bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Age‐related metabolite profiles and their relation to clinical outcomes in young adults, middle‐aged individuals, and older people
Authors: Giesbertz Pieter , Brandl Beate , Volkert Dorothee , Hauner Hans , Skurk Thomas 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAge is a significant risk factor for common noncommunicable diseases, yet the physiological alterations of aging are poorly understood. We were interested in metabolic patterns between cross‐sectional cohorts of different age ranges with particular emphasis on waist circumference. We recruited three cohorts of healthy subjects with different age ranges (adolescents 18–25 years, adults 40–65 years, and older citizens 75–85 years) and stratified these based on waist circumference. Using targeted LC‐MS/MS metabolite profiling, we analyzed 112 analytes in plasma (amino acids, acylcarnitines, and derivatives). We associated age‐related alterations with various anthropometric and functional parameters such as insulin sensitivity and handgrip strength. Strongest age‐dependent increases were found for fatty acid‐derived acylcarnitines. Amino acid‐derived acylcarnitines displayed increased associations with BMI and adiposity. Some essential amino acids changed in opposite directions, being lower at increased age and higher with increasing adiposity. τ‐methylhistidine was elevated in older subjects, especially on an adiposity background, suggesting an increased protein turnover. Both aging and adiposity are associated with impaired insulin sensitivity. Skeletal muscle mass decreased with age and increased with adiposity. Profound differences in the metabolite signatures during healthy aging and elevated waist circumference/body weight were found. Opposite changes in skeletal muscle mass as well as possible differences in insulin signaling (relative insulin deficiency in older subjects versus hyperinsulinemia associated with adiposity), might be underlying origins for the observed metabolite signatures. We describe novel associations between metabolites and anthropometric factors during aging which underlines the complex interplay of aging, insulin resistance, and metabolic health.
Endothelial cell‐released extracellular vesicles trigger pyroptosis and vascular inflammation to induce atherosclerosis through the delivery of HIF1A‐AS2
Authors: Li Pengcheng , Hong Jin , Liang Cui , Li Yapeng , Gao Lu , Wu Leiming , Yao Rui , Zhang Yanzhou 
Published: May 2023

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) possess great potential in the modulation of cardiovascular diseases. Our current work intended to assay the clinical significance of endothelial cell (EC)‐derived EVs in atherosclerosis (AS). Expression of HIF1A‐AS2, miR‐455‐5p, and ESRRG in plasma from AS patients and mice and EVs from ox‐LDL‐treated ECs was measured. Interactions among HIF1A‐AS2, miR‐455‐5p, ESRRG, and NLRP3 were analyzed. Next, EVs were co‐cultured with ECs, and ectopic expression and depletion experimentations of HIF1A‐AS2, miR‐455‐5p, ESRRG, and/or NLRP3 were carried out to assay their roles in pyroptosis and inflammation of ECs in AS. At last, the effects of HIF1A‐AS2 shuttled by EC‐derived EVs on EC pyroptosis and vascular inflammation in AS were verified in vivo. HIF1A‐AS2 and ESRRG were highly expressed, while miR‐455‐5p was poorly expressed in AS. HIF1A‐AS2 could sponge miR‐455‐5p to elevate the expression of ESRRG and NLRP3. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments revealed that ECs‐derived EVs carrying HIF1A‐AS2 induced the pyroptosis and vascular inflammation of ECs to promote the progression of AS by sponging miR‐455‐5p via ESRRG/NLRP3. HIF1A‐AS2 shuttled by ECs‐derived EVs can accelerate the progression of AS by downregulating miR‐455‐5p and upregulating ESRRG and NLRP3.
Using machine learning to realize genetic site screening and genomic prediction of productive traits in pigs
Authors: Xiang Tao , Li Tao , Li Jielin , Li Xin , Wang Jia 
Published: May 2023

AbstractGenomic prediction, which is based on solving linear mixed‐model (LMM) equations, is the most popular method for predicting breeding values or phenotypic performance for economic traits in livestock. With the need to further improve the performance of genomic prediction, nonlinear methods have been considered as an alternative and promising approach. The excellent ability to predict phenotypes in animal husbandry has been demonstrated by machine learning (ML) approaches, which have been rapidly developed. To investigate the feasibility and reliability of implementing genomic prediction using nonlinear models, the performances of genomic predictions for pig productive traits using the linear genomic selection model and nonlinear machine learning models were compared. Then, to reduce the high‐dimensional features of genome sequence data, different machine learning algorithms, including the random forest (RF), support vector machine (SVM), extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) and convolutional neural network (CNN) algorithms, were used to perform genomic feature selection as well as genomic prediction on reduced feature genome data. All of the analyses were processed on two real pig datasets: the published PIC pig dataset and a dataset comprising data from a national pig nucleus herd in Chifeng, North China. Overall, the accuracies of predicted phenotypic performance for traits T1, T2, T3 and T5 in the PIC dataset and average daily gain (ADG) in the Chifeng dataset were higher using the ML methods than the LMM method, while those for trait T4 in the PIC dataset and total number of piglets born (TNB) in the Chifeng dataset were slightly lower using the ML methods than the LMM method. Among all the different ML algorithms, SVM was the most appropriate for genomic prediction. For the genomic feature selection experiment, the most stable and most accurate results across different algorithms were achieved using XGBoost in combination with the SVM algorithm. Through feature selection, the number of genomic markers can be reduced to 1 in 20, while the predictive performance on some traits can even be improved compared to using the full genome data. Finally, we developed a new tool that can be used to execute combined XGBoost and SVM algorithms to realize genomic feature selection and phenotypic prediction.
Postpartum Readmission for Hypertension: The Patient Experience [ID: 1377602]
Authors: Viswanathan Radhika , Berhie Saba , Little Sarah , Seely Ellen W. , Wilkins-Haug Louise 
Published: May 2023

INTRODUCTION:
Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) are the most common cause of postpartum readmission. Prior research has led to the creation of clinical guidelines for postpartum management; however, the patient experience is often missing from this work. The objective of this project is to understand the perspective of patients readmitted for postpartum hypertension.

METHODS:
Institutional review board committee approval was obtained for the study. This was a qualitative study with data generated through semistructured interviews. Patients readmitted with postpartum HDP at an urban academic medical center were approached and consented for a single interview. The same researcher conducted all interviews and patient recruitment continued until thematic saturation was reached (n=9). Two coders coded all interviews using NVivo software with both deductive and inductive coding processes. Discrepancies were discussed and resolved with consensus. Researchers identified themes through grounded theory and were reflexive in their thematic generation.

RESULTS:
Five themes were generated through the grounded theory analysis: Every pregnancy is different, symptoms of preeclampsia are easily dismissed or often not taken seriously, miscommunication regarding medical changes can hinder patient care, readmission logistics are not baby-friendly, and patient well-being improved when conversations acknowledged the struggles of readmission.

CONCLUSION:
A qualitative research process revealed patient-identified gaps in care that may have led to readmission for HDP. The specific recommendations that emerge from these themes include: addressing barriers to blood pressure management prior to discharge, improving postpartum discharge follow-up, providing newborn care coordination, and improving counseling on the risk of postpartum preeclampsia during discharge. Incorporating these patient perspectives in hospital discharge policy can be helpful in creating patient-centered systems of care and may help reduce rates of readmission.
Comparison of Robotics and Navigation for Clinical Outcomes Following Minimally Invasive Lumbar Fusion
Authors: Shahi Pratyush , Subramanian Tejas , Araghi Kasra , Singh Sumedha , Asada Tomoyuki , Maayan Omri , Korsun Maximilian , Singh Nishtha , Tuma Olivia , Dowdell James , Sheha Evan , Qureshi Sheeraz , Iyer Sravisht 
Published: May 2023

Study Design.
Retrospective cohort

Objective.
To compare navigation and robotics in terms of clinical outcomes following minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MI-TLIF).

Summary of Background Data.
While robotics has been shown to have advantages like reduced radiation exposure, greater screw size, and slightly better accuracy over navigation, none of the studies has compared these two modalities in terms of clinical outcomes.

Methods.
Patients who underwent single-level MI-TLIF using robotics or navigation and had a minimum of 1-year follow-up were included. The robotics and navigation groups were compared for improvement in patient reported outcome measures (PROMs), minimal clinically important difference (MCID), patient acceptable symptom state (PASS), response on global rating change (GRC) scale, and screw-related complication and reoperation rates.

Results.
278 patients (143 robotics, 135 navigation) were included. There was no significant difference between the robotics and navigation groups in the baseline demographics, operative variables, and preoperative PROMs. Both groups showed significant improvement in PROMs at <6 and >6 months with no significant difference in the magnitude of improvement between the two groups. Most patients achieved MCID and PASS and reported feeling better on the GRC scale with no significant difference in the proportions between the robotics and navigation groups. The screw-related complication and reoperation rates also showed no significant difference between the two groups.

Conclusion.
Robotics did not seem to lead to significantly better clinical outcomes compared to navigation following MI-TLIF. While the clinical outcomes may be similar, robotics offers the advantages of reduced radiation exposure, greater screw size, and slightly better accuracy over navigation. These advantages should be considered when determining the utility and cost-effectiveness of robotics in spine surgery. Larger multicenter prospective studies are required in future to further investigate this subject.

Level of Evidence.
3
Minimal improvement in coronary artery disease risk prediction in Chinese population using polygenic risk scores: Evidence from the China Kadoorie Biobank
Authors: Yang Songchun , Sun Dong , Sun Zhijia , Yu Canqing , Guo Yu , Si Jiahui , Sun Dianjianyi , Pang Yuanjie , Pei Pei , Yang Ling , Millwood Iona Y. , G.Walters Robin , Chen Yiping , Du Huaidong , Pang Zengchang , Schmidt Dan , Stevens Rebecca , Clarke Robert , Chen Junshi , Chen Zhengming , Lv Jun , Li Liming 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background:
Several studies have reported that polygenic risk scores (PRSs) can enhance risk prediction of coronary artery disease (CAD) in European populations. However, research on this topic is far from sufficient in non-European countries, including China. We aimed to evaluate the potential of PRS for predicting CAD for primary prevention in the Chinese population.

Methods:
Participants with genome-wide genotypic data from the China Kadoorie Biobank were divided into training (n = 28,490) and testing sets (n = 72,150). Ten previously developed PRSs were evaluated, and new ones were developed using clumping and thresholding or LDpred method. The PRS showing the strongest association with CAD in the training set was selected to further evaluate its effects on improving the traditional CAD risk-prediction model in the testing set. Genetic risk was computed by summing the product of the weights and allele dosages across genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphisms. Prediction of the 10-year first CAD events was assessed using hazard ratios (HRs) and measures of model discrimination, calibration, and net reclassification improvement (NRI). Hard CAD (nonfatal I21–I23 and fatal I20–I25) and soft CAD (all fatal or nonfatal I20–I25) were analyzed separately.

Results:
In the testing set, 1214 hard and 7201 soft CAD cases were documented during a mean follow-up of 11.2 years. The HR per standard deviation of the optimal PRS was 1.26 (95% CI:1.19–1.33) for hard CAD. Based on a traditional CAD risk prediction model containing only non-laboratory-based information, the addition of PRS for hard CAD increased Harrell's C index by 0.001 (–0.001 to 0.003) in women and 0.003 (0.001 to 0.005) in men. Among the different high-risk thresholds ranging from 1% to 10%, the highest categorical NRI was 3.2% (95% CI: 0.4–6.0%) at a high-risk threshold of 10.0% in women. The association of the PRS with soft CAD was much weaker than with hard CAD, leading to minimal or no improvement in the soft CAD model.

Conclusions:
In this Chinese population sample, the current PRSs minimally changed risk discrimination and offered little to no improvement in risk stratification for soft CAD. Therefore, this may not be suitable for promoting genetic screening in the general Chinese population to improve CAD risk prediction.
Interaction between mucus layer and gut microbiota in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Soil and seeds
Authors: Zhang Binbin , Li Jie , Fu Jinlong , Shao Li , Yang Luping , Shi Junping 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The intestinal mucus layer is a barrier that separates intestinal contents and epithelial cells, as well as acts as the "mucus layer-soil" for intestinal flora adhesion and colonization. Its structural and functional integrity is crucial to human health. Intestinal mucus is regulated by factors such as diet, living habits, hormones, neurotransmitters, cytokines, and intestinal flora. The mucus layer's thickness, viscosity, porosity, growth rate, and glycosylation status affect the structure of the gut flora colonized on it. The interaction between "mucus layer-soil" and "gut bacteria-seed" is an important factor leading to the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Probiotics, prebiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), and wash microbial transplantation are efficient methods for managing NAFLD, but their long-term efficacy is poor. FMT is focused on achieving the goal of treating diseases by enhancing the "gut bacteria-seed". However, a lack of effective repair and management of the "mucus layer-soil" may be a reason why "seeds" cannot be well colonized and grow in the host gut, as the thinning and destruction of the "mucus layer-soil" is an early symptom of NAFLD. This review summarizes the existing correlation between intestinal mucus and gut microbiota, as well as the pathogenesis of NAFLD, and proposes a new perspective that "mucus layer-soil" restoration combined with "gut bacteria-seed" FMT may be one of the most effective future strategies for enhancing the long-term efficacy of NAFLD treatment.
Human leukocyte antigen-DRB1 gene polymorphism and aplastic anemia: A meta-analysis
Authors: Liang Lijie , Li Ning , Wang Yaomei , Luo Suxia , Song Yongping , Fang Baijun 
Published: May 2023

Background:
The human leukocyte antigen-DRB1 (HLA-DRB1) gene plays key roles in mediating immune response and activating autoreactive T-cells during aplastic anemia (AA) etiology. However, inconsistency appeared in the associations between HLA-DRB1 polymorphism and AA. We aimed to comprehensively clarify their associations in the meta-analysis.

Methods:
PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Science Direct, SinoMed, WanFang Data, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Chongqing VIP Chinese Science Database were searched from January 2000 to June 2022. Statistical analysis was performed in STATA 15.0 and Comprehensive Meta-analysis Software 3.0.

Results:
A total of 16 studies with 4428 patients were eventually analyzed. The results of the meta-analysis suggested that HLA-DRB1*0301 could decrease the risk of AA (odd ratio (OR) = 0.600, 95% CI: 0.427, 0.843). Besides, HLA-DRB1*0901 and HLA-DRB1*1501 were risk factors of AA (OR = 1.591, 95% CI: 1.045, 2.424; OR = 2.145, 95% CI: 1.501, 3.063; respectively). Sensitivity analysis showed heterogeneity among included studies.

Conclusion:

HLA-DRB1 polymorphisms could play roles in the occurrence of AA, however more population-based studies with larger sample sizes are required to certify our findings.
Comparison of prophylactic effects for chemotherapy induced neutropenia between same-day versus next-day administration of pegteograstim (Neurapeg®) in patients treated with chemotherapy regimen composed of day 1 intensive myleosuppressive agent: A randomized phase III clinical trial
Authors: Park Kwonoh , Jeon Young-Kyung , Kim Jung Hoon , Choi Younak , Kim Jae-Joon , Oh Sang-Bo , Oh So Yeon , Hong Yun Jeong , Huh Seok Jae , Kim Ilhwan , Shin Seong Hoon 
Published: May 2023

Background and purpose:
Administration of pegylated granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor (peg-GCSF) 24 to 72 hours after chemotherapy is usually recommended. Next-day administration (after 24 hours) resulted in fewer duration of grade (Gr) 4 chemotherapy-induced neutropenia (CIN) and decreased severity of CIN than same-day (within 4 hours). However, patients sometimes receive same-day Peg-GCSF for the sake of convenience. In addition, a few prior studies showed that the same-day method is comparable or superior to the next-day method in preventing CIN, especially in chemotherapy regimens that include day 1 myelosuppressive agents. Thus, we aim to verify the hypothesis that same-day administration of pegteograstim, a new formulation of peg-GCSF, is non-inferior to next-day administration in terms of Gr4 CIN duration.

Methods:
This study is a randomized, multicenter, open-label, investigator-initiated phase 3 study. Patients with adjuvant/neoadjuvant or first-line palliative chemotherapy comprising intensively myelosuppressive agents on day 1 (mFOLFIRINOX, ECb, EP, FOLFIRI, and FOLFOX) are enrolled. The patients are assigned to the same-day arm or the next-day arm in a 1:1 ratio. The randomizations are stratified according to number of patient CIN risk factors (1 vs ≥2), chemotherapy setting (perioperative vs palliative), and interval (2-week vs 3-week). In the same-day arm, pegteograstim 6 mg is subcutaneously injected within 4 hours after completion of chemotherapy. In the next-day arm, pegetograstim is injected at 24 to 36 hours post-chemotherapy. A complete blood count test is performed daily from day 5 to 9 during the cycle 1. The primary endpoint is duration of Gr4 CIN (cycle 1), and secondary endpoints include incidence of Gr 3 to 4 CIN (cycle 1), severity of CIN (cycle 1), time to recovery absolute neutrophil count 1000/μL (cycle 1), incidence of febrile neutropenia, incidence of CIN-related dose delay, and dose intensity. In order to verify non-inferiority of 0.6 days, we estimated a significance level of 5%, power of 80%, and drop-out rate of 15%. This results in the need for a total of 160 patients, 80 in each group.
Decreasing expression of HIF-1α, VEGF-A, and Ki67 with efficacy of neoadjuvant therapy in locally advanced cervical cancer
Authors: Zhao Ke , Hu Min , Yang Runfeng , Liu Jing , Zeng Pingfan , Zhao Tingkuan 
Published: May 2023

Background:
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) before radical hysterectomy has been widely used for locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC); However, its efficacy is yet to be determined.

Methods:
Effective and predictive biomarkers, which may aid in predicting the chemotherapy responses, were explored in this study. Initially, the expression of HIF-1α, VEGF-A, and Ki67 was detected in 42 paired (pre-NACT and post-NACT) LACC tissues, as well as 40 nonneoplastic cervical epithelial tissues by immunohistochemistry. Then, the correlation of the expression of HIF-1α, VEGF-A, Ki67 with the efficacy of NACT, as well as factors that affect the efficacy of NACT was analyzed.

Results:
A clinical response occurred in 66.7% (28/42) of the patients, including 57.1% (16/28) with a complete response and 42.9% (12/28) with a partial response; While 33.33% (14/42) were non-responders, including 42.9% (6/14) with stable disease and 57.1% (8/14) with progressive disease. HIF-1α, VEGF-A, and Ki67 were overexpressed in LACC tissues compared to nonneoplastic tissues (P < .01, respectively); While the expression of HIF-1α, VEGF-A, and Ki67 was significantly decreased after NACT (P < .01, respectively). What’s more, in the response group, HIF-1α, VEGF-A, and Ki67 expression were significantly decreased after chemotherapy in the post-chemotherapy cervical cancer tissues compared with the pre-chemotherapy cervical cancer tissues (all P < .05). Additionally, patients with lower histological grade and lower expression of HIF-1α, VEGF-A, and Ki67 were more responsive to NACT (P < .05, respectively); Moreover, the histological grade [P = .025, HR (95% CI): 0.133 (0.023–0.777)], HIF-1α [P = .019, HR (95% CI): 0.599 (0.390–0.918)], and Ki67 [P = .036, HR (95% CI): 0.946 (0898–0.996)] were independent risk factors affecting the efficacy of NACT in LACC.

Conclusion:
Expression of HIF-1α, VEGF-A, and Ki67 were significantly decreased after NACT, and decreasing expression of HIF-1α, VEGF-A, and Ki67 were related to good response to NACT, suggesting HIF-1α, VEGF-A, and Ki67 may be implicated in evaluating the efficacy of NACT in LACC.
Erectile dysfunction after acetabular fracture
Authors: Elliott Iain S. , Kleweno Conor , Agel Julie , Coale Max , Patterson Joseph T. , Firoozabadi Reza , Githens Michael , Johnsen Niels V. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Objectives:
To determine the rate of erectile dysfunction in male patients who have sustained an acetabular fracture with no previously identified urogenital injury.

Design:
Cross-sectional survey.

Setting:
Level 1 Trauma Center.

Patients/Participants:
All male patients treated for acetabular fracture without urogenital injury.

Intervention:
The International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF), a validated patient-reported outcome measure for male sexual function, was administered to all patients.

Main Outcome Measurements:
Patients were asked to complete the International Index of Erectile Function score for both preinjury and current sexual function, and the erectile function (EF) domain was used to quantify the degree of erectile dysfunction. Fractures were classified according the OTA/AO classification schema, fracture classification, injury severity score, race, and treatment details, including surgical approach were collected from the database.

Results:
Ninety-two men with acetabular fractures without previously diagnosed urogenital injury responded to the survey at a minimum of 12 months and an average of 43 ± 21 months postinjury. The mean age was 53 ± 15 years. 39.8% of patients developed moderate-to-severe erectile dysfunction after injury. The mean EF domain score decreased 5.02 ± 1.73 points, which is greater than the minimum clinically important difference of 4. Increased injury severity score and associated fracture pattern were predictive of decreased EF score.

Conclusion:
Patients with acetabular fractures have an increased rate of erectile dysfunction at intermediate-term follow-up. The orthopaedic trauma surgeon treating these injuries should be aware of this as a potential associated injury, ask their patients about their function, and make appropriate referrals.

Level of Evidence:
III.