bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effects of cooling rate and water replenishment conditions on the freezing characteristics of silty clay in seasonal frozen area
Authors: Sun Chao , Song Tao , Guo Haotian , Wang Peijin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This study aims to investigate the influence of cooling rate and water replenishment on soil frost heave characteristics. A freezing test device was employed to examine the internal temperature variation, freezing deformation, and water migration in silty clay soil samples from the Changchun region. The findings suggest that: The temperature change trend remains consistent across various sampling points in the sample, irrespective of variations in cooling rates and water replenishment. The process can be categorized into four distinct stages: abrupt decline, stable recovery, gradual cooling, and equilibrium. The duration of the three stages, namely sudden drop, stable recovery, and continuous reduction of sample temperature, decreases with an increase in cooling rate under identical water supply conditions, the continuous cooling stage stands out among them. The cooling rate remains consistent, while the duration of temperature decrease, and continuous cooling phase is comparatively prolonged during open water refill conditions. The final temperature inside the sample collected at the same freezing time and temperature point is higher under conditions of open water replenishment compared to closed conditions. The structure of the samples in both open-water supplementation and closed conditions represents a network. Under identical water replenishment conditions, the apparent cold structure width of the samples increases with higher cooling rates. Despite identical water replenishment conditions, the sample exhibits slight variations in vertical frost heave displacement. The magnitude of vertical frost heave displacement increases with a decrease in cooling rate under different water replenishment conditions. The samples experienced moisture migration under both open and closed water replenishment conditions. The moisture content of the soil in the vicinity of the cooling roof exhibits an increase, whereas there is a decrease in the moisture content of the adjacent region. The moisture content at the positive temperature base plate of the sample remains relatively constant under conditions of closed water replenishment.
Thermal Decomposition Characteristics of BHT and its Peroxide (BHTOOH)
Authors: Dai Suyi , Liang Min , Cheng Haijun , Yu Chang , Li Weiguang , Lai Fang , Ma Li , Liu Xiongmin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

2,6-Di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol (BHT) is an excellent antioxidant that is easily oxidized to 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroperoxyl-4-methyl-2, 5-cyclohexadienone (BHTOOH). For the safety of BHT production and usage, it is meaningful to study the thermal stability and decomposition properties of BHT and BHTOOH. In this paper, the thermal decomposition properties of BHT and BHTOOH were compared by the mini closed pressure vessel test (MCPVT) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and their kinetics of thermal decomposition were studied using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The thermal decomposition products of BHT and BHTOOH were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results show that there was no significant change in temperature pressure when BHT was warmed up under a nitrogen atmosphere, indicating that BHT was stable within 400 K. The thermal decomposition reaction of BHTOOH was rapid with an initial reaction temperature of 375.2 K. The initial exothermic temperature (Ton) and heat release (QDSC) of DSC were 384.9 K and 865.0 J·g− 1, respectively. The average apparent activation energies (Ea) for the thermal decomposition reactions of BHT and BHTOOH calculated by the Kissinger and FWO methods were 152.0 kJ·mol− 1 and 68.24 kJ·mol− 1, respectively. The main products of BHT were decomposition products, which produce isobutene and 2-tert-Butyl-4-methylphenol.The main products of BHTOOH include BHT, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-ethylphenol, 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, 4, 4′-(1,2-ethanediyl) bis [2,6-bis (1,1-dimethylethyl) phenol, etc. Based on the thermal decomposition behavior and products, the reaction pathway has been described.
Young people's experiences of being involved in quality improvement of youth mental health services
Authors: Bjønness Stig , Leidland Charlotte , Ellis Louise A. , Ree Eline 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background: There is a worldwide concern regarding young people’s mental health and the complexities of designing mental health services to meet these challenges. By integrating user knowledge in the design of mental health services, the services will be better suited to meet the distinctive requirements of youth, as well as uphold their entitlement to participate and influence. Yet, a dearth of knowledge exists concerning the experiences of young people engaged in organizational-level user involvement within mental health services. This study delves into the viewpoints of young people with experience from mental health services, exploring their perceived advantages and challenges related to their involvement in the enhancement of mental health services’ quality.
Methods: A qualitative study with in-depth interviews and thematic analysis were conducted. Ten young, experienced users participated in the study.
Results: Youth user involvement in quality improvement of mental health services yielded notable benefits experienced as fostering personal recovery. Simultaneously, this involvement entailed challenging responsibilities. The participants experienced challenges associated with navigating their personal memories and expressing concern for their peers. The success of user involvement was closely associated with open-minded cooperative healthcare professionals, facilitation within the services, and provision of support for the young participants.
Conclusions: This study elucidates perceived benefits and challenges related to user involvement at an organizational level. It identifies pivotal conditions to success and underscores the value of incorporating user experience in the improvement of services, not only to create services tailored to the needs of youth but also to instill a positive self-identity and empower those participating. Recognizing the value of experienced users in quality improvement of the services will promote development of youth-friendly services. As young people engaged as experienced users also encounter challenges, it holds significant importance that healthcare services aiming to adhere to directives and recommendations for user involvement recognize the attendant responsibilities this endeavor entails.
The factors affecting psychological health and life satisfaction of patients with gestational trophoblastic neoplasia
Authors: Gu Xiaoya , Hao Jiatao , Wang Weihong , Zhao Haoyi , An Ruifang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background:Patients with gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) have significant anxiety, depression, sexual dysfunction, and fertility problems according to pieces of previous studies. This study aims to explore the factors influencing the psychological health and life satisfaction of patients with GTN.
Methods: In a single-center, cross-sectional study, 79 cases of GTN patients treated and followed up in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University were invested to complete the general information questionnaire, mainly including age, marriage, career, household income and fertility pressures, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and Life Satisfaction Scale (SWLS) in addition to the collection of clinical information such as diagnosis and treatment. Student’s t-test, Mann-Whitney test, chi-square and Fisher's exact test, binary logistic regression, and linear regression were used in this study based on Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS)
Results: A total of 79 GTN patients were enrolled, 44.3% and 20.3% of them were anxious and depressed, respectively. Multivariate analyses revealed that only the interval from index pregnancy (months) (ρ = 0.04) and surgical treatment (ρ< 0.001) were the key features related to anxiety status. While the place of residence (especially in the foreign province) (ρ= 0.02) exhibited vita consequences when it comes to depression status in GTN patients. Furthermore, a positive correlation had been found in the scores between HADS-A and HADS-D (r = 0.77, ρ< 0.001), while the analogous relationship didn’t exist in HADS-A (r= 0.09, ρ= 0.45) and HADS-D (r = 0.06, ρ= 0.61) with SWLS.
Conclusions: Our work herein suggests that various characteristics, especially the status of treatment, surgical treatment, and place of residence were central to psychological complaints such as anxiety, depression as well as satisfaction in GTN patients.
Bounds for the atom-bond sum-connectivity index of graphs
Authors: Hussain Zaryab , Liu Hechao , Zhang Shenggui , Hua Hongbo 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The atom-bond sum-connectivity (ABSC) index of a graph G is defined as ABSC(G) = uv∈E(G) du+dv−2 du+dv , where d u and d v represent the degrees of u and v in G, respectively. In this paper, we give some sharp bounds for the ABSC index in term of the first Zagreb index, the harmonic index, the sum-connectivity index, the minimum and maximum degrees, the clique number, and the chromatic number. In particular, we find lower bounds of the ABSC index for trees with given number of vertices and maximum degree ∆.
2020 Mathematics Subject Classification: 05C05, 05C09, 05C92.
Investigating School Absenteeism and Refusal among Australian Children and Adolescents using Apriori Association Rule Mining
Authors: Haque Umme Marzia , Kabir Enamul , Khanam Rasheda 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Understanding the elusive reasons behind school refusal and absenteeism, which often vary, poses a challenge. This study aimed to uncover the hidden reasons for school absence in children and adolescents, aware of the negative consequences. A national survey of 2967 Australian children and adolescents aged 11 to 17 was conducted. The Apriori association rule generator of machine learning techniques and binary logistic regression were utilized to identify the factors linked to these behaviours and determine the most reliable predictors. Out of 2484, 83.7% (n = 2079) aged (11–17) years children and adolescents missed school for various reasons, 42.28% (n = 879) were (11–15) years old, 24.52% (n = 609) and 16.9% (n = 420) were 16- and 17-years old adolescents respectively. A considerable proportion of adolescents, specifically 16.4% (n = 407) and 23.4% (n = 486) of 16 and 17 years old, respectively, selected for the 'refused to say' alternative as their reason for not attending school. The lack of transparency in Australian children and adolescents' behaviour motives is associated with negative outcomes, including bullying, excessive internet/gaming, reduced family involvement, suicide attempts, and existential hopelessness. The widespread occurrence of school absence in Australia, including school refusal behaviour, emphasizes the need for interventions addressing root causes and promoting school engagement and meaningful pursuits.
Exploring casual association of the inflammatory cytokines and osteoporosis: a Mendelian randomization analysis.
Authors: WEN MoShan , GAO Shihua , AN Xifeng , ZHAO JingTao , LV Yang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Introduction
The published studies have proved a few of inflammatory cytokines are involved in the pathogenesis of Osteoporosis (OP). However, the results from previous observational studies are controversial. Here, we performed a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study to explore the causal link between inflammatory cytokines and OP.
Methods
We obtained the genetic variables for inflammatory cytokines from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) with 8293 healthy participants and genetic variances of OP from another GWAS (3203 cases and 209,575 controls of European ancestry). Inverse variance weighted (IVW) method were adopted as the primary results. Meanwhile, weighted-median method, MR-Egger regression, simple-mode method, weighted-mode method were included to strengthen the results. Then performed the MR-Egger intercept test, Cochran’s Q test, “leave-one-out” sensitivity analysis and MR Pleiotropy RESidual Sum and Outlier test (MR-PRESSO) to access the horizontal pleiotropy, heterogeneities.
Results
The results of this two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis indicated that higher level of TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) and monocyte-specific chemokine 3 (MCP-3) may be suggestively associated with increased risk of OP (IVW-OR = 1.033 95%CI = 1.004-1.206 P = 0.04, IVW-OR = 1.217 95% CI = 1.054-1.405 P= 0.007). While higher level of interleukin 8 (IL-8) was suggestively associated with lower risk of OP (IVW-OR = 0.784 95%CI = 0.629-0.977 P = 0.03). Sensitivity analyses showed that the results remained consistent.
Conclusion
The current study suggested that TRAIL, MCP-3 and IL-8 may be the inflammatory cytokines correlated with the development of OP, but further studies are needed to examine our findings.
Clustering on hierarchical heterogeneous data with prior pairwise relationships
Authors: Han Wei , Zhang Sanguo , Gao Hailong , Bu Deliang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background: Clustering is a fundamental problem in statistics and has broad applications in various areas. Traditional clustering methods treat features equally and ignore the potential structure brought by the characteristic difference of features. Especially in cancer diagnosis and treatment, several types of biological features are collected and analyzed together. Treating these features equally fails to identify the heterogeneity of both data structure and cancer itself, which leads to incompleteness and inefficacy of current anti-cancer therapies.
Results: In this paper, we propose a clustering framework based on hierarchical heterogeneous data with prior pairwise relationships. The proposed clustering method fully characterizes the difference of features and identifies potential hierarchical structure by rough and refined clusters. The refined clustering further divides the clusters obtained by the rough clustering into different subtypes. Thus it provides a deeper insight of cancer that can not be detected by existing clustering methods. The proposed method is also flexible with prior information, additional pairwise relationships of samples can be incorporated to help to improve clustering performance. Finally, well-grounded statistical consistency properties of our proposed method are rigorously established, including the accurate estimation of parameters and determination of clustering structures.
Conclusions: Our proposed method achieves better clustering performance than other methods in simulation studies, and the clustering accuracy increases with prior information incorporated. Meaningful biological findings are obtained in the analysis of lung adenocarcinoma with clinical imaging data and omics data, showing that hierarchical structure produced by rough and refined clustering is necessary and reasonable.
Gateway selection and placement for Multi-radio multi-channel Wireless Mesh Networks with Garter Snake Optimization algorithm
Authors: Naghdiani Maryam , Jahanshahi Mohsen , Matin Reza Kazemi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Wireless mesh networks facilitate the provision of Intranet and Internet connectivity across diverse environments, catering to a wide range of applications. It is anticipated that there will be a significant volume of traffic on these networks. The selection and placement of gateway nodes is a significant research concern due to their responsibility for transmitting traffic load. This issue holds importance as it has the potential to optimize network capacity utilization and mitigate congestion effects. Furthermore, the implementation of a multi-radio multi-channel architecture is regarded as a highly promising approach to enhance performance and mitigate interference. Channel assignment is the process of determining the optimal associations between channels and radios for the purpose of transmitting and receiving data concurrently across multiple channels. In order to maximize throughput in multi-radio multi-channel wireless mesh networks, this research investigates the problem of gateway selection and location. Our solution is distinct from the many others described in the literature because it explicitly models the delay overhead associated with channel switching. In addition, we factor in the latency problem while developing our processes. In our research, a Garter Snake Optimization Algorithm (GSO) is used to strategically place gateways. Based on our research, we know that the suggested scheme performs within a constant factor of the best solution as measured by the achieved throughput. The simulation results show that compared to random deployment, fixed deployment, and grid-based techniques, our suggested mechanism makes better use of available resources and delivers much higher network performance.
Seasonal changes in the viability of bacterial cells in the snowpack ecosystem of a High Arctic ice cap
Authors: Dayal Archana , Hodson Andy , Šabacká Marie , Smalley Alan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We present an in-depth analysis of the proportions of potentially “viable” and “non-viable” bacterial cell populations within the different layers of a melting snowpack on a High Arctic ice cap, Foxfonna in Svalbard. To do so, we employed the SYBR-PI dual cell stain to both flow cytometry and epifluorescence microscopy for enumeration. Non-viable cells soon dominated on Foxfonna (2.5 ± 0.36 x 107 cells m− 2) during the June to early July period, when biological production is expected to be greatest. Moreover, non-viable cells also dominated total cell abundance within superimposed ice (223 ± 242 cells mL− 1) and glacial ice (695 ± 717 cells mL− 1) beneath the snow. As a result, bacterial production on the ice cap caused the proliferation of ‘potentially non-viable cells’ as early as mid-July. We propose that the rapid, early loss of cell viability was caused by abiotic and biotic factors, with UV damage and viral lysis being most plausible. Dead cell residue (necromass) therefore contributes to organic matter export, although in late July we also found a far more significant input from other detrital sources, most likely dust. The export of organic matter from ice caps as their snow cover is transformed into meltwater runoff is therefore derived from both autochthonous and allochthonous sources, but with limited viable bacteria.
China's urban green growth from 2000 to 2020 is influenced by legacy effects
Authors: Zhang Hai-Li , Xiu Hao , Sun Qinghui , Nizamani Mir Muhammad , Zhou Qing , Long Kaijun , Quan Yunfan , Fu Tingting 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
With rapid urbanization, urban green spaces (UGS) are critical to maintaining urban ecosystems and the health and well-being of residents. Improving UGS is included in UN Sustainable Development Goal 11.7 (SDG 11.7), which aims to achieve universal access to safe, inclusive, and accessible green and public spaces by 2030, especially for women and children, the elderly, and people with disabilities. However, the growth rate of urban green space (GRUGS) is affected by factors such as urban built-up (UBA) area expansion, population growth, and air pollution. Therefore, in this study, 291 cities in China are divided into 15 urban agglomerations (UA), and the factors affecting the growth rate of urban green spaces (GRUGS) in China over 20 years are explored using 2000 to 2020 Chinese Urban built-up area, population, and PM2.5 data. The results show that (1) the fastest growing area of green space in urban clusters in China is Greater Bay Area (2) Urban built-up area (UBA) is found to be the main factor influencing the GRUGS in urban agglomerations in China, i.e., the heritage effect is the main reason for the growth of urban green space in China. This study is of great significance and reference value for improving the green development of Chinese urban agglomerations by analyzing the factors that have influenced the growth of GRUGS in Chinese urban agglomerations over the past 20 years.
Diversity of waterbirds and their spatial and temporal distribution in different habitat types of Bohai Sea coastal wetlands (Shandong section)
Authors: He Miaomiao , Su Xiaoqi , Xin Huifeng , Wang Mao , Zhao Qian , Zhang Yuexia , Lyu Yan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Context
The coastal wetlands of the Bohai Sea are an important stopover site for migratory birds along the East Asia-Australasian flyway. Changes in land use and landscape structure of the coastal zone affect waterbird diversity and ecological conservation.
Objectives
We studied the community diversity and functional diversity of waterbirds in different habitats and seasons along the entire Shandong section of the Bohai Sea, explored the relationship between waterbird abundance and habitat area, and determined the relationship between bird functional eigenvalues and habitat types.
Methods
From June 2019 to April 2020, the Shandong section of the Bohai Sea was divided into 10 km × 10 km grids; a total of 87 grids were investigated, and four field surveys of waterbird communities were conducted using line transects and sampling points. We calculated the community and functional diversity of waterbirds in different habitats and seasons and analyzed the relationships of waterbird abundances with habitat area, functional traits, and habitat types using canonical correspondence analysis.
Results
The community diversity and functional diversity of waterbirds were highest in marsh wetlands, and waterbird richness and abundance were higher in natural wetlands than in artificial wetlands. There were significant differences in the diversity index of waterbirds among habitats and seasons. Habitat area was an extrinsic driver of the spatial distribution of different waterbird guilds, and foraging habits and feeding preferences were key intrinsic drivers.
Conclusions
Protecting waterbirds in this region requires prioritizing the protection of natural wetlands, reducing their exploitation, decreasing habitat fragmentation, and enhancing habitat connectivity.
A Search Cost Reduction in Particle Swarm Optimizers Using a Blindness Factor
Authors: Santos Reginaldo 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Many algorithmic procedures are available in the literature able to face optimization problems. Competent deterministic approaches deal efficiently with convex objective functions where the practitioner bounds the search spaces. However, the objective functions of real-world optimization problems are seldom convex. They can be multi-modal, non-convex, non-separable, non-symmetric, and several fitness surfaces have many local optima far from the global optimum (deceptive problems), making them even more challenging to find acceptable solutions with fewer objective function calls throughout the search process. With this in mind, this study aims to propose a new feature for non-deterministic approaches, such as the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm, that can reduce the number of objective function calls and still find at least a suitable solution in the context of the problem. This paper introduces the \textit{blindness factor}, an integer parameter that allows a particle to consecutively move through the search space knowing nothing about its quality, i.e., this factor controls the total number of function queries a particle can do and when the function is consulted. Computational experiments showed the effectiveness of the blindness factor in the PSO algorithm on different benchmark optimization problems.