bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of frailty assessment instruments in nephrology populations: a scoping review
Authors: Kennard Alice , Rainsford Suzanne , Glasgow Nicholas , Talaulikar Girish 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Frailty is a clinical syndrome of accelerated aging associated with adverse outcomes. Frailty is prevalent among patients with chronic kidney disease but is infrequently assessed in clinical settings, due to lack of consensus regarding frailty definitions and diagnostic tools. This study aimed to review the practice of frailty assessment in nephrology populations and evaluate the context and timing of frailty assessment.
Methods
The search included published reports of frailty assessment in patients with chronic kidney disease, undergoing dialysis or in receipt of a kidney transplant, published between January 2000 and November 2021. Medline, CINAHL, Embase, PsychINFO, PubMed and Cochrane Library databases were examined. A total of 164 articles were included for review.
Results
We found that studies were most frequently set within developed nations and adopted an observational study design, with paucity of interventional research. Studies favoured assessment of participants with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and transplant candidates. A total of 40 different frailty metrics were used. The most frequently utilised tool was the Fried Frailty Phenotype. Frailty prevalence varied across populations and research settings from 2.8% among participants with CKD to 82% among patients undergoing haemodialysis. Frailty was infrequently examined in conservatively managed populations. We verified that frailty predicts higher rates of adverse patient outcomes. There is sufficient literature to justify future meta-analyses.
Conclusions
There is increasing recognition of frailty in nephrology populations and the value of assessment in informing prognostication and decision-making during transitions in care. The Fried Frailty Phenotype is frequently utilised and offers comparison of frailty prevalence and outcomes over different research settings, as well as offering the opportunity to define a pre-frail state. Further research examining frailty in culturally and linguistically diverse populations is required. Future work should focus on interventional strategies exploring frailty rehabilitation.
Daksha: On Alert for High Energy Transients
Authors: Bhalerao Varun 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

We present Daksha, a proposed high energy transients mission for the study of electromagnetic counterparts of gravitational wave sources, and gamma ray bursts. Daksha will comprise of two satellites in low earth equatorial orbits, on opposite sides of earth. Each satellite will carry three types of detectors to cover the entire sky in an energy range from 1 keV to >1 MeV. Any transients detected on-board will be announced publicly within minutes of discovery. All photon data will be downloaded in ground station passes to obtain source positions, spectra, and light curves. In addition, Daksha will address a wide range of science cases including monitoring X-ray pulsars, studies of magnetars, solar flares, searches for fast radio burst counterparts, routine monitoring of bright persistent high energy sources, terrestrial gamma-ray flashes, and probing primordial black hole abundances through lensing. In this paper, we discuss the technical capabilities of Daksha, while the detailed science case is discussed in a separate paper.
Discrepancies in Vessel Density and Blood Flow Distribution in Different Areas of the Iris among Pediatric Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Adult Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients
Authors: Cui Lipu , Xiao Ying , Qian Yu , Lin Qiurong , Xiang Zhaoyu , Chen Zhangling , Sun Jiaqi , Qin Xinran , Yang Chenhao , Zou Haidong 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose: To investigate differences in iris blood flow indices between pediatric type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients and adult type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. Pediatric T1DM patients and healthy children were members of the Shanghai Children and Adolescent Diabetes Eye (SCADE) cohort who visited Shanghai Eye Hospital in February 2022. The adult T2DM patients and healthy adults were patients who visited Shanghai General Hospital from October 2021 to January 2022. Iris OCTA was acquired through a Cirrus HD-OCT 5000 angiography system (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Inc.). A unique iris OCTA quantification method was used, and the vessel area density (VAD) and vessel skeleton density (VSD) were obtained. The area from the pupillary margin to the corneoscleral limbus was takenas the whole iris blood flow index, and the inner third near the pupillary margin of the whole iris was taken as the pupillary margin blood flow index.
Results: This study enrolled 34 pediatric T1DM patients, 34 age-matched healthy children, 34 adult T2DM patients, and 34 age-matched healthy adults. The whole iris and pupillary margin VAD and VSD of the pediatric T1DM patients were not different from those of healthy children. The whole iris VAD and VSD of the adult T2DM patients were lower than those of healthy adults, and the pupillary margin VAD and VSD were the same in these two groups. Compared with adult T2DM patients, pediatric T1DM patients had higher whole iris VAD and VSD and lower pupillary margin VAD and VSD values, all with statistical significance. Among diabetic patients, age, BMI, and glycated hemoglobin level were negative independent influencing factors for whole iris VAD and VSD, and age was a positive influencing factor for pupillary margin VAD and VSD.
Conclusion: There are diverse alterations in iris vessel density and blood flow distribution between pediatric T1DM patients and adult T2DM patients.
Evolution of the 14-3-3 gene family in monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous and validation of MdGRF13 function in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Ren Jiaxuan , Zhang Pan , Dai Yingbao , Liu Xiaohuan , Lu Shixiong , Guo Lili , Gou Huimin , Mao Juan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The 14-3-3 are highly conserved regulatory proteins found in eukaryotes and play an essential role in plant growth, development and response to stress. However, the evolution of the 14-3-3 gene family in monocotyledons and dicotyledons and the biological functions of the MdGRF13 in abiotic stress remain unknown. In our study, a total of 195 members of the 14-3-3 family were identified from 12 species and divided into ε group and the Non-ε group. Synteny analysis within the 14-3-3 family indicated that segmental duplication events contributed to the expansion of its family. Selective pressure analysis indicated that purifying selection was a vital force in the evolution of 14-3-3 genes, and monocotyledons were found to have lower million years ago (Mya) mean values than dicotyledons. Meanwhile, monocotyledons have a higher codon adaptation index (CAI) and frequency of optical codons (FOP) and a lower effective number of codons (NC) of 14-3-3 genes compared to dicotyledons. Moreover, the yeast two-hybrid demonstrated that MdGRF13 interacts with MdRD22, MdLHP1a and MdMORF1. Significantly, the malondialdehyde (MDA) content and relative electrolyte leakage were decreased, whiles the superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) were increased in transgenic Arabidopsis than wild type under drought and salt stress. This shows that overexpression of MdGRF13 significantly improved the drought and salt stress in transgenic Arabidopsis. These results provide a theoretical basis for exploring the evolution of the 14-3-3 gene family in monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous and exploring the function of its family.
Implementation of the Water Footprint as a water performance indicator in industrial manufacturing units located in Greece: Challenges &amp; Prospects
Authors: Nydrioti Ioanna , Moutsaki Melina-Margarita , Leounakis Nikolaos , Grigoropoulou Helen 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Global water resources are under great pressure, so sustainable water and wastewater management is essential for every industrial unit. The Water Footprint (WF) is a multidimensional indicator of volumetric water use and pollution and is applied throughout the production cycle from the supply chain to the end user. The state-of-the art method of calculating the direct (operational) WF requires detailed records of water consumption and wastewater production per process, that are usually not available. In order to effectively implement the indicator, modifications to the standard calculation method are usually necessary, to meet the requirements and characteristics of each production unit. The present study analyzes the modifications required for WF assessment in three production units in Greece (i.e., cement, brewery and natural cosmetics) for which the WF is calculated for each production process and for the whole unit The WF assessment performed for the three case studies showed that both water consumption rates and WFs are within the lowest values (4.7 hL water/hL beer for brewery case study and 0.155 L/kg cement for cement case study) of the ranges reported in the international literature (4-8.8 hL water/hL beer and 0.14–0.413 L/kg cement). The total WF of the brewery after applying mass balances was calculated at 23.8 hL water / hL beer with virtual Grey WF contributing at 79.7% and Blue WF at 20.3%. For the cement manufacturing unit, using estimations from the plant operators and data from international literature the total WF of the plant was assessed at 0.159 L / kg cement with Blue WF contributing at 95.8%, Green WF at 1% and virtual Grey WF at 3.2%. For the natural cosmetics unit, after modifying the system boundaries properly, the total WF was assessed at 81.6 L / kg bulk with virtual Grey WF contributing at 88.8%. Through WF assessment, strategic actions could be identified to reduce water consumption and a benchmark could be provided to assess water performance between companies of the same branch.
Traffic noise in the bedroom in association with being overweight or obese: a cross-sectional study of the Respiratory Health in Northern Europe cohort
Authors: Veber Triin , Pyko Andrei , Carlsen Hanne Krage , Holm Mathias , Gislason Thorarinn , Janson Christer , Johannessen Ane , Sommar Johan Nilsson , Modig Lars , Lindberg Eva , Schlünssen Vivi , Toompere Karolin , Orru Hans 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Previous research suggests an association between road traffic noise and obesity, but current evidence is inconclusive. We aimed to investigate associations between self-reported traffic noise in bedrooms and self-measured obesity markers.
Methods
We applied data from the Respiratory Health in Northern Europe (RHINE) cohort. We used self-measured waist circumference (WC) and body mass index (BMI) as outcome values. Noise exposure was assessed as perceived traffic noise in the bedroom and/or the bedroom window’s location towards the street. We applied linear, and logistic regression models and evaluated effect modifications by sex.
Results
Women, who reported very high traffic noise levels in bedroom, had 1.35 (95% CI 0.32–2.38) kg/m2 higher BMI and 4.66 (95% CI 1.83–7.48) cm higher WC compared to women, who reported no traffic noise in the bedroom. Women who reported higher exposure to road traffic noise had statistically significant higher odds of being overweight, obese or have abdominal obesity with OR varying from 1.16 to 1.67 compared to women, who reported no traffic noise in the bedroom. Among men we did not find any clear associations between noise pollution and obesity measures.
Conclusion
Our results suggest that self-reported traffic noise in the bedroom may be associated to being overweight or obese among women, but not among men.
Short-term intraocular pressure changes after Aflibercept (Eylea©) intravitreal injections: which factors should be considered?
Authors: Barbosa Renato Correia , Basto Rita , Viana Ana Rita , Gonçalves Rita , Tenedório Paula 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose: To measure and interpret short-term pressure variation after intravitreal injections of the anti-vascular endothelial growth factor drug aflibercept (Eylea©), and to identify variables and risk factors for increased pressure spikes.
Methods and materials: A prospective study was conducted on 103 eyes treated with intravitreal aflibercept (Eylea©). IOP was measured using the Icare® TA01i tonometer immediately before, and 1, 5, and 20 minutes after the procedure. Patient data were reviewed according to age, gender, diagnostic, phakic status, and glaucoma history.
Results: Mean values of IOP before, and 1, 5 and 20 minutes after the injection were 14,89 (± 4,19) mmHg, 36,77 (± 11,46) mmHg, 24,17 (± 7,81) mmHg and 16,54 (± 5,26) mmHg, respectively. Significant differences were found in patients with a history of glaucoma, 20 minutes after the injection. No significant differences were found between phakic and pseudophakic patients.
Conclusions: More than three-quarters (76,7%) of the patients had an IOP higher than 30 mmHg 1 minute after the injection. Almost half (47,57%) had an IOP higher than 40 mmHg. Phakic status didn’t seem to affect IOP after intravitreal injections. Patients with a history of glaucoma may have a slower postinjection IOP decrease, shown by a mean IOP difference of 3,72 mmHg, 20 minutes after the injections. These patients are at a greater risk for progressive worsening of their glaucoma due to repeated IOP spikes after multiple IVI. IOP should be closely monitored, and a low threshold for optimizing topical therapy should be established.
Genetically Predicted Levels of Circulating Inflammatory Cytokines and the Risk of Hodgkin Lymphoma: A Two-sample Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: He Xin , Hu Bing , Guo Ziwen , Niu Xiaomin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Although epidemiological and observational studies link inflammation to the occurrence and progression of Hodgkin lymphoma, the causal relationship between circulating Inflammatory cytokines Levels and Hodgkin lymphoma remains unknown. To investigate the effects of genetically predicted circulating inflammatory cytokine levels on Hodgkin lymphoma, we conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study. Summary-level data of genetic variants associated with circulating cytokines were included from a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies (GWASs) of 8,293 Finns. Data on Hodgkin lymphoma were obtained from UK BioBank(360 cases and 36078 noncases). Inverse-variance weighted analysis, weighted-median analysis, and MR-Egger regression were conducted in this Mendelian randomization analysis. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to confirm the accuracy and robustness of our results. 197 genetic variants with genome-wide significance (P < 5 × 10 − 8) associated with 26 circulating cytokines were used as IVs. It was clear from the validation analysis that none of the 26 circulating inflammatory cytokines was associated with Hodgkin lymphoma risk. Our study systematically assesses the effect of circulating cytokines on Hodgkin lymphoma risk, and inflammatory cytokines are not associated with Hodgkin lymphoma risk. However, the exact underlying biological mechanism warrants further investigation.
Magneto-optical assessment of Plasmodium parasite growth via hemozoin crystal size
Authors: Orbán Ágnes , Schumacher Jan-Jonas , Mucza Szilvia , Strinic Ana , Molnár Petra , Babai Réka , Halbritter András , Vértessy Beáta G. , Karl Stephan , Krohns Stephan , Kézsmárki István 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Hemozoin is a natural biomarker formed during the hemoglobin metabolism of Plasmodiumparasites, the causative agents of malaria. The rotating-crystal magneto-optical detection (RMOD) has been developed for its rapid and sensitive detection both in cell cultures and patient samples. In the current article we demonstrate that, besides quantifying the overall concentration of hemozoin produced by the parasites, RMOD can also track the size distribution of the hemozoin crystals. We establish the relations between the magneto-optical signal, the mean parasite age and the median crystal size throughout one erythrocytic cycle of Plasmodium falciparum parasites, where the latter two are determined by optical and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. The significant correlation between the magneto-optical signal and the stage distribution of the parasites indicates that the RMOD method can be utilized for species-specific malaria diagnosis and for the quick assessment of drug efficacy.
Assessment of Cognitive Impairment and Decision Support in Cancer Treatment: cross- sectional observational study
Authors: Hirai Kei , Yamamura Asayo , Suzuki Nanami , Ogawa Asao 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
This study aims to explore decision-making processes in cancer treatment in Japan. We investigated the percentage of patients who can make decisions, the rate of implementation of decision-making support actions, and the activities that contribute to decision-making.
Methods
The survey participants were 555 cancer patients (mean age 63.34 years, standard deviation, 12.76). The investigator observed the survey process in the actual examination room.
Results
The results of this study clarify the understanding of decision-making among cancer patients. Furthermore, it was found that doctors’ and nurses’ rates of implementation of supportive behaviors differed. In addition to supportive behaviors, patients’ ages were related to the decision-making process.
Conclusion
From these facts, it is more important for older adults to support more specific decision making. Doctors and nurses should divide roles and contribute to patient decision-making support in the medical field. Furthermore, they should endeavor to communicate according to patients’ personal values and dispositions.
Prediction of postoperative disability in patients with degenerative diseases of the lumbar spine using preoperative psychological factors
Authors: miki takahiro , samukawa mina , Higuchi Daisuke , Kondo Yu , Watanabe Yuta , Takebayashi Tsuneo , Ishida Tomoya , kasahara satoshi , Tohyama Harukazu 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Lumbar degenerative disease has become more common, and surgery is performed in severe cases. However, some patients have residual disabilities. Although psychological factors are the most studied predictors of disability after lumbar spine surgery, it is unclear which factors strongly influence them. Thus, this study aimed to examine multidimensional factors that predict disability in patients postoperatively.
Methods
This was a retrospective longitudinal study. We collected data on pain intensity, disability, and psychosocial factors a day before surgery. In addition, pain intensity and disability were assessed for the same participants more than 1 year after surgery. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis was used to analyze the preoperative factors associated with the degree of disability in participants at postoperative lumbar surgery. The dependent variable was the Roland Morris disability questionnaire score postoperatively. The independent variables were the preoperative Roland Morris disability questionnaire scores in step 1; the participant's characteristics (age and sex) and numerical rating scale in step 2; Pain Catastrophizing Scale, Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scales as step 3; and the interaction of age with the other variables was added in step 4.
Results
There were 176 participants in this study. The preoperative Roland Morris disability questionnaire scores (B = 0.140; p < 0.05), age (B = 0.059; p < 0.05), Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (B=-0.107; p < 0.05) and preoperative Roland Morris disability questionnaire scores with age interaction (B = 0.014; p < 0.01) were significantly related to disability. The explanatory power was 26.7%.
Conclusions
This study showed that the preoperative fear of movement was the strongest predictor of postoperative disability after surgery for degenerative diseases of the lumbar spine.
Modeling of Thermal Stress and Control for steam turbine
Authors: Wang Wei , Dong Chao , Sun Yongjian 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In this paper, the method of system identification and predictive control is used to control the stress of steam turbine rotor. Firstly, the three-dimensional model of turbine rotor is established by using finite element simulation software, and then the results are identified by using ANSYS finite element analysis software. The transfer function is obtained. Firstly, the temperature model is identified with an accuracy of 99.73%, and then the stress model is identified with an accuracy of 98.2% $. Then the transfer function is discretized, and the data is input into the discrete transfer function to verify the accuracy of system identification. After the accurate verification of the transfer function, the transfer function is transformed into the dynamic matrix control model, and then the stress feedback controller is designed to realize the model predictive control (MPC) of the rotor stress. At the same time, the output response of the system before and after the addition of the controller is compared. Finally, the rationality of the control model is verified. Future work will concentrate on more complex working conditions.
Impact of Adrenomedullin on Mitochondrial Respiratory Capacity in Human Adipocyte
Authors: Dong Yuanlin , Vipin Vidyadharan Alukkal , Blesson Chellakkan Selvanesan , Yallampalli Chandrasekhar 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
For metabolic homeostasis adequate mitochondrial function in adipocytes is essential. Our previous observation showed that circulating levels of adrenomedullin (ADM) and mRNA and protein for ADM in omental adipose tissue were higher in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) compared with normal pregnancy, and these alterations are accompanied by glucose and lipid metabolic dysregulation, but the impact of ADM on mitochondrial biogenesis and respiration in human adipocyte remain elusive. In this study we demonstrated that: (1) Increasing doses of glucose and ADM inhibit human adipocyte mRNA expressions of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)-encoded subunits of electron transport chain (ETC), including nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenase (ND) 1 and 2, cytochrome (CYT) b, as well as ATPase 6; (2) ADM significantly increases human adipocyte mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and this increase is reversed by ADM antagonist, ADM22-52, but does not significantly affect adipocyte mitochondrial contents; (3) Adipocyte basal and maximal oxygen consumption rate (OCR) are dose-dependently suppressed by ADM, and results in impaired mitochondrial respiratory capacity. We conclude that elevatedADM observed in diabetic pregnancy may be involved in glucose and lipid dysregulation through compromising adipocyte mitochondrial function, and blockade of ADM actions in adipocytes may improve GDM-related metabolic complications.