bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What drives perceived internal reputation? Empirical evidence from Chile
Authors: Yue Cen April , Thelen Patrick 
Published: April 2023

PurposeThis study aimed to examine the impact of servant leadership on employees' perception of organizational reputation by investigating the sequential mediating effects of employee psychological empowerment and employee thriving at work.Design/methodology/approachA quantitative online survey with 357 employees from Chile was conducted in this study.FindingsFindings of this study showed that servant leadership both directly and indirectly relates to perceived organizational reputation. Employees perceiving servant leadership behaviors from the employees' supervisors report higher levels of psychological empowerment and, in turn, feel a greater sense of vitality and learning at work that eventually leads to higher ratings of perceived organizational reputation.Originality/valueThis study's novelty lies in extending the internal drivers of organizational reputation by adding behavioral and psychological factors rarely explored in past research.
Tight sandstone gas reservoir characterization via amplitude‐versus‐offset attributes
Authors: Tian Yajun , Stovas Alexey , Gao Jinghuai , Xu Wenhao , Yu Jiaxin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe low porosity and low permeability of tight sandstone pose considerable challenges on characterizing the reservoir fluid. Moreover, the geophysical characteristics of the tight sandstone are usually similar to the surrounding rocks, leading to small impedance contrast, compounding the difficulty of reservoir parameters inversion. Amplitude‐versus‐offset technology is an important tool to invert the reservoir parameters from seismic data. The existing amplitude‐versus‐offset inversion methods are challenged to predict the tight sandstone reservoir parameters for the reasons above. In this paper, we propose a new workflow based on amplitude‐versus‐offset attributes to characterize the tight sandstone gas reservoirs in the Xihu Depression, East China Sea. The proposed workflow utilizes the Backus average method and Gassmann's equation to construct the rock physics model. Based on the analysis of the anisotropic model, we introduce Rüger's anisotropic equation for amplitude‐versus‐offset forward modelling. We compare the amplitude‐versus‐offset gathers with the real data and adjust the reservoir parameters. Through the sensitivity analysis, we select the gas saturation and porosity as the inversion parameters. The relationship between the reservoir parameters and amplitude‐versus‐offset attributes is established by fitting the fifth‐order polynomials. We use Shuey's equation and the least squares inversion method to calculate the amplitude‐versus‐offset attributes (intercept and gradient). For real data, we introduce the Toeplitz‐sparse matrix factorization method to calculate the reflectivity of the amplitude‐versus‐offset gathers. Finally, we proposed a multi‐well joint inversion approach to invert the gas saturation and porosity. The application results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed workflow for the characterization of the gas reservoir in tight sandstone for the describedcase.
The role of access to finance in disaster recovery: Evidence from coastal communities in India
Authors: Hossain Marup , Songsermsawas Tisorn , Toguem Robinson H. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractNatural disasters affect economic activities and welfare of small‐scale producers in developing countries, but may also offer opportunities to reinvest in productive asset, economic capital, and new technologies for future economic prospects. This paper investigates the impacts of a livelihood recovery project that provided access to finance and rehabilitated communal infrastructures in the coastal communities of Tamil Nadu, India which were severely affected by the 2004 tsunami. We replicate the project's eligibility criteria to build the counterfactual to identify control households based on the validation of secondary data and administrative records. Using data from a carefully designed primary survey, we estimate the impacts of providing access to finance and rehabilitating communal infrastructures on economic and livelihood outcomes. Results indicate positive and significant impacts on income, asset and food security. These impacts are mainly driven by improved access to finance provided and participation in groups. Findings highlight the importance of ensuring access to finance for sustainable economic recovery among small‐scale producers, particularly in the aftermath of natural disasters.
Systematic review and meta‐analysis showed that complementary and alternative medicines were not effective for infantile colic
Authors: Cabanillas‐Barea Sara , Jiménez‐del‐Barrio Sandra , Carrasco‐Uribarren Andoni , Ortega‐Martínez Anna , Pérez‐Guillén Silvia , Ceballos‐Laita Luis 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAimOsteopathy and chiropractic techniques are used for babies for different reasons, but it is unclear how effective they are. The aim of this study was to evaluate their effectiveness in reducing crying time and increasing sleeping time in babies with infantile colic.MethodsA systematic review and meta‐analysis was conducted on infantile colic studies that used complementary and alternative medicine techniques as interventions. The outcome measures were hours spent crying and/or sleeping. We used the PubMed, Physiotherapy Evidence Database, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, Osteopathic Medicine Digital Database and Google Scholar databases from inception to 11 November 2022.ResultsThe methodological quality of the randomised control trials ranged from fair to high. We focused on five studies with 422 babies. Complementary treatments failed to decrease the crying time (mean difference −1.08, 95% CI: −2.17 to 0.01, I2 = 92%) and to increase sleeping time (mean difference 1.11, 95% CI: −0.20 to 2.41; I2: 91%), compared with no intervention. The quality of the evidence was rated as very low for both outcome measures.ConclusionOsteopathy and chiropractic treatment failed to reduce the crying time and increase sleeping time in babies with infantile colic, compared with no additional intervention.
Paediatric clinical trials need paediatric clinical trial budgets
Authors: Koulizakos Stavros , Kjellén Tina , Mellgren Karin , Kindblom Jenny M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAimClinical trials and the need for new treatments were recently listed among the most important factors for child health. The aim of the present study was to describe some of our experiences with budget preparations in paediatric clinical trials.MethodsWe selected 10 trials sponsored by the pharmaceutical industry at the Pediatric Clinical Research Center at Sahlgrenska University Hospital in Gothenburg, Sweden. We compared the sponsor's initial budget (budget proposal from the sponsor), with the final budget (negotiated and agreed between sponsor and site) and identified areas where discrepancies may arise.ResultsThe mean difference in total budget amount between the initial budget and the final budget was +60% (mean 59%, range 31%–139%). The costs for preparation of the clinical trial, time spent for study activities and costs for examinations were identified as key budget items for these differences.ConclusionOur findings indicate that a substantial part of the trial‐related costs would not be covered by the sponsor, had the initial budget been accepted. A thorough review and budget negotiation, as well as to have a dedicated team member for this task, are essential to ensure equitable responsibility for the study‐related costs and to avoid discontinuation of trials.
Estimating vital rate variation to assess early success of scrub mint translocations
Authors: Koontz Stephanie M. , López‐Borghesi Federico , Smith Stacy A. , Haller Crate Sarah J. , Quintana‐Ascencio Pedro F. , Menges Eric S. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSpecies translocations are increasingly common in rare plant conservation. Wild populations can provide basic ecological knowledge to improve their chance of success. In the heavily fragmented Florida scrub, USA, many listed species require translocations to persist, including Dicerandra christmanii. In 1994, we began monitoring the only protected population of D. christmanii growing both in gaps (open areas) within the shrub matrix and on roadsides. In 2010, we augmented this population by adding plants and seeds to unoccupied gaps. In 2012, we introduced plants to a separate protected site to create a new population. We evaluated early translocation success using generalized linear mixed‐effect models of vital rate variation among habitat types. Survival probability increased with size, peaking at 0.6–0.8, and was lowest in augmentations and highest in introductions. Growth increased with plant size across all habitat types, except for the largest adults which experienced senescence. Naturally recruited plants in gaps showed the highest reproduction probability and fecundity at smaller sizes, but larger plants in translocations had the highest fecundity. Yearling recruitment was higher in translocated plants relative to naturally recruited plants in gaps during the initial years following outplanting. Experimental components of translocations also affected outplanting performance with positive effects of fire. These analyses suggest a high potential for translocations to become established and contribute to species recovery.
Negotiated Agreements, Indigenous Peoples and Extractive Industry in the Salar de Atacama, Chile: When Is an Agreement More than a Contract?
Authors: O'Faircheallaigh Ciaran , Babidge Sally 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACTWhile acknowledging advances in legal recognition of Indigenous rights, much of the research literature positions negotiated agreements between Indigenous peoples and corporations simply as ‘neoliberal technology’ that gives the appearance of Indigenous consent while allowing exploitation to continue. This analysis is flawed in considering agreements as discrete, stand‐alone phenomena. It ignores the possibility that Indigenous peoples may use agreements as part of broader strategies to achieve control over extractive industry activity and to secure a share of ‘development’ benefits — strategies that involve selective engagement with the state. This article supports its argument by locating an agreement between the Chilean lithium mining company, Albemarle, and the Council of Atacameño Peoples within a broad and sustained strategy by Atacameño people to address the negative impacts of mining in the Salar de Atacama, Chile, while securing its economic benefits. This strategy includes using the agreement to voice Atacameño territorial claims and environmental concerns to the state, and to insist that the state lives up to its responsibilities. The analysis leads to a fuller appreciation of the agency exercised by Indigenous peoples in dealing with the sustained expansion of extractive activity on their territories, and a more nuanced understanding of negotiated agreements between Indigenous peoples and mining corporations and between Indigenous people and the state.
How hindgut microbiota may shape sympatric speciation in an invasive phytophagous scarab
Authors: Lefort M. C. , Glare T. R. , Bouchon D. , Boyer S. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractFollowing the introduction of new host plants, rapid evolutionary changes in invasive phytophagous insects can sometimes result in sympatric speciation. The underlying processes and facilitation factors are still to be investigated in detail. The role of hindgut microbiota is one of these factors. In this paper, we examined the differences in the gut microbiota of two species of Costelytra scarabs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Melolonthinae), one non‐invasive [Costelytra brunneum (Broun)] and one invasive (Costelytra giveni Coca‐Abia & Romero‐Samper), for which several ecotypes were analysed. In terms of bacterial assemblages, we found significant variation between the invasive and the non‐invasive species. Three main groups of bacteria contributed to these differences, namely Oxalobacteracea, Rhizobiales, and Porphyromonadacea, with the last two potentially providing advantages in the exploitation of a new host plant. Among these bacteria, Porphyromonadacea were systematically present in high proportion in the gut of the invasive species C. giveni. The occurrence of these bacteria might have contributed to the initial capability of this insect to feed and benefit from newly introduced host plants. Furthermore, this study also revealed significant differences in the gut bacterial communities of four C. giveni ecotypes, supporting the hypothesis that part of the gut microbiota in this invasive phytophagous insect is likely to have been acquired horizontally from the newly exploited niche.
Stimulation‐induced respiratory enhancement in corticothalamic regions
Authors: Talavera Blanca , Chaitanya Ganne , Hupp Norma , Pati Sandipan , Hampson Johnson P. , Luo Xi , Hampson Jaison , Vakilna Yash S. , Rani M. R. Sandhya , Noor Rabeha , Mosher John C. , Tandon Nitin , Lhatoo Samden D. , Lacuey Nuria 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectiveWe aimed to identify corticothalamic areas and electrical stimulation paradigms that optimally enhance breathing.MethodsTwenty‐nine patients with medically intractable epilepsy were prospectively recruited in an epilepsy monitoring unit while undergoing stereoelectroencephalographic evaluation. Direct electrical stimulation in cortical and thalamic regions was carried out using low (<1 Hz) and high (≥10 Hz) frequencies, and low (<5 mA) and high (≥5 mA) current intensities, with pulse width of .1 ms. Electrocardiography, arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2), end‐tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2), oronasal airflow, and abdominal and thoracic plethysmography were monitored continuously during stimulations. Airflow signal was used to estimate breathing rate, tidal volume, and minute ventilation (MV) changes during stimulation, compared to baseline.ResultsElectrical stimulation increased MV in the amygdala, anterior cingulate, anterior insula, temporal pole, and thalamus, with an average increase in MV of 20.8% ± 28.9% (range = 0.2%–165.6%) in 19 patients. MV changes were associated with SpO2 and ETCO2 changes (p < .001). Effects on respiration were parameter and site dependent. Within amygdala, low‐frequency stimulation of the medial region produced 78.49% greater MV change (p < .001) compared to high‐frequency stimulation. Longer stimulation produced greater MV changes (an increase of 4.47% in MV for every additional 10 s, p = .04).SignificanceStimulation of amygdala, anterior cingulate gyrus, anterior insula, temporal pole, and thalamus, using certain stimulation paradigms, enhances respiration. Among tested paradigms, low‐frequency, low‐intensity, long‐duration stimulation of the medial amygdala is the most effective breathing enhancement stimulation strategy. Such approaches may pave the way for the future development of neuromodulatory techniques that aid rescue from seizure‐related apnea, potentially as a targeted sudden unexpected death in epilepsy prevention method.
JAK inhibitors: a novel, safe, and efficacious therapy for pyoderma gangrenosum
Authors: Castro Luiz G. M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundPyoderma gangrenosum currently lacks standardized therapy. New safer and more efficacious therapies are welcome.AimsTo present two new PG cases treated with JAK inhibitors, adding to the small existing experienceMethods & MethodsTwo case reports of PG patients successfully treated with tofacitinib and baricitinib.ResultsBoth patients were cured and presented no relapse. Patient # 1 used baricitinib 2 mg bid for 39 days while patient # 2 was treated with tofacitinib 5 mg bid for 120 days. No adverse reactions were seen.DiscussionThe increasing usage of JAKi to treat inflammatory diseases had a positive reflex on PG therapy. Fifteen PG cases treated with these drugs had been found in literature and the two new cases here described add to the limited existing experience.ConclusionThis is a novel use of tofacitinib and baricitinib beyond the approved indications. JAKi are a welcome addition to our options to manage patients with PG.
SSRIs AND HYPONATRAEMIA
Authors: Lane RM 
Published: April 2023

SUMMARYIncreasing age, certain medications such as diuretics, disease processes such as malignant neoplasm and schizophrenia, and a history of hyponatraemia or polydipsia may predispose patients to the development of hyponatraemia. In addition, certain psychotropic medications, including TCAs, MAOIs, carbamazepine, trazodone and neuroleptics, may predispose to hyponatraemia, yet a causative role for most has not been firmly established and the effect is most likely to be more idiosyncratic. The SSRIs have been associated with hyponatraemia in a small number of case reports. The mean age and sex of patients in reported cases is over 70 years and predominantly female, and patients were often receiving concomitant diuretic therapy. The frequency of hyponatraemia in elderly female patients receiving fluoxetine has been estimated to be as high as eight per 1000. The risk of developing hyponatraemia appears to be highest during the first few weeks of treatment. Because of the potential seriousness of hyponatraemia, if an elderly patient receiving an SSRI develops unexplained symptoms during the first few weeks of therapy, it is necessary to measure the serum sodium level.
EUROPEAN STROKE PREVENTION STUDY 2: DIPYRIDAMOLE AND ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID IN THE SECONDARY PREVENTION OF STROKE
Authors: Forbes CD ,   ESPS‐2 Collaborators
Published: April 2023

SUMMARYIn 1988, an optimal antiplatelet regimen for secondary stroke prevention remained to be defined. We undertook a randomised, placebo‐controlled, double‐blind trial to investigate the safety and efficacy of low‐dose acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), modified‐release dipyridamole, and the two agents in combination. Patients with prior stroke or transient ischaemic attack (TIA) were randomised to treatment with ASA alone (50 mg daily), modified‐release dipyridamole alone (400 mg daily), the two agents in a combined formulation, or placebo. Primary endpoints were stroke, death, and stroke or death. TIA and other vascular events were secondary endpoints. Patients were followed on treatment for two years. We concluded that dipyridamole, in a modified‐release form, at a dose of 200 mg b.d. and ASA 25 mg b.d., have been shown to be equally effective in the secondary prevention of ischaemic stroke and TIA; that when co‐prescribed, the protective effects are additive, the combination being significantly more effective than each agent prescribed singly; and that low‐dose ASA does not eliminate the propensity for induced bleeding.
WIDENING OF THE MEDIASTINUM FOLLOWING A STERNAL FRACTURE
Authors: Saab M , Kurdy NMG , Birkinshaw R 
Published: April 2023

SUMMARYSternal fractures, once thought of as uncommon, occur with increasing frequency, parallelling the incidence of motor vehicle accidents. A fractured sternum can produce a widening of the mediastinum even in the absence of an aortic injury. The Advanced Trauma Life Support course teaches that a widening of the mediastinum after blunt chest injury is an indication for aortography. In this case report we recommend computerised axial tomography (CT) scan of the chest as the investigation of choice in the non‐hypotensive patient who has sustained a fractured sternum after a blunt chest trauma, and who has widening of the mediastinum on the chest X‐ray, with no other radiological features suggesting traumatic aortic rupture.
OBSESSIVE COMPULSIVE DISORDER FOLLOWING HEAD INJURY
Authors: Soo‐Meng KO 
Published: April 2023

SUMMARYAlthough researchers continue to report neurological abnormalities and neuropsychiatric associations in patients with obsessive compulsive disorders, there is a paucity of published reports on this condition following head injury. Such a case is described here, including the efficacy of behavioural intervention in ameliorating the symptoms.
DOCTORS' KNOWLEDGE OF POST‐SPLENECTOMY PROPHYLAXIS
Authors: Palejwala AA , Hong LYC , King D 
Published: April 2023

SUMMARYA questionnaire was sent to 160 hospital doctors and 200 general practitioners about post‐splenectomy prophylaxis during the month of September 1995. A total of 118 questionnaires were returned (43% hospital doctors and 25% GPs). Most doctors (99%) knew that splenectomised patients were at risk of pneumococcal infection; 72% of hospital doctors and 50% of GPs knew of the risk of Haemophilus influenza infection but only 50% of hospital doctors and 33% of GPs knew of the same risks involving meningococcal infection and malaria. Half of the GPs were not aware of H. influenzae type B (Hib) vaccine for prophylaxis and 85% of these and 50% of hospital doctors did not know prophylaxis should be lifelong. There was no significant difference in the knowledge between hospital doctors and GPs.
AN INVESTIGATION INTO THE PRACTICE AND BENEFITS OF STATUTORY AFTERCARE IN AN INNER CITY PSYCHIATRIC SERVICE
Authors: Hall AD , Puri BK , Meehan K , Read JHM 
Published: April 2023

SUMMARYThe implementation of statutory aftercare for psychiatric inpatients, as outlined in Section 117 of the Mental Health Act 1983 (England and Wales), was studied by examining current practice in an inner city psychiatric service. Seventy‐seven per cent of patients received Section 117 aftercare; 56% of patients did not have an identified key worker. A significant proportion of those receiving statutory aftercare did not have evidence of adequate forward planning. General practitioners did not attend any meetings. Patients who had Section 117 aftercare were compared with those who did not. Using the Cox regression model, it was found there was no significant difference between these two groups in terms of time between discharge and first readmission, readmission rate, and length of first readmission.
SMALL BOWEL STENOSIS FROM BLUNT ABDOMINAL TRAUMA
Authors: Chan S‐C , Chen H‐Y , Lee C‐M , Tsai C‐H 
Published: April 2023

SUMMARYA patient with a segmental stricture of the small bowel resulting from blunt abdominal trauma is reported. Symptoms and signs developed as vague abdominal distension with chronic, incomplete small bowel obstruction four weeks after the accident. A small bowel barium examination provided the important images for preoperative evaluation.
WHY DO IMMINENT VICTIMS OF A CARDIAC EVENT FEEL SO TIRED?
Authors: Appels A 
Published: April 2023

SUMMARYA state of vital exhaustion, characterised by unusual tiredness and lack of energy, increased irritability and feelings of demoralisation, has been found to be one of the precursors of myocardial infarction and other cardiac events. These feelings probably reflect decreased activity of the hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenal axis. Treatment of the conditions leading to this state of vital exhaustion might decrease the risk of a cardiac event.
A CASE OF SCHISTOSOMAL APPENDICITIS
Authors: Lee JFY , Chung CC , Lau WY 
Published: April 2023

SUMMARYAcute appendicitis is a great masquerader in surgical practice; its diverse clinical presentation can sometimes lead to delay in diagnosis. Nonetheless, the underlying aetiology of acute appendicitis may not be apparent if the appendix is not sent for histological examination.
SCROTAL SUPPURATION FOLLOWING APPENDICITIS
Authors: Pal KMI 
Published: April 2023

SUMMARYInguinoscrotal sepsis following intraperitoneal infection is a recognised but infrequent complication. Incidence of this condition seems to have decreased because of the routine use of broad spectrum antibiotics. It is believed that a persistent communication between the peritoneal cavity and scrotum, in the form of a patent tunic vaginalis, is needed for this complication. There may or may not be an associated hernia. Intrascrotal sepsis can lead to testicular loss from vascular thrombosis. The treatment of choice is early operative drainage.