bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surveillance Mammography Behaviors in Black and White Breast Cancer Survivors: Behavioral Risk Factors and Surveillance System, 2016
Authors: Edmonds Megan C. , Dahman Bassam , Kim Sunny Jung , McGuire Kandace P. , Sheppard Vanessa B. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Surveillance mammography is recommended annually for early detection of disease relapse among breast cancer survivors; yet Black women have poorer national rates of surveillance mammography compared to White women. Factors that influence racial disparities in surveillance mammography rates are poorly understood. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the contribution of health care access, socioeconomic status, and perceived health status on adherence to surveillance mammography among breast cancer survivors.

Methods
This is a secondary analysis of a cross-sectional survey among Black and White women ≥ 18 years, who reported a breast cancer diagnosis and completed breast surgery and adjuvant treatment from the 2016 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System National Survey (BRFSS). Bivariate associations (chi-squared, t-test) for independent variables (e.g., health insurance, marital status) were analyzed with adherence to nationally recommended surveillance guidelines defined as two levels: adherent (received a mammogram in the last 12 months), vs. non- adherent (“received a mammogram in the last 2–5 years, 5 or more years or unsure). Multivariable logistic regression models were used to evaluate the relationship between study variables with adherence, while adjusting for potential confounders.

Results
Of 963 breast cancer survivors, 91.7% were White women with an average age of 65. 71.7% reported a surveillance mammogram in the last 12 months, while 28.2% did not. Diagnosed > 5 years (p < 0.001); not having a routine checkup visit within 12 months (p = 0.045); and not seeing a doctor when needed due to cost (p = 0.026), were significantly related to survivor’s non-adherence to surveillance mammography guidelines. A significant interaction was found between race and residential area (p < 0.001). Compared to White women, Black women living in metropolitan/suburban residential areas were more likely to receive surveillance guidelines (OR:3.77;95% CI: 1.32–10.81); however Black women living in non-metropolitan areas were less likely to receive a surveillance mammogram compared to White women living in non-metropolitan areas (OR: 0.04; 95% CI: 0.00–0.50).

Conclusion
Findings from our study further explain the impact of socioeconomic disparities on racial differences in the use of surveillance mammography among breast cancer survivors. Black women living in non-metropolitan counties are an important subgroup for future research and screening and navigation interventions.
Endometrioid adenocarcinoma arising in adenomyosis in a patient with pelvic organ prolapse—case report
Authors: Wang Jing , Wang Qingyuan , Wang Wenyan , Yang Jian , Xia Jingxian , Wei Yanan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Adenomyosis is a frequent finding in endometrial carcinoma patients. Endometrioid adenocarcinoma is the most common type of endometrial carcinoma; however, endometrioid adenocarcinoma arising from adenomyosis is extremely rare.

Case presentation
In this case report, we describe a 69-year-old woman who required surgical treatment for pelvic organ prolapse (POP). The patient had been postmenopausal for 20 years and had no abnormal bleeding after menopause. The patient underwent transvaginal hysterectomy, repair of anterior and posterior vaginal walls, ischium fascial fixation and repair of an old perineal laceration. Histological examination of surgical specimens revealed endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the uterus. Bilateral adnexectomy, pelvic lymphadenectomy and para-aortic lymphadenectomy were then performed. The postoperative histopathological diagnosis was stage IB endometrial cancer (endometrioid carcinoma G2).

Conclusions
In summary, endometrioid adenocarcinoma arising from adenomyosis (EC-AIA) is a rare entity and the early diagnosis is difficult. Adequate preoperative assessment and enhanced inquiry of occult clinical symptoms of postmenopausal women before hysterectomy may contribute to the diagnosis of EC-AIA preoperatively.
Medical students’ reflective capacity and its role in their critical thinking disposition
Authors: Khoshgoftar Zohreh , Barkhordari-Sharifabad Maasoumeh 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Developing reflective capacity and critical thinking is one of the prerequisites of education in health professions, especially medicine. This study aimed to determine the reflective capacity of medical students and its role in their critical thinking disposition.

Methods
In this cross-sectional descriptive research, conducted in 2022, a total of 240 medical intern students were selected using the convenient sampling method. Data were collected using a reflective capacity questionnaire and critical thinking disposition questionnaire and analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics using SPSS20.

Results
The mean reflective capacity was 4.53 ± 0.50, and mean critical thinking disposition was 127.52 ± 10.85. Among the dimensions of reflection, “active self-appraisal (SA)” and “reflective with others (RO)” had the highest and lowest means, respectively. The dimensions of critical thinking disposition with the highest and lowest means were related to innovation and intellectual maturity, respectively. Reflective capacity and its dimensions were found to have a direct and statistically significant relationship with critical thinking disposition and its dimensions. Regression analysis results showed that reflective capacity accounts for 28% of students’ critical thinking disposition.

Conclusion
The relationship between students’ reflective capacity and their critical thinking disposition has rendered reflection as one of the necessary components of medical education. Thus, determining the learning activities by considering the reflection process and models will be very effective in creating and strengthening critical thinking disposition.
Getting the pieces to fit: NHS and third sector collaboration to enhance crisis mental health service provision for young people
Authors: Dutton Bobbie , Humphrey Neil , Qualter Pamela 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
The increase in demand for young people’s mental health services has been met by a growth of co-located mental health service provision in the NHS and third sector. This research explores the benefits and challenges of the NHS collaborating with a charity to provide a step-down crisis mental health service for young people in Greater Manchester, and suggests how the collaboration between the NHS and third sector may be improved for future projects.

Methods
Working from a critical realist paradigm, this qualitative case study utilised thematic analysis of 9 in-depth interviews with operational stakeholders from 3 operational layers, to explore insiders’ perspectives of the benefits and challenges of collaboration between the NHS and third sector in the context of the ‘Safe Zones’ initiative.

Results
Themes relating to perceived benefits of collaboration were: doing things differently, flexibility, a hybrid approach, shared expertise, and shared learning. These were counterbalanced by perceived challenges: getting the pieces to fit, obtaining a shared vision, geography, lack of referrals, and timing. The importance of effective communication (e.g. of shared vision, standard operating procedures, key performance indicators) was noted as central to addressing challenges and reaping benefits.

Conclusions
NHS and third sector collaboration can yield a range of benefits, some of which can mitigate against the perceived inflexibility and restrictive nature of usual mental health service provision, thereby providing a vehicle for innovation in step-down crisis care for young people.
Policy actors’ perceptions of public participation to tackle health inequalities in Scotland: a paradox?
Authors: McHugh Neil , Baker Rachel , Bambra Clare 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Health inequalities are persistent and widening with transformative policy change needed. Radically shifting policy to tackle upstream causes of inequalities is likely to require public participation to provide a mandate, evidence and to address questions of co-design, implementation and acceptability. The aim of this paper is to explore perceptions among policy actors on why and how the public should be involved in policymaking for health inequalities.

Methods
In 2019–2020, we conducted exploratory, in-depth, semi-structured interviews with 21 Scottish policy actors from a range of public sector bodies and agencies and third sector organisations that work in, or across, health and non-health sectors. Data were analysed thematically and used to examine implications for the development of participatory policymaking.

Results
Policy actors viewed public participation in policymaking as intrinsically valuable for democratic reasons, but the main, and more challenging, concern was with how it could affect positive policy change. Participation was seen as instrumental in two overlapping ways: as evidence to improve policies to tackle health inequalities and to achieve public acceptance for implementing more transformative policies. However, our analysis suggests a paradox: whilst policy actors place importance on the instrumental value of public participation, they simultaneously believe the public hold views about health inequalities that would prevent transformative change. Finally, despite broad agreement on the need to improve public participation in policy development, policy actors were uncertain about how to make the necessary changes due to conceptual, methodological and practical challenges.

Conclusions
Policy actors believe in the importance of public participation in policy to address health inequalities for intrinsic and instrumental reasons. Yet, there is an evident tension between seeing public participation as a route to upstream policies and a belief that public views might be misinformed, individualistic, short-term or self-interested and doubts about how to make public participation meaningful. We lack good insight into what the public think about policy solutions to health inequalities. We propose that research needs to shift from describing the problem to focusing more on potential solutions and outline a potential way forward to undertake effective public participation to tackle health inequalities.
Switched hyperbolic balance laws and differential algebraic equations
Authors: Borsche Raul , Garavello Mauro , Kocoglu Damla 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMotivated by several applications, we investigate the well-posedness of a switched system composed by a system of linear hyperbolic balance laws and by a system of linear algebraic differential equations. This setting includes networks and looped systems of hyperbolic balance laws. The obtained results are globally in time, provided that the inputs have finite (but not necessarily small) total variation.
Trust and Regulation: Assuring Scientific Independence in the FDA's Emergency Use Authorization Process
Authors: Patel Neeraj G. , Kesselheim Aaron S. , Darrow Jonathan J. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Since 2004, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has had the authority to allow access to unapproved medical products via the Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) pathway during times of emergency. It was rarely used until the COVID-19 pandemic, when concerns arose regarding the role of political pressure in the FDA's issuance of some EUAs, such as for hydroxychloroquine. Although US government officials should be responsive to the public, democratic accountability must be balanced against the need for thoughtful science-based decision-making. Inadequate agency independence can diminish public confidence in government leaders and the FDA. To consider whether reform of the EUA process might be appropriate, we considered three possible sources of inspiration for balancing independence and accountability in government scientific decision-making: models in other countries, models in other US agencies, and models within the FDA itself. Strategies used in these settings include: (1) expanding the role of advisory committees, (2) increasing transparency of the agency's decision-making process and supporting rationale, and (3) improving management of internal agency disagreement. Such reforms could improve public trust in public health regulation both related to and separate from future emergencies.
On the Importance and Intrinsic Difficulties of Incorporating Health Insurance Benefits in Absolute Poverty Trends
Authors: Remler Dahlia K. , Korenman Sanders 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Context: US government poverty measures do not include health insurance in the threshold or health insurance benefits in resources. Yet the 2019 Economic Report of the President presented long-term trends using the full-income poverty measure (FPM), which includes health insurance benefits as resources. A 2021 technical advisory report recommended statistical agencies produce absolute poverty trends with and without health insurance.
Methods: The authors analyzed the conceptual validity and relevance of long-term absolute poverty trends incorporating health insurance benefits. They estimated the extent to which the FPM credits health insurance benefits with meeting nonhealth needs.
Findings: In FPM estimates, health insurance benefits alone remove many households from poverty. Long-term absolute poverty trends incorporating health insurance benefits have intrinsic difficulties, because health insurance benefits are in-kind, mostly nonfungible, and large, and because health care undergoes substantial technological change—features that interact to undermine validity. Valid poverty measures with health insurance benefits require resources and thresholds consistent at each point in time, while absolute poverty measures require thresholds constant in real terms over time. These goals conflict.
Conclusions: Statistical agencies should not produce absolute poverty trends incorporating health insurance benefits. Instead, they should focus on less-absolute poverty measures with health insurance benefits.
Determinants of immunization status among 12–24 months old children in Ethiopia: Using 2019 Ethiopian mini demographic and health survey data
Authors: Metkie Kassahun Animut , Melese Getasew Berhanu , W/silassie Behailu Dessalegn , Ali Fatuma Ebrahim 
Published: March 2023

Background
Vaccination is a global success story, one of the most effective and successful health interventions for health and development, saving the lives of millions of children every year. In 2018, nearly 870,000 Ethiopian children did not receive the life-saving measles, diphtheria, and tetanus vaccines. This study aimed to determine what factors influence children’s immunization status in Ethiopia.

Methods
Immunization status was examined in a sample of 1843 children aged 12–24 months using data from the 2019 Ethiopian Mini Demographic and Health Survey 2019. The study used percentages to show the prevalence of immunization status among children. The marginal likelihood effect was used to determine the impact of each category of the explanatory variable on one response category of immunization status. Ordinal logistic regression models were constructed, and the best-fitting model was selected to identify significant immunization status variables.

Results
The immunization prevalence among children was 72.2% (34.2% fully immunized and 38.0% partially immunized), while about 27.8% of children were non-immunized. The fitted partial proportional odds model revealed that child immunization status was significantly associated with region afar (OR = 7.90; CI: 4.78–11.92), family planning use (OR = 0.69; CI: 0.54–0.88), residence (OR = 2.22;CI: 1.60–3.09), antenatal visit (OR = 0.73;CI: 0.53–0.99), and delivery place (OR = 0.65;CI: 0.50–0.84).

Conclusions
Vaccinating children was a significant step forward in improving and protecting child health in Ethiopia, as the proportion of non-immunized children was about 27.8%. The study showed that the prevalence of non-immunization status among rural children was 33.6% and about 36.6% among children from non-educated mothers. As a result, it is agreeable that treatments are better to focus on targeting essential childhood vaccinations by promoting maternal education about family planning, antenatal visits, and maternal access to health care.
Clinical Presentation of Alpha-Gal Syndrome in Pediatric Gastroenterology and Response to Mammalian Dietary Elimination
Authors: Busing Jordan D. , Stone Cosby A. , Nicholson Maribeth R. 
Published: March 2023

INTRODUCTION:
Alpha-gal syndrome is an immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated delayed hypersensitivity reaction to nonprimate mammalian products, which has a newly established gastrointestinal (GI) phenotype in adults. We assessed the GI presentation and treatment response in children.

METHODS:
This is a retrospective study of patients presenting in a pediatric gastroenterology clinic tested for alpha-gal IgE.

RESULTS:
Forty of 199 patients (20%) tested had a positive alpha-gal-specific IgE, with 77.5% reporting GI symptoms in isolation. Of the 30 that attempted dietary elimination, 8 (27%) experienced full resolution of symptoms.

DISCUSSION:
Alpha-gal syndrome can present with isolated GI symptoms in children.
Strong convergence of the thresholding scheme for the mean curvature flow of mean convex sets
Authors: Fuchs Jakob , Laux Tim 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this work, we analyze Merriman, Bence and Osher’s thresholding scheme, a time discretization for mean curvature flow. We restrict to the two-phase setting and mean convex initial conditions. In the sense of the minimizing movements interpretation of Esedoğlu and Otto, we show the time-integrated energy of the approximation to converge to the time-integrated energy of the limit. As a corollary, the conditional convergence results of Otto and one of the authors become unconditional in the two-phase mean convex case. Our results are general enough to handle the extension of the scheme to anisotropic flows for which a non-negative kernel can be chosen.
Scattering properties of Sturm-Liouville equations with sign-alternating weight and transmission condition at turning point
Authors: Çoşkun Nimet , Görgülü Merve 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In this article, we focus on the scattering analysis of Sturm-Liouville type singular operator including an impulsive condition and turning point. In the classical literature, there are plenty of papers considering the positive values of the weight function in both continuous and discontinuous cases. However, this article differs from the others in terms of the impulsive condition appearing at the turning point. We generate the scattering function, resolvent operator, and discrete spectrum of the operator using the hyperbolic representations of the fundamental solutions. Finally, we create an example to show the article’s primary conclusions.
Existence and Finite-Time Stability Results for Impulsive Caputo-Type Fractional Stochastic Differential Equations with Time Delays
Authors: Tian Mengquan , Luo Danfeng 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
This paper mainly discusses the existence and finite-time stability of solutions for impulsive fractional stochastic differential equations (IFSDEs). By applying the Picard-Lindelöf iteration method of successive approximation scheme, we establish the existence results of solutions. Subsequently, the uniqueness of solution is derived by the method of contradiction. In addition, we investigate the finite-time stability by means of the generalized Grönwall-Bellman inequality. As an application, examples are provided to expound our theoretical conclusions.
Properties of paper coated withPrunus serotina(Ehrh.) extract formulation
Authors: Brózdowski Jakub , Grkman Janja Juhant , Kapun Tea , Waliszewska Bogusława 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBarrier properties are very important in food packaging; the better the properties, the longer the product can stay fresh in the packaging, which prolongs the shelf life of the product. One way of improving barrier properties is to modifying the existing coatings with the addition of metal oxides, nanoparticles, or natural extracts. The aim of the study was to compare the barrier properties between paper coated with starch and paper coated with starch and black cherry extract mix.Prunus serotinaextracts were prepared by ultrasonic extraction in 60°C water. The extracts were then filtrated and evaporated to obtain a constant mass. The reference coatings were prepared by dissolving starch in hot water to obtain a solution of 30%. The experimental coatings were prepared by substituting 10% starch for black cherry extract. Coatings were applied on the paper by laboratory coater in two thicknesses: c.a. 7 and 15 g/m2. The papers were characterised by grammage, coating weight, porosity, and roughness. Barrier properties were tested by following methods: Cobb-Unger, KIT, water vapour transmission rate, and heptane vapour transmission rate. Papers coated with formulations including extract had better barrier properties against oils and waxes, better results in KIT, Cobb-Unger, and heptane vapour transmission rate tests. The results of the water vapour transmission rate test as well as porosity and roughness were the same for papers coated with and without extract addition, they were influenced by the thickness of the coating, not the extract addition. The addition of black cherry extract influenced the barrier properties of the coated paper, and the extract improved the properties against oils and waxes.
Wiedza naukowa w dociekaniach badawczych Floriana Znanieckiego
Authors: Zemło Mariusz 
Published: March 2023

Celem tekstu jest pokazanie wkładu Floriana Znanieckiego w zgłębianie wiedzy naukowej. Uczony poświęcił wiele miejsca na roztrząsanie licznych aspektów z tą wiedzą związanych. Nie były one jednak przez niego opracowane i przedstawione w zwartej formie, ani realizowane zgodnie z konkretnym programem badawczym. Rozproszone są po wielu publikacjach, pisanych w różnym czasie i podejmowanych z różnych pobudek. Należało je wydobyć z jego bogatej twórczości i przedłożyć w miarę spójnej postaci. Do tego posłużył schemat zaczerpnięty z propozycji Marii i Stanisława Ossowskich, mający w zamyśle autorów spinać wątki, którymi miałaby się zająć nauka o nauce. Po lekkiej modyfikacji składa się z następujących działów: rozważania nad socjologią wiedzy naukowej ściśle powiązane z filozofią nauki, socjologiczna nauka o wiedzy jako jednym z wielu działów kultury, wiedza naukowa w kontekście życia zbiorowego, zagadnienia o charakterze instytucjonalno-organizacyjnym związane z wiedzą naukową, historyczne analizy odnoszące się do wiedzy naukowej.
La reforma del sistema financiero peruano, 1990-1995
Authors: Rojas Jorge 
Published: March 2023

El presente trabajo es la primera parte de una investigación sobre la reforma del sistema financiero peruano y busca, básicamente, hacer una descripción del proceso de reforma en sí, mientras que la segunda parte, aún en elaboración, tratará de evaluar los resultados de la reforma, haciendo uso extenso de estadísticas financieras que en esta primera parte no se trabajan. Lo que buscamos, entonces, es poder dar una idea clara de los cambios en las reglas de juego producidos por la reforma y de cómo se pasó del antiguo sistema financiero al nuevo -qué instituciones y qué instrumentos financieros se crearon y cuáles se eliminaron - lo cual es una cuestión previa a cualquier evaluación del nuevo sistema financiero emergente que luego podamos hacer.