bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Higher fibular head is a risk for lateral hinge fracture in medial open wedge high tibial osteotomy
Authors: Yoshida Keiichi , Kubota Mitsuaki , Kaneko Haruka , Kim Youngji , Kobayashi Keiji , Hada Shinnosuke , Saita Yoshitomo , Ishijima Muneaki 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPurposeTo examine the association between the hinge position, fibular head position, and type III lateral hinge fracture (LHF) in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA) who underwent medial open wedge high tibial osteotomy (MOWHTO).MethodsThis retrospective study examined patients who underwent MOWHTO. Radiographically, the Kellgren–Lawrence (K/L) classification, distance between the articular surface and the tip of the fibular head (fibular head position), hinge point (hinge position), type of LHF, and safe zone (within the proximal tibiofibular joint) outlier were evaluated. To determine the cut‐off value of the hinge position and fibular head position associated with type III LHF, a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed. The odds ratio (OR) was calculated from the obtained cut‐off values using logistic regression, which was adjusted by age, gender, body mass index, and opening distance.ResultsAmong 132 knees in 120 patients, the radiographic severity of knee OA was 19 (14%), 73 (55%), and 40 (30%) of K/L grades 2, 3, and 4, respectively. LHF was observed in 40 knees (30%), including types I, II, and III fractures in 21 (16%), 5 (4%), and 14 (11%) knees, respectively. Hinge and fibular head positions were 16 and 10 mm, respectively, with significant correlation. Safe zone outlier was observed in 38 knees (29%). The hinge and fibular head positions with type III LHF were significantly higher (more cranial) than those with no fracture or other LHF subtypes. The ROC curve revealed that the cut‐off value for the hinge and fibular head positions was 13.3 and 8.6 mm, respectively. The OR of the hinge and fibular head positions was 22.42 and 13.86, respectively.ConclusionsA higher hinge position was a risk factor for type III LHF and was associated with a higher fibular head in patients with knee OA who underwent MOWHTO. The hinge position should be placed at a certain distance from the articular surface to avoid type III LHF, especially in participants with higher fibular head position, even if the hinge position is located in the safe zone.Level of evidenceRetrospective cohort study, Level III.
Novel cross wedge rolling method for producing railcar axles
Authors: Pater Zbigniew , Tomczak Janusz , Bulzak Tomasz 
Published: August 2023

AbstractRailcar axles are large-size parts manufactured in large batches using forging methods. More efficient methods of manufacturing railcar axles are currently being sought. A promising line of research in this respect is connected with the use of cross wedge rolling (CWR). Nonetheless, there exist no rolling mills that would make it possible to manufacture such large-size parts as railcar axles. A solution to this problem was inspired by the symmetric shape of a railcar axle, which makes it possible to roll this part in two passes using the same tools. Taking advantage of the potential offered by numerical modelling, simulations were made of two rolling processes for producing a railcar axle type BA302, i.e. one process was conducted with the use of two rolls and the other with two flat tools moving in the opposite directions. Numerical results demonstrated that railcar axles produced by the proposed rolling process had neither external nor internal (cracks) defects. The effectiveness of the developed CWR method was ultimately confirmed by the high quality of railcar axles that were produced (in a scale of 1:5) under industrial conditions at the Lublin University of Technology.
A Study of Sponge Symbionts from Different Light Habitats
Authors: Cleary D. F. R. , de Voogd N. J. , Stuij T. M. , Swierts T. , Oliveira V. , Polónia A. R. M. , Louvado A. , Gomes N. C. M. , Coelho F. J. R. C. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe amount of available light plays a key role in the growth and development of microbial communities. In the present study, we tested to what extent sponge-associated prokaryotic communities differed between specimens of the sponge species Cinachyrella kuekenthali and Xestospongia muta collected in dimly lit (caves and at greater depths) versus illuminated (shallow water) habitats. In addition to this, we also collected samples of water, sediment, and another species of Cinachyrella, C. alloclada. Overall, the biotope (sponge host species, sediment, and seawater) proved the major driver of variation in prokaryotic community composition. The light habitat, however, also proved a predictor of compositional variation in prokaryotic communities of both C. kuekenthali and X. muta. We used an exploratory technique based on machine learning to identify features (classes, orders, and OTUs), which distinguished X. muta specimens sampled in dimly lit versus illuminated habitat. We found that the classes Alphaproteobacteria and Rhodothermia and orders Puniceispirillales, Rhodospirillales, Rhodobacterales, and Thalassobaculales were associated with specimens from illuminated, i.e., shallow water habitat, while the classes Dehalococcoidia, Spirochaetia, Entotheonellia, Nitrospiria, Schekmanbacteria, and Poribacteria, and orders Sneathiellales and Actinomarinales were associated with specimens sampled from dimly lit habitat. There was, however, considerable variation within the different light habitats highlighting the importance of other factors in structuring sponge-associated bacterial communities.
Multi-task deep learning-based radiomic nomogram for prognostic prediction in locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Gu Bingxin , Meng Mingyuan , Xu Mingzhen , Feng David Dagan , Bi Lei , Kim Jinman , Song Shaoli 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Prognostic prediction is crucial to guide individual treatment for locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (LA-NPC) patients. Recently, multi-task deep learning was explored for joint prognostic prediction and tumor segmentation in various cancers, resulting in promising performance. This study aims to evaluate the clinical value of multi-task deep learning for prognostic prediction in LA-NPC patients.

Methods
A total of 886 LA-NPC patients acquired from two medical centers were enrolled including clinical data, [18F]FDG PET/CT images, and follow-up of progression-free survival (PFS). We adopted a deep multi-task survival model (DeepMTS) to jointly perform prognostic prediction (DeepMTS-Score) and tumor segmentation from FDG-PET/CT images. The DeepMTS-derived segmentation masks were leveraged to extract handcrafted radiomics features, which were also used for prognostic prediction (AutoRadio-Score). Finally, we developed a multi-task deep learning-based radiomic (MTDLR) nomogram by integrating DeepMTS-Score, AutoRadio-Score, and clinical data. Harrell's concordance indices (C-index) and time-independent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis were used to evaluate the discriminative ability of the proposed MTDLR nomogram. For patient stratification, the PFS rates of high- and low-risk patients were calculated using Kaplan–Meier method and compared with the observed PFS probability.

Results
Our MTDLR nomogram achieved C-index of 0.818 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.785–0.851), 0.752 (95% CI: 0.638–0.865), and 0.717 (95% CI: 0.641–0.793) and area under curve (AUC) of 0.859 (95% CI: 0.822–0.895), 0.769 (95% CI: 0.642–0.896), and 0.730 (95% CI: 0.634–0.826) in the training, internal validation, and external validation cohorts, which showed a statistically significant improvement over conventional radiomic nomograms. Our nomogram also divided patients into significantly different high- and low-risk groups.

Conclusion
Our study demonstrated that MTDLR nomogram can perform reliable and accurate prognostic prediction in LA-NPC patients, and also enabled better patient stratification, which could facilitate personalized treatment planning.
HLA-B*44 and the Bw4-80T motif are associated with poor outcome of relapse-preventive immunotherapy in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Komic Hana , Hallner Alexander , Hussein Brwa Ali , Badami Chiara , Wöhr Anne , Hellstrand Kristoffer , Bernson Elin , Thorén Fredrik B. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHLA-B alleles are associated with outcomes in various pathologies, including autoimmune diseases and malignancies. The encoded HLA-B proteins are pivotal in antigen presentation to cytotoxic T cells, and some variants containing a Bw4 motif also serve as ligands to the killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) 3DL1/S1 of NK cells. We investigated the potential impact of HLA-B genotypes on the efficacy of immunotherapy for relapse prevention in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Seventy-eight non-transplanted AML patients receiving HDC/IL-2 in the post-consolidation phase were genotyped for HLA-B and KIR genes. HLA-B*44 heralded impaired LFS (leukemia-free survival) and overall survival (OS), but the negative association with outcome was not shared across alleles of the HLA-B44 supertype. Notably, HLA-B*44 is one of few HLA-B44 supertype alleles containing a Bw4 motif with a threonine at position 80, which typically results in weak binding to the inhibitory NK receptor, KIR3DL1. Accordingly, a strong interaction between KIR3DL1 and Bw4 was associated with superior LFS and OS (p = 0.014 and p = 0.027, respectively). KIR3DL1+ NK cells from 80 T-Bw4 donors showed significantly lower degranulation responses and cytokine responses than NK cells from 80I-Bw4 donors, suggesting impaired KIR3DL1-mediated education in 80 T-Bw4 subjects. We propose that presence of a strong KIR3DL1+–Bw4 interaction improves NK cell education and thus is advantageous in AML patients receiving HDC/IL-2 immunotherapy for relapse prevention.
A population-based projection of psoriatic arthritis in Germany until 2050: analysis of national statutory health insurance data of 65 million German population
Authors: Wang Jiancong , Tulka Sabrina , Knippschild Stephanie , Schneider Matthias , Distler Jörg H. W. , Baraliakos Xenofon , Brinks Ralph , Sewerin Philipp 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe population-based prevalence of psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is still unclear and not well described globally. The aim of this study was to conduct a population-based prevalence projection and provide long-term future estimations of PsA patients in Germany until 2050, using the illness–death model and based on historical data. We analyzed the national statutory health insurance data of 65 million population in the German Institute for Medical Documentation and Information between January 2009 and December 2012. We constructed an estimation of the PsA burden among the German population using the relevant epidemiological parameters to project the numbers of patients with PsA in Germany until 2050 under five possible scenarios by varying the incidence and mortality. The overall conservatively estimated prevalence of PsA in Germany in 2019 was 0.31% (95% CI 0.28–0.36%). Women contribute a higher prevalence than men in all five scenarios. In the assumed scenarios with increased incidence, the prevalence of PsA at 60 years of age could rise from 1% in 2019 to more than 3% in 2050 for both genders, with the increase particularly pronounced for women, reaching around 3.5%. However, in the assumed scenarios with decreasing incidence, the prevalence curve may flatten and begin a decreasing trend from 2035 to 2050 for both genders, achieving a prevalence of less than 1% in 2050. Our research is to generate assumed population-based data on PsA in Germany that can serve as a reference for public health stakeholders to prepare an optional intervention. We would expect worryingly high numbers in the coming decades if preventive strategies are not implemented. In the long term, it will be necessary to implement preventive strategies to identify predictors and treat psoriasis symptoms early in order to delay or even prevent the transition of psoriasis to PsA.
Indirect signs of infravesical obstruction on voiding cystourethrography improve post-neonatal posterior urethral valves detection rate
Authors: Marzuillo Pierluigi , Belfiore Maria Paola , Di Sessa Anna , Torino Giovanni , Roberti Agnese , Balzano Marialuisa , Reginelli Alfonso , Cappabianca Salvatore , Miraglia del Giudice Emanuele , La Manna Angela , Guarino Stefano , Di Iorio Giovanni 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objectives
To identify the diagnostic performance of clinical and radiological signs (on voiding cystourethrography [VCUG]) to detect posterior urethral valves (PUV) in the post-neonatal period.

Materials and methods
One hundred eighteen males (median age = 0.8 years, range = 1 month–14 years, 48 toilet-trained) undergoing VCUG in a 2-year period were prospectively enrolled. Direct (dilated posterior urethra) and indirect (hypertrophied bladder neck, musculus interuretericus hypertrophy, and trabeculated appearance of the bladder wall) PUV signs on VCUG were assessed. Uroflowmetry was defined pathological by patterns suggesting infravesical obstruction.

Results
Twenty-two patients with direct, 28 with indirect PUV signs on VCUG, and one with normal VCUG but persisting micturition symptoms with pathological uroflowmetry underwent urethrocystoscopy and in 43/51 a PUV diagnosis was made (n = 22, 51.2%, with direct PUV signs). In 8/28 patients with indirect signs, PUV were not confirmed. Among non-toilet-trained patients, none of the clinical signs/symptoms was associated with PUV while among toilet-trained patients only pathological uroflowmetry (odds ratio, OR = 4.0 [95% confidence interval:1.2–13.2; p = 0.02]) and pathological uroflowmetry with history of urinary tract infection (OR = infinity) were significantly associated with PUV. Significant associations with PUV of direct and indirect signs on VCUG were found both in toilet-trained and non-toilet trained patients. Direct PUV sign had 100% specificity and sensitivity while indirect PUV signs showed sensitivity = 58.1% and specificity = 89.3%. The absence of any radiological sign had a negative predictive value = 98.5%.

Conclusion
Only half of patients with endoscopy-confirmed PUV presents with direct sign of PUV on VCUG. Accounting for indirect PUV signs on VCUG and pathological uroflowmetry (in toilet-trained children) could improve the PUV detection rate.

Clinical relevance statement
Indirect radiological PUV signs should be valorized when interpreting VCUG to improve the PUV detection rate. The absence of any radiological PUV (direct and indirect) sign on VCUG excludes PUV with a very high negative predictive value.

Key Points
• Worldwide agreement is that a non-dilated urethra on voiding cystourethrography excludes obstruction.
• Half of patients with posterior urethral valves have non-dilated urethra on voiding cystourethrography.
• Accounting for indirect signs of posterior urethral valves on voiding cystourethrography improves the diagnostic performance.
Predicting complicated appendicitis is possible without the use of sectional imaging—presenting the NoCtApp score
Authors: Strohäker Jens , Brüschke Martin , Feng You-Shan , Beltzer Christian , Königsrainer Alfred , Ladurner Ruth 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Appendicitis is among the most common acute conditions treated by general surgery. While uncomplicated appendicitis (UA) can be treated delayed or even non-operatively, complicated appendicitis (CA) is a serious condition with possible long-term morbidity that should be managed with urgent appendectomy. Distinguishing both conditions is usually done with computed tomography. The goal of this study was to develop a model to reliably predict CA with widespread available clinical and laboratory parameters and without the use of sectional imaging.

Methods
Data from 1132 consecutive patients treated for appendicitis between 2014 and 2021 at a tertiary care hospital were used for analyses. Based on year of treatment, the data was divided into training (n = 696) and validation (n = 436) samples. Using the development sample, candidate predictors for CA—patient age, gender, body mass index (BMI), American Society of Anesthesiologist (ASA) score, duration of symptoms, white blood count (WBC), total bilirubin and C-reactive protein (CRP) on admission and free fluid on ultrasound—were first investigated using univariate logistic regression models and then included in a multivariate model. The final development model was tested on the validation sample.

Results
In the univariate analysis age, BMI, ASA score, symptom duration, WBC, bilirubin, CRP, and free fluid each were statistically significant predictors of CA (each p < 0.001) while gender was not (p = 0.199). In the multivariate analysis BMI and bilirubin were not predictive and therefore not included in the final development model which was built from 696 patients. The final development model was significant (x2 = 304.075, p < 0.001) with a sensitivity of 61.7% and a specificity of 92.1%. The positive predictive value (PPV) was 80.4% with a negative predictive value (NPV) of 82.0%. The receiver operator characteristic of the final model had an area under the curve of 0.861 (95% confidence interval 0.830–0.891, p < 0.001. We simplified this model to create the NoCtApp score. Patients with a point value of ≤ 2 had a NPV 95.8% for correctly ruling out CA.

Conclusions
Correctly identifying CA is helpful for optimizing patient treatment when they are diagnosed with appendicitis. Our logistic regression model can aid in correctly distinguishing UA and CA even without utilizing computed tomography.
Solid–Liquid Phase Transitions of Triglycerides in Griebenschmalz, Smalec, and Fedt Studied Using 13C Solid-State NMR with Dynamics-Based Spectral Filtering
Authors: Bernin Diana , Leventaki Emmanouela , Topgaard Daniel 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe consumer satisfaction of lard-based bread spreads depends on a delicate balance between a liquid fat phase, allowing the spread to flow, and solid fat crystals, providing the product with substance sometimes further enhanced by crispy pork cracklings. Here we apply 13C solid-state NMR with dynamics-based spectral filtering to characterize and follow the temperature dependence of the co-existing solid and liquid triglyceride phases in commercial German Griebenschmalz and Polish smalec, both containing cracklings, as well as home-made Danish fedt and, as a chemically more pure reference, German Schweineschmalz intended for baking. The NMR method allows detection of carbon atoms representative of saturated, unsaturated, and polyunsaturated acyl chains in both solid and liquid states. The results show that the solid comprises multiple crystal forms with different melting temperatures, while the liquid is at low temperature enriched in triglycerides with shorter acyl chains and higher degree of unsaturation, which become diluted with long-chain saturated triglycerides as the solids are melting. The obtained deeper understanding of the concomitant aspects of the phase transitions may pave the way for future efforts of rational optimization of fat blend composition to extend the temperature range over which the product contains sufficient amounts of both solids and liquids to give texture properties appealing to consumers.
Influence of miniscrew-assisted rapid palatal expansion (MARPE) on the interdental papilla height of maxillary central incisors
Authors: Chen Hao , Kapetanović Aldin , Piao Zhengguo , Xi Tong , Schols Jan G. J. H. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objectives
To evaluate the influence of miniscrew-assisted rapid palatal expansion (MARPE) on the interdental papilla height of maxillary central incisors.

Materials and methods
Patients who completed MARPE treatment at the Radboud University Medical Center between 2018 and 2021 were included in this retrospective study. The papilla height between the maxillary central incisors was evaluated on frontal intraoral photographs taken before expansion (T0) and 1.5 years after MARPE treatment (T1) using the Jemt classification. The difference in Jemt score at T0 and T1 was the primary outcome variable. In addition, gender, age, Angle classification, MARPE duration, midpalatal suture maturation stage, maximal central diastema (MCD) immediately after expansion, crown width to length ratio (W/L), pretreatment overlap of maxillary central incisors, and the distance between the approximal contact point of the central incisors and the bone crest (CP-B) were also record.

Results
Twenty-two patients were included (2 men, 20 women, mean age 27.3 ± 8.8 years) and 4 patients (18%) showed a significant reduction in the Jemt score following MARPE (p = 0.04), indicating papilla recession. Interdental papilla recession was significantly associated with the increase of CP-B (p = 0.02), smaller W/L (p < 0.01), overlapping of maxillary central incisors (p < 0.01), and smaller MCD immediately after expansion (p = 0.02).

Conclusions
One and a half years after MARPE, 18% of patients exhibited mild recession of papilla height of the maxillary central incisors. Overlapping and smaller W/L of maxillary central incisors were prognostic factors for interdental papilla recession.

Clinical relevance
Clinicians have to be aware of and inform the patients about the occurrence of papilla recession following MARPE.
Evaluating the effectiveness of virtual reality for safety-relevant training: a systematic review
Authors: Stefan Hans , Mortimer Michael , Horan Ben 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe commercial release of affordable, low-cost, and consumer-ready virtual reality (VR) devices has increased the accessibility for researchers to investigate the benefits of VR technology including those aimed at education and training. VR technology provides several opportunities that may provide benefits over traditional training methods, this is particularly relevant for safety training due to its ability to safely simulate dangerous scenarios that would otherwise be difficult to access. When implementing a new technology, it is important to evaluate and validate its effectiveness. This paper presents a systematic review of VR safety-relevant training studies that perform an evaluation of their effectiveness. This comprehensive review includes 136 studies published between 2016 and August 2021. Results presented in this paper include application domains, study objectives, study designs, and evaluation measures. Results show that the majority of studies were applicable to health services with the majority focusing on effectiveness evaluation using true- or quasi-experimental design. This study then categorizes each reported evaluation measure into one of the four levels in Kirkpatrick’s model for training evaluation, results showed that the majority of studies evaluated learning (72.06%) and reaction (66.18%) levels with very few studies evaluating behavior and results levels. This study concludes by providing insights and recommendations to help future researchers make informed decisions when designing an effectiveness evaluation study for VR safety-relevant training applications.