bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preparation of Hydrophobic Nylon 6-Phenol Resin Derivative Polymer Blends for the Dielectric application and Theoretical Evaluation of their Hydrophobic Property
Authors: Vedamurthy Thiruvengadam , Lai Chin Hung , Vamhindi Berthelot Saïd Duvalier Ramlina 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Developing a polymer dielectric material is always a demand in the polymer industry especially in the electronic industry for the application of microelectronic device designing. In this paper, hydrophobic nylon6-phenol resin derivative polymer blends was prepared by Mannich reaction to evaluate their dielectric property. The obtained product was characterized by FTIR, XRD, TGA and screened for the hydrophobic, mechanical and dielectric properties. Good mechanical property with hydrophobic nature was observed for the prepared polymer blends. The theoretical study also proofs the existence of hydrophobic nature in the blends. Moreover, the blends has good thermal stability with a decomposition temperature above 400 °C. The frequency depended dielectric property shows high dielectric constant. This thermally stable, hydrophobic, dielectric polymer could be used as a potential material for application of microelectronic device designing.
Potential utilization of lignocellulosic biomass to a high-value platform chemical -- 2-ethylhexanol
Authors: Sun Chongran , Zhang Shuangfei , Gao Binyuan , Yang Tao , Cheng Haina , Wang Yuguang , Zhou Hongbo , Chen Zhu 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
2-Ethylhexanol is a versatile platform chemical with extensive applications in various fields. Currently, 2-ethylhexanol is exclusively produced from petroleum resources. However, the increased market demand for it and the depletion of fossil resources would entail the production of 2-ethylhexanol in a more sustainable way. Production of 2-ethylhexanol from renewable lignocellulosic biomass could be an alternative pathway. Here, we reviewed the applications of 2-ethylhexanol in different fields, with a focus on the renewable production of bio-based fuels, plasticizer, lubricant and surfactant from 2-ethylhexanol. Moreover, the possible pathways for renewable production of 2-ethylhexanol from lignocellulosic biomass are also discussed. Finally, future perspectives on renewable production of 2-ethylhexanol are also provided.
Impacts of different growing media on the quality traits and phytochemical compounds of tomato throughout cold storage
Authors: Yoruk Esin , Ates Umut , OZER Harun , Ozturk Burhan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose and Methods; The main aim of the study was to assess the effects of different growing media [tomato stalk waste (TSW) and pre-treated tomato stalk waste (PTSW)] prepared from tomato waste developed as an alternative to commercial growing media (cocopeat and peat + perlite) used in soilless culture on quality traits and phytochemical compounds of tomato fruit (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. 'Bandita F1') during cold storage. The fruit was stored at 8 ± 0.5°C and 90 ± 5% relative humidity (R.H.) for 14 d.Results; During cold storage, the lowest weight loss was detected in TSW, the lowest respiration rate in peat + perlite treatment. The firmness of tomato fruit grown in cocopeat and PTSW media was higher than that of peat + perlite and TSW. At harvest and day 7, a* value (redness) of peat + perlite and PTSW treatments were higher than the TSW treatment. In all measurement periods, TSW treatment had higher soluble solids, titratable acidity and vitamin C content than peat + perlite treatment. Total phenolics, flavonoids and antioxidant activity were higher in TSW, PTSW and peat + perlite treatments than in cocopeat.Conclusions; As a result, it can be stated that TSW and PTSW media can be used as a growing medium to delay weight loss and maintain the quality of tomato fruit during cold storage.
Periostin promotes tumor growth and recruits M2 tumor-associated macrophages in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Yang Lina , Wang Ningbo , Fan Xin , Jiang Jun , Zhang Xiaofang , Zhang Rui , Bian Ka 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Purpose
POSTN as an ECM protein and M2-polarized TAMs exhibit pro-tumor roles. However, having little knowledge of the influence of POSTN on the proliferation of HNSCC cells and the crosstalk between POSTN and M2-skewed macrophages in HNSCC.
Materials and Methods
We applied the public database to analyze the association of this differential expression gene with the survival rate and CD206 in HNSCC. Through IHC staining, we further explored the protein expression of POSTN and its correlation with CD206 via linear regression analysis. We explored the effect of POSTN on the proliferation of HNSCC cells and the regulatory mechanism of POSTN for macrophages by lentivirus infection, Western blotting, CCK-8, plate clone formation assay, immunofluorescence staining, Transwell, Western blotting, and qRT-PCR experiments.
Results
We uncovered that the mRNA and protein expression levels of POSTN were overexpressed in HNSCC tissues and it was decreased as the survival rate elevated. We discovered the mRNA expression level of CD206 is up-regulated in HNSCC tissues, which showed a conspicuously positive correlation with POSTN in mRNA and protein levels. IHC analysis demonstrated the association between high POSTN protein expression and lymph node metastasis. Our study suggested that POSTN promoted HNSCC cell proliferation and also fostered chemotactic migration and the activation of M2 likely mediated by integrinβ3.
Conclusion
Our study suggested POSTN as an oncogene in tumor progression, revealed the crosstalk of it between tumor cells and macrophages probably through the interaction with integrinβ3, and emphasized the possibility of treating HNSCC by targeting POSTN or POSTN-mediated TAM recruitment.
Prevalence of gastroparesis in diabetic patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: li lianxin , Wang Luyao , Long Ruolan , Song Linrui , Yue Ren song 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
AIM: Diabetic gastroparesis (DGP) is one of the most common chronic complications of diabetes. Studies have shown that approximately 75% of people with diabetes experience some form of gastrointestinal symptoms. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of DGP in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) through a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.
METHODS: The databases Zhiwang, Wanfang, Wipu, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Embase were searched for all observational studies published before October 1, 2022. Articles eligible for review were screened by two independent reviewers. Using STATA 17.0, we conducted a meta-analysis of DGP prevalence in DM patients based on a random effects model.
RESULTS: A total of 1,168 articles were considered based on titles and abstracts, and 14 papers were retained following a full-text review. According to estimates, diabetes patients were affected by DGP at a combined rate of 9.3% (95% CI 7.6%–11%).
Although there was no significant heterogeneity in the meta-publication, sensitivity analyses revealed significant heterogeneity. Overall, the prevalence was higher in women (N = 6, R = 4.6%, 95% CI = 3.1%, 6.0%, and I2 = 99.8%) than in men (N = 6, R = 3.4%, 95% CI = 2.0%, 4.7%, and I2 = 99.6the %); prevalence of type 2 diabetes (N = 9, R = 12.5%, 95% CI = 7.7%, 17.3%, and I2 = 95.4%) was higher than type 1 diabetes (N = 7, R = 8.3%, 95% CI = 6.4%, 10.2%, and I2 = 93.6%); the prevalence of DGP was slightly lower in DM patients aged over 60 years (N = 6, R = 5.5%, 95% CI = 3.3%, 7.7%, and I2 = 99.9%) compared to patients under 60 years of age (N = 12, R = 15.8%, 95% CI = 11 15.8%, 95% CI = 11.4%, 20.2%, and I2 = 88.3%).
In conclusion, our findings indicate that the combined estimated prevalence of gastroparesis in diabetic patients is 9.3%. However, the sensitivity of the results is high, the robustness is low, and there are significant bias factors. The subgroup analysis revealed that the prevalence of DM-DGP is associated with factors such as gender, diabetes staging, age, and study method.
Predictive validity of the six-dimension structure of the Impact of Event Scale- Revised for PTSD and related-cardiometabolic consequences (hypertension and obesity) among dental healthcare workers during COVID-19
Authors: Ali Amira M. , Al-Dossary Saeed A. , Aljubilah Aljawharah , Atout Maha , Khatatbeh Haitham , Alkhamees Abdulmajeed A. , Al-Dwaikat Tariq 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The diagnostic criteria of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have lately expanded beyond the three common symptoms (intrusion, avoidance, and hyperarousal). Simultaneously, four-, five-, and six-dimensional structures of the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R), a popular PTSD measure, seem to be more robust than the original three-dimension structure. PTSD and/or specific PTSD symptoms may also evoke adverse cardiometabolic events (e.g., hypertension and obesity) in certain groups. Employing a convenience sample of 58 dental healthcare workers (HCWs) from Russia (mean age = 44.1 ± 12.2 years, 82.8% females), this instrumental study examined the criterion and predictive validity of two IES-R structures: the IES-R3 and the IES-R6 (with added symptoms of numbing, sleep disturbance, and irritability). The subscales of the two IES-R structures expressed good internal consistency, strong correlations with the PTSD Symptom Scale (PSS), hypertension diagnosis, and high body mass index (BMI). In receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, all IES-R models perfectly predicted the PSS (all area under the curve (AUC) values > 0.9, p values < 0.001). The IES-R, both hyperarousal subscales, and the IES-R3 intrusion significantly predicted high BMI. The IES-R did not predict hypertension, but the avoidance subscales and the IES-R3 intrusion significantly predicted it. In conclusion, both IES-R structures can reliably measure PTSD symptoms. The IES-R, hyperarousal, and intrusion may be credible criterion variables for predicting high BMI within PTSD while the intrusion and avoidance subscales may more reliably reflect the cardiovascular consequences of the stress reaction associated with PTSD than the IES-R itself. It is pivotal to verify the results in specific groups (e.g., those with confirmed traumatic exposure and comorbid mood dysfunction). Replication of the study in larger samples, which comprise different physical and metal conditions from heterogenous cultural contexts is necessary.
Prediction of adolescent weight status by machine learning: a population-based study
Authors: Liu Hengyan , Wu Yik-Chung , Chau Pui Hing , Chung Thomas Wai Hung , Fong Daniel Yee Tak 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Adolescent weight problems have become a growing public health concern, making early prediction of non-normal weight status crucial for effective prevention. However, few temporal prediction tools for adolescent four weight status have been developed. This study aimed to predict the short- and long-term weight status of Hong Kong adolescents and assess the importance of predictors.
Methods
A population-based retrospective cohort study of adolescents was conducted using data from a territory-wide voluntary annual health assessment service provided by the Department of Health in Hong Kong. Using diet habits, physical activity, psychological well-being, and demographics, we generated six prediction models for successive weight status (normal, overweight, obese and underweight) using multiclass Decision Tree, Random Forest, k-Nearest Neighbor, eXtreme gradient boosting, support vector machine, logistic regression. Model performance was evaluated by multiple standard classifier metrics and the overall accuracy. Predictors’ importance was assessed using Shapley values.
Results
442,898 Primary 4 (P4, Grade 4 in the US) and 344,186 in Primary 6 (P6, Grade 6 in the US) students, with followed up until their Secondary 6 (Grade 12 in the US) during the academic years 1995/96 to 2014/15 were included. The XG Boosts model outperformed consistently all other models, predicting the long-term weight status at S6 from P4 or P6 with an overall accuracy of 0.89 or 0.90, respectively. XG Boost also achieved better model performance on each prediction window, and yielded obese group 0.96 precision, 0.98 recall, and 0.97 F-1 score both at S6 by P4 or P6. Weight, height, sex, age, frequency and hours of aerobic exercise were consistently the most important predictors for both cohorts.
Conclusions
The machine learning approaches accurately predict adolescent weight status in both short- and long-term. The developed multiclass model that utilizing easy-assessed variables enables accurate long-term prediction on weight status, which can be used by adolescents and parents for self-prediction when applied in health care system. The interpretable models may help to provide the early and individualized interventions suggestions for adolescents with weight problems particularly.
The influence of Group Heterogeneity on Mask-Wearing and Epidemic Coevolution: a Coupled Disease-Behavior Model
Authors: Yan Song , Yang Qian 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Wearing masks in public is to some extent a matter of group identity. Different groups have varying attitudes and preferences towards mask-wearing which makes the dynamics of concurrent spread of disease and mask-wearing difficult to analyze and interpret.
Methods
In this work, we incorporate group heterogeneity into a coupled disease-behavior model and analyze the effect of group heterogeneity in behavioral preferences for mask-wearing on the joint dynamics of behavior and epidemiology.
Results
Our findings suggest that group heterogeneity in behavioral preferences for mask-wearing leads to a non-monotonic critical shift in mask-wearing rates and disease dynamics. Specifically, when heterogeneity exceeds a critical value, mask-wearing rates fall sharply and disease prevalence rises rapidly. Further, dynamic shifts in the degree of heterogeneity allow for a better understanding of the relationship between policy responses and epidemic dynamics.
Conclusions
We believe that consideration of group heterogeneity in behavioral preferences is necessary and valuable for incorporating models of infectious diseases with behavioral changes.
3D-based strain analysis and cardiotoxicity detection in cancer patients received chemotherapy
Authors: Azzam Muhammad , Alwasef Mohammad , Khalaf Hani , Al-Habbaa Ahmed 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background: Chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity has become a prevalent complication. Regular monitoring of patients who received chemotherapy using 3D strain parameters may aid in early detection of myocardial damage and its prevention. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of three-dimensional speckle tracking imaging (3D-STI) in diagnosing and predicting the likelihood of cardiotoxicity. This was achieved by conducting a systematic review of original research articles.
Objectives: To evaluate the role of 3D speckle tracking echocardiography in early detection of cardiotoxicity
Methods: Relevant case control studies published prior to December 2022 were extracted to assess cardiotoxicity by 3D STE in patients after chemotherapy.
Results: A total of 1991 chemotherapy treated patients and control patients were included in the present review via pooling 22 studies.
Conclusions: 3D speckle tracking echocardiography has the utility of non-invasive and objective evaluation of changes in left ventricular function in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.
ROSPERO registration No: Study ID, CRD42023383790 on PROSPERO: International prospective register of systematic reviews (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/).
A Medial And Lateral Retinacular Plasty versus Medial Retinacular Plasty And Lateral Retinacular Release
Authors: Wang Xiaomeng , Dong Zhenyue , Xu Chenyue , Liu Huixin , Wang Fei 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Medial-lateral retinacular plasty is a new surgical technique designed based on anatomical and biomechanical studies and the advantages of traditional proximal repositioning. To compare the complication rates and outcomes of lateral supportive ligamentoplasty and lateral supportive ligament release for lateral patellar dislocation. In a retrospective study, 71 patients (mean age, 14.40 ± 1.28 years; 45females and 26males) received either medial and lateral retinacular plasty (37 patients) or medial retinacular plasty and LR release (34 patients) between October 2013 and December 2017. The number of patellar apprehension signs, Kujala score and patellar tilt angle(PTA), patellar lateral shift(PLS), congruence angle(CA), and medial patellar glide (MPG) from computed tomography scan have been incorporated into the clinical evaluation. All patients were followed up, and the shortest follow-up time was 2 years. Patients were followed up for a mean period of 29 months (24–38 months). The mean Kujala score was significantly lower (P = 0.027) in the LR release group (82.00 points) than in the LR plasty group (86.35 points). Moreover, there was a significant difference between preoperative and postoperative outcomes for MPG. (P < 0.05). The MPG was smaller in the LR plasty group than the LR release group. In this retrospective study, medial and lateral brachioplasty can effectively correct patellofemoral joint tracking and improve knee function in patients with patellar dislocation.
Regulation of OGD/R-induced inflammatory responses and M1-M2 phenotype switch of BV2 microglia by Lobetyolin
Authors: wang jie , Liu Xin , Wei Wenyi , Yang Jing , Li Qinqing , Chu Shifeng , Liu Pulin , Zhang Junlong , He Wenbin 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objective
To evaluate the protective mechanism of Lobetyolin on OGD/R-induced damage in BV2 cells.
Methods
BV2 cells were pretreated with Lobetyolin, and OGD/R modeling was established using chemical modeling methods to simulate in vivo brain ischemia. The dosage of Lobetyolin and the time and concentration of OGD/R modeling were screened. Changes in cell morphology were observed, and levels of TNF-α, IL-6, iNOS, CD206, and other factors were detected using ELISA. The expression of CKLF1, HIF-1α, TNF-α, CD206, and other proteins was detected using Western Blot. The gene levels of M1 and M2 BV2 markers were analyzed using qPCR. The localization of M1 and M2 BV2 markers was detected using immunofluorescence analysis.
Results
The study found that Lobetyolin could protect BV2 cells from OGD/R damage. In OGD/R-induced BV2 cells, the protein expression of CKLF1/CCR4 increased, while pretreatment with Lobetyolin reduced this increase. In addition, OGD/R-induced BV2 cells tended to be M1 type, but Lobetyolin could make BV2 cells shift from M1 type to M2 type. Lobetyolin could also reduce the expression of TNF-α, HIF-α and increase the expression of TGF-β protein in BV2 cells, which showed a dose-effect relationship. In the qPCR experiment, Lobetyolin reduced the expression of CD16, CD32, and iNOS at the gene level and increased the expression of CCL-22 and TGF-β. Immunofluorescence analysis showed that Lobetyolin could reduce the expression of CD16/CD32 and increase the expression of CD206.
Conclusion
Lobetyolin can protect BV2 cells from OGD/R damage by regulating BV2 polarization and reducing inflammatory responses. CKLF1/CCR4 may participate in the process of regulating BV2 cells polarization by Lobetyolin by regulating the HIF-1α pathway.
Accuracy of Wrist-Worn Activity Trackers for Measuring Steps in Patients after Major Abdominal Surgery
Authors: Li Zhi , Feng Weiyan , Zhou Lili , Gong Shu 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Early mobilization is one of the key elements for successful enhanced recovery after surgery. Wearable activity trackers offer a simple means for objective measurement of postoperative mobilization. However, few studies have validated the accuracy of trackers after major abdominal surgery. We aimed to examine the accuracy of wrist-worn activity trackers in measuring steps of patients during early mobilization after major abdominal surgery; we also explored the influence of clinical variables and gait parameters on the accuracy of the trackers.
Methods
This cross-sectional study was carried out among 45 patients, who were instructed to participate in six-minute walk tests while wearing three trackers simultaneously: the Fitbit Inspire HR, Xiaomi MI 4, and HONOR 5. The differences in displayed steps before and after the walking test were considered as the step counts measured by the trackers; the actual steps taken were determined as the average of the values manually counted by two researchers. The intraclass correlation coefficient, Bland-Altman method, mean percentage error, and mean absolute percentage error were used to assess the accuracy of trackers with reference to manual step counts. The Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis H, and Spearman’s rank correlation tests were used to assess the influence of demographic, clinical, and gait parameters related to step count accuracy.
Results
The three trackers undercounted postoperative steps by -65.5% to -23.5%. Analysis showed low-to-good agreement between step counts recorded by trackers and actual steps (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.35–0.75); the mean absolute percentage errors ranged from 24.5–65.7%. All trackers demonstrated greater error in detecting steps in patients who walked at slower speeds, with shorter strides, had more drains, and participated in the walking tests on earlier postoperative days.
Conclusions
This study offers detailed and novel understanding on the step count underestimation of trackers in the postoperative patient population. Our preliminary results suggest that step count data obtained by trackers in the early postoperative period should be considered with caution.
Effect of Magnesium Addition by Thixoforming Process on Wear Properties of A319 Alloy
Authors: Alhawari Khalid Salim , Omar Mohd Zaidi , Samat Saziana , Aziz Ahmad Muhammad 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The effect of Mg addition (0.5–2.0%) on the as-cast and thixoformed microstructures, hardness and the tribological properties of A319 aluminium alloy was investigated. The investigations highlight the dry sliding wear test behaviour using a pin-on-disk tester configuration under the applied pressures of three loads of 10, 50 and 100 N at a constant sliding speed of 1 m/s and a sliding distance of 9 km. Detailed microstructural morphology studied for these alloys is correlated with the wear properties obtained. Results in the as-cast A319 alloy revealed that Mg addition transformed the Al2Cu phase and Si particle to form the Al5Cu2Mg3Si5 and Mg2Si intermetallic phases during the solidification. Moreover, the platelet-like morphology of β-Al5FeSi intermetallic completely converted to Chinese script-like morphology, π-Al8Mg3FeSi6 phase with the addition of Mg up to 1.5 wt.%. By adding Mg and performing thixoforming, the microstructure of the α-Al phase shows a fine globular primary phase surrounded by uniformly distributed Si and refined fragmented of intermetallic phases formed. The morphology of Mg2Si particles was modified from large, polygonal particles into relatively smaller and more globular, whereas the Chinese script-like morphology π-Al8Mg3FeSi6 changes to a compact shape. Adding Mg up to 2 wt.% increased the hardness at 100 Hv. The increase in Mg content enhances the wear resistance, friction coefficient and volume loss of thixoformed A319 alloy. A combination of abrasion and adhesion for alloys of low Mg dominates the wear mechanism. In contrast, excessive subsurface fracturing and delamination with minor abrasion are mainly observed for alloys of high Mg.