bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neighbourhood regeneration through a longitudinal lens: Exploring crisis temporalities in Bristol, UK
Authors: MacLeavy Julie 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis paper employs a longitudinal lens to examine the temporal dimensions of urban neighbourhood regeneration. Specifically, it focuses on four neighbourhoods in Bristol, UK, which were subject to the flagship New Deal for Communities programme from 2000 to 2010. By combining past research into the (then) emerging impact of the NDC with data from more recent enquiries into the daily lives and experiences of residents after the programme's end, the paper considers if and how these neighbourhoods were altered and whether the NDC programme continues to have impact beyond its funding period. The aim is not simply to evaluate the programme's success and legacy, but also to reflect on how past policies interact with present and future temporalities. As such, community perspectives of continuity and change are used as a basis for discussion of the ways in which the urban present is assembled. Within this discussion, the impact of the coronavirus emergency and austerity measures on these neighbourhoods is considered. Both crises underline that regeneration is a dynamic and vulnerable process that does not follow a predetermined or linear trajectory. For this reason, the paper emphasises the need to move beyond singular, snapshot inquiries and instead adopt a longitudinal approach that considers developments beyond the immediate and visible outcomes of urban policy.
A framework for understanding sources of bias in medication adherence research
Authors: Sinnappah Klarissa A. , Hughes Dyfrig A. , Stocker Sophie L. , Vrijens Bernard , Aronson Jeffrey K. , Wright Daniel F. B. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe sources of bias in medication adherence research have not been comprehensively explored. We aimed to identify biases expected to affect adherence research and to develop a framework for mapping these onto the phases of adherence (initiation, implementation and discontinuation). A literature search was conducted, key papers were reviewed and a Catalogue of Bias was consulted. The specific biases related to adherence measurement and metrics were mapped onto the phases of adherence using a tabular matrix. Twenty‐three biases were identified, of which 11 were specifically relevant to adherence measures and metrics. The mapping framework showed differences in the numbers and types of biases associated with each measure and metric while highlighting those common to many adherence study designs (e.g., unacceptability bias and apprehension bias). The framework will inform the design of adherence studies and the development of risk of bias tools for adherence research.
Nonlinear Multilevel Joint Model for Individual Lesion Kinetics and Survival to Characterize Intra-Individual Heterogeneity in Patients with Advanced Cancer
Authors: Kerioui Marion , Beaulieu Maxime , Desmée Solène , Bertrand Julie , Mercier François , Jin Jin Y. , Bruno René , Guedj Jérémie 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In advanced cancer patients, tumor burden is calculated using the sum of the longest diameters (SLD) of the target lesions, a measure that lumps all lesions together and ignores intra-patient heterogeneity. Here, we used a rich dataset of 342 metastatic bladder cancer patients treated with a novel immunotherapy agent to develop a Bayesian multilevel joint model that can quantify heterogeneity in lesion dynamics and measure their impact on survival. Using a nonlinear model of tumor growth inhibition, we estimated that dynamics differed greatly among lesions, and inter-lesion variability accounted for 21% and 28% of the total variance in tumor shrinkage and treatment effect duration, respectively. Next, we investigated the impact of individual lesion dynamics on survival. Lesions located in the liver and in the bladder had twice as much impact on the instantaneous risk of death compared to those located in the lung or the lymph nodes. Finally, we evaluated the utility of individual lesion follow-up for dynamic predictions. Consistent with results at the population level, the individual lesion model outperformed a model relying only on SLD, especially at early landmark times and in patients with liver or bladder target lesions. Our results show that an individual lesion model can characterize the heterogeneity in tumor dynamics and its impact on survival in advanced cancer patients.
Applications of engineered exosomes in drugging noncoding RNAs for cancer therapy
Authors: Alemi Forough , Sadeghsoltani Fatemeh , Fattah Khashayar , Hassanpour Parisa , Malakoti Faezeh , Kardeh Sina , Izadpanah Melika , de Campos Zuccari Debora Aparecida Pires , Yousefi Bahman , Majidinia Maryam 
Published: July 2023

AbstractNoncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are engaged in key cell biological and pathological events, and their expression alteration is connected to cancer progression both directly and indirectly. A huge number of studies have mentioned the significant role of ncRNAs in cancer prevention and therapy that make them an interesting subject for cancer therapy. However, there are several limitations, including delivery, uptake, and short half‐life, in the application of ncRNAs in cancer treatment. Exosomes are introduced as promising options for the delivery of ncRNAs to the target cells. In this review, we will briefly discuss the application and barriers of ncRNAs. After that we will focus on exosome‐based ncRNAs delivery and their advantages as well as the latest achievements in drugging ncRNAs with exosomes.
Landscape diversity promotes stable food‐web architectures in large rivers
Authors: Scholl Eric A. , Cross Wyatt F. , Guy Christopher S. , Dutton Adeline J. , Junker James R. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractUncovering relationships between landscape diversity and species interactions is crucial for predicting how ongoing land‐use change and homogenization will impact the stability and persistence of communities. However, such connections have rarely been quantified in nature. We coupled high‐resolution river sonar imaging with annualized energetic food webs to quantify relationships among habitat diversity, energy flux, and trophic interaction strengths in large‐river food‐web modules that support the endangered Pallid Sturgeon. Our results demonstrate a clear relationship between habitat diversity and species interaction strengths, with more diverse foraging landscapes containing higher production of prey and a greater proportion of weak and potentially stabilizing interactions. Additionally, rare patches of large and relatively stable river sediments intensified these effects and further reduced interaction strengths by increasing prey diversity. Our findings highlight the importance of landscape characteristics in promoting stabilizing food‐web architectures and provide direct relevance for future management of imperilled species in a simplified and rapidly changing world.
Synthesis, spectroscopic characterization, and antibacterial activity of chalcone (2E)‐1‐(3′‐aminophenyl)‐3‐(4‐dimethylaminophenyl)‐prop‐2‐en‐1‐one against multiresistant Staphylococcus aureus carrier of efflux pump mechanisms and β‐lactamase
Authors: da Silva Larissa , Donato Isydório Alves , Bezerra Suieny Rodrigues , dos Santos Hélcio Silva , Bandeira Paulo Nogueira , do Nascimento Maria Thalia Ramos , Guedes Jesyka Macêdo , Freitas Priscila Ramos , de Araújo Ana Carolina Justino , de Freitas Thiago Sampaio , Coutinho Henrique Douglas Melo , de Matos Yedda Maria Lobo Soares , de Oliveira Lígia Cláudia Castro , da Cunha Francisco Assis Bezerra 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe bacterium Staphylococcus aureus has stood out for presenting a high adaptability, acquiring resistance to multiple drugs. The search for natural or synthetic compounds with antibacterial properties capable of reversing the resistance of S. aureus is the main challenge to be overcome today. Natural products such as chalcones are substances present in the secondary metabolism of plants, presenting important biological activities such as antitumor, antidiabetic, and antimicrobial activity.ObjectivesIn this context, the aim of this work was to synthesize the chalcone (2E)‐1‐(3'‐aminophenyl)‐3‐(4‐dimethylaminophenyl)‐prop‐2‐en‐1‐one with nomenclature CMADMA, confirm its structure by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and evaluate its antibacterial properties.MethodsThe synthesis methodology used was that of Claisen‐Schmidt, and spectroscopic characterization was performed by NMR. For microbiological assays, the broth microdilution methodology was adopted in order to analyze the antibacterial potential of chalcones and to analyze their ability to act as a possible inhibitor of β‐lactamase and efflux pump resistance mechanisms, present in S. aureus strain K4100.ResultsThe results obtained show that CMADMA does not show direct antibacterial activity, expressing a MIC of ≥1024 μg/mL, or on the enzymatic mechanism of β‐lactamase; however, when associated with ethidium bromide in efflux pump inhibition assays, CMADMA showed promising activity by reducing the MIC of the bromide from 64 to 32 μg/mL.ConclusionWe conclude that the chalcone synthesized in this study is a promising substance to combat bacterial resistance, possibly acting in the inhibition of the QacC efflux pump present in S. aureus strain K4100, as evidenced by the reduction in the MIC of ethidium bromide.
Leadership and innovation by professionals: The changing face of public workplace conflict resolution in Ireland
Authors: Roche William K. , Teague Paul , Currie Denise 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSince the early 1990s public dispute resolution in Ireland has undergone significant reform. The paper examines external and internal pressures for the reform of conflict resolution in Ireland and reveals the key roles played by senior public servants and conflict management professionals in a system where politics and political divisions had little effect on the reform process.
Establishment and characterization of a liver cell line from silver pomfret (Pampus argenteus) for studying fish health
Authors: Jiang Huan , Zhang Youyi , Wang Xiangbing , Wang Guanlin , Zhu Jiajie , Sun Jiachu , Zhang Man , Li Yaya , Xu Shanliang , Hu Jiabao , Wang Yajun 
Published: July 2023

AbstractFish cell lines have become a useful tool to study in resource conservation, genetic breeding, diseases control, and environmental pollutants detection. The silver pomfret (Pampus argenteus) is a high‐valued marine fish species in aquaculture, which is seriously threatened by various fish diseases. In this study, a new cell line derived from P. argenteus liver (PaL) was established and characterized. PaL cells mainly consisted of fibroblast‐like morphology and multiplied well in Leibovitz's L‐15 medium supplemented with 15% foetal bovine serum and 3 ng/mL basic fibroblast growth factor at 22°C. Amplification of the Cyt b gene confirmed that the origin of PaL cells as P. argenteus. Chromosome analysis revealed that PaL cells had a diploid Karyotyp. The PaL cells were efficiently transfected with pEGFP‐N3 plasmids, indicating its potential application in foreign gene manipulation studies. The PaL cells were found to be susceptible to red sea bream iridovirus (RSIV) and the expression of immune‐related gene (TLR5) and apoptosis‐related genes (Bax, Cyt c3, CASP9) were upregulated. Furthermore, lipopolysaccharide and palmitic acid (PA) treatments decreased cell viability and up‐regulated the expression of inflammation related genes (IL‐8, IL‐1β). Meanwhile, PA incubation induced cell apoptosis by Bcl‐2‐regulated caspase activation. In conclusion, the newly established PaL cell line will be an appropriate in vitro tool for viral propagation and immune response.
Prevalence of Abortions Prior to and During the COVID‐19 Pandemic in a Large Health Care System
Authors: Greiner Karen S. , Merchant Maqdooda , Sackeim Maryl G. 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic presented patients with numerous barriers to accessing health care, including access to reproductive health services. The goal of this study was to assess the prevalence of abortion prior to versus during the COVID‐19 pandemic within a large health care system to better understand if patients were able to access abortion care.MethodsThis was a retrospective, data‐only cohort study examining the prevalence of abortion among patients aged 15 to 44 within Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC) in the first 6 months of the COVID‐19 stay‐at‐home order (April 1 to September 30, 2020) compared with a 6‐month period in the year prior to the COVID‐19 pandemic (April 1 to September 30, 2019). Analyses were conducted using χ2 and t tests, with a P value < .05 considered statistically significant.ResultsThe prevalence of abortion among patients at risk of pregnancy in 2019 and 2020 was identical, at 0.04% (P = .93). Baseline characteristics were similar between the 2 periods. The prevalence of smoking among patients who had an abortion in 2019 was 11.24%, compared with 9.04% in 2020 (P = .0009). Additionally, 85.80% of patients had KPNC insurance 6 months after the abortion in 2019, compared with 89.53% in 2020 (P < .0001).DiscussionThe prevalence of abortion remained similar prior to and during the first 6 months of the COVID‐19 pandemic within KPNC. Patients seeking abortion were less likely to smoke and were more likely to have consistent insurance 6 months after their abortion in 2020 versus 2019, potentially suggesting the COVID‐19 pandemic resulted in healthier behaviors and more consistent access to health care. Despite stay‐at‐home orders and canceling of in‐person clinic visits, abortion services remained accessible to a diverse population within a large health care system.
A review of exosomes and their application in cutaneous medical aesthetics
Authors: Olumesi Kehinde Raji , Goldberg David J. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundExosomes have gained recent popularity in aesthetic medicine; however, there is still a dearth of understanding on the etiology of exosomes, their physiologic function, and regenerative capabilities.ObjectiveThe purpose of this article is to summarize some of the physiologic functions of exosomes, their mechanistic role, and current commercial landscape in regenerative aesthetics.MethodsA Medline search was conducted with the keywords, exosomes, extracellular vesicles, stem cells, skin rejuvenation, and cutaneous aesthetics. MeSH term “exosomes” filtered by relevant subheadings was also utilized. Pertinent original articles encompassing animal studies, cell studies, and human studies were included. We restricted to articles published in the last 10 years.ResultsPre‐clinical studies have demonstrated the therapeutic capabilities of exosomes in wound healing, scar modulation, alopecia, and skin rejuvenation. Exosomes primarily exert their effects in a paracrine function and modulate the interactions between keratinocytes and other cells of the skin. Exogenous exosomes can be utilized in a variety of settings to bring about desired aesthetic outcomes and to date, has only been approved for topical administration.ConclusionThe safety, efficacy, potency, and dosages of exosomes remains to be determined via robust human clinical trials. Isolation and purification techniques have yet to be standardized, and this would be required for regulatory approval of all delivery modes. Overall, exosomes deliver yet another therapeutic option in regenerative aesthetics.
The Japanese textile sector and the influenza pandemic of 1918–1920
Authors: Noy Ilan , Okubo Toshihiro , Strobl Eric 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe ongoing global pandemic has brought into sharp relief the possible interactions between the epidemiology of a virus, the structure of the economy and society that becomes exposed to it, and the actions chosen by government, individuals, and communities to combat it or ameliorate its economic impact. Surprisingly, there has not been sufficient research on these economic and policy interactions of the 1918–1920 influenza pandemic—the deadliest pandemic of the 20th century. This paper focuses on Japan, which as a minor participant of and was not directly affected by World War I. We exploit the diversity of experiences with the pandemic and its attendant policy responses across Japanese prefectures; and investigate the importance of the pandemic's toll (measured by excess mortality), and of nonpharmaceutical policy interventions (NPIs), in determining the pandemic's economic impact. We do so by focusing on the production and employment in the textile sector, given the availability of data and the general importance of the textile sector for emerging economies (as Japan was at the time). We find a significant adverse impact of the pandemic on textiles (almost 30% for an average prefectural excess mortality shock) and indeed find that the implemented NPIs were effective in ameliorating around one half of the pandemic's adverse economic consequences, especially for textile output (rather than employment). Furthermore, these NPIs were more effective when the excess mortality was higher. In this case, there was no trade‐off between money and life, but rather the two were complimentary.
Rural‐urban differences in health care unaffordability
Authors: MacDougall Hannah , Mork Daniel , Hanson Stephanie , Smith Carrie Henning 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPurposeTo compare health care unaffordability in rural versus urban contexts while also examining the impact of sociodemographic/socioeconomic variables on this relationship.MethodsWe examined survey responses from the 2019‐2021 National Health Interview Survey (n = 90,761). We conducted chi‐squared tests comparing urban and rural subsamples and multivariable logistic regression analyses examining the associations between rurality and 3 measures of health care unaffordability while also including interactions between rurality and individual characteristics of respondents.FindingsIn bivariate analyses, compared to their urban counterparts, rural residents were more likely to report problems paying medical bills (15.0% vs 11.5%, P <.001) and being unable to pay medical bills (9.3% vs 7.1%, P < .001). In fully adjusted multivariable regression analyses, rural residents were significantly less likely than their urban counterparts to report being worried about paying medical bills (AOR: .915, CI: .871‐.961, P < .001). We found significant interactions between rural residency and insurance type, age, income to poverty ratio, and race/ethnicity for the outcome of problems paying medical bills; and significant interactions between rural residency and income to poverty ratio and race and ethnicity for the outcome of being unable to pay medical bills.ConclusionRural residents report higher rates of 2 measures of health care unaffordability as compared to their urban counterparts. In multivariable logistic models, rural residency is not associated with higher rates of health care unaffordability; however, significant interactions exist between rural residency and individual variables demonstrating the heterogenous experiences of health care unaffordability based on these intersectional identities.
Yolk resorption and larval development in the brackish river prawn Macrobrachium macrobrachion under laboratory conditions: Perspectives for aquaculture
Authors: Koussovi Guillaume , Houssou Arsène Mathieu , Daves Dimas Armando Orés , Niass Farokh , Bonou Clément Agossou , López Greco Laura , Montchowui Elie 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMacrobrachium macrobrachion is an African native brackish river prawn with a high commercial value. Currently, there is little information on the post‐larval production of this species. Two experiments were conducted in the laboratory to develop production techniques for this species. The first experiment analyzed the duration of yolk resorption and the second described the larval stages. Yolk resorption was studied in 240 newly hatched larvae for 24 h based on the reduction in yolk area over time. For larval development stages, six breeding tanks containing 100 L with a density of 50 larvae/L were used. Larvae were fed a combination of Artemia nauplii, Brachionusplicatilis, and pelleted food (Larviva ProStart, Biomar Efico). The results have shown that the area of yolk reserves varied significantly in the hours after hatching. At 14 h after hatching, each larva resorbed approximately 85% of its yolk reserve, and at 18 h after hatching, each of them still had approximately 6.1%. Twelve larval stages were identified and described in three critical stages. M. macrobrachion larvae are lecithotrophic and need to start exogenous feeding at 14 h at the earliest and 18 h at the latest after hatching. These results are the first to highlight the potential for mass production of brackish river prawns.
Factors associated with COVID‐19 vaccination hesitancy in South Korea: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Chung Sophia Jihey , Han Kihye , Kim Chaehee , Kim Jieun 
Published: July 2023

AbstractVaccination against COVID‐19 has been promoted as a way to protect oneself and others from infection. To ensure the comprehensive acceptance of COVID‐19 vaccines, the factors that affect COVID‐19 vaccination hesitancy should be examined. This study aimed to identify the factors that affect COVID‐19 vaccination hesitancy among Korean adults, focusing on COVID‐19 knowledge and attitudes toward vaccination. This was a cross‐sectional study conducted with 2286 Korean adults aged 20–64 years. Demographic characteristics, knowledge regarding COVID‐19, and attitudes toward vaccination were assessed. A generalized linear model with Poisson regression was used to identify factors associated with COVID‐19 vaccination hesitancy. Approximately 67% of the COVID‐19 knowledge‐related questions were correctly answered. A neutral attitude toward vaccination and relatively low vaccination hesitancy were found. COVID‐19 vaccination hesitancy was affected by individuals' attitudes toward vaccination, as well as their gender and age, but not by their knowledge. Interventions or policies considering gender and age could be helpful in reducing COVID‐19 vaccination hesitancy. Strategies to disseminate more accurate and novel information related to the COVID‐19 vaccines should be implemented.
Recent progress in regenerative therapy for damaged salivary glands: From bench to bedside
Authors: I Takashi , Kanai Riho , Hasegawa Kayo , Ogaeri Takunori , Tran Simon D. , Sumita Yoshinori 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveFor functional restoration of salivary glands (SGs) injured by radiation therapy or Sjögren's syndrome (SS), various experimental approaches, such as gene therapy, tissue engineering, and cell‐based therapy, have been proposed. This narrative review summarized recent progresses in research using cell‐based therapies, including promising trials that could lead to bench‐to‐clinic applications.MethodsA literature review based on PubMed publications in the last two decades was performed to summarize progresses in cell‐based therapies for SG dysfunction.ResultsOver 100 experimental studies have shown the therapeutic potential of several types of cells, such as SG stem cells and mesenchymal stem cells, as well as effectively conditioned mononuclear cells, in both radiation injury and SS animal models. These therapies affect to slow fibrosis progression and stimulate tissue regeneration in atrophic glands. However, to date, only a total of seven studies have been developed to the stage of clinical study, showing the safety and preliminary efficacy.ConclusionTo lead the radical effectiveness expected in cell‐based therapy, advances in reverse translational research and in innovative experimental research, based on the findings of recent clinical studies, will be critical in the next decade.