bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Calculations of Wiener μ-invariant and someTopological Indices on the Corona Graph
Authors: Rasool Kavi 
Published: July 2023

A topological index, commonly referred to as a connectivity index, is a molecular structural descriptor that describes a chemical compound's topology. Topological indices are a major topic in graph theory. In this paper, we first define a new graph, which is a concept from the coronavirus, called a corona graph, and then we give some theoretical results for the Wiener and the hyper Wiener index of a graph, according to ( the number of pairs of vertices (u, v) of G that are at a distance . Moreover, calculate some topological indices degree-based, such as the first and second Zagreb index, , and index, and first and second Gourava index for the recent graph. In addition, we introduced a new topological index, the , which was inspired by the definition of the index.
Surface Treatment of Epoxy/Al Composite by Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD) at Atmospheric Pressure
Authors: Abd Aseel Kamel , Abbas Qusay Adnan 
Published: July 2023

In this study, the surface of the epoxy/Al composite is treated using a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma in the presence of air. The epoxy composite was prepared by mixing 0.1g and 0.3 g aluminum powder with epoxy resin and its hardener in a ratio of 3:1. The surface epoxy/Al composite as a dielectric barrier layer (DB) is studied at an applied frequency of 8 kHz and at three exposure times 0, 2, and 4 min. The UV degradation process has been studied using UV-Visible spectroscopy, for these polymers. The absorbance intensity in the UV region (200–320 nm) was high. The absorbance level decreased after 2 minutes and increased after 4 min exposure time. Before exposure to plasma, the epoxy/Al composite at 0.1 g Al had an optical band gap of 3.72eV, while it was 3.6 and 3.42 eV after 2, and 4 min exposure time, respectively. For the composite with 0.3 g Al, the optical band gap was 3.6 eV before exposure which decreased to 3.2 and 2.78 eV after exposure to plasma for 2 and 4 min, respectively. This was due to the increase in conductivity for epoxy/Al composite with 0.3 g Al. Also, after treatment, physical changes happened on their surfaces as well as chemical changes which have been test using AFM technique. Three spectra are characterized by the appearance of halos extending in 2θ range from 16˚ to 45˚ for the XRD spectra of the untreated and treated Epoxy/Al composite samples at several exposed time (0, 2, and 4 min).
Effect of Plasma-Activated Water and Direct Plasma on Enterococcus faecalis Bacteria for Disinfection of Tooth Root Canal
Authors: Hameed Tamara A. , Humud Hammad R. , Ali Layla F. 
Published: July 2023

This research studies the effect regarding two plasma types, plasma jet and plasma-activated water (PAW), on tooth root canal bacteria Enterococcus faecalis. The plasma jet works with argon gas, and it is generated by a power supply that operates at alternating high voltages in the form of a sinusoidal wave with peak-to-peak value of about 12 kV at a frequency of 30 KHz and its power is about 200 watts. This plasma was utilized directly to treat the tooth canal and indirectly by activating the water that was used later for treating the Enterococcus faecalis bacteria that are present in the tooth root. Pure distilled water was treated by plasma jet for one hour at flow rate 1 . Plasma water activated by plasma contains NO2, NO3, and H2O2 with a concentration (10,100,200) ppm, respectively. It was noted, as a result of direct exposure with the two values of gas flow rate and for different exposure times, an ideal killing rate (from 298 x 108 to zero)CFU/ml was obtained when the exposure time changed from (5-30) minutes with a constant gas flow rate of 2.5 ; while in the case of changing the gas flow rate from (0.5-2.5) and fixing time to 5 min, the killing rate decreased from (298 ×108 to 30×108) CFU/ml. In the case of (PAW) when the time changed (5-25) min, an ideal killing rate was obtained (298 x 108 to zero) CFU/ml; adopted one factor, where the results indicated that plasma-activated water is good in disinfecting the root canal of the tooth and inactivating bacteria.
Assessment of Oxidative Stress Parameters for some of Baghdad City Fuel Stations Workers
Authors: Abdulameer Abdulameer Hassan , Hussein Saba Zuhair 
Published: July 2023

Because of inhalation of the volatile substances and unintended ingestion, the risk of health problems for fuelling employees exposed to gasoline vapours in gas stations is increased. Therefore, the goal of the study was to compare the oxidative stress state of healthy volunteers, who served as the control group, to Iraqi male fuelling staff, who served as the exposed groups. The levels of total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS) and oxidative stress index (OSI), malondialdehyde (MDA), Uric acid (UA), and total peroxidase activity were measured. A total of 102 subjects divided into three groups according to the duration of fuel vapours exposure: 25 exposed for 1-10 years (G1), 50 exposed for 11-19 years (G2) and 27 exposed for ≥ 20 years (G3), as well as 50 healthy people as a control group (C). The results exhibited that the levels of TOS, OSI, MDA, and total peroxidase activity were highly significant increased in all exposed groups (G1, G2 & G3) as compared to the C. A highly significant decrease was observed in TAS levels in all exposed groups in comparison with the C, while there was no significant difference in UA levels in all studied groups. The exposure to petrol associated with significant increase of TOS, OSI, MDA and total peroxidase activity with a significant decrease of TAS among workers in fuel stations and they increased oxidative stress, which likely resulted in negative impacts on human health later on as a result of prolonged labour at gas stations.
Seepage Simulation of the Proposed Makhool Dam in North Iraq
Authors: Hameed Hasan Khalid , Abdullah Khaled Ahmed , Irzooki Raad Hoobi 
Published: July 2023

This study aims to simulate water seepage and identify areas of weakness in the foundations through the right and left sides of the proposed Makhool dam in northern Iraq, using the finite element method by advanced computer software (SEEP/ W, 2012). The earth fill dam is 3670 m long on the Tigris River. Many attempts were made to ascertain the program results on the supposed earth dam and compare the results with those of other analytical methods to verify the program. The results are comparable, showing that the program is suitable for use in the seepage analysis at the proposed Makhool dam. According to the seepage analysis, the quantity of seepage through the left side of Makhool is acceptable within permissible limits; however, the right side has a lot more than the left side because of the presence of cracks, fractures, and cavitations in the stratigraphic sequence of Fatha formation at great depths in the gypsum beds under the diaphragm. The results indicate the need to lower the diaphragm about 6 m extra in the foundation's zone to a level of 49 m.a.s.l until reaching the low permeability clay bed within the foundations' zone. This action will reduce the amount of seepage and flow velocity and avoid using more grouting during the dam life. The design limits of the piezometric head (total head) were also determined, which are supposed to be read by the monitoring devices when operating the dam at the maximum level of the reservoir and the normal operating levels.
The Relation Between the Variation of Electrical Resistivity Values and Moisture of Soil at Baghdad University, Iraq
Authors: AL-Mahemmdi Waleed D. , Al-Banna Ahmed S. , AL-Menshed Firas H. 
Published: July 2023

Six ERI profiles using Wenner Schlumberger array were carried out at Baghdad University (ALJadiriya campus) to investigate soil at two sites. The spacing between electrodes of four profiles surrounding the new building in the Campus at the first site is 1 m, and the profile length ranges from 50 to 90 m. In comparison, two across profiles in the garden to detect water seepage in the site. The inverted model of the studied profiles shows many high and low resistivity zone. The sedimentology and mineralogy of the soil samples analysis from a depth range of 15 to 100 cm from three pits confirm the high homogeneity of the soil in the studied site composed of (silt and clay). The low resistivity values coincided with the moisture and amount of vegetable and herbs growth. Therefore, the authors believe the main factor causing variation in the resistivity value in the study area is the moisture Factor.
Triple Γ-Homomorphisms and Bi - Γ -Derivations on Jordan Γ-algebra
Authors: Shaheen Rajaa C. , Taher Hasan R. 
Published: July 2023

In this paper, we introduce the concept of Jordan –algebra, special Jordan –algebra and triple –homomorphisms. We also introduce Bi - –derivations and Annihilator of Jordan algebra. Finally, we study the triple –homomorphisms and Bi - –derivations on Jordan algebra.
Z-Small Quasi-Dedekind Modules
Authors: Shyaa Farhan Dakhil , Al-Sada Hawraa Abd 
Published: July 2023

In this paper, we define and study z-small quasi-Dedekind as a generalization of small quasi-Dedekind modules. A submodule of -module is called z-small ( if whenever , then . Also, is called a z-small quasi-Dedekind module if for all implies . We also describe some of their properties and characterizations. Finally, some examples are given.
Constructing New Topological Graph with Several Properties
Authors: Jwair Zainab Naeem , Abdlhusein Mohammed Abdali 
Published: July 2023

In this paper, a new idea to configure a special graph from the discrete topological space is given. Several properties and bounds of this topological graph are introduced. Such that if the order of the non-empty set equals two, then the topological graph is isomorphic to the complete graph. If the order equals three, then the topological graph is isomorphic to the complement of the cycle graph. Our topological graph has complete induced subgraphs with order or more. It also has a cycle subgraph. In addition, the clique number is obtained. The topological graph is proved simple, undirected, connected graph. It has no pendant vertex, no isolated vertex and no cut vertex. The minimum and maximum degrees are evaluated. So , the radius and diameter are studied here.
Construction the linear codes in PG (1, 31)
Authors: Easa Ahmed Khallaf , Al-Seraji Najm Abdulzahra Makhrib 
Published: July 2023

The goal of this paper is to construct the linear code, and its dual which corresponding to classification of projective line PG(1,31), we will present Some important results of coding theory, the generator matrix of every linear code in PG(1,31) is found, A parity check matrix is also found . The mathematical programming language GAP was a main computing tool .
On (k,m)-n-Paranormal Operators
Authors: Mohsen Salim Dawood 
Published: July 2023

The new type of paranormal operators that have been defined in this study on the Hilbert space, is paranormal operators. In this paper we introduce and discuss some properties of this concept such as: the sum and product of two paranormal, the power of paranormal. Further, the relationships between the paranormal operators and other kinds of paranormal operators have been studied.
Assessing the Potentiality of Using CXCL9 as A Predictive Biomarker for Acute and Chronic Toxoplasmosis, and Study the Correlation Between CXCL9, Toxoplasmosis and Thyroid Disorder in These Cases
Authors: Najeeb Mariam Ali , Al-Qaisi Amjed Qays Ibrahim 
Published: July 2023

Background: Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand (CXCL9) has an important role recruiting the T-lymphocytes and immune response after infection by inducing T-cells accumulation around the areas associated with infections. However, this role is poorly known in relation with Toxoplasma gondii infection and also in association with thyroid hormones, which the present study is focused on.
Methods: Eighty-seven women were included in this study for the period between September 2021 and February 2022. Blood samples of uninfected healthy pregnant, in addition to aborted and pregnant women infected with toxoplasmosis, were collected. Sera were then obtained and stored at -10°C. Toxo-latex agglutination test was done, followed by detection of IgM and IgG antibodies, which were identified in sera of cases and controls using a commercially available enzyme-linked immunoassay. Finally, an ELISA test for CXCL9 and thyroid hormones tests were performed as well.
Results: CXCL9 levels showed a non-significant increase in comparison with the control group. This increase was observed during the first 5 months of abortion and pregnancy. Thyroid hormones T3 and TSH were significantly higher in the aborted and pregnant women than the control group. Whereas T4 results revealed lower levels in the same group in comparison to the control group, specifically during the first 5 months of abortion and pregnancy for most of the groups.
Conclusion: Determining CXCL9 chemokine levels in female patients infected with Toxoplasma gondii might play an important role in early diagnosis of Toxoplasmosis, especially during the first 5 months of abortion or pregnancy as well as thyroid hormones levels can be influenced or affected by the parasite infection, which can provide an indicator of thyroid dysfunction in general.
Nutritional Status and Lipid Profile Among Children Infected with Giardia lamblia and Cryptosporidium
Authors: Al-Ani Lina Jamal , Al-Warid Harith Saeed 
Published: July 2023

Some intestinal parasites might impact a child's nutritional condition and lipid profile. It has recently been revealed that these parasites have a link to biometric data and lipid profiles. As a result, the current study aims to see how Giardia lamblia and Cryptosporidium affect nutritional status and lipid profile. From October 2021 to March 2022, this study was done in Baghdad. The participants in the study were 110 children of both sexes, ranging in age from 2 to 17. According to the results of the stool examination, the children were separated into three groups: those infected with Giardia lamblia (n=47), those infected with Cryptosporidium (n=43), and those who appeared to be healthy (n=20). All participating children were subjected to some biometric measurements (body mass index -BMI, weight and height for age percentile) and lipid profile assessment. BMI and height for age percentile were not significantly related to the G. lamblia and Cryptosporidium infections. Results showed that weight for age percentile was decreased significantly among children who had giardiasis and cryptosporidiosis compared to control group. Cholesterol levels were significantly increased in G. lamblia infected group and triglyceride was significantly increased in Cryptosporidium infected group. HDL was significantly raised up in both G. lambli and Cryptospordium infected group comparing to control. While non-significant differences were notice regarding LDL among groups
Phylogenetic Analysis of Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolated from Nosocomial and Community Infection in Diyala, Iraq
Authors: Mohamed Ibtihal Qasim , Al-Taai Hadi Rahman Rasheed 
Published: July 2023

The biological diversity of Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) has widely been reported to be associated with pathological progress in severe nosocomial and community-acquired infections. 250 clinical specimens included sputum, urine and swabs from wound and burns samples were collected from Al-Batool Teaching Hospital (38.4%), Baqubah Teaching Hospital (61.6%) and private laboratories in Baqubah and Diyala, Iraq. Positive rates of nosocomial acquired infection were sputum 98%, urine 96%, and swabs from wound and burns 94%, while positive rates of community acquired infection were sputum 60%, urine 60%, and swabs wound and burns 30%. Positive rates of nosocomial and community acquired infections were 96% and 48%, respectively. The distribution of pathogenic bacteria of E. coli was 19.2% and 8.8%, and those of K. pneumoniae were 23.2% and 12% of nosocomial and community acquired infections respectively, which is a higher percentage than other pathogenic bacteria of nosocomial and community acquired infections. The nosocomial-acquired K. pneumoniae isolates were less susceptible than community-acquired K. pneumoniae isolates. Multi-drug resistant (MDR) and extensively drug resistant (XDR) are commonly caused by -lactam/ -lactamase inhibitor combinations: Ticarcillin clavulanate, carbapenems and meropenem 100%; cephalosporines and ceftazidime 96%. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene showed the presence of six nucleic acid variations in various samples. This variance might exhibit a clear tendency to be localized in the community acquired K. pneumoniae isolates. Fifteen ribosomal sequences were deposited at GenBank in accession numbers starts from OM992298 to OM992312.
Effect of Liver Enzymes, Oxidative Stress and Vitamin D3 in Psoriatic Patients
Authors: AL-Fayyadh Mohanad S. 
Published: July 2023

Psoriasis is one of the skin’s chronic inflammatory diseases. Psoriasis etiology isn’t exactly known. Recently, it has been suggested that the imbalances in oxidant-antioxidant status happening because of the increase in reactive oxygen species production (ROS) and/or deficient function regarding the antioxidant system might be included in psoriasis pathogenesis. The major goal is to evaluate the antioxidant defense status in patients experiencing psoriasis and oxidative stresses represented by malondialdehyde (MDA) level and evaluate liver enzymes and vitamin D3. There are some tests of biochemical parameters and vitamins (GSH, MDA, VitD3, SOD, GPx, CAT, AST, ALT, and ALP) are conducted on 35 patients experiencing psoriasis. The results indicated that the significant increase in MDA in psoriatic patients in comparison to the control at (P<0.05), while the level of glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and catalase (CAT) decreased significantly in psoriatic subjects compare to control. No significances differences in levels of liver enzymes in psoriatic patients compared to the control group.
Strong Laws of Large Numbers for Weighted Sums of Hilbert-valued Coordinatewise PNQD Random Variables with Applications
Authors: Van Chien Ta , Khanh Hang Bui , Thi Thuy Lien Bui 
Published: July 2023

The aim of this paper is to investigate results on almost sure convergence of weighted sums of coordinatewise pairwise negatively quadrant dependent random variables taking values in Hilbert spaces. As an application, the almost sure convergence of degenerate von Mises-statistics is investigated.
Keywords: Negative quadrant dependence, Hilbert spaces, Weighted sums, Strong laws of large numbers.
Penerapan Teori Keadilan Terhadap Pembagian Harta Bersama Pasca Perceraian
Authors: Utami Safira Maharani Putri , Dalimunthe Siti Nurul Intan Sari 
Published: July 2023

<p><em>This research aims to examine the application of the division of marital assets after divorce by analyzing the case in decision number 2802/Pdt.G/2018/Dpk. The focus of this research is on the division of marital assets and how the theory of justice is applied in the division process. This research is important as it highlights the division of marital assets as a sensitive issue in society, and the importance of justice as a key factor in the division that can influence court decisions. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the factors considered by the panel of judges in cases involving the division of marital assets. This research adopts a normative legal research method by analyzing the applicable legal regulations and supported by other legal materials, including primary, secondary, and tertiary legal sources. The findings of this research indicate that the existing regulations governing the division of marital assets do not fully meet the criteria of justice for wives who bear a double burden in marriage. Judges are allowed to deviate from existing laws and engage in contra legem practices to achieve justice for all parties involved in the marriage.</em></p><p> </p><p>Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengkaji penerapan terhadap pembagian harta bersama pasca perceraian dengan menganalisis perkara pada putusan Nomor 2802/Pdt.G/2018/Dpk. Penelitian ini berfokus pada pembagian atas harta bersama dan bagaimana teori keadilan diterapkan dalam proses pembagian tersebut. Penelitian ini menjadi penting dengan menyoroti pembagian harta bersama sebagai isu yang cukup sensitif dalam masyarakat dan pentingnya keadilan sebagai faktor utama dalam pembagian tersebut yang dapat mempengaruhi keputusan pengadilan. Maka dari itu, dirasa perlu adanya urgensi untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor pertimbangan oleh majelis hakim dalam kasus pembagian atas harta bersama. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif (yuridis normatif) dengan menganalisis peraturan-peraturan hukum yang berlaku dengan didukung oleh bahan hukum lainnya, antara lain bahan hukum primer, sekunder, serta tersier. Hasil dari penelitian ini menjelaskan bahwa peraturan yang telah diundangkan yang mengatur mengenai pembagian atas harta bersama belum sepenuhnya memenuhi kriteria keadilan bagi istri yang memiliki beban ganda dalam perkawinan. Hakim dalam memutuskan terkait diizinkan untuk melanggar hukum yang ada dengan melakukan <em>contra legem</em> guna mencapai keadilan bagi semua pihak dalam perkawinan.</p><p> </p><p align="center"><em> </em></p><p align="center"> </p><p><em> </em></p>
The Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Ligands for C-Type Lectin Receptors
Authors:   , Khan Ayesha 
Published: July 2023

<p>Macrophage inducible C-type lectin (Mincle), expressed on antigen presenting cells (APCs), is an important player in innate immunity due to its capacity to recognise pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), which are involved in pathogen recognition and in tissue homeostasis, respectively. Several ligands can bind Mincle and activate APCs to generate an inflammatory immune response, with prominent examples including the mycobacterial glycolipid, trehalose dimycolate (TDM), and the synthetic analogue thereof, trehalose dibehenate (TDB). Trehalose glycolipids exhibit anti-tumour properties and an ability to switch the phenotype of macrophages from one that is tumour promoting to one that is tumour suppressive. Insomuch, Mincle ligands have potential as adjuvants for both prophylactic and therapeutic (e.g. cancer) vaccines. Maradolipids, which were originally extracted from the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, are glycolipids containing trehalose with symmetrical or asymmetrical iso-branched and straight chain fatty acids. The incorporation of the iso-branch makes them distinct from linear trehalose diesters (TDEs) and might provide the compounds with enhanced immunomodulatory properties. </p>