bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Microbial Inoculants on Crop Growth, Yield, Biochemical and Phyiological Parameters of Blackgram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper]
Authors: Lavanya G. , Vasundhara S. , Reddy B. Rupesh Kumar , Reddy M. Raveendra 
Published: September 2023

A field experiment was carried out in randomized block design with 10 treatments and 3 replications at the Department of Seed Science and Technology, S.V. Agricultural College, Tirupati during 2022. The blackgram variety TBG-104 differed for field, biochemical, and physiological parameters in response to different treatments of microbial inoculants. The influence of the treatments in the field was significant with respect to crop growth, phenological and yield parameters, seed quality attributes, biochemical and physiological parameters. In case of crop growth parameters which include field emergence (%), plant height (cm) highest performance was seen in T9(91.67%,27.47cm) over control and other treatments. While all the treatments recorded values that are at par with the highest performed treatment. In case of phenological parameters which include days to first flowering, 50% flowering and maturity, The treatment T9 and T8 were the best performed over the other treatments and control. Similar trend was observed with respect to yield and yield parameters where T9(929.63 kg/ha) treatment showed the highest performance. Our results revealed that that the co-inoculation of 4 or 5 microbial inoculants showed better results over individual treatments during the period of storage.
The Improvement of Back Pain and Radicular Pain Following Endoscopic Versus Microscopic Lumbar Discectomy: A Randomized Clinical Trial in an Egyptian Tertiary Care Center
Authors: Amer Abdurrahman Lotfi Mohammed Abuajwa , Mokbel Esam Abdel Hay , Eldeen Ali Ebrahim Seif , Bebars Mohamed Mohamed 
Published: September 2023

Aims: To compare the results obtained from a cohort of patients with posterolateral lumbar disc prolapse regarding the postoperative improvement of back pain and radicular pain, in patients operated for endoscopic lumbar discectomy, with a group of patients operated for microscopic lumbar discectomy, in the Neurosurgery Department, Tanta University Hospitals, from November 2021 till the end of October 2022.
Methodology: A prospective analysis was performed on 40 patients operated for minimally invasive lumbar discectomy, 20 patients underwent microscopic discectomy and 20 patients underwent endoscopic discectomy. This randomized clinical trial took place in the Neurosurgery department, Tanta University Hospitals in Egypt.
Results: 40 patients with posterolateral single level de novo lumbar disc herniations were included. 20 patients underwent microscopic discectomy, and 20 patients underwent endoscopic discectomy. Both groups exhibited significant improvements in radicular and back pain postoperatively (P < 0.001). Although there was no significant difference in radicular pain improvement between the groups, improvement in back pain was significantly higher in the endoscopic group than in the microscopy group (5.1 ± 1.5 vs. 2.7 ± 1.0, P < 0.001). The improvement in Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) postoperative was statistically significant in both groups (P<0.001). Although statistically insignificant (P=0.072), the improvement in ODI was higher in the endoscopic group than in the microscopic group.
Conclusion: This study revealed that endoscopic lumbar discectomy is superior to microdiscectomy in terms of improvement of postoperative back pain, reduced hospital stay and early return to daily activity, which can be justified by the maximal preservation of normal bony and myoligamentous anatomy. This allows for earlier recovery and avoid chronic back pain resulting from fibrosis in muscles, ligaments and also epidural fibrosis.
Amino acid and biochemical composition of Banded Carpet Shell (Polititapes rhomboides, Pennant, 1777), collected from the Çardak Lagoon, Turkey
Authors: Vural Pervin 
Published: September 2023

Between January and December 2019, banded carpet shell (Polititapes rhomboides, Pennant 1777) were gathered from Çardak Lagoon (Çanakkale Strait). The length value was found to range from 32.92 to 36.37 mm, weight between 7.90 and 11.75 g, condition index from 4.44 to 8.70, and meat yield was found to be ranging from 11.95% to 24.95%. Negative allometry was determined in the W/L relationship of P. rhomboides. The main meat component of P. rhomboides was moisture (54.70-65.57%) and protein (52.89-62.10%) with the other components being carbohydrate (10.95-21.30%), lipid (12.79-17.18%) and ash (7.69-19.93%). The correlation between moisture and carbohydrate was positive, whereas the correlation between moisture and protein was negative (p<0.05). The present study not only informs us on composition but also recommends consumption of the species since it is easier to market and consume. Arginine amino acid was found to be the highest in quantity, which was followed by glutamic acid, serine, methionine, alanine, and aspartic acid.
Keywords: Length-weight relationship, Meat yield, Protein, Lipid, Çanakkale Strait.
Phenological, morphological and genetic characterization of local grapevine (Vitis labrusca L.) genotypes grown in the Black Sea Region in Northern Turkey
Authors: Aydemir Birsen Çakır , Yazıcı Kezban , Göksu Burcu 
Published: September 2023

Vitis labrusca has become widely naturalized in the Black Sea region of Northern Turkey. The aim of this work was to evaluate the morphological, phenological, and genetic characteristics of V. labrusca accessions grown in the Black Sea region during the last three growing seasons. Local genotypes were described according to the Organisation Internationale de la Vigne et du Vin (OIV) ampelographic descriptor, including shoot length (cm), mature leaf size, bunch length and width, berry length and width, berry weight, number of berries, Total Soluble Solids (TTS) and titratable acidity. Additionally, phenological data, including bud burst, flowering, veraison and harvest date, were recorded. The accessions were characterized at the molecular level, and genetic relationships were assessed by means of Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) markers. Using 6 ISSR primers, seventy-seven bands were obtained, of which 69 were polymorphic with a mean polymorphic rate of 88.68%. These ISSR primers produced polymorphism information content (PIC) values ranging from 0.48 to 0.5. The genetic similarity ranged from 0.08 to 0.83 among the genotypes. According to the dendrogram based on the ISSR analysis, Accessions 8 and 5 were genetically related, with a coefficient of similarity of 0.83, while Accession 3 was the most distantly related genotype, with a coefficient of similarity of 0.08. These results demonstrated that ISSR markers can be used for genetic diversity analysis among V. labrusca genotypes. Our results also described characteristics of new V. labrusca genotypes that could be valuable for future Marker-Assisted Selection (MAS) and grapevine breeding.
Key words: Diversity, foxy species, Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat markers (ISSRs), Breeding, polymorphism
Home-Based Walking Exercise and Supervised Treadmill Exercise in Patients With Peripheral Artery Disease
Authors: Thangada Neela D. , Zhang Dongxue , Tian Lu , Zhao Lihui , Rejeski W. Jack , Ho Karen J. , Ferrucci Luigi , Spring Bonnie , Kibbe Melina R. , Polonsky Tamar S. , Criqui Michael H. , McDermott Mary M. 
Published: September 2023

ImportanceFew people with lower extremity peripheral artery disease (PAD) participate in supervised treadmill exercise covered by the Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services. In people with PAD, the benefits of home-based walking exercise, relative to supervised exercise, remain unclear.ObjectiveTo study whether home-based walking exercise improves 6-minute walk (6MW) more than supervised treadmill exercise in people with PAD (defined as Ankle Brachial Index ≤0.90).Data SourcesData were combined from 5 randomized clinical trials of exercise therapy for PAD using individual participant data meta-analyses, published from 2009 to 2022.Study SelectionOf the 5 clinical trials, 3 clinical trials compared supervised treadmill exercise to nonexercise control (N = 370) and 2 clinical trials compared an effective home-based walking exercise intervention to nonexercise control (N = 349).Data Extraction and SynthesisIndividual participant-level data from 5 randomized clinical trials led by 1 investigative team were combined. The 5 randomized clinical trials included 3 clinical trials of supervised treadmill exercise and 2 effective home-based walking exercise interventions.Main Outcomes and MeasuresChange in 6MW distance, maximum treadmill walking distance, and Walking Impairment Questionnaire at 6-month follow-up. The supervised treadmill exercise intervention consisted of treadmill exercise in the presence of an exercise physiologist, conducted 3 days weekly for up to 50 minutes per session. Home-based walking exercise consisted of a behavioral intervention in which a coach helped participants walk for exercise in or around home for up to 5 days per week for 50 minutes per session.ResultsA total of 719 participants with PAD (mean [SD] age, 68.8 [9.5] years; 46.5% female) were included (349 in a home-based exercise clinical trial and 370 in a supervised exercise trial). Compared with nonexercise control, supervised treadmill exercise was associated with significantly improved 6MW by 32.9 m (95% CI, 20.6-45.6; P &amp;lt; .001) and home-based walking exercise was associated with significantly improved 6MW by 50.7 m (95% CI, 34.8-66.7; P &amp;lt; .001). Compared with supervised treadmill exercise, home-based walking exercise was associated with significantly greater improvement in 6MW distance (between-group difference: 23.8 m [95% CI, 3.6, 44.0; P = .02]) but significantly less improvement in maximum treadmill walking distance (between-group difference:-132.5 m [95% CI, −192.9 to −72.1; P &amp;lt; .001]).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this individual participant data meta-analyses, compared with supervised exercise, home-based walking exercise was associated with greater improvement in 6MW in people with PAD. These findings support home-based walking exercise as a first-line therapy for walking limitations in PAD.
Effects of an Arctic under‐ice bloom on solar radiant heating of the water column
Authors: Taskjelle Torbjørn , Granskog Mats A. , Pavlov Alexey K. , Hudson Stephen R. , Hamre Børge 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe deposition of solar energy in the upper Arctic Ocean depends, among other things, on the composition of the water column. During the N‐ICE2015 expedition, a drift in the Arctic pack ice north of Svalbard, an under‐ice phytoplankton bloom was encountered in May 2015. This bloom led to significant changes in the inherent optical properties (IOPs) of the upper ocean. Mean values of total water absorption in the upper 20 m of the water column were up to 4 times higher during the bloom than prior to it. The total water attenuation coefficient increased by a factor of up to around 7. Radiative transfer modeling, with measured IOPs as input, has been performed with a coupled atmosphere‐ice‐ocean model. Simulations are used to investigate the change in depth‐dependent solar heating of the ocean after the onset of the bloom, for wavelengths in the region 350–700 nm. Effects of clouds, sea ice cover, solar zenith angle, as well as the average cosine for scattering of the ocean inclusions are evaluated. An increase in energy absorption in the upper 10 m of about 36% is found under 25 cm ice with 2 cm snow, for bloom conditions relative to prebloom conditions, which may have implications for ice melt and growth in spring. Thicker clouds and lower sun reduce the irradiance available, but lead to an increase in relative absorption.
Enhanced Performance and Stability of Q‐PHJ Devices through Strategic Placement of Dimerized Acceptors
Authors: Tan Pu , Chen Hui , Wang Hengtao , Lai Xue , Zhu Yulin , Shen Xiangyu , Pu Mingrui , Lai Hanjian , Zhang Sen , Ma Wei , He Feng 
Published: September 2023

AbstractOligomeric acceptors are an effective π‐conjugate extension for small molecules because they effectively combine the advantages of polymeric and small molecular acceptors. The choice of linker group and oligomer position is however crucial for the efficient expression of π‐expansion advantages. Here, vinylene is chosen as the linker group and three oligomeric acceptors are produced with different connecting positions or end‐groups. Under illumination, the dimer acceptor dBTIC‐γV‐BO achieves the best power conversion efficiencies of 17.14% and a T80 lifetime of 2150 h amongst quasi‐planar heterojunction devices, which are much higher and more stable than the directly connected dimers dBTICγ‐EH or dBTIC‐δV‐BO. These results indicate that the oligomerization of small molecules with an appropriate linker group in the γ‐position is an effective strategy with which to improve the photovoltaic performance and stability of organic solar cells, and significantly promote their commercialization.
Three‐Dimensional Printing of High‐Performance Moisture Power Generators
Authors: Huang Yaxin , Zhou Ke , Cheng Huhu , He Tiancheng , Wang Haiyan , Bai Jiaxin , Yang Ce , Guang Tianlei , Yao Houze , Li Fan , Hou Guangjin , Xu Zhiping , Qu Liangti 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWater‐enabled electricity generation technologies that are highly accessible and fundamentally clean are promising for next‐generation green energy. However, the challenge of scalability in both material processing and device fabrication greatly limits their practical applications. A high‐performance polyelectrolyte moist‐electric generator (MEG), which can be directly 3D printed for massive production and efficient integration, is reported. The printed MEG (p‐MEG) generates a high open‐circuit voltage of 0.8 V and a short‐circuit‐current density of 0.12 mA cm−2 by actively harvesting moisture from humid conditions. The synergistic effects of moisture gradient, ionic concentration gradient, and ion diffusion gradient, which remarkably enhance the driving force to separate ion pairs and notably facilitate the directional ion transport, are responsible for the high power generation performance of p‐MEG, as further backed up by in situ ion dynamics investigations and molecular simulations. When connected in serial and parallel, hundreds of p‐MEGs can deliver a high voltage of more than 180 V and a current of more than 1 mA. A constructed “moisture‐powered cup lamp” that lights up for hours further demonstrates the practicability of p‐MEG. This work provides a feasible and scalable 3D printing approach for the next‐generation environment‐adaptive self‐powered system.
A Low‐Voltage, High‐Force Capacity Electroadhesive Clutch Based on Ionoelastomer Heterojunctions
Authors: Levine D. J. , Lee O. A. , Campbell G. M. , McBride M. K. , Kim H. J. , Turner K. T. , Hayward R. C. , Pikul J. H. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractElectroadhesive devices with dielectric films can electrically program changes in stiffness and adhesion, but require hundreds of volts and are subject to failure by dielectric breakdown. Recent work on ionoelastomer heterojunctions has enabled reversible electroadhesion with low voltages, but these materials exhibit limited force capacities and high detachment forces. It is a grand challenge to engineer electroadhesives with large force capacities and programmable detachment at low voltages (<10 V). In this work, tough ionoelastomer/metal mesh composites with low surface energies are synthesized and surface roughness is controlled to realize sub‐ten‐volt clutches that are small, strong, and easily detachable. Models based on fracture and contact mechanics explain how clutch compliance and surface texture affect force capacity and contact area, which is validated over different geometries and voltages. These ionoelastomer clutches outperform the best existing electroadhesive clutches by fivefold in force capacity per unit area (102 N cm−2), with a 40‐fold reduction in operating voltage (± 7.5 V). Finally, the ability of the ionoelastomer clutches to resist bending moments in a finger wearable and as a reversible adhesive in an adjustable phone mount is demonstrated.
Defect‐Promoted Ni‐Based Layer Double Hydroxides with Enhanced Deprotonation Capability for Efficient Biomass Electrooxidation
Authors: Yang Yuwei , Lie William Hadinata , Unocic Raymond R , Yuwono Jodie A , Klingenhof Malte , Merzdorf Thomas , Buchheister Paul Wolfgang , Kroschel Matthias , Walker Anne , Gallington Leighanne C. , Thomsen Lars , Kumar Priyank V , Strasser Peter , Scott Jason A , Bedford Nicholas M 
Published: September 2023

AbstractNi‐based hydroxides are promising electrocatalysts for biomass oxidation reactions, supplanting the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) due to lower overpotentials while producing value‐added chemicals. The identification and subsequent engineering of their catalytically active sites are essential to facilitate these anodic reactions. Herein, the proportional relationship between catalysts’ deprotonation propensity and Faradic efficiency of 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (5‐HMF)‐to‐2,5 furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA, FEFDCA) is revealed by thorough density functional theory (DFT) simulations and atomic‐scale characterizations, including in situ synchrotron diffraction and spectroscopy methods. The deprotonation capability of ultrathin layer‐double hydroxides (UT‐LDHs) is regulated by tuning the covalency of metal (M)‐oxygen (O) motifs through defect site engineering and selection of M3+ co‐chemistry. NiMn UT‐LDHs show an ultrahigh FEFDCA of 99% at 1.37 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) and retain a high FEFDCA of 92.7% in the OER‐operating window at 1.52 V, about 2× that of NiFe UT‐LDHs (49.5%) at 1.52 V. Ni–O and Mn–O motifs function as dual active sites for HMF electrooxidation, where the continuous deprotonation of Mn–OH sites plays a dominant role in achieving high selectivity while suppressing OER at high potentials. The results showcase a universal concept of modulating competing anodic reactions in aqueous biomass electrolysis by electronically engineering the deprotonation behavior of metal hydroxides, anticipated to be translatable across various biomass substrates.
Multi‐Enzyme Co‐Expressed Nanomedicine for Anti‐Metastasis Tumor Therapy by Up‐Regulating Cellular Oxidative Stress and Depleting Cholesterol
Authors: Liu Yang , Niu Rui , Deng Ruiping , Wang Yinghui , Song Shuyan , Zhang Hongjie 
Published: September 2023

AbstractTumor cells movement and migration are inseparable from the integrity of lipid rafts and the formation of lamellipodia, and lipid rafts are also a prerequisite for the formation of lamellipodia. Therefore, destroying the lipid rafts is an effective strategy to inhibit tumor metastasis. Herein, a multi‐enzyme co‐expressed nanomedicine: cholesterol oxidase (CHO) loaded Co─PN3 single‐atom nanozyme (Co─PN3 SA/CHO) that can up‐regulate cellular oxidative stress, disrupt the integrity of lipid rafts, and inhibit lamellipodia formation to induce anti‐metastasis tumor therapy, is developed. In this process, Co─PN3 SA can catalyze oxygen (O2) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) via oxidase‐like and Fenton‐like properties. The doping of P atoms optimizes the adsorption process of the intermediate at the active site and enhances the ROS generation properties of nanomedicine. Meantime, O2 produced by catalase‐like catalysis can combine with excess cholesterol to generate more H2O2 under CHO catalysis, achieving enhanced oxidative damage to tumor cells. Most importantly, cholesterol depletion in tumor cells also disrupts the integrity of lipid rafts and inhibits the formation of lamellipodia, greatly inhibiting the proliferation and metastasis of tumor cells. This strategy by up‐regulating cellular oxidative stress and depleting cellular cholesterol constructs a new idea for anti‐metastasis–oriented cancer therapy strategies.
Enhancing the Photocatalytic Activity by Tailoring an Anodic Aluminum Oxide Photonic Crystal to the Semiconductor Catalyst: At the Example of Iron Oxide
Authors: Hedrich Carina , Burson Anna R. , González‐García Silvia , Vega Víctor , Prida Victor M. , Santos Abel , Blick Robert H. , Zierold Robert 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPhotonic crystals (PhCs) are interesting structures for photocatalytic applications because of their capability of harnessing distinct forms of light–matter interactions within the PhCs. Of all these, overlapping one of the photonic stopband's (PSB) edge with the absorption of the PhC material or adsorbed molecules improves their excitation and generated charge carriers can subsequently induce photocatalytic reactions. The PSB position of anodic aluminum oxide PhCs (AAO‐PhCs) can be easily adjusted by modifying the anodization profile. Herein, AAO‐PhCs are designed to match the band gap of a model semiconductor enabling a general photocatalytic activity enhancement independent of the chemical to be decomposed. Fe2O3, as an example photocatalyst, is coated onto AAO‐PhCs to demonstrate efficient photocatalytic systems by utilizing the slow photon effect. Tailored Fe2O3‐AAO‐PhCs with their PSB edge at 564 nm matching the Fe2O3 band gap exhibit generally enhanced degradation of three different organic dyes while a significant activity decrease is observed when the PSB edge does not overlap with the Fe2O3 absorption. Furthermore, photocatalyst degradation can be reduced down to only 4% activity loss over six consecutive measurements by an ultra‐thin alumina coating.
Nanoscale Oxygenous Heterogeneity in FePC Glass for Highly Efficient and Reusable Catalytic Performance
Authors: Chen Qi , Guo Lingyu , Di Haoxiang , Qi Zhigang , Wang Zhaoxuan , Song Ziqi , Zhang Laichang , Hu Lina , Wang Weimin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMetallic glass, with its unique disordered atomic structure and high density of low‐coordination sites, is regarded as the most competitive new catalyst for environmental catalysis. However, the efficiency and stability of metallic glass catalysts are often affected by their atomic configuration. Thus, the design and regulation of the nanoscale structure of metallic glasses to improve their catalytic efficiency and stability remains a challenge. Herein, a non‐noble component, Fe75P15C10 amorphous ribbon, is used as a precursor to fabricate a hierarchical gradient catalyst with nanoscale heterogeneous and oxygenous amorphous structure by simple annealing and acid‐immersing. The resulting catalyst offers an ultrahigh catalytic ability of kSA•C0 = 3101 mg m−2 min−1 and excellent reusability of 39 times without efficiency decay in dye wastewater degradation. Theoretical calculations indicate that the excellent catalytic performance of the catalyst can be attributed to its unique heterogeneous nanoglass structure, which induces oxygen atoms. Compared to the FePC structure, the FeP/FePCO structure exhibits strong charge transferability, and the energy barrier of the rate‐determining steps of the conversion of S2O82− to SO4−• is reduced from 2.52 to 0.97 eV. This study reveals that a heterogeneous nanoglass structure is a new strategy for obtaining high catalytic performance.