bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A 16-year retrospective study of vascular anomalies in the head and neck region
Authors: Leyman Bernard , Govaerts Dries , Dormaar Jakob Titiaan , Meeus Jan , Bila Michel , Coropciuc Ruxandra , Willaert Robin , Politis Constantinus 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Summary
Depending on the diagnostic modality, the classification of vascular anomalies varies and so does the nomenclature. The ‘International Society for the Study of Vascular Anomalies’ (ISSVA) is the most widely accepted classification in the literature and is mainly based on the radiologic and clinical presentation. The aim of this article is to review the clinical practice of diagnosis and treatment of vascular anomalies in the head and neck region in a university hospital, with special focus on the nomenclature.
All patients with a vascular anomaly presenting to the department of oral and maxillofacial surgery were reviewed in a retrospective manner. Nomenclature, diagnostic process, lesion characteristics, treatment and outcome were examined. The lesions were (re)classified according to the ISSVA classification.
A total of 185 patients were identified, of which 12.4% (n = 23) had a congenital anomaly. After reclassification, the most common lesions were venous malformations (n = 47, 25.4%), followed by lobular capillary hemangiomas (n = 17, 9.2%). A group of 39 anomalies could not be further specified. One hundred and one patients (54,6%) received treatment, of which 93 were treated surgically (92,1% of treated patients). Endovascular treatment was considered in 41 patients but applied in only eight. This strict selection led to a low a complication rate.
We provide an overview of the clinical practice in the management of vascular anomalies in a university hospital. The histology report is a source of miscommunication because clinicians use the ISSVA classification, while pathologists use the WHO classification. Every professional involved should be aware of the differences in classification and nomenclature.
Segmentation and counting of wheat spike grains based on deep learning and textural feature
Authors: Xu Xin , Geng Qing , Gao Feng , Xiong Du , Qiao Hongbo , Ma Xinming 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Grain count is crucial to wheat yield composition and estimating yield parameters. However, traditional manual counting methods are time-consuming and labor-intensive. This study developed an advanced deep learning technique for the segmentation counting model of wheat grains. This model has been rigorously tested on three distinct wheat varieties: ‘Bainong 307’, ‘Xinmai 26’, and ‘Jimai 336’, and it has achieved unprecedented predictive counting accuracy.

Method
The images of wheat ears were taken with a smartphone at the late stage of wheat grain filling. We used image processing technology to preprocess and normalize the images to 480*480 pixels. A CBAM-HRNet wheat grain segmentation counting deep learning model based on the Convolutional Block Attention Module (CBAM) was constructed by combining deep learning, migration learning, and attention mechanism. Image processing algorithms and wheat grain texture features were used to build a grain counting and predictive counting model for wheat grains.

Results
The CBAM-HRNet model using the CBAM was the best for wheat grain segmentation. Its segmentation accuracy of 92.04%, the mean Intersection over Union (mIoU) of 85.21%, the category mean pixel accuracy (mPA) of 91.16%, and the recall rate of 91.16% demonstrate superior robustness compared to other models such as HRNet, PSPNet, DeeplabV3+ , and U-Net. Method I for spike count, which calculates twice the number of grains on one side of the spike to determine the total number of grains, demonstrates a coefficient of determination R2 of 0.85, a mean absolute error (MAE) of 1.53, and a mean relative error (MRE) of 2.91. In contrast, Method II for spike count involves summing the number of grains on both sides to determine the total number of grains, demonstrating a coefficient of determination R2 of 0.92, an MAE) of 1.15, and an MRE) of 2.09%.

Conclusions
Image segmentation algorithm of the CBAM-HRNet wheat spike grain is a powerful solution that uses the CBAM to segment wheat spike grains and obtain richer semantic information. This model can effectively address the challenges of small target image segmentation and under-fitting problems in training. Additionally, the spike grain counting model can quickly and accurately predict the grain count of wheat, providing algorithmic support for efficient and intelligent wheat yield estimation.
TFE3 nuclear expression as a novel biomarker of ovarian sclerosing stromal tumors and associated with its histological morphology
Authors: Zhao Li , Yang Zhongfeng , Zhou Yan , Liu Yuping , Luo Qiuping , Jiang Qingping , Wang Hui , Wang Na 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSclerosing stromal tumors of the ovary are benign and tend to occur in youthful women with lobular structures at low frequencies. Three types of cells, including luteinized cells, short spindle myoid cells, and intermediate cells, are found in the lobules which abundant in the blood vessels. Currently, immunohistochemistry is used to detect normal follicles, sclerosing stromal tumors, granulosa cell tumors, and fibromas/thecomas. Our research results showed that transcription factor enhancer 3 (TFE3) was moderate to strong positive in the theca interna layer of normal follicles. TFE3 was expressed in seven out of eight sclerosing stromal tumors, mainly in luteinized cells. It did not express in 20 granulosa cell tumors. Of the nine fibromas/thecomas, TFE3 was weakly staining in 2 cases and negative in the remaining 7 cases. The expression of TFE3 was also weak in only one microcystic stromal tumor. 8 cases of sclerosing stromal tumors were analyzed by FISH using a TFE3 separation probe, and the results were negative. In short, as a nuclear transcription protein, TFE3 specifically expressed in sclerosing stromal tumors and could serve as a new marker for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of sclerosing stromal tumors. Moreover, we speculate that TFE3 will promotes the formation of the vascular plexus after entry into the nucleus, which can further explain why sclerosing stromal tumors are different from other ovary sex-cord stromal tumors.
The antipsychotic medications aripiprazole, brexpiprazole and cariprazine are off-target respiratory chain complex I inhibitors
Authors: Hardy Rachel E. , Chung Injae , Yu Yizhou , Loh Samantha H. Y. , Morone Nobuhiro , Soleilhavoup Clement , Travaglio Marco , Serreli Riccardo , Panman Lia , Cain Kelvin , Hirst Judy , Martins Luis M. , MacFarlane Marion , Pryde Kenneth R. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAntipsychotic drugs are the mainstay of treatment for schizophrenia and provide adjunct therapies for other prevalent psychiatric conditions, including bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder. However, they also induce debilitating extrapyramidal syndromes (EPS), such as Parkinsonism, in a significant minority of patients. The majority of antipsychotic drugs function as dopamine receptor antagonists in the brain while the most recent ‘third’-generation, such as aripiprazole, act as partial agonists. Despite showing good clinical efficacy, these newer agents are still associated with EPS in ~ 5 to 15% of patients. However, it is not fully understood how these movement disorders develop. Here, we combine clinically-relevant drug concentrations with mutliscale model systems to show that aripiprazole and its primary active metabolite induce mitochondrial toxicity inducing robust declines in cellular ATP and viability. Aripiprazole, brexpiprazole and cariprazine were shown to directly inhibit respiratory complex I through its ubiquinone-binding channel. Importantly, all three drugs induced mitochondrial toxicity in primary embryonic mouse neurons, with greater bioenergetic inhibition in ventral midbrain neurons than forebrain neurons. Finally, chronic feeding with aripiprazole resulted in structural damage to mitochondria in the brain and thoracic muscle of adultDrosophila melanogasterconsistent with locomotor dysfunction. Taken together, we show that antipsychotic drugs acting as partial dopamine receptor agonists exhibit off-target mitochondrial liabilities targeting complex I.
Clinicopathological features of dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor: a case series
Authors: Rahim Shabina , Ud Din Nasir , Abdul-Ghafar Jamshid , Chundriger Qurratulain , Khan Poonum , Ahmad Zubair 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundDysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumors are rare benign supratentotrial epilepsy-associated glioneuronal tumors of children and young adults. Patients have a long history of seizures. Proper surgical resection achieves long term seizure control. We describe the clinicopathological features of dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor cases reported in our practice and review the published literature.MethodsAll cases of Pakistani ethnicity were diagnosed between 2015 and 2021 were included. Slides were reviewed and clinicopathological features were recorded. Follow-up was obtained. Extensive literature review was conducted.ResultsFourteen cases were reported. There were 12 males and 2 females. Age range was 9–45 years (mean 19 years). Majority were located in the temporal and frontal lobes. Duration of seizures prior to resection ranged from 2 months to 9 years with mean and median duration of 3.2 and 3 years, respectively. Histologically, all cases demonstrated a multinodular pattern, specific glioneuronal component, and floating neurons. Simple and complex forms comprised seven cases each. No significant nuclear atypia, mitotic activity, or necrosis was seen. Ki-67 proliferative index was very low. Cortical dysplasia was noted in adjacent glial tissue in four cases. Follow-up ranged from 20 to 94 months. Seizures continued following resection in all but one case but were reduced in frequency and intensity. In one case, seizures stopped completely following surgery.ConclusionClinicopathological features were similar to those in published literature. However, a marked male predominance was noted in our series. Seizures continued following resection in all but one case but were reduced in frequency and intensity. This series will help raise awareness among clinicians and pathologists in our part of the world about this seizure-associated tumor of children and young adults.
The existence, uniqueness, and stability results for a nonlinear coupled system using ψ-Caputo fractional derivatives
Authors: R Poovarasan , Kumar Pushpendra , Govindaraj V. , Murillo-Arcila Marina 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this article, we use coupled boundary conditions on a nonlinear system with ψ-Caputo fractional derivatives to derive new conclusions on the solution’s existence, uniqueness, and stability. We use the well-known tools of fixed-point theory to establish the proposed results. We give an example to verify the theoretical findings. The proposed existence, uniqueness, and stability analyses considering the ψ-Caputo fractional derivative are the novelty of this article.
A GATE simulation study for dosimetry in cancer cell and micrometastasis from the 225Ac decay chain
Authors: Koniar Helena , Miller Cassandra , Rahmim Arman , Schaffer Paul , Uribe Carlos 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Radiopharmaceutical therapy (RPT) with alpha-emitting radionuclides has shown great promise in treating metastatic cancers. The successive emission of four alpha particles in the 225Ac decay chain leads to highly targeted and effective cancer cell death. Quantifying cellular dosimetry for 225Ac RPT is essential for predicting cell survival and therapeutic success. However, the leading assumption that all 225Ac progeny remain localized at their target sites likely overestimates the absorbed dose to cancer cells. To address limitations in existing semi-analytic approaches, this work evaluates S-values for 225Ac’s progeny radionuclides with GATE Monte Carlo simulations.

Methods
The cellular geometries considered were an individual cell (10 µm diameter with a nucleus of 8 µm diameter) and a cluster of cells (micrometastasis) with radionuclides localized in four subcellular regions: cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, or whole cell. The absorbed dose to the cell nucleus was scored, and self- and cross-dose S-values were derived. We also evaluated the total absorbed dose with various degrees of radiopharmaceutical internalization and retention of the progeny radionuclides 221Fr (t1/2 = 4.80 m) and 213Bi (t1/2 = 45.6 m).

Results
For the cumulative 225Ac decay chain, our self- and cross-dose nuclear S-values were both in good agreement with S-values published by MIRDcell, with per cent differences ranging from − 2.7 to − 8.7% for the various radionuclide source locations. Source location had greater effects on self-dose S-values than the intercellular cross-dose S-values. Cumulative 225Ac decay chain self-dose S-values increased from 0.167 to 0.364 GyBq−1 s−1 with radionuclide internalization from the cell surface into the cell. When progeny migration from the target site was modelled, the cumulative self-dose S-values to the cell nucleus decreased by up to 71% and 21% for 221Fr and 213Bi retention, respectively.

Conclusions
Our GATE Monte Carlo simulations resulted in cellular S-values in agreement with existing MIRD S-values for the alpha-emitting radionuclides in the 225Ac decay chain. To obtain accurate absorbed dose estimates in 225Ac studies, accurate understanding of daughter migration is critical for optimized injected activities. Future work will investigate other novel preclinical alpha-emitting radionuclides to evaluate therapeutic potency and explore realistic cellular geometries corresponding to targeted cancer cell lines.
Spatio-chromatic vision with multifocal diffractive intraocular lens
Authors: Millan Maria S. , Clavé Laura , Torrents Aurora , Armengol Jesús , Vega Fidel 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
This study aims to detect alterations in the spatio-chromatic pseudophakic vision produced by multifocal diffractive intraocular lenses (IOLs) and provides a physical interpretation.

Methods
In vitro characterization of the imaging performance of two diffractive IOLs: AT LISA Tri (Zeiss) and FineVision (PhysIOL) in on-bench model eye illuminated with red (R, 625 nm), green (G, 530 nm) and blue (B, 455 nm) lights. We used the metrics: energy efficiency (EE), area under the modulation transfer function, longitudinal chromatic aberration (LCA), and halo intensity. Through-focus (TF) analysis and calculation of the expected defocus curve under white (W) daylight were included. In vivo visual acuity (VA) of 50 pseudophakics (60 eyes) was assessed under W, R, G, B lights at far and near. Two clinical experiments evaluated LCA and R, G, B TF-EE effects on pseudophakic vision and their relative importance.

Results
Clinical mean VA values under W light agreed with the predicted values at far and near for both IOLs. LCA measurements and R, G, B TF-EE curves were consistent with their lens design based on the 0th and 1st diffraction orders operative for far and near vision, respectively. LCA effects were compensated at near but noticed at far (− 0.75 D under B light). We detected strong asymmetry in visual resolution depending on the object distance and the illuminating wavelength—red predominance at far, blue predominance at near—in consistency with the TF-EE measurements.

Conclusions
Diffractive multifocal IOL designs produce asymmetries in the spatio-chromatic vision of pseudophakics beyond the alterations strictly due to LCA. VA asymmetry for far/near object distance under R and B illumination is clinically detectable in subjects implanted with IOLs with 0th and 1st diffraction orders for far and near vision, respectively. Such VA asymmetry cannot be explained solely from the influence of defocus, as would be derived from a chromatic difference of power, but mainly from the wavelength dependence of the EE.
Open banking and inclusive finance in the European Union: perspectives from the Dutch stakeholder ecosystem
Authors: Preziuso Massimo , Koefer Franziska , Ehrenhard Michel 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn the European Union (EU), the revised Payment Services Directive (PSD2) aims to provide more convenient and customized financial products through open banking (OB) platforms. However, little attention has been paid to the role of OB in improving the financial well-being of the growing number of the EU’s underserved groups, which currently constitute approximately a quarter of its population. This study examines how the PSD2 and OB impact inclusive finance in the EU based on the perspectives of the Netherlands’ ecosystem, one of the leaders in the EU’s financial technology (FinTech) landscape. A fundamental distinction can be drawn between the OB users and the ecosystem’s players. Regarding the impact of financial services on the users’ inclusivity, while the PSD2 strengthens the infrastructure necessary for financial inclusion, many challenges remain, mainly because it was not designed for this purpose. This study identifies several areas of improvement that include adjustments to the know your customer and anti-money laundering processes for underserved customers, innovative ways to communicate the PSD2’s potential, and the regulation of technology providers’ activities to build trust. Meanwhile, from the ecosystem’s position, there is a need to strengthen and improve microfinance regulation according to the opportunities provided by the PSD2 to support microfinance institutions (MFIs) in scaling up and reaching underserved clients across borders with innovative services. OB improvements can also be achieved by organizations formed by MFIs and FinTechs in collaboration with banks. Such hybrid institutions will combine the best features of each of them: knowledge of the needs of local underserved clients from MFIs, technological innovations from FinTechs, and large and trusted customer bases, infrastructures, and access to institutional investments and governments from banks. Finally, an EU inclusive OB sector depends on the centrality of trusted regulators as coordination bodies.
Predictors and dynamic online nomogram for postoperative delayed hyponatremia after endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary adenomas: a single-center, retrospective, observational cohort study with external validation
Authors: Cai Xiangming , Zhang An , Zhao Peng , Liu Zhiyuan , Aili Yiliyaer , Zeng Xinrui , Geng Yuanming , Du Chaonan , Yuan Feng , Zhu Junhao , Yang Jin , Tang Chao , Cong Zixiang , Liu Yuxiu , Ma Chiyuan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Postoperative delayed hyponatremia (PDH) is a major cause of readmission after endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery (eTSS) for pituitary adenomas (PAs). However, the risk factors associated with PDH have not been well established, and the development of a dynamic online nomogram for predicting PDH is yet to be realized. We aimed to investigate the predictive factors for PDH and construct a dynamic online nomogram to aid in its prediction.

Methods
We analyzed the data of 226 consecutive patients who underwent eTSS for PAs at the Department of Neurosurgery in Jinling Hospital between January 2018 and October 2020. An additional 97 external patients were included for external validation. PDH was defined as a serum sodium level below 137 mmol/L, occurring on the third postoperative day (POD) or later.

Results
Hyponatremia on POD 1–2 (OR = 2.64, P = 0.033), prothrombin time (PT) (OR = 1.78, P = 0.008), and percentage of monocytes (OR = 1.22, P = 0.047) were identified as predictive factors for PDH via multivariable logistic regression analysis. Based on these predictors, a nomogram was constructed with great discrimination in internal validation (adjusted AUC: 0.613–0.688) and external validation (AUC: 0.594–0.617). Furthermore, the nomogram demonstrated good performance in calibration plot, Brier Score, and decision curve analysis. Subgroup analysis revealed robust predictive performance in patients with various clinical subtypes and mild to moderate PDH.

Conclusions
Preoperative PT and the percentage of monocytes were, for the first time, identified as predictive factors for PDH. The dynamic nomogram proved to be a valuable tool for predicting PDH after eTSS for PAs and demonstrated good generalizability. Patients could benefit from early identification of PDH and optimized treatment decisions.
Bilateral sudden sensorineural hearing loss due to subcortical cerebral hemorrhage in a patient with Moyamoya disease: case report
Authors: Elmarawany Mohamed Nabil 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a chronic cerebrovascular occlusive disease that can results in a variety of neurological deficits. We describe a very rare presentation of MMD in the form of bilateral sudden sensorineural hearing loss after a second attack of subcortical cerebral haemorrhage.

Case presentation
A 44-year-old female presented with bilateral sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) secondary to an acute intracerebral haemorrhage in the left temporoparietal region. She had a previous haemorrhagic event in the right temporoparietal region two years ago. The two haemorrhagic events have apparently led to interruption of the auditory pathways bilaterally, resulting in sudden complete deafness. Digital subtraction angiography was done, and it showed bilateral occlusion of the internal carotid arteries, with the abnormal anastomotic vascular network at the base of the brain characteristic for MMD.

Conclusions
Subcortical hemorrhage due to MMD is a potential cause of bilateral SSNHL that can be diagnosed with early proper imaging. Bilateral damage of the auditory pathways is the likely cause of cortical deafness in this clinical scenario.
Formulation of low glycaemic index biscuits suitable for diabetics from unripe banana, okra, and stevia leaves / jujube fruit
Authors: Ngaha Wilfred Damndja , Tchabo William , Matsinkou Rosane Soh , Nyame Lola Kangue , Fombang Edith Nig 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBiscuits are the largest category of consumed snacks among bakery products, but their simple sugar and fat high content associate to low fiber content make them unsuitable for diabetics. This study aimed to formulate biscuits with low glycaemic index from the blend of unripe banana, okra and stevia leaves or jujube fruit for diabetics. To achieve this goal, unripe banana, fresh okra, stevia leaves and jujube fruits were purchased from a main market in Ngaoundere and processed into flours. Proximate composition of the flours was determined, and then, Design Expert software was used to formulate two different blends, Banana/Okra/Stevia (BOS) and Banana/Okra/Jujube (BOJ). According to the results of preliminary sensory tests done in the laboratory, three biscuits with stevia (BOS1, BOS2, BOS3), three biscuits with jujube (BOJ1, BOJ2, BOJ3), and a witness biscuit with table sugar as sweetener were formulated. After the physicochemical characterisation of formulated biscuits, animal experimentation was carried out in order to evaluate the postprandial evolution of blood glucose in rats after having ingested the biscuits, and the Glycaemic Index (GI) of produced biscuits. A hedonic test with 30 consumers was done, parameters assessed including colour, texture, taste, flavour, and overall acceptability. The results obtained show that unripe banana is mostly made of complex carbohydrates, while okra and stevia are good sources of fibers, confirming their importance in diabetic’s diet. All the biscuits produced with stevia and jujube did not raise the blood glucose compared to the witness biscuit made with table sugar. Biscuits produced with stevia leaves had a lower GI than those produced with jujube fruit among the biscuits produced with stevia leaves, BOS2 had the lowest GI, then the lowest increase of postprandial blood glucose in rats, and was the most appreciated by the consumers in terms of appearance, flavour, taste and overall acceptability. Therefore, BOS2 could be recommended as snack for diabetics.
Graphical Abstract