bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiac function evaluation in children with primary nephrotic syndrome
Authors: Milad Dina A.G. 
Published: January 2025

Background
Pediatrics with nephrotic syndrome (NS) have an increased prevalence of cardiac difficulties. Several risk factors enhance the increase of cardiac modification such as elevation of blood pressure, cholesterol level, increased BMI, inflammation, prolonged treatment with steroids and other drugs that suppress the immunity, hypercoagulability state, and stress.

Aim
The aim of this work was to evaluate cardiac function in children with primary NS using echocardiography.

Patients and methods
This case–control study was conducted on 60 children. They were subdivided into three groups: group Ι; 20 cases steroid sensitive NS. Group II 20 cases with steroid resistant NS. Group ΙΙΙ; 20 healthy children with matched age and sex as controls. All patients undergo medical history taking, clinical examination, and investigations: laboratory investigations (complete blood count, complete urine analysis, 24-h urine collection for proteinuria and urine volume, blood urea, and serum creatinine, total and ionized calcium level, serum proteins and albumin, total serum cholesterol, liver enzymes; alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, antinuclear antibody and Complement C3 and C4). Radiological investigations (plain chest radiography, ECG, and echocardiographic examination (M Mode echocardiography, two-dimensional echocardiography).

Results
There was a significant increase in left ventricular mass and left ventricular mass index in the nephrotic children.

Conclusion
Echocardiography provides a widespread evaluation of cardiac functions.
Neurodevelopmental outcome in children after pregnancy with assisted reproductive technology
Authors: Hamed Rasha A. , Al-Shahawy Azza K. , Eltokhy Abeer A.R. , Darwish Amira Hamed 
Published: January 2025

Background
Assisted reproductive technology (ART) has been increasingly utilized in the recent years.

Aim
This study aimed to evaluate the neurodevelopmental outcomes in children conceived with ART.

Patients and methods
This retrospective cohort study included 100 children: 50 children conceived via ART and 50 children of matched age and sex who were conceived normally. Children were evaluated at the age of 2 years using the Denver Developmental Screening Test (Denver II), Child Behavior Checklist, and Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddler Revised with Follow-up (M-CHAT-R/F).

Results
The ART-conceived children had a significantly lower gestational age than children of normal conception. No significant difference in the Denver test and Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddler Revised with Follow-up between the ART-conceived children and normally conceived children. ART-conceived children had a statistically significant higher total score of the Child Behavior Checklist than naturally conceived children. Statistically significant higher scores of oppositional defiant problems, aggression, and anxiety/stress problems were found in ART-conceived children than in children of normal conception.

Conclusion
The neurodevelopment of children conceived by ART was similar to that of the naturally conceived children at the age of 2 years. ART-conceived children could be more prone to behavioral problems.
Correlation of lung ultrasound with chest computed tomography in lung contusions in blunt chest trauma
Authors: Hawam Asmaa E. , Elatafy Elatafy E. , Dawoud Rasha M. , Ibrahim Hala D. 
Published: January 2025

Background
Lung ultrasound (LUS) may help in identifying pathologic pericardial and intrathoracic free fluid and potentially pneumothorax. It enables clinicians to diagnose unstable patients quickly and inexpensively.

Aim
This work aimed to assess the accuracy of LUS to detect lung contusion compared with chest computed tomography (CT).

Patients and methods
This prospective study was carried out on 30 patients aged more than 18 years old, both sexes, all blunt chest trauma patients presented with respiratory manifestations such as dyspnea and chest pain, unconscious or apneic patients. Ultrasound, multi-slice CT, and plain chest radiography were assessed to all patients.

Results
There was an agreement between CT findings and LUS findings. LUS can detect lung contusion with 74.1% sensitivity, 66.7% specificity, 95.2% positive predictive value 22.2% negative predictive value, and 73.3% accuracy. CT findings on admission, associated lung energy, admission, intensive care unit, ward, length of stay, ventilation, O2 mask, nasal cannula, and mechanical ventilator, fate, improvement, conversion from O2 mask to mechanical ventilator, conversion from the mechanical ventilator to O2 mask and death were insignificantly different among groups. Arterial blood gases, complete blood count = parameters, chest injuries, pneumothorax, hemothorax, rib fracture, and surgical emphysema were insignificantly different among groups.

Conclusions
Emergency chest ultrasound, conducted as part of a primary survey of the traumatized patient, can diagnose lung contusion quickly and reliably, and is a useful method to supplement the immediate clinical assessment of these patients.
Protective impact of melatonin on paclitaxel induced damage on skeletal muscle fibers in albino rats
Authors: Elfaiomy Salma K.A.S. , Elnasr Suzan E.A. , Kassab Amira A. , Eldeeb Thoraya A.E. 
Published: January 2025

Background
Paclitaxel is a chemotherapy used for the treatment of solid cancers. Patients receiving paclitaxel report fatigue. Melatonin is anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiapoptotic. It is safe for human.

Aim
To evaluate the histological impact of paclitaxel on the skeletal muscle of rats and the potential protective effects of melatonin.

Materials and methods
Thirty-five albino rats were categorized into four groups. Group I contained 10 rats that were used as the control group. Group II comprised 5 rats that were administered a daily oral suspension of melatonin at a dosage of 5 mg/kg for 2 months. Group III included 10 rats given paclitaxel through intraperitoneal injection at a dosage of 16 mg/kg, diluted in 1 ml of normal saline, once weekly for 5 consecutive weeks. Group IV contained 10 rats that received melatonin and paclitaxel concomitantly at the same doses and duration as mentioned in group II and group III. Skeletal muscle specimens were processed to be examined by the light microscope.

Results
The paclitaxel injected group showed alteration in the histological structure of skeletal muscle. There were wide spaces between muscle bundles and between individual muscle fibers with an apparent increase in the connective tissue component of endomysium and perimysium. Congestion of the blood vessels and hemorrhage were observed. There was a discontinuation of muscle fibers and internalization of myonuclei. Most of the alternations were less pronounced in paclitaxel injected rats that received melatonin.

Conclusion
Melatonin could protect the skeletal muscle against changes induced by paclitaxel through its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiapoptotic effects.
Accuracy of three-dimensional ultrasound and power Doppler in prediction of endometrial carcinoma in women with postmenopausal bleeding
Authors: Elmorsy Aya M.A. , Al-Ebiary Mona T. , El-Shorbagy Safinaz H. , El-Naggar Ramy M. 
Published: January 2025

Background
Transvaginal sonographies in two dimensions have traditionally been the primary method for evaluating the endometrium. However, three-dimensional (3D) ultrasonography (US) can save entire volumes.

Aim
The research aimed to evaluate the precision of 3D US and power Doppler indices in predicting the incidence of endometrial cancer in women experiencing postmenopausal bleeding. Additionally, the ultrasound results were compared with the histopathologic findings of endometrial biopsies.

Patients and methods
This research was conducted on a sample of 100 women aged 40–60 years old, with BMI ranging from 18.5 to 38 kg/m2. Participants were postmenopausal (having no menstruation for at least 1 year) and had a uterine hemorrhage and an endometrial thickness (ET) of more than 4 mm. Patients underwent assessment of two-dimensional and 3D transvaginal US as well as three-dimensional power Doppler imaging.

Results
The ET and endometrial volume (EV) were significantly higher in suspected malignant than benign groups (P<0.001). ET and EV can predict the occurrence of endometrial cancer, respectively, at cut-off more than 14.2 mm (area under the curve=0.880 and P<0.001) and more than 7.5 cm3 (area under the curve=0.902 and P<0.001) with 80% sensitivity, 74.12%, 100%specificity, 35.3%, 100% positive predictive value, and 95.5%, 96.6% negative predictive value. The vascularization index was significantly higher in suspected malignant than benign (P<0.001).

Conclusion
EV and Doppler of endometrial vascularization index together were good diagnostic tools for early prediction of subtle pathology of endometrial carcinoma. Histopathological examinations of endometrial biopsies were the gold standard for the final diagnosis of endometrial carcinoma.
Evaluating Access to Neuropsychological Services for Individuals With Spina Bifida: Insights From the 2022 Provider Survey
Authors: Jordan Lizabeth L. , Costello Rosalia , MacDonald Beatriz , Heffelfinger Amy , Jones Erin F. , Zabel T. Andrew , Queally Jennifer T. 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Many people with spina bifida (SB) have congenital brain malformations and receive neurosurgical intervention that can impact cognitive, behavioral, and emotional functioning. The Spina Bifida Association's (SBA) guidelines for care recommend that people with SB have neuropsychology evaluations to assess cognitive, behavioral, and emotional functioning throughout their lifespan; however, people with SB anecdotally report having trouble finding and accessing such care.

Objectives:
The goal of this study was to gain information about neuropsychology services available to people with SB and identify possible barriers to care.

Methods:
Neuropsychologists in the United States were invited to complete a practice-focused survey created by members of the Spina Bifida Neuropsychology Collaborative (SBNC). The survey was emailed to professional neuropsychology listservs and directly to providers at the SBA Clinic Care Partner and National Spina Bifida Patient Registry (NSBPR) sites.

Results:
Responses from 34 neuropsychologists (representing 22 sites, including 40% of SBA Clinic Care Partner sites and 67% of NSBPR sites) indicated that multilingual SB-focused neuropsychology services are available within all regions of the United States. Comprehensive, outpatient evaluations are common; however, integration of neuropsychology services into inpatient settings and multidisciplinary clinics is limited. Respondents report that waitlist time is the most frequent barrier to neuropsychology care, followed by cost/insurance/payor type, travel/transportation difficulties, and limited referrals.

Conclusion:
There are considerable gaps in the currently available array of US-based neuropsychology services for individuals with SB. Neuropsychologists and SB clinical programs are encouraged to strategically increase availability of neuropsychological services and expand care options.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Jigsaw Dengan Media Flipbook Terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa Pada Materi Sistem Reproduksi Manusia Kelas Xi Sma Negeri 2 Luwu
Authors: Sartika Sartika , Asri Asri , Khaerati Khaerati 
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat pengaruh hasil belajar terhadap penggunaan Model Pembelajaran Jigsaw dengan Media Flipbook Pada Materi Sistem Reproduksi Manusia. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Quasy Eksperiment dengan pendekatan kuantitatif dan bentuk desainnya menggunakan Non-equivalent control group design. Populasi pada penelitian ini yaitu seluruh siswa kelas XI IPA di SMA Negeri 2 Luwu. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI IPA 6 sebagai kelas ekperimen dan kelas XI IPA 7 sebagai kelas kontrol. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah tes hasil belajar (Pretest dan Posttest), angket respon dan lembar observasi penggunaan model pembelajaran. Pengambilan sampel dengan menggunakan teknik Purposive Sampling. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan yaitu analisis statistika deskriptif dan analisis statistika inferensial. Hasil analisis statistika deskriptif kelas XI IPA 6 yang dibelajarkan dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Jigsaw dengan media Flipbook diperoleh nilai rata-rata hasil belajar Pretest yaitu 40,58 dengan kategori sangat kurang dan hasil belajar Posttest diperoleh nilai rata-rata 83,87 dengan kategori baik. Sedangkan hasil analisis statistik deskriptif kelas XI IPA 7 yang dibelajarkan dengan model pembelajaran langsung diperoleh nilai rata-rata hasil belajar Pretest 41,94 dengan kategori kurang dan hasil belajar Posttest diperoleh nilai 81,55 dengan kategori baik. Hasil analisis inferensial menggunakan uji independent sampel t-test diperoleh nilai signifikan 0,004 ≤ 0,05 dengan demikian H0 ditolak H1 diterima. Hal ini berarti terdapat perbedaan hasil belajar yang signifikan antara kelas eksperimen dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Jigsaw dengan media Flipbook dan kelas kontrol dengan menggunakan media.Kata kunci: Jigsaw, flipbook, hasil belajar
Implementation of Criminal Fines Based on the Criminal Code and Applicable Laws and Regulations in the District Court of Timor
Authors: Sinurat Aksi 
Published: January 2025

Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate fines as a criminal sanction, to examine fines as a cumulative option in the applicable laws and regulations, and also in the context of imposing criminal sanctions in the courtroom, but it was not executed or not implemented in court decisions.

Theoretical Framework: In this topic, the main concepts and theories that underpin the research are presented. [List relevant theories, models or frameworks] stand out, providing a solid basis for understanding the context of the investigation.

Method: This research uses empirical legal research methods and normative legal methods with a statutory approach and a conceptual approach which is analyzed descriptively and qualitatively.

Results and Discussion: The research findings show that the tendency of convicts in all types of criminal offenses imposed by the court, both in the crime of corruption and in the crime of sexual intercourse with children, and so on, in general, always chooses to serve the subsidiary of imprisonment rather than paying a fine. The results showed that in 12 (twelve) types of criminal offenses consisting of 53 decisions of the District Court in Timor that were sampled in this study, it turned out that there was no one decision related to criminal sanctions of fines that were executed by the public prosecutor as the executor so that the implementation of criminal sanctions of fines based on the Criminal Code and applicable laws and regulations has not been effective and optimal and not in accordance with the objectives of the criminal sanctions of fines themselves. Three main factors that hinder the criminal sanction of fines cannot be implemented effectively and optimally: juridical factor, law enforcement factor, and disharmony factor of legislation.

Research Implications: The practical and theoretical implications of this research are discussed, providing insights into how the results can be applied or influence practices in the field of criminal study. These implications could encompass the implementation of fines as criminal sanctions in court decission.

Originality/Value: Judges and prosecutors should be able to make rational efforts or legal breakthroughs to determine the balance between the amount of fine sanction and the length of imprisonment as a subsidiary sanction.
The Administrative Responsibility for Destruction the Historical and Heritage Buildings in the Egyptian Law within Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): A Comparative Study with French and Saudi Laws
Authors: MushkusAlmutairi Abdullah , El-Gohery Tharwat 
Published: January 2025

Objectives: Architectural heritage is an important feature of civilized nations that requires be conserved. This heritage includes buildings with unique architectural style that associate with a period of national history, or with a historical personality. Registration of these buildings must be through the legal pathway provided within the article 2 of law 144-2006. This paper aims at determining the legal protection of these buildings and provides appropriate recommendation for sustainable development goals (SDGs).

Theoretical Framework: Destruction of heritage buildings may be ascribed to different factors, out of them are intentional destruction by the owners due to little compensation and wrong administrative decisions or negligence and not registration of these buildings, so its destruction is easy.

Method: This study used the analytical and comparative method to investigate reasons and elements of administrative responsibility in the comparative law.

Results and Discussion: Results contrived from this study would enhance legal protection to the unique architectural style buildings that preserve these buildings to the next generations as an international heritage.

Research implications: This research tries to put forward legal barriers for protection heritage buildings against negligence and intentional destruction through juridical control.

Originality/Value: Determining the administrative responsibility for destruction the heritage buildings would grant value for conserving these buildings.
<b>Machine Learning Enabled In-Home ECG: A Review</b>
Authors: Bibi Aqsa , Ur Rahman Jawwad Sami 
Published: January 2025

Machine learning (ML)-based in-home electrocardiogram (ECG) systems have emerged as transformative tools, advancing beyond traditional cardiology methods by offering innovative techniques for cardiac care. These systems enable sustained data collection, real-time monitoring of cardiac status, and individualized treatment plans, all while minimizing the need for frequent clinic visits. By leveraging advanced analytics and ML algorithms, in-home ECG systems analyze large-scale datasets to detect patterns and anomalies that might otherwise go unnoticed, providing early alerts and improving patient outcomes. This review examines the latest trends in ML-enhanced in-home ECG technology, emphasizing its functionality in anomaly detection, continuous monitoring, and decision-making processes. The integration of ML not only enhances diagnostic precision but also opens avenues for scalable, personalized, and remote healthcare solutions. Despite these advancements, significant challenges remain, including issues related to data privacy, algorithmic biases, and the reliability of real-world implementations. Addressing these challenges is essential for optimizing the performance and ethical use of these systems. This review also explores opportunities for future research, particularly in improving algorithm robustness and addressing biases to ensure equitable and accurate cardiac care for diverse populations. By integrating state-of-the-art ML techniques, in-home ECG systems are poised to revolutionize contemporary cardiology, reducing healthcare costs and enabling a progressive shift toward accessible, patient-centered care. This comprehensive exploration highlights the potential of ML-based in-home ECG systems to redefine cardiac monitoring and treatment, contributing to the broader transformation of modern healthcare.

Received: 13 September 2024 | Revised: 11 December 2024 | Accepted: 31 December 2024

Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.

Data Availability Statement
Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no new data were created or analyzed in this study.

Author Contribution Statement
Aqsa Bibi: Conceptualization, Methodology, Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Resources, Data curation, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing, Visualization, Project administration. Jawwad Sami Ur Rahman: Methodology, Validation, Investigation, Resources, Writing - review & editing, Supervision, Project administration.
Improving the hydrological consistency of a process-based solute-transport model by simultaneous calibration of streamflow and stream concentrations
Authors: Salmon-Monviola Jordy , Fovet Ophélie , Hrachowitz Markus 
Published: January 2025

Abstract. The consistency of hydrological models, i.e. their ability to reproduce observed system dynamics, needs to be improved to increase their predictive power. As using streamflow data alone to calibrate models is not sufficient to constrain them and render them consistent, other strategies must be considered, in particular using additional types of data. The aim of this study was to test whether simultaneous calibration of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and nitrate (NO3-) concentrations along with streamflow improved the hydrological consistency of a parsimonious solute-transport model. A multi-objective approach with four calibration scenarios was used to evaluate the model's predictions for an intensive agricultural headwater catchment. After calibration, the model reasonably simultaneously reproduced the dynamics of discharge and DOC and NO3- concentrations in the stream of the headwater catchment from 2008–2016. Evaluation using independent datasets indicated that the model usually reproduced dynamics of groundwater level and soil moisture in upslope and riparian zones correctly for all calibration scenarios. Using daily stream concentrations of DOC and NO3- along with streamflow to calibrate the model did not improve its ability to predict streamflow for calibration or evaluation periods. The approach significantly improved the representation of groundwater storage and to a lesser extent soil moisture in the upslope zone but not in the riparian zone. Parameter uncertainty decreased when the model was calibrated using solute concentrations, except for parameters related to fast and slow reservoir flow. This study shows the added value of using multiple types of data along with streamflow, in particular DOC and NO3- concentrations, to constrain hydrological models to improve representation of internal hydrological states and flows. With the increasing availability of solute data from catchment monitoring, this approach provides an objective way to improve the consistency of hydrological models that can be used with confidence to evaluate scenarios.
The Effect of Honey on The Level of Dysmenorrhea Pain in Nursing Students of Muhammadiyah University Tasikmalaya
Authors: Herdiani Ida , Restiana Nia , Ariyani Hana , Febriyani Ria 
Published: January 2025

Dysmenorrhea is the most common gynecological disorder among women of all ages and races. Dysmenorrhea is defined as pain during menstruation that is accompanied by cramping and centered in the lower abdomen. Dysmenorrhea can cause a number of problems, including activity limitation, decreased academic performance, and difficulty sleeping so that it can interfere with life activities. Currently, there is a need for the use of herbs and alternative medicine to overcome dysmenorrhea, one of which is using honey which can reduce menstrual pain. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of honey on the level of dysmenorrhea pain in nursing students at Muhammadiyah Tasikmalaya University. This research method uses Quasi Exsperimen research method with Pre-Experimental design with one group pre-test and post-test design approach. This research was conducted at the University of Muhammadiyah Tasikmalaya. Respondents measured pain levels during dysmenorrhea before and after honey administration. The results showed that giving honey had an effect on reducing menstrual pain or dysmenorrhea in nursing students as indicated by a value of P = 0.000. The conclusion is that there is a change in the intensity of menstrual pain before and after giving honey. Suggestions are expected that the results of this study can be implemented by further researchers as an alternative to dysmenorrhea pain.