bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment outcomes of stereotactic body radiation therapy for primary and metastatic sarcoma of the spine
Authors: Kim Eunji , Kim Mi-Sook , Paik Eun Kyung , Chang Ung-Kyu , Kong Chang-Bae 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose
This study evaluated the treatment outcomes of spine stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) in sarcoma patients.

Materials and methods
A total of 44 sarcoma patients and 75 spinal lesions (6 primary tumors, 69 metastatic tumors) treated with SBRT were retrospectively reviewed between 2006 and 2017. The median radiation dose was 33 Gy (range, 18–45 Gy) in 3 fractions (range, 1–5) prescribed to the 75% isodose line.

Results
The median follow-up duration was 18.2 months. The 1-year local control was 76.4%, and patients treated with single vertebral body were identified as a favorable prognostic factor on multivariate analyses. Progression-free survival at 1 year was 31.9%, with the interval between initial diagnosis and SBRT and extent of disease at the time of treatment being significant prognostic factors. The 1-year overall survival was 80.5%, and PTV and visceral metastases were independently associated with inferior overall survival.

Conclusion
SBRT for spinal sarcoma is effective in achieving local control, particularly when treating a single vertebral level with a limited extent of disease involvement, resulting in an excellent control rate. The extent of disease at the time of SBRT is significantly correlated with survival outcomes and should be considered when treating spine sarcoma.
LncRNA MSTRG.22719.16 mediates the reduction of enoxaparin sodium high-viscosity bone cement-induced thrombosis by targeting the ocu-miR-326-5p/CD40 axis
Authors: Sang Linchao , Ding Luobin , Hao Kangning , Zhang Ce , Shen Xiaoyu , Sun Hui , Fu Dehao , Qi Xiangbei 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective
Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) bone cement promotes the development of local thrombi. Our study found that a novel material, ES-PMMA bone cement, can reduce local thrombosis. We used a simple and reproducible animal model to confirm the reduction in local thrombosis and explored the associated molecular mechanism.

Methods
New Zealand rabbits, which were used to model thrombosis using extracorporeal carotid artery shunts, were divided into the following two groups, with 3 rabbits in each group: the PMMA bone cement group and the ES-PMMA bone cement group. Four hours after modelling, experimental samples, including thrombotic and vascular tissues, were collected. Thrombotic samples from the PMMA group and ES-PMMA group were subjected to lncRNA sequencing, and a lncRNA microarray was used to screen the differentially expressed lncRNAs. The expression of thrombomodulin in endothelial cells was quantified in vascular tissue samples. Differences in the lncRNA expression profiles between the thrombotic samples of the PMMA group and ES-PMMA group were assessed by base-to-base alignment in the intergenic regions of genomes. The lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network was established in light of ceRNA theory. Thrombosis was observed in the PMMA group and ES-PMMA group.

Results
The thrombotic weight was 0.00706 ± 0.00136 g/cm in the PMMA group and 0.00551 ± 0.00115 g/cm in the ES-PMMA group. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT–q-CR) and Western blotting revealed that the expression of CD40, which can regulate thrombosis in vascular endothelial cells, was significantly lower in the ES-PMMA group than in the PMMA group. High-throughput sequencing was used to identify 111 lncRNAs with lower expression in the ES-PMMA group than in the PMMA group. Through bioinformatics investigation, lncRNA MSTRG22719.16/ocu-miR-326-5p/CD40 binding sites were selected. Fluorescent in situ RNA hybridization (FISH) was performed to verify the lower expression of lncRNA MSTRG.22719.16 in vascular tissues from the ES-PMMA group. A dual-luciferase reporter gene assay was applied to verify that ocu-miR-326-5p binds the CD40 3ʹ-UTR and targets lncRNA MSTRG.22719.16.

Conclusion
Compared with PMMA bone cement, ES-PMMA bone cement can reduce thrombosis through the lncRNA MSTRG.22719.16/ocu-miR-326-5p/CD40 axis.
Circ_0000396 suppresses the proliferation and inflammation of rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts by targeting miR-574-5p/RSPO1 axis
Authors: Yu Hongchao , Yang Jin , Chen Kun , Kang Wulin , Zhu Fengfeng 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are important regulators on the onset and progression of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Our purpose is to explore the role and underpin mechanism of circ_0000396 in RA progression.

Methods
RA patients (n = 39) and healthy volunteers (n = 33) were recruited from the Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine for the present work. Circ_0000396, microRNA-574-5p (miR-574-5p) and R-spondin 1 (RSPO1) RNA levels were analyzed by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Cell proliferation was analyzed by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, colony formation assay, and 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine (EDU) assay. Cell apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometry. Protein expression levels of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), Cyclin D1, Cyclin E1, BCL2-associated × protein (Bax), B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl2), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and RSPO1 were detected by western blot assay. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was conducted to analyze the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-1β and TNF-α. The interaction between miR-574-5p and circ_0000396 or RSPO1 was confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA-pull down assay.

Results
Circ_0000396 expression was notably down-regulated in RA patients compared with healthy controls. Circ_0000396 overexpression suppressed the proliferation and inflammatory response and triggered the apoptosis of RA synovial fibroblasts (RASFs), accompanied by decreases in PCNA, Cyclin D1, Cyclin E1, Bcl2, IL-1β and TNF-α protein expression and an increase in Bax protein expression. Circ_0000396 acted as a molecular sponge for miR-574-5p, and circ_0000396 overexpression-mediated protective effects on RASFs dysfunction were largely reversed by the introduction of miR-574-5p mimics. miR-574-5p interacted with the 3’ untranslated region (3’UTR) of RSPO1, and miR-574-5p negatively regulated RSPO1 expression in RASFs. Circ_0000396 could up-regulate the expression of RSPO1 by sponging miR-574-5p in RASFs. RSPO1 interference largely overturned circ_0000396 overexpression-mediated effects in RASFs.

Conclusion
Circ_0000396 restrained the proliferation and inflammation and induced the apoptosis of RASFs by mediating miR-574-5p/RSPO1 axis, which provided novel potential targets for RA treatment.
Dexamethasone as additive of local infiltration analgesia reduces opioids consumption after simultaneous bilateral total hip or knee arthroplasty: a randomized controlled double-blind trial
Authors: Wang Dasai , Chen Wang , Zhang Leshu , Wang Zhigang , Qian Yu , Li Tao , Sun Jianning 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose
A randomized controlled double-blind trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of adding dexamethasone to the local infiltration analgesia (LIA) mixture on frequency of patient controlled analgesia (PCA) and opioids consumption after simultaneous bilateral total hip or knee arthroplasty (THA or TKA).

Methods
108 patients who received simultaneous bilateral THA or TKA were randomly divided into dexamethasone group and normal saline (NS) group. The main difference between two groups was whether or not dexamethasone was added to the LIA mixture. The main outcome was the cumulative consumption of opioids within 24 h. The secondary outcome were the total cumulative consumption of opioids during postoperative hospitalization, consumption of opioids drug for rescue analgesia, frequency of PCA, postoperative Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), and complications.

Results
Cumulative consumption of opioids in the 24 h was similar between two groups (P = 0.17). Total cumulative consumption of opioids in the dexamethasone group during postoperative hospitalization was significantly lower (P = 0.03). No significant difference in the consumption of opioids drug for rescue analgesia between two groups within 24 h, while the frequency of PCA was significantly different (P = 0.04). VAS of dexamethasone group and NS group were similar during postoperative hospitalization, while the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in dexamethasone group was lower than that in NS group.

Conclusions
Adding dexamethasone to LIA in the simultaneous bilateral THA or TKA can effectively reduce the total cumulative consumption of opioids and the frequency of PCA, as well as reduce the incidence of PONV.
Trial Registration The trial has been registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (Registration Number: ChiCTR2100042551, Date: 23/01/2021).
Depletion of LONP2 unmasks differential requirements for peroxisomal function between cell types and in cholesterol metabolism
Authors: Yamashita Akihiro , Ignatenko Olesia , Nguyen Mai , Lambert Raphaëlle , Watt Kathleen , Daneault Caroline , Robillard-Frayne Isabelle , Topisirovic Ivan , Rosiers Christine Des , McBride Heidi M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPeroxisomes play a central role in tuning metabolic and signaling programs in a tissue- and cell-type-specific manner. However, the mechanisms by which the status of peroxisomes is communicated and integrated into cellular signaling pathways are not yet understood. Herein, we report the cellular responses to peroxisomal proteotoxic stress upon silencing the peroxisomal protease/chaperone LONP2. Depletion of LONP2 triggered the accumulation of its substrate TYSND1 protease, while the overall expression of peroxisomal proteins, as well as TYSND1-dependent ACOX1 processing appeared normal, reflecting early stages of peroxisomal proteotoxic stress. Consequently, the alteration of peroxisome size and numbers, and luminal protein import failure was coupled with induction of cell-specific cellular stress responses. Specific to COS-7 cells was a strong activation of the integrated stress response (ISR) and upregulation of ribosomal biogenesis gene expression levels. Common changes between COS-7 and U2OS cell lines included repression of the retinoic acid signaling pathway and upregulation of sphingolipids. Cholesterol accumulated in the endomembrane compartments in both cell lines, consistent with evidence that peroxisomes are required for cholesterol flux out of late endosomes. These unexpected consequences of peroxisomal stress provide an important insight into our understanding of the tissue-specific responses seen in peroxisomal disorders.
Euthymia scale as a protective factor for depressive symptoms: a one-year follow-up longitudinal study
Authors: Sasaki Natsu , Nishi Daisuke 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objectives
This study aimed to examine whether a high score on the euthymia scale (ES) predicts a low incidence of depressive symptoms one year later.

Methods
The baseline online survey was conducted in February 2020, and a follow-up survey was done in February 2021. Japanese over 20 years old were enrolled. Respondents who answered both baseline and follow-up, and without depressive symptoms at baseline were included in the analysis. The euthymia scores at baseline was measured by the 10 items of the Japanese version of the ES. Depressive symptoms at follow-up were determined if participants showed either depressive feelings or anhedonia. The odds ratio (OR) was calculated using multivariate logistic regression analysis, adjusting for age, gender, marital status, educational attainment, and clinical visit for depressive episode before the baseline survey.

Results
The total of 624 participants were analyzed. A total of n = 63 (10.1%) presented depressive symptom at follow-up. A high ES score significantly predicted a lower incidence of depressive symptoms, after adjusting for covariates (aOR = 0.81 [95% confidence interval: 0.72–0.89]). Using the cutoff score retrieved from this data, a high ES score (7 or more) showed the same tendency, compared to a low ES score (< 7) (aOR = 0.46 [0.25–0.83]).

Conclusions
This study suggests the predictive usefulness of euthymia for subsequent depressive symptoms. Further investigation is needed by employing rigid diagnostic criteria.
Does patient behaviour drive physicians to practice defensive medicine? Evidence from a video experiment
Authors: Daniels Lotte , Marneffe Wim 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective
By manipulating patients’ critical attitude in a video experiment, we examined whether physicians are more intended to perform defensive acts because of a higher perceived liability risk in Belgium.

Methods
We assigned 85 practicing gynaecologists/obstetricians and orthopaedists randomly to four hypothetical video consultations, in which the patients show either a critical attitude (i.e., getting ahead of the facts, showing distrust) or a non-critical attitude (i.e., displaying more neutral questions and expressions). We asked the physicians about the care they would administer in the presented cases and the expected likelihood that the patient would sue the physician in case of a medical incident.

Results
By manipulating patients’ verbal critical attitude (which indicates patients’ intention to take further steps), while keeping constant physician’s communication, patients’ clinical situation, preferences, and non-verbal behaviour in the videos, we were able to discover differential treatment styles driven by physicians’ perceived liability risk among patients with a different critical attitude. We found that physicians perform 17 percentage points more defensive acts (e.g., surgeries and diagnostic tests that are not medically necessary) when experiencing a high liability risk.

Conclusions
Our results show that patients’ critical attitude drives physicians’ perceived liability risk and consequent defensive behaviour among obstetricians/gynaecologists and orthopaedists.
On Rayleigh–Taylor instability in Navier–Stokes–Korteweg equations
Authors: Zhang Xuyan , Tian Fangfang , Wang Weiwei 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis paper focuses on the Rayleigh–Taylor instability in the two-dimensional system of equations of nonhomogeneous incompressible viscous fluids with capillarity effects in a horizontal periodic domain with infinite height. First, we use the modified variational method to construct (linear) unstable solutions for the linearized capillary Rayleigh–Taylor problem. Then, motivated by the Grenier’s idea in (Grenier in Commun. Pure Appl. Math. 53(9):1067–1091, 2000), we further construct approximate solutions with higher-order growing modes to the capillary Rayleigh–Taylor problem and derive the error estimates between both the approximate solutions and nonlinear solutions of the capillary Rayleigh–Taylor problem. Finally, we prove the existence of escape points based on the bootstrap instability method of Hwang–Guo in (Hwang and Guo in Arch. Ration. Mech. Anal. 167(3):235–253, 2003), and thus obtain the nonlinear Rayleigh–Taylor instability result. Our instability result presents that the Rayleigh–Taylor instability can occur in the fluids with capillarity effects for any capillary coefficient $\kappa >0$
κ
>
0
if the critical capillary coefficient is infinite. In particular, it improves the previous Zhang’s result in (Zhang in J. Math. Fluid Mech. 24(3):70–23, 2022) with the assumption of smallness of the capillary coefficient.
Role of telitacicept in the treatment of IgA nephropathy
Authors: Wu Lijun , Du Xinru , Lu Xuehong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common primary glomerular disease in the world, and up to 40% of patients with IgAN develop end-stage renal disease (ESRD). At present, an increasing amount of evidence indicates that the pathogenesis of IgAN is related to autoimmunity. In recent years, several studies have shown that B cell activating factors (BAFF), also known as B lymphocyte stimulators (BLyS), and proliferation-inducing ligand APRIL are extremely important for the activation of autoimmune signalling pathways, which have become key targets for the treatment of IgAN. As a dual-target biological agent, telitacicept can inhibit both BLyS and APRIL cytokines, improve the function of renal immune complexes, and reduce haematuria and proteinuria, which play important roles in IgAN pathogenesis and long-term prognosis. This article reviews the role of telitacicept in IgA nephropathy and discusses its potential for use in the treatment of IgAN and other autoimmune diseases where pathogenesis is driven by B cells.
Recent advances and future perspectives in the therapeutics of prostate cancer
Authors: Varaprasad Ganji Lakshmi , Gupta Vivek Kumar , Prasad Kiran , Kim Eunsu , Tej Mandava Bhuvan , Mohanty Pratik , Verma Henu Kumar , Raju Ganji Seeta Rama , Bhaskar LVKS , Huh Yun Suk 
Published: September 2023

AbstractProstate cancer (PC) is one of the most common cancers in males and the fifth leading reason of death. Age, ethnicity, family history, and genetic defects are major factors that determine the aggressiveness and lethality of PC. The African population is at the highest risk of developing high-grade PC. It can be challenging to distinguish between low-risk and high-risk patients due to the slow progression of PC. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a revolutionary discovery for the identification of PC. However, it has led to an increase in over diagnosis and over treatment of PC in the past few decades. Even if modifications are made to the standard PSA testing, the specificity has not been found to be significant. Our understanding of PC genetics and proteomics has improved due to advances in different fields. New serum, urine, and tissue biomarkers, such as PC antigen 3 (PCA3), have led to various new diagnostic tests, such as the prostate health index, 4K score, and PCA3. These tests significantly reduce the number of unnecessary and repeat biopsies performed. Chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and prostatectomy are standard treatment options. However, newer novel hormone therapy drugs with a better response have been identified. Androgen deprivation and hormonal therapy are evolving as new and better options for managing hormone-sensitive and castration-resistant PC. This review aimed to highlight and discuss epidemiology, various risk factors, and developments in PC diagnosis and treatment regimens.
A scoping review of research literature on eating and body image for transgender and nonbinary youth
Authors: Heiden-Rootes Katie , Linsenmeyer Whitney , Levine Samantha , Oliveras Mark , Joseph Miriam 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Transgender and nonbinary (TGNB) adolescents and young adults are underrepresented in the literature on eating disorders and body image-related problems, despite increased mental health disparities and emerging research showing high associations between gender dysphoria, body image, and eating disorders among TGNB youth.

Aims
The scoping review was designed to critically examine the research on TGNB adolescents and young adults who experience eating and body image related problems as well as clinical studies on treatment approaches and effectiveness.

Method
Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) was used for reporting this scoping review. The electronic databases of MEDLINE and PsychInfo were used for searching subject terms. Inclusion criteria for studies required the quantitative measurement or qualitative exploration of body image or eating for transgender minor children, adolescents, or young adult samples (18 to 25 years old) and address differences in eating/body-related problems by age. The relevant data was extracted and narratively summarized.

Results
49 studies were identified, data extracted, and analyzed. Increased prevalence of eating disorders and body image problems were identified for TGNB youth. Body-gender congruence through gender affirming social and medical interventions (e.g., hormone therapy) were noted as significant for alleviating body image problems and facilitating eating disorder treatment. Family and social factors were not well understood in the literature and a need for increased study of TGNB youth from varied racial/ethnic, neurodiverse, and within specific identities (e.g., nonbinary) and families and cultural contexts is still needed.

Conclusions
Future research should consider the use of developmental and family theories for guiding inclusion of salient social factors influencing eating patterns, body image, and treatment outcomes. In addition, more studies are needed with those from minoritized racial and ethnic groups, neurodiversity, and varied gender identities (e.g., nonbinary and gender queer) for identifying important differences.
The assessment of caregiver self-efficacy in a virtual eating disorder setting
Authors: Jones Nickolas M. , Baker Jessica H. , Urban Bek , Freestone David , Doyle Angela Celio , Bohon Cara , Steinberg Dori M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundCaregiver self-efficacy is thought to be a key component for successful family-based treatment (FBT) for individuals with eating disorders. As such, interventions aimed at enhancing caregiver self-efficacy, often measured via the Parents Versus Anorexia scale, have been a focal point of FBT literature. However, studies looking at the relationship between caregiver self-efficacy and treatment outcomes have been mixed. We aimed to better understand the influence of caregiver self-efficacy on eating disorder treatment outcomes during FBT.MethodsCaregiver self-efficacy was measured using the Parents Versus Eating Disorders (PVED) scale, an adapted version of the Parents Versus Anorexia scale, in a sample of 1051 patients with an eating disorder and 1528 caregivers (patients can have more than one caregiver) receiving virtual FBT. Across two multilevel models, we tested how caregiver self-efficacy changed over time and its association with changes in eating disorder symptoms and weight over the first 16 weeks of treatment.ResultsOver treatment, PVED scores increased (b = 0.79,SE = 0.04, CI [0.72, 0.86]) and starting PVED scores were predictive of improved eating disorder symptoms (b = − 0.73,SE = 0.22, CI [− 1.15, − 0.30]), but not weight (b= − 0.96,SE = 0.59, CI [− 2.10, 0.19]). We also found that PVED change-from-baseline scores were predictive of weight (b = − 0.48,SE = 0.03, CI [− 0.53, − 0.43]) such that patient weight was lower when caregiver reports of PVED were higher. Likewise, the association between caregiver change in PVED scores and weight varied as a function of treatment time (b = 0.27,SE = 0.01, CI [0.24, 0.29]). Results were consistent when isolating patients with anorexia nervosa.ConclusionsCaregiver self-efficacy during FBT improved over time but was not robustly associated with treatment outcomes. This may, in part, be due to psychometric properties of the PVED scale. We describe these issues and illustrate the need for development of a new measure of self-efficacy for caregivers supporting their loved ones through eating disorder treatment.