bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characteristics of changes in the coronary arteries in patients with acute coronary syndrome on the background of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Menshikova I. G. , Magalyas E. V. , Sklyar I. V. 
Published: April 2023

Aim. Study of the nature and characteristics of changes in the coronary bed in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Materials and methods. The study included 85 patients with ACS: group 1 included 47 patients with ACS and COPD, group 2 included 38 patients with ACS. All patients underwent a comprehensive clinical, instrumental and laboratory examination.Results. In the majority of patients of group 1 (76.6%), two- and three-vessel lesions of the coronary bed were revealed, and arterial stenoses were multiple, located mainly in the middle and distal parts of the arteries. In (76.3%) patients of the 2nd group, one- and two-vessel lesions of the coronary bed with localization of stenoses mainly in the proximal and middle segment of the coronary arteries (CA) were revealed. The total number of stenosis and hemodynamically significant stenosis was higher in group 1 compared to group 2 (p=0.01). Extended stenoses were more common in group 1 patients (p=0.04). Damage to the CA of the 2nd order was also higher in the 1st group of patients (p=0.01). The 1st group was divided into two subgroups: 1A (26 people) − patients with COPD of moderate severity and 1B (21 people) − patients with severe COPD. In patients of subgroup 1B, a more significant lesion of the coronary bed was noted due to an increase in the total number of stenoses (p=0.02), hemodynamically significant stenoses (p=0.01), localized in the proximal (p=0.04) and distal (p=0.02) segments of the coronary artery, in the branches of the 2nd order (p=0.02), as well as occlusions and critical stenoses of the coronary artery (p=0.02).Conclusion. The severity of COPD in patients with ACS significantly affects the number of hemodynamically significant proximal and distal stenoses, as well as branches of the second order coronary arteries, which reduces the effectiveness of surgical treatment and worsens the prognosis of patients with comorbidities.
Impact of correction of homocisteinemia on clinical outcomes of lung damage associated with COVID-19 coronavirus infection
Authors: Tseimakh I. Ya. , Bogachev D. E. , Kostuchenko G. I. , Mamaev A. N. , Kornilova T. A. , Shemyakina I. S. , Tseimakh A. E. , Shoikhet Ya. N. 
Published: April 2023

Aim. To assess the effect of serum homocysteine levels on treatment outcomes in patients with COVID19-associated lung damage, depending on the use of folic acid in complex treatment.Materials and methods. An open, prospective comparative study included 71 hospitalized adult patients with COVID-19-associated lung disease who did not require mechanical ventilation. The main group included 51 patients who received folic acid 15 mg per day in a complex treatment in a fixed combination with pyridoxine hydrochloride and cyanocobalamin. The comparison group included 20 patients in whose therapy folic acid was not used.Results. The use of folic acid was accompanied by a decrease in serum homocysteine concentration by 2.120 (-0.230; 3.680) µmol/L (p=0.004). When constructing a logistic regression model, the effect of a decrease in serum homocysteine (OR 1.289; 95% CI 1.026‒1.620; p=0.029), methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase MTHFR C677T genotype (OR 10.897; 95% CI 1.240‒95.772; p=0.031) on the achievement of 7th day of hospitalization, the cessation of isolation of SARS-CoV-2 virus RNA from the respiratory tract. Multiple linear regression analysis showed an association between the duration of hypoxemic respiratory failure, determined with SaO2≤93%, with the degree of change in serum homocysteine concentration after treatment, single nucleotide polymorphisms of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase MTHFR C677T, methionine synthase MTR A2756G and methionine synthase reductase MTRR A66G, initial volume of lung damage ≥50% according to CT data, indicators of D-dimers, C-reactive protein, hemoglobin, platelets, concomitant hypertension, diabetes mellitus (R=0.699; R2=0.489; p=0.005).Conclusion. The dynamics of the decrease in serum homocysteine after treatment is an important predictor of the cessation of isolation from the respiratory tract of the SARS-CoV-2 virus RNA on the 7th day of treatment, reducing the duration of hypoxemic respiratory failure in patients with lung damage associated with COVID-19 infection.
Peculiarities of phospholipiid changes in erythrocyte membranes in parturient women with COVID-19-associated community-acquired pneumonia
Authors: Ishutina N. A. , Аndrievskaya I. A. , Sinyakin I. A. 
Published: April 2023

Aim. To evaluate the phospholipid composition of erythrocyte membranes in parturient women who had COVID-19-associated community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in the third trimester.Materials and methods. The material for the study was erythrocytes of peripheral blood of 65 parturient women diagnosed with COVID-19, moderate/severe course, CAP of viral etiology (main group). Patients of the main group, depending on the severity of CAP, were divided into two subgroups: subgroup 1 – moderate course of pneumonia (n=33), subgroup 2 – severe course of pneumonia (n=32). The control group consisted of 35 healthy parturient women. The quantitative composition of phospholipids was studied by two-dimensional thin-layer chromatography according to Kirchner.Results. In subgroup 1, the concentration of phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine in erythrocyte membranes was below the standard values by 38% and 29%, respectively (p<0.001), in subgroup 2, these indicators decreased by 32% and 48%, respectively (p<0.001). At the same time, a significant increase in the concentration of lysophosphatidylcholine was found in patients of subgroup 1 by 92% (p<0.001) and in patients of subgroup 2 by 110% (p<0.001), compared with the group of healthy individuals. In addition, structural changes in the lipid bilayer of erythrocyte membranes under conditions of COVID-19associated CAP were characterized by a pronounced increase in the concentration of minor fractions of phospholipids: phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylinositol in subgroup 1 by 63% and 53%, respectively (p<0.001), in subgroup 2 by 79% and 68%, respectively (p<0.001), compared with similar indicators in the control group.Conclusion. With COVID19-associated CAP in maternity women, structural disorganization of the phospholipid components of erythrocyte membranes is determined, manifested by a decrease in the concentration of phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine with a simultaneous increase in the level of lysophosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylinositol. These disorders increase with increasing severity of pulmonary inflammation. The revealed changes in the lipid spectrum of peripheral blood and the composition of erythrocyte membrane phospholipids in COVID-19-associated CAP indicate the need to develop methods for their correction.
The Relationship between Dickkopf-Related Protein-1 (DKK-1) Plasma Levels and Impaired Cognitive Function in HIV Patients
Authors: Trisna Yulia , Yuliarni Syafrita  , Restu Susanti  
Published: April 2023

Background: Dickkopf-related protein – 1 (DKK-1) is an antagonist protein to the Wingless (Wnt)-β catenin signal. Dysregulation of Wnt-β catenin signaling by DKK-1 causes disruption of neuronal synapses, which can result in impaired cognitive function. Impaired cognitive function in people with HIV or HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) is a spectrum of cognitive disorders related to HIV neuroinvasion and neuroinflammation, which significantly results in impaired cognitive function and daily activity. This study aimed to assess the relationship between plasma DKK-1 levels and impaired cognitive function in HIV patients.
Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design, consisting of 84 HIV sufferers who went to the voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) polyclinic at Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital, Padang, Indonesia, in the period December 2022 - March 2023, who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Cognitive function was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Indonesian version (MoCa-Ina), and daily activity function using the instrumental activity of daily living (IADL) examination. Plasma DKK-1 levels were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method.
Results: The mean plasma DKK-1 level of HIV sufferers was 358.4 (+ 157.6) pg/mL. ANI type disorder was found in 78.6%, MND in 21.4%, and no HAD type. There was a significant relationship between plasma DKK-1 levels and impaired cognitive function in HIV patients (OR = 2.82, CI95% = 1.128-7.043, p = 0.025), but there was no significant difference in plasma DKK-1 levels between types of cognitive impairment ANI and MND (p = 0.858).
Conclusion: Plasma DKK-1 levels are significantly associated with impaired cognitive function in HIV patients.
The Hot Main Kuiper Belt Size Distribution from OSSOS
Authors: Petit Jean-Marc , Gladman Brett , Kavelaars J. J. , Bannister Michele T. , Alexandersen Mike , Volk Kathryn , Chen Ying-Tung 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Using the absolute detection calibration and abundant detections of the Outer Solar System Origins Survey project, we provide population measurements for the main Kuiper Belt. For absolute magnitude H

r
< 8.3, there are 30,000 nonresonant main-belt objects, with twice as many hot-component objects than cold, and with total mass of 0.014 M
⊕, only one-seventh of which is in the cold belt (assuming a cold-object albedo about half that of hot-component objects). We show that trans-Neptunian objects with 5.5 < H

r
< 8.3 (rough diameters 400–100 km) have indistinguishable absolute magnitude (size) distributions, regardless of being in the cold classical Kuiper Belt (thought to be primordial) or the “hot” population (believed to be implanted after having been formed elsewhere). We discuss how this result was not apparent in previous examinations of the size distribution due to the complications of fitting assumed power-law functional forms to the detections at differing depths. This shared size distribution is surprising in light of the common paradigm that the hot-population planetesimals formed in a higher density environment much closer to the Sun, in an environment that also (probably later) formed larger (dwarf planet and bigger) objects. If this paradigm is correct, our result implies that planetesimal formation was relatively insensitive to the local disk conditions and that the subsequent planet-building process in the hot population did not modify the shape of the planetesimal size distribution in this 50–300 km range.
The Empirical Limits of Gyrochronology
Authors: Bouma Luke G. , Palumbo Elsa K. , Hillenbrand Lynne A. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The promise of gyrochronology is that, given a star’s rotation period and mass, its age can be inferred. The reality of gyrochronology is complicated by effects other than ordinary magnetized braking that alter stellar rotation periods. In this work, we present an interpolation-based gyrochronology framework that reproduces the time- and mass-dependent spin-down rates implied by the latest open cluster data, while also matching the rate at which the dispersion in initial stellar rotation periods decreases as stars age. We validate our technique for stars with temperatures of 3800–6200 K and ages of 0.08–2.6 gigayears (Gyr), and use it to reexamine the empirical limits of gyrochronology. In line with previous work, we find that the uncertainty floor varies strongly with both stellar mass and age. For Sun-like stars (≈5800 K), the statistical age uncertainties improve monotonically from ±38% at 0.2 Gyr to ±12% at 2 Gyr, and are caused by the empirical scatter of the cluster rotation sequences combined with the rate of stellar spin-down. For low-mass K dwarfs (≈4200 K), the posteriors are highly asymmetric due to stalled spin-down, and ±1σ age uncertainties vary non-monotonically between 10% and 50% over the first few gigayears. High-mass K dwarfs (5000 K) older than ≈1.5 Gyr yield the most precise ages, with limiting uncertainties currently set by possible changes in the spin-down rate (12% systematic), the calibration of the absolute age scale (8% systematic), and the width of the slow sequence (4% statistical). An open-source implementation, gyro-interp, is available online at github.com/lgbouma/gyro-interp.
A new synonym of a species of Stachyotropha Stål, 1871, a genus of Asian Stenopodainae (Hemiptera, Heteroptera, Reduviidae)
Authors: Okuda Kyosuke , Chen Zhuo 
Published: April 2023

Stachyotropha Stål, 1871 (Reduviidae, Stenopodainae) currently includes only two species: S. punctifera Stål, 1871 and S. miyamotoi Hidaka & Miller, 1959 only recorded from East Asia.
This study reviews the genus Stachyotropha Stål, 1871 and its two described species. Based on the examination of the type specimens and the original descriptions, S. miyamotoi Hidaka & Miller, 1959 is regarded as a junior synonym of S. punctifera. Further, we briefly discuss the distribution and biology of S. punctifera.
Uncommon Association between Crohn’s Disease and Takayasu Arteritis with Ostial Left Main Disease
Authors: Elsayed Mohammed Adel , Al Jarallah Mohammed , Dashti Raja , Mousa Ahmed Said Taha , Al-Rushaidan Sulaiman Abdulrazzaq Sulaiman , Rajan Rajesh 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Crohn’s disease (CD) and Takayasu arteritis (TA) are distinct clinical entities. The likelihood of both diseases coexisting is low, and although CD co-occurs with all types of vasculitis, TA is the most common subtype. Herein, we report the case of a 31-year-old female who was diagnosed with TA following an initial diagnosis of CD. Coronary angiography revealed subtotal ostial left main stenosis and chronic total occlusion of the right coronary artery with collaterals from the left system. An urgent coronary artery bypass graft was planned.
Modified work–rest schedule of the handloom weavers
Authors: Durlov Santu , Gangopadhyay Somnath , Sahu Subhashis 
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND:
A sustainable work schedule is created by employing proper work and recuperation cycles, as well as balancing high- and low-effort tasks. The work of the handloom weaver was physically and mentally taxing. However, they do not take breaks and work nonstop. Short breaks are good for both physical work and job-related mental and cognitive stress. Therefore, a quick break is used as an intervention.

METHODS:
Participants in this study included 100 handloom weavers. A modified work–rest plan consists of 50 min of labor and 10 min of rest per hour. To order to calculate Brouha's index, recovery heart rate data were collected after work for 3 min while the participant was seated. Using the flicker-fusion frequency test, visual tiredness was assessed.

RESULTS:
A newly developed work–rest cycle lessens tiredness and becomes more effective over time. The newly created work–rest plan for the handloom weavers dramatically reduces perceived exertion and energy expenditure.

CONCLUSION:
The modified work–rest schedule decreased cardiovascular and mental stress. This work–rest schedule will therefore reduce fatigue and help with the work if it is used in this sector.
Clinician's Perspective on Neuropathic Pain and Use of Lidocaine 5% Patch with Hydrogel Technology in Postherpetic Neuralgia
Authors: Kothari Kailash , Munshi Shirazahmed A. , Raj Manish , Deshmukh Prakash Rajendra , Ranade Manjiri Neelesh , Nevagi Venkatesh 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Neuropathic pain (NP) is a condition that affects the quality of life (QoL) of many patients. It is often difficult to treat effectively due to the complexity of this disorder. This study was aimed to assess clinician's perspectives on NP, particularly for postherpetic neuralgia (PHN), posttraumatic neuralgia (PTN), and painful diabetic neuropathy (PDN). Further, the study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of lidocaine 5% patch with hydrogel technology in PHN.

Materials and Methods:
These two aspects were assessed through two prospective survey-based questionnaire studies that were conducted from January 2018 to December 2018 with clinicians from relevant specialties across India. Data were collected from clinicians' inputs based on their clinical practice and statistically analyzed.

Results:
More than half of the clinicians reported prolonged duration of NP in PHN, PTN, and PDN conditions. After applying lidocaine 5% patch with hydrogel technology, around 83.58% of clinicians opined that patients experienced a cooling and soothing effect due to the presence of a hydrogel layer in the patch. A significant reduction in pain score was reported by 76.11% of clinicians and 79.1% of them agreed that there was pain relief during the intermittent patch-free period also. The majority of the doctors (74.6%) reported an absence of any side effects.

Conclusion:
Study findings revealed that topical application of lidocaine 5% patch with hydrogel technology is safe and effective in PHN.
Evaluation of Effectiveness of Dry Needling in the Treatment of Chronic Low Back Pain
Authors: Deshpande Archana Niteen , Lawange Suneeta Ashok 
Published: April 2023

Aim:
The aim of the study was to analyze the effectiveness of dry needling (DN) in the management of chronic low back pain (LBP).

Materials and Methods:
Forty patients with chronic LBP (CLBP) (already treated with analgesics and physiotherapy by other clinicians) with myofascial trigger points were given five sessions of DN for 20 min each on every 3rd day. The effect on pain intensity, range of motion (ROM), and disability was observed with the help of numerical rating score (NRS), ROM score, and Owestry Disability Index respectively at 1, 4, and 12 weeks interval.

Results:
The NRS decreased from a mean of 7.39 to 3.68 at the end of 4 weeks and then 2.32 by 12 weeks showing a significant relief in the pain intensity. The ROM improved from the mean of 4.95 to 2.38 at 4 weeks and to 1.34 by 12 weeks. The mean Oswestry disability index was 38.95 before the treatment and significantly reduced to 17.70 after 12 weeks. The use of paracetamol and hot fomentation was very minimal in the majority of patients.

Conclusion:
DN is an effective intervention for the management of chronic LBP with myofascial component up to 12 weeks, irrespective of age or gender after the red flags ruled out.
Morphometric Analysis of Normal and Variant Anatomy of Posterior Cerebral Artery and the Incidence of Fetal Posterior Cerebral Artery in Uttar Pradesh Region
Authors: Pankaj Arvind Kumar , Sangma Sarah Sko , Chopra Jyoti , Sehgal Garima 
Published: April 2023

Introduction:
The aim is to study morphometric analysis of normal and variant anatomy of posterior cerebral artery (PCA) and incidence of fetal PCA (FPCA) in Uttar Pradesh region. The PCA and its cortical branches supply blood to the occipital lobe, inferomedial temporal lobe, and portions of posterior inferior parietal lobe. Fetal-type PCA is a common anatomic variation of PCA that is closely associated with intracranial aneurysm. The present study provides the description of PCA regarding its normal morphology, morphometry, and variations in Uttar Pradesh region.

Material and Methods:
The study evaluated 100 computed tomography angiograms.

Results:
Among arteries that displayed normal anatomy, mean diameter of PCA was observed to be 4.29 ± 0.74 mm on the right side and 2.47 ± 0.74 mm on the left side. Mean diameter in males and in females was found to be 2.48 ± 0.73 mm and 2.47 ± 0.74 mm, respectively. In 56.5% of cases, the diameters of P1 segment of PCAs ranged from 2.1 to 3 mm whereas >3 mm diameter was observed in 18.5% cases. Nineteen percent cases showed 1.1–2 mm. In 6% cases, hypoplasia (≤1 mm) of PCA was observed. FPCA was observed in 26% cases. Unilateral observed in 17% cases and bilateral in 9% cases and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.000).

Discussion and Conclusion:
Anomalies of PCA may assume considerable significance in surgeries of head and neck, which require ligation of internal carotid and common carotid artery. Awareness of these anatomical variations described shall prove to be useful for any cerebrovascular procedures.
Morphologic and Morphometric Evaluation of the Carotid Artery Wall
Authors: Nakkas Hilal , Celikkan Ferda Topal , Apaydın Nihal , Evirgen Oya 
Published: April 2023

Introduction:
A variety of changes occur on the elastic artery wall with age. Ultrastructural studies made in this area are mostly animal based. We aimed to evaluate wall changes and three-dimensional organization of the elastic lamellae with aging in humans.

Material and Methods:
Common carotid arteries were obtained from 17 human cadavers which were grouped as G1 (n = 6), 30–39 years; G2 (n = 5), 40–49 years; and G3 (n = 6), >50 years of age. Samples were evaluated under light and scanning electron microscopes.

Results:
Examination of G1 revealed intimal thickening and foamy cell infiltration. G2 and G3 had plaques bulging into the lumen and interlamellar space was widened. The lamellae were more straight. There was a positive correlation between intimal thickness and age. Elastic fiber content decreased with aging. Scanning electron microscopic analysis confirmed the findings. G1 and G2 had a smooth surfaced internal elastic lamina with uniform fenestrations whereas G3 contained numerous irregular fenestrae.

Discussion and Conclusion:
With this study, we showed some other wall structure changes beside plaque formation by aging. Which layer is affected the most was not clear at previous clinical studies because using ultrasonography (USG) cannot address the layer. Microscopic evaluation of this study revealed that when a wall thickening is detected by USG, it is due to intimal thickening. The specific vessel layer structural changes are important for proper treatment.
Anthropometric Parameters of Idiopathic Familial Short Stature Females and Its Correlation with Height and Comparison with the Control Group
Authors: Sharma Karishma , Chandra Rishita , Singh Brijendra , Mani Yadav Shashi Ranjan , Naithani Manisha , Kishore Surekha , Mishra Vivek , Mohan Kriti , Verma Prashant Kumar 
Published: April 2023

Introduction:
Familial Short stature is considered one of the most common causes of Short Stature along with the constitutional delay in growth and puberty (CDGP) from which it can easily be distinguish. The core parameters of anthropometry represent diagnostic criteria for obesity and other non-communicable diseases. To measure the anthropometric parameters in the patients with idiopathic clinically non-syndromic familial short-stature and to correlate those parameters with their height and compare them with the control group.

Material and Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted among Familial Short Stature females of 5-18 years age group referred from Paediatric and Genetic OPD of AIIMS, Rishkesh. Non-parametric tests were applied for comparing the variables and correlation coefficients were obtained. Results: There was a significant difference between the groups in terms of Standing Height (cm) (W = 376.000, P = <0.001), BMI (Kg/m2) (W = 1128.500, P = 0.002), with the median BMI (Kg/m2) and Waist/Height Ratio (W = 1164.500, P = <0.001), with the median Waist/Height Ratio being highest in the Short-Stature group. There was moderate to strong positive correlation between standing height and other anthropometric parameters. The mean waist to height ratio of 0.6 among short stature and 0.5 among the control group, with short stature having more odds of getting overweight and also shows a greater predilection of short-stature group for developing Cardio-vascular diseases.

Discussion and Conclusion:
Familial short stature though being a manifestation of some underlying cause, can fall in a non-syndromic group until further studies including karyotyping, next-generation sequencing etc. Extensive research for appropriate categorization and how this can effectively help combat the burden of malnutrition and non-communicable diseases should be done.