bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of a genetic region in linked to tolerance to MRSA infection using Collaborative Cross mice
Authors: Nagarajan Aravindh , Scoggin Kristin , Adams L. Garry , Threadgill David , Andrews-Polymenis Helene 
Published: July 2023

AbstractStaphylococcus aureus(S. aureus) colonizes humans asymptomatically but can also cause opportunistic infections, ranging from mild skin infections to severe life-threatening conditions. Resistance and tolerance are two ways a host can survive an infection. Resistance is limiting the pathogen burden, while tolerance is limiting the health impact of a given pathogen burden. In previous work, we established that collaborative cross (CC) mouse line CC061 is highly susceptible to Methicillin-resistantS. aureusinfection (MRSA, USA300), while CC024 is tolerant. To identify host genes involved in tolerance afterS. aureusinfection, we crossed CC061 mice and CC024 mice to generate F1 and F2 populations. Survival after MRSA infection in the F1 and F2 generations was 65% and 45% and followed a complex dominant-recessive inheritance pattern. Colonization in F2 animals was more extreme than in their parents, suggesting successful segregation of genetic factors. We identified a QTL peak on chromosome 7 for survival and weight change after infection. In this QTL, the WSB allele was present in CC024 mice and contributed to their MRSA tolerant phenotype. Two genes,C5ar1andC5ar2, have high-impact variants in this region. The complement factor,C5a, is an anaphylatoxin that can trigger a massive immune response by binding to its receptors,C5ar1andC5ar2. We hypothesize thatC5amay have altered binding to variant receptors in CC024 mice, reducing damage caused by the cytokine storm and resulting in the ability to tolerate a higher pathogen burden and longer survival.ImportanceStaphylococcus aureuscauses a wide range of diseases in humans. Resistance and tolerance are two ways a host can survive an infection. Resistance is limiting the pathogen burden, while tolerance is limiting the health impact of a given pathogen burden. Tolerance mechanisms are poorly understood in context of host-pathogen interaction. To identify host genes involved in tolerance afterS. aureusinfection, we crossed CC061 mice and CC024 mice. The genetic factors controlling tolerance were well segregated in the F2 population. Using QTL mapping, we identified a significant peak on chromosome 7 for survival and weight change after infection. Two genes, C5ar1 and C5ar2, have high-impact variants in this region. We hypothesize that C5a may have altered binding to variant receptors in CC024 mice, reducing damage caused by the cytokine storm and resulting in the ability to tolerate a higher pathogen burden and longer survival.
Truncated protein isoforms generate diversity of protein localization and function in yeast
Authors: Higdon Andrea L. , Won Nathan H. , Brar Gloria A. 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACTGenome-wide measurements of ribosome occupancy on mRNA transcripts have enabled global empirical identification of translated regions. These approaches have revealed an unexpected diversity of protein products, but high-confidence identification of new coding regions that entirely overlap annotated coding regions – including those that encode truncated protein isoforms – has remained challenging. Here, we develop a sensitive and robust algorithm focused on identifying N-terminally truncated proteins genome-wide, identifying 388 truncated protein isoforms, a more than 30-fold increase in the number known in budding yeast. We perform extensive experimental validation of these truncated proteins and define two general classes. The first set lack large portions of the annotated protein sequence and tend to be produced from a truncated transcript. We show two such cases, Yap5truncationand Pus1truncation, to have condition-specific regulation and functions that appear distinct from their respective annotated isoforms. The second set of N-terminally truncated proteins lack only a small region of the annotated protein and are less likely to be regulated by an alternative transcript isoform. Many localize to different subcellular compartments than their annotated counterpart, representing a common strategy for achieving dual localization of otherwise functionally identical proteins.
Role of trafficking protein particle complex 2 in medaka development
Authors: Zappa Francesca , Intartaglia Daniela , Guarino Andrea M. , De Cegli Rossella , Wilson Cathal , Salierno Francesco G. , Polishchuk Elena , Sorrentino Nicolina Cristina , Conte Ivan , De Matteis Maria Antonietta 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe skeletal dysplasia spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia tarda (SEDT) is caused by mutations in theTRAPPC2gene, which encodes Sedlin, a component of the trafficking protein particle (TRAPP) complex that we have shown previously to be required for the export of type II collagen (Col2) from the endoplasmic reticulum. No vertebrate model for SEDT has been generated thus far. To address this gap, we generated a Sedlin knockout animal by mutating the orthologousTRAPPC2gene (olSedl) ofOryzias latipes(medaka) fish.OlSedldeficiency leads to embryonic defects, short size, diminished skeletal ossification, and altered Col2 production and secretion, resembling human defects observed in SEDT patients. Moreover, SEDT knock-out animals display photoreceptor degeneration and gut morphogenesis defects, suggesting a key role for Sedlin in the development of these organs. Thus, by studying Sedlin functionin vivo, we provide evidence for a mechanistic link between TRAPPC2-mediated membrane trafficking, Col2 export, and developmental disorders.
The challenges in adoption of circular economy in SMEs – a research agenda and way forward
Authors: Kondala Mukesh , Nudurupati Sai Sudhakar , Pappu Raja Phani 
Published: July 2023

PurposeThe circular economy (CE) represents an industry-wide transition from linear to circular processes. There has been a proliferation of literature on CE in the last decade. However, the existing studies on the adaption of CE in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are scarce. This study aims to develop a research agenda and the way forward for future researchers focusing on the adoption of CE.Design/methodology/approachThis article analyses the CE concepts through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR). Coding and content analysis are performed to generate emergent themes with the help of “Atlas.ti” software.FindingsThe authors uncovered the contemporary significance of adopting CE and the state-of-the-art literature on CE. The study's findings fall into four broad themes: Technical know-how, resource and process optimization, reverse practices and technology and innovation. Ten thought-provoking questions were identified in the four themes that researchers can explore further in embracing CE to achieve sustainability in SMEs.Practical implicationsThe study has highlighted the importance of CE adoption and CE's benefits to stakeholders across all three dimensions, i.e. social, economic and ecological. Practitioners can use the agenda in four themes to strengthen the practitioners' existing practices in SMEs to promote CE.Originality/valueThe study's uniqueness is the supply of current knowledge from diverse literature and practical consequences for SMEs. This study opens new lines of inquiry to adopt CE in SMEs, streamlining the existing literature into four themes to focus future research.
Impact of motivation and continuing professional development upon job performance and satisfaction level of reference librarians in Pakistan: an empirical investigation
Authors: Shahzad Khurram , Khan Shakeel Ahmad 
Published: July 2023

Purpose
Motivation of the employees is extensively considered as an antidote for the overall success of the organizations. This study primarily aims to investigate the impact of motivation on the job performance of university librarians in Pakistan.

Design/methodology/approach
Quantitative research design followed by a survey method under an extended theory of motivation was applied. Data were collected from 123 professional librarians of 79 university libraries in Punjab province, Pakistan. The study tested hypotheses having used regression statistical test through Statistical Package for Social Sciences Software (Version 26).

Findings
Results of the study revealed that motivation (intrinsic and extrinsic), the expectation of benefits, satisfaction of meta needs and challenging situations have a strong positive impact on the optimum job performance of university librarians.

Practical implications
This research has theoretical implications for the researchers and practical insights for human resource managers to get maximum outcomes for organizational development. The results of the study may be generalized to the university libraries of other countries having similar socio-economic and cultural situations.

Originality/value
This study developed a framework based upon empirically tested hypotheses that might be used as drivers for different motivation practices to augment employees’ commitment to the organizations.
Reflection at the free surface of the orthotropic piezo-hygro-thermo-elastic medium
Authors: Yadav Anand Kumar , Barak M.S. , Gupta Vipin 
Published: July 2023

Purpose
This paper aims to study the impact of pyro-electricity, moisture and temperature diffusivity on the energy distribution of plane waves at the free surface of an orthotropic piezo-hygro-thermo-elastic medium.

Design/methodology/approach
This study presents the novel creation of governing equations for an anisotropic piezothermoelastic medium with moisture impact, which is a significant contribution of this paper.

Findings
In addition to providing numerical data for the amplitude ratios and energy ratios of reflected waves, this study identifies five different kinds of coupled reflected plane waves, namely, quasi-longitudinal P wave, quasi-thermal wave, quasi-transverse wave, quasi-moisture wave and electric potential wave.

Research limitations/implications
The graphical analysis examines the impact of various factors, such as the angle of incidence, moisture and temperature diffusivity, pyro-electricity and frequency, on energy distribution.

Practical implications
This paper's results significantly impact the development of more efficient piezoelectric materials and their applications in geophysics.

Originality/value
The authors of the submitted document initiated and produced it collectively, with equal contributions from all members.
Influence of near-fault ground motion characteristics and the relative geographical positioning of sites on the seismic response of RC structures
Authors: Wani Faisal Mehraj , Vemuri Jayaprakash , Chenna Rajaram 
Published: July 2023

PurposeThe objective of the study is to examine the response of reinforced concrete (RC) structures subjected to Near-Fault Ground Motions (NFGM) and highlight the importance of considering various factors including the influence of the relative geographical position of near-fault sites that can affect the structural response during an earthquake.Design/methodology/approachIn this paper, the response of a four-storey RC building subjected to NFGMs with varied characteristics like hanging wall and footwall in conjunction with directivity and the effect of pulse-like ground motions with rupture direction are investigated to understand the combined influence of these factors on the behavior of the structure. Furthermore, the capacity and demand of the structural element are investigated for computing the performance ratio.FindingsResults from this study indicate that the most unfavorable combinations for structural damage due to near-fault ground motion are the hanging wall with forward rupture, the fault normal component of ground motions, and pulse-like ground motions with forward directivity.Originality/valueThe results from this study provide valuable insight into the response of RC structures subjected to NFGM and highlight the importance of considering various factors that can affect the structural response during an earthquake. Moreover, the computation of capacity and demand of the critical beam indicates exceedance of desired limits, resulting in the early deterioration of the structural elements. Finally, the analytical analysis from the present study confirms that the hanging wall with forward ruptures, pulse-like motions, and fling steps are the most unfavorable combinations for seismic structural damage.
How do we choose whom to support? Different approaches to selection criteria in business pre-incubation
Authors: Bielicki Marcin 
Published: July 2023

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to gain a deeper understanding of the selection criteria used in preincubation programs. Particular focus has been placed on examining the exclusive and inclusive nature of these criteria, and how they relate to both egalitarian and utilitarian considerations.

Design/methodology/approach
The study used two data sources: archival available online data and semi-structured interviews. Forty-nine preincubation programs were examined, with 19 representatives interviewed. The data was analyzed using content analysis to understand the access and selection criteria applied at the preincubation stage.

Findings
The goals of preincubation programs vary, including developing students’ competencies, creating new companies or achieving the goals of the corporation that sponsored the program. preincubation programs use three levels of selection criteria, including entry criteria, the potential of the submitted idea and team and the personal characteristics and competencies of the applicants. The entry criteria varied across programs, with some programs being open only to university employees and students, while others were open to the public. The study found that the majority of preincubation programs used a combination of both egalitarian and utilitarian motivations in their selection criteria.

Practical implications
The criteria used to evaluate applications flowing into preincubation should be strongly related to the goals that preincubation is supposed to achieve. It is essential to consider that, contrary to previous knowledge, this process is not only aimed at supporting the creation of new businesses.

Originality/value
To the best of the author’s knowledge, this is the first study that analyzes the approach to selection criteria in preincubation programs with such diverse goals and in different countries as well as expanding the understanding of the criteria used at different stages of the incubation process and relating to the inclusiveness in entrepreneurship.
Digital transformation in tourism sector: trends and future perspectives from a bibliometric-content analysis
Authors: Kumar Suneel , Kumar Varinder , Kumari Bhatt Isha , Kumar Sanjeev , Attri Kamlesh 
Published: July 2023

PurposeThis article analyzes research on digital transformation in the tourism sector, providing insights into leading work, authors, journals, trends and future research opportunities. However, limited in-depth research exists on this topic, and the existing studies lack an understanding of its development, scope and relevant areas.Design/methodology/approachThe study utilized the Scopus database to identify 61 articles on digital transformation in the tourism sector. The research employed VOSviewer software to analyze publication and citation structure, incorporating bibliometric variables like co-authorship, co-citation network, keywords co-occurrence network and bibliographic coupling.FindingsThe study yielded valuable insights from top-cited articles, revealing their contributions to digital transformation in tourism research. It also highlighted publication trends and the impact of authors, journals and studies and conducted co-occurrence, co-authorship and bibliographic analyses to identify key trends and issues in the tourism sector. The study calls for further examination of the digital revolution in tourism research and outlines future opportunities for researchers in this area.Research limitations/implicationsTo enhance the comprehensiveness of data collection, it is recommended that researchers consider including publications from databases such as WOS (Web of Science), Dimensions and PubMed in addition to the Scopus database. This broader inclusion of sources can provide different network structures and valuable insights from the field of digital transformation in the tourism sector.Originality/valueThe research provides substantial value to the study of digital transformation in tourism by focusing on bibliometric data from the Scopus database for the period from 2017 to 2022. By analyzing this data, it identifies significant trends in digital transformation within tourism research. Additionally, the study uncovers new areas of digitization in the tourism sector, further enhancing its value and relevance.
Towards a unified typology of digital communication technologies in international business: a tool for management and research
Authors: Hazlehurst Christopher , Etter Michael , Brouthers Keith D. 
Published: July 2023

Purpose
Digital communication technologies have become ubiquitous for various firm processes related to international business (IB) and global strategy. However, IB and strategy scholars lack an encompassing and theory-based typology of these technologies that facilitates analysis and discussion of their uses and effects. Likewise, managers have a large choice of technologies at their disposal making it difficult to determine what technology to use in different IB areas. This paper aims to develop a typology of digital communication technologies based on the synchronicity and interactivity of these technologies and capture their fundamental social and temporal dimensions. This results in four ideal types: broadcasting, corresponding, aggregating and collaborating technologies.

Design/methodology/approach
This is a conceptual paper incorporating theoretical perspectives to theorize about four ideal types of digital communication technologies. A subsequent empirical test of this typology has been provided in the appendix.

Findings
The authors discuss how the typology might be applied in IB decisions and some of the contingencies that impact this choice. Building on that, the authors develop directions for future research to increase their understanding of the use of digital communication technologies to help improve IB functions. Overall, the authors suggest future research explores contingencies about where and when different types of digital communication technologies should be used. Finally, the authors provide implication of having a unified typology for both academics and managers.

Originality/value
The authors offer a robust framework for thinking about and capturing different types of digital communication technologies that can be applied by researchers and used by managers when making decisions related to IB. The authors also provide some initial testing of the typology with a three-country study design helping to determine its validity.
Jump to platform faster? Gender, institutional change, and pre-entrant entrepreneurial attempt
Authors: Xu Lei , Parboteeah K. Praveen , Fang Hanqing 
Published: July 2023

PurposeThe authors enrich and extend the existing institutional anomie theory (IAT) in the hope of sharpening the understanding of the joint effects of selected cultural values and social institutional changes on women's pre-entrant entrepreneurial attempts. The authors theorize that women are culturally discouraged to pursue pre-entrant entrepreneurial attempts or wealth accumulation in a specific culture. This discouragement creates an anomic strain that motivates women to deviate from cultural prescriptions by engaging in pre-entrant entrepreneurial attempts at a faster speed. Building on this premise, the authors hypothesize that changes in social institutions facilitate the means of achievement for women due to the potential opportunities inherent in such institutional changes.Design/methodology/approachUsing a randomly selected sample of 1,431 registered active individual users with a minimum of 10,000 followers on a leading entertainment live-streaming platform in the People's Republic of China, the authors examined a unique mix of cultural and institutional changes and their effects on the speed of women's engagement in live-streaming platform activity.FindingsThe authors find support for the impact of the interaction between changes in social institution conditions and cultural values. Unexpectedly, the authors also find a negative impact of cultural values on women's speed of engaging in pre-entrant entrepreneurial attempts.Originality/valueThe authors add institutional change to the IAT framework and provide a novel account for the variation in the pre-entrant entrepreneurial attempts by women on the platform.
The Crisis at the CBI
Authors: Grant Wyn 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe Confederation of British Industry (CBI) experienced a reputational crisis after a number of allegations of sexual harassment. Leading members of the organisation resigned and its resources were depleted. The British Chambers of Commerce (BCC) attempted to fill the void. The organisation survived a confidence vote, but the result may be a permanently weakened organisation. Apart from the 2023 crisis, there are deeper structural problems in business representation.
Genetic dissection of intratumor heterogeneity of PD‐L1 expression in EGFR‐mutated lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Kunimasa Kei , Hirotsu Yosuke , Amemiya Kenji , Honma Keiichiro , Nakamura Harumi , Nishino Kazumi , Omata Masao 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn this study, we investigated the association between PD‐L1 expression in tumor cells and underlying genetic mutations, which was analyzed in detail using laser microdissection and next‐generation sequencing analysis. To investigate whether driver mutations are involved in the background of PD‐L1 expression, the EGFR major activating mutation was selected as the most frequent driver mutation. Surgical resection specimens were used to extract sufficient amounts of nucleic acids for analysis, and the high tumor proportion score (TPS:100%) and low (TPS: 0%) PD‐L1‐expressing parts of the tumor were each laser microdissected to examine the association between PD‐L1 expression heterogeneity and genetic mutations within the same tumor. The association between PD‐L1 heterogeneity and gene mutations within the same tumor was investigated. Analysis showed no association between PD‐L1 expression heterogeneity and genetic variants, which were found to be almost identical. However, PD‐L1 expression was found to be associated with the number of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) present in the tumor, which may be related to whether or not lymphocytes can infiltrate into the tumor depending on the tumor histological type (solid pattern, lepidic pattern, etc.) and other factors.
Austria: Political Developments and Data in 2022
Authors: PRAPROTNIK KATRIN 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAustrian politics in 2022 was affected by high levels of public dissatisfaction. The year was dominated by pandemic fatigue, rising inflation and the reconditioning of the so‐called Austrian People's Party/Österreichische Volkspartei (ÖVP) corruption‐affaire. Consequently, the national government parties of the Christian‐Democratic ÖVP and the Greens/Die Grünen–Die Grüne Alternative (GRÜNE) further lost at the polls, while the main opposition parties—especially the right‐wing Austrian Freedom Party/Freiheitliche Partei Österreichs—gained public support. The presidential election in October confirmed a second term for the sitting President, Alexander Van der Bellen. The regional election in Tyrol brought severe losses for the regional (and national) governing parties, ÖVP and Greens. Despite its losses, the ÖVP secured its position in regional government and formed a coalition with the Austrian Social Democratic Party/Sozialdemokratische Partei Österreichs after the election in Tyrol.