bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cannabis and cannabinoids in dermatology: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis of quantitative outcomes
Authors: Sermsaksasithorn Pim , Nopsopon Tanawin , Samuthpongtorn Chatpol , Chotirosniramit Korn , Pongpirul Krit 
Published: September 2023

IntroductionFollowing the discovery of various effects on skin function by modifying endocannabinoid systems, multiple preclinical studies have revealed the promise of cannabis and cannabinoids in the treatment of a variety of skin diseases. However, its clinical efficacy is still debated.Methods and analysisThe protocol has been prepared using the Preferred Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols guidelines. A systematic search will be conducted using PubMed, EMBASE, SCOPUS, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Web of Science. We will include randomised controlled trials and observational studies investigating alterations to dermatological characteristics following administration of cannabis and cannabinoids for dermatological diseases and disorders. The two reviewers will perform both the title and abstract and full-text screenings. The Cochrane Risk-of-Bias 2 and ROBINS-1 tools will be used to evaluate the risk of bias. If a group of comparable studies for each quantitative outcome can be discovered, we will conduct a random effects meta-analysis. We will investigate heterogeneity using a combination of visual inspection of the forest plot, the Cochran’s Q test and Higgins’ test [I2]. Sensitivity analyses will be performed to assess the statistical robustness of the primary outcome. To evaluate a publication bias, the Egger’s regression asymmetry test and funnel plots will be considered.Ethics and disseminationThis study does not require ethical approval because no original data will be collected. The findings will be presented at conferences and published in peer-reviewed journals.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42023397189.
Identification of spread after deliberate intraneural injection in five mammalian species
Authors: Server Anna , Boezaart Andre P , Perez-Carrasco Marcos , Esteves-Coelho Marielle , Laredo Franciso , Reina Miguel A 
Published: September 2023

Introduction
This research endeavors to investigate the phenomenon of intraneural spread across distinct locations: subcircumneurium, extrafascicular intraneural, intrafascicular intraneural, and intraperineurium after deliberate intraneural injections across five mammalian species. The study also aims to propose determinants influencing this spread. Furthermore, the investigation strives to ascertain the optimal animal species and needle configuration for extrapolating intraneural injection outcomes to human contexts.

Methods
This study examined 60 sciatic nerves from 30 fresh and untreated cadavers of rats, rabbits, dogs, pigs, and sheep. The specimens were organized into five groups, each comprising an equal number of nerves. Histological assessments were performed on 30 nerves, involving fascicle metrics. The remaining 30 nerves underwent intentional intraneural injections, facilitated by 19G and 23G needles under ultrasound and direct visualization guidance.
Heparinized erythrocytes combined with a methylene blue solution were used as a marker to analyze the extent and patterns of intraneural spread. Needle orifice measurements were obtained, and these data were overlaid onto images of both nerves and needles. This enabled a comparative evaluation of sizes and an assessment of marker diffusion.

Results
The findings indicated that sciatic nerves in rats, rabbits, and dogs were oligofascicular, characterized by larger fascicles, whereas pigs and sheep exhibited polyfascicular nerves comprised of numerous smaller fascicles. Fascicular diameters were variable across species, with dogs presenting the largest measurements. While intraneural spread was observed and documented, intrafascicular marker spreading was rare, occurring only in one rabbit specimen. Needle orifice attributes were scrutinized and visually depicted.

Conclusions
Despite the formidable challenges associated with the practical realization of intrafascicular injection, the utilization of animal models possessing monofascicular or oligofascicular nerves, such as rats, rabbits, and dogs, in conjunction with needles featuring aperture dimensions surpassing those of the fascicles, likely contributes to the compromised reliability of investigations into intraneural injection outcomes.
Semi-invariant distribution vectors for p-adic unipotent groups
Authors: Maaref Souha 
Published: September 2023

Let G be a unipotent algebraic group defined over a [Formula: see text]-adic field of characteristic zero. We denote by [Formula: see text] the set of rational points of G. It is a [Formula: see text]-adic Lie group with Lie algebra denoted by [Formula: see text]. Let [Formula: see text] be an irreducible unitary representation of [Formula: see text] in a Hilbert space [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] be a linear form on [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] be a polarization at [Formula: see text]. We denote by [Formula: see text] a character of [Formula: see text] related to [Formula: see text]. The aim of this study is to give a precise description of the space of semi-invariant distribution vectors [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text].
Now is the Time: The Impact of Linguistic Time Reference on Corporate Default Risk
Authors: Ho Kung-Cheng , Chen Yiling , Ye Dezhu , Yan Cheng 
Published: September 2023

Synopsis The research problem This paper assesses whether and how people’s perceptions of time — strong future time reference (FTR) versus weak FTR — affect corporate default risk. Motivation or theoretical reasoning Studies have shown that default risk varies across firms, regions, and countries, highlighting the need for a comprehensive understanding of the contributing factors. Traditional studies focus on how firm-level, industry-level, national and international economic and financial variables shape corporate default risk, but they fail to explain cross-country and cross-regional differences in corporate default risk from the perspective of informal institutions, particularly, language. This study takes the first step to examine whether and how future-oriented language shapes corporate default risk. The test hypotheses We first tested whether strong-FTR language decreases corporate default risk. We further tested whether the effect of strong-FTR language on default risk depends on firms’ level of information transparency. In addition, we tested whether the effect of strong-FTR language on default risk depends on a country’s disclosure requirements. Lastly, we tested whether the effect of strong-FTR language on default risk depends on a country’s control of corruption. Target population We find that corporate default risk is significantly higher in regions dominated by speakers of weak-FTR languages, using a comprehensive sample of firms in 36 countries with 180,013 observations spanning from 1988 to 2017. Adopted methodology Ordinary least square regressions were used in this study. Analyses Corporate default risk is measured by two proxies of firm probability of default, following Merton [(1974) Journal of Finance, 29(2), 449–470] and Lee and Lin [(2012) Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions, and Money, 22(4), 973–989]. Our independent variable is Strong FTR, which equals 1 if a language belongs to the strong-FTR language family, as defined by the European Science Foundation’s Typology of Languages in Europe (EUROTYP) project. If a language does not require “obligatory [FTR] use in (main clause) prediction-based contexts” [Dahl (2000)Tense and Aspect in the Languages of Europe, O. Dahl (Ed.), pp. 309–328], then we put this language into the weak-FTR group. On the other hand, if a language does have the above-mentioned requirement, then it belongs to the strong-FTR group. Findings We found that corporate default risk is significantly higher in regions dominated by speakers of weak-FTR languages. Furthermore, the FTR effect on default risk is weakened in countries with stronger formal institutions (e.g., high disclosure quality, greater transparency, and less corruption). Our results introduce a new explanation for heterogeneity in corporate default risk, provide insights about whether language is an economic institution, and adds to research on the effects of languages on economic and financial outcomes.
PACMHCI V7, MHCI, September 2023 Editorial
Authors: Leiva Luis A. , Matera Maristella , Schöning Johannes 
Published: September 2023

We have witnessed astonishing progress in mobile and ubiquitous technology in the past two decades. Our interaction-supporting devices have become increasingly capable and diverse, while the supporting infrastructure, including heterogeneous networks and cloud computing, has matured to enable our vision of a ubiquitous computing environment. As we navigate this new frontier, we find ourselves pondering the words of Bill Buxton: "Now that we can do anything, what should we do?" and, more importantly, "How should it work?"
Buxton's thought-provoking statement urges us to shift our focus towards methodological considerations and, crucially, ethics. The MobileHCI community, as a whole, recognizes the importance of ethical practices in shaping our field. While our work has often touched upon privacy-maintaining interactions and service provision, it is time to delve deeper into the ethical dimensions of our research and design choices.
GraphScale: Scalable Processing on FPGAs for HBM and Large Graphs
Authors: Dann Jonas , Ritter Daniel , Fröning Holger 
Published: September 2023

Recent advances in graph processing on FPGAs promise to alleviate performance bottlenecks with irregular memory access patterns. Such bottlenecks challenge performance for a growing number of important application areas like machine learning and data analytics. While FPGAs denote a promising solution through flexible memory hierarchies and massive parallelism, we argue that current graph processing accelerators either use the off-chip memory bandwidth inefficiently or do not scale well across memory channels.
In this work, we propose GraphScale, a scalable graph processing framework for FPGAs. GraphScale combines multi-channel memory with asynchronous graph processing (i.e., for fast convergence on results) and a compressed graph representation (i.e., for efficient usage of memory bandwidth and reduced memory footprint). GraphScale solves common graph problems like breadth-first search, PageRank, and weakly connected components through modular user-defined functions, a novel two-dimensional partitioning scheme, and a high-performance two-level crossbar design. Additionally, we extend GraphScale to scale to modern high-bandwidth memory (HBM) and reduce partitioning overhead of large graphs with binary packing.
Transfer Learning-Based Neural Machine Translation for Low-Resource Languages
Authors: Dong Jun 
Published: September 2023

College of Liberal Arts, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
Chinese Lexicography Research Center, Yantai 264025, China
Neural Machine Translation (NMT) improves readability by augmenting sentence suggestions based on the precise likelihood of the words. The word suggestions are trained using learning paradigms through repeated translations, word searches, and user inputs. However, the challenging process is the implication of NMT for low-resource language wherein the chances of false suggestions/ word substitutions are high. So, this article proposes a Likelihood-based Machine Translation Model (LMTM) for low-resource languages. The model uses word frequency and potential substitutions from less-known sentences to identify sentences with high precision. This is achieved through a combination of recurrence and substitutions using transfer learning. The identified high-likelihood words are used for sentence augmentation, and the entire set of words from the generated sentence updates the learning paradigm. The model suggests the highest likelihood words for NMT, preventing sentence falsification and ensuring accurate translations. The proposed model increases likelihood by 9.15%, correctness by 7.46%, and substitutions by 7.7%, respectively. It reduces falsification and time complexity by 9.33% and 8.52%, respectively. Overall, the LMTM improves translation quality for low-resource languages.
Targeting MALAT1 Augments Sensitivity to PARP Inhibition by Impairing Homologous Recombination in Prostate Cancer
Authors: Yadav Anjali , Biswas Tanay , Praveen Ayush , Ganguly Promit , Bhattacharyya Ankita , Verma Ayushi , Datta Dipak , Ateeq Bushra 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

PARP inhibitors (PARPi) have emerged as a promising targeted therapeutic intervention for metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). However, the clinical utility of PARPi is limited to a subset of patients who harbor aberrations in the genes associated with the homologous recombination (HR) pathway. Here, we report that targeting metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1), an oncogenic long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), contrives a BRCAness-like phenotype, and augments sensitivity to PARPi. Mechanistically, we show that MALAT1 silencing reprograms the homologous recombination (HR) transcriptome and makes prostate cancer cells more vulnerable to PARPi. Particularly, coinhibition of MALAT1 and PARP1 exhibits a decline in clonogenic survival, delays resolution of γH2AX foci, and reduces tumor burden in mice xenograft model. Moreover, we show that miR-421, a tumor suppressor miRNA, negatively regulates the expression of HR genes, while in aggressive prostate cancer cases, miR-421 is sequestered by MALAT1, leading to increased expression of HR genes. Conclusively, our findings suggest that MALAT1 ablation confers sensitivity to PARPi, thus highlighting an alternative therapeutic strategy for patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), irrespective of the alterations in HR genes.

Significance:
PARPi are clinically approved for patients with metastatic CRPC carrying mutations in HR genes, but are ineffective for HR-proficient prostate cancer. Herein, we show that oncogenic lncRNA, MALAT1 is frequently overexpressed in advanced stage prostate cancer and plays a crucial role in maintaining genomic integrity. Importantly, we propose a novel therapeutic strategy that emphasizes MALAT1 inhibition, leading to HR dysfunction in both HR-deficient and -proficient prostate cancer, consequently augmenting their susceptibility to PARPi.
Altered Oral Nitrate Reduction and Bacterial Profiles in Hypertensive Women Predict Blood Pressure Lowering Following Acute Dietary Nitrate Supplementation
Authors: Willmott Thomas , Ormesher Laura , McBain Andrew J. , Humphreys Gavin J. , Myers Jenny E. , Singh Gurdeep , Lundberg Jon O. , Weitzberg Eddie , Nihlen Carina , Cottrell Elizabeth C. 
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND:
The efficacy of dietary nitrate supplementation to lower blood pressure (BP) in pregnant women is highly variable. We aimed to investigate whether differences in oral microbiota profiles and oral nitrate-reducing capacity may explain interindividual differences in BP lowering following nitrate supplementation.

METHODS:
Participants recruited for this study were both pregnant and nonpregnant women, with or without hypertension (n=55). Following an overnight fast, plasma, saliva, and tongue scraping samples were collected for measurement of nitrate/nitrite concentrations, oral NaR (nitrate reductase) activity, and microbiota profiling using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Baseline BP was measured, followed by the administration of a single dose of dietary nitrate (400 mg nitrate in 70 mL beetroot juice). Post-nitrate intervention, plasma and salivary nitrate/nitrite concentrations and BP were determined 2.5 hours later.

RESULTS:

Women with hypertension had significantly lower salivary nitrite concentrations (
P
=0.006) and reduced abundance of the nitrate-reducing taxa
Veillonella
(
P
=0.007) compared with normotensive women. Oral NaR activity was not significantly different in pregnant versus nonpregnant women (
P
=0.991) but tended to be lower in hypertensive compared with normotensive women (
P
=0.099). Oral NaR activity was associated with both baseline diastolic BP (
P
=0.050) and change in diastolic BP following acute nitrate intake (
P
=0.01, adjusted for baseline BP).

CONCLUSIONS:
The abundance and activity of oral nitrate-reducing bacteria impact both baseline BP as well as the ability of dietary nitrate supplementation to lower BP. Strategies to increase oral nitrate-reducing capacity could lower BP and enhance the efficacy of dietary nitrate supplementation, in pregnancy as well as in nonpregnant adults.

REGISTRATION:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT03930693.
Deletion of Endothelial TRPV4 Protects Heart From Pressure Overload–Induced Hypertrophy
Authors: Adapala Ravi K. , Katari Venkatesh , Kanugula Anantha K. , Ohanyan Vahagn , Paruchuri Sailaja , Thodeti Charles K. 
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND:
Left ventricular hypertrophy is a bipolar response, starting as an adaptive response to the hemodynamic challenge, but over time develops maladaptive pathology partly due to microvascular rarefaction and impaired coronary angiogenesis. Despite the profound influence on cardiac function, the mechanotransduction mechanisms that regulate coronary angiogenesis, leading to heart failure, are not well known.

METHODS:

We subjected endothelial-specific knockout mice of mechanically activated ion channel, TRPV4 (transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 4; TRPV4
ECKO
) to pressure overload via transverse aortic constriction and examined cardiac function, cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, cardiac fibrosis, and apoptosis. Further, we measured microvascular density and underlying TRPV4 mechanotransduction mechanisms using human microvascular endothelial cells, extracellular matrix gels of varying stiffness, unbiased RNA sequencing, small interfering RNA, Western blot, quantitative-PCR, and confocal immunofluorescence techniques.

RESULTS:

We demonstrate that endothelial-specific deletion of TRPV4 preserved cardiac function, cardiomyocyte structure, and reduced cardiac fibrosis compared with TRPV4
lox/lox
mice, 28 days post–transverse aortic constriction. Interestingly, comprehensive RNA sequencing analysis revealed an upregulation of proangiogenic factors (VEGFα [vascular endothelial growth factor α], NOS3 [nitric oxide synthase 3], and FGF2 [fibroblast growth factor 2]) with concomitant increase in microvascular density in TRPV4
ECKO
hearts after transverse aortic constriction compared with TRPV4
lox/lox
. Further, an increased expression of VEGFR2 (vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2) and activation of the YAP (yes-associated protein) pathway were observed in TRPV4
ECKO
hearts. Mechanistically, we found that downregulation of TRPV4 in endothelial cells induced matrix stiffness–dependent activation of YAP and VEGFR2 via the Rho/Rho kinase/large tumor suppressor kinase pathway.

CONCLUSIONS:
Our results suggest that endothelial TRPV4 acts as a mechanical break for coronary angiogenesis, and uncoupling endothelial TRPV4 mechanotransduction attenuates pathological cardiac hypertrophy by enhancing coronary angiogenesis.
Neighborhood Social Vulnerability and Interstage Weight Gain: Evaluating the Role of a Home Monitoring Program
Authors: Shustak Rachel J. , Huang Jing , Tam Vicky , Stagg Alyson , Giglia Therese M. , Ravishankar Chitra , Mercer‐Rosa Laura , Guevara James P. , Gardner Monique M. 
Published: September 2023

Background
Poor interstage weight gain is a risk factor for adverse outcomes in infants with hypoplastic left heart syndrome. We sought to examine the association of neighborhood social vulnerability and interstage weight gain and determine if this association is modified by enrollment in our institution's Infant Single Ventricle Management and Monitoring Program (ISVMP).

Methods and Results

We performed a retrospective single‐center study of infants with hypoplastic left heart syndrome before (2007–2010) and after (2011–2020) introduction of the ISVMP. The primary outcome was interstage weight gain, and the secondary outcome was interstage growth failure. Multivariable linear and logistic regression models were used to examine the association between the Social Vulnerability Index and the outcomes. We introduced an interaction term into the models to test for effect modification by the ISVMP. We evaluated 217 ISVMP infants and 111 pre‐ISVMP historical controls. The Social Vulnerability Index was associated with interstage growth failure (
P
=0.001); however, enrollment in the ISVMP strongly attenuated this association (
P
=0.04). Pre‐ISVMP, as well as high‐ and middle‐vulnerability infants gained 4 g/d less and were significantly more likely to experience growth failure than low‐vulnerability infants (high versus low: adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 12.5 [95% CI, 2.5–62.2]; middle versus low: aOR, 7.8 [95% CI, 2.0–31.2]). After the introduction of the ISVMP, outcomes did not differ by Social Vulnerability Index tertile. Infants with middle and high Social Vulnerability Index scores who were enrolled in the ISVMP gained 4 g/d and 2 g/d more, respectively, than pre‐ISVMP controls.

Conclusions
In infants with hypoplastic left heart syndrome, high social vulnerability is a risk factor for poor interstage weight gain. However, enrollment in the ISVMP significantly reduces growth disparities.
Risk Factors and Outcomes With Progressive Mitral Annular Calcification
Authors: Lee Hee Jeong , Seo Jiwon , Gwak Seo‐Yeon , Kim Kyu , Cho Iksung , Hong Geu‐Ru , Ha Jong‐Won , Shim Chi Young 
Published: September 2023

Background
Mitral annular calcification (MAC) is a chronic degenerative process that may progress. This study aimed to investigate associating factors and clinical implications of MAC progression.

Methods and Results

Among 560 patients with MAC identified by transthoracic echocardiography between January 2012 and June 2016, 138 patients (mean±SD age 72.7±10.2 years, 73 women) with mild or moderate MAC who received follow‐up examination within 18 to 36 months were retrospectively analyzed. Progressive MAC was defined as hemodynamic or structural profiles that had worsened by more than 1 grade. Hemodynamic features were assessed by the transmitral mean diastolic pressure gradient (MDPG), and structural features were assessed by the MAC angle in the parasternal short‐axis view. The clinical outcome was defined as a composite of all‐cause mortality, hospitalization for heart failure, and occurrence of ischemic stroke. Forty‐three patients (31.2%) showed progressive MAC. Patients with progressive MAC had higher systolic blood pressure, pulse pressure, MAC angle, and MDPG than those with stable MAC. Patients with progressive MAC had smaller left ventricular (LV) end‐systolic dimensions and higher LV ejection fractions compared with those with stable MAC. In multivariate analysis, pulse pressure, LV ejection fraction, MAC angle, and MDPG at baseline were significantly associated with MAC progression. During a median of 39.2 months' follow‐up, patients with progressive MAC showed poorer clinical outcomes than those with stable MAC (log‐rank
P
=0.015).

Conclusions
MAC progression is not rare and is associated with structural substrate and hemodynamic loads that result in mechanical stress. Patients with progressive MAC have poor outcomes.