bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The evaluation of the social functioning of schizophrenia patients followed up in the health center My El Hassan of Kenitra, Morocco
Authors: Fitah Ilhame , Chakit Miloud , El Kadiri Mohamed , Brikat Sara , El Hessni Aboubaker , Mesfioui Abdelhalim 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Difficulties in interacting in and adapting to the social world are the central complaint faced by patients with schizophrenia. These people are often socially isolated, unemployed and may find it difficult to live independently.

Aim
This study aims to evaluate the social functioning of schizophrenic patients, and to highlight the various factors associated with the alteration of the social functioning of schizophrenic patients.

Methods
We conducted a prospective descriptive and analytical study of a population of 72 patients with schizophrenia. These are patients between 19 and 59 years old, clinically stabilized, diagnosed and followed at the My EL Hassan health center in Kenitra (Morocco). Symptom assessment is measured using a standardized Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), and social functioning is assessed using a Social Functioning Questionnaire (SFQ).

Results
Statistical analysis shows that of 72 schizophrenic patients, 33.3% had good social functioning, 59.7% had moderate social functioning, while 6.9% of patients had altered social functioning (the average score of all SFQ items less than 2.4). 6.9% with altered social functioning, are patients aged 19 to 49, were male (p < 0.35), come from an urban areas (p < 0.17), without professional activity (p < 0.00), and have a progressive onset of the disease (p < 0.31). 5.5% (n = 4) of them were single (p < 0.12), caught this disease at an age greater than or equal to 20 years, and have the mixed type of symptoms (positive/negative) (p < 0.15). The altered social functioning of our patients is correlated to five factors: professional activity (p < 0.00), family situation (p < 0.03), family care (p < 0.02), family awareness (p < 0.01), and the negative subtype of psychotic symptomatology (p < 0.02).

Conclusion
This study underlines the interest of psycho-social treatment as specific care which would complement symptomatic treatment and improve the social functioning of patients with schizophrenia.
Fucose as a nutrient ligand for Dikarya and a building block of early diverging lineages
Authors: Orłowska Małgorzata , Barua Drishtee , Piłsyk Sebastian , Muszewska Anna 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Fucose is a deoxyhexose sugar present and studied in mammals. The process of fucosylation has been the primary focus in studies relating to fucose in animals due to the presence of fucose in Lewis antigens. Very few studies have reported its presence in Fungi, mostly in Mucoromycotina. The constitution of 25% and 12% of this sugar in the carbohydrates of cell wall in the respective Umbelopsis and Mucorales strains boosts the need to bridge the gap of knowledge on fucose metabolism across the fungal tree of life. In the absence of a network map involving fucose proteins, we carried out an in-silico approach to construct the fucose metabolic map in Fungi. We analyzed the taxonomic distribution of 85 protein families in Fungi including diverse early diverging fungal lineages. The expression of fucose-related protein-coding genes proteins was validated with the help of transcriptomic data originating from representatives of early diverging fungi. We found proteins involved in several metabolic activities apart from fucosylation such as synthesis, transport and binding. Most of the identified protein families are shared with Metazoa suggesting an ancestral origin in Opisthokonta. However, the overall complexity of fucose metabolism is greater in Metazoa than in Fungi. Massive gene loss has shaped the evolutionary history of these metabolic pathways, leading to a repeated reduction of these pathways in most yeast-forming lineages. Our results point to a distinctive mode of utilization of fucose among fungi belonging to Dikarya and the early diverging lineages. We speculate that, while Dikarya used fucose as a source of nutrients for metabolism, the early diverging group of fungi depended on fucose as a building block and signaling compound.

Graphical abstract
The prognostic role of urea-to-creatinine ratio in patients with acute heart failure syndrome: a case–control study
Authors: Sakr Ahmed Refaat Mohamed , Gomaa Gamal Fahim Elsayed , Wasif Salwa Mahmoud El , Eladawy Ahmed Hassan Hosny 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Recent research has shown that the blood urea/creatinine ratio (BUN/Cr) rather than BUN or Cr alone can predict the prognosis of individuals with acute heart failure (AHF). The objective of this study was to estimate the urea-to creatinine serum ratio (BUN/Cr) in patients with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) and correlate the results with patient outcome, length of hospitalization, and mortality.

Results
Sixty ADHF patients were included and categorized into four groups; Group I: non-AKI with low BUN/Cr (n = 25); Group II: non-AKI with high BUN/Cr (n = 5); Group III: AKI with low BUN/Cr (n = 14); Group IV: AKI with high BUN/Cr (n = 16). Regarding urea and BUN levels, the first reading showed a considerable rise in urea and BUN levels in groups III and IV compared to group 1 and in group IV compared to groups I and III. Similar results were recorded in the second and third readings. Regarding the BUN/Cr ratio, the three readings revealed a significant elevation in group IV compared to groups I and II and in group IV compared to group III. Mortality was significantly higher in group IV compared to group I. Additionally, MACE was significantly more frequent in group IV compared to groups I and III. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that hypertension, creatinine, and BUN were independent predictors of AKI.

Conclusions
BUN/Cr may predict prognosis in AHF patients since AHF with an elevated BUN/Cr is associated with a higher death rate.
Are public health researchers designing for dissemination? Findings from a national survey in China
Authors: Hu Yiluan , Yin Xuejun , Gong Enying , Liu Jing , Liu Xia , Shao Ruitai , Zhang Juan , Brownson Ross C 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Research findings are not always disseminated in ways preferred by audiences, and research dissemination is not always considered a priority by researchers. While designing for dissemination (D4D) provides an active process to facilitate effective dissemination, use of these practices in China is largely unknown. We aimed to describe the designing for dissemination activities and practices among public health researchers in China.

Methods
In January 2022, we conducted a cross-sectional survey in 61 sub-committees of four national academic societies which include a wide range of health disciplines. The sample mainly involved researchers at universities or research institutions, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention at national or regional levels, and hospitals. Participants completed a 42-item online questionnaire. Respondent characteristics, dissemination routes, dissemination barriers, organizational support, and personal practice of D4D were examined with descriptive analyses.

Results
Of 956 respondents, 737 were researchers. Among these researchers, 58.1% had disseminated their research findings. Although there were some variation in the commonly used routes among different groups, academic journals (82.2%) and academic conferences (73.4%) were the most frequently used routes. Barriers to dissemination to non-research audiences existed at both organizational level (e.g., a lack of financial resources, platforms, and collaboration mechanisms) and individual level (e.g., a lack of time, knowledge, and skills, and uncertainty on how to disseminate). About a quarter of respondents (26.7%) had a dedicated person or team for dissemination in their unit or organization, with university researchers reporting a significantly higher proportion than their counterparts (P < 0.05). Only 14.2% of respondents always or usually used frameworks or theories to plan dissemination activities, 26.2% planned dissemination activities early, and 27.1% always or usually involved stakeholders in the research and dissemination process. Respondents with working experience in a practice or policy setting or dissemination and implementation training experience were more likely to apply these D4D strategies (P < 0.05).

Conclusion
Considerable room exists for improvement in using impactful dissemination routes, tackling multiple barriers, providing organizational support, and applying D4D strategies among Chinese public health researchers. Our findings have implications for structural changes in academic incentive systems, collaborations and partnerships, funding priorities, and training opportunities.
Big data in relation with business intelligence capabilities and e-commerce during COVID-19 pandemic in accountant’s perspective
Authors: Huy Pham Quang , Phuc Vu Kien 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis research aims at producing a thorough and accurate analysis on how big data as a service and business intelligence capabilities provide a series of opportunities for small and medium enterprises to succeed in E-commerce. The statistical data were drawn from samples of accountants within small and medium enterprises, spanning two periods, the period of COVID-19 pandemic and the period of new normal. The structural equation modeling was applied in this study. The value of fine-grained insights in this work could guide policy-makers and practitioners to sense and seize how to implement E-commerce in an efficient and effective manner.
Emulsomes: new lipidic carriers for drug delivery with special mention to brain drug transport
Authors: Singh Shivam , Khurana Kunal , Chauhan Shikha Baghel , Singh Indu 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Emulsomes are a type of lipid-based nanoparticle that consists of a solid lipid core surrounded by a phospholipid bilayer and have shown promise as drug delivery systems for a variety of applications. The major advantageous aspect of employing lipid-based carriers is their ability to enhance the solubility and bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs, mandatorily in case of intranasal drug delivery. These structures have portrayed significant ability to encapsulate drug with poor water solubility and low oral bioavailability, further leading to a completely enhanced drug delivery systems for achieving stability and controlled release of drug. The selection of lipid components and their physiochemical properties can be tailored to optimize drug solubility, blood brain barrier permeability, and enhanced targeting.

Main body of abstract
Intranasal drug delivery systems offer several advantages over other routes of administration. Intranasal delivery of drugs can provide rapid and efficient absorption into the bloodstream, bypassing first-pass metabolism in the liver and potentially reducing the risk of systemic side effects. Nasal mucosa comprises of dense network of blood vessels, that allow much enhanced rapid drug absorption and direct systemic delivery once the medication is being insufflated through the nasal route. Emulsomes can be used to encapsulate a wide range of drugs, including hydrophobic compounds that are difficult to formulate using traditional delivery methods. By incorporating targeting ligands or other components into the emulsome structure, it is possible to create formulations that are highly selective for specific tissues or cells. The characterization parameters majorly particle size, zeta potential, and encapsulation efficiency play a significant role while demonstrating the effectiveness of emulsome formulation and further its nasal route of administration. Therefore, by assessing and evaluating the parameters, researchers could effectively gain insights into the quality, stability, and enhanced therapeutic effects of emulsome drug carrier, leading to impactful information which would help in future intranasal emulsome preparation preparations, optimization and ensuring the overall effectiveness of the drug delivery systems.

Short conclusion
This review discusses the idea of emulsomes drug delivery systems, reviews the effectiveness of emulsomes for the delivery of small molecules, and pays particular attention to its structural and formulation design including benefits of intranasal emulsome delivery with recent advancements, stability aspects, and various considerations related to drug delivery and comprising of future prospects.
E-cadherin expression pattern in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and its association with clinico-pathological predictors
Authors: Devaraja K. , Pillai Suresh , Valiathan Manna , Geetha V. , Pujary Kailesh 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
The molecular makeup of a head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) could vary as per the geography and corresponding variability in prevalent etiopathological factors. The objective of this study was to analyze the expression pattern of E-cadherin (E-cad), a transmembrane glycoprotein with tumour suppressor function, in a cohort of HNSCC treated at a tertiary care medical centre in the southern part of India.

Material and methods
After obtaining the institutional ethics committee’s permission, the expression of E-cad in HNSCC was assessed by using immunohistochemistry on retrospectively collected tumour specimens, obtained by a surgical cohort of cases operated between September 2018 and July 2019. The E-cad expression was then correlated with various clinical and pathological characteristics of HNSCC, retrieved via the medical records of corresponding patients.

Results
A total of 60 patients of HNSCC were included, most of whom had lesion in the oral cavity, in an advanced stage. The majority had a strong or moderate expression of E-cad on the surface. On analyzing further, oral cavity tumours had significantly less expression of E-cad compared to laryngeal and hypopharyngeal tumours taken together, and primary tumours had less E-cad expression than recurrent cases. Multivariate analysis with proportional odds regression showed the significant associations of low expression of E-cad expression with the moderate/poor differentiation of tumours and with the extranodal extension.

Conclusions
Among the HNSCC, the loss of E-cad expression was mostly associated with primary tumours of the oral cavity, moderate/poorly differentiated tumours, and in those HNSCCs that had an extranodal extension.
Prevalence and correlates of meeting the Canadian 24-hour movement guidelines among a sample of Canadian parents during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Rollo Scott , Sckrapnick Abigail , Campbell Julie E , Moore Sarah A , Faulkner Guy , Tremblay Mark S 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Parents’ own movement behaviours can influence those of their children, thus contributing to the health and well-being of the whole family. Parents experienced a shift in work and childcare responsibilities during the COVID-19 pandemic. This may have led to a reduction in their healthy movements. This study examined the prevalence and correlates of meeting vs. not meeting the individual and combined recommendations within the Canadian 24-hour movement guidelines for adults among a sample of Canadian parents during the second wave (October 2020) of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
Parents of children aged 5–17 years (n = 1,477) responded to a cross-sectional survey conducted in October 2020. A total of 21 self-reported correlates, including parental and child demographics, and change in family movement behaviours/characteristics were assessed. Parental movement behaviours were reported and classified as meeting or not meeting each of the guidelines. Associations between correlates and meeting each of the guidelines were examined using multiple logistic regression.

Results
The proportion of parents who met the moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), recreational screen time, sleep duration and combined guidelines were 21.2, 51.0, 66.1, and 9.1%, respectively. Being a parent ≥ 45 years old, having a university education, and higher levels of outdoor play were associated with meeting the combined guidelines. Age, dwelling type, family hobbies, and outdoor play were associated with meeting the MVPA recommendation. Employment status, education level, dog ownership, children’s age, family physical activity, and levels of distress were associated with meeting the recreational screen time recommendation. Geographical region, dwelling type, and levels of distress were associated with meeting the sleep duration recommendation.

Conclusions
Few Canadian parents were meeting the combined 24-hour movement guidelines recommendations for MVPA, recreational screen time, and sleep six months into the COVID-19 pandemic. Several socio-demographic, behavioural, and COVID-19-related factors emerged as significant correlates of meeting vs. not meeting the individual and/or combined recommendations within the guidelines. The findings provide various avenues for which to target future movement behaviour interventions and guideline adoption for parents.
Human Brain Penetration Prediction Using Scaling Approach from Animal Machine Learning Models
Authors: Liu Siyu , Kosugi Yohei 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMachine learning (ML) approaches have been applied to predicting drug pharmacokinetic properties. Previously, we predicted rat unbound brain-to-plasma ratio (Kpuu,brain) by ML models. In this study, we aimed to predict human Kpuu,brain through animal ML models. First, we re-evaluated ML models for rat Kpuu,brain prediction by using trendy open-source packages. We then developed ML models for monkey Kpuu,brain prediction. Leave-one-out cross validation was utilized to rationally build models using a relatively small dataset. After establishing the monkey and rat ML models, human Kpuu,brain prediction was achieved by implementing the animal models considering appropriate scaling methods. Mechanistic NeuroPK models for the identical monkey and human dataset were treated as the criteria for comparison. Results showed that rat Kpuu,brain predictivity was successfully replicated. The optimal ML model for monkey Kpuu,brain prediction was superior to the NeuroPK model, where accuracy within 2-fold error was 78% (R2 = 0.76). For human Kpuu,brain prediction, rat model using relative expression factor (REF), scaled transporter efflux ratios (ERs), and monkey model using in vitro ERs can provide comparable predictivity to the NeuroPK model, where accuracy within 2-fold error was 71% and 64% (R2 = 0.30 and 0.52), respectively. We demonstrated that ML models can deliver promising Kpuu,brain prediction with several advantages: (1) predict reasonable animal Kpuu,brain; (2) prospectively predict human Kpuu,brain from animal models; and (3) can skip expensive monkey studies for human prediction by using the rat model. As a result, ML models can be a powerful tool for drug Kpuu,brain prediction in the discovery stage.
Graphical abstract
Clinical and Molecular Characteristics and Long-term Follow-up of Children With Pseudohypoparathyroidism Type IA
Authors: Ludar Hanna , Levy-Shraga Yael , Admoni Osnat , Majdoub Hussein , Aronovitch Kineret Mazor , Koren Ilana , Rath Shoshana , Elias-assad Ghadir , Almashanu Shlomo , Mantovani Giovanna , Hamiel Orit Pinhas , Tenenbaum-Rakover Yardena 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Context
Pseudohypoparathyroidism type IA (PHPIA) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by hormone resistance and a typical phenotype named Albright hereditary osteodystrophy. Unawareness of this rare disease leads to delays in diagnosis.

Objective
The aims of this study were to describe the clinical and molecular characteristics of patients with genetically confirmed GNAS mutations and to evaluate their long-term outcomes.

Methods
A retrospective search for all patients diagnosed with PHPIA in 2 referral centers in Israel was conducted.

Results
Nine children (8 females) belonging to 6 families were included in the study. Five patients had GNAS missense mutations, 2 had deletions, and 2 had frameshift mutations. Four mutations were novel. Patients were referred at a mean age of 2.4 years due to congenital hypothyroidism (5 patients), short stature (2 patients), or obesity (2 patients), with a follow-up duration of up to 20 years. Early obesity was observed in the majority of patients. Elevated parathyroid hormone was documented at a mean age of 3 years; however, hypocalcemia became evident at a mean age of 5.9 years, about 3 years later. All subjects were diagnosed with mild to moderate mental retardation. Female adult height was very short (mean −2.5 SD) and 5 females had primary or secondary amenorrhea.

Conclusion
Long-term follow-up of newborns with a combination of congenital hypothyroidism, early-onset obesity, and minor dysmorphic features associated with PHPIA is warranted and molecular analysis is recommended since the complete clinical phenotype may develop a long time after initial presentation.
Navigated Radiofrequency Ablation Peripheral Rhizotomy for Lumbosacral Hypertonia in a Nonambulatory Patient With Spinal Fusion: Indications, Surgical Techniques, and Lessons Learned
Authors: LoPresti Melissa A. , Horak V. Jane , Trierweiler Robin , Stone Lauren E. , Krater Timothy , Raskin Jeffrey S. 
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a destructive therapy which causes target tissue destruction by application of a thermal dose. Neurosurgical applications of RFA are well-described for myriad chronic pain and movement disorder diagnoses. In fact, RFA pallidotomy and thalamotomy are the initial procedures from which the field of neurosurgical management for movement disorders emerged. RFA rhizotomy for post-traumatic spasms was popular in the 1970s and 1980s, although it was largely abandoned after the invention and Food and Drug Administration approval of intrathecal baclofen therapy. RFA has not been described as a primary treatment of hypertonia in nonambulatory children.

METHODS:
We report a case of computer-navigated, nonselective RFA peripheral rhizotomy for a nonambulatory child with a history of severe scoliosis and spinal fusion, where an open rhizotomy was technically impractical.

RESULTS:
Navigation to and ablation of the bilateral L1–L5 peripheral nerves with this approach was successful, and the patient experienced bilateral lower extremity tone improvement.

CONCLUSION:
We use this case to highlight considerations in indications, our applied operative technique, and lessons learned from this novel application of RFA peripheral rhizotomy in children.