bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gamified monetary reward designs: Offering certain versus chance‐based rewards
Authors: Adam Martin , Reinelt Annika , Roethke Konstantin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTo motivate visitors to engage with websites, e‐tailers widely employ monetary rewards (e.g., vouchers, discounts) in their website designs. With advances in user interface technologies, many e‐tailers have started to offer gamified monetary reward designs (MRDs), which require visitors to earn the monetary reward by playing a game, rather than simply claiming the reward. However, little is known about whether and why gamified MRDs engage visitors compared to their non‐gamified counterpart. Even less is known about the effectiveness of gamified MRDs when providing certain or chance‐based rewards, in that visitors do or do not know what reward they will gain for successfully performing in the game. Drawing on cognitive evaluation theory, we investigate gamified MRDs with certain or chance‐based rewards and contrast them to non‐gamified MRDs with certain rewards in user registration systems. Our results from a multi‐method approach encompassing the complementary features of a randomised field experiment (N = 651) and a randomised online experiment (N = 330) demonstrate differential effects of the three investigated MRDs on user registration. Visitors encountering either type of gamified MRD are more likely to register than those encountering a non‐gamified MRD. Moreover, gamified MRDs with chance‐based rewards have the highest likelihood of user registrations. We also show that MRDs have distinct indirect effects on user registration via anticipated experiences of competence and sensation. Overall, the paper offers theoretical insights and practical guidance on how and why gamified MRDs are effective for e‐tailers.
Clinical characteristics and survival analysis of cutaneous metastases in a single tertiary centre in Korea
Authors: Shin Dong Min , Jung Yeon Joo , Kim Heeyeon , Oh Se Jin , Shim Joonho , Lee Jong Hee , Lee Dong‐Youn , Park Jihye 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundCutaneous metastasis (CM) refers to the spread of malignancy to the skin. CM is perceived as an advanced stage. It might be the first sign of a primary cancer or an indicator of recurrence.ObjectivesTo identify primary cancers associated with CMs and perform a survival analysis according to advanced stage of cutaneous metastasis at a single tertiary centre in Korea.MethodsA total of 219 patients from Samsung Medical Center from January 2009 to April 2020 were retrospectively analysed to identify cases with biopsy‐proven CMs. According to advanced stage of metastasis, patients were divided into three stages, CM only (CMO), CM with lymph node metastasis (CM/LM) and CM with distant metastasis (CM/DM), to analyse clinical characteristics and survival rate.ResultsThe most common CM from primary cancer was breast cancer, followed by lung cancer, stomach cancer, colorectal cancer and others. When all primary cancers were included, the median survival period was 4.82 years for the CMO stage, 2.15 years for the CM/LM stage and 0.80 years for the CM/DM stage, with a tendency to deteriorate with advancing stage. At 1‐ and 3‐year after occurrence of CM, the CM/DM stage showed a significantly poorer survival rate than the other two stages.ConclusionsThis study showed a median survival period of 22 months for CM patients overall. Breast cancer has greater accessibility to the skin than other cancers. Therefore, breast cancer can metastasize to the skin without involving lymph nodes or other sites.
Risk of variant Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease in a simulated cohort of Canadian blood donors
Authors: Pozzo di Borgo Alexis , Germain Marc , O'Brien Sheila F. , Delage Gilles , Renaud Christian , Lewin Antoine 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesNo transfusion‐associated cases of variant Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (vCJD) have occurred in more than 20 years. Yet, many countries have maintained blood donor deferral criteria for vCJD. We developed a risk simulation model to reassess the need for vCJD‐related deferral criteria in Canada.Materials and MethodsThe model provides results separately for Héma‐Québec (HQ) and Canadian Blood Services (CBS). The model used a Monte Carlo simulation approach to estimate the risk of having a vCJD‐contaminated blood donation (‘risk of vCJD’) in a simulated cohort of 10 million donors followed for up to 85 years. The model assumed current deferral criteria for vCJD were lifted, which would allow new ‘at‐risk’ donors to give blood. The model accounted for disease prevalence, donors' travel/immigration history, PRNP genotype at codon 129, demographics and the type of labile blood product.ResultsIn the base case, the risk of vCJD was estimated at zero at both blood services. In the most pessimistic scenario, the risk of vCJD was 6.4 × 10−9 (i.e., 1 in 157 million donations) at HQ, or ≤1 in 77 million based on the upper bound of the 95% confidence interval (CI). At CBS, this risk was 4.8 × 10−8 (i.e., 1 in 21 million donations), or ≤1 in 16 million based on the upper bound of the 95% CI.ConclusionvCJD poses minimal risks to the Canadian blood supply. Current vCJD deferral criteria may, therefore, be lifted with virtually no impact on safety, while significantly expanding the donor base.
Age and Isotope-Geochemical Characteristics of Ta, Nb, W, Sn Mineralization Associated with Rare-Metal Granites (Khangilay Ore District, Eastern Transbaikalia)
Authors: Badanina E. V. , Syritso L. F. , Ivanova A. A. , Rizvanova N. G. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe age relations between the formation of the parent massif and the crystallization time of the associated ore mineralization were established based on isotope-geochronological study of the massif-deposits of the Khangilay ore cluster with various metallogenic specialization in Eastern Transbaikalia. In the Orlovka Li–F granite massif, the crystallization time of columbite–tantalite (145 ± 1 Ma) and cassiterite (144.2 ± 0.3 Ma) (U-Pb, ID-TIMS) is almost identical to the crystallization time of zircon (140.6 ± 2.9 Ма (U-Pb, SHRIMP) and 145 ± 1 Ma (U-Pb, CA-ID-TIMS)), which is an age marker of the formation of massifs. This fact testifies to the magmatogenic nature of rare-metal mineralization. In the Spokojnoye massif – the “standard type” of rare-metal peraluminous granites—a 0.6–3.8 Ma time gap was revealed between the time of massif formation (141.3 ± 1.8 Ма, U-Pb, SHRIMP, 146.9 ± 0.7 Ма, Rb-Sr isotopic system) and crystallization of wolframite (141.8 ± 0.6, Rb-Sr isotopic system and 140.1 ± 1.4 Ма, Sm-Nd isotopic system). This interval likely corresponds to the life time of the hydrothermal system, which produced tungsten mineralization.
Leveraging pre-trained language models for mining microbiome-disease relationships
Authors: Karkera Nikitha , Acharya Sathwik , Palaniappan Sucheendra K. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
The growing recognition of the microbiome’s impact on human health and well-being has prompted extensive research into discovering the links between microbiome dysbiosis and disease (healthy) states. However, this valuable information is scattered in unstructured form within biomedical literature. The structured extraction and qualification of microbe-disease interactions are important. In parallel, recent advancements in deep-learning-based natural language processing algorithms have revolutionized language-related tasks such as ours. This study aims to leverage state-of-the-art deep-learning language models to extract microbe-disease relationships from biomedical literature.

Results
In this study, we first evaluate multiple pre-trained large language models within a zero-shot or few-shot learning context. In this setting, the models performed poorly out of the box, emphasizing the need for domain-specific fine-tuning of these language models. Subsequently, we fine-tune multiple language models (specifically, GPT-3, BioGPT, BioMedLM, BERT, BioMegatron, PubMedBERT, BioClinicalBERT, and BioLinkBERT) using labeled training data and evaluate their performance. Our experimental results demonstrate the state-of-the-art performance of these fine-tuned models ( specifically GPT-3, BioMedLM, and BioLinkBERT), achieving an average F1 score, precision, and recall of over $$>0.8$$

>
0.8

compared to the previous best of 0.74.

Conclusion
Overall, this study establishes that pre-trained language models excel as transfer learners when fine-tuned with domain and problem-specific data, enabling them to achieve state-of-the-art results even with limited training data for extracting microbiome-disease interactions from scientific publications.
Iron accumulation and lipid peroxidation: implication of ferroptosis in diabetic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Yan Xuehua , Xie Yang , Liu Hongbing , Huang Meng , Yang Zhen , An Dongqing , Jiang Guangjian 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDiabetic cardiomyopathy (DC) is a serious heart disease caused by diabetes. It is unrelated to hypertension and coronary artery disease and can lead to heart insufficiency, heart failure and even death. Currently, the pathogenesis of DC is unclear, and clinical intervention is mainly symptomatic therapy and lacks effective intervention objectives. Iron overdose mediated cell death, also known as ferroptosis, is widely present in the physiological and pathological processes of diabetes and DC. Iron is a key trace element in the human body, regulating the metabolism of glucose and lipids, oxidative stress and inflammation, and other biological processes. Excessive iron accumulation can lead to the imbalance of the antioxidant system in DC and activate and aggravate pathological processes such as excessive autophagy and mitochondrial dysfunction, resulting in a chain reaction and accelerating myocardial and microvascular damage. In-depth understanding of the regulating mechanisms of iron metabolism and ferroptosis in cardiovascular vessels can help improve DC management. Therefore, in this review, we summarize the relationship between ferroptosis and the pathogenesis of DC, as well as potential intervention targets, and discuss and analyze the limitations and future development prospects of these targets.
Causes of depressive disorders and their degree and severity among high school students
Authors: Zając Anna , Dobko Katarzyna , Frącz Gabriela , Glac Agata , Kuliga Klaudia , Musz Kinga , Sejnowska Natalia , Socha Agnieszka , Surowiec Agata , Śnieżek Kinga 
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Depressive disorders are common in children and adolescents, but often go undiagnosed. They are associated with serious consequences, as well as with serious impairments both in terms of personal and social life, increasing the risk of suicide and psychoactive substance abuse.

Objective: The aim of the study was to analyze the most common factors causing depressive disorders and to assess their frequency and severity among adolescents.

Materials and methods:The study was conducted in one of the secondary schools in Krosno. 316 students (245 girls, 71 boys) aged 15 to 19 participated in the study. The results of 27 questions on depressive disorders were obtained using an anonymous online questionnaire.

Results: Among 316 students, as many as 40.5% do not know whether they suffer from depressive disorders, while 12% are sure of it, of which 71% have started treatment. However, sadness and depression as well as loss of interest and pleasure from doing favorite activities lasting 2 weeks or more, as well as a sense of worthlessness and lower self-esteem reach over 27% of students. The study shows that 15% of students may be undiagnosed. Suicidal thoughts occur in 44.9% of the respondents. 6.3% of students have attempted suicide and 2.8% want to take their own lives.

Conclusions: Depressive disorders are a common problem among hight school studnets. The most common disorders coexisting with depression in the examined adolescents were eating disorders. Increased awareness of depression symptoms among adolescents, parents, school psychologist and family doctor is a key element for diagnosis and therapy.
Alfabetización Multimodal
Authors: Guzmán Diego 
Published: July 2023

En la búsqueda por extender los aprendizajes de la investigación en alfabetización hacia otros campos creativos, el presente artículo estudia la relación recíproca entre la comunicación y la alfabetización desde una perspectiva histórica, subrayando la relación entre las tecnologías mediáticas y los procesos sociales y cognitivos mediante los que percibimos, aprendemos y transformamos el mundo.
A través de diferentes ejemplos, el texto ilustra la continuidad entre diferentes modos de expresión y la versatilidad de las herramientas compositivas para escribir en diversos lenguajes, que a su vez dan cuenta de las competencias necesarias para su lectura. Reflexiono en torno a las propiedades del campo de la comunicación a partir de diferentes modelos gráficos que exploran la forma, estructura y relaciones entre diferentes modos de comunicación.
Finalmente, las conclusiones apuntan hacia el estudio de la comunicación de manera fenomenológica y material, como un campo que da forma y evidencia la cultura, que nos permite ver más allá de las disciplinas y los oficios, para abordarla desde la complejidad, como un fenómeno inteligible y peculiar a través del cual le damos sentido a nuestra realidad.
Environmental predictors of Seagrass Phenotype Variability in a Temperate Lagoon Ecosystem.
Authors: Lawrence Cloverley Mercia 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Seagrass ecosystems provide essential services but have declined worldwide due to human and natural influences. Thermal stress from diurnal and seasonal fluctuations, coupled with climatic factors, impact seagrass productivity and distribution. To survive in dynamic environments, plants must adapt or acclimate. Following concerning declines, environmental factors responsible for spatial and temporal variability were investigated in a dwarf eelgrass (Zostera capensis) habitat within a temperate lagoon. Significant differences in shoot densities, leaf size, and biomass of Zostera populations near the mouth and at the end of the lagoon were observed, with distinct seasonal responses. Severe diebacks were observed in summer with subsequent recovery under favourable conditions. Generalized additive mixed modelling revealed seagrass densities to be primarily (> 80%) predicted by water temperature, turbidity, and exposure. Those exposed longer during low tide exhibited a small-leaved morphotype in higher densities. Conversely, deeper intertidal stands supported a sparser large-leaved morphotype. These traits represent a phenotypic response enabling populations to acclimate to the prevailing environmental conditions, altering their characteristics and interactions. Large-leaved populations supported higher epiphyte loads and faunal diversity compared to small-leaved populations. High gene flow suggested that morphotypic variations are predominantly phenotypically based rather than genetically driven. Trends in Zostera cover within the lagoon reveal greater declines closer to the mouth, implying a concurrent decline in associated macro-epifaunal communities dependent on large-leaved populations. With climate change-induced warming, further decreases in Zostera and ensuing loss of large-leaved populations are expected, with likely negative repercussions on associated epifaunal communities and other trophic levels within the system.
Water quality indexes and multivariate statistic methods application: case study of Mirin Lagoon
Authors: Borges Elisa Leal , Valentini Marlon Heitor Kunst , Santos Gabriel Borges dos , Franz Henrique Sanchez , Vieira Bruno Muller 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

The irrational use of water bodies has been a main concern worldwide, requiring the steady monitoring of water sources in order to track whether the water quality parameters are within the guidelines limits. Therefore, the current study aims to evaluate the water quality of Mirim Lagoon by using a water quality index and statistical methods. Also, this study seeks to analyze, by the correlation matrix, the influence of the parameters used in WQI on the results of the index for Mirin Lagoon, as well as compare and validate, via a significance test, the results of WQIValentini with the results of WQICETESB, widely applied in Brazil. The water samples analyzed in this study were collected over the years 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, and 2022 from several monitoring points of Mirim Lagoon. The WQICETESB results of the monitoring points in Mirim Lagoon, ranged from 58.3 to 81, falling within acceptable and good water quality, respectively. Regarding the correlation-WQI parameter, phosphorus was the most representative parameter for the WQICETESB result in the monitoring points ML1, ML2, ML3, ML4, and ML5, while the thermotolerant coliforms was the most significant parameter for the points ML6 and ML7. On the other hand, the WQIValentini results ranged from 48.0 to 76.9, maintaining the absolute majority within acceptable and good ranges. Moreover, in order to compare the results of WQICETESB with the WQIValentini, and, hence, prove or disprove the equivalence of both, a paired t-test was used, demonstrating that there is no significant variation between both indexes. The results of this study enabled us to evaluate the Mirim Lagoon water quality by using WQICETESB and WQIValentini, as well as by using multivariate statistical methods. In addition, regarding the use of the WQIValentini to assess Mirin Lagoon water quality, there was evidence that this index generates results statistically indistinguishable from those generated by the WQICETESB, proving its applicability for water quality monitoring of this lagoon. Furthermore, it is worth mentioning that the use of an adequate equation with fewer variables provides a reduction in the costs of physicochemical and microbiological analysis, which may encourage environmental agencies to invest more in water quality monitoring.
The number of similar epitopes determines the longevity of immunological memory
Authors: Yuan Shu , Yang Xin-Yue , Fu Yu-Fan , Xie Lin-Bei , Zhang Zhong-Wei , Jiang Si-Cong , Hu Jing , Hu Jing , Yuan Ming , Chen Yang-Er 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The half-life of specific antibodies against various antigens varies tremendously from a few months to over 10,000 years. The reasons are largely unknown. Through epitope analysis of representative viruses, we found that the longevity of immunological memory may be correlated with the number of epitopes with similar sequences (EWSS) within each virus. Accordingly, a vaccine against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) with 4.5-times higher antibody titers and over 100 months of half-life was developed in a rabbit model. The decay pattern of antibodies against each epitope or the entire SARS-CoV-2 spike protein was roughly correlated with the number of EWSS in immunizationtreatments, –that is, for every additional EWSS, the half-life of the antibody would be doubled. After immunization, proportions of antigen-specific memory B cells (MBC) first increased and then decreased. In the descending phase, the antibody titers were positively correlated with the numbers of MBC. This study also discusses improvement measures for vaccines against other viruses.
A novel copper-based metal-organic framework: Synthesis, characterization and evaluation for the hydrogenation of furfural to furfuryl alcohol
Authors: Moyo Pamela , Mehlana Gift , Matsinha Leah C. , Makhubela Banothile C.E. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

A novel Cu-MOF was synthesized at room temperature from commercially available and inexpensive reagents. The pre-catalyst was characterized using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy, Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, Brunauer-Emmet-Teller (BET) and scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The Cu-MOF was characterized as microporous material with BET surface area and pore volume of 7.47 m²/g and 0.27 cm³/g, respectively, and is stable in most solvents. The MOF was evaluated as a heterogeneous catalyst for the hydrogenation of furfural to furfuryl alcohol (FA). Cu-MOF exhibited a high conversion of FF (76%) with selectivity towards FA (100%) at 140 °C, 50 bar for 24 hours. The MOF was reused four consecutive times with a loss in catalytic performance. The decrease in catalytic activity could be attributed to the formation of inactive Cu(0) as revealed by HR-TEM and XPS studies. HR-TEM of spent Cu-MOF showed a uniform particle size diameter of 3.5 nm. This work is significant in providing new strategies for the design and fabrication of highly selective MOF catalysts for the FF upgrading.
UCGAN：An efficient unaligned I2I translation based on contrastive learning
Authors: Wang Shibin , Zhang Shiying , Guo Wenjie , Guo Xuening , Guo Jiayi , Liu Dong 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Image-to-image translation with unaligned domains is a seminal work that is capable of automatically selecting suitable image of unaligned dataset for translation. Unaligned datasets often contain irrelevant images that disrupt translation. However, the accuracy of selecting appropriate images is an issue that needs to be urgently improved. To improve the grasp of image features and enhance the performance of unaligned image-to-image translation without changing much semantic information, we propose a novel framework UCGAN, which is able to focus on both local and global features of the image. Inspired by the contrastive learning, here we propose the Patch-by-Patch Feature Contrastive(PPFC). PPFC reuses the encoder of the generator to extract multi-layer features of different image patches. We then normalize the various features using L1-norm instead of L2-norm. To further improve translation performance, we also set up paired feature comparisons. We compare our proposed method UCGAN with state-of-the-art and experiments demonstrate the superiority and practicality of our method.
Screening of Tetraploid Wheat Genotypes for Drought Tolerance during Early Growth Stage by Multivariate Analysis and Stress Indices
Authors: Benlioğlu Berk 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Tetraploid wheat is selective concerning climate and soil conditions for high quality and yield. This study adopted, eleven cultivars used broadly in durum wheat cultivation in Türkiye and one hulled tetraploid wheat genotypes were used as the genetic material. To determine drought reaction of wheat genotypes, drought stress with different severities (-0.50, -1.48, -2.95 and − 4.91 bar) was applied by PEG 6000 during germination. The difference among the genotypes, stress levels and Genotype x Stress interaction was significant at the p < 0.01 level in terms of the examined characteristics. The tolerance and susceptibility levels of the genotypes were revealed by the stress tolerance index and stress susceptibility index. Principal component analysis and biplot graphs made according to the germination traits and stress tolerance index values of the genotypes clearly showed how the genotypes were ranked according to the tolerance indicators. Cluster analysis was performed to determine the genetic relationship among genotypes. Accordingly the varieties with the least genetic distance between them were determined as Çeşit-1252 and Kunduru-1149. Given the results obtained, drought tolerance of Eminbey, Kızıltan-91, and Sarıçanak-98 was found higher than other varieties. The findings of the present study have shown that drought tolerance and susceptibility levels of durum wheat and other similar plants can be reliably determined in the fastest, cheapest and most practical way with the applied methods and analyses.