bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Developing community pharmacists’ role in the management of type 2 diabetes and related microvascular complications: a nationwide survey in Australia
Authors: Woodhams Louise , Chalmers Leanne , Hillis Graham S. , Sim Tin Fei 
Published: February 2023

Background
Community pharmacists have regular interactions with people living with type 2 diabetes to supply medications, and have a potential role in supporting other primary care professionals in the screening, management, monitoring and facilitation of timely referral of microvascular complications. This study aimed to investigate the contemporary and future roles of community pharmacists in diabetes-related microvascular complication management.

Methods
This study involved an online Australian nation-wide survey of pharmacists administered via Qualtrics® and distributed through social media platforms, state and national pharmacy organisations, and via major banner groups. Descriptive analyses were undertaken using SPSS.

Results
Among 77 valid responses, 72% of pharmacists already provided blood pressure and blood glucose monitoring services for the management of type 2 diabetes. Only 14% reported providing specific microvascular complication services. Over 80% identified a need for a comprehensive microvascular complication monitoring and referral service, and agreed it is feasible and within the scope of practice of a pharmacist. Almost all respondents agreed that they would implement and provide a monitoring and referral service if provided with appropriate training and resources. Potential barriers to service implementation were competing demands and lack of remuneration and awareness among consumers and health professionals.

Conclusions
Type 2 diabetes services in Australian community pharmacies do not currently focus on microvascular complication management. There appears to be strong support for implementing a novel screening, monitoring and referral service via community pharmacy to facilitate timely access to care. Successful implementation would require additional pharmacist training, and identification of efficient pathways for service integration and remuneration.
Effect of Wood Ash in the Preparation of “Soumbala” from Parkia biglobosa Seeds
Authors: Nadège Koné Ténincoura , Bi Irié Abel Boli Zamblé , Didier Kedjebo Kra Brou , Simplice Guehi Tagro 
Published: February 2023

Aims: Evaluation of the biochemical and microbiological characterization of Parkia biglobosa seeds added with wood ash during the fermentation for the preparation of "soumbala" (traditional condiment used across West Africa).
Study Design: Food safety
Methodology: 32 soumbala samples due to eight samples per commune were collected in the markets of Dimbokro (city in the center of Côte d'Ivoire) and three communes from Abidjan district, namely Adjamé, Abobo and Cocody. Also, 5 kg of Parkia biglobosa seeds divided into 14 samples were collected on Adjamé’s market. The loads of microorganisms (mesophilic aerobic germs, lactic acid bacteria, Bacillus, yeasts and moulds) were determined by counting after culture in agar medium. The physico-chemical composition (pH, titratable acidity and soluble sugars) of Soumbala and Parkia bigloboda seeds has been determined according to standard methods.
Results: The results of physico-chemical analyses showed that the pH varied from 5.53 to 7.95 for the control and from 8.2 to 8.6 for the "soumbala" produced in the presence of ash during 72 hours of fermentation, while that of the commercial "soumbala" was between 6.4 and 7.7. The protein, reducing sugar and fat contents increase while the dry matter and total carbohydrate contents of the seeds decrease during the fermentation process. Microbiological analyzes showed that the Bacillus loads varied from 5.2 to 9.9 log (CFU/g) for the control and 4.2 to 10.9 log (CFU/g) with the addition of wood ash with a respective optimum of 60 hours, those of lactic acid bacteria varied respectively by 2.3 log (UFC/g) and 3.1 log (UFC/g) in the control and supplemented with wood ash to reach an optimal load similar of 5.5 log (CFU/g). Yeast and mold loads varied from 2 to 5.2 log (CFU/g) for the control and from 3 to 4.5 and 5.6 log (CFU/g) respectively with the addition of wood ash. Bacillus was the only microorganism with the highest load both in commercial soumbala [10.2 log (CFU/g)] and in laboratory-produced soumbala [9.7 log (CFU/g)].
Conclusion: Wood ash had a enhancing effect on the fermentation of Parkia biglobosa seeds where Bacillus are in the majority. "Soumbala" produced in the laboratory were free of lactic acid bacteria and fungi at the end of fermentation.
Association of Social Determinants and Tumor Biology With Racial Disparity in Survival From Early-Stage, Hormone-Dependent Breast Cancer
Authors: Hoskins Kent F. , Calip Gregory S. , Huang Hsiao-Ching , Ibraheem Abiola , Danciu Oana C. , Rauscher Garth H. 
Published: February 2023

ImportanceBlack women with hormone receptor–positive breast cancer experience the greatest racial disparity in survival of all breast cancer subtypes. The relative contributions of social determinants of health and tumor biology to this disparity are uncertain.ObjectiveTo determine the proportion of the Black-White disparity in breast cancer survival from estrogen receptor (ER)-positive, axillary node-negative breast cancer that is associated with adverse social determinants and high-risk tumor biology.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsA retrospective mediation analysis of factors associated with the racial disparity in breast cancer death for cases diagnosed between 2004 and 2015 with follow-up through 2016 was carried out using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Oncotype registry. The study included women in the SEER-18 registry who were aged 18 years or older at diagnosis of a first primary invasive breast cancer tumor that was axillary node-negative and ER-positive, who were Black (Black), non-Hispanic White (White), and for whom the 21-gene breast recurrence score was available. Data analysis took place between March 4, 2021, and November 15, 2022.ExposuresCensus tract socioeconomic disadvantage, insurance status, tumor characteristics including the recurrence score, and treatment variables.Main Outcomes and MeasuresDeath due to breast cancer.ResultsThe analysis with 60 137 women (mean [IQR] age 58.1 [50-66] years) included 5648 (9.4%) Black women and 54 489 (90.6%) White women. With a median (IQR) follow-up time of 56 (32-86) months, the age-adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for breast cancer death among Black compared with White women was 1.82 (95% CI, 1.51-2.20). Neighborhood disadvantage and insurance status together mediated 19% of the disparity (mediated HR, 1.62; 95% CI, 1.31-2.00; P &amp;lt; .001) and tumor biological characteristics mediated 20% (mediated HR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.28-1.90; P &amp;lt; .001). A fully adjusted model that included all covariates accounted for 44% of the racial disparity (mediated HR, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.11-1.71; P &amp;lt; .001). Neighborhood disadvantage mediated 8% of the racial difference in the probability of a high-risk recurrence score (P = .02).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this study, racial differences in social determinants of health and indicators of aggressive tumor biology including a genomic biomarker were equally associated with the survival disparity in early-stage, ER-positive breast cancer among US women. Future research should examine more comprehensive measures of socioecological disadvantage, molecular mechanisms underlying aggressive tumor biology among Black women, and the role of ancestry-related genetic variants.
Expanding Embedded 3D Bioprinting Capability for Engineering Complex Organs with Freeform Vascular Networks
Authors: Fang Yongcong , Guo Yihan , Wu Bingyan , Liu Zibo , Ye Min , Xu Yuanyuan , Ji Mengke , Chen Li , Lu Bingchuan , Nie Kaiji , Wang Zixuan , Luo Jianbin , Zhang Ting , Sun Wei , Xiong Zhuo 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCreating functional tissues and organs in vitro on demand is a major goal in biofabrication, but the ability to replicate the external geometry of specific organs and their internal structures such as blood vessels simultaneously remains one of the greatest impediments. Here, this limitation is addressed by developing a generalizable bioprinting strategy of sequential printing in a reversible ink template (SPIRIT). It is demonstrated that this microgel‐based biphasic (MB) bioink can be used as both an excellent bioink and a suspension medium that supports embedded 3D printing due to its shear‐thinning and self‐healing behavior. When encapsulating human‐induced pluripotent stem cells, the MB bioink is 3D printed to generate cardiac tissues and organoids by extensive stem cell proliferation and cardiac differentiation. By incorporating MB bioink, the SPIRIT strategy enables the effective printing of a ventricle model with a perfusable vascular network, which is not possible to fabricate using extant 3D printing strategies. This SPIRIT technique offers an unparalleled bioprinting capability to replicate the complex organ geometry and internal structure in a faster manner, which will accelerate the biofabrication and therapeutic applications of tissue and organ constructs.
Photo‐Responsive Bilayer Soft Actuators Synergic Fluorescence and Shape Change Towards Biomimetic Untethered Camouflage Robots
Authors: Yan Yuxin , Wu Yuhan , Wang Qian , Wang Yang , Zhan Yuan , Sun Zhengguang , Yu Li , Wang Xianbao 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSoft actuators synergic color and shape change behaviors are highly interesting and have a great potential to enable biomimetic robotic devices. However, it remains a grand challenge to achieve color and shape change behaviors on demand for emulating complicated activities of living creatures adjusting to surrounding environments. Herein, photo‐responsive bilayer actuators synergic fluorescence and shape change behaviors are fabricated based on silica carbon dots (Si‐CDs) and liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs). In the design, Si‐CDs/polydimethylsiloxane composite film acting as a photochromic layer provides tunable fluorescence performance under ultraviolet while graphene/LCE composite film functioning as a photo‐actuation layer affords reversible deformation under near‐infrared. Thanks to stable fluorescence and photo‐actuation behaviors of bilayer soft actuators, desired camouflage, and locomotion features are realized in untethered bio‐inspired soft robots such as artificial flytrap and inchworm‐inspired walkers by morphology engineering and driven manner manipulation. This work offers a toolbox for designing multifunctional photo‐responsive soft actuators and promotes them towards untethered bio‐inspired intelligent robotic devices.
Improving the TADF in Corannulene‐Based Emitters via Tuning the Strength of Donor and Acceptor Groups
Authors: Jacob Jesni M. , Jennifer G Abigail , Varathan Elumalai , Ravva Mahesh Kumar 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this investigation, a systematic study on the design and development of corannulene‐based thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters using density functional theory methods is carried out. Benzene, benzopyrazine, difluoro‐benzopyrazine, benzene‐1,2‐dithiol, and tetrasulfone are introduced on corannulene bowl as electron‐withdrawing groups to alter the electron‐accepting property of corannulene. Three different donors, viz., carbazole, phenoxazine, and 5,10‐dihydrophenazine are substituted on the rim position of corannulene to alter the absorption properties. The relationship between chemical structure and TADF property is established by evaluating the dihedral angle between donor and acceptor units, spin–orbit coupling (SOC) values, the energy difference between singlet‐triplet excited states (ΔEST), and rates of reverse intersystem crossing (kRISC). The newly designed TADF emitters show absorption in the blue to near‐IR regions depending on the strength of the donor and acceptor moieties. Careful analysis of these properties delineates the relationship between SOC values and the nature of the excited states, which is crucial for achieving high kRISC.
A Zero‐Energy, Zero‐Emission Air Conditioning Fabric
Authors: Zhang Kai , Lei Xiaojuan , Mo Caiqing , Huang Jin , Wang Ming , Kang En‐Tang , Xu Liqun 
Published: February 2023

AbstractHigh indoor humidity/temperature pose serious public health threat and hinder industrial productivity, thus adversely impairing the wellness and economy of the entire society. Traditional air conditioning systems for dehumidification and cooling involve significant energy consumption and have accelerated the greenhouse effect. Here, this work demonstrates an asymmetric bilayer cellulose‐based fabric that enables solar‐driven continuous indoor dehumidification, transpiration‐driven power generation, and passive radiative cooling using the same textile without any energy input. The multimode fabric (ABMTF) consists of a cellulose moisture absorption–evaporation layer (ADF) and a cellulose acetate (CA) radiation layer. The ABMTF exhibits a high moisture absorption capacity and water evaporation rate, which quickly reduces the indoor relative humidity (RH) to a comfortable level (40–60% RH) under 1 sun illumination. The evaporation‐driven continuous capillary flow generates a maximum open‐circuit voltage (Voc) of 0.82 V, and a power density (P) up to 1.13 µW cm−3. When a CA layer with high solar reflection and mid‐infrared (mid‐IR) emissivity faces outward, it realizes subambient cooling of ≈12 °C with average cooling power of ≈106 W m−2 at midday under radiation of 900 W m−2. This work brings a new perspective to develop the next‐generation, high performance environmentally friendly materials for sustainable moisture/thermal management and self‐powered applications.
Enhanced Bacterial‐Infected Wound Healing by Nitric Oxide‐Releasing Topological Supramolecular Nanocarriers with Self‐Optimized Cooperative Multi‐Point Anchoring
Authors: Li Guowei , Lv Kai , Cheng Qikun , Xing Hui , Xue Wei , Zhang Wu , Lin Qianming , Ma Dong 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPolymeric systems that provide cationic charges or biocide‐release therapeutics are used to treat the bacteria‐infected wound. However, most antibacterial polymers based on topologies with restricted molecular dynamics still do not satisfy the clinical requirements due to their limited antibacterial efficacy at safe concentrations in vivo. Here a NO‐releasing topological supramolecular nanocarrier with rotatable and slidable molecular entities is reported to provide conformational freedom to promote the interactions between the carrier and the pathogenic microbes, hence greatly improving the antibacterial performance. With improved contacting‐killing and efficient delivery of NO biocide from the molecularly dynamic cationic ligand design, the NO‐loaded topological nanocarrier achieves excellent antibacterial and anti‐biofilm effects via destroying the bacterial membrane and DNA. MRSA‐infected rat model is also brought out to demonstrate its wound‐healing effect with neglectable toxicity in vivo. Introducing flexible molecular motions into therapeutic polymeric systems is a general design to enhance the healing of a range of diseases.
Elastomeric polymers for conductive layers of flexible sensors: Materials, fabrication, performance, and applications
Authors: Huang Yingxiang , Peng Cong , Li Yu , Yang Yanzhao , Feng Wei 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn the wave of the Internet era created by computer and communication technology, flexible sensors play an important role in accurately collecting information owing to their excellent flexibility, ductility, freeform bending or folding, and versatile structural shapes. By endowing elastomeric polymers with conductivity, researchers have recently devoted extensive efforts toward developing high‐performance flexible sensors based on elastomeric conductive layers and exploring their potential applications in diverse fields ranging from project manufacturing to daily life. This review reports the recent advancements in elastomeric polymers used to make conductive layers, as well as the relationships between elastomeric polymers and the performance and application of flexible sensors are comprehensively summarized. First, the principles and methods for using elastomeric polymers to construct conductive layers are provided. Then, the fundamental design, unique properties, and underlying mechanisms in different flexible sensors (pressure/strain, temperature, humidity) and their related applications are revealed. Finally, this review concludes with a perspective on the challenges and future directions of high‐performance flexible sensors.
Copper‐Catalyzed Synthesis of β‐Alkynyl Ketones from Propargylic Alcohols and Enamides
Authors: Wang Yucheng , Wang Bo , Ren Zhihui , Guan Zheng‐Hui 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAn efficient method to access β‐alkynyl ketones from propargylic alcohols and enamides under copper catalysis was developed. This methodology allows access to a series of highly functionalized β‐alkynyl ketones in moderate to excellent yields under mild conditions. Moreover, the resultant products could further be transformed to various valuable scaffolds with potential biological activities.
Genomic structural variation: A complex but important driver of human evolution
Authors: Soto Daniela C. , Uribe‐Salazar José M. , Shew Colin J. , Sekar Aarthi , McGinty Sean P. , Dennis Megan Y. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractStructural variants (SVs)—including duplications, deletions, and inversions of DNA—can have significant genomic and functional impacts but are technically difficult to identify and assay compared with single‐nucleotide variants. With the aid of new genomic technologies, it has become clear that SVs account for significant differences across and within species. This phenomenon is particularly well‐documented for humans and other primates due to the wealth of sequence data available. In great apes, SVs affect a larger number of nucleotides than single‐nucleotide variants, with many identified SVs exhibiting population and species specificity. In this review, we highlight the importance of SVs in human evolution by (1) how they have shaped great ape genomes resulting in sensitized regions associated with traits and diseases, (2) their impact on gene functions and regulation, which subsequently has played a role in natural selection, and (3) the role of gene duplications in human brain evolution. We further discuss how to incorporate SVs in research, including the strengths and limitations of various genomic approaches. Finally, we propose future considerations in integrating existing data and biospecimens with the ever‐expanding SV compendium propelled by biotechnology advancements.
High‐Energy‐Density Graphene Hybrid Flexible Fiber Supercapacitors
Authors: Zhou Yifan , Guan Fanglan , Zhao Fangfei , Shen Yangmiao , Bao Lihong 
Published: February 2023

AbstractGraphene fiber‐based supercapacitors (GFSCs) as flexible energy‐storage devices have achieved much in the wearable electronics. However, the GFSCs still suffer insufficient energy density, and of which desirable balance between mechanical and electrochemical properties has not been realized. Herein, we developed AgI and conductive polymer assisted co‐enhancement strategy to prepare the high‐performance GFSCs with super‐high energy density, favorable mechanical properties, and superior electrochemical properties. The conductive binder polymer, poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) was introduced into the GO spinning solution to enhance RGO fiber strength, conductivity, and electrochemical performance by forming a strong interface with GO in the spinning solution. On the other hand, the synergistic effect of micro‐ and nano‐scale AgI grown on the fiber surface and aqueous gel electrolyte widen the potential window of the GFSC to 1.6 V, which is much higher than that of reported GFSCs, and resulting in a significantly increased energy density. At 0.1 A cm−3, the volumetric capacitance and energy density of the fabricated GFSCs are as high as 166.6 F cm−3 and 29.65 mWh cm−3, respectively. The high strength and flexibility of the hybrid fibers endowed the GFSCs with ∼100 % capacitance retention when bent to 180°. This work opens a new way to design and fabricate high‐performance GFSCs.
The roles of ubiquitin–proteasome system and regulator of G protein signaling 4 in behavioral sensitization induced by a single morphine exposure
Authors: Wang Yanting , Hou Xingzi , Wei Shoupeng , Yan Jiaqing , Chen Zhe , Zhang Mingyu , Zhang Qingying , Lu Yingyuan , Zhang Qingjie , Zheng Tiange , Jia Jingyi , Dong Bin , Li Ying , Zhang Yuanyuan , Liang Jianhui , Li Guohui 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimsOpioid addiction is a major public health issue, yet its underlying mechanism is still unknown. The aim of this study was to explore the roles of ubiquitin–proteasome system (UPS) and regulator of G protein signaling 4 (RGS4) in morphine‐induced behavioral sensitization, a well‐recognized animal model of opioid addiction.MethodsWe explored the characteristics of RGS4 protein expression and polyubiquitination in the development of behavioral sensitization induced by a single morphine exposure in rats, and the effect of a selective proteasome inhibitor, lactacystin (LAC), on behavioral sensitization.ResultsPolyubiquitination expression was increased in time‐dependent and dose‐related fashions during the development of behavioral sensitization, while RGS4 protein expression was not significantly changed during this phase. Stereotaxic administration of LAC into nucleus accumbens (NAc) core inhibited the establishment of behavioral sensitization.ConclusionUPS in NAc core is positively involved in behavioral sensitization induced by a single morphine exposure in rats. Polyubiquitination was observed during the development phase of behavioral sensitization, while RGS4 protein expression was not significantly changed, indicating that other members of RGS family might be substrate proteins in UPS‐mediated behavioral sensitization.
Comparison of the cystocholedochal angle in patients with choledocholithiasis and only cholelithiasis
Authors: Karaca Bozdağ Zekiye , Bozdağ Emre , Sonmez Suleyman , Pamukcu Beyhan Ayça , Atasever Alper 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis study aims to evaluate the relation between the cystocholedochal angle (SCA) and choledocholithiasis. The data of 3.350 patients were reviewed retrospectively and a total of 628 patients who met the criteria were included in the study. The patients included in the study were divided into three groups as patients with choledocholithiasis (Group I), patients with only cholelithiasis (Group II), and patients without gallstones as control group (Group III). Measurements of SCA, cystic, bile, and common hepatic ducts (CHDs) were made on magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) images. Laboratory findings and demographic characteristics of the patients were also recorded. Of the patients included in the study 64.2% were female, 35.8% were male, and their age ranged from 18 to 93 (mean 53.37 ± 18.87 years). While the mean SCA values of all patient groups were 35.44° ± 10.44°, the mean length of cystic, bile and CHDs were 28.91 ± 9.30, 40.28 ± 12.91, 27.09 ± 9.68 mm respectively. All measurements were higher in Group I in comparison to other groups, whereas all measurements of Group II were higher than those of Group III (p < 0.001). Statistical analysis suggests that a SCA of 33.5° and above is an important criterion for diagnosis of choledocholithiasis. Increase of SCA raises the likelihood of choledocholithiasis, as it facilitates the passage of stones from gallbladder into the bile ducts. This is the first study to compare SCA in patients with choledocholithiasis and those with only cholelithiasis. Therefore, we think that this study is important and will be a guide for clinical evaluation.