bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mastozytose bei Kindern
Authors: Wassmer Hanna , Hartmann Karin 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Mastozytose bei Kindern ist eine seltene Erkrankung, die durch eine abnorme Vermehrung von Gewebemastzellen gekennzeichnet ist. Es zeigen sich typische Hautveränderungen, die als makulopapulöse kutane Mastozytose, diffuse kutane Mastozytose oder Mastozytom klassifiziert werden. Ein Teil der Patientinnen und Patienten weist zudem Mastzellmediatorsymptome wie Juckreiz, Flush und Anaphylaxie auf. Bei vielen Kindern ist die Erkrankung durch einen benignen, meist selbstlimitierenden Verlauf charakterisiert; nur selten findet sich eine systemische Mastozytose mit extrakutaner Beteiligung und chronischem oder progressivem Verlauf. Therapeutisch werden in erster Linie H1-Antihistaminika eingesetzt, je nach Schwere bedarfsorientiert oder als Dauertherapie. Kinder, Eltern und Betreuungspersonen sollten sorgfältig über das Krankheitsbild und mögliche Trigger-Faktoren der Mastzellmediatorfreisetzung aufgeklärt werden. Für Kinder mit ausgeprägten Hautveränderungen und schweren Symptomen ist die Verordnung eines Adrenalin-Autoinjektors zur Notfallbehandlung empfehlenswert.
Impartial games with decreasing Sprague–Grundy function and their hypergraph compound
Authors: Boros Endre , Gurvich Vladimir , Ho Nhan Bao , Makino Kazuhisa , Mursic Peter 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The Sprague–Grundy (SG) theory reduces the disjunctive compound of impartial games to the classical game of NIM. We generalize this concept by introducing hypergraph compounds of impartial games. An impartial game is called SG-decreasing if its SG value is decreased by every move. Extending the SG theory, we reduce hypergraph compounds of SG-decreasing games to hypergraph compounds of single-pile NIM games. We show that this reduction works only if all games involved in the compound are SG-decreasing. A hypergraph is called SG-decreasing if the corresponding hypergraph compound of single-pile NIM games is an SG-decreasing game. We provide some necessary and some sufficient conditions for a hypergraph to be SG-decreasing. In particular, for hypergraphs with hyperedges of size at most 3 we obtain a necessary and sufficient condition verifiable in polynomial time.
Pre‐operative Cinacalcet Administration Reduces Immediate Post‐operative Hypocalcemia Following Total Parathyroidectomy in Severe Renal Hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Fung Matrix Man‐Him , Tam Dick‐Sang , Lui David Tak‐Wai , Lang Brian Hung‐Hin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundIn severe renal hyperparathyroidism (RHPT), whether administrating Cinacalcet before total parathyroidectomy can reduce post‐operative hypocalcemia remains unclear. We compared post‐operative calcium kinetics between those who took Cinacalcet before surgery (Group I) and those who did not (Group II).MethodsPatients with severe RHPT (defined by PTH ≥ 100 pmol/L) who underwent total parathyroidectomy between 2012 and 2022 were analyzed. Standardized peri‐operative protocol of calcium and vitamin D supplementation was followed. Blood tests were performed twice daily in the immediate post‐operative period. Severe hypocalcemia was defined as serum albumin‐adjusted calcium < 2.00 mmol/L.ResultsAmong 159 patients who underwent parathyroidectomy, 82 patients were eligible for analysis (Group I, n = 27; Group II, n = 55). Demographics and PTH levels before Cinacalcet administration were comparable (Group I: 169 ± 49 pmol/L vs Group II: 154 ± 45, p = 0.209). Group I had significantly lower pre‐operative PTH (77 ± 60 pmol/L vs 154 ± 45, p < 0.001), higher post‐operative calcium (p < 0.05), and lower rate of severe hypocalcemia (33.3% vs 60.0%, p = 0.023). Longer duration of Cinacalcet use correlated with higher post‐operative calcium levels (p < 0.05). Cinacalcet use for > 1 year resulted in fewer severe post‐operative hypocalcemia than non‐users (p = 0.022, OR 0.242, 95% CI 0.068–0.859). Higher pre‐operative ALP independently correlated with severe post‐operative hypocalcemia (OR 3.01, 95% CI 1.17–7.77, p = 0.022).ConclusionIn severe RHPT, Cinacalcet led to significant drop in pre‐operative PTH, higher post‐operative calcium levels, and less frequent severe hypocalcemia. Longer duration of Cinacalcet use correlated with higher post‐operative calcium levels, and the use of Cinacalcet for > 1 year reduced severe post‐operative hypocalcemia.
Eccentric exercise 24 h prior to hypobaric decompression increases decompression strain
Authors: Gottschalk Frode , Eiken Ola , Elia Antonis , Gennser Mikael 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Animal studies have shown that recent musculoskeletal injuries increase the risk of decompression sickness (DCS). However, to date no similar experimental study has been performed in humans. The aim was to investigate if exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD)—as provoked by eccentric work and characterized by reduced strength and delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS)—leads to increased formation of venous gas emboli (VGE) during subsequent hypobaric exposure.

Methods
Each subject (n = 13) was on two occasions exposed to a simulated altitude of 24,000 ft for 90 min, whilst breathing oxygen. Twenty-four hours prior to one of the altitude exposures, each subject performed 15 min of eccentric arm-crank exercise. Markers of EIMD were reduction in isometric m. biceps brachii strength and DOMS as assessed on the Borg CR10 pain scale. The presence of VGE was measured in the right cardiac ventricle using ultrasound, with measurements performed at rest and after three leg kicks and three arm flexions. The degree of VGE was evaluated using the six-graded Eftedal–Brubakk scale and the Kisman integrated severity score (KISS).

Results
Eccentric exercise induced DOMS (median 6.5), reduced the biceps brachii strength (from 230 ± 62 N to 151 ± 8.8 N) and increased the mean KISS at 24,000 ft, both at rest (from 1.2 ± 2.3 to 6.9 ± 9.2, p = 0.01) and after arm flexions (from 3.8 ± 6.2 to 15.5 ± 17.3, p = 0.029).

Conclusion
EIMD, induced by eccentric work, provokes release of VGE in response to acute decompression.
Mine water as a source of energy: an application in a coalfield in Laciana Valley (León, NW Spain)
Authors: Matas-Escamilla A. , Álvarez R. , García-Carro F. , Álvarez-Alonso L. , Cienfuegos P. , Menéndez J. , Ordóñez A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMine water can be a renewable and economical source of geothermal and hydraulic energy. Nine discharges from closed and flooded coal mines in the Laciana Valley (León, NW Spain) have been studied. Various technologies for the energy use of mine water, as well as the influence of factors such as temperature, the need for water treatment, investment, potential customers and expansion capacity, have been evaluated by means of a decision-making tool. It is concluded that the most advantageous option is an open-loop geothermal system using the waters of a mountain mine, the temperature of which exceeds 14 °C and whose distance to customers is less than 2 km. A technical–economic viability study for a district heating network designed to supply heating and hot water to six public buildings in the nearby town of Villablino is presented. The proposed use of mine water might help areas that have been greatly affected socioeconomically by the closure of the mines and has other advantages compared to conventional energy systems, such as the reduction of CO2 emissions.
Graphical Abstract
It showing the advantages of using mine water as an energy source for district heating and a simplified layout.
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by interval debulking surgery for advanced epithelial ovarian cancer: GOTIC-019 study
Authors: Nagao Shoji , Tamura Jun , Shibutani Takashi , Miwa Maiko , Kato Tomoyasu , Shikama Ayumi , Takei Yuji , Kamiya Natsuko , Inoue Naoki , Nakamura Kazuto , Inoue Aya , Yamamoto Koji , Fujiwara Keiichi , Suzuki Mitsuaki 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Three randomized controlled trials have resulted in extremely extensive application of the strategy of using neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) followed by interval debulking surgery (IDS) for patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer in Japan. This study aimed to evaluate the status and effectiveness of treatment strategies using NAC followed by IDS in Japanese clinical practice.

Patients and methods
We conducted a multi-institutional observational study of 940 women with Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stages III–IV epithelial ovarian cancer treated at one of nine centers between 2010 and 2015. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were compared between 486 propensity-score matched participants who underwent NAC followed by IDS and primary debulking surgery (PDS) followed by adjuvant chemotherapy.

Results
Patients with FIGO stage IIIC receiving NAC had a shorter OS (median OS: 48.1 vs. 68.2 months, hazard ratio [HR]: 1.34; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.99–1.82, p = 0.06) but not PFS (median PFS: 19.7 vs. 19.4 months, HR: 1.02; 95% CI: 0.80–1.31, p = 0.88). However, patients with FIGO stage IV receiving NAC and PDS had comparable PFS (median PFS: 16.6 vs. 14.7 months, HR: 1.07 95% CI: 0.74–1.53, p = 0.73) and OS (median PFS: 45.2 vs. 35.7 months, HR: 0.98; 95% CI: 0.65–1.47, p = 0.93).

Conclusions
NAC followed by IDS did not improve survival. In patients with FIGO stage IIIC, NAC may be associated with a shorter OS.
Stable homotopy groups of spheres: from dimension 0 to 90
Authors: Isaksen Daniel C. , Wang Guozhen , Xu Zhouli 
Published: May 2023

AbstractUsing techniques in motivic homotopy theory, especially the theorem of Gheorghe, the second and the third author on the isomorphism between motivic Adams spectral sequence for $C\tau $
C
τ
and the algebraic Novikov spectral sequence for $BP_{*}$
B

P
∗

, we compute the classical and motivic stable homotopy groups of spheres from dimension 0 to 90, except for some carefully enumerated uncertainties.
Patterns and correlates of old-age social exclusion in the Balkan states
Authors: Aartsen Marja J. , Vasile Marian , Tufa Laura A. , Dumitrescu Diana A. , Radogna Rosa M. , Wörn Jonathan , Precupetu Iuliana 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSocial exclusion (SE), or the separation of individuals and groups from mainstream society, is associated with poor health and wellbeing, yet a substantial number of older people are socially excluded. There is increasing agreement that SE is multidimensional, comprising among others social relations, material resources, and/or civic participation. However, measuring SE is still challenging as exclusion may occur in more than one dimension, whereas its sum does not reflect the content of SE. To account for these challenges, this study provides a typology of SE and describes how SE types differ from each other in terms of severity and risk factors. We concentrate on Balkan states, which are among the European countries with the highest prevalence of SE. Data come from the European Quality of Life Survey (N = 3030, age 50 +). Latent Class Analysis revealed four SE types: low SE risk (50%), material exclusion (23%), material and social exclusion (4%), and multidimensional exclusion (23%). A higher number of dimensions from which a person is excluded are associated with more severe outcomes. Multinomial regression further revealed that lower levels of education, lower subjective health, and lower social trust increase the risks of any SE type. Younger age, unemployment, and not having a partner are associated with specific SE types. This study is in line with the limited evidence that different types of SE exist. Policies designed to reduce SE should take account of the different SE types and specific associated risk factors in order to enhance the impact of interventions to reduce social exclusion.
The evolution of sexual dimorphism in Chondrichthyes: drivers, uncertainties, and future directions
Authors: Gayford Joel H. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSexual dimorphisms are abundant in natural systems; however, their ecological and evolutionary significance have largely been neglected with respect to Chondrichthyes. A number of dimorphisms have been reported in this ancient clade, yet there remains considerable uncertainty regarding the disparity and variation in dimorphisms present in extant taxa, and the evolutionary processes that have resulted in their manifestation. In this review, I summarise our current understanding of sexual dimorphisms in chondrichthyans and consider the extent to which existing studies favour the two predominant theories regarding their evolution. Throughout, I consider the major limitations and open questions in the field, arguing ultimately that additional studies are required (both with regard to the phenomenon of sexual dimorphism itself, and several related fields including evolutionary genetics) if we wish to fully understand the evolutionary and ecological significance of sexual dimorphism in Chondrichthyes.
Relativism Versus Absolutism in Linguistics
Authors: Kertész András 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWhether truth is absolute or relative has been a widely discussed topic for over two thousand years in epistemology and the philosophy of science. However, this issue has not yet been discussed systematically with respect to linguistics. The present paper attempts to make the first step toward filling this gap. It raises the following question in Sect. 1: What kind of relationship is there between the pluralism of inquiry, the relativistic and the absolutistic approach to truth, and the tolerance of views differing from one’s own in the practice of linguistic research? After Sect. 2 has clarified what is meant by ‘relativism’, ‘absolutism’, ‘pluralism’ and ‘tolerance’, Sects. 3–5 describe, analyse, and systematize the ways in which relativistic and absolutistic views are manifested in linguistic theorizing. Finally, Sect. 6 summarizes the findings and gives a sophisticated answer to the main question of the paper.
Isotropic stellar model in mimetic theory
Authors: Nashed G. G. L. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe investigate how to derive an isotropic stellar model in the frame of mimetic gravitational theory. Recently, this theory has gained big interest due to its difference from Einstein’s general relativity (GR), especially in the domain non-vacuum solutions. In this regard, we apply the field equation of mimetic gravitational theory to a spherically symmetric ansatz and obtain an over determined system of non-linear differential equations in which the number of differential equations is less than the unknown functions. To overcome the over determined system we suppose a specific form of the temporal component of the metric potential, $$g_{tt}$$

g

tt

, and assume the vanishing of the anisotropic condition to derive the form of the spatial component of the metric, $$g_{rr}$$

g

rr

. In this regard, we discuss the possibility to derive a stellar isotropic model that is in agreement with observed pulsars. To examine the stability of the isotropic model we use the Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff equation and the adiabatic index. Moreover, we test the model using a wide range of observed values of masses and radii of pulsars and show that they fit in a good way.
Acoustic and Semantic Processing of Auditory Scenes in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders
Authors: Yerkes Breanne D. , Vanden Bosch der Nederlanden Christina M. , Beasley Julie F. , Hannon Erin E. , Snyder Joel S. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPurpose: Processing real-world sounds requires acoustic and higher-order semantic information. We tested the theory that individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) show enhanced processing of acoustic features and impaired processing of semantic information. Methods: We used a change deafness task that required detection of speech and non-speech auditory objects being replaced and a speech-in-noise task using spoken sentences that must be comprehended in the presence of background speech to examine the extent to which 7–15 year old children with ASD (n = 27) rely on acoustic and semantic information, compared to age-matched (n = 27) and IQ-matched (n = 27) groups of typically developing (TD) children. Within a larger group of 7–15 year old TD children (n = 105) we correlated IQ, ASD symptoms, and the use of acoustic and semantic information. Results: Children with ASD performed worse overall at the change deafness task relative to the age-matched TD controls, but they did not differ from IQ-matched controls. All groups utilized acoustic and semantic information similarly and displayed an attentional bias towards changes that involved the human voice. Similarly, for the speech-in-noise task, age-matched–but not IQ-matched–TD controls performed better overall than the ASD group. However, all groups used semantic context to a similar degree. Among TD children, neither IQ nor the presence of ASD symptoms predict the use of acoustic or semantic information. Conclusion: Children with and without ASD used acoustic and semantic information similarly during auditory change deafness and speech-in-noise tasks.
Predictors of Access to Early Support in Families of Children with Suspected or Diagnosed Developmental Disabilities in the United Kingdom
Authors: Sapiets Suzi J. , Hastings Richard P. , Totsika Vasiliki 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis study examined predictors of access to early support amongst families of 0-6-year-old children with suspected or diagnosed developmental disabilities in the United Kingdom. Using survey data from 673 families, multiple regression models were fitted for three outcomes: intervention access, access to early support sources, and unmet need for early support sources. Developmental disability diagnosis and caregiver educational level were associated with intervention access and early support access. Early support access was also associated with child physical health, adaptive skills, caregiver ethnicity, informal support, and statutory statement of special educational needs. Unmet need for early support was associated with economic deprivation, the number of household caregivers, and informal support. Multiple factors influence access to early support. Key implications include enhancing processes for formal identification of need, addressing socioeconomic disparities (e.g., reducing inequalities, increasing funding for services), and providing more accessible services (e.g., coordinating support across services, flexible service provision).
Endometrial compaction is associated with the outcome of artificial frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Ju Wenhan , Wei Chunxiao , Lu Xiaoliu , Zhao Shuai , Song Jingyan , Wang Hao , Yu Yi , Xiang Shan , Lian Fang 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Introduction
The relationships between the outcome of frozen-thaw embryo transfer (FET) cycle and endometrial compaction were not quite consistent.

Objective
To analyze the relationship between the outcome of FET cycle and endometrial compaction.

Materials and methods
A total of 1420 women using FET were researched. The change in endometrial thickness on ET day and those on the day of progesterone (P) administration start is the basis for grouping. Group 1 was endometrial compaction group, and group 2 was the endometrial non-compaction group. Outcome measure was clinical pregnancy, estradiol (E2) levels, progesterone (P) levels, endometrial morphology, and thickness in each period of FET cycle.

Results
A significantly lower clinical pregnancy rate was observed in group 2 in comparison with group 1 (43.4% vs. 55.1%, P < 0.01). In addition, P levels on the day of P administration start were lower in group 2 (0.73 ± 0.93 ng/ml vs. 0.90 ± 1.85 ng/ml, P = 0.006), while E2 levels on ET day were higher in group 2 (316.42 ± 304.95 pg/ml vs. 257.88 ± 219.15 pg/ml, P = 0.001) than in group 1. The binary logistic regression analysis showed a lower rate of clinical pregnancy in group 2 (aOR = 0.617, 95% CI 0.488-0.779, P = 0.001).

Conclusions
Clinical pregnancy rates were significantly higher in women with endometrial compaction on ET day compared to women with no changes or thickening. Therefore, we recommend paying closer attention to endometrial compaction in women undergoing FET as a method to estimate endometrial receptivity.
Altered platelet reactivity, coagulation, endothelial and inflammatory markers early after smoking cessation verified with cotinine plasma concentration
Authors: Ramotowski Bogumił , Undas Anetta , Budaj Andrzej 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackground/Introduction: Cigarette smoking is a potent modifiable risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD). However, little is known about alterations to prothrombotic state and platelet reactivity early after smoking cessation following percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI). Purpose: We investigated alterations to platelet reactivity, coagulation and markers of platelet, endothelial, inflammatory and coagulation activation in clopidogrel-treated patients with CAD after PCI before and after smoking cessation. Methods: Smoking patients aged 18 years or older at least 30 days after PCI were recruited and encouraged to quit the habit. At baseline and at 30 days, we measured platelet reactivity with VerifyNow system, thrombomodulin, P-selectin, platelet factor 4 (CXCL4/PF4), citrullinated histone H3 (H3cit) and cotinine level. Results: Among 117 patients, 84 patients (72%) at a median age of 60.5 years (40 [interquartile range 30–47] pack-years) completed a 30-day follow-up. At day 30, 30 (35.7%) patients stopped smoking with cotinine level < 50 ng/ml. Baseline characteristics were similar in both groups. In smoking quitters a change in platelet reactivity was larger (Δ platelet reactivity units (PRU) 19 [2, 43] vs. -6 [-32, 37], p = 0.018), along with a change in P-selectin concentration (-11.82 [-23.62, 1.34] vs. 7.19 [-14.24, 17.19] ng/ml, p = 0.005). Positive correlations was noticed between cotinine and both P-selectin ( r = 0.23, p = 0.045) and CXCL4 (r = 0.27, p = 0.02). Conclusion: After smoking cessation in CAD patients following PCI an increase in platelet reactivity and a decrease in P-selectin levels were observed. The risk of thrombotic complications post PCI might be paradoxically enhanced among patients who stopped smoking.