bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Variation among arthropod taxa in the amino acid content of exoskeleton and digestible tissue
Authors: Reeves J. T. , Herzog Colton , Barnes Cody L. , Davis Craig A. , Fuhlendorf Samuel D. , Wilder Shawn M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractArthropod consumption provides amino acids to invertebrates and vertebrates alike, but not all amino acids in arthropods may be digestible as some are bound in the exoskeleton. Consumers may not be able to digest exoskeleton in significant amounts or avoid it entirely (e.g., extraoral digestion). Hence, measures that do not separate digestible amino acids from those in exoskeleton may not accurately represent the amino acids available to consumers. Additionally, arthropods are taxonomically diverse, and it remains unclear if taxonomic differences also reflect differences in amino acid availability. Thus, we tested: (1) if there were consistent differences in the content and balance of amino acids between the digestible tissue and exoskeleton of arthropods and (2) if arthropod Orders differ in amino acid content and balance. We measured the amino acid content (mg/100 mg dry mass) and balance (mg/100 mg protein) of whole bodies and exoskeleton of a variety of arthropods using acid hydrolysis. Overall, there was higher amino acid content in digestible tissue. There were also significant differences in the amino acid balance of proteins in digestible tissue and exoskeleton. Amino acid content and balance also varied among Orders; digestible tissues of Hemiptera contained more of some essential amino acids than other Orders. These results demonstrate that arthropod taxa vary in amino acid content, which could have implications for prey choice by insectivores. In addition, exoskeleton and digestible tissue content differ in arthropods, which means that whole body amino acid content of an arthropod is not necessarily a predictor of amino acid intake of a predator that feeds on that arthropod.
The optimal definition and prediction nomogram for left ventricular remodelling after acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Zhang Sicheng , Zhu Zheng , Luo Manqing , Chen Lichuan , He Chen , You Zhebin , He Haoming , Lin Maoqing , Zhang Liwei , Lin Kaiyang , Guo Yansong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimsLeft ventricular (LV) remodelling after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is associated with heart failure and increased mortality. There was no consensus on the definition of LV remodelling, and the prognostic value of LV remodelling with different definitions has not been compared. We aimed to find the optimal definition and develop a prediction nomogram as well as online calculator that can identify patients at risk of LV remodelling.Methods and resultsThis prospective, observational study included 829 AMI patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention from January 2015 to January 2020. Echocardiography was performed within the 48 h of admission and at 6 months after infarction to evaluate LV remodelling, defined as a 20% increase in LV end‐diastolic volume (LVEDV), a 15% increase in LV end‐systolic volume (LVESV), or LV ejection fraction (LVEF) < 50% at 6 months. The impact of LV remodelling on long‐term outcomes was analysed. Lasso regression was performed to screen potential predictors, and multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted to establish the prediction nomogram. The area under the curve, calibration curve and decision curve analyses were used to determine the discrimination, calibration and clinical usefulness of the remodelling nomogram. The incidences of LV remodelling defined by LVEDV, LVESV and LVEF were 24.85% (n = 206), 28.71% (n = 238) and 14.60% (n = 121), respectively. Multivariable Cox regression models demonstrated that different definitions of LV remodelling were independently associated with the composite endpoint. However, only remodelling defined by LVEF was significantly connected with long‐term mortality (hazard ratio = 2.78, 95% confidence interval 1.41–5.48, P = 0.003). Seven variables were selected to construct the remodelling nomogram, including diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, AMI type, stent length, N‐terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide, troponin I, and glucose. The prediction model had an area under the receiver operating characteristics curve of 0.766. The calibration curve and decision curve analysis indicated consistency and better net benefit in the prediction model.ConclusionsLV remodelling defined by LVEDV, LVESV and LVEF were independent predictors for long‐term mortality or heart failure hospitalization in AMI patients after percutaneous coronary intervention. However, only remodelling defined by LVEF was suitable for predicting all‐cause death. In addition, the nomogram can provide an accurate and effective tool for the prediction of postinfarct remodelling.
Low‐complexity joint equalization and CFO compensation in uplink SC‐FDMA NOMA system under different power allocation strategies
Authors: D Judson , Portia A. Annie , Livingston L. G. X. Agnel 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn current wireless systems, the claim for rapid data services has become unavoidable in broadband communication. Single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC‐FDMA) has remained a multiple access (MA) technique with low peak‐to‐average power ratio (PAPR) in 4G systems. Non‐orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is a complimentary MA technique in the fifth generation (5G) new radio with the capability of using similar frequency elements for multiuser communication within a single cellular system. In SC‐FDMA NOMA systems the carrier frequency offsets (CFO) destroy the orthogonal behavior in multiple carriers during transmission leading to inter‐carrier interference (ICI) and multiple access interference (MAI). Furthermore, the power allocated for each user in the NOMA cluster exhibits a noticeable part in enhancing the performance of the system. In this article, we propose a joint low‐complexity linear regularized zero forcing (JLC‐LRZF) for SC‐FDMA NOMA system and investigate its performance using discrete Fourier transform (DFT) and discrete cosine transform (DCT). The proposed JLC‐LRZF equalization algorithm is capable of performing equalization and CFO compensation with low‐complexity with banded‐matrix approximation (BMA). Additionally, we investigate the effectiveness of SC‐FDMA NOMA system in achieving improved performance with different values of CFO and power allocation policies in uniform random multipath channels.
Children's preferences of the colour composition of art paintings
Authors: Imura Tomoko , Shirai Nobu , Kondo Taisei , Nakauchi Shigeki 
Published: July 2023

AbstractColour composition is acknowledged as a key contributor to aesthetic evaluation in visual art. Adult observers tend to prefer colour compositions that are particularly close to the original, regardless of the painting's category or the observer's cultural background. In this study, we examined whether children aged 5–12 years expressed a preference for the colour composition of original paintings using three scene types: abstract, figure, and botanical. The children each selected one of their preferred images from the paintings with four different colour compositions, including the original hue. A preference for the colour compositions of original figure paintings emerged between the ages of 5 and 8, and a similar preference for abstract and botanical paintings emerged between the ages of 9 and 12. Thus, preferences regarding colour composition in paintings are gradually acquired from childhood to adulthood.Highlights
Children aged 9–12 years showed a preference for colour compositions closer to the originals, as did adults.
Children aged 5–8 years showed no particular colour preference for abstract or botanical paintings but did show a preference for figure paintings that were closest to the original with respect to colour composition.
Preferences for original colour composition in painting develop gradually from childhood to adulthood.
Spatio‐temporal dynamics of human−elephant conflict in a valley of pineapple plantations
Authors: Kochprapa Poldej , Savini Chution , Ngoprasert Dusit , Savini Tommaso , Gale George A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractHuman−elephant conflict (HEC) is a major conservation challenge negatively impacting elephant populations and local agricultural livelihoods. Studies of drivers and spatiotemporal patterns of HEC have potential to indicate where mitigation actions should be prioritized with the goal of achieving long‐term coexistence. We examined temporal and spatial patterns of elephant crop raiding adjacent to Kuiburi National Park in southern Thailand by assessing locations of elephant raids in conjunction with multiple environmental variables along with crop characteristics and crop availability. Raiding incidents primarily happened in pineapple plantations, however compositional analysis suggested that fruit orchards were most preferred by elephants probably reflecting the high frequency of raiding in orchards relative to their small spatial area. Logistic regression models predicted that crop type and crop maturity stage, distance to forest and mitigation strategy combined had the strongest support in explaining the probability of crop raiding. Relative probability of raiding appeared to be associated with crop accessibility for elephants and perhaps crop nutrient value, with orchards with ripe fruit being most raided, while oil palm the least. The most frequently used mitigation measure was guarding by local people and could lower the probability when compared with other mitigations, although the relative effectiveness did not show a clear pattern; local guarding, patrolling by park rangers and physical barriers appeared to have some benefit but elephant‐preferred crops still had >40% chance of being raided. Other results also indicated that water availability and season were not associated with elephant raiding, but rather crop type/crop stage had the most influence. The surprising lack of seasonality was likely due to the availability of the elephant's preferred crops year‐round. Finally, our results indicated that there is no zone in Kuiburi that is free from elephant raiding, leaving the entire community vulnerable. We recommend improvements in the mitigation measures through better coordination among stakeholders in such communities and development of concrete action plans for all stakeholders including an extensive market‐based examination of the feasibility of growing crops less preferred by elephants.
Adolescents' perspectives about their digital and connective literacies
Authors: Washburn Jocelyn , Myers Suzanne 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAs a term, “connective literacies” refers to the reading, writing, speaking, listening, viewing, and critical thinking skills necessary for students to engage and interact meaningfully, productively, and safely in a variety of digitally connected spaces. Using a critical literacies approach to honor the voices of adolescents as producers and consumers of online texts, in the present study, researchers conducted two focus groups of nine eighth‐grade students. Adolescents shared their insights about their use of connective literacy skills in and outside of school, including how they use digital technologies, and how they connect with others in digital spaces. Researchers share and discuss five thematic findings, using transcript excerpts as illustrations to present adolescents' perspectives. Finally, we offer future directions for educators, policymakers, researchers, families, and students to advance adolescents' connective literacy skills.
Anabolic and Antiresorptive Osteoporosis Treatment: Trends, Costs, and Sequence in a Commercially Insured Population, 2003–2021
Authors: Wadhwa Harsh , Wu Janet Y , Lee Jennifer S , Zygourakis Corinna C 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACTNew anabolic medications (abaloparatide and romosozumab) were recently approved for osteoporosis, and data suggest that prescribing antiresorptive medications after a course of anabolic medications offers better outcomes. This study aimed to characterize prescription trends, demographics, geographical distributions, out‐of‐pocket costs, and treatment sequences for anabolic and antiresorptive osteoporosis medications. Using a commercial claims database (Clinformatics Data Mart), adult patients with osteoporosis from 2003 to 2021 were retrospectively reviewed and stratified based on osteoporosis medication class. Patient demographics and socioeconomic variables, provider types, and out‐of‐pocket costs were collected. Multivariable regression analyses were used to identify independent predictors of receiving osteoporosis treatment. A total of 2,988,826 patients with osteoporosis were identified; 616,635 (20.6%) received treatment. Patients who were female, Hispanic or Asian, in the Western US, had higher net worth, or had greater comorbidity burden were more likely to receive osteoporosis medications. Among patients who received medication, 31,112 (5.0%) received anabolic medication; these were more likely to be younger, White patients with higher education level, net worth, and greater comorbidity burden. Providers who prescribed the most anabolic medications were rheumatologists (18.5%), endocrinologists (16.8%), and general internists (15.3%). Osteoporosis medication prescriptions increased fourfold from 2003 to 2020, whereas anabolic medication prescriptions did not increase at this rate. Median out‐of‐pocket costs were $17 higher for anabolic than antiresorptive medications, though costs for anabolic medications decreased significantly from 2003 to 2020 (compound annual growth rate: −0.6%). A total of 8388 (1.4%) patients tried two or more osteoporosis medications, and 0.6% followed the optimal treatment sequence. Prescription of anabolic osteoporosis medications has not kept pace with overall osteoporosis treatment, and there are socioeconomic disparities in anabolic medication prescription, potentially driven by higher median out‐of‐pocket costs. Although prescribing antiresorptive medications after a course of anabolic medications offers better outcomes, this treatment sequence occurred in only 0.6% of the study cohort. © 2023 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Impact of climate factors and climate–gene interaction on systemic lupus erythematosus patients' response to glucocorticoids therapy
Authors: Zhang Tingyu , Xie Qiaomei , Wang Linlin , Wang Yuhua , Yan Ziye , Li Zhen , Teng Ying , Xu Zhiwei , Chen Yangfan , Pan Faming , Tao Jinhui , Cai Jing , Liang Chunmei , Pan Haifeng , Su Hong , Cheng Jian , Hu Wenbiao , Zou Yanfeng 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundGlucocorticoids (GCs) were the essential drugs for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, different patients differ substantially in their response to GCs treatment. Our current study aims at investigating whether climate variability and climate‐gene interaction influence SLE patients' response to the therapy of GCs.MethodsIn total, 778 SLE patients received therapy of GCs for a study of 12‐week follow‐up. The efficacy of GCs treatment was evaluated using the Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index. The climatic data were provided by China Meteorological Data Service Center. Additive and multiplicative interactions were examined.ResultsCompared with patients with autumn onset, the efficacy of GCs in patients with winter onset is relatively poor (ORadj = 1.805, 95%CIadj: 1.181–3.014, padj = 0.020). High mean relative humidity during treatment decreased the efficacy of GCs (ORadj = 1.033, 95%CIadj: 1.008–1.058, padj = 0.011), especially in female (ORadj = 1.039, 95%CIadj: 1.012–1.067, padj = 0.004). There was a significant interaction between sunshine during treatment and TRAP1 gene rs12597773 on GCs efficacy (Recessive model: AP = 0.770). No evidence of significant interaction was found between climate factors and the GR gene polymorphism on the improved GCs efficacy in the additive model. Multiplicative interaction was found between humidity in the month prior to treatment and GR gene rs4912905 on GCs efficacy (Dominant model: OR = 0.470, 95%CI: 0.244–0.905, p = 0.024).ConclusionsOur findings suggest that climate variability influences SLE patients' response to the therapy of GCs. Interactions between climate and TRAP1/GR gene polymorphisms were related to GCs efficacy. The results guide the individualized treatment of SLE patients.
Start‐up and operation of anammox biofilter in treating low‐strength ammonia wastewater prepared by tail water from a municipal wastewater treatment plant
Authors: Jin Deyuan , Li Gaigai , Ning Dingying , Guo Wuke , Tian Wenqing , Liang Jidong , Ji Hua 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDEconomic technology of advanced nitrogen removal of municipal wastewater is urgently needed. In this study, anammox biofilter (A‐BF) as a carbon‐ and energy‐saving advanced nitrogen removal process was tested under the conditions of sewage secondary effluent.RESULTSThe results showed that A‐BF could be successfully started up under total nitrogen (TN) of both 25 and 75 mg L−1 within 30 days at 25 °C. It achieved a nitrogen removal rate of 0.62 ± 0.08 kg‐N m−3 d−1 with nitrogen loading rate of 1.35 kg‐N m−3 d−1 at TN of 17 mg L−1. The ceramsite bed was conducive to the formation of biofilm and enrichment of functional microorganisms. The volatile suspended solid reached 1.39–7.33 g L−1, in which the abundance of the typical anammox bacteria Candidatus_Brocadia and Candidatus_Kuenenia occupied 0.96–1.35% and 0.29–0.92%, respectively.CONCLUSIONSOverall, under low TN concentration and high nitrogen load, A‐BF could be a candidate technique for advanced nitrogen removal of municipal sewage. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Screening and application of purine degrading Limosilactobacillus fermentum LF‐1 from Huangjiu fermentation broth
Authors: Wang Xianglin , Yang Shaojie , Lu Jian , Xie Guangfa , Wu Dianhui 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDAs the important building blocks of nucleic acids, purines are alkaloids and responsible for hyperuricemia and gout. The purine content in Huangjiu is higher, and mainly exists in the form of free bases, which is easier to be absorbed by human body. However, the currently available reports on purine in Huangjiu mainly focus on detection methods and content survey. No studies on the regulation of the purine content in Huangjiu have been reported.RESULTSEighty‐four strains, with the degradation capacity of purine, were screened from the fermentation broth of Huangjiu. In detail, the isolated lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strain 75 # showed the strongest degradation ability of guanosine, inosine and four purines, which reduce their levels by 83.4% (guanosine), 97.4% (inosine), 95.1% (adenine), 95.0% (guanine), 94.9% (hypoxanthine) and 65.9% (xanthine), respectively. Subsequently, the LAB strain 75# was identified to be Limosilactobacillus fermentum by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, which was named as Limosilactobacillus fermentum LF‐1 and applied to the fermentation of Huangjiu in the laboratory. Compared with the fermentation broth of Huangjiu without adding L. fermentum LF‐1, the content of purine compounds in the fermentation broth inoculated with L. fermentum LF‐1 was reduced by 64.7%. In addition, the fermented Huangjiu had richer flavor compounds, and the physicochemical indices were in accordance with the national standard of Chinese Huangjiu.CONCLUSIONThe screened strain L. fermentum LF‐1 may be a promising probiotic for the development of a novel that can efficiently degrade purine in Huangjiu. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Application of Dermatology Life Quality Index‐Relevant (DLQI‐R) in patients with moderate‐to‐severe plaque psoriasis treated with tildrakizumab
Authors: Laws Philip , Jardin Kristian Gaarn Du 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundTildrakizumab is an interleukin‐23p19 inhibitor approved for the treatment of moderate‐to‐severe plaque psoriasis. The new Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI)‐Relevant (DLQI‐R) scoring system avoids the bias in the not relevant response option of the DLQI by adjusting the total score to the relevant items.ObjectivesTo assess the impact of tildrakizumab on health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with moderate‐to‐severe psoriasis in the reSURFACE 2 phase 3 trial as measured with the original DLQI scoring and with the new DLQI‐R.MethodsPost hoc analysis of adult patients with moderate‐to‐severe plaque psoriasis from a double‐blinded, randomized, controlled, 52‐week trial. The presented analysis is based on observed cases.ResultsAt baseline, 31.9%/33.6%/40.0% of patients on tildrakizumab 100 mg/tildrakizumab 200 mg/placebo had ≥1 DLQI item marked as ‘not relevant’. The most frequently ‘not relevant’ items were ‘sport’ (14.0%/13.9%/15.5%) and ‘working/studying’ (13.4%/11.3%/12.9%), in the tildrakizumab 100 mg/tildrakizumab 200 mg/placebo groups, respectively. At baseline, 68.1%/73.0%, 60.3%/63.2% and 62.6%/65.8% of patients on tildrakizumab 100 mg, tildrakizumab 200 mg and placebo had a DLQI > 10/DLQI‐R > 10, respectively. Mean DLQI/DLQI‐R scores at baseline were 14.8/15.5, 13.3/14.1, and 14.1/15.0 in the tildrakizumab 100 mg, tildrakizumab 200 mg and placebo groups, respectively. The median change from baseline in both DLQI and DLQI‐R scores at Week 12 was greater in the tildrakizumab 100 mg and 200 mg groups versus placebo (−10.0, −9.0, −1.0 and −11.0, −9.3, −1.1, respectively). At Week 52, the median change from baseline in DLQI/DLQI‐R was −13.0/−14.0 and −10.0/−10.1 in the tildrakizumab 100 mg and 200 mg groups, respectively.ConclusionsTreatment with tildrakizumab resulted in significant and sustained improvements in HRQoL up to Week 52 in patients with moderate‐to‐severe psoriasis. The DLQI‐R provides a more unbiased HRQoL assessment ensuring that those who are unable to work/partake in sport have a truer assessment and opportunity for treatment.
Relationship among five‐factor personality traits and psychological distress with acoustic analysis
Authors: Saeedi Saeed , Dabirmoghaddam Payman , Soleimani Mehdi , Aghajanzadeh Mahshid 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectivesThe relationship between personality traits and psychological distress with acoustic characteristics was investigated in the present study, regarding the existence of dysphonia, abnormal overall voice quality (AOVQ), and dysphonia type.MethodsFifty‐five participants with dysphonia and 64 participants without dysphonia completed NEO Five‐Factor Inventory and Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale‐21. Jitter, shimmer, noise‐to‐harmonic ratio (NHR), cepstral peak prominence (CPP), and cepstral peak prominence‐smoothed (CPPS) were calculated in sustained vowel /a/ by Praat. Three expert speech and language pathologists divided participants with dysphonia into mild, moderate, and severe, based on the AOVQ. Pearson and Spearman correlation tests were performed by IBM SPSS Statistics.ResultsThe findings were indicative of large correlations between agreeableness with CPP, conscientiousness with shimmer, depression with jitter and shimmer, and anxiety with shimmer in patients with functional dysphonia (p < 0.05). The results showed small to medium significant correlations between agreeableness with jitter and NHR, conscientiousness with CPP in participants without dysphonia, and depression with jitter in the participants with dysphonia (p < 0.05). Lastly, no significant correlation was observed between personality traits and psychological distress with acoustic characteristics in mild, moderate, and severe AOVQ groups (p > 0.05).ConclusionIn participants with functional dysphonia, personality traits and psychological distress can provide some information about acoustic characteristics and vice versa.Level of Evidence3.