bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systematic Ultrasound Screening for Lower Extremity Deep Vein Thrombosis in ICU Patients with Severe COVID-19: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Marrero Eligio De La Puente Carlos Ernesto , Flota Ruiz David , Besalduch Lluis Sánchez , Capó Xavier Faner , Sala Daniel Gil , Ibars Clara Palmada , Mindiolaza Ivan Bajaña , Chiscano Camon Luis Silvestre , Sanmartin Adolfo Ruiz , Ruiz-Rodríguez Juan Carlos , Ferrer Ricard , Montoya Sergi Bellmunt 
Published: January 2025

Background Venous thromboembolism (VTE), whether pulmonary embolism (PE) or deep vein thrombosis (DVT), is common in patients with COVID-19. Recommendations on systematic screening in the intensive care unit (ICU) are lacking. Research question Is there any clinical benefit of systematic screening for DVT in critically ill patients with severe COVID-19? Study design and methods Single-center randomized clinical trial (RCT) of COVID-19 cases admitted to the ICU. Patients were randomized into two groups: a study group that underwent ultrasound (US) screening for DVT Mondays and Thursdays, and a control group that was treated according to the unit protocol. The primary outcome was the presence of DVT. Secondary outcomes were ICU total stay, death within 21-day follow-up and bleeding complications (minor or major). A composite outcome of poor prognosis variables was analyzed. We tested a superiority hypothesis with a confidence level of 95% and an equivalence limit of 20%. Results 163 patients (84 screening group, 79 control group) were enrolled between April and July 2021. There were 90 men (55.2%) with a mean ± SD age of 49.8 ± 13.58 years. In screening group 16.7% developed DVT versus 3.8% in control group (p = .007), and 3.6% versus 5.1% developed PE, respectively (p = 0.7). Poor outcome variables were male sex, age, COVID-19 vaccination status, Fibrinogen, Urea, Creatinine and Interleukin 6 (IL6) levels; Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) scales. The superiority comparison, with a power of 95%, showed no statistically significant differences for a composite endpoint (p = .123). After adjusting by group, the OR for poor outcome is 1.966 (0.761-5.081) p = 0.163 Interpretation Among these patients, a strategy of systematic US screening for DVT was not associated with any significant improvements to clinical outcomes compared with usual care. Clinical Trial Registration Clinicaltrials.org registration number: NCT05028244.
Study on fluid flow as well as heat transfer characteristics of high-speed solid-rotor motor cooled by natural gas based on turbulent Taylor-Couette vortex
Authors: Qiu Hongbo , Lu Jianan , Cao Mingming , Zhao Qiang , Yang Cunxiang 
Published: January 2025

The High-speed Solid-rotor Induction Motor Cooled by Natural Gas (HSIMCNG), is suitable for integrated compressors in natural gas pipeline transportation due to its high mechanical strength. In order to further improve the cooling effect of the motor and lighten the motor weight, it is of great significance to research on the natural gas flow, heat transfer characteristics and motor structure optimization. Firstly, the natural gas flow state characteristics in the 160 kW HSIMCNG are investigated in this article. The natural gas Taylor vortex distribution in the air gap is analyzed, and the natural gas flow as well as heat transfer characteristics are obtained. Secondly, in the cooling structure of the motor with slotted rotor, the impact of the slot on the natural gas flow state is further explored in detail by combining the mechanism of the Taylor vortex on the natural gas turbulent kinetic energy, and the natural gas heat transfer effect is clarified. Finally, the variation characteristics of the natural gas radial and tangential velocities with the spatial position in the motor with different ventilation cooling structures are compared and analyzed in depth, and the key factors affecting the natural gas Taylor vortex flow and heat transfer effect are determined.
Enhanced detection of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis using nanogold-based silver staining enhancement
Authors: Quan Lili , Yang Qianrong , Jin Zhu , Li Rong , Xiao Han , Wang Lu 
Published: January 2025

Background Tuberculosis (TB) is a global health challenge from a single infectious agent, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), and it demands improved diagnostics and therapies. Objective This work explored a novel method for detecting MTB by combining nanogold labeling (NGL) technology with silver staining to enhance sensitivity and specificity. Methods Nanogold particles (NGPs) were characterized using ultraviolet absorption spectroscopy (UVAS), and their morphology was observed via transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The silver staining enhancement (SSE) system was optimized for a reaction time of 11 min. Fifty drug-resistant tuberculosis (DRT) patients were randomly assigned to a control (Ctrl) group receiving conventional nursing and an experimental (Exp) group treated with continuous nursing intervention (CNI). Quality of Life Instrument for Tuberculosis Patients (QLI-TB) scores were compared over 6 months. Results Unmarked NGPs were evenly distributed, while labeled NGPs maintained complete morphology with a gray halo. The detection limit was established at 0.582, reaching as low as 1 pmol/L. For sputum specimens, detection rates were 38.7% for culture, 41.94% for PCR, and 43.54% for nanogold SSE, with no significant differences ( P > 0.05). However, patients in the Exp group exhibited significant improvements in physical, psychological, and social functions, as well as the tuberculosis-specific module (TSM) compared to the Ctrl group ( P < 0.05). Conclusions We demonstrated an innovative method for detecting MTB, demonstrating promising results through method optimization and analysis.
Qualitative Analysis of Symptoms from the Central Thalamic Deep Brain Stimulation Trial for Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Gerber Linda M , Shulman Kaiulani S , Wright Megan S , Schiff Nicholas D , Fins Joseph J 
Published: January 2025

Background Studies of moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) report persistent clinical impairment post-injury. In the CENTURY-S study of deep brain stimulation (DBS) in chronic TBI, Schiff et al.‘s paper, “Thalamic deep brain stimulation in traumatic brain injury: a phase 1, randomized feasibility study” demonstrated improvements in executive control. A companion narrative analysis by Fins et al., “Subject and Family Perspectives from the Central Thalamic Deep Brain Stimulation Trial for Traumatic Brain Injury” Parts I and II described improvements in cognitive, behavioral, and emotional capabilities. Objective The present study provides an aggregate symptom assessment utilizing pre- and post-DBS narratives from subjects and their family members. Methods Drawing upon participants from the CENTURY-S study, Fins et al. conducted semi-structured interviews with five subjects with moderate-to-severe TBI and their family members. Transcripts were subsequently coded deductively and inductively in Dedoose by two independent investigators. Results Subjects and families frequently volunteered memory and cognitive symptoms as well as difficulties with self-regulation, frustration, and irritability pre-DBS. Following stimulation, four subjects and four families noted improvement in memory and attention and focus, while three subjects and five families volunteered improvements in self-regulation. Fatigue improved in three subjects who previously reported this symptom and in one who did not. Conclusions Secondary qualitative analysis of narrative data of DBS trial participants supports the incorporation of qualitative data as additional outcome measures in studies of DBS in TBI.
Development of the Foot and Ankle Activity Level Scale (FAALS) Instrument
Authors: Matheny Lauren M. , Clanton Thomas O. , Backus Jonathon D. , Waldrop Norman E. , Briggs Karen K. , Horan Marilee P. , Robinson Anastasia 
Published: January 2025

Background: Activity level is a benchmark to document patient recovery; however, there is a lack of instrumentation to measure activity level specific to the foot and ankle. The purpose of this study was to develop a foot and ankle activity level scale (FAALS) instrument that will serve as an effective clinical tool for practitioners by assigning an activity level to patients. Methods: This was a 4-phase study with 3 rounds of data collection (n = 1432). Phase 1 was item generation using an expert panel to determine content validity (101 items). In phase 2, all items from phase 1 were piloted (n = 100) to remove poorly performing items (77 items). In phase 3 (n = 505), item reduction, reliability, and validity Rasch analyses were conducted, leaving a total of 22 items. Validity was assessed using outfit mean-square (MNSQ) and infit MNSQ statistics, with acceptable values between 0.5 and 1.5. An additional round of data collection was completed to serve as a validation data set to confirm FAALS instrument structure and psychometric analytics (n = 827). Correlation analysis was performed to assess convergent and divergent validity. Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to determine whether the FAALS could detect differences in scores between groups with previously proven factors that affect functional status. Results: Person reliability was 0.92 and item reliability was 1.00, demonstrating excellent reliability. There was excellent evidence of validity, with mean-square values between 0.5 and 1.5. The 22 FAALS items are summed for a total score that corresponds to one of 4 activity levels. The FAALS instrument demonstrated sensitivity in the ability to discern between groups with expected foot and ankle functional differences for previous ankle surgery status, t(502) = –7.69, P < .001, and body mass index, t(502) = −3.41, P < .001. Conclusion: The FAALS instrument is a short, clinically useful tool to measure activity level specific to the foot and ankle. FAALS normative values provide valuable information for physician-patient communication, which may serve to facilitate shared decision-making, improve postoperative care, and allow physicians to track recovery progress.
Evaluation and comparison of infusion reactions related to prophylactic medication timing for taxane administration
Authors: Noble Jacob , Irvine Clay , Tevaarwerk Amy , Cole Kristin , Shah Vishal , Gander Kathleen , Soefje Scott A. 
Published: January 2025

Introduction Taxane medications, paclitaxel, and docetaxel, are chemotherapy agents that have a higher incidence of reported hypersensitivity and infusion reactions. To help classify these reactions, the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (NCI CTCAE) is utilized. Prophylactic medications have been used to decrease the incidence and severity of these events. At our institution, medications that patients can receive prior to the initiation of a taxane infusion are a histamine 1 receptor antagonist (H1RA), histamine 2 receptor antagonist (H2RA), a steroid or a combination of these medications. The purpose of this retrospective review was to compare the rates and severity of infusion reactions based on the timing of prophylactic medication administration in the first and second doses of taxane infusions. Methods Patients who received paclitaxel or docetaxel from January 30th, 2022, through January 30th, 2023, were included in the analysis. To assist in the identification of a reaction, taxane administrations were flagged for review if a rescue medication was administered after the start of a paclitaxel or docetaxel infusion. The rates and severity of infusion reactions were analyzed based on the timing of prophylactic medication administration. A sub-group analysis comparing infusion reaction characteristics between taxanes given, was performed. Results Of the 1486 taxane infusions that were completed within the year, 249 infusion reactions were confirmed and graded utilizing the NCI CTCAE. When examining the first and second doses of a taxane (N = 536), we identified 222 infusions reactions. The odds of a patient having an infusion reaction, during the first and second doses, was found to be less likely for patients given a prophylactic medication 30 min prior to receiving a taxane compared to those who did not receive a pre-medication (p = 0.037). Conclusion This multisite retrospective study showed that administration of prophylactic medications 30 to 80 min prior to the first and second infusion of a taxane was the optimal timing to decrease the likelihood of patients having an infusion reaction. No difference in the severity of the reaction was seen. Most patients were able to complete the entire infusion, regardless of what rescue medications were used following the infusion reaction.
The prognostic value of AGTR1 A1166C gene polymorphism in all-cause mortality and heart failure in patients with acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Tran An Viet , Nguyen Anh Phuong , Tran Phat Tan , Nguyen Khue Duy , Nguyen Thuan Tuan , Tran Bao Lam Thai , Nguyen Cao Thi Tai 
Published: January 2025

Introduction The prognostic role of the AGTR1 A1166C genetic polymorphism in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is controversial and inconsistent across various study populations. Materials and Methods We conducted a cross-sectional analysis with 6 months of follow-up. All participants were identified for AGTR1 A1166C polymorphism using the polymerase chain reaction method, with follow-up on survival status at 6 months from the date of admission. The Cox regression model and survival curves were estimated using the Kaplan–Meier curve and corrected with confounding factors. Results The proportions of AA, AC and CC genotypes were 88.1%, 10.9%, and 1%, respectively. Mortality after 6 months occurred in 31 cases (30.7%). 6-month survival analysis through Kaplan-Meier curves showed a trend with lower cumulative survival of the AC and CC genotype group with p = 0.02, and the outcomes were still significant with p = 0.05 when corrected for confounding factors. Although Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox regression models indicated a marginally elevated incidence of heart failure within the AC and CC genotype populations following a six-month follow-up period, the statistical analysis revealed no significance. Conclusion AGTR1 A1166C gene polymorphisms could be an important factor in increasing all-cause mortality in patients after AMI.
Echocardiography parameters and cardiac geometry in pregnancy by race and ethnicity
Authors: Wilkie Gianna , Essa Angela , Person Sharina D. , Kovell Lara 
Published: January 2025

Objectives The objective of this study was to assess transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) parameters in pregnancy by race and ethnicity. Methods We performed a retrospective cohort study of pregnant individuals without cardiovascular disease who underwent a perinatal TTE between October 2017 and May 2022. Demographics and echocardiographic parameters were compared by race/ethnicity. Multivariate regression analysis was performed for TTE parameters after adjusting for age and hypertension. Results During the study period, 369 individuals had TTEs with a mean age of 31.8 ± 6.0 years old. Subjects were 55.3% White, 24.7% Hispanic, 14.1% Black, and 6.0% Asian. TTE parameters of left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction and LV mass index differed by race/ethnicity, though no difference was seen in cardiac geometry. Conclusion The differences in TTE parameters may not be clinically significant as most values fall within normal clinical ranges. Further prospective studies are needed to better evaluate cardiac outcomes by differences in echocardiographic parameters in pregnancy.
Protective Effects of Aerial Parts of Blumea lacera in Ameliorating the Hepatic key Enzymes and Carbohydrate Metabolizing Indices in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats
Authors: Rath Diptirani , Khan Haseeb A. , Maharana Laxmidhar 
Published: January 2025

Background Blumea lacera Burm. f. DC (Asteraceae) is an erect herb with antioxidant and α-amylase inhibitory activities, rendering it a potential agent for the evaluation of antidiabetic activity. Methods Experimental diabetes was induced in albino Wistar rats by a single intraperitoneally injection of streptozotocin (50 mg/kg b.w.) dissolved in cold citrate buffer at pH 4.5. Different fractions of methanol extract of aerial parts of B. lacera were subjected to acute antidiabetic study in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats at a dose of 200 mg/kg tested up to 10 h. Methanol fraction (MFBL) at 100 and 200 mg/kg was administered to diabetic rats for sub-acute antidiabetic study. Serum biochemistry including lipid profile, insulin levels, and carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes as well as histopathology, were performed during the 30 days of interventional study. All the groups were compared with the standard drug Metformin. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of different fractions was conducted to identify the active compounds. Results MFBL showed a significant ( P < 0.01) fall in blood glucose levels and hepatic enzymes in a dose-dependent manner in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. MFBL also modulated the activities of carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes, by significantly increasing the effects of hexokinase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and significantly reducing the effects of glucose-6-phosphatase and fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase. The histopathology of liver and pancreas samples along with antioxidant study also supported biochemical observations. GC-MS analysis identified 17 major bioactive compounds including the antidiabetic agent, Myo-inositol, in different fractions. Conclusion The anti-diabetic effects of MFBL are attributed to its modulatory effects on carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes as well as the presence of antidiabetic phytochemical ‘Myo-inositol’ in MFBL. Further studies are warranted to identify multiple targets of active compounds present in B. lacera plant.
Hinge Position Dominance Over Osteotomy Inclination in Medial Open-Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy: A Key Factor in Posterior Tibial Slope Changes
Authors: Bax Eva A. , Nguyen H. Chien , van Egmond Nienke , Slump Cornelis H. , Kruyt Moyo C. , Custers Roel J.H. , Hekman Edsko E.G. 
Published: January 2025

Objective A medial open-wedge high tibial osteotomy (MOWHTO) may increase the posterior tibial slope (PTS). The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the osteotomy inclination angle (in the sagittal plane) in combination with different hinge positions (in the transverse plane) on the change in PTS due to a MOWHTO. Methods We developed a mathematical approach to determine the effect of the osteotomy inclination angle combined with different hinge positions. The change in PTS was determined for different osteotomy inclination angles, hinge positions, and intended wedge angles. Anterior-inclined, parallel, and posterior-inclined osteotomy inclination angles were simulated. Hinge positions varied between 5° anterolateral and −45° posterolateral. The wedge angles were 5°, 10°, and 15°. Moreover, 2 in silico osteotomies were performed to verify the results of the mathematical model. Results The PTS was maintained when the osteotomy cut was performed parallel to the tibial plateau with a lateral hinge position. The PTS changed when the osteotomy was not aligned in the sagittal plane, ranging between 0.0° and 0.6°. Different hinge positions, however, had a large effect on postoperative PTS change, ranging between 0.1° and 10.7°. Conclusions Our mathematical approach showed that the hinge position has a strong effect on the PTS. The sagittal osteotomy inclination angle had little effect on the PTS. An inclination angle parallel to the medial tibial plateau combined with a lateral hinge position does not change the PTS.
1990–2041 Global burden of Burkitt lymphoma with 20 years forecast: A systematic analysis using the global burden disease of study of 2021
Authors: Dou Chengyun , Sang Yidan , Zhu Hongbo , Cao Chuangjie 
Published: January 2025

Background: To investigate the trends in Burkitt lymphoma incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life-years, considering sex and age, from 1990 to 2021, with a 20-year forecast. Method: Data regarding Burkitt lymphoma were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease study for the year 2021. Results: Globally, there were 19,072 incident cases of Burkitt lymphoma in 2021. Cases of Burkitt lymphoma experienced a 207% increase from 1990 to 2021. Over three decades, Burkitt lymphoma-associated deaths rose from 3843 to 6525. The global incidence rate of Burkitt lymphoma increased from 0.127 in 1990 to 0.236 in 2021 per 100,000 population. High body-mass indexes contribution to Burkitt lymphoma is evident in the disability-adjusted life-years, with the United States and the United Kingdom recording 0.06 and 0.05, respectively. Conversely, China and India demonstrated substantially lower contributions, at 0.02 and 0.005, respectively. The groups aged 0–14 and 50–74 years surpassed other age groups in both Burkitt lymphoma-associated incidence and death numbers. Moreover, males consistently had higher Burkitt lymphoma-associated mortality rates and numbers than females in all age groups. Furthermore, the estimated annual percentage changes of incidence with Burkitt lymphoma were positively correlated with sociodemographic index (Pearson r = 0.606; p = 0.003). The Bayesian age-period-cohort model predicts a significant increase in the age-standardized incidence rates of Burkitt lymphoma over the next 20 years. Interestingly, the age-standardized rates of death did not change dramatically from 1990 to 2021; and the trend is expected to remain relatively stable in the future 20 years. Conclusion: The burden of Burkitt lymphoma varies according to different regions and genders, and children of 0–14 years, adults of 50–74 years with Burkitt lymphoma disease as well as male patients need special attention. High body-mass index contributes significantly to Burkitt lymphoma burden in the United States and United Kingdom, but less so in China and India. Hopefully, this study will help optimize the prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and management of Burkitt lymphoma to reduce the disease burden.