bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The use of thymol, carvacrol and sorbic acid in microencapsules to control Salmonella Heidelberg, S. Minnesota and S. Typhimurium in broilers
Authors: Stingelin Giovani Marco , Scherer Ricardo Simões , Machado André Costa , Piva Andrea , Grilli Ester , Penha Filho Rafael Casarin 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionThe control of Salmonella spp. in poultry involves different biosecurity actions and lately has been complicated by the emergence of multidrug resistant serovars. The application of organic acids and essential oils has been used with different approaches due to the antibacterial properties as food preservatives. The use of these molecules in animal feed to control enteric pathogens is a major interest within the poultry industry.MethodsThe use of a blend containing nature-identical compounds of sorbic acid (25%), thymol (9.5%) and carvacrol (2.5%) microencapsulated in a lipid matrix, was investigated in the present work, for the control of three Salmonella serovars (S. ser. Typhimurium, S. ser. Heidelberg and S. ser. Minnesota). Commercial broilers were challenged at 3 or at 33 days of age. Groups SH-1, SM-1 and ST-1, received treatment in the feed, at 2 kg/ton from 1–21 days of age and at 1 kg/ton from 35–42 days of age (last week), while groups SH-2, SM-2 and ST-2, were treated only during the last week receiving 2 kg/ton. Each treated group had an untreated control group, that was challenged at the same moment with the respective serovar (groups PCH, PCM and PCT). The challenge strains were enumerated in liver and cecal contents, weekly after challenge, at 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 and 42 days-of-age.Results and discussionSignificant reduction was noticed at 7 and 14 days of age in all groups that received treatment during the initial phase (p &lt; 0.05). Moreover, the body weight was significantly higher at the last experimental day (p &lt; 0.05) in chickens that received treatment at the initial and at the final growth stages.
Changes in the bacterial communities in chromium-contaminated soils
Authors: Zhu Yiran , Song Kaimin , Cheng Guodong , Xu Huiling , Wang Xiaozhou , Qi Changxi , Zhang Pu , Liu Yongxia , Liu Jianzhu 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionHexavalent chromium or Cr(VI) is essential to various industries, such as leather manufacturing and stainless steel production. Given that inevitable leakage from industries pollutes the soil and thereby affects the soil environment. Microbial communities could improve the quality of the soil. Abundant bacterial communities would significantly enhance the soil richness and resist external pressure, benefiting agriculture. But the pollution of heavy metal broke the balance and decrease the abundance of bacterial communities, which weak the self-adjust ability of soil. This study aimed to explore changes in the diversity of soil bacterial communities and to identify the influences of soil bacterial communities on enzymes in soil polluted by Cr(VI).MethodsThe target soils were sampled quickly and aseptically. Their chromium content was detected through inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry, and bacterial microbiome communities were explored through MiSeq high-throughput sequencing. Then, the content of nitrite reductase and catalases were investigated through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).ResultsChromium content in polluted soils was higher than that in the control soils at all depths. Sobs, Chao1, Ace, and Shannon diversity estimators in the control were higher, whereas Simpson's diversity estimators in the control soils were lower than those of contaminated samples at all depths. Contaminants affected the composition of the bacterial community. The soil microbial species were relatively single and inhomogeneous in the polluted soils. The bacterial phyla in polluted and controlled soils include Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, and Acidobacteria, which differ markedly in abundance.DiscussionThe results of these observations provide insights into the ecotoxicological effects of Cr(VI) exposure to soil microorganisms. To sum up these results are critical for evaluating the stabilized state of microbial community structures, contributing to the assessment of the potential risk of metal accumulation in soils.
Predictive role of neostromal CD10 expression in breast cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Authors: Olah Orsolya , Majlat Edit , Koszo Renata , Vereb Zoltan , Voros Andras 
Published: January 2023

Background:The therapeutic strategy of invasive breast cancer is based on routine histopathological markers (estrogen-, progesterone receptor, HER2, Ki67) routinely evaluated in tumor cells. However, the assessment of cancer stroma could influence therapeutic strategies. Studies have shown that stromal expression of CD10, a zinc-dependent metalloproteinase, is associated with biological aggressiveness of the tumor. In the present retrospective study, we aimed to evaluate stromal CD10 expression and association between CD10 expression and response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in invasive breast cancer.Methods:CD10 immunohistochemistry was performed on core biopsies taken before the neoadjuvant therapy. Stromal CD10 expression was determined and compared with well-known predictive and prognostic tissue markers as well as with the following groups defined according to the degree of tumor response: no regression, partial regression, and complete regression.Results:A total of 60 locally advanced invasive breast carcinomas of “no special type” were included. The proportion of CD10 positive tumors was significantly higher in the “no regression” group compared to “complete regression” group (p= 0.000). Stromal CD10 expression was found to be significantly associated with decrease in response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. According to CD10 expression we did not find any difference in hormone receptor status, Ki67, tumor grade or neostromal area.Conclusion:Our data suggest that CD10 expression can serve as a predictive marker of the effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer patients. Therefore, its inclusion into the routine assessment of biopsies to tailor tumor-specific therapeutic strategies merits consideration.
Characterization of Forest Ecosystems in the Chure (Siwalik Hills) Landscape of Nepal Himalaya and Their Conservation Need
Authors: Uprety Yadav , Tiwari Achyut , Karki Sangram , Chaudhary Anil , Yadav Ram Kailash Prasad , Giri Sushma , Shrestha Srijana , Paudyal Kiran , Dhakal Maheshwar 
Published: January 2023

As a basic component of the forest ecosystem, the forest structure refers to the general distribution of plant species of different life forms and sizes. The characterization of forest structure is the key to understanding the vegetation history, present status, and future development trajectory of the forest ecosystems. The Chure region of Nepal covers about 12.78% of the country’s land area and extends east to west along the southern foothills. This biologically rich but geologically fragile region is home to many species and provides many ecosystem services to millions of people. The Chure landscape is severely suffered from anthropogenic disturbances including logging, grazing, fuelwood collection, solid waste disposal, encroachment, forest fire, and excavation of sand, gravel, and boulders. In this study, we aim to characterize the forest ecosystem types outside the protected areas in the Chure region of Nepal and analyze the threat and vulnerability of the landscape from the biodiversity point of view. We sampled 62 sites to study the dominant vegetation type, regeneration status, and major threats to the forest ecosystems. A distribution map of the forest ecosystem types in Chure was prepared. We identified 14 forest ecosystem types in Chure including seven new ones. The newly reported forest ecosystems are Hymenodictyon excelsum Forest, Syzygium cumini Forest, Terminalia anogeissiana Forest, Schima wallichii–Shorea robusta Forest, Pinus roxburghii–Shorea robusta Forest, Pinus roxburghii Forest, and Bamboo thickets. We conclude that intensified human activities including forest encroachment and deforestation are mainly responsible for the ecological imbalance in the Chure region. We emphasize an in-depth analysis of biophysical linkage and immediate conservation efforts for the restoration of the Chure landscape in Nepal.
Identification of Key Aromatic Compounds in Basil (Ocimum L.) Using Sensory Evaluation, Metabolomics and Volatilomics Analysis
Authors: Du Pengmeng , Yuan Honglun , Chen Yayu , Zhou Haihong , Zhang Youjin , Huang Menglan , Jiangfang Yiding , Su Rongxiu , Chen Qiyu , Lai Jun , Guan Lingliang , Ding Yuanhao , Hu Haiyan , Luo Jie 
Published: January 2023

Basil (Ocimum L.) is widely used as a flavor ingredient, however research on basil flavor is limited. In the current study, nine basil species were selected, including Ocimum basilicum L.var. pilosum (Willd.) Benth., Ocimum sanctum, Ocimum basilicum cinnamon, Ocimum gratissimum var. suave, Ocimum tashiroi, Ocimum basilicum, Ocimum americanum, Ocimum basilicum ct linalool, and Ocimum basilicum var. basilicum, and their fragrance and flavor characteristics were assessed by sensory evaluation. The results indicated that Ocimum basilicum var. basilicum and Ocimum gratissimum var. suave have a strong clove smell and exhibited a piquant taste. Metabolomics and volatilomics analyses measured 100 nonvolatile metabolites and 134 volatiles. Differential analysis showed that eugenol, γ-terpinene, germacrene D and malic acid were among the most varied metabolites in basil species. Combined with sensory evaluation results, correlation analysis revealed that β-pinene and γ-cadinene contributed to the piquant smell, while eugenol and germacrene D contributed to the clove smell, and malic acid and L-(−)-arabitol contributed to the sweet flavor in basil. This study provided comprehensive flavor chemistry profiles of basil species and could be used as a guide for basil flavor improvement. The better understanding of objective sensory attributes and chemical composition of fresh basil could introduce the improved cultivars with preponderant traits, which is also in accordance with the various demands of breeders and growers, food producers, and consumers.
Effect of H2O2 @CuONPs in the UV Light-Induced Removal of Organic Pollutant Congo Red Dye: Investigation into Mechanism with Additional Biomedical Study
Authors: Latif Salman , Abdulaziz Fahad , Alanazi Abdulaziz M. , Alsehli Amal H. , Alsowayigh Marwah M. , Alanazi Abdulaziz A. 
Published: January 2023

Hazardous dyes in industrial wastewater are an internationally recognized issue for community health. Nanoparticles synthesized through green protocols are a fascinating research field with numerous applications. The current study mainly aimed to investigate the degradation of Congo red (CR) dye under UV light in the presence of H2O2 and the photocatalytic activity of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs). For CuONP formation, Citrus maxima extract contains a high number of phytochemical constituents. The size of CuONPs ranges between 25 and 90 nm. The photocatalytic activity of CuONPs with the addition of H2O2 was observed and analyzed under UV light to eliminate CR dye. The UV light caused the decomposition of H2O2, which produced ·OH radicals. The results revealed a significant increment in dye degradation during the presence of H2O2. The effect of concentration on the degradation of the CR dye was also studied. The degradation pathway of organic pollutants was reputable from the hydroxy radical medicated degradation of CR. Advanced Oxidation Treatment depends on the in situ production of reactive ·OH species and is presented as the most effective procedure for decontamination. The biological activity of CuONPs was evaluated against Escherichia coli Bacillus subtillis, Staphylococcus aureus, Shigella flexenari, Acinetobacter Klebsiella pneumonia, Salmonella typhi and Micrococcus luteus. The newly synthesised nanomaterials showed strong inhibition activity against Escherichia coli (45%), Bacillus subtilis (42%) and Acinetobacter species (25%). The activity of CuONPs was also investigated against different fungus species such as: Aspergillus flavus, A. niger, Candida glabrata, T. longifusus, M. Canis, C. glabrata and showed a good inhibition zone against Candida glabrata 75%, Aspergillus flavus 68%, T. longifusus 60%. The materials showed good activity against C. glaberata, A. flavus and T. longifusus. Furthermore, CuONPs were tested for antioxidant properties using 2, 2 diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) (DPPH).
Assessment of Heavy Metal Distribution and Health Risk of Vegetable Crops Grown on Soils Amended with Municipal Solid Waste Compost for Sustainable Urban Agriculture
Authors: Bhardwaj Pallavi , Sharma Rajesh Kumar , Chauhan Abhishek , Ranjan Anuj , Rajput Vishnu D. , Minkina Tatiana , Mandzhieva Saglara S. , Mina Usha , Wadhwa Shikha , Bobde Prakash , Tripathi Ashutosh 
Published: January 2023

Rapid urbanization is one of the key factors that leads to defragmentation and the shrinking of agricultural land. It further leads to the generation of an ample amount of municipal waste. Several technologies have emerged in the past for its utilization, and in this regard, composting is one of the conventional approaches gaining popularity in modern agriculture. To overcome the possible criticality of intense urbanization, the concept of urban agriculture is taking shape. Municipal solid waste compost (MSWC) has been popularly explored for the soil amendments and nutritional requirements of crops. With this, the assessment of soil pollution (due to the heavy metals presently found in MSWC) is a required step for its safe application in agriculture. The present study aims at assessing the utilization of MSWC (in different ratios) to amend the soil and its impact on the growth and yield of brinjal (Solanum melongena), tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), and okra (Abelmoschus esculentus). The study also explored the uptake of heavy metals by plants and their risk to human consumption. The findings suggested that MSWC amendments upgraded the physio-chemical properties of soil, including organic matter (OM) and micronutrients, and increased the heavy metal concentrations in soil. Heavy metal analysis underlined the presence of several heavy metals both in soil and crops. Total metal concentration in soil increased with increased MSWC dosage. Concerning metal uptake by crop plants, 25% of MSWC was found to impart metal concentrations within permissible values in edible parts of crops. On the contrary, 50%, 75%, and 100% compost showed higher metal concentrations in the crops. A Health Risk Index (HRI) of less than 1 was found to be associated with soil amended with 25% MSWC. Our study implies that MSWC significantly improved the growth and yield of crops, and it can be considered an alternative to chemical fertilizer but only in a safer ratio (≤25%). However, further studies are required, especially on field conditions to validate the findings regarding metal accumulation.
Characteristics and Test Aspects of Metal-Based Foams
Authors: Bagyinszki Gyula 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
There is a continuous development in automotive body production to expand the use of metal foams. The use of aluminium foams in vehicles is made possible by the high strength/mass ratio, which means that mass reduction is not accompanied by a reduction in safety. Reducing mass (self-weight), on the other hand, is essential due to increasingly stringent environmental regulations. The present composition draws attention to the structural properties of metal-based foams and its testability.
Wear Modelling of Total Knee Replacements
Authors: Fekete Gusztáv , Tej Singh , Jánosi Endre 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Beside prosthesis loosening, wear is the mechanical factor that most significantly influences the lifetime of total knee replacements (TKRs), which can only be described by a number of interrelated parameters. The examination of the wear occurring in TKRs is mostly carried out as a combination of experiments and mathematical modeling. The experiment can provide the real magnitude of wear, while the model is intended to mathematically describe the relationship between wear and the wear-inducing parameters. On the one hand, this study focuses on the mathematical description of wear as a natural-technical phenomenon, presenting the most important analytical and numerical models, while also providing an open view on exciting questions that still await answers.
Investigation of Raw Materials for Sulfurized Vegetable Oil Based Lubricant Additives
Authors: Nagy Gábor Zoltán , Lázár Nikoletta , Nagy Roland 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Extreme Pressure (EP) additives are commonly used in lubricants to reduce wear and prevent seizures at high temperature and pressure. In terms of their mechanism, these build up a film on the surface with chemisorption. This film efficiently prevents metal-metal adhesion. Industrial statistics show that extreme pressure additives are mostly used in metalworking fluids, lubricating greases and engine oils.
Sulfurized vegetable oils can be used as EP additives of lubricants. This type of EP additive is ashless, derived from renewable sources and have a lesser negative effect on the environment compared to those that are not derived from vegetable sources. To determine the appropriate vegetable oils to be used as the raw material of EP additives, the structure of triglycerides, cost-effectiveness and availability aspects must be considered. Results of experiments show that rapeseed oil and soybean oil best meet this criteria system.
The Management of Sundanese Cultural Local Wisdom Learning in developing Early Childhood Nationalist Character
Authors: Yoseptry Ricky 
Published: January 2023

The background of this research is that education functions to empower human potential to inherit, shape, and build future culture and civilization. This study aimed to obtain an overview and information about learning Sundanese local wisdom in shaping the nationalist character in early childhood. This research was conducted in Puji Handayani Kindergarten, Cimahi CIty. This study uses a qualitative approach with a case study method, where the researcher observes directly how Sundanese local wisdom learning activities are carried out in Puji Handayani Kindergarten. This study concludes that Puji Handayani Kindergarten organizes learning of Sundanese local wisdom in shaping nationalist character in early childhood with the proper steps. Planning is prepared carefully since the beginning of the school year together with all components of the institution, which is poured in writing into the Semester Plan. The implementation of learning local wisdom of Sundanese culture in forming nationalist character in early childhood is carried out through four stages; namely, the planting, growing, carrying out, and stabilizing stages which are realized from the beginning of entry until it is time to go home including opening, core, resting/eating activities, and closing activities. From the management of the school, it has an impact on the formation of the child's nationalist character. The solution to overcome the obstacles in implementing Sundanese cultural local wisdom learning in forming a nationalist character in early childhood is to involve teachers in several pieces of training for learning Sundanese local wisdom and to explore various games of Sundanese local wisdom.
How to Apply Android Applications (Edmodo) and Google Forms as Learning Media in Historical Learning in High School
Authors: Usman Usman , Muhammad Tengku , Yanto Bagus Endri 
Published: January 2023

The learning that has been carried out so far, both conventionally and those who have implemented e-learning using computer devices, then slowly changes to mobile-based learning by utilizing smartphones and tablets. The use of ICT in history learning is expected to further increase students' understanding of the material being studied. The purpose of this study is to analyze how teachers apply edmodo and google forms as learning media in historical learning. The method used is descriptive analysis with a qualitative approach. The researchers collected the data throught literature review and analyzed them using content analysis technique. The data analysis stages comprised data reduction techniques, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. In addition, the development of this media can be done by the teacher independently. The use of edmodo and Google forms can be used as evaluation tools for history learning in high school. Learning by utilizing edmodo and google forms and sent to students via social media is expected to be able to overcome the limitations of teachers in distance learning
Religious Education Based Of Local Wisdom “Satu Tungku Tiga Batu” In Fak-Fak Community West Papua
Authors: Nur Indria 
Published: January 2023

This article examines one of the strategic efforts to prevent the spread of ideology of radicalism and terrorism, even conflict through religious education based on local cultural values as an effort to instill tolerant citizenship attitudes and uphold religious, national and state identities so that they remain inherent among the younger generation. Based on the result of the phenomenological qualitative research as well as interview data and observation on the indigenous peoples of Fakfak regency of west Papua, the local wisdom of “Satu Tungku Tiga Batu” in the multi etnic and multi religious Fakfak indigenous communities is able to internalize its cultural values into cohesive and reflecting values in the character of its strong citizens. Local wisdom “Satu Tungku Tiga Batu” in addition to functioning to maintain harmony and brotherhood, the concept of a three stone furnace also functions as a fakfak community identity that has a tolerant attitude, prioritizes the public interest rather than personal interest, honestly, does not like to interfere in the affairs of others and love one another. Local wisdom based religious education is presented not only in school educational, but also in family and community settings. This is evident from the existence of the people of Fakfak of west Papua who are very tolerant of one another, so that harmony in religious and social life is maintained, even interethnic and interfaith conflicts can be said to never occur
Pengaruh Kompensasi Finansial dan Non Finansial Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan
Authors: Denal Khaq Franfascal Niko , Saputra Beny Mahyudi , Nurhidayati Nurhidayati 
Published: January 2023

This study explains the impact of compensation, namely financial and non-financial on employee performance at UD. Sumber Rejeki. The subjects in the study were all employees UD Sumber Rejeki, totaling 50 peoples. Then obtained a sample of 40 people, namely permanent employees UD. Sumber Rejeki using purposive sampling technique. Data were obtained through distributing questionnaires, conducting observations, interviews, and literature studies. Data analysis techniques used by researchers are validity, reliability, classical assumptions, multiple linear regression analysis, and hypothesis testing. From the results of the test that has been carried out, it is found that financial and non-financial compensation has a significant influence on employee performance.
Keywords: Employee Performance, Financial Compensation, Non-Financial Compensation