bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sensitivity of temperature-based time since death estimation on measurement location
Authors: Subramaniam J. Shanmugam , Hubig M. , Muggenthaler H. , Schenkl S. , Ullrich J. , Pourtier G. , Weiser M. , Mall G. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Rectal temperature measurement (RTM) from crime scenes is an important parameter for temperature-based time of death estimation (TDE). Various influential variables exist in TDE methods like the uncertainty in thermal and environmental parameters. Although RTM depends in particular on the location of measurement position, this relationship has never been investigated separately. The presented study fills this gap using Finite Element (FE) simulations of body cooling. A manually meshed coarse human FE model and an FE geometry model developed from the CT scan of a male corpse are used for TDE sensitivity analysis. The coarse model is considered with and without a support structure of moist soil. As there is no clear definition of ideal rectal temperature measurement location for TDE, possible variations in RTM location (RTML) are considered based on anatomy and forensic practice. The maximum variation of TDE caused by RTML changes is investigated via FE simulation. Moreover, the influence of ambient temperature, of FE model change and of the models positioning on a wet soil underground are also discussed. As a general outcome, we notice that maximum TDE deviations of up to ca. 2–3 h due to RTML deviations have to be expected. The direction of maximum influence of RTML change on TDE generally was on the line caudal to cranial.
Epinephrine injection monotherapy shows similar hemostatic efficacy to epinephrine injection combined therapy in high-risk patients (Forrest Ib) with bleeding ulcers
Authors: Wang Jingsong , He Shan , Shang Guanqun , Lv Nonghua , Shu Xu , Zhu Zhenhua 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Whether combination therapy has higher hemostatic efficacy than epinephrine injection monotherapy in different Forrest classifications is not clear. This study aimed to compare hemostatic efficacy between epinephrine injection monotherapy (MT) and combination therapy (CT) based on different Forrest classifications.

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed peptic ulcer bleeding (PUB) patients who underwent endoscopic epinephrine injections or epinephrine injections combined with a second therapy between March 2014 and June 2022 in our center, and the patients were divided into MT group or CT group. Subsequently, a propensity score matching analysis (PSM) was performed and rebleeding rates were calculated according to Forrest classifications via a stratified analysis.

Results
Overall, 605 patients who met the inclusion criteria were included, and after PSM, 173 patients in each of the CT and MT groups were included. For PUB patients with nonbleeding visible vessels (FIIa), the rebleeding rates by Days 3, 7, 14, and 30 after PSM were 8.8%, 17.5%, 19.3%, and 19.3% in the MT group, respectively, and rates were 0%, 4.1%, 5.5%, and 5.5% in the CT group, respectively, with significant differences observed between the two groups by Days 3, 7, 14, and 30 (P = 0.015, P = 0.011, P = 0.014, and P = 0.014, respectively). However, for PUB patients with oozing bleeding (FIb), the rebleeding rates by Days 3, 7, 14, and 30 after PSM were 14.9%, 16.2%, 17.6%, and 17.6% in the MT group, respectively, and rates were 13.2%, 14.7%, 14.7%, and 16.2% in the CT group, respectively, with no significant differences observed between the two groups by Days 3, 7, 14, and 30 (P = 0.78, P = 0.804, P = 0.644 and P = 0.825).

Conclusion
Combined therapy has higher hemostatic efficacy than epinephrine injection monotherapy for PUB patients with visible blood vessel (FIIa) ulcers. However, epinephrine injection monotherapy is equally as effective as combined therapy for PUB patients with oozing blood (FIb) ulcers.
Associations of flow disruptions with patient, staff, and process outcomes: a prospective observational study of robotic-assisted radical prostatectomies
Authors: Koch Amelie , Quartucci Caroline , Buchner Alexander , Schlenker Boris , Becker Armin , Catchpole Ken , Weigl Matthias 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Technological advancements in the operating room (OR) have sparked new challenges for surgical workflow, OR professionals, and patient safety. Disruptive events are frequent across all surgical specialties, but little is known about their effects on patient outcomes and the influence of systemic factors. The aim was to explore the associations of intraoperative flow disruptions (FDs) with patient outcomes, staff workload, and surgery duration.

Methods
Prospective, single-center, and multi-source study comprising direct and standardized OR observations of urologic surgical procedures, clinical patient outcomes, and staff- and patient-reported outcome data (PROMs; 3-month follow-up). All data were recorded between 01/2020 and 10/2021. FDs were assessed using standardized procedure observations. Linear and logistic regression analyses including multiple system factors were used to explore the effects of FDs on surgical outcomes.

Results
61 robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy procedures were captured (with 61 patients and 243 staff reports). High rates of FDs were observed; however, our analyses did not show significant relationships with patient complication rates. Equipment- and patient-related FDs were associated with increased staff workload. No association was found between higher rates of FDs and procedure duration.

Conclusions
FDs were not related to inferior patient outcomes. Our findings may inform future OR investigations that scrutinize the complex interplay of human, team, process, and technological components that mitigate the effects of FDs during surgery.

Graphical abstract
AgAsk: an agent to help answer farmer’s questions from scientific documents
Authors: Koopman Bevan , Mourad Ahmed , Li Hang , Vegt Anton van der , Zhuang Shengyao , Gibson Simon , Dang Yash , Lawrence David , Zuccon Guido 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDecisions in agriculture are increasingly data-driven. However, valuable agricultural knowledge is often locked away in free-text reports, manuals and journal articles. Specialised search systems are needed that can mine agricultural information to provide relevant answers to users’ questions. This paper presents AgAsk—an agent able to answer natural language agriculture questions by mining scientific documents. We carefully survey and analyse farmers’ information needs. On the basis of these needs, we release an information retrieval test collection comprising real questions, a large collection of scientific documents split in passages, and ground truth relevance assessments indicating which passages are relevant to each question. We implement and evaluate a number of information retrieval models to answer farmers questions, including two state-of-the-art neural ranking models. We show that neural rankers are highly effective at matching passages to questions in this context. Finally, we propose a deployment architecture for AgAsk that includes a client based on the Telegram messaging platform and retrieval model deployed on commodity hardware. The test collection we provide is intended to stimulate more research in methods to match natural language to answers in scientific documents. While the retrieval models were evaluated in the agriculture domain, they are generalisable and of interest to others working on similar problems. The test collection is available at: https://github.com/ielab/agvaluate.
Extracorporeal liver support techniques: a comparison
Authors: Riva Ivano , Marino Antonella , Valetti Tino Martino , Marchesi Gianmariano , Fabretti Fabrizio 
Published: June 2023

AbstractExtraCorporeal Liver Support (ECLS) systems were developed with the aim of supporting the liver in its detoxification function by clearing the blood from hepatic toxic molecules. We conducted a retrospective comparative analysis on patients presenting with liver failure who were treated with different extracorporeal techniques in our intensive care unit to evaluate and compare their detoxification abilities. To verify the effectiveness of the techniques, mass balance (MB) and adsorption per hour were calculated for total bilirubin (TB), direct bilirubin (DB), and bile acids (BA) from the concentrations measured. MB represents the total amount (mg or mcMol) of a molecule removed from a solution and is the only representative parameter to verify the purification effectiveness of one system as it is not affected by the continuous production of the molecules, released in the circulation from the tissues, as it is the case for the reduction rate (RR). The total adsorption per hour is calculated by the ratio between MB and the time duration and shows the adsorption ability in an hour. Our comparative study shows the superior adsorption capability of CytoSorb system regarding TB, DB, and BA, evaluated through the MB and adsorption per hour, in comparison with CPFA, MARS, Prometheus, and PAP. In conclusion, as extracorporeal purification in liver failure could be considered useful for therapeutic purposes, Cytosorb, being more performing than other systems considered, could represent the device of first choice.
The correlations between C-reactive protein and MRI-detected inflammation in patients with axial spondyloarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Tian Haoran , Li Ting , Wang Yuanqiong , Lu Hongjuan , Lin Li , Wu Xin , Xu Huji 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
C-reactive protein (CRP) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are widely used to monitor inflammation in patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA), but the relationship between CRP and MRI-detected inflammation is incompletely understood. The present study was undertaken to assess correlations between CRP and MRI-detected inflammation in axSpA.

Materials and methods
A systematic literature search was performed (Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Library) to identify relevant studies concerning CRP and MRI-detected inflammation in axSpA patients. The MRI-detected inflammation was evaluated by MRI-based disease activity score (DAS). The correlation between CRP and MRI-based DAS was integrated by random-effect models.

Results
Eighteen studies reported a total of 1392 axSpA patients which were included in this meta-analysis. CRP was significantly associated with spinal MR DAS (r=0.226, 95%CI [0.149, 0.291], p<0.001, I2=23%). We also found a moderate correlation between CRP change and spinal MR DAS change (r[ASspiMRI-a]=0.354, 95%CI [0.282, 0.422], p<0.001, I2=48%; r[SPARCC]=0.544, 95%CI [0.345, 0.701], p<0.001, I2=19%). CRP at baseline was negatively associated with improvement in spinal MR DAS (r= − 0.327, 95%CI [−0.397, −0.264], p<0.001, I2=0%). However, no significant association was found between CRP and sacroiliac joint (SIJ) MR DAS.

Conclusions
In axSpA patients, CRP is associated with MRI-detected inflammation in the spine but not in SIJ. We speculate that CRP could be a reasonable index to reflect spinal inflammation. Therefore, we suggest it is not essential to repeat spinal MRI in a short term, while SIJ MRI may be necessary to provide additional information on inflammation.

Key Points• CRP is associated with MRI-detected inflammation in the spine but not in sacroiliac joints.• CRP at baseline was negatively associated with improvement in spinal MR DAS.• It was not essential to repeat spinal MRI frequently, while SIJ MRI may be necessary to provide additional information on inflammation.
Fun, Fitness, and Relaxation: Using Participatory Research to Explore Dance/Movement Therapy with Women Navigating the Criminal Justice System in Australia
Authors: Dumaresq Ella 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis paper communicates findings from a doctoral research project which used dance/movement therapy (DMT) to engage two women navigating the criminal justice system in Australia. A feminist-informed participatory research design was applied to learn about each woman’s experience and to explore the possible health promoting benefits of community-based DMT. Women serving time on community correctional orders were invited to attend drop-in DMT workshops which were held in a drug and alcohol recovery centre. Participants were invited to offer feedback which was analyzed using reflexive and interpretative methods of ethnographic data generation. Three themes emerged through the data which were understood to reflect simple notions of fun, fitness, and relaxation in DMT. Although limited to a small number of participants, this study undertook a close reading of each woman’s feedback and considered themes in light of trauma theory. Drawing from the women’s responses, the study articulates the beginnings of an ‘exercisePLUS’ perspective: a theoretical rationale which validates the role of exercise in DMT and discusses its potential therapeutic significance. Neurobiological trauma frameworks are used to articulate the findings, however, the research seeks to challenge assumptions within the medical model, such as the ‘expert’ positioning of the therapist. In doing so, this research aims to contribute toward the further development of community-based perspectives in DMT practice, and, offers a theoretical rationale for the use of DMT within a forensic context.
Heart Rate Variability Biofeedback for Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A Randomized-Controlled Study
Authors: Lu Hsueh Chen , Gevirtz Richard , Yang Chi Cheng , Hauson Alexander O. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTo determine whether heart rate variability biofeedback (HRV-BF) training, compared to a psychoeducation control condition can strengthen the integration of the central and autonomic nervous systems as measured by neuropsychological measures in patients with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). Participants were recruited from two university hospitals in Taipei, Taiwan. A total of 49 participants with mTBI were recruited for this study. Forty-one participants completed the study, 21 in the psychoeducation group and 20 in the HRV-BF group. Randomized controlled study. The Taiwanese Frontal Assessment Battery, the Semantic Association of Verbal Fluency Test, the Taiwanese version of the Word Sequence Learning Test, the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test-Revised, and the Trail Making Test were used as performance-based neuropsychological functioning measures. The Checklist of Post-concussion Symptoms, the Taiwanese version of the Dysexecutive Questionnaire, the Beck Anxiety Inventory, the Beck Depression Inventory, and the National Taiwan University Irritability Scale were used as self-report neuropsychological functioning measures. Furthermore, heart rate variability pre- vs. post-training was used to measure autonomic nervous system functioning. Executive, information processing, verbal memory, emotional neuropsychological functioning, and heart rate variability (HRV) were improved significantly in the HRV-BF group at the posttest whereas the psychoeducation group showed no change. HRV biofeedback is a feasible technique following mild TBI that can improve neuropsychological and autonomic nervous system functioning. HRV-BF may be clinically feasible for the rehabilitation of patients with mTBI.
Online teaching in higher education during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Svihus Cathrine Larsen 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBecause of COVID-19, online teaching has become a necessity for most educators in higher education. Before the pandemic, the technology was merely accepted and adopted by a few educators, hence only being used to a small degree compared with traditional face-to-face teaching. However, as an emergency online teaching strategy was implemented to support students’ progression, many educators transferred their lectures online as is. Various concerns occurred, leading to an investigation into how experienced online teachers promoted participating behavior in their classes, what challenges they perceived as a result of COVID-19 and how those were handled. These are important factors for adapting to the new normal, which is defined as the changes and adaptations that have occurred in higher education, including a shift toward a more flexible and adaptable approach in the educational experience. The study was conducted using semistructural interviews with six educators who met the following criteria: teach online in universities (colleges), have positive relations to online teaching, and have participation among/with students. Here, participation refers to contributing in discussions, asking questions, and/or commenting via voice, chat, or other interactive exercises such as roleplay/using whiteboard in Zoom. Findings suggest that attitude and experience are important factors for promoting participation in an online setting and contributing to a new normal after the pandemic. Challenges such as expectations and black screens were aspects for which no one had prepared and, hence, were difficult for educators to manage. Some strategies used included asynchronous resources, role play, and external tools to teach students and establish rapport.
Genetic variants in the adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette transporter A1 and risk of age-related macular degeneration
Authors: Nordestgaard Liv Tybjærg , Christoffersen Mette , Afzal Shoaib , Nordestgaard Børge Grønne , Tybjærg-Hansen Anne , Frikke-Schmidt Ruth 
Published: June 2023

AbstractGenetic variants in ABCA1 are associated with higher concentrations of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. Higher HDL cholesterol concentrations are observationally and genetically associated with higher risk of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). However, whether amino acid-changing genetic variants in ABCA1 associated with high HDL cholesterol concentrations confer a higher risk of AMD in the general population is currently unknown. We tested this hypothesis. The study included 80,972 individuals (1,370 AMD cases) from the Copenhagen General Population Study (CGPS) and 9,584 individuals (142 AMD cases) from the Copenhagen City Heart Study (CCHS) with 10 to 18 years of follow-up. We created an HDL cholesterol weighted allele score based on amino acid-changing ABCA1 variants with a minor allele frequency above 0.001 and divided it into tertiles. The study included 55% women. Mean age was 58 years. The ABCA1 allele score for the third versus the first tertile was associated with HRs (95% confidence intervals (CIs)) of 1.30 (1.14–1.49) for all-cause AMD, 1.26 (1.06–1.50) for nonneovascular AMD, and 1.31 (1.12–1.53) for neovascular AMD in a multivariable adjusted model. On a continuous scale, higher concentrations of genetically determined HDL cholesterol were associated with higher risk of all-cause AMD, nonneovascular AMD, and neovascular AMD in an age- and sex adjusted model and in a multivariable adjusted model. In conclusion, amino acid-changing genetic variants in ABCA1 associated with higher HDL cholesterol concentrations were also associated with higher risk of AMD, suggesting a role for ABCA1 in AMD pathogenesis.
A tour through brexit Britain
Authors: Ward Ian 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis article embarks on a tour of Brexit Britain in the company of the eighteenth-century writer Daniel Defoe. The closer text is his A Tour Through the Whole Island of Great Britain, published between 1724 and 1726. Defoe wrote his Tour, in considerable part, as a gentleman’s guide to the newly ‘United’ Kingdom of Great Britain. It seems apt to revisit Defoe’s Tour given the stresses which presently test the integrity of this same union three centuries on. Stresses which moreover have been exacerbated by Britain’s tortured attempt to extricate itself from another Union, the European. The article will, in fact, revisit just three of the places to which Defoe invited his readers; Rochester, Westminster and Edinburgh. The reason for these three destinations will become apparent.
True Turing: A Bird’s-Eye View
Authors: Daylight Edgar 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAlan Turing is often portrayed as a materialist in secondary literature. In the present article, I suggest that Turing was instead an idealist, inspired by Cambridge scholars, Arthur Eddington, Ernest Hobson, James Jeans and John McTaggart. I outline Turing’s developing thoughts and his legacy in the USA to date. Specifically, I contrast Turing’s two notions of computability (both from 1936) and distinguish between Turing’s “machine intelligence” in the UK and the more well-known “artificial intelligence” in the USA. According to my proposed historical interpretation, Turing did not view computations in the real world to be exhaustively and deterministically characterized by his automatic machines from 1936.
MRI radiomics-based machine learning for classification of deep-seated lipoma and atypical lipomatous tumor of the extremities
Authors: Gitto Salvatore , Interlenghi Matteo , Cuocolo Renato , Salvatore Christian , Giannetta Vincenzo , Badalyan Julietta , Gallazzi Enrico , Spinelli Maria Silvia , Gallazzi Mauro , Serpi Francesca , Messina Carmelo , Albano Domenico , Annovazzi Alessio , Anelli Vincenzo , Baldi Jacopo , Aliprandi Alberto , Armiraglio Elisabetta , Parafioriti Antonina , Daolio Primo Andrea , Luzzati Alessandro , Biagini Roberto , Castiglioni Isabella , Sconfienza Luca Maria 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To determine diagnostic performance of MRI radiomics-based machine learning for classification of deep-seated lipoma and atypical lipomatous tumor (ALT) of the extremities.

Material and methods
This retrospective study was performed at three tertiary sarcoma centers and included 150 patients with surgically treated and histology-proven lesions. The training-validation cohort consisted of 114 patients from centers 1 and 2 (n = 64 lipoma, n = 50 ALT). The external test cohort consisted of 36 patients from center 3 (n = 24 lipoma, n = 12 ALT). 3D segmentation was manually performed on T1- and T2-weighted MRI. After extraction and selection of radiomic features, three machine learning classifiers were trained and validated using nested fivefold cross-validation. The best-performing classifier according to previous analysis was evaluated and compared to an experienced musculoskeletal radiologist in the external test cohort.

Results
Eight features passed feature selection and were incorporated into the machine learning models. After training and validation (74% ROC-AUC), the best-performing classifier (Random Forest) showed 92% sensitivity and 33% specificity in the external test cohort with no statistical difference compared to the radiologist (p = 0.474).

Conclusion
MRI radiomics-based machine learning may classify deep-seated lipoma and ALT of the extremities with high sensitivity and negative predictive value, thus potentially serving as a non-invasive screening tool to reduce unnecessary referral to tertiary tumor centers.