bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spontaneous ectopic pregnancy occurring in the distal fallopian tube cut off from the uterus after an incomplete prior operation to remove only the middle of the fallopian tube: A case report
Authors: Higashi Yuriko , Togami Shinichi , Nagai Sayori , Kobayashi Hiroaki 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAfter salpingectomy, recurrent ectopic pregnancies occur in the contralateral fallopian tube. Here, we present a case of ipsilateral remnant fallopian tube pregnancy in a 30‐year‐old woman with a history of incomplete prior operation to remove the middle region of the left fallopian tube following fallopian tube isthmus pregnancy 6 years earlier. During the previous salpingectomy, the left fallopian tube was not completely observed because of adhesions to the pelvic peritoneum and sigmoid colon; a partial remnant may have been present. The patient presented with lower abdominal pain 6 weeks after the most recent menstrual cycle, and transvaginal ultrasonography revealed a remnant left fallopian tube ectopic pregnancy. A 4 cm‐sized mass identified at the distal end of the remnant left fallopian tube and the proximal remnant tube were laparoscopically removed. The possibility of an ipsilateral remnant tubal pregnancy should be carefully considered in spontaneous pregnancy after partial fallopian tube resection.
SnoRNAs may accelerate protein synthesis for the rapid growth of the regenerating tail blastema in the lizard Podarcis muralis
Authors: Degan Massimo , Alibardi Lorenzo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTail regeneration in lizards derives from the formation of a regenerative blastema. Numerous snoRNAs exclusively up‐regulated in the regenerating tail but absent in the scarring limb of the lizard Podarcis muralis have been detected suggesting they are key genes for regeneration. While most snord‐, snora‐ and scarna‐RNAs are activators of protein synthesis and cell proliferation (oncogenes) some may also be tumour suppressors. A tail blastema of 2–3 mm in length consists of proliferating mesenchymal cells, fibroblasts and keratinocytes with active nucleoli, rosette‐patterned ribosomes and few rough endoplasmic cisternae. In few days, the blastema grows into a new tail indicating intense protein synthesis within this short period. A quantitative RT‐PCR analysis of snord87, snord26, snord74, snora63, scarna11, U2 and U4 shows that, aside snord87, the other ncRNAs are up‐regulated, particularly, U2, U4 and scarna11. These ncRNAs might regulate the rate of production of ribosomes from the nucleolus (snora‐ and snord‐RNAs), the splicing process (snord‐ and scarna‐RNAs, U2 and U4), the speed of protein synthesis (snora‐ and snord‐RNAs) and cell proliferation in the blastema. These non‐coding‐RNAs are hypothesized to intensify the production of more functional ribosomes that accelerate the rate of protein synthesis and rapid growth of the blastema into a new tail.
Parenchymal volume analysis to assess longitudinal functional decline following partial nephrectomy
Authors: Munoz‐Lopez Carlos , Lewis Kieran , Attawettayanon Worapat , Yasuda Yosuke , Accioly João Pedro Emrich , Rathi Nityam , Lone Zaeem , Boumitri Melissa , Campbell Rebecca A. , Wood Andrew , Kaouk Jihad , Haber Georges‐Pascal , Eltemamy Mohamad , Krishnamurthi Venkatesh , Abouassaly Robert , Haywood Samuel , Weight Christopher , Campbell Steven C. 
Published: July 2023

ObjectiveTo identify factors associated with longitudinal ipsilateral functional decline after partial nephrectomy (PN).Patients and MethodsOf 1140 patients managed with PN (2012–2014), 349 (31%) had imaging/serum creatinine levels pre‐PN, 1–12 months post‐PN (new baseline), and >3 years later necessary for inclusion. Parenchymal‐volume analysis was used to determine split renal function. Patients were grouped as having significant renal comorbidity (CohortSRC: diabetes mellitus with insulin‐dependence or end‐organ damage, refractory hypertension, or severe pre‐existing chronic kidney disease) vs not having significant renal comorbidity (CohortNoSRC) preoperatively. Multivariable regression was used to identify predictors of annual ipsilateral parenchymal atrophy and functional decline relative to new baseline values post‐PN, after the kidney had healed.ResultsThe median follow‐up was 6.3 years with 87/226/36 patients having cold/warm/zero ischaemia. The median cold/warm ischaemia times were 32/22 min. Overall, the median tumour size was 3.0 cm. The preoperative glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and new baseline GFR (NBGFR) were 81 and 71 mL/min/1.73 m2, respectively. After establishment of the NBGFR, the median loss of global and ipsilateral function was 0.7 and 0.4 mL/min/1.73 m2/year, respectively, consistent with the natural ageing process. Overall, the median ipsilateral parenchymal atrophy was 1.2 cm3/year and accounted for a median of 53% of the annual functional decline. Significant renal comorbidity, age, and warm ischaemia were independently associated with ipsilateral parenchymal atrophy (all P < 0.01). Significant renal comorbidity and ipsilateral parenchymal atrophy were independently associated with annual ipsilateral functional decline (both P < 0.01). Annual median ipsilateral parenchymal atrophy and functional decline were both significantly increased for CohortSRC compared to CohortNoSRC (2.8 vs 0.9 cm3, P < 0.01 and 0.90 vs 0.30 mL/min/1.73 m2/year, P < 0.01, respectively).ConclusionsLongitudinal renal function following PN generally follows the normal ageing process. Significant renal comorbidities, age, warm ischaemia, and ipsilateral parenchymal atrophy were the most important predictors of ipsilateral functional decline following establishment of NBGFR.
Adjustable transobturator male system (ATOMS) for stress urinary incontinence: the evidence is mounting
Authors: Bajaj Mohit , Frampton Chris , Losco Giovanni , Westenberg Andre 
Published: July 2023

ObjectivesTo evaluate the New Zealand clinical experience with the adjustable transobturator male system (ATOMS), a novel continence device in the management of all degrees of stress urinary incontinence (SUI), focusing on efficacy and safety outcomes.Patients and MethodsA retrospective review of all ATOMS devices placed between May 2015 and November 2020 was conducted. Severity of SUI was assessed (pad usage) before and after surgery. SUI was defined as mild (1–<3 pads/day), moderate (≥3–5 pads/day) or severe (>5 pads/day). The primary outcome measures considered were the overall success rate (improvement in pad use) and the dry rate (with dry defined as either no or 1 safety pad/day). The number of outpatient adjustments and total filling volumes were also documented in each case. Additionally, we documented incidence and severity of device complications and an analysis of treatment failures.ResultsA total of 140 patients were reviewed, with the most common indication for ATOMS placement being SUI after radical prostatectomy (82.8%). Of the patients included, 53 (37.9%) had previous radiotherapy, with 26 (18.6%) patients having had a previous continence procedure performed. No intraoperative complications were noted. The median preoperative pad usage was 4 pads/day. After a median follow‐up of 11 months, median postoperative pad usage reduced to 1 pad/day. In our cohort, 116 patients (82.9%) reported an improvement in their pad usage and were considered successful with 107 (76.4%) patients reporting themselves to be dry. Complications within the first 90‐days after surgery occurred in 20 (14.3%) of patients.ConclusionTreatment of SUI with the ATOMS is safe and effective. The option of long‐term, minimally invasive adjustment to respond to patient needs is a significant advantage.
Model‐based Crowd Behaviours in Human‐solution Space
Authors: Xiang Wei , Wang He , Zhang Yuqing , Yip Milo K. , Jin Xiaogang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRealistic crowd simulation has been pursued for decades, but it still necessitates tedious human labour and a lot of trial and error. The majority of currently used crowd modelling is either empirical (model‐based) or data‐driven (model‐free). Model‐based methods cannot fit observed data precisely, whereas model‐free methods are limited by the availability/quality of data and are uninterpretable. In this paper, we aim at taking advantage of both model‐based and data‐driven approaches. In order to accomplish this, we propose a new simulation framework built on a physics‐based model that is designed to be data‐friendly. Both the general prior knowledge about crowds encoded by the physics‐based model and the specific real‐world crowd data at hand jointly influence the system dynamics. With a multi‐granularity physics‐based model, the framework combines microscopic and macroscopic motion control. Each simulation step is formulated as an energy optimization problem, where the minimizer is the desired crowd behaviour. In contrast to traditional optimization‐based methods which seek the theoretical minimizer, we designed an acceleration‐aware data‐driven scheme to compute the minimizer from real‐world data in order to achieve higher realism by parameterizing both velocity and acceleration. Experiments demonstrate that our method can produce crowd animations that are more realistically behaved in a variety of scales and scenarios when compared to the earlier methods.
Interferon‐γ inducible protein 30 promotes the epithelial–mesenchymal transition‐like phenotype and chemoresistance by activating EGFR/AKT/GSK3β/β‐catenin pathway in glioma
Authors: Chen Ying , Xu Hui , Yu Pei , Wang Qing , Li Shenggang , Ji Fufu , Wu Chunwang , Lan Qing 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimsPrevious studies have indicated that IFI30 plays a protective role in human cancers. However, its potential roles in regulating glioma development are not fully understood.MethodsPublic datasets, immunohistochemistry, and western blotting (WB) were used to evaluate the expression of IFI30 in glioma. The potential functions and mechanisms of IFI30 were examined by public dataset analysis; quantitative real‐time PCR; WB; limiting dilution analysis; xenograft tumor assays; CCK‐8, colony formation, wound healing, and transwell assays; and immunofluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry.ResultsIFI30 was significantly upregulated in glioma tissues and cell lines compared with corresponding controls, and the expression level of IFI30 was positively associated with tumor grade. Functionally, both in vivo and in vitro evidence showed that IFI30 regulated the migration and invasion of glioma cells. Mechanistically, we found that IFI30 dramatically promoted the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT)‐like process by activating the EGFR/AKT/GSK3β/β‐catenin pathway. In addition, IFI30 regulated the chemoresistance of glioma cells to temozolomide directly via the expression of the transcription factor Slug, a key regulator of the EMT‐like process.ConclusionThe present study suggests that IFI30 is a regulator of the EMT‐like phenotype and acts not only as a prognostic marker but also as a potential therapeutic target for temozolomide‐resistant glioma.
Familiar observers attenuate surgery‐induced neuroinflammation and cognitive dysfunction in mice
Authors: Jiang Qun , Guo Mingyan , Zuo Zhiyi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimsPostoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a common complication associated with poor outcome. Our previous study has shown that living with familiar observers in the same cage reduces anxiety of mice with surgery. Anxiety can impair learning and memory. Thus, this study was designed to determine whether living with familiar observers attenuated the dysfunction of learning and memory of mice with surgery.MethodsSix‐ to eight‐week‐old CD‐1 male mice or 18‐month‐old C57BL/6 male mice had left carotid artery exposure under isoflurane anesthesia. They lived with non‐surgery male mice at 2 (number of surgery mice) to 3 (number of non‐surgery mice) ratio or with other surgery mice. Mice were subjected to light and dark box test 3 days after surgery to measure their anxiety levels and novel object recognition and fear conditioning tests from 5 days after surgery to measure their learning and memory. Blood and brain were harvested for biochemical analysis.ResultsLiving with familiar observers that lived with surgery mice for at least 2 weeks before the surgery and then after surgery reduced the anxiety and dysfunction of learning and memory in young adult male mice. Living with unfamiliar observers that lived with surgery mice after the surgery but not before the surgery did not have those effects on the mice with surgery. Living with familiar observers attenuated learning and memory dysfunction after surgery also in old male mice. Living with familiar observers attenuated inflammatory response in the blood and brain and the activation of the lateral habenula (LHb)‐ventral tegmental area (VTA) neural circuitry, which has been shown to be important for POCD. Wound infiltration with bupivacaine attenuated the activation of LHb‐VTA.ConclusionThese results suggest that living with familiar observers attenuates POCD and neuroinflammation, possibly via inhibiting the activation of the LHb‐VTA neural circuitry.
A decade comparison of regulatory decision patterns for oncology products to all other non‐oncology products among Swissmedic, European Medicines Agency, and US Food and Drug Administration
Authors: Rohr Ulrich‐P. , Iovino Mario , Rudofsky Leonie , Li Qiyu , Juritz Stephanie , Gircys Arunas , Wildner Oliver , Bujar Magda , Bolte Claus , Dalla Torre di Sanguinetto Simon , Wolfer Anita 
Published: July 2023

AbstractConsensus of regulatory decisions on the same Marketing Authorization Application (MAA) are critical for stakeholders. In this context, regulatory decision patterns from the Swissmedic (SMC), the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and the European Medicines Agency (EMA) were analyzed for hemato‐oncology products (OP) and non‐oncology products (NOP). We compared 336 SMC regulatory decisions between 2009 and 2018 on new active substances with the EMA and the FDA for OP (n = 77) and NOP (n = 259) regarding approval rates, consensus, and divergent decisions. For OP MAA, we analyzed the underlying reasons for divergent decisions; for consensus decisions, the similarity and strictness of labeling. For OP, the approval rate for the SMC was 88.4%, the EMA 91.3%, and the FDA 95.7%. For NOP, the SMC had an approval rate of 86.2%, the EMA of 93.8%, and the FDA of 88.8%. The consensus decision rate among agencies was 88.4% for OP and 84.4% for NOP. The main clinical driver for divergent decisions for OP was nonrandomized trial design and low patient numbers. Comparing the approved indication wordings, the highest similarity was between the SMC and the EMA, and lowest for the FDA and the EMA. Investigating label strictness, the FDA numerically had the highest but not‐statistically significant number of strict labels. The approval rate stratified by disease area (OP and NOP) differed among the SMC, the EMA, and the FDA. High concordance in regulatory decisions was observed between agencies for OP as well as NOP. Reasons for divergent decisions regarding OP were mainly due to scientific uncertainties. Comparing strictness of indications, numerical but no statistically significant differences were observed between agencies.
Management of the ‘wicked’ combination of heart failure and chronic kidney disease in the patient with diabetes
Authors: Bell David S. H. , McGill Janet B. , Jerkins Terri 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPatients with type 2 diabetes are at an increased risk of developing heart failure and chronic kidney disease. The presence of these co‐morbidities substantially increases the risk of morbidity as well as mortality in patients with diabetes. The clinical focus has historically centred around reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease by targeting hyperglycaemia, hyperlipidaemia and hypertension. Nonetheless, patients with type 2 diabetes who have well‐controlled blood glucose, blood pressure and lipid levels may still go on to develop heart failure, kidney disease or both. Major diabetes and cardiovascular societies are now recommending the use of treatments such as sodium‐glucose co‐transporter‐2 inhibitors and non‐steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, in addition to currently recommended therapies, to promote cardiorenal protection through alternative pathways as early as possible in individuals with diabetes and cardiorenal manifestations. This review examines the most recent recommendations for managing the risk of cardiorenal progression in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Development and validation of a real‐world model to predict 1‐year Level 3 (severe) hypoglycaemia risk in adults with diabetes (theiNPHORMstudy, United States)
Authors: Ratzki‐Leewing Alexandria A. , Black Jason E. , Ryan Bridget L. , Zou Guangyong , Klar Neil , Webster‐Bogaert Susan , Timcevska Kristina , Harris Stewart B. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimsWe aimed to develop and internally validate a real‐world prognostic model for Level 3 hypoglycaemia risk compatible with outpatient care in the United States.Materials and MethodsiNPHORM is a 12‐month, US‐based panel survey. Adults (18‐90 years old) with type 1 diabetes mellitus or insulin‐ and/or secretagogue‐treated type 2 diabetes mellitus were recruited from a nationwide, probability‐based internet panel. Among participants completing 1 follow‐up questionnaire(s), we modelled 1‐year Level 3 hypoglycaemia risk using Andersen and Gill's Cox survival and penalized regression with multiple imputation. Candidate variables were selected for their clinical relevance and ease of capture at point‐of‐care.ResultsIn total, 986 participants [type 1 diabetes mellitus: 17%; men: 49.6%; mean age: 51 (SD: 14.3) years] were analysed. Across follow‐up, 035.1 (95% CI: 32.2‐38.1)% reported ≥1 Level 3 event(s), and the rate was 5.0 (95% CI: 4.1‐6.0) events per person‐year. Our final model showed strong discriminative validity and parsimony (optimism corrected c‐statistic: 0.77). Numerous variables were selected: age; sex; body mass index; marital status; level of education; insurance coverage; race; ethnicity; food insecurity; diabetes type; glycated haemoglobin value; glycated haemoglobin variability; number, type and dose of various medications; number of SH events requiring hospital care (past year and over follow‐up); type and number of comorbidities and complications; number of diabetes‐related health care visits (past year); use of continuous/flash glucose monitoring; and general health status.ConclusionsiNPHORM is the first US‐based primary prognostic study on Level 3 hypoglycaemia. Future model implementation could potentiate risk‐tailored strategies that reduce real‐world event occurrence and overall diabetes burden.
Parental gender preferences in Central and Eastern Europe and differential early life disadvantages
Authors: Myck Michał , Oczkowska Monika , Wowczko Izabela 
Published: July 2023

AbstractParental gender preferences may affect partnership decisions and as a result lead to early life disadvantages. We study these preferences in five post‐communist countries of Central and Eastern Europe, a region with strong traditional gender norms and persisting inequalities between women and men in labour market outcomes. Using subsamples of census from Belarus, Hungary, Poland, Romania and Russia around 2000 and 2010, we follow Dahl and Moretti (2008), The demand for sons, to examine the effect of the gender of the first‐born child(ren) on fertility decisions and relationship stability of their parents. We only find strong evidence of ‘boy preferences’ in fertility decisions in the cases of Romania and Russia. However, unlike Dahl and Moretti (2008), The demand for sons, for the US, we cannot confirm a relationship between the children's gender and parental partnership decisions. This is the case for all examined Central and Eastern European countries, as well as for a number of countries from Western Europe. The cases of Romania and Russia raise questions about other potential consequences of the documented gender preferences. We argue that our approach can be applied more broadly to identify other countries characterised by parental gender preferences, and to motivate further examination of different forms of gender driven early life disadvantages.
The political economy triangle of government spending, interest‐group influence, and income inequality: Evidence and implications from the US states
Authors: Cole Ismail M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis paper introduces the political economy triangle (PET) concept of government spending, special interest groups (SIGs) influence, and income inequality, empirically confirming its existence and unveiling its nature while directly addressing key shortcomings of most prior research on the determinants of such inequality. Using static and dynamic panel techniques and data from the US states, it reports several new results: (i) the findings of previous studies regarding the roles of government spending and interest groups, including labor unions, in income distribution are confirmed, however, their estimated inequality effects grossly underestimate those obtained when endogeneity issues are accounted for explicitly; (ii) a dynamic tripartite relationship between the variables of the PET exists; (iii) government spending and SIGs' influence, including union strength, beyond their direct effects on inequality, have a separate positive impact through their interactions; (iv) the effectiveness of government spending in reducing inequality diminishes as the level of SIGs' influence and union strength increase in the short and long run, (v) the aggregate inequality‐increasing effect of SIGs is strengthened and the inequality‐reducing effects of unions weakened as the spending rises, in the short run and long run. Finally, the broad implications of these findings are discussed.
Critical appraisal of the 2020 IADT Guidelines: A personal commentary
Authors: Philip Nebu , Nazzal Hani , Duggal Mandeep Singh 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe 2020 International Association of Dental Traumatology (IADT) Guidelines feature several important changes in the treatment recommendations for traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) from the previous 2012 iteration of these Guidelines. This evidence‐based narrative review aims to provide a detailed appraisal of five specific changes incorporated in the 2020 IADT Guidelines, based on the available literature evidence that may have prompted these changes. The paper discusses three excellent additions/changes to the new Guidelines: (i) inclusion of a core outcome set for reporting TDIs; (ii) more conservative management of primary dentition TDIs including the changed recommendations for radiation exposure and managing primary dentition luxation injuries; and (iii) the changes in the treatment recommendations for permanent dentition avulsion injuries. The paper further debates whether two other changes made in the current IADT Guidelines for—(i) intrusion injuries in immature teeth; and (ii) complicated crown‐root fractures in mature teeth—have sufficient evidence to support the changed recommendations.