bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TDO2‐augmented fibroblasts secrete EVs enriched in immunomodulatory Y‐derived small RNA
Authors: Ciullo Alessandra , Peck Kiel , Jones Xaviar , Yamaguchi Shukuro , Morris Ashley Anne , Kumar Arati Naveen , Li Liang , Lee Jamie , dos Santos Rodrigo Miguel , Cingolani Eugenio , Ibrahim Ahmed Gamal 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMounting evidence implicates extracellular vesicles (EVs) factors as mediators of cell therapy. Cardiosphere‐derived cells are cardiac‐derived cells with tissue reparative capacity. Activation of a downstream target of wnt/β‐catenin signalling, tryptophan 2,3 dioxygenase (TDO2) renders therapeutically inert skin fibroblasts cardioprotective. Here, we investigate the mechanism by which concentrated conditioned media from TDO2‐augmented fibroblasts (TDO2‐CCM) exert cardioprotective effects. TDO2‐CCM is cardioprotective in a mouse model of MI compared to CCM from regular fibroblasts (HDF‐CCM). Transcriptomic analysis of cardiac tissue at 24 h demonstrates broad suppression of inflammatory and cell stress markers in animals given TDO2‐CCM compared to HDF‐CCM or vehicle. Sequencing analysis of TDO2‐EV RNA demonstrated abundance of a small Y‐derived small RNA dubbed ‘NT4’. Purification of TDO2‐EVs by size‐exclusion chromatography and RNAse protection assays demonstrated that NT4 is encapsulated inside EVs. Consistently with TDO2‐CCM, macrophages exposed to NT4 showed suppression of the inflammatory and cell stress mediators, particularly p21/cdkn1a. NT4‐depleted TDO2‐CCM resulted in diminished immunomodulatory capacity. Finally, administration of NT4 alone was cardioprotective in an acute model of myocardial infarction. Taken together, these findings elucidate the mechanism by which TDO2 augmentation mediates potency in secreted EVs through enrichment of NT4 which suppresses upstream cell stress mediators including p21/cdkn1a.
Impact of alcohol consumption on coronavirus disease 2019 severity: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Wei Baozhu , Liu Yang , Li Hang , Peng Yuanyuan , Luo Zhi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractFear and misinformation lead to widespread myths in the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic, such as “consuming high‐strength alcohol kills the virus in the inhaled air.” However, whether alcohol consumption can affect COVID‐19 has not been clarified yet. This study aims to investigate the impact of alcohol consumption on COVID‐19 severity. PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Central, CINAHL, ClinicalTrials.gov, and WHO‐International Clinical Trials Registry Platform were searched until November 25, 2022. Forty studies (1,697,683 COVID‐19 individuals) were analyzed. Brown (patients numbers: 1317, risk ratios [RR] = 1.58, 95% [confidence interval] CI = 1.31 to 1.90, I2 = 0.0%, p < 0.001), American (patients numbers: 3721, RR = 1.51, 95% CI = 1.30 to 1.75, I2 = 0.0%, p < 0.001), and European (patients numbers: 261,437, RR = 2.04, 95% CI = 1.96 to 2.13, I2 = 0.0%, p < 0.001) drinkers were at high risk of severe COVID‐19, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, and invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), respectively. Consistently, individuals with a drinking history were at high risk of severe COVID‐19 (patients numbers: 5399, RR = 1.23, 95% CI = 1.02 to 1.48, I2 = 38.4%, p = 0.03) and ICU admission (patients numbers: 6995, RR = 1.32, 95% CI = 1.08 to 1.60, I2 = 46.6%, p = 0.01). In addition, current drinkers had an increased risk of symptomatic COVID‐19. However, excessive drinkers were at high risk of COVID‐19 hospitalization. Alcohol consumption intensifies COVID‐19 severity and deteriorates its clinical outcomes. Here, we strongly propose that people do not drink alcohol during the COVID‐19 pandemic.
Intravaginal delivery for CRISPR–Cas9 technology: For example, the treatment of HPV infection
Authors: Zhen Shuai , Chen Hong , Lu Jiaojiao , Yang Xiling , Tuo Xiaoqian , Chang Shixue , Tian Yuhan , Li Xu 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe increasing incidence of sexually transmitted diseases in women, including human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, has led to the need to develop user‐friendly potential prevention methods. At present, although there are several therapeutic parts, none of them has a preventive effect, but they are only limited to providing patients with symptom relief. Researchers have now recognized the need to find effective local preventive agents. One of the potential undiscovered local fungicides is the vaginal delivery of CRISPR/Cas9. CRISPR/Cas9 delivery involves silencing gene expression in a sequence‐specific manner in the pathogenic agent, thus showing microbicidal activity. However, vaginal mucosal barrier and physiological changes (such as pH value and variable epithelial thickness in the menstrual cycle) are the main obstacles to effective delivery and cell uptake of CRISPR/Cas9. To enhance the vaginal delivery of CRISPR/Cas9, so far, nano‐carrier systems such as lipid delivery systems, macromolecular systems, polymer nanoparticles, aptamers, and cell‐penetrating peptides have been extensively studied. In this paper, various nano‐carriers and their prospects in the preclinical stage are described, as well as the future significance of CRISPR/Cas9 vaginal delivery based on nano‐carriers.
Raman study of several Cu‐bearing complex minerals from the guano deposit at Pabellón de Pica, Tarapaca region, Chile
Authors: Košek Filip , Němec Ivan , Jehlička Jan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPabellón de Pica, Tarapaca, Chile, is a former guano mine exploited in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Guano is in a direct contact with Cu sulfide mineralization leading to the formation of minerals with a highly unusual chemical composition, especially Cu‐organic complexes and nitrogen‐bearing phases. In this work, we report results of the Raman spectroscopic investigation of several unique Cu‐bearing minerals that are the result of supergene processes at the Pabellón da Pica site. We focus on several minerals with new and interesting structure types which were described from this locality for the first time, namely, antipinite (K–Na–Cu oxalate), ammineite (Cu ammine complex), chanabayaite (Cu ammine triazolate complex), and joanneumite (Cu isocyanurate). The Raman spectra contain specific bands attributed to the characteristic vibrations of the molecular groups present in the minerals (oxalate, ammine, triazolate, and isocyanurate groups) and vibrations within Cu‐centered polyhedra. A comparison was made with the vibrational spectra of related minerals and synthetic phases, which revealed substantial proliferation and shifting of numerous bands, which is in agreement with the complex composition of the investigated minerals. The results obtained appropriately complement known structural and spectroscopic data published previously.
Secondary cytoreductive surgery for 86 patients with mucinous appendiceal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Sugarbaker Paul H. , Chang David 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundAfter patients have a surgical procedure for a gastrointestinal cancer, follow‐up is indicated. If cancer progression is documented in patients with mucinous appendiceal adenocarcinoma (MACA), a secondary cytoreductive surgery (SCRS) may be considered.MethodsIn patients who had a prior complete cytoreductive surgery (CRS), variables associated with the index CRS and SCRS were extracted. These variables were statistically assessed for their impact on survival.ResultsOf 198 MACA patients, 86 (43.4%) had SCRS. The median follow‐up was 5.0 years and the median survival was 7 years. Significant prognostic variables associated with the index CRS by univariant analysis was histopathologic grade of MACA‐Intermediate (MACA‐Int) as compared to other MACA histologic subtypes (p = 0.0164). Significant prognostic variables associated with the SCRS were bowel obstruction (p = 0.0149), interval of CRS to SCRS (p = 0.0059), and completeness of cytoreduction (p = 0.0014).ConclusionsIn the analysis of variables from SCRS, the interval from CRS to SCRS ≤24 months indicates an aggressive biology of the disease. The CC score of complete versus incomplete decreased median survival from 11 to 4 years. A composite of these two variables allowed prediction of survival of 50% when patients showed these two favorable variables and only 9.1% when these variables were unfavorable.
Extraction and identification of steroidal saponins from Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua using natural deep eutectic solvent‐synergistic quartz sand‐assisted extraction method
Authors: Liu Gaodan , Feng Simin , Sui Minghui , Chen Bilian , Sun Peilong 
Published: February 2023

In this study, quartz sand with particularly sharp nanoscale edges acted like a nanoscale knife physically cut cells of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua into nanosized particles and was synergized with natural deep eutectic solvent to extract steroidal saponins of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua. The natural deep eutectic solvent (choline chloride‐lactic acid)‐synergistic quartz sand‐assisted extraction was optimized using response surface methodology. The steroidal saponins purified with AB‐8 macroporous resin were identified using ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography‐triple time of flight mass spectrometry. The results showed that the experimental total saponins content value (36.97 ± 0.12 mg dioscin equivalent/g dry weight) at optimal extraction conditions with a temperature of 68°C, a rotational speed of 20 400 rpm, shear time of 4.3 min, the liquid‐solid ratio of 38 ml/g, was close to the maximum possible theoretical value (36.64 mg dioscin equivalent/g dry weight). A total of 20 steroidal saponins were identified, among which the content of (25R)‐Kingianoside E was the highest (102.66 ± 3.47 mg/g). Furthermore, a new steroid saponin (3β,25S)‐26‐(β‐D‐glucopyranosyloxy)‐22‐hydroxyfurost‐5‐en‐3‐yl 4‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranosyl‐β‐D‐galactopyranoside+Glc was found for the first time. These results revealed that natural deep eutectic solvent‐synergistic quartz sand‐assisted extraction was an efficient and green method to extract a variety of steroidal saponins.
Quantitative Ultrasound Biomarkers to Assess Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Gao Jing , Zapata Isain , Chen Johnson , Erpelding Todd N. , Adamson Colby , Park David 
Published: February 2023

PurposeTo assess diagnostic performance of quantitative ultrasound (QUS) biomarkers in assessing hepatic steatosis.MethodsWe prospectively recruited 125 participants (mean age 54 years) who underwent liver QUS, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and laboratory tests within 30 days in this IRB approved study. Based on MRI‐proton density fat fraction (MRI‐PDFF) and MRE, we divided 125 participants into normal liver, nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) and liver fibrosis (≥F1) groups. We examined diagnostic performance of ultrasound attenuation coefficient (AC), normalized local variance (NLV), superb microvascular imaging‐based vascularity index (SMI‐VI), and shear wave velocity (SWV) for determining hepatic steatosis and fibrosis using area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). We also analyzed correlations of QUS biomarkers to MRI using Spearman correlation coefficient.ResultsWe observed significant differences in AC, NLV, and SMI‐VI among the three groups (22 participants with normal liver, 78 with NAFL, and 25 with liver fibrosis). AUC of AC, NLV, and SMI‐VI for determining ≥ mild steatotic livers (MRI‐PDFF ≥5%) was 0.95, 0.90, and 0.92, respectively. AUC of SWV for determining ≥ F1 liver fibrosis was 0.93. The correlation of MRI‐PDFF was positive to AC (r = 0.91) and negative to NLV (r = −0.74), SMI‐VI (r = −0.8) in NAFL group. There was a significant difference in regression slope of AC to MRI‐PDFF in livers with and without ≥F1 (0.84 vs 0.91, P = .02).ConclusionsQUS biomarkers have high sensitivity and specificity to determine and grade hepatic steatosis and detect liver fibrosis. The effect of liver fibrosis on the performance of QUS biomarkers in quantifying liver fat content warrants further investigation.
Relationships Between Intestinal Ultrasound Parameters and Histopathologic Findings in a Prospective Cohort of Patients With Crohn's Disease Undergoing Surgery
Authors: Allocca Mariangela , Dal Buono Arianna , D'Alessio Silvia , Spaggiari Paola , Garlatti Valentina , Spinelli Antonino , Faita Francesco , Danese Silvio 
Published: February 2023

ObjectivesRecognition of intestinal lesions with substantial fibrosis is strategic for optimal management of patients with Crohn's disease (CD). We aimed to assess the relationships between intestinal ultrasound parameters and histopathologic findings in a prospective cohort of patients with CD undergoing surgery.MethodsSeventeen consecutive adult CD patients with involvement of the terminal ileum or the sigmoid colon who underwent bowel resective surgeries were enrolled and performed intestinal ultrasound (IUS) within 30 days prior to surgery. Uni‐ and multivariable analyses were used to assess the relationships between IUS parameters and histopathological elements of lesions.ResultsSensitivity, specificity, accuracy, PPV and NPV (95% CI) of IUS in detecting stricturing and penetrating complications (surgical specimen as reference standard) were 93% (68–100), 86% (42–100), 91% (71–99), 93% (68–100) and 86% (42–100), and 78% (40–97), 92% (64–100), 86% (65–97), 88% (47–100) and 86% (57–98), respectively. Only the presence of hyperechogenic spiculates was statistically significantly associated with collagen content (b = 7.29, 95% CI = 1.88/12.69, P = .012), while only the presence of vascular signals at color Doppler (Limberg score 3 or 4) was significantly associated with active inflammation (OR = 10.0, 95% CI = 0.9/108.6, P = .037). There was a strong correlation between IUS and histological measurements of the wall thickness (r = 0.67, P = .01).ConclusionsThe presence of hyperechogenic spiculates was associated with the presence of fibrosis, while the presence of marked vascular signals was associated with the presence of inflammation. Wall thickness measured by IUS was reliable and reproducible in comparison with histological measurement.
Assessment of semicircular canal function in benign paroxysmal positional vertigo using the video head impulse test and caloric test
Authors: Kabaya Kayoko , Katsumi Sachiyo , Fukushima Akina , Esaki Shinichi , Minakata Toshiya , Iwasaki Shinichi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo assess semicircular canal function in benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) using the video head impulse test (vHIT) and caloric test.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed 39 patients with idiopathic BPPV who underwent both vHIT and the caloric test. Twenty‐one patients had posterior BPPV (p‐BPPV) and eighteen had horizontal BPPV (h‐BPPV). Vestibulo‐ocular reflex (VOR) gain and corrective saccades (CS) were analyzed in vHIT and canal paresis (CP) was calculated in the caloric test.ResultsThe mean VOR gain of the posterior canal in p‐BPPV was 0.75 ± 0.28 on the affected side, which was significantly smaller than that on the contralateral side (0.93 ± 0.24, p = .00738). On the other hand, there were no significant differences in the VOR gain of the horizontal canal in h‐BPPV between the affected and the contralateral sides (p = .769). The rates of the presence of CS were not significantly different between the affected canal and the contralateral canal either in p‐BPPV (p = .111) or h‐BPPV (p = .0599). The mean CP value in h‐BPPV patients (43.5 ± 31.3%) was significantly higher than that in p‐BPPV patients (22.2 ± 22.9%; p = .0184).ConclusionThe VOR gain of vHIT in the affected canal was significantly smaller than that in the contralateral canal in p‐BPPV, but not in h‐BPPV. The caloric responses of the affected canal are reduced to a significantly larger extent in h‐BPPV compared to p‐BPPV. These results suggest that BPPV affects the semicircular canal function differently depending on which semicircular canal is involved.
Ocean acidification affects pigment concentration and photoprotection of marine phytoplankton
Authors: Alcaraz‐Rocha Paulo , Puig‐Fàbregas Júlia , Garrido José Luis , Sobrino Cristina 
Published: February 2023

AbstractOcean acidification produces significant changes on phytoplankton physiology that can affect their growth and primary production. Among them, a downregulation of the enzymatic activity and the production of different cellular metabolites, including chlorophyll a (Chl a), has been observed in high CO2 cultures under stable conditions. However, the extent of how phytoplankton metabolism regulation under high CO2 conditions affects pigment pools and patterns is unknown. This study shows the effect of the atmospheric CO2 increase on pigment concentration of three important marine primary producers: Thalassiosira pseudonana, Skeletonema costatum, and Emiliania huxleyi. Cultures grown under saturating photosynthetically active radiation were aerated for at least 3 weeks with current concentrations of atmospheric CO2 (0.04% CO2 in air) and with CO2 concentrations expected for future scenarios of climate change (0.1% CO2 in air) to assess the effect of CO2 under acclimated metabolism and stable conditions. Moreover, cultures were also subjected to a perturbation (4 h without aeration) to assess responses under non‐stable conditions. The results showed that light harvesting and photoprotective pigment concentrations (i.e., Chl a, Chl c2, ββ‐carotene, diadinoxanthin, diatoxanthin, fucoxanthin, among others) decreased significantly under high CO2 and stable conditions, but the response reversed after the perturbation. The de‐epoxidation state of xanthophylls, also showed similar patterns, indicating an increase in phytoplankton sensitivity under high CO2 and stable conditions. The results demonstrate the relevance of CO2 concentration and acclimation status for phytoplankton light absorption and photoprotective response. They also identify fucoxanthin and Chl c2 as suitable biomarkers of phytoplankton carbon metabolism under ocean acidification conditions.
Computational studies of [1]benzothieno[2,3‐c]naphtho[1,2‐f]quinoline
Authors: Semenov Valentin A. , Martin Gary E. , Krivdin Leonid B. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractEarly NMR studies of several heterohelicenes containing an annular nitrogen atom and a thiophene ring in their structure suggested the possibility of the lengthening of the carbon–carbon bonds in the interior of the helical turn of the molecule based on the progressive more shielded nature of 13C resonances toward the center of the helical turn. Computational chemistry capabilities when those NMR studies were performed were primitive in comparison to what is now possible. We now report the optimized geometry and a comparison of the calculated versus observed 1H and 13C NMR chemical shift assignments for [1]benzothieno[2,3‐c]naphtho[1,2‐f]quinoline that confirms these suspicions.
Single‐Port Versus Multiport da Vinci System for Transoral Robotic Surgery of Hypopharyngeal and Laryngeal Carcinoma
Authors: Sampieri Claudio , Pirola Francesca , Costantino Andrea , Kim Dahee , Ho Jung J. , Lee Kyuin , De Virgilio Armando , Park Young M. , Kim Se‐Heon 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveDa Vinci single port (SP) has been recently approved for transoral robotic surgery (TORS). Its characteristics make it particularly feasible for laryngeal and hypopharyngeal surgery. We report our experience comparing intra‐ and postoperative outcomes, technical advantages, and shortcomings of transoral laryngeal and hypopharyngeal resections performed with the da Vinci SP and the da Vinci Si/Xi systems.Study DesignRetrospective database review.SettingSingle academic tertiary care hospital.MethodsSubjects included adult patients with laryngeal and hypopharyngeal carcinoma who underwent TORS between 2008 and 2022. The SP and multiport (MP) systems were compared in terms of intraoperative times, short‐term postoperative outcomes, and TORS‐related complications after a propensity score matching.ResultsA total of 185 patients were enrolled (56 SP vs 129 MP patients), and a cohort of 112 patients was analyzed after matching. The docking time was reduced in the SP group (8.84 ± 4.67 vs 6.45 ± 3.11 minutes; p = .003), as well as console time (53.91 ± 29.38 vs 42.70 ± 13.72 minutes; p = .035). Positive margins were more frequent in the MP group (52% vs 43%; p = .34). The mean decannulation time was 1.86 days longer in the SP group (p = .046). No significant differences emerged from the analysis of the duration of hospitalization, enteral feeding, and TORS‐related complications.ConclusionSP safety profile is comparable to that of previous models, while it showed advantages in terms of reduced docking times. Console times were also shortened due to improved maneuverability and field visualization.
Transatlantic progress in measurement of cognitive outcomes in paediatric oncology trials
Authors: Thomas Sophie , Embry Leanne , Walsh Karin , Bull Kim , Grundy Richard , Kennedy Colin , Lemiere Jurgen , Hernáiz Driever Pablo , Limond Jennifer , Chevignard Mathilde , Hardy Kristina 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe importance of measuring quality of survival within paediatric oncology trials is increasingly recognised. However, capturing neuropsychological outcomes and other aspects of quality of survival in the context of large or multinational trials can be challenging. We provide examples of protocols designed to address this challenge recently employed in clinical trials in the USA and Europe. We discuss their respective strengths and challenges, obstacles encountered and future opportunities for transatlantic collaboration.
Residual compressive strength of polyamide fiber‐reinforced epoxy composites after low‐velocity impact
Authors: Coskun Taner , Yar Adem , Demir Okan , Sahin Omer Sinan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this study, polyamide fibers, which stand out with their excellent plastic deformation and energy absorption capacity, were used as reinforcement materials, and in‐house manufactured composite specimens were subjected to low‐velocity impact (LVI), compression after impact (CAI) and tensile tests. Within this scope, one and two repeated drop tests were performed under 3 m/s velocity to determine LVI responses and how impact number affects the dynamic properties. CAI tests were also performed at a 1 mm/min crosshead speed, and mechanical properties for non‐impacted, one‐impacted, and two‐impacted specimens were determined. As a result of the outstanding plastic deformation capacity of thermoplastic fabrics, it is concluded that polyamide composites exhibited quite large strains. Furthermore, it was understood from the tensile responses that tensile stresses were carried by the thermoplastic fibers in two different regimes and significantly high toughness was obtained. Moreover, reductions in the maximum compression loads, critical buckling loads and axial stiffness were observed due to degradation in structural integrity after impact loads. Additionally, the utilization of recyclable thermoplastic polyamide fibers as reinforcement material instead of conventional reinforcement materials such as carbon and glass fibers provide more environmentally friendly products.