bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploratory investigation of historical decorative laminates by means of vibrational spectroscopic techniques
Authors: Jacquemain An , Retko Klara , Legan Lea , Ropret Polonca , Waentig Friederike , Cattersel Vincent 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Literature research revealed that scientific work on the characteristics of historical decorative laminates (DLs), like typology, and particularly the material-technical aspects related to the composition and build-up is scarce in the field of conservation-restoration of modern materials. This paper aims to take the first step towards filling in this knowledge gap by demonstrating that an in-depth literature research and complementary chemical-physical analytical techniques are useful in characterising and contextualising historic decorative laminates. This research focused on gaining additional information within chemical analyses on material-technical insights. This could serve as a basis for a more comprehensive historical context. Several historical samples from different sample-catalogues and museum objects, spanning a period from 1953 to 1993, were collected and their respective cross-sections were characterised with infrared (mapping), FT-Raman, and dispersive micro-Raman spectroscopy. The different layers, such as the protective, decorative, and core layers were investigated, and materials such as melamine formaldehyde, urea formaldehyde, cellulose, lignin, titanium dioxide (rutile), zinc sulphide, synthetic organic pigments PR112 (monoazo pigment, Naphthol AS), and PG8 (azo metal complex, Pigment Green B) were detected.

Graphical Abstract
Research priorities for therapeutic plasma exchange in critically ill patients
Authors: David Sascha , Russell Lene , Castro Pedro , van de Louw Andry , Zafrani Lara , Pirani Tasneem , Nielsen Nathan D. , Mariotte Eric , Ferreyro Bruno L. , Kielstein Jan T. , Montini Luca , Brignier Anne C. , Kochanek Matthias , Cid Joan , Robba Chiara , Martin-Loeches Ignacio , Ostermann Marlies , Juffermans Nicole P. ,   for the Nine-I investigators
Published: May 2023

AbstractTherapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) is a therapeutic intervention that separates plasma from blood cells to remove pathological factors or to replenish deficient factors. The use of TPE is increasing over the last decades. However, despite a good theoretical rationale and biological plausibility for TPE as a therapy for numerous diseases or syndromes associated with critical illness, TPE in the intensive care unit (ICU) setting has not been studied extensively. A group of eighteen experts around the globe from different clinical backgrounds used a modified Delphi method to phrase key research questions related to “TPE in the critically ill patient”. These questions focused on: (1) the pathophysiological role of the removal and replacement process, (2) optimal timing of treatment, (3) dosing and treatment regimes, (4) risk–benefit assumptions and (5) novel indications in need of exploration. For all five topics, the current understanding as well as gaps in knowledge and future directions were assessed. The content should stimulate future research in the field and novel clinical applications.
Thyroid Incidentalomas in Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19: A Single-Center Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Jantarapootirat Methus , Traiwanatham Sirinapa , Hirunpat Pornrujee , Boonsomsuk Woranan , Sungkanuparph Somnuek , Sriphrapradang Chutintorn 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Context
During the COVID-19 pandemic, both people with underlying diseases and previously healthy people were infected with SARS-CoV-2. In our institute, most hospitalized patients underwent chest computed tomography (CT) to evaluate pulmonary involvement and complication of COVID-19. There are currently limited data regarding thyroid CT incidentalomas in healthy people.

Objective
We aimed to investigate the prevalence and predictors of thyroid incidentalomas among hospitalized patients with COVID-19.

Methods
A single-center retrospective study included hospitalized patients aged ≥15 years with COVID-19 who underwent chest CT during April 2020 and October 2021. Thyroid incidentalomas were reviewed and identified by an experienced radiologist. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine predictors for thyroid incidentalomas.

Results
In the 1326 patients (mean age 49.4 years and 55.3% female) that were included, the prevalence of thyroid incidentalomas was 20.2%. Patients with thyroid incidentalomas were older (59.6 years vs 46.8 years, P &lt; .001) and more often female than those without incidentalomas (63.4% vs 53.2%, P = .003). On multivariate analysis, only female sex (OR 1.56; 95% CI 1.17-2.07) and older age (OR 1.04; 95% CI 1.03-1.05) were significantly associated with thyroid incidentalomas.

Conclusion
In COVID-19 patients, the prevalence of thyroid incidentalomas identified on chest CT was higher (20.2%) than in previous studies in the general population (&lt;1% to 16.8%). Female sex and older age were independent factors associated with thyroid incidentalomas.
The ethics of data self-reporting: important issues and best practices
Authors: Tempini Niccolò 
Published: May 2023

Background: This article examines the ethics of data self-reporting, in light of the extreme challenges thrown up by the COVID-19 pandemic. In many countries the public was asked to self-report personal social and health data often through the use of mobile apps, as various datasets were mobilised for the purpose of fighting COVID-19. Policy and implications: The article observes a number of dimensions that make the governance of self-reporting projects particularly thorny. The spectrum of self-reporting is extremely diverse. Projects can be scientific, commercial or other, can raise important privacy concerns, can be vulnerable to harm due to organised manipulation and poor governance. They change over time, with a tendency to function creep. The greatest scientific potential is through linkage between heterogeneous data sources; however, these practices are also the source of the highest risks for privacy and harms. Also, people take part for the most heterogeneous of purposes. Closely controlling their hopes, aims, and beliefs is usually beyond reach. This introduces various biases in the data. It can also introduce risks of self-harm because of the conclusions that people might draw. Lastly, participation in self-reporting is not equally distributed across society. When there are benefits associated in participation, it can exacerbate existing inequalities. Recommendations: The article illustrates three areas of emerging best practice in data governance: bottom-up models such as data trusts and data cooperatives; solidarity as a touchstone principle; and proactive research ethics processes and committees beyond public research institutions. These promising innovations deserve experimentation. Conclusions: Flexible and sustained ethical oversight is key. It is important to act proactively instead of reactively. Best practices must be adapted to the local setting and improved over time.
Teaching critical thinking about health information and choices in secondary schools: human-centred design of digital resources
Authors: Rosenbaum Sarah , Moberg Jenny , Chesire Faith , Mugisha Michael , Ssenyonga Ronald , Ochieng Marlyn A , Simbi Clarisse Marie Claudine , Nakyejwe Esther , Ngatia Benson , Rada Gabriel , Vásquez-Laval Juan , Garrido José Damián , Baguma Grace , Kuloba Sam , Sebukyu Edward , Kabanda Richard , Mwenyango Irene , Muzaale Tonny , Nandi Pamela , Njue Jane , Oyuga Cyril , Rutiyomba Florian , Rugengamanzi Felecien , Murungi Joan , Nsangi Allen , Semakula Daniel , Kaseje Margaret , Sewankambo Nelson , Nyirazinyoye Laetitia , Lewin Simon , Oxman Andrew D , Oxman Matt 
Published: May 2023

Background Learning to thinking critically about health information and choices can protect people from unnecessary suffering, harm, and resource waste. Earlier work revealed that children can learn these skills, but printing costs and curricula compatibility remain important barriers to school implementation. We aimed to develop a set of digital learning resources for students to think critically about health that were suitable for use in Kenyan, Rwandan, and Ugandan secondary schools. Methods We conducted work in two phases collaborating with teachers, students, schools, and national curriculum development offices using a human-centered design approach. First, we conducted context analyses and an overview of teaching strategies, prioritised content and collected examples. Next, we developed lessons and guidance iteratively, informed by data from user-testing, individual and group interviews, and school pilots. Results Final resources include online lesson plans, teachers’ guide, and extra resources, with lesson plans in two modes, for use in a classroom equipped with a blackboard/ﬂip-chart and a projector. The resources are accessible offline for use when electricity or Internet is lacking. Teachers preferred the projector mode, as it provided structure and a focal point for class attention. Feedback was largely positive, with teachers and students appreciating the learning and experiencing it as relevant. Four main challenges included time to teach lessons; incorrect comprehension; identifying suitable examples; and technical, logistical, and behavioural challenges with a student-computer mode that we piloted. We resolved challenges by simplifying and combining lessons; increasing opportunities for review and assessment; developing teacher training materials, creating a searchable set of examples; and deactivating the student-computer mode. Conclusion Using a human-centred design approach, we created digital resources for teaching secondary school students to think critically about health actions and for training teachers. Be smart about your health resources are open access and can be translated or adapted to other settings.
Modern methods of treating marijuana addiction (cannabis use disorders) and its influence on health
Authors: Kapłan Wojciech , Zalewa Karolina , Rachwał Dominika , Bartoszek Lidia , Olszak Joanna , Rogowska Monika , Świdziński Rafał , Lipiec Jakub , Skorupski Bartosz , Piątek Ewa 
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Worldwide, cannabis is the most widely used illegal psychoactive substance and the third most common drug, after alcohol and tobacco. Cannabis use disorder (CUD) affects approximately 10% of the 193 million cannabis users worldwide. In recent years, cannabinoids have become more and more popular. The CUD is becoming a growing social and health problem. The search for effective forms of pharmacotherapy is still ongoing, and an effective combination of psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy may be crucial for the future of CUD treatment.

Material and method: The article was based on a review and analysis of publications and discoveries in recent years, which were available in the PubMed and Google Scholar database.

Results: 82 study participants attempted abstinence from cannabis use. In the final primary endpoint analysis, both 400 mg of CBD and 800 mg of CBD were more effective than placebo in reducing cannabis use. 50 people who were addicted to cannabis treated with gabapentin showed a significant reduction in cannabis use and cannabis withdrawal compared to placebo. Moreover, 70 men addicted to cannabis were randomized and those, who used FAAH inhibitors reported fewer cannabis withdrawal symptoms, less cannabis use and lower THC urine levels than placebo users.
Conclusions: Gabapentin has been proven to show a reduction in CUD. The use of CBD, FAAH inhibitors and psychotherapy MET/CBT/CM also appear to be effective. In addition, the use of the principles of People-First Language, avoiding slang and idioms, using medical and curing vocabulary, respects the addicted person, and also positively influences the chances of abstinence.
Country Reputation and Corporate Activity
Authors: Canayaz Mehmet I. , Darendeli Alper 
Published: May 2023

We study the link between a previously neglected form of intangible firm asset—country reputation—and corporate sales. By exploiting variation in nationalities of foreign victims in local terror attacks, we detect unanticipated distortions in reputations of local countries in foreign countries and we pin down reductions in sales of local country firms in foreign markets. The reductions in sales are economically and statistically significant, persistent, and more pronounced after attacks with high levels of foreign media coverage. Local country firms, whose names resemble names from their countries of origin, experience greater deteriorations in their sales. The distortions in country reputations are associated with depreciations in overall firm value, sales growth, and profitability. This paper was accepted by Gustavo Manso, finance. Funding: M. I. Canayaz thanks Oxford University Centre for Corporate Reputation for financial support. This work was supported by the Singapore Ministry of Education [Academic Research FundTier 1, RG170/18]. Supplemental Material: The data files and online appendix are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.4753 .
Are we overtreating patients with malignant colorectal polyps? A 5-year review of the ACPGBI position statement
Authors: Korambayil SM , Iyer S , Moran A , Beaton C 
Published: May 2023

Introduction In 2013, The Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland (ACPGBI) issued a position statement regarding management of malignant polyps. We reviewed the management of endoscopically resected malignant colorectal polyps in a district general hospital to evaluate whether patients were being overtreated as per these guidelines. Methods All patients who underwent a complete, non-piecemeal endoscopic removal of a malignant polyp between October 2013 and September 2018 were studied. Polyps were risk stratified for residual disease and followed up as per the ACPGBI. Patients were divided into two groups based on management after polypectomy. Primary outcome measured was the presence of residual tumour or involved lymph nodes in the resection specimen. Secondary outcomes included complications and recurrence. Results Thirty-three patients were included: 21 in the non-operative group (NOG) and 12 in the operative group (OG). The ACPGBI risk score in the NOG varied between 1 and over 4 compared with the OG who all scored over 4. Two patients in the OG (16%) demonstrated residual disease. Five patients suffered a postoperative complication. No recurrences were noted in the OG and one in the NOG. Conclusion Our findings against a backdrop of the available literature suggest that the risk of residual disease after malignant polypectomy may not be as high as stated by the ACPGBI. As a result, there is a risk of overtreating patients and exposing them to the significant complications of surgery if careful consideration is not exercised.
Actively tunable graphene ribbon based multi-band THz polarizer with a high extinction ratio
Authors: Anjali  , Varshney R. K. , Kumar Sunil 
Published: May 2023

An electrically tunable surface plasmon resonance based graphene ribbon (GR) terahertz (THz) polarizer with an adjustable operating frequency, high extinction ratio, and low insertion loss is reported here, and is simple and fabrication feasible. The proposed metasurface structure comprises a periodic array of graphene ribbons deposited on a quartz–silicon substrate. The operating frequency of the GR-polarizer can be tuned by varying the gap between GRs, GR pitch, GR width, and Fermi level in graphene. Beyond the available graphene-based polarizers, the proposed device exhibits a high extinction ratio (ER) of up to 75 dB with simultaneous insertion loss of ∼1.5dB at the optimized frequency of 1.69 THz. In addition, an average ER of ∼30dB with insertion loss of ∼2dB in the broad frequency range of 0.8–2.5 THz is demonstrated. Such metastructure polarizing devices, enriched with the nontrivial functionalities of graphene, would open up a fertile platform for designing a range of integrated photonic components for useful applications in THz optoelectronics, biomedical engineering, and microfluidics.
Gastrointestinal Manifestations of CLOVES Syndrome
Authors: St-Pierre Joëlle , Mirakhur Anirudh , Forbes Nauzer 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
Congenital lipomatous overgrowth, vascular malformations, epidermal nevi, and scoliosis/skeletal/spinal anomalies (CLOVES) is a recently recognized syndrome. It is caused by somatic mutations in the PIK3CA gene that regulates cell growth and division. Although gastrointestinal manifestations of other PIK3CA-associated disorders have been described, they have not been well-characterized in CLOVES syndrome. We present a case report of a 34-year-old man with an established diagnosis of CLOVES syndrome who underwent a diagnostic colonoscopy for hematochezia and colonic wall thickening on imaging. Colonoscopy revealed widespread variceal-like submucosal lesions. Computed tomography/angiography showed the absence of the inferior mesenteric vein, impairing venous drainage.
Numerical study of the FRP-concrete bond behavior under thermal variations
Authors: Dimitri Rossana , Rinaldi Martina , Tornabene Francesco , Micelli Francesco 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In a context where daily and seasonal temperature changes or potential fire exposure can affect the mechanical response of structures strengthened with fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites during their life cycle, the present work studies the bond behavior of FRP laminates glued to concrete substrates under a thermal variation. The problem is tackled computationally by means of a contact algorithm capable of handling both the normal and tangential cohesive responses, accounting for the effect of thermal variations on the interfacial strength and softening parameters, which defines the failure surface and post cracking response of the selected specimen. A parametric investigation is performed systematically to check for the effect of thermo-mechanical adhesive and geometrical properties on the debonding load of the FRP-to-concrete structural system. The computational results are successfully validated against some theoretical predictions from literature, which could serve as potential benchmarks for developing further thermo-mechanical adhesive models, even in a coupled sense, for other reinforcement-to-substrate systems, useful for design purposes in many engineering applications.
Constructing East Asians in a European comic book series
Authors: Adibeik Arezoo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis study focuses on the British English version of Hergé’sThe Adventures of Tintin, a series of adventure comics created from 1929 to 1976. The series became increasingly popular throughout the mid-twentieth century and remains so even to the present day. However, it is still a subject of intrigue and controversy for many scholars due to the alleged racist/ethnic stereotypes in this series in terms of the visual representations and narratives. This paper explores the construction of the most frequently occurring non-European ethnic groups in the Tintin series, the East Asians, focusing on selected character roles regarding their functions, ethnicity, and dispersion throughout different narrative plots in three volumes where they were depicted. To that end, this research integrates Vladimir Propp’s narrative analysis and Martin Reisigl and Ruth Wodak’s discourse historical approach to critical discourse studies, while drawing on parts of Theo van Leeuwen’s social semiotic model in the analysis of images as well as Teun A. van Dijk’s strategies of positive-Self and negative Others presentation. The findings show some idiosyncrasies in terms of East Asians’ distinctive national identities and the dynamicity between the macro-strategies of positive Self versus negative Other representations in the series while touching on the concept of “internal Others.”
TIG-weldability of AISI 430 and DUROSTAT 500 grade
Authors: Aydin Sinan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In this study, 10 mm thick DUROSTAT 500 and AISI 430 grades were joined by double sided keyhole tungsten inert gas (K-TIG) welding method without using filler material. The characterization of the microstructure of the weld zone was investigated by optical analysis methods and the mechanical properties of the welded parts were examined by mechanical tests. The fracture surface structure of the parts that were broken as a result of the tests were examined. No deterioration was observed in the welded samples. It was determined that the weld penetration increased as a result of the increase in the amount of heat entering the weld zone with the increasing welding current.
Homozygous CDH2 variant may be associated with hypopituitarism without neurological disorders
Authors: Ferreira Nathalia G B P , Madeira Joao L O , Gergics Peter , Kertsz Renata , Marques Juliana M , Trigueiro Nicholas S S , Benedetti Anna Flavia Figueredo , Azevedo Bruna V , Fernandes Bianca H V , Bissegatto Debora D , Biscotto Isabela P , Fang Qing , Ma Qianyi , Ozel Asye B , Li Jun , Camper Sally A , Jorge Alexander A L , Mendonça Berenice B , Arnhold Ivo J P , Carvalho Luciani R 
Published: May 2023

Context
Congenital hypopituitarism is a genetically heterogeneous condition. Whole exome sequencing (WES) is a promising approach for molecular diagnosis of patients with this condition.

Objectives
The aim of this study is to conduct WES in a patient with congenital hypopituitarism born to consanguineous parents, CDH2 screening in a cohort of patients with congenital hypopituitarism, and functional testing of a novel CDH2 variant.

Design
Genomic DNA from a proband and her consanguineous parents was analyzed by WES. Copy number variants were evaluated. The genetic variants were filtered for population frequency (ExAC, 1000 genomes, gnomAD, and ABraOM), in silico prediction of pathogenicity, and gene expression in the pituitary and/or hypothalamus. Genomic DNA from 145 patients was screened for CDH2 by Sanger sequencing.

Results
One female patient with deficiencies in growth hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, adrenocorticotropic hormone, luteinizing hormone, and follicle-stimulating hormone and ectopic posterior pituitary gland contained a rare homozygous c.865G>A (p.Val289Ile) variant in CDH2. To determine whether the p.Val289Ile variant in CDH2 affects cell adhesion properties, we stably transfected L1 fibroblast lines, labeled the cells with lipophilic dyes, and quantified aggregation. Large aggregates formed in cells expressing wildtype CDH2, but aggregation was impaired in cells transfected with variant CDH2 or non-transfected.

Conclusion
A homozygous CDH2 allelic variant was found in one hypopituitarism patient, and the variant impaired cell aggregation function in vitro. No disease-causing variants were found in 145 other patients screened for CDH2 variants. Thus, CDH2 is a candidate gene for hypopituitarism that needs to be tested in different populations.

Significance statement
A female patient with hypopituitarism was born from consanguineous parents and had a homozygous, likely pathogenic, CDH2 variant that impairs cell aggregation in vitro. No other likely pathogenic variants in CDH2 were identified in 145 hypopituitarism patients.