bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recovery of lithium salt from spent lithium‐ion battery by less polar solvent wash and water extraction
Authors: Du Hao , Kang Yuqiong , Li Chenglei , Zhao Yun , Tian Yao , Lu Jian , Chen Zhaoyang , Gao Ning , Li Zhike , Wozny John , Li Tao , Wang Li , Tavajohi Naser , Kang Feiyu , Li Baohua 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF6) in spent lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) is a potentially valuable resource and a significant environmental pollutant. Unfortunately, most of the LiPF6 in a spent LIB is difficult to extract because the electrolyte is strongly adsorbed by the cathode, anode, and separator. Storing extracted electrolyte is also challenging because it contains LiPF6, which promotes the decomposition of the solvent. Here we show that electrolytes in spent LIBs can be collected by a less polar solvent dimethyl carbonate (DMC) wash, and LiPF6 can be concentrated by simple aqueous extraction by lowering ethylene carbonate (EC) content in the recycled electrolyte. Due to the similar dielectric constant of EC and water, reducing the content of EC in LIB electrolytes, or even eliminating it, facilitates the separation of water and electrolyte, thus enabling the lithium salts in the electrolyte to be separated from the organic solvent. The lithium salt extracting efficiency achieved in this way can be as high as 99.8%, and fluorine and phosphorus of LiPF6 can be fixed in the form of stable metal fluoride and phosphate by hydrothermal method. The same strategy can be used in industrial waste electrolyte recycling by diluting the waste with DMC and extracting the resulting solution with water. This work thus reveals a new route for waste electrolyte treatment and will also support the development of advanced EC‐free electrolytes for high‐performance, safe, and easily recyclable LIBs.
A π‐Extension Process from 9‐Phosphaanthracene Leading to Phosphatetraphenes and Phosphatetracenes
Authors: Yasuda Kohei , Ito Shigekazu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractExtension of π‐system with phosphinine (phosphorine, phosphabenzene) has been of interest because of the expected higher HOMO and lower LUMO levels compared with the corresponding carbon congeners. In this paper, a π‐extension process based on the 9‐phosphaanthracene skeleton was demonstrated by synthesizing 12‐phosphatetraphene and 9‐phosphabenzo[f]tetraphene by utilizing the deaminative aromatization pathway. Starting from 3,5‐bis(trifluoromethyl)aniline, we developed the dibromotriarylmethane precursors containing the 3,5‐bis(trifluoromethyl)‐2‐bromophenyl unit, which would be slightly effective to increase the steric congestion around the fragile P=C bonds incorporated in the fused polyaromatic skeletons. The bis‐trifluoromethyl 12‐phosphatetraphenes have been synthesized together with the mono‐trifluoromethyl derivative, and the planar 12‐phosphatetraphene skeleton was confirmed. On the other hand, the CF3‐substituted 9‐phosphabenzo[f]tetraphene displayed a remarkably twisted fused five ring system leading to the wavy structures incorporating phosphinine. Also, synthetic study of 5‐phosphatetracene using the bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl unit was attempted and the incomplete elimination of the amine indicated labile characters of the observed phosphorus congener of tetracene. The findings of this study would be informative for developing heavier congeners of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) as well as the trifluromethyl effects.
Can rooted apical cuttings complement seed systems to improve availability of quality seed potato in Africa?—The case of Kenya
Authors: Wauters Pieter , Hutchings James , Munguti Florence , Borus Dinah , Nyawade Shadrack , Atieno Elly O. , Sharma Kalpana , Parker Monica L. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractLimited availability and access to quality seed is a major challenge faced by the Kenyan potato subsector. Smallholder farmers cultivate the bulk of potato mainly planting seed from informal sources without any quality assurance which contributes to low yields. In recent years, private sector businesses have engaged in certified seed potato production with positive impact on the volumes available, relying on minitubers to multiply in the field over three to four generations. Rooted apical cuttings (RACs) provide a productive alternative starter material that can further boost the Kenyan seed systems. Stokman Rozen Kenya Ltd (SRK) is a private sector business that has embraced this technology in 2017. Also, small‐scale nurseries have recently started the commercial production of cuttings. They both sell RACs mainly to seed growers for further bulking, but ware potato farmers can also produce quality seed on‐farm for their own use from RACs when applying good agricultural practices. This paper examines the initial experiences of both SRK and small‐scale nurseries in the production and marketing of RACs as well as their performance during subsequent field multiplications. Producing and selling RACs offers a profitable business opportunity, especially when productivity and sales increase. Compared to other rapid multiplication technologies, RACs also allow to significantly increase the volumes of early generation seed produced. Key recommendations are to create awareness and to develop adequate marketing strategies to promote their uptake, and to ensure RACs are adequately multiplied into commercial seed to improve its availability to smallholder farmers in Kenya.
Modeling interactions of planting date and phenology in Louisiana rice under current and future climate conditions
Authors: Jamshidi Sajad , Murgia Teresa , Morales‐Ona Ana G. , Cerioli Tommaso , Famoso Adam N. , Cammarano Davide , Wang Diane R. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe performance of novel genetic combinations under untested environmental scenarios and management practices can be virtually examined using process‐based crop models. Indeed, there has been a long‐standing interest in the crop modeling community to expand the utility of process‐based models to broader germplasm panels (e.g., breeding lines or diversity panels). Yet, there is often a misalignment between data needed to parameterize process‐based crop models and data routinely collected by breeding programs. To address this gap, we leverage a dataset from a long‐term trial on advanced experimental lines and released varieties from the Louisiana rice breeding program to calibrate and evaluate the decision support for agrotechnology transfer (DSSAT) CSM‐CERES‐Rice model. Next, we use data collected by the same program on a large collection of breeding lines to generate numerous in silico genotypes and evaluate their performance across different management practices (different planting dates) and three climatic conditions (current climate and two future scenarios based on CMIP6‐SSP5‐8.5 climate projections). Our simulations indicate that shifting the current planting date (i.e., March) back by 1–2 months (to January) under moderate warming conditions (+1.3°C warmer and 41% higher CO2 level), and 2–3 months (to December) under extreme warming conditions (+4.1°C warmer and 133% higher CO2 level) could potentially offset the negative impacts of the increased future temperature. Given earlier planting, shorter duration varieties (i.e., those with shorter growing degree day requirements during the vegetative and grain filling periods) are found to be more favorable for supporting high yields. Such varieties with a shorter thermal time to anthesis are found to remain just outside of the current pool of variation for this trait. Opportunities and challenges for leveraging breeding data in process‐based modeling to derive insights into adaptation strategies for future climates are further discussed.
Droplet impact on a wettability‐patterned woven mesh
Authors: Catsoulis Sotiris , Sen Uddalok , Walther Jens H. , Megaridis Constantine M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDroplet impact and breakup on meshes are relevant to a number of applications involving filters, textiles, and other spatially inhomogeneous media encountering gas‐dispersed liquids. This study presents high‐resolution simulation results of mm‐size droplets striking wettability‐patterned meshes with the goal of (a) replicating prior physical experiments, (b) identifying sensitivities to the initial conditions and wettability of the mesh wires, and (c) studying the fluid‐field dynamics when droplets strike such meshes. The insights from the present model may help to advance understanding of droplet atomization on meshes, which depends on a number of parameters that are nontrivial to control in an experimental setting. The analysis is carried out by benchmarking the numerical methods used in a commercial software package for orthogonal droplet impact on a flat smooth surface, followed by a convergence analysis, and finally, simulation of specific experiments and case studies involving wettability‐patterned mesh targets. We show that the wettability contrast between the hydrophilic and hydrophobic domains on the mesh as well as the contact angle hysteresis on each side play a critical role in determining whether liquid pinch‐off occurs. The three‐dimensional computational framework constructed in this work is a step toward predicting the postimpact behavior of droplets that strike woven meshes and other porous inhomogeneous media consisting of materials with different wetting properties.
Emotion regulation and disordered eating behaviour in youths: Two daily‐diary studies
Authors: Dworschak Christine , Polack Reuma Gadassi , Winschel Julia , Joormann Jutta , Kober Hedy 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveDisordered eating cognitions and behaviours in childhood and adolescence have been identified as precursors for the development of eating disorders. Another important contributor to eating disorder risk is maladaptive emotion regulation. However, while the regulation of negative affect has been the focus of much research, the literature on the role of positive emotion regulation in eating pathology is extremely limited. The present study extends previous research by examining the regulation of both positive and negative affect in disordered eating using two waves of a daily diary design.MethodEvery evening for 21 days, 139 youths (8–15 years) reported their use of rumination, dampening, and disordered eating cognitions and behaviours. 1 year later, during the onset of the COVID‐19 pandemic, 115 of these youths were followed‐up.ResultsAs predicted, higher levels of rumination and dampening were found to be associated with a higher frequency of weight concerns and restrictive eating on person‐level (both Waves) and day‐level (Wave 2). Further, a higher frequency of rumination at Wave 1 predicted increases in the frequency of restrictive eating 1 year later.ConclusionsOur findings underline the importance of examining regulation of both positive and negative emotion in order to understand eating disorder risk.
Targeting mitochondrial quality control in muscle aging: Natural dietary products as potential interventions
Authors: Chen Qi , Huang Weisu , Capanoglu Esra , Amrouche Amel Thanina , Lu Baiyi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMitochondria are the main sources of energy production for muscle tissues, including skeletal, cardiac, or smooth muscle, to support their activities. Mitochondrial dysfunction and dysregulation of their quality control systems are significant characteristics in aged muscle. Increasing evidence indicates that natural products, especially phytochemicals, can prevent or improve age‐related muscle disorders. Among them, some dietary components specifically regulate mitochondrial quality control (MQC) to play their efficacy. However, the content of related studies is currently not systematically reviewed. In this review, composition, changes, and associated regulators in the MQC network during muscle aging were summarized by comprehensive literature retrieval. Subsequently, the effects and mechanisms of dietary active ingredients on this control network were described. This review showed that mitochondrial dysfunction is a common feature in different types of muscle aging. And four main ways of MQC are involved in maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis and they form a tight and integral system, for muscle‐healthy aging. The benefits of specific endogenous metabolites and exogenous components on aged muscle health are mediated in the above ways. Dietary phytochemicals including phenols, terpenoids, and alkaloids, unfold their influential roles in delaying muscle aging via promoting mitochondrial biogenesis and mitophagy. These findings suggest that MQC is a promising action site against muscle aging and food or herbal‐derived natural products are representative potential interventions. More clinical studies in the future are worthy of future investigation of these natural products.
BRAFmutations and concurrent alterations in patients with soft tissue sarcoma
Authors: Kobayashi Hiroshi , Zhang Liuzhe , Okajima Koichi , Ishibashi Yuki , Hirai Toshihide , Tsuda Yusuke , Ikegami Masachika , Kage Hidenori , Shinozaki‐Ushiku Aya , Oda Katsutoshi , Tanaka Sakae 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBRAFalterations, including V600E and non‐V600E mutations and fusions, in soft tissue sarcoma (STS) have been identified in a limited case series. Here, we aimed to evaluate the frequency ofBRAFmutations and concurrent alterations in STS to understand their therapeutic action. In this retrospective analysis, we included data from 1964 patients with advanced STS who underwent comprehensive genomic profiling tests at hospitals in Japan between June 2019 and March 2023. The prevalence ofBRAFand recurrent concurrent gene alterations were also investigated.BRAFmutations were detected in 24 (1.2%) of 1964 STS patients, with a median age of 47 (range 1–69) years.BRAFV600E was detected in 11 (0.6%) of the 1964 patients with STS,BRAFnon‐V600E mutations in 9 (4.6%), andBRAFfusions were detected in 4 (0.2%).BRAFV600E was identified in 4 (0.2%) cases of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors. The most common concurrent alteration wasCDKN2A(11 cases, 45.8%), and the frequency was equivalent to that of theBRAFV600E (5/11 cases, 45.5%) and non‐V600E (5/9 cases, 55.6%) groups. Recurrent concurrent alterations, such asTERTpromoter mutations (7 cases, 29.2%), were detected at the same frequency in the V600E and non‐V600E groups. In contrast,TP53alterations (4/9 cases, 44.4%) and mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK)‐activating genes, includingNF1,GNAQ, andGNA11(3/9 cases, 33.3%), were identified as relatively higher in the non‐V600E group than in the V600E group (each 1/11 case, 9.1%). We identifiedBRAFalterations at a rate of 1.2% in all patients with advanced STS. Among them,BRAFV600E andBRAFfusions account for 45.8% and 16.7%, respectively. Collectively, our findings support the clinical characteristics and therapeutic strategies for patients withBRAF‐altered advanced STS.
Microglia morphotyping in the adult mouse CNS using hierarchical clustering on principal components reveals regional heterogeneity but no sexual dimorphism
Authors: van Weering Hilmar R. J. , Nijboer Tjalling W. , Brummer Maaike L. , Boddeke Erik W. G. M. , Eggen Bart J. L. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMicroglia are the resident macrophages of the central nervous system (CNS) and play a pivotal role in immune surveillance and CNS homeostasis. Morphological transitions in microglia are indicative for local changes in the CNS microenvironment and serve as a proxy for the detection of alterations in the CNS, both in health and disease. Current strategies to ‘measure’ microglia combine advanced morphometrics with clustering approaches to identify and categorize microglia morphologies. However, these studies are labor intensive and clustering approaches are often subject to relevant feature selection bias. Here, we provide a morphometrics pipeline with user‐friendly computational tools for image segmentation, automated feature extraction and morphological categorization of microglia by means of hierarchical clustering on principal components (HCPC) without the need for feature inclusion criteria. With this pipeline we provide new and detailed insights in the distribution of microglia morphotypes across sixteen CNS regions along the rostro‐caudal axis of the adult C57BL/6J mouse CNS. Although regional variations in microglia morphologies were evident, we found no evidence for male–female dimorphism at any CNS region investigated, indicating that ‐ by and large ‐ microglia in adult male and female mice are morphometrically indistinguishable. Taken together, our newly developed pipeline provides valuable tools for objective and unbiased identification and categorization of microglia morphotypes and can be applied to any CNS (disease) model.
Advances in positron emission tomography and radiomics
Authors: Barrington Sally F. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPositron emission tomography is established for staging and response evaluation in lymphoma using visual evaluation and semi‐quantitative analysis. Radiomic analysis involving quantitative imaging features at baseline, such as metabolic tumor volume and markers of disease dissemination and changes in the standardized uptake value during treatment are emerging as powerful biomarkers. The combination of radiomic features with clinical risk factors and genomic analysis offers the potential to improve clinical risk prediction. This review discusses the state of current knowledge, progress toward standardization of tumor delineation for radiomic analysis and argues that radiomic features, molecular markers and circulating tumor DNA should be included in clinical trial designs to enable the development of baseline and dynamic risk scores that could further advance the field to facilitate testing of novel treatments and personalized therapy in aggressive lymphomas.
Are we reaching the maximum cure rate for Hodgkin lymphoma?
Authors: Johnson Peter W. M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe treatment of Hodgkin lymphoma, using cytotoxic chemotherapy and selective radiotherapy, has resulted in progressively increasing cure rates over the last 40 years. Recent studies have been directed at using response‐adapted approaches to modulate treatment according to the responses seen using functional imaging, with the aim of balancing the probability of cure against the toxicity of more extensive treatments, in particular the risks of infertility, second malignancy and cardiovascular disease. The results of these studies suggest that we have reached the limits of what might be expected from the conventional treatments, but the arrival of antibody‐based therapies, specifically antibody‐drug conjugates and immune checkpoint blocking antibodies, now holds out the prospect of further improvements. The next challenge will be to select those groups for whom they are most needed.
CAR T‐cell therapy in large B cell lymphoma
Authors: Boardman Alexander P. , Salles Gilles 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCD19‐targeted chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T‐cells have revolutionized the treatment of lymphoid malignancies, including large B cell lymphoma (LBCL). Following seminal early phase multicenter clinical trials published between 2017 and 2020, three CD19‐CAR T‐cell products received FDA and EMA approval designations in lymphoma in the third‐line setting, paving the way for follow‐up studies in the second‐line. Meanwhile, investigations into the applications of CAR T‐cell therapy have further broadened to treating high‐risk patients even prior to completion of first‐line conventional chemo‐immunotherapy. Furthermore, as early trials excluded patients with central nervous system involvement with lymphoma, several studies have recently shown promising efficacy of CD19‐CAR T‐cells in primary and secondary CNS lymphoma. Here we provide a detailed overview on clinical data supporting the use of CAR T‐cells in patients with LBCL.
Implementing innovative teaching strategies to promote student academic engagement in a critical care elective
Authors: Shoulders Bethany R. , Alexander Kaitlin M. , Allen John M. , Voils Stacy A. , Feild Carinda J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroductionLearner engagement can be challenging to manage in multiple learning environments. The multi‐campus delivery and remote learning aspect of a Critical Care Pharmacy elective course led faculty to strategically design multimodal innovations to promote student academic engagement.ObjectiveThis article aims to describe and define the impact of teaching and learning innovations implemented in a Critical Care Pharmacy elective course through objective and student‐reported learning‐associated outcomes.MethodsThis study evaluates course innovations implemented in a Critical Care Pharmacy elective. Performance on individual readiness assurance tests (iRATs) was tracked to evaluate learning preparation, in addition to overall course grades and exams. Learning outcomes were compared between the pre‐intervention year (2018) and the intervention years (2019–2022). Individual time spent in the virtual intensive care unit (VICU) environment was tracked via in‐class questions. Voluntary pre‐ and post‐course self‐assessment surveys were utilized to assess student understanding, comfort, and preparedness resulting from the teaching innovations. In 2019 and 2020, the survey was repeated following advanced pharmacy practice experiences. In addition, university course evaluations were analyzed.ResultsStudents' academic engagement and performance were maintained, even during remote learning years. An increase in mean iRAT scores after implementing innovations to the rapid response and trauma intensive care unit (ICU) modules was observed. Course evaluations reflected a gain in student understanding and comfort, and students performed consistently well on exams and in the course throughout each course iteration. Time spent in the VICU environment also increased compared with the initial delivery of the content. Most students reported that innovations “somewhat” or “greatly improved” learning, and this was also reflected in the follow‐up feedback.ConclusionMultimodal innovations maintained student academic engagement in a Critical Care Pharmacy elective, despite variations in content delivery. Students expressed progression in learning outcomes which was supported by assessments and course grades.
Investigations of hybrid infill pattern in additive manufactured tablets: A novel approach towards tunable drug release
Authors: Durga Prasad Reddy R. , Sharma Varun 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe significance of 3D printing has risen exponentially in biomedical and pharmaceutical applications. Its potential in the field of fabricating drug delivery systems, by virtue of processing biocompatible polymers, has been very lucrative. This work aims to tap the interstitial drug delivery kinetics that are often inaccessible through machine‐specific infill patterns in additive manufactured tablets fabricated using PVA biopolymer as an excipient. In this regard, a myo‐inositol containing tablet has been printed using Fused Deposition Modeling preceded by Hot Melt Extrusion drug loading route. Two machine‐specific infill patterns were taken, namely straight and grid. Later, these two distinct patterns were juxtaposed to obtain novel hybrid infill patterns in the tablets. Then, these tablets and their filament were subjected to various thermal, mechanical, imaging and pharmaceutical characterization tests to assess the feasibility of the research attempt. Finally, dissolution tests were conducted to evaluate their dissolution behavior over a time period. The characterization tests proved the scientific viability of this attempt along with amorphous existence of drug in the polymeric filament. The dissolution results showed favorable drug release by achieving interstitial dissolution timings with surface area/volume (SA/V) ratio being found to be the principal factor.