bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of Basement Membrane Genes and Related Molecular
Subtypes in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Wang Zhaoxiang , Qin Huijuan , Yang Qichao , Jia Jue , Yang Ling , Zhong Shao , Yuan Guoyue 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBasement membranes (BMs) are widely distributed and highly specialized
extracellular matrix (ECM). The goal of this study was to explore novel genes
associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) from the perspective of
BMs. Sequencing results of 304 liver biopsy samples about NAFLD were
systematically obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database.
Biological changes during NAFLD progression and hub BM-associated genes were
investigated by differential gene analysis and weighted gene co-expression
network analysis (WGCNA), respectively. The nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)
subgroups were identified based on hub BM-associated genes expression, as well
as the differences in Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) signaling
pathways and immune microenvironment between different subgroups were compared.
Extracellular matrix (ECM) seems to play an important role in the development of
NAFLD. Three representative BM-associated genes (ADAMTS2, COL5A1, and LAMC3)
were finally identified. Subgroup analysis results suggested that there were
significant changes in KEGG signaling pathways related to metabolism,
extracellular matrix, cell proliferation, differentiation, and death. There were
also changes in macrophage polarization, neutrophils, and dendritic cells
abundance, and so on. In conclusion, the present study identified novel
potential BM-associated biomarkers and further explored the heterogeneity of
NASH that might provide new insights into the diagnosis, assessment, management,
and personalized treatment of NAFLD.
A prospective multicenter study to evaluate the impact of cryotherapy on dysphagia and quality of life in patients with inoperable esophageal cancer
Authors: Kachaamy Toufic , Sharma Neil , Shah Tilak , Mohapatra Sonmoon , Pollard Kimberly , Zelt Christina , Jewett Elaine , Garcia Rigoberto , Munsey Rachel , Gupta Saurabh , Rojas-DeLeon Mariajose , Gupta Digant , Kaul Vivek , Pannala Rahul , Vashi Pankaj 
Published: June 2023

Background Dysphagia palliation in inoperable esophageal cancer continues to be a challenge. Self-expandable metal stents have been the mainstay of endoscopic palliation but have a significant risk of adverse events (AEs). Liquid nitrogen spray cryotherapy is an established modality that can be used with systemic therapy. This study reports the outcomes of cryotherapy, including dysphagia and quality of life (QoL), in patients receiving systemic therapy.
Methods This was a prospective multicenter cohort study of adults with inoperable esophageal cancer who underwent cryotherapy. QoL and dysphagia scores before and after cryotherapy were compared.
Results 55 patients received 175 cryotherapy procedures. After a mean of 3.2 cryotherapy sessions, mean QoL improved from 34.9 at baseline to 29.0 at last follow-up (P < 0.001) and mean dysphagia improved from 1.9 to 1.3 (P = 0.004). Patients receiving more intensive cryotherapy (≥ 2 treatments within 3 weeks) showed a significantly greater improvement in dysphagia compared with those not receiving intensive therapy (1.2 vs. 0.2 points; P = 0.003). Overall, 13 patients (23.6 %) received another intervention (1 botulinum toxin injection, 2 stent, 3 radiation, 7 dilation) for dysphagia palliation. Within the 30-day post-procedure period, there were three non-cryotherapy-related grade ≥ 3 AEs (all deaths). The median overall survival was 16.4 months.
Conclusion In patients with inoperable esophageal cancer receiving concurrent systemic therapy, adding liquid nitrogen spray cryotherapy was safe and associated with improvement in dysphagia and QoL without causing reflux. More intensive treatment showed a greater improvement in dysphagia and should be considered as the preferred approach.
Enhancement of wheat yield by atmospheric pressure plasma treatment
Authors: Chalise Roshan , Bhandari Prabin , Sharma Sangat , Basnet Suresh , Subedi Deepak Prasad , Khanal Raju 
Published: June 2023

The use of plasma treatment in agriculture has shown promising results in improving seed germination and crop production. In this work, we have investigated the effects of atmospheric pressure plasma treatment on wheat seed germination and production qualities. Dielectric barrier discharge and plasma-activated water (PAW) made by gliding discharge plasma have been used for the treatment. Our results show that plasma-treated wheat seeds have better germination rates and higher production qualities. Among the various treatment times tested, 3 min of direct plasma treatment yields the highest germination rates, and 15 min of PAW produces the best results. Furthermore, the wettability and contact angle of the seeds decreases significantly with increasing treatment time. Our findings suggest that the atmospheric pressure plasma treatment can enhance the germination rate of wheat seeds and their production, which has potential applications in agriculture.
Mass spectroscopy of oxygen plasmas with energetic ions
Authors: Barni Ruggero , Daghetta Matteo , Piferi Cecilia , Riccardi Claudia 
Published: June 2023

An experimental study of the plasma gas phase in low pressure radiofrequency discharges of oxygen is presented. The plasma phase has been studied by means of mass spectroscopy of the neutral and of the charged species, directly sampling the plasma gas phase. We also measured the ion energy distributions. We have studied the influence of the operating conditions on the plasma gas-phase composition. Ion density and energy have been measured as a function of discharge parameters. In particular, we have identified operating conditions in low pressure discharges allowing the extraction of ions from the plasma state with energies exceeding 50 eV. This makes plasma processing with energetic oxygen ions feasible in our device.
Melatonin improves drought stress tolerance of pepper (Capsicum annuum) plants via upregulating nitrogen metabolism
Authors: Kaya Cengiz , Shabala Sergey 
Published: June 2023

While ameliorating effects of melatonin (MT) on abiotic stress tolerance in plants are widely reported, the mechanism that underlies this process remains elusive. This work investigated mechanisms by which MT improved drought tolerance in pepper (Capsicum annuum) plants. A foliar spray of 0.1 mM MT treatment was applied to plants grown at 80% and 40% of full field capacity for 3 days. Drought stress caused a significant decrease in plant dry weight, relative water content, leaf water potential, PSII efficiency (Fv/Fm ratio), chlorophyll, soluble protein, leaf and root nitrogen content. Drought increased hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde (MDA), nitrate, ammonium, free amino acids, soluble sugars, proline and glycine betaine. Drought also increased peroxidase (POD), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and catalase (CAT) activities, electrolyte leakage (EL) and methylglyoxal (MG). MT pre-treatment reduced oxidative stress and improved nitrogen metabolism by activating various enzymes such as nitrate reductase (NR), nitrite reductase (NiR), glutamine synthetase (GS), glutamate synthetase (GOGAT) and glutamine dehydrogenase (GDH) activities. It also activated enzymes related to the glyoxalase system (Gly I and Gly II) and decreased NO3−, NH4+ and free amino acid content. Our study suggests a cost-effective and sustainable solution to improve crop productivity in water-limited conditions, by enhancing plant growth, photosynthesis and nitrogen content.
Key comparison BIPM.RI(I)-K4 of the absorbed dose to water standards of the BFKH, Hungary and the BIPM in 60Co gamma radiation
Authors: Kessler C , Burns D , Finta V 
Published: June 2023

Main text
A new key comparison of the standards for absorbed dose to water of the Budapest Főváros Kormányhivatala (BFKH), Hungary, and the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM) was carried out in the 60Co radiation beam of the BIPM in October 2021. The comparison result, based on the calibration coefficient for a transfer chamber and evaluated as a ratio of the BFKH and the BIPM standards for absorbed dose to water, is 0.9965 with a combined standard uncertainty of 4.5 parts in 103. The result agrees within the uncertainties with the comparison carried out in 2002. The results are analysed and presented in terms of degrees of equivalence, suitable for entry in the BIPM key comparison database KCDB.
To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database https://www.bipm.org/kcdb/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCRI, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Power efficient ReLU design for neuromorphic computing using spin Hall effect
Authors: Vadde Venkatesh , Muralidharan Bhaskaran , Sharma Abhishek 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
We demonstrate that a magnetic tunnel junction injected with a spin Hall current can exhibit linear rotation of the magnetization of the free-ferromagnet using only the spin current. Using the linear resistance change of the magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ), we devise a circuit for the rectified linear activation (ReLU) function of the artificial neuron. We explore the role of different spin Hall effect (SHE) heavy metal (HM) layers on the power consumption of the ReLU circuit. We benchmark the power consumption of the ReLU circuit with different SHE layers by defining a new parameter called the spin Hall power factor. It combines the spin Hall angle, resistivity, and thickness of the HM layer, which translates to the power consumption of the different SHE layers during spin-orbit switching/rotation of the free FM. We employ a hybrid spintronics-CMOS simulation framework that couples Keldysh non-equilibrium Green’s function formalism with Landau–Lifshitz–Gilbert–Slonzewski equations and the HSPICE circuit simulator to account for the diverse physics of spin-transport and the CMOS elements in our proposed ReLU design. We also demonstrate the robustness of the proposed ReLU circuit against thermal noise and a non-trivial power-error trade-off that enables the use of an unstable free-ferromagnet for energy-efficient design. Using the proposed circuit, we evaluate the performance of the convolutional neural network for MNIST datasets and demonstrate comparable classification accuracies to the ideal ReLU with an energy consumption of 75 pJ per sample.
Net Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction in defect-enriched ferromagnet
Authors: Quan Yifan , Steiner Jakob , Li Boning , Song Yixuan , Kohlbrecher Joachim , Hautle Patrick 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction (DMI), which typically occurs in lattices without space inversion symmetry, can also be induced in a highly symmetric lattice by local symmetry breaking due to any lattice defect. We recently presented an experimental study of polarized small angle neutron scattering (SANS) on the nanocrystalline soft magnet Vitroperm (Fe73Si16B7Nb3Cu1), where the interface between the FeSi nanoparticles and the amorphous magnetic matrix serves as such a defect. The SANS cross sections exhibited the polarization-dependent asymmetric term originating from the DMI. One would naturally expect the defects characterized by a positive and a negative DMI constant D to be randomly distributed and this DMI-induced asymmetry to disappear. Thus, the observation of such an asymmetry indicates that there exists an extra symmetry breaking. In the present work we experimentally explore the possible causes by measuring the DMI-induced asymmetry in the SANS cross sections of the Vitroperm sample tilted in different directions with respect to the external magnetic field. Furthermore, we analyzed the scattered neutron beam using a spin filter based on polarized protons and confirm that the asymmetric DMI signal originates from the difference between the two spin-flip scattering cross-sections.
First-principles design of g-C3N4/HfSSe heterojunctions for optoelectronic applications
Authors: Mao Yuliang , Zhang Zhiwei , Zhou Xing 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Based on first-principles calculations, the structure, electronic and optical properties of g-C3N4/HfSSe heterojunctions have been systematically explored. We prove the stability of two heterojunctions by comparing the binding energies from six different stacking heterojunctions, which name are g-C3N4/SHfSe heterojunction and g-C3N4/SeHfS heterojunction, respectively. It is shown that both heterojunctions behave direct band gaps with type II band alignment. The charge is rearranged at the interface after the heterojunctions are formed, which results in the formation of the built-in electric field. In the ultraviolet, visible and near-infrared regions, excellent light absorption is found in g-C3N4/HfSSe heterojunctions.
Modified Born method for modeling melting temperature using ab initio molecular dynamics
Authors: Woodcox Michael , Young Joshua , Smeu Manuel 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The prediction of a material’s melting point through computational methods is a very difficult problem due to system size requirements, computational efficiency and accuracy within current models. In this work, we have used a newly developed metric to analyze the trends within the elastic tensor elements as a function of temperature to determine the melting point of Au, Na, Ni, SiO2 and Ti within ±20 K. This work uses our previously developed method of calculating the elastic constants at finite temperatures, as well as leveraging those calculations into a modified Born method for predicting melting point. While this method proves to be computationally expensive, the level of accuracy of these predictions is very difficult to reach using other existing computational methods.
PIC/MCC simulation for a ns-pulsed glow discharge in nitrogen at sub-atmospheric pressure and analysis of its quasi-steady state physics
Authors: Kuhfeld J , Lepikhin N D , Luggenhölscher D , Czarnetzki U , Donkó Z 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The present study investigates the physics of a nanosecond-pulsed microplasma operated at a pressure of 200 mbar with the help of a particle-in-cell simulation with Monte Carlo treatment of collision (PIC/MCC) and (semi-)analytical models. The discharge is ignited in a 1 mm gap between two parallel molybdenum electrodes by applying a voltage in the kV-range for several tens to hundreds of nanoseconds. A PIC/MCC simulation code is developed in order to describe the experiment performed under identical conditions. The simulation includes the external electrical circuit to perform ab-initio calculations of the complete experimental setup. Notable features of the PIC/MCC are (i) the adjustment of super-particle weights to reduce the computational load during drastic changes of the plasma density, which reaches values up to a few

10

19

m

−
3

, and (ii) the inclusion of dissociative recombination of the

N
4

+

ions, which is the key loss process for the charge carriers in the plasma bulk regions. The current and voltage waveforms obtained from the simulation are compared to the experimentally measured ones and good agreement is found. After ignition, the discharge establishes a quasi-steady state exhibiting spatial features similar to a conventional DC glow discharge. Using the PIC/MCC results, reasonable approximations are identified, which allow the development of various analytical fluid models for the individual plasma regions. These models are able to reproduce the key features of the discharge in agreement with the PIC/MCC results. The simplified models for the different discharge regions can be combined to describe the global behaviour of the discharge and—in a next step—might be used to develop computationally efficient global chemistry models that account for the different power dissipation mechanisms along the discharge gap.
A multi-image compression and encryption scheme based on fractional chaotic map
Authors: Chu Ran , Zhang Shufang , Mou Jun 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In this paper, a visual security encryption scheme for multi-color images based on BP neural network and fractional chaotic map is proposed, which disguises secret images as a meaningful visual image. Firstly, three color images are compressed based on BP neural network. Then, according to the pseudo-random sequence generated by fractional chaotic map, the merged compressed images are scrambled by spiral transformation and diffused by XOR, in which the direction and degree of spiral transformation can be adjusted. In order to ensure the visual effect of the camouflage image, the lifting wavelet transform (LWT) is used to decompose the carrier image to obtain the coefficient matrix, and the cipher images are adjusted to a narrow range and embedded into the coefficient matrixes based on the pseudo-random sequence. Finally, visually secure image can be generated by inverse lifting wavelet transform. The reverse algorithm can restore the images by extraction, decryption and decompression. Experimental results verify that the proposed scheme has feasibility, robustness, anti-noise and clipping capability, and the PSNR value is no less than 31.4 under various attacks.
Electronic transmission and conductance oscillations in electrostatic multibarrier system based on graphene monolayer
Authors: Alsalmi Omar H , Dakhlaoui Hassen , Belhadj Walid , Ungan Fatih 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The Landauer-Buttiker formalism and the transfer matrix method (TMM) were used to solve the Dirac equation to theoretically explore the transmission coefficient and the conductance of multibarrier graphene systems (MGS). We have addressed the impact of the number of barriers, angle of incidence, and the quantum size of different layers on the electronic properties. The obtained results show that the conductance and the transmission of the carriers can be readily modulated by increasing the number of barriers. It has been observed that an increase in the number of barriers doubles the number of resonant states which leads to the emergence of energetic minibands alternating with minigaps. Furthermore, we found that after doubling the quantum wells the number of resonant states and minigaps increase and their shapes become well defined. Moreover, we considered two cases of incidence (oblique and normal). In the normal incidence case, the structures were completely transparent for different sizes and incident energy values. However, for high angles of incidence, the transmission coefficient presented sharper resonant peaks separated by minigaps. Thereby, according to our theoretical investigations, such structures can be useful for modulating the electronic properties of devices based on electrostatic MGS.
Variational study of the pendulum’s angular motion in a differential equations course
Authors: Fallas-Soto R , Gaete-Peralta C 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The objective of this research is to get students to mean the mathematical objects related to the second order differential equation through the context of a physical phenomenon. With the support of the physical system of the simple pendulum, the behavior of the angular position is studied in a modelling process with the help of simulators. From variational thought and language as a line of research of socio-epistemology in mathematics education, activities that promote a modelling process in a differential equations course for students in initial training for teaching mathematics are designed, implemented, and analyzed. The results of the process experienced by the students are presented, such as: familiarization of the phenomenon, use and interpretation of the simulations, construction of the mathematical model and its predictive role for decision making. It was identified that the students’ experiences, as well as the physical context, were determining elements for success in the resolution of the design.
A mathematical model and simulation scenarios for T and B cells immune response to severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2
Authors: Cuesta-Herrera L , Córdova-Lepe F , Pastenes L , Arencibia A D , Baldera-Moreno Y , Torres-Mantilla H A 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus is a type 2 highly contagious, and transmissible among humans; the natural human immune response to severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 combines cell-mediated immunity (lymphocyte) and antibody production. In the present study, we analyzed the dynamic effects of adaptive immune system cell activation in the human host. The methodology consisted of modeling using a system of ordinary differential equations; for this model, the equilibrium free of viral infection was obtained, and its local stability was determined. Analysis of the model revealed that lymphocyte activation leads to total pathogen elimination by specific recognition of viral antigens; the model dynamics are driven by the interaction between respiratory epithelial cells, viral infection, and activation of helper T, cytotoxic T, and B lymphocytes. Numerical simulations showed that the model solutions match the dynamics involved in the role of lymphocytes in preventing new infections and stopping the viral spread; these results reinforce the understanding of the cellular immune mechanisms and processes of the organism against severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 infection, allowing the understanding of biophysical processes that occur in living systems, dealing with the exchange of information at the cellular level.
Multi-scale observations of mangrove blue carbon ecosystem fluxes: The NASA Carbon Monitoring System BlueFlux field campaign
Authors: Poulter Benjamin , Adams-Metayer Francis M , Amaral Cibele , Barenblitt Abigail , Campbell Anthony , Charles Sean P , Roman-Cuesta Rosa Maria , D’Ascanio Rocco , Delaria Erin R , Doughty Cheryl , Fatoyinbo Temilola , Gewirtzman Jonathan , Hanisco Thomas F , Hull Moshema , Kawa S Randy , Hannun Reem , Lagomasino David , Lait Leslie , Malone Sparkle L , Newman Paul A , Raymond Peter , Rosentreter Judith A , Thomas Nathan , Vaughn Derrick , Wolfe Glenn M , Xiong Lin , Ying Qing , Zhang Zhen 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The BlueFlux field campaign, supported by NASA’s Carbon Monitoring System, will develop prototype blue carbon products to inform coastal carbon management. While blue carbon has been suggested as a nature-based climate solution (NBS) to remove carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere, these ecosystems also release additional greenhouse gases (GHGs) such as methane (CH4) and are sensitive to disturbances including hurricanes and sea-level rise. To understand blue carbon as an NBS, BlueFlux is conducting multi-scale measurements of CO2 and CH4 fluxes across coastal landscapes, combined with long-term carbon burial, in Southern Florida using chambers, flux towers, and aircraft combined with remote-sensing observations for regional upscaling. During the first deployment in April 2022, CO2 uptake and CH4 emissions across the Everglades National Park averaged −4.9 ± 4.7 μmol CO2 m−2 s−1 and 19.8 ± 41.1 nmol CH4 m−2 s−1, respectively. When scaled to the region, mangrove CH4 emissions offset the mangrove CO2 uptake by about 5% (assuming a 100 year CH4 global warming potential of 28), leading to total net uptake of 31.8 Tg CO2-eq y−1. Subsequent field campaigns will measure diurnal and seasonal changes in emissions and integrate measurements of long-term carbon burial to develop comprehensive annual and long-term GHG budgets to inform blue carbon as a climate solution.