bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A morphological investigation of the tongue of roe deer (Capreolus capreolus Linnaeus, 1758)
Authors: Selviler‐Sizer Sedef , Kurt Semih , Kanik Betül , Tütüncü Şerife , Onuk Burcu , Kabak Murat 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe morphological structure of the tongue and papillae that occur on it vary according to an animal's lifestyle, nutrition, and adaptation to various environmental conditions. This study aimed to reveal in detail the morphological, histological, and electron microscopic structure of the tongue of roe deer (Capreolus capreolus Linnaeus, 1758). In this study, nine roe tongues were used. The tongue consists of three parts: the apex, body, and root. When the dorsal surface of the tongue was examined in detail, five different papillae were observed: filiform, lenticular, conical, fungiform, and vallate. Filiform papillae differed in having secondary papillae according to their localization. The opening holes of taste buds were observed on the surface of the round and flat fungiform papillae. The free ends of the filiform papillae were more pointed and thinner than those of the other papillae, while the width of the lenticular papillae was thicker, the surface was flat, and the free ends were blunt. Triangular‐shaped conical papillae were observed differently regarding the presence or absence of secondary papillae. The vallate papillae were caudolateral to the lingual torus. On the surface of the vallate papillae, circumferenced by a deep groove, were the opening holes of the taste buds and microridges. From this analysis, it appears to be characteristic of roe deer that mechanical function, filiform, and conical papillae contain secondary papillae; lenticular papillae, absent in many deer species, are found; and a prominent papillary groove surrounds all mechanical and gustatory papillae.Research Highlights
The lingual papillae of roe deer (Capreolus capreolus Linnaeus, 1758) were examined with this study in detail for the first time.
Similarities and differences with ruminant species were determined.
Factors associated with long‐term healthcare expense and steroid exposure in patients admitted with acute severe ulcerative colitis
Authors: Gilmore Robert , Lo Sheng W. , Cheong Rachael , Karim Syeda Tahiya , Farrah Deborah , Kashkooli Soleiman , Segal Jonathan P. , Garg Mayur 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackground and AimAcute severe ulcerative colitis (ASUC) remains a significant cause of morbidity and healthcare utilization. This study aimed to characterize the total healthcare costs of ASUC, explore factors associated with significant cost over the 12 months following an index admission, and document outcomes including corticosteroid exposure.MethodsPatients admitted from January 2016 until January 2021 for ASUC to a tertiary inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) center in Australia were identified via retrospective chart review. Costs were calculated over a 12‐month period following index admission.ResultsSeventy‐two patients (30 [42%] female, median age 39 [IQR 27–54] years) were included. The median length of stay of index admission was 6 days (IQR 5–10 days). The median cost of index admission was 7829 AUD, which was driven by the initial length of stay (P < 0.01) and requirement for colectomy (P < 0.01). Median total healthcare cost over the first 12 months was 13 873 AUD (IQR 9684–19 936 AUD), again predominately driven by the length of stay (P < 0.01) and requirement for colectomy (P < 0.01). Median cumulative corticosteroid use over 12 months inclusive of index hospitalization was 1760 mg (IQR 1560–2350 mg). Requirement for inpatient medical salvage therapy with infliximab was associated with increased corticosteroid requirement (P = 0.01).ConclusionHealthcare expense related to ASUC remains high, driven predominantly by the length of stay during initial hospitalization and need for colectomy. From a healthcare cost perspective, novel methods to reduce inpatient hospital stay as well as need for colectomy may help reduce the economic and steroid burden of ASUC.
Petals and books: The largest Laplacian spectral gap from 1
Authors: Jost Jürgen , Mulas Raffaella , Zhang Dong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe prove that, for any connected graph on vertices, the spectral gap from the value 1 with respect to the normalized Laplacian is at most 1/2. Moreover, we show that equality is achieved if and only if the graph is either a petal graph (for odd) or a book graph (for even). This implies that is a maximal gap interval for the normalized Laplacian on connected graphs. This is closely related to the Alon–Boppana bound on regular graphs and a recent result by Kollár and Sarnak on cubic graphs. Our result also provides a sharp bound for the convergence rate of some eigenvalues of the Laplacian on neighborhood graphs.
Systemic delivery of specific and efficient CRISPR/Cas9 system targeting HPV16 oncogenes using LL‐37 antimicrobial peptide in C57BL/6 mice
Authors: Khairkhah Niloofar , Bolhassani Azam , Rajaei Farzad , Najafipour Reza 
Published: July 2023

AbstractHuman papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 is the most common sexually transmitted virus related to cervical cancer. Among different types of advanced novel therapies, the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/Cas‐mediated gene editing holds great promise for cancer treatment. In this research, optimal gRNA sequences targeting HPV16 E5, E6, E7, and p97 promoter for CRISPR/Cas9‐mediated genome editing were designed by in silico prediction. After cloning, delivery of the recombinant vectors into C3, TC1 and HeLa tumor cells was evaluated by Lipofectamine 2000, and LL‐37 antimicrobial peptide. Then, the levels of cell cycle proteins (p21, p53, and Rb) were investigated after treatment by western blot analysis. Finally, C57BL/6 mice were inoculated with C3 tumor cells, and treated with recombinant vectors and cisplatin. Based on the tumor size reduction and IHC results, the E6 + E7‐treated group with a high percentage of cleaved caspase‐3 positive cells (45.75%) and low mitotic index of 2−3 was determined as the best treatment among other groups. Moreover, the potential of LL‐37 peptide to overcome the CRISPR/Cas9 delivery challenge was shown for the first time. Overall, our study suggests that the CRISPR/Cas9‐mediated gene editing of pre‐existing tumors is effective, specific and nontoxic, and the outlook for precise gene therapy in cancer patients is very bright.
Impact of obesity on catheter ablation of ventricular tachycardia: In‐hospital and 30‐day outcomes
Authors: Tan Min Choon , Yeo Yong Hao , Ang Qi Xuan , Tan Bryan E‐Xin , Rattanawong Pattara , Tan Jian Liang , Lee Justin Z. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundEvidence on the impact of obesity on catheter ablation for ventricular tachycardia (VT) is scarce.Method and ResultsWe queried the Nationwide Readmissions Database to determine the hospital outcomes and procedural complications of VT ablation among the obese and nonobese populations. Obesity was associated with a more prolonged length of stay (p < .01), higher cost of hospitalization (p < .01), and higher rates of pericardial effusion or hemopericardium (p = .05) and vascular complications (p = .05). There was no significant difference in early mortality, 30‐day readmissions, and other procedural complications.ConclusionVT ablation could be performed relatively safely among patients with obesity.
Microbial bio‐film calcite mediated removal of heavy metals from industrial wastewater of Kasur, Pakistan
Authors: Aqsa  , Qurashi Aisha W. , Moqaddes Sidra 
Published: July 2023

AbstractHeavy metals in the industrial wastewater are an area of great concern as act as source of bioaccumulation in edible plants and posing a major health risk to humans like cancers. This study was planned by exploiting the bio‐film producing microbes that have the potential to remediate heavy metals by calcite mediated removal from industrial wastewater. Samples (n = 10) from a marble factory wastewater were collected. Samples were serially diluted and were spread on nutrient agar media supplemented with 2% urea and 0.28 g calcium chloride. All the isolates were observed for colony morphology, gram staining, and spore staining, for biochemical profile and for their efficacy in producing calcium carbonate crystals. All isolates showed cell densities at varying metal (chromium) concentrations ranging from 100 to 500 µg/mL. Determination of biofilm formation is performed by recording Optical density (OD = 600 nm). Normalized biofilm (570/600 nm) was formed. Different concentrations of chromium were used to measure their reduction ability and also by using tannery water. In tannery wastewater, significant reduction was recorded (p = 0.05) by AS4 bacterial isolate as compared to rest of the isolates and treatments. It showed remarkable chromium VI reduction ability.
Antioxidant effects of phenolic extract from sugarcane straw and mannan extract from brewer's spent yeast on fresh‐cut apples
Authors: Deuchande Teresa , Fundo Joana , Rodrigues Daniela , Abudiab Iyad , Durão Joana , Carvalho Ana Paula , Oliveira Ana Lúcia Silva , Pintado Manuela , Amaro Ana Luísa 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDFresh‐cut fruit are convenient ready‐to‐eat products increasingly demanded by consumers, but highly susceptible to oxidation. To increase the shelf life of these products, this industry is currently facing the challenge of finding sustainable natural preservatives capable of maintaining fresh‐cut fruit quality while meeting consumers’ expectations regarding health and environmental concerns.RESULTSIn this work, fresh‐cut apple slices were treated with two antioxidant extracts derived from industrial by‐products: a phenolic‐rich extract produced from sugarcane straw (PE‐SCS) and applied at 15 g L−1, and a mannan‐rich extract obtained from brewer's spent yeast (MN‐BSY) applied at two concentrations: 1 and 5 g L−1. PE‐SCS, having a brown color, imparted a brownish hue to the fruit and increased the browning rate during storage, and not even the initial robust antioxidant response (high superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and guaiacol peroxidase activities), prevented oxidation. Fruit treated with MN‐BSY extract at 5 g L−1 showed lower color loss rate and higher polyphenol oxidase inhibition, while at 1 g L−1 it showed lower firmness loss rate and lower lipid peroxidation after 6 days of storage.CONCLUSIONThe results showed that PE‐SCS triggers a potent antioxidant response in fresh‐cut fruit and, despite it imparting a brown color to the fruit at 15 g L−1, it may have potential for application at lower concentrations. Regarding MN‐BSY, it generally decreased oxidative stress, but its effect on quality maintenance was dependent on the concentration and, thus, to confirm its potential as a fruit preservative more concentrations must be tested. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Decreasing length of stay in breast reconstruction patients: A national analysis of 2019–2020
Authors: Rubenstein Robyn N. , Stern Carrie S. , Graziano Francis D. , Plotsker Ethan L. , Haglich Kathryn , Tadros Audree B. , Allen Robert J. , Mehrara Babak J. , Matros Evan , Nelson Jonas A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe effects of COVID‐19 on breast reconstruction included shifts toward alloplastic reconstruction methods to preserve hospital resources and minimize COVID exposures. We examined the effects of COVID‐19 on breast reconstruction hospital length of stay (LOS) and subsequent early postoperative complication rates.MethodsUsing the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program, we examined female patients who underwent mastectomy with immediate breast reconstruction from 2019 to 2020. We compared postoperative complications across 2019–2020 for alloplastic and autologous reconstruction patients. We further performed subanalysis of 2020 patients based on LOS.ResultsBoth alloplastic and autologous reconstruction patients had shorter inpatient stays. Regarding the alloplastic 2019 versus 2020 cohorts, complication rates did not differ (p > 0.05 in all cases). Alloplastic patients in 2020 with longer LOS had more unplanned reoperations (p < 0.001). Regarding autologous patients in 2019 versus 2020, the only complication increasing from 2019 to 2020 was deep surgical site infection (SSI) (2.0% vs. 3.6%, p = 0.024). Autologous patients in 2020 with longer LOS had more unplanned reoperations (p = 0.007).ConclusionsIn 2020, hospital LOS decreased for all breast reconstruction patients with no complication differences in alloplastic patients and a slight increase in SSIs in autologous patients. Shorter LOS may lead to improved satisfaction and lower healthcare costs with low complication risk, and future research should examine the potential relationship between LOS and these outcomes.
Features of anaplastic lymphoma kinase rearrangement in early‐stage lung cancer: Analysis of a nationwide Japanese database
Authors: Matsuura Yosuke , Mun Mingon , Shintani Yasushi , Okami Jiro , Ito Hiroyuki , Ohtsuka Takashi , Mori Takeshi , Watanabe Shun‐ichi , Chida Masayuki , Endo Shunsuke , Nakanishi Ryoichi , Kadokura Mitsutaka , Suzuki Hidemi , Miyaoka Etsuo , Yoshino Ichiro , Date Hiroshi ,   Japanese Joint Committee of Lung Cancer Registry
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesAnaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangement is a representative driver mutation in lung cancer. However, the biology of early‐stage ALK‐rearranged lung cancer remains unclear. We aimed to assess the clinicopathological features, prognostic implications, and influence of ALK rearrangement on the postoperative course in surgically resected lung cancer.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed data from the Japanese Joint Committee of Lung Cancer Registry database. Of the 12 730 patients with lung adenocarcinoma, 794 (6.2%) were tested for ALK rearrangement and were included.ResultsALK rearrangements were detected in 76 patients (10%). The 5‐year overall survival (OS) rate was significantly higher in the ALK rearrangement‐positive group than in the ALK rearrangement‐negative group (p = 0.030). Multivariable analysis revealed that ALK rearrangement was an independent prognostic factor for improved OS (hazard ratio, 0.521; 95% confidence interval, 0.298–0.911; p = 0.022). Regarding the postrecurrence state, there was no difference in the initial recurrence sites between both groups. Administration of ALK‐tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) improved postrecurrence survival in any treatment lines.ConclusionIn one of the largest national surveys, ALK rearrangement was associated with improved long‐term outcomes in surgically resected patients. ALK‐TKIs may be an important treatment strategy for ALK rearrangement‐positive lung adenocarcinoma in the postrecurrence state.
Reduced uptake pattern on 68Ga‐DOTATATE‐scan may indicate necrosis predicting aggressive behavior in pheochromocytoma and paragangliomas (PPGLs)
Authors: de Jong Mechteld Christine , Pinto Diluka , Parameswaran Rajeev 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundPredicting malignancy among pheochromocytoma paragangliomas (PPGLs) remains a challenge, with only limited understanding of the clinical and molecular characteristics. It has been suggested that reduced avidity of a PPGL on 68Ga‐DOTATATE PET/CT could be a sign of not only altered metabolic activity, but also of increased biologic aggressiveness, possibly due to loss of SSTR‐expression.DesignRetrospective cohort review.Patients and MeasurementsThirty‐seven patients who underwent treatment for PPGL at a tertiary institution over the period 2010−2022, had their biochemical, radiological, and clinicopathological variables collected.ResultsFive of 37 (13%) patients (5 males) with a mean age of 42 years were found to have malignant PPGLs. The mean size of the tumors were 5.4 cm, with 4 located in the paraaortic area and 1 in right adrenal. Functional imaging with 68Ga‐DOTATATE PET/CT showed a mean SUVmax of 4.5. Four of 5 patients underwent open resection of the tumors under general anesthesia following preoperative alpha blockade with oral phenoxybenzamine. The mean PASS score of the excised tumors was 5.5 in keeping with biologically aggressive tumors, with evidence of necrosis. All but 1 patient had germline SDHB‐mutation (Deletion Exon 1). Postintervention after a mean follow‐up of 31 months, 2 of 5 (40%) patient developed spinal metastasis and 1 patients (25%) died of cardiac complications.ConclusionA non‐highly avid PPGL on DOTATE scan should be considered as possibly having necrosis of tumors indicating a more aggressive tumor‐biology. There might be a subgroup of patients in whom FDG‐PET scan should be considered to gain additional information.
Reactivity of tert‐butylperoxyl radical with some phenylthiazolidine derivatives and probucol
Authors: Tavadyan Levon , Tonikyan Hakob , Sahakyan Adrine , Musaelyan Makich 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe hybrid molecule phenylthiazolidine derivatives and probucol were kinetically examined as antioxidants (AOs) in scavenging tert‐butylperoxyl radical (t‐BuOO•) with comparable to the reference AO, butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). The anti‐t‐BuOO• reactivity of phenylthiazolidine derivatives and probucol was established using the direct kinetic electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) technique with pulse reactant injection. Absolute values of the bimolecular reaction rate constants and antiradical capacities of the studied compounds were measured from −63 to 0°C. The main antiperoxylradical sites of the compounds under study were revealed.High removal ability of t‐BuOO• by (2‐(4‐hydroxyphenyl)thiazolidine), 4‐[thiazolidin‐2‐yl]benzene‐1,2‐diol, 2‐(4‐hydroxyphenyl)thiazolidine‐4‐carboxylic acid and probucol was connected with the reaction of hydrogen atom abstraction from phenolic OH group.Weaker antiperoxylradical reactivity of 2‐phenylthiazolidine was connected with the slower reaction of hydrogen atom abstraction from benzylic C–H bond in reference to nitrogen and sulfur atoms compared with the phenolic OH group. It is found that sulfide groups had much weaker participation in antiperoxylradical reactivity of the studied compounds. It is concluded that removal of alkylperoxyl radicals by oxidizable phenylthiazolidine derivatives and probucol may partially account for biological activity of their compounds.
Facial plating industry payments: An analysis of the open payments database
Authors: Lorenz F. Jeffrey , LaBarge Brandon , Lighthall Jessyka G. , Walen Scott G. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo compare industry payments from facial plating companies to plastic surgery, oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMFS), and otolaryngology (OHNS).MethodsThe Open Payments Database was queried from 2016 to 2021 to identify all industry disbursements related to facial plating products from Stryker, Zimmer Biomet, Depuy Synthes Products, Acumed, and KLS Martin. Total dollars, number of payments, and specialists paid were compared between plastic surgery, OMFS, and OHNS. Funding was correlated to estimated case volume and number of licensed surgeons determined by literature review.ResultsFrom 2016 through 2021, OMFS received an average of $786,497 annually, followed by plastic surgery ($765,482), and OHNS ($184,484). On average, facial plating companies distributed 2256, 963, and 917 yearly payments to 699 oral and maxillofacial surgeons, 378 plastic surgeons, and 354 otolaryngologists, respectively. Total dollars, number of payments, and specialists paid were significantly different between specialties (p < .05). Facial trauma coverage is 39.6% by plastic surgery, 36.6% by OMFS, and 23.3% by OHNS. There are 7560 licensed oral and maxillofacial surgeons, 4948 plastic surgeons, and 11,778 otolaryngologists in the United States. Decreased payment to OHNS was more than could be accounted for by case volume alone.ConclusionsThe facial plating industry allocates more funding dollars to OMFS and plastic surgery compared to OHNS. OMFS receives the greatest number of payments to the most specialists compared to plastic surgery and OHNS. Engagement between OHNS and the facial plating industry is a potential area of growth in the future.Level of evidence: Level 4.
Combining modeling with novel field observations yields new insights into wintertime food limitation of larval fish
Authors: Akimova Anna , Peck Myron A. , Börner Gregor , van Damme Cindy , Moyano Marta 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRecruitment success of marine fishes is generally considered to be highly dependent on larval growth and survival. In temperate ecosystems, fish larvae are sensitive to food limitation during the low productivity seasons, particularly if water temperatures and concomitant larval metabolic costs increase due to climate change. We combined 7 years of in situ sampling of larval fish, novel observations on zooplankton via automated image analyses, and larval physiological modeling to explore feeding conditions of Atlantic herring larvae (Clupea harengus) in the North Sea. The observed plankton size‐structure was close to the theoretical optimum for larval foraging, but not the biomass. Our results for autumn larvae supported Hjort's critical period hypothesis: small first‐feeding larvae were predicted to have a high probability of starvation, whereas larvae > 13 mm were able to reach their maximal growth capacity. In winter, the majority of herring larvae of all tested sizes (5–27 cm) experienced food‐limitation with over 35% probability of starvation. Sensitivity analysis suggested that young herring larvae improve their growth performance and probability of survival if feed not only on copepods and their life‐stages but include other microplankters in their diet. Given projected warming of the North Sea, our model predicts that herring larvae would require 28% (35%) more prey biomass in autumn (winter) to sustain their growth and survival in the future. This finding together with the ongoing low recruitment of North Sea herring underscore the importance of future micro‐ and mesoplankton monitoring within a scope of wintertime larval fish surveys.
Global Ocean dimethylsulfide photolysis rates quantified with a spectrally and vertically resolved model
Authors: Galí Martí , Devred Emmanuel , Pérez Gonzalo L. , Kieber David J. , Simó Rafel 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPhotochemical reactions initiated by ultraviolet radiation remove the climate‐active gas dimethylsulfide (DMS) from the ocean's surface layer. Here, we quantified DMS photolysis using a satellite‐based model that accounts for spectral irradiance attenuation in the water column, its absorption by chromophoric dissolved organic matter, and the apparent quantum yields (AQYs) with which absorbed photons degrade DMS. Models with two alternative parameterizations for AQY estimate global DMS photolysis at between 17 and 20 Tg S yr−1, equivalent to 13–15 Tg C yr−1, of which ~ 73% occurs in the Southern hemisphere. This asymmetry results mostly from the high AQYs found south of 40° S, which more than counteract the prevailing low irradiance and deep mixing in that region. Simplified schemes currently used in biogeochemical models, whereby photolysis follows the vertical attenuation of visible radiation, overestimate DMS photolysis by around 150% globally. We propose relevant corrections and simple adjustments to those models.