bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancing Photocatalytic‐Transfer Semi‐Hydrogenation of Alkynes Over Pd/C3N4 Through Dual Regulation of Nitrogen Defects and the Mott–Schottky Effect
Authors: Hu Yaning , Zhang Shuo , Zhang Zedong , Zhou Hexin , Li Bing , Sun Zhiyi , Hu Xuemin , Yang Wenxiu , Li Xiaoyan , Wang Yu , Liu Shuhu , Wang Dingsheng , Lin Jie , Chen Wenxing , Wang Shuo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe selective hydrogenation of alkynes is an important reaction; however, the catalytic activity and selectivity in this reaction are generally conflicting. In this study, ultrafine Pd nanoparticles (NPs) loaded on a graphite‐like C3N4 structure with nitrogen defects (Pd/DCN) are synthesized. The resulting Pd/DCN exhibits excellent photocatalytic performance in the transfer hydrogenation of alkynes with ammonia borane. The reaction rate and selectivity of Pd/DCN are superior to those of Pd/BCN (bulk C3N4 without nitrogen defects) under visible‐light irradiation. The characterization results and density functional theory calculations show that the Mott–Schottky effect in Pd/DCN can change the electronic density of the Pd NPs, and thus enhances the hydrogenation selectivity toward phenylacetylene. After 1 h, the hydrogenation selectivity of Pd/DCN reaches 95%, surpassing that of Pd/BCN (83%). Meanwhile, nitrogen defects in the supports improve the visible‐light response and accelerate the transfer and separation of photogenerated charges to enhance the catalytic activity of Pd/DCN. Therefore, Pd/DCN exhibits higher efficiency under visible light, with a turnover frequency (TOF) of 2002 min−1. This TOF is five times that of Pd/DCN under dark conditions and 1.5 times that of Pd/BCN. This study provides new insights into the rational design of high‐performance photocatalytic transfer hydrogenation catalysts.
Synthesis of 2‐Perfluoroalkylazuleno[2,1‐d]pyrimidin‐4(3H)‐ones via Brønsted Acid‐Mediated Intramolecular Cyclization and Transformation into Pyrimidines
Authors: Shoji Taku , Ariga Yukino , Sakata Naoko , Ando Daichi , Mori Shigeki , Okujima Tetsuo , Sekiguchi Ryuta , Ito Shunji 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBrønsted acid‐mediated intramolecular cyclization of 2‐amidoazulene derivatives, prepared by the reaction of 1‐cyano‐2‐aminoazulene derivatives with perfluoroalkyl acid anhydrides, resulted in the formation of 2‐perfluoroalkylazuleno[2,1‐d]pyrimidin‐4(3H)‐ones. Heating of these products in phosphoryl chloride led to 4‐chloro‐2‐perfluoroalkylazuleno[2,1‐d]pyrimidines. We also evaluated the reactivity of these pyrimidin‐4(3H)‐ones and pyrimidine derivatives toward the electrophilic and nucleophilic substitution reactions, revealing that a variety of functional groups can be incorporated into these derivatives. The NMR studies, NICS calculations, and single‐crystal X‐ray structure analyses revealed structural features including the bond‐length alternation of the azuleno[2,1‐d]pyrimidin‐4(3H)‐ones and pyrimidine derivatives.
Fluorescent poly[N‐(2‐hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide] nanogel by dispersion polymerization as a contrast agent for live‐cell imaging
Authors: Šálek Petr , Zbořilová Daniela , Pavlova Ewa , Kočková Olga , Konefał Rafał , Morávková Zuzana , Janoušková Olga 
Published: July 2023

AbstractHere, we report a novel dispersion polymerization for the preparation of cross‐linked poly[N‐(2‐hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide] (PHPMA)‐based nanogels in water/2‐methoxyethanol mixture (H2O/MetCel), initiated with potassium persulfate (KPS), and stabilized with poly(vinyl alcohol) 25/140 (PVA) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). Obtained nanogels were characterized using transmission (TEM) and cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo‐TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), asymmetric flow field‐flow fractionation (A4F), nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), and Raman spectroscopy methods in terms of size, particle size distribution, morphology, and structure. N‐(2‐hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide (HPMA) was copolymerized with 20 wt% ethylene dimethacrylate (EDMA) resulting in 138 nm poly[N‐(2‐hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide‐co‐ethylene dimethacrylate] (PHPMA‐EDMA) nanogel dispersion with irregular shape and core‐shell type structure. Next, we copolymerized HPMA with 20 wt% EDMA and 10 wt% propargyl methacrylate (PMA) to incorporate reactive functionality into the final core‐shell type 120 nm poly[N‐(2‐hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide‐co‐ethylene dimethacrylate‐co‐propargyl methacrylate] (PHPMA‐EDMA‐PMA) nanogel dispersion. Then, the biocompatibility of PHPMA‐EDMA‐PMA nanogel was proved using rat mesenchymal stem cells (rMSC), and human foreskin fibroblasts (BJ). PHPMA‐EDMA‐PMA nanogel was fluorescently labeled with sulfo‐cyanine3 azide resulting in 131 nm nanogel. We performed in vitro uptake studies with fluorescently labeled PHPMA‐EDMA‐PMA nanogel using rMSC showing that the fluorescently labeled PHPMA‐EDMA‐PMA nanogel was well‐distributed in the cytosol and taken up into lysosomes.
Enhancing high‐temperature breakdown strength of polyetherimide dielectric nanocomposites with MgO nanosheets by inhibiting charge migration
Authors: Li Hongye , Du Mingyue , Yang Xuelin , Liu Xiaolin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPolymer‐based dielectric nanocomposites with excellent high‐temperature energy storage performance are highly desirable in advanced electronic and power systems, but it remains a challenge to achieve superior breakdown strength at elevated temperatures. In this work, two‐dimensional (2D) magnesium oxide nanosheets (MgO NSs) are prepared by a hydrothermal method and used as fillers to fabricate MgO NSs/polyetherimide (PEI) dielectric nanocomposites. The effect of MgO NSs addition (1–4 wt%) on breakdown strength of MgO NSs/PEI nanocomposites is studied from 25 to 150°C. As a result, the nanocomposites containing 3 wt% MgO NSs obtain maximum breakdown strength of 538 kV mm−1 at 150°C, which is 25% higher than that of pure PEI and remains 92% of the room‐temperature value, accompany with an excellent discharged energy density of 3.66 J cm−3. The enhancement of breakdown strength could be attributed to the 2D structure and wide band gap (~7.8 eV) of MgO NSs, which act as barriers to suppress the electrical tree growth and create deep traps to capture charge, thus inhibiting the migration of charge carriers and suppressing electrical conduction. This work provides an effective approach for developing high‐temperature polymer‐based dielectric nanocomposites with high breakdown strength and discharged energy density.
Dual asynchronous control for T‐S fuzzy semi‐Markov jump systems: A finite‐time design
Authors: Fu Hang , Zhou Cheng , Ma Chao 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis paper addresses the control problem of Takagi–Sugeno fuzzy semi‐Markov jump systems (TFSMJSs) under the finite‐time analysis and synthesis framework. Due to the commonly used networked communication structure, the semi‐Markovian jumping modes and fuzzy premise variables cannot always perfectly match for system and controller among the whole system operation. More precisely, both asynchronous phenomena in fuzzy membership and jumping mode are taken into account, and then, mode‐dependent finite‐time controllers are developed with these features. By utilizing stochastic analysis and Lyapunov–Krasovskii stability theory, sufficient criteria are first established for the closed‐loop system in the context of mean‐square sense. Furthermore, feedback controller gains are captured by the matrix technique and parallel distributed compensation (PDC)‐related arguments. Eventually, a simulation example of an unmanned marine vehicle (UMV) is utilized to demonstrate the validity of the developed results.
An integrated fecal metabolomic based on 1H‐NMR and UPLC‐QTOF‐MS revealed the preventive mechanism of Gushudan on glucocorticoid‐induced osteoporotic rats
Authors: Xin Ling , Liu Shuo , Lou Yanwei , Zhang Jing , Lu Qing , Zhao Longshan , Wei Xiuyan , Xiong Zhili 
Published: July 2023

AbstractGushudan (GSD) has the effect of strengthening bones and nourishing kidneys. However, its specific intervention mechanism still remains unclear. In this study, to investigate the pathogenesis of glucocorticoid‐induced osteoporosis (GIOP) and the preventive mechanism of GSD on GIOP, fecal metabolomics based on 1H‐NMR and ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography‐quadrupole time‐of‐flight‐mass spectrometry method was established. The changes in endogenous metabolites and the relevant metabolic pathways in the control group, model group, and GSD treatment group were investigated via multivariate statistical analysis. As a result, a total of 39 differential metabolites were identified. Of these, 22 metabolites, such as L‐methionine, guanine, and sphingosine, were newly discovered as differential metabolites of GIOP. Amino acid metabolism, energy metabolism, intestinal flora metabolism, and lipid metabolism were significantly changed in the fecal profiles of GIOP rats, and GSD could play an anti‐osteoporosis role by regulating these metabolic pathways. Finally, compared with our previous study of the GSD to prevent kidney yang deficiency syndrome, this study suggested that there were some identical differential metabolites and metabolic pathways. It showed that there was some correlation among the metabolic profiles of the intestine, kidney, and bone in GIOP rats. Therefore, this study offered new insights into the in‐depth understanding of the pathogenesis of GIOP and the intervention mechanism of GSD.
HMMR alleviates endoplasmic reticulum stress by promoting autophagolysosomal activity during endoplasmic reticulum stress‐driven hepatocellular carcinoma progression
Authors: He Lin , Li Hao , Li Can , Liu Ze‐Kun , Lu Meng , Zhang Ren‐Yu , Wu Dong , Wei Ding , Shao Jie , Liu Man , Wei Hao‐Lin , Zhang Cong , Wang Zhe , Kong Ling‐Min , Chen Zhi‐Nan , Bian Huijie 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe mechanism of hepatitis B virus (HBV)‐induced carcinogenesis remains an area of interest. The accumulation of hepatitis B surface antigen in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of hepatocytes stimulates persistent ER stress. Activity of the unfolded protein response (UPR) pathway of ER stress may play an important role in inflammatory cancer transformation. How the protective UPR pathway is hijacked by cells as a tool for malignant transformation in HBV‐related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is still unclear. Here, we aimed to define the key molecule hyaluronan‐mediated motility receptor (HMMR) in this process and explore its role under ER stress in HCC development.MethodsAn HBV‐transgenic mouse model was used to characterize the pathological changes during the tumor progression. Proteomics and transcriptomics analyses were performed to identify the potential key molecule, screen the E3 ligase, and define the activation pathway. Quantitative real‐time PCR and Western blotting were conducted to detect the expression of genes in tissues and cell lines. Luciferase reporter assay, chromatin immunoprecipitation, coimmunoprecipitation, immunoprecipitation, and immunofluorescence were employed to investigate the molecular mechanisms of HMMR under ER stress. Immunohistochemistry was used to clarify the expression patterns of HMMR and related molecules in human tissues.ResultsWe found sustained activation of ER stress in the HBV‐transgenic mouse model of hepatitis‐fibrosis‐HCC. HMMR was transcribed by c/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) and degraded by tripartite motif containing 29 (TRIM29) after ubiquitination under ER stress, which caused the inconsistent expression of mRNA and protein. Dynamic expression of TRIM29 in the HCC progression regulated the dynamic expression of HMMR. HMMR could alleviate ER stress by increasing autophagic lysosome activity. The negative correlation between HMMR and ER stress, positive correlation between HMMR and autophagy, and negative correlation between ER stress and autophagy were verified in human tissues.ConclusionsThis study identified the complicated role of HMMR in autophagy and ER stress, that HMMR controls the intensity of ER stress by regulating autophagy in HCC progression, which could be a novel explanation for HBV‐related carcinogenesis.
Effectiveness, safety, and impact on quality of life of eribulin‐based therapy in heavily pretreated patients with metastatic breast cancer: A real‐world analysis
Authors: Gui Xinyu , Liang Xu , Li Huiping 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntroductionEribulin is currently recommended for the treatment of patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC) pre‐treated with taxanes and anthracyclines. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of eribulin and its impact on health‐related quality of life in heavily pre‐treated patients with MBC.MethodsData from MBC patients who had received eribulin‐based therapy at Beijing Cancer Hospital between January 2020 and July 2022 were analyzed retrospectively. Progression‐free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), adverse effects (AEs) and health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) were assessed.ResultsData from 118 patients who had received eribulin to treat MBC were included. Median PFS was 4.2 months and median OS had not been reached. The ORR was 13.6% (16/118) and DCR was 75.4% (89/118). The median PFS in patients who received eribulin in second‐line (26/118), third‐line (29/118), or fourth‐line or later (63/118) was 4.5, 4.2, and 3.9 months, respectively. The median OS in patients who received eribulin in third‐ or later line (n = 92) was 14.1 months. Patients who received eribulin combination therapy had a significantly longer median PFS compared with those who received eribulin monotherapy (4.5 vs. 3.4 months, p = 0.007) and there was a trend towards a longer median OS (not reached vs. 12.1 months). The most common grade 3–4 adverse events were neutropenia (22.9%), leukocytopenia (13.6%) and asthenia/fatigue (8.5%), without significant differences in safety between eribulin monotherapy and combination therapy. Quality of life was similar in patients who received eribulin monotherapy and combination therapy, except for cognitive function and nausea and vomiting symptoms, which were better with combination therapy.ConclusionsThe present study suggests that eribulin‐based therapy is an effective treatment option and well tolerated for heavily pre‐treated patients with MBC. Eribulin combination therapy might improve PFS and HRQoL compared with eribulin monotherapy.
Lobe‐specific analysis of perioperative chemotherapy for non‐small cell lung cancer patients
Authors: Lei Xi , Li Tong , Mao Fuling , Ren Fan , Tang Quanying , Cao Weibo , Zu Lingling , Xu Song 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectivesPerioperative cisplatin‐based chemotherapy decreases the risk of death over surgery alone and is a standard of care. Here, we examined perioperative chemotherapy indications for stage IB‐III non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients according to lobe‐specific analysis.MethodsResectable NSCLC patients with stage IB–III who received perioperative chemotherapy with and without radiotherapy after lung resection were identified from the SEER database. Propensity score matching (PSM) analysis was performed to reduce the inherent bias of retrospective studies. The Kaplan–Meier method and log‐rank tests were used to assess the differences in overall survival (OS).ResultsThe study enrolled 23,844 patients before PSM. The perioperative chemotherapy group had better OS than the nonperioperative chemotherapy group in stage IB–III NSCLC patients before and after PSM. However, subgroup analysis according to stage demonstrated that perioperative chemotherapy did not markedly benefit patients with stage IB. Furthermore, lobar subgroup analysis did not show survival advantages in primary tumors located in either the right middle lobe in stages II and III NSCLC or the right lower lobe in stage III NSCLC.ConclusionsLobe‐specific perioperative chemotherapy is recommended in NSCLC patients. For stage IB NSCLC, right middle lobe NSCLC from stage IB‐III and right lower lobe NSCLC from stage III, perioperative chemotherapy might not confer survival benefits.
Quantitative Analysis of The High‐Yield Hydrolysis of Kelp by Laminarinase and Alginate Lyase
Authors: Takasuka Taichi E. , Kim Hoon , Deng Kai , Bianchetti Christopher M. , Yamashita Kaho , Beebe Emily T. , Bergeman Lai F. , Vander Meulen Kirk A. , Deutsch Samuel , Ralph John , Adams Paul D. , Northen Trent R. , Fox Brian G. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractKelp is an abundant, farmable biomass‐containing laminarin and alginate as major polysaccharides, providing an excellent model substrate to study their deconstruction by simple enzyme mixtures. Our previous study showed strong reactivity of the glycoside hydrolase family 55 during hydrolysis of purified laminarin, raising the question of its reactivity with intact kelp. In this study, we determined that a combination of a single glycoside hydrolase family 55 β‐1,3‐exoglucanase with a broad‐specificity alginate lyase from the polysaccharide lyase family 18 gives efficient hydrolysis of untreated kelp to a mixture of simple sugars, that is, glucose, gentiobiose, mannitol‐end glucose, and mannuronic and guluronic acids and their soluble oligomers. Quantitative assignments from nanostructure initiator mass spectrometry (NIMS) and 2D HSQC NMR spectroscopy and analysis of the reaction time‐course are provided. The data suggest that binary combinations of enzymes targeted to the unique polysaccharide composition of marine biomass are sufficient to deconstruct kelp into soluble sugars for microbial fermentation.
Tailored Porous Transport Layers for Optimal Oxygen Transport in Water Electrolyzers: Combined Stochastic Reconstruction and Lattice Boltzmann Method
Authors: Liu Jiang , Li Min , Yang Yingying , Schlüter Nicolas , Mimic Dajan , Schröder Daniel 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe porous transport layer (PTL) plays an integral role for the mass transport in polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) electrolyzers. In this work, a stochastic reconstruction method of titanium felt‐based PTLs is applied and combined with the Lattice Boltzmann method (LBM). The aim is to parametrically investigate the impact of different PTL structures on the transport of oxygen. The structural characteristics of a reconstructed PTL agree well with experimental investigations. Moreover, the impact of PTL porosity, fiber radius, and anisotropy parameter on the structural characteristics of PTLs are analyzed, and their impact on oxygen transport are elucidated by LBM. Eventually, a customized graded PTL is reconstructed, exhibiting almost optimal mass transport performance for the removal of oxygen. The results show that a higher porosity, larger fiber radius, and smaller anisotropy parameter facilitate the formation of oxygen propagation pathways. By tailoring the fiber characteristics and thus optimizing the PTLs, guidelines for the optimal design and manufacturing can be obtained for large‐scale PTLs for electrolyzers.
Designing research strategy and technology innovation for sustainability by adopting “imaginary future generations”—A case study using metallurgy
Authors: Hara Keishiro , Miura Iori , Suzuki Masanori , Tanaka Toshihiro 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTo mobilize science and technology for sustainability, it is essential to develop a method for explicitly considering the needs and preferences of future generations in designing research strategies and technology innovations. In this study, we conducted a participatory deliberation experiment on research strategy design of hydrothermal reactions and slag, to analyze whether the adoption of imaginary future generations (IFGs), which is a social system that has been proven to be effective for overcoming shortsightedness and activating futurability of people and society in pursuit of sustainability, could change the direction of research and development (R&D) and thereby innovation. A questionnaire survey was administered to the participants after each deliberation session to verify whether treatments, such as analyzing past R&D initiatives and adopting IFGs in deliberations, would change participants’ perceptions about criteria related to designing R&D programs. The results of the deliberation experiment showed that the contents and ideas of research strategies, such as research visions, methodologies and anticipated benefits, were changed by the adoption of IFGs. The criteria used for designing R&D also altered according to changes in research strategy. The findings showed that adopting IFGs and examining issues from the viewpoint of “futurability” could shift the direction of research agendas and technological innovation. Furthermore, the findings could provide insights into how to design R&D strategies and generate innovations in pursuit of sustainability by reflecting upon the needs of and benefits to future generations.
Clinicopathological profile of sclerosing polycystic adenoma/adenosis: A systematic review
Authors: de Carvalho Kimura Talita , de Lima‐Souza Reydson Alcides , Scarini João Figueira , Lavareze Luccas , Egal Erika Said Abu , Altemani Albina , Mariano Fernanda Viviane 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn this systematic review, we aimed to evaluate the clinicopathological profile of sclerosing polycystic adenoma (SPA). PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Lilacs, Web of Science, and gray literature were searched to access cases of SPA in salivary glands. One hundred and thirty cases of SPA were found across 61 selected articles. SPA affected mainly the parotid gland of adults with a mean age of 44.6 years old, with a slight preference for females. The lesion was usually presented as a painless firm mass with a long period of evolution. Histologically, they are well‐delimitated lesions composed of acinar and ductal elements with a variety of cytomorphologic features surrounded by a densely collagenized stroma. PI3K was the most common gene mutation related to SPA. SPA is a benign condition that mainly affects the parotid gland of female patients and it is usually treated by surgical resection with a good prognosis.
Prevalence of exposure to needle stick and sharp‐related injury and status of hepatitis B vaccination among healthcare workers: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Rupak K. C. , Khadka Dipendra , Ghimire Sabal , Bist Aayush , Patel Ishant , Shahi Smriti , Dhakal Natasha , Tiwari Ibeja , Shrestha Dhan B. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsHepatitis B is a leading cause of chronic liver disease and subsequent liver transplantation. This is a vaccine‐preventable illness. Health workers continue to be at risk for blood‐borne pathogens due to occupational exposures. The overall goals of our study were to determine the prevalence of exposure to needle sticks and sharp‐related injuries (NSSI) and hepatitis B vaccination status among healthcare workers (HCWs) of Nepalgunj Medical College Teaching Hospital (NGMCTH), Kohalpur, Banke, Nepal.MethodsA descriptive cross‐sectional study was conducted among HCWs at the NGMCTH following ethics approval by the NGMCTH Ethics Review Committee. A pretested structured questionnaire was used to compile the data. Data was collected from September 15, 2021 to September 14, 2022. Collected data entered in Microsoft Excel and analyzed using statistical package for social sciences version 22. Analyzed data were presented using simple descriptive statistics with appropriate figures and tables.ResultsA total of 304 among 506 HCWs (60.1%) participated in the survey were exposed to Needle sticks. Nine of whom (3.7%) were injured substantially (more than 10 times). Among nursing students, 21.3% had experience with NSSI. 71.7% of HCWs had received at least one dose of the hepatitis B vaccine, of whom 61.9% (44.5% of total HCWs) had received three doses.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that more than two‐quarters of HCWs were exposed to NSSI. Despite being at risk, vaccination status was still low, and less than half only received three complete doses. Precaution should be taken when working with instrumentation and procedures. Hepatitis B immunization programs for HCWs should be delivered at no cost with 100% coverage and protection. Raising awareness about hepatitis B infection and immunization remains crucial to primary prevention.