bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of multiple-opinion referrals and consults at the BC Children’s Hospital Allergy Clinic
Authors: Sage Adam P. , James Elliot , Burke Megan , Chan Edmond S. , Wong Tiffany 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Allergic disease is on the rise. Waitlists for specialists are long, and many referred patients have already received prior allergic assessment, either by a certified Allergist, Primary Care Provider, or other Specialist. It is important to understand the prevalence and motivating factors for multiple-opinion referrals, to deliver timely assessment for patients with allergic disease.

Methods
A retrospective chart review of demographic information, number of previous consultations, and motivation for new consults and multiple-opinion referrals, of pediatric patients aged 8 months–17 years to BC Children’s Hospital Allergy Clinic from September 1, 2016–August 31, 2017, was performed. Referral data including reason for referral or multiple-opinion, primary allergic concerns, and others, from referral forms and consult notes were accessed through local Electronic Medical Records and subsequently analyzed for trends in categorical variables to assess the rationale for and impact of multiple-opinion referrals to our clinic.

Results
Of 1029 new referrals received, 210 (20.4%) were multiple-opinion referrals. Food allergy was the predominant allergic concern prompting further opinion (75.7%). The main rationale for seeking further opinions was wanting an assessment by a certified allergist in cases where prior consultation was performed by non-allergist specialist, primary care provider, or alternative health care provider. Of second-opinion referrals generated, 70 (33.3%) initial consultations were performed by an Allergist, whereas 140 (66.7%) were performed by a non-allergist.

Conclusions
Many new consults at the BCCH Allergy Clinic are multiple-opinion assessments, contributing to long waitlists. Advocacy at the systems level through standardized referral guidelines, centralized triaging systems, and stronger support for Primary Care Providers is needed to provide better access in Canada for children needing a specialized Allergist.
Trial registration UBC/BCCH Research Ethics Board
Identification of mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition during heart regeneration through genetic lineage tracing
Authors: Gao Zibei , Lu Zhengkai , Meng Jinyan , Lin Chao-Po , Zhang Hui , Tang Juan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe epicardium is the important outermost mesothelial/epithelial layer of the heart that serves as a signaling center for cardiac development and repair. During heart development, epicardial cells undergo a process known as epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition to form diverse mesenchymal cell lineages, such as fibroblasts, coronary vascular smooth muscle cells, and pericytes. However, it is not clear whether the reverse process, mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET), takes place in the mammalian heart. In this study, we performed apical resection on neonatal hearts and used Fap-CreER;Ai9 labeling to track activated fibroblasts in the injured cardiac regions. We found that these fibroblasts underwent MET to generate epicardial cells during heart regeneration. To our knowledge, this is the first report of MET occurring in vivo during heart development and regeneration. Our findings suggest that it is feasible to directly convert fibroblasts into epicardial cells, providing a novel approach to generate epicardial cells.
The global geomagnetic field over the historical era: what can we learn from ship-log declinations?
Authors: Schanner Maximilian , Bohsung Lukas , Fischer Clara , Korte Monika , Holschneider Matthias 
Published: June 2023

AbstractModern geomagnetic field models are constructed from satellite and observatory data, while models on the millennial timescale are constructed from indirect records of thermoremanent and sedimentary origin. An intermediate period, spanning the last four centuries, is covered by historical survey data and ship-logs, which is strongly dominated by geomagnetic declination information. We apply a sequentialized, Gaussian process-based modeling technique to this dataset and propose a new field model for this era. In order to investigate the information gained from declination records from ship-logs, we separate the dataset and construct a second model, where unpaired declination records (i.e., measurements where only declinations are reported and the rest of the field vector is missing) are removed. The availability of more records helps notably to constrain global field properties like the dipole moment. It also allows to resolve some detailed field structures more accurately. Based on the model constructed from the full dataset, we perform an analysis of the South Atlantic Anomaly and regions of low field intensity in general. We extend a recent analysis of center of mass movement and area evolution of the South Atlantic Anomaly further back in time and confirm the findings of its non-monotonous growth.
Graphical Abstract
OCT biomarkers as predictors of visual improvement in diabetic macular edema eyes receiving dexamethasone implants
Authors: Visioli Giacomo , Alisi Ludovico , Mastrogiuseppe Elvia , Albanese Giuseppe Maria , Romano Enrico , Iannetti Ludovico , Armentano Marta , Giovannetti Francesca , Gharbiya Magda 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Several optical coherence tomography (OCT) biomarkers have been proposed as predictors for functional and anatomical outcomes in Diabetic Macular Edema (DME). This study aims to examine the impact of these OCT features on the visual acuity improvement of patients with DME after long-acting Dexamethasone intravitreal implants (DEX-I) injection. Furthermore, the safety and impact of DEX-I on clinical parameters, including intraocular pressure (IOP) were assessed.

Methods
In this retrospective observational study, we reviewed the medical records of naïve and non-naïve eyes with DME who received at least one DEX-I. The primary endpoint was visual acuity improvement of ≥ 5 ETDRS letters at 1 month and 4 months after treatment. Secondary outcomes were the changes in OCT biomarkers and the impact of DEX-I on IOP at 1 and 4 months of follow-up. Linear panel regression analysis was used to test for differences in central subfield thickness (CST) over time and it was stratified according to biomarkers at baseline. Finally, a logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors predicting visual improvement at 1 and 4 months.

Results
We included 33 eyes of which 63.6% were at an advanced stage of DME. Overall, CST, cube average thickness (CAT), cube volume (CV), and intraretinal cystoid spaces > 200 μm (ICS) decreased following DEX-I injection (p < 0.001). Additionally, a thicker CST at baseline was observed in eyes with better visual improvement at one month (p = 0.048). After logistic regression analysis, CST was retained as the only predictor for visual improvement at one month (p = 0.044). Furthermore, panel regression analysis identified a relation between subfoveal neuroretinal detachment (SND) at baseline and CST increase at four months. Lastly, only 15.2% of the eyes necessitated topical medication for IOP reduction, with no differences observed when stratifying between naïve and non-naïve eyes.

Conclusion
Our analyses suggest that a ticker baseline CST may serve as a positive predictor of early visual improvement and SND presence at baseline may be a negative prognostic factor for CST increase 4 months after DEX-I injection. Other well-known biomarkers, such as disorganization of the inner retinal layers (DRIL) and hyperreflective foci (HF), did not demonstrate prognostic value on visual outcomes, at least within the first four months following the injection.
The scientific value of fire in wilderness
Authors: Kreider Mark R. , Jaffe Melissa R. , Berkey Julia K. , Parks Sean A. , Larson Andrew J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundWilderness areas are important natural laboratories for scientists and managers working to understand fire. In the last half-century, shifts in the culture and policy of land management agencies have facilitated the management practice of letting some naturally ignited fires burn, allowing fire to fulfill its ecological role and increasing the extent of fire-related research opportunities. With the goal of identifying the global scientific advances enabled by this paradigm shift in wilderness fire management, we conducted a systematic review of publications that either (1) selected protected areas for investigation because of an active fire regime enabled by wilderness fire management, (2) studied modern fires or fire regimes deliberately located in a wilderness area, or (3) conducted applied research to support wilderness fire management.ResultsOur systematic review returned a sample of 222 publications that met these criteria, with an increase in wilderness fire science over time. Studies largely occurred in the USA and were concentrated in a relatively small number of protected areas, particularly in the Northern Rocky Mountains. As a result, this sample of wilderness fire science is highly skewed toward areas of temperate mixed-conifer forests and historical mixed-severity fire regimes. Common principal subjects of publications included fire effects (44%), wilderness fire management (18%), or fire regimes (17%), and studies tended to focus on vegetation, disturbance, or wilderness management as response variables.ConclusionsThis work identifies major scientific contributions facilitated by fire in wilderness, including self-limitation of fire, the effects of active fire regimes on forest and aquatic systems, barriers and potential solutions to wilderness fire management, and the effect of fire on wilderness recreation and visitor experiences. Our work reveals geographic and bioclimatic areas where more research attention is needed and highlights under-represented wilderness areas that could serve to fill these gaps. Finally, we identify priorities for future wilderness fire research, including the past and potential role of Indigenous and prescribed burning, the effects of changing climate and fire regimes on ecosystem processes, and how to overcome barriers to wilderness fire management.
Cognitive impairment in adults under compulsory psychiatric care: association with psychotic symptoms and high-dose antipsychotics
Authors: Karanikola Maria , Nystazaki Maria , Kaikoushi Katerina , Middleton Nicos , Chatzittofis Andreas 
Published: June 2023

Background
There is limited evidence on the association between cognitive function, psychotic symptoms and doses of antipsychotics in adults under compulsory psychiatric care.

Aims
We assessed (a) the degree of cognitive impairment in adults involuntarily hospitalised for compulsory psychiatric care and (b) correlation of Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score with psychotic symptoms, polypharmacy and prescription of high-dose antipsychotics.

Method
This was a nationwide, cross-sectional study, conducted at the only referral state hospital for compulsory psychiatric care in Cyprus (December 2016–February 2018). Τhe MoCA was applied for the assessment of cognitive functioning. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) was applied for the assessment of psychotic symptoms.

Results
The sample comprised 187 men and 116 women. The mean MoCA score was 22.09 (reported scale range (RSR): 3–30); the mean PANSS general symptoms subscale score was 49.60 (RSR = 41–162). The participants who reported positive psychiatric history (mean 21.71, s.d. 5.37), non-adherence to pharmacotherapy (mean 21.32, s.d. 5.56) and prescription of high-dose antipsychotics (with medication prescribed as needed: mean 21.31, s.d. 5.70; without medication prescribed as needed: mean 20.71, s.d. 5.78) had lower mean MoCA scores compared with those who reported negative psychiatric history (mean 23.42, s.d. 4.51; P = 0.017), adherence to pharmacotherapy (mean 23.10, s.d. 6.61; P = 0.003) and no prescription of high-dose antipsychotics (with medication prescribed as needed: mean 22.56, s.d. 4.90; without medication prescribed as needed: mean 22.60 s.d. 4.94; P = 0.045–0.005), respectively. Mean MoCA score was mildly and inversely associated with total PANSS score (r = −0.15, P = 0.03), PANSS general (r = −0.18, P = 0.002) and PANSS negative (r = −0.16, P = 0.005) symptoms subscales, respectively.

Conclusions
Our findings support the evaluation of cognitive functioning in adults under compulsory psychiatric care via the MoCA tool, with focus on those prescribed high-dose antipsychotics, with positive mental health history and non-adherence to pharmacotherapy.
Playing with the cultural pilgrimage to stimulate tourism: the xFORMAL project on cultural heritage and informal learning.
Authors: Siri Anna , Di Nuzzo Annalisa , Marchesini Simona 
Published: June 2023

The focus on culture as an engine of sustainable development has favoured its gradual acquisition by institutions engaged in the protection and promotion of heritage as an enabling and systemic factor capable of connecting innovation, education, research, and citizen engagement in a single chain. Knowledge of the landscape that combines works of nature and humankind and its bio-cultural diversity makes it possible to identify innovative informal education and new tourist itineraries where the real experience is presented as a cultural pilgrimage. The European project of the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Programme RISE project, xFORMAL, in which the authors collaborate, was born to create an informal way of accessing the cultural heritage of one's territory, revealing its past, history, and the civilisations that preceded us. After two years of closure due to the pandemic, this project reintroduced an authentic experience through gamification, a contact with landscapes, museums, and archaeological sites with physical, social, and cultural dimensions of their environments across space and over time. On this basis, the article presents the case study and experimental plan behind the construction of the game xFORMAL as an informal learning case.
On the Issue of Effective Verification of the Quality of Students’ Knowledge in Accordance with Their Personal Characteristics
Authors: Dogadina E. , Bocharov M. 
Published: June 2023

The issue of effective testing of the quality of students’ knowledge is relevant and significant in the field of education. It is necessary to improve the practice of assessing students’ knowledge in order to achieve maximum quality and efficiency. However, the educational process should be not only effective but also maximally adapted to each student. The paper presents a system for optimizing the quality control of students’ knowledge, depending on their personal characteristics. This task will be solved on the basis of intelligent methods of modeling, optimization and decision making. As one of the ways to test the quality of knowledge, a control work was chosen, performed both individually and in small groups. This article is devoted to the issue of the optimal distribution of students for work in groups or individually. The developed adaptive system performs optimization based on several optimality criteria and taking into account the normalized personal characteristics of students. As an optimization method, a genetic algorithm was chosen, the chromosomes of which are encoded in accordance with the personal characteristics of students. The best options for combining the personal qualities of students when divided into groups are determined. Pareto-optimal sets for a multi-criteria objective function are obtained taking into account the criteria importance coefficients.
The developed system will allow not only to reduce the teacher’s time spent on the process of dividing into groups, but also to make this process the most effective for students by taking into account their personal qualities.
Endurance Training and Cardiovascular Health: Mechanism and Clinical Implications
Authors: Rokicki Sebastian , Skoczylas Kamila , Schok Katarzyna , Mikulska Julia 
Published: June 2023

Introduction and objective:
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide, but regular physical activity can help reduce the risk of heart disease. Intensive endurance training brings many undeniable benefits but recently there have been scientific studies regarding potential complications that this type of physical activity may cause. This publication attempts to analyze whether the intensity of endurance training can reach a level at which it becomes harmful to the health of athletes.
Materials and methods:
This article reviews the literature on the impact of physical activity on cardiovascular health, with particular emphasis on endurance training. Articles were searched by key words, e.g. endurance training, cardiovascular health, marathon, running, cycling in various configurations, in Pubmed, Medline, Google Scholar databases.
Actual state of knowledge:
Regular physical activity is commonly regarded as the best preventive factor for cardiovascular diseases. Intensive endurance training significantly increases the efficiency of the cardiovascular system. Despite the significant benefits of regular endurance training, scientific reports suggest that athletes practicing this type of activity are more prone to developing certain cardiovascular disorders, such as coronary heart disease, atrial fibrillation, sinus bradycardia, and myocardial fibrosis.
Colclusion:
Regular and moderate aerobic physical activity is key to maintain optimal health. Endurance athletes develop a series of adaptations in the cardiovascular system, exhibit greater survival rates, and are less likely to experience sudden cardiac death compared to those who do not engage in regular physical activity. There is evidence suggesting a higher incidence of certain cardiovascular complications compared to healthy individuals who do not engage in sports. The reasons for these changes and their impact should be the subject of further research.
A stomal therapists experience of a novel chyme reinfusion device for high output enterostomies: A case series instituting a novel chyme reinfusion device in three patients
Authors: Ludlow Emma , Liu Chen 
Published: June 2023

Background: Reinfusing chyme down the distal limb of an enterostomy is a well-researched technique for helping prevent dehydration and electrolyte loss from a high-output enterostomy. However, it has not gained traction because it is a labour-intensive task that requires nursing management and further in-hospital care. A novel chyme reinfusion device that a patient can manage is now available (The InsidesTM System, The Insides Company, New Zealand). Cases: This paper explores a stomal therapist's experience instituting The InsidesTM System for three patients with high output enterostomies. The reinfusion device is a simple set-up that has been shown to reduce fluid and electrolyte imbalances, reduce and remove the need for parenteral nutrition and is patient managed. Patient experience and learning points gained from the three participants were collected across the themes of patient consent, education of patients and carers, custom tube installation into the distal limb, usability testing and feedback to the device developers. Conclusions: The novel chyme reinfusion device is a simple patient-managed solution that is easy to install and initiate. Clinical benefits include preventing dehydration and electrolyte loss from high-output double enterostomies. By instituting a thorough supportive follow-up management plan for each patient, there were minimal complications with high patient compliance and satisfaction.
Catadioptric sensor concept with interlaced beam paths for imaging and pinpoint spectroscopy
Authors: Förster Erik , Cumme Samuel , Kraus Matthias , Dobschal Hans-Jürgen , Hillmer Hartmut , Brunner Robert 
Published: June 2023

This paper presents the concept, optical design, and implementation of a catadioptric sensor for simultaneous imaging of a scene and pinpoint spectroscopy of a selected position, with object distances ranging from tens of centimeters to infinity and from narrow to wide adjustable viewing angles. The use of reflective imaging elements allows the implementation of folded and interlaced beam paths for spectroscopy and image acquisition, which enables a compact setup with a footprint of approximately 90mm×80mm. Although the wavelength range addressed extends far beyond the visible spectrum and reaches into the near infrared (∼400nm to 1000 nm), only three spherical surfaces are needed to project the intermediate image onto the image detector. The anamorphic imaging introduced by the folded beam path with different magnification factors in the horizontal and vertical directions as well as distortion can be compensated by software-based image processing. The area of the scene to be spectrally analyzed is imaged onto the input of an integrated miniature spectrometer. The imaging properties and spectroscopic characteristics are demonstrated in scenarios close to potential applications such as product sorting and fruit quality control.
Optimal telework frequency in terms of sleep and labor productivity depends on the workers’ psychological distress: A cross-sectional study in Tokyo, Japan
Authors: Matsumoto Yuuki , Kumadaki Kunitaka , Hino Ayako , Itani Osamu , Otsuka Yuichiro , Kaneita Yoshitaka 
Published: June 2023

Objectives
This study aimed to determine that workers’ sleep and labor productivity differ with the telework frequency and that the optimal telework frequency depends on workers’ psychological distress.

Methods
A cross-sectional study using an online-based questionnaire was conducted with 2,971 workers employed by Japanese companies from October to December 2021. We used the 6-item Kessler Scale, K6, as a nonspecific psychological distress scale to screen mental health conditions. A score of ≤ 4 was defined as low psychological distress (LPD), and a score of ≥ 5 was defined as high psychological distress (HPD). We used the Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS) as a measure of sleep quality. The Utrecht Work Engagement (UWES) and Work Functioning Impairment (WFun) scales were used as measures of labor productivity. Series of analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used for the data analysis.

Results
The analysis included 2,013 participants (1,390 men and 623 women; mean age 43.2 years, standard deviation 11.3). Multiple comparison tests showed that among the participants categorized HPD (HPD type), the AIS estimates were lowest in the 1–2 d/wk group, with significant differences between the 0–3 d/m and ≥ 5 d/wk groups. UWES estimates were lowest in the 3–4 d/wk group with significant differences between the participants categorized LPD (LPD type) and HPD type, while no significant differences were observed among the LPD type. The WFun estimates among the LPD type decreased significantly with increasing telework frequency, while no significant differences were observed among the HPD type.

Conclusions
The optimal telework frequency for sleep and labor productivity may depend on the workers’ psychological distress. The finding of this study could make a great contribution to occupational health activities and health promotion for teleworkers, which is necessary to make teleworking a sustainable work style.