bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diet supplemented with Saccharomyces cerevisiae from different fermentation media modulates the faecal microbiota and the intestinal fermentative products in dogs
Authors: Bastos Taís Silvino , Souza Camilla Mariane Menezes , Kaelle Gislaine Cristina Bill , do Nascimento Mariana Quintino , de Oliveira Simone Gisele , Félix Ananda Portella 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis study aimed at evaluating the coefficients of total tract apparent digestibility (CTTAD) of nutrients, metabolisable energy (ME), diet palatability, faecal fermentative products and microbiota of dogs fed yeasts from different fermentation media and its fractions. Four diets were evaluated: control, without yeast (CO); diet with 10 g/kg brewer's yeast (BY); diet with 10 g/kg brewer's yeast + corn yeast (BCY); and diet with 10 g/kg BCY + cell wall fractions (BCYF). Twelve adult dogs were distributed in a randomized block design (periods). Each of the four diets was fed to a group of three dogs per period of 20 days, totalling two periods and six repetitions per treatment. Sixteen adult dogs were used for the palatability test, which compared the CO diet versus each one of the yeast diets. Data with normal distribution were subjected to analysis of variance (p < 0.05). Means were compared by orthogonal contrasts (p < 0.05): (A) CO diet versus BY, BCY and BCYF diets; (B) BY diet versus BCY and BCYF diets; (C) BCY diet versus BCYF diet. There was no difference in the CTTAD and ME of the diets (p > 0.05). Yeast diets reduced faecal odour and indole peak area (p < 0.05). Faecal short‐chain fatty acids concentration was greater in dogs fed yeast diets compared to those fed the CO (p < 0.05). Yeast diets showed a higher intake ratio compared to the CO (p < 0.05). The BCY and BCYF diets resulted in a greater abundance of Bacteroides, Faecalibacterium, Coprococcus, and Phascolarctobacterium in relation to the CO (p < 0.05). Our results suggest that dietary yeast supplementation results in beneficial changes in intestinal functionality indicators, mainly with the combination of yeasts from brewers and corn fermentation media. In addition, yeast supplementation improves diet palatability without compromising nutrient digestibility.
Analytical performance evaluation of two automated urine chemistry analysers using two levels of commercially available quality control material
Authors: Hokamp J. A. , Freeman K. , Harr K. E. 
Published: May 2023

ObjectiveEvaluate two point‐of‐care urine chemistry analysers, VetScan SA and VetLab UA using assayed, bilevel (two concentrations) urine quality control material to determine if performance is acceptable for semiquantitative clinical urine chemistry analysis.Materials and MethodsNormal and abnormal urine quality control material sent to 23 veterinary practices was evaluated three times by each clinic on in‐clinic automated urinalysis instruments. Accuracy, precision and clinical utility were evaluated.ResultsNormal urine quality control material: Results for blood, glucose, ketones and bilirubin were 100% accurate and precise for both analysers, and pH values were accurately acidic to neutral. However, pH from VetScan SA had clinically significant negative bias. Abnormal urine quality control material: VetScan SA: blood, microalbumin and bilirubin were 100% accurate; glucose, ketones, and protein demonstrated ≤10% inaccuracy; pH demonstrated 34% inaccuracy. VetLab UA: blood, ketones and bilirubin were 100% accurate; glucose and protein demonstrated ≤10% inaccuracy; pH was 100% accurately neutral to alkaline.Clinical SignificanceVetScan SA had marked negative pH bias versus VetLab UA resulting in clinically significant, overly acidic results. Specific gravity, nitrite, and leukocyte test pads should not be used. Both instruments had excellent performance in normal quality control material. While blood, glucose, protein and bilirubin are correctly identified as present in abnormal quality control material, exact concentrations cannot be interpreted due to imprecision. Only semiquantitative results, not numerical values implying quantification, should be reported from urine test strips.
ACVIMconsensus statement guidelines on diagnosing and distinguishing low‐grade neoplastic from inflammatory lymphocytic chronic enteropathies in cats
Authors: Marsilio Sina , Freiche Valerie , Johnson Eric , Leo Chiara , Langerak Anton W. , Peters Iain , Ackermann Mark R. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundLymphoplasmacytic enteritis (LPE) and low‐grade intestinal T cell lymphoma (LGITL) are common diseases in older cats, but their diagnosis and differentiation remain challenging.ObjectivesTo summarize the current literature on etiopathogenesis and diagnosis of LPE and LGITL in cats and provide guidance on the differentiation between LPE and LGITL in cats. To provide statements established using evidence‐based approaches or where such evidence is lacking, statements based on consensus of experts in the field.AnimalsNone.MethodsA panel of 6 experts in the field (2 internists, 1 radiologist, 1 anatomic pathologist, 1 clonality expert, 1 oncologist) with the support of a human medical immunologist, was formed to assess and summarize evidence in the peer‐reviewed literature and complement it with consensus recommendations.ResultsDespite increasing interest on the topic for clinicians and pathologists, few prospective studies were available, and interpretation of the pertinent literature often was challenging because of the heterogeneity of the cases. Most recommendations by the panel were supported by a moderate or low level of evidence. Several understudied areas were identified, including cellular markers using immunohistochemistry, genomics, and transcriptomic studies.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceTo date, no single diagnostic criterion or known biomarker reliably differentiates inflammatory lesions from neoplastic lymphoproliferations in the intestinal tract of cats and a diagnosis currently is established by integrating all available clinical and diagnostic data. Histopathology remains the mainstay to better differentiate LPE from LGITL in cats with chronic enteropathy.
Working towards more socially just futures: five areas for transdisciplinary literacies research
Authors: Lemieux Amélie , Boyle Lisa , Simmonds Emiyah , Rahm Jrene 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPolicy‐makers and provincial governments have a responsibility to prioritise equity, diversity, inclusion and accessibility (EDIA) with approaches that leverage both intersectionality and transdisciplinarity, especially when looking at literacies research. Supported by a federally funded knowledge synthesis grant that surveyed the scope of EDIA in Canadian schools, this article focuses on youth marginalisation to address literacies learning. The authors address five concepts from a three‐phase literature review to examine inclusive practices that respect, acknowledge and address EDIA in K‐12 education. Across reviewed studies, there is an underlying trajectory outlining methodological challenges in implementing EDIA practices. We advance anti‐racist and abolitionist approaches by addressing five areas: (1) making learning more accessible by adopting culturally responsive pedagogy informed by local cultures, languages and values; (2) pursuing sustainable professional development in culturally inclusive teaching practices; (3) creating safer school environments that nurture community‐driven relationships between parents, students and their teachers; (4) reforming educational policies to concretely address structural racism, discrimination and misrepresentation of socially marginalised students by disrupting what is conceptualised and accepted as ideal culturally responsive pedagogy; and (5) prioritising community perspectives and input curriculum decisions to support underrepresented students. Ultimately, this article echoes this issue's orientations as it explores transdisciplinary practices composing an evolving understanding of literacies.
The two sides of resistance–resilience relationship in both aboveground and belowground communities in the Eurasian steppe
Authors: Yang Wei , Yang Junjie , Fan Yi , Guo Quankuan , Jiang Nana , Babalola Olubukola Oluranti , Han Xingguo , Zhang Ximei 
Published: May 2023

Summary

The ongoing nitrogen (N) deposition has led to profound changes in aboveground and belowground ecosystems. However, the stability of plant and soil microbial community toward N addition in terms of resistance and resilience is less understood.

We established a long‐running field trial (2008–2018) in a series of N applications in combination with a mowing and fencing (unmown) treatment in a semiarid steppe. We assessed the resistance via ongoing N treatment of one subplot and the resilience via discontinuing N treatment in another to promote natural recovery since 2014.

Plant resistance was negatively correlated with N application rate, while microbial resistance was independent of N rate. Mowing significantly reduced plant resistance and resilience, reduced soil microbial resistance but improved its resilience. Generally, plants are more resilient but less resistant to N than soil microbes. The two sides of resistance–resilience relationship were revealed: trade‐offs exist between resistance and resilience for both plants and microbes at the community level; and trade‐offs between resistance and resilience cannot be scaled down to species/group level.

This study provided an important theoretical basis for the recovery and conservation of semiarid steppe and new insight into resistance–resilience relationship.
The long non‐coding RNA, miRNA and mRNA landscapes of cementoblasts during cementogenesis
Authors: Zhang Yingying , Huang Yiping 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveStimulation of cementogenesis is essential to cementum regeneration and root restoration. Long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) participate in the regulatory networks of periodontal regeneration processes. We identified and analysed differentially expressed lncRNAs, miRNAs and mRNAs associated with cementogenic differentiation of cementoblasts.Materials and MethodsOCCM‐30 immortalized mouse cementoblast cells were induced in cementogenic medium for 7 and 14 days. Total RNA was extracted and subjected to RNA sequencing to screen for differentially expressed lncRNAs, miRNAs and mRNAs. Quantitative reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) was performed to determine the expression levels of RNAs. Gene Ontology (GO) term and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses were used to clarify the potential functions of differentially expressed genes in biological processes and pathways. lncRNA‐miRNA‐mRNA networks were constructed based on correlation and algorithmic analyses.ResultsIn all, 461 lncRNAs, 89 miRNAs and 2157 mRNAs showed differential expression in OCCM‐30 cells after cementoblast differentiation. At day 7, upregulation of 248 lncRNAs, 30 miRNAs and 905 mRNAs was observed, along with downregulation of 127 lncRNAs, 34 miRNAs and 960 mRNAs. At day 14, 197 lncRNAs, 13 miRNAs and 847 mRNAs were upregulated, while 74 lncRNAs, 12 miRNAs and 760 mRNAs were downregulated. The results of qRT‐PCR showed that four candidate lncRNAs, H19, Gdap10, Foxo6os and Ipw, were significantly upregulated after 7 and 14 days of cementogenic induction. The lncRNA‐miRNA‐mRNA network illustrated a possible competitive endogenous RNA regulatory mechanism. GO analysis showed that consistently differentially expressed mRNAs were involved in blood vessel morphogenesis, cell‐substrate adhesion, cell adhesion, ossification and extracellular matrix organization. KEGG analysis indicated that extracellular matrix‐receptor interaction, focal adhesion, and the PI3K‐Akt, Rap1, mitogen‐activated protein kinase, and Ras signalling pathways varied significantly during cementogenesis.ConclusionThe expressions of lncRNA, miRNA and mRNA were significantly altered in cementoblasts after cementogenesis. This study highlighted the effect of lncRNAs in the process of cementogenesis and revealed their potential for the discovery of novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for cementum regeneration.
The effect of intranasal dexmedetomidine administration on emergence agitation or delirium in pediatric patients after general anesthesia: A meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Na Hyo‐Seok , Kim Su Yeon , In Park Ji , Lee Sohyun , Hwang Jung‐Won , Shin Hyun‐Jung 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundEmergence agitation or delirium can occur in pediatric patients after anesthesia. Dexmedetomidine is known to reduce the impairment of postoperative cognitive function.AimsThis study aimed to identify the role of intranasal administration of dexmedetomidine in lowering the development of emergence agitation or emergence delirium in pediatric patients after general anesthesia.MethodsElectronic databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, CENTRAL, Scopus, and Web of Science, were searched to identify studies. The primary outcome was the proportion of patients who underwent emergence agitation or emergence delirium after the surgery. Secondary outcomes included emergence time and incidence of postoperative nausea and/or vomiting. We estimated the odds ratio and mean difference with 95% confidence intervals for the determination of effect size using a random‐effects model.ResultsIn total, 2103 pediatric patients from 20 randomized controlled trials were included in the final analysis. The incidence of emergence agitation or emergence delirium was 13.6% in the dexmedetomidine group and 33.2% in the control group. The pooled effect size revealed that intranasal dexmedetomidine administration significantly reduced the incidence of postoperative emergence agitation or emergence delirium in pediatric patients undergoing surgery under general anesthesia (odds ratio 0.25, 95% confidence interval 0.18–0.34; p = .0000; I2 = 37.74%). Additionally, significant difference was observed in emergence time between the two groups (mean difference 2.42, 95% confidence interval 0.37–4.46; p = .021; I2 = 98.40%). Children in the dexmedetomidine group had a significantly lower incidence of postoperative nausea and/or vomiting than those in the control group (odds ratio 0.39, 95% confidence interval 0.24–0.64; p = .0002; I2 = 0.00%).ConclusionsIntranasal dexmedetomidine reduced the incidence of emergence agitation or emergence delirium in pediatric patients after general anesthesia.
Teaching histories of peace and justice: A roundtable
Authors: Aoyama Erin , Fugger Erica , Jackson Curt , Neary Megan , Ono Taka , Whitmire Leslie 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis roundtable explores the art and purpose of teaching histories of peace and justice. Invited by Peace & Change, the participants share their experiences and ideas as teachers of college courses in history, interdisciplinary studies, and sociology. They offer fresh perspectives on how we can engage with the intertwined nature of peace and justice.
Utilization of functional feed additives to produce cost‐effective, ecofriendly aquafeeds high in plant‐based ingredients
Authors: Hossain Md. Sakhawat , Small Brian C. , Kumar Vikas , Hardy Ronald 
Published: May 2023

AbstractFishmeals (FM) are the most superior protein sources in aquafeed. World‐wide growing demand and limited supply of FM limit its use as sole protein sources in aquafeed and force fish nutritionists to develop alternate protein‐based aquafeeds. However, increasing alternate proteins over a certain percentage reduces fish performance. Many attempts have been made (viz., manipulation of processing technology of feed ingredients and feed formulations, supplementation strategy) to overcome the negative effects of increasing alternative protein inclusion in aquafeeds. Among them, supplementation of functional feed additives (FuFAs) has received promising attention. Recently, several FuFA (nucleotides, organic acid, probiotics, prebiotics, and certain amino acids) have been administrated in alternative protein‐based aquafeeds and demonstrate increased efficiency of alternative protein utilization along with improved fish growth and health performances. However, numerous gaps remain in existing knowledge about the administration of exogenous FuFA in alternative protein‐based aquafeeds, including the effects on digestion, age/size‐related responses, species variations, absorption, metabolism, and influences on physiological responses. Application of biochemical and molecular technologies is important to better understand the underlying mechanisms of FuFA functions in alternate protein‐based aquafeed to improve fish and shrimp performance. Efforts are also needed by researchers and industrialists regarding production technologies to reduce functional feed supplement costs. Moreover, in‐depth research knowledge is needed considering the use of functional feeds to combat fish diseases and reduce dependence on antibiotics and chemical therapeutants, thereby making aquaculture more eco‐friendly.
Development and evaluation of an injectable slow‐release progesterone formulation for estrus synchronization in ewes out of the breeding season
Authors: Vafaei Salarpoor Mohsen , Kadivar Ali , Davoodian Najmeh , Khosravian Pegah , Shams Esfandabadi Naser , Mohebbi Abdonnaser , Mehrban Hossein 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis study was aimed at developing a type of slow‐release progesterone micro‐particles useable in a single intramuscular injection for estrus synchronization in non‐breeding season ewes. A total of 66 ewes were randomly assigned into four groups: CIDR (n = 16): exposed to intravaginal CIDR for 12 days, and three experimental groups, i.e., T100 (n = 16), T150 (n = 17) and T200 (n = 17), receiving a single intramuscular injection of 100, 150 and 200 mg slow‐release progesterone, respectively. Blood sampling was performed on all ewes at five different times, and the ELISA method measured progesterone levels. No significant differences were observed in progesterone levels among the groups in each sampling time. More than 90% of ewes in the CIDR, T100 and T150 groups and all those in T200 showed estrus behaviour, and the rate was not significantly different between groups. The difference in the mean interval from progesterone treatment to estrus was also insignificant. The parturition rate declined by increasing the dose of injected progesterone; although it was similar in CIDR and T100 groups, it decreased significantly in T150 and T200. Since our injectable progesterone formulation was successful in the induction and synchronization of estrus in ewes out of the breeding season, it can be applied as an alternative to the conventional progesterone containing intravaginal devices.
Hematologic parameters and the effect of hemoparasites of wild anurans in Northern Sinaloa, Mexico
Authors: Isaak Delgado Ana B. , Zavala‐Norzagaray Alan A. , Espinoza‐Romo Brenda A. , Ortega‐Anaya Jesús G. , Ley‐Quiñonez César Paúl , Aguirre Alonso , Rendón‐Franco Emilio 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundFew hematologic profiles for free‐ranging amphibians are available. Hematologic evaluation is a useful tool for determining the health of amphibian populations and providing further knowledge for conservation actions.ObjectivesHematologic variables and the presence and effect of hemoparasites in anuran species were evaluated in Northern Sinaloa, Mexico.MethodsBlood samples were collected from wild anurans of eight species to perform blood cell counts, leukocyte differential counts, and serum protein concentrations using manual methods and refractometry. In addition, morphologic identification and quantification of the hemoparasites were performed on blood smears.ResultsDifferences were observed by sex, age, and season for the hematologic values of Incilius alvarius (n = 23), Incilius mazatlanensis (n = 46), Rhinella horribilis (n = 64), Leptodactylus melanonotus (n = 46), Lithobates forreri (n = 135), Lithobates catesbeianus (n = 20), Smilisca fodiens (n = 42), and Scaphiopus couchii (n = 7). Intra‐ and extra‐erythrocytic hemoparasites were found in 56.2% of amphibian hosts; the hemoparasite infection of R. horribilis and L. melanonotus was higher in the dry season, showing increases in erythroplastids and monocytes. For L. forreri, males were more infected than females, and increases in leukocytes were associated with infections of different types of hemoparasites species.ConclusionsHematologic values, hemoparasite prevalence, and the response to hemoparasite infection vary among amphibian species, sex, and age, as well as on season and hemoparasite type. This highlights the importance of hematologic evaluations in wild amphibian populations to determine the subclinical effects of hemoparasite infections.
Influence of extreme brachycephalic conformation on perioperative complications associated with total ear canal ablation and lateral bulla osteotomy in 242 dogs (2010–2020)
Authors: Banks Charlotte , Beever Lee , Kaye Benjamin , Foo Merianna , ter Haar Gert , Rutherford Lynda 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the influence of extreme brachycephalic conformation on presenting signs, imaging findings, intraoperative and perioperative complications following total ear canal ablation and lateral bulla osteotomy (TECA‐LBO).Study designCross‐sectional retrospective study.AnimalsA total of 306 (n = 242 dogs) TECA‐LBOs (extreme brachycephalic breeds [EBB] = 81, other breeds [OB] = 225).MethodsMedical records of patients undergoing TECA‐LBO at a single referral institution (2010–2022) were evaluated.ResultsExtreme brachycephalic breeds most commonly presented acutely, at a younger age with oto‐neurological signs (46/81, 56.8%). Chronic otitis externa without neurological signs (171/225, 76.0%) was most common in OBs. Extreme brachycephalic breeds preoperatively presented more frequently with facial nerve paresis (p = .001), vestibular syndrome (p = .001), and Horner's syndrome (p = .002) compared to OBs. On diagnostic imaging, bilateral changes (p = .038), aural masses (p = .045), para‐aural abscesses (p = .011), otitis interna (p = .001), and brainstem changes (p = .001) were more common in EBBs. The apparent difference in intraoperative complication rate between EBBs (9/81, 11.1%) and OBs (12/225, 5.3%) did not reach statistical significance (p = .078). Perioperative complications occurred in 85/306 (27.8%) of TECA‐LBOs with no difference in perioperative complication rate between EBBs (19/81, 23.5%) and OBs (66/225, 29.3%) (p = .586).ConclusionExtreme brachycephalic breeds are more likely to present for TECA‐LBO acutely, with neurological signs and more advanced diagnostic imaging abnormalities. Intra‐ and perioperative complication rates did not differ between EBBs and OBs.Clinical significanceDespite being subjectively more technically challenging, TECA‐LBO did not result in more surgical complications in EBBs. Reported data are useful for effectively informing clients of the specific risks of TECA‐LBO surgery.