bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Whole spectrum of Aeromonas hydrophila virulence determinants and the identification of novel SNPs using comparative pathogenomics
Authors: Abdella Bahaa , Abozahra Nourhan A. , Shokrak Nermeen M. , Mohamed Radi A. , El-Helow Ehab R. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAeromonas hydrophila is a ubiquitous fish pathogen and an opportunistic human pathogen. It is mostly found in aquatic habitats, but it has also been isolated from food and bottled mineral waters. It causes hemorrhagic septicemia, ulcerative disease, and motile Aeromonas septicemia (MAS) in fish and other aquatic animals. Moreover, it might cause gastroenteritis, wound infections, and septicemia in humans. Different variables influence A. hydrophila virulence, including the virulence genes expressed, host susceptibility, and environmental stresses. The identification of virulence factors for a bacterial pathogen will help in the development of preventive and control measures. 95 Aeromonas spp. genomes were examined in the current study, and 53 strains were determined to be valid A. hydrophila. These genomes were examined for pan- and core-genomes using a comparative genomics technique. A. hydrophila has an open pan-genome with 18,306 total genes and 1620 genes in its core-genome. In the pan-genome, 312 virulence genes have been detected. The effector delivery system category had the largest number of virulence genes (87), followed by immunological modulation and motility genes (69 and 46, respectively). This provides new insight into the pathogenicity of A. hydrophila. In the pan-genome, a few distinctive single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been identified in four genes, namely: d-glycero-beta-d-manno-heptose-1,7-bisphosphate 7-phosphatase, chemoreceptor glutamine deamidase, Spermidine N (1)-acetyltransferase, and maleylpyruvate isomerase, which are present in all A. hydrophila genomes, which make them molecular marker candidates for precise identification of A. hydrophila. Therefore, for precise diagnostic and discrimination results, we suggest these genes be considered when designing primers and probes for sequencing, multiplex-PCR, or real-time PCR.
Tumor therapeutic response monitored by telemetric temperature sensing, a preclinical study on immunotherapy and chemotherapy
Authors: Shao Qi , Lundgren Mia , Lynch Justin , Jiang Minhan , Mir Mikael , Bischof John , Nelson Michael 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTemperature in the body and the tumor reflects physiological and pathological conditions. A reliable, contactless, and simplistic measurement system can be used for long-term monitoring of disease progression and therapy response. In this study, miniaturized battery-free wireless chips implanted into growing tumors on small animals were used to capture both basal and tumor temperature dynamics. Three preclinical models: melanoma (B16), breast cancer (4T1), and colon cancer (MC-38), were treated with adoptive T cell transfer, AC-T chemotherapy, and anti-PD-1 immunotherapy respectively. Each model presents a distinctive pattern of temperature history dependent on the tumor characteristic and influenced by the administered therapy. Certain features are associated with positive therapeutic response, for instance the transient reduction of body and tumor temperature following adaptive T cell transfer, the elevation of tumor temperature following chemotherapy, and a steady decline of body temperature following anti-PD-1 therapy. Tracking in vivo thermal activity by cost-effective telemetric sensing has the potential of offering earlier treatment assessment to patients without requiring complex imaging or lab testing. Multi-parametric on-demand monitoring of tumor microenvironment by permanent implants and its integration into health information systems could further advance cancer management and reduce patient burden.
High radiative efficiency based on intramolecular charge transfer in a 9,9′-bianthracene-ortho-carboranyl luminophore
Authors: Kim Mingi , Yi Sanghee , Kim Dongwook , Shin Ilsup , Seo Yung Ju , You Dong Kyun , Ryu Chan Hee , Lee Kang Mun 
Published: May 2023

A 9,9′-bianthracene-bearing o-carboranyl luminophore exhibited an exceptional intramolecular charge transfer-based radiative efficiency over 85% in the solution state at 298 K via strategic molecular design that ensured structural rigidity.
Facilitators and barriers in general practitioners’ choice to
work in primary care units in Austria: a qualitative study
Authors: Burgmann Sarah , Huter Sebastian , Mayerl Hannes , Paier-Abuzahra Muna , Siebenhofer Andrea 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background Recent reforms in Austria have focused on establishing
team-based care within multiprofessional primary care units, to enhance amongst
others, the work attractiveness of general practice. Nearly 75% of
qualified general practitioners are not working as contracted physicians with
the social health insurance. This study aims to explore the facilitators of and
barriers to non-contracted general practitioners to work in a primary care
unit.
Methods We conducted twelve semi-structured, problem-centered interviews
among purposively sampled non-contracted general practitioners. To extract
categories of facilitators and barriers for working in a primary care unit,
transcribed interviews were inductively coded using qualitative content
analysis. Subcategories were grouped into factors (facilitators and barriers) of
thematic criteria and mapped on the macro-, meso-, micro-, and individual
levels.
Results We identified 41 categories, including 21 facilitators and 20
barriers. Most facilitators were located at the micro-level, while most barriers
were located at the macro-level. Teamwork and associated conditions made primary
care units attractive as workplaces and corresponded with individual demands. In
contrast, system factors tended to reduce the attractiveness of working as a
general practitioner.
Conclusions Multifaceted efforts are needed to address relevant factors at
all of the levels mentioned above. These need to be carried out and consistently
communicated by all stakeholders. Efforts to strengthen the holistic approach in
primary care, like modern remuneration and patient steering mechanisms, are
essential. Financial support, consulting services as well as training on
entrepreneurship, management, leadership, and team-based care may help to reduce
the risk and burden of founding and running a primary care unit.
Der Nutzen von Cannabis in der Krebstherapie
Authors: Grotenhermen Franjo 
Published: May 2023

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGCannabis und Cannabinoide können bei der Palliation einer Anzahl von krebsassoziierten Symptomen hilfreich sein, darunter Appetitlosigkeit mit Gewichtsverlust, Übelkeit und Erbrechen, Schmerzen, Schlafstörungen und Depressionen. Einige dieser Indikationen gelten heute als etabliert. In der Grundlagenforschung wurde darüber hinaus nachgewiesen, dass eine Anzahl von Cannabinoiden, darunter THC (Dronabinol) und CBD (Cannabidiol), krebshemmende Eigenschaften besitzen. Es gibt Belege für eine Anzahl von Wirkmechanismen, darunter die Hemmung der Tumorzellproliferation, die Auslösung von Apoptosen und Autophagie, die Hemmung der Tumorinvasion und der Bildung von Metastasen, der Angioneogenese und der Chemoresistenz. Cannabinoide könnten auch vor einigen zytostatikabedingten Schäden schützen, darunter vor der Entwicklung einer peripheren Neuropathie. Allerdings wurden in einzelnen Untersuchungen auch krebsfördernde Eigenschaften von Cannabinoiden beobachtet. Die klinische Datenlage ist bisher sehr limitiert. Es gibt eindrucksvolle Fallberichte über eine erfolgreiche Krebstherapie mit CBD und THC sowie einige epidemiologische Studien und wenige klinische Daten, die ein therapeutisches Potenzial von cannabisbasierten Medikamenten unterstützen.
Pulsatile Subcutaneous Hydrocortisone Replacement in Primary Adrenal
Insufficiency
Authors: Simunkova Katerina , Løvås Kristian , Methlie Paal , Jovanovic Nevena , Bifulco Ersilia , Bronstad Ingeborg , Lightman S. L. , Husebye Eystein Sverre , Oksnes Marianne 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPulsatile endogenous cortisol secretion is critical for physiological
glucocorticoid gene signaling. Conventional glucocorticoid replacement therapy
does not mimic endogenous cortisol pulsing in primary adrenal insufficiency. In
an open-labeled, two-week, nonrandomized cross-over study of five patients with
adrenal insufficiency (Addison’s disease in two, bilateral adrenalectomy
in one, and congenital adrenal hyperplasia in two patients) we compared
pulsatile and continuous cortisol pump treatment and conventional oral
glucocorticoid therapy with respect to 24-h serum corticosteroid levels and
plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). Pulsed pump restored ultradian
rhythmicity as demonstrated by five peaks of serum (all patients) and
subcutaneous tissue cortisol (four patients). Morning subcutaneous cortisol and
cortisone were higher in continuous and pulsed pump treatment than in oral
therapy despite nearly similar serum cortisol levels in all treatment arms. ACTH
was within the physiological range during pulsed pump treatment in all patients
except for slightly elevated levels in the morning hours
04:00–08:00 h. During oral therapy, ACTH was very high in
patients with Addison’s disease and suppressed in patients with
congenital adrenal hyperplasia. In conclusions, mimicking endogenous cortisol
rhythmicity by ultradian subcutaneous infusion of cortisol is feasible. It was
superior to both continuous pump and oral therapy in maintaining normal ACTH
levels throughout the 24-h cycle. Our results demonstrate a low free cortisol
bioavailability on thrice daily oral replacement therapy compared to both types
of subcutaneous infusion.
A New Approach to the S–H Insertion Reaction of α-Keto Esters and Thiols
Authors: Yuan Changchun , Fu Kai , Tian Kaixin , Zhang Zhenguo , Guo Jingjing 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSulfur-containing compounds are well known for their frequent occurrence in a large number of natural and synthetic molecules with relevant biological activity. An easy and highly efficient approach to sulfur-containing compounds, by S–H insertion reactions of α-keto esters with thiols, is reported. The substrate scope was remarkably wide, affording the corresponding products in up to 97% yield. Overall, the raw materials were readily available and the reaction conditions were mild in this synthetic method.
Imaging Recommendations for Diagnosis, Staging, and Management of Hematological Malignancies
Authors: Guha Amrita 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe NIC defines hematological cancers as those that begin in blood forming tissues such as bone marrow or cells of the immune system and these broadly include three groups: leukemias, lymphomas, and myelomas. The role of imaging is also fundamentally different between the three main groups of hematological malignancies. While imaging is the main tool for staging as well as treatment response assessment in lymphoma, it represents one of several key criteria for the diagnosis and follow-up of myeloma; whereas in leukemia, imaging has a role to play in the detection and management of treatment-related complications which is a crucial part of post-transplant treatment.
Radiation Recall Dermatitis in Breast Cancer Patient after Trastuzumab: A Case Report with Review of Literature
Authors: Vadgaonkar Rohit Avinash , Ventrapati Pradeep , Mehta Ankita , Dutta Anupurva 
Published: May 2023

AbstractRadiation recall dermatitis (RRD) is an extremely rare phenomenon. A variety of factors such as antineoplastic agents, pharmaceutical agents, physical and environmental factors have been proposed to be the underlying cause of RRD. Only a handful cases have been reported till date, where trastuzumab is sought to be the triggering agent. The presentation of RRD varies from mild erythematous to extensive confluent dermatitis, resolving over a period of 1 to 2 weeks with conservative management. Most of the patients tend to tolerate rechallenge well without showing reappearance. We hereby describe a lady with breast cancer having RRD following administration of trastuzumab. She developed reaction 28 days post-radiotherapy and managed conservatively. Furthermore, she was rechallenged with the same dose, that she tolerated very well, without any reappearance. Hence, an acquaintance of the clinicians to this rare entity is essential for timely diagnosis and appropriate management.
Sorafenib-Induced Spiny Follicular Hyperkeratosis: A Case Report with Review of Literature
Authors: Shajil Chandana , Sathishkumar Dharshini , Boddu Deepthi , Telugu Ramesh Babu 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSorafenib is a multikinase inhibitor used in the treatment of various solid tumors. Mucocutaneous adverse events are experienced by 70 to 90% of the patients receiving sorafenib, underscoring the importance of awareness among oncologists and dermatologists. Spiny follicular hyperkeratosis (SFH) is a benign and rarely reported skin reaction linked to sorafenib. It is characterized by flesh-colored or white, follicular hyperkeratotic spicules, preferentially involving the face, scalp, upper trunk, and upper arms. Besides being acknowledged as a paraneoplastic cutaneous manifestation of multiple myeloma, SFH has also been linked to a few diseases and drugs, other than sorafenib. However, the precise etiopathogenesis remains to be elucidated. We report an interesting case of SFH in a 14-year-old child, 1 week following the initiation of sorafenib. Trichodysplasia spinulosa, multiple minute digitate hyperkeratosis, keratosis pilaris, filiform warts, and pityriasis rubra pilaris are morphologically similar conditions that were excluded by clinicopathological correlation. A complete resolution of skin rash following sorafenib dose reduction further reinforced our diagnosis. Our patient also developed hand-foot skin reaction, facial erythema, and eruptive nevi during treatment. The regrowth of curly hair following chemotherapy-induced anagen effluvium was an interesting development in our case. We report this case to familiarize clinicians with this rare entity.
Performance Evaluation of an Improved HBsAg Assay (HBsAg NEXT) for the Detection of HBsAg Levels
Authors: Gupta Ekta , Bhugra Arjun , Samal Jasmine , Khodare Arvind , Singh Keshaw , Rastogi Aayushi , Sharma Manoj Kumar 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objectives Detection of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) plays an important role in the screening and diagnosis of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections. There is a need of highly sensitive assays with an improved lower limit of detection (LoD). Here, we evaluate the performance characteristics of the HBsAg NEXT (HBsAg new) assay in the detection of HBsAg in clinical samples.
Materials and Methods This was a cross-sectional study conducted at a tertiary care liver center in North India. The study included 439 clinical samples. The HBsAg new assay was compared to the conventional chemiluminescence-based assay (HBsAg old assay, Architect, Abbott Diagnostics, United States). The analytical sensitivity of the HBsAg new assay was evaluated by checking its performance with the second World Health Organization (WHO) international standards for HBsAg.
Results Out of 439 blood samples that were retrieved from the departmental repository stored at –80°C, 100 samples were positive and 339 samples were negative for HBsAg as per the HBsAg old assay. The HBsAg new assay showed incremental detection of HBsAg in 11 additional samples. Out of these, 5 samples were confirmed as occult HBV infection and the remaining 6 were classified as “exposed-to-virus” samples (HBV core total antibody-positive). The HBsAg new assay demonstrated a high positive significant correlation with the HBsAg old assay (r = 0.881, p-value < 0.001). The HBsAg new assay could effectively detect the second WHO international standards to the level of 0.0033 IU/mL.
Conclusion The HBsAg NEXT assay is a highly sensitive assay with an improved lower LoD.
Hemostatic Profile and Serological Response of Patients with Immune Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura after Receiving BNT162b2 Vaccine: A Prospective Study
Authors: Schieppati Francesca , Russo Laura , Gamba Sara , Galimberti Elisa , Giaccherini Cinzia , Tartari Carmen J. , Bolognini Silvia , Verzeroli Cristina , Ticozzi Chiara , Barcella Luca , Marchetti Marina , Falanga Anna 
Published: May 2023

Introduction Coronavirus disease is a clinical challenge for patients with autoimmune conditions. Patients affected by immune thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (iTTP) are particularly vulnerable to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Protecting these patients with vaccination is therefore mandatory, although concerns may exist on a possible increased thrombotic risk or risk of disease relapse after vaccine exposure. So far, there is no information on serological response and hemostatic activation in iTTP patients after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.
Materials and Methods In this study, in April 2021, we enrolled iTTP patients in clinical remission and on regular outpatient follow-up to receive the first and second dose BNT162b2 vaccine as a part of a prospective trial aimed at monitoring for 6 months after vaccination the occurrence of subclinical laboratory signs of clotting activation, as well as overt thrombotic complications or disease relapse. The seroconversion response was monitored in parallel. The results were compared with those of control non-iTTP subjects.
Results A moderate decrease of ADAMTS-13 activity was recorded at 3 and 6 months in five patients with normal values at baseline, while an ADAMTS-13 relapse occurred at 6 months in one patient. Abnormalities in the endothelium activation biomarkers postvaccination were observed in iTTP patients compared with controls. The immunological response to vaccine was overall positive. No clinical iTTP relapses or thrombotic events manifested in the 6 month-follow-up after vaccination.
Conclusion The results of this study are in favor of efficacy and safety of mRNA vaccines in patients with iTTP, and highlight the importance of long-term monitoring of iTTP patients.
Nudge or not, university teachers have mixed feelings about online teaching
Authors: Banerjee Sanchayan , Jambrina-Canseco Beatriz , Brundu-Gonzalez Benjamin , Gordon Claire , Carr Jenni 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe designed and administered an online survey experiment to 444 educators in a large social sciences university in the United Kingdom to evaluate their perceptions on the effectiveness of online teaching methods. We find that a nudge, designed to inform educators about the benefits of online teaching, does not improve the personal evaluations of educators in our sample (ntreat = 142, ncontrol = 142) about this new mode of teaching. Overall, most respondents in our sample report being comfortable with online teaching methods and think this form of teaching can continue to have some positive impact. Nonetheless, they do not favour any further online transition away from traditional modes of teaching. Online teaching is largely perceived by a majority of these educators to negatively affect student well-being and their overall university experience. We call for more experimental research in higher educational settings to evaluate the role of edunudges in improving the uptake of online teaching tools.
Populist student organizations in Indonesia: an analysis of anti-establishment ideas
Authors: Amin Muryanto , Ritonga Alwi Dahlan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractExperts argue that Indonesia is being affected by a wave of populism, with the most prominent form being right-wing populism pushed by Islamic groups. However, despite the research on populism in Indonesia, the issue of populism and students has not been fully explored by scholars. Students have been impactful in several phases of change in Indonesia’s political history. This article argues that populist movements—specifically Islamic populism—exist and develop in on campuses. This paper aims to explain both the model and the reality of populism among Islamic students in Indonesia and determine which is more populist. This article explores this phenomenon by studying two Islamic student organizations in Indonesia, the Muslim Student Association (Himpunan Mahasiswa Islam; HMI) and GEMA Liberation (GEMAPembebasan). We chose these two organizations because of their existence and age. This research used an ideational approach with a qualitative analysis framework. The data collected consisted of primary and secondary data. Primary data was obtained through an interview process with 24 key informants, consisting of central-level administrators, alumni, and members of each organization. Secondary data was obtained from various media reports and official organizational documents. This research found two populist organizational models among Islamic students, represented by HMI and GEMA Liberation. Analysis of the two cases shows that HMI’s populism appears more moderate or thin than that of GEMA Liberation, which is much stronger and more assertive. The determination of which organization is more populist is based on two approaches: the number of individuals following the organization and the correspondence between their ideas and the practical steps they take for change. Based on the first approach, HMI is more populist than GEMA Liberation. If considered based on the second approach, GEMA Liberation is more populist than HMI.
Learning context and the development of second language
Spanish
Authors: Zahler Sara L. , E. Whatley Melissa 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This study examines the variation between the
preterit and present perfect among 43 learners studying abroad in
Chile and Spain. We compared their results to those of 105 Spanish
learners in the at-home university context to determine whether our
learners approached regional norms or if they followed an
acquisitional pathway common to English-speaking learners of
Spanish. Twenty-three native speakers from Chile, Spain, and the
at-home context also completed the study. Results indicate that both
study abroad groups developed similarly to each other and to the
at-home learners. These findings suggest that, for variable
past-time perfective marking, rather than approaching regional
norms, students who participate in study abroad move along a
developmental trajectory common to English-speaking learners of
Spanish.
A quaternary epistemic code
Authors: Martinez Philippe Antoine 
Published: May 2023

AbstractEvidentiality has often been described in narrow terms as an independent grammatical category denoting an overt source of information (e.g., perception, inference, assumption and hearsay). Drawing on fieldwork data, this paper explores how evidentiality is encoded at the copula level in Chhitkul-Rākchham (West Himalayish). In doing so, it is argued that the relevant evidentials, part of a comparatively complex scheme consisting of nine elements, together with a negative sub-system, fall under the broader umbrella of epistemic modality. The contention finds an illustration in an egophoric marker following two inflectional tracks with two resulting degrees of assertiveness, and in a handful of combinatorial constructions. Evidentiality as expressed by copulas points to the self, which builds bridges with the study of consciousness. The latter term is underappreciated within linguistics and this work emphasizes the need for a broader cross-disciplinary outlook.