bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Computing relaxations for the three-dimensional stable matching problem with cyclic preferences
Authors: Cseh Ágnes , Escamocher Guillaume , Quesada Luis 
Published: June 2023

AbstractConstraint programming has proven to be a successful framework for determining whether a given instance of the three-dimensional stable matching problem with cyclic preferences (3dsm-cyc) admits a solution. If such an instance is satisfiable, constraint models can even compute its optimal solution for several different objective functions. On the other hand, the only existing output for unsatisfiable 3dsm-cyc instances is a simple declaration of impossibility. In this paper, we explore four ways to adapt constraint models designed for 3dsm-cyc to the maximum relaxation version of the problem, that is, the computation of the smallest part of an instance whose modification leads to satisfiability. We also extend our models to support the presence of costs on elements in the instance, and to return the relaxation with lowest total cost for each of the four types of relaxation. Empirical results reveal that our relaxation models are efficient, as in most cases, they show little overhead compared to the satisfaction version.
How does public policy impact trafficking victimization?: An exact matching study in the EU
Authors: Nordquist Sienna 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTrafficking in human beings (THB) is a widespread, transnational issue in the European Union (EU). Member states act as source, transit, and destination countries for intra-EU trafficking, in addition to being a major destination region for external THB victims. This study presents a new dataset of THB victims observed in each EU member state per year and by type of exploitation going back as far as 2001 and employs exact matching methods to test the link between different prostitution policies and Roma secondary education attainment rates on observed THB victimization. The paper also builds off previous literature to compare how different legal prostitution models and THB supply factors are expected to influence various types of THB. The results indicate that legalized prostitution and lower educational attainment among the Roma community increase observed THB victimization, especially THB for the purpose of sexual exploitation. The paper does not find that the Swedish model significantly increases or decreases observed THB victimization. In demonstrating how matching methods can be utilized to uncover policy patterns in THB outcomes, this study provides a blueprint for how other hidden phenomena, such as corruption or migration, can be robustly and empirically tested.
From Counterfactual Conditionals to Temporal Conditionals
Authors: Hosokawa Yuichiro 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAlthough it receives less attention, (Lewis in Noûs 13:455–476, 1979. https://doi.org/10.2307/2215339) admitted that the branching-time(-like) model fits a wide range of counterfactuals, including (Nix) ‘If Nixon had pressed the button, there would have been a nuclear war’, which was raised by (Fine in Mind 84:451–458, 1975). However, Lewis then claimed that similarity analysis is more general than temporality analysis. In this paper, we do not scrutinise his claim. Instead, we re-analyse (Nix) not only model-theoretically but also proof-theoretically from the ‘meaning-as-use’ and ‘inferentialist’ points of view. Then, we re-formalise (Nix) in a natural extension of hybrid tense logic, which we refer to as hybrid tense logic for temporal conditionals (HTL$$_{TC}$$

TC

). Consequently, we find that not only among counterfactuals, but also among indicatives, there is a wide range of conditionals whose formalisation in HTL$$_{TC}$$

TC

is appropriate. We refer to these conditionals as temporal conditionals. This suggests a new logical generality that temporality analysis has but similarity analysis does not, from which emerges a new logical perspective on conditionals in general: temporal ones and others.
Fibronectin-derived protein forms a protein corona on gold nanoparticles: synthesis, Raman and optical properties of a new plasmonic nanocarrier
Authors: Candreva Angela , Crea Roberto , Nucera Antonello , Barberi Riccardo C. , Castriota Marco , La Deda Massimo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSynthetic fibronectin III-derived protein scaffolds represent a new generation of proteins that can overcome some clinical limitations of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies. However, one major disadvantage of smaller protein scaffolds is their rapid renal clearance and correspondingly short circulating serum half-lives. A complex formation of these protein scaffolds with nanoparticles can be a valuable route to overcome the short half-life in human serum. Here we present the synthesis and characterization of a first example of fibronectin III, 14th domain-derived scaffold, called Pronectin™, with gold nanoparticle of around 30-nm diameter to form a protein corona. The obtained functionalized nanoparticles were characterized by Raman spectroscopy and electron microscopy. Their plasmonic properties, due to the gold core, and the luminescence, attributed to the protein, were measured in two cases (nanoparticles with albumin or Pronectin™), and confirmed that the formation of a protein corona induces some form of denaturation of the proteins themselves.
Graphical abstract
Am I Winning or Losing? Probing the Appraisal of Partial Wins via Response Vigor
Authors: Chen Zhang , Eben Charlotte , Reimer Christina B. , Verbruggen Frederick 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAttempts to obtain rewards are not always successful. Despite investing much time, effort, or money, sometimes individuals may not obtain any reward. Other times they may obtain some reward, but the obtained reward may be smaller than their initial investment, such as partial wins in gambling. It remains unclear how such ambiguous outcomes are appraised. To address this question, we systematically varied the payoffs for different outcomes in a computerized scratch card task across three experiments. To test outcome appraisal, we used response vigor as a novel proxy. In the scratch card task, participants turned three cards one by one. Depending on the turned cards, they either received an amount that was higher than the wager (win), an amount lower than the wager (partial win), or nothing (loss). Overall, participants responded to partial wins more slowly than losses, but more quickly than wins. Partial wins were therefore appraised to be better than losses, but worse than wins. Importantly, further analyses showed that outcome appraisal was not based on the net win or loss amount. Instead, participants primarily used the configuration of turned cards as a cue for the relative rank of an outcome within a specific game. Outcome appraisals thus utilize simple heuristic rules, rely on salient information (such as outcome-related cues in gambling), and are specific to a local context. Together, these factors may contribute to the misperception of partial wins as real wins in gambling. Future work may examine how outcome appraisal may be modulated by the salience of certain information, and investigate the appraisal process in contexts beyond gambling.
Changes in Acute ED Visits by Race/Ethnicity During the Early COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Morales Celina , Bruckner Tim A. , Du Senxi , Young Andrew , Ro Annie 
Published: June 2023

AbstractEmergency department (ED) visits for conditions unrelated to the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic decreased during the early pandemic, raising concerns about critically ill patients forgoing care and increasing their risk of adverse outcomes. It is unclear if Hispanic and Black adults, who have a high prevalence of chronic conditions, sought medical assistance for acute emergencies during this time. This study used 2018–2020 ED visit data from the largest safety net hospital in Los Angeles County to estimate ED visit differences for cardiac emergencies, diabetic complications, and strokes, during the first societal lockdown among Black and Hispanic patients using time series analyses. Emergency department visits were lower than the expected levels during the first societal lockdown. However, after the lockdown ended, Black patients experienced a rebound in ED visits while visits for Hispanics remained depressed. Future research could identify barriers Hispanics experienced that contributed to prolonged ED avoidance.
Exploring quantum correlations of two-qubit Heisenberg chain model influenced by magnetic dipole–dipole, magnetic field, and a symmetric cross interaction
Authors: Youssef M. , Ali S. I. , Abd-Rabbou M. Y. , Obada A. -S. F. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe concepts of concurrence, 3-steerability, and Clauser–Horne–Shimony–Holt (CHSH) inequality are employed to investigate the environmental impacts on the quantum correlations of the two-spin-1/2 Heisenberg XYZ chain model. In particular, the effects of a homogeneous magnetic field, symmetric cross interaction, and dipole–dipole interaction on the entanglement, degree of steerability, and non-locality are discussed. Results show that the entanglement and steering phenomena are bounded by the non-locality for both positive and negative values of dipole–dipole coupling. It has also been observed that higher symmetric cross-interaction strengthens the quantum correlations, whereas the homogeneous magnetic field weakens the quantumness of the system. The findings indicate that a magnetic field normal to the magnetic dipole yields better quantum correlations than when they are parallel.
Analysis of Uranium Sorption in a Laboratory Column Experiment Using a Reactive Transport and Surface Complexation Model
Authors: Baqer Yousef , Thornton Steven , Stewart Douglas I. , Norris Simon , Chen XiaoHui 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The transport and retardation of radioactive elements in hyper-alkaline conditions of radioactive waste repositories is a challenging field that is still poorly understood. In this study, the transport and attenuation of uranium in a column experiment was modelled by considering kinetic reactions, advection–dispersion and chemical/physical retardation processes. The modelling was first performed for three alluvium samples from Yucca Mountain in circumneutral pH to moderately alkaline conditions. Sorption of uranyl ($${\mathrm{UO}}_{2}^{2+} ({U}_{\mathrm{VI}})$$

UO

2

2
+

(

U
VI

)

) was found to strongly depend on the surface complexation model assumed, with no significant removal of $${U}_{\mathrm{VI}}$$

U
VI

by precipitation or ion exchange process. The surface/edge site reaction of Al-hydroxyl group in kaolinite was shown to have a high affinity for uranyl adsorption, while the hydrous ferric oxide edge on hematite adsorbed most of the uranyl ions. The model was then used to interpret uranium transport in a laboratory column filled with Hollington sandstone under hyper-alkaline (pH 13) conditions. The simulation results show that uranium adsorption on the Al-hydroxyl edge of kaolinite exceeds adsorption by the calcium silicate hydrate phase. This result may reflect the lack of surface complexation parameters for calcium silicate hydrate minerals. Hence, further studies are required in the field of surface complexation reactions for calcium silicate hydrate phases.

Graphical Abstract
A systematic evidence map of intervention evaluations to reduce gang-related violence
Authors: Richardson M. , Newman M. , Berry G. , Stansfield C. , Coombe A. , Hodgkinson J. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
To identify and map evaluations of interventions on gang violence using innovative systematic review methods to inform future research needs.

Methods
A previous iteration of this map (Hodgkinson et al., (2009). “Reducing gang-related crime: A systematic review of ‘comprehensive’ interventions.”) was updated in 2021/22 with inclusion of evaluations since the original searches in 2006. Innovative automatic searching and screening was used concurrently with a ‘conventional’ strategy that utilised 58 databases and other online resources. Data were presented in an online interactive evidence gap map.

Results
Two hundred and forty-eight evaluations were described, including 114 controlled studies, characterised as comprehensive interventions, encompassing more than one distinct type of intervention.

Conclusion
This suggests a substantial body of previously unidentified robust evidence on interventions that could be synthesised to inform policy and practice decision-making. Further research is needed to investigate the extent to which using automated methodologies can improve the efficiency and quality of systematic reviews.
The Transient Evolution of Flow Due to the Excitation Pulse in Oscillating Drop Experiments in Microgravity Electromagnetic Levitation
Authors: Bracker Gwendolyn P. , Hyers Robert W. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn oscillating drop experiments, surface oscillations in a molten sample are captured and analyzed to determine the surface tension and viscosity of a melt without the need to contact the liquid sample. In electromagnetic levitation, surface oscillations are initiated using an excitation pulse in the electromagnetic field. The variation in the electromagnetic force field drives rapid acceleration in the melt while also changing the flow pattern. During the quasi-static flow conditions prior to the excitation pulse, the flow displays a “positioner-dominated” flow pattern with 4 recirculation loops in the sample hemisphere. However, the accelerating flow of the excitation pulse transitions into a “heater-dominated flow” pattern in which there are only 2 recirculation loops in the sample hemisphere. Following the excitation pulse, the flow rapidly slows and quickly returns to the conditions present before the excitation pulse. For many combinations of parameters, the transition in the flow pattern results in a very complicated variation in velocity with time; that variation is the topic of this paper.
Evolution of bone densitometry parameters and risk of fracture in coeliac disease: a 10-year perspective
Authors: Tovoli Francesco , Pallotta Dante Pio , Giamperoli Alice , Zavatta Guido , Skoracka Kinga , Raiteri Alberto , Faggiano Chiara , Krela-Kaźmierczak Iwona , Granito Alessandro 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Metabolic bone disease is frequently found in patients with coeliac disease (CD). Despite its high prevalence, international guidelines are partially discordant about its management due to the lack of long-term data.

Methods
We retrospectively evaluated a large dataset of prospectively collected data of CD patients assessing the variation of DXA parameters and estimated fracture risk according to the FRAX® score in a 10-year follow-up. Incident fractures are reported, and the predictive ability of the FRAX® score is verified.

Results
We identified 107 patients with low bone density (BMD) at the diagnosis of CD and a 10-year follow-up. After improving at the first follow-up, T-scores slowly reduced over time but with no clinically relevant differences between the first and last examination (lumbar spine: from − 2.07 to − 2.07, p = 1.000; femoral neck: from − 1.37 to − 1.55, p = 0.006). Patients with osteoporosis at the index measurement had more marked fluctuations than those with osteopenia; the latter group also showed minimal modifications of the FRAX® score over time. Six incident major fragility fractures occurred, with a good predictive ability of the FRAX® (AUC 0.826).

Conclusion
Adult CD patients with osteopenia and no risk factors had substantially stable DXA parameters and fracture risk during a 10-year follow-up. A dilated interval between follow-up DXA for these patients could be considered to reduce diagnosis-related time and costs, maintaining a 2-year interval for patients with osteoporosis or risk factors.
Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease and liver fibrosis scores as COVID-19 outcome predictors: a machine-learning application
Authors: Zoncapè Mirko , Carlin Michele , Bicego Manuele , Simonetti Andrea , Ceruti Vittoria , Mantovani Anna , Inglese Francesco , Zamboni Giulia , Sartorio Andrea , Minuz Pietro , Romano Simone , Crisafulli Ernesto , Sacerdoti David , Fava Cristiano , Dalbeni Andrea 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPatients with COVID-19 and metabolic-dysfunction associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) appear to be at higher risk for severe manifestations, especially in the youngest decades. Our aim was to examine whether patients with MAFLD and/or with increased liver fibrosis scores (FIB-4) are at risk for severe COVID-19 illness, using a machine learning (ML) model. Six hundred and seventy two patients were enrolled for SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia between February 2020 and May 2021. Steatosis was detected by ultrasound or computed tomography (CT). ML model valuated the risks of both in-hospital death and prolonged hospitalizations (> 28 days), considering MAFLD, blood hepatic profile (HP), and FIB-4 score. 49.6% had MAFLD. The accuracy in predicting in-hospital death was 0.709 for the HP alone and 0.721 for HP + FIB-4; in the 55–75 age subgroup, 0.842/0.855; in the MAFLD subgroup, 0.739/ 0.772; in the MAFLD 55–75 years, 0.825/0.833. Similar results were obtained when considering the accuracy in predicting prolonged hospitalization. In our cohort of COVID-19 patients, the presence of a worse HP and a higher FIB-4 correlated with a higher risk of death and prolonged hospitalization, regardless of the presence of MAFLD. These findings could improve the clinical risk stratification of patients diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia.
Complement C3 Enhances LPS-Elicited Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Via the Mac1/NOX2 Pathway
Authors: Zhou Ran , Chen Shih-Heng , Zhao Zhan , Tu Dezhen , Song Sheng , Wang Yubao , Wang Qingshan , Feng Jing , Hong Jau-Shyong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractRecent studies showed increased expression of complements in various neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases. However, the mechanism regulating the expression of complements and their roles in the pathogenesis of neurodegeneration are unclear. We hypothesized that acute neuroinflammation increases the expression and activation of brain complements, which, in turn, participate in chronic neuroinflammation and progressive neurodegeneration. We initially focused on the complement component C3, because C3 can activate microglia by binding to C3 receptors and attaching to damaged neurons destined to be phagocytosed by microglia. We found that complement C3 is upregulated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated neuron/glial cultures. Mechanistic studies revealed that microglia-released proinflammatory factors initiated the enhanced expression of C3 in astroglia during acute neuroinflammation. On the other hand, the sustained C3 expression during chronic neuroinflammation requires releasing damage-associated molecule patterns (DAMPs) from damaged/degenerating brain cells. Our results suggested that DAMPs might act on microglial integrin receptor Mac1 to trigger the activation of NADPH oxidase (NOX2). Activated microglial NOX2 increases the production of extracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), elevating the levels of intracellular ROS of astroglia and sustaining the astroglial C3 expression. This was supported by the findings showing reduced C3 expression and attenuated neurodegeneration in LPS-treated neuron/glial cultures prepared from mice deficient in Mac1 or NOX2. LPS-induced neurodegeneration and oxidative stress are significantly reduced in C3 KO neuron/glial cultures and mouse brains. Together, this study provides the first evidence demonstrating the role of C3 in regulating chronic neuroinflammation and in driving progressive neurodegeneration.
Prevalence and Impact of Revenge Pornography on a Sample of Portuguese Women
Authors: Murça Ana , Cunha Olga , Almeida Telma Catarina 
Published: June 2023

AbstractVictims of revenge pornography (RP) suffer long-term psychological, personal, and social consequences, given that the spread of explicit content may continue to disturb them throughout their lives. However, there is a scarcity of studies on this phenomenon in Portugal. The present study aims to identify the prevalence of RP and analyze its impact on self-esteem, humiliation, depression, and anxiety, and compare victims and non-victims of RP on these same variables. The sample comprises 274 Portuguese women aged between 18 and 82. The data was collected through an online protocol consisting of a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, the Humiliation Inventory, and the Brief Symptoms Inventory. From the total sample, 45 (16.4%) participants reported at least one experience of RP. RP victims reported higher levels of humiliation, anxiety, and depression and lower levels of self-esteem than non-victims. However, only humiliation distinguished RP victims and non-victims. RP is a growing phenomenon enhanced by the intensified use of technology. Along with this phenomenon comes the impact on victims, which has long-term consequences. This study contributes to the scientific community since the scientific study of RP and its impact on victims is still incipient.
Barriers to Bystander Action in Sexual Violence in Guatemala: The Role of Rape Myth Acceptance
Authors: Lyons Minna , Brewer Gayle , Chopen Nikte , Davila Numa , Elías Dina , Gómez Lidia Danilova Rabanales , Velásquez Jennifer , García Glenda García 
Published: June 2023

AbstractUnderstanding bystander barriers in sexual violence is an important step towards increasing knowledge on how to teach people to intervene safely. Although bystander behaviour has been widely studied especially in the US context, there is a dearth of research outside the Global North. In this study, we report results of an investigation in Guatemala, a Central American country with high levels of gender-based violence. In an online study, 1009 University students and staff completed adapted questionnaires on rape myth acceptance and bystander barriers. Correlational and regression analyses demonstrated that the rape myths ‘She asked for it’ and ‘It wasn’t rape’ were important predictors of multiple barriers (i.e., Failure to notice, Failure to identify situation as high risk, Failure to take intervention responsibility, Failure to intervene due to a skills deficit and Failure to intervene due to audience inhibition). We discuss the results in the context of Guatemalan culture and society.
The Intermediary Role of Women Workers for the Inclusion of Women Migrants SOGIESC: Between Recognition and Reflexivity
Authors: Mangone Emiliana , Masullo Giuseppe 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe intermediary role of women workers in NGOs is very important when lesbian, bisexual and queer migrant women apply for international protection in immigration countries. They are more exposed to multiple forms of discrimination when experiencing the intersection of multiple elements of vulnerability (gender, sexual orientation, ethnic origin, social class, etc.). Applying the technique of narrative interviewing to women NGO workers in Italy, on the one hand, we will try to understand the role of intermediaries that these women assume in taking care of migrant women who are distinguished by Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity and Expression, and Sex Characteristics (SOGIESC) and, on the other, to understand whether these women’s activities constitute an opportunity to construct new gendered and sexual imaginaries to the extent that they themselves live a web of experiences that are in some ways similar to those of migrant women. Intermediation enables women workers to acquire a critical capacity with respect to their personal investment in the cause of SOGIESC persons and with respect to the procedure itself for obtaining international protection. Achieving this awareness allows women workers to suggest actions that, inspired by an intersectional perspective, are more appropriate in responding to the multiple vulnerabilities experienced by SOGIESC migrant women in the immigration society.