bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Subclinical hypothyroidism predicted adverse cardiovascular events in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
Authors: Tan Qiang , Ming Chen , Hongmei Yang , Yao Guo 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background
Subclinical hypothyroidism (SH) increases the risk of cardiovascular events; however, the influence of SH on the prognosis of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is not fully understood. The aim of this study was to examine the association between SH and cardiovascular events in patients with HFpEF.
Methods
In this prospective observational study, patients with HFpEF were divided into euthyroidism group (n = 413) and SH group (n = 79) according to the serum level of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). Patients were followed-up with for at least 30 months. The primary endpoint was a composite of adverse cardiovascular events, including cardiovascular death and re-hospitalization.
Results
The rate of composite cardiovascular events was higher in the SH group than in the euthyroidism group (54.49% and 26.36%, respectively; p < 0.001). The higher risk of cardiovascular events in the SH group was primarily due to a higher risk of re-hospitalization compared to the euthyroidism group (45.56% and 20.58%, respectively; p < 0.001). The rate of cardiovascular death was higher in the SH group than in the euthyroidism group (13.92% and 5.81%, respectively; p = 0.017). Cox proportional hazards regression showed that SH (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.921, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.139–3.240), TSH level (HR = 1.025, 95% CI = 1.010–1.054), age (HR = 1.017, 95% CI = 1.002–1.034), left ventricular ejection fraction (HR = 0.975, 95% CI = 0.953–0.996), atrial fibrillation (HR = 1.581, 95% CI = 1.083–2.307), eGFR (HR = 0.987, 95% CI = 0.978–0.997), and New York heart association grade (HR = 2.342, 95% CI = 1.649–3.326) were independent predictors of cardiovascular events in patients with HFpEF (all p < 0.05).
Conclusions
SH was associated with increased risks of cardiovascular events and death in patients with HFpEF.
A comparison of the clinical performance of two commercially available SARS- CoV-2 antibody assays among Japanese healthcare workers (2020–2022)
Authors: Yan Yan , Saito Kaori , Naito Toshio , Ito Kanami , Horiuchi Yuki , Deshpande Gautam A. , Yokokawa Hirohide , Tabe Yoko 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Antibody tests are used as surveillance tools for informing health policy making. However, results may vary by type of antibody assay and timing of sample collection following infection. Long-term longitudinal cohort studies on antibody assay seropositivity have remained limited, especially among Asian populations. Using blood samples obtained at health physicals (2020–2022) of healthcare workers (mass vaccinated with mRNA COVID-19 vaccines) at a Japanese medical center, we measured N-specific antibodies using two commercially available systems. Roche Elecsys® Anti-SARS-CoV-2 measures total antibodies and Abbott AlinityⓇ SARS-CoV-2 IgG measures only IgG. Among 2,538 participants, 16.6% tested positive via total antibody assay versus 12.9% by IgG-only (including grayzone) by mid-June 2022. For 219 cases with a previous PCR-confirmed infection, positivity was 97.3% using total antibody assay versus 76.3% using IgG-only assay. During the first 16 weeks after infection, both assays demonstrated high positivity. However, while positivity of the total antibody assay was retained for the entire study period (until week 113 post-infection), IgG-only assay positivity declined after week 16. Our study found significant differences in the performance of total antibody versus IgG-only assays, suggesting an optimal assay for retaining sensitivity over the entire infection period when designing seroprevalence studies.
Application of machine learning in measurement of ageing and geriatric diseases: A systematic review
Authors: Das Ayushi , Dhillon Preeti 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
As the ageing population continues to grow in many countries, the prevalence of geriatric diseases is on the rise. In response, healthcare providers are exploring novel methods to enhance the quality of life for the elderly. Over the last decade, there has been a remarkable surge in the use of machine learning in geriatric diseases and care. Machine learning (ML) has emerged as a promising tool for the diagnosis, treatment, and management of these conditions. Hence, our study aims to find out the present state of research in geriatrics and application of machine learning methods in this area.
Methods
This systematic review followed PRISMA guidelines and focused on healthy ageing in individuals aged 45 and above, with a specific emphasis on the diseases that commonly occur during this process. Peer-reviewed articles were searched in the PubMed database with a focus on ML methods and the older population.
Results
A total of 59 papers were selected from the 81 identified papers after going through title screening, abstract screening and reference search. Limited research is available on predicting biological or brain age using deep learning and different supervised ML methods. The neurodegenerative disorders were found to be the most researched disease, in which Alzheimer’s disease was focused the most. Among NCDs, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, cancer, kidney diseases, cardiovascular diseases were the included and other rare diseases like oral health related diseases and bone diseases were also explored in some papers. In terms of application of ML, risk prediction was most common approach. More than half of the studies have used supervised machine learning algorithm, among which logistic regression, random forest, XG Boost were frequently used methods. These ML methods were applied on variety of datasets including population-based data, hospital records and social media.
Conclusion
The review identified a wide range of studies that employed ML algorithms to analyse various diseases and datasets. While the application of ML in geriatrics and care has been well-explored, there is still room for future development, particularly in validating models across diverse populations and utilizing personalized digital datasets for customized patient-centric care in older populations.
The debranching enzyme Dbr1 regulates lariat turnover and intron splicing
Authors: Buerer Luke , Clark Nathaniel , Welch Anastasia , Duan Chaorui , Taggart Allison , Townley Brittany , Wang Jing , Soemedi Rachel , Rong Stephen , Lin Chien-Ling , Zeng Yi , Katolik Adam , Staley Jonathan , Damha Masad , Mosammaparast Nima , Fairbrother William 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

The majority of genic transcription is intronic. Introns are removed by splicing as branched lariat RNAs which require rapid recycling. The branch site is recognized during splicing catalysis and later debranched by Dbr1 in the rate-limiting step of lariat turnover. Through generation of the first viable DBR1 knockout cell line, we find the predominantly nuclear Dbr1 enzyme to encode the sole debranching activity in human cells. Dbr1 preferentially debranches substrates that contain canonical U2 binding motifs, suggesting that branchsites discovered through sequencing do not necessarily represent those favored by the spliceosome. We find that Dbr1 also exhibits specificity for particular 5’ splice site sequences. We identify Dbr1 interactors through co-immunoprecipitation mass spectroscopy. We present a mechanistic model for Dbr1 recruitment to the branchpoint through the intron-binding protein AQR. In addition to a 20-fold increase in lariats, Dbr1 depletion increases exon skipping. Using ADAR fusions to timestamp lariats, we demonstrate a defect in spliceosome recycling. In the absence of Dbr1, spliceosomal components remain associated with the lariat for a longer period of time. As splicing is co-transcriptional, slower recycling increases the likelihood that downstream exons will be available for exon skipping.
Early change of plasma Epstein-Barr virus DNA load and the viral lytic genome expression could positively predict clinical outcome in recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma receiving anti–programmed cell death 1 monotherapy
Authors: Lin Shaoyan , Zhou Huaqiang , Chen Gang , Xue Jinhui , Liu Qianwen , Li Jianing , Yang Yanhua , Zhao Yuanyuan , Huang Yan , Ma Yuxiang , Zhao Hongyun 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Purpose Patients with recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (RM-NPC) have proven benefit from anti–programmed cell death 1 (anti-PD-1) monotherapy. Here, we retrospectively analyze the association of plasma Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA load and tumor viral lytic genome with clinical outcome from 2 registered phase I trials. Methods Patients with RM-NPC from Checkmate 077 (nivolumab phase I trial in China) and Camrelizumab phase I trial between March 2016 and January 2018 were enrolled. Baseline EBV DNA titers were tested in 68 patients and EBV assessment was performed in 60 patients who had at least 3 post-baseline timepoints of EBV data and at least 1 post-baseline timepoint of radiographic assessment. Whole-exome sequencing was performed in 60 patients with available tumor samples. Results We found that the baseline EBV DNA load was positively correlated with tumor size (spearman p < 0.001). Both partial response (PR) and stable disease (SD) patients had significantly lower EBV load than progression disease (PD) patients. EBV assessment was highly consistent with radiographic evaluation. Patients with EBV response had significantly improved overall survival (OS) than patients with EBV progression (log-rank p = 0.004, HR = 0.361, median 24.7 vs 13.0 months). The median time to initial EBV response and progression were 25 and 36 days prior to initial radiographic response and progression, respectively. Patients with high expression of EBV lytic genomes at baseline, including BKRF2, BKRF3 and BKRF4, had better progression-free survival (PFS) and OS. Conclusion In summary, early clearance of plasma EBV DNA load and high expression of lytic EBV genes were associated with better clinical outcome in patients with RM-NPC receiving anti-PD-1 monotherapy.
Effects of sodium hypochlorite with different concentration on endodontic postoperative pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Huang Yihua , Liu Yiwen , Du Yu , Gong Qimei , Liang Yijun , Jiang Hongwei 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgrounds: Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) has been the most widely used chemical auxiliary substance in endodontics owing to its effective antimicrobial action and excellent tissue-dissolving properties. To date, the ideal concentration of NaOCl has not been established, since potential complications are still controversial. NaOCl is routinely used in endodontics, the aim of the present study is to answer the following question: Does the concentration of NaOCl have effects on postoperative pain in endodontic treatment of permanent teeth? Methods Electronic databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science and Cochrane Library, were searched for randomized controlled trials published from their start dates to March 2021 using strict inclusion and exclusion criteria, and reviewed following PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. Only randomized controlled trials that compared the effects of NaOCl with different concentrations on endodontic postoperative pain during chemomechanical preparation of permanent teeth with endodontic infection were included. Two reviewers respectively assessed the eligibility for inclusion, extracted data and assessed the quality using the risk of bias tool. Results From 1638 studies that resulted from the initial search, 22 articles were included for full-text appraisal; five articles met the inclusion criteria for quantitative synthesis. A single meta-analysis was performed to compare the effects of NaOCl with different concentrations on endodontic postoperative pain in endodontic treatment of permanent teeth. The forest plot of endodontic postoperative pain indicated that there was no difference in incidence of endodontic postoperative pain between low concentration and high concentration of NaOCl (odd ratio [OR]: 0.60; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.20–1.74; P = 0.34). Conclusions This review has been the first analysis to compare the incidence of endodontic postoperative pain after irrigation of NaOCl between low concentration group and high concentration group of permanent teeth so far. Based on the present limited evidence, the study suggested that there was no difference in incidence of endodontic postoperative pain between low concentration and high concentration of NaOCl in permanent teeth with endodontic infection. Trial registration: PROSPERO (CRD42021241829).
Chronic Hepatitis C and comorbidities: real-world study to evaluate impact in outcomes after treatment with sofosbuvir-based regimens
Authors: Serejo Fátima , Marinho Rui Tato , Santos Lurdes , Serrão Rosário , Sarmento António , Tavares Ana Paula , Horta Ana , Castro Rui Sarmento e , Manata Maria José , Lino Sara , Maltez Fernando , Ferreira José , Moreira Teresa , Pedroto Isabel , Valente Cristina , Cruz Gonçalo , Cunha Saraiva , Calinas Filipe , Andrade Ana P , Liberal Rodrigo , Macedo Guilherme , Vicente Vera , Veloso Luís , Velosa José 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background and Aims:
Risk of liver-related morbidity and mortality is not eliminated in cirrhotic patients following direct-acting antiviral treatment. This study aimed to assess virologic and clinical outcomes among chronic hepatitis C patients who received sofosbuvir (SOF)-based regimens.
Methods:
Non-interventional, multicenter,retrospective, single-cohort study of 1,724 patients who started treatment with (SOF)-based regimens between February 2015 and August 2016. SVR12, liver fibrosis, mortality and progression disease risks scores were evaluated.
Results:
Patients median age was 51.9 years and 71.7% were male. Most patients (67.2%) were genotype (GT) 1. Cirrhosis was found in 35.5% of patients being 94.8% compensated. Ledipasvir/SOF was the most common regimen (76.1%) and 20.2% of patients received ribavirin (RBV).SVR12 was 97.7%, higher among females (99.0%; p=0.0298) and patients withoutRBV (98.8%; p=0.0002). SVR12 were approximately 97% among patients with and without extra-hepatic comorbidities (EHC) and in cirrhotic patients. At 24 weeks after treatment cessation, liver fibrosis stage improvement was observed in 45.2% of patients and was higher in SVR12 patients without EHC than with EHC (53.8% vs 37.9%, p=0.0227). At baseline, the 2.5 years median mortality risk was lower among patients without EHC than with EHC (1.6% vs 1.8%; p=0.0043). Same trend was found regarding 5 and 7.5-year risk at baseline and at 12 weeks follow up.
Discussion/Conclusion:
SOF-based regimens showed high SVR rates in all genotypes, being higher among females and those not receiving RBV. Nearly half of patients improved liver fibrosis stage over time. Presence of EHC may lead to poorer prognosis in terms of liver fibrosis, morbidity and all-cause mortality risk.
Correlation between Predicted Lean Mass and Abdominal Aortic Calcification in US Adults
Authors: Lai Qian-cheng , Wang Xiaowen , Zhang Cheng , Wu QingChen , Ye Liu , Shao Yue 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
The association between different body compositions and artery calcification has been proven in several studies. Evidence is still limited concerning abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) and predicted lean mass. This finding examined the relationship between predicted lean mass and abdominal aortic calcification in the United States (US) adults based on 2013–2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).
Methods
Herein, 3077 respondents were selected from NHANES. Outcome variables were AAC score and severe AAC. We applied survey-weighted multiple regression analysis to examine the correlation between predicted lean mass and AAC. The restricted cubic spline was carried out to depict the linear correlation between predicted lean mass and AAC. Furthermore, we used stratification analysis to find if the correlation of predicted lean mass with severe AAC was sustained across various subclasses.
Results
Compared to other groups, participants in the first quintile presented higher AAC scores and a higher incidence of severe AAC. The weighted multivariable regression analysis indicated that predicted lean mass showed independent and significant inverse relationships to AAC score and severe AAC (all P < 0.05). Restricted cubic splines observed that the correlation between predicted lean mass and AAC score, AAC severe were linear (P for non-linearity > 0.05). Relationship between predicted lean mass and severe AAC was still significant in most subclasses.
Conclusions
Predicted lean mass was adversely and remarkably correlated with AAC in US adults.
AIM2 and FCGR1A, two potential diagnostic biomarkers for distinguishing infection statuses of Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: Xu Yuehong , Li Xiaoying , Pu Liao , Niu Changchun 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Our study aims to identify novel diagnostic biomarkers for distinguishing different infection statuses of M. tuberculosis.
Methods
Differential genes (DEGs) of different infection statuses of M. tuberculosis from the GEO datasets were analyzed using GEO2R. The interactions between the proteins encoded by the DEGs were analyzed using STRING; the protein-protein interaction network was visualized using Cytoscape. The validation was performed by real-time PCR and ELISA, and ROC analysis of DEGs was performed using R package pROC.
Results
80 DEGs were identified from the GSE19439, GSE83456, and GSE19444 datasets for ATB and healthy controls (HC). 14 DEGs with the largest values of betweenness were screened using Cytoscape. 55 DEGs for distinguishing active and latent TB were screened in the datasets GSE39941 and GSE19439, and 8 DEGs with the highest values of betweenness were screened using Cytoscape. Furthermore, the study also revealed increased expression levels of genes AIM2 and FCGR1A in HC, LTBI, and ATB. The expression levels of genes FCGR1A and AIM2 in ATB and HC were validated using real-time PCR, and the levels of serum FCGR1A protein in ATB and HC were validated using ELISA.
Conclusion
AIM2 and FCGR1A in HC, LTBI, and ATB showed an increasing trend and can be used as diagnostic biomarkers for distinguishing different infection statuses of M. tuberculosis.
Long-term changes in physical fitness components determining motor performance of young people studying physiotherapy in 2001-2020
Authors: Lewandowski Andrzej , Siedlaczek Marcin , Piekorz Zuzanna 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Introduction. The aim of the study is to assess changes in basic somatic features and motor components of physical fitness of physiotherapy students in the years 2001–2020. Hypotheses were made about the lack of a secular trend in body height and weight, the deterioration of motor efficiency and the lack of conditioning of the examined changes by social factors. Materials and methods. Every year, students of physiotherapy at Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń (Poland) were examined in terms of height, weight, chest circumference, balance, speed, power, agility and endurance. Results were obtained from 1161 female students and 464 male students. Results. There was weight gain in the group of women (R2 = 0.41, p = 0.00314), deterioration of speed (for women R2 = 0.579, p = 0.001; for men R2 = 0.301, p = 0.0185) and deterioration of power (for women R2 = 0.51, p = 0.001, p = 0.001; for men R2 = 0.0432, p = 0.00303). The stability of the remaining features was also found, as well as the lack of their conditioning by social factors. Predictors of maintaining motor fitness were identified, i.e. male gender, fitness exam qualifying for studies and chest circumference. Conclusions. The creation of conditions and requirements encouraging greater care for the appropriate level of motor fitness of people undertaking physiotherapy studies seems justified. This observation may apply to other academia providing training for the profession of physiotherapist.
Temporal Convulutional Network &amp; Content-based Frame Sampling Fusion for Semantically Enriched Video Summarization
Authors: Sumanth¹ S. , Durga² T. Charan , Sai³ Ch. Yashwanth , Manne Suneetha 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Due to the exponential growth of video data, which makes it difficult to handle massive volumes of video content, video summarizing techniques have drawn a lot of interest recently. Although there are numerous video summary techniques, summarizing lengthy videos is still difficult since it takes a long time to process hundreds of frames. The Distributed Temporal Convolutional Networks method, which takes into account the shot length distribution's properties to effectively summarize lengthy films, is proposed in this paper as a novel solution to tackle this difficulty. By completely using the temporal coherence of lengthy films, the Content-Based Frame Sampling [3] technique is additionally suggested to improve the system's throughput. The fusion approach has a significant implication for improving video summarization techniques and enabling efficient video processing, paving the way for new applications in areas such as video surveillance, entertainment, and education. All authors contributed to the writing and revision of the manuscript.
Prevalence of Computer Vision Syndrome During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: León-Figueroa Darwin A. , Barboza Joshuan J. , Siddiq Abdelmonem , Sah Ranjit , Valladares-Garrido Mario J. , Adhikari Suraj , Aguirre-Milachay Edwin , Sah Sanjit , Rodriguez-Morales Alfonso J. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Computer vision syndrome (CVS) has become a significant public health problem, especially in developing countries. Therefore, this study aims to identify the prevalence of CVS during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods
A systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature was conducted using the databases PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase up to February 22, 2023, using the search terms "Computer Vision Syndrome" and "COVID-19". Three authors independently performed study selection, quality assessment, and data extraction, and the Joanna Briggs Institute Meta-Analysis of Statistics Assessment and Review Instrument was used to evaluate study quality. Heterogeneity was assessed using the statistical test I2, and the R version 4.2.3 program was used for statistical analysis.
Results
A total of 192 studies were retrieved, of which 18 were included in the final meta-analysis. The total sample included 10337 participants from 12 countries. The combined prevalence of CVS was 74% (95% CI: 66, 81). Subgroup analysis based on country revealed a higher prevalence of CVS in Pakistan (99%, 95% CI: 97, 100) and a lower prevalence in Turkey (48%, 95% CI: 44, 52). In addition, subgroup analysis based on study subjects showed a prevalence of 82% (95% CI: 74, 89) for CVS in non-students and 70% (95% CI: 60, 80) among students.
Conclusion
According to the study, 74% of the participants experienced CVS during the COVID-19 pandemic. Given this finding, it is essential to implement preventive and therapeutic measures to reduce the risk of developing CVS and improve the quality of life of those affected.
Trial registration
The protocol for this systematic review and meta-analysis was registered in the international registry of systematic reviews, PROSPERO, with registration number CRD42022345965.