bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Integrated Approach to Define Estuarine System Resilience, Applied to the Upper Sea Scheldt, Flanders, Belgium
Authors: Adams R. , van Holland G. , Vansteenkiste J. , van Rompaey M. , de Beukelaer-Dossche M. , Bosmans S. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe Upper Sea Scheldt (Flanders, Belgium) is a part of the Scheldt estuary which extends from the North-Sea in the Netherlands to the shipping locks in Ghent with a total length of 160 km. Challenges on flood protection and nature development in this unique fresh water estuarine system are addressed in the Sigma-plan. Cumulative effects of i) the autonomous morphological development of the estuary, ii) the further evolution as a consequence of past realignments and dredging works, and iii) sea level rise, result in an increase of tidal dynamics and turbidity which affect both habitat and light climate, and finally disrupt the ecosystem functions.In order to better understand the system functioning and to prepare for counteracting these undesired evolutions De Vlaamse Waterweg, the waterway manager, has launched a study programme to investigate solutions and to prepare a vision for the future management of the river. An extensive modelling instrument was developed coupling different state of the art modules into one model chain. The developed instrument proved to be highly effective to study (i) the interdependencies between the different river functions which allowed for an integrated analysis and evaluation of potential measures, and (ii) the robustness of the measures for climate change, and allowing the selection of a set of measures providing a desired level of system resilience. As such the results of the study form the backbone for the development of a future vision on estuary management, while the model instrument will continue to be used to study design alternatives and finetune measures for implementation.
Changes of Channel Conditions of Zhangjiazhou Waterway for the 2020 Hydrological Year and Maintenance Countermeasures
Authors: Xu Hui , Shang Qianqian , Xu Xiangjun 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe 2020 hydrological year is featured with the high-water level and high flow period far exceeding the previous hydrological years. The sediment deposition in flood season shallowed and impeded the channel. Based on the hydrological analysis of 2020, the impact of the catastrophic flood year on the channel conditions in the upper shallow area of Nangang, and the reasons for the deterioration of the channel conditions in the shallow area are analyzed. Meanwhile, channel maintenance countermeasures, the necessity of emergency dredging, and the specific dredging scheme are proposed accordingly. The results show that: the upper shallow area of Nangang followed the law of silting in flood season and scouring in the dry season during a hydrological year. The channel conditions depend on the comparison between silting in the flood season and scouring after the flood season. In 2020, the flood lasted for a long time, so the water-falling period was relatively insufficient after flood season, and the upper shallow area was not sufficiently scoured, which resulted in navigation obstruction in the upper shallow area. Therefore, emergency dredging was necessary to be implemented on the channel, the dredging site was designed from #10 navigational mark to #9 navigational mark, the dredging bottom elevation was 4.2 m below the design water level, and the dredging width was 200 m. Considering the hysteresis of riverbed deformation, it is suggested to pay continuous attention to the water conditions and channel variation in the upper shallow area of Nangang in the future, and to formulate corresponding channel maintenance countermeasures.
Complementarity and the unitarity of the black hole S-matrix
Authors: Kim Isaac H. , Preskill John 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Recently, Akers et al. proposed a non-isometric holographic map from the interior of a black hole to its exterior. Within this model, we study properties of the black hole S-matrix, which are in principle accessible to observers who stay outside the black hole. Specifically, we investigate a scenario in which an infalling agent interacts with radiation both outside and inside the black hole. Because the holographic map involves postselection, the unitarity of the S-matrix is not guaranteed in this scenario, but we find that unitarity is satisfied to very high precision if suitable conditions are met. If the internal black hole dynamics is described by a pseudorandom unitary transformation, and if the operations performed by the infaller have computational complexity scaling polynomially with the black hole entropy, then the S-matrix is unitary up to corrections that are superpolynomially small in the black hole entropy. Furthermore, while in principle quantum computation assisted by postselection can be very powerful, we find under similar assumptions that the S-matrix of an evaporating black hole has polynomial computational complexity.
Critical Points of the Solutions to the $$H_R=H_L$$ Surface Equation
Authors: Albujer Alma L. , Caballero Magdalena 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSpacelike surfaces with the same mean curvature in $${\mathbb {R}}^3$$

R

3

and $${\mathbb {L}}^3$$

L

3

are locally described as the graph of the solutions to the $$H_R=H_L$$

H
R

=

H
L

surface equation, which is an elliptic partial differential equation except at the points at which the gradient vanishes, because the equation degenerates. In this paper we study precisely the critical points of the solutions to such equation. Specifically, we give a necessary geometrical condition for a point to be critical, we obtain a new uniqueness result for the Dirichlet problem related to the $$H_R=H_L$$

H
R

=

H
L

surface equation and we get a Heinz-type bound for the inradius of the domain of any solution to such equation, improving a previous result by the authors. Finally, we also get a bound for the inradius of the domain of any function of class $${\mathcal {C}}^2$$

C

2

in terms of the curvature of its level curves.
A New Description of the Complex Roots Using Zeros of Some Polynomials
Authors: Ludew Jakub Jan , Różański Michał , Słowik Roksana , Wituła Roman 
Published: February 2023

AbstractInspired by a problem found in a textbook of Faddeev and Sominsky we propose a new form of roots of an arbitrary complex number. Our idea uses the zeros of some polynomials connected with the modified Chebyshev polynomials.
Employment protection and regional self-employment rates in an economic downturn: a multilevel analysis
Authors: Filippopoulos Nikolaos , Fotopoulos Georgios 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis research aims to investigate the role of employment protection in affecting the relationship between regional self-employment and unemployment during turbulent times. In doing so, data comprised of 230 regions, nested in 17 EU countries, for the 2008–2015 period were used. When accounting for individual effects, we find that an increase in regional unemployment would decrease regional self-employment, while the opposite was found true for employment protection. When accounting for the cross-level interaction between regional unemployment and national employment protection legislation, however, we find that the underlying increased labor market rigidity not only decreases regional self-employment, but it also magnifies the adverse effect of regional unemployment. Our key results thus indicate that high labor market rigidity hinders self-employment.
Application of optimized convolutional neural network to fixture layout in automotive parts
Authors: Villena Toro Javier , Wiberg Anton , Tarkian Mehdi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractFixture layout is a complex task that significantly impacts manufacturing costs and requires the expertise of well-trained engineers. While most research approaches to automating the fixture layout process use optimization or rule-based frameworks, this paper presents a novel approach using supervised learning. The proposed framework replicates the 3-2-1 locating principle to layout fixtures for sheet metal designs. This principle ensures the correct fixing of an object by restricting its degrees of freedom. One main novelty of the proposed framework is the use of topographic maps generated from sheet metal design data as input for a convolutional neural network (CNN). These maps are created by projecting the geometry onto a plane and converting the Z coordinate into gray-scale pixel values. The framework is also novel in its ability to reuse knowledge about fixturing to lay out new workpieces and in its integration with a CAD environment as an add-in. The results of the hyperparameter-tuned CNN for regression show high accuracy and fast convergence, demonstrating the usability of the model for industrial applications. The framework was first tested using automotive b-pillar designs and was found to have high accuracy (≈ 100%) in classifying these designs. The proposed framework offers a promising approach for automating the complex task of fixture layout in sheet metal design.
Long-term clinical outcomes of gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma in real-world experience
Authors: Min Gi-June , Kang Donghoon , Lee Han Hee , Kim Seung-Jun , Kim Tong Yoon , Jeon Young-Woo , O Joo Hyun , Choi Byung-Ock , Park Gyeongsin , Cho Seok-Goo 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis long-term, retrospective, single-center study evaluated real-world clinical outcomes of gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma using different therapeutic modalities and analyzed factors affecting survival outcomes and long-term prognosis. We enrolled 203 patients with pathologically confirmed low-grade gastric MALT lymphoma and examined their treatment responses. Helicobacter pylori eradication was performed in all patients with H. pylori infection (HPI) and localized stage gastric MALT lymphoma. All patients underwent pre-treatment and physical evaluations, with complete blood count, biochemistry panel, and staging workup. Among 144 HPI-positive patients with stage I or II1–2 disease who underwent H. pylori eradication, 112 (77.8%) achieved complete remission (CR). All HPI-negative patients who received first-line radiotherapy achieved CR (100%), but only 22 of 27 first-line chemotherapy-treated patients achieved CR (81.5%). Lesions in the proximal upper-third or in multiple locations and an invasion depth to the submucosa or deeper were associated with poor response to eradication, and HPI negativity was significantly correlated with poor progression-free survival. HPI eradication treatment should be the first-line treatment for patients with localized stage HPI-positive gastric MALT lymphoma. The “watch-and-wait” strategy should be adopted for delayed responders. We suggest radiotherapy for patients with a localized HPI-negative status or when eradication has failed.
Immunomodulator comedication promotes the reversal of anti-drug antibody-mediated loss of response to anti-TNF therapy in inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Stallhofer Johannes , Guse Jan , Kesselmeier Miriam , Grunert Philip Christian , Lange Kathleen , Stalmann Robert , Eckardt Verena , Stallmach Andreas 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Loss of therapeutic response (LOR) due to anti-drug antibodies (ADA) against tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors is common in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We aimed to investigate whether immunomodulator comedication can reverse the immunogenic LOR to TNF inhibitors in IBD.

Methods
In this real-world retrospective cohort study, 123 IBD patients with neutralizing ADA to infliximab or adalimumab and concomitant subtherapeutic trough levels were screened for clinical LOR. Subsequent ADA and trough level measurements and clinical outcomes were analyzed for patients who received either immunomodulator comedication or dose intensification of infliximab or adalimumab to overcome LOR.

Results
Following immunogenic LOR, the initial anti-TNF regimen was optimized in 33 patients. In univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses, immunomodulator comedication was identified as the crucial factor for regaining clinical remission and ADA clearance. Detectable trough levels (≥ 0.98 or ≥ 1.00 mg/L, respectively) had optimal predictive performance for both endpoints in receiver operating characteristics curves [area under the curve 0.86 (95% confidence interval 0.68–1.00) for regaining clinical remission, 0.87 (0.71–1.00) for ADA clearance]. Furthermore, 11/20 patients (55%) on a comedication with azathioprine or methotrexate and 2/13 patients (15%) receiving anti-TNF dose intensification exclusively (P = 0.032) exhibited ADA elimination, regain of therapeutic trough levels, and clinical remission. Regain of clinical remission alone was achieved in 17/20 (85%) patients receiving comedication and 2/13 (15%) patients receiving anti-TNF dose intensification (P = 1.6 × 10−4).

Conclusion
Immunogenic LOR to infliximab or adalimumab in IBD can be successfully reversed using immunomodulator comedication.
Clinical outcomes for grades III–V acromioclavicular dislocations favor double-button fixation compared to clavicle hook plate fixation: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Hohmann Erik , Tetsworth Kevin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Introduction
The purpose of this study was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of both randomized controlled and observational studies comparing double-button suture fixation to hook plate fixation for types III–IV acromioclavicular joint dislocation.

Methods
Systematic review of Medline, Embase, Scopus, and Google Scholar, including all levels 1–3 studies from 2000 to 2022. Clinical outcome scores, range of motion, and complications were included. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration’s ROB2 tool and ROBINs-I tool. MINORS and modified Coleman Methodology Score (CMS) were used to assess within study quality. The GRADE system was used to assess the overall quality of the body of evidence. Heterogeneity was assessed using χ2 and I2 statistics.

Results
Fifteen studies were included. Three of the four included LOE II and eleven of the LOE III studies had a high risk of bias. Study quality was considered poor and fair for 67% by MINORS criteria and 93% for CMS criteria. The pooled estimate (SMD 0.662) for all clinical outcomes was statistically significant and in favor of button repair (p = 0.0001). The pooled estimate (SMD 0.662) for all VAS pain scores was statistically significant, again in favor of button repair (p = 0.001).

Conclusions
The results of this meta-analysis demonstrated significantly better outcomes of button repair for acute ACJ dislocations when compared to clavicle hook plate. Button repair is also associated with a 2.2 times lower risk for complications. However, risk of bias is high, and study quality within and between studies was low. These results, therefore, must be viewed with caution.

Level of evidence
Level III; systematic review and meta-analysis.
Patient perceptions of insulin therapy in diabetes self-management with insulin injection devices
Authors: Consoli Agostino , Formoso Gloria 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Aims
Several insulin delivery systems are available to control glycemia in patients with diabetes. Recently introduced devices feature connectivity enabling data transfer to smartphone applications to provide decision support and reduce errors in dosing and timing, while reducing the cognitive burden.

Methods
We conducted an online survey in Italian patients with a self-reported diagnosis of diabetes to assess patient perceptions of insulin therapy management, and their impressions of connection-enabled insulin pens compared to standard insulin pens. The Morisky Medication Adherence Scale-8 was used to assess adherence to insulin therapy.

Results
Among 223 respondents (108 with type 1 diabetes; 115 with type 2 diabetes), the most prominent unmet need was the necessity to overcome the cognitive burden of care associated with measuring, calculating, timing, and recording therapy. Only 25% of respondents had high adherence; 28% had low adherence.

Conclusions
When asked to compare the attributes of a non-connected insulin pen with those of a new connected device, 71% of patients rated the new proposal “very useful”. The cognitive burden associated with self-management of diabetes therapy may influence preferences for advanced insulin delivery systems.
Defining the Extent of Mine-Influenced Groundwater in a Mineralized and Agricultural Area Using Multiple Lines of Evidence
Authors: McCulley Bryan , Andrews Charles , Johnson Brian , Riese Arthur C. , Jonas Jim 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMine-influenced groundwater (MIW) at a former copper mine site has affected an alluvial aquifer that also contains groundwater with solutes characteristic of natural mineralization and agricultural activities. Many of the solutes are common to at least two of three potential sources, and some solutes (e.g., sulfate and uranium) are common to all three. This precludes the conventional use of one, or several, characteristic solutes to identify the extent of MIW. So, we used five independent lines of evidence (LOE) to define the extent of MIW in the alluvial aquifer. The five LOE are multivariate statistical analysis of an extensive groundwater analyte suite, groundwater sulfur isotope (δ34SSO4) data, probabilistic calculations of groundwater velocity and flow distance, isotopic (3H/3He) estimates of groundwater age, and extent of nitrate in groundwater originating from agricultural activities.
Correlating contexts and NFR conflicts from event logs
Authors: Roy Mandira , Das Souvick , Deb Novarun , Cortesi Agostino , Chaki Rituparna , Chaki Nabendu 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn the design of autonomous systems, it is important to consider the preferences of the interested parties to improve the user experience. These preferences are often associated with the contexts in which each system is likely to operate. The operational behavior of a system must also meet various non-functional requirements (NFRs), which can present different levels of conflict depending on the operational context. This work aims to model correlations between the individual contexts and the consequent conflicts between NFRs. The proposed approach is based on analyzing the system event logs, tracing them back to the leaf elements at the specification level and providing a contextual explanation of the system’s behavior. The traced contexts and NFR conflicts are then mined to produce Context-Context and Context-NFR conflict sequential rules. The proposed Contextual Explainability (ConE) framework uses BERT-based pre-trained language models and sequential rule mining libraries for deriving the above correlations. Extensive evaluations are performed to compare the existing state-of-the-art approaches. The best-fit solutions are chosen to integrate within the ConE framework. Based on experiments, an accuracy of 80%, a precision of 90%, a recall of 97%, and an F1-score of 88% are recorded for the ConE framework on the sequential rules that were mined.
Exposure to sulfur in soil explains pigmentation by pheomelanin in birds inhabiting Iceland
Authors: Rodríguez-Martínez Sol , Arnalds Ólafur , Guðmundsson Jón , Svavarsdóttir María , Gísladóttir Fanney Ó. , Nielsen Ólafur K. , Galván Ismael 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMelanins are the most common pigments in birds and mammals. The synthesis of the sulfurated form of melanin, termed pheomelanin, is promoted by high levels of thiols in melanocytes. Exposure to elemental sulfur in the environment can potentially influence intracellular thiol levels in terrestrial animals, but this has never been investigated in the wild. This is particularly relevant in areas with a high volcanic activity that facilitate sulfur exposure. We explored for an association between the pheomelanin content of feathers in 35 breeding birds from 13 phylogenetically diverse species and 29 locations in Iceland, and the sulfur content of nearby soil samples. After controlling for the effect of phylogenetic relatedness between species, we found that the pheomelanin content of feathers was significantly correlated with the sulfur content of soil, indicating that pheomelanin production increases with sulfur exposure. Our results suggest that environmental exposure to relatively high levels of elemental sulfur promotes the expression of pheomelanin-based pigmentation phenotypes in birds, likely by an influence on intracellular thiols during development. This is the first evidence that soil chemistry can affect the phenotype of animals. Highly volcanic areas such as Iceland are thus potential sources of global phenotypic diversity by promoting sulfur exposure in animals.
Artificial intelligence applications for microgrids integration and management of hybrid renewable energy sources
Authors: Talaat M. , Elkholy M. H. , Alblawi Adel , Said Taghreed 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe integration of renewable energy sources (RESs) has become more attractive to provide electricity to rural and remote areas, which increases the reliability and sustainability of the electrical system, particularly for areas where electricity extension is difficult. Despite this, the integration of hybrid RESs is accompanied by many problems as a result of the intermittent and unstable nature of RESs. The extant literature has discussed the integration of RESs, but it is not comprehensive enough to clarify all the factors that affect the integration of RESs. In this paper, a comprehensive review is made of the integration of RESs. This review includes various combinations of integrated systems, integration schemes, integration requirements, microgrid communication challenges, as well as artificial intelligence used in the integration. In addition, the review comprehensively presents the potential challenges arising from integrating renewable resources with the grid and the control strategies used. The classifications developed in this review facilitate the integration improvement process. This paper also discusses the various optimization techniques used to reduce the total cost of integrated energy sources. In addition, it examines the use of up-to-date methods to improve the performance of the electrical grid. A case study is conducted to analyze the impact of using artificial intelligence when integrating RESs. The results of the case study prove that the use of artificial intelligence helps to improve the accuracy of operation to provide effective and accurate prediction control of the integrated system. Various optimization techniques are combined with ANN to select the best hybrid model. PSO has the fast convergence rate for reaching to the minimum errors as the Normalized Mean Square Error (NMSE) percentage reaches 1.10% in 3367.50 s.