bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Can routine data be used to estimate the mental health service use of children and young people living on Gypsy and Traveller sites in Wales? A feasibility study
Authors: Rees Sarah , Fry Richard , Davies Jason , John Ann , Condon Louise 
Published: February 2023

Introduction
Gypsies and Travellers have poorer physical and mental health than the general population, but little is known about mental health service use by Gypsy and Traveller children and young people. Finding this group in routine electronic health data is challenging, due to limited recording of ethnicity. We assessed the feasibility of using geographical markers combined with linked routine datasets to estimate the mental health service use of children and young people living on Traveller sites.

Methods
Welsh Government supplied a list of Traveller site postcodes included in Caravan Counts between 2012 and 2020. Using spatial filtering with data from the Adolescent Mental Health Data Platform (ADP) at Swansea University’s SAIL Databank, we created a cohort of Traveller site residents aged 11–25 years old, 2010–2019. ADP algorithms were used to describe health service use, and to estimate incidence and prevalence of common mental disorders (CMD) and self-harm.

Results
Our study found a subgroup of young Gypsies and Travellers (n = 802). We found no significant differences between our cohort and the general population for rates of CMD or self-harm. The rate of non-attendance for psychiatric outpatient follow-up appointments was significantly higher in our cohort. Rates were higher (but not statistically significant) among Gypsies and Travellers for measures suggesting less well-managed care, including emergency department attendance and prescribed CMD medication without follow-up. The small size of the cohort resulted in imprecise estimates with wide confidence intervals, compared with those for the general population.

Conclusions
Gypsies and Travellers are under-represented in routine health datasets, even using geographical markers, which find only those resident in authorised traveller sites. Routine data is increasingly relied upon for needs assessment and service planning, which has policy and practice implications for this underserved group. To address health inequalities effort is required to ensure that health datasets accurately capture ethnicity.
Impacts of medical and non-medical cannabis on the health of older adults: Findings from a scoping review of the literature
Authors: Wolfe Dianna , Corace Kim , Butler Claire , Rice Danielle , Skidmore Becky , Patel Yashila , Thayaparan Premika , Michaud Alan , Hamel Candyce , Smith Andra , Garber Gary , Porath Amy , Conn David , Willows Melanie , Abramovici Hanan , Thavorn Kednapa , Kanji Salmaan , Hutton Brian 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundCannabis legalization has enabled increased consumption in older adults. Age-related mental, physical, and physiological changes may lead to differences in effects of cannabis in older adults compared to younger individuals.ObjectiveTo perform a scoping review to map the evidence regarding the health effects of cannabis use for medical and non-medical purposes in older adults.MethodsElectronic databases (MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library) were searched for systematic reviews (SRs), randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-randomized/observational studies (NRSs) assessing the health effects and associations of cannabis use (medical or non-medical) in adults ≥ 50 years of age. Included studies met age-related inclusion criteria or involved a priori identified health conditions common among older adults. Records were screened using a liberal accelerated approach and data charting was performed independently by two reviewers. Descriptive summaries, structured tables, effect direction plots and bubble plots were used to synthesize study findings.FindingsFrom 31,393 citations, 133 publications describing 134 unique studies (26 SRs, 36 RCTs, 72 NRSs) were included. Medical cannabis had inconsistent therapeutic effects in specific patient conditions (e.g., end-stage cancer, dementia), with a number of studies suggesting possible benefits while others found no benefit. For medical cannabis, harmful associations outnumbered beneficial, and RCTs reported more negative effects than NRSs. Cannabis use was associated with greater frequencies of depression, anxiety, cognitive impairment, substance use and problematic substance use, accidents/injuries, and acute healthcare use. Studies often were small, did not consistently assess harms, and did not adjust for confounding.DiscussionThe effects of medical cannabis are inconsistent within specific patient conditions. For older adults, generally, the available evidence suggests cannabis use may be associated with greater frequencies of mental health issues, substance use, and acute healthcare use, and the benefit-to-risk ratio is unclear. Studies with a balanced assessment of benefits and harms may guide appropriate public health messaging to balance the marketing pressures of cannabis to older adults.
Asthma and its relationship with anthropometric markers among adults
Authors: Alwadeai Khalid S. , Alhammad Saad A. 
Published: February 2023

Background
Many studies have examined the association between anthropometric indicators and the likelihood of developing asthma. However, no study has yet examined the link between asthma and anthropometric markers of risk. This study addresses this gap in the literature by evaluating the relationship between asthma, smoking, and anthropometric measurements such as body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) among individuals residing in the United States.

Methods
This cross-sectional study conducted a secondary analysis of the 2011–2014 National Survey of Midlife Development in the United States, using data from 2,257 participants aged 25–74. We classified the participants into four groups based on self-reported smoking and asthma status: nonsmokers with no asthma, asthma alone, smokers only, and smokers with asthma. The outcomes of interest were BMI, WC, HC, and WHR scores in the latter three groups compared to the nonsmokers with no asthma group.

Results
Linear regression analysis showed that those with asthma alone and smokers with asthma were significantly more likely to have a BMI, WC, or HC score of 1 or higher than people without asthma and smokers only.

Conclusion
A higher score on the anthropometric parameters was substantially related to participants who had only asthma and those who had both asthma and smoking.
Significant Dose-Response Association of Physical Activity and Diet Quality With Mortality in Adults With Suspected NAFLD in a Population Study
Authors: Vilar-Gomez Eduardo , Vuppalanchi Raj , Gawrieh Samer , Pike Francis , Samala Niharika , Chalasani Naga 
Published: February 2023

INTRODUCTION:
We aimed to determine whether higher levels (volume and intensity) of physical activity (PA) and diet quality (DQ) are associated with better survival rates in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

METHODS:
Using data from the 2011–2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 3,548 participants with a Fatty Liver Index ≥60 were included. PA was collected using a wrist-worn triaxial accelerometer and expressed as 2 metrics using Monitor-Independent Movement Summary (MIMS) units: the average of daily MIMS, which represents volume, and peak 30-minute MIMS, which is the average of the highest 30 MIMS min/d and represents intensity. DQ was assessed by the Healthy Eating Index-2015. Mortality follow-up was recorded using the National Death Index linkage through December 31, 2019.

RESULTS:
Our analyses revealed a dose-dependent, nonlinear association of PA (volume and intensity) with all-cause mortality and a dose-dependent, linear association of DQ with all-cause mortality. The maximum protective dose of PA volume was observed at 14,300 MIMS/min (adj. HR: 0.20, 95% CI: 0.11–0.38). The maximum protective dose of PA intensity was observed at 54.25 MIMS/min (adj. HR: 0.10, 95% CI: 0.05–0.23), beyond which mortality risks flattened. The Healthy Eating Index-2015 showed its maximum protective effect at 66.17 (adj. HR: 0.54, 95% CI: 0.40–0.74). Higher PA (volume and intensity) levels were associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular-related but not cancer-related mortality. A healthier diet was linked to a reduced risk of cardiovascular-specific and cancer-specific mortality. Sensitivity analyses showed that the beneficial effects of PA and DQ on survival rates remained significant across sex, racial/ethnic, and age groups as well as in participants without NAFLD.

DISCUSSION:
Our findings suggest that higher daily accumulated and peak effort PA and DQ are associated with lower all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in US adults with NAFLD
Estudio de estabilidad de los controles de calidad internos almacenados en el módulo de refrigeración automatizado de Atellica Solution
Authors: Rayo Hidalga Patricia , Domingo Bautista Carlos , Fernández Bonifacio Rosa , Bedini José Luis , Rico Naira 
Published: February 2023

Resumen

Objetivos
Atellica Solution (AS) es una plataforma que permite incorporar módulos de bioquímica e inmunoanálisis y almacenar controles de calidad internos (CC) en su interior gracias al módulo de refrigeración (MR). El objetivo del estudio es analizar el tiempo máximo de estabilidad de los CC almacenados en su interior.

Métodos
Se analizaron 48 magnitudes mediante materiales CC: Liquid Assayed Multiqual (MQ), Liquichek Immunology (LI), Liquichek Lipids (LL), y Liquichek Urine Chemistry (UC). La variación en los resultados (Xt %) se calculó comparando el promedio del análisis realizado en cada momento (Xt) con el promedio realizado en el momento inicial del estudio (Xo), y se expresó como un cambio porcentual: (Xt%) = (Xt/Xo) × 100. La estabilidad se evaluó de acuerdo con el límite de cambio total (LCT) el cual combina la variabilidad analítica y biológica: LCT = ±√((1,65 × CVa)2 + (0,5 × CVb)2)

Resultados
Un total de 40 de las 48 magnitudes estudiadas fueron estables al finalizar el estudio. En el caso del CC MQ y el UC 32 de las 39 magnitudes fueron estables durante los 15 días del estudio, excepto fosfatasa alcalina, aspartato aminotransferasa, calcio, lactato deshidrogenasa y bilirrubina total en MQ y cloro y glucosa en UC. En los CC LI, LL 8 de las 9 magnitudes fueron estables durante los 20 días del estudio, a excepción de la transferrina en LI.

Conclusiones
El módulo de refrigeración de Atellica Solution es un sistema fiable para mantener almacenados los materiales de control de calidad.
Judging the clinical suitability of analytical performance of cardiac troponin assays
Authors: Krintus Magdalena , Panteghini Mauro 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
New millennium diagnostic criteria for acute myocardial infarction precipitated a revolutionary shift from an approach based primarily on electrocardiography and clinical symptoms to a strategy based on biomarkers, and preferably cardiac troponins (cTn) I and T. In the last 20 years, clinical recommendations have strengthened the role of cTn and led to the development of highly sensitive (hs-cTn) assays, which are now leading players in all current clinical practice guidelines. To optimize the clinical use of these hs-cTn assays, focus on their analytical aspects has become increasingly important, emphasizing the need for the establishment of suitable analytical performance by the definition and implementation of appropriate specifications. An accurate estimate of measurement uncertainty, together with the acquisition of the highest analytical quality when very low concentrations of hs-cTn are measured, are essential requirements and should represent a practical laboratory standard in assuring optimal clinical use. Additional goals for further improving the quality of laboratory information should be the establishment of robust data concerning biological variation of cTn and the resolution of practical challenges opposed to the harmonization of cTn I results obtained by differing commercial measuring systems.
The assessment of environmental parameter along the desalination plants in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Aljohani Naif S. , Kavil Yasar N. , Al-Farawati Radwan K. , Aljohani Nasser H. , Orif Mohammed I. , Ghandourah Mohammed A. , Bahshwan Safia Mohammed , Aloufi Fahed Ayed , Halawani Riyadh F. , Salam Mohamed Abdel 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia obtains the most desalination water from the Red Sea. In Saudi Arabia, 14 desalination plants receive water from the Red Sea, and three are located in the country’s east and rely on the Arabian Gulf. The study has observed 16 desalination plants out of 17 desalination plants in the kingdom. Most of the desalination plants in Saudi Arabia currently use the advanced technologies to produce potable water with less impact on the surrounding environment. The current study examined the variation of hydrographic parameters along all available desalination plants in Saudi Arabia. This is the first inter-annual database of hydrographic parameters in the last 4 years. The peak salinity was measured at the Duba desalination plant in 2020, and it was 67.2 ppt. During 2018, the Azizia desalination plant reported the lowest value of 36.8 ppt. The maximum temperature recorded at the Qunfudah desalination plant in 2019 was 34.6°C. In 2017, the minimum temperature was 19.1°C at the Jubail desalination plant. The level of dissolved oxygen and pH were likewise not significantly changed along the brine outflow and in the outfall, in contrast to temperature and salinity. On the basis of 4 years’ of data from observed desalination facilities, the current study sheds light on the less environmental impact with regard to hydrographic factors.
Application of fingerprint image fuzzy edge recognition algorithm in criminal technology
Authors: Lv Xinhua 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In the context of the rapid development of science and technology and the modernization of the legal system, criminal activities are becoming more and more intelligent and technological, which also puts forward higher requirements for criminal technology. The current criminal technology equipment is relatively backward, and the technical level is not high enough, resulting in a low utilization rate of trace material evidence extraction, which directly affects the role of criminal technology in the investigation and solving of cases. In recent years, fingerprint recognition algorithms and image edge detection algorithms have been widely used in various fields. This work studied the application of fingerprint image fuzzy edge recognition algorithm in criminal technology, in order to improve the level of criminal technology and the utilization rate of physical evidence extraction. The criminal technology system is upgraded and optimized by combining fingerprint recognition algorithm and image edge detection algorithm. And fuzzy theory is added to ensure the feasibility of the research. The experimental results show that the fuzzy edge recognition algorithm of fingerprint image can improve the level of criminal technology and the utilization rate of material evidence to a certain extent. The utilization rate is increased by 7.04%. The recognition accuracy of the fuzzy recognition method is also 13.2% higher than that of the methods in the literature.
A comparative analysis of the effect of post production treatments and layer thickness on tensile and impact properties of additively manufactured polymers
Authors: Bolat Çağın , Ergene Berkay , Ispartalı Hasan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In recent years, additive manufacturing (AM) technologies have become greatly popular in the polymer, metal, and composite industries because of the capability for rapid prototyping, and appropriateness for the production of complex shapes. In this study, a comprehensive comparative analysis focusing on the influence of post-processing types (heat treatment and water absorption) on tensile and impact responses was carried out on 3D printed PETG, PLA, and ABS. In addition, layer thickness levels (0.2, 0.3, and 0.4 mm) were selected as a major production parameter and their effect on mechanical properties was combined with post-processing type for the first time. The results showed that both tensile and impact resistance of the printed polymers increased thanks to the heat treatment. The highest tensile strength was measured for heat-treated PLA, while the peak impact endurance level was reached for heat-treated PETG. Also, water absorption caused a mass increment in all samples and induced higher tensile elongation values. Decreasing layer thickness had a positive effect on tensile features, but impact strength values dropped. On the other hand, all samples were subjected to macro and micro failure analyses to understand the deformation mechanism. These inspections indicated that for impact samples straight crack lines converted to zigzag style separation lines after the heat treatment. As for the tensile samples, the exact location of the main damage zone altered with the production stability, the water absorption capacity of the polymer, and the thermal diffusion ability of the filament.
Covid-19 vaccination and pregnancy: a systematic review of maternal and neonatal outcomes
Authors: Kontovazainitis Christos-Georgios , Katsaras Georgios N. , Gialamprinou Dimitra , Mitsiakos Georgios 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Although the vaccination against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS Cov-2) is considered safe during pregnancy, vaccine hesitancy among pregnant women is high. The results of published observational studies addressing the issue of Covid-19 vaccination’s efficacy and safety during pregnancy need to be summarized.

Content
This systematic review compares the incidence of major maternal and neonatal outcomes between SARS Cov-2 vaccinated and unvaccinated pregnant women. The included studies enrolled pregnant women of any age and any trimester. Medline-Pubmed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and grey literature were searched until the 28th of May 2022, and 2,947 studies were found.

Summary
Seven observational cohort studies, enrolling 67,274 pregnant women, were selected. When comparing vaccinated and unvaccinated pregnant women, SARS Cov-2 vaccines were not associated with major maternal and neonatal adverse events. The rate of SARS Cov-2 infections among vaccinated pregnant women compared to unvaccinated is significantly reduced by 43%.

Outlook
SARS Cov-2 vaccination in pregnant women is effective and safe. The results are promising, but caution is advised due to some limitations: only observational studies addressing this issue were found. Parallelly, the enrolled populations and the intervention (vaccination type and the number of doses) were not homogeneous.
Spectral tuning of Bloch Surface Wave resonances by light-controlled optical anisotropy
Authors: Marcucci Niccolò , Giordano Maria Caterina , Zambito Giorgio , Troia Adriano , Buatier de Mongeot Francesco , Descrovi Emiliano 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Fostered by the recent advancements in photonic technologies, the need for all-optical dynamic control on complex photonic elements is emerging as more and more relevant, especially in integrated photonics and metasurface-based flat-optics. In this framework, optically-induced anisotropy has been proposed as powerful mean enabling tuning functionalities in several planar architectures. Here, we design and fabricate an anisotropic two-dimensional bull’s eye cavity inscribed within an optically-active polymeric film spun on a one-dimensional photonic crystal sustaining Bloch surface waves (BSW). Thanks to the cavity morphology, two surface resonant modes with substantially orthogonal polarizations can be coupled within the cavity from free-space illumination. We demonstrate that a dynamic control on the resonant mode energies can be easily operated by modulating the orientation of the optically-induced birefringence on the surface, via a polarized external laser beam. Overall, reversible blue- and red-shifts of the resonant BSWs are observed within a spectral range of about 2 nm, with a moderate laser power illumination. The polymeric structure is constituted by a novel blend of an azopolymer and a thermally-sensitive resist, which allows a precise patterning via thermal scanning probe lithography, while providing a significant structural integrity against photo-fluidization or mass-flow effects commonly occurring in irradiated azopolymers. The proposed approach based on tailored birefringence opens up new pathways to finely control the optical coupling of localized surface modes to/from free-space radiation, particularly in hybrid organic–inorganic devices.
Dynamic recrystallization behavior and nucleation mechanism of dual-scale SiCp/A356 composites processed by P/M method
Authors: Song Yahu , Wang Aiqin , Ma Douqin , Xie Jingpei , Wang Wenyan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Thermal deformation can improve the properties of aluminum matrix composites (AMCs) prepared by powder metallurgy (P/M) due to the dense and uniform microstructures. And the final microstructure of the AMCs is related to the dynamic recrystallization (DRX) behavior and nucleation mechanism in the thermal forming process. In this regard, the hot compression tests of dual-scale SiC particles reinforced A356 (SiCp/A356) composites prepared by P/M method were carried out at temperatures of 460–520°C and strain rates of 0.01–5 s−1 on a thermal simulation tester. The corresponding microstructure evolution was analyzed by electron back-scattered diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. The results indicated that the stress–strain curve was a typical DRX unimodal stress curve. The comprehensive influences of the strain rate and deformation temperature on the stress were investigated using the Zener–Hollomon parameter (Z), where the deformation activation energy was 443.204 kJ/mol. The DRX critical strain model and DRX volume fraction model were established. DRX behavior of the SiCp/A356 composites was sensitive to the deformation temperatures and strain rates. The micro and nano SiCp can promote the DRX nucleation of Al matrix due to the particle-stimulated nucleation.