic pulse wave is ill‐defined. Incidence rates and standardized multivariable‐adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) of adverse health outcomes associated with TP1 and TP2, estimated by the SphygmoCor software, were assessed in the International Database of Central Arterial Properties for Risk Stratification (IDCARS) (n = 5529). Model refinement was assessed by the integrated discrimination (ID) and net reclassification (NR) improvement. Over 4.1 years (median), 201 participants died and 248 and 159 patients experienced cardiovascular or cardiac endpoints. Mean TP1 and TP2, standardized for cohort, sex, age, and heart rate, were 103 and 228 ms. Shorter TP1 and TP2 were associated with higher mortality and shorter TP1 with a higher risk of cardiovascular and cardiac endpoints (trend p ≤ 0.004). The HRs relating total mortality and cardiovascular endpoints to TP2 were 0.82 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.72–0.94) and 0.87 (0.77–0.98), respectively. The HR relating cardiac endpoints to TP1 was 0.81 (0.68–0.97). For total mortality and cardiovascular endpoints in relation to TP2, NRI was significant (p ≤ 0.010), but not for cardiac endpoints in relation to TP1. Integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) was not significant for any endpoint. The HRs relating total mortality to TP2 were smaller (p ≤ 0.026) in women than men (0.67 vs. 0.95) and in older (≥ 60 years) versus younger (< 60 years) participants (0.80 vs. 0.88). Our study adds to the evidence supporting risk stratification based on aortic pulse analysis by showing that TP2 and TP1 carry prognostic information.
Dissecting Causal Relationships Between Antihypertensive Drug, Gut Microbiota, and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Its Complications: A Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Zheng He , Wu Shiping , Wang Wenbin , Qiu Weida , Feng Yingqing 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTLimited research has investigated the impact of antihypertensive medications on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and whether gut microbiome (GM) mediates this association. Thus, we conducted a two‐sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to estimate the potential impact of various antihypertensive drug target genes on T2DM and its complications. Genetic instruments for the expression of antihypertensive drug target genes were identified with expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) in blood, which should be associated with systolic blood pressure (SBP). Sensitivity analysis, including reverse causality detection, horizontal pleiotropy, phenotype scanning, and Bayesian colocalization, was used to validate our findings. We performed a two‐step MR to detect the mediating role of GM. A 1‐standard deviation (SD) decrease of KCNJ11 (acting on arteriolar smooth muscle, e.g., Pinacidil) gene expression was associated with lower SBP of 1.12 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.93–1.31) mmHg, and a decreased risk of diabetic retinopathy (odds ratio [OR], 0.63; 95% CI, 0.52–0.76). Similarly, a 1‐SD decrease of SLC12A2 (genetically a proxy for diuretics, for example, Torasemide) gene expression was correlated with a reduced risk of T2DM (OR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.83–0.92). Interestingly, this causal effect was influenced by a decrease in the gut microbiota abundance of the genus Ruminococcus (effect proportion = 11.2%). Colocalization supports these results (KCNJ11: 98% for diabetic retinopathy; SLC12A2: 99% for T2DM). Findings provide novel targets for the treatment of T2DM and its complications, emphasize the importance of KCNJ11 and SLC12A2 in future drug development, and highlight the significant mediating role of the genus Ruminococcus.
Impact of Systolic Blood Pressure Trajectories and Variability on Unexplained Early Neurological Deterioration Post‐Endovascular Treatment in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients
Authors: Gao Xuxuan , Wu Qiheng , Ma Yu , Ren Yueran , Chen Jiaying , Lin Xiaofei , Ye Lianghao , Song Wei , Zhu Jiajia , Yin Jia 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTEarly neurological deterioration (END) following endovascular treatment (EVT) in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients is associated with poor long‐term outcomes. Although unstable systolic blood pressure (SBP) after EVT is recognized as a risk factor for END, it remains unclear whether this association persists after excluding identifiable causes of END. In this prospective, observational cohort study, AIS patients who underwent EVT within 24 h of stroke onset were included. Invasive arterial blood pressure (BP) monitoring recorded hourly BP readings during the first 24 h post‐EVT. Unexplained END was defined as an increase of ≥4 points in the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score 24 h after EVT without any identifiable cause. Two distinct SBP trajectories—high and low—were identified within 24 h post‐EVT. The high‐trajectory group, characterized by elevated mean SBP and increased SBP variability (SBPV), exhibited a significantly higher incidence of unexplained END (odds ratio [OR] = 3.28, p < 0.01). SBPV alone was an independent risk factor for unexplained END (OR = 1.11, p < 0.05). Moreover, patients with both higher mean SBP and increased SBPV had a markedly greater risk of unexplained END (OR = 13.79, p < 0.05). Notably, the harmful threshold for SBPV was lower during nighttime compared to daytime. These findings suggest that increased SBPV, particularly when combined with elevated mean SBP, significantly heightens the risk of unexplained END post‐EVT. Therefore, comprehensive post‐EVT blood pressure management should address both absolute BP levels and BPV, with particular emphasis on nighttime monitoring, to optimize early neurological recovery.
Gender Differences in Blood Pressure Control Among Hypertensive Patients: A Cross‐Sectional Study at a Tertiary Hospital
Authors: Alhawari Hussein , Albdour Zain , Alshelleh Sameeha , Musleh Joud , Qouzah Tala , Qudisat Tala , Al‐Sukhon Diala , Albdour Karam 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTOur study aims to assess gender differences in blood pressure (BP) control among hypertensive patients in Jordan and identify factors influencing these differences. We conducted a cross‐sectional study at Jordan University Hospital (JUH), collecting data from 601 hypertensive patients following up in JUH clinics. Patients were eligible if they were >18 years old, diagnosed with hypertension, taking anti‐hypertensive medication for at least 6 months, and had no chronic kidney disease. BP control was defined as systolic BP <140 mmHg and diastolic BP <90 mmHg. Poor BP control was observed in 59.1% of females and 62.7% of males. Females demonstrated better BP control, even though they had lower incomes, lower education levels, and higher BMIs compared to males. Among females, good medication adherence (p = 0.042) was linked to improved control, while stress and a history of preeclampsia were negatively associated (p = 0.01 and p = 0.030, respectively). Among males, concurrent systemic medication use (p = 0.025) was a positive predictor of BP control, whereas smoking negatively impacted BP control (p = 0.019). Home BP monitoring was common but did not improve control in either gender. In conclusion, females showed better outcomes in BP management, largely due to treatment adherence. A history of preeclampsia and high stress was linked to poorer control in females. Both genders were aware of normal BP levels, but females were more preemptive in maintaining control. To improve hypertension care, we should consider these differences when treating patients.
Impact of particulate matter exposure on melanoma risk: A multicentre case–control study
Authors: Bellinato Francesco , Adami Giovanni , Reatini Maria Antonietta , Cattani Giorgio , Cannizzaro Maria Vittoria , Del Regno Laura , Peris Ketty , Gisondi Paolo , Girolomoni Giampiero 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundThe relationship between particulate matter (PM) exposure and melanoma risk remains largely unexplored. This study aims to investigate the association between PM10 and PM2.5 long‐term exposure and melanoma risk.MethodsCase–control study involving 2575 participants, comprising 1473 melanoma patients and 1102 healthy controls attending Departments of Dermatology of University Hospital in North and Central Italy. Demographic data, smoking status, history of sunburns and skin type were collected. PM10 and PM2.5 exposure levels were estimated for each participant's residential address using a Bayesian hierarchical model, providing daily concentrations at a 1 km2 spatial resolution from 2013 to 2021. Logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the association between PM exposure and melanoma risk, adjusting for potential confounders.ResultsMelanoma patients and controls were 52% males and had a mean age of 63.89 and 61.66 years, respectively. The majority of melanoma patients had Fitzpatrick phototypes 2 (59%) and 3 (36%). There were no significant differences in the geographical distribution of cases and controls based on ZIP codes (p = 0.894). The average melanoma Breslow thickness was 1.01 mm, with 68.15% of cases diagnosed at stage 0 and IA. The multivariate logistic regression revealed a protective effect for higher PM10 (OR = 0.89, 95%CI: 0.86–0.92, p < 0.001) and PM2.5 levels (OR = 0.72, 95%CI: 0.68–0.76, p < 0.001). Darker skin phototypes (Fitzpatrick 4) and cigarette smoking were also associated with a reduced risk of melanoma.ConclusionsHigher levels of PM10 and PM2.5 may have a protective effect against melanoma, potentially due to the reduction in ultraviolet radiation exposure. Further research to understand the complex interactions between environmental factors and melanoma risk are needed.
Flood Frequency Analysis in West Africa
Authors: Diop Serigne Bassirou , Tramblay Yves , Bodian Ansoumana , Ekolu Job , Rouché Nathalie , Dieppois Bastien 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTDevastating flood events are recurrently impacting West Africa. To mitigate flood impacts and reduce the vulnerability of populations, a better knowledge on the frequency of these events is crucial. The lack of reliable hydrometric datasets has hitherto been a major limitation in flood frequency analysis at the scale of West Africa. Utilising a recently developed African database, we perform a flood frequency analysis on the annual maximum flow (AMF) time series, covering 246 river basins in West Africa, between 1975 and 2018. Generalized extreme value (GEV) and Gumbel probability distributions were compared to fit AMF time series with the L‐moments, Maximum Likelihood (MLE) and Generalized Maximum Likelihood (GMLE) methods. Results indicated that the GEV distribution with the GMLE method provided the best results. Regional envelope curves covering the entire West African region with unprecedented data coverage have been generated for the first‐time providing insights for the estimation in flood quantiles for ungauged basins. The correlation between flood quantiles and watershed properties shows significant correlations with catchment area, groundwater storage, altitude and topographic wetness index. The findings from this study are useful for a better flood risk assessment and the design of hydraulic infrastructures in this region, and are a first step prior to the development of regional approaches to transfer the information from gauged sites to ungauged catchments.
Path analysis of factors influencing registered nurses' safety behavior in China: A mediation effect model
Authors: Yao Lili , Zhao Qinghua , Bai Dingqun , He Shan , Li Yuerong , Xiao Mingzhao , Luo Yetao , Liu Ling 
Published: January 2025

AbstractObjectiveThis study aims to examine the current state, influencing factors, and pathways of safety behavior among registered nurses in China, thereby providing a theoretical framework for enhancing safety behavior levels among registered nurses.MethodsThe research involved the recruitment of registered nurses in Chongqing, China, utilizing the snowball sampling technique from July 2022 to May 2023.ResultsA total of 3244 registered nurses from 115 hospitals in Chongqing participated in the study. The mediation effect model demonstrated a good fit, with all variables accounting for 35% of the variance in safety behavior. The most significant influencing variables identified were perceived organizational support, patient safety competency, satisfaction with information systems, and patient safety training, with total effects of .44, .15, .12, and .12, respectively.ConclusionThe mediation effect model revealed that perceived organizational support has a direct impact on safety behavior and can also influence safety behavior indirectly through patient safety competency. It is crucial to continuously enhance the patient safety competency of registered nurses, cultivate a supportive and compassionate organizational culture, encourage the implementation of safety behavior among nursing personnel, and ultimately ensure patient safety.