bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transcriptional development of the hippocampus and the dorsal–intermediate–ventral axis in rats
Authors: Olsen Lene C. , Galler Meital , Witter Menno P. , Sætrom Pål , O'Reilly Kally C. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractRisk and resilience for neuropsychiatric illnesses are established during brain development, and transcriptional markers of risk may be identifiable in early development. The dorsal–ventral axis of the hippocampus has behavioral, electrophysiological, anatomical, and transcriptional gradients and abnormal hippocampus development is associated with autism, schizophrenia, epilepsy, and mood disorders. We previously showed that differential gene expression along the dorsoventral hippocampus in rats was present at birth (postnatal day 0, P0), and that a subset of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) was present at all postnatal ages examined (P0, P9, P18, and P60). Here, we extend the analysis of that gene expression data to understand the development of the hippocampus as a whole by examining DEGs that change with age. We additionally examine development of the dorsoventral axis by looking at DEGs along the axis at each age. Using both unsupervised and supervised analyses, we find that the majority of DEGs are present from P0 to P18, with many expression profiles presenting peaks or dips at P9/18. During development of the hippocampus, enriched pathways associated with learning, memory, and cognition increase with age, as do pathways associated with neurotransmission and synaptic function. Development of the dorsoventral axis is greatest at P9 and P18 and is marked by DEGs associated with metabolic functions. Our data indicate that neurodevelopmental disorders like epilepsy, schizophrenia and affective disorders are enriched with developmental DEGs in the hippocampus, regardless of dorsoventral location, with the greatest enrichment of these clinical disorders seen in genes whose expression changes from P0‐9. When comparing DEGs from the ventral and dorsal poles, the greatest number of neurodevelopmental disorders is enriched with DEGs found at P18. Taken together, the developing hippocampus undergoes substantial transcriptional maturation during early postnatal development, with expression of genes involved in neurodevelopmental disorders also showing maximal expression changes within this developmental period.
Caregiver perspectives on a water safety toolkit for child supervision
Authors: Morgan Erin R. , Sakamoto Isabell , Ardelean Alan , Diaz‐Rohena Alejandra , Falk Allison , Starnes Cara , Rivara Frederick P. , Vavilala Monica 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIssue AddressedDrowning is one of the leading causes of unintentional deaths among children and adolescents globally. Adult supervision is one method to decrease the risk of drowning among youth.MethodsWe sought to assess the acceptability of a Water Watcher toolkit among children's caregivers. The toolkit consists of a badge—to designate the adult(s) responsible for supervision during water activities—and a smartphone application. When activated, the application blocks incoming calls, text messages and other applications, for example, mobile games and social media, as well as providing a button to quickly dial 911 and information for guided cardiopulmonary resuscitation. We conducted online and in‐person semi‐structured interviews of 16 adults residing in Washington State, United States and providing supervision to a child under 18 years of age for at least 20 h per week. Interview guides were developed based on the Health Belief Model and we performed content analysis on interview transcripts using an inductive approach.ResultsWhen asked about Water Watcher tools, respondents generally reacted favourably towards the intervention, citing benefits of formally delegating a responsible party during group activities and elimination of distractions. Primary challenges to using the toolkit were social acceptability, competence with technology, and the independence of older children (i.e., those 13‐ to 17‐years‐old).ConclusionsCaregivers recognized the importance of minimizing distractions, and many liked the strategy to formally designate responsibility for child supervision during aquatic recreation.So What?Interventions such as the Water Watcher toolkit are generally considered acceptable and expanding access to these resources could reduce the burden of unintentional drownings.
Perceived quality of sleep across the menopausal transition: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Maxwell Rose A. , Reisinger‐Kindle Keith M. , Rackett Traci M. , Yaklic Jerome L. , Czerwinski Stefan A. , Lee Miryoung 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsTo compare sleep quality among naturally and surgically post‐menopausal women, and to identify lifestyle factors that predict sleep quality in pre, peri, and postmenopausal women.MethodsThis is a retrospective cohort study of data collected from 429 women who participated in Fels Longitudinal Study data. Sleep quality, based on the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, demographics, medical history, depression, quality of life, and physical activity levels were included in the analysis.ResultsThe four study groups did not differ on overall sleep quality with either scale (p = 0.61). Both Post‐M groups were more likely to have a major sleep problem than the Peri‐M and Pre‐M groups (p < 0.001), and to have a history of restless leg syndrome (p = 0.016), but the two Post‐M groups did not differ on these problems. Predictors of sleep quality included depression, bodily pain, vitality, and surgical menopause (p<0.001).ConclusionMenopause is associated with sleep disrupting conditions. This study did not find any significant differences in sleep quality among the three reproductive stages or for natural versus surgical menopause. Women may benefit from addressing other lifestyle factors associated with poor sleep quality including mental health factors.
Eosinophil: An innate immune cell with anti‐filarial vaccine and biomarker potential
Authors: Kwarteng Alexander , Mensah Caleb , Osei‐Poku Priscilla 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundFilarial infections continue to pose a great challenge in endemic countries. One of the central goals in the fight against human filarial infections is the development of strategies that will lead to the inhibition of microfilariae (mf) transmission. Keeping mf under a certain threshold within endemic populations will stop transmission and eliminate the infection.MethodA narrative review was carried out to identify the possibilities and limitations of exploring the use of eosinophil responses as an anti‐filarial vaccine, and biomarker for the detection of filarial infections. An extensive literature search was performed in online scientific databases including PubMed Central, PubMed, BioMed Central, with the use of predefined search terms.ResultsA better understanding of the parasite‐host interactions will lead to the development of improved and better treatment or vaccine strategies that could eliminate filariasis as soon as possible. Highlighted in this review is the explorative use of eosinophil‐producing CLC/Galectin‐10 as a potential biomarker for filarial infections. Also discussed are some genes, and pathways involved in eosinophil recruitments that could be explored for anti‐filarial vaccine development.ConclusionIn this short communication, we discuss how eosinophil‐regulated genes, pathways, and networks could be critical in providing more information on how reliably a front‐line immune player could be exploited for anti‐filarial vaccine development and early infection biomarker.
Thermodynamic stability analysis of non‐Fourier model‐based bio‐heat transfer in laser‐irradiated cylindrical‐shaped multilayered biological tissue
Authors: Kishore Pankaj , Kumar Sumit 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe present research focuses on examining the thermic response of living tissue in the form of a triple‐layered cylindrical structure when subjected to laser light and the compatibility analysis of non‐Fourier heat transfer with thermodynamics second law. The temperature field in the triple‐layered cylindrical living tissue subjected to laser light is determined by numerically solving the transient radiative transfer equation in conjunction with the dual phase lag (DPL) based bioheat equation. Once the temperature field is known, the equilibrium and nonequilibrium entropy production rate (EPR) is calculated based on the hypothesis of classical irreversible thermodynamics and extended irreversible thermodynamics, respectively. The present results are verified against the data from the literature and found a good match between them. A comparative analysis of the Fourier and non‐Fourier models is accomplished. The equilibrium and nonequilibrium EPR values for the Fourier model are found to be positive. While the equilibrium EPR is negative for non‐Fourier heat conduction and does not satisfy the thermodynamics second law, nonequilibrium EPR is always a positive value for Fourier, DPL, and hyperbolic models and satisfies thermodynamics second law. It has been investigated how thermal relaxation times affect the temperature field and EPRs in tissue are subjected to laser light.
Picosecond laser‐induced hybrid groove structures on Ti‐6Al‐4V bio‐alloy to accelerate osseointegration
Authors: Kedia S. , Checker R. , Sandur S. K. , Nilaya J. P. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractRegulating cell growth, extracellular matrix deposition and mineralization of artificial implants are some important parameters that decide the longevity of implants in the body. Picosecond laser‐induced hybrid groove structures have been shown to improve these properties of the Ti‐6Al‐4V bio‐alloy. Two hybrid structures containing groove patterns with periodic and non‐periodic substructures therein were generated on Ti‐6Al‐4V by varying the extent of laser pulse overlapping on sample surface. Laser‐induced alteration in surface topography, chemical composition and wettability of Ti‐6Al‐4V resulted in 3‐fold increase in the rate of hydroxyapatite growth, 2.5‐fold increment in protein adsorption and 2‐fold enhancement in cell adhesion in comparison to pristine sample. While the periodic substructure was found to guide cell growth, the nonperiodic sub structure offered homogenous growth leading to higher overall cell density on the substrate surface.
A survey of amalgam use to guide dental education curriculums
Authors: Khodayari Aynaz , Jessani Abbas , Adeniyi Abiola , Anderson Greg , Tam Laura E. , De Souza Grace M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo identify behavioral, preferential, and professional factors influencing the use of amalgam in private practices; and to compare the incidence of the placement of amalgam versus composite resin restorations in the province of Ontario and its pedagogical implications on dental curricula.MethodsParticipants responded anonymously to a 23‐question online survey about their current use of dental amalgam and composite resins as well as their opinions regarding both dental materials. The explanatory variables were associated bivariately with the outcome variables, and the most significant predictors were identified using the multivariate analysis.ResultsHigher percentages of amalgam use were reported among clinicians who trained in Canada only (P = .009), who graduated before 1980 (p = <.001) and who work outside private practice (p = <.001). Familiarity with amalgam was higher among clinicians who are female (p = <.001), older (p = <.001), trained only in Canada (p = .017), who graduated prior to 2000 (p = <.001), and who work in locations with populations over 100,000 (p = .042). Familiarity with composite resin was higher among clinicians who graduated more recently (p = .002). A higher percentage of females (p = <.001), younger clinicians (p = <.001), recent graduates (p = <.001), and clinicians who work in private practice (p = .043) suggested that over 50% of dental student training time be allocated to amalgam.ConclusionsDecreased amalgam use was reported by later dental graduates and private practitioners; this may be impacted by familiarity with dental amalgam. As amalgam remains a safe and effective dental material, its removal may not be prudent. Dental educators play a crucial role in the future of amalgam opinion and use.
Investigation of some new main group metal complexes of hydrazine and 2‐mercaptopyridine‐3‐carboxylic acid mixed–ligands
Authors: Kumar K. , Murugesan S. , Muneeswaran T. , Ramakritinan C. M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSynthesis of some new coordination complexes of main group metals (Ba, Ca, Mg, Sr, and Pb) with 2‐mercaptopyridine‐3‐carboxylic acid (H2Mpc) and hydrazine mixed ligands and their characterization through various chemical and spectral analyses are described in this article. With the help of analytical data obtained from mass, elemental (CHNS), hydrazine content, and metal content analysis, the molecular formulae of the complexes have been proposed as [Ba(N2H4)2(HMpc)H2O], [Ca(N2H4)2(HMpc)(H2O)2], [Sr(N2H4)(HMpc)(H2O)3], [Mg(N2H4)4(HMpc)].4H2O and [Pb(N2H4)5(HMpc)2]. The vibrational (FT‐IR and Raman) spectral data exposes that the 2‐mercaptopyridine‐3‐carboxylic acid coordinates with metal ion via both carboxylate‐O and thiolate‐S in the mode of bi‐dentate dianion while the hydrazine acts as bridging bi‐dentate. On thermal decomposition, these complexes dehydrate to give metal 2‐mercaptopyridine‐3‐carboxylate intermediates, which on further decomposition (heating upto 750°C) give the metal carbonates in the cases of Ba, Ca and Sr, and metal oxides for Mg and Pb. The in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activity of the ligand and its complexes are studied against five bacteria (Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus vulgaris, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli) and four fungi (Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus fumigatus, and Penicilium variance).
Palaeoenvironmental history of the Middle Pleistocene deposits at Gilson, Warwickshire, England: part of the High Speed Two railway route alignment
Authors: Gibson Sebastian M. , Field Michael H. , Gibbard Philip L. 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACTThe investigation of a hillside at Gilson (Lat. 52.510341, Long. ‐1.718313), southwest of Coleshill, Warwickshire (within the High Speed Two railway ‘Delta Junction’ compound), England, has yielded evidence of sedimentation during a temperate stage. The site's stratigraphy starts with the aggregation of cold‐climate sand and gravels deposited during the Anglian Stage within the proto‐Tame and proto‐Blythe palaeovalleys. A warm‐climate period is recorded by the infill of organic material representing the second half of the Hoxnian interglacial Stage. Picea, Abies and Pinus dominate vegetation within a swamp‐like environment, before a Pinus forest develops in the upper part of the organic sequence. The following cold‐climate period saw incision and aggregation of the surrounding region throughout much of the Wolstonian and Devensian Stages, where much of the overlying silt, sand and gravel were reworked under intense periglacial conditions. Presented here is a geophysical examination of the shallow basin by ground‐penetrating radar undertaken to understand the spatial distribution and stratigraphical history of the basin. The deposits at Gilson provide a valuable stratigraphic marker in the glacial sequence of the English West Midlands and are correlated to similar deposits at neighbouring Quinton and Nechells. At these regional sites organic accumulation occurred for most of the temperate stage, infilling lake basins. These sequences indicate an environment dominated by pollen of Abies, Quercus, Ulmus and Corylus woodland vegetation. These assemblages differ markedly from those typically found in the last interglacial and confirm correlation to the Middle Pleistocene Hoxnian interglacial Stage (c. MIS 11c).
Denoising Raman spectra using a single layer convolutional model trained on simulated data
Authors: Gil Eddie M. , Cheburkanov Vsevolod , Yakovlev Vladislav V. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractRaman spectroscopy is a powerful means of revealing chemical and structural information about a sample and acquiring chemically specific images. Such images often suffer from low signal to noise ratios (SNR). In this report, a novel way to improve the SNR using machine learning tools based on simulated data. The proposed approach offers an alternative to time consuming acquisition and labeling of large data sets and can be readily applied to unknown systems. Here, the efficacy of a single layer denoising network trained only on simulated data was evaluated, and it was found that the proposed model was able to provide a substantial improvement in SNR.
Reworking Classification of First Branchial Cleft Anomalies
Authors: Wilson John , Jaju Alok , Wadhwani Nitin , Gorelik Michael , Johnston Douglas , Rastatter Jeffrey , Bhushan Bharat , Hazkani Inbal , Fudyma Iga , Maddalozzo John 
Published: June 2023

ObjectivesTo evaluate the clinical features of first branchial cleft anomalies (BCAs) and their relationship to pre‐operative imaging, pathologic data, and post‐operative surveillance outcomes. Additional aims were to assess the validity of the Work classification and describe features of recurrent cysts.MethodsRecords for 56 children (34 females, 22 males; age at surgery of 5.6 ± 4.4 years) collected over a 12‐year period (2009–2021) were reviewed. Imaging and pathologic slides were re‐reviewed in a blinded fashion by experts in those respective areas. Parents were contacted via telephone to obtain extended follow‐up. An alternate classification method based on the presence (type II) or absence (type I) of parotid involvement is provided.ResultsOnly 55% of first BCAs could be successfully classified using Work's method. First BCAs within the parotid were more likely to present with recurrent infections, involve scarred tissue planes and lymphadenopathy, and demonstrate enlarged lymphoid follicles on pathology. The overall recurrence rate was 16%, and recurrence was 5.3 times more likely when external auditory canal cartilage was not resected. Preoperative imaging was useful for predicting the extent of surgery required and the presence of scarred tissue planes.ConclusionFirst BCAs within the parotid gland involve more difficult and extensive surgical resection and the potential for morbidity related to facial nerve dissection. Appropriately aggressive surgical resection, which may include the resection of involved ear cartilage, is necessary to prevent morbidity related to recurrence.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 134:459–465, 2024
Treatment of buccal mucosal carcinomas: A survey amongst head and neck surgeons in the Netherlands
Authors: Adriaansens Carleen M. E. M. , Noorlag Rob , de Bree Remco , van Es Robert J. J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveCurrently, there is no up‐to‐date guideline for the treatment of buccal mucosal squamous cell carcinoma (BMSCC) in the Netherlands. A questionnaire was used to investigate the opinions of Dutch head and neck surgeons on BMSCC of the cheek treatment.MethodsA questionnaire was sent to all 91 head and neck surgeons in the Netherlands. Their opinions on surgical tumor‐free margins, through‐and‐through defects, and indications for local adjuvant therapy were questioned.ResultsThe response rate was 51%. To prevent a through‐and‐through defect, 67% of the surgeons would accept a deep clinical (macroscopic) margin of ≤5 mm. The less adverse histological characteristics a tumor has, the less consensus there is amongst the surgeons for local adjuvant treatment in case of close margins.ConclusionThere is no consensus amongst Dutch head and neck surgeons about the optimal treatment for BMSCC of the cheek. There are different opinions on acceptable resection margins, indications for a through‐and‐through defect, and indications for adjuvant treatment. BMSCC of the cheek treatment should be more uniform and less surgeon dependent.Level of evidenceN/A
3D‐printed degradable hydroxyapatite bioactive ceramics for skull regeneration
Authors: Gui Xingyu , Zhang Boqing , Su Zixuan , Zhou Zhigang , Dong Zhihong , Feng Pin , Fan Chen , Liu Ming , Kong Qingquan , Zhou Changchun , Fan Yujiang , Zhang Xingdong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHydroxyapatite (HA) bioceramics have been extensively employed as bone tissue scaffolds owing to their biodegradability and osteoinductivity. In our work, HA, a significant component of natural bone tissue used as the raw material to produce porous scaffolds employing three‐dimensional (3D)‐printing technology. Physical and chemical properties, porosity, and compression resistance of the scaffolds were investigated in vitro. The scaffold was confirmed to have a large number of interconnected pore structures on the surface and inside HA scaffolds showed good cell compatibility and cell adhesion in cell text. To analyze the effect of the scaffold on bone repair and regeneration in vivo, the large‐size defect of beagle skull was repaired with a 3D printing group and an autologous bone group (ABG) for 8 months. Images and histological analysis of the 3D printing group indicated better integration with adjacent tissues. However, there were obvious gaps in the ABG, which indicates weak bone regeneration ability of this group due to unmatched implant dimension. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence results showed that 3D‐printed scaffolds had a highly vascularized structure. This study indicates that 3D‐printed bioceramics scaffolds that are osteoinductivity and biodegradable have great potential in maxillofacial bone regeneration.
Movement Disorders in PURA Syndrome: A Video Case Series
Authors: Crippa Ana C.S. , Bacheladenski Eli Paula , Rodrigues Danielle C.B. , Ferreira Letícia Pugim , Meira Alex T. , Franklin Gustavo L. 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACTBackgroundPURA syndrome is a rare genetic disorder characterized by neonatal hypotonia, neurodevelopmental delay, facial dysmorphism, epileptic seizures, complex movement disorders, among other features. Although many pathogenic variants have been reported, there is currently no clear genotype–phenotype association identified.CasesFour patients diagnosed with PURA syndrome, despite carrying different pathogenic variants, presented a similar mixed hyperkinetic movement disorder. The phenomenology presented a complex set of symptoms, including chorea, interspersed with dystonic and uncoordinated movements. All patients presented also hypotonia, nystagmus, feeding difficulties, craniofacial dysmorphisms. Hypersomnolence and breathing problems were common and observed in three patients, while seizures were found in three patients.ConclusionsPURA syndrome may be considered in the differential diagnosis of infants with severe hypotonia, feeding difficulties and severe developmental delay with epileptic seizures, that start to develop a mixed hyperkinetic movement disorder. These complex movements may be an important clue for the diagnosis of this rare disorder.