bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Study of Clinically Significant Potential drug-drug Interactions and their Risk Factors among Hospitalized Cardiac patients
Authors: Sahoo Ajaya Kumar , SINGH ALOK , Gupta Dhyuti , Dhaneria Suryaprakash , Arunima Prachi 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Patients with cardiovascular disorders (CVD) possess multiple comorbidities and are prescribed multiple drugs simultaneously, making them vulnerable to drug-drug interactions (DDIs).
Objective
This study aimed to assess the potential-DDIs (pDDIs) among the drugs prescribed in hospitalized patients with CVD and associated factors.
Method
It was a retrospective study conducted with the help of the medical records department. The medical records of all patients admitted to the cardiology department in between 1st January 2019 to 31st December 2019 were included for analysis of pDDIs using lexicomp up to date drug interaction screening tool. The pDDIs were divided into classes A, B, C, D, and X. pDDIs belonging to classes D and X were considered clinically significant. Multiple logistic regression was used to analyze association between factors and the occurrence of clinically significant pDDIs and a p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results
Almost all patients (335/338) had at least one pDDI. A total of 4966 pDDIs were detected, of which the majority belonged to category C (75.3%). A total of 5.1% of pDDIs were clinically significant. The patients who were prescribed more than ten drugs per day [OR = 2.46 95% CI: 1.27–4.82 p = 0.008], prescribed injectable formulation [OR = 1.84, 95%CI = 1.57–2.21; p < 0.0001], and had diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome [OR = 2.33 95% CI = 1.1–5.12; p = 0.03] were associated with clinically significant pDDIs. Other factors i.e. female sex, uses of fixed-dose combinations, and triad of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and dyslipidemia were positively associated with clinically significant pDDIs.
Conclusion
Almost every patient had at least one pDDI, but the clinically significant pDDIs were relatively less. Use of > 10 drugs/day, injectable formulation, patients of acute coronary syndrome were the factors associated with clinically significant pDDIs.
Social Connectedness Identity and Physical Health: A Multi-Study Investigation
Authors: Lange Lori , Crawford Abigail 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Aims of the current study were to investigate social connectedness as an identity component of belongingness that is distinct from social support and of potential interest in health research.
Methods
Social connectedness identity (SCI) and health factors were measured in a sample of college students (Study 1, n = 486) and a sample of individuals with ongoing symptoms of chronic illness (Study 2, n = 225). The third study added loneliness and stress measures to explore SCI as a potential antecedent in a serial mediation model (Study 3, n = 280).
Results
SCI emerged as a significant and independent predictor of physical symptomatology, physical functioning, and general health. In Study 3, serial mediation findings showed that the stress of loneliness explained the connection between SCI and health.
Conclusions
Results from the three reported studies identify SCI as a belongingness identity concept that warrants further study in reference to health and loneliness.
Reduced Heart Rate Variability May Predict Left Atrial Appendage Thrombus or Spontaneous Echo Contrast in Patients With Non- Valvular Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Yang Miaomiao , Lin Zhizhan , Gao Xiong , Zhao Haiyu , Ye Xingsheng , Zhu Shijie , Ou Jianyan , Teng Yintong , He Liwei , Peng Jian 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Objectives
Heart rate variability (HRV) has been associated with cardiovascular disease risk factors and adverse outcomes. Current evidence suggests that the presence of left atrial appendage thrombus (LAAT) or spontaneous echo contrast (SEC) is associated with an increased risk for subsequent stroke in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). This study aimed to investigate the relationship between HRV and LAAT/SEC in patients with NVAF.
Methods
347 patients with NVAF treated at Nanfang Hospital in China from Jan 2019 to Dec 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. All patients recruited underwent laboratory evaluation, Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) and 24h Holter electrocardiography .We explored the differences in demographic, clinical characteristics and HRV parameters between the two groups with and without LAAT/SEC.
Results
In this study, 82 patients (23.6%) had LAAT/SEC. The LAAT/SEC group had lower HRV parameters. After controlling for confounding factors, both SDNN (OR 0.973, 95%CI 0.959–0.987, P < 0.001) and SDANNI (OR 0.985, 95%CI 0.971–0.99, P < 0.001) were found to be independent predictors of LAAT/SEC. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed that the optimal cutoff value of the SDNN and SDANNI for predicting LAAT/SEC were 132 and 91, respectively. The risk of LAAT/SEC in patients with SDNN ≤ 132 and SDANNI ≤ 91 was 4.064 and 4.083-fold higher than in patients with SDNN > 132 and SDANNI > 91, respectively.
Conclusion
Reduced HRV was inversely correlated with LAAT/SEC in patients with NVAF, suggesting it has huge prospects for clinical application to predict the presence of LAAT/SEC. Early identification and intervention in NVAF patients with decreased HRV may help to decrease the risk of thrombosis.
Subscleral Trabeculectomy with Ologen implant versus Mitomycin C in primary infantile glaucoma: up to 103 months’ follow-up
Authors: Kassem Rehab Rashad , Esmael Amanne Feisal 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To compare the effect of SST augmented with Mitomycin C (MMC) versus Ologen implant as secondary procedures for treatment of primary congenital glaucoma.
Methods
This is a retrospective study evaluating records of 38 eyes that had undergone SST with MMC (group M, 17 eyes) versus Ologen (Group O, 21 eyes), by authors of the study. The study primary endpoint was set at 5 to 9 months postoperatively and the secondary endpoint was the last follow-up. A successful outcome was an IOP </=18 mmHg for infants < 1 year, and </= 20 mmHg for older ones.
Results
Follow-up duration was 1.25 to 51 (26.79 +/- 27.583) months in group M, and 0.25 to 103 (22.86+/-28.991) months in group O (p = .673). The mean preoperative IOP was 28.06+/-3.929 in group M and 26.95+/-6.095 in group O (p = .522). Reduction of IOP was significant in group M at all follow-up visits, but starting at the fourth postoperative month in group O. Recorded IOP in groups M and O, respectively, was 14.9+/-6.437 and 12.1+/-5.043 at the primary endpoint, and 22.35+/-8.536 and 22.52+/-10.152 (p > .05) at the secondary endpoint. A successful outcome was achieved in groups M and O, respectively, in 47.1% and 47.6% at the primary endpoint and in 47.1% and 52.4% at the secondary endpoint (p > .05). Cataract, posterior synechiae and pupillary abnormalities were insignificantly different in both groups (p = .623).
Conclusions
Ologen implant was comparable to MMC, in terms of efficacy and safety. Reoperations are inadvisable prior to 4 months of Ologen implants.
Psychometric evaluation of the Chinese version of positive health behaviors scale for clinical nurses
Authors: Kong Linghui , Lu Tingting , Zheng Chen , Zhang Huijun 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: The occupational health is essential for clinical nurses in clinical nursing practice. However, there is no specific tool for measuring health behavior of clinical nurses in China. This study aimed to translate the positive health behaviors scale (PHBS) into Chinese and validate its psychometric properties among clinical nurses.
Design: A cross-sectional validation design was used in this study.
Methods: A total of 633 clinical nurses were recruited by convenience sampling from hospitals in Liaoning Province, China. After obtaining the authorization of the original author, the PHBS was translated into Chinese by the brislin back-translation method. Item analysis was completed to explore the discrimination of items, and the delphi method was adopted to analyze the content validity. The exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were conducted to explore and validate the underlying factor structure. Internal consistency and test-retest reliability were calculated to explore reliability.
Results: A total of 29 items were retained in the item analysis, and the content validity index of the translated scale was 0.956. In the EFA, four common factors were extracted that named nutrition, physical activity, relaxation and behaviors related to mental health and preventive behavior, explaining 60.814% of the total variance. As a result of the CFA, χ2/df=1.363, GFI=0.902, NFI=0.909, IFI=0.974, TLI=0.971, CFI=0.974, RMSAE=0.034, RMR=0.023. The Cronbach’s α coefficients, split-half reliability and test-retest reliability of Chinese version of the PHBS were 0.928, 0.953 and 0.891, respectively.
Conclusions: The Chinese version of the PHBS had appropriate psychometric properties in clinical nurses. According to the evaluation results of the scale, clinical nurses can improve their awareness of disease prevention and occupational health, further make corresponding changes.
Developing an Innovative National ACP-OSCE Program in Taiwan: A Mixed Method Study
Authors: Wu Yen-Lin , Hsieh Tsu-Yi , Hwang Sheau-Feng , Lin Yi-Yin , Chu Wei-Min 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Objectives: To evaluate the process and the comprehensiveness of advanced care planning (ACP), we designed a national ACP-OSCE (Objective Structured Clinical Examination) program.
Methods: The program was designed as a 40-minute OSCE test. Participants were categorized as different ACP team members to illustrate realistic scenarios. Preceptors were asked to observe ACP professionals’ actions, responses, and communication skills during ACP with standardized patients (SP) through a one-way mirror. Participants’ communication skills, medical expertise, legal knowledge, empathetic response and problem-solving skills of ACP were also self-evaluated before and after OSCE. Thematic analysis was used for qualitative analysis.
Results: In Nov 2019, a total of 18 ACP teams with 38 ACP professionals completed the ACP-OSCE program, including 15 physicians, 15 nurses, 5 social workers, and 3 psychologists. After the ACP-OSCE program, the average score of communication skills, medical expertise, legal knowledge, empathetic response, ACP problem-solving all increased. Nurses felt improved in medical expertise, legal knowledge, and problem-solving skills, psychologists and social workers felt improved in legal knowledge, while physicians felt no improved in all domain, statistically. Thematic analysis showed professional skills, doctoral-patient communication, benefit and difficulties of ACP were the topics which participants care about. Meanwhile, most participant agreed that ACP-OSCE program is an appropriate educational tool.
Conclusion: This is the first national ACP-OSCE program in Asia. We believe that this ACP-OSCE program could be applied in other countries to improve theACP process and quality.
Patients classification and prognosis prediction based on cancer/testis genes in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Zhu Xiaodong , Huang Xinqu , Du Wenfang , Hou Baoquan , Fu Zhen 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: Cancer/testis antigens (CTAs) were revealed to play crucial roles in the induction and progressionof various malignancies. This study was devised to investigate the expression profiles and the potential clinical application of CTAs in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) through comprehensive analyses at a transcriptome level.
Methods: We collected RNA-sequencing data and clinical data of HCC from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) databases. We explored the differentially expressed cancer/testis genes between normal and tumor samples. Based on the expression matrix of these differentially expressed genes (DEGs), we divided the patients into two clusters through non-negative matrix factorization. Between the two clusters, we further screened out the DEGs which were introduced to construct a signature. We assessed the performance of the signature through various statistical methods. Finally, we explored the correlations of our signature with immune related passways and carcinogenesis related gene sets. Finally, we compared the differences of mutational status, copy number variation between different risk groups.
Results: HCC patients from TCGA dataset were classified into two clusters which displayed different survival statuses and immune profiles. A 12-gene prognostic signature was developed to stratify patients into different risk groups. The signature was an excellent predictor of outcome in two independent cohorts. Generally speaking, the riskscore showed positive correlation with immune related passways and carcinogenesis related gene sets.
Conclusion: In this study, we performed comprehensive analyses of cancer/testis genes in HCC. The classification of HCC patients into clusters based on cancer/testis genes could stratify patients accurately. Also, a CTA related signature was developed which could not only be an excellent tool to predict the outcome of patients, but also provide some evidence for the combination of therapeutics based on CTAs and immunotherapies.
Changes in structure and assembly of a species-rich soil natural community with contrasting nutrient availability upon establishment of a plant-beneficial Pseudomonas in the wheat rhizosphere
Authors: Garrido-Sanz Daniel , Čaušević Senka , Vacheron Jordan , Heiman Clara M. , Sentchilo Vladimir , Meer Jan Roelof van der , Keel Christoph 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background:
Plant-beneficial bacterial inoculants are of great interest in agriculture as they have the potential to promote plant growth and health. However, the inoculation of the rhizosphere microbiome often results in a suboptimal or transient colonization, which is due to a variety of factors that influence the fate of the inoculant. To better understand the fate of plant-beneficial inoculants in complex rhizosphere microbiomes, composed by hundreds of genotypes and multifactorial selection mechanisms, controlled studies with high-complexity soil microbiomes are needed.
Results:
We analysed early compositional changes in a taxa-rich natural soil bacterial community, both in exponential nutrient-rich or stationary nutrient-limited growth conditions (i.e., growing and stable communities, respectively), upon inoculation by the plant-beneficial bacterium Pseudomonas protegens in a bulk soil or a wheat rhizosphere environment. P. protegens successfully established in all conditions tested, being more abundant in the rhizosphere of the stable community. Nutrient availability was a major factor driving microbiome composition and structure as well as the underlying assembly processes. While access to nutrients resulted in communities being mainly assembled by homogeneous selection, stochastic processes dominated in the nutrient-deprived conditions. We also observed an increased rhizosphere selection effect on nutrient-limited conditions, resulting in higher numbers of amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) whose relative abundance was enriched. The inoculation with P. protegens produced discrete changes, some of which involved other Pseudomonas. Direct competition between Pseudomonas strains partially failed to replicate differences observed in the microbiome and pointed to a more complex interaction network.
Conclusions:
The results obtained in this study show that nutrient availability is a major driving force of microbiome composition, structure, and diversity both in the bulk soil and the wheat rhizosphere and determines the assembly processes governing early microbiome development. The successful establishment of the inoculant was facilitated by the wheat rhizosphere and produced discrete changes among other members of the microbiome. Direct competition between Pseudomonas strains only partially explained microbiome changes and revealed that indirect interactions or spatial distribution in the rhizosphere or soil interface could be crucial for the survival of certain bacteria.
Co-fitness network connectivity determines a fuzzy essential zone in Sinorhizobium of canonical open pangenome
Authors: Zhang Pan , Zhang Biliang , Ji Yuan-Yuan , Jiao Jian , Zhang Ziding , Tian Chang-Fu 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Most in silico evolutionary studies commonly assumed that core genes are essential for cellular function, while accessory genes are dispensable, particularly in nutrient-rich environments. However, this assumption is seldom tested genetically within the pangenome context. Here we conducted a robust pangenomic Tn-seq analysis of fitness genes in a nutrient-rich medium for Sinorhizobium strains with a canonical open pangenome. The Hidden Markov Model-based method is the most robust to variations among mutant libraries per strain and non-sensitive to data size. Fitness genes, categorized as essential (ES), advantage (GA) and disadvantage (GD) for growth, are enriched in core genes, while nonessential genes (NE) are over-represented in accessory genes. Connectivity degrees in predicted protein-protein interaction networks decline in the order of ES, GA, GD and NE, and those in the co-fitness network decreases from ES to GA/GD to NE. Notably, 1599 out of 3284 core genes display differential essentiality across test strains. Within pangenome core, both shared quasi-essential (ES and GA) and strain-dependent fitness genes are enriched in similar functional categories. Our analysis demonstrates a considerable fuzzy essential zone determined by co-fitness connectivity degrees in Sinorhizobium pangenome, and highlights the power of co-fitness network in understanding genetic basis of ever-increasing prokaryotic pangenome data.
Advertent domestication attenuates the influence of propagule pressure
Authors: tuckett quenton M , Ritch Jared L. , Lawson Larry L. , Colee James , Hill Jeffrey E. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The process of domestication affects fitness following return to the wild. For the invasion of non-native species, however, captive rearing is thought to increase propagule pressure, the quantity and rate that individuals are introduced. Invasion success for domesticated species may represent a balance between survival and propagule pressure. Survival is likely affected by selective breeding (advertent versus inadvertent selection) and predator populations, which contribute to biotic resistance, the ability of communities to resist invasion. Ornamental species are subjected to deliberate selection (advertent) for phenotypic traits such as coloration, as is the case with the green swordtail (Xiphophorus hellerii). Wild-type varieties are also produced without deliberate selection (inadvertent) and resemble their wild counterparts. In Florida, swordtails are produced in aquaculture and propagule pressure is high, yet few colorful individuals are encountered in the wild. Here we examined how invasion success is influenced by the interactive effects of biotic resistance, selective breeding, and propagule pressure. We used outdoor ponds to examine intraspecific variation in invasion success for five swordtail varieties across increasing biotic resistance. Propagule pressure over 14 weeks was varied proportional to trade volume for the five varieties. Biotic resistance increased with community complexity and affected swordtail survival and reproduction. In control ponds the number of fish for each variety followed propagule size. Despite lower propagule pressure, the wild-type variety increased relative to the advertently produced varieties, but only in ponds with greater biotic resistance. These results suggest propagule pressure is attenuated by increased biotic resistance and deliberate breeding.
Impact of vaccinations, boosters and lockdowns on COVID-19 waves in French Polynesia
Authors: Chapman Lloyd , Aubry Maite , Maset Noemie , Russell Timothy , Knock Edward , Lees John , Mallet Henri-Pierre , Cao-Lormeau Van-Mai , Kucharski Adam 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Estimation of the impact of vaccination and non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) on COVID-19 incidence is complicated by several factors, including the successive emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern and changing population immunity resulting from vaccination and previous infection. We developed an age-structured multi-strain COVID-19 transmission model framework that could estimate the impact of vaccination and NPIs while accounting for these factors. We applied this framework to French Polynesia, which unlike many countries experienced multiple large COVID-19 waves from multiple variants over the course of the pandemic, interspersed with periods of elimination. We estimated that the vaccination programme averted 54.3% (95% CI 54.0-54.6%) of the 6840 hospitalisations and 60.2% (95% CI 59.9-60.5%) of the 1280 hospital deaths that would have occurred in a baseline scenario without any vaccination up to May 2022. Vaccination also averted an estimated 28.4% (95% CI 28.2-28.7%) of 193,000 symptomatic cases in the baseline scenario. We estimated the booster campaign contributed 3.4%, 2.9% and 3.3% to overall reductions in cases, hospitalisations and hospital deaths respectively. Our results suggested that removing, or altering the timings of, the lockdowns during the first two waves had non-linear effects on overall incidence owing to the resulting effect on accumulation of population immunity. Our estimates of vaccination and booster impact differ from those for other countries due to differences in age structure, previous exposure levels and timing of variant introduction relative to vaccination, emphasising the importance of detailed analysis that accounts for these factors.
Enhancing the electrical conductivity and strength of PET by single-wall carbon nanotube film coating
Authors: Ding Wu-Tong , Jiao Xin-Yu , Zhao Yi-Ming , Sun Xin-Yang , Chen Chao , Wu An-Ping , Ding Yu-Tian , Hou Peng-Xiang , Liu Chang 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) with excellent physicochemical properties are considered a promising candidate for the electrical and mechanical reinforcements of polymers. However, the poor dispersion of SWCNTs in plastics seriously limits their application and the performance enhancement achieved. Here we coat free-standing, highly conductive SWCNT film onto the surface of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film by a hot-pressing method. Due to the uniform SWCNT network structure and strong interfacial interaction, the SWCNT/PET hybrid film showed notably enhanced electrical and mechanical properties even though with a very low SWCNT weight fraction of 0.066%. The surface square resistance of the SWCNT/PET film decreased to 120-140 Ω/□ from 1016Ω/□. In addition, the Young's modulus and tensile strength of the SWCNT/PET film reached 4.6 GPa and 148 MPa, which are 31.3% and 24.4%, respectively, higher than pure PET film. The SWCNT/PET film shows excellent mechanical durability and thermal stability, demonstrating their potential use as an antistatic material.