bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of traditional Chinese exercise for sarcopenia: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Niu Kun , Liu Ying-Lian , Yang Fan , Wang Yong , Zhou Xia-Zhi , Qu Qing 
Published: December 2022

ObjectiveTo conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the effectiveness of Traditional Chinese Exercise (TCE) for sarcopenia.MethodsA literature search was conducted in eight online databases from inception until September 2022. Based on the Cochrane risk of bias tool, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with RoB score ≥ 4 were included for further analyses. The primary outcome was muscle strength and physical function, and the secondary outcomes were adverse events. Data collection and analyses were conducted by RevMan 5.4 Software. GRADE system was used to evaluate the certainty of evidence.ResultsA total of 13 eligible RCTs with 718 subjects were identified and included in this study. Among them, 10 RCTs involved Yijinjing; 2 involved Tai Chi; and 1 involved Baduanjin. Meta-analyses showed that TCE had better clinical effects than control measures in the chair stand test (P &lt; 0.00001, I2 = 38%; Certainty of evidence: Moderate), squatting-to-standing test (P &lt; 0.00001, I2 = 0%; Certainty of evidence: Moderate), 6-m gait speed (P &lt; 0.00001, I2 = 13%; Certainty of evidence: Moderate), Time Up and Go Test (P = 0.03, I2 = 81%; Certainty of evidence: Low), peak torque of the extensors (P = 0.03, I2 = 0%; Certainty of evidence: Moderate), total work of the extensors (P = 0.03, I2 = 35%; Certainty of evidence: Moderate), peak torque of the flexors (P = 0.03, I2 = 47%; Certainty of evidence: Low), total work of the flexors (P = 0.02, I2 = 42%; Certainty of evidence: Low), the average power of the flexors (P = 0.03, I2 = 30%; Certainty of evidence: Moderate), and balance function (P &lt; 0.00001, I2 = 53%; Certainty of evidence: Low). In additional, no adverse events were reported in participants who receive TCE.ConclusionThe findings of the present systematic review, at least to a certain extent, provided supporting evidence for the routine use of TCE for sarcopenia.
Marketing strategies used for alternative protein products sold in Australian supermarkets in 2014, 2017, and 2021
Authors: Brooker Paige G. , Hendrie Gilly A. , Anastasiou Kim , Woodhouse Rachel , Pham Theresa , Colgrave Michelle L. 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionMarketing plays an important role in consumers’ perceptions and acceptance of new foods. The purpose of this study was to investigate the marketing strategies used for alternative protein products available in Australia in 2014, 2017, and 2021.MethodsProduct data were extracted from FoodTrack™, an established database of packaged supermarket products. Marketing strategies investigated included product format descriptors, front of pack (FOP) labeling claims, price, and in-store placement (2021 only).ResultsData from 292 alternative protein products (n= 12 tofu-based products;n= 100 legume-based products; and n = 180 plant-based meats) were analyzed. Across the product range, “burgers” (n= 86), “strips and similar” (n= 51) and “sausages” (n= 42) were the most common product formats, accounting for ∼61% of the product range. Nutrient content claims featured on 273 (93%) products. “Positive” nutrient claims (those highlighting the presence of a nutrient) occurred on FOP labels four times more than “negative” nutrient claims (those highlighting the absence or low levels of a nutrient; 432 versus 101, respectively). Protein-related claims were the most common “positive” nutrient claim (n= 180, 62%). Health claims on FOP labels appeared on 10% of products. Most products (n= 265, 91%) mentioned a dietary pattern (such as “vegetarian” and “plant-based”), or a combination of dietary patterns on their FOP label. The price of alternative products increased over time; between 2014 and 2021, on average, the unit price increased (9% increase,p= 0.035) and the pack size decreased (14% decrease,p&lt; 0.001). There was inconsistency in product placement across the eight stores visited. Occasionally (n= 3 of 13 locations), chilled alternative protein products were positioned near conventional meat products. More commonly, alternative protein products shared space with other vegetarian products (such as non-dairy cheeses and tofu blocks) or alongside convenience products, suggesting these products are promoted as convenience foods, or options for individuals with special dietary needs.DiscussionThis study provides a useful evidence base to understand the marketing strategies used for alternative protein products. It appears from this analysis that considerable effort has gone into providing consumers with a level of familiarity and comfort prior to purchasing these alternative protein products.
Clinical and behavioral factors associated with undernutrition among highly active antiretroviral therapy users in Southwest Ethiopia
Authors: Shifera Nigusie , Yosef Tewodros , Mekonen Mengistu 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundGlobally, about 1.9 billion adults are overweight or obese, while 462 million are underweight. These are primarily found in countries with low and middle incomes, such as Ethiopia. Undernutrition is a frequent health problem among people living with HIV/AIDS; however, no large-scale research, including several health facilities, has been conducted in Ethiopia. Thus, this study aimed to assess the nutritional status and nutrition-related factors among highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) users in public hospitals in Southwest Ethiopia.MethodsA cross-sectional facility study design was conducted in all public hospitals in Southwest Ethiopia from January to March 2021. A systematic sampling technique was used to select the study participants. The collected data were entered into EpiData 3.1 and then exported to SPSS version 24 for statistical analysis. Binary logistic regression analysis was done to identify the factors associated with the outcome variable. The level of significance was declared at a P-value of &lt;0.05, with their corresponding 95% confidence level.ResultsA total of 402 HAART users have participated with a 100% response rate. The proportion of undernutrition (BMI &lt;18.5 kg/m2) and patients with overweight or obesity (BMI ≥25 kg/m2) were 29.3% [95% CI: (24.6–33.5)] and 10% [95% CI: (6.6–12.9)], respectively. Out of undernutrition patients, severe undernutrition (BMI &lt;16 kg/m2) accounted for 5.6%. Factors, such as food insecurity [AOR: 3.21, 95% CI: (1.76–5.91)], history of diarrhea [AOR: 2.86, 95% CI: (1.96–6.78)], CD4 cell count ≤ [AOR: 4.72, 95% CI: (2.14–12.13)], and substance user [AOR: 4.12, 95% CI: (2.31–7.30)], were the independent factors of undernutrition.ConclusionThis study found that the prevalence of undernutrition was high compared with other settings. The government should also pay due attention to improving the treatment of HIV/AIDS by offering nutritional support services in hospitals. Moreover, policymakers and healthcare professionals consider the effects of these factors on nutrition while providing ART services.
Efficacy and safety of lenvatinib versus sorafenib in first-line treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: A meta-analysis
Authors: Luo Jia , Gao Benjian , Lin Zhiyu , Fan Hua , Ma Wen , Yu Danfei , Yang Qian , Tian Jing , Yang Xiaoli , Li Bo 
Published: December 2022

ObjectiveLenvatinib and sorafenib are first-line oral multikinase inhibitors approved for the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the choice of the primary therapeutic agent among these two remains controversial. This meta-analysis aimed to estimate the efficacy and safety of lenvatinib and sorafenib in patients with advanced HCC.MethodsPubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Embase databases were searched for relevant research published up to June 30, 2022. After quality assessment and data extraction of the included studies, RevMan 5.3 software was used for analysis. Odds ratio (OR) and hazard ratio (HR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using a fixed-effects or random-effects model.ResultsFifteen studies containing 3908 patients were included after final scrutiny. Our meta-analysis showed that there was no significant difference in overall survival (OS) between the lenvatinib and sorafenib groups (HR = 0.86; 95% CI: 0.72–1.02; p = 0.09); however, the progression-free survival (PFS) (HR = 0.63; 95% CI: 0.53–0.74; p &lt; 0.00001), complete response (CR) (OR = 5.61; 95% CI: 2.71–11.64; p &lt; 0.00001), partial response (PR) (OR = 4.62; 95% CI: 3.06–6.98; p &lt; 0.00001), objective response rate (ORR) (OR = 5.61; 95% CI: 3.90–8.09; p &lt; 0.00001), and disease control rate (DCR) (OR = 2.42; 95% CI: 1.79–3.28; p &lt; 0.00001) in the lenvatinib group were significantly better than those in the sorafenib group. In terms of treatment safety, lenvatinib had similar incidences of any grade adverse events (AEs) (OR = 0.99; 95% CI: 0.47–2.09; p = 0.98) and grade ≥ 3 AEs (OR = 1.17, 95% CI; 1.00–1.37; p = 0.05) compared to sorafenib. Besides, lenvatinib was significantly associated with a higher incidence of hypertension, proteinuria, fatigue, decreased appetite, and weight loss, whereas sorafenib was associated with a higher incidence of diarrhea and hand-foot skin reaction (p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionGiven its potential survival benefit and good tolerability, lenvatinib is an appropriate and promising alternative to sorafenib as first-line systemic therapy in patients with advanced HCC.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier: CRD 42022327398.
ENO1 contributes to 5-fluorouracil resistance in colorectal cancer cells via EMT pathway
Authors: Gu Jinrong , Zhong Kaiqiang , Wang Longgang , Ni Haishun , Zhao Yirui , Wang Xuchao , Yao Yizhou , Jiang Linhua , Wang Bin , Zhu Xinguo 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionChemoresistance is a major barrier in the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC) and many other cancers. ENO1 has been associated with various biological characteristics of CRC. This study aimed to investigate the function of ENO1 in regulating 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) resistance in CRC.MethodsENO1 level in 120 pairs of tumor tissues and adjacent normal tissues was examined by immunohistochemistry, and the correlation between ENO1 expression and prognosis was explored by survival analysis. Its role and potential mechanisms in regulating 5-FU resistance in CRC were studied by Western blotting, MTT assay, colony formation assay and transwell invasion assay. Murine xenograft assay was implied to verify the results in vivo.ResultsOur study indicated that ENO1 was elevated in CRC tissues and was associated with poor patient prognosis. High levels of ENO1 expression were detected as a significant influencing factor for overall survival. Furthermore, ENO1 expression was found to have increased in drug-resistant cells (HCT116/5-FU and SW620/5-FU) constructed by increasing concentrations of 5-FU. Knockdown of ENO1 markedly increased the drug susceptibility and inhibited the proliferation and migration ability of HCT116/5-FU and SW620/5-FU cells. It was found that down-regulation of ENO1 inhibited the epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT) signaling process. Finally, a murine xenograft assay verified that the depletion of ENO1 alleviated 5-FU resistance.ConclusionThis study identified that ENO1 regulated 5-FU resistance via the EMT pathway and may be a novel target in the prevention and treatment of 5-FUresistant CRC.
Knowledge mapping visualization of the pulmonary ground-glass opacity published in the web of science
Authors: Li Xingchen , Zhang Guochao , Gao Shugeng , Xue Qi , He Jie 
Published: December 2022

ObjectivesWith low-dose computed tomography(CT) lung cancer screening, many studies with an increasing number of patients with ground-glass opacity (GGO) are published. Hence, the present study aimed to analyze the published studies on GGO using bibliometric analysis. The findings could provide a basis for future research in GGO and for understanding past advances and trends in the field.MethodsPublished studies on GGO were obtained from the Web of Science Core Collection. A bibliometric analysis was conducted using the R package and VOSviewer for countries, institutions, journals, authors, keywords, and articles relevant to GGO. In addition, a bibliometric map was created to visualize the relationship.ResultsThe number of publications on GGO has been increasing since 2011. China is ranked as the most prolific country; however, Japan has the highest number of citations for its published articles. Seoul National University and Professor Jin Mo Goo from Korea had the highest publications. Most top 10 journals specialized in the field of lung diseases. Radiology is a comprehensive journal with the greatest number of citations and highest H-index than other journals. Using bibliometric analysis, research topics on “prognosis and diagnosis,” “artificial intelligence,” “treatment,” “preoperative positioning and minimally invasive surgery,” and “pathology of GGO” were identified. Artificial intelligence diagnosis and minimally invasive treatment may be the future of GGO. In addition, most top 10 literatures in this field were guidelines for lung cancer and pulmonary nodules.ConclusionsThe publication volume of GGO has increased rapidly. The top three countries with the highest number of published articles were China, Japan, and the United States. Japan had the most significant number of citations for published articles. Most key journals specialized in the field of lung diseases. Artificial intelligence diagnosis and minimally invasive treatment may be the future of GGO.
Totally laparoscopic total gastrectomy with Uncut Roux-en-Y for gastric cancer may improve prognosis: A propensity score matching comparative study
Authors: Chen Yizhen , Zheng Tao , Chen Yifan , Zheng Yuanyuan , Tan Song , Liu Shaolin , Zhou Yuhang , Lin Xiaojun , Chen Weijie , Mi Yulong , Lin Shentao , Yang Changshun , Li Weihua 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundLaparoscopic total gastrectomy (LTG) with Roux-en-Y (RY) is often accompanied by a series of complications. Uncut RY (URY) can effectively reduce Roux stasis syndrome (RSS) in laparoscopic distal gastrectomy. To determine whether totally LTG (TLTG) with URY for gastric cancer (GC) can replace RY in short-term and long-term prognosis.MethodsThis comparative retrospective study selected GC patients from 2016 to 2022. The patients were divided into URY group and RY group. Cox multivariate proportional hazard regression analysis was used to explore the independent prognostic factors. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to reduce bias.ResultsA total of 100 GC patients met the inclusion criteria. Compared to RY group, URY group showed significant advantages in operation time and length of hospital stay. In addition, URY group can significantly reduce short-term and long-term complications, especially RSS. The 1-, 3- and 5-year progression free survival (PFS) of URY group and RY group were 90.4% vs. 67.8% (P=0.005), 76.6% vs. 52.6% (P=0.009) and 76.6% vs. 32.8% (P&lt;0.001), respectively. After PSM, the advantage of URY in PFS was verified again, while there was no significant difference in overall survival (OS) between the two groups. Cox multivariate analysis suggested that lower RSS was associated with better PFS.ConclusionsTLTG with URY for GC helps control disease progression, speed up recovery and reduce short and long-term complications, especially RSS.
Exploration of the thoracoscopic treatment of esophageal atresia under high-frequency ventilation
Authors: Zheng Chao , Lin Yu , He Yuanbin , Shen Yong , Fan Jiansen , Fang Yifan 
Published: December 2022

ObjectiveExplore the feasibility and safety of thoracoscopy in the treatment of esophageal atresia under high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) mode.MethodsThis was a single-center retrospective analysis. A total of 24 children were divided into the HFOV and the No-HFOV group. The demographic information, surgical results and relevant experience were analyzed.ResultsAll patients in the HFOV group underwent thoracoscopic esophageal atreplasty with a mean operation duration of 165.8 ± 33.9 min. Two patients had postoperative anastomotic leakage, which was cured after conservative treatment. One child had a recurrent tracheoesophageal fistula, which was closed after endoscopic cauterization. The mean postoperative mechanical ventilation time was 8.83 ± 8.02 days. There was no return of anastomotic leakage or r-TEF after oral feeding. Furthermore, there was no significant difference between the NO-HFOV and the HFOV groups except for the operation time where the HFOV group was shorter than that of the NO-HFOV group.ConclusionThoracoscopic esophageal atresia anastomosis under HFOV ventilation is feasible for patients with severe pulmonary infection, heart malformation, such as patent ductus arteriosus, ventricular septal defect, and poor anesthesia tolerance, but the long-term prognosis still needs further study in a large sample size.
Learn a prior question-aware feature for machine reading comprehension
Authors: Zhang Yu , Shen Bo , Cao Xing 
Published: December 2022

Machine reading comprehension aims to train machines to comprehend a given context and then answer a series of questions according to their understanding of the context. It is the cornerstone of conversational reading comprehension and question answering tasks. Recently, researches of Machine reading comprehension have experienced considerable development with more and more semantic features being incorporated into end-to-end neural network models, such as pre-trained word embedding features, syntactic features, context and question interaction features, and so on. However, these methods neglect the understanding of the question itself and the information sought by the question. In this paper, we design an auxiliary question-and-answer matching task to learn the features of different types of questions and then integrate these learned features into a classical Machine reading comprehension model architecture to improve its ability to comprehend the questions. Our auxiliary task relies on a simple Question-Answer Pairs dataset generated by ourselves. And we incorporate the learned question-type information into the Machine reading comprehension model by prior attention mechanism. The model we proposed is named PrA-MRC (Prior Attention on Machine reading comprehension). Empirical results show that our approach is effective and interpretable. Our Question-Answer Pairs model achieves an accuracy of 84% and our PrA-MRC model outperforms the baseline model by +0.7 EM and +1.1 F1 on the SQuAD dataset.
Transcriptomics‐based analysis of the causes of sugar receding in Feizixiao litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) pulp
Authors: Peng Junjie , Du Jingjia , Wuqiang Ma , Chen Tiantian , Shui Xian , Liao Haizhi , Lin Xiaokai , Zhou Kaibing 
Published: December 2022

To investigate the causes of the “sugar receding” in ‘Feizixiao’ litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) pulp, the main sugar contents and sucrose metabolism enzyme activities were measured in pulp obtained in 2020 and 2021. Pulp RNA obtained in 2020 was extracted at 35, 63, and 69 days after anthesis (DAA) for transcriptome sequencing analysis. The differential expression of genes was verified by real-time PCR for both years. The results showed that after 63 DAA, the contents of soluble sugars and sucrose decreased, and the contents of fructose and glucose increased in both years. The dynamic changes in sucrose metabolism enzyme activities were similar in both years. After 63 DAA, except for acid invertase (AI) in 2021, the activities of other enzymes decreased significantly, and the net activity of sucrose metabolism enzymes showed a strong sucrose cleavage activity. There were 18061, 19575, and 985 differentially expressed genes in 35 d vs. 63 d, 35 d vs. 69 d, and 63 d vs. 69 d, respectively. Ninety-one sugar metabolism genes were screened out, including sucrose synthase (SS), sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS), AI, neutral invertase (NI), hexokinase (HK), glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD), phosphofructokinase (PFK), and pyruvate kinase (PK) genes. In 63 d vs. 69 d, seventy-five percent of sucrose metabolism genes were downregulated, seventy-seven percent of genes in glycolysis (EMP) were upregulated and the PFK genes were significantly upregulated. There was a significant linear correlation between the expression of 15 genes detected by real-time PCR and the transcriptome sequencing results (r2020 = 0.9139, r2021 = 0.8912). These results suggest that the upregulated expression of PFK genes at maturity may enhance PFK activity and promote the degradation of soluble sugar in pulp through the EMP pathway, resulting in decreased soluble sugar and sucrose contents and “sugar receding” in pulp. Moreover, the downregulated expression of sucrose metabolism genes in pulp decreased the activities of these enzymes, but the net activity of these enzymes resulted in cleaved sucrose and replenished levels of reducing sugars, resulting in a stable reducing sugar content.
The African citrus psyllid Trioza erytreae: An efficient vector of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus
Authors: Reynaud Bernard , Turpin Patrick , Molinari Florencia M. , Grondin Martial , Roque Solène , Chiroleu Frédéric , Fereres Alberto , Delatte Hélène 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionHuanglonbing (HLB) is the most serious disease of citrus in the world, associated with three non-cultivable phloem-restricted bacteria Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas), Ca L. africanus (CLaf) and Ca L. americanus (CLam). CLas is transmitted by the Asian citrus psyllid Diaphorina citri, and has spread to several countries. The African psyllid Trioza erytreae, the vector of CLaf occurs in Africa and neighbouring islands. Only two major citrus-growing regions - Australia/New Zealand and the Mediterranean Basin - are still HLB-free in the world. However, T. erytreae has recently been introduced into continental Europe (Portugal and Spain) and has become a potential threat to citrus production. The transmission of CLas by T. erytreae had been postulated but never tested. To evaluate the risk of T. erytreae transmitting CLas, comparative transmissions of CLas by T. erytreae and D. citri were assessed.MethodsTransmission tests were performed on excised leaves and seedlings of Citrus volkameriana with different inoculation access periods (in series) for both insect species. Quantifications of bacterial titers were made in excised leaves, seedlings three and six months after inoculation and on individual insects.ResultsOur results showed that T. erytreae was able to efficiently acquire CLas. Furthermore, T. erytreae carried significantly higher bacterial titers than D. citri, and was able to efficiently transmit the bacteria to seedlings at a similar rate that D. citri highlighting the high risk of spread of the most aggressive variant of HLB (CLas) by T. erytreae in Europe.DiscussionThus, extreme precautions to prevent any entry of CLas into Europe should be adopted.