bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In silico evaluation of a beta‐lactam dosing guideline among adults with serious infections
Authors: Williams Paul , Cotta Menino Osbert , Abdul‐Aziz Mohd H. , Wilks Kathryn , Farkas Andras , Roberts Jason A. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractStudy ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to compare the achievement of therapeutic pharmacokinetic–pharmacodynamic (PK‐PD) exposure targets for beta‐lactam antibiotics using product information dosing or guideline‐based dosing for the treatment of serious infections.DesignIn silico study.Data SourceID‐ODSTM(Individually Designed Optimum Dosing Strategies).Patients and InterventionNone.Measurements and Main ResultsIn silico product information and guideline‐based dosing simulations for cefepime, ceftazidime, flucloxacillin, meropenem, and piperacillin/tazobactam were performed using pharmacokinetic models from seriously ill patient populations. The median simulated concentration at 48 and 96 h was used to measure the probability of target attainment (PTA) to achieve predefined therapeutic and toxicity PK‐PD targets. A multiple linear regression model was constructed to identify the effect of guideline‐based dosing covariates on achieving pre‐defined therapeutic targets. In total, 480 dosing simulations were performed. The PTA percentage with guideline‐based dosing at 48 and 96 h was 80% and 68%, respectively, yielding significantly higher results when compared to product information dosing (48.45% and 49%, respectively),p < 0.001 at both time points. At 48 h, predefined toxicity thresholds were exceeded in 4.7% and 0% of simulations for guideline‐based and product information‐based dosing, respectively (p = 0.002). eGFR was significantly associated with the % PTA by guideline‐based dosing, with eGFR values of 20 and 50 ml/min both statistically significant in leading to an increase in PTA.ConclusionsOur study demonstrated that achievement of PK‐PD exposures associated with an increased likelihood of effectiveness was more likely to occur with guideline‐based dosing; especially at 48 h.
Spirometry correlates with physical activity in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Authors: Kaslow Jacob A. , Sokolow Andrew G. , Donnelly Thomas , Buchowski Maciej S. , Markham Larry W. , Burnette William Bryan , Soslow Jonathan. H. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundDuchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is associated with progressive muscle weakness and respiratory decline. To date, studies have focused on respiratory decline and loss of ambulation as a metric of loss of skeletal muscle strength. However, new functional measures can assess skeletal muscle disease regardless of ambulatory status. The relationship between these tests and concurrent lung function is currently unexplored.ObjectiveTo assess the correlation between spirometry measurements and functional muscle assessments such as accelerometry and quantitative muscle testing (QMT).MethodsEnrolled patients with DMD underwent accelerometry and QMT at study clinic visits. Any pulmonary function testing within 6 months of visit was obtained from the electronic medical record. The Spearman correlation coefficient was used to assess the relationship between spirometry and functional muscle testing.ResultsForced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) demonstrated the strongest correlation with accelerometry. Both FVC and FEV1 showed a similar relationship to accelerometry when activity was divided into intensity categories, with low intensity and moderate‐to‐vigorous activity categories showing the strongest correlation. Maximal expiratory pressure (MEP) and FVC showed the most robust correlations with total QMT (p < 0.001 and p < 0.01, respectively).ConclusionLung function, specifically FVC percent predicted and FEV1%p, shows a good correlation with upper and lower extremity skeletal muscle functional testing such as accelerometry and QMT.
Using electrical impedance tomography to characterize lung impairment of children with primary ciliary dyskinesia: A pilot cross‐sectional study
Authors: Pensabene Mariacarola , Gambazza Simone , Carta Federica , Rocchi Alessia , Lelii Mara , Madini Barbara , Hassan Vittoria , Piotto Marta , Patria Maria Francesca 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundIn children with primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD), measures more sensitive than spirometry are needed to characterize underlying pulmonary impairment. Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a promising noninvasive method for monitoring the distribution of lung ventilation, and it does not require patient collaboration. We aimed to provide an assessment of the feasibility and clinical usefulness of EIT in characterizing lung impairment in children with PCD, compared to spirometry and multiple breath nitrogen washout (MBWN2) test.MethodsChildren and adolescents with PCD underwent MBWN2 test as first respiratory assessment, followed by EIT monitoring and spirometry during outpatient follow‐up.ResultsWe included 12 out of 16 individuals regularly followed at our clinic. A total of 41.7% (5/12) showed abnormal forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), whereas 11/12 (91.7%) had abnormal ventilation inhomogeneity measured with MBWN2 test. Using EIT, the global inhomogeneity (GITOT) index showed moderate to strong correlation with FEV1 (ρ = −0.55, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.87 to 0.02) and ranged from 37 to 44, with the highest inhomogeneity detected in the dorsal right quadrant. GITOT was moderately correlated with RV/TLC %predicted (ρ = 0.38, 95% CI: −0.17 to 0.74), while we detected a weak correlation between GITOT and lung clearance index (ρ = 0.29, 95% CI: −0.45 to 0.82).ConclusionEIT appears promising as a noninvasive technique to characterize ventilation distribution in children with PCD, thus providing a complementary assessment to static and dynamic lung function measures of PCD disease.
Conceptualising adherence to exercise for musculoskeletal pain: A concept mapping study
Authors: Bailey Daniel , Bishop Annett , Foster Nadine E. , Holden Melanie A. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe concept of adherence to exercise for musculoskeletal (MSK) pain is poorly defined and inadequately measured. This study aimed to, (1) conceptualise adherence to exercise therapy for MSK pain, and (2) identify statements most representative of the new conceptualisation that could be developed into items for a new measurement tool.MethodsConcept mapping methodology was used, which is an integrated mixed methods approach. Focus groups with stakeholders generated statements describing adherence to exercise for MSK pain. Statements were grouped according to themes and rated for importance. Data analysis via multidimensional scaling and hierarchical cluster analysis produced a series of concept maps, which were refined during a further stakeholder workshop to produce the final conceptualisation of exercise adherence. Mean importance ratings established statements most suitable for future development.ResultsTwenty‐eight participants produced 100 unique statements concerning adherence, which were sorted and rated. Analysis of the sort data with further participant refinement concluded that adherence to exercise consists of six domains: communication with experts; targets; how exercise is prescribed; patient knowledge and understanding; motivation and support; and psychological approach and attitudes. Fifty‐six statements were rated with above average importance for inclusion in a new measure of adherence to exercise for MSK pain.ConclusionAdherence to exercise for MSK pain is a complex and multi‐dimensional construct represented by six distinct domains. Statements that best represent these domains have been identified by key stakeholders and will inform the development of a new measure of adherence to exercise for MSK pain.
Pulmonary Hypertension Association's 2022 International Conference Scientific Sessions Overview
Authors: Alamri Ayedh K. , Shelburne Nicholas J. , Mayeux Jennalyn D. , Brittain Evan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe considerable progress made in recent years in the diagnosis, risk stratification, and treatment of pulmonary hypertension was highlighted during the most recent edition of the Pulmonary Hypertension Association Scientific Sessions, which was held in Atlanta, Georgia from June 9 to 11, 2022, with the theme: Vision for the PHuture: The Evolving Science and Management of PH. Content presented over the 3‐day conference focused on scientific and management updates since the last sessions were held in 2018 and included didactic talks, debates, and roundtable discussions across a broad spectrum of topics related to pulmonary hypertension. This article aims to summarize the key messages from each of the session talks.
Liquid chromatography–quadrupole orbitrap and liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry system for rapid identification and quantitation of thirty nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs and acetaminophen in illegal products
Authors: Park Hyoung‐Joon , Ham Hyeon Joo , Yang Yoon Ji , Seo Min Kyeong , Kim Hyung Il , Lee Ji Hyun 
Published: December 2022

RationaleAs the public interest in healthcare increases, illegal dietary supplements, foods, and drugs containing unauthorized pharmaceutical ingredients, including nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and acetaminophen, have been identified. Excessive and unintentional consumption is toxic to the gastrointestinal tract, kidneys, and liver; therefore, these pharmaceuticals must be monitored using analytical methods.MethodsA rapid and reliable analysis system involving liquid chromatography–quadrupole orbitrap mass spectrometry (LC‐Q‐Orbitrap/MS) and liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) was established and validated to identify and quantify 30 NSAIDs and acetaminophen. In addition, we obtained the MS2 spectrum for each component with the proposed structure of the fragment ions.ResultsThe analytical method was applied to 505 samples of illicitly distributed dietary supplements, foods, and pharmaceuticals. Non‐steroidal analgesics were detected in 126 samples. Carbamazepine (42.9%) and diclofenac (30.2%) were the most detected components in the samples; other pharmaceutical adulterants were also detected in some cases. Additionally, we present the identification of an unknown component, dexamethasone (799 μg/g), using LC‐Q‐Orbitrap/MS in a sample containing the unknown component with meloxicam (15.4 mg/g).ConclusionsThe developed analysis system, consisting of qualitative analysis using LC‐Q‐Orbitrap/MS and quantitative analysis using LC/MS/MS, can rapidly and accurately identify and quantify NSAIDs and acetaminophen while also identifying non‐analytical components.
Unveiling the linkage between hydropower growth and tourism sustainability in EU27 region: An empirical analysis
Authors: Alsaleh Mohd , Yang Zhengyong , Chen Tinggui , Abdul‐Rahim A. S. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractHydropower comes with a lot of inestimable values. It is indubitably an eco‐system‐friendly resource that causes no harm to the natural state of the environment. This creates a better alternative to the heat energy radiating the earth. It is a cost‐efficient source of energy and it offers unique opportunities to have cost‐efficient tourism sector management in the EU region centers. The primary objective of this research is to determine the effect of hydropower output on tourism sustainability in the European Union (EU 27) states from 1990 to 2021. The autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) was adopted for this study. Findings from this study show that a significant increase in the tourism sector growth can occur in EU14 emerging economies using hydropower output and economic growth variables than in EU13 emerging economies. In addition, among other variables captured in this study, population density and good governance were seen to have a higher level of contribution to tourism sector growth in EU14 emerging economies than in EU13 emerging economies. It was also found that a significant increase in the tourism sector growth could be achieved in the EU13 emerging economies due to the high consumption of fossil fuels than in EU14 emerging economies. This finding implies that the EU27 could achieve sustainability in their tourism sector significantly through the substitution of fossil fuel output with hydropower. This will foster the attainment of Energy Union aims by 2030. It is also a good way to combat climate change and environmental pollution. Using the pooled mean group (PMG), mean group (MG), and dynamic fixed effect (DFE) methods, the projected calculations were seen to be valid. The study, therefore, recommended that EU27 countries should prioritize hydropower in their pursuit of renewable energy production as this will help them to achieve sustainability in their tourism sector and become secure in their energy need now and in the future time. The government, Politicians, and all other concerned stakeholders in the EU27 countries should strive towards replacing fossil fuels with hydropower. This will help to ensure sustainability in their tourism sector and there will be security in the energy sector of these EU27 Countries.
Reprogramming stem cells in regenerative medicine
Authors: Mao Jiayi , Saiding Qimanguli , Qian Shutong , Liu Zhimo , Zhao Binfan , Zhao Qiuyu , Lu Bolun , Mao Xiyuan , Zhang Liucheng , Zhang Yuguang , Sun Xiaoming , Cui Wenguo 
Published: December 2022

AbstractInduced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) that are generated from adult somatic cells are induced to express genes that make them pluripotent through reprogramming techniques. With their unlimited proliferative capacity and multifaceted differentiation potential and circumventing the ethical problems encountered in the application of embryonic stem cells (ESC), iPSCs have a broad application in the fields of cell therapy, drug screening, and disease models and may open up new possibilities for regenerative medicine to treat diseases in the future. In this review, we begin with different reprogramming cell technologies to obtain iPSCs, including biotechnological, chemical, and physical modulation techniques, and present their respective strengths, and limitations, as well as the recent progress of research. Secondly, we review recent research advances in iPSC reprogramming‐based regenerative therapies. iPSCs are now widely used to study various clinical diseases of hair follicle defects, myocardial infarction, neurological disorders, liver diseases, and spinal cord injuries. This review focuses on the translational clinical research around iPSCs as well as their potential for growth in the medical field. Finally, we summarize the overall review and look at the potential future of iPSCs in the field of cell therapy as well as tissue regeneration engineering and possible problems. We believe that the advancing iPSC research will help drive long‐awaited breakthroughs in cellular therapy.
Bio‐inspired adhesive hydrogel for biomedicine—principles and design strategies
Authors: Li Wenzhao , Yang Xinyuan , Lai Puxiang , Shang Luoran 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe adhesiveness of hydrogels is urgently required in various biomedical applications such as medical patches, tissue sealants, and flexible electronic devices. However, biological tissues are often wet, soft, movable, and easily damaged. These features pose difficulties for the construction of adhesive hydrogels for medical use. In nature, organisms adhere to unique strategies, such as reversible sucker adhesion in octopuses and nontoxic and firm catechol chemistry in mussels, which provide many inspirations for medical hydrogels to overcome the above challenges. In this review, we systematically classify bioadhesion strategies into structure‐related and molecular‐related ones, which cover almost all known bioadhesion paradigms. We outline the principles of these strategies and summarize the corresponding designs of medical adhesive hydrogels inspired by them. Finally, conclusions and perspectives concerning the development of this field are provided. For the booming bio‐inspired adhesive hydrogels, this review aims to summarize and analyze the various existing theories and provide systematic guidance for future research from an innovative perspective.
Application of intelligent packaging for meat products: A systematic review
Authors: Khodaei Seyedeh Mahsa , Gholami‐Ahangaran Majid , Karimi Sani Iraj , Esfandiari Zahra , Eghbaljoo Hadi 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundToday, in response to consumer demand and market trends, the development of new packaging with better performance such as intelligent packaging has become more important. This packaging system is able to perform intelligent functions to increase shelf life, increase safety and improve product quality.ObjectivesRecently, various types of packaging systems are available for meat products, especially cooked, fresh and processed meats. But because meat products are very perishable, monitoring their quality and safety in the supply chain is very important. This systematic article briefly reviews some of the recent data about the application of intelligent packaging in meat products.MethodsThe search was conducted in Google Scholar, Science Direct, Elsevier, Springer, Scopus, and PubMed, from April 1996 to April 2021 using a different combination of the following keyword: intelligent packaging, and meat.ResultsThe results showed that the intelligent packaging presents several benefits compared to traditional packaging (e.g., antimicrobial, antioxidant, and shelf life extension) at the industrial processing level. Thus, these systems have been applied to improve the shelf life and textural properties of meat and meat products.ConclusionsIt is necessary to control the number of intelligent compounds that are included in the packaging as they clearly influence the quality and nutritional properties as well as the final cost of the food products.
Stump pyometra in a spayed female dog secondary to tamoxifen
Authors: Ehrhardt Caryn , Odunayo Adesola , Pascutti Kristina , Carvajal Jose , Ham Kathleen , Harris Autumn Nourse 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo describe a complication associated with the long‐term use of tamoxifen for the treatment of sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis in a dog.Case SummaryA 2‐year‐old female spayed poodle cross was evaluated for a stump pyometra. The dog was diagnosed with sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis a year prior and was treated with tamoxifen, an oestrogen receptor antagonist, for treatment of the disease. The dog developed a swollen vulva with vulvar discharge and a stump pyometra was diagnosed on ultrasound. Hormonal testing was submitted to evaluate for an ovarian remnant and the dog underwent an exploratory laparotomy, where the uterine stump was removed. No ovarian remnant tissue was identified intra‐operatively, and hormonal testing (anti‐Müllerian hormone, progesterone, oestradiol) and histopathology were consistent with the absence of ovarian tissue. The tamoxifen was discontinued. The dog recovered uneventfully after surgery.New or Unique Information ProvidedThis report describes a complication of treatment of a rarely described clinical disease. While most cases of stump pyometra involve ovarian remnant syndrome, this case report describes a stump pyometra in a dog without remnant tissue that was undergoing treatment with tamoxifen. Tamoxifen has been reported to cause pyometra in intact female dogs. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first case report to describe a stump pyometra in a spayed female dog, secondary to the use of tamoxifen.
The wound healing effect of collagen/adipose‐derived stem cells (ADSCs) hydrogel: In vivo study
Authors: Abbasi Kamyar , Tavakolizadeh Sara , Hadi Alireza , Hosseini Maryam , Soufdoost Reza Sayyad , Heboyan Artak , Alam Mostafa , Fani‐Hanifeh Sadaf 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe complex wound healing process involves activating and synchronizing intracellular, intercellular, and extracellular components. Adipose tissue is attracting attention to promote wound healing. Within subcutaneous adipose tissue, stromal vascular cells and their subsets release growth factors and cytokines critical for neovascularization and wound repair.ObjectivesThis study evaluated human placental collagen/adipose‐derived stem cells (ADSCs) hydrogel for wound healing in rats.MethodsIn this study, ADSCs were harvested, cultured, and mixed with placental collagen. Twelve rats were used, and their backs were excised three times each. Group one received collagen/ADSCs, group two collagen, and group three non‐filled (control) excisions. The healing processes were assessed by histological analysis, taking photographs, and calculating the percentage of wound contraction in mentioned times.ResultsHistopathological analysis revealed that the content of fibroblasts, follicles of the hair, and angiogenesis in group one was significantly more than in other groups. Group one had a significant result compared with the collagen and control groups. In group one, significant wound healing and wound contraction were observed with 52% and 80% wound contraction at 7 and 14 days, respectively.ConclusionCollagen/ADSCs can be considered a suitable candidate hydrogel in wound healing with a high potential for enhancing wound repairing.
Preparation and performance of PVC long‐term heat stabilizer based on the synergistic effect of uracil and metal complexes
Authors: Zhang Wenshuo , Xia Huiyun , Song Lifang , Huo Huiwen , Lu Changjie , Sun Yihan , Niu Yanhui 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn order to improve the deficiency of traditional polyvinyl chloride (PVC) heat stabilizer, triazole‐based zinc‐containing complex (abbreviated as [Zn(ttr)(OAc)]) with good compatibility with PVC and a strong ability to absorb HCl was prepared in this paper, which was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). PVC sheets were prepared by mixing PVC with composite heat stabilizer (DAJ) composed of [Zn(ttr)(OAc)] and 1,3‐dimethyl‐6‐aminouracil (DAU). Different kinds and amounts of common auxiliary heat stabilizers were selected and added to the DAJ system to study the effect of thermally stable system on PVC by Congo red test, Discoloration test, Dynamic thermal stability test, SEM, TGA and Transmittance test and the relevant mechanism was explored. The PVC sheets with DAJ blended by 1.2 phr DAU and 0.8 phr [Zn(ttr)(OAc)] showed relatively excellent coloring properties, long‐term thermal stability, and high light transmittance. Compared with dibenzoylmethane (DBM), 0.5 phr sorbitol and 1.5 phr epoxy soybean oil (ESBO)/Antioxidant 168 showed good synergistic effect with DAJ. Due to the polyhydroxy nature of sorbitol, the thermal stability of PVC was significantly improved, and the transmittance of PVC benefited from the similar miscibility of ESBO long chain. This was also confirmed by TGA and SEM of PVC sheet.
Jejunal intramural haematoma in a captive African lion (Panthera leo)
Authors: Butcher Richelle G. , Lenting Baukje , Clarke Alison S. , Buckle Kelly , Gans Cristina 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA 19‐year‐old, entire, female, captive African lion (Panthera leo) presented acutely for reduced appetite and lethargy. Bloodwork revealed a poorly regenerative anaemia, hypoalbuminaemia and monocytosis. Ultrasound indicated the presence of a peri‐renal mass, but advanced imaging techniques were unavailable at the time. Minimal clinical improvement was seen with supportive treatment, and euthanasia was elected 11 days after presentation. Postmortem examination revealed an intramural intestinal haematoma of the jejunum with serosal haemorrhage and haemoabdomen, and a peri‐renal mass. Histology showed that the peri‐renal mass was an adrenal cortical carcinoma. The underlying cause of the intramural haematoma was not determined, but it was considered the probable cause for the clinical decline of this animal. Intramural intestinal haematoma is an uncommon entity in veterinary species, and has not been reported in any members of Felidae. This is the first documented case of an intramural intestinal haematoma in an African lion.