bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Eight‐color multiparameter flow cytometry (EuroFlow‐NGF) is as sensitive as next‐generation sequencing in detecting minimal/measurable residual disease in autografts of patients with multiple myeloma
Authors: Urushihara Ryota , Takezako Naoki , Yoroidaka Takeshi , Yamashita Takeshi , Murata Ryoichi , Satou Kenji , Nakao Shinji , Takamatsu Hiroyuki 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe prognostic value of minimal/measurable residual disease (MRD) detection in autografts of patients with multiple myeloma (MM) in an autologous stem‐cell transplantation setting has been reported. Next‐generation flow (NGF) cytometry has lower sensitivity (2 × 10−6) to detect MRD than next‐generation sequencing (NGS) (<10−6). We compared the clinical value of high‐sensitivity NGF (cutoff: <10−6) and NGS (cutoff: 10−6) for the detection of MRD in the cryopreserved autografts of 49 patients with newly diagnosed MM. The sensitivity test using frozen/thawed autografts revealed a strong correlation among MRD levels of 5 × 10−7 and 1 × 10−4 (r = 0.9997, p < 0.0001) when an adequate number of cells were analyzed. Autograft MRD levels determined using NGF and NGS were highly correlated (r = 0.811, p < 0.0001). MRD‐negative patients identified with NGF (cutoff: <10−6) showed significantly longer progression‐free survival (PFS) than MRD‐positive patients (p = 0.026). The PFS of MRD‐negative patients determined by NGS (cutoff: 10−6) was similar to that determined by NGF. These results show that the high‐sensitivity NGF method can assess MRD in frozen/thawed autografts, and its prognostic value is comparable to that of NGS.
Deep Learning for Noninvasive Assessment of H3 K27M Mutation Status in Diffuse Midline Gliomas Using MR Imaging
Authors: Li Junjie , Zhang Peng , Qu Liying , Sun Ting , Duan Yunyun , Wu Minghao , Weng Jinyuan , Li Zhaohui , Gong Xiaodong , Liu Xing , Wang Yongzhi , Jia Wenqing , Su Xiaorui , Yue Qiang , Li Jianrui , Zhang Zhiqiang , Barkhof Frederik , Huang Raymond Y. , Chang Ken , Sair Haris , Ye Chuyang , Zhang Liwei , Zhuo Zhizheng , Liu Yaou 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundDetermination of H3 K27M mutation in diffuse midline glioma (DMG) is key for prognostic assessment and stratifying patient subgroups for clinical trials. MRI can noninvasively depict morphological and metabolic characteristics of H3 K27M mutant DMG.PurposeThis study aimed to develop a deep learning (DL) approach to noninvasively predict H3 K27M mutation in DMG using T2‐weighted images.Study TypeRetrospective and prospective.PopulationFor diffuse midline brain gliomas, 341 patients from Center‐1 (27 ± 19 years, 184 males), 42 patients from Center‐2 (33 ± 19 years, 27 males) and 35 patients (37 ± 18 years, 24 males). For diffuse spinal cord gliomas, 133 patients from Center‐1 (30 ± 15 years, 80 males).Field Strength/Sequence5T and 3T, T2‐weighted turbo spin echo imaging.AssessmentConventional radiological features were independently reviewed by two neuroradiologists. H3 K27M status was determined by histopathological examination. The Dice coefficient was used to evaluate segmentation performance. Classification performance was evaluated using accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve.Statistical TestsPearson's Chi‐squared test, Fisher's exact test, two‐sample Student's t‐test and Mann–Whitney U test. A two‐sided P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsIn the testing cohort, Dice coefficients of tumor segmentation using DL were 0.87 for diffuse midline brain and 0.81 for spinal cord gliomas. In the internal prospective testing dataset, the predictive accuracies, sensitivities, and specificities of H3 K27M mutation status were 92.1%, 98.2%, 82.9% in diffuse midline brain gliomas and 85.4%, 88.9%, 82.6% in spinal cord gliomas. Furthermore, this study showed that the performance generalizes to external institutions, with predictive accuracies of 85.7%–90.5%, sensitivities of 90.9%–96.0%, and specificities of 82.4%–83.3%.Data ConclusionIn this study, an automatic DL framework was developed and validated for accurately predicting H3 K27M mutation using T2‐weighted images, which could contribute to the noninvasive determination of H3 K27M status for clinical decision‐making.Evidence Level: 2Technical Efficacy: Stage 2
Enhanced recombination among Omicron subvariants of SARS‐CoV‐2 contributes to viral immune escape
Authors: Shiraz Rishad , Tripathi Shashank 
Published: January 2023

AbstractGenetic recombination is an important driver of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) evolution, which requires the coinfection of a single host cell with different SARS‐CoV‐2 strains. To understand the emergence and prevalence of recombinant SARS‐CoV‐2 lineages through time and space, we analyzed SARS‐CoV‐2 genome sequences collected from November 2019 to July 2022. We observed an extraordinary increase in the emergence of SARS‐CoV‐2 recombinant lineages during the Omicron wave, particularly in Northern America and Europe. This phenomenon was independent of the sequencing frequency or genetic diversity of circulating SARS‐CoV‐2 strains. The recombination breakpoints were more prevalent in the 3′‐untranslated region of the viral genome. Importantly, we noted the enrichment of certain amino acids in the Spike protein of recombinant lineages, which have been reported to confer immune escape from neutralizing antibodies and increase angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 receptor binding in some cases. We also observed I42V amino acid change genetically fixated in the NSP14 of the Omicron lineage, which needs further characterization for its potential role in enhanced recombination. Overall, we report the important and timely observation of accelerated recombination in the currently circulating SARS‐CoV‐2 Omicron variants and explore their potential contribution to viral fitness, particularly immune escape.
Evolution and emergence of primate‐specific interferon regulatory factor 9
Authors: Drury Sam , Claussen Grace , Zetterman Allison , Moriyama Hideaki , Moriyama Etsuko N. , Zhang Luwen 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe binding of interferon (IFN) to its receptors leads to formation of IFN‐stimulated gene factor 3 (ISGF3) complex that activates the transcription of cellular IFN‐regulated genes. IFN regulatory factor 9 (IRF9, also called ISGF3γ or p48) is a key component of ISGF3. However, there is limited knowledge regarding the molecular evolution of IRF9 among vertebrates. In this study, we have identified the existence of the IRF9 gene in cartilaginous fish (sharks). Among primates, several isoforms unique to old world moneys and great apes are identified. These IRF9 isoforms are named as primate‐specific IRF9 (PS‐IRF9) to distinguish from canonical IRF9. PS‐IRF9 originates from a unique exon usage and differential splicing in the IRF9 gene. Although the N‐terminus are identical for all IRF9s, the C‐terminal regions of the PS‐IRF9 are completely different from canonical IRF9. In humans, two PS‐IRF9s are identified and their RNA transcripts were detected in human primary peripheral blood mononuclear cells. In addition, human PS‐IRF9 proteins were detected in human cell lines. Sharing the N‐terminal exons with the canonical IRF9 proteins, PS‐IRF9 is predicted to bind to the same DNA sequences as the canonical IRF9 proteins. As the C‐terminal regions of IRFs are the determinants of IRF functions, PS‐IRF9 may offer unique biological functions and represent a novel signaling molecule involved in the regulation of the IFN pathway in a primate‐specific manner.
Measurement of pelvic tilt and rotation on AP radiographs using HipRecon: Validation and comparison to other parameters
Authors: Heimann Alexander F. , Schwab Joseph M. , Popa Vlad , Zheng Guoyan , Tannast Moritz 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we present and evaluate HipRecon, a noncommercial software package that simultaneously calculates pelvic tilt and rotation from an anteroposterior pelvis radiograph. We asked: What is the (1) accuracy and precision, (2) robustness, and (3) intra‐/interobserver reliability/reproducibility of HipRecon to analyze both pelvic tilt and rotation on conventional AP pelvis radiographs? (4) How does the prediction of pelvic tilt on AP pelvis radiographs using HipRecon compare to established measurement methods? We compared the actual pelvic tilt of 20 adult human cadaveric pelvises with the calculated pelvic orientation based on an AP pelvis radiograph using HipRecon software. The pelvises were mounted on a radiolucent fixture and a total of 380 AP pelvis radiographs with different configurations were acquired. In addition, we investigated the correlation between actual tilt and the tilt calculated using HipRecon and seven other established measurement methods. The calculated software accuracy was 0.2 ± 2.0° (−3.6–4.1) for pelvic tilt and 0.0 ± 1.2° (−2.2–2.3, p = 0.39) for pelvic rotation. The Bland–Altman analysis showed values that were evenly and randomly spread in both directions. HipRecon showed excellent consistency for the measurement of pelvic tilt and rotation (intraobserver intraclass‐correlation coefficient [ICC]: 0.99 [95% CI: 0.99–0.99] and interobserver ICC 0.99 [95% CI: 0.99–0.99]). Of all eight analyzed methods, the highest correlation coefficient was found for HipRecon (r = 0.98, p < 0.001). In the future, HipRecon could be used to detect changes in patient‐specific pelvic orientation, helping to improve clinical understanding and decision‐making in pathologies of the hip.
Predominant expression of interleukin (IL)‐17 in chronic alopecia areata compared to IFN‐γ in pathogenic Th17 cells, tissue‐resident memory T cells and natural killer cells
Authors: Kim Ho‐Jin , Kim Jung‐Hwan , Cho Yu‐Ri , Kwon Hyeok‐Jin , Yoon Jung‐Ho , Kim Ki‐Ho 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundAlopecia areata (AA) is an organ‐specific autoimmune disease resulting from the attack of hair follicle (HF) autoantigens through a T‐cell‐mediated mechanism. If there is a depletion of mTregs in HFs, especially around both hair bulge and hair bulb, it could be related to patchy hair loss in the scalp and may affect AA pathogenesis.Objectiveswe investigated the possible contributory role of tissue‐resident memory T cells (TRMs) and memory regulatory T cells (mTregs), compared to cytotoxic T lymphocytes and Th17 lymphocytes, in the immunopathogenesis of chronic AA.MethodsThree hundred and sixty‐seven patients with AA who had biopsies performed in Dong‐A University Hospital between January 1994 and April 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. To investigate the expression of immunoregulatory molecules, we underwent double direct immunofluorescence with paraffin sections from nine AA patients under classified according to the histopathological grading of Uno and Orecchia's classification.ResultsThe number of lesional Foxp3+ Tregs was significantly decreased with an increase in the severity of histopathological gradings at both the hair bulge and hair bulb, in the following order: Type 1 > type 2 > type 3 AA lesions. The number of CD8+ CD69+ TRM cells at both the HF bulge and bulb was increased with the severity of histopathological grades. CD49a was not expressed in the hair bulge and bulb in any type of AA. As for the expression profile of effector T cells, interleukin (IL)‐17 was expressed in a denser pattern around the hair bulge with more severe histopathological grading, but IFN‐γ was expressed only at the hair bulge of type 1 AA. Lesional IL‐17 around the hair bulb also increased with the severity of histopathological grade. In contrast, IFN‐γ was expressed in the hair bulb only in type 1 AA.ConclusionsThe insidious destruction of hair bulge stem cells and hair bulb matrix stem cells, which is mediated by Th17 lymphocytes and cytotoxic T lymphocyte infiltration, results in more severe hair loss in patients with chronic AA. IL‐17 may play a more important role in the pathogenesis of chronic AA than IFN‐γ.
Interactions of bioactive trace metals in shipboard Southern Ocean incubation experiments
Authors: Burns Shannon M. , Bundy Randelle M. , Abbott William , Abdala Zuzanna , Sterling Alexa R. , Chappell P. Dreux , Jenkins Bethany D. , Buck Kristen N. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn the Southern Ocean, it is well‐known that iron (Fe) limits phytoplankton growth. Yet, other trace metals can also affect phytoplankton physiology. This study investigated feedbacks between phytoplankton growth and dissolved Fe, manganese (Mn), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and cadmium (Cd) concentrations in Southern Ocean shipboard incubations. Three experiments were conducted in September–October 2016 near the West Antarctic Peninsula: Incubations 1 and 3 offshore in the Antarctic Circumpolar Current, and Incubation 2 inshore in Bransfield Strait. Additions of Fe and/or vitamin B12 to inshore and offshore waters were employed and allowed assessment of metal (M) uptake relative to soluble reactive phosphorus (P) across a wide range of initial conditions. Offshore, treatments of >1 nmol L−1 added Fe were Fe‐replete, whereas inshore waters were already Fe‐replete. Results suggest Mn was a secondary limiting nutrient inshore and offshore. No Fe‐vitamin B12 colimitation was observed. Overall, M:P uptake in the incubations was closely related to initial dissolved M:P for Fe, Mn, Co, Ni, and Cd, and for Cu inshore. Final concentrations of Fe and Zn were similar across light treatments of the experiments despite very different phytoplankton responses, and we observed evidence for Co/Cd/Zn substitution and for recycling of biogenic metals as inventories plateaued. In dark bottles, the absence of Mn oxidation may have allowed more efficient recycling of Fe and other trace metals. Our results provide insight into factors governing trace metal uptake, with implications for phytoplankton community composition locally and preformed micronutrient bioavailability in Southern Ocean water masses.
Over half a century record of limnology data from Lake Powell, desert southwest United States: From reservoir filling to present day (1964–2021)
Authors: Deemer Bridget R. , Andrews Caitlin M. , Strock Kristin E. , Voichick Nicholas , Hensleigh James , Beaver John R. , Radtke Robert 
Published: January 2023

AbstractLake Powell is a large water storage reservoir in the arid southwestern United States. Here, we present a 58‐yr limnology dataset that captures water quality parameters from reservoir filling to present day (temperature, salinity, major ions, total suspended solids), as well as a 38‐yr record of Secchi depth, and a ~ 30‐yr record of nutrients, phytoplankton, and zooplankton assemblages. The dataset includes 5208 unique site visits spanning 258 unique sites of which 9 have been consistently visited. It also spans the establishment of an invasive bivalve (Dreissena bugensis, i.e. Quagga mussel) which was first detected in 2012. Given the general lack of long‐term data from lakes or reservoirs in arid regions, this dataset represents a unique contribution to regional, continental, and global‐scale limnology studies. As the hot drought in the desert southwest continues, we expect this dataset will inform water management decision‐making for this largest reservoir in the Upper Colorado River Basin.
Structural design optimization and lipolytic effect prediction of vacuum suction cryolipolysis applicator: Simulation study
Authors: Yang Guoliang , Dang Hangyu , Guo Ning , Cui Mengdong , Xu Yi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesCryolipolysis is a popular noninvasive lipolytic method that uses low temperature to induce apoptosis or necrosis of adipocytes to reduce local fat in the human body. Vacuum suction applicator is a commonly used cryolipolysis equipment, which suction human skin and fat into a chamber for cooling. The structure of vacuum suction applicator is usually irregular, its cooling characteristic is also complex, and unreasonable suction structure will cause human discomfort. Biological experiments and clinical studies are often used to study the structural design of applicators, whereas these methods are impossible to obtain the three‐dimensional cooling characteristic of applicator comprehensively and require a lot of costs. This study aims to optimize the structure of applicator for lowering discomfort, evaluate the cooling characteristic and lipolytic effect of applicators, which could provide guidance for clinical application of applicators and reduce costs.Materials and MethodsCryolipolysis applicators models with four vacuum suction angles were established, and COMSOL was used to compare the cooling performance parameters, cooling kinetics, and lipolytic effects of the applicators. Specific evaluation indicators also include: cooling capacity analysis, temperature field analysis, lipolytic percentage, lipolytic volume, lipolytic weight, lipolytic thickness, lipolytic waistline, and lipolysis temperature threshold analysis.ResultsThe applicator with a small suction angle has a greater cooling capacity to cool deeper level of fat. When the cooling temperature is −10°C, the temperature of skin layer is about −10°C at 60 minutes, the temperature of fat layer is −7.36 to 3.01°C at 10 mm, −3.67 to 5.91°C at 20 mm and 2.01−10.81°C at 30 mm. The percentage of lipolytic declined with the increase of suction angle, the final lipolytic percentage (35.81%) of the 90° applicator is the highest, the percentage (28.72%) of 150° applicator (28.72%) is the lowest. The lipolytic volume, weight, and average thickness of applicator constantly increased with the increase of the suction angle, the final lipolytic volume range of the four suction angle applicators is 171.88−310.18 cm3, the lipolytic weight range is 160.11−288.93 g, and the lipolytic average thickness range is 1.21−1.36 cm. Lower lipolysis temperature threshold will reduce the lipolysis effect, but it may also lead to another lipolysis mechanism‐cell necrosis.ConclusionDifferent suction angles significantly affect the cooling characteristics and lipolytic effects of cryolipolysis applicator. A reasonable suction angle is one of the critical factors to improve the efficiency and comfort of cryolipolysis.
Customer engagement in idea contests: Emotional and behavioral consequences of idea rejection
Authors: Schaarschmidt Mario , Dose David B. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIdea contests are well‐accepted and cost‐efficient approaches to tap the creativity of customers. At the same time, idea contests enable customer engagement, defined as voluntary resource provision beyond financial patronage. However, although much research has been devoted to the factors that motivate consumers to participate in such contests, research that investigates how idea rejection as a stressor affects future engagement behavior is comparatively rare. This research draws on cognitive dissonance literature combined with stress appraisal theory to explain rejection‐induced emotional and behavioral consequences. Study 1 assesses the different effects of company appreciation of customer engagement (i.e., idea acceptance vs. rejection) in an experimental setting and tests emotional reactions to rejection as a stressor, as well as the moderating effects of firm acknowledgment. Study 2, which was organized as a randomized field experiment, is devoted to assessing differences in firm acknowledgment versus individualized firm feedback in a real‐world setting. Taken together, the studies show that the way rejection is communicated is important. The findings have important theoretical and managerial implications for service management and for stimulating customer engagement through idea contest initiatives.
Psychology of space tourism marketing, technology, and sustainable development: From a literature review to an integrative framework
Authors: Mehran Javaneh , Olya Hossein , Han Heesup 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSpace tourism, a niche segment of the aviation industry, has radically altered the private sector. A noticeable trend in this market has been the development of commercial space with numerous start‐ups and ventures underway. Adopting a concept‐driven approach, we conduct a hybrid review to sketch the emerging market areas in space tourism and provided insights into tourists' behavioral responses. Our results are supplemented by an analysis of public viewpoints on space‐faring to gauge their alignment with academic views on space tourism. We also develop an integrative framework to elucidate how personality interacts with scenario to influence the feelings, thoughts, and behaviors of space tourists and their responses toward space tourism. We recognize critical gaps in previous literature and propose the following recommendations to guide future research: 1) Conceptualization of travel services and tourism typology in the new space market; 2) theoretical contribution on pragmatic and semantic levels; 3) need for empirical and multi‐disciplinary studies; 4) investigating the role of ethical issues on bilateral arguments toward commercialized space tourism; 5) integrating stakeholders' perspectives to maximize the socioeconomic impacts of space tourism and environmental sustainability; 6) media platforms and application of new technologies; and 7) role of scientific journals in knowledge enhancement.
Effects of process parameters on fatigue behavior and surface integrity of tool steel produced by electrical discharge turning
Authors: Çakıroğlu R. , Günay M. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractElectrical discharge machining is used in the production of countless parts with complex geometries and micro dimensions, from many elements of industrial molds to parts of motors and pumps. Also, most of these parts are cylindrical and it is always more meaningful to study their rotational fatigue behavior to predict their response during their operation. This study concentrated on the impacts of machining parameters on the surface quality and fatigue behavior of tool steel shaped by electrical discharge turning. The results based on Taguchi methodology have shown that discharge current affects Ra and Rz more, and pulse duration more affects the mean spacing of profile irregularities, Sm. As a result of the heat affected depth in the machined region, which changes in proportional with the processing parameters, the microhardness decreased from the sample surface to the core. The maximum hardness was measured at current of 12 A, pulse duration of 3 μs and pulse interval of 7 μs. According to the fatigue tests, it was found that the fatigue life decreased with the increase in Rz and Sm values. Moreover, high microhardness and thick recast layer reduced the fatigue strength of the samples with relatively smooth surface topography.
Performance evaluation of different carbide inserts in turning of newly developed Al‐12Si‐0.1Sr alloy
Authors: Bayraktar Ş. , Hekimoğlu A. P. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAn Al‐12Si‐0.1Sr alloy ingot was manufactured using a permanent mold casting technique. The microstructure and mechanical properties of this alloy were researched. Effects of different cutting conditions (cutting speed‐V: 200 m/min, 300 m/min, and 400 m/min and feed rate‐f: 0.05 mm/rev, 0.1 mm/rev, and 0.15 mm/rev) on the cutting force (F) and surface roughness (Ra) during machining using uncoated and physical vapor deposition‐ titanium aluminum nitride coated carbide inserts were also revealed. Microstructure of the alloys consists of α phase, intermetallic δ and Al4Sr phases, thin spherical eutectic, and irregular coarse‐shaped primary silicon particles. Cutting force and surface roughness decreased with the increased cutting speed during turning with uncoated, and titanium aluminum nitride coated inserts while they increased feed rate. A built‐up edge and built‐up layer were formed in both cutting inserts. The built‐up edge and built‐up layer decreased with increasing cutting speed and increased feed rate. The cutting force, surface roughness, built‐up edge, and built‐up layer were lower in uncoated inserts compared to the titanium aluminum nitride coated inserts.