bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
307 Reducing Moral Distress in Burn/trauma Intensive Care Unit Nurses
Authors: Miller Mikayla B 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Introduction
There is minimal research regarding moral distress in Burn/Trauma intensive care unit (ICU) nurses compared to other nursing specialties. However, there is evidence that indicates there are high levels of moral distress in this nursing population which increases the risk for psychological or physical distress, burnout, and high nursing turnover. Identifying and utilizing an effective intervention, such as nursing huddles with clinical ethicists, can help reduce the impact of moral distress in this nursing population.

Methods
An evidenced-based practice project using the IOWA Model was conducted over a six week period on a ten bed Burn/Trauma ICU. Convenience sampling was utilized to capture a total of 24 registered nurses (RN) in the initial survey period. Each of the nurses (n=24) completed the Moral Distress Thermometer (MDT) and the Measure of Moral Distress for Healthcare Providers (MMD-HP) prior to signing up for a nursing huddle with the clinical ethicists. There were five nursing huddles conducted with clinical ethicists on Microsoft Teams over the span of four weeks. Each nurse that participated was required to complete the pre-intervention surveys prior to participating in the nursing huddles and also complete the post MDT evaluation. The MDT pre and post-intervention scores were compared to evaluate the impact of nursing huddles with clinical ethicists on moral distress among RNs working in a Burn/Trauma ICU.

Results
Out of the 24 RNs, 62.5% (n=15) completed the pre-intervention surveys, nursing huddles, and post-intervention surveys. A comparison of the pre-intervention and post-intervention MDT scores showed approximately a 44% decrease in acute moral distress in the Burn/Trauma ICU nurses. In addition, the MMD-HP identified 10 consistent triggers of moral distress in all 24 RNs during the initial survey period. Some reoccurring themes included futile care, false hope, and unnecessary care with benefit to the patient.

Conclusions
Nursing huddles with clinical ethicists considerably reduced the impact of the moral distress identified in Burn/Trauma ICU nurses. These findings support the need for continuous evaluation of moral distress and implementation of interventions to reduce moral distress in this nursing specialty.

Applicability of Research to Practice
Identifying and mitigating moral distress in the Burn/Trauma ICU nurse population is absolutely necessary. The unique ethical dilemmas that arise on a daily basis requires continuous monitoring and implementation of varying interventions to support the nurses and reduce the level of moral distress they may be experiencing. Moral distress does not dissipate on its own. Moral distress needs to be addressed and recognized as a serious and prevalent issue in this nursing population.
309 Reducing the Catheter Associated Infection Rate Within a Burn Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Hill David M , Malbrain Manu , Moll Vanessa , Stanton Kelly P , Velamuri Sai R 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) are the most common hospital-onset healthcare-associated infections (HAI) in the United States. HAIs are key quality and safety metrics publicly reported in the acute-care space and linked to hospital reimbursement by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. CAUTIs, represent approximately 9% of all HAIs, and are associated with increased morbidity, mortality, and cost in intensive care units (ICUs). CAUTIs are thought to impact patient outcomes and healthcare costs significantly. A recent analysis concluded that CAUTIs accounted for only 0.3% of HAI costs in the United States, or approximately $28 million/year. Per patient, CAUTI costs are described in wide ranges from $876 (for inpatient costs to the hospital for additional diagnostic tests and medications) to $10,197 (for inpatient costs to Medicare for ICU patients). The objective of this study was to analyze CAUTI incidences before and after the introduction of a novel urinary catheter with an integrated active drain line clearance system for continuous urine output in a burn intensive care unit.

Methods
Retrospective cohort study following the implementation of a novel urine output monitoring system with integrated drain line and urine clearance. Data from a 48-month (from January 2015-December 2018) historical control (period 1) were compared to data from a 28-month (from January 2020 to April 2022) post-implementation period (period 2). Pre- and post-implementation CAUTI event incidences were compared. Charts were reviewed to characterize the patients.

Results
A total of 42 CAUTIs in 2243 patients were identified using the National Health and Safety Network (NHSN) definition during the analyzed period. There were 40 CAUTI events in period 1 and two CAUTIs in period 2. The incidence of CAUTI events pre-implementation was 0.030 (mean of 10 CAUTI events per year) compared to 0.002 (mean of 1 CAUTI event per year) post-implementation of an automatic drain line clearing UO monitoring system showing a significant reduction in CAUTI events (P&lt; 0.01, risk ratio novel vs. gravity bladder catheter 0.071, 95% confidence interval: 0.017-0.294).

Conclusions
CAUTIs were reduced in the period following the implementation of a novel urinary catheter system with an integrated active drain line and urine clearance in burn patients.

Applicability of Research to Practice
Implementation of a urinary catheter system with integrated drain line and urine clearance could reduce
Competition among purposes: The Chinese Experience in the Governance of Climate Change and Energy Transition
Authors: Gao Henry , Zhou Weihuan 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
Energy governance at the international level is fraught with difficulties due to the ‘competition among purposes’ between different bodies of international law. In this paper, we extend this thesis to argue that the same tension may be found in domestic energy governance. Drawing from China’s experience in the governance of climate change and energy transition, we analyse how the misalignment of incentives between different actors and the incomplete market reform led to a drastic shift in policy in 2021. We also compare the different approaches in China’s energy governance and trade governance and draw some general lessons on how developing countries might overcome such governance problems.
Utilization of a zoo for mosquito (Diptera: Culicidae) diversity analysis, arboviral surveillance, and blood feeding patterns
Authors: Briggs Cierra , Osman Rayan , Newman Brent C , Fikrig Kara , Danziger Philip R , Mader Emily M , Woc Colburn Margarita , Harrington Laura C , Moncayo Abelardo C 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Zoos provide a unique opportunity to study mosquito feeding ecology as they represent areas where exotic animals, free-roaming native animals, humans, and mosquito habitats overlap. Therefore, these locations are a concern for arbovirus transmission to both valuable zoo animals and human visitors. We sampled mosquitoes in and around The Nashville Zoo at Grassmere in Tennessee, USA, over 4 months in 2020 using 4 mosquito trap methods and 12 sampling locations. Mosquitoes were identified to species, Culex mosquitoes were analyzed for arboviruses, and all engorged mosquitoes were preserved for host usage analysis. We captured over 9,000 mosquitoes representing 27 different species, including a new species record for Davidson County, TN (Culex nigripalpus Theobald). Minimum infection rates for West Nile virus (WNV) (Flaviviridae: Flavivirus), St. Louis encephalitis virus (Flaviviridae: Flavivirus), and Flanders virus (Hapavirus: Rhabdoviridae) were 0.79, 0, and 4.17, respectively. The collection of 100 engorged mosquitoes was dominated by Culex pipiens pipiens Linnaeus (38%), Culex erraticus Dyar and Knab (23%), and Culex pipiens pipiens–Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus hybrids (10%). Host DNA from 84 engorged mosquitoes was successfully matched to a variety of host species (n = 23), with just 8 species belonging to the zoo. Wild birds were the most frequently fed upon host, in particular northern cardinals (Cardinalis cardinalis L. Passeriformes: Cardinalidae), which are competent WNV reservoirs. Taken together, our results demonstrate the utility of zoos as sentinels for emerging pathogens, for studying wildlife and human risk of zoonotic diseases, and for assessing vector diversity.
EPIC-1042 as a potent PTRF/Cavin1–caveolin-1 interaction inhibitor to induce PARP1 autophagic degradation and suppress temozolomide efflux for glioblastoma
Authors: Hong Biao , Yang Eryan , Su Dongyuan , Ju Jiasheng , Cui Xiaoteng , Wang Qixue , Tong Fei , Zhao Jixing , Yang Shixue , Cheng Chunchao , Xin Lei , Xiao Menglin , Yi Kaikai , Zhan Qi , Ding Yaqing , Xu Hanyi , Cui Longtao , Kang Chunsheng 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Temozolomide (TMZ) treatment efficacy in glioblastoma is determined by various mechanisms such as TMZ efflux, autophagy, base excision repair (BER) pathway, and the level of O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT). Here, we reported a novel small-molecular inhibitor (SMI) EPIC-1042 (C20H28N6) with the potential to decrease TMZ efflux and promote PARP1 degradation via autolysosomes in the early stage.

Methods
EPIC-1042 was obtained from receptor-based virtual screening. Co-immunoprecipitation and pull-down assays were applied to verify the blocking effect of EPIC-1042. Western blotting, co-immunoprecipitation, and immunofluorescence were used to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of EPIC-1042. In vivo experiments were performed to verify the efficacy of EPIC-1042 in sensitizing glioblastoma cells to TMZ.

Results
EPIC-1042 physically interrupted the interaction of PTRF/Cavin1 and caveolin-1, leading to reduced secretion of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) to decrease TMZ efflux. It also induced PARP1 autophagic degradation via increased p62 expression that more p62 bound to PARP1 and specially promoted PARP1 translocation into autolysosomes for degradation in the early stage. Moreover, EPIC-1042 inhibited autophagy flux at last. The application of EPIC-1042 enhanced TMZ efficacy in glioblastoma in vivo.

Conclusion
EPIC-1042 reinforced the effect of TMZ by preventing TMZ efflux, inducing PARP1 degradation via autolysosomes to perturb the BER pathway and recruitment of MGMT, and inhibiting autophagy flux in the later stage. Therefore, this study provided a novel therapeutic strategy using the combination of TMZ with EPIC-1042 for glioblastoma treatment.
Potential benefits of microalgae intake against metabolic diseases: beyond spirulina—a systematic review of animal studies
Authors: Tejero Pérez Adrian , Kapravelou Garyfallia , Porres Foulquie Jesús María , López Jurado Romero de la Cruz María , Martínez Martínez Rosario 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Context
Microalgae are a diverse source of bioactive molecules, such as polyphenols, carotenoids, and omega-3 fatty acids, with beneficial properties in biomarkers of metabolic diseases. Unlike the rest of the microalgae genera, Arthrospira sp., commonly called spirulina, has been widely studied.

Objective
This review aims to describe the current knowledge about microalgae, besides spirulina, focusing on their beneficial properties against metabolic diseases.

Data Sources
A systematic research of MEDLINE (via PubMed), Cochrane, and Scopus databases was conducted to identify relevant studies published after January 2012. In vivo animal studies including microalgae consumption, except for spirulina, that significantly improved altered biomarkers related to metabolic diseases were included. These biomarkers included body weight/composition, glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism, oxidative damage, inflammation markers, and gut microbiota.

Data Extraction
After the literature search and the implementation of inclusion and exclusion criteria, 37 studies were included in the revision out of the 132 results originally obtained after the application of the equation on the different databases.

Data Analysis
Data containing 15 microalgae genera were included reporting on a wide range of beneficial results at different levels, including a decrease in body weight and changes in plasma levels of glucose and lipoproteins due to molecular alterations such as those related to gene expression regulation. The most reported beneficial effects were related to gut microbiota and inflammation followed by lipid and glucose metabolism and body weight/composition.

Conclusions
Microalgae intake improved different altered biomarkers due to metabolic diseases and seem to have potential in the design of enriched foodstuffs or novel nutraceuticals. Nevertheless, to advance to clinical trials, more thorough/detailed studies should be performed on some of the microalgae genera included in this review to collect more information on their molecular mechanisms of action.
Underutilized plants increase biodiversity, improve food and nutrition security, reduce malnutrition, and enhance human health and well-being. Let’s put them back on the plate!
Authors: Knez Marija , Ranić Marija , Gurinović Mirjana 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The global food system depends on a limited number of plant species. Plants with unsatisfactory nutritional value are overproduced, whereas the wide variety of nutrient-rich plant species used in earlier times remains neglected. Basing our diet on a few crops has wide-ranging negative consequences on nutrition and food security. Although still under-researched, underutilized plants are slowly starting to receive increased recognition. These plants have superior nutritional content and immense potential to contribute to food and nutrition security and increased sustainability. This narrative review provides evidence to encourage the promotion, domestication, and commercialization of underutilized plants. The anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and anticancer effects of some of underutilized plants are presented in this review. The outstanding ability of forgotten plants to increase food and nutrition security, boost dietary diversity, reduce malnutrition, and enhance human health and well-being is demonstrated. The main barriers and obstacles to reintroducing underutilized foods are reviewed and recommendations for overcoming nutrition and dietary-related challenges for re-establishing underutilized plants into the global food system are presented. The expansion of underutilized plants for human use is of paramount importance. The exceptional nutritional properties, bioactive potential, and proven health benefits of underutilized plants indicate that increased promotion, domestication, and commercialization of these plants should be strongly supported. Besides health benefits, marginalized plants have the potential to enhance human well-being and improve people’s lives in many ways, retain biodiversity, and develop local economies. Therefore, underutilized plants should be used in the broader context of well-balanced and healthy diets.
Mindful attention is inversely associated with pain via mediation by psychological distress in orthopedic patients
Authors: Lam Chun Nok , Larach Daniel B , Chou Chih-Ping , Black David S 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Orthopedic patients report pain as their main symptom complaint. Subjective pain experience is correlated with self-reported psychological state, such as distress.

Purpose
This study tests whether scores from a measure of mindful attention are associated with subjective pain levels and whether psychological distress scores function as a mediation path.

Methods
During routine visits to a single orthopedic clinic in East Los Angeles, California, 525 patients were recruited to participate in the study. Participants reported on measures of pain (Universal Pain Assessment Tool [UPAT]), mindful attention (Five-Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire [FFMQ]), and psychological distress (Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale [DASS]). We used Pearson correlations to examine relationships between FFMQ and UPAT scores and mediation analyses to test indirect effects of DASS scores as a mediation path.

Results
The average age of the sample was 54 years (range 18–98 years), 61% were male, and 64% were non-Hispanic White individuals. The locations of injury were the shoulder (72%), elbow (21%), and clavicle or wrist (7%). Ninety-one percent reported mild or greater pain in the prior 2 weeks (mean = 4.2 ± 2.5, range 0–10), and 49% reported mild or more severe distress symptoms (DASS: 13.0 ± 11.5). FFMQ scores inversely predicted UPAT scores (β = –0.22, P &lt; .01), mediated through DASS scores. DASS subscale scores for depression (β = –0.10, P = .02) and stress (β = –0.08, P = .04) but not anxiety (β = –0.03, P = .33) produced significant indirect effects. FFMQ acting-with-awareness and non-judging subscales had the largest effect on depression and stress DASS subscale scores.

Conclusions
We find statistical support to suggest that distress—particularly depressed mood and stress—mediates the association between mindful attention and pain intensity among orthopedic patients. A disposition of mindful attention might counter distress ailments that exacerbate subjective pain, and this has possible implications for mindfulness training interventions offered to orthopedic patients.
Victim opinions of police responses to reports of domestic violence and abuse in Greece
Authors: Kravvariti Vasiliki , Browne Kevin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
There are no known studies of victim opinions of police responses to domestic violence and abuse (DVA) calls in Greece. This study investigates differences in female and male victim experiences after making a call to the Greek police about DVA. A sample consisting of 104 victims of DVA was recruited from five agencies offering counselling and support. Of this sample, 72% consented to participate and complete a structured questionnaire (N = 75). The study compared 58 female and 17 male victims of similar demographic characteristics. Results showed there was a significant bias towards female victims for the information, help, and advice given, satisfaction with the police interview and arrest but not for children and witnesses, satisfaction with the police report and outcome of the incident. Partial evidence is provided to support the notion that male victims in Greece are discriminated against, as they do not fulfil gender stereotypes expected by police officers.
Examining the Black Gender Gap in Educational Attainment: The Role of Exclusionary School Discipline & Criminal Justice Contact
Authors: Thompson Marissa E 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Black men and women have different levels of average educational attainment, yet few studies have focused on explaining how and why these patterns develop. One explanation may be inequality in experiences with institutional punishment through exclusionary school discipline and criminal justice exposure. Drawing on intersectional frameworks and theories of social control, I examine the long-term association between punishment and the Black gender gap using data from the Children of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 cohort (NLSY-C). Decomposition analyses reveal that about one third of the gender gap can be explained by gender differences in experiences with institutional punishments, net of differences in observed behaviors. These measures are predictive at key educational transition points, including finishing high school and earning a 4-year college degree. Though Black boys and girls have similar family backgrounds and grow up in similar neighborhoods, results suggest that Black girls have a persistent advantage in educational attainment due in part to their lower levels of exposure to exclusionary school discipline and the criminal justice system. In addition, I find that gender differences in early achievement, early externalizing behavioral problems, school experiences, and substance use in adolescence and early adulthood are associated with gender differences in educational attainment. Taken together, these results illustrate the importance of punishment disparities in understanding disparate educational outcomes over the life course of Black men and women.
Evaluating lactation performance of multiparous dairy cattle to prepartum and/or postpartum supplementation of fat-embedded calcium gluconate
Authors: Seymour D J , Sanz-Fernandez M V , Daniel J B , Martín-Tereso J , Doelman J 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Prebiotic compounds may be supplemented in the diet to improve animal health and performance in a variety of ways. In dairy cattle, the transition from pregnancy through parturition and lactation represents a critical life stage with many concurrent stressors. The objectives of this study were to evaluate responses to the provision of a hindgut-targeted prebiotic compound (calcium gluconate; HFCG) when supplemented prepartum and/or postpartum in a 2 × 2 factorial design. One hundred and sixty-four multiparous Holstein cattle were enrolled and followed from approximately 21 d prior to calving until 100 d of lactation. Treatments were administered as a pelleted compound feed offered in the rotary milking parlor once daily prepartum and thrice daily postpartum. Information pertaining to milk production and body weight were automatically recorded by the milking equipment, and information pertaining to reproductive and health performance was recorded by farm staff. Cattle that received HFCG prepartum were confirmed pregnant approximately 21 d earlier (P = 0.024). Cattle that received HFCG both pre- and postpartum had 9% to 10% higher yields of milk protein, fat, and energy-corrected milk (P ≤ 0.037) from weeks 4 to 9 of lactation relative to those that received HFCG exclusively prepartum. Conversely, cattle that received HFCG exclusively postpartum had 9% to 10% higher yields of milk protein, fat, and energy-corrected milk (P ≤ 0.037) from weeks 9 to 14 of lactation relative to those that received exclusively the negative control in both periods. The mechanism underlying these responses remains unclear, however, we hypothesize that these responses are due to localized reductions in inflammation in the gut and/or signaling to extragastrointestinal tissues altering energy partitioning and balance.
Phylogenetics and taxonomy of the Indo-Australian genus Ulonemia sensu Drake (Hemiptera: Tingidae), with the recognition of new genera and species collected from Proteaceae in Australia
Authors: Shofner Ryan , Cassis Gerasimos 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Tingid classification has been problematic since the recognition of the family. The exaggerated ornamentation of many tingids has caused confusion in morphology-based phylogenies due to convergence. Also, some genera, like Ulonemia, lack exaggerated structures and their diagnoses rely on reduced morphology, making identification difficult. The relationship between these genera is of great interest, as several species of Ulonemia have recently become pests of Macadamia, and several of these genera are found on other Proteaceae.
We used 16S, COI, 18S, and 28S to determine genus-level relationships of Ulonemia and other Australian Tingidae using maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference. We also analysed a morphological dataset using maximum parsimony. The parsimony analysis yielded numerous morphological homoplasies, and most deep clades lacked support. The ML and Bayesian analyses had strong support and returned a paraphyletic Ulonemia with three strongly supported clades. Two new genera, Cercotingis gen. nov. and Proteatingis gen. nov., are erected and Ulonemia redescribed to account for the observed phylogenies. Three new species of Cercotingis (C. croajingolong sp. nov., C. namadgi sp. nov., and C. tasmaniensis sp. nov.) and four new species of Proteatingis (Pr. astibosetes sp. nov., Pr. howardi sp. nov., Pr. minuta sp. nov., and Pr. xouthos sp. nov.) are described, with keys to species of Cercotingis and Proteatingis.