bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Needlescopic sutureless repair of congenital inguinal hernia: A randomized controlled study
Authors: Shalaby Rafik , Abdelmaboud Mohamed , Daboos Mohammad , Mohamed Yousef , Helal Ahmed Abdelghafar , Gamman Ibrahim 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCongenital inguinal hernia [CIH] can be treated laparoscopically using various methods documented in the literature. Many authors have recommended dividing the sac and stitching peritoneal defects. Other studies claimed that peritoneal disconnection alone is sufficient. In this study, the feasibility, operative time, recurrence rate, and other postoperative complications of needlescopic disconnection of the CIH sac with or without peritoneal defect suturing were compared. A prospective controlled randomized trial was conducted between January 2020 and December 2022. Two hundred and thirty patients who met the study requirements were included. Patients were assigned at random to either Group A or Group B. A group of 116 patients (Group A) had needlescopic separation of the neck of the sac and peritoneal defect closure. The remaining 114 patients (Group B) underwent needlescopic separation without peritoneal defect closure (Sutureless group). A total of 260 hernial defects in 230 patients were repaired using needlescopic disconnection with or without suturing of the defect. There were 89 females (38.7%) and 141 males (61.3%), with a mean age of 5.14 ± 2.79 years. In Group A, the mean operation time was 27.98 ± 2.89 for a unilateral hernia and 37.29 ± 4.68 for a bilateral one, whereas, in Group B, the mean operation time was 20.37 ± 2.37 and 23.38 ± 2.22 for a unilateral and bilateral hernia, respectively. In terms of the operating time, whether unilateral or bilateral, there was a significant difference between the groups. There was no significant difference between groups A and B in the mean Internal Ring Diameter [IRD], which was 1.21 ± 0.18 cm in group A and 1.19 ± 0.11 cm in group B. Throughout the follow-up period, there was no postoperative hydrocele formation, recurrence, iatrogenic ascending of the testes, or testicular atrophy. All patients had nearly invisible scars with no keloid development at 3 months follow-up. Needlescopically separating the hernia sac without stitching the peritoneal defect is feasible, safe, and less invasive. It provides outstanding cosmetic results with a short operative time and no recurrence.
Untersuchung der Einstellung zu Inklusion: Validierung und faktorenanalytische Überprüfung einer Kurzversion der PREIS-Skala
Authors: Bruns Gunnar , Lüke Timo , Gresch Cornelia , Grosche Michael 
Published: June 2023

ZusammenfassungDer Zusammenhang von Einstellungen mit Verhaltensweisen gilt gemäß der Theorie des geplanten Verhaltens im Allgemeinen als gut belegt. Um untersuchen zu können, ob eine positive Einstellung zu einem inklusiven Schulsystem mit Verhaltensweisen zusammenhängt, welche die Umsetzung von Inklusion begünstigen, wurde eine Professionsunabhängige Einstellungsskala zum Inklusiven Schulsystem (PREIS) mit 14 Items entwickelt. In diesem Beitrag wird für die Kurzskala (PREIS-K) mit kurzer Instruktion und 6 Items geprüft, ob die eindimensionale Faktorenstruktur, die Messäquivalenz zwischen Personengruppen und die konvergente Validität weiterhin gegeben sind. N = 1038 Lehrkräfte und N = 1438 Eltern beantworteten im Rahmen einer nationalen Vergleichsstudie zur Inklusion in der Sekundarstufe die PREIS‑K. Ein Bifaktor-Modell mit Berücksichtigung eines Methodenfaktors für positiv und negativ formulierte Items passt besser zu den Daten als ein Einfaktor-Modell. Die Messinvarianz zwischen Lehrkräften und Eltern ist auf skalarer Ebene gegeben, innerhalb der Lehrkräfte (zwischen sonderpädagogischen und allgemeinen Lehrkräften) kann sogar von residualer Messinvarianz ausgegangen werden. Positive hypothesenkonforme Korrelationen mit konvergenten Variablen sind nachweisbar. Insgesamt ermöglicht die PREIS‑K eine valide und ökonomische Überprüfung der Einstellungen zu einem inklusiven Schulsystem. Vergleiche der Einstellungen von Personengruppen sind mit der PREIS‑K möglich. Aufgrund ihrer Kürze sowie den bereits durchlaufenen ministeriellen Genehmigungsverfahren eignet sich die PREIS‑K auch für groß angelegte Vergleichs- und Längsschnittstudien.
Prädiktoren des schulischen Wohlbefindens während der COVID-19 Pandemie. Empirische Befunde einer Befragung von Kindern und Jugendlichen in zwei deutschen Großstädten
Authors: Grommé Eva , Nonte Sonja , Reintjes Christian 
Published: June 2023

ZusammenfassungDie während der COVID-19-Pandemie ergriffenen Maßnahmen haben zu tiefgreifenden Veränderungen im schulischen Kontext sowie der Freizeitgestaltung von Kindern und Jugendlichen geführt. In Folge der Schulschließungen und Kontaktbeschränkungen zeigen sich Lernrückstände, aber auch Belastungen der mentalen Gesundheit. Bildungspolitisch werden stark variierende Aufholstrategien avisiert. Osnabrück setzte entsprechend ein datengestütztes Monitoring um, wobei im Juni 2021 und Mai 2022 Online-Befragungen in Form halbstandardisierter Fragebögen durchgeführt wurden („Muntermacher“, zweite Erhebungn = 534). Im Mai 2022 schloss sich Mülheim an der Ruhr an („Schule und Corona“,n = 995). Es wird anhand hierarchisch-linearer Regressionsmodelle untersucht, wie sich das schulische Wohlbefinden von Kindern und Jugendlichen in Osnabrück und Mülheim beschreiben lässt und welche Rolle der häusliche Hintergrund, institutionelle Merkmale sowie Indikatoren des Pandemiemanagements spielen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass das schulische Wohlbefinden in beiden Städten hoch ausgeprägt ist. Der wahrgenommene Umgang mit Schulschließungen zeigt sich als signifikant negativer Prädiktor. Die wahrgenommene soziale Unterstützung zu Hause hat in beiden Städten einen positiven Einfluss. Auch die Bereitschaft, sich bei Problemen an die Klassenlehrkraft zu wenden, steht in Mülheim in einem positiven Zusammenhang mit dem schulischen Wohlbefinden. Die Relevanz individueller, häuslicher und schulischer Ressourcen unterscheidet sich teils regional. Die Befunde verdeutlichen, dass die Folgen der Pandemie nicht einseitig betrachtet werden dürfen und institutionelle Unterstützung evidenzbasiert sowie lösungsorientiert auf regionaler Ebene gewährleistet werden muss.
Serum zonulin levels are increased in Alzheimer’s disease but not in vascular dementia
Authors: Boschetti Elisa , Caio Giacomo , Cervellati Carlo , Costanzini Anna , Rosta Valentina , Caputo Fabio , De Giorgio Roberto , Zuliani Giovanni 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Zonulin is involved in the integrity and functioning of both intestinal-epithelial barrier and blood–brain barrier (BBB) by regulating tight junction molecular assembly.

Aim
Since changes in microbiota and BBB may play a role in neurodegenerative disorders, we aimed to determine whether serum zonulin levels change in older patients affected by different types of dementia or mild cognitive impairment (MCI).

Methods
We evaluated serum zonulin levels in patients with late-onset AD (LOAD), vascular dementia (VAD), MIXED (AD + VAD) dementia, amnestic MCI, and in healthy controls.

Results
Compared with controls, serum zonulin increased in LOAD, MIXED dementia, and aMCI but not in VAD, independent of potential confounders (ANCOVA p = 0.01; LOAD vs controls, p = 0.01; MIXED vs. controls, p = 0.003; aMCI vs. controls, p = 0.04). Notably, aMCI converting to dementia showed significantly higher levels of zonulin compared with stable aMCI (p = 0.04). Serum zonulin inversely correlated with the standardized Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score (p < 0.05), regardless of potential confounders.

Discussion
We found increased serum zonulin levels in patients with aMCI, LOAD and MIXED dementia, but not in VAD; moreover, zonulin levels were higher in aMCI converting to AD compared with stable ones.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that a dysregulation of intestinal-epithelial barrier and/or BBB may be an early specific event in AD-related neurodegeneration.
SARS-CoV-2 infection: a possible trigger for the recurrence of IgA nephropathy after kidney transplantation?
Authors: Jankowski Eric , Schlosser Mandy , Wiech Thorsten , Wolf Gunter , Busch Martin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractImmunoglobulin A nephropathy, the most common primary glomerulonephritis worldwide, is a leading cause of chronic kidney disease and end-stage kidney failure. Several cases of immunoglobulin A nephropathy relapse in native kidneys have been described after COVID-19 vaccination or SARS-CoV-2 infection. Here, we report the case of a 52-year-old kidney transplant recipient who had a stable transplant function for more than 14 years, with a glomerular filtration rate above 30 ml/min/1.73 m2. The patient had been vaccinated against COVID-19 four times with the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine, most recently in March 2022. Eight weeks after a symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection in June 2022, his glomerular filtration rate had decreased by more than 50%, and his proteinuria increased to 17.5 g per day. A renal biopsy indicated highly active immunoglobulin A nephritis. Despite steroid therapy, the function of the transplanted kidney deteriorated, and long-term dialysis became necessary because of recurrence of his underlying renal disease. This case report provides what is, to our knowledge, the first description of recurrent immunoglobulin A nephropathy in a kidney transplant recipient after SARS-CoV-2 infection leading to severe transplant failure and finally graft loss.
Heteroatom-Induced Accelerated Kinetics on Nickel Selenide for Highly Efficient Hydrazine-Assisted Water Splitting and Zn-Hydrazine Battery
Authors: Wang Hao-Yu , Wang Lei , Ren Jin-Tao , Tian Wen-Wen , Sun Ming-Lei , Yuan Zhong-Yong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHydrazine-assisted water electrolysis is a promising energy conversion technology for highly efficient hydrogen production. Rational design of bifunctional electrocatalysts, which can simultaneously accelerate hydrogen evolution reaction (HER)/hydrazine oxidation reaction (HzOR) kinetics, is the key step. Herein, we demonstrate the development of ultrathin P/Fe co-doped NiSe2 nanosheets supported on modified Ni foam (P/Fe-NiSe2) synthesized through a facile electrodeposition process and subsequent heat treatment. Based on electrochemical measurements, characterizations, and density functional theory calculations, a favorable “2 + 2” reaction mechanism with a two-step HER process and a two-step HzOR step was fully proved and the specific effect of P doping on HzOR kinetics was investigated. P/Fe-NiSe2 thus yields an impressive electrocatalytic performance, delivering a high current density of 100 mA cm−2 with potentials of − 168 and 200 mV for HER and HzOR, respectively. Additionally, P/Fe-NiSe2 can work efficiently for hydrazine-assisted water electrolysis and Zn-Hydrazine (Zn-Hz) battery, making it promising for practical application.
Design and Experimentation of a Novel Separable Vibration-Assisted Stage
Authors: Song Bowen , Jing Xiubing , Ren Yingying , Ren Yongqin , Li Huaizhong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this paper, a novel, separable two-degrees-of-freedom stage with high-precision motion and resolution is proposed for the application of vibration-assisted micromilling. A separable design was realized on the basis of the detachable structure of the platform. Flexible stages with different dimensions and types can be utilized in the devices. A circular-fillet hinge is selected as the flexible unit with a parallel structure to realize output decoupling and reduce the coupling error between the two vibration directions. Analytical modeling is conducted to explore the static and dynamic characteristics of the stage. Results reveal a good agreement with the finite element simulation result. A series of experiments were conducted to assess the static and dynamic performances of the flexible stage, encompassing tests such as amplitude response, motion trajectory, and coupling trajectory. The results of these tests revealed that the designed vibration-assisted system exhibits precise movement capabilities.
Lernen aus Beispielen – eine Studie zu Vergleichsprozessen von Schülerinnen und Schülern zum Hebelgesetz
Authors: Oberfell Heiko , Lohrmann Katrin , Hartinger Andreas 
Published: June 2023

ZusammenfassungStudien zeigen, dass der didaktisch angeregte Vergleich von Beispielen sowohl den Erwerb von Wissen als auch die Fähigkeit zum Transfer fördert. Offen ist allerdings, wie Schülerinnen und Schüler didaktisch initiierte Vergleichsprozesse in Lern- und in Transfersituationen nutzen und wie ihnen dabei das In-Beziehung-Setzen von tiefenstrukturell relevanten Merkmalen (Mapping) zwischen den Beispielen gelingt. In der vorliegenden Studie werden solche Mappingprozesse von Grundschulkindern untersucht; dazu wurde mit 26 Kindern der zweiten Jahrgangsstufe ein halbstrukturiertes Einzelinterview durchgeführt. Dieses beinhaltete eine Lern- und eine Transfersituation; in jeder Situation dienten zwei Phänomene zum Hebelgesetz als Beispiele. Das Interview wurde videografiert, um sprachliche und gestische Handlungen der Kinder zu erfassen. Die Äußerungen der Kinder zu einem offenen Impuls sowie zu anschließenden fokussierten Impulsen wurden transkribiert und sowohl entlang deduktiv angelegter als auch induktiv entwickelter Kategorien mithilfe der inhaltlich strukturierenden Inhaltsanalyse ausgewertet. Die Befunde zeigen, dass der Mehrzahl der Schülerinnen und Schüler bereits bei einem offenen Impuls das Mapping auf tiefenstruktureller Ebene gelingt. Auch gelingt es den meisten, in einer auf die Lernsituation folgenden Transferaufgabe gemeinsame Elemente zwischen den Beispielen zu benennen bzw. einen Distraktor als solchen zu erkennen. Die Daten zeigen zudem, dass die Qualität des Mappings durch gezielte Impulse verbessert werden kann. Die Befunde werden anhand von Interviewausschnitten der Kinder illustriert und abschließend diskutiert.
Dialogische Unterrichtsgespräche führen: Einstellungen von angehenden Grundschullehrpersonen im Langzeitpraktikum
Authors: Hickethier Florentine , Gröschner Alexander , Calcagni Elisa , Gold Bernadette , Müller Madeleine , Dehne Mathias 
Published: June 2023

ZusammenfassungUnterrichtsgespräche stellen die gängige Praxis der Interaktion zwischen Lehrpersonen und Schüler*innen dar. Die Etablierung lernförderlicher Unterrichtsgespräche stellt Lehrpersonen allerdings häufig vor Herausforderungen. Die Forschung zeigt, dass Einstellungen zur dialogischen Unterrichtsgesprächsführung, die als besonders lernförderlich gelten, für eine erfolgreiche Umsetzung bedeutsam sind. Die Studie untersucht erstmals die Einstellungen zur dialogischen Unterrichtsgesprächsführung (Dialogic Teaching) von angehenden Grundschullehrpersonen im Verlauf ihres Langzeitpraktikums. Zudem werden die Einstellungen zur emotionalen Unterstützung von Schüler*innen sowie die Einstellungen zum Lehren und Lernen als Prädiktoren in den Blick genommen. In der Studie wurden N = 189 Studierende des Grundschullehramts zu Beginn und am Ende ihres Langzeitpraktikums befragt. Die Ergebnisse aus den Latent-Change-Modellen zeigen positive Veränderungen der drei Dimensionen von Dialogic Teaching: Sowohl in der (1) Rahmung dialogischer Gesprächsanlässe, (2) Initiierung von Schüler*innenbeiträgen und (3) Förderung dialogischer Beteiligung verändern sich die Einstellungen im Verlauf des Praktikums positiv. Des Weiteren sagen die Einstellungen zum konstruktivistischen Lernen und Lehren signifikant die Veränderungen in den Einstellungen zur Förderung dialogischer Beteiligung vorher. Im Beitrag werden Implikationen für die weitere Forschung und Lehrer*innenbildung aufgezeigt.
Dirac Geometry I: Commutative Algebra
Authors: Hesselholt Lars , Pstra̧gowski Piotr 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this paper and its sequel is to develop the geometry built from the commutative algebras that naturally appear as the homology of differential graded algebras and, more generally, as the homotopy of algebras in spectra. The commutative algebras in question are those in the symmetric monoidal category of graded abelian groups, and, being commutative, they form the affine building blocks of a geometry, as commutative rings form the affine building blocks of algebraic geometry. We name this geometry Dirac geometry, because the grading exhibits the hallmarks of spin in that it is a remnant of the internal structure encoded byanima, it distinguishes symmetric and anti-symmetric behavior, and the coherent cohomology of Dirac schemes and Dirac stacks, which we develop in the sequel, admits half-integer Serre twists. Thus, informally, Dirac geometry constitutes a “square root” of$$\mathbb {G}_m$$Gm-equivariant algebraic geometry.
Are Self-transcendent Emotions One Big Family? An Empirical Taxonomy of Positive Self-transcendent Emotion Labels
Authors: Abatista Angela Gaia F. , Cova Florian 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn the past decade, there has been a growing amount of research on so-called self-transcendent emotions, mainly in the domain of positive emotions. However, most candidate self-transcendent emotions (e.g., Awe, Gratitude, Being Moved, Wonder) have been studied in isolation, leaving the commonalities and the differences of their phenomenology unknown. In the present paper, we sought to identify the phenomenological nature of main families of self-transcendent emotions. We drew on two large datasets (N1 = 3,113; N2 = 1,443) in which participants had to recall an emotional episode or to watch emotional videos and had to report their emotions through a list of 40 emotion labels. Participants were also presented with a large list of items probing their cognitive appraisals, bodily feelings, and action tendencies. Using a principal component analysis, we identified three main dimensions of positive emotions: hedonic, social, and epistemic states. Candidate self-transcendent emotions were distributed across two dimensions, suggesting that at least two main different families of self-transcendent emotions should be distinguished. Our results also allowed us to identify self-reported cognitive appraisals, bodily feelings, and action tendencies characteristic of each family.
Injectable Platelet-Rich Fibrin in Contact with Bone Substitutes, Porous Zirconia, or Laser-Textured Implant Surfaces: A Detailed Morphological Analysis
Authors: Oliveira Miguel Noronha , Varela Hugo Almeida , Nascimento Rubens M. , Sahoo Narayan , Carvalho Oscar , Henriques Bruno , Souza Júlio C. M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to perform a detailed morphological analysis of an injectable platelet rich fibrin after combination with two different particulate hydroxyapatite-based granules, a porous zirconia block, and laser-textured zirconia or titanium surfaces. Blood samples were harvested from three participants to prepare the flowable injectable PRF in contact or not with particulate hydroxyapatite (Hap), bone mineral granules (DBBM), porous zirconia blocks, laser-textured titanium or zirconia surfaces. Optical and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to evaluate the fibrin network density, fibrin fibers’ diameter, blood cells, and the interaction of PRF with the biomaterials. Histomorphometry of the flowable PRF was also performed using the hematoxylin–eosin staining protocol. Specimens were independently evaluated by two blinded and well-trained researchers in histomorphometry and microscopy. Particulate Hap and DBBM shown different morphological aspects by SEM analyses since DBBM revealed macro- and micro-scale pores while Hap revealed a dense structure. Hydroxyapatite and DBBM granules were entirely embedded by the fibrin-network in the presence of leukocytes and blood platelets. The zirconia porous structured was filled with PRF and its components. Also, the laser-structured zirconia or implant surfaces were entirely coated with the PRF fibrin network embedding leukocytes and blood platelets. Laser-textured titanium surfaces revealed macro- and micro-scale irregularities that increase the surface area and retention of the injectable PRF. Histomorphometric analyses revealed complementary details on the distribution of lymphocytes, red blood cells, and fibrin associated with platelet aggregation. The flowing and viscosity of an injectable platelet rich fibrin provided an agglomeration of synthetic or xenogeneic particulate bone substitutes and the coating of porous zirconia and textured implant surfaces as inspected by scanning electron microscopy. A cross-linked 3D-fibrin network was noticed involving the particulate bone substitutes and clogging the spaces into porous blocks as well as at macro-/micro-scale valleys on laser-textured implant surfaces. On the reconstruction of larger bone defects, platelet rich fibrin should be mixed with inorganic bone substitutes and implant surfaces to speed up the early events of the bone ingrowth. In addition, the particulate bioactive ceramics, porous zirconia, and textured implant surfaces provide the mechanical stability of the bone tissues and the 3D-fibrin network for further stimulation of osteogenic cells leading to an enhanced bone healing.
Neural Monte Carlo rendering of finite-time Lyapunov exponent fields
Authors: Xi Yang , Luan Wanna , Tao Jun 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe finite-time Lyapunov exponent (FTLE) is widely used for understanding the Lagrangian behavior of unsteady flow fields. The FTLE field contains many important fine-level structures (e.g., Lagrangian coherent structures). These structures are often thin in depth, requiring Monte Carlo rendering for unbiased visualization. However, Monte Carlo rendering requires hundreds of billions of samples for a high-resolution FTLE visualization, which may cost up to hundreds of hours for rendering a single frame on a multi-core CPU. In this paper, we propose a neural representation of the flow map and FTLE field to reduce the cost of expensive FTLE computation. We demonstrate that a simple multi-layer perceptron (MLP)-based network can accelerate the FTLE computation by up to hundreds of times, and speed up the rendering by tens of times, while producing satisfactory rendering results. We also study the impact of the network size, the amount of training, and the predicted property, which may serve as guidance for selecting appropriate network structures.