bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Quick, Easy and Exact Prefabrication Structural Module
Authors: Mulyono M , Sampebulu V , Nasruddin  , Hartawan  
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This study focuses on buildings designed to be placed anywhere in all regions of the country. With rapid economic growth and increasingly advanced technology, supported by advanced knowledge, it is necessary to have a wide span structure for buildings made in a simple and mass nature. Recently, there have been prefabricated technologies found for houses and dwellings. Unfortunately, the application of wide-span buildings, such as mass industrial buildings, has been lacking in development. This prefabricated technology is very useful for constructing buildings that are expected to be simpler and more precise. It is believed to be very beneficial in building construction not only for economic consideration but also for energy use. Furthermore, the time obtained is faster in completing building construction by using the disassembly module [1]. Also, to be adapted to the needs following the development of the present time and answer future needs. Because it experienced proper progress on the expected findings, the structural module of each part will later determine this prefabricated system with a knockdown system. In addition, it is expected that mass production in appropriate quantities and adapted to existing growth needs can be used in all regions of the world in response to future technological developments [2]. With advances in technology, structural modules are fast, easy, and precise and can be used in all regions of the world.
Development of durable class F fly ash based geopolymer concretes
Authors: Law David , Gunasekara Chamila , Patrisia Yulin , Fernando Sarah , Wardhono Arie 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The production of Portland Cement (PC) has been shown to be responsible for 5-8% of global CO2 emissions. This has led to class F fly ash based geopolymer concrete being developed as a substiture for PC concrete for to reduce these global CO2 emissions. However, research has shown that each fly ash has unique characteristics and requires a specific mix design for each fly ash. This is can occupy a significant amount of time. Furthermore, before the mix can be adopted for commercial application it requires the long-term durability to be established. This gap is one of the primary limitations delaying the adoption of geopolymer concrete. While each fly ash is unique, they do have common characteristics which can be utilized to optimise the mix design process. Geopolymers are also known to have good durability characteristics, in particular for acid and sulphate exposure. This paper reports the mix design optimisation process for six class F fly ashes from Australia, Sri Lanka and Indonesia. The strength properties and durability performance of the optimised mixes is reported including the compressive strength development, chloride and carbonation resistance together with performance when exposed to sulphate and acidic media for the Indonesian fly ash, including to a simulated peat soil designed to replicate the conditions experienced in Indonesia.
The effect of flow rates and composition of culture medium in Chlorella Pyrenoidosa cultivation by CO2 injection method
Authors: Widayat  , Hawari M H 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Carbon dioxide emission is one of the main causes of global warming, which is caused by the evolution of the atmosphere from a mixture of gases originating from the interior of the earth. To overcome the problem of CO2 gas emissions, efforts have been made to reduce CO2 emissions by capturing CO2 with the Carbon Capture Storage (CCS) method, which aims to reduce carbon emissions released into the atmosphere. Biological CO2 capture generally uses microalgae cultivation. Previous research has used an open pond development system, with varied types of microalgae. In this study, CO2 capture was carried out using microalgae species Chlorella pyrenoidosa in a photobioreactor (PBR). This study results an optimum biomass productivity for Chlorella pyrenoidosa, the variation of NaHCO3 0 ppm is 4.090 g. l−1. d−1 on day 7, followed by variation of flow rate is is 2.844 g. l−1. d−1 on day 7. Suggestions for further research is to calculate the optimal cost incurred at the optimal CO2 concentration that can be captured by microalgae and the resulting increase in the value of the biomass microalgae that can be produced so that the use of microalgae can carried out comprehensively.
Thermochemical Characteristics of Briquettes of The Low-Rank Coal Mixed with Charcoal Sawdust of Meranti Wood
Authors: Patabang D , Sam A , Basri  
Published: May 2023

Abstract
SMW is one of the most abundant biomass wastes found in the sawmill area in the city of Palu, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. This waste has the potential as a fuel to be mixed with the LRC in order to improve the thermal and chemical quality, as well as the combustion of the LRC. This study uses an experimental method by making LRC-SMW briquettes with a percentage addition of 10%, 30%, and 50% of SMW, respectively, into the LRC, the research phase begins with a proximate analysis to obtain thermal properties, ultimate analysis to obtain chemical properties, and the experiment of burning briquettes on a briquette stove with the method of boiling water. The results of the proximate analysis presented an increase in FC and HHV by 38.15% and 14.44%, respectively, and a decrease in M content by 70.69%. implications for improving the quality of LRC combustion. The thermal efficiency of briquette combustion increases with the addition of SMW into the LRC and the optimal amount of addition of SMW into the LRC is 10%, with the efficiency is 45.23%.
Analysis of Palu City’s Readiness Level Assessment Towards Adipura (case study: Siranindi Village)
Authors: Awalia R , Achsan A C , Luthfiah  , Ananda A 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The utilisation of natural energy not only can reduce energy consumption in buildings but also can lower carbon emissions from the use of fossil fuel energy for building services. It is believed that with appropriate design and a good attitude of building users, the role of renewable energy in reducing carbon emissions will be maximised. This study proposed the implementation of Zero Energy Buildings (ZEB) concept in the initial stage of building design by considering buildings’ form and façade design in relation to daylighting, natural ventilation and thermal design of buildings, and photovoltaic placement to save energy and to produce electrical energy in the designed building. In this study, ZEB Concept is treated as a secondary consideration in producing the architectural design for Biohydrogen Research Centre. The primary design generator is based on the philosophy of chemical bonds form representing biohydrogen chemical bonds. For a successful implementation of the ZEB concept in the Biohydrogen Research Centre design, both active and passive means are utilised in the building design. For passive means, daylighting and natural ventilation strategies were applied. While for active means, photovoltaic panels were employed as the primary electrical energy generation. Energy demand scenarios were predicted and calculated by the amount of energy used for lighting, air conditioning, and other appliances in the building. The total area needed for photovoltaic installation was obtained by balancing the energy demand prediction with the expected energy generation. The resulting design showed a promising outcome where the building is expected to achieve surplus energy with a total of 845,595.5 kWh electricity per year.
Influence of The Number of Trapezoidal Labyrinth Weir Cycles on The Hydraulic Characteristics of The Weir
Authors: Rustiati N B , Ishak M G , Tanga A , Pali Z G 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The labyrinth weir that is viewed from above has a zig-zag shape. The main objective is to extend the spillway so that the water level upstream of the weir is as low as possible or to increase the discharge capacity. The shapes of labyrinth weirs based upon cycle shape are triangular, trapezoidal, and rectangular. However, besides the shape of the spillway, several parameters affect its hydraulic characteristics. Therefore, this paper intends to explore the effect of the number of cycles on the trapezoidal labyrinth weir on the hydraulic characteristics of the weir, based on an experimental study. There are two types of model tests one-cycle and two-cycle. Both of the models have a 2300 mm length of the spillway and were made of fiber cement board with a thickness of 20 mm and tested in a rectangular flume of 950 mm width, under various discharges to fulfill the goals of this study. The results of this study show that the discharge capacity through a one-cycle model (0.0064m3/s to 0.0150 m3/s) has a larger capacity than that of a two-cycle model (0.0023m3/s to 0.0095 m3/s). Analyzing can determine that the most efficient hydraulically are the less cycle number of labyrinth weir.
The Ratio of Cement and Sand from Lake Bingkuang as Aggregate to Create Foam Mortar 2,000 kPa
Authors: Basri D R , Putri E E , Adji B M , Hakam A 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Riau is known as the Province that has the largest peat soil where the construction of roads on peat soil will result in subsidence of the peat soil surface.The purpose of this study is to replace the top layer foundation for road construction with lighter and stronger materials according to the PUSJATAN 2013 standard with acompressive strength of more than 2000 kPa and volume weight less than 0.9 tons/m3by using foam mortar that consist of cement (PCC), sand, foam, and water. The test conducted include gradation analysis test and specific gravity test.Then proceed with making a mixture composition with a ratio of cement and sand 1C:0.4S, 1C:0.5S, 1C:0.6S, and 1C:0.7S in order to create a cylindrical sample with a diameter of 10 cm and a height of 20 cm. There are 3 samples in each ratio of cement and sand, so the total number of samples is 54. Then the volume weight test and compressive strength test were carried out using a CBR modified. From the test results, the sample with a cement amount of 525 kg and a ratio of 1C: 0.6S can float in water, with a density of 0.834 tons/m3 and compressive strength of 2,401.40 kPa.
Comparative Analysis on Lateral Strength of Multi-Span RC Frame with Different Types of Infill Walls
Authors: Nugroho F , Zaidir  , Tanjung J , Maidiawati  
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The seismic behaviour studies of structures with RC frame show that the wall with the infill significantly improved the structures lateral strength. However, since the numerical analysis of the structures considers the infill walls as non-structural components, the analysis rarely includes the infills. It is strongly recommended in the further research to investigate the behaviour of RC structures under seismic load for having the infill as one of the important components in their design process. This study developed two numerical models of multi-span RC frames; 1) with walls made of brick masonry, and 2) with wall made of lightweight block masonry. Furthermore, the results were compared with the analysis of lateral strength of the models. In order to verify the results, a comparison with the prior analytical study and experimental results was conducted.
Post-disaster rapid assessment of Sunda Strait tsunami on 24th–25th December 2018 in the Regencies of Serang and Pandeglang, Province of Banten, Indonesia
Authors: Tiwi D A , Sudiana N , Prihartanto  , Turyana I , Prawiradisastra F , Zahro Q , Astisiasari  
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Post-disaster rapid assessment of the Sunda Strait Tsunami was conducted on 24th–25th December 2018 in five selected sample sites. These study sites were located on the western coast of the Regencies of Serang and Pandeglang, and represented a range of damages, losses, and needs. The aims of this assessment are: (1) measuring the tsunami wave dimensions, (2) observing the landscape conditions, and (3) investigating the affected land cover. The physical damages were investigated based on the tsunami wave dimension analysis, by using a direct-field measurement, drone-based survey, and local interviews. The results show that (1) the greatest trace of tsunami dimensions in Tanjung Jaya Village, Panimbang District, Pandeglang Regency was subjected to the highest fatality, (2) the open landscape aggravated the tsunami impact, compared to the landscape with perennial trees or hilly topography, and (3) the severely destructed buildings were usually on the nearest coastline, where Sambolo residential area in Sukarame Village had the worst impact. These conditions were exacerbated by: (1) the absence of coastal retaining structures as physical defense, and (2) built-on facilities on reclaimed land that violated government regulation. Additionally, this paper proposes several recommendations to support the next phase of mitigation strategies and sustainable planning.
A Comparison of 1-D S-wave Velocity Profile Resulting from Microtremor Array Method and Lithology Profile from Borehole Data in Jakarta
Authors: Ridwan Mohamad , Soehaimi Asdani , Moechtar Rio Alcanadre Tanjung 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe subsurface investigation is very important in seismic hazard assessment for the city scale because it greatly affects the propagation of seismic waves on the surface related to the amplification phenomenon caused by the thickness and hardness of the surface sediment. Local geology and geotechnical conditions for seismic hazard analysis are represented by site class which is determined based on the value of Vs30 or NSPT30, besides that it is also necessary to know the depth of the bedrock. In general, the availability of these data in the cities in Indonesia is very limited, so it is necessary to conduct a field survey which is one of the methods using the microtremor array survey method. This paper has presented the results of subsurface investigations in Kembangan Jakarta using the microtremor array method and their comparison with borehole data that was carried out at adjacent locations. The analysis results of those methods show a positive correlation between the 1-D shear wave velocity profile and lithology where the top layer has low S-wave velocity (Vs) correlated with soft rock. The S-wave velocity increases with depth which is correlated with hard rock that is indicated by lithology as hard sandstone. The results of this study are very useful for applying the array microtremor method in other cities considering it is very simple in operation.
Placement of geotextile tubes as coastal management of way hawang seashore area at Bengkulu Province
Authors: Pattipawaej O C 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Way Hawang Beach, one of coastal tourist attraction, located in Way Hawang Village, Maje, Kaur Regency, Bengkulu Province is suffering from erosion. The regular erosion speed is approximately 2 to 3 meters/year, taking the distance from Way Hawang coastline to West Sumatra Causeway which around 250 meters. Efforts to eradicate abrasion on Way Hawang Coast are mostly carried out using coastal protective structures. One of the breakwater structures that can reduce wave energy is geotextile tubes, which is a low-threshold breakwater structure. Geotextile tubes create a synthetic barrier along shorelines and beaches to help control erosion. Geotextile tubes placement plays an important role in the overall protection system performance. The geotextile tubes are simulated in the abrasion and accretion positions on the Way Hawang coast. The simulation results indicated that the position between abrasion and accretion are the most effective position to manage and to avoid erosion in Way Hawang coast’s area at Bengkulu Province.
Liquefaction Mitigation Analysis Using Vertical Drain
Authors: Novasari H , Hakam A , Andriani  
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Liquefaction in semi-permeable soils such as fine sands occurs when the required time to transfer the pore water pressure into the form of effective stress is longer than the increased time of pore water pressure. Therefore, liquefaction mitigation needs to be done to speed up the air pressure flow time during an earthquake such as using vertical drains in this study. The data used here are adopted from previous studies that have been taken from a field test in Air Tawar, Padang. The results showed there is liquefaction potential based on soil data processing. The equivalent circle diameter value for the vertical drain is 1.2 m or a radial equivalent value of 0.6 m. Based on the analysis, the 60% pore water pressure dissipation within 20 seconds was obtained at a distance of 0.291 m in the radial direction. From the data above, it can be obtained that the vertical drain is capable of dissipating 60% of water pressure within 20 seconds to avoid liquefaction within the soil mass. Then it can be concluded that the application of vertical drain at a certain distance and depth can mitigate liquefaction in soil layers.
Effectiveness analysis of East Sunter polder system for flood control management using HEC-HMS & HEC-RAS software
Authors: Novrima A , Anggraheni E 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
DKI Jakarta is the capital city of Indonesia well known as a city with the most rapid development and growth in the country. This indicates that with the increase in the population of Jakarta, the need for a considerable change of land use cannot be denied. Environmental problems will get worse over time and have resulted in flooding in Jakarta which has been the concern of the local government every year. A polder system is stated to be effective in resolving flood problems especially in Jakarta that cannot drain water by gravity. The goal is to give out recommendation that is based on the existing inundation map of East Sunter II Petukangan polder system using HEC-RAS-Ras Mapper by adding pump system and storage area. The result will indicate the effectivity of the East Sunter II Petukangan polder system, as well as to give out recommendation effectiveness to the flood control management using HEC-RAS.
Population distribution analysis in Banda Aceh City for tsunami disaster risk reduction
Authors: Amri I , Alami R R , Serlia A 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Areas affected by the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami have recovered following a long-term reconstruction process, including Banda Aceh City, Indonesia. Using data from the Statistics Indonesia, this study aims to analyze population dynamics in Banda Aceh City, starting from 2004 (pre-tsunami), 2005 (shortly after the tsunami), as well as 2010 and 2020 (post-reconstruction phase). Population dynamics are calculated at the sub-district (kecamatan) level by observing trends and changes in size and rank based on population density and population growth rate values. Some of the tsunami-affected sub-districts have experienced population recovery to pre-disaster levels, while population growth in safe areas is relatively high in line with development directions to the east and south of the city. However, disaster risk reduction tasks will be even more challenging as the population in coastal areas is growing at an alarming rate. Therefore, the government needs to design a comprehensive policy to minimize the population’s exposure to the tsunami hazard.
Landfilling as individual adaptation for coastal flooding (Rob) countermeasures in North Central Java
Authors: Purnomo S N , Widiyanto W , Suroso  
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The northern coastline of Central Java is vulnerable to coastal floods. In recent years, the area impacted by coastal flooding on the northern shore of Central Java has grown and encroached further onto the mainland. This precipitated the “sinking” of Central Java’s northern coast. The deterioration of the north shore of Central Java has a social and economic impact on the local community. Every year floods along the northern shore of Central Java cause growing property losses, particularly for the region’s residents. This forces the local community if they wish to continue living in the area, to adapt to the severe conditions in their immediate environment. Each member of the local community undertakes the adaptation process of filling the soil to raise the elevation of their home and the infrastructure surrounding it. This study demonstrates that using landfilling to elevate the base elevation of dwellings and road infrastructure is a successful adaptation technique; nevertheless, it will incur large expenses for the people, as the landfilling process would need to be repeated frequently due to sea level rise.
A study of community slope risk and awareness in Penang, Malaysia
Authors: Ahmad F , Azmi S I , Rajan V , Hashim N , Azmi M , Putri E E 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Malaysia faces a high probability of experiencing landslide disasters, particularly during rainy weather. Copious rain would result in landslide prone areas with low slope strength; thus increasing the possibility of landslide disasters occurring and threatening the safety of surrounding communities. The locations of this study are in the state of Penang that has been listed as landslide prone areas, namely Mukim 17 at Batu Ferringhi, as well as Tanjung Bungah and Tanjung Tokong, two areas which are in Mukim 18. This research aims to map community slope risk areas and to evaluate the understanding, knowledge, and awareness of the community on slope risk and landslides. There are two methods involved, namely GIS and survey. The findings show that the estimated community slope risk mapping is 24.71% and 20.62% of inhabitants living in high risks landslide zones in Mukim 17 and 18. 62 respondents participated in the survey and the result analysis shows that more than 50% have a strong fundamental knowledge of slope risks, while less than 50% are aware of possible landslide risks, and 42.6% will always obey an evacuation order. Overall findings show that most of the community does have a general awareness of slope risks and landslides.
Strategy for improving Green Open Space (RTH) based on community participation in reduce the risk of flood disaster in Jakarta
Authors: Salsabila P , Maarif S , Sari D A P 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Natural Floods are the main form of environmental disaster worldwide in terms of frequency, and scale is associated with a tenfold increase in costs over the last half-century. Generally, chronic flood disasters occur in several cities in Southeast Asia, including Jakarta. Misuse of spatial planning is said to be the main factor causing flooding. A community-based approach in urban planning with Green Open Space (RTH) can be a solution to reducing the risk of flood disasters. Through giving directions to the community to comply with regulations in building settlements, administering Building Permits, and consulting first with the PTSP of the nearest sub-district or sub-district before buying land, it is something that the community can do so that the percentage of land use mismatches and land use conversion does not increase.