bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electroantennogram and behavioural responses of Plutella xylostella to volatiles from the non‐host plant Mentha spicata
Authors: Yan Xi‐Zhong , Wang Zhi‐Yu , Ma Li , Song Cheng‐Fei , Zhao Jin‐Yu , Wang Chen‐Zhu , Hao Chi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPlutella xylostella Linnaeus (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) is one of the most important pests of cruciferous vegetables. Mechanically damaged Mentha spicata Linnaeus (Lamiales: Lamiaceae) strongly repels P. xylostella adults; however, the repellent mechanism remains unclear. In this study, the repellent mechanism was explored based on the electroantennogram (EAG) and behavioural responses of P. xylostella to volatiles from the damaged M. spicata. First, the active volatile compounds in the headspace volatiles of damaged M. spicata were identified by gas chromatography‐electroantennographic detection (GC‐EAD) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Furthermore, the EAG and behavioural responses of P. xylostella to these compounds were investigated. The GC‐EAD results indicated that four compounds, 2,4‐dimethylheptane, 4‐methyloctane, 2‐methylnonane, and myrcene induced EAG responses in female antennae. 2‐methylnonane and myrcene elicited strong dose‐dependent EAG responses starting at a dose of 1 μg/μL. Choice tests in a four‐arm olfactometer showed significant repellent effects of the four compounds on P. xylostella adults at 100 μg/μL, and the repellent indices of 2,4‐dimethylheptane, 4‐methyloctane, 2‐methylnonane, and myrcene were 70.0%, 76.7%, 66.7%, and 73.3% to mated females, respectively. Finally, oviposition repellence assays showed that female adults were significantly repelled by these compounds, and the oviposition repellent index for myrcene was 23.9%. 2,4‐dimethylheptane, 4‐methyloctane, 2‐methylnonane, and myrcene mediate the repellence of wounded M. spicata to P. xylostella adults, suggesting that the four compounds contribute towards developing behavioural regulators of this important pest.
Alcohol and its associated liver carcinogenesis
Authors: Jacob Rachael , Prince David S. , Kench Charlotte , Liu Ken 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAlcohol consumption is a major cause of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The prevalence of alcohol‐associated hepatocellular carcinoma (aHCC) varies worldwide but is highest in Eastern Europe. Alcohol is the second fastest‐growing cause of age‐standardized liver cancer mortality with tumors more often diagnosed outside surveillance protocols and at a more advanced stage. Risk factors for aHCC include greater amounts of alcohol consumption, sex, and certain genetic polymorphisms. Smoking, concomitant liver disease, obesity, and diabetes act synergistically in increasing the risk of HCC in alcohol‐associated liver disease. Alcohol‐related hepatocarcinogenesis results from the complex interactions of several mechanistic pathways. Although not completely understood, underlying mechanisms include acetaldehyde‐related hepatotoxicity, oxidative stress, activation of the innate immune system, and alterations of the host microbiome.
Development and applicability of a risk assessment tool for hospital‐acquired mobility impairment in ambulatory older adults
Authors: Shah Sachin J. , Hoffman Ari , Pierce Logan , Covinsky Kenneth E. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundMobility loss is common in hospitalized older adults, and resources to prevent mobility impairment are finite. Our goal was to use routinely collected data to develop a risk assessment tool that identifies individuals at risk of losing the ability to walk during hospitalization on the first hospital day. Second, we determined if the tool could inform the use of mobility‐preserving interventions.MethodsWe included patients admitted to a general medical service, aged ≥65 years, who walked occasionally or frequently on admission (Braden Scale Activity subset > = 3). Patients were considered to have a new mobility impairment if, at discharge, their ability to walk was severely limited or nonexistent or they were confined to bed (Braden Scale Activity subset <3). We used predictors available on the first hospital day to develop (2017–18 cohort) and validate (2019 cohort) a risk assessment tool. We determined the association between predicted risk and therapy use in the validation cohort to highlight the model's clinical utility.Results5542 patients were included (median age 76 years, 48% women); 7.6% were discharged unable to walk. The model included 5 predictors: age, medication administrations, Glasgow Coma Scale verbal score, serum albumin, and urinary catheter presence. In the validation cohort, the model discriminated well (c‐statistic 0.75) and was strongly associated with hospital‐acquired mobility impairment (lowest decile 1%, highest decile 25%). In the validation cohort, therapy consultation ordering increased linearly with predicted risk; however, observed mobility impairment increased exponentially.ConclusionThe tool assesses the risk of mobility impairment in all ambulatory hospitalized older adults on the first hospital day. Further, it identifies at‐risk older adults who may benefit from mobility interventions.
The association between maternal iron, zinc, copper levels in serum and pregnancy outcomes
Authors: Wang Lingli , Yu Tianxiao , Liu Yumeng , Fan Xizhenzi , Song Wenhui , Zhao Chuan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimsTo investigate the associations of serum trace elements (iron, zinc, and copper) between women with different pregnancy outcomes.MethodsAbout 774 pregnant women who came to The Fourth Hospital of Shijiazhuang for prenatal examination were investigated. The concentrations of trace elements in the serum of pregnant women in the third trimester were collected. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between serum trace element levels and the different pregnancy outcomes. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the relationship between serum trace elements levels and hypersensitive‐C‐reactive‐protein.ResultsResults of the multiple logistic regression showed that zinc, copper and copper/zinc ratio were found to be associated with the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus, and zinc was a protective factor (p = 0.002) while copper and copper/zinc ratio as risk factors (p = 0.030 and p = 0.001, respectively) after adjusting for major confounders. It was found that iron and zinc were negatively associated with the risk of moderate or severe anemia (p = 0.022 and p = 0.001, respectively). In contrast, the copper/zinc ratio was positively related to the risk of moderate or severe anemia (p = 0.021). The adjusted relationships between copper and copper/zinc ratio with premature rupture of membranes were statistically significant (p = 0.007 and p = 0.037). Iron and zinc were negatively associated with the risk of chorioamnionitis, while copper and copper/zinc ratio were positively associated with the risk of chorioamnionitis (all p < 0.05).ConclusionsSerum iron, zinc and copper levels are closely related to pregnancy outcomes.
The experiences of autistic medical students: A phenomenological study
Authors: Shaw Sebastian C. K. , Doherty Mary , Anderson John L. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundIncreasing recognition of autism is reflected in the growing awareness of autistic health care providers. Regulatory bodies including the UK General Medical Council and the UK Medical Schools Council have published guidance fostering inclusion. Whilst many autistic doctors and students are thriving, many may not disclose their diagnosis unless difficulties arise, which perpetuates stereotypes. No studies have explored the experiences of autistic medical students. We aimed to do this.MethodsThis was an interpretive phenomenological study. Autistic medical students were recruited using Facebook announcements. Participants underwent audio‐recorded, loosely structured interviews. Recordings were transcribed verbatim and underwent an interpretive phenomenological analysis.ResultsFive participated from five different UK medical schools. Constructed themes included: Autistic profiles and stereotypes—‘I'm a lot better with patients than I am with my peers, with staff, which is hard for a lot of people to understand’; sensory processing and the learning environment—‘noises really hurt my ears … It actually hurts’; me, myself and masking—‘so, medicine's hard. But I'm also studying myself and I'm figuring myself out and that degree is harder’; the social world—‘I always feel like I'm watching my back’; and navigating the system—‘[they say] “but you're going to be a doctor one day, so you need to get used to it”’.ConclusionParticipants longed for understanding and support from their medical schools. They reported experiences of isolation, bullying and anxiety. Most felt themselves to be victims of the system, whereby they were expected to adapt themselves in order to appear non‐autistic. When participants reported not coping due to being autistic, most were advised to ‘take time out’. None were offered personalised adjustments to their learning environment. All reported strengths associated with being autistic. This supports the assertion that autistic people can be safe, effective and skilled doctors.
A practical guide to address reactions to vaccines in children
Authors: Arcolaci Alessandra , Scarmozzino Rocco , Zanoni Giovanna 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCurrently available vaccines are safe, but, potentially, any vaccine can cause an allergic reaction and, albeit very rare, anaphylaxis can occur. Although its rarity, the precise diagnostic management of a suspected anaphylaxis postvaccination is of paramount importance due to the risk of a potentially serious reaction after re‐exposure, while a misdiagnosis might lead to an increase in the number of children that interrupt vaccinations resulting in an unjustifiably individual and collective risk of loss of protection against immune preventable diseases. In the light that most cases of suspected allergy to a vaccine are not effectively confirmed in up to 85% of the cases referred for an allergy evaluation, patients can continue the vaccination schedule with the same formulation and tolerance of the booster doses. The patient assessment has to be done by an expert in the vaccine field, usually an allergist or an immunologist depending on the country, to select subjects at risk of allergic reactions and to perform the correct procedures for vaccine hypersensitivity diagnosis and management, in order to guarantee safe immunization practices. The aim of this review is to provide a practical guidance for the safe management of allergic children undergoing immunization procedures. The guide is referred both to the evaluation of children who have previously experienced a suspected allergic reaction to a specific vaccine and their management in case of further booster doses, and to children allergic to a component of the vaccine to be administered.
Boron stimulates fruit formation and reprograms developmental metabolism in sweet cherry
Authors: Michailidis Michail , Bazakos Christos , Kollaros Marios , Adamakis Ioannis‐Dimosthenis S. , Ganopoulos Ioannis , Molassiotis Athanassios , Tanou Georgia 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBoron modulates a wide range of plant developmental processes; however, the regulation of early fruit development by boron remains poorly defined. We report here the physiological, anatomical, metabolic, and transcriptomic impact of pre‐flowering boron supply on the sweet cherry fruit set and development (S1–S5 stages). Our findings revealed that endogenous boron content increased in early growth stages (S1 and S2 stages) following preflowering boron exogenous application. Boron treatment resulted in increased fruit set (S1 and S2 stages) and mesocarp cell enlargement (S2 stage). Various sugars (e.g., fructose and glucose), alcohols (e.g., myo‐inositol and maltitol), organic acids (e.g., malic acid and citric acid), amino acids (e.g., valine and serine) accumulated in response to boron application during the various developmental stages (S1–S5 stages). Transcriptomic analysis at early growth (S1 and S2 stages) identified boron‐responsive genes that are mainly related to secondary metabolism, amino acid metabolism, calcium‐binding, ribosome biogenesis, sugar homeostasis and especially to photosynthesis. We found various boron‐induced/repressed genes, including those specifically involved in growth. Several heat shock proteins displayed distinct patterns during the initial growth in boron‐exposed fruit. Gene analysis also discovered several putative candidate genes like PavPIP5K9, PavWAT1, PavMIOX, PavCAD1, PavPAL1 and PavSNRK2.7, which could facilitate the investigation of the molecular rationale underlying boron function in early fruit growth. Substantial changes in the expression of numerous transcription factors, including PavbHLH25, PavATHB.12L, and PavZAT10.1,.2 were noticed in fruits exposed to boron. The current study provides a baseline of information for understanding the metabolic processes regulated by boron during sweet cherry fruit early growth and fruit development in general.
Language and persuasion: A discursive psychological approach
Authors: Humă Bogdana 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAcross the social sciences, there is a wealth of research on the role of language in persuasion in interpersonal communication. Most of these studies have been conducted in laboratories using experimental methods, have taken a social cognitive perspective, and have focused on the effects of particular linguistic practices on how persuasive messages are understood, processed, and ultimately complied with. By contrast, less attention has been paid to how language can be used to create sequential, interactional, and social obligations, in everyday interactions, like sales encounters or business negotiations, where persuasion occurs naturally and is built into the fabric of the conversation. In reviewing the former approach to studying language and persuasion, in this paper, I highlight several critical shortcomings. Then, I argue that, when studying naturally occurring persuasion‐in‐interaction, a discursive psychological approach is better suited for investigating and theorising the interactional structures underpinning persuasion and the role of language therein.
Retracted: Begoña Espejo and Irene Checa (2023) “Do gender and educational level predict vaccination? The mediating role of attitudes towards vaccines and fear of COVID‐19” Soc. Personal. Psychol. Compass (https://doi.org/10.1111/spc3.12801).
Authors: Espejo Begoña , Checa Irene 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe above article, published online on June 2, 2023 in Wiley Online Library (https://wileyonlinelibrary.com), has been retracted by agreement between the journal Editor‐in‐Chief Brendan Gough, and Wiley & Sons Ltd. The retraction has been agreed upon due to an editorial error in which the unrevised version of the article was published.The correct peer reviewed and revised manuscript is available via DOI: 10.1111/spc3.12879
Gastrointestinal congenital anomalies requiring surgery: diagnosis, counselling, and management
Authors: Mires Stuart , Raychoudhury Arun , Overton Timothy , Skerritt Clare , Eastwood Kelly‐Ann 
Published: June 2023

Key content
Congenital anomalies affect more than 2% of fetuses in the UK, with 70% noncardiac in origin. Around 10% are gastrointestinal anomalies such as abdominal wall defects and intestinal atresias.
Most gastrointestinal anomalies require postnatal surgical management.
Obstetricians must understand the key features of diagnosis and management of common gastrointestinal anomalies.
Clinically relevant and evidence‐based information helps facilitate parental reproductive autonomy through timely and informed counselling, planning for delivery and optimising perinatal outcomes.
Management of pregnancies complicated by congenital gastrointestinal anomalies requires a multidisciplinary approach with specialist input.
Learning objectives
To be familiar with the antenatal diagnosis of gastrointestinal anomalies, associated conditions and potential obstetric complications
To understand the antenatal and postnatal management of gastrointestinal anomalies including the approach to surgery
To appreciate the role of multidisciplinary counselling in fetal medicine
Ethical issues
Antenatal counselling in the context of diagnostic and outcome uncertainties
Consideration of termination of pregnancy for fetal anomaly, including grounds for, and timing of, decision‐making
Artificial Intelligence Aided Design of Hull Form of Unmanned Underwater Vehicles for Minimization of Energy Consumption
Authors: Ao Yu , Xu Jian , Zhang Dapeng , Li Shaofan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Designing an excellent hull to reduce the sailing path energy consumption of UUVs is crucial for improving the energy endurance of UUVs. However, path energy consumption-based UUV hull design requires a tremendous amount of calculation due to the frequent changes in relative velocity and attack angle between a UUV and ocean current. In order to address this issue, this work developed a data-driven design methodology for energy consumption-based UUV hull design using artificial intelligence-aided design (AIAD). The design methodology in this work combined a deep learning (DL) algorithm that predicts UUVs’ resistance with different hull shapes under different velocities and attack angles with the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm for UUV hull design. We tested the proposed methodology in a path energy consumption-based experiment, where the optimized UUV hull showed an 8.8% reduction in path energy consumption compared with the initial UUV hull, and design costs were greatly reduced compared with the traditional computational fluid dynamics (CFD)-based methodology. Our work demonstrates that AIAD has the potential to solve UUV design problems previously thought to be too complex by offering a data-driven engineering shape (body surface) design method.
Net-HDMR Metamodeling Method for High-Dimensional Problems
Authors: Liu Jie , Zhao Yue , Lei Fei , Ding Fei 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Metamodel technology provides an efficient method to approximate complex engineering design problems. However, the approximation for high-dimensional problems usually requires a large number of samples for most traditional metamodeling methods, which leads to the difficulty of “curse of dimensionality.” To address the aforementioned issue, this paper presents the Net-high dimension model representation (HDMR) method based on the Cut-HDMR framework. Compared with traditional HDMR modeling, the Net-HDMR method incorporates two novel modeling approaches that improve the modeling efficiency of high-dimensional problems. The first approach enhances the modeling accuracy of HDMR by using the net function interpolation method to decompose the component functions into a series of one-dimensional net functions. The second approach adopts the CV-Voronoi sequence sampling method to effectively represent one-dimensional net functions with limited samples. Overall, the proposed method transforms complex high-dimensional problems into fitting finite one-dimensional splines, thereby increasing the modeling efficiency while ensuring approximate accuracy. Six numerical benchmark examples with different dimensions are examined to demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed Net-HDMR. An engineering problem of thermal stress and deformation analysis for a jet engine turbine blade was introduced to verify the engineering feasibility of the proposed Net-HDMR.
Influences of Laser Incidence Angle and Wall Thickness on Additive Components
Authors: Wildgoose Alexander J. , Thole Karen A. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Additive manufacturing (AM), particularly laser powder bed fusion, is growing the ability to rapidly develop advanced cooling schemes for turbomachinery applications. However, to fully utilize the design and development opportunities offered through AM, impacts of the build considerations and processing parameters are needed. Prior literature has shown that specific build considerations such as laser incidence angle and wall thickness influence the surface roughness of additively made components. The objective of this technical brief is to highlight the effects of both laser incidence angle and wall thickness on the surface roughness and cooling performance in micro-sized cooling passages. Results indicate that for any given laser incidence angle, surface roughness begins to increase when the wall thickness is less than 1 mm for the cooling channels evaluated. As the laser incidence angle becomes further away from 90 deg, the surface roughness increases in a parabolic form. Laser incidence angle and wall thickness significantly impact friction factor, while there is less of an influence on the Nusselt number for additively manufactured microchannels.
A Deep Learning-Based Surrogate Model for Complex Temperature Field Calculation With Various Thermal Parameters
Authors: Zhu Feiding , Chen Jincheng , Ren Dengfeng , Han Yuge 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSurrogate models of temperature field calculation based on deep learning have gained popularity in recent years because it does not need to establish complex mathematical models. However, the existing models cannot generate the temperature field for different boundary conditions or thermal parameters. In addition, it is also challenging to generate the details of the complex temperature field. In this paper, we propose the Parameters-to-Temperature Generative Adversarial Network (PTGAN) to generate temperature field images with high-quality details for different thermal parameters. The PTGAN model mainly includes the temperature field generation module and the thermal parameter encoding module. Additionally, we use a joint loss function to improve the quality of the generated temperature field image. The temperature field of the armored vehicle is calculated by the computational fluid dynamics method to obtain data set to verify the proposed PTGAN. The results show that the temperature images generated by the PTGAN has high accuracy, and the average relative error is only 0.205%. The attempt to integrate thermal parameters into the temperature field image generation is successful. The temperature field database can be generated quickly and accurately, which is of great significance for the further integration of deep learning and heat transfer.
Mixed Lubrication Analysis of Scrolls Lubricated With CO2/Oil Mixture Based on a Homogeneous Model
Authors: Wei Chunjie , Song Hui , Hu Zhaowen , Wang Wei 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The tribological performance of scrolls lubricated with CO2/oil mixture is investigated using a combination of the mixed lubrication model and the homogeneous model. The physical characteristics of the CO2/oil mixture were established prior to using the lubrication model. Then the evolution of the lubrication condition during the meshing process of scrolls was investigated, and the impact of radial clearance and refrigerant on the tribological behavior was assessed. The lubrication condition of the tribo-pair deteriorates as the meshing point moves toward the center of the scrolls. The effects of radial clearance and refrigerant mass fraction on friction and lubrication are strongly influenced by the meshing position. In addition, the presence of refrigerant leads to less hydrodynamic pressure and more asperity contact.