bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NAUNEHAL; Integrated immunization and MNCH interventions: A quasi-experimental study–Protocol
Authors: Ataullahjan Anushka , Khan Amira , Islam Muhammad , Tahir Rehman , Anwar Saeed , Ahmed Imran , Nauman Ahmed , Bhutta Zulfiqar A. 
Published: June 2023

Introduction
Great improvements in the health of newborns, children, and women in Pakistan are needed. A large body of literature has demonstrated that the majority of maternal, newborn, and child deaths are preventable with essential health strategies including immunization, nutrition interventions, and child health interventions. Despite the importance of these interventions for the health of women and children, access to services continues to be a barrier. Furthermore, demand for services also contributes to low coverage of essential health interventions. Given the emerging threat of COVID-19 coupled with already weak maternal and child health, delivering effective and feasible nutrition and immunization services to communities, and increasing demand and uptake of services is a pressing and important need.

Methods and analysis
This quasi-experimental study aims to improve health service delivery and increase uptake. The study included four main intervention strategies including community mobilization, mobile health teams offering MNCH and immunization services, engagement of the private sector, and testing of a comprehensive health, nutrition, growth, and immunization app, Sehat Nishani, for a period of 12 months. The target group of the project were women of reproductive age (15–49 years) and children under-five. The project was implemented in three union councils (UCs) in Pakistan including Kharotabad-1(Quetta District, Balochistan), Bhana Mari (Peshawar District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa) and Bakhmal Ahmedzai (Lakki Marwat district, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa). Propensity score matching based on size, location, health facilities, and key health indicators of UC was conducted to identify three matched UCs. A household baseline, midline, endline and close-out assessment will be conducted for evaluating coverage of interventions as well as the knowledge, attitude, and practices of the community in the MNCH and COVID-19 context. Descriptive and inferential statistics will be used to test hypotheses. As well, a detailed cost-effectiveness analysis will be conducted to generate costing data for these interventions to effectively inform policymakers and stakeholder on feasibility of the model.
Trial registration: NCT05135637.
Cost-effectiveness of mechanical thromboprophylaxis for cesarean deliveries in Brazil
Authors: Veloz Alex , Silas Ubong , Saunders Rhodri , Grisamore Jody , Malavasi André Luiz 
Published: June 2023

ObjectiveTo evaluate the cost-effectiveness of using mechanical thromboprophylaxis for patients undergoing a cesarean delivery in Brazil.MethodsA decision-analytic model built in TreeAge software was used to compare the cost and effectiveness of intermittent pneumatic compression to prophylaxis with low-molecular-weight heparin or no prophylaxis from the perspective of the hospital. Related adverse events were venous thromboembolism, minor bleeding, and major bleeding. Model data were sourced from peer-reviewed studies through a structured literature search. A willingness-to-pay threshold of R$15,000 per avoided adverse event was adopted. Scenario, one-way, and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed to evaluate the impact of uncertainties on the results.ResultsThe costs of care related to venous thromboembolism prophylaxis and associated adverse events ranged from R$914 for no prophylaxis to R$1,301 for low-molecular-weight heparin. With an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of R$7,843 per adverse event avoided. Intermittent pneumatic compression was cost-effective compared to no prophylaxis. With lower costs and improved effectiveness, intermittent pneumatic compression dominated low-molecular-weight heparin. The probabilistic sensitivity analyses showed that the probability of being cost-effective was comparable for intermittent pneumatic compression and no prophylaxis, with low-molecular-weight heparin unlikely to be considered cost-effective (0.07).ConclusionsIntermittent pneumatic compression could be a cost-effective option and is likely to be more appropriate than low-molecular-weight heparin when used for venous thromboembolism prophylaxis for cesarean delivery in Brazil. Use of thromboprophylaxis should be a risk-stratified, individualized approach.
An intact S-layer is advantageous to Clostridioides difficile within the host
Authors: Ormsby Michael J. , Vaz Filipa , Kirk Joseph A. , Barwinska-Sendra Anna , Hallam Jennifer C. , Lanzoni-Mangutchi Paola , Cole John , Chaudhuri Roy R. , Salgado Paula S. , Fagan Robert P. , Douce Gillian R 
Published: June 2023

Clostridioides difficile is responsible for substantial morbidity and mortality in antibiotically-treated, hospitalised, elderly patients, in which toxin production correlates with diarrhoeal disease. While the function of these toxins has been studied in detail, the contribution of other factors, including the paracrystalline surface layer (S-layer), to disease is less well understood. Here, we highlight the essentiality of the S-layer in vivo by reporting the recovery of S-layer variants, following infection with the S-layer-null strain, FM2.5. These variants carry either correction of the original point mutation, or sequence modifications which restored the reading frame, and translation of slpA. Selection of these variant clones was rapid in vivo, and independent of toxin production, with up to 90% of the recovered C. difficile population encoding modified slpA sequence within 24 h post infection.
Two variants, subsequently named FM2.5varA and FM2.5varB, were selected for study in greater detail. Structural determination of SlpA from FM2.5varB indicated an alteration in the orientation of protein domains, resulting in a reorganisation of the lattice assembly, and changes in interacting interfaces, which might alter function. Interestingly, variant FM2.5varB displayed an attenuated, FM2.5-like phenotype in vivo compared to FM2.5varA, which caused disease severity more comparable to that of R20291. Comparative RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) analysis of in vitro grown isolates revealed large changes in gene expression between R20291 and FM2.5. Downregulation of tcdA/tcdB and several genes associated with sporulation and cell wall integrity may account for the reported attenuated phenotype of FM2.5 in vivo. RNA-seq data correlated well with disease severity with the more virulent variant, FM2.5varA, showing s similar profile of gene expression to R20291 in vitro, while the attenuated FM2.5varB showed downregulation of many of the same virulence associated traits as FM2.5. Cumulatively, these data add to a growing body of evidence that the S-layer contributes to C. difficile pathogenesis and disease severity.
The exception that proves the rule: Virulence gene expression at the onset of Plasmodium falciparum blood stage infections
Authors: Wichers-Misterek Jan Stephan , Krumkamp Ralf , Held Jana , von Thien Heidrun , Wittmann Irene , Höppner Yannick Daniel , Ruge Julia M. , Moser Kara , Dara Antoine , Strauss Jan , Esen Meral , Fendel Rolf , Sulyok Zita , Jeninga Myriam D. , Kremsner Peter G. , Sim B. Kim Lee , Hoffman Stephen L. , Duffy Michael F. , Otto Thomas D. , Gilberger Tim-Wolf , Silva Joana C. , Mordmüller Benjamin , Petter Michaela , Bachmann Anna 
Published: June 2023

Controlled human malaria infections (CHMI) are a valuable tool to study parasite gene expressionin vivounder defined conditions. In previous studies, virulence gene expression was analyzed in samples from volunteers infected with thePlasmodium falciparum(Pf) NF54 isolate, which is of African origin. Here, we provide an in-depth investigation of parasite virulence gene expression in malaria-naïve European volunteers undergoing CHMI with the genetically distinct Pf 7G8 clone, originating in Brazil. Differential expression ofvargenes, encoding major virulence factors of Pf, PfEMP1s, was assessed inex vivoparasite samples as well as in parasites from thein vitrocell bank culture that was used to generate the sporozoites (SPZ) for CHMI (Sanaria PfSPZ Challenge (7G8)). We report broad activation of mainly B-type subtelomeric locatedvargenes at the onset of a 7G8 blood stage infection in naïve volunteers, mirroring the NF54 expression study and suggesting that the expression of virulence-associated genes is generally reset during transmission from the mosquito to the human host. However, in 7G8 parasites, we additionally detected a continuously expressed single C-type variant, Pf7G8_040025600, that was most highly expressed in both pre-mosquito cell bank and volunteer samples, suggesting that 7G8, unlike NF54, maintains expression of some previously expressedvarvariants during transmission. This suggests that in a new host, the parasite may preferentially express the variants that previously allowed successful infection and transmission.Trial registration:ClinicalTrials.gov -NCT02704533; 2018-004523-36
Z dziejów jednej z najstarszych szkół średnich ogólnokształcących w Polsce: Szkoła kaliska i jej budynek, red. B. Celer, J. Montelatic, K. Walczak, Kaliskie Towarzystwo Przyjaciół Nauk, Kalisz 2020, ss. 197
Authors: Radziszewska Maria 
Published: June 2023

Recenzja: Z dziejów jednej z najstarszych szkół średnich ogólnokształcących w Polsce: Szkoła kaliska i jej budynek, red. B. Celer, J. Montelatic, K. Walczak, Kaliskie Towarzystwo Przyjaciół Nauk, Kalisz 2020, ss. 197
Linked Open Data. Zukunftsweisende Strategien
Authors: Petz Georg 
Published: June 2023

Zusammenfassung
Bibliotheken stellen bereits seit einigen Jahren ihre bibliografischen Metadaten als Linked Open Data zur Verfügung. Die Idee dahinter ist, Daten aus verschiedenen Quellen und Formaten (Datensilos), die derzeit nicht oder nur schwer zugänglich sind, in möglichst einheitlicher Form miteinander zu verknüpfen. Dieser Artikel fasst die aktuellen Entwicklungen zusammen und es werden die vier grundlegenden Möglichkeiten, Linked Open Data zu veröffentlichen, miteinander verglichen. Abschließend werden die Initiativen der Österreichischen Nationalbibliothek auf diesem Gebiet vorgestellt.
Multifunctional analysis and antimicrobial activity of Adhatoda vasica: a traditional medicinal plant
Authors: Fatima Maryam , Zafar Imran , Ain Qurat ul , Anwar Muhammad Masood , Yousaf Waqas , Rather Mohd Ashraf , Nainu Firzan , Sharma Rohit 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Antibiotic resistance is rising, prompting innovative strategies for eradicating the epidemic. This study investigated the antibacterial properties of the leaves of a widely used medicinal plant, Adhatoda vasica.

Methods
The plant’s polar (water, methanol) and non-polar (hexane) extracts were tested against several different bacterial strains using the disc diffusion technique.

Results
In a study, it was found that the water extract had the greatest inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus simulans and Staphylococcus aureus, with minimum inhibitory concentrations of 16.444 and 19.315 g/mL, respectively. Gram-negative strains were more susceptible to plant extracts than Gram-positive strains. The phytochemical analysis indicated the presence of secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, tannins, and steroids, where absorbance was recorded at 415 nm. The water extract had the highest amount of phenolics, with a total phenolic content of 53.92 0.47 mg and a total flavonoid content of 7.25 0.08 mg. Results suggest that the extract may have potential therapeutic applications for antimicrobial properties.

Conclusions
The study concluded that the extract’s phenolic group of secondary metabolites were responsible for its antibacterial activity. The study highlights A. vasica as a promising source for discovering new and effective antibacterial compounds.
Hydromechanical behavior of wood during drying studied by NIR spectroscopy and image analysis
Authors: Amaral Evelize Aparecida , Baliza Lívia Freire , dos Santos Luana Maria , Shashiki André Tetsuo , Trugilho Paulo Fernando , Hein Paulo Ricardo Gherardi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The physical properties of wood are important parameters to qualify the material. However, as it is a heterogeneous material, moisture content and wood contractions may vary within the sample. Thus, the objective was to monitor the hydromechanical behavior of wood during drying using near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy and image analysis. Equidistant points were marked on the radial surface of a wooden board and NIR spectra were recorded at each marking during drying of the piece. After spectral acquisition in each drying step, images were obtained and the markings were referenced to monitor contractions during drying. Moisture content (MC) estimates via NIR spectra showed strong correlation with reference values (R2cv = 0.92, RMSEcv = 9.82 %). From the estimates it was possible to generate graphic images to visualize and quantify the spatial variation of MC and shrinkage during wood drying. In the initial stages of drying, the ends of the material showed high moisture in relation to the center of the sample. However, MC loss was 11 % greater at the ends of the wood board when compared to its interior while the shrinkage in external zones was 3 times greater than the internal part. The use of NIR technique associated with image analysis can be a promising tool for estimating moisture contents and contractions in wood.
Assessing the influence of differential code bias and satellite geometry on GNSS ambiguity resolution through MANS-PPP software package
Authors: Shehata Ashraf G. , Zarzoura Fawzi H. , El-Mewafi Mahmoud 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Ambiguity resolution (AR) is essential for quick and accurate Global Navigation Satellite System GNSS location and navigation. In addition to location parameters, there are various additional GNSS characteristics that are relevant for a wide range of applications such as instrumental calibrations, atmospheric sounding, and time transfer. We offer differential code bias and satellite geometry for the GNSS estimable parameters using MANS-PPP software backage. In this research, we used the MANS-PPP software package to execute the processing method and generate the PPP GNSS solution. We demonstrated how differential code bias and satellite geometry can effectively enhance initial time and positioning error for multi-GNSS satellites. PPP Processing observation data in static mode was used by the different DCB files the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), the German Aerospace Centre (DLR), and the Centre for Orbit Determination in Europe (CODE), for the 12 stations from IGS, and we analyzed the impact of errors from the satellite geometry. The results illustration that the correction of DCB significantly improves the PPP ambiguity resolution success rate and quality, which have higher DCB values. The satellite geometry also has a substantial influence on the PPP ambiguity resolution, with a better geometry leading to a higher success rate and quality. Furthermore, the use of multiple GNSS constellations and the optimization of the satellite selection and weighting algorithms can further improve the PPP ambiguity resolution and the resulting positioning accuracy.
Gastroprotective and ulcer healing effects of Nauclea pobeguinii (Rubiaceae) on experimentally induced gastric ulcers in male Wistar rats
Authors: Madjo Karelle Kouam Yacine , Mbiantcha Marius , Fagni Linda Zenab Njoya , Matah Marthe Vanessa Mba , Ngoufack Elvira Azanze , Tsafack Gonzal Eric , Djuichou Nguemnang Stephanie Flore , Adjouzem Carine Flore , Ateufack Gilbert 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objectives
In this study, we determined the gastroprotective and ulcer-healing effects of extracts (aqueous and methanolic) of Nauclea pobeguinii stem-back.

Methods
Gastroprotective and healing activity were evaluated following a HCl/ethanol and an indomethacin-induced acute ulcers models; acetic acid, pylorus-ligature, pylorus ligature/histamine and pylorus ligature/acetylcholine-induced chronic ulcers models.

Results
It emerges from this study that, at 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg, the extracts significantly reduced the various ulceration parameters. Compared to negative control male rats, the aqueous (100 mg/kg) and methanolic (400 mg/kg) extracts of Nauclea pobeguinii inhibited the ulcers induced by HCl/ethanol by 80.76 % and 100 % respectively, as well as ulcers induced by indomethacin by 88.28 % and 93.47 % respectively. Animals that received 200 mg/kg of both extracts showed a significant reduction in the levels of monocytes, lymphocytes, nitric oxide, MDA and a significant increase in the activities of SOD and catalase. Histological analysis showed repaired mucous epithelium at all doses of both extracts. Aqueous and methanol extracts inhibited ulceration indices by 89.33 % and 88.53 % for pylorus ligature, 83.81 % and 61.07 % for pylorus ligature/acetylcholine and 87.29 % and 99.63 % for pylorus ligature/histamine respectively. Both extracts protected the stomach lining with percentages inhibition of 79.49 % and 81.73 %, respectively in the ethanol test. The extracts induced a significant increase in mucus mass (p<0.001).

Conclusions
The aqueous and methanol extracts of Nauclea pobeguinii healed ulcers thanks to their anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-secretory and cytoprotective properties.
Management of acute metabolic crisis in TANGO2 deficiency: a case report
Authors: Yılmaz-Gümüş Emel , Elcioglu Nursel H. , Genç Emine , Arıcı Şule , Öztürk Gülten , Yapıcı Özge , Akalın Figen , Öztürk-Hişmi Burcu 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objectives
TANGO2 deficiency is a rare inborn error of metabolism, with distinct clinical features. The clinical presentations of TANGO2 deficiency are developmental delay, speech difficulties, intellectual disability, non-life-threatening paroxysmal neurologic episodes (TANGO2 spells), acute metabolic crises, cardiac crises, seizures and hypothyroidism. Patients may die in acute metabolic crises. Here we report our experience in the management of an acute metabolic crisis in TANGO2 deficiency.

Case presentation
A 9-year-old patient diagnosed with TANGO2 deficiency was admitted with fever, fatigue, unable to walk. In follow up, encephalopathy, rhabdomyolysis and arrhythmia were detected. Vitamin B-complex was started. Our patient’s mental status and rhabdomyolysis improved dramatically, and cardiac crises ended without Torsades de pointes, ventricular tachycardia and/or fibrillation or myocardial dysfunction.

Conclusions
With this report, we aimed to show the effectiveness of vitamin B-complex in the management of acute metabolic crises.
Postsocialist Statuary Politics in Romania and Bulgaria: An Ambivalent Socialist Heritage
Authors: Preda Caterina 
Published: June 2023

AbstractUsing an approach situated at the intersection of cultural memory studies and (critical) heritage studies, with a focus on the ambivalent socialist heritage of socialist statues and monuments and their changing role in postsocialist public spaces, this article engages with the postcommunist strategies of reckoning with the past in Romania and Bulgaria in the period 1990–2020. Comparing the kinds of monumental memory of communism that were established in these countries, the author discusses how each dealt with their ambivalent socialist heritage through a public memory policy comprising three combined strategies: removal; preservation; and the replacement of communist heroes with anticommunist counter-monuments. The author concludes that stances toward the socialist heritage manifest various tensions in terms of the types of statues that were removed or, alternately, allowed to remain; of the opposition between local and national decisions as well as between the official approach and citizens’ perspectives; and, finally, of aesthetic versus political criteria.
What Do Moldovans Think of and How Do They Talk about the Russian Aggression against Ukraine? Prolegomena for Qualitative Inquiry
Authors: Negură Petru 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This essay explores the advantages of a qualitative approach based on a preliminary analysis of a collection of street interviews broadcast from March 2022 to March 2023 in the Republic of Moldova via 34 radio programmes. While the results of the opinion polls reflect a clear division of opinion on the war in Ukraine within Moldovan society along pre-existing geopolitical lines, the interviews highlight the possibility of consensus among respondents voicing opposing views on the causes of the war. Regardless of ideological positions however, when asked, most respondents said they wished for peace. The author reflects on the potential inherent in that common response for a type of community based on inclusion and cohabitation.
miR-145-5p suppresses cell proliferation by targeting IGF1R and NRAS genes in multiple myeloma cells
Authors: Kaya Murat , Suer Ilknur , Ozgur Emre , Capik Ozel , Karatas Omer Faruk , Ozturk Sukru , Gezer Ugur , Palanduz Sukru , Cefle Kivanc 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a common hematological cancer. Hence, it is important to conduct further studies investigating the molecular mechanisms in detail that contributes to myeloma genesis. In addition to genetic changes, epigenetic factors such as miRNAs may influence the expression of myeloma-related genes.

Methods
Our study aimed to detect genes closely related to MM and miRNAs involved in the cancer process by changing the expression of these genes with bioinformatics tools and in vitro methods. Bioinformatics approaches identified hub miRNAs in our study that may have a role in the expression change of genes connected to myeloma. The functional impacts of the chosen miRNA on RPMI8226 and U266 cell lines and the effect of this miRNA on the expression changes of putative target genes were investigated.

Results
The viability of miR-145-5p transfected cells was found to decrease compared to control cells and the expression of IGF1R and NRAS genes were found to be significantly suppressed in both cell lines at mRNA level. Decreased levels of the IGF1R and NRAS genes were confirmed in miR-145-5p transfected cells at the protein level as well as compared to control cells. In addition, IGF1R/miR-145-5p interaction was demonstrated via luciferase reporter assay. However, expression levels of EGFR, KLF4, IRS1, CDK4 and CDK6 candidate genes had no statistically significant difference in miR-145-5p transfected cells compared to control cells.

Conclusions
Mir-145-5p was demonstrated to act as a tumor suppressor miRNA and inhibit the proliferation in MM cell lines via targeting IGF1R and NRAS.
I. L’irripetibilità del processo criminale nell’esperienza giuridica romana
Authors: Laffi Umberto 
Published: June 2023

Summary
The prohibition of double trial for one and the same fact is a principle that we find theorized and applied in the legal experience of the Romans above all in the field of civil procedural law. Hence modern Romanistic legal science concentrated on this area of law. There are only few specific studies devoted to this subject with reference to criminal procedural law. The problem deserves to be taken up and studied in depth. First of all the author defines the scope of the preclusive effects produced by the judgement as it results from an exhaustive analysis of the epigraphic Lex repetundarum (linn. 1–4, 5, 56). On a more general level, the sources show that the principle of the non-repeatability of criminal prosecutions found substantial application both in the late republican and imperial ages, albeit with the limits and the exceptions that the author highlights. In addition to jurisprudence, the subject of the unrepeatability of the trial lent itself to being dealt with in schools of rhetoric.