bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A cyclic behavioral modeling aspect to understand the effects of vaccination and treatment on epidemic transmission dynamics
Authors: Zobayer Abu , Ullah Mohammad Sharif , Ariful Kabir K. M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractEvolutionary epidemiological models have played an active part in analyzing various contagious diseases and intervention policies in the biological sciences. The design in this effort is the addition of compartments for treatment and vaccination, so the system is designated as susceptible, vaccinated, infected, treated, and recovered (SVITR) epidemic dynamic. The contact of a susceptible individual with a vaccinated or an infected individual makes the individual either immunized or infected. Inventively, the assumption that infected individuals enter the treatment and recover state at different rates after a time interval is also deliberated through the presence of behavioral aspects. The rate of change from susceptible to vaccinated and infected to treatment is studied in a comprehensive evolutionary game theory with a cyclic epidemic model. We theoretically investigate the cyclic SVITR epidemic model framework for disease-free and endemic equilibrium to show stable conditions. Then, the embedded vaccination and treatment strategies are present using extensive evolutionary game theory aspects among the individuals in society through a ridiculous phase diagram. Extensive numerical simulation suggests that effective vaccination and treatment may implicitly reduce the community risk of infection when reliable and cheap. The results exhibited the dilemma and benefitted situation, in which the interplay between vaccination and treatment evolution and coexistence are investigated by the indicators of social efficiency deficit and socially benefited individuals.
Cross-species comparison in nonclinical pharmacokinetics of lenvatinib by a simple HPLC with ultraviolet detection
Authors: Mizuo Hitoshi , Mano Yuji 
Published: May 2023

AbstractLenvatinib (Lenvima) is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor on the market and has been used for the treatment of various types of cancer. It is important to understand differences in pharmacokinetics (PK) between nonclinical animals and humans, and thus, we evaluated PK of lenvatinib in mice, rats, dogs, and monkeys. A simple assay for lenvatinib was developed by high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection and validated in accordance with the bioanalytical guidelines. Lenvatinib was quantifiable at 5–100,000 ng/mL using 50 μL of plasma. Accuracy and precision in the intra- and inter-batch reproducibility were within the acceptance criteria, indicating a robust assay. Lenvatinib was intravenously or orally administered to mice, rats, dogs, and monkeys to fully characterize the cross-species PK. Total clearance and volume of distribution were relatively low and bioavailability of lenvatinib was approximately 64–78% in all the species tested. PK of lenvatinib in mice and rats after oral dose was almost linear at the doses ranging from 3 to 30 mg/kg. An empirical allometric scaling successfully predicted oral systemic exposure of lenvatinib in humans. Collectively, PK profiles of lenvatinib in nonclinical animals were well characterized and were useful for PK prediction in humans.
Adaptive changes to saccade amplitude and target localization do not require pre-saccadic target visibility
Authors: Heins Frauke , Masselink Jana , Scherer Joshua-Nikodemus , Lappe Markus 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe accuracy of saccadic eye movements is maintained by saccadic adaptation, a learning mechanism that is proposed to rely on visual prediction error, i.e., a mismatch between the pre-saccadically predicted and post-saccadically experienced position of the saccade target. However, recent research indicates that saccadic adaptation might be driven by postdictive motor error, i.e., a retrospective estimation of the pre-saccadic target position based on the post-saccadic image. We investigated whether oculomotor behavior can be adapted based on post-saccadic target information alone. We measured eye movements and localization judgements as participants aimed saccades at an initially invisible target, which was always shown only after the saccade. Each such trial was followed by either a pre- or a post-saccadic localization trial. The target position was fixed for the first 100 trials of the experiment and, during the following 200 trials, successively shifted inward or outward. Saccade amplitude and the pre- and post-saccadic localization judgements adjusted to the changing target position. Our results suggest that post-saccadic information is sufficient to induce error-reducing adaptive changes in saccade amplitude and target localization, possibly reflecting continuous updating of the estimated pre-saccadic target location driven by postdictive motor error.
A novel type of biochar from chitinous Hermetia illucens waste with a built-in stimulating effect on plants and soil arthropods
Authors: Bulak Piotr , Proc-Pietrycha Kinga , Kaczor Monika , Złotko Katarzyna , Polakowski Cezary , Wiącek Dariusz , Waniak-Nowicka Hanna , Zięba Emil , Waśko Adam , Oleszczuk Patryk , Bieganowski Andrzej 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe breeding of insects generates waste in the form of insect excrement and feed residues. In addition, a specific chitinous waste in the form of insect larvae and pupae exuvia is also left. Recent research tries to manage it, e.g., by producing chitin and chitosan, which are value-added products. The circular economy approach requires testing new, non-standard management methods that can develop products with unique properties. To date, the possibility of biochar production from chitinous waste derived from insects has not been evaluated. Here we show that the puparia of Hermetia illucens are suitable for biochar production, which in turn exhibits original characteristics. We found that the biochars have a high nitrogen level, which is rarely achievable in materials of natural origin without artificial doping. This study presents a detailed chemical and physical characterization of the biochars. Moreover, ecotoxicological analysis has revealed the biochars’ stimulation effect on plant root growth and the reproduction of the soil invertebrate Folsomia candida, as well as the lack of a toxic effect on its mortality. This predisposes these novel materials with already built-in stimulating properties to be used in agronomy, for example as a carriers for fertilizers or beneficial bacteria.
Impact of minocycline on outcomes of EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer patients treated with EGFR-TKIs
Authors: Tone Mari , Iwahori Kota , Shiroyama Takayuki , Futami Shinji , Naito Yujiro , Fukushima Kiyoharu , Miyake Kotaro , Koyama Shohei , Hirata Haruhiko , Nagatomo Izumi , Wada Hisashi , Takeda Yoshito , Kumanogoh Atsushi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMinocycline is often administered prophylactically or therapeutically to non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients receiving epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) for skin rash as an adverse event. We examined the effects of minocycline on the outcomes of EGFR-mutant NSCLC treated with first-line EGFR-TKIs based on a single-center retrospective analysis. In this retrospective cohort study, data were collected on NSCLC patients treated with first-line EGFR-TKIs between January 2010 and June 2021. The treatment efficacy of first-line EGFR-TKIs was compared between patients who received minocycline and those who did not. Median progression-free survival (PFS) with first-line EGFR-TKIs was significantly longer in the minocycline group (N = 32) than in the control group (N = 106); 714 (95% confidence interval CI 411–1247) days vs. 420 (95% CI 343–626) days, p = 0.019. A multivariate analysis including skin rash as a variable confirmed that the administration of minocycline for 30 days or longer correlated with good PFS and overall survival (OS) with first-line EGFR-TKIs (HR 0.44 [95% CI 0.27–0.73], p = 0.0014 and HR 0.50 [95% CI 0.27–0.92], p = 0.027, respectively). The administration of minocycline influenced good treatment efficacy with first-line EGFR-TKIs independently of skin rash.
UQCRFS1 serves as a prognostic biomarker and promotes the progression of ovarian cancer
Authors: Sun Qiran , Li Jiaqi , Dong Hao , Zhan Jiao , Xiong Xiaoming , Ding Jiashan , Li Yuan , He Linsheng , Wang Jing 
Published: May 2023

AbstractUQCRFS1 has been reported to be highly expressed in gastric and breast cancer, but the mechanism remains unclear. The prognosis and biological functions of UQCRFS1 in ovarian cancer (OC) have not been evaluated. The expression of UQCRFS1 in EOC was detected by GEPIA and HPA websites, and the prognosis value was investigated by Kaplan–Meier analysis. Then the correlation between the UQCRFS1 gene and tumor-related signature were analyzed by Spearman correlation analysis and rank sum test. Subsequently, the expression of the UQCRFS1 gene in four ovarian cancer cell lines was detected. A2780 and OVCAR8 with the highest expression of UQCRFS1 were selected in the following biological experiments. Cell proliferation was detected by CCK8 assay, cell cycle and apoptosis were determined by flow cytometry, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was detected by DCFH-DA, DNA damage gene mRNA expression was analyzed by RT-PCR, and AKT/mTOR pathway protein expression were also examined by western blot after siRNA transfection. We found that UQCRFS1 was high-expression in EOC and associated with poor prognosis. Spearman correlation analysis revealed that the high expression of UQCRFS1 is associated with the cell cycle, apoptosis, oxidative phosphorylation, and DNA damage. Further studies found that knockdown of UQCRFS1 cells reduced cell proliferation, cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase, increased proportion of apoptosis, ROS production, and expression of DNA damage genes, inhibited ATK/mTOR pathway. The study suggested that UQCRFS1 may be a candidated target for diagnosis and treatments in OC.
Development of light-induced disruptive liposomes (LiDL) as a photoswitchable carrier for intracellular substance delivery
Authors: Tsuneishi Taichi , Kojima Keiichi , Kubota Fumika , Harashima Hideyoshi , Yamada Yuma , Sudo Yuki 
Published: May 2023

We developed here light-induced disruptive liposomes (LiDL) using both inward proton pump rhodopsin RmXeR and pH-sensitive liposomes. Then we demonstrated that LiDL works as a photoswitchable carrier for intracellular substance delivery.
Mechanistic insights into the electrochemical reduction of CO2 to CO on Ni(salphen) complexes
Authors: Realista Sara , Costa Paulo J. , Maia Luisa B. , Calhorda Maria José , Martinho Paulo N. 
Published: May 2023

Ni(salphen) reduces CO2 to CO via a double reduction/protonation mechanism, and the active species binds to CO, only releasing stoichiometric amounts of CO upon exposure to air. This has been confirmed in both experimental and computational studies.
Parvimonas micra infection enhances proliferation, wound healing, and inflammation of a colorectal cancer cell line
Authors: Hatta Muhammad Nur Adam , Mohamad Hanif Ezanee Azlina , Chin Siok-Fong , Low Teck Yew , Neoh Hui-min 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The gut microbiota Parvimonas micra has been found to be enriched in gut mucosal tissues and fecal samples of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients compared with non-CRC controls. In the present study, we investigated the tumorigenic potential of P. micra and its regulatory pathways in CRC using HT-29, a low-grade CRC intestinal epithelial cell. For every P. micra-HT-29 interaction assay, HT-29 was co-cultured anaerobically with P. micra at an MOI of 100:1 (bacteria: cells) for 2 h. We found that P. micra increased HT-29 cell proliferation by 38.45% (P=0.008), with the highest wound healing rate at 24 h post-infection (P=0.02). In addition, inflammatory marker expression (IL-5, IL-8, CCL20, and CSF2) was also significantly induced. Shotgun proteomics profiling analysis revealed that P. micra affects the protein expression of HT-29 (157 up-regulated and 214 down-regulated proteins). Up-regulation of PSMB4 protein and its neighbouring subunits revealed association of the ubiquitin–proteasome pathway (UPP) in CRC carcinogenesis; whereas down-regulation of CUL1, YWHAH, and MCM3 signified cell cycle dysregulation. Moreover, 22 clinically relevant epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT)-markers were expressed in HT-29 infected with P. micra. Overall, the present study elucidated exacerbated oncogenic properties of P. micra in HT-29 via aberrant cell proliferation, enhanced wound healing, inflammation, up-regulation of UPPs, and activation of EMT pathways.
Latent low‐rank representation sparse regression model with symmetric constraint for unsupervised feature selection
Authors: Guo Lingli , Chen Xiuhong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractUnsupervised feature selection is a dimensionality reduction method and has been widely used as an important and indispensable preprocessing step in many tasks. However, real‐world data are not only high‐dimensional, but also have intrinsic correlations between data points, which are not fully utilized in feature selection. Furthermore, real‐world data usually inevitably contain noise or outliers. In order to select features from data more effectively, a sparse regression model based on latent low‐rank representation with the symmetric constraint for unsupervised feature selection is proposed. With the coefficient matrix of non‐negative symmetric low‐rank representation, an affinity matrix characterized by the correlation relationship between data points is adaptively obtained, which reveals the intrinsic geometric relationship, global structure, and discrimination of data points. A latent representation of all data points obtained from this affinity matrix is employed as a pseudo‐label, and feature selection is carried out by sparse linear regression. This method performs feature selection in the learned latent space instead of the original data space. An alternating iteration algorithm is designed to solve the proposed model, and its effectiveness and efficiency are verified on several benchmark data sets.
Dust-driven wind as a model of broad absorption line quasars
Authors: Naddaf M. H. , Martinez-Aldama M. L. , Marziani P. , Panda S. , Sniegowska M. , Czerny B. 
Published: May 2023

Context. We test the scenario according to which the broad absorption line (BAL) phenomenon in quasars (QSOs) is not a temporary stage of their life. In this scenario, the BAL effect acts only if the line of sight is within a spatially limited and collimated massive outflow cone covering only a fraction of the sky from the point of view of the nucleus.
Aims. The aim is to understand the theoretical mechanism behind the massive outflow in BAL QSOs, which is important for modelling the impact of quasars on the star formation rate in the host galaxy, and, subsequently, on the galaxy evolution.
Methods. We applied the specific theoretical model of dust-driven wind that was developed to explain broad emission lines. The model has considerable predictive power. The 2.5D version of the model called failed radiatively accelerated dusty outflow (FRADO) includes the formation of fast funnel-shaped outflow from the disk for a certain range of black hole masses, Eddington ratios, and metallicities. We now interpret BAL QSO as sources that are viewed along the outflowing stream. We calculated the probabilities of seeing the BAL phenomenon as functions of these global parameters, and we compared these probabilities to those seen in the observational data. We included considerations of the presence or absence of obscuring torus.
Results. Comparing our theoretical results with observational data for a sample of QSOs consisting of two sub-populations of BAL and non-BAL QSOs, we found that in the model and in the data, the BAL phenomenon mostly occurs for sources with black hole masses higher than 108 M⊙. The effect increases with accretion rate, and high metallicities are also more likely in QSOs showing BAL features if a torus is taken into account.
Conclusions. The consistency of the model with the data supports the interpretation of the BAL phenomenon as the result of the orientation of the source. It also supports the underlying theoretical model, although more consistency checks should be made in the future.
The Clinical Outcomes of Measured Resection and Gap Balancing Techniques in Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Kun , Fan Zongqing , Liu Weina , Li Li , Guan YuJun , Fu Donglin 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background At present, the clinical efficacy of measured resection (MR) and gap balancing (GB) techniques in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is still controversial. The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcome indexes of the two surgical methods through a meta-analysis.
Methods The literature was systematically searched on PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), WANFANG, Weipu (VIP), and China Biomedical Literature (CBM) electronic databases inception until June 12, 2022. RevMan 5.3 software (the Nordic Cochrane Center, the Cochrane Collaboration, Copenhagen, Denmark) was used to analyze all data of this study. The Cochrane risk bias assessment tool is a risk bias evaluation criterion recommended by the Cochrane Handbook for systematic reviews.
Results Eleven studies involving 1268 knees in total were included. The main outcome indexes showed that the Knee Society Score (KSS) knee score (MD: −1.40; 95% CI: −2.57 to −0.22; p = 0.02) and KSS knee function score (MD: −3.11; 95% CI: −3.72 to −2.50; p < 0.001) in the GB group were higher 1 year after operation, while femoral component rotation angle (FCRA; MD: −0.75; 95% CI: −1.34 to −0.07; p = 0.03) and the osteotomy volume of the posterior medial femoral condyle (MD: −0.76; 95% CI; −1.13 to −0.38; p < 0.001) were greater in the GB group. In addition, there was no significant difference in the joint line change (MD: −0.03; 95% CI: −0.07 to 0.01; p = 0.16) between the two groups. Secondary outcome results showed that the knee joint range of motion (ROM) in 3 months, and the Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) score after 1 year were better in the GB group. However, the operation time of the MR group was shorter. In addition,
this study revealed no significant differences in post-complications between these two groups.
Conclusion Although the GB technique may not provide better radiographic results or reduce the complication rate, the recovery of joint function showed earlier improvement.
Zwischen Unterstützung und Kontrolle: Der
Qualitätsdiskurs zur informellen Pflege in
Österreich
Authors: Gebhart Verena , Vitzthum Simone 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Sicherung von Pflegequalität gilt als ein maßgebliches Ziel
sozialstaatlichen Handelns. Dabei werden Qualitätsansprüche
vermehrt auch an die informelle Pflege gerichtet. Dieser Beitrag geht der Frage
nach, wie und warum im politischen Diskurs eine Qualitätssicherung im
informellen Pflegebereich eingefordert wird, welche Probleme der informellen
Pflege dabei adressiert werden und wie unter diesen Bedingungen unterschiedliche
Maßnahmen der Qualitätssicherung als Lösungsstrategie
legitimiert und institutionalisiert werden. Die Analyse erfolgte mittels einer
„Rahmenanalyse politischer Diskurse“. Als Material dienten alle
parlamentarischen Debatten/Enqueten rund um das Thema
„Qualitätssicherung der informellen Pflege“ für
den Zeitraum 1993 (Einführung Pflegegeld) – 2021, sowie die
Pflegevorsorgeberichte Österreichs für den Berichtszeitraum 1994
bis 2020. Die Ergebnisse deuten auf einen unterbestimmten
Qualitätsbegriff hin, der nur vage Vorstellungen davon enthält,
was oder wie qualitätsvolle Pflege zu Hause aussehen soll.
Maßnahmen der Qualitätssicherung richten sich in erster Linie
auf eine Unterstützung und Entlastung pflegender Angehöriger und
adressieren damit ein Ressourcenproblem. Ziel einer Qualitätssicherung
ist es u. a. die Pflege „in den eigenen vier
Wänden“ so lange wie möglich aufrecht zu erhalten. Dem
Staat kommen im Rahmen eines Qualitätsdiskurses vor allem
unterstützende und kontrollierende Funktionen zu, während
drängende Fragen der Pflegevorsorge in den Hintergrund treten.
Ferulic Acid: Signaling Pathways in Aging
Authors: Neopane Deepa , Ansari Vaseem Ahamad , Singh Aditya 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe need for clinical remedies to the multiple age-related deficiencies in skin
function brought on by extrinsic and intrinsic causes is increased by these
demographic changes. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial
deoxyribonucleic acid (mtDNA) mutations, telomere shortening, as well as other
factors, contribute to the aging of the skin. In this overview, the issue of
human skin aging is introduced, along with several pathways and the protective
effects of ferulic acid in light of current patents. The complex antioxidant
effect of ferulic acid depends on the “sweeping” away of free
radicals as well as the suppression of the synthesis of ROS or nitrogen.
Furthermore, Cu (II) or Fe protonated metal ions are chelated by this acid (II).
Ferulic acid is a free radical scavenger as well as an enzyme inhibitor,
increasing the activity of enzymes that scavenge free radicals while decreasing
the activity of enzymes that speed up the creation of free radicals. AMPK
signalling, which can regulate cellular homeostasis, stress tolerance, cell
survival and proliferation, cell death, and autophagy, has recently been linked
to aging and lifespan. Therefore, Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) and
rodents had longer life-spans due to specific AMPK activation. By inhibiting the
TGF-β/Smad signalling pathway, UV irradiation can reduce the
production of procollagen. Glycation changes the skin’s physical
characteristics, making it less elastic and stiffer. . Excessive free radicals
simultaneously trigger the nuclear factor kappa B (NF- κB) signalling
pathway, increasing TNF levels and matrix metalloproteinase production
(MMPs).
Fette runter mit Omega-3?
Authors: Schmiedel Volker 
Published: May 2023

SummaryImmer wieder hört man, dass Omega-3-Fettsäuren die Blutfette senken. Doch was ist gesichert? Werden nur die Triglyzeride gesenkt oder auch das Cholesterin, und hier besonders das als schädlich angesehene LDL? Haben alle Omega-3-Fettsäuren diese Effekte oder gibt es Unterschiede zwischen den einzelnen Omega-3-Fettsäuren? In diesem Artikel soll die wissenschaftliche Datenlage hierzu gesichtet werden. Eine Kasuistik veranschaulicht darüber hinaus, wie die Risikoberechnung für Atherosklerose in der Praxis aussieht und wann Statine indiziert sind beziehungsweise wann eher nicht.