bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and Validation of the Awareness Outcomes Measure (AOM) Using Rasch Approach
Authors: Sutton Anna , Medvedev Oleg N. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Objectives
Awareness is a key component of concepts related to well-being, such as mindfulness and authenticity. Similarly, interventions to enhance mindfulness and well-being often focus on developing awareness. But measuring the effect of awareness development represents a challenge due to the lack of reliable and valid measures focused specifically on awareness outcomes. This study aimed to develop and validate the Awareness Outcomes Measure (AOM) using modern Rasch methodology.

Method
The measure was developed from Self-Awareness Outcomes Questionnaire (SAOQ) items, drawn from previous research with awareness-development experts. A partial credit Rasch model was applied to examine the psychometric properties of the AOM with a combined sample of 713 participants from three English-speaking countries.

Results
The 21-item AOM met expectations of the unidimensional Rasch model. It is a reliable and psychometrically sound instrument, invariant across sex, country, and age, designed to measure the outcomes of awareness development. Person-item thresholds demonstrated excellent coverage of awareness outcomes, and we developed an algorithm for ordinal-to-interval transformations presented in a table to further enhance precision of the AOM.

Conclusions
In this study, we have developed and validated the AOM, providing researchers and practitioners with a robust measure of awareness outcomes that is suitable for use in a range of populations.
Agronomic factors are the dominant influence on nitrogen fertilizer strategies in dryland cropping systems
Authors: Petersen Elizabeth H. , Scanlan Craig A. , Burton Michael P. , Oliver Yvette M. , Murphy Daniel V. , Hoyle Frances C. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractFactors affecting fertilizer decisions made by grain growers are changing in the context of changing climatic conditions and growing volatility in global fertilizer and grain markets. To ensure sustainable development of grain industries in light of this uncertainty, research, development, extension, and adoption activities associated with growers’ fertilizer decisions need to be focused on factors to which they are most sensitive. The aim of this paper is to understand the factors that have the greatest influence on grain producer’s fertilizer strategies, how these factors have changed over recent years, and what is the relative importance of agronomic, socioeconomic, and logistical factors affecting these strategies. A telephone survey of 425 grain-growing businesses in Western Australia was conducted, and survey results were analyzed statistically. We show for the first time that grain growers’ fertilizer decisions are most sensitive to agronomic factors (especially the amount and distribution of rainfall). Logistic factors (such as difficulties fertilizing increasing areas in short periods of time) are growing in influence as farm size, cropping areas, and the number of fertilizer applications within seasons increase. Fertilizer decisions have become less sensitive to socioeconomic factors over the last 10 to 15 years. To ensure sustainable development of grain production, research through to adoption activities should focus on agronomic issues (such as seasonal forecasting) and logistic issues (such as improving planning, organizational, and technical capacity for developing and implementing fertilizer strategies).
Point-of-care ultrasonography in diagnosing necrotizing fasciitis—a literature review
Authors: Gan Rick Kye , Sanchez Martinez Antoni , Abu Hasan Muhammad Abdus-Syakur , Castro Delgado Rafael , Arcos González Pedro 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Necrotizing fasciitis (NF) is a rapidly progressive necrosis of the fascial layer with a high mortality rate. It is a life-threatening medical emergency that requires urgent treatment. Lack of skin finding in NF made diagnosis difficult and required a high clinical index of suspicion. The use of ultrasound may guide clinicians in improving diagnostic speed and accuracy, thus leading to improved management decisions and patient outcomes. This literature search aims to review the use of point-of-care ultrasonography in diagnosing necrotizing fasciitis.

Method
We searched relevant electronic databases, including PUBMED, MEDLINE, and SCOPUS, and performed a systematic review. Keywords used were “necrotizing fasciitis” or “necrotising fasciitis” or “necrotizing soft tissue infections” and “point-of-care ultrasonography” “ultrasonography” or “ultrasound”. No temporal limitation was set. An additional search was performed via google scholar, and the top 100 entry was screened.

Results
Among 540 papers screened, only 21 were related to diagnosing necrotizing fasciitis using ultrasonography. The outcome includes three observational studies, 16 case reports, and two case series, covering the period from 1976 to 2022.

Conclusion
Although the use of ultrasonography in diagnosing NF was published in several papers with promising results, more studies are required to investigate its diagnostic accuracy and potential to reduce time delay before surgical intervention, morbidity, and mortality.
Corticosteroids to prevent renal scarring in children with pyelonephritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Jääskeläinen Johanna , Renko Marjo , Kuitunen Ilari 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Acute pyelonephritis is a common infection in children that may cause renal scarring. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to analyse the use of corticosteroid treatment to prevent renal scarring.

Methods
We searched the PubMED, SCOPUS, Cochrane CENTRAL and Web of Science databases in June 2022 for (corticosteroid* or dexamethasone or prednisolone* or prednisone* or hydrocortisone*) AND pyelonephritis. Randomised controlled trials focusing on children were included. The intervention was corticosteroid treatment with antibiotics compared to antibiotics with or without a placebo. The main outcome was the presence of renal scars on dimercaptosuccinic acid scanning at follow-up. The evidence quality was assessed using the GRADE methodology and risk of bias 2.0 tool. We calculated the risk ratio (RR), absolute risk difference (RD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) and the number needed to treat (NNT). We applied a fixed effects model due to low heterogeneity.

Results
We screened 872 abstracts and included five full texts. Renal scarring at follow-up was found in 31/220 (14.1%) patients in the corticosteroid groups and 76/278 (27.3%) in the control groups (RR 0.65, CI 0.44–0.96, RD − 13.2%, NNT 8). The evidence quality was moderate. Two studies reported adverse events with no differences between the groups. The risk of bias analysis showed some concerns in four studies.

Conclusion
We found moderate quality evidence that adjuvant corticosteroid treatment could prevent renal scarring. Adverse events were insufficiently reported, and more research on their effectiveness and harm is therefore needed before using corticosteroids in clinical settings.
A new approach to investigate the effects of artificial neural networks based on bipolar complex spherical fuzzy information
Authors: Gwak Jeonghwan , Garg Harish , Jan Naeem , Akram Bushra 
Published: January 2023

AbstractArtificial neural network is revolutionizing business and everyday life, bringing us to the next level in artificial intelligence. It has a unique ability to extract meaning from complex data to find patterns and detect trends that are too convoluted for the human brain. This paper analyzes the artificial neural network impact on different computational organizations by using the innovative structure of bipolar complex spherical fuzzy relation which is any subset of the Cartesian product of two bipolar complex spherical fuzzy sets. This notion has a comprehensive structure that consists of membership grade, abstinence grade, and non-membership grade. Furthermore, various kinds of bipolar complex spherical fuzzy relation with suitable examples are given and some authentic results also have been proved. These newly defined structures are used to investigate the impact of artificial neural network work on a variety of organizations. The innovative framework is also compared with the existing structure in the field of fuzzy set theory to prove its superiority.
The impact of shadowboxing on the psychological well-being of professional martial artists
Authors: Croom Adam M. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDoes martial arts practice contribute to psychological well-being in professional martial artists? If so, what are the specific ways that martial arts practice accomplishes this? It has been a long-standing and widely held belief that martial arts practice can contribute to psychological well-being, however, there has been a lack of empirical research in the psychological literature focused on investigating the details of this hypothesis. The purpose of this research is therefore to investigate the impact of a paradigmatic martial arts practice—shadowboxing—on the psychological well-being of professional martial artists. In this article I present the results from an original empirical study on professional Muay Thai practitioners (n = 14) that reveals how a martial arts practice (shadowboxing) contributes to their overall psychological well-being by contributing to their positive emotions, engagement, relationships, meaning, and accomplishment. I present general results for how shadowboxing contributes to the psychological well-being of these professional martial artists overall, as well as more specific results for how shadowboxing contributes to the psychological well-being of these professional martial artists based on factors such as their gender, fight experience, and training location. This article also provides qualitative first-person reports from professional Muay Thai practitioners (n = 14) about their use of visualization and mental imagery and their experience of flow while shadowboxing, offering unique insight into the minds of professional martial artists as they are actively engaged in their craft. Finally, this article discusses the value and limitations of the present study and outlines suggestions for future research.
The Utility of Echocardiogram in the Workup of Ischemic Stroke Patients
Authors: Villani Linda A. , Guay Meagan , DeDominicis Michael , Bharwani Aadil , Xu Richard , Počuča Nikola , Perera Kanjana 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT:Background:Cardiac sources of emboli can be identified by transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE). The Canadian Best Practice Guidelines recommend routine use of TTE in the initial workup of ischemic stroke when an embolic source is suspected. However, TTEs are commonly ordered for all patients despite insufficient evidence to justify cost-effectiveness. We aim to evaluate the TTE ordering pattern in the initial workup of ischemic stroke at a regional Stroke Center in Central South Ontario and determine the proportion of studies which led to a change in management and affected length of stay (LOS).Methods:Hospital records of 520 patients with a discharge diagnosis of TIA or ischemic stroke between October 2016 and June 2017 were reviewed to gather informationResults:477 patients admitted for TIA or ischemic stroke met inclusion criteria. 67.9% received TTE, out of which 6.0% had findings of cardiac sources of emboli including left ventricular thrombus, atrial septal aneurysm, PFO, atrial myxoma, and valvular vegetation. 2.5% of all TTE findings led to change in medical management. The median LOS of patients who underwent TTE was 2 days longer (p < 0.00001).Conclusion:TTE in the initial workup of TIA or ischemic stroke remains common practice. The yield of TTEs is low, and the proportion of studies that lead to changes in medical management is minimal. TTE completion was associated with increased LOS and may result in increased healthcare spending; however, additional factors prolonging the LOS could not be excluded.
Cormac McCarthy’s Racial Fictions: Race in Blood Meridian’s Colonial Imagination
Authors: Wang Kyle 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSituated within contemporary studies of Cormac McCarthy’s work, this article argues that existing discourse around Cormac McCarthy’s novel Blood Meridian suffers from a lack of critical engagement with the novel’s racial and colonial politics. Using racial capitalism as a framework, the article posits that McCarthy’s novel can be read not only as a story about American storytelling traditions, but how these traditions are themselves contingent on the reproduction and reification of white supremacy. This rereading of Blood Meridian additionally takes into account how the novel’s narrativization of white supremacy and settler colonialism manifests in both the novel’s form and content, arguing that the novel stages encounters with blackness and Indigeneity to mimic the mechanisms through which white supremacy was (violently) produced.
Creolization, Hybridity and Archipelagic Thinking: Interrogating Inscriptions of Postcolonial Agency
Authors: Murdoch H. Adlai 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe terms creolization and hybridity are neither parallel nor interchangeable. The former cannot be fully understood without taking into account its historical background and geographical context so that creolization is a phenomenon of exchange and transformation that is indispensable to understanding the New World experience. Hybridity, on the other hand, claims to provide a framework for avoiding the binaries of colonialist thinking, enabling agency particularly in postcolonial contexts involving subaltern subjects. Such a reading posits contact and chaos, cultural relativity, exchange and transformation as key tools in a polyvalent system of thought. The resulting nonbinary, archipelagic framework leads to the concept of archipelic rather than continental thought, transcending the universalist presumptions of the either/or and revising and rewriting traditional notions of boundary and location.
EVALUATION OF AQUEOUS GASTROPOD SHELLS AS GROUNDWATER RADIOCARBON PROXIES ACROSS SPECIES AND SITES
Authors: Lerback J C , Bagge S , Bowen B B 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACTWe evaluate carbonate gastropod shells as 14C proxies for groundwater discharge at springs. Groundwater 14C is commonly used to estimate groundwater transit times, and a carbonate shell proxy would present a different way of collecting groundwater 14C data. Specifically, we test the hypothesis that in exclusively groundwater-fed spring systems, water 14C is preserved in carbonate shells at multiple sites, species, and water 14C. We first present isotopic and water temperature variability over several years at three spring sites in Utah. We then compare the 14C of contemporaneously collected water, sediment, and shells of benthic gastropods (Melanoides tuberculata, Pyrgulopsis pilsbryana, and Physella gyrina). We show that water and shell 14C activities at each site are correlated (slope = 1.00, R2 = 0.999, n = 22). These results support the hypothesis that 14C from groundwater is preserved in carbonate shells, and that aqueous gastropods a viable groundwater 14C proxy. Finally, we describe the utility and limitations of using gastropod shells as a groundwater 14C proxy.
Interaction between genetics and inulin affects host metabolism in rainbow trout fed a sustainable all plant-based diet
Authors: Lokesh Jep , Delaygues Marine , Defaix Raphaël , Le Bechec Mickael , Pigot Thierry , Dupont-Nivet Mathilde , Kerneis Thierry , Labbé Laurent , Goardon Lionel , Terrier Frédéric , Panserat Stéphane , Ricaud Karine 
Published: January 2023

AbstractInulin affects nutrition and metabolism in many animals. Although inulin is widely used in the diet of teleosts, its mechanism of action is unknown. Here, we investigated the effect of inulin (2 %) on the intestinal microbiome and metabolism in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) selected for growth and survival when fed a 100 % plant-based diet (suave) and a control line (temoin). Metabolic responses to the two factors (line and inulin) in liver, intestine, muscle and adipose were tissue-specific, with line and interaction between the two factors influencing overall expression in liver. In the intestine, inulin and line and in muscle, line influenced the expression of metabolic genes. Microbiota between the mucus and digestive contents was significantly different, with genera from Proteobacteria being more abundant in the mucus, whereas genera from the Firmicutes and Planctomycetes being more abundant in contents. Effect of inulin and interaction between factors on the microbiome was evident in contents. The significant taxa of control and inulin-fed groups differed greatly with Streptococcus and Weissella being significantly abundant in the inulin-fed group. There was a general trend showing higher levels of all SCFA in temoin group with propionic acid levels being significantly higher. An operational taxonomic unit (OTU) belonging to the Ruminococcaceae was significantly abundant in suave. The tissue-specific correlations between OTU and gene expression may indicate the link between microbiome and metabolism. Together, these results suggest that line and inulin impact the gene expression in a tissue-specific manner, possibly driven by specific OTUs enriched in inulin-fed groups and suave.
Weight trajectories from birth to 5 years and child appetitive traits at 7 years of age: a prospective birth cohort study
Authors: Warkentin Sarah , Santos Ana Cristina , Oliveira Andreia 
Published: January 2023

AbstractRapid prenatal and postnatal weight gain seem to alter appetite regulation and hypothalamic functions through different pathways; however, little is known on how early life growth trajectories may influence appetitive traits in school-age. We aimed to explore the associations between weight trajectories from birth to 5 years and appetitive traits at 7. Participants were from the Generation XXI birth cohort (n3855). Four weight trajectories were investigated: ‘normal weight gain’ (closely overlaps the 50th percentile in the weight-for-age curve), ‘weight gain during infancy’ (low birth weight and weight gain mainly during infancy), ‘weight gain during childhood’ (continuous weight gain since birth) and ‘persistent weight gain’ (always showing higher weight than the average). Appetitive traits were assessed through the Children’s Eating Behaviour Questionnaire. Associations were tested using generalised linear models, adjusted for maternal and child characteristics. Compared with ‘normal weight gain’, those in the other growth trajectories showed greater enjoyment of food and eating in response to food stimuli (i.e. Food Responsiveness) but were less able to compensate for prior food intake and ate faster at 7 (i.e. less Satiety Responsiveness and Slowness in Eating). Also, those with ‘weight gain during infancy’ showed to have greater Emotional Overeating and less Emotional Undereating and were fussier. Associations were stronger if greater weight gain occurred during infancy. Early infancy seems to be a sensitive period in the development of later appetitive traits. The control of rapid growth during infancy, besides strategies focused on the overall environment where children are living, is necessary.
Northernmost record of the Chilean torpedo Tetronarce tremens from tropical coastal waters of the Mexican Pacific
Authors: Ruiz-Escobar Fernando , Oceguera-Figueroa Alejandro , Islas-Villanueva Valentina 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The Chilean torpedo Tetronarce tremens is recorded for the first time in the Mexican Pacific. A single male specimen was captured by artisanal fishermen using a bottom-set gillnet off San Agustinillo, Oaxaca. The specimen identification was based on morphology and confirmed by DNA barcoding of the cytochrome oxidase subunit I gene and its comparison with sequences available in online repositories. A phylogenetic analysis of Tetronarce resulted in the clustering of three species that inhabit the Pacific Ocean: Tetronarce tremens, Tetronarce californica and Tetronarce tokionis. This study provides the northernmost record of Tetronarce tremens in the Eastern Pacific Ocean, an atypical sighting beyond its native distribution range in tropical and temperate waters off South America.
‘Enjoying life’: Consumption, changing meanings, and social differentiation in Kerala, India
Authors: Mannathukkaren Nissim 
Published: January 2023

AbstractKerala is a well-recognized ‘model’ of human development in the world. In this article, I look at a crucial aspect of this development, which is often approached in a positivist fashion of statistical aggregation alone: consumption. Instead, there is a need to study the meanings that surround it. I delineate the many forces, particularly the new material infrastructure, that have driven consumption in the last three decades, especially the last one. With increasing integration into global market forces through migration and investment, and cultural imaginations, I show that there is a tectonic change in consciousness about consumption, marked by fantasies, desires, and, contrarily, feelings of excess and ambivalence. I argue that the non-market sector has also played an important role in consumption. There is an increasing generalization of certain ideas about consumption as well as disenchantments across classes. But critically, I contend, there are caste, class, and gender disparities in consumption as well as differences in the meanings attributed to it. Thus, consumption is a socially meaningful, but discrepant, space. This article is based on fieldwork conducted in a town in central Kerala, supplemented with quantitative data.
The mitochondrial DNA diversity of captive ruffed lemurs (Vareciaspp.): implications for conservation
Authors: Vega Rodrigo , Hopper Jane , Kitchener Andrew C. , Catinaud Jérôme , Roullet Delphine , Robsomanitrandrasana Eric , Hollister Jack D. , Roos Christian , King Tony 
Published: January 2023

AbstractRuffed lemurs (Varecia variegataandVarecia rubra) are categorized as Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red List, and genetic studies are needed for assessing the conservation value of captive populations. Using 280 mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) D-loop sequences, we studied the genetic diversity and structure of captive ruffed lemurs in Madagascar, Europe and North America. We found 10 new haplotypes: one from the European captiveV. rubrapopulation, three from captiveV. variegata subcincta(one from Europe and two from Madagascar) and six from other captiveV. variegatain Madagascar. We found low mtDNA genetic diversity in the European and North American captive populations ofV. variegata. Several founder individuals shared the same mtDNA haplotype and therefore should not be assumed to be unrelated founders when making breeding recommendations. The captive population in Madagascar has high genetic diversity, including haplotypes not yet identified in wild populations. We determined the probable geographical provenance of founders of captive populations by comparison with previous studies; all reported haplotypes from captive ruffed lemurs were identical to or clustered with haplotypes from wild populations located north of the Mangoro River in Madagascar. Effective conservation strategies for wild populations, with potentially unidentified genetic diversity, should still be considered the priority for conserving ruffed lemurs. However, our results illustrate that the captive population in Madagascar has conservation value as a source of potential release stock for reintroduction or reinforcement projects and that cross-regional transfers within the global captive population could increase the genetic diversity and therefore the conservation value of each regional population.