bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improving neuropathic pain treatment – by rigorous stratification from bench to bedside
Authors: Soliman Nadia , Kersebaum Dilara , Lawn Timothy , Sachau Juliane , Sendel Manon , Vollert Jan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractChronic pain is a constantly recurring and persistent illness, presenting a formidable healthcare challenge for patients and physicians alike. Current first‐line analgesics offer only low‐modest efficacy when averaged across populations, further contributing to this debilitating disease burden. Moreover, many recent trials for novel analgesics have not met primary efficacy endpoints, which is particularly striking considering the pharmacological advances have provided a range of highly relevant new drug targets. Heterogeneity within chronic pain cohorts is increasingly understood to play a critical role in these failures of treatment and drug discovery, with some patients deriving substantial benefits from a given intervention while it has little‐to‐no effect on others. As such, current treatment failures may not result from a true lack of efficacy, but rather a failure to target individuals whose pain is driven by mechanisms which it therapeutically modulates. This necessitates a move towards phenotypical stratification of patients to delineate responders and non‐responders in a mechanistically driven manner. In this article, we outline a bench‐to‐bedside roadmap for this transition to mechanistically informed personalised pain medicine. We emphasise how the successful identification of novel analgesics is dependent on rigorous experimental design as well as the validity of models and translatability of outcome measures between the animal model and patients. Subsequently, we discuss general and specific aspects of human trial design to address heterogeneity in patient populations to increase the chance of identifying effective analgesics. Finally, we show how stratification approaches can be brought into clinical routine to the benefit of patients.
Facial aesthetic minimally invasive procedure: More than just vanity, a social‐psychological approach
Authors: van den Elzen Helga E. , Barends Ard J. , van Vugt Mark , Biesman Brian S. , Alfertshofer Michael , Cotofana Sebastian , Velthuis Peter J. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundDue to the great importance of the face in social interaction, minimally invasive treatments can—besides their ability to rejuvenate and enhance beauty—also change the way facial impressions of a person are perceived. In recent literature, three main character traits (attractiveness, trustworthiness, and competence) and subdomains essential for facial perception were described.ObjectiveTo investigate whether minimally invasive procedures truly influence different character traits when evaluated by independent, objective observers.MethodsPhotographs of n = 34 female faces before and after treatment with injectable fillers and botulinum toxin were rated by 393 individuals without aesthetic background with regards to different character traits on a 7‐point Likert scale. Tests for dimensionality were performed, and composite scores of the impressions underlying each of the three dimensions were created and compared using within‐subjects t tests.ResultsTreatments statistically significantly improved the overarching character trait domains attractiveness, trustworthiness, and competence in posttreatment photographs compared with pretreatment. Posttreatment ratings of the respective subdomains also showed a statistically significant difference compared with pretreatment photographs, with the exception of the subdomain dominance which failed to reach statistical significance.ConclusionImpressions of facial attractiveness, trustworthiness, and competence can be improved by injectables while the naturalness of the face is left intact. An implication is that the improvement of traits highly relevant to social interaction will accommodate the patient's desires for beautification and rejuvenation.
Prevention of skin damages related to personal protective equipment among healthcare workers: Summary of best‐evidence practiced strategies
Authors: Ying Liu , Jiali Chen , Peifang Li , Haiying Fu , Ning Ning , Hong Chen 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimTo conduct a quality evaluation of the literature for the prevention of skin damage caused by personal protective equipment among healthcare workers and to summarise the best‐evidence practice strategies to prevent it.DesignReview.MethodsTwo researchers retrieved the literature from Web of Science, Public Medicine, etc., from the establishment of the database until 24 June 2022. Appraisal of Guidelines, Research and Evaluation II was used to assess the methodological quality of the guidelines. Expert consensus was assessed by the 2016 version of the Australian Joanna Briggs Institute Evidence‐based Health Care Center corresponding evaluation standards. By tracking the original study, the quality of practice recommendations and best‐practice evidence information sheets were evaluated by the 2016 version of the Australian Joanna Briggs Institute Evidence‐based Health Care Center corresponding evaluation standards. The classification of evidence and recommendation level adopted the 2014 version of the Australian Joanna Briggs Institute evidence pre‐grading and recommending level system.ResultsA total of 5476 studies were retrieved after duplications were eliminated. After the quality evaluation, 10 qualified studies were finally included. All consisted of two guidelines, one best practice information sheet, five practice recommendations, and one expert consensus. The evaluation results of the guidelines were both B‐level recommendations. The consistency strength of expert consensus was moderate (Cohen's kappa coefficient = .571). Thirty best‐evidence practised strategies were compiled for four elements, including cleaning, moisturising, prophylactic dressings and others.ConclusionOur study evaluated the quality of the included studies and summarised the preventive measures of PPE‐related skin lesions according to the recommendation level. The main preventive measures were divided into 4 parts and 30 items. However, the associated literature was rare, and the quality was slightly low. More high‐quality research is needed to focus on healthcare workers' health and not just skin in the future.
Post‐traumatic stress symptoms six months after ICU admission with COVID‐19: Prospective observational study
Authors: Fjone Kristina Struksnes , Buanes Eirik Alnes , Småstuen Milada Cvancarova , Laake Jon Henrik , Stubberud Jan , Hofsø Kristin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAims and ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of post‐traumatic stress symptoms, and to identify possible predictive factors in Norwegian intensive care unit survivors, 6 months after admission to the intensive care unit with COVID‐19.BackgroundThe SARS CoV‐2 virus causing COVID‐19 has spread worldwide since it was declared a pandemic in March 2020. The most severely ill patients have been treated in the intensive care due to acute respiratory failure and also acute respiratory distress syndrome. It is well documented that these severe conditions can lead to complex and long‐lasting symptoms, such as psychological distress, and was, therefore, investigated for the specific COVID‐19 population.DesignProspective observational study.MethodsClinical data and patient reported outcome measures were collected by the Norwegian Intensive Care and Pandemic Registry and by the study group 6 months after admission to an intensive care unit.ResultsAmong 222 COVID‐19 patients admitted to Norwegian intensive care units between 10 March and 6 July 2020, 175 survived. The study sample consisted of 131 patients who responded to at least one patient reported outcome measure at 6 months following admission. The primary outcome was self‐reported post‐traumatic stress symptoms, using the Impact of Event Scale‐6 (n = 89). Of those, 22.5% reported post‐traumatic stress symptoms 6 months after admission. Female gender, younger age and having a high respiratory rate at admission were statistically significant predictive factors for reporting post‐traumatic stress symptoms.ConclusionsThe result is in accordance with previously published research with comparable populations, suggesting that for many COVID‐19 survivors psychological distress is a part of the post‐acute sequelae. Results from the present study should be replicated in larger datasets.Relevance to Clinical PracticeThis project provides important insight to post‐acute sequelae after COVID‐19 that patients may experience after critical illness.
SGLT2 inhibition in heart failure with reduced or preserved ejection fraction: Finding the right patients to treat
Authors: Girerd Nicolas , Zannad Faiez 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSodium–glucose transport inhibitors (SGLT2i) are effective in heart failure (HF) with ejection fraction (EF) <40% (referred to as HF with reduced EF – HFrEF) and left ventricular EF (LVEF) >40%. Current evidence suggests that SGLT2i should be initiated across a large spectrum of EFs and renal function in patients with HF and with and without diabetes. We reviewed the benefits of SGLT2i in the entire spectrum of HF and provided some clues that may guide physicians in their strategy of initiating and maintaining SGLT2i (with or without SGLT1i effect) therapy. Taken together, the evidence thus far arises from an array of trials performed in different settings (acute/chronic), risk categories, and phenotypes of HF (HFrEF/HFpEF), and in addition to the most common HF therapies, supports the homogenous effect of SGLT2i across a large spectrum of patients with HF. SGLT2i appear to be effective and well‐tolerated drugs in the majority of clinical HF scenarios, regardless of LVEF, estimated glomerular filtration rate, diabetic status or the level of the acuteness of the clinical setting. Therefore, most patients with HF should be treated with SGLT2i. However, in the face of the therapeutic inertia that has been observed in HF over the past decades, the actual implementation of SGLT2i in routine practice remains the most significant challenge.
Radiological aspects of lymphomas and leukaemias affecting the jaws: A systematic review
Authors: Gomes Nathalia Rodrigues , Lima Lucas Ambrósio , Morais‐Perdigão Ana Luísa , de Caceres Cinthia Veronica Bardalez Lopez , Sant'Ana Maria Sissa Pereira , Pontes Hélder Antônio Rebelo , Pontes Flávia Sirotheau Correa , Smit Chané , van Heerden Willie F. P. , Robinson Liam , Brasileiro Cláudia Borges , Brennan Peter A. , Fonseca Felipe Paiva 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundThis systematic review aimed to investigate the radiological features of lymphomas and leukaemias affecting the jaws.MethodsA systematic literature review was conducted using the electronic databases of PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus. Articles that contained sufficient radiographic examinations (periapical, panoramic or computed tomography images) for individual cases were included. Additionally, either immunohistochemical or molecular confirmation was required prior to inclusion. Three authors evaluated and described the image quality and radiological features.ResultsFrom an initial 1079 articles screened, 129 cases were included, containing 88 tomographic, 76 panoramic and 26 periapical examinations. The quality of the majority of images was sufficient for evaluation. Diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma, Burkitt lymphoma, leukemic infiltration, plasmablastic lymphoma and extranodal Natural killer (NK)/T‐cell lymphoma, nasal type were the most common subtypes. Involved teeth presented with mobility in 37.2% of the cases and a provisional diagnosis of inflammatory/infectious dental disease was considered in 49.2% of cases. Computed tomography exams were available for 76% of the cases, with most presented with an osteolytic lesion with ill‐defined borders. Periosteal reactions were uncommon.ConclusionLymphoma/leukaemia infiltrates of the jaw bones are usually of high‐grade subtypes and rarely present with periosteal reactions.
Toxicity with proton therapy for oral and/or oropharyngeal cancers: A scoping review
Authors: Sethi Sneha , O'Neil Mitchel , Jensen Emilija , Smart Gabrielle , Poirier Brianna 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundOral and/or oropharyngeal cancers account for approximately 2% of all malignancies, with variation across age groups, genders, and geographic locations. Treatments for oral and/or oropharyngeal cancers usually consist of a combination of surgical excision most commonly followed by radiotherapy ± chemotherapy and/or immunotherapy/biotherapy depending on the nature of the malignancy. The significant morbidity caused by high‐dose radiotherapy to the head and neck region is widely observed. Proton therapy is a promising treatment option that localises a proton beam to direct radiation at a specific target, with reduced irradiation to adjacent structures.MethodThe objective was to explore the toxicity associated with proton therapy for adults with oral and/or oropharyngeal cancer. Eligibility criteria included full‐text articles, English articles, published between up till 7 January 2023. Databases included PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and Scopus.ResultsThe systematic search identified 345 studies and a total of 18 studies were included after two independent reviewers completed title, abstract, and full‐text screening. Included studies were from four countries, and median participant age range was 53.3 to 66 years. The most commonly reported acute toxic effects included dysphagia, radiation dermatitis, oral mucositis, dysgeusia, and alopecia.ConclusionProton therapy is an evolving cancer treatment technique that has diverse advantages over conventional radiotherapy and chemotherapy. This review provides evidence that supports that proton therapy has an improved acute toxicity profile compared to radiotherapy to treat oral and/or oropharyngeal cancer individuals.
Development of the Japanese Version of the Mindful Eating Scale (MES)
Authors: Takahashi Makoto , Sekiya Daiki , Suzuki Tomohiro , Morimoto Yoshiyuki 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn recent years, mindful eating (ME) as a psychological intervention to improve eating behavior has attracted scientific attention. ME is related to mindfulness and is defined as “a non‐judgmental awareness of physical and emotional sensations while eating or in a food‐related environment.” The major purpose of this study is to develop a Japanese version of the Mindful Eating Scale (MES) or MES‐J and examine its psychometric properties. A web‐based survey company collected data from 440 adults in Japan (mean age = 42.58 years, SD = 15.54 years). Confirmatory factor analysis performed on the MES‐J showed the highest fit of a correlated model with two method factors. Cronbach's αs of the full scale and six subscales were from .67 to .88. Moreover, a subset of the participants (n = 206) completed the MES‐J 4 weeks after the initial testing. Results showed moderate test–retest reliability. Moreover, construct validity was supported as the full scale and subscales of the MES‐J (except for the Awareness subscale) showed a moderate positive correlation with mindfulness and small to moderate negative correlations with experiential avoidance, perfectionism, and negative body image. However, the Awareness subscale showed a small negative correlation with mindfulness and a small positive correlation with perfectionism. Our findings confirm that the MES‐J has sufficient reliability and validity, but further investigation is needed as our findings regarding Awareness tended to differ from those of the original study.
Generalized Trust Rather than Perception of Relational Mobility Correlates with Nominating Close Friends in a Social Network1
Authors: Horita Yutaka , Yamazaki Miku 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA social environment, such as relational mobility, which represents the availability of opportunities to develop new relationships in society, cultivates an individual's psychology and social network. Generalized trust, which represents trust among people in general, is a tendency to expand individuals' social ties in a fluid society. Using the data of 170 students, we analyzed whether an individual's belief of generalized trust and perception of relational mobility are related to the social network. We conducted a survey to assess psychological measures and social networks under the COVID‐19 pandemic for first‐year university students. The analyses revealed that generalized trust was significantly associated with the presence of outdegrees (i.e., the nomination of close friends) and the absence of indegrees (i.e., being nominated by others). In contrast, perception of relational mobility was not significantly associated with generalized trust and any social network measures. Behavioral trust, measured using a Trust Game approximately 6 months later, was not significantly associated with network characteristics. The results support the argument that the belief of generalized trust functions as a psychological mechanism to expand individuals' relationships in their social networks.
The Development of a Japanese Version of the State Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire
Authors: Kang Rae Na , Tanaka Yuki , Sato Tomoya , Maeda Shunta , Shimada Hironori 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis series of studies developed the Japanese version of the State Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire (SCFQ‐J) and examined its psychometric properties. In Study 1, 411 participants completed the questionnaire. Confirmatory factor analyses supported a one‐factor model for the SCFQ‐J. In Study 2, to examine the responsiveness of the SCFQ‐J to a brief defusion exercise, 40 Japanese participants were randomly assigned to either a cognitive defusion or control condition. The SCFQ‐J showed superior responsiveness to a brief defusion exercise than a commonly used measure (thought believability). In Study 3, to examine whether the SCFQ‐J was more sensitive to dissociated movements than the original Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire (CFQ‐J), 40 Japanese participants were randomly assigned to either an SCFQ‐J or CFQ‐J condition. The SCFQ‐J showed better sensitivity than the CFQ‐J to a brief defusion exercise, supporting its suitability for experimental studies. Our findings suggest that the SCFQ‐J is a valuable measure of state cognitive fusion in Japan.
An Exploratory Study of Cultural Differences in Behavior and Intentions in Workplace Apologies: With the Perspective of Responsibility
Authors: Isagozawa Noriko , Fuji Kei 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn recent years, globalization has increased the opportunities to work with workers of other nationalities, and it is predicted that interpersonal conflicts will arise in many aspects of the globalized workplace due to differences in values. Although appropriate apologetic behavior is necessary to solve this problem and maintain stable interpersonal relationships in the workplace, previous studies have suggested that there may be cultural differences even in apology behavior and intention. In this study, we focused on cultural differences in apology behavior and intentions in the workplace, taking into account the situational factor of responsibility as a distinctive factor in the workplace. We conducted a web‐based survey of 413 corporate employees in three countries: Japan, China, and Malaysia. The results showed that Chinese are more likely than other countries to recognize guilt but are less likely to offer a direct apology or explanation of the situation or cause. In contrast, Japanese tend to be reluctant to propose measures to prevent recurrence or to offer compensation for loss. Furthermore, while Malaysians are more likely to apologize with the intention of seeking a settlement of the situation than other countries, this tendency is more pronounced in situations where they are responsible.
Sleep regularity in healthy adolescents: Associations with sleep duration, sleep quality, and mental health
Authors: Castiglione‐Fontanellaz Chiara E. G. , Schaufler Samira , Wild Salome , Hamann Christoph , Kaess Michael , Tarokh Leila 
Published: March 2023

SummaryCurrent evidence points to the importance of sleep for adolescent physical and mental health. To date, most studies have examined the association between sleep duration/quality and health in adolescence. An emerging line of research suggests that regularity in the timing of sleep may also play an important role in well‐being. To address this aspect of sleep, the present study investigated daily variability of sleep, quantified using the sleep regularity index (SRI), in 46 adolescents (M = 12.78 ± 1.07 years) and its association with depressive symptoms/mental health. Sleep was measured during a 6 month period (M = 133.11 ± 36.42 nights) using actigraphs to quantify SRI values calculated for school days, weekends and holidays. Depressive symptoms and general psychopathology were assessed at the beginning (baseline) and end (follow‐up) of the actigraphy measurements. Sleep was most regular during school days and associated with a longer total sleep time, shorter sleep onset latency, and higher sleep efficiency. Moreover, a higher SRI on school days was associated with fewer depressive symptoms at follow‐up, whereas higher SRI on weekends was associated with less overall psychopathology at follow‐up. Furthermore, the change in overall psychopathology, but not depressive symptoms across the two assessments was correlated with sleep regularity index. Our results suggest that regular timing of sleep is associated with sleep that is of longer duration and higher quality and may be protective of adolescent mental health. Therefore, adolescents should be encouraged not only to get enough sleep, but also to retain regular sleeping patterns to promote well‐being and mental health.
Thyroidectomy in dogs with thyroid tumors: Survival analysis in 144 cases (1994‐2018)
Authors: Enache Daniela , Ferro Livia , Morello Emanuela M. , Massari Federico , Romanelli Giorgio , Nicoli Stefano , Guazzetti Stefano , Porporato Federico , Zini Eric 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundFew studies have assessed predictors of outcome in dogs with thyroid tumors undergoing thyroidectomy.ObjectiveTo estimate the survival and identify prognostic factors in dogs with thyroid tumors treated by thyroidectomy.AnimalsA total of 144 client‐owned dogs with thyroid neoplasia that underwent thyroidectomy.MethodsRetrospective study. Data for analysis included hospital attended and year of surgery, signalment, thyroxine concentration, thyroid tumor features (lobe involvement, size, invasiveness, histopathological type), thrombosis, metastasis, additional surgery and therapy, administration of adjuvant chemotherapy. The association of predictors with survival (time from surgery to death) were assessed by calculating cause‐specific hazard ratios (HRcs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Causes of death were classified as thyroid‐related or because of other cause.ResultsOverall median survival time was 802 days (CI95% = 723‐1015 days); 89 dogs (77.4%) survived >500 days. Metastases were identified at admission in 12 (8.3%) dogs and were associated with higher thyroid cancer‐related fatality (HR = 5.83, CI95% = 1.56‐21.78; P = .009). Thrombosis occurred in 40 dogs and was associated with increased risk of death because of other cause (HR = 2.73, CI95% = 1.18‐6.35; P = .019). Nonfollicular carcinoma (HR = 4.17, CI95% = 1.27‐13.69; P = .018) and administration of chemotherapy (HR = 3.45, CI95% = 1.35‐8.82; P = .01) were associated with higher risk of thyroid cancer‐related death.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceDogs with thyroid tumors undergoing thyroidectomy have a long life expectancy. Despite the rare presence of nonfollicular carcinoma and metastases, thyroidectomy should still be considered in some of these dogs.