bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Label-Free Intracellular Temperature Measurement by Integrating Raman Imaging and Deep Learning
Authors: Takahashi Hiroaki , Kajimoto Shinji , Irikura Ohsuke , Nakabayashi Takakazu 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We developed a label-free method for visualizing intracellular temperature distribution using Raman image analysis with deep learning. Analysis of the entire region of the O-H stretching band of water using deep learning achieves an accuracy of ∼0.2°C, allowing intracellular temperature mapping without any preprocessing such as fluorescent labeling. Experiments using photoexcitation of carbon nanotubes attached to living cells demonstrate that this method can obtain transient changes in the temperature distribution within a cell.
Optimizing the accession-level quantity of seeds to put into storage to minimize seed (gene)bank regeneration or re-collection
Authors: Hay Fiona R , Baum (née Whitehouse) Katherine J , Oyatomi Olaniyi , Wolkis Dustin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Seed (gene)banking is an effective way to conserve cultivated and wild plant diversity. However, long-term funding is not always consistently sufficient, and there is a need to both strengthen the effectiveness of genebank operations and maximize cost efficiency. One way to control the cost of maintaining a germplasm collection is to optimize the quantity of seeds per accession that is placed into storage, depending on the expected length of time a seed lot will remain above the viability threshold, expected rates of use for distribution and viability testing and on the requirement to ensure a reserve. Here, we express this as an equation, which can be applied to cultivated species and adjusted to different scenarios, but also to inform decisions about use of accessions of wild species where the number of seeds available is limited, a common scenario for wild-species conservation seed banks. For many crop genebanks, given the expected longevity of seeds, it would be worthwhile to increase the number of seeds produced and processed for storage. This would also help to diminish the risk of genetic drift due to frequent cycles of regeneration but would have implications in terms of how accessions are regenerated, in particular, how many plants are used for regeneration and the size of storage facilities. The equation we present can also be rearranged and used to plan how to allocate seeds for testing and use when the number of seeds available is limited. This may have particular relevance for species conservation seed banks.
Perioperative management and inflammatory marker monitoring in a cardiac surgery patient treated with Tocilizumab: A case report of successful surgical aortic valve replacement
Authors: Toyama Masashi , Nakayama Masato , Uemura Tomonari , Kurahashi Shingo , Sato Bunmei 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Interleukin (IL)-6 is associated with wound healing and infection response. Tocilizumab (TCZ) is a monoclonal antibody against the IL-6 receptor, interfering with its signalling pathway. However, reports on patients treated with TCZ undergoing cardiac surgery are limited.

Case Summary
A 73-year-old man with Castleman disease, treated with TCZ, underwent surgical aortic valve replacement via median sternotomy for aortic valve regurgitation with exertional shortness of breath. Comprehensive measures for preventing surgical site infection along with close examination were implemented during the perioperative period. TCZ was discontinued 26 days before surgery and resumed 30 days after surgery, during which plasma IL-6 levels decreased. There was no evidence of infection or exacerbation of Castleman disease. Vascular endothelial growth factor levels increased before an increase in C-reactive protein levels following hospital discharge and prior to TCZ resumption.

Discussion
Meticulous perioperative management with a multidisciplinary approach is crucial during the cessation of TCZ for cardiac surgery. Changes in vascular endothelial growth factor levels may serve as an early predictor of underlying disease exacerbation after TCZ cessation for surgery.
Development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease after a tuberculosis episode in a large, population-based cohort from Eastern China
Authors: Wang Jianbing , Yu Luhua , Yang Zongming , Shen Peng , Sun Yexiang , Shui Liming , Tang Mengling , Jin Mingjuan , Chen Bin , Ge Yang , Lin Hongbo , Shen Ye , Chen Kun , Martinez Leonardo 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Although smoking is considered the primary cause of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), there is a growing realization that there may be important secondary risk factors. Tuberculosis may lead to lung impairment; however, whether residual lung damage results in clinically significant, long-term outcomes, independent of smoking, has not been well studied. We aimed to investigate the association between tuberculosis and the subsequent development of COPD using a large, population-based cohort study.

Methods
We conducted a longitudinal cohort study within the Chinese Electronic Health Records Research in Yinzhou study between 2009 and 2021. We followed participants free of COPD at the beginning of the study, and investigated whether previous or current tuberculosis was an important risk factor. Tuberculosis was recorded based on the Chinese National Disease Reporting system which includes all diagnosed cases at the city, provincial and national levels. We assessed the relationship between tuberculosis and COPD using multivariable survival models, adjusting for demographic and lifestyle characteristics, education level, comorbidities and use of medications.

Results
Among 477 046 participants, 198 882 were eligible for inclusion in our analysis. In a multivariable model, pulmonary tuberculosis and all tuberculosis were associated with a 2.57-fold [95% confidence interval (CI), 2.31–2.87)] and 1.67-fold (95% CI, 1.48–1.90) increased COPD risk, respectively. Stronger associations of pulmonary tuberculosis and all tuberculosis with COPD were seen in participants who were elderly, or with lower body mass index or education level (Pinteraction&lt;0.001). People with tuberculosis were at an increased risk of COPD if they were current smokers [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR), 1.40; 95% CI, 1.02–1.93] or non-smokers (aHR, 1.72; 95% CI, 1.50–1.98).

Conclusions
Persons who developed tuberculosis were at much greater risk of developing COPD, even accounting for smoking and other potential confounders.
Mechanical analysis and model test of large-scale highway billboard under wind load
Authors: Liu Minghui , Wu Zhuojia 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study analyzes the mechanical behavior of large-scale highway billboards under lateral wind loads using finite element analysis and model testing. It emphasizes the importance of improving the torsion resistance of billboard structures to mitigate potential failures during high wind conditions. The research identifies the most critical wind load directions across three scenarios and examines the relationship between structural stiffness, mass distribution, and failure modes. The findings offer valuable insights for optimizing the design of highway billboards, particularly in enhancing their wind resistance. These results serve as a reference for engineering designs.
Lung Immune Challenge Study Protocol: Controlled Exposure to Inhaled Resiquimod (R848) to Study Mechanisms of Inflammation
Authors: Jha Akhilesh , Fisk Marie , Forrester Jamie , Galloway Jacqui , Joseph Jade , Staples Robyn , Sylvester Karl P 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study aims to develop a human lung immune challenge model using inhaled Resiquimod (R848), a Toll-like receptor (TLR)7/8 agonist, to investigate inflammatory mechanisms involved in the human respiratory mucosa in health and disease. This approach seeks to induce innate immune anti-viral responses in the lungs and blood, with a suitable dose of inhaled R848 that is clinically tolerable. The study will include healthy volunteers and individuals with asthma. The primary outcome is a change in CXCL10, a biomarker representative of anti-viral responses, at 24 hours post-exposure. Secondary outcomes include changes in lung function, physiological parameters, and inflammatory markers, including C-reactive protein (CRP) and eosinophil counts.
This trial involves a single ascending dose, randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled design. Participants will receive R848 via nebulization in escalating doses from 0.1 to 100 µg/mL, or saline placebo. Safety assessments include spirometry, vital signs, and blood samples to monitor systemic and lung-specific immune responses. The study will contribute to understanding immune pathways in asthma and provide a platform for testing novel anti-inflammatory therapeutics. The protocol has been approved by relevant ethics committees and will be disseminated via peer-reviewed publications and open-access data repositories.
Impact of sleep deprivation on monocyte subclasses and function
Authors: Al-Rashed Fatema , Alsaeed Halemah , Akhter Nadeem , Alabduljader Haya , Al-Mulla Fahd , Ahmad Rasheed 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The relationship between sleep deprivation, obesity, and systemic inflammation is a critical area of investigation due to its significant impact on health. While it is established that poor sleep adversely affects obesity and metabolic syndromes, the specific mechanisms, particularly subclinical inflammation independent of obesity, remain unclear. This study investigates how sleep quality influences monocyte subclass distribution and its association with systemic inflammation across a spectrum of body mass index categories. In our cohort study, 237 healthy participants were categorized by body mass index. Participants' dietary intake, physical activity, and sleep patterns were objectively tracked through wearable ActiGraph GT3X accelerometer. The data showed that obese individuals had significantly lower sleep quality and higher chronic low-grade inflammation. Nonclassical monocytes increased significantly in obesity, correlating with reduced sleep quality and elevated proinflammatory cytokines. Although body mass index emerged as a significant factor in driving inflammation, mediation analyses further defined that sleep disruption independently contributes to inflammation, regardless of obesity status. Controlled sleep deprivation experiments confirmed these findings, demonstrating reversible increases in nonclassical monocytes expression. This study highlights the importance of sleep quality in regulating immune responses and inflammation in obesity, suggesting that improving sleep quality could reduce inflammation and improve health outcomes.
UFL1 promotes survival and function of virtual memory CD8 T cells
Authors: Bhatt Brinda , Kumar Kunal , Shi Huidong , Ganesan Dhasarathan , Anazodo Francis , Rathakrishnan Aravind , Zhu Huabin , Wanna Andrew , Jiang Chen , Jayavelu Tamilselvan , Lokeshwar Vinata Bal , Pacholczyk Rafal , Munn David H , Sheridan Brian S , Moskophidis Demetrius , Li Honglin , Singh Nagendra 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In naïve mice, a fraction of CD8 T cells displaying high affinity for self-MHC peptide complexes develop into virtual memory T (TVM) cells. Due to self-reactivity, TVM cells are exposed to persistent antigenic stimulation, a condition known to induce T cell exhaustion. However, TVM cells do not exhibit characteristics similar to exhausted CD8 T (TEX) cells. Here, we tested the role of the UFL1, E3 ligase of the ufmylation pathway in TVM cells. We show that UFL1 prevents the acquisition of epigenetic, transcriptional, and phenotypic changes in TVM cells that are similar to TEX cells and thus promote their survival and function. UFL1-deficient TVM cells failed to protect mice against Listeria infection. Epigenetic analysis showed higher BATF activity in UFL1-deficient TVM cells. Deletion of BATF and not PD1 decreased inhibitory molecules expression and restored the survival and function of UFL1-deficient TVM cells. Our findings demonstrate a key role of UFL1 in inhibiting the exhaustion of TVM cells and promoting their survival and function.
Design and analysis considerations for investigating patient subgroups of interest within cancer clinical trials
Authors: Mazza Gina L , Culakova Eva , Enserro Danielle M , Dignam James J , Unger Joseph M 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Examining treatment effects in subgroups of patients defined by demographic, genetic, or clinical characteristics is increasingly of interest given the pursuit of personalized medicine and the importance of representation and equity in treatment decisions. The magnitude or even the direction of the treatment effect may vary across subgroups, and these differential treatment effects could have clinical implications. Subgroup analyses require caution in their interpretation, however, because of the high probability of a false-positive or false-negative conclusion. We outline study design and analysis considerations for responsibly investigating and reporting differential treatment effects across subgroups in oncology trials, with examples from the National Cancer Institute’s National Clinical Trials Network and Community Oncology Research Program. Recommendations include ensuring appropriate representation of patients from subgroups of interest, recognizing power and multiplicity limitations, and treating exploratory subgroup analyses as hypothesis generating rather than practice changing.
When to adjust for multiplicity in cancer clinical trials
Authors: Unger Joseph M , Mazza Gina L , Elsaid Mohamed I , Duan Fenhai , Dressler Emily V , Snavely Anna C , Enserro Danielle M , Pugh Stephanie L 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Interpreting cancer clinical trial results often depends on addressing issues of multiplicity. When testing multiple hypotheses, unreliable findings can occur by chance due to the inflation of the type I error rate, the probability of mistakenly rejecting the null hypothesis when the null hypothesis is true. In this setting, researchers may often set the type I error rate (or the alpha level) low to limit false positive findings and the interpretation of a causal relationship where none exists. Conversely, overly conservative type I error control may result in declaring findings, that do not meet multiplicity-adjusted alpha levels, as false when they are actually true, reducing opportunities for new discovery. This presentation focuses on multiplicity adjustment in the context of clinical trials conducted within the NCI’s Community Oncology Research Program (NCORP). Because federally sponsored trials often require long-term participation from patients and represent a substantial investment by taxpayers, striking the right balance between optimizing what is learned from these trials, while avoiding false positive results, should be a priority.
Multicultural Education for Transnational Democratic Citizenship
Authors: Culp Julian 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
On Will Kymlicka’s conception of multicultural citizenship, group membership enables personal autonomy by way of providing individuals with meaningful options. Many educational and political theorists have employed Kymlicka’s argument to defend a multicultural education as proper preparation for democratic citizenship in socially diverse liberal societies. Multicultural education includes the study of a variety of cultures and is meant to promote the development of a cultural identity, inter-cultural empathy and tolerance, and the cross-cultural construction of shared positions. Recently, however, Elizabeth Anderson has challenged multicultural citizenship and education on the grounds that they lead to the formation of group-specific biases, stereotypes, and inequalities in cultural and social capital. Therefore, she proposes an integrationist conception of citizenship education that requires citizens from different groups to collaborate within educational and public contexts. This article takes issue with the nationalist framing of this debate and Anderson’s integrationist conception because they neglect how large-scale social transformations like economic globalization and global governance have generated the need for transnationalizing democracy and democratic citizenship. Adopting a transnational perspective, this article ascribes an important role to multicultural education for learning the attitudes, knowledge, and skills that empower citizens to exercise democratic control both across and beyond national borders. The article emphasizes how the formation of intercultural empathy through multicultural education facilitates engagement in transnational social movements and political discourses. Finally, the article responds to objections concerning the lack of feasibility, cosmopolitan bias, and counter-productiveness of multicultural education and transnational democratic citizenship.
Adaptive experiments toward learning treatment effect heterogeneity
Authors: Wei Waverly , Ma Xinwei , Wang Jingshen 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Understanding treatment effect heterogeneity has become an increasingly popular task in various fields, as it helps design personalized advertisements in e-commerce or targeted treatment in biomedical studies. However, most of the existing work in this research area focused on either analysing observational data based on strong causal assumptions or conducting post hoc analyses of randomized controlled trial data, and there has been limited effort dedicated to the design of randomized experiments specifically for uncovering treatment effect heterogeneity. In the manuscript, we develop a framework for designing and analysing response adaptive experiments toward better learning treatment effect heterogeneity. Concretely, we provide response adaptive experimental design frameworks that sequentially revise the data collection mechanism according to the accrued evidence during the experiment. Such design strategies allow for the identification of subgroups with the largest treatment effects with enhanced statistical efficiency. The proposed frameworks not only unify adaptive enrichment designs and response-adaptive randomization designs but also complement A/B test designs in e-commerce and randomized trial designs in clinical settings. We demonstrate the merit of our design with theoretical justifications and in simulation studies with synthetic e-commerce and clinical trial data.
Peroxisomal dependent signalling and dynamics modulate plant stress responses: reactive oxygen and nitrogen species as key molecules
Authors: Molina-Moya E , Rodríguez-González A , Peláez-Vico M A , Sandalio Luisa M , Romero-Puertas María C 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Plant peroxisomes are organelles housing different key metabolic pathways in the cell such as photorespiration and fatty acid β-oxidation. The metabolism of phytohormones, polyamines and other key signalling molecules such as reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS) are housed in these organelles. The presence of a complex antioxidant system that may regulate ROS/RNS level makes peroxisomes a key organelle governing its dependent signalling. The evolution of -omics technologies and the existence of mutants with specifically altered ROS metabolism in peroxisomes, have provided us with a large amount of data and genes that could be regulated in plant responses to stress. All these data point to the existence of a specific transcriptomic footprint associated with peroxisomes. Furthermore, advances in microscopy and the implementation of new molecules have allowed us to visualize organelles in vivo and obtain detailed information about the dynamics of these organelles involving changes in their velocity, peroxules formation and proliferation. In this review, we update the latest information about peroxisomal metabolism and signalling, mainly related to ROS/RNS under control and stress conditions and how the different stimuli affect the plasticity and dynamic of the organelles, which can contribute in turn to plant responses to these stimuli.
Follicular development of fetal gonads under the skin of adult mice
Authors: Chen Jiyu , Liu Chang , Yu Yongqin , Ye Xiaoying , Liu Lin , Zhu Zhengmao 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Adult ovarian tissues or biopsies isolated from patients prior to chemotherapy or irradiation can reconstitute ovarian functions when transplanted either in the abdomen or subcutaneously. This approach avoids invasive surgery and potential risks associated with internal procedures. We investigated whether functional ovaries could develop subcutaneously from early E12.5 fetal gonads without entering meiosis in mouse model. Unexpectedly, the subcutaneously transplanted fetal gonads failed to undergo folliculogenesis in the recipient mice. The transplanted gonads experienced meiotic deficiency and exhibited significant defects in DNA repair and recombination, along with elevated apoptosis levels. Meiotic defects in the subcutaneous grafts were partly attributable to variations in temperature and oxygen concentration. However, completion of meiotic prophase I was effectively achieved through in vitro culture of the gonads at 37°C. Subsequently, the in vitro cultured E12.5 gonads, following subcutaneous transplantation, became competent in folliculogenesis, restoring endocrine functions. This finding may have implications for rejuvenating ovarioids from fetal gonad-like cells using pluripotent stem cell technologies, as well as for enhancing endocrine recovery and health span.
Nutritional and Psychological Support as a Multidisciplinary Coordinated Approach in the Management of Chronic Liver Disease: A Scoping Review
Authors: Romeo Mario , Dallio Marcello , Cipullo Marina , Coppola Annachiara , Mazzarella Chiara , Mammone Simone , Iadanza Giorgia , Napolitano Carmine , Vaia Paolo , Ventriglia Lorenzo , Federico Alessandro 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objectives
This review emphasizes a novel, multidisciplinary, coordinated approach in the management of chronic liver diseases (CLDs).

Background
Chronic liver diseases represent a significant global health burden, marked by a notable shift in the prevalence patterns from virus-related to metabolic and alcohol-related entities. Malnutrition, frailty, and sarcopenia exert a substantial impact on patients with cirrhosis, affecting 75%-90% of cases and escalating as the disease progresses. The European Association for the Study of the Liver recommends a comprehensive approach to nutritional care, emphasizing the need for detailed assessments in patients with cirrhosis, using diverse tools such as computed tomography scans, bioelectrical impedance analysis, and evaluations of muscle function. Considering the prevalence of nutritional and psychological disorders in the CLD population, the treatment of these patients should be founded indispensably on a multidisciplinary approach.

Methods
A systematic search was conducted of the PubMed, MEDLINE, and SCOPUS databases to identify trials investigating the health effects of nutritional and psychological assessments in patients with CLD.

Results
In dealing with the treatment of patients with CLD, an exploration of the psychological domain emerges as crucial, because psychological distress, especially depression, exerts a tangible influence on patient outcomes. Thus, the engagement of psychologists and/or psychotherapists, who might use techniques such as cognitive behavioral therapy, could enhance patients' comprehension of nutritional implications in their treatment and make them more aware of their illness.

Conclusion
The review emphasizes the relevance of both nutritional and psychological assessments in patients with CLD that could improve patient education on the pivotal role of nutrition in disease management. Randomized controlled trials evaluating the combined impact of nutritional and psychological support are recommended to further investigate this complex clinical landscape.