bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Meta-analysis of associations between childhood adversity and diurnal cortisol regulation
Authors: Perrone Laura , Thorpe Daneele , Shariat Panahi Grace , Kitagawa Yukihiro , Lindhiem Oliver , Bernard Kristin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractChildhood adversity has been associated with hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis dysregulation, which is associated with mental and physical health consequences. However, associations between childhood adversity and cortisol regulation in the current literature vary in magnitude and direction. This multilevel meta-analysis examines the association between childhood adversity and diurnal cortisol measures, as well as potential moderators of these effects (adversity timing and type, study or sample characteristics). A search was conducted in online databases PsycINFO and PubMed for papers written in English. After screening for exclusion criteria (papers examining animals, pregnant women, people receiving hormonal treatment, people with endocrine disorders, cortisol before age 2 months, or cortisol after an intervention), 303 papers were identified for inclusion. In total, 441 effect sizes were extracted from 156 manuscripts representing 104 studies. A significant overall effect was found between childhood adversity and bedtime cortisol, r = 0.047, 95% CI [0.005, 0.089], t = 2.231, p = 0.028. All other overall and moderation effects were not significant. The lack of overall effects may reflect the importance of the timing and nature of childhood adversity to adversity’s impact on cortisol regulation. Thus, we offer concrete recommendations for testing theoretical models linking early adversity and stress physiology.
A resampling-based method to evaluate NLI models
Authors: Salvatore Felipe de Souza , Finger Marcelo , Hirata Roberto , Patriota Alexandre G. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe recent progress of deep learning techniques has produced models capable of achieving high scores on traditional Natural Language Inference (NLI) datasets. To understand the generalization limits of these powerful models, an increasing number of adversarial evaluation schemes have appeared. These works use a similar evaluation method: they construct a new NLI test set based on sentences with known logic and semantic properties (the adversarial set), train a model on a benchmark NLI dataset, and evaluate it in the new set. Poor performance on the adversarial set is identified as a model limitation. The problem with this evaluation procedure is that it may only indicate a sampling problem. A machine learning model can perform poorly on a new test set because the text patterns presented in the adversarial set are not well represented in the training sample. To address this problem, we present a new evaluation method, the Invariance under Equivalence test (IE test). The IE test trains a model with sufficient adversarial examples and checks the model’s performance on two equivalent datasets. As a case study, we apply the IE test to the state-of-the-art NLI models using synonym substitution as the form of adversarial examples. The experiment shows that, despite their high predictive power, these models usually produce different inference outputs for equivalent inputs, and, more importantly, this deficiency cannot be solved by adding adversarial observations in the training data.
Choice architecture interventions promoting sustained healthier food choice and consumption by students in a secondary school setting: a systematic review of intervention studies
Authors: Schulte Eva Andrea , Winkler Gertrud , Brombach Christine , Buyken Anette E 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjective:To systematically review the impact of choice architecture interventions (CAI) on the food choice of healthy adolescents in a secondary school setting. Factors potentially contributing to the effectiveness of CAI types and numbers implemented and its long-term success were examined.Design:PUBMED and Web of Science were systematically searched in October 2021. Publications were included following predefined inclusion criteria and grouped according to the number and duration of implemented interventions. Intervention impact was determined by a systematic description of the reported quantitative changes in food choice and/or consumption. Intervention types were compared with regard to food selection and sustained effects either during or following the intervention.Setting:CAI on food choice of healthy adolescents in secondary schools.Participants:Not applicable.Results:Fourteen studies were included; four randomised controlled trials and five each of controlled or uncontrolled pre–post design, respectively. Four studies implemented a single CAI type, with ten implementing > 1. Three studies investigated CAI effects over the course of a school year either by continuous or repeated data collection, while ten studies’ schools were visited on selected days during an intervention. Twelve studies reported desired changes in overall food selection, yet effects were not always significant and appeared less conclusive for longer-term studies.Conclusions:This review found promising evidence that CAI can be effective in encouraging favourable food choices in healthy adolescents in a secondary school setting. However, further studies designed to evaluate complex interventions are needed.
Variation of the molecular cloud lifecycle across the nearby galaxy population
Authors: Kim Jaeyeon , Chevance Mélanie , Diederik Kruijssen J. M. , Leroy Adam K. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe processes of star formation and feedback take place on the scales of giant molecular clouds (GMCs; ~ 100 pc) within galaxies and play a major role in governing galaxy evolution. By applying a robust statistical method to PHANGS observations, we systematically measure the evolutionary timeline from molecular clouds to exposed young stellar regions, across an unprecedented sample of 54 galaxies. These timescales depend on galaxy environment, revealing the role of galactic-scale dynamical processes in the small-scale GMC evolution. Furthermore, in the 5 nearest galaxies of our sample, we have refined the GMC timeline further and established the duration of the heavily obscured phase, using 24 μm emission. These results represent a major first step towards a comprehensive picture of cloud assembly and feedback, which will be extended to 19 more galaxies with our ongoing JWST Large Program.
Star-formation Property of High Redshift Galaxies in Clusters: Perceptive View from Observation and Simulation
Authors: Lee Seong-Kook , Im Myungshin , Ko Eunhee , Park Changbom , Kim Juhan , Lee Jaehyun , Hyun Minhee 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe evolution of star formation properties of galaxies depends on the environment where galaxies reside, and generally star formation of galaxies in dense environment decreases more quickly. Interestingly, the star formation property of high-redshift galaxies clusters vary largely even though they are at similar redshift. We have found that the large-scale environment surrounding each galaxy cluster can contribute to make this cluster-by-cluster variation. This correlation is found in the results from observational data as well as in the simulations of galaxy formation. We suggest the ‘Web-feeding model’ to explain this trend. Star-forming galaxies falling into the galaxy cluster from surrounding large-scale structure make the quiescent galaxy fraction of the cluster lower than relatively isolated clusters.
Star formation feedback onto molecular clouds of KAGONMA sources using temperature distribution
Authors: Takeba N. , Handa T. , Murase T. , Kohno M. , Omodaka T. , Nakano M. , Hirata Y. , Chibueze J. O. , Burns R. A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis paper reports on four of the sources observed in the KAGONMA (KAgoshima Galactic Object survey with the Nobeyama 45-m telescope by Mapping in Ammonia lines) project for which mapping observations have been completed (KAG35, KAG45, KAG64, and KAG71). In this study, we compiled the analysis results of four sources for which mapping observations were completed in the KAGONMA project and statistically investigated the range to which star formation activity affects the molecular gas. In order to investigate the affected range, we analyzed the heating range by focusing on the temperature distribution of the molecular cloud and found that it is within about 3 pc. This suggests that direct star formation feedback in molecular clouds is very spatially limited.
From evolved stars to the formation and evolution of galaxies
Authors: Mahani Hamidreza , Javadi Atefeh , van Loon Jacco Th. , Khosroshahi Habib , Saremi Elham , Hamedani Golshan Roya , Navabi Mahdieh , Hashemi Seyed Azim , Gholami Mahtab , Aghdam Sima Taefi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDue to observational constraints, our detailed knowledge of stellar populations, formation, and evolution of galaxies is limited to a few dozen galaxies located in the Local Group. The Local Group of galaxies offers a unique opportunity to construct the formation histories and probe the structure and dynamics of many dwarf galaxies surrounding the Milky Way and Andromeda and of isolated dwarf galaxies. In this regard, we monitored the majority of galaxies in the Local Group, including the M33 galaxy and satellites galaxies surrounding the Milky Way and Andromeda galaxy, as well as isolated dwarf galaxies. We identified stellar populations and based on light curve analysis, the cool evolved stars pulsating in the fundamental mode were identified. In this paper, first, we will present the results we obtained for SFH and dust production rate in individual galaxies separately to answer how different types of galaxies have been formed and evolved over cosmic time. Then, we will discuss whether the mass return from dusty evolved stars can provide enough gas reservoirs to sustain the star formation or even rejuvenate the dwarf galaxy, as some seem to harbor relatively young stars.
The Anomalous Ammonia Spectrum of Arp 220
Authors: Ott Jürgen , Meier David S. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractUltra-luminous infrared galaxies (ULIRGs) are extreme in many ways. The major mergers trigger star formation at very high rates that cause the ISM to be dominated by infrared (IR) photons. We show the ammonia spectra toward the two cores of Arp 220, the nearest ULIRG, in three Very Large Array (VLA) bands (Ku, K, Ka). Typical decay times of the non-metastable transitions ∼ 100 s and are therefore usually difficult to observe. The FIR excitation of Arp 220, however, shows that non-metastable states are widely populated up to a limiting energy of ∼ 1500 K. We assume that this atypical ammonia spectrum is due to the strong FIR field that re-excites the ammonia molecule on timescales much shorter than the already short decay times. The resulting level population causes a break-down of the typical assumptions made for the use of ammonia as a molecular thermometer.
A UVIT Look at Star Formation in Nearby Interacting/Merging Galaxies
Authors: Das Mousumi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe interactions and mergers of gas rich galaxies are known to produce star formation which often leads to nuclear activity as well. The star formation is ideally mapped using FUV and NUV emission, since UV traces star formation for longer timescales compared to Hα emission. It is also emitted over a broader range of stellar masses in galaxies. In this study we present FUV and NUV observations of merging and interacting galaxies in our nearby universe conducted using the UVIT. We present the example of a merging system MRK212 that has dual AGN and the triple AGN system NGC7733-7734. The UV emission is associated with the tidal arms, individual nuclei, resonance rings, nuclear spirals as well as AGN/stellar feedback. We also find that radio emission is often closely associated with the UV emission, arising from both star formation as well as AGN activity, and perhaps kpc-scale AGN feedback. We find that a comparison of optical IFU imaging with FUV in NGC7733-7734 reveals unique properties associated with the interaction including the third AGN buried in a tidal arm.
The Relationship Between Perfectionism and Maximization Tendency
Authors: Ma Min , Guo Kangni , Li Zhiyong , Xie Chen , Wang Danni , Zhang Li 
Published: June 2023

Abstract: Personality traits are closely correlated with maximization tendency. However, few studies have characterized the link between the subdimensions of perfectionism and maximization tendency. Accordingly, no empirical literature has examined the mechanisms between them. This study examines the relationship between perfectionism and maximization tendency and how they are linked. Participants ( N = 450) were invited to describe their maximization tendency, achievement motivation, perfectionism, and demographic variables. The results showed that the two dimensions of perfectionism are positively correlated with the three dimensions of maximization tendency. The motive to achieve success (MAS) and the motive to avoid failure (MAF) could mediate the link between the dimensions of perfectionism and the dimensions of maximization tendency. Further analyses showed that MAS mediates the relationships between perfectionism and a high standard of maximization tendency, while MAF mediates the relationship between perfectionism and the decision difficulty of maximization tendency. MAS and MAF simultaneously mediate the relationship between perfectionism and alternative search. These findings suggest that decision difficulty and the other two dimensions of maximization differ in terms of their relationship with achievement motivation.
Upward Earthquake Swarm Migration in the Northeastern Noto Peninsula, Japan, Initiated From a Deep Ring‐Shaped Cluster: Possibility of Fluid Leakage From a Hidden Magma System
Authors: Yoshida Keisuke , Uno Masaoki , Matsuzawa Toru , Yukutake Yohei , Mukuhira Yusuke , Sato Hiroshi , Yoshida Takeyoshi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study describes an ongoing intense earthquake swarm in the crust of the northeastern Noto Peninsula, Japan, that began around the end of 2019. Fluid movement related to volcanic activity is often involved in earthquake swarms in the crust. However, no volcanic activity has occurred in this region since the Middle Miocene (15.6 Ma). This study investigates the cause of this earthquake swarm based on the spatiotemporal evolution of earthquake hypocenters and seismic reflectors. The hypocenter relocation of 10,940 earthquakes (M > 1) reveals that they are all crustal and migrated upward, activating a complex network of faults at depths shallower than 20 km. The initiation of this earthquake swarm occurred at a locally deep depth (z = 17 km), and the local hypocenter distribution shows a characteristic circular pattern. We find a distinctive S‐wave reflector in the immediate vicinity. A low‐velocity anomaly exists below the reflector, and a high helium isotope ratio and a low‐gravity anomaly were observed at the surface. These observations suggest that the current seismicity is associated with fluids released by ancient or possibly unrecognized modern magmatic activity, although no volcanic activity has been documented in this area for 15 million years. Significant crustal deformation was observed during this swarm and is probably related to the fluid movement and aseismic deformation that contributed to this earthquake swarm. The strongest M5.4 earthquake (as of October 2022) occurred near the migration front on the largest planar structure, leaving the shallow extension unruptured.
Monthly Climatologies of Zonal‐Mean and Tidal Winds in the Thermosphere as Observed by ICON/MIGHTI During April 2020–March 2022
Authors: Yamazaki Y. , Harding B. J. , Qiu L. , Stolle C. , Siddiqui T. A. , Miyoshi Y. , Englert C. R. , England S. L. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractVersion 5 (v05) of the thermospheric wind data from the Michelson Interferometer for Global High‐resolution Thermospheric Imaging (MIGHTI) instrument on the Ionospheric Connection Explorer (ICON) mission has been recently released, which largely avoids local‐time dependent artificial baseline drifts that are found in previous versions of the ICON/MIGHTI wind data. This paper describes monthly climatologies of zonal‐mean winds and tides based on the v05 ICON/MIGHTI data under geomagnetically quiet conditions (Hp30 < 3o) during April 2020–March 2022. Green‐line winds in the lower thermosphere (90–110 km) and red‐line winds in the middle thermosphere (200–300 km) are analyzed, as these data cover both daytime and nighttime. The latitude and height structures of zonal‐mean winds and tides are presented for each month, and the results are compared with the widely used empirical model, Horizontal Wind Model 2014 (HWM14). The ICON/MIGHTI and HWM14 results are in general agreement, providing a validation of the v05 ICON/MIGHTI data. The agreement is especially good for the zonal‐mean winds. Amplitudes of lower thermospheric tides from ICON/MIGHTI tend to be larger than those from HWM14 as well as from an empirical model, Climatological Tidal Model of the Thermosphere (CTMT). This could be due to the influence of interannual variability of the tides. The amplitude structure of lower thermospheric tides in HWM14 does not match those from ICON/MIGHTI and CTMT in some months. Also, HWM14 underestimates the meridional‐wind amplitude of the migrating diurnal tide in the middle thermosphere. These results highlight the need for improved tidal representation in HWM14.
Rapid Basal Channel Growth Beneath Greenland's Longest Floating Ice Shelf
Authors: Narkevic Ash , Csatho Bea , Schenk Toni 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNioghalvfjerdsfjorden Glacier (N79) is one of the two main outlets for Greenland's largest ice stream, the Northeast Greenland Ice Stream, and is the more stable of the two, with no calving front retreat expected in the near future. Using a novel surface elevation reconstruction approach combining digital elevation models and laser altimetry, previously undetected local phenomena are identified complicating this assessment. N79 is found to have a complex network of basal channels that were largely stable between 1978 and 2012. Since then, an along‐flow central basal channel has been growing rapidly, likely due to increased runoff and ocean temperatures. This incision threatens to decouple the glacier's northwestern and southeastern halves.
Focused Mid‐Crustal Magma Intrusion During Continental Break‐Up in Ethiopia
Authors: Wong Kevin , Ferguson David , Wieser Penny , Morgan Daniel , Edmonds Marie , Tadesse Amdemichael Zafu , Yirgu Gezahegn , Harvey Jason , Hammond Samantha 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSignificant volumes of magma can be intruded into the crust during continental break‐up, influencing rift evolution by altering the thermo‐mechanical structure of the crust and its response to extensional stresses. Rift magmas additionally feed surface volcanic activity and can be globally significant sources of tectonic CO2 emissions. Understanding how magmatism may affect rift development requires knowledge on magma intrusion depths in the crust. Here, using data from olivine‐hosted melt inclusions, we investigate magma dynamics for basaltic intrusions in the Main Ethiopian Rift (MER). We find evidence for a spatially focused zone of magma intrusion at the MER upper‐lower crustal boundary (10–15 km depth), consistent with geophysical datasets. We propose that ascending melts in the MER are intruded over this depth range as discrete sills, likely creating a mechanically weak mid‐crustal layer. Our results have important implications for how magma addition can influence crustal rheology in a maturing continental rift.
Proton Equatorial Pitch Angle Distributions in Jupiter's Inner Magnetosphere
Authors: Sarkango Y. , Szalay J. R. , Poppe A. R. , Nénon Q. , Kollmann P. , Clark G. , McComas D. J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe use data from the plasma and energetic particle instruments on the Juno spacecraft, JADE and JEDI, to study the equatorial pitch angle distributions of energetic protons within Jupiter's inner magnetosphere during Juno's prime mission from 2016 to 2021. Averaging over all observations made by Juno within M‐shell bins between M = 6 and M = 30, we find protons at energies between 10 and 50 keV are predominantly field‐aligned at all M‐shells. In contrast, those at energies above 200 keV transition from being predominantly field‐aligned at M = 20 to having pancake‐like distributions at M < 10. We find the observed distributions are consistent either with charge exchange of protons with neutral toroidal clouds, or with adiabatic acceleration of protons originating from Jupiter that are transported inward from the middle magnetosphere.
Meta-analytic prevalence of comorbid mental disorders in individuals at clinical high risk of psychosis: the case for transdiagnostic assessment
Authors: Solmi Marco , Soardo Livia , Kaur Simi , Azis Matilda , Cabras Anna , Censori Marco , Fausti Luigi , Besana Filippo , Salazar de Pablo Gonzalo , Fusar-Poli Paolo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractComorbid mental disorders in subjects at clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR-P) may impact preventive care. We conducted a PRISMA/MOOSE-compliant systematic meta-analysis, searching PubMed/PsycInfo up to June 21st, 2021 for observational studies/randomized controlled trials reporting on comorbid DSM/ICD-mental disorders in CHR-P subjects (protocol). The primary and secondary outcomes were baseline and follow-up prevalence of comorbid mental disorders. We also explored the association of comorbid mental disorders compared with CHR-P versus psychotic/non-psychotic control groups, their impact on baseline functioning and transition to psychosis. We conducted random-effects meta-analyses, meta-regression, and assessed heterogeneity/publication bias/quality (Newcastle Ottawa Scale, NOS). We included 312 studies (largest meta-analyzed sample = 7834, any anxiety disorder, mean age = 19.98 (3.40), females = 43.88%, overall NOS > 6 in 77.6% of studies). The prevalence was 0.78 (95% CI = 0.73–0.82, k = 29) for any comorbid non-psychotic mental disorder, 0.60 (95% CI = 0.36–0.84, k = 3) for anxiety/mood disorders, 0.44 (95% CI = 0.39–0.49, k = 48) for any mood disorders, 0.38 (95% CI = 0.33–0.42, k = 50) for any depressive disorder/episode, 0.34 (95% CI = 0.30–0.38, k = 69) for any anxiety disorder, 0.30 (95% CI 0.25–0.35, k = 35) for major depressive disorders, 0.29 (95% CI, 0.08–0.51, k = 3) for any trauma-related disorder, 0.23 (95% CI = 0.17–0.28, k = 24) for any personality disorder, and <0.23 in other mental disorders (I2 > 50% in 71.01% estimates). The prevalence of any comorbid mental disorder decreased over time (0.51, 95% CI = 0.25–0.77 over 96 months), except any substance use which increased (0.19, 95% CI = 0.00–0.39, k = 2, >96 months). Compared with controls, the CHR-P status was associated with a higher prevalence of anxiety, schizotypal personality, panic, and alcohol use disorders (OR from 2.90 to 1.54 versus without psychosis), a higher prevalence of anxiety/mood disorders (OR = 9.30 to 2.02) and lower prevalence of any substance use disorder (OR = 0.41, versus psychosis). Higher baseline prevalence of alcohol use disorder/schizotypal personality disorder was negatively associated with baseline functioning (beta from −0.40 to −0.15), while dysthymic disorder/generalized anxiety disorder with higher functioning (beta 0.59 to 1.49). Higher baseline prevalence of any mood disorder/generalized anxiety disorder/agoraphobia (beta from −2.39 to −0.27) was negatively associated with transition to psychosis. In conclusion, over three-quarters of CHR-P subjects have comorbid mental disorders, which modulate baseline functionig and transition to psychosis. Transdiagnostic mental health assessment should be warranted in subjects at CHR-P.