bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Air Cavity Deformation by Single Jointed Diver Model Entry Bodies
Authors: Gregorio Elizabeth , Balaras Elias , Leftwich Megan C. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Competitive divers are able to attain much higher scores when they perform a splash-less entry. To achieve this goal, they use the "rip" entry maneuver where they roll their body forward immediately after impact. This dynamic shape change after impact separates them from previously studied entry bodies. An experimental study of a geometrically simplified hinged diver model is presented. The results for five different hinged models are reported. Geometric and hinge stiffness changes are used to identify the most important aspects of the maneuver. The trajectory of these models after impact and the estimated size of the entrained air cavity are reported. The models that deform the fastest also have the largest final estimated air cavity. A non-dimensional time scaled by the time to complete deformation is found to collapse the estimated size of the air cavity for all models that deform before pinch off. Fixed models are introduced to compare the hinged models to non-deforming entry bodies. The hinged models are found to have between 42% - 154% larger estimated air cavities during the final measurement than their fixed counterpart. At the moment of deep seal, two distinct air cavities are formed: one that connects to the atmosphere above the pool that has smooth walls and a lower cavity largely composed of small bubbles. This composition is analogous to observations of competitive divers.Entry bodies that deform are found to significantly change the entry body dynamics and formation of the air cavity.
Designing an Epidemic Health Insurance
Authors: Atatalab Fatemeh , Najafabadi Amir T. Payandeh , Zokaei Mohammad 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This paper considers a one-year healthcare insurance contract inwhich a policyholder protects against an epidemic risk within thepolicy term and its side effects at most five years later forthose who got an infection during the policy period. To deriveactuarial computations, it considers a SIDS epidemic model inwhich infection rates depending on the time. Under such SIDSepidemic model and four health insurance plans fair premium andloss reserves have been evaluated. Finally, through a simulationstud, practical product application has been given.
MSC classification: 60J28,91B30, 92D30
Human gut microbiota from hepatitis B virus-infected individuals is associated with reduced triglyceride level in mice: faecal transplantation study
Authors: Kim Han-Na , Cheong Hae Suk , Kim Bomi , Sohn Won , Cho Yong Kyun , Kwon Min-Jung , Kim Juhee , Song Youngmi , Joo Eun-Jeong 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background:Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is associated with a reduced risk of dyslipidaemia. Using a human faecal transplant mouse model, we compared changes in gut microbiota and lipid profiles in mice transplanted with human faeces from HBV-infected and non-infected individuals.Methods:A total of 19 mice received human faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) from four HBV-infected individuals and were categorised into the HBV-positive mice group, while 20 mice received FMT from four HBV-non-infected individuals and were categorised into the HBV-negative mice group. Serial changes in the gut microbiota and lipid levels were compared between the two subgroups during 6 weeks of post-FMT period.Results: In the analysis of gut microbiota in FMT mice, we observed a robust increase in alpha diversity and abundance of taxa related to lipid metabolism, includingAkkermansia muciniphilain HBV-positive mice, compared to that in HBV-negative mice. Functional inference analysis revealed that the pathways involved in glycerolipid metabolism were more enriched in HBV-positive mice. At 5 weeks of post-FMT, the reduced triglyceride (TG) level was predominantly observed in HBV-positive mice, compared to that in HBV-negative mice.Conclusions:In the experimental FMT mouse model, we found that altered gut microbiota accompanied by HBV infection was associated with a robust increase in alpha diversity and butyrate producers, which resulted in areduced level of TG at 5 weeks post-FMT. This indicates that the reduced risk of dyslipidaemia in chronic HBV infection may be due to the altered gut microbiota accompanied by HBV infection.
Stacking Faults Defect-Rich MoNi Alloy for Ultrahigh-Performance Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Wang Yuan , Arandiyan Hamidreza , Mofarah Sajjad S. , Shen Xiangjian , Bartlett Stuart , Koshy Pramod , Sorrell Charles , Sun Hongyu , Pozo-Gonzalo Cristina , Dastafkan Kamran , Britto Sylvia , Bhargava Suresh , Zhao Chuan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Producing green hydrogen in a cost-competitive manner via water electrolysis will make the long-held dream of meeting energy needs with hydrogen instead of fossil fuel a reality. Although platinum-based catalysts show good performance towards hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), the high cost and scarce abundance challenge their economic viability for large-scale implementation. Here, we engineer high fractions of stacking fault defects in MoNi nanosheets to form a high-performance electrocatalyst (d-MoNi) through a combined chemical and thermal reduction strategy. Using d-MoNi as an electrode for HER afforded ultralow overpotential of 63 and 120 mV at current densities of -500 and -1000 mA cm-2 in 1 M KOH, respectively. Besides, the stacking fault defect-rich d-MoNi exhibits 4 orders of magnitude higher turnover frequency than benchmark 20% Pt/C, together with excellent durability (>100 h) at high current density of 1000 mA cm-2, making it one of the best-performing non-platinum catalysts for HER. The experimental and theoretical results reveal that the abundant stacking faults in d-MoNi induce a compressive strain, decreasing the proton adsorption energy and promoting the concomitant combination of adsorbed hydrogen into molecular hydrogen and the desorption of the molecular hydrogen, therefore enhancing the HER performance. This work provides a new synthetic route to engineer defective metal and metal alloy electrocatalysts for emerging applications in electrochemical energy conversion and storage.
Vaccination Coverage and associated factors among under-five children in Ethiopia: Mini Demographic and Health Survey 2019
Authors: Damete Dereje Derbew , Terefe Zerihun Alene 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background: Vaccination is also the prevention strategy for common childhood illnesses. Globally vaccines prevent millions of outbreaks of diseases and save thousands of lives each year, but vaccine-preventable diseases remain a threat. Child vaccination coverage is higher in Eastern and Southern Africa than in West and Central Africa. Nevertheless, more refined data reveal that the levels of inequality between and within countries are substantial. This study aimed to measure vaccination coverage and associated factors among under-five children in Ethiopia.
Methods: This study's data was extracted from the 2019 Ethiopia Mini Demographic and Health Survey. A weighted sample of 935 under-fives aged 12-23 months participated in the study. The STATA version 16 software was used to conduct the analysis. Backward stepwise elimination was manually applied using complex sample designs for inferential statistics and sampling weights for descriptive statistics. At the level of p-value 0.05, statistical significance was finally declared.
Results: The overall vaccination coverage in this study was 55.0%. In multivariate analysis the age of household head, (AOR = 0.617, 95% CI: 0.400- 0.954) had lower among the 41-50 age household head as compared to the 18-30 age household head. The odds of vaccination coverage were lower in the Oromia region compared with the Tigray region (AOR = 0.256, 95% CI: 0.134-0.488).
Vaccination coverage odds were lower in rural places of residence in comparison with the urban places of residence (AOR = 0.495, 95% CI: 0.315-0.779). Regarding the household wealth index, the richer wealth index (AOR = 1.791, 95% CI: 1.101-2.915) had higher odds of vaccination coverage when compared with children from the poorest wealth index.
Higher odds of vaccination coverage were found for mothers who gave birth in a health facility as compared to mothers who gave birth at home (AOR = 1.437, 95% CI: 1.083-1.907). When compared to children who did not receive postnatal care, those who did have higher odds of having received all recommended vaccinations (AOR = 2.377, 95% CI: 1.564-3.612).
Conclusion: Vaccination coverage in Ethiopia was significantly lower than the worldwide target. It shows the region, household age, place of residence, wealth index, place of delivery, and postnatal care had a statistically significant association with vaccination coverage. These findings suggest that mobile and outreach vaccination services are needed for hard-to-reach rural areas, especially pastoral and semi-pastoral areas. Furthermore, additional research may be necessary to obtain more representative regional data.
Sentiment Analysis of COVID-19 on Weibo text using optimized Bi-LSTM model
Authors: Yang Shuo 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The outbreak of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) poses a major challenge for China. Sentiment analysis of texts on social media such as Sina-Weibo in China can be useful for adjusting outbreak prevention policies and public health responses. A Bi-LSTM model based on self-attention was used to analyze 110,000 Weibo texts from February 2020 to October 2022, and a topic extraction model for Weibo texts was built using Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA). The analysis of the results revealed three key dimensions: time, space, and topic. In terms of time, sentiment among Weibo users was found to be divided into three distinct periods: Formation period, Fluctuation period, and Fading period. In terms of space, the majority of texts about the epidemic on Weibo were concentrated in several key regions, including the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, the Yangtze River Delta, the Pearl River Delta, and the ChengduChongqing urban agglomeration. Sentiment among all the provinces and regions was found to be positive, with Chongqing city and Hunan province having the most positive sentiment. In terms of topic, the main focus of discussions related to the epidemic was found to be ”Impact of COVID-19”, ”Obstacles to work” and ”Life stress”. Consequently, it is suggested that governments adjust their epidemic prevention policies to curb negative sentiment, taking into account changes in sentiment intensity and local concerns. The government is also advised to focus on implementing solutions such as ”Protection against COVID-19”, ”Deregulation”, and ”Well-being benefits for life” by implementing targeted response measures and investing in mental health resources.
Analysis of PGOT algorithm and its relaxed versions under total perturbations
Authors: Liu YongFei , Ye Chengfu , Yang Fan , Tian XiaoYue 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Partial gradient optimal thresholding (PGOT) is algorthm for sparse approximation with a dense vector, which is an integration of the partial gradient and the optimal k - thresholding technique. Previous studies of PGOT have considered the recovery of a sparse signal x through Φ and y = Φx + b where Φ is a matrix with more columns than rows and b denotes the measurement noise. However sometimes important information is stored in the dense part. In this paper, based on Restricted Isometry Property (RIP), the performance of PGOT is analyzed under total perturbations, which means both y and Φ are perturbed. For PGOT and its relaxed versions, three sufficient conditions are presented to guarantee that the sparse vector with a dense vector x is recovered. Numerical results demonstrate that the PGROTP algorithm is effificient for sparse approximation with a dense vector. Analysis of PGOT algorithm and its relaxed versions under total perturbations
Optimisation Technique For Perfect Pairing
Authors: P Rohit T , Gopalan Sasi , S Sunith V , Dinesh Amrutha , Shaheen Varsha 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Research focuses on the aspects of finding ideal pairs among ’n’ entities under specified constraints. The entities are assumed to be perfectly logical and possess quantifiable properties only. Each entity given a set of criteria is expected to rate itself to maximize its probability of being paired with another entity of desired properties. After the rating ’n’ rank lists are prepared (one per each) by the entities so as to express their preference in matchmaking. The matchmaking is done using the pairing algorithm which pairs up two entities. The pairing is done in a way that reduces the total cost of the matches. The cost of a single match is calculated by taking the sum of the rank of the first entity in the second entity’s list and the rank of the second entity in the first entity’s list. Also, the algorithm must ensure all pairings are stable, that is if a pairing is made between (e1,e2) there must not be an er such that er exists above e2 in the rank list of e1 and e2 and e1 and e2 exist above the pairing of er.
Right Ventricle Specific Therapies in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Scoping Review
Authors: Ganeriwal Simran , Anjos Gabriele Alves dos , Schleicher Mary , Hockstein Maxwell A. , Tonelli Adriano R. , Duggal Abhijit , Siuba Matthew T. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Objective:
To summarize knowledge and identify gaps in evidence regarding treatment of right ventricular dysfunction (RVD) in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).
Data Sources
We conducted a comprehensive search of MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials.
Study Selection
Studies were included if they reported effects of treatments on right ventricular function, whether or not the intent was to modify right ventricular function.
Data Extraction
Data extraction was performed independently and in duplicate by two authors. Data items included the study design, patient population, type of intervention, comparison group, and RV-specific outcomes.
Data Synthesis
Of 1,430 studies screened, 51 studies reporting on 1,526 patients were included. By frequency, the included studies examined the following interventions: ventilator settings (29.4%), inhaled medications (33.3%), extracorporeal life support (13.7%), intravenous or oral medications (13.7%) and prone positioning (9.8%). The majority of the studies were non-randomized experimental studies (53%), with the next most common being case reports (16%). Only 5.9% of studies were RCTs. In total, 27% of studies were conducted with the goal of modifying RV function.
Conclusions
Given the prevalence of RVD in ARDS and its association with mortality, the dearth of research on this topic is concerning. This review highlights the need for prospective trials aimed at treating RV dysfunction in ARDS.
The Role of Artificial Intelligence Algorithm in Predicting the Prognosis in Prolactinomas
Authors: Kara Zehra , Kimyon Özge Şahin , Bulan Batuhan , Akkaya Kübra , Sulu Cem , Demir Ahmet Numan , Uysal Serhat , Arslan Serdar , Özkaya Hande Mefkure , Kadıoğlu Pınar 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Objective
To test the utility of the artificial learning algorithms using magnetic resonance (MR) images of the pituitary gland in predicting the prognosis of prolactinoma.
Methods
This single-center, retrospective study was conducted in the Pituitary Center of a tertiary care university hospital. A total of 224 images derived from 38 patients with treatment-refractoryprolactinoma, 23 patients with prolactinoma remission and 51 healthy individualswere used. Pituitary MRI protocols are of three sequences: T1-weighted imaging (T1WI), contrast-enhanced T1WI (CE-T1), and T2-weighted imaging (T2WI). A machine learning algorithm that includes image filtering and classification. Data were classified with support vector machine.
Results
No difference was found between the refractory and the remission groups in terms of age, sex, education, the baseline prolactin level and radiological features. Images were classified with a support vector machine; area under curve (AUC), accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of 0.90 (95% confidence interval, 0.679-1), 91.6%, 91.7%, 88.3%, respectively.
Conclusion
These results indicate that a new image of unknown nature can be correctly identified with the specified percentages.
An analysis using simulation to compare several moving average techniques for time series data
Authors: HASAN MD SAKIBUR , Sarker Bishal 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
There are many smoothing techniques available, and selecting the appropriate Technique is a very important issue to achieve good smoothing performance. This study intends to compare different types of moving average smoothing techniques. The study compares the simple moving average (SMA), exponential moving average (EMA), double exponential moving average (DEMA), weighted moving average (WMA), and zero-lag exponential moving average (ZLEMA). Some error measures are mean error, mean absolute error, and mean square error. are calculated for the above smoothing techniques to compare the smoothing accuracy of these methods. The simulated data used for the study came from six different statistical distributions. The study assists in determining the best moving average smoothing method for any time series data.
WITHDRAWN: The Effect of SF6 Plasma Exposure on the Water-Repellency, Physical and Chemical Properties of the Cotton Fabric
Authors: Alali Weaam , Saffour Ziad , Saloum Saker 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Low-pressure, remote radio-frequency (RF) hollow cathode discharge (HCD-L300) SF6 plasma system has been shown to be a powerful method in cotton fabric finishing to achieve water-repellent property. This plasma was ignited at a flow rate of (200 sccm), low pressure (0.5 mbar), and radio frequency (13.56 MHz) with a power of (300 W). The contact angle was characterized as a function of the plasma exposure period, and the changes in the morphology, chemical structure, and mechanical properties as tensile strength and elongation at break of the fabric have also been investigated. In addition, weight loss of the fabric and the fastness to washing have been studied. It was found that the exposure period of the fabric to the plasma has an important influence on the water-repellency property. Moreover, a water-repellent cotton fabric has been produced in a short time of treatment (1 min). In addition, it has physical and chemical changes; physically, grooves were formed on the surface of the fibers after treatment, and chemically, the fluorine atoms were attached to the surface of the fibers.
Pop-off mechanisms as renoprotective mediators in children with posterior urethral valves: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Montero Javier Arredondo , Riveros Blanca Paola Pérez , Asfura Oscar Emilio Bueso , Martín-Calvo Nerea 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Pop-off mechanisms are potential pressure-relieving mediators in patients diagnosed with posterior urethral valves (PUV). These mechanisms include, among others, urachal persistence, urinomas, bladder diverticula and unilateral high-grade vesicoureteral reflux. The aim of this systematic review was to synthesize the existing evidence regarding the protective effect of pop-off mechanisms on renal function in children with PUV.
Methods
We conducted a systematic review of the literature that involved an extensive search in the main databases of medical bibliography. Three independent reviewers selected the relevant articles based on the previously defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Methodological quality of the selected article was rated using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale index. Data extraction was performed by three independent reviewers. We used random meta-analyses to compare different outcomes (serum creatine, Nadir serum creatinine, and renal failure) between children with PUV and pop-off mechanisms and those with PUV but without pop-off mechanisms.
Results
10 studies with data from 896 participants were included in this review. The age of the participants ranged from 0 to 25 years. Seven articles reported serum creatinine values for each group and 3 of them found significant differences between groups. The random-effects meta-analysis for serum creatinine showed significant lower mean (diff=-52.88 µmol/L [95% CI -73.65 to -32.11]) in the group of children with pop-off mechanisms, and the random-effects meta-analysis for Nadir serum creatinine showed a marginally significant lower mean in the group of children with pop-off mechanisms (diff=-12.00 µmol/L [95% CI -24.04 to 0.04]). The random-effect meta-analysis for renal failure resulted in a significant risk reduction on the group of children with pop-off mechanisms (odds ratio = 0.48 [95% CI 0.23 to 0.98]).
Conclusions
Children with PUV and pop-off mechanisms show better renal function and lower risk of renal failure than those with PUV but without pop-off mechanisms suggesting these mechanisms may act as renoprotective mediums. The high heterogeneity between studies in the assessment of renal function and long-term outcomes compel to interpret these findings with caution. Future studies that stratify by the different types of pop-off mechanisms and use standardized metrics, such as Nadir creatinine are needed.
How do Households Cope during Aggregate Shocks? Evidence from the 2009-2015 Oil Crisis in Nigeria
Authors: Animashaun Jubril , Wossink Ada 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

The effect of global oil price fluctuations on households’ costs of living in Nigeria is examined. We extend a simplified model of the microeconomic implication of macroeconomic shocks that allows for cross-sectional heterogeneity in households’ distributions and consumption preferences. First, we show the effect of global oil price shocks heterogeneously varies depending on households’ preferences and consumption bundles. Second, due to the oil economies' enclave nature, we show that shocks would create a specific distributional effect that is more pronounced on households closely related to the oil economy. For the empirical analysis, we use oil prices between the years 2009 to 2015 and micro-level data from the Nigerian General Household Survey (GHS) collected between 2010 and 2016 in Nigeria. Our empirical results confirm our prediction: oil prices have a differential effect depending on how closely the regional economy is tied to oil production. We also find evidence supporting consumption substitution strategies, adjustments in household size, and labor supply as some coping responses to oil price changes.
JEL: D1, O12, O55