bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Case Report: Optimum excision with split skin graft closure in the management of penile sebaceous carcinoma
Authors: Fam Xeng Inn , Liu Chian Yong , Md Pauzi Suria Hayati , Rizuana Iqbal Hussain 
Published: July 2023

Sebaceous carcinoma (SC) is a rare malignant skin neoplasm derived from the meibomian gland of adnexal epithelium, which is frequently confused with basal cell carcinoma (BCC), exhibiting sebaceous differentiation and commonly found in the head and neck regions. We report a case of penile sebaceous carcinoma, an extremely rare anatomical site for SC. A 68-year-old man presented with a 4-month history of painless, non-healing ulcerated nodules over the left side of the penile shaft. Wedge biopsy showed adenocarcinoma with signet ring differentiation. We proceeded with wide local excision (WLE) of the lesion with the inclusion of the indurated skin and 5 mm of normal margin, followed by primary closure of the scrotal defect and split skin grafting of the penile shaft by using a thigh skin donor. The final histopathological examination revealed sebaceous carcinoma with pagetoid spread. The patient achieved recurrence-free survival without any form of adjuvant therapy after 4 years of follow-up.
Construction of a prognostic signature associated with liver metastases for prognosis and immune response prediction in colorectal cancer
Authors: Liu Chang , Lu Zhihua , Yan Jun , Xue Dong , He Xiaoyu , Huang Wenbo , Sun Qi , Zhao Wei , Li Fanni 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundAs the most common gastrointestinal malignancy worldwide, liver metastases occur in half colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Early detection can help treat them early and reduce mortality in patients with colorectal cancer liver metastases (CRLM). Finding useful biomarkers for CRLM is thus essential.MethodsThe TCGA and GEO databases were used to download the expression profiles and clinical data of the patients. Differential analysis screened for genes associated with CRLM, and univariate Cox regression analysis identified genes associated with prognosis. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) method further preferred genes to construct a prognostic signature. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to show patients’ overall survival (OS). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves showed the accuracy of the model. Risk scores and clinical characteristics of patients were included in multivariate Cox regression analysis to identify independent risk factors, and a nomogram was constructed. The proportion of immune cells and infiltration were assessed using the ‘CIBERSORT’ package and the ‘ESTIMATE’ package.ResultsWe constructed a signature consisting of seven CRLM-associated genes, and signature-based risk scores have great potential in estimating the prognosis of CRC patients. Moreover, the poor response to immunotherapy in high-risk patients might contribute to the poor prognosis of individuals. Furthermore, we found that overexpression of Hepcidin antimicrobial peptide (HAMP), the only gene highly expressed in CRC and liver metastatic tissues, promoted CRC development and that it was associated with tumor mutation burden (TMB), DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes, and microsatellite instability (MSI) in various tumors. Finally, we found that in CRC patients, low expression of HAMP also represented a better immunotherapeutic outcome, reflecting the critical role of HAMP in guiding immunotherapy.ConclusionWe identified a prognostic signature containing 7 CRLM-associated genes, and the signature was specified as an independent predictor and a nomogram containing the risk score was built accordingly. In addition, the derived gene HAMP could help guide the exploration of profitable immunotherapeutic strategies.
Role of nucleus accumbens dopamine 2 receptors in motivating cocaine use in male and female rats prior to and following the development of an addiction-like phenotype
Authors: Towers Eleanor Blair , Williams Ivy L. , Qillawala Emaan I. , Lynch Wendy J. 
Published: July 2023

A hallmark of cocaine use disorder (CUD) is dysfunction of dopamine signaling in the mesolimbic pathway, including impaired dopamine 2 (D2) receptor signaling. One of the most replicated findings in human imagining studies is decreased striatal D2 receptor binding in individuals with a substance use disorder relative to healthy controls; however, the vast majority of the data is from males, and findings in smokers suggest this molecular shift may not translate to females. The goal of this study was to determine whether there are sex differences in the role of D2 receptors in motivating cocaine use prior to and following the development of an addiction-like phenotype (defined by an enhanced motivation for cocaine relative to the short-access, ShA, group). Here, male and female rats were given ShA (20 infusions/day, 3 days) or extended-access (ExA; 24h/day, 96 infusions/day, 10 days) to cocaine self-administration and then following 14 days of withdrawal, were tested under a progressive-ratio schedule to assess motivation for cocaine use. Once a stable level of motivation was established, the effect of NAc-infusions of the D2 receptor antagonist eticlopride (0–3.0 µg/side) were examined. We found that in males, eticlopride was less effective at decreasing motivation for cocaine following ExA versus ShA self-administration, particularly at low eticlopride doses. In contrast, in females, there were no differences in the effectiveness of eticlopride between ExA and ShA. These findings indicate that males, but not females, become less sensitive to NAc-D2 receptor antagonism with the development of an addiction-like phenotype.
Effects of dietary leucine on growth, antioxidant capacity, immune response, and inflammation in juvenile yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco
Authors: Feng Dexiang , Yu Yangping , Liu Kaifang , Su Yi , Fan Tianyu , Guo Xusheng , Li Ming 
Published: July 2023

The experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary leucine on growth, antioxidant capacity, immune response, and inflammation in juvenile yellow catfish. Five diets were formulated to contain five dietary leucine levels: 12.00 (control), 19.00, 26.00, 33.00, and 40.00 g kg−1. Each diet was randomly assigned to triplicate groups of 30 juvenile fish (5.02 ± 0.15 g) twice daily to apparent satiation for 56 days. Weight gain rate, specific growth rate, and activities of liver superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and serum lysozyme, as well as immunoglobulin M content, significantly increased with increase in dietary leucine levels up to 26.00 g kg−1, but those values decreased significantly with a further increase in dietary leucine. On the contrary, the lowest malondialdehyde content was found in 26.00 and 33.00 g kg−1 leucine groups. The expression levels of IGF 1 and MYF 5 genes in muscle were significantly upregulated with increase in dietary leucine levels up to 26.00 g kg−1, but the expression of MSTN level showed the opposite trend. The lowest expression levels of IL 8 and TNFɑ genes in the liver were found in 26.00 g kg−1 leucine groups. The quadratic regression analysis on weight gain, specific growth rate, and feed conversion ratio against dietary leucine levels indicated that the optimal dietary leucine requirement was estimated to be 26.84–27.00 g kg−1of the dry diet.
The potentials for incidental vocabulary acquisition from listening to computer science academic lectures: a higher education corpus-based case study from Macau
Authors: Reynolds Barry Lee , Xie Xiaowen (Serina) , Pham Quy Huynh Phu 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionUniversities in non-Anglophone countries are increasingly implementing English as the medium of instruction (EMI) lectures. There seems to be an assumption that students’ performance on standardized English examinations can be equated with the lexical knowledge needed to comprehend EMI lectures regardless of discipline. For unknown words students encounter, it is assumed that they can be picked up through listening to these lectures. This potential for students to acquire unknown words incidentally while listening to these lectures has yet to be fully explored.MethodsThis study addresses the potential of students incidentally acquiring vocabulary from listening to EMI lectures through corpus analyses of computer science lectures at one public university in Macau. Taking into consideration frequency, range, and lecturer explanation, corpus analyses of the transcripts of 28 computer science lectures (40 h 36 min) were conducted to determine the lexical knowledge needed for students to comprehend the lectures. The potential number of words these students could acquire through listening to the lectures was also uncovered through further analyses.ResultsResults showed that L2 students need to have receptive knowledge of the most frequent 3,000 word families plus proper nouns and marginal words to reach beyond 95% lexical coverage. To reach 98% lexical coverage, 5,000 word families are needed. Considering frequency, range, and teacher explanation, we concluded that 30 new words could reasonably be incidentally acquired after listening to the 28 lectures.DiscussionThese results indicate a need for EMI lecturers to consider the lexical knowledge of students and whether additional pedagogical techniques (i.e., vocabulary explanation) should be employed in content classrooms when lectures are delivered in English, especially for specialized fields such as computer science. Our results also draw attention to the importance of field specific vocabulary and the potential pitfalls of using blanket English language admissions criteria when admitting students to different academic programs.
Analysis of polyunsaturated fatty acids in antipsychotic-free individuals with at-risk mental state and patients with first-episode schizophrenia
Authors: Le Anh Thi Phuong , Higuchi Yuko , Sumiyoshi Tomiki , Itoh Hiroko , Sasabayashi Daiki , Takahashi Tsutomu , Suzuki Michio 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionAbnormalities in membrane phospholipids are considered one of the pathophysiological backgrounds for schizophrenia. This study, explores the fatty acid composition of erythrocyte membranes and its association with clinical characteristics in two groups: individuals with an at-risk mental state (ARMS) and patients experiencing their first-episode of schizophrenia (FES).Materials and methodsThis study measured erythrocyte membrane fatty acids in 72 antipsychotic-free individuals with ARMS, 18 antipsychotic-free patients with FES, and 39 healthy volunteers. Clinical symptoms and cognitive and social functions were assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia (BACS), Schizophrenia Cognition Rating Scale (SCoRS), and Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment Scale (SOFAS).ResultsEicosapentaenoic and docosapentaenoic acid levels were lower in the ARMS and FES groups than in the healthy control group. In contrast, nervonic acid (NA) levels were markedly higher in the ARMS and FES groups than in the controls, while only the FES group showed higher levels of arachidonic acid. Oleic acid and NA levels were significantly associated with PANSS scores in both the FES and ARMS groups, particularly for the negative and general subscores. However, the patient groups had no significant associations between the fatty acid composition and the BACS, SCoRS, and SOFAS scores. Furthermore, the baseline fatty acid composition did not differ between the ARMS individuals who later developed psychosis (N = 6) and those who were followed for more than 2 years without developing psychosis onset (N = 30).DiscussionThe findings suggest that abnormal fatty acid compositions may be shared in the early stages of schizophrenia and the clinical high-risk state for psychosis and may serve as vulnerability markers of psychopathology.
Exploring the bidirectional causal link between household income status and genetic susceptibility to neurological diseases: findings from a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Nong Weidong , Mo Gui , Luo Chun 
Published: July 2023

ObjectivesObservational studies have revealed that socioeconomic status is associated with neurological disorders and aging. However, the potential causal effect between the two remains unclear. We therefore aimed to investigate the causal relationship between household income status and genetic susceptibility to neurological diseases using a bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) study.MethodsAn MR study was conducted on a large-sample cohort of the European population pulled from a publicly available genome-wide association study dataset, using a random-effects inverse-variance weighting model as the main standard. MR-Egger regression, weighted median, and maximum likelihood estimation were also performed concurrently as supplements. A sensitivity analysis, consisting of a heterogeneity test and horizontal pleiotropy test, was performed using Cochran’s Q, MR-Egger intercept, and MR-PRESSO tests to ensure the reliability of the conclusion.ResultsThe results suggested that higher household income tended to lower the risk of genetic susceptibility to Alzheimer’s disease (odds ratio [OR]: 0.740, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.559–0.980, p-value = 0.036) and ischemic stroke (OR: 0.801, 95% CI = 0.662–0.968, p-value = 0.022). By contrast, higher household income tended to increase the risk of genetic susceptibility to Parkinson’s disease (OR: 2.605, 95% CI = 1.413–4.802, p-value = 0.002). No associations were evident for intracranial hemorrhage (OR: 1.002, 95% CI = 0.607–1.653, p-value = 0.993), cerebral aneurysm (OR: 0.597, 95% CI = 0.243–1.465, p-value = 0.260), subarachnoid hemorrhage (OR: 1.474, 95% CI = 0.699–3.110, p-value = 0.308), or epilepsy (OR: 1.029, 95% CI = 0.662–1.600, p-value = 0.899). The reverse MR study suggested no reverse causal relationship between neurological disorders and household income status. A sensitivity analysis verified the reliability of the results.ConclusionOur results revealed that the populations with a superior household income exhibit an increased predisposition of genetic susceptibility to Parkinson’s Disease, while demonstrating a potential decreased genetic susceptibility to ischemic stroke and Alzheimer’s disease.
Incidence, risk factors, management and prevention of severe postoperative epistaxis after endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery: a single center experience
Authors: Liu Xiaohai , Wang Pengfei , Li Mingchu , Chen Ge 
Published: July 2023

ObjectivePostoperative epistaxis is a very rare but severe complication after endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery (EETS) that can lead to catastrophic consequences. However, the incidence, risk factors, management and prevention of postoperative epistaxis remain unclear.Patients and methodsConsecutive patients with pituitary adenoma (PA), Rathke's cleft cyst, craniopharyngioma, or clival chordoma who received EETS in our department between September 2020 and November 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. The incidence, risk factors, management and prevention of postoperative epistaxis were investigated and analyzed.ResultsA total of 557 consecutive patients who received EETS were included in this study. Eight patients (1.4%) (7 PAs and 1 Rathke's cleft cyst) experienced severe postoperative epistaxis. The size of the PAs was 9.6 mm–46.2 mm, with a median size of 22.1 mm. Epistaxis occurred 4 h to 30 days (median 14.5 days) postoperatively. Bleeding was stopped in 3 patients after nasal packing with iodoform gauze. The remaining 5 patients for whom nasal packing was insufficient were all sent to the operating room, and posterior nasal septal artery (PNSA) bleeding was identified and successfully treated with endoscopic bleeding artery electrocauterization under general anesthesia. In the EETS, all 8 patients had downward extension of the septal mucosal incision, in which 6 had intraoperative bleeding of PNSA that were cauterized by bipolar diathermy. Four patients had causative factors, including administration of antiplatelet agents, Valsalva-like manoeuvre, nose blowing and removal of nasal packing, respectively. No patients had recurrent epistaxis during the follow-up period.ConclusionPost-EETS epistaxis is a rare but severe complication that could lead to catastrophic consequences, and one of the most common bleeding sources is the PNSA. Endoscopic bleeding artery electrocauterization under general anesthesia may be a safe, economic and effective measure for epistaxis refractory to nasal packing. Avoiding excessive downward extension of the septal mucosal incision could contribute to the prevention of postoperative epistaxis.
Myo-inositol improves the viability of boar sperm during liquid storage
Authors: Jawad Ali , Oh Dongjin , Choi Hyerin , Kim Mirae , Cai Lian , Lee Joohyeong , Hyun Sang-Hwan 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionLiquid preservation of boar semen is a highly preferred method for semen preservation in pig production. However, oxidative stress is the main challenge during the liquid preservation of boar semen in a time dependent manner. Therefore, supplementation of sperm with antioxidants during storage to protect them from oxidative stress has been the focus of recent research. Myo-inositol (Myo-Ins), the most active form of inositol, which belongs to the vitamin (Vit.) (B1 group has been shown to improve semen quality) (1). This study aimed to investigate whether Myo-Ins supplementation protects boar sperm in liquid preservation against oxidative stress and determine the appropriate concentration of Myo-Ins to be used in this regard.MethodsBoar sperm was diluted with a semen extender with different concentrations of Myo-Ins (2, 4, 6, and 8 mg/mL) depending on the previous studies (1, 24). Sperm motility and viability, plasma membrane and acrosome integrity, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), semen time survival, and gene expression were measured and analyzed on days 0, 1, 3, 5, and 7 for the different samples.ResultsDifferent concentrations of Myo-Ins exerted different protective effects on the boar sperm quality. The addition of 2 mg/mL Myo-Ins resulted in higher sperm motility and viability, plasma membrane and acrosome integrity, MMP, and effective survival time. Investigation of mRNA expression patterns via qRT-PCR suggested that the 2 mg/mL Myo-Ins sample had increased expression of antioxidative genes.ConclusionThe addition of Myo-Ins to semen extender improved the boar semen quality by decreasing the effects of oxidative stress during liquid preservation at 17°C. Additionally, 2 mg/mL is the optimum inclusion concentration of Myo-Ins for semen preservation.
Efficacy of a novel bivalent vaccine containing porcine circovirus type 2d and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae against a dual PCV2d and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae challenge
Authors: Ham Sehyeong , Suh Jeongmin , Oh Taehwan , Kim Chonghan , Seo Byoung-Joo , Chae Chanhee 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundInformation on efficacy of a novel bivalent vaccine containing porcine circovirus type 2d (PCV2d) and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae.ObjectiveTo evaluate bivalent vaccine for efficacy under experimental conditions.AnimalsClinically healthy 35 weaned piglets at 18 days of age were used.MethodsA 2.0 mL dose of bivalent vaccine was administered intramuscularly to pigs at 21 days of age in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions. The pigs were challenged at 42 days of age either intranasally with PCV2d, or intratracheally with M. hyopneumoniae, or with both.ResultsVaccinated-challenged pigs improved the growth performance compared to pigs that were unvaccinated and then, challenged. Vaccinated-challenged pigs elicited a significant amount of protective immunity for PCV2d-specific neutralizing antibodies and interferon-γ secreting cells (IFN-γ-SC) as well as for M. hyopneumoniae-specific IFN-γ-SC compared to unvaccinated/challenged pigs. Induction of systemic cellular and humoral immune responses from bivalent vaccination reduced the viral and mycoplasmal loads in the blood and larynx. Vaccination and challenge simultaneously reduced both lung and lymphoid lesion severity when compared to unvaccinated-challenged pigs.DiscussionThe results of this study demonstrated that the evaluated bivalent PCV2d and M. hyopneumoniae vaccine was efficacious in protecting pigs from the most predominant PCV2d genotype in the field today, as evaluated with a dual PCV2d and M. hyopneumoniae challenge under experimental conditions.
Competencias informacionales en radiodifusores: miradas desde la alfabetización informacional
Authors: Ribadeneira-Aroca Kepler , León Bone Nathaly , Alcívar Vásquez María Pía 
Published: July 2023

Las competencias informacionales en los actuales momentos demuestran el dominio de las fuentes, recursos y suministros informativos que deben ser adaptados a las prácticas profesionales. El objetivo de la investigación fue analizar la competencia informacional de los comunicadores de Radio Capital de Portoviejo, Radio Farra y Radio Sono Onda. Se utilizó una metodología cuantitativa, respalda en los estándares de la AI para periodistas, el instrumento fue aplicado de manera presencial donde participaron 16 personas que laboran en la cadena de generación de contenido para los programas de noticias. La información fue procesada en Excel para ser expuesta en tablas con porcentajes de incidencia. En el resultado construye y pone en práctica estrategias de investigación diseñadas eficazmente tres de los cuatro indicadores tienen valoraciones positivas, no así el referido al uso de los operadores booleanos que implica una competencia propia de la Alfabetización Informacional que va más allá de la teoría y la práctica de la formación periodística. La Alfabetización Informacional, como disciplina, aporta competencias a los radiodifusores para fortalecer la cadena de producción de noticias al hacerlos más conscientes de las etapas que supone el ciclo de satisfacción de una necesidad de información y de sus audiencias, las cuales necesitan información relevante, seleccionada entre lo irrelevante, para ayudarlas en la toma de decisiones.
PALABRAS CLAVE: Alfabetización informacional; competencias informacionales; periodismo; vinculación periodística.
Informational skills in radio diffusers: perspectives from information literacy
ABSTRACT
Information competencies at the present time demonstrate mastery of information sources, resources and supplies that must be adapted to professional practices. The objective of the research was to analyse the informational competence of communicators from Radio Capital de Portoviejo, Radio Farra and Radio Sono Onda. A quantitative methodology was used, based on the IA standards for journalists, and the instrument was applied in person with the participation of 16 people who work in the chain of content generation for news programmes. The information was processed in Excel to be displayed in tables with incidence percentages. In the result, three of the four indicators have positive evaluations, but not the one referring to the use of Boolean operators, which implies a competence specific to Information Literacy that goes beyond the theory and practice of journalism training. Information Literacy, as a discipline, provides competencies to broadcasters to strengthen the news production chain by making them more aware of the stages involved in the cycle of satisfying an information need and of their audiences, who need relevant information, selected from the irrelevant, to help them make decisions.
KEYWORDS: Information literacy; information competences; journalism; journalistic linkage.