bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diaroyl‐S,N‐ketene Acetals: Red‐Shifted Solid‐State and Aggregation‐Induced Emitters from a One‐Pot Synthesis
Authors: Biesen Lukas , Hartmann Yannic , Müller Thomas J. J. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSymmetric and unsymmetric diaroyl‐S,N‐ketene acetals can be readily accessed in consecutive syntheses in good to excellent yields by exploiting the inherent nucleophilic character of the methine position. Different aroyl‐S,N‐ketene acetals as well as acid chlorides yield a library of 19 diaroyl compounds with substitution and linker pattern‐tunable emission properties, leading to a significant red‐shift of emission in the solid and aggregated state, which was thoroughly investigated. Additionally, the stability of the luminescent aggregates is highly increased. In a follow‐up one‐pot procedure, pyrazolo‐S,N‐ketene acetals can easily be accessed employing a nucleophilic cyclocondensation.
Online feature selection for hierarchical classification learning based on improved ReliefF
Authors: Wang Chenxi , Ren Mengli , E Chen , Guo Lei , Yu Xiehua , Lin Yaojin , Li Shaozi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn hierarchical classification learning, the feature space of data has high dimensionality and is unknown with emergent features. To solve the above problems, we propose an online hierarchical feature selection algorithm based on adaptive ReliefF. Firstly, ReliefF is adaptively improved via using the density information of instances around the target sample, making it unnecessary to prespecify parameters. Secondly, the hierarchical relationship between classes is used, and a new method for calculating the feature weight of hierarchical data is defined. Then, an online correlation analysis method based on feature interaction is designed. Finally, the adaptive ReliefF algorithm is improved based on feature redundancy, and the feature weight is scaled by the correlation between features in order to achieve the dynamic updating of feature redundancy. A large number of experiments verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.
96 kN-sec endurance test of the R-200 low power hall thruster
Authors: Lev Dan , Franco Daniel Katz , Zimmerman Raul , Tordjman Moshe , Auslender Boaz , Epstein Oren 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe R-200 low power Hall thruster unit completed a 96 kNs endurance test, during which the anode mass flow rate was adjusted to maintain a constant power of 250 W throughout the campaign. The test was performed at Rafael, while the initial performance validation was conducted at ESTEC. At the end of the endurance test the thruster exhibited nearly unchanged performance and did not reach its end-of-life. During the endurance test, the thruster performance was characterized 5 times in the 100–250 W discharge power range, the ceramic channel profile was measured 6 times to assess the erosion rate, thrust was continuously tracked multiple times a day, an ignition test was conducted after 60 kNs to assess continuous operation impact on ignition capability, and sensitivity to magnetic field changes was checked twice (at 12 kNs and 65 kNs). Two notable events occurred during the test – a cathode keeper breach and a ceramic channel breach. The keeper electrode was replaced, and cathode position adjusted. following the ceramic channel breach the thruster continued to operate regularly, and with no performance degradation, even after the inner pole was exposed to the plasma discharge. The thruster generated a constant thrust of 13 mN throughout the entire test while the Isp decreased from 1,250 s at the beginning of life to 1,160 s at the end of test. Performance degradation of less than 10% was measured at all operating points in the 100–250 W discharge power range at the end of the experiment. The ignition test validated 300 successful thruster ignition cycles. Using channel profile geometry data, a simple semi-empirical erosion model was calibrated to predict future breaching events and allow for an improved channel design. The information gathered during this endurance test campaign was used to redesign the cathode keeper and inner ceramic channel profile. A subsequent test of the improved thruster unit design showed an expected lifetime of over 200 kNs.
The efficacy of acupuncture combined with other therapies in post stroke cognitive impairment: A network meta-analysis
Authors: Li Shenwei , Wang Dongyan , Zhang Yiyin , Huo Hong , Liu Yue , Wang Yiyan , Zhao Dongxue , Dong Xu , Zhang Hongyan 
Published: July 2023

Background:
The network meta-analysis was used to evaluate the efficacy of acupuncture combined with other therapies in the treatment of post stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI).

Methods:
The China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang DATA, Vip Chinese Periodic Service Platform, PUBMED, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Embase were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published before March 18, 2023. Two researchers independently reviewed articles and extracted data, and then qualified papers were included in the study. STATA 14.0 was used for network meta-analysis.

Results:
A total of 29 articles including 2241 patients were included in this study. The treatment of the intervention group includes acupuncture combined with traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions (TCMP), acupuncture combined with hyperbaric oxygen (HBO), acupuncture combined with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), acupuncture combined with cognitive rehabilitation (CR), acupuncture combined with donepezil. The intervention of the control group includes acupuncture, HBO, rTMS, CR, TCMP, and donepezil. In terms of improving the score of Minimum Mental State Examination (MMSE), acupuncture combined with TCMP was most likely to be the best treatment (P < .05). In terms of improving the score of Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), acupuncture combined with TCMP was most likely to be the best treatment (P < .05). In terms of improving the total effective rate of clinical treatment, acupuncture combined with rTMS was most likely to be the best treatment (P < .05).

Conclusion:
Acupuncture combined with TCMP may be the best treatment method among all of the above treatments for PSCI.
Oriental medicine as collaborating treatments with conventional treatments for knee osteoarthritis: A PRISMA-compliant systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Park Yeon-Cheol , Park Kyeong-Ju , Goo Bon-Hyuk , Kim Jung-Hyun , Seo Byung-Kwan , Baek Yong-Hyeon 
Published: July 2023

Background:
We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of oriental medicine (OM) treatments as monotherapy and add-on therapy compared to conventional treatments for knee osteoarthritis and assess the quality of evidence for these results. OM treatment included acupuncture, herbal medicine, pharmacoacupuncture, and moxibustion.

Methods:
PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Google Scholar, 4 Korean medical databases (KoreaMed, Korean Studies Information Service System, Research Information Service System, and Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System), and one Chinese database (China National Knowledge Infrastructure) were searched for articles published between January 1, 2000, and January 1, 2021. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the effect of OM interventions, single or combined with conventional treatments, on knee osteoarthritis were searched. The risk of bias and quality of evidence of the included studies were evaluated using the Cochrane Collaboration’s risk of bias tool and Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation methods, respectively.

Results:
A total of 3911 relevant studies were retrieved and only 23 studies were included for systematic review. Most of the studies showed a significant effect on knee osteoarthritis. 21 studies comparing single OM treatment with conventional treatment were included in the meta-analysis. The effect size of standardized mean difference (SMD) was analyzed as a “small effect” with 0.48 (95% CI −0.80 to −0.16, Z = 2.98, P = .003). In addition, a meta-analysis of 4 studies comparing integrative treatment with conventional treatment showed a “very large effect” with 1.52 (95% CI −2.09 to −0.95, Z = 5.19, P < .001).

Conclusion:
Our results suggest that single OM treatment and integrative treatment significantly reduce pain in patients with knee osteoarthritis. However, there is a limited number of RCTs considering integrative treatment which implies more related RCTs should be conducted in the future.
Chinese herbal medicine Buyang Huanwu Decoction in treatment of peripheral nerve injury: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Liu Hongwen , Li Jiao , Xu Wenhao , Li Yikai , Yin Li 
Published: July 2023

Background:
Peripheral nerve injuries (PNI) resulting from trauma can be severe and permanently disabling, approximately one-third of PNIs demonstrate incomplete recovery and poor functional restoration. However, despite extensive research on this aspect, complete functional recovery remains a challenge. In East Asian countries, Chinese herbal Buyang Huanwu Decoction (BHD) has been used to treat PNI for more than 200 years, and the studies of BHD to treat PNI have been increasing in recent years based on positive clinical outcomes. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to scientifically evaluate the safety and clinical efficacy of BHD in patients with PNI.

Method:
A literature search was conducted on PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, and Sinomed databases for randomized controlled clinical trials that evaluated the safety and effects of BHD alone or combination treatment on PNI.

Results:
A total of 14 studies involving 1415 participants were included in this study. Each trial did not show significant heterogeneity or publication bias. The results showed that significant improvements of the total clinical effective rate (odds ratio = 3.55; 95% confidence interval [CI] = [2.62, 4.81]; P < .0001), radial nerve function score (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 1.28; 95% CI = [1.09, 1.47]; P = .007), motor nerve conduction velocity (SMD = 1.59; 95% CI = [1.40, 1.78]; P < .0001), sensory nerve conduction velocity (SMD = 1.69; 95% CI = [1.34, 2.05]; P < .0001), and electromyography amplitude (SMD = 2.67; 95% CI = [1.27, 4.06]; P = .0002), and significantly reduce of the visual analog scale scores (SMD = −3.85; 95% CI = [−7.55, −0.15]; P = .04) in the BHD group compared with the control group. In addition, there were no serious and permanent adverse effects in the 2 groups, the difference was not significant (odds ratio = 1.00; 95% CI = [0.40, 2.50]; P = 1.00).

Conclusion:
Current evidence suggests that BHD is an effective and safe treatment for PNI and could be treated as a complementary and alternative option with few side effects compared to a single treatment with neurotrophic drugs or electrical stimulation. However, considering the low methodological quality of the included studies, further rigorous studies are required.
2L polyethylene glycol combined with castor oil versus 4L polyethylene glycol for bowel preparation before colonoscopy among inpatients
Authors: Xiong Zhe , Fang Ying , Feng Fangfang , Cheng Yiming , Huo Chunyan , Huang Jin 
Published: July 2023

Inpatients are more likely to have inadequate bowel preparation compared to outpatients. Although experts recommend 4L split polyethylene glycol (PEG) preparation, bowel preparation with castor oil (CaO) was recently found to reduce the volume of solution required. The aim of the study was to evaluate the cleansing effect and safety of 2L-PEG with Cao in bowel preparation among inpatients.
Our study retrospectively analyzed the medical records and colonoscopy reports of inpatients (n = 1251) who underwent colonoscopy in the Affiliated Changzhou No.2 People Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, and the inpatients were divided into 2L-PEG-CaO and 4L-PEG group according to different bowel preparation protocols. Boston Bowel Preparation Scale (BBPS) is used to assess bowel preparation efficacy before colonoscopy. Furthermore, we also calculated other outcomes, such as polyp or adenoma detection rates and adverse events. A total of 1251 patients undergoing colonoscopy were included in this study, 738 were taken 4L-PEG and 513 2L-PEG-CaO. Both inpatients groups were matched for baseline characteristics. The 2L-PEG-CaO group was significantly higher than the 4L-PEG group on both BBPS (7.26 ± 1.75 vs 7.06 ± 1.58, P = .043) and adequate bowel cleansing rates (83.2% vs 77.4%, P = .011). Regarding adverse events, the 4L-PEG group was significantly higher than the 2L-PEG-CaO group on the incidence of abdominal fullness (6.4% vs 9.6%, P = .045) and adverse events (33.7% vs 28.5%, P = .048). The 2L split PEG with CaO preparation increased quality of bowel cleansing and improved tolerance in inpatients. Bowel preparation with 2L-PEG-CaO is suitable alternative to traditional 4L split PEG bowel preparation for colonoscopy of inpatients.
A prospective randomized noninferiority trial comparing conventional smears and SurePathTM liquid-based cytology in endoscopic ultrasound-guided sampling of esophageal, gastric, and duodenal lesions
Authors: Jun Jae Chang , Lee Sang Hyub , Lee Han Myung , Kim Sang Gyun , Chung Hyunsoo , Kim Joo Seong , Park Namyoung , Choi Jin Ho , Kwak Yoonjin , Cho Soo-Jeong 
Published: July 2023

Background:
Several liquid-based cytology (LBC) methods are currently used, but the diagnostic accuracy of each method is not well known. We aimed to compare the diagnostic performance of SurePathTM LBC and conventional smear (CS) cytology in endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) samples of esophageal, gastric, and duodenal lesions.

Methods:
As a prospective randomized noninferiority study, patients who needed EUS-FNA due to subepithelial mass in the upper gastrointestinal tract were randomly assigned 1:1 to the LBC and CS groups. Cytologic preparation was carried out using a crossover design where 1 method was used for the first needle-pass sample and another method was used for the second needle-pass sample. The primary outcome was to compare the diagnostic performance between LBC and CS using the final diagnosis as the gold standard.

Results:
A total of 87 patients were randomized and 60 patients were analyzed. There were no differences between LBC and CS in diagnostic accuracy (91.7% vs 86.7%, P = .380), sensitivity (97.7% vs 90.7%, P = .169), specificity (76.5% vs 76.5%, P > .99), negative predictive value (92.9% vs 76.5%, P = .225), or positive predictive value (91.3% vs 90.7%, P = .921). The background of LBC was less bloody than that of CSs (5.0% vs 53.3%, P < .001) and the sample preparation time of LBC was shorter than that of CSs (29 ± 7 seconds vs 90 ± 17 seconds, P < .001).

Conclusion:
In the EUS-FNA of a subepithelial mass in the upper gastrointestinal tract, the diagnostic performance of LBC was not inferior to that of CS. The field of view was better in LBC, because the background was less bloody and necrotic. As LBC is more convenient to perform and takes shorter time, it is expected that it can replace the CS method for EUS-FNA samples.
Exploring the active components and mechanism of modified bazhen decoction in treatment of chronic cerebral circulation insufficiency based on network pharmacology and molecular docking
Authors: Xu Zhongbo , Shen Manyang , Li Lin 
Published: July 2023

Modified bazhen decoction (MBZD) is a classical Chinese medicine formula with potential efficacy in the treatment of chronic cerebral circulation insufficiency (CCCI), and its main components and potential mechanisms are still unclear. The study aimed to investigate the active ingredients and mechanism of action of MBZD in treating CCCI through network pharmacology combined with molecular docking. The chemical composition and targets of 11 Chinese herbs in MBZD were retrieved utilizing the traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform platform, and the targets for CCCI were screened by Genecards, online mendelian inheritance in man, therapeutic target database, and comparative toxicogenomics database databases. The targets were genetically annotated with the Uniprot database. We created a compound-target network employing Cytoscape software and screened the core targets for the treatment of CCCI by CytoNCA clustering analysis; the AutoDock Vina program performed molecular docking study of crucial targets. One thousand one hundred ninety-one active compounds were obtained, 2210 corresponding targets were predicted, 4971 CCCI-related targets were obtained, and 136 intersecting genes were identified between them. The central core targets were IL6, MAPK14, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, RELA, VEGFA, CCND1, CASP3, AR, FOS, JUN, EGFR, MAPK1, AKT1, MYC, and ESR1; gene ontology functional enrichment analysis yielded 911 gene ontology items (P < .01), while Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment yielded 138 signal pathways (P < .01), primarily including oxidative reactions, vascular regulation, apoptosis, and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. The molecular docking results showed that the core active component of MBZD had good binding with the main target.
This research initially uncovered the mechanism of action of MBZD via multi-component-multi-target-multi-pathway for the treatment of CCCI, providing the theoretical basis for the clinical application of MBZD.
Efficacy of perioperative cryotherapy combined with intra-articular injection of tranexamic acid in total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Huang Xiao , Li Fulin , Shi Weifa , Liu Wenhui , Huang Wenwen , Yin Dong 
Published: July 2023

Objective:
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of perioperative cryotherapy combined with intra-articular injection of tranexamic acid (TXA) in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and explore a new strategy of enhanced recovery after TKA.

Methods:
We randomly divided 200 patients into 4 groups: normal saline (10 mL) by drainage (Group A, placebo); intra-articular injection of TXA (1 g, 10 mL, Group B); normal saline (10 mL) and continuous cryotherapy postoperatively (Group C) and intra-articular injection of TXA (1 g, 10 mL) and continuous cryotherapy postoperatively (Group D). Primary outcomes were blood loss volume, postoperative pain and circumference variation. We also recorded consumption of analgesics, postoperative length of stay (p-LOS), range of motion (ROM), function score (Hospital for Special Surgery) and severe complications.

Results:
There were statistically significant differences in postoperative drainage volume, total blood loss, hidden blood loss, and visual analogue scale at rest and walking on postoperative day 1 (POD1), POD2, POD3, ROM (POD3, 7, discharge, postoperative month), circumference variation (POD3, 7), p-LOS, Hospital for Special Surgery score (discharge) and drop of hemoglobin on POD3 (P < .05) among 4 groups, but there were no significant differences in intraoperative blood loss, postoperative prothrombin, activated partial thromboplastin time, overall number of patients or total consumption of oxycodone and perioperative complications (e.g., incidence of surgical site infection, deep venous thrombosis, and cold injury) among them (P > .05).

Conclusion:
Continuous cryotherapy combined with intra-articular injection of TXA provides short-term advantages in reducing blood loss, pain, postoperative swelling, p-LOS and increasing ROM and joint function in the early postoperative period after TKA without increasing any severe complications.
Comparison of the effects of 5 and 10 L/minute fresh gas flow on emergence from sevoflurane anesthesia: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Park Jun-Young , Yu Jihion , Kim Chan-Sik , Baek Ji-Won , Jo Yonggyeong , Kim Young-Kug 
Published: July 2023

Background:
A high fresh gas flow of >5 L/minute is commonly used for emergence from inhalation anesthesia. In addition, a high fresh gas flow may have detrimental effects on climate change. However, no study has determined the optimal fresh gas flow for emergence from inhalation anesthesia. Therefore, we compared the effect of fresh gas flows of 5 L/minute and 10 L/minute on emergence time from sevoflurane anesthesia.

Methods:
Patients who were scheduled for transurethral resection of bladder tumor were randomly assigned to receive fresh gas flows of 5 L/minute (group 5) or 10 L/minute (group 10) during emergence. Emergence time was defined as the time from discontinuation of sevoflurane to tracheal extubation. The primary outcome was the emergence time, and the secondary outcomes were the time to self-movement and the time to eye-opening.

Results:
A total of 54 patients were included. In groups 5 and 10, emergence time (12.1 ± 2.9 minutes vs 11.1 ± 2.7 minutes, respectively; P = .232), time to self-movement (9.4 ± 3.8 minutes vs 8.5 ± 4.6 minutes, respectively; P = .435), and time to eye-opening (11.5 ± 3.1 minute vs 10.6 ± 3.0 minutes, respectively; P = .252) were not significantly different.

Conclusions:
Emergence time, time to self-movement, and time to eye opening were not significantly different between fresh gas flow rates of 5 L/minute and 10 L/minute in transurethral resection of bladder tumor, thus suggesting that fresh gas flow of 5 L/minute is sufficient for emergence from sevoflurane anesthesia.

Trial registration:
ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05376631).
Data mining versus manual screening to select papers for inclusion in systematic reviews: a novel method to increase efficiency
Authors: Ierardi Elena , Eilbeck J. Chris , van Wijck Frederike , Ali Myzoon , Coupar Fiona 
Published: July 2023

Systematic reviews rely on identification of studies, initially through electronic searches yielding potentially thousands of studies, and then reviewer-led screening studies for inclusion. This standard method is time- and resource-intensive.
We designed and applied an algorithm written in Python involving computer-aided identification of keywords within each paper for an exemplar systematic review of arm impairment after stroke. The standard method involved reading each abstract searching for these keywords. We compared the methods in terms of accuracy in identification of keywords, abstracts’ eligibility, and time taken to make a decision about eligibility. For external validation, we adapted the algorithm for a different systematic review, and compared eligible studies using the algorithm with those included in that review.
For the exemplar systematic review, the algorithm failed on 72 out of 2,789 documents retrieved (2.6%). Both methods identified the same 610 studies for inclusion. Based on a sample of 21 randomly selected abstracts, the standard screening took 1.58 ± 0.26 min per abstract. Computer output screening took 0.43 ± 0.14 min per abstract. The mean difference between the two methods was 1.15 min (P < 0.0001), saving 73% per abstract.
For the other systematic review, use of the algorithm resulted in the same studies being identified. One study was excluded based on the interpretation of the comparison intervention.
Our purpose-built software was an accurate and significantly time-saving method for identifying eligible abstracts for inclusion in systematic reviews. This novel method could be adapted for other systematic reviews in future for the benefit of authors, reviewers and editors.