bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of kurtosis and kurtosis-adjusted energy metric in occupational noise-induced hearing loss among metal manufacturing workers
Authors: Liu Shuangyan , Zou Hua , Lei Song , Xin Jiarui , Qian Peiyi , Liu Yun , Chen Yingqi , Yu Kuai , Zhang Meibian 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundNoise energy has been well-established to increase the risk of occupational noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL). However, the role of noise temporal structure (expressed by kurtosis) or its combination with energy metrics (e.g., kurtosis-adjusted cumulative noise exposure, adj-CNE) in occupational NIHL was still unclear.MethodsA cross-sectional survey of 867 Chinese workers, including 678 metal manufacturing workers and 189 workers exposed to Gaussian noise, was conducted. Noise energy metrics, including LAeq,8h and CNE, kurtosis (β), and adj-CNE were used to quantify noise exposure levels. Noise-induced permanent threshold shift at frequencies 3, 4, and 6 kHz (NIPTS346) and the prevalence of high-frequency NIHL (HFNIHL%) were calculated for each participant. The dose–response relationship between kurtosis or adj-CNE and occupational NIHL was observed.ResultsAmong 867 workers, different types of work had specific and independent noise energy and kurtosis values (p &gt; 0.05). HFNIHL% increased with an increase in exposure duration (ED), LAeq,8h, CNE, or kurtosis (p &lt; 0.01), and there were strong linear relationships between HFNIHL% and ED (coefficient of determination [R2] = 0.963), CNE (R2 = 0.976), or kurtosis (R2 = 0.938, when CNE &lt; 100 dB(A)∙year). The “V” shape notching extent in NIPTS became deeper with increasing kurtosis when CNE &lt; 100 dB(A)∙year and reached the notching bottom at the frequency of 4 or 6 kHz. The workers exposed to complex noise (β ≥ 10) had a higher risk of NIHL than those exposed to Gaussian noise (β &lt; 10) at the frequencies of 3, 4, 6, and 8 kHz (OR &gt; 2, p &lt; 0.01). Moreover, HFNIHL% increased with adj-CNE (p &lt; 0.001). There were strong linear relationships between NIHL and adj-CNE or CNE when β ≥ 10 (R2adj-CNE &gt; R2CNE). After CNE was adjusted by kurtosis, average differences in NIPTS346 or HFNIHL% between the complex and Gaussian noise group were significantly reduced (p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionKurtosis was a key factor influencing occupational NIHL among metal manufacturing workers, and its combination with energy metrics could assess the risk of NIHL more effectively than CNE alone.
Sex differences in cognitive function among Chinese older adults using data from the Chinese longitudinal healthy longevity survey: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Huang Xiao , Deng Jiahui , Liu Wenbin 
Published: June 2023

ObjectiveTo compare the sex differences in cognitive function and its influencing factors among Chinese older adults.MethodWe conducted a cross-sectional study by using data from the China Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS). According to the 32 provinces and 4 municipalities directly under the Central Government of China, 3–5 counties or districts were randomly selected in each province or city (except Tibet), and then 1–3 villages or streets were randomly selected in each county or district, from which the target population was sampled. Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) was used to assess the cognitive function of 9,262 older adults aged 65 and above in China. Descriptive analysis was applied to demonstrate the participants’ demographic characteristics, health-related behaviors, social and non-social activity, disease status, mental and sleep condition. And then, univariate and multifactor analyses were performed to validate different risk factors for cognitive function, respectively in the general population, male older adults and female older adults.ResultThe older adults with cognitive impairment accounted for 10.4% of the total population. There are significant differences in cognitive function between male and female older adults. The odds of cognitive impairment in older adult women was 1.291 times that of older adult men (OR = 1.291, 95%CI: 1.084–1.538). Among the male older adults, those who were older, highly educated, spouseless, had depressive symptoms, and lacked social activities were more likely to have cognitive impairment, whereas among the female older adults, those who were older, highly educated, and lacked social activities were more likely to have cognitive impairment.ConclusionOverall, there are subtle differences in potential influencing factors for cognitive function between the male older adults and female older adults. Attention should be paid to the different cognitive protection measures for the older adults with different sexes.
How well do policymakers address stigma surrounding substance use disorders: lessons from a qualitative review of Scottish Alcohol and Drug Partnerships’ strategic plans
Authors: Falconer Robin , Tang Jason 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundStigma is a significant barrier to the successful implementation of public health policies which aim to reduce harm from substance use disorders. Despite attention being given to stigma in the literature for at least a decade, evidence on what works to reduce it is limited and inconclusive. Without clear guidance, policymakers could be limited in their ability to develop evidence-informed strategies for reducing stigma. In response to a steep incline in drug-related deaths in Scotland since 1996, the Scottish Government has committed to tackling stigma in national drug policy. Scotland’s 31 Alcohol and Drug Partnerships are responsible for developing local strategies that aim to tackle harm from substance use disorders. This qualitative review explored how well these strategies respond to stigma and identified approaches mentioned that could have implicit implications for tackling stigma.MethodsThe strategic plans of Alcohol and Drug Partnerships across Scotland were identified and thematically analysed to identify key themes relating to stigma. Content of strategic plans was initially coded under a coding scheme of four broad categories: content that explicitly mentioned stigma; identity, status and power; deservedness of support; and attribution of responsibility for SUDs.ResultsTwenty-four strategic plans were identified and analysed, with four themes emerging: (1) limited clarity and consistency on how stigma will be directly tackled by ADPs; (2) recognition of the positive contribution that people with substance use disorders can make towards decisions about treatment and support; (3) diversion of people with substance use disorders away from the criminal justice system towards quality support underpinned by human rights; and (4) recognition of the complex determinants of substance use disorders and that everyone has a role to play.ConclusionAlcohol and Drug Partnerships acknowledged the importance of tackling stigma in their strategic plans but provide limited clarity on how this will be done. This review calls for the inclusion of more evidence-informed strategies for tackling stigma within the Scottish local policymaking context. This requires academic, policymaking and lived experience communities to collaborate to test and evaluate innovative responses to tackling in stigma to strengthen understanding of what works in which contexts.
Differences in pharmacologic and demographic factors in male and female patients with vascular dementia, Alzheimer's disease, and mixed vascular dementia
Authors: Stanley Madison , Poupore Nicolas , Knisely Krista , Miller Alyssa , Imeh-Nathaniel Adebobola , Roley Laurie Theriot , Imeh-Nathaniel Samuel , Goodwin Rich , Nathaniel Thomas I. 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundIncreasing evidence suggests that demographic and pharmacologic factors may play a significant role in the epidemiology of dementia. Sex differences in prevalence also depend on dementia subtypes, such as Alzheimer's dementia (AD), vascular dementia (VaD), and mixed vascular-Alzheimer's dementia (MVAD). Therefore, studies are needed to investigate sex-specific differences, and identify potential therapeutic targets for both sexes.MethodsData was collected from the Prisma Health-Upstate Alzheimer's registry from 2016 to 2021 for 6,039 VaD patients, 9,290 AD patients, and 412 MVAD patients. A logistic regression was used to determine demographic and pharmacological factors associated with gender differences in patients with VaD, AD, and MVAD.ResultsIn patients with VaD, African Americans (OR = 1.454, 95% CI, 1.257–1.682, p &lt; 0.001) with increasing age (OR = 1.023, 95% CI, 1.017–1.029, p &lt; 0.001), treated with aripiprazole (OR = 4.395, 95% CI, 2.880–6.707, p &lt; 0.001), were associated with females, whereas patients treated with galantamine (OR = 0.228, 95% CI, 0.116–0.449, p &lt; 0.001), memantine (OR = 0.662, 95% CI, 0.590–0.744, p &lt; 0.001), with a history of tobacco (OR = 0.312, 95% CI, 0.278–0.349, p &lt; 0.001), and ETOH (OR = 0.520, 95% CI, 0.452–0.598, p &lt; 0.001) were associated with males. Among AD patients, African Americans (OR = 1.747, 95% CI, 1.486–2.053, p &lt; 0.001), and Hispanics (OR = 3.668, 95% CI, 1.198–11.231, P = 0.023) treated with buspirone (OR = 1.541, 95% CI, 1.265–1.878, p &lt; 0.001), and citalopram (OR = 1.790, 95% CI, 1.527–2.099, p &lt; 0.001), were associated with females, whereas patients treated with memantine (OR = 0.882, 95% CI, 0.799–0.974, p = 0.013), and with a history of tobacco (OR = 0.247, 95% CI, 0.224–0.273, p &lt; 0.001), and ETOH (OR = 0.627, 95% CI, 0.547–0.718, p &lt; 0.001) were associated with male AD patients. In patients with MVAD, rivastigmine (OR = 3.293, 95% CI, 1.131–9.585, p = 0.029), memantine (OR = 2.816, 95% CI, 1.534–5.168, p &lt; 0.001), and risperidone (OR = 10.515, 95% CI, 3.409–32.437, p &lt; 0.001), were associated with females while patients with an increased length of stay (OR = 0.910, 95% CI, 0.828–1.000, p = 0.049), with a history of tobacco (OR = 0.148, 95% CI, 0.086–0.254, p &lt; 0.001) and ETOH use (OR = 0.229, 95% CI, 0.110–0.477, p &lt; 0.001) were more likely to be associated with males.ConclusionsOur study revealed gender differences and similarities in the demographic and pharmacological factors of VaD, AD, and MVAD. Prospective studies are needed to determine the role of demographic and pharmacological factors in reducing sex-based disparities among VaD, AD, and MVAD patients.
Recent streamflow trends across permafrost basins of North America
Authors: Bennett Katrina E. , Schwenk Jon , Bachand Claire , Gasarch Eve , Stachelek Jemma , Bolton William R. , Rowland Joel C. 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionClimate change impacts, including changing temperatures, precipitation, and vegetation, are widely anticipated to cause major shifts to the permafrost with resulting impacts to hydro-ecosystems across the high latitudes of the globe. However, it is challenging to examine streamflow shifts in these regions owing to a paucity of data, discontinuity of records, and other issues related to data consistency and accuracy.MethodsRecent trends for long-term periods (1990–2021, 1976–2021) in observed minimum, mean, and maximum seasonal and annual streamflow were analyzed for a range of watersheds across North America affected by varying degrees of permafrost coverage.ResultsStreamflow trend analysis revealed that areas affected by permafrost are changing variably over the periods in terms of maximum, mean, and minimum seasonal and annual streamflow. These changes indicate a significant shift occurring in the most recent 46 years towards increasing mean streamflow for the dominant (&gt; 50%) permafrost systems. Meanwhile, minimum streamflow increases for all permafrost-dominant systems and many of the other permafrost-affected systems across the seasons and annual periods considered, with the greatest number of significant changes in streamflow over other metrics. Maximum streamflow is shifting variably with significant increases in the permafrost-dominant systems in winter and fall over longer time periods of analysis. Our analysis suggests that streamflow trends are driven by climate (precipitation, followed by temperature), while variables such as permafrost coverage only appear important in the most recent 32-year period.DiscussionThe increases in streamflow trends observed in this study are reflective of deepening active layers and thawing permafrost, indicating that the entire hydrograph is undergoing change within permafrost-dominant streamflow systems as the Arctic moves towards a warmer future under climate change. Despite the many challenges to understanding changing streamflow in cold regions, there are new products and datasets in development that are increasingly allowing researchers to better understand the patterns of change in Arctic and subarctic systems affected by permafrost, offering a range of new tools, which, along with continued observational records, may help in improved understanding of changing Arctic streamflow patterns.
Ex vivo biomechanical evaluation of a bone-screw-fastener for tibial plateau leveling osteotomy
Authors: Kettleman William S. , Jaffe Michael H. , Wills Robert W. , Dietz Sara J. , Elder Steve H. 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionThe objective of this study was to investigate the effect of a novel screw type on stiffness and failure characteristics of a tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO) construct under cyclic loading conditions. The authors hypothesized that bone-screw-fasteners (BSF) would result in superior biomechanical stability compared with locking buttress screws (LBS).Materials and MethodsTwelve pairs of canine cadaveric pelvic limbs were included in thisex vivobiomechanical study. A TPLO was performed using a 3.5mm locking TPLO plate and stabilized using either LBS or BSF. Cyclic loading was performed for 30,000 cycles at 4Hz with a peak-load of 1000N (50N valley). The cyclic test was then continued by stepwise incremental increase of peak-load at a rate of 75N per 500 cycles until failure.ResultsCycles to failure for LBS (44,260 ± 5,770) and BSF (41,540 ± 7,686) were not significantly different (p = 0.36). Maximum force for LBS (3,134 ± 797N) and BSF (2,940 ± 831N) was not significantly different either (p = 0.58). Dynamic stiffness for LBS (1,778 ± 932 N/mm) and BSF (1,574 ± 677 N/mm) was not significantly different (p = 0.58).DiscussionStabilization of the TPLO with BSF provided similar biomechanical stability under cyclic axial loading conditions as the LBS. BSF may be an acceptable alternative to traditional locking screws for TPLO.
Cumulative Negative Impacts of Invasive Alien Species on Marine Ecosystems of the Aegean Sea
Authors: Tsirintanis Konstantinos , Sini Maria , Ragkousis Michail , Zenetos Argyro , Katsanevakis Stelios 
Published: June 2023

Biological invasions are a human-induced environmental disturbance that can cause major changes in ecosystem structure and functioning. Located in the northeastern Mediterranean basin, the Aegean Sea is a hotspot of biological invasions. Although the presence of alien species in the Aegean has been studied and monitored, no assessment has been conducted on their cumulative impacts on native biodiversity. To address this gap, we applied the CIMPAL index, a framework developed for mapping the cumulative impacts of invasive species, to identify the most affected areas and habitat types and determine the most invasive species in the region. Coastal areas showed stronger impacts than the open sea. The highest CIMPAL scores were four times more frequent in the South than in the North Aegean. Shallow (0–60 m) hard substrates were the most heavily impacted habitat type, followed by shallow soft substrates and seagrass meadows. We identified Caulerpa cylindracea, Lophocladia lallemandii, Siganus luridus, Siganus rivulatus, and Womersleyella setacea as the most impactful species across their range of occurrence in the Aegean but rankings varied depending on the habitat type and impact indicator applied. Our assessment can support marine managers in prioritizing decisions and actions to control biological invasions and mitigate their impacts.
Akdeniz’de Libya Mücadelesi (Struggle for Libya in the Mediterranean)
Authors: TÖR Özgür 
Published: June 2023

Tarihsel süreçte Libya coğrafyası, Kuzey Afrika ve Akdeniz Havzası içerisinde önemli role sahip olmuştur. Bu sebeple Libya’nın statejik cazibesi büyük devletlerin de ilgisini çekmiş ve çeşitli yöntemlerle Libya’ya müdahale etmek, orada askeri güç bulundurmak istenmiştir. Büyük devletlerin Libya için güç mücadelesini ve bunun bölgeye etkisini incelemek gerekmektedir. Bu çalışma, büyük devletlerin “Arap Baharı (Arap İsyanı)” süreci ve sonrasını da kapsayacak şekilde Libya’ya yönelik hedefleri, bölgede etkili aktör olmaya ulaşma çalışmalar, uluslararası sistemin dinamikleri ve sistemdeki değişimler, hatalar dikkate alınarak analiz edilecektir.
ABD Libya’ya müdahaleyi geriden liderlik yöntemiyle desteklemiş, istediği sonucu tam anlamıyla alamamıştır. Bazı Avrupa Ülkeleri tarafından Türkiye’nin NATO üyesi olmasına rağmen bölgedeki etkinliğinin azaltılması gayreti, Rusya’nın Doğu Akdeniz Hava Sahasını kontrol edebileceği üslere sahip olmasıyla sonuçlanmıştır.
Determinants of interpersonal communication on the example of a selected organization
Authors: Balcerzyk Dorota , Oślizło Marek 
Published: June 2023

RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: The objective of the publication is to present the results of the research that casts new light on the issue of communication in the organisation. The research is intended to fill another gap in terms of recommendations for the development of communication competences of managers of the organisation with specific characteristics.
THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND METHODS: The research raised the issue of the interpersonal communication process in the surveyed organisation. A survey method was used as the main research method. The survey was anonymous and pen-and-paper personal interview.
THE PROCESS OF ARGUMENTATION: The first part of the paper presents the terminology of interpersonal communication in the organisation as a theoretical basis for research. Then, the results of own research were reviewed together with a critical analysis based on the adopted issues. The paper concludes with key conclusions and recommendations.
RESEARCH RESULTS: The results of the research showed that, although appropriate means of communication are used in the organisation and employees show a high level of satisfaction with interpersonal communication, there are areas where changes need to be made.
CONCLUSIONS, INNOVATIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS: The analysis of the results of the conducted research showed that interpersonal communication plays a key role in shaping the climate of cooperation in the company and determines the desired interpersonal relations. The practical implications of the conducted research are, above all, the need for continuous development of communication competences of managers. The organisation of training to help shape the communication competences of the organisation’s employees. The appreciation by managers of the importance of the role of interpersonal communication in the organisation, which positively influences the effectiveness of task performance.
Współczesne rosyjskie i serbskie wpływy w Czarnogórze – wybrane przykłady
Authors: Łakota-Micker Małgorzata 
Published: June 2023

CEL NAUKOWY: Głównym celem artykułu jest zwrócenie uwagi na skalę wpływów rosyjskich i ściśle związanych z nimi wpływów serbskich w polityce Czarnogóry, a co za tym idzie – wynikających z tego implikacji.
PROBLEM I METODY BADAWCZE: Artykuł powstał przy wykorzystaniu metod badawczych właściwych dla nauk społecznych, w szczególności nauki o polityce i administracji. W głównej mierze przydatne okazały się metoda studium przypadku i metoda opisowa.
PROCES WYWODU: Czarnogóra jeszcze dwa lata temu uważana była za realnego kandydata do członkostwa w UE. Doceniana za zaangażowanie w integrację, uznawana była za państwo stanowiące przykład udanego odrzucenia nacjonalistycznej wizji funkcjonowania. Po 17 latach od uzyskania niezależności znalazła się w pułapce politycznej polaryzacji pod naciskiem Serbii i Rosji oraz UE i Stanów Zjednoczonych.
WYNIKI ANALIZY NAUKOWEJ: Wpływy rosyjskie w Czarnogórze widoczne są niemal na każdej płaszczyźnie. Rosyjska ingerencja w wewnętrzne sprawy Czarnogóry zagraża jej stabilności i bezpieczeństwu, dystansując ją od NATO i UE. Zaangażowanie Serbskiej Cerkwi Prawosławnej (SPC) w politykę i jej poparcie dla proserbskiej partii rządzącej mogą cofnąć Czarnogórę od euroatlantyckiej integracji na dekady. Bieżącym efektem „zwrotu” Podgoricy ku Wschodowi będzie osłabienie wewnętrzne kraju i postępujący kryzys gospodarczy, który szczególnie widoczny stanie się w biedniejszej, północnej części kraju.
WNIOSKI, INNOWACJE, REKOMENDACJE: Rosyjska i serbska propaganda skutecznie wpływają na poglądy Czarnogórców. Podważając czarnogórską tożsamość narodową i ograniczając wdrażanie zachodnich standardów polityczno-społecznych, prowadzą do niebezpiecznej polaryzacji. Brak zaufania czarnogórskich obywateli do władzy, niechęć do systemu rządów stworzonego przez Demokratyczną Partię Socjalistów (DPS) i związana z nim potrzeba „odreagowania” poważnie osłabiają kraj, stanowiąc podbudowę oddziaływań Moskwy i Belgradu.
Energetics and electronic structure of bilayer Janus WSSe
Authors: Gao Yanlin , Okada Susumu 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Employing density functional theory along with the effective screening medium method, we investigated the energetics and electronic structure of bilayer Janus WSSe in terms of their interlayer stacking arrangement. Through the orbital hybridization between chalcogen atoms at interfaces, the energetics are sensitive to the interlayer stacking orientation and interface atomic arrangements. This interface atomic arrangement creates the unique electronic structure of bilayer Janus WSSe determined by the dipole moment arrangement of the constituent WSSe layers. The net polarity of thin films of Janus transition-metal dichalcogenides is a simple superposition of the dipole moments of the constituent layers.
Clinical trial: multicentral preventive antibiotics with cystectomy within enhanced recovery after surgery (MACS)
Authors: Беркут Мария , Мамижев Эльдар , Галунова Татьяна , Новик Алексей , Румянцева Дарья , Носов Александр 
Published: June 2023

Рак мочевого пузыря (РМП) занимает 10 место в структуре онкологической заболеваемости в мире, ежегодно регистрируется 573000 новых случаев этого заболевания и 213000 случаев смертей [1]. У 25–30 % больных РМП при первичном обращении выявляется опухоль, инвазирующая мышечный слой мочевого пузыря и глубже, где золотым стандартом лечения является радикальная цистэктомия (РЦЭ), ассоциированая с высоким уровнем развития периоперационных и отдаленных осложнений [2].
Цель исследования. Изучить частоту развития инфекционных осложнений в период 30-90 дней после РЦЭ в хирургическом стационаре, работающим по протоколу раннего послеоперационного восстановления пациента (ERAS).