bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DEVELOPING A TECHNOLOGY OF OBTAINING EXTRA VIRGIN OILS FROM KERNELS OF STONES OF VARIOUS APRICOT CULTIVARS GROWN IN THE ODESA REGION
Authors: Kotliar Ye. 
Published: July 2023

It has been studied whether the kernels (endocarps) of stones obtained from apricots grown in the Odesa region (the cultivars Shablovsky, Kyivsky Ananasny, Ananasny Tsiurupynsky, and Krasnoshchoky) are prospective raw materials for fat-and-oil and beauty products. The study provides a basis for a technology of producing oils from the kernels of stones of various apricot cultivars harvested in the region. The most suitable cold pressing modes (extra virgin) have been chosen for kernels obtained from different cultivars. Crushed apricot kernels should be wet-treated and heat-treated at 40–50°C for 15–20 min. During extraction by pressing, it is recommended that the crushed kernels (mash) should not be heated above 50–60°C for 5–7 min. The effectiveness of pressing has been established: the kernels of stones of the cultivars Shablovsky, Kyivsky Ananasny, Ananasny Tsiurupynsky, and Krasnoshchoky contained 33–37% of oil. The thickness of an oilcake piece determines the effectiveness of pressing extraction. The thinner the oilcake piece, the more effective the pressing is: the load withstanding time, the pressing force, and the loading rate are significantly reduced, and the produce of oil increases. Thus, the pressing extraction stage most effective for the kernels of all the apricot cultivars is as follows: residual oil content in the oilcake 5.0–6.0%, oil yield 94.0%, oilcake thickness 33.0 mm, load withstanding time 3.0 min, pressing force 10.0 kN, loading rate 5.0 kN/cm.
The proposed technological mode of producing oils allows retaining, to a maximum extent, the original fatty acid composition of the raw material. It has been proved that oil from the kernels of apricot stones of the Shablovsky variety contains up to 96.4% of ω-6 PUFA and 95.7% of ω‑9 MUFA. In the cultivar Kyivsky Ananasny, these parameters are up to 97.7% and 98.3% respectively, and in Ananasny Tsiurupynsky, they are up to 96.4% and 93.9% respectively. The Krasnoshchoky cultivar is up to 99.0% high in ω-6 PUFA and up to 98.4% high in ω‑9 MUFA, compared with the original level.
Machine Learning Algorithm for Early Detection and Analysis of Brain Tumors Using MRI Images
Authors: Terdale Jayprabha Vishal , Bhole Varsha , Bhor Harsh Namdev , Parati Namita , Zade Neha , Pande Sanjay P. 
Published: July 2023

Among the human body's organs, the brain is the most delicate and specialized. It is proven that after the heart stops then also brain death occurs within 3 to 5 minutes of death or within 3 to 5 minutes of loss of oxygen supply. A brain tumor is a life-threatening disease that can be detected at any age from an infant to an old person. Though a lot of people did research in the detection and analysis of a tumor, but then also detecting tumors at the early phase is still a much more arduous field in the biomedical study. This paper focuses on the comparative study of various existing algorithms in this field. This paper addresses the challenges and some issues in MRI brain tumor detection which are also addressed in this research.
Relationship between vitamin D and magnesium
Authors: KALYON Semih 
Published: July 2023

Purpose: Vitamin D is a steroid hormone that plays an essential role in healthy bone structure. Magnesium plays a role as a cofactor for enzymes in vitamin D synthesis and degradation. The study aims to determine whether there is also accompanying magnesium deficiency, in patients with vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency.
Materials and Methods: Patients over the age of 18 who applied to the internal medicine outpatient clinic of our tertiary center for any reason between 01.10.2018 and 01.10.2020 were screened and patients whose serum glucose, ALT, creatinine, Vitamin D, and magnesium values were all present at the same time were selected. Pregnant and lactating women, patients with malignancy, chronic renal failure, hyperparathyroidism, or hypoparathyroidism, and patients under vitamin D or magnesium supplementation were excluded. Age, gender, and laboratory data of the included patients were recorded.
Results: A total of 5982 patients, 1197 male and 4785 female, were included in this study. The mean age of the cases was 42 years. There was no statistically significant relationship between Vitamin D values and magnesium or glucose levels However, there was a statistically significant relationship between serum vitamin D levels and age and serum creatinine and ALT levels. Both vitamin D and magnesium levels in women were found to be statistically significantly lower than in men.
Conclusion: Since there was no relationship between Vitamin D and magnesium levels, there is no need for a routine magnesium examination to be performed in patients with vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency who are planned to take vitamin D therapy.
Comparison of preoperative examination findings and endoanal ultrasonography results with operation findings in perianal fistula disease
Authors: TÜMER Haluk , ERAY İsmail Cem 
Published: July 2023

Purpose: The aim of the current study was to compare the preoperative examination findings, endoanal ultrasonography results, and operative findings in patients diagnosed with perianal fistula.
Materials and Methods: A prospective study was conducted between 2021 and 2022 on patients who underwent surgical treatment for perianal fistula. The patients were recorded and classified according to the Park classification by the surgeon performing the operation. Subsequently, a surgeon with 10 years of endoanal ultrasonography experience reclassified the patients and recorded the findings (Ultrasonographic Evaluation - USE). The surgery was performed by a different surgeon who was blind to the USE results and the final diagnosis was recorded (Evaluation Under Anesthesia - EAU). The preoperative examination findings, endoanal ultrasonography findings, and operative findings were compared postoperatively.
Results: The study included 60 patients, with 52 being male and 8 being female, and a mean age of 44.2 ± 12.6 years. The patients were classified as low transsphincteric (TSF), intersphincteric (ISF), and high TSF at ratios of 40%, 33.3%, and 26.7%, respectively (24, 20, and 16 patients, respectively). Endoanal ultrasonography found that 30%, 35%, and 21.7% of patients had low TSF, ISF, and high TSF, respectively (18, 21, and 13 patients, respectively), while postoperatively, 45%, 33%, and 21.7% of patients were classified as low TSF, ISF, and high TSF, respectively (27, 20, and 13 patients, respectively). The ISF rate in preoperative examination findings was significantly higher than in postoperative diagnoses, with intermediate coherence between the two diagnoses (κ: 0.462). The rates of low and high TSF were found to be significantly higher in ultrasonography findings than in postoperative diagnoses, with high coherence between the two (κ: 0.701).
Conclusion: Endoanal ultrasonography is important for mapping, especially for transsphincteric fistulas, in the surgical treatment of perianal fistulas.
Evaluation of arterial stiffness in patients with generalized anxiety disorder
Authors: SIRLIER EMİR Burcu , YILDIZ Sevler , KAZĞAN KILIÇASLAN Aslı , UĞUR Kerim , KURT Osman 
Published: July 2023

Purpose: Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a psychiatric condition where both physical and mental symptoms are observed due to the activation of the sympathetic system. It is known that the disorder affects the cardiovascular system. The present study aimed to analyze arterial stiffness in GAD patients and compare the findings with healthy controls.
Materials and Methods: 40 patients diagnosed with GAD and 40 healthy individuals were included in the study. Carotid and femoral artery intima-medial thickness (IMT) and arterial thickness parameters were measured with Doppler ultrasonography.
Results: The femoral IMT of the patients was significantly low. Although the carotid IMT was higher in patients when compared to the controls, the difference was not statistically significant. A significant negative correlation was determined between fluoxetine equivalent dose and femoral IMT. There was a correlation between femoral IMT and fluoxetine equivalent dose.
Conclusion: Arterial stiffness should be investigated for its potential to indicate cardiovascular risk in GAD. Further comprehensive studies should be conducted to clarify whether atherosclerosis symptoms were associated with the nature of the GAD or prescription medicine.
DNA polymerase delta (POLD1 and POLD2) gene expression in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients and its relationship with prognosis
Authors: YÖNTEM Ahmet , BAYRAM İbrahim , SEZGİN Gülay , KÜPELİ Serhan , ÖZKAN Ayşe , TANYEL,İ Atila 
Published: July 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the status of DNA polymerase delta (POLD1 and POLD2) gene expression at the time of diagnosis in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients, compared with the normal population, and its relationship with prognosis and other clinical findings.
Materials and Methods: Seventy-three patients diagnosed with ALL between January 2008 and November 2015 and 29 healthy control subjects were included in the study. Gene expression profiling of peripheral blood samples was performed using Real-time PCR.
Results: The mean value of POLD1 gene expression was found to be significantly higher in ALL patients at the time of diagnosis than the control group (376.5± 685.8 and 17.9± 19.8, respectively), but there was no difference in POLD2 gene expression (511.5± 898.1 and 125.4± 132.7, respectively). POLD1 and POLD2 gene expressions were found to be low in patients with relapse and exitus, but the results were not statistically significant. Patients with low levels of POLD1 expression had lower survival rates in the 5th year than those with high levels of expression (54% and 68%, respectively), and similarly, patients with low levels of POLD2 expression had lower survival rates in the 5th year compared to those with high levels of expression (58% and 68%, respectively).
Conclusion: Lower POLD1 and POLD2 expressions at the time of diagnosis in ALL patients may adversely affects the prognosis.
Comparison of eGFR formulas (CKD-EPI and MDRD) in patients with multiple myeloma
Authors: ERİNÇ Osman , YEŞİLYURT Soner , NALCACİ Meliha 
Published: July 2023

Purpose: Modification of Diet in Renal Disease’ (MDRD) and 'Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration’ (CKD-EPI) formulas are generally accepted and widely utilized tools to assess renal function. In this study, we aimed to investigate the power of the MDRD and CKD-EPI formulas, which are the two most used formulas in the measurement of eGFR in patients with multiple myeloma (MM).
Materials and Methods: A total of 40 patients, newly diagnosis with MM, were consecutively enrolled to the study and their records were analyzed in terms of demographic features and laboratory parameters of the patients, type of paraproteinemia and stage of disease. MDRD and CKD-EPI formulas were used to evaluate renal function.
Results: The difference found between basal and third-month estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) using MDRD (61±15.4 mL/min/1.73 m², third month 75±18.2 mL/min/1.73 m²) and CKD-EPI formulas (62±15.7 mL/min/1.73 m², third month 76±18.4 mL/min/1.73 m²) were significant. There was no significant difference between two formulas regarding basal and third month eGFR mean values. According to CKD staging, 12.5% of all subjects changed and 80% of them moved to better stage.
Conclusion: CKD-EPI tends to produce higher eGFR values with compared to MDRD, especially when they are used to evaluate mildly impaired renal function. Hence, prevalence of renal disease was determined lower when assessed with CKD-EPI. Therefore, we recommend that it is important to use the same eGFR estimation formula for a consistent outcomes analysis.
Comparison of gene expressions in individuals with G6PD Mediterranean mutation and hemolytic anemia
Authors: GÜNAŞTI Başak , TULİ Abdullah 
Published: July 2023

Purpose: In our study, we aimed to clarify the relationship between Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) enzyme kinetics and mRNA expression levels of the G6PD gene in Gd-Med patients with and without hemolytic anemia.
Materials and Methods: The study group consisted of 30 cases with Gd-Med mutation and 30 cases with enzyme activity levels in the reference range. G6PD activity was determined by the Beutler method. G6PD enzyme was partially purified with DE-52 anion exchange resin, and its kinetic parameters were studied. Gd-Med mutation was genotyped by MboII enzyme digest and sequence analysis. The expression level of the G6PD gene was calculated according to the 2-ΔΔCt formula.
Results: In our study, a significant difference was found between the KmNADP+ and KmG6P values of the cases with Gd-Med mutation and the control group. There was no significant difference between KmNADP+ and KmG6P values in Gd-Med mutated patients with and without hemolytic anemia. Gene expression results of 18 patients without hemolytic anemia were significantly higher than 12 patients with hemolytic anemia. In addition, there was a significant difference between these variables and the control group.
Conclusion: It might be a possible explanation that the substrate binding site of the enzyme in cases with Gd-Med mutation may have undergone post-transcriptional or post-translational modifications, and therefore gene expression might be changed. As a further study, the decrease in gene expressions of patients with hemolytic anemia with Gd-Med mutation can be clarified by evaluating the promoter side of the gene.
Pupillary response changes in Graves' disease
Authors: YILDIRIM BİÇER Gamze , ÖNDER Çağatay Emir , ZOR Kürşad Ramazan 
Published: July 2023

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate pupillary contraction and dilatation response changes in Graves' disease.
Materials and Methods: The patient group consisted of 55 euthyroid Graves patients and the control group consisted of 55 healthy individuals. Data from the right eyes of all participants were used. Static (scotopic, mesopic, photopic) and dynamic pupillometry measurements were performed with automatic pupillometry. The mean pupil dilatation speed was calculated according to dynamic measurements. Static measurements, dynamic measurements and the mean pupil dilatation speed data were compared between the patient and control groups.
Results: There was no statistically significant difference between two groups in all static and dynamic values and the mean pupil dilatation speed. The mean scotopic pupil diameter was 5.41±0.776 mm in Graves’ group and 5.55±0.747 mm in the control group. The mean mesopic pupil diameter was 4.39±0.721 in Graves’ group and 4.17±0.640 mm in the control group. The mean photopic pupil diameter was 3.45 ±0,549 mm in Graves’ group and 3.29±0.679 mm in the control group. The mean dynamic pupil diameter 0th second was 3, 54±0.541 mm in Graves’ group and 3.48±0.708 mm in the control group. The mean speed of pupil dilatation at 18th second was 0.116±0.031 mm/sec in Graves’ group and 0.128±0.040 mm/sec in the control group. Age was found to be an independent factor on pupillary parameters.
Conclusion: The pupillary parameters of patients with euthyroid hormone levels were not affected. While pupillary responses appeared not to be affected in the case of euthyroidism, more studies including patients with hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism are needed.
Effect of cervical length on the induction of labor in postterm pregnancy
Authors: SOYSAL Cenk , IŞIKALAN Mehmet Murat 
Published: July 2023

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the effect of cervical length measured before induction of labor on the duration of labor and oxytocin dose administered for induction during labor in post-term pregnant women.
Materials and Methods: Eighty-seven post-term pregnant women were included in this prospective study. Cervical length was measured before the induction of labor with oxytocin. The relationship between cervical length and the time until delivery and total oxytocin dose parameters were examined. The effect of confounder factors was determined by logistic regression analysis.
Results: Sixty-five (74.71%) of the patients gave birth by normal vaginal delivery and 22 (25.29%) by cesarean section. It was found that parity, bishop score, cervical length and fetal weight variables predicted oxytocin dose by 67% (R-square = 0.675). Patients with a cervical length of >32mm measured before induction were more likely to have a cesarean section than those with a cervix shorter than 32 mm (OR:3.7). Parity had the greatest effect among these variables (β = -.40, p
Predictors of 30-day mortality in patients with an international normalized ratio of 4.5 - 10 due to warfarin-related overanticoagulation: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: İSLAM Mehmet Muzaffer 
Published: July 2023

Purpose: Although it has been shown that vitamin K administration does not benefit patients with INR levels between 4.5 to 10, there are studies in the literature showing that some complications including the risk of bleeding in these patients increase significantly. For this reason, it is crucial to select high-risk patients who present with elevated INR to apply closer follow-up and monitoring. The primary objective of our study is to define the predictors for 30-day mortality of the patients with an INR between 4.5 to 10 due to warfarin-related overanticoagulation. The secondary objective of our study is to derive a regression model which can predict mortality in 30 days and to compare the performance of this model with the National Early Warning Score-2(NEWS-2).
Materials and Methods: We included patients older than 18 years old, admitted between the dates 01.01.2016 - 01.01.2022 who are using warfarin as medication and with an INR between 4.5 – 10 in our study. We excluded patients with trauma, major bleeding on admission or patients with missing data. For the regression model, backward-wald stepwise method was utilized. We used the Hosmer-Lemeshow test for the goodness of fit. For the overall performance of the model, we evaluated the Nagelkerke R Square, and the Reciever Operating Characteristics test. DeLong test was used to compare the area under the curves (AUC).
Results: A total of 263 patients were examined in the statistical analysis. Mean arterial pressure, SpO2, pulse rate, and age were the independent predictors of 30-day mortality. The model have classified 81.4% of the patients correctly. The AUC of the regression model was 0.848 (0.799 to 0.898). The sensitivity of the model as a tool for mortality prediction was 94.1%, specificity 66.5%, and accuracy 71.9%. The AUC of the NEWS-2 score for 30-day mortality was calculated as 0.782 (95%CI = 0.715 to 0.849). The difference between the AUCs of our model and the NEWS-2 score was statistically significant.
Conclusion: Mean arterial pressure, SpO2, heart rate, and age were the independent predictors for the 30-day mortality of patients with an INR between 4.5 to 10 due to overanticoagulation because of warfarin medication. The regression model we derived showed good overall discrimination and performed significantly better than NEWS-2 score.
COVID-19 pandemic and burnout: factors associated with burnout levels among healthcare workers
Authors: ÇUKUROVA Nilgün , ÇAM RAY Perihan , BÖLÜKBAŞI Ayten , ÇELİK Gonca 
Published: July 2023

Purpose: This study investigated the psychosocial and demographic factors influencing burnout levels among healthcare workers during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional and descriptive study was performed on a total of 418 healthcare workers from Cukurova University Faculty of Medicine, Balcalı Hospital in Turkey. While the participants were selected randomly, a personal information form consisting of 33 open- and close-ended questions, Coronavirus Anxiety Scale, the Maslach Burnout Scale and the Beck Burnout were applied.
Results: They were 418 healthcare workers aged 19-63 (mean= 35.51±9.38), 284 of whom were 61.8% female, 132 (31.7%) of whom were male, and 2 (0.5%) of whom refused to specify their gender. The study found that emotional exhaustion and depersonalization scores were significantly positively correlated with COVID-19 anxiety scores and Beck anxiety scores in healthcare workers, while personal accomplishment scores were significantly negatively correlated with these variables. The study also revealed that COVID-19 anxiety, Beck anxiety, being female, being young, being unmarried, having children, being diagnosed with COVID-19, having a chronic illness, and working more hours per week were all contributing factors to burnout.
Conclusion: Both during and after the COVID-19 pandemic, it is very important to provide various forms of psychological support and make arrangements to address factors that can impact the burnout of healthcare professionals.
The negative impact of social media on self-esteem and body image – A narrative review
Authors: Nene Asmita , Olayemi Oluwapamilerin 
Published: July 2023

If there is frequent usage of social media then it will start to negatively impact self-esteem, mental health, self-worth and create risk factors for body dissatisfaction by causing disordered eating behaviours and affecting self-image.The database search used to obtain the research papers were from PubMed, Google Scholar, My NCBI and Science Direct. These research papers were selected from 2012 to 2022 which consisted of clinical trials and randomized controlled trial articles. After comparisons between ten different articles, it was found that social media has the potential to become addictive. Especially, for individuals with behavioural problems such as gambling, gaming, mental distress, and internet overuse. As a result, this can start to cause psychological distress from increased pressures to maintain unrealistic beauty and social standards, which leads to depression and a downgrade in self-confidence.Time spent on social media can affect an individual in a positive and/or negative way. In some negative instances, people use it as a spectrum to gauge the means of approval with their way of life, in turn, this can affect how people see themselves and lowers their self-esteem. Type or paste your abstract here as prescribed by the journal’s instructions for authors. Type or paste your abstract here as prescribed by the journal’s instructions for authors. Type or paste your abstract here as prescribed by the journal’s instructions for authors. Type or paste your abstract here.
Assessment of olfactory functions in diabetes mellitus
Authors: B L Preethi , Hasan Afshan Zainab , Kalra Pramila , Kumar M Arun 
Published: July 2023

The prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is increasing all over the world and is a major public health problem in India. Studies have been done on diabetes and associated complications like, retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy etc, but there is a paucity of research on olfactory functions in T2DM.: Assessment of olfactory functions in T2DM.This was a cross-sectional study done on 105 subjects; 35 T2DM patients ≤ 5 years disease duration and 35 T2DM patients &#62; 5 years disease duration, and 35 controls. Ethical clearance was obtained from the Institute’s Ethics Committee, and a written informed consent was obtained from all the subjects. Assessment of olfactory functions was done by olfactory evoked potentials (OEP).The study showed that the latencies of the OEP waves in T2DM patients showed a trend towards significance both with increased duration of the disease, and higher HbA1c levels. This can be interpreted as deviation from the normal pattern of OEP, seen in normal individuals. This opens opportunities for further research in this field.: Changes in the central processing of the olfactory functions with increasing duration of T2DM and greater HbA1c levels may occur. Early detection smell impairment and meticulous control of blood sugar levels are required to prevent complications of T2DM affecting the olfactory sensation.