bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Year-Round Respiratory Syncytial Virus Transmission in The Netherlands Following the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Prospective Nationwide Observational and Modeling Study
Authors: Löwensteyn Yvette N , Zheng Zhe , Rave Neele , Bannier Michiel A G E , Billard Marie-Noëlle , Casalegno Jean-Sebastien , Pitzer Virginia E , Wildenbeest Joanne G , Weinberger Daniel M , Bont Louis ,   for the Surveillance of Pediatric REspiratory Admissions in Dutch hospitals (SPREAD) Study Group, Vermaas-van Putten Marlies , Smit-Kleinlugtenbeld Elly , Peetsold Marieke , van der Kuip Martijn , van Goudoever Hans , van Keulen Britt , Boot Anouk , Kloos Robin , van Gool Sandy , Snepvangers Yvonne , Kuijpers Anke , Menelik Negassi , de Crom Stephanie , Miedema Carien , ten Tusscher Gavin , van Giessen Jet , de Moor Ronald , Faber Marianne , Breukels Mijke , Jaddoe Vincent , Duijts Liesbeth , Lutterman Claire , Vink Ilka , Tramper-Stranders Gerdien , Oudshoorn Annemarie , Ritman Astrid , Dubbink-Verheij Gerdien , Bolt Jantien , Cakir Cagri , Rietveld Edwin , Bekhof Jolita , Rings Edmond , de Swart Jara , Driessen Gertjan , Doedens Rienus , Nijssen Lieke , van Onzenoort-Bokken Lonneke , Meijneke Ruud , van Scherpenzeel Machteld , Faber Tina , de Groof Femke , Schouten Sarah , van de Zande Julia , de Coul Monique op , Henriet Stefanie , Stol Kim , van Rossem Maaike , Jacobs Monique , van Houten Marlies , Zuurbier Roy , Plötz Frans , de Vries Andra , van der Heide Rinske , van Boekholt Anneke , de Jong Gieneke Gonera , Rashid Amara Nassar-Sheikh , Roelofs Manouck , Illy Károly , Reijmerink Naomi , van Dorth Stefan , Schipper Saskia , Rosias Philippe , Teirlinck Anne 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
We initiated a nationwide prospective study to monitor respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)–related pediatric hospitalizations in 46 hospitals throughout the Netherlands between May 2021 and August 2022. We showed year-round RSV transmission in the Netherlands after an initial 2021 summer outbreak. The pattern was unprecedented and distinct from neighboring countries. We extended a dynamic simulation model to evaluate the impact of waning immunity on pediatric RSV hospitalizations in the Netherlands using 4 different scenarios. Our results suggest that the observed continuous RSV transmission pattern could be associated with waning immunity due to the period of very low RSV circulation during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Differential development and survival of Blattella asahinai and Blattella germanica (Blattodea: Ectobiidae) at six constant temperatures
Authors: Peterson Madison K , Hu Xing Ping , Appel Arthur G 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The Asian cockroach, Blattella asahinai Mizukubo, is a peridomestic nuisance pest in the southeastern United States. Blattella asahinai is the closest relative to Blattella germanica (L.), the German cockroach, one of the most prolific and widespread domestic pests. Because these two species live in different habitats, they are expected to have differential development patterns reflecting environmental adaptations. Development of B. asahinai and B. germanica cockroach nymphs were observed at six constant temperatures ranging from 10 to 35 °C. At 10 °C and 15 °C, all nymphs died in the first instar, but B. germanica nymphs survived longer (10 °C: 12.9 d; 15 °C: 42.9 d) than B. asahinai nymphs (10 °C 8.2 d; 15 °C 18.4 d) at both temperatures. At 20 °C, 25 °C, and 30 °C, B. asahinai consistently had more instars and longer stadia than B. germanica. At 35 °C, only B. germanica was able to complete nymphal development; cannibalism among B. asahinai nymphs during molting was often observed at this temperature. The results for B. asahinai corroborated previously estimated growth patterns. The lower nymphal development threshold was 14.1 °C for B. germanica and 13.7 °C for B. asahinai. Comparing the development of B. germanica directly with its closest relative reveals specific physiological adaptations that B. germanica has developed for the indoor biome.
Burkholderia spp.-based biopesticide controls wireworms (Coleoptera: Elateridae) in potatoes
Authors: Pagani Mika K , Johnson Timothy B , Doughty Hélène B , McIntyre Kelly C , Kuhar Thomas P 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Wireworms (Coleoptera: Elateridae) are economically significant pests of potatoes (Solanum tuberosum), damaging the marketable portion of the crop by feeding and tunneling into tubers. While conventional potato growers use the few registered synthetic insecticides to control wireworms, certified organic growers are left with less options due to the limited effectiveness of the available insecticides. Biologically derived pesticides provide an additional alternative for both systems. Certain gram-negative proteobacteria, such as Burkholderia spp., possess insecticidal compounds. However, very little is known about their efficacy on wireworms. From 2018 to 2021, we conducted experiments in Virginia to assess the efficacy of a Burkholderia spp.-based commercial pesticide, Majestene, as a wireworm control in potatoes. In a lab experiment, soil drench application of this insecticide at a rate of 66 g a.i. per 1 liter resulted in 30% wireworm mortality and significantly reduced wireworm feeding damage on potato tubers. In the field, in-furrow applications of Burkholderia spp. at a rate of 17.66 kg a.i. per ha significantly reduced wireworm damage to tubers in 2 of 7 field experiments conducted. By comparison, the commercial standard insecticide, bifenthrin, significantly reduced tuber damage in 3 of the 7 field experiments. Our study demonstrates the prospect for proteobacteria-derived insecticides for control of wireworms and potentially other soil-dwelling insects. In conclusion, findings present growers with another option to combat wireworm pressure, especially in organic systems.
Methanol and acetone extracts from the leaves of selected aromatic plants affect survival of field collectedAnopheles arabiensis(Diptera: Culicidae) from Kisumu, Kenya
Authors: Wangrawa Dimitri Wendgida , Yaméogo Félix , Sombié Aboubacar , Esalimba Edward , Ochomo Eric , Borovsky Dov , Badolo Athanase , Sanon Antoine 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe massive and inappropriate use of synthetic insecticides is causing significant and increasing environmental disruption. Therefore, developing effective natural mosquitocidal compounds could be an alternative tool for malarial vector control. The present study investigates the larvicidal and adulticidal effect of methanol and acetone extracts of leaves from Lippia chevalieri, Lippia multiflora, Cymbopogon schoenanthus, and Lantana camara against Anopheles arabiensis, to control the most widespread vector transmitting malaria in sub-Saharan. Africa. Extracts were evaluated following WHO modified test procedure against third- to fourth-instar larvae and, non-blood-fed females from 3- to 5-day-old field populations of An. arabiensis under laboratory conditions using WHO larval and CDC bottle bioassays, respectively. Mortality was recorded after 24-h exposure and several compounds were identified in the extracts. The methanolic and acetonic extracts of L. camara were effective against larvae showing lethal concentrations to 50% (LC50) of the population, at 89.48 and 58.72 ppm, respectively. The acetonic extracts of C. schoenanthus and L. chevalieri showed higher toxicities LC50s of 0.16% and 0.22% against female adults, respectively. The methanolic extracts of L. multiflora and L. chevalieri LC50s were effective at 0.17% and 0.27%, respectively, against female adults. These results indicate that the plant extracts tested may represent effective means to control An. arabiensis when used to treat the surface of the marshes.
StHAB1, a negative regulatory factor in abscisic acid signaling, plays crucial roles in potato drought tolerance and shoot branching
Authors: Liu Tengfei , Dong Liepeng , Wang Enshuang , Liu Shengxuan , Cheng Yunxia , Zhao Ji , Xu Shijing , Liang Zhen , Ma Hui , Nie Bihua , Song Botao 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) is critical in drought tolerance and plant growth. Group A protein type 2C phosphatases (PP2Cs) are negative regulators of ABA signaling and plant adaptation to stress. Knowledge about the functions of potato group A PP2Cs is limited. Here, we report that the potato group A PP2C StHAB1 is broadly expressed in potato plants and strongly induced by ABA and drought. Suppression of StHAB1 enhanced potato ABA sensitivity and drought tolerance, whereas overexpression of the dominant mutant StHAB1G276D compromised ABA sensitivity and drought tolerance. StHAB1 interacts with almost all ABA receptors and the Snf1-Related Kinase OST1. Suppressing StHAB1 and overexpressing StHAB1G276D alter potato growth morphology; notably, overexpression of StHAB1G276D causes excessive shoot branching. RNA-sequencing analyses identified that the auxin efflux carrier genes StPIN3, StPIN5, and StPIN8 were up-regulated in StHAB1G276D-overexpressing axillary buds. Correspondingly, the auxin concentration was reduced in StHAB1G276D-overexpressing axillary buds, consistent with the role of auxin in repressing lateral branch outgrowth. The expression of BRANCHED1s (StBRC1a and StBRC1b) was unchanged in StHAB1G276D-overexpressing axillary buds, suggesting that StHAB1G276D overexpression does not cause axillary bud outgrowth via regulation of BRC1 expression. Our findings demonstrate that StHAB1 is vital in potato drought tolerance and shoot branching.
Cancer risk in information technology workers: a UK Biobank study
Authors: Lalloo D , Lewsey J , Katikireddi S V , Macdonald E B , Demou E 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
The information technology (IT) workforce has been growing more rapidly than others, with occupational health (OH) risks of sedentary behaviour, physical inactivity and poor diet, yet studies of their non-communicable disease risk, notably cancer, are lacking.

Aims
To investigate cancer risk in IT workers compared to others in employment and the nine major Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) groups.

Methods
We evaluated incident diagnosed cancers in the UK Biobank cohort through national cancer registry linkage. Cox proportional hazard regression models, with 15-year follow-up, were used to compare incident cancer risk among IT workers with all other employed participants and with the nine major SOC groups.

Results
Overall, 10 517 (4%) employed participants were IT workers. Adjusting for confounders, IT workers had a slightly lower cancer incidence compared to all other employed participants (Model 2: hazard ratio = 0.91, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.83–1.01). Compared to the nine major SOC groups, they had a similar (Major Groups 2, 5 and 8) or lower (Major Groups 1, 3, 4, 6, 7 and 9) cancer incidence.

Conclusions
Despite their occupational risks of sedentary behaviour, poor diet and physical inactivity, IT workers do not have an increased cancer incidence compared to all other employed participants and the nine major SOC groups. This study paves the way for large, longitudinal health outcome studies of this under-researched and rapidly growing occupational group.
Pan-genome analysis sheds light on structural variation-based dissection of agronomic traits in melon crops
Authors: Lyu Xiaolong , Xia Yuelin , Wang Chenhao , Zhang Kejia , Deng Guancong , Shen Qinghui , Gao Wei , Zhang Mengyi , Liao Nanqiao , Ling Jian , Bo Yongming , Hu Zhongyuan , Yang Jinghua , Zhang Mingfang 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Sweetness and appearance of fresh fruits are key palatable and preference attributes for consumers and are often controlled by multiple genes. However, fine-mapping the key loci or genes of interest by single genome-based genetic analysis is challenging. Herein, we present the chromosome-level genome assembly of 1 landrace melon accession (Cucumis melo ssp. agrestis) with wild morphologic features and thus construct a melon pan-genome atlas via integrating sequenced melon genome datasets. Our comparative genomic analysis reveals a total of 3.4 million genetic variations, of which the presence/absence variations (PAVs) are mainly involved in regulating the function of genes for sucrose metabolism during melon domestication and improvement. We further resolved several loci that are accountable for sucrose contents, flesh color, rind stripe, and suture using a structural variation (SV)-based genome-wide association study. Furthermore, via bulked segregation analysis (BSA)-seq and map-based cloning, we uncovered that a single gene, (CmPIRL6), determines the edible or inedible characteristics of melon fruit exocarp. These findings provide important melon pan-genome information and provide a powerful toolkit for future pan-genome-informed cultivar breeding of melon.
Overcoming a legacy of racial discrimination: competing policy goals in South African academia
Authors: Cowan Robin , Müller Moritz , Kirman Alan , Barnard Helena 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Because discrimination is systemic, efforts to counter it must also be systemic. The South African case is instructive because it is extreme: Apartheid deliberately excluded the majority of the population, Black South Africans, from fully participating in society, but post-Apartheid efforts to achieve transformation have had limited success. This article examines the university system, where transformation involves increasing the size of the system; improving scientific quality and changing the racial composition. This will require more Black South Africans to do PhDs, to select academic careers and to be selected into the top universities. Policy interventions can be developed for each of these elements, but will they be complementary or contradictory? We simulate a calibrated model to address this question. Results reveal direct trade-offs, with different combinations resulting in different benefits. By highlighting the differential gains of different policy combinations, this article can support informed policy-making about a highly complex issue.
miRNA 511_5p is a potential biomarker for ocular toxoplasmosis
Authors: de Faria Júnior Geraldo Magela , Kumano Laurie Sayuri , Bronchtein Gomes Isabela , Camargos Gláucio Silva , Meira-Strejevitch Cristina da Silva , Castiglioni Lilian , Previato Mariana , Pereira-Chioccola Vera Lucia , Brandão Cinara Cássia , de Mattos Luiz Carlos 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background
Ocular toxoplasmosis (OT) is a frequent clinical manifestation due to infection by Toxoplasma gondii. It is characterized by an inflammatory process involving macrophages activated by pro-inflammatory cytokines. The expression of microRNAs takes place during the inflammatory process and, among them, miRNA 511 regulates the activation of macrophages. This study evaluated the expression of miRNA 511_5p in patients with OT and healthy controls.

Methods
A total of 361 patients from the Hospital de Base of Fundação Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto were enrolled and divided into four groups: G1–patients with active ocular lesions and reagent serology for T. gondii; G2–patients with scars and reagent serology for T. gondii; G3–patients without ocular lesions or scars and reagent serology for T. gondii; G4–patients without ocular lesions or scars and non-reagent serology for T. gondii. All patients underwent clinical and laboratory evaluation to confirm the diagnosis of OT. Serology tests, RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis were performed.

Results
The miRNA 511_5p levels were compared among the groups. The G1 group showed a high blood plasma concentration of miRNA 511_5p (mean 22.34) compared with the G2 (4.65), G3 (8.91) and G4 (3.52) groups (p&lt;0.0001).

Conclusion
These data suggest that miRNA 511_5p has significant potential as a biomarker for OT.
Association Between a Medical School Applicant’s Community College Attendance and the Likelihood of Application Acceptance: An Investigation of Select Medical School Characteristics
Authors: Grbic Douglas , Gunter Brianna , Poll-Hunter Norma , Youngclaus James A. , Shader Michelle , Addams Amy N. , Young Geoffrey H. , Szenas Philip L. 
Published: July 2023

Purpose
One-third of medical school applicants attend a community college (CC), and they represent a diverse group of applicants. However, they have a lower likelihood of being accepted to medical school. Using application-level data, this study examines how an applicant’s CC attendance impacts the likelihood of application acceptance and how 3 medical school characteristics moderate this association.

Method
Data examined were from 2,179,483 applications submitted to at least one of 146 U.S. Liaison Committee on Medical Education–accredited medical schools by 124,862 applicants between 2018 and 2020. The outcome was application acceptance. The main measures were applicants’ CC attendance (no, lower [> 0%–19% of college course hours], or higher [≥ 20%]) and 3 medical school characteristics: geographic region, private versus public control, and admissions policy regarding CC coursework. Multilevel logistic regression models estimated the association between CC attendance and the likelihood of application acceptance and how this association was moderated by school characteristics.

Results
Among applicants, 23.8% (29,704/124,862) had lower CC attendance and 10.3% (12,819/124,862) had higher CC attendance. Regression results showed that, relative to no CC attendance, applications with lower (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = .96; 95% confidence internal [CI], .94–.97) and higher (AOR = .78; 95% CI, .76–.81) CC attendance had significantly decreased odds of acceptance when the 3 school characteristics were included. Each of the 3 medical school characteristics significantly moderated the association between an applicant’s CC attendance and the likelihood of application acceptance.

Conclusions
The negative association between CC attendance and medical school application acceptance varies by medical school characteristics. Professional development for admissions officers focused on understanding the CC pathway and potential biases related to CC attendance would likely be beneficial in terms of trying to attract and select a diverse cohort of medical students in a holistic and equitable manner.
Strategies to Create a More Gender Identity Inclusive Learning Environment in Preclinical and Clinical Medical Education
Authors: Baecher-Lind Laura , Sutton Jill M. , Bhargava Rashmi , Chen Katherine T. , Fleming Angela , Morgan Helen Kang , Morosky Christopher M. , Schaffir Jonathan , Sonn Tammy , Royce Celeste S. , Stephenson-Famy Alyssa , Madani Sims Shireen ,   on behalf of the Association of Professors of Gynecology and Obstetrics Undergraduate Medical Education Committee
Published: July 2023

Recognition of the spectrum of gender identities has been a recent phenomenon in the medical profession. Over the past 20 years, medical literature related to gender identity diversity has increased several-fold, yet it more commonly addresses clinical care rather than aspects related to medical education. Medical educators continue to struggle with appropriate language and inclusive approaches when discussing gender-based aspects of medical education. Reproductive health education, including obstetrics and gynecology clerkships, is particularly vulnerable to missteps and anachronisms regarding gender identity.
This article aims to provide preclinical and clinical medical educators with strategies to identify and predict situations where missteps related to gender identity inclusivity may occur in their curriculum or learning environment, and to develop approaches to improve gender identity inclusivity within medical education. The authors explore 3 areas that commonly pose challenges for medical educators: inclusive language and terminology, anatomy education, and reproductive genetics and genetic counseling. They hope the tools and strategies provided here will be useful to reproductive health medical educators across specialties to enable the realization of a more inclusive learning environment in reproductive health.
Explantation of a light-adjustable intraocular lens: case report with laboratorial analyses
Authors: Hawn Vivian S. , Bundogji Nour , Sahler Ruth , Mifflin Mark , Monson Bryan , Mamalis Nick , Werner Liliana 
Published: July 2023

Introduction:
A case in which a light-adjustable lens (LAL) underwent explantation and extensive laboratory analyses is reported.

Patient and Clinical Findings:
A 61-year-old man underwent uneventful cataract surgery with in-the-bag implantation of a first-generation LAL in the right eye. Examination on the second postoperative day revealed limbus-to-limbus corneal edema, moderate anterior chamber cells, and a mid-dilated, minimally responsive pupil, suggesting toxic anterior segment syndrome (TASS).

Diagnosis, Intervention, and Outcomes:
Endothelial keratoplasty was performed 2 months after LAL implantation. The patient reported noncompliance with required UV-protective eyewear, and an attempted light adjustment confirmed macromer reserve depletion, likely secondary to ambient UV contamination. Gross and microscopic examinations of the explanted LAL showed a decentered round elevation on the optic. The light transmittance (%T) curve was normal, with 95.9%T on average in the visible spectrum. Optical coherence tomography revealed irregular curvatures of the anterior and posterior optic surfaces. Wavefront analysis displayed aberrations and large power variations, which corresponded to decreased focus and contrast through the optic.

Conclusions:
To the authors' knowledge, this is the first reported case of LAL implantation complicated by TASS, leading to a prolonged clinical course and nonadherence to proprietary UV-protective spectacles. Extensive laboratory analyses of the explanted LAL demonstrated findings that can be expected with uncontrolled polymerization of the LAL.