bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A circulant inertia three Hopfield neuron system: dynamics, offset boosting, multistability and simple microcontroller- based practical implementation
Authors: Balaraman Sundarambal , Nzoulewa Dountsop Sandrine , Kengne Jacques , Rajagopal Karthikeyan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This work investigates the dynamics and implementation of a circulant inertia three Hopefield neuron model with each neuron activated by a non-monotonic Crespi function. Owing its source to the work previously done by Song and co-authors [Song et al (2019) Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering
16. 6406–6426], we propose a network made up of three neurons connected cyclically. We demonstrate that the model is capable of the coexistence of two, three, four, six, seven, eight and ten attractors basing on different initial states. The system is dissipative and presents fifteen unstable equilibrium points for a given rank of parameters. Accordingly, we demonstrate the Hopf bifurcation in the model when the bifurcation parameter is the first synaptic weight. Moreover, using bifurcation diagrams, Maximum Lyapunov Exponent diagram, phase portraits, two parameters Lyapunov diagrams, double-sided Poincaré section and basin of attraction, intriguing phenomena have been revealed such as hysteresis, coexistence of parallel branches of bifurcation, antimonotonicity and transient chaos to name a few. A number of coexisting attractors have been developed by the new network which can be used to build sophisticated cryptosystem or to explain the possible tasks of a brain in normal or abnormal cases. To verify the feasibility of the model, a microcontroller-based implementation has been used to demonstrate the period-doubling route to chaos obtained numerically.
Investigation of energetic ion losses induced by long-lived saturated internal mode with energetic particle diagnostics in the HL-2A tokamak
Authors: Zhang Jie , Zhang Yipo , Chen Wei , Cheng Shikui , Ogawa Kunihiro , He Xiaofei , Wang Yongqin , Liu Yi , Xu Min , Isobe Mitsutaka , Zhu Yuxuan , Zhan Xuwen , Zhou Jianhang , Zhang Jinglong , Liu Liang , He Xiaoxue , Li Dong , Li Yonggao , Guo Wenping , Yu Liming , Hao Guangzhou , Li Bo , Shi Zhongbing , Ji Xiaoquan , Zhong Wulv 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Several sets of energetic particle diagnostics, including a set of neutron flux monitoring systems, a solid-state neutral particle analyzer and a fast ion loss probe (FILP), have been used to investigate the energetic ion losses induced by the long-lived saturated internal mode (LLM) in the HL-2A tokamak. Clear experimental evidence for different levels of energetic ion losses induced by LLM, sawtooth and minor disruption has been observed. A numerical calculation for the evolution of neutron emissions was carried out with the FBURN code, and it shows that the neutron emission drop rate linearly increases with the LLM amplitude and no threshold perturbation amplitude exists, illustrating that the loss mechanism for LLM induced energetic ion loss is dominantly convective. In addition, measurement results of the FILP demonstrate that LLM tends to expel energetic ions with relatively low energy (

E
<
27

keV) and high pitch angle (

θ
>

60

∘

), and can suppress the prompt loss of energetic ions with high energy and low pitch angle to a certain degree. Furthermore, the physical process for LLM induced energetic ion loss can be explained by orbit calculations, which show that LLM induced lost energetic ions will transport from center to peripheral region first, and then get lost out of plasma. The experimental observations are successfully reproduced by calculations using the ORBIT code combined with both the NUBEAM code and the MARS-K code. The paper clearly describes the whole physical process of LLM induced energetic ion loss for the first time in the HL-2A tokamak.
Study on thermal deformation behavior and microstructure evolution of P550 high nitrogen austenitic stainless steel
Authors: Guo Wei 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The high nitrogen austenitic stainless steel is widely used as power generation and geological exploration equipment materials because of its excellent strength, corrosion resistance and non-magnetic. In this paper, the mechanical behavior and microstructure evolution of P550 steel in the range of 900 °C–1200 °C and 0.001–10 s−1 deformation conditions were studied by physical and heat treatment simulations, metallographic observations and thermal processing maps. The results showed that the flow curves quickly reach the peak and then soften to a steady state, which indicates dynamic recrystallization (DRX) behavior. DRX is easy to occur when the deformation temperature is above 1080 °C. The activation energy of the forged P550 stainless steel was calculated as 519 kJ mol−1. There is a positive correlation between the peak stress, DRX critical stress, strain and Z value of the tested steel. The instability of the tested steel is easy to produce in the high strain rate region and low temperature region during hot working. Crack germinates and expands preferentially at the ‘necklace structure’ of inadequate dynamic recrystallization. Under the deformation state of 0.001 s−1, coarse crystals and mixed crystals are easily emerged during subsequent heat treatment. Combining the hot working map, the maximum deformation resistance and the grain evolution behavior during hot working and heat treatment, the suggested working window is T = 1020 °C–1200 °C and έ = 0.01–1 s−1.
Microstructure and mechanical performance of laser additive manufacturing Ni50Ti40Cu10 and Ni45Ti40Cu15 alloy
Authors: Yingying Zhao , Hao Liu , Man Huang , Xia Chang , Jian Tu , jingmin Wang , Jie Zhou , Zhiming Zhou , Can Huang 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Ni-Ti-Cu alloy can not only prevent scale and biological adhesion, but also has applications in aerospace, automotive engineering, and nanotechnology. In this study, Ni50Ti40Cu10 and Ni45Ti40Cu15 alloy large-size thin-walled parts are prepared on the surface of Ti plates using laser additive manufacturing technology. The optimum operational parameters are explored through a two-factor controlled variable method, based on which the effects of TiC and TiB2 addition on the forming quality of Ni50Ti40Cu10 and Ni45Ti40Cu15 alloys are further investigated. SEM, EDS, and other testing methods are used to determine the microstructure composition and distribution, and the composition of the physical phases of the alloy. Finally, tensile and hardness tests are carried out to study the mechanical properties of the alloy. The results show that the better operational parameters for laser additive manufacturing of large-size thin-walled Ni50Ti40Cu10 and Ni45Ti40Cu15 alloys are 1250w laser power and 300 mm min−1 scanning speed. 0.6 wt% TiC addition can achieve better forming quality of the large-size thin-walled parts. The large-size thin-walled Ni50Ti40Cu10 alloy precipitates significantly more Ti2Ni strengthening phases than the large-size thin-walled Ni45Ti40Cu15 alloy. Ni50Ti40Cu10 alloy large-size thin-walled parts have 20% higher tensile strength and 45.4% higher elongation compared to Ni45Ti40Cu15 alloy. The average hardness of Ni45Ti40Cu15 large-size thin-walled parts is 3.4% lower than that of Ni50Ti40Cu10 alloy.
A review of nanomaterials and their applications in oil & petroleum industries
Authors: Roy Ayan , Kabra Dikshita , Pareek Garima , Kumari Kanak , Kashyap Pandali Pratyush , Naik Samriddhi , Chadha Utkarsh , Selvaraj Senthil Kumaran 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The swiftly growing global economies remain the root cause of the soaring demand for oil and gas to satisfy their excessive energy demands, thus making the oil and gas sector one of the most important industrial sectors. Though renewable energy technologies are the more sustainable option, technological advances are required to make them more accessible to the common people. Therefore, due to the limitation of renewable energy technologies, oil and gas continue to be a more viable alternative. Extensive research is being conducted on the applications of nanotechnology to make the upstream, midstream, and downstream processes efficient in the oil and gas sector. Nanomaterials make the activities in processing and transportation more economical, efficient, and environment-friendly than their conventional counterparts. In this review, we have highlighted the need for nanomaterials in oil and gas, for example, in crude oil exploration, including drilling and EOR, separation techniques, refining, transportation, and other related activities. Further, this review summarizes novel nanomaterials developed and used in the activities mentioned above, and at the end, we have briefly described the synthesis mechanism of these nanomaterials. Finally, we emphasize the current challenges and future work prospects in this area of study.
Steam cracker facilities in the United States: operations, emissions, and sociodemographic patterns of surrounding populations
Authors: Johnson Nicholaus P , Bell Michelle L , Perez Nicholas , Dubrow Robert , Deziel Nicole C 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background: Production of shale gas in the United States (US) increased more than 10-fold from 2008 to 2021, yielding greater quantities of hydrocarbon feedstocks and incentivizing expansion of petrochemical facilities. Steam crackers (SCs) convert hydrocarbon feedstocks into ethylene and propylene (the building blocks of plastics), while releasing toxic chemicals and greenhouse gases (GHGs). Analyses of environmental health and justice impacts of SCs are limited. Methods: We described SC operations, locations, and emissions, and evaluated sociodemographic characteristics of populations residing near SCs to better understand potential public health hazards and inform future studies. We summarized and described industry-reported emissions from the US Environmental Protection Agency’s Toxic Release Inventory and GHG Reporting Program. We compared population characteristics of US Census block groups ⩽5 km and >5 km from a steam cracker-containing facility (SCF) within the same county. Results: We identified 32 SCFs across five US states, with most in Texas and Louisiana. Toxic chemicals with the greatest reported cumulative air emissions in 1987–2019 were: ethylene, propylene, hydrochloric acid, benzene, n-hexane, 1,3-butadiene, ammonia, toluene, vinyl acetate, and methanol. Reported total annual GHG emissions were 4% higher in 2019 versus 2010, with total GHG emissions of >650 million metric tons (carbon dioxide equivalents) in 2010–2019. We found that 752 465 people live in census block groups ⩽5 km from an SCF, regardless of county. Compared to block groups >5 km away within the same county, block groups closer to SCFs had statistically significantly lower median incomes ($54 843 vs $67 866) and more vacant housing (15% vs 11%), and higher proportions of residents who were non-Hispanic Black (31% vs 19%) and unemployed (8% vs 6%). Conclusion: SCs emit substantial amounts of GHGs and toxic chemicals in locations with historically disadvantaged populations. Future research could further evaluate the accuracy of reported emissions, conduct monitoring in proximate communities, and assess population-level health impacts.
Measures of ability to learn, grow and make decisions among older persons: a systematic review of measurement properties
Authors: Mansor Norma , Awang Halimah , Amuthavalli Thiyagarajan Jotheeswaran , Mikton Christopher , Diaz Theresa 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
this study aims to conduct a systematic review on available instruments for measuring older persons’ ability to learn, grow and make decisions and to critically review the measurement properties of the identified instruments.

Methods
we searched six electronic databases, which include PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, SciELO, ERIC and AgeLine, between January 2000 and April 2022. Reference lists of the included papers were also manually searched. The COSMIN (CONsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement Instruments) guidelines were used to evaluate the measurement properties and the quality of evidence for each instrument.

Results
13 instruments from 29 studies were included for evaluation of their measurement properties. Of the 13 reviewed, 6 were on the ability to learn, 3 were on the ability to grow and 4 were on the ability to make decisions. The review found no single instrument that measured all three constructs in unidimensional or multidimensional scales. Many of the instruments were found to have sufficient overall rating on content validity, structural validity, internal consistency and cross-cultural validity. The quality of evidence was rated as low due to a limited number of related validation studies.

Conclusion
a few existing instruments to assess the ability to learn, grow and make decisions of older people can be identified in the literature. Further research is needed in validating them against functional, real-world outcomes.
Neurocognitive Test Performance and Concussion-Like Symptom Reporting Among Adolescent Athletes With Self-Reported Autism on Preseason Assessments
Authors: Cook Nathan E , Iverson Ila A , Maxwell Bruce , Zafonte Ross , Berkner Paul D , Iverson Grant L 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
To examine baseline neurocognitive functioning and symptom reporting among adolescents with self-reported autism.

Method
Participants in this cross-sectional, observational study were 60,751 adolescents who completed preseason testing. There were 425 students (0.7%) who self-reported an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) diagnosis. Cognitive functioning was measured by Immediate Post-Concussion Assessment and Cognitive Testing and symptom ratings were obtained from the Post-Concussion Symptom Scale.

Results
Groups differed significantly across all neurocognitive composites (p values &lt;.002); effect size magnitudes for most differences were small, though among boys a noteworthy difference on visual memory and among girls differences on verbal memory and visual motor speed composites were noted. Among boys, the ASD group endorsed 21 of the 22 symptoms at a greater rate. Among girls, the ASD group endorsed 11 of the 22 symptoms at a greater rate. Some examples of symptoms that were endorsed at a higher rate among adolescents with self-reported autism were sensitivity to noise (girls: odds ratio, OR = 4.38; boys: OR = 4.99), numbness or tingling (girls: OR = 3.67; boys: OR = 3.25), difficulty remembering (girls: OR = 2.01; boys: OR = 2.49), difficulty concentrating (girls: OR = 1.82; boys: OR = 2.40), sensitivity to light (girls: OR = 1.82; boys: OR = 1.76), sadness (girls: OR = 1.72; boys: OR = 2.56), nervousness (girls: OR = 1.80; boys: OR = 2.27), and feeling more emotional (girls: OR = 1.79; boys: OR = 2.84).

Conclusion
Students with self-reported autism participating in organized sports likely experience a low degree of functional impairment, on average. If they sustain a concussion, their clinical management should be more intensive to maximize the likelihood of swift and favorable recovery.
Heterogeneity changes of active bacterial community on cigar filler leaves after fermentation based on metagenome
Authors: Yao Lan , Ding Jingyi , Zhang Tongtong , Jia Youpiao , Dai Jun , Zheng Xueyun , Yu Jun , Yang Chunlei , Chen Xiong 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
Microorganisms play an important role in cigar fermentation. To further explore the dynamic changes of bacterial community composition, the changes of surface bacterial diversity of cigar filler leaves were investigated in the present study by high-throughput sequencing technology. It was found that the surface bacterial richness was declined after fermentation, and the dominant microorganisms on the surface of cigar filler leaves evolved from Pseudomonas spp. and Sphingomonas spp. before fermentation to Staphylococcus spp. after fermentation. The chemical composition and sensory quality evaluation of cigar filler leaves were closely related to the changes of surface bacterial community. The changes of the dominant surface bacterial community led to the differences of metabolic functions, among which the metabolic pathways such as the synthesis of secondary metabolites, carbon metabolism, and amino acid biosynthesis were significantly different. The results provide a basis for clarifying the roles of bacteria in fermentation of cigar filler leaves.
MCPNet: a parallel maximum capacity-based genome-scale gene network construction framework
Authors: Pan Tony C , Chockalingam Sriram P , Aluru Maneesha , Aluru Srinivas 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Motivation
Gene network reconstruction from gene expression profiles is a compute- and data-intensive problem. Numerous methods based on diverse approaches including mutual information, random forests, Bayesian networks, correlation measures, as well as their transforms and filters such as data processing inequality, have been proposed. However, an effective gene network reconstruction method that performs well in all three aspects of computational efficiency, data size scalability, and output quality remains elusive. Simple techniques such as Pearson correlation are fast to compute but ignore indirect interactions, while more robust methods such as Bayesian networks are prohibitively time consuming to apply to tens of thousands of genes.

Results
We developed maximum capacity path (MCP) score, a novel maximum-capacity-path-based metric to quantify the relative strengths of direct and indirect gene–gene interactions. We further present MCPNet, an efficient, parallelized gene network reconstruction software based on MCP score, to reverse engineer networks in unsupervised and ensemble manners. Using synthetic and real Saccharomyces cervisiae datasets as well as real Arabidopsis thaliana datasets, we demonstrate that MCPNet produces better quality networks as measured by AUPRC, is significantly faster than all other gene network reconstruction software, and also scales well to tens of thousands of genes and hundreds of CPU cores. Thus, MCPNet represents a new gene network reconstruction tool that simultaneously achieves quality, performance, and scalability requirements.

Availability and implementation
Source code freely available for download at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6499747 and https://github.com/AluruLab/MCPNet, implemented in C++ and supported on Linux.
Mistle: bringing spectral library predictions to metaproteomics with an efficient search index
Authors: Nowatzky Yannek , Benner Philipp , Reinert Knut , Muth Thilo 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Motivation
Deep learning has moved to the forefront of tandem mass spectrometry-driven proteomics and authentic prediction for peptide fragmentation is more feasible than ever. Still, at this point spectral prediction is mainly used to validate database search results or for confined search spaces. Fully predicted spectral libraries have not yet been efficiently adapted to large search space problems that often occur in metaproteomics or proteogenomics.

Results
In this study, we showcase a workflow that uses Prosit for spectral library predictions on two common metaproteomes and implement an indexing and search algorithm, Mistle, to efficiently identify experimental mass spectra within the library. Hence, the workflow emulates a classic protein sequence database search with protein digestion but builds a searchable index from spectral predictions as an in-between step. We compare Mistle to popular search engines, both on a spectral and database search level, and provide evidence that this approach is more accurate than a database search using MSFragger. Mistle outperforms other spectral library search engines in terms of run time and proves to be extremely memory efficient with a 4- to 22-fold decrease in RAM usage. This makes Mistle universally applicable to large search spaces, e.g. covering comprehensive sequence databases of diverse microbiomes.

Availability and implementation
Mistle is freely available on GitHub at https://github.com/BAMeScience/Mistle.
Clinical validation of 3D-printed swabs in adults and children for SARS-CoV-2 detection
Authors: Sanchez-Sandoval Ana Laura , Sánchez-Pérez Celia , García-García José Antonio , Uriega-González Silvia Plata , Guerrero-Avendaño Guadalupe Mercedes Lucía , Barrón-Palma Eira Valeria 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThroughout the entire coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic, there were disruptions in the supply chain of test materials around the world, primarily in poor- and middle-income countries. The use of 3D prints is an alternative to address swab supply shortages. In this study, the feasibility of the clinical use of 3D-printed swabs for oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal sampling for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 infection was evaluated. For that purpose, paired samples with the 3D printed and the control swabs were taken from 42 adult patients and 10 pediatric patients, and the results obtained in the detection of SARS-CoV-2 by reverse transcription and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) were compared. Additionally, in those cases where the result was positive for SARS-CoV-2, the viral load was calculated by means of a mathematical algorithm proposed by us. For both adults and children, satisfactory results were obtained in the detection of SARS-CoV-2 by RT-qPCR; no significant differences were found in the quantification cycle values between the 3D-printed swab samples and the control samples. Furthermore, we corroborated that the 3D-printed swabs caused less discomfort and pain at the time of sampling. In conclusion, this study shows the feasibility of routinely using 3D-printed swabs for both adults and children. In this way, it is possible to maintain local and cheaper consumption along with fewer distribution difficulties.