bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cognitive impairment in diffuse axonal injury patients with favorable outcome
Authors: Chen Weiliang , Yao Chunyu , Li Shengwen , Huang Hongguang , Zhu Zujian , Chen Rui , Su Wen , Huang Xiao , Xu Lisheng , Sun Kaijie , Song Jiannan , Jiang Rongcai , Wang Guanjun 
Published: January 2023

Background and purposeTraumatic brain injury (TBI), especially the severe TBI are often followed by persistent cognitive sequalae, including decision-making difficulties, reduced neural processing speed and memory deficits. Diffuse axonal injury (DAI) is classified as one of the severe types of TBI. Part of DAI patients are marginalized from social life due to cognitive impairment, even if they are rated as favorable outcome. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the specific type and severity of cognitive impairment in DAI patients with favorable outcome.MethodsThe neurocognition of 46 DAI patients with favorable outcome was evaluated by the Chinese version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Basic (MoCA-BC), and the differences in the domains of cognitive impairment caused by different grades of DAI were analyzed after data conversion of scores of nine cognitive domains of MoCA-BC by Pearson correlation analysis.ResultsAmong the 46 DAI patients with favorable outcome, eight had normal cognitive function (MoCA-BC ≥ 26), and 38 had cognitive impairment (MoCA-BC &lt; 26). The MoCA-BC scores were positively correlated with pupillary light reflex (r = 0.361, p = 0.014), admission Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) (r = 0.402, p = 0.006), and years of education (r = 0.581, p &lt; 0.001). Return of consciousness (r = −0.753, p &lt; 0.001), Marshall CT (r = −0.328, p = 0.026), age (r = −0.654, p &lt; 0.001), and DAI grade (r = −0.403, p = 0.006) were found to be negatively correlated with the MoCA-BC scores. In patients with DAI grade 1, the actually deducted scores (Ads) of memory (r = 0.838, p &lt; 0.001), abstraction (r = 0.843, p &lt; 0.001), and calculation (r = 0.782, p &lt; 0.001) were most related to the Ads of MoCA-BC. The Ads of nine cognitive domains and MoCA-BC were all proved to be correlated, among patients with DAI grade 2. However, In the DAI grade 3 patients, the highest correlation with the Ads of MoCA-BC were the Ads of memory (r = 0.904, p &lt; 0.001), calculation (r = 0.799, p = 0.006), orientation (r = 0.801, p = 0.005), and executive function (r = 0.869, p = 0.001).ConclusionDAI patients with favorable outcome may still be plagued by cognitive impairment, and different grades of DAI cause different domains of cognitive impairment.
Extra cup of tea intake associated with increased risk of Alzheimer’s disease: Genetic insights from Mendelian randomization
Authors: Sun Yuxuan , Liang Zixin , Xia Xiaoxuan , Wang Maggie Haitian , Zhu Chengming , Pan Yihang , Sun Rui 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundObservational studies report inconclusive effects of tea consumption on the risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and the mechanisms are unclear. This study aims to investigate the effects of genetically predicted tea intake (cups of tea consumed per day) on AD, brain volume, and cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) using the two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) method.MethodsSummary statistics of tea intake were obtained from UK Biobank (N = 447,485), and AD was from the International Genomics of Alzheimer’s Project (N = 54,162). Genetic instruments were retrieved from UK Biobank using brain imaging-derived phenotypes for brain volume outcomes (N &gt; 33,224) and genome-wide association studies for CSVD (N: 17,663–48,454).ResultsIn the primary MR analysis, tea intake significantly increased the risk of AD using two different methods (ORIVW = 1.48, 95% CI: [1.14, 1.93]; ORWM = 2.00, 95% CI: [1.26, 3.18]) and reached a weak significant level using MR-Egger regression (p &lt; 0.1). The result passed all the sensitivity analyses, including heterogeneity, pleiotropy, and outlier tests. In the secondary MR analysis, per extra cup of tea significantly decreased gray matter (βWM = −1.63, 95% CI: [−2.41, −0.85]) and right hippocampus volume (βWM = −1.78, 95% CI: [−2.76, −0.79]). We found a nonlinear association between tea intake and AD in association analysis, which suggested that over-drinking with more than 13 cups per day might be a risk factor for AD. Association analysis results were consistent with MR results.ConclusionThis study revealed a potential causal association between per extra cup of tea and an increased risk of AD. Genetically predicted tea intake was associated with a decreased brain volume of gray matter and the right hippocampus, which indicates that over-drinking tea might lead to a decline in language and memory functions. Our results shed light on a novel possible mechanism of tea intake to increase the risk of AD by reducing brain volume.
A LASSO-based model to predict central lymph node metastasis in preoperative patients with cN0 papillary thyroid cancer
Authors: Zhao Feng , Wang Ping , Yu Chaoran , Song Xuefei , Wang Hui , Fang Jun , Zhu Chenfang , Li Yousheng 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionCentral lymph node metastasis (CLNM) is common in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Prophylactic central lymph node dissection (PCLND) in clinically negative central compartment lymph node (cN0) PTC patients is still controversial. How to predict CLNM before the operation is very important for surgical decision making.MethodsIn this article, we retrospectively enrolled 243 cN0 PTC patients and gathered data including clinical characteristics, ultrasound (US) characteristics, pathological results of fine-needle aspiration (FNA), thyroid function, eight gene mutations, and immunoenzymatic results. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) analysis was used for data dimensionality reduction and feature analysis.ResultsAccording to the results, the important predictors of CLNM were identified. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to establish a new nomogram prediction model. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, calibration curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA) curve were used to evaluate the performance of the new prediction model.DiscussionThe new nomogram prediction model was a reasonable and reliable model for predicting CLNM in cN0 PTC patients, but further validation is warranted.
Memory or acclimation of water stress in pea rely on root system's plasticity and plant's ionome modulation
Authors: Jacques Cécile , Girodet Sylvie , Leroy Fanny , Pluchon Sylvain , Salon Christophe , Prudent Marion 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionPeas, as legume crops, could play a major role in the future of food security in the context of worldwide human nutrient deficiencies coupled with the growing need to reduce consumption of animal products. However, pea yields, in terms of quantity and quality (i.e. grain content), are both susceptible to climate change, and more specifically to water deficits, which nowadays occur more frequently during crop growth cycles and tend to last longer. The impact of soil water stress on plant development and plant growth is complex, as its impact varies depending on soil water availability (through the modulation of elements available in the soil), and by the plant’s ability to acclimate to continuous stress or to memorize previous stress events.MethodTo identify the strategies underlying these plant responses to water stress events, pea plants were grown in controlled conditions under optimal water treatment and different types of water stress; transient (during vegetative or reproductive periods), recurrent, and continuous (throughout the plant growth cycle). Traits related to water, carbon, and ionome uptake and uses were measured and allowed the identification typical plant strategies to cope with water stress.ConclusionOur results highlighted (i) the common responses to the three types of water stress in shoots, involving manganese (Mn) in particular, (ii) the potential implications of boron (B) for root architecture modification under continuous stress, and (iii) the establishment of an “ecophysiological imprint” in the root system via an increase in nodule numbers during the recovery period.
Research on the design and application of “MOOC + flipped classroom” for basketball courses in colleges and universities from the perspective of education modernization
Authors: Hu Ti , Liu Hong , Xia Fan 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundThe wave of education information based on the “Internet+” has swept the world, and the traditional teaching mode can no longer meet the new needs of education teaching, so the teaching mode of “MOOC+ flipped classroom” has attracted widespread attention educators.ObjectiveThis study explores the effect of “MOOC+ flipped classroom” on the teaching design and application of basketball courses in colleges and universities from the perspective of education modernization in order to promote the development of students’ core literacy and provide a more theoretical basis and practical support for the in-depth research and promotion of “MOOC+ flipped classroom” teaching mode.MethodsThis study adopts a quasi-experimental design to study the teaching of basketball courses in colleges and universities based on “MOOC +flipped classroom.” The experimental class adopted “MOOC+ flipped classroom” teaching (34 students), and the control group adopted traditional classroom teaching (30 students). Before and after the 16-week intervention, the student’s learning effects were measured by basketball skill level assessment, Cooperation Ability Scale for University Students, Utrecht Work Engagement Scale-student, and Self-regulated Learning Scale, and the data were analyzed by independent sample t-test and repeated-measures ANOVA.Conclusion(1) Compared with the traditional classroom teaching mode, the “MOOC+ flipped Classroom” teaching mode is innovative in terms of teaching philosophy, teaching resources, and teaching methods, which promotes the change of education informatization and further promotes the realization of education modernization. (2) The “MOOC+ flipped classroom”-based teaching design for basketball courses benefits students’ basketball skill level, study engagement, cooperation ability, and self-regulated learning ability, thus effectively promoting the students’ core literacy.
Family and social class differences in sports behavior motivation among college students: An empirical study based on the latent class model
Authors: Liu Liping , Chen Shanping , Yang Xueyan , Yang Yuqing 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveThis article aims to explore the potential categories of college students’ sports behavior motivation and the differences between different family social classes on potential categories.ParticipantsIn total, 1,092 college students were investigated in this study.MethodsThis article used the “College Students’ Sports Behavior Motivation Questionnaire” to survey 1,092 college students using the whole group sampling method. The potential profile analysis method was applied to classify the types of college students’ sports behavior motivation and further analyze the characteristics of different family social classes and sports behavior motivation.ResultsCollege students’ sports behavior motivation types can be divided into the following four categories: “low motivation type” (0.82%), “healthy appearance type” (11.45%), “healthy fun type” (37.36%), and “high motivation type” (50.37%). The higher the family’s social class, the more the sports behavior motivation of college students tends to be healthy appearance, health, fun, and high motivation. The lower the family social class, the more motivational sports behavior of college students tends to be low motivation. The better the perception of health, the higher the probability that college students belong to the high-motivation type. The fewer chronic diseases that college students have are associated with a healthy appearance and high motivation.ConclusionThere is a certain relationship between the type of college students’ sports behavior motivation and their family social class. Therefore, in school physical education, we should open all kinds of sports activities according to college students’ sports behavior motivation needs and focus on college students with lower family social class in order to intervene precisely on their motivation for sports behaviors, improve participation, and promote the overall health of college students.
Investigating accountability for Artificial Intelligence through risk governance: A workshop-based exploratory study
Authors: Hohma Ellen , Boch Auxane , Trauth Rainer , Lütge Christoph 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionWith the growing prevalence of AI-based systems and the development of specific regulations and standardizations in response, accountability for consequences resulting from the development or use of these technologies becomes increasingly important. However, concrete strategies and approaches of solving related challenges seem to not have been suitably developed for or communicated with AI practitioners.MethodsStudying how risk governance methods can be (re)used to administer AI accountability, we aim at contributing to closing this gap. We chose an exploratory workshop-based methodology to investigate current challenges for accountability and risk management approaches raised by AI practitioners from academia and industry.Results and DiscussionOur interactive study design revealed various insights on which aspects do or do not work for handling risks of AI in practice. From the gathered perspectives, we derived 5 required characteristics for AI risk management methodologies (balance, extendability, representation, transparency and long-term orientation) and determined demands for clarification and action (e.g., for the definition of risk and accountabilities or standardization of risk governance and management) in the effort to move AI accountability from a conceptual stage to industry practice.
The mediating effect of resilience on mental health literacy and positive coping style among Chinese empty nesters: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Song Li , Wang Yujie , Zhang Qinghua , Yin Jinyu , Gan Wei , Shang Siyi , Qi Lingxia , Chen Shengguang , Liu Tongtong 
Published: January 2023

ObjectivesEmpty nesters in China have limited mental health literacy (MHL), which may lead to poorer health outcomes. Studies demonstrate that MHL is associated with both resilience and positive coping style. However, the potential mechanism of MHL, resilience and positive coping style remain unclear. Therefore, the study aims to investigate the possible mediating role of resilience in the relationship between MHL and positive coping style.MethodIn this cross-sectional study, a total of 363 empty nesters from Huzhou, China were surveyed in 2022. The Chinese version of Mental Health Literacy Scale (C-MHLS), the Chinese version of 10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC-10) and the Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ-19) were used to assess MHL, resilience, and positive coping style, respectively.ResultsPositive coping style was significantly correlated with MHL and resilience, and MHL was positively correlated with resilience (p &lt; 0.01). MHL can significantly and positively predict the positive coping style, and resilience played a partial intermediary role between MHL and positive coping style, with the intermediary effect of 77.36%.ConclusionThis study indicates that MHL not only directly affected positive coping style, but also indirectly influences positive coping style by increasing the resilience of empty nesters. The results provide an empirical evidence for the development of intervention programs to improve positive coping style directly and indirectly. Consequently, community health servicers should take targeted measures which focus on MHL and resilience as breakthrough points to stimulate positive coping style of empty nesters, and ultimately achieve their overall well-being.
Efficacy of a multimodal lifestyle intervention (The Lift Project) for improving the mental health of individuals with an affective mood disorder living in South Africa
Authors: Oakes-Cornellissen Amanda , Morton Darren , Rankin Paul , Renfrew Melanie 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundAffective disorders are becoming more pervasive worldwide, including in Southern Africa, where treating patients with these conditions is challenging due to social and financial constraints. A variety of non-pharmacological approaches including lifestyle medicine (e.g., exercise, nutrition, sleep) and positive psychology practices (e.g., gratitude, service), are effective for treating mental health (MH) conditions.MethodsTwenty-six individuals from South Africa with a diagnosed MH condition participated in a 10-week multimodal intervention incorporating a diverse range of non-pharmacological strategies for improving MH. MH metrics were assessed pre-and post-intervention, including general MH, vitality/energy (VIT), depression, anxiety, stress, and satisfaction with life. MH and VIT were also measured weekly.ResultsImprovements were observed in all mental metrics from pre-to post-intervention: MH (59%, p &lt; 0.001, Cohen’s D = 1.36), VIT (110%, p &lt; 0.001, Cohen’s D = 1.71), depression (−46%, p &lt; 0.001, Cohen’s D = −1.06), anxiety (−48%, p &lt; 0.001, Cohen’s D = −1.21), stress (−36%, p &lt; 0.001, Cohen’s D = −1.08) and life satisfaction (23%, p &lt; 0.001, Cohen’s D = 0.66). Significant improvements in MH and VIT were observed after only 1 week of the intervention and progressively increased until the seventh week, after which further improvements were not statistically significant.ConclusionThe findings of this cohort study indicate that a multimodal intervention that incorporates lifestyle and positive psychology practices may benefit individuals living with an affective disorder. Non-pharmacological, multimodal interventions might offer a stigma-free way of providing MH promotion and treatment at a population level.
Lived experiences matter: The role of mental health professionals’ psychological crises and vulnerability in shaping their health beliefs and concepts
Authors: Ponew Angel , Brieger Anna , Lust Christian , Speerforck Sven , von Peter Sebastian , Stuetzle Stefan 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundMental health professionals are often affected by mental health problems and disorders. Yet, the effects of these lived experiences on their causal beliefs and health concepts have not been investigated. The current study investigates how professionals’ lived depressive experiences and their perceived vulnerability to mental illness affect their causal beliefs about mental disorders, their general concept of mental health and their specific concepts of depression and burnout.MethodsAn online survey was conducted with 218 mental health professionals from 18 psychiatric clinic departments in the German federal states of Berlin and Brandenburg, investigating their experiences with depression, self-assessed vulnerability, their causal beliefs of mental illness, their general health concept and specific illness concepts of depression and burnout. A path model was calculated to examine the relationships between these variables. Participants with and without lived experience of depression were grouped.ResultsLived experience of depression was indicated by 126 participants. For participants with no experience of depression, perceived vulnerability negatively predicted beliefs in biological causation, which positively predicted higher differentiation between depression and burnout. For participants with previous depression experiences, perceived vulnerability positively predicted beliefs in psychological and social causation. Continuum belief was predicted only in this group by the three variables of causal beliefs. Psychological and social causation was positively associated, while biological causes were negatively associated with continuum beliefs.ConclusionMental health professionals are not external to the clinical situation. Their lived experiences do matter, shaping their beliefs and concepts and, thus, possibly also their actions toward patients.
Sexually transmitted infections on the border between Brazil and French Guiana
Authors: Nacher Mathieu , Divino Flavia , Leborgne Cyril , Correa Valmir , Rabier Sébastien , Lucarelli Aude , Rhodes Sophie , Gaillet Mélanie , Malafaia Dorinaldo , Rousseau Cyril , Sanna Alice , Gomes Margarete , Adenis Antoine , Peiter Paulo , Michaud Céline 
Published: January 2023

PurposeThe border between the State of Amapa, Brazil, and French Guiana is mostly primary forest. In the Oyapock basin, socioeconomic circumstances have fueled sex work, gold mining and the circulation of sexually transmitted infections. Given the lack of comprehensive data on this border area, we describe the different sexually transmitted infections along the Brazil/French Guiana border and the testing and care activity.MethodsWe conducted a review of the available scientific and technical literature on sexually transmitted infections in this complex border area. Temporal trends were graphed and for Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) we estimated incidence using the European Center for prevention and Disease Control modeling tool.ResultsUntil 2019, 26 of the 46 HIV-infected patients followed and treated in Saint Georges de l'Oyapock were residing on the Brazilian side in Oiapoque. Virological suppression was only achieved for 75% of treated patients; but dropped to 62% during the COVID-19 epidemic. In 2019, cooperation efforts allowed HIV care in Oiapoque, resulting in the transfer of Brazilian patients previously followed on the French side and a substantial increase in the number of patients followed in Oiapoque. The average yearly HIV serological testing activity at the health center in Saint Georges was 16 tests per 100 inhabitants per year; in Camopi it was 12.2 per 100 inhabitants. Modeling estimated the number of persons living with HIV around 170 persons, corresponding to a prevalence of 0.54% and about 40 undiagnosed infections. The model also suggested that there were about 12 new infections per year in Saint Georges and Oiapoque, representing an HIV incidence rate of 3.8 cases per 10,000 per year. HPV prevalence in Saint Georges ranges between 25 and 30% and between 35 and 40% in Camopi. Testing activity for other sexually transmitted infections markedly increased in the past 5 years; the introduction of PCR for chlamydiasis and gonorrhea also had a substantial impact on the number of diagnoses.ConclusionsThe ongoing cooperation between multiple partners on both sides of the border has led to remarkable progress in primary prevention, in testing efforts, in treatment and retention on both sides of the border. In a region with intense health professional turnover, nurturing cooperation and providing accurate assessments of the burden of sexually transmitted infections is essential to tackle a problem that is shared on both sides of the border.