bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phytochemical Characteristics and Antioxidant Activity of Liang Tea at Different pH During Storage
Authors: Dewi Yohana Sutiknyawati Kusuma 
Published: March 2023

Tea is a popular beverage consumed in Pontianak City, Indonesia. The ingredients of tea were consist of the leaves of D.chinensis, R.discolor, O.aristatus, P.amaryllifolius, heartwood of C.sappan and peels of A.vera with certain ratio. The study aims to find out the effect of storage time on phytochemical content and antioxidant activity of liang tea with different pH. The liang tea was prepared by hot brewing of the tea ingredients for 6 minutes and let it cooled down. The pH of tea adjusted to 4, 5, 6 and 6,5 by adding citric acid buffer and stored in plastic container and leave it at room temperature. The observed parameters were pH, vitamin C content, Total Soluble Solid (TSS), total phenolic content, total flavonoid content and antioxidant activity by DPPH scavenging method. Each of mentioned parameters of tea were observed for 17 days, with 2 days interval measurement. The treatment was replicated five times. The results in averaged time showed that liang tea with pH 4 possess highest total phenolic content and TSS (13.04 ± 1.21 mgGAE/g dw and 2.40 ± 0.3oBrix respectively) and pH 5 liang tea possess highest vitamin C, total flavonoid content and antioxidant activity (5.49 ± 0.94 mg/100ml; 20.02 ± 2.12 mgQE/g dw and 40.38 ± 4.37 % respectively. Base on the result showed the optimum pH of liang tea during storage was ranged 4 to 5, which pH 4 liang tea possess highest total phenolic content and total dissolved solid and pH 5 liang tea possess highest vitamin C, total flavonoid content and antioxidant activity.
Prospek Pengembangan Usaha Putu Jagung Aneka Rasa di Kecamatan Tilamuta Kabupaten Boalemo
Authors: Sardianti Andi Lelanovita , Rahmi Nur 
Published: March 2023

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kecamatan Tilamuta Kabupaten Boalemo dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis prospek pengembangan usaha putu jagung aneka rasa di Kecamatan Tilamuta Kabupaten Boalemo. Penelitian ini dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis pendapatan, analisis B/C dan BEP. Prosedur penelitian ini terbagi atas beberapa tahap yaitu : 1) persiapan bahan, 2) Pembuatan putu jagung aneka rasa, 3) Pengemasan, 4) Pemasaran, 5) analisis keuntungan dan pendapatan, 6) analisis prospek pengembangan usaha putu jagung aneka rasa. Hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan diketahui bahwa usaha Putu Jagung Aneka rasa di Kecamatan Tilamuta Kabupaten Boalemo menguntungkan, dengan total keuntungan adalah sebesar Rp.64.400,-. Dari besarnya keuntungan yang diperoleh usaha putu jagung berdasarkan perhitungan nilai BEP diperoleh BEP produksi 74,94/kotak, BEP harga Rp. 5.246/kotak, nilai B/C rasio sebesar 0,18, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa Prospek usaha Putu Jagung Aneka Rasa di Kecamatan Tilamuta Kabupaten Boalemo memiliki prospek untuk dikembangkan.
Tingkat Kesukaan Sambal Ikan Teri (Stolephorus sp) Secara Organoleptik
Authors: Mansyur Mariani Haji 
Published: March 2023

Sambal merupakan produk olahan dari cabai (Capsicum sp) yang menyerupai bubur dan biasanya ditambahkan bahan – bahan tambahan lainnya seperti garam, bawang merah, bawang putih, dan gula pasir. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat kesukaan panelis terhadap sambal ikan teri (Stolephorus sp) selama penyimpanan secara organoleptik. Perlakuan pada penelitian ini adalah penambahkan ikan teri dengan berbagai tingkat konsentrasi, (A) Konsentrasi ikan teri 10%, (B) Konsentrasi ikan teri 15%, (C) Konsentrasi ikan teri 20%, (D) Konsentrasi ikan teri 25%, dan (E) Konsentrasi ikan teri 30%. Hasil uji penerimaan panelis berdasarkan organoleptik sambal ikan teri yang disimpan selama 3 minggu berdasarkan tingkat warna berkisar 1,32-1,55 atau mulai dari sangat suka hingga suka, tingkat aroma berkisar 1,41-1,85 atau mulai dari sangat suka hingga suka dan tingkat rasa berkisar 1,52-176, atau mulai dari sangat suka hingga suka. Berdasarkan data tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa tingkat penerimaan panelis pada produk sambal ikan teri selama 3 minggu penyimpanan masih. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah hasil analisa tingkat kesukaan panelis terhadap sambal yang disimpan selama 3 minggu berdasarkan organoleptik baik tingkat warna, aroma maupun rasa menunjukan hasil yang sangat disukai hingga suka.
Analisis Kadar Kafein Kopi Bubuk Arabika di Sulawesi Selatan Menggunakan Spektrofotometri UV-VIS
Authors: Maskar Rismaladewi , Faisal Faisal 
Published: March 2023

Kopi merupakan salah satu minuman yang digemari oleh masyarakat, hal ini ditandai dengan semakin berkembangnya kedai kopi dipinggir jalan. Ketergantungan pada minuman kopi salah satunya dapat disebabkan oleh kandungan kafeinnya. Apabila dikonsumsi, kafein dapat memberikan efek positif dan negatif pada tubuh. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kadar kafein pada kopi bubuk lokal berjenis Arabika yang berasal dari wilayah sentra produksi di Sulawesi Selatan dan mengetahui kesesuaian kandungan kafein tersebut dengan standar SNI 01-3542-2004. Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel kopi bubuk lokal dari wilayah Latimojong, Bantaeng, Malakaji, dan Kalosi, dengan menggunakan metode Spektrofotometri UV-VIS, pengulangan sebanyak tiga kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan persentasi kadar kafein yang terkandung dalam kopi bubuk lokal yaitu kopi bubuk Arabika Latimojong sebesar 2,98 %, kopi bubuk Arabika Kalosi sebesar 2,85%, kopi bubuk Arabika Malakaji sebesar 2,69% dan kopi bubuk Arabika Bantaeng sebesar 2,95%. Kadar kafein kopi bubuk dari semua sampel lebih dari 2% b/b berdasarkan standar SNI 01-3542-2004, namun masih layak untuk dikonsumsi.
La informalidad en un panorama laboral heterogéneo: Reflexiones históricas sobre el nordeste brasileño
Authors: Mota Braga Bruno 
Published: March 2023

Este artículo busca presentar cómo la informalidad asume diferentes configuraciones en el nordeste brasileño, particularmente en el actual panorama laboral del estado de Pernambuco. También se muestran marcos analíticos e históricos que tienen como objetivo formular algunas reflexiones sobre las características asumidas por la informalidad en su pluralidad y situamos algunas notas sobre la constitución del mercado laboral brasileño enfatizando el lugar asumido por la informalidad en la región Nordeste. Finalmente, situamos el panorama laboral del estado de Pernambuco y los diferentes arreglos productivos y comerciales que allí se instalaron. Nuestro objetivo es presentar algunas características de la informalidad, enfatizando la necesidad de entenderla en su pluralidad histórica, así como sus configuraciones, prácticas y significados.
Hydraulic Conditions in Foul Water Stacks
Authors: Sokol Martin , Peráčková Jana 
Published: March 2023

Foul water stacks are a separate chapter in the design of sanitary installations, especially in high-rise buildings. The problematic part is the complicated hydraulic conditions in the stacks, which lead to high values of negative pressure and overpressure. Exceeding the maximum negative pressure values leads to the extraction of water from the traps, which causes the spread of annoying smells in the interior. Another problematic part is the high hydraulic jumps caused by a sudden change in the velocity of water in the stack, especially above the change in the direction of stacks. Such sudden changes in velocity cause excessive vibrations and noise that spread from stacks to the building structures and surrounding areas. The contribution deals with the issue of hydraulic conditions in the flow of foul water in stacks, assessment of the maximum values of negative pressure and overpressure, technical solutions that ensure optimal water flow in the drainage systems of buildings. Based on measurements that were performed in companies abroad, the authors prepared graphs of pressure fluctuations in stacks for selected boundary conditions.
Consequences of monetary depreciation on Houhehot Spending in Kinshasa (R.D.Congo) 2015-2017
Authors: Musima Mungie Eleuthère  
Published: March 2023

This work consisted in experimenting the theories on the currency whhile trying to work on the depreciation of congolese France vis-a-vis the foreign currency . This choice was moticated to enrich knowledge on the role that money play in the economy as heritage. And then try to apply social science theories and research methods in a specific context. It is a question of constituting a probability sample (simple random sample) of a set of household expenses for two periods. That of relative price stability on the market and that of the general increase in the exchange rate. After having established a correlation betwueen thèse two variables, we try to raise in percentage, of how muche the monetary depreciation influences the volume of expenditure of the househods. To do this, we will apply a paired sample test.
Análisis de los efectos producidos en el Bienestar Psicológico por motivo de la pandemia Covid-19
Authors: Mocha Bonilla Julio Alfonso , Castro Acosta Washington Ernesto , Ortiz Ortiz Patricio Gustavo , Zambrano Pontón Raúl Guillermo 
Published: March 2023

Introducción. Durante el mes de enero del 2020 la Organización Mundial de la Salud notificó la aparición de un nuevo genoma conocido como sarcov-2, desde allí la población a nivel mundial ha tenido que afrontar la crisis sanitaria por motivo de la pandemia del covid-19, la cual se agudizó durante el año 2021 en Ecuador y la ciudad de Ambato; la problemática de la emergencia sanitaria y el confinamiento repercutió en la salud física de las personas, lo cual generó efectos en la salud mental, las emociones y los sentimientos de los individuos. Objetivo. El presente estudio tuvo como propósito analizar el bienestar psicológico y los efectos producidos por motivo de la pandemia Covid-19 en las familias del barrio la pradera. Metodología. El estudio se realizó durante la pandemia del Covid-19 en varias familias del barrio La Pradera de la ciudad de Ambato, el trabajo investigativo fue desarrollado bajo un enfoque mixto, se aplicó una metodología tipo descriptiva; la muestra de estudio estuvo conformada por 20 sujetos todos cabeza de hogar pertenecientes al barrio residencial la pradera, los datos fueron tomados y analizados en la etapa más fuerte de confinamiento sanitario en la ciudad de Ambato; el instrumento para la recolección de la información presenta categorías correspondientes al bienestar psicológico para adultos (BIEPS-A), el mismo que se divide en cinco categorías: Aceptación de sí mismo, control de situaciones, vínculos sociales, autonomía y proyectos de vida, el cual fue aplicado mediante herramientas tecnológicas para evitar los contagios. Resultados. Los datos revelan que el 95 % de los encuestados poseen un nivel alto de aceptación de sus equivocaciones, es decir, autoconfianza para tomar las mejores decisiones para afrontar sus problemas familiares en la etapa de pandemia, sin embargo, el 50% de los encuestados tienen dudas en tomar sus decisiones solos, dependen de sus familiares, se pudo observar que el 65 % consideran que los efectos de la pandemia son en la parte económica, un 20 % en la salud, el 10 % en la educación y tan solo el 5 % mencionan la afectación de empleo. Conclusiones. En el barrio la pradera de la ciudad de Ambato se encontró que en la etapa de pandemia sanitaria se necesita total apoyo por parte de la familia para afrontar los aspectos psicológicos y sociales producidos por la pandemia.
Técnicas de programación neurolingüística ante la crisis Covid-19 una aproximación para el desarrollo de las habilidades productivas en la enseñanza del idioma Inglés en Ecuador
Authors: Andrade Naranjo Diego Santiago , Proaño Rodríguez Carlos Enrique , Carvajal Gavilanes Andrea Karina , Mena Garzón Narcisa de Jesús 
Published: March 2023

La educación ha sufrido cambios importantes, a un más desde finales del año 2019 donde inicia una pandemia mundial que sin duda afecta la enseñanza y el aprendizaje en el idioma inglés en el Ecuador, el objetivo primordial de esta investigación fue determinar la influencia de las técnicas de programación neurolingüística en el desarrollo de las habilidades productivas en tiempos de pandemia, dado que los estudiantes no pueden expresarse correctamente de forma oral y escrita en sus clases virtuales, utilizando frases incorrectas, con poco uso de vocabulario y sin comprensión, lo que muestra baja autoestima e interés al expresarse en idioma inglés. La vergüenza y el miedo de cometer errores sin tener un entendimiento por parte del profesor y los compañeros de clase son otros aspectos importantes al momento de emitir un comentario o entablar un diálogo. En este contexto, se propuso realizar la presente experimentación con 30 estudiantes. Para este estudio se adoptó un diseño de grupo único pre y post-prueba utilizando una metodología de carácter cuantitativo realizado durante la pandemia. Los problemas de los estudiantes en el desarrollo de habilidades productivas fueron evaluados mediante el programa estadístico SPSS, aplicando el test estadístico T Student de pruebas relacionadas. Con base en los resultados de la preprueba, se aplicaron técnicas neurolingüísticas (Anclaje, Crear relación, Espejo, Mantener el flujo) durante 4 semanas en las clases presenciales y virtuales de inglés por la pandemia Covid-19. Al final de la experimentación, se realizó una post prueba, y el resultado del estudio reveló que los estudiantes a través de la programación neurolingüística, presentaron mejoras significativas en las habilidades productivas del idioma inglés, destacando que el uso de las estrategias mencionadas ayuda positivamente a la adquisición de un segundo idioma, especialmente en la forma de expresarse en inglés, dándoles mayor libertad y confianza a la hora de emitir un comentario oral y escrito en un segundo idioma.
Influence of the center of pressure on baropodometric gait pattern variations in the adult population with flatfoot: A case-control study
Authors: Padrón Luis , Bayod Javier , Becerro-de-Bengoa-Vallejo Ricardo , Losa-Iglesias Marta , López-López Daniel , Casado-Hernández Israel 
Published: March 2023

Background: Adult flatfoot is considered an alteration in the foot bone structure characterized by a decrease or collapse of the medial arch during static or dynamic balance in the gait pattern. The aim of our research was to analyze the center of pressure differences between the population with adult flatfoot and the population with normal feet.Methods: A case-control study involving 62 subjects was carried out on 31 adults with bilateral flatfoot and 31 healthy controls. The gait pattern analysis data were collected employing a complete portable baropodometric platform with piezoresistive sensors.Results: Gait pattern analysis showed statistically significant differences in the cases group, revealing lower levels in the left foot loading response of the stance phase in foot contact time (p = 0.016) and contact foot percentage (p = 0.019).Conclusion: The adult population with bilateral flatfoot evidenced higher contact time data in the total stance phase compared to the control group, which seems to be linked to the presence of foot deformity in the adult population.
Global statistical assessment of Haiyang-2B scanning microwave radiometer precipitable water vapor
Authors: Wu Zhilu , Lu Cuixian , Liu Yang , Lin Huan , Zheng Yuxin , Wei Qun , Liu Yanxiong 
Published: March 2023

Introduction: As a successor to Haiyang-2A (HY-2A), HY-2B is China’s second marine dynamic satellite. Equipped with a scanning microwave radiometer (SMR), it can measure the precipitable water vapor (PWV) over the oceans, providing valuable climate and weather insights. This study aims to evaluate the accuracy of HY-2B SMR PWV data from January 2019 to December 2021 using various validation methods.Methods: to validate HY-2B SMR PWV, fifth-generation European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) reanalysis (ERA5) data, radiosonde data, and global navigation satellite system (GNSS) observations are used.Results: the validation shows that the HY-2B SMR PWV data agree well with the ERA5 PWV data, with a root mean square error (RMSE) of 1.61 mm and a mean value of 0.71 mm. However, RMSEs of approximately 3.5 mm are observed when comparing the HY-2B SMR PWV data to GNSS and radiosonde data, likely due to temporal and spatial gaps. Geographically, there are greater differences between the HY-2B SMR and ERA5 in lower-latitude areas. The reason could be attributed to a higher water vapor content and more frequent cloudy weather in the areas.Discussion: The results demonstrate that the HY-2B SMR PWV meets requirement (RMSE≤3.5 mm). The HY-2B SMR PWV has a high quality, with a slight observational drift of only 0.1 mm/year, but regular validation and calibration are still necessary.
Measurements of elemental iodine in soy sauces in Taiwan using a modified microplate method
Authors: Huang Chun-Jui , Lee Lin-Hsuan , Cheng Cheng-Pin , Yao Shan-Fan , Chen Harn-Shen , Hwu Chii-Min , Tang Kam-Tsun , Wang Fan-Fen , Shih Chiao-Wei , Yang Chen-Chang , Huang Wen-Sheng 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundSoy sauce is widely used in a variety of Asian dishes to enhance flavor. Soybean and most soybean products, including soy sauces, are listed as prohibited foods in a low iodine diet. However, the iodine content in soy sauces is largely unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the iodine content in domestic soy sauces in Taiwan.MethodsTwenty-five different kinds of soy sauces were diluted with distilled water and with a dilution factor of fifty or above. Iodine concentrations of the diluted samples were measured colourimetrically based on the Sandell-Kolthoff reaction by a modified microplate method. All the measurements were repeated twelve times on three different days for determination of mean and standard deviation (SD), and coefficients of variance (CV). Serial dilution and recovery tests were also performed for validation. The results were confirmed by an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) method.ResultsAmong the twenty-five surveyed soy sauces, most of them (n=22) were iodine-free (&lt;16 ug/L, and thus un-detectable). The iodine concentrations (mean ± SD) of the three iodine-containing soy sauces were 2.7 ± 0.1, 5.1 ± 0.2, and 10.8 ± 0.6 mg/L, respectively. The inter-assay, intra-assay and total CVs were all &lt;5.3% for the modified microplate method. The results obtained by ICP-MS were consistent with those of the modified microplate method. The recovery rates in the serial dilution test and recovery test ranged from 94.7% to 118.6%. Two of the three iodine-containing soy sauces were supplemented with kelp extract, while the other one without kelp extract had the highest amount of salt among the three iodine-containing soy sauces. Therefore, we postulate that iodized salt instead of kelp extract is the source of higher iodine content in that sauce.ConclusionThe results suggest that most soy sauces are iodine-free and may be allowed during low iodine diets.
Polycystic ovary syndrome and 25-hydroxyvitamin D: A bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Zhang Nana , Liao Yan , Zhao Hongyu , Chen Tong , Jia Fan , Yu Yue , Zhu Shiqin , Wang Chaoying , Zhang Wufan , Liu Xinmin 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundAccumulating observational studies have indicated that vitamin D deficiency (serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) &lt; 50 nmol/L) is common in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). However, the direction and causal nature remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the causal association between PCOS and 25OHD.MethodsA bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study was used to evaluate the causal association between PCOS and 25OHD. From the publicly available European-lineage genome-wide association studies (GWAS) summary statistics for PCOS (4,890 cases of PCOS and 20,405 controls) and 25OHD (n = 417,580), we selected 11 and 102 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as instrumental variables (IVs), respectively. In univariate MR (uvMR) analysis, inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method was employed in the primary MR analysis and multiple sensitivity analyses were implemented. Additionally, a multivariable MR (mvMR) design was carried to adjust for obesity and insulin resistance (IR) as well.ResultsUvMR demonstrated that genetically determined PCOS was negatively associated with 25OHD level (IVW Beta: -0.02, P = 0.008). However, mvMR found the causal effect disappeared when adjusting the influence of obesity and IR. Both uvMR and mvMR analysis didn’t support the causal effect of 25OHD deficiency on risk of PCOS (IVW OR: 0.86, 95% CI: 0.66 ~ 1.12, P = 0.280).ConclusionOur findings highlighted that the casual effect of PCOS on 25OHD deficiency might be mediated by obesity and IR, and failed to find substantial causal effect of 25OHD deficiency on risk of PCOS. Further observational studies and clinical trials are necessary.
Bulk and single-cell transcriptome analyses of islet tissue unravel gene signatures associated with pyroptosis and immune infiltration in type 2 diabetes
Authors: Song Yaxian , He Chen , Jiang Yan , Yang Mengshi , Xu Zhao , Yuan Lingyan , Zhang Wenhua , Xu Yushan 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionType 2 diabetes (T2D) is a common chronic heterogeneous metabolic disorder. However, the roles of pyroptosis and infiltrating immune cells in islet dysfunction of patients with T2D have yet to be explored. In this study, we aimed to explore potential crucial genes and pathways associated with pyroptosis and immune infiltration in T2D.MethodsTo achieve this, we performed a conjoint analysis of three bulk RNA-seq datasets of islets to identify T2D-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs). After grouping the islet samples according to their ESTIMATE immune scores, we identified immune- and T2D-related DEGs. A clinical prediction model based on pyroptosis-related genes for T2D was constructed. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis was performed to identify genes positively correlated with pyroptosis-related pathways. A protein–protein interaction network was established to identify pyroptosis-related hub genes. We constructed miRNA and transcriptional networks based on the pyroptosis-related hub genes and performed functional analyses. Single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) was conducted using the GSE153885 dataset. Dimensionality was reduced using principal component analysis and t-distributed statistical neighbor embedding, and cells were clustered using Seurat. Different cell types were subjected to differential gene expression analysis and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). Cell–cell communication and pseudotime trajectory analyses were conducted using the samples from patients with T2D.ResultsWe identified 17 pyroptosis-related hub genes. We determined the abundance of 13 immune cell types in the merged matrix and found that these cell types were correlated with the 17 pyroptosis-related hub genes. Analysis of the scRNA-seq dataset of 1892 islet samples from patients with T2D and controls revealed 11 clusters. INS and IAPP were determined to be pyroptosis-related and candidate hub genes among the 11 clusters. GSEA of the 11 clusters demonstrated that the myc, G2M checkpoint, and E2F pathways were significantly upregulated in clusters with several differentially enriched pathways.DiscussionThis study elucidates the gene signatures associated with pyroptosis and immune infiltration in T2D and provides a critical resource for understanding of islet dysfunction and T2D pathogenesis.