bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Middle-Aged and Older Patients With Left Ventricular Hypertrophy: Higher Mortality With Drug Treated Systolic Blood Pressure Below 130 mm Hg
Authors: Heimark Sondre , Mehlum Maria H. , Mancia Giuseppe , Søraas Camilla L. , Liestøl Knut , Wachtell Kristian , Larstorp Anne C. , Rostrup Morten , Mariampillai Julian E. , Kjeldsen Sverre E. , Julius Stevo , Weber Michael A. 
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND:
Approximately 40% of people with hypertension have left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) detected by ECG or echocardiography. Because patients with LVH have poor myocardial microcirculation, they may be too sensitive to lowering systolic blood pressure (SBP) too much due to a lack of myocardial perfusion pressure. We aimed to investigate whether the average achieved SBP <130 mm Hg may cause harm in patients with LVH in the Valsartan Antihypertensive Long-Term Use Evaluation trial (VALUE).

METHODS:
Of the 15 245 VALUE participants, we identified 13 803 patients without cardiovascular events during the first 6 months after randomization. Of these, 2458 patients had electrocardiographic LVH (ECG-LVH). Cox analyses adjusted for age, gender, and baseline variables compared cardiac and all-cause mortality and other prespecified end points for patients who achieved average SBP 130 to 139 mm Hg (No-LVH group n=4863; ECG-LVH group n=929) and <130 mm Hg (No-LVH group n=2107; ECG-LVH group n=305). Reference groups were patients who achieved average SBP ≥140 mm Hg following the first excluded 6 months (No-LVH group n=4375; ECG-LVH group n=1224).

RESULTS:

The No-LVH group achieving average SBP <130 mm Hg had a significantly lower incidence of several cardiovascular end points. The ECG-LVH group achieving average SBP <130 mm Hg had higher cardiac mortality (hazard ratio, 1.98 [95% CIs, 1.06–3.70];
P
=0.032) and all-cause mortality (hazard ratio, 1.74 [95% CIs, 1.17–2.60];
P
=0.007), and SBP <130 mm Hg was not associated with a reduction in any end point.

CONCLUSIONS:
Our findings may be seen as a signal that caution is warranted when treating middle-aged and older patients with electrocardiographic or echocardiographic LVH to SBP <130 mm Hg.
Cumulative Serum Uric Acid Exposure and Its Time Course With the Risk of Incident Stroke
Authors: Tian Xue , Chen Shuohua , Xu Qin , Wang Penglian , Zhang Yijun , Zhang Xiaoli , Luo Yanxia , Wu Shouling , Wang Anxin 
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND:
Evidence on the longitudinal associations between serum uric acid (SUA) and stroke was limited and yielded inconsistent conclusions. We aimed to investigate the associations of cumulative SUA (cumSUA), incorporating the time course of cumSUA accumulation, with the risk of stroke.

METHODS:

The prospective cohort study enrolled 50 871 participants from Kailuan, China. CumSUA from 2006 to 2010 was derived by calculating the means of SUA values between consecutive examinations and multiplying by time intervals between visits. Time course of cumSUA accumulation was categorized as the slope of SUA versus time or by splitting the overall accumulation into an early (cumSUA
06-08
) and late accumulation (cumSUA
08-10
). Participants were classified by cumSUA quartiles, SUA slope (negative versus positive), and the combined median cumSUA (1105.21 μmol/L×year) with SUA slope, respectively. The associations with incident stroke between 2010 and 2019 were evaluated with competing risk model.

RESULTS:
During a median follow-up of 9.02 years, 2217 cases of incident stroke were identified. In the multivariable-adjusted model, a higher risk of stroke was observed in participants with the highest quartile versus the lowest quartile of cumSUA (subdistribution hazard ratio, 1.15 [95% CI, 1.01–1.31]), and those with a negative versus positive SUA slope (subdistribution hazard ratio, 1.09 [95% CI, 1.01–1.19]). Consistently, a later accumulation of SUA was not associated with the risk of stroke after adjustment for an early accumulation, indicating early accumulation may contribute more to the risk of stroke than later accumulation. When cumSUA was incorporated with its time course, those with changes in cumSUA suggesting early accumulation had elevated risk of stroke (subdistribution hazard ratio, 1.17 [95% CI, 1.03–1.33]). Similar results were observed for ischemic stroke.

CONCLUSIONS:
Incident stroke risk was associated with cumulative exposure to SUA and its accumulation time course. Early SUA accumulation resulted in a greater risk compared with later accumulation, underscoring the importance of early control of SUA to an optimal level.
Real-World Outcomes for Basilar Artery Occlusion Thrombectomy With Mild Deficits: The National Inpatient Sample
Authors: Patel Karan , Taneja Kamil , Obusan Matthew B. , Yaghi Shadi , Nguyen Thanh N. , Thon Jesse M. , Kass-Hout Tareq , Brorson James R. , Prabhakaran Shyam , Siegler James E. 
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND:
Thrombectomy for basilar artery occlusion (BAO) has proven efficacy in patients with moderate-to-severe deficits, but has unclear benefits for those with mild symptoms.

METHODS:
Using an observational cohort design, the US National Inpatient Sample (2018–2020) was queried for adult patients with basilar artery occlusion and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) <10 for patients treated with thrombectomy versus medical management. The primary outcome of routine discharge (to home or self-care) was evaluated using multivariable logistic regression and propensity score matching, adjusted for baseline characteristics, stroke severity, and treatment with thrombolysis.

RESULTS:

Of 17 019 with basilar artery occlusion, 5795 patients met the criteria for inclusion criteria for our study, and 880 (15.4%) were treated with endovascular thrombectomy. In the propensity score–matched cohort, 880 patients were treated with medical management and endovascular thrombectomy, respectively. In multivariable regression, endovascular thrombectomy was associated with both an increased odds of routine discharge (odds ratio, 1.95 [95% CI, 1.31–2.90];
P
=0.001) and a decreased length of hospital stay (B, −0.74 [95% CI, −1.36 to −0.11];
P
=0.02) compared with medical management. In the propensity score matched cohort, endovascular thrombectomy remained associated with greater odds of routine discharge (2.01 [95% CI, 1.21–3.34];
P
=0.007) but no difference in length of hospital stay (B, −0.22 [95% CI, −0.90 to 0.46];
P
=0.53).

CONCLUSIONS:
Routine discharge was more common in this representative US cohort of patients with basilar artery occlusion and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale <10 who underwent thrombectomy compared to conventional medical management. These findings suggest thrombectomy may be associated with better functional outcomes despite lower National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale and should be validated in a clinical trial setting.
Counting Quality, Seeing Patterns
Authors: Muzaffar Ijlal 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
What does it mean to see Third World “development” as a problem of untapped creativity? This paper argues that quick celebrations of ingenuity across the world has been part of a new mode securing expertise and legitimizing intervention that emerges after the Second World War. Propelled by architects and planners, this mode bypasses the quantitative and historical questions of colonial drain and global financial regimes to project qualitative “patterns” across the Third World as a source of immanent and self-generative change.
On the Aspirations of Architecture and Design in 20th-Century South Asia
Authors: Khandelwal Vishal 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This review compares The Museum of Modern Art's exhibition “The Project of Independence: Architectures of Decolonization in South Asia, 1947-1985” (2022) to Farhan Karim's Of Greater Dignity Than Riches: Austerity and Housing Design in India (2019). These two examples’ distinct approaches to architecture and design in twentieth-century South Asia are conditioned by their respective formats and scopes. Both the exhibition and the book draw attention to the ideas, ambitions, and aspirations undergirding architecture and design in the region, and as expressed by agents including architects, designers, bureaucrats, construction workers, intellectuals, and critics. They do so, however, towards variant critical ends that are juxtaposed and compared in this review. The final portion of this review discusses how questions of architectural and design production and conception, central towards understanding the intellectual contributions of architects, designers, and their collaborators, stand enhanced through a focus on issues of representation that also make their way into historical archives, and as such might be critically enfolded within historical narratives.
The vascular cambium revisited
Authors: Groover Andrew 
Published: June 2023

Summary
The vascular cambium presents fundamental questions about the evolution and developmental biology of plants. Over time, our perspectives of the vascular cambium have changed as new molecular and genetic approaches have augmented anatomical observations and are now providing new insights into longstanding topics related to vascular cambium evolution, development and function. At the same time, practical applications of knowledge of the vascular cambium associated with climate change give new urgency to research of how the cambium produces varied wood anatomies both among species and within individual trees that influence response to drought and heat stress. Here, two topics are discussed that are generally related to the storied research of Sherwin Carlquist and his pursuits of the vascular cambium; the identity and function of cambium initials, and the plasticity of wood anatomical traits related to adaptive hydraulic traits. This short paper ends with a call for integrative research that could provide new insights into how trees respond to climate change that take advantage of the comparative wood anatomy framework so well-articulated by Carlquist.
Characterizing Spatial Heterogeneity in Reservoir Evaporation within the Rio Grande Basin Using a Coupled Version of the Weather, Research, and Forecasting Model
Authors: Holman Kathleen D. , Mikkelson Kristin M. , Llewellyn Dagmar K. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Increasing evaporative demand from storage reservoirs is aggravating water scarcity issues across the American West. In the Rio Grande basin, open water evaporation estimates represent approximately one-fifth of all water losses from the basin. However, most estimates of reservoir evaporation rely on outdated methods, point measurements, or simplistic models. Warming temperatures and increasing atmospheric evaporative demand are stressing overallocated resources, increasing the need for improved evaporation estimates. In response to this need, we develop open water evaporation estimates at Elephant Butte Reservoir (EBR), New Mexico, using three evaporation models and field measurements. Few studies quantify spatial heterogeneity in evaporation rates across large reservoirs; we therefore focus our efforts on using the Weather Research and Forecasting Model coupled to an energy budget lake model, WRF-Lake, to simulate evaporation across EBR over the course of two years. We compare results from WRF-Lake, which simulates lake heat storage, to results from the Complementary Relationship Lake Evaporation (CRLE) model and the Global Lake Evaporation Volume dataset (GLEV). Results indicate that monthly and annual evaporation totals from WRF-Lake and GLEV are similar, while CRLE overestimates annual evaporation totals, with monthly peak evaporation offset compared to WRF-Lake and GLEV. While WRF-Lake and GLEV appear to capture monthly and annual evaporation totals, only WRF-Lake simulates differences in evaporation totals across the reservoir surface. Average annual evaporation at EBR was approximately 1487 mm, yet annual totals differed by up to 545 mm depending on location. This study improves understanding of open water evaporation and elucidates limitations of extrapolating point in situ or bulk evaporation estimates across large reservoirs.

Significance Statement
Changes in climate are amplifying the loss of stored water in reservoirs due to increases in evaporation. Water managers need to account for this water loss, but many current methods do not accurately reflect the temporal and spatial variability in evaporation across large, heterogeneous reservoirs. To address this gap, we use a numerical weather prediction model coupled to a lake model to simulate spatial heterogeneity in reservoir evaporation on a subdaily time step. Our results suggest that bulk evaporation models may be sufficient for estimating evaporation at smaller, more homogeneous reservoirs, but more complex formulations may be more appropriate for estimating evaporation rates at large, complex reservoirs and for better understanding the heat storage affects that influence temporal variability of evaporation.
Stratification Breakdown in Antarctic Coastal Polynyas. Part I: Influence of Physical Factors on the Destratification Time Scale
Authors: Xu Yilang , Zhang Weifeng (Gordon) , Maksym Ted , Ji Rubao , Li Yun 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This study examines the process of water-column stratification breakdown in Antarctic coastal polynyas adjacent to an ice shelf with a cavity underneath. This first part of a two-part sequence seeks to quantify the influence of offshore katabatic winds, alongshore winds, air temperature, and initial ambient stratification on the time scales of polynya destratification through combining process-oriented numerical simulations and analytical scaling. In particular, the often-neglected influence of wind-driven circulation on the lateral transport of the water formed at the polynya surface—which we call Polynya Source Water (PSW)—is systematically examined here. First, an ice shelf–sea ice–ocean coupled numerical model is adapted to simulate the process of PSW formation in polynyas of various configurations. The simulations highlight that (i) before reaching the bottom, majority of the PSW is actually carried away from the polynya by katabatic wind–induced offshore outflow, diminishing water-column mixing in the polynya and intrusion of the PSW into the neighboring ice shelf cavity, and (ii) alongshore coastal easterly winds, through inducing onshore Ekman transport, reduce offshore loss of the PSW and enhance polynya mixing and PSW intrusion into the cavity. Second, an analytical scaling of the destratification time scale is derived based on fundamental physical principles to quantitatively synthesize the influence of the physical factors, which is then verified by independent numerical sensitivity simulations. This work provides insights into the mechanisms that drive temporal and cross-polynya variations in stratification and PSW formation in Antarctic coastal polynyas, and establishes a framework for studying differences among the polynyas in the ocean.
Stratification Breakdown in Antarctic Coastal Polynyas. Part II: Influence of an Ice Tongue and Coastline Geometry
Authors: Xu Yilang , Zhang Weifeng (Gordon) , Maksym Ted , Ji Rubao , Li Yun 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This is Part II of a study examining wintertime destratification in Antarctic coastal polynyas, focusing on providing a qualitative description of the influence of ice tongues and headlands, both common geometric features neighboring the polynyas. The model of a coastal polynya used in Part I is modified to include an ice tongue and a headland to investigate their impacts on the dispersal of water formed at the polynya surface, which is referred to as Polynya Source Water (PSW) here. The model configuration qualitatively represents the settings of some coastal polynyas, such as the Terra Nova Bay Polynya. The simulations highlight that an ice tongue next to a polynya tends to break the alongshore symmetry in the lateral return flows toward the polynya, creating a stagnant region in the corner between the ice tongue and polynya where outflow of the PSW in the water column is suppressed. This enhances sinking of the PSW and accelerates destratification of the polynya water column. Adding a headland to the other side of the polynya tends to restore the alongshore symmetry in the lateral return flows, which increases the offshore PSW transport and slows down destratification in the polynya. This work stresses the importance of resolving small-scale geometric features in simulating vertical mixing in the polynya. It provides a framework to explain spatial and temporal variability in rates of destratification and Dense Shelf Water formation across Antarctic coastal polynyas, and helps understand why some polynyas are sources of Antarctic Bottom Water while others are not.
On the Detection of Icing Conditions at Altitude in Conjunction with Mesoscale Convective Complexes Using Balloon Sondes
Authors: Liu Chuntao , Jörgensdóttir Laufey , Walter Paul , Morris Gary A. , Flynn James H. , Kucera Paul 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Balloon-borne radiosondes are launched twice daily at coordinated times worldwide to assist with weather forecasting. Data collection from each flight is usually terminated when the balloon bursts at an altitude above 20 km. This paper highlights cases where the balloon’s turnaround occurs at lower altitudes and is associated with ice formation on the balloon, a weather condition of interest to aviation safety. Four examples of such cases are shown, where the balloon oscillates between 3- and 6-km altitude before rising to high altitudes and bursting. This oscillation is due to the accumulation and melting of ice on the balloon, causing the pattern to repeat multiple times. An analysis of National Weather Service radiosonde data over a 5-yr period and a global dataset from the National Centers for Environmental Information from 1980 to 2020 identified that 0.18% of soundings worldwide satisfied these criteria. This indicates that weather conditions important to aviation safety are not rare in the worldwide database. We recommend that soundings that show descent at altitudes lower than typically expected continue to be tracked, particularly given that these up–down-oscillating soundings can provide valuable information for weather forecasting on days with significant precipitation and icing conditions that might lead to aviation safety concerns.
Clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment, and outcome of pyogenic liver abscess: a retrospective study
Authors: Wang Hui , Xue Xiujie 
Published: June 2023

Objective The incidence of pyogenic liver abscess (PLA) continues to rise, yet atypical clinical symptoms result in considerable incidence of misdiagnosis. This study was conducted to identify potential warning indicators and summarize efficacious diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for potential clinical guidelines. Methods Hospitalized patients aged ≥18 years and diagnosed with PLA were included in this retrospective study. Data were collected from participant’s clinical records. Patients were grouped according to type 2 diabetes mellitus status and ultrasound-guided percutaneous drainage (USPD). Between-group differences were analysed with Student’s t-test. Results A total of 104 hospitalized patients were included, 33 of whom (31.73%) had type 2 diabetes. Procalcitonin levels were raised in all patients, suggesting potential effectiveness and sensitivity as a warning marker for PLA. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography was the most frequently used method (63.46% of cases) for diagnosing PLA. Klebsiella pneumoniae was the main pathogen found in patients with PLA in southeast China (isolated in 92.86% [26/28] of positive blood cultures and 90.70% [39/43] of positive abscess fluid cultures). Duration of hospital stay was shorter in patients who received USPD versus those who did not (17.91 ± 6.84 days versus 21.47 ± 9.82 days). Conclusion Types of PLA-susceptible patients, infection markers, highly sensitive imaging techniques and clinical treatment options were identified. These results may help with early accurate diagnosis of patients with PLA, avoiding treatment delay.
Children under 6 years with acute headache in Pediatric Emergency Departments. A 2-year retrospective exploratory multicenter Italian study
Authors: Raucci Umberto , Parisi Pasquale , Ferro Valentina , Margani Erika , Vanacore Nicola , Raieli Vincenzo , Bondone Claudia , Calistri Lucia , Suppiej Agnese , Palmieri Antonella , Cordelli Duccio Maria , Savasta Salvatore , Papa Amanda , Verrotti Alberto , Orsini Alessandro , D’Alonzo Renato , Pavone Piero , Falsaperla Raffaele , Velardita Mario , Nacca Raffaella , Papetti Laura , Rossi Roberta , Gioè Daniela , Malaventura Cristina , Drago Flavia , Morreale Cristina , Rossi Lucia , Foiadelli Thomas , Monticone Sonia , Mazzocchetti Chiara , Bonuccelli Alice , Greco Filippo , Marino Silvia , Monte Gabriele , Versace Antonella , Masi Stefano , Di Nardo Giovanni , Reale Antonino , Villani Alberto , Valeriani Massimiliano 
Published: June 2023

Background Preschool age (i.e. children under six years of age) represents a red flag for requiring neuroimaging to exclude secondary potentially urgent intracranial conditions (PUIC) in patients with acute headache. We investigated the clinical characteristics of preschoolers with headache to identify the features associated with a greater risk of secondary “dangerous” headache. Methods We performed a multicenter exploratory retrospective study in Italy from January 2017 to December 2018. Preschoolers with new-onset non-traumatic headache admitted to emergency department were included and were subsequently divided into two groups: hospitalized and discharged. Among hospitalized patients, we investigated the characteristics linked to potentially urgent intracranial conditions. Results We included 1455 preschoolers with acute headache. Vomiting, ocular motility disorders, ataxia, presence of neurological symptoms and signs, torticollis and nocturnal awakening were significantly associated to hospitalization. Among the 95 hospitalized patients, 34 (2.3%) had potentially urgent intracranial conditions and more frequently they had neurological symptoms and signs, papilledema, ataxia, cranial nerves paralysis, nocturnal awakening and vomiting. Nevertheless, on multivariable logistic regression analysis, we found that only ataxia and vomiting were associated with potentially urgent intracranial conditions. Conclusion Our study identified clinical features that should be carefully evaluated in the emergency department in order to obtain a prompt diagnosis and treatment of potentially urgent intracranial conditions. The prevalence of potentially urgent intracranial conditions was low in the emergency department, which may suggest that age under six should not be considered an important risk factor for malignant causes as previously thought.