bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Romanian Orthodox elementary denominational schools in Transylvania (1868–1921)
Authors: Brusanowski Paul 
Published: February 2023

This article presents the development of elementary schools supported by the Orthodox Church in Transylvania between 1868 and 1921. Until 1918, Transylvania belonged to Hungary. In 1918, it was united with the Kingdom of Romania. As Hungary was a particularly complex state in ethnic and confessional terms before 1918, the school system developed under the coordination and financing of the churches. The government intended to gradually replace them with schools run by communities or state. It was not until the end of the 19th century that radical measures were taken. The situation was fully resolved just after the unification of Transylvania with Romania when Romanian Orthodox denominational schools were nationalised and transformed into state schools.Contribution: Although summary works on the history of education in Romania or various research on the history of schools at the local level have appeared in Romanian, the impact of governmental and legislative decisions in Hungary on Orthodox confessional education in Transylvania has not been analysed. In German, the historian Joachim von Puttkamer has dealt with this perspective but especially concerning the schools in the Slovak areas of Greater Hungary. This PhD thesis of the author, P Brusanowski, was the first approach in this direction regarding the Romanians in Transylvania. The article presents for the first time in English a short analysis of the relationship of the Orthodox Church authorities in Transylvania to the educational policy decisions of the central authorities in Budapest. The parallel use of the reports of the Ministry of Education to the Hungarian Parliament, and the reports of the school councils of the executive body of the Romanian Orthodox Church in Transylvania to the ecclesiastical legislative forum, is an important part of this article.
Opportunity Cost in Flora Nwapa’s Efuru: Refinancing Efuru’s Inherited Wealth through Uhamiri
Authors: Namulondo Sarah , Grogan Christine 
Published: February 2023

Our essay continues the critical discussion of Flora Nwapa’s treatment of the Ogene family’s involvement in the slave trade and domestic slavery in Efuru, as first articulated in Taiwo Adetunju Osinubi’s 2014 article “Provincializing Slavery: Atlantic Economies in Flora Nwapa’s Efuru”. We agree with Osinubi’s reading of the compromised liberation that Efuru represents and how patriarchal structures are upheld throughout most of the novel. However, we argue that Nwapa begins to outline an important shift towards her novel’s end: from a patriarchal, colonial order back to a matriarchal, precolonial one – at least for the heroine. We support this assertion by revisiting the relationship between Efuru and Ogea to point out its ambivalences, paying close attention to their dynamic at the book’s conclusion. Moreover, we contend that this change is most evident when Efuru is chosen by Uhamiri. We maintain that the wealth Uhamiri bestows provides a way out of paternalistic structures, as it serves as an antidote to the patriarchal inheritance by ensuring that Efuru has a source of income independent from her paternal family’s blood money.
Keragaman spesies gastropoda di zona intertidal Pulau Ambon
Authors: Haumahu Sara , Uneputty Prulley A 
Published: February 2023

Zona intertidal memiliki keragaman spesies organisme laut yang cukup tinggi termasuk spesies gastropoda laut. Sebagian besar spesies gastropoda laut ini dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat khususnya masyarakat yang hidup pada daerah pesisir di Provinsi Maluku. Penelitian tentang keragaman spesies gastropoda khususnya di Pulau Ambon masih sangat terbatas dan belum banyak dipublikasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan komposisi spesies, densitas ekologi, indeks similaritas, indeks keragaman spesies, indeks keserasian dan indeks dominansi spesies gastropoda. Penelitian dilakukan di zona intertidal Pulau Ambon pada lima lokasi sampling. Sampling dilakukan pada bulan Desember-Februari 2022 pada saat air surut di siang hari. Pengambilan sampel gastropoda menggunakan metode transek garis. Ada sekitar 78 spesies gastropoda laut ditemukan dalam penelitian ini. Jumlah spesies dan densitas ekologi bervariasi berdasarkan lokasi sampling. Indeks similaritas dari komunitas gastropoda yang ditemukan dalam penelitian ini bervariasi antara 3,62% dan 34,12%. Indeks keragaman spesies (H`) bervariasi antara H’ = 2,52 dan H` = 2,995. Indeks keseragaman (evenness index-J`) berkisar antara J` = 0,74 dan J` = 0,82. Indeks dominansi Simpson (D) berkisar antara D = 0,09 dan D = 0,14. Ada sekitar 9-17 spesies gastropoda kategori jarang yang ditemukan pada areal penelitian ini memberikan sumbangan terhadap keragaman spesies dari komunitas gastropoda yang ditemukan. Sebaliknya ada sebanyak 5-10 spesies kategori umum yang memberikan sumbangan terhadap dominansi spesies gastropoda.
PENGARUH KAREKTERISTIK PEKERJAAN DAN BUDAYA KERJA TERHADAP KEPUASAN KERJA PEGAWAI KECAMATAN SERBA JADI KABUPATEN SERDANG BEDAGAI
Authors: Lingga Linda Hartaulina , Tumanggor Mutawaqil Bilah 
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh karekteristik pekerjaan dan budaya kerja terhadap kepuasan kerja pegawai Kecamatan Serba Jadi Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kuantitatif, bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara dua variabel atau lebih. Populasi penelitian ini sebanyak 40 orang pegawai menggunakan teknik sampling jenuh menggunakan seluruh populasi dijadikan sampel yaitu sebanyak 40 orang pegawai. Hasil uji F menunjukkan nilai f hitung 25.637, nilai sig 0,000 > 0,05 dan nilai F hitung 25.637 > F tabel 3.25 hal disimpulkan bahwa variabel independen X1, dan X2 secara simultan berpengaruh terhadap variabel dependen Y. Hasil uji koefisien determinasi nilai Adjusted R square sebesar 0.558 atau sebesar 58.8%. Pengaruh karakteristik pekerjaan dan budaya kerja terhadap kepuasan kerja sebesar 55.8%, sisanya sebesar 44.2% faktor lain diluar variavel penelitian.
PENGARUH PELAKSANAAN PROGRAM PELATIHAN DAN PENGEMBANGAN SERTA KARAKTERISTIK INDIVIDU TERHADAP KINERJA PEGAWAI PADA DINAS PERINDUSTRIAN DAN PERDAGANGAN KABUPATEN DELI SERDANG
Authors: Astriani Wiwik , Rukmini Rukmini 
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pelaksanaan program pelatihan dan pengembangan serta karakteristik individu terhadap kinerja pegawai pada Dinas perindustrian dan perdagangan Kabupaten Deli Serdang. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan data deskriptif dan kuantitatif. Sampel penelitian ini 100 responden pegawai Dinas perindustrian dan perdagangan Kabupaten Deli Serdang. Hasil penelitian ini diperoleh dari persamaan regresi berganda Y = 7,690+ 0,605 X1+ 0,443 X2 + e. Hasil uji parsial (uji t) pelaksanaan program pelatihan dan pengembangan terhadap kinerja pegawai pada Dinas perindustrian dan perdagangan Kabupaten Deli Serdang diperoleh nilai t hitung 6,329= >1,66 dan probabilitas 0,00 pada tingkat signifikansi 5%, maka secara parsial pelaksanaan program pelatihan dan pengembangan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja pegawai pada Dinas perindustrian dan perdagangan Kabupaten Deli Serdang dan hasil uji t karakteristik individu kinerja pegawai pada Dinas perindustrian dan perdagangan Kabupaten Deli Serdang diperoleh nilai thitung= 4.207>1,66 dan probabilitas 0,00 pada tingkat signifikansi 5%, maka secara parsial pelaksanaan program pelatihan dan pengembangan terhadap kinerja pegawai berdampak positif pada Dinas perindustrian dan perdagangan Kabupaten Deli Serdang. Hasil uji F diperoleh F hitung> F tabel (59,988>2,70)dengan tingkat probability (0,00<0,05). Maka pelaksanaan program pelatihan dan pengembangan serta karakteristik individu secara bersama-sama berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja pegawai pada Dinas perindustrian dan perdagangan Kabupaten Deli Serdang. Nilai koefisien determinasi (R2) sebesar 0,553 artinya pelaksanaan program pelatihan dan pengembangan terhadap kinerja pegawai pada Dinas perindustrian dan perdagangan Kabupaten Deli Serdang Sebesar 53,3% dan sisanya 44,7% dijelaskan oleh variabel lain diluar penelitian.
Historical Memory as a Means of Implementing the Internal and External Policy of the Republic of Poland
Authors: Chekalenko L. 
Published: February 2023

The article deals with the phenomenon of the historical memory of the Republic of Poland, which is currently aimed at solving the internal and external tasks of the state in the following directions. The first concerns a number of geopolitical and practical issues of relations with Germany, the second revolves around relations with the Russian Federation, and the third is focused on the “Volyn problem”, which is naturally extrapolated to relations with Ukraine. Such a trichotomy was formed throughout the 20th century and continues to this day. If until 2014 German and Volyn unresolved issues prevailed in Polish politics and public life, then Russia’s invasion and war against Ukraine strengthened the Russian component of the Polish narrative of memory, aimed at debunking Moscow’s aggressive policy.
The origins and essence of the problems in Poland’s relations with Germany, as well as with Russia, are similar in many issues, and in some dimensions even coincide. The geopolitical weight of politicians of the leading states resemble each other in terms of historical origins and the nature of problems, disrespectful assessments of their opponents or competitors, imperial attitudes toward their own and conquered peoples, and economic characteristics bequeathed to them by previous state formations. Relations between the Republic of Poland and Germany are closely intertwined. Complicated by territorial claims, they became particularly acute during the Cold War. The constructive dialogue of these European states reached a consensus level only with the unification of Germany in 1990. However, a final understanding has not yet been reached, as the Polish side still raises the issue of guilt towards the Poles on the part of Germany, which, according to Polish statements, did not sufficiently compensate for the losses of the Poles period of the Second World War.
The Role and Place of the Opposition in the Political System of Switzerland
Authors: Rudych S. 
Published: February 2023

The article considers the role and the way of functioning of the opposition in the political system of the Swiss Confederation.It is shown that the absence of an opposition in the political life of the country in the traditional sense is explained by the agreement or concordance between the main political forces, drawn up officially in the form of the so-called “magic formula”. A federal government functioning according to this principle in combination with a well-developed mechanism of direct, or more precisely, semi-direct referendum democracy: on the one hand, it allows the effective implementation of the constitutional right of citizens to participate in the political life of the country, and on the other hand, it allows to avoid permanent parliamentary and governmental crises. Particular attention is paid to the Swiss People’s Party, a powerful political force that has consistently achieved high results in parliamentary elections over the past ten years and has every right to consider itself as opposition party. In this connection, the author raises the question of the possibility of using the political system existing today in Switzerland, and, even more so, the way the opposition functions, as a model for other countries? The publication reveals in detail how the institution of direct democracy works in practice. It is emphasized that the people’s initiative and the referendum give the citizen the opportunity to constantly influence the constitutional process in the state and bring projects developed by the government to the people’s court. Frequent appeals to voters in this way forces society to constantly worry about topical political issues. At the same time, large authoritative parties use this right less often than small social organizations or extra-parliamentary opposition groups. In addition, the Swiss manage in this way to constantly keep the political course of the government under control, and the Federal Council, according to the country’s constitution, must constantly consult with the people, who express their opinion on political proposals by dropping ballots into the voting baskets. At the same time, it is emphasized that the main challenge to Swiss federalism lies not in the multiculturalism of the nation, which did not develop as a result of the immigration of citizens, as, for example, in the USA, Canada or Australia, but on the contrary, has its roots in the age-old history of the communities that originally lived in Switzerland. Switzerland’s relations with the European Union during the last twenty years are briefly described. Characterizing Ukrainian-Swiss relations, the author emphasizes the importance that Switzerland has for our country, particularly in the context of Russia’s war against Ukraine. The advantages and disadvantages of direct referendum democracy are analyzed. Certain conclusions are drawn regarding the possibility of using Swiss experience in the political life of other countries.
Lebanon and Syria – the “Siamese twins” of the Levant: a Current Situation
Authors: Zelinskyi A. 
Published: February 2023

The Syrian Arab and Lebanese Republics are two neighboring states located in the Middle Eastern subregions, traditionally called the Levant. The close neighborhood of both countries led to the preservation of old and the emergence of new common denominators in the socio-economic, socio-political and religious spheres. In modern historiography, there are disagreements regarding the degree of preservation and definition of the nature of today’s relations between the two states. It is about the recognition or non-recognition of the existence of the exceptional character of the modern Syrian-Lebanese relations. At the same time, among researchers who recognize the fact of preserving many common denominators for both countries, the main issue remains the positive or negative interpretation of the mentioned phenomenon.
It should be realized that most of the close ties between Syria and Lebanon, which are not determined by the immediate geographical proximity of both countries, are as the result of external interference in the affairs of the subregion. It is about the arbitrary territorial-administrative division carried out by the Ottoman Empire, the artificial idea of “Greater Syria”, which was popularized by a native of Mecca - Faisal bin Hussein al-Hashimi, and French experiments during the mandated period of the history of both countries. As a result of the above-mentioned interventions, reinforced by the geographical factor, there was an established desire of Syria to incorporate the Lebanese Republic into its structure, supported by a part of the population of Lebanon itself. Even after the end of the period of Syrian occupation of Lebanon (1990-2005) as a result of the Cedar Revolution, the danger of the absorbing the country of cedarsby neighbor state has not disappeared. This is indicated by the presence of a wide range of pro-Syrian politicians in the Lebanese ruling circles and the role played by the Lebanese Shiite militia organization Hezbollah in saving the B. al-Assad regime during the ongoing civil war in Syria.
The Evolution of the Status of Women in Tunisia (On the 75th Anniversary of Tunisia’s Declaration of Independence)
Authors: Hladchenko S. 
Published: February 2023

In the article, in the context of the recognition of socio-cultural determinants of gender history and critical analysis of foreign studies by the author, an attempt was made to generalize the evolution of the position of women in Tunisia in the 20th and early 21st centuries. It is the Tunisian version of solving the problem of women’s emancipation that most modern researchers consider as the most successful example for the Islamic world. The views of well-known feminists and representatives of the Islamic world regarding actualization of the problem are presented. The influence of the French authorities on the manifestations of the ideas of Western feminism, as well as the influence of Islamic reformists on the problems of women’s education and women’s participation in social and political life, is shown.
In the course of the research, the author substantiates the following conclusions, namely: during the century, the social evolution of Tunisian society was determined by the process of adaptation and change of traditional socio-cultural foundations to new historical conditions. The established secular regime, after the proclamation of the Republic, for a decade was under pressure from the Islamic opposition, which initially existed in a cultural and educational form, and in the last decade of the 20th century took shape as a political one. The history of the last decade of the Republic shows that socio-cultural traditions have become the most important mechanism for the formation of intellectual and political values that contribute to national unity. This process determined both the nature and the stages of the women’s movement, which was formed during the period of the national liberation struggle, being its component. After the declaration of independence, Tunisian women de jure received political and social rights. There was a process of organizational design of the women’s movement, but this movement experienced decades of paternalistic control during the rule of Habib Bourguiba.
A qualitatively new stage is associated with the presidency of Ben Ali and his politics: from “managed democracy” to a totalitarian regime, which led to the formation of a female political opposition. As mentioned above, the events of the 2010s opened perspectives in the issues of overcoming gender asymmetry.
RESEARCH REPORT WRITING: A SYSTEMATIC GUIDE TO WRITING AN ACADEMIC RESEARCH REPORT
Authors: Patel Sangita , Prajapati Alpesh , Sihag Gulshan 
Published: February 2023

The paper is designed to acquaint the researchers about how to write a research report. The paper intends to discuss the common format of research report. There can be several reasons for writing a research report. It can be written for publishing in scholarly journals, peer-reviewed journals, publications and books. The paper will improve our understanding of writing a good academic research report with example of our research topics on various issues. The examples are based on our research on HIV positive people, adolescent health and infertility issues. The primary source of data collection for the paper is our field work.
।। बौद्धिकात्मनिर्भरतायाः पथप्रदर्शकं शास्त्रं श्रीमद्भागवतम् ।।
Authors: Pandya Mihir 
Published: February 2023

विषयोऽस्ति “बौद्धिकात्मनिर्भरतायाः पथप्रदर्शकं शास्त्रं श्रीमद्भागवतम् ”।। यतो हि लोके सर्वत्र दरिदृश्यमानः श्रीमद्भागवतमहापुराणस्य प्रभावः न केवलं वर्तमानस्थितावेवापि तु यदारभ्यास्य प्रथमं सत्रं सञ्जातं तदारभ्य तथावदेव लोके देशे च वर्तते । एवञ्च न केवलोऽयं प्रभावः जनमनोरञ्जनाय, अपि तु जनमनसि ततोऽप्यधिको प्रभावः दृश्यते । अतः चिन्तितोऽयं विषयः ।।
“अभ्यासात् प्राप्यते दृष्टिः कर्म सिद्धिप्रकाशिनी ।” इत्येवं प्रेरणावचः मनसि निधाय शोधपत्रलिखिप्सया मौलिकं चिन्तनं विधाय गुणात्मकः शोधप्रविधेः आश्रयणं कृतम् । येनायं शोधप्रविधिः मे मनसि सुदृष्टा सुस्पष्टा च भवेत् । अनेनात्र शोधपत्रे “समाजे लोके देशे च दृश्यमानः श्रीमद्भागवतमहापुराणस्य प्रभावः कीदृशः?” इति विषयः संगृहितः ।
।। शोधपत्रे बिन्दवः ।।
बौद्धिकात्मनिर्भरतायाः फलोद्देश्यम् ।।
समाजे बौद्धिकात्मनिर्भरतायाः किमुद्देश्यम् ? किञ्च फलम् ? इतीमं विषयं चर्चिष्यते । यथा – “स्वातंत्र्यम्,स्वावलम्बनम् सद्ज्ञानप्राप्तिः” इति उद्देशप्राप्तये बौद्धिकात्मनिर्भरता मूले अस्ति । तया सिद्धाः सप्तसिद्धयः ।
ताश्च -

ज्ञानात्मको विकासः भवति ।
समस्यायाः समाधानं लभते ।
परापेक्षा व्यपगता भवति ।
आत्मविश्वासस्य वृद्धिः भवति ।
अग्रणिर्भवति ।
दुर्लभं पदं लभते ।
पदप्राप्तेः संतोषः जायते ।

बौद्धिकात्मनिर्भरता प्राप्तये श्रीमद्भागवतपुराणस्य का भूमिका ?
"नैकेषु शास्त्रेषु बौधिकात्मनिर्भरताप्राप्तये श्रीमद्भागवतमहापुराणस्य का भूमिका? " इति विषयस्य निरूपणार्थं चत्वारः इमे बिंदवः ।

भागवते कथाख्यानोपाख्यानादिषु दृग्गोचरीभूता बौधिकात्मनिर्भरता ।।
भागवतपारायणेन प्रेरिता बौधिकात्मनिर्भरता ।।
भागवताध्ययनेन दृढा बौधिकात्मनिर्भरता ।।
भागवतपाकेन पक्वा बौधिकात्मनिर्भरतायाः माधुर्यम् ।।

।। उपसंहृति: ।।
शोधपत्रेणानेनेदं सिद्धयति यत् - - -

सत्योपासनायै ज्ञानोपसनायै श्रीमद्भागवतमहापुराणप्रेरितः संकल्पितश्चायं मार्ग: बौधिकात्मनिर्भरतायाः मार्ग एव ।
श्रीमद्भागवतमहापुराणे वर्तमाना ज्ञानोपासनाया: बौधिकात्मनिर्भरतायाः संकल्पना सुस्पष्टतया दृग्गोचरी भूता जायते ।
अद्यापि वर्तमान स्थितौ श्रीमद्भगवतपुराणमाध्यमेन तदुपासकमाध्यमेन च बौधिकात्मनिर्भरतायाः प्रचार: प्रसारश्च सर्वत्र जायते इति सिध्यति ।

बौधिकात्मनिर्भरतायाः श्रीमद्भगवतपुराणमाध्यमेनानेन संसिध्यति इति मे दृढो विश्वास:।
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TEACHERS' JOB SATISFACTION AND JOB PERFORMANCE IN HIGHER EDUCATION: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Tolossa Dawit , Negussie Yohannes 
Published: February 2023

Purpose – The report aims to develop a systematic literature review (SLR) on the relationship between teachers' job satisfaction and job performance in higher education during 2018-2022 through a review of 38 articles published in different journals.
Design/methodology/approach – A qualitative technique for conducting SLR was used. Conceptually we try to see the relationships between Job satisfaction and job performance journals until 2022 were considered for this review.
Findings – this search found that 10 out of 38 papers specifically analyze. Descriptive results of the review, this paper highlights that none of the contributions takes into account qualitative analysis of the relationship between Job satisfaction and job performance.
Practical implications – this paper suggests to politicians, educational leaders, human resource managers and international stockholders who have a contribution to help the pursuit of quality education across the world.
Originality/value – the study contributes to having more knowledge of the relationship between job satisfaction and job performance in the literature review.
CITATIONS ANALYSIS OF PUBLICATIONS ON THE PAGES OF EDITIONS IN THE LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SPHERE
Authors: Вeryozkina N. Yu. 
Published: February 2023

The editions of the library and information sector of the Republic of Belarus are reviewed: the scientific collection «Library Herald» devoted to the formation of modern library and information space and the prospects of library development; and the journal «Library World» which publishes articles on state policy in the area of libraries, the situation and prospects for the development of libraries in various systems and departments, and foreign experience. The authors of these publications have been monitored, and a detailed analysis of the references to the
collection articles from 2010-2020 and the journal articles from 1997-2016 has been carried out.
RANKINGS OF SCIENTISTS IN THE AUTOMATED SYSTEM BONUS
Authors: Sikorskaya О. N. , Bovkunovich M. А. 
Published: February 2023

The article presents author rankings based on the main bibliometric indicators: the number of publications, the number of citations, the h-index, automatically generated by AS BONUS. The system aggregates the bibliometric indicators of Scopus, Web of Science Core Collection, Russian Science Citation Index, performs the statistical analysis of scientific research activity of an author /
organization, provides a basis for analytical materials on the state of the Belarusian R&D sector. The results of the authors' publication activity are presented according to subject area of research, source of publication, and institutional affiliation.
The rankings automatically generated by AS BONUS are reliable, up-to-date and provide an objective picture of the state of publication activity in the country.