bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differences in prescriptions for systemic medications and nonsteroidal topicals among children with atopic dermatitis
Authors: Ahmed Fahad , Takeshita Junko , Wan Joy 
Published: February 2023

AbstractNonsteroidal topicals and systemic therapies are often utilized for atopic dermatitis (AD) in children with inadequate response to topical corticosteroids. We sought to characterize patient factors associated with prescriptions for nonsteroidal topical (tacrolimus, pimecrolimus, crisaborole), systemic immunosuppressant (methotrexate, mycophenolate, cyclosporine, azathioprine), and systemic corticosteroid therapy among children with AD. In a cross‐sectional study of patients <18 years old with AD seen at a large children's hospital between 2009 and 2017, we found that nonsteroidal topical and systemic medication prescriptions were associated with older age of the patient, male sex, comorbid atopy, greater healthcare utilization, specialist care, and race/ethnicity. Compared to White patients, Black and Hispanic patients were less likely to be prescribed nonsteroidal topicals and non‐White patients were less likely to be prescribed systemic medications, suggesting that further examination of potential disparities in pediatric AD treatment is needed.
Stop or Switch: Correlates of Stopping Use or Switching Contraceptive Methods While Wanting to Avoid Pregnancy in 48 Low‐ and Middle‐Income Countries
Authors: Sarnak Dana , Gemmill Alison , Bradley Sarah E. K. , Brecker Eve , Patierno Kaitlyn 
Published: February 2023

AbstractContraceptive discontinuation for method‐related reasons, while presumably wanting to avoid pregnancy, is a common phenomenon and can contribute to high levels of unmet need and unplanned pregnancies. Some women discontinue contraceptive use and do not quickly resume a method (“stopping”), while others are able to quickly switch to another method to achieve their reproductive goal of avoiding pregnancy (“switching”). We use Demographic and Health Survey data from 48 countries to examine what differentiates women who were able to switch to another method versus those who ultimately stopped entirely, among women who discontinued contraception for method‐related reasons. Results show that wanting to limit births, having ever been married, and recent prior use are all associated with switching versus stopping. In addition, we find that women in West and Middle Africa were more likely to stop use compared to women in other regions. Addressing obstacles to contraceptive continuation, including effective method switching, among women who wish to delay or avoid pregnancy should be a priority for global and country initiatives aiming to deliver client‐centered care that supports women and couples to make their best family planning choices.
Circulating exosome‐like vesicle and skeletal muscle microRNAs are altered with age and resistance training
Authors: Xhuti Donald , Nilsson Mats I. , Manta Katherine , Tarnopolsky Mark A. , Nederveen Joshua P. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe age‐related loss of skeletal muscle mass and functionality, known as sarcopenia, is a critical risk factor for morbidity and all‐cause mortality. Resistance exercise training (RET) is the primary countermeasure to fight sarcopenia and ageing. Altered intercellular communication is a hallmark of ageing, which is not well elucidated. Circulating extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes, contribute to intercellular communication by delivering microRNAs (miRNAs), which modulate post‐translational modifications, and have been shown to be released following exercise. There is little evidence regarding how EVs or EV‐miRNAs are altered with age or RET. Therefore, we sought to characterize circulating EVs in young and older individuals, prior to and following a 12‐week resistance exercise programme. Plasma EVs were isolated using size exclusion chromatography and ultracentrifugation. We found that ageing reduced circulating expression markers of CD9, and CD81. Using late‐passage human myotubes as a model for ageing in vitro, we show significantly lower secreted exosome‐like vesicles (ELVs). Further, levels of circulating ELV‐miRNAs associated with muscle health were lower in older individuals at baseline but increased following RET to levels comparable to young. Muscle biopsies show similar age‐related reductions in miRNA expressions, with largely no effect of training. This is reflected in vitro, where aged myotubes show significantly reduced expression of endogenous and secreted muscle‐specific miRNAs (myomiRs). Lastly, proteins associated with ELV and miRNA biogenesis were significantly higher in both older skeletal muscle tissues and aged human myotubes. Together we show that ageing significantly affects ELV and miRNA cargo biogenesis, and release. RET can partially normalize this altered intercellular communication.
imageKey points
We show that ageing reduces circulating expression of exosome‐like vesicle (ELV) markers, CD9 and CD81. Using late‐passage human skeletal myotubes as a model of ageing, we show that secreted ELV markers are significantly reduced in vitro.
We find circulating ELV miRNAs associated with skeletal muscle health are lower in older individuals but can increase following resistance exercise training (RET).
In skeletal muscle, we find altered expression of miRNAs in older individuals, with no effect of RET.
Late‐passage myotubes also appear to have aberrant production of endogenous myomiRs with lower abundance than youthful counterparts
In older skeletal muscle and late‐passage myotubes, proteins involved with ELV‐ and miRNA biogenesis are upregulated
Vibration Signal-Assisted Endpoint Detection for Long-Stretch, Ultraprecision Polishing Processes
Authors: Jin Shilan , Bukkapatnam Satish , Michael Hayes Sean , Ding Yu 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe research reported in this article is concerned with the question of detecting and subsequently determining the endpoint in a long-stretch, ultraprecision surface polishing process. While polishing endpoint detection has attracted much attention for several decades in the chemical-mechanical planarization of semiconductor wafer polishing processes, the uniqueness of the surface polishing process under our investigation calls for novel solutions. To tackle the research challenges, we develop both an offline model and an online detection method. The offline model is a functional regression that relates the vibration signals to the surface roughness, whereas the online procedure is a change-point detection method that detects the energy turning points in the vibration signals. Our study reveals a number of insights. The offline functional regression model shows clearly that the polishing process progresses in three states, including a saturation phase, over which the polishing action could be substantially shortened. The online detection method signals in real-time when to break a polishing cycle and to institute a follow-up inspection, rather than letting the machine engage in an overpolishing cycle for too long. When implemented properly, both sets of insights and the corresponding methods could lead to substantial savings in polishing time and energy and significantly improve the throughput of such polishing processes without inadvertently affecting the quality of the final polish.
The Challenge of Incomplete Data in Accelerometer Studies: Characteristics of Nonparticipation and Noncompliance in a Nationwide Sample of Adolescents and Young Adults in Germany
Authors: Manz Kristin , Burchartz Alexander , Niessner Claudia , Kolb Simon , Schienkiewitz Anja , Mensink Gert B.M. 
Published: February 2023

Background: Incomplete data due to nonparticipation and noncompliance with the study protocol can bias the results of studies. We investigated how a nationwide accelerometer sample of adolescents and young adults is affected by such incomplete data. Methods: We analyzed cross-sectional data from 6465 participants (11–31 y old) who participated in a national health survey in Germany (KiGGS Wave 2; 2014–2017). The data included information about the participation in the measurement of physical activity using accelerometers, compliance with the wear-time protocol, and sociodemographic and health-related variables. Multivariable regression analyses were conducted to detect factors associated with incomplete data. Results: Of the total sample, 78.0% participated in the accelerometer part of the study, and 83.5% of the participants with data available complied with the wear-time protocol. In 11- to 17-year-olds, the likelihood of having incomplete accelerometer data was higher in boys, older adolescents, adolescents with a lower sociodemographic status, adolescents with overweight, adolescents not participating in organized sport, adolescents not speaking only German at home, current smokers, and adolescents having a higher soft drink consumption. In 18- to 31-year-olds, the likelihood of having incomplete accelerometer data was higher in men, adults with a lower educational level, adults not speaking only German at home, and adults who smoke. Conclusions: Our results suggest that accelerometer samples are biased such that participants with more beneficial health behaviors provide complete accelerometer data more often. This knowledge should be used to design effective recruitment strategies and should be considered when interpreting results of accelerometer studies.
Slab to back-arc to arc: Fluid and melt pathways through the mantle wedge beneath the Lesser Antilles
Authors: Hicks Stephen P. , Bie Lidong , Rychert Catherine A. , Harmon Nicholas , Goes Saskia , Rietbrock Andreas , Wei Songqiao Shawn , Collier Jenny S. , Henstock Timothy J. , Lynch Lloyd , Prytulak Julie , Macpherson Colin G. , Schlaphorst David , Wilkinson Jamie J. , Blundy Jonathan D. , Cooper George F. , Davy Richard G. , Kendall John-Michael ,   VoiLA Working Group
Published: February 2023

Volatiles expelled from subducted plates promote melting of the overlying warm mantle, feeding arc volcanism. However, debates continue over the factors controlling melt generation and transport, and how these determine the placement of volcanoes. To broaden our synoptic view of these fundamental mantle wedge processes, we image seismic attenuation beneath the Lesser Antilles arc, an end-member system that slowly subducts old, tectonized lithosphere. Punctuated anomalies with high ratios of bulk-to-shear attenuation (
Q
κ
−1
/
Q
μ
−1
> 0.6) and

V
P

/

V
S

(>1.83) lie 40 km above the slab, representing expelled fluids that are retained in a cold boundary layer, transporting fluids toward the back-arc. The strongest attenuation (1000/

Q
S

~ 20), characterizing melt in warm mantle, lies beneath the back-arc, revealing how back-arc mantle feeds arc volcanoes. Melt ponds under the upper plate and percolates toward the arc along structures from earlier back-arc spreading, demonstrating how slab dehydration, upper-plate properties, past tectonics, and resulting melt pathways collectively condition volcanism.
Citation impact and reach of the IOC sport and exercise medicine consensus statements
Authors: Fortington Lauren V , Handcock Rebecca N , Derman Wayne , Emery Carolyn A , Pasanen Kati , Schwellnus Martin , Verhagen Evert , Finch A O Caroline F 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundResearch evidence is commonly compiled into expert-agreed consensus statements or guidelines, with an increasing trend towards their publication in peer-reviewed journals. Prominent among these has been the publication of several International Olympic Committee (IOC) tatements to help inform sport and exercise medicine (SEM) practice. This study aimed to assess the citation impact and reach of the IOC statements published between 2003 and 2020.MethodBibliometric analysis focused on identifying core publications (original statement and linked publications) and quantifying their academic citations (number and Field-Weighted Citation Impact (FWCI)) in journal articles up to February 2022. The analysis includes descriptive data on the country of IOC statement authorship affiliations, where they were published and by whom. The extent to which the IOC statements have been cited in the peer-reviewed literature is presented, together with information about the country of authorship of the citing papers as a measure of international academic reach.Results29 IOC statements were composed of 61 core publications. The IOC statements have had 9535 citations from 7863 citing publications. Individual FWCI ranged from 1.2 to 24.3 for core publications. The IOC statements were coauthored by multiple authors, mostly affiliated to countries with well-resourced SEM Authors of citing publications reflected the same geographical regions (ie, the USA, Canada, Australia, UK and western Europe.)ConclusionDisseminating the IOC statements as open access papers in peer-reviewed journals has resulted in strong citation impact. However, this impact is centred on well-resourced academic circles that may not represent the diversity of SEM. Further research is required to identify if, and to what extent, the IOC statements have impacted SEM practice worldwide.
Risk factors of lower extremity injuries in youth athletes
Authors: Kamiya Tomoaki , Teramoto Atsushi , Otsubo Hidenori , Matsumura Takashi , Ikeda Yasutoshi , Watanabe Kota , Yamashita Toshihiko 
Published: February 2023

ObjectiveLower extremity sports injuries frequently occur during an individual’s growth period. The object of the current study was to analyse the risk factors for lower extremity sports injuries for youth athletes. The secondary objective was to clarify the factors related to new injuries after a lower extremity injury.MethodsWe extracted information on youth athletes (aged 10–15 years) with sports-related disorders. Background data and injury situations were collected via a specific application. During the follow-up period, new injuries were also recorded. The athletes were divided into two groups according to injury location (lower extremity or other). We performed a multiple logistic regression analysis to clarify the association between injury location and background data.Results1575 complaints of lower extremity disorders and 328 complaints in other body parts were registered. According to the multiple regression analysis, practice time per week was significantly shorter for the lower extremity group than the other locations group (OR 0.98; 95% CI 0.963 to 0.999). Athletes whose future goal was at the recreational level had a significantly low incidence of new injuries after experiencing lower extremity disorders.ConclusionThe practice environments and psychological factors should receive more attention to prevent lower extremity injuries.
Prognostic biomarkers in prodromal α-synucleinopathies: DAT binding and REM sleep without atonia
Authors: Kunz Dieter , Stotz Sophia , de Zeeuw Jan , Papakonstantinou Alexandra , Dümchen Susanne , Haberecht Martin , Plotkin Michail , Bes Frederik 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundIsolated rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behaviour disorder (iRBD) is a prodromal state of clinical α-synucleinopathies such as Parkinson’s disease and Lewy body dementia. The lead-time until conversion is unknown. The most reliable marker of progression is reduced striatal dopamine transporter (DAT) binding, but low availability of imaging facilities limits general use. Our prospective observational study aimed to relate metrics of REM sleep without atonia (RWA)—a hallmark of RBD—to DAT-binding ratios in a large, homogeneous sample of patients with RBD to explore the utility of RWA as a marker of progression in prodromal α-synucleinopathies.MethodsDAT single-photon emission CT (SPECT) and video polysomnography (vPSG) were performed in 221 consecutive patients with clinically suspected RBD.ResultsvPSG confirmed RBD in 176 patients (162 iRBD, 14 phenoconverted, 45 non-synucleinopathies). Specific DAT-binding ratios differed significantly between groups, but showed considerable overlap. Most RWA metrics correlated significantly with DAT-SPECT ratios (eg, Montreal tonic vs most-affected-region: r=−0.525; p<0.001). In patients taking serotonergic/noradrenergic antidepressants or dopaminergic substances or with recent alcohol abuse, correlations were weaker, suggesting a confounding influence, unlike other possible confounders such as beta-blocker use or comorbid sleep apnoea.ConclusionsIn this large single-centre prospective observational study, we found evidence that DAT-binding ratios in patients with iRBD can be used to describe a continuum in the neurodegenerative process. Overlap with non-synucleinopathies and clinical α-synucleinopathies, however, precludes the use of DAT-binding ratios as a precise diagnostic marker. The parallel course of RWA metrics and DAT-binding ratios suggests in addition to existing data that RWA, part of the routine diagnostic workup in these patients, may represent a marker of progression. Based on our findings, we suggest ranges of RWA values to estimate whether patients are in an early, medium or advanced state within the prodromal phase of α-synucleinopathies, providing them with important information about time until possible conversion.
The Persistence of Primitivism and the Debt Collectors
Authors: Harney Elizabeth 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
As the discipline of Art History increasingly aims to decolonize the gaze, questions have become paramount around cross-cultural influence and indebtedness, the traffic and translation of forms and ideas in the colonial modern era, and the mechanisms of postcolonial retrospection.
Harney addresses these questions and the resonances of aesthetic primitivism in scholarship on African and diasporic modernisms and global contemporary artistic practices through a critical review of their weight within three recent volumes: Suzanne Preston Blier's Picasso's Demoiselles: The Untold Origins of a Modern Masterpiece (Duke UP, 2019), Joshua I. Cohen's The Black Renaissance: African Sculpture and Modernism Across Continents (UC Berkeley, 2020) and David Joselit's Heritage and Debt: Art in Globalization (MIT, 2020).
Individual Differences in Corticostriatal White-matter Tracts Predict Successful Daily-life Routine Formation
Authors: van de Vijver Irene , Verhoeven Aukje A. C. , de Wit Sanne 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Despite good intentions, people often fail to cross the “intention–behavior gap,” especially when goal achievement requires repeated action. To bridge this gap, the formation of automatized routines may be crucial. However, people may differ in the tendency to switch from goal-directed toward habitual control. To shed light on why some people succeed in forming routines while others struggle, the present study related the automatization of a novel, daily routine to individual differences in white-matter connectivity in corticostriatal networks that have been implicated in goal-directed and habitual control. Seventy-seven participants underwent diffusion-weighted imaging and formed the daily routine of taking a (placebo) pill for 3 weeks. Pill intake was measured by electronic pill boxes, and participants filled out a daily online questionnaire on the subjective automaticity of this behavior. Automatization of pill intake was negatively related to striatal (mainly caudate) connectivity with frontal goal-directed and cognitive control regions, namely, ventromedial pFC and anterior cingulate gyrus. Furthermore, daily pill intake was positively related to individual differences in striatal (mainly caudate) connectivity with cognitive control regions, including dorsolateral and anterior pFC. Therefore, strong control networks may be relevant for implementing a new routine but may not benefit its automatization. We also show that habit tendency (assessed with an outcome-devaluation task), conscientiousness, and daily life regularity were positively related to routine automatization. This translational study moves the field of habit research forward by relating self-reported routine automatization to individual differences in performance on an experimental habit measure and to brain connectivity.
Basal type I interferon signaling has only modest effects on neonatal and juvenile hematopoiesis
Authors: Li Yanan , Yang Wei , Wang Helen C. , Patel Riddhi M. , Casey Emily B. , Denby Elisabeth , Magee Jeffrey A. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Type I interferon (IFN-1) regulates gene expression and hematopoiesis both during development and in response to inflammatory stress. We previously showed that during development in mice, hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and multipotent progenitors (MPPs) induce IFN-1 target genes shortly before birth. This coincides with the onset of a transition to adult hematopoiesis, and it drives the expression of genes associated with antigen presentation. However, it is not clear whether perinatal IFN-1 modulates hematopoietic output, as has been observed in contexts of inflammation. We have characterized hematopoiesis at several different stages of blood formation, from HSCs to mature blood cells, and found that loss of the IFN-1 receptor (IFNAR1) leads to depletion of several phenotypic HSC and MPP subpopulations in neonatal and juvenile mice. Committed lymphoid and myeloid progenitor populations expand simultaneously. These changes had a surprisingly little effect on the production of more differentiated blood cells. Cellular indexing of transcriptomes and epitopes by sequencing resolved the discrepancy between the extensive changes in progenitor numbers and modest changes in hematopoiesis, revealing stability in most MPP populations in Ifnar1-deficient neonates when the populations were identified based on gene expression rather than surface marker phenotype. Thus, basal IFN-1 signaling has only modest effects on hematopoiesis. Discordance between transcriptionally and phenotypically defined MPP populations may affect interpretations of how IFN-1 shapes hematopoiesis in other contexts, such as aging or inflammation.
Exogenous gibberellic acid shortening after-ripening process and promoting seed germination in a medicinal plant Panax notoginseng
Authors: Ge Na , Jia Jin-Shan , Yang Ling , Huang Rong-Mei , Wang Qing-Yan , Chen Cui , Meng Zhen-Gui , Li Long-Geng , Chen Jun-Wen 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundPanax notoginseng(Burk) F.H. Chen is an essential plant in the family of Araliaceae. Its seeds are classified as a type of morphophysiological dormancy (MPD), and are characterized by recalcitrance during the after-ripening process. However, it is not clear about the molecular mechanism on the after-ripening in recalcitrant seeds.ResultsIn this study, exogenous supply of gibberellic acid (GA3) with different concentrations shortened after-ripening process and promoted the germination ofP. notoginsengseeds. Among the identified plant hormone metabolites, exogenous GA3results in an increased level of endogenous hormone GA3through permeation. A total of 2971 and 9827 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in response to 50 mg L−1GA3(LG) and 500 mg L−1GA3(HG) treatment, respectively, and the plant hormone signal and related metabolic pathways regulated by GA3was significantly enriched. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) revealed that GA3treatment enhances GA biosynthesis and accumulation, while inhibiting the gene expression related to ABA signal transduction. This effect was associated with higher expression of crucial seed embryo development and cell wall loosening genes,Leafy Contyledon1(LEC1),Late Embryogenesis Abundant(LEA),expansins(EXP) andPectinesterase(PME).ConclusionsExogenous GA3application promotes germination and shorts the after-ripening process ofP. notoginsengseeds by increasing GA3contents through permeation. Furthermore, the altered ratio of GA and ABA contributes to the development of the embryo, breaks the mechanical constraints of the seed coat and promotes the protrusion of the radicle in recalcitrantP. notoginsengseeds. These findings improve our knowledge of the contribution of GA to regulating the dormancy of MPD seeds during the after-ripening process, and provide new theoretical guidance for the application of recalcitrant seeds in agricultural production and storage.