bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the behaviors and social preferences of a large, multigenerational herd of zoo‐housed southern white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum simum)
Authors: Williams Brett , Campbell Jennifer , Kendall Corinne , Tuttle Jade , Lynch Emily C. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe zoo‐housed southern white rhinoceros (SWR) population is of special concern due to their lack of consistent breeding success. An enhanced understanding of SWR social preferences could better inform management planning by promoting natural social relationships, which can positively affect their well‐being. The large, multigeneration herd housed at the North Carolina Zoo provides an ideal opportunity to examine rhino sociality across different ages, kin types, and social groupings. Eight female rhinos' social and nonsocial behaviors were recorded from November 2020 through June 2021 across 242 h. Activity budget analyses revealed strong seasonal and temporal variations in grazing and resting behaviors, with no stereotypic behaviors recorded. Bond strength calculations suggested that each female maintained strong social bonds with one to two partners. Beyond mother−nursing calf bonds, we found that the strongest social ties were maintained between calf‐less adults and subadults in these dyads. Considering these findings, we recommend that management plans attempt to house immature females with calf‐less adult females, as they may be necessary to the social landscape of immature females and, ultimately, improve their welfare.
From Waste to Value: A Story About Life Cycle Management in the Furniture Industry
Authors: Michelsen Ottar , Skaar Christofer , Fet Annik Magerholm 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis case focuses on the use of the CapSEM Model by the Norwegian furniture industry, beginning with efforts that raised sustainability awareness through a series of case studies over a period of more than 10 years. It started with a Cleaner Production (CP) programme for a group of furniture companies in a small community. The goal for another case study running in parallel with the CP-project, was to define a common set of Environmental Performance Indicators (EPIs) for reporting purposes for both the companies and the municipality to reduce waste and improve its treatment according to circular principles. While CP is at Level 1, EPIs and reporting is on level 3 and 4 in the CapSEM Model. In the furniture sector, the CP-programme led to capacity building by integrating Level 2 methods such as Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) into their daily work processes. LCA was used for product improvements based on hot spots detected through the analyses, and also to generate Environmental Performance Declarations (EPDs) for products. The implementation of these new procedures was integrated into the organisation’s strategic work through certified Environmental Management System (EMS). In addition to a demonstration of a gradual shift from Levels 1, 2 and 3, the case also describes the benefits of building cooperative communities (Level 4) that include sectoral, regional, and academic participants. The Level 4 activities were originally initiated by a Norwegian Local Agenda 21 programme.
The Role of Public Sector Buyers: Influencing Systemic Change in the Construction Sector
Authors: Truloff Shannon , de Boer Luitzen , Qiu Xinlu , Fet Annik Magerholm 
Published: February 2023

AbstractConstruction machinery is essential to all construction projects and is also a significant contributor to both air pollution and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The Non-Road Mobile Machinery Market (NRMM), otherwise known as the construction machinery market, largely operates using diesel fuel nowadays which has significant negative environmental impacts. It is critical that governmental leaders push suppliers to innovate and implement sustainable solutions in the construction sector. Green Public Procurement (GPP) and Innovation Orientated Public Procurement (IOPP) have emerged as potentially powerful instruments to drive green innovation by providing ‘lead markets’ for new technologies. City municipalities, regions, nations, and supranational government structures such as the European Union (EU) are starting to use public purchasing to achieve cleaner construction and Zero Emission Construction Sites (ZEMCONs). Early Market Dialogues (EMD) prior to the release of procurement documents can be an effective tool for achieving innovative solutions and for creating positive buyer and supplier collaboration. This case illustrates how the CapSEM Model and toolbox can operate from a top-down approach, initiating collaborative approaches amongst multiple actors, across multiple CapSEM Levels.
Transition to Sustainability
Authors: Fet Annik Magerholm , Keitsch Martina 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCompanies are increasingly faced with the challenge of how to implement sustainability strategies in their business performances. This chapter discusses transition processes, presents mechanisms, and clarifies how tools and methodologies from Part II of this book can help companies in the transition process towards more sustainable practices. It further elaborates on how the CapSEM Model contributes to bottom-up approaches to sustainability transition processes as well as the importance of stakeholder collaboration and involvement.
Helping Business Contribute to a Sustainability Transition: Archetypes of Business Models for Sustainability
Authors: Knudson Haley , Keitsch Martina 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis chapter discusses business models for sustainability (BMfS). The objective for BMfS is to increase positive or decrease negative impacts of business performance on the environment and society, simultaneously providing long-term well-being of the organization and its stakeholders. The chapter looks at BMfS from a systems perspective and analyses how sustainable values are integrated into organizations’ performances. Furthermore, benefits and challenges of BMfS related to capacity building, stakeholder inclusion and the scope of innovations inherent in the models are discussed. Conclusively, the chapter appraises the potential of BMfS to contribute to macro level transition to sustainability.
The Way Forward
Authors: Fet Annik Magerholm , Keitsch Martina 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis chapter points to the way ahead by introducing five recommendations to meet the requirements set forward by the Stockholm+50 agenda. The requirements identify co-working as vital to addressing the planetary crisis of climate change, biodiversity loss and pollution, better collaboration and cooperation across all sectors, reinventing to a circular economy meaning decouple economic development from its destructive footprint, accessibility of data, and raising a common awareness for our planet. In response to this potential need, they present five transition options that might facilitate realising the requirements above and recognise a need for: (1) system change, (2) radical interdisciplinarity and trans-disciplinarity, (3) net positive leadership, (4) digitalization for sustainability, and (5) fair and inclusive transitions. Business leaders, their stakeholders and other groups should consider meeting these needs through their work in partnership with other actors.
Higher derivative invariants in four dimensional 𝒩 = 3 Poincaré supergravity
Authors: Hegde Subramanya , Mishra Madhu , Mukherjee Debangshu , Sahoo Bindusar 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In this paper we use the superconformal approach to derive the higher derivative action for 𝒩 = 3 Poincaré supergravity in four space-time dimensions. We first study the coupling of 𝒩 = 3 vector multiplets to conformal supergravity. Thereafter we combine it with the pure 𝒩 = 3 conformal supergravity action and use a minimum of three vector multiplets as compensators to arrive at Poincaré supergravity with higher derivative corrections. We give a general prescription on how to eliminate the auxiliary fields in an iterative manner and obtain the supergravity action order by order in derivatives. We also show that the truncation of the action at fourth order in derivatives is a consistent truncation.
Non-relativistic gravity theories in four spacetime dimensions
Authors: Concha Patrick , Rodríguez Evelyn , Rubio Gustavo 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In this work we present a non-relativistic gravity theory defined in four spacetime dimensions using the MacDowell-Mansouri geometrical formulation. We obtain a Newtonian gravity action which is constructed from the curvature of a Newton-Hooke version of the so-called Newtonian algebra. We show that the non-relativistic gravity theory presented here contains the Poisson equation in presence of a cosmological constant. Moreover we make contact with the Modified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND) approach for gravity by considering a particular ansatz for a given gauge field. We extend our results to a generalized non-relativistic MacDowell-Mansouri gravity theory by considering a generalized Newton-Hooke algebra.
The axion flavour connection
Authors: Darmé Luc , Nardi Enrico , Smarra Clemente 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
A local flavour symmetry acting on the quarks of the Standard Model can automatically give rise to an accidental global U(1) which remains preserved from sources of explicit breaking up to a large operator dimension, while it gets spontaneously broken together with the flavour symmetry. Such non-fundamental symmetries are often endowed with a mixed QCD anomaly, so that the strong CP problem is automatically solved via the axion mechanism. We illustrate the general features required to realise this scenario, and we discuss a simple construction based on the flavour group SU(3) × SU(2) × U(1)F to illustrate how mass hierarchies can arise while ensuring at the same time a high quality Peccei-Quinn symmetry.
Construction of the Unruh State for a Real Scalar Field on the Kerr-de Sitter Spacetime
Authors: Klein Christiane K. M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe study of physical effects of quatum fields in black hole spacetimes, which is related to questions such as the validity of the strong cosmic censorship conjecture, requires a Hadamard state describing the physical situation. Here, we consider the theory of a free scalar field on a Kerr-de Sitter spacetime, focussing on spacetimes with sufficiently small angular momentum of the black hole and sufficiently small cosmological constant. We demonstrate that an extension of the Unruh state, which describes the expected late-time behaviour in spherically symmetric gravitational collapse, can be rigorously constructed for the free scalar field on such Kerr-de Sitter spacetimes. In addition, we show that this extension of the Unruh state is a Hadamard state in the black hole exterior and in the black hole interior up to the inner horizon. This provides a physically motivated Hadamard state for the study of free scalar fields in rotating black hole spacetimes.
On the existence of generalized solutions to a spatio-temporal predator–prey system with prey-taxis
Authors: Hömberg Dietmar , Lasarzik Robert , Plato Luisa 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this paper we consider a pair of coupled nonlinear partial differential equations describing the interaction of a predator–prey pair including random movement as well as prey-taxis. We introduce a concept of generalized solutions and show the existence of such solutions in all space dimensions with the aid of a regularizing term. Additionally, we prove the weak–strong uniqueness of these generalized solutions and the existence of strong solutions at least locally in time for space dimension two and three.
Simultaneous targeting of mitochondrial Kv1.3 and lysosomal acid sphingomyelinase amplifies killing of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Patel Sameer H. , Bachmann Magdalena , Kadow Stephanie , Wilson Gregory C. , Abdel-Salam Mostafa M. L. , Xu Kui , Keitsch Simone , Soddemann Matthias , Wilker Barbara , Becker Katrin Anne , Carpinteiro Alexander , Ahmad Syed A. , Szabo Ildiko , Gulbins Erich 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Pancreas ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains a malignant tumor with very poor prognosis and low 5-year overall survival. Here, we aimed to simultaneously target mitochondria and lysosomes as a new treatment paradigm of malignant pancreas cancer in vitro and in vivo. We demonstrate that the clinically used sphingosine analog FTY-720 together with PAPTP, an inhibitor of mitochondrial Kv1.3, induce death of pancreas cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. The combination of both drugs results in a marked inhibition of the acid sphingomyelinase and accumulation of cellular sphingomyelin in vitro and in vivo in orthotopic and flank pancreas cancers. Mechanistically, PAPTP and FTY-720 cause a disruption of both mitochondria and lysosomes, an alteration of mitochondrial bioenergetics and accumulation of cytoplasmic Ca2+, events that collectively mediate cell death. Our findings point to an unexpected cross-talk between lysosomes and mitochondria mediated by sphingolipid metabolism. We show that the combination of PAPTP and FTY-720 induces massive death of pancreas cancer cells, thereby leading to a substantially delayed and reduced PDAC growth in vivo.

Key messages

FTY-720 inhibits acid sphingomyelinase in pancreas cancer cells (PDAC).

FTY-720 induces sphingomyelin accumulation and lysosomal dysfunction.

The mitochondrial Kv1.3 inhibitor PAPTP disrupts mitochondrial functions.

PAPTP and FTY-720 synergistically kill PDAC in vitro.

The combination of FTY-720 and PAPTP greatly delays PDAC growth in vivo.
Fibroblast growth factor 23 as a biomarker of right ventricular dysfunction in pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Widmann Laila , Keranov Stanislav , Jafari Leili , Liebetrau Christoph , Keller Till , Troidl Christian , Kriechbaum Steffen , Voss Sandra , Arsalan Mani , Richter Manuel J. , Tello Khodr , Gall Henning , Ghofrani Hossein A. , Guth Stefan , Seeger Werner , Hamm Christian W. , Dörr Oliver , Nef Holger 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF-23) has been associated with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and heart failure. However, its role in right ventricular (RV) remodeling and RV failure is unknown. This study analyzed the utility of FGF-23 as a biomarker of RV function in patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH).

Methods
In this observational study, FGF-23 was measured in the plasma of patients with PH (n = 627), dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM, n = 59), or LVH with severe aortic stenosis (n = 35). Participants without LV or RV abnormalities served as controls (n = 36).

Results
Median FGF-23 plasma levels were higher in PH patients than in healthy controls (p < 0.001). There were no significant differences between PH, DCM, and LVH patients. Analysis across tertiles of FGF-23 levels in PH patients revealed an association between higher FGF-23 levels and higher levels of NT-proBNP and worse renal function. Furthermore, patients in the high-FGF-23 tertile had a higher pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR), mean pulmonary artery pressure, and right atrial pressure and a lower cardiac index (CI) than patients in the low tertile (p < 0.001 for all comparisons). Higher FGF-23 levels were associated with higher RV end-diastolic diameter and lower tricuspid annular plane systolic excursions (TAPSE) and TAPSE/PASP. Receiver operating characteristic analysis revealed FGF-23 as a good predictor of RV maladaptation, defined as TAPSE < 17 mm and CI < 2.5 L/min/m2. Association of FGF-23 with parameters of RV function was independent of the glomerular filtration rate in regression analysis.

Conclusion
FGF-23 may serve as a biomarker for maladaptive RV remodeling in patients with PH.

Graphic abstract
Radiological long-term follow-up up to 12 years of initially ultrasound unstable hip types D, III and IV after treatment with the Tübingen splint worn as a plaster
Authors: Kubo Hannes , Krauspe Ruediger , Pilge Hakan , Westhoff Bettina 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Introduction
The treatment of ultrasound unstable hips with the Tübingen splint is currently under discussion. However, there is a lack of long-term follow-up data. This study presents to the best of our knowledge first radiological mid-term to long-term data of the successful initial treatment with the Tübingen splint of ultrasound unstable hips.

Materials and methods
From 2002 to 2022 the treatment of ultrasound unstable hips type D, III and IV (age ≤ 6 weeks, no severe limitation of abduction) with the Tübingen splint worn as a plaster is evaluated. Based on data derived from routine X-rays during the follow-up period, a radiological follow-up (FU) analysis until the age of 12 years was performed. The acetabular index (ACI) and center–edge angle (CEA) were measured and classified according to Tönnis as normal findings (NF), slightly (sliD) or severely dysplastic (sevD).

Results
193 of 201 (95.5%) unstable hips could be successfully treated showing normal findings with an alpha angle > 65°. The few patients showing treatment failures were successfully treated applying a Fettweis plaster (human position) under anesthesia. The radiological FU of 38 hips showed a favorable trend with increase of normal findings from 52.8% to 81.1% and decrease of 38.9% to 19.9% of sliD respectively 8.3% to 0% of sevD hips. The analysis of avascular necrosis of the femoral head showed 2 cases (5.3%) of grade 1 according to Kalamchi and McEwen, which were improving over time in the further course.

Conclusions
The Tübingen splint as alternative to replace a plaster has proven a successful therapeutic option for ultrasound unstable hips type D, III and IV with favorable and over time improving radiological parameter up to the age of 12 years.
Fractional CO2 laser in the treatment of nail psoriasis: how can it help?
Authors: Afify Ahmed Abdelfattah , Shaheen Maha Adel , El-Banna Mahmoud Gamal 
Published: February 2023

AbstractTreating nail psoriasis is often a time-consuming challenge with an unsecure outcome. Response to the treatment is variable and relapses are common. Systemic treatments have multiple systemic side effects and lack of the patient compliance makes intra-lesional therapies not the best choice for treatment of nail psoriasis. We aimed to evaluate and compare the efficacy and side effects of methotrexate versus calcipotriol plus betamethasone two-compound formula when applied topically to psoriatic nails after fractional CO2 laser. This comparative pilot study included 20 patients with nail psoriasis. One side was treated with fractional CO2 laser followed by the application of topical methotrexate (Group A) and the other side with fractional CO2 laser followed by topical (Calcipotriol 0.05 mg/gm + Betamethasone 0.5 mg/gm) (Group B). 4 sessions were done, once every 2 weeks. There was a high statistical significant decrease in total NAPSI score in group A at 1(P = 0.000) and 2 months (P = 0.000). There was a high statistical significant decrease in total NAPSI score in group B at 1(P = 0.001) and 2 months (P = 0.001). There was no statistical significant difference regarding total NAPSI score between both group A and B at 0 (P = 0.271), 1(P = 0.513) and 2 months (P = 0.647). Combined fractional CO2 laser with either topical MTX or topical betamethasone plus calcipotriol two-compound formula is effective treatment for nail psoriasis.
SHAKE and the exact constraint satisfaction of the dynamics of semi-rigid molecules in Cartesian coordinates, 1973–1977
Authors: Macuglia Daniele 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis essay traces the history of early molecular dynamics simulations, specifically exploring the development of SHAKE, a constraint-based technique devised in 1976 by Jean-Paul Ryckaert, Giovanni Ciccotti and the late Herman Berendsen at CECAM (Centre Européen de Calcul Atomique et Moléculaire). The work of the three scientists proved to be instrumental in giving impetus to the MD simulation of complex polymer systems and it currently underpins the work of thousands of researchers worldwide who are engaged in computational physics, chemistry and biology. Despite its impact and its role in bringing different scientific fields together, accurate historical studies on the birth of SHAKE are virtually absent. By collecting and elaborating on the accounts of Ryckaert and Ciccotti, this essay aims to fill this gap, while also commenting on the conceptual and computational difficulties faced by its developers.
Preparing auditory task switching in a task with overlapping and non-overlapping response sets
Authors: Nolden Sophie , Koch Iring 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe used a variant of cued auditory task switching to investigate task preparation and its relation to response-set overlap. Previous studies found increased interference with overlapping response sets across tasks relative to non-overlapping motor response sets. In the present experiments, participants classified either pitch or loudness of a simple tone as low or high, hence, both tasks were constructed around common underlying integrated semantic categories ranging from low to high. Manual responses overlapped in both category and modality for both tasks in Experiment 1A, whereas each task was related to a specific response category and response modality (manual vs. vocal) in Experiment 1B. Focusing on the manual responses in both experiments, the data showed that non-overlapping response sets (Experiment 1B) resulted in a decreased congruency effect, suggesting reduced response-based crosstalk and thus better task shielding, but at the same time switch costs were increased, suggesting less efficient switching between task sets. Moreover, varying preparation time (cue-stimulus interval, CSI) showed that long CSI led to better performance overall. Our results thus suggest that when non-overlapping response sets share common semantic categories across tasks, there is no general benefit over overlapping response sets.
Computing the Multicover Bifiltration
Authors: Corbet René , Kerber Michael , Lesnick Michael , Osang Georg 
Published: February 2023

AbstractGiven a finite set $$A\subset {\mathbb {R}}^d$$

A
⊂

R

d

, let $$\text {Cov}_{r,k}$$

Cov

r
,
k

denote the set of all points within distance r to at least k points of A. Allowing r and k to vary, we obtain a 2-parameter family of spaces that grow larger when r increases or k decreases, called the multicover bifiltration. Motivated by the problem of computing the homology of this bifiltration, we introduce two closely related combinatorial bifiltrations, one polyhedral and the other simplicial, which are both topologically equivalent to the multicover bifiltration and far smaller than a Čech-based model considered in prior work of Sheehy. Our polyhedral construction is a bifiltration of the rhomboid tiling of Edelsbrunner and Osang, and can be efficiently computed using a variant of an algorithm given by these authors. Using an implementation for dimension 2 and 3, we provide experimental results. Our simplicial construction is useful for understanding the polyhedral construction and proving its correctness.