bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COVID-19 From Symptoms to Prediction: A Statistical and Machine Learning Approach
Authors: Fakieh Bahjat , Saleem Farrukh 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

During the COVID-19 pandemic, analysis of patients’ data played a vital role in developing precautions, medications, and vaccination strategies. In this regard, data reported by hospitals and medical institutes is considered one of the reliable sources for any investigation. The use of recent technologies such as machine learning provides a platform to transform such data into meaningful insight that can help decision-makers to prepare future strategies. This study mainly focused on developing prediction models to predict the age group of COVID-19 patients using different attributes by applying statistical and Machine Learning (ML) approaches. The study was conducted in two different phases. Firstly, statistical tests such as ANOVA and t-test were applied to investigate relationships between different variables. Secondly, multiple ML models were applied to predict patients’ age groups based on symptom data. For this, Decision Tree, Naïve Bayes, KNN, Gradient Boosted Trees, and Random Forest models were trained for prediction. In addition, to enrich the performance of the prediction model bagging, boosting, and stacking ensemble approaches are used. The statistical results clearly suggested a significant association among five common symptoms in datasets. Moreover, the results of ML implementation indicated that ensemble approaches such as boosting, bagging, and stacking can enhance the prediction accuracy significantly. Overall, the gradient boosting trees (GBT) with bagging marginally outperformed (0.6628), but in some cases boosting and stacking proved strong techniques and can generate better ensembles than bagging. For example, K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) and Naïve Bayes (NB) without ensemble recorded (0.529) and (0.554) accuracy, but with the stacking model the performance of both was enhanced significantly and accuracy measured at 0.63 and 0.622 respectively. This study shows that ML ensemble approaches can enrich the performance of the prediction model. The results of this study can be useful for medical authorities to prepare and implement strategies and precaution guidelines for different age groups and recorded symptoms.
Flow cytometric analysis of hepatopancreatic cells from Armadillidium vulgare highlights terrestrial Isopods as efficient environmental bioindicators in ex vivo settings
Authors: Panza Giovanna , Montanari Mariele , Lopez Daniele , Burattini Sabrina , Ciacci Caterina , Fumelli Piermarco Paci , Pasini Giovanni , Fusi Vieri , Giorgi Luca , Grandoni Francesco , Papa Stefano , Santolini Riccardo , Canonico Barbara 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Several studies report the high capacity of bioindication of Isopoda (Crustacea, Oniscidea), related to their important ability to accumulate contaminants, useful in soil ecotoxicology and in bioindication activities. Any change in the Isopods population, diversity, and life cycle can indicate relevant pollution levels. The analysis of target tissues, as hepatopancreas, is another emerging approach (from a cytologic/histologic level) to detect contaminant accumulation from different sources. In this study, tissue disaggregation procedures were optimised on hepatopancreas, and Flow Cytometry (FC) was applied to detect cell viability and several cell functions. After disaggregation, two hepatopancreatic cell types, Small (S) and Big (B), were still recognizable: they differ in morphology and behaviour. The analyses were conducted for the first time on Isopods from sites at different conditions of ecological disturbance through a cytometric re-interpretation of ecological-environmental parameters. Significant differences in cell functional parameters were found, highlighting that Isopod hepatopancreatic cells can be efficiently analysed by FC and represent standardisable, early biologic indicators, tracing environmental-induced stress through cytologic/histologic analyses.
Optical Second Harmonic Generation in Anisotropic Multilayers with Complete Multireflection Analysis of Linear and Nonlinear Waves using ♯SHAARP.ml Package
Authors: Zu Rui , Wang Bo , He Jingyang , Weber Lincoln , Saha Akash , Chen Long-Qing , Gopalan Venkatraman 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Optical second harmonic generation (SHG) is a nonlinear optical effect widely used for nonlinear optical microscopy and laser frequency conversion. Closed-form analytical solution of the nonlinear optical responses is essential for evaluating the optical responses of new materials whose optical properties are unknown a priori. A recent open-source code, ♯SHAARP.si, can provide such closed form solutions for crystals with arbitrary symmetries, orientations, and anisotropic properties at a single interface. However, optical components are often in the form of slabs, thin films on substrates, and multilayer heterostructures with multiple reflections of both the fundamental and up to ten different SHG waves at each interface, adding significant complexity. Many approximations have therefore been employed in the existing analytical approaches, such as slowly varying approximation, weak reflection of the nonlinear polarization, transparent medium, high crystallographic symmetry, Kleinman symmetry, easy crystal orientation along a high-symmetry direction, phase matching conditions and negligible interference among nonlinear waves, which may lead to large errors in the reported material properties. To avoid these approximations, we have developed an open-source package named Second Harmonic Analysis of Anisotropic Rotational Polarimetry in Multilayers (♯SHAARP.ml). The reliability and accuracy are established by experimentally benchmarking with both the SHG polarimetry and Maker fringes predicted from the package using standard materials.
Relationship of urinary bisphenol A in childhood on thyroid hormone function in adolescents: a cohort study
Authors: Choi Jung Eun , Choi Eun Jeong , Lee Seonhwa , Park Bohyun , Lee Hye Ah , Hong Young Sun , Ha Eunhee , Kim Hae soon , Park Hyesook 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a type of endocrine-disrupting chemical utilized in the production of plastics like epoxy resins and polycarbonate polymers. BPA exhibits weak estrogenic and potent anti-androgenic effects, and prior research has linked it to disturbances in thyroid function. This study aims to assess the potential association between early childhood exposure to urinary bisphenol A and thyroid hormone levels in pubertal children from Korea.
Methods
Participants were drawn from the Ewha Birth and Growth Cohort Study, encompassing individuals who visited Ewha Women's Mokdong Hospital between 2001 and 2005. The concentration of urinary BPA was repeatedly measured for each subject at ages 3–5 years and 7–9 years. Serum levels of free T3, free T4, and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) were measured at ages 10–12 years in a subgroup of 128 out of 164 subjects who had undergone repeated BPA concentration measurements. We utilized the SAS program to analyze possible links between childhood exposure to BPA and thyroid hormone function in adolescence. Additionally, we explored how exposure to BPA during two specific periods influenced changes in thyroid hormone levels.
Results
The study observed that urinary BPA levels at ages 3–5 years were not notably linked to thyroid hormone levels in adolescents aged 10–12 years. However, BPA levels at ages 7–9 years were significantly associated with free T3 levels in girls aged 10–12 years. Conversely, exposure to BPA did not result in significant differences in thyroid hormone levels among boys. The study did not find statistically significant connections between levels of urinary BPA and the other thyroid hormones, specifically TSH and free T4. There was a significant decrease in the concentration of free T3 in girls with higher BPA concentrations.
Conclusions
BPA exposure in childhood affects thyroid function in adolescent girls. This relationship may contribute to an increased prevalence of thyroid disorders in adolescents due to environmental influences.
Heat shock Complicated by Acinetobacter baumannii Pneumonia
Authors: zhu yaqian 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Heat shock can disrupt the respiratory mucosal barrier, which further results in bacterial colonization and dissemination, subsequently leading to systemic endotoxemia. Acinetobacter baumannii is a conditional pathogenic bacterium in the respiratory tract and a common causative agent of bacterial pneumonia. During heat shock, exposure to elevated temperatures disrupts the integrity of pulmonary endothelial cells and the air-blood barrier, allowing for the colonization and extensive proliferation of Acinetobacter baumannii in the respiratory tract, consequently causing pulmonary infections. Here is a retrospective analysis of the clinical data of a patient with heat shock complicated by Acinetobacter baumannii pneumonia, who was admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of Zhijiang People's Hospital. The analysis aims to provide insights into the pathological basis, clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment strategies for the occurrence of this condition, thereby enhancing the awareness of clinicians regarding complications associated with heat shock.
Efficacy of Pretreatment with Remimazolam on Prevention of Propofol-Induced Injection Pain in Patients Undergoing Gastroscopy: A Prospective, Sing-Center, Randomized, Double-Blinded and Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Yuan Ruimei , Wen Jing , Xing Qingfei , Chao Lei , Hu Chunhai , Ren Jie , Meng Fanjun 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objective
To evaluate the efficacy of remimazolam pretreatment in preventing propofol-induced injection pain (PIP) in patients undergoing gastroscopy.
Methods
One hundred and forty patients( ASA Ⅰ -Ⅱ, aged 18–65 years, BMI 18–28 kg/m2) who had undergone selective gastroscopy were randomized into either a saline group ( group S) or a remimazolam group ( group R) ( n = 70 for each) on a computer-generated random number basis. The patients in group S received normal saline (0.1 mL/kg) and those in group R were administered remimazolam (0.1 mg/kg) via intravenous infusion for 60 seconds. Group S and R patients were intravenously received propofol (0.5 mL/s) until loss of consciousness. A different anesthesiologist who was unaware of the pretreatment was responsible for maintaining the outcome. The primary endpoint of our study was the incidence of PIP, which was measured using a 4-point scale. Secondary endpoints include the intensity of PIP, vital signs, characteristics of surgery and recovery, and adverse events.
Results
The incidence of PIP was significantly lower in group R than in group S (12.86 vs 51.43%, p < 0.001), and a lower percentage of patients presented with moderate PIP (2.86 vs 20.0%, p < 0.001). Moreover, lower consumption of propofol, shorter recovery time, and greater patient satisfaction were observed in group R than in group S.
Conclusion
Pretreatment with remimazolam can effectively reduce the incidence and intensity of PIP in gastroscopy and shorten the recovery time without severe adverse effects.
Trial Registration
Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (identifier: ChiCTR2200063793).
Coordinate system setting for post-machining of impeller shape by wire arc additive manufacturing and evaluation of processing efficiency
Authors: Son Hwi Jun , Seo Bo Wook , Kim Chang Jong , Kim Seok , Cho Young Tae 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) is a metal 3D printing process that uses arc welding. It is a method of stacking beads made by melting metal wires with an arc heat source generated by a short-circuit current. Compared to other metal additive manufacturing methods, this process can be used to quickly produce large and complex-shaped metal parts. However, due to the multi-bead stacking method, the surface is highly curved and the dimensional errors are large; therefore, post-processing of the surface by cutting is required. Impellers, which are widely used in various industries, have complex shapes and high material consumption during cutting; therefore, the WAAM process can improve the manufacturing efficiency. In this study, a manufacturing process for an impeller with a diameter of 160 mm was developed by using the WAAM process. A 6-bladed fan-type impeller used for high-pressure fluid delivery was similarly modeled, and the product was additively manufactured using an Inconel 625 alloy wire. The additive manufacturing conditions that ensure productivity and quality or the product were determined through experimentation. Considering the post-processing of the WAAM-fabricated structure, the robot and tool paths of the impeller model were designed, and the error in the process coordinate system caused by attaching and detaching the workpiece between the two processes was reduced. Through the post-processing of the WAAM-fabricated structure, the production efficiency and process reliability were verified when the conventional manufacturing method and WAAM process were applied.
Effect of mentorship and a mHealth application in updating provider skills and knowledge in maternal and newborn care in two informal settlements of Nairobi
Authors: Ndwiga Charity , Abuya Timothy , Okondo Chantalle , Akinyi Sharon , Wickramanayake Anneka , Warren Charlotte E. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Children and women in urban informal settlements have fewer choices to access quality maternal and newborn health care. Facilities serving these communities are under-resourced, staffed by providers with limited access to skills updates. We present evidence of the combined effect of mentorship and a self-guided online learning platform for maternal health providers to increase their capacity in providing general and emergency obstetric and newborn care in 24 facilities from two informal settlements in Nairobi.
Methods
Mixed methods research with before and after cross-sectional provider surveys conducted at baseline and endline. Descriptive analysis compared individual knowledge elements using a chi square test of proportions between baseline and endline and a summary score generated to develop a composite score. A negative binomial regression model was fitted to explore the relationship between the primary outcome (composite knowledge score) and exposure to the intervention. During endline, 18 in-depth interviews were conducted with mentors, mentees exposed to the intervention, and providers not exposed to explore experience of the intervention on quality maternal health services. Data was managed using NVIVO 20 (QSR International) and analyzed thematically.
Results
Overall, out of 95 knowledge elements examined, there were statistically significant improvements of both individual and overall scores from 29/95 at baseline (30.5%) to 44.3/95 (46.6%) during endline representing a 16-percentage point increase (p < 0.001). These improvements were evident the in public health facilities representing a 17.3 percentage point increase (from 30.9% at baseline to 48.2% at endline, p < 0.001). Providers working in private facilities exhibited a 15.8 percentage point increase in knowledge from 29.7% at baseline to 45.5% at endline (p = 0.0001).Scores of providers at hospital level increased from 34–51% at endline representing a 17-percentage point increase (p = 0.0001). Those working in health centers improved their score from around 28% to 46, a 16-percentage increase (p < 0.001); however, there were no significant changes among providers working in dispensaries (25.4% at baseline to 32.1% at endline, p = 0.351).
Conclusion
The combined effects of mentorship and a self-guided online learning platform for maternal health providers improve provider competency, skills, and knowledge of maternal and newborn health services working in informal settlements.
Clinicopathological analysis of MPO-ANCA glomerulonephritis in children on immune cell infiltrates
Authors: Zhang Pei , He Xu , Tang Zi-lu , Wang Pei-pei , Gao Chun-lin , Xia Zheng-kun 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
BACKGROUND
The objective of this study was to establish the correlations between renal immune cell infiltration and clinical, laboratory and pathological characteristics in pediatric patients diagnosed with myeloperoxidase (MPO)-antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated glomerulonephritis (AAGN).
METHODS
The present study aimed at analyzing the correlation between intrarenal immune cell infiltrates and clinical, laboratory, and renal pathological characteristics in pediatric patients diagnosed with MPO-AAGN.
RESULTS
Neutrophils infiltrates positively moderately correlated with mononuclear cells infiltrates, acute kidney injury (AKI), procalcitonin (PCT), urinary N-acetyl-β-D-glucosidase (NAG) and Pediatric Vasculitis Activity Score (PVAS), interstitial inflammation, tubulointerstitial inflammation score and tubulitis score, and negatively moderately correlated with ANCA renal risk score (ARRS) low-risk group, minimal and mild group in Mayo clinic chronicity score (MCCS) system. Mononuclear cells infiltrates positively moderately correlated with the value of CD4 + T cells and crescent formation, and negatively moderately correlated with normal glomeruli. Bowman's capsule rupture (BCR) positively moderately correlated with neutrophils and mononuclear cells infiltrates. In AAGN, neutrophil infiltrates were a risk factor for acute kidney disease (AKD), while plasma cells infiltrates were a risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages 3–5. The renal survival rate in plasma cells infiltrate (+) group was significantly poorer than plasma cells infiltrates (-) group (X2 = 4.527, p = 0.033).
CONCLUSIONS
Immune cells infiltrate positively correlated with each other, and mainly positively correlated with acute renal tubular and kidney inflammatory lesions in children with MPO-AAGN. In addition, neutrophils and plasma cells infiltrates were associated with the progression of MPO-AAGN in children.
Exploring the connection between ego-resiliency and health behaviors: a case study of Polish health sciences students
Authors: Dębska-Janus Małgorzata , Dębski Paweł , Nawrocka Agnieszka , Polechoński Jacek , Madejczyk Wojciech , Badura-Brzoza Karina 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between ego-resiliency and the intensity of health behaviors among Polish health sciences students.
Methods: The study involved 483 students fromhealth-related faculties insouthern Poland, consisting of 314 women (63.7%) and 179 men (36.3%). The average age of the participants was 21.7±2.5 years. To assess resiliency, theEgo-Resiliency Scale (ER89-R12) by Block and Kremen was used in its Polish adaptation. The intensity of health behaviors was examined using the Health Behavior Inventory (HBI) developed by Z. Juczyński.
Results: The results revealed a positive correlation between the intensity of health behaviors and ER (r=0.43, p<0.001), both for the general factor and its specific categories. Students with a high level of health behaviors exhibited significantly higher ER (M=38.95, SD=5.15) compared to those with average (M=35.93, SD=5.03) and low (M=32.97, SD=5.12) HBI levels. Among the HBI categories, Positive Mental Attitude showed the strongest correlation with ER. Furthermore, the correlation was found to be stronger with the optimal regulation factor and weaker with openness to life experiences. Conclusion: Higher ER in students is correlatedwith a greater likelihood of engaging in health behaviors consistently. Nurturing the development of ERmay contribute to the maintenance of prohealth practices despite life difficulties and temporary loss of motivation. This, in turn, promotes the regularity of health behaviors, which is crucial for their positive impact on overall health.
Fully Vaccination coverage and associated factors among children aged 12-23 months in Pawe District: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Salah Fekiahmed , Azage Muluken , Weyessa Nigatu , Mulatu Sileshi , Jira Lemessa 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Although accesses to vaccine for children are increasing at healthcare facility, outbreaks of vaccine preventable diseases and deaths were reported in different areas of Benishangul Gumuz Region. Different interventions have also been given to provide vaccine for each child with their appropriate age. Still there is limited information on fully vaccination coverage and associated factors among children aged 12–23 months in Benishangul-Gumuz Region, particularly in Pawe district.
Method
A community-based cross-sectional study design was employed from April, 1–30/2022 among 750 participants. Study populations were selected using simple random sampling technique. Data was collected using structured questionnaires. Data was coded and entered into SPSS 23.0 versions. Bi-variable and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to assess factors associated with vaccination status of children. Variables with p-value < 0.05 were considered significantly associated with the outcome variable.
Result
The results of this study revealed that 542 (72.3%) with the (95% CI = 68.9, 75.2) of the children were full vaccinated. The factors significantly associated with full vaccination coverage were employed mothers (AOR = 0.53, 95% CI: 0.29, 0.95), ANC follow-up (AOR = 1.74, 95% CI: 1.00, 3.03), PNC follow-up (AOR = 6.19, 95% CI: 3.62, 10.56), health institution delivery (AOR = 4.70, 95% CI: 1.90, 11.66), Birth order of children (AOR = 3.63, CI: 2.00, 6.59) mothers who had vaccinated for TT (AOR = 3.05, CI: 1.36, 6.86) & mothers knowledge of vaccination schedule (AOR = 2.49, 95% CI: 1.19, 5.21).
Conclusions
This study revealed that full vaccination coverage was lower than the recommended targets set by District level. Mothers’ occupation, ANC follow up, PNC visit, Birth order of children, place of delivery, mothers who knows vaccination schedule of a catchment area and mothers who had vaccinated for TT vaccine were found to be statistically significantly associated with full vaccination status of children aged 12–23 months. We recommend that effectiveness on vaccine should be studied in this area.