bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Résorption radiculaire interne:” A case report on dual-phase management of extensive internal root resorption
Authors: Maity Ipsita , Das Lovely , Mazumdar Paromita , Ghosh Kushal Kumar 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This case study delves into an uncommon occurrence of internal root resorption (IRR), an inflammatory variant with perforation of root, in the left central incisor, which seems to have a prevalence ranging from 0.01% to 1%. The patient presented with pain in the upper left front tooth, leading to a diagnosis of pulpal necrosis with symptomatic apical periodontitis. The initial phase involved identifying the three-dimensional overview of resorption and perforation using cone-beam computed tomography and nonsurgical root canal treatment utilizing orthograde mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) placement and thermoplasticized obturation technique, aided by sonic-irrigation, and intracanal medicament under magnification. In the later phase, based on the clinical and radiographical evaluation and addressing the complexities of the perforative resorptive lesion, surgical approach needed to be performed. A 6-month follow-up revealed the arrest of IRR and a satisfactory overall outcome. This case report discusses the etiology, prevalence, clinical decision-making, and therapeutic management of IRR.
Antimicrobial efficacy of modified gutta-percha for obturation – A systematic review
Authors: Manobharathi G. , Raghu Sandhya , Krishnan Aruna 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Gutta Percha (GP) cones are made in an aseptic environment, a number of investigations have shown the presence of bacteria in recently opened boxes and this contamination rises with incorrect handling, storage and aerosol application. Numerous physicochemical techniques have been documented aiming to boost the antibacterial activity of GP cones while ensuring its obturation requirements. This systematic review aimed to critically evaluate the efficacy of antibacterial activity of GP modified with various antibacterial agents. The protocol for this systematic review has been registered with the PROSPERO International prospective register of systematic reviews, registry No. CRD42024573067. The search was carried out across reputable databases, including PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, Scopus and it was specifically designed to include articles published until March 2024. The search queries in the database were formulated with the basis of PICO questions in combination with various Boolean operators such as AND, OR. MeSH terms used for the search included GP, antibacterial agents, nanoparticles, root canal treatment, medicated GP. The extraction of the information was done by two independent authors. The evaluation of the methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using QUIN TOOL. This systematic review was reported following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA 2020) guidelines. Initial search yielded 51 studies from database search. Out of 51, 9 articles ultimately satisfied the requirements and were therefore discussed in the current systematic review. The included studies were assessed and data were extracted and tabulated. Based on the results of the current systematic review, modified GP with various antimicrobial agents showed significantly increased antibacterial effectiveness than standard GP.
The impact of organised educational campaigns on understanding of needle sticks injuries and related post-exposure HIV/AIDS prophylaxis
Authors: Garg Ram Kumar , Koundal Pooja , Sharma Poonam , Kumar Yogesh , Niwas Ram , Singh Jitendra 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:
For those who often use needles, such as nurses and laboratory professionals, needle stick injuries are a fact of life. Even if it’s not medical waste, it can still happen if you touch garbage. Approximately 385,000 healthcare professionals stab themselves unintentionally each year. The likelihood of virus transmission after a skin puncture injury depends on the person who used the object in the first place, the quantity of blood involved, the type of needle or syringe in question, the length of time since it was last used, and the type of injury. Post-exposure prophylaxis should be taken into account.

Objective:
The objective of the study is to assess the impact of a structured educational campaign on nursing students’ understanding of needle stick injuries and related post-exposure prophylaxis for HIV/AIDS.

Methodology:
Quasi experimental research design was used. Sixty nursing students B.Sc (N) and GNM (N) 1st year students were selected by using purposive sampling technique. The study was conducted at selected private nursing colleges at District Kangra, Himachal Pradesh.

Results:
In the pre-test knowledge score, (25%) nursing students had poor level of knowledge, (66.66%) nursing students had average level of knowledge, and (8.34%) nursing students had good level of knowledge. The post-test knowledge score (43.34%) nursing students had good level of knowledge, (56.66%) nursing students had average level of knowledge, and (0%) nursing students had poor level of knowledge The t value in the group was 9.50 which were highly significant at P < 0.05 level.

Conclusion:
Compared to video-assisted instruction, the lecture and demonstration technique is more successful. The fact that both teaching techniques contribute to improving understanding of HIV/AIDS and needle stick injuries.
Obesity as a risk factor for COVID-19 breakthrough infection among the fully vaccinated urban population of South Gujarat – A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Jha Mayank , Kholwadwala Pratham , Kalariya Vatsal , Rani Mamta , Patel Jayant , Shah Hitesh , Shukla Rushikesh 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Background and Objectives:
There is more possibility of COVID-19 among obese people; hence, research into how well vaccinations work in this population should be focused. More scientific studies are required to document the effect of body mass index (BMI) on the usefulness of the adenovirus vector vaccine as reviews are lacking. This study was done to see the association between obesity with COVID-19 infections due to poor vaccine response among them.

Methods:
A cohort of fully vaccinated individuals of a city in western India were contacted, and a retrospective cohort study was conducted. An average of 400–425 participants among the obese group (exposed) and an average of 400–425 participants among the nonobese group were taken. Data on sociodemographic details, vaccination status, height and weight for BMI calculation, COVID-19 infection status, and its clinical features were collected using predesign, pretested, semistructured questionnaires. Societies were randomly selected from eight different zones of the city, and all the eligible individuals of the society available at the time of survey were interviewed. Data entry and analysis were done using Microsoft excel, Open Epi, Quantpsy, and SPSS-16 software. Relative risk and odds ratios were calculated in open epi software.

Results:
The ratio of obese to nonobese individuals was 1:1. Accordingly, 409 obese and 409 nonobese participants were recruited. The mean age of participants was 41.3 ± 14.9 years. As high as 144 (17.6%) of respondents were having history of previous infection before vaccination, and around 42 (5.1%) respondents of the overall study population were infected after the first dose of vaccination. The total count of people for infections before receiving a single dose of vaccination irrespective of body status was reported to be 144 (17.6%) out of a total of 818 candidates.

Interpretation and Conclusions:
We can conclude that not only obesity is a risk factor but also it increases the severity of COVID-19 infection.
Effectiveness of structured health education program on knowledge regarding forensic nursing among B.Sc. (Hons.) Nursing third- and fourth-year students of the College of Nursing, AIIMS Raipur
Authors: Chander Prem , Mathew Binu , Choudhary Priyanka , Rekha  , Choudhary Priyanka , Majumdar Ritu , Mandal Roji , Yadav Rupal 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:
Forensic nursing is a nursing specialty and sub-specialties that focus on nursing practice who care for victims and offenders, living and deceased at the clinical legal interface.

Aims:
The aim of the article is to assess the effectiveness of health education on knowledge regarding forensic nursing among B.Sc. (Hons.) Nursing third- and fourth-year students of the College of Nursing, AIIMS Raipur.

Settings and Design:
The study was conducted at the College of Nursing, AIIMS Raipur.

Methods and Material:
Pre-experimental one-group pretest and posttest design without the control group was adopted. The sample size was 100 and selected using nonprobability convenience sampling technique. The data were collected by self-structured questionnaire through offline mode to assess the knowledge about forensic nursing. At the end of pretest, structured health education program was given, after seven days posttest was conducted.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Data were collected and analyzed by using both descriptive and inferential statistics.

Results:
In pretest, 72% students had poor knowledge and 28% had good knowledge. In posttest, there was a significant increase, only 21% had good knowledge and 79% had excellent knowledge regarding forensic nursing. The mean score of pretests was 10.18 and the mean score of posttests was 23.15 and the mean improvement was 12.97, the paired t value obtained for knowledge was 31.85 which was found significant at 0.05 level (P < 0.05).

Conclusions:
Result of the study demonstrated that health education program was effective in improving the knowledge among students regarding forensic nursing. The results concluded that the importance of specific training in forensic nursing and support the need of development of a curricular unit in this area for inclusion in nursing curricula.
Enhancing anthropometric proficiency: Effect of a structured training program on skills of Anganwadi workers in rural areas of Raebareli District, Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Shukla Mukesh , Singh Abhay , Paul Sourabh , Kumar Mritunjay , Bedi Ravinder Singh 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Context:
Anganwadi workers (AWWs) require technical skills for growth monitoring of under-five children. Anthropometric skills help Anganwadi workers assess any changes or deterioration in the normal growth of children.

Aims:
To determine the effect of a structured training program on the anthropometric skills of Anganwadi workers in rural areas of Raebareli district in Uttar Pradesh.

Settings and Design:
A community-based interventional study, was conducted among 162 AWWs, 73 from Salon and 89 from Rahi development blocks of Raebareli district.

Methods and Material:
The skills of AWWs in anthropometric measurement domains (weight, height/length, and mid-upper arm circumference) were assessed using a pre-tested observatory checklist both before and after the training sessions. The skills for each domain were assessed on four points i.e. standard procedure applied to the child, assurance of safety precautions, observer protocol during anthropometry, and precision and accuracy in recording measurement.

Statistical Analysis Used:
The McNemar Chi-square test was used for paired categorical data analysis. P < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.

Results:
The mean age of the study population was 43.30 ± 9.68 years. The mean years of their job was 16.68 + 7.38 years. About one-fourth (26.5%) of AWWs had received training within the last three years. Inadequate/non-functional equipment (9.8%), low honorarium (29.4%), interruption in timely supply of supplementary food (6.3%), non-cooperation of the community (84.6%), insufficient space (58.0%), and availability of periodic job aids (16.8%) were the major challenges that were faced by ICDS workers. The anthropometric skills of the AWWs were found to improve significantly in almost all the domains. The proportion of AWWs following standard procedure, assurance of safety precautions, observer protocol during anthropometry, precision, and accuracy on recording measurement were found to increase significantly after a structured training program. (P < 0.05).

Conclusions:
A structured training programme focusing anthropometric skills on play an important role in increasing the skills of AWWs in growth monitoring. AWWs’ capacity to monitor child growth must be refreshed regularly through separate focussed training programs rather than during comprehensive sessions.
Exclusive breastfeeding practices and factors affecting them in urban areas of Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Sharma Prakhar , Bansal Neha , Kaul Abha 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:
Exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months is the recommended infant feeding practice, with established benefits. In India, exclusive breastfeeding rates have seen some improvement, but Uttar Pradesh has experienced a decline. Various factors influence breastfeeding practices, such as socio-cultural beliefs, maternal knowledge, and support. Considering urbanization, industrialization, and a significant migrant population, it is crucial to understand the determinants of breastfeeding practices in urban Uttar Pradesh. This study aimed to fill these knowledge gaps by examining factors influencing breastfeeding practices in the region.

Methods:
This cross-sectional study was conducted at Sharda Hospital’s Pediatrics Outpatient Department (OPD) in Uttar Pradesh over 1.5 years from January 1, 2019 to June 30, 2020. The minimum sample size of 96 was determined for the study. Study participants included 200 mothers with children aged 6 months to 2 years attending the Pediatrics OPD. Data were collected through a 42-item questionnaire administered by trained interviewers who ensured privacy and comfort. Data analysis was performed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences, including descriptive statistics and the Chi-square test for categorical variables (P < 0.05).

Results:
The study involved 200 mothers with children aged 6 months to 2 years attending a Pediatrics OPD in Uttar Pradesh. Mothers aged 21–30 years (78%) were predominant. Among the children, 62.5% were male. Colostrum was given by 86% of mothers, and 40% introduced pre-lacteal feeds. Exclusive breastfeeding was practiced by 60% of mothers. The analysis did not show statistically significant differences based on socio-economic status, maternal education, or occupation (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:
In conclusion, the findings from this study provide a comprehensive understanding of feeding practices among mothers in urban areas of Uttar Pradesh. While many mothers adhere to recommended practices, there is room for improvement in reducing pre-lacteal feeding and promoting exclusive breastfeeding.
Knowledge of mothers regarding infant’s developmental milestones in four domains (gross motor, fine motor, language and personal and social) – A cross sectional study
Authors: Thakur Pooja , Gupta Nalina 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:
In India, children with neurodevelopmental disabilities are being referred late. One of the possible reasons could be lack of mothers’ knowledge regarding developmental milestones. Hence, the objective of this study was to assess the knowledge of mothers regarding infants’ developmental milestones in four domains using a self-drafted questionnaire and to enlist the factors influencing mothers’ knowledge if any.

Methods:
This was an observational study. The study was conducted using a questionnaire which was drafted, face-validated, and pilot-tested. The final drafted questionnaire was used for the data collection. The duration for data collection was June 2019 to November 2019; data were collected from Dhiraj General Hospital. Inclusion criteria of the study were mothers in the age range of 18–40 years and those who were willing to participate in the study. A total of 100 mothers were interviewed on one-to-one interview basis. Collected data were entered in Excel sheets and were analyzed using descriptive analysis.

Results:
73% mothers were aware regarding head holding in the gross motor domain, 61% mothers were aware regarding hand to mouth in the fine motor domain, 41% mothers were aware regarding bisyllables in the language domain, and 64% mothers were aware regarding when an infant starts waving bye-bye in the personal social domain.

Conclusions:
Mothers were more aware about the gross motor and personal-social milestones as compared to that of language and fine motor milestones. Our results cannot be generalized.
Evaluation of the relationship between adversity quotient, professional identity, and perceived humanistic care of head nurses in Master’s Degrees in nursings
Authors: Haina Cai , Lingna Gu , Qingqing He , Yang Wang , Zejun Cai , Chuan Tian , Qinghong Xu 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:
High-level nursing talents play an important role in solving nursing scientific problems and leading nursing innovation, so the construction of high-level nursing talents has become a necessary guarantee for the health strategy in the new era. Managers have high expectations for master’s degree in nursing, hoping that they will develop in all aspects of research, teaching, and professionalism, etc. However, the high expectations of managers have led to unclear job orientation, high clinical and scientific research pressure, and low recognition of nurses’ sense of professional value from the outside world, which have led to the lowering of master’s degree of professional identity and the tendency to leave the profession, which is not conducive to the stabilization of the nursing workforce.

Purpose:
To explore the influence of adversity quotient, perceived humanistic care of nurse leaders on professional identity of nursing masters, and to clarify the relationship model between the three.

Methods:
A convenience sampling method was used to conduct an online questionnaire survey on 160 master’s degree nursing students in Ningbo and Shanghai from July to September 2022 using the general information questionnaire, adversity quotient, career identity and perceived humanistic care of nurse leaders scale.

Results:
Adversity quotient, occupational identity and perceived humanistic care of nurse leaders were all at a moderate level. Adversity quotient (r = 0.430, P < 0.01), perceived humanistic care of nurse leaders (r = 0.443, P < 0.01) and occupational identity were positively correlated, and perceived humanistic care of nurse leaders could affect occupational identity through the mediating effect of adversity quotient, with the mediating effect accounting for 31.8%.

Conclusion:
Nursing managers should create a good organizational atmosphere, build a training system for adversity quotient courses, conduct regular assessment and humanistic care to improve the ability of nursing masters to face adversity and enhance the awareness of their own professional values.
Changes in primary healthcare workforce burnout during and after the termination of COVID-19 emergency response: A one-and-half-year observational study
Authors: Wu Xueji , Ruan Huihong , Feng Xiaoying , Xie Chaojun , O’Donnell Ronald R. , Zhang Zhoubin 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:
Primary healthcare workforce (PHCW) should be suffered from less burnout after the termination of the COVID-19 response. The current study compared the changes in the three dimensions of burnout in PHCW during and after the response.

Methods:
Two convenience-sampling, online, cross-sectional questionnaire studies were conducted in local PHCW. Studies were administered in April 2022 and 8 months after the termination. Burnout was measured by the Chinese version of 15-item Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey, which assesses three dimensions: emotional exhaustion (EE), depersonalization (DP), and reduced personal accomplishment (reduced PA). The primary outcome was the prevalence of its three dimensions. Data on demographics, work environment, health conditions, and outlets for stress reduction were collected. We compared burnout and associated factors between the study periods by using Student’s t-test, Chi test, or Mann‒Whitney test. The association between factors and burnout was identified by a logistic regression model.

Results:
In total, 162 and 200 participants completed the questionnaires during and after the response. No significant differences in demographics, including age, gender, education attainment, work experience, or seniority level were observed. The prevalence of burnout-free status was similar (9.9% vs 12.5%, P = 0.434) between the two periods. Severe burnout decreased from 45.7% to 0%, and moderate burnout nearly doubled after the response. The prevalence of EE decreased the most, by 55.0%, followed by that of DP, which decreased by 38.4% (all P < 0.001); however, there was no difference in the prevalence of reduced PA (77.2% vs 74.5%, P = 0.557). Logistic regression showed that promotion and alcohol consumption decreased the risk of EE. Considering leaving the job increases the risk of DP, a lower self-evaluated health score and more distress were associated with EE and DP. Exercise decreased the risk of reduced PA.

Conclusions:
Inconsistent with the hypothesis, we found that severe burnout decreased, but moderate burnout increased in PHCWs after the response. EE and DP decreased more, but reduced PA had no change. Incentives, improved self-evaluated health conditions, alcohol consumption, and exercise ameliorate burnout. Healthcare policy makers must consider multiple effective ways to mitigate burnout in the post-epidemic era.
Clinico-demographic factors affecting mortality in COVID-19 patients at a health care facility, Western Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Singh Swati , Sisodia Anupam , Athwani Meghna 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Background:
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) a global problem, has affected all aspects of health, that is, physical, social, and mental. Our study aimed to describe various social-demographic factors and existing comorbidities that affected mortality in COVID-19 admitted patients.

Materials and Methods:
This was a hospital-based retrospective study. The study included medical records of COVID-19 patients admitted from April 2021 to August 2021. Data was entered in Microsoft Excel 2013 and analyzed in STATA version 18.0. The Chi-square test, unpaired t-test, and Cox proportional hazard model were employed for analysis.

Results:
Of the total 1156 admitted patients, 103 hospitalized patients progressed to death (8.91%). Factors found to be significant with non-survivorship were age, residence, admission status, and coexisting comorbidities. In hazard analysis, geriatric patients had 4.358 times more hazard of death. Patients with diabetes and hypertension had two times higher hazard of death than patients without these comorbidities.

Conclusion:
Mortality of patients was substantially higher in patients’ ages above 60 years and patients with comorbidities. Therefore, close monitoring and priority treatment should be provided to elderly patients and patients with comorbidities.