bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cyclic fatigue resistance of EdgeTaper Platinum, Protaper Gold, and TruNatomy Prime rotary files before and after autoclave sterilization
Authors: Almohareb Rahaf A. , Barakat Reem M. , Algahtani Fahda N. , Alkadi Manal F. 
Published: January 2023

Background
This in vitro investigation aimed to determine the influence of multiple autoclave cycles on the cyclic fatigue resistance of three heat-treated nickel-titanium (NiTi) files: EdgeTaper Platinum (ETP), ProTaper Gold (PTG), and TruNatomy Prime (TN).

Materials
Sixty NiTi files, twenty of each NiTi file type: ETP 25/.06, PTG 25/.08, and TN 26/.04 were randomly divided into four equal subgroups (n = 5). The files for the control group were left un-autoclaved. Different autoclave sterilization cycles (one, five, and ten) were used for the other three groups. The files were then placed in a metal canal block and rotated according to the manufacturer’s instructions until fracture. The length of the broken segment and the time taken for fracture were measured. The fractured surfaces were subsequently subjected to SEM imaging. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to analyze the data, followed by Dunn-Bonferroni pairwise comparisons. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05.

Results
ETP showed significantly greater resistance to cyclic fatigue than TN in all autoclave groups and PTG after five autoclave cycles (p = 0.014). Fatigue resistance was not affected by the number of autoclaving cycles, except for ETP. After the first and tenth autoclaving cycles, they required significantly more rotations to failure than the non-sterilized files (p = 0.039 and p = 0.021, respectively). The fractured segments of the ETP files in these two groups were also longer than those in the control group (p = 0.010).

Conclusion
The cyclic fatigue resistance of ETP was greater than that of TN in all tested conditions. Repeated autoclave cycles of sterilization improved the cyclic fatigue resistance of the ETP files only and did not affect the cyclic fatigue resistance of TN and PTG. However, the ETP files separated at a longer distance from the tip with increased autoclaving cycles.
Demographic Profile, Presenting Complaints and Clinical Findings of Dengue Fever Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Bangladesh
Authors: Ahmed Md. Ashraf Uddin , Yasmin Farzana , Morshed A. S. M. , Chakraborty Dwijraz , Yasmin Fatema , Mustari Rabeya , Ahmed Ejaj Uddin , Hannan Sabit Bin , Das Anupom Kumar , Ullah Md. Sayed , Reza Md. Masud 
Published: January 2023

Background & Objective: Dengue is an important tropical infection caused by an arbovirus having four serotypes (DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3, DENV-4) transmitted through the bite of infected female Aedes mosquito. Dengue is a challenging disease with multisystemic, varied, atypical, and sometimes life-threatening presentations. It presents as varied clinical spectrum of dengue fever (DF), dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF), dengue shock syndrome (DSS) and expanded dengue syndrome (EDS) with atypical presentations, thus posing a diagnostic dilemma. Each year, thousands of dengue infections are reported and there are several outbreaks of dengue in several countries including Bangladesh and this imply the global importance of this infection. The objectives of this study were to determine the sociodemographic variables, presenting complaints and clinical findings of patient suffering from dengue fever during an epidemic outbreak.
Methods: This hospital review analyzed the hospital records of dengue fever cases of BIRDEM General Hospital, Dhaka from June 2019 to December2019. Patients with suspected dengue fever attending at the outdoor/emergency or admitted indoor were taken as case. Data was collected from hospital records. Study protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board and informed consent was taken from the subjects. All the relevant data regarding history and examination findings of the patients, the laboratory reports were collected. Statistical package for social science (SPSS) version 22, a computer-based software was used for all data entry and statistical analysis.
Results: Total 292 dengue patients were enrolled in this study. Mean age of all patient was 35.63±15.22 years (11-85 year) with male predominance (54.8%). Maximum patients were hailed from urban residence (83.9%), non-smoker (73.6%), had active lifestyle (63.4%) and normal body mass index (68.5%). Overall, 65.1% patients had no comorbidity and 89.4% had no concurrent acute illness.Majority of the patients had high grade fever (76%) for 2-5 days (71%). Bodyache (63.7%), headache (42.1%), vomiting (41.1%), loose motion (16.8%) and abdominal pain (14.7%) were the top five chief complaints along with fever. Most of the patients had normal systolic (86.3%) and diastolic (92.5%) blood pressure.
Conclusion: Although the results of this study cannot be generalized to other cities of Bangladesh, our findings will allow public health agencies in Bangladesh to concentrate their efforts to battle dengue and also suggests that monitoring where Aedes are found will help identify populations at risk". Our study will guide doctors of all level to early diagnose dengue patient and will help them to detect the severe cases early. So that early intervention can decrease the morbidity and mortality.
Cost of Inpatient Falls and Cost-Benefit Analysis of Implementation of an Evidence-Based Fall Prevention Program
Authors: Dykes Patricia C. , Curtin-Bowen Mica , Lipsitz Stuart , Franz Calvin , Adelman Jason , Adkison Lesley , Bogaisky Michael , Carroll Diane , Carter Eileen , Herlihy Lisa , Lindros Mary Ellen , Ryan Virginia , Scanlan Maureen , Walsh Mary-Ann , Wien Matthew , Bates David W. 
Published: January 2023

ImportanceThere is insufficient research on the costs of patient falls in health care systems, a leading source of nonreimbursable adverse events.ObjectiveTo report the costs of inpatient falls and the cost savings associated with implementation of an evidence-based fall prevention program.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsIn this economic evaluation, a matched case-control study used the findings from an interrupted time series analysis that assessed changes in fall rates following implementation of an evidence-based fall prevention program to understand the cost of inpatient falls. An economic analysis was then performed to assess the cost benefits associated with program implementation across 2 US health care systems from June 1, 2013, to August 31, 2019, in New York, New York, and Boston, Massachusetts. All adults hospitalized in participating units were included in the analysis. Data analysis was performed from October 2021 to November 2022.InterventionsEvidence-based fall prevention program implemented in 33 medical and surgical units in 8 hospitals.Main Outcomes and MeasuresPrimary outcome was cost of inpatient falls. Secondary outcome was the costs and cost savings associated with the evidence-based fall prevention program.ResultsA total of 10 176 patients who had a fall event (injurious or noninjurious) with 29 161 matched controls (no fall event) were included in the case-control study and the economic analysis (51.9% were 65-74 years of age, 67.1% were White, and 53.6% were male). Before the intervention, there were 2503 falls and 900 injuries; after the intervention, there were 2078 falls and 758 injuries. Based on a 19% reduction in falls and 20% reduction in injurious falls from the beginning to the end of the postintervention period, the economic analysis demonstrated that noninjurious and injurious falls were associated with cost increases of $35 365 and $36 776, respectively. The implementation of the evidence-based fall prevention program was associated with $14 600 in net avoided costs per 1000 patient-days.Conclusions and RelevanceThis economic evaluation found that fall-related adverse events represented a clinical and financial burden to health care systems and that the current Medicare policy limits reimbursement. In this study, costs of falls only differed marginally by injury level. Policies that incentivize organizations to implement evidence-based strategies that reduce the incidence of all falls may be effective in reducing both harm and costs.
DNA Methylation Dynamics During Esophageal Epithelial Regeneration Following Repair with Acellular Silk Fibroin Grafts in Rat
Authors: Urban Lauren A. , Li Jiachun , Gundogdu Gokhan , Trinh Annie , Shao Hanjuan , Nguyen Travis , Mauney Joshua R. , Downing Timothy L. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractEsophageal pathologies such as atresia and benign strictures often require surgical reconstruction with autologous tissues to restore organ continuity. Complications such as donor site morbidity and limited tissue availability have spurred the development of acellular grafts for esophageal tissue replacement. Acellular biomaterials for esophageal repair rely on the activation of intrinsic regenerative mechanisms to mediate de novo tissue formation at implantation sites. Previous research has identified signaling cascades involved in neoepithelial formation in a rat model of onlay esophagoplasty with acellular silk fibroin grafts, including phosphoinositide 3‐kinase (PI3K), and protein kinase B (Akt) signaling. However, it is currently unknown how these mechanisms are governed by DNA methylation (DNAme) during esophageal wound healing processes. Reduced‐representation bisulfite sequencing is performed to characterize temporal DNAme dynamics in host and regenerated tissues up to 1 week postimplantation. Overall, global hypermethylation is observed at postreconstruction timepoints and an inverse correlation between promoter DNAme and the expression levels of differentially expressed proteins during regeneration. Site‐specific hypomethylation targets genes associated with immune activation, while hypermethylation occurs within gene bodies encoding PI3K‐Akt signaling components during the tissue remodeling period. The data provide insight into the epigenetic mechanisms during esophageal regeneration following surgical repair with acellular grafts.
The Actin Crosslinker Fascin Regulates Cell Chirality
Authors: Zhang Haokang , Fan Jie , Maclin Joshua M.A. , Wan Leo Q. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe left–right (L‐R) asymmetry of the cells, or cell chirality, is a well‐known intrinsic property derived from the dynamic organization of the actin cytoskeleton. Cell chirality can be regulated by actin‐binding proteins such as α‐actinin‐1 and can also be mediated by certain signaling pathways, such as protein kinase C (PKC) signaling. Fascin, an actin crosslinker known to mediate parallel bundling of actin filaments, appears as a prominent candidate in cell chirality regulation, given its role in facilitating cell migration as an important PKC substrate. Here, it is shown that the chirality of NIH/3T3 cells can be altered by PKC activation and fascin manipulation. With either small‐molecule drug inhibition or genetic knockdown of fascin, the chirality of 3T3 cells is reversed from a clockwise (CW) bias to a counterclockwise (CCW) bias on ring‐shaped micropatterns, accompanied by the reversal in cell directional migration. The Ser‐39 fascin‐actin binding sites are further explored in cell chirality regulation. The findings of this study reveal the critical role of fascin as an important intermediator in cell chirality, shedding novel insights into the mechanisms of L‐R asymmetric cell migration and multicellular morphogenesis.
A 3D Ex Vivo Tumor‐Immune Coculture System Mimicking In Vivo Tumor Environmental Stress on CD8+ T Cells Exhaustion
Authors: Meng Zhouwenli , Niu Xiaomin , Xia Liliang , Chen Yingying , Wang Zhen , Wang Hui , Ji Ping , Cui Wenguo , Wang Ying , Lu Shun 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDissection of exhaustion trajectories of immune cells under tumor selection pressure in the tumor microenvironment (TME) elucidates the underlying machinery in anti‐tumor immunity, which still lacks easy‐to‐use models to decipher. Herein, gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA)–poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO) based 3D hydrogel microspheroids are constructed with non‐immunogenicity and controllable macroporous structure to establish a tumor‐immune cell coculture (3D‐HyGTIC) system. In 3D‐HyGTIC system, when immune cells embarked, stepwise up‐regulation of main immune checkpoints (ICs) molecules is observed with compromised cytokine production in CD8+ T cells, the trajectory of which is in lineage correlation with in vivo grafted tumors. Reinvigoration of CD8+ T cells is more obvious with the addition of an anti‐PD‐1 regimen at the early time point, which is recapitulated during the coculture of patient‐derived tumor fragments (PDTF) and autologous T cells. Moreover, the upregulation of LAG‐3 on CD8+ T cells after anti‐PD‐1 treatment is uncovered. Sequential addition of anti‐LAG‐3 successfully rescues the otherwise failed reactivation of CD8+ T cells. Therefore, the 3D‐HyGTIC system is not only inclined to mimic the early differentiation trajectories of tumor‐infiltrating CD8+ T cells but also may facilitate an evaluation of the efficacy of IC blockades and guide the designing of combination immunotherapy.
Mediation of Interface Dipoles on SiOx/Si Nanowire Based Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Photodetectors with Enhanced Wavelength‐Selective Sensing Performances
Authors: Li Jheng‐Yi , Wei Ta‐Cheng , Hsiao Po‐Hsuan , Wu Tsung‐Yen , Chen Chia‐Yun 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe promising hybrid photodetector design is realized through the incorporation of PEDOT:PSS layer with SiOx/Si nanowires (SiNWs), which went beyond the intrinsic limitation of band‐gap associated photosensing characteristics of conventional Si semiconductors toward revolutionarily turning into wavelength‐selective features. These can be interpreted by two determining effects. First, the effective trapping of incident lights with wavelength of 590 nm is evidenced on SiOx/SiNWs. Besides, the creation of interfacial potentials, arising from the positively charged PEDOT:PSS and negatively charged SiOx, manifested the reduction of electron density at PEDOT:PSS surfaces and in turn raised the work function. These features explicitly modulated the carrier‐transport characteristics at hybrid heterojunctions, which accounted for the suppression of photocurrents under light excitations with wavelengths of either 365 nm or 850 nm. The established photodetectors with optimal oxidation treatment resulted in the substantial improvement of both device responsivity and detectivity above 11 times beyond the PEDOT:PSS/SiNWs designs, which shed new light on practical applications of hybrid photodetectors.
Metasurface‐Based Fiber‐to‐Chip Multiplexing Coupler
Authors: Chen Rui , Chang Yu‐ke , Zhuang Ze‐peng , Liu Yan , Chen Wen‐jie , Dong Jian‐wen 
Published: January 2023

AbstractHere, a metasurface‐based fiber‐to‐chip multiplexing coupler is presented that can realize flexible mode conversion and multiplexing coupling between few‐mode fibers and on‐chip single‐mode waveguides. The proposed approach makes use of the symmetrical characteristics of fiber eigenmodes and high freedom of light phase manipulation to obtain the functional phase distribution of metasurfaces. The use of cylindrical nanopillar as metasurface nanostructures ensures its polarization independent optical response. Several fiber‐to‐chip multiplexing couplers are demonstrated by using the angular spectrum methods and the finite‐difference time‐domain (FDTD) simulations. It is found that the two or three modes can be flexibly demultiplexed and then be coupled into the corresponding on‐chip waveguides with low crosstalk. Further, two possible fabrication schemes for multiplexing couplers are proposed and then the related fabrication tolerances and misalignment effects are evaluated and discussed. Compared with traditional on‐chip couplers, metasurface‐based couplers have advantages of ultracompact footprint and low crosstalk. Such study explores the application of metasurfaces in multiplexing coupling between few‐mode fiber and on‐chip single‐mode waveguides, which is expected to break through the bottleneck of current mode‐division multiplexing technologies in optical interconnection and meet the ever‐increasing demand for large data throughput of the photonic integrated chips.
A Bidirectional Single‐Cell Migration and Retrieval Chip for Quantitative Study of Dendritic Cell Migration
Authors: Shao Ning , Zhou Yufu , Yao Jun , Zhang Pengchao , Song Yanni , Zhang Kai , Han Xin , Wang Bin , Liu Xuewu 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDendritic cell (DC) migration is a fundamental step during execution of its adaptive immunity functions. Studying DC migration characteristics is critical for development of DC‐dependent allergy treatments, vaccines, and cancer immunotherapies. Here, a microfluidics‐based single‐cell migration platform is described that enables high‐throughput and precise bidirectional cell migration assays. It also allows selective retrieval of cell subpopulations that have different migratory potentials. Using this microfluidic platform, DC migration is investigated in response to different chemoattractants and inhibitors, quantitatively describe DC migration patterns and retrieve DC subpopulations of different migratory potentials for differential gene expression analysis. This platform opens an avenue for precise characterization of cell migration and potential discovery of therapeutic modulators.
Effect of Molecular Weight on the Morphology of a Polymer Semiconductor–Thermoplastic Elastomer Blend
Authors: Peña‐Alcántara Amnahir , Nikzad Shayla , Michalek Lukas , Prine Nathaniel , Wang Yunfei , Gong Huaxin , Ponte Elisa , Schneider Sebastian , Wu Yilei , Root Samuel E. , He Mingqian , Tok Jeffrey B.‐H. , Gu Xiaodan , Bao Zhenan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPolymer semiconductors (PSCs) are essential active materials in mechanically stretchable electronic devices. However, many exhibit low fracture strain due to their rigid chain conformation and the presence of large crystalline domains. Here, a PSC/elastomer blend, poly[((2,6‐bis(thiophen‐2‐yl)‐3,7‐bis(9‐octylnonadecyl)thieno[3,2‐b]thieno[2′,3′:4,5]thieno[2,3‐d]thiophene)‐5,5′‐diyl)(2,5‐bis(8‐octyloctadecyl)‐3,6‐di(thiophen‐2‐yl)pyrrolo[3,4‐c]pyrrole‐1,4‐dione)‐5,5′‐diyl]] (P2TDPP2TFT4) and polystyrene‐block‐poly(ethylene‐ran‐butylene)‐block‐polystyrene (SEBS) are systematically investigated. Specifically, the effects of molecular weight of both SEBS and P2TDPP2TFT4 on the resulting blend morphology, mechanical, and electrical properties are explored. In addition to commonly used techniques, atomic force microscopy‐based nanomechanical images are used to provide additional insights into the blend film morphology. Opposing trends in SEBS‐induced aggregation are observed for the different P2TDPP2TFT4 molecular weights upon increasing the SEBS molecular weight from 87 to 276 kDa. Furthermore, these trends are seen in device performance trends for both molecular weights of P2TDPP2TFT4. SEBS molecular weight also has a substantial influence on the mesoscale phase separation. Strain at fracture increases dramatically upon blending, reaching a maximum value of 640% ± 20% in the blended films measured with film‐on‐water method. These results highlight the importance of molecular weight for electronic devices. In addition, this study provides valuable insights into appropriate polymer selections for stretchable semiconducting thin films that simultaneously possess excellent mechanical and electrical properties.
Relationship of perceived neighborhood danger with depression and PTSD among veterans: The moderating role of social support and neighborhood cohesion
Authors: Galovski Tara E. , Rossi Fernanda S. , Fox Annie B. , Vogt Dawne , Duke Christopher C. , Nillni Yael I. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractLittle is known about the impact of perceived neighborhood danger on military veterans' mental health, a population potentially at higher risk for this experience, or whether interpersonal social support and neighborhood cohesion can help buffer against poor mental health. This study examined: (1) the impact of perceived neighborhood danger on depression and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among veterans; (2) whether interpersonal social support and neighborhood cohesion can mitigate these effects; and (3) how prior trauma history may interact with these factors. Six moderation models were examined using data from 3049 veterans enrolled in the Longitudinal Investigation of Gender, Health, and Trauma study, a mail‐based survey that oversampled for veterans in high crime neighborhoods. Most notably, results indicated that perceived neighborhood danger was associated with increased depression and PTSD (all p < .001). Interpersonal social support or neighborhood cohesion mitigated the effect of perceived neighborhood danger on veterans' depression, but, only for those without prior trauma (all p < .011). For trauma‐exposed veterans, interpersonal social support was more effective in mitigating the effect of perceived neighborhood danger on depression than neighborhood cohesion (p = .006). Findings help inform interventions to improve the mental health of veterans living in high crime neighborhoods.
Venous thromboembolism after COVID‐19 vaccination in patients with thrombophilia
Authors: Houghton Damon E. , Wysokinski Waldemar E. , Padrnos Leslie J. , Shah Surbhi , Wysokinska Ewa , Pruthi Rajiv , Ghorbanzadeh Atefeh , Ashrani Aneel , Sridharan Meera , McBane Robert D. , Padmanabhan Anand , Casanegra Ana I. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPatients with thrombophilia remain concerned about venous thromboembolism (VTE) risk with COVID‐19 vaccinations. The aim of this study was to examine VTE outcomes in patients with inherited or acquired thrombophilia who were vaccinated for COVID‐19. Vaccinated patients ≥18 years between November 1, 2020 and November 1, 2021 were analyzed using electronic medical records across the Mayo Clinic enterprise. The primary outcome was imaging confirmed acute VTE occurring 90 days before and after the date of the first vaccine dose. Thrombophilia patients were identified through laboratory testing results and ICD‐10 codes. A total of 792 010 patients with at least one COVID‐19 vaccination were identified. Six thousand sixty‐seven of these patients were found to have a thrombophilia, among whom there was a total of 39 VTE events after compared to 51 VTE events before vaccination (0.64% vs. 0.84%, p = .20). In patients with Factor V Leiden or prothrombin gene mutation, VTE occurred in 27 patients before and in 29 patients after vaccination (0.61 vs. 0.65%, p = .79). In patients with antiphospholipid syndrome, VTE occurred in six patients before and four patients after vaccination (0.59% vs. 0.39%, p = .40). No difference was observed in the overall VTE rate when comparing the postvaccination 90 days to the prevaccination 90 days, adjusted hazard ratio 0.81 (95% confidence interval: 0.53–1.23). In this subgroup of COVID‐19 vaccinated patients with thrombophilia, there was no increased risk for acute VTE postvaccination compared to the prevaccination timeframe. These results are consistent with prior studies and should offer additional reassurance to patients with inherited or acquired thrombophilia.