bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance Assessments of Gate Engineered Dopingless Schottky Tunnel MOSFET in presence of Interfacial Trap Charges
Authors: SOM ARNAB , Jana Sanjay 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The most notable accumulation of trap charges occurs on the oxide/semiconductor interface of MOS devices and it degrades the device's performance and reliability. In this literature, we proposed a gate-engineered Schottky tunneling MOSFET(GE-ST-MOSFET) for ON state performance improvement, and a detailed analysis of the effects of interface trap charges (ITCs) on the DC characteristics and analog/RF performance metrics have been analyzed. In this device, the electrostatically doping-based dopant segregation layer (DSL) is introduced at the source side in the channel end by the Tunneling Gate (TG). A comparative study between the proposed GE-ST-MOSFET and conventional Schottky tunneling MOSFET(ST-MOSFET) has been carried out in presence of interface trap charges at the HfO2/Si interface. A significant improvement in ION and ION/IOFF ratio has been achieved 563× and 1472× respectively in the GE-ST-MOSFET in comparison with the ST-MOSFET. To analyze the linearity behavior, higher order transconductance parameters are also studied considering the effect of ITCs. Furthermore, the circuit level performances of both devices are analyzed using the Verilog-A based models. The effect of OFF current variation on switching performance has been investigated. It has been found that the average switching delay and Power Delay Product (PDP) have improved by 97% and 81% respectively in comparison to the conventional device-based inverter. The GE-ST-MOSFET-based circuit also shows better immunity to interface trap charges. In addition, the implementation of the electrostatically doping concept for the proposed device could make fabrication very simple.
Energy Economy Analysis on the Vehicle Driving Decision: Eco-driving Behavior Assessment of Vehicle
Authors: zhou shijie , jiang lai , liu hailing , hu zhipeng , ma jun 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Eco-driving behavior has been recommended around the world because the transport is a key factor of energy use and pollution emissions. Therefore, based on the driving decision model, this paper introduces three aspects of the driving decisions (strategic decision, tactical decision and operation decision) to analyze the economy of vehicle energy. The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is used to assign the weight of the internal evaluation indexes, so as to form a complete as-sessment for the driver's eco-driving behavior. The research result can not only quantitatively de-scribe the energy-saving effect of driver's decisions, but also put forward targeted driving sug-gestions to optimize drivers' ecological behaviors. This assessment model helps to clarify the po-tential of eco-driving on energy economy of transportation in a hierarchical way, and provides a valuable theoretical basis for the further promotion and application of eco-driving education.
Prevalence of occupational blood and body fluid exposure among clinical nurses in China: A nationwide cross-sectional survey
Authors: ZHANG Haixia , CHEN Meiling , WANG Lijuan , LIU Zhijuan , ZHANG Yanhua , LI Jing , ZHONG Pin , JIANG Rongmeng 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: Nurses have a high prevalence of occupational blood and body fluid exposure (OBBE). However, the estimated OBBE prevalence among clinical nurses is rarely reported in mainland China.
Aim: To assess the current OBBE prevalence and impact factors among clinical nurses in mainland China.
Methods: A nationwide cross-sectional survey was conducted among clinical nurses in mainland China between February 2019 and February 2020. Demographic characteristics, prevalence of OBBE, reporting and treatment information were collected.
Results: A total of 21,106 clinical nurses from 364 hospitals completed the questionnaire. The prevalence of OBBE was 52.1%, and 65.3% as reported to their hospitals after an OBBE accident. The risk for OBBE was significantly higher in those who had longer daily work hours (p<0.001). Nurses working in infectious disease specialist hospitals were less likely to experience OBBE than those in general hospitals [OR (95% CI): 0.77 (0.72–0.82), p<0.001]. The lack of implementation of standard prevention at work [OR (95% CI): 1.76 (1.63–1.90), p<0.001] and the absence of annual training on occupational exposure knowledge [OR (95% CI): 1.26 (1.13–1.41), p<0.001] significantly increased the risk for OBBE. In the subgroup analysis, the reporting and treatment after OBBE was significantly better in tertiary hospitals than in secondary and primary hospitals (p<0.001).
Conclusions: The prevalence of occupational blood and body fluid exposure among nurses in mainland China was high. A detailed and complete reporting and treatment procedure of OBBE is required to be established and implemented in all hospitals.
Diagnostic accuracy of the faecal immunochemical test highest in the 40–49 age group
Authors: zhao kailong , wang shuyuan , yuan zhen , pang wenwen , yan suying , liu xinyu , wang wanting , yi ben , han qiurong , yao yao , liu yanfei , chu tianhao , feng zhiqiang , zhang qinghuai , zhang xipeng , zhang chunze 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers and is associated with high incidence and mortality rates around the world. It has brought tremendous losses to human health and wealth. Young adults are experiencing a rise in the incidence and mortality of colorectal carcinoma. Early detection and prevention of cancer are made possible through screening. At present, the faecal immunochemical test (FIT) is a noninvasive method that can be used for large-scale clinical screening of CRC status. Therefore, this study, based on colorectal cancer screening results in Tianjin from 2012 to 2020, was conducted to analyse the major differences in diagnostic performance parameters according to sex and age.
Methods: This study was based on 89652 colonoscopies performed in the Tianjin CRC screening program from 2012 to 2020. Of these, 39991 had complete FIT and colonoscopy results. The differences in FIT results were analysed by sex and age.
Results: According to this study, males were generally more likely to develop CRC than females, and the prevalence increased with age. FIT-negative males were more likely to have advanced colorectal neoplasms than females with positive results. The accuracy of detecting advanced colorectal cancer (AN )by FIT in each age group was 54.9%, 45.4%, 48.6%, and 49.5% in the 40-49, 50-59, 60-69, and ≥70 age groups, respectively.
Conclusions: The accuracy of the FIT was the highest in the 40-49-year-old age group. Our research can provide guidance to formulate CRC screening strategies.
A Statistical Model for Predicting Tropical Cyclone Intensity in North Indian Ocean (NIO)
Authors: Sahoo Upendra Kumar , Ghosh Tirthankar 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
A tropical cyclone (TC) is a rapidly rotating atmospheric system which has a low-pressure center, namely an eye, strong winds and a spiral arrangement of thunderstorms that produces heavy rain and causes severe destruction. Every year TC of the Northern Indian Ocean (NIO) basin affect South-eastern and South-western India significantly. Supper cyclone (1999), Mala (2006), Gonu (2007), Nargis (2008), Aila (2009), Giri (2010), Phailin (2013), Hudhud (2014), Fani (2019), Pabuk (2019), Amphan (2020), Yaas (2021) are the few such cyclones which affected the Indian coastal region at large extent. Therefore, reliable forecasts of these events are very essential. It is the intensity, maximum wind speed of a storm which causes damages to properties and lives. Therefore, along with track, intensity prediction of TCs should also be emphasized. In this study, a simple statistical model is proposed for predicting the intensity of cyclones over the Northern Indian Ocean basin with very few numbers of climatological predictors. The model parameters are estimated from the cyclone database that is developed over the NIO basin during the period 2001-2019. Minimum Sea level Pressure (MSLP), Sea Surface Temperature(SST), Initial Tropical Cyclone Intensity(ITCI) and Intensity Change During 12 hours(IC12) are selected as the predictors in the model. The model was fitted for dependent samples of 60 tropical cyclones and tested for independent samples of 15 tropical cyclones forecast up to 72 hours.The mean absolute errors (MAE) and root mean square errors (RMSE) of cyclones during 2001 to 2016 are less than 2 and 3 knots respectively for the forecast hour from 12h to 72h. When the model tested with the cyclones formed in the year 2017-2019, mean absolute error and root mean square error are found less than 7 knots and 9 knots for forecast hour from 12h to 72h. The results indicate suitability of the model for the operational use.
Multi-Modal and Adaptive Control of Human-Robot Interaction through Hierarchical Quadratic Programming
Authors: Tassi Francesco , Ajoudani Arash 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This paper proposes a novel Hierarchical Quadratic Programming (HQP)-based framework that enables multi-tasking control under multiple Human-Robot Interaction (HRI) scenarios. The objective is to create a unique framework for various types of HRI control modalities, avoiding the necessity of switching between different controllers that are usually tailored to a specific task. To achieve this, we firstly propose a HQP-based hybrid Cartesian/joint space impedance control formulation. This is based on the system's dynamics and provides an adaptive compliance behaviour during HRI, while performing hierarchical motion control. This is validated through a series of experiments that show the accuracy of trajectory tracking and the variable compliance behaviour. We then consider the case in which the human needs to move the robot by acting directly onto it, by proposing a hybrid admittance/impedance hierarchical control, which is then validated through several experiments in which the human moves the robot in the workspace. Next, we formulate a HQP-based force controller for HRI applications in which a specific interaction force must be maintained and lastly, we extend this to simultaneous force and trajectory tracking for applications that need higher position accuracy. Further experiments are conducted, to validate the proposed framework, using a redundant mobile manipulator. Overall, we obtain a single multi-purpose HQP-based control framework, that can switch continuously between interaction modes, enclosing multiple behaviours adjusted online based on the type of interaction.
Adaptedness of Wick Product on Guichardet-Fock Space
Authors: Zhang Jihong , Sun Xiaochun 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we construct creation and annihilation operators on Guichardet-Fock spaces F and obtain a commuation relations and s−adapted characters about two operators. It is also shown that a Wick-type product can be defined on F and moreover ε (S) ∈ F forms a commutative algebra with the product. Finally, we proof the Wick-type product is also s−adapted operator.
Utilizing photonic band gap in triangular silicon carbide structures for efficient quantum nanophotonic hardware
Authors: Saha Pranta , Majety Sridhar , Radulaski Marina 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Silicon carbide is among the leading quantum information material platforms due to the long spin coherence and single-photon emitting properties of its color center defects. Applications of silicon carbide in quantum networking, computing, and sensing rely on the efficient collection of color center emission into a single optical mode. Recent hardware development in this platform has focused on angle-etching processes that preserve emitter properties and produce triangularly shaped devices. However, little is known about the light propagation in this geometry. We explore the formation of photonic band gap in structures with a triangular cross-section, which can be used as a guiding principle in developing efficient quantum nanophotonic hardware in silicon carbide. Furthermore, we propose applications in three areas: the TE-pass filter, the TM-pass filter, and the highly reflective photonic crystal mirror, which can be utilized for efficient collection and propagating mode selection of light emission.
Psychological Distress among Medical Undergraduate Students in Pakistan Addicted to Online Multiplayer Games: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Aziz Arshad , Ayub Ayaz , Ullah Ihsan , Husain Jawad 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Introduction: Online gaming addiction has alarmingly emerged as a behavioral problem that is associated with serious implications ranging from psychosomatic issues to suicidal and homicidal tendencies. Psychological distress is among the list of its adverse effects, which is entirely treatable. Reasons and psychological distress due to online gaming addiction can be tackled if considered from a public health aspect.
Materials and Methods: An analytical cross-sectional approach was employed using a proportionate randomized sampling technique to recruit 317 participants from 6 sister institutes affiliated with Khyber Medical University (KMU), Peshawar over a period of 6 months from May 2021 to November 2021. Information pertaining to the objectives was collected using two pre-tested validated questionnaires; the Compulsive Internet Gaming Use Scale (CIUS) and Internet Gaming Disorder Test (IGDT – 10). Analysis of the data was made with SPSS version 26.0 and presented as tables, graphs, and figures.
Results: This study found psychological distress from internet gaming disorder (IGD) in 7.6% of the study pool with a mean age of 21.08 ± 1.17 years with 68.1% males and 31.9% females. Among the study participants, 17.0% were married, 79.8% were financially dependent, 9.1% showed a history of substance abuse, and 63.4% kept outdoor hobbies. The mean duration of gaming among those screened positive with IGD was 54.58 ± 14.01 hours per week, the mean CIUS score was 28.42 ± 3.78, mean IGDT score was 2.18 ± 1.09. 18.0% of participants had online gaming addiction while 42.11% showed psychological distress from online gaming addiction. A strongly positive correlation was established between psychological distress and online gaming addiction (r = 0.955, p < 0.001).
Conclusions: This study concluded a strong positive association between psychological distress in undergraduate health sciences students and their online gaming addiction. Owing to these findings, relevant changes to the existing policy on the online gaming industry in Pakistan is recommended.
An Examination for the Intersection of Two Ruled Surfaces
Authors: Karaca Emel 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In this study, firstly, each natural lift curve of the main curve is corresponded to the ruled surface by exploitting E. Study mapping and the relation among the subset of the tangent bundle of unit 2-sphere, TM¯ and ruled surfaces in IR3. Secondly, the intersection of two ruled surfaces, which are obtained by using the relation given above, is examined for the condition of the zero-set of λ(u,v)=0. Then, all redundant and non-redundant solutions of the zero-set are investigated. Furthermore, the degenerate situations (u,v)=0, where the whole plane is degenerated by the zero-set,, are denoted. Finally, some examples are given to verify the results.
Mathematics Subject Classification (2010). 11B83; 11B37; 05A15.
Spatiotemporal Prediction of Light Pollution Using Remote Sensing Datasets on Conservation Areas
Authors: Riza Lala Septem , Putra Zulfikar Ali Yunara , Firdaus Muhammad Fajar Yusuf , Trihutama Fajar Zuliansyah , Izzuddin Ahmad , Utama Judhistira Aria , Samah Khyrina Airin Fariza Abu , Herdiwijaya Dhani , NQZ Rinto Anugraha , Mumpuni Emanuel Sungging 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Artificial light at night is one significant threat to protected areas from urbanization (ALAN). As urbanization continues to grow in Indonesia, there is a need for forecasting future light pollution and ALAN for the protected areas in Indonesia. To fulfill this need, we are aimed to design a computational model and its implementation to forecast light pollution in nine protected areas in Indonesia via spatiotemporal modeling using linear models. In this study, in general, there are four steps to predict spatial-temporal light pollution, namely (i) data collection, (ii) data pre-processing, (iii) model and prediction of population, and (iv) model and prediction of light pollution. Two critical data must be provided: population data from the review area and light pollution data generated by the Earth Observations Group (EOG) at NOAA/NCEI. We are using nine conservation areas in Indonesia, namely the Kuningan Botanical Gardens, Bosscha Observatory, Timau Kupang National Observatory, Sermo Reservoir, Mount Batur Geopark, Sewu Mountains Geopark, Mount Rinjani Geopark, Lake Toba Geopark, and Belitong Geopark. The developed model involves a linear model to predict artificial light at night with spatial-temporal modeling. Through the fitting stage, the average RMSE in 2020, 2021, and 2021 was obtained, namely 0.079, 0.097, 0.071, respectively. Moreover, long-term predictions for the next 20 years have been conducted as well.
Analysis of factors influencing the quality of life and anxiety among quarantined individuals in different places during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Wang Ting , Xiao Yongkang , Min Yuan , Shu Shouhong , Deng Yinghu 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Since March 2022, Shanghai, China, has been affected by a severe outbreak of COVID-19, which has caused tens of thousands of people to become ill. To prevent and control this disease, Shanghai has implemented strict isolation measures, including arrangements for isolation of individuals in close contact, at isolation shelters in Tongling City, Anhui Province. Isolation may have significantly affected the quality of life and psychological status of such individuals. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the quality of life and anxiety of people isolated in different shelters during the COVID-19 pandemic and to analyze the influencing factors.
Methods
This is a cross-sectional study. An online survey was conducted from April 20 to May 10, 2022. A total of 279 people in close contact with an isolation shelter in Tongling City, Anhui Province, participated in the survey. The quality of life was assessed using the Quality of Life Scale (SF-12), and anxiety status was assessed using the SAS. The study used descriptive analysis, t-tests, analysis of variance, and generalized linear regression analysis to test the factors influencing quality of life and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as the correlation between the two.
Results
The survey results showed that isolation days and marital status affected psychological and physical aspects, respectively. Age above 40 years was an independent risk factor for PCS, education was a protective factor for psychological status, and low quality of life directly led to an increase in anxiety levels.
Conclusion
During the pandemic, with infected individuals in close contact were isolated at shelters in other places. Reduction in the quality of life can lead to an increase in the anxiety levels of the population. We should pay attention to the age and education levels of individuals in isolation and take response measures to improve the health status of the isolated population.
Bleeding after Ultrasound-Guided Percutaneous Transhepatic Biliary Drainage in Patients with Coagulopathy: A Single Center Experience
Authors: Su Liya , Zhuang Bowen , Li Li , Lu Mingde , Kuang Ming , Xie Xiaohua , Xie Xiaoyan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
To compare the rate of bleeding for ultrasound-guided Percutaneous Transhepatic Biliary Drainage (PTBD) in patients with coagulopathy to that in patients with normal coagulation.
Methods
This retrospective study included a total of 837 patients who underwent PTBDs from January 2016 to December 2017. The latest coagulation parameters before PTBD were acquired in all patients. The incidence of PTBD-related bleeding was determined, and the association between bleeding and coagulopathy was evaluated. Coagulopathy referred to elevated INR (International Normalized Ratio, > 1.5) or thrombocytopenia (Platelet or PLT < 50×109/L). In this study, highest value of INR was 3.67 and lowest value of PLT was 31×109/L.
Results
Overall, 32of 837 patients (3.8%) experienced bleeding, 28 (3.3%) for mild bleeding and 4 (0.5%) for severe bleeding. Incidence of bleeding in patients with abnormal PLT and INR values wasn’t significantly different from those in patients with normal PLT (p = 0.769) and INR (p = 0.511). No bleeding was detected in patients with thrombocytopenia. Three cases of mild bleeding were observed in patients with INR > 1.5 (n = 60), no severe bleeding was detected. Impaired coagulopathy function was not found in patients with severe bleeding. Age (p = 0.152), gender (p = 0.094) and underlying diseases (p = 0.318) didn’t correlate significantly with the incidence or severity of PTBD-related bleeding.
Conclusions
In our study, patients with thrombocytopenia (30×109/L < PLT < 50×109/L) or increased INR (> 1.5) didn’t suffer from higher incidence of or more severe bleeding after PTBD.
Reusable Algorithmic Skeleton Framework for Clustering Algorithms in Wireless Sensor Network (SCW)
Authors: Taheri Hoda , Savadi Abdorreza , Abrishami Saeid 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), clustering is often used to improve communication and routing. Therefore, clustering approaches highly attract several researchers since performing clustering saves energy, and energy efficiency is a significant goal in WSN. To beneficially adopt WSN technology, efficient application development is necessary. Therefore, a user-friendly programming abstraction is required to simplify the programming chore without sacrificing efficiency. Using suitable higher-level programming abstraction, it is neither obligatory for a programmer to be an expert in most fields related to WSN nor to be distracted from the application logic by focusing on low-level system issues. To ease the development of new clustering algorithms, a prefabricated algorithmic skeleton, namely SCW, is presented which only requires two functions to be filled in, i.e., to be implemented. The rest of the work (e.g., synchronization, sensing the environment, data aggregation, nodes’ energy calculations, and routing) will be handled by the proposed framework. Hence, SCW has the capability of performing a level of optimization in the background without user interference. By considering software metrics such as Lines of Code (LoC), Halstead metrics, and McCabe complexity while employing the proposed framework, one can implement a WSN clustering algorithm with fewer source lines of code, less programming effort, and difficulty, less time to understand and implement when compared to a built-from-scratch implementation. Although this algorithmic skeleton framework is proposed for implementation, to show its efficiency in this paper, we use the simulation environment.
New iterations of the best proximity point with convergence rates
Authors: Haddadi Mohammad Reza 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
‎Let (A, B) be a nonempty pair of disjoint subsets of a Banach space X‎. ‎It is well-known that if (A, B) be a bounded‎, ‎closed and convex pair in a uniformly convex‎ ‎Banach space X, ‎then every cyclic contraction mapping has a unique best proximity point‎. ‎The main purpose of this paper is to study the convergence of best proximity points for cyclic contraction mappings in the setting‎ ‎of uniformly convex Banach spaces‎. ‎Hence‎, ‎we consider the Mann and Ishikawa iteration schemes‎ ‎and obtain many of strong convergence results of the best proximity point for the cyclic contraction mapping in the‎ ‎uniformly convex Banach spaces‎. ‎To this end‎, ‎we consider a numerical example is presented to support the main result and we compare‎ ‎the convergence behavior of iterations‎.
2010 Mathematics Subject Classification: 90C48, 47H09, 46B20