bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Activity diversity is associated with the prevention of frailty in community-dwelling older adults: The Otassha Study
Authors: Takahashi Junta , Kawai Hisashi , Ejiri Manami , Fujiwara Yoshinori , Hirano Hirohiko , Sasai Hiroyuki , Ihara Kazushige , Ishii Kaori , Oka Koichiro , Obuchi Shuichi 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionA prior study showed an association between diversity in daily activities (type, frequency, evenness) and frailty in older adults. However, the causality of this relationship is unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to clarify the relationship between activity diversity and frailty through a 2-year longitudinal study conducted among community-dwelling older adults.MethodsWe evaluated data from the 2018 and 2020 waves of the Otassha Study. Frailty was assessed using the Cardiovascular Health Study criteria, with pre-frail and frail participants defined as frail and the other participants categorized into the robust group. We enrolled a total of 207 participants who were not frail at baseline. Activity type, frequency, and evenness scores were calculated using an Activity Diversity Questionnaire. The association between each activity diversity score and the incidence of frailty was evaluated using logistic regression modeling (each diversity score was entered the model after Z-transformation).ResultsOf the 207 enrolled participants (median age, 73 years; age range, 65–91 years; 60.4% women), 64 (30.9%) had incident frailty during the follow-up period. A logistic regression analysis adjusting for sociodemographic and psychosomatic factors revealed odds ratios for activity type and evenness scores of 0.64 and 0.61, respectively (P &lt; 0.05). These factors were significantly associated with the incidence of frailty.DiscussionActivity type and evenness (except frequency) within daily activities were predictors of frailty during 2 years of follow-up. Engagement in diverse activities appears to be more effective in preventing frailty than does engagement in a few activities.
An overview and trend analysis of research on the relationship between urban streets and residents' health in China pre- and post COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Meng Lingchao , Wen Kuo-Hsun 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionAfter the outbreak of COVID-19, the international community has been faced with various problems it has brought to cities. A large number of research projects and corresponding management measures were launched globally, trying to reduce the impact of COVID-19 on society. Among them, exploring how to maintain the health of residents by managing and updating the design of urban streets is one of the important issues regarding urban sustainability in the post-epidemic era.MethodsThis study uses bibliometric analysis techniques to obtain an overview of the knowledge structure of 898 Chinese urban streets and residents' health relationship studies from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) database for two periods (1999–2019 and 2020–2022). Five aspects were analyzed in terms of the keyword domain co-occurrence network, topic evolution path, emergent terms, hierarchical clustering, and confusion matrix.Results and discussionThe findings revealed that studies focused on six broad themes: community residents, health surveys, health education, COVID-19, healthy city, and public health. Based on these findings, the paper compares and discusses research priorities before and after the outbreak and highlights areas for further research and attention.
Interventions for reducing blood pressure in prehypertension: A meta-analysis
Authors: Li Wenjing , Liu Hao , Wang Xinai , Liu Jingying , Xiao Hongling , Wang Chenqi , Wu Yaxuan 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundWe aimed to address which interventions best control blood pressure (BP) and delay disease progression in prehypertension and to give recommendations for the best option following a quality rating.MethodsA Bayesian network meta-analysis was used to assess the effect of the intervention on BP reduction, delaying hypertension progression and final outcome, with subgroup analyses for time and ethnicity. Recommendations for interventions were finally based on cumulative ranking probabilities and CINeMA.ResultsFrom 22,559 relevant articles, 101 eligible randomized controlled trial articles (20,176 prehypertensive subjects) were included and 30 pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions were evaluated. Moderate-quality evidence demonstrated that angiotensin II receptor blockers, aerobic exercise (AE), and dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) lowered systolic blood pressure (SBP). For lowering diastolic blood pressure (DBP), AE combined with resistance exercise (RE) or AE alone provided high quality evidence, with calcium channel blockers, lifestyle modification (LSM) combined with drug providing moderate quality evidence. LSM produced the best BP lowering effect at 12 months and beyond of intervention. In Asians, TCD bubble was moderate quality evidence for lowering SBP and RE may have had a BP lowering effect in Caucasians. No recommendation can be given for delaying the progression of hypertension and reducing mortality outcomes because of low to very low quality of evidence.ConclusionAE combined RE are preferentially recommended for BP control in prehypertension, followed by DASH. Long-term BP control is preferred to LSM. Asians and Caucasians add TCD bubble and RE to this list as potentially effective interventions.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42022356302, identifier: CRD42022356302.
Faecal markers of intestinal inflammation in slum infants following yogurt intervention: A pilot randomized controlled trial in Bangladesh
Authors: Jannat Kaniz , Kader Md. Abdul , Parvez Sarker Masud , Thomson Russell , Rahman Mahbubur , Kabir Mamun , Agho Kingsley , Haque Rashidul , Merom Dafna 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionWe evaluated the effects of yogurt supplementation and nutrition education to low educated mothers on infant-gut health at an early age.MethodsWe designed a three-arm pilot randomized controlled trial with 162 infants aged 5-6 months and at risk of stunting (LAZ ≤-1 SD and &gt;-2 SD at enrollment) living in slum areas in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Eligible children were randomized to receive, 1) nutrition education, 2) yogurt supplementation plus nutrition education or 3) usual care. Three faecal inflammatory biomarkers alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and neopterin (NEO) were measured before and after three months of yogurt feeding. ResultsAt the end of three months, there were no significant differences in the biomarker concentrations between the yogurt plus group and control. Compared to control, the adjusted mean faecal NEO concentration decreased by 21% (NEO: RR 0.79, 95% CI: 0.60, 1.04) and the adjusted mean faecal AAT concentration decreased by 8% (AAT: RR 0.92, 95% CI: 0.69, 1.22); whereas, the adjusted mean faecal MPO concentration increased by 14% (MPO: RR 1.14, 95% CI: 0.62, 2.09). Such changes were not apparent in the education only group. DiscussionAfter a three-month trial of daily yogurt feeding to children at risk of stunting and infant feeding education to their mothers, reduction in one inflammatory biomarker reached close to statistical significance, but not all of the measured biomarkers. The study did not finish its endline measurements at 6-month as designed due to COVID 19 pandemic. This has greatly impacted the interpretation of the results as we could not establish a decreasing trend in biomarker concentration with continued yogurt feeding.
“Fitting in whilst standing out”: Identity flexing strategies of professional British women of African, Asian, and Caribbean ethnicities
Authors: Opara Victoria , Ryan Michelle K. , Sealy Ruth , Begeny Christopher T. 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionProfessional British women of African, Asian, and Caribbean (AAC) ethnicities contend with unique challenges and experiences in the workplace. These challenges are often due to experiences that occur at the intersection of gender and ethnic identity, thus many professional white British women (of Anglo-Saxon decent), do not face the same challenges. AAC women are more often discriminated against, excluded from informal networks, and their contributions credited to someone else. We take an intersectional theoretical approach to better understand both the disadvantaged experiences and the possible advantaged experiences that British AAC women face, based on their experiences as AAC individuals, as women and as AAC women. The study seeks to 'give voice' to the experiences of AAC professional women, due to the limited amount of scholarship that adequately considers their workplace experiences. We consider the ways that their identity produces qualitatively different experiences determined by the context, by the nature of interpersonal encounters or by both the context and interpersonal encounters.MethodsWe conduct real-time online written interviews and utilize thematic template analysis to understand whether AAC women strategically flex identity at work. We present four major themes. These are (1) the benefits of identity flexing, (2) the role of specific stereotypes, (3) context specific opportunities, and (4) the costs of identity flexing. We draw on literature that suggests that AAC women's identity experiences are not exclusively oppressive.ResultsWe find that unique experiences, occurring at the intersection of facets of identity may also yield forms of relative advantage, wherein individuals are able to adaptively leverage opportunities. Our results demonstrate that where the facets of one's identity are more varied, there might be more chance that the particular identity will be valued in a given social context. As a result, the individual may try to assimilate with certain identity groups (through flexing), as the context directs.DiscussionNevertheless, engaging in identity flexing strategies has costs for women's well-being, such as needing to perform increased amounts of emotional labor and heightened feelings of frustration. Overall, these costs (as well as benefits), evidence the complex nature of identity flexing and the likely negative well-being implications that could ensue for the individual.
Associations between dairy farm performance indicators and culling rates under policy-driven herd size constraints
Authors: Kulkarni Pranav Shrikant , Mourits Monique , Nielen Mirjam , Steeneveld Wilma 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionThis article aimed to study cross-sectional associations between the performance of dairy farms and their corresponding culling proportions under the herd size constraint as imposed in 2018 by the new phosphate regulation in the Netherlands.MethodsTo this end, production data from 10,540 Dutch dairy farms were analyzed to capture the inflow and outflow of both primiparous and multiparous cows. Farm performance was measured by 10 indicators structured in four areas of longevity, production, reproduction, and udder health. Farm culling proportions were represented by the overall culling (OC) and the number of culled primiparous cows in relation to (i) the total number of producing cows (PC), (ii) the number of producing primiparous cows (PPC), and (iii) the number of culled producing cows (POC). Spearman's rank correlation and weighted logistic regression were adopted to study associations.ResultsIn 2018, on average, 28% of producing cows were culled (OC). The number of primiparous cows culled represented 4.5% of the total number of producing cows (PC) and the mean proportion of culled primiparous cows was 18.8% of the total number of producing primiparous cows (PPC), and, of the total number of producing culled cows, 15% were primiparous cows (POC). However, the variance around the mean, and among individual farms, was high (SD 4–15% for all four culling proportions). Results from rank correlation showed very low-rank conformity (&lt;12%) between the areas of production, reproduction, and udder health to the culling proportions. Results from logistic regression showed that higher farm levels of production and higher percentages of cows with poor udder health were associated with more overall culling but with less primiparous culling. For reproduction indicators, the associations were similar for overall and primiparous culling. However, except for the average age of culled animals, the odds ratios for indicators were close to 1 (range: 0.92–1.07 and 0.68–1.07 for OC and PPC, respectively), indicating only weak associations to culling proportions.DiscussionIn conclusion, although the introduction of phosphate regulation resulted in an increased outflow of cattle, corresponding culling proportions were not associated with the level of farm performance measured in terms of production, reproduction, or udder health.
Impact of Grass Pea Sweet Miso Incorporation in Vegan Emulsions: Rheological, Nutritional and Bioactive Properties
Authors: Simões Sara , Carrera Sanchez Cecilio , Santos Albano Joel , Figueira Diogo , Prista Catarina , Raymundo Anabela 
Published: March 2023

Grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) is a pulse with historical importance in Portugal, but that was forgotten over time. Previous to this work, an innovative miso was developed to increase grass pea usage and consumption, using fermentation as a tool to extol this ingredient. Our work’s goal was to develop a new vegan emulsion with added value, using grass pea sweet miso as a clean-label ingredient, aligned with the most recent consumer trends. For this, a multidisciplinary approach with microbiological, rheological and chemical methods was followed. Grass pea sweet miso characterization revealed a promising ingredient in comparison with soybean miso, namely for its low fat and sodium chloride content and higher content in antioxidant potential. Furthermore, in vitro antimicrobial activity assays showed potential as a preservation supporting agent. After grass pea sweet miso characterization, five formulations with 5–15% (w/w) of miso were tested, with a vegan emulsion similar to mayonnaise as standard. The most promising formulation, 7.5% (w/w) miso, presented adequate rheological properties, texture profile and fairly good stability, presenting a unimodal droplet size distribution and stable backscattering profile. The addition of 0.1% (w/w) psyllium husk, a fiber with great water-intake capacity, solved the undesirable release of exudate from the emulsion, as observed on the backscattering results. Furthermore, the final product presented a significantly higher content of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity in comparison with the standard vegan emulsion.
Novel Antibiotic Resistance Genes Identified by Functional Gene Library Screening in Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and Chryseobacterium spp. Bacteria of Soil Origin
Authors: Klimkaitė Laurita , Ragaišis Ignas , Krasauskas Renatas , Ružauskas Modestas , Sužiedėlienė Edita , Armalytė Julija 
Published: March 2023

As one of the most diverse habitats of microorganisms, soil has been recognised as a reservoir of both antibiotics and the antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Bacteria naturally inhabiting soil or water often possess innate ARGs to counteract the chemical compounds produced by competitors living in the same environment. When such bacteria are able to cause infections in immunocompromised patients, their strong innate antibiotic resistance mechanisms make treatment difficult. We generated functional gene libraries using antibiotic-resistant Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and Chryseobacterium spp. bacteria isolated from agricultural soils in Lithuania to select for the genetic determinants responsible for their resistance. We were able to find novel variants of aminoglycoside and β-lactam resistance genes, with β-lactamases isolated from the Chryseobacterium spp. functional gene library, one of which is a variant of IND-like metallo-β-lactamase (MBL) IND-17 and the other of which is a previously uncharacterised MBL we named CHM (Chryseobacterium metallo β-lactamase). Our results indicate that soil microorganisms possess a diversity of ARG variants, which could potentially be transferred to the clinical setting.
Timepix3: Compensation of Thermal Distortion of Energy Measurement
Authors: Urban Martin , Nentvich Ondrej , Marek Lukas , Hladik David , Hudec Rene , Sieger Ladislav 
Published: March 2023

The Timepix3 is a hybrid pixellated radiation detector consisting of a 256 px × 256 px radiation-sensitive matrix. Research has shown that it is susceptible to energy spectrum distortion due to temperature variations. This can lead to a relative measurement error of up to 35% in the tested temperature range of 10 °C to 70 °C. To overcome this issue, this study proposes a complex compensation method to reduce the error to less than 1%. The compensation method was tested with different radiation sources, focusing on energy peaks up to 100 keV. The results of the study showed that a general model for temperature distortion compensation could be established, where the error in the X-ray fluorescence spectrum of Lead (74.97 keV) was reduced from 22% to less than 2% for 60 °C after the correction was applied. The validity of the model was also verified at temperatures below 0 °C, where the relative measurement error for the Tin peak (25.27 keV) was reduced from 11.4% to 2.1% at −40 °C. The results of this study demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed compensation method and models in significantly improving the accuracy of energy measurements. This has implications for various fields of research and industry that require accurate radiation energy measurements and cannot afford to use power for cooling or temperature stabilisation of the detector.
The attitude of parents of children with hearing impairment toward the prevention of major dental diseases
Authors: Ulitovskiy S. B. , Sheveleva N. Yu. , Guliyeva A. Yu. 
Published: March 2023

Relevance. The significant increase in the number of children with hearing impairment worldwide and the peculiarity of their dental status demonstrates a need for a specialized approach during preventive care. However, the choice of preventive measures has to consider both the parental perception of the process and its effectiveness.Aim. The study aimed to assess the level of parental knowledge of primary schoolchildren with hearing impairment associated with neurological pathology on the oral hygiene of children and their readiness for dental preventive care measures to improve their child’s dental status.Materials and methods. The study involved the parents of 94 primary schoolchildren aged 6-8 y.o. with hearing impairment associated with neurological pathology. The survey received information on different attitudes to preventive measures to improve children’s dental health.Results. The results demonstrated poor oral hygiene knowledge among parents of primary schoolchildren with hearing impairment associated with neurological pathology and unreadiness for full-scale cooperation with dentists.Conclusion. The obtained data indicate the need for more comprehensive and thoughtful patient education among parents of primary schoolchildren with hearing impairment associated with neurological pathology to create prerequisites for improving the children’s dental status.
Ixazomib for Desensitization (IXADES) in Highly Sensitized Kidney Transplant Candidates: A Phase II Clinical Trial
Authors: Wilson Nancy , Reese Shannon , Ptak Lucy , Aziz Fahad , Parajuli Sandesh , Jucaud Vadim , Denham Shari , Mishra Ameet , Cascalho Marilia , Platt Jeffrey L. , Hematti Peiman , Djamali Arjang 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Ixazomib is a second-generation oral proteasome inhibitor approved for treatment of refractory multiple myeloma. We conducted an open label phase II trial, IXADES (IXAzomib for DESensitization) testing safety of Ixazomib treatment as an approach to decreasing the level and diversity of specificities of anti-HLA antibodies in subjects awaiting kidney transplantation. The trial (NCT03213158) enrolled highly sensitized kidney transplant candidates, defined as subjects with calculated panel reactive antibodies (cPRA) >80%, awaiting kidney transplantation >24 months. The subjects were treated with 12 monthly cycles of ixazomib 3 mg + dexamethasone 20 mg. Efficacy was defined as a decrease of cPRA >20% or kidney transplantation. The safety endpoint was tolerability.

Methods:
In 10 enrolled subjects, no grade IV, five grade III, 11 grade II, and 43 grade I adverse events were noted. The adverse events included infection, transient paresthesia, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. The IXADES regimen was not associated with significant change in levels or diversity of anti-HLA antibodies (cPRA).

Results:
Although the IXADES regimen did not exhibit a clear impact on levels and diversity of anti-HLA antibodies in this small cohort, the prolonged half-life of IgG could necessitate a longer duration of treatment for accurate evaluation of efficacy.

Conclusions:
In conclusion, treatment with ixazomib/dexamethasone engendered mild to moderate toxicity. The impact on anti-HLA was modest and in the case of anti-HLA-DR paradoxical. Clinical trials combining ixazomib with other immunosuppressive agents may be more effective in addressing antibody-mediated processes in kidney transplantation.
Nörofibromatozis Tip1’li Olgularda NF1 Geni Varyant Spektrumu: Tek Merkez Deneyimi
Authors: GERİK CELEBİ Hamıde Betul , BOLAT Hilmi , DOKUREL İpek , DEMİRAL Meliha , ÇAM Sırrı 
Published: March 2023

Giriş ve Amaç: Nörofibromatozis tip 1 başlıca cafe au lait lekeleri, Lisch nodülleri ve nörofibromlarla karakterize otozomal dominant kalıtımlı bir rasopatidir. Bu çalışmada amacımız, NF1 ön tanısıyla başvuran hastaların genotipik verilerini sunmaktır.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: 2018 Haziran–2022 Haziran tarihleri arasında yaş ortalaması 8,1 yaş (2 ay-28 yaş aralığında) olan 22 olgu NF1 ön tanısıyla değerlendirildi. Hastalara NF1 geni dizi analizi yapıldı.
Bulgular: NF1 geni dizi analizi yöntemiyle tanı oranı %90,9 idi. 16 farklı NF1 geni varyantından 13 (%81,25) 'ü patojenik/muhtemel patojenik iken, 3 (%18,75)'ü ise klinik önemi bilinmeyen varyantlardı.
Sonuç: NF1 ön tanısıyla başvuran hastalardaki genetik tanı oranı ve klinik bulguları literatür verileri eşliğinde tartışıldı. 4 yeni NF1 geni varyantı saptandı.
Use of Customized Thickness Anterolateral Thigh Flap in Head and Neck Reconstruction
Authors: ÖZKAYA ÜNSAL Merve , TULUY Yavuz , BALİ Zülfükar Ulaş , PARSPANCI Aziz 
Published: March 2023

Objective: This study demonstrates different techniques of anterolateral thigh flap (ALT) with the appropriate surgical planes according to the thickness of the defect, which have not been previously found in the literature, with our reconstruction experiences.
Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was performed including 26 flaps in 25 patients who underwent reconstruction of head and neck defects with different surgical planes of ALT flap including subfascial, superthin, suprafascial, chimeric and composite flaps from March 2017 through December 2020. Flap planes were chosen according to the thickness of the defect, determined during surgery by using caliper. We evaluated the characteristics, flap thicknesses, complications and need of revision surgery in postoperative period.
Results: One of the superthin flaps was totally lost; there was not any other flap loss. Three patients died in postoperative period. Although appropriate plane of the flaps was chosen, 4 of all 26 flaps needed revision surgery. One of the patients who was performed lip reconstruction with superthin ALT flap had bulky appearance needed liposuction in postoperative 6 months and 3 patients who received subfascial ALT flaps were performed debulking surgeries.
Conclusion: ALT flap is a versatile, reliable flap which can be harvested in different planes according to the thickness of the defect in head and neck region. The ALT flap with convenient thickness provides definitive reconstruction in a single stage without revision surgeries and the most optimal aesthetic results can be obtained.