bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Asynchronous development of memory integration and differentiation influences temporal memory organization
Authors: Coughlin Christine , Pudhiyidath Athula , Roome Hannah E. , Varga Nicole L. , Nguyen Kim V. , Preston Alison R. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAdults remember items with shared contexts as occurring closer in time to one another than those associated with different contexts, even when their objective temporal distance is fixed. Such temporal memory biases are thought to reflect within‐event integration and between‐event differentiation processes that organize events according to their contextual similarities and differences, respectively. Within‐event integration and between‐event differentiation are hypothesized to differentially rely on binding and control processes, which may develop at different ages. To test this hypothesis, 5‐ to 12‐year‐olds and adults (N = 134) studied quartets of image pairs that contained either the same scene (same‐context) or different scenes (different‐context). Participants remembered same‐context items as occurring closer in time by older childhood (7–9 years), whereas different‐context items were remembered as occurring farther apart by early adolescence (10–12 years). The differential emergence of these temporal memory biases suggests within‐event integration and between‐event differentiation emerge at different ages.Research Highlights
Children are less likely than adults to use contextual information (e.g., location) to organize their continuous experience in memory, as indicated by temporal memory biases.
Biases reflecting within‐event integration (i.e., remembering elements with a shared context as occurring closer together in time) emerged in late childhood.
Biases reflecting between‐event differentiation (i.e., remembering elements from different contexts as occurring farther apart in time) emerged in early adolescence.
The differential emergence of biases reflecting within‐event integration and between‐event differentiation suggests they are distinct, yet complementary, processes that support developmental improvements in event memory organization.
Impact of sarcosine on diabetic retinopathy: Findings based on weighted gene co‐expression network analysis and machine learning techniques
Authors: Che Mingzhu , Xia Zhezheng , Jiang Depeng , Wang Yanan , Wang Hui , Chen Yuxin , Wang Ziyi , Chen Yang , Zhang Xinlv , Zhang Zejie , Guo Chengnan , Zhang Xiaoyu , Zheng Chao , Mao Guangyun 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAimTo quantify the association between serum sarcosine and diabetic retinopathy (DR) using weighted gene co‐expression network analysis (WGCNA).MethodsWe measured serum metabolites in 69 pairs of type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients with and without DR matched by age, gender, body mass index（BMI and HbA1c, using a propensity score matching‐based approach. To identify modules and metabolites linked to DR, pathway analysis was performed using WGCNA, the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and Small‐Molecule Pathway Database. The association of sarcosine with DR was estimated by restricted cubic spline and conditional logistic regression models. Its joint effects with covariates on DR were also extensively examined.ResultsWith per interquartile range elevation of sarcosine, the adjusted odds ratio (AOR) of DR significantly decreased by 67% (AOR: 0.33, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.19‐0.58). Similar results were also found in the tertile analysis. Compared with those in the first tertile of sarcosine, the AOR significantly decreased by 54% (AOR: 0.46, 95% CI: 0.18‐1.17) and 78% (AOR: 0.22, 95% CI: 0.08‐0.59) for subjects in the second and third tertiles, respectively. Compared with subjects with lower sarcosine and lower HDL‐C levels, those with higher sarcosine and lower HDL‐C levels had the lowest odds of DR (OR: 0.13, 95% CI: 0.04, 0.43).ConclusionsSerum sarcosine was inversely related to DR, especially in T2D patients with insufficient HDL‐C. This study provides insights on a possible novel target for DR precision prevention and control, as well as a better understanding of the DR mechanism.
Trajectory of health care resources among adults stopping or reducing treatment frequency of botulinum toxin for chronic migraine treatment in Alberta, Canada
Authors: Richer Lawrence , Luu Huong , Martins Karen J. B. , Vu Khanh , Guigue Alexis , Wong Kai On , Nguyen Phuong Uyen , Rajapakse Thilinie , Williamson Tyler , Klarenbach Scott W. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveUnderstand health resource, medication use, and cost of adults with chronic migraine who received guideline‐recommended onabotulinumtoxinA (botulinum toxin) treatment frequency and then continued or reduced/stopped.BackgroundBotulinum toxin may be a beneficial treatment for chronic migraine; the trajectory of health resources utilization among those with continued or reduced/stopped use is unclear.MethodsA retrospective population‐based cohort study utilizing administrative data from Alberta, Canada (2012–2020), was performed. A cohort of adults who received ≥5 botulinum toxin treatment cycles for chronic migraine over 18 months (6‐month run‐in; 1‐year pre‐index period) were grouped into those who (1) continued use (≥3 treatments/year), or (2) stopped or reduced use (stopped for 6 months then received 0 or 1–2 treatments/year, respectively) over a 1‐year post‐index period. Health resources and medication use were described, and pre–post costs were assessed. A second cohort that received ≥3 treatments/year immediately followed by 1 year of stopped or reduced use was considered in sensitivity analysis.ResultsPre–post health resource, medication use, and costs were similar among those with continued use (n = 3336). Among those who stopped or reduced use (n = 1099; 756 stopped, 343 reduced), health resource, medication use, and costs were lower in the post‐ (total median per‐person cost [IQR]: all‐cause $4851 [$8090]; migraine‐related $835 [$1915]) versus pre‐ (all‐cause $6096 [$7207]; migraine‐related $2995 [$1950]) index period (estimated cost ratios [95% CI]: total all‐cause 0.86 [0.79, 0.95]; total migraine‐related 0.44 [0.40, 0.48]). In the second cohort (n = 3763), return to continued use (≥3 treatments/year) occurred in up to 70.4% in those with reduced use.ConclusionsOf adults treated with botulinum toxin for chronic migraine, 75.2% had continued use, stable health resource and medication use, and costs over a 2 year period. In those that stopped/reduced use, the observed lower health resource and migraine medication use may indicate improved symptom control, but the resumption of guideline‐recommended treatment intervals after reduced use was common.
How to make mental health services more youth‐friendly? A Delphi study involving young adults, parents and professionals
Authors: Wittevrongel Eline , van Winkel Ruud , Jackers Maarten , Colman Laura , Versyck Melina , Camp Eline , Everaert Geert , Vrijens May , Baeyens Dieter , Danckaerts Marina 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroductionAlthough youth‐friendly service characteristics have been previously identified, consensus among a representative group of stakeholders about which of these characteristics are truly relevant to the youth‐friendliness of services is currently lacking. In our study, young adults, parents and professionals were consulted on this topic to reveal existing (dis)agreement. In addition, (dis)agreement on feasibility for implementation in clinical practice was also assessed.MethodsA mixed‐method Delphi approach was used with three online questionnaire rounds and a physical meeting. Young adults (18–26 years) and parents were part of a public panel and professionals were allocated to the professional panel. In the rounds, participants were asked to rate the importance and feasibility of each item. Subsequently, the percentage agreement (% of participants giving a score of 7 or above on a 9‐point Likert scale) within and across panels was calculated. Consensus was assumed to have been reached when at least 70% agreement was achieved. A thematic analysis of the qualitative data, obtained in the rounds and the physical meeting, was performed to identify overarching themes and characteristics of relevance to the youth‐friendliness of services.ResultsFor 65% of the items included in the Delphi questionnaire, consensus on importance was reached within both panels. Participants showed more insecurity about the feasibility of these items, however. Our thematic analysis revealed reasons for disagreement between and within the panels.ConclusionsOur study revealed substantial between‐ and within‐panel agreement on youth‐friendly service characteristics. We recommend that the items for which consensus was reached should be used as a checklist in terms of youth mental health service development, design and delivery. The characteristics for which there was disagreement between and within the panels should inspire an ongoing trialogue between young adults, parents and professionals both on the individual level and the service level.Patient or Public ContributionIn this study, (parents of) young adults with lived experience were included as experts, including one of the coauthors. This coauthor contributed to the manuscript by having a final say about the included quotes.
Tailoring doping locations and types for high‐performance CuFeO2‐based photocatalysts
Authors: Yu Shui‐Miao , Zhao Zong‐Yan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDoping engineering has been recognized as an effective strategy for improving the solar‐to‐hydrogen conversion efficiency of delafossite CuFeO2‐based photocatalysts. However, a comprehensive and systematic study on the doping effect in CuFeO2 is still needed to establish a universal law. To address this, we utilized density functional theory calculations to scrutinize the doping effects of various dopants at different lattice positions. Our findings revealed that Mn replacing Fe and N replacing O are the most readily achievable doping methods under oxygen‐rich and oxygen‐poor conditions, respectively, with a maximum doping concentration of 1020 cm−3 achievable at 900 K. Interestingly, we found that doping with N for O, F for O, and Ni for Cu generates impurity levels capable of capturing photogenerated holes at the top of the valence band, while Zn for Cu and Co for Fe engender impurity levels capable of capturing photogenerated electrons at the bottom of the conduction band, thereby facilitating the separation of photogenerated electron–hole pairs. However, it is worth highlighting that Mn replacing Fe results in impurity levels forming in the middle of the bandgap, acting as a recombination center for photogenerated electron–hole pairs. Furthermore, we discovered that Mg replacing Cu or Fe serves as an example of heterovalent doping capable of promoting the solar‐to‐hydrogen conversion efficiency of CuFeO2. In isovalent doping, dopants with more valence electrons than Cu, dopants with the same valence electron as Fe, and dopants with less valence electron than O can enhance the solar‐to‐hydrogen conversion efficiency of CuFeO2. Overall, this study provides a systematic analysis of the doping effects on CuFeO2‐based photocatalysts and can be applied to doping engineering of ABO2‐type delafossite photocatalytic materials.
Egg mineral levels, hatching results and bone properties in embryos and chicks obtained from broiler breeders at different ages
Authors: Varol Avcılar Özlem , Onbaşılar Esin Ebru , Yalçın Sakine , Akça Hanife , Gündoğar Umut Can 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIt is inevitable to obtain chicks from breeders of different ages in broiler fattening. However, breeder age has an effect on eggs. There is no detailed study on the changes in mineral levels in eggs and bones of these effects. Therefore, the aim of this study examines how mineral levels of shell, albumen, egg yolk, and bone, embryonic development and bone characteristics change according to the breeder age. A total of 370 fresh hatching eggs were obtained from Ross‐308 breeders at 2 different ages (25 to 60‐week‐old). Egg, embryo, yolk sac and chick characteristics were determined. Morphometric parameters of bones of embryos at 19 days of age and chicks at hatch were examined. Mineral levels of albumen, yolk, shell and bones of embryo and chick were determined. Egg weight, embryo weight, embryo length, chick weight and chick length were higher in old breeder than those of younger one. Femur length, width and Seedor index of tibia, weight, width and Seedor index of metatarsus were found to be high in embryos at 19 days of old breeder than young breeder. There were differences in relative femur weight, tibia length and relative metatarsus weight of chicks at hatch. The mineral levels were high in the femur, tibia and metatarsus of embryos and chicks, in parts of the egg of old breeder. K, Ca, Mg, P, Fe and Mn levels in the eggshell were decreased during incubation. Ca and Mg levels were decreased in the yolk during incubation. K, Ca, Mg, P, Fe, Zn and Mn levels were found to be high in chick bones than those of bones of embryos at 19 days of age. The total embryonic death was found to be high in the fertile eggs of younger breeder group. No differences were observed in fertility, hatchability of fertile and set eggs according to the age of breeders. These data may be useful in designing in‐ovo injections, formulating diets of broiler breeders and broilers and in preventing bone diseases in broilers.
Stimulatory effect of dietary alpha‐lipoic acid on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, liver enzymes, immunity and protection of African catfish, Clarias gariepinus (B.), Edwardsiella tarda infection
Authors: Adeshina Ibrahim , Paray Bilal Ahamad , Bhat Eijaz Ahmed , Ibrahim Aishat D. , Tiamiyu Lateef O. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractEdwardsiella tarda is one of the most common causes of fish diseases that hinder aquaculture. Oxidative stress in farm animals can induce a number of pathological disorders, production and general animal welfare. The use of exogenous dietary nonenzymatic antioxidants such as alpha‐lipoic acid (ALA) can stop a pro‐oxidant state and thus appears to have the potential to modulate the immune system and protect fish from bacterial infection. Thus, this study investigates the stimulatory effect of dietary ALA on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, liver enzymes, immunity and protection of African catfish, Clarias gariepinus (B.), against an infection with E. tarda. Five isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets (400 g/kg of crude protein) containing ALA at doses of 0.0 (control), 500, 1000, 1500 or 2000 mg/kg diet were served to 300 juveniles of African catfish (mean weight = 8.2 ± 0.2 g) adequately thrice per day for 12 weeks. Thereafter, 0.1 mL of E. tarda (ATCC 15947; 1.0 × 108 CFU/mL) was intraperitoneally injected into 10 fish from each tank and was monitored for 14 days. The results showed that ALA‐fortified diets significantly boosted the fish growth, feed consumption and utilization and feed conversion ratio but no did not affect fish survival rate. The highest final fish weight (g), weight growth (g) and weight gain (%) were all considerably higher in fish fed with ALA‐fortified diets (p < 0.05), especially from 1000 to 200 mg/kg ALA than the control group. Also, an enhanced hemato‐biochemical, antioxidant and immune indices were noticed in African catfish‐fed ALA‐enriched diets. In a dose‐dependent order, the levels of haematological indices such Ht, Hb, RBCs, WBCs and platelets were markedly increased (p < 0.05). Additionally, fish fed with ALA‐based diets showed substantial (p < 0.05) declines in aspartate and alanine aminotransferase values, with the lowest values being found in the 2000 mg/kg diet while control group had highest values. Further, African catfish fed the feed fortified with 2000 mg ALA/kg diet showed the highest levels of lysozyme, respiratory burst, proteases and esterase activities (p < 0.05). Following exposure of fish to E. tarda infection, a significant reduction in the mortality was obtained in African catfish fed with ALA‐based diets, especially from 1500 to 2000 mg ALA/kg diet (3.3%); while fish fed with the control diet had highest mortality (86.7%). Therefore, diets supplemented with ALA evoked fish growth performance, antioxidants and nonspecific immunity of African catfish. Also, resistance of African catfish to E. Tarda infection were raised when fed ALA‐fortified diets at optimum inclusion rate of 1300 mg ALA/kg diet.
Metal in mesosiderites: Evidence for redox and fractional crystallization
Authors: Mayne R. G. , Caves L. , McCoy T. J. , Ash R. D. , McDonough W. F. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMesosiderites are an amalgamation of crustal silicates and molten metal, and their formational history is not well understood. It is widely believed that redox reactions occurred in the mesosiderites during metal–silicate mixing. Previous studies evaluated redox reactions by studying the silicates within mesosiderites, but little attention has been given to the metal for complementary evidence of such processes. Here, the evidence for redox within the metal portion of five mesosiderites is documented, most notably lower P content in the matrix metal relative to clast metal (nodule). These observations, together with the noted FeO reduction in silicates, provide further support for redox reactions occurring during metal–silicate mixing. Samples with differing Ir concentrations, such as Chaunskij and RKP A70015, have been previously classified as anomalous. However, the marked variation in highly siderophile element concentrations in all of these mesosiderites is consistent with fractional crystallization. These compositional trends could be explained by isolated metallic masses that underwent fractional crystallization before mixing or by hit‐and‐run collisions that produced metallic masses that ranged in size.
Beauvoir and Sartre's “disagreement” about freedom
Authors: Kirkpatrick Kate 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe French existentialists Simone de Beauvoir and Jean‐Paul Sartre are renowned philosophers of freedom. But what “existentialist freedom” is is a matter of disagreement amongst their interpreters and, some argue, between Beauvoir and Sartre themselves. Since the late 1980s several scholars have argued that a Sartrean conception of freedom cannot justify the ethics of existentialism, adequately account for situations of oppression, or serve feminist ends. On these readings, Beauvoir disagreed with Sartre about freedom—making existentialist ethics, resistance to oppression, and feminism coherently defensible. This article identifies four conceptions of freedom in order to clarify the questions of whether and how they disagreed, arguing that some incompatibilist readings of Sartre and Beauvoir conflate or confuse these conceptions in ways that render their conclusions unconvincing. However, there are stronger grounds on which to claim that Beauvoir disagreed with Sartre about morality—and the conditions of its possibility.
Unexpected capacity‐building experiences of multicultural, multilingual participants in a public health initiative
Authors: Boutain Doris M. , Kim Eunjung , Wang Di , Lim Sungwon , Maldonado Nofziger Rebekah , Weiner Bryan J. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAimsThis study of a levy‐voter funded public health initiative program (1) identifies capacity‐building concerns, (2) summarizes those concerns at the community‐based organization (CBO) level, and (3) documents the desired CBO capacity‐building outcome.ParticipantsNineteen participants from nine CBOs were included, representing 95% of participants (19/20) and 90% of CBOs (9/10) from the initiative's program population.MethodsInterviews were conducted. A focus group validated data. Demographic surveys were completed.Methodology and AnalysisData were analyzed using demographic and inductive content analyses. Fifteen capacity‐building unexpected concerns were identified. Participants from eight out of nine (88.8%) CBOs shared at least ten concerns. Seven CBO capacity‐building outcomes were identified.ResultsCapacity‐building providers helped participants mitigate the Initiative's capacity‐building testing of the National Implementation Research Network (NIRN) model. Participants' NIRN processes were Western and mainstream. Participants wanted community‐designed processes and the funder to understand CBO clients’ backgrounds, cultures, and languages. The contract money did not match the needed capacity‐building processes, time, and workload.DiscussionThe funder's pre‐selected the NIRN Western majority approach did not fit. Participants wanted to lead. Capacity‐building only for home‐based program development was less desired. Social justice leadership could have made a difference.
PTEN loss in intraductal carcinoma of the prostate has low incidence in Japanese patients
Authors: Ito Takanori , Takahara Taishi , Taniguchi Natsuki , Yamamoto Yuki , Satou Akira , Ohashi Akiko , Takahashi Emiko , Sassa Naoto , Tsuzuki Toyonori 
Published: August 2023

AbstractClinical and genomic features of prostate cancer (PCa) vary considerably between Asian and Western populations. PTEN loss is the most frequent abnormality in intraductal carcinoma of the prostate (IDC‐P) in Western populations. However, its prevalence and significance in Asian populations have not yet been well studied. In the present study, we evaluated PTEN expression in IDC‐P in a Japanese population and its association with ERG expression. This study included 45 and 59 patients with PCa with and without IDC‐P, respectively, who underwent radical prostatectomy. PTEN loss was observed in 10 patients with PCa with IDC‐P (22%) and nine patients with PCa without IDC‐P (17%). ERG expression was relatively frequent in patients with PCa with PTEN loss, although a significant difference was not observed. The co‐occurrence of PTEN loss and ERG expression was observed in four patients with PCa with IDC‐P and one without IDC‐P. PTEN loss and ERG expression did not affect progression‐free survival, regardless of the presence of IDC‐P. The frequency of PTEN loss in IDC‐P is lower in Asian patients than in Western patients. Our results indicate that mechanisms underlying IDC‐P in Asian populations are different from those of Western populations.