bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of changes in lipid profiles of premenopausal women with early-stage breast cancer treated with different endocrine therapies
Authors: Wang Kaiyue , Shen Lu , Tian Wei , Zhang Suzhan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAdjuvant endocrine therapy improves the prognosis of early breast cancer with hormone receptor positivity. However, there is no systematic report on the effect of endocrine therapy (particularly ovarian function suppression, OFS) on serum lipids in premenopausal women. This retrospective cohort study aimed to determine whether various endocrine treatments had different effects on blood lipids. This study enrolled 160 premenopausal patients with stage I–III breast cancer in eastern China. The initial diagnostic information was retrieved from patient's medical records, including age at the time of diagnosis, tumor characteristics, anticancer treatment and past medical history. The changes in blood lipids in patients receiving different types of endocrine therapy were compared at the 3rd, 6th, 12th, and 24th months after initiating endocrine therapy. Generalized linear mixed model was used in our analyses. Our data revealed that low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels in patients with tamoxifen (TAM) were significantly lower in the 6th, 12th, and 24th months than that in the 3rd month, while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels in the 6th, 12th, and 24th months were significantly higher than that in the 3rd month, indicating that blood lipid levels generally improved with time. While in TAM plus OFS group, HDL-C levels were significantly higher in the 24th month than in the 3rd month, total cholesterol (TC) levels were significantly higher in the 24th month than in the 6th month. The lipid profiles of OFS plus aromatase inhibitor (AI) group did not show significant differences at any time point but were significantly higher than those of the other two groups especially in LDL and TC. TAM group tended to have lower serum lipid levels. With longer follow-up, no statistically significant difference in values was observed between TAM and TAM plus OFS groups at various time points. Compared with the other two groups, OFS plus AI group presented an increasing trend toward LDL-C and TC. The risk of dyslipidemia requires further investigation using a large sample size.
Prediction and risk assessment of sepsis-associated encephalopathy in ICU based on interpretable machine learning
Authors: Lu Xiao , Kang Hongyu , Zhou Dawei , Li Qin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractSepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is a major complication of sepsis and is associated with high mortality and poor long-term prognosis. The purpose of this study is to develop interpretable machine learning models to predict the occurrence of SAE after ICU admission and implement the individual prediction and analysis. Patients with sepsis admitted to ICU were included. SAE was diagnosed as glasgow coma score (GCS) less than 15. Statistical analysis at baseline was performed between SAE and non-SAE. Six machine learning classifiers were employed to predict the occurrence of SAE, and the adjustment of model super parameters was performed by using Bayesian optimization method. Finally, the optimal algorithm was selected according to the prediction efficiency. In addition, professional physicians were invited to evaluate our model prediction results for further quantitative assessment of the model interpretability. The preliminary analysis of variance showed significant differences in the incidence of SAE among patients with pathogen infection. There were significant differences in physical indicators like respiratory rate, temperature, SpO2 and mean arterial pressure (P < 0.001). In addition, the laboratory results were also significantly different. The optimal classification model (XGBoost) indicated that the best risk factors (cut-off points) were creatinine (1.1 mg/dl), mean respiratory rate (18), pH (7.38), age (72), chlorine (101 mmol/L), sodium (138.5 k/ul), SAPSII score (23), platelet count (160), and phosphorus (2.4 and 5.0 mg/dL). The ranked features derived from the best model (AUC is 0.8837) were mechanical ventilation, duration of mechanical ventilation, phosphorus, SOFA score, and vasopressin usage. The SAE risk prediction model based on XGBoost created here can make very accurate predictions using simple indicators and support the visual explanation. The interpretable model was effectively evaluated by professional physicians and can help them predict the occurrence of SAE more intuitively.
Identifying vital nodes for influence maximization in attributed networks
Authors: Wang Ying , Zheng Yunan , Liu Yiguang 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIdentifying a set of vital nodes to achieve influence maximization is a topic of general interest in network science. Many algorithms have been proposed to solve the influence maximization problem in complex networks. Most of them just use topology information of networks to measure the node influence. However, the node attribute is also an important factor for measuring node influence in attributed networks. To tackle this problem, we first propose an extension model of linear threshold (LT) propagation model to simulate the information propagation in attributed networks. Then, we propose a novel community-based method to identify a set of vital nodes for influence maximization in attributed networks. The proposed method considers both topology influence and attribute influence of nodes, which is more suitable for identifying vital nodes in attributed networks. A series of experiments are carried out on five real world networks and a large scale synthetic network. Compared with CELF, IMM, CoFIM, HGD, NCVoteRank and K-Shell methods, experimental results based on different propagation models show that the proposed method improves the influence spread by $$-2.28\% \, \textrm{to} \, 4.76\%$$

-
2.28
%

to

4.76
%

, $$-2.50\% \, \textrm{to} \, 16.97\%$$

-
2.50
%

to

16.97
%

, $$0.18\% \, \textrm{to} \, 16.07\%$$

0.18
%

to

16.07
%

, $$0.22\% \, \textrm{to} \, 41.82\%$$

0.22
%

to

41.82
%

, $$0.23\% \, \textrm{to} \, 11.24\%$$

0.23
%

to

11.24
%

and $$10.78\% \, \textrm{to} \, 75.22\%$$

10.78
%

to

75.22
%

.
A pathway analysis-based algorithm for calculating the participation degree of ncRNA in transcriptome
Authors: Gu Xinyi , Wang Shen , Jin Bo , Qi Zhidan , Deng Jin , Huang Chen , Yin Xiaofeng 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAfter sequencing, it is common to screen ncRNA according to expression differences. But this may lose a lot of valuable information and there is currently no indicator to characterize the regulatory function and participation degree of ncRNA on transcriptome. Based on existing pathway enrichment methods, we developed a new algorithm to calculating the participation degree of ncRNA in transcriptome (PDNT). Here we analyzed multiple data sets, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were used for pathway enrichment analysis. The PDNT algorithm was used to calculate the Contribution value (C value) of each ncRNA based on its target genes and the pathways they participates in. The results showed that compared with ncRNAs screened by log2 fold change (FC) and p-value, those screened by C value regulated more DEGs in IPA canonical pathways, and their target DEGs were more concentrated in the core region of the protein–protein interaction (PPI) network. The ranking of disease critical ncRNAs increased integrally after sorting with C value. Collectively, we found that the PDNT algorithm provides a measure from another view compared with the log2FC and p-value and it may provide more clues to effectively evaluate ncRNA.
On the role of tail in stability and energetic cost of bird flapping flight
Authors: Ducci Gianmarco , Vitucci Gennaro , Chatelain Philippe , Ronsse Renaud 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMigratory birds travel over impressively long distances. Consequently, they have to adopt flight regimes being both efficient—in order to spare their metabolic resources—and robust to perturbations. This paper investigates the relationship between both aspects, i.e., energetic performance and stability, in flapping flight of migratory birds. Relying on a poly-articulated wing morphing model and a tail-like surface, several families of steady flight regime have been identified and analysed. These families differ by their wing kinematics and tail opening. A systematic parametric search analysis has been carried out, in order to evaluate power consumption and cost of transport. A framework tailored for assessing limit cycles, namely Floquet theory, is used to numerically study flight stability. Our results show that under certain conditions, an inherent passive stability of steady and level flight can be achieved. In particular, we find that progressively opening the tail leads to passively stable flight regimes. Within these passively stable regimes, the tail can produce either upward or downward lift. However, these configurations entail an increase of cost of transport at high velocities penalizing fast forward flight regimes. Our model-based predictions suggest that long range flights require a furled tail configuration, as confirmed by field observations, and consequently need to rely on alternative mechanisms to stabilize the flight.
Enhancing impact resistance and biodegradability of PHBV by melt blending with ENR
Authors: Tomano Napat , Boondamnoen Orathai , Aumnate Chuanchom , Potiyaraj Pranut 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis research aims to enhance the mechanical characteristics of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) by using epoxidized natural rubber (ENR-25 and ENR-50) as a toughening agent and polybutadiene (PB) grafted with maleic anhydride (MA) (3 MA groups/chain) as a compatibilizer. The PHBV/ENR blends were mixed in 100/0, 90/10, 80/20, and 70/30 with PB-g-MA at 0, 5, and 10% (wt./wt.), using an internal mixer set to 175 °C with a rotor speed of 50 rpm. The findings indicated that at 70/30 PHBV/ENR composition, the impact strength of the blends with 25 and 50 epoxide contents were the greatest at 6.92 ± 0.35 J m−1 and 7.33 ± 1.19 J m−1, respectively, which are about two times greater than that of neat PHBV. Furthermore, the biodegradability of the PHBV/ENR blends was more substantial than that of neat PHBV, showing a mass reduction of approximately 40% and 45% for PHBV/ENR-25 and PHBV/ENR-50, respectively. In comparison, while the mass loss of PHBV was approximately 37% after three months of soil burial. The results indicate that ENR improves the toughness of the blends while simultaneously increasing PHBV degradation, which could pave the way for broadening PHBV for sustainability purposes.
Beamforming design for active RIS‐aided NOMA networks
Authors: Yang Fengming , Dai Jianxin , Pan Cunhua 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis paper studies the beamforming design for an active reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) aided non‐orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) network. It aims to minimize the transmission power while satisfying the requirement of the quality of service (QoS). To solve this problem, an iterative algorithm based on approximate transformations and penalty functions is proposed. Finally, simulation results illustrate that an active RIS‐aided NOMA system can achieve significant performance gains over the passive RIS‐aided NOMA network.
Latency optimization of task offloading in NOMA‐MEC systems
Authors: Wang Fangya , Ren Mengmeng , Yang Long , He Bingtao , Zhou Yuchen 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis paper investigates low‐latency offloading strategy in a non‐orthogonal multiple access aided mobile edge computing (NOMA‐MEC) system consisting of K edge servers, one mobile user and one cloud server. An intelligent edge server selection strategy (IESSS) based on Markov decision process (MDP) is proposed to select an edge server, in order to reduce the task completion latency of this system. When an edge server is selected by the proposed IESSS, a joint optimization problem of power allocation and task scheduling factors is formulated to minimize the task completion latency of the hybrid NOMA‐MEC system. To solve the formulated non‐convex optimization problem with coupled variables, a low‐complexity adaptive power‐task resource allocation iterative (APTRAI) algorithm is proposed. Simulation results demonstrate the advantages of the proposed IESSS and verify the convergence and time complexity of the proposed APTRAI algorithm.
Determining optimal neutral reactor to limit overvoltages and duration of secondary arc of transmission lines
Authors: Mohammadi Abolfazl , Abedini Moein , Davarpanah Mahdi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractEven though shunt compensation of transmission lines (TLs) is a common practice to limit the overvoltages stemming from the Ferranti effect, it may cause transient and steady‐state resonant overvoltages when one phase is left open due to the single‐pole‐open condition following the temporary phase‐to‐ground (Ph‐g) fault. Furthermore, the existing shunt reactors potentially increase the duration of the secondary arc current at the fault point and hence prevent offering fast single‐pole reclosing. To exploit the mentioned issues, in recent studies, a neutral reactor is introduced, which is installed in the neutral point of the shunt reactors; nonetheless, obtaining the appropriate amount of it is remarkably challenging. In this paper, an optimal neutral reactor (ONR) is determined based on an optimization problem, which minimizes the neutral reactor cost subject to limiting both resonant overvoltages and the duration of the secondary arc current. In modelling, the Laplace domain is employed rather than the phasor domain to consider both transient and steady‐state conditions since this technique allows having better control over transient overvoltages as well as transient secondary arc.
Influence of positive DC electric field on rime icing on the insulator and its experimental verification in the natural environment
Authors: Liu Zongyuan , Hu Yuyao , Jiang Xingliang , Chen Lei , Chi Mingchen , Han Feiyan , Zhao Chong 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe electric field imposes a significant effect on ice accretion on the insulator. The impact of an AC electric field on insulator icing in an artificial climate chamber has been addressed. Compared with AC, DC electric field exerts an attraction on supercooled water droplets, which is more detrimental to the power system. Moreover, the icing on energised insulators is rarely studied in the natural environment. In the present research, an electrical, fluid coupled‐field simulation was carried out on the insulator. The force characteristics and motion deviation features of water droplets at different positive DC electric field strengths were studied. On this basis, rime icing on the insulator energised with different positive DC voltages was investigated in the field. Results show that the charged droplet shifts along the electric field line under a positive DC voltage. The deviation degree of the droplet increases with the increment of the voltage and droplet size and decreases with an increase in wind speed. As the voltage rises, the surface roughness, icing amount and icing length of rime ice‐covered insulator increase. Consequently, compared with that without energisation, the local collision coefficient, icing amount and icing length increase by 17.6%, 46.4% and 63.9%, respectively, under a 40 kV DC voltage.
Template matching via bipartite graph and graph attention mechanism
Authors: Zhao Kai , He Binbing , Lei Wei , Zhu Yuan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMost existing template matching algorithms are global matching between the template target and the search region, which makes the matching process retain a lot of unfavourable background information and ignore the structure and local information of the template target. To address this problem, a template matching algorithm based on bipartite graph and graph attention mechanism is proposed in this paper. The algorithm models the similarity matching problem between template features and search region features as a complete bipartite graph, realises local‐to‐local information transfer between the two, and uses the graph attention mechanism to apply weights between local information to obtain a learnable embedding network module. In addition, in terms of feature representation, a multi‐level feature fusion module based on CNN is introduced, which improves the representation of a target by fusing features with different representational meanings of the target. Experimental results on several typical datasets show that the proposed algorithm achieves leading performance in terms of accuracy and efficiency compared to the two state‐of‐the‐art CNN‐based template matching algorithms, Deep‐DIM and QATM.
Comparison of Anterior Cervical Decompression and Fusion and Posterior Laminoplasty for Four-Segment Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy: Clinical and Radiographic Outcomes
Authors: Shi Liang , Ding Tao , Wang Fang , Wu Chengcong 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background Although anterior or posterior surgery for cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) has been extensively studied, the choice of anterior or posterior approach in four-segment CSM remains poorly studied and controversial. We compared the clinical and radiographic outcomes of four-segment CSM by posterior laminoplasty (LAMP) and anterior cervical decompression fusion (ACDF) to further explore the merits and demerits of ACDF and LAMP for four-segment CSM in this study.
Methods Patients with four-segment CSM who underwent ACDF or LAMP between January 2016 and June 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. We compared the preoperative and postoperative cervical Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) scores, neck disability index (NDI), neck pain visual analog scale (VAS) score, sagittal vertical axis, cervical lordosis (CL), and range of motion.
Results There were 47 and 79 patients in the ACDF and LAMP groups, respectively. Patients in the ACDF group had a significantly longer surgical time and lower estimated blood loss and length of stay than those in the LAMP group. There was no significant difference in the JOA, NDI, or neck pain VAS scores between the two groups preoperatively, but the NDI and neck pain VAS scores in the ACDF group were significantly lower than those in the LAMP group at the final follow-up. The preoperative C2–C7 Cobb angle of the ACDF group was significantly lower than that of the LAMP group but there was no significant difference between the two groups postoperatively. The improvement of C2–C7 Cobb angle (∆C2–C7 Cobb angle) in the ACDF group was significantly higher than that in the LAMP group. This indicated that ACDF can improve CL better than LAMP. The linear regression analysis revealed the ∆C2–C7 Cobb angle was negatively correlated with the final follow-up neck pain VAS scores and NDI. This indicated that patients with better improvement of CL may have a better prognosis.
Conclusions Although both ACDF and LAMP surgeries are effective for four-segment CSM, ACDF can better improve CL and neck pain. For patients with poor CL, we suggest ACDF when both approaches are feasible.
Endoscopic ultrasound in patients with resectable perihilar cholangiocarcinoma: impact on clinical decision-making
Authors: de Jong David M. , van de Vondervoort Sanne , Dwarkasing Roy S. , Doukas Michael , Voermans Rogier P. , Verdonk Robert C. , Polak Wojciech G. , de Jonge Jeroen , Koerkamp Bas Groot , Bruno Marco J. , van Driel Lydi M.J.W. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background and study aims Accurate assessment of the lymph node (LN) status is crucial in resectable perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (pCCA) to prevent major surgery in patients with extraregional metastatic LNs (MLNs). This study investigates the added value of preoperative endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) with or without tissue acquisition (TA) for the detection of MLNs in patients with resectable pCCA.
Patients and methods In this retrospective, multicenter cohort study, patients with potentially resectable pCCA who underwent EUS preoperatively between 2010–2020, were included. The clinical impact of EUS-TA was defined as the percentage of patients who did not undergo surgical resection due to MLNs found with EUS-TA. Findings of cross-sectional imaging were compared with EUS-TA findings and surgery.
Results EUS was performed on 141 patients, of whom 107 (76 %) had suspicious LNs on cross-sectional imaging. Surgical exploration was prevented in 20 patients (14 %) because EUS-TA detected MLNs, of which 17 (85 %) were extraregional. Finally, 74 patients (52 %) underwent surgical exploration followed by complete resection in 40 (28 %). MLNs were identified at definitive pathology in 24 (33 %) patients, of which 9 (38 %) were extraregional and 15 (63 %) regional.
Conclusions EUS-TA may be of value in patients with potentially resectable pCCA based on preoperative cross-sectional imaging, regardless of lymphadenopathy at cross-sectional imaging. A prospective study in which a comprehensive EUS investigation with LN assessment and EUS-TA of LNs is performed routinely should confirm this promise.
Rare Columnar Cell Variant Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma with Metastasis to Pancreas and Lungs at Initial Presentation: A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Gjeluci Albert , Clark Joseph , Jawahar Anugayathri 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPapillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is the most common endocrine malignancy, accounting for 85% of differentiated thyroid cancers. A small percentage of PTC variants are considered more aggressive, such as the tall cell variant associated with the V600E mutation in the BRAF gene and the rarer columnar variant, which is described in only 0.2% of cases and has a poor prognosis. Although locoregional metastases to neck lymph nodes are common, distant metastases of PTC are rare at presentation with only 5 to 7% reported in the literature. We present a very rare case of columnar cell variant PTC with synchronous metastasis to the lungs and indolent focus in the pancreas at initial diagnosis, which has never been reported in the literature. Our patient presented with non-radioactive iodine (RAI) responsive PTC with diffuse metastases to the lungs and one synchronous focal metastatic lesion in the pancreas. After multidisciplinary discussions, pancreatectomy/metastasectomy was deferred due to the disseminated PTC with multiple metastases to the lungs, lack of pancreas-related symptoms in the patient, and inherent complication risks. The patient was treated with systemic therapy using a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (lenvatinib), which is the standard of care for non-RAI responsive PTC and showed a complete radiologic resolution of the pancreatic lesion, however, with partial yet nonprogressive metastatic disease in the lungs.
M-Mode Ultrasound as a Portable Alternative to Fluoroscopy in Evaluation of Diaphragmatic Motion: Technical Note
Authors: Chandola Stuti , Jana Manisha , Naranje Priyanka , Bhalla Ashu Seith 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDiaphragmatic structure and function assessment can be performed using grayscale as well as M-mode ultrasound. This article discusses the application of M-mode ultrasound in the assessment of diaphragmatic dysfunction.