bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bandgap engineered 1.48 eV GaAs0.95P0.05 solar cell with enhanced efficiency using double BSF layer
Authors: Verma Manish , Routray S , Sahoo Girija Shanker , Mishra Guru Prasad 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
One of the most important criteria to design more than 30% efficient III–V compound/Si based dual junction solar cell is that we must design atleast 20% efficient III–V compound material top cell. In this regard, we designed a bandgap engineered GaAs0.95P0.05 single junction solar cell with reduced bandgap of (E

g
) = 1.48 eV. Reducing the bandgap from 1.72 eV to 1.48 eV for GaAs0.95P0.05 cell leads to generate higher short circuit current, while having the tradeoff with the open circuit voltage. Due to small change in lattice constant of GaAs0.95P0.05 cell, some recombination is observed near the junction area. Although the minimal degradation is observed in open circuit voltage, the higher short circuit current drives the overall efficiency of the GaAs0.95P0.05 single junction solar cell. The designed solar cell provides an extended internal absorption for longer wavelength of spectrum. The high electron mobility of 8500 cm2 V–S−1 was observed with very high electron to hole mobility ratio of 21.25. The optimization of the cell is done using two back surface field layers (AlInP and AlGaInP) of higher bandgap material. The high short circuit current density of J

SC
= 25.93 mA cm−2 with V

OC
= 1.1635 V achieved by the designed cell with the highest efficiency of η = 25%. The solar cell is irradiated under 1-Sun solar irradiation in the AM1.5 G environment providing 1000 W m−2 of power spectral density. The External and Internal Quantum efficiency of more than 95% is achieved by the designed solar cell.
Helium-induced damage in MAB phase MoAlB and Fe2AlB2: first-principles simulation
Authors: Su Shiming , Zhang Chonghong 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Similar to Mn+1AXn (MAX, M: transition metal, A: A group element, X: C or N, n = 1 ∼ 3) phase materials, MAB (M: transition metal, A: A group element, B: B) phases also exhibit excellent comprehensive mechanical and thermal properties that are applicable to future nuclear reactors. The origination and growth conditions of He bubbles under irradiation in MAB phase MoAlB and Fe2AlB2 have been calculated through first-principles theory in this work. In general, Fe2AlB2 may present lower single/di-vacancy formation energies and a consequent higher He bubble number density. The final He bubble shape and comparative average size of MoAlB and Fe2AlB2 have been predicted as well. In MoAlB there will form large platelet-like He bubbles and small spherical ones. In Fe2AlB2 there will form spherical He bubbles with different sizes. These He bubbles can all further link via interlayer vacancies into string-like shape. Fe2AlB2 also possesses higher He-induced embrittlement tendency than MoAlB.
Relationship between characteristics of large national regions and individual alcohol consumption: a scoping review
Authors: Maksimov Sergey A , Danilchenko Yana V , Tsygankova Darya P , Shalnova Svetlana A , Drapkina Oksana M 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjective: The goal of our article was to systematise studies that investigated the impact of living conditions in large national regions on individual alcohol consumption. Methods: The objectives of the scoping review, the criteria and methods for selecting articles were defined in advance and recorded in the protocol PROSPERO CRD42021234874. We sought publications on the research topic in PubMed, Google Scholar, OpenGrey, Crossref and eLibrary databases from the moment they were created until December 31, 2021. The final sample included 81 publications. Results: The majority of ultimately selected papers were published after 2010 (62 articles), represented the USA (68 articles), and considered samples of children and youths, either the younger population or the general adult population (65 articles). High quality was characteristic for 19 studies, whereas satisfactory quality was exhibited by 46 publications. The most consistent associations with individual alcohol consumption were revealed for the legislative environment (especially for integral scales and indices), alcohol pricing policy, the prevalence of alcohol consumption and binge drinking in the population, and unemployment rate. Conclusion: The review made it possible to systematise the results of studies on the impact of the characteristics of large national regions on alcohol consumption, including a description of these characteristics and results, samples and designs of studies, their quality, as well as to summarise the results of these studies.
There is no aesthetic experience of the genuine
Authors: Windsor Mark 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Many hold that aesthetic appreciation is sensitive to the authenticity or genuineness of an object. In a recent body of work, Carolyn Korsmeyer has defended the claim that genuineness itself is an aesthetic property. Korsmeyer’s aim is to explain our aesthetic appreciation of objects that afford a sense of being ‘in touch with the past’. In this paper, I argue that genuineness cannot explain our appreciation of these objects. There is no aesthetic experience of the genuine.
AGRN: accurate gene regulatory network inference using ensemble machine learning methods
Authors: Alawad Duaa Mohammad , Katebi Ataur , Kabir Md Wasi Ul , Hoque Md Tamjidul 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMotivationBiological processes are regulated by underlying genes and their interactions that form gene regulatory networks (GRNs). Dysregulation of these GRNs can cause complex diseases such as cancer, Alzheimer’s and diabetes. Hence, accurate GRN inference is critical for elucidating gene function, allowing for the faster identification and prioritization of candidate genes for functional investigation. Several statistical and machine learning-based methods have been developed to infer GRNs based on biological and synthetic datasets. Here, we developed a method named AGRN that infers GRNs by employing an ensemble of machine learning algorithms.ResultsFrom the idea that a single method may not perform well on all datasets, we calculate the gene importance scores using three machine learning methods—random forest, extra tree and support vector regressors. We calculate the importance scores from Shapley Additive Explanations, a recently published method to explain machine learning models. We have found that the importance scores from Shapley values perform better than the traditional importance scoring methods based on almost all the benchmark datasets. We have analyzed the performance of AGRN using the datasets from the DREAM4 and DREAM5 challenges for GRN inference. The proposed method, AGRN—an ensemble machine learning method with Shapley values, outperforms the existing methods both in the DREAM4 and DREAM5 datasets. With improved accuracy, we believe that AGRN inferred GRNs would enhance our mechanistic understanding of biological processes in health and disease.Availabilityand implementationhttps://github.com/DuaaAlawad/AGRN.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
SAINT-Angle: self-attention augmented inception-inside-inception network and transfer learning improve protein backbone torsion angle prediction
Authors: Hasan A K M Mehedi , Ahmed Ajmain Yasar , Mahbub Sazan , Rahman M Saifur , Bayzid Md Shamsuzzoha 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Motivation
Protein structure provides insight into how proteins interact with one another as well as their functions in living organisms. Protein backbone torsion angles (ϕ and ψ) prediction is a key sub-problem in predicting protein structures. However, reliable determination of backbone torsion angles using conventional experimental methods is slow and expensive. Therefore, considerable effort is being put into developing computational methods for predicting backbone angles.

Results
We present SAINT-Angle, a highly accurate method for predicting protein backbone torsion angles using a self-attention-based deep learning network called SAINT, which was previously developed for the protein secondary structure prediction. We extended and improved the existing SAINT architecture as well as used transfer learning to predict backbone angles. We compared the performance of SAINT-Angle with the state-of-the-art methods through an extensive evaluation study on a collection of benchmark datasets, namely, TEST2016, TEST2018, TEST2020-HQ, CAMEO and CASP. The experimental results suggest that our proposed self-attention-based network, together with transfer learning, has achieved notable improvements over the best alternate methods.

Availability and implementation
SAINT-Angle is freely available as an open-source project at https://github.com/bayzidlab/SAINT-Angle.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics Advances online.
Uptake of tumour necrosis factor-alpha inhibitor biosimilars for psoriasis: a drug utilization study from the British Association of Dermatologists Biologic and Immunomodulators Register (BADBIR)
Authors: Phan Duc Binh , Bewley Anthony P , Smith Catherine H , Mackenzie Teena , Griffiths Christopher E M , Lunt Mark , Warren Richard B , Yiu Zenas Z N 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background
Tumour necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors (TNFi) have revolutionized the treatment of moderate-to-severe psoriasis. Following patent expiry of the originator biologics, TNFi biosimilars became available, presenting the opportunity for significant reductions in drug costs.

Objectives
To describe the uptake of TNFi biosimilars for psoriasis treatment in the UK and Ireland.

Methods
This observational cohort study utilizes data from the British Association of Dermatologists Biologic and Immunomodulators Register (BADBIR), a national pharmacovigilance study register for patients with psoriasis on systemic treatments. We analysed biosimilar uptake trends over time in nine geographical regions of England along with Wales, Scotland, Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland. We assessed the incidence of switching to biosimilars in an originator-user cohort (switchers). Patients on originators infliximab, etanercept and adalimumab at the time originator patents expired, entered the cohort on 1 February 2015, August 2015 and October 2018, respectively, and were followed up until 31 October 2021. Trends in biosimilar initiations were assessed in an adalimumab-naïve cohort who started adalimumab between 1 October 2018 and 31 July 2019 (starters). We assessed the associations between patient factors and originator-to-biosimilar switching and biosimilar initiation using a multivariable Cox regression model and a multivariable logistic regression model, respectively.

Results
Included in the originator-user cohort were 4202 patients (209 on infliximab, 742 on etanercept and 3251 on adalimumab). For infliximab, etanercept and adalimumab, respectively, the cumulative incidence of originator-to-biosimilar switching increased with time to 14.8%, 23.6% and 66.6% after 3 years. Across geographical regions, 3-year switching rates varied from 0% to 43.7% for infliximab; from 0% to 40.4% for etanercept; and from 12.5% to 84.3% for adalimumab. Out of the 528 patients included in the adalimumab-naïve cohort, 67.8% started on biosimilars. Originator-to-biosimilar switching and biosimilar initiation were more common in men and in patients who had lower Psoriasis Area and Severity Index at cohort entry.

Conclusions
The uptake of biosimilars increased over time and varied considerably across the UK and Ireland; adalimumab had the highest biosimilar uptake rate compared with that of other TNFi drugs.
Reduced Serological Response to COVID-19 Booster Vaccine is Associated with Reduced B Cell Memory in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease; VARIATION [VAriability in Response in IBD AgainsT SARS-COV-2 ImmunisatiON]
Authors: Doherty Jayne , O’Morain Neil , Stack Roisin , Tosetto Miriam , Inzitiari Rosanna , O’Reilly Sophie , Gu Lili , Sheridan Juliette , Cullen Garret , Mc Dermott Edel , Buckley Maire , Horgan Gareth , Mulcahy Hugh , Walshe Margaret , Ryan Elizabeth J , Gautier Virginie , Prostko John , Frias Edwin , Daghfal David , Doran Peter , O’Morain Colm , Doherty Glen A 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background and Aims
Patients with inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] have an attenuated response to initial COVID-19 vaccination. We sought to characterize the impact of IBD and its treatment on responses after the third vaccine against SARS-CoV-2.

Methods
This was a prospective multicentre observational study of patients with IBD [n = 202] and healthy controls [HC, n = 92]. Serological response to vaccination was assessed by quantification of anti-spike protein [SP] immunoglobulin [Ig]G levels [anti-SPIgG] and in vitro neutralization of binding to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 [ACE2]. Peripheral blood B-cell phenotype populations were assessed by flow cytometry. SARS-CoV-2 antigen-specific B-cell responses were assessed in ex vivo culture.

Results
Median anti-SP IgG post-third vaccination in our IBD cohort was significantly lower than HCs [7862 vs 19 622 AU/mL, p &lt; 0.001] as was ACE2 binding inhibition [p &lt; 0.001]. IBD patients previously infected with COVID-19 [30%] had similar quantitative antibody response as HCs previously infected with COVID-19 [p = 0.12]. Lowest anti-SP IgG titres and neutralization were seen in IBD patients on anti-tumour necrosis factor [anti-TNF] agents, without prior COVID-19 infection, but all IBD patients show an attenuated vaccine response compared to HCs. Patients with IBD have reduced memory B-cell populations and attenuated B-cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 antigens if not previously infected with COVID-19 [p = 0.01]. Higher anti-TNF drug levels and zinc levels &lt;65 ng/ml were associated with significantly lower serological responses.

Conclusions
Patients with IBD have an attenuated response to three doses of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. Physicians should consider patients with higher anti-TNF drug levels and/or zinc deficiency as potentially at higher risk of attenuated response to vaccination.
Tree canopy cover and elevation affect the distribution of red harvester ant nests in a peri-urban setting
Authors: Elliott-Vidaurri Lilly V , Martinez Isabel , Pereira Engil , Penn Hannah J , Choudhury Robin A 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
With an increase in human population over the past 30 years, regional land use in south Texas has shifted from grassland and shrubland to a peri-urban matrix. Despite this shift from natural areas to more anthropogenically modified habitats, native red harvester ants (Pogonomyrmex barbatus) have maintained nest sites within parts of these matrices. To determine which habitat characteristics in a peri-urban landscape may play a role in red harvester ant nest site selection, we mapped the location of nests in 2020 and 2021. We then evaluated nest presence and absence relative to elevation, percentage of surrounding impervious surfaces, distance to roadways, and tree canopy cover (using NDVI). For a sub-sample of the study site, we also measured soil moisture and estimated the potential foraging area per colony with Voronoi tessellation. We found that nests were clustered together near high human-use areas such as athletic fields, lawns, sidewalks, and railroad tracks. Nests were more likely to be found in areas with higher elevation and lower tree canopy cover, with no impact from surrounding impervious surfaces or soil moisture. In fact, many nests were observed immediately adjacent to roadways and in paved parking lots. Red harvester ants are highly adept at nesting in disturbed, urbanized matrices, but still appear to be constrained by certain environmental factors like shading, potential flood risk (elevation), and access to food resources (foraging area).
Impact of body mass on P2Y12-inhibitor de-escalation in acute coronary syndromes—a substudy of the TROPICAL-ACS trial
Authors: Komócsi András , Merkely Béla , Hadamitzky Martin , Massberg Steffen , Rizas Konstantinos D , Hein-Rothweiler Ralph , Gross Lisa , Trenk Dietmar , Sibbing Dirk , Aradi Dániel 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Aims
Clinical guidelines recommend de-escalation antiplatelet strategies to reduce bleeding risk in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients, albeit with a weak recommendation. This substudy of the TROPICAL-ACS trial aimed to determine the impact of body mass on the efficacy of a platelet function testing-guided de-escalation regimen in ACS patients after percutaneous coronary intervention.

Methods and results
Patients were randomized to prasugrel (control group) or a platelet function testing-guided regimen with clopidogrel or prasugrel defined after 1-week clopidogrel. The primary endpoint was the net clinical benefit [cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, stroke, or Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) 2–5 bleeding] for 12 months. Overweight was defined as a body mass index &gt;25 kg/m2.
Patients without overweight showed a significant net clinical benefit from the de-escalation strategy, while in overweight cases de-escalation was comparable to prasugrel treatment [hazard ratio (HR): 0.52; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.31–0.88; P = 0.013 and HR: 0.95; 95% CI: 0.69–1.31, P = 0.717, P-non-inferiority = 0.03, respectively, P-interaction = 0.053]. The benefit of de-escalation in terms of the risk of bleeding or of the ischaemic events did not reach statistical significance. Bleeding events with de-escalation were less frequent in non-overweight patients but comparable in overweight patients (HR: 0.55; 95% CI: 0.30–1.03; P = 0.057 and HR: 0.95; 95% CI: 0.64–1.41, respectively, P-interaction = 0.147). Non-overweight patients had lower ischaemic event rates with de-escalation, while overweight cases had slightly less (HR: 0.47; 95% CI: 0.18–1.25; P = 0.128 and HR: 0.89; 95% CI: 0.53–1.50, respectively, P-interaction = 0.261).

Conclusion
The strategy of guided dual antiplatelet therapy de-escalation was associated with a significant net clinical benefit in non-overweight patients, while the two strategies were equivalent in overweight patients.
The Intergenerational Transmission of World War I on Female Labour
Authors: Gay Victor 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDemographic shocks tied to World War I’s high death toll induced many women to enter the labour force in the immediate post-war period. I document a positive impact of these newly employed women on the labour force participation of subsequent generations of women until today. I also find that the war permanently altered attitudes toward the role of women in the labour force. I decompose this impact into three channels of intergenerational transmission: transmission from mothers to daughters, transmission from mothers-in-law to daughters-in-law via their sons and transmission through local social interactions.
Ruminococcus gnavus: friend or foe for human health
Authors: Crost Emmanuelle H , Coletto Erika , Bell Andrew , Juge Nathalie 
Published: April 2023

AbstractRuminococcus gnavus was first identified in 1974 as a strict anaerobe in the gut of healthy individuals, and for several decades, its study has been limited to specific enzymes or bacteriocins. With the advent of metagenomics, R. gnavus has been associated both positively and negatively with an increasing number of intestinal and extraintestinal diseases from inflammatory bowel diseases to neurological disorders. This prompted renewed interest in understanding the adaptation mechanisms of R. gnavus to the gut, and the molecular mediators affecting its association with health and disease. From ca. 250 publications citing R. gnavus since 1990, 94% were published in the last 10 years. In this review, we describe the biological characterization of R. gnavus, its occurrence in the infant and adult gut microbiota and the factors influencing its colonization of the gastrointestinal tract; we also discuss the current state of our knowledge on its role in host health and disease. We highlight gaps in knowledge and discuss the hypothesis that differential health outcomes associated with R. gnavus in the gut are strain and niche specific.
Nuclear genetic background influences the phenotype of the Drosophila tko25t mitochondrial protein-synthesis mutant
Authors: Jacobs Howard T , Tuomela Tea , Lillsunde Päivi 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The Drosophila tko25t point mutation in the gene encoding mitoribosomal protein S12 produces a complex phenotype of multiple respiratory chain deficiency, developmental delay, bang-sensitivity, impaired hearing, sugar and antibiotic sensitivity, and impaired male courtship. Its phenotypic severity was previously shown to be alleviated by inbreeding and to vary with mitochondrial genetic background. Here, we show similarly profound effects conferred by nuclear genetic background. We backcrossed tko25t into each of 2 standard nuclear backgrounds, Oregon R and w1118, the latter used as recipient line in many transgenic applications requiring selection for the white minigene marker. In the w1118 background, tko25t flies showed a moderate developmental delay and modest bang-sensitivity. In the Oregon R background, males showed longer developmental delay and more severe bang-sensitivity, and we were initially unable to produce homozygous tko25t females in sufficient numbers to conduct a meaningful analysis. When maintained as a balanced stock over 2 years, tko25t flies in the Oregon R background showed clear phenotypic improvement though were still more severely affected than in the w1118 background. Phenotypic severity did not correlate with the expression level of the tko gene. Analysis of tko25t hybrids between the 2 backgrounds indicated that phenotypic severity was conferred by autosomal, X-chromosomal, and parent-of-origin-dependent determinants. Although some of these effects may be tko25t specific, we recommend that, in order to minimize genetic drift and confounding background effects, the genetic background of nonlethal mutants should be controlled by regular backcrossing, even if stocks are usually maintained over a balancer chromosome.
Quantifying Vulnerability to Poverty in the Drought-prone Lowlands of Ethiopia
Authors: Skoufias Emmanuel , Vinha Katja , Beyene Berhe Mekonnen 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
A forward-looking measure of ‘vulnerability to poverty’ is estimated and a concerted effort is made to understand the sources of vulnerability in the drought-prone lowlands of Ethiopia. Using the Household Consumption Expenditure Survey and the Welfare Monitoring Survey of 2015–16, which include additional zones in the Afar and Somali regions increasing the representativeness of the survey in pastoral areas, the analysis reveals that vulnerability is remarkably higher in the drought-prone lowlands than in the other ecological zones, even though differences in poverty rates are modest. The analysis also reveals important distinctions in the sources of vulnerability. In the drought-prone lowlands, (i) the prevalence of both poverty-induced and risk-induced vulnerability is the highest among all the ecological zones and (ii) the importance of vulnerability due to aggregate shocks, such as droughts, relative to vulnerability due to idiosyncratic shocks is higher than in the other ecological zones. These findings attest to the unique nature of the drought-prone lowlands in comparison to the other agroecological zones of Ethiopia and the need for adaptive social protection programmes targeting not only the chronically poor but also the vulnerable.