bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatio‐Temporal Change of Skin and Oral Microbiota: A Longitudinal Study of Microbial Diversity and Stability
Authors: Zhang Han , Chen Anqi , Li Shilin , Chen Kaiqin , You Xuechun , Bian Yingnan , Li Chengtao , Liu Shiquan , Huang Jiang , Zhang Suhua 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe human skin and oral cavity harbor complex microbial communities, which exist in dynamic equilibrium with the host's physiological state and the external environment. This study investigates the microbial atlas of human skin and oral cavities using samples collected over a 10‐month period, aiming to assess how both internal and external factors influence the human microbiome. We examined bacterial community diversity and stability across various body sites, including palm and nasal skin, saliva, and oral epithelial cells, during environmental changes and a COVID‐19 pandemic. The skin microbiome was confirmed to display spatial and temporal stability compared to the oral microbiome, particularly the oral epithelium, which was susceptible to changes in the host's physiological state and immune response. Moreover, significant differences in the microbial community structure among the 4 sample types were observed, and 87 distinct bacteria biomarkers were identified. The random forest prediction model achieved an overall prediction accuracy of 95.24% across the four types of samples studied. Additionally, nasal skin samples showed significant promise for individual identification through profiling the skin microbiota. These findings highlight the potential of skin and oral microbiota as forensic markers for inferring body sites and identifying individuals. In summary, despite facing limitations such as a small cohort size and the need for broader validation, this research provides an overall perspective and initial insights for refining experimental designs and conducting in‐depth research in various microbial research fields.
Computer Simulation of Sulfated Cyclodextrin–Based Enantioselective Separation of Weak Bases With Partial, High‐Concentration Filling of the Chiral Selector and Analyte Detection on the Cathodic Side
Authors: Sandbaumhüter Friederike A. , Thormann Wolfgang 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTComputer simulation was utilized to characterize the electrophoretic processes occurring during the enantioselective capillary electrophoresis–mass spectrometry (CE–MS) analysis of ketamine, norketamine, and hydroxynorketamine in a system with partial filling of the capillary with 19 mM (equals 5%) of highly sulfated γ‐cyclodextrin (HS‐γ‐CD) and analyte detection on the cathodic side. Provided that the sample is applied without or with a small amount of the chiral selector, analytes become quickly focused and separated in the thereby formed HS‐γ‐CD gradient at the cathodic end of the sample compartment. This gradient broadens with time, remains stationary, and gradually reduces its span from the lower side due to diffusion such that analytes with high affinity to the anionic selector become released onto the other side of the focusing gradient where anionic migration and defocusing occur concomitantly. The analytes that remain focused until the migrating HS‐γ‐CD concentration boundary arrives at the cathodic end of the sample compartment become gradually released into the cathodic part and migrate in the absence of HS‐γ‐CD toward the detector. This behavior is dependent on the length of the HS‐γ‐CD zone in the cathodic part of the electrophoretic column, the initial sample zone length, and the sample matrix. The data presented reveal the possibility that only one of the enantiomers of an analyte migrates toward the detector, whereas the other is lost for the analysis, or that both enantiomers migrate toward the cathode but do not separate. Enantiomer separation followed by migration toward the cathode can only be achieved for analytes with rather low complexation constants, such as hydroxynorketamine assessed in this work, and is dependent on the slope of the HS‐γ‐CD focusing gradient. The gained insights illustrate that dynamic simulation is an indispensable tool to investigate electrophoretic processes of complex systems.
Assessing the impact of different solvents in the bacterial reverse mutation test
Authors: Patel Satyam N. , Kajavadara Chetan K. , Shukla Rushikesh M. , Valani Darshan T. , Bhatt Laxit K. , Sundar Rajesh , Jain Mukul R. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe bacterial reverse mutation test is essential for identifying the mutagenic potential of chemicals. The solubility of the test substance is vital for achieving the recommended assay concentration. Preferred solvents like dimethyl sulfoxide and water are chosen for their compatibility and historical data. Selecting a compatible solvent with Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli WP2 uvrA strains, considering a maximum cytotoxic concentration or the limit of 5 mg/plate, can be challenging. This study assessed various solvents, including N,N‐dimethylformamide, acetone, acetonitrile, ethyl acetate, 95% ethanol, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, methanol, P‐dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, and dimethylacetamide, as alternative solvents in the AMES test. Results showed all solvents, except tetrahydrofuran, were compatible at concentrations up to 100 μL/plate or more, as they did not inhibit S9 enzymes, bacterial growth, or alter bacterial revertant colony counts, making them suitable for the bacterial reverse mutation test.
Crop Diversification for Ensuring Sustainable Agriculture, Risk Management and Food Security
Authors: Mihrete Tesfahun Belay , Mihretu Fasikaw Belay 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAgriculture faces growing challenges from climate change, pest pressures, and market instability. Crop diversification offers a sustainable strategy to enhance resilience and reduce the risks of monoculture. This review examines crop diversification as a response to these challenges, with a focus on its applications in sustainable agriculture, risk management, and food security. Strategies such as spatial, temporal, genetic, and intercropping diversification enhance soil health, improve pest management, and boost resilience to climate variability. The review highlights key principles, including ecological resilience, risk distribution, and resource optimization. By adopting diverse crops, farmers can mitigate soil degradation, reduce pest outbreaks, and stabilize incomes. Successful case studies from various regions, such as integrated rice‐fish farming and agroforestry, demonstrate how diversification can improve productivity and sustainability. However, challenges remain, such as knowledge gaps, market access issues, and policy limitations. The review concludes with recommendations for future research and policy interventions, stressing the need for tailored diversification strategies, better support systems, and further exploration of innovative practices. This overview underscores the potential of crop diversification to build resilient, sustainable agricultural systems while addressing global food security concerns.
Solar Drying for Domestic and Industrial Applications: A Comprehensive Review of Innovations and Efficiency Enhancements
Authors: Rahman Md Atiqur , Hasnain S. M. Mozammil , Paramasivam Prabhu , Zairov Rustem , Ayanie Abinet Gosaye 
Published: January 2025

AbstractGlobal challenges such as energy scarcity and food security are intensified by a growing population and substantial post‐harvest food losses, contributing to alarming hunger levels. Solar drying is recognized as an effective, high‐quality, and sustainable method for food preservation, significantly aiding global food security. Dryers are essential in agriculture and the food industry for extending crop shelf life by removing moisture through thermal energy, with solar thermal energy being particularly suitable due to its environmental benefits and availability. This article reviews the classification of solar dryers, including direct (DSD), indirect (ISD), and hybrid (HSD) systems, examining key components like solar collectors, drying chambers, and auxiliary systems and the factors affecting their performance. The review highlights that the efficiency of solar dryers depends on dryer type, solar irradiation, drying duration, and operational conditions. Recent advancements to enhance solar dryers' energy efficiency include hybrid systems incorporating auxiliary heating sources (electric or biomass), solar‐assisted heat pump dryers, surface modification techniques, and heat storage systems utilizing sensible and latent heat storage. Findings suggest that HSD with auxiliary units can achieve up to 54% efficiencies, while solar collectors can reach up to 81%, yielding better product quality than traditional ones.
Amoxicillin Concentrations in Samples of Musculoskeletal Infections
Authors: Erdmann Joana , Kuehl Richard , Morgenstern Mario , Bumann Dirk , Clauss Martin , Khanna Nina , Rentsch Katharina M. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAmoxicillin is a frequently used beta‐lactam antibiotic and at the same time a fragile analyte. Aim of this work was to investigate the sensitive properties of amoxicillin in biological samples and validate a quantification method for amoxicillin in soft tissue samples. Simple protein precipitation and 2D‐High performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry was used for sample preparation and analysis. The formation of a covalent amoxicillin methanol‐adduct could be observed in varying extents depending on matrix and sample preparation method. In‐Source Products (ISPs) were investigated in plasma, soft tissue, and water and no differences could be observed. We successfully validated a method for amoxicillin determination in tissue samples using the sum of 2 ISPs of amoxicillin for quantification. 37 study samples of different deep‐seated infections could be analyzed. Measured amoxicillin concentrations ranged from below 0.5 mg/kg up to 87 mg/kg. Concentrations in abscesses were lower than in other infections.
Developing Healthcare Complaints Analysis Tool for Health System: A Cross‐Sectional Study
Authors: Najar Ali Vafaee , Gorji Damoon , Ardabili Hoorang Nazari , Pourshirazi Maryam , Houshmand Elaheh 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackground and AimsThe role of the healthcare system in the provision, maintenance, and promotion of public health is associated with handling healthcare complaints. This notion as the principle of accountability requires the authorities' attention. This study aimed to develop the Healthcare Complaints Analysis Tool (HCAT) in Iran.MethodsFollowing a comprehensive review of the country and field studies conducted in the Medical System Organization and Universities of Medical Sciences, the features of patients' complaints were extracted from medical centers and hospitals. Then, experts who were experienced in health and medical areas localized HCAT through translation and re‐translation process using the Delphi technique. Finally, the healthcare complaints were classified according to the localized HCAT components.ResultUsing HCAT showed that in Iran's healthcare system, complaints were related to relative frequency and percentage of all types of complaints. However, there is a lack of a mechanized registration system, investigation, analysis, and classification of healthcare complaints.ConclusionsProviding medical centers with such a system by the ministry of health and mandatory reporting of complaints may lead to coding complaints, measure the severity of complaints, service monitoring and organizational learning.
Catheter‐Related Bloodstream Infections Among Hemodialysis Patients in Northern Tanzania: Insights From a Single‐Centre Retrospective Study
Authors: Costantine Andrea R. , Urasa Sarah J. , Sadiq Abid M. , Shao Elichilia R. , Lyamuya Furaha S. , Niccodem Elieishiupendo M. , Kamabu Eugénie M. , Maro Venance P. , Mkwizu Elifuraha W. , Chamba Nyasatu G. , Furia Francis F. , Mirai Tumaini E. , Nziku Eliada B. , Eliah Doreen T. , Muhina Ibrahim Ali Ibrahim , Raza Faryal M. , Mitao Modesta P. , Kilonzo Kajiru G. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackground and AimsA catheter‐related bloodstream infection (CRBSI) is a life‐threatening complication of hemodialysis. It is responsible for significant morbidity and mortality and a costly long hospital stay. Despite its burden, little is known about the factors associated with it and the antibiogram of its responsible causative bacteria. This study aimed to evaluate the determinants of hemodialysis CRBSI and the appropriate antibiogram for the isolated bacterial pathogens among patients attending the KCMC hemodialysis unit.MethodsA hospital‐based retrospective analytical cross‐sectional study involved adult patients with CKD or AKI undergoing hemodialysis at KCMC with tunneled or non‐tunneled central venous catheters who attended from January 1, 2021 to December 31, 2022. Data were collected from the hospital's electronic medical record system. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 27. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine the factors associated with CRBSI. A p‐value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsA total of 286 patients were analyzed. The patients were predominantly males (70.6%), and more than half were above 55 years old (56%), with a mean age of 58 (SD ± 14.8) years. 56.6% developed CRBSI and were predominantly gram‐positive (69.7%). Major associated factors were hypoalbuminemia of < 35 g/dL, diabetes mellitus, anemia of hemoglobin < 10 g/dL, and having a femoral central venous catheter. For gram‐positive bacteria, the most efficient antibiotic was vancomycin, with an overall average efficacy of 99% for all isolates. For gram‐negative bacteria, the most efficient antibiotic was meropenem, with an overall average efficacy of 82.1% for all isolates.ConclusionOver 50% of patients developed CRBSI and gram‐positive bacteria were the major causative bacteria. Associated factors were multifactorial and preventive care would be ideal to reduce the number of CRBSI based on these findings.
Evaluation of the Value of Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology and Cell Morphology in Determining the Histogenesis of Pancreatic Lesions With Review of Literature, Overview and Cytological Experience of 25 Years: Original Research
Authors: Bisharah Soudah , Mahmoud Abbas 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackground and AimsBenign lesions, inflammation, cysts and pseudocysts, as well as neoplasms of the exocrine and endocrine parts of the pancreas can be easily identified using cytological methods. The sensitivity and specificity can be increased with the help of additional examination methods. The sensitivity of intraoperative rapid cytology reaches about 99%. In the literature, the sensitivity reaches an average of about 85% for biopsies. The method is easy to use, has very low complication rates (1%–2%) and is safe for the patient.Methods1290 cytological samples from pancreatic lesions were processed in the institute of pathology at Hannover Medical School (MHH), as cytological smears and stained with Giemsa and PAS stains as conventional methods. They were compared with the histological specimens that were processed at the same institute. Immunocytochemistry and molecularpathology have been processed only in selected cases. In general, it is routine in the university that the patients give their written consent to participate in clinical studies. The local ethics committee has stated that there is no need for approval due to the retrospective nature of the study.ResultsIn this work, we detected 20.077% malignant lesions, 63.333% benign findings and inflammation, 7.441% pseudocysts and cysts. About 9.147% samples were unrepresentative due to insufficient number of cells.ConclusionThis work will highlight the importance of fine aspiration cytology (FNAC) of suspicious pancreatic lesions, its possibilities and limitations in routine diagnostics with discussing the differential diagnoses, pointing to its great value and safety for patients. FNAC is the gold standard, its power is strongly associated with high specificity and sensitivity in the diagnosis of pancreatic lesions, and is very useful in the differential diagnosis between malignant and inflammatory lesions in pancreas.
Numerical Study of the Three‐Dimensional Interfacial Instability of MHD Between Parallel Plates
Authors: Hussain Zakir , Ali Mehboob , Zuev Sergei , Khan Waqar Azeem , Elhosiny Ali H. , Al‐Buriahi M. S. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe stability of interfacial flows between electrically conducting fluids is a critical factor in various industrial and natural processes, such as metallurgical casting, magnetohydrodynamic power systems, and geophysical fluid dynamics. This study aims to investigate the linear interfacial stability of two conducting fluids confined between solid planes, focusing on the effects of an applied magnetic field on the lower plate. It seeks to understand how parameters like the Hartmann number, oblique angle, load parameter, and electrical conductivity influence flow stability and velocity profiles. The governing partial differential equations for the flow are derived using fluid mechanics principles and appropriate boundary conditions. Linear stability analysis is employed to analyze the system, leading to the Orr–Sommerfeld equations. These equations are solved numerically using the Chebyshev collocation method in MATLAB to explore the magnetic field's influence.
Simultaneous passivation of surface and bulk defects in all‐perovskite tandem solar cells using bifunctional lithium salts
Authors: Yun Yeonghun , Vidyasagar Devthade , Kim Sunwoo , Yang Sung Woong , Im Doyun , Gunasekaran Rajendra Kumar , Lee Sangheon , Jung Jina , Choi Won Chang , Chung Roy Byung Kyu , Kim Dong Hoe , Park Ji‐Sang , Lee Sangwook 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAll‐perovskite tandem solar cells have garnered considerable attention because of their potential to outperform single‐junction cells. However, charge recombination losses within narrow‐bandgap (NBG) perovskite subcells hamper the advancement of this technology. Herein, we introduce a lithium salt, lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI), for modifying NBG perovskites. Interestingly, LiTFSI bifunctionally passivates the surface and bulk of NBG by dissociating into Li+ and TFSI− ions. We found that TFSI− passivates halide vacancies on the perovskite surface, reducing nonradiative recombination, while Li+ acts as an interstitial n‐type dopant, mitigating the defects of NBG perovskites and potentially suppressing halide migration. Furthermore, the underlying mechanism of LiTFSI passivation was investigated through the density functional theory calculations. Accordingly, LiTFSI facilitates charge extraction and extends the charge carrier lifetime, resulting in an NBG device with power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 22.04% (certified PCE of 21.42%) and an exceptional fill factor of 81.92%. This enables the fabrication of all‐perovskite tandem solar cells with PCEs of 27.47% and 26.27% for aperture areas of 0.0935 and 1.02 cm2, respectively.image
Removal of malachite green dye by adsorption onto chitosan‐montmorillonite nanocomposite: Kinetic, thermodynamic and equilibrium studies
Authors: Çetin Mert , Ozudogru Yeliz 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIn this study, the efficiencies of chitosan, montmorillonite, and chitosan/montmorillonite composites in various ratios for the removal of malachite green dye from aqueous solutions were investigated, and their maximum adsorption capacities were compared, and the effects of factors such as composite concentration, pH, contact time, dye concentration, and temperature were examined. Recovery attempts using different chemicals were also performed. Adsorption was analyzed using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models, and thermodynamic analyses were conducted. Fourier‐transform infrared (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses were used to investigate surface changes. The highest adsorption capacity was found for the 20% chitosan/montmorillonite composite (400 mg g−1). Temperature studies indicated a decrease in adsorption capacity with increasing temperature. Kinetic studies observed that the data fit the pseudo‐second‐order kinetic model better. In recovery attempts, more than 95% recovery was achieved with HNO3 and HCl. FTIR results showed that chitosan–montmorillonite interactions involved ‐NH, ‐OH, C=O, and C‐O bonds, while dye binding was mainly through OH bonds. SEM analysis revealed that montmorillonite reduced surface cracks and roughness, creating a more homogeneous structure, and more rough areas appeared after dye binding. As a result, the chitosan/montmorillonite composite significantly enhanced dye adsorption capacity.
“Coming Home Is the Hardest Part”: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis of Sense Making in Military Postdeployment Reintegration
Authors: Luethke Tiffani N. , Thompson Herb L. , Folk Gwendolynn 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe purpose of the present interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) study was to understand how military service members and veterans (MSMVs) make sense of their reintegration experiences following deployment. IPA provides the ability to gain a deeper understanding of a shared experience, or phenomenon, such as reintegration following deployment. Data collection involved semi‐structured interviews via Zoom. Participants included seven men and three women who met eligibility criteria. The present study provides important insights into how MSMVs make sense of their reintegration experiences following deployment through exploration of transitional challenges, transitional support aspects, and growth through deployment experiences, as well as the urgent need for comprehensive community‐based, growth‐focused initiatives to support their reintegration following deployment.
Pericarpium Trichosanthis Inhibits TGF‐β1‐Smad3 Pathway‐Induced Cardiac Fibrosis in Heart Failure Rats via Upregulation of microRNA‐29b
Authors: He Yue , Dai Meng‐shi , Tao Li‐yu , Gu Xinsheng , Wang Hao , Liu Ping 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTCardiac dysfunction and adverse consequences induced by cardiac fibrosis have been well documented. However, the cardiac fibrosis pathway in chronic heart failure (CHF) remains unclear, and it is therefore necessary to conduct further research for the sake of developing more effective therapeutic strategies for CHF. Some recent studies suggest that Pericarpium Trichosanthis (PT) may help improve the progression of fibrotic diseases. To validate this possibility, we conducted an experiment to evaluate the effect of PT on cardiac fibrosis and explore the hidden mechanism. In the experiment, we induced cardiac fibrosis in rats by left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery ligation. The findings revealed that PT reduced myocardial fibrosis and increased cardiac activity in CHF rats receiving LAD ligation. In addition, the TGF‐β1 level was decreased, and the miR‐29b expression was increased in CHF rats after PT treatment. Our in vitro experiment also demonstrated that PT treatment suppressed fibroblast activation and collagen synthesis in cardiac fibroblasts stimulated by TGF‐β1， and at the same time decreased the TGF‐β1 level and increased the miR‐29b expression. We further verified that this action was correlated with the TGF‐β/Smad3 signaling pathway. We also observe that miR‐29b could suppress the TGF‐β1 expression, and the suppression of miR‐29b weakened the anti‐fibrotic effect of PT. This suggests that PT could cure cardiac fibrosis and dysfunction both in vitro and in vivo via the TGF‐β/Smad3 signaling pathway, while miR‐29b may participate in this action.