bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CCR4+CD8+ T cells clonally expand to differentiated effectors in murine psoriasis and in human psoriatic arthritis
Authors: Montico Guendalina , Mingozzi Francesca , Casciano Fabio , Protti Giulia , Gornati Laura , Marzola Erika , Banfi Giuseppe , Guerrini Remo , Secchiero Paola , Volinia Stefano , Granucci Francesca , Reali Eva 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPsoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with an autoimmune component and associated with joint inflammation in up to 30% of cases. To investigate autoreactive T cells, we developed an imiquimod‐induced psoriasis‐like inflammation model in K5‐mOVA.tg C57BL/6 mice expressing ovalbumin (OVA) on the keratinocyte membrane, adoptively transferred with OT‐I OVA‐specific CD8+ T cells. We evaluated the expansion of OT‐I CD8+ T cells and their localization in skin, blood, and spleen. scRNA‐seq and TCR sequencing data from patients with psoriatic arthritis were also analyzed. In the imiquimod‐treated K5‐mOVA.tg mouse model, OT‐I T cells were markedly expanded in the skin and blood at early time points. OT‐I T cells in the skin showed mainly CXCR3+ effector memory phenotype, whereas in peripheral blood there was an expansion of CCR4+CXCR3+ OT‐I cells. At a later time point, expanded OVA‐specific T‐cell population was found in the spleen. In patients with psoriatic arthritis, scRNA‐seq and TCR sequencing data showed clonal expansion of CCR4+ TCM cells in the circulation and further expansion in the synovial fluid. Importantly, there was a clonotype overlap between CCR4+ TCM in the peripheral blood and CD8+ T‐cell effectors in the synovial fluid. This mechanism could play a role in the generation and spreading of autoreactive T cells to the synovioentheseal tissues in psoriasis patients at risk of developing psoriatic arthritis.
Screen‐printed electrochemical sensors for label‐free potentiometric and impedimetric detection of human serum albumin
Authors: Kamel Ayman H. , Ashmawy Nashwa H. , Youssef Teraze A. , Elnakib Mostafa , Abd El‐Naby Heba , Abd‐Rabboh Hisham S. M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractHerein, two electrochemical methods based on potentiometric and impedimetric transductions were presented for albumin targeting, employing screen‐printed platforms (SPEs) to make easy and cost‐effective sensors with good detection merits. The SPEs incorporated ion‐to‐electron multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) transducer. Sensors were constructed using either tridodecyl methyl‐ammonium chloride (TDMACl) (sensor I) or aliquate 336S (sensor II) in plasticized polymeric matrices of carboxylated poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC‐COOH). Analytical performances of the sensors were evaluated using the above‐mentioned electrochemical techniques. For potentiometric assay, constructed sensors responded to albumin with −81.7 ± 1.7 (r2 = 0.9986) and −146.2 ± 2.3 mV/decade (r2 = 0.9991) slopes over the linearity range 1.5 μM–1.5 mM with 0.8 and 1.0 μM detection limits for respective TDMAC‐ and aliquate‐based sensors. Interference study showed apparent selectivity for both sensors. Impedimetric assays were performed at pH = 7.5 in 10 mM PBS buffer solution with a 0.02 M [Fe(CN)6]−3/−4redox‐active electrolyte. Sensors achieved detection limits of 4.3 × 10−8and 1.8 × 10−7 M over the linear ranges of 5.2×10−8–1.0×10−4 M and 1.4×10−6–1.4×10−3 M, with 0.09 ± 0.004 and 0.168 ± 0.009 log Ω/decade slopes for sensors based on TDMAC and aliquate, respectively. These sensors are characterized with simple construction, high sensitivity and selectivity, fast response time, single‐use, and cost‐effectiveness. The methods were successfully applied to albumin assessment in different biological fluids.
Performance and emission analysis of single‐cylinder direct injection engine running with cottonseed‐ethyl oleate biodiesel blends
Authors: Singh Nishant Kumar , Singh Yashvir , Rahim Erween Abd , Sharma Abhishek , Singla Amneesh 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this study, the performance and exhaust emissions of a direct injection (DI) diesel engine are compared using blended fuels consisting of cottonseed oil (CSO) and ethyl oleate (EO) at various diesel proportions. The uniqueness of this work lies in the fact that it utilizes engine emission and performance studies with blended fuel made from CSO and EO at a higher volume (%) composition than is typically used. Biodiesel reduces brake‐specific fuel consumption (BSFC) compared to CSO, even though it is higher than diesel due to viscosity and heating value. The brake thermal efficiency (BTE) was enhanced until 800 rpm and afterward reduced as the engine's speed continued to increase. Among all the blends, BTE was recorded as highest for CE20D and minimum for CSO. Because EO was unsaturated, culminating in a reasonably short ignition delay, NOx emissions in fused biofuel were marginally more significant than in diesel. The concentrations of UHC and CO reduced as the concentrations of CSO and EO increased, caused by a rise in the oxygen concentration by mass portion. The results of the combustion and emission tests suggest that CE20D has the potential to be a sustainable alternative fuel.
Tectonic advection of contacts enhances landscape transience
Authors: Mitchell Nate , Forte Adam M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractContrasts in bedrock erodibility have been shown to drive landscape transience, but it is unclear whether horizontal tectonic displacements would enhance such effects. Furthermore, one might expect these factors to coexist, as tectonic convergence helps to create rock strength contrasts in settings like the Himalayas. How do landscapes respond when contacts separating units are raised vertically and shifted horizontally by tectonics? To evaluate such questions, we use landscape evolution models to simulate the exposure of a weak unit in a landscape equilibrated to a strong unit. We explore different simulations varying factors like weak unit erodibility, diffusivity, contact dip, and topographic advection rate. In these simulations, we assess the migration of the main drainage divide as well as changes in channel steepness and topographic relief within the strong unit. Our model results show that the horizontal movement of a contact does enhance drainage divide migration and increases in channel steepness, especially when the contact migrates along rivers with low drainage areas. Across all simulations, however, increases in topographic relief are minimal and temporary. Unexpected behaviors emerge in our simulations in which the mass balance of topography is influenced by horizontal tectonic displacements. For example, the exposure of the weak unit causes a gradual decline in the steepness of the strong unit. We interpret such behaviors to be artifacts related to the fixed boundaries of our domain and likely unrepresentative of natural landscapes. Instead, we focus on simulations where advection does not influence the mass balance of topography. These models show that the horizontal movement of contacts can enhance landscape transience, but this transience is marked by features one can use as diagnostic characteristics. Detecting such characteristics in natural landscapes featuring tectonic convergence would be difficult, however, due to the natural coincidence of factors such as faulting, folding, and landslides.
Experimental investigation of change in performance parameters on cooling of lithium‐ion battery pack using nanofluids
Authors: Thorat Prajwal 
Published: February 2023

AbstractElectric vehicles surged into the automobile industry due to increasing emissions and future extinction of fossil fuels which resulted due to their unforeseen utilization all over the globe. Battery is important components for manufacturing of electric vehicles (EVs). Currently lithium‐ion (Li‐ion) cells are the most advanced and efficient cell technology developed till date. These cells work well within an operating temperature range of 15° C to 35°C. Thus, many battery cooling techniques were developed such as air, liquid, phase change material (PCM) and heat pipe based cooling system. Liquid cooling was found to be the most efficient, adoptable and convenient system used in EVs. The current paper focuses on development of an active indirect liquid cooling system using nanofluids as coolant. Different performance parameters such as mass flow rate, nanoparticle concentration and maximum temperature of battery pack were varied and simulation results were validated using experimental results. The results concluded that nanofluids show improved and enhanced cooling as in comparison with other coolants such as water and ethylene glycol. Al2O3‐water nanofluid is the most preferable to use in EVs as coolants due to its efficient cooling, low cost and environmental friendly nature. On increasing the mass flow rate of the coolants, flowing into the cooling tube increases the cooling performance and reduces the temperature of battery pack within the battery operating zone. The cooling performance using nanofluids increased by 40% as in comparison with water and ethylene glycol as coolants when tested experimentally.
Genetic optimization design for aerodynamic structure of oblique flow compressor radial inlet chamber in compressed air energy storage system
Authors: Chen Jixiang , Zuo Zhitao , Zhou Xin , Guo Wenbin , Sun Jianting , Chen Haisheng 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe compressor plays a significant role in the compressed air energy storage (CAES) system, and its performance directly determines the overall efficiency of the system and the economy of energy storage. Internal flow losses and outlet distortion due to poor design of its radial inlet chamber (RIC) geometry can degrade the performance of downstream components and reduce compressor unit performance. In this article, a multiobjective optimization design is carried out for the RIC of the oblique flow compressor in CAES system, and a parametric optimization design method of the RIC annular convergent channel meridian profile is developed. The optimal Latin hypercube experimental design (opt LHD) method is used to generate the sample library, and the radial basis function neural network (RBFNN) is used to establish the surrogate model of each design parameter and RIC performance. The multiobjective optimization is executed by the second‐generation non‐dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA‐II). After optimization, the area of the annular convergent channel of the RIC is expanded, the transition of the meridian profile is smoother, the distortion coefficient of the RIC is reduced by 0.58%, and the total pressure loss coefficient is reduced by 16.45%. By using the optimized RIC, the performance of oblique flow compressor has been improved. Compared with the original model, the total pressure ratio and isentropic efficiency of the whole machine at the design point have been increased by 0.6% and 0.32%, respectively.
The role of option‐based information on StockTwits, options trading volume, and stock returns
Authors: Heng Zin Yau , Leung Henry 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe examine the relations between activities of multiple information channels for stocks simultaneously covered on the StockTwits social media platform, the options market, and the stock market. First, we show that, for our focal firms, net trade options volume ratio from the options market is positively and significantly related to the bullish sentiment of posts on StockTwits. Second, we find that net trade options volume ratio and bullish posts are positively and significantly related to stock returns. Third, we show that higher agreement amongst the sentiment of posts on StockTwits and net trade options volume ratio for options that are deeply out‐of‐the‐money (high leverage) both predict future stock returns for up to 20 days. This finding is consistent with the explanation that informed investors have an affinity to trade deeply levered options to maximize their returns at the lowest cost.
Interactive association of posttraumatic stress disorder, apolipoprotein ε4 genotype, and age on cognitive functioning
Authors: Lawrence Karen A. , Rippey Colton S. , Welikson Bianca , Pietrzak Robert H. , Adams Thomas G. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe ε4 allele of the apolipoprotein (APOE) gene and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are associated with cognitive deficits. Both associations may vary depending on age. No previous study has examined a possible three‐way interaction between APOE ε4, PTSD, and age on cognitive functioning.MethodsData were analyzed from 1244 European‐American U.S. military veterans who participated in the 2011 National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study (NHRVS). Analyses of covariance were used to examine the main effects and interactions of APOE ε4, PTSD, and age on learning/working memory (LWM) and attention/psychomotor (APM) performance.ResultsA significant three‐way interaction between APOE ε4, PTSD, and age on the LWM composite (ηp2 = 0.011) was observed such that the main effect of APOE ε4 on LWM was only significant for older participants with PTSD. A significant two‐way interaction between PTSD and age on the APM composite (ηp2 = 0.011) was observed such that the main effect of PTSD on APM was only significant in older participants.ConclusionOlder APOE ε4 carriers with probable PTSD showed poorer LWM performance relative to other groups. Aging‐related associations on APM performance were most pronounced in veterans with PTSD. These data are preliminary evidence that identification and treatment of PTSD may be beneficial for individuals at risk for age‐related cognitive impairment.
On the variation of the correction factor of surface velocity with the measurement vertical for shallow flows over rough beds
Authors: Carollo Francesco Giuseppe , Nicosia Alessio , Palmeri Vincenzo , Pampalone Vincenzo , Ferro Vito 
Published: February 2023

AbstractConsidering that water flow energy affects the detachment of soil particles, the transport and deposit of the detached particles, the flow velocity is a key variable governing the soil erosion processes at the hillslope scale. The simple dye‐tracer technique for measuring mean flow velocity can be applied in non‐controlled field applications for which some measurement difficulties (e.g. due to sediment transport, and shallow flows) can occur. The correction factor is usually obtained as the ratio between the mean velocity, deriving from measurements of flow discharge and water depth, and surface velocity. Alternatively, the possibility of using the velocity profile in a given vertical to determine a suitable correction factor has not yet been explored. In this article, the flow velocity measurements were carried out in five verticals having a different distance from the wall of a flume whose bed was covered by hemispheres with different concentrations (9%–64%) and organized in two arrangements (square, staggered). Fifteen runs, characterized by different Reynolds and Froude numbers, were performed and the correction factor αvv was calculated for each vertical. For the axial vertical αvv was independent of the arrangement, decreased with the hemisphere concentration, and increased with both the Froude and Reynolds numbers. Furthermore, αvv decreased from the bank to the flume axis as a result of the varying shape of the velocity profile. The analysis showed that the frequency distributions of the ratio between αvv and its mean value αm were overlaid and αm was used to represent the correction factor, accordingly. A relation of αm with the distance from the flume wall was detected. For the measured velocity profiles having a power shape, the analysis also demonstrated that the αvv values, obtained by fitting the power law to the measurements, were close to both those calculated as the ratio between the mean velocity along the vertical and the surface velocity and their averaged values across the hydraulic section. These three methods give comparable average values of the correction factor, in the range of 0.72–0.75, which are close to the commonly applied value of 0.8. Finally, this investigation demonstrated that a single survey of a power velocity profile allows for obtaining the correction factor accounting for different verticals across the entire hydraulic section.
Morphological and cytochemical characteristics ofVaranus niloticus(Squamata, Varanidae) blood cells
Authors: Soliman Soha A. , Abd‐Elhafeez Hanan H. , Mohamed Nor‐Elhoda , Alrashdi Barakat M. , Alghamdi Abdullah A. A. , Elmansi Ahmed , Salah Abdallah S. , El‐Gendy Samir A. A. , Rutland Catrin S. , Massoud Diaa 
Published: February 2023

AbstractVaranus niloticusis a lizard residing within the Varanidae family. To date no studies detailing its blood morphology and characteristics have been conducted. This study used histologically stained blood and bone marrow samples to visualize the cells and their characteristics. The erythrocytes were nucleated, these nuclei were located in the middle of the elliptical cells. Hemoglobin filled the erythrocyte cytoplasm. Eosinophils were large cells with lobed nuclei and spherical acidophilic granules. Large granulocytes called heterophils were present and characterized by their fusiform/pleomorphic cytoplasmic granules. Small spherical granulocytes, known as basophils, presented with round, deeply stained metachromatic granules that gave the cytoplasm a dusty or cobblestoned appearance which was able to cover the nucleus, which in turn had an unusual shape. Thrombocytes ranged in shape from ellipsoidal to fusiform. They featured an elliptical, centrally located nucleus and a pale cytoplasm, with small vacuoles, and fine acidophilic granulation. The smallest variety of non‐granular leukocytes was the lymphocytes. Their cytoplasm was sparse, finely granular, light blue, had tiny cytoplasmic projections, featuring a high nucleus: cytoplasm ratio. Larger and smaller sized populations of lymphocytes were distinguished, with the larger cells similar in size to azurophils. In general, the pleomorphic monocytes were the biggest mononuclear leucocytes, displaying cytoplasmic projections. Their nuclei were ovoid, kidney‐ or bean‐shaped, with vacuolated and granular cytoplasms. Round cells were common among the monocytic azurophils, and they had a granular cytoplasm, and their nuclei were typically eccentric. The present research identifies the cell types and morphologies within theVaranus niloticus.HighlightsH&E, PAS, toluidine blue, methylene blue, and Safranin O stains provided morphological and morphometric descriptions ofVaranus niloticusblood cells from blood smears and bone marrow.TheVaranus niloticushad nucleated erythrocytes and white blood cells, mostly granulocytes (heterophils, eosinophils, and basophils) and mononuclear cells (azurophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes).Aquatic vertebrateVaranus niloticushad larger erythrocytes than terrestrial counterparts.Blood cell morphological and cytochemical features were similar to other reptilian species, with some species‐specific differences, which likely accommodate differing environmental conditions.These results may help clinical researchers track the pathological conditions and support conservation of these wild animals.
Type of syncope and outcome in Brugada syndrome: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Rattanawong Pattara , Kewcharoen Jakrin , Yinadsawaphan Thanaboon , Fatunde Olubadewa A. , Kanitsoraphan Chanavuth , Vutthikraivit Wasawat , Prasitlumkum Narut , Chung Eugene H. , Shen Win‐Kuang 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIntroductionBrugada syndrome is an inherited arrhythmic disease associated with major arrhythmic events (MAE). The importance of primary prevention of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in Brugada syndrome is well recognized; however, ventricular arrhythmia risk stratification remains challenging and controversial. We aimed to assess the association of type of syncope with MAE via systematic review and meta‐analysis.MethodsWe comprehensively searched the databases of MEDLINE and EMBASE from inception to December 2021. Included studies were cohort (prospective or retrospective) studies that reported the types of syncope (cardiac, unexplained, vasovagal, and undifferentiated) and MAE. Data from each study were combined using the random‐effects, generic inverse variance method of DerSimonian and Laird to calculate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).ResultsSeventeen studies from 2005 to 2019 were included in this meta‐analysis involving 4355 Brugada syndrome patients. Overall, syncope was significantly associated with an increased risk of MAE in Brugada syndrome (OR = 3.90, 95% CI: 2.22–6.85, p < .001, I2 = 76.0%). By syncope type, cardiac (OR = 4.48, 95% CI: 2.87–7.01, p < .001, I2 = 0.0%) and unexplained (OR = 4.71, 95% CI: 1.34–16.57, p = .016, I2 = 37.3%) syncope was significantly associated with increased risk of MAE in Brugada syndrome. Vasovagal (OR = 2.90, 95% CI: 0.09–98.45, p = .554, I2 = 70.9%) and undifferentiated syncope (OR = 2.01, 95% CI: 1.00–4.03, p = .050, I2 = 64.6%, respectively) were not.ConclusionOur study demonstrated that cardiac and unexplained syncope was associated with MAE risk in Brugada syndrome populations but not in vasovagal syncope and undifferentiated syncope. Unexplained syncope is associated with a similar increased risk of MAE compared to cardiac syncope.
Modeling of Ultrasound Stimulation of Adolescent Pancreas for Insulin Release Therapy
Authors: Saab George , Singh Tania , Chen Andrew W. , Sabetrasekh Parisa , Sharma Karun , Cleary Kevin , Zderic Vesna 
Published: February 2023

ObjectivesOur previous published studies have focused on safety and effectiveness of using therapeutic ultrasound (TUS) for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in preclinical models. Here we present a set of simulation studies to explore potential ultrasound application schemes that would be feasible in a clinical setting.MethodsUsing the multiphysics modeling tool OnScale, we created two‐dimensional (2D) models of the human abdomen from CT images captured from one normal weight adolescent patient, and one obese adolescent patient. Based on our previous studies, the frequency of our TUS was 1 MHz delivered from a planar unfocused transducer. We tested five different insonation angles, as well as four ultrasound intensities combined with four different duty factors and five durations of application to explore how these variables effect the peak pressure and temperature delivered to the pancreas as well as surrounding tissue in the model.ResultsWe determined that ultrasound applied directly from the anterior of the patient abdomen at 5 W/cm2 delivered consistent acoustic pressures to the pancreas at the levels which we have previously found to be effective at inducing an insulin release from preclinical models.ConclusionsOur modeling work indicates that it may be feasible to non‐invasively apply TUS in clinical treatment of T2DM.
Publisher–Society partnerships to further image accessibility and global inclusivity in the Humanities and Social Sciences: Comparing top‐down and bottom‐up approaches
Authors: Cooper George , Burton Katherine , Black Alejandra , Buti Mokheseng , Richards Geraldine , Herbert Ginny , Lockwood Emma , Remmington Janet 
Published: February 2023

Key points
Collaboration between publishers and learned society partners can accelerate and amplify DEIA outcomes.
97 HSS titles have adopted alt‐text publication workflows and this change has been welcomed by journal authors and editors.
Efforts to promote global inclusivity do not always result in greater membership diversity, retention and growth.
Top‐down, publisher‐led DEIA initiatives are effective when they are aligned strategically to pre‐existing society initiatives.
Bottom‐up, member‐led DEIA initiatives benefit from publisher support to mitigate financial and time‐based barriers to active participation.
To reliably track DEIA outcomes, publishers ought to adopt systematic data collection strategies through initiatives like C4 and the Joint Commitment.