bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preliminary study on marine associated bacteria-marine invertebrate relationship: observation of valinomycin from Streptomyces in Stichopus vastus
Authors: Wibowo J T , Kellerman M Y , Schupp P J 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We isolated valinomycin and its analogs from Streptomyces sp. SV 21 obtained from sea cucumber Stichopus vastus. Besides its antibacterial capacity, past studies on valinomycin also showed a broad-spectrum antiviral activity. From an ecological perspective, valinomycin showed interesting bioactivities in host-microbes relationships, such as protection against pathogenic fungi in leafcutter ant Acromymex echinatior and suppression of large patch disease in zoysia grass Zoysia japonica. However, valinomycin’s ecological role remains unclear in the marine environment. For that reason, we observed a trace of valinomycin in S. vastus. We extracted S.vastus with MeOH. Unlike the extract of Streptomyces sp. SV 21, the extract of S. vastus showed no activity when tested against environmental bacteria using disc-diffusion assays. The crude extract was fractionated with n-hexane, DCM, BuOH, and water. The samples were then analyzed with UHPLC-MS. The MS spectra showed valinomycin was not detected in the MeOH extract. However, some mass fragments of valinomycin were observed in the mass spectra of the DCM and BuOH fractions. These results could pave the way for further studies on the observation of valinomycin in the parts of sea cucumber and/or its habitat and valinomycin’s role for marine organisms, especially sea cucumbers.
The effect of phytoplankton abundance on zooplankton behavior during the day and night in the waters of the northern Peninsula of the Banyuasin Coast, South Sumatra
Authors: Febrianti A A P , Fauziyah  , Agustriani F , Ningsih E N , Manik H M , Wijopriono  , Supriyadi F 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Plankton has an important role and can be used as a bioindicator of water conditions. The abundance of phytoplankton and the behavior of zooplankton are interrelated, namely the interaction of prey and predators. Phytoplankton form community structures and zooplankton community structures give rise to feeding strategies as predators. The purpose was to observe the behavior of zooplankton at the time of observation based on the level of abundance of phytoplankton. This research was conducted in October 2020 in the waters of the northern peninsula of the Banyuasin coast, South Sumatra. Sampling of plankton using a horizontally pulled bongonet for 5 minutes. The results showed that the abundance of phytoplankton contributed indirectly to the behavior of zooplankton, differences in time and environmental conditions such as tides and temperature also contributed. The highest abundance of phytoplankton was found at station 4 at night with an abundance of 71553 cells/m3, while the highest abundance of zooplankton was at station 5 at night 1332 ind/m3. The distribution of the movement of zooplankton in the study waters is below during the day and begins to increase in abundance at night, this is indicated by the behavior of zooplankton looking for prey at night with the main target being phytoplankton.
Relationship analysis of Scalloped Hammerhead (Sphyrna lewini) from West Aceh Waters using molecular genetics approach
Authors: Bahri S , Hikmah N , Fadli N 
Published: February 2023

AbstractHammerhead sharks are particularly vulnerable to fishing because of their slow growth rate and reproductive constraints. This type of sharks needs special attention due to its conservation status. This research was aimed to describe the relationships of the hammerhead sharks from West Aceh waters with the hammerhead sharks from other places. Samples of the shark were collected from Ujong Baroh Fish Port, West Aceh. The samples were analysed at the Laboratory of Department of Marine Science and Fisheries, Syiah Kuala University. The laboratory activity was started with extraction of DNA enhanced by Polymerase Chain Reaction method and visualized by an electrolytical. Analysis using BLAST showed that the first sample obtained 94%-95% cover query value and produced a 683 base pair length while the second sample obtained 98% per sample for a cover query value and produced a 658 base pair length. The average nucleotide values of the hammerhead shark were T=32.8, C=26.6, A=25.7 and G=14.9. The phylogenetic tree shows that the hammerhead sharks from the study area were more similar to the hammerhead sharks from Australia and Malaysia. Overall, based on the nucleotide composition, phylogenetic tree and genetic distance, the hammerhead sharks from the study area are unique compared to the populations from the other places.
Is the variability of butterflyfish species domination driven by its habitat conditions?
Authors: Faricha A , Rejeki H A , Munasik  
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The coral conditions contribute to the abundance and species composition of butterflyfish. This study investigates the relationship between its habitat conditions and dominance of butterflyfish in western Indonesia. Data were collected using UVC in 78 sites during 2015, 2016, and 2018 that are grouped into 2 groups. The results show group A has a lower number of species (2 - 6) but the density is high, instead, group B is 9-20 species but has a low density. Species dominant and their relations with benthic substrate were Chaetodon octofasciatus (7.2%) in group A, and group B Heniochus pleurotaenia and Chaetodon triangulum (21%). The differences in species domination might also be affected by habitat conditions, such as the period of the highest sea surface temperature. The group had different environmental conditions, which group A might be influenced by the Karimata strait and Indian Ocean west Sumatera in group B. Those 4 species have relation to SST include F. flavissimus.
Characteristics of coral reef fisheries in the Wakatobi islands
Authors: Prihatiningsih  , Taufik M , Baihaqi  , Yusuf H N , Fauzi M , Hufiadi  , Chodrijah U , Panggabean A S , Pane A R P , Hartati S T 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Wakatobi National Park has a diverse fish population, and its conservation potential for reef fish resources is quite large. As a result, to be sustainable, the exploitation of these resources must be properly managed. This study aims to look into the characteristics of reef fish fisheries, such as species composition, catch, fishing ground, and fish length. The outcomes are hoped to be beneficial in monitoring the management of the resources. This research was conducted in April-November 2018 in Wakatobi, Indonesia. Analytical methods process the data. The results showed that gold spotted rabbitfish (Siganus punctatus), parrotfish (Hipposcarus longiceps), emperor (Lethrinus lentjan), grouper (Epinephelus sp), and trevallies (Caranx sp) dominated the total catch from muroami, speargun, and hand line. Muroami boats have a higher average CPUE (212 kg/trip/month) than speargun (29.0 kg/trip/month) and handlines (13.0 kg/trip/ship). Some of the reef fish caught in Wakatobi National Park is small and immature. Muroami net, speargun, and handline fishing are mostly done in the southern part of the Wakatobi National Park area, around Binongko Island. One of the management actions undertaken by Wakatobi fishermen is fishing inside the management zone that has been established, namely the local use zone.
Fishing impact of blue swimming crab (Portunus pelagicus) fishery on target in Lamongan Water, Northern Coast of Eastern Java Province
Authors: Nabila A N , Taurusman A A , Wiryawan B , Riyanto M 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Blue swimming crab (Portunus pelagicus) is a high-value export commodity of fisheries to the international market. Thus, it promotes overfishing, reducing target stocks, and ecological impact on non-target biota. Fishers in Lamongan Regency use traps, trammel nets, and mini trawl (arad) to target the crabs. The fishing gears have different levels of selectivity. This study aims to evaluate the impact of crab fishing on target (P. pelagicus), particularly in the study area. The samples of blue swimming crab (BSC) were collected using the quota sampling method. The parameters of the crab catch (Portunus pelagicus) collected included carapace width, weight, sex, and gonad maturity stage (GMS). 1424 fishing vessels and 3598 fishers targeted the BSC in the Lamongan water. The result of this study showed that 93% of BSC catch was higher than the legal size from traps, 66% (arad), 89 % (trammel nets). The growth parameter of L∞ = 156.95 mm (for female) and L∞ = 182.22 mm (male), while K = 1.4 per year (for female) and K = 1.4 per year (male). The relationship between carapace width and weight of the male and female crabs was positive allometric growth. The LB-SPR parameter value was 23% which indicated that the crab resource stock in Lamongan waters was a ‘fully-moderately’ status, while the selectivity level indicated an ‘over-exploitation’ base on the E value = 0.69 (for female crab) and E = 0.72 (for male). This study proposes urgently reducing the fishing effort targeting BSC, particularly by the mini trawl (arad) and implementing a rebuilding stock program for the BSC.
Effect of dietary honey supplementation on weight growth performance of Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer)
Authors: Muzahar  , Viruly L , Muslim A 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This study aimed to identify the effect of local bee (Apis dorsata) honey as a feed additive on the growth performance of Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer). The honey was supplemented at 1%, 2%, and 3% per kg diet. The test fish were reared for 35 days in a net placed in a floating-net cage (KJA). The results showed that the dietary honey supplementation affected the absolute weight and specific growth rate (p<0.05). The supplementation of 3% honey per kg diet obtained the highest growth performance compared to other treatments with the weight growth at 42.43 ± 12.78 g, specific growth rate at 1.21 ± 0.37 g/day and survival rate at 100%. The water quality parameters in the rearing tank of test fish were eligible based on the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) of 01-6493.1-2000 about water quality for Asian seabass grow-out rearing.
Estimating ecological and production carrying capacity for lobster farming based on organic carbon deposition in the mariculture zone
Authors: Thesiana L , Albasri H , Pratama I , Hanintyo R , Rahmania R , Susilo E , Suniada K I , Puspasari R , Istiyarini N , Setiati N A 
Published: February 2023

AbstractLobster farming produces higher organic carbon footprints; thus, a carrying capacity model must be developed specifically to address the issue. This study aimed to develop a carrying capacity for lobster farming based on a carbon deposition model. Bay and open waters (worst and best scenarios) carbon deposition models were developed using DEPOMOD. Two net cage configurations were used in each model. Current velocity, farming practices, and coastal geodatabases of seven provinces were analysed. The maximum carbon deposition in the bay was higher (1.67 kgC/m2/day) than in the coastal area (0.55 kgC/m2/day) for the single net cage configuration. Similarly, the bay’s four net cages produced a higher carbon deposition (4.11 C kg/m2/day) than the coastal net cages (0.88 kgC/m2/day). The bay has a smaller carbon footprint for both net cage configurations (68.98-140.12 m) compared to the coastal waters’ net cages (100.76-198.19 m). Based on the carbon deposition models, it is estimated that the assessed 598 Indonesia’s mariculture zones (total area of 1.47 million ha) could support 92,904 net cages (200 frames/net cage) capable of producing lobster of 557,429 tonnes/year. The proposed models could be used to replace the generic carrying capacity for lobster farming in Indonesia’s mariculture zones
Fish and shrimp hydrolysate as additives in lobster feed formulation: effect on growth, survival, feed consumption of spiny lobster (Panulirus homarus)
Authors: Astuti N W W , Sudewi  , Giri N A , Fahrudin  , Asih Y N , Slamet B 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Artificial feed formulation has been developed to minimize trash fish use in spiny lobster (Panulirus homarus) culture. However, lobster growth was higher when they were fed fresh diets. Low feed intake was considered a problem in artificial feed development. This study aimed to evaluate fish and shrimp hydrolysate as attractants in lobster feed formulation. This research conducted three treatments, i.e., benchmark feed as control (A), feed with 3% fish hydrolysate (B), and feed with 3% shrimp hydrolysate (C). Lobsters with an initial carapace length of 6.12 cm and initial weight of 97.6 g were allocated into fiberglass tanks (2×2×1 m3) with a stocking density of 40 lobsters/tank. Lobsters were fed with moisture pellets with 24%-25% moisture content three times daily. The lobster’s weight and carapace length were measured every four weeks. Twelve weeks of observation showed no significant effects of treatments (p<0.05) on growth, feed consumption, lobster survival, and molt frequency. The final weight of the lobster ranged from 115.81 g to 116.10 g. The final carapace length was around 6.52 cm - 6.55 cm, the specific growth rate was around 0.20 %/day, and feed consumption ranged from 250 g/day – 267 g/day. While the survival rate ranged from 60.83% to 72.50%, and molt frequency was around 21 - 25 times during observation.
Bombay duck (Harpodon nehereus) natural formaldehyde levels and changes during frozen storage
Authors: Ariyani F , Barokah G R , Wibowo S 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Demersal fish, including the Bombay duck (Harpodon nehereus), have relatively high levels of TMAO and hence have the potential for high natural formaldehyde content. This study aimed to determine the natural formaldehyde content of bombay duck and the pattern of the change during frozen storage. Approximately 15 kg bombay duck of 38 – 45g each caught by one-day fishing in Juwata Waters, Tarakan, North Kalimantan Indonesia, was transported in ice to the Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Research Center for Marine and Fisheries Product Processing and Biotechnology, Jakarta. Upon arrival, they were split into three groups as replicates and stored frozen for five months. Every month, the levels of formaldehyde, TVB, and sensory properties were monitored, and proximate analysis was performed before storage. The results showed that natural formaldehyde was detected in Bombay duck flesh before storage at a relatively high level of 12.58 + 0.35 ppm, increased to 17.3 ppm after one month of storage, and then decreased afterward. In contrast, TVB levels were low, 12.66 + 2, 54 mg N% before storage, then increased during storage. Based on sensory evaluation, all attributes of the bombay duck were deemed in good condition, with scores ranging from 7-8, except for the eyes, which received a score of less than 6.
Characteristics of crab shells and green mussel shells as potential chitosan material from Karangantu, Banten, Indonesia
Authors: Pratama G , Munandar A , Surilayani D , Rizky J A , Hasanah A N , Haryati S , Meata B A , Nuryadin D F E , Aditia R P 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Shells are a waste of crab (Portunus pelagicus) and green mussels (Perna viridis) waste in Karangantu. That is a problem for the environment with a large number. One solution is to use it as a raw material for chitosan. This study aims to see the potential of crab shells and green mussel shells as well as raw materials for chitosan biomaterials. This research used shell waste of P. pelagicus and P. viridis (3 replications). The stages of the method of this research include the preparation of raw materials, manufacture of chitosan, and analysis product. Parameters measured in this study include yield, moisture, ash, degree of deacetylation, and viscosity. The results showed that the yield, ash, and viscosity of green mussels shells were higher than that of crab shells, but the moisture and degree of deacetylation were lower. These results indicate that crab shells are better than clam shells, although the yield is lower as a potential for making chitosan from waste in Karangantu.
The role of dryoprotectants on the quality of surimi powder of red tilapia
Authors: Ramadhan W , Santoso J , Trilaksani W , Rieuwpassa F J 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSince the commercial wet surimi should be stored at frozen temperature, thus requires space and high energy consumption. Interestingly, surimi in dried powder form reveals the new prospect of relieving those drawbacks of wet surimi. However, the drying process indicates fast hydration that may affect water and protein content loss, causing a reduction of gelling capacity. To date, this study aimed to determine the right type and concentration of cryoprotectant to protect the quality of red tilapia surimi powder during its freeze-drying process. The inclusion of different cryoprotectants was obtained in the production of surimi powder, namely surimi powder with cryoprotectant blend I (4% sucrose, 4% sorbitol, 0.3% polyphosphate) (DB4), cryoprotectant blend II (8% sucrose, 8% sorbitol, 0.5% polyphosphate) (DB 8), trehalose 2 (TH2), 4 (TH4), 6 (TH6) and 8% (TH8) and as well as surimi powder without cryoprotectant as the control (WD). The generated surimi powder with various cryoprotectant types was evaluated for the whiteness degree, myofibril content, gel strength, emulsion capacity, and foaming capacity. The generated surimi powder with TH8 showed the most acceptable result with myofibril 1.098±0.103 mg/mL, gel strength 1156.65±41.32 gf/cm2, whiteness 90.35%, emulsion capacity 79.1% and foaming capacity 39.12%.
The role of microorganisms in solid biofertilizer production
Authors: Basmal J , Kusumawati R , Nurhayati  
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Trials of making organic fertilizer using seaweed, fish silage, molasses, and a consortium of microbes were carried out. This study aimed to determine the activity of Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas florescent, and Trichoderma sp to produce micro and macro nutrients, humic acid, water content, and growth hormone. The organic fertilizer formula consisted of 26.6% sargassum flour, 16% fish silage, 1.8% molasses, 2.4% K. alvarezii paste; and 53.2% sargassum paste. The treatments consisted of formulated without adding microbial consortium (SK) and with adding microbial consortium (SM) as much as 10% volume per weight (v/w), then fermented for 10 days at room temperature. The balance values of growth hormone auxin (IAA), gibberellin (GA3) and cytokinins in SM treatment were the best measured at 181 ppm, 73 ppm, and 120 ppm, respectively.
Cellulolytic activity at the low temperature of associative bacteria from a seagrass ecosystem
Authors: Simbolon L M , Ismet M S , Ismiati P , Ilham A F , Srimariana E S 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Cellulase enzymes have been widely used in many industrial activities, such as the production of biofuels, biofertilizers, and bio-decomposers. The usage of cellulase enzymes on an industrial scale usually involves a relatively high temperature. Microorganisms in marine ecosystems are widely known to have the ability to produce cellulase enzymes in various environmental ranges. However, exploring marine cellulolytic bacteria at low temperatures still lacks information. This study aims to determine the cellulolytic activity of bacteria associated with seagrass ecosystems at low temperatures. Cellulolytic activity test used selected bacteria isolates from the seagrass ecosystem (actinobacteria: AA10b, AA11a, AA30a, AB22b; heterotrophic bacterial: HB1.1, HB2.1, HT1.2, HT2.2). The cellulolytic index values were obtained from the clear zone test on CMC 1% medium with congo red staining (actinobacteria) and iodine (heterotrophic bacteria) in different temperature treatments (4°C, 17°C, 20°C, and 40°C). The results showed that all isolates had various cellulolytic index values at different temperatures. There was no bacterial cellulolytic activity at 4°C. However some isolates showed activities at 17°C and increased as the temperature was higher. The highest production of cellulolytic activity occurred at 40°C for both actinobacteria and heterotrophic bacteria isolates. The actinobacteria isolate AA11a had the highest cellulolytic index of 7.00 at 40°C. This study indicates that at low temperatures, associative bacteria from the seagrass ecosystem have considerable cellulolytic activity for further research applications in various industries.
Specifications of bioinspired material structural foam prosoma of Tachpleus gigas and Carcinocorpius rotundicaud using acoustic impulse response
Authors: Riyanto B , Ramadhan W , Putri A I 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Renewable material innovation has shifted from inorganic materials to biological materials. Especially due to the demands of modern applications in food, biomedicine, and environmental sustainability. The peculiarity of the horseshoe crab is in the prosoma with a hollow structure (foam). The development of structural specifications also leads to non-destructive modern measurements using acoustic response impulse. This study aimed to determine the specifications foam material (shape and size) of the prosoma Tachypleus gigas and Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda using acoustic impulse responses. The research includes the characterization of the components and structure of the foam material prosoma using acoustic impulse response The prosoma components of T. gigas and C. rotundicauda have high protein and crude fiber, as well as functional groups according to chitin. The weight of T. gigas and C. rotundicauda ranges 484.33 ± 5.13 g and 493.33 ±15.28 g and densities of 1206.45 ± 148.01 kg/m3 and 1264.60 ± 120.01 kg/m3, but have differences in pore diameter and strut, 431.39μm ± 166.22 and 153.30μm ± 33.62 for pore diameter and strut, 120.09μm ± 57.83 and 98.0881μm ± 26.75 and compressive strength of 220.68 kPa and 285.88 kPa, and elasticity of 17.85 and 38.12.
Toxicity test of gelatin capsule materials from pangasius skin (Pangasius sp.) on mice (Mus musculus)
Authors: Nurilmala M , Irawan M F , Wientarsih I , Pranata A W , Putri E A W 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Gelatin is produced from animal skin and bones, which can be used as an ingredient in medicine capsules. There are issues regarding the mad cow disease and certain religious rules that do not allow the consumption of gelatin from pigs and cows, opening up opportunities for developing gelatin derived from fish. This study aims to determine the level of toxicity of pangasius skin gelatin capsules (Pangasius sp.) using the fixed-dose procedure method in mice based on the LD50 value. The 2,000 mg/kg BW dose is determined as the initial dose of the main test after the preliminary test. The test animals were divided into 2 groups, each containing 5 female mice of the DDY strain. The first group was the control group, and the second group was the test animal group which was treated with a dose of 2,000 mg/kg BW. The results showed that the LD50 value of pangasius skin gelatin was > 2,000 mg/kg BW. Pangasius skin gelatin is not toxic, as evidenced by the absence of death and changes in the average body weight of mice. Based on the significant difference in relative weight, only the lungs were affected by pangasius skin gelatin.