bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unpacking the concept of 20-minute neighbourhoods: disentangling “desired outcomes” from the “means” available for achieving them
Authors: AlWaer Husam , Cooper Ian 
Published: February 2023

PurposeAn in-depth literature review was undertaken to uncover (1) what are described as the desired outcomes for 20 minute neighbourhoods (20MNs) – the normatively based ends which planners, architects and decision-makers want 20MNs to achieve; (2) the means (the mechanisms, levers, triggers and causal factors) that have to be correctly assembled and lined up for 20MNs to operate as intended and (3), in order to avoid naive environmental determinism, the behavioural changes required to support the operation of 20MNs even where the required configuration of means can be achieved. The content analysis was conducted following guidelines offered by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) criteria.Design/methodology/approachGrowing interest in the urban design concept of the “20MNs” has been greatly accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic. It has been presented as a way of increasing the quality of local environments by enabling people to meet their daily needs through access to safe walking and cycling routes or by public transport. Internationally, it has captured the imagination of political decision-makers, built-environment practitioners and communities alike, as a life-affirming post-pandemic vision, held up as achieving environmental, health and economic improvements as well as reducing inequalities experienced by many. This paper's overall purpose is to separate the ends pursued in 20MNs from means available for achieving them.FindingsThe paper concludes that the ambition to see the 20MNs widely woven into existing urban, suburban and rural neighbourhoods will require significant effort to ensure all that all the component parts of, and key players in, planning's place-delivery systems are aligned and mutually supportive. Even where this can be achieved, further guidance will be needed on (1) how to operationalise the practical implementation of 20MNs and (2) how their success can be measured.Originality/valueThe originality of the paper lies in its efforts to discriminate between ends and means – between desired outcomes of 20MNs and the means available for achieving them. The significance of the paper lies here in this attempt to initiate a discussion on possible causal relationships between what is wanted and what would need to be done to achieve it. Without clarity about these relationships, misunderstanding, confusion and barriers to communication may arise across the many different organizations, stakeholder groups and actors involved. This lack of clarity could undermine trust and confidence, potentially undermining both the process and to its outcomes.
An automatic image processing based on Hough transform algorithm for pavement crack detection and classification
Authors: Matarneh Sandra , Elghaish Faris , Al-Ghraibah Amani , Abdellatef Essam , Edwards David John 
Published: February 2023

PurposeIncipient detection of pavement deterioration (such as crack identification) is critical to optimizing road maintenance because it enables preventative steps to be implemented to mitigate damage and possible failure. Traditional visual inspection has been largely superseded by semi-automatic/automatic procedures given significant advancements in image processing. Therefore, there is a need to develop automated tools to detect and classify cracks.Design/methodology/approachThe literature review is employed to evaluate existing attempts to use Hough transform algorithm and highlight issues that should be improved. Then, developing a simple low-cost crack detection method based on the Hough transform algorithm for pavement crack detection and classification.FindingsAnalysis results reveal that model accuracy reaches 92.14% for vertical cracks, 93.03% for diagonal cracks and 95.61% for horizontal cracks. The time lapse for detecting the crack type for one image is circa 0.98 s for vertical cracks, 0.79 s for horizontal cracks and 0.83 s for diagonal cracks. Ensuing discourse serves to illustrate the inherent potential of a simple low-cost image processing method in automated pavement crack detection. Moreover, this method provides direct guidance for long-term pavement optimal maintenance decisions.Research limitations/implicationsThe outcome of this research can help highway agencies to detect and classify cracks accurately for a very long highway without a need for manual inspection, which can significantly minimize cost.Originality/valueHough transform algorithm was tested in terms of detect and classify a large dataset of highway images, and the accuracy reaches 92.14%, which can be considered as a very accurate percentage regarding automated cracks and distresses classification.
Less is more or the more the merrier? Analysing attitudes towards multiple‐mandate holding among local officeholders
Authors: Karv Thomas , Malmberg Fredrik 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe practice of multiple‐mandate holding is widespread across Europe. Critics argue that this practice contributes to a concentration of political power, a higher risk for conflicts of interest and damage to the public image of political actors. Advocates meanwhile claim that it provides clear benefits, such as local embeddedness of the national or regional political decision‐making and a greater degree of professionalisation in politics. However, little is known about how political actors themselves look upon this practice. This especially in a context like Finland, where this practice is said to be embedded in the political culture and where another institutional level has recently been implemented, making it possible for political actors to simultaneously hold political mandates at the local‐, regional‐ and national levels. This paper examines attitudes towards multiple‐mandate holding among local political decision‐makers using unique survey data gathered through a new online panel. The results suggest that councillors from a populist radical right party and those who perceive corruption and partial treatment as more common were the most negatively disposed towards this practice, while councillors from the traditionally strongest rural party were the most in favour.
Greater resistance to footshock punishment in female C57BL/6J mice responding for ethanol
Authors: Sneddon Elizabeth A. , Fennell Kaila A. , Bhati Sachi , Setters Joshua E. , Schuh Kristen M. , DeMedio Jenelle N. , Arnold Brandon J. , Monroe Sean C. , Quinn Jennifer J. , Radke Anna K. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundOne characteristic of alcohol use disorder is compulsive drinking or drinking despite negative consequences. When quinine is used to model such aversion‐resistant drinking, female rodents typically are more resistant to punishment than males. Using an operant response task where C57BL/6J responded for ethanol mixed with quinine, we previously demonstrated that female mice tolerate higher concentrations of quinine in ethanol than males. Here, we aimed to determine whether this female vulnerability to aversion‐resistant drinking behavior is similarly observed with footshock punishment.MethodsMale and female C57BL/6J mice were trained to respond for 10% ethanol in an operant task on a fixed‐ratio three schedule. After consistent responding, mice were tested in a punishment session using either a 0.25 mA or 0.35 milliamp (mA) footshock. To assess footshock sensitivity, a subset of mice underwent a flinch, jump, and vocalize test in which behavioral responses to increasing amplitudes of footshock (0.05 to 0.95 mA) were assessed. In a separate cohort of mice, males and females were trained to respond for 2.5% sucrose and responses were punished using a 0.25 mA footshock.ResultsMales and females continued to respond for 10% ethanol when paired with a 0.25 mA footshock. Females alone continued to respond for ethanol when a 0.35 mA footshock was delivered. Both males and females reduced responding for 2.5% sucrose when punished with a 0.25 mA footshock. Footshock sensitivity in the flinch, jump, and vocalize test did not differ by sex.ConclusionsFemales continue to respond for 10% ethanol despite a 0.35 mA footshock, and this behavior is not due to differences in footshock sensitivity between males and females. These results show that female C57BL/6J mice are generally more resistant to punishment in an operant self‐administration paradigm. The findings add to the literature characterizing aversion‐resistant alcohol‐drinking behaviors in females.
Clinical features of gestational choriocarcinoma: A retrospective bicentric study
Authors: Yuksel Dilek , Aytekın Okan , Oktar Okan , Ayhan Sevgi , Ozkaya Ucar Yesim , Cakır Caner , Boran Nurettin , Korkmaz Vakkas , Koc Sevgi , Türkmen Osman , Kimyon Cömert Günsu , Moraloğlu Tekin Ozlem , Engin Ustün Yaprak , Turan Taner 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the clinicopathological features, prognostic factors, treatment, clinical response, and outcome of gestational choriocarcinoma (GCC).Materials and methodsA retrospective review was made of the clinicopathological and survival data of 13 patients who were diagnosed and treated for GCC in two referral centers in Turkey between 1992 and 2020.ResultsThe median age of patients was 36 years (range, 27–54 years), and seven were ≤39 years. The antecedent pregnancy was a term in nine (69.2%) cases, and the risk score was ≥7 in 11 (84.6%). According to the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics 2009 staging, eight cases were in stage I, two in stage III, and three in stage IV. With the exception of one patient, all the others received combination chemotherapy (CT), and two of those were also treated with radiotherapy. Chemoresistance developed in 50% (6/12), and second‐line CT was given to four of these. The overall complete response rate was 69.2%. Four patients died of chemoresistance and disease progression, all of them were with antecedent‐term pregnancy, had high scores ≥7, and had metastases.ConclusionGCC is a unique subtype of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia, which differs from others in terms of poor prognosis, a frequent tendency to early metastasis, and resistance to treatment. To be able to achieve the most efficient therapy and prognosis, histopathology‐based risk models should be developed.
New electrocardiographic aspects of the P wave: Its value in clinical cardiology
Authors: Bayés‐de‐Luna Antoni , Bacharova Ljuba 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this article, we will comment on new aspects of P‐wave morphology that help us to better diagnose atrial blocks and atrial enlargement, and their clinical implications. These include: (1) Atypical ECG patterns of advanced interatrial block; (2) The ECG diagnosis of left atrial enlargement versus interatrial block; (3) Atrial fibrillation and advanced interatrial block: The two sides of the same coin; and (4) P‐wave parameters: Clinical implications.
From organizations as systems of ocean destruction to organizations as systems of ocean thriving
Authors: Berkowitz Heloise 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDespite growing awareness around human impacts on marine ecosystems, little action is taken to reduce the negative effects of organizations on the ocean, thus increasing risks of global collapse. In this paper, I argue that organizations act as systems of ocean destruction, and I explore how to operate a shift to organizations as systems of ocean conservation and thriving, enabling human–ocean socio‐ecological coviability. To do so, I analyze the organizational affordances of the ocean: incommensurability, open access and complex property regimes, structural domination by humans and land, perceived inexhaustibility, and cognitive distance. Then, based on the transdisciplinary analysis of mechanisms of ocean destruction, I discuss the constitution of ocean negative commons and the ruining of the ocean. Lastly, based on four drivers (technology and innovation, consumption, marginalization and social orders), I suggest alternative organizing principles that might allow to manage these commons and to transform organizations to achieve socio‐ecological coviability with the ocean: degrowth, total responsibility, full cost allocation, ocean equity, and adaptive, place‐based co‐management.
Open‐label, drug–drug interaction study between the HIV‐1 maturation inhibitor GSK3640254 and a metabolic probe cocktail in healthy participants
Authors: Zhang Ying , Johnson Mark , Joshi Samit , Yazdani Parto , Zhan Joyce , Wen Bo , Bainbridge Veronica , Gartland Martin , Lataillade Max 
Published: February 2023

AimsGSK3640254 (GSK'254) is an HIV‐1 maturation inhibitor with pharmacokinetics (PK) supporting once‐daily dosing. GSK'254 will be co‐administered with cytochrome P450 enzyme substrates and drug transporters, including other antiretrovirals, in people living with HIV‐1 (PLWH).MethodsIn this open‐label study, healthy participants received a single dose of a cocktail of eight cytochrome P450 and transporter probe substrates on Day 1, followed by a 10‐day washout before receiving GSK'254 200 mg once daily from Days 11 to 20 and a single dose of cocktail + GSK'254 200 mg on Day 21. Geometric least‐squares mean ratios and 90% confidence intervals were obtained using linear mixed‐effects models. Adverse events (AEs) were monitored.ResultsOf 20 participants enrolled, 19 completed the study. Plasma concentrations of all cocktail substrates were generally similar with or without GSK'254 co‐administration. All 90% confidence intervals around geometric least‐squares mean ratios for cocktail substrate PK parameters indicated no to weak interactions. Steady‐state plasma GSK'254 concentrations were achieved by Day 17 and maintained through Day 21. Nine participants (45%) reported 17 AEs; most (88%) were grade 1. Two grade 2 treatment‐related AEs (maculopapular rash [leading to withdrawal] and papular rash) were reported during GSK'254 administration alone.ConclusionsCo‐administration of GSK'254 with a metabolic probe cocktail in healthy participants indicated very low risk of clinically relevant effect on PK of any substrates or associated metabolites. No new safety/tolerability concerns were identified. These results support ongoing phase IIb and planned phase III studies of GSK'254 in people living with HIV‐1.
Dostarlimab, an anti‐programmed death‐1 monoclonal antibody, does not cause QT prolongation in patients with solid tumours: A concentration‐QT analysis
Authors: Kuchimanchi Mita , Dabrowski Christine , Lu Sharon , Melhem Murad 
Published: February 2023

AimsPatients with solid tumours were treated with the anti‐PD‐1 antibody dostarlimab in the Phase I GARNET trial. This study aimed to examine dostarlimab's effect on corrected QT (QTc) interval and the systemic concentration–QTc interval relationship.MethodsIn GARNET Part 2B, patients received 500 mg dostarlimab every 3 weeks (Q3W) for four cycles, then 1000 mg Q6W. Triplicate 12‐lead ECGs were recorded and time‐matched pharmacokinetic (PK) samples collected at screening, on Day 1 of Cycles 1, 4, 5, 8, 12 (pre‐dose and 0.5 h after infusion end), and at treatment end. Concentration–change from baseline QTcF (ΔQTcF) analysis using a linear mixed effects model, summary statistics, incidence of clinically noteworthy ECG values and rhythm abnormalities were evaluated.ResultsA total of 377 patients were considered for evaluation (n = 15 excluded from concentration–ΔQTcF). There was a non‐significant concentration–ΔQTcF relationship (0.001589 ms/μg/mL; P = .5906). Mean ΔQTcF increase was <6 ms (upper‐bound two‐sided 90% confidence interval [CI], <10 ms at all post‐dose timepoints). Highest geometric mean concentration was 414.1 μg/mL (Cycle 5 Day 1, 0.5 h) with predicted mean ∆QTcF of 3.064 ms (upper‐bound two‐sided 90% CI: 5.071). Mean QTcF prolongation (all concentrations) was 2.4 ms. QTcF prolongation ≥500 ms occurred in five patients (1.3%); 51 (13.6%) and nine patients (2.4%) had ΔQTcF ≥30 ms and ≥60 ms, respectively. Ten patients (2.7%) reported rhythm abnormalities. No U‐wave abnormalities, torsades de pointes, ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation/flutter were observed.ConclusionsDostarlimab does not cause clinically significant QTcF prolongation exceeding the regulatory concern threshold.
Development and testing of a decision aid to achieve shared decision‐making for routine labor induction
Authors: Peralta Ann , Drainoni Mari‐Lynn , Declercq Eugene R. , Belanoff Candice M. , Radoff Kari , Bearse Emily , Iverson Ronald E. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundThis quality improvement project aimed to create a decision aid for labor induction in healthy pregnancies at or beyond 39 weeks that met the needs of pregnant people least likely to experience shared decision‐making and to identify and test implementation strategies to support its use in prenatal care.MethodsWe used quality improvement and qualitative methods to develop, test, and refine a patient decision aid. The decision aid was tested in three languages by providers across obstetrics, family medicine, and midwifery practices at a tertiary care hospital and two community health centers. Outcomes included patients' understanding of their choices, pros and cons of choices, and the decision being theirs or a shared one with their provider.ResultsPatient interview data indicated that shared decision‐making on labor induction was achieved. Across three Plan‐Do‐Study‐Act cycles, we interviewed a diverse group of 24 pregnant people: 20 were people of color, 16 were publicly insured, and 15 were born outside the United States. All but one (23/24) reported feeling the decision was theirs or a shared one with their provider. The majority could name induction choices they had along with pros and cons. Interviewees described the decision‐making experience as empowering and positive. Nine medical providers tested the decision aid and gave feedback. Providers stated the tool helped improve the quality of their counseling and reduce bias.ConclusionThis project suggests that using an evidence‐based and well‐tested decision aid can help achieve shared decision‐making on labor induction for a diverse group of pregnant people.
Implant connection and abutment selection as a predisposing and/or precipitating factor for peri‐implant diseases: A review
Authors: Laleman Isabelle , Lambert France 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPeri‐implant mucosal integration is becoming a critical aspect for long term implant health and can be triggered the selection of implant components. The aim of this review is therefore to investigate the evidence concerning implant connection and abutment characteristics (abutment materials, design, handling) as predisposing or precipitating factor for peri‐implant mucositis and peri‐implantitis. Although the evidence that these features can directly predispose/precipitate peri‐implant diseases is limited, there are ‐few‐ studies showing a potential role of the implant connection, trans‐mucosal configuration, and handling in the development of early bone loss and/or peri‐implantitis. With bone level implants, conical internal connections (with inherent platform switching) might be preferred over internal flat‐flat and external connections to decrease the risk of early bone loss and potentially the risk of peri‐implant disease. Moreover, there is a trend suggesting moving the prosthetic interface coronally (to the juxta‐mucosal level) as soon as possible to reduce the number of disconnections and to limit the risk of cements remnants. This can be achieved by choosing a tissue‐level implant or to place a trans‐mucosal abutment (one abutment‐one time approach) to optimize the peri‐implant soft tissue seal. In absence of evidence for the biocompatibility regarding several restorative materials, biocompatible materials such as titanium or zirconia should be preferred in the trans‐mucosal portion. Finally, higher implants (≥2mm) with an emergence angle below 30° seem more favourable. It should however be noted that some of this information is solely based on indirect information (such as early bone loss) and more research is needed before making firm recommendations about abutment choice. [Correction added on 13 March 2023, after first online publication: ‘longer implants (≥2mm)’ was changed to ‘higher implants (≥2mm)’ in this version.]
Clinical differences in sirolimus treatment with low target levels between children and adults with vascular malformations – A nationwide trial
Authors: Harbers Veroniek E. M. , Zwerink Lilly G. J. M. , Rongen Gerard A. , Klein Willemijn M. , van der Vleuten Carine J. M. , van Rijnsoever Ingrid M. P. , Gerdsen‐Drury Lynda , Flucke Uta E. , Verhoeven Bas H. , de Laat Peter C. J. , van der Horst Chantal M. A. M. , Schultze Kool Leo J. , te Loo D. Maroeska W. M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe clinical presentation of patients with slow‐flow vascular malformations is very heterogeneous. High clinical burden and subsequent reduced health‐related quality of life is something they have in common. There is an unmet medical need for these patients for whom regular treatments like surgery and embolization are either insufficient or technically impossible. Sirolimus has been reported to be effective and overall well‐tolerated in most patients. However, the main limitation of sirolimus is the reported high toxicity, especially when target levels of 10–15 ng/mL are being used. We report the results of a phase IIB single‐arm open‐label clinical trial consisting of 68 (67 in the challenge phase and 68 in the rechallenge phase) evaluable patients (children n = 33 and adults n = 35) demonstrating that treatment with low sirolimus target levels (4–10 ng/mL) is effective in 79.1% of the patients. When sirolimus treatment was stopped, the majority of patients experienced a recurrence of symptoms, supporting prolonged or even lifelong treatment requirement. Adults experienced a higher baseline pain score compared with children, having an estimated marginal mean of 6.2 versus 4.1, p < 0.05; however, they showed a similar decrease to children. Furthermore, the pediatric population experienced less often a sirolimus‐related grade I–IV adverse event (35.9% vs. 64.1%, p > 0.05) compared with adults. Additionally, response rates were higher in children compared with adults (93.8% vs. 65.7%, p < 0.05), and children responded faster (28 vs. 91 days, p < 0.05). These results suggest benefits of sirolimus in patients with slow‐flow vascular malformations and support its initiation as young as possible.