bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cynical hostility increases whereas sense of coherence decreases the odds for current suicidal thoughts: A cross‐sectional study of the general adult population sample
Authors: Palmu Raimo , Partonen Timo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsEarlier, somatic diseases and mental disorders have been associated with cynical hostility as well as sense of coherence, but there is a gap of knowledge, whether they contribute to suicidality at population level.MethodsA random sample of adults, representative of the general population living in Finland, participated in a nationwide health examination study. For 4387 participants aged 18–97 years, we analyzed, after controlling for confounding factors, whether cynical hostility, as assessed with the 8‐item Cook‐Medley Hostility Scale, or sense of coherence, as assessed with the 13‐item Sense of Coherence Scale, contributed to current suicidal thoughts during the past 7 days as scored on the 25‐item Hopkins Symptom Checklist.ResultsSuicidal thoughts (current thoughts of ending one's life) were associated significantly with cynical hostility (p < 0.001) as well as with sense of coherence (p < 0.001). Of the specific items of cynical hostility, the item “I am sure that most people do not have problems with lying for their own good” was associated most strongly with current suicidal thoughts (p < 0.001).ConclusionCynical hostility predicted current suicidal thoughts in a population‐based sample of adults aged 18–97 years. Sense of coherence protected from current suicidal thoughts.
Optimization of machine learning classification models for tumor cells based on cell elements heterogeneity with laser‐induced breakdown spectroscopy
Authors: Wang Yimeng , Huang Da , Shu Kaiqiang , Xu Yingtong , Duan Yixiang , Fan Qingwen , Lin Qingyu , Tuchin Valery V. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe rapid and accurate diagnosis of cancer is an important topic in clinical medicine. In the present work, an innovative method based on laser‐induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) combined with machine learning was developed to distinguish and classify different tumor cell lines. The LIBS spectra of cells were first acquired. Then the spectral pre‐processing was performed as well as detailed optimization to improve the classification accuracy. After that, the convolutional neural network (CNN), support vector machine (SVM), and K‐nearest neighbors were further compared for the optimized classification ability of tumor cells. Both the CNN algorithm and SVM algorithm have achieved impressive discrimination performances for tumor cells distinguishing, with an accuracy of 97.72%. The results show that the heterogeneity of elements in tumor cells plays an important role in distinguishing the cells. It also means that the LIBS technique can be used as a fast classification method for classifying tumor cells.
A Novel RUNX1 Genetic Variant Identified in a Young Male with Severe Osteoporosis
Authors: Block Tomasz J. , Shore‐Lorenti Cat , Zebaze Roger , Kerr Peter G. , Kalff Anna , Perkins Andrew Charles , Ebeling Peter R. , Milat Frances 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACTThis case describes a young man with an unusual cause of severe osteoporosis and markedly deranged bone microarchitecture resulting in multiple fractures. A potentially pathogenic germline variant in the runt‐related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) gene was discovered by a focused 51‐gene myeloid malignancy panel during investigation for his unexplained normochromic normocytic anemia. Further bone‐specific genetic testing and a pedigree analysis were declined by the patient. Recent experimental evidence demonstrates that RUNX1 plays a key role in the regulation of osteogenesis and bone homeostasis during skeletal development, mediated by the bone morphogenic protein and Wnt signaling pathways. Therefore, rarer causes of osteoporosis, including those affecting bone formation, should be considered in young patients with multiple unexpected minimal trauma fractures. © 2023 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Evaluation of Truncated AUC as an Alternative Measure to Assess Pharmacokinetic Comparability in Bridging Biologic–Device Using Prefilled Syringes and Autoinjectors
Authors: Wen Ya‐Feng , Ji Ping , Schrieber Sarah J. , Rathi Sneha , McGuirt Delaney , Liu Jiang , Chen Jianmeng , Wang Yow‐Ming , Doddapaneni Suresh , Sahajwalla Chandrahas 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPharmacokinetic (PK) comparisons between therapeutic biologics have largely been based on the total area under the concentration–time curve (AUC) and the maximum concentration (Cmax). For biologics with a long half‐life, a PK comparability study may be long in duration and costly to conduct. The goal of this study was to evaluate whether a truncated AUC (tAUC) can be used to assess PK comparability when bridging prefilled syringe (PFS) and autoinjector (AI) treatment options for biologics with a long half‐life. Fifteen biologics license applications (BLAs) were included to determine the concordance and geometric percent coefficient of variation (%CV) between tAUCs evaluated on days 7, 14, 21, and 28 and AUC evaluated to infinity (AUC0–inf). Concordance is established if the tAUCs are comparable with AUC0–inf. Trial simulation was performed to examine the effect of the absorption rate constant (ka) and sample size on the concordance of tAUCs. The tAUCs evaluated on day 14, 21, and 28 had 100% concordance with AUC0–inf for all 15 BLAs. The concordance of tAUC evaluated at day 7 was 87.5%. Based on the trial simulation, tAUC evaluated to day 28 post‐dose can achieve high concordance (≥85%) for biologics exhibiting linear or nonlinear elimination with a ka of ≥0.1/day and with a sample size of 70 subjects per arm. tAUC appears to be a promising alternative PK measure, relative to AUC0–inf, for PK comparability assessments.
Short‐ and Long‐Term MRI Assessed Hemodynamic Changes in Pediatric Moyamoya Patients After Revascularization
Authors: Zhao Moss Y. , Tong Elizabeth , Duarte Armindo Rui , Fettahoglu Ates , Choi Jason , Bagley Jacob , Yeom Kristen W. , Moseley Michael , Steinberg Gary K. , Zaharchuk Greg 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundCerebrovascular reserve (CVR) reflects the capacity of cerebral blood flow (CBF) to change following a vasodilation challenge. Decreased CVR is associated with a higher stroke risk in patients with cerebrovascular diseases. While revascularization can improve CVR and reduce this risk in adult patients with vasculopathy such as those with Moyamoya disease, its impact on hemodynamics in pediatric patients remains to be elucidated. Arterial spin labeling (ASL) is a quantitative MRI technique that can measure CBF, CVR, and arterial transit time (ATT) non‐invasively.PurposeTo investigate the short‐ and long‐term changes in hemodynamics after bypass surgeries in patients with Moyamoya disease.Study TypeLongitudinal.PopulationForty‐six patients (11 months–18 years, 28 females) with Moyamoya disease.Field Strength/Sequence3‐T, single‐ and multi‐delay ASL, T1‐weighted, T2‐FLAIR, 3D MRA.AssessmentImaging was performed 2 weeks before and 1 week and 6 months after surgical intervention. Acetazolamide was employed to induce vasodilation during the imaging procedure. CBF and ATT were measured by fitting the ASL data to the general kinetic model. CVR was computed as the percentage change in CBF. The mean CBF, ATT, and CVR values were measured in the regions affected by vasculopathy.Statistical TestsPre‐ and post‐revascularization CVR, CBF, and ATT were compared for different regions of the brain. P‐values <0.05 were considered statistically significant.ResultsASL‐derived CBF in flow territories affected by vasculopathy significantly increased after bypass by 41 ± 31% within a week. At 6 months, CBF significantly increased by 51 ± 34%, CVR increased by 68 ± 33%, and ATT was significantly reduced by 6.6 ± 2.9%.Data ConclusionThere may be short‐ and long‐term improvement in the hemodynamic parameters of pediatric Moyamoya patients after bypass surgery.Evidence Level4Technical EfficacyStage 2
Detection of Dolichoectasia and Atherosclerosis by Automated MRA Tortuosity Metrics in a Population‐Based Study
Authors: Zhou Shang , Qiao Ye , Zhou Xinwei , Wasserman Bruce A. , Caughey Melissa C. 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundIntracranial vessel tortuosity is a key component of dolichoectasia and has been associated with atherosclerosis and adverse neurologic outcomes. However, the evaluation of tortuosity is mainly a descriptive assessment.PurposeTo compare the performance of three automated tortuosity metrics (angle metric [AM], distance metric [DM], and distance‐to‐axis metric [DTA]) for detection of dolichoectasia and presence of segment‐specific plaques.Study TypeObservational, cross‐sectional metric assessment.Population1899 adults from the general population; mean age = 76 years, female = 59%, and black = 29%.Field Strength/Sequence3‐T, three‐dimensional (3D) time‐of‐flight MRA and 3D vessel wall MRI.AssessmentTortuosity metrics and mean luminal area were quantified for designated segments of the internal carotid artery, middle cerebral artery, anterior cerebral artery, posterior cerebral artery, vertebral artery, and entire length of basilar artery (BA). Qualitative interpretations of BA dolichoectasia were assessed based on Smoker's visual criteria.Statistical TestsDescriptive statistics (2‐sample t‐tests, Pearson chi‐square tests) for group comparisons. Receiver operating characteristics area under the curve (AUC) for detection of BA dolichoectasia or segment‐specific plaque. Model inputs included 1) tortuosity metrics, 2) mean luminal area, and 3) demographics (age, race, and sex).ResultsQualitative dolichoectasia was identified in 336 (18%) participants, and atherosclerotic plaques were detected in 192 (10%) participants. AM‐, DM‐, and DTA‐calculated tortuosity were good individual discriminators of basilar dolichoectasia (AUCs: 0.76, 0.74, and 0.75, respectively), with model performance improving with the mean lumen area: (AUCs: 0.88, 0.87, and 0.87, respectively). Combined characteristics (tortuosity and mean luminal area) identified plaques with better performance in the anterior (AUCs ranging from 0.66 to 0.78) than posterior (AUCs ranging from 0.54 to 0.65) circulation, with all models improving by the addition of demographics (AUCs ranging from 0.62 to 0.84).Data ConclusionQuantitative vessel tortuosity metrics yield good diagnostic accuracy for the detection of dolichoectasia.Level of Evidence1Technical Efficacy Stage2
Significance of Arterial Spin Labeling for Reducing Biopsies in Patients With Kidney Allograft Dysfunction
Authors: Wang Wei , Yu Yuanmeng , Li Xue , Chen Jinsong , Zhang Longjiang , Wen Jiqiu 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundAlthough biopsy is often entailed for managing patients with kidney allograft dysfunction, it is associated with potential complications of severe hemorrhage. Arterial spin labeling (ASL) is a non‐invasive technique that assesses tissue perfusion.PurposeTo assess the utility of ASL for the discrimination of patients with post‐transplant allograft dysfunction who do not need biopsy from those who need.Study TypeProspective.SubjectsForty‐six patients (34 males/12 females, aged 38.8 ± 9.5 years) with kidney allograft dysfunction, including 31 in which biopsy directly lead to changes in management (NECESSARY group) and 15 in which clinical management did not alter after biopsy (UNNECESSARY group).Field Strength/Sequence3.0 T and 3D fast‐spin echo sequence.AssessmentAll patients underwent both ASL scan and biopsies. The serum creatinine, proteinuria, pathologic results, and cortical ASL readings were obtained and compared between the two groups.Statistical AnalysesChi‐square test, independent student t‐test, Mann–Whitney U test, receiver‐operating characteristic curve. A two‐tailed P < 0.05 denoted statistical significance.ResultsThe NECESSARY group presented with significantly elevated serum creatinine as compared with the UNNECESSARY group (1.87 ± 0.56 mg/dL vs. 1.31 ± 0.37 mg/dL). The acute composite score was significantly higher in the NECESSARY group than that in the UNNECESSARY group (7 [4–8] vs. 1 [0–2]). Cortical ASL in the NECESSARY group was significantly decreased as compared with the UNNECESSARY group (108.06 [69.96–134.92] mL/min/100 g vs. 153.48 [113.19–160.37] mL/min/100 g). Serum creatinine differentiated UNNCESSARY group from the NECESSARY group with an area under the curve (AUC) and specificity of 0.79 and 54.84%, respectively. By comparison, the cortical ASL yielded an AUC of 0.75 and a specificity of 70.97%. Notably, the specificity was increased to 90.30% by combined use of serum creatinine and cortical ASL.Data ConclusionThe combined use of ASL and serum creatinine yielded a high specificity for selecting patients who may not need allograft biopsy.Level of Evidence2Technical EfficacyStage 3
Rotavirus vaccination as a public health strategy to reduce the burden of hospitalization: The field experience of Italy (2008−2018)
Authors: Amodio Emanuele , D'Anna Antonio , Verso Maria G. , Leonforte Francesco , Genovese Dario , Vitale Francesco 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRotavirus (RV) infection is a leading cause of severe diarrhea among children younger than 5 years old and a considerable cause of RV gastroenteritis (RVGE) hospitalization. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of vaccination in Italy in the reduction of the burden of RV‐related disease, estimating the relation between vaccination coverage and hospitalization rates. RVGE‐related hospitalizations that occurred in Italy from 2008 to 2018 among children aged 0−35 months were assessed by consulting the Hospital Discharge Record database and including records whose ICD‐9‐CM diagnosis code was 008.61 in the first or in any diagnosis position. In the 2008−2018 period, a total of 17 535 791 at‐risk person‐years were considered and 74 211 (423.2 cases × 100 000 per year) RVGE hospitalizations were observed. Higher hospitalization rates occurred in males (456.6 vs. 387.9 × 100 000 per year) and in children aged 1 year (507.8 × 100 000 per year). Poisson regression analysis showed a decrease of −1.25% in hospitalization rates (−1.19% to −1.31%, p < 0.001) per unit increase in vaccination coverage. This is the first study that correlates hospitalization rate reduction with a percentage increase in vaccination coverage. Our findings strongly support RV vaccination as an effective public health strategy for reducing RVGE‐related hospitalizations.
The state of motivational interviewing training in school counseling graduate programs
Authors: North Reagan , Pincus Robert 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMotivational interviewing (MI) is a brief, evidence‐based counseling style that helps people make positive behavior changes. Scholars have advocated for MI's use by school counselors (SCs), and research lends evidence to MI's effectiveness in schools. However, there are little data focused on how SCs are trained to utilize MI. Researchers investigated MI training in school counseling graduate programs from the perspective of SCs and counselor educators (CEs). The article presents two qualitative studies that discussed the importance of MI training in graduate programs. Researchers identified six themes and discussed their implications for graduate programs.
Temporal and spatial effects on C‐reactive protein's regulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase production in periodontal disease
Authors: Li Lingjie , Jia Lurong , Hou Siyu , Zhang Tingwei , Zhou Mengjiao , Chen Tao , Song Jinlin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundInducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is associated with inflammation and osteoclastic differentiation in periodontal disease. This study was conducted to compare the time‐dependent variation in iNOS production between the gingiva and other periodontal tissues and to explore the potential association with C‐reactive protein (CRP) in early periodontal disease.MethodsLigature‐induced periodontal disease models (0–14 days) were established in wild‐type and CRP knockout rats. Changes in CRP, iNOS, and autophagy levels were examined in the gingiva and other periodontal tissues. Macrophages were treated with lipopolysaccharide and chloroquine to explore the role of autophagy in iNOS production. iNOS, CRP, and autophagy‐related proteins were analyzed using Western blotting, immunostaining, and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays. mRNA expression was detected by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used for histological analysis. Cathepsin K immunostaining and microcomputed tomography of the maxillae were performed to compare alveolar bone resorption.ResultsiNOS and CRP levels increased rapidly in periodontal tissues, as observed on Day 2 of ligature, then decreased more rapidly in the gingiva than in other periodontal tissues. CRP deficiency did not prevent iNOS generation, but effectively accelerated iNOS reduction and delayed alveolar bone loss. The CRP effect on iNOS was accompanied by a change in autophagy, which was reduced by CRP knockout.ConclusionsThe regulation of iNOS by CRP shows temporospatial variation in early periodontal disease and is potentially associated with autophagy. These findings may contribute to the early detection and targeted treatment of periodontal disease.
Alkane biosynthesis is promoted in methyl jasmonate‐treated sweet cherry (Prunus avium) fruit cuticles
Authors: Balbontín Cristián , Gutiérrez Camilo , Schreiber Lukas , Zeisler‐Diehl Viktoria V. , Marín Juan C. , Urrutia Victoria , Hirzel Juan , Figueroa Carlos R. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe cuticle plays an important role in the survival of plants, and it is important to preserve the quality of fleshy fruits like sweet cherry. Plant hormones play a role in cuticle formation. In this sense, jasmonates have been shown to induce cuticle biosynthesis, but until today this has not been demonstrated in sweet cherry fruit. Therefore, the effect of exogenous methyl jasmonate (MeJA) application at the fruit set stage on the expression levels of cuticle synthesis‐related genes and the wax composition of the isolated cuticle was studied in developing and ripe fruits of sweet cherry (Prunus avium ‘Bing’), respectively.ResultsMeJA treatment resulted in up‐regulation of the cuticle biosynthesis‐related gene expression, such as PaWINA, PaWINB, PaKCS1, PaKCS6, PaLACS1, PaLACS2, PaWS, and PaWBC11. These genes play a vital role in the elongation and transport of fatty acids, and wax biosynthesis. Analysis of cuticular components in ripe fruit showed an increase in long‐chain linear aliphatic wax compounds, particularly C27, C28, C29, C30, and C31 alkanes.ConclusionExogenous MeJA application at the fruit set stage of sweet cherry has a significant effect on the wax composition of the ripe fruit cuticle, particularly in terms of alkane biosynthesis. The results of this study may provide insights into the regulation of cuticle biosynthesis by jasmonates and be useful for improving fruit quality and storage life. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Determination of rhein and physcion in rhubarb by microchip capillary electrophoresis in mixed hydro‐organic solvent combined with laser‐induced fluorescence detection
Authors: Chen ShengHao , Liang YanLan , Li YuanYuan , Sun Yue , He Yang 
Published: July 2023

Microchip capillary electrophoresis in mixed hydro‐organic solvent combined with laser‐induced fluorescence detection was developed for the separation and detection of physcion and rhein in rhubarb. In contrast to the conventional capillary electrophoresis method, ammonium acetate‐dimethyl sulfoxide was used as the basic buffer system in this method. The effects of background buffer, buffer apparent pH*, buffer concentration, water ratio, sample preparation method, and separation voltage on separation and detection were investigated. Optimized separation and detection conditions were obtained: the buffer consisted of 20 mmol/L of ammonium acetate in hydro‐organic solvent composed dimethyl sulfoxide, formamide, and water mixed at 60/20/20 (v/v/v) ratio. The separation voltage was 1.9 kV. Under these conditions, the physcion, rhein, and other components of rhubarb can be completely separated within 150 s. Under the methodological verification, good linearity (R ≥ 0.9995) for physcion and rhein, and low limits of detection (0.085 μg·mL−1 and 0.077 μg·mL−1, respectively), satisfactory peak area precisions, migration time precisions (1.74%–3.09%), and accuracy (recovery rate 97.8% and 101.4%) were achieved. It is shown that the proposed method is simple, efficient, fast, sensitive, simple instrument, consumes few samples, has low operating cost, and is linear.
A protocol for fabrication of polymer monolithic capillary columns and tuning the morphology targeting high‐resolution bioanalysis in gradient‐elution liquid chromatography
Authors: Zhou Zhuoheng , Hilder Emily F. , Eeltink Sebastiaan 
Published: July 2023

Polymer monolithic stationary phases are designed as a continuous interconnected globular material perfused by macropores. Like packed column, where separation efficiency is related to particle diameter, the efficiency of monoliths can be enhanced by tuning the size of both the microglobules and macropores. This protocol described the synthesis of poly(styrene‐co‐divinylbenzene) monolithic stationary phases in capillary column formats. Moreover, guidelines are provided to tune the macropore structure targeting high‐throughput and high‐resolution monolith chromatography. The versatility of these columns is exemplified by their ability to separate tryptic digests, intact proteins, and oligonucleotides under a variety of chromatographic conditions. The repeatability of the presented column fabrication process is demonstrated by the successful creation of 12 columns in three different column batches, as evidenced by the consistency of retention times (coefficients of variance [c.v.] = 0.9%), peak widths (c.v. = 4.7%), and column pressures (c.v. = 3.1%) across the batches.
Radiofrequency Neurolysis of the Posterior Nasal Nerve: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Yu Alison J. , Tam Benjamin , Wrobel Bozena , Hur Kevin 
Published: July 2023

ObjectiveTemperature‐controlled radiofrequency neurolysis of the posterior nasal nerve (PNN) has been approved for use since 2020. This review synthesized the published data to assess its efficacy for treatment of chronic rhinitis.Data SourcesPubmed/Medline, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science.Review MethodsA systematic search was conducted with no restrictions on publication years in April 2023. RCTs and prospective investigations that reported the reflective Total Nasal Symptom Score (rTNSS) outcome of radiofrequency neurolysis as a single procedure in chronic rhinitis patients were included. Pooled estimates for change in rTNSS from baseline at 3 months and responder rates (≥30% reduction in baseline rTNSS) at 3 and 6 months were obtained. Other outcomes, such as postnasal drip and cough scores, quality of life (QoL) measures, and adverse events were included for qualitative review.ResultsFive studies were included in the systematic review, of which four were included in the meta‐analysis. A total of 284 participants underwent treatment. The pooled change in rTNSS score at 3 months was −4.28 (95% CI, −5.10 to −3.46). The pooled responder rate at 3 months was 77.11% (95% CI, 68.21%–86.01%) and at 6 months 80.80% (95% CI, 70.85%–90.76%). Postnasal drip and cough scores and QoL also improved significantly at follow up. A total of 36 adverse events were reported in 21 (7.4%) patients.ConclusionsThe findings from this review suggest that temperature‐controlled radiofrequency neurolysis of the PNN is effective at treating chronic rhinitis symptoms and that it has an overall favorable safety profile. Laryngoscope, 134:507–516, 2024