bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of endoprosthesis type on inflammatory response in patients undergoing endoscopic drainage of pancreatic fluid collections
Authors: Bang Ji Young , Wilcox Charles Mel , Navaneethan Udayakumar , Hawes Robert , Varadarajulu Shyam 
Published: April 2023

ObjectiveTo study the impact of endoprosthesis type on inflammatory response in patients undergoing endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)‐guided drainage of pancreatic fluid collections (PFC).MethodsPatients undergoing EUS‐guided PFC drainage and treated using lumen‐apposing metal stents (LAMS) or plastic endoprostheses constituted the study cohort. The primary outcome was the presence of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) after index intervention. Secondary outcomes were persistent organ failure, new onset organ failure, duration of hospitalization, and treatment success.ResultsIn all, 303 patients were treated using LAMS (n = 247) or plastic stents (n = 56). At 48 h postintervention, the presence of SIRS (25.0 vs. 14.2%, P = 0.047), new onset SIRS (10.0 vs. 1.8%, P = 0.017), and new organ failure (5.4 vs. 0.4%, P = 0.003) were significantly higher in the plastic stent cohort compared to LAMS. On multivariable logistic regression analysis, the use of plastic stents (odds ratio [OR] 2.7, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.2–6.0, P = 0.014), patients receiving high‐acuity care (OR 5.1, 95% CI 2.5–10.4, P < 0.001) and the presence of ≥33% of necrosis (OR 4.5, 95% CI 2.0–10.0, P < 0.001) were significantly associated with the presence of SIRS or new organ failure. While there was no significant difference in treatment success (96.4 vs. 95.5%, P = 0.77), duration of hospitalization was significantly longer for the plastic stent cohort (mean [standard deviation] 12.5 [17.8] vs. 7.9 [10.1] days, P = 0.009).ConclusionsUse of plastic stents as compared to LAMS was associated with a higher proportion of SIRS and new organ failure that prolonged hospital stay. Therefore, placement of LAMS is recommended in sick patients and those with ≥33% necrosis to minimize inflammatory response.
Control of human pancreatic beta cell kinome by glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor biased agonism
Authors: Xiao Jiannan , El Eid Liliane , Buenaventura Teresa , Boutry Raphaël , Bonnefond Amélie , Jones Ben , Rutter Guy A. , Froguel Philippe , Tomas Alejandra 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAimTo determine the kinase activity profiles of human pancreatic beta cells downstream of glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor (GLP‐1R) balanced versus biased agonist stimulations.Materials and MethodsThis study analysed the kinomic profiles of human EndoC‐βh1 cells following vehicle and GLP‐1R stimulation with the pharmacological agonist exendin‐4, as well as exendin‐4–based biased derivatives exendin‐phe1 and exendin‐asp3 for acute (10‐minute) versus sustained (120‐minute) responses, using PamChip protein tyrosine kinase and serine/threonine kinase assays. The raw data were filtered and normalized using BioNavigator. The kinase analyses were conducted with R, mainly including kinase‐substrate mapping and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis.ResultsThe present analysis reveals that kinomic responses are distinct for acute versus sustained GLP‐1R agonist exposure, with individual responses associated with agonists presenting specific bias profiles. According to pathway analysis, several kinases, including JNKs, PKCs, INSR and LKB1, are important GLP‐1R signalling mediators, constituting potential targets for further research on biased GLP‐1R downstream signalling.ConclusionThe results from this study suggest that differentially biased exendin‐phe1 and exendin‐asp3 can modulate distinct kinase interaction networks. Further understanding of these mechanisms will have important implications for the selection of appropriate anti‐type 2 diabetes therapies with optimized downstream kinomic profiles.
Perspectives toward cannabidiol (CBD) among youth in Early Psychosis Intervention programs: A qualitative study
Authors: Ghelani Amar 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAimCannabis is used by one third of youth in Early Psychosis Intervention (EPI) programs and high dose consumption of the primary constituent Δ‐9 tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is associated with higher risk for relapse in this group. Cannabidiol (CBD) is a secondary cannabis constituent that may have antipsychotic properties, though its health risks are only beginning to be understood. Little is known about the views of youth in EPI programs toward CBD, including their reasons for use and perceptions of risk.MethodsThis qualitative study used Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis to investigate the perspectives of a sample (n = 15) of cannabis‐consuming youth in EPI programs toward CBD.ResultsThose who used CBD (n = 13) did so for pain relief, THC substitution, relaxation, social reasons, and sleep enhancement. CBD was perceived to be beneficial for health and wellness, though many consumers were disappointed with its effects. Most believed there were no risks associated with its use or were unaware of any risks, and all believed CBD could be used safely.ConclusionClinicians should assess THC and CBD consumption patterns, motives for use, and perceptions of risk separately to tailor interventions accordingly. Youth in EPI programs would benefit from education related to the known health risks and benefits associated with this drug. Clinicians in regions where cannabis is regulated should be open to discussing CBD as a safer substitute for THC. The potential for CBD to serve as viable treatment for psychosis requires further study.
Decision‐making under uncertainty for species introductions into ecological networks
Authors: Van Kleunen Lucy B. , Peterson Katie A. , Hayden Meghan T. , Keyes Aislyn , Schwartz Aaron J. , Li Henry , Dee Laura E. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractEcological communities are increasingly subject to natural and human‐induced additions of species, as species shift their ranges under climate change, are introduced for conservation and are unintentionally moved by humans. As such, decisions about how to manage ecosystems subject to species introductions and considering multiple management objectives need to be made. However, the impacts of gaining new species on ecological communities are difficult to predict due to uncertainty in introduced species characteristics, the novel interactions that will be produced by that species, and the recipient ecosystem structure. Drawing on ecological and conservation decision theory, we synthesise literature into a conceptual framework for species introduction decision‐making based on ecological networks in high‐uncertainty contexts. We demonstrate the application of this framework to a theoretical decision surrounding assisted migration considering both biodiversity and ecosystem service objectives. We show that this framework can be used to evaluate trade‐offs between outcomes, predict worst‐case scenarios, suggest when one should collect additional data, and allow for improving knowledge of the system over time.
Phenotyping mitochondrial DNA‐related diseases in childhood: A cohort study of 150 patients
Authors: Ardissone Anna , Ferrera Giulia , Lamperti Costanza , Tiranti Valeria , Ghezzi Daniele , Moroni Isabella , Lamantea Eleonora 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackground and purposeMitochondrial diseases (MDs) are heterogeneous disorders caused by mutations in nuclear DNA (nDNA) or mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) associated with specific syndromes. However, especially in childhood, patients often display heterogeneity. Several reports on the biochemical and molecular profiles in children have been published, but studies tend not to differentiate between mtDNA‐ and nDNA‐associated diseases, and focus is often on a specific phenotype. Thus, large cohort studies specifically focusing on mtDNA defects in the pediatric population are lacking.MethodsWe reviewed the clinical, metabolic, biochemical, and neuroimaging data of 150 patients with MDs due to mtDNA alterations collected at our neurological institute over the past 20 years.ResultsmtDNA impairment is less frequent than nDNA impairment in pediatric MDs. Ocular involvement is extremely frequent in our cohort, as is classical Leber hereditary optic neuropathy, especially with onset before 12 years of age. Extraneurological manifestations and isolated myopathy appear to be rare, unlike adult phenotypes. Deep gray matter involvement, early disease onset, and specific phenotypes, such as Pearson syndrome and Leigh syndrome, represent unfavorable prognostic factors. Phenotypes related to single large scale mtDNA deletions appear to be very frequent in the pediatric population. Furthermore, we report for the first time an mtDNA pathogenic variant associated with cavitating leukodystrophy.ConclusionsWe report on a large cohort of pediatric patients with mtDNA defects, adding new data on the phenotypical characterization of mtDNA defects and suggestions for diagnostic workup and therapeutic approach.
SUDEP counseling: Where do we stand?
Authors: Whitney Robyn , Jones Kevin C. , Sharma Suvasini , RamachandranNair Rajesh 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) is the leading cause of epilepsy‐related death in children and adults living with epilepsy. Several recent clinical practice guidelines have recommended that all individuals living with epilepsy and their caregivers be informed about SUDEP as a part of routine epilepsy counseling. Furthermore, several studies over the last two decades have explored the state of SUDEP counseling. Patients with epilepsy and their families want to be informed about the risk of SUDEP at or near the time of diagnosis, and preferably in person. Despite guideline recommendations, many pediatric and adult neurologists do not routinely inform individuals with epilepsy and their families about SUDEP. Some neurologists discuss SUDEP with only a subset of patients with epilepsy, such as those with risk factors like frequent generalized or focal to bilateral tonic–clonic seizures, nocturnal seizures, noncompliance, or medically refractory epilepsy. Proponents of routine SUDEP counseling argue that patients with epilepsy and their families have a “right to know” and that counseling may positively impact epilepsy self‐management (i.e., behavioral modification and risk reduction). Some neurologists still believe that SUDEP counseling may cause unnecessary stress and anxiety for patients and their families (although this is erroneous) and that they also have a “right not to know.” This narrative review explores the current gaps in SUDEP counseling, patients' and caregivers' perspectives of SUDEP counseling, and SUDEP prevention.
Leg skeletal muscle mass asymmetry is independently associated with gait speed in older adults requiring long‐term care
Authors: Sato Ryo , Sawaya Yohei , Ishizaka Masahiro , Shiba Takahiro , Hirose Tamaki , Urano Tomohiko 
Published: April 2023

AimDecreased gait speed in older adults has been associated with incident disability, cognitive impairment, institutionalization, falls, deterioration in level of care, and mortality. Gait speed has been reported to be related to leg asymmetry. However, the relationship between gait speed and leg skeletal muscle mass asymmetry in older adults requiring long‐term care has not been clarified. In this study, we examined the association between gait speed and leg skeletal muscle mass asymmetry and the cutoff values of leg skeletal muscle mass asymmetry that may affect gait speed.MethodsThe asymmetry index of leg skeletal muscle mass was measured in 230 older adults under the Japanese long‐term care insurance system using bioelectrical impedance analysis. This cross‐sectional study used multiple regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis to determine the relationship between gait speed and the asymmetry index of leg skeletal muscle mass.ResultsMultiple regression analysis revealed that the asymmetry index of leg skeletal muscle mass (β = −0.19, P = 0.002, R2 = 0.261) was independently and significantly associated with gait speed. Furthermore, ROC analysis showed that the cutoff value of the asymmetry index of leg skeletal muscle mass that identified reduced gait speed (<1.0 m/s) was 3.02% (Area under the curve = 0.62, sensitivity 47.3%, specificity 81.0%, P = 0.014).ConclusionsThe asymmetry index of leg skeletal muscle mass was associated with gait speed in older adults requiring long‐term care. Future assessment and interventions directed towards symmetry of leg skeletal muscle mass may help to improve gait speed in older adults. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2023; 23: 371–375.
Rethinking public funding of parties and corruption: Confronting theoretical complexity and challenging measurement
Authors: Lipcean Sergiu , McMenamin Iain 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDoes the provision of state subsidies to political parties reduce their involvement in corruption? Existing research provides inconclusive evidence on this relationship, perhaps because cross‐national studies on public funding and corruption are often limited by regulation‐based indexes of political financing and by very general corruption measures. In this study, we use focused measures for both phenomena to investigate whether more generous public funding reduces party corruption. Our independent variable reflects the actual cash amount of budgetary subventions provided to parties in twenty‐seven post‐communist countries. Our dependent variable of party‐centered corruption represents the share of firms considerably affected by the informal payments made by businesses to political parties and parliamentarians to influence their decisions. We find that a higher level of state subsidies is associated with a reduction in corruption; its effect diminishes as funding increases, and its impact on corruption is lagged. However, there is a wide interval of uncertainty around these results. In the context of the existing literature, our contribution reduces the estimate of the size of a public funding effect and increases the level of uncertainty.
A simple and reliable isocratic high‐performance chromatographic assay for the simultaneous determination of hydrophilic benzophenone‐4 and lipophilic octocrylene in sunscreens
Authors: Pan Patrick , Svirskis Darren , Waterhouse Geoffrey I. N. , Wu Zimei 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis work aimed to develop a simple HPLC method for the simultaneous quantitative determination of the ultraviolet (UV) filters, hydrophilic benzophenone‐4 and lipophilic octocrylene, in the presence of three other commonly used UV filters, avobenzone, octisalate and homosalate.MethodsReverse‐phased HPLC was performed on a C18 column. A scouting gradient was initially used to determine the approximate mobile phase composition required for efficient analyte elution and separation before further optimization. The assay was validated with regard to specificity, linearity, intra‐ and inter‐day accuracy and precision, limits of detection and limits of quantification. An ultrasound dispersion extraction method for the UV filters from a commercial sunscreen was developed, and the extraction efficiencies from spiked samples were calculated.ResultsAn acetonitrile‐methanol‐water mixture (20:67:13, v/v/v), where the water component contained 0.2% trifluoroacetic acid (v/v), was found to be the optimal mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The assay was linear between 1.0–100 μg/mL for both benzophenone‐4 and octocrylene (both correlation coefficients were above 0.999). There was no interference from the excipients of the sunscreen nor from the three other UV filters. The intra‐ and inter‐day accuracy was between 90.0–104.6% for both analytes. Extraction recoveries from a spiked commercial sunscreen were between 95.4 ± 2.1% to 98.5 ± 2.1% for benzophenone‐4, and between 87.3 ± 2.3% and 98.9 ± 3.1% for octocrylene. All validation parameters were within the acceptance criteria set out in the International Council for Harmonization (ICH) guidelines. The HPLC assay showed the extracted quantities of benzophenone‐4 and octocrylene from the commercial sunscreen closely matched claimed quantities.ConclusionThe developed isocratic HPLC method was suitable for simultaneously determining the hydrophilic benzophenone‐4 and lipophilic octocrylene in the presence of other commonly used UV filters. Additionally, the extraction method was simple and effective for accurately quantifying the UV filters in a commercial sunscreen.
Clinical atrophy patterns of filiform papillae of the tongue and their relationship with the serum levels of iron, vitamin B12 and folic acid in patients with systemic diseases
Authors: Esquivel‐Pedraza Lilly , Cicero‐Casarrubias Alba , Fernández‐Cuevas Laura , Chávez‐Ramírez Margarita , Milke‐García María P. , Domínguez‐Cherit Judith , Méndez‐Flores Silvia , Guerrero‐Manzo Víctor L. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of the study was to evaluate the clinical patterns of atrophy of the filiform papillae (FP) of the tongue and their relationship with the serum levels of iron and vitamin B12 among patients with systemic diseases, in a tertiary care center.MethodsA cross‐sectional, analytical, research study was designed. A systematic tongue examination was performed to evaluate the presence and clinical patterns of FP atrophy. We collected epidemiologic, clinical, and laboratory data. Statistical analysis included χ2 test, Fisher's exact test, Kruskal–Wallis test, and a logistic regression analysis.ResultsA total of 87 patients (83.9% females) were included [median age = 55 (range 20–89) years]. Endocrinopathy (60.9%) was the most frequent comorbidity. We found atrophy of the FP in 90.8% of the patients; the atrophy was mild in 83.5% of the cases, and severe in 16.5%. The most common atrophic patterns were as follows: focalized in 64 (73.6%) cases, “U”‐shaped pattern in 60 (69%), and generalized in 30 (34.5%). Geographic tongue and median rhomboid glossitis were observed in 12 (13.8%) and 11 (12.6%) subjects, respectively. Lower titers of serum iron were detected in cases with focal (median = 71 vs. 110 mcg/dl) and generalized (median = 55 vs. 78 mcg/dl) FP atrophy (P = 0.03 and P = 0.009, respectively), than their counterparts. The presence of symptomatology was related to the focal pattern of atrophy (P = 0.038).ConclusionsA high frequency of filiform papillary atrophy of the tongue was observed in patients with comorbidities. Some atrophic patterns of the tongue were significantly associated with certain medical conditions.
T‐cell heterogeneity, progenitor–progeny relationships, and function during latent and chronic viral infections
Authors: Sandu Ioana , Oxenius Annette 
Published: April 2023

SummaryUpon resolution of an acute viral infection, during latent‐reactivating infection and during chronic active infections virus‐specific T‐cells differentiate into distinct subsets that differ in phenotype, longevity, transcriptional, metabolic, and epigenetic profiles, and effector functions. With recent advances in single‐cell profiling, this substantial heterogeneity has become apparent and new subsets of virus‐specific T cells, either of stable or transitory nature, are being identified. A unifying principle of T cells emerging in these different conditions is their precursor–progeny relationship. For acute and resolved viral infections, this relationship becomes apparent during re‐challenge, whereas a constant differentiation of progenitor T cells into more differentiated cells occurs during latent‐reactivating and active chronic viral infections. In this review, we summarize and discuss current knowledge about T‐cell heterogeneity and progenitor–progeny relationships in the setting of persistent viral infections.
Effect of radiation therapy on fracture resistance of simulated immature teeth submitted to root reinforcement
Authors: Coelho Sérgio Murilo , Pandolfo Mariana Travi , Bortoluzzi Eduardo Antunes , Rossetto Hebert Luís , Pereira Roberta Pinto , Minamisako Mariana Comparotto , Rodrigues Paulo Marcelo , Netto Vicente Ribeiro , Ramos Tatiana da Silva , Teixeira Cleonice da Silveira , Garcia Lucas da Fonseca Roberti 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe literature is scanty regarding the effect of radiation therapy (RT) on the mechanical properties of immature permanent teeth.AimTo evaluate the effect of RT on the fracture resistance of simulated immature teeth submitted to different types of root reinforcement.DesignSixty‐four human teeth simulating the Cvek stage 3 of root development were distributed into eight groups (n = 8), according to exposure or not to RT (70 Gy) and the root reinforcement method: Group NR (control)—no reinforcement/no RT; Group NR + RT (control)—no reinforcement/RT; Group PO—tricalcium silicate‐based cement (TS) apical plug/canal obturation/no RT; Group PO + RT—TS apical plug/canal obturation/RT; Group TS—canal filling with TS/no RT; Group TS + RT—canal filling with TS/RT; Group FP—TS apical plug/fibreglass post/no RT; and Group FP + RT—TS apical plug/fibreglass post/RT. Fracture resistance was determined using a universal testing machine (0.5 mm/min).ResultsIn the intergroup comparison, nonirradiated teeth had higher fracture resistance (p < .05). Groups FP and FP + RT had higher fracture resistance (p < .001).ConclusionRadiotherapy affected the fracture resistance of simulated immature teeth. Reinforcement with fibreglass posts increased the fracture resistance, regardless of the radiation.
DEA, balanced scorecard and intellectual capital including the gender dimension: A comprehensive list of indicators
Authors: Daraio Cinzia , Di Leo Simone , Iazzolino Gianpaolo , Laise Domenico 
Published: April 2023

AbstractOne of the most significant problems in the development of quantitative models to assess the performance of decision‐making units (DMUs) is the availability of information coded into variables and indicators that are proxies for the relevant dimensions of the models: resources or inputs, products or services or outputs, and heterogeneous contextual factors including environmental factors. Data envelopment analysis (DEA) and balanced scorecard (BSC) are two of the best‐known and applied tools to model and measure the performance of DMUs. Within the information set requested to model the performance, the most critical and sensitive variables and indicators related to the intangible capital of organizations, which includes with a primary role the intellectual capital (IC). Although they are very different, DEA (based on linear programming) and BSC (including a set of indicators along four dimensions) have recently been combined to try to address the problem indicated earlier, namely, having a set of variables and indicators available to better measure the performance of DMUs. We apply a three‐level methodology combining (i) a series of systematic reviews, (ii) a bibliometric analysis of all the published works found, and (iii) an analysis of the so‐called grey literature contained in the reports of knowledge‐based organizations. The main results obtained are (1) a comprehensive survey and mapping of all scientific works combining DEA, BSC, and IC including the gender dimension; (2) an integral and inclusive list integrating all indicators found in both published works and reports, reclassified according to the main dimensions of the IC.