bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
French and Spanishwh-interrogatives with and withoutwh
Authors: Rosemeyer Malte 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis article describes the usage of partial interrogatives withoutwhsuch asAnd you went…?in French and Spanish, and analyses the variation between suchin-situ-Ø andin-situ-wh-interrogatives such asAnd you went where?On the basis of an analysis ofin-situ-Ø-interrogatives in a corpus of spoken French and Spanish, these interrogatives are described as a particularly efficient means of realizing an information request. Due to the fact that their use is bound to contexts in which the information request is highly expected by the hearer, they can be produced using a minimal syntactic format and simultaneously ensure that the addressee produces the desired response. In comparison, the use ofin-situ-whis less context-sensitive. The analysis also investigates the possibility of differences between French and Spanish as regards the productivity of these interrogatives. An acceptability study of these interrogatives finds no significant difference in terms of the productivity and acceptability ofin-situ-Ø in French and Spanish, whereasin-situ-whreaches a higher acceptability in French than in Spanish. I interpret these results as evidence for a description ofin-situ-Ø as anad-hocinteractional resource whose use does not depend on conventionalization processes, whereas information-requestingin-situ-whhas become conventional in French.
Marfan syndrome in a paediatric cohort: the importance of family history
Authors: Brunet-Garcia Laia , Lopez Sainz Angela , Carretero Bellon Juan Manuel 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMarfan syndrome is a rare connective tissue disorder secondary to mutations in the FBN1 gene, characterised by skeletal, ocular, and cardiovascular manifestations. We present an extensive cohort of paediatric patients with Marfan syndrome highlighting the vital importance of promptly referring paediatric first-degree relatives of Marfan syndrome paediatric patients to a tertiary hospital as our results confirm that they are at higher risk of aortic dilatation.
Successful treatment of two cases of acute myocarditis with colchicine
Authors: Kavgacı Akif , Incedere Fatma , Terlemez Semiha , Kula Serdar 
Published: March 2023

AbstractColchicine is an FDA-approved medicine that has been used for many years to prevent and treat gout flares as well as familial mediterranean fever. It is also used off-label to treat pericarditis, calcium pyrophosphate illness, and Behçet’s syndrome. There are additional studies on the use of colchicine, which is accepted as the standard treatment for pericarditis in adults, post-pericardiotomy syndrome, post-operative and post-ablation atrial fibrillation, coronary artery disorders, prior to percutaneous coronary procedures, and myocarditis. Colchicine appears to be a promising oral cardiovascular treatment targeting the inflammatory axis, owing to its low cost and moderate side-effect profile. Our aim is to emphasise that colchicine treatment, which has a strong and effective anti-inflammatory effect profile, should be kept in mind in addition to conventional treatment in childhood myocarditis.
Sources of PM2.5‐Associated Health Risks in Europe and Corresponding Emission‐Induced Changes During 2005–2015
Authors: Gu Yixuan , Henze Daven K. , Nawaz M. Omar , Cao Hansen , Wagner Ulrich J. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe present a newly developed approach to characterize the sources of fine particulate matter (PM2.5)‐related premature deaths in Europe using the chemical transport model GEOS‐Chem and its adjoint. The contributions of emissions from each individual country, species, and sector are quantified and mapped out at km scale. In 2015, total PM2.5‐related premature death is estimated to be 449,813 (257,846–722,138) in Europe, 59.0% of which were contributed by domestic anthropogenic emissions. The anthropogenic emissions of nitrogen oxides, ammonia, and organic carbon contributed most to the PM2.5‐related health damages, making up 29.6%, 23.2%, and 16.8%, respectively of all domestic anthropogenic contributions. Residential, agricultural, and ground transport emissions are calculated to be the largest three sectoral sources of PM2.5‐related health risks, accounting for 23.5%, 23.0%, and 19.4%, respectively, of total anthropogenic contributions within Europe. After excluding the influence of extra‐regional sources, we find eastern European countries suffered from more premature deaths than their emissions caused; in contrast, the emissions from some central and western European regions contributed premature deaths exceeding three times the number of deaths that occurred locally. During 2005–2015, the first decade of PM2.5 regulation in Europe, emission controls reduced PM2.5‐related health damages in nearly all European countries, resulting in 63,538 (46,092–91,082) fewer PM2.5‐related premature deaths. However, our calculation suggests that efforts to reduce air pollution from key sectors in some countries can be offset by the lag in control of emissions in others. International cooperation is therefore vitally important for tackling air pollution and reducing corresponding detrimental effects on public health.
Circulating tumour cells in gastrointestinal cancers: food for thought?
Authors: Asawa Simran , Nüesch Manuel , Gvozdenovic Ana , Aceto Nicola 
Published: March 2023

AbstractGastrointestinal (GI) cancers account for 35% of cancer-related deaths, predominantly due to their ability to spread and generate drug-tolerant metastases. Arising from different locations in the GI system, the majority of metastatic GI malignancies colonise the liver and the lungs. In this context, circulating tumour cells (CTCs) are playing a critical role in the formation of new metastases, and their presence in the blood of patients has been correlated with a poor outcome. In addition to their prognostic utility, prospective targeting of CTCs may represent a novel, yet ambitious strategy in the fight against metastasis. A better understanding of CTC biology, mechanistic underpinnings and weaknesses may facilitate the development of previously underappreciated anti-metastasis approaches. Here, along with related clinical studies, we outline a selection of the literature describing biological features of CTCs with an impact on their metastasis forming ability in different GI cancers.
Ribonuclease inhibitor 1 (RNH1) deficiency cause congenital cataracts and global developmental delay with infection-induced psychomotor regression and anemia
Authors: Hedberg-Oldfors Carola , Mitra Sanhita , Molinaro Angela , Visuttijai Kittichate , Fogelstrand Linda , Oldfors Anders , Sterky Fredrik H. , Darin Niklas 
Published: March 2023

AbstractRibonuclease inhibitor 1, also known as angiogenin inhibitor 1, encoded by RNH1, is a ubiquitously expressed leucine-rich repeat protein, which is highly conserved in mammalian species. Inactivation of rnh1 in mice causes an embryonically lethal anemia, but the exact biological function of RNH1 in humans remains unknown and no human genetic disease has so far been associated with RNH1. Here, we describe a family with two out of seven siblings affected by a disease characterized by congenital cataract, global developmental delay, myopathy and psychomotor deterioration, seizures and periodic anemia associated with upper respiratory tract infections. A homozygous splice-site variant (c.615-2A > C) in RNH1 segregated with the disease. Sequencing of RNA derived from patient fibroblasts and cDNA analysis of skeletal muscle mRNA showed aberrant splicing with skipping of exon 7. Western blot analysis revealed a total lack of the RNH1 protein. Functional analysis revealed that patient fibroblasts were more sensitive to RNase A exposure, and this phenotype was reversed by transduction with a lentivirus expressing RNH1 to complement patient cells. Our results demonstrate that loss-of-function of RNH1 in humans is associated with a multiorgan developmental disease with recessive inheritance. It may be speculated that the infection-induced deterioration resulted from an increased susceptibility toward extracellular RNases and/or other inflammatory responses normally kept in place by the RNase inhibitor RNH1.
Reshoring silicon photovoltaics manufacturing contributes to decarbonization and climate change mitigation
Authors: Liang Haoyue , You Fengqi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe globalized supply chain for crystalline silicon (c-Si) photovoltaic (PV) panels is increasingly fragile, as the now-mundane freight crisis and other geopolitical risks threaten to postpone major PV projects. Here, we study and report the results of climate change implications of reshoring solar panel manufacturing as a robust and resilient strategy to reduce reliance on foreign PV panel supplies. We project that if the U.S. could fully bring c-Si PV panel manufacturing back home by 2035, the estimated greenhouse gas emissions and energy consumption would be 30% and 13% lower, respectively, than having relied on global imports in 2020, as solar power emerges as a major renewable energy source. If the reshored manufacturing target is achieved by 2050, the climate change and energy impacts would be further reduced by 33% and 17%, compared to the 2020 level. The reshored manufacturing demonstrates significant progress in domestic competitiveness and toward decarbonization goals, and the positive reductions in climate change impacts align with the climate target.
Amide-to-ester substitution as a stable alternative to N-methylation for increasing membrane permeability in cyclic peptides
Authors: Hosono Yuki , Uchida Satoshi , Shinkai Moe , Townsend Chad E. , Kelly Colin N. , Naylor Matthew R. , Lee Hsiau-Wei , Kanamitsu Kayoko , Ishii Mayumi , Ueki Ryosuke , Ueda Takumi , Takeuchi Koh , Sugita Masatake , Akiyama Yutaka , Lokey Scott R. , Morimoto Jumpei , Sando Shinsuke 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNaturally occurring peptides with high membrane permeability often have ester bonds on their backbones. However, the impact of amide-to-ester substitutions on the membrane permeability of peptides has not been directly evaluated. Here we report the effect of amide-to-ester substitutions on the membrane permeability and conformational ensemble of cyclic peptides related to membrane permeation. Amide-to-ester substitutions are shown to improve the membrane permeability of dipeptides and a model cyclic hexapeptide. NMR-based conformational analysis and enhanced sampling molecular dynamics simulations suggest that the conformational transition of the cyclic hexapeptide upon membrane permeation is differently influenced by an amide-to-ester substitution and an amide N-methylation. The effect of amide-to-ester substitution on membrane permeability of other cyclic hexapeptides, cyclic octapeptides, and a cyclic nonapeptide is also investigated to examine the scope of the substitution. Appropriate utilization of amide-to-ester substitution based on our results will facilitate the development of membrane-permeable peptides.
Global Protected Areas as refuges for amphibians and reptiles under climate change
Authors: Mi Chunrong , Ma Liang , Yang Mengyuan , Li Xinhai , Meiri Shai , Roll Uri , Oskyrko Oleksandra , Pincheira-Donoso Daniel , Harvey Lilly P. , Jablonski Daniel , Safaei-Mahroo Barbod , Ghaffari Hanyeh , Smid Jiri , Jarvie Scott , Kimani Ronnie Mwangi , Masroor Rafaqat , Kazemi Seyed Mahdi , Nneji Lotanna Micah , Fokoua Arnaud Marius Tchassem , Tasse Taboue Geraud C. , Bauer Aaron , Nogueira Cristiano , Meirte Danny , Chapple David G. , Das Indraneil , Grismer Lee , Avila Luciano Javier , Ribeiro Júnior Marco Antônio , Tallowin Oliver J. S. , Torres-Carvajal Omar , Wagner Philipp , Ron Santiago R. , Wang Yuezhao , Itescu Yuval , Nagy Zoltán Tamás , Wilcove David S. , Liu Xuan , Du Weiguo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractProtected Areas (PAs) are the cornerstone of biodiversity conservation. Here, we collated distributional data for >14,000 (~70% of) species of amphibians and reptiles (herpetofauna) to perform a global assessment of the conservation effectiveness of PAs using species distribution models. Our analyses reveal that >91% of herpetofauna species are currently distributed in PAs, and that this proportion will remain unaltered under future climate change. Indeed, loss of species’ distributional ranges will be lower inside PAs than outside them. Therefore, the proportion of effectively protected species is predicted to increase. However, over 7.8% of species currently occur outside PAs, and large spatial conservation gaps remain, mainly across tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests, and across non-high-income countries. We also predict that more than 300 amphibian and 500 reptile species may go extinct under climate change over the course of the ongoing century. Our study highlights the importance of PAs in providing herpetofauna with refuge from climate change, and suggests ways to optimize PAs to better conserve biodiversity worldwide.
The architecture of transmembrane and cytoplasmic juxtamembrane regions of Toll-like receptors
Authors: Kornilov F. D. , Shabalkina A. V. , Lin Cong , Volynsky P. E. , Kot E. F. , Kayushin A. L. , Lushpa V. A. , Goncharuk M. V. , Arseniev A. S. , Goncharuk S. A. , Wang Xiaohui , Mineev K. S. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractToll-like receptors (TLRs) are the important participants of the innate immune response. Their spatial organization is well studied for the ligand-binding domains, while a lot of questions remain unanswered for the membrane and cytoplasmic regions of the proteins. Here we use solution NMR spectroscopy and computer simulations to investigate the spatial structures of transmembrane and cytoplasmic juxtamembrane regions of TLR2, TLR3, TLR5, and TLR9. According to our data, all the proteins reveal the presence of a previously unreported structural element, the cytoplasmic hydrophobic juxtamembrane α-helix. As indicated by the functional tests in living cells and bioinformatic analysis, this helix is important for receptor activation and plays a role, more complicated than a linker, connecting the transmembrane and cytoplasmic parts of the proteins.
Spatial profiling of microbial communities by sequential FISH with error-robust encoding
Authors: Cao Zhaohui , Zuo Wenlong , Wang Lanxiang , Chen Junyu , Qu Zepeng , Jin Fan , Dai Lei 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSpatial analysis of microbiomes at single cell resolution with high multiplexity and accuracy has remained challenging. Here we present spatial profiling of a microbiome using sequential error-robust fluorescence in situ hybridization (SEER-FISH), a highly multiplexed and accurate imaging method that allows mapping of microbial communities at micron-scale. We show that multiplexity of RNA profiling in microbiomes can be increased significantly by sequential rounds of probe hybridization and dissociation. Combined with error-correction strategies, we demonstrate that SEER-FISH enables accurate taxonomic identification in complex microbial communities. Using microbial communities composed of diverse bacterial taxa isolated from plant rhizospheres, we apply SEER-FISH to quantify the abundance of each taxon and map microbial biogeography on roots. At micron-scale, we identify clustering of microbial cells from multiple species on the rhizoplane. Under treatment of plant metabolites, we find spatial re-organization of microbial colonization along the root and alterations in spatial association among microbial taxa. Taken together, SEER-FISH provides a useful method for profiling the spatial ecology of complex microbial communities in situ.
Subsurface nickel boosts the low-temperature performance of a boron oxide overlayer in propane oxidative dehydrogenation
Authors: Gao Xiaofeng , Zhu Ling , Yang Feng , Zhang Lei , Xu Wenhao , Zhou Xian , Huang Yongkang , Song Houhong , Lin Lili , Wen Xiaodong , Ma Ding , Yao Siyu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractOxidative dehydrogenation of propane is a promising technology for the preparation of propene. Boron-based nonmetal catalysts exhibit remarkable selectivity toward propene and limit the generation of COx byproducts due to unique radical-mediated C–H activation. However, due to the high barrier of O-H bond cleavage in the presence of O2, the radical initialization of the B-based materials requires a high temperature to proceed, which decreases the thermodynamic advantages of the oxidative dehydrogenation reaction. Here, we report that the boron oxide overlayer formed in situ over metallic Ni nanoparticles exhibits extraordinarily low-temperature activity and selectivity for the ODHP reaction. With the assistance of subsurface Ni, the surface specific activity of the BOx overlayer reaches 93 times higher than that of bare boron nitride. A mechanistic study reveals that the strong affinity of the subsurface Ni to the oxygen atoms reduces the barrier of radical initiation and thereby balances the rates of the BO-H cleavage and the regeneration of boron hydroxyl groups, accounting for the excellent low-temperature performance of Ni@BOx/BN catalysts.
Diagnostic classification of childhood cancer using multiscale transcriptomics
Authors: Comitani Federico , Nash Joshua O. , Cohen-Gogo Sarah , Chang Astra I. , Wen Timmy T. , Maheshwari Anant , Goyal Bipasha , Tio Earvin S. , Tabatabaei Kevin , Mayoh Chelsea , Zhao Regis , Ho Ben , Brunga Ledia , Lawrence John E. G. , Balogh Petra , Flanagan Adrienne M. , Teichmann Sarah , Huang Annie , Ramaswamy Vijay , Hitzler Johann , Wasserman Jonathan D. , Gladdy Rebecca A. , Dickson Brendan C. , Tabori Uri , Cowley Mark J. , Behjati Sam , Malkin David , Villani Anita , Irwin Meredith S. , Shlien Adam 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe causes of pediatric cancers’ distinctiveness compared to adult-onset tumors of the same type are not completely clear and not fully explained by their genomes. In this study, we used an optimized multilevel RNA clustering approach to derive molecular definitions for most childhood cancers. Applying this method to 13,313 transcriptomes, we constructed a pediatric cancer atlas to explore age-associated changes. Tumor entities were sometimes unexpectedly grouped due to common lineages, drivers or stemness profiles. Some established entities were divided into subgroups that predicted outcome better than current diagnostic approaches. These definitions account for inter-tumoral and intra-tumoral heterogeneity and have the potential of enabling reproducible, quantifiable diagnostics. As a whole, childhood tumors had more transcriptional diversity than adult tumors, maintaining greater expression flexibility. To apply these insights, we designed an ensemble convolutional neural network classifier. We show that this tool was able to match or clarify the diagnosis for 85% of childhood tumors in a prospective cohort. If further validated, this framework could be extended to derive molecular definitions for all cancer types.
Maximizing biodiesel production from waste cooking oil with lime-based zinc-doped CaO using response surface methodology
Authors: Weldeslase Mebrhit Gebreyohanes , Benti Natei Ermias , Desta Mekonnen Abebayehu , Mekonnen Yedilfana Setarge 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBiodiesel is one of the alternative fuels, commonly produced chemically from oil and methanol using a catalyst. This study aims to maximize biodiesel production from cheap and readily available sources of waste cooking oil (WCO) and lime-based Zinc-doped calcium oxide (Zn-CaO) catalyst prepared with a wet impregnation process. The Zn-CaO nanocatalyst was produced by adding 5% Zn into the calcinated limestone. The morphology, crystal size, and vibrational energies of CaO and Zn-CaO nanocatalysts were determined using SEM, XRD, and FT-IR spectroscopy techniques, respectively. The response surface methodology (RSM), which is based on the box-Behnken design, was used to optimize the key variables of the transesterification reaction. Results showed that when Zn was doped to lime-based CaO, the average crystalline size reduced from 21.14 to 12.51 nm, consequently, structural irregularity and surface area increased. The experimental parameters of methanol to oil molar ratio (14:1), catalyst loading (5% wt.), temperature (57.5 °C), and reaction time (120 min) led to the highest biodiesel conversion of 96.5%. The fuel characteristics of the generated biodiesel fulfilled the American (ASTM D6571) fuel standards. The study suggests the potential use of WCO and lime-based catalyst as efficient and low-cost raw materials for large-scale biodiesel production intended for versatile applications.
The development and evaluation of an in-vitro shoulder simulator with active muscle simulation
Authors: Guo Ruipeng , Ferle Manuel , Nebel Dennis , Hurschler Christof 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe purpose of the present study was to develop a novel active in-vitro shoulder simulator to emulate all forms of planar and non-planar glenohumeral motions with active muscle simulation on cadaver specimens or shoulder models and to critically evaluate its performance. A physiologic shoulder simulator, driven using simulated muscle force, was developed to dynamically realize accurate kinematic control in all three rotational degrees of freedom (DOF) under physiological kinetic boundaries. The control algorithm of the simulator was implemented using three parallel running independent control loops, which regulate the forces of individual muscles in the respect DOF and work asynchronously in disparate sequences adapted to specific motions (abduction, flexion/extension and rotation). Three cadaveric specimens were used to evaluate the kinematic and kinetic performance of the simulator during simulated motions. High kinematic accuracy (maximum mean deviation ≤ 2.35° and RMSE 1.13°) and repeatability (maximum and average SD of ≤ 1.21° and 0.67°) were observed in all three rotational DOF investigated. The reliabilities of all individual muscle forces actuated in the simulator during planar and non-planar motions were generally excellent, with the 95% CIs of ICC estimates of > 0.90 for most instances (30/36). A novel shoulder simulator with active muscle simulation was developed and evaluated. Its capability to reproduce kinematics and kinetics in a physiological range for all DOF was systematically evaluated for multiple kinetic and kinematic outcome variables. The presented simulator is a powerful tool for investigating the biomechanics of physiological and pathological shoulder joints and to evaluate various surgical interventions. Acquisition of reliable data in joint kinetics and translational kinematics during active motions is critical to assess shoulder pathologies and appropriate treatments. We provide a unique muscle activated physiologic shoulder simulator, which allows the comprehensive acquisition of joint kinematic and kinetic data during repeated realistic planar and non-planar motions.