bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Practical and Economical Methodology of H2S Content Control in Mature Water Supported Field: A Case Study in Gulf of Suez, Egyp
Authors: Esmail Mohamed Abdulmageed , Abdelhalem Tamer Hosny , Mohamed Islam Ibrahim , Elnahas Mohamed Hasan , Mohamed Hossam Sabry , Yehia Mohamed Ahmed 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMicrobial hydrogen sulfide (H2S) production is a complication in the oil and gas industry. Production of H2S by bacteria within oil reservoir is detrimental to both injection and production. This study determines the root cause of the problem with a scientific approach to control H2S content – in a mature field in Gulf of Suez (GOS) – by applying different methods of chemical treatments in injectors, subsequently leading to production of fluids and gases with sustaining lower H2S content. The field depends on injection of sulfate-rich seawater into hydrocarbon containing reservoirs for pressure maintenance for 50 years. H2S content in the reservoir was relatively low before proceeding the water-flooding project. Initially, microbiological induced corrosion in oil production and water injection pipping were detected, then a strategy for monitoring the process of microbial production of H2S and its build-up within a reservoir and mitigation of induced scale by bacterial action was created. Finally, chemical injection approaches were implemented to reduce sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) activity in the reservoir and to control / decrease H2S content in production fluids and gases.Sharp increase in H2S content in production fluids and gases parallel with a decline in injection rate of water injection wells were the first signs of microbiological bacterial activity in piping and reservoir. In situ injection of biocide in production wells followed by soaking for 24 hours failed to decrease H2S content in production fluids. Continuous injection of oxygen scavenger with water stream in injection wells was the second trial that succeeded in decreasing H2S content in production wells, but only for short time, and then it increased yet again. This trial was the highest cost with low to moderate results. Last trial was to inject biocide with water stream in injection wells for three months, followed by H2S content observation in production wells. Chemical lab tests showed dramatic reduction of H2S content by 30 to 40% in some production wells in addition to tremendous improvement in injection rate of the injectors.The case signifies the importance of root cause analysis and engineering problem solving techniques in finding a solution to reduce microbial hydrogen sulfide content caused by SRB action. Reduction of H2S allows opening of many shut-in producers that were producing high H2S content fluids and resulted in severe corrosion in addition to health, safety and environment (HSE) issues, particularly when assets were not designed to be operated in souring conditions.
Fatty acid synthesis suppresses dietary polyunsaturated fatty acid use
Authors: Worthmann Anna , Piel Sharlaine , Fischer Alexander , O'Farell Marie , Adak Sangeeta , Kloth Katja , Sundd Monica , Siffeti Hasibullah , Musfeldt Melina , Bierhals Tatjana , Heine Markus , Pauly Mira , Haumann Friederike , Kundu Suman , Fuh Manka , Neu Axel , Beysen Carine , Pertzborn Paul , Schlüter Hartmut , Knippschild Uwe , Tödter Klaus , Hempel Maja , Semenkovich Clay , Heeren Joerg , Scheja Ludger , Kubisch Christian , Schlein Christian 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Metabolic diseases are closely linked to aberrant synthesis of endogenous fatty acids in the liver, called de novo lipogenesis (DNL), which is mediated by the enzyme fatty acid synthase (FASN). The composition of complex lipids consists of saturated or monosaturated fatty acids, which can be endogenously produced, and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), which are strictly dietary. Compositional differences between individuals are insufficiently understood and may influence the onset and progression of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. Here we show that DNL critically determines the use of dietary PUFA. A patient with a hypofunctional heterozygous de novo Arg2177Cys variant in FASN exhibited an elevated composition of PUFA, which was phenocopied by pharmacological inhibition of FASN with TVB-2640 in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). In mice, the incorporation rate of supplemented omega-3 PUFA during an obesogenic diet was increased by genetic or pharmacologic reduction of DNL. Mechanistically, we show that the FASN variant exhibited a cysteine-dependent, non-enzymatic acetylation of FASN, which resulted in hyperubiquitinylation and decreased protein stability. The study reveals that PUFA storage is an active, enzymatic process controlled by FASN, DGAT2 and MFSD2A and that combining FASN inhibition and PUFA supplementation exerts additive beneficial metabolic effects. These findings provide evidence that the success of PUFA supplementation may depend on the rate of endogenous DNL and that combined PUFA supplementation and FASN inhibition may be a promising approach in metabolic disease.
A pilot, prospective, randomized trial of IntuBrite® versus Macintosh direct laryngoscopy for paramedic endotracheal intubation in out of hospital cardiac arrest
Authors: Kluj Przemyslaw , Fedorczak Michal , Gaszynski Tomasz , Ratajczyk Pawel 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Intubation in the case of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is one of the most difficult procedures for Emergency Medical Services (EMS). The use of a laryngoscope with a dual light source is an interesting alternative to classic laryngoscopes. However, there are as yet no prospective data concerning the use of double light direct laryngoscopy (DL) by paramedics in traditional ground ambulance agencies in OHCA.
Methods
We performed a randomized, cross-over, non-blinded trial in a single EMS in Poland within a group of 34 ground ambulances crews, comparing time and first pass success (FPS) for endotracheal intubation (ETI) in DL using the IntuBrite® (INT) and Macintosh laryngoscope (MCL) during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). We collected both patient and provider demographic information along with intubation details. The time and success rates were compared using an intention-to-treat analysis.
Results
Over a period of 40 months, a total of 86 intubations were performed using 42 INT and 44 MCL based on an intention-to-treat analysis. The FPS time of the ETI attempt (13.49 vs 15.55 seconds) using an INT which was shorter than MCL was used (p<0.05). First attempt success (34/42, 80.9% vs 29/44, 64.4%) was higher for INT than MCL but with no statistical significance.
Conclusions
We found a statistically significant difference in intubation attempt time when the INT laryngoscope was used. Intubation with INT higher first attempt success rates as compared to MCL with no statistical significance during CPR by paramedics.
A network Meta-analysis of arthroscopic rotator cuff repair
Authors: You Tianshu , Wu Siyu , Ou Xiaolan , Liu Ying , Wang Xu 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Objective Rotator cuff tear is a common shoulder injury that often leads to serious limitations in daily life. Herein, a network Meta-analysis using frequency theory was performed to evaluate the clinical outcomes of five rotator cuff repair techniques, including single-row repair, double-row repair, suture bridge repair, platelet-rich plasma therapy, and bone marrow stimulation, thus guiding clinical decision-making on rotator cuff repair. Methods PubMed, EMbase, The Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were searched for randomized controlled trials and cohort studies comparing rotator cuff repair techniques published from inception to May 2022. Combined analysis and quality assessment were performed using software STATA15.1 and Review Manager5.3. Results A total of 51 articles were finally included, including 27 randomized controlled trials and 24 cohort studies. Results from the network Meta-analysis showed that: (1) In terms of the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score, platelet-rich plasma therapy, double-row repair, bone marrow stimulation, and single-row repair were significantly better than suture bridge repair. (2) In terms of Constant score, bone marrow stimulation was significantly better than double-row repair, single-row repair, and suture bridge repair. (3) In terms of visual analog scale score, platelet-rich plasma therapy was significantly better than double-row repair and suture bridge repair. (4) In terms of the Shoulder Rating Scale of the University of California at Los Angeles score, platelet-rich plasma therapy and double-row repair were relatively better but not significantly different from the other treatments. (5) In terms of the risk of re-tear, the re-tear rate of platelet-rich plasma therapy and double-row repair was significantly lower than that of single-row repair and suture bridge repair. Conclusion Based on the results of network Meta-analysis and surface under the cumulative ranking, platelet-rich plasma therapy, bone marrow stimulation, and double-row repair have good overall rehabilitation effects. It is recommended to choose appropriate repair techniques as per the actual clinical situation.
The association between rs4994 polymorphism of the Beta3-Adrenergic Receptor with obesity in Vietnamese preschool-age children, independently of eating behaviors
Authors: Nguyen Thi Hong Hanh , Do Thi Nhu Trang , Nguyen Thi Trung Thu , Le Thi Tuyet 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background: The Beta-3 adrenergic receptor (ADRB3) gene codes for the β3 adrenergic receptor involved in control of energy balance by altering lipolysis and thermogenesis in adipocytes. A missense mutation in codon 64 of this gene caused the replacement Trp with Arg (Trp64Arg/rs4994). A cross-sectional study was performed with the joining of 708 non-obese children and 304 obese children in Hanoi. The objective of our study was to find out the association between rs4994 polymorphism of ADRB3 and obesity in Hanoi preschool-age children, considering their eating behaviors.
Results: The frequency of C allele in obese group was 16.4%, higher than that in the control group (11.7%, p = 0.003). After conducting univariate analysis, and multivariate analysis adjusted for eating behaviors, a significant association between rs4994 polymorphism and obesity was observed (p < 0.05).
Conclusions: This study indicated that ADRB3-rs4994 polymorphism can be considered as an independent risk factor for obesity in Vietnamese preschool children.
Barriers and facilitators to implementing Advanced HIV Disease screening at secondary referral hospital -Malawi: Asequential exploratory mixed method-study
Authors: Mithi Brany , Bula Agatha , Kapanda Lester , Ngwalangwa Fatsani , Sambala Evanson Z 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Malawi continues to register increased HIV/AIDs mortality despite increased expansion of ART services. One of the strategies for reducing AIDS related deaths outlined in the Malawi National HIV Strategic Plan (NSP) is scaling up screening for AHD in all antiretroviral therapy (ART) screening sites. This study investigated factors influencing the implementation of the advanced HIV disease (AHD) screening package at Rumphi District Hospital, Malawi.
Methods
We conducted a mixed method, sequential exploratory study from March, 2022 to July, 2022. The study was guided by a consolidated framework of implementation research (CFIR). Interviews were administered to key healthcare providers, purposively selected from various hospital departments. Transcripts were organized and coded using NVivo 12 software with thematically predefined CFIR constructs. Newly HIV-positive client records extracted from ART cards (July –Dec, 2021) were analyzed using STATA 14 which generated table of proportions, means and standard deviations.
Results
Out of 101 data records of the new ART clients reviewed, 60% {(n = 61) had no documented results for CD4 Cell count as a baseline screening test for AHD. Four major themes emerged as barriers: complexity of the intervention, poor work coordination, limited resources to support the expansion of point of care services for AHD, knowledge and information gap among providers. Technical support from MoH implementing partners and the availability of committed focal leaders coordinating HIV programs emerged as major facilitators of AHD screening package.
Conclusion
The study has identified major contextual barriers to AHD screening affecting work coordination and client linkage to care. Improving coverage of AHD screening services would therefore require overcoming the existing barriers such communication and information gaps.
Whole genome sequencing revealed a high level of antimicrobial resistance genes and virulence factors in a multidrug-resistant Citrobacter freundii BAU_TM8 strain isolated from a domesticated duck in Bangladesh
Authors: Ahmed Tarana , Islam Md. Saiful , Haider Najmul , Tonge Daniel , Hasan Badrul , Nuruzzaman Mohammad , Sadekuzzaman Mohammad , Kabir S. M. Lutful , Rahman Md. Tanvir , Khan Md. Shahidur Rahman 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Citrobacter freundii is a prevalent source of nosocomial infections and a well-known cause of diarrheal diseases, and in recent years, it has also become increasingly resistant to a variety of antimicrobials. In this study, we screened and characterized a multidrug-resistant (MDR) C. freundii isolate obtained from a domesticated diseased duck to better understand the genetic variety, molecular epidemiology, and underlying factors linked to the antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) and virulence factor genes (VFGs) of the isolate. The C. freundii BAU_TM8 strain was isolated using culturing, staining, biochemical, polymerase chain reaction, and Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight methods. The MDR properties of the strain were determined by a disk diffusion test. The complete genomic sequence of C. freundii BAU_TM8 was performed using the Illumina NextSeq2000 platform. The ARGs, VFGs, and genomic functional characteristics of the C. freundii BAU_TM8 strain were identified using several open-source databases. The sequence types of this strain was ST669, and the pathogenicity index of the strain was 0.919, indicating a highly virulent strain. Using phylogenetic analysis, this strain was closely related to two strains isolated from human and environmental samples in the USA and China, despite huge geographical distance. The C. freundii BAU_TM8 strain consisted of 40 AGRs encoding resistance to 19 antimicrobial categories, showing about 85% similarity with the phenotypic properties of the isolate. Moreover, the virulence factor database detected 66 VFGs in this strain. This strain contained 1581 subsystems, having 33% subsystem coverage and 2275 genes encoding amino acid derivatives, carbohydrate metabolism, protein metabolism, cofactors, vitamins, prosthetic groups, pigments, respiration, motility and chemotaxis, stress response, DNA metabolism, nucleosides and nucleotides, and others. The ubiquitous occurrence of ARGs and VFGs in the C. freundii BAU_TM8 strain detected in this study highlights the growing concern of antimicrobial resistance in humans, animals, and environments.
Low doses of lipopolysaccharide cause chronic inflammation in mice with chronic lung injury: specific roles for AMPK α2 knockout
Authors: Wan Binbin , Ning Yuyang , Zhang Yue , Yuan Yuting , Wu Ninghua , Liu Chao , Chen Qingjie 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Chronic inflammation leads to the activation of inflammatory signaling pathways, cause a long-term vicious cycle of inflammation. It exacerbates tissue and cellular damage in the body, especially in the lungs. Long-term treatment of Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) can cause this systemic chronic inflammation. It was recently proposed that 5’-AMP-activated kinase (AMPK), as an energy sensor, which regulates metabolic pathways and the response to cell stress. AMPK consists of three subunits containing α, β and γ subunits. Rare reports have been made regarding the role of AMPK α2 as a catalytic subunit of AMPK in lung injury caused by LPS.
Methods
Experimental validation was performed using mouse lung sections. HE staining was used to detect pathological and microstructural changes. Western blot, immunofluorescence, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to evaluate protein expression.
Results
The structural alterations of the lung tissue in the AMPK α2 knockout group were noticeably better than those in the LPS group. IL-1, IL-6, IL-18, and TNF-α were all significantly lowered as well. Additionally, after AMPK α2 knockout, M-CSF, a marker of macrophage differentiation, was remarkable decreased. The relative levels of M2 type macrophage were significantly increased.
Conclusion
The results showed that AMPK α2 knockout reduces chronic inflammatory damage in the lung caused by LPS. This effect may be achieved by promoting macrophage differentiation into M2 type.
Prevalence of hyperuricemia, associated factors and its effect on risk of coronary artery disease among out-patients with Diabetes Mellitus in Uganda
Authors: Onchoke Verah Bella , Banturaki Amon , Onyanga Nixson , Nganda Ponsiano , Munyambalu Dalton Kambale , Lagoro Charles Abonga , Oling Grace Akumu , Muhumuza Joshua 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: The burden of diabetes mellitus (DM) is on the rise in low-income countries and many countries in sub-Saharan Africa are experiencing an epidemic of diabetic complications. Patients who suffer from DM with hyperuricemia have a significantly increased risk of diabetic complications. There is paucity of data on the burden of hyperuricemia in Uganda. This study was aimed at determining the prevalence of hyperuricemia, its associated factors, and its effect on the risk of coronary artery disease among out-patients with Diabetes Mellitus in Uganda.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Fort Portal Regional Referral Hospital between May and August 2022 which recruited diabetic participants. A questionnaire was used to obtain patient data. Laboratory investigations were done including serum uric acid levels. SPSS version 22.0 was used to analyze the data.
Results: Of the 210 participants, the majority were female (61.4 %) with a mean age of 55.34(12.36) years. The prevalence of hyperuricemia was 38.57%. The factors that were independently associated with hyperuricemia were: the presence of systolic hypertension (p=0.047), use of furosemide (p=0.003), alcohol intake (p=0.014), impaired estimated glomerular filtration rate (p<0.001) and abnormal total cholesterol (p<0.001). There was a significant positive moderately strong correlation between uric acid levels and the Framingham risk score (FRS) (p=<0.001).
Conclusion: Regular screening for uric acid levels in diabetic patients should be done to improve health outcomes through early diagnosis and treatment. Diabetic patients should also be educated on the effect of alcohol intake and advised on cessation.
Professional socialisation in the clinical training environment of anaesthetic technicians’: A qualitative study
Authors: Smith Mike , Hunter Inga 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: Professional socialisation is important for developing professional identity among newly graduated health professionals. Benefits extend tojob satisfaction, work engagement, internal motivation, adjustment to professional roles, social acceptance, and a sense of belonging. The clinical environment plays an important role in determining positive or negative professional socialisation experiences. In New Zealand, the education programme for anaesthetic technicians (ATs) is transitioning from an apprenticeship model to a three-year Bachelor of Health Science. As both models include a significant element of clinical exposure, it is important that we understand what influences the professional socialisation experience. There is a lack of studies focused on professional socialisation with AT education. Therefore, this study explored the experiences of recent graduate ATs in the clinical environment to inform the ongoing development of the training programme.
Methods: This study used a qualitative, descriptive methodology. Five ATs were recruited in using purposive sampling in New Zealand during October 2020. All had graduated within the past 3 years. Semi-structured individual interviews explored participants’ interpretations of their professional socialisation experiences in the clinical environment. Data were analysed using standard qualitative analysis.
Results: Three main themes and eight subthemes emerged from the interviews: learning to behave (professionally and by following role models); learning to survive (in a hierarchical environment, with a derogatory view of being invisible, with a lost voice striving for acceptance and by conforming); and learning to thrive (with support from the professional ‘family’ and by learning about each other).
Conclusions: The findings suggest that ATs’ professional socialisation occurs in a challenging clinical context with competing professional identities and encompasses positive and negative learning experiences. In this environment, ATs’ student status may be perceived as weak and predispose them to conforming to survive. Academic and clinical education facilitators should be aware of the need to advocate for positive professional socialisation experiences. It is also important to enable an inter-professional identity to emerge to promote collaboration among future health professionals.
The effect of two different layer heights on the accuracy of 3-D Printed Orthodontic Models
Authors: Shendy Kareem , Fotouh Mona Abou El , Abbas Sharaf Eldeen , Sadat Shaimaa Abu El 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: Additive manufacturing is widely used in the dental field. The accuracy of the printed object produced by additive manufacturer is considered questionable based on the printer’s type, resolution, and the layer height. This study aimed to assess the accuracy of the 3D printed model by DLP technology at 50-µm and 100-µm layer height
Methodology: A desktop scanner, R700 desktop scanner (3Shape, Copenhagen, Denmark) was used to scan an orthodontic typo-dent cast to acquire digital scans. A total number of (20) models were printed using a Digital Light Processing 3D printer and divided into two separate group. The 1st group (n=10) and the 2nd (n=10) groups were printed at 50-μm and 100-μm layer heights respectively. All printed models were digitally scanned. Assessment was performed using the GOM Inspect suite to register both the reference and 3D printed digital models to detect the deviation in both X, Y, and Z axes.
Results: In the molar area, 50-µm layer thickness showed statistically significant difference in the right side when compared with 100-µm while the left side showed no difference. In the premolar region, there was no statistically significant differences between both groups in the right side except for the z-axis. The canine area demonstrated that the 50-µm layer height was statistically significant lower in deviation than 100-µm group in all directions. There was a strong agreement between both observers that was statistically significant (ICC=0.965, 95%CI= (0.958:0.971), p<0.001).
Conclusion: Within the limitations of the study and the type and the parameters of the DLP printer used, the results of our research as a whole show that models printed at 50-μm display lower deviations in X, Y, and Z axes with a more consistent distortion pattern when compared to 100-μm models. Besides, the ideal thickness for high precision requirements is 50 µm, whereas, 100-μm could be used in printing diagnostic models.