bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stabilization of the Alkylammonium Cations in Halide Perovskite Thin Films by Water‐Mediated Proton Transfer
Authors: Park Byung‐wook , Kim Jincheol , Shin Tae Joo , Kim Yung Sam , Kim Min Gyu , Seok Sang Il 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe development of alkylammonium lead trihalide perovskite (ALHP) photovoltaics has grown rapidly over the past decade. However, there are remaining critical challenges, such as proton defects, which can lead to the material instability of ALHPs. Although specific strategies, including the use of halide additives, have significantly reduced the defects, a fundamental understanding of the defect passivation mechanism remains elusive. Herein, an approach and mechanism for minimizing proton defects in ALHP crystals by adding ionized halides to the perovskite precursor solution are reported. This work clarifies that the ionized halides induced proton transfer from H2O to the alkylammonium cation in the precursor solution, stabilizing the ALHP crystals. The fundamental characteristics of ALHP and its precursors are examined by X‐ray diffraction, transmittance electron microscopy, in situ extended X‐ray absorption fine structure, Fourier transform NMR spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The findings from this work will guide the development of highly stable ALHP crystals, enabling efficient and stable optoelectronic ALHP devices.
The Progress in the Electrolytes for Solid State Sodium‐Ion Battery
Authors: Liu Qi , Zhao Xiaohan , Yang Qiang , Hou Lijuan , Mu Daobin , Tan Guoqiang , Li Li , Chen Renjie , Wu Feng 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSodium as the closest analogue of lithium in periodic table is attracting intense interest as a potential replacement, in the hope that Na+ offers similar intercalation chemistries in electrode hosts at much lower cost. Sodium‐ion battery is an alternative choice to meet the large‐scale electrical energy storage and also able to be used to store the electricity generated by solar cells and wind turbines as a green, renewable energy source. The use of solid electrolytes to replace the organic electrolyte is an alternative to improve the safety and avoid liquid leakage. The detailed and comprehensive research progress for sodium‐ion battery solid electrolyte is summarized. The recent research reveals that the chemical composition and crystal structure of electrolytes profoundly affects the cell performance in many aspects. The room temperature ionic conductivity for solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) is generally lower than ≈10−5 S cm−1. Gel polymer electrolyte (GPE) yields acceptable ionic conductivity as the transition between liquid electrolyte and all‐solid electrolyte. There also has groundbreaking progress of inorganic solid electrolyte chemistries exhibiting superionic Na+ conductivities. However, their interphasial chemistries are the emphasis to break through. In the future, exciting breakthroughs in solid electrolytes and interphasial chemistries should be made in those fields.
Isolated Metalloid Tellurium Atomic Cluster on Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon Nanosheet for High‐Capacity Rechargeable Lithium‐CO2 Battery
Authors: Wang Ke , Liu Dongyu , Liu Limin , Li Xinyang , Wu Hu , Sun Zongjie , Li Mingtao , Vasenko Andrey S. , Ding Shujiang , Wang Fengmei , Xiao Chunhui 
Published: January 2023

AbstractRechargeable Li‐CO2 battery represents a sustainable technology by virtue of CO2 recyclability and energy storage capability. Unfortunately, the sluggish mass transport and electron transfer in bulky high‐crystalline discharge product of Li2CO3, severely hinder its practical capacity and rechargeability. Herein, a heterostructure of isolated metalloid Te atomic cluster anchored on N‐doped carbon nanosheets is designed (TeAC@NCNS) as a metal‐free cathode for Li‐CO2 battery. X‐ray absorption spectroscopy analysis demonstrates that the abundant and dispersed Te active centers can be stabilized by C atoms in form of the covalent bond. The fabricated battery shows an unprecedented full‐discharge capacity of 28.35 mAh cm−2 at 0.05 mA cm−2 and long‐term cycle life of up to 1000 h even at a high cut‐off capacity of 1 mAh cm−2. A series of ex situ characterizations combined with theoretical calculations demonstrate that the abundant Te atomic clusters acting as active centers can drive the electron redistribution of carbonate via forming TeO bonds, giving rise to poor‐crystalline Li2CO3 film during the discharge process. Moreover, the efficient electron transfer between the Te centers and intermediate species is energetically beneficial for nucleation and accelerates the decomposition of Li2CO3 on the TeAC@NCNS during the discharge/charge process.
Single Atom‐Doped Nanosonosensitizers for Mutually Optimized Sono/Chemo‐Nanodynamic Therapy of Triple Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Chen Qiqing , Zhang Min , Huang Hui , Dong Caihong , Dai Xinyue , Feng Guiying , Lin Ling , Sun Dandan , Yang Dayan , Xie Lin , Chen Yu , Guo Jia , Jing Xiangxiang 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSonodynamic therapy (SDT) represents a promising therapeutic modality for treating breast cancer, which relies on the generation of abundant reactive oxygen species (ROS) to induce oxidative stress damage. However, mutant breast cancers, especially triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC), have evolved to acquire specific antioxidant defense functions, significantly limiting the killing efficiency of SDT. Herein, the authors have engineered a distinct single copper atom‐doped titanium dioxide (Cu/TiO2) nanosonosensitizer with highly catalytic and sonosensitive activities for synergistic chemodynamic and sonodynamic treatment of TNBC. The single‐atom Cu is anchored on the most stable Ti vacancies of hollow TiO2 sonosensitizers, which not only substantially improved the catalytic activity of Cu‐mediated Fenton‐like reaction, but also considerably augmented the sonodynamic efficiency of TiO2 by facilitating the separation of electrons (e−) and holes (h+). Both the in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrate that the engineered single atom‐doped nanosonosensitizers effectively achieved the significantly inhibitory effect of TNBC, providing a therapeutic paradigm for non‐invasive and safe tumor elimination through the mutual process of sono/chemo‐nanodynamic therapy based on multifunctional single‐atom nanosonosensitizers.
A Liquid Crystal Ionomer‐Type Electrolyte toward Ordering‐Induced Regulation for Highly Reversible Zinc Ion Battery
Authors: Yuan Du , Li Xin , Yao Hong , Li Yuhang , Zhu Xiaobo , Zhao Jin , Zhang Haitao , Zhang Yizhou , Jie Ernest Tang Jun , Cai Yi , Srinivasan Madhavi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractNovel electrolyte is being pursued toward exploring Zn chemistry in zinc ion batteries. Here, a fluorine‐free liquid crystal (LC) ionomer‐type zinc electrolyte is presented, achieving simultaneous regulated water activity and long‐range ordering of conduction channels and SEI. Distinct from water network or local ordering in current advances, long‐range ordering of layered water channels is realized. Via manipulating water activity, conductivities range from ≈0.34 to 15 mS cm−1, and electrochemical window can be tuned from ≈2.3–4.3 V. The Zn|Zn symmetric cell with LC gel exhibits highly reversible Zn stripping/plating at 5 mA cm−2 and 5 mAh cm−2 for 800 h, with retained ordering of water channels. The capability of gel for inducing in situ formation of long‐range ordered layer SEI associated with alkylbenzene sulfonate anion is uncovered. V2O5/Zn cell with the gel shows much improved cycling stability comparing to conventional zinc electrolytes, where the preserved structure of V2O5 is associated with the efficiently stabilized Zn anode by the gel. Via long‐range ordering‐induced regulation on ion transport, electrochemical stability, and interfacial reaction, the development of LC electrolyte provides a pathway toward advancing aqueous rechargeable batteries.
Cellulose‐Based Radiative Cooling and Solar Heating Powers Ionic Thermoelectrics
Authors: Liao Mingna , Banerjee Debashree , Hallberg Tomas , Åkerlind Christina , Alam Md Mehebub , Zhang Qilun , Kariis Hans , Zhao Dan , Jonsson Magnus P. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCellulose opens for sustainable materials suitable for radiative cooling thanks to inherent high thermal emissivity combined with low solar absorptance. When desired, solar absorptance can be introduced by additives such as carbon black. However, such materials still shows high thermal emissivity and therefore performs radiative cooling that counteracts the heating process if exposed to the sky. Here, this is addressed by a cellulose‐carbon black composite with low mid‐infrared (MIR) emissivity and corresponding suppressed radiative cooling thanks to a transparent IR‐reflecting indium tin oxide coating. The resulting solar heater provides opposite optical properties in both the solar and thermal ranges compared to the cooler material in the form of solar‐reflecting electrospun cellulose. Owing to these differences, exposing the two materials to the sky generated spontaneous temperature differences, as used to power an ionic thermoelectric device in both daytime and nighttime. The study characterizes these effects in detail using solar and sky simulators and through outdoor measurements. Using the concept to power ionic thermoelectric devices shows thermovoltages of >60 mV and 10 °C temperature differences already at moderate solar irradiance of ≈400 W m−2.
Dual Strategies of Metal Preintercalation and In Situ Electrochemical Oxidization Operating on MXene for Enhancement of Ion/Electron Transfer and Zinc‐Ion Storage Capacity in Aqueous Zinc‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Li Zhonglin , Wei Yifan , Liu Yongyao , Yan Shuai , Wu Mingyan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAs an emerging two‐dimensional material, MXenes exhibit enormous potentials in the fields of energy storage and conversion, due to their superior conductivity, effective surface chemistry, accordion‐like layered structure, and numerous ordered nanochannels. However, interlayer accumulation and chemical sluggishness of structural elements have hampered the demonstration of the superiorities of MXenes. By metal preintercalation and in situ electrochemical oxidization strategies on V2CTx, MXene has enlarged its interplanar spacing and excited the outermost vanadium atoms to achieve frequent transfer and high storage capacity of Zn ions in aqueous zinc‐ion batteries (ZIBs). Benefiting from the synergistic effects of these strategies, the resulting VOx/Mn–V2C electrode exhibits the high capacity of 530 mA h g−1 at 0.1 A g−1, together with a remarkable energy density of 415 W h kg−1 and a power density of 5500 W kg−1. Impressively, the electrode delivers excellent cycling stability with Coulombic efficiency of nearly 100% in 2000 cycles at 5 A g−1. The satisfactory electrochemical performances bear comparison with those in reported vanadium‐based and MXene‐based aqueous ZIBs. This work provides a new methodology for safe preparation of outstanding vanadium‐based electrodes and extends the applications of MXenes in the energy storage field.
Thermal effect optimization endows a selective and stable PdCu single atom alloy catalyst for acetylene hydrogenation
Authors: Xu Xingjun , Wang Qian , Xie Lulu , Liu Yanan , Li Dianqing , Feng Junting , Duan Xue 
Published: January 2023

AbstractHere, we proposed a universal approach to solve a seesaw relationship between thermal effect control and conversion efficiency in strong exothermic acetylene hydrogenation by constructing Pd‐based single atom alloy (SAA), in which Cu was chosen as host atom and heat transfer agent. Lower desorption energy of *C2H4 intermediate on isolated Pd atoms greatly improved ethylene selectivity. Notably, this excellent performance was well maintained, even at extremely low space velocity, implying the thermal effect was effectively controlled. On one hand, the heat generation rate over single active site was largely decreased. On another hand, host Cu atoms with proper continuity degree endowed the SAA with attractive lattice heat capacity and phonon scattering rate, which ensured the instant heat transfer from Pd atoms to the surroundings. The optimized performance (conversion 90.7% and selectivity 95.8%) was stably operated for 270 h under GHSV = 2400 h−1.
Efficient one‐pot tandem conversion of saccharides to 2,5‐dimethylfuran by adjusting the wettability of 2DMOF catalysts
Authors: Hou Xuemeng , Zhong Yao , Xiao Jingjing , Wang Jun , Cai Jianxin , Zeng Zheling , Deng Shuguang , Deng Qiang 
Published: January 2023

AbstractOne‐pot multiple tandem synthesis of DMF from biomass saccharides including monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides is of great importance for biomass fuels and chemicals. Due to the complexity of reactions, current catalytic systems often suffer from inferior activity, low yield, and harsh reaction conditions. Here, a Pd‐supported hydrophobic acidic 2DMOF (Pd/NUS‐PhSO3H‐Ph) was first prepared by continuous grafting of benzenesulfonic acid and tert‐butylbenzene groups followed by Pd impregnation methods. It shows catalytic efficiency for the DMF synthesis from saccharides under the reduction of polymethylhydrosiloxane (PMHS), which are previously unattainable in all reported catalysts. Controlled experiments and detailed characterizations show that hydrophobic 2D nanosheet structure promotes the wettability of feedstocks and intermediates for the active sites. This work proposes a new door toward an efficient and facile synthesis of DMF via designing a powerful 2DMOF‐based catalyst with cooperative acid‐hydrogenation catalysis.
Allosteric Regulation of Aptamer Affinity through Mechano‐Chemical Coupling**
Authors: Qu Hao , Zheng Manyi , Ma Qihui , Wang Lu , Mao Yu , Eisenstein Michael , Tom Soh Hyongsok , Zheng Lei 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe capacity to precisely modulate aptamer affinity is important for a wide variety of applications. However, most such engineering strategies entail laborious trial‐and‐error testing or require prior knowledge of an aptamer's structure and ligand‐binding domain. We describe here a simple and generalizable strategy for allosteric modulation of aptamer affinity by employing a double‐stranded molecular clamp that destabilizes aptamer secondary structure through mechanical tension. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach with a thrombin‐binding aptamer and show that we can alter its affinity by as much as 65‐fold. We also show that this modulation can be rendered reversible by introducing a restriction enzyme cleavage site into the molecular clamp domain and describe a design strategy for achieving even more finely‐tuned affinity modulation. This strategy requires no prior knowledge of the aptamer's structure and binding mechanism and should thus be generalizable across aptamers.
Serum Urate–Lowering Efficacy and Safety of Tigulixostat in Gout Patients With Hyperuricemia: A Randomized, Double‐Blind, Placebo‐Controlled, Dose‐Finding Trial
Authors: Terkeltaub Robert , Lee Jisoo , Min Jiyoung , Shin Seonghye , Saag Kenneth G. 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveTo evaluate the safety and efficacy of the nonpurine xanthine oxidase inhibitor tigulixostat for lowering serum urate level in gout patients with hyperuricemia.MethodsWe conducted a multicenter, phase II, randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, parallel‐group, dose‐finding trial. After screening, gout patients with hyperuricemia were randomly assigned, after appropriate washout, to receive daily oral administration of 50 mg, 100 mg, or 200 mg of tigulixostat, or placebo for 12 weeks. Colchicine gout flare prophylaxis was administered to all patients. The primary end point was the proportion of patients with a serum urate level <5.0 mg/dl at week 12.ResultsA total of 143 patients were randomized to receive tigulixostat 50 mg (n = 34), 100 mg (n = 38), or 200 mg (n = 37), or placebo (n = 34). A significantly greater proportion of patients in the tigulixostat groups achieved the target serum urate level <5.0 mg/dl at week 12 (47.1% in the 50 mg group, 44.7% in the 100 mg group, and 62.2% in the 200 mg group) compared to the placebo group (2.9%) (P < 0.0001). The mean percentage change in serum urate level from baseline was also significantly greater in the tigulixostat groups (−38.8% to −61.8%) than in the placebo group at all time points (P < 0.0001). The rate of gout flares requiring rescue treatment ranged from 9.4% to 13.2% in the tigulixostat and placebo groups. The incidence of adverse events was 50.0% to 56.8% across all groups, and their severity was mild or moderate.ConclusionTigulixostat significantly lowered serum urate compared to placebo at all doses studied with an acceptable safety profile.
A new method of learning the function of the extraocular muscles
Authors: Zhuang Ruinan , Sun Heng , Bian Hui 
Published: January 2023

AbstractUnderstanding and memorizing the primary, secondary, and tertiary functions of the vertical recti and oblique extraocular muscles play a decisive role in correctly diagnosing various types of strabismus, determining the location of nervous system lesions, and formulating correct treatment plans. However, for beginners, rapid learning, memorization, and application of these extraocular muscle functions are challenging. To improve the teaching of strabismus in ophthalmology and help students overcome the core learning difficulties, our team developed a gesture method based on a functional diagram of the extraocular muscles and a corresponding rhyme to teach clinical medicine students. The effects of the gesture method were determined by using in‐class quizzes and self‐confidence levels. Students’ evaluations of the gesture method were assessed using a questionnaire survey. The gesture method significantly improved the mean scores on the tests (4.85 ± 1.65 vs. 6.31 ± 1.87 vs. 6.80 ± 1.45, all p < 0.001) and self‐confidence scores (20.83 ± 4.06 vs. 27.38 ± 4.88 vs. 28.69 ± 3.53, all p < 0.001) of the students. The evaluations showed that the students were satisfied with the auxiliary memorization learning method. This new method could help students better understand and remember the function of the extraocular muscles, and is a valuable auxiliary teaching strategy.
Risk of diabetes mellitus among users of immune checkpoint inhibitors: A population‐based cohort study
Authors: Chan Jeffrey Shi Kai , Lee Sharen , Kong Dicken , Lakhani Ishan , Ng Kenrick , Dee Edward Christopher , Tang Pias , Lee Yan Hiu Athena , Satti Danish Iltaf , Wong Wing Tak , Liu Tong , Tse Gary 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are increasingly established cancer therapeutics, but they are associated with new‐onset diabetes mellitus (DM). Such risks have not been adequately quantified, and between‐class and ‐sex differences remain unexplored.MethodsThis was a prospective cohort study of cancer patients receiving any ICI in Hong Kong between 2013 and 2021. Patients with known DM were excluded. Due to few patients using other ICIs, only programmed cell death 1 inhibitors (PD‐1i) and programmed death ligand 1 inhibitors (PD‐L1i) were compared, alongside between‐sex comparison. When comparing PD‐1i against PD‐L1i, patients with the use of other ICIs or both PD‐1i and PD‐L1 were further excluded. Inverse probability treatment weighting (IPTW) was used to minimize between‐group covariate imbalances.ResultsAltogether, 3375 patients were analyzed (65.2% males, median age 62.2 [interquartile range 53.8–69.5] years old). Over a median follow‐up of 1.0 [0.4–2.4] years, new‐onset DM occurred in 457 patients (13.5%), with a 3‐year risk of 14.5% [95% confidence interval 13.3%, 15.8%]. IPTW achieve acceptable covariate balance between sexes, and between PD‐1i (N = 622) and PD‐L1i (N = 2426) users. Males had significantly higher risk of new‐onset DM (hazard ratio 1.35 [1.09, 1.67], p = 0.006), while PD‐1i and PD‐L1i users did not have significantly different risks (hazard ratio vs PD‐L1i 0.81 [0.59, 1.11], p = 0.182). These were consistent in those with at least 1 year of follow‐up, and on competing risk regression.ConclusionUsers of ICI may have a substantial risk of new‐onset DM, which may be higher in males but did not differ between PD‐1i and PD‐L1i.
Elimination of refractory ventricular tachycardia storm and fibrillation using stereotactic radiotherapy
Authors: Wutzler Alexander , Tiedke Borris , Osman Mohamed , Mahrous Noha , Wurm Reinhard 
Published: January 2023

AbstractVentricular tachycardia storm is a potentially lethal condition with limited treatment options. Failed ablation is associated with a fourfold mortality increase in this population. Stereotactic body radiotherapy was proposed in these cases. We report a case where radiotherapy was safely performed, leading to the elimination of adequate shocks.
The value of dynamic elastomeric fabric orthoses in the management of a complex hypermobile Ehlers‐Danlos syndrome patient: A case report
Authors: Higo Anna , Pearce Gemma , Palmer Shea , Grant Louise 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe use of dynamic elastomeric fabric orthoses is examined in a young woman with hypermobile Ehlers‐Danlos syndrome (hEDS) referred for physiotherapy with hip dysplasia, prior to a right periacetabular osteotomy. Dynamic elastomeric fabric orthoses plus rigorous subjective examination, therapists' listening skills, and patient‐centered goals were useful for this hEDS patient.
A case report of sacral neuromodulation tined lead migration into the rectum
Authors: Sharifiaghdas Farzaneh , Ahmadzade Mohadese , Rouientan Hamidreza 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis report describes a 26‐year‐old woman who underwent sacral neuromodulation explant following lead migration and rectal wall penetration. Her device was implanted due to persistent urinary retention. The tined lead wire was dissected to the fascia and cut. The rectal part of the lead was removed with gentle traction.
Recurrent stroke in an African female with idiopathic thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura: A case report
Authors: Agyapong Kwabena Oteng , Folson Aba , Wonkyi Roland , Amenyedor Kelvin , Boateng Jeffrey J. , Fiador Kate 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe report on a young Ghanaian female who was diagnosed with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) but had an ischemic stroke as the initial presentation. She was successfully treated with therapeutic plasma exchange. This case illustrates how TTP can masquerade as ischemic stroke and the application of PLASMIC score without ADAMTS‐13 assay in risk prediction.
Foreign body reaction granuloma mimicking an aggressive tumor of the mandible
Authors: Kammoun Rym , Chaabani Imen , Jaziri Rawia , Sriha Badreddine , Ben Alaya Touhami 
Published: January 2023

AbstractInflammatory granuloma caused by a vegetable foreign body is a lesion that can develop in the oral cavity. It results from the implantation of vegetable matter, leading to an inflammatory reaction and the development of bone resorption. This case highlights the importance of clinicians' awareness regarding this uncommon disorder.
Interatrial septum dissection, severe aortic stenosis, and paravalvular mitral regurgitation: A rare combination and their hemodynamic interrelationship
Authors: M Di Silvestre , R Muñoz‐Rodríguez , A Tindaya‐Herraiz , F Bosa‐Ojeda , A Barragan‐Acea , A Bonilla , J Lacalzada‐Almeida 
Published: January 2023

AbstractLeft atrial wall dissection is a rare entity with controversial management approaches. We report the case of an 85‐year‐old woman with a mitral bioprosthetic admitted for heart failure. Diagnosis of atrial septum dissection, severe aortic stenosis, and paravalvular mitral regurgitation was established. A percutaneous approach provided clinical improvements.