bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Marshall Stability values of the different bitumen mixes with crumb rubber
Authors: Changra Arundhika , Singh Er. Gagandeep 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Modified bitumen with crumb rubber can enhance the bitumen’s physical properties and the mixes’ Marshall Stability values. Aside from the fact that it reduces the amount of tyre waste, the use of crumb rubber can also improve the properties of bitumen, which can help to extend the life of flexible pavements. When VG 30 bitumen is combined with crumb rubber, penetration values drop significantly. As the modifier concentration is increased, the penetration value decreases. When modified with 5CR, 10CR, and 15CR, neat bitumen’s penetration value drops to 61, 58, and 49 respectively. Marshall Compared to unmodified mixes, bitumen modified with crumb rubber has higher stability values. The stability values increase as the modifier content increases. As a result, stiffer binder results in a higher stability value of the mix, which is supported by an increase in modifier content. For every 5-15% increase in crumb rubber, an improvement of 10-25% was observed.
Recent Advances in Physico-chemical Methods for Removal of Dye from Wastewater
Authors: Javeed Ganaie Rafiya , Rafiq Samreen , Sharma Ashita 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWater pollution due to untreated discharge of wastewater from various industries is the amongst the most challenging problem related with environment. Of all the pollutants being discharged into surface water streams, dyes are of serious concern, because of the visible impact on the surface water quality. Various methods are being used for removal of dyes from wastewater streams. The efficiency of removal method is dependent upon various factors including chemical composition of dye, pH and temperature of water and presence of other pollutants. The present review focusses on various physico-chemical methods used for the removal of dyes from the wastewater. The efficiency of various methods has also been discussed.
Impact of glass waste and rubber waste over the environment and their applications in concrete
Authors: Sudan Sajan , Dhiman Suneha 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In this experimental research study, glass waste in powdered form and rubber waste in fine aggregate form were practised for the intensification of the ordinary controlled concrete. Glass waste in powdered was practised in place of ordinary binder that is cement and the rubber waste after proper processing was utilized in place of ordinary sand. Glass waste in powdered form was practised from 0 percent to 25 percent and the rubber waste fines were practised at 25 percent and 50 percent. Overall, 11 dissimilar kinds of mixes were considered depending upon the proportion of the ordinary binder, proportion of glass waste binder, the proportion of ordinary sand, proportion of rubber fines and proportion of coarse aggregate. Then concerning the proportion of the substantial several samples were executed and then examined for destructive examination. The examination consequence of the compression test of the concrete reveal that the maximum compressive strength of the modified concrete was attained at 20 percent application of the waste glass fine powder when used in place of cement and at 25 percent application of the waste rubber fines when used in place of natural silt. It was further determined that both the substantial healed the internal pores of the concrete and thus leads to enhanced productivity of the normal concrete. It was also taken into account that the higher proportions of both the undertaken substantial leads to the loss in the core properties of the concrete. Further, the outcomes of another destructive examination that is the tensile strength test and flexural strength test, outposts that the supreme forte of the substantial concrete was gotten at 25 percent practice of the waste rubber fines and 20 percent practice of the waste glass fine in powdered form when utilised as an alternative for ordinary fines and binder correspondingly. It was also observed that the least strength consequences were attained at supreme percentages in the case of both the taken substantial. The tensile and flexural behaviour of the concrete is enhanced with the intensification of the proportions of the constituents. From the results of all kinds of destructive and non-destructive test, it was found at the last that the most suitable results were attained at 20% practice of waste glass fine powder and at 25% practice of the waste rubber fine powder when used in combination with one another. Further it can also be concluded that while practising together in place of natural binder and natural fine aggregate, beyond these proportion the strength starts declining in all cases either in case of destructive testing or in case of non-destructive testing.
A Sustainable Approach In Advancement Of Earth Sciences & Foundation Engineering Towards Green Construction
Authors: Urvashi  
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The goal of this study was to look into the aspects that influence green building project management and to figure out what factors contribute to the best results. The inquiry was intended to look into the characteristics that contribute to project success in green building. Questionnaires were gathered from environmental people, construction personnel, and legal personnel groups, all of whom were involved in the administration of green building projects. Staff factors, material elements, monetary variables, administrative variables, and eco-productivity factors were all examined and variables were prioritized using the Relative Importance Index (RII). After a thorough analysis of the factors that influence the management of green development projects, the findings were divided into five categories for the first and second most essential variables. For the labour force perspective, disposition toward the project and task comprehension were two independent driving factors. Productivity and cost were the main drivers from a material standpoint. The cost increase and change in development were the driving drivers from a monetary standpoint. From an administrative standpoint, the driving factors were the related document, the endorsement cycle, and the government’s recognition of venture members. This paper shows the material reuse capacity increase and decrease in assets utilization which were the driving elements in this work, focused on eco-effectiveness.
Optical studies of binary mixture containing palm biodiesel and alkanols : experimental and theoretical interpretation
Authors: Sangwan Nisha , Rani Sunita , Siwach Rajesh K. , Sinha Vimal , Dangi Vijay 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Refractive indices (nD
) of binary mixture containing palm biodiesel (P) and alkanols (1-pentanol (1P) and 3-pentanol (3P)) were measured at different temperatures (298.15,303.15k,308.15k,313.15k,318.15k) at 0.1 MPa over the entire composition range of mole fractions. The nD
values of pure compounds and their binary mixtures were measured by using refractometer (Anton Paar Abbemat 200). Experimental data of nD
were used to compute deviation in refractive index (Δn). Further, refractive index values also have been measured in terms of different mixing rules like Lorentz-Lorentz (L.L), Gladstone-Dale (G.D), Heller-relation (H.R) and Weiner-relation (W.R). The experimental data of nD
compared well with the values obtained by using mixing rules for binary mixture P (1) + Alkanols (2). The measured data were correlated by Redlich-Kister polynomial equation. The effect of temperature has also been investigated.
Study on Properties of Concrete After Incorporating Waste Materials
Authors: Nisa Ambreen u 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The effects of fly ash, Air Cooled Blast Furnace Slag (ACBFS), and silica fume on cement compressive strength are examined. The compressive strength of cement concrete is studied by the addition of fly ash, air-cooled blast furnace slag (ACBFS), and silica fume. The effect of fly ash, ACBFS, and silica fume on the compressive strength of concrete was investigated. The cement content of the concrete was reduced by 25%, 22.50%, 20%, and 17.50%, respectively; fly ash was used to replace 20%, 40%, and 60% of the coarse aggregate; and fly ash was partially replaced by 2.5%, 5%, and 7.50% of the cement content. Contrarily, fly ash was left out of the mixing process for M30. The compressive strength of concrete cubes and beams aged 7 and 28 days was tested.
CFD Analysis of water-based slipper bearing
Authors: Choudhuri Kishan , Equbal Asif , Biswas Nabarun , Pati Aparesh , Kumar Mandal Suman , Biswas Srijit 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The leakage across the slipper land of a swashplate type axial piston pump is inherent in almost all the commercially available designs. This occurs due to the back flow of each piston through its orifice and gap between the slipper and swashplate. This flow phenomenon is studied in detail in the present work. To optimize pump performance with a reduced leakage, it is critical to know the fluid dynamics within the pump passages. In this paper, a three-dimensional CFD methodology has been created and employed to predict the pump performance in terms of pressure field, velocity vectors, and the flow pattern to understand pump flow. The methodology is established in the commercially available code ANSYS FLUENT 16.0 which supports the existence of complicated geometry in the form of narrow orifices and gaps between rotating and stationary walls. Slipper leakages, velocity and pressure fields are computed using simple algorithm approach at different designs and operating conditions. Experimental data of the film thickness is used in the present simulation. The effect of different piston pressure, slipper velocity, oil viscosity, slipper orifice diameter and slipper pool inner diameter is studied. Investigations of this kind may help for the development and design of slippers.
Effect of Limestone Waste Powder and Marble Waste over the Strength Properties of the Conventional Concrete
Authors: Harmandeep S. , Lovneesh S. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In this experimental research, limestone waste powder and marble based coarse aggregate were practised for the upgradation of the concrete. Limestone waste powder was applied at 3%, 6%, 9%, 12%, 15%, 18% and 21% in alternative to the regular binder and marble based coarse aggregate was applied at 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60% and 70% in alternative to the regular gravel. So as to check the output of application of new constituents, some major examinations were executed over the prepared samples. M-40 grade of concrete was taken into account for the preparation of entire mix. 0.45 water to binder proportion was taken for the modification of the entire mix. The examination outcomes revealed that with the intensification in the proportion of the limestone waste powder, intensification in the resistance against the compressive loads has been observes. Also, the maximum resistance against the compressive loads was originated at 18% utilization of limestone waste powder. The examination outcomes also revealed that with the intensification in the proportion of the marble waste aggregate, intensification in the resistance against the compressive loads has been observed. Also, the maximum resistance against the compressive loads was originated at 60% utilization of marble waste aggregate. Also, the maximum resistance against the flexural loads was originated at 18% utilization of limestone waste powder. The examination outcomes also revealed that with the intensification in the proportion of the marble waste aggregate, intensification in the resistance against the flexural loads has been observed. Also, the maximum resistance against the flexural loads was originated at 60% utilization of marble waste aggregate.
An Investigation of Spatial and Temporal Analysis of Drought Forecasting
Authors: Singh Karan , Shaikh Ayub , Deshmukh Arpan , Thorat Vinesh , Sharma Rashmi 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Following the impact of droughts witnessed during the last decade there is an urgent need to develop a drought management strategy, policy framework, and action plan for Satara District. This study aims to provide a historical baseline using the standardized precipitation index (SPI) and meteorological drought maps, and to investigate the spatial and temporal trends using long-term historical precipitation records. Drought is a natural hazard that is difficult to quantify in terms of severity, duration, area and impact. The present study has been designed to evaluate the metrological drought for Man and Khatav (Maharashtra) using the Standard Precipitation index (SPI). The data and information obtained in this area to monitor and forecast drought can also be useful in future to control and reduce the impact of drought on drinking water and agriculture in this region. The SPI is calculated at Mann and Khatav in many series over different periods of time to show drought and drought-free years. The lowest rainfall in Khatav station was less than 200mm, while in Mann; it was about -2.5mm, indicating extremely dry seasons.
Research on the impact of Eggshell powder and Bagasse ash on fiber-reinforced environmentally friendly concrete
Authors: Ramotra Manik , Singh Harpreet 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In today’s regenerating world it is an urgent need for the Disposal of waste material because this waste material is causing pollution as well as problem to humans. Disposal of some waste like metals can be done. But the disposal of waste like ash is only land disposal. which has a limit. This waste can easily be used in the construction industries as the mineral admixture in the concrete, which enhances the mechanical properties of concrete and impacts the physical appearance and chemical properties of the same. This paper deals with the research work done on concrete of grade M40 with the addition of mineral admixtures like eggshell powder and bagasse ash. This research work gives the result that using this item can increase the strength by 13 % in compression and 5% in tension. Using of Glass fiber can increase the tension strength of concrete up to 10% more. The use of this material can reduce the waste and helps to decrease the damage to environment
Analysis and characterization of modern and ancient mortars
Authors: Stoyanov V , Kostova B , Dumanov B 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The analysis, characterization, and comparison of modern and ancient mortars provide fundamental (by tracing the change in the raw materials and recipes used from the past to the present) and practical (obtaining modern mortars compatible with the ancient) knowledge. This work aimed to characterize modern and ancient mortars by investigating their phase composition, binder-to-aggregate ratio, hydraulicity, and hygroscopic properties. The used methods for analyses were powder X-ray diffraction, Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy, and thermal analysis. A modern mortar (sample A) preparation was with a binder of white Portland cement and an aggregate of river sand. Ancient mortar samples (sample B - cocciopesto and sample C - lime mortar) collection were from Bulgarian archaeological sites allocated within the Roman period. The results define investigated sample A as pozzolanic mortar with hygroscopic properties, sample B - as hydraulic lime mortar with hygroscopic properties, and sample C – as lime mortar without any hygroscopic properties. Obtained results with these, achieved for phase composition and binder-to-aggregate ratio, show that modern mortar is not compatible with the Romans and is not suitable for reconstruction and conservation of masonry from these archaeological sites.
Dynamic analysis of structures using MATLAB
Authors: Melcer J , Valašková V 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
MATLAB is a very important program tool for engineers in practice. For its effective use, it is necessary to prepare students already during their studies at the university. Structural dynamics is an important engineering discipline. The presented paper deals with some applications of the MATLAB in the teaching of Structural Dynamics at the University of Zilina. It follows the legacy of Prof. Koloušek, the author of the slope deflection method in dynamics. It focuses on solving the eigenvalue problems of structures in teaching dynamics. In the appendix it presents lists of programs in MATLAB usable for calculation of natural values of beam structures and vehicle models in teaching process and engineering practice.
Formulation of parameter limit values for the operation of a large concrete gravity dam
Authors: Todorov O K , Petkova S S , Kisliakov D S 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This study presents a coupled thermal-structural finite element analysis of a large concrete gravity dam in Bulgaria for exploring the dam response under different actual load combinations. The loads applied to the structure are caused by varying water level in the reservoir and ambient temperature typical for the respective seasons. The developed computational model was calibrated with real plumb measurements. Based on the performed analyses in the ANSYS environment, key limit values for the horizontal displacements measured by the plumbs in the dam as possibly caused by extreme combinations of ambient temperature and water level are formulated for further improvement of the dam operation.
Analysis of a column with variable, arbitrary shaped cross section, including initial imperfections, geometric and material nonlinearity
Authors: Traykov A. , Ganchovski N. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we propose a general method for solving structural mechanics problems by developing a “functional model”. It is implemented by defining the required geometrical and physical relationships in their general form via analytical and numerical functions. For that purpose, a special programming language Calcpad is used. The obtained data structure is processed by a core engine, which generates the computer code, required for the solution. This model can be used for calculation of different partial cases, after specifying the specific input functions and parameters. In this way, the need for developing a different procedure for each separate case is eliminated. The proposed method is applied for the analysis of a column with variable, arbitrary shaped cross section, accounting for initial imperfections, geometric and material nonlinearity.
Seismic Response of Embedded Retaining Wall for Excavation Support
Authors: Mihova L , Topalska M 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
A comparative analysis of the solutions for the seismic impact on a flexible retaining wall designed to strengthen the construction excavation for a multi-storey building in Sofia has been performed. For this purpose, the following FEM calculation models of the interaction of the wall with the surrounding soil body were compiled: (1) a 1D beam-column-spring model of the wall, including spring support in its embedded length and pseudostatic seismic loading of the wall with active earth pressure, determined by the Mononobe-Okabe method; (2) a 2D model of the wall and soil body, with pseudostatic seismic loading in the form of inertial forces applied at the finite element nodes; (3) a time history FE analysis conducted with the accelerograms of two landmark earthquakes from the Balkan Peninsula - the 1976 Vrancea (Romania) earthquake and the 1986 Kalamata (Greece) earthquake. The pseudostatic seismic loading in analyzes (1) and (2) was determined on the basis of the reference pseudostatic acceleration of 2.3 m/s2, determined for the city of Sofia according to the seismic hazard map for Bulgaria. The accelerograms in analysis (3) were scaled to a maximum value of acceleration of PGA = 2.3 m/s2. The physical modelling of the soil body uses the HSM and HSsmall advanced constitutive laws, implemented in the Plaxis software.
Monitoring of road infrastructure operation indicators using mobile laser scanning
Authors: Ivanova E , Gospodinov S , Boyadzhieva D 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The main problems of the national and local road infrastructure in the Republic of Bulgaria are the significant percentage of routes with poor and unsatisfactory operation indicators, and the significant number of road traffic accidents annually. This paper provides a summary assessment of Mobile Laser Scanning (MLS) as a means providing a package of activities that improve roads’ technical and operational parameters and increase road’s safety. It is noted that the use of MLS technology provides high-information value results, and surveying process is significantly faster and safer than that of conventional geodetic methods.
Geodesic Anosov flows, hyperbolic closed geodesics and stable ergodicity
Authors: Knieper Gerhard , Schulz Benjamin 
Published: February 2023

In this paper we show that the geodesic flow of a Finsler metric is Anosov if and only if there exists a

C
2

C^2

open neighborhood of Finsler metrics all of whose closed geodesics are hyperbolic. For surfaces this result holds also for Riemannian metrics. This follows from a recent result of Contreras and Mazzucchelli [Duke Math. J. 173 (2024), pp. 347–390]. Furthermore, geodesic flows of Riemannian or Finsler metrics on surfaces are

C
2

C^2

stably ergodic if and only if they are Anosov.
Phylogeography of the Altai weasel (Carnivora: Mustelidae:Mustela altaica) based on an analysis of mitochondrial control-region haplotypes
Authors: Suzuki Nodoka , Abramov Alexei V , Amaike Yosuke , Nishita Yoshinori , Masuda Ryuichi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe phylogeography of the Altai weasel (Mustela altaica) based on mitochondrial control-region sequences was investigated using samples from individuals obtained widely across the species range, including Central Asia, Tibet and southern Siberia. Thirty-four haplotypes were identified among 53 individuals from 32 localities. A maximum-likelihood phylogenetic tree for haplotypes showed two major clades, clades I and II. Clade I contained haplotypes from northern Eurasia, including the continental Far East, Altai Mountains and eastern Kazakhstan. Clade II comprised two subclades: group IIa, with haplotypes from around the Pamir Mountains, and the poorly supported group IIb, with haplotypes from the Tibetan Plateau. High haplotype diversity and low nucleotide diversity for clade I suggest that the range of M. altaica expanded over a relatively short period in northern Eurasia. High haplotype and nucleotide diversity for clade II indicate a longer-term, more stable population resulting from geographical isolation of individuals on the Tibetan Plateau by surrounding mountain ranges. Our study suggests that the ancestral population of M. altaica migrated into Tibet from the outside and has diversified in Tibet, seemingly not supporting the ‘out-of-Tibet’ hypothesis; however, we could not completely refute this hypothesis because an individual having a group IIb haplotype was detected in Mongolia.
Reproduction for Private Use and for Purposes that Are Directly or Indirectly Non-Commercial – The Incorporation of EU Law in Greece
Authors: Venieris Iakovos 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Article 5(2)(b) of Directive 2001/29/EC (InfoSoc Directive) has been interpreted by several judgments of the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU), but there are some discrepancies in national court judgments. Greek case law, collating the private with the public use, is an example. This paper introduces the reader to the meaning of private use as framed by Art. 5(2)(b) of the Directive and approaches the legal issues from the angle of case law of CJEU in comparison to Greek national law and Greek national case law. This opinion seeks to highlight the slight divergence of national Greek case law from the case law of CJEU despite the fact that the Greek legal system has incorporated the InfoSoc Directive.