bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vertical dispersal of Aedes albopictus within multi-story buildings in downtown Shanghai, China
Authors: Jin Shuqing , Fan Jian , Cao Hui , Zhang Zhendong , Leng Peien , Gao Qiang 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Shanghai has numerous high-rise apartment and office buildings, but the effects of these high-rise spaces on the vertical dispersal, oviposition and blood feeding behavior of Aedes albopictus are unknown.

Methods
In six multi-story building blocks in downtown Shanghai, 174 mosq-ovitraps (MOT) were placed both indoors and outdoors for Ae. albopictus collection at different vertical heights from the 1st to 6th floors and a terrace on the 8th floor. Collections were made for 4 months. The human landing catch (HLC) method for Ae. albopictus monitoring was also conducted on 6 consecutive days on six floors of two of the six buildings to study the feeding behavior of Ae. albopictus at different heights.

Results
Both MOTs and HLCs collected Ae. albopictus at all monitored heights. The vertical distribution, oviposition pattern and biting behavior varied significantly among the seven heights (1st–6th floors and 8th floor) (mosq-ovitrap index (MOI): X2 = 140.616, df = 6, P < 0.001; HLC: F (5, 138) = 15.111, P < 0.001). The MOI at low heights (1st + 2nd floors) was significantly higher than that at medium (3rd + 4th floor, P < 0.001) and high heights (5th + 6th floors, P < 0.001), and there was no significant difference in the MOI for the 3rd–6th floors. The outdoor MOIs were significantly higher than indoor MOIs at all heights (outdoor 23.09% vs. indoor 9.58%, X2 = 74.121, df = 1, P < 0.001). Aedes albopictus HLC density on the ground floor was significantly higher than that on all other heights (5.04 vs. 0.13, 0.29, 0.58, 0.79 and 1.50 per half hour, P < 0.05), while no difference was detected among the heights above the ground floor (P > 0.05).

Conclusions
Aedes albopictus is more common near the ground level, but it can easily disperse to higher floors in the multi-story buildings of urban Shanghai. No significant differences in Ae. albopictus density were detected within the 3rd–6th floors using MOT or HLC. This suggests that Ae. albopictus might also disperse to areas above the 6th floor and seek hosts there. Aedes albopictus prefers to oviposit outdoors; however, Ae. albopictus was also able to inhabit, oviposit and engage in blood-feeding behavior indoors on different floors. The three-dimensional dispersal pattern of Ae. albopictus in urban areas could facilitate arbovirus transmission and increase the difficulty of dengue control.

Graphical abstract
Development and validation of a point-based scoring system for predicting axillary lymph node metastasis and disease outcome in breast cancer using clinicopathological and multiparametric MRI features
Authors: Chen Xiaofeng , Yang Zhiqi , Huang Ruibin , Li Yue , Liao Yuting , Li Guijin , Wang Mengzhu , Chen Xiangguang , Dai Zhuozhi , Fan Weixiong 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Axillary lymph node (ALN) metastasis is used to select treatment strategies and define the prognosis in breast cancer (BC) patients and is typically assessed using an invasive procedure. Noninvasive, simple, and reliable tools to accurately predict ALN status are desirable. We aimed to develop and validate a point-based scoring system (PSS) for stratifying the ALN metastasis risk of BC based on clinicopathological and quantitative MRI features and to explore its prognostic significance.

Methods
A total of 219 BC patients were evaluated. The clinicopathological and quantitative MRI features of the tumors were collected. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to create the PSS. The performance of the models was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic curves, and the area under the curve (AUC) of the models was calculated. Kaplan–Meier curves were used to analyze the survival outcomes.

Results
Clinical features, including the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage, T stage, human epidermal growth factor receptor-2, estrogen receptor, and quantitative MRI features, including maximum tumor diameter, Kep, Ve, and TTP, were identified as risk factors for ALN metastasis and were assigned scores for the PSS. The PSS achieved an AUC of 0.799 in the primary cohort and 0.713 in the validation cohort. The recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) of the high-risk (> 19.5 points) groups were significantly shorter than those of the low-risk (≤ 19.5 points) groups in the PSS.

Conclusion
PSS could predict the ALN metastasis risk of BC. A PSS greater than 19.5 was demonstrated to be a predictor of short RFS and OS.
Mismatch Repair Deficiency and Lynch Syndrome Among Adult Patients With Glioma
Authors: Benusiglio Patrick R. , Elder Fikret , Touat Mehdi , Perrier Alexandre , Sanson Marc , Colas Chrystelle , Guerrini-Rousseau Lea , Tran Duy Thanh , Trabelsi Nesrine , Carpentier Catherine , Marie Yannick , Adam Clovis , Bernier Michèle , Cazals-Hatem Dominique , Mokhtari Karima , Tran Suzanne , Mathon Bertrand , Capelle Laurent , Dhooge Marion , Idbaih Ahmed , Alentorn Agusti , Houillier Caroline , Dehais Caroline , Hoang-Xuan Khe , Cuzzubbo Stefania , Carpentier Antoine , Duval Alex , Coulet Florence , Bielle Franck 
Published: June 2023

PURPOSE The Lynch syndrome (LS)-glioma association is poorly documented. As for mismatch repair deficiency (MMRd) in glioma, a hallmark of LS-associated tumors, there are only limited data available. We determined MMRd and LS prevalence in a large series of unselected gliomas, and explored the associated characteristics. Both have major implications in terms of treatment, screening, and prevention. METHODS Somatic next-generation sequencing was performed on 1,225 treatment-naive adult gliomas referred between 2017 and June 2022. For gliomas with ≥1 MMR pathogenic variant (PV), MMR immunohistochemistry (IHC) was done. Gliomas with ≥1 PV and protein expression loss were considered MMRd. Eligible patients had germline testing. To further explore MMRd specifically in glioblastomas, isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-wild type (wt), we performed IHC, and complementary sequencing when indicated, in a series of tumors diagnosed over the 2007-2021 period. RESULTS Nine gliomas were MMRd (9/1,225; 0.73%). Age at glioma diagnosis was <50 years for all but one case. Eight were glioblastomas, IDH-wt, and one was an astrocytoma, IDH-mutant. ATRX (n = 5) and TP53 (n = 8) PV were common. There was no TERT promoter PV or EGFR amplification. LS prevalence was 5/1,225 (0.41%). One 77-year-old patient was a known LS case. Four cases had a novel LS diagnosis, with germline PV in MSH2 (n = 3) and MLH1 (n = 1). One additional patient had PMS2-associated constitutional mismatch repair deficiency. Germline testing was negative in three MSH6-deficient tumors. In the second series of glioblastomas, IDH-wt, MMRd prevalence was 12.5% in the <40-year age group, 2.6% in the 40-49 year age group, and 1.6% the ≥50 year age group. CONCLUSION Screening for MMRd and LS should be systematic in glioblastomas, IDH-wt, diagnosed under age 50 years.
Longitudinal Associations Between Vitamin D Status and Cardiometabolic Risk Markers Among Children and Adolescents
Authors: Wolters Maike , Marron Manuela , Foraita Ronja , Hadjigeorgiou Charalampos , De Henauw Stefaan , Eiben Gabriele , Lauria Fabio , Iglesia Iris , Moreno Luis A , Molnár Dénes , Veidebaum Toomas , Ahrens Wolfgang , Nagrani Rajini 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Context
Vitamin D status has previously been associated with cardiometabolic risk markers in children and adolescents. In particular, it has been suggested that children with obesity are more prone to vitamin D deficiency and unfavorable metabolic outcomes compared with healthy-weight children.

Objective
To conduct a longitudinal study assessing this association in children and stratify by body mass index (BMI) category.

Methods
Children from the pan-European IDEFICS/I.Family cohort with at least one measurement of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] at cohort entry or follow-up (n = 2171) were included in this study. Linear mixed-effect models were used to assess the association between serum 25(OH)D as an independent variable and z-scores of cardiometabolic risk markers (waist circumference, systolic [SBP] and diastolic blood pressure [DBP], high- [HDL] and low-density lipoprotein, non-HDL, triglycerides [TRG], apolipoprotein A1 [ApoA1] and ApoB, fasting glucose [FG], homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance [HOMA-IR], and metabolic syndrome score) as dependent variables.

Results
After adjustment for age, sex, study region, smoking and alcohol status, sports club membership, screen time, BMI, parental education, and month of blood collection, 25(OH)D levels were inversely associated with SBP, DBP, FG, HOMA-IR, and TRG. The HOMA-IR z-score decreased by 0.07 units per 5 ng/mL increase in 25(OH)D. The 25(OH)D level was consistently associated with HOMA-IR irrespective of sex or BMI category.

Conclusion
Low serum 25(OH)D concentrations are associated with unfavorable levels of cardiometabolic markers in children and adolescents. Interventions to improve vitamin D levels in children with a poor status early in life may help to reduce cardiometabolic risk.
Nutritional control of developmental processes
Authors: Ferenc Jaroslav , Ikmi Aissam 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
Nutritional and metabolic cues are integral to animal development. Organisms use them both as sustenance and environmental indicators, fueling, informing and influencing developmental decisions. Classical examples, such as the Warburg effect, clearly illustrate how genetic programs control metabolic changes. However, the way that nutrition and metabolism can also modulate or drive genetic programs to instruct developmental trajectories is much more elusive, owing to several difficulties including uncoupling permissive and instructive functions. Here, we discuss recent advancements in the field that highlight the developmental role of nutritional and metabolic cues across multiple levels of organismal complexity.
Horizontal basal cells self-govern their neurogenic potential during injury-induced regeneration of the olfactory epithelium
Authors: Louie Jonathan D. , Bromberg Benjamin H. , Zunitch Matthew J. , Schwob James E. 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
Horizontal basal cells (HBCs) residing within severely damaged olfactory epithelium (OE) mediate OE regeneration by differentiating into odorant-detecting olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) and other tissue supporting non-neuronal cell types. Depending on both tissue type and integrity, the Notch signaling pathway can either positively or negatively regulate resident stem cell activity. Although Notch1 specifies HBC dormancy in the uninjured OE, little is known about how HBCs are influenced by the Notch pathway following OE injury. Here, we show that HBCs depend on a functional inversion of the Notch pathway to appropriately mediate OE regeneration. At 24 h post-injury, HBCs enhance Notch1-mediated signaling. Moreover, at 3 days post-injury when the regenerating OE is composed of multiple cell layers, HBCs enrich both Notch1 and the Notch ligand, Dll1. Notably, HBC-specific Notch1 knockout increases HBC quiescence and impairs HBC differentiation into neuronal progenitors and OSNs. Interestingly, complete HBC knockout of Dll1 only decreases differentiation of HBC-derived OSNs. These data underscore the context-dependent nature of Notch signaling. Furthermore, they reveal that HBCs regulate their own neurogenic potential after OE injury.
Yck3 casein kinase-mediated phosphorylation determines Ivy1 localization and function at endosomes and the vacuole
Authors: Grziwa Sophie , Schäfer Jan-Hannes , Nicastro Raffaele , Arens Annabel , De Virgilio Claudio , Fröhlich Florian , Moeller Arne , Gao Jieqiong , Langemeyer Lars , Ungermann Christian 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
The Saccharomyces cerevisiae casein kinase protein Yck3 is a central regulator at the vacuole that phosphorylates several proteins involved in membrane trafficking. Here, we set out to identify novel substrates of this protein. We found that endogenously tagged Yck3 localized not only at the vacuole, but also on endosomes. To disable Yck3 function, we generated a kinase-deficient mutant and thus identified the I-BAR-protein Ivy1 as a novel Yck3 substrate. Ivy1 localized to both endosomes and vacuoles, and Yck3 controlled this localization. A phosphomimetic Ivy1-SD mutant was found primarily on vacuoles, whereas its non-phosphorylatable SA variant strongly localized to endosomes, similar to what was observed upon deletion of Yck3. In vitro analysis revealed that Yck3-mediated phosphorylation strongly promoted Ivy1 recruitment to liposomes carrying the Rab7-like protein Ypt7. Modeling of Ivy1 with Ypt7 identified binding sites for Ypt7 and a positively charged patch, which were both required for Ivy1 localization. Strikingly, Ivy1 mutations in either site resulted in more cells with multilobed vacuoles, suggesting a partial defect in its membrane biogenesis. Our data thus indicate that Yck3-mediated phosphorylation controls both localization and function of Ivy1 in endolysosomal biogenesis.
Freeze-fracture evidence for gap junctions connecting the axon terminals of dipteran photoreceptors
Authors: Shaw S. R. , Stowe S. 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
The six photoreceptor terminals entering each synaptic cartridge in higher Diptera (flies) are known to be connected reciprocally by small junctions with reduced membrane spacing, so-called ‘close appositions’, but the nature of these sites is currently in dispute. Claims have been made that they are gap junctions, whilst counter-claims have denied this. From freeze-fractured replicas from Lucilia, we conclude that bow-shaped particle groupings, seen on the membrane P fracture face, have been wrongly equated by previous workers to the close appositions. They do not connect between receptors, and probably correspond instead to the frequent chemically mediated ‘tetrad’ synapses to postsynaptic cells. On the opposite (E) face, different, small assemblies of particles are identified here for the first time, which actually do connect the membranes of adjacent terminals. These form roundish, depressed maculae averaging 0 · 13 μm across, containing groups of 30 – 40 irregularly packed, irregularly sized particles of mean diameter 11 · 8 nm, with a dark dot sometimes visible at their apices. These maculae thus possess all the freeze-fracture attributes considered necessary to define an arthropod gap junction. The size range and distribution of the maculae are as expected if they are to be identified with the close appositions seen in sections, and some cross-fractures suggest this correspondence directly. The gap width at the apposition, 4 8 nm, is larger than that usually quoted for a gap junction, but actually falls within the limits of the few accurate determinations in the literature on arthropods. Both sections and replicas confirm that the maculae)appositions are much more numerous than previously thought, with up to 62 on each terminal, spaced about 1 μm apart. The total junctional area coupling a pair of terminals is comparatively large, about 0 · 4 μm2, and similar to the cross-sectional area of the incoming receptor axon as this approaches the cartridge. The junctions are therefore likely candidates to account for the strong electrical coupling recently detected between terminals. The junctions are distributed throughout the synaptic cartridge and not solely confined to its distal end, as most previous workers have contended.
Repeated-Sprint Training at 5000-m Simulated Altitude in Preparation for the World Rugby Women’s Sevens Series: Too High?
Authors: BROCHERIE FRANCK , RACINAIS SEBASTIEN , COCKING SCOTT , TOWNSEND NATHAN , COUDERC ANTHONY , PISCIONE JULIEN , GIRARD OLIVIER 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT

Purpose
The objective of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of novel repeated-sprint training in hypoxia (RSH) protocol, likely maximizing hypoxic stimulus (higher than commonly used) while preserving training quality (interset rest in normoxia).

Methods
Twenty-three world-class female rugby sevens players performed four repeated-sprint training sessions (4 sets of 5 × 5-s cycle sprints—25-s intersprint recovery and 3-min interset rest) under normobaric hypoxia (RSH, exercise and interset rest at FiO2 of 10.6% and 20.9%, respectively; n = 12) or normoxia (repeated-sprint training in normoxia; exercise and interset rest at FiO2 of 20.9%; n = 11) during a 9-d training camp before international competition. Repeated-sprint ability (8 × 5-s treadmill sprints—25-s recovery), on-field aerobic capacity, and brachial endothelial function were assessed pre- and postintervention.

Results
Arterial oxygen saturation (pooled data: 87.0% ± 3.1% vs 96.7% ± 2.9%, P < 0.001) and peak and mean power outputs (sets 1 to 4 average decrease: −21.7% ± 7.2% vs −12.0% ± 3.8% and −24.9% ± 8.1% vs −14.9% ± 3.5%; both P < 0.001) were lower in RSH versus repeated-sprint training in normoxia. The cumulated repeated-sprint distance covered significantly increased from pre- to postintervention (+1.9% ± 3.0%, P = 0.019), irrespective of the condition (P = 0.149). On-field aerobic capacity did not change (all P > 0.45). There was no significant interaction (all P > 0.240) or condition main effect (all P > 0.074) for any brachial artery endothelial function variable. Only peak diameter increased (P = 0.026), whereas baseline and peak shear stress decreased (P = 0.014 and 0.019, respectively), from pre- to postintervention.

Conclusions
In world-class female rugby sevens players, only four additional repeated-sprint sessions before competition improve repeated-sprint ability and brachial endothelial function. However, adding severe hypoxic stress during sets of repeated sprints only did not provide supplementary benefits.
Intrafirm Knowledge Sharing in the Investment Research Industry
Authors: Hugon Artur , Lin An-Ping , Markov Stanimir 
Published: June 2023

We study interdepartment knowledge sharing in an investment research setting where the benefits are potentially significant for the brokerage and the capital market, but so are the frictions impeding it. Using hand-collected data on equity analyst access to in-house debt research expertise, we find significant benefits to equity analysts in the form of improved ability to forecast cash flows and to anticipate credit rating downgrades. Moreover, we find evidence that access to management and research expertise underlie in-house debt analysts’ capacity to generate information beneficial to equity analysts. Finally, these benefits exist only in the presence of a collaborative brokerage culture or debt-equity analyst collocation, consistent with these factors promoting knowledge sharing in the investment research industry. This paper was accepted by Brian Bushee, accounting. Supplemental Material: The data files and online appendix are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.4809 .
Venous eczema: more than just a rash
Authors: Payne Drew 
Published: June 2023

Venous eczema—also known as varicose, gravitational or stasis eczema—is a common form of eczema. In fact, 37−44% of patients with leg ulcers can present with a venous eczema. It is highly unpleasant, and can disrupt an individual's personal and social life. In this article, Drew Payne provides a community nurse's perspective on what venous eczema is, how to manage it in patients, and how to prevent further reoccurences.
Hip resurfacing arthroplasty as an alternative to total hip arthroplasty in patients aged under 40 years
Authors: Ramkumar Prem N. , Shaikh Hashim J. F. , Woo Josh J. , Haeberle Heather S. , Pang Michael , Brooks Peter J. 
Published: June 2023

AimsThe aims of the study were to report for a cohort aged younger than 40 years: 1) indications for HRA; 2) patient-reported outcomes in terms of the modified Harris Hip Score (HHS); 3) dislocation rate; and 4) revision rate.MethodsThis retrospective analysis identified 267 hips from 224 patients who underwent an hip resurfacing arthroplasty (HRA) from a single fellowship-trained surgeon using the direct lateral approach between 2007 and 2019. Inclusion criteria was minimum two-year follow-up, and age younger than 40 years. Patients were followed using a prospectively maintained institutional database.ResultsA total of 217 hips (81%) were included for follow-up analysis at a mean of 3.8 years. Of the 23 females who underwent HRA, none were revised, and the median head size was 46 mm (compared to 50 mm for males). The most common indication for HRA was femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (n = 133), and avascular necrosis ( (n = 53). Mean postoperative HHS was 100 at two and five years. No dislocations occurred. A total of four hips (1.8%) required reoperation for resection of heterotopic ossification, removal of components for infection, and subsidence with loosening. The overall revision rate was 0.9%.ConclusionFor younger patients with higher functional expectations and increased lifetime risk for revision, HRA is an excellent bone preserving intervention carrying low complication rates, revision rates, and excellent patient outcomes without lifetime restrictions allowing these patients to return to activity and sport. Thus, in younger male patients with end-stage hip disease and higher demands, referral to a high-volume HRA surgeon should be considered.Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2023;4(6):408–415.
Temperature-insensitive and fabrication-tolerant coarse wavelength division (de)multiplexing on a silica platform using an angled multimode interferometer
Authors: Zeng Guoyan , Yin Yuexin , Ding Yingzhi , Yang Junfeng , Yan Jun , Sun Xiaoqiang , Zhang Daming 
Published: June 2023

Wavelength division (de)multiplexing (WDM) device is a crucial component for optical transmission networks. In this paper, we demonstrate a 4 channel WDM device with a 20 nm wavelength spacing on silica based planar lightwave circuits (PLC) platform. The device is designed using an angled multimode interferometer (AMMI) structure. Since there are fewer bending waveguides than other WDMs, the device footprint is smaller, at 21 mm × 0.4 mm. Owing to the low thermo-optic coefficient (TOC) of silica, a low temperature sensitivity of 10 pm/°C is achieved. The fabricated device exhibits high performance of an insertion loss (IL) lower than 1.6 dB, a polarization dependent loss (PDL) lower than 0.34 dB, and the crosstalk between adjacent channels lower than −19 dB. The 3 dB bandwidth is 12.3∼13.5 nm. Moreover, the device shows a high tolerance with a sensitivity of central wavelength to the width of multimode interferometer < 43.75 pm/nm.