bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cystic neutrophilic granulomatous mastitis: sensitivity and specificity of 16s rRNA and Sanger sequencing forCorynebacteriumspp
Authors: Yang Ellen , Kozak Robert , Nofech-Mozes Sharon , Salvant Elsa , Olkhov-Mitsel Ekaterina , Slodkowska Elzbieta , Plotkin Anna , Hanna Wedad , Lu Fang-I 
Published: January 2023

AimsCystic neutrophilic granulomatous mastitis (CNGM) is a subtype of granulomatous mastitis (GM) associated withCorynebacteriumspp infection. We aimed to analyse the prevalence of Corynebacteria in CNGM and non-CNGM cases.MethodsBreast specimens diagnosed as granulomatous inflammation between 2010 and 2020 were reviewed to identify a CNGM cohort and a non-CNGM cohort. Polymerase chain reaction-based identification of Corynebacteria by 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) primers, followed by confirmatory Sanger sequencing (SS), was performed on all cases. Clinical, radiological and microbiology data were retrieved from the electronic patient records.ResultsTwenty-eight CNGM cases and 19 non-CNGM cases were identified. Compared with the non-CNGM cohort, patients in the CNGM cohort were more likely to be multiparous (p=0.01), breast feeding (p=0.01) and presenting with a larger breast mass (p<0.01), spontaneous drainage (p=0.05) and skin irritation (p<0.01). No significant difference in the prevalence ofCorynebacteriabetween the cohorts (7% vs 11%, p=0.68) by microbiological culture was identified. Compared with microbiology culture, the sensitivity and specificity of each Corynebacterial detection method were 50% and 81% for Gram stain, and 25% and 100% for 16S rRNA combined with SS. Regardless of the diagnosis, patients positive forCorynebacteriawere more likely to have a persistent disease (p<0.01).ConclusionCNGM presents as a large symptomatic breast mass in multiparous breastfeeding women. The importance of adequate sampling and repeated microbiology culture in conjunction with sequencing on all GM cases with persistent disease is paramount.
Higgs boson decay into gluons in a 4D regularization: IR cancellation without evanescent fields to NLO
Authors: Pereira Ana , Cherchiglia Adriano , Sampaio Marcos , Hiller Brigitte 
Published: January 2023

AbstractHiggs decay using an effective Higgs–Yang-Mills interaction in terms of a dimension five operator as well as usual QCD interactions is revisited in the context of Implicit Regularization (IReg) and compared with conventional dimensional regularization (CDR), four dimensional helicity (FDH) and dimensional reduction (DRED) schemes. The decay rate for $$H \rightarrow gg(g)$$

H
→
g
g
(
g
)

is calculated in this strictly four-dimensional set-up to $$\alpha _s^3$$

α
s
3

order in the strong coupling. Moreover we include joint processes that contribute at the same perturbative order in the real emission channels consisting of 3 gluons as well as gluon quark–antiquark final states with light (zero mass) quarks. Unambiguous identification and separation of UV from IR divergences is achieved putting at work the renormalization group scale relation inherent to the method. UV singularities are removed as usual by renormalization, the IR divergences are cancelled due to the method’s compliance with the Kinoshita–Lee–Nauenberg (KLN) theorem. Most importantly, we verify that no evanescent fields such as $$\epsilon $$
ϵ
-scalars need be introduced as required by some mixed regularizations that operate partially in the physical dimension.
Effect of cosmic rays irradiation on the phase change characteristics of an on-orbit fixed point
Authors: Chen Yiru , Xia Caijuan , Song Jian , Sima Rui-Heng , Zhou Jingjing , Liu Yang , Tian Xiaofeng , Zhang Qingxian , Hao Xiaopeng 
Published: January 2023

AbstractUsing the phase change characteristics of fixed points to trace the temperature of a spaceborne calibration blackbody is an important technical means to carry out the high-precision on-orbit calibration of thermal infrared remote sensors. In contrast to an experimental environment on the ground, a fixed point will produce radiation damage in the high-energy cosmic rays environment and may affect the phase change characteristics. This study investigates the effect of radiation damage caused by cosmic rays irradiation on the phase change characteristics of fixed points in a spaceborne calibration blackbody. In this research, the simulation method of molecular dynamics was used to simulate the irradiation damage effect of a strong cosmic rays environment on fixed-point indium (In). The experimental system was established to measure the phase change curves of samples with different irradiation doses, and then, the influence of irradiation on the phase change characteristics of the samples was analyzed. The results showed that most of the energy of irradiation was deposited on the In fixed point, resulting in the migration of 0.3% of the displacement atoms inside the In to the gap position to form the Frenkel pairs (FPs). The overcooling of the irradiated In fixed point was reduced by 0.3 $$^\circ \hbox {C}$$

∘

C

, the phase change temperature was increased by 30 mK, and the phase change plateau was more stable.
Phase shifts of the light pseudoscalar meson and heavy meson scattering in heavy meson chiral perturbation theory
Authors: Huang Bo-Lin , Lin Zi-Yang , Chen Kan , Zhu Shi-Lin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe calculate the complete T matrices of the elastic light pseudoscalar meson and heavy meson scattering to the third order in heavy meson chiral perturbation theory. We determine the low-energy constants by fitting the phase shifts and scattering lengths from lattice QCD simulations simultaneously and predict the phase shifts at the physical meson masses. The phase shifts in the $$D\pi (I=1/2)$$

D
π
(
I
=
1
/
2
)

, $$DK(I=0)$$

D
K
(
I
=
0
)

, $$D{\bar{K}}(I=0)$$

D

K

¯

(
I
=
0
)

, $$D_s{\bar{K}}$$

D
s

K

¯

, $$D\eta $$

D
η

and $$D_s\eta $$

D
s

η

S waves are so strong that bound states or resonances may be generated dynamically in all these channels. The $$DK(I=0)$$

D
K
(
I
=
0
)

channel corresponds to the well-known exotic state $$D_{s0}^{*}(2317)$$

D

s
0

∗

(
2317
)

. The $$DK(I=0)$$

D
K
(
I
=
0
)

channel corresponds to the well-known exotic state $$D_{s0}^{*}(2317)$$

D

s
0

∗

(
2317
)

. The coupled-channel $$D\pi $$

D
π

, $$D\eta $$

D
η

and $$D_s{\bar{K}}$$

D
s

K

¯

scattering corresponds to $$D_{0}^{*}(2400)$$

D

0

∗

(
2400
)

. The coupled-channel $$D\pi $$

D
π

, $$D\eta $$

D
η

and $$D_s{\bar{K}}$$

D
s

K

¯

scattering corresponds to $$D_{0}^{*}(2400)$$

D

0

∗

(
2400
)

. We also predict the scattering lengths and scattering volumes and observe good convergence in the scattering volumes. Our calculations provide a possibility to accurately investigate the exotic state in the light pseudoscalar meson and heavy meson interactions.
MODCN: Fine-Tuned Deep Convolutional Neural Network with GAN Deployed to Forecast Diabetic Eye Damage in Fundus Retinal Images
Authors: Joseph Jovi , Sreela S. R. 
Published: January 2023

Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) and Glaucoma are two of the most common causes of vision loss world-wide. However, it can be averted if therapy is begun early enough. In biomedical applications, the use of digital image processing has assisted in the automated identification of some ailments at an earlier stage. To make this prediction generally neural network classifier models were previously used, but these models have the drawback of being unable to detect multiple illnesses that occur in the eye at the same time and require a big database for successful classifier training. As a result, a model is needed to reliably distinguish DR and Glaucoma in diabetic individuals more accurately and with minimum dataset images. In this view, this study introduced Mayfly Optimized Deep Convolutional Network (MODCN) model for automated disease detection in the fundus retina images. In the MODCN model, the images are initially preprocessed, segmented at generator in the GAN model then a discriminator readily gives synthesis of real images of the fundus retina, thus a wide database has been created and considered as training images for the MODCN classifier. MODCN classifier has a modified high-density layer as a transition layer to avoid overfitting and the errors are minimized by tuning the hyperparameters using Mayfly Optimization Algorithm. After feature mapping, the classes normal, DR and Glaucoma are labeled and stored. At the testing stage, images are preprocessed, feature mapped and classified in the MODCN model. Thus, the proposed MODCN model detects multiple illness such as Diabetic Retinopathy and Glaucoma at the same time even with a small amount of database that performs a successful classifier training. This model is then evaluated and gives an accuracy of 99% that was higher compared to previous models.
Hemodynamic Profiling and Prognosis in Cardiac Amyloidosis
Authors: Martens Pieter , Bhattacharya Sanjeeb , Longinow Joshua , Ives Lauren , Jacob Miriam , Valent Jason , Hanna Mazen , Tang W.H. Wilson 
Published: January 2023

Background:
Little information is available on the prognostic relevance of cardiac hemodynamic cutoffs in cardiac amyloidosis (CA) and its subtypes.

Methods:

Consecutive patients diagnose with light chain-CA or transthyretin CA undergoing right heart catheterization were analyzed. Prognostic relevance of classic hemodynamic cutoffs of cardiac index (CI <2.2 L/min per m
2
), pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (>18 mm Hg), right atrial pressure (>8 mm Hg), and mean pulmonary artery pressure (≥25 mm Hg or pulmonary hypertension) with the combined end point of cardiac transplant/left ventricular assist device and death and heart failure admissions separately was assessed.

Results:

A total of 469 CA patients underwent right heart catheterization (light chain CA=42% and transthyretin CA=52%) of whom 69%, 64%, and 79% had elevated right atrial pressure, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, and pulmonary hypertension, respectively. The classic hemodynamic cutoffs for right atrial pressure (hazard ratio, 1.26 [0.98–1.62]) and mean pulmonary artery pressure (hazard ratio, 1.28 [0.96–1.71]) did not identify patients at higher risk for adverse outcome; however, cutoffs of 14 mm Hg for right atrial pressure (hazard ratio, 1.59 [1.26–2.00]) and 35 mm Hg for mean pulmonary artery pressure (hazard ratio, 1.30 [1.01–1.66]) performed better to detect worse outcome (
P
<0.05 for both). Reduced CI occurred in 55% of patients and was the strongest variable associated with the risk for cardiac transplant/left ventricular assist device and death, heart failure admissions, and reduced functional capacity. Reduced CI independently predicted risk on top of the Mayo-score in light chain CA and National Amyloid Center score in transthyretin CA (
P
<0.05 for both). Patients with light chain CA had higher pulmonary capillary wedge pressure and lower stroke volume index but maintained CI through a higher heart rate.

Conclusions:
Hemodynamic variables are grossly abnormal in CA, but elevated filling pressures are prognostic at significantly higher threshold values than classic cutoff values. CI is the hemodynamic variable most strongly associated with outcome and functionality in CA.
Urinary cGMP (Cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate)/BNP (B-Type Natriuretic Peptide) Ratio, Sacubitril/Valsartan, and Outcomes in Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction: An Analysis of the PARADIGM-HF Trial
Authors: Butt Jawad H. , Ibrahim Wasyla , Dewan Pooja , Desai Akshay S. , Køber Lars , Prescott Margaret F. , Lefkowitz Martin P. , Rouleau Jean L. , Solomon Scott D. , Zile Michael R. , Packer Milton , Jhund Pardeep S. , McMurray John J.V. 
Published: January 2023

Background:
The ratio of ucGMP (urinary cyclic guanosine monophosphate) to BNP (B-type natriuretic peptide) is thought to reflect the responsiveness of tissues to natriuretic peptides.

Methods:
We examined the relationship between ucGMP/BNP ratio and clinical outcomes, the effect of sacubitril/valsartan, compared with enalapril, on the ucGMP/BNP ratio, and the efficacy of sacubitril/valsartan on clinical outcomes according to baseline ucGMP/BNP ratio in PARADIGM-HF trial (Prospective Comparison of ARNI With ACEI to Determine Impact on Global Mortality and Morbidity in Heart Failure). ucGMP/BNP ratio was available at baseline (N=2031), 1 month (N=1959), and 8 months after randomization (N=1746). The primary outcome was a composite of heart failure hospitalization or cardiovascular death.

Results:

Compared with the lowest tertile of baseline ucGMP/BNP ratio, patients in the higher tertiles had a lower risk of the primary outcome (tertile 1, reference; tertile 2, hazard ratio 0.57 [95% CI, 0.45–0.71]; tertile 3, hazard ratio, 0.54 [0.43–0.67]). Compared with baseline, the ucGMP/BNP ratio at 1 month and 8 months after randomization was higher with sacubitril/valsartan than with enalapril: ratio of geometric mean ratios at 1 month, 1.38 (95% CI, 1.27–1.51) and 8 months, 1.32 (95% CI, 1.20–1.45), and this difference was consistent across tertiles of ucGMP/BNP ratio at baseline (
P
interaction
=0.19 and 0.91, respectively). The effect of sacubitril/valsartan, compared with enalapril, was consistent across tertiles of ucGMP/BNP ratio at baseline for all outcomes (
P
interaction
≥0.31).

Conclusions:
In patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction, higher ucGMP/BNP ratio was associated with better outcomes. Sacubitril/valsartan increased the ucGMP/BNP ratio, compared with enalapril, and the effect of sacubitril/valsartan on clinical outcomes was not modified by baseline ucGMP/BNP ratio.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique Identifier: NCT01035255.
Sex Differences in Associations Between Socioeconomic Status and Incident Hypertension Among Chinese Adults
Authors: Ma Han , Liu Fangchao , Li Jianxin , Chen Jichun , Cao Jie , Chen Shufeng , Liu Xiaoqing , Yang Xueli , Huang Keyong , Shen Chong , Yu Ling , Zhao Yingxin , Wu Xianping , Zhao Liancheng , Li Ying , Hu Dongsheng , Huang Jianfeng , Lu Xiangfeng , Gu Dongfeng 
Published: January 2023

Background:
With rapid socioeconomic development and transition, associations between socioeconomic status (SES) and hypertension remained uncertain in China. We aimed to examine the health effects of SES on hypertension incidence and explore the sex differences among Chinese adults.

Methods:
We included 53 891 participants without hypertension from the China-PAR (Prediction for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk in China) project. SES was evaluated by education level, occupation prestige, and household monthly per capita income, and categorized into low, medium, and high groups. Hazard ratios and their 95% CIs were calculated using Cox proportional hazards regression models.

Results:
Compared with high SES, participants with medium SES (hazard ratio, 1.142 [95% CI, 1.068–1.220]) or low SES (hazard ratio, 1.166 [95% CI, 1.096–1.241]) had increased risks of incident hypertension in multivariate analyses. Interactions between SES and sex on hypertension were observed, with more pronounced adverse effects of lower SES among women. The corresponding hazard ratios (95% CIs) for low SES group were 1.270 (1.155–1.397) for women and 1.086 (0.999–1.181) for men. Effects of occupation prestige on hypertension were the strongest among SES factors.

Conclusions:
Our study provided the compelling evidence from China that lower SES was associated with incident hypertension and women were more susceptible. These findings will have substantial implications on future hypertension prevention and management, especially among women. Sex-specific approaches are warranted to reduce socioeconomic disparities.
Improvement in Blood Pressure Control in Safety Net Clinics Receiving 2 Versions of a Scalable Quality Improvement Intervention: BP MAP A Pragmatic Cluster Randomized Trial
Authors: Fontil Valy , Modrow Madelaine Faulkner , Cooper‐DeHoff Rhonda M. , Wozniak Gregory , Rakotz Michael , Todd Jonathan , Azar Kristen , Murakami Linda , Sanders Margaret , Chamberlain Alanna M. , O'Brien Emily , Lee April , Carton Thomas , Pletcher Mark J. 
Published: January 2023

Background
Uncontrolled blood pressure (BP) remains a leading cause of death in the United States. The American Medical Association developed a quality improvement program to improve BP control, but it is unclear how to efficiently implement this program at scale across multiple health systems.

Methods and Results

We conducted BP MAP (Blood Pressure Measure Accurately, Act Rapidly, and Partner With Patients), a comparative effectiveness trial with clinic‐level randomization to compare 2 scalable versions of the quality improvement program: Full Support (with support from quality improvement expert) and Self‐Guided (using only online materials). Outcomes were clinic‐level BP control (<140/90 mm Hg) and other BP‐related process metrics calculated using electronic health record data. Difference‐in‐differences were used to compare changes in outcomes from baseline to 6 months, between intervention arms, and to a nonrandomized Usual Care arm composed of 18 health systems. A total of 24 safety‐net clinics in 9 different health systems underwent randomization and then simultaneous implementation. BP control increased from 56.7% to 59.1% in the Full Support arm, and 62.0% to 63.1% in the Self‐Guided arm, whereas BP control dropped slightly from 61.3% to 60.9% in the Usual Care arm. The between‐group differences‐in‐differences were not statistically significant (Full Support versus Self‐Guided=+1.2% [95% CI, −3.2% to 5.6%],
P
=0.59; Full Support versus Usual Care=+3.2% [−0.5% to 6.9%],
P
=0.09; Self‐Guided versus Usual Care=+2.0% [−0.4% to 4.5%],
P
=0.10).

Conclusions
In this randomized trial, 2 methods of implementing a quality improvement intervention in 24 safety net clinics led to modest improvements in BP control that were not statistically significant.

Registration

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT03818659.
Influence of Social Determinants of Health on Heart Failure Outcomes: A Systematic Review
Authors: Enard Kimberly R. , Coleman Alyssa M. , Yakubu R. Aver , Butcher Briona C. , Tao Donghua , Hauptman Paul J. 
Published: January 2023

Background
Prior research suggests an association between clinical outcomes in heart failure (HF) and social determinants of health (SDoH). Because providers should identify and address SDoH in care delivery, we evaluated how SDoH have been defined, measured, and evaluated in studies that examine HF outcomes.

Methods and Results
Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analysis guidelines, databases were searched for observational or interventional studies published between 2009 and 2021 that assessed the influence of SDoH on outcomes. Selected articles were assessed for quality using a validated rating scheme. We identified 1373 unique articles for screening; 104 were selected for full‐text review, and 59 met the inclusion criteria, including retrospective and prospective cohort, cross‐sectional, and intervention studies. The majority examined readmissions and hospitalizations (k=33), mortality or survival (k=29), and success of medical devices and transplantation (k=8). SDoH examined most commonly included race, ethnicity, age, sex, socioeconomic status, and education or health literacy. Studies used a range of 1 to 9 SDoH as primary independent variables and 0 to 7 SDoH as controls. Multiple data sources were employed and frequently were electronic medical records linked with national surveys and disease registries. The effects of SDoH on HF outcomes were inconsistent because of the heterogeneity of data sources and SDoH constructs.

Conclusions
Our systematic review reveals shortcomings in measurement and deployment of SDoH variables in HF care. Validated measures need to be prospectively and intentionally collected to facilitate appropriate analysis, reporting, and replication of data across studies and inform the design of appropriate, evidence‐based interventions that can ameliorate significant HF morbidity and societal costs.
Differential Associations of Cystatin C Versus Creatinine‐Based Kidney Function With Risks of Cardiovascular Event and Mortality Among South Asian Individuals in the UK Biobank
Authors: Chen Debbie C. , Lees Jennifer S. , Lu Kaiwei , Scherzer Rebecca , Rutherford Elaine , Mark Patrick B. , Kanaya Alka M. , Shlipak Michael G. , Estrella Michelle M. 
Published: January 2023

Background
South Asian individuals have increased cardiovascular disease and mortality risks. Reliance on creatinine‐ rather than cystatin C–based estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFRcys) may underestimate the cardiovascular disease risk associated with chronic kidney disease.

Methods and Results

Among 7738 South Asian UK BioBank participants without prevalent heart failure (HF) or atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, we investigated associations of 4 eGFRcys and creatinine‐based estimated glomerular filtration rate categories (<45, 45–59, 60–89, and ≥90 mL/min per 1.73 m
2
) with risks of all‐cause mortality, incident HF, and incident atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. The mean age was 53±8 years; 4085 (53%) were women. Compared with creatinine, cystatin C identified triple the number of participants with estimated glomerular filtration <45 (n=35 versus n=113) and 6 times the number with estimated glomerular filtration 45 to 59 (n=80 versus n=481). After multivariable adjustment, the eGFRcys 45 to 59 category was associated with higher risks of mortality (hazard ratio [HR], 2.38 [95% CI, 1.55–3.65]) and incident HF (sub‐HR [sHR], 1.87 [95% CI, 1.09–3.22]) versus the eGFRcys ≥90 category; the creatinine‐based estimated glomerular filtration rate 45 to 59 category had no significant associations with outcomes. Of the 7623 participants with creatinine‐based estimated glomerular filtration rate ≥60, 498 (6.5%) were reclassified into eGFRcys <60 categories. Participants who were reclassified as having eGFRcys <45 had higher risks of mortality (HR, 4.88 [95% CI, 2.56–9.31]), incident HF (sHR, 4.96 [95% CI, 2.21–11.16]), and incident atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (sHR, 2.29 [95% CI, 1.14–4.61]) versus those with eGFRcys ≥90; those reclassified as having eGFRcys 45 to 59 had double the mortality risk (HR, 2.25 [95% CI, 1.45–3.51]).

Conclusions
Among South Asian individuals, cystatin C identified a high‐risk chronic kidney disease population that was not detected by creatinine and enhanced estimated glomerular filtration rate–based risk stratification for mortality, incident HF, and incident atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.