bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of Strong Matter‐Field Coupling on Axial Complex Systems
Authors: Yousaf Z. , Bhatti M. Z. , Farwa U. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractEven though extended gravity theories have come up with different healthy measures of complexity for spherical and non‐spherical systems, the study of complexity factors for axially symmetric bodies under the influence of strong matter‐field coupling is still up for debate. The formation of complexity factors for static axially symmetric bodies is induced by the cracking of the Riemann curvature tensor in an orthogonal manner as initiated by Herrera et al. [Phys. Rev. D 99, 044049(2019)]. We provide the continuation of this work in the gravitational theory, where that indicates the powerful matter‐field coupling due to the bilateral influence of the curvature and matter tensors. We proceed our analysis by considering axial geometry confined with anisotropic fluid constituents. In this context, we compute the field equations for the system under discussion. To examine the source's energy content, two dynamical equations that correspond to independent coordinates are constructed. The curvature tensor is split into tensorial quantities to formulate the scalar functions (structure scalars), which involve the physical attributes of the source in the domain of high curvature regimes. Among all, three of the scalars 's are nominated as complexity factors, whose inclusion enhances the inhomogeneity of the propagating system. The vanishing complexity factors criteria are set out for the specific form of the cosmic model that provides the favorable setting to minimize the system's complexity and boost its stability. Furthermore, some analytical insights under various backgrounds of the matter spheroids are presented.
Optimal mission abort policy for a balanced system with a restricted mechanism
Authors: Dong Qinglai , Liu Pin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe balanced system often performs key missions in many fields, such as aerospace, new energy storage, and the military. However, the failure of the system can cause major losses. Therefore, the mission needs to be aborted when the risk of system failure is higher. In this paper, the optimal mission abort policy for a k‐out‐of‐n: F balanced system is studied. The system with a restricted mechanism consists of m sectors and there are n components in each sector, in which the components fail due to two situations: internal failure or external shocks. If the number of working components in m sectors is the same, the system is balanced. If one component fails, the system will force down or resume a component with a probability to keep balance. The model of the mentioned system is established, and the Markov process imbedding approach is used for deriving the reliability indices. Two optimization models are established according to two competitive abort criteria. Finally, an unmanned aerial vehicle performing a mission is discussed to illustrate the proposed mission abort policy.
Heterogeneous swarm control based on two‐layer topology
Authors: Chen Kang , Fan Chengli , Yang Zhanwei , Yu Dengxiu , Wang Zhen , Chen C. L. Philip 
Published: April 2023

SummaryIn this paper, we propose a heterogeneous swarm control method based on a two‐layer communication topology, which solves the problems of great difficulty in controller design and high computational complexity of communication topology in large‐scale heterogeneous swarm control. Firstly, we divide large‐scale heterogeneous swarms into several independent isomorphic sub‐swarm and design corresponding sub‐swarm controllers, which dramatically reduces the difficulty of swarm controller design. Secondly, we introduce a two‐layer communication topology to treat the followers in the first‐layer communication topology as leaders in the second‐layer communication topology, which establishes the connection between each sub‐swarm and the global leader and reduces the computational complexity of the communication topology. Finally, based on the two‐layer communication topology, the swarm controllers in the first‐layer and second‐layer communication topologies are designed using the sliding mode and dynamic surface methods. The Lyapunov function is designed to prove its stability. The simulation results verify the effectiveness of the controllers.
The Benefit of Early-Stage Diagnosis: A Registry-Based Survey Evaluating the Quality of Life in Patients with Melanoma
Authors: Young Jade N. , Griffith-Bauer Kelly , Hill Emma , Latour Emile , Samatham Ravikant , Leachman Sancy 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background
The morbidity associated with advanced stage melanoma is an important consideration in the dialog surrounding early detection and overdiagnosis. Few studies have stratified melanoma patient quality of life (QoL) by stage at diagnosis.

Objective
We sought to investigate if melanoma stage is independently associated with changes in QoL within a large, community-based melanoma registry. Secondarily, we investigated whether demographic factors such as age, geographic location or level of education are associated with changes in QoL in the same population.

Methods
1108 melanoma patients were surveyed over a three-month period using the QoL in Adult Cancer Survivors Survey, consisting of 47 items on a 7-point frequency scale. Data were analysed using both descriptive statistical models and adjusted multivariate logistic regression.

Results
There were 677 respondents generating a 61% response rate. Overall, higher stage at diagnosis correlated with the largest decreases in QoL as it pertained to both general (p = 0.001) and Cancer-Specific stressors (p &lt; 0.001). Education level (p = 0.020), age (p &lt; 0.001), rural area code designation (p = 0.020) and family history of melanoma (p = 0.017) were also independently associated with changes in QoL.

Conclusion
Earlier stage at melanoma diagnosis is associated with better QoL and thus represents a crucial intervention in patient care. Given our findings and the growing body of evidence surrounding morbidity in late-stage melanoma, it is essential that QoL be included in assessing the benefits of early detection.
Surface and Structural Modulation of Waste‐Derived, Boron‐Doped Carbon to Enhance its Adsorption Efficiency for Lead Removal from Wastewater
Authors: Aamir Hafiz Muhammad , Alexander Matthew L , ul Haq Tanveer 
Published: April 2023

AbstractLead is a common hazardous heavy metal found in agricultural soil and industrial wastewater. It is a dire need for society to remove lead from wastewater via a facile and cost‐effective route, which is needed to improve water quality. Here we obtain boron (B) doped porous carbon (BC) via two‐step thermal pyrolysis of waste tires, as it is a promising raw material. The B doping changes the coordination chemistry, physicochemical properties, and surface structure of carbon. The degree of graphitization, boron content, and pore size distribution of BC was controlled by thermal treatment and NaBH4 content. The surface topography, elemental composition, degree of graphitization, chemical structure, and lead (Pb) removal efficiency of BC was thoroughly analyzed by SEM, EDS, Raman, XRD, XPS, and ICP‐OES analysis. Benefiting from the structural disorder, high specific surface area, and least coordinated exposed carbon, the BC revealed high adsorption efficiency (98.02 %) for lead removal from wastewater.
Optimization of Aluminium Oxide/Acid‐Treated Palygorskite by Response Surface Methodology and its Application in Adsorptive Separation of the Methanol‐Dimethyl Carbonate Azeotrope
Authors: Sun Xueni , Tian Lu , Chen Siyuan , Tan Hao , Shao Hui 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA low‐cost composite adsorbent aluminium oxide/acid‐treated palygorskite (Al2O3/HPal) was prepared by the total incipient wetness method and succesfully applied for the separation of methanol‐dimethyl carbonate (MeOH‐DMC) azeotrope for the first time. Major synthetic factors influencing the final separation performance were explored by the response surface methodology (RSM) based on Box‐Behnken design (BBD). Adsorbents under optimized synthesis conditions were characterized by XRD, FT‐IR, SEM, TEM and BET analysis. Adsorptive separation performance of Al2O3/HPal were investigated by both static and dynamic experiments. The adsorption capacities for MeOH and DMC were 335.52 mg g−1 and 23.92 mg g−1, respectively, while the selectivity S and the separation factor α towards MeOH equaled to 14.03 and 6.1. Kinetic curves fitted the pseudo‐second‐order model. Isotherm study results indicated two different adsorption behaviors for this azeotrope where heterogeneous multi‐layer adsorption was observed for DMC but monolayer adsorption occurred for MeOH with surface inhomogeneity. Moreover, thermodynamic study suggested that the driving force of the MeOH‐DMC system on Al2O3/HPal included both enthalpy and entropy effects.
A New Method for the Rapid Polymerization of Hydroquinone Catalyzed by Copper‐ammonia Complexes
Authors: Liu Mengyu , Yu Xiang , Yang Lanting , Nong Guangzai 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPoly(hydroquinone) (PHQ) is a class of polymers with a leading chain composed entirely of quinone‐phenol structures, which possess both the heat resistance of polymers and the redox activity of the monomer quinone‐phenol and have promising applications in sensors, anti‐corrosion and antioxidants. However, the current synthesis efficiency is low, and the product solubility is poor, which hinders its wide application. In this paper, the copper‐ammonia complex was used to catalyze the polymerization of hydroquinone. The product‘s structure was verified by FTIR, UV‐Vis, XPS, SSNMR and EDS. The degree of PHQ obtained by GPC was 2–9, and the reaction mechanism of the polymerization process was demonstrated in detail. The experiments showed that the copper‐ammonia complex not only acted as a catalyst but also participated in the reaction, firstly generating the PHQ copper‐ammonia complex, which is almost insoluble in water and common organic solvents. Then by further acid washing to dislodge the copper‐amino groups, the resulting PHQ was able to dissolve in solvents such as DMSO and methanol. In addition, the method is three times faster than the catalytic rate using an equivalent amount of ammonia.
Micro/Nano‐Fabrication of Flexible Poly(3,4‐Ethylenedioxythiophene)‐Based Conductive Films for High‐Performance Microdevices
Authors: Lv Tian‐Run , Zhang Wen‐Hai , Yang Ya‐Qiong , Zhang Jia‐Chen , Yin Ming‐Jie , Yin Zhigang , Yong Ken‐Tye , An Quan‐Fu 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWith the increasing demands for novel flexible organic electronic devices, conductive polymers are now becoming the rising star for reaching such targets, which has witnessed significant breakthroughs in the fields of thermoelectric devices, solar cells, sensors, and hydrogels during the past decade due to their outstanding conductivity, solution‐processing ability, as well as tailorability. However, the commercialization of those devices still lags markedly behind the corresponding research advances, arising from the not high enough performance and limited manufacturing techniques. The conductivity and micro/nano‐structure of conductive polymer films are two critical factors for achieving high‐performance microdevices. In this review, the state‐of‐the‐art technologies for developing organic devices by using conductive polymers are comprehensively summarized, which will begin with a description of the commonly used synthesis methods and mechanisms for conductive polymers. Next, the current techniques for the fabrication of conductive polymer films will be proffered and discussed. Subsequently, approaches for tailoring the nanostructures and microstructures of conductive polymer films are summarized and discussed. Then, the applications of micro/nano‐fabricated conductive films‐based devices in various fields are given and the role of the micro/nano‐structures on the device performances is highlighted. Finally, the perspectives on future directions in this exciting field are presented.
Nanoscale Janus Z‐Scheme Heterojunction for Boosting Artificial Photosynthesis
Authors: Su Ke , Yuan Su‐Xian , Wu Li‐Yuan , Liu Zhao‐Lei , Zhang Min , Lu Tong‐Bu 
Published: April 2023

AbstractArtificial photosynthesis for CO2 reduction coupled with water oxidation currently suffers from low efficiency due to inadequate interfacial charge separation of conventional Z‐scheme heterojunctions. Herein, an unprecedented nanoscale Janus Z‐scheme heterojunction of CsPbBr3/TiOx is constructed for photocatalytic CO2 reduction. Benefitting from the short carrier transport distance and direct contact interface, CsPbBr3/TiOx exhibits significantly accelerated interfacial charge transfer between CsPbBr3 and TiOx (8.90 × 108 s−1) compared with CsPbBr3:TiOx counterpart (4.87 × 107 s−1) prepared by traditional electrostatic self‐assembling. The electron consumption rate of cobalt doped CsPbBr3/TiOx can reach as high as 405.2 ± 5.6 µmol g−1 h−1 for photocatalytic CO2 reduction to CO coupled with H2O oxidation to O2 under AM1.5 sunlight (100 mW cm−2), over 11‐fold higher than that of CsPbBr3:TiOx, and surpassing the reported halide‐perovskite‐based photocatalysts under similar conditions. This work provides a novel strategy to boost charge transfer of photocatalysts for enhancing the performance of artificial photosynthesis.
Synthetic‐Cell‐Based Multi‐Compartmentalized Hierarchical Systems
Authors: Wang Xiaoliang , Qiao Xin , Chen Haixu , Wang Lei , Liu Xiaoman , Huang Xin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn the extant lifeforms, the self‐sustaining behaviors refer to various well‐organized biochemical reactions in spatial confinement, which rely on compartmentalization to integrate and coordinate the molecularly crowded intracellular environment and complicated reaction networks in living/synthetic cells. Therefore, the biological phenomenon of compartmentalization has become an essential theme in the field of synthetic cell engineering. Recent progress in the state‐of‐the‐art of synthetic cells has indicated that multi‐compartmentalized synthetic cells should be developed to obtain more advanced structures and functions. Herein, two ways of developing multi‐compartmentalized hierarchical systems, namely interior compartmentalization of synthetic cells (organelles) and integration of synthetic cell communities (synthetic tissues), are summarized. Examples are provided for different construction strategies employed in the above‐mentioned engineering ways, including spontaneous compartmentalization in vesicles, host–guest nesting, phase separation mediated multiphase, adhesion‐mediated assembly, programmed arrays, and 3D printing. Apart from exhibiting advanced structures and functions, synthetic cells are also applied as biomimetic materials. Finally, key challenges and future directions regarding the development of multi‐compartmentalized hierarchical systems are summarized; these are expected to lay the foundation for the creation of a “living” synthetic cell as well as provide a larger platform for developing new biomimetic materials in the future.
River connectivity increases the diversity of fish communities in gravel pit lakes
Authors: Laiveling Audrey R. , Lorentz Christopher N. , Booth Michael T. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Objective
Off-channel floodplain features are important components of a river system that provide habitat and boost regional species pools, but river–floodplain connectivity is disrupted by anthropogenic activities. The Campbell Lakes in Harrison, Ohio, are formerly isolated gravel pits along the Whitewater River and are connected to the river through flooding-related erosion. The lakes were first stocked with sport fish by Great Parks of Hamilton County to promote recreational fishing, but stocking ended in 2019 due to frequent connection with the Whitewater River during high flow. We explored how the fish community composition of the Campbell Lakes reflects increasing connectivity with the Whitewater River and among the lakes.

Methods
Using historical aerial photographs and river discharge estimates, we established an approximate timeline of permanent connectivity and potential breaches between the lakes and the Whitewater River from 2000 to 2020. Fish community data collected via electrofishing surveys of the Campbell Lakes in 2004, 2007, 2012, and 2020 were compared to data from surveys of the Whitewater and Great Miami rivers in 1995 and 2013.

Result
The lakes were dominated by centrarchid species in early surveys but showed increased species and family richness with time. Based on an analysis of similarity and nonmetric multidimensional scaling, the lakes' fish communities differed significantly among years and gradually increased in resemblance to the river communities.

Conclusion
Our results suggest that the Campbell Lakes fish communities are broadening to include taxa from the Whitewater and Great Miami River communities and are shifting from lentic to lotic species. The change in fish community assemblages in the Campbell Lakes demonstrates the potential for gravel pit lakes to serve as artificial floodplain features that can enhance river–floodplain connectivity.
Cross‐ and Multi‐Coupling Reactions Using Monofluoroalkanes
Authors: Iwasaki Takanori , Kambe Nobuaki 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCarbon‐fluorine bonds are stable and have demonstrated sluggishness against various chemical manipulations. However, selective transformations of C−F bonds can be achieved by developing appropriate conditions as useful synthetic methods in organic chemistry. This review focuses on C−C bond formation at monofluorinated sp3‐hybridized carbons via C−F bond cleavage, including cross‐coupling and multi‐component coupling reactions. The C−F bond cleavage mechanisms on the sp3‐hybridized carbon centers can be primarily categorized into three types: Lewis acids promoted F atom elimination to generate carbocation intermediates; nucleophilic substitution with metal or carbon nucleophiles supported by the activation of C−F bonds by coordination of Lewis acids; and the cleavage of C−F bonds via a single electron transfer. The characteristic features of alkyl fluorides, in comparison with other (pseudo)halides as promising electrophilic coupling counterparts, are also discussed.
High‐field magnetic resonance imaging findings in a young dog with septic arthritis of the shoulder joint
Authors: Santifort Koen M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA 7‐month‐old, female Rough Collie with a history of diagnosis and treatment for steroid‐responsive meningitis‐arteritis was presented with a history of recurrent fever and lethargy and progressive lameness. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a large fluid intensity lesion (T2W hyperintense to muscle, T1W hypointense and in both sequences isointense to joint fluid) centred on the medial aspect of the right shoulder joint with outpouching into the surrounding muscle. On post‐contrast T1W images, there was extensive enhancement of the synovium and of the outpouching within the subscapularis muscle (centrally non‐enhancing consistent with abscessation, haemorrhage or necrosis). Bacteriological culture and sensitivity testing on fluid of the shoulder joint and lesion revealed monoculture of multidrug‐resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This case report illustrates the value of magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of musculoskeletal pathology.
Mixed convection Casson polymeric flow from a nonlinear stretching surface with radiative flux and non‐Fourier thermal relaxation effects: Computation with CSNIS
Authors: Shahid Anwar , Wei Wang , Bhatti Muhammad Mubashir , Bég Osman Anwar , Bég Tasveer A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThermal non‐Newtonian polymer coating flows is growing as a major area in materials processing. Inspired by new developments in this field which require more sophisticated mathematical models, the current investigation examines the laminar viscoplastic boundary layer flow and mixed convective heat transfer over a power‐law nonlinear stretching surface. To simulate thermal relaxation effects the hyperbolic Cattaneo‐Christov heat flux model is deployed. The non‐Newtonian polymer characteristics are described by employing the Casson flow model. High temperature conditions invoke thermal radiation flux which is analyzed with an algebraic flux model. Via robust similarity transformations, the primitive partial differential conservation equations for momentum and energy equations are rendered into a system of coupled non‐linear ordinary differential equations with associated wall and free stream boundary conditions. The emerging boundary value problem is solved numerically with an efficient Chebyshev Spectral Newton Iterative scheme (CSNIS), in the MATLAB platform. The resulting solutions are discussed for different emerging parameters using graphs and tables. Validation is included with special cases from the literature. With increasing power law stretching index increases, the flow is decelerated, and temperatures are reduced. Increment in mixed convection parameter boosts the velocity but suppresses temperature and thermal boundary layer thickness. Increasing non‐Fourier Deborah number, temperatures are depleted whereas with increasing radiative flux parameter they are increased. With elevation in Casson non‐Newtonian parameter, velocity is decreased whereas temperature is enhanced and Nusselt number is suppressed.
QCD and Supercomputers
Authors: Martinelli Guido 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe title of this talk should rather have been Lattice QCD and Supercomputers. I will introduce Lattice QCD as the fundamental tool to predict (postdict) the hadron spectrum and most of the matrix elements relevant for hadronic physics in the non-perturbative regime. Lattice calculations are used to study the dynamics of QCD at large temperature or chemical potential, the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon,$$g-$$g-2, the nucleon structure functions, the meson scattering amplitudes at low and intermediate energies and, last but not least, the weak matrix elements relevant in flavour physics and CP violation. In this presentation only some example particularly illustrative of the present sophistication and accuracy of lattice QCD calculations will be discussed in some detail.
Accelerators at LNF: From AdA to EuPRAXIA
Authors: Ghigo Andrea 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe accelerators realized, installed and operated in the Frascati National Laboratories (LNF) from ADONE to the present day are described together with the main characteristics necessary for the experiments that were carried out. The absolutely new elements that characterized all the accelerators realized in LNF and which were then used by other accelerators in the world are described: in particular Bruno Touschek's great contribution to accelerator physics is underlined. Present and future plans are also mentioned in the development of the new generation of accelerators in LNF.
The Making of ADONE
Authors: Pellegrini Claudio 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe review the history, physics challenges and final success of the electron–positron 1.5 GeV collider ADONE, from its inception as Bruno Touschek’s brainchild to the beginning of elementary particle physics experiments. Many new problems were met along the road to the successful operation of ADONE, like the collective instability effects. These novel phenomena had to be understood and means to control them had to be found to reach ADONE design goals. Bruno contributed in many critical ways to a successful solution of these issues, leading the effort to make colliding beams the important particle physics instruments of discovery that they are today.