bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Attachment and Gambling Severity Behaviors Among Regular Gamblers: A Path Modeling Analysis Exploring the Role of Alexithymia, Dissociation, and Impulsivity
Authors: Topino Eleonora , Griffiths Mark D. , Gori Alessio 
Published: June 2023

AbstractGambling disorder is viewed by many as a behavioral addiction involving significant functional impairment and a deterioration in the quality of life. The aim of the present study was to explore the factors that can influence problematic gambling by specifically focusing on the role of attachment, alexithymia, dissociation, and impulsivity. The sample comprised 368 regular gamblers (59% males, 41% females; Mage=33.5 years). They completed an online survey consisting of the South Oaks Gambling Screen, Relationship Questionnaire, Twenty-Items Toronto Alexithymia Scale, Dissociative Experiences Scale‐II, and Barratt Impulsiveness Scale–11. Path modeling was performed to analyze the collected data. Results showed a significant multiple mediation model: CMIN/DF = 4.447, GFI = 0.984, NFI = 0.964, CFI = 0.971, SRMR = 0.046. Fearful and preoccupied attachment patterns showed significant and positive associations	with problematic gambling, and which were mediated by alexithymia, dissociation, and impulsivity. These results provide useful information to orient clinical practice and preventive intervention.
Assessment of reanalysis datasets against radiosonde observation over the Eastern Mediterranean region
Authors: Hassan Rokaya Mohamed , Salah Zeinab , Karacostas Theodore , Abdel-Wahab Mohamed Magdy 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFour meteorological components (geopotential height Z, air temperature T, dew point temperature Td, and relative humidity RH) collected from ERA-5 and ERA-Interim were compared with the observations of nine radiosonde stations with different climatic changes, at different isobaric levels (850, 700, 500, and 200 hPa) during the period 2000–2017, in order to assess the accuracy of the aforementioned reanalysis datasets. The results showed that both reanalysis datasets have a strong correlation with the observed variables, except with dew point temperature and relative humidity in the upper troposphere. The mean values of geopotential height and temperature from both grid dataset are generally consistent with the radiosonde values, whereas considerable bias in the mean Td and RH exists and increases upwards. The study clearly proved that the reanalysis datasets can be used to compensate for the lack of radiosonde observation. Furthermore, air temperature (during 1959–2021) showed an increasing trend from the surface to the lower troposphere, while the temperature decreased in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere. Finally in this study, the impact of the North Atlantic Oscillation Index (NAOI) on the air temperature was also examined, and a negative relationship was found between NAOI and temperature at the levels: surface, 850, 700, and 500 hPa, while a positive relationship was found, only in winter, at 200 hPa. At the level of 100 hPa, the correlation is positive for both seasons.
Inverse planning optimization with lead block effectively suppresses dose to the mandible in high-dose-rate brachytherapy for tongue cancer
Authors: Akino Yuichi , Shiomi Hiroya , Tsujimoto Tomomi , Hamatani Noriaki , Hirata Takero , Oda Michio , Takeshita Ami , Shimamoto Hiroaki , Ogawa Kazuhiko , Murakami Shumei 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose
In this study, we developed in-house software to evaluate the effect of the lead block (LB)-inserted spacer on the mandibular dose in interstitial brachytherapy (ISBT) for tongue cancer. In addition, an inverse planning algorithm for LB attenuation was developed, and its performance in mandibular dose reduction was evaluated.

Methods
Treatment plans of 30 patients with tongue cancer treated with ISBT were evaluated. The prescribed dose was 54 Gy/9 fractions. An in-house software was developed to calculate the dose distribution based on the American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM) Task Group No.43 (TG-43) formalism. The mandibular dose was calculated with consideration of the LB attenuation. The attenuation coefficient of the lead was computed using the PHITS Monte Carlo simulation. The software further optimized the treatment plans using an attraction–repulsion model (ARM) to account for the LB attenuation.

Results
Compared to the calculation in water, the D2 cc of the mandible changed by − 2.4 ± 2.3 Gy (range, − 8.6 to − 0.1 Gy) when the LB attenuation was considered. The ARM optimization with consideration of the LB resulted in a − 2.4 ± 2.4 Gy (range, − 8.2 to 0.0 Gy) change in mandibular D2 cc.

Conclusions
This study enabled the evaluation of the dose distribution with consideration of the LB attenuation. The ARM optimization with lead attenuation further reduced the mandibular dose.
Supporting Post-Stroke Language and Cognition with Pharmacotherapy: Tools for Each Phase of Care
Authors: Stockbridge Melissa D. , Keser Zafer 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose of Review
There is enormous enthusiasm for the possibility of pharmacotherapies to treat language deficits that can arise after stroke. Speech language therapy remains the most frequently utilized and most strongly evidenced treatment, but the numerous barriers to patients receiving the therapy necessary to recover have motivated the creation of a relatively modest, yet highly cited, body of evidence to support the use of pharmacotherapy to treat post-stroke aphasia directly or to augment traditional post-stroke aphasia treatment. In this review, we survey the use of pharmacotherapy to preserve and support language and cognition in the context of stroke across phases of care, discuss key ongoing clinical trials, and identify targets that may become emerging interventions in the future.

Recent Findings
Recent trials have shifted focus from short periods of drug therapy supporting therapy in the chronic phase to longer terms approaching pharmacological maintenance beginning more acutely. Recent innovations in hyperacute stroke care, such as tenecteplase, and acute initiation of neuroprotective agents and serotonin reuptake inhibitors are important areas of ongoing research that complement the ongoing search for effective adjuvants to later therapy.

Summary
Currently there are no drugs approved in the United States for the treatment of aphasia. Nevertheless, pharmacological intervention may provide a benefit to all phases of stroke care.
Cardiovascular Impact of Androgen Deprivation Therapy: from Basic Biology to Clinical Practice
Authors: Kim Janice , Freeman Kendall , Ayala Alyssa , Mullen McKay , Sun Zijie , Rhee June-Wha 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose of the Review
There have been increasing reports of cardiovascular complications of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) leading to worse outcomes among patients with prostate cancer. While this may result from the direct effects of androgen suppression in the cardiovascular systems, there are ADT-type-specific distinct cardiovascular complications suggestive of mechanisms beyond androgen-mediated. Thus, it is critical to understand the biological and clinical impact of ADT on the cardiovascular system.

Recent Findings
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists cause increased cardiovascular events compared to GnRH antagonists. Androgen receptor antagonists are linked to an increased risk of long QT syndrome, torsades de pointes, and sudden cardiac death. Androgen synthesis inhibitors are associated with increased rates of hypertension, atrial tachyarrhythmia, and, in rare incidences, heart failure.

Summary
ADT increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. The risk among ADT drugs differs and must be evaluated to develop a medically optimal plan for prostate cancer patients.
Kin term mimicry hypothesis
Authors: Pawłowski Bogusław , Chmielińska Anna 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAdaptive mimicry in animals is a well-known phenomenon. Here, we propose that a similarly adaptive strategy in humans is using kin terms for people who are not closely genetically related. Irrespective of the initiator attributing a kin term to a non-kin, we call this kin term mimicry (KTM). The emergence of human sociality and language allowed not only easy kin recognition, but also led to strong positive emotions related to such kin names as “mother,” “father,” “brother,” “sister,” “aunt” or “uncle.” Although the phenomenon of using kin terms of genetically unrelated people is well known in the social sciences, here we discuss it in the light of evolution. We notice this is an evolutionary adaptive cooperation strategy, which allows us to predict in which ecological or social circumstances it will be more prevalent. We postulate specific testable factors that affect the prevalence of kin mimicry. We also discuss who is more likely to be an initiator of calling non-kin a fictive kin, and who benefits from such behavior. The KTM hypothesis postulates that an individual or social group initiating or bestowing kin terms usually receives more benefits (economic and/or psychological support) from such mimicry.
Spaces of Decoupling in the Netherlands and Poland: Emerging Local Governance Networks for Hosting Non-EU Migrants in Peripheral and Shrinking Areas
Authors: Meijer Marlies , Popławska Joanna Zuzanna , Szytniewski Bianca 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA significant share of migration studies is dedicated to understanding how large cities in Europe deal with the influx of international migrants, forced and by choice. Rural and peripheral regions, however, are hardly identified as receiving areas for migrant newcomers. Here, economic degradation, population decline and liveability are at the centre of academic debate. Nevertheless, peripheral—and shrinking—areas are increasingly regarded as favourable locations for hosting non-EU migrants, in particular asylum seekers, refugees and recognised refugees. In our study, we combined the two debates by examining how declining small peripheral cities and rural communities in the Netherlands and Poland deal with the arrival and settlement of non-EU migrants. We identified different spaces of decoupling to better understand how local policy discourses on migration governance relate to national ones. From our study, it appears that in these spaces of decoupling, alternative, cross-regional governance networks are formed to host migrant newcomers, and in some cases, migration is framed as a panacea for the decline. Within these networks, the leading efforts of non-governmental organisations and volunteers stand out and are more prominent than in urban contexts.
Tecovirimat for the treatment of severe Mpox in Germany
Authors: Hermanussen Lennart , Brehm Thomas Theo , Wolf Timo , Boesecke Christoph , Schlabe Stefan , Borgans Frauke , Monin Malte B. , Jensen Björn-Erik Ole , Windhaber Stefan , Scholten Stefan , Jordan Sabine , Lütgehetmann Marc , Wiesch Julian Schulze zur , Addo Marylyn M. , Mikolajewska Agata , Niebank Michaela , Schmiedel Stefan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
In May 2022, a multi-national mpox outbreak was reported in several non-endemic countries. The only licensed treatment for mpox in the European Union is the orally available small molecule tecovirimat, which in Orthopox viruses inhibits the function of a major envelope protein required for the production of extracellular virus.

Methods
We identified presumably all patients with mpox that were treated with tecovirimat in Germany between the onset of the outbreak in May 2022 and March 2023 and obtained demographic and clinical characteristics by standardized case report forms.

Results
A total of twelve patients with mpox were treated with tecovirimat in Germany in the study period. All but one patient identified as men who have sex with men (MSM) who were most likely infected with mpox virus (MPXV) through sexual contact. Eight of them were people living with HIV (PLWH), one of whom was newly diagnosed with HIV at the time of mpox, and four had CD4+ counts below 200/µl. Criteria for treatment with tecovirimat included severe immunosuppression, severe generalized and/or protracted symptoms, a high or increasing number of lesions, and the type and location of lesions (e.g., facial or oral soft tissue involvement, imminent epiglottitis, or tonsillar swelling). Patients were treated with tecovirimat for between six and 28 days. Therapy was generally well-tolerated, and all patients showed clinical resolution.

Conclusions
In this cohort of twelve patients with severe mpox, treatment with tecovirimat was well tolerated and all individuals showed clinical improvement.
Dynapenic abdominal obesity and incident multimorbidity: findings from the English longitudinal study on ageing
Authors: Veronese Nicola , Koyanagi Ai , Soysal Pinar , Sapienza Vitalba , Ragusa Francesco Saverio , Bolzetta Francesco , Dominguez Ligia J. , Barbagallo Mario , Smith Lee 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Dynapenic abdominal obesity (DAO) (i.e., impairment in muscle strength and high waist circumference) is gaining interest, as it is associated with several important adverse health outcomes. However, the association between DAO and multimorbidity is largely unclear. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate the association between DAO at baseline and new onset multimorbidity over ten years of follow-up.

Methods
People participating in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing were included. DAO was defined as waist circumference > 102 cm in men and > 88 cm in women, and a concomitant presence of dynapenia (handgrip strength defined as < 27 kg for men and < 16 kg for women). Multimorbidity was defined as having two or more chronic conditions. The association between DAO and incident multimorbidity was assessed using a multivariable logistic regression analysis, reporting the data as odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results
Overall, 3302 participants (mean age: 63.4 years, males: 50.3%) without multimorbidity at baseline were followed-up for ten years. After adjusting for several variables, compared to participants without dynapenia nor abdominal obesity, the presence of abdominal obesity (OR = 1.505; 95%CI: 1.272–1.780; p < 0.0001) and DAO (OR = 1.671; 95%CI: 1.201–2.325; p = 0.002) significantly increased the risk of multimorbidity. Compared to no dynapenia nor abdominal obesity, DAO was associated with significantly higher risk for arthritis and diabetes.

Conclusions
DAO was significantly associated with a higher risk of incident multimorbidity, over 10 years of follow-up. The results of our study suggest that addressing DAO can potentially decrease risk for multimorbidity.
Induction of systemic resistance in Theobroma cacao L. for the management of “witches’ broom” caused by Moniliophthora perniciosa
Authors: Morato Luis Demetrio Delgado , González Andree Steven Álvarez , Cardona María Bianney Bermúdez 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe pathogen Moliniophthora perniciosa can cause losses in the cocoa crop of more than 90% when integrated disease management is not carried out in the crop. In the present study, the effect of sucrose as a resistance inducer in cocoa trees (Theobroma cacao L.), was evaluated for the management of the “witches’ broom” disease caused by Moniliophthora perniciosa. The experiment was developed in the municipality of Chaparral, Tolima, Colombia (854 m.a.s.l.). The treatments corresponded to 0.9 M sucrose: injected (T1), foliar spray (T2) and without sucrose (T3). A completely randomized block design with three treatments was established. The results showed that the incidence and severity of the disease in the trees treated with sucrose were lower. The polyphenol oxidase enzyme presented its highest activity in T3, while peroxidase and superoxide dismutase in T2. It was observed that sucrose as an inducer, can alter metabolic pathways involved in the defense mechanisms of cocoa trees, reducing the incidence and severity, thus establishing an alternative for the management of “witches' broom” disease in producing countries.
Seasonal and spatial variations in the diet of the Egyptian mongoose in its north-eastern Iberian range edge
Authors: Descalzo Esther , Díaz-Ruiz Francisco , Delibes-Mateos Miguel , Jiménez José , Ferreras Pablo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe Egyptian mongoose (Herpestes ichneumon) is considered a generalist and opportunistic predator whose European distribution is restricted to Iberia. However, all the previous studies on the Egyptian mongoose’s diet in the Iberian Peninsula have been performed in Portugal and Doñana National Park (southwestern Spain), covering a small region of the species’ current distribution. To improve the knowledge on the trophic ecology of the species, we estimated the feeding habits of the Egyptian mongoose in central Spain, its north-eastern range edge. Our study was based on the analysis of (1) scats (n = 251) and (2) stomach contents (n = 32); samples were collected between 2018 and 2022. We calculated the relative frequency of occurrence (%RFO) and the percentage consumed biomass (%CB) for 12 food groups across central Spain and we assessed site-seasonal variations in diet composition in three study areas. We also estimated rabbit densities in the three study areas to assess the effect of rabbit abundance on mongoose diets. Overall, our results showed that European rabbits were the group with highest %CB (30.7%) in the diet of the Egyptian mongoose, followed by reptiles (19.9%) and small mammals (19.9%). In the intensively studied areas, the %CB of rabbits was the highest in the area with the highest abundance of this prey, whereas reptiles had the highest %CB in the area with the lowest availability of rabbits. Diet diversity (Shannon index) varied between 1.73 and 2.47 in those areas and was inversely related to the availability of rabbits. Our results confirm the dietary flexibility of this predator that adapts its diet to the relative availability of different prey species in different habitats.
One-sided invertibility of Toeplitz operators on the space of all holomorphic functions on finitely connected domains
Authors: Jasiczak M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe prove that if the symbol of a Toeplitz operator acting on the space of all holomorphic functions on a finitely connected domain is non-degenerate and vanishes then the range of this operator is not complemented. As a result, we obtain that a Toeplitz operator on the space of all holomorphic functions on finitely connected domains is left invertible if and only if it is an injective Fredholm operator. Also, such an operator is right invertible if and only if it is a surjective Fredholm operator.
Dynamical modelling of boom tower crane rigging systems: model selection for construction
Authors: Johns Brandon , Abdi Elahe , Arashpour Mehrdad 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Accurate dynamical models are imperative to the development of accurate monitoring and control systems, which are foundational to safety in construction and infrastructure projects. However, the highly coupled non-linear dynamics of crane systems requires the application of many simplifying assumptions to the dynamical crane model. To achieve accurate control, simplifications should yield minimal error in modelled behaviour for maximal reduction in model complexity. However, limited information is available on the situational suitability of different combinations of simplifications to construction tower crane models. This paper informs designers of the optimal dynamical models to represent boom tower cranes, with respect to the crane characteristics and selection criteria. The optimal models are determined though the comparison of ten 2D and 3D dynamical models in representation of three variations of boom tower crane that are commonly deployed on construction sites. The comparison includes analysis of over 100 simulations and experimentation. The value of the presented optimal model selection framework is in facilitating systems designers to develop accurate crane monitoring and control systems.
Medical students maintain their humanistic and patient-centred vocation throughout Medicine Degree in Spain: a study based on narratives
Authors: de Rivera Atienza Víctor Afán , Gutiérrez-Misis Alicia , Alfonso Augusto César Blanco , Rodrigo José María Vizcaíno Sánchez , Arribas José María , López Natividad Puche , Castell-Alcalá María Victoria , Ramos María Teresa Blanco , Goñi Jacinta Landa , Pérez María Dolores Cano , Gutiérrez María Fátima Prado , Panadés Rosa María García , Gonzalez-Lopez Esteban , Gijón-Conde Teresa 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNarrative medicine has great educational potential in the degree of medicine. This study explores for the first time the use of narrative medicine in relation to longitudinal evolution of medical vocation for the same group of students. In the context of the Degree in Medicine at the Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (Spain), students wrote narratives about what it meant to them to be a doctor at the beginning and end of their studies. The narratives of 338 students of the academic years 2012/13–2017/18 and 2013/14–2018/19 were analysed and compared. Students mostly pursued a degree in medicine on account of humanistic motivations, which are reinforced throughout their degree. In contrast, up to 10% of students reference to have experienced vocational crises and suffered frustration, with up to 25% of the references pertaining to having made significant sacrifices. Students maintain and evolve their humanistic, patient-centred vision throughout their degree studies, despite the difficulties they appear to encounter. We suggest that efforts must be made to include more humanistic perspectives in the medical degree to keep this trend, which may improve both the educational experience created in universities and the health care given to patients.
Quantitative Assessment of Ultraviolet-Induced Erythema and Tanning Responses in the Han Chinese Population
Authors: Ma Yanyun , Tan Yimei , Hu Yue , Pu Weilin , Xu Jinhua , Jin Li , Wang Jiucun 
Published: June 2023

AbstractUltraviolet radiation (UVR) can induce erythema and tanning responses with strong diversity within and between populations, but there were no precise method for evaluating the variation in these responses. In this study, we assessed the time course of ultraviolet (UV)-induced responses based on the erythema index (EI) and melanin index (MI) over 14 consecutive days in a pilot cohort study (N = 31). From safety evaluations, we found that no skin blisters occurred at a UV dosage of 45 mJ/cm2, but there were significant skin reactions. Regardless of UV dosage, the measurements and variances of EI peaked on day 1 after UV irradiation, and those of MI peaked on day 7. Dose–response curves, including erythema dose–response (EDR) and melanin dose–response (MDR), could measure UV-induced phenotypes sensitively but more laboriously. As an alternative, we directly represented the UV-induced erythema and tanning responses using the erythema increment (ΔE) and melanin increment (ΔM). We found that ΔE and ΔM at 45 mJ/cm2 significantly correlated with erythema dose–response (EDR) (R2 > 0.9) and melanin dose–response (MDR) (R2 > 0.9), respectively. Therefore, ΔE and ΔM on day 1 and day 7 after UV irradiation at a dosage of 45 mJ/cm2 might be ideal alternative measures for assessing individual erythema and tanning responses. Then, a second cohort (N = 664) was recruited to validate the UV-induced phenotypes, and, as expected, the results of the two cohorts were in agreement. Therefore, we developed a simplified and precise method to quantify the UV-induced erythema response and tanning ability for the Han Chinese population.