bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A network-based discrete choice model for decision-based design
Authors: Sha Zhenghui , Cui Yaxin , Xiao Yinshuang , Stathopoulos Amanda , Contractor Noshir , Fu Yan , Chen Wei 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Customer preference modelling has been widely used to aid engineering design decisions on the selection and configuration of design attributes. Recently, network analysis approaches, such as the exponential random graph model (ERGM), have been increasingly used in this field. While the ERGM-based approach has the new capability of modelling the effects of interactions and interdependencies (e.g., social relationships among customers) on customers’ decisions via network structures (e.g., using triangles to model peer influence), existing research can only model customers’ consideration decisions, and it cannot predict individual customer’s choices, as what the traditional utility-based discrete choice models (DCMs) do. However, the ability to make choice predictions is essential to predicting market demand, which forms the basis of decision-based design (DBD). This paper fills this gap by developing a novel ERGM-based approach for choice prediction. This is the first time that a network-based model can explicitly compute the probability of an alternative being chosen from a choice set. Using a large-scale customer-revealed choice database, this research studies the customer preferences estimated from the ERGM-based choice models with and without network structures and evaluates their predictive performance of market demand, benchmarking the multinomial logit (MNL) model, a traditional DCM. The results show that the proposed ERGM-based choice modelling achieves higher accuracy in predicting both individual choice behaviours and market share ranking than the MNL model, which is mathematically equivalent to ERGM when no network structures are included. The insights obtained from this study further extend the DBD framework by allowing explicit modelling of interactions among entities (i.e., customers and products) using network representations.
Boundary effects on ideal fluid forces and Kelvin's minimum energy theorem
Authors: McKee Kyle I. 
Published: March 2023

The electrostatic force on a charge above a neutral conductor is generally attractive. Surprisingly, that force becomes repulsive in certain geometries (Levin & Johnson, Am. J. Phys., vol. 79, issue 8, 2011, pp. 843–849), a result that follows from an energy theorem in electrostatics. Based on the analogous minimum energy theorem of Kelvin (Camb. Dublin Math. J., vol. 4, 1849, pp. 107–112), valid in the theory of ideal fluids, we show corresponding effects on steady and unsteady fluid forces in the presence of boundaries. Two main results are presented regarding the unsteady force. First, the added mass is proven to always increase in the presence of boundaries. Second, in a model of a body approaching a boundary, where the unsteady force is typically repulsive (Lamb, Hydrodynamics, 1975, § 137, University Press), we present a geometry where the force can be attractive. As for the steady force, there is one main result: in a model of a Bernoulli suction gripper, for which the steady force is typically attractive, we show that the force becomes repulsive in some geometries. Both the unsteady and steady forces are shown to reverse sign when boundaries approximate flow streamlines, at energy minima predicted by Kelvin's theorem.
European industry and civil air transport
Authors: Lecomte Pierre 
Published: March 2023

When you heard the title of my paper you were probably disappointed. Indeed, other lecturers have already discussed very similar subjects on this same occasion. To recall the most recent:I. G. Bloch in 1963: “The Aeronautical Industry in the Europe of Tomorrow”Mr. Handel Davies in 1968: “Some Thoughts about the Future of European Aeronautics”.M. Louis Giusta in 1969: “European Co-operation in the Aviation Industry and its Future Development”.On reading again these three papers, I was struck by the pertinence of most of the points which were made. In that case, one may ask, why refer to them again? The reason is that many predictions have failed to materialise and many warnings do not seem to have been sufficiently heeded.
Closed-form analysis of a class of damped systems
Authors: Kumar K. , Modi V. J. 
Published: March 2023

This note attempts to obtain an approximate solution for a class of second-order systems represented by
where the well-known procedures, such as perturbation, variation of parameters, the WKBJ analysis, etc, may prove to be inadequate. The approach is illustrated through an example related to the planar librations (satellite oscillations about its mass centre) of gravity gradient cylindrical satellites in circular orbit, subjected to the solar radiation pressure damping (Fig. 1).
The international angle
Authors: Browne Secor D. 
Published: March 2023

Transatlantic travel has entered a new era, the era of mass tourism. Low cost, newly available air charter services have made it possible. Their far-reaching benefits, economic, cultural, and educational, are now widely recognised and enjoyed on both sides of the Atlantic.For more and more people lower travel costs are awakening a latent demand. For those who have tasted the benefits of low cost travel there can be no turning back. Low cost charter availability is taking on the character of a right which governments are increasingly being expected to protect and promote.
The management of the MRCA
Authors: Stewart W. 
Published: March 2023

It is an honour and privilege to present this further memorial tribute to those early pioneers in the aeronautical world, William Samuel Henson and John Stringfellow. It is a very long way from their pioneering achievements in the aeronautical field and their model flying activities of the 1840s to the subject of the management of the MRCA project, an international collaborative development of an advanced technology aircraft. However, it is not devoid of associations. The fact that the Memorial Lecture is dedicated to Henson and Stringfellow is in itself a recognition of collaborative venture in aeronautics. The First Memorial Lecture was also a unique occasion in the collaboration in its preparation between the current secretary and the past secretary of the Royal Aeronautical Society.I would like to take one quotation from the First Memorial Lecture'11, where it is recorded that String-fellow wrote to Henson on 25th July 1845 as follows:“I received two notes from Marriott: in the one received this morning there was a proposition which I give you under and to which I believe Columbine is agreeable, that is to divide the patent interests into 12 as follows, Henson 4/12, Columbine 4/12, Marriott 2/12, String-fellow 2/12—this Marriott thinks equable and just.
Space shuttle and post Apollo
Authors: Farrar D. J. 
Published: March 2023

In the 18th Mitchell Memorial Lecture given to the Southampton Branch of the Society on 3rd February 1971, Val Cleaver discussed the outlook for astronautics after Apollo.In the light of participation in the rapidly evolving programme since that date, I shall discuss, in this lecture, the history of the Apollo project, its relation to the evolving objectives of the NASA space programme as a whole, the origins of ideas which led to the post Apollo system, the history of negotiations between the Americans and Europe on European participation in the programme, the current studies, and factors underlying possible European involvement.The first American satellite weighed 30 lb and was launched in 1958. Since then the Americans have launched several million pounds of payload into low earth orbit and, in the Apollo programme, individual payloads into low earth orbit have a weight of 300 000 lb. NASA astronauts have spent more than 6000 hrs in space, safely flying more than 100 million miles. Eighteen American astronauts have orbited the moon, eight have left their footprints on the lunar surface.
Wire Saving Techniques
Authors: Wakefield G. 
Published: March 2023

On 22nd October, 1969, a joint meeting was held between The Royal Aeronautical Society and the Institution of Electrical Engineers, at 4 Hamilton Place, London, W.l. The subject under discussion was methods for reducing the large numbers of wires used in present day aircraft.Mr. Ruy de Barras—Sabena Airline, read a paper on new wiring techniques using flat strip wires. The paper was awe inspiringly entitled “System of Interface Matrix of Parallel Lines” (SIMPL), although the technique proved to be most simple.
Aircraft Maintenance
Authors: Norberg J. W. 
Published: March 2023

The aircraft maintenance function is a vital element of airline operations. The achievement and sustaining of the airworthiness standard throughout the life of an aircraft is its prime concern and responsibility. There are many approaches one may take in describing the maintenance function, no one of which is complete in itself, but when considered collectively as a reference framework, can provide a comprehensive insight into the rather complex and dynamic process involved.The generally steadily rising costs of labour and material, together with lagging or level fare structures, are demanding even greater gains in productivity and utilisation of resources to maintain profit margins and adequate returns on investments. The productivity gains made possible by introduction of jet aircraft are being exhausted and new ways must be found to achieve lower operating costs. At the outset I think it might be reasonable to ask ourselves the simple question “Why aircraft maintenance?” From an airline corporate or operating viewpoint it certainly conflicts with the objectives of attaining low operating costs, low material inventory levels, high utilisation of aircraft. I have stated on several occasions that “we are the trouble department—and when we have no trouble we are really in trouble”.
Aviation Products Liability—A Technical Viewpoint
Authors: Hunter Alan B. 
Published: March 2023

The modern jet transport has established an excellent safety record of which the industry can justly be proud, but with the airlines soon to be flying something of the order of a million hours per month, the potential exposure to accident in the years ahead is considerable.The first 50M hours of jet flight took 12 years to achieve and—excluding the wanton destruction of aircraft in the Middle East—involved the loss of 132 aircraft and the deaths of 3800 passengers, or an average of aircraft and 76 passengers per million hours. Isolation of the past three years of this record to detect the later trend reveals an improvement to an average of 2 aircraft and 51 passengers per million hours. Given no further improvement this would soon become the average monthly rate of loss, but because of the uncertainty as to the passenger load factor in any particular accident, consideration must now be given to the realistic possibility of losing at least 20 aircraft and perhaps 1000 or more passengers in any one year. Given the validity of this concept, then over the next five years whatever dollar figure is chosen to represent the financial problem involved, the first digit is likely to be followed by nine noughts!
Factors affecting host plant selection in alfalfa aphids
Authors: Radonjić Andja , Jovičić Ivana , Lalićević Ivana , Petrović-Obradović Olivera 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAlfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) hosts several species of aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris), Aphis craccivora Koch and Therioaphis trifolii (Monell). The preference of the aphids of alfalfa plants for dense assemblies or individual plants, as well as for healthy or infested plants, was investigated in the field as in the laboratory. Years of field research have revealed the specific preferences of all three species of aphid. A. pisum and T. trifolii are most commonly found in alfalfa crops, while A. craccivora is mostly found on alfalfa weeds. Also, a single species of aphid alone is usually present on a plant. In order to determine the reason for this clear preference and to establish whether at the very beginning, i.e. at the stage of choosing a host, aphid species distance themselves from each other, we tested the effect of the volatiles of healthy and infested plants on their attractiveness to aphids. A. craccivora is repelled by the volatiles of dense crops and plants previously infested with one of the other two species. A. pisum and T. trifolii choose a dense assembly of plants, repelled by the volatiles of plants previously infested with A. craccivora. A. pisum displays the weakest competitive traits, and A. craccivora the strongest. This research showed that competition between aphid species does not occur only when they find themselves on the same plant at the same time, fighting for resources, but also in the choice of plant, in order to avoid later competition.
What Are the Most Effective Proxies in Identifying Storm‐Surge Deposits in Paleotempestology? A Quantitative Evaluation From the Sand‐Limited, Peat‐Dominated Environment of the Florida Coastal Everglades
Authors: Yao Qiang , Liu Kam‐biu , Zhang Zhenqing , Rodrigues Erika , Cohen Marcelo , Maiti Kanchan , Yang Yang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAlthough many studies have attempted to reconstruct millennial‐scale hurricane patterns using various proxy‐based methods, it is still unclear what the most effective proxies are to identify storm surge deposits in different environmental settings. This study quantitatively compares the application of grain‐size, loss‐on‐ignition, stable isotopes, X‐ray fluorescence, and palynological proxies in paleotempestology from an organic‐rich environment in the Florida Everglades. The nonparametric tests indicate that only 9 among the 27 parameters (mean diameter, %water, %organic, %carbonate, Ca, Sr, Ca/Ti, Cl/Br, and marine microfossils) exhibited significant differences between storm‐surge and in situ deposits. The principal component analysis shows that five marine indicators (Sr, Ca, Ca/Ti, %Carbonate, and Marine microfossils) have the closest association with the allochthonous samples, while Cl/Br and Mz are the most sensitive proxies in low‐ and high‐energy environments, respectively. Moreover, organic geochemical proxies (e.g., δ13C and δ15N of bulk sedimentary organic matter) are ineffective for identifying storm‐surge deposits in organic‐rich mangrove environments.
The Effect of Shear Displacement and Wear on Fault Stability: Laboratory Constraints
Authors: Noël Corentin , Giorgetti Carolina , Scuderi Marco M. , Collettini Cristiano , Marone Chris 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFaults are composed of a damage zone and a fault core with wear material that has accumulated during sliding. Fault zone width and structural complexity have been suggested as key factors that dictate the stability of fault slip and the transition from stable to unstable motion. Here we address the role of fault rock wear rate and the presence of gouge on the stability of frictional sliding. We performed biaxial shear experiments on quartz‐rich bare rock surfaces having different resistances to abrasion (i.e., wear production with slip), as well as simulated quartz gouge. To characterize the influence of shear displacement on fault stability, constant velocity and velocity step experiments were performed to displacements up to 30 mm. Mechanical data are analyzed within the rate‐and‐state framework, and integrated with post‐mortem microscopic analyses of the samples. For initially bare surfaces a shear displacement threshold is required to transition from stable to unstable sliding. Stick‐slip events (laboratory earthquakes) evolve systematically as a function of fault slip. Shear displacement has a clear effect on the rate‐and‐state parameters (a‐b) and Dc. For all our tests, (a‐b) decreases with increasing shear displacement, implying enhanced velocity weakening and potential unstable behavior for larger fault slip. For high wear rates and simulated gouge, Dc decreases with increasing slip. However, for low wear rate faults, changes in Dc are negligible. Our results demonstrate that, fault stability varies systematically with fault slip and in particular that shear displacement and strain localization are dominant parameters controlling fault stability.
Assessment of increased knowledge about traffic accidents prevention, one month after a presentation included in the program “it can happen to you” of AESLEME
Authors: Cogollos-Paja Mar , García-Reneses Juan Angel , Herruzo Rafael 
Published: March 2023

Abstract:
Road traffic accidents are a real pandemic and incur expenses amounting to 1–2% of every country’s GDP. AESLEME (Association for the Study of Spinal Cord Injuries) has celebrated its 30th anniversary here in Spain. AESLEME’s instructors are health workers and people with spinal cord injuries caused by road accidents: their presentations—teaching road safety and sharing information on irreversible injuries—are enhanced by personal stories that help schoolchildren to acquire knowledge on this matter.

Study design
Pre and post-quasi-experimental study.

Objective
To assess the increase in knowledge about road safety following a school-based road safety campaign.

Methods
Two multiple-choice tests were given to each of the 8106 students taking part, who were 12–14 years old. Of the four possible answers, only one of them was correct. The first multiple-choice test was taken before the presentation and the second was taken one month later.

Results
After assessing the answers, there was a change in the tendency of the number of correct before/after answers for the multiple-choice test, and the number of correct ones rose one month after the presentation. This increase is statistically significant (p < 0.01) and represents a national increase of 61% in the probability of correct answers, although this varies from 8% to 278% depending on the region.

Conclusions
The assessment, involving over 8000 people, showed that there has been an improvement in road safety knowledge thanks to education provided by AESLEME’s instructors, and a statistically significant increase was obtained throughout Spain and different regions.
Isolation of phages infecting the abundant freshwater Actinobacteriota order ‘Ca. Nanopelagicales’
Authors: Kavagutti Vinicius S , Chiriac Maria-Cecilia , Ghai Rohit , Salcher Michaela M , Haber Markus 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Low-GC Actinobacteriota of the order ‘Ca. Nanopelagicales’ (also known as acI or hgcI clade) are abundant in freshwaters around the globe. Extensive predation pressure by phages has been assumed to be the reason for their high levels of microdiversity. So far, however, only a few metagenome-assembled phages have been proposed to infect them and no phages have been isolated. Taking advantage of recent advances in the cultivation of ‘Ca. Nanopelagicales’ we isolated a novel species of its genus ‘Ca. Planktophila’. Using this isolate as bait, we cultivated the first two phages infecting this abundant bacterial order. Both genomes contained a whiB-like transcription factor and a RNA polymerase sigma-70 factor, which might aid in manipulating their host’s metabolism. Both phages encoded a glycosyltransferase and one an anti-restriction protein, potential means to evade degradation of their DNA by nucleases present in the host genome. The two phage genomes shared only 6% of their genome with their closest relatives, with whom they form a previously uncultured family of actinophages within the Caudoviricetes. Read recruitment analyses against globally distributed metagenomes revealed the endemic distribution of this group of phages infecting ‘Ca. Nanopelagicales’. The recruitment pattern against metagenomes from the isolation site and the modular distribution of shared genes between the two phages indicate high levels of horizontal gene transfer, likely mirroring the microdiversity of their host in the evolutionary arms race between host and phage.
Food hypersensitivity: an examination of factors influencing symptoms and temporal changes in the prevalence of sensitization in an adult sample
Authors: Lam Holly C. Y. , Neukirch Catherine , Janson Christer , Garcia-Aymerich Judith , Clausen Michael , Idrose N. Sabrina , Demoly Pascal , Bertelsen Randi J. , Ruiz Lidia C. , Raherison Chantal , Jarvis Deborah L. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackground/ObjectivesFood hypersensitivity (FHS) is common, but little is known about the factors associated with severe reactions, age of onset and whether sensitization persists. This study examines the factors associated with self-reported severe food reactions, onset age and the changes in prevalence of sensitization to foods over time in an adult sample.Subjects/MethodsWe used data from adults taking part in the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS) III (2010–2014) who provided information on food hypersensitivity, including symptoms, suspected culprit food and onset age (n = 4865). A subsample from six countries had serum food-specific IgE tested for 25 core foods and also in 10 years earlier (ECRHS II). We applied logistic regression and McNemar’s test for analyses.ResultsThe prevalence of self-reported FHS was 13.5% at ECRHS III. Of those providing information on symptoms (n = 611), 26.4% reported severe reactions. About 80% of 1033 reported food-specific reactions (reported by 596 participants) began after age 15. History of asthma (odds ratio OR 2.12 95% confidence interval CI 1.13–3.44) and a younger age of onset of FHS (OR 1.02, 95% CI 1.01–1.03, per year) were associated with higher risks of a lifetime experience of severe food reactions. In the subsample with IgE tested in both surveys (n = 1612), the overall prevalence of sensitization to foods did not change over 10 years.ConclusionOur findings support previous observations of more severe food reactions in people with asthma and that most FHS reported by this sample started after age 15. We found no evidence of changes in the prevalence of sensitization to food in adults followed for 10 years.
Monocyte-derived macrophages contain persistent latent HIV reservoirs
Authors: Veenhuis Rebecca T. , Abreu Celina M. , Costa Pedro A. G. , Ferreira Edna A. , Ratliff Janaysha , Pohlenz Lily , Shirk Erin N. , Rubin Leah H. , Blankson Joel N. , Gama Lucio , Clements Janice E. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe development of persistent cellular reservoirs of latent human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a critical obstacle to viral eradication since viral rebound takes place once anti-retroviral therapy (ART) is interrupted. Previous studies show that HIV persists in myeloid cells (monocytes and macrophages) in blood and tissues in virologically suppressed people with HIV (vsPWH). However, how myeloid cells contribute to the size of the HIV reservoir and what impact they have on rebound after treatment interruption remain unclear. Here we report the development of a human monocyte-derived macrophage quantitative viral outgrowth assay (MDM-QVOA) and highly sensitive T cell detection assays to confirm purity. We assess the frequency of latent HIV in monocytes using this assay in a longitudinal cohort of vsPWH (n = 10, 100% male, ART duration 5–14 yr) and find half of the participants showed latent HIV in monocytes. In some participants, these reservoirs could be detected over several years. Additionally, we assessed HIV genomes in monocytes from 30 vsPWH (27% male, ART duration 5–22 yr) utilizing a myeloid-adapted intact proviral DNA assay (IPDA) and demonstrate that intact genomes were present in 40% of the participants and higher total HIV DNA correlated with reactivatable latent reservoirs. The virus produced in the MDM-QVOA was capable of infecting bystander cells resulting in viral spread. These findings provide further evidence that myeloid cells meet the definition of a clinically relevant HIV reservoir and emphasize that myeloid reservoirs should be included in efforts towards an HIV cure.