bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of appropriate antibiotic use on the length of hospital stay in deep neck abscess (DNA) patients
Authors: Palupi Hesti Dyah , Wulandari Dian Paramita , Trihandoko Feri 
Published: February 2023

Deep neck abscess (DNA) is an emergency in the otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery field due to the formation of abscesses in the potential space between the deep neck fasciae. It is typically caused by the expansion of infection from various sources, including the teeth, mouth, throat, paranasal sinuses, middle ear, and neck. The increase of DNA cases needs for improvement of patient management especially when the patients have comorbidities which lead to an extended length of treatment. The study aimed to evaluate the appropriateness of empirical antibiotics given according to culture results and any comorbid factors that affect the length of hospital stay (LOHS). It was case-control observational study involving 44 cases of DNA patients who treated at Dr. Sardjito General Hospital Yogyakarta in the period of January 2018 to December 2020. The patients were divided into two groups with 22 patients in each group. The first group was the DNA patients with > 7 d LOHS and the second one was those with ≤ 7 d. No significantly relationship was observed between variables evaluated included the appropriate antibiotic use (p=0.546). However, dental caries (DC) was significantly related with the LOHS (p=0.015). In conclusion, there is no relationship between the appropriate antibiotic use and the LOHS. However, the DC is risk factor that influence the LOHS in patients with DNA.
Pendidikan Akhlak dalam Kerangka Tafsir Tematik
Authors: Sani Risyad , Hafidz Hafidz 
Published: February 2023

Al-Qur’an sebagai sumber ajaran umat Islam, di dalamnya berisi petunjuk menuju ke arah kehidupan yang lebih baik, tinggal bagaimana manusia memanfaatkannya. Menanggalkan nilai-nilai yang ada di dalamnya berarti menanti datangnya masa kehancuran. Sebaliknya kembali kepada Quran berarti mendambakan ketenangan lahir dan batin, karena ajaran yang terdapat dalam Quran berisi kedamaian. Agar terbentuk pribadi yang mulia, hendaknya penanaman akhlak terhadap anak digalakkan sejak dini dengan cara menanamkan nilai pendidikan akhalak yang terkandung dalam Quran, karena pembentukannya akan lebih mudah dibanding setelah anak tersebut menginjak dewasa.
Increased heart rhythm in response to high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone pulse therapy of moderate-to-severe Graves’ orbitopathy.
Authors: Gutowska Klaudia , Wojdyńska Zuzanna , Szewczyk Sebastian , Milczarek-Banach Justyna , Miśkiewicz Piotr 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT
Background: Intravenous glucocorticoids pulses administration is the main therapeutic option in the treatment of Graves’ orbitopathy. Such therapy could relate to the multiple adverse effects. The aim of the study is evaluation the influence of intravenous methylprednisolone (IVMP) pulse therapy on the heart rhythm (HR) changes in patients with active, moderate-to-severe Graves’ Orbitopathy (GO).
Methods: We studied 20 patients with moderate-to-severe GO. All patients received 12 IVMP pulses (6x500 mg plus 6x250mg) at equal time intervals in a weekly schedule. We performed Holter ECG monitoring for 3 consecutive days (the day before, the day of IVMP and day after IVMP) to monitor HR and arrhythmias. We compared changes in HR between these 3 days and set time interval when the alteration was significant. This evaluation was performed during the 1st, 6th and 12th IVMP pulse.
Results: Increased HR, in comparison with the day before, was registered on the day of IVMP administration. The most significant increase in HR started 5 hours (h) after a pulse administration and lasted 12 h. There were no significant differences in HR between the day before and the day after IVMP. We did not notice any major adverse cardiac events including severe arrhythmias.
Conclusions: IVMP therapy is associated with increased HR, that occurs a few hours after infusion, lasts several hours and is transient.
Keywords: Graves’ ophthalmopathy; Graves’ disease; glucocorticoids; heart rate
An Improved YOLOv5s Algorithm for Traffic Sign Recognition
Authors: zhu xia , Zhang Jing , Xu Bai , Zhu Hongbo 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Aiming at the problems of excessive parameter quantity, slow detection speed, and low detection accuracy of existing traffic sign recognition models, this paper proposes a traffic sign recognition algorithm with improved YOLOv5s. The algorithm applies depthwise separable convolution to the feature extraction network of YOLOv5s, which significantly reduces the parameters and computation of the backbone network. In the feature fusion stage, the feature maps of different levels obtained by the feature extraction network are input into the weighted bidirectional feature pyramid network structure ( CA-BiFPN ) for multi-scale feature fusion. In the design process of the loss function, ZIoU is used instead of GIoU as the bounding box regression loss function to solve the problem of overlapping the real box and the prediction box. The Focal loss function replaces the binary cross entropy loss function, which solves the problem of an unbalanced number of positive and negative samples in the detection process. The test results on the TT100K dataset show that the average accuracy of the algorithm reaches 77%, which is 4.94% higher than that of YOLOv5s, and the model size is 16MB, which is only 56.7% of YOLOv5s. The algorithm reduces the amount of calculation and model size to a certain extent and brings the improvement of detection speed and accuracy.
Development of Methods for Image Filtering in Noise and their Implementation for a Web Service
Authors: Palahin Dmytro , Palahina Elena , Palahin Volodymyr 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Known image processing software systems use filtering methods such as the Gaussian filter, the median filter, and others, which often do not have satisfactory performance in processing certain types of noise. This leads to a partial loss of the useful signal and a deterioration in image quality. The work is devoted to improving the quality of image filtering in various kinds of noise. A model of additive interaction of signals in additive impulse noise is proposed. A new method of least finite differences (MLFD) and its modification for image filtering has been developed. An interactive web service for the implementation of MLFD was created. Various filtering methods have been proposed to reduce the effect of impulsive noise on images. The proposed data processing is based on a priori information about the type of noise. The web service is a flexible and efficient solution for filtering digital images and is not available in well-known graphics packages. The new web service is a good compromise between the quality of filtering and the simplicity of the solution compared to complex and resource-intensive systems for graphic image processing.
A Recommendation System Involving a Hybrid Approach of Student Review and Rating for an Educational Video
Authors: Hazar Manar Joundy , Zrigui Mounir , Maraoui Mohsen 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In face-to-face learning, lecturers directly manage their students and use all their emotional expressions to assess their understanding of courses. Contrastingly, in e-learning, online platforms suffer from the absence of emotional communication. Therefore, this paper addresses educational videos because they are the top closed type of delivered data that can express and clarify details about a subject's meaning. This paper's authors propose an educational video recommendation system based on the hybridization of student historical data. The system will recommend educational videos on learning platforms (the Coursera platform is a case study). We use latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) for probabilistic topic models. LDA extracts topics from online video content. Simultaneously, we use sentiment analysis of learners' comments on educational videos to make new rating predictions and then hybrid the original user-rating matrix and predicted rating matrix to obtain a better recommendation.
Partitioning the Line Graph of Star-like Tree
Authors: zhang panpan , li shiguo 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
A graph $G$ of order $n$ is arbitrarily partitionable~(AP in abbreviation)~if for each sequence $\tau=(n_{1},n_{2},\ldots,n_{k})$ of positive integers such that it sums up to $n$,~there exists a partition $(V_{1},\ldots,V_{k})$ of the vertex set $V$ such that $|V_{i}|=n_{i}$ and $V_{i}$ induces a connected subgraph for all $i=1,\ldots,k$.~A star-like tree~$S(a,b,c)$ is a tree homeomorphic to the star $K_{1,3}$.~In this paper,~we focus on the arbitrarily partition of the line graph of $S(a,b,c)$.~We give the necessary and sufficient conditions for graphs $L(S(2,b,c))$ and $L(S(3,b,c))$ being AP.~Furthermore,~we provide three sufficient conditions for which $L(S(a,b,c))$ is not AP.
Evaluating a low-cost method for identifying areas with failing septic systems in low-order watersheds
Authors: Butzler Emma , Klos P. Zion 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
There are significant gaps in the ability to rapidly and affordably assess and identify areas of failing septic systems at fine spatial resolutions (< 1 km). This study evaluates a low-cost integrated method for identifying possible failing septic systems by: 1) using spatial metaanalysis to investigate the relationship between land cover, soil, and tax parcel data with the addition of in-situ high-resolution (50 m) nitrate data to identify localized hot spots of nutrient pollution that overlap with likely septic system locations; 2) prioritize the application of tests for Fecal Indicator Bacteria (FIB) only at these predetermined localized hot spots; 3) validate this integrated method against high-accuracy traditional water grab sampling methods of N and P concentration collected alongside the in-situ electronic measurement of relative nitrate change. Within a case example of the Fall Kill watershed, a suburban-rural watershed in New York, of the 17 observed in-stream spikes in relative nitrate concentration, nine of those spikes had strong evidence of possible septic influence based on FIB data, suggesting suboptimal septic systems pose a sizable threat to water quality. This low-cost and rapid approach to identifying likely locations of failing septic systems can help watershed groups elsewhere target education and mitigation strategies more efficiently.
Risk factors for perioperative intra-aortic balloon pumping application in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting：a single-center experience
Authors: Cheng Yi , Zhao Qing , Chen Jie , Liu Fengju , Zhang Shuang 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background: There were few studies on risk factors predicting perioperative application of intra-aortic balloon pumping (IABP) in coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) patients. The aim of the study is to explore risk factors for perioperative application of IABP in CABG patients.
Methods: Patients with preoperative IABP implantation were excluded. 1337 patients undergoing CABG were finally included. Patients were divided into two groups: IABP group and non-IABP group. Medical history, biochemical and ultrasonagraphic parameters were compared between the groups. Multivariate logistic analyse was used to explore possible risk factors. Combined ROC analysis was performed and area under ROC (AUC) was used to decide diagnostic capability of the risk factors.
Results: Patients in IABP group had a higher proportion of myocardial infarction (MI) history and atrial fibrillation(AF) history. IABP group also had a larger amount of blood loss and a higher serum level of small, dense low-density lipoprotein (sd-LDL). As for imaging results, IABP group had a lower Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Multivariate logistic analyse showed that LVEF< 50% (OR, 3.120) , history of MI (OR, 2.006), sd-LDL serum level (OR, 2.201) and blood loss during surgery>1000ml (OR, 2.545) were independent risk factors. Combined ROC analysis showed an AUC of 0.707.
Conclusion: For CABG patients, LVEF<50%, history of MI, blood loss during surgery>1000ml and sd-LDL serum level were risk factors for perioperative application of IABP. Combined ROC analysis showed an AUC of 0.707.
Clinical manifestations, imaging features and treatment strategies of cerebral amyloid angiopathy–related inflammation with chronic onset in the Chinese population
Authors: Li Jiaqi , Wang Yunchao , Fu Qichang , Zheng Honglin , Duan Suying , Zhao Taiqi , Mao Chengyuan , Jang Chenyang , Gao Yuan , Luo Haiyang , Xu Yuming 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Objective: Cerebral amyloid angiopathy–related inflammation (CAA-ri) is an increasingly recognized subtype of cerebral amyloid angiopathy, and previously reported CAA-ri patients mainly performed with acute and subacute onset. The study aims to describe the clinical manifestations, imaging features and treatment strategies of CAA-ri with chronic onset in the Chinese population.
Methods: We systematically reviewed the records of patients with cerebral amyloid angiopathy–related inflammation who presented from January 1, 2016, to January 1, 2023 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University for additional detailed clinical, laboratory, imaging, treatment, and outcomes data.
Results: The 40 individuals in the study included 23 men and 17 women with a median age of 66 years; 25 patients (62.5%) presented with chronic onset, the most common form of onset. Cognitive impairment (n = 17), headache (n = 6), behavioral alterations (n = 5), focal neurological signs (n = 5), were the relatively common clinical manifestations of CAA-ri in the chronic patients. T2 weighted, and fluid attenuation inversion recovery MRI sequences in all patients showed asymmetric, confluent and patchy hyperintensities in both cerebral hemispheres; Eleven patients were treated with glucocorticoid shock therapy (1 of them combined with immunoglobulin). Eight patients of eleven were discharged with significant remission of clinical symptoms. MRI was re-examined after treatment, and abnormal signals on the T2WI phase partially disappeared in 6 cases, increased in 1 case and MRI was not re-examined in 4 cases.
Conclusion: Chronic onset pattern may be the most common form in the CAA-ri Chinese population. Cognitive impairment, behavioral alterations, focal neurological dysfunction and headache are the main clinical manifestations of CAA-ri with chronic onset. Immunosuppressive treatment may improve clinical symptoms and imaging features in patients of CAA-ri with chronic onset.
Treatment of Pantothenate-kinase neurodegeneration with baclofen, botulinum toxin, and deferiprone: A case report
Authors: Hameed Marya , Siddiqui Fatima , Khan Khuzzaim , Gangishetti Prasanna Kumar , Tadisetty Sindhura 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration (PKAN) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by progressive motor symptoms such as dystonia and spasticity. Classical PKAN is the most common subtype of neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA). There is no current established treatment for PKAN. Baclofen and botulinum toxin have been reported to improve motor symptoms and ease care in these patients. Deferiprone is a well-tolerated iron chelator and has been shown effective in reducing the brain iron accumulation. We report a seven-year-old boy who presented to our ward with spastic gait and extrapyramidal signs. Brain MRI was performed which showed features of neurodegeneration secondary to brain iron accumulation with specific appearance of eye-of-the-tiger sign. Genetic testing was positive for a homozygous mutation in PKAN2 and the diagnosis of early stage classical PKAN was made. The case report highlights the potent efficacy of baclofen, botulinum toxin, and deferiprone in slowing down the disease progression at an early stage and improving the severity of symptoms.
Does Tranexamic acid Reduce Blood Loss and Transfusion Rate in Undernourished Patients with Hip Fracture?
Authors: Xie Jun , Himeno Shinkichi 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Tranexamic acid (TXA) has been widely used to reduce blood loss and postoperative transfusion rate in orthopedic surgeries. This study aimed to investigate the safety and effectiveness of TXA in undernourished older adults with hip fracture. A total of 216 patients were classified into undernutrition and normal groups, based on the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index. Eighty-two patients were randomized to receive intravenous TXA at 15 mg/kg before incision; another 1 g was administered intravenously for 3 h postoperatively. The association between TXA administration and perioperative hemoglobin (Hb) drop, blood transfusion rate, and deep venous thrombosis (DVT) rate, after controlling for patient demographics, was investigated. Of the patients, 51.9% were undernourished with progressive anemia (Hb: 10.9 ± 1.5 g/dL). More femoral neck fractures and fewer trochanteric fractures likely occurred in undernourished patients. TXA administration significantly reduced the Hb drop rather than the transfusion rate, regardless of the nutritional status. There was a high prevalence of undernutrition in older adults with hip fractures. Undernutrition can not only deteriorate muscle strength and gait function, leading to different types of hip fractures, but may also interfere with the processing of TXA in reducing the blood transfusion rate.
Effect of COVID-19 Lockdowns on Albedo in Delhi
Authors: Talwar Arnav , Sabharwal Rishabh , Chhabra Hardik , Kumar Harshit 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The impact of Covid-19 lockdowns on Delhi's albedo is discussed in this research along with its possible causes. The pollution control board's 24-hour data is utilized to examine the situation in Delhi during the previous five years across five areas. Delhi's five most diverse areas, Okhla, Dwarka, Mundka, Mandir Marg, and Anand Vihar, are evaluated. This paper is divided into three periods, i.e., pre-lockdown, during-lockdown, and post-lockdown periods, for a clear understanding of the results. PM2.5, PM10, NO, NO2, NOx, NH3, CO, SO2, Ozone, and Atmospheric Temperature are the ten parameters used for analysis. The analysis revealed that pollutants in Delhi are positively correlated to the atmospheric temperature and negatively correlated to albedo. Moreover, it was found that atmospheric temperature levels were minimum for Delhi when lockdowns were imposed.
Multidimensional harms of khat use in Ethiopia: an exploratory sequential mixed methods study design
Authors: Ayalew Meseret , Getachew Terefe , Abate Berhanu , Yirsaw Behabtu , Mihretu Awoke 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background: High prevalence of khat use is reported in Yemen, Somalia and Ethiopia; 67.9%, 59%, and 16% respectively. Previous studies mainly focused on khat users’ perspectives and were limited to individual-level harms. This study aimed to assess and explore the individual and societal level harms of khat use in comparison to people who do not use khat. Methods: Exploratory sequential mixed methods study design was employed in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. A random sampling method was used to select households and individuals in the household. The final sample size for individuals who chew khat was 512 and 380 individuals who do not use khat. All qualitative participants were purposively selected based on their khat user behavior. Twelve participants participated in the in-depth interviews. Independent sample t-test and Chi-square test were used to examine the difference between khat users and non-khat users across different indicators of the harms of khat use. Results: There were more depression symptoms, disability, stressful life events and food insecurity among individuals with khat us compared to non-khat users (p<0.05). Participants also reported diverse socioeconomic adverse consequences of khat use including selling one's assets or home utensils and spending the money on khat, low motivation for work, work abstinence, family chaos and conflict, unemployment, and violation of socio-cultural values and norms.
Conclusion: The study found multidimensional harms of khat use. Individuals who chew khat were more prone to psychological, and socioeconomic adversities. Prevention, law regulation or harm reduction actions that avoid or curve the harms of khat use should also be well designed and implemented at different levels.
Effect of High-Dose Vitamin D on Inflammatory Status of ICU Patients with COVID-19; a Double-Blind, Parallel Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Rahimi Akram , Zamaniyan Mohammad Hossein , Moradi Shima , Mostafaei Roghayeh , Soroush Ali , Javadfar Zohreh 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background: Vitamin D can stall hyper-inflammatory responses, and there are mechanistic reasons for the positive effects of vitamin D in COVID-19 patients.
Objectives: Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of a single high dose of vitamin D on inflammatory markers in critical patients with COVID-19.
Design and patients: A single center, double-blind, randomized clinical trial was conducted on 61 patients with COVID-19 admitted to the intensive care units. The intervention and placebo groups received a dose of 300,000 IU vitamin D intramuscularly and identical placebo respectively. Patients were followed up for one week. Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) (IU/ml), C-reactive protein (CRP) (mg/L), interleukin-6 (IL-6) (Pg/L), lymphocyte, neutrophil, and neutrophil/lymphocyte (N/L) ratios were checked at the beginning and 7 th day of the study.
Key results: A total of 44 patients with COVID-19 have completed this trial with vitamin D insufficiency in the baseline. The lymphocyte level increased while LDH (IU/ml), neutrophil level, and N/L ratio decreased after intervention with a high vitamin D dose, which was insignificant. The CRP (mg/L) and IL-6 (Pg/L) were significantly reduced after high-dose vitamin D intervention.
Conclusions: Based on the results, the effect of high doses of vitamin D on inflammatory indices was significant in patients with COVID-19 hospitalized in the ICU.
Mathematical terrain interactive editing technology for landscape design based on deep learning
Authors: Wei Feiyu , Li Yunyuan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The technology in the field of garden landscape is constantly developing with the progress of today's society, industry has also been promoted, and various styles of landscapes have appeared one by one according to the needs of the times. However, the research of landscape design still seems to remain on the basis of more formal, patterned and visual design, thus ignoring the interaction between design works and objects of use. This paper aims to integrate mathematical terrain into the field of landscape design, and use realistic digital terrain to enhance the realism of virtual landscapes and enhance the user's immersion. To date, researchers have proposed many terrain editing techniques, but no more comprehensive examination of terrain features and editing requirements has been carried out to meet more general terrain modeling needs. Based on deep learning technology, this paper constructs the design of interactive scene mathematical terrain editing system. The system consists of two subsystems: scene management system and user interface system. Each subsystem has its own function module, which is convenient for users to use. Each functional module can be called according to user preferences to create the desired landscape terrain. In the final evaluation of the customer, the hills and plains created based on the sketch are better than the original work, It can be concluded that the system not only has excellent effects in practical applications, but also has a wide range of cross-domain applications, and has a broad development prospect. This paper designs a class of interactive editable systems combined with mathematical terrain by introducing deep learning technology into the field of landscape design.