bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electronic Structure of Colloidal 2H‐MoS2 Mono and Bilayers Determined by Spectroelectrochemistry
Authors: Wurst Kai M. , Strolka Onno , Hiller Jonas , Keck Jakob , Meixner Alfred J. , Lauth Jannika , Scheele Marcus 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe electronic structure of mono and bilayers of colloidal 2H‐MoS2 nanosheets synthesized by wet‐chemistry using potential‐modulated absorption spectroscopy (EMAS), differential pulse voltammetry, and electrochemical gating measurements is investigated. The energetic positions of the conduction and valence band edges of the direct and indirect bandgap are reported and observe strong bandgap renormalization effects, charge screening of the exciton, as well as intrinsic n‐doping of the as‐synthesized material. Two distinct transitions in the spectral regime associated with the C exciton are found, which overlap into a broad signal upon filling the conduction band. In contrast to oxidation, the reduction of the nanosheets is largely reversible, enabling potential applications for reductive electrocatalysis. This work demonstrates that EMAS is a highly sensitive tool for determining the electronic structure of thin films with a few nanometer thicknesses and that colloidal chemistry affords high‐quality transition metal dichalcogenide nanosheets with an electronic structure comparable to that of exfoliated samples.
Liquid Crystals as Multifunctional Interfaces for Trapping and Characterizing Colloidal Microplastics
Authors: Mukherjee Fiona , Shi Anye , Wang Xin , You Fengqi , Abbott Nicholas L. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIdentifying and removing microplastics (MPs) from the environment is a global challenge. This study explores how the colloidal fraction of MPs assemble into distinct 2D patterns at aqueous interfaces of liquid crystal (LC) films with the goal of developing surface‐sensitive methods for identifying MPs. Polyethylene (PE) and polystyrene (PS) microparticles are measured to exhibit distinct aggregation patterns, with addition of anionic surfactant amplifying differences in PS/PE aggregation patterns: PS changes from a linear chain‐like morphology to a singly dispersed state with increasing surfactant concentration whereas PE forms dense clusters at all surfactant concentrations. Statistical analysis of assembly patterns using deep learning image recognition models yields accurate classification, with feature importance analysis confirming that dense, multibranched assemblies are unique features of PE relative to PS. Microscopic characterization of LC ordering at the microparticle surfaces leads to predict LC‐mediated interactions (due to elastic strain) with a dipolar symmetry, a prediction consistent with the interfacial organization of PS but not PE. Further analysis leads to conclude that PE microparticles, due to their polycrystalline nature, possess rough surfaces that lead to weak LC elastic interactions and enhanced capillary forces. Overall, the results highlight the potential utility of LC interfaces for rapid identification of colloidal MPs based on their surface properties.
Electrolysis Synthesis of Carbides and Carbon Dioxide Capture in Molten Salts
Authors: Ren Yiwen , Li Shaolong , Lv Zepeng , Fan Yong , He Jilin , Song Jianxun 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe application of carbides in catalysis, batteries, aerospace fields, etc. has been continuously expanded and deepened, which is attributed to the diversified physicochemical properties of carbides via a tune‐up of their morphology, composition, and microstructure. The emergence of MAX phases and high entropy carbides with unparalleled application potential undoubtedly further stimulates the research upsurge of carbides. The traditional pyrometallurgical or hydrometallurgical synthesis of carbides inevitably faces the shortcomings of complex process, unacceptable energy consumption, extreme environmental pollution, and beyond. The molten salt electrolysis synthesis method with the superiorities of straightforward route, high efficiency, and environmental friendliness has demonstrated its validity in the synthesis of various carbides, which naturally initiates more research. In particular, the process can achieve CO2 capture while synthesizing carbides based on the excellent CO2 capture capability of some molten salts, which is of great significance for carbon neutralization. In this paper, the synthesis mechanism of carbide by molten salt electrolysis, the process of CO2 capture and carbides conversion, the latest research progress in the synthesis of binary, ternary, multi‐component, and composite carbides are reviewed. Finally, the challenges, development perspectives, and research directions of electrolysis synthesis of carbides in molten salts are featured.
The Inducement and “Rejuvenation” of Li Dendrites by Space Confinement and Positive Fe/Co‐Sites
Authors: Liu Ziqin , Dong Xin , Wen Jing , Hu Pu , Shang Chaoqun 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe high reactivity of Li metal and the inhomogeneous Li deposition leads to the formation of Li dendrites and “dead” Li, which impedes the performance of Li metal batteries (LMBs) with high energy density. The regulating and guiding the Li dendrite nucleation is a desirable tactic to realize concentrated distribution of Li dendrites instead of completely inhibiting dendrite formation. Here, a Fe‐Co‐based Prussian blue analog with hollow and open framework (H‐PBA) is employed to modify the commercial polypropylene separator (PP@H‐PBA). This functional PP@H‐PBA can guide the lithium dendrite growth to form uniform lithium deposition and activate the inactive Li. In details, the H‐PBA with macroporous structure and open framework can induce the growth of lithium dendrites via space confinement, while the positive Fe/Co‐sites lowered by polar cyanide (−CN) of PBA can reactivate the inactive Li. Thus, the Li|PP@H‐PBA|Li symmetric cells exhibit long‐term stability at 1 mA cm−2 for 1 mAh cm−2 over 500 h. And the Li‐S batteries with PP@H‐PBA deliver favorable cycling performance at 500 mA g−1 for 200 cycles.
The accuracy of ultrasound compared to magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of deep infiltrating endometriosis: A narrative review
Authors: Hansen Taylor , Hanchard Tracey , Alphonse Jennifer 
Published: March 2023

AbstractEndometriosis is defined as the presence of endometrium‐like epithelial cells and/or stroma located outside the uterus, generally with associated inflammatory response. Commonly located on the ovaries and peritoneum, endometriosis can also infiltrate the retroperitoneal space and pelvic organs, known as deep endometriosis (DE). This narrative review aims to compare the accuracy of transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for detecting deep endometriosis. A literature search was performed mid‐2021 and again in December 2022 using PubMed, SAGE and Wiley databases, and limited to studies published between 2011 and 2021. Key words deep infiltrating endometriosis, transvaginal ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging and diagnostic accuracy identified 16 studies which addressed the aim. The authenticity and reliability were determined by the Standards for Reporting of Diagnostic Accuracy. When the studies were analysed, the diagnosis of DE mean sensitivity values ranged from 40% to 100% for TVUS and 50% to 100% for MRI. Mean specificity values ranged from 81.5% to 99.9% and 84.4% to 97.5%, respectively. This indicates that both MRI and TVUS have similarly accurate performance in the detection of DE. Endometriosis detection is possible with TVUS and MRI, however accuracy is dependent on the location and severity as well as limitations due to operator and image interpretation reliability. In the presence of a correctly performed dynamic TVUS examination for the diagnosis of DE, MRI adds little diagnostic value. Further research is recommended using a standardised protocol in a wider study of affected patients, including accurate clinical assessments for each location of endometriosis to inform the choice of imaging for that region.
Container‐based data‐intensive application scheduling in hybrid cloud‐edge collaborative environment
Authors: Tang Bing , Luo Jincheng , Zhang Jiaming 
Published: March 2023

AbstractContainer virtualization technology represented by Docker has been widely used in the industry due to its advantages of lightweight, fast deployment, and easy portability. It can bring convenience to system deployment, operation, and maintenance. This article considers the implementation of AI‐based IoT applications based on Docker and container technology in a cloud‐edge collaborative environment. Three typical data‐intensive applications, preprocessing, training, and inference in machine learning, are deployed using Docker containers. For these three types of tasks, this article proposes a container‐based data‐intensive application scheduling framework. Using an attribute‐based data‐driven method, a new scheduling approach considering multiple weighting factors is proposed, which is called DICS‐OPT. The cloud nodes and edge nodes are scored and sorted uniformly. The container is scheduled to the node with the highest score, and then the task data is transmitted to the node to execute the task. NSGA‐III‐based genetic algorithm has been proposed to search for the optimal weighting factors. This article introduces the implementation of the prototype system and builds a cloud‐edge collaborative testbed consisting of Raspberry Pis and PCs. The performance evaluation results indicates that the proposed scheduling approach outperforms existing approaches. Compared with existing approaches, DICS‐OPT improves the average edge resource utilization by 10.05% to 69.04%, and saves the cloud resource cost by 16.02% to 36.68%.
Di(2‐ethylhexyl) phthalate and microplastics cause necroptosis and apoptosis in hepatocytes of mice by inducing oxidative stress
Authors: Chen Lu , Qi Meng , Zhang Linlin , Yu Fuchang , Tao Dayong , Xu Chunyan , Xu Shiwen 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDi(2‐ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is a plasticizer and an endocrine disruptor. Microplastics (MPs) are pathogenic small plastic particles and abundant in the aqueous environment. The problem of residual hazards of plastic products is worthy of study, especially the joint exposure of a variety of plastic‐related products to the toxic effect. We used 200 mg/kg DEHP and 10 mg/L MPs to establish exposure model in vivo and 2 mM DEHP and 200 μg/L MPs to establish AML12 cell exposure model in vitro. In vivo study results showed that compared with the control group (NC) group, DEHP and MPs significantly increased the contents of malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide, and significantly decreased the contents of glutathione and the activity of superoxide dismutase, total antioxidant capacity, catalase and glutathione peroxidase. The level of oxidative stress was further aggravated after combined exposure. The reactive oxygen species level of AML12 exposed to DEHP and MPs in vitro was significantly higher than NC group, and the combined exposure was significantly higher than the single exposure. The in vivo and in vitro also confirmed that DEHP and MPs could significantly increase the mRNA and protein levels of apoptosis markers and necroptosis markers and there was an additive effect. After N‐acetylcysteine treatment in vitro, the above‐mentioned oxidative stress level and cell damage decreased significantly. This study provided a reference for advocating the reduction of the mixed use of plastic products, and provided a basis for preventing the harm of plastic products residues.
Current technical advancements in plant epitranscriptomic studies
Authors: Xie Yichun , Chan Long‐Yiu , Cheung Ming‐Yan , Li Man‐Wah , Lam Hon‐Ming 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe growth and development of plants are the result of the interplay between the internal developmental programming and plant–environment interactions. Gene expression regulations in plants are made up of multi‐level networks. In the past few years, many studies were carried out on co‐ and post‐transcriptional RNA modifications, which, together with the RNA community, are collectively known as the “epitranscriptome.” The epitranscriptomic machineries were identified and their functional impacts characterized in a broad range of physiological processes in diverse plant species. There is mounting evidence to suggest that the epitranscriptome provides an additional layer in the gene regulatory network for plant development and stress responses. In the present review, we summarized the epitranscriptomic modifications found so far in plants, including chemical modifications, RNA editing, and transcript isoforms. The various approaches to RNA modification detection were described, with special emphasis on the recent development and application potential of third‐generation sequencing. The roles of epitranscriptomic changes in gene regulation during plant–environment interactions were discussed in case studies. This review aims to highlight the importance of epitranscriptomics in the study of gene regulatory networks in plants and to encourage multi‐omics investigations using the recent technical advancements.
Non‐destructive and contactless defect detection inside leading edge coatings for wind turbine blades using mid‐infrared optical coherence tomography
Authors: Petersen Christian Rosenberg , Fæster Søren , Bech Jakob Ilsted , Jespersen Kristine Munk , Israelsen Niels Møller , Bang Ole 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLeading edge erosion of wind turbine blades is one of the most critical issues in wind energy production, resulting in lower efficiency, as well as increased maintenance costs and downtime. Erosion is initiated by impacts from rain droplets and other atmospheric particles, so to protect the blades, special protective coatings are applied to increase their lifetime without adding significantly to the weight or friction of the blade. These coatings should ideally absorb and distribute the force away from the point of impact; however, microscopic defects, such as bubbles, reduce the mechanical performance of the coating, leading to cracks and eventually erosion. In this work, mid‐infrared (MIR) Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is investigated for non‐destructive, contactless inspection of coated glass‐fiber composite samples to identify subsurface coating defects. The samples were tested using rubber projectiles to simulate rain droplet and particle impacts. The samples were subsequently imaged using OCT, optical microscopy, and X‐ray tomography. OCT scanning revealed both bubbles and cracks below the surface, which would not have been detected using ultrasonic or similar non‐destructive methods. In this way, OCT can complement the existing quality control in turbine blade manufacturing, help improve the blade lifetime, and reduce the environmental impact from erosion.
Male Experience(s)
Authors: Vermeulen Joeri , Luts Evelien , Fobelets Maaike 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn the Western World, the man’s role in pregnancy has long appeared somewhat limited. After the joint activity of creating the pregnancy, the man barely got attention till the birth, and even then, he was often portrayed as nervously smoking in the waiting room. Nowadays, that has become very different in some parts of the world, where men participate in birth, antenatal classes, and parenting courses. This chapter addresses the male partner’s reality, going beyond only his role during the birth or as a father-to-be. It will also look into the psychological and existential changes he faces throughout pregnancy, childbirth, and postpartum and discuss the physical (and even hormonal) changes that can happen to him and affect his sexuality. It also elaborates on the man’s sexual life during and after this life-changing experience. One reason to pay good attention to this area is that postpartum, the difference between the man’s and the woman’s sexuality can become a hot topic and even a severe couple problem.The other reason to address this area is that, in many places, midwifery is a nearly complete female profession that hence almost exclusively deals with women’s issues. However, for good, family-focused care, the midwife needs some understanding of the ‘male perspective’, as addressed in this chapter.This chapter is part of ‘Midwifery and Sexuality’, a Springer Nature open-access textbook for midwives and related healthcare professionals.
Relevant Aspects of Female Genital Mutilation
Authors: Abdulrehman Suaad 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis chapter deals with FGM, female genital mutilation, also named female genital cutting or female circumcision. Though mainly practised in African and Middle East countries, it is still the reality for many women and girls who migrated from those countries to Europe and other parts of the world. In 2022, UNICEF estimated that, globally, at least 200 million women and girls had undergone this procedure.The physical damage and consequences of FGM depend on the extent of the procedure and the medical and hygienic conditions during the event. Circumcised women deserve proper care regarding their medical and obstetrical side effects. This chapter will address some of the expected urological, gynaecological, and obstetrical consequences for the midwife who meets women with FGM throughout pregnancy, childbirth, and postpartum. On the other hand, this chapter will address various aspects of FGM’s psychological, sexual, and social impact on the woman and the couple.It can be confusing for the midwife who doesn’t work (or doesn’t yet work) in a multicultural setting when confronted with women after FGM. So the chapter will elaborate on ‘How to approach the woman after FGM in a respectful and caring manner?’This chapter is part of ‘Midwifery and Sexuality’, a Springer Nature open-access textbook for midwives and related healthcare professionals.
How Sexual Problems are Managed (by Other Professionals)
Authors: Pascoal Patrícia M. , Raposo Catarina F. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis chapter will address how sexology or sexual medicine professionals deal with sexual problems. There are some essential characteristics of sex therapy that are still commonly used in most clinical interventions aimed at solving sexual problems, and some new elements have been incorporated into traditional sex therapy in the last decades. This chapter will describe these elements to clarify what is going on in the sexologist’s consultation room so that the midwife can explain what the woman or the people she is closely involved with can expect when referred there. Based on a very brief case history, the chapter will introduce the essential steps of a possible sex therapy treatment program.This chapter is part of ‘Midwifery and Sexuality’, a Springer Nature open-access textbook for midwives and related healthcare professionals.
A phase IV study evaluating QT interval, pharmacokinetics, and safety following fractionated dosing of gemtuzumab ozogamicin in patients with relapsed/refractory CD33-positive acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Montesinos Pau , Kota Vamsi , Brandwein Joseph , Bousset Pierre , Benner Rebecca J. , Vandendries Erik , Chen Ying , McMullin Mary Frances 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Gemtuzumab ozogamicin (GO) is indicated for treatment of relapsed/refractory (R/R) acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The QT interval, pharmacokinetics (PK), and immunogenicity following the fractionated GO dosing regimen have not been previously assessed. This phase IV study was designed to obtain this information in patients with R/R AML.

Methods
Patients aged ≥ 18 years with R/R AML received the fractionated dosing regimen of GO 3 mg/m2 on Days 1, 4, and 7 of each cycle, up to 2 cycles. The primary endpoint was mean change from baseline in QT interval corrected for heart rate (QTc).

Results
Fifty patients received ≥ 1 dose of GO during Cycle 1. The upper limit of the 2-sided 90% confidence interval for least squares mean differences in QTc using Fridericia’s formula (QTcF) was < 10 ms for all time points during Cycle 1. No patients had a post-baseline QTcF > 480 ms or a change from baseline > 60 ms. Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) occurred in 98% of patients; 54% were grade 3–4. The most common grade 3–4 TEAEs were febrile neutropenia (36%) and thrombocytopenia (18%). The PK profiles of both conjugated and unconjugated calicheamicin mirror that of total hP67.6 antibody. The incidence of antidrug antibodies (ADAs) and neutralizing antibodies was 12% and 2%, respectively.

Conclusion
Fractionated GO dosing regimen (3 mg/m2/dose) is not predicted to pose a clinically significant safety risk for QT interval prolongation in patients with R/R AML. TEAEs are consistent with GO’s known safety profile, and ADA presence appears unassociated with potential safety issues.

Trial registry
Clinicaltrials.gov ID: NCT03727750 (November 1, 2018).
Sparse and smooth functional data clustering
Authors: Centofanti Fabio , Lepore Antonio , Palumbo Biagio 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA new model-based procedure is developed for sparse clustering of functional data that aims to classify a sample of curves into homogeneous groups while jointly detecting the most informative portions of the domain. The proposed method is referred to as sparse and smooth functional clustering (SaS-Funclust) and relies on a general functional Gaussian mixture model whose parameters are estimated by maximizing a log-likelihood function penalized with a functional adaptive pairwise fusion penalty and a roughness penalty. The former allows identifying the noninformative portion of the domain by shrinking the means of separated clusters to some common values, whereas the latter improves the interpretability by imposing some degree of smoothing to the estimated cluster means. The model is estimated via an expectation-conditional maximization algorithm paired with a cross-validation procedure. Through a Monte Carlo simulation study, the SaS-Funclust method is shown to outperform other methods that already appeared in the literature, both in terms of clustering performance and interpretability. Finally, three real-data examples are presented to demonstrate the favourable performance of the proposed method. The SaS-Funclust method is implemented in the package , available on CRAN.
Redefinition of dementia care in Italy in the era of amyloid-lowering agents for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease: an expert opinion and practical guideline
Authors: Filippi Massimo , Cecchetti Giordano , Cagnin Annachiara , Marra Camillo , Nobili Flavio , Parnetti Lucilla , Agosta Federica 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNo disease-modifying therapies are currently available for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in Europe. Current evidence from clinical trials testing anti-beta amyloid (Aβ) monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) in patients with early AD, though, suggests a likely marketing authorization in the next years. Since the implementation of disease-modifying therapies for AD in the clinical practice will evidently require a huge change of dementia care in all countries, a group of prominent AD clinical experts in Italy met to discuss patients’ selection and management strategies. The current diagnostic–therapeutic standard of care in Italy was taken as the starting point. The prescription of new therapies cannot ignore the definition of a biological diagnosis through the assessment of both amyloid- and tau-related biomarkers. The high risk/benefit ratio of anti-Aβ immunotherapies, moreover, needs a highly specialized diagnostic work-up and a thorough exclusion criteria assessment, which should be provided by a neurology specialist. The Expert Panel also suggests a reorganization of the Centers for dementia and cognitive decline in Italy into 3 levels of increasing complexity: community center, first- and second-level center. Tasks and requirements for each level were defined. Finally, specific characteristics of a center deputed to prescribe anti-Aβ mAbs were discussed.