bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A novel image encryption scheme combing optical chaos scrambling, DNA diffusion strategy and MOPSO algorithm
Authors: Xiao Tao , Li Qiliang , Bai Haoruo 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
A secure encryption scheme, combining multi-objective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO), optical chaos, and DNA algorithm is proposed and demonstrated. In this paper, a secure encryption and decryption architecture based on optical chaotic synchronization system with injection-locking is analyzed. We prove that a main laser (ML) can drive two-pair secondary lasers (TPSLs) to generate the synchronized optical chaos with high complexity. The system employs the XOR operation between the Hash value of the initial image and optimized value by MOPSO, which modulates the bias current of ML, thus TPSLs are driven to generate two pair synchronized chaotic sequences, which combine the Hash value of the initial image to generate two keys through a certain algorithm. Furthermore, two keys are used to scramble the pixel positions of the image and diffuse image pixels through DNA rules, and then in receiving end, two same keys are used to unscramble and reversely diffusethe encrypted image. Besides modulating the bias current of ML, the other aim of MOPSO is to optimize the entropy of the encrypted image and the correlation between the adjacent pixels. In order to ensure the recovery of real image, we compute and compare the digest-message of two pair synchronized chaotic sequences by using Hash algorithm in two ends before transmitting the encrypted image over optical fiber link. By synchronizing with the lasers at the sending end, we obtained two same keys to decrypt the ciphertext image in the receiving end. The simulation results show that this scheme can achieve secure communication of image against various attacks by analyzing and testing the security of the encrypted image.
Shade canopy density variables in cocoa and coffee agroforestry systems
Authors: Somarriba Eduardo , Saj Stéphane , Orozco-Aguilar Luis , Somarriba Aurelio , Rapidel Bruno 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
An estimated 3.41 million hectares of cocoa and 8.08 million hectares of coffee are cultivated under shade trees i.e. in agroforestry systems. Shade canopies are usually characterized in terms of tree density (N, trees ha-1), tree basal area (G, m2 ha-1) and percent canopy cover (%C). This article shows that these variables have cross-compensation effects that reduce their capacity to inform on the shading conditions in the understory. Density and basal area are not directly related to canopy cover (and hence to shading) and need additional assumptions about both tree size and species-specific allometric relationships between stem diameter and crown diameter. This article explores the compensatory effects between these variables and uses simulations with the software ShadeMotion (www.shademotion.net) to show how 24 different, simple, even-sized, mono-layered, Cordia alliodora shade canopies with constant N, G and %C display significantly different shade levels and temporal patterns of shading depending on tree stem and crown diameters, tree height, spatial planting configurations (square, random and alleys) and leaf fall patterns. A minimum set of variables capable of providing a more informative description of the shading characteristics of a cocoa or coffee shade canopy is proposed. Findings in this study can shed light on the current, heated debate on the pros and cons of definitions of cocoa agroforestry used by chocolate companies, governments, certification companies, NGOs, and donors, especially in West and Central Africa. In this article, emphasis is given to cocoa, but the analysis, results and conclusions are equally applicable to coffee agroforestry systems.
Barriers to and facilitators of advance care planning implementation for medical staff after the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic: An overview of reviews
Authors: Inokuchi Ryota , Hanari Kyoko , Shimada Kensuke , Iwagami Masao , Sakamoto Ayaka , Sun Yu , Mayers Thomas , Sugiyama Takehiro , Tamiya Nanako 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackground:The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has impacted the capacity for advance care planning between patients, families, and healthcare teams. The barriers to and facilitators of advance care planning vary with settings. This study sought toidentify and review the barriers to and facilitators of advance care planning implementation for medical staff in different settings (e.g., hospitals, outpatients, care and nursing homes) during the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods:This study followed an overview of review design and was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (CRD42022351362).A search of MEDLINE, CENTRAL, Web of Science, and Embase databases was performed through November 14, 2022. AMSTAR 2 was used to assess the risk of bias.Results:The final analyses included seven studies. Common barriers to advance care planning implementation included visitation restrictions, limited resources and personnel, and lack of coordination among health professionals. In care and nursing homes, the lack of palliative care physicians and the psychological burden on staff were identified as barriers. Using telemedicine for information-sharing was a common facilitator. In hospitals, facilitators were short-term training in palliative care and palliative care physicians joining the acute care team; in care homes and nursing homes, they were advance care planning education and emotional support for staff.Conclusions:Although inadequate staff education regarding advance care planning in hospitals and facilities and the lack of community-level information-sharing have long been noted, the pandemic highlighted these issues. Short-term training programs for staff and immediate information-sharing could facilitate advance care planning.
Creating Santripreneurs: Empowerment of Jepara Santri in Entrepreneurship with 3D-Based Furniture Design Training
Authors: Abdullah Shodiq , Ratnawati Zulfa , Hadi Nor 
Published: March 2023

As technology developed, santri in Jepara started a furniture business with the skills gained when learning in Pesantren (Islamic boarding schools), studying (nyantrik) and training. This training aims to equip students with the skills to design 3D furniture to support their businesses. The training is carried out in two stages: 1) the preparation stage, selecting interested potential participants who have the motivation and potential to set up a furniture business; 2) the implementation stage with lecture, practice, question and answer methods and simulations. The results of the training show that; 1) Santri in Jepara is very interested in the furniture business, so they are excited and could learn 3D furniture design faster; 2) After attending the training, the students are able to: a) operate the SketchUp program and can make simple furniture designs, b) develop furniture designs with various shapes, and some have tried to make carving designs, c) have a great enthusiasm to develop expertise in the furniture business by self-learning through social media.
Metallopeptidases as Key Virulence Attributes of Clinically Relevant
Protozoa: New Discoveries, Perspectives, and Frontiers of Knowledge
Authors: dos Santos André Luis Souza , Tasca Tiana , Vargas Rigo Graziela , Gomes Cardoso Fernanda , Bongiorni Galego Giulia , da Rosa Deisiane Fernanda 
Published: March 2023

Abstract:
This article provides a comprehensive review of several subclasses of metallo-type peptidases
expressed by the main clinically relevant protozoa, including Plasmodium spp., Toxoplasma
gondii, Cryptosporidium spp., Leishmania spp., Trypanosoma spp., Entamoeba histolytica, Giardia
duodenalis, and Trichomonas vaginalis. These species comprise a diverse group of unicellular eukaryotic
microorganisms responsible for widespread and severe human infections. Metallopeptidases, defined
as hydrolases with activity mediated by divalent metal cation, play important roles in the induction
and maintenance of parasitic infections. In this context, metallopeptidases can be considered veritable
virulence factors in protozoa with direct/indirect participation in several key pathophysiological
processes, including adherence, invasion, evasion, excystation, central metabolism, nutrition, growth,
proliferation, and differentiation. Indeed, metallopeptidases have become an important and valid target
to search for new compounds with chemotherapeutic purposes. The present review aims to gather updates
regarding metallopeptidase subclasses, exploring their participation in protozoa virulence as well
as investigating the similarity of peptidase sequences through bioinformatic techniques in order to discover
clusters of great relevance for the development of new broad antiparasitic molecules.
Prominent Targets for Cancer Care: Immunotherapy Perspective
Authors: Patel Mehul , Thakkar Aashka , Bhatt Priya , Shah Umang , Patel Ashish , Solanki Nilay , Patel Swayamprakash , Patel Sandip , Gandhi Karan , Patel Bhavesh 
Published: March 2023

Objective:
Recent scientific advances have expanded insight into the immune system and
its response to malignant cells. In the past few years, immunotherapy has attained a hallmark for
cancer treatment, especially for patients suffering from the advanced-stage disease. Modulating the
immune system by blocking various immune checkpoint receptor proteins through monoclonal antibodies
has improved cancer patients' survival rates.

Methods:
The scope of this review spans from 1985 to the present day. Many journals, books, and
theses have been used to gather data, as well as Internet-based information such as Wiley, PubMed,
Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, EBSCO, SpringerLink, and Online electronic journals.

Key Findings:
Current review elaborates on the potential inhibitory and stimulatory checkpoint
pathways which are emerged and have been tested in various preclinical models, clinical trials, and
practices. Twenty-odd such significant checkpoints are identified and discussed in the present work.

Conclusion:
A large number of ongoing studies reveal that combination therapies that target more
than one signaling pathway may become effective in order to maximize efficacy and minimize toxicity.
Moreover, these immunotherapy targets can be a part of integrated therapeutic strategies in
addition to classical approaches. It may become a paradigm shift as a promising strategy for cancer
treatment.
The Radiological Evaluation of the Anatomy of the Alveolar Antral Artery and
the Lateral Wall Thickness Using Cone-beam Computed Tomography: A
Retrospective Study
Authors: Zhou Qiman , Qiao Feng , Zhu Dongwang 
Published: March 2023

Objectives:
Study aims to assess the position and route of the alveolar antral artery and the lateral wall thickness of the maxillary sinus using cone-beam
computed tomography (CBCT), reducing the risk of complications and improving the success rate of surgery.

Materials and Methods:
This study included CBCT scans from 238 patients. The detection diameter of AAA and distance of the lower border of AAA to the maxillary
sinus floor at the first premolar, second premolar, first molar, and second molar locations were evaluated. The route of AAA was observed with
novel classification. Furthermore, the distance from the maxillary sinus floor to the alveolar crest at four posterior tooth locations was measured
respectively. Moreover, the lateral wall thickness at four locations was assessed. Data were subjected to statistical analysis.

Results:
AAA was observed in 62.18% of all sinuses. The mean diameter was 0.99±0.21 mm, with significant differences within gender. Half of the route
of AAA was intrasinus intraosseous type. The mean distance between the maxillary sinus floor and AAA was 8.00±2.68 mm, with a significant
difference between dentate and edentulous status at the first molar location. Distance from the sinus floor to the alveolar ridge crest in edentulous
status negatively correlated with the distance from the sinus floor to AAA at the first molar location. The mean thickness of the lateral wall was
2.03±0.91 mm, and the difference in thickness between males and females at the four locations was statistically significant.

Conclusion:
Intrasinus-intraosseous type, is the most common route. Special care should be taken at the first molar location during a lateral window sinus floor
elevation. CBCT is highly recommended to before lateral wall maxillary sinus floor elevation.
Anti-inflammatory Activity of Pyrazole Analogues Deduced from Bioactive
Piperine: Synthesis, In silico, and In vitro Evaluation
Authors: Mathew Lilbet , sankaranarayanan Murugesan , Kaliappan Ilango 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Around ten novel pyrazoline and pyrazolidine derivatives were designed and
synthesized by the condensation of piperine, hydrazine hydrate, phenylhydrazine, aromatic carboxylic
acid, and ethanol.

Methods:
The synthesized compounds (2, 3, 4a-d, and 5a-d) were characterized by FTIR, 1HNMR,
mass spectral, and elemental analysis. Pharmacokinetic, physicochemical, drug-likeness, and medicinal
chemistry friendliness parameters were also predicted by in silico methods.

Results:
Furthermore, compounds were screened for in vitro anti-inflammatory activity by the HRBC
membrane stabilization method using diclofenac sodium as the standard drug. The tested compounds
showed moderate anti-inflammatory activity compared to the standard drug. The molecular docking
studies of significantly active (4d) and least active compounds (5d) were also carried out in the active
sites of an arachidonate-12-lipoxygenase target in order to study the putative binding pattern of the
study compounds.

Conclusion:
According to the findings of this study, further lead identification as well as lead optimization
techniques will be required in the near future in order to get potent analogues.
Anti-inflammatory Effects of Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell and
Autologous Conditioned Serum on Oligodendrocyte, Astrocyte, and
Microglial Specific Gene in Cuprizone Animal Model
Authors: Alavi Omid , Alizadeh Aliakbar , Dehghani Farzaneh , Alipour Hamed , Tanideh Nader 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Inflammation, myelin loss, astrocytosis, and microgliosis are pathological signs
of the autoimmune and demyelinating disease known as multiple sclerosis (MS). Axonal and neuronal
degenerations have basic molecular pathways. The remyelination process can be influenced by the secretome
of mesenchymal stem cells due to their capacity for immunomodulation, differentiation, and neuroprotection.
Microglial cells are divided into two subgroups: M1 and M2 phenotypes. A crucial component
of the microglial function is the colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R). We aimed to evaluate the
immunomodulating effects of secretome and conditioned serum on the microglial phenotypes and improvement
of demyelination in a cuprizone model of MS.

Methods:
The study used 48 male C57BL/6 mice, which were randomly distributed into 6 subgroups (n =
8), i.e., control, cuprizone, MSC (confluency 40% and 80%) secretome group, and blood derived conditioned
serum (autologous and humanized). The animals were fed with 0.2% cuprizone diet for 12 weeks.
Supplements were injected into the lateral tail vein using a 27-gauge needle every 3 days 500 μl per injection.

Results:
At 14 days after transplantation, animals from each group were sacrificed and analyzed by Real
time PCR. The results showed that the administration of MSC secretome can efficiently reduce expression
of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1, IL6 and TNF-α) in the corpus callosum; also, conditioned serum
downregulated IL-1. Moreover, the oligodendrocyte-specific gene was upregulated by secretome
and conditioned serum treatment. Also, the expression of microglial- specific gene was reduced after
treatment.

Conclusions:
These findings demonstrated that the secretome isolated from MSCs used as a therapy decreased
and increased the M1 and M2 levels, respectively, to control neuroinflammation in CPZ mice. In
conclusion, the current study showed the viability of devising a method to prepare suitable MSCs and
secreted factor to cure neurodegenerative diseases, as well as the capability of regulating MSC secretome
patterns by manipulating the cell density.
Erianin as a Promising Novel Agent in the Treatment of Neuroblastoma: The Anticancer
Effects and Underlying Molecular Mechanisms
Authors: Kocoglu Sema Serter , Seçme Mücahit , Sunay Fatma Bahar 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Erianin is an active dibenzyl compound isolated from Dendrobium officinale and Dendrobium
chrysotoxum and there are very few studies on molecular mechanisms and drug targets of erianin. In addition, there is
no study investigating the anti-cancer effect of erianin on neuroblastoma cells.

Objective:
The aim of the study is to investigate the anticancer effect of erianin and the underlying mechanism of this
effect on SH-SY5Y cells.

Methods:
The effects of erianin on cell viability, invasion and migration were determined by XTT, matrigel chamber
and wound healing evaluation, respectively. Expression changes of miRNAs (microRNA) and apoptosis-related genes
were evaluated by RT-PCR, and the apoptosis rate was supported by Annexin V evaluation.

Results:
Erianin significantly decreased cell proliferation, invasion and migration. Erianin administration caused apoptosis
by significantly increasing caspase-7, FADD (Fas-associated protein with death domain), BID (BH3 Interacting
Domain Death Agonist) and DR5 (Death receptor 5) gene expressions. While the rate of total apoptotic cells was 45.35
± 6.80% in SH-SY5Y cells treated with erianin, it was 0.133 ± 0.05% in the control group (p = 0.000). In addition,
erianin administration significantly decreased the expressions of hsa-miR-155-5p (p = 0.014) and hsa-miR-223-3p (p =
0.004). Also, our study demonstrated for the first time the relationship between erianin and mi-RNAs in a cancer cell.

Conclusion:
Our study suggests that erianin may be a natural, safe and easily accessible drug candidate that can be
used in the treatment of neuroblastoma.
Cancer-associated Fibroblast-derived Extracellular Vesicles Mediate
Immune Escape of Bladder Cancer via PD-L1/PD-1 Expression
Authors: Feng Rui , Li Zhongxing , Ge Guangcheng , Wang Chenghao , Jia Yuejun , Ouyang Jun 
Published: March 2023

Objective:
Bladder cancer (BCa) is a malignant urological tumor with a high preva-lence and poor prognosis. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are increasingly becoming current hotspots owing to their involvement in cancer progression. This paper probed into the action of cancer-associated fibroblast-derived EVs (CAF-EVs) in the immune escape of BCa.

Methods:
CAFs were identified by immunofluorescence. EVs were extracted from CAFs via ultracentrifugation and later characterized. BCa cells (T24 cell line) were co-cultured with CD8+ T cells and then treated with CAF-EVs. The uptake of EVs by T24 cells was examined by con-focal laser microscopy. T24 cell apoptosis and invasion were assessed using flow cytometry and invasion assay. CD8+ T cell proliferation was evaluated using CFSE staining. The levels of cy-tokines (IFN-γ, IL-2, and TNF-α) were measured by ELISA. PD-L1 and PD-1 levels were deter-mined utilizing RT-qPCR and flow cytometry. BCa mouse models were established to identify the effect of CAF-EVs on BCa progression in vivo.

Results:
CAF-EVs decreased apoptosis and enhanced invasion of T24 cells, reduced prolifera-tion of CD8+ T cells, and diminished levels of IFN-γ, IL-2, and TNF-α secreted by CD8+ T cells. CAF-EVs promoted the immune escape of T24 cells by carrying PD-L1. Downregulation of PD-L1 expression in T24 cells or EVs partially counteracted the promotion of CAF-EVs on immune escape by reducing the binding of PD-L1 and PD-1. Additionally, CAF-EVs raised tumor volume and weight, upregulated PD-L1 expression, and weakened CD8+ T cell infiltration in BCa mice.

Conclusion:
CAF-EVs facilitate the immune escape of BCa by upregulating PD-L1/PD-1.
Initiation of iGlarLixi Versus Basal-Bolus Insulin in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes Advancing From Basal Insulin Therapy: The SoliComplex Real-World Study
Authors: Pantalone Kevin M. , Heller Caroline , Lajara Rosemarie , Lew Elisheva , Li Xuan , Dex Terry , Kilpatrick C. Rachel 
Published: March 2023

Background
When type 2 diabetes is suboptimally controlled with basal insulin, prandial insulin injections are commonly added (i.e., a basal-bolus insulin regimen), which can increase treatment burden and hypoglycemia risk. The once-daily injectable iGlarLixi is an alternative treatment.

Methods
This retrospective analysis of the U.S. Optum Clinformatics database compared outcomes in adults (≥18 years of age) with type 2 diabetes who previously received basal insulin and were newly initiated on iGlarLixi or basal-bolus insulin therapy. Cohorts were propensity score–matched in a 1:1 ratio on baseline characteristics, and imbalances were adjusted in multivariate analyses. Subgroup analyses were performed for people ≥65 years of age and those with a baseline A1C ≥9%. The primary end point was persistence with therapy at 12 months in the overall population. Secondary end points were treatment adherence, health care resource utilization (HCRU), costs, any hypoglycemia, and A1C change at 12 months.

Results
Cohorts each comprised 1,070 participants. Treatment persistence at 12 months was statistically significantly higher for iGlarLixi versus basal-bolus insulin therapy (43.7 vs. 22.3%, hazard ratio 0.51, 95% CI 0.46–0.57, adjusted P &lt;0.001). Adherence was numerically higher for iGlarLixi, and hypoglycemia events, HCRU, and costs were numerically lower for iGlarLixi. A1C reduction from baseline was slightly greater for basal-bolus insulin. Results for both subgroups (≥65 years of age and baseline A1C ≥9%) were similar to those of the overall population.

Conclusion
In this observational study, initiation of once-daily iGlarLixi versus basal-bolus insulin was associated with higher persistence, lower hypoglycemia, and similar A1C reduction without increasing HCRU or costs regardless of age or A1C. iGlarLixi could be an alternative to basal-bolus insulin, particularly for older adults with type 2 diabetes who require treatment simplification with lower hypoglycemia risk.