bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patterns, timing, and environmental drivers of growth in two coexisting green‐stemmed Mediterranean alpine shrubs species
Authors: Albrecht Eike Corina , Dobbert Svenja , Pape Roland , Löffler Jörg 
Published: September 2023

Summary
The Mediterranean alpine is one of the most vulnerable ecosystems under future environmental change. Yet, patterns, timing and environmental controls of plant growth are poorly investigated. We aimed at an improved understanding of growth processes, as well as stem swelling and shrinking patterns, by examining two common coexisting green‐stemmed shrub species.
Using dendrometers to measure daily stem diameter changes, we separated these changes into water‐related shrinking and swelling and irreversible growth. Implementing correlation analysis, linear mixed effects models, and partial least squares regression on time series of stem diameter changes, with corresponding soil temperature and moisture data as environmental predictors, we found species‐specific growth patterns related to different drought‐adaptive strategies.
We show that the winter‐cold‐adapted species Cytisus galianoi uses a drought tolerance strategy combined with a high ecological plasticity, and is, thus, able to gain competitive advantages under future climate warming. In contrast, Genista versicolor is restricted to a narrower ecological niche using a winter‐cold escape and drought avoidance strategy, which might be of disadvantage in a changing climate.
Pregrowth environmental conditions were more relevant than conditions during growth, controlling the species' resource availability. Thus, studies focusing on current driver constellations of growth may fail to predict a species’ ecological niche and its potential future performance.
Strategies for becoming a more desirable mate: Evidence from 14 countries
Authors: Apostolou Menelaos , Sullman Mark , Birkás Béla , Błachnio Agata , Bushina Ekaterina , Calvo Fran , Costello William , Dujlovic Tanja , Hill Tetiana , Lisun Yanina , Manrique‐Millones Denisse , Manrique‐Pino Oscar , Meskó Norbert , Nechtelberger Martin , Ohtsubo Yohsuke , Ollhoff Christian Kenji , Przepiórka Aneta , Putz Ádám , Tagliabue Mariaelena , Tekeş Burcu , Thomas Andrew , Valentova Jaroslava Varella , Varella Marco Antonio Correa , Wang Yan , Wright Paula , Font‐Mayolas Sílvia 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe current research aimed to study the strategies that people employ in order to become more desirable as mates in different cultural settings. More specifically, using a closed‐ended questionnaire on a sample of 7181 participants from 14 different countries, we identified 10 different strategies that people employ to become more appealing as mates. Participants indicated that they had more frequently used the “Enhance looks,” followed by the “Show off abilities and talents,” and the “Demonstrate similarity” strategies. On the other hand, they had less frequently used the “Keep undesirable things hidden,” the “Show off and exaggerate wealth and abilities,” and the “Drastic appearance changes” strategies. Female participants indicated that they had more extensive used the “Enhance looks” strategy than male participants, while male participants indicated that they had more extensive used the “Increase income and social status” and the “Show off and exaggerate wealth and abilities” strategies than female participants. The sex effects, as well as the extent of use, were generally consistent across the different cultures. The identified strategies were classified further into two main strategies, namely the “Develop and demonstrate desirable traits” and the “Deceive about undesirable traits,” which was generally consistent across the different countries.
Metabolic and epigenetic reprogramming in the pathogenesis of glioblastoma: Toward the establishment of “metabolism‐based pathology”
Authors: Masui Kenta , Mischel Paul S. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMolecular genetic approaches are now mandatory for cancer diagnostics, especially for brain tumors. Genotype‐based diagnosis has predominated over the phenotype‐based approach, with its prognostic and predictive powers. However, comprehensive genetic testing would be difficult to perform in the clinical setting, and translational research is required to histologically decipher the peculiar biology of cancer. Of interest, recent studies have demonstrated discrete links between oncogenotypes and the resultant metabolic phenotypes, revealing cancer metabolism as a promising histologic surrogate to reveal specific characteristics of each cancer type and indicate the best way to manage cancer patients. Here, we provide an overview of our research progress to work on cancer metabolism, with a particular focus on the genomically well‐characterized malignant tumor glioblastoma. With the use of clinically relevant animal models and human tissue, we found that metabolic reprogramming plays a major role in the aggressive cancer biology by conferring therapeutic resistance to cancer cells and rewiring their epigenomic landscapes. We further discuss our future endeavor to establish “metabolism‐based pathology” on how the basic knowledge of cancer metabolism could be leveraged to improve the management of patients by linking cancer cell genotype, epigenotype, and phenotype through metabolic reprogramming.
The association between preconception cannabis use and gestational diabetes mellitus: The Preconception Period Analysis of Risks and Exposures Influencing health and Development (PrePARED) consortium
Authors: Pan Ke , Jukic Anne Marie , Mishra Gita D. , Mumford Sunni L. , Wise Lauren A. , Schisterman Enrique F. , Ley Sylvia H. , Charlton Brittany M. , Chavarro Jorge E. , Hart Jaime E. , Sidney Stephen , Xiong Xu , Barbosa‐Leiker Celestina , Schliep Karen C. , Shaffer Jeffrey G. , Bazzano Lydia A. , Harville Emily W. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe metabolic changes that ultimately lead to gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) likely begin before pregnancy. Cannabis use might increase the risk of GDM by increasing appetite or promoting fat deposition and adipogenesis.ObjectivesWe aimed to assess the association between preconception cannabis use and GDM incidence.MethodsWe analysed individual‐level data from eight prospective cohort studies. We identified the first, or index, pregnancy (lasting ≥20 weeks of gestation with GDM status) after cannabis use. In analyses of pooled individual‐level data, we used logistic regression to estimate study‐type‐specific odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), adjusting for potential confounders using random effect meta‐analysis to combine study‐type‐specific ORs and 95% CIs. Stratified analyses assessed potential effect modification by preconception tobacco use and pre‐pregnancy body mass index (BMI).ResultsOf 17,880 participants with an index pregnancy, 1198 (6.7%) were diagnosed with GDM. Before the index pregnancy, 12.5% of participants used cannabis in the past year. Overall, there was no association between preconception cannabis use in the past year and GDM (OR 0.97, 95% CI 0.79, 1.18). Among participants who never used tobacco, however, those who used cannabis more than weekly had a higher risk of developing GDM than those who did not use cannabis in the past year (OR 2.65, 95% CI 1.15, 6.09). This association was not present among former or current tobacco users. Results were similar across all preconception BMI groups.ConclusionsIn this pooled analysis of preconception cohort studies, preconception cannabis use was associated with a higher risk of developing GDM among individuals who never used tobacco but not among individuals who formerly or currently used tobacco. Future studies with more detailed measurements are needed to investigate the influence of preconception cannabis use on pregnancy complications.
The influence of glioblastoma on patients' cognitive and demographic characteristics and psychological well‐being of patients and caregivers: a single‐centre retrospective study
Authors: Günerhan Göksal , Öcal Özgür , Dağlar Zeynep , Çağıl Emin , Ertuğrul Yavuz , Belen Ahmet Deniz 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundGlioblastoma, the most aggressive primary brain tumour in adults, poses significant challenges for patients and their caregivers. This study investigates a range of clinical parameters, such as symptoms, tumour characteristics, presence of seizures, mental status, and depression/anxiety, in glioblastoma patients. The rapid deterioration of physical and cognitive functions experienced by patients can have profound effects on both patients and their relatives throughout the course of the disease. The objective of this study was to examine and compare psychological symptoms between glioblastoma patients and their relatives.Materials and MethodsThe study included 98 adult patients with glioblastoma who underwent pre‐ and postoperative cognitive assessments using the Mini‐Mental State Examination (MMSE). The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was also used to evaluate and compare psychological symptoms of patients and their relatives over time. Seizures were seen in 45.9% of patients, and the mean age of the patients was 60.1 ± 13.8 years. The patients were evaluated at various time intervals before and after surgery, and the data were retrospectively analyzed.ResultsThe study found that before surgery, the anxiety levels of caregivers were significantly higher than those of patients during all evaluation periods. Additionally, the depression scores of caregivers were significantly higher than those of patients only in the first month following the operation. There were no significant differences in depression scores between patients and caregivers in the other assessment intervals. The average cognitive level of patients, as assessed by the MMSE scale was 22.4 before the operation and 20.9 after the operation.ConclusionGlioblastoma has a significant impact on the mental health and emotional well‐being of both patients and their relatives. This study highlights the importance of providing early support to both patients and their relatives before surgery. The study's strength is that it focuses on an early time point, prior to surgery, where both patients and their relatives are already affected and may require additional support. The results of this study can help healthcare professionals to better understand the psychological impact of glioblastoma and provide more targeted support to patients and their caregivers.
Efficacy evaluation of endolift laser for treatment of nasolabial folds and marionette lines
Authors: Nilforoushzadeh Mohammad Ali , Heidari‐Kharaji Maryam , Fakhim Tannaz , Hosseini Seyedeh Tina , Rafiee Shohreh , Shahverdi Mohammadhasan , Najar Nobari Niloufar 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe nasolabial folds are the most marked sign of aging. Endolift laser was used for the treatment of nasolabial folds and marionette lines (one of the facial danger zones).MethodsTen female subjects were engaged in this study. Patients underwent Endolift laser for nasolabial folds and marionette lines treatment. The efficacy of the Endolift technique on the nasolabial folds and marionette lines was evaluated by biometric assessment with Cutometer, Visioface, and the Skin Ultrasound Imaging system. Also, patient's satisfaction and blinded dermatologists’ assessment were assessed.ResultsThe Visoface results displayed that the Endolift laser treatment significantly declined the depth and area of the nasolabial wrinkles. The skin ultrasonography results reported that the epidermis and dermis density and thickness were significantly increased. Also, the cutometer outcomes showed that the Endolift laser treatment can increase skin elasticity. The results showed that a large number of patients were very satisfied with the technique.ConclusionIn conclusion, Endolift laser has an effective technique for decreasing the nasolabial folds, marionette lines, and improve the appearance of the face without any sever side effect. This technique does not need general anesthesia and recovery time.
The landscape of CO2 emissions across Africa: A comparative perspective
Authors: de Melo Jaime , Solleder Jean‐Marc 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis paper provides evidence on carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions for 51 African and 132 other countries in 163 sectors over the period 1995–2015. The resulting landscape is summarised in four patterns. Patterns identified for Africa differ from those identified for other regions but are closely related to a synthetic aggregate comparator based on key country characteristics. (1) All regions have reduced emission intensities over the period 1995–2015. Africa's share of global CO2 emissions has remained constant from 1995 to 2015. (2) The carbon intensity of production has increased in Africa in both decades. Over half of the 20 top African emitting countries shifted towards more carbon‐intensive techniques. (3) Over 1995–2015, intra‐regional shares of emissions fell by seven percentage points to 84% for Africa. Africa's share of emissions originating from Asia rose from 4% to 11%. Europe's share of emissions from Africa rose from 2% to 4%, respectively. (4) The export basket of Africa is skewed towards high CO2 equivalent‐intensity products. CO2 emission intensities correlate positively with output upstreamness (OU) and input downstreamness (ID). The OU/ID indicator of position in a supply chain is negatively correlated with CO2 emission intensities within regions.
The influence of a tension band fixation as an adjunct for arthrodesis of the metacarpophalangeal joint in the horse
Authors: Kadic Lawrence I. M. , Rademacher Nathalie , Liu Chin‐Chi , Leise Britta S. , McCauley Charles T. , Riggs Laura M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo determine the influence of a stainless‐steel cable (SSC) tension band fixation as an adjunct to a locking compression plate (LCP) for arthrodesis of the equine metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint.Study designExperimental. An ex vivo biomechanical paired equine cadaver limb study.Sample populationFive MCP joint pairs were collected from adult Thoroughbred horses, euthanized for reasons unrelated to orthopedic disease.MethodsEach pair of MCP joints were randomly implanted with either a dorsally placed 5.5 mm LCP and a palmarly placed 2.0 mm SSC or a dorsally placed 5.5 mm LCP alone. Each construct was tested in cyclic loading followed by single cycle to failure in axial compression. Displacement at a target load of 1 kN over 3600 cycles at 1 Hz was recorded prior to single cycle to failure testing.ResultsIn cyclic testing, displacement was not significantly different between the first and last 5% of testing cycles regardless of construct. Maximum displacement of each construct during cyclic testing was <1.1 mm. In single cycle testing, the observed yield point did not reveal any difference between LCP and LCP‐SSC (p = .440). The maximum load at failure was significantly higher in LCP‐SSC compared to constructs with the LCP alone (p = .046).ConclusionThe addition of the SSC to the LCP did not statistically affect construct displacement during cyclic loading or construct yield load during subsequent single cycle to failure.Clinical significanceThis study provided much needed information regarding the necessity of a tension band SSC application in the arthrodesis of the MCP/MTP joint in horses.
Numerical Investigation of the Influence of the Degree of Reaction in an Axial Compressor Stage With Tandem Vanes
Authors: Giannini Samuele , Luz Guilherme M. , von Jeinsen Philipp , Straccia Mattia , Gümmer Volker 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Many investigations have defined Smith-type diagrams to guide the preliminary designs of conventional axial compressor stages on the choice of loading, flow coefficient, and degree of reaction. However, the recent development of unconventional axial compressor stages with tandem vanes has not been accompanied by similar studies aimed at tailoring existing correlations to the new type of vanes. While it is clear that axial compressor stages with tandem vanes operate in higher working ranges than conventional stages, it is less clear how the choice of reaction affects the aerodynamic behavior of such setups. For this purpose, this paper numerically investigates a low-speed axial compressor stage with different degrees of reaction for increasing loading levels. The metal angles of the unshrouded rotor and the shrouded stator are modified to ensure that the other design parameters of the stage, namely the work and flow coefficients, are kept constant, and that the influence of the degree of reaction is isolated. The investigation begins with Q2D simulations of the reference midspan aerofoils. It then extends to a 3D configuration, while maintaining the radial distribution of the aerofoil parameters from the reference 3D blades. New correlations are presented, aiming to show how the performance of the stage in terms of efficiency, total pressure losses, and loading coefficients of the vanes are influenced by the different degrees of reaction investigated. This paper, therefore, provides insight into the preliminary choices of parameters for the design of axial compressor stages with tandem vanes.
Energy Storage Using a High-Performance Adsorption System
Authors: Vyas Animesh , Pahinkar Darshan G. , Arghode Vaibhav 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Thermal energy storage systems provide cost-effective, compact, and scalable means to store heat compared to other storage systems. However, the current infrastructure of sensible storage systems suffers from low energy density and discharge at variable temperatures. In contrast, latent storage systems suffer from slow melting and solidifying of PCMs, segregation of PCM and volumetric expansion. Adsorption-based energy storage systems, when designed for fast charging and discharging, can cater to the needs of the energy storage landscape because they do not require high temperatures for regeneration while maintaining high energy density. This paper documents the computational modeling of a fast-acting thermal energy storage system employing an adsorbent-coated microchannel heat exchanger and condenser. Using microchannels results in excellent heat and mass transfer performance of the systems. The modeled system can quickly store the waste heat and release that heat very close to the inlet waste heat temperature for extended periods.
Salt Hydrate Thermochemical Energy Storage in Buildings: Analyzing Storage Density and Thermal Power Output
Authors: Barbosa Erik J. , Menon Akanksha K. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Thermochemical energy storage is promising for building applications as it offers high energy density and near-lossless storage. For example, inorganic salt hydrates that undergo reversible solid-gas thermochemical reactions can be used for thermal load shifting and/or shedding in buildings. However, this technology is still in early stages of development and drawbacks need to be addressed to make such a thermal battery viable. As salt hydrates differ in their morphology, crystal and/or particle size, and hygrothermal stability, it is critical to characterize thermochemical reactions accurately under specific operating conditions. Not only is the amount of heat delivered important, but so is the rate at which this heat is extracted for thermal end-use in buildings. However, the latter is not well reported in the literature, which is largely focused on energy storage rather than power density during the hydration reaction (battery discharge). To address this gap and the lack of standardized measurement methods, this work lays out a systematic simultaneous thermal analysis (STA) method for characterizing five different salt hydrate thermochemical materials (TCM). The effects of particle size, temperature and vapor pressure are analyzed to obtain the energy storage density and thermal power density across a full hydration-dehydration cycle under controlled conditions.
Effects of an Annular Baffle on Heat Transfer to an Immersed Coil Heat Exchanger in Thermally Stratified Tanks
Authors: Nicodemus Julia , Smith Joshua , Noreika Joseph , Gomi Manaka , Zhou Tingyu 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The effect of a cylindrical baffle on heat transfer to an immersed heat exchanger is investigated in initially thermally stratified tanks. The heat exchanger is located in the annular region created by the baffle and the tank wall. Three different cases of initial thermal stratification are explored, and in each case experiments are conducted with and without the baffle in the stratified tank and in a comparable isothermal tank with the same initial energy, enabling exploration of the role of the baffle in a stratified tank and the role of stratification in tanks with or without the baffle. The baffle maintains the high initial temperature of the upper zone of the stratified tank for 10–16 minutes, as cool plumes that form on the heat exchanger are confined to the annular baffle region until they exit at the bottom of the tank. Regardless of stratification, the baffle always improves heat transfer to the immersed heat exchanger. In the isothermal tanks, the baffle increases total energy extracted in the first 30 minutes of discharge by over 20%. In stratified tanks, the baffle increases total energy extracted in 30 minutes of discharge by 9% to 16%. Initially, the improvement in heat transfer is due to the higher driving temperature differences around the heat exchanger. After all the water from the hot zone has entered and flowed through the baffle, the tank is basically isothermal, and velocity increases as the fluid temperature drops, maintaining rates of heat transfer higher than that in the tank without the baffle. Stratification improves heat transfer in tanks without a baffle because, by design, the driving temperature difference between the heat exchanger wall and the surrounding fluid is considerably higher. However, in tanks with the baffle, stratification has only a modest effect on heat transfer to the immersed heat exchanger.