bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gelfand–Dickey hierarchy, generalized BGW tau-function, and W-constraints
Authors: Yang Di , Zhou Chunhui 
Published: February 2023

AbstractLetr⩾2be an integer. The generalized Brezin–Gross–Witten (BGW) tau-function for the Gelfand–Dickey hierarchy of(r−1)dependent variables (aka ther-reduced Kadomtsev–Petviashvili hierarchy) is defined as a particular tau-function that depends on(r−1)constant parametersd1,…,dr−1. In this paper we show that this tau-function satisfies a family of linear equations, called theW-constraints of the second kind. The operators giving rise to the linear equations also depend on(r−1)constant parameters. We show that there is a one-to-one correspondence between the two sets of parameters.
Measurement of 9Be(3He,p
i
)11B (i = 0, 1, ..., 9) nuclear reaction cross sections in the 1.0 MeV to 2.5 MeV energy range
Authors: Vítor C M , Alves E , da Silva R C , Mateus R , Cruz J , Catarino N 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In fusion materials research using ion beam analysis techniques, the reactions 9Be(3He,p
i
)11B (i = 0, 1, 2…) are relevant to probe Be-related plasma-wall interactions. The cross sections for this reaction have been examined previously; nevertheless, there is a ∼40% difference in the studied energy interval between the two most relevant earlier studies. Therefore, a new data set for the differential cross sections 9Be(3He,p
i
)11B for the proton groups i = 0, 1, …, 9 is given. The measurements were performed using a thin beryllium film in the laboratory energy range from 1.0 MeV to 2.5 MeV in steps of 50 keV for lab angles from 115° to 165° to the incoming beam direction in steps of 10°. Additional measurements for intermediate angles were performed over the same energy range in steps of 250 keV. The results are in good agreement with one of the previous studies and a benchmarking measurement was performed against the yield of a beryllium thick target at 2.5 MeV for 135°.
Observation and characterization of quasi-continuous wave kW-class laser interaction with metal and metal oxide targets using a high-speed camera and microscopes
Authors: Daido Hiroyuki , Yamada Tomonori , Saruta Koichi , Miyabe Masabumi , Ito Chikara , Shibata Takuya , Inoue Kaoru , Terabayashi Ryohei , Hasegawa Shuichi 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Characterization of kW class quasi-continuous wave (a pulse duration of 10 ms) laser interaction with metal targets and those with metal oxide targets are presented in respect to the laser induced breakdown and the successive laser induced melting and evaporation coupled with a mechanical response followed by ejection of various kinds of particles and fragments. An experiment was performed using 0.3–5 kW fiber lasers coupled with a high-speed camera to observe dynamics of the interaction. Ejected fine particles with <1 μm diameters and particles with > a few μm diameters were collected using a cascade impactor and a home-made collector, respectively and these were observed with electron microscopes. Shapes of irradiation marks were observed with a digital optical microscope. We also measured total ejected mass from a target. The experimental results reveal that firstly the laser threshold intensity of the interaction with the metal target was lower and more stable than those with the metal oxide targets. Secondly, in the stainless steel targets, the dynamics of molten layer created by thermal conduction from the laser heated thin layer and successive particle ejection with less mechanical response by the adjacent solid layer are dominant processes, while in the metal oxide targets, the fracturing in the relatively deeper interaction region coupled with brittle material response having relatively large laser shot to shot fluctuation appears to play a significant role in addition to the laser induced melting.
Impact of exponential entropy on the thermodynamics of 4D charged Einstein-Guass-Bonnet-AdS black hole
Authors: Jawad Abdul , Zafar Usman , Saleem Muhammad , Manzoor Rubab 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In the presence of exponential corrected entropy, we investigate the thermal stability and phase transitions of a charged 4D Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet-AdS black hole by using the formalism known as the deflection angle formalism. Specifically, with the help of the elliptic function analysis, we investigate the phase structure of the black hole by focusing on the optical aspects. This has come to our attention that the thermal variation of the deflection angle can be used to generate both stable and unstable phases. The Hawking-Page phase transition, which is derived from the Gibbs free energy optical dependence, is another issue that we investigate with the help of exponentially corrected entropy. In addition, there are particular points along the deflection angle that produce a transition between large and small black holes. Our Gibbs free energy versus deflection angle behavior showed that the deflection angle can be utilized as a relevant quantity to determine the critical behavior of AdS black holes. In the presence of exponential corrected entropy, the thermodynamic geometry of a charged 4D Einstein-Guass-Bonnet-AdS black hole is also discussed.
Wavefront shaping to improve beam quality: converting a speckle pattern into a Gaussian spot
Authors: Paniagua-Diaz A M , Barnes W L , Bertolotti J 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
A perfectly collimated beam can be spread out by multiple scattering, creating a speckle pattern and increasing the étendue of the system. Standard optical systems conserve étendue, and thus are unable to reverse the process by transforming a speckle pattern into a collimated beam or, equivalently, into a sharp focus. Wavefront shaping is a technique that is able to manipulate the amplitude and/or phase of a light beam, thus controlling its propagation through such media. Wavefront shaping can thus break the conservation of étendue and, in principle, reduce it. In this work we study how much of the energy contained in a fully developed speckle pattern can be converted into a high quality (low M
2) beam, we support it with a theoretical framework and discuss the advantages and limitations of this approach.
Thermoelectricity in bilayer graphene superlattices
Authors: Briones-Torres J A , Pérez-Álvarez R , Molina-Valdovinos S , Rodríguez-Vargas I 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Low-dimensional thermoelectricity is based on the redistribution-accumulation of the electron density of states by reducing the dimension of thermoelectric structures. Superlattices are the archetype of these structures due to the formation of energy minibands and minigaps. Here, we study for the first time the thermoelectric response of gated bilayer graphene superlattices (GBGSLs). The study is based on the four-band effective Dirac Hamiltonian, the hybrid matrix method and the Landauer-Büttiker formalism. We analyze the Seebeck coefficient, the power factor, figure of merit, output power and efficiency for different temperatures and different superlattice structural parameters. We pay special attention to the impact of not only minibands and minigaps on the thermoelectric properties, but also to intrinsic resonances in bilayer graphene structures such as Breit-Wigner, Fano and hybrid resonances. In particular, we analyze the interplay between minibands and Fano resonances as a possible mechanism to improve the thermoelectric response of GBGSLs. We also compute the density of states to know if the redistribution-accumulation of electron states is implicated in the thermoelectric response of GBGSLs.
Improvement of resistive switching in δ-CsPbI3 devices by inserting carbon nanotube
Authors: Yang Xiaoting , Ye Zhanhong , Wang Ke , Zhang Ruoxuan , Wei Huanqi , Cui Yimin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
CsPbI3 is considered to one potential material in the future resistive random access memory(RRAM). There are four crystal types of CsPbI3, among which δ phase is the most stable and available to commercialize. However, the inherent defect of δ-CsPbI3 results in its inferior switching performance to other crystal types. Here, we present a new structure to solve this problem. Carbon nanotube (CNT) was inserted into the two interfaces of Ag/δ-CsPbI3/ITO and Ag/δ-CsPbI3/FTO to adjust its resistance switching performance. It is found that the introduction of carbon nanotube layer can effectively control durability of RRAM devices through influencing strength of conductive filaments. These findings present a new strategy for the future design of δ-CsPbI3 memory.
Cooperativity and clusters properties in ferromagnetic spin transition systems
Authors: Metatla Abboud , Nicolazzi William , Latelli H’mida , Bousseksou Azzedine 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
A Swendsen-Wang cluster Monte Carlo dynamics simulation technique has been used to simulate a 2D-ferromagnetic Ising-type model for spin transition systems. In the purpose to investigate the link between the strength of cooperative interactions and the clusters properties, we shed light on the size and the number of clusters forming the system. Results show that clusters properties in highly cooperative systems are totally different from those in weakly cooperative ones.
The fate of horizons under quantum corrections
Authors: Álvarez Enrique , Anero Jesús , Velasco-Aja Eduardo 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we study the physical effects of deforming the usual Einstein-Hilbert
lagrangian with the Goroff-Sagnotti counterterm (the first which is nonvanishing on shell). Only
spherically symmetric solutions are discussed. The facts that Schwarzschild's spacetime is not a
solution to the corresponding equations of motion and Birkhoff's theorem validity are analyzed and
some consequences worked out.
Catastrogenesis: DM, GWs, and PBHs from ALP string-wall networks
Authors: Gelmini Graciela B. , Simpson Anna , Vitagliano Edoardo 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Axion-like particles (ALPs), a compelling candidate for dark matter (DM), are the pseudo
Nambu-Goldstone bosons of a spontaneously and explicitly broken global U(1) symmetry. When the
symmetry breaking happens after inflation, the ALP cosmology predicts the formation of a
string-wall network which must annihilate early enough, producing gravitational waves (GWs) and
primordial black holes (PBHs), as well as non-relativistic ALPs. We call this process
catastrogenesis. We show that, under the generic assumption that the potential has
several degenerate minima, GWs from string-wall annihilation at temperatures below 100 eV could be
detected by future CMB and astrometry probes, for ALPs with mass from 10-16 to
106 eV. In this case, structure formation could limit ALPs to constitute a fraction of the DM
and the annihilation would produce mostly “stupendously large” PBHs. For larger annihilation
temperatures, ALPs can constitute 100% of DM, and the annihilation could produce supermassive
black holes with a mass of up to 109
M
⊙ as found at the center of large
galaxies. Therefore our model can solve two mysteries, the nature of the DM and the origin of
these black holes.
Scalar overproduction in standard cosmology and predictivity of non-thermal dark matter
Authors: Lebedev Oleg 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Stable scalars can be copiously produced in the Early Universe even if they have no
coupling to other fields. We study production of such scalars during and after (high scale)
inflation, and obtain strong constraints on their mass scale. Quantum gravity-induced
Planck-suppressed operators make an important impact on the abundance of dark relics. Unless the
corresponding Wilson coefficients are very small, they normally lead to overproduction of dark
states. In the absence of a quantum gravity theory, such effects are uncontrollable, bringing
into question predictivity of many non-thermal dark matter models. These considerations may have
non-trivial implications for string theory constructions, where scalar fields are abundant.
Deep Large Binocular Camera r-band Observations of the GOODS-N Field
Authors: Ashcraft Teresa A. , McCabe Tyler , Redshaw Caleb , Windhorst Rogier A. , Jansen Rolf A. , Cohen Seth H. , Carleton Timothy , Ganzel Kris , Koekemoer Anton M. , Ryan Russell E. , Nonino Mario , Paris Diego , Grazian Andrea , Fontana Adriano , Giallongo Emanuele , Speziali Roberto , Testa Vincenzo , Boutsia Konstantina , O’Connell Robert W. , Rutkowski Michael J. , Scarlata Claudia , Teplitz Harry I. , Wang Xin , Rafelski Marc , Grogin Norman A. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We obtained 838 Sloan r-band images (∼28 hr) of the GOODS-North field with the Large Binocular Camera (LBC) on the Large Binocular Telescope in order to study the presence of extended, low surface brightness features in galaxies and investigate the trade-off between image depth and resolution. The individual images were sorted by effective seeing, which allowed for optimal resolution and optimal depth mosaics to be created with all images with seeing FWHM < 0.″9 and FWHM < 2.″0, respectively. Examining bright galaxies and their substructure as well as accurately deblending overlapping objects requires the optimal resolution mosaic, while detecting the faintest objects possible (to a limiting magnitude of m
AB ∼ 29.2 mag) requires the optimal depth mosaic. The better surface brightness sensitivity resulting from the larger LBC pixels, compared to those of extant WFC3/UVIS and ACS/WFC cameras aboard the Hubble Space Telescope allows for unambiguous detection of both diffuse flux and very faint tidal tails. Azimuthally-averaged radial surface brightness profiles were created for the 360 brightest galaxies in each of the two mosaics. On average, these profiles showed minimal difference between the optimal resolution and optimal depth surface brightness profiles. However, ≲15% of the profiles show excess flux in the galaxy outskirts down to surface brightness levels of

μ

r

AB

≃ 31 mag arcsec−2. This is relevant to Extragalactic Background Light (EBL) studies as diffuse light in the outer regions of galaxies are thought to be a major contribution to the EBL. While some additional diffuse light exists in the optimal depth profiles compared to the shallower, optimal resolution profiles, we find that diffuse light in galaxy outskirts is a minor contribution to the EBL overall in the r-band.
TRPV1-mediated sonogenetic neuromodulation of motor cortex in freely moving mice
Authors: Xu Kevin , Yang Yaoheng , Hu Zhongtao , Yue Yimei , Gong Yan , Cui Jianmin , Culver Joseph P , Bruchas Michael R , Chen Hong 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background. Noninvasive and cell-type-specific neuromodulation tools are critically needed for probing intact brain function. Sonogenetics for noninvasive activation of neurons engineered to express thermosensitive transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) by transcranial focused ultrasound (FUS) was recently developed to address this need. However, using TRPV1-mediated sonogenetics to evoke behavior by targeting the cortex is challenged by its proximity to the skull due to high skull absorption of ultrasound and increased risks of thermal-induced tissue damage. Objective. This study evaluated the feasibility and safety of TRPV1-mediated sonogenetics in targeting the motor cortex to modulate the locomotor behavior of freely moving mice. Approach. Adeno-associated viral vectors was delivered to the mouse motor cortex via intracranial injection to express TRPV1 in excitatory neurons. A wearable FUS device was installed on the mouse head after a month to control neuronal activity by activating virally expressed TRPV1 through FUS sonication at different acoustic pressures. Immunohistochemistry staining of ex vivo brain slices was performed to verify neuron activation and evaluate safety. Results. TRPV1-mediated sonogenetic stimulation at 0.7 MPa successfully evoked rotational behavior in the direction contralateral to the stimulation site, activated cortical neurons as indicated by the upregulation of c-Fos, and did not induce significant changes in inflammatory or apoptotic markers (GFAP, Iba1, and Caspase-3). Sonogenetic stimulation of TRPV1 mice at a higher acoustic pressure, 1.1 MPa, induced significant changes in motor behavior and upregulation of c-Fos compared with FUS sonication of naïve mice at 1.1 MPa. However, signs of damage at the meninges were observed at 1.1 MPa. Significance. TRPV1-mediated sonogenetics can achieve effective and safe neuromodulation at the cortex with carefully selected FUS parameters. These findings expand the application of this technique to include superficial brain targets.
Conceptual design of solid-type Pb
x
Li
y
eutectic alloy breeding blanket for CFETR
Authors: Jiang K. , Wu Q. , Chen L. , Liu S. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
As a key component of the Chinese Fusion Engineering and Test Reactor (CFETR), the blanket is responsible for tritium breeding, neutron shielding and energy conversion. Blankets can be classified into solid and liquidaccording to the form of tritium breeder. Among them, the solid blanket utilizes the pebble beds as both the tritium breeder and neutron multiplier, and it has been a popular scheme due to its advantages, such as good material compatibility and non-magnetohydrodynamic effects. However, it usually adopts beryllium or an alloy (i.e. Be and Be12Ti) for multiplying neutrons, causing a very high cost of the solid blanket due to the scarcity of natural resources of beryllium, and this hinders its development. In this paper, a novel solid blanket utilizing a PbLi eutectic alloy was proposed to make up the above deficiency. Pb83Li17 is usually applied in a liquid blanket due to its lowmelting point. However, this kind of alloy can have a higher melting point by adjusting the atomic ratio of Pb/Li, and thus it can be used in the solid blanket both for the tritium breeder and neutron multiplier. Based on the blanket modular design of CFETR, the optimization of the radial layouts, the atomic ratio of Pb/Li and the packed structure of the pebble beds are studied through neutronic and thermal hydraulic analysis. The results indicate that the solid-type Pb
x
Li
y
can satisfy the requirement of tritium self-sufficiency, and the global tritium breeding ratio is larger than 1.0. In addition, the cooling system design can retain the maximum temperature of Pb
x
Li
y
at a lower level without melting. Overall, this kind of solid-type Pb
x
Li
y
blanket is feasible from the perspective of neutronic and thermal hydraulics, and it avoids using beryllium; thus, the cost is highly reduced.
Isotope effects on intrinsic rotation in hydrogen, deuterium and tritium plasmas
Authors: Nave M.F.F. , Delabie E. , Ferreira J. , Garcia J. , King D. , Lennholm M. , Lomanowski B. , Parra F. , Fernandez P.R. , Bernardo J. , Baruzzo M. , Barnes M. , Casson F. , Hillesheim J.C. , Hubber A. , Joffrin E. , Kappatou A. , Maggi C.F. , Mauriya A. , Meneses L. , Romanelli M. , Salzedas F. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The isotope effect on intrinsic rotation was studied at the Joint European Torus (JET) tokamak. With the unique capability of JET to operate with tritium (T), for the first time, experiments in hydrogen (H), deuterium (D) and T in Ohmic plasmas were compared. Two rotation reversals per isotope type are observed in plasma density scans spanning the linear and the saturated Ohmic confinement regimes. A clear isotope mass dependence is observed at the higher densities. The magnitude of the core rotation was found to depend on isotope mass, with stronger co-current rotation observed in H. Change on intrinsic rotation characteristics coexist with a stronger thermal energy confinement in T.
The IAEA DEMO Programme Workshop Series: 2012–2021 report
Authors: Gonzalez de Vicente S.M. , Surrey E. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The IAEA DEMO Programme Workshop Series was initiated to be the reference forum to debate, evaluate and establish the next steps to be taken within the international fusion community to deliver fusion as a reliable source of clean energy. The DEMO programme refers predominantly to a future magnetic confinement Tokamak design concept, after the ITER project, with a goal of delivering electricity to the grid. To enable this, the programme workshop series provides a unique frame where the discussion and analysis of the progress and findings of the various DEMO programmes, and not just the presentation of results being the major goals. More recently, due to the construction development of ITER, the workshop has also provided a forum to bring together the fusion community and industry. This is an important development for DEMO programmes, which will be more reliant on industry given their focus on devices proximate to a commercial fusion power plant. In this paper a summary of all editions of this workshop (2012–2013–2015–2016–2018–2019) up to 2021 are summarized. Topics addressed are listed and findings and open questions pointed out for each edition.
Reliability Evaluation of Remote Wind-storage Plant Based on Substitutable Output Capacity
Authors: Qi Tengyun , Wu Qiren , Shen Ziqi , Liu Jianping , Mei Shengwei 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Energy storage is widely introduced and integrated into generating systems involving renewable energy usage, as it can smooth power output, alleviate system volatility, and reduce renewable power spillage. This paper studies the reliability evaluation of remote wind-storage plants. The dispatch procedure is formulated to supply smooth power output during a long-time horizon. The concept of substitutable output capacity is introduced to evaluate the capability of a wind-storage plant that provides steady power during most time segments. The proposed model can provide meaningful inference on the reliability and stationarity of a renewable plant, reflecting the advantage of storage-assisted generation.
Design of collaborative control system for low temperature operation of air-cooled proton exchange membrane fuel cell
Authors: Pang Jian , Ma Chunyan , Dou Yinke , Hou Maolin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The air-cooled proton exchange membrane fuel cell has an open cathode, so the temperature, air volume and humidity of the air participating in the cathode reaction and the air used for heat dissipation will directly affect the performance of the fuel cell. In this paper, the relationship between the optimal working temperature of the air-cooled proton exchange membrane fuel cell and the ambient temperature, ambient humidity and working current is obtained through experiments, and a collaborative control system based on BP neural network fuzzy incremental PID stack temperature and working chamber temperature is designed. Experiments show that the control system can make the stack and working cabin reach the set temperature in low temperature environment.
Stability Assessment Method for New Energy Stations Merged into the Receiving End Power Grid
Authors: Sheng Siiqng , Wang Xu 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Replacing thermal power with new energy is the future power grid development trend. Many distributed new energy stations are integrated into the power grid in areas with concentrated loads, such as Shandong Province. The short-circuit ratio (SCR) is often used to evaluate the system’s stability, but the short-circuit ratio index is a static index with no actual physical meaning, so it is difficult to reflect the transient stability problem after the new energy station is connected. In this paper, an analytical calculation method for the fault-clearing time of new energy power stations is proposed according to the operating state of the induction motor. The fault limit clearing time is used as an index to evaluate the system’s stability, which has practical physical significance and good results.