bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Need and Possibilities of Phytocompounds against SARS-CoV-2: Recent
Advances in COVID-19 Therapy
Authors: R. Pradeep Kumar 
Published: February 2023

Abstract:
Efforts have been made during the past two years to find out novel and effective drugs
against SARS-CoV-2. Plants have become a source for the development of novel and improved
medications against viruses due to the advancement of biomedical technologies and pharmacological
evaluations. Phytocompounds including flavonoids, phenolics, alkaloids, lignans, terpenoids and
tannins have been demonstrated to have antiviral properties, particularly against SARS CoV-2. The
present review discusses information on the potential antiviral traditional medicines, medicinally
important plants, their extracts and the specific bioactive compounds present in such plants along
with their mode of action. It also gives an insight regarding the limitations in exploring medicinal
plants for phytocompound antimicrobial drug discovery, and suggests novel and prospective strategies
considering the fact that they are naturally occurring and relatively less harmful with a view to
combating the present pandemic and the ones that may happen in the future.
Design Principles in mHealth Interventions for Sustainable Health Behavior Changes: Protocol for a Systematic Review
Authors: Yang Lin , Kuang Angela , Xu Claire , Shewchuk Brittany , Singh Shaminder , Quan Hude , Zeng Yong 
Published: February 2023

Background
In recent years, mHealth has increasingly been used to deliver behavioral interventions for disease prevention and self-management. Computing power in mHealth tools can provide unique functions beyond conventional interventions in provisioning personalized behavior change recommendations and delivering them in real time, supported by dialogue systems. However, design principles to incorporate these features in mHealth interventions have not been systematically evaluated.

Objective
The goal of this review is to identify best practices for the design of mHealth interventions targeting diet, physical activity, and sedentary behavior. We aim to identify and summarize the design characteristics of current mHealth tools with a focus on the following features: (1) personalization, (2) real-time functions, and (3) deliverable resources.

Methods
We will conduct a systematic search of electronic databases, including MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, PsycINFO, and Web of Science for studies published since 2010. First, we will use keywords that combine mHealth, interventions, chronic disease prevention, and self-management. Second, we will use keywords that cover diet, physical activity, and sedentary behavior. Literature found in the first and second steps will be combined. Finally, we will use keywords for personalization and real-time functions to limit the results to interventions that have reported these design features. We expect to perform narrative syntheses for each of the 3 target design features. Study quality will be evaluated using the Risk of Bias 2 assessment tool.

Results
We have conducted a preliminary search of existing systematic reviews and review protocols on mHealth-supported behavior change interventions. We have identified several reviews that aimed to evaluate the efficacy of mHealth behavior change interventions in a range of populations, evaluate methodologies for assessing mHealth behavior change randomized trials, and assess the diversity of behavior change techniques and theories in mHealth interventions. However, syntheses on the unique features of mHealth intervention design are absent in the literature.

Conclusions
Our findings will provide a basis for developing best practices for designing mHealth tools for sustainable behavior change.

Trial Registration
PROSPERO CRD42021261078; https://tinyurl.com/m454r65t

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
PRR1-10.2196/39093
Digital Health Intervention (SANGYAN Podcast) to Enhance Knowledge Related to COVID-19 and Other Health Conditions: Protocol for an Implementation and Evaluation Study
Authors: Joshi Ashish , Mohan Surapaneni Krishna , Pandya Apurva Kumar , Grover Ashoo , Saggu Sofia Rani , Revathi Saravanavel Kalpana , Sharma Shruti 
Published: February 2023

Background
Podcasts are an unconventional method of disseminating information through audio to the masses. They are an emerging portable technology and a valuable resource that provides unlimited access for promoting health among participants. Podcasts related to health care have been used as a source of medical education, but there is a dearth of studies on the use of podcasts as a source of health information. This study will provide new perspectives by implementing the SANGYAN podcast, which contains information about COVID-19 and other health conditions.

Objective
The study aims to determine the usefulness and effectiveness of the SANGYAN podcast as a digital health intervention to address misinformation related to COVID-19 and other health conditions among individuals in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.

Methods
An implementation and evaluation study will be conducted with 500 participants from the Panimalar Medical College Hospital & Research Institute (PMCHRI) and Rural Health Training Centre in Chennai. Among individuals aged 18 years and older, those residing in the selected urban and rural settings who visit the outpatient department of the PMCHRI and Rural Health Training Centre will be recruited. For participants who consent to the study, their sociodemographic details will be noted and their health literacy will be assessed using the Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Medicine scale. Once the participants have listened to the podcast, the usability, acceptance, and user satisfaction of the podcast will be assessed. Descriptive analysis will be used for continuous variables, and frequency analysis will be used for categorical variables. Bivariate analysis will be conducted to understand the correlation of sociodemographic features in response to perception, usefulness, acceptance, and user satisfaction of the podcast. All analysis will be performed using SPSS (version 24), and the results will be reported with 95% CIs and P<.05.

Results
As of December 2024, the SANGYAN podcast has been launched for voluntary usage in the PMCHRI.

Conclusions
The finding from this research project will aid in the development and implementation of data-driven, evidence-based, and human-centered behavior change interventions using podcasts to address public health challenges among populations living in diverse settings. This would also help in enhancing the acceptability of podcasts as a source of health-related information.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/41175
Community Health Worker Use of Smart Devices for Health Promotion: Scoping Review
Authors: Greuel Merlin , Sy Frithjof , Bärnighausen Till , Adam Maya , Vandormael Alain , Gates Jennifer , Harling Guy 
Published: February 2023

Background
Community health workers (CHWs) have become essential to the promotion of healthy behaviors, yet their work is complicated by challenges both within and beyond their control. These challenges include resistance to the change of existing behaviors, disbelief of health messages, limited community health literacy, insufficient CHW communication skills and knowledge, lack of community interest and respect for CHWs, and CHWs’ lack of adequate supplies. The rising penetration of “smart” technology (eg, smartphones and tablets) in low- and middle-income countries facilitates the use of portable electronic devices in the field.

Objective
This scoping review examines to what extent mobile health in the form of smart devices may enhance the delivery of public health messages in CHW-client interactions, thereby addressing the aforementioned challenges and inducing client behavior change.

Methods
We conducted a structured search of the PubMed and LILACS databases using subject heading terms in 4 categories: technology user, technology device, use of technology, and outcome. Eligibility criteria included publication since January 2007, CHWs delivering a health message aided by a smart device, and face-to-face communication between CHWs and clients. Eligible studies were analyzed qualitatively using a modified version of the Partners in Health conceptual framework.

Results
We identified 12 eligible studies, 10 (83%) of which used qualitative or mixed methods approaches. We found that smart devices mitigate challenges encountered by CHWs by improving their knowledge, motivation, and creativity (eg, through self-made videos); their status within the community; and the credibility of their health messages. The technology stimulated interest in both CHWs and clients—and sometimes even in bystanders and neighbors. Media content produced locally or reflecting local customs was strongly embraced. Yet, the effect of smart devices on the quality of CHW-client interactions was inconclusive. Interactions suffered as CHWs were tempted to replace educational conversations with clients by passively watching video content. Furthermore, a series of technical difficulties experienced especially by older and less educated CHWs compromised some of the advantages brought about by mobile devices. Adequate CHW training ameliorated these difficulties. Only 1 study (8%) considered client health behavior change as an end point, thus revealing a major research gap.

Conclusions
Smart mobile devices may augment CHWs’ field performance and enhance face-to-face interactions with clients, yet they also generate new challenges. The available evidence is scarce, mostly qualitative, and focused on a limited range of health outcomes. Future research should include larger-scale interventions across a wide range of health outcomes and feature client health behavior change as an end point.
Real-Time Detection of Sleep Apnea Based on Breathing Sounds and Prediction Reinforcement Using Home Noises: Algorithm Development and Validation
Authors: Le Vu Linh , Kim Daewoo , Cho Eunsung , Jang Hyeryung , Reyes Roben Delos , Kim Hyunggug , Lee Dongheon , Yoon In-Young , Hong Joonki , Kim Jeong-Whun 
Published: February 2023

Background
Multinight monitoring can be helpful for the diagnosis and management of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). For this purpose, it is necessary to be able to detect OSA in real time in a noisy home environment. Sound-based OSA assessment holds great potential since it can be integrated with smartphones to provide full noncontact monitoring of OSA at home.

Objective
The purpose of this study is to develop a predictive model that can detect OSA in real time, even in a home environment where various noises exist.

Methods
This study included 1018 polysomnography (PSG) audio data sets, 297 smartphone audio data sets synced with PSG, and a home noise data set containing 22,500 noises to train the model to predict breathing events, such as apneas and hypopneas, based on breathing sounds that occur during sleep. The whole breathing sound of each night was divided into 30-second epochs and labeled as “apnea,” “hypopnea,” or “no-event,” and the home noises were used to make the model robust to a noisy home environment. The performance of the prediction model was assessed using epoch-by-epoch prediction accuracy and OSA severity classification based on the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI).

Results
Epoch-by-epoch OSA event detection showed an accuracy of 86% and a macro F1-score of 0.75 for the 3-class OSA event detection task. The model had an accuracy of 92% for “no-event,” 84% for “apnea,” and 51% for “hypopnea.” Most misclassifications were made for “hypopnea,” with 15% and 34% of “hypopnea” being wrongly predicted as “apnea” and “no-event,” respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of the OSA severity classification (AHI≥15) were 0.85 and 0.84, respectively.

Conclusions
Our study presents a real-time epoch-by-epoch OSA detector that works in a variety of noisy home environments. Based on this, additional research is needed to verify the usefulness of various multinight monitoring and real-time diagnostic technologies in the home environment.
THE FORMATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF COLLAGEN LIQUID CRYSTALS FROM SNAKEHEAD FISH SKIN (CHANNA STRIATA)
Authors: AGUSTIN RINI , QALBI AQSHA MUTIA , R. RAHMI NOFITA 
Published: February 2023

Objective: Liquid crystals are special state of matters which have regularity of solid arrangement but had a liquid-like flow characteristics. Collagen is a biopolymer that qualified for requirements as the system of a liquid crystal because it is mesogenic and rigid in a triple-helix section. There are various sources of collagen that have been used; one of them is snakehead fish skin (Channa striata).
Methods: The stages of research were collagen isolation, collagen identification, liquid crystals formation, and characterization. Collagen liquid crystals were formed by lyotropic method using 0.5 M acetic acid and treated with and without sonication at 30, 60, and 80 mg/ml concentrations. The formation of Liquid crystal phase characterized by using Polarization Ligh microscopy.
Results: Mesophase analysis using polarized light microscope showed the presence of cholesteric phase (fingerprint pattern) which seen from the lowest concentration used in this study (30 mg/ml). The increasing of collagen concentration and sonication treatment can trigger the formation of clearly liquid crystal cholesteric phase under polarized light microscope. Infrared spectra of collagen liquid crystals both sonicated or not, showed no change in triple-helix.
Conclusion: The formation of lyotropic liquid crystal of collagen from snakehead fish skin showed the cholesteric pattern without changing the triple-helix collagen structure.
FORMATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MULTICOMPONENT CRYSTAL OF TRIMETHOPRIM AND MANDELIC ACID BY SOLVENT DROP GRINDING METHOD
Authors: FITRIANI LILI , FADINA HUMAIRA , USMAN HENDRIZAL , ZAINI ERIZAL 
Published: February 2023

Objective: To increase the solubility of trimethoprim by forming multicomponent crystals using mandelic acid as a coformer.
Methods: Multicomponent crystals of trimethoprim and mandelic acid were prepared at a ratio of 1:1 mol by the Solvent Drop Grinding (SDG) method. Solid state characterization was carried out using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Powder X-ray Diffraction (PXRD), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), and polarized microscope. The solubility test of trimethoprim was carried out in CO2-free distilled water using a sonicator for 5 min and then determined by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) using acetonitrile and phosphoric acid in a 10:90 ratio as the mobile phase and octadecylsilane (C18) as the stationary phase.
Results: The results showed a decrease in the melting point and enthalpy of fusion on the DSC thermogram, a new peak in the X-ray diffraction pattern, and a slight shift of wave number in the FTIR spectroscopy. Those characterizations indicated that the multicomponent crystal formed a salt type. SEM analysis showed morphological changes and formation of new crystal habits. The polarization microscopy analysis showed birefringent with various colors in all samples. The solubility of multicomponent crystal is 2.73-times higher compared to intact trimethoprim.
Conclusion: The formation of cocrystals of trimethoprim and mandelic acid by SDG method increased the solubility of trimethoprim.
The New Creatures of Difference: A Look at the Concept of Repetition Within Dissipative Systems Theory
Authors: King Robert Drury 
Published: February 2023

Repetition is a major theme in contemporary thought, aligned more with difference and monstrosity than similarity and banality. This paper examines the logic of repetition through its deployment as a critique of the Western philosophical tradition’s understanding of time as temporal succession and examines the development of new concepts of repetition in dissipative systems theory and evolutionary thinking.
Хөдөө тосгоны хараа хÿналтгүй хүүхдүүдийн асран хамгааллын хэлбэр, давуу болон сул тал (Өвөр Монголын Өөртөө Засах Орны Тунляо хотын Баолуншань сум, Найман сум, Ганьчика сумдын жишээгээр)
Authors: Lijuan Lu 
Published: February 2023

The 21st century is the technological and industrial era. In this sense, there are many changes in the way of life of us, the humanity and causing many problems. This problem hasn’t skipped the life of rural people in the People’s Republic of China. Homeless children is one of the important burning problems, they face.
I have made research based on Baolongshan soum, Ganqika soum and Naiman soum of Tongliao city of the Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region. because there are many problems such as parents leave their children with their grandparents, siblings, friends, and neighbors to work elsewhere, parents don’t pay enough attention on their children’s education and they are not able to help their children which can lead to conflicts and misunderstandings between their children and caregivers.
Nutritional and General Awareness of Vitamin D Status among Adult Population in Sulaymaniyah Governorate, Kurdistan Region, Iraq: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Mohammed Salih Reder Rafiq , Shakor Fadhluddin Nasruddin , Ali Dalia Ardal , Salih Rashid Rafiq Mohammed 
Published: February 2023

The health benefits of vitamin D are widely acknowledged by scientific and public health specialists. In Iraq, vitamin D deficiency and inadequacy are highly prevalent. However, public knowledge on this problem is scarce. This research aimed to evaluate the participants' knowledge about vitamin D, particularly their nutrition-related understanding and behavior, along with their overall attitude toward sun exposure. A descriptive cross-sectional survey of Iraqi adults over 18 was performed with a collection of serum 25(OH)D result between June and September 2022. The observed serum vitamin D indicated that only 25% of the participant had healthy (>30 ng/ml) vitamin D levels. The majority of participants, 90.9%, were aware of vitamin D. Media and primary health care centers were major vitamin D information sources (57.3 and 32%, respectively). Despite believing sunshine is the principal source of vitamin D (90.2%), respondents lacked understanding about the duration (26.3%) and frequency (30%) of sun exposure. In addition, less than 10% of individuals attributed vitamin D shortage to kidney and liver problems, fat malabsorption, obesity, and bariatric surgery. Nevertheless, more than two-thirds (83.3%) of participants defined the positive role of vitamin D in preventing osteoporosis and immune system strengthening (61%). Furthermore, nutritional awareness among the participants was variable. Approximately, 75% misrepresented the percentage of vitamin D supplied by food, over 50% believed that fruit and vegetables are vitamin D sources, 43% of vegetarians are not at risk for vitamin D deficiency, and rather plants considered (70.3%) as an approach to lessen vitamin D deficiency. Additionally, optimal daily intake was recognized by only 10%. Similarly, only 18.3% was aware of the optimal level of serum vitamin D. Notably, 54% was entirely ignorant of the benefits of dietary fortification. Although 55% of the surveyed population used vitamin D supplements, and 76% acknowledged it through their doctor's recommendation, exceeding two-thirds incorrectly anticipated that drinking tea would impair vitamin D absorption. Therefore, 90% would buy supplements without a prescription if needed. Implementing nutrition education initiatives, encouraging healthy lifestyles, and supporting vitamin D examination should be included in Iraq's health care system.
Pengaruh variasi komposisi limbah industri kelapa sawit terhadap pertumbuhan dan fekunditas lalat Tentara Hitam (Hermatia illucens L.)
Authors: Lamin Syafrina , Abrar Arfan , Fauzana Yuni 
Published: February 2023

Produksi industri kelapa sawit setiap tahun mengalami peningkatan sehinga menyebabkan limbah yang dihasilkan juga meningkat. Meningkatnya produksi pengolahan kelapa sawit maka dapat meningkat limbah yang dihasilkan karena semakin banyak TBS yang diolah maka jumlah volume yang dihasilkan semakin banyak sehingga dapat menyebabkan dampak negatif karena mengandung nilai Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) cukup tinggi dan mengeluarkan bau menyengat. salah satu untuk mengurangi limbah industri kelapa sawit adalah dengan mengggunakan lalat H. illucens karena salah satu agen biokonversi limbah organik yang paling potensi karena larva H. illucens memiliki kemampuan untuk mengkonsumsi berbagai media limbah organik menjadi sumber nutrisi untuk pertumbuhannya. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 3 media pemeliharaan dengan masing-masing perlakuan dilakukan ulangan sebanyak 10 kali dengan variable pengamatan pengukuran pertumbuhan maggot, faktor fisik (suhu, pH dan kadar air) dan fekunditas H. illucens. Hasil pengaruh dedak terfermentasi dan komposisi media limbah sawit terhadap komposisi sawit terhadap pertumbuhan maggot H. illucens setelah dilakukan analisis Anova tenyata memberikan pengaruh beda nyata dan tidak nyata terhadap panjang, lebar dan bobot maggot. Sedangkan pada fekunditas H. illucens setelah dianalisis Anova ternyata memberikan pengaruh beda nyata terhadap produksi telur yang dihasilkan. Kesimpulan yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini yaitu Pertumbuhan Maggot H. illucens yang paling tertinggi terdapat pada umur 31 hari yang terdapat pada P2 sedangkan pertumbuhan maggot yang rendah terdapat pada umur 10 hari yang terdapat pada P0 dan Jumlah produksi telur yang paling tertinggi terdapat pada P1= 0.63 gram dan jumlah produksi telur yang paling rendah terdapat pada P0= 0.37 gram.
Does Feedback Seeking Always Improve Performance? Investigating the Roles of Feedback Seeking Content and Frequency in Determining Goal Achievement and Behavior-Related Performance
Authors: Rabbani Mohammadmahdi , Alavi Seyyed Babak 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We investigated the direct relationship between feedback seeking behavior (FSB) and performance, considering two dimensions of FSB (frequency and content) and two types of performance (goal achievement and behavior-related performance). The purpose is to identify new explanations for the inconclusive results of the direct relationship reported in the literature. FSB is important during performance conversations, which are critical for the effectiveness of performance management. Data from a sample of 306 employees were gathered from two distinct sources on three occasions. Our data were analyzed using the hierarchical regression method. The relationship between FSB frequency and goal achievement was statistically significant. The diagnostic FSB content was positively related to individual work performance (IWP), representing behavior-related performance. We identified no similar relationship with other types of FSB content. This paper provides evidence that while a direct relationship between FSB and performance may not generally exist, it depends on the type of FSB content and expected types of performance. Organizations can use the results to improve the effectiveness of FSB.