bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Power Ball Exercises in Addition to Routine Physical Therapy on Pain, Grip Strength and Functional Disability in Patients with Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Authors: Rasool Jahanzaib , Akram Sana , Jamil Ayesha , Tauseef Mahroze , Ilyas Ahsan 
Published: May 2023

Background: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a common entrapment neuropathy that often presents with pain, numbness, tingling, and weakness in the hand and arm. Delayed treatment in CTS may worsen the symptoms and progresses to permanent sensory loss and thenar paralysis in some cases.
Objective: To determine the comparative effects of power ball exercises & strength training on pain, grip strength and functional disability in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome.
Methodology: This randomized clinical trial was conducted from December 2021 to May 2022 at Badar Medical Complex on 86 patients that were recruited through purposive sampling technique. Group A received routine physical therapy only while Group B received Power Ball Exercise and routine physical therapy. Participants of both gender with aged 45-60 years, clinically diagnosed CTS with duration of more than two months, tingling sensation and numbness over the dorsum surface of thumb, index, middle, and lateral 1/3rd of ring fingers and positive Tinel’s sign with Phalen’s Maneuver were included in the study. Pain, grip strength and functional status were the outcome measures, observed through Numeric Pain Rating Scale, Hand Held Dynamometer and Boston Carpel Tunnel Syndrome Questionnaire at baseline, 2nd and 4th week. Independent t-test and mixed design ANOVA were used for between and within-group differences respectively.
Results: The results showed significant between-group difference in pain, and functional disability (p<0.05). However, no significant difference was observed for grip strength. Within-group difference was found significant in both group A and group B for all variables (p<0.05).
Conclusion: The addition of Power Ball Exercises with routine physical therapy is more effective in reducing pain, and functional disability in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome than physical therapy alone.
Analysis of Science Laboratory Readiness for Science Learning at SMP Muhammadiyah Waipare
Authors: Badhe Klemensia , Sani Yulimira Safriati.Y.M , Fitriah Fitriah 
Published: May 2023

This study aims to determine: the readiness of the science laboratory to support science learning at SMP Muhammadiyah Waipare. The formulation of the problem in this study is. Readiness of science laboratories in supporting science learning at SMP Muhammadiyah Waipare and what factors influence the utilization of science laboratories at SMP Muhammadiyah Waipare. The purpose of this study was to determine the readiness of science laboratories for science learning at SMP Muhammadiyah Waipare. This type of research is descriptive qualitative research. The data sources in this study consist of primary data sources and secondary data sources. Primary data sources are the main data obtained directly from research subjects, namely teachers, laboratory heads, and also students. Secondary data is data that is supportive in research in the form of documentation, archives from the school and related records from the school. Data collection techniques used in this study were interviews, observation, documentation and questionnaires. The data were analyzed using descriptive descriptions. Based on the results of the research, it was concluded: Readiness of the Science Laboratory for Science Learning at SMP Muhammadiyah Waipare is used as a place to carry out practicum, a place to prepare tools and materials, and is also replaced with a room for learning. The Readiness of the Science Laboratory for Science Learning at SMP Muhammadiyah Waipare is good in terms of the facilities and infrastructure available at SMP Muhammadiyah Waipare. The design of the Science Laboratory is considered good, because it already has a practicum room
Social Ecological Diversity and Traditional Food Systems
Authors: Singh Ranjay , Turner Nancy J. 
Published: May 2023

This book draws on world-wide experiences and valuable lessons to highlight community-ecosystem interactions and the role of traditional knowledge in sustaining biocultural resources through community-based adaptations. The book targets different iences including researchers working on human-environment interactions and climate adaptation practices, biodiversity conservators, non-government organizations and policy makers involved in revitalizing traditional foods and community-based conservation and adaptation in diverse ecosystems. This volume is also a source book for educators advocating for and collaborating with indigenous and local peoples to promote location-specific adaptations to overcome the impacts of multiple biotic and abiotic stresses.
Renewable Energy Sources for Sustainable Development
Authors: Rathore N.S. 
Published: May 2023

There is perfect relationship between energy, ecology and environment. If a proper balance is maintained among these three aspects than sustainable development for the welfare of human beings is obtained. This book has been written with a view to draw attention for integration of renewable energy in all sectors for sustainable development. The aim of this book is to examine the range of views related to renewable energy sources for sustainable and their implications. The authors have simplified and clarified renewable energy technologies and new theories for a sustainable development. Sustainable development has been characterized by an emphasis on environmental issues and its inter-relationship with renewable energy sources. In present context there is a need to develop an approach to structure the subject which hinders the development of knowledge in a systematic way. The built environment contributes significantly to the society and thus development in holistic manner. Integration of renewable energy sources is one of the major factors in determining whether a community is sustainable in the longer term or not. In this book, emphasis has been made on various aspects of energy planning such as energy assessment, energy integration, energy forecasting, energy modeling, computer modeling and techno-economic analysis of different conventional as well as non-conventional renewable energy sources. Much of the information presented in this book is basically to acquire an understanding of the integrated energy planning, its design, development, implementation, monitoring and feedback evaluation. This book will be useful for those involved in energy activities and planning.
Recycling of Industrial Effluents
Authors: Manivanan R. 
Published: May 2023

Increase in the population has led to rapid industrialization, thus leading to pollution at all levels. With industries of various types discharging their all types of effluents in various sources of water, a constant need has been felt for recycling of these effluents, before discharging them in to these sources. The book makes an attempt to equip it’s readers with each and every aspect of recycling of industrial effluents. The entire book provides adequate information from the very basics to various types of recycling techniques.
Soil Conservation: Fully Revised and Updated: 3Rd Ed.
Authors: Hudson Norman 
Published: May 2023

SOIL CONSERVATION IS A KEY TEXT NOT ONLY FOR TH AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERS, BUT ALSO FOR STUDENTS FOR AGRICULTURE, FORESTRY, GEOGRAPHY, GEOLOGY AND ECOLOGY-INDEED ALL THOSE CONCERNED WITH SOIL EROSION. THIS NEW AND FULLY REVISED EDITION OF THE NORMAN HUDSON STANDARD BOOK: 01. GIVES INFORMATION ON RECENT ADVANCES, INCLUDING THE GREATER EMPHASIS ON SOUND LAND USE AND FARMINGMETHODS, THE IMPORTANCE OF INVOLVING THE FARMER AT ALL STAGES, THE NEED FOR LOW-COST, LOW LABOUR METHODS. 02. SHOWS HOW RESEARCH, THEORY AND PRACTICE CAN BE APPLIED IN THE DEVELOPING COUNTRIES LIKE INDIA 03. PRESENTS THE ENGINEERING APPROACH TO SOIL CONSERVATION IN A SINGLE COMMON SENSE WAY. THE TEXT REFELECTS THE COURSE IN SOIL SCIENCES AND AGRONOMY AS TAUGHT TO STUDENTS OF VARIOUS INDIAN UNIVERSITIES. THE RESULTIS A TEACHING TEST WHICH WILL BE OF USE TO ALL COUNTRIES WHERE SOIL CONSERVATION IS A MAJOR CONSIDERATON TO AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT.
Stilladsering af logbog som metode til reflekteret læring
Authors: Andersen Aida Hougaard 
Published: May 2023

Logbog som metode til understøttelse af refleksion kan være med til at bygge bro over kløften mellem teori og praksis som beskrevet af bl.a. nyuddannede psykologer. Studiet undersøger betydningen for de studerendes læringsoplevelse af stilladsering af logbogsmetoden gennem organiserede refleksionsøvelser og feedback i et praksisfællesskab.
Skriftlige og mundtlige evalueringer blandt 30 kandidatstuderende på psykologi samt beskrivelser af egen læring i eksamensopgaverne danner sammen med en fokusgruppe datamaterialet for analysen.
Undersøgelsen viste, at refleksionsøvelserne uddybede og forankrede de studerendes læringsoplevelse og bidrog som et direkte afsæt til logbogsskrivningen. Peer-feedback bidrog til inspiration og fortrolighed med logbogsmetoden via aktiv deltagelse i praksisfællesskabet. Indsatsen ved logbogsskrivningen undervejs i faget mindskede generelt fokus på eksamensopgaven som præstation og tydeliggjorde læringsprocessen samt fokus på at studere. Via organisering af refleksioner i et praksisfællesskab samt peer-feedback fremmer logbogen som metode og eksamensform de psykologistuderendes læring og understøtter relationen mellem akademisk teori og psykologfaglig praksis.
An Investigation on Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles
Authors: Alam Md. Ashraful , Munni Salma Akter , Mostafa Sabrina , Bishwas Raton Kumar , Jahan Shirin Akter 
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Nano science and nano biotechnology provided enormous opportunities for exploring the bactericidal and fungicidal activities. Since ancient times, silver was known for its anti-bacterial effects and for centuries it has been used for prevention and control of disparate infections. On the effective use silver nanomaterials synthesized and characterized play a vital role of the modern science.
Aims: Our goal is to prepare silver nanomaterials since studies have shown that silver nanoparticles have efficient activity against bacterial biofilms.
Methodology: The silver nanoparticles were generally synthesized by non-aqueous sol-gel technique in the presence of different precursor by chelating agent.
Results: Here found a cubic unit cell with miller indices (111) (200) (220) (311) (222) and crystallite size around 50.00nm by XRD. The morphology of the prepared nano particles has been revealed by SEM below 10.00 nm and TEM is below 5.00nm in size of graphical presentation such as size, shape, surface etc. of the nanoparticles. DLS is a unique technique to discern particle size around 65.00nm and size distributions in aqueous or physiological solutions of the nanoparticles.
Conclusion: The studies on the combined synthesized and use of AgNPs with other antimicrobial agents generally help reduce the problem of toxicity and to avoid the potential for development of resistance and strongly enhance the microbicidal effect. This paper describes a short and very precise description about the chemical synthesis process of silver nanoparticles like no aqueous SGM. Also, this paper contains a brief description about different characterization technique of nanoparticles like X-ray Diffraction review the shape of crystal a cubic unit cell with miller indices (111) (200) (220) (311) (222) where crystallite size around 50.00nm, the morphology of the prepared nanoparticles has been revealed with size 10.00nm by SEM, Dynamic Light Scattering discern particle size around 65.00nm and Transmission Electron Microscope review the spherical shape of the nanomaterials. Further investigation will be continuing the antimicrobial activity test of AgNPs with ceramic coating.
Biomimetic and Biophilic Design of Multifunctional Symbiotic Lichen–Schwarz Metamaterial
Authors: Saatchi Daniel , Oh Saewoong , Oh Il‐Kwon 
Published: May 2023

AbstractNoise and environmental problems are significant issues that affect human beings through the triggering of various stressors, including biological, chemical, physical, and psychological stressors. To address these issues, it is essential to develop environmentally friendly strategies, particularly in the field of materials manufacturing. This study presents a novel biomimetic and biophilic design of a lichen–Schwarz metamaterial (SLSM) that achieves multifunctional properties in noise attenuation and humidity control. The SLSM achieves acoustic and air humidifying multi‐functions symbiotically through the use of triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) and naturally occurring organic lichen. To attain partial or complete sound‐blocking capabilities at specific frequencies, a Schwarz meta‐symbiont in SLSM requires a parametric design of unit cell characteristics prior to 3D printing. The SLSM structure mimics a biomimetic shell and meta‐symbiotic exoskeleton that safeguards the inner symbiont lichen by transitioning it from a dry and brittle state to a hydrated and flexible state during humidity control. The symbiotic lichen in SLSM offers superior sound attenuation across a broader frequency range and adds a unique function of humidity control, which is essential for sustainable architecture and multifunctional furniture in the forthcoming era of buildings.
Exciton Formation Dynamics and Band‐Like Free Charge‐Carrier Transport in 2D Metal Halide Perovskite Semiconductors
Authors: Motti Silvia G. , Kober‐Czerny Manuel , Righetto Marcello , Holzhey Philippe , Smith Joel , Kraus Hans , Snaith Henry J. , Johnston Michael B. , Herz Laura M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMetal halide perovskite (MHP) semiconductors have driven a revolution in optoelectronic technologies over the last decade, in particular for high‐efficiency photovoltaic applications. Low‐dimensional MHPs presenting electronic confinement have promising additional prospects in light emission and quantum technologies. However, the optimisation of such applications requires a comprehensive understanding of the nature of charge carriers and their transport mechanisms. This study employs a combination of ultrafast optical and terahertz spectroscopy to investigate phonon energies, charge‐carrier mobilities, and exciton formation in 2D (PEA)2PbI4 and (BA)2PbI4 (where PEA is phenylethylammonium and BA is butylammonium). Temperature‐dependent measurements of free charge‐carrier mobilities reveal band transport in these strongly confined semiconductors, with surprisingly high in‐plane mobilities. Enhanced charge‐phonon coupling is shown to reduce charge‐carrier mobilities in (BA)2PbI4 with respect to (PEA)2PbI4. Exciton and free charge‐carrier dynamics are disentangled by simultaneous monitoring of transient absorption and THz photoconductivity. A sustained free charge‐carrier population is observed, surpassing the Saha equation predictions even at low temperature. These findings provide new insights into the temperature‐dependent interplay of exciton and free‐carrier populations in 2D MHPs. Furthermore, such sustained free charge‐carrier population and high mobilities demonstrate the potential of these semiconductors for applications such as solar cells, transistors, and electrically driven light sources.
In‐Drop Thermal Cycling of Microcrystal Assembly for Senescence Control with Minimal Variation in Efficacy
Authors: Miller Ryan C. , Lee Jonghwi , Kim Young Jun , Han Hee‐Sun , Kong Hyunjoon 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe secretome from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have recently gained attention for new therapeutics. However, clinical application requires in vitro cell manufacturing to attain enough cells. Unfortunately, this process often drives MSCs into a senescent state that drastically changes cellular secretion activities. Antioxidants are used to reverse and prevent the propagation of senescence; however, their activity is short‐lived. Polymer‐stabilized crystallization of antioxidants has been shown to improve bioactivity, but the broad crystal size distribution (CSD) significantly increases the efficacy variation. Efforts are made to crystalize drugs in microdroplets to narrow the CSD, but the fraction of drops containing at least one crystal can be as low as 20%. To this end, this study demonstrates that in‐drop thermal cycling of hyaluronic acid‐modified antioxidant crystals, named microcrystal assembly for senescence control (MASC), can drive the fraction of microdrops containing crystals to >86% while achieving significantly narrower CSDs (13 ± 3 µm) than in bulk (35 ± 11 µm). Therefore, this approach considerably improves the practicality of CSD‐control in drops. In addition to exhibiting uniform release, MASC made with antioxidizing N‐acetylcysteine extends the release time by 40%. MASC further improves the restoration of reactive oxygen species homeostasis in MSCs, thus minimizing cellular senescence and preserving desired secretion activities. It is proposed that MASC is broadly useful to controlling senescence of a wide array of therapeutic cells during biomanufacturing.
Optically‐Boosted Planar IBC Solar Cells with Electrically‐Harmless Photonic Nanocoatings
Authors: Santos Ivan M. , Alexandre Miguel , Mihailetchi Valentin D. , Silva José A. , Mateus Tiago , Mouquinho Ana , Boane Jenny , Vicente António T. , Nunes Daniela , Menda Ugur D. , Águas Hugo , Fortunato Elvira , Martins Rodrigo , Mendes Manuel J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAdvanced light management via front‐coated photonic nanostructures is a promising strategy to enhance photovoltaic (PV) efficiency through wave‐optical light‐trapping (LT) effects, avoiding the conventional texturing processes that induce the degradation of electrical performance due to increased carrier recombination. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) honeycomb arrays with different geometry are engineered through a highly‐scalable colloidal lithography method on flat crystalline silicon (c‐Si) wafers and tested on standard planar c‐Si interdigitated back‐contact solar cells (pIBCSCs). The photonic‐structured wafers achieve an optical photocurrent of 36.6 mA cm−2, mainly due to a broad anti‐reflection effect from the 693 nm thick nanostructured coatings. In contrast, the pIBCSC test devices reach 14% efficiency with 679 nm thick TiO2 nanostructures, corresponding to a ≈30% efficiency gain relative to uncoated pIBCSCs. In addition, several designed structures show unmatched angular acceptance enhancements in efficiency (up to 63% gain) and photocurrent density (up to 68% gain). The high‐performing (yet electrically harmless) LT scheme, here presented, entails an up‐and‐coming alternative to conventional texturing for c‐Si technological improvement that can be straightforwardly integrated into the established PV industry.
Microenvironment Restruction of Emerging 2D Materials and their Roles in Therapeutic and Diagnostic Nano‐Bio‐Platforms
Authors: Li Qian , Wu Xizheng , Mu Shengdong , He Chao , Ren Xiancheng , Luo Xianglin , Adeli Mohsen , Han Xianglong , Ma Lang , Cheng Chong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractEngineering advanced therapeutic and diagnostic nano‐bio‐platforms (NBPFs) have emerged as rapidly‐developed pathways against a wide range of challenges in antitumor, antipathogen, tissue regeneration, bioimaging, and biosensing applications. Emerged 2D materials have attracted extensive scientific interest as fundamental building blocks or nanostructures among material scientists, chemists, biologists, and doctors due to their advantageous physicochemical and biological properties. This timely review provides a comprehensive summary of creating advanced NBPFs via emerging 2D materials (2D‐NBPFs) with unique insights into the corresponding molecularly restructured microenvironments and biofunctionalities. First, it is focused on an up‐to‐date overview of the synthetic strategies for designing 2D‐NBPFs with a cross‐comparison of their advantages and disadvantages. After that, the recent key achievements are summarized in tuning the biofunctionalities of 2D‐NBPFs via molecularly programmed microenvironments, including physiological stability, biocompatibility, bio‐adhesiveness, specific binding to pathogens, broad‐spectrum pathogen inhibitors, stimuli‐responsive systems, and enzyme‐mimetics. Moreover, the representative therapeutic and diagnostic applications of 2D‐NBPFs are also discussed with detailed disclosure of their critical design principles and parameters. Finally, current challenges and future research directions are also discussed. Overall, this review will provide cutting‐edge and multidisciplinary guidance for accelerating future developments and therapeutic/diagnostic applications of 2D‐NBPFs.
Approaching Microsized Alloy Anodes via Solid Electrolyte Interphase Design for Advanced Rechargeable Batteries
Authors: Tian Yuan , An Yongling , Zhang Biao 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMicrosized alloy anodes (Si, P, Sb, Sn, Bi, etc.) with high capacity, proper working potential, high tap density, and low cost are promising for breaking the energy limits of current rechargeable batteries. Nevertheless, they suffer from large volume changes during cycling processes, posing a great challenge in maintaining a thin, dense, and intact solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer. Recent progress suggests that the problematic SEI layer can be turned to advantage in maintaining the integrity of microparticle anodes if well designed, which is expected to significantly boost the cyclic stability without resorting to complex electrode architectures. Advances in this attractive direction are reviewed to shed light on future development. First, the key issues of high‐capacity microsized alloy anodes and the fundamentals of the SEI layer are discussed. Thereafter, progress on the regulation strategies of SEI layers in high‐capacity microsized alloy anodes for advanced rechargeable batteries, including electrolyte engineering, electrode surface modification, cycle protocols, and electrode architecture design, are outlined. Finally, potential challenges and perspectives on developing high‐quality SEI layers for microsized alloy anodes are proposed.
Versatile Self‐Assembled Molecule Enables High‐Efficiency Wide‐Bandgap Perovskite Solar Cells and Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Wang Wanhai , Liu Xin , Wang Juncheng , Chen Cong , Yu Jiangsheng , Zhao Dewei , Tang Weihua 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPerovskite solar cells (PSCs) and organic solar cells (OSCs) face device efficiency losses and instability challenges with existing hole transport materials (HTMs). The development of new universal HTMs is in great demand to promote their practical applications. Herein, a versatile self‐assembled molecule (SAM) based HTM is designed for record‐high efficiency wide‐bandgap (WBG, Eg >1.75 eV) PSCs, all‐perovskite tandem solar cells (TSCs) and OSCs. The SAM exhibits high transmission and a lower‐lying energy level, enabling enhanced interfacial charge transfer and suppressed non‐radiative recombination losses. SAM based WBG PSCs deliver a maximum power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 18.63% with over 90% efficiency retention after 250 h continuous work. By stacking the optimal WBG PSC and a narrow‐bandgap PSC bottom cell, the 4‐terminal all‐perovskite TSC achieves a remarkable 26.24% PCE. More importantly, this SAM based HTM exhibits impressive generality in bulk heterojunction OSCs rivalling PEDOT:PSS, with an impressive PCE of 18.84% obtained for PM6:BTP‐eC9 based devices. When scaling up the PM6:BTP‐eC9 device to 0.5 cm2 in area (0.71 cm × 0.71 cm), the SAM based OSCs afford a highest PCE of 16.33%. This work provides a perspective for the design of universal SAM based charge transport materials targeting PSCs and OSCs for facile large‐area fabrication.