bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Galangin Targets HSP90β to Alleviate Ulcerative Colitis by Controlling Fatty Acid Synthesis and Subsequent NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation
Authors: Yang Ling , Ma Xing‐yu , Mu Ke‐xin , Dai Yue , Xia Yu‐feng , Wei Zhi‐feng 
Published: April 2023

ScopeThe purpose of this research is to investigate the specific role of HSP90 paralogs in ulcerative colitis (UC), and to explore the mechanisms behind the inhibitory effects of galangin (Gal) on UC by inhibiting HSP90β in vivo.Methods and resultsIn order to achieve this, publicly available gene expression data and molecular biology techniques are used. The results show that the expression of HSP90β is significantly increased in the mucosal biopsies of UC patients and in the colons of colitis mice, and that there is a significant correlation between HSP90β levels and disease severity. Then, Gal is found to bind directly to HSP90β and downregulates the level of p‐AKT, as well as the stability and oligomerization of HSP90β, indicating Gal as an HSP90β inhibitor. Moreover, the findings reveal that HSP90β plays a critical role in controlling UC, and that Gal can alleviate colitis by inhibiting HSP90β and perturbing fatty acid synthesis‐mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation.ConclusionThese results not only provide insight into the potential therapeutic use of Gal in the treatment of UC, but also offer new perspectives on the role of HSP90β in this disease.
Investigation on the bending behaviors of reinforced thermoplastic pipes using a strain energy equivalence method and a continuum damage numerical model
Authors: Ding Xindong , Liu Wencheng , Wang Shuqing , Bu Jiarun 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis paper investigates the bending stiffness and progressive failure of reinforced thermoplastic pipes (RTPs) under bending loads, in which a theoretical method based on the strain energy equivalence of multi‐layered anisotropic cylinders, is proposed. The bending stiffness and stress field was derived from the equilibrium between the work done by bending moments and the strain energy. This new method could consider the hybrid of isotropic and anisotropic materials and improve computation efficiency significantly. To verify the theoretical method, Abaqus/Explicit quasi‐static analysis on 3D composite elements was performed, in which the progressive failure was considered by using a VUMAT subroutine. The degradation of composites was implemented by a nonlinear stiffness degradation model based on the Hashin‐Yeh failure criterion. The comparison showed that the theoretical results are slightly conservative as the theoretical method neglects the contribution of interlayer interactions. Meanwhile, it can accurately predict the dominant stresses of each composite lamina. According to numerical simulations, the fiber tensile failure, the matrix tensile and compressive failure are the dominant failure modes of RTPs under bending loads. Furthermore, the effects of the winding angles of fibers on damage propagation and the effects of the initial ovality on the bending stiffness are also discussed.
Influence of alkali treatment on the interfacial shear strength of Agave lechuguilla fiber and its significance as a reinforcing material in polymer composites for mechanical applications
Authors: Majhi Sudhakar , Pradhan Subhrajit , Prakash Ved , Acharya Samir Kumar 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe aim of the research work was to fabricate the short Agave lechuguilla (AL) fiber‐reinforced epoxy composite and to improve its mechanical strengths. In order to do that, a single fiber pullout test was conducted to evaluate the critical length of the AL fiber and its interfacial shear strength (IFSS) in epoxy resin. To improve the IFSS, AL fibers were treated with varying concentrations (5%, 10%, and 15%) of NaOH, and it was found that 5% NaOH treatment exhibits excellent tensile strength and IFSS. Fibers treated with 5% NaOH and untreated fibers were used separately as reinforcement materials varying between 10% and 40% with a 10 wt% step in composites fabrication. The tensile strength, flexural strength, and modulus of the composites were evaluated as per ASTM standards. The results reveal that the composites reinforced with 30 wt% of untreated AL fibers give maximum tensile and flexural strength. When 5% NaOH‐treated fibers were used as reinforcement instead of untreated fibers, their tensile and flexural strength improved by 8.14% and 7.88%, respectively. To investigate the fracture mechanism of the tested samples, the specimen's fractured surfaces were analyzed using scanning electron microscope and reported in this paper.
Front Cover Image
Authors: Spalthoff Christian , Salgado Vincent L. , Balu Narayanan , David Michael D. , Hehlert Philip , Huang Huazhang , Jones John E. , Kandasamy Ramani , Knudsen Gabriel A. , Lelito Katherine R. , Machamer James B. , Nesterov Alexandre , Tomalski Michael , Wahl Gregory D. , Wedel Barbara J. , Göpfert Martin C. 
Published: April 2023

The cover image is based on the Research Article The novel pyridazine pyrazolecarboxamide insecticide dimpropyridaz inhibits chordotonal organ function upstream of TRPV channels by Christian Spalthoff et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.7352
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Proteomic profiling demonstrates inflammatory and endotheliopathy signatures associated with impaired cardiopulmonary exercise hemodynamic profile in Post Acute Sequelae of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection (PASC) syndrome
Authors: Singh Inderjit , Leitner Brooks P. , Wang Yiwei , Zhang Hanming , Joseph Phillip , Lutchmansingh Denyse D. , Gulati Mridu , Possick Jennifer D. , Damsky William , Hwa John , Heerdt Paul M. , Chun Hyung J. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractApproximately 50% of patients who recover from the acute SARS‐CoV‐2 experience Post Acute Sequelae of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection (PASC) syndrome. The pathophysiological hallmark of PASC is characterized by impaired system oxygen extraction (EO2) on invasive cardiopulmonary exercise test (iCPET). However, the mechanistic insights into impaired EO2 remain unclear. We studied 21 consecutive iCPET in PASC patients with unexplained exertional intolerance. PASC patients were dichotomized into mildly reduced (EO2peak‐mild) and severely reduced (EO2peak‐severe) EO2 groups according to the median peak EO2 value. Proteomic profiling was performed on mixed venous blood plasma obtained at peak exercise during iCPET. PASC patients as a group exhibited depressed peak exercise aerobic capacity (peak VO2; 85 ± 18 vs. 131 ± 45% predicted; p = 0.0002) with normal systemic oxygen delivery, DO2 (37 ± 9 vs. 42 ± 15 mL/kg/min; p = 0.43) and reduced EO2 (0.4 ± 0.1 vs. 0.8 ± 0.1; p < 0.0001). PASC patients with EO2peak‐mild exhibited greater DO2 compared to those with EO2peak‐severe [42.9 (34.2–41.2) vs. 32.1 (26.8–38.0) mL/kg/min; p = 0.01]. The proteins with increased expression in the EO2peak‐severe group were involved in inflammatory and fibrotic processes. In the EO2peak‐mild group, proteins associated with oxidative phosphorylation and glycogen metabolism were elevated. In PASC patients with impaired EO2, there exist a spectrum of PASC phenotype related to differential aberrant protein expression and cardio‐pulmonary physiologic response. PASC patients with EO2peak‐severe exhibit a maladaptive physiologic and proteomic signature consistent with persistent inflammatory state and endothelial dysfunction, while in the EO2peak‐mild group, there is enhanced expression of proteins involved in oxidative phosphorylation‐mediated ATP synthesis along with an enhanced cardiopulmonary physiological response.
Impact of l‐citrulline on nitric oxide signaling and arginase activity in hypoxic human pulmonary artery endothelial cells
Authors: Douglass Matthew S. , Kaplowitz Mark R. , Zhang Yongmei , Fike Candice D. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractImpaired nitric oxide (NO) signaling contributes to the development of pulmonary hypertension (PH). The l‐arginine precursor, l‐citrulline, improves NO signaling and has therapeutic potential in PH. However, there is evidence that l‐citrulline might increase arginase activity, which in turn, has been shown to contribute to PH. Our major purpose was to determine if l‐citrulline increases arginase activity in hypoxic human pulmonary artery endothelial cells (PAECs). In addition, to avoid potential adverse effects from high dose l‐citrulline monotherapy, we evaluated whether the effect on NO signaling is greater using co‐treatment with l‐citrulline and another agent that improves NO signaling, folic acid, than either alone. Arginase activity was measured in human PAECs cultured under hypoxic conditions in the presence of l‐citrulline (0–1 mM). NO production and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) coupling, as assessed by eNOS dimer‐to‐monomer ratios, were measured in PAECs treated with l‐citrulline and/or folic acid (0.2 μM). Arginase activity increased in hypoxic PAECs treated with 1 mM but not with either 0.05 or 0.1 mM l‐citrulline. Co‐treatment with folic acid and 0.1 mM l‐citrulline increased NO production and eNOS dimer‐to‐monomer ratios more than treatment with either alone. The potential to increase arginase activity suggests that there might be plasma l‐citrulline concentrations that should not be exceeded when using l‐citrulline to treat PH. Rather than progressively increasing the dose of l‐citrulline as a monotherapy, co‐therapy with l‐citrulline and folic acid merits consideration, due to the possibility of achieving efficacy at lower doses and minimizing side effects.
Inclusive production of J/ψ, ψ(2S), and Υ states in pNRQCD
Authors: Brambilla Nora , Chung Hee Sok , Vairo Antonio , Wang Xiang-Peng 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Under some assumptions on the hierarchy of relevant energy scales, we compute the nonrelativistic QCD (NRQCD) long-distance matrix elements (LDMEs) for inclusive production of J/ψ, ψ(2S), and Υ states based on the potential NRQCD (pNRQCD) effective field theory. Based on the pNRQCD formalism, we obtain expressions for the LDMEs in terms of the quarkonium wavefunctions at the origin and universal gluonic correlators, which do not depend on the heavy quark flavor or the radial excitation. This greatly reduces the number of nonperturbative unknowns and substantially enhances the predictive power of the nonrelativistic effective field theory formalism. We obtain improved determinations of the LDMEs for J/ψ, ψ(2S), and Υ states thanks to the universality of the gluonic correlators, and obtain phenomenological results for cross sections and polarizations at large transverse momentum that agree well with measurements at the LHC.
Revolutionising dual language learning for young learners with the RILCA app: a mobile-assisted approach
Authors: Wiboolyasarin Watcharapol , Jinowat Nattawut 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe rising popularity of mobile technologies has led to an increase in mobile-assisted language learning, in which students can independently learn any language at any time they choose. However, research into the efficacy of such studies for dual-language learning has been restricted, notably in regard to a researcher-created mobile learning application (app). This paper reports on a study that examined the dual-language development of 146 young Thai pupils from three different primary schools who participated in a fifteen-week language instruction experiment through the use of the RILCA app. They were assigned to either an experimental group (mobile-supported class) with RILCA-based activity or a control group (conventional class) that performed traditional activity. At the conclusion of the experiment, a dual-language vocabulary, sentence, and grammatical achievement test was conducted to see whether this mobile app increased the course's learning outcomes. The findings of the vocabulary, sentence, and grammatical comprehension tests reveal that the experimental group outperformed the control group. Implications for deploying the RILCA app to boost dual language learning in elementary schools are also discussed.
Estimating Arctic Ocean Acoustic Travel Times Using an Earth System Model
Authors: Niklasson S. M. , Veneziani M. , Rowe C. A. , Worcester P. F. , Dzieciuch M. A. , Bilek S. L. , Price S. F. , Roberts A. F. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe hydroacoustic environment of a rapidly warming Arctic Ocean will be impacted by interconnected changes in the physical environment and increased human activity. Previous acoustic calculations will need to be updated to reflect current and future conditions. Earth System Models are important tools for making projections of changes in a wide range of physical processes under future climates. We present a comparison of Arctic acoustic travel times based on output from the Department of Energy's Energy Exascale Earth System Model with measured travel times from the 2016–2017 Canada Basin Acoustic Propagation Experiment and with travel times predicted by empirical temperature and salinity observations. This comparison allows us to test the impact of changes in Arctic sound speed profiles on acoustic travel times and connects Arctic hydroacoustics with the changing Arctic environment as described by a climate model.
Heavy Southern China Spring Rainfall Promoted by Multi‐Year El Niño Events
Authors: Zhong Wenxiu , Wu Yuting , Yang Song , Ma Tianjiao , Cai Qingyu , Liu Qian 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSouthern China spring rainfall (SCSR) is significant for agricultural sowing and soil moisture accumulation before the rainy summer. A better prediction of the rainfall improves our ability to risk response to natural disasters. It is found that the SCSR can be promoted by multi‐year El Niño events through the high‐latitude pathway (HP) and low‐latitude pathway (LP). The long‐lasting El Niño warming heats the tropical troposphere persistently until the decaying spring, which strengthens the Arctic polar vortex and the mid‐latitude blockings. This HP is in favor of more southward transport of Rossby wave energy and cold air, resulting in strong ascending motions over southern China (SC) in spring. The multi‐year El Niño also induces an enhanced western North Pacific anticyclone and a secondary circulation transporting moisture to SC through the LP. The HP is more important in the early spring, while the LP dominates the heavy SCSR in the late spring.
An e-Coin Based Construction for Unlinkable Priced Oblivious Transfer
Authors: Borges Ricard , Sebé Francesc 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
A ‘1-out-of-n’ oblivious transfer (OT) protocol involves two participants: a sender, who provides a set of items as input, and a receiver. The protocol guarantees that the receiver gets exactly one of the items of the input set, while the sender is unable to determine which. Priced OT (POT) protocols further allow each item of the input set to be assigned a price in such a way that, after a proper execution of the protocol, the receiver gets the requested item if and only if the corresponding sum of money has been paid. In this paper, we present a construction which takes a ‘1-out-of-n’ OT protocol and transform it into a POT one. Moreover, the resulting system is unlinkable in the sense that the sender is unable to determine whether two executions of the protocol were run by the same receiver or not. When compared to existing unlinkable POT protocols, our construction offers a lower conceptual complexity as it does not involve the use of zero-knowledge proofs.
Characterization, molecular identification, and antimicrobial activity of lactic acid bacteria isolated from selected fermented foods and beverages in Malaysia
Authors: Haryani Yuli , Halid Nadrah Abd , Guat Goh Sur , Nor-Khaizura M A R , Hatta Asyraf , Sabri Suriana , Radu Son , Hasan Hanan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe present work investigated the profile and biodiversity of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from selected manufactured and homemade fermented foods in Malaysia. A total of 55 LAB were isolated from 20 samples, and identified based on the sequencing of 16S rRNA gene. The LAB isolates were identified as Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus (34.5%), Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (20%), Limosilactobacillus fermentum (20%), Lacticaseibacillus paracasei (12.7%), Lacticaseibacillus casei (3.6%), Lactobacillus sp. (1.8%), Enterococcus faecalis (3.6%), Enterococcus faecium (1.8%), and Enterococcus durans (1.8%). Majority (94%) of the LAB isolates exhibited broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against selected foodborne pathogens, and four isolates (L. fermentum SC1001, L. paracasei K2003, and L. rhamnosus KF1002 and MK2003) could produce bacteriocin-like inhibitory substance (BLIS). Lacticaseibacillus paracasei M1001 (homemade mozzarella) exhibited high-temperature tolerance and acid resistance, was homofermentative, and generated good antimicrobial activity, which strongly implied its potential for industrial applications. The present work results would potentially widen our knowledge of LAB diversity in Malaysian fermented foods and provide a potential for their applications in the food industry or other purposes.
Examining the impact of a leisure time intervention on participation in organized out-of-school activities among adolescents: a quasi-experimental study in Franklin County, KY, USA
Authors: Meyers C C A , Mann M J , Thorisdottir I E , Berry A , Sigfusson J , Sigfusdottir I D , Eggertsson G A , Kristjansson A L 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Guided by the Icelandic Prevention Model, a community-led coalition in Franklin County, KY, aimed to subsidize costs for participation in supervised organized leisure time programs among its youth via adaptation of the Reykjavik City Leisure Card program, locally known as the ‘YES Card’ voucher program. This study examined whether the proportion of students participating in supervised out-of-school activities and sports was higher in the YES Card intervention group compared to a similar group of youth who did not receive the voucher across two time points. Two waves of survey data were collected in one intervention middle school and two geographically and demographically similar comparison schools in 2020 (n for intervention = 112, n for comparison = 723) and 2021 (n for intervention = 134, n for comparison = 873). The expected age of students ranged between 12 and 15 years. Analyses were conducted using logistic regression. The YES Card receivers were two-and-a-half times more likely to participate in nonsport organized recreational activities [odds ratio, OR, 2.43 (95% confidence interval, CI, 1.07–5.52)] and almost twice as likely to participate in sports [OR: 1.91 (95%CI: 1.08–3.38)] over the 1-year study period, compared to non-YES Card youth. We conclude that Franklin County in KY in the USA has successfully adapted the Reykjavik City Leisure time voucher program.
Seasonal distribution and activity patterns of mesopredators and their prey in Southwest China
Authors: Bu Hongliang , Hopkins John B , Li Sheng , Wang Dajun 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Mesopredators play an important role in shaping communities, especially when apex predators are no longer present. To persist, mesopredators must confront competition by developing different coexistence strategies. In this study, we used detection and activity data derived from remote cameras to investigate the seasonal coexistence of mesopredators and their interactions with prey in a region of Southwest China where apex predators have been extirpated. We found that Siberian weasels (Mustela sibirica) occupied the entire study area, whereas masked palm civets (Paguma larvata) were restricted to &lt;1,900 m in fall, and expanded their ranges up by about 600 m in spring to likely prey on small mammals. We detected weasels at almost all locations where civets were present, but detection rates and activity patterns for both species suggested avoidance of larger-bodied civets by weasels. We found that weasels were active at all hours and overlapped with all prey both spatially and temporally, whereas civets were nocturnal and crepuscular, which only overlapped with murid rodents. Although we did not directly observe intraguild or predator–prey interactions, evidence suggested that masked palm civets and Siberian weasels seem to coexist due to different seasonal dietary preferences, hunting strategies, and activity patterns.
Antibodies against Histoplasma capsulatum and Aspergillus fumigatus among chronic TB patients in Indonesia: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Dewi Intan M W , Fauziah Nisa , Ekawardhani Savira , Andriyoko Basti , Adawiyah Robiatul , Hartantri Yovita , Soeroto Arto Yuwono , Alisjahbana Bachti , Denning David W , Wahyuningsih Retno 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Chronic pulmonary fungal infections may occur in patients with previous history of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB), and are often clinically misclassified as TB, especially when bacteriological confirmation for Mycobacterium tuberculosis is absent. In this study, we investigated the prevalence of antibody against Histoplasma capsulatum and Aspergillus fumigatus in patients with confirmed and clinically chronic TB.
Antibodies against H. capsulatum and A. fumigatus were measured from serum samples using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The presence M. tuberculosis in sputum was confirmed using smear microscopy, GeneXpert MTB/RIF assay, or culture.
Antibodies against H. capsulatum and A. fumigatus were elevated in 16.9% and 26.9% of bacteriologically confirmed chronic TB patients, and 12.1% and 18.2% in those without bacteriological confirmation, respectively. Approximately one-third of patients who had positive anti-Histoplasma antibody also had elevated levels of antibody against Aspergillus fumigatus (P &lt; .001). Our study highlights the importance of chronic pulmonary fungal infection in post-TB patients with recurrent respiratory symptoms.
Planet formation via pebble accretion in externally photoevaporating discs
Authors: Qiao Lin , Coleman Gavin A L , Haworth Thomas J 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
We demonstrate that planet formation via pebble accretion is sensitive to external photoevaporation of the outer disc. In pebble accretion, planets grow by accreting from a flux of solids (pebbles) that radially drift inwards from the pebble production front. If external photoevaporation truncates the outer disc fast enough, it can shorten the time before the pebble production front reaches the disc outer edge, cutting off the supply of pebble flux for accretion, hence limiting the pebble mass reservoir for planet growth. Conversely, cloud shielding can protect the disc from strong external photoevaporation and preserve the pebble reservoir. Because grain growth and drift can occur quickly, shielding even on a short time-scale (&lt;1 Myr) can have a non-linear impact on the properties of planets growing by pebble accretion. For example, a $10^{-3}\, \mathrm{ M}_{\oplus }$ planetary seed at 25 au stays at 25 au with a lunar mass if the disc is immediately irradiated by a 103 G0 field, but grows and migrates to be approximately Earth-like in both mass and orbital radius if the disc is shielded for just 1 Myr. In NGC 2024, external photoevaporation is thought to happen to discs that are &lt;0.5 Myr old, which coupled with the results here suggests that the exact planetary parameters can be very sensitive to the star-forming environment. Universal shielding for time-scales of at least ${\sim} 1.5\,$ Myr would be required to completely nullify the environmental impact on planetary architectures.