bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phase II Clinical Trial to Study the Safety and Efficacy of Combined S-1 + Oxaliplatin Therapy as Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Locally Advanced Gastric Cancer in Older Patients
Authors: Ota Mitsuhiko , Saeki Hiroshi , Uehara Hideo , Matsuda Yoshiko , Tsutsumi Satoshi , Kusumoto Tetsuya , Yasui Hisateru , Ubukata Yasunari , Yamaguchi Shohei , Orita Hiroyuki , Izawa Naoki , Kakizoe Saburo , Shimokawa Mototsugu , Yoshizumi Tomoharu , Kakeji Yoshihiro , Mori Masaki , Oki Eiji 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background: Gastrectomy with D2 dissection and adjuvant chemotherapy is the standard treatment for locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC) in Asia. However, administering chemotherapy with sufficient intensity after gastrectomy is challenging. Several trials demonstrated the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). However, only few studies explored the feasibility of NAC-SOX for older patients with LAGC. This phase II study (KSCC1801) evaluated the safety and efficacy of NAC-SOX in patients aged ≥70 years with LAGC.
Methods: Patients received three cycles of SOX130 (oxaliplatin 130 mg/m2 on day 1, oral S-1 40–60 mg twice daily for 2 weeks every 3 weeks) as NAC, followed by gastrectomy with lymph node dissection. The primary endpoint was the dose intensity (DI). The secondary endpoints were safety, R0 resection rate, pathological response rate (pRR), overall survival, and relapse-free survival.
Results: The median age of 26 enrolled patients was 74.5 years. The median DI in NAC-SOX130 was 97.2% for S-1, and 98.3% for oxaliplatin. Three cycles of NAC were performed in 25 patients (96.2%), of whom 24 (92.3%) underwent gastrectomy with lymphadenectomy. The R0 resection rate was 92.3% and the pRR (≥grade 1b) was 62.5% (95% CI: 40.6–81.2). The major adverse events were neutropenia (20.0%), thrombocytopenia (11.5%), anorexia (11.5%), nausea (7.7%), and hyponatremia (7.7%). Postoperative complications of abdominal infection, elevated blood amylase, and bacteremia occurred in one patient each. Severe diarrhea and dehydration caused one treatment-related death.
Conclusions: NAC-SOX130 is feasible therapy in older patients, although systemic management and careful monitoring of adverse events are necessary.
Characterization of historical megathrust earthquake ruptures in Central Chile using logic tree analysis
Authors: Martin Javiera San , Calisto Ignacia , Quezada Jorge , Stewart Daniel , Ely Lisa , Cifuentes-Lobos Rodrigo , Moreno Marcos 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Characterizing the spatial distribution of ruptures from historical and recent earthquakes is key to understanding the seismic cycle of large earthquakes in subduction zones, and thus to assessing the potential risks associated with future earthquakes. Central Chile (35$^{\circ}$S-38$^{\circ}$S) has been continuously affected by large earthquakes, such as the 2010 Maule (Mw 8.8) and the 1835 earthquakes witnessed by Robert Fitzroy (HMS Beagle captain). Here, we identify the rupture pattern and tsunami propagation of the 1751, 1835, and 2010 mega-earthquakes, events that overlapped in central Chile, by compiling historical records and applying robust statistical tools. We used an adaptation of a logic tree methodology to generate random sources of slip distribution for each event, constrained by tsunami and deformation data. We find that the three events studied have different slip peaks. The 1751 earthquake has the largest slip with a maximum patch of $\sim$ 26 m, while the 2010 and 1835 earthquakes reach slips of $\sim$ 16 m and $\sim$ 10 m, respectively. Our results show that a part of the segment between 36$^{\circ}$S and 37$^{\circ}$S was consistently affected by large earthquakes, but with different slip and depth. The northern part of the segment accumulated energy for at least 300 years and was released by the 2010 earthquake. This work provides important information for identifying rupture patterns between historical and recent earthquakes, and highlights the importance of extending the time scale of earthquake slip distribution analyses to multiple cycles to describe both earthquake characteristics and their spatial relationship, and thus gain a better understanding of seismic hazard.
GPRC Molecular Dynamics Forecasting using Recurrent Neural Networks
Authors: López-Correa Juan Manuel , König Caroline , Vellido Alfredo 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are a large super-family of cell membrane proteins that play an important physiological role as transmitters of extra-cellular signals.Signal transmission through the cell membrane depends upon conformational changes in the transmembrane region of the receptor, which makes the investigation of the dynamics in these regions particularly relevant.Molecular dynamics simulations can provide information about the conformational states of the receptor at the atom level and Machine Learning methods can be useful tools for knowledge discovery from this information.
In this paper, Recurrent and Convolutional Neural Networks are used to predict the molecular dynamics of GPCRs in different conformations, using the \textbeta 2AR GPRC as an illustration of the process and focusing on specific receptor regions.Active and inactive states of the GPRC are analysed in six scenarios involving APO, Full Agonist (BI-167107) and Partial Inverse Agonist (carazolol) of the receptor. Three Machine Learning models with increasing complexity in terms of neural network architecture are evaluated and their results compared.Results show that the transmembrane helices are the regions whose dynamics are best predicted by these models.
Evaluation of the management of COVID-19 patients by general practitioners in France during the pandemic: how were best practices recommendations implemented?
Authors: Lutaud Romain , Fierling Thomas , Forte Jenny , Verger Pierre , tardieu sophie , toledano guillaume , gentile stephanie 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background: Since the first wave of COVID-19 in December 2019 general practitioners (GP) have had to be adaptive and to regularly update their practices.
This study aimed to assess GP practices in the management of adult patients with COVID-19 in the outpatient setting in France, and to describe GP difficulties in implementing related health authority recommandations, with a view to identifying areas for improvement.
Methods: A clinical audit was conducted on a sample of GP practicing in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in southeast France. Recruitment took place between March and June 2021 using a network sampling method until data saturation. Only GP who had treated more than 20 COVID-19 patients were included.
Results: The majority of GP (85.7%) stated that they had continuously adapted their COVID-19 management practices as updated recommendations were published. In contrast, the majority reported that they had not adapted their pratices to the specific needs of at-risk populations (i.e., people over 80 years old, those with stage B cirrhosis, immunocompromised patients, and women in the third trimester of pregnancy). Furthermore, clinical signs of COVID-19 specific to people over 80 years old were poorly known.
Conclusions: Despite rapidly evolving recommendations, and the fact that outpatient management is a major tool for reducing hospital burden, no study to date has investigated the clinical management of COVID-19 in the outpatient sector. Our study, conducted using a clinical audit, highlights the need to ensure GP are more aware of at-risk patients, the population most associated with hospital burden. This type of evaluation should be integrated into future epidemic crisis responses to ensure the implementation and dissemination of best practice recommendations.
Solubility of Aripiprazole in supercritical carbon dioxide: Experimental and modeling evaluations
Authors: Ansari Eslam , Honarvar Bizhan , Sajadian Seyed Ali , Aboosadi Zahra Arab , Azizi Mehdi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The solubility of compounds in supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) has found crucial significance in the fabrication of micro/nano-scaled drugs. In this research, the solubility of Aripiprazole was measured in SC-CO2 in various temperatures (308-338 K) and pressures (12-30 MPa). Moreover, the experimental solubility results were correlated with several semi-empirical models (Chrastil, Bartle et al., Kumar & Johnston, Menden-Santiago & Teja, Sodeifian et al., and Jouyban et al.) as well as the modified Wilson model. The molar fraction of the drug in SC-CO2 varied the range of 1.83 × 10-6 to 1.036 × 10-5. The solubility highly depended on operating pressure and temperature. The Chrastil (0.9936) and Sodeifian et al. (0.9923), and Jouyban et al. (0.9916) models showed the highest consistency with the obtained values. Furthermore, self-consistency tests were performed on the solubility of Aripiprazole in SC-CO2. The approximate total enthalpy (ΔHtotal), vaporization enthalpy (ΔHvap), and solubility enthalpy (ΔHsol) were also calculated.
Plant defensin gene PfPDF2 from Perilla frutescens confers high-level resistance to Alternaria brassicae and Botrytis cinerea in Brassica napus
Authors: Xu Huaxiang , Guo Xi , Bai Huiyang , Yu Jie , Shi Huimin , Lu Junxing , Zhu Bo , Zhang Tao 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background Plant defensins (PDF) are a group of small cysteine-rich peptides with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity that play important roles in the response of plant to abiotic stresses.Results In this study, Perilla frutescens PDF (PfPDF) genes were identified and functionally characterized. A total of 6 PfPDF genes were successfully cloned. Characterization analysis revealed that all PfPDF genes consisted of 2 exons and 1 intron and encoded 73 ~ 88 amino acids, each of which contained 8 cysteine residues. Phylogenetic analyses indicated that all PfPDFs were members of the PDF type I family. The expression of PfPDF genes showed wide tissue specificity. PfPDF1, PfPDF2 and PfPDF4 were expressed in stems, leaves, flowers and seeds, and PfPDF3 was expressed in leaves and seeds, while PfPDF5 and PfPDF6 were only expressed in seeds. Subsequently, PfPDF2, which was highly expressed in seeds, was transformed into Brassica napus to obtain transgenic plants. The total yield of transgenic B. napus was comparable to that of wild-type. Moreover, an in vitro antifungal bioactivity test on leaves revealed that the resistance to Alternaria brassicae and Botrytis cinerea was enhanced significantly in PfPDF2-overexpressing B. napus compared to that of the wild type. Analysis of differentially expressed genes in wild-type and transgenic B. napus showed that photosynthesis, fatty acid biosynthesis and metabolism pathways were significantly activated.Conclusions Overall, this study identified and characterized PDF genes from P. frutescens for the first time and clarified that PfPDF2 could be applied to produce crops with higher resistance to pathogens, providing unique insights and new genetic resources for molecular breeding.
Anti-protein glycation and free-radical scavenging properties of Sri Lankan antidiabetic medicinal plant Salacia reticulata l. (Kothala Himbutu)
Authors: Premakumara Galbada Arachchige Sirimal , Abeysekera Walimuni Kanchana Subhashini Mendis 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background: Decoctions of root and stem of the medicinal plant Salacia reticulata is an indigenous remedy for diabetics and its complications in Sri Lanka. In diabetics, the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) leads to many pathologies. Nevertheless, the anti-protein-glycation property of this plant is poorly documented. This study reports the anti-protein-glycation and radical scavenging potential of various plant parts of S. reticulata.
Methods: Hot water extracts (2g dried powder/50 ml) of root, stem, leaf, twigs, and fruits at various concentrations (15.6 to 500.0 µg/ml) were subjected to anti-glycation and glycation reversing assays in vitro. 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay was used for free radical scavenging property.
Results: Various plant parts of S. reticulata showed anti-protein-glycation and free-radical scavenging activities. IC50 for the anti-glycation activity of root, stem, leaf, twigs, and fruits extracts were 11.92 ± 1.14, 35.18 ± 2.79, 113.3 ± 1.91, 149.59 ± 1.06, and 1120.37 ± 229.48 µg/ml respectively. IC50 of Rutin was 21.88 ± 2.82 µg/ml. EC50 of the root, stem, twigs, and leaf extracts for glycation reversing was 102.09 ± 6.23, 116.99 ± 5.82, 154.45 ± 5.79, and 278.78 ± 14.19 µg/ml respectively. The EC50 values for the radical scavenging activity of leaf, stem, and roots were 26.4±4.7, 9.0±1.2, and 9.1±1.3 respectively. Root had significantly (p<0.05) high activity for all the parameters tested.
Conclusion: Salacia reticulata possess anti-glycation, glycation-reversing and free radical scavenging activities. Other than root and stem, the leaves and twigs too may be a useful source for anti-diabetic bioactive molecules.
Exome and Genome Sequencing to Unravel the Precise Breakpoints of Partial Trisomy 6q and Partial Monosomy 2q
Authors: Zhang Shuang , Cui Qianwei , Yang Shangying , Zhang Fangxia , Li Chunxia , Wang Xiaoguang , Lei Bo , Sheng Xunlun 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Uncovering the precise breakpoints of subchromosomal deletions and duplications could help to clarify the spectrum of the unbalanced translocation and detect the cause of congenital malformations and mental retardation in Children. However, it is challenging to capture the large segment of genomic variants using exome sequencing techniques. Here, we combine exome and genome sequencing techniques to secure the accurate breakpoints of a proband with both heterozygous microduplications in the 6q 25.3-q27region and microdeletions in the 2q37.1-q37.3 region.
Case presentation
Here, the Whole Exon Sequencing (WES) got clues about the pathological CNVs at chromosomes 2q and 6q but failed to detect the precisely related location. Then we applied the genome sequencing, as copy number variations sequencing (CNV-seq), to compensate for determining the accurate breakpoint sites. These sites could also be ensured by Oxford Nanopore sequencing (ONT) and Optical genome mapping (OGM). The proband showed de novo heterozygous copy number deletion with del(2)(q37.1q37.3)chr2:g.232963568_24305260del and copy number duplication with dup(6)(q25.3q27)chr6:g.158730978_170930050dup which derived from parental balanced translocation t(2;6)(q37.1-37.3;q25.3-27). Different from previous reports about the translocation of 2q and 6q, we get the accurate breakpoint, and the proband showed severe congenital cranial dysinnervation disorders(CCDD), and abnormal thorax development.
Conclusions
We conclude that it is highly efficient to combine exome and genome sequencing techniques to secure precise breakpoints of subchromosomal deletions and duplications derived from balanced translocation. And the genome sequencing techniques could be CNV-seq, ONT, or OGM.
Binomial-discrete Erlang-truncated exponential mixture and its application in Cancer Disease
Authors: El-Alosey Alaa R. , Eledum Hussein 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

The probability mass function of Binomial-discrete Erlang-truncated exponential distribution, a mixture of binomial distributions with the number of trials (parameter n) taken after a discrete Erlang-truncated exponential distribution, is demonstrated in this paper by utilizing the probability generating function method. A comprehensive mathematical treatment of the proposed distribution and expressions of its density, cumulative distribution function, survival function, failure rate function, Quantile function, moment generating function, Shannon entropy, order statistics, and stress-strength reliability, are provided. The model's parameters are estimated using the maximum likelihood method. Two real-world lifetime count data sets from the cancer disease, both of which are right-skewed and over-dispersed, are fitted using the proposed BDETE distribution to evaluate its efficacy and viability. We expect the findings to become standard works in probability theory and its related fields.
Combined application of manure and phosphorus fertilizer improved aggregate stability and phosphorus availability by improving soil organic carbon stock in coastal saline-alkaline soil
Authors: Gao Chunwei , Liu Jiangong , Zhang Shirong , Chen Mengmeng , Zhang Xiaoguang , Ding Xiaodong 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The high salt content in soil decreases soil structure and fertility. We inquired the effects of manure combined phosphorus (P) fertilizer on the soil organic carbon (SOC) stock, soil aggregate stability and P availability in coastal saline-alkali soil.
Methods
A 2-year field experiment was arranged with manure and P fertilization in saline-alkaline soil of Yellow River Delta including: four manure treatments (C0, C1, C2 and C3, which was 0, 500, 1000 and 2000 kg C ha− 1, respectively) under two P fertilization levels (P1 and P2, which was 105 and 75 kg P ha− 1, respectively).
Results
Compared with C0 treatment, soil available P (AP) and microbial P in C2 treatment was significantly increased under the two P levels (p < 0.05). Under same C treatment, optimized P application did not significantly reduce soil AP pool. Under the two P levels, compared with C0 treatment, the mean weight diameter and > 0.25 mm aggregates proportion were significantly increased in C2 treatment (p < 0.05). As the binder for macroaggregates formation, SOC stock was increased by 5.98% and 5.11% in P1C2 and P2C2 treatments, respectively. And humus content increased with manure application. The fulvic acid (FA) content in C3 treatment was highest. However, the humin (HU) content in C2 treatment was highest. This might be because the increase of FA improved the activity of microorganisms and decomposed part of HU. Soil physicochemical properties were increased with manure application.
Conclusions
Appropriate manure and optimized P fertilizer was conducive P availability, increased aggregate stability and SOC stock.
High-performance green moisture-electric generator based on supramolecular hydrogel with tens of milliamp electricity toward practical applications
Authors: Tao Xiaoming , Yang Su , Zhang Lei , Mao Jianfeng , Guo Jianmiao , Hao Jianhua , Chai Yang , Chen Wei 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Scavenging sustainable energy from moisture has emerged as a promising green technology to achieve carbon neutrality in next-generation energy suppliers. Besides, ecofriendly materials used for moisture-electric generators (MEGs) can add significant contributions to alleviate carbon emission. Until now, it is still a grand challenge for MEGs as a direct power supply for practical applications due to low power density and intermittent electric output. Herewith, we design a green MEG with high direct-current (DC) power output by introducing polyvinyl alcohol-sodium alginate based supramolecular hydrogel as active material. A single unit can generate an enhanced power density of up to 0.11 mW cm− 2, a milliamp-scale short-circuit current density of ca. 1.31 mA cm− 2 and an open-circuit voltage of ca. 1.30 V under moisture stimuli and room temperature. Such outstanding electric generation is mainly attributed to enhanced moisture absorption and remained water gradient to initiate ample dissociable ions transport within supramolecular hydrogel network by theoretical calculation and experiments. Of practical importance, a record-breaking enlarged current of ca. 65 mA is achieved by an integrated MEG bank with parallel connection. The high-power-output and scalable MEGs offer sufficient energy to directly power many commercial electronics in real-life scenarios, such as charging smart watch, illuminating a household bulb, driving a digital clock for one month. This work broadens the application paradigm of MEGs and provides new insight for constructing green, high-performance and scalable MEGs as sustainable energy source for Internet-of-Things and wearable applications.
Oral Health Knowledge, Attitude and Behavior among Dental &amp; Medical Students at Kabul University of Medical Sciences
Authors: Ehsan Hedayatullah , Ahmadzai Nazera , Orfani Zarlasht , Rezayee Bibi Marwa , Wally Moqadasa , Daftani Sardara 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objective: The study's goal was to find out how much dentistry and medical students at Kabul University of Medical Sciences knew about oral health, as well as their attitudes and behaviors toward dental health and oral hygiene routines.
Materials and Methods: From September 2022 to December 2022, cross-sectional research was conducted at Kabul University of Medical Sciences. A total of 496 dentistry and medical students (312 females and 184 males) aged 18–25 years old from 5 colleges of health and medical-related disciplines were addressed. All participants were given a thorough questionnaire with 30 amended items modified from Peterson et al. and Stenberg et al.
Results: 44.5% of the participants brushed their teeth twice per day, 41.3% once per day, and 9.31% more than twice per day, while just 4.7% cleaned their teeth less than once per day. Surprisingly, the majority of participants (91%) were aware of the significance of routine dental visits, and 51.3% of participants reported visiting the dentist frequently even while they experienced pain. 94% of students were of the opinion that brushing their teeth prevents dental decay. 93% of them agreed that using fluoride strengthens teeth, and 96% said that sweets are bad for teeth.
Conclusions: Oral health knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors are associated with the individual subject’s educational level. Females are more concerned about their oral health than males. And for better oral hygiene, there is a need for educational programs for the public.
Polarization dependent light propagation in WTe2 multilayer structure
Authors: Abdol S. Oskoui , Shojaei S. , Abdollahipour B. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
WTe 2 is one of the exciting and outstanding semimetallic members of TMDCs which has attracted immense attention for manipulating light propagation due to its inherent optical anisotropy and hyperbolic characteristic in the infrared frequency range. We investigate dependence of the reflectance and transmit-tance of a single layer and double layers of WTe2 thin film in terms of frequency and polarization angle of the incident wave. We find rich behaviors in the optical response of these structures due to their anisotropic permittivity tensors. Furthermore, we analyze the polarization rotation of transmitted and reflected waves through these structures. We demonstrate that these structures provide the ability to achieve desired polarization rotation for outgoing waves by tuning the frequency and polarization angle of the incident wave with respect to the principal axes of WTe2 thin film. In particular, we elucidate essential relevance of the optical response and polarization rotation of the double layer structure to the in-plain rotation angle of WTe2 thin films. We explain that this structure permits a comprehensive control of the polarization rotation of the outgoing waves by adjusting the angle between layers. The proposed structure can be employed as an efficient light manipulator with the aim of application in communication, imaging, and information processing.