bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of socioemotional wealth on corporate reporting readability in a multinational family-controlled firm
Authors: Moreno Alonso , Quinn Martin 
Published: July 2023

Extant research suggests that the most significant elements of a family firm’s socioemotional wealth (SEW) can drive financial reporting decisions. This paper explores this empirically by analyzing corporate disclosures of a case organization – Guinness, a multinational family brewing firm – over an extended period. We identify the presence of the SEW dimensions in the firm’s corporate disclosures and explore the relationship between the most salient SEW dimension (family identity) and readability, measured by the Bog index. The analysis finds a positive association between family identity and readability in the period when the firm under study can be defined as a family firm. Other SEW dimensions do not appear to have an influence on readability. In addition, at the end of the period of study, when the firm under study ceased to be a family firm, the SEW dimensions failed to have an effect on readability.
La investigación previa sugiere que los elementos más destacados de la riqueza socioemocional de las empresas familiares pueden influir en la información financiera divulgada por parte de las mismas. Este trabajo intenta analizar la proposición previa de forma empírica mediante el estudio de la información divulgada por parte de una empresa familiar multinacional, Guinness, durante un largo período de tiempo. En el estudio se identifica la presencia de las dimensiones de la riqueza socioemocional en la información corporativa de la empresa y se explora la relación entre la dimensión más destacada (identidad familiar) y la legibilidad. Los resultados muestran una relación positiva entre la identidad familiar y la legibilidad en el período en el que la empresa estudiada se considera una empresa familiar. El resto de las dimensiones de la riqueza socioemocional no parecen influir en la legibilidad. Además, al final del período de estudio, cuando la empresa estudiada dejó de ser una empresa familiar, las dimensiones de la riqueza socioemocional dejaron de tener un impacto en la legibilidad.
Proactive Process Safety Management - Key to the Prevention of Incidents in Industry
Authors: Oboh Innocent O. , Akpan Anietie S. , A. Adam Joshua , Emberru Ruth E. , Onoriode Augustina O. 
Published: July 2023

Proactive process safety that works requires a thorough approach that takes into account every area of safety. It entails regular review and monitoring of safety performance in order to pinpoint problem areas and guarantee continued safety improvements. Failure to take proactive measures may result in catastrophic events, such as fires, explosions, or chemical discharges, which could have detrimental effects on nearby communities, the environment, and the workforce. Process effectiveness is continuously ensured through proactive safety, which involves processes, procedures, and people. The purpose of this study was to review proactive process safety management as the key to the prevention of catastrophic incidents in industry. The method adopted for this study was the use of selected process safety incidents to illustrate latent conditions and active failures using the Swiss cheese model and to identify the barrier failures that will lead to catastrophic incidents in industry. A large disaster caused by the effects of catastrophic discharges of hazardous, reactive, flammable, or explosive substances can be prevented to a great extent by implementing proactive systems to monitor process safety.
Ketones of Six to Thirteen Carbons
Authors: O'Donoghue John L. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractKetones of carbon number 6–13 are important commercial and industrial materials. Their primary use is as solvents that find use in numerous products and industrial applications. Due to their volatility, environmental regulations have been directed at restricting emissions, particularly to the atmosphere. A number of the ketones discussed in this chapter not only can undergo photochemical transformations that contribute to their abiotic degradation but may also contribute to the formation of smog. Regulations limiting or prohibiting release of materials that may contribute to smog formation are leading to reductions in the use of some of these materials. The ketones covered in this chapter are mainly of concern due to inhalation and dermal exposure routes. Acute exposure to high vapor concentrations of these materials may result in narcosis; however, such exposures are rare except in cases of accidents. Repeated exposure to certain of these ketones may result in peripheral neuropathy or hepatic effects.
Deterministic Current‐Induced Perpendicular Switching in Epitaxial Co/Pt Layers without an External Field
Authors: Ryu Jeongchun , Avci Can Onur , Song Moojune , Huang Mantao , Thompson Ryan , Yang Jiseok , Ko San , Karube Shutaro , Tezuka Nobuki , Kohda Makoto , Kim Kab‐Jin , Beach Geoffrey S. D. , Nitta Junsaku 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCurrent‐induced spin‐orbit torques (SOTs) have emerged as a powerful tool to control magnetic elements and non‐uniform magnetic textures such as domain walls and skyrmions. SOT‐induced switching of perpendicular magnetization generally requires an external field to break the rotational symmetry of the spin‐orbit effective fields responsible for the deterministic reversal. The proposed mechanisms to eliminate this requirement often rely on complex multilayer structures that necessitate laborious optimization in the material and spin transport properties, making them less attractive for applications. Herein, current‐induced, external field‐free switching of an epitaxial MgO/Pt/Co trilayer with an extremely large perpendicular anisotropy in excess of 3 Tesla is reported. It is found that switching occurs due to the interplay of strong SOTs, local anisotropy fluctuations, and the Dzyaloshinkii‐Moriya interaction inherent to this epitaxial system. Given that these layers constitute the base stack of a magnetic tunnel junction, this switching mechanism offers the most technologically viable path toward devices such as field‐free SOT‐based magnetic random‐access memories.
Calamitic Blatter Radicals for Large‐Area Solution‐Coated Resistive Memories
Authors: Hou Yan , Chen Hanjiao , Lian Wenru , Li Huaqing , Hu Xiaoguang , Liu Xuying 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRadical molecules exhibit fast redox kinetics, are widely explored for data processing and energy storage. However, the insulating aliphatic matrix isolates the radical units, thus resulting in a weak charge transporting ability. Herein, calamitic Blatter radicals (CBR) with highly conductive [1]benzothieno[3,2‐b]benzothiophene (BTBT) as the conjugated backbone are designed and synthesized. It is found that bistable redox character associated with large conjugated backbone allows these Blatter radical derivatives to be switched with ON/OFF ratio reaching 106 and retention time exceeding 104 s in solution processed devices. In addition, these radicals are unveiled to perform tunable, multi‐mode field‐responsive resistance behaviors, including write‐once‐read‐many (WORM), FLASH, and dynamic random access memory (DRAM), by molecular engineering strategy. This finding provides fundamental understanding for charge transferring dynamics and redox‐switching mechanism of radical molecules with respect to electronic applications.
Smart Nanozymes for Cancer Therapy: The Next Frontier in Oncology
Authors: P. N. Navya , Mehla Sunil , Begum Amrin , Chaturvedi Harit K. , Ojha Ruchika , Hartinger Christian , Plebanski Magdalena , Bhargava Suresh K. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractNanomaterials that mimic the catalytic activity of natural enzymes in the complex biological environment of the human body are called nanozymes. Recently, nanozyme systems have been reported with diagnostic, imaging, and/or therapeutic capabilities. Smart nanozymes strategically exploit the tumor microenvironment (TME) by the in situ generation of reactive species or by the modulation of the TME itself to result in effective cancer therapy. This topical review focuses on such smart nanozymes for cancer diagnosis, and therapy modalities with enhanced therapeutic effects. The dominant factors that guide the rational design and synthesis of nanozymes for cancer therapy include an understanding of the dynamic TME, structure‐activity relationships, surface chemistry for imparting selectivity, and site‐specific therapy, and stimulus‐responsive modulation of nanozyme activity. This article presents a comprehensive analysis of the subject including the diverse catalytic mechanisms of different types of nanozyme systems, an overview of the TME, cancer diagnosis, and synergistic cancer therapies. The strategic application of nanozymes in cancer treatment can well be a game changer in future oncology. Moreover, recent developments may pave the way for the deployment of nanozyme therapy into other complex healthcare challenges, such as genetic diseases, immune disorders, and ageing.
A Molecular Switch‐Integrated Nanoplatform Enables Photo‐Unlocked Antibacterial Drug Delivery for Synergistic Abscess Therapy
Authors: Yan Yunxiang , Liu Yong , Li Juanjuan , Li Ye , Wu Haoheng , Li Hong , Ma Xiang , Tang Yanqiong , Tong Yuan , Yi Kexian , Liang Quanfeng , Liu Zhu 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDrug delivery systems (DDSs) capable of sequential multistage drug release are urgently needed for antibacterial applications. Herein, a molecular switch‐integrated, photo‐responsive nanoplatform is reported based on hollow mesoporous silica nanospheres (HMSN) loaded with silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs), vancomycin (Van), and hemin (HAVH) for bacteria elimination and abscess therapy. Upon near‐infrared (NIR) light irradiation, the molecular switch, hemin, can effuse from the mesopores of HMSN, triggering the release of pre‐loaded Ag+ and Van, which enables photothermal‐modulated drug release and synergistic photothermal‐chemo therapy (PTT‐CHT). The HAVH_NIR irreversibly disrupts the bacterial cell membrane, facilitating the penetration of Ag+ and Van. It is found that these compounds restrain the transcription and translation of ribosomes and lead to rapid bacterial death. Furthermore, hemin can effectively inhibit excessive inflammatory responses associated with the treatment, promoting accelerated wound healing in a murine abscess model. This work presents a new strategy for antibacterial drug delivery with high controllability and extendibility, which may benefit the development of smart multifunctional nanomedicine for diseases not limited to bacterial infections.
Dual‐Interface Modulation with Covalent Organic Framework Enables Efficient and Durable Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Guo Junjun , Meng Genping , Zhang Xuliang , Huang Hehe , Shi Junwei , Wang Baodui , Hu Xiaotian , Yuan Jianyu , Ma Wanli 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDual‐interface modulation including buried interface as well as the top surface has recently been proven to be crucial for obtaining high photovoltaic performance in lead halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Herein, for the first time, the strategy of using functional covalent organic frameworks (COFs), namely HS‐COFs for dual‐interface modulation, is reported to further understand its intrinsic mechanisms in optimizing the bottom and top surfaces. Specifically, the buried HS‐COFs layer can enhance the resistance against ultraviolet radiation, and more importantly, release the tensile strain, which is beneficial for enhancing device stability and improving the order of perovskite crystal growth. Furthermore, the detailed characterization results reveal that the HS‐COFs on the top surface can effectively passivate the surface defects and suppress non‐radiation recombination, as well as optimize the crystallization and growth of the perovskite film. Benefiting from the synergistic effects, the dual‐interface modified devices deliver champion efficiencies of 24.26% and 21.30% for 0.0725 cm2 and 1 cm2‐sized devices, respectively. Moreover, they retain 88% and 84% of their initial efficiencies after aging for 2000 h under the ambient conditions (25 °C, relative humidity: 35–45%) and a nitrogen atmosphere with heating at 65 °C, respectively.
Implantable, Biodegradable, and Wireless Triboelectric Devices for Cancer Therapy through Disrupting Microtubule and Actins Dynamics
Authors: Yao Shuncheng , Wang Shaobo , Zheng Minjia , Wang Zhuo , Liu Zhirong , Wang Zhong Lin , Li Linlin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractElectric‐field‐based stimulation is emerging as a new cancer therapeutic modality through interfering with cell mitosis. To address its limitations of complicated wire connections, bulky devices, and coarse spatial resolution, an improved and alternative method is proposed for wirelessly delivering electrical stimulation into tumor tissues through designing an implantable, biodegradable, and wirelessly controlled therapeutic triboelectric nanogenerator (ET‐TENG). With the excitation of ultrasound (US) to the ET‐TENG, the implanted ET‐TENG can generate an alternating current voltage and concurrently release the loaded anti‐mitotic drugs into tumor tissues, which synergistically disrupts the assembly of microtubules and filament actins, induces cell cycle arrest, and finally enhances cell death. With the assistance of US, the device can be completely degraded after the therapy, getting free of a secondary surgical extraction. The device can not only work around those unresectable tumors, but also provides a new application of wireless electric field in cancer therapy.
Adsorbate Formation/Removal and Plasma‐Induced Evolution of Defects in Graphitic Materials
Authors: Eichhorn Anna L. , Hoffer Marvin , Bitsch Katharina , Dietz Christian 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe preparation of adsorbate‐free graphene with well‐defined layer numbers is a current challenge in materials and surface science and required to fabricate graphene‐based nanodevices, such as used in nanoelectromechanical systems. One strategy to tailor the layer number is oxygen‐plasma treatment of few‐layer graphene/graphite flakes. However, when graphitic materials are stored in air under ambient conditions, it is almost inevitable that adsorbates deposit on their surfaces. When precisely removing individual graphene layers from graphitic flakes by oxygen‐plasma treatment, the amount and type of adsorbates strongly affect the required plasma‐treatment process and duration. To examine the removal/etching mechanism involved in removing such layers, few‐layer graphene/graphite flakes, with areas of different layer numbers, are stored in ambient air and stepwise exposed to oxygen plasma in a shielded configuration. The flakes are then successively analyzed by multifrequency atomic force microscopy together with Raman spectroscopy, focusing on etching rate, and adsorbate and defect evolution. Combined in‐plane and out‐of‐plane tip–adsorbate–substrate interaction analysis facilitates discrimination of different types of adsorbates (water, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and linear alkanes) and their formation with time. The results demonstrate the potential regarding the development of an efficient method for cleaning of graphitic surfaces and ablation of individual graphene layers.
Cold Plasma Jet Coupled Nanosecond Laser Ablation Scheme For Plasmonic Nanostructured Surfaces
Authors: Khan Taj Muhammad , Aslam Nazim , Iqbal Amjad , Abbasi Shahab Ahmed , Ali Dilawar 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis paper describes a study where an argon cold plasma jet, generated by a dielectric‐barrier discharge (DBD), is combined with nanosecond laser ablation (248 nm, 25 ns, 10 Hz) to deposit silver particle aerosols onto the substrate at atmospheric pressure. The deposition of the particle is examined using various microscopy techniques and absorption spectroscopy for the plasma jet produced by operating DBD in the normal and reversed mode. Plasma facilitated the deposition process by delivering the particle to the substrate and significantly influenced its morphology depending on the jet interaction, length, and substrate position. In both cases, the particles are clustered; however, there is less deposit for the plasma ignited in the reverse mode. The theoretical analysis of the deposition process is performed using ANSYS software and evaluated in terms of plasma‐induced flow velocity. This study infers that the hybrid plasma‐laser deposition scheme considered is attractive for material processing and deposition, especially overextended substrate distances, and for altering the properties of the deposited particles for practical utilization in surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy, solar cells, and catalysis.
On‐Demand Inkjet Printed Hydrophilic Coatings for Flow Control in 3D‐Printed Microfluidic Devices Embedded with Organic Electrochemical Transistors
Authors: Makhinia Anatolii , Azizian Pooya , Beni Valerio , Casals‐Terré Jasmina , Cabot Joan M. , Andersson Ersman Peter 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMicrofluidic surface chemistry can enable control of capillary‐driven flow without the need for bulky external instrumentation. A novel pondered nonhomogeneous coating defines regions with different wetting properties on the microchannel walls. It changes the curvature of the liquid–air meniscus at various channel cross‐sections and consequently leads to different capillary pressures, which is favorable in the strive toward automatic flow control. This is accomplished by the deposition of hydrophilic coatings on the surface of multilevel 3D‐printed (3DP) microfluidic devices via inkjet printing, thereby retaining the surface hydrophilicity for at least 6 months of storage. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of capillary flow control in 3DP microfluidics enabled by inkjet printing. The method is used to create “stop” and “delay” valves to enable preprogrammed capillary flow for sequential release of fluids. To demonstrate further utilization in point‐of‐care sensing applications, screen printed organic electrochemical transistors are integrated within the microfluidic chips to sense, sequentially and independently from external actions, chloride anions in the (1–100) × 10−3 m range. The results present a cost‐effective fabrication method of compact, yet comprehensive, all‐printed sensing platforms that allow fast ion detection (<60 s), including the capability of automatic delivery of multiple test solutions.
Colloidal Silver Nanoparticle Plasmonic Arrays for Versatile Lasing Architectures via Template‐Assisted Self‐Assembly
Authors: Conti Ylli , Passarelli Nicolas , Mendoza-Carreño Jose , Scarabelli Leonardo , Mihi Agustin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe characteristic narrow spectral features of surface lattice resonances emerge as great candidates for the rational design of optical nanocavities targeting enhanced light‐matter interaction, ultrasensitive detection, or efficient light‐energy conversion. Traditional fabrication of metal arrays involves thermal evaporation and annealing steps, limiting scalability and adaptability. In contrast, template‐assisted self‐assembly provides a high‐throughput all‐around approach for implementing colloidal plasmonic metasurfaces on a variety of different materials. Here, the use of pre‐synthesized silver nanoparticles is designed and tested for the construction of versatile lasing architectures. Plasmonic arrays are prepared directly on top of the gain media (a photoresist thin film doped with Rhodamine B), creating optical nanocavities with quality factors as high as 85. The proposed architecture circumvents the need for an index‐matching superstrate to promote the generation of collective resonances, leaving the plasmonic surface accessible for post‐assembly modification. Additionally, the angular dispersion of the metasurfaces is used to modify the angle of the lasing emission, achieving both normal and off‐normal lasing upon modification of the lattice parameter of the array. The results demonstrate how state‐of‐the‐art colloidal self‐assembly techniques offer a scalable and versatile alternative for the fabrication of plasmonic and photonic devices targeting advanced and non‐linear optical phenomena.
Battery Charge Curve Prediction via Feature Extraction and Supervised Machine Learning
Authors: Su Laisuo , Zhang Shuyan , McGaughey Alan J. H. , Reeja‐Jayan B. , Manthiram Arumugam 
Published: July 2023

AbstractReal‐time onboard state monitoring and estimation of a battery over its lifetime is indispensable for the safe and durable operation of battery‐powered devices. In this study, a methodology to predict the entire constant‐current cycling curve with limited input information that can be collected in a short period of time is developed. A total of 10 066 charge curves of LiNiO2‐based batteries at a constant C‐rate are collected. With the combination of a feature extraction step and a multiple linear regression step, the method can accurately predict an entire battery charge curve with an error of < 2% using only 10% of the charge curve as the input information. The method is further validated across other battery chemistries (LiCoO2‐based) using open‐access datasets. The prediction error of the charge curves for the LiCoO2‐based battery is around 2% with only 5% of the charge curve as the input information, indicating the generalization of the developed methodology for predicting battery cycling curves. The developed method paves the way for fast onboard health status monitoring and estimation for batteries during practical applications.
The predictive value of computerized tomography‐assessed sarcopenia for complicated appendicitis in geriatric patients
Authors: Yildirim Ali Cihat , Atlanoğlu Şahinde , Gedik Mehmet Ali , Zeren Sezgin , Ekici Mehmet Fatih 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveGeriatric patients have more complicated appendicitis, which leads to higher morbidity and mortality rates. Sarcopenia has been shown to have a negative impact on patients undergoing surgery. This study aims to reveal the predictive value of computerized tomography‐assessed (CT‐assessed) sarcopenia for complicated appendicitis in geriatric patients.MethodsOne‐hundred fifty‐four patients’ with acute appendicitis age, gender, co‐morbidities, appendicitis status, and body mass index (BMI) values were analyzed. The skeletal muscle index (SMI) and related measurements were evaluated.ResultsFifty‐two percent of the patients had complicated, and 48% had uncomplicated appendicitis. There was a statistically significant difference between uncomplicated and complicated cases regarding BMI, SMI, and muscle area values (P < 0.05). The cutoff point by Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve analysis was conducted for SMI and showed 71% sensitivity and 52% specificity (P = 0.042). Multivariate analysis has shown that comorbidities are significantly more associated with complicated appendicitis than sarcopenia.ConclusionGeriatric patients with lower BMI, decreased muscle area, and CT‐detected sarcopenia have an increased risk of complicated appendicitis. Comorbidities are also important risk factors. Surgeons should be aware of factors leading to complicated appendicitis, which may cause higher morbidity and mortality rates in elderly patients.