bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feeding Practices of Preterm Low Birthweight Infants Up to 6 Months: A Comparison Between Kangaroo and Conventional Care
Authors: Romão Rejane Sousa , Souza Rayany Cristina , Medeiros Eliziane Santos , Pires Priscilla Larissa Silva , Pereira Leandro Alves , Azevedo Vivian Mara Gonçalves de Oliveira , Rinaldi Ana Elisa Madalena 
Published: April 2023

Objective:
The objective of this study is to compare feeding practices of low birthweight (LBW) infants, according to type of care received during and after hospital discharge: Kangaroo Care (KC) and Conventional Care (CC).

Methods:
Prospective cohort study was conducted at a university hospital (Brazil) between 2019 and 2021. The sample consisted of 65 LBW infants (weight ≤ 1800 g)—46 in KC and 19 in CC. KC includes breastfeeding (BF) guidance and support to parents at hospital and after discharge. Data collection was performed at hospital discharge, and at the 4th and 6th month of corrected gestational age (CGA). Consumption of 27 foods was analyzed in the last 2 periods of the follow-up and expressed in relative frequency. Three indicators were analyzed: exclusive breastfeeding (EBF), mixed BF, and introduction of liquid and solid foods.

Results:
Groups had similar health characteristics, except for the weight at hospital discharge and the Score for Neonatal Acute Physiology – Perinatal (SNAPPE II) score that were lower in KC group. We found higher frequency of EBF among KC at hospital discharge (CC = 5.3% vs KC = 47.8%; P = 0.001). The higher frequency of mixed BF was observed in KC at 4 months of CGA (CC = 5.6% vs KC = 35.0%; P = 0.023), and at 6 months of CGA (CC = 0.0% vs KC = 24.4%; P = 0.048). Consumption of solid foods (4th month of CGA = 25.9%, 6th month of CGA = 91.2%) and liquids (4th month of CGA = 77.6%, 6th month of CGA = 89.5%) were similar between groups.

Conclusions:
In KC, SNAPPE II scores were lower and frequency of EBF was higher at hospital discharge and frequency of mixed BF was higher over 6 months. Early supply of infant formula, liquid and solid foods were similar in both groups.
Performance and acceptability of the Stressful Life Events Screening Questionnaire in a chronic pain population: a mixed-methods study
Authors: Linnemørken Lene Therese Bergerud , Stangeland Helle , Reme Silje Endresen , Stensland Synne Øien 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Introduction:
Pain-related fear, anxiety, and avoidance may play key roles in the chronification of pain and related disability. For practitioners, knowledge about the source or drivers of these fears, including patients' exposure to potentially traumatic events (PTEs) and related posttraumatic stress symptoms, could be particularly helpful in guiding their treatment approach.

Objectives:
We aimed to investigate whether the use of a brief screening for PTEs could help inform chronic pain treatment.

Methods:
The performance and acceptability of the Stressful Life Events Screening Questionnaire (SLESQ) was assessed among 567 adult patients (59% women, mean age 48.1 years) meeting at a hospital outpatient pain clinic. The sensitivity, specificity, and 20 months temporal stability of the SLESQ, assessing exposure to 14 specific trauma types followed by a 15th item capturing exposure to “other events,” were assessed through digital administration and follow-up interviews with 55 participants. The qualitative responses of 158 participants reporting exposure to “other events” were reviewed and assessed based on fulfillment of the A Criterion for traumatic events in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition. The acceptability of the SLESQ was assessed in clinical interviews with 12 participants.

Results:
The SLESQ demonstrated acceptable sensitivity (70.0%), high specificity (94.9%), and moderate temporal stability (κ = 0.66, P < 0.001). Participants' qualitative elaborations of “other events” were largely (76.3%) consistent with Criterion A events. The screening was well accepted and welcomed.

Conclusion:
The results indicate that the use of a brief screening for potential trauma may be helpful to guide clinical practice in chronic pain settings.
Multidisciplinary Strategies With Real-Time Fluorescence Images and Negative Pressure Wound Therapy to Manage Organ/Space Surgical Site Infection in Transplanted Kidneys
Authors: Chen Chih-Heng , Lee Yi-Ching , Wu Yi-Chun , Lee Chi-Hung , Tsai Yuan-Jen , Liu Yung-Ching , Chen Yu-Han , Wang Fu-Yu , Chang Shun-Cheng 
Published: April 2023

Background
Surgical site infection (SSI) after kidney transplantation can severely compromise graft function and prolong hospital stay. Organ/space SSI (osSSI) is a severe type of SSI associated with a significantly higher mortality rate.

Aims and Objectives
This study aims to provide new strategies of managing (osSSI) after kidney transplant and other high-risk wound infections.

Method
This is a single-center, retrospective study that analyzed the treatment outcomes of 4 patients who developed osSSI after kidney transplant at Shuang-Ho Hospital. The management strategy included real-time fluorescence imaging with MolecuLight, negative-pressure wound therapy (NPWT) with Si-Mesh, and incisional NPWT (iNPWT).

Result
The average length of hospital stay was 18 days (range, 12–23 days). During hospitalization, all patients obtained high-quality debridement under real-time fluorescence image confirmation. The average duration of NPWT was 11.8 days (range, 7–17 days) and iNPWT was 7 days. All transplanted kidneys were preserved with normal function after 6 months of follow-up.

Conclusions
Our strategies with real-time fluorescence imaging provide a novel and effective method that can be used in adjunct with the standard of care for managing osSSI after kidney transplantation. More studies are warranted to validate the efficacy of our approach.
Comparison of LeniScar Silicone Stick (AnsCare) With Traditional Silicone Gel (Dermatix Ultra) in Wound Scar Prevention and Removal
Authors: Ma Yu-Kun , Lin Shang-Hsi , Lin Yu-Hsien 
Published: April 2023

Background
As we all know, the numbers of aesthetic surgery are increasing around the world. After the surgery, the scar would be a problematic issue for both the surgeons and the patients. Silicone has proven to be effective for keloids, hypertrophic scars, and prevention of scar formation in many literatures for a long time. In terms of scar prevention, silicone has been used in the form of silicone sheets in early times, which is later improved to be the form of silicone gel with the advantage of easier usage. Although silicone gel has improved greatly in the aspect of appearance and convenience of the silicone sheets, there are still some disadvantages of the gel form. Therefore, the LeniScar silicone stick (AnsCare) is invented.

Objective
This article aimed to compare the results of scar treatment and prevention of the AnsCare LeniScar Silicone Stick versus the traditional silicone gel (Dermatix Ultra).

Methods
This study was a prospective, nonblinded, randomized clinical study. There were a total of 68 patients from September 2018 to January 2020. Patients were divided into 2 groups with AnsCare (n = 43) and Dermatix (n = 25), who both were required to schedule regular outpatient clinic follow-up, and photographs were taken before use, 1, 2, and 3 months later after the usage for the record. The physician assessed the scar condition by the Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS). The scores of the VSS were further analyzed and compared.

Results
The overall P value of total score of VSS was 0.635, which indicates that there is no significant difference in using AnsCare LeniScar Silicone Stick versus Dermatix Ultra silicone gel in terms of scar prevention and treatment. Individual items of VSS such as pliability, height, vascularity, and pigmentation all show no significant statistical difference in the 2 treatment products, with P = 0.980, 0.778, 0.528, and 0.366, respectively.

Conclusion
Traditional Dermatix Ultra silicone gel has been effective in the treatment of scar formation. AnsCare LeniScar Silicone Stick is statistically not different from the Dermatix Ultra silicone gel when comparing the treatment results of scar prevention. Furthermore, the AnsCare LeniScar Silicone Stick has the advantages of being time-saving with no need to wait for it to dry and application of precise amount to precise location, preventing waste or overuse.
Discharge Opioid Over- and Underprescription to Patients after General Surgery: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Guan Lucy S , Langnas Erica , Bongiovanni Tasce , Campbell Liam J , Wick Elizabeth C , Guan Zhonghui 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Although postoperative opioid overprescription has been well-studied, little is known about opioid underprescription. This study aims to determine the extent of improper discharge opioid prescription in patients undergoing general surgery procedures.

Study Design:
This retrospective cohort study investigated opioid-naïve adult patients who underwent inpatient general surgery at an academic medical center between June 2012 and December 2019. The primary outcome was the difference between individual patient’s inpatient daily oral morphine milligram equivalent (MME) 24 hours before discharge and patient’s prescribed daily MME at discharge. Data were analyzed using chi-square, Mann-Whitney, Wilcoxon and Kruskal-Wallis tests and multivariable logistic regression.

Results:
Among 5,531 patients, 58.1% had opioid overprescription and 22.4% had opioid underprescription. Median prescribed daily MME was 311% of median inpatient daily MME in over-prescribed patients and 56.3% of median inpatient daily MME in under-prescribed patients. About half (52.3%) of patients who consumed no opioids on the day before discharge were opioid over-prescribed, and 69.9% of patients who required inpatient daily opioid of > 100 MME were opioid under-prescribed. Opioid under-prescribed patients had an increased opioid refill rate 1-30 days after discharge, whereas opioid over-prescribed patients had an increased refill rate 31-60 days after discharge. From 2017 to 2019, the percentage of over-prescribed patients decreased by 35.8%, but the percentage of under-prescribed patients increased by 42.4%.

Conclusion:
Although avoiding postoperative opioid overprescription remains imperative, preventing postoperative opioid underprescription is also essential. We recommend using a patient-centered approach to match the daily dose of opioid prescription with each patient’s inpatient daily opioid consumption.
The Impact of Midodrine On Guideline-Directed Medical Therapy in Patients Admitted with Systolic Heart Failure
Authors: Scoma Christopher B , Lee Dae Hyun , Money David , Eichelberger Gerry , Usmani Ahsan , Cohen Adam J , Fernandez Joel 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundMidodrine is occasionally used off-label to treat hypotension associated with advanced heart failure. Its association with changes in prescription of guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) has not previously been evaluated.ObjectivesWe sought to evaluate the clinical characteristics and GDMT prescriptions of heart failure patients who were prescribed midodrine.MethodsWe performed a retrospective cohort study identifying all patients admitted to our hospital in 2020 with decompensated systolic heart failure who were prescribed midodrine upon discharge. They were compared to decompensated systolic heart failure patients who were not prescribed midodrine. Baseline characteristics, GDMT adjustments, and clinical outcomes were collected.Results114 patients met inclusion criteria in the midodrine group and were compared to 358 patients in the control group. At baseline, the midodrine group had worse left ventricular function, more right ventricular dysfunction, and more severe heart failure symptoms. At 6-months, the midodrine group had more initiation or up-titration of beta blockers (24.6% vs.15.4%; p=0.035), renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibitors (34.2% vs. 24.0%; p=0.043) and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) (19.3% vs.10.6%; p=0.024) compared to the non-midodrine group, with a similar pattern for MRA (mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists) prescriptions (17.5% vs. 11.5%; p=0.126). Mortality was not statistically different between the two groups, but the midodrine group had more frequent re-hospitalization for heart failure (39.5% vs. 25.4%; p=0.006).ConclusionsMidodrine is frequently prescribed to patients presenting with systolic heart failure; the patients given midodrine tended to have more advanced heart failure and worse 6-month clinical outcomes. However, the patients who were prescribed midodrine achieved better initiation and up-titration of GDMT at 6 months compared to those who were not prescribed midodrine. Future prospective clinical trials are warranted to confirm these findings and determine if this translates to improved clinical outcomes.
The role of hnRNP A3 on age-related increased expression of FIX in the Liver
Authors: Hamada Toshiyuki , Kushige Hiroko , Fukushima Shiori , Kurachi Sumiko 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHnRNP A3 is a protein that binds the age-related increase element (AIE) of blood coagulation factor IX (FIX) and that plays critical roles in age-related gene expression, likely through an epigenetic mechanism as yet unidentified. In a previous study, we found that Ser359phosphorylated hnRNP A3 proteins do not bind to the AIE of FIX although both unphosphorylated and Ser359phosphorylated hnRNP proteins exist in the liver. In the present study, to explore the relationship between hnRNP A3 and FIX, we examined the age-related expression pattern of 14 single spots of hnRNP A3 detected by 2DE and subsequent MALDI-TOF/TOF/MS analyses in mouse liver. We found that the level of all four Ser359phosphorylated hnRNP A3 proteins increased with age (from 1-21 months), while the 10 unphosphorylated hnRNP A3 proteins showed various expression patterns with age. We then examined the functional role of hnRNP A3 in FIX expression using siRNA knockdown technology targeting the hnRNP A3 gene in aged mice (12-17 months old). Inhibition of hnRNP A3 expression induced an increase in the circulating FIX level in aged mice.These results suggested that hnRNP A3 inhibits age-related FIX protein expression and that age-dependent modification of hnRNP A3, including its phosphorylation at Ser359, might be involved in the age-dependent increase in FIX expressionin vivo.
Socioeconomic Disparities for Healthcare Utilization of Senior Adult Falls in Southeast Wisconsin, 2020-2022
Authors: Tong Ling , Khani Masoud , Taylor Bradley , Osinski Kristen , Adams Jazzmyne A. , Friedland David R. , Luo Jake 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundTo examine the social determinant factors of the healthcare utilizations for senior patients with history of falls.MethodsWe analyzed effects of socioeconomic factors on the utilization rate of healthcare in a tertiary care center including 495,041 senior adults. We included Zip Code Tabulation Areas to measure socioeconomic factors on a community level. Cohort group comparison and multiple linear regression models evaluated the association between healthcare services utilization and age, sex, education, race, insurance type, distance, and income levels.ResultsPatients with a history of falls were older than those without a history of falls (79.4 ± 12.1 vs. 75.4 ± 11.6 years old), predominantly female (odds ratio [OR]: 1.26, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 1.24–1.28), white (OR: 1.35, 95% CI: 1.32–1.38). Patients with a fall history were predominantly retired (OR: 2.53, 95% CI: 2.49–2.58), publicly insured (OR: 2.88, 95% CI: 2.82–2.93), and more likely to require an interpreter during a hospital visit (OR: 2.40, 95% CI: 2.35–2.44). Using a geospatial analysis, healthcare utilization was higher in areas close to the care center. A regression model showed that a community’s median income, private insurance rate, and college education rate were positively associated with healthcare utilization.ConclusionsLower utilization of healthcare is associated with disadvantaged neighborhood social conditions, including under-insured status, residing far from a hospital, lower education, and lower income. We revealed the current inequities and disparities in the healthcare of senior adult fall patients in Southeast Wisconsin.Summary1)What is the current understanding of this subject?Current healthcare outcome studies focus on risk factors of falls. However, there is a lack of studies on patient socioeconomic effects to the healthcare utilization.2)What does this report add to the literature?The study reveals the potential socioeconomic inequities and disparities in the healthcare adoption of the senior adult falls.3)What are the implications for public health practice?With the growing percentage of senior adult populations, specific strategies are needed to address the disparities to the adoption in underserved senior populations.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis– Macrophage Interactome: Molecular Network Structure and Resilience against Antibiotics
Authors: Paulina Puente-Mancera , Antonio Valcárcel , Isabel Castillo-Rodal Antonia , Díaz José 
Published: April 2023

AbstractResistance to several antibiotics againstMycobacterium tuberculosisis a serious problem to be solved worldwide. In the present work, we made the statistical analysis of the gene regulatory network ofMycobacterium tuberculosisand of theMycobacterium tuberculosis-macrophage interactome to find the probable cause of this resistance. The results from this analysis show that both the gene regulatory network and the interactoma have a hierarchical free scale modular structure that assures a high degree of resilience of these networks against external perturbations. In particular, the interactome is a complex hybrid network that results from the formation of novel links between theMycobacterium tuberculosisand macrophage proteins and from the modification of the previously existing links between the native macrophage proteins, which give rise to novel negative and positive feedback loops that modify the dynamical behavior of the interactome and protect the mycobacterium against the attack with antibiotics by taking control of the macrophage immune response and apoptosis. The statistical analysis of the interactome shows that the highly connected mycobacterium proteins inhA, ahpC, kasA, katG and rpsL exert this control by creating new links with the host proteins FAS and NF-κB. These new hybrid circuits embedded in the hierarchical scale-free modular molecular structure of the interactome produce its high resistance to external perturbations like antibiotics. As consequence, the present work proposes the hypothesis thatMycobacterium tuberculosisantibiotic resistancein vivoduring chronic tuberculosis is only a particular case of a more complex problem that is the interactomeresilienceagainst antibiotics. Thus, new strategies of drug design are necessary to shatter the complex structure of theMycobacterium tuberculosis-macrophage interactome.
The delayed bloodstream clearance ofPlasmodium falciparumparasites after M5717 treatment is attributable to the inability to modify their red blood cell hosts
Authors: Schneider Molly Parkyn , Looker Oliver , Rebelo Maria , Khoury David K. , Dixon Matthew W.A. , Oeuvray Claude , Crabb Brendan S. , McCarthy James , Gilson Paul R. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractM5717 is a promising antimalarial drug under development thatacts against multiple stages of the life cycle ofPlasmodiumparasites by inhibiting the translation elongation factor 2 (PfeEF2), thereby preventing protein synthesis. The parasite clearance profile after drug treatment in preclinical studies in mice, and clinical trials in humans showed a notable delayed clearance phenotype whereby parasite infected red blood cells (iRBCs) persisted in the bloodstream for a significant period before eventual clearance. In a normalP. falciparuminfection iRBCs sequester in the deep circulation by cytoadherence, allowing them to avoid surveillance and clearance in the spleen. In this work we show that M5717 treatment renders iRBCs invisible to normal splenic clearance mechanisms. We found that M5717 blocks parasite modification of their host red blood cells (RBCs) by preventing synthesis of new exported proteins, rather than by directly blocking the export of these proteins into the RBC compartment. Usingin vitromodels, we demonstrated that M5717 treated ring/trophozoite stage iRBCs became less rigid, and cytoadhered less well compared to untreated iRBCs. This indicates thatin vivopersistence of M5717 treated iRBCs in the blood stream is likely due to reduced cytoadherence and splenic clearance.
Combination of secondary plant metabolites and micronutrients against Alzheimer disease in a SH-SY5Y-APP695 cell model
Authors: Babylon Lukas , Meißner Julia , Eckert Gunter P. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by mitochondrial dysfunction, increased Aβ levels and altered glycolysis. So far, there is no cure for AD, therefore it is important to take preventive or supportive action against AD. The cocktail (SC) tested in this study consists of the substances hesperetin (HstP), magnesium-orotate (MgOr) and folic acid (Fol), as well as the combination (KCC) of caffeine (Cof), kahweol (KW) and cafestol (CF). All the compounds showed positive results in the above mentioned fields of AD. The question arose whether a combination of all of them would also positively affect all three fields of AD. In this regard, SH-SY5Y-APP695cells were incubated with SC and ATP levels, complex respiration, Aβ levels, ROS levels, lactate and pyruvate levels were examined. The SC increased the endogenous respiration of the cells while significantly decreasing the Aβ1-40levels. SC has no significant effects on the other parameters. In summary, the combination of all compounds did not show the desired success that we hoped for, but the cocktail has potential to be further investigated. It is possible that the results will improve by changing the combinations or by adjusting the concentrations.
SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Reduces Burst Activities in Neurons Measured by Micro-Electrode Arrays
Authors: Salvador Melanie , Tseng Noah , Park Camdon , Williams Grace , Vethan Arianne , Thomas Grant , Baker John , Hemry Joseph , Hammond Emma , Freeburg Paige , Chou Guan-Wen , Taylor Nick , Lu Yi-Fan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSARS-CoV-2 caused a large-scale global pandemic between 2020 and 2022. Despite efforts to understand its biology and mechanisms of pathogenicity, the viral impact on the neurological systems remains unclear. The main goal of this study was to quantify the neurological phenotypes induced by SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in neurons, measured byin-vitromulti-well micro-electrode arrays (MEAs). We extracted the whole-brain neurons from the newborn P1 mice and plated them on multi-well micro-electrode arrays and administered purified recombinant spike proteins (S1 and S2 subunits respectively) from the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The signals from the MEAs were transmitted from an amplifier to a high-performance computer for recording and analysis. We used an in-house developed algorithm to quantify neuronal phenotypes. Among all the phenotypic features analyzed, we discovered that the S1 protein of SARS-CoV-2 decreased the mean burst numbers observed on each electrode; This effect was not observed for the spike 2 protein (S2) and could be rescued by an anti-S1 antibody. Finally, our data strongly suggest that the receptor binding domain (RBD) of S1 is responsible for the reduction of burst activities in neurons. Overall, our results strongly indicate that spike proteins may play an important role in altering neuronal phenotypes, specifically the burst patterns, when neurons are exposed during early development.