bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improved weed mapping in corn fields by combining UAV‐based spectral, textural, structural, and thermal measurements
Authors: Xu Binyuan , Meng Ran , Chen Gengshen , Liang Linlin , Lv Zhengang , Zhou Longfei , Sun Rui , Zhao Feng , Yang Wanneng 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDSpatial‐explicit weed information is critical for controlling weed infestation and reducing corn yield losses. The development of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)‐based remote sensing presents an unprecedented opportunity for efficient, timely weed mapping. Spectral, textural, and structural measurements have been used for weed mapping, whereas thermal measurements—for example, canopy temperature (CT)—were seldom considered and used. In this study, we quantified the optimal combination of spectral, textural, structural, and CT measurements based on different machine‐learning algorithms for weed mapping.RESULTSCT improved weed‐mapping accuracies as complementary information for spectral, textural, and structural features (up to 5% and 0.051 improvements in overall accuracy [OA] and Marco‐F1, respectively). The fusion of textural, structural, and thermal features achieved the best performance in weed mapping (OA = 96.4%, Marco‐F1 = 0.964), followed by the fusion of structural and thermal features (OA = 93.6%, Marco‐F1 = 0.936). The Support Vector Machine‐based model achieved the best performance in weed mapping, with 3.5% and 7.1% improvements in OA and 0.036 and 0.071 in Marco‐F1 respectively, compared with the best models of Random Forest and Naïve Bayes Classifier.CONCLUSIONThermal measurement can complement other types of remote‐sensing measurements and improve the weed‐mapping accuracy within the data‐fusion framework. Importantly, integrating textural, structural, and thermal features achieved the best performance for weed mapping. Our study provides a novel method for weed mapping using UAV‐based multisource remote sensing measurements, which is critical for ensuring crop production in precision agriculture. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Penoxsulam‐resistant barnyardgrass‐mediated rhizosphere microbial communities affect the growth of rice
Authors: Zhao Huan‐Huan , Li Hong‐Yu , Kong Chui‐Hua 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe incidence of herbicide‐resistant barnyardgrass is escalating in paddy fields, yet the interactions between resistant weeds and rice are largely unknown. The microbiota of herbicide‐resistant barnyardgrass rhizosphere soil is critical for both barnyardgrass and rice fitness.RESULTSRice has different biomass allocation and root traits in the presence of penoxsulam‐resistant versus penoxsulam‐susceptible barnyardgrass or in their conditioned soil. Compared to susceptible barnyardgrass, resistant barnyardgrass led to an allelopathic increase in rice root, shoot, and whole‐plant biomasses. Resistant barnyardgrass recruited distinct core and unique microbes in rhizosphere soil compared to susceptible barnyardgrass. In particular, resistant barnyardgrass assembled more Proteobacteria and Ascomycota to enhance plant stress tolerance. Furthermore, the root exudates from resistant and susceptible barnyardgrass were responsible for the assembly and establishment of the root microbial structure. Importantly, (−)‐loliolide and jasmonic acid in root exudates were correlated with the core microbes in the rhizosphere soil.CONCLUSIONThe interference of barnyardgrass with rice can be mediated by rhizosphere microbial communities. Biotype‐specific variation in the ability to generate soil microbial communities appears to ameliorate the negative consequences for rice growth, providing an intriguing possibility for modulation of the rhizosphere microbiota to increase crop productivity and sustainability. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Pharmacokinetic‐pharmacodynamic model of urinary δ‐aminolevulinic acid reduction after givosiran treatment in patients with acute hepatic porphyria
Authors: Lee Jongtae , Melch Megan , Robbie Gabriel J. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractGivosiran, an RNA interference‐based therapeutic, is a recent addition to the limited treatment armamentarium for acute hepatic porphyria (AHP). As a small interfering RNA that is selectively taken up in the liver, both the mechanism and targeted delivery create a complex relationship between givosiran pharmacokinetics (PK) and the pharmacodynamic (PD) response. Using pooled data from phase I–III clinical trials of givosiran, we developed a semimechanistic PK/PD model to describe the relationship between predicted liver and RNA‐induced silencing complex concentrations of givosiran and the associated reduction in synthesis of δ‐aminolevulinic acid (ALA), a toxic heme intermediate that accumulates in patients with AHP, contributing to disease pathogenesis. Model development included quantification of variability and evaluation of covariate effects. The final model was used to assess the adequacy of the recommended givosiran dosing regimen across demographic and clinical subgroups. The population PK/PD model adequately described the time course of urinary ALA reduction with various dosing regimens of givosiran, the interindividual variability across a wide range of givosiran doses (0.035–5 mg/kg), and the influence of patient characteristics. None of the covariates tested had a clinically relevant effect on PD response that would necessitate dose adjustment. For patients with AHP, including adults, adolescents, and patients with mild to moderate renal impairment or mild hepatic impairment, the 2.5‐mg/kg once monthly dosing regimen of givosiran results in clinically meaningful ALA lowering, reducing the risk for AHP attacks.
Eradication of post‐lobectomy mucormycosis and bacterial empyema with intrapleural antimicrobial therapy in a patient with surgically resected Mycobacterium xenopi (non‐tuberculous Mycobacteria) pulmonary infection
Authors: Wigston Charlotte , Woolnough Emily , Otome Ohide , Sanders Lucas , Fysh Edward 
Published: March 2023

AbstractEmpyema thoracis is a collection of pus in the pleural space associated with pleural fibrin deposition. Treatment involves systemic antimicrobials, pleural drainage, intrapleural enzymes and sometimes decortication. Our case is a 57‐year‐old gentleman who developed chronic mucormycosis (Cunninghamella sp.) and bacterial (Enterococcus sp.) empyema in a high‐risk post‐lobectomy space in the setting of a non‐expandable lung following non‐tuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) infection. The patient did not tolerate antimicrobial therapy for progressive pulmonary NTM infection, and required lobectomy, complicated by polymicrobial empyema. He did not respond to systemic treatment and long‐term intercostal catheter drainage and therefore intrapleural taurolidine‐citrate, and enzyme therapy was used to help eradicate infection. Intrapleural antifungals and taurolidine‐citrate in combination with long‐term antifungal therapy may help eradicate infection in patients with fungal empyemas. Further studies investigating the safety of taurolidine‐citrate in pleural catheters are needed.
An abundant sea anemone from the Carboniferous Mazon Creek Lagerstӓtte, USA
Authors: Plotnick Roy E. , Young Graham A. , Hagadorn James W. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSea anemones (Actiniaria) are among the rarest of recognized fossil organisms, even rarer than jellyfish. Here we demonstrate that the most abundant fossil in the Pennsylvanian Mazon Creek Lagerstätte of Illinois, Essexella asherae, is an infaunal or semi‐infaunal anemone. Essexella is redescribed based on a taphonomic analysis of thousands of specimens, as well as associated medusae and trace fossils. Specimens of Essexella (also known as the ‘blobs’) were long believed to be medusae, but we reassign Essexella to the order Actiniaria and reinterpret the putative jellyfish Reticulomedusa as the pedal or oral disc of Essexella. We also implicate Essexella as a producer of Conostichus, a widespread plug‐shaped trace fossil that occurs in coeval strata in the same region. Radiate structures comparable to the bases of Conostichus and the ichnofossil Bergaueria, as well as the pedal discs of modern anemones, characterize Reticulomedusa. Bona fide medusae are present in the Mazon Creek biota, and include Anthracomedusa turnbulli and Octomedusa pieckorum, whereas the soft‐bodied fossil Lascoa mesostaurata is referred to Problematica.
A Porous Hydrogen‐Bonded Organic Framework Material for the Sustained Release of Ibuprofen
Authors: Zhu Yunlong , Zhang Wei , Chen Faqiang , Shen Penglei , Xu Shiqing , Xu Hui 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDesign and synthesis of drug delivery carrier for targeted and controlled drug release is very vital but challenging. In this work, based on organic ligand molecule 2,4,6‐tris(4‐carboxyphenyl)aniline (BTB‐NH2), a porous hydrogen‐bonded organic framework material HOF‐BTB‐NH2 was designed and synthesized for targeted drug delivery. The anti‐inflammatory drug Ibuprofen (IBU) was effectively loaded in the HOF‐BTB‐NH2, and it took 6 hours to release IBU completely in PBS buffer solution. This work demonstrates that the porous HOF materials are promising candidates for targeted drug delivery applications.
Rapidity-only TMD factorization at one loop
Authors: Balitsky Ian 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Typically, a production of a particle with a small transverse momentum in hadron-hadron collisions is described by CSS-based TMD factorization at moderate Bjorken xB ~ 1 and by kT-factorization at small xB. A uniform description valid for all xB is provided by rapidity-only TMD factorization developed in a series of recent papers at the tree level. In this paper the rapidity-only TMD factorization for particle production by gluon fusion is extended to the one-loop level.
Optimizing pixel tracklet searches for shorter lifetimes
Authors: Gignac Matthew , Kilic Can , Mahbubani Rakhi , Youn Taewook 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Pixel tracklets, disappearing tracks reconstructed with only pixel hits, have proven to be a promising technique in LHC analyses to search for dark matter candidates at the LHC that belong to a nearly-degenerate electroweak multiplet. However, a Pseudo-Dirac electroweak doublet fermion, arguably the most interesting such possibility, has a shorter lifetime and therefore existing tracklet searches are less sensitive in this case. We assess the performance of a tracklet search optimized for shorter lifetimes by requiring only three pixel hits for the tracklet reconstruction, and by demanding an accompanying soft track for suppressing backgrounds. We estimate how far the sensitivity of existing searches can be extended into the region of parameter space with this optimized search.
Non-Lorentzian Kač-Moody algebras
Authors: Bagchi Arjun , Chatterjee Ritankar , Kaushik Rishabh , Saha Amartya , Sarkar Debmalya 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
We investigate two dimensional (2d) quantum field theories which exhibit Non-Lorentzian Kač-Moody (NLKM) algebras as their underlying symmetry. Our investigations encompass both 2d Galilean (speed of light c → ∞) and Carrollian (c → 0) CFTs with additional number of infinite non-Abelian currents, stemming from an isomorphism between the two algebras. We alternate between an intrinsic and a limiting analysis. Our NLKM algebra is constructed first through a contraction and then derived from an intrinsically Carrollian perspective. We then go on to use the symmetries to derive a Non-Lorentzian (NL) Sugawara construction and ultimately write down the NL equivalent of the Knizhnik Zamolodchikov equations. All of these are also derived from contractions, thus providing a robust cross-check of our analyses.
Three dimensional regular black string via loop corrections
Authors: Ying Shuxuan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
It is well known that some spacetime singularities of low energy effective action can be resolved by the effective loop corrections. However, the known potentials for the loop corrections fail to regulate the singularity of three dimensional black string. An alternative method is to introduce an extra flat spatial direction and boost away the singularity by using the O(d, d) rotation with the special Kalb-Ramond field. In this paper, we investigate a new set of non-local dilaton potentials for the effective loop corrections. The result shows that the singularity of three dimensional black string can be consistently resolved by the loop corrections.
On the K-theory of regular coconnective rings
Authors: Burklund Robert , Levy Ishan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe show that for a coconnective ring spectrum satisfying regularity and flatness assumptions, its algebraic K-theory agrees with that of its $$\pi _0$$

π
0

. We prove this as a consequence of a more general devissage result for stable infinity categories. Applications of our result include giving general conditions under which K-theory preserves pushouts, generalizations of $$\mathbb {A}^n$$

A

n

-invariance of K-theory, and an understanding of the K-theory of categories of unipotent local systems.
Prävention des plötzlichen Säuglingstods (SIDS, „sudden infant death syndrome“, ICD 10: R95)
Authors: Poets Christian F. ,   GNPI, DGSM, Paditz Ekkehart ,   DGSM, GEPS Landesverbände Baden-Württemberg, Rheinland-Pfalz, Saarland, Erler Thomas ,   DGSM, DGKJ, Hübler Axel ,   DGSM, Jückstock Julia ,   DGGG, Quante Mirja ,   DGSM, Pauluschke-Fröhlich Jan ,   DGGG, Schlüter Bernhard ,   DGSM, Hoch Bernhard ,   DGSM, Kerzel Sebastian ,   DGSM, Abou-Dakn Michael ,   DGPM, Schneider Barbara ,   DGSM, Wiater Alfred ,   DGSM
Published: March 2023

ZusammenfassungDieser Beitrag fasst die Datenlage zu den wichtigsten Handlungsanweisungen für Eltern bezüglich der Gewährleistung einer sicheren Schlafumgebung für Säuglinge zusammen. Hierzu gehören folgende: 1. Legen Sie Ihr Kind zum Schlafen auf den Rücken; benutzen Sie dabei eine feste und waagerechte Unterlage. 2. Legen Sie Ihr Kind tagsüber, solange es wach ist und Sie es gut beobachten können, regelmäßig für kurze Zeit auch auf den Bauch. 3. Vermeiden Sie Überwärmung: Während der Nacht ist eine Raumtemperatur von 18 °C optimal, anstelle einer Bettdecke empfiehlt sich die Verwendung eines Baby-Schlafsacks in altersentsprechender Größe. 4. Falls Sie keinen Schlafsack verwenden möchten, achten Sie darauf, dass Ihr Kind nicht mit dem Kopf unter die Bettdecke rutschen kann, indem Sie es so ins Bett legen, dass es mit den Füßen am Fußende anstößt. 6. Verzichten Sie auf Kopfkissen, Fellunterlagen, „Nestchen“, gepolsterte Bettumrandungen und größere Kuscheltiere, mit denen sich Ihr Kind überdecken könnte. 7. Wickeln Sie Ihr Kind zum Schlafen nicht fest ein. 8. lassen Sie Ihr Kind bei sich im Zimmer, aber im eigenen Kinderbett schlafen. 9. Achten Sie auf eine rauchfreie Umgebung für Ihr Kind auch schon während der gesamten Schwangerschaft. 10. Stillen Sie im 1. Lebensjahr, möglichst mindestens 4 bis 6 Monate. 11. Bieten Sie Ihrem Kind zum Schlafengehen einen Schnuller an. 12. Diese Empfehlungen gelten auch für die Zeit unmittelbar nach Geburt: Sollte Ihr Kind auf Ihrem Körper liegen, achten Sie darauf, dass es stets freie Atemwege hat.
Manual assembly and Human–Robot Collaboration in repetitive assembly processes: a structured comparison based on human-centered performances
Authors: Gervasi Riccardo , Capponi Matteo , Mastrogiacomo Luca , Franceschini Fiorenzo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHuman–Robot Collaboration (HRC) represents an innovative solution able to enhance quality and adaptability of production processes. However, to fully exploit the benefits of HRC, human factors must be also taken into account. A novel experimental setting involving a repetitive assembly process is presented to investigate the effects of prolonged HRC on user experience and performance. Each participant was involved in two 4-h shifts: a manual assembly setting and a HRC one. The response variables collected in the study included self-reported affective state, perceived body discomfort, perceived workload, physiological signals for stress (i.e., heart rate variability and electrodermal activity), process and product defectiveness. Experimental results showed less upper limb exertion in the HRC setting, emphasizing the contribution of cobots in improving physical ergonomics in repetitive processes. Furthermore, results showed reduced mental effort, stress, and fewer process defects in the HRC setting, highlighting how collaborative robotics can improve process quality by supporting operators from a cognitive point of view in repetitive processes.
Role of Mn2+ ion in the optimization of the structural and dielectric properties of Co–Zn ferrite
Authors: Rady K. E. , El-Salam Asmaa Reda Abd , ELFadaly Ezzat A. , Aly M. H. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMn-substituted Co–Zn ferrite nanomaterials with the general form Co0.8−x Mnx Zn0.2 Fe2O4 (x = 0.0, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3) were prepared using the coprecipitation method. Based on X-ray diffraction, it can be confirmed that all samples have a single-phase cubic structure with an average crystallite size ranging from 23.46 to 32.66 nm. In addition, the lattice parameter increased from 8.32 to 8.37 Å. In this study, the theoretical density was calculated, and the Fourier-transform infrared spectra of the prepared samples were investigated. Further, the cation distribution of the system was estimated. The proposed cation distribution was confirmed by calculating the theoretical lattice parameter and comparing it with the experimental lattice parameter. We conducted transmission electron microscopy to confirm the obtained particle size. At room temperature, the electrical measurements of the prepared samples were performed using the LCR circuit as a function of frequency up to 5 MHz. In this study, we obtained enhanced dielectric properties by substituting Mn ions in the Co–Zn ferrite. As the Mn concentration increases, the AC resistivity of the samples increases. Consequently, the dielectric loss decreases, and its minimum value can be observed at x = 0.2, making the Co–Mn–Zn ferrite suitable for applications in the microwave frequency range. The results show that all dielectric properties exhibit a normal behavior with frequency. We obtained an improvement in the dielectric properties of the prepared samples, making them suitable for use in high-frequency applications due to the substitution by Mn ions.
Surgical management of colorectal liver metastases—a practical clinical approach
Authors: Dong Yawen , Gruenberger Thomas 
Published: March 2023

Summary
Background
Despite the remarkable advances that have been made in the management of colorectal cancer over recent years, the optimal treatment for colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) remains a controversial matter. Undoubtedly, such a complex disease requires a multidisciplinary approach, in which close collaboration between all specialists involved in its management is of utmost importance.

Methods
A literature search was conducted in PubMed. There was no limit set to the date of publication. The main focus of the literature review is to provide a comprehensive summary of the current multidisciplinary management of CRLM while highlighting the surgical approach.

Results
Assessment of resectability, evaluation of the patient’s fitness, and discussion of clinicopathological features all play a vital role in finding the most suitable treatment strategy for CRLM patients, who should all be timely discussed in the multidisciplinary tumor board, in order to decide upon the optimal therapy sequence, operative time window, and postoperative treatment.

Conclusion
Although hepatic resection remains the only potentially curative treatment strategy for patients with CRLM, a multidisciplinary approach is essential for optimal treatment. A clear definition of treatment goal (curative vs. palliative) at the time of disease diagnosis determines the further therapeutic course. Preoperative estimation of liver functional reserve is a key factor in the decision-making process for CRLM resectability.
Educational Inequalities at the Intersection of Multiple Social Categories: A﻿n Introduction and Systematic Review of the Multilevel Analysis of Individual Heterogeneity and Discriminatory Accuracy (MAIHDA) Approach
Authors: Keller Lena , Lüdtke Oliver , Preckel Franzis , Brunner Martin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntersectional approaches have become increasingly important for explaining educational inequalities because they help to improve our understanding of how individual experiences are shaped by simultaneous membership in multiple social categories that are associated with interconnected systems of power, privilege, and oppression. For years, there has been a call in psychological and educational research for quantitative approaches that can account for the intersection of multiple social categories. The present paper introduces the Multilevel Analysis of Individual Heterogeneity and Discriminatory Accuracy (MAIHDA) approach, a novel intersectional approach from epidemiology, to study educational inequalities. The MAIHDA approach uses a multilevel model as the statistical framework to define intersectional strata that represent individuals’ membership in multiple social categories. By partitioning the variance within and between intersectional strata, the MAIHDA approach allows identifying intersectional effects at the strata level as well as obtaining information on the discriminatory accuracy of these strata for predicting individual educational outcomes. Compared to conventional quantitative intersectional approaches, MAIHDA analyses have several advantages, including better scalability for higher dimensions, model parsimony, and precision-weighted estimates of strata with small sample sizes. We provide a systematic review of its past application and illustrate its use by analyzing inequalities in reading achievement across 40 unique intersectional strata (combining the social categories of gender, immigrant background, parental education, and parental occupational status) using data from 15-year-old students in Germany (N = 5451). We conclude that the MAIHDA approach is a valuable intersectional tool to study inequalities in educational contexts.
Leaving the City: Counterurbanisation and Internal Return Migration in Sweden
Authors: Sandow Erika , Lundholm Emma 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis paper examines counterurban migration among young families with children in Sweden and the extent to which these moves reflect return migration, recognising the role of family members and family roots at the destination from a life course perspective. Drawing on register data for all young families with children leaving the Swedish metropolitan areas during the years 2003–2013, we analyse the pattern of counterurban moves and explore how the families’ socioeconomic characteristics, childhood origins, and links to family networks are associated with becoming a counterurban mover and choice of destination. The results show that four out of ten counterurban movers are former urban movers who choose to return to their home region. Among them, almost all have family at the destination, indicating that family ties are important for counterurban migration. In general, urban residents with a background outside metropolitan areas are much more likely to become counterurban movers. Families’ previous residential experiences during childhood, particularly in rural areas, are found to be associated with the residential environment they choose to resettle in when leaving the big city. Counterurban movers making a return move are similar to other counterurban movers in relation to employment status, but tend to be better off economically and move longer distances than other counterurban movers.