bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oral medicine in regional oral and maxillofacial surgery units: a five-year review
Authors: Lin Yen M. , Simms Melanie L. , Atkin Phil A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIntroduction This study looks at the amount of oral medicine activity in oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMFS) units in both South East Wales and South West England, and to consider the development of training programmes in oral medicine and OMFS, to determine how to best deliver a service which would benefit patients with oral medicine diagnoses.Materials and methods Following institutional approvals, local OMFS units in South East Wales and South West England collected data from OMFS outpatient clinics to determine what proportion of patient diagnoses fell within the scope of practice of oral medicine.Results In South East Wales in 2017, patients with oral medicine diagnoses formed 45% of total outpatient activity in OMFS outpatient clinics compared to 37% of patients in the South West of England in 2021. Patients with oral medicine diagnoses were predominantly female and in the older age groups.Discussion and conclusions Changing age demographics suggest that the demand for specialist oral medicine services will continue to rise. Outside of the university dental hospital setting, where all UK oral medicine units are currently located, there is a growing need for specialists in oral medicine to work alongside colleagues in OMFS in district general hospitals to provide specialist oral medicine care to an increasingly large and complex patient group, ideally as part of a managed clinical network.
Suppression of triple-negative breast cancer aggressiveness by LGALS3BP via inhibition of the TNF-α–TAK1–MMP9 axis
Authors: Sun Eun-Gene , Vijayan Veena , Park Mi-Ra , Yoo Kyung Hyun , Cho Sang-Hee , Bae Woo-Kyun , Shim Hyun-Jeong , Hwang Jun-Eul , Park In-Kyu , Chung Ik-Joo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTransforming growth factor-β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1), which is highly expressed and aberrantly activated in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), plays a pivotal role in metastasis and progression. This makes it a potential therapeutic target for TNBC. Previously, we reported lectin galactoside-binding soluble 3 binding protein (LGALS3BP) as a negative regulator of TAK1 signaling in the inflammatory response and inflammation-associated cancer progression. However, the role of LGALS3BP and its molecular interaction with TAK1 in TNBC remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the function and underlying mechanism of action of LGALS3BP in TNBC progression and determine the therapeutic potential of nanoparticle-mediated delivery of LGALS3BP in TNBC. We found that LGALS3BP overexpression suppressed the overall aggressive phenotype of TNBC cells in vitro and in vivo. LGALS3BP inhibited TNF-α-mediated gene expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9), which encodes a protein crucial for lung metastasis in TNBC patients. Mechanistically, LGALS3BP suppressed TNF-α-mediated activation of TAK1, a key kinase linking TNF-α stimulation and MMP9 expression in TNBC. Nanoparticle-mediated delivery enabled tumor-specific targeting and inhibited TAK1 phosphorylation and MMP9 expression in tumor tissues, suppressing primary tumor growth and lung metastasis in vivo. Our findings reveal a novel role of LGALS3BP in TNBC progression and demonstrate the therapeutic potential of nanoparticle-mediated delivery of LGALS3BP in TNBC.
Vascular mimicry induced by m6A mediated IGFL2-AS1/AR axis contributes to pazopanib resistance in clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Cheng Bo , Xie Mingyue , Zhou Yong , Li Tian , Liu Wanting , Yu Wenjing , Jia Man , Yu Shuang , Chen Lixuan , Dai Rongyang , Wang Ronghao 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMetastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is a lethal sub-type of kidney cancer. Vascular mimicry (VM) has been postulated as an alternative route to supply tumors with nutrients, playing key role in tumor development. Whether VM development is linked to pazopanib efficacy, however, remains unclear. Here, our in vitro and in vivo models identified that VM development was profoundly increased in pazopanib resistant ccRCC as compared to the sensitive controls, which was due to the activation of IGFL2-AS1/AR/TWIST1 signaling. IGFL2-AS1, a m6A modified long coding RNA, was demethylated by METTL3/METTL14 complex and stabilized owing to its failing recognition by YTHDF2 upon chronic pazopanib treatment. Further mechanistic dissection illustrated that IGFL2-AS1 physically interacted with the 5’-UTR AR mRNA and neutralized the negative regulation of 5’-uORF (upstream open reading frame) on AR translation. Indeed, IGFL2-AS1 short of AR binding region failed to promote AR expression, VM formation and pazopanib resistance. In vivo xenografted mouse model also elucidated that inhibition of AR activity with enzalutamide or silence of IGFL2-AS1 with siRNAs all led to retarded growth of pazopanib resistant ccRCC tumors. Together, these results suggest that IGFL2-AS1 may represent a key player to mediate pazopanib-induced VM formation of ccRCC cells via regulating AR expression and targeting this newly identified IGFL2-AS1/AR signaling may help us to better suppress ccRCC VM formation and to increase the therapeutic efficacy of pazopanib.
High-throughput screening of spike variants uncovers the key residues that alter the affinity and antigenicity of SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Luo Yufeng , Liu Shuo , Xue Jiguo , Yang Ye , Zhao Junxuan , Sun Ying , Wang Bolun , Yin Shenyi , Li Juan , Xia Yuchao , Ge Feixiang , Dong Jiqiao , Guo Lvze , Ye Buqing , Huang Weijin , Wang Youchun , Xi Jianzhong Jeff 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has elicited a worldwide pandemic since late 2019. There has been ~675 million confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases, leading to more than 6.8 million deaths as of March 1, 2023. Five SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) were tracked as they emerged and were subsequently characterized. However, it is still difficult to predict the next dominant variant due to the rapid evolution of its spike (S) glycoprotein, which affects the binding activity between cellular receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and blocks the presenting epitope from humoral monoclonal antibody (mAb) recognition. Here, we established a robust mammalian cell-surface-display platform to study the interactions of S-ACE2 and S-mAb on a large scale. A lentivirus library of S variants was generated via in silico chip synthesis followed by site-directed saturation mutagenesis, after which the enriched candidates were acquired through single-cell fluorescence sorting and analyzed by third-generation DNA sequencing technologies. The mutational landscape provides a blueprint for understanding the key residues of the S protein binding affinity to ACE2 and mAb evasion. It was found that S205F, Y453F, Q493A, Q493M, Q498H, Q498Y, N501F, and N501T showed a 3–12-fold increase in infectivity, of which Y453F, Q493A, and Q498Y exhibited at least a 10-fold resistance to mAbs REGN10933, LY-CoV555, and REGN10987, respectively. These methods for mammalian cells may assist in the precise control of SARS-CoV-2 in the future.
Structural basis of impaired disaggregase function in the oxidation-sensitive SKD3 mutant causing 3-methylglutaconic aciduria
Authors: Lee Sukyeong , Lee Sang Bum , Sung Nuri , Xu Wendy W. , Chang Changsoo , Kim Hyun-Eui , Catic Andre , Tsai Francis T. F. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMitochondria are critical to cellular and organismal health. To prevent damage, mitochondria have evolved protein quality control machines to survey and maintain the mitochondrial proteome. SKD3, also known as CLPB, is a ring-forming, ATP-fueled protein disaggregase essential for preserving mitochondrial integrity and structure. SKD3 deficiency causes 3-methylglutaconic aciduria type VII (MGCA7) and early death in infants, while mutations in the ATPase domain impair protein disaggregation with the observed loss-of-function correlating with disease severity. How mutations in the non-catalytic N-domain cause disease is unknown. Here, we show that the disease-associated N-domain mutation, Y272C, forms an intramolecular disulfide bond with Cys267 and severely impairs SKD3Y272C function under oxidizing conditions and in living cells. While Cys267 and Tyr272 are found in all SKD3 isoforms, isoform-1 features an additional α-helix that may compete with substrate-binding as suggested by crystal structure analyses and in silico modeling, underscoring the importance of the N-domain to SKD3 function.
Antichiral surface states in time-reversal-invariant photonic semimetals
Authors: Liu Jian-Wei , Shi Fu-Long , Shen Ke , Chen Xiao-Dong , Chen Ke , Chen Wen-Jie , Dong Jian-Wen 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBesides chiral edge states, the hallmark of quantum Hall insulators, antichiral edge states can exhibit unidirectional transport behavior but in topological semimetals. Although such edge states provide more flexibility for molding the flow of light, their realization usually suffers from time-reversal breaking. In this study, we propose the realization of antichiral surface states in a time-reversal-invariant manner and demonstrate our idea with a three-dimensional (3D) photonic metacrystal. Our system is a photonic semimetal possessing two asymmetrically dispersed Dirac nodal lines. Via dimension reduction, the nodal lines are rendered a pair of offset Dirac points. By introducing synthetic gauge flux, each two-dimensional (2D) subsystem with nonzero kz is analogous to a modified Haldane model, yielding a kz-dependent antichiral surface transport. Through microwave experiments, the bulk dispersion with asymmetric nodal lines and associated twisted ribbon surface states are demonstrated in our 3D time-reversal-invariant system. Although our idea is demonstrated in a photonic system, we propose a general approach to realize antichiral edge states in time-reversal-invariant systems. This approach can be easily extended to systems beyond photonics and may pave the way for further applications of antichiral transport.
Analyses of a chromosome-scale genome assembly reveal the origin and evolution of cultivated chrysanthemum
Authors: Song Aiping , Su Jiangshuo , Wang Haibin , Zhang Zhongren , Zhang Xingtan , Van de Peer Yves , Chen Fei , Fang Weimin , Guan Zhiyong , Zhang Fei , Wang Zhenxing , Wang Likai , Ding Baoqing , Zhao Shuang , Ding Lian , Liu Ye , Zhou Lijie , He Jun , Jia Diwen , Zhang Jiali , Chen Chuwen , Yu Zhongyu , Sun Daojin , Jiang Jiafu , Chen Sumei , Chen Fadi 
Published: April 2023

AbstractChrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.) is a globally important ornamental plant with great economic, cultural, and symbolic value. However, research on chrysanthemum is challenging due to its complex genetic background. Here, we report a near-complete assembly and annotation for C. morifolium comprising 27 pseudochromosomes (8.15 Gb; scaffold N50 of 303.69 Mb). Comparative and evolutionary analyses reveal a whole-genome triplication (WGT) event shared by Chrysanthemum species approximately 6 million years ago (Mya) and the possible lineage-specific polyploidization of C. morifolium approximately 3 Mya. Multilevel evidence suggests that C. morifolium is likely a segmental allopolyploid. Furthermore, a combination of genomics and transcriptomics approaches demonstrate the C. morifolium genome can be used to identify genes underlying key ornamental traits. Phylogenetic analysis of CmCCD4a traces the flower colour breeding history of cultivated chrysanthemum. Genomic resources generated from this study could help to accelerate chrysanthemum genetic improvement.
Lung-specific MCEMP1 functions as an adaptor for KIT to promote SCF-mediated mast cell proliferation
Authors: Choi Youn Jung , Yoo Ji-Seung , Jung Kyle , Rice Logan , Kim Dokyun , Zlojutro Violetta , Frimel Matthew , Madden Evan , Choi Un Yung , Foo Suan-Sin , Choi Younho , Jiang Zhongyi , Johnson Holly , Kwak Mi-Jeong , Kang Seokmin , Hong Brian , Seo Gil Ju , Kim Stephanie , Lee Shin-Ae , Amini-Bavil-Olyaee Samad , Maazi Hadi , Akbari Omid , Asosingh Kewal , Jung Jae U. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractLung mast cells are important in host defense, and excessive proliferation or activation of these cells can cause chronic inflammatory disorders like asthma. Two parallel pathways induced by KIT–stem cell factor (SCF) and FcεRI–immunoglobulin E interactions are critical for the proliferation and activation of mast cells, respectively. Here, we report that mast cell-expressed membrane protein1 (MCEMP1), a lung-specific surface protein, functions as an adaptor for KIT, which promotes SCF-mediated mast cell proliferation. MCEMP1 elicits intracellular signaling through its cytoplasmic immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif and forms a complex with KIT to enhance its autophosphorylation and activation. Consequently, MCEMP1 deficiency impairs SCF-induced peritoneal mast cell proliferation in vitro and lung mast cell expansion in vivo.Mcemp1-deficient mice exhibit reduced airway inflammation and lung impairment in chronic asthma mouse models. This study shows lung-specific MCEMP1 as an adaptor for KIT to facilitate SCF-mediated mast cell proliferation.
Remote substituent effects on catalytic activity of metal-organic frameworks: a linker orbital energy model
Authors: Wang Zhenzhen , Meng Huan , Gao Xuejiao J. , Zheng Jia-Jia , Gao Xingfa 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe Hammett equation is commonly used to theoretically depict the remote electronic effects of substituents on catalytic activities of metal nodes of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). However, the application of the theory to MOF catalysts usually encounters problems because it relies heavily on empirical parameters with unknown transferability. To develop an alternative prediction theory, the linker orbital energy model has been proposed by density functional theory calculations. The model provides a simple method to approximately depict the remote electronic substituent effects on catalytic activities of metal nodes of MOFs, and its general applicability to MOFs is supported by extensively revisiting the structure-activity relationships reported in the literatures. The model can be used to design catalytic activity of metal nodes of MOFs by engineering the electronic properties of linkers and substituents.
Stress corrosion cracking of X80 steel heat-affected zone in a near-neutral pH solution containing Bacillus cereus
Authors: Liu Bo , Yang Jike , Du Cuiwei , Liu Zhiyong , Wu Wei , Li Xiaogang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBacillus cereus (B. cereus) is observed to have varying effects on the stress corrosion cracking (SCC) sensitivity of different microstructures in the simulated heat-affected zone (HAZ) of X80 steel. At open circuit potential (OCP), the SCC sensitivity of different microstructures increased from 3.40–7.49% in an abiotic medium to 10.22–15.17% in a biotic medium. At −0.9 V (SCE), it increased from 22.81–26.51% to 35.76–39.60%. The increment in SCC sensitivity upon exposure to B. cereus was highest in the coarse-grained HAZ (7.68 and 16.79% at OCP and −0.9 V, respectively), followed by the intercritical and fine-grained HAZs. Owing to differences in the phase composition, grain boundary type, dislocation density, and surface volta potential, the initial adhesion number and position of B. cereus in the microstructure of the HAZ were differed, resulting in different sensitivities to SCC.
Boundaries of quantum supremacy via random circuit sampling
Authors: Zlokapa Alexander , Villalonga Benjamin , Boixo Sergio , Lidar Daniel A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractGoogle’s quantum supremacy experiment heralded a transition point where quantum computers can evaluate a computational task, random circuit sampling, faster than classical supercomputers. We examine the constraints on the region of quantum advantage for quantum circuits with a larger number of qubits and gates than experimentally implemented. At near-term gate fidelities, we demonstrate that quantum supremacy is limited to circuits with a qubit count and circuit depth of a few hundred. Larger circuits encounter two distinct boundaries: a return of a classical advantage and practically infeasible quantum runtimes. Decreasing error rates cause the region of a quantum advantage to grow rapidly. At error rates required for early implementations of the surface code, the largest circuit size within the quantum supremacy regime coincides approximately with the smallest circuit size needed to implement error correction. Thus, the boundaries of quantum supremacy may fortuitously coincide with the advent of scalable, error-corrected quantum computing.
Error statistics and scalability of quantum error mitigation formulas
Authors: Qin Dayue , Chen Yanzhu , Li Ying 
Published: April 2023

AbstractQuantum computing promises advantages over classical computing in many problems. Nevertheless, noise in quantum devices prevents most quantum algorithms from achieving the quantum advantage. Quantum error mitigation provides a variety of protocols to handle such noise using minimal qubit resources. While some of those protocols have been implemented in experiments for a few qubits, it remains unclear whether error mitigation will be effective in quantum circuits with tens to hundreds of qubits. In this paper, we apply statistics principles to quantum error mitigation and analyse the scaling behaviour of its intrinsic error. We find that the error increases linearly O(ϵN) with the gate number N before mitigation and sublinearly $$O({\epsilon }^{{\prime} }{N}^{\gamma })$$

O

(

ϵ

′

N

γ

)

after mitigation, where γ ≈ 0.5, ϵ is the error rate of a quantum gate, and $${\epsilon }^{{\prime} }$$

ϵ

′

is a protocol-dependent factor. The $$\sqrt{N}$$

N

scaling is a consequence of the law of large numbers, and it indicates that error mitigation can suppress the error by a larger factor in larger circuits. We propose the importance Clifford sampling as a key technique for error mitigation in large circuits to obtain this result.
The efficacious of AOP-based processes in concert with electrocoagulation in abatement of CECs from water/wastewater
Authors: Hajalifard Zeinab , Mousazadeh Milad , Khademi Sara , Khademi Nastaran , Jamadi Mehdi Hassanvand , Sillanpää Mika 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCombining electrocoagulation with another process is a potential strategy for increasing the efficiency of water and wastewater pollutant removal. The integration of advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) and electrocoagulation (EC) demonstrates improved performance. The mechanism of the EC combined with ozone (O3), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), sulfate radicals, electrooxidation (EO), Fenton/electro-Fenton, and UV is discussed. This review sheds light on EC-AOP hybrid processes in terms of their mechanisms, development, challenges, and their potential application for the removal of contaminants of emerging concern (CECs). The majority of the articles claimed improved performance of the EC process when combined with AOP as a pre-treatment, especially in terms of removing recalcitrant contaminants. For instance, the integrated EC-Fenton/photo-Fenton processes have been shown to be a promising treatment to virtually complete removal of the phenolic compounds in oil refinery wastewater. In EC-EO process, boron doped diamond (BDD) anode, despite being costly electrode, has the highest oxidation potential and is therefore the most suitable type for the mineralization of organic pollutants. PFASs are more effective at being removed from water through zinc and Ti4O7electrodes in EC-EO treatment. Furthermore, the peroxone and synergistic effects between O3and coagulants played almost equal dominant role to removal of ibuprofen using hybrid EC-O3. However, enough data for conducting these integrated processes at industrial scale or with real wastewaters do not exist, and so there is a lack for comprehensive and systematic approaches to address complexity of such systems. Although a great number of papers were focused on the degradation of effluents from different industries, viruses, and pharmaceuticals, there is not sufficient research in terms of the removal of herbicides, pesticides, microplastics, and micropollutants.
Perception, environmental determinants, and health complications of excess weight in India: a mixed methods approach
Authors: Barua Somdutta , Saikia Nandita 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn light of the high and rising prevalence of obesity, we studied females and males aged 25–54 years with excess weight in the Kolkata metropolitan region, one of India's main cities, to understand the perception, environmental determinants and health complications of obesity. We resorted to primary fieldwork. The close-ended quantitative survey questionnaire was designed to capture the perception and health complications of the sampled population, while a semi-structured interview guide comprising open-ended questions was prepared to capture the target population’s in-depth views. Following the WHO guidelines on BMI and WC cut-off for Asian adults, the sampled population comprised females and males aged 25–54 with a waist circumference of 80 cm and 90 cm or higher, respectively, and a BMI of 25 or higher in the Kolkata metropolitan area. Using a concurrent mixed methods approach, we collected and analysed quantitative and qualitative data separately using descriptive statistics and inductive coding before combining them. In the study area, we completed 120 surveys and 18 in-depth interviews. Some environmental factors promoting obesity were the lack of access to healthy, fresh foods, lack of health awareness programmes, advertisements, and weather conditions in Kolkata. Interview participants also extended their concerns about food adulteration and the food industry. Participants confirmed that obesity could increase the risk of developing diabetes, hypertension, cholesterol and heart disease. Further, participants felt squatting was challenging for them. Hypertension was the most common existing health complication found among the study participants. Participants suggested raising awareness, promoting and making access to healthy food and wellness programs more accessible, and regulating fast foods and sugary beverages at institutional, community and social/public policy levels to prevent obesity. Health education and better policies are required to combat obesity and related complications.
Virtual reality assessment of walking in a modifiable urban environment: a feasibility and acceptability study
Authors: Oselinsky Katrina , Spitzer Amanda N. , Yu Yiqing , Ortega Francisco R. , Malinin Laura H. , Curl Kelly A. , Leach Heather , Graham Dan J. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPhysical activity is known to be one of the most health-beneficial behaviors, and salutogenic design modifications to the built environment can facilitate increased physical activity. Unfortunately, it is not often clear in advance which environmental and urban design implementations will generate increases in activities such as walking, and which will have little impact or even reduce walking. The present study tested the feasibility and acceptability of a virtual reality (VR) model for pre-testing urban designs for their impact on walking. Using a wearable VR head-mounted display/computer, young adults (n = 40) walked freely through a large indoor gymnasium, simultaneously walking through a virtual model of an urban streetscape that was designed to be modifiable and allow for testing impacts on walking of various changes to the urban environment. The majority of participants found the experience to be acceptable: pleasant and nonaversive, and they walked freely through the VR model for approximately 20 min, on average. Using modifiable VR models to pre-test built-environment changes for their impacts on walking behavior appears to be a feasible and acceptable approach and worthy of continued research investigation.