bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Eco-friendly cellulose-based hydrogels derived from wastepapers as a controlled-release fertilizer
Authors: Ahmad Dayang Fazirah Binyi Abg , Wasli Mohd Effendi , Tan Cindy Soo Yun , Musa Zaki , Chin Suk-Fun 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this study, an eco-friendly controlled release fertilizer cellulose-based hydrogel was prepared from cellulose fibers derived from wastepaper, epichlorohydrin (ECH) as a crosslinker and carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC) as a gelling agent. A maximum swelling capacity of 2000% was achieved for cellulose hydrogel with optimum composition. The soil moisture contents in the presence of optimized cellulose hydrogels were determined using the digital moisture meter. Maximum soil moisture of 36.5% was obtained in topsoil, followed by 30.1% in wet clayey soil and 23.4% in sandy soil after 7 days. Urea as a model fertilizer was loaded onto the cellulose hydrogels to control the release of fertilizer. The maximum loading capacity of urea in cellulose hydrogel is 0.51 g/g. The urea-controlled release profiles of the cellulose hydrogel in distilled water and various types of soils were investigated. The formulation of cellulose hydrogels was observed to facilitate the gradual release of urea, with about 74.71% release in topsoil, 73.37% release in wet clayey soil and 71.84% release in sandy soil within 42 days when compared to the free urea which was about 97.32%, 95.09% and 98.47% release in topsoil, wet clayey soils and sandy soils, respectively within 7 days. The result of this study shows that the urea-loaded cellulose hydrogel could be a promising controlled-release fertilizer.Graphical Abstract
Effectiveness of digital educational game and game design in STEM learning: a meta-analytic review
Authors: Gui Yang , Cai Zhihui , Yang Yajiao , Kong Lingyuan , Fan Xitao , Tai Robert H. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDigital educational games exhibit substantial promise in advancing STEM education. Nevertheless, the empirical evidence on both the efficacy of digital game-based learning and its designs in STEM education is characterized by notable inconsistencies. Therefore, the current study aimed to investigate (1) the general effect of digital game-based STEM learning over STEM learning without digital game, and (2) the enhancement effect of added game-design elements against base game versions in STEM learning. Two meta-analyses were conducted in this study. Based on the 136 effect sizes extracted from 86 studies, the first meta-analysis revealed a medium to large general effect of digital game-based STEM learning over conventional STEM learning (g = 0.624, 95% CI [0.457, 0.790]). In addition, digital game-based STEM learning appeared to be differentially effective for different learning outcome, different types of game, and different subject. A total of 44 primary studies and 81 effect sizes were identified in the second meta-analysis. The results revealed a small to medium enhancement effect of added game-design elements over base game versions (g = 0.301, 95% CI [0.163, 0.438]). Furthermore, our results indicated that the game-design elements added for content learning were more effective than those added for gaming experience. Possible explanations for these findings, as well as the limitations and directions for future research were discussed.
Time–frequency multiresolution of fault-generated transient signals in transmission lines using a morphological filter
Authors: Quispe Juan Carlos , Morales John , Orduna Eduardo , Liebermann Carlo , Bruhns Michael , Schegner Peter 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe ongoing transformation of electrical power systems highlights the weaknesses of the protection schemes of traditional devices because they are designed and configured according to traditional characteristics of the system. Therefore, this work proposes a new methodology to study the fault-generated high frequency transient signals in transmission lines through multiresolution analysis. The high frequency components are determined by a new digital filtering technique based on mathematical morphology theory and a spectral energy index. Consequently, wide spectra of signals in the time–frequency domain are obtained. The performance of this method is verified on an electrical power system modeled in ATP-Draw, where simulation and test signals are developed for different locations, fault resistances, inception angles, high frequency noises, sampling frequencies, types of faults, and shapes of the structuring element. The results show the characteristics of the fault such as the traveling wave frequency, location, and starting time.
Drug release kinetics of capsule shells from seaweed carrageenan extract (Eucheuma cottonii) and potato starch as a gelling agent
Authors: Erawati Emi , Hamid Hamid , Musthofa Malik , Fatoni Rois , Nurwaini Setyo , Rahmah Anisa Ur , Setiawan Panji Rasma 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Capsules are created to put a drug or active pharmaceutical ingredient in an elegant, odorless, tasteless, easy-to-swallow and to-fill shell commonly produced from gelatin. Therefore, carrageenan is one of the other natural ingredients that can replace gelatin. This study aims to make capsule shells from carrageenan seaweed (Eucheuma cottonii) with variations in carrageenan composition and temperature using potato starch as a gelling agent with the addition of PEG as a plasticizer and to determine the kinetics model of the drug release system from the capsules that have been made.

Results
In the research there are two variations namely composition and temperature. The capsule shell dissolution test results were calculated using kinetic models of order 0, order 1, Higuchi, and Korsmeyer-Peppas. The result on zero order is that at the C composition and temperature 55 ºC variations obtained the reaction rate constant (k) are 1.05 and 1.27 min respectively. While in first order obtained the reaction rate constant of 4.59 × 10–2 and 2.06 × 10−2 min−1 respectively at variations in capsule D composition and temperature of 60ºC. In the Higuchi model, the correlation coefficient for composition variation is better than temperature variation of 0.92. In the Korsmeyyer-Peppas model, the value of reaction rate constant (k) at composition C and temperature of 55 ºC variations are 1.41 × 10–2 and 9.49 × 10−3 min−n.

Conclusions
The Korsmeyyer–Peppas kinetic model is suitable for illustrating the drug release kinetics of capsule shells from seaweed carrageenan extract (Eucheuma cottonii) and potato starch as a gelling agent.
Concrete–filled steel tube truss girders—a state-of-the-art review
Authors: Joseph Jane Regita , Henderson Jane Helena 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSteel–concrete composite construction is practised worldwide due to the strength and stiffness achieved with minimum use of materials. Among the various forms of steel–concrete composite construction in practice, concrete–filled tube (CFT) and specifically concrete–filled steel tube (CFST) is a well-received system. Concrete–filled steel tube (CFST) system comprises of an infill concrete core that withstands loading and prevents local buckling and steel at the outer circumference to effectively resist bending. Owing to the benefits of CFST in buildings viz., strength, ductility, constructability, and aesthetics, its usage has been extended to bridges in recent years. One such adaptation is CFST truss girders, where the concrete infill increases the compressive strength of the top chord and the tensile strength of the bottom chord preventing buckling and pinching action respectively. Since design methods for CFST composite girders are not yet established in detail, the use of CFSTs in girder bridge systems is limited. So far, the responses of this system have been studied under static and dynamic loading both experimentally and analytically. This paper collectively presents the behavior of such CFST truss girders with special emphasis on truss bridge girders based on the extensive research activities carried out in the last two decades. Potential areas of research in the future are also identified and summarized.
Rabies in a postpandemic world: resilient reservoirs, redoubtable riposte, recurrent roadblocks, and resolute recidivism
Authors: Rupprecht Charles E. , Mshelbwala Philip P. , Reeves R. Guy , Kuzmin Ivan V. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractRabies is an ancient disease. Two centuries since Pasteur, fundamental progress occurred in virology, vaccinology, and diagnostics—and an understanding of pathobiology and epizootiology of rabies in testament to One Health—before common terminological coinage. Prevention, control, selective elimination, and even the unthinkable—occasional treatment—of this zoonosis dawned by the twenty-first century. However, in contrast to smallpox and rinderpest, eradication is a wishful misnomer applied to rabies, particularly post-COVID-19 pandemic. Reasons are minion. Polyhostality encompasses bats and mesocarnivores, but other mammals represent a diverse spectrum of potential hosts. While rabies virus is the classical member of the genus, other species of lyssaviruses also cause the disease. Some reservoirs remain cryptic. Although global, this viral encephalitis is untreatable and often ignored. As with other neglected diseases, laboratory-based surveillance falls short of the notifiable ideal, especially in lower- and middle-income countries. Calculation of actual burden defaults to a flux within broad health economic models. Competing priorities, lack of defined, long-term international donors, and shrinking local champions challenge human prophylaxis and mass dog vaccination toward targets of 2030 for even canine rabies impacts. For prevention, all licensed vaccines are delivered to the individual, whether parenteral or oral–essentially ‘one and done’. Exploiting mammalian social behaviors, future ‘spreadable vaccines’ might increase the proportion of immunized hosts per unit effort. However, the release of replication-competent, genetically modified organisms selectively engineered to spread intentionally throughout a population raises significant biological, ethical, and regulatory issues in need of broader, transdisciplinary discourse. How this rather curious idea will evolve toward actual unconventional prevention, control, or elimination in the near term remains debatable. In the interim, more precise terminology and realistic expectations serve as the norm for diverse, collective constituents to maintain progress in the field.
Deep time-recurrence features
Authors: Pham Tuan D. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In this study, the notion of recurrence in chaos and nonlinear dynamics is formulated as a new method for deep feature extraction from complex data. This feature type can enhance the learning power of a state-of-the-art approach in artificial intelligence using time series or sequential data. The deep time-recurrence features are derived using the fuzzy recurrence algorithm and the iterative procedure of convolution, non-linear transformation, and down-sampling. Experimental results obtained from using a public database of healthy and pathological voice signals show that the proposed features can significantly improve the classification performance of long short-term memory networks.
Autoimmune Diabetes From Childhood to Adulthood: The Role of Pancreatic Autoantibodies and HLA-DRB1 Genotype
Authors: Urrutia Inés , Martínez Rosa , Calvo Begona , Saso-Jiménez Laura , González Pedro , Fernández-Rubio Elsa , Martín-Nieto Alicia , Aguayo Anibal , Rica Itxaso , Gaztambide Sonia , Castano Luis 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Context
Autoimmune diabetes can develop at any age, but unlike early-onset diabetes, adult onset is less well documented. We aimed to compare, over a wide age range, the most reliable predictive biomarkers for this pathology: pancreatic-autoantibodies and HLA-DRB1 genotype.

Methods
A retrospective study of 802 patients with diabetes (aged 11 months to 66 years) was conducted. Pancreatic autoantibodies at diagnosis: insulin autoantibodies (IAA), glutamate decarboxylase autoantibodies (GADA), islet tyrosine phosphatase 2 autoantibodies (IA2A), and zinc transporter-8 autoantibodies (ZnT8A) and HLA-DRB1 genotype were analyzed.

Results
Compared with early-onset patients, adults had a lower frequency of multiple autoantibodies, with GADA being the most common. At early onset, IAA was the most frequent in those younger than 6 years and correlated inversely with age; GADA and ZnT8A correlated directly and IA2A remained stable.
The absence of HLA-DRB1 risk genotype was associated with higher age at diabetes onset (27.5 years; interquartile range [IQR], 14.3-35.7), whereas the high-risk HLA-DR3/DR4 was significantly more common at lower age (11.9 years; IQR, 7.1-21.6). ZnT8A was associated with DR4/non-DR3 (odds ratio [OR], 1.91; 95% CI, 1.15-3.17), GADA with DR3/non-DR4 (OR, 2.97; 95% CI, 1.55-5.71), and IA2A with DR4/non-DR3 and DR3/DR4 (OR, 3.89; 95% CI, 2.28-6.64, and OR, 3.08; 95% CI, 1.83-5.18, respectively). No association of IAA with HLA-DRB1 was found.

Conclusion
Autoimmunity and HLA-DRB1 genotype are age-dependent biomarkers. Adult-onset autoimmune diabetes is associated with lower genetic risk and lower immune response to pancreatic islet cells compared with early-onset diabetes.
New-Onset Diabetes After COVID-19
Authors: Kim Sun H , Arora Ipsa , Hsia Daniel S , Knowler William C , LeBlanc Erin , Mylonakis Eleftherios , Pratley Richard , Pittas Anastassios G 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
There is evidence suggesting that infection with SARS-CoV-2 can lead to several long-term sequelae including diabetes. This mini-review examines the rapidly evolving and conflicting literature on new-onset diabetes after COVID-19, which we term NODAC. We searched PubMed, MEDLINE, and medRxiv from inception until December 1, 2022, using Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms and free text words including “COVID-19,” “SARS-CoV-2,” “diabetes,” “hyperglycemia,” “insulin resistance,” and “pancreatic β-cell.” We also supplemented searches by examining reference lists from retrieved articles. Current evidence suggests that COVID-19 increases the risk of developing diabetes, but the attributable risk is uncertain because of limitations of study designs and the evolving nature of the pandemic, including new variants, widespread population exposure to the virus, diagnostic options for COVID-19, and vaccination status. The etiology of diabetes after COVID-19 is likely multifactorial and includes factors associated with host characteristics (eg, age), social determinants of health (eg, deprivation index), and pandemic-related effects both at the personal (eg, psychosocial stress) and the societal-community level (eg, containment measures). COVID-19 may have direct and indirect effects on pancreatic β-cell function and insulin sensitivity related to the acute infection and its treatment (eg, glucocorticoids); autoimmunity; persistent viral residency in multiple organs including adipose tissue; endothelial dysfunction; and hyperinflammatory state. While our understanding of NODAC continues to evolve, consideration should be given for diabetes to be classified as a post-COVID syndrome, in addition to traditional classifications of diabetes (eg, type 1 or type 2), so that the pathophysiology, natural history, and optimal management can be studied.
Estrogen and the Vascular Endothelium: The Unanswered Questions
Authors: SenthilKumar Gopika , Katunaric Boran , Bordas-Murphy Henry , Sarvaideo Jenna , Freed Julie K 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Premenopausal women have a lower incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) compared with their age-matched male counterparts; however, this discrepancy is abolished following the transition to menopause or during low estrogen states. This, combined with a large amount of basic and preclinical data indicating that estrogen is vasculoprotective, supports the concept that hormone therapy could improve cardiovascular health. However, clinical outcomes in individuals undergoing estrogen treatment have been highly variable, challenging the current paradigm regarding the role of estrogen in the fight against heart disease. Increased risk for CVD correlates with long-term oral contraceptive use, hormone replacement therapy in older, postmenopausal cisgender females, and gender affirmation treatment for transgender females. Vascular endothelial dysfunction serves as a nidus for the development of many cardiovascular diseases and is highly predictive of future CVD risk. Despite preclinical studies indicating that estrogen promotes a quiescent, functional endothelium, it still remains unclear why these observations do not translate to improved CVD outcomes. The goal of this review is to explore our current understanding of the effect of estrogen on the vasculature, with a focus on endothelial health. Following a discussion regarding the influence of estrogen on large and small artery function, critical knowledge gaps are identified. Finally, novel mechanisms and hypotheses are presented that may explain the lack of cardiovascular benefit in unique patient populations.
Current and Future Advances in Surgical Therapy for Pituitary Adenoma
Authors: Khan Danyal Z , Hanrahan John G , Baldeweg Stephanie E , Dorward Neil L , Stoyanov Danail , Marcus Hani J 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The vital physiological role of the pituitary gland, alongside its proximity to critical neurovascular structures, means that pituitary adenomas can cause significant morbidity or mortality. While enormous advancements have been made in the surgical care of pituitary adenomas, numerous challenges remain, such as treatment failure and recurrence. To meet these clinical challenges, there has been an enormous expansion of novel medical technologies (eg, endoscopy, advanced imaging, artificial intelligence). These innovations have the potential to benefit each step of the patient’s journey, and ultimately, drive improved outcomes.
Earlier and more accurate diagnosis addresses this in part. Analysis of novel patient data sets, such as automated facial analysis or natural language processing of medical records holds potential in achieving an earlier diagnosis. After diagnosis, treatment decision-making and planning will benefit from radiomics and multimodal machine learning models. Surgical safety and effectiveness will be transformed by smart simulation methods for trainees. Next-generation imaging techniques and augmented reality will enhance surgical planning and intraoperative navigation. Similarly, surgical abilities will be augmented by the future operative armamentarium, including advanced optical devices, smart instruments, and surgical robotics. Intraoperative support to surgical team members will benefit from a data science approach, utilizing machine learning analysis of operative videos to improve patient safety and orientate team members to a common workflow. Postoperatively, neural networks leveraging multimodal datasets will allow early detection of individuals at risk of complications and assist in the prediction of treatment failure, thus supporting patient-specific discharge and monitoring protocols.
While these advancements in pituitary surgery hold promise to enhance the quality of care, clinicians must be the gatekeepers of the translation of such technologies, ensuring systematic assessment of risk and benefit prior to clinical implementation. In doing so, the synergy between these innovations can be leveraged to drive improved outcomes for patients of the future.
Literature as Medium: The Development and Cultural Space of New Worker Literature
Authors: Picerni Federico 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Over the past few years, China's cultural landscape has seen the emergence of several authors from among its migrant laborers, or “new workers.” Fan Yusu and Xu Lizhi are the most representative. Their literary production, which draws on their personal experiences and tells their workplace stories, is an artistic configuration entirely different from both mass culture and high literature. This article analyzes the significance of this new worker literature from three perspectives. First, since the 1990s, new workers have been using the traditional medium of literature to speak with their own voices, which is particularly remarkable in the age of the internet. Second, workers’ culture spaces like the Picun Literature Group, from which Fan Yusu emerged, not only support ordinary laborers’ active interest in writing but also represent a specific cultural practice that has come into being in the post-Mao era. Third, the fact that a large number of new worker writers are “borrowing” from the language and style of 1980s literature generates a productive relation between the critical spirit of that literature and the alienating conditions under which the new workers labor. Although seen as marginal by many, new worker literature is of great cultural value for contemporary China.
Cik1 and Vik1 accessory proteins confer distinct functions to the kinesin-14 Kar3
Authors: Bergman Zane J. , Wong Jonathan J. , Drubin David G. , Barnes Georjana 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
The budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has a closed mitosis in which the mitotic spindle and the cytoplasmic microtubules (MTs), both of which generate forces to faithfully segregate chromosomes, remain separated by the nuclear envelope throughout the cell cycle. Kar3, the yeast kinesin-14, has distinct functions on MTs in each compartment. Here, we show that two proteins, Cik1 and Vik1, which form heterodimers with Kar3, regulate its localization and function within the cell, and along MTs in a cell cycle-dependent manner. Using a yeast MT dynamics reconstitution assay in lysates from cell cycle-synchronized cells, we found that Kar3-Vik1 induces MT catastrophes in S phase and metaphase, and limits MT polymerization in G1 and anaphase. In contrast, Kar3-Cik1 promotes catastrophes and pauses in G1, while increasing catastrophes in metaphase and anaphase. Adapting this assay to track MT motor protein motility, we observed that Cik1 is necessary for Kar3 to track MT plus-ends in S phase and metaphase but, surprisingly, not during anaphase. These experiments demonstrate how the binding partners of Kar3 modulate its diverse functions both spatially and temporally.
Divergence in cell cycle progression is associated with shifted phenology in a multivoltine moth: the European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis
Authors: Xia Qinwen , Chen Chao , Dopman Erik B. , Hahn Daniel A. 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
Evolutionary change in diapause timing can be an adaptive response to changing seasonality, and even result in ecological speciation. However, the molecular and cellular mechanisms regulating shifts in diapause timing remain poorly understood. One of the hallmarks of diapause is a massive slowdown in the cell cycle of target organs such as the brain and primordial imaginal structures, and resumption of cell cycle proliferation is an indication of diapause termination and resumption of development. Characterizing cell cycle parameters between lineages differing in diapause life history timing may help identify molecular mechanisms associated with alterations of diapause timing. We tested the extent to which progression of the cell cycle differs across diapause between two genetically distinct European corn borer strains that differ in their seasonal diapause timing. We show the cell cycle slows down during larval diapause with a significant decrease in the proportion of cells in S phase. Brain–subesophageal complex cells slow primarily in G0/G1 phase whereas most wing disc cells are in G2 phase. Diapausing larvae of the earlier emerging, bivoltine E-strain (BE) suppressed cell cycle progression less than the later emerging, univoltine Z-strain (UZ) individuals, with a greater proportion of cells in S phase across both tissues during diapause. Additionally, resumption of cell cycle proliferation occurred earlier in the BE strain than in the UZ strain after exposure to diapause-terminating conditions. We propose that regulation of cell cycle progression rates ultimately drives differences in larval diapause termination, and adult emergence timing, between early- and late-emerging European corn borer strains.