bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Brain areas activated during visual learning in the cichlid fish Pseudotropheus zebra
Authors: Calvo R. , Hofmann M. H. , Schluessel V. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe neural correlates of most cognitive functions in fish are unknown. This project aimed to identify brain regions involved in visual learning in the cichlid fish Pseudotropheus zebra. The expression of the protein pS6 was measured in 19 brain areas and compared between groups of individuals subjected to four different behavioral contexts (control, avoidance, trained, and novelty groups). Control group individuals were sacrificed with minimal interactions. Fish in the avoidance group were chased with a net for an hour, after which they were sacrificed. Individuals in the trained group received daily training sessions to associate a visual object with a food reward. They were sacrificed the day they reached learning criterion. Fish in the novelty group were habituated to one set of visual stimuli, then faced a change in stimulus type (novelty stimulus) before they were sacrificed. Fish in the three treatment groups showed the largest activation of pS6 in the inferior lobes and the tectum opticum compared to the control group. The avoidance group showed additional activation in the preoptic area, several telencephalic regions, the torus semicircularis, and the reticular formation. The trained group that received a food reward, showed additional activation of the torus lateralis, a tertiary gustatory center. The only area that showed strong activation in all three treatment groups was the nucleus diffusus situated within the inferior lobe. The inferior lobe receives prominent visual input from the tectum via the nucleus glomerulosus but so far, nothing is known about the functional details of this pathway. Our study showed for the first time that the inferior lobes play an important role in visual learning and object recognition.
An overview and a roadmap for artificial intelligence in hematology and oncology
Authors: Rösler Wiebke , Altenbuchinger Michael , Baeßler Bettina , Beissbarth Tim , Beutel Gernot , Bock Robert , von Bubnoff Nikolas , Eckardt Jan-Niklas , Foersch Sebastian , Loeffler Chiara M. L. , Middeke Jan Moritz , Mueller Martha-Lena , Oellerich Thomas , Risse Benjamin , Scherag André , Schliemann Christoph , Scholz Markus , Spang Rainer , Thielscher Christian , Tsoukakis Ioannis , Kather Jakob Nikolas 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Artificial intelligence (AI) is influencing our society on many levels and has broad implications for the future practice of hematology and oncology. However, for many medical professionals and researchers, it often remains unclear what AI can and cannot do, and what are promising areas for a sensible application of AI in hematology and oncology. Finally, the limits and perils of using AI in oncology are not obvious to many healthcare professionals.

Methods
In this article, we provide an expert-based consensus statement by the joint Working Group on “Artificial Intelligence in Hematology and Oncology” by the German Society of Hematology and Oncology (DGHO), the German Association for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology (GMDS), and the Special Interest Group Digital Health of the German Informatics Society (GI). We provide a conceptual framework for AI in hematology and oncology.

Results
First, we propose a technological definition, which we deliberately set in a narrow frame to mainly include the technical developments of the last ten years. Second, we present a taxonomy of clinically relevant AI systems, structured according to the type of clinical data they are used to analyze. Third, we show an overview of potential applications, including clinical, research, and educational environments with a focus on hematology and oncology.

Conclusion
Thus, this article provides a point of reference for hematologists and oncologists, and at the same time sets forth a framework for the further development and clinical deployment of AI in hematology and oncology in the future.
POM@PMO plastic electrode for phosphate electrochemical detection: a further improvement of the detection limit
Authors: Ben-Aissa Sondes , De Marco Rossella , Susmel Sabina 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe development of a highly sensitive electrochemical sensor (E-sensor) is described based on stand-alone plastic electrodes (PE) for phosphate detection, being an essential nutrient in the marine environment. The detection mechanism is based on the chemical affinity between polyoxomolybdate anions (POM) and orthophosphate to form an electroactive phosphomolybdate complex. The custom-made E-sensor was formulated with an organic octamolybdate derivative (TBA4Mo8O26) incorporated with periodic mesoporous organosilica (PMO) to obtain a significant improvement in the analytical performances of phosphate determination. This POM@PMO combination was found to be advantageous in the determination of low concentrations of phosphate in standard solutions ranging from 1 to 500 nM, using square wave voltammetry as the detection technique. This sensitivity enhancement can be attributed to the effect of hydrophobic PMO in loading more POM moieties, owing to its highly porous structure and charged shell. Consequently, the POM@PMO-PE sensor achieved a competitive sensitivity of 4.43 ± 0.14 μA.nM−1.cm−2 and a limit of detection of 0.16 nM with good selectivity against silicates. Finally, seawater and treated wastewater samples have been tested to validate the sensor response in comparison to the official method of phosphate determination.
Graphical abstract
Mediators of outcome in adolescent psychotherapy and their implications for theories and mechanisms of change: a systematic review
Authors: Taubner Svenja , Ioannou Yianna , Saliba Andrea , Sales Célia M. D. , Volkert Jana , Protić Sonja , Adler Asta , Barkauskiene Rasa , Conejo-Cerón Sonia , Di Giacomo Dina , Mestre Jose M. , Moreno-Peral Patricia , Vieira Filipa Mucha , Mota Catarina Pinheiro , Henriques Margarida Isabel Rangel Santos , Røssberg Jan Ivar , Perdih Tjasa Stepisnik , Schmidt Stefanie Julia , Zettl Max , Ulberg Randi , Heinonen Erkki 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPsychotherapeutic treatment of adolescents requires age-specific approaches and thus plausibly also involves different change mechanisms than adult psychotherapy. To guide further research and improve therapeutic outcomes for adolescents, we reviewed all RCTs investigating mechanisms of change in the psychological treatment of adolescents to identify the most promising age-, disorder- or treatment-specific mediators. Following the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews (PRISMA), 106 studies were included that reported 252 statistical mediation tests assessed with 181 different measures. Most often studied and significant mediators were cognitive, followed by family-related, and behavioral variables. Several mediators were identified to be promising for future investigations: changes in negative thoughts, dysfunctional beliefs and metacognitive skills; family functioning and parenting skills; as well as successful engagement in therapy activities and increased impulse control. Symptom change during therapy was least often a mediator for other therapeutic changes. Relational and emotional mediators were largely understudied, whereas peer-influence appeared a promising mediator for intervention outcomes. Adolescence-specific mediators were most commonly investigated. Majority of studied mediators were not disorder-specific. There was a tendency to mainly test change mechanisms of specific theoretical models without considering other possible change theories. Further, virtually no studies fulfilled all criteria for rigorously investigating mediation and only nine were classified with an overall good study quality. While bearing in mind the current limitations in study designs, methodological rigor and reporting, there appears to be substantial evidence for transdiagnostic age-specific change models in the psychological treatment of adolescents. For future research, need for consensus on a core set of transdiagnostic and transtheoretical mediators and measures is highlighted. These should address likely core mechanisms of change, as well as take into account age-relevant developmental challenges and biological markers.
Multiple craniotomies in a single surgery — the resection of scattered brain metastases
Authors: Bschorer Maximilian , Ricklefs Franz L. , Sauvigny Thomas , Westphal Manfred , Dührsen Lasse 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPatients with brain metastases (BM), who can benefit from resection of multiple scattered lesions, often will not be offered a procedure involving multiple craniotomies in one session due to the overall poor prognosis. However, carefully selected candidates may well benefit from the resection of multiple lesions using multiple craniotomies through a significantly shortened hospital stay, aggressive decompression, and rapid eligibility for adjuvant therapies. In this retrospective analysis, the records of patients, who were treated for multiple BM using one surgical session involving multiple craniotomies, were reviewed. A group of patients with multiple BM, whose surgery only involved one craniotomy, were assigned to a control group. Clinical and surgical characteristics, preoperative and postoperative Karnofsky Performance Scale (KPS), complication rate, preoperative tumor size, number of lesions, number of craniotomies, skin incisions, and intraoperative repositioning of patients were recorded. Thirty-three patients were included in the multiple-craniotomy group. Thirty patients underwent two craniotomies, while three cases involved three craniotomies. Seven patients (21%) were intraoperatively repositioned from a prone to a supine position, which required an average of 23.3 ± 9.3 min from wound closure to the following skin incision. Thirty-six patients with multiple BM and matching characteristics, who received only one craniotomy for the dominant lesion, served as the control group. No difference was detected in postoperative KPS (p = 0.269), complication rate (p = 0.612), rate of new postoperative neurological deficits (p = 0.278), length of intensive care unit (ICU) (p = 0.991), and hospital stay (p = 0.913). There was a significant difference in average preoperative tumor size (p = 0.002), duration of surgery (p < 0.001), and extent of resection (p = 0.002). In the age of personalized medicine, selected patient may benefit from a single surgery for BM using multiple craniotomies. This study shows no significant increase of the perioperative complication rate for surgeries with multiple craniotomies.
Bayesian learning for neural networks: an algorithmic survey
Authors: Magris Martin , Iosifidis Alexandros 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe last decade witnessed a growing interest in Bayesian learning. Yet, the technicality of the topic and the multitude of ingredients involved therein, besides the complexity of turning theory into practical implementations, limit the use of the Bayesian learning paradigm, preventing its widespread adoption across different fields and applications. This self-contained survey engages and introduces readers to the principles and algorithms of Bayesian Learning for Neural Networks. It provides an introduction to the topic from an accessible, practical-algorithmic perspective. Upon providing a general introduction to Bayesian Neural Networks, we discuss and present both standard and recent approaches for Bayesian inference, with an emphasis on solutions relying on Variational Inference and the use of Natural gradients. We also discuss the use of manifold optimization as a state-of-the-art approach to Bayesian learning. We examine the characteristic properties of all the discussed methods, and provide pseudo-codes for their implementation, paying attention to practical aspects, such as the computation of the gradients.
Autolysis Affects the Iron Cargo of Ferritins in Neurons and Glial Cells at Different Rates in the Human Brain
Authors: Sunkara Sowmya , Radulović Snježana , Lipovšek Saška , Birkl Christoph , Eggenreich Stefan , Birkl-Toeglhofer Anna Maria , Schinagl Maximilian , Funk Daniel , Stöger-Pollach Michael , Haybaeck Johannes , Goessler Walter , Ropele Stefan , Leitinger Gerd 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIron is known to accumulate in neurological disorders, so a careful balance of the iron concentration is essential for healthy brain functioning. An imbalance in iron homeostasis could arise due to the dysfunction of proteins involved in iron homeostasis. Here, we focus on ferritin—the primary iron storage protein of the brain. In this study, we aimed to improve a method to measure ferritin-bound iron in the human post-mortem brain, and to discern its distribution in particular cell types and brain regions. Though it is known that glial cells and neurons differ in their ferritin concentration, the change in the number and distribution of iron-filled ferritin cores between different cell types during autolysis has not been revealed yet. Here, we show the cellular and region-wide distribution of ferritin in the human brain using state-of-the-art analytical electron microscopy. We validated the concentration of iron-filled ferritin cores to the absolute iron concentration measured by quantitative MRI and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. We show that ferritins lose iron from their cores with the progression of autolysis whereas the overall iron concentrations were unaffected. Although the highest concentration of ferritin was found in glial cells, as the total ferritin concentration increased in a patient, ferritin accumulated more in neurons than in glial cells. Summed up, our findings point out the unique behaviour of neurons in storing iron during autolysis and explain the differences between the absolute iron concentrations and iron-filled ferritin in a cell-type-dependent manner in the human brain.
Graphical Abstract
The rate of loss of the iron-filled ferritin cores during autolysis is higher in neurons than in glial cells.
Regression relationships for conversion of body wave and surface wave magnitudes toward Das magnitude scale, Mwg
Authors: Das Ranjit , Menesis Claudio , Urrutia Diego 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA reliable and standardized estimation of earthquake size is a fundamental requirement for all tectonophysical and engineering applications. Several investigations raised questions about the determinations of smaller and intermediate earthquakes usingMwscale. Recent investigations (Das et al. in Bull Seismol Soc Am 108(4):1995–2007, 2018b) show that the moment magnitude scaleMwis not applicable for lower and intermediate ranges throughout the world and does not efficiently represent the seismic source potential due to its dependence on surface wave magnitudes; therefore, an observed seismic moment (M0)-based magnitude scale,Mwg, which smoothly connects seismic source processes and highly correlates with seismic-radiated energy (Es) compared to theMwscale is suggested. With the goal of constructing a homogeneous data set ofMwgto be used for earthquake-related studies, relationships for body wave (mb) and surface wave magnitudes (Ms) towardMwghave been developed using regression methodologies such as generalized orthogonal regression (GOR) (GOR1: GOR relation is expressed in terms of the observed independent variable; and GOR2: GOR relation is used inappropriately in terms of theoretical true point of GOR line) and standard least-square regression (SLR). In order to establish regression relationships, global data have been considered during 1976–2014 formbmagnitudes of 524,790 events from the International Seismological Centre (ISC) and 326,201 events from the National Earthquake Information Center (NEIC),Msmagnitudes of 111,443 events from ISC along with 41,810Mwgevents data from the Global Centroid Moment Tensor (GCMT). Scaling relationships have been obtained betweenmbandMwgfor magnitude range 4.5 ≤ mb ≤ 6.2 for ISC and NEIC events using GOR1, GOR2 and SLR methodologies. Furthermore, scaling relationships betweenMsandMwghave been obtained for magnitude ranges 3.0 ≤ Ms ≤ 6.1 and 6.2 ≤ Ms ≤ 8.4 using GOR1, GOR2 and SLR procedures. Our analysis found that GOR1 provides improved estimates of dependent variable compared to GOR2 and SLR on the basis of statistical parameters (mainly uncertainty on slope and intercept, RMSE and Rxy) as reported in Das et al. (2018b). The derived global scaling relationships would be helpful for various seismological applications such as seismicity, seismic hazard and Risk assessment studies.
Facilitating the transfer of care from secondary to primary care: a scoping review to understand the role of pharmacists in general practice
Authors: Yahya Faiza , Nazar Hamde , Huckerby Clair , Hadi Muhammad Abdul 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Limited published research exists on the role of pharmacists in general practice (primary care pharmacists) in facilitating post-hospital discharge care of patients.

Aim
To summarise and map the nature and extent of current evidence on the role of primary care pharmacists in facilitating patient discharge from secondary to primary care and to inform future practice and research.

Method
Six electronic databases were systematically searched from inception to March 2022 for studies published in the English language that described and/or evaluated primary care pharmacist-led interventions for patients following hospital discharge. Grey literature and reference lists of included studies were also searched. Two authors independently screened articles for selection. A structured, pilot-tested form was used for data extraction.

Results
Twenty articles were included. The majority of studies (n = 17; 85%) were conducted in the USA. The most frequently reported intervention made by primary care pharmacists were medication reviews (n = 18) and medication reconciliation (n = 16). Studies have demonstrated the emerging roles of pharmacists involving collaboration with other healthcare professionals, review of laboratory monitoring, referrals, and follow-up. A wide range of outcomes such as the impact on hospital readmission rates, healthcare utilisation and reduction of potential adverse drug events were reported.

Conclusion
Pharmacists in general practice can offer a range of interventions in facilitating transfer of care of patients from secondary to primary care with positive patient and healthcare utilisation outcomes. However, more rigorous research evidence is required to establish the effectiveness, generalisability, acceptability, and sustainability of these services.
Improving the quality of publications in and advancing the paradigms of clinical and social pharmacy practice research: the Granada Statements
Authors: Fernandez-Llimos Fernando , Desselle Shane , Stewart Derek , Garcia-Cardenas Victoria , Babar Zaheer-Ud-Din , Bond Christine , Dago Ana , Jacobsen Ramune , Nørgaard Lotte Stig , Polidori Carlo , Sanchez-Polo Manuel , Santos-Ramos Bernardo , Shcherbakova Natalia , Tonin Fernanda S. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences embrace a series of different disciplines. Pharmacy practice has been defined as “the scientific discipline that studies the different aspects of the practice of pharmacy and its impact on health care systems, medicine use, and patient care”. Thus, pharmacy practice studies embrace both clinical pharmacy and social pharmacy elements. Like any other scientific discipline, clinical and social pharmacy practice disseminates research findings using scientific journals. Clinical pharmacy and social pharmacy journal editors have a role in promoting the discipline by enhancing the quality of the articles published. As has occurred in other health care areas (i.e., medicine and nursing), a group of clinical and social pharmacy practice journal editors gathered in Granada, Spain to discuss how journals could contribute to strengthening pharmacy practice as a discipline. The result of that meeting was compiled in these Granada Statements, which comprise 18 recommendations gathered into six topics: the appropriate use of terminology, impactful abstracts, the required peer reviews, journal scattering, more effective and wiser use of journal and article performance metrics, and authors’ selection of the most appropriate pharmacy practice journal to submit their work.
Failure analysis of the edge-notched beam test on fluid-exposed Berea Sandstone
Authors: Dabloul Rayan , Jin Bo Cheng , Jha Birendra 
Published: March 2023

AbstractInjection of fluids during wastewater disposal and geologic carbon sequestration causes induced stress and changes in rock’s elastic and failure properties, such as elastic moduli and fracture toughness. An accurate understanding of such changes in the response requires modeling and analysis of fluid-induced changes in rock’s stress and deformation states for which core-scale mechanical loading tests are often employed. Using experiments and simulations of Single Edge Notched Beam (SENB) test on water-exposed and supercritical (sc) CO$$_2$$

2

-exposed Berea sandstones, we quantify the effect of pore fluid on tensile crack propagation, spatial distributions of shear and tensile stresses, and fracture toughness and J-integral properties. We use Digital Image Correlation (DIC) to monitor the changes in local stress and deformation fields during crack initiation and propagation. A representative numerical simulation model of dynamic crack propagation under SENB loading is built using the extended finite element method. Results are analyzed using the stress path analysis to identify shear and tensile stress concentration regions, which provide precursory information for failure events during the test. Stress profiles along and across the growing crack are analyzed and compared with Irwin’s classical solutions to understand the impact of SENB loading. Evolution in stress intensity factor and crack length shows subcritical crack growth prior to Griffith-like failure at the structure scale.
Online reputation of agri-food companies and determining factors: an empirical investigation
Authors: Fernández-Uclés Domingo , Mozas-Moral Adoración , Bernal-Jurado Enrique , Puentes-Poyatos Raquel 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn an increasingly technology-oriented society, companies should ensure not only that they have an Internet presence but also that they are conveying the right image. According to the resource-based view, online reputation is a key intangible asset for successful technological business change. The aim of this research is to analyze the online reputation of companies in the agri-food sector, identifying the factors that have an impact on it. For this purpose, fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis is used. The results show that online reputation is conditioned by legal form and attributes associated with the company website. Such attributes include website quality, the presence of information associated with corporate social responsibility, the use of a secure connection, and the sale of organic products. The results provide strategic guidelines for public and private decision makers to exploit the full potential of ICTs.