bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nanomechanical absorption spectroscopy of 2D materials with femtowatt sensitivity
Authors: Kirchhof Jan N , Yu Yuefeng , Yagodkin Denis , Stetzuhn Nele , de Araújo Daniel B , Kanellopulos Kostas , Manas-Valero Samuel , Coronado Eugenio , van der Zant Herre , Reich Stephanie , Schmid Silvan , Bolotin Kirill I 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Nanomechanical spectroscopy (NMS) is a recently developed approach to determine optical absorption spectra of nanoscale materials via mechanical measurements. It is based on measuring changes in the resonance frequency of a membrane resonator vs. the photon energy of incoming light. This method is a direct measurement of absorption, which has practical advantages compared to common optical spectroscopy approaches. In the case of two-dimensional (2D) materials, NMS overcomes limitations inherent to conventional optical methods, such as the complications associated with measurements at high magnetic fields and low temperatures. In this work, we develop a protocol for NMS of 2D materials that yields two orders of magnitude improved sensitivity compared to previous approaches, while being simpler to use. To this end, we use mechanical sample actuation, which simplifies the experiment and provides a reliable calibration for greater accuracy. Additionally, the use of low-stress silicon nitride membranes as our substrate reduces the noise-equivalent power to

NEP

=
890

fW

H
z

−
1

, comparable to commercial semiconductor photodetectors. We use our approach to spectroscopically characterize a 2D transition metal dichalcogenide (WS2), a layered magnetic semiconductor (CrPS4), and a plasmonic super-crystal consisting of gold nanoparticles.
The implementation of Shannon-limited polar codes-based information reconciliation for quantum key distribution
Authors: Guo Junbin , Tang Bangying , Lai Tingqin , Liang Xiaolin , Zhang Siyuan , Tian Zhiyu , Huang Jinquan , Yuan Xuelin , Yu Wanrong , Liu Bo , Luo Shaobo , Sun Shihai 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Quantum key distribution (QKD) gives a way to generate unconditionally secure keys for two remote users, Alice and Bob. Information reconciliation (IR), which can correct the errors caused by the imperfections of the QKD systems, is a critical component in QKD. Due to the high-security requirements and large volumes of data processing, robustness and efficiency are two main factors that must be considered for the implementation of IR. The polar codes-based IR has several potential advantages, such as capacity to reach Shannon-limit, high IR efficiency, and low computational complexity. Although CPU-based IR is always implemented in most of the previous works, it is not the optimal implementation in terms of performance and power dissipation. To the best of our knowledge, there is still no work to build a special-purpose hardware module for polar codes-based IR. In this paper, a dedicated design of hardware accelerator is first proposed for polar codes-based IR, in which the block-checked successive cancellation list (SCL) algorithm is used to verify the consistency of the sifted keys, and the overall failure probability of IR is significantly reduced. The proposed design is constructed into a partially-unrolled parallel architecture to accelerate the core decoder as well as balance the resource utilization. Furthermore, the hardware implementation is completed based on Xilinx Zynq UltraScale+ XCZU5EV MPSoC platform and achieves an IR throughput of 15 Mbps with a block length of 212, while less than

20
%

of the amount of on-chip resources are used in other previous designs of SCL decoder. The proposed design can provide a real-time, low-cost solution for IR in QKD systems, and enhance the performance of QKD.
Stratification of ovarian cancer patients from the prospect of drug target-related transcription factor protein activity: the prognostic and genomic landscape analyses
Authors: Su Dongqing , Zhang Haoxin , Xiong Yuqiang , Wei Haodong , Yu Yao , Li Honghao , Wang Tao , Zuo Yongchun , Yang Lei 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The expression and activity of transcription factors, which directly mediate gene transcription, are strictly regulated to control numerous normal cellular processes. In cancer, transcription factor activity is often dysregulated, resulting in abnormal expression of genes related to tumorigenesis and development. The carcinogenicity of transcription factors can be reduced through targeted therapy. However, most studies on the pathogenic and drug-resistant mechanisms of ovarian cancer have focused on the expression and signaling pathways of individual transcription factors. To improve the prognosis and treatment of patients with ovarian cancer, multiple transcription factors should be evaluated simultaneously to determine the effects of their protein activity on drug therapies. In this study, the transcription factor activity of ovarian cancer samples was inferred from virtual inference of protein activity by enriched regulon algorithm using mRNA expression data. Patients were clustered according to their transcription factor protein activities to investigate the association of transcription factor activities of different subtypes with prognosis and drug sensitivity for filtering subtype-specific drugs. Meanwhile, master regulator analysis was utilized to identify master regulators of differential protein activity between clustering subtypes, thereby identifying transcription factors associated with prognosis and assessing their potential as therapeutic targets. Master regulator risk scores were then constructed for guiding patients’ clinical treatment, providing new insights into the treatment of ovarian cancer at the level of transcriptional regulation.
Social Work with Interpreters: Using Practitioner Knowledge to Improve Practice
Authors: Pollock Sarah 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Interpreters are crucial to enabling individuals with limited English proficiency (LEP) to navigate the social welfare system, as they facilitate the development of relationships between this population and social workers. This article utilises primary data to analyse the interactive relationship between interpreters, social workers and service users with LEP with a view to better management of these three-way interactions and improved engagement with the LEP population, thus improving health and social care outcomes for this group. A social work education and workforce development review alongside online focus groups with professionals provided data to develop three broad categories: knowledge, values and skills. These categories house seven sub-themes, comprising trust/confidentiality, relationships, role knowledge, cultural knowledge, briefing and debriefing, values and attitude, and practical knowledge. Findings suggest that social workers saw interpreters as a barrier to their relationship with families rather than as a facilitator to communication. Enhancing practitioner knowledge, values and skills is essential to changing this narrative and improving relationships between professionals and in turn with the LEP population. By framing communication as a Human Rights issue, and prioritising language in social work education and workforce development, this is possible within existing legal and regulatory frameworks.
Management of traditional risk factors for the development and progression of chronic kidney disease
Authors: Lo Robin , Narasaki Yoko , Lei Sean , Rhee Connie M 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and its downstream complications (i.e. cardiovascular) are a major source of morbidity worldwide. Additionally, deaths due to CKD or CKD-attributable cardiovascular disease account for a sizeable proportion of global mortality. However, the advent of new pharmacotherapies, diagnostic tools, and global initiatives are directing greater attention to kidney health in the public health agenda, including the implementation of effective strategies that (i) prevent kidney disease, (ii) provide early CKD detection, and (iii) ameliorate CKD progression and its related complications. In this Review, we discuss major risk factors for incident CKD and CKD progression categorized across cardiovascular (i.e. hypertension, dyslipidemia, cardiorenal syndrome), endocrine (i.e. diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism, testosterone), lifestyle (i.e. obesity, dietary factors, smoking), and genetic/environmental (i.e. CKDu/Mesoamerican nephropathy, APOL1, herbal nephropathy) domains, as well as scope, mechanistic underpinnings, and management.
Witness for resolution: post-conflict quadratic affiliation in semi-free ranging pigs
Authors: Norscia Ivan , Collarini Edoardo , Robino Carlo , Chierto Elena , Cordoni Giada 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In social mammals, post-conflict resolution can involve the reunion of former opponents (reconciliation), spontaneous/solicited post-conflict affiliation of a third party with either opponent (triadic contacts), and affiliation between other individuals (hereafter bystanders; quadratic contacts). Quadratic contacts—possibly informing complex cognitive abilities—have been neglected in post-conflict studies. We investigated quadratic affiliation in semi-free ranging pigs Sus scrofa, at the ethical farm Parva-Domus (Cavagnolo, Italy). Kinship was known. We collected behavioral data on adult pigs (n = 104) via video recordings (43 h) followed by video analyses. Affiliative and anxiety behaviors between bystanders were collected under post-conflict (PC; following a conflict between non-bystanders) and matched-control (MC; no conflict) conditions. Quadratic affiliation was present in pigs, as bystanders affiliated more in PC than MC, and such affiliation was followed by a decrease in the anxiety behaviors of both the interacting bystanders. Thus, quadratic contacts may be partly aimed at reducing one’s own anxiety (intrinsic regulation). Quadratic affiliation was highest between closely related bystanders, which suggests that such affiliation may be most effective when close kin is involved. Quadratic affiliation was lowest after reconciliation and spontaneous triadic contacts. This suggests that direct peacemaking between opponents and spontaneous triadic contacts with close kin may most likely replace quadratic affiliation. Hence, pigs can be influenced by the negative events that affect other pigs—but not themselves—and their response may be modulated by social factors. Such non-random quadratic affiliation may point toward the presence of elements of social appraisal abilities in pigs.
The Mummy Explorer—a self-regulated open-access online teaching tool
Authors: Furtwängler Anja , Baumann Chris , Majander Kerttu , Wilkin Shevan , Tomoum Nadja , Rühli Frank , Jaeggi Adrian V , Eppenberger Patrick , Bender Nicole , Schuenemann Verena J 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background and objectives
Virtual teaching tools have gained increasing importance in recent years. In particular, the COVID-19 pandemic has reinforced the need for media-based and self-regulated tools. What is missing are tools that allow us to interlink highly interdisciplinary fields such as evolutionary medicine and, at the same time, allow us to adapt content to different lectures.

Methodology
We designed an interactive online teaching tool, namely, the Mummy Explorer, using open-access software (Google Web Designer), and we provided a freely downloadable template. We tested the tool on students and lecturers of evolutionary medicine using questionnaires and improved the tool according to their feedback.

Results
The tool has a modular design and provides an overview of a virtual mummy excavation, including the subfields of palaeopathology, paleoradiology, cultural and ethnographic context, provenance studies, paleogenetics, and physiological analyses. The template allows lecturers to generate their own versions of the tool for any topic of interest by simply changing the text and pictures. Tests undertaken with students of evolutionary medicine showed that the tool was helpful during their studies. Lecturers commented that they appreciated having a similar tool in other fields.

Conclusions and implications
Mummy Explorer fills a gap in the virtual teaching landscape of highly interdisciplinary fields such as evolutionary medicine. It will be offered for free download and can be adapted to any educational topic. Translations into German and possibly other languages are in progress.
A new hypothesis for the origin of the lager yeast Saccharomyces pastorianus
Authors: Hutzler Mathias , Morrissey John P , Laus Andreas , Meussdoerffer Franz , Zarnkow Martin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Saccharomyces pastorianus, which is responsible for the production of bottom-fermented lager beer, is a hybrid species that arose from the mating of the top-fermenting ale yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and the cold-tolerant Saccharomyces eubayanus around the start of the 17th century. Based on detailed analysis of Central European brewing records, we propose that the critical event for the hybridization was the introduction of top-fermenting S. cerevisiae into an environment where S. eubayanus was present, rather than the other way around. Bottom fermentation in parts of Bavaria preceded the proposed hybridization date by a couple of hundred years and we suggest that this was carried out by mixtures of yeasts, which may have included S. eubayanus. A plausible case can be made that the S. cerevisiae parent came either from the Schwarzach wheat brewery or the city of Einbeck, and the formation of S. pastorianus happened in the Munich Hofbräuhaus between 1602 and 1615 when both wheat beer and lager were brewed contemporaneously. We also describe how the distribution of strains from the Munich Spaten brewery, and the development by Hansen and Linder of methods for producing pure starter cultures, facilitated the global spread of the Bavarian S. pastorianus lineages.
Neighborhood Social Environment and Self-Perceptions of Aging
Authors: Choi Eun Young , Zelinski Elizabeth M , Ailshire Jennifer 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesSelf-perceptions of aging (SPA) are associated with health and well-being later in life. Although prior studies have identified individual-level predictors of SPA, the role of neighborhood social context in SPA remains largely unexplored. A neighborhood social environment may act as a critical avenue for older adults to remain healthy and socially active, contributing to their evaluations of how they grow old. The present study aims to fill the previous research gap by examining the relationship between neighborhood social environment and SPA, and how age may moderate this relationship. This study is guided by Bronfenbrenner’s Ecology of Human Development theory and Lawton’s Ecological Model of Aging, positing that an individual’s aging experience is deeply rooted in their residential environment.Research Design and MethodsOur sample includes 11,145 adults aged 50+ from the 2014 and 2016 waves of the Health and Retirement Study. We included 4 social and economic aspects of neighborhoods: (1) neighborhood poverty; (2) percentage of older adults; (3) perceived social cohesion; and (4) perceived disorder.ResultsMultilevel linear regression models showed that respondents in neighborhoods with higher percentages of the older population and with perceptions of high neighborhood disorder reported more negative SPA. Those who perceived their neighborhoods as more socially cohesive reported more positive SPA. Controlling for individual socioeconomic and health status, only neighborhood social cohesion remained significant. We also found significant interaction effects between neighborhood social cohesion and age: The effects of neighborhood cohesion on SPA were stronger in middle age than in old age.Discussion and ImplicationsOur findings provide insights into how neighborhood social context is associated with SPA, suggesting that a socially cohesive neighborhood may be important to promote more favorable perceptions of aging, particularly for middle-aged residents.
Understanding Nuance and Ambivalence in Intergenerational Relationships Through Fiction
Authors: French Jade Elizabeth , Lovatt Melanie , Wright Valerie 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background and Objectives
The term “intergenerational relationships” is widely used in gerontological literature and age-related policies. However, discussions of the term often tell us surprisingly little about what it means or why it matters. We suggest that this is due to a reductivism and instrumentalism in 2 main discourses within which intergenerational relationships are usually discussed. First, intergenerational relationships are often conceptualized through a binary “conflict/solidarity” lens, reinforcing an entrenched “generationalism”. Second, they are predominantly constructed as a problem to be addressed within debates on how to tackle intergenerational segregation. Neither of these discourses provides much room for a more nuanced understanding of how intergenerational relationships are experienced or why they are meaningful. In this paper, we discuss how fictional narratives can introduce imagination and a richer vocabulary into discourses concerning how people of different ages relate to each other.

Research Design and Methods
We present findings from reading groups where adults discussed novels depicting themes of older age, intergenerational relationships, and time.

Results
In discussing the fictional narratives and characters, participants reflected on the significance and meaning of intergenerational relationships in ways that went beyond dichotomous and instrumentalist discourses. Drawing on the concept of lived ambivalence, we argue that fictional representations of intergenerational themes can elicit more meaningful reflections on the complexities and contradictions of relationships across age groups.

Discussion and Implications
We conclude that a more nuanced understanding of intergenerational interaction can inform gerontological discourses and policy, but also that gerontological awareness of social challenges concerning age relations can inform interpretations of fictional narratives.
A Derived Equivalence of the Libgober–Teitelbaum and the Batyrev–Borisov Mirror Constructions
Authors: Malter Aimeric 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we study a particular mirror construction to the complete intersection of two cubics in $\operatorname{{\mathbb{P}}}^{5}$, due to Libgober and Teitelbaum. Using variations of geometric invariant theory and methods of Favero and Kelly, we prove a derived equivalence of this mirror to the Batyrev–Borisov mirror of the complete intersection.
Minimum Wages and Labour Supply in an Emerging Market: The Case of Mauritius
Authors: Asmal Zaakhir , Bhorat Haroon , Kanbur Ravi , Ranzani Marco , Paci Pierella 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This paper investigates the effect of multiple minimum wages, known as remuneration orders, on employment and working hours in Mauritius. Using data between 2005 and 2014, the analysis finds no effect on overall employment and different effects in sign for men and women. The minimum wage has a positive long-term effect on women's employment (0.141) and a negative effect on male employment (−0.097). The estimated employment elasticity magnitudes for men and women are within the range of elasticities found in previous studies of employment effects of minimum wages in low- and middle-income countries. The aggregate employment effect of the minimum wage in Mauritius is not significant, due to the larger share of men who are employed. The extensive margin effect of minimum wages is also associated with a 2.2% increase in average working hours for men but a 1.3% decline in average working hours for women in the covered sector. In the uncovered sector, the significant positive effect along the intensive margin, estimated at 4.6%, is driven by changes in labour supply among men.
High-protein dried distillers grains in dog diets: diet digestibility and palatability, intestinal fermentation products, and fecal microbiota
Authors: Kaelle Gislaine Cristina Bill , Bastos Taís Silvino , Fernandes Eduarda Lorena , de Souza Renata Bacila Morais dos Santos , de Oliveira Simone Gisele , Félix Ananda Portella 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of high-protein dried distillers grains (HPDDG) on palatability and metabolizable energy (ME) of the diet, apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of nutrients and energy, intestinal fermentation products, and fecal microbiota in dogs. Four diets containing 0, 70, 140, and 210 g/kg of HPDDG were manufactured. To evaluate the ME and the ATTD of macronutrients of HPDDG itself, an additional test diet was manufactured containing 70% of the control diet formula (0 g/kg) and 300 g/kg of HPDDG. Fifteen adult Beagle dogs were distributed in a randomized block design, with two periods of 15 d each (n = 6). The HPDDG digestibility was obtained using the Matterson substitution method. For the palatability test, 16 adult dogs were used, comparing the diets: 0 vs. 70 g/kg of HPDDG and 0 vs. 210 g/kg of HPDDG. The ATTD of HPDDG were: dry matter = 85.5%, crude protein = 91.2%, and acid-hydrolyzed ether extract = 84.6% and the ME content was 5,041.8 kcal/kg. The ATTD of macronutrients and ME of the diets and the fecal dry matter, score, pH, and ammonia of the dogs did not differ among treatments (P &gt; 0.05). There was a linear increase in the fecal concentrations of valeric acid with the inclusion of HPDDG in the diet (P &lt; 0.05). Streptococcus and Megamonas genera reduced linearly (P &lt; 0.05), and Blautia, Lachnospira, Clostridiales, and Prevotella genera showed a quadratic response to the inclusion of HPDDG in the diet (P &lt; 0.05). Alpha-diversity results showed an increase (P &lt; 0.05) in the number of operational taxonomic units and Shannon index and a trend (P = 0.065) for a linear increase in the Chao-1 index with the dietary inclusion of HPDDG. Dogs preferred the 210 g/kg diet over the 0 g/kg HPDDG diet (P &lt; 0.05). These results demonstrate that the HPDDG evaluated does not affect the utilization of nutrients in the diet, but it may modulate the fecal microbiome of dogs. In addition, HPDDG may contribute to diet palatability for dogs.