bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The importance of green roofs in urban macroinvertebrate biodiversity: a case study in Antwerp, Belgium.
Authors: Jacobs Jeffrey , Verheyde Fons , Dekoninck Wouter , De Smedt Pallieter , Dijck Thomas Van , Beenaerts Prof. Dr. Natalie , Artois Prof. Dr. Tom 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Urbanization has been identified as a significant anthropogenic factor in the decline of macroinvertebrate populations in terms of abundance, biomass, and species richness over the past few decades. Green roofs are commonly promoted as means of mitigating the negative impacts of urbanization. In this study we investigated twenty green roofs in the city of Antwerp, Belgium. We evaluated macroinvertebrate diversity, abundance and species richness on these roofs. We analysed the influence of roof characteristics (age, surface area, height) and plant diversity (Sedummonocultures vs a mix ofSedum, grass and herbs) on diversity, species richness and/or abundance of macroinvertebrates. We sampled 293 species in total, 151 species were found to be exclusive to a single roof, indicating their specific location-based occurrence. Our study found no correlation between physical roof characteristics, such as roof vegetation cover, and variation in diversity, richness and/or abundance of macroinvertebrates. Our results indicate that most of the species that are present on these urban environments are generalist species that have good dispersal abilities and are well adapted to the dry conditions of these green roofs. Additionally, our research discovered several species that had not previously been recorded in Belgium, which highlights that green roofs can provide suitable habitats for rare and specialized species originating from other nearby countries and different habitat types. Our study demonstrates that green roofs can provide a suitable habitat for a diverse range of species across multiple taxa, regardless of the characteristics of the roof.
Hydrogen incorporation mechanism in the lower-mantle bridgmanite
Authors: Purevjav Narangoo , Tomioka Naotaka , Yamashita Shigeru , Shinoda Keiji , Kobayashi Sachio , Shimizu Kenji , Ito Motoo , Fu Suyu , Gu Jesse , Hoffmann Christina , Lin Jung-Fu , Okuchi Takuo 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Bridgmanite, the most abundant mineral in the lower mantle, can play an essential role in deep-Earth hydrogen storage and circulation processes. To better evaluate the hydrogen storage capacity and its substitution mechanism in bridgmanite occurring in nature, we have synthesized high-quality single-crystal bridgmanite with a composition of (Mg0.88Fe0.052+Fe0.053+Al0.03)(Si0.88Al0.11H0.01)O3 at nearly water-saturated environments relevant to topmost lower mantle pressure and temperature conditions. The crystallographic site position of hydrogen in the synthetic (Fe,Al)-bearing bridgmanite is evaluated by a time-of-flight single-crystal neutron diffraction scheme, together with supporting evidence from polarized infrared spectroscopy. Analysis of the results shows that the primary hydrogen site has an OH bond direction nearly parallel to the crystallographic b axis of the orthorhombic bridgmanite lattice, where hydrogen is located along the line between two oxygen anions to form a straight geometry of covalent and hydrogen bonds. Our modeled results show that hydrogen is incorporated into the crystal structure via coupled substitution of Al3+ and H+ simultaneously exchanging for Si4+, which does not require any cation vacancy. The concentration of hydrogen evaluated by secondary-ion mass spectrometry and neutron diffraction is ~0.1 wt% H2O and consistent with each other, showing that neutron diffraction can be an alternative quantitative means for the characterization of trace amounts of hydrogen and its site occupancy in nominally anhydrous minerals.
High P-T phase relations of Al-bearing magnetite: Post-spinel phases as indicators for P-T conditions of formation of natural samples
Authors: Uenver-Thiele Laura , Woodland Alan B. , Miyajima Nobuyoshi , Ballaran Tiziana Boffa , Alig Edith , Fink Lothar 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The phase relations of Al-bearing magnetite were investigated between 6–22 GPa and 1000–1550 °C using a multi-anvil apparatus. This study demonstrates that the spinel-structured phase persists up to ~9–10 GPa at 1100–1400 °C irrespective of the amount of hercynite (FeAl2O4) component present (20, 40, or 60 mol%). At ~10 GPa, the assemblage Fe2(Al,Fe)2O5 + (Al,Fe)2O3 forms and remains stable up to 16–20 GPa and 1200–1550 °C. Fe2(Al,Fe)2O5 adopts the CaFe3O5-type structure with the Cmcm space group. At 18–22 GPa and T &gt;1300 °C the assemblage Fe3(Fe,Al)4O9 + (Al,Fe)2O3 becomes stable. Fe3(Fe,Al)4O9 is isostructural with Fe7O9, having the monoclinic structure of the C2/m space group. At T &lt;1300 °C, Fe3(Fe,Al)4O9 + (Al,Fe)2O3 gives way to the assemblage of a hp-Fe(Fe,Al)2O4 + (Al,Fe)2O3. This hp-Fe(Fe,Al)2O4 phase is unquenchable; a defect-bearing spinel-structured phase was recovered instead, and it contained numerous lamellae parallel to {100} or {113} planes and notably less Al than the initial starting composition. While low-pressure spinel can have a complete solid solution between Fe3+-Al, the post-spinel phases have only very limited Al solubility, with a maximum of ~0.1 cpfu Al in hp-Fe(Fe,Al)2O4, ~0.3 cpfu in Fe2(Fe,Al)2O5, and ~0.4 cpfu in Fe3(Fe,Al)4O9, respectively. As a result, the phase relations of Fe(Fe0.8Al0.2)2O4 can also be applied to bulk compositions richer in Al with the only difference being that larger amounts of an (Al,Fe)2O3 phase are present.
Coexisting rhombohedral-structured phases demonstrate that the binary miscibility gap established at low pressure between hematite and corundum is still valid up to 20 GPa. Since iron oxides (e.g., magnetite) with variable Al contents are found in extraterrestrial rocks or as inclusions in diamond, constraints on their high-P-T-fO2 stability might help unravel their formation conditions.
Editorial for Special Issue “Psychophysiology and Experimental Psychology”
Authors: Joel Rosa Pedro 
Published: August 2023

The first experimental laboratory in psychology was founded in Leipzig, Germany, where Wilhelm Wundt mainly investigated feelings and sensations by employing experimental methods. Almost a century and half after is debut, the experimental laboratories have extremely evolved in terms of apparatus, instruments, and recording techniques. Under a multi- and interdisciplinary perspective, we can now better understand human cognitive and affective processes. As current zeitgeist has placed increasing emphasis upon the ecologically valid research, an “out-of-the-lab” approach, integrated with both human and nonhuman research, is expected to leverage scientific advances in the field of human behavior.
Comparative analysis of 12 reference evapotranspiration methods for semi-arid regions (Spain)
Authors: Hernández-Bedolla Joel , Solera Abel , Sánchez-Quispe Sonia Tatiana , Domínguez-Sánchez Constantino 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Evapotranspiration is one of the most significant variables used to determine runoff, hydrological balances, and climate change studies. In semi-arid conditions, there is a need to evaluate various alternatives to establish reference evapotranspiration (ETo), given that climate change scenarios sometimes do not provide information on diverse climate variables. Several alternatives for obtaining evapotranspiration are analyzed in this study and compared with the Penman-Monteith method, modified by FAO (PMFAO56). Due to limited daily climate information, it is necessary to consider different options for determining reference evapotranspiration. In the present work, methods based on temperature (Hargreaves, Hargreaves 1, Hargreaves 2, and Baier-Robertson) and radiation (Caprio, Irmark 1, Irmark 2, Irmark 3, Makkink, Priestley-Taylor and Hasen) were investigated. The best performance for the semi-arid Jucar River Basin was determined by Hargreaves methods. Regional calibration of Hargreaves methods, Hargreaves 1 and Hargreaves 2, were performed for each sub-basin.
Determining the factors controlling the chemical composition of groundwater using geochemical methods and groundwater health assessment in Qixing Town, southwest China
Authors: Chen Jiajing , Zhu Mingtan , Liu Guo , Gao Man , Liu Jingjing , Zhang Wen 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Studies on groundwater quality and possible hazards to human health are important for improved groundwater utilization. This study explored the chemistry of groundwater in Qixing Town and the influencing factors. Statistical evaluation, ion correlation, Entropy-Weighted Water Quality Index (EWQI) assessment, and human health risk evaluation were conducted on data derived from 25 groundwater samples. The main groundwater chemistry types were HCO3–Na and HCO3–Ca. The results of ion and geological modeling analysis indicated that major ion concentrations were mainly determined by cation exchange. The study on the variation of heavy metal concentration in groundwater with depth shows that the heavy metal content in groundwater decreases first and then increases with the increase of depth, and the EWQI suggested that groundwater was suitable for drinking. The total carcinogenic health risks for Cr and As for both adults and children were higher than the highest permissible hazard value suggested by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). The categorization of hazardous ingestion (HI) by the USEPA indicated a negligible non-carcinogenic hazard to human health by toxic metals. The results suggest the need to increase Cr and As contamination monitoring in shallow groundwater. This study can facilitate the rational development of groundwater resources.
Dissolved iodine in the Changjiang River Estuary, China
Authors: Lin Jianrong 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

The distribution and behavior of total dissolved iodine (TDI) and its species-iodate, iodide, and dissolved organic iodine (DOI) in the Changjiang River Estuary (CJE) surface and subsurface waters were studied along the salinity gradient. Results showed that TDI concentration in the freshwater endmember of CJE was 0.037 μM and existed as iodide. Although the transformation of dissolved iodine forms was active, TDI showed a conservative behavior, ranging from 0.037 μM to 0.42 μM in the estuary. Iodate showed removal behavior (ranging within 0–0.277 μM), iodide showed additive behavior (ranging within 0.037–0.131 μM), whereas DOI showed additive (0 &lt; salinity &lt; 20) (ranging within 0–0.099 μM) and removal (20 &lt; salinity &lt; 33.5) behavior (ranging within 0.099-0.022 μM). The iodine atoms in DOI were supplied primarily by iodide when salinity was &lt;10 but by iodate when salinity was &gt;10. The iodine–carbon ratios in DOI from different sources were more than 10 times different. The annual flux of iodine in the Changjiang River was 4.0 × 109g, accounting for about 4% of the global river iodine flux.
Heterogeneity of Lipid Metabolism and its Clinical and Immune
Correlation in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zhang Xugang , Li Weiqing , Liu Taorui , Guo Huiqin , Sun Qianqian , Li Baozhong 
Published: August 2023

Introduction:
The role of lipid metabolism in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD)
is not completely researched. Lipid metabolism reprogramming is a characteristic of malignancies
and contributes to carcinogenesis and progression. The transcriptome and scRNA-
seq data and clinical information were downloaded from the public databases.

Methods:
Lipid metabolism pathways were collected from the MSigDB database, and
molecular subtypes were classified based on lipid metabolism features via consensus clustering.
The bidirectional crosstalk between immune cells and malignant cells was analyzed.
Differences in lipid metabolism at the single-cell level and their correlation with
the tumor microenvironment (TME) were also studied. LUAD patients were classified into
two subtypes, showing distinct mutation and lipid metabolism features based on lipid
metabolism characteristics. Meanwhile, significant differences in the overall survival,
clinical characteristics, and immune landscape were observed between the two subtypes.
We also found that clust1 had higher oxidative stress status. There were 116 differentially
expressed genes between the two subtypes, which were significantly associated with
cell cycle progression. We identified 4001 immune cells, including 483 malignant cells
and 3518 normal cells, and found active intercellular communication and significant differences
in lipid metabolism characteristics between the malignant cells and normal cells.
Furthermore, several lipid metabolism pathways were found to be associated with TME
factors, including hypoxia and angiogenesis.

Result:
The current findings indicated that lipid metabolism was involved in the development
and cellular heterogeneity of LUAD and revealed widespread reprogramming
across multiple cellular elements in the TME of LUAD.

Conclusion:
This characterization improved the current understanding of tumor biology
and enabled the identification of novel targets for immunotherapy.
Synthesis of Triamantane by Skeletal Transformation of Hexa- and
Heptacyclooctadecanes under the Action of Ionic Liquids
Authors: Aminov Rishat I. 
Published: August 2023

abstract:
New methods have been developed for the synthesis of the third representative of
the homologous series of diamond-like hydrocarbons, triamantane, with a yield of up to 78%,
by skeletal isomerization of iso-compositional endo-endo- and exo-exo-heptacyclo
[9.6.1.02,10.03,8.04,6.05,9.012,17]octadecanes under the action of aluminate ionic liquids. For the
first time, the synthesis and transformation of new C18H26 hydrocarbons - endo-exo- and exoexo-
hexacyclo[8.6.1.15,8.02,9.03,7.011,16]octadecanes into triamantane was carried out. It has
been established that for the successful conversion of polycyclic hydrocarbons of the composition
С18H26 containing two more hydrogen atoms in the molecule than in triamantane, the
addition of Pd/C to the ionic liquid is necessary.
Green Synthesis and Acetylcholinesterase Inhibition of Coumarin-1,2,4-Triazole
Hybrids
Authors: Karnaš Maja , Rastija Vesna , Šubarić Domagoj , Molnar Maja 
Published: August 2023

Abstract:
The pursuit of biologically active compounds has led many researchers to synthesize different heterocyclic
hybrids with prominent activity. Both coumarin and 1,2,4-triazole are very potent scaffolds whose hybrids have
improved biological activities.

:
This study synthesized twenty-one new coumarin-1,2,4-triazole hybrids in a one-step reaction using choline chloride
: urea deep eutectic solvent. The green approach to this synthesis has led to shorter reaction times, higher
yields, and purity of final compounds.

:
The title compounds were characterized and screened for drug-likeness parameters to evaluate their viability as
potential drug candidates and for their in vitro acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity. All tested compounds complied
with the drug-likeness rules. However, they exhibited only weak to moderate inhibitory activity against acetylcholinesterase.

:
Molecular docking analysis revealed that title compounds mostly bind to the peripheral anionic region of the acetylcholinesterase
active site, therefore hindering, but not completely obstructing, substrate from entering the enzyme
catalytic site.
Herbal Medicines as Adjuvants for the Treatment of Chemotherapy-Induced Diarrhea
Authors: Zheng Zicong , Srinual Songpol , Chen Jie , Li Li , Du Ting , Hu Ming , Sun Rongjin , Gao Song 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Chemotherapeutic drugs used in cancer treatment often result in gastrointestinal toxicity,
notably diarrhea, impacting patients’ quality of life. Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) has garnered
increasing interest as an alternative to conventional approaches as a potential solution for managing chemotherapyinduced
diarrhea (CID).

Objective:
To summarize current research focusing on herbal medicines as adjuvant therapy to prevent or treat
chemotherapy-induced diarrhea, including clinical assessments, mechanism of actions, active components, and potential
pharmacokinetic interactions between herbal medicines and chemotherapeutic drugs.

Methods:
We performed the literature review from PubMed, CNKI, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Scopus
using “Chemotherapy”, “Diarrhea,” and “Complementary and Alternative Medicine” as the search keywords.

Results:
Using herbal medicines as adjuvants provides an effective approach to treating or preventing CID with
improved or unaffected antitumor activity of chemotherapeutic drugs. Among these herbal formulations, scutellaria,
ginger, and ginseng are the most frequently used herbs in the prescriptions for CID. The main antidiarrheal components
in herbs include wogonin, baicalin, chrysin, quercetin, gingerol, and ginsenosides. These herbs, formulations,
and bioactive components relieved CID through different mechanisms, including directly decreasing local drug exposure,
anti-inflammation, inhibiting epithelial apoptosis, or promoting epithelium stem cell regeneration. The application
of herbal medicines as adjunctive therapies showed efficacy in preventing or treating CID in multiple clinical
trials. However, more well-designed clinical studies are expected to validate the results further. Despite some clinical
studies demonstrating that certain herbal medicines could potentially attenuate CID and improve efficacy, it remains
necessary to evaluate herbal safety. The interactions between herbs and drugs are also potential concerns, but few
clinical trials have focused on investigating this aspect.

Conclusion:
In clinical practise, herbal medications show potential as adjuvant treatments for gastrointestinal toxicities
induced by chemotherapy, particularly diarrhoea. Further well-designed clinical studies are needed to validate
their efficacy, ensure safety, and explore potential drug-herb interactions.
In vivo Metabolism of Nifurtimox and the Drug-Drug Interaction Potential Including its Major Metabolites
Authors: Schulz Simone I. , Lang Dieter , Schmuck Gabriele , Gerisch Michael , Bairlein Michaela , Fricke Robert , Stass Heino 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Nifurtimox is an effective treatment for patients with Chagas disease, but knowledge of its
biotransformation and excretion is limited.

Objective:
This study aimed to better understand the fate of oral nifurtimox in vivo.

Methods:
We investigated the exposure and excretion pathways of [14C]-labeled nifurtimox and its metabolites in
rats. We then quantified the prominent metabolites and nifurtimox in the urine and plasma of patients receiving
nifurtimox using LC-HRMS with reference standards and quantified these compounds in rat plasma after a single,
high dose of nifurtimox. We also investigated potential drug-drug interactions (DDIs) of these compounds in vitro

Results:
In rats, orally administered nifurtimox was rapidly absorbed (tmax 0.5 h) and eliminated (t½ 1.4 h). Metabolism
of nifurtimox yielded six predominant metabolites (M-1 to M-6) in urine and plasma, and the dose was excreted
equally via the renal and fecal routes with only traces of unchanged nifurtimox detectable due to its instability in
excreta. In patients with Chagas disease, only M-6 and M-4 achieved relevant exposure levels, and the total amount
of excreted metabolites in urine was higher in fed versus fasted patients, consistent with the higher systemic exposure.
For nifurtimox, M-6, and M-4, no potential perpetrator pharmacokinetic DDIs with the main cytochrome P-
450 enzymes and drug transporters were identified in vitro.

Conclusion:
This contemporary analysis of the complex metabolite profile and associated exposures emerging
after oral dosing of nifurtimox in rats and humans, together with the expected low risk for clinically relevant DDIs,
expands the understanding of this important anti-trypanosomal drug.
In Vitro Antibacterial Activity of a Novel Acid-Activated Antimicrobial
Peptide against Streptococcus mutans
Authors: Lin Haixing , Zhou Runhong , Zhang Minna , Huang Ruifeng , Fan Cuiqiong , Zhou Shaofen , Qiu Jingnan , He Jian 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Dental caries is an oral disease associated with infection by microbial biofilm.
The metabolic activity of cariogenic bacteria results in a pH decrease in the plaque biofilm,
causing tooth demineralization. This acidic environment favors the growth of cariogenic bacteria
that are highly resistant to strong acids, which, in turn, produce more acid resulting in a further decrease
in the pH of the plaque biofilm. Therefore, the strategy of utilizing the acidic dental plaque
microenvironment to prevent and treat dental caries has become a hot research topic in recent
years, such as the development of pH-sensitive drug delivery systems.

Aims:
Design of a new acid-activated antibacterial peptide.

Objective:
To design and synthesis an acid targeted antimicrobial peptide with the GWHHFFHFFHFF
sequence.

Methods:
Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bacterial concentration (MBC)
testing confirmed its antibacterial activity. Propidium iodide (PI) staining was used to detect nucleic
acid leakage. Determination of anti-biofilm activity by biofilm inhibition assay. A phototoxicity
study confirmed the phototoxicity of PPIX-P12.

Results:
MIC and MBC testing confirmed that P12 possessed acid-activated anti-Streptococcus mutans
activity. Bactericidal kinetic experiments and propidium iodide (PI) staining experiments
showed that P12 killed planktonic S. mutans UA159 cells leading to the leakage of nucleic acids in
the acidic medium. Moreover, P12 showed acid-activated anti-biofilms at the early and mature biofilm
stages. P12 was conjugated with the phototherapeutic agent protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) to construct
the protoporphyrin derivative PpIX-P12. In vitro experiments revealed that PpIX-P12 displayed
better antibacterial activity in pH 5.5 medium than in pH 7.2 medium.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, we designed an acid-activated AMP, which had no antimicrobial activity
at neutral pH, but had antimicrobial activity at an acidic pH.
Bio-Functional Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles as Nano-Structured
Carriers in Cancer Theranostic Review on Recent Advancements
Authors: Gevariya Darshan , Priya Lipika , Mehta Smit , Patel Vishwas , Bhuva Dhara , Panjwani Drishti , Patel Shruti , Ahlawat Priyanka , Dharamsi Abhay , Patel Asha 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Cancer is a life-threatening disease worldwide, but proper treatment has
not yet been developed. Many therapies are available to treat cancer disorders, like chemotherapy,
surgery, hormone therapy, and immunotherapy. Chemotherapy often relies on a combination of
harmful, highly toxic platinum-based compounds. Also, there are chances of poor distribution of
chemotherapeutic agents and cytotoxic to most cells which leads to damage to other healthy cells,
also, there are chances of resistance.

Objective:
The main objective of this study is the development of mesoporous silica nanoparticles.
Mesoporous silica nanoparticles are recognized as carriers with high drug loading capacity and significant
functionalized surface area for targeted drug delivery. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles
have shape, particle size, pore volume, higher surface area, and the possibility of surface modification.
Hence results in thermally and chemically stable nanomaterials. For targeted drug delivery,
MSN is conjugated with a variety of ligands, including monoclonal antibodies, hyaluronic acid,
transferrin, folic acid, etc., that have a particular affinity for the receptors that are overexpressed on
the surface of malignant cells, so using this nanocarrier reducing the dose related toxicity of normal
cell.

Methods:
This review focuses on different methods for synthesizing mesoporous silica nanoparticles.
Sol-gel method and modified stobber method were used for the synthesis of this nanoparticle.

Results:
Successfully synthesized mesoporous silica nanoparticle with particle size around 50-200
nm and drug loading efficiency was found to be around 71%.

Conclusion:
Mesoporous silica nanoparticles are great carriers for intracellular and targeted drug
delivery systems.