bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Partnership between bees and flowers: Fine-tuned feeding speed and nectar sugar concentration facilitate energy rewards and pollination service
Authors: Wu Jianing , Sun Yu , Liang Zhanhao , Tan Shiyong , Wu Zhigang , Pan Zhao 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The interaction between bee pollinators and flowering plants lays the foundation of biodiversity and food production for human livelihoods, with three out of four crops worldwide relying on this interaction. The ongoing success of this mutualism is pow-ered by the bilateral and potentially dueling demands of food procurement for polli-nators and sexual reproduction for plants. However, the underlying mechanisms of the mutualism, which must simultaneously fulfil the requirements from both sides, remain unexplored. Here we establish a biomechanical framework that combines la-boratory tests and mathematical models to investigate the relationship between bees and plants, using the feeding speed of bees and the nectar sugar concentration of flowers as the core factors. We find that both the optimal frequency of a bee dipping nectar and the nectar sugar concentration are delicately balanced over narrow ranges to simultaneously satisfy demands of both parties of the mutualism. Human activities and climate change can perturb this balanced interaction, which would be detri-mental to this critical pollination system essential to staple crops around the world.
ALPK1 regulates Synovitis in the Temporomandibular Joint via Promoting Nuclear PKM2-Mediated M1 Macrophage Polarization
Authors: Zhao Jie , Feng Yaping , Liu Xin , Li Huimin , Guo Huilin , Ke Jin , Long Xing 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
ALPK1 (Alpha-kinase 1) was shown to be expressed on macrophages and associated with a variety of inflammatory diseases. The goal of this study was to clarify whether ALPK1 activation influences macrophage polarization, inducing inflammatory cytokine release and then contributes to synovial inflammation of TMJ. This study demonstrated that ALPK1 was highly upregulated not only in the synovial fluid of patients with TMJ synovitis, but also in the inflamed TMJ synovium of patients, especially located in synovial macrophages. Furthermore, ALPK1 knockout mice exhibited limited infiltration of macrophages and decreased expression levels of M1 macrophage-associated genes in CFA-induced TMJ inflammation. Meanwhile, our in-vitro study demonstrated that recombinant human ALPK1 (rhALPK1) could promote the expression of INOS, CD86, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6, and nuclear translocation of PKM2 in RAW264.7 cells. Besides, one of PKM2 agonists, DASA-58, significantly reversed the enhanced production of INOS, CD86, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 induced by rhALPK1 in these cells. Collectively, we identified that the ALPK1 could regulate M1 macrophage polarization via promoting nuclear translocation of PKM2 and thereby contributing to development of TMJ synovitis.
Impact of Covid-19 on access to paediatric surgery in Teso sub-region, Eastern Uganda
Authors: Ajiko Mary margaret Ajiko , Ekblad Solvig , Ocen Innocent , Wange Aaron Edward , Nordin Pär , Wladis Andreas , Löfgren Jenny 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic posed a significant threat to healthcare systems worldwide. Efforts to contain the pandemic, including lock-down and cancellation of elective surgery, increased barriers to healthcare. Its impact on the access to surgical care of children in less resourced contexts is not known. This study investigated how paediatric surgical services was affected during the pandemic in the Teso sub-region in Eastern Uganda. Data were collected from theatre logbooks about surgical activity before and during the pandemic (2019–2021). Data about health workers’ and parents’ experience of how access to surgical service for children was affected during the Covid-19 pandemic were collected through interviews. Total surgical procedures for children increased by 24% between 2019 (n = 1407) and 2021 (n = 1751). Procedures performed for pregnancy-related conditions increased most (58.3% increment). 12 parents and 25 health workers participated in the interviews. Using reflexive thematic analysis, two themes emerged. A reduction of surgical service delivery was expected as barriers to surgical care increased in several ways. However, the number of surgical procedures performed increased compared to before the pandemic. Many lessons were learned, and health care system was reinforced. This is an important momentum for building a resilient health care system for future challenges.
Decision makers find it difficult to compare and select similar systematic reviews based on quality, methods and results: a cross-sectional survey
Authors: Lunny Carole , Whitelaw Sera , Chi Yuan , Zhang Jia He , Ferri Nicola , Kanji Salmaan , Pieper Dawid , Shea Beverley , Dourka Jasmeen , Veroniki Areti Angeliki , Arden Clare L , Pham Ba' , Reid Emma K , Bagheri Ebrahim , Tricco Andrea C 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Systematic reviews (SRs) are being published at an accelerated rate. Decision makers are often faced with the challenge of comparing and choosing between multiple SRs on the same topic. We surveyed individuals in the healthcare field to understand what criteria they use to compare and select one or more SRs from multiple on the same topic.
Methods
We developed a survey with 21 open and closed questions. We disseminated it through social media and professional networks.
Results
Of the 684 respondents, 25% were health practitioners, 9% policymakers, 39% researchers, and 13% were students. Policymakers, practitioners and researchers frequently sought out SRs (98.1%) as a source of evidence to inform decision making. They frequently (97.7%) found more than one SR on a given topic of interest to them. Half (50%) struggled to choose the most valid and trustworthy SR amongst multiple. These difficulties related to lack of time (55.2%), insufficient skills/ experience in quality appraisal (27.7%), and difficulty comparing different SRs (54.3%). Respondents compared SRs based on: relevance to their question of interest; its methodological quality, and recency of SR search date.
Conclusions
The exponential growth in the number of SRs leads to duplication of research on similar questions and compounds the problem of identifying which evidence is of the highest quality for decision makers. Failure to critically appraise and choose the highest quality SRs means that practice and policy decisions may not reflect the best evidence, the implementation of better intervention strategies is delayed, and patients may unduly suffer.
Half effective dose of rimazolam combined with a subanesthetic dose of esketamine inhibiting response to gastroscopy insertion in elderly patients
Authors: Yu Jian , Sun Liang , Zhang Haidong , Zhu Chunhua , Qi Yingkai 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Objective To investigate the half effective dose of rimazolam inhibiting response to gastroscopy insertion when combined with a subanesthetic dose of esketamine in elderly patients.
Methods Twenty-six elderly patients, of any gender, aged 65-73 years, with body mass index 19-26 kg/m2 and ASA physical state I or II, who underwent painless gastroscopy in Cangzhou Central Hospital from January to May 2022 were selected. Intravenous esketamine 0.25 mg/kg and test dose rimazolam were administered sequentially, and the initial dose of rimazolam was 0.2 mg/kg. The dose of the next patient was determined according to the modified sequential method. If the patient had choking or somatic movement reaction when the gastroscope was placed, it was judged as positive, and the dose of rimazolam in the next patient was increased by one gradient; otherwise, the dose of rimazolam in the next patient was decreased by one gradient, and the dose of adjacent rimazolam was graded to 0.01 mg/kg according to the equal difference method.Termination of the study at the presence of seven positive-negative reaction crossover points. Probit analysis was used to calculate the median effective dose(ED50)and the corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI)． The occurrence of adverse effects such as dizziness, nausea and vomiting, muscle twitching, hypoxemia, hypotension, bradycardia, and postoperative cognitive impairment were recorded.
Results The ED50 of rimazolam combined with esketamine 0.25 mg/kg inhibiting response to gastroscopy insertion in patients was 0.177 mg/kg (95% CI: 0.161-0.184mg/kg). The total dose of remimazolam was (11.4±3.6) mg, the gastroscope diagnosis and treatment time was (7.5±2.5), the recovery time was (10.2±3.8) min and the stay time in the resuscitation room was (8.4±3.2) min. Postoperative dizziness occurred in 1 case, postoperative weakness in 1 case, and postoperative nausea and vomiting in 1 case; no other adverse reactions were found.
Conclusion The ED50 of rimazolam combined with esketamine 0.25 mg/kg inhibiting response to gastroscopy insertion in elderly patients was 0.177 mg/kg, with no significant circulatory and respiratory adverse effects.
Selection of insecticides, determitionof applying timing and times, and establishment of dynamic economic threshold on sweet corn for the invasive Spodoptera frugiperda in tropical Asia
Authors: Shi Jiayan , He Xing , Lyu Baoqian , Lu Hui , Tang Jihong , Zhang Qikai , Qiu Haiyan , Yan Sanqiang , Wan Peng , Liu Zhuo 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith) (FAW; Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a migratory corn pest that causes major yield losses globally. In the (sub-)tropics, extensive FAW feeding damage regularly triggers the over-use of high-risk chemical insecticides and thereby deepens smallholder poverty vulnerability. In this study, we compared field efficacy of chlorfenapyr, spinetoram, chlorantraniliprole, cyantraniliprole and gauged their effects on FAW infestation dynamics in Hainan (China). Based upon an empirical assessment of how insecticide application frequency at different corn phenological stages affects yield and net (farmgate) income, we equally defined a dynamic, stage-specific economic threshold (ET). Overall, chlorantraniliprole had the highest efficacy at 80.69% over a 7-day period. Across treatments, FAW infestation levels ranged between 16.00–120.75% and peaked during early vegetative (V6) and silking stages (R1). While corn yields were highest for four or five spray applications of chlorantraniliprole, net income declined markedly after 5–7 applications. By accounting for variable input and corn prices, a dynamic ET was calculated. ET values for FAW larvae ranged between 7.77–13.10, 17.47–33.25, 24.89–46.52, and 12.44–21.78 per 100 plants at V4–V6, V8–V10, V12–V14, and VT–R1 stages in 2021 and 2022, respectively. The ETs of this study lower than the action threshold proposed in Colombia. Further communication and enforcement of those ETs is key to implementing economically-sound and environmentally-responsible pest management. As such, our study provides baseline information to advance integrated pest management (IPM) and resolve insecticide-induced externalities in FAW-invaded corn cropping systems across (sub-)tropical Asia.
An implementation of Secure Cloud Computing mechanism for transactions using Blockchain Technology
Authors: Hasan Muhammad Zulkifl , Hussain Muhammad Zunnurain , Qureshi Adnan Nabeel , Mustafa Ghulam 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Blockchain is a system recording data that makes it difficult or impossible to alter, hack, or defraud the system. A blockchain is a digital ledger of transactions replicated and distributed over computer servers. Blockchain technology is a significant new financial innovation radically reshaping corporate transactions. It is a decentralized network that supports and employs multiple encryption algorithms. These safe, robust, and adaptable transactions are incorporated into another significant computer paradigm, cloud computing. This paper implements a blockchain-based secure method to make the cloud secure. Initially, the transactions are recorded in the blockchain using the SHA-256 cryptographic algorithm. After that, transactions are serialized, and block features are cached. Thirdly, the blockchain created new blocks after fulfilling desired requirements and performing transactions. Furthermore, the transaction is monitored by using the Merkle tree method in each step of the transaction to make it more secure and trustworthy. However, the research also highlighted the gaps and the impact of the gaps in the current work.
Discovery of key lipids from Panax quinquefolius against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity based on a zebrafish model
Authors: hu kaiqng , Wang Huan , Wang Haiyang , Li Taiping , Li Zhenyu , Wang Songsong , Han Liwen 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Objective To discover novel pharmacodynamic substances fromPanax quinquefoliusagainst doxorubicin (Dox)-induced cardiotoxicity using a zebrafish model. Methods AB line zebrafish embryos at 30h post-fertilization (hdf) were exposed to Dox (30 µM) for 42h and the heart rate, stroke volume, cardiac area, and fractional shortening of larval zebrafish were used to assess cardiotoxicity. The lipid sample fromPanax quinquefolius(PQL) was evaluated the protection of doxorubicin- induced cardiotoxicity compared with the lipids from soybean (SOL) and egg yolk (YOL). The three lipids were analysed using lipidomics techniques based on Q Exactive LC-MS/MS to screen differential lipids. The key lipid was verified the activity against doxorubicin- induced cardiotoxicity using the zebrafish model. Results PQL could significantly alleviate the Dox-induced the decreased heart rate, decreased stroke volume, and decreased fractional shortening (%) on the zebrafish model. 216 differential metabolites were identified, among which the unsaturated fatty acids were the crucial difference components between the three lipid samples. The 18 carbon fatty acids with four carbon–carbon double bonds (FA (18:4)) had been identified and be as a remarkable active compound with protection of Dox-induced cardiotoxicity on the zebrafish model. Conclusion In this research, PQL was discovered firstly to exhibit notable activity against Dox-induced cardiotoxicity in zebrafish, and FA (18:4) was identified as a novel key active component from PQ.
Antibiotics Susceptibility testing of Meropenem-resistant bacterial isolates from pigs in some selected farms in Ado Ekiti
Authors: Ekundayo Olajumoke kemi , Oyinloye Mofoluwaso Josiah Adedeji 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Antibiotic resistance has been a global problem, especially in the clinical setting, however little is known about antibiotics resistance, especially Meropenem resistance in pigs in Ekiti which is broad spectrum and mostly used as a last resort for ill patients harboring resistant strains in animals and understanding the molecular basis of resistance will help in combating the rate of resistance
Methods
This study was basically focused on farm animals especially pigs and a total of 100 samples were collected from the rectum of pigs in selected farms. Bacterial isolates were isolated using conventional methods of isolation of bacteria, antibiotics susceptibility testing using single oxoid disc of Gentamycin (30µg), Fosfomycin (100µg), Nitrofurantoin (300µg), Tigercycline (15 µg), and Polymyxin b (200µg) (Yohei et al., 2021) and Molecular identification by PCR (Mahmoud et al.,2020) and Multiplex PCR was used to determine the presence of carbapenemase genes. Evolutionary analyses were conducted using Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis version 11 software (MEGA11).
Results
The result showed that about 13 bacterial isolates were identified from species of Proteus mirabilis, Providencia alcalifaciens, E.coli, Shigella flexneri, Enterococcus faecalis and Bacillus cereus. All 13 bacterial isolate sequences have been submitted to the NCBI database with their accession numbers ON715737- ON715749. The most effective antibiotics for the treatment of Meropenem-resistant bacteria were Gentamycin (92.86%), Fosfomycin (92.86%), Tigercycline (92.86%), Nitrofurantoin (85.71%) , and Polymyxin b (64.23%. All the bacterial isolates have one or more carbapenemase genes except Bacillus cereus (MR5) and Enterococcus feacalis (Fr2) . the percentage occurrence of carbapenemase genes in bacterial isolates with the highest from blaNDM, 9(42.85) ,blaVIM 5(23.81), blaOXA-48, 3(14.29), blakpc, 2(9.52), blaspm 1(4.76)and , blaIPM 1(4.76) respectively
Conclusions
Finding from the research has revealed that carbapenamase producing bacterial has been isolated from farm animal especially pig in Ado Ekiti and most of the bacterial isolates produces resistant genes that are plasmid mediated which makes the resistance to be acquired and can easily spread and cause high mortality rate, especially to humans beings. Therefore more research should be focused on other farm animals, farm managers, and environments where farm animals are reared
Primary CNS extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma: an unusual localization and clinical presentation
Authors: Fiorentino Vincenzo , Pizzimenti Cristina , Pierconti Francesco , Lentini Maria , Ieni Antonio , Caffo Maria , Angileri Filippo , Tuccari Giovanni , Fadda Guido , Martini Maurizio , Larocca Luigi Maria 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Primary Central Nervous System (CNS) extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma (MZBL) is a rare low-grade non-Hodgkin lymphoma, characterized predominantly by small B cells, plasma cells, monocytoid cells, and scattered large immunoblasts. Primary CNS MZBL is a slow-growing tumour that remains localized and is characterized by an excellent clinical prognosis.
Case presentation:
A 48-year-old HIV-negative female with a history of a head trauma a year earlier, presented with worsening neurological symptoms and an MRI finding of an extra-axial mass of about 3 cm within the left lateral ventricle. From histopathology and immunohistochemistry, the lesion was diagnosed as a CNS MZBL: since no other primary lesions were found, the base of the chorioid plexuses of the left lateral ventricle was considered the primary site.
Conclusions
The current case is the first literature reported primary CNS MZBL arising in this anatomical site and paves the way for further studies on the role of chronic inflammation (in our case resulting from a trauma) in the pathogenesis not only of primary CNS MZBLs, but also of lymphomas in general. Additionally, it could be a starting point for studies analyzing the role of meningothelial cells in the pathogenesis of primary CNS MZBL.
Reduced risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic hepatitis B receiving long-term besifovir therapy
Authors: Yim Hyung Joon , Jung Young Kul , Ahn Sang Hoon , Kim Won , Yang Jin Mo , Jang Jae Young , Kweon Yong Oh , Cho Yong Kyun , Kim Yoon Jun , Hong Gun Young , Kim Dong Joon , Sohn Joo Hyun , Lee Jin Woo , Park Sung Jae , Yim Sun Young , Park Jin Kyung , Um Soon Ho 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background/aims

No information is available regarding the influence of besifovir (BSV) on the occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). This study aimed to assess the reduced risk of HCC in patients undergoing BSV treatment.

Methods

Overall, 188 patients with CHB were treated with BSV for up to 8 years. We assessed the incidence of HCC during follow-up and compared it with the predictive numbers of HCC using models developed from untreated CHB patients. Additionally, we compared the performance of various HCC prediction models developed for patients with CHB receiving antiviral therapy.

Results

During the follow-up period of 8 years, five patients developed HCC; one of 139 patients with non-cirrhotic CHB, and four of 49 patients with liver cirrhosis. We compared the HCC incidence in non-cirrhotic patients with the predicted number derived from the REACH-B model. The standardized incidence ratio (SIR) was 0.128 (P = 0.039) at 7 years, suggesting a significant decrease in HCC incidence in non-cirrhotic CHB patients. The incidence of HCC in patients with cirrhosis was compared using the GAG-HCC model, and the SIR was 0.371 (P = 0.047) at 7.5 years, suggesting a significantly decreased HCC incidence. When we compared several HCC prediction models developed for CHB patients under antiviral therapy, the HCC-RESCUE model showed the highest area under the curve (0.924).

Conclusions

BSV decreases the risk of HCC in patients with CHB, with or without liver cirrhosis. HCC prediction was available for BSV-treated patients using the existing prediction models.

Clinical trial registry website and trial number:

ClinicalTrials.gov no: NCT01937806.
The impact of synbiotic on serum paraoxonase 1, (sCD163/sTWEAK) and lipid profile in patients with chronic heart failure: a randomized, triple-blind, controlled trial
Authors: Matin Shakiba Shoaei , Shidfar Farzad , Naderi Nasim , Amin Ahmad , Hosseini-Baharanchi Fatemeh Sadat , dehnad Afsaneh 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: Cardiovascular disease is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Evidence suggests that alterations in the gut microbiome could play a role in cardiovascular diseases including heart failure.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of synbiotics on serum paraoxonase 1(PON1), (sCD163/sTWEAK) and lipid profile, which are involved in heart failure in patients with chronic heart failure.
Method: In this triple-blind randomized clinical trial, 90 eligible patients were included in the study. They were randomly assigned to receive one capsule (500 mg) of synbiotics or a placebo per day for 10 weeks. serum paraoxonase 1(PON1), (sCD163/sTWEAK), and lipid profile were measured at the beginning and end of the study. The data were analyzed by SPSS 24, and the p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Result: Among 90 patients who met the inclusion criteria, 80 patients completed the study. At the end of the intervention, and after adjusting for the effect of confounders, the levels of total cholesterol (TC), LDL-c, Triglyceride and TC/HDL-C showed a significant decrease. However, we found no significant differences between the groups when considering other study indices.
Conclusion: A favorable effect of synbiotics on the lipid profile of patients with heart failure was observed, but no statistically significant effect was found on paraoxinase1, sCD163, and sTWEAK factors
Registration number: IRCT20091114002709N55