bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
De l’univocité du principe de différence de Rawls
Authors: Boyer Alain 
Published: December 2022

Entre les états (2, 3) et (2, 4), le Principe de Différence (PD) choisit-t-il le premier, le second, ou est-il indifférent ? Cette dernière interprétation est confortée par le choix par Rawls des courbes en L pour illustrer le PD (Rawls 1999 [1971], § 13, fig. 5), formellement analogue au Maximin en théorie de la décision, et qui admettrait des courbes d’indifférence ; une fois le plus mal loti maximisé, on est indifférent entre les états des mieux lotis ; le Leximin enjoint lui de choisir le second état, puisqu’il réitère le PD sur le dernier plus mal loti. La plupart des commentateurs choisissent le Leximin ; or ce principe est inégalitaire, car il peut laisser s’enrichir les riches alors que les pauvres stagnent. Le PD sélectionne en fait le premier état. Si l’on peut passer du premier état au second, on doit pouvoir passer du premier à un état (2+n, 3-n). Le PD est univoque, différent du Maximin et du Leximin, qui peut favoriser des sociétés duales, où seuls les riches s’enrichissent. On n’a pu généraliser le résultat à plus de deux classes, même en tenant compte de la « connexion en chaîne », laquelle exprime l’idée fondamentale de Rawls : la solidarité via la coopération. Code JEL : I13.
Editorial
Authors: Longo Leonardo , Fornaini Carlo 
Published: December 2022

It is with great pleasure that we announce the resumption of the peer journal “Laser Therapy” publications after two years of silence. In fact, due to the terrible pandemic that has devastated our world, has taken away friends and family members and has deeply changed our lifestyles, the latest issue was published online in the Spring of 2020.Prof. Toshio Ohshiro, founder of “Laser Therapy” charged us to manage the Journal and we want to thank him for the trust placed in us, as well as for the enormous work done during these many long years. However, he will remain our point of reference as “Old Editor-in-Chief and Founder”.We want to remember our friends who have supported the newspaper over the years and who are no longer with us: Kenij Yoshida, Abraham Baruchin and Kazuhiko Atsumi: may they rest in peace.The realization of this issue was full of difficulties and required a lot of work on our part, but we did our best to get to the final result because we think that it may represent a sign of recovery of a normality after the COVID emergency.For this issue we have decided to offer readers open access to all articles and authors the opportunity to publish at no cost.The publisher is an Italian company, FILODIRITTO (www.filodiritto.com), and with the help of the Head of the Organizational Secretariat, Ms. Roberta Miano, we want to be able, for the Autumn issue, to inaugurate a new website and an automatic submission system. Last but not least, we want to thank all the Institutions, Societies and Associations that have supported “Laser Therapy” in these years. We ask them to go on to choose it for next years.
We thank all of you, Authors, Board Members, Reviewers and Readers, with the prayers of giving us the great help we need.
Online Education Status at Government and Private Dental College During COVID-19 Pandemic in India
Authors: Popli Hansika , Batra Manu , Gijwani Deeksha , Ahuja Anjali 
Published: December 2022

Introduction:
Pandemic COVID-19 has spread all over the world very profligately in a short interval. This has had disturbed the main determinant of the future economics that is the education sector. India is a country with a vast number of colleges and dental colleges are a part of nurturing budding dentists.

Aim:
The aim of the study was to assess the status of online education at government and private dental colleges of India during a COVID-19 pandemic.

Materials and Methods:
This is a cross-sectional questionnaire-based study; conducted among the faculties of all Indian government and private dental colleges taking online classes for bachelor of dental surgery students. A pretested and validated questionnaire was sent to faculty members through a Google form. To assess the differences in perception among faculties of different colleges, the use of Chi-square test was done whereas descriptive statistics surveyed the frequency distribution.

Results:
More than 70% of faculty members both from private and government colleges agreed that tracking of students is difficult during online classes. A laptop was used by the maximum number of respondents, that is, government (77.8%) and private (81.5%) as the mode for taking online classes. About 50% of government faculties and 59.5% of private faculty members used zoom as an online platform tool for taking classes whereas others used the Google meet app for taking classes.

Conclusion:
The COVID-19 pandemic has paved the way for E-Learning in dental education in India. Faculties agree to complete the theory syllabus and conduct sessional examinations as an alternative during the lockdown period. However, they show strong reservations in carrying out practical/clinical simulations and university exams online.
UFRS 9’UN BANKACILIK SEKTÖRÜNE ETKİLERİYLE İLGİLİ MAKALELERİN İÇERİK ANALİZİ
Authors: KOTAN Muhammet , BÜYÜKARIKAN Ulukan 
Published: December 2022

UFRS 9’un 2018’de yürürlüğe girmesiyle birlikte, UMS 39’un yerini almış ve araştırmacılar uygulamanın getirmiş olduğu yeniliklerin etkilerine odaklanmıştır. Bununla birlikte, az sayıda çalışma UFRS 9'un uygulama sürecini tartışmaktadır. Finansal varlık ve buna ait yükümlülüklerin sınıflandırılması ve ölçümü UFRS 9 ile gerçekleştirilmektedir. Bu mali raporlama standardı riskten korunma muhasebesine ilişkin yeni hükümleri içermektedir. Bununla birlikte mali tablo kullanıcılarına ilişkin işletmenin gelecekteki nakit akışlarının tutarını, zamanlamasını ve belirsizliğini çözümleyebilmek için uygulanacak raporlama politikalarını belirlemektir.
Çalışmanın amacı bankacılık sektöründe UFRS 9’un uygulanması sonucu oluşan etkilerle ilgili bilimsel çalışmaların içeriğinin incelenmesidir. UFRS 9'a ilişkin yapılmış olan çalışmaların içerik analizinden yola çıkarak geçiş işleminin kısa vadede bazı sorunlar ortaya çıkarsa da uzun vadede değerlendirildiğinde büyük ve ani zarar olasılığını azalttığı ifade edilebilmektedir. Genel sonuçlar, UFRS 9’un risk yapısı daha riskli kredileri cezalandıran verimli kredi portföyleri oluşturduğunu göstermektedir. Bazı ülkelerdeki ticari bankaların, kredi portföyünün kalitesinden ödün vermeden dengeli bir büyüme yaklaşımı izlendiği de tespit edilmiştir.
أبيات شعرية مفقودة للشيخ "أحمد بن الحرمة" من خلال مسوداته
Authors: CHETATHA Oumelkheir 
Published: December 2022

يكشف هذا البحث عن أبياتٍ مفقودة من شعر الشّيخ "سيدي أحمد بن الحرمة" شاعر الملحون الكبير في صحراء الجزائر، وذلك بعد اكتشاف مسوّدات بخط يده كان يكتب فيها أشعاره، وينقّح قصائده، إن اكتشافا كهذا يحيلنا إلى التّساؤل عن مدى تبنّي شعراء الملحون للّغة الانفعالية، التي هي وليدة اللّحظة والموقف، ومدى التزامهم بالتّنقيح والتّهذيب لأشعارهم، ما يستدعي الرّجوع إلى المسودات ومراجعتها، وإذا كانت فائدة البحث لا تقتصر على محاولة الإجابة على هذا التّساؤل فحسب، فإنها أيضًا تكشف عن الجديد في شعر الشّيخ "سيدي أحمد بن الحرمة" وتفتح الباب للنّقاد من أجل مناقشة ما ستفرزه مثل هذه الاكتشافات في نقد الشعر الملحون ودراسته.
حيث أنه من المعلوم أن لا أحد من الدارسين ينكر أهمية مخطوطات الموروث الشّعبي وآثار الكتاب والشّعراء و المؤلّفين خصوصًا مسوّداتهم التي كتبوها بأيديهم، ورقمتها أناملهم، فقد تحوي هذه المهملات عناصر من المهمّات التي لا تخطر ببال، ولعل إعمال آلة التّنقيب والبحث في هذه المناجم المعرفيّة والتراثية كفيل بأن يكشف لنا عن الجديد واللا متوقع عن شخصيّات تشكّلت حولها هالة الشّهرة والانتشار بما ساهم في طمس الكثير من الجزئيّات حولها.
نحن هنا نعرض بالوصف والتّحليل ورقات من التّراث الشّخصي للشّاعر الكبير "أحمد بن الحرمة"، ونحاول إثبات نسبتها إليه، وهو ما سيحيلنا بعد الجانب التحقيقي والتوثيقي على عدّة تساؤلات نقديّة تتعلق بصميم الملكة والموهبة الشّعرية لدى شعراء الملحون الجزائريين، وعند هذا الشاعر الفحل بالخصوص، ولعل أغلب هذه الأسئلة ستتمحور حول ما يلي:
هل كان الشيخ "سيدي أحمد بن الحرمة" ممن يستعملون المسودات أثناء النظم؟ أم أنه كان من أصحاب اللّغة الانفعاليّة التي يفرضها الموقف وتمليها اللّحظة؟ وهل كان يقوم بتهذيب قصائده، وتنقيحها قبل إخراجها، فيتراجع عن بعض نظمه، أو يلغيه، أو يستبدله؟ وهل هذه الظّاهرة خاصة به، أم أنه يمكن تعميمها على سائر شعراء الزّجل الشعبي؟
هذه التساؤلات سنحاول الإجابة عنها كلها في هذا المقال، إلا أن ما نرمي إليه من خلاله بالدّرجة الأولى هو إخراج هذه الأبيات إلى النور، وإلحاقها بأخواتها، وبيان موقعها في القصائد، وإثبات نسبة هذه المسودات للشّيخ "سيدي أحمد بن الحرمة"، وفي ذلك إثباتٌ لحصيفة التّهذيب والتّنقيح والمراجعة له أثناء النظم، وترجيح يفيد أن هذا كان ديدن الكثير من شعراء الشعر الشعبي الجزائري، ولا شكّ أنّ هذا سيفتح رؤية نقّاد القصيد الشّعبي على نوافذ أكبر، ونماذج أكثر بما يمكن أن نسميه مستقبلا بـ " حوليّات" الشّعر الملحون، إلا أن الذي لابد من الانتباه إليه أن نقد الملحون من خلال مصادره يعتبر سبقا في حد ذاته، خصوصا وأن الجدل كان منذ القديم قائما بين انصار اللغة الانفعالية التي تولدها اللحظة، وهي القائمة على الارتجال والسليقة، على جانب من اللين والسهولة فصاحبها ( كأنما يغرف من بحر )، وبين لغة النظر والتروي القائمة على إعمال العقل وتدقيق النظر على جانب من الشدة والصعوبة وعدم المطاوعة المباشرة فصاحبها (كأنما يقد من صخر )، وبين هذين الحدين للجدل نحاول اثبات الأرجح والأكثر شيوعا في موروث الملحن الجزائري الذي لا تزال الكثير من خزائنه لم تفتح للنقد والتنقيب.
Does remission in rheumatoid arthritis bring kinesiophobia, quality of life, fatigue, and physical activity closer to normal?
Authors: Özlü Aysun , Akdeniz Leblebicier Merve 
Published: December 2022

Objectives: This study aimed to compare kinesiophobia, fatigue, physical activity, and quality of life (QoL) between the patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in remission and a healthy population.
Patients and methods: The prospective controlled study included 45 female patients (mean age: 54.22±8.2 year; range, 37 to 67 year) with a diagnosis of RA determined to be in remission according to the Disease Activity Score in 28 Joints (DAS28) being ≤2.6 between January 2022 and February 2022. As a control group, 45 female healthy volunteers (mean age: 52.2±8.2 year; range, 34 to 70 year) of similar age were evaluated. The QoL, disease activity, pain, kinesiophobia, fatigue severity, and physical activity were assessed using the Health Assessment Questionnaire, DAS28, Visual Analog Scale, Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia, Fatigue Severity Scale, and International Physical Activity Questionnaire, respectively.
Results: There was no significant difference between the groups in demographic data. A statistically significant difference was found between the groups in terms of pain, C-reactive protein level, fatigue, kinesiophobia, QoL, and total, high, and moderate physical activity scores (p<0.001). Among the RA patients in remission, there was a significant correlation between kinesiophobia and moderate physical activity and QoL, as well as between fatigue and high physical activity (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Patient education and multidisciplinary approach strategies should be developed to increase the QoL and physical activity and reduce kinesiophobia in RA patients in remission since there may be a decrease in physical activity due to kinesiophobia, fatigue, and fear of movement in this patient group compared to the healthy population, impairing their QoL.
An investigation of coronaphobia and physical activity among patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Sağlam Gonca , Esra Ergül Emine 
Published: December 2022

Objectives: This study aims to investigate coronaphobia and physical activity levels in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
Patients and methods: Between December 2021 and February 2022, a total of 68 RA patients (11 males, 57 females; mean age: 48.3±10.1 years; range, 29 to 78 years) and 64 age- and sex-matched healthy individuals (4 males, 60 females; mean age: 47.9±10.2 years; range, 23 to 70 years) were included in this cross-sectional study. Demographic, physical, lifestyle, and medical characteristics of all participants were recorded. The COVID-19 Phobia Scale (C19PS) and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF) were administered to all participants. The RA patients were divided into two groups as: patients treated with biological and non-biological agents. The Disease Activity Score-28 (DAS28) and Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI) were used to measure disease activity.
Results: The total and subgroup scores of the C19P-S were found to be statistically significantly higher in both the biological and non-biological RA groups than in the control group (p=0.001). However, there was no statistically significant difference between the RA groups in terms of total and subgroup C19P-S scores. The mean IPAQ score was significantly lower in the RA group using biological drugs than in the control group (p=0.002). A significant correlation was found between DAS28 and total C19P-S scores (r:0.63, p<0.05), and CDAI and total C19P-S scores (r:0.79, p<0.05).
Conclusion: Patients with RA have an increased risk of coronaphobia and disease activity is correlated with coronaphobia. Patients treated with biological agents seem to have lower activity levels compared to other RA patients and healthy controls. These results should be considered in the management of RA during COVID-19 pandemic and preventive intervention strategies should be formulated to cope with coronaphobia.
Perceptions of European students' representative associations about clinical pharmacy undergraduate education
Authors: Moura Laura , Viegas Rúben , Steurbaut Stephane , Alves da Costa Filipa 
Published: December 2022

Background: Clinical pharmacy education is an enabler of advanced pharmacy practice for the future workforce.
Objective: To explore perceptions of students’ representative associations on the adequacy of undergraduate clinical pharmacy education and students’ preparedness to perform clinical activities.
Methods: Cross-sectional study using an online survey disseminated through the European Pharmaceutical Students’ Association to affiliated national pharmacy students’ associations. The survey collected information about preparedness to perform clinical pharmacy activities, perceived fitness for practice, perceived adequacy of theoretical and practical education in clinical pharmacy, and learning methods used and desired.
Results: Students’ representative associations from 16 European countries participated and unanimously stated that clinical pharmacy practical training was insufficient. Most respondents (n=12; 75.1%) reported being unfit or unsure about their fitness to perform clinical activities.
Conclusion: Although clinical pharmacy is embedded in pharmaceutical sciences education, students felt unprepared to perform clinical activities and desired more practical training to increase job readiness.
Role of Music in E. L. Doctorow’s City of God
Authors: Gajda Marek 
Published: December 2022

E. L. Doctorow became world-famous primarily for his novel Ragtime (1975), which references a distinct style of playing the piano that had a profound impact on the development of jazz. Music also plays a principal role in a number of the author’s other works. This paper explores the role of music in one of his later novels, City of God (2000), with a focus on selected scenes in which music is represented. From the viewpoint of different modes of music in literature, namely the thematization of music, the sound layer and the musicalization of fiction, this contribution examines the emotions elicited in the protagonists in the scenes in question, as well as the atmosphere that the music creates or accentuates. It also takes into account which musical instruments are employed, including the symbolic meaning that one of them, the violin, carries. Furthermore, an investigation is presented as to what extent musical elements from other novels by E. L. Doctorow can be found, and in which respects this novel is unique. In City of God, the lyrics of jazz tunes emerge throughout the novel, thus the importance of this motif is discussed in detail along with the attention devoted to other major manifestations of music in this literary work.
Penal Prohibition Mechanism Levels
Authors: Идрисов Н.Т. 
Published: December 2022

Статья посвящена актуальной проблеме механизма уголовно-правового запрета. Автором обосновывается существование индивидуального уровня механизма уголовно-правового запрета, предлагается рассматривать данное правовое явление не только с позиции государственно-властного веления, но и учитывать достижения юридической психологии и антропологии уголовного права. Такой подход позволяет выявлять свойства и сущность механизма уголовно-правового запрета не только в статике, но и в динамике. Автор приходит к выводу о высокой значимости учета уровней механизма уголовно-правового запрета в процессе законотворчества и правоприменения для обеспечения гармоничного социального общежития.
The article presents the author’s arguments about the topical problem of the penal prohibition mechanism. The author substantiates the existence of an individual level of the penal prohibition mechanism, proposes to consider this legal phenomenon not only in terms of state-imperious command, but also with regard to achievements of legal psychology and anthropology of criminal law. This approach made it possible to identify properties and essence of the penal prohibition mechanism not only in statics, but also in dynamics. The author comes to the conclusion about the high importance of considering penal prohibition mechanism levels in the process of lawmaking and law enforcement to ensure a harmonious social community.
On the Issue of Classifying Criminal Law Axioms
Authors: Кабанов В.М. 
Published: December 2022

В статье проведена классификация уголовно-правовых аксиом на основании выделяемых автором критериев (признаков). Установлено, что уголовно-правовые аксиомы являются одной из множества различных групп отраслевых аксиом. В дальнейшем классификация уголовно-правовых аксиом осуществляется на основании таких признаков, как форма закрепления (закрепленные непосредственно и выводимые из содержания правовых норм, но не получившие закрепления в законодательстве), способ закрепления в нормах уголовного права (прямо и косвенно закрепленные в УК РФ), виды аксиом по признакам материального и процессуального права (материально-правовые аксиомы и процессуально-правовые).
The article classifies criminal law axioms on the basis of the grounds (indicators) identified by the author. It is established that criminal law axioms are one of many different groups of branch axioms. They are classified according to the following indicators: form of consolidation, in accordance with which it is possible to distinguish types of criminal law axioms (axioms directly fixed and deduced from the content of legal norms, but not fixed in legislation), method of consolidation in criminal law norms (axioms directly and indirectly fixed in the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation), types of axioms according to indicators of substantive and procedural law (substantive axioms and procedural axioms)
Fictitious Marriage as a Way of Illegal Migration
Authors: Корнилова Т.В. , Федорова А.В. 
Published: December 2022

В статье раскрываются понятие и особенности фиктивного брака как способа незаконной миграции. Рассматриваются основные риски и угрозы безопасности общества и государства от фиктивных браков. Анализируются современное состояние и тенденции развития зарубежного и российского законодательства, направленного на установление ответственности за регистрацию фиктивных брачных отношений, влияющих на увеличение незаконных мигрантов в стране, правовые последствия для супругов при признании брака фиктивным. Выявлены пробелы в законодательстве Российской Федерации. Авторами предлагаются рекомендации по совершенствованию системы предупреждения и пресечения незаконной миграции
he article reveals the concept and features of a fictitious marriage as a method of illegal migration. The main risks and threats to the security of society and the state from fictitious marriages are considered. The article analyzes the current state and trends in the development of foreign and Russian legislation aimed at establishing liability for registering fictitious marital relations that affect the increase in illegal migrants in the country, legal consequences for spouses when recognizing a fictitious marriage. Gaps in the Russian legislation are identified. The authors propose recommendations for improving the system of prevention and suppression of illegal migration.
Foreign Experience in the Implementation of Sentencing (Executive) Probation (Case Study of the Republic of Kazakhstan)
Authors: Крюкова О.Ю. , Емельянова Ж.Э. 
Published: December 2022

Статья посвящена исследованию опыта службы пробации Республики Казахстан по осуществлению приговорной (исполнительной) пробации и возможностей его использования при создании аналогичного института в Российской Федерации. На основе анализа научных публикаций российских и казахстанских исследователей, нормативных материалов, а также с учетом объективных результатов деятельности службы пробации Республики Казахстан формулируются основные вопросы и проблемы, которые необходимо учесть при создании института приговорной (исполнительной) пробации в Российской Федерации.
The article studies the experience of the probation service of the Republicof Kazakhstan in the implementation of sentencing (executive) probation and the possibilities of its use in the creation of a similar institution in the Russian Federation. Based on the analysis of scientific publications of Russian and Kazakh researchers and regulatory materials, as well as taking into account objective results of activities of the probation service of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the authors state key issues and problems to be considered when creating the institute of “sentencing (executive) probation” in the Russian Federation.
Criminal Infection of Persons Sentenced to Imprisonment as a Factor of Their Differentiation
Authors: Савушкин С.М. 
Published: December 2022

о мнению автора, в действующем механизме уголовно-исполнительного регулирования недостаточное внимание уделяется потенциальной опасности отдельных осужденных к лишению свободы, которые способны оказывать негативное воздействие на других осужденных. Представляется актуальным ограничивать правовой статус осужденных, а также применять к ним комплекс мер превентивного характера не на основании совершенного преступления, а на основании уровня пенитенциарной опасности
The author believes that current mechanism of penal enforcement regulation is characterized by insufficient attention to potential danger of individual convicts sentenced to imprisonment, which can have a negative impact on other convicts. It seems relevant to limit the legal status of convicts, as well as to apply to them a set of preventive measures not on the basis of the crime committed, but on the basis of the level of penitentiary danger.