bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation analysis and regression of transit ridership by means of public buses – A preliminary data analysis
Authors: Karunakaran Ranjetha , Yuen Choon Wah , Chuah Joon Huang , Zainol Rosilawati , Goh Boon Hoe 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Given ever-increasing private transportation ownership, a rising population, and unceasing mobility, it is crucial to ensure the usage and improvement of public transportation services. Therefore, it is important to review and understand relationships between variables affecting ridership to boost them. This paper acts as a preliminary data analysis in which correlation and multiple linear regression (MLR) analyses were constructed to examine bus transit ridership. The main goal of this study is to identify the variables that influence transit ridership and the degree to which they do so during a) peak hours and b) off-peak hours. Independent variables such as bus commercial speed, service frequency, in-vehicle travel time, bus stop distance, and rainfall were employed in this study. Results show that all the independent variables are significant and correlated with ridership. However, the regression models show that distance and travel time are not statistically significant during peak and off-peak hours, respectively. The findings of this study recommend the creation of relevant policy initiatives that can assist transit agencies in increasing ridership by analysing significant predictive factors. Additionally, the output from this study can be used in future works on designing efficient bus routes, stop locations, and even bus schedules.
Microscopic Simulation Model for Motorcycle Dominated Networks: A Case Study of a VISSIM Simulation Model for a Mixed Traffic Corridor
Authors: Vu Tam , Preston John 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Microscopic traffic simulation packages, which were invented for car-based environments, have also been used for motorcycle-based environments. Because the interactions between several transport modes (e.g., buses, cars, and motorcycles) are different in these two environments, default parameters relating to these modes (e.g., acceleration, deceleration, speed) should be modified in the simulation of motorcycle-dominated networks. However, there seems to be very little evidence on the modification of these parameters in microscopic traffic simulation for these networks. To fill this gap in the literature, this research develops a VISSIM model (as one of the most appropriate microscopic simulation packages) for motorcycle-dominated mixed transport, which includes data collection, creation of a VISSIM model, and calibration and validation processes. For parameters which cannot be observed on-site, some values for each parameter are chosen based on the default values in VISSIM or local conditions. These values are then run in VISSIM models and tested in the calibration and validation processes to choose the values that best describe vehicle movements. By contrast, parameters that might be collected on-site are statistically analysed and inserted directly in to VISSIM. Acceleration and deceleration of motorcycles, the desired speed of car and bus, the desired speed of motorcycle, minimum lateral distance driving when overtaking vehicles on the same lane, and average standstill distance were applied for developing VISSIM models for a motorcycle-dominated mixed traffic corridor in Hanoi, Vietnam. Acceleration and deceleration surveys were carried out on-site by using the speed gun Stalker ATS. The results of statistical tests prove that the VISSIM models are sufficiently reliable to represent real traffic. Transport modellers can draw on the findings of this study. Desired acceleration and deceleration default values in VISSIM, which are for typical motorcycles used in Europe, should be replaced by local acceleration and deceleration rates. The methodology for developing a VISSIM model can be modified to suit other local motorcycle-dominated mixed traffic conditions.
Bus users’ behavior in using parking services and their expectations for the development of parking service quality at bus stations in Hanoi, Vietnam
Authors: Phuong Ngo Trung , Kojima Aya , Kubota Hisashi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Transportation Demand Management (TDM) has been introduced in Vietnam to keep the balance between the limited supply of road network, and the increase of private vehicles and Park & Ride (P&R) is one of TDM’s measures focused on the transition from private to public transport at stations. This research investigated the current situation of parking areas and bus users’ behavior in 4 main stations in Hanoi, Vietnam. Furthermore, bus users were asked in the assumption case that if they cannot use the bus, how much they will pay for the travel cost and time in that case compared to the actual case when they use the bus. The results have found that many people have accepted to travel in a longer time to save travel costs. This research also identified the factors which influence on using P&R services in station of bus users. Based on the Binary logistic regression model, the “Income” factor is one of the significant characteristics of bus users on selection use or not use of P&R services at the bus station. Finally, bus users’ expectations on the current situation of the parking services at stations gave some suggestions to improve the P&R services in bus stations in Hanoi.
Electrifying School Bus in Hanoi, Vietnam – What are Barriers and Enablers?
Authors: Truong Thi My Thanh , Nguyen Nga Thi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
By the end of June 2022, Hanoi has 2,835 schools, nearly 70,200 classes, and more than 2.2 million students. More than one million children ride the bus to school, and 100% of these school buses run on diesel. Diesel exhaust has proven links to serious physical health issues as well as cognitive development impacts. Transitioning to electric school buses from traditional diesel-powered school buses can reduce students’ exposure to harmful pollutants that contribute to respiratory disease, heart disease, cancer and physical problems - and which can harm students’ cognitive development. However, the adoption of electric school buses concerns significant issues relating to the purchasing and operating costs, driving distance and charging systems. Therefore, the possibility of electric school buses remains unknown. The study used documents and semi-structured interviews with students, parents, school vehicle organizers, and bus service providers who involving in the decision-making of electric school bus adoption. The results show that the purchasing and operating cost, the driving distance and charging systems are major concerns and experiences by involved stakeholders are highly context-dependent. Financial and regulatory support from the national government, along with student demand and route characteristics had a significant influence on electric school bus adoption.
Analysis of service quality factors affecting passenger satisfaction with bus service based on a structural equation modeling: A case study of Ho Chi Minh City
Authors: Nguyen Xuan Long , Quach Bao Khang , Pham Chanh Toan , Nguyen Trong Thuc , Tran Thi Truc Lieu 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This study aims to examine service quality factors and the extent of their influence on passenger satisfaction with public bus transport service. The study will describe the steps of creating a SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) model to demonstrate the service quality - satisfaction relations. Survey data conducted by the Ho Chi Minh Public Transport Management Centre in collaboration with the World Bank consultants from December 2019 to January 2020 includes 3,913 questionnaires on 25 subsidized bus routes. The analysis results from the SEM model indicate that the factors with the strongest impact on satisfaction are availability possibility, service information, fare, service attitude and friendliness with the environment. This result suggests that public transport should focus on improving these service quality factors to ensure a high level of passengers’ satisfaction.
Materials Characteristics of Soil-cement Samples under Various Maintenance Conditions
Authors: Vo Ba Huy , Dinh Hoai Luan , Dang Ngoc Loi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Subsidence of embankment foundation at the approach roadway is quite common in South Vietnam because natural soil layers are high water content and low bearing capacity. Soil-cement columns could be a potential method to deal with foundation subsidence. A critical issue is to determine proper soil-cement mixtures, mainly depending on maintenance conditions. In this study, materials characteristics of soil-cement samples are experimentally tested under various maintenance conditions. To achieve the objective, first, we drill to get natural soil samples at various depths for different boreholes located in southern Vietnam. Second, soil samples are used to fabricate soil-cement cylinder samples. Third, a set of fabricated samples are maintained under various environmental conditions for 7, 14, and 28 days. Last, experimental tests are conducted to test axial compressive strength to evaluate the effects of environmental parameters on strength development. The result reveals that the proportion of soil cement should be properly designed for soil layers to maximize the performance of the soil-cement column.
Utilization of Slag as an Aggregate Replacement for Road Base/Subbase Layers
Authors: Al-Shamsi Khalid , Hassan Hossam , Al-Jabri Khalifa , Al-Alawi Mubarak 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Ferrochrome and Steel slags are by-products of the stainless steel and steel production, respectively. The utilization of slag as an aggregate replacement to provide a sustainable solution has gained attention from the construction industry in recent years. By reducing the demand for natural aggregate and providing an alternative use for industrial waste products, the use of slag is an environmentally conscious and economically viable option. This paper focuses on the potential application of using slag as road base/subbase layers. The paper examines the physical and chemical properties of the slag and reports on the strength and toxic metal analysis results. Slag can be processed into a coarse and fine aggregate that satisfies the necessary standards for road base/subbase layers. The testing results highlight the successfulness of using slag as an aggregate replacement for base/subbase layers, making it a promising and sustainable solution for the construction industry.
Pavement sustainability: a tripartite analysis of natural stone pavements in Hanoi, Vietnam
Authors: Le Dinh-Phuoc , Do Minh-Huyen , Duong Ngoc-Oanh T. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
As a basic component of the city’s structure and, particularly, an integral part of the transportation infrastructure, pavements fundamentally contribute to the city’s achievement of sustainability goals. This paper examines the environmental, societal, and economic impacts of using natural stone for the pavement to pursue an ideal image of Green-Clean-Beautiful city by the government in the burgeoning city of Hanoi, Vietnam. It addresses the urgent question of whether natural stone is a sustainable paving material in a tropical climate under the impacts of climate change. By analysing the published contents of the official press, supported by data and information gathered from interviews with key experts, stakeholders, and urban residents, this paper argues that the actual impacts of natural stone use for pavements on the environment, economy, and society are strongly negative, compared to the positivity initially perceived in Hanoi’s scheme of changing the pavement facelift. It shows that by overemphasising appearance and imagined nationalism values when selecting natural stone, Hanoi government shows a slow progress in improving and balancing functional, social, environmental, and economic dimensions. The paper is significant in contributing to knowledge on pavement sustainability and sustainable materials while shedding light on the challenges of applying these theoretical perspectives into real-life practice.
Influence of densified silica fume on engineering properties of concrete containing coal bottom ash aggregate.
Authors: Ban Cheah Chee , Ping Kevin Khaw Le , Lapongan Roysten Habirin , Jia Liew Jia 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Coal bottom ash (CBA) is a significant waste produced by the coal manufacturing power plant, harming the environment. CBA has been used in many studies to replace sand in cementitious materials. However, few studies have investigated the use of CBA in concrete as a sand replacement with densified silica fume (DSF) as a cement replacement. DSF is a potential supplementary cementitious material (SCM) to combat the engineering properties of concrete that are typically decreased when CBA is used as a replacement for natural aggregate. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the influence of DSF on the engineering properties of concrete containing different content of CBA as a partial replacement for natural sand. The mix design of the ordinary Portland cement (OPC) and binary blended concrete comprised 90% OPC and 10% DSF by total binder’s weight. The CBA as the fine aggregate replacement was used at 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% by total aggregate volume. The mechanical, porosity, absorption performance of DSF and CBA (DSF+CBA) concrete containing CBA as partial aggregate replacement material were investigated. DSF+CBA with 50% CBA replacement showed improved mechanical strength performance than control by 15% at 28d and 5.6% at 56d of curing. However, the total porosity performance for DSF+CBA concrete decrease as CBA content increases. In conclusion, the DSF as SCM in binary blended concrete with CBA content up to 50% achieved a better performance in terms of mechanical properties even though the porosity was marginally increased.
Effect of pre-treated waste tire rubber on properties of concrete
Authors: Sidhu Amandeep Singh , Singla Ritika , Siddique Rafat 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In present day scenario the human activities have led to environmental degradation with increased urbanization contributing to many fold increase in constructing activities, which uses limited natural resources. Therefore, prevention of resource over-utilization and recycling of the waste is of utmost priority in construction sector. Waste tires rubber is one such potential material which can be used in concrete as replacement for fine aggregates replacement. This study represents the effect of addition of crumb rubber in concrete as sand replacement ranging from 5-20% on volume basis. The study evaluated the workability, compressive strength, ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV), electrical resistivity and water permeability at 28 days. Tire rubber was also pre-treated with NaOH and KMnO4 as an effort to enhance its bonding characteristics. The contact angle was measure to test the efficacy of the treatment in reducing water hydrophobicity of crumb rubber. The treatment of tire rubber with NaOH and KMnO4 proved to be promising in regaining some of lost compressive strength and improved water permeability. However, both treatment processes didn’t have any significant effect on the workability. The NaOH treatment proved to be an overall better treatment than KMnO4 which was due to the reduced hydrophobicity as depicted by lower contact angle.
Fundamental study on rapid detection of the insufficient lateral resistance of ballasted railway tracks by dynamic loading
Authors: Xu C , Tada K , Nakamura T , Hayano K 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
To resume trains operation as soon as possible after disasters, it is necessary to quickly find out locations of ballasted railway with insufficient lateral ballast resistance. In this study, a new method was proposed to evaluate the lateral ballast resistance using dynamic lateral excitation. The dynamic method was performed on 1/9-scale ballasted railway models with ballast densities of 1.5 and 1.6 g/cm3. The simple harmonic excitation was generated from a pair of 20g flywheels, and the accelerations of the vibrator and the central sleeper were recorded by sensors attached on the central sleeper and the vibrator, respectively. Based on the obtained data sets, maximum accelerations as well as the maximum amplitudes of the lateral displacements of the vibrator and the central sleeper were analysed. It was found that the maximum accelerations of the vibrator were higher than those of the central sleepers. This was also true for the maximum amplitude of the lateral displacements. The ratio of the maximum amplitude of the lateral displacement of the central sleeper to that of the vibrator was evaluated. It was found that the amplitude ratio of the track model with the ballast density of 1.5 g/cm3 was higher than that with the ballast density of 1.6 g/cm3. This implies that the difference in the lateral ballast resistance owing to the difference in the ballast density may be detected based on the evaluation of the amplitude ratio.
Dynamically modulating the mid-infrared localized surface plasmon resonance of Al-doped ZnO nanocrystals
Authors: Jia Yan , Liu Dongqing , Wang Xinfei , Cheng Baizhang , Cheng Haifeng 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) regulation of semiconductor oxide nanocrystals (NCs) in the near-infrared region (0.8–2.5 μm) of the solar spectrum has attracted much attention for its potential in applications such as electrochromism and sensing. However, the LSPR modulation properties of doped semiconductor oxide NCs in the mid-infrared region (2.5–25 μm) have rarely been reported. Here, we synthesized aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO) NCs with various nominal Al doping contents (1–20at%). The LSPR absorption peaks of these films were regulated between ∼3.8 and 6.57 μm depending on the doping content. AZO NC films with 1at% nominal Al doping and a 1316 nm film thickness exhibited the highest electrochemical infrared absorption regulation, achieving 35.9% regulation at 3–5 μm and 32.5% at 7.5–13 μm. The infrared absorption regulation mechanism of the AZO NCs involved changes in the LSPR absorption intensity caused by electron injection/extraction into/from the surface depletion layer of the AZO NCs. After applying different voltages, the AZO NC film on the Al substrates exhibited different apparent temperatures, demonstrating its potential applications in infrared displays and camouflage.
The Impact of Rapid Drug Susceptibility Tests on Gonorrhea Burden and the Life Span of Antibiotic Treatments: A Modeling Study Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in the United States
Authors: Yaesoubi Reza , Xi Qin , Hsu Katherine , Gift Thomas L , St. Cyr Sancta B , Rönn Minttu M , Salomon Joshua A , Grad Yonatan H 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Rapid point-of-care tests that diagnose gonococcal infections and identify susceptibility to antibiotics enable individualized treatment. This could improve patient outcomes and slow the emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance. However, little is known about the long-term impact of such diagnostics on the burden of gonorrhea and the effective life span of antibiotics. We used a mathematical model of gonorrhea transmission among men who have sex with men in the United States to project the annual rate of reported gonorrhea cases and the effective life span of ceftriaxone, the recommended antibiotic for first-line treatment of gonorrhea, as well as 2 previously recommended antibiotics, ciprofloxacin and tetracycline, when a rapid drug susceptibility test that estimates susceptibility to ciprofloxacin and tetracycline is available. The use of a rapid drug susceptibility test with ≥50% sensitivity and ≥95% specificity, defined in terms of correct ascertainment of drug susceptibility and nonsusceptibility status, could increase the combined effective life span of ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, and ceftriaxone by at least 2 years over 25 years of simulation. If test specificity is imperfect, however, the increase in the effective life span of antibiotics is accompanied by an increase in the rate of reported gonorrhea cases even under perfect sensitivity.
Somatic mutation effects diffused over microRNA dysregulation
Authors: Yu Hui , Jiang Limin , Li Chung-I , Ness Scott , Piccirillo Sara G M , Guo Yan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Motivation
As an important player in transcriptome regulation, microRNAs may effectively diffuse somatic mutation impacts to broad cellular processes and ultimately manifest disease and dictate prognosis. Previous studies that tried to correlate mutation with gene expression dysregulation neglected to adjust for the disparate multitudes of false positives associated with unequal sample sizes and uneven class balancing scenarios.

Results
To properly address this issue, we developed a statistical framework to rigorously assess the extent of mutation impact on microRNAs in relation to a permutation-based null distribution of a matching sample structure. Carrying out the framework in a pan-cancer study, we ascertained 9008 protein-coding genes with statistically significant mutation impacts on miRNAs. Of these, the collective miRNA expression for 83 genes showed significant prognostic power in nine cancer types. For example, in lower-grade glioma, 10 genes’ mutations broadly impacted miRNAs, all of which showed prognostic value with the corresponding miRNA expression. Our framework was further validated with functional analysis and augmented with rich features including the ability to analyze miRNA isoforms; aggregative prognostic analysis; advanced annotations such as mutation type, regulator alteration, somatic motif, and disease association; and instructive visualization such as mutation OncoPrint, Ideogram, and interactive mRNA–miRNA network.

Availability and implementation
The data underlying this article are available in MutMix, at http://innovebioinfo.com/Database/TmiEx/MutMix.php.
Detection of locally adapted genomic regions in wild rice (Oryza rufipogon) using environmental association analysis
Authors: Bedford James A , Carine Mark , Chapman Mark A 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Oryza rufipogon is the wild progenitor of cultivated rice Oryza sativa and exhibits high levels of genetic diversity across its distribution, making it a useful resource for the identification of abiotic stress–tolerant varieties and genes that could limit future climate-changed–induced yield losses. To investigate local adaptation in O. rufipogon, we analyzed single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data from a panel of 286 samples located across a diverse range of climates. Environmental association analysis (EAA), a genome-wide association study (GWAS)-based method, was used and revealed 15 regions of the genome significantly associated with various climate factors. Genes within these environmentally associated regions have putative functions in abiotic stress response, phytohormone signaling, and the control of flowering time. This provides an insight into potential local adaptation in O. rufipogon and reveals possible locally adaptive genes that may provide opportunities for breeding novel rice varieties with climate change–resilient phenotypes.