bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determination of the Total Alkaloid Content of Thermopsis Dry Extract by HPTLC-Densitometry
Authors: Morgunov I. M. , Antonova N. P. , Shefer E. P. , Prokhvatilova S. S. , Golomazova Т. А. 
Published: April 2023

When used to quantify alkaloids in thermopsis dry extract, acidimetric titration has several limitations, including insufficient specificity of the method and arbitrary selection of a titration endpoint. Different parts of the Thermopsis lanceolata plant produce alkaloids in different proportions: the herb is rich in thermopsine, whereas the seeds are rich in cytisine. Since thermopsine and cytisine have different pharmacological effects, it is important to identify and quantify individual alkaloids in thermopsis dry extract.The aim of the study was to develop and validate an analytical procedure for identifying and quantifying total alkaloids in thermopsis dry extract by high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) with densitometric detection.Materials and methods. The study included samples from two pilot-scale batches of thermopsis dry extract and reference standards for cytisine and thermopsine. The authors used Merck HPTLС Silica Gel 60 F254 20×10 cm plates for chromato-graphic separation and analysed the results with a CAMAG® TLC Scanner 4 densitometer and the winCATS software.Results. The authors identified thermopsis dry extract using HPTLC separation followed by spectrodensitometry. The alkaloid-specific solution applied to chromatography plates helped to identify the three most abundant and four minor alkaloids of thermopsis. The most abundant alkaloids were thermopsine, cytisine, and an unidentified alkaloid with a retention factor of approximately 0.2. These three alkaloids accounted for almost 80% of the total alkaloid content of the dry extract. The authors quantified cytisine, thermopsine, and total alkaloids expressed as thermopsine.Conclusions. The authors developed and validated an analytical procedure for identifying and quantifying total alkaloids in thermopsis dry extract. This procedure offers the possibility of reducing the analysis time from 4–5 hours to 2–2.5 hours.
Chinese Families and Their Encounter with the Secular: An Ethnographic Study of Chinese Parents and Their Children in Edinburgh
Authors: Chadwin Joseph 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The Chinese, both in China and in an international migration setting, are commonly regarded as the world’s most secular population. However, the relationship between Chinese people and Chinese Popular Religion is nuanced and survey data, more often than not, do not account for the plethora of religious activities Chinese people engage in despite simultaneously self-identifying as secular. This paper examines the supposed secularity of Chinese immigrant families living in Edinburgh. It asserts that although self-identifying as secular, these families engage in undeniable religious activity and possess religious beliefs. Crucially, there is a marked difference between the beliefs pertaining to secularity of the parents and their children, with the former being adamant in their secularity and the latter being more willing to acknowledge the complicated relationship between religion and the secular.
El dilema de Chile: confianza en la policía y desconfianza ciudadana
Authors: Dammert Lucía 
Published: April 2023

En Latinoamérica, en un contexto de crisis de confianza ciudadana, la cual asoma en dos vertientes principales: una crisis de la confianza interpersonal, que amenaza las posibilidades de consolidar una sociedad integrada; y una crisis de la confianza institucional, que puede amenazar las bases del Estado democrático de Derecho, el presente artículo aborda las especificidades del caso chileno, un país que convive con bajos niveles de confianza ciudadana y altos niveles de confianza en la policía. Por medio de entrevistas y grupos focales, el estudio pretende analizar la visión de la población chilena sobre el trabajo policial, con el fin de indicar los determinantes que sostienen la confianza de la población en la institución policial.
Conselhos de segurança pública no Brasil. Notas provisórias de um campo a ser explorado
Authors: Sento-Sé João Trajano , Rodrigues André , Lázaro Márcio 
Published: April 2023

O artigo trata dos perfis e configurações dos conselhos de segurança pública em funcionamento hoje no Brasil. A partir da análise dos resultados obtidos pela aplicação de um questionário, buscou-se estimar alguns aspectos do funcionamento desses conselhos dando ênfase a: graus de institucionalização; padrões de interação com o poder público; níveis de autonomia dos conselhos em relação às instituições do sistema de justiça criminal e articulação com atores da sociedade civil organizada. Os resultados apontam para um cenário em que, a despeito da consagração retórica da centralidade dos conselhos para o aprimoramento das políticas de segurança pública, essas instâncias encontram-se, em geral, em situação de institucionalidade precária e baixa autonomia em relação às instâncias do poder público, notadamente no que diz respeito às instituições do sistema de justiça criminal. Ainda assim, conclui o artigo, representam um canal dotado de potencialidades a serem exploradasfuturamente.
Criação da base de indicadores de investigação de homicídios no Brasil
Authors: Costa Arthur Trindade Maranhão 
Published: April 2023

O esclarecimento dos crimes de homicídios é uma das principais preocupações das polícias. Entretanto, definir o que é um homicídio esclarecido é uma tarefa difícil, pois as organizações policiais podem utilizar diferentes critérios para estabelecer se um crime foi esclarecido ou não. Esta nota técnica fornece subsídios para a criação de uma Base de Indicadores de Investigação de Homicídios, composta por indicadores de desempenho, indicadores de esforço e indicadores de acompanhamento. Aponta-se, para cada um dos indicadores propostos, sua descrição, fórmula, fonte e periodicidade.
Modelos de estruturação das atividades de polícia técnica e de perícia no Brasil
Authors: Kahn Túlio 
Published: April 2023

Uma perícia eficiente é condição necessária para a diminuição sistemática da criminalidade no país, seja por meio da diminuição da impunidade, seja mediante subsídios criminológicos para traçar políticas adequadas de segurança. Com base nesse pressuposto, a nota técnica propõe um modelo ideal de perícia e, a partir de material coletado pela Senasp junto às Unidades Federativas, apresenta um diagnóstico sobre a situação da perícia forense no país e faz sugestões para aperfeiçoar as políticas federais para a área.
МОДЕЛЮВАННЯ ПРОЦЕСУ ПІДТРИМКИ ПРИЙНЯТТЯ РІШЕНЬ ЩОДО МОЖЛИВОСТІ ДОНОРСТВА І ТРАНСПЛАНТАЦІЇ
Authors: ГНАТЧУК Єлизавета 
Published: April 2023

У наш час трансплантація органів/тканин людини іноді є єдиним засобом порятунку життя і відновлення здоров’я. Трансплантацію використовують, коли медикаментозні або хірургічні методи лікування неможливі, однак пацієнт має потенціал до подальшої здорової активності. Розроблення технології підтримки прийняття рішень щодо можливості донорства і трансплантації з врахуванням цивільного права є наразі актуальною задачею. Перш ніж перейти до проектування та реалізації такої технології, слід виконати аналіз предметної галузі цивільного права, а також розробити теоретичне підгрунтя – провести моделювання процесу підтримки прийняття рішень щодо можливості донорства і трансплантації, що і є метою даного дослідження.
Трансплантація та донорство є нерозривно взаємопов’язаними процесами, оскільки, щоб відбулась трансплантація, наявність донора є необхідною. В операціях з трансплантації завжди беруть участь дві особи – донор та реципієнт. Тому під час моделювання процесу підтримки прийняття рішень щодо можливості донорства і трансплантації з врахуванням цивільного права виокремимо 2 частини – моделювання процесу підтримки прийняття рішень щодо можливості донорства з врахуванням норм цивільного права та моделювання процесу підтримки прийняття рішень щодо можливості трансплантації з врахуванням норм цивільного права.
В статті проведено моделювання процесу підтримки прийняття рішень щодо можливості донорства і трансплантації, яке є теоретичним підґрунтям для розроблення правил, методів та технології підтримки прийняття рішень щодо можливості донорства і трансплантації з врахуванням цивільного права.
Наразі запропоновані моделі дозволяють визначати можливість/неможливість донорства і трансплантації тільки на основі діючого цивільного законодавства України, проте вони можуть бути адаптовані до законодавства будь-якої країни.
СХЕМОТЕХНІЧНІ АСПЕКТИ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ УМОВ СИНХРОНІЗАЦІЇ В СИСТЕМАХ ЗВ’ЯЗКУ З OFDM
Authors: БОЙКО Юлій , ПЯТІН Ілля 
Published: April 2023

В запропонованій роботі розглянуто схемотехнічні аспекти забезпечення умов синхронізації в системах зв’язку з OFDM. Наведено дослідження оцінок міжканальних та міжсимвольних завад в системах синхронізації. Описано та алгоритмізовано можливі сценарії оцінки завад в каналах з OFDM за навчальними послідовностями та пілот-сигналами. Наведено експериментальні результати оцінки спотворення OFDM-сигналів в умовах міжканальних завад на основі сигналів типу 16QAM. Здійснено порівняльний аналіз середньоквадратичної оцінки міжканальних завад для трьох методів синхронізації які досліджувались у статті. Розглянуто конструкції OFDМ-сигналів з пілот-сигналами. Досліджено концепції схемотехнічної реалізації систем тактової синхронізації в каналі зв’язку з OFDM. Проілюстровано процес спрацювання системи синхронізації з метою компенсації спотворень на основі сформованої сітки ресурсів в каналі зв’язку з OFDM.
PELATIHAN DESAIN GRAFIS BAGI MITRA KOPERASI MAHASISWA
Authors: Ramadhani Dini , Kenedi Ary Kiswanto , Synthia Rita , Prasetya Cyndi 
Published: April 2023

Kegiatan dilatarbelakangi karena diperlukannya kemampuan desain grafis untuk melakukan proses promosi produk. Hal ini menjadi peluang bagi UMKM yang tergabung dalam koperasi mahasiswa Universitas Samudra untuk menjadikan permasalahan ini sebagai peluang bisinis. Berdasarkan analisis SWOT ditemukan permasalahan terhadap kemampuan desain grafis mitra Koperasi Mahasiswa Universitas Samudra yang rendah. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan maka pengabdi bersama mitra sepakat untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan tersebut dengan mengadakan pelatihan desain grafis dan promosi bisnis. Tujuan kegiatan ini adalah untuk meningkatkan kemampuan mitra koperasi mahasiswa dalam desain grafis dan promosi bisnis. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan ini meliputi pemberian materi, demonstrasi, dan praktek desain grafis dan pelatihan promosi bisnis. Hasil yang telah dicapai pada kegiatan ini adalah meningkatnya pengetahuan tentang dasar-dasar desain grafis. Mitra juga memiliki keterampilan mendesain bahan promosi bisnis menggunakan berbagai aplikasi terutama coreldraw dan adobe photoshop. Selain itu mitra juga memiliki pengetahuan tentang promosi bisnis deain grafis dengan berbagai cara seperti promosi klasik dan value added iklan.
TENDÊNCIA TEMPORAL E DIFERENÇAS REGIONAIS NA MORTALIDADE MATERNA NO ESTADO DO PIAUÍ, 2006-2021
Authors: Ramos Carmen Viana , Fronteira Inês , Silva Zenira Martins , Holanda Ana Maria Coelho , Paz Suzana Maria Rebêlo Sampaio da , Gomes Pereira Theonas , Lopes Moreira de Almeida Isabel Marlúcia 
Published: April 2023

Este estudo tem por objetivo analisar a tendência temporal da mortalidade materna e descrever as características sociodemográficas e causas de morte nas macrorregiões do Piauí. Tratou-se de um estudo ecológico de série temporal, com dados do Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade, de 2006 a 2021, analisados utilizando regressão de Prais-Winsten. As razões de mortalidade materna foram calculadas para o estado, macrorregiões por quadriênios. Identificaram-se 666 óbitos maternos e 781.074 nascidos vivos. Os óbitos ocorreram em negras (81,1%), com 20 a 39 anos (78,5%), com companheiro (45,4%), menos de 8 anos de estudo (43,7 %), ocupação remunerada (39,5%), tendo como causas: síndromes hipertensivas (26,2%), hemorragias (10,9%), infecções (10,8%), aborto (4,2%), COVID-19 (3,8%). A razão de mortalidade materna do estado, no período, foi de 85,3 por 100.000 nascidos vivos com tendência estacionária (variação percentual anual (VPA): 0,03; IC 95%: -2,1; 2,2). Apresentaram tendência ascendente as macrorregiões do Semiárido (VPA: 31,6; IC 95%: 9,7; 57,8) no período de 2006 a 2009, Meio Norte (VPA: 9,8; IC 95%: 1,2; 19,5) e Cerrados (VPA: 25,9; IC 95%: 1,6; 56,0), entre 2018 a 2021. Concluímos, pois, que as mortes ocorreram principalmente em negras, com menos escolaridade, de causas evitáveis. A razão de mortalidade materna no estado foi alta com tendência estacionária.

PALABRAS-CHAVE: Mortalidade Materna. Causas de morte. Sistemas de Informação em Saúde. Saúde da mulher. COVID 19. Epidemiologia
COMPLETUDE DOS REGISTROS DE ÓBITOS POR COVID-19 NO RECIFE, PERNAMBUCO, 2020-2021
Authors: Henrique de Oliveira Vila Nova Alan , Salles Ferraz Sarita , Priscila de Santana Cabral Silva Amanda , Carla de Luna Ribeiro Adriana , Maria de Oliveira Conceição , Vieira do Bonfim Cristine 
Published: April 2023

O objetivo desse estudo foi descrever a incompletude dos registros de óbitos por covid-19 no Recife, Pernambuco, 2020 e 2021.Trata-se de um estudo descritivo e exploratório, sobre a incompletude dos óbitos por covid-19 registrados no Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade (SIM). A incompletude das variáveis sexo, faixa etária, raça/cor da pele, escolaridade, situação conjugal e local do óbito foi descrita a partir das frequências absoluta e relativa e dos escores excelente (<5%); bom (5 a 9,9%); regular (10 a 19,9%); ruim (20 a 49,9%) e muito ruim (≥50%). Foram registrados 32.104 óbitos no SIM, sendo 7.194 (22,4%) causados por doenças infecciosas e parasitárias e dentre os pertencentes a esse capítulo CID-10, 5.983 (83,2%) foram por covid-19. Todas as variáveis foram classificadas como excelente, exceto a escolaridade, que passou de regular (13,8%) em 2020 para bom (7,1%) em 2021 com variação de 47,2%. A situação conjugal obteve melhora na incompletude, passando de bom (5,0%) para excelente (1,0%), com taxa de variação de 80,5%. As variáveis sexo, faixa etária e local do óbito apresentaram 100% de preenchimento. A maioria das variáveis apresentou completude excelente, o que evidencia a qualidade dos registros de morte por covid-19, bem como a sua manutenção no contexto de dificuldades vivenciadas na pandemia.
PALABRAS-CHAVE: Covid-19. Estatísticas Vitais. Sistemas de Informação em Saúde. Vigilância Epidemiológica.
Inventarios de patrimonio cultural abiertos a la participación de la ciudadanía
Authors: Besó Ros Adrià 
Published: April 2023

Los primeros inventarios de patrimonio fueron realizados por personas pertenecientes a las elites que tenían acceso a la cultura. El acceso generalizado a la educación ha posibilitado que en la actualidad el patrimonio cultural pueda ser reconocido y estimado por gran parte de la ciudadanía. Las TIC han proporcionado los medios necesarios para favorecer una amplia difusión de los registros de bienes culturales y también para poder recibir colaboraciones externas. Actualmente muchas comunidades autónomas han publicado sus inventarios en red, pero no se permite que personas ajenas a la misma puedan proponer nuevos registros o actualizar la información de los ya existentes. Este proceso participativo podría contribuir a un conocimiento más completo, detallado y atualizado del patrimonio desde un planteamiento más cercano a la ciudadanía.
Expanding the pH range of glutamate decarboxylase from L. pltarum LC84 by site-directed mutagenesis
Authors: Yang Lijuan , Zhang Xian , Chen Jing , Zhang Yao , Feng Zhiping 
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Glutamate decarboxylase is a class Ⅱ amino acid decarboxylase dependent onpyridoxal-5′-phosphate (PLP), which catalyzes the decarboxylation of substrateL-glutamate (L-Glu) to synthesize γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). The low activity ofglutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) and its ability to catalyze only under acidicconditions limit its application in biosynthesis of GABA.Methods: Taking glutamic acid decarboxylase from Lactobacillus plantarum, which produces GABA, as the research object, the mutation site was determined by amino acid sequence analysis of GAD, the mutation was introduced by primers, and the mutant was constructed by whole plasmid PCR and expressed in Escherichia coli. Then, the enzymatic properties of the mutant were analyzed. Finally, the three-dimensional structure of the mutant was simulated to support the experimental results.Results and Discussion: In this case, mutants E313S and Q347H of glutamate decarboxylase from L. pltarum LC84 (LpGAD) were constructed by targeted mutagenesis. Compared with the wild-type, their enzyme activity increased by 62.4% and 12.0% at the optimum pH 4.8, respectively. In the range of pH 4.0–7.0, their enzyme activity was higher than that of the wild-type, and enzyme activity of mutant E313S was 5 times that of the wild-type at pH 6.2. Visualization software PyMOL analyzed the 3D structure of the mutant predicted by homologous modeling, and the results showed that mutant E313S may broadened the reaction pH of LpGAD through the influence of surface charge, while mutant Q347H may broadened the reaction pH of LpGAD through the stacking effect of aromatic rings. In a word, mutants E313S and Q347H were improved the enzyme activity and were broadened the reaction pH of the enzyme, which made it possible for it to be applied in food industry and laid the foundation for the industrial production of GABA.
KLF2 is a clinical diagnostic and treatment biomarker of breast cancer
Authors: Li Ya-Zhao , Xie Juan , Wang Rui-Qi , Gao Xiao-Qian , Liu Pei-Jun , Liu Jie 
Published: April 2023

Background: As a highly prevalent malignancy among women worldwide, breast cancer, remains a critical public health issue necessitating the development of novel therapeutics and biomarkers. Kruppel Like Factor 2 (KLF2), a member of the Kruppel family of transcription factors, has been implicated in various types of cancer due to its diminished expression; however, the potential implications of KLF2 expression in relation to breast cancer progression, prognosis, and therapy remain unclear.Methods: The present study employed the Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER) and The Human Protein Atlas databases to investigate the expression pattern of KLF2 in pan-cancer. The relationship between KLF2 expression and clinical features or immune infiltration of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) breast cancer samples was evaluated using Breast Cancer Integrative Platform (BCIP) and TIMER. The expression levels of KLF2 in breast cancer were validated via immunohistochemical staining analysis. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) to study the KLF2-related gene ontology. STRING database was employed to construct a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of KLF2 in relation to vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) and hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α). The expression of KLF2 following diverse breast cancer therapies was analyzed in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. The expression of KLF2 following treatment with simvastatin was validated via immunofluorescence and western blotting.Results: Our study reveals that KLF2 displays significantly reduced expression in cancerous tissues compared to non-cancerous controls. Patients with low KLF2 expression levels exhibited poor prognosis across multiple cancer types. KLF2 expression levels were found to be reduced in advanced cancer stages and grades, while positively correlated with the expression of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and tumor size in breast cancer. KLF2 expression is associated with diverse immune infiltration cells, and may impact the breast tumor immune microenvironment by regulating dendritic cell activation. Additionally, we observed a negative correlation between KLF2 expression levels and angiogenesis, as well as the expression of VEGFA and HIF1α. Notably, the anticancer drug simvastatin could induce KLF2 expression in both breast cancer.Conclusion: Based on our observations, KLF2 has potential as a diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic biomarker for breast cancer.
Analysis of Th and U breeding in a heat pipe cooled traveling wave reactor
Authors: Ma Kunfeng , Hu Po 
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Heat pipe cooled traveling wave reactor (HPTWR) is a newly proposed heat pipe reactor. The HPTWR can achieve the low enrichment of loaded fuel, small reactivity swing, and long-term continuous operation for the power supply of decentralized electricity markets. Due to the excellent breeding capability of the HPTWR, the Th fuel is also added into the breeding fuel region of the reactor to achieve the Th-U fuel cycle in this work.Methods: The Monte Carlo code RMC is used to obtain the reactivity swing, propagation of axial power peak, burnup, and productions of bred fissile nuclides for the HPTWR with Th and U fuels.Results and Discussion: The results indicate that the HPTWR with 13.6% 235U enrichment of ignition fuel and 20% 235U enrichment of breeding fuel can continuously operate for 18.1 years without refueling when the mass fraction of 232Th in heavy metals of breeding fuel region is 33%. The propagation velocity of axial power peak and total burnup for the HPTWR with Th and U fuels is about 0.5525 cm/years and 24.72 GWd/THM during the 18.1 years operation respectively. The corresponding productions of bred 239Pu, 241Pu and 233U are about 212.99 kg of 239Pu, 0.19 kg of 241Pu and 81.58 kg of 233U at the end of cycle (EOC) respectively. The obtained results in this study demonstrate that the HPTWR can achieve the Th fuel breeding in the case of the low 235U enrichment loading (≤ 20%).
Urban waterlogging prediction and risk analysis based on rainfall time series features: A case study of Shenzhen
Authors: Zhang Zongjia , Jian Xinyao , Chen Yiye , Huang Zhejun , Liu Junguo , Yang Lili 
Published: April 2023

In recent years, the frequency of extreme weather has increased, and urban waterlogging caused by sudden rainfall has occurred from time to time. With the development of urbanization, a large amount of land has been developed and the proportion of impervious area has increased, intensifying the risk of urban waterlogging. How to use the available meteorological data for accurate prediction and early warning of waterlogging hazards has become a key issue in the field of disaster prevention and risk assessment. In this paper, based on historical meteorological data, we combine domain knowledge and model parameters to experimentally extract rainfall time series related features for future waterlogging depth prediction. A novel waterlogging depth prediction model that applies only rainfall data as input is proposed by machine learning algorithms. By analyzing a large amount of historical flooding monitoring data, a “rainfall-waterlogging amplification factor” based on the geographical features of monitoring stations is constructed to quantify the mapping relationship between rainfall and waterlogging depths at different locations. After the model is trained and corrected by the measured data, the prediction error for short-time rainfall basically reaches within 2 cm. This method improves prediction performance by a factor of 2.5–3 over featureless time series methods. It effectively overcomes the limitations of small coverage of monitoring stations and insufficient historical waterlogging data, and can achieve more accurate short-term waterlogging prediction. At the same time, it can provide reference suggestions for the government to conduct waterlogging risk analysis and add new sensor stations by counting the amplification factor of other locations.