bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Punish or reward? How to strengthen supervision of nucleic acid testing
Authors: Kai Ji , Liu Ming , Wang Yue , Zhang Ding 
Published: July 2023

PurposeNucleic acid testing is an effective method of accurate prevention and control and a key measure to block the spread of the epidemic. However, the fraud in nucleic acid testing occurred frequently during epidemics. This paper aims to provide a viable scheme for the government to strengthen the supervision of nucleic acid testing and to provide a new condition for the punishment for the negative act of the government and the upper limit of the reward for nucleic acid testing institution of no data fraud.Design/methodology/approachThis paper formulates an evolutionary game model between the government and nucleic acid testing institution under four different mechanisms of reward and punishment to solve the issue of nucleic acid testing supervision. The authors discuss the stability of equilibrium points under the four distinct strategies and conduct simulation experiments.FindingsThe authors find that the strategy of dynamic reward and static penalty outperforms the strategies of static reward and static penalty, dynamic reward and static penalty, static reward and dynamic penalty, dynamic reward and dynamic penalty. The results reveal the appropriate punishment for the negative act of the government can enhance the positivity of the government's supervision in the strategy of dynamic reward and static penalty, while the upper limit of the reward for nucleic acid testing institution of no data fraud cannot be too high. Otherwise, it will backfire. Another interesting and counterintuitive result is that in the strategy of dynamic reward and dynamic penalty, the upper limit of the penalty for data fraud of nucleic acid testing institution cannot be augmented recklessly. Otherwise, it will diminish the government's positivity for supervision.Originality/valueMost of the existing evolutionary game researches related to the reward and punishment mechanism and data fraud merely highlight that increasing the intensity of reward and punishment can help improve the government's supervision initiative and can minimize data fraud of nucleic acid institution, but they fall short of the boundary conditions for the punishment and reward mechanism. Previous literature only study the supervision of nucleic acid testing qualitatively and lacks quantitative research. Moreover, they do not depict the problem scenario of testing data fraud of nucleic acid institution regulated by the government via the evolutionary game model. Thus, this study effectively bridges these gaps. This research is universal and can be extended to other industries.
Beyond mission drift: understanding the spaces of vulnerability in social enterprises’ missions
Authors: Golbspan Lutz Fernanda , Petrini Maira , Aguilar Delgado Natalia 
Published: July 2023

Purpose
Previous literature has emphasized that social enterprises (SEs) are challenged by their pursuit of divergent social and financial goals, often resulting in tensions leading to a mission drift. This study aims to provide an alternative view wherein these organizations fail to make deliberate and exclusive choices between their goals. In this paper, the authors critically review previous findings on mission drift and present a new concept built on the paradox theory.

Design/methodology/approach
This conceptual paper draws upon previous literature on mission drift in SEs. The authors took an integrative review approach to provide an overview of the topic in which the research is still interdisciplinary. The paradox theory approach has been used to guide the discussion and expand the findings.

Findings
The authors put forward the concept of spaces of vulnerability, which arise from the tensions faced by SEs between their social and financial objectives and which can lead them to suffer mission drift. The authors propose to shift attention from the sources and strategies of mission drift to the processes involved in the composition of those spaces where missions can become more vulnerable but not necessarily drift.

Practical implications
This perspective adds value to practitioners by increasing the likelihood of SEs surviving multiple logics and clarifying conflicts between social and financial goals in advance. Founders and managers might not only balance their dual missions but also understand their respective roots underlying typologies with regards to decision-making.

Originality/value
The authors enrich the literature by exploring how SEs can deal with tensions related to their multiple goals and sustain their social mission in the long term by offering a theoretical discussion and new forms to consider their dual objectives.
Drivers of sustainability: technological and relational factors influencing young consumers’ green buying intentions and green actual consumption behavior
Authors: Khan Naseer Abbas , Hassan Sajid , Pravdina Natalya , Akhtar Maria 
Published: July 2023

PurposeThis study aims to explore the factors that influence young green actual consumption behavior (GACB) by examining the relational and technological aspects that are dependent on technology and youth green buying intention (GBI). Additionally, this study endeavors to examine the moderating effect of adolescent green organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) on the association between young consumer GBI and young GACB.Design/methodology/approachThe data for this study was collected from a sample of 282 university students located in the southern region of China. A time lag approach was used in this study, with data being gathered during two separate intervals spaced apart by duration of two months.FindingsThe findings of this study demonstrate that both technological and relational factors play a significant role in predicting young consumer GBI, which in turn predicts young GACB. Additionally, the results indicate that GBI is a crucial facilitator in the investigation. Furthermore, the results reveal that young green OCB serves as a significant moderator, enhancing the association between young consumer GBI and young consumer GACB.Originality/valueThe present study provides a novel perspective on the examination of how technology and relational factors impact young consumers, offering a deeper understanding of their intentions and actual consumption behavior. The findings of this study offer both theoretical and practical implications for academics, policymakers, senior managers and practitioners, providing valuable insights into the field.
Better bushfire safety decision‐making: Making sense of complexities and challenges surrounding ‘Stay or Go’ and the Australian Fire Danger Rating System
Authors: Dwyer Graham , Schauble John 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn the context of bushfires (and other emergencies), state agencies should avoid developing policy and/or advice that locks people into rigid binary choices. In Victoria, Australia post‐fire inquiries have found the bushfire safety advice often referred to as ‘Stay (and defend your property) or Go (early before the fire arrives)’ to be contradictory and competing in its logic. However, this advice continues to provide a basis for positive community safety outcomes. It can still be used effectively by policy makers and practitioners within emergency management agencies to inform and educate a highly urbanised society that has become experientially detached from bushfire. With the introduction of the Australian Fire Danger Ratings System and climate challenges ahead, it appears that logics at the core of ‘Stay or Go’ will continue to offer communities located alongside complex bushfire risk in urban, regional, and rural areas a basis for appropriate safety decisions using the best available information.Points for practitioners
Provides guidelines for ways in which ‘Stay or Go’ advice can continue to be used by emergency management policy makers and practitioners as a basis for positive community safety outcomes from bushfire risk.
Challenges suggestions from significant bushfire inquiries that the logics at the core of ‘Stay or Go’ contradict each other. Staying and defending a home or leaving early offer a basis for surviving bushfire depending on individual circumstances—practitioners should ensure that this is a key message of bushfire education campaigns.
Provides pathways for practitioners and the community to work together and co‐create collaborative bushfire plans whereby preparing for bushfire risk is a shared responsibility.
State‐Owned Enterprises and Cross‐Border Alliances
Authors: Huang Chenchen , Ozkan Neslihan , Xu Fangming 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis study examines the international alliance activities of state‐owned enterprises (SOEs). We find that country‐level political and economic factors, such as autocracy, foreign ownership restrictions, foreign currency reserve, and industry dissimilarity, increase the likelihood of SOEs’ participation in cross‐border alliances. Our analyses further reveal that foreign firms tend to collaborate with local SOEs when facing high expropriation risks and the presence of a state‐dominated banking system in the host country. Further, foreign firms experience higher announcement returns when they ally with local SOEs rather than with non‐SOEs. This result suggests that the exclusive benefits from SOEs are value‐creating for the international alliance partners. Overall, our findings provide novel insights into the determinants and wealth effect of SOEs’ engagement in international alliance activities.
Longitudinal assessment of strength and body composition in a mouse model of chronic alcohol‐related myopathy
Authors: Ganjayi Muni Swamy , Brown Austin M. , Baumann Cory W. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundExcessive, chronic alcohol consumption can result in muscle atrophy and weakness (i.e., alcoholic myopathy) that impairs the quality of life. However, the precise mechanisms responsible for ethanol's detrimental impact on skeletal muscle have not been fully elucidated, in part due because the time course of disease development and progression are not well established. Therefore, we examined muscle strength and body composition longitudinally using an established preclinical mouse model of chronic alcoholic myopathy.MethodsTo establish a time course of chronic alcoholic myopathy, we fed High Drinking in the Dark (HDID) female mice (n = 7) 20% ethanol for ~32 weeks (following a 2‐week ethanol ramping period). We assessed in vivo isometric contractility of the left ankle dorsiflexor and lean mass via NMR every 4 weeks. Outcomes were compared with age‐matched control HDID mice that did not consume ethanol (n = 8).ResultsAt study completion, mice who consumed ethanol were 12% weaker than control mice (p = 0.015). Compared to baseline, consuming ethanol resulted in an acute transient reduction in dorsiflexion torque at Week 4 (p = 0.032) that was followed by a second, more sustained reduction at Week 20 (p < 0.001). Changes in lean mass paralleled those of dorsiflexor torque, with ~40% of the variance in dorsiflexor torque being explained by the variance in lean mass of the ethanol group (p < 0.001). Dorsiflexor torque normalized to lean mass (mN·m/g lean mass) did not differ between the ethanol and control groups from Weeks 4 to 32 (p ≥ 0.498).ConclusionsThese results indicate that reductions in muscle mass and strength due to chronic, excessive ethanol intake are dynamic, not necessarily linear, processes. Moreover, the findings confirm that ethanol‐induced weakness is primarily driven by muscle atrophy (i.e., loss of muscle quantity). Future studies should consider how chronic alcoholic myopathy develops and progresses rather than identifying changes after it has been diagnosed.
Immunolocalization and expression of Siglec5 protein in the male reproductive tract of dromedary camel during rutting season
Authors: Al Khodair Khalid Mohamed , Moqbel Mohammed Salem , Elseory Abdelrahman Mohamed Ali , Elsebaei Mahmoud Gamil , Al‐Thnaian Thnaian A. , Elhassan Mortada M. O. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractLectins are carbohydrate‐binding proteins that are highly selective for sugar groups on other molecules. Siglec5 is a cell‐surface lectin that belongs to the sialic acid‐binding Ig‐like lectins (Siglecs) and acts as a suppressor of immune responses. In this study, immunohistochemistry, western blotting and quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) were used to detect the expression of Siglec5 in the male reproductive tract of dromedary camels during the rutting season. Siglec5 displayed strong immunostaining in the cranial and caudal testicular regions and moderate immunostaining in the rete testis. Different parts of the epididymis showed varying immunoreactions to Siglec5. The spermatozoa in the testes and epididymis also showed positive immunostaining for Siglec5, whereas, the vas deferens showed negative immunostaining for the protein. The results obtained by western blotting confirmed the immunohistochemical detection of the protein in the testicular and epididymal tissues. The results of qRT‐PCR showed that Siglec mRNA was expressed differently in each part of the testis and epididymis; the highest levels of expression were observed in the caudal part of the testis and in the head of the epididymis. In conclusion, the present study revealed that Siglec5 is mainly located in the testis and epididymis, where sperm production and maturation occur. Therefore, this protein may play an essential role in the development, maturation and protection of camel sperm.
Evaluation of practice change following SAFE obstetric courses in Tanzania: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Lilaonitkul M. , Zacharia A. , Law T. J. , Yusuf N. , Saria P. , Moore J. 
Published: July 2023

SummaryAnaesthesia has been shown to contribute disproportionately to maternal mortality in low‐resource settings. This figure exceeds 500 per 100,000 live births in Tanzania, where anaesthesia is mainly provided by non‐physician anaesthetists, many of whom are working as independent practitioners in rural areas without any support or opportunity for continuous medical education. The three‐day Safer Anaesthesia from Education (SAFE) course was developed to address this gap by providing in‐service training in obstetric anaesthesia to improve patient safety. Two obstetric SAFE courses with refresher training were delivered to 75 non‐physician anaesthetists in the Mbeya region of Tanzania between August 2019 and July 2020. To evaluate translation of knowledge into practice, we conducted direct observation of the SAFE obstetric participants at their workplace in five facilities using a binary checklist of expected behaviours, to assess the peri‐operative management of patients undergoing caesarean deliveries. The observations were conducted over a 2‐week period at pre, immediately post, 6‐month and 12‐month post‐SAFE obstetric training. A total of 320 cases completed by 35 participants were observed. Significant improvements in behaviours, sustained at 12 months after training included: pre‐operative assessment of patients (32% (pre‐training) to 88% (12 months after training), p < 0.001); checking for functioning suction (73% to 85%, p = 0.003); using aseptic spinal technique (67% to 100%, p < 0.001); timely administration of prophylactic antibiotics (66% to 95%, p < 0.001); and checking spinal block adequacy (32% to 71%, p < 0.001). Our study has demonstrated positive sustained changes in the clinical practice amongst non‐physician anaesthetists as a result of SAFE obstetric training. The findings can be used to guide development of a checklist specific for anaesthesia for caesarean section to improve the quality of care for patients in low‐resource settings.
Definition, management, and training in impacted fetal head at cesarean birth: a national survey of maternity professionals
Authors: Cornthwaite Katie , Hewitt Pauline , van der Scheer Jan W. , Brown Imogen A. F. , Burt Jenni , Dufresne Eliane , Dixon‐Woods Mary , Draycott Tim ,   ABC Contributor Group,   Thiscovery Authorship Group, Bahl Rachna 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntroductionThis study assessed views, understanding and current practices of maternity professionals in relation to impacted fetal head at cesarean birth, with the aim of informing a standardized definition, clinical management approaches and training.Material and methodsWe conducted a survey consultation including the range of maternity professionals who attend emergency cesarean births in the UK. Thiscovery, an online research and development platform, was used to ask closed‐ended and free‐text questions. Simple descriptive analysis was undertaken for closed‐ended responses, and content analysis for categorization and counting of free‐text responses. Main outcome measures included the count and percentage of participants selecting predefined options on clinical definition, multi‐professional team approach, communication, clinical management and training.ResultsIn total, 419 professionals took part, including 144 midwives, 216 obstetricians and 59 other clinicians (eg anesthetists). We found high levels of agreement on the components of an impacted fetal head definition (79% of obstetricians) and the need for use of a multi‐professional approach to management (95% of all participants). Over 70% of obstetricians deemed nine techniques acceptable for management of impacted fetal head, but some obstetricians also considered potentially unsafe practices appropriate. Access to professional training in management of impacted fetal head was highly variable, with over 80% of midwives reporting no training in vaginal disimpaction.ConclusionsThese findings demonstrate agreement on the components of a standardized definition for impacted fetal head, and a need and appetite for multi‐professional training. These findings can inform a program of work to improve care, including use of structured management algorithms and simulation‐based multi‐professional training.
Delphi consensus study and clinical practice guideline development for functional electrical stimulation to support upright mobility in people with an upper motor neuron lesion
Authors: Bulley Cathy , Burridge Jane , Adonis Adine , Joiner Sarah , Curnow Eleanor , van der Linden Marietta L. , Street Tamsyn 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPurposeA Clinical Practice Guideline (CPG) is required to provide guidance on optimal service delivery for Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) to support upright mobility in people living with mobility difficulties due to an upper motor neuron lesion, such as stroke or multiple sclerosis. A modified Delphi consensus study was used to provide expert consensus on best practice.MethodsA Steering Group supported the recruitment of an Expert Panel, which included a range of stakeholders who participated in up to three survey rounds. In each round, panelists were asked to rate their agreement with draft statements about best practice using a 6‐point Likert scale and add free text to explain their answer. Statements that achieved over 75% agree/strongly agree on the Likert scale were included in the CPG. Those that did not were revised based on free text comments and proposed in the next survey round.ResultsThe first round included 82 statements with seven substatements. Sixty‐five people (84% response rate) completed survey round 1 leading to 62 statements and four substatements being accepted. Fifty‐six people responded to survey round 2, and consensus was achieved for all remaining statements.ConclusionThe accepted statements are included within the CPG and provide recommendations about who can benefit from FES and how they can be optimally supported through FES service provision. As such the CPG will support advocacy for, and optimal design of, FES services.
‘She was hungry’—Croatian mothers' reasons for supplementing their healthy, term babies with formula during the birth hospitalisation
Authors: Vidović Roguljić Ana , Zakarija‐Grković Irena 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimTo explore why Croatian mothers request formula for their healthy, term newborn infants during the postnatal hospital stay.MethodsFour focus groups discussions were conducted with a total of 25 women who gave birth to healthy newborn infants, between May and June 2021 in Split, Croatia. A homogenous, non‐random purposive sampling technique was used. The semi‐structured interview schedule contained 15 open‐ended questions. Reflexive thematic analysis was applied.ResultsThree themes were generated. The first theme fear of hunger referred to the mothers' fears arising from difficulties in interpreting newborn infant behaviour and finding solace in giving formula. The second theme too little support–too late reflected participants' unrealised expectations of hospital staff. The third theme non‐supportive communication addressed mother's need for empathy during the postpartum hospital stay.ConclusionCroatian mothers want to breastfeed, but often feel unsupported in doing so in the maternity hospital setting. Antenatal education of expectant mothers and training of maternity staff in breastfeeding counselling, with a strong emphasis on communication skills, as well as employment of International Board Certified Lactation Consultants and/or volunteer breastfeeding counsellors, were perceived by participants as a way to decrease mothers' requests for formula for their healthy, newborn infants.
Clinical utility of liver fat quantification for determining cardiovascular disease risk among patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Kuo Selena Z. , Cepin Sandra , Bergstrom Jaclyn , Siddiqi Harris , Jung Jinho , Lopez Scarlett , Huang Daniel Q. , Taub Pam , Amangurbanova Maral , Loomba Rohit 
Published: July 2023

SummaryBackgroundNonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are independent risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD).AimsTo examine the clinical utility of liver fat quantification for determining CVD risk among a well‐phenotyped cohort of patients with T2DM.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional analysis of a prospective cohort of adults aged ≥50 with T2DM. Liver fat was quantified with magnetic resonance imaging proton‐density‐fat‐fraction (MRI‐PDFF), an advanced imaging‐based biomarker. Patients were stratified into a higher liver fat group (MRI‐PDFF ≥ 14.6%), and a lower liver fat group (MRI‐PDFF < 14.6%). The co‐primary outcomes were CVD risk determined by Framingham and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease (ASCVD) risk scores. High CVD risk was defined by risk scores ≥20%.ResultsOf the 391 adults (66% female) in this study, the mean (±SD) age was 64 (±8) years and BMI 30.8 (±5.2) kg/m2, respectively. In multivariable analysis, adjusted for age, gender, race, and BMI, patients in the higher liver fat group had higher CVD risk [OR = 4.04 (95% CI: 2.07–7.88, p < 0.0001)] and ASCVD risk score [OR = 2.85 (95% CI: 1.19–6.83, p = 0.018)], respectively.ConclusionHigher liver fat content increases CVD risk independently of age, gender, ethnicity and BMI. These findings raise the question whether liver fat quantification should be incorporated into risk calculators to further stratify those with higher CVD risk.