bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling migration and movement of gray bats
Authors: Holliday Cory , Wisby Joseph P. , Roby Piper L. , Samoray Stephen T. , Vannatta Jessica M. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractManaging landscapes for migratory species is challenging when migratory movement patterns are unknown. Researchers have collected sufficient data to understand summer and winter habitat use for federally listed bats, but movement between these habitats in spring and fall has not been studied extensively. In addition, movement within summer habitat is less well understood than the roosting requirements. To initiate a preliminary understanding of movement patterns of gray bats (Myotis grisescens), we gathered all occurrence and band recovery data available within the range of the species to model movement. By weighting the pathways using the population of winter and summer locations (i.e., cave roosts), we created a heat map demonstrating the likelihood of landscape use by gray bats including nightly foraging, migration, and roost switching. The resulting map highlighted 2 major areas of use during spring and fall migration: 3 high likelihood pathways through central Tennessee and 1 primary migration route between northern Arkansas and central Missouri, USA. Although future data could influence the accuracy of this map, the representation in its current form can be used to anticipate bat presence when considering industrial development such as wind turbine siting.
Investigating potential for competition between migratory caribou and introduced muskoxen
Authors: Brodeur Alexis , Leblond Mathieu , Brodeur Vincent , Taillon Joëlle , Côté Steeve D. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSeveral caribou (Rangifer tarandus) populations co‐occur with endemic or introduced populations of muskoxen (Ovibos moschatus), which has led to concerns about the potential competition between the species, especially in regions where the growth of muskoxen populations coincides with caribou declines. We evaluated the potential for competition between migratory caribou and an introduced muskoxen population in northern Québec, Canada, at multiple spatial scales, from 2017 to 2019. We investigated space use and habitat selection patterns of satellite‐collared caribou and muskoxen, and analyzed fecal samples using DNA metabarcoding to assess diet overlap. Annual overlap between ranges was low and occurred primarily during caribou spring migrations on the coast of Hudson Bay, and during summer on the coast of Ungava Bay. During spring, muskoxen selected shrub‐dominated areas close to the coast, whereas caribou selected rock‐substrate tundra and low elevations within their overlapping ranges. Thus, co‐occurrence was low and remained limited to the vicinity of the Hudson Bay. In summer, muskoxen selected productive coastal areas and caribou selected erect‐shrub tundra; both species selected prostrate‐shrub tundra. This led to a higher co‐occurrence in the Ungava Bay study area relative to the Hudson Bay study area. We found similarities in the diets of the 2 species at the plant family level, with shrubs being commonly consumed by both species across seasons. We conclude that, at a broad spatial scale, there was limited potential for seasonal space use and diet overlap between caribou and muskoxen in our study area. Still, multiple sources of uncertainty remain such as local impacts of herbivory by muskoxen, demographic and distribution patterns of both species, trophic interactions with predators, shared diseases and parasites, and climate change. These sources of uncertainty could be mitigated through the elaboration of local management plans and community‐based monitoring.
Compression of the Vertebral Artery by the Thyroid Cartilage Causing Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency
Authors: Spence Ryland N. , Shumrick Christopher , Tarro John 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundThis retrospective case report describes a rare presentation of VBI in a young male patient.AimsShare a rare cause of VBI in a young patient.Materials & MethodsThe patient presented with recurrent episodes of dizziness and a history of several cerebellar infarcts. Imaging revealed the right vertebral artery was being mechanically compressed by the right superior cornu of the thyroid cartilage during mouth opening. Surgical resection of the right superior cornu of the thyroid cartilage was performed.ResultsIntraoperative angiography revealed a right vertebral artery without compression during mouth opening.DiscussionClinicians should consider the thyroid cartilage as a potential source of recurrent VBI due to mechanical compression of the VA.ConclusionResection of the causative portion of the thyroid cartilage resolved the compression in this case, and should be employed in similar cases. Laryngoscope, 133:1214–1217, 2023
Optimal deployment of cultivated land quality monitoring points based on satellite image‐driven assessment and improved spatial simulated annealing
Authors: Yang Wenhao , Peng Yiping , Lin Chenjie , Yang Hao , Cheng Xinrong , Wu Xiaofang , Wen Ya , Liu Zhenhua 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe deployment of scientific and reasonable cultivated land quality (CLQ) monitoring points can provide timely and accurate information on the current situation and changes in CLQ. The conventional method of selecting CLQ monitoring points are based on the CLQ of land use patches including different grades of large patches, which reduces the reliability of monitoring CLQ. Moreover, the conventional method mainly considers only CLQ, resulting in the inaccessibility of some monitoring points. There exist knowledge gaps in deploying reliable CLQ monitoring sites in the present. Thus, to improve the reliability of CLQ monitoring, this study presented a novel approach for deploying CLQ monitoring points. The pixel‐scale CLQ was firstly estimated using the genetic algorithm‐back propagation neural network (GA‐BPNN) model and LANDSAT image‐derived predictors. Then, the stratified sampling model and the improved spatial simulated annealing algorithm (ISSA), considering both slope and road accessibility were applied to deploy monitoring points. The results highlighted that (1) the pixel‐scale CLQ data were more reasonable than the patch‐scale CLQ data with different grades. (2) A total of 132 monitoring points using the stratified sampling model and ISSA were finally identified in the study area, which can effectively avoid the inaccessible places. Thus, the results based on the novel approach proposed in this study provide a scientific basis and technical support for obtaining the optimal CLQ monitoring points.
Photothermal Solid Slippery Surfaces with Rapid Self‐Healing, Improved Anti/De‐Icing and Excellent Stability
Authors: Tan Shengda , Han Xiao , Cheng Shuman , Guo Pu , Wang Xuan , Che Pengda , Jin Rongyu , Jiang Lei , Heng Liping 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIcing phenomenon that occurs universally in nature and industry gets a great impact on human life. Over the past decades, extensive efforts have been made for a wide range of anti‐icing/deicing surfaces, but the preparation of anti‐icing/deicing interfaces that combine stability, rapid self‐healing and excellent anti‐icing/deicing performance remains a challenge. In this study, a photothermal solid slippery surface with excellent comprehensive performance is prepared by integrating cellulose acetate film, carbon nanotubes with paraffin wax (CCP). Apart from the excellent anti‐icing and deicing properties at −17 ± 1.0 °C under 1 sun illumination, the surface can further achieve deicing at temperatures as low as −22 ± 1.0 °C under infrared light. The fabricated surface also exhibits great stability when placed in harsh conditions such as underwater or ultra‐low temperature environments for over 30 days. Even when suffering from physical damage, the prepared surface can rapidly self‐repair under 1 sun illumination or near‐infrared (NIR) illumination within 16.0 ± 1.5 s. Due to the rapid and repeatable self‐healing performance, the lubricating properties of the interface material do not deteriorate even after 50 repeated abrasing‐repairing cycles. The photothermal solid slippery surface possesses wide‐ranging applications and commercial value at high latitude and altitude regions.
Criteria of structural durability proof regarding testing time for substituting of steel by aluminium components by the example of commercial vehicle wheels
Authors: Sonsino C. M. , Breitenberger M. , Krause I. , Wallmichrath M. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDer experimentelle Nachweis der Betriebsfestigkeit von Sicherheitsbauteilen stützt sich auf eine schädigungsäquivalente Reduzierung des Bemessungskollektives auf ein Versuchskollektiv mit verkürztem Umfang unter Berücksichtigung statistisch begründeter Sicherheitsfaktoren. Historisch bedingt, wurden entsprechende Versuchskollektive zunächst für Bauteile aus Stahl anhand von Wöhlerlinien für Stahl, durch Anwendung der Palmgren‐Miner Regel mit der Modifikation nach Haibach, vorgenommen. Bei der späteren Einführung von Aluminiumbauteilen stellte sich allerdings die Frage, ob der für Stahlbauteile entwickelte Sicherheitsnachweis ohne Änderung übernommen werden kann. Bedingt durch die gegenüber Stahl unterschiedlichen Neigungen der Wöhlerlinien vor und nach dem Abknickpunkt, ergeben die für Stahlbauteile abgeleiteten Versuchskollektive bei Aluminiumbauteilen eine geringere Schädigung im Vergleich zum Bemessungskollektiv. Aus diesem Grund muss, bei Verwendung eines für Stahlbauteile entwickelten Versuchskollektives oder einer Erprobungsstrecke, der geringeren Schädigung bei Aluminiumbauteilen mit einer Erhöhung der Versuchslaufzeit begegnet werden. Am Beispiel von Nutzfahrzeugrädern aus Stahl und Aluminium mit vergleichbaren höchstbeanspruchten Stellen werden die werkstoffbedingten Sachverhalte im Hinblick auf die Versuchslaufzeit für Aluminiumbauteile dargestellt.
Integrated Multi‐Cohort Analysis of the Parkinson's Disease Gut Metagenome
Authors: Boktor Joseph C. , Sharon Gil , Verhagen Metman Leo A. , Hall Deborah A. , Engen Phillip A. , Zreloff Zoe , Hakim Daniel J. , Bostick John W. , Ousey James , Lange Danielle , Humphrey Gregory , Ackermann Gail , Carlin Martha , Knight Rob , Keshavarzian Ali , Mazmanian Sarkis K. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe gut microbiome is altered in several neurologic disorders, including Parkinson's disease (PD).ObjectivesThe aim is to profile the fecal gut metagenome in PD for alterations in microbial composition, taxon abundance, metabolic pathways, and microbial gene products, and their relationship with disease progression.MethodsShotgun metagenomic sequencing was conducted on 244 stool donors from two independent cohorts in the United States, including individuals with PD (n = 48, n = 47, respectively), environmental household controls (HC, n = 29, n = 30), and community population controls (PC, n = 41, n = 49). Microbial features consistently altered in PD compared to HC and PC subjects were identified. Data were cross‐referenced to public metagenomic data sets from two previous studies in Germany and China to determine generalizable microbiome features.ResultsWe find several significantly altered taxa between PD and controls within the two cohorts sequenced in this study. Analysis across global cohorts returns consistent changes only inIntestinimonas butyriciproducens. Pathway enrichment analysis reveals disruptions in microbial carbohydrate and lipid metabolism and increased amino acid and nucleotide metabolism in PD. Global gene‐level signatures indicate an increased response to oxidative stress, decreased cellular growth and microbial motility, and disrupted intercommunity signaling.ConclusionsA metagenomic meta‐analysis of PD shows consistent and novel alterations in functional metabolic potential and microbial gene abundance across four independent studies from three continents. These data reveal that stereotypic changes in the functional potential of the gut microbiome are a consistent feature of PD, highlighting potential diagnostic and therapeutic avenues for future research. © 2023 The Authors.Movement Disorderspublished by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Implementation of a myasthenia gravis drug‐disease interaction clinical decision support tool reduces prescribing of high‐risk medications
Authors: Barra Megan E. , Webb Andrew J. , Roberts Russel J. , Ross Marjorie , Hallisey Robert , Szumita Paul , Guidon Amanda C. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIntroduction/AimsHigh‐risk medication exposure is a modifiable risk factor for myasthenic exacerbation and crisis. We evaluated whether real‐time electronic clinical decision support (CDS) was effective in reducing the rate of prescribing potentially high‐risk medications to avoid or use with caution in patients with myasthenia gravis.MethodsAn expert panel reviewed the available drug‐disease pairings and associated severity levels to activate the alerts for CDS. All unique alerts activated in both inpatient and outpatient contexts were analyzed over a two‐year period. Clinical context, alert severity, medication class, and alert action were collected. The primary outcome was alert override rate. Secondary outcomes included the percentage of unique medication exposures avoided and predictors of alert override.ResultsDuring the analysis period, 2817 unique alerts fired, representing 830 distinct patient‐medication exposures for 577 unique patients. The overall alert override rate was 85% (80.3% for inpatient alerts and 95.8% for outpatient alerts). Of unique medication‐patient exposures, 19% were avoided because of the alert. Assigned alert severity of “contraindicated” were less likely to be overridden (odds ratio [OR] 0.42, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.32–0.56), as well as alerts activated during evening staffing (OR 0.69, 95% CI 0.55–0.87).DiscussionImplementation of a myasthenia gravis drug‐disease interaction alert reduced overall patient exposure to potentially harmful medications by approximately 19%. Future optimization includes enhanced provider and pharmacist education. Further refinement of alert logic criteria to optimize medication risk reduction and reduce alert fatigue is warranted to support clinicians in prescribing and reduce electronic health record time burden.
A novel coupled thermo‐mechanical solution for layered isotropic media under various time‐dependent loadings
Authors: Zhao Yong Zhi , Ai Zhi Yong 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis study proposes a novel coupled thermo‐mechanical solution for the response of layered isotropic media subjected to time‐varying loads by applying the transformed differential quadrature method (TDQM). Different from the methods of dealing with time partial derivatives with the Laplace transform, this solution discretizes the temporal domain according to the differential quadrature rule, resulting in a more convergent solution under various time‐varying loads. Then, the governing equations are transformed into the Hankel transformed domain that can be solved by the proposed TDQM. Examples are examined to verify the proposed solution and to discuss the convergence of the method. Meanwhile, the coupled thermo‐mechanical responses of the media subjected to time‐harmonic loads are obtained by the TDQM and the method using the Laplace transform, respectively. Comparisons are made to show the better convergence and efficiency of the TDQM. Furthermore, key parameters including the linear expansion coefficients, the thermal diffusivity and the stratification are investigated. Compared with the traditional differential quadrature method (DQM), the TDQM introduces the integral transform theorem to simplify the derivation process and reduce the number of algebraic equations. Consequently, it avoids the difficulty of large‐scale matrix inversion when solving multi‐dimensional problems, and divides the solution process into small‐scale matrix inversion and numerical transform inversion, which has advantages in solution accuracy and efficiency.
Prevalence and determinants of medication adherence among patients taking antihypertensive medications in Africa: A systematic review and meta‐analysis 2010–2021
Authors: Shin Jinhee , Konlan Kennedy Diema 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimThis study synthesized the prevalence and determinants of hypertension medication adherence.DesignSystematic review and meta‐analysis through systematic search in PUBMED, EMBASE, CINAHL, Cochrane library and Google Scholar, from 2010 to 2021.MethodsScreening was conducted and reported according to PRISMA criteria, and ten studies identified according to predetermined criteria. The studies were evaluated using the Mixed Method Appraisal Tool. Analysis was done using the narrative synthesis method. Prevalence data were examined using random effects meta‐analysis in Comprehensive Meta‐Analysis version 3.ResultsThe overall prevalence of medication adherence was 34.1%, and determinants of medication adherence were the ability to attain hypertension control; hypertension knowledge; and treatment‐related factors including belief of the drug efficacy, having commodities, sociocultural and financial‐related factors. It is imperative to develop, test and use a comprehensive hypertension medication adherence tool that is culturally congruent to Africa.
Discussing racism in healthcare: A qualitative study of reflections by graduate nursing students
Authors: Odzakovic Elzana , Huus Karina , Ahlberg Beth Maina , Bradby Hannah , Hamed Sarah , Thaper‐Björkert Suruchi , Björk Maria 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimThe aim is to illustrate and analyse reflections from graduate nursing students over their experience of discussing racism in healthcare in an educational intervention.DesignA qualitative, descriptive design was adopted.MethodsData were collected through written reflections and analysed through content analysis. In total, 81 students participated in the intervention; 39 paediatric and 42 public health care nursing students. Of those, 27 participants gave consent to have their written reflections included in the study.ResultsThree main categories were developed in the content analysis of student reflections: (a) the implicit embeddedness of racism in healthcare organization; (b) the effect of racism on interactions with patients; and (c) a growing awareness of one's own understanding of racism. This study indicates that student nurses discussed racism as relevant to understanding good clinical practice for the benefit of patients and work‐based wellbeing of staff. This recognition of the organizational nature of racism warrants nursing leaders and managers to include racism as a social determinant of health in the undergraduate and graduate curricula to educate the next generation of nursing about racism.
High art down net: Conceptualizing a citizen arts philanthropy with ethical codes and a digital system
Authors: Chen Yu 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis research aims to offer a new perspective of art philanthropy, different than the traditional one, that focuses on citizen's desire for and support to art as one of the most important, collective heritage of human society. It conceptually proposes the citizen arts philanthropy (CAP) system, as well as its application in the form of a digital platform. The research proposition is based on a cross‐disciplinary review of literature on the history of arts, patronage and philanthropy, arts and philanthropy ethics, participatory philanthropy, evolution of stakeholders in the art world, and a digital citizen governance process. Analysis of the existing literature leads to the CAP conceptualization with the subsystem of artistic creation; financial, social, and practical engagement; and collective activities. Each subsystem sets its ethical codes to assure the ethics of arts philanthropy. The CAP system may be realized with a digital platform with registration, art and art philanthropy ethics setting, art selection and art philanthropy action. The digital platform is conceptualized as a collective design with citizen governance, including actors, domain, and process and includes the platform registration, art and art philanthropy ethics setting, art selection and art philanthropy action. The overall design of the CAP system offers a direct engagement of citizens in arts and arts philanthropy and assures that citizens have equalized rights and responsibilities regarding art selection and creation. It further contributes to a new ethics of arts and arts philanthropy and the ecosystem of the art world.
Sustaining land and people over time: Relationships with successor landowners on conservation easements
Authors: Rissman Adena R. , Kazer Alex , DeMets Catie , Martell Emilee 
Published: January 2023

AbstractConservation is increasingly recognized and funded on private lands. Making conservation last despite turnover in people requires maintaining social relationships. For example, conservation easements (CEs), also called conservation covenants, are legal agreements for private land conservation typically expected to last in perpetuity, yet their public benefits depend on successor landowners.We focus on the social relations in stewarding lands held by successor landowners who purchased or inherited a property after the conservation agreement was in place. We conducted 38 semi‐structured interviews with key informants, conservation organization staff and successors who own conserved properties in Wisconsin, USA.These interviews revealed the importance of the relationship between conservation organization staff and landowners and the roles of trust, shared goals, meaning‐making and power. These social relationships can influence the land management choices of landowners and compliance enforcement approaches of conservation organizations.In light of these findings, policymakers and professionals should consider rapid outreach to new owners of conserved properties and greater investments in landowner relationships to build multiple dimensions of trust, connect on shared goals and help landowners find positive meaning in conservation agreements. We recommend documenting these personal dimensions of conservation for future staff, whose effectiveness in the field depends on their ability to make conservation policy salient for particular people and places.Read the freePlain Language Summaryfor this article on the Journal blog.