bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Global overview on current paediatric dentistry teaching: A survey of National Member Societies of the IAPD
Authors: Agouropoulos Andreas , Seymen Figen , Kupietzky Ari , Bönecker Marcelo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundPublished information on the teaching and recognition of paediatric dentistry (PD) is limited worldwide.AimThe aim of this study was to investigate the status of current teaching of undergraduate and postgraduate training in PD and identify differences by country‐level economic development.DesignRepresentatives from 80 national member societies of the International Association of Paediatric Dentistry (IAPD) were invited to complete a questionnaire on undergraduate and postgraduate PD curricula, types of postgraduate education offered, and recognition of the specialty. Country economic development level was classified according to the World Bank criteria. The chi‐squared test and the Spearman correlation coefficient were used for data analysis (α = 0.005).ResultsResponse rate was 63%. Teaching of PD at the undergraduate level was present in all countries, but PD specialization, master's, and Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) coursework were offered in 75%, 64%, and 53% of surveyed countries, respectively. Postgraduate specialization courses were offered in a significantly larger proportion of high‐income countries than in upper‐middle‐ or lower‐middle‐income countries (p < .01). In 20% of participating countries, PD was not an officially recognized specialty with no difference in recognition of the specialty by country's economic development level (p = .62).ConclusionPaediatric dentistry is taught at the undergraduate level universally, but at the postgraduate level, significantly fewer courses are available, especially in lower‐income countries.
Assessment of dental caries based on ICDAS and WHO criteria: A comparative study
Authors: Rai Amita , Sundas Sunanda , Dhakal Neha , Khapung Anju 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT/dmft) index recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO), which measures the prevalence of caries based on the presence of cavitated caries lesions, is the most used dental caries index in epidemiological studies. Early diagnosis of noncavitated carious lesions enables preventive measures, which has the potential to prevent dental caries‐related morbidity and reduce the financial burden associated with restorative or rehabilitative dental care. The International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS II) incorporates both the cavitated and noncavitated carious lesions with acceptable reliability.AimTo compare dental caries prevalence based on ICDAS II and WHO criteria.DesignA cross‐sectional study was conducted among 362 children visiting People's Dental College and Hospital, Nayabazar, Kathmandu, Nepal to study dental caries prevalence based on the ICDAS II and WHO criteria.ResultsAmong the study population, 290 (90.34%) and 169 (68.42%) children had dental caries in primary and permanent teeth according to the ICDAS II criteria, whereas according to WHO criteria, 267 (83.18%) and 107 (43.32%) had dental caries in primary and permanent teeth, respectively. The prevalence of dental caries was significantly higher (p < .001) according to ICDAS II criteria than the prevalence based on WHO criteria in both dentitions.ConclusionThis study showed a significant difference in dental caries prevalence between the ICDAS II and WHO methods of caries diagnosis. The presence of noncavitated carious lesions was alarming. To enable detection of early/noncavitated carious lesions, ICDAS II rather than WHO criteria of caries diagnosis may be a more a valuable tool.
Sexuality as an Integral Part of the Church's Being and Mission
Authors: Musskopf André S. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe article draws on the experience of being part of the Reference Group on Human Sexuality and other debates on sexuality in the World Council of Churches to discuss the “Message of the 11th Assembly.” It makes explicit how issues of sexuality have been avoided and how they ground the understanding of theological perspectives and the church's being and mission. Finally, it presents alternatives to reclaim sexuality and make the movement of reconciliation grounded in a transformative and queer spirituality more concrete and truthful to people's lives – a sexy movement.
Caste or Christ?
Authors: Kumar Santosh 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis article offers empirical research using qualitative methodology to identify the presence of the caste system in the Seventh‐day Adventist Church in South Asia. The findings are based on the interviews of ten participants aged 18 to 36 from at least four language groups: Tamil, Telugu, Hindi, and Malayalam. All the participants volunteered to participate in the study. Three among the ten did face‐to‐face interviews, and the remaining seven participants were interviewed online through the Zoom platform. The findings suggest a need to expose and eliminate the discrimination and shame caused by the caste system if the church is to remain faithful to Christ's teaching of equality among the human family.
RETRACTED: Amputation and limb salvage following endovascular and open surgery for the treatment of peripheral artery illnesses: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Wang Guohua , Li Huipeng , Chen Baoxing , Guo Pengwei , Zhang Hua 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA meta‐analysis investigation was executed to measure the outcome of endovascular surgery (ES) and open surgery (OS) for the management of peripheral artery diseases (PADs) on amputation and limb salvage (LS). A comprehensive literature inspection till February 2023 was applied and 3451 interrelated investigations were reviewed. The 31 chosen investigations enclosed 19 948 individuals with PADs were in the chosen investigations' starting point, 8861 of them were utilising ES, and 11 087 were utilising OS. Odds ratio (OR) in addition to 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were utilised to compute the value of the effect of ES and OS for the management of PADs on amputation and LS by the dichotomous approaches and a fixed or random model. ES had significantly lower amputation (OR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.68‐0.93, P = 0.005) compared with those with OS in individuals with PADs. No significant difference was found between ES and OS in 30‐day LS (OR, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.64‐1.42, P = 0.81), 1‐year LS (OR, 1.06; 95% CI, 0.81‐1.39, P = 0.68), and 3‐year LS (OR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.61‐1.19, P = 0.36) in individuals with PADs. ES had significantly lower amputation, 30‐day LS, 1‐year LS, and 3‐year LS compared with those with OS in individuals with PADs. However, care must be exercised when dealing with its values because of the low sample size of some of the nominated investigations for the meta‐analysis.
Manipulating mechanical properties of CaTiO3:Eu3+ flexible fiber membrane by fiber design
Authors: Li Yang , Wang Dehua , Lu Ye , Li Hebin , Liu Yangmo , Li Yuankun , Li Mingxiang , Meng Zifei , Chen Lixiang , Wang Hanbin , Ruan Keqing , Wang Xiaoxiong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFlexible inorganic functional materials have received extensive attention in recent years due to their unique properties and potential application prospects. Among various flexible materials, ceramic fiber membranes have great application prospects due to their functional original structure. Unlike other materials, such as one‐dimensional flexible ice, two‐dimensional BaTiO3, and three‐dimensional α‐Ag2S, ceramic fiber membranes are high‐performance materials with a functional unit structure. In the field of electrospinning, electrospinning technology can effectively control the microstructure of ceramic fibers, allowing for multileveled structure design, such as ordered electrospinning technology and disordered electrospinning technology, which can effectively control the functional primitive structure. However, the mechanical behavior of these structures is still poorly understood. In this groundbreaking study, we investigated the functional original structure of CaTiO3:Eu3+ electrospinning fiber membranes from the bottom‐up and explored the effect of grain diameter ratio on mechanical behavior and studied the effect of Eu3+ ions on the luminescent properties of CaTiO3 functional fiber membranes. By controlling the electrospinning parameters and avoiding inherent mechanical property differences between the microcrystals, we realized the stress concentration design from the perspective of functional element structure. Our results show that the stress concentration design at the bottom of the multileveled structure significantly affects the overall mechanical behavior. This work proposes a new method to control the mechanical properties of inorganic functional ceramic fiber membranes through functional element structure design and provides the first bottom‐ordered regulation method, offering a new dimension for future research in this field.
Synthesis and anti‐parasites efficacy of coumarin derivatives against Dactylogyrus intermedius
Authors: Liu Guang‐Lu , Zhang Hui , Zhu Li‐Li , Liu Xu‐Dong , Liu Yan‐Jie , Chen Ya‐hong , Liu Lei , Hu Yang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDactylogyrus is one of the most common parasitic diseases in fish and causes huge losses to the aquaculture industry. With the advantages of safety, low toxicity and easy degradation, plant‐derived drugs are ideal for the creation of green aquatic ingredients. The use of plant‐derived drugs in aquaculture is limited by their low content and high processing costs, which is a challenge that can be solved by the chemical synthesis of plant‐derived drugs. Eleven new coumarin derivatives were synthesized and assessed for their anthelmintic activity in this study. Among them, the derivative 7‐((1‐tosyl‐1H‐1,2,3‐triazol‐4‐yl)methoxy)‐2H‐chromen‐2‐one (N11) has good anthelmintic activity and its mean anthelmintic efficacy against D. intermedius at a concentration of 10 μM reached 99.84%, which is even better than the anthelmintic activity of the positive control mebendazole. Further studies showed that N11 had concentration values of 3.31 and 1.94 μM for 50% maximal effect (EC50) against D. intermedius at 24 and 48 h, respectively. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy revealed that N11 caused damage to D. intermedius. What is more noteworthy is that a substantial reduction in the ATP content of the parasite was observed following in vitro and in vivo administration of N11. Moreover, it was also found that N11 was able to inhibit the horizontal transmission of D. intermedius. Furthermore, real‐time quantitative PCR analysis was utilized to determine the expression profile of genes associated with anti‐inflammatory cytokines (IL‐10, TGF‐β and IL‐4) in goldfish. In all examined organs, it was observed that the expression of anti‐inflammatory cytokines increased subsequent to treatment with N11, according to the results. Thus, these results all suggest that N11 possesses good anthelmintic activity and is a potentially effective agent for the control of D. intermedius.
Resilience of first‐line nurses during adaptation to theCOVID‐19 pandemic: A grounded theory study
Authors: Khatooni Marzieh , Ghorbani Azam , Momeni Maryam , Ghapanvari Fatemeh 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimNurses are a vital resource in providing care to COVID‐19 patients. During adaptation to the pandemic, the mental health of nurses was disturbed. The present study aimed to explain the resilience development process and adaptive strategies of first‐line nurses during the COVID‐19 pandemic.MethodsThis study was conducted based on the grounded theory qualitative approach. Twenty‐two Iranian first‐line nurses, who were employed in one teaching hospital in Qazvin city, were included via purposive and theoretical sampling. The data were collected through semi‐structured interviews and were analyzed based on the Corbin and Strauss approach 2015.ResultsThe resilience development process of nurses had three stages including initial confrontation with changes, managing conditions and reorganizing, developing resilience. Professional commitment was identified as a core category that affected all stages of resilience development. Negative emotions, nurses' characteristics, and caring challenges were identified as contextual factors which affected the adaptation of nurses to the COVID‐19 pandemic and the development of resilience.ConclusionRegarding the importance of professional commitment in the nurses' resilience development and not leaving the profession in the COVID‐19 pandemic, it is important to emphasize the ethical values and principles of the nursing profession in practice and especially in the education of nursing students. It is necessary to monitor mental health and provide professional psychological counseling by the healthcare systems; also, nursing managers should follow a supportive leadership style and consider first‐line nurses' worries.
Cost‐related avoidance of oral health service utilization among lesbian, gay, and bisexual individuals in Canada
Authors: Gupta Amit , Salway Travis , Jessani Abbas 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectivesThis study estimates the frequency of cost‐related oral health service avoidance (CROHSA) among lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) individuals in Canada relative to heterosexual persons.MethodsHeterosexual and sexual minority individuals in Canada were compared using the national probability‐based Canadian Community Health Survey 2017–2018. Logistic regression was used to quantify associations between LGB status and CROHSA. Mediators were tested following Andersen's behavioral model of health service utilization and included partnership status, oral health status, presence of dental pain, educational attainment, insurance status, smoking status, general health status, and personal income.ResultsFrom our sample of 103,216 individuals, 34.8% of LGB individuals reported avoiding oral health care due to cost compared to 22.7% of heterosexual persons. Disparities were most pronounced among bisexual individuals (odds ratio [OR] 2.29 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.42, 3.49). Disparities persisted despite adjustment for confounding using age, gender/sex, and ethnicity (OR 2.23 95% CI 1.42, 3.49). Disparities were fully mediated by eight hypothesized mediators namely, educational attainment, smoking status, partnership status, income, insurance status, oral health status, and the presence of dental pain (OR 1.69 95% CI 0.94, 3.03). In contrast, lesbian/gay individuals did not have elevated odds of experiencing CROHSA compared to heterosexual individuals (OR 1.27 95% CI 0.84, 1.92).ConclusionCROHSA is elevated for bisexual individuals relative to heterosexual individuals. Targeted interventions should be explored to improve oral healthcare access among this population. Future research should assess the role of minority stress and social safety on oral health inequities among sexual minority groups.
Unexpected discovery of a serpentinite‐hosted chemosynthetic ecosystem on Asùt Tesoru Seamount, Mariana Forearc
Authors: Chen Chong , Watanabe Hiromi Kayama , Sawada Hikaru , Iwamoto Hisanori , Takai Ken 
Published: June 2023

AbstractChemosynthetic ecosystems powered by microbial primary production are rare ‘hot spots’ of biological activity in the deep‐sea characterized by dense aggregations of specially adapted animal species. Among settings where such systems have been found, serpentinite‐hosted seep systems supported by alkaline geofluid are particularly understudied with just a few known sites worldwide. Mariana Forearc hosts the world's only series of active serpentinite mud volcanoes, but seep communities have only been reported from South Chamorro Seamount where large bathymodioline mussels dominate. Here, we report the discovery of a serpentinite‐hosted seep on the conical summit of Asùt Tesoru Seamount, Mariana Forearc. Named the ‘Big Blue Seep’, this field features white, likely carbonate crusts inhabited by animals, under which fluid seepage could be seen. We confirm 16 animal species, including typical seep‐associated fauna such as Desbruyeresia gastropods and Acharax awning‐clams. This is surprising as previous research expeditions did not notice any sign of chemosynthesis‐based ecosystems on this seamount, although the community is indeed difficult to spot due to the lack of large‐bodied epifauna such as mussels. The Big Blue Seep is adjacent to three drill holes made by the International Ocean Discovery Program expedition 366 (Holes U1496A‐C), which may have impact on seepage. Our findings represent the second chemosynthesis‐based ecosystem associated with serpentinite mud volcanism, suggestive of further such communities on other Mariana Forearc mud volcanoes.
Notes on excess entry theorem in a Kantian oligopoly
Authors: Nakamura Yasuhiko 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study revisits the excess entry theorem for quantity and price competition with substitutes and complements in a Kantian oligopoly. In such an oligopoly, we demonstrate that the equilibrium market outcomes are the same between the aforementioned two types of competition regimes with substitutes and complements, and in particular, each firm's equilibrium price and consumer surplus do not depend on the number of firms. Therefore, in quantity and price competition with substitutes and complements in a Kantian oligopoly, the excess entry theorem holds that the number of firms is larger under free entry than under the second‐best social optimality. Finally, in the two types of competition with substitutes and complements, we characterize the ranking orders of the number of firms between free entry and the second‐best social optimality in Kantian and Nashian oligopolies.
Quorum sensing signal synthases enhance Vibrio parahaemolyticus swarming motility
Authors: Liu Fuwen , Wang Fei , Yuan Yixuan , Li Xiaoran , Zhong Xiaojun , Yang Menghua 
Published: June 2023

AbstractVibrio parahaemolyticus is a significant food‐borne pathogen that is found in diverse aquatic habitats. Quorum sensing (QS), a signaling system for cell–cell communication, plays an important role in V. parahaemolyticus persistence. We characterized the function of three V. parahaemolyticus QS signal synthases, CqsAvp, LuxMvp, and LuxSvp, and show that they are essential to activate QS and regulate swarming. We found that CqsAvp, LuxMvp, and LuxSvp activate a QS bioluminescence reporter through OpaR. However, V. parahaemolyticus exhibits swarming defects in the absence of CqsAvp, LuxMvp, and LuxSvp, but not OpaR. The swarming defect of this synthase mutant (termed Δ3AI) was recovered by overexpressing either LuxOvpD47A, a mimic of dephosphorylated LuxOvp mutant, or the scrABC operon. CqsAvp, LuxMvp, and LuxSvp inhibit lateral flagellar (laf) gene expression by inhibiting the phosphorylation of LuxOvp and the expression of scrABC. Phosphorylated LuxOvp enhances laf gene expression in a mechanism that involves modulating c‐di‐GMP levels. However, enhancing swarming requires phosphorylated and dephosphorylated LuxOvp which is regulated by the QS signals that are synthesized by CqsAvp, LuxMvp, and LuxSvp. The data presented here suggest an important strategy of swarming regulation by the integration of QS and c‐di‐GMP signaling pathways in V. parahaemolyticus.
Kidney outcomes and prognostic factors of myeloma associated acute kidney injury in the contemporary era
Authors: Ratnayake Chathri , Gibbs Simon Douglas John , Lee Darren 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMyeloma cast nephropathy (MCN) has historically been associated with poor kidney outcomes. We aimed to evaluate the kidney outcomes and identify prognostic factors of myeloma‐associated acute kidney injury (M‐AKI) in the contemporary era of anti‐plasma cell therapy. Patients who received anti‐myeloma therapy with M‐AKI (January 2012 to June 2020) from a single centre were identified from electronic medical records. Diagnosis of MCN was either biopsy confirmed (BC) or clinically suspected (CS), the latter defined as acute kidney injury with reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <30 mL/min/1.73 m2 and involved serum free light chains (iSFLC) >500 mg/L at diagnosis. Twenty‐six patients with M‐AKI were identified (BC: n = 13, CS: n = 13). Median eGFR at diagnosis was 12 (interquartile range 6–20) mL/min/1.73 m2. All six dialysis‐requiring patients achieved dialysis independence after 71 (43–208) days. The best‐achieved eGFR was 47 (32–67) mL/min/1.73 m2 after 120 (63–167) days post‐treatment, which was maintained at 47 (33–66) mL/min/1.73 m2 12 months post‐treatment. Patients with best‐achieved eGFR above the median were more likely to have achieved an iSFLC of <20 mg/L (above median group 62% versus below median group 0%; p < .001) and lower best post‐treatment iSFLC (20 (12–90) versus 67 (29–146) mg/L; p < .05). Best‐achieved iSFLC was a prognostic factor for superior eGFR following treatment for M‐AKI. Despite low eGFR at diagnosis, contemporary anti‐myeloma therapy can achieve significant recovery of kidney function.
Analysis of genetic diversity and population structure of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici infers inoculum relationships from Yunnan to the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River
Authors: Yan Dongxue , Huang Liang , Xing Yun , Li Hongfu , Xia Chongjing , Wang Aolin , Gao Li , Liu Taiguo , Chen Wanquan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWheat stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), is an important cereal fungal disease worldwide, including in the major wheat‐producing areas in China. In 2019, there was a widespread epidemic of the disease in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River (MLRYR) area, including Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Anhui and Guangxi. However, in north‐western China, the postulated inoculum source of MLRYR, disease occurred mildly. Therefore, the origin of the Pst inoculum source for the MLRYR epidemic is still an open question. To address it, we collected 210 Pst uredinium samples from the Yangtze River basin and analysed their genetic structure with 13 pairs of simple‐sequence repeat (SSR) markers that we coupled with an upper airflow trajectory analysis. Our results suggest that the autumn inoculum sources of wheat stripe rust in MLRYR in 2019 probably came from south‐western over‐summering areas of Pst through long‐distance migration. We also found that Jingzhou and adjacent areas in Hubei Province function as an important bridge or stopover for inoculum sources.
Trends in reported illness due to poultry‐ and nonpoultry associated Salmonella serotypes; United States 1996–2019
Authors: Powell Mark R. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractRetrospective review is a key to designing effective food safety measures. Despite the reported reduction of Salmonella prevalence in poultry products, there has not been a concomitant reduction of the overall incidence of Salmonella illnesses reported to the US Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet) since 1996. However, there have been significant annual trends among Salmonella serotypes. This analysis examines trends in the reported incidence of illness due to poultry‐ and nonpoultry associated Salmonella serotypes. Overall, the findings indicate declining trends in illness due to the poultry‐associated serotypes and increasing trends in illness due to Salmonella serotypes not associated with poultry.
The Iconicity Ring Hypothesis Bridges the Gap Between Symbol Grounding and Linguistic Relativity
Authors: Imai Mutsumi , Akita Kimi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractKemmerer captured the drastic change in theories of word meaning representations, contrasting the view that word meaning representations are amodal and universal, with the view that they are grounded and language‐specific. However, he does not address how language can be simultaneously grounded and language‐specific. Here, we approach this question from the perspective of language acquisition and evolution. We argue that adding a new element—iconicity—is critically beneficial and offer the iconicity ring hypothesis, which explains how language‐specific, secondary iconicity might emerge from biologically grounded and universally shared iconicity in the course of language acquisition and evolution.