bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Garden of Forking Paths; An Evaluation of Joseph’s ‘A Reevaluation of the 1990 “Minnesota Study of Twins Reared Apart” IQ Study’
Authors: Bouchard Thomas J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractJoseph has written what purports to be a refutation of studies of Twins Reared-Apart (TRAs) with a singular focus on the Minnesota Study of Twins Reared-Apart (MISTRA). I show, in detail, that (a) his criticisms of previous TRA studies depend on sources that were discredited prior to MISTRA, as they all failed the test of replicability, (b) the list of biases he uses to invalidate MISTRA do not support his arguments, (c) the accusations of questionable research practices are unsubstantiated, (d) his claim that MISTRA should be evaluated in the context of psychology’s replication crisis is refuted. The TRA studies are constructive replications. Like many other scholars, past and present, he has been misled by the variation introduced by small samples (sampling error) and the distortion created by walking in the garden of forking paths. His endeavor is a concatenation of elision and erroneous statistical/scientific reasoning.
Monitoring transmission intensity of trachoma with serology
Authors: Tedijanto Christine , Solomon Anthony W. , Martin Diana L. , Nash Scott D. , Keenan Jeremy D. , Lietman Thomas M. , Lammie Patrick J. , Aiemjoy Kristen , Amza Abdou , Aragie Solomon , Arzika Ahmed M. , Callahan E. Kelly , Carolan Sydney , Dawed Adisu Abebe , Goodhew E. Brook , Gwyn Sarah , Hammou Jaouad , Kadri Boubacar , Kalua Khumbo , Maliki Ramatou , Nassirou Beido , Seife Fikre , Tadesse Zerihun , West Sheila K. , Wittberg Dionna M. , Zeru Tadege Taye , Arnold Benjamin F. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTrachoma, caused by ocular Chlamydia trachomatis infection, is targeted for global elimination as a public health problem by 2030. To provide evidence for use of antibodies to monitor C. trachomatis transmission, we collated IgG responses to Pgp3 antigen, PCR positivity, and clinical observations from 19,811 children aged 1–9 years in 14 populations. We demonstrate that age-seroprevalence curves consistently shift along a gradient of transmission intensity: rising steeply in populations with high levels of infection and active trachoma and becoming flat in populations near elimination. Seroprevalence (range: 0–54%) and seroconversion rates (range: 0–15 per 100 person-years) correlate with PCR prevalence (r: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.57, 0.97). A seroprevalence threshold of 13.5% (seroconversion rate 2.75 per 100 person-years) identifies clusters with any PCR-identified infection at high sensitivity ( >90%) and moderate specificity (69–75%). Antibody responses in young children provide a robust, generalizable approach to monitor population progress toward and beyond trachoma elimination.
Epigenetic suppression of PGC1α (PPARGC1A) causes collateral sensitivity to HMGCR-inhibitors within BRAF-treatment resistant melanomas
Authors: Liang Jiaxin , Yu Deyang , Luo Chi , Bennett Christopher , Jedrychowski Mark , Gygi Steve P. , Widlund Hans R. , Puigserver Pere 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWhile targeted treatment against BRAF(V600E) improve survival for melanoma patients, many will see their cancer recur. Here we provide data indicating that epigenetic suppression of PGC1α defines an aggressive subset of chronic BRAF-inhibitor treated melanomas. A metabolism-centered pharmacological screen further identifies statins (HMGCR inhibitors) as a collateral vulnerability within PGC1α-suppressed BRAF-inhibitor resistant melanomas. Lower PGC1α levels mechanistically causes reduced RAB6B and RAB27A expression, whereby their combined re-expression reverses statin vulnerability. BRAF-inhibitor resistant cells with reduced PGC1α have increased integrin-FAK signaling and improved extracellular matrix detached survival cues that helps explain their increased metastatic ability. Statin treatment blocks cell growth by lowering RAB6B and RAB27A prenylation that reduces their membrane association and affects integrin localization and downstream signaling required for growth. These results suggest that chronic adaptation to BRAF-targeted treatments drive novel collateral metabolic vulnerabilities, and that HMGCR inhibitors may offer a strategy to treat melanomas recurring with suppressed PGC1α expression.
Hierarchical fluctuation shapes a dynamic flow linked to states of consciousness
Authors: Li Ang , Liu Haiyang , Lei Xu , He Yini , Wu Qian , Yan Yan , Zhou Xin , Tian Xiaohan , Peng Yingjie , Huang Shangzheng , Li Kaixin , Wang Meng , Sun Yuqing , Yan Hao , Zhang Cheng , He Sheng , Han Ruquan , Wang Xiaoqun , Liu Bing 
Published: June 2023

AbstractConsciousness arises from the spatiotemporal neural dynamics, however, its relationship with neural flexibility and regional specialization remains elusive. We identified a consciousness-related signature marked by shifting spontaneous fluctuations along a unimodal-transmodal cortical axis. This simple signature is sensitive to altered states of consciousness in single individuals, exhibiting abnormal elevation under psychedelics and in psychosis. The hierarchical dynamic reflects brain state changes in global integration and connectome diversity under task-free conditions. Quasi-periodic pattern detection revealed that hierarchical heterogeneity as spatiotemporally propagating waves linking to arousal. A similar pattern can be observed in macaque electrocorticography. Furthermore, the spatial distribution of principal cortical gradient preferentially recapitulated the genetic transcription levels of the histaminergic system and that of the functional connectome mapping of the tuberomammillary nucleus, which promotes wakefulness. Combining behavioral, neuroimaging, electrophysiological, and transcriptomic evidence, we propose that global consciousness is supported by efficient hierarchical processing constrained along a low-dimensional macroscale gradient.
Synergism of a mixed diet of Myzus persicae and egg of Ephestia kuehniella on fitness of the predator Nabis stenoferus
Authors: Park Young-gyun , Kwon Minhyeok , Sarker Souvic , Lim Un Taek 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNabis stenoferus is a zoophytophagous predator that lives in grasslands around agricultural fields. It is a candidate biological control agent for use via augmentation or conservation. To find a suitable food source for mass-rearing and to better understand this predator’s biology, we compared the life history characteristics of N. stenoferus under the three different diets: aphids only (Myzus persicae), moth eggs only (Ephestia kuehniella), or a mixed diet of aphids and moth eggs. Interestingly, when only aphids were supplied, N. stenoferus developed to the adult stage but lacked normal levels of fecundity. There was a significant synergism of the mixed diet on N. stenoferus fitness in both the immature and adult stages, i.e., a 13% reduction in the nymphal developmental period and an 87.3-fold increase in fecundity, compared to aphid-only diet. Furthermore, the intrinsic rate of increase was significantly higher for the mixed diet (0.139) than either aphids only (0.022) or moth eggs only (0.097). These results show that M. persicae alone is not a complete diet for the mass-rearing of N. stenoferus, whereas this aphid can be a supplementary food when combined with E. kuehniella eggs. Implications and applications of these findings for biological control are discussed.
FDM data driven U-Net as a 2D Laplace PINN solver
Authors: Maria Antony Anto Nivin , Narisetti Narendra , Gladilin Evgeny 
Published: June 2023

AbstractEfficient solution of partial differential equations (PDEs) of physical laws is of interest for manifold applications in computer science and image analysis. However, conventional domain discretization techniques for numerical solving PDEs such as Finite Difference (FDM), Finite Element (FEM) methods are unsuitable for real-time applications and are also quite laborious in adaptation to new applications, especially for non-experts in numerical mathematics and computational modeling. More recently, alternative approaches to solving PDEs using the so-called Physically Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) received increasing attention because of their straightforward application to new data and potentially more efficient performance. In this work, we present a novel data-driven approach to solve 2D Laplace PDE with arbitrary boundary conditions using deep learning models trained on a large set of reference FDM solutions. Our experimental results show that both forward and inverse 2D Laplace problems can efficiently be solved using the proposed PINN approach with nearly real-time performance and average accuracy of 94% for different types of boundary value problems compared to FDM. In summary, our deep learning based PINN PDE solver provides an efficient tool with various applications in image analysis and computational simulation of image-based physical boundary value problems.
The capacity of action observation to drag the trainees' motor pattern toward the observed model
Authors: Bazzini Maria Chiara , Nuara Arturo , Branchini Giulio , De Marco Doriana , Ferrari Laura , Lanini Maria Chiara , Paolini Simone , Scalona Emilia , Avanzini Pietro , Fabbri-Destro Maddalena 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAction Observation Training (AOT) promotes the acquisition of motor abilities. However, while the cortical modulations associated with the AOT efficacy are well known, few studies investigated the AOT peripheral neural correlates and whether their dynamics move towards the observed model during the training. We administered seventy-two participants (randomized into AOT and Control groups) with training for learning to grasp marbles with chopsticks. Execution practice was preceded by an observation session, in which AOT participants observed an expert performing the task, whereas controls observed landscape videos. Behavioral indices were measured, and three hand muscles' electromyographic (EMG) activity was recorded and compared with the expert. Behaviorally, both groups improved during the training, with AOT outperforming controls. The EMG trainee-model similarity also increased during the training, but only for the AOT group. When combining behavioral and EMG similarity findings, no global relationship emerged; however, behavioral improvements were "locally" predicted by the similarity gain in muscles and action phases more related to the specific motor act. These findings reveal that AOT plays a magnetic role in motor learning, attracting the trainee's motor pattern toward the observed model and paving the way for developing online monitoring tools and neurofeedback protocols.
An efficient protocol for the synthesis of pyridines and hydroquinolones using IRMOF-3/GO/CuFe2O4 composite as a magnetically separable heterogeneous catalyst
Authors: Ghasemzadeh Mohammad Ali , Mirhosseini-Eshkevari Boshra , Dadashi Jaber 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study reports a facile and cost-effective technique for preparing magnetic copper ferrite nanoparticles supported on IRMOF-3/GO [IRMOF-3/GO/CuFe2O4]. The synthesized IRMOF-3/GO/CuFe2O4 was characterized with IR, SEM, TGA, XRD, BET, EDX, VSM, and elemental mapping. The prepared catalyst revealed higher catalytic behavior in synthesizing heterocyclic compounds through a one-pot reaction between various aromatic aldehydes, diverse primary amines, malononitrile, and dimedone under ultrasound irradiations. Among the notable features of this technique are higher efficiency, easy recovery from the reaction mixture, removal of a heterogeneous catalyst, and uncomplicated route. In this catalytic system, the activity level was almost constant after various stages of reuse and recovery.
Pulmonary embolism in United States emergency departments, 2010–2018
Authors: Hsu Shu-Hsien , Ko Chia-Hsin , Chou Eric H. , Herrala Jeffrey , Lu Tsung-Chien , Wang Chih-Hung , Chang Wei-Tien , Huang Chien-Hua , Tsai Chu-Lin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractLittle is known about pulmonary embolism (PE) in the United States emergency department (ED). This study aimed to describe the disease burden (visit rate and hospitalization) of PE in the ED and to investigate factors associated with its burden. Data were obtained from the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NHAMCS) from 2010 to 2018. Adult ED visits with PE were identified using the International Classification of Diseases codes. Analyses used descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression accounting for the NHAMCS’s complex survey design. Over the 9-year study period, there were an estimated 1,500,000 ED visits for PE, and the proportion of PE visits in the entire ED population increased from 0.1% in 2010–2012 to 0.2% in 2017–2018 (P for trend = 0.002). The mean age was 57 years, and 40% were men. Older age, obesity, history of cancer, and history of venous thromboembolism were independently associated with a higher proportion of PE, whereas the Midwest region was associated with a lower proportion of PE. The utilization of chest computed tomography (CT) scan appeared stable, which was performed in approximately 43% of the visits. About 66% of PE visits were hospitalized, and the trend remained stable. Male sex, arrival during the morning shift, and higher triage levels were independently associated with a higher hospitalization rate, whereas the fall and winter months were independently associated with a lower hospitalization rate. Approximately 8.8% of PE patients were discharged with direct-acting oral anticoagulants. The ED visits for PE continued to increase despite the stable trend in CT use, suggesting a combination of prevalent and incident PE cases in the ED. Hospitalization for PE remains common practice. Some patients are disproportionately affected by PE, and certain patient and hospital factors are associated with hospitalization decisions.
MTAP-ANRIL gene fusion promotes melanoma epithelial-mesenchymal transition-like process by activating the JNK and p38 signaling pathways
Authors: Lin Zhuoying , Lei Yu , Wen Mingyao , He Qin , Tian Dean , Xie Huaping 
Published: June 2023

AbstractGene fusions caused by cytogenetic aberrations play important roles in the initiation and progression of cancers. The recurrent MTAP-ANRIL fusion gene was reported to have a frequency of greater than 7% in melanoma in our previous study. However, its functions remain unclear. Truncated MTAP proteins resulting from point mutations in the last three exons of MTAP can physically interact with the wild-type MTAP protein, a tumor suppressor in several human cancers. Similarly, MTAP-ANRIL, which is translated into a truncated MTAP protein, would influence wild-type MTAP to act as an oncogene. Here, we found that MTAP-ANRIL gene fusion downregulated the expression of wild-type MTAP and promoted epithelial-mesenchymal transition-like process through the activation of JNK and p38 MAPKs in vitro and in vivo. Our results suggest that MTAP-ANRIL is a potential molecular prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for melanoma.
Insights into the photovoltaic properties of indium sulfide as an electron transport material in perovskite solar cells
Authors: Dastan Davoud , Mohammed Mustafa K. A. , Al-Mousoi Ali K. , Kumar Anjan , Salih Sinan Q. , JosephNg P. S. , Ahmed Duha S. , Pandey Rahul , Yaseen Zaher Mundher , Hossain M. Khalid 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAccording to recent reports, planar structure-based organometallic perovskite solar cells (OPSCs) have achieved remarkable power conversion efficiency (PCE), making them very competitive with the more traditional silicon photovoltaics. A complete understanding of OPSCs and their individual parts is still necessary for further enhancement in PCE. In this work, indium sulfide (In2S3)-based planar heterojunction OPSCs were proposed and simulated with the SCAPS (a Solar Cell Capacitance Simulator)-1D programme. Initially, OPSC performance was calibrated with the experimentally fabricated architecture (FTO/In2S3/MAPbI3/Spiro-OMeTAD/Au) to evaluate the optimum parameters of each layer. The numerical calculations showed a significant dependence of PCE on the thickness and defect density of the MAPbI3 absorber material. The results showed that as the perovskite layer thickness increased, the PCE improved gradually but subsequently reached a maximum at thicknesses greater than 500 nm. Moreover, parameters involving the series resistance as well as the shunt resistance were recognized to affect the performance of the OPSC. Most importantly, a champion PCE of over 20% was yielded under the optimistic simulation conditions. Overall, the OPSC performed better between 20 and 30 °C, and its efficiency rapidly decreases above that temperature.
Speech Prosody and Reading Comprehension in Chinese–English Bilingual Children: The Mediating Role of Syntactic Awareness
Authors: Tong Xiuhong , Deng Qinli , Tong Shelley Xiuli 
Published: June 2023

Purpose:Although children's prosodic sensitivity links with their reading comprehension, the factors affecting this link remain unclear. By simultaneously measuring first language (L1) Chinese and second language (L2) English prosodic sensitivity and reading comprehension, this study examined the mediating role of syntactic awareness on prosody–reading comprehension among Hong Kong Chinese–English bilingual children.Method:A group of 227 Hong Kong Chinese–English bilingual fourth graders completed L1 and L2 prosodic sensitivity (Cantonese lexical tone awareness and English prosodic sensitivity), syntactic awareness, and reading comprehension and control measures of cognitive (nonverbal IQ, short-term memory, and working memory), metalinguistic (phonological awareness and morphological awareness), linguistic (vocabulary knowledge), and word reading skills.Results:The within-language analyses showed a partial mediation effect of Chinese syntactic awareness on the relation between Cantonese lexical tone awareness and Chinese reading comprehension, but a full mediation effect of English syntactic awareness on the relation between English prosodic sensitivity and English reading comprehension. The cross-language analyses revealed a significant direct effect of Cantonese lexical tone awareness on English reading comprehension and a significant indirect effect of English prosodic sensitivity on Chinese reading comprehension via Chinese syntactic awareness.Conclusion:These findings suggest that, despite the language-independent mediating role of syntactic awareness in bridging prosody and reading comprehension, the degree of this mediation is shaped by language-specific prosody and its relations with other linguistic structures, including semantics.
Estimation of Heavy Metal Accumulation in Cardiac Tissue of Gallus gallus Within Polluted Areas
Authors: Mahmood Bashar Shaker 
Published: June 2023

Objective: this research investigates the concentration of heavy metal (Pb, Fe, Cu, Cd and Zn) bio accumulation in cardiac tissue in samples taken from areas near oil fields and brick factories. Method: Atomic absorption spectrometry analysis of powdered, air-dried, acid-digested materials to determine lead, cadmium, zinc, iron, and copper concentrations.
Results: The result showed that Zn and Cd were within normal range for samples from both studied areas. Whereas, Cu and Fe with high concentration, Pb in the other hand result showed the concentration of the mineral in samples form brick factories where within normal limits while in samples from oil fields were above the normal limits. Furthermore, the concentration was higher in samples taken from oil fields than those of the brick factories.
Conclusion: It has been shown that some of these metals were estimated within normal concentration a further investigation on another animals and human are recommended to consider these metals are safe and are not considered as hazard to human health. In contrast other metals were estimated with high concentration that reported by other studies to be hazard on human health.
Why can’t Siri sing? Cultural narratives that constrain female singing voices in AI
Authors: Lawson Francesca R. Sborgi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDespite the remarkable technological accomplishments in the areas of speaking and singing in AI research, this paper builds upon James W. Carey’s premise that technology is a totem for culture (1990), arguing that YouTube listeners sometimes experience highly charged emotional responses, such as anxiety, pleasure, and musical chills, when listening to the singing voices of Siri, Alexa, and Sophia the robot—responses that reveal an underlying cultural narrative that female singing voices (even robotic ones) are simultaneously fascinating and frightening. This narrative supports Kate Manne’s definition of misogyny as an enforcement strategy (2018), which is operative in several ways female computer voices are controlled and contained. Examples of policing mechanisms inherent in creating and responding to female-gendered computer voices include (1) maintaining age-old stereotypes about singing women, (2) programming virtual assistants to be servile, and (3) encouraging ridicule in YouTube videos to downplay the fear that has been associated with female singing voices since the dawn of Western antiquity. Thus, while research in AI continues to develop technologically, examining underlying cultural narratives about women’s singing voices may be at least as important as developing sophisticated algorithms in shaping future directions for creating female-sounding vocality in AI.
Gate electrostatic controllability enhancement in nanotube gate all around field effect transistor
Authors: Qin Laixiang , Li Chunlai , Wei Yiqun , Xie Ziang , He Jin 
Published: June 2023

Recently, short channel effects (SCE) and power consumption dissipation problems impose tremendous challenges that need imperative actions to be taken to deal with for field effect transistor to further scale down as semiconductor technology enters into sub-10 nm technology node. From 3 nm technology node and beyond, gate all around field effect transistor steps onto the history stage attributed to its improved SCE suppressing ability thanks to surrounding gate structure. Herein, we demonstrate the super electrostatic control ability of a double-gated nanotube gate all around field effect transistor (DG NT GAAFET) in comparison with nanotube (NT GAAFET) and nanowire gate all around field effect transistor (NW GAAFET) with the same device parameters designed. Ion boosts of 62% and 57% have been obtained in DG NT GAAFET in comparison with those of NT GAAFET and NW GAAFET. In addition, substantially suppressed SCEs have been obtained in DG NT GAAFET due to enhanced electrostatic control, which are certificated by improved Ioff, subthreshold swing (SS), and Ion/Ioff ratio obtained. On the other hand, the Ion of NT GAAFET is comparable with that of NW GAA-FET. Whereas its Ioff is 1 order smaller, SS is almost two times smaller compared with those of NW GAA-FET, manifesting the meliority of nanotube channel structure. In the end, the robustness of nanotube channel structure, especially double gated one, against channel length (Lg) scaling has been verified with Technology Computer Aided Design (TCAD) simulation study.