bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A nomogram based on radiomics for predicting the high-grade histologic patterns in pure-solid clinical stage IA lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zhou Xiaojun , Yang Liuqiong , Dai Qi , Han Dan , Leng Shaoyi , Zhang Jingfeng 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background: High-grade histologic subtypes of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) are associated with poor prognosis, and preoperative identification of it may influence the decision of treatment strategy.
Methods: In this retrospective study, data of 352 patients who underwent surgery for clinical stage IA LUAD from December 2019 to February 2022 were collected, in which 297 patients were from center 1 and 55 patients were from center 2. According to the percentage of solid(SOL) and micropapilary (MIP) histologic subtypes composition, all patients were divided into 2 groups (high-grade and low to median grade). Radiomics features were extracted from preoperative CT images by Python, Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) were used for radiomics factors selection and rad-score calculation. A final classification model was developed by multivariate logistic regression analysis.
Results: A rad-score consisted of 6 features selected from 1130 radiomics showed considerable predictive performance in the internal training set (Area under the curve, AUC=0.76, 95% confidence interval [CI]:0.69~0.82). In contrast, the AUC of the model consisting of tumor diameter, lobulation sign and emphysema was only 0.67 (95% CI: 0.60~0.75). The nomogram based on radiomics and conventional imaging morphology features showed better performance on discrimination in the training set (AUC=0.79,95%CI:0.73~0.86), validation set (AUC=0.79, 95%CI: 0.69~0.89) and external validation set (AUC=0.77, 95CI%:0.63~0.90).
Conclusions: A nomogram based on radiomics and conventional imaging morphology features can help to identify the worse prognosis of pure-solid clinical stage IA LUAD.
Regulatory T cells mediate the decreased susceptibility of males to Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection
Authors: Rodgers Aoife , Monahan Avril M. , Dubois Alice , Faniyi Aduragbemi A. , Marshall Helina E. , Jenkinson Faith , Muir Roshell , Osbourn Megan , Elborn J. Stuart , Fuente Alerie Guzman de la , Ingram Rebecca J. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
Sex hormones have been shown to play a role in the susceptibility of female patients with CF to P. aeruginosa chronic infection; however, the cellular mechanisms responsible for such sex-based imbalance are poorly understood. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to assess the role of the female sex hormone estrogen in a murine model of P. aeruginosa induced lung infection and to elucidate the cellular immune mechanisms involved.
Methods
The bacterial burden and inflammatory parameters following intranasal infections with P. aeruginosa were compared in male and female mice. Female mice were treated with anastrozole, which lowers estradiol, and the impact on survival assessed. Infection in male and female RAG1−/− mice, which lack T and B lymphocytes, and Foxp3DTR/GFP mice, in which Tregs can be selectively depleted, were also compared.
Results
We demonstrate that female adult mice are more susceptible to P. aeruginosa lung infection, compared to that of males, while this effect was not evident in pre-pubescent mice. Pre-treatment of female adult mice with anastrozole, resulted in increased survival and a greater ability to control P. aeruginosa induced lung infection, as evidenced by reduced bacterial burden in the lung and reduced levels of serum IL-6. This increased susceptibility of adult female mice to P. aeruginosa was not seen during infection in RAG1−/− mice, or following depletion of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in Foxp3DTR/GFP mice. In male mice, there was a significant increase in IL-6 levels following Treg depletion, demonstrating liberation from regulation, which did not occur in female mice.
Conclusions
This data demonstrates, for the first time, that the increased susceptibility of female mice to P. aeruginosa-induced lung infection is a result of the reduced action of Tregs. The potential benefits of targeting Treg activity in CF warrants further investigation in prevention and treatment of P. aeruginosa infection.
Steam combined dry reforming of methane over CoMo/Al2O3 nanoflake catalyst at low microwave power irradiation
Authors: None Nabil Majd , Minh Hoang Nguyen , Al-Mohammedawi Hassan H. , AL-Zuhairi Firas Khaleel , Abdullah Thamer Adnan , Sukkar Khalid A , Alrubaye Jamal M. Ali 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This research involved performing steam-assisted dry reformation (SDR) on methane over a CoMo2/Al2O3 nanoflake catalyst irradiated at microwave frequencies. CoMo2 nanoflakes showed great catalytic activity for reforming reactions due to their excellent exposed surface to the incident MW and better ability to absorb MW. Fischer-Tropsch (F-T) synthesis is used to manufacture liquid fuels, and the predicted syngas ratio (H2/CO) can be easily modified by adjusting the quantity of steam to carbon ratio (S/C) supplied into the reactor. With an intake S/C ratio of less than (0.1) and (200 W) of MW power, it is possible to get an H2/CO ratio greater than one. Compared to carbon-based catalysts, the catalytic stability of the CoMo2 nanoflakes catalysts was much higher after 16 hours of time-on-stream (TOS) of the SDR process while being exposed to MW irradiation. Steam combination dry reforming, MW assistance, and a CoMo catalyst are some keywords that might be used here.
Harmonic Voltage Phasor Reconstruction and Harmonic State Estimation Based on the Measurement Data of a Capacitive Voltage Transformer
Authors: ZHU Xiaoxian , PENG Qingjun , ZOU Dexu , WANG Shan , WANG Haozhou , ZHOU Fangrong 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Harmonic state estimation, which highly depends on accurate synchronized phasors, is a crucial basis for the location, traceability, and governance of harmonics in power systems. However, most existing synchronous phasor measurement units (PMUs) provide power frequency phasors rather than harmonic phasors. In addition, as the dominant voltage signal provider for PMUs in power systems, capacitive voltage transformers (CVTs) have complex frequency responses and cannot be directly used for harmonic measurement. Therefore, accurate harmonic state estimation is difficult to achieve in applications. In this study, we proposed a method for harmonic voltage phasor reconstruction and harmonic state estimation based on the measurement data of a CVT. First, the reasons for harmonic voltage measurement errors were analyzed. Second, the scattering parameter method was used to measure the wideband voltage transfer characteristics of CVT. Third, a voltage reconstruction method was proposed to improve the measurement accuracy and expand the frequency range of synchronous phasor measurement. Fourth, this method was applied to harmonic state estimation, and the performance of harmonic state estimation before and after voltage reconstruction was quantitatively compared. Results showed that the proposed method can remarkably improve the accuracy of harmonic state estimation. Finally, some factors, such as state observability, complex error disturbances, CVT structure, and harmonic order, influencing the performance of the proposed method were investigated. Results further demonstrated that the method has high accuracy, strong anti-interference, and adaptability, and can provide basic information for harmonic localization and traceability.
Attributing human mortality from fire PM2.5 to climate change
Authors: Park Chaeyeon , Takahashi Kiyoshi , Fujimori Shinichiro , Jansakoo Thanapat , Burton Chantelle , Huang Huilin , Kou-Giesbrecht Sian , Reyer Christopher , Mengel Matthias , Burke Eleanor , Li Fang , Hantson Stijn , Takakura Jun'ya , Lee Dong Kun , Hasegawa Tomoko 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Wildfires affect human health by emitting hazardous air pollutants. The contribution of climate change to global fire-induced health impacts has not been quantified so far. Here, we used three fire-vegetation models in combination with a chemical transport model and health risk assessment framework to attribute global human mortality from fire fine particulate matter (PM2.5) emissions to climate change. Among the total 31,934 (1960s) –75,870 (2010s) annual fire PM2.5 mortalities, climate change generated excess annual deaths from 819 (1960s) to 5,541 (2010s). The influence of climate change on fire mortality is strongest in South America, southern Australia, and Europe, coinciding with a significant decrease in relative humidity. In other regions, such as South Asia, increasing relative humidity has gradually decreased fire mortality. Our study highlights that climate change already contributed to fire mortality and our findings will help public health authorities to better predict and manage fire mortality.
Tunable ferroelectric topological defects on 2D topological surfaces: strain engineering skyrmion-like polar structures in 2D materials
Authors: Deng Junkai , Xu Bo , Gong Zhanpeng , Liu Jingran , Hong Yunfei , Yang Yang , Li Lou , Liu Yilun , Liu Jefferson Zhe 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Polar topological structures in ferroelectric materials have attracted significant interest due to their fascinating physical properties and promising applications in high-density, nonvolatile memories. Currently, most polar topological patterns are only observed in the bulky perovskite superlattices. In this work, we report a discovery of tunable ferroelectric polar topological structures designed and achieved using topological strain engineering in two-dimensional PbX (X = S, Se, and Te) materials via integrating first-principles calculations, machine learning molecular dynamics simulations, and continuum modelling. Our first-principles calculations discover the strain-induced reversible ferroelectric phase transition with diverse polarization directions strongly correlated to the straining conditions. Taking advantage of the mechanical flexibility of 2D PbX, using MD simulations, we successfully demonstrate that the complex strain fields of 2D topological surfaces under mechanical indentation can generate unique skyrmion-like polar topological vortex patterns. Our further continuum simulations for experimentally accessible larger-scale 2D topological surfaces uncover multiple skyrmion-like structures (i.e., vortex, anti-vortex, and flux-closure) and transition between them by adopting/designing different types of mechanical loadings (such as out-of-plane indention and air blowing). Topological surfaces with various designable reversible polar topological structures can be tailored by complex straining flexible 2D materials, which provides excellent opportunities for next-generation nanoelectronics and sensor devices.
On the variational treatment of a class of double-well oscillators
Authors: Fernández Francisco M. , Garcia Javier 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We compare the well known Rayleigh-Ritz variational method (RRVM) with a recently proposed approach based on supersymmetric quantum mechanics and the Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization method (SSQMGS). We apply both procedures to a particular class of double-well harmonic oscil-lators that had been conveniently chosen for the application of the latter approach. The RRVM eigenvalues converge smoothly from above providing much more accurate results with less computational effort. Present results show that the unproved SSQMGS upper bounds do not hold.
Neonatal jaundice detection in low-resource Mexican settings: possibilities and barriers for innovation with mobile health
Authors: Jiménez-Díaz Gabriela , Aune Anders , Elizarrarás-Rivas Jesús , Gierman Lobke Marijn , Keitsch Martina , Marcuzzi Anna , Infanti Jennifer Jean 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background: Neonatal jaundice is a common condition that can lead to brain damage and disabilities when severe cases go undetected. Low- and middle-income countries often lack accurate methods for detecting neonatal jaundice and rely on visual assessment, resulting in a higher incidence of adverse consequences. Picterus Jaundice Pro (Picterus JP), an easy-to-use and affordable smartphone-based screening device for the condition, has demonstrated higher accuracy than visual assessment in Norwegian, Philippine and Mexican newborns. This study aimed to identify the barriers and facilitators to implementing Picterus JP in public health services in low-income settings in Mexico by exploring the current process of neonatal jaundice detection and stakeholders’ perspectives in that context.
Methods:Qualitative data collection techniques, including one focus group, 15 semi-structured interviews and four observations, were employed in urban and rural health facilities in Oaxaca, Mexico. The participants included medical doctors, nurses and health administrators. The data were analysed by thematic analysis guided by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research.
Results: The analysis yielded four main themes: (I) the current state of neonatal care and NNJ detection, (II) the needs and desires for enhancing NNJ detection, (III) the barriers and facilitators to implementing Picterus JP in the health system and (IV) HCWs’ expectations of Picterus JP.
The findings identify deficiencies in the current neonatal jaundice detection process and the participants’ desire for a more accurate method. Picterus JP was perceived as easy to use, useful and compatible with the work routine, but barriers to adoption were identified, including internet deficiencies and costs.
Conclusions: The introduction of Picterus JP as a supporting tool to screen for neonatal jaundice is promising but contextual barriers in the setting must be addressed for successful implementation. There is also an opportunity to optimise visual assessment to improve detection of neonatal jaundice.
Some thoughts on modelling abrasion-corrosion: wear by hard particles in corrosive environments
Authors: Jiang Jiaren (Jimmy) , Islam MD Aminul , Xie Yongsong , Stack Margaret M 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Wear by hard particles can involve abrasion or erosion and is one of the most severe forms of wear. When a corrosive environment is present, the material loss rate can be significantly increased due to interactions (synergy) between the mechanical and chemical/electrochemical actions. In developing strategies for mitigating such adverse synergistic effect, it is important to understand the complex effect of various parameters on material loss under given tribocorrosion conditions. In this paper, a model is presented for wear-corrosion synergy in abrasive wear by hard particles applicable to many conditions in both the marine renewable (abrasion by high concentrations of large sand particles on tidal turbines) and extractive metallurgy (abrasive wear in mineral extraction). The mechanical wear loss is modeled based on the grooving mechanism (micro-cutting/micro-ploughing). Wear-enhanced corrosion is calculated from the fresh surface areas generated by grooving and the corresponding transient corrosion current. The concept of “corrosion-degraded layer” on the worn surface is introduced to account for the corrosion-enhanced wear; within this corrosion-degraded layer, the material loss rate is higher under the same mechanical wear conditions than in the material that is unaffected by corrosion. Based on the model, the effect of wear conditions on synergy in hard particle wear-corrosion has been discussed. The relative thickness of the corrosion-degraded layer to the depth of hard particle penetration (grooving) in the mechanical wear is found to be an important parameter in determining the relative severity of synergy in different tribo-corrosion systems. Good qualitative agreement has been observed between the predictions and published experimental results obtained from a range of abrasion-corrosion and erosion-corrosion lab testing.
FOXE1 gene expression is linked to the size of papillary thyroid cancer tumors
Authors: Hajian Roya , Javadirad Seyed-Morteza , kolahdouzan Mohsen 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Introduction: Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), the most prevalent neoplasm of the thyroid, is more common in women than in men.
Objectives: To uncover the expression profile of FOXE1gene in PTC tumor etiology.
Subjects and methods: Microarray and RNA sequencing data on PTC in humans were analyzed. Eleven PTC tumor tissue samples and corresponding healthy tissue samples were collected. RT-qPCR was performed. Data normality, ROC construction, and logistic regression analysis were conducted. PTC tumors, healthy tissues surrounding tumors, patients of different sexes and ages, metastasizing tumors, and tumor variants were assessed for FOXE1 expression.
Results: FOXE1 gene expression was significantly increased in PTC tumors with dimensions less than 10 mm (relative expression= 14.437, p=0.050). A substantial increase in FOXE1gene expression was observed in the healthy tissue adjacent to the tumor, which was less than 10 mm in size, compared to the healthy tissue adjacent to the tumor, which was larger than 10 mm (relative expression= 41.760, p=0.0001). Females diagnosed with PTC showed a significant reduction in FOXE1mRNA levels compared to their male counterparts (relative expression=0.081, p=0.042). In contrast to healthy tissue, there was a significant reduction in FOXE1gene expression in FV-PTC (relative expression = 0.044 and p = 0.0001).
Conclusion: PTC tumors under 10mm have higher FOXE1gene expression than larger tumors; healthy tissue adjacent to smaller tumors also has higher FOXE1 expression. FOXE1 mRNA expression is lower in PTC females compared to males, as well as in FV-PTC compared to healthy tissue.
A multi-sensor framework in google earth engine for spatio-temporal trend analysis of water quality parameters in Anzali lagoon
Authors: Navabian Maryam , Vazifedoust Majid , Varaki Mehdi Esmaeili 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The Anzali wetland is one of the internationally known freshwater wetlands which provides habitats for many plants and migratory birds, and plays the role of a treatment plant for running water into the Caspian Sea. However, its lagoon is getting shallower due to the inflow of sediment and deposition of organic detritus, and its water quality is deteriorating due to the inflow of wastewater and solid waste from neighboring cities. Therefore, monitoring of water quality parameters (WQP) in Anzali Lagoon is deemed a priority for protection and prevention of its degradation. The current study investigates the environmental condition of the wetland between 2014 to 2021 using remote sensing technology. A multi-sensor framework was developed in google earth engine for spatio-temporal trend analysis of water quality parameters in Anzali lagoon. Water quality parameters incluing TSS, TDS, pH and nitrate were derived using Landsat satellite data based on the calibrated regression equations introduced for this wetland. Spatio-temporal variations of WQP was depicted to determine the critical points and evaluate the trend analysis. The results showed that the WQP fluctuate significantly over time. The spatial distributions indicated that the critical points of the lagoon are changing from the Western to the center and Eastern parts. The comparison of the WQP parameters with the environmental standards confirmed that the lagoon condition is in critical stage, especially in terms of TSS. Nitrate values showed that 50% of the lagoon area exceeds the environmental standards, which indicates the nutritional status. The investigated WQP has had a significant positive trend in most areas, so the lagoon is under high environmental risk and unfriendly human activities should be controlled.
Association of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the F2RL1 gene with clinical and inflammatory characteristics of patients with asthma
Authors: Shrestha Nami , Haji Qahir , Mack Emily , Sinnatamby Tristan , Sandford Andrew J , Cameron Lisa , Vliagoftis Harrisios 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Proteinase-activated receptor 2 (PAR2) is a G-protein coupled receptor associated with many inflammatory diseases, including asthma. We have shown an association between PAR2 expression in peripheral blood monocytes and asthma severity as well as blood PAR2 mRNA level and lung function. Since F2RL1 (the gene encoding PAR2) polymorphisms affect PAR2 expression, we hypothesize they may affect asthma severity.
Methods
We recruited 76 subjects with asthma of varying severity and collected clinical (FEV1 [% predicted], FEV1/FVC, IgE) and immunological (PAR-2 mRNA, blood eosinophils) disease parameters. We also genotyped these individuals for 3 F2RL1 SNPs (-45C/T, -149C/G, c.621C/T).
Results
We found that the F2RL1 SNP “C” allele of -45C/T (rs1529505) was associated with PAR-2 mRNA and blood eosinophils. F2RL1 SNP c.621C/T (rs631465) was associated with PAR-2 mRNA. The F2RL1 SNP -149C/G (rs2242991) had no association with any of the parameters studied. This study identified one F2RL1 SNP rs1529505 is associated with parameters of asthma, but not asthma severity.
Conclusion
Larger studies are needed to further elucidate the role of PAR2 in the pathophysiology of asthma and the influence of genetic variation.
Eco-anxiety: Ontario Teachers’ Perspectives into Effective Pedagogy in Environmental Education
Authors: Liu Yin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Eco-anxiety describes emotional responses such as fatigue, frustration, and anger toward environmental issues. In recent years, there is a growing concern among educators on how this emotion affects learning experience in environmental education. This qualitative study thus examines the manifestation and impact of this anxiety on learning interest, engagement, and motivation. Specifically, through interviewing two experienced Ontario teachers, it delves into its impact and implies professional development to promote environmental education in Ontario classrooms. Primarily, my research finds that anxiety is prevalent in practice; however, it also indicates that teaching anxiety contributes to this learning anxiety. Mainly, a lack of knowledge and experience in this education points to a systemic support that will combat anxiety and empower learners to address the challenge of Climate Change.
Association of grandchild caring with depressive symptoms among migrant older adults in metropolitan areas of China
Authors: Li Zhuo , Yao Dan , Wang Yantao , Zhu Ping , Hong Chenlu , Yang Yingkai , Yin Shushan , Luo Yanan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The association of grandchild caring with depressive symptoms among elderly migrants in metropolitan areas remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the relationship and mechanism between grandchild caring and the risk of depressive symptoms among elderly migrants in metropolitan areas. A questionnaire survey targeting 1000 elderly migrants was conducted in Beijing, China. The study utilized instrumental variables estimation (2SLS-IV) and mediating analysis (KHB method) as the main statistical analysis method. It was revealed that grandchild caring significantly decreases the risk of depressive symptoms among elderly migrants (β=-5.318, p = 0.001). However, high intensity of caring may increase the risk of depressive symptoms (β = 0.665, p = 0.002). It is especially suitable for the elderly migrants who were females, 70 years old and above and resident in Beijing less than 4 years. Social activity participation, emotional feedback from adult children, and emotional interaction with grandchildren adjust the relationship between grandchild caring and mental health of elderly migrants in metropolitan areas. Notably, emotional interaction with grandchildren makes the most significant contribution to the mediating effect. These findings highlight the importance of grandchild caring for the mental health among elderly migrants in metropolitan areas, which can significantly reduce the risk of depressive symptoms of this special group.