bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Research on parameter extraction of thin‐film transistors based on swarm intelligence
Authors: Liu Peng , Liu Bailing , Feng Jing , Wang Zhichong , Zhang Qian , Tang Xiaojun , Li Yang , Yuan Guangcai , Dong Xue 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe development of integrated circuits for displays and other applications requires semiconductor device models and appropriate parameter extraction techniques to predict and understand the circuit behavior. These techniques are paramount in reducing design errors and shortening the product development cycle. This paper presents an algorithm that employed swarm intelligence in exploring an automated and accurate parameter extraction technology. First, an automatic parameter extraction of Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI) Model for polysilicon thin‐film transistor (Poly‐Si TFT) is achieved by genetic algorithm (GA) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. Compared with the best solution of the GA algorithm for automatic parameter extraction, the PSO outperformed the GA. However, it still prematurely converges to the suboptimal solution henceforth cannot obtain the expected solution accuracy. Second, the mutual learning particle swarm optimization (MLPSO) algorithm is proposed that introduces the concept of “mutual learning.” The new algorithm aims to find the global optimum in getting suitable trade‐off between exploration and exploitation. In addition, the MLPSO algorithm implemented the novel random initialization and fitness function in simplifying the complex manual processes and the empirical calibration, and it led to achieving automatic and accurate parameters extraction.
Association of circulating branched chain fatty acids with insulin sensitivity and beta cell function in the PROMISE cohort
Authors: Yehia Nagam A. , Isai Liridona , Semnani‐Azad Zhila , Lai Kira Zhi Hua , Retnakaran Ravi , Harris Stewart B. , Beaudry Jacqueline L. , Bazinet Richard P. , Hanley Anthony J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBranched chain fatty acids (BCFAs) are mainly saturated fatty acids with a methyl branch on the penultimate or antepenultimate carbon atom. While BCFAs are endogenously produced via the catabolism of branched chain amino acids, the primary exogenous source of BCFAs in the human body is via the diet, including dairy products. Recently, BCFAs have been identified as having a potentially protective role in the etiology of cardiometabolic disorders although current literature is limited. We aimed to investigate the longitudinal associations of circulating BCFAs across four serum pools with insulin sensitivity, beta cell function, and glucose concentrations in the PROMISE Cohort. Estimates of insulin sensitivity were assessed using Matsuda's insulin sensitivity index (ISI) and the homeostasis model assessment of insulin sensitivity (HOMA2). Estimates of beta cell function were determined using the insulinogenic index divided by HOMA insulin resistance and the insulin secretion‐sensitivity index‐2 (ISSI‐2). Baseline serum samples were analyzed for BCFAs using gas‐chromatography flame ionization detection. Longitudinal associations were determined using generalized estimating equations. In the free fatty acid (FFA) pool, iso15:0 and anteiso15:0 were positively associated with logHOMA2 (iso15:0 logHOMA2‐%S: β = 6.86, 95% CI: [1.64, 12.36], p < 0.05, anteiso15:0 logHOMA2‐%S: β = 6.36, 95% CI: [0.63, 12.42], p < 0.05) while anteiso14:0 was inversely associated with measures of insulin sensitivity (iso14:0 logHOMA2‐%S: β = −2.35, 95% CI: [−4.26, −0.40], p < 0.05, logISI: β = −2.30, 95% CI: [−4.32, −0.23], p < 0.05, anteiso14:0 logHOMA2‐%S: β = −4.72, 95% CI: [−7.81, −1.52], p < 0.05, logISI: β = −6.13, 95% CI: [−9.49, −2.66], p < 0.01). Associations in other pools were less consistent. We identified the potential importance of specific BCFAs, specifically iso14:0, anteiso14:0, iso15:0, anteiso15:0, in cardiometabolic phenotypes underlying type 2 diabetes.
Enhancing the Activity of Surface Immobilized Antimicrobial Peptides Using Thiol‐Mediated Tethering to Poly(ethylene glycol)
Authors: Boden Andrew , Dart Alexander , Liao Tzu‐Ying , Zhu De Ming , Bhave Mrinal , Cipolla Laura , Kingshott Peter 
Published: May 2023

AbstractConsidering the need for versatile surface coatings that can display multiple bioactive signals and chemistries, the use of more novel surface modification methods is starting to emerge. Thiol‐mediated conjugation of biomolecules is shown to be quite advantageous for such purposes due to the reactivity and chemoselectivity of thiol functional groups. Herein, the immobilization of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) to silica colloidal particles based on thiol‐mediated conjugation techniques, along with an assessment of the antimicrobial potential of the functionalized particles against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus is investigated. Immobilization of PEG to thiolated Si particles is performed by either a two‐step thiol–ene “photo‐click” reaction or a “one‐pot” thiol–maleimide type conjugation using terminal acrylate or maleimide functional groups, respectively. It is demonstrated that both immobilization methods result in a significant reduction in the number of viable bacterial cells compared to unmodified samples after the designated incubation periods with the PEG‐AMP‐modified colloidal suspensions. These findings provide a promising outlook for the fabrication of multifunctional surfaces based upon the tethering of PEG and AMPs to colloidal particles through thiol‐mediated biocompatible chemistry, which has potential for use as implant coatings or as antibacterial formulations that can be incorporated into wound dressings to prevent or control bacterial infections.
Higher syzygies on general polarized Abelian varieties of type (1,⋯,1,d)$(1,\dots ,1,d)$
Authors: Ito Atsushi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we show that a general polarized abelian variety of type and dimension g satisfies property if . In particular, the case affirmatively solves a conjecture by Fuentes García on projective normality.
In Situ Surface‐Initiated ATRP Mediated by Gallium‐Based Liquid Metal Nanodroplets
Authors: He Baoluo , Lu Qi , Zhao Xiangyuan , Zhang Xiaozhi , Mu Rong , Sheng Wenbo , Li Bin , Liu Shujuan , Ye Qian , Zhou Feng 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSurface‐initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI‐ATRP) is one of the most popular methods for surface modifications with functional polymer films, which has attracted significant attention in recent years. Herein, a facile method of gallium‐based liquid metal (GLM) nanodroplets mediated SI‐ATRP to prepare polymer brushes on GLM surfaces is reported. The ATRP initiator modified GLM (GLM‐Br) nanodroplets act as a substrate for the in situ SI‐ATRP and participate as a reducing agent to reduce Cu(II) deactivators to Cu(I) activators. UV–vis spectra confirm the feasibility of the in situ SI‐ATRP and indicate that the thickness and density of polymer brushes play an important role in performing a successful ATRP on GLM nanodroplets surfaces. Homo‐ and block copolymers, poly(3‐sulfopropyl methacrylate potassium salt) (PSPMA) and poly((2‐dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate‐b‐(3‐sulfopropyl methacrylate potassium salt)) P(DMAEMA‐b‐SPMA) are successfully grafted to the GLM nanodroplets. Polymer brushes modified GLM nanodroplets show potential applications such as friction reduction and oil‐water emulsion separation. GLM nanodroplets mediated SI‐ATRP provides a novel and robust approach to preparing multifunctional GLM nanodroplets for different applications.
In Situ Radical Reaction‐Modified Carbon Dot Nanocapsules with Macrophage Escape and Prolonged Imaging
Authors: Zhang Song , Luo Yuchao , Du Jianan , Ren Xue , Liu Chunbao , Liu Yingyi , Sun Wei , Xu Bin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCarbon dots (CDs) have emerged as an extremely promising platform for biological imaging, owing to their optical properties and low toxicity. However, one of the major challenges in utilizing CDs for in vivo imaging is their high immunogenicity and rapid clearance, which limits their potential. Herein, a novel approach for mitigating these issues is presented through the development of carbon dot nanocapsules (nCDs). Specifically, CDs are encapsulated within a zwitterionic polymer shell composed of 2‐methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) to create nCDs with a size of ≈40 nm. Notably, the nCDs exhibit excitation‐dependent photoluminescence behavior in the range of 550–600 nm, with tunability based on the excitation wavelength. In confocal imaging, CDs display a strong fluorescence signal after 8 h of incubation with phagocytes, while nCDs show minimal signal, suggesting that nCDs may be capable of evading phagocyte uptake. Furthermore, imaging studies in zebrafish demonstrate that nCDs exhibit a retention time >10 times longer than that of CDs, with fluorescence intensity remaining at 81% after 10 h compared to only 8% for CDs. Taken together, the study presents a novel approach for enhancing the performance of CDs in in vivo imaging applications, offering significant potential for clinical translation.
Cultivating support during COVID‐19 through clinical supervision: A discussion article
Authors: O'Donnell Claire , Markey Kathleen , Murphy Louise , Turner James , Doody Owen 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimThis article aims to discuss how clinical supervision is an important approach in supporting frontline nurses and students during and post COVID‐19 through the lens of the nursing metaparadigms.DesignDiscussion article.MethodsDiscourse of the literature considering the importance of working collaboratively with healthcare and educational organisations in operationalising clinical supervision.ResultsThe evidence base supporting clinical supervision as an effective support strategy for nurses exists, however, its implementation and practice has become sporadic. A resurgence is required to support student's and nurse's during this pandemic. It is timely for nurse educators to creatively engage with clinical partners in supporting clinical supervision to enhance both nurses and students pandemic practice experiences. Clinical supervision is proposed as one strategy to support and guide both nurses and students to develop, strengthen and challenge the effectiveness of their care during COVID‐19.
Maternally inherited autosomal dominant PLAG‐1 related Silver Russell syndrome in a fetus with intra‐uterine growth restriction
Authors: Tse Wing Ting , Bass Charlotte , Gurney Leo , Kinning Esther 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe report a case of maternally inherited autosomal dominant PLAG‐1 related Silver Russell syndrome (SRS) in a fetus with IUGR and a mother who had growth and feeding problems in early life, dextrocardia and an atrio‐ventricular septal defect. Amniocentesis was performed due to marked intra‐uterine growth restriction (IUGR). The array was normal. Whole exome sequencing (WES) revealed a maternally inherited heterozygous likely pathogenic variant in PLAG1 (NM_002655.3): c.402delT p.(Gly135Aspfs*94). This variant has not been reported previously. PLAG1 pathogenic variants are associated with autosomal dominant Silver Russell syndrome, which fits with the clinical phenotypes of both fetus and mother. PLAG1 variants have previously been reported post‐natally in Silver Russell syndrome, but the phenotype tends to be milder than in 11p15.5 methylation‐related cases with fewer physical features. Although cardiac anomalies are uncommon in SRS, they have been previously reported. To our knowledge, dextrocardia has not been previously associated with SRS and there were no other potential causative genetic variants found. This report aims to highlight this rare type of SRS as a cause of IUGR.
The changing role of nation states in online content governance: A case of Google's handling of government removal requests
Authors: Park Soyoung , Sang Yoonmo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBuilding upon previous studies that divide the governance of digital platforms into three eras (Flew, 2021; Bowers & Zittrain, 2020), this study investigates how one of the most influential digital platforms, Google, has handled removal requests from governments. By sketching the regulatory terrain of Google, the current study seeks a more balanced understanding of content moderation. This study selected an exploratory case study approach using Google's Transparency reports and accompanying public data sets relating to governments' content removal requests filed for all Google products from 2009 to 2021. The findings reveal a growing influence of nation states on moderating online content, delineating the surging point as occurring in 2016. In addition to the sheer increase of take‐down requests raised in various areas, since 2016 the trend of government interventions has outpaced those of courts; during the same period, Google, which had been more compliant with court decisions than with governmental entities' requests, showed similar compliance with government requests. The results also demonstrate how the practices of requesting content removal differed by political system while singling out Russia's distinctive characteristics. This study sheds light on our understanding of the role of nation states in shaping online environments in the era of platformization.
Kinetic studies on the radical ring‐opening polymerization of 2‐methylene‐1,3,6‐trioxocane
Authors: Mehner Fabian , Meissner Till , Seifert Alissa , Lederer Albena , Gaitzsch Jens 
Published: May 2023

AbstractRadical ring‐opening polymerization (RROP) of cyclic ketene acetals allows for the synthesis of functional and biodegradable polyesters. To gain a better understanding of RROP, kinetic studies of this reaction method are thus essential but still rare. In here we conducted kinetic experiments on RROP of 2‐methylene‐1,3,6‐trioxocan (MTC) for the first time. In line with earlier findings, the kinetic behavior could be distributed into a chain growth, stationary and step growth behavior probably caused by dominating branching and recombination reactions impacting the polymerization with increasing conversion. The impact of reaction conditions, such as monomer concentration, reaction temperature and source of energy input (Oil bath, microwave, UV light) were varied systematically. All of these factors were studied towards their influence on polymerization rate constant, density of branches (DB), polymer dispersity and molar mass. While each of these factors were impacted by the reaction conditions, the DB was only depending on monomer conversion. Elution fractionation of PMTC samples with high conversion proved decreasing DB with increasing molar mass. Altogether, this study gives a holistic insight into the kinetics of MTC under various means of free RROP, paving the way for developing a more hydrophilic polyester with adjustable DB and molecular weight.
Viscous Fluid Cosmology in Symmetric Teleparallel Gravity
Authors: Solanki Raja , Rana Dheeraj Singh , Mandal Sanjay , Sahoo Pradyumn K. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this article, the viscous fluid cosmological model is analyzed in the framework of recently proposed gravity by assuming three different forms of bulk viscosity coefficients, specifically, , , and and a linear model, particularly, where is free model parameter. The bulk viscosity coefficients and the model parameter values using the combined H(z)+Pantheon+BAO data set are estimated. The asymptotic behavior of our cosmological bulk viscous model is studied by utilizing the phase space method. It is found that corresponding to all three cases, our model depicts the evolution of the universe from matter dominated decelerated epoch (a past attractor) to a stable de‐sitter accelerated epoch (a future attractor). Furthermore, the physical behavior of effective pressure, effective equation of state (EoS), and the statefinder parameters are studied. It is also found that the pressure component in the presence of bulk viscosity shows negative behavior and the effective EoS parameter predicts the accelerated expansion phase of the universe for all three cases. Moreover, the trajectories of the model lie in the quintessence region and it converges to the ΛCDM fixed point in the far future. It is found that the accelerated de‐Sitter like phase comes purely from the case without any geometrical modification to GR. Moreover, the late‐time behavior of all three cases of viscosity coefficients are identical. Furthermore, a non‐linear model is considered, specifically, , and then analyzed the behavior of model using dynamical approach. It is also found that the late‐time behavior of the considered non‐linear model with is similar to the linear case, whereas for the case results are quite different.
Sorption of flavour compounds by polyethylene terephthalate and copolyester films for food packaging
Authors: Hosono Hiroko , Hirakawa Nobuo , Zhang Nan , Kinoshita Yuuki 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe sorption of flavour compounds by PET and 15 copolyesters (PET copolymerized with isophthalic acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid, tetramethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol and neopentyl glycol in the range of 5 to 18 mol%) was studied. Biaxially oriented films of each resin were immersed in aqueous solutions containing 37 types of flavour compounds for 4 weeks at 37°C. The amount of flavour compounds sorbed by the films was highly dependent on the copolymer composition. Among the tested films, the copolyester film containing 11 mol% sebacic acid exhibited the highest sorption of the 37 compounds, which was approximately 40 times that of PET. The copolyester film containing 11 mol% isophthalic acid exhibited the lowest sorption, approximately half that of PET. The relationship between sorption and the characteristic values of the polyester films was studied. Sorption was negatively correlated with the solubility parameter and density of the amorphous area and strongly negatively correlated with the glass transition temperature. It was concluded that the dynamic free volume involved in diffusion dominates the sorption of flavour compounds by copolyesters. The log P value and molecular size of the compounds had a strong effect on the sorption of individual flavour compounds by the films in aqueous solutions.
Severe asthma remaining well‐controlled after mepolizumab discontinuation: A case report and literature review
Authors: Matsuyama Takahiro , Tomioka Yuya , Matsuyama Hiromi , Kamenohara Yusuke , Tanigawa Kengo , Dotake Yoichi , Hagihara Yoko , Takagi Koichi , Machida Kentaro , Inoue Hiromasa 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMepolizumab, a humanized anti‐IL‐5 monoclonal antibody used for severe asthma, results in a reduced rate of asthma exacerbation, improved lung function, reduced oral corticosteroid use, and improved quality of life. A 62‐year‐old man using high‐dose inhaled corticosteroid visited our hospital because of poorly‐controlled asthma. He had eosinophilia in peripheral blood and sputum, and high levels of fraction of exhaled nitric oxide. Therefore, he was treated with mepolizumab for severe asthma. Mepolizumab treatment resulted in significantly improved pulmonary function and reduced frequencies of asthma exacerbations. Because of his good asthma control, mepolizumab treatment was discontinued after 3 years. Since discontinuing mepolizumab, his asthma control has remained without exacerbation. Previous studies suggest that mepolizumab should be continued to sustain clinical benefits. However, cases of long‐term controlled asthma have not been reported after mepolizumab withdrawal, and our case may be instructive.
Improvement of Mild Photoaged Facial Skin in Middle-Aged Chinese Females by a Supramolecular Retinol Plus Acetyl Hexapeptide-1 Containing Essence
Authors: Ye Ying , Li Yanan , Xu Chenlan , Wei Xiaolan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background
The anti-ageing gold standard, retinol, has been widely recognized for its anti-wrinkle benefits in the Chinese population. Studies have shown that Asians are more sensitive to retinol compared to their Caucasian counterparts, and it is generally recommended to use retinol once a day in the evening. However, there are few reports on the most appropriate concentration and frequency of retinol use in the general Chinese population.

Objectives
In this study, supramolecular retinol was prepared using cyclodextrin encapsulation technology, and the most appropriate concentration for the general Chinese population was investigated. Then, a cosmetic essence was developed by combining the classic supramolecular retinol, which promotes collagen regeneration, with acetyl hexapeptide-1, a popular ingredient known for reducing expression lines. The safety and efficacy of this cosmetic essence were studied through clinical tests.

Methods
First, a patch test was conducted on 32 healthy Chinese subjects to compare the tolerance of supramolecular retinol to non-encapsulated retinol and to select the optimal concentration of retinol. Then, an 8-week clinical study was conducted using a twice-daily cosmetic essence containing 0.1% supramolecular retinol and 0.02% acetyl hexapeptide-1 to treat mild photoaging in 32 middle-aged Chinese women. Dermatological evaluations and instrument measurements were taken at baseline, 4 weeks, and 8 weeks. Efficacy was assessed using facial skin wrinkles, textures, elasticity, firmness, pores, gloss and stratum corneum hydration. Tolerability was assessed throughout the study.

Results
Our patch test results showed that supramolecular retinol was better tolerated than non-encapsulated retinol, and our findings suggest that 0.1% was the approximate optimal retinol concentration for the general Chinese population. The cosmetic essence studied was effective in improving the appearance of photoaged skin in the Chinese population in all aspects studied and was well tolerated.

Conclusions
0.1% retinol is suitable for twice daily use in the general Chinese population. Data and records on efficacy dimensions of skin textures, elasticity, firmness, pores, gloss and stratum corneum hydration for retinol in the Chinese population are supplemented with our study. Cosmeceutical approaches targeting both static and dynamic wrinkles are of value for treating the photoaged Chinese population.
Harvesting Friction Energy for Tribo‐catalytic Degradation of Organic Pollutions via Natural Tourmaline
Authors: Wang Xiaoxing , Jia Yanmin , Zhang Qichang , Wu Zheng , Zhang Hongfang , Qi Jianquan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractFriction, a very common phenomenon in daily life, can be easily converted into electric energy via triboelectricity and can further drive oxidation and reduction reactions to degrade dye wastewater, which is named tribo‐catalysis. In this work, the friction energy between the stirring rod and the natural tourmaline powder was applied to realize the efficient tribo‐catalytic dye degradation. As the catalyst mass increases from 0 g to 0.15 g, the degradation ratio quickly increases at first and then slightly decreases during the tribo‐catalytic process. 0.10 g tourmaline powder shows excellent dye degradation ratio, which is up to ∼96 % at 400 r.p.m. stirring for 5 h. In addition, the dye degradation ratio can be improved through adjusting pH value of the dye solution to 7 or increasing the contact area between the natural tourmaline powder and the stirring rod. The electron spin‐resonance spectra experiment confirms that the primary active substances are hydroxyl radicals (⋅OH) and superoxide radicals (⋅O2−). The natural tourmaline with excellent tribo‐catalytic performance is prospective to treat the organic pollutions through harvesting the friction energy in the environment.