bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knowledge of danger signs of pregnancy and health-seeking action among pregnant women: a health facility-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Gesese Shumiye Shiferaw , Mersha Eleni Adimassu , Balcha Wondu Feyisa 
Published: April 2023

Background:
In many developing countries maternal morbidity and mortality are challenging issues. Increasing the knowledge of women about the danger signs of pregnancy is the first essential step to reduce the adverse outcomes of pregnancy and delay in deciding to seek obstetric care, which in turn improves early detection of obstetric complications. This study aimed to assess knowledge of danger signs of pregnancy and health-seeking action among pregnant women.

Methods:
A health facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted in public health facilities from 1 March 2017 to 30 April 2017 on 414 pregnant mothers. The data were collected by systematic random sampling technique, entered into a computer using Epi data 3.5, and analyzed using Statistical Package of Social Sciences version 20.0. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were done to estimate the crude and adjusted odds ratio with a confidence interval of 95% and a P value of less than 0.05 considered statistically significant.

Results:
This study identified that 57.2% of pregnant women had good knowledge of the danger signs of pregnancy. Pregnant women who are found in the age group of 25–29 [adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=3.35, 95% CI=1.13–9.96], and ≥30 years (AOR=8.11, 95% CI=2.23–29.45), mothers who live in urban area (AOR=5.26, 95% CI=1.96–14.15), primary education (AOR=4.85, 95% CI=2.07–11.41), secondary and above educational level (AOR=6.90, 95% CI=3.28–14.49), employed mother (AOR=5.18, 95% CI=1.65–16.27), being multigravida (AOR=7.24, 95% CI=3.86–13.58), knows that danger signs of pregnancy may cause severe complications (AOR=9.94, 95% CI=5.23–18.93), knew what to do if they faced danger signs of pregnancy (AOR=3.37, 95% CI=1.14–9.93), knew when did they go to a health facility if they faced danger signs of pregnancy (AOR=3.97, 95% CI=1.67–9.47) and faced at least one danger signs of pregnancy in current pregnancy (AOR = 5.40, 95% CI=1.46–19.99) were significantly associated with knowledge of danger signs of pregnancy. The proportion of mothers who experienced danger signs of pregnancy was 27 (6.5%) and among them, 21 (77.8%) had an appropriate health-seeking action, which is visiting a health facility.

Conclusion:
In this study area, the knowledge of pregnant women about the danger signs of pregnancy was low, while the practice of the mothers in response to danger signs of pregnancy was encouraging. Therefore, it is needed to the empowerment of women by increasing access to get an education, especially for rural women.
Surgical research in Colombia part 3: Authorship and publications of Colombian medical students in surgery in Colombian medical journals—cross-sectional study
Authors: Lozada-Martinez Ivan David , Acevedo-Lopez Nicole , Acevedo-Lopez Domenica , Picón-Jaimes Yelson Alejandro , Dominguez-Alvarado Gonzalo , Cabrera-Vargas Luis Felipe , Torregrosa-Almonacid Lilian , Guevara-Cruz Oscar , Narvaez-Rojas Alexis Rafael ,   Colombian Future Surgeons Collaborative Group
Published: April 2023

Introduction:
Research training, scientific activity and publications are cornerstones of academic surgery. Knowing the activity and trends of medical students aspiring to become surgeons it allows to identify gaps and skills to be strengthened. Currently, there is no data on the authorship and scientific activity of medical students in surgery in Latin America and Colombia.

Methods:
A bibliometric cross-sectional study was carried out, in which the Colombian medical journals were reviewed from 2010 to 2020. The articles with topics in general surgery and subspecialties where the authorship of medical students could be identified, were selected. Data on the sociodemographic and scientific characteristics of the authors and their publications were extracted and analyzed.

Results:
A total of 14 383 articles from 34 Colombian medical journals were reviewed. From 2010 to 2020, 807 articles related to surgery were published in Colombia. The most frequent typology of these articles was original articles (n=298; 37%), followed by case reports (n=222; 28.2%) and reviews (n=137; 17.3%). A total of 132 medical students and 141 authorships and were found, specifically in 9.9% (n=80/807) of these publications, with a higher frequency in original articles (n=32; 40%) and case reports (n=29; 36.2%). Collaboration of students with professors or surgeons was evidenced in 97.5% of the publications.

Conclusions:
The authorship of Colombian medical students in scientific publications in surgery in Colombian medical journals was low. From 2010 to 2020, student authors were found in 1 out of every 10 publications, mainly in original articles and clinical cases.
Prolonged Grief Disorder and the DSM
Authors: Zachar Peter , First Michael B. , Kendler Kenneth S. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In the early 1990s, a research group that included Holly Prigerson and Charles Reynolds established that disordered grief overlaps with depression and anxiety but is not the same. They also developed a research inventory for studying disordered grief. Subsequently, Prigerson focused on measuring disordered grief using advanced psychometric techniques. Because treatment for grief-related depression reduced symptoms of depression but not grief, Katherine Shear was recruited to develop a more effective therapy. Prigerson came to conceptualize disordered grief as prolonged grief that is associated with negative outcomes. Shear came to conceptualize disordered grief as intense grief that is complicated by features that interfere with adaption to the loss. In 2013 a hybrid disorder composed of criteria from both groups was placed in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition (DSM-5) appendix. Under the leadership of the DSM Steering Committee, a summit meeting in 2019 helped break an impasse, and a revised prolonged grief disorder became an official DSM diagnosis.
Personality Disorder Diagnosis Among Justice-Involved Veterans
Authors: Holliday Ryan , Desai Alisha , Edwards Emily R. , Borges Lauren M. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Justice-involved veterans are more likely to experience myriad mental health sequelae. Nonetheless, examination of personality psychopathology among justice-involved veterans remains limited, with studies focused on males within correctional settings. We examined Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) electronic medical records for 1,534,108 (12.28% justice-involved) male and 127,230 (8.79% justice-involved) female veterans. Male and female veterans accessing VA justice-related services were both approximately three times more likely to have a personality disorder diagnosis relative to those with no history of using justice-related services. This effect persisted after accounting for VA use (both overall and mental health), age, race, and ethnicity. Augmenting and tailoring VA justice-related services to facilitate access to evidence-based psychotherapy for personality psychopathology may promote optimal recovery and rehabilitation among these veterans.
Temporal Location of Changes in the US Suicide Rate by Age, Ethnicity, and Race
Authors: Messias Erick , Salas Joanne , Wilson Lauren , Scherrer Jeffrey F. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Suicide rates differ over time. Our objective was to determine when significant changes occurred by age, race, and ethnicity in the United States between 1999 and 2020. National Center for Health Statistics WONDER data were used in joinpoint regression. The annual percent change in suicide rate increased for all race, ethnic, and age groups, except for those 65 years and older. For American Indian/Alaska Natives, the largest increase occurred between 2010 and 2020 for those with ages 25 to 34 years. For Asian/Pacific Islander, the largest increase occurred among those 15 to 24 years old between 2011 and 2016. For Black/African-Americans, the largest increases occurred between 2010 and 2020 among 15- to 34-year-olds. For Whites, the largest increase occurred between 2014 and 2017 among 15- to 24-year-olds. Between 2018 and 2020, suicide rates significantly declined among Whites 45 to 64 years of age. Among Hispanics, significant increases in suicide rate occurred between 2012 and 2020 among those with ages 15 to 44 years. Between 1999 and 2020, the contour of suicide burden varied by age groups, race, and ethnicity.
PULMONARY VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GLYCOCALYX DEGRADATION CONTRIBUTES TO ACUTE LUNG INJURY IN EXPERIENCING HEATSTROKE
Authors: Cao Jingjing , Ding Chengjia , Huang Jieen , Chen Yanzhu , Chen Yi 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT

Objectives: This study investigated the role and potential involvement of pulmonary vascular glycocalyx degradation in acute lung injury in rats with severe heatstroke (HS). Methods: Rats in an established HS model were exposed to a heated environment for 60 min in an incubator (temperature, 40°C ± 2°C; humidity, 65% ± 5%). Following pretreatment with heparanase III (HPSE III) or heparin, pathological lung injury, arterial blood gas, alveolar barrier disruption, and hemodynamic changes were evaluated. The vascular endothelial structures of the lungs were examined using electron microscopy. The concentration of Evans blue dye in the lungs and arterial blood gas were assessed. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to quantify the plasma concentration of heparan sulfate proteoglycan. The expression of glypican-1 and syndecan-1 in pulmonary vessels was measured using immunofluorescence. Western blots were used to detect the expression of TNF-α, IL-6, and vascular endothelial biomarkers in the rat lungs. Pulmonary apoptosis was assessed using a TUNEL (terminal dUTP nick end labeling) assay, and the concentrations of malondialdehyde were measured. Results: Glycocalyx shedding aggravated lung injuries. Severe histopathological damage was observed, and indexes of lung function deviated from abnormal ranges. In addition, pulmonary vascular endothelial cells were disrupted. Compared with the HS group, the plasma concentration of heparan sulfate proteoglycan significantly increased in the HPSE group (P < 0.05). The expression of glypican-1 and syndecan-1 decreased, and the extravasation of Evans blue dye increased (P < 0.01). Endothelial biomarker expression increased in the lung tissue, whereas occludin expression decreased. Moreover, TNF-α and IL-6 were overexpressed following heat stress. Furthermore, apoptosis of pulmonary tissues and the concentration of malondialdehyde in rat lungs increased in the HS and HPSE groups. Conclusions: Heatstroke induced pulmonary glycocalyx degradation, which increased vascular permeability and aggravated vascular endothelial dysfunction, contributing to apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidation in the pulmonary tissues.
Development and evaluation of a reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for rapid typing of serotype O foot-and-mouth disease virus in endemic regions of Tanzania
Authors: Mueni Sarah N. , Kandusi Sengiyumva E. , Njau Emma P. , Kasanga Christopher J. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractFoot-and-mouth disease (FMD) caused by FMD virus, is a highly infectious viral disease affecting livestock. Diagnosis plays a vital role in disease control and management during disease outbreaks. Available serotyping approaches are costly, time-consuming, requires complex equipment and trained personnel, warranting development of a diagnostic method that addresses this gap. In this retrospective study, a reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) assay for the detection of serotype O FMDV was developed and evaluated using forty-three FMDV isolates from cattle. The specificity of the assay was tested against other FMDV isolates (serotypes A, SAT 1 and SAT 3). Only FMDV serotype O samples could be amplified within 26 min with an anneal derivative temperature of 87.02 degree celsius. Additionally, the assay amplified the viral protein 1 (VP1) gene with a detection limit of 0.0378 ng/μl. This molecular diagnostic approach has potential future application in improving FMDV surveillance as it provides baseline information for controlling FMD outbreaks in Tanzania and other Eastern and Southern African countries.
Clathrin Light Chains are essential in negative regulation of cell death and immunity in Arabidopsis through interacting with autophagy pathway
Authors: Lan Hu-Jiao , Ran Jie , Zhang Lei , Wu Ni-Ni , Wang Wen-Xu , Ni Min , Cheng Ninghui , Nakata Paul A. , Pan Jianwei , Whitham Steven A. , Liu Jian-Zhong 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACTClathrin plays a critical role in clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) in plants, and it is required for autophagy in mammals. However, the functional interconnection of clathrin with autophagy has not been firmly established in plants. Here, we demonstrate that loss of function of clathrin light chain (CLC) subunit 2 and 3 results in salicylic acid (SA)- and H2O2-dependent accelerated senescence and activated defense responses in Arabidopsis, which are hallmarks of the autophagy-related gene (ATG) mutants. Similar toatgmutants, theclc2-1clc3-1double mutant has enhanced sensitivity to both carbon and nitrogen starvation and enhanced resistance to biotrophic bacterial and fungal pathogens. In addition, the autophagy flux was significantly reduced in the roots ofclc2-1clc3-1mutant plants relative to Col-0 plants under carbon starvation conditions. Furthermore, our Yeast-2-hybrid (Y2H) and Luciferase complementation assays showed that CLC2 directly interacted with ATG8h and ATG8i. Mutations within the unique ATG8-interacting motif (AIM) of CLC2 as well as at the LIR/AIM-docking site (LDS) of ATG8h abolished the interaction between CLC2 and ATG8h. As anticipated, both GFP-ATG8h/GFP-ATG8i and CLC2 were subjected to autophagic degradation in the vacuoles. Together, our data revealed that the accelerated senescence and activated immune responses observed in Arabidopsisclc2-1clc3-1mutant plants result from impaired autophagy, and CLC2 participates in autophagy through direct interactions with ATG8h and ATG8i in an AIM1- and LDS-dependent manner. Our results unveil a previously unidentified link between the function of CLCs and autophagy.
SpotLight proteomics identifies variable sequences of blood antibodies specific against deamidated human serum albumin
Authors: Wang Jijing , Lundström Susanna L. , Lu Weiqi , Huang Yiqi , Rodin Sergey , Zubarev Roman A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSpontaneous deamidation of asparaginyl residues in proteins, if not repaired or cleared, can set in motion a cascade that leads to deteriorated health. Previously, we have discovered that deamidated human serum albumin (HSA) is elevated in blood of patients with Alzheimer’s disease and other neurodegenerative diseases, while the level of endogenous antibodies against deamidated HSA is significantly diminished, creating an imbalance between the risk factor and the defense against it. Endogenous antibodies against deamidated proteins are still unexplored. In the current study, we employed the SpotLight proteomics approach to identify novel amino acid sequences in antibodies specific to deamidated HSA. The results provide new insights into the clearance mechanism of deamidated proteins, a possible avenue for prevention of neurodegeneration.
Construction of a risk prediction model of postoperative delirium in older patients undergoing spinal surgery: Protocol of a single-center observational cohort study
Authors: Liu Qian , Jiao Meng , Huang Ke , Feng Xuexin , Wang Tianlong 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundDelirium is an acute mental disorder and a common postoperative complication. Age is an independent marker of the development of postoperative delirium. In older patients, delirium leads to numerous detrimental effects. We will mainly explore the incidence and potential risk variables of postoperative delirium in older patients undergoing spinal surgery, focusing on some preoperative and intraoperative indicators.Study design and methodsThis single-center prospective, observational, cohort study will investigate the incidence of delirium in patients aged ≥65 years undergoing spinal surgery and construct a postoperative delirium risk prediction model. We will use potential multiple risk factors reported in recent studies. Follow-up starts on the first day after the operation, and delirium assessment is conducted until 7 days after the operation. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression will be used to filter variables, and logistic regression will be utilized to build a prediction model using the selected variables. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve will be used to evaluate the accuracy of the prediction model. The clinical net benefit of the model will be evaluated using decision curve analysis.DiscussionThis study will construct a clinically effective model to predict the occurrence of postoperative delirium in older patients undergoing spinal surgery.
Coordinated regulation of gene expression inPlasmodiumfemale gametocytes by two transcription factors
Authors: Murata Yuho , Nishi Tsubasa , Kaneko Izumi , Iwanaga Shiroh , Yuda Masao 
Published: April 2023

AbstractGametocytes play key roles in thePlasmodiumlifecycle. They are essential for sexual reproduction as precursors of the gametes. They also play an essential role in parasite transmission to mosquitoes. Elucidation of the gene regulation at this stage is essential for understanding these two processes at the molecular level and for developing new strategies to break the parasite life cycle. We identified a novelPlasmodiumtranscription factor (TF), designated as a partner of AP2-FG or PFG. In this paper, we report that this TF regulates the gene expression in female gametocytes in concert with another female-specific TF AP2-FG. Upon the disruption ofPFG, majority of female-specific genes were significantly downregulated, and female gametocyte lost the ability to produce ookinetes. ChIP-seq analysis showed that it was located in the same position as AP2-FG, indicating that these two TFs form a complex. ChIP-seq analysis of PFG inAP2-FG-disrupted parasites and ChIP-seq analysis of AP2-FG inPFG-disrupted parasites demonstrated that PFG mediates the binding of AP2-FG to the ten-base motif and that AP2-FG binds another motif, GCTCA, in the absence of PFG. In promoter assays, this five-base motif was identified as another female-specific cis-acting element. Genes under the control of the two forms of AP2-FG, with or without PFG, partly overlapped; however, each form had target preferences. These results suggested that combinations of these two forms generate various expression patterns among the extensive genes expressed in female gametocytes.
A paradigm for post-embryonic Oct4 re-expression: E7-induced hydroxymethylation regulates Oct4 expression in cervical cancer
Authors: Panayiotou Theofano , Eftychiou Marios , Patera Eleutherios , Promponas Vasilis , Strati Katerina 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe Octamer-binding transcription factor-4 (Oct4) is upregulated in different malignancies, yet a paradigm for mechanisms of Oct4 post-embryonic re-expression is inadequately understood. In cervical cancer, Oct4 expression is higher in HPV-related than HPV-unrelated cervical cancers and this upregulation correlates with the expression of the E7 oncogene. We have reported that E7 affects the Oct4-transcriptional output and Oct4-related phenotypes in cervical cancer, however, the underlying mechanism remains elusive. Here, we characterize the Oct4-protein interactions in cervical cancer cells and reveal that Methyl-binding proteins (MBD2 and MBD3), are determinants of Oct4 driven transcription. E7 triggers MBD2 downregulation and TET1 upregulation, thereby disrupting the methylation status of the Oct4 gene. This coincides with an increase in the total DNA hydroxymethylation leading to the re-expression of Oct4 in cervical cancer and likely affecting broader transcriptional patterns. Our findings reveal a previously unreported mechanism by which the E7 oncogene can regulate transcription by increasing DNA hydroxymethylation and lowering the barrier to cellular plasticity during carcinogenesis.TeaserE7 modulates Oct4 interactions and related characteristics in cervical cancer cells by altering the DNA methylome.
Testing immediate dosage compensation by irradiation of heavy-ion beams toDrosophila miranda
Authors: Ogawa Masafumi , Tsuneizumi Kazuhide , Abe Tomoko , Nozawa Masafumi 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMany organisms with heteromorphic sex chromosomes have a mechanism of dosage compensation (DC) in which X-linked genes are upregulated in males to mitigate dosage imbalance between sexes and between chromosomes. However, how quickly the DC is established during evolution remains elusive. In this study, irradiating the heavy-ion beams toDrosophila mirandathat have young sex chromosomes, the so-called neo-sex chromosomes, we induced deletions on the neo-Y chromosome to mimic the situation of Y-chromosome degeneration in which functional neo-Y-linked genes were just nonfunctionalized and tested if their neo-X-linked gametologs were immediately upregulated. Since the males with the 2-Gy irradiation of iron-ion beam showed a lower fertility, we sequenced the genomes and transcriptomes of six F1males derived from these males. Our pipeline identified 82 neo-Y-linked genes in which deletions were predicted in the F1males. However, all but three of them had paralogs in addition to their neo-X-linked gametologs. Moreover, candidate deletions in the remaining three genes that showed one-to-one gametologous relationship with the neo-X-linked genes occurred in UTRs and did not affect the expression levels of these genes. Therefore, we were unable to directly evaluate whether DC immediately operated on the neo-X-linked genes in response to the disruption of their neo-Y-linked gametologs. Yet, our observation that the deletions occurred less frequently in one-to-one gametologs indirectly suggests that DC unlikely operated on the neo-X-linked genes immediately after the pseudogenization of their neo-Y-linked gametologs inD. miranda. Therefore, dosage imbalance due to deletions in the neo-Y-linked genes without paralogs may not have effectively been compensated and individuals with such deletions could have become lethal. We speculate that the neo-sex chromosomes inD. mirandamay be too young to establish the immediate DC. Future studies on sex chromosomes with different ages will further evaluate our tentative conclusion.
Encystation stimuli sensing mediated by adenylate cyclase AC2-dependent cAMP signaling inGiardia
Authors: Shih Han-Wei , Alas Germain C.M. , Paredez Alexander R. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractProtozoan parasites use cAMP signaling to precisely regulate the place and time of developmental differentiation, yet it is unclear how this signaling is initiated. Encystation of the intestinal parasiteGiardia lambliacan be activated by multiple stimuli, which we hypothesize result in a common physiological change. We demonstrate that bile alters plasma membrane fluidity by reducing cholesterol-rich lipid microdomains, while alkaline pH enhances bile function. Through depletion of the cAMP producing enzyme Adenylate Cyclase 2 (AC2) and the use of a newly developedGiardia-specific cAMP sensor, we show that AC2 is necessary for encystation stimuli-induced cAMP upregulation and activation of downstream signaling. Conversely, over expression of AC2 or exogenous cAMP were sufficient to initiate encystation. Our findings indicate that encystation stimuli induce membrane reorganization, trigger AC2- dependent cAMP upregulation, and initiate encystation-specific gene expression, thereby advancing our understanding of a critical stage in the life cycle of a globally important parasite.