bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physics Beyond the Standard Model with Future X-Ray Observatories: Projected Constraints on Very-light Axion-like Particles with Athena and AXIS
Authors: Sisk-Reynés Júlia , Reynolds Christopher S. , Parker Michael L. , Matthews James H. , Marsh M. C. David 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Axion-like particles (ALPs) are well-motivated extensions of the Standard Model of Particle Physics and a generic prediction of some string theories. X-ray observations of bright active galactic nuclei (AGNs) hosted by rich clusters of galaxies are excellent probes of very-light ALPs, with masses

log
(

m

a

/

eV
)
<
−
12.0

. We evaluate the potential of future X-ray observatories, particularly Athena and the proposed AXIS, to constrain ALPs via observations of cluster-hosted AGNs, taking NGC 1275 in the Perseus cluster as our exemplar. Assuming perfect knowledge of the instrument calibration, we show that a modest exposure (200 ks) of NGC 1275 by Athena permits us to exclude all photon–ALP couplings g
aγ
> 6.3 × 10−14 GeV−1 at the 95% confidence level, as previously shown by Conlon et al., representing a factor of 10 improvement over current limits. We then proceed to assess the impact of realistic calibration uncertainties on the Athena projection by applying a standard Cash likelihood procedure, showing the projected constraints on g
aγ
weaken by a factor of 10 (back to the current most sensitive constraints). However, we show how the use of a deep neural network can disentangle the energy-dependent features induced by instrumental miscalibration and those induced by photon–ALP mixing, allowing us to recover most of the sensitivity to the ALP physics. In our explicit demonstration, the machine learning applied allows us to exclude g
aγ
> 2.0 × 10−13 GeV−1, complementing the projected constraints of next-generation ALP dark matter birefringent cavity searches for very-light ALPs. Finally, we show that a 200 ks AXIS/on-axis observation of NGC 1275 will tighten the current best constraints on very-light ALPs by a factor of 3.
Chemical Differentiation around Five Massive Protostars Revealed by ALMA: Carbon-chain Species and Oxygen/Nitrogen-bearing Complex Organic Molecules
Authors: Taniguchi Kotomi , Majumdar Liton , Caselli Paola , Takakuwa Shigehisa , Hsieh Tien-Hao , Saito Masao , Li Zhi-Yun , Dobashi Kazuhito , Shimoikura Tomomi , Nakamura Fumitaka , Tan Jonathan C. , Herbst Eric 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
We present Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array Band 3 data toward five massive young stellar objects (MYSOs), and investigate relationships between unsaturated carbon-chain species and saturated complex organic molecules (COMs). An HC5N (J = 35–34) line has been detected from three MYSOs, where nitrogen (N)-bearing COMs (CH2CHCN and CH3CH2CN) have been detected. The HC5N spatial distributions show compact features and match with a methanol (CH3OH) line with an upper-state energy around 300 K, which should trace hot cores. The hot regions are more extended around the MYSOs where N-bearing COMs and HC5N have been detected compared to two MYSOs without these molecular lines, while there are no clear differences in the bolometric luminosity and temperature. We run chemical simulations of hot-core models with a warm-up stage, and compare with the observational results. The observed abundances of HC5N and COMs show good agreements with the model at the hot-core stage with temperatures above 160 K. These results indicate that carbon-chain chemistry around the MYSOs cannot be reproduced by warm carbon-chain chemistry, and a new type of carbon-chain chemistry occurs in hot regions around MYSOs.
L’évolution de la responsabilité élargie du producteur : de la fin de vie des produits à l’économie circulaire
Authors: Micheaux Helen 
Published: June 2023

Le principe de Responsabilité Élargie du Producteur (REP) a émergé dans les années 1990 dans un contexte où la quantité de déchets a explosé et où les collectivités, jusque-là en charge de leur gestion, se sont vu dépassées par cette masse ainsi que par la complexité croissante de certains déchets à traiter. En réponse, la REP est un mode d’action qui vise à faire assumer par les producteurs la responsabilité du traitement ou l’élimination des produits en aval de la consommation. Un double objectif est visé : d’une part, il s’agissait de répondre au souci de financement de la gestion de la fin de vie de certains types de produits. D’autre part, en faisant contribuer financièrement les producteurs à cette gestion, il s’agissait de créer une incitation à concevoir les produits de manière à ce qu’ils soient plus facilement recyclables, c’est-à-dire à faire de l’éco-conception. Dans cet article, nous exposons la manière dont a été mis en place le principe de REP en France qui révèle un système de co-régulation entre acteurs publics et privés, articulant responsabilités collective et individuelle, et régulièrement révisé. Il s’agit alors de montrer comment le principe de REP a évolué au-delà des enjeux de la fin de vie des produits pour intégrer de plus en plus les enjeux de prévention et d’économie circulaire.
Burnout Prevalence in Special Education Teachers, and the Positive Role of ICTs
Authors: Stathopoulou Agathi , Spinou Despina , Driga Anna-Maria 
Published: June 2023

The aim of this study was to investigate special education teacher`s level of burnout. In particular, it sought to examine the role their personal characteristics play in the occurrence of the syndrome. A quantitative research design was used to describe the association between the variables The data was collected using the Maslach Burnout Inventory for Education (M.B.I.-E.S.) consisted of three dimensions: Emotional exhaustion, Depersonalization, and Personal accomplishment. The sample consisted of 202 Special Education (S.E) teachers who completed the M.B.I.-E.S. The results of this research showed that: a) the sample experiences burnout and special attention is required for the scale of emotional exhaustion b) age, school settings , specialty, and the total previous service with or without students with special educational needs (S.E.N.) were significantly correlated and affected burnout dimensions
Trauma-induced distress and behavioural problems among children and adolescents in Kashmir: a descriptive study
Authors: Dar D. R. , Lakshmana G. , Paul F. A. , Mahanta R. 
Published: June 2023

Background: Research show that the youth of Kashmir have mental health issues secondary to being exposed to political conflicts and violence. However, this area is under-researched among school children and adolescents living in this region.
Aims: The study aimed to examine and understand the psychological distress and behavioural problems among school children aged between 10 to 18 years living in conflict-affected areas in Kashmir, India.
Methods: A mixed model was used to collect the required data. Quantitative information was obtained using a semi-structured interview and the DASS- 21 questionnaire. The qualitative information was obtained by conducting interviews with randomly selected participants from the group.
Results: Of the 112 children and adolescents, 73.2% were males and 47.3% were from the age group of 10-12 years. Out of the total, 85.7%, 76.8%, and 54.9% had some level of depression, anxiety, and stress respectively as per the DASS- 21.
Conclusion: Trauma, and stress, increased the risk of depression, anxiety, and behavioural problems among children and adolescents in complex ways. Our findings highlight the importance of examining trauma and distress at early life cycle stages across age cohorts of children and adolescents in school populations.
Effectiveness of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG as an Adjunct in the Treatment of Enteric Fever in Children
Authors: Rajamanickam Ramya , Jayaraman Aparna , Sivathanu Shobhana 
Published: June 2023

Introduction:
A probiotic used as an adjunct in Salmonella typhi infection along with antibiotic is postulated to interfere with the virulence and growth of Salmonella. To determine the effectiveness of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG), as an adjunct with intravenous ceftriaxone, compared with a placebo in defervescence and toxemia resolution in children with enteric fever.

Settings and Design:
This hospital-based randomized double-blinded controlled trial was conducted among 56 study participants who were children below the age of 12 years, admitted as inpatients with fever and whose blood culture grew S. typhi.

Materials and Methods:
Study participants were equally allocated into intervention or control group by simple randomization. The intervention group received injection ceftriaxone and oral LGG (probiotic) for 7 days while the control group received an injection ceftriaxone and oral placebo for 7 days.

Statistical Analysis:
Kaplan–Meier curves and mantel cox log-rank test were used to compare the duration for defervescence and toxemia resolution after treatment initiation.

Results:
Mean duration for defervescence in the intervention and control groups was 3.87 (1.57) days and 3.35 (1.19) days, respectively. The mean time taken for the resolution of toxemia was 3.00 (1.15) days in the intervention group and 2.64 (0.87) days in the control group.

Conclusions:
The addition of oral LGG at a dose of 3 × 109 colony-forming units for 7 days to the standard antibiotic therapy for enteric fever did not show a significant reduction in the time taken for defervescence (P = 0.099) or resolution of toxemia (P = 0.148).
Medical Record Keeping for Quality Patient Care
Authors: Rudresh S. A. , Mathew Sherry P 
Published: June 2023

Introduction:
Effective management of medical records is essential for delivering high-quality treatment. The location, architecture, and personnel of a medical records department (MRD) can considerably impact its operational efficiency. This study seeks to examine hospital MRD and establishes whether its current configuration is suitable for effective medical record management.

Materials and Methods:
The descriptive method was utilized to evaluate the MRD of the hospital. The review analyzed the department's physical layout, personnel, workload, training programs, and available equipment. The study also evaluated the influence of government and business restrictions on MRDs operations.

Results:
It was determined that the MRD of the hospital had an appropriate physical layout, with divisions positioned in optimal locations. The department's personnel levels were adequate, with twenty employees managing the patient population's workload. The analysis determined that the department required extra photocopiers and scanners to boost operational efficiency. In addition, the study underlined the significance of adhering to policies, protocols, and established processes in ensuring efficient workflow.

Conclusion:
The analysis concludes that the hospital MRD has an adequate physical layout, staffing levels, and task management. However, the present equipment could be enhanced to increase operational efficiency. The study also emphasizes the importance of adhering to policies, protocols, and written processes to ensure the department's efficient workflow. The outcomes of this study may inform future decisions on MRD management in other health-care organizations, especially those subject to comparable government and commercial regulations.
Effect of Feeding Pattern and Salivary Level of Growth Hormone on the Stage of Primary Tooth Eruption
Authors: Hassan Dhay Haider Mohamed , Al-joranii Shahbaa Munther 
Published: June 2023

Introduction:
We aimed to evaluate the effect of feeding pattern and salivary level of growth hormone on the stage of primary tooth eruption among infants aged 6 to 18 months.

Methods:
The sample size of this analytical cross-sectional study was 300 healthy infants from Karbala, Iraq. Feeding pattern answered by the parents, stage of dental eruption assessed according to criteria described by Damodar P. Swami, and level of salivary growth hormone determined using an ELISA assay. Data were analyzed via a linear regression model using R software.

Results:
The model (adjusted R
2: 0.668) showed the feeding pattern (beast, bottle, or mix), gender, and salivary level of growth hormone were not significant predicators for the stage of primary tooth eruption (p > 0.05). Yet, age was a significant predicator (p < 0.001).

Conclusion:
The infant’s feeding pattern and salivary level of growth hormone did not affect the timing of the eruption of primary teeth.
Effects of Hypericum perforatum extract on 6-hydroxydopamine neurotoxicity in differentiated SH-SY5Y cells
Authors: Bitmez Baris , Gultekin Seda K. , Albayrak Irem G. , Deveci Yigit , Sicak Yusuf , Akalin Emine , Pirhan Adami F. , Gurer Ulas , Arslan Belkis A. 
Published: June 2023

Background and objective
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer’s disease. In our study, PD model was created as a result of exposure to 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) in SH-SY5Y cells, which is a human neuroblastoma cell line. The protective effect of Hypericum perforatum on PD was investigated.

Materials and methods
Phytochemical analysis of H. perforatum extract was performed. Then, SH-SY5Y cells were differentiated using retinoic acid and then administered 6-OHDA neurotoxin. To determine the protective effects of H. perforatum extract, we investigated the changes in the mRNA expression level of caspase-3, total oxidant status, and antioxidant levels in differentiated SH-SY5Y.

Results and conclusion
According to our results, H. perforatum extract contains glycosides, tannins, flavonoids, and carbohydrates as the major secondary metabolites. H. perforatum extract significantly reduced caspase-3 gene expression against 6-OHDA toxicity in differentiated SH-SY5Y cells. It was found that total oxidant status level increased significantly in the 6-OHDA experimental group compared with the control and H. perforatum experimental groups. It was found that H. perforatum extract has an inhibitory effect on caspase-3 gene expression, which plays an important role in apoptosis. Therfore, H. perforatum extract has been shown to have a therapeutic potential against 6-OHDA toxicity.
Atorvastatin calcium formulation development followed by pharmacokinetic with in vitro and in vivo correlation (IVIVC) with employing soluplus and hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose with optimization
Authors: Ramarao Ch Taraka , Pavani Palepu 
Published: June 2023

Objectives
The goal of this study was to evaluate different proportions of solid dispersions and formulations by employing various carriers in order to improve solubility of poorly soluble atorvastatin calcium.

Materials and methods
Solid dispersions can be created using the Solvent Evaporation technique. In comparison to pure drug, (Hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose) HPMC (1:1) indicated as (Solid dispersion) SD1, HPMC E5 (1:2), HPMC E5 (1:4), HPMC (1:1.5) designated as SD2, SD3, SD4, drug caffeine (1:0.5) and caffeine (1:1), denoted as SD5, SD6. The Design Expert software used to 2 level factorial design, the three independent components of X1: are ratios of solid dispersion equivalent (drug:HPMC:soluplus), X2:Superdisintegrant (Primellose), and X3:Surfactant (Sodium lauryl sulphate) was used to do analysis of variance (ANOVA), 3D surface plots, counter plots, optimization, and desirability. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy was used to investigate drug-excipient compatibility. Marketed tablets (uncoated tablets manufactured by ‘Revat Laboratories limited) with optimized tablet composition were used in the comparative trials (A2) and Pharmacokinetics.

Results and discussion
The solid dispersion approach greatly increased the amount of atorvastatin calcium released. The values of f1 and f2 were determined to be 1.89 and 77.78, respectively, and the dissolution profiles of the optimized formulation (A2) and the market tablet were found to be significance. The optimized formula did better on the desirability level (0.975), indicating that it was a good fit. To determine dose bioavailability and to see if there is an in-vitro-in-vivo link.

Conclusion
The formulations were successfully developed using factorial design, and can be further used for oral delivery of antilipidemic agents is atorvastatin calcium. The model’s predictability and validity were demonstrated when the experimental values matched the expected values. The in vitro-in vivo correlation was good in pharmacokinetic experiments, indicating a significant improvement.
Management of Women with Alcohol use Disorder during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Case Series from Southern India
Authors: Dhagudu Naveen Kumar , Tripati Richa 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The gender influence on alcohol use trajectory in women is poorly understood. Culture is one of the determinant factors along with other psychobiological variances. A case series of two female alcohol use cases to understand its trajectory through cultural critical analysis. Case-wise discussion on culture as a critical pathological risk and protective aspects amid COVID-pandemic related restricted alcohol availability was done. We have highlighted the cultural factor considerations in understanding the gender differential phenomenon and its gender-specific comprehensive treatment services.
School Climate and its Determinant Factors of Well-Being in a Residential School Community
Authors: Santhosh J S , Flower F X Lovelina Little 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background:
Research has made it increasingly clear that school climate, defined as “the quality and character of school life,” profoundly has effects on the school community. A safe and caring school environment is one in which the school community feels positively connected to others, respected, meaningful work, and boosting their confidence. School climate is a group phenomenon that reflects the school community’s norms, goals, and values, and it emerges based on ways in which students, parents, and school staff experience school life.

Aim:
The study explores factors of the well-being of the school community that influences school climate in a residential set-up and prescribes recommendations for actions.

Methods:
To understand the complex phenomenon of well-being within a residential school community, qualitative study methods were adopted to explore various influential factors of school well-being. Interactive meetings with teachers, focus group discussion (FGD) with students, and in-depth interviews with school authorities were conducted with self-prepared interview schedules and FGD protocols.

Results:
The study identifies the physiological, social, psychological, and managerial factors of the school community having an impact on overall well-being and school climate that manifests in the form of boarding activities and schedules, students’ social and interpersonal relationships, high academic demands/pressure from parents and school authorities, teachers’ distress and managements’ partiality toward students.

Conclusions:
Recommendations are prescribed for intervention at various levels and thrust areas of research are identified for future directions.
Resilience Building for Adolescents in Institutions
Authors: Prabhu Sphoorthi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Mental health promotion programs are commonly delivered to adolescents as a part of school mental health programs. Among the various mental health promotion programs, resilience-building programs are also gaining popularity in India. The resilience-building programs will be undoubtedly useful to various adolescent groups. Adolescents in difficult circumstances, such as those residing in institutions, will be the most benefitted by the resilience-building programs. However, the components of resilience-building programs are of utmost importance. While most of the existing programs focus on enhancing the personality characteristics that contribute to resilience, a few other determinants should also be the focus. This article gives an outline of the components that can be included in building resilience in adolescents residing in institutions in India.
Impact of Social Media on Forming Individual’s Prosocial Behavior and Related Challenges among Youths in College
Authors: Bhadra Subhasis , Kumar Shashank 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background:
The Internet has given birth to the virtual community; further, social media occupied a major chunk of computer mediated communication where virtual life considerably influences reality. For youths, social media became part of their existence and identity. Internet has widened the doors of opportunities for seeking knowledge and also has some challenges.

Aim and Objectives:
To study the impact of social media in forming prosocial behavior among youths in an institute of higher education. The objectives were, (a) to explore, the role of social media in forming pro-social behavior among youths (b) to understand the pro-social behavior exhibited by the youths in social media, (c) to understand the challenges in formation of pro-social behavior in social media.

Methodology:
Through a series of focused group discussions (FGD), various aspects of social media usage and engagements were explored. Five FDGs were conducted with 58 participants. Further, points are categorized and subcategorized to develop and standardize the questionnaire (self reporting) to assess the impact of social media in the formation of prosocial behavior and related challenges. A total of 100 youths, with equal distribution of gender, filled the self reporting questionnaire.

Result:
Social media plays an important role in strengthening prosocial behavior than the challenges it has for the users. Social media often facilitated seeking information, and transaction of ideas that helped in identity formation, aspiration development, and peer engagement. Further, youths encounter challenges in social media that can impose hindrances in promoting prosocial behavior.

Conclusion:
Ultimately, social media play an important role in the formation of prosocial behavior. During the COVID-19 pandemic, social media platforms became an essential source of information and extending support. Thus, it is important to facilitate adequate programs and policies to strengthen the prosocial usage of social media.
Mental Health Effects of Past and Current Pandemics on Health-Care Professionals: A Narrative Review
Authors: Sadh Kamaldeep , Khadse Pawan Arun , Murthy Pratima 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
During the coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) crisis, health-care workers (HCWs) across the world are facing a high risk of infection and increased workload. This makes them vulnerable to the psychological effects of the pandemic. This review attempts to gather insights into the psychological impact of the past and current infective outbreaks reported on HCWs. A PubMed search was conducted to identify relevant published articles on the effects of major infective outbreaks that occurred in the last two decades on the mental health of HCWs. After a critical review of 47 selected articles, a narrative synthesis was undertaken. The outbreaks included in this review were related to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome, H1N1 influenza, Ebola virus disease, and COVID-19. The studies were reported from 14 different countries. Except for four cohort studies, all other studies were cross-sectional in design. It was found that HCWs across the studies were at high risk of the development of various psychiatric morbidities, including stress-related, anxiety-related, and affective disorders. Certain groups of HCWs were at a relatively higher risk, like those posted in high exposure settings, nurses, those with a history of psychiatric illness, and those who have been quarantined. The organizational and social supports were important factors in reducing the negative mental health impact of the outbreak. HCWs deserve special attention concerning their mental health during and in the aftermath of the COVID-19 crisis. Adequate preparedness at the organizational and individual levels is an essential measure to prevent the negative psychological effects of an infective outbreak on HCWs.