bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Growth Enhancement in Three Arabica Coffee Clones by Frequent Watering in Seedling Stage
Authors: Ismaya Doni Febri , Ikhwan Ali , Indratmi Dian , Pranata Erdiansyah Novie 
Published: April 2023

Coffee cultivation in Indonesia generally only relies on rainfall as a source of water. Drought that occurs in the dry season inhibits growth, reduces yields, and even death of plants. Not all plants are equally resistant to drought conditions. Drought-resistant coffee clones usually develop several resistance mechanisms, including the formation of specific compounds to protect cells and tissues from damage caused by drought stress. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the influence of watering interval on the seedling growth of three clones of Arabica coffee. This study used applying intervals of watering every two, four and six days as first factor and three Arabica coffee clones as second factor, namely Andungsari 2K, S 795, and Andungsari 1. The experimental design used a factorial completely randomized design where every treatment combination had three replications. This study on Arabica coffee nursery lasted for three months. Results obtained in this study demonstrated that combination of watering every four and six days on Andungsari 2K clone had the best values on several observed variables. Number of stomata, leaf thickness, fresh root weight, and root dry weight were larger for watering every six days on the Andungsari 2K clone, meanwhile leaf number, stem diameter, fresh and dry weight of leaves were larger for watering every four days on Andungsari 2K clone. This study showed that there was an interaction between watering intervals and Arabica coffee clones on plant growth. Treatment combination of watering every six and four days on Andungsari 2K clone significantly affect number of stomata, fresh root weight, and root dry weight especially for watering every six days on Andungsari 2K clone.
Sensory Profile on Robusta Coffee by Rate-All-That-Apply (RATA)
Authors: Belgis Maria , Zhafirah Arifin Thalita , Prameswari Dayintaguna , Taruna Iwan , Choiron Miftahul , Witono Yuli , Dwi Masahid Ardiyan 
Published: April 2023

Coffee flavor strongly influences consumers preference. Geographical location is one factor influencing the flavor of Robusta coffee. Descriptive sensory using RATA was used to differentiate the sensory profiles of several Robusta coffees. Sensomic approach by Principal Component Analysis (PCA) success- fully differentiated Robusta coffee from Jember Regency, East Java, Indonesia. It showed that Robusta from different growing locations has specific sensory characteristics. Robusta coffee from Gunung Malang, Tanggul, and Pakis was characterized by sweet and acid aromas, while coffee from Kemiri was characterized by sweet and sour taste, brown color, bitter aroma, and rough mouthfeel. Meanwhile Sidomulyo I and Sidomulyo II coffees, which were grown near each other and at similar altitudes, have similar characteristics, although the process was different. Both coffees have bitter aftertastes and bodies, burnt aromas, astringent flavors, and high levels of bitterness. In contrast, Robusta Rowosari, Tugusari, and Badean were characterized by low sweetness, sourness, bitter aroma, and rough mouthfeel.
Academic Supervision Model Based on Edmodo Application
Authors: Maria Marta Wulan Sukma Dewi  , Yari Dwikurnaningsih  , Marinu Waruwu  
Published: April 2023

The Covid 19 pandemic has had an impact on the implementation of academic supervision. This study aims to develop an online-based academic supervision model. The type of research conducted is research and development (Research and Development). The research subjects were 4 (four) school principals and 17 (seventeen) elementary school teachers. Data collection techniques used were interviews, documentation studies, and questionnaires. Qualitative data were analyzed using the Miles and Huberman model. Quantitative data obtained through a questionnaire. Quantitative data were analyzed by validation tests and limited trials using quantitative descriptive techniques with mean and percentage. The results showed that the MARIA academic supervision model (M - Mapping, A - Arranging the solution, R - Running the observation, I - Identifying the data, A – Acting the follow up) based on the Edmodo application has an impact on improving the performance of school principals and techers in elemantary schools, with the result of limited product trials on school principals at the 88% level and techers at the 86% level with a very valid and feasible category to use. The implications of this research were facilitating the implementation of information technology-based supervision, improving the performance of school principals, increasing teacher competence in carrying out learning, and reducing teacher stress when supervised.
Efek Formulasi Andrometa terhadap Leptocorisa acuta Thunberg
Authors: Sari Dian Ekawati , Fitrianti Fitrianti , Bakhtiar Bakhtiar 
Published: April 2023

Leptocorisa acuta menyerang tanaman padi pada fase generatif dengan cara mengisap bulir hingga menjadi hampa. Serangan L. acuta dapat memengaruhi kualiatas gabah dan beras bahkan dapat menurunkan produksi tanaman padi. Beberapa metode pengendalian telah dilakukan oleh petani, antara lain penggunaan pestisida kimia. Namun demikian, penggunaan pestisida sintetik di kalangan petani cenderung menambah dosis dan frekuensi aplikasi yang lebih banyak. Berdasarkan hal tersebut maka dibutuhkan alternatif pengendalian yang ramah lingkungan untuk pengendalian hama tersebut. Salah satu pengendalian yang ramah lingkungan yaitu pemanfaatan ekstrak tanaman Andropahgus paniculata (sambiloto) dan cendawan entomopatogen Metarhizium anisopliae yang bertujuan agar dapat bereaksi cepat dalam mengendalikan L. acuta. Kedua agen pengendali hama tersebut dibuat dalam satu formulasi yang disebut Andrometa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh formulasi Andrometa terhadap hama L. acuta pada tanaman padi. Penelitian ini terdiri atas lima perlakuan formulasi Andrometa yaitu Formulasi 1 (2 g ekstrak A. paniculata + 5 g biakan massal M. Anisopliae), Formulasi 2 (3 g ekstrak A. paniculata + 7,5 g biakan massal M. Anisopliae), Formulasi 3 (4 g ekstrak A. paniculata + 10 g biakan massal M. Anisopliae), Formulasi 4 (5 g ekstrak A. paniculata + 12,5 g biakan massal M. Anisopliae), dan Formulasi 5 (6 g ekstrak A. paniculata + 15 g biakan massal M. Anisopliae) serta satu perlakuan kontrol. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semua perlakuan dengan formulasi Andrometa efektif dalam membunuh L. acuta dan jumlah hari yang dibutuhkan formulasi dalam mematikan L. acuta yang terbaik didapatkan pada Formulasi 5 yaitu 3 hari setelah aplikasi.
Respons Peningkatan Perkecambahan Benih dan Pertumbuhan Bibit Tanaman Secang (Caesalpinia sappan L.) terhadap Penggunaan Zat Pengatur Tumbuh dan Media Tanam yang Berbeda
Authors: Al Adawiah Alin Robiah , Rosniawaty Santi , Anjarsari Intan Ratna Dewi 
Published: April 2023

Tanaman secang dapat diperbanyak secara generatif dengan melibatkan penggunaan zat pengatur tumbuh (ZPT) untuk memperbaiki perkecambahan dan meningkatkan pertumbuhan kecambah sebelum pembibitan. Sementara itu, media tanam yang tepat dibutuhkan pada saat pembibitan untuk mendukung pertumbuhan bibit yang optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perlakuan perendaman ZPT auksin dan sitokinin serta media tanam yang berbeda dalam meningkatkan persentase perkecambahan benih dan pertumbuhan bibit secang. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan September-Desember 2021 di Kel. Gunung Gede, Kec. Kawalu, Kota Tasikmalaya, Jawa Barat pada ketinggian 317 mdpl. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) faktorial dengan 14 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan yang diuji adalah perendaman benih secang menggunakan larutan ZPT (tanpa perendaman, perendaman dalam aquades, indole-3 acetic acid [IAA] 1,25 ppm, naphthalene-1-acetic acid [NAA] 1,25 ppm, 6-benyl amino purine [BAP] 1,25 ppm, IAA 1,25 ppm + BAP 1,25 ppm, NAA 1,25 ppm + BAP 1,25 ppm) dan jenis media tanam (topsoil, topsoil + pukan sapi 2:1). Hasil penelitian pada fase perkecambahan menunjukkan bahwa IAA + BAP 1,25 ppm mampu memberikan persentase perkecambahan dan kecepatan berkecambah terbaik sebesar 66,5% dan 7,3% KN/etmal. Hasil penelitian fase pembibitan menunjukkan adanya interaksi antara perlakuan perendaman larutan ZPT dengan penggunaan media tanam terhadap jumlah daun dan diameter batang bibit secang pada umur 12 minggu setelah tanam (MST). Perlakuan perendaman NAA 1,25 ppm + BAP 1,25 ppm memberikan hasil terbaik pada jumlah daun umur 6 MST dan diameter batang bibit umur 12 MST. Penggunaan media tanam topsoil mampu meningkatkan hasil jumlah daun dan bobot kering total bibit secang.
Investigation of COVID-19 Impact on Aerosol Optical Depth Over Malaysia and Indonesia
Authors: Amin A.R.M. , Mardiah A. , Adida M. , Munirah M. , Iskandar H. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Lockdown or movement control order (MCO) was implemented all over the world, including Malaysia and Indonesia, during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. During the lockdown period, human activities were restricted. The restriction led to the reduction of human-made particulate matter released to the atmosphere. One of the indicators that could be used to estimate the concentration of particulate matter in the atmosphere is aerosol optical depth (AOD). The aim of this study is to investigate the variation in AOD level over the Malaysia and Indonesia region during this restriction period. This study has utilized monthly and daily Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Terra AOD product that can be accessed through National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)’s Geospatial Interactive Online Visualization and Analysis Infrastructure (GIOVANNI) system. The developed long-term time-averaged map showed a high AOD level over Sumatera and South Kalimantan, with the maximum value being 0.4. The comparison among during, pre- and post-lockdown periods showed a reduction in the AOD level. The maximum AOD level decreased to 0.3 during the lockdown period compared to 0.4 in the pre- (2019) and post-lockdown periods (2021 and 2022). Average monthly time series showed no spike in the AOD level in 2020 and 2021. Hovmöller diagram showed low AOD throughout the latitude and longitude during lockdown compared to the pre- and post-lockdown periods. Analyses of the yearly AOD level showed reduction in the AOD level from +11.31% in 2019 to −18.17% and −18.01% in 2020 and 2021, respectively. The result also showed that the average daily AOD percentage during the lockdown period in 2020 had decreased to −5.34% from −3.18% in 2019 and had increased to +1.26 in 2021.
Does the Ant Functional Group Classification Really Work? A Validation in Two Contrasting Habitats from Central Mexico
Authors: Reyes-Morales Paola Sofia , Lara Carlos , Castillo-Guevara Citlalli , Cuautle Mariana 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAnts have historically been classified into “functional groups” (FGs) to facilitate their interpretation as bioindicators. A particularly popular classification scheme is the one proposed by Andersen, based on the Australian myrmecofauna. These classification criteria suggest that ant abundance is linked to stress and disturbance, such that their affinity to and tolerance of particular conditions enables them to inhabit specific ecological contexts. Herein, we aimed to validate whether the climatic affinity postulated by the FG approximation can suggest FG composition and abundances in Mexican ant communities, such as has been previously evaluated by studies in other regions worldwide. In a protected natural area with a history of anthropogenic pressure, we evaluated the variation in temperature and humidity of two habitat types during consecutive years: a native oak forest and an induced grassland. The ant communities of the two sites were monitored using three collected methods (baits, pitfalls, and direct observations) and classified into FGs under Andersen’s criteria. We found 34 ant species. The induced grassland site (28 species) was more species rich, more diverse, and had higher ant abundance than the oak site (21 species). There was a similarity in species composition between the sites (44.78%). In the oak forest, FGs related to cold temperatures were the most abundant, while in the induced grassland, heat-tolerant FGs were most abundant. Our findings support that Andersen’s functional group classification is useful in suggesting habitat use in Mexican ant species. Likewise, our data are in accordance with previous findings that both the presence and abundance of FGs must be considered for an adequate application of this classification scheme.
Alternative Approach Leading to Reduction in Measurement Instrument Uncertainty of EMI Measurement
Authors: Bittera Mikulas , Hallon Jozef , Szolik Imrich , Hartansky Rene 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Even in the field of electromagnetic compatibility, low measurement uncertainty means high measurement quality. Although there are standardized procedures for obtaining the uncertainty of such a measurement, which facilitate uncertainty estimation, modern approaches show further reduction possibilities. The paper presents an alternative approach to reducing measurement instrument uncertainty in the case of electromagnetic interference measurement based on many years of our experience and a large number of measurements in this field. In the paper, two different methods of uncertainty reduction are described. The first method is based on a detailed analysis of the sources of uncertainty and the subsequent division of the analyzed frequency band into more subranges. Another method uses the choice of the antenna factor, which also contains information about the test site where the measurement is carried out. In this way, despite a lengthy analysis, it is relatively easy to achieve a measurement instrument uncertainty that is below the maximum measurement uncertainty given by the CISPR standard.
Design and Experimental Study of a Probe for Crankshaft Full-automatic Measuring Machine
Authors: Xu Meng-ting , Wang Hong-xi , Wang Ya-xiao , Tian Hui-hui 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The Crankshaft Full-automatic Measuring Machine (CFMM) features high accuracy, high efficiency and complete measurement parameters, and represents the forefront of a geometric crankshaft accuracy measuring instrument. One of its core technologies is the high-precision radial following the crankshaft connecting rod journal measurement. In this paper, an independent probe design scheme combining the flexible dual-complex parallel four-bar guide mechanism and double displacement sensors based on the contact measurement method was proposed. It was suitable for the measurement of precision parts with eccentric characteristics such as crankshaft and camshaft measurement. Taking the spring as the flexible part, the probe prototype’s optimization design, processing and assembly were completed, the test device was built, and the system accuracy was calibrated under various positions and feed quantities of the probe. The results revealed that the expanded measurement uncertainty after double-sensor compensation was enhanced from 1.53 μm in single-sensor measurement to 0.44 μm, satisfying the high-precision requirements of engineering measurement accuracy and reducing the measurement cost.
The Implementation in Sweden of the General Anti-Avoidance Rule of the Anti-Tax Avoidance Directive
Authors: Kleist David 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
According to the Swedish government, the Swedish general anti-avoidance rule that was already in place when the Anti-Tax Avoidance Directive was adopted sufficiently implements the general anti-avoidance rule of the Anti-Tax Avoidance Directive. The implementation strategy chosen raises questions of European Union (EU) law compatibility, as there are clearly differences between them. It also raises questions concerning the extent to which EU law will affect the interpretation of the Swedish general anti-avoidance rule in the future. The purpose of this article is to discuss these questions.
Assessment of waste amounts collected through the public system of waste collection and during clean-up activities in public spaces in Poland
Authors: Waszczyłko-Miłkowska Beata , Szczepański Krystian , Szymanek Anna , Wąsik Cezary 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The aim of our study was to estimate the amount of waste disposed through the public system of waste collection, as well as the amount collected during clean-up activities in public spaces in Poland. This study has been the first of its kind in Poland. We defined terminology for the public system of waste collection and public spaces. Our analyses were for the year 2021 and focused on diverse research areas. The administrative and landscape standard was used as a criterion for the selection of the units tested in field trials, by means of a questionnaire survey. 46 units were purposefully selected, and two series of surveys were carried out with respect to two research areas. During the qualitative assessment of our information sources to assess their suitability for the development of the methodology, it was necessary to apply methodological verifiers relating to mass, persons, area, and statistics. The verifiers took into account all variables influencing the quantities of waste considered in the study. The results obtained showed the lack of separate records in the municipal register for the waste assessed under the study. It was found that nearly 85% of the waste collected in the public systems of waste collection and litter in public spaces were registered as mixed (unsorted) municipal waste (Code 20 03 01) [Regulation... 2020]. It was noted that 20% of municipal waste generated outside households was left behind as litter in public spaces and posed environmental risks. For this reason, among others, it was necessary to estimate the amount of this type of waste.
The Aquatic WATSU® Therapy Program Improves the Quality of Life of an Adult Male with Autism Spectrum Disorder. A Case Report
Authors: Tufekcioglu Ertan , Arslan Duran , Konukman Ferman , Zagorski Tomasz , Batti Turki Al , Filiz Bijen , Sulaimani Mona F. , Keating Ingrid Eichberg , Erzeybek Mustafa Said , Yilmaz Elif Burcu 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The purpose of this single case study was to investigate the effects of the WATSU training program (WTP) on 21 years old male with an Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). This study used a high level of individual and structured interventions to improve the underperforming adaptive functioning areas like social and academic skills in ASD. The individualized intervention of WTP was completed in five days using critical verbal and bodily language, technical demonstration, taking turns, basic skills, and timely feedback in a social and sensory-isolated environment. The results were collected via in-training observation, semi-structured family and athletic trainer interviews to evaluate the participant’s condition before and after the WTP. The structured communication opportunities improved the sense of trust and played a prominent role in the development of the quality of life. The results indicated that WTP reduced repetitive movements, stress reactions, challenging behaviors, and improved communication skills. In addition, changing roles, positions, and transitions in WATSU training increased the participant’s resiliency in his life with more comfort. Finally, tactile-emotional quality afferents, warmth, and buoyancy of the water, altered and enriched proprioceptive and vestibular input, being safely cradled in the arms instructor were likely to be the other factors improving the underperforming areas including communication, repetitive movements, stress reactions and challenging behaviors.
Morphological growth performance and genetic parameters on Korean pine in Northeastern China
Authors: Kaviriri David Kombi , Yang Ling , Zhao Chunli , Pei Xiaona , Fan Zuoyi , Wang Jingyuan , Xu Liang , Tigabu Mulualem , You Xiangling , Li Yuhua , Liu Huan-Zhen , Zhao Xiyang 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis) is an economically valuable species owing to its excellent timber quality and nuts useful for various purposes. But few studies have been made on growth performance, and aspects combining the genetic gain and classification method on phenotypic similarity in the selection process of superior families. Thus, the present study aimed at analyzing the genetic variation and highlight suitable morphological traits for family selection; establishing trait correlations and families’ ordination based on similarities in phenotypic characters, and selecting elite families and suitable parent trees. Full-sib families from 28 crosses established in randomized complete block design from Naozhi orchard in Northeast China were used, and 11 morphological traits were investigated. Significant differences were observed among families for all traits. The traits coefficients of variation ranged from 6.07 to 56.25 % and from 0.029 to 15.213 % in phenotype and genotypic variation, respectively. A moderate level of inherited genetic control was observed (broad sense heritability H2, varied from 0.155 to 0.438). Traits related to stem growth were highly positively correlated to each other whereas crown traits showed a weak correlation with stem traits (Pearson correlation r, ranged from -0.161 to 0.956). Based on multi-trait comprehensive analysis, we selected six elite families and six parents, which resulted in a genetic gain of 5.6 %, 16.9 %, and 36.4 % in tree height, diameter at breast height, and volume, respectively. These results make a theoretical basis for selecting excellent families and establish orchards of Korean pine from improved seeds.
Relay-cropping soybean-maize in saturated soil culture increases efficiency of land use and nitrogen fertilizer
Authors: Suntari  , Ghulamahdi Munif , Maya Melati  
Published: April 2023

Relay-cropping in saturated soil cultivation could increase land efficiency, but its effect on land use and nitrogen fertilizer efficiency is unclear. The research objective was to evaluate the land productivity of the relay-cropping system by calculating the land equivalent ratio (LER) and the effectiveness of nitrogen fertilizer, and by determining the effect of previous soybean biomass. The experiment was arranged in a three-factor randomized complete block design. The first factor was the cropping patterns of soybean and maize, i.e., relay-cropping soybean-maize and maize monoculture. The second factor was the maize varieties, i.e., Pioneer 27 and Sukmaraga. The third factor was the application of N fertilizer with 4 doses: 0, 50, 100, and 150 kg ha-1. The results showed that the application of soybean biomass increased maize yield by 7.24%. Pioneer 27 produced a higher yield than Sukmaraga, and the dose of N fertilizer of 150 kg ha-1 resulted in the highest yield of 7.50 tons ha-1. The highest LER of 2.18% was achieved in the relay-cropping without applying follow-up N fertilizer (control). The experiment concludes relay-cropping after soybean save land by about 118% and save N fertilizer by 33.3%. The reduction of N fertilizer application by 33.3% (100 kg N ha-1) reduced corn cob productivity by 13.3%, and is not significantly different from 150 kg N ha-1.
Keywords: chlorophyll, LER, plant residue