bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of marble dust and linz-donawitz slag for the production of pervious concrete
Authors: Singh Tarunbir , Kaur Gaganpreet , Singh Pavitar 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Nowadays, the development of infrastructure is in full swing, which exploits natural resources and causes environmental pollution. Furthermore, cement is the most essential commodity for construction material mainly concrete, and its production is rapidly increasing to fulfil the demand for construction. The cement production is regarded as the one of the key causes of CO2 emissions, which adversely affect the atmosphere by causing global warming. In addition to this, the ecosystem may suffer from marble quarrying and construction material processing. Nonetheless, waste marble can be used as a by-product if managed in accordance with regional, national, and international environmental laws. On the other hand, Currently, LD slag is disposed of in landfills, which exacerbates the scarcity of available land and contaminates groundwater through the leaching of heavy metals. The waste materials have the potential to be used in the development of infrastructure materials. The infrastructure development has aggravated the issue of rainwater runoff and flash flooding in rainy seasons because of inappropriate drainage. The elimination of sand in pervious concrete reduces its strength performance its practical applications are still limited. This study is aimed toward the permeability improvement of conventional pavement concrete by the implementation of pervious concrete and also to improve its strength characteristics. In this study, an attempt has to be made to replace the cement with marble dust up to a replacement level of 0% to 20% with an interval of 5%. Also, natural aggregate is replaced with Linz-Donawitz (LD) slag by 5%, 15%, 25%, and 35%. From the study, it is found that the use of marble dust and LD slag improves the strength properties, but reduces the permeation properties.
Properties of Concrete Containing Large Volumes of Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag and Ground Coal Bottom Ash with Lime Kiln Dust
Authors: Ban Cheah Chee , Hui David Wong Zhong , Jia Liew Jia , Ping Kevin Khaw Le 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Currently, there is no report on the combined use of ground coal bottom ash (GCBA) and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) as supplementary cementitious material (SCM) with lime kiln dust (LKD) as an additive in mortar. Hence, the current work aimed to investigate the impact of the addition of LKD on the properties of ternary blended cement mortar consisting of a large volume of GCBA and GGBS as SCM. The total substitution level of cement was up to 80%, where 50% of GGBS was combined with 0 to 30% of ground CBA. LKD was used with a content of 0%, 4% and 8%. A polycarboxylate-ether-based superplasticiser was used to achieve the mortar’s flow diameter of 200 ± 10 mm. Also, the fine aggregate-to-binder and water-to-binder ratios were fixed at 3.0 and 0.4, respectively. The result revealed that the setting time of the mortar increased by increasing the cement replacement level by GCBA. Besides, the setting time was reduced with increased LKD content. All the mortar mixtures are considered good quality according to the ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) results. The UPV values decrease with the increased GCBA replacement ratio but increase with extended curing ages. The mortar incorporating up to 15% GCBA achieved comparable or greater strength than the control mortar (50% OPC and 50% GGBS) at a curing age beyond 28 days. Moreover, increased strength performance was noticed with increased LKD content from 0% to 8%.
A comparison of countermeasures against landslide on the road No.152, Sapa Town, Lao Cai Province, Vietnam
Authors: Aung T Z , Naing C T T , Nguyen L C , Nguyen K T 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Landslide hazards are one of the most common geological disasters due to the impacts of natural factors, mainly rainfall, and human activities, such as the construction of transport infrastructure and mining projects. In Vietnam, most of the landslides and slippage frequently occur in mountainous areas, especially in Lao Cai province during the rainy season. In 2021, a slope failure happened near the Mong Hoa valley, on Road No. 152, sections Km 2+728.26–Km 2+827.04 in Cau May ward, Sapa town, Lao Cai province. In this study, topographical features, geomorphological features, hydrological features, geological investigation, and laboratory tests were performed to analyse the slope stability. This study used the Limit Equilibrium Method (LEM) and the Finite Element Method (FEM) to analyse the slope stability, and several countermeasures were proposed for this slope such as the retaining wall, ground anchors, and soil nails. This numerical result showed that the ground anchors and soil nails are the suitable method to prevent the instability of the slope. This study shows that compared with the traditional LEM method and advanced FEM method is that it can capture more results not only safety factor but also horizontal displacement and load anchor result. As a result, this analysis showed that the safety factor value in the finite element method was greater than that in the limit equilibrium method.
Unsaturated hydraulic property of recycled concrete aggregates blended with autoclaved aerated concrete grains for unbound road base and subbase materials in Vietnam
Authors: Pham Van Nam , Nguyen Quoc Cuong , Nguyen Hoang Giang , Kawamoto Ken 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Roadbed materials of base and subbase layers are frequently unsaturated caused by rainfall, drainage, and evaporation. However, the movement of water in these layers is still poorly understood because of lacking data on unsaturated properties such as the water retention curve (WRC) and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity (K). This study, therefore, recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) blended with autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) grains (% of substitution on the mass basis from 0 to 50%) were used to examine the WRC and K for unbound roadbed materials in Vietnam using the evaporation method. Natural aggregates (NA) and Toyoura sand were used as control and reference material. Results showed that compared to NA100% and RCA100%, the water capacity of RCA mixed samples was much improved by blending AAC grains. Toyoura sand showed higher water capacity at saturation compared to RCA100% and NA100%, but quickly became lowest when matric potential exceeds 10 kPa. Toyoura sand showed the highest saturated hydraulic conductivity, but decreased dramatically around 10 kPa, while other tested samples remained higher K. The original van Genuchten – Mualem model was well fitted for Toyoura sand and underestimated for other tested samples, but showed an agreement with estimated conductivity parameter ranging from – 3.0 to -4.4.
An analytical and numerical study on influence of the load transfer shallow mixing layer on stress-induced and settlement of ground improved by CDM columns
Authors: Zar T , Nguyen TD , Nguyen CL 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In the literature, there are a few analytical methods for evaluating stress induced on the CDM column heads and most of them involve the use of geosynthetics embedded layers, except the method of ALiCC. However, the ALiCC method still has some limitations in actual designs. This paper presents numerical analysis (by using Plaxis software) and analytical analysis (by using the ALiCC method) on the influence of thickness and stiffness of the SM layer (without the use of geosynthetics embedded layers) on stress induced on column heads and settlement of the improved ground. A typical parametric case and actual project case were taken into analyses. Analysis results from the examined cases indicate that, as expected, when the thickness or stiffness of the SM layer increases, the settlement of the ground decreases and the stress induced on the column head increases. An important finding from this study is that the maximum stress induced in the CDM column is typically not on the head of the columns but at the middle depths where soil layers are softer than the SM layer and the bearing layer at the column toes.
Mapping domain junctions using 4D-STEM: toward controlled properties of epitaxially grown transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers
Authors: Dosenovic Djordje , Dechamps Samuel , Vergnaud Celine , Pasko Sergej , Krotkus Simonas , Heuken Michael , Genovese Luigi , Rouviere Jean-Luc , den Hertog Martien , Le Van-Jodin Lucie , Jamet Matthieu , Marty Alain , Okuno Hanako 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Epitaxial growth has become a promising route to achieve highly crystalline continuous two-dimensional layers. However, high-quality layer production with expected electrical properties is still challenging due to the defects induced by the coalescence between imperfectly aligned domains. In order to control their intrinsic properties at the device scale, the synthesized materials should be described as a patchwork of coalesced domains. Here, we report multi-scale and multi-structural analysis on highly oriented epitaxial WS2 and WSe2 monolayers using scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) techniques. Characteristic domain junctions are first identified and classified based on the detailed atomic structure analysis using aberration corrected STEM imaging. Mapping orientation, polar direction and phase at the micrometer scale using four-dimensional STEM enabled to access the density and the distribution of the specific domain junctions. Our results validate a readily applicable process for the study of highly oriented epitaxial transition metal dichalcogenides, providing an overview of synthesized materials from large scale down to atomic scale with multiple structural information.
Numerical analysis for the normal force of magnetorheological fluids
Authors: Zheng Ji-Nan , Zheng Xiang-Pan , Lin Xiu-Fang , Chen Shu-Mei 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
As one of the most important mechanical parameters of magnetorheological fluids (MRF), the normal force has been studied by a large number of researchers using various experimental equipment and methods. However, it is difficult to reveal the effects of particle microstructure characteristics on the normal force of MRF by experimental methods, especially for such factor as the particle size distribution. To advance this research area, a numerical method for calculating the normal force of MRF is proposed in this study. The accuracy of the simulation model is verified with the experimental results measured by a plate-plate magnetorheometer. The results show that the simulated values agree well with the experimental data, which indicates the feasibility of calculating the normal force of MRF using numerical methods and provides a new research idea for a more intuitive and comprehensive analysis of the normal force characteristics of MRF. Besides, the simulated data show that the increase in magnetic field intensity and particle volume fraction will sufficiently enhance the normal force of MRF and improve the response time of MRF. For the MRF with the same particle volume fraction, a decline in the average particle diameter will increase the normal force. Moreover, increasing the dispersion of particle size of MRF particles can also improve its normal force.
CAM photosynthesis in Bulnesia retama (Zygophyllaceae), a non-succulent desert shrub from South America
Authors: Mok Daniel , Leung Arthur , Searles Peter , Sage Tammy L , Sage Rowan F 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background and Aims
Bulnesia retama is a drought-deciduous, xerophytic shrub from arid landscapes of South America. In a survey of carbon isotope ratios (δ13C) in specimens from the field, B. retama exhibited less negative values, indicative of CAM or C4 photosynthesis. Here, we investigate whether B. retama is a C4 or CAM plant.

Methods
Gas-exchange responses to intercellular CO2, diurnal gas-exchange profiles, δ13C and dawn vs. afternoon titratable acidity were measured on leaves and stems of watered and droughted B. retama plants. Leaf and stem cross-sections were imaged to determine whether the tissues exhibited succulent CAM or C4 Kranz anatomy.

Key Results
Field-collected stems and fruits of B. retama exhibited δ13C between −16 and −19 ‰. Plants grown in a glasshouse from field-collected seeds had leaf δ13C values near −31 ‰ and stem δ13C values near −28 ‰. The CO2 response of photosynthesis showed that leaves and stems used C3 photosynthesis during the day, while curvature in the nocturnal response of net CO2 assimilation rate (A) in all stems, coupled with slightly positive rates of A at night, indicated modest CAM function. C4 photosynthesis was absent. Succulence was absent in all tissues, although stems exhibited tight packing of the cortical chlorenchyma in a CAM-like manner. Tissue titratable acidity increased at night in droughted stems.

Conclusions
Bulnesia retama is a weak to modest C3 + CAM plant. This is the first report of CAM in the Zygophyllaceae and the first showing that non-succulent, xerophytic shrubs use CAM. CAM alone in B. retama was too limited to explain less negative δ13C in field-collected plants, but combined with effects of low stomatal and mesophyll conductance it could raise δ13C to observed values between −16 and −19 ‰. Modest CAM activity, particularly during severe drought, could enable B. retama to persist in arid habitats of South America.
Locomotor performance differs between foraging and predator escape but is not related to survival in hatchling lizards
Authors: Norris M Christopher , Robbins Travis R , Warner Daniel A 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Behaviour is influenced by many factors, including morphology, performance capabilities and the surrounding environment. Behavioural adjustments in response to these factors have important fitness consequences, and therefore behaviour should be considered when evaluating relationships among morphology, performance and fitness. We used hatchling fence lizards (Sceloporus undulatus) to test if sprinting speed and movement behaviours (e.g. latency to approach prey, number of pauses when fleeing or foraging) differ between foraging and anti-predator contexts and if these behaviours are associated with body size, locomotor performance capacity and survival. We quantified maximal sprint performance of individuals and evaluated their running speed in laboratory trials of foraging (moving towards crickets) and predator escape (response to a swooping avian predator). We show that hatchlings run at ~17–36% of total capacity when foraging. Although the most common anti-predator behaviour was to remain still, those that fled from the predator ran at full burst speed. However, foraging and escape speed/behaviours were not associated with body size or locomotor capacity. Hatchlings were subsequently released at our field site for a recapture study to assess phenotypic relationships with survival. We found no evidence that survival was influenced by performance or behaviour, but body size was positively related to survival in the field. These results highlight how seemingly important fitness-relevant behavioural and performance traits may not mediate the relationship between body size and survival.
O01 Clinical aspects of psoriasis flares and risk factors for developing a post-infectious flare in children with SARS-CoV-2 infection: data from the Chi-PsoCov registry
Authors: Mahé Emmanuel , di Lernia Vito , Fortina Anna Belloni , Lesiak Aleksandra , Brzezinski Piotr , Topkarci Zeynep , Murashkin Nikolay , Torres Tiago , De La Cruz Helena Vidaurri , Maruani Annabel , Chiriac Anca , Bursztejn Anne-Claire , Van Den Reek Juul , Epishev Roman , Severino-Freire Maella , Akinde Maria , Luca Catalina , Thomas Jayakar , Zitouni Jinane , McPherson Tess , Mahil Satveer , Smith Catherine , Flohr Carsten , Bachelez Hervé 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The international Chi-PsoCov registry showed that biologics did not increase the risk of severe forms of COVID-19 in children with psoriasis. It was shown that COVID-19 may induce de novo psoriasis or flares of known psoriasis. We focused on children who developed a flare of psoriasis after infection, phenotypic aspects of the flares, and searched for associated factors. We included 149 children from February 2021 to May 2022 in 14 countries. The 11 who developed de novo psoriasis were excluded. We excluded 160 children (M / F = 1; mean age 12.4 years; plaque psoriasis 64.7%). Psoriasis worsened within 1 month of onset of COVID-19 in 26 cases (17.4%). For other children, psoriasis improved (n = 1; 0.6%) or remained same (n = 122; 81.9%). In 24 patients whose condition worsened, the phenotype was unchanged, and in 2, there were phenotype changes: plaque psoriasis to guttate or inverse psoriasis. Demographic characteristics, phenotype/severity of psoriasis or COVID-19 severity were not associated with flares. Only the use of systemic treatments at the time of infection protected against the occurrence of flares (50.0% vs. 27.3%, P = 0.049). In this study SARS-CoV-2 infection was associated with psoriasis flares in 17% of cases. In the majority of cases that worsened, the phenotype preceding the infection was preserved. These flares are not associated with the severity of psoriasis, severity of COVID-19 or other clinical parameters. Only systemic treatments seem to reduce this risk, probably by ‘controlling’ the flare. It is possible that a genetic susceptibility, not explored here, also explains this susceptibility to infection.
O03 Langerhans cell histiocytosis: case series of presentations to dermatology in the BRAF era
Authors: Coyle Conor , Bovijn Louise , Blanco Esther , McPherson Tess 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare disease driven by MAPK pathway mutations. This condition is on a spectrum, from single-system to life-threatening multisystem disease. Identification of the BRAF mutation is leading to improved understanding and targeted therapies. However, there is limited information on genetic status, phenotype and dermatological features. Fourteen patients were seen in the Paediatric Dermatology department in period 2015–2022: 11 males and 3 females; 9 patients had multisystem LCH; 8 patients had cutaneous manifestations of LCH; and 4 had limited cutaneous LCH. Six patients were diagnosed in the department and typically had multiple incorrect diagnoses and treatments prior to review. Clinical features varied from widespread skin involvement, scalp/groin intertrigo, flexural ulcerations and telangiectatic papules. Eight had LCH diagnosed in other tissues by oncology and referral advice on cutaneous symptoms were sought. Most patients have required input from dermatology throughout treatment. Biopsies were taken when unclear diagnosis and/or pathology would influence treatment. Several consultations revealed benign pathologies including keratosis pilaris and dermatitis requiring topical treatment advice only. All five patients with BRAF v600 mutation had multisystem disease including diabetes insipidus, adrenal insufficiency, gut and bone lesions. Two patients with severe LCH and BRAF mutations are being treated successfully with dabrafenib. Our series demonstrates the important role of dermatology in the diagnosis and management of LCH. This series confirms clinical heterogeneity and an association of BRAF V600E mutation with multiorgan disease. Ongoing work should expand our knowledge of the relationship of genetic alterations with clinical phenotypes and comorbidities.
O07 Faceless PHACES
Authors: Albela Henrietta , O’Neill Claire , Glover Mary , Solman Lea , Polubothu Satyamaanasa 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
PHACES syndrome (posterior fossa – haemangioma – arterial – cardiac – eye – sternal) is a multisystem disorder which often presents first with a facial, segmental infantile haemangioma (IH). Prompt recognition of this subtype of IH is key to enable early detection of neurological/ophthalmological/cardiac anomalies. As per international consensus guidelines, the presence of a facial segmental haemangioma &gt; 5 cm triggers screening for associated extracutaneous anomalies. We present three infants with absent/minimal facial haemangioma, but who fulfilled extracutaneous criteria of PHACES syndrome. Patient 1 was a 3-week-old female who presented with a 1–2-cm linear superficial left post-auricular IH. PHACES screening revealed an atrial septal defect, intracranial haemangiomas and hypoplastic cerebrovasculature. Patient 2, a 9-month-old girl, was admitted to intensive care following acute respiratory deterioration. Examination revealed a segmental IH of the occipital scalp. PHACES screening revealed a vascular ring, right aortic arch, aberrant subclavian artery, subglottic and mediastinal IH and narrowing/tortuosity of the left internal carotid artery. Patient 3, a 4-month-old male, was referred for evaluation of three superficial IH, all &lt; 0.5 cm, one on the right post-auricular skin and two on the right forehead. He suffered acute collapse at 2 weeks of life leading to a diagnosis of obstructed total anomalous pulmonary–venous connection requiring emergency surgical correction. PHACES screening revealed bilateral dysplastic/torturous internal carotid arteries. We present three cases of PHACES syndrome without the classic facial segmental IH. Clinicians should be aware of the spectrum of IH observed in PHACES syndrome to enable prompt screening of those presenting with atypical scalp and post-auricular lesions.
O08 Mesenchymal stromal cells infusions in children with recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (MissionEB): a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Bageta Maria L , Balboa Pablo Lopez , Glover Rachel , Cooper Cindy , Papaioannou Diana E , Julious Steven , Dimairo Munya , Biggs Katie , Petrof Gabriela , Martinez Anna E 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB) is one of the most severe forms of epidermolysis bullosa caused by loss-of-function mutations in the type VII collagen gene (COL7A1) leading to extensive skin and mucosal fragility and systemic complications. No active treatment is currently available. This study assesses whether repeated infusions of allogeneic umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stromal cells are safe and can benefit children with RDEB. This is a double-blinded, randomized (1 : 1), placebo-controlled crossover trial with an internal dose de-escalation trial for safety and a further 12-month open-label study following review of the data. Around 36 participants with RDEB who are older than 6 months and younger than 16 years are being recruited at Great Ormond Street Hospital and Birmingham Children's Hospital. Participants will receive two intravenous infusions (days 0 and 14), at a dose of 2–3 × 106 cells kg–1 that could be adjusted to 1–1.5 × 106 cells kg–1 based on observed toxicities. Outcomes assessed at 3 and 6 months from day 0 in each crossover period include changes in EBDASI, iscorEB, pain, itch and quality of life scores. This is the largest cell-therapy study in children with RDEB. Previous nonrandomized trials have suggested that intravenous mesenchymal stromal cells are safe in children with RDEB and indicated early evidence of benefit. There was a need for a robust controlled study to validate these findings. The study is funded by the National Research Collaboration Programme (NIHR127963), an NHS England and NHS Improvement and National Institute for Health Research partnership, and Cure EB. ISRCTN registry (ISRCTN14409785).