bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Midwife-led Pandemic Telemedicine Services for Maternal Health and Gender-Based Violence Screening in Bangladesh: An Implementation Research Case Study
Authors: Islam Amirul , Begum Farida , Williams Anna , Basri Rabeya , Ara Rowsan , Anderson Rondi 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted maternal and newborn health services in Bangladesh, increasing the large gaps in service utilization that existed prior to the pandemic. As part of its response, Bangladesh initiated remote antenatal and postnatal care telemedicine services led by midwives in 36 sub-district hospitals across five of Bangladesh’s 64 districts. Gender-based violence screening and referral were integrated into the service to address a reported rise in violence following the country’s pandemic lockdown.
Methods
Mixed-methods implementation research was used to develop a case study describing the design and implementation of the telemedicine program. Qualitative analysis comprised document review, key informant interviews, and focus group discussions. Quantitative analysis employed descriptive statistics to compare service use trends before and after implementation.
Results
Challenges included the unanticipated need to introduce a scheduling system in all intervention hospitals and that many women were not reachable by phone due to lack of access or network coverage. Some women were also reluctant to discuss gender-based violence. However, maternity care service use increased, with 19%-31% more women receiving skilled maternal and newborn care than otherwise would have. In addition, there was a doubling of cases of postpartum hemorrhage and eclampsia that were identified and effectively responded to.
Conclusions
Maternal health and gender-based violence telemedicine led by midwives was an effective, low-cost intervention in Bangladesh for addressing pandemic and pre-pandemic gaps in service use. Other low and middle-income countries planning to implement remote maternal health interventions via midwives should consider whether a scheduling system needs to be introduced, as well as limitations around mobile phone access and connectivity. Future research should include care quality oversight and improvement.
Environmental Pollution loads on surface Water Chemistry and Potentially Ecological Risks of Inland Aquatic Ecosystem In South-eastern State, Nigeria
Authors: Ubuoh E.A , Nwogu F.U , Ofoegbu C.C , Chikezie P.C 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

The study assessed water chemistry of Nworie inland aquatic ecosystem in South eastern, Nigeria. Water samples were taken from the upper, middle, and lower river at 200m interval. Data collected were subjected to multivariate Statistics. Results of physicochemical tracers indicated mean Ph, CaCO3, Ca2+&Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) to be 6.2, 172.8mg/l, 103.1mg/l, 16.50mg/l respectively above the WHO critical limits, while others were below the limits. Heavy metals (mg/l) showed mean values viz: Cd 2+(0.053), Cr2+(0.049), Fe2+(0.443), Ni2+(0.024), and Pb (0.787) which were all above some critical global limits, except for Cu2+ and Zn2+ and in decreasing abundance: Pb2+≥ Fe2+≥Cu2+≥Zn2+≥Cd2+≥ Cr2+≥ Ni2. Physicochemical tracers and elements in water correlated in both positive and negative directions. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed significant loads of PC3; CaCO3, NO3, COD, DO, Ca, PO4, Cu, Fe, Zn, PC2; moderate loads of SO4, Cl, & Na originating from complex human activities. Contamination factor (Cf), pollution load & ecological risk recorded low in decreasing order: Cr2+≥Zn2+≥Ni2+≥ Cd2+≥ Pb2+ ≥ Cu2+≥ Fe2+ with contamination degree in order of: Lower River (LR)≥Upper River(UR)≥Middle River(MR) and low risk index. Continuous monitoring of human activities along the whole River is important to mitigate any aquatic ecosystem damage for water quality sustainability.
Risk assessment and clinical prediction model of planned transfer to the ICU after hip arthroplasty in elderly individuals
Authors: Sun Jianguang , Huang Lue , Yang Yali , Liao Hongxing 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: With the development of hip arthroplasty technology and rapid rehabilitation theory, the number of hip arthroplasties in elderly individuals is gradually increasing, and their satisfaction with surgery is also gradually improving. However, for elderly individuals, many basic diseases, poor nutritional status, the probability of surgery, anaesthesia and postoperative complications cannot be ignored. How to reduce theincidence of postoperative complications, optimize medical examination for elderly patients, and reasonably allocate medical resources. This study focuses on the construction of a clinical prediction model for planned transfer to the ICU after hip arthroplasty in elderly individuals.
Methods: Weretrospectively analysed 325 elderly patients who underwent hip arthroplasty. The general data and preoperative laboratory test results of the patients were collected. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to screen independent influencing factors. The backwards LR method was used to establish the prediction model. Then, we assessed and verified the degree of discrimination, calibration and clinical usefulness of the model. Finally, the prediction model was rendered in the form of a nomogram.
Results:Age, blood glucose, direct bilirubin, glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, serum albumin, prothrombin time and haemoglobin were independent influencing factors of planned transfer to the ICU after hip arthroplasty. The area under the curve (AUC) of discrimination and the 500 bootstrap internal validation AUC of this prediction model was 0.793. The calibration curve fluctuated around the ideal curve and had no obvious deviation from the ideal curve. When the prediction probability was 12%-80%, the clinical decision curve was above two extreme lines. The discrimination, calibration and clinical applicability of this prediction model were good. The clinical prediction model was compared with the seven factors in the model for discrimination and clinical use. The discrimination and clinical practicability of this prediction model were superior to those of the internal factors.
Conclusion: The prediction model has good clinical prediction ability and clinical practicability. The model is presented in the form of a linear graph, which provides an effective reference for the individual risk assessment of patients.
Nutrient supply from marine small-scale fisheries
Authors: Viana Daniel F. , Zamborain-Mason Jessica , Gaines Steven D. , Schmidhuber Josef , Golden Christopher D. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Over 2 billion people are unable to access safe, nutritious and sufficient food year-round. While global fisheries are considered key in providing essential nutrients to hundreds of millions of people around the globe, the specific contribution of small-scale fisheries to the nutrient supply given other available food supplies is unknown. Here, we combined multiple global databases to quantify the importance of marine small-scale fisheries to national-level nutrient supply of coastal populations. We found that, on average across assessed nutrients (iron, zinc, calcium, DHA+EPA and vitamins A and B12), small-scale fisheries contributed about 32% of overall global seafood nutrient supply, 17% of the nutrient supply from animal-sourced foods and 10% of nutrient supply from all foods. These global averages, however, underrepresent some key roles of ocean-based foods. Combining nutrient supply estimates with global estimates of inadequate nutrient intake, we found that about half of coastal countries that have at least 50% of mean inadequate intake across assessed nutrients (iron, zinc, calcium, DHA+EPA and vitamins A and B12) rely on small-scale fisheries for at least 15% of mean nutrient supply, and many rely on small scale fisheries for more that 30% of mean nutrient supply. Small-scale fisheries catch is particularly important for the supply of vitamin B12, calcium and DHA+EPA, representing up to 100% of supply in selected countries. Our study demonstrates the significance of small-scale fisheries for nutritionally vulnerable coastal populations, emphasizing how effective fisheries management can contribute to public health.
A centrality measure for quantifying spread on weighted, directed networks
Authors: Fink Christian G. , Fullin Kelly , Gutierrez Guillermo , Omodt Nathan , Zinnecker Sydney , Sprint Gina , McCulloch Sean 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
While many centrality measures for complex networks have been proposed, relatively few have been developed specifically for weighted, directed (WD) networks. Here we propose a centrality measure for spread (of information, pathogens, etc.) through WD networks based on the independent cascade model (ICM). While deriving exact results for the ICM requires Monte Carlo simulations, we show that our centrality measure (Viral Centrality) provides excellent approximation to ICM results for networks in which the weighted strength of cycles is not too large. We show this can be quantified with the leading eigenvalue of the weighted adjacency matrix, and we show that Viral Centrality outperforms other common centrality measures in both simulated and empirical WD networks.
Predictive value of inflammatory burden index in patients with acute myocardial infarction and non-hyperlipidemia
Authors: Zhang Hao , Zhou Tian , Ma Chang , Han Xuexue , Zhang Tianxing , Li Qinxue , Xia Jinggang 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
The inflammatory burden index (IBI) is a novel indicator to assess the systemic inflammatory response. Patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and non-hyperlipidemia still experience major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). This study aims to investigate the relationship between IBI and in-hospital prognosis in patients with AMI and non-hyperlipidemia.
Methods
We conducted a retrospective analysis of 835 patients with AMI and non-hyperlipidemia. The receiver operator characteristic curve was used to compare the prognostic predictive value of systemic inflammation biomarkers. Associations between IBI continuous levels or quartile groups and in-hospital outcomes were evaluated by restricted cubic spline and Logistic regression adjusted for clinical factors and cardiovascular biomarkers.
Results
Compared with other systemic inflammation biomarkers, the IBI had the highest accuracy in predicting in-hospital MACE (C-statistic = 0.639, p < 0.001). IBI was positively and significantly associated with MACE risk. For every 50-U change in IBI, the risk of MACE increased by 5.1% (p = 0.046), and the same trend was observed in the restricted cubic spline. In the multivariate model, IBI exhibited an independent risk factor for composite MACE (quartile 4 versus quartile 1 odds ratio, 2.296; 95% confidence interval, 1.262–4.178, p = 0.003). In terms of each specific adverse event, IBI was associated with ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation, cardiac arrest, and cardiovascular death.
Conclusion
Inflammation still plays an important role in patients with AMI and non-hyperlipidemia. IBI was closely associated with in-hospital prognosis, might have better predictive value and become a new target for anti-inflammatory treatment in patients with AMI and non-hyperlipidemia.
Goldenhar syndrome complicated with subglottic airway stenosis: a case report.
Authors: Xing Fei , Deng Xiao ming , Yang Dong 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Goldenhar syndrome is a congenital disease that involves an absence or underdevelopment of structures that arise from the first and second pharyngeal arches and more or less severe extracranial anomalies. A variety of supraglottic malformations may be observed, including mandibular hypoplasia, mandibular asymmetry and micrognathia. Subglottic airway stenosis (SGS), which can cause difficulties in airway management during the perioperative period, is seldom emphasized in literature descriptions of Goldenhar syndrome, but can be clinically significant.
Case presentation
An 18-year-old female with a history of Goldenhar syndrome presented for placement of a right mandibular distractor, right retroauricular dilator, and stage I transfer of a prefabricated expanded flap under general anesthesia. During tracheal intubation, the endotracheal tube (ETT) met resistance unexpectantly when attempting to pass through the glottis. Subsequently, we attempted the procedure with a smaller size ETT but again met resistance. With fiberoptic bronchoscope, we found that the whole segment of the trachea and bilateral bronchi were obvious narrow. Given the finding of unexpected severe airway stenosis and the associated risks with proceeding with the surgery, the operation was cancelled. We removed the ETT once the patient was fully awake.
Conclusions
Anesthesiologists should be aware of this clinical finding when evaluating the airway of a patient with Goldenhar syndrome. Coronal and sagittal measurements on computerized tomography (CT) and three-dimensional image reconstruction can be used to evaluate the degree of subglottic airway stenosis and measure the diameter of the trachea.
Clinical impact of diarrhea during enteral feeding after esophagectomy
Authors: Haneda Ryoma , Hiramatsu Yoshihiro , Kawata Sanshiro , Soneda Wataru , Murakami Tomohiro , Booka Eisuke , Matsumoto Tomohiro , Morita Yoshifumi , Kikuchi Hirotoshi , Takeuchi Hiroya 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: Enteral feeding (EF) is recommended to enhance nutritional status after esophagectomy; however, diarrhea is a common complication of EF. We investigated the clinical and prognostic impact of diarrhea during EF after esophagectomy.
Methods: One hundred and fifty-two patients who underwent transthoracic esophagectomy were enrolled. The King's stool chart was used for stool characterization. The short- and long-term outcomes were compared between a non-diarrhea (Group N) and diarrhea group (Group D).
Results: A higher dysphagia score (≥ 1) was observed more frequently in Group D than in Group N (45.7% vs. 19.8%, p = 0.002). Deterioration of serum total protein, serum albumin, serum cholinesterase, and the prognostic nutritional index after esophagectomy was greater in Group D than in Group N (p = 0.003, 0.004, 0.014, and 0.001, respectively). Patients in Group D had significantly worse overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS)than those in Group N (median survival time (MST): OS, 21.9 vs. 30.6 months, p = 0.001; RFS, 12.4 vs. 27.7 months, p < 0.001). In stratified analysis due to age, although there was no difference in OS with or without diarrhea in young patients (MST: 24.1 months in a diarrhea group vs. 33.6 months in a non-diarrhea group, p = 0.218), patients in a diarrhea group had significantly worse OS than those in a non-diarrhea group in elderly patients (MST: 17.8 months vs. 27.9 months, p< 0.001).
Conclusions: Diarrhea during EF can put elderly patients at risk of postoperative malnutrition and a poor prognosis after esophagectomy.
Tuning the acidity of halloysite by polyionic liquid to develop an efficient catalyst for the conversion of fructose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural
Authors: Sadjadi Samahe , Yaghoubi Soheila , Zhong Xuemin , Yuan Peng , Heravi Majid M. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In attempt to prepare a low-cost and efficient acidic heterogeneous catalyst for the conversion of fructose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural under mild reaction conditions, the acidity of halloysite was improved by covalently grafting of an acidic polyionic liquid. More precisely, halloysite was first vinyl functionalized and then polymerized with vinyl imidazole and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid. The tangling imidazole rings were further converted to acidic ionic liquids by treating with chlorosulfuric acid. UV-Vis spectroscopy and Hammett equation confirmed that conjugation of acid polyionic liquid resulted in the increase of the acidity of halloysite. Investigation of the efficiency of the catalyst for the synthesis of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and optimization of reaction variables showed that 5-hydroxymethylfurfural was yielded in 97.8% after 30 min under the optimum conditions, i.e. catalyst loading of 20 wt% at 70°C. Notably, the catalyst was highly reusable and it could be reused for at least seven reaction runs with insignificant loss of its activity. Furthermore, this catalyst could also promote the conversion of sucrose and maltose to give moderate yields of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural.
Tuberculoma masquerading as an en plaque Meningioma leading to a Diagnostic and Therapeutic Dilemma; a Case Report and a Multidisciplinary Perspective
Authors: Mohammed Salhadin , Abebe Fasil Tesfaye , Negash Hanna Assefa , Megersa Thomas Bogale , Guyolla Yabello Hirbo , Nedi Addisu , Bonger Mulugeta Temesgen , Ayele Christian , Hailemariam Fekadu 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Introduction: Reports of an imaging or pathological diagnosis of en-plaque tuberculoma are limited. To our knowledge, descriptions of en-plaque tuberculoma are limited to a cluster of few cases, and this is the only reported case from Ethiopia. This report includes a follow-up course of the patient after neurosurgical intervention and admission to our neurology ward.
Case Presentation: We present a 40-year-old Ethiopian woman, who came to our hospital with a complaint of a one-year history of global-type headache, projectile vomiting, blurring of vision, and diplopia, followed by a change in behavior of four months duration. Apart from obesity, the patient had no family or personal history of chronic illness and denied constitutional symptoms. Her neurological examination was notable for CN VI Palsy and was otherwise unremarkable. Brain MRI done at the time revealed a right frontoparietal dural-based ill-defined contrast-enhancing non-restricting mass likely representing en plaque tumor (meningioma) (with dural and leptomeningeal involvement) while CNS Tuberculosis and Sarcoidosis were considered as differential diagnoses. After evaluation by our neurosurgical team, the patient underwent craniotomy and gross total resection (GTR), after which the excised mass was sent for a neuropathologic diagnosis. The pathologic section showed fragments of large areas of necrosis, multinucleated giant cells, and well-formed epithelioid granulomas, suggestive of Tuberculosis. Her postoperative course was complicated by hospital-acquired infections, drug-induced liver injury (DILI), and renal failure, culminating in her demise.
Conclusion: The present case describes a patient with CNS Tuberculosis having an atypical presentation, leading to the entertainment of an alternate diagnosis. This case highlights the fact that TB continues to masquerade as other diseases, even in the 21st century. Beyond the high index of suspicion needed to rightly diagnose our patients, appropriate interventional diagnostic tools (like stereotactic brain biopsy) are required for a subsequent management plan.
Sound signal analysis in Japanese speech recognition based on deep learning algorithm
Authors: Xiaoxing Yang 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
As an important carrier of information, since sound can be collected quickly and is not limited by angle and light, it is often used to assist in understanding the environment and creating information. Voice signal recognition technology is a typical speech recognition application. This article focuses on the voice signal recognition technology around various deep learning models. By using deep learning neural networks with different structures and different types, information and representations related to the recognition of sound signal samples can be obtained, so as to further improve the detection accuracy of the sound signal recognition detection system. Based on this, this paper proposes an enhanced deep learning model of multi-scale neural convolutional network and uses it to recognize sound signals. The CCCP layer is used to reduce the dimensionality of the underlying feature map, so that the units captured in the network will eventually have internal features in each layer, thereby retaining the feature information to the maximum extent, which will form a convolutional multi-scale model in network deep learning Neurons. Finally, the article discusses the related issues of Japanese speech recognition on this basis. This article first uses the font (gra-phonem), that is, all these Japanese kana and common Chinese characters, using a total of 2795 units for modeling. There is a big gap between the experiment and the (BiLSTM-HMM) system. In addition, when Japanese speech is known, it is incorporated into the end-to-end recognition system to improve the performance of the Japanese speech recognition system. Based on the above-mentioned deep learning and sound signal analysis experiments and principles, the final effect obtained is better than the main effect of the Japanese speech recognition system of the latent Markov model and the long-short memory network, thus promoting its development.
Implication of machine learning for relapse prediction after allogeneic stem cell transplantation in adults with Ph-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Afanaseva Kseniia S. , Bakin Evgeny A. , Smirnova Anna G. , Barkhatov Ildar M. , Gindina Tatiana L. , Moiseev Ivan S. , Bondarenko Sergey N. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The posttransplant relapse in Ph-positive ALL increases the risk of death. There is an unmet need for instruments to predict the risk of relapse and plan prophylaxis treatments. In this study we analyzed posttransplant data by machine learning algorithms. Seventy-four Ph-positive ALL patients with median age of 30 (range, 18–55) years, who previously underwent allo-HSCT were retrospectively enrolled. Ninety-three percent of patients received prophylactic/preemptive TKIs after allo-HSCT. The values ​​of the BCR::ABL1 level at serial assessments and over variables were collected in specified intervals after allo-HSCT and were used to model relapse risk with several machine learning approaches. GBM proved superior to the other algorithms utilized and provided maximal AUC score of 0.91. BCR::ABL1 level before and after allo-HSCT, prediction moment and chronic GvHD had the highest value in the model. It was shown that after Day + 100 both error rates don’t exceed 22%, while before D + 100 the model fails to make accurate prediction. After day + 100 patients with chronic GVHD, BCR::ABL1 level more than 0.11% post-transplant and current BCR::ABL1 above 0.06% can be classified as high risk group of relapse. At the same time, if the patient had no chronic GVHD after allo-HSCT till the prediction moment, he should be classified to a high risk group already with a BCR::ABL1 level more than 0,05% at any time point. GBM model with posttransplant laboratory values of BCR::ABL1 provides high prediction of relapse in the era of TKIs prophylaxis. Validation of this approach is warranted.