bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dietary effects of microplastics on the physiological and biochemical profiles of keystone secondary producers Oithona dissimilis (Lindberg,1941)
Authors: Piliyan Raju , Meril Divya , Karuppaiyaa Nanthini Devi , santhanam Perumal , Selvaraju Ananth , Ayyasamy Gowthami , Gunaseelan Roseline Jebapriya , Mathiazhagan Saranya , Manickam Manicakam , John Roopavathi , Pachiyappan Perumal 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The present study was carried out on the impacts about microplastic ingestion on the physiological responses and nutritional profiles of marine copepod Oithona dissimilis. The survival rate (93.33%) was higher on the 15th day in control. The highest nauplii production achieved in control O. dissimilis (21.89 ±0.89 nauplii/female), whereas the production of nauplii was found lowest in treatment groups (12.56±0.89 nauplii/female). The nauplius development (N1-N6) duration was less (4.3 days) in control, while longest duration depicts the MPs exposed copepods ranges were 5.2 days in 0.1 μm; 5.9 days in 0.5 μm and 6.6 days in 2.0 μm respectively. The protein content was high (63.07%) in control copepods, whereas in MPs exposed copepods ranges varied between 43.20%, 46.5% and 51.50%. The carbohydrate content in MPs ingested copepods varied between 10.33%, 8.93%, and 9.57%. The maximum lipid content was achieved in control (13.33%) when compared to MPs exposed copepods illustrates the minimum lipid content varied between 8.97% (0.1μm size) followed by 10.7% (0.5μm size) and 11.21% (2.0 μm size). The statistical results that depict the amino acids and fatty acids contents of control (microalgae fed copepods) have found the maximum positive significance (p<0.05) with different sizes (0.1µm, 0.5µm & 2µm) of microplastics exposed copepods.
HMGB1 Neuroimmune Signaling and REST-G9a Gene Repression Contribute to Ethanol-induced Reversible Suppression of the Cholinergic Neuron Phenotype
Authors: Vetreno Ryan , Fisher Rachael , Qin Liya , Crews Fulton 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Adolescent binge drinking increases Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), the endogenous TLR4/RAGE agonist high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), and proinflammatory neuroimmune signaling in the adult basal forebrain in association with persistent reductions of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons (BFCNs). In vivo preclinical adolescent intermittent ethanol (AIE) studies find anti-inflammatory interventions post-AIE reverse the HMGB1-TLR4/RAGE neuroimmune signaling and loss of BFCNs in adulthood, suggesting proinflammatory signaling causes epigenetic repression of the cholinergic phenotype. Reversible loss of BFCN phenotype in vivo is linked to increased repressive histone 3 lysine 9 dimethylation (H3K9me2) occupancy at cholinergic gene promoters, and HMGB1-TLR4/RAGE proinflammatory signaling is linked to epigenetic repression of the cholinergic phenotype. Using an ex vivo basal forebrain slice culture (FSC) model, we report EtOH recapitulates the in vivo AIE-induced loss of ChAT + IR BFCNs, somal shrinkage of the remaining ChAT + neurons, and reduction of BFCN phenotype genes. Ex vivo targeted inhibition of EtOH-induced proinflammatory HMGB1 blocked ChAT + IR loss while disulfide HMBG1-TLR4 and fully reduced HMGB1-RAGE signaling decreased ChAT + IR BFCNs. EtOH increased expression of the transcriptional repressor RE1-silencing transcription factor (REST) and the H3K9 methyltransferase G9a that was accompanied by increased repressive H3K9me2 and REST occupancy at promoter regions of the BFCN phenotype genes Chat and Trka as well as the lineage transcription factor Lhx8. REST expression is similarly increased in the post-mortem human basal forebrain of individuals with alcohol use disorder, which is negatively correlated with ChAT expression. Administration of REST siRNA and the G9a inhibitor UNC0642 blocked and reversed the EtOH-induced loss of ChAT + IR BFCNs, directly linking REST-G9a transcriptional repression to suppression of the cholinergic neuron phenotype. These data suggest that EtOH induces a novel neuroplastic process involving neuroimmune signaling and transcriptional epigenetic gene repression resulting in the reversible suppression of the cholinergic neuron phenotype.
The Conditionality of Wetland Ecological Compensation: Supervision Analysis Based on the Game Theory
Authors: Pang Jie , Chu Zongling , Xu Ke , Luan Jian , Hu Yu 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The supervision of wetland ecological compensation (WEC) is critical for the conditionality and effects of WEC policy implementation. Based on the field research in the Poyang Lake, the paper uses the game theory to systematically analyze the supervision issue in WEC, and analyzes the impact of weak supervision on farmers' future behavior choices after the implementation of wetland ecological compensation policy by using incomplete information dynamic game model. The paper concludes that (1) WEC has weak supervision, which greatly dampens compensation effects. (2) The key underlying causes of weak supervision include low compensation rates, low default costs and the low probability of actual supervision. The impacts of the three causes are not the same but decreasing. (3) Further analysis based on the dynamic game model with incomplete information discovers that weak supervision affects rural households’ current and future behavioral choices. Therefore, in order to address the roots of weak WEC supervision, scientific and reasonable compensation rates should be developed; default costs should be increased; and the actual supervision probability of supervisory authorities should be continuously raised.
Intermittent fasting modulates the intestinal microbiota and improves obesity and host energy metabolism
Authors: Han Mo , Hu Xiangwei , Xia Kai , Dai Minhui , Han Xiaofeng , Yuan Peng , Liu Jia , Liu Shiwei , Jia Fuhuai , Chen Jiayu , Jiang Fangfang , Yu Jieyao , Yang Huanming , Wang Jian , Xu Xun , Jin Xin , Kristiansen Karsten , Xiao Liang , Chen Wei , Duan Shenglin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Intermittent fasting is a promising paradigm for weight loss which has been shown to modulate the gut microbiota in a couple of populations, yet limited information at the species level is available. Here, 72 Chinese volunteers with a wide range of BMIs participated in a three-week IF program during which an average loss of 3.67 kg body weight accompanied with improved clinical parameters was observed irrespective of initial anthropometric and gut microbiota status. Fecal samples were collected before and after the intervention and subjected to shotgun metagenomic sequencing. De novo assembling yielded 2934 Metagenome-Assembled Genomes (MAGs). Profiling revealed significant enrichment of Parabacteroides distasonis and Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron after the intervention, with inverse correlations between their relative abundances and parameters related to obesity and ACVD. MAGs enriched after the intervention exhibited high richness and diversity of carbohydrate-active enzymes, with an increased relative abundances of genes related to succinate production and glutamate fermentation.
Background Subtraction via Regional Multi-Feature-Frequency Model in Complex Scenes
Authors: Qi Qi , He Wei , Lei Ping , Zhang Guoyun , Wu Jianhui , Tu Bing 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background subtraction is one of the most popular techniques for the detection of moving objects. This paper presents a regional multi-feature-frequency (RMFF) method that utilizes the frequency contributions of regional features to detect changes. This approach allows the spatial relationship between pixels in a neighborhood and the frequencies of features over time to be considered, so that both spatial and temporal information is taken into account while constructing a model of an observed scene. Instead of using a global segmentation threshold, an adaptive strategy is utilized to dynamically adjust the foreground/background segmentation threshold for each region without user intervention. This adaptive threshold is defined for each region separately, and can adjust dynamically based on continuous monitoring of the background changes. The use of multi-scale superpixels for exploiting the structural information existing in real scenes also enhances robustness to noise and environmental variations. Experiments on the 2014 version of the ChangeDetection.net dataset demonstrated that the proposed method outperforms the twelve state-of-the-art algorithms in terms of overall F-Measure and worked effectively in many complex scenes.
Influence of e-waste exposure on DNA damage and DNA methylation in people living near recycling sites
Authors: Li Na , Wang Jinhan , Li Kejun , Yang Ping , Wang Yan , Xu Chang , He Ningning , Ji Kaihua , Song Huijuan , Zhang Manman , Du Liqing , Liu Qiang 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The association between long-term exposure to e-waste and poor health is well established, but how e-waste exposure affects DNA methylation is understudied. In this study, we investigated the concentration of PCBs in environmental samples around the e-waste area and measured the DNA damage levels and the alternation of DNA methylation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) collected from a population exposed to e-waste. There was serious PCB contamination in the soil, water, and plants around the e-waste recycling area. The concentration of 28 PCB congeners in blood samples of e-waste recycling workers was elevated than those of the reference group. DNA damage levels were significantly higher than that of samples from the reference group by detecting the SCGE, CA, and CBMN assay. Eventually, we found that the methylation level of 1233 gene loci was changed in the exposure group. Bioinformatic analysis of differential genes revealed that the hypermethylated genes were enriched in cell component movement and regulation of cell function, and hypomethylated genes were involved in the cellular metabolic process. Among the 30 genes we tested, 14 genes showed a negative correlation between methylation level and expression level. Therefore, e-waste exposure potentially increased levels of DNA damage and alters DNA methylation, which would likely impact human health.
Identifying novel convergent roles of neuronal β-catenin and APC in modulating mRNA translation, plasticity and learning
Authors: Jacob Michele , Alexander Jonathan , Jin Shan-Xue , Feig Larry 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
β-catenin (β-cat) malfunction is a significant risk factor for intellectual disability (ID). However, the underlying mechanisms are poorly defined. We identify a novel role for truncated β-cat that significantly impacts learning. N-terminally truncated β-cat is generated endogenously in neurons by high activity stimulating calcium-dependent calpain cleavage of full-length β-cat. Its role is undefined. We overexpressed N-terminally truncated β-cat in mouse glutamatergic neurons, and show drastic decreases in learning, plasticity and glutamatergic synaptic proteins, and altered translation. Truncated β-cat associates with the pre-initiation complex. Its overexpression perturbs activity-dependent increases in translation near synapses and alters APC (adenomatous polyposis coli protein) association with and translation of its target mRNAs. Several mRNAs in APC’s interactome link to ID. As further evidence of APC malfunction induced by excessive truncated β-cat, genetically depleting APC from β-cat overexpressor neurons prevents the aberrant glutamatergic synaptic protein levels. We identify new convergent roles for APC and truncated β-cat as in vivo effectors of translation and cognitive function.
A regression analysis of the impact of routing and packing dependencies on the expected runtime
Authors: Yafrani Mohamed El , Martins Marcella Scoczynski Ribeiro , Wagner Markus , Nielsen Peter 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Problems with multiple interdependent components offer a better representation of the real-world situations where globally optimal solutions are preferred over optimal solutions for the individual components. One such model is the Travelling Thief Problem (TTP); while is appears popular and while it may offer a better benchmarking alternative to the standard benchmarks, only one form of inter-component dependency is investigated. The goal of this paper is to study the impact of different models of dependency on the fitness landscape using performance prediction models (regression analysis). To conduct the analysis, we consider a generalised model of the TTP, where the dependencies between the two components of the problem are tunable via the problem features. The regression model was able to predict the expected runtime of the algorithm based on the problem features. Furthermore, the results show that the contribution of the item value drop dependency is significantly higher than the velocity change dependency.
Study on the spatial distribution of urban carbon emissions at the micro level based on multisource data
Authors: Yao Xiaojing , Zheng Wei , Wang Dacheng , Li Shenshen , Chi Tianhe 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Global warming is currently an area of concern. Human activities are the leading cause of urban greenhouse gas intensification. Inversing the spatial distribution of carbon emissions at microscopic scales such as communities or controlling detailed planning plots can capture the critical emission areas of carbon emissions, thus providing scientific guidance for intracity low-carbon development planning. Using the Sino-Singapore Tianjin Eco-city as an example, this paper uses night-light images and statistical yearbooks to perform linear fitting within the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei city-county region and then uses fine-scale data such as points of interest, road networks and mobile signalling data to construct spatial characteristic indicators of carbon emissions distribution and assigns weights to each indicator through the analytic hierarchy process. As a result, the spatial distribution of carbon emissions based on detailed control planning plots is calculated. The results show that among the selected indicators, the population distribution significantly influences carbon emissions, with a weight of 0.384. The spatial distribution of carbon emissions is relatively distinctive. The primary carbon emissions are from the Sino-Singapore Cooperation Zone due to its rapid urban construction and development. In contrast, carbon emissions from other areas are sparse, as there is mostly unused land under construction.
Correlates of COVID-19 Vaccination Intentions and opinions about mandates among four groups of adults in South Africa with distinct vaccine intentions: Evidence from a large national survey
Authors: Eyal Katherine , Maughan-Brown Brendan , Njozela Lindokuhle , Köhler Timothy , Ingle Kim , Brophy Timothy , Buttenheim Alison 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Despite a high number of recorded COVID-19 infections and deaths in South Africa, COVID-19 vaccine coverage remained low in March 2022, ten months into the national vaccine roll-out. This study provides evidence on the correlates of vaccine intentions, attitudes towards vaccination and opinions about mandates.
Methods
We used data from the second COVID-19 Vaccine Survey (CVACS), a telephone survey conducted February-March 2022 among 3,608 South African adults who self-reported not being vaccinated against COVID-19. The survey instrument was designed in consultation with government, policymakers, and civil society; and segmented the sample into four distinct groups with different vaccine intentions (synonymous with vaccine hesitancy levels). Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests were used to examine the sociodemographic characteristics, attitudes and behaviours associated with the different vaccination intentions groups. Thematic coding of responses to open-ended questions elicited insights on reasons for not being vaccinated and attitudes towards mandates.
Results
Intentions to get vaccinated were greater among individuals with lower socio-economic status (Mann-Whitney Z=-11.3, p<0.001); those believing the vaccine protects against death (Kruskal-Wallis 𝛸2=494, p<0.001); and those who perceived themselves at risk of COVID-19-related illness (𝛸2=126, p<0.01). Vaccine intentions were lower among individuals who believed that the vaccine causes death (𝛸2=163, p<0.001); believed that the vaccine is unsafe for the babies of pregnant/breastfeeding mothers, or the chronically ill (𝛸2=123, p<0.01); those not trusting government health information about COVID-19 and the COVID-19 vaccine (Kendall’s 𝜏=-0.41, p<0.01); and those in opposition to mandates (𝜏=0.35, p<0.001). Only 25% supported mandates, despite 48% thinking mandates would work well, with 54% citing individual rights as their main reason for mandate opposition.
Conclusion
The profile of individuals not vaccinated against COVID-19 as of March 2022 differed markedly by self-reported vaccination intentions, underscoring the importance of tailored demand-creation efforts. To achieve comprehensive vaccination coverage, interventions to instill trust in government health information, and in the safety and efficacy of vaccines are required early in a vaccination program given the rapid emergence of pervasive vaccine hesitancy. Mandates remain an option to increase coverage but need to be carefully considered given widespread opposition.
Synthesis and characterization of V2O5-Ga2O3 photocatalysts and their application on the photocatalytic reduction of CO2
Authors: Espinosa Rodrigo , Manríquez Ma Elena , Trejo-Valdez Martín , Tzompantzi Francisco , Bustos Adrián Farid , Ortiz Emma 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The photocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) to produce methanol (CH3OH) is a promising strategy for clean energy generation. The catalyst, the aqueous medium, and the UV light are essential parameters for the most relevant pair formation (e−/h+) and a specific selectivity towards the desired product (methanol). The use of G2O3 and V2O5 in the photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to obtain methanol has been little studied. However, the combination of these oxides is important to generate synergies and decrease the band energy, enhancing the photocatalytic activity in the reduction of CO2. In this work, combined V2O5-Ga2O3 photocatalysts were obtained and studied in the photocatalytic reduction of CO2. The photocatalysts were characterized by spectroscopic and microscopic techniques. The results showed that textural properties, such as surface area and morphology, do not influence photocatalytic activity. However, species identified by XPS such as Ga2p3/2 and Ga2p1/2 improved the photocatalytic activity, probably due to the formation of vacancies and the bandgap reduction of the combined oxides, in comparison with the single oxides. The contribution of these factors to the interactions of (e−/h+) pairs with CO2 to generate methanol is demonstrated.
Decomposing Inequality in Maternal and Child Health (MCH) Services in Nepal
Authors: G.C. Shreezal , Adhikari Naveen 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: Approximately 75.5% of women in Nepal’s urban areas receive atleast four ANC visits, compared to 61.7% of women in the country’s rural areas. Similar to this, just 34% of women in the lowest wealth quintile give birth in a medical facility compared to 90% of women in the richest group. As a result of this imbalance, the poor in emerging nations suffer since those who are better off can make greater use of the healthcare than those who are less fortunate. This study sought to examine the inequality in MCH services provided in Nepal and to break down the contributions made by the various socioeconomic factors in the years 2011 and 2016.
Methods: Inequality in MCH services was estimated using concentration curves and their corresponding indices. We examined the inequality across three MCH service outcomes: less than 4 ANC visits, no baby postnatal checkups within 2months of delivery and no advised SBA delivery and decomposed them across observed characteristics of the women aged between 15 and 49. Furthermore, Oaxaca-blinder decomposition approach was used to measure and decompose the inequality differential between two time periods.
Results: Inequality in MCH services was prevalent for all 3 outcomes in 2011 and 2016, respectively. However, the concentration indices for <4 ANC visits, no advised SBA delivery, and no postnatal checkups within 2 months of birth increased from -0.2184, -0.1643, and -0.1284 to -0.1871, -0.0504, and -0.0218 correspondingly, showing the decrease in MCH services inequality over two time periods. Wealth index, women’s literacy, place of living, women’s employment status, and problem of distance to reach nearest health facility were the main contributors.
Conclusion: We find that MCH services are clearly biased towards the women with higher living standards. National policies should focus on empowering women through education and employment, along with the creation of health facilities and improved educational institutions, in order to address inequalities in living standards, women’s education levels, and the problem of distance. Leveraging these factors can reduce inequality in MCH services.
Can the organic coating of breast tissue markers be sampled by an ultrasound-guided core cut biopsy without removing the clip marker? A proof-of-concept evaluation of two coated clip marker types in turkey breast tissue to improve representativity of ultrasound-guided core cut biopsies.
Authors: Schaefgen Benedikt , Steudt Sabrina , Albrecht Thomas , Togawa Riku , Nees Juliane , Fastner Sarah , Riedel Fabian , Hennigs André , Gomez Christina , Stieber Anne , Sinn Peter , Wallwiener Markus , Golatta Michael , Heil Jörg 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The aim of this preclinical study was to test if the organic coating of two breast tissue clip markers (HydroMARK and UltraClip) can be sampled selectively by an ultrasound-guided core cut biopsy (CC). Ten clip markers of each type were inserted in four turkey breasts. Sonographic visibility was graded by the performing physicians. CC was performed, aiming to sample only the organic coating while leaving the clip marker in situ. Mammography, specimen radiography and gross inspection of the biopsy samples were conducted to evaluate dislocation or removal of the clips. The specimens were examined histopathologically to detect fragments of the coating material. HydroMARK was superior regarding CC feasibility and detectability of the coating. The organic coating of HydroMARK could be sampled selectively without dislocating the clip marker. Fragments of the coating material were visible macroscopically in seven out of ten biopsy specimens and could be detected in the histopathologic workup in five out of ten specimens. The coating material of the UltraClip was not visible in any sample. This study showed that the organic coating could be identified in CC biopsy samples, both on a macroscopic and microscopic level. This could potentially be used to verify representativity of minimal invasive biopsies.