bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Continental synchrony and local responses: Climatic effects on spatiotemporal patterns of calving in a social ungulate
Authors: Couriot Ophélie H. , Cameron Matthew D. , Joly Kyle , Adamczewski Jan , Campbell Mitch W. , Davison Tracy , Gunn Anne , Kelly Allicia P. , Leblond Mathieu , Williams Judy , Fagan William F. , Brose Anna , Gurarie Eliezer 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWarming temperatures and advancing spring are affecting annual snow and ice cycles, as well as plant phenology, across the Arctic and boreal regions. These changes may be linked to observed population declines in wildlife, including barren‐ground caribou (Rangifer tarandus), a key species of Arctic environments. We quantified how barren‐ground caribou, characteristically both gregarious and migratory, synchronize births in time and aggregate births in space and investigated how these tactics are influenced by variable weather conditions. We analyzed movement patterns to infer calving dates for 747 collared female caribou from seven herds across northern North America, totaling 1255 calving events over a 15‐year period. By relating these events to local weather conditions during the 1‐year period preceding calving, we examined how weather influenced calving timing and the ability of caribou to reach their central calving area. We documented continental‐scale synchrony in calving, but synchrony was greatest within an individual herd for a given year. Weather conditions before and during gestation had contrasting effects on the timing and location of calving. Notably, a combination of unfavorable weather conditions during winter and spring, including the pre‐calving migration, resulted in a late arrival on the calving area or a failure to reach the greater calving area in time for calving. Though local weather conditions influenced calving timing differently among herds, warm temperatures and low wind speed, which are associated with soft, deep snow, during the spring and pre‐calving migration, generally affected the ability of female caribou to reach central calving areas in time to give birth. Delayed calving may have potential indirect consequences, including reduced calf survival. Overall, we detected considerable variability across years and across herds, but no significant trend for earlier calving by caribou, even as broad indicators of spring and snow phenology trend earlier. Our results emphasize the importance of monitoring the timing and location of calving, and to examine how weather during summer and winter are affecting calving and subsequent reproductive success.
44th International Conference on Coordination Chemistry (ICCC) Special Collection
Authors: Gallo Emma , Proust Anna , Pettinari Claudio 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSince its beginning in 1893, coordination chemistry has been evolving constantly, and it has become a fundamental pillar for chemical sciences, from catalysis to materials. After two years of restrictions due to the pandemic, the 44th International Conference on Coordination Chemistry (ICCC) took place in Rimini (Italy) in August 2022. It was the occasion for over thousand chemists to share their research projects, some of which are showcased in this Special Collection. Guest Editors Emma Gallo (University of Milan), Anna Proust (Sorbonne University Paris), and Claudio Pettinari (University of Camerino) summarize the excellent results in the “44th ICCC” Special Collection.
Individual attitudes towards moral costs and benefits drive responses to moral dilemmas
Authors: Rosas Alejandro , Hannikainen Ivar , Lam Jason , Aguiar Fernando 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe review some processing assumptions that underlie the currently used measures of moral judgement with moral dilemmas, contrasting them with the overlooked possibility that the primary mechanism consists in assessing a net balance of the costs versus benefits of the sacrificial action. Different dilemmas scenarios present different net balances of cost versus benefits, and participants usually change between them from disapproval to approval motivated by what appears to be a larger positive balance of moral benefits. The thresholds for such change are personal and vary. For the instrument to reliably estimate the individual differences in approval thresholds, there can be no disagreement on the facts affecting the balances and the ranking order of the items. We designed an instrument targeting three different balances with five indicators each and ran an exploratory factor analysis to prove that the different balances operate cleanly as separate factors. The expected three‐factor solution and a stable ranking of the balance points were obtained across three samples from three different continents in three languages, suggesting the activation of cross‐culturally stable cognitive processes. The strength ratio of utilitarian (U) to deontological (D) sensitivity was calculated for each participant and corrected using the scores of a balance‐point with no net benefits. This instrument overcomes validation difficulties burdening the existing measures and offers good prospects for further development.
An easy and green assay to determine albendazole and ivermectin in veterinary preparations by micellar liquid chromatography
Authors: Pawar Rajendra‐Prasad , Sharma Girraj , Durgbanshi Abhilasha , Bose Devasish , Peris‐Vicente Juan , Roca‐Genovés Pasqual , Carda‐Broch Samuel 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA procedure to determine albendazole and ivermectin in veterinary formulations, like tablet, bolus, oral suspensions, and injections by micellar liquid chromatography, has been developed. Sample preparation was a batch solid‐to‐liquid extraction in mobile phase, consisting of a stirring step (15 min), followed by ultrasonication (15 min) and filtration of the obtained supernatant, to reach a target concentration of 2 mg/L for both analytes. Using a mobile phase of 0.15 M sodium dodecyl sulfate—6% 1‐pentanol buffered at pH 3 with a 0.01 M phosphate salt, running at 1 mL/min through a C18 column, both drugs were resolved in less than 10 min. Absorbance detection wavelength was 292 nm. Procedure was validated by the guidelines of the International Council on Harmonization in terms of specificity, calibration range (0.025–5 mg/L), trueness (97.8%–102.6%), precision (<2.2%), and system suitability. The method was found easy‐to‐handle, low cost, safe, green, and with high sample‐throughput, thus useful for routine analysis. Therefore, it represents a valuable alternative for quality control of veterinary formulations. It was applied to samples of veterinary formulations purchased from local chemists and veterinarians, and label claims were inside the acceptance criteria (95%–105%).
Real‐time risk assessment of cascading failure in power system with high proportion of renewable energy based on fault graph chains
Authors: Chen Bo , Sun Donglei , Zhu Yuhong , Liu Dong , Zhou Yongzhi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe access of a high proportion of renewable energies has deepened the randomness and complexity of cascading failures (CFs) in power systems. In this regard, a real‐time risk assessment method for CFs in power systems with high proportion of new energy is proposed. First, combined with historical statistical data and relevant national standards, a CF simulation model that considers the off‐grid protection action of renewable energy units in the event of a power grid fault is proposed. The model is based on the continuous steady‐state power flow model, which simulates the spread of CFs via continuous power flow calculations. Second, via introducing the concept of a fault graph chain, the electrical and topological characteristics of the continuous dynamic of the power system in the process of CFs can be described. Then, through continuous CF simulation and replay buffer, a data‐driven method is used to calculate the CF risk index corresponding to the fault graph. Finally, a cascaded graph neural network is employed to fit the nonlinear mapping relationship between fault graphs and CF risk indicators. The simulation results in the IEEE 39‐bus system show that the proposed method can accurately and real‐time evaluate the risk of CFs.
A multi‐hazard analysis framework for earthquake‐damaged tall buildings subject to thunderstorm downbursts
Authors: Song Jing , Skalomenos Konstantinos , Martinez‐Vazquez Pedro 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis study develops a generalised multi‐hazard analysis framework for evaluating the impact of secondary hazard events on structures that have previously been damaged by major hazardous events. More specifically, the present work investigates the effects of thunderstorm downbursts on earthquake‐damaged tall steel buildings giving an emphasis in assessing the revised accumulated earthquake‐wind ductility demands. The novel approach is validated on a 20‐storey steel building. The structure is initially subjected to a ductility‐controlled pushover analysis to simulate the earthquake‐induced damage, and then, a parametric dynamic analysis is performed using damaged structure models under synthetic downburst time‐histories developed for various wind profiles, wind velocities and terrain types. The method accurately controls the damage level induced by the primary hazard and separately assesses secondary hazard effects which enables a direct quantification of the new multi‐hazard design requirements. This can provide effective guidance in the stage of preliminary structural design or post‐hazard assessment of structures identifying new serviceability limits, as well as support repair procedures and decision‐making frameworks for existing structures to prevent collapse. The results demonstrate a significant increase up to three to four times in ductility demands of the structure after the occurrence of the strong downburst winds, compared with the ductility demands that were initially imposed by the varying severity degrees of the earthquake.
Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using banana peel extract and application on banana preservation
Authors: Goh Hui Tung , Cheok Choon Yoong , Yeap Swee Pin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to develop an environmentally friendly silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using banana peel extract as reducing and capping agent. AgNPs obtained were characterized via Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Preservation of banana blocks coated with sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (Na‐CMC) and Na‐CMC incorporated with AgNPs (Na‐CMC + AgNPs) for 5 days were also conducted. Besides the AgO, which has been identified in FTIR analysis, AgNPs synthesized using banana peel extract exhibited aromatic nitro compound, carboxyl, and hydroxyl groups as well. SEM image showed AgNPs in agglomeration caused by drying process. Banana blocks coated with Na‐CMC + AgNPs showed better preservation as no molds growth were observed throughout the 5 days storage. Meanwhile, banana blocks coated with only Na‐CMC showed molds started to grow on the 3rd day. This preliminary study evidenced that Na‐CMC incorporated with AgNPs could prolong shelf life of banana against mold growth.
Combination of the effect of ginger and anti‐inflammatory diet on children with obesity with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Kamari Negin , Moradinazar Mehdi , Qasemi Mahmoud , Khosravy Tina , Samadi Mehnoosh , Abdolahzad Hadi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractNonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of liver disease in children. Following earlier reports on an increase in the prevalence of childhood obesity, NAFLD is now becoming increasingly common in children. Although no definitive cure exists, early management, early diagnosis, and treatment can reduce its complications. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the combination of ginger and an anti‐inflammatory diet (AID) in children with obesity on fatty liver management. This randomized clinical trial was conducted on 160 children with obesity aged 8–11 years, with a mean (SD) weight of 65.01 (9.67) kg, mean (SD) height of 139.87 (7.37) cm, and mean (SD) body mass index of 33.40 (5.59) kg/m2. The study duration was 12 weeks. Children were divided into four groups: ginger (G), AID, ginger plus an AID (GPA), and control. Ginger capsules comprised 1000 mg of ginger, whereas the AID comprised fruits and vegetables, fish, turkey, and chicken (without skin) with lean meat, omega‐3 sources, nuts, legumes, probiotic products, and elimination of inflammatory food. Following the intervention, serum fasting blood sugar and high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein levels were significantly decreased in the AID (p = .006 and .002, respectively), G (p = .04 and <.001, respectively), and GPA (p <.001 in both cases, respectively) groups. Further, in the G and GPA groups, there was a significant decrease in body mass index (p = .04 in both cases, respectively), waist circumference (p = .009 and .003, respectively), waist‐to‐height ratio (p = .02 and .005, respectively), alanine aminotransferase (p = .004 and <.001, respectively), total cholesterol (p = .0002 and .0001, respectively) and low‐density lipoprotein‐cholesterol (p < .001 and <.001, respectively). Eventually, serum aspartate aminotransferase was decreased (p < .001) and high‐density lipoprotein‐cholesterol (p = .03) was increased significantly in the GPA group. As a main finding of this study, hepatic steatosis significantly decreased in the G and GPA groups. Ginger supplementation can effectively improve NAFLD in children, and its effectiveness was further increased when combined with an AID.
Degradation‐Resistant Hypoxia Inducible Factor‐2α in Murine Osteocytes Promotes a High Bone Mass Phenotype
Authors: Mendoza Sarah V. , Murugesh Deepa K. , Christiansen Blaine A. , Genetos Zoe O. , Loots Gabriela G. , Genetos Damian C. , Yellowley Clare E. 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACTMolecular oxygen levels vary during development and disease. Adaptations to decreased oxygen bioavailability (hypoxia) are mediated by hypoxia‐inducible factor (HIF) transcription factors. HIFs are composed of an oxygen‐dependent α subunit (HIF‐α), of which there are two transcriptionally active isoforms (HIF‐1α and HIF‐2α), and a constitutively expressed β subunit (HIFβ). Under normoxic conditions, HIF‐α is hydroxylated via prolyl hydroxylase domain (PHD) proteins and targeted for degradation via Von Hippel‐Lindau (VHL). Under hypoxic conditions, hydroxylation via PHD is inhibited, allowing for HIF‐α stabilization and induction of target transcriptional changes. Our previous studies showed that Vhl deletion in osteocytes (Dmp1‐cre; Vhlf/f) resulted in HIF‐α stabilization and generation of a high bone mass (HBM) phenotype. The skeletal impact of HIF‐1α accumulation has been well characterized; however, the unique skeletal impacts of HIF‐2α remain understudied. Because osteocytes orchestrate skeletal development and homeostasis, we investigated the role of osteocytic HIF‐α isoforms in driving HBM phenotypes via osteocyte‐specific loss‐of‐function and gain‐of‐function HIF‐1α and HIF‐2α mutations in C57BL/6 female mice. Deletion of Hif1a or Hif2a in osteocytes showed no effect on skeletal microarchitecture. Constitutively stable, degradation‐resistant HIF‐2α (HIF‐2α cDR), but not HIF‐1α cDR, generated dramatic increases in bone mass, enhanced osteoclast activity, and expansion of metaphyseal marrow stromal tissue at the expense of hematopoietic tissue. Our studies reveal a novel influence of osteocytic HIF‐2α in driving HBM phenotypes that can potentially be harnessed pharmacologically to improve bone mass and reduce fracture risk. © 2023 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Social acceptance from peers and youth mentoring: Implications for addressing loneliness and social isolation
Authors: Fallavollita Westley L. , Lyons Michael D. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractYouth mentoring may be able to support lonely and socially isolated youth. This study examined the association between participating in youth mentoring programs and mentee perception of social acceptance from peers. Regression models considered the association between mentoring and peer social acceptance in terms of demographics, program features, and baseline peer relationship quality for 693 youth from 27 mentoring programs. The construct validity of a social acceptance scale was explored. The scale suggested two factors of peer social acceptance. No significant changes in peer social acceptance were observed before and after participating in mentoring programs. Trends in social acceptance indicated that positive/negative feelings in the mentor−mentee relationship were associated with positive/negative indicators of peer social acceptance. Mentoring programs may be able to help prevent loneliness and social isolation through positive aspects of the mentor−mentee relationships, but additional intervention activities are likely necessary to support lonely and socially isolated youth.
Albumin‐myosteatosis gauge as a novel prognostic risk factor in patients with non‐metastatic colorectal cancer
Authors: Kim Yerim , Lee Jae‐Hoon , Cho Eun‐Suk , Lee Hye Sun , Shin Su‐Jin , Park Eun Jung , Baik Seung Hyuk , Lee Kang Young , Kang Jeonghyun 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundMyosteatosis and systemic inflammation are well‐known prognostic factors in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). The serum albumin level is a reflection of malnutrition and systemic inflammation, which in turn plays a key role in the development of myosteatosis. However, few studies have been conducted on these synergistic effects. This study aimed to examine the individual and synergistic effects of different prognostic markers related to skeletal muscle quality and serum albumin levels in patients with CRC.MethodsThis study enrolled patients with stage I–III CRC who underwent surgical resection between July 2006 and February 2014. Skeletal muscle index (SMI) and skeletal muscle radiodensity (SMD) were calculated using computed tomography at the L3 level obtained within 2 months prior to surgery. The albumin‐myosteatosis gauge (AMG) was defined as SMD × albumin. Patients were divided into sex‐specific quartiles (G1 to G4) according to the AMG, and analysis of variance for continuous variables and chi‐square test for categorical variables were used to compare variables among quartiles. Cox proportional hazard models were constructed and integrated receiver operating characteristic curve (iAUC) analysis was used to compare the prognostic performance of SMD, albumin and AMG.ResultsAmong the 906 participants, the median (interquartile) age was 64 (55–72) years, and 365 (40.3%) were female. AMG was significantly correlated with the occurrence of complications, albumin level, SMI and SMD (all P < 0.001). Overall survival (OS) differed significantly according to the AMG group, with 5‐year OS for G1–G4 being 73.4%, 86.2%, 91.1% and 95.5%, respectively (P < 0.0001). Although SMI, SMD, albumin and AMG were all significant individual prognostic markers of OS in the univariable analysis, AMG remained the only independent prognostic factor in the multivariable analysis (G1 vs. G2, P = 0.045, G1 vs. G3, P = 0.005, G1 vs. G4, P < 0.001, respectively). The iAUC value of AMG [0.681, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.638–0.723] was superior to that of SMD (0.610, 95% CI = 0.566–0.654) (bootstrap iAUC mean difference = 0.071, 95% CI = 0.034–0.106), SMI (0.551, 95% CI = 0.511–0.594) (bootstrap iAUC mean difference = 0.129, 95% CI = 0.076–0.181) and albumin (0.627, 95% CI = 0.585–0.668) (bootstrap iAUC mean difference = 0.053, 95% CI = 0.010–0.098).ConclusionsIn patients with stage I–III CRC, AMG is a meaningful predictor of survival, with superior prognostic value compared to SMI, SMD or albumin alone. Further studies are needed to determine their significance in different ethnic groups.
Microscopy‐based morphological characterization of rugose spiraling whitefly, (Aleurodicus rugioperculatusMartin)‐an exotic pest on coconut in India
Authors: Saneera Edayakkal , Raguraman Swaminathan , Kannan Malaichamy , Josephrajkumar Arulappan , Jeyarani Subramanian 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPrecise identification of exotic whiteflies is a prerequisite to curb the invasive potential on to a new geographical location and to evolve effective management strategies. Conventionally, whitefly taxonomy is based on the description of the fourth‐instar nymph or puparium, however, in the current investigation egg to adult morphology along with morphometrics of rugose spiraling whitefly (RSW),Aleurodicus rugioperculatusMartin was critically analyzed and various morphological characteristics were illustrated. The morphometric analysis revealed that in the immature life stages of the pest, the length: width ratio decreased with each successive life stage, such as the egg, first, second, third, and fourth instar (2.472 ± 0.071, 1.913 ± 0.020, 1.550 ± 0.045, 1.297 ± 0.034, and 1.174 ± 0.058 mm), respectively. Across different nymphal instars, the shape of lingula was greatly modified from tongue‐like to triangle‐shaped. The number and distribution of compound pores also vary among the different nymphal stages. The ultra‐structures of the antenna through electron‐microscopy depicted finer details of sensory cones. The modulation in the shape and the structural arrangement of microtrichia on the plate was illustrated. The study indicated accurate diagnosis of various stages of RSW for effective interception of goods at quarantine stations and thus preventing the entry of exotic pests into the country.Research HighlightsMicroscopy‐based (light and scanning electron microscopy) morphological characterization of rugose spiraling whitefly, (Aleurodicus rugioperculatusMartin).
Morphogenetic events influencing corneal maturation, development, and transparency: Light and electron microscopic study
Authors: Ibrahim Nagwa , Hifny Abdalla , Elhanbaly Ruwaida , El‐Desoky Sara M. M. , Gaber Wafaa 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe development of the cornea is a fascinating process. Its dual origin involves the differentiation of surface ectoderm cells and the migration of mesenchymal cells of neural crest origin. This research aimed to demonstrate the morphogenesis of the rabbit cornea from fetal to postnatal life using light‐ and electron microscopy, and immunohistochemical analysis. There were 27 rabbit embryos and nine rabbits used. The rabbit cornea begins its prenatal development on the twelfth day of gestation. The surface ectoderm differentiates into the corneal epithelium on day 13. Intriguingly, telocytes were visible within the epithelium. The secondary stroma develops on the sixteenth day of gestation by differentiation of keratocytes. At the age of 2 weeks, the lamellae of collagenous fibers become highly organized, and the stroma becomes avascular, indicating that the cornea has become transparent. Bowman's membrane appears on day 23 of pregnancy and disappears on day 30. The Descemet's membrane appears at this time and continues to thicken postnatally. The corneal endothelium appears on the twentieth gestational day as double layer of flattened cells and becomes a single layer of cuboidal cells on day 30. The spaces between the endothelial cells resemble craters. VEGF immunohistochemical expression increases over the course of development, reaching its peak in the first week after birth before decreasing in all corneal layers and becoming negative in the stroma. In conclusion, numerous morphogenetic events contribute to corneal maturation and transparency, allowing the cornea to perform its vital functions.