bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Scar endometriosis: the menace of surgery
Authors: Mittal Ritika , Ashraf Aabid , Gupta Monika , Shah Mausam 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Caesarean scar endometriosis (CSE) is a rare type of abdominal wall endometriosis and is frequently missed on initial presentation. A case of CSE diagnosed and treated by surgical excision is presented. Although rare, CSE should be considered a possibility in the differential diagnoses of pain and mass at scar site.
Unexpected presentation of ischemic colitis: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Al-Mohannadi Fatima Saoud , Al Obahi Mohammed , Al-Hashimy Yaseen , Mahdi Hijran , Ahmed Mohamed Badie 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Ischemic colitis accounts for many cases of bowel infarction. Usually, it has various manifestations, such as vomiting, abdominal pain, hematochezia and many other symptoms. Risk factors might include age, medications, hypercoagulable state and chronic illnesses. However, it can still occur in healthy young patients. This might make it difficult for physicians to establish a correct diagnosis and generate the appropriate treatment plan for patients suffering from ischemic colitis. In this case we report a previously healthy 37-year-old female who had a sudden onset of lower abdominal pain associated with hematochezia. This patient was treated for upper respiratory tract infection by amoxicillin-clavulanate 2 weeks prior to her symptoms. The computed tomography abdomen findings along with the exploratory laparotomy confirmed the diagnosis of ischemic colitis. Ischemic colitis is a serious condition with high mortality and morbidity rate. Therefore, prompt investigation, and if indicated, surgical intervention should be calculated in sick patients complaining of abdominal pain and lower gastrointestinal bleeding.
On the internal structure of relativistic jets with zero velocity along the axis
Authors: Beskin V S , Kniazev F A , Chatterjee K 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
The present work is devoted to the analysis of the internal structure of relativistic jets under the condition that the velocity of the plasma flow at the jet axis vanishes. It is shown that in spite of the seemingly fundamental difference in the formulation of the problem at the axis, the key properties of the internal structure of such relativistic jets remain the same as for non-zero velocity along the axis. In both cases, at a sufficiently low ambient pressure, a dense core appears near the axis, the radius of which is close to the size of the light cylinder.
iSMOD: an integrative browser for image-based single-cell multi-omics data
Authors: Zhang Weihang , Suo Jinli , Yan Yan , Yang Runzhao , Lu Yiming , Jin Yiqi , Gao Shuochen , Li Shao , Gao Juntao , Zhang Michael , Dai Qionghai 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Genomic and transcriptomic image data, represented by DNA and RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), respectively, together with proteomic data, particularly that related to nuclear proteins, can help elucidate gene regulation in relation to the spatial positions of chromatins, messenger RNAs, and key proteins. However, methods for image-based multi-omics data collection and analysis are lacking. To this end, we aimed to develop the first integrative browser called iSMOD (image-based Single-cell Multi-omics Database) to collect and browse comprehensive FISH and nucleus proteomics data based on the title, abstract, and related experimental figures, which integrates multi-omics studies focusing on the key players in the cell nucleus from 20 000+ (still growing) published papers. We have also provided several exemplar demonstrations to show iSMOD’s wide applications—profiling multi-omics research to reveal the molecular target for diseases; exploring the working mechanism behind biological phenomena using multi-omics interactions, and integrating the 3D multi-omics data in a virtual cell nucleus. iSMOD is a cornerstone for delineating a global view of relevant research to enable the integration of scattered data and thus provides new insights regarding the missing components of molecular pathway mechanisms and facilitates improved and efficient scientific research.
Characterization of an HNA aptamer suggests a non-canonical G-quadruplex motif
Authors: Schofield Peter , Taylor Alexander I , Rihon Jérôme , Peña Martinez Cristian D , Zinn Sacha , Mattelaer Charles-Alexandre , Jackson Jennifer , Dhaliwal Gurpreet , Schepers Guy , Herdewijn Piet , Lescrinier Eveline , Christ Daniel , Holliger Philipp 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Nucleic acids not only form the basis of heredity, but are increasingly a source of novel nano-structures, -devices and drugs. This has spurred the development of chemically modified alternatives (xeno nucleic acids (XNAs)) comprising chemical configurations not found in nature to extend their chemical and functional scope. XNAs can be evolved into ligands (XNA aptamers) that bind their targets with high affinity and specificity. However, detailed investigations into structural and functional aspects of XNA aptamers have been limited. Here we describe a detailed structure-function analysis of LYS-S8-19, a 1′,5′-anhydrohexitol nucleic acid (HNA) aptamer to hen egg-white lysozyme (HEL). Mapping of the aptamer interaction interface with its cognate HEL target antigen revealed interaction epitopes, affinities, kinetics and hot-spots of binding energy similar to protein ligands such as anti-HEL-nanobodies. Truncation analysis and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations suggest that the HNA aptamer core motif folds into a novel and not previously observed HNA tertiary structure, comprising non-canonical hT-hA-hT/hT-hT-hT triplet and hG4-quadruplex structures, consistent with its recognition by two different G4-specific antibodies.
Post-COVID-19 Syndrome 2 Years After the First Wave: The Role of Humoral Response, Vaccination and Reinfection
Authors: Peghin Maddalena , De Martino Maria , Palese Alvisa , Chiappinotto Stefania , Fonda Federico , Gerussi Valentina , Sartor Assunta , Curcio Francesco , Grossi Paolo Antonio , Isola Miriam , Tascini Carlo 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
The aim of this study was to describe the long-term evolution of post-COVID-19 syndrome over 2 years after the onset of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in survivors of the first wave.

Methods
This prospective study was based on interviews and investigated post-COVID-19 syndrome 6, 12, and 24 months after the disease onset in all adult in- and outpatients with COVID-19 followed at Udine Hospital (Italy) during the first wave (March–May 2020). Humoral response, vaccination status, and reinfection were assessed.

Results
Overall, 230 patients (53.5% female; mean age 54.7 years) were interviewed 2.3 years (standard deviation = 0.11) after acute onset. Post-COVID-19 syndrome was observed in 36.1% of patients (n = 83) at 2 years. The most common persistent symptoms were fatigue (14.4%), rheumatological (14.4%), and psychiatric symptoms (9.6%). Overall, 55.4% (46 of 83) of long haulers searched for healthcare system support and 21 (45.7%) were visited by a specialist. Female gender (odds ratio [OR] = 2.50, P = .005), a proportional increase in the number of symptoms during acute COVID-19 (OR = 1.40, P = .001), and the presence of comorbidities (OR = 1.57, P = .004) were all independent risk factors for post-COVID-19 syndrome. Vaccination and reinfection had no impact on post-COVID-19 syndrome dynamics. The presence of receptor-binding domain (RBD) SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin G (IgG) and non-RBD SARS-CoV-2 IgG titers were not associated with the occurrence of post-COVID-19 syndrome.

Conclusions
Two years after COVID-19, the burden of persistent symptoms remains high among in- and outpatients’ population infected during the first wave. Post-COVID-19 dynamic does not seem to be influenced by SARS-CoV-2 immunization status and reinfection.
Hepatitis B Virus Prevalence and Mother-to-Child Transmission Risk in an HIV Early Intervention Cohort in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Authors: Millar Jane , Cromhout Gabriela Z L , Mchunu Noxolo , Bengu Nomonde , Ndung’u Thumbi , Goulder Philip J , Matthews Philippa C , McNaughton Anna L 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
HIV and hepatitis B virus (HBV) prevalence are both high in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. HIV coinfection negatively affects HBV prognosis and can increase the likelihood of HBV mother-to-child transmission (MTCT). In an early HIV infant treatment intervention cohort of HIV-transmitting mother-child pairs in KwaZulu-Natal, we characterized maternal HBV prevalence and screened infants at risk.

Methods
Infants were treated for HIV MTCT at birth, and combination regimens incidentally active against HBV were initiated within 21 days. Maternal samples (N = 175) were screened at birth for HBV infection (HBV surface antigen [HBsAg]), exposure to HBV (HBV anti-core IgG), and vaccination responses (HBV anti-S positive without other HBV markers). Infants of mothers who were HBV positive were screened for HBsAg at 1 and 12 months.

Results
Evidence of HBV infection was present in 8.6% (n = 15) of maternal samples. Biomarkers for HBV exposure were present in 31.4% (n = 55). Evidence of HBV vaccination was uncommon in mothers (8.0%; n = 14). Despite prescription of antiretroviral therapy (ART) active against HBV, HBV DNA was detectable in 46.7% (7/15) of mothers who were HBsAg positive. Three mothers had HBV viral loads &gt;5.3 log10 IU/mL, making them high risk for HBV MTCT. Screening of available infant samples at 1 month (n = 14) revealed no cases of HBV MTCT. At 12 months, we identified 1 HBV infection (1/13), and serologic evidence of vaccination was present in 53.8% (7/13) of infants.

Discussion
This vulnerable cohort of HIV-transmitting mothers had a high prevalence of undiagnosed HBV. Early infant ART may have reduced the risk of MTCT in high-risk cases. Current HBV guidelines recommend ART prophylaxis, but these data underline the pressing need to increase availability of birth dose vaccines.
A Green Social Work Study of Environmental and Social Justice in an Australian River Community
Authors: Downey Heather , Spelten Evelien , Holmes Katie , MacDermott Sean , Atkins Prue 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In Australia the impacts of climate change are resulting in considerable water scarcity, a scenario affecting the green and blue spaces that provide well-recognized individual health benefits. However, far less is known about the social health benefits of these spaces, particularly for those residing in rural Australian river communities. In this geographic context, water issues are compounded by a dominant culture that privileges the commodification of water for agricultural purposes over other interests. Using an environmental justice perspective consistent with a green social work approach, this proof-of-concept study contributes a critical element to water debates by examining the cultural, recreational, and environmental meanings of water for the rural river community of Mildura. Results from an online mixed-methods questionnaire (N = 33) show that people privileged cultural meanings of water as fundamental to life, were concerned for river health, and felt marginalized in water debates. Findings suggest that understanding communities’ hydrosocial relationships is key to environmentally and socially just water management and to individual, community, and environmental health. Social work can contribute to such environmental issues by working collaboratively to enable communities to exercise their voices and to advocate to decision makers to include consideration of environmental, social, and cultural impact.
A comparison of carcass characteristics, carcass cutting yields, and meat quality of barrows and gilts
Authors: Bohrer Benjamin M , Dorleku Justice B , Campbell Cheryl P , Duarte Marcio S , Mandell Ira B 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objectives of this research were to compare carcass characteristics, carcass cutting yields, and meat quality for market barrows and market gilts. Commercially-sourced carcasses from 168 market barrows and 175 market gilts weighing an average of 107.44 ± 7.37 kg were selected from 17 different slaughter groups representing approximately 3,950 carcasses. Each group was sorted into percentiles based on hot carcass weight with an equal number of barrows and gilts selected from each quartile so that weight minimally confounded parameters of interest. Carcass lean yield was determined for carcasses following fabrication (i.e. dissection of lean, fat, and bone tissue components) and meat quality measurements were evaluated at the time of fabrication (24 to 72 h postmortem) and following 14-d of postmortem storage. Data were analyzed as a randomized complete block design with carcass serving as the experimental unit, sex (barrow or gilt), the three hot carcass weight quantiles (light [&lt;104 kg]; average [104 to 110 kg]; heavy [&gt;110 kg]), and the interaction between sex and hot carcass weight quantile serving as fixed effects, and producer nested within slaughter event serving as a random effect. Results from the study demonstrated that gilt carcasses were leaner (3 mm less backfat thickness; 3.5 cm2 greater loin muscle area, 1.52% greater merchandized-cut yield, and 2.92% greater dissected carcass lean yield; P &lt; 0.01) than barrow carcasses, while loins from barrows were higher quality (0.43% more intramuscular fat and slightly less shear force; P &lt; 0.01) than loins from gilts. While this study confirms the well-known biological principle that barrow carcasses have greater levels of fat deposition and lower levels of carcass leanness when compared with gilt carcasses, this study provides a much-needed quantification of these differences for the commercial industry that will undoubtedly be useful as new technologies emerge in upcoming years.
Preoperative Predictors of Prolonged Opioid Use in the 6 Months Following Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Larach Daniel B. , Kertai Miklos D. , Billings Frederic T. , Anderson Sara B. , Polkowski Gregory G. , Shinar Andrew A. , Milne Ginger L. , Mishra Puneet , Bruehl Stephen 
Published: July 2023

Objectives:
Prolonged postoperative opioid use increases risk for new post-surgical opioid use disorder. We evaluated preoperative phenotypic factors predicting prolonged postoperative opioid use.

Methods:
We performed a secondary analysis of a prospective observational cohort (n=108) undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) for osteoarthritis with 6-week and 6-month follow-up. Current opioid use and psychosocial, pain, and opioid-related characteristics were assessed at preoperative baseline. Primary outcomes were days/week of opioid use at follow-up.

Results:
At 6 weeks, preoperative opioid use and greater cumulative opioid exposure, depression, catastrophizing, anxiety, pain interference, sleep disturbance, and central sensitization were significantly associated with more days/week of opioid use after controlling for contemporaneous pain intensity. These predictors, and prior euphoric response to opioids, were also significant predictors at 6 months. All 6-week predictors except anxiety remained significant after controlling for preoperative opioid use; at 6 months, cumulative opioid exposure, catastrophizing, pain interference, and sleep disturbance remained significant after this adjustment (p’s <0.05). In multivariable models, a psychosocial factor reflecting negative affect, sleep, and pain accurately predicted 6-week opioid use (AUC=0.84). A combined model incorporating psychosocial factor scores, opioid-related factor scores, and preoperative opioid use showed near-perfect predictive accuracy at 6 months (AUC=0.97).

Discussion:
Overall, preoperative psychosocial, pain-related, and opioid-related phenotypic characteristics predicted prolonged opioid use following TKA.
Mobile Phone Based Telemonitoring for Improving Adherence to Analgesic Treatment in Trauma Patients After Emergency Department Discharge. Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Romdhane Khouloud , Sekma Adel , Sassi Sarra , Yaakoubi Hajer , Youssef Rym , Msolli Mohamed Amine , Beltaief Kaouthar , Grissa Mohamed Habib , Boubaker Hamdi , Ben Soltane Houda , Mezgar Zied , Boukef Riadh , Bouida Wahid , Belghith Asma , Bel Haj Ali Khaoula , Zorgati Asma , Nouira Semir 
Published: July 2023

Objective:
To determine the impact of mobile-phone telemonitoring on patients’ adherence and satisfaction to post-trauma pain treatment.

Materials and Methods:
We conducted a prospective randomized clinical trial including patients with minor trauma discharged from the emergency department (ED) with analgesic treatment. Patients were randomized to one of three groups, control group where patients received a phone call on day-7, short message service (SMS) group where patients received a daily text message to remind them to take their treatment during 7 days and mobile-phone based telemonitoring (TLM) group. Patients’ adherence to analgesic treatments using the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-4), current pain by using a visual analogue scale (VAS) and patients’ satisfaction were assessed. For TLM group, assessment was performed at day-2, 4 and 7.

Results:
Good adherence was observed in 418 patients (92.9%) in TLM group versus 398 patients (88.6%) in SMS group and 380 patients (84.8%) in control group (P<0.001). The factor mostly associated with adherence was telemonitoring (OR 2.40 95% CI 1.55 to 3.71). The decrease of pain VAS was highest in TLM group compared to SMS and control groups (P<0.001). Percentage of patients’ satisfaction at 7-day post ED discharge was 93% in TLM group vs 88% in SMS group and 84% in standard group (P=0.02).

Discussion:
Our findings suggest that mobile-phone based telemonitoring is beneficial in the treatment of pain in trauma patients after ED discharge. This approach improved patients’ adherence and satisfaction.
PAI-1 genetic polymorphisms influence septic patients' outcomes by regulating neutrophil activity
Authors: Jiang Shaowei , Wang Yang , Chen Liang , Mu Honghua , Meaney Connor , Fan Yiwen , Pillay Janesh , Wang Hairong , Zhang Jincheng , Pan Shuming , Gao Chengjin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background:
Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) plays an important role in the pathophysiology of sepsis, but the exact mechanism remains debatable. In this study, we investigated the associations among the serum levels of PAI-1, the incidence of 4G/5G promoter PAI-1 gene polymorphisms, immunological indicators, and clinical outcomes in septic patients.

Methods:
A total of 181 patients aged 18–80 years with sepsis between November 2016 and August 2018 in the intensive care unit in the Xinhua Hospital were recruited in this retrospective study, with 28-day mortality as the primary outcome. The initial serum level of PAI-1 and the presence of rs1799768 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were examined. Univariate logistic regression and multivariate analyses were performed to determine the factors associated with different genotypes of PAI-1, serum level of PAI-1, and 28-day mortality.

Results:
The logistic analysis suggested that a higher serum level of PAI-1 was associated with the rs1799768 SNP of PAI-1 (4G/4G and 4G/5G) (Odds ratio [OR]: 2.49; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.09, 5.68). Furthermore, a higher serum level of PAI-1 strongly influenced 28-day mortality (OR 3.36; 95% CI 1.51, 7.49). The expression and activation of neutrophils (OR 0.96; 95% CI 0.93, 0.99), as well as the changes in the expression patterns of cytokines and chemokine-associated neutrophils (OR: 1.00; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.00), were both regulated by the genotype of PAI-1.

Conclusions:
Genetic polymorphisms of PAI-1 can influence the serum levels of PAI-1, which might contribute to mortality by affecting neutrophil activity. Thus, patients with severe sepsis might clinically benefit from enhanced neutrophil clearance and the resolution of inflammation via the regulation of PAI-1 expression and activity.
Does choice of outdoor heat metric affect heat-related epidemiologic analyses in the US Medicare population?
Authors: Spangler Keith R. , Adams Quinn H. , Hu Jie Kate , Braun Danielle , Weinberger Kate R. , Dominici Francesca , Wellenius Gregory A. 
Published: July 2023

Background:
Outdoor air temperature is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Other thermal indices theoretically confer greater physiological relevance by incorporating additional meteorological variables. However, the optimal metric for predicting excess deaths or hospitalizations owing to extreme heat among US Medicare beneficiaries remains unknown.

Methods:
We calculated daily maximum, minimum, and mean outdoor air temperature (T), heat index (HI), wet-bulb globe temperature (WBGT), and Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) for populous US counties and linked estimates with daily all-cause mortality and heat-related hospitalizations among Medicare beneficiaries (2006–2016). We fit distributed-lag nonlinear models for each metric and compared relative risks (RRs) at the 99th percentile.

Results:
Across all heat metrics, extreme heat was statistically significantly associated with elevated risks of morbidity and mortality. Associations were more pronounced for maximum daily values versus the corresponding minimum for the same metric. The starkest example was between HImax (RR = 1.14; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.12, 1.15) and HImin (RR = 1.10; 95% CI = 1.09, 1.11) for hospitalizations. When comparing RRs across heat metrics, we found no statistically significant differences within the minimum and maximum heat values (i.e., no significant differences between Tmax/HImax/WBGTmax/UTCImax or between Tmin/HImin/WBGTmin/UTCImin). We found similar relationships across the National Climate Assessment regions.

Conclusion:
Among Medicare beneficiaries in populous US counties, daily maximum and mean values of outdoor heat are associated with greater RRs of heat-related morbidity and all-cause mortality versus minimum values of the same metric. The choice of heat metric (e.g., temperature versus HI) does not appear to substantively affect risk calculations in this population.
Comparison of patient experiences and clinical outcomes between an illuminated chopper and a conventional chopper under a surgical microscope
Authors: Eom Youngsub , Koh Eunheh , Lee Do Hyung , Lee Sung Jin , Nam Dong Heun 
Published: July 2023

Purpose:
To compare patient experiences and cooperation and the clinical outcomes illuminated chopper vs conventional chopper during cataract surgery.

Setting:
4 tertiary institutions in Korea.

Design:
Prospective, randomized, paired-eye, controlled pilot study.

Methods:
152 eyes of 76 patients who underwent bilateral cataract surgeries were enrolled in this study. The surgical method was randomly assigned to each patient's eye (1 eye using the illuminated chopper with a light source and the other using the conventional chopper under the microscope light). Patient suffering scores (the degree of strong light perception, glare, inability to fixate, anxiety, discomfort, and fear) from 0 to 10 (10 being the most severe level); cooperation score from 0 to 3 (3 being the best cooperation); operating time; and corneal endothelial cell density (ECD) preoperatively and postoperatively were compared between the 2 groups.

Results:
The mean patient suffering score of all 6 parameters in the iChopper group was significantly smaller than those in the control group (all P < .05). The mean patient cooperation score of the iChopper group (2.3 ± 0.8) was significantly greater than that of the control (1.6 ± 0.9; P < .001). There was no significant difference in the mean operating time and corneal ECD at each visit between the groups, albeit the mean corneal ECD was significantly decreased from baseline to 1 month after cataract surgery in both groups.

Conclusions:
Phacoemulsification using the illuminated chopper provides less glare and anxiety and better cooperation during cataract surgery without increasing the operating time and damaging corneal endothelium compared with the conventional chopper.