bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
uGMRT observations of the hot-Saturn WASP-69b: Radio-Loud Exoplanet–Exomoon Survey II (RLEES II)
Authors: Narang Mayank , Oza Apurva V , Hakim Kaustubh , Manoj P , Tyagi Himanshu , Banerjee Bihan , Surya Arun , Nayak Prasanta K , Banyal Ravinder K , Thorngren Daniel P 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
Exomoons have so far eluded ongoing searches. Several studies have exploited transit and transit timing variations and high-resolution spectroscopy to identify potential exomoon candidates. One method of detecting and confirming these exomoons is to search for signals of planet-moon interactions. In this work, we present the first radio observations of the exomoon candidate system WASP-69b. Based on the detection of alkali metals in the transmission spectra of WASP-69b, it was deduced that the system might be hosting an exomoon. WASP-69b is also one of the exoplanet systems that will be observed as part of JWST cycle-1 GTO. This makes the system an excellent target to observe and follow up. We observed the system for 32 h at 150 and 218 MHz using the upgraded Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (uGMRT). Though we do not detect radio emission from the systems, we place strong 3σ upper limits of 3.3 mJy at 150 MHz and 0.9 mJy at 218 MHz. We then use these upper limits to estimate the maximum mass-loss from the exomoon candidate.
Pulse profile modelling of thermonuclear burst oscillations − I. The effect of neglecting variability
Authors: Kini Yves , Salmi Tuomo , Watts Anna L , Vinciguerra Serena , Choudhury Devarshi , Fenne Siem , Bogdanov Slavko , Meisel Zach , Suleimanov Valery 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
We study the effects of the time-variable properties of thermonuclear X-ray bursts on modelling their millisecond-period burst oscillations. We apply the pulse profile modelling technique that is being used in the analysis of rotation-powered millisecond pulsars by the Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer to infer masses, radii, and geometric parameters of neutron stars. By simulating and analysing a large set of models, we show that overlooking burst time-scale variability in temperatures and sizes of the hot emitting regions can result in substantial bias in the inferred mass and radius. To adequately infer neutron star properties, it is essential to develop a model for the time-variable properties or invest a substantial amount of computational time in segmenting the data into non-varying pieces. We discuss prospects for constraints from proposed future X-ray telescopes.
Cosmological constraints from galaxy clusters and groups in the eROSITA final equatorial depth survey
Authors: Chiu I-Non , Klein Matthias , Mohr Joseph , Bocquet Sebastian 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
We present the first cosmological study of a sample of eROSITA clusters, which were identified in the eROSITA Final Equatorial Depth Survey (eFEDS). In a joint selection on X-ray and optical observables, the sample contains 455 clusters within a redshift range of 0.1 &lt; z &lt; 1.2, of which 177 systems are covered by the public data from the Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) survey that enables uniform weak-lensing cluster mass constraints. With minimal assumptions, at each cluster redshift we empirically model (1) the scaling relations between the cluster halo mass and the observables, which include the X-ray count rate, the optical richness, and the weak-lensing mass, and (2) the X-ray selection in terms of the completeness function $\mathcal {C}$. Using the richness distribution of the clusters, we directly measure the X-ray completeness and adopt those measurements as informative priors for the parameters of $\mathcal {C}$. In a blinded analysis, we obtain the cosmological constraints $\Omega _{\mathrm{m}}= 0.245^{+0.048}_{-0.058}$, $\sigma _{8}= 0.833^{+0.075}_{-0.063}$, and $S_{8}\equiv \sigma _{8}\left(\Omega _{\mathrm{m}}/0.3\right)^{0.3}= 0.791^{+0.028}_{-0.031}$ in a flat ΛCDM cosmology. Extending to a flat wCDM cosmology leads to the constraint on the equation of state parameter of the dark energy of w = −1.25 ± 0.47. The eFEDS constraints are in good agreement with the results from the Planck mission, the galaxy–galaxy lensing and clustering analysis of the Dark Energy Survey, and the cluster abundance analysis of the SPT-SZ survey at a level of ≲ 1σ. With the empirical modelling, this work presents the first fully self-consistent cosmological constraints based on a synergy between wide-field X-ray and weak lensing surveys.
Multi-wavelength aperture polarimetry of debris disc host stars
Authors: Marshall Jonathan P , Cotton Daniel V , Bott Kimberly , Bailey Jeremy , Kedziora-Chudczer Lucyna , Brown Emma L 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
Debris discs around main sequence stars have been extensively characterized from infrared to millimetre wavelengths through imaging, spectroscopic, and total intensity (scattered light and/or thermal emission) measurements. Polarimetric observations have only been used sparingly to interpret the composition, structure, and size of dust grains in these discs. Here, we present new multiwavelength aperture polarization observations with parts-per-million sensitivity of a sample of twelve bright debris discs, spanning a broad range of host star spectral types, and disc properties. These measurements were mostly taken with the HIgh Precision Polarimetric Instrument on the Anglo-Australian Telescope. We combine these polarization observations with the known disc architectures and geometries of the discs to interpret the measurements. We detect significant polarization attributable to circumstellar dust from HD 377 and HD 39060, and find tentative evidence for HD 188228 and HD 202628.
A search for thermal gyro-synchrotron emission from hot stellar coronae
Authors: Golay Walter W , Mutel Robert L , Lipman Dani , Güdel Manuel 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
We searched for thermal gyro-synchrotron radio emission from a sample of five radio-loud stars whose X-ray coronae contain a hot ($T_e\gt 10^7\,$K) thermal component. We used the JVLA to measure Stokes I and V/I spectral energy distributions (SEDs) over the frequency range 15 – 45 GHz, determining the best-fitting model parameters using power-law and thermal gyro-synchrotron emission models. The SEDs of the three chromospherically active binaries (Algol, UX Arietis, HR 1099) were well-fit by a power-law gyro-synchrotron model, with no evidence for a thermal component. However, the SEDs of the two weak-lined T Tauri stars (V410 Tau, HD 283572) had a circularly polarized enhancement above 30 GHz that was inconsistent with a pure power-law distribution. These spectra were well-fit by summing the emission from an extended coronal volume of power-law gyro-synchrotron emission and a smaller region with thermal plasma and a much stronger magnetic field emitting thermal gyro-synchrotron radiation. We used Bayesian inference to estimate the physical plasma parameters of the emission regions (characteristic size, electron density, temperature, power-law index, and magnetic field strength and direction) using independently measured radio sizes, X-ray luminosities, and magnetic field strengths as priors, where available. The derived parameters were well-constrained but somewhat degenerate. The power-law and thermal volumes in the pre-main-sequence stars are probably not co-spatial, and we speculate they may arise from two distinct regions: a tangled-field magnetosphere where reconnection occurs and a recently discovered low-latitude poloidal magnetic field, respectively.
Why the observed spin evolution of older-than-solar-like stars might not require a dynamo mode change
Authors: Kotorashvili Ketevan , Blackman Eric G , Owen James E 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
The spin evolution of main-sequence stars has long been of interest for basic stellar evolution, stellar ageing, stellar activity, and consequent influence on companion planets. Observations of older-than-solar late-type main-sequence stars have been interpreted to imply that a change from a dipole-dominated magnetic field to one with more prominent higher multipoles might be necessary to account for the data. The spin-down models that lead to this inference are essentially tuned to the Sun. Here, we take a different approach that considers individual stars as fixed points rather than just the Sun. We use a time-dependent theoretical model to solve for the spin evolution of low-mass main-sequence stars that includes a Parker-type wind and a time-evolving magnetic field coupled to the spin. Because the wind is exponentially sensitive to the stellar mass over radius and the coronal base temperature, the use of each observed star as a separate fixed point is more appropriate and, in turn, produces a set of solution curves that produces a solution envelope rather than a simple line. This envelope of solution curves, unlike a single line fit, is consistent with the data and does not unambiguously require a modal transition in the magnetic field to explain it.
Getting in shape with minimal energy: a variational principle for protohaloes
Authors: Musso Marcello , Sheth Ravi K 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
In analytical models of structure formation, protohaloes are routinely assumed to be peaks of the smoothed initial density field, with the smoothing filter being spherically symmetric. This works reasonably well to identify a protohalo’s centre of mass, but not its shape. To provide a more realistic description of protohalo boundaries, one must go beyond the spherical picture. We suggest that this can be done by looking for regions of fixed volume, but arbitrary shape, that minimize the enclosed energy. Such regions are delimited by surfaces over which (a slightly modified version of) the gravitational potential is constant. We show that these equipotential surfaces provide an excellent description of protohalo shapes, orientations, and associated torques.
exFINDER: identify external communication signals using single-cell transcriptomics data
Authors: He Changhan , Zhou Peijie , Nie Qing 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Cells make decisions through their communication with other cells and receiving signals from their environment. Using single-cell transcriptomics, computational tools have been developed to infer cell–cell communication through ligands and receptors. However, the existing methods only deal with signals sent by the measured cells in the data, the received signals from the external system are missing in the inference. Here, we present exFINDER, a method that identifies such external signals received by the cells in the single-cell transcriptomics datasets by utilizing the prior knowledge of signaling pathways. In particular, exFINDER can uncover external signals that activate the given target genes, infer the external signal-target signaling network (exSigNet), and perform quantitative analysis on exSigNets. The applications of exFINDER to scRNA-seq datasets from different species demonstrate the accuracy and robustness of identifying external signals, revealing critical transition-related signaling activities, inferring critical external signals and targets, clustering signal-target paths, and evaluating relevant biological events. Overall, exFINDER can be applied to scRNA-seq data to reveal the external signal-associated activities and maybe novel cells that send such signals.
Dietary pattern, food, and nutritional supplement effects on cognitive outcomes in mild cognitive impairment: a systematic review of previous reviews
Authors: Andrews Victoria , Zammit Gabrielle , O’Leary Fiona 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Context
Nutritional interventions may benefit cognition in people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). However, evidence is yet to be synthesized in a way that can inform recommendations for clinical and public health settings.

Objective
To systematically review evidence on the effect of dietary patterns, foods, and nutritional supplements on cognitive decline in individuals with MCI.

Data Sources
Guided by the Preferred Reporting items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols 2015 statement, the Medline, EMBASE, and CINAHL databases, the JBI Database of Systematic Reviews and Implementation Reports, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects were searched (publication years 2005 to 2020). Included studies were English-language systematic reviews and meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials and cohort studies reporting on the effectiveness of nutritional interventions on cognition of individuals with MCI.

Data Extraction
Two reviewers independently selected studies and extracted data on cognitive outcomes and adverse events. Review quality was assessed using AMSTAR 2 (A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews–2). Primary study overlap was managed following Cochrane Handbook guidelines.

Data Analysis
Of the 6677 records retrieved, 20 reviews were included, which, in turn, reported on 43 randomized controlled trials and 1 cohort study that, together, addressed 18 nutritional interventions. Most reviews were limited by quality and the small number of primary studies with small sample sizes. Reviews were mostly positive for B vitamins, omega-3 fatty acids, and probiotics (including 12, 11 and 4 primary studies, respectively). Souvenaid and the Mediterranean diet reduced cognitive decline or Alzheimer’s disease progression in single trials with &lt;500 participants. Findings from studies with a small number of participants suggest vitamin D, a low-carbohydrate diet, medium-chain triglycerides, blueberries, grape juice, cocoa flavanols, and Brazil nuts may improve individual cognitive subdomains, but more studies are needed.

Conclusions
Few nutritional interventions were found to convincingly improve cognition of individuals with MCI. More high-quality research in MCI populations is required to determine if nutritional treatments improve cognition and/or reduce progression to dementia.

Systematic review registration
Open Science Framework protocol identifier DOI:10.17605/OSF.IO/BEP2S.
External Validity of Two Scores for Predicting the Risk of Chemotherapy Toxicity Among Older Patients With Solid Tumors: Results From the ELCAPA Prospective Cohort
Authors: Frelaut Maxime , Paillaud Elena , Beinse Guillaume , Scain Anne-Laure , Culine Stéphane , Tournigand Christophe , Poisson Johanne , Bastuji-Garin Sylvie , Canoui-Poitrine Florence , Caillet Philippe 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background
Severe chemotherapy-related toxicities are frequent among older patients. The Chemotherapy Risk Assessment Scale for High-Age Patients (CRASH) and the Cancer and Aging Research Group Study (CARG) score were both developed to predict these events.

Patients and Methods
The objective of this study was to evaluate the scores’ predictive performance in a prospective cohort, which included patients aged 70 years and older referred for a geriatric assessment prior to chemotherapy for a solid tumor. The main endpoints were grades 3/4/5 toxicities for the CARG score and grades 4/5 hematologic toxicities and grades 3/4/5 non-hematologic toxicities for the CRASH score.

Results
A total of 248 patients were included, of which 150 (61%) and 126 (51%) experienced at least one severe adverse event as defined respectively in CARG and CRASH studies. The incidence of adverse events was not significantly greater in the intermediate and high-risk CARG groups than in the low-risk group (odds ratio (OR) [95% CI] = 0.3 [0.1-1.4] (P = .1) and 0.4 [0.1-1.7], respectively). The area under curve (AUC) was 0.55. Similarly, the incidence of severe toxicities was no greater in the intermediate-low, intermediate-high, and high-risk CRASH groups than in the low-risk CRASH group (OR [95%CI] = 1 [0.3-3.6], 1 [0.3-3.4], and 1.5 [0.3-8.1], respectively). The AUC was 0.52. The type of cancer, performance status, comorbidities, body mass index, and MAX2 index were independently associated with grades 3/4/5 toxicities.

Conclusion
In an external cohort of older patients referred for a pretherapeutic GA, the CARG and CRASH scores were poor predictors of the risk of chemotherapy severe toxicities.
Bipolar Androgen Therapy Followed by Androgen Receptor Inhibition as Sequential Therapy for Prostate Cancer
Authors: Denmeade Samuel R , Sena Laura A , Wang Hao , Antonarakis Emmanuel S , Markowski Mark C 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Inhibition of androgen receptor (AR) signaling has been the mainstay of treatment of advanced prostate cancer (PCa) for the past 80 years. Combination and sequential AR-inhibiting therapies are highly effective palliative therapy, but they are not curative. All patients eventually develop resistance to primary castrating therapy [ie, castration-resistant PCa (CRPC)]. At this point, they are treated with subsequent lines of secondary AR inhibitory therapies. However, resistance to these agents also develops and patients progress to a state we have termed complete androgen inhibition-resistant PCa. This phase of the disease is associated with poor prognosis. At this point, treatment shifts to non-hormonal cytotoxic therapies (eg, chemotherapy and radiopharmaceuticals). However, the majority of PCas remain addicted to signaling through AR throughout the course of the disease. Resistant PCa cells adaptively upregulate AR activity, despite castration and AR inhibitors, via mechanisms such as AR overexpression, gene amplification, mutation, and expression of ligand-independent variants to permit sustained liganded and non-liganded AR signaling. Studies dating back nearly 30 years indicate that high expression of AR induced by prolonged castration becomes a vulnerability of CRPC cells in vitro and in mouse xenografts to supraphysiologic androgen (SPA), which induces cell death and growth arrest in this context. Based on these studies, we developed a counterintuitive treatment called bipolar androgen therapy (BAT) for patients with CRPC, in which SPA is administered intermittently to result in cycling of serum testosterone from the polar extremes of supraphysiologic to near-castrate levels. This rapid cycling is intended to disrupt the adaptive of AR regulation associated with chronic exposure to high or low levels of testosterone, while simultaneously targeting the spectrum of AR expression present in heterogeneous CRPC tumors. We have now tested BAT in &gt;250 patients with CRPC. Here we present a review of these clinical studies, which have demonstrated collectively that BAT can be safely given to men with CRPC, improves quality of life, and produces therapeutic responses in ~30% of patients. As expected, resistance to BAT is associated with adaptive downregulation of AR expression. Intriguingly, this downregulation is associated with restoration of sensitivity to subsequent AR inhibitor therapies.
Studying individual-level interactions can transform our understanding of avian mixed-species flocks
Authors: Vander Meiden Laura N , Shizuka Daizaburo , Johnson Allison E 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Avian mixed-species flocks are ubiquitous across habitats and a model for studying how heterospecific sociality influences the behavior and composition of animal communities. Here, we review the literature on mixed-species flocks and argue that a renewed focus on individual-level interactions among flock members can transform our understanding of this iconic, avian social system. Specifically, we suggest that an individual perspective will further our understanding of (1) how inter- and intraspecific variation in flock participation links to fitness costs and benefits, (2) the implications of familiarity between individuals in structuring mixed-species flock communities, and (3) how social roles within mixed-species flocks are related to social behavior within and across species. We summarize studies that use an individual perspective in each of these areas and discuss knowledge from conspecific social behavior to posit more broadly how individuals may shape mixed-species flocks. We encourage research approaches that incorporate individual variation in traits, relationships, and social roles in their assessment of mixed-species flocking dynamics. We propose that the analysis of individual variation in behavior will be particularly important for explicitly identifying fitness outcomes that led to the evolution of mixed-species flocks, which in turn affect community structure and resilience.
The impact of music, play, and pet therapies in managing pain and anxiety in paediatric patients in hospital: a rapid systematic review
Authors: Goren Katherine , Cen Yuchen , Montemurri Vanessa , Moodley Dirusha , Sutton Arielle , Ahmed Alveena , Alphonsus Lotus , Denezis Peter , Fleming Courtney , Guertin Hailey , Hyland Kiley , Kalim Ayesha , Kim Harry Hyunteh , Krause Sarah , Liang Aileen , Maclean Eleanor , Neocleous Penelope , Patel Arjun , Pritchard Sharon , Purcell Victoria , Qaqish Michael , Ryall Stephanie , Shum Kathryn , Suwary Kylie , Vucetic Andrea , Skinner Jamila , Woolsey Amadene , Marcotte Emily 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background
Hospitalized children face pain and anxiety associated with the environment and procedures.

Objective
This review aimed to assess the impact of music, play, pet and art therapies on pain and anxiety in hospitalized paediatric patients. RCTs assessing the impact of music, play, pet, and/or art therapies on pain and/or anxiety in hospitalized paediatric patients were eligible.

Methods
Database searching and citation screening was completed to identify studies. A narrative synthesis was used to summarize study findings and certainty of evidence was assessed using GRADE. Of the 761 documents identified, 29 were included spanning music (n = 15), play (n = 12), and pet (n = 3) therapies.

Results
A high certainty of evidence supported play in reducing pain and moderate certainty for music and pet. A moderate certainty of evidence supported music and play in reducing anxiety.

Conclusion
Complementary therapies utilized alongside conventional medical treatment may mitigate pain and anxiety in hospitalized paediatric patients.
Trust, Distrust, and ‘Medical Gaslighting’
Authors: Barnes Elizabeth 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
When are we obligated to believe someone? To what extent are people authorities about their own experiences? What kind of harm might we enact when we doubt? Questions like these lie at the heart of many debates in social and feminist epistemology, and they’re the driving issue behind a key conceptual framework in these debates—gaslighting. But while the concept of gaslighting has provided fruitful insight, it's also proven somewhat difficult to adjudicate, and seems prone to over-application. In what follows, I argue that Katherine Hawley's theory of trust can provide a useful alternative lens for looking at contested testimony. To do this, I focus on a particularly complex—but increasingly popular—application of gaslighting: the physician/patient relationship, and the idea of ‘medical gaslighting’. I argue that, even though patients can experience harm when they are disbelieved, there are nevertheless good reasons for physicians not to trust patients about at least some of their own narratives.