bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and validation of a model for measuring alcohol consumption from transdermal alcohol content data among college students
Authors: Kianersi Sina , Ludema Christina , Agley Jon , Ahn Yong‐Yeol , Parker Maria , Ideker Sophie , Rosenberg Molly 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackground and aimsTransdermal alcohol content (TAC) data collected by wearable alcohol monitors could potentially contribute to alcohol research, but raw data from the devices are challenging to interpret. We aimed to develop and validate a model using TAC data to detect alcohol drinking.DesignWe used a model development and validation study design.SettingIndiana, USAParticipantsIn March to April 2021, we enrolled 84 college students who reported drinking at least once a week (median age = 20 years, 73% white, 70% female). We observed participants’ alcohol drinking behavior for 1 week.MeasurementsParticipants wore BACtrack Skyn monitors (TAC data), provided self‐reported drinking start times in real time (smartphone app) and completed daily surveys about their prior day of drinking. We developed a model using signal filtering, peak detection algorithm, regression and hyperparameter optimization. The input was TAC and outputs were alcohol drinking frequency, start time and magnitude. We validated the model using daily surveys (internal validation) and data collected from college students in 2019 (external validation).FindingsParticipants (N = 84) self‐reported 213 drinking events. Monitors collected 10 915 hours of TAC. In internal validation, the model had a sensitivity of 70.9% (95% CI = 64.1%–77.0%) and a specificity of 73.9% (68.9%–78.5%) in detecting drinking events. The median absolute time difference between self‐reported and model‐detected drinking start times was 59 min. Mean absolute error (MAE) for the reported and detected number of drinks was 2.8 drinks. In an exploratory external validation among five participants, number of drinking events, sensitivity, specificity, median time difference and MAE were 15%, 67%, 100%, 45 minutes and 0.9 drinks, respectively. Our model’s output was correlated with breath alcohol concentration data (Spearman’s correlation [95% CI] = 0.88 [0.77, 0.94]).ConclusionThis study, the largest of its kind to date, developed and validated a model for detecting alcohol drinking using transdermal alcohol content data collected with a new generation of alcohol monitors. The model and its source code are available as Supporting Information (https://osf.io/xngbk).
The growth of patenting in New Zealand, 1860–99
Authors: Gibbons Matthew , Oxley Les 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPatent applications by male New Zealand inventors sharply increased in the early 1880s after initial official fees were reduced, and the requirement to advertise applications in newspapers abolished. Increasingly, however, applications lapsed, while applications by unskilled workers remained low. Non‐fee costs were crucially important, with the 1870 reduction in fees failing to increase patenting, as hoped, because the doubling of mandatory advertising costs negated the fees reduction. Patenting by overseas inventors was less affected by fees, and steadily grew. Only one application was by an indigenous Māori person, while even in 1899 women made just 2.5% of applications.
Conservative management of dens in dente
Authors: Castelo‐Baz Pablo , Gancedo‐Gancedo Tania , Pereira‐Lores Patricia , Mosquera‐Barreiro Carolina , Martín‐Biedma Benjamín , Faus‐Matoses Vicente , Ruíz‐Piñón Manuel 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDens Invaginatus (DI) or dens in dente is an uncommon anomaly which mostly affects permanent lateral incisors, and it is very rare in molars. This article presents the conservative endodontic management of four different cases of DI and a discussion of the endodontic literature for this malformation. Three upper lateral incisors Type II, IIIa and IIIb, and an upper first molar Type II are shown. The most conservative approach possible was carried out. Three of the cases were obturated using the continuous wave technique. In one of the cases, it was possible to treat only the invagination with MTA and preserve the pulp vitality of the main canal. To make a correct diagnosis and to treat in the most conservative way possible, a DI is necessary to know its classification and use tools such as CBCT and magnification.
Misdiagnosis of primary dumbbell chordoma of the cervical spine
Authors: Zhou Hua , Yang Xiaoxiong , Wang Renji , Liu Xiaoguang , Liu Zhongjun , Wei Feng 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimThis study aimed to analyze the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with primary dumbbell chordoma of the cervical spine and to summarize the causes of misdiagnosis.MethodsThe clinical data of patients were retrospectively collected. The diagnostic process, surgical procedures, and outcomes were analyzed, then the difference was compared between dumbbell and non‐dumbbell chordomas of the cervical spine.ResultsThis study included six patients with primary dumbbell chordoma (one male and five females) with a mean age of 32.2 ± 24.5 years (range: 5–61 years). Five cases with no computed tomography (CT) examination before the first operation were misdiagnosed, and on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), primary dumbbell chordoma showed the following specific features: extensive invasion of the surrounding soft tissues with an obscure boundary (≥5 cm), intervertebral disc sparing, and hemorrhagic necrosis, furthermore, the CT features included atypical destructive vertebral lesions, minimal intralesional calcification, and neural foraminal enlargement. After comparison with non‐dumbbell chordomas, it show statistical difference (p < 0.05) in terms of calcification, foramen enlargement, FNA, misdiagnosis rate but with different recurrent rate.ConclusionPrimary dumbbell chordomas of the cervical spine can easily be misdiagnosed as neurogenic tumors. Preoperative CT‐guided fine‐needle aspiration puncture biopsy helps make an accurate diagnosis. Gross total excision with postoperative radiotherapy has been proven effective in reducing the recurrence rate.
The archaeology of decay: Ruinous knowledge and the violence of urban planning
Authors: Pérez Fernández Federico 
Published: May 2023

AbstractRenewal plans for downtown Bogotá have been closely tied to “urban decay,” a notion that experts conceptualize as a natural trajectory to be reversed through demolition and reconstruction. Yet for residents on the west side of Bogotá’s city center, planning regulations and official systems of valuation deteriorated their neighborhoods long before the arrival of eviction notices and bulldozers. Drawing on the local analytic of “archaeology of decay,” I develop the concept of ruinous knowledge to explore urban dwellers’ archaeological sensibilities as they sift through the traces and remains of collapsing urban worlds. Shaped by the imaginaries of Colombia's history of warfare, such grounded and intimate knowledges point to the banal materialities and protracted temporalities of urban destruction and dispossession. Ultimately, they emerge as an ambiguous subaltern epistemology and political practice that uncovers the destructive violence at the core of urban planning, while remaining entangled with the normative orders of citizenship and belonging.
Advanced skills for general surgeons and carving out a niche: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in regional Australia
Authors: Sabat Nestor , McSweeney William , Konno Takuma , Gilberd Matthew A. , Molloy Charles , Pretorius Casper 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe provision of high‐quality healthcare in rural Australian hospitals has necessitated general surgeons to take up the challenge and expand their expertise to advanced endoscopy techniques including endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). This study examines the utility of ERCP in a regional setting especially in decreasing patient transfers and associated costs while achieving exceptional safety by measuring key indicators of safety and efficacy.MethodsA single‐centre retrospective cross‐sectional cohort review in a rural Queensland hospital of patients who underwent ERCP (emergent and elective) from January 2019 until July 2022. Standardized international ERCP performance indicators were collected and compared to benchmark literature values including the rate of cannulation, stone extraction, successful stent placement, and post‐ERCP pancreatitis.ResultsThe majority of the ERCP performance indicator benchmarks were met. 100% of patients had an appropriate indication for the procedure and consent. 98.95% successful CBD cannulation with only 14.14% requiring multiple attempts. 92.22% successful stone retrieval with 100% stent placement, well above guideline targets. The post‐procedural complication rate was 6.81% (2.09% pancreatitis; 1.05% pancreatitis; 1.05% duodenal perforation). Antibiotic prophylaxis adherence was identified to require improvement (12.57%).ConclusionHigh‐quality ERCP procedures can be performed in a regional hospital by general surgeons in a safe and cost‐effective manner, significantly decreasing the costs associated with patient transfer. This study reflects strong evidence for consistently achieving international ERCP performance benchmarks and the provision of high‐quality healthcare by a regional hospital and provides a strong argument for increasing access to ERCP in rural and remote hospitals.
Prospective longitudinal comparative study showed that breastfeeding outcomes were comparable in preterm twins and singleton infants
Authors: Tandberg Bente Silnes , Grundt Hege , Moen Atle , Niela‐Vilén Hannakaisa , Flacking Renée 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimWe compared milk volumes, skin‐to‐skin contact and breastfeeding by the mothers of very preterm twins and singleton infants born at 28–32 weeks of gestation.MethodsThis Norwegian longitudinal prospective comparative study was carried out in two neonatal intensive care units: one with single family rooms and one open bay unit. It comprised 49 singleton infants, 28 twins and their mothers. The mothers' milk volume and direct breastfeeding were recorded from birth until 4 months' of corrected age. They also answered the breastfeeding self‐efficacy scale and skin‐to‐skin contact was recorded.ResultsThe mothers of preterm twins produced doubled the volume of expressed milk at day 14, compared to the mothers of singletons (mean 816 ± 430 mL vs. 482 ± 372 mL, p < 0.05) and this difference was still sustained at 34 + 0 weeks/days (p < 0.02). Mothers of twins had their first breastfeeding attempt later than mothers of singletons (median of 133 h compared to 56 (p < 0.002). Preterm twins received less daily skin‐to‐skin contact (mean 157 ± 66 min each vs. 244 ± 109) (p < 0.001). There were no differences in receiving mother's own milk, exclusively direct breastfeeding or perceived breastfeeding self‐efficacy.ConclusionBreastfeeding was initiated as successfully in preterm twins as singletons as the mothers' milk production doubled.
Cancer detection and complications of transperineal prostate biopsy with antibiotics when indicated
Authors: Boevé Liselotte M.S. , Bloemendal Floride T. , de Bie Katelijne C.C. , van Haarst Ernst P. , Krul Eveline J.T. , de Bruijn Julia J. , Beems Sophie , Vanhommerig Joost W. , Hovius Marina C. , Ruiter Annebeth E.C. , Lagerveld Brunolf W. , van Andel George 
Published: May 2023

ObjectivesTo describe the prostate cancer (PCa) detection rate, including clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa), in a large cohort of patients who underwent transperineal ultrasonography‐guided systematic prostate biopsy (TPB‐US) using a probe‐mounted transperineal access system, with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) cognitive fusion in case of a Prostate Imaging–Reporting and Data System grade 3–5 lesion, under local anaesthesia in an outpatient setting. Additionally, to compare the incidence of procedure‐related complications with a cohort of patients undergoing transrectal ultrasonography‐guided (TRB‐US) and transrectal MRI‐guided biopsies (TRB‐MRI).Patients and MethodsThis was an observational cohort study in men who underwent TPB‐US prostate biopsy in a large teaching hospital. For each participant, prostate‐specific antigen level, clinical tumour stage, prostate volume, MRI parameters, number of (targeted) prostate biopsies, biopsy International Society of Uropathology (ISUP) grade and procedure‐related complications were assessed. csPCa was defined as ISUP grade ≥2. Antibiotic prophylaxis was only given in those with an increased risk of urinary tract infection.ResultsA total of 1288 TPB‐US procedures were evaluated. The overall detection rate for PCa in biopsy‐naive patients was 73%, and for csPCa it was 63%. The incidence of hospitalization was 1% in TPB‐US (13/1288), compared to 4% in TRB‐US (8/214) and 3% in TRB‐MRI (7/219; P = 0.002).ConclusionsContemporary combined systematic and target TPB‐US with MRI cognitive fusion is easy to perform in an outpatient setting, with a high detection rate of csPCa and a low incidence of procedure‐related complications.
A moment of autonomy support brightens adolescents' mood: Autonomy support, psychological control and adolescent affect in everyday life
Authors: van der Kaap‐Deeder Jolene , Bülow Anne , Waterschoot Joachim , Truyen Isabel , Keijsers Loes 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis experience sampling study examined whether autonomy‐supportive and psychologically controlling interactions with parents are intertwined with adolescents' momentary affect. For 7 days (in 2020), 143 adolescents (Mage = 15.82; SDage = 1.75; 64% girls; 95% European, 1% African, 3% unknown) reported 5 or 6 times a day how they felt and how interactions with parents were experienced. Preregistered dynamic structural equation models on 1439 (including 532 adjacent) parent–adolescent interactions revealed significant within‐family associations: Adolescents experienced more positive affect during and following autonomy‐supportive interactions, and vice versa. Adolescents felt more negative affect during and 3 h before psychologically controlling interactions. Between‐family associations showed significant linkages between parenting and affect. These findings show that a moment of autonomy support can alter adolescents' everyday well‐being.
Criminal responsibility of older children: The failings of doli incapax in Australia
Authors: Tuomi Mac , Moritz Dominique 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCriminal law balances community protection from children who commit criminal offences against supporting children to behave appropriately. Existing Australian law applies the rebuttable presumption of doli incapax to children from 10 years of age and then applies full criminal responsibility to children from 14 years of age. Imposing full criminal responsibility on older children is problematic because it does not account for their cognitive development, social and environmental risk factors and maturity. Extending doli incapax to older children is one response to address the challenges of older children's criminal culpability but it does not go far enough to protect children from the harms of the criminal justice system.
Impact of physician performed point of care ultrasound (POCUS) during first outpatient cardiology consultation on patient management and downstream testing
Authors: Aladham Raed , Liu Shuang , Naqvi Tasneem Z. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundGoal directed point of care ultrasound (POCUS) is a bedside tool to assist with clinical diagnosis. We examined the impact of POCUS performed by consulting cardiologist (CC) during initial cardiology consult on clinical management and downstream testing.MethodsSixty‐nine study patients (pts) seen in a general cardiology outpatient clinic of a tertiary center by an expert imaging CC were compared to a control group of 65 pts seen by three different CCs without POCUS during the same time‐period, in whom the first standard echo (SE) was performed after the initial visit.ResultsBaseline characteristics were similar between the two groups for age, cardiac risk factors, and referral diagnoses. Echo findings on POCUS and by SE (mean delay of 17.2 days after visit) in the control group were comparable for RV size and function and for valvular heart disease. More patients with lower LVEF, higher LV filling pressures, new regional wall motion abnormalities, and increased aortic root size were present among POCUS group resulting in greater yield of echo abnormalities. There were more cardiovascular medication changes at the first visit (15.3% vs. 5.7%, p < .01), less referral for noninvasive stress testing (10% vs. 29%, p < .01), more advanced cardiac testing and subspecialty referrals (29% vs. 18% pts, p = .06), in the study compared to the control group after cardiology visit.ConclusionPOCUS at time of consultation detects more abnormal echo findings, results in more medication adjustments, less referral for noninvasive stress testing, earlier referral for advanced cardiac diagnostic imaging, and subspecialty cardiac referrals.
Antifeedant effects of crofton weed,Ageratina adenophoraextracts and their phytochemical compounds against three cabbage insect pest species
Authors: Mayanglambam Saini , Rajashekar Yallappa 
Published: May 2023

AbstractGiven that synthetic pesticides used in agricultural fields have negative side effects, safer alternatives such as botanical insecticides are required for insect pest management. Here, solvent extracts (hexane, ethyl acetate, chloroform, acetone, and methanol) of crofton weed,Ageratina adenophora(Spreng.) King & H.Rob. (Asteraceae), were studied for antifeedant activity against third instars of large cabbage white butterfly,Pieris brassicaeL. (Pieridae), diamondback moth,Plutella xylostellaL. (Plutellidae), and cabbage cluster caterpillar,Crocidolomia pavonanaFabricius (Crambidae, all Lepidoptera). Among the solvent extracts tested,A. adenophorahexane extract at 5% concentration exhibited maximum antifeedant activity againstP. xylostella(92.1%),C. pavonana(87.4%), andP. brassicae(81.7%). The effective concentration (EC50) values were 1.4, 2.1, and 2.8%, respectively. The hexane extract was characterised using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) analysis and it was determined that its main compounds were 9,11‐octadecadiynoic acid, 8‐oxo‐, methyl ester (27.5%), 2(3H)‐naphthalenone, 4,4a,5,6,7,8‐hexahydro‐4a, (R)‐7,7‐trimethyl‐ (20.4%), germacrene D (6.1%), 2(1H)‐naphthalenone (5.8%), 5,6‐decadien‐3‐yne, 5,7‐diethyl (5%), and α‐bisabolene (2.1%). The results suggest that hexane extract ofA. adenophoracould be used for the development of botanical insecticides.
Mechanisms of sustained perceptual entrainment after stimulus offset
Authors: Aharoni Moran , Breska Assaf , Müller Matthias M. , Schröger Erich 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTemporal alignment of neural activity to rhythmic stimulation has been suggested to result from a resonating internal neural oscillator mechanism, but can also be explained by interval‐based temporal prediction. Here, we investigate behavioural and brain responses in the post‐stimulation period to compare an oscillatory versus an interval‐based account. Hickok et al.'s (2015) behavioural paradigm yielded results that relate to a neural oscillatory entrainment mechanism. We adapted the paradigm to an event‐related potential (ERP) suitable design: a periodic sequence was followed, in half of the trials, by near‐threshold targets embedded in noise. The targets were played in various phases in relation to the preceding sequences' period. Participants had to detect whether targets were played or not, and their EEG was recorded. Both behavioural results and the P300 component of the ERP were not only partially consistent with an oscillatory mechanism but also partially consistent with an interval‐based attentional gain mechanism. Instead, data obtained in the post‐entrainment period can best be explained with a combination of both mechanisms.
Living by her laws: Jacqueline Pascal and women's autonomy
Authors: Collette Daniel , Lewis Dwight K. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAs a Catholic nun, to suggest Jacqueline Pascal as autonomous might at first glance seem contradictory. We show that her moral deference to the divine is not at all forfeiting her autonomy, but that aligning her own law with God's law is to align her own law with rationality itself, that is, the laws of nature. Her theoretical structure begins with a theory of virtue—viz., how and to whom we have an obligation to be moral. For her, acting in accordance with cultural restrictions or following church orders against her own conscience would be living by the laws of another and so not acting autonomously. Pascal would not live by other's laws, regardless of whether her actions conform to the categories by which society expected her to act. The framework for her laws laid in Pascal's understanding of self‐governance: if she wants to act virtuously then she must autonomously follow God's law by making it her own through the sentiments of her heart. Thus, she cannot live by the laws of men, but by the laws of her human nature and in alignment with a rightly ordered universe, that is, God's law, which we show parallels with a Stoic framework of autonomy.
Pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis damage and repair: Linking cerebral hypoperfusion to the development of irreversible tissue loss in multiple sclerosis using magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Mascali Daniele , Villani Alessandro , Chiarelli Antonio M. , Biondetti Emma , Lipp Ilona , Digiovanni Anna , Pozzilli Valeria , Caporale Alessandra S. , Rispoli Marianna G. , Ajdinaj Paola , D'Apolito Maria , Grasso Eleonora , Sensi Stefano L. , Murphy Kevin , Tomassini Valentina , Wise Richard G. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackground and purposeReduced cerebral perfusion has been observed in multiple sclerosis (MS) and may contribute to tissue loss both acutely and chronically. Here, we test the hypothesis that hypoperfusion occurs in MS and relates to the presence of irreversible tissue damage.MethodsIn 91 patients with relapsing MS and 26 healthy controls (HC), gray matter (GM) cerebral blood flow (CBF) was assessed using pulsed arterial spin labeling. GM volume, T1 hypointense and T2 hyperintense lesion volumes (T1LV and T2LV, respectively), and the proportion of T2‐hyperintense lesion volume that appears hypointense on T1‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging (T1LV/T2LV) were quantified. GM CBF and GM volume were evaluated globally, as well as regionally, using an atlas‐based approach.ResultsGlobal GM CBF was lower in patients (56.9 ± 12.3 mL/100 g/min) than in HC (67.7 ± 10.0 mL/100 g/min; p < 0.001), a difference that was widespread across brain regions. Although total GM volume was comparable between groups, significant reductions were observed in a subset of subcortical structures. GM CBF negatively correlated with T1LV (r = −0.43, p = 0.0002) and T1LV/T2LV (r = −0.37, p = 0.0004), but not with T2LV.ConclusionsGM hypoperfusion occurs in MS and is associated with irreversible white matter damage, thus suggesting that cerebral hypoperfusion may actively contribute and possibly precede neurodegeneration by hampering tissue repair abilities in MS.