bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On Jump Discontinuities in Internal Forces of Flexible Structures Carrying Moving Subsystems
Authors: Yang Bingen , Gao Hao 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCombined systems, which are flexible structures carrying moving subsystems, are seen in various applications. Due to structure–subsystem interactions, the structure in a combined system encounters jump discontinuities in its internal forces (such as the bending moment and shear force of a beam). Accurate estimation of such jump discontinuities is important to the performance, safety, and longevity of a combined system. Because of the time-varying nature and complexity of structure–subsystem interactions, conventional series solution methods experience slow convergence, and the Gibbs phenomenon in computation and the improved series expansion methods are limited to certain proportionally damped continua under moving forces and moving oscillators. In this paper, a novel modified series expansion method (MSEM) is proposed to resolve the aforementioned issues with the existing series solution methods. Through the introduction of a jump influence function, the proposed method produces fast-convergent series solutions and accurately predicts the jump discontinuities without the Gibbs phenomenon. The MSEM is applicable to structures with nonproportional damping and subject to arbitrary boundary conditions, and it can easily manage general M-DOF moving subsystems having multiple contact points with a supporting structure. As an important result of this investigation, a mathematical proof of the convergence of the MSEM-based solutions is given for the first time. Additionally, two numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the accuracy, efficiency, and versatility of the proposed MSEM in modeling and analysis of combined systems.
Enhanced the Stability and Storage Capability of Sulfide-Based Material With the Incorporation of Carbon Nanotube for High-Performance Supercapattery Device
Authors: Yasmeen Aneeqa , Afzal Amir Muhammad , Iqbal Muhammad Waqas , Zaka Asma , Hassan Haseeb ul , Abbas Tasawar , Usman Muhammad , Wang Liang , Alanazi Yousef Mohammed , Mumtaz Sohail 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Supercapattery is a recently developed energy storage device that includes the properties of a supercapacitor and a rechargeable battery. A hydrothermal method is used to synthesize the sulfide-based materials. The structural morphology, elemental composition, and electrochemical properties are measured using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and potentiostat system. The specific capacitance is enhanced up to 1964.2 F/g by making the composite with carbon nanotubes (CNTs), which is higher than the reference sample (MnS). In the case of a real device, the obtained value of specific capacity in manganese sulfide/CNTs/activated carbon is 240 C/g which is much improved compared to the previously reported values. In a supercapattery device, an excellent energy density of 53.3 Wh/Kg and a high power density of 7995 W/kg are obtained. The stability of the device is measured up to 1000 cycles and achieved the specific capacity retention of 86% with columbic efficiency of 97%. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (Lee et al., 2012, Self-standing Positive Electrodes of Oxidized few-Walled Carbon Nanotubes for Light-Weight and High-Power Lithium Batteries,” Energy Environ. Sci., 5(1), pp. 5437–5444) measurements confirm the improvement in surface area and electrochemical properties. Our results show that a 50/50 weight ratio of manganese sulfide and CNTs are more suitable and provide opportunities to design high-performance energy storage devices.
A Variable Stiffness Sole for Biped Robot and Its Experimental Verification
Authors: Namgung Junyeon , Han Yun-Ho , Cho Baek-Kyu 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The foot sole of the biped robot is an important factor for stable walking. In this study, the limitations of existing bipedal robot soles are introduced and the necessity for the development of a new sole mechanism is presented. Inspired by a robot sole based on the granular jamming effect, we have developed a variable stiffness sole (VSS), which adapts to the shape of obstacles on the ground in compliant mode and provides robust support in stiff mode. Finally, the performance of the VSS is verified by several experiments integrating the VSS with the real humanoid robot platform RoK-3. The experimental results verified that the VSS is advantageous in uneven terrain walking.
Intelligent Control Strategy of Fresh Air Volume in Cabin under Heating Condition and Evaluation of Its Energy Saving Effect
Authors: Liang Yuanqing , Wang Jianbin , Wang Shuang 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The problem of “range anxiety” of electric vehicles is gradually highlighted. Especially when the onboard air conditioner is used by electric vehicles in winter, its actual range will be significantly shortened. This paper comprehensively analyzes the impact of fresh air demand on the energy consumption of the PTC(Positive Temperature Coefficient)heating system, so that the intelligent control strategy of fresh air under heating conditions is proposed, and the energy-saving effect of the intelligent control scheme is analyzed. It is found that the intelligent control strategy of fresh air can significantly reduce the energy consumption of the system. At the same time, a certain electric vehicle with a battery energy of 100kW·h was selected to analyze its range. It is found that the range of the intelligent control scheme is increased by about 32.34% when the ambient temperature is 0°C.
A Cooling Efficiency Model and Numerical Research of Multiparameter Film Cooling
Authors: Xu Zhexuan , Xu Zheyao , Chen Yukun 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Based on the validated simulation method of film cooling and multiphase flow simulation method, a multi-level three-dimensional simulation of forward-leaning fan-shaped film hole, cylindrical film hole with different injection angles, and film hole containing water vapor are established to discuss the effects of film hole structure parameters, hole distance, blowing ratio, injection angle, and water vapor volume on film cooling efficiency. The cooling efficiency of forward-leaning fan-shaped film hole increases as the exit length of film hole increases. After adding water vapor, the cooling efficiency of fan-shaped film hole decreases, and the influence of hole axis length and exit length on cooling efficiency is weak. For the cylindrical film hole, the larger the injection angle of film hole, the larger the film coverage area under the same blowing ratio. After adding water vapor, with the increase of the blowing ratio, the film coverage area increases first and then decreases. However, the film coverage area decreases with the increase of cooling injection angle for film holes containing water vapor. The cooling efficiency of the film hole with and without water vapor is related to the vapor velocity in the rising direction and the velocity in the mainstream direction, respectively. A model of film cooling efficiency with air blowing ratio and injection angle is established and verified with experimental data, based on the law that the average cooling efficiency in the main flow direction grows exponentially with the sine of the injection angle.
Evidence of ACL healing on MRI following ACL rupture treated with
rehabilitation alone may be associated with better patient-reported
outcomes: a secondary analysis from the KANON trial
Authors: Filbay Stephanie Rose , Roemer Frank W , Lohmander L Stefan , Turkiewicz Aleksandra , Roos Ewa M , Frobell Richard , Englund Martin 
Published: May 2023

Objectives
Evaluate the natural course of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)
healing on MRI within 5 years of acute ACL rupture and compare 2-year
and 5-year outcomes based on healing status and treatment
group.

Methods
Secondary analysis of 120 Knee Anterior Cruciate Ligament
Nonsurgical vs Surgical Treatment (KANON) trial participants randomised
to rehabilitation and optional delayed ACL reconstruction (ACLR) or
early ACLR and rehabilitation. ACL continuity on MRI (Anterior Cruciate
Ligament OsteoArthritis Score 0–2) was considered evidence of ACL
healing. Outcomes included Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score
(KOOS), KOOS patient acceptable symptomatic state (PASS) and treatment
failure criteria. Linear mixed models were used to estimate adjusted
mean differences (95% CIs) in patient-reported sport and recreational
function (KOOS-Sport/Rec) and quality of life (KOOS-QOL) at 2 and 5
years, between participants with MRI evidence of ACL healing and those
who had (1) no evidence of ACL healing, (2) delayed ACLR or (3) early
ACLR.

Results
MRI evidence of ACL healing at 2-year follow-up was observed in 16
of 54 (30%, 95% CI 19 to 43%) participants randomised to optional
delayed ACLR. Excluding participants who had delayed ACLR, 16 of 30
(53%, 36–70%) participants managed with rehabilitation-alone displayed
MRI evidence of ACL healing. Two-year outcomes were better in the healed
ACL group (n=16) compared with the non-healed (n=14) (mean difference
(95% CI) KOOS-Sport/Rec: 25.1 (8.6–41.5); KOOS-QOL: 27.5 (13.2–41.8)),
delayed ACLR (n=24) (KOOS-Sport/Rec: 24.9 (10.2–39.6); KOOS-QOL: 18.1
(5.4–30.8)) and early ACLR (n=62) (KOOS-Sport/Rec: 17.4 (4.1–30.7);
KOOS-QOL: 11.4 (0.0–22.9)) groups. Five-year KOOS-QOL was better in the
healed versus non-healed group (25.3 (9.4–41.2)). Of participants with
MRI evidence of ACL healing, 63–94% met the PASS criteria for each KOOS
subscale, compared with 29–61% in the non-healed or reconstructed
groups.

Conclusions
MRI appearance of ACL healing after ACL rupture occurred in one in
three adults randomised to initial rehabilitation and one in two who did
not cross-over to delayed ACLR and was associated with favourable
outcomes. The potential for spontaneous healing of the ACL to facilitate
better clinical outcomes may be greater than previously
considered.

Trial registration number
NCT84752559.
Hospital-treated serious and invasive aspergillosis and candidiasis infections during the COVID-19 pandemic: a retrospective analysis of Hospital Episode Statistics data from England
Authors: Sung Anita H , Kiely Gillian , Singh Jyotika K , Thomas Stephen , Lough Jemma , Smith Matthew 
Published: May 2023

ObjectivesTo investigate the impact of COVID-19 on the burden of hospital-treatedAspergillusandCandidainfections in England.DesignA retrospective study using Hospital Episodes Statistics data to estimate the burden of serious and invasive fungal infections (SIFIs) in all patients admitted in England during March 2018–February 2020 (pre-COVID-19) and during March 2020–October 2021 (the COVID-19 period).SettingHospitals in England.PopulationAll patients with codes corresponding to serious and invasive aspergillosis and candidiasis in any diagnosis position during their admission pre-COVID-19 and during the COVID-19 period.Outcome measuresAge, spells, patient counts, mean length of stay, admission to critical care unit (CCU), length of stay in CCU, 30-day readmissions, failed discharges (readmission within 7 days) and comorbidities.ResultsDuring the COVID-19 period, hospitalisation spells with an invasive candidiasis code fell by 3.2% and spells with an aspergillosis code by 24.8%. Mean length of stay was higher for patients with aspergillosis with or without COVID-19 and candidiasis with or without COVID-19 during the pandemic than before the pandemic. During the pandemic, mean length of stay was higher for patients with aspergillosis with COVID-19 than those with aspergillosis alone but slightly lower for patients with candidiasis with COVID-19 than for those with candidiasis alone. Of patients with a diagnosis of COVID-19, 52.5% with aspergillosis and 60.0% with candidiasis were treated in CCU compared with 13.2% and 37.1%, respectively, without a COVID-19 diagnosis. The percentage of 30-day readmissions and failed discharges for patients with SIFI was higher for those with COVID-19 than for those without.ConclusionsThe burden of aspergillosis and candidiasis has been affected by COVID-19. Aspergillosis diagnoses fell among hospitalised patients during the pandemic, while candidiasis continued to fluctuate in patterns similar to pre-COVID-19. A higher burden for patients with SIFI was observed, whether or not they also had a diagnosis of COVID-19. Our findings highlight extra considerations and burden on management of serious SIFI as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Psychometric properties of Hamilton Depression Rating Scale among people with epilepsy in Jimma University Medical Center, Neurology Clinic, Southwest Ethiopia, 2020: cross-sectional study.
Authors: Yusuf Muhammednur , Abera Mubarek , Getnet Masrie , Dawud Badiru 
Published: May 2023

ObjectiveIt is crucial to use clinically validated instruments to detect and treat depression in people with epilepsy. Therefore, this study aimed to describe the psychometric properties of the Afaan Oromo version of the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale 17-item (HAMD-17) among these individuals in Ethiopia.DesignA cross-sectional validation study.SettingA tertiary hospital, Southwest Ethiopia.ParticipantsA total of 133 people with epilepsy were included in this study using a consecutive sampling technique from 1 September 2020 to 30 September 2020.OutcomeThe psychometric property of the HAMD-17. Criterion validity was assessed using the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI). The internal consistency was determined using Cronbach’s alpha. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used in determining the cut-off score, sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV). The tools were translated into the local language (Afaan Oromo) and back into English and pretested before the data collection.ResultsThe mean age of the participants was 31.7 years, SD±10.7. Eighty-six (64.7%), 55 (48.1%), 68 (51.1%) and 62 (46.6%) of them were male, unmarried, urban residents and completed primary school, respectively. The internal consistency of HAMD-17 was α=0.74. The Pearson’s correlation coefficient for criterion validity was r=0.88. The ROC analysis showed 0.92 and 0.91 sensitivity and specificity of the HAMD-17, respectively. It also revealed α=0.96 NPV and α=0.87 PPV at a cut score of ≥9. The area under the ROC curve was 0.96.ConclusionsThe Afaan Oromo version of the HAMD-17 was considered valid and reliable for assessing depression in people with epilepsy, and the tool is not difficult to understand. The diagnostic performance using the gold standard MINI showed a good discriminatory capacity of the instrument. It can be used by any health professional to screen depression in people with epilepsy.
Immunogenicity and safety of mixed COVID-19 vaccine regimens in patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases: a single-centre prospective cohort study
Authors: Hitchon Carol A , Mesa Christine , Bernstein Charles N , Marrie Ruth Ann , Card Catherine , O’Brien Sheila F , Kim John 
Published: May 2023

ObjectiveAmong persons with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) who received SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, we compared postvaccine antibody responses and IMID disease activity/states.DesignSingle-centre prospective cohort study.SettingSpecialty ambulatory clinics in central Canada.ParticipantsPeople with inflammatory arthritis (n=78; 77% rheumatoid arthritis), systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases (n=84; 57% lupus), inflammatory bowel disease (n=93; 43% Crohn’s) and multiple sclerosis (n=72; 71% relapsing-remitting) (female 79.4%, white 84.7%, mean (SD) age 56.0 (14.3) years) received COVID-19 vaccinations between March 2021 and September 2022.Primary outcomePostvaccination anti-spike, anti-receptor binding domain (anti-RBD) and anti-nucleocapsid (anti-NC) IgG antibodies tested by multiplex immunoassays compared across vaccine regimens and with responses in 370 age-matched and sex-matched vaccinated controls.Secondary outcomesCOVID-19 infection and self-reported IMID disease activity/state.ResultsMost (216/327, 66.1%) received homologous messenger RNA (mRNA) (BNT162b2 or mRNA1273) vaccines, 2.4% received homologous ChAdOx1 and 30.6% received heterologous vaccines (23.9% ChAdOx1/mRNA, 6.4% heterologous mRNA) for their first two vaccines (V1, V2). Seroconversion rates were 52.0% (91/175) for post-V1 anti-spike and 58.9% (103/175) for anti-RBD; 91.5% (214/234) for post-V2 anti-spike and 90.2% (211/234) for anti-RBD; and were lower than controls (post-V2 anti-spike 98.1% (360/370), p<0.0001). Antibody titres decreased 3 months after V2 but increased 1 month after the third vaccine (V3) and 1 month after the fourth vaccine (V4) (BAU/mL median (IQR), anti-spike 1835 (2448) 1 month post-V2, 629.1 (883.4) 3 months post-V2, 4757.5 (7033.1) 1 month post-V3 and 4356.0 (9393.4) 1 month post-V4; anti-RBD 1686.8 (2199.44) 1 month post-V2, 555.8 (809.3) 3 months post-V2, 4280.3 (6380.6) 1 month post-V3 and 4792.2 (11 673.78) 1 month post-V4). If primed with a vector vaccine, an mRNA vaccine increased antibody titres to those comparable to homologous mRNA vaccines. Anti-RBD and anti-spike titres were higher in anti-NC seropositive (n=31; 25 participants) versus seronegative samples (BAU/mL median (IQR) anti-RBD 11 755.3 (20 373.1) vs 1248.0 (53 278.7); anti-spike 11 254.4 (15 352.6) vs 1313.1 (3106.6); both p<0.001). IMID disease activity/state and rates of self-reported moderate or severe IMID flare were similar across vaccinations.ConclusionHeterologous COVID-19 vaccination improves seroconversion rates following a vector vaccine and does not lead to IMID disease flare. IMIDs benefit from at least three vaccines.
Choice of anaesthesia in microelectrode recording-guided deep-brain stimulation for Parkinson’s disease (CHAMPION): study protocol for a single-centre, open-label, non-inferiority randomised controlled trial
Authors: Xie Sining , Shi Lin , Xiong Wei , Chen Liang , Li Xiangjiahui , Tong Yuanyuan , Yang Wanning , Wang Anxin , Zhang Jianguo , Han Ruquan 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionDeep brain stimulation (DBS) implantation under general anaesthesia (GA) has been applied to patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) with severe comorbidities or disabling off-medication symptoms. However, general anaesthetics may affect intraoperative microelectrode recording (MER) to varying degrees. At present, there are few studies on the effects of sedatives or general anaesthetics on multiunit activity characteristics performed by MER in patients with PD during DBS. Therefore, the effect of the choice of anaesthesia on MER remains unclear.Methods/designThis is a prospective randomised controlled, non-inferiority study that will be carried out at Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University. Patients undergoing elective bilateral subthalamic nucleus (STN)-DBS will be enrolled after careful screening for eligibility. One hundred and eighty-eight patients will be randomised to receive either conscious sedation (CS) or GA at a 1:1 ratio. The primary outcome is the proportion of high normalised root mean square (NRMS) recorded by the MER signal.Ethics and disseminationThe study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Beijing Tiantan Hospital of Capital Medical University (KY2022-147-02). Negative study results will indicate that GA using desflurane has a non-inferior effect on MER during STN-DBS compared with CS. The results of this clinical trial will be presented at national or international conferences and submitted to a peer-reviewed journal.Trial registration numberNCT05550714.
Identify and classify interprofessional primary care performance indicators: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Yapi Sopie Marielle , Poitras Marie-Eve , Donnelly Catherine , Ashcroft Rachelle , Greiver Michelle , Couturier Yves , Nikiema Jean Noël , Breton Mylaine , Layani Géraldine , Kaczorowski Janusz , Bergman Howard , Lussier Marie-Thérèse , Aggarwal Monica , Fernainy Pamela , McGraw Monica , Milius Djims , Mehta Kavita , Samson Kevin , Sourial Nadia 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionMeasuring the performance of interprofessional primary care is needed to examine whether this model of care is achieving its desired outcomes on patient care and health system effectiveness as well as to guide quality improvement initiatives. The aim of this scoping review is to map the literature on primary care performance measurement indicators to determine the extent to which current indicators capture or could be adapted to capture processes, outputs and outcomes that reflect interprofessional primary care.Methods and analysisThe review will be guided by the six-stage framework by Arksey and O’Malley (2005). MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, grey literature and the reference list of key studies will be searched to identify any study, published in English or French between 2000 and 2022, related to the concepts of performance indicators, frameworks, interprofessional teams and primary care. Two reviewers will independently screen all abstracts and full-text studies for inclusion. Eligible indicators will be classified according to process, output and outcome domains proposed by two validated frameworks. This study started in November 2022 and is expected to be completed by July 2023.Ethics and disseminationThis review does not require ethical approval. The results will be disseminated through a peer-reviewed publication, conference presentations and presentations to stakeholders.
Tailored machine learning for evaluating the long-term diabetes risk in older individuals: findings from the Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA)
Authors: Xu Xuezhong , Mingyang Xue , Yang Jie , Zheng Hailong , Che Zhifei 
Published: May 2023

ObjectivesThe prevalence of diabetes has increased globally, leading to a significant disease burden and financial cost. Early prediction is crucial to control its prevalence.DesignA prospective cohort study.SettingNational representative study on Irish.Participants8504 individuals aged 50 years or older were included.Primary and secondary outcome measuresSurveys were conducted to collect over 40 000 variables related to social, financial, health, mental and family status. Feature selection was performed using logistic regression. Different machine/deep learning algorithms were trained, including distributed random forest, extremely randomised trees, a generalised linear model with regularisation, a gradient boosting machine and a deep neural network. These algorithms were integrated into a stacked ensemble to generate the best model. The model was tested using various metrics, such as the area under the curve (AUC), log loss, mean per classification error, mean square error (MSE) and root MSE (RMSE). The SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) method was used to interpret the established model.ResultsAfter 2 years, 105 baseline features were identified as major contributors to diabetes risk, including sex, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and cirrhosis. The best model achieved high accuracy, robustness and discrimination in predicting diabetes risk, with an AUC of 0.854, log loss of 0.187, mean per classification error of 0.267, RMSE of 0.229 and MSE of 0.052 in the independent test set. The model was also shown to be well calibrated. The SHAP algorithm provided insights into the decision-making process of the model.ConclusionsThese findings could help physicians in the early identification of high-risk patients and implement targeted interventions to reduce diabetes incidence.