bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inferring Aggregate Market Expectations from the Cross Section of Stock Prices
Authors: Bali Turan G. , Nichols D. Craig , Weinbaum David 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe introduce a new approach to estimating long-term aggregate discount rates using the cross section of earnings and book values to explain current stock prices and extract expected market returns. The proposed discount rate measure is countercyclical. Shocks to it account for nearly half of historical market return variation; in contrast, shocks to other discount rate measures account for no more than 2%. It dominates other measures in explaining time-series variation in returns on duration-sorted portfolios and delivers out-of-sample predictability that exceeds that afforded by other expected return measures and predictive variables. It also performs well in international equity markets.
Particle-in-cell simulations of Alfvén wave parametric decay in a low-beta plasma
Authors: González C.A. , Innocenti Maria Elena , Tenerani Anna 
Published: April 2023

We study the parametric decay instability of parallel-propagating Alfvén waves in a low-beta plasma using one-dimensional fully kinetic simulations. We focus for the first time on the conversion of the energy stored in the initial Alfvén wave into particle internal energy, and on its partition between particle species. We show that compressible fluctuations generated by the decay of the pump wave into a secondary ion-acoustic mode and a reflected Alfvén wave contribute to the gain of internal energy via two distinct mechanisms. First, the ion-acoustic mode leads nonlinearly to proton trapping and proton phase-space mixing, in agreement with previous work based on hybrid simulations. Second, during the nonlinear stage, a compressible front of the fast type develops at the steepened edge of the backward Alfvén wave leading to a field-aligned proton beam propagating backwards at the Alfvén speed. We find that parametric decay heats preferentially protons, which gain approximately 50 % of the pump wave energy in the form of internal energy. However, we find that electrons are also energized and that they contribute to the total energy balance by gaining 10 % of the pump wave energy. By investigating energy partition and particle heating during parametric decay, our results contribute to the determination of the role of compressible and kinetic effects in wave-driven models of the solar wind.
Divine Representation in Documentary Style: Gods on the Columns of Trajan and Marcus Aurelius
Authors: Runeckles Thomas 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis article examines the important roles played by gods in the friezes of the Columns of Trajan and Marcus Aurelius and argues that they are treated in a distinctive ‘documentary’ style, comparable in certain ways to accounts of divine action in Roman historiography and designed to produce a compelling narrative effect. First, the Columns and the deities they depict are discussed. The article then looks at cognate descriptions of gods in historiographical texts. Finally, other contemporary monuments that portray the gods are briefly examined to bring out further the distinctive character of the gods on the Columns. This analysis will be seen to have wider implications for our understanding of ‘historical narrative reliefs’ and imperial representation.
Bidirectional cross-linguistic influence with different-script languages: Evidence from eye tracking
Authors: Taylor Jamie , Mukai Yoichi 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis study compared patterns of nonselective cross-language activation in L1 and L2 visual word recognition with different-script bilinguals. The aim was to determine (1) whether lexical processing is nonselective in the L1 (as in L2), and (2) if the same cross-linguistic factors affected processing similarly in each language. To examine the time course of activation, eye movements were tracked during lexical decision. Thirty-two Japanese–English bilinguals responded to 250 target words in Japanese and in English. The same participants and items (i.e., cognate translation equivalents) were used to directly compare L1 and L2 processing. Response latencies as well as eye movements representing early and late processing were analyzed using mixed-effects regression modeling. Similar cross-linguistic effects, namely cognate word frequency, phonological similarity, and semantic similarity, were found in both languages. These factors affected processing to different degrees in each language, however. While cognate frequency was significant as early as the first fixation, effects of cross-linguistic phonological and semantic similarity arose later in time. Increased phonological similarity slowed responses in L2 but speeded them in L1, while greater semantic overlap was facilitatory in both languages. Results are discussed from the perspective of the BIA+ model of visual word recognition.
Oh help! Oh no! The international politics of The Gruffalo: Children’s picturebooks and world politics
Authors: Jarvis Lee , Robinson Nick 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe article explores the complicity of children’s picturebooks in the construction and critique of world politics. Focusing on The Gruffalo, it argues that this spectacularly successful book: (1) stories the international as a pessimistic, anarchical world populated by self-interested, survival-seekers; (2) disrupts this reading and its assumptions through evocation of the social production of threat; and, (3) provides a more fundamental decolonial critique of the international through parochial privileging of its protagonist’s journey through a ‘deep dark wood’. In doing this, we argue, the book vividly demonstrates the world’s susceptibility to multiple incompatible readings, while rendering visible the assumptions, framing, and occlusions of competing understandings of the international. As such, it theorises both world politics and knowledge thereof as contingent and unstable. In making this argument, three contributions are made. First, empirically, we expand research on popular culture and world politics through investigating a surprisingly neglected example of the former. Second, theoretically, we demonstrate the work such texts perform in (re)creating and (de)stabilising (knowledge of) global politics. Third, we offer a composite methodological framework for future research into the context, content, and framing of complex texts like The Gruffalo.
Regulatory, health technology assessment and company interactions: the current landscape and future ecosystem for drug development, review and reimbursement
Authors: Wang Ting , McAuslane Neil , Goettsch Wim G. , Leufkens Hubert G.M. , De Bruin Marie L. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background
Multi-stakeholder interactions have evolved at product and policy levels. There is a need to assess the current and future landscape of interactions between companies, and regulatory and HTA agencies to address challenges and identify areas for improvement.

Objectives
The aims of this study were to review the current interactions within and across regulatory and HTA agencies, and companies’ experiences in engaging in these activities; to assess the added value of interactions as well as limitations; to explore the future ecosystem for stakeholder interactions.

Method
Three separate questionnaires were developed for companies, regulators and HTA agencies, respectively, to assess their experiences and perceptions. The responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics and discussed at a multi-stakeholder workshop. Key outcomes from the surveys and workshop discussion were reported.

Results
All seven regulators and seven HTA agencies in the survey indicated that they had stakeholder interactions. More formal collaboration occurred with regulators compared with HTA agencies. All nine companies have taken early advice but indicated the need for future prioritization. Success indicators can be built at the product and therapy levels, with the added value of faster patient access. Four principles were proposed for the future ecosystem: separate remit and functions between regulators and HTA; align processes; converge evidence requirements where possible; increase transparency.

Conclusions
This research brought together regulators, HTA agencies, companies to examine how they interact with one another. We propose measures of value and make recommendations on future evolution to enable better evidence generation and improve regulatory and HTA decision-making.
Intermediate-scale statistics for real-valued lacunary sequences
Authors: YESHA NADAV 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe study intermediate-scale statistics for the fractional parts of the sequence
$\left(\alpha a_{n}\right)_{n=1}^{\infty}$
, where
$\left(a_{n}\right)_{n=1}^{\infty}$
is a positive, real-valued lacunary sequence, and
$\alpha\in\mathbb{R}$
. In particular, we consider the number of elements
$S_{N}\!\left(L,\alpha\right)$
in a random interval of length
$L/N$
, where
$L=O\!\left(N^{1-\epsilon}\right)$
, and show that its variance (the number variance) is asymptotic to L with high probability w.r.t.
$\alpha$
, which is in agreement with the statistics of uniform i.i.d. random points in the unit interval. In addition, we show that the same asymptotic holds almost surely in
$\alpha\in\mathbb{R}$
when
$L=O\!\left(N^{1/2-\epsilon}\right)$
. For slowly growing L, we further prove a central limit theorem for
$S_{N}\!\left(L,\alpha\right)$
which holds for almost all
$\alpha\in\mathbb{R}$
.
Current trends and future directions in the rural history of later medieval England (c. 1200–c. 1500)
Authors: Briggs Chris 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis article surveys a range of work on the later medieval English countryside published since 2000, and offers some predictions and suggestions about future research. It shows that the field of ‘rural history’ has rarely been closely defined, and indeed has tended to be treated as a broad church that can accommodate many different kinds of approach, themselves drawing on a variety of disciplinary traditions. The article identifies and discusses recent and current innovation and creativity in research within two such broad approaches, one mainly ‘economic’, the other ‘cultural’. It concludes by arguing for the gains that can be enjoyed through the combination of elements of the two approaches, and especially through a renewed emphasis on the illumination of the general through an intensive focus on the local.
The prevalence and nature of COLAs in public sector retirement plans
Authors: Fitzpatrick Maria D. , Goda Gopi Shah 
Published: April 2023

AbstractState and local employees comprise a significant proportion of the workforce and are largely covered by defined benefit pensions. Many of these retirement plans have been facing funding gaps, but legal restrictions often prevent them from reducing benefits for current employees. However, retirement plans can reduce liabilities by changing cost-of-living adjustments, or COLAs, which are commonly applied to benefits each year to allow retirees to maintain purchasing power in retirement. In this study, we examine the prevalence of COLAs in public sector retirement plans through original data collection for 49 plans in 30 states, which cover approximately 52% of public sector workers overall. Among these samples, on average 45% of workers each year experienced some change in COLAs between 2005 and 2018, with more than half of these workers experiencing negative changes. We consider stylized examples of public sector workers subject to reductions in COLAs to understand how COLAs may affect workers’ retirement decisions. Our analysis suggests that eliminating a 3% COLA could delay retirement of affected workers by approximately 4.5 months.
Associations between Latino ethnicity and the use of emotional support and completion of advance directives
Authors: Shen Megan Johnson , Prigerson Holly G. , Maciejewski Paul K. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectivesLatino patients have been shown to engage in advance care planning (ACP) at much lower rates than non-Latino White patients. Coping strategies, such as the use of emotional support, may differentially relate to engagement in ACP among Latino and non-Latino patients. The present study sought to examine the moderating effect of ethnicity on the relationship between the use of emotional support as a coping strategy and completion of advance directives.MethodsThe present study employed a weighted sample (Nw = 185) of Latino and non-Latino White patient participants in Coping with Cancer III, an National Institutes of Health–sponsored, multisite, longitudinal, observational cohort study of patients with advanced cancer and their informal caregivers and oncology providers designed to evaluate Latino/non-Latino disparities in ACP and end-of-life cancer care. Main and interaction effects of Latino ethnicity and use of emotional support on patient use of advance directives were estimated as odds ratios.ResultsUse of emotional support was associated with dramatically lower do-not-resuscitate (DNR) order completion to a greater extent among Latino as compared to non-Latino patients (interaction AOR = 0.33, p = 0.005). Interaction effects were not statistically significant for living will or health-care proxy form completion.Significance of resultsUse of emotional support is associated with lower odds of completing DNRs among Latino than among non-Latino patients. Seeking and/or receiving emotional support may deter Latino patients from completing DNR orders. Research is needed to address both emotional needs and practicalities to ensure high quality end-of-life care among Latino patients with cancer.
Prevalence and management of chronic nonmalignant pain in palliative care populations: A systematic review
Authors: Kernick Lucy , Glare Paul , Hosie Annmarie , Chiu Annie , Kissane David W. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo investigate the prevalence and current approaches to clinical management of chronic nonmalignant pain in patients referred to palliative care services.MethodsA systematic review was performed using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines and registered with PROSPERO (CRD42021205432). Six databases were searched on 25 August 2020 and again on 11 July 2022: PubMed and Ovid MEDLINE, Elsevier Scopus, PsychINFO, the Cochrane Library, and CINAHL. Search included prevalence or intervention studies with patients who had chronic nonmalignant pain and were referred to palliative care services. Screening was undertaken independently by 2 reviewers.ResultsThe searches returned 417 titles; subsequent screening identified 5 eligible studies, 4 from the USA and 1 from Hong Kong, including 2 cohort and 3 cross-sectional studies. Sample sizes ranged from 137 to 323, with a total of 1,056 patients. The prevalence of chronic nonmalignant pain ranged from 14% to 34% across different palliative care settings. There was significant crossover of pain types; 54% of patients with chronic no-malignant pain had additional cancer-related pain or cancer treatment–related pain. Opioids were used to manage stand-alone chronic nonmalignant pain for 39% of patients compared to 58% with mixed chronic nonmalignant pain and other pain diagnoses.Significance of resultsFive studies have documented the prevalence of chronic nonmalignant pain of 14–34% in palliative care. Further research including prevalence and treatment studies would provide clearer evidence for best practice management of chronic nonmalignant pain in the palliative care setting.
Estimation of short- and long-term floor and ceiling prices for manure in a crop and livestock farms exchange
Authors: Thiery Eglantine , Brunschwig Gilles , Veysset Patrick , Mosnier Claire 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Organic matter is a key element of soil fertility. However, in-soil stocks of organic matter are in decline in specialized crop farms. Reintroducing organic fertilizers could be a way to increase or at least maintain organic matter stocks in these soils. Straw/manure exchanges between crop farms and livestock farms could improve overall land fertility and thus the long-term income of farmers. Here we used a bioeconomic model to estimate the agronomic and economic benefits of straw/manure exchanges as part of a strategy to improve soil fertility. Iterative simulations were run with prices of farmyard manure varying from €0 to €20 ton−1 to identify the price at which a crop farm can buy manure and sell straw without degrading its net income (manure ceiling price) compared to purchasing mineral fertilizer only and ploughing back straw. Parallel simulations were run to identify the price at which a livestock farmer can sell manure and buy straw without degrading its net income (manure floor price) compared to keeping all manure on the farm and buying straw on the market. The key new contributions of this study are that it (i) considers the characteristics of manure beyond its short-term fertilizing value, i.e., better mineralization of humus and a 10% increase in crop yields, (ii) estimates both the economic and agronomic benefits of manure and (iii) assesses the impacts of uncertainties on manure effects and prices. The results show that it is profitable for a French farmer in a conventional field crop system to buy manure at a price between €10 ton−1 in the short term and €18 ton−1 in the long term. The results also show that it is still economically advantageous for a livestock farmer to sell part of their manure, even at a very low price. This study shows that it is possible to better distribute manure resources over a territory in a way that enriches the soils of crop farms without degrading the soils of livestock farms.
Exploring the Future of Rainfall Extremes Over CONUS: The Effects of High Emission Climate Change Trajectories on the Intensity and Frequency of Rare Precipitation Events
Authors: Emmanouil Stergios , Langousis Andreas , Nikolopoulos Efthymios I. , Anagnostou Emmanouil N. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe impacts of climate change on extreme rainfall characteristics at fine spatiotemporal scales are governed by substantial uncertainty, primarily due to the systematic error components inherited from conventional numerical prediction systems, and/or the intrinsic assumptions of the selected modeling schemes. Here, we attempt to robustly evaluate the effects of future climate scenarios on intensity‐duration‐frequency (IDF) curves over the entire Contiguous United States, while accounting for the nonstationary nature of the rainfall process across adequately fine spatiotemporal resolutions. To do so, we apply a parametric approach to statistically downscaled climate model outputs that reflect the Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5, which are offered by the North American Coordinated Regional Downscaling Experiment. Compared to traditional IDF estimation techniques, the employed framework is based on multifractal (MF) scaling arguments and assumes that the statistical structure of rainfall at interannual scales can be approximated by sequential realizations of a stationary MF process with parameters that vary slowly across (not within) realizations. The obtained results show that return period estimates exhibit significant downward trends over most of the domain, which slowly dampen with time, as the effects of climate change are more pronounced at lower exceedance probability levels. Given the observed rate of changes in the frequency and intensity of extreme rainfall for the remainder of the century, we argue that future infrastructure design should be strategically tailored to account for a wide range of potential outcomes.
Role of Topography in Triggering Elevated Thunderstorms Associated With Winter Cold Fronts Over the Eastern Yunnan‐Guizhou Plateau
Authors: Luo Xinyue , Huang Xiaogang , Fei Jianfang , Wang Ju , Li Chao , Cheng Xiaoping 
Published: April 2023

AbstractUsing observations and reanalysis data, the circulation characteristics of elevated thunderstorms behind winter cold fronts (ETCFs) over the eastern Yunnan‐Guizhou Plateau are summarized, and a new triggering mechanism in the cold season related to topography is proposed. ETCFs always occur on the ridge and eastern side of the Dalou Mountain and are triggered at night. Pattern classifications using obliquely rotated T‐mode principal component analysis show that low‐level large‐scale circulation patterns have the following two characteristics: a southwestern airflow at 850 hPa, changing from southwest wind to east wind; and a northeast airflow at 900 hPa, changing from northeast wind to east wind. ETCFs occur in the area of this low easterly wind. A case study of 21 January 2020, shows that it is the intersection of the topography and cold front that provides unique geographical and circulation conditions for triggering elevated thunderstorms. Lateral friction along the mountains causes horizontal wind shear to flow parallel to them, forming positive and negative vortices above and below the front, respectively. This pair of vortices is strengthened by inertial oscillation at night, producing a stronger easterly wind. In the combined effects of frontal lift and topographical lift of the easterly flow, the elevated convection is triggered in the convergence zone above the front. These results provide a new insight into how topography helps to trigger convection in the cold season.
VprBP/DCAF1 regulates p53 function and stability through site-specific phosphorylation
Authors: Ghate Nikhil Baban , Kim Sungmin , Mehmood Roasa , Shin Yonghwan , Kim Kyunghwan , An Woojin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractVprBP (also known as DCAF1) is a recently identified kinase that is overexpressed in cancer cells and serves as a major determinant for epigenetic gene silencing and tumorigenesis. The role of VprBP in driving target gene inactivation has been largely attributed to its ability to mediate histone H2A phosphorylation. However, whether VprBP also phosphorylates non-histone proteins and whether these phosphorylation events drive oncogenic signaling pathways have not been explored. Here we report that serine 367 phosphorylation (S367p) of p53 by VprBP is a key player in attenuating p53 transcriptional and growth suppressive activities. VprBP catalyzes p53S367p through a direct interaction with the C-terminal domain of p53. Mechanistically, VprBP-mediated S367p inhibits p53 function in the wake of promoting p53 proteasomal degradation, because blocking p53S367p increases p53 protein levels, thereby enhancing p53 transactivation. Furthermore, abrogation of VprBP-p53 interaction by p53 acetylation is critical for preventing p53S367p and potentiating p53 function in response to DNA damage. Together, our findings establish VprBP-mediated S367p as a negative regulator of p53 function and identify a previously uncharacterized mechanism by which S367p modulates p53 stability.