bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feasibility of an Enhanced Therapy Model of Care for Hospitalized Stroke Patients
Authors: Pruski April , Lavezza Annette , Ye Bingqing , Langton-Frost Nicole , Orient Stephanie , Adeyemo Jessica , Zink Elizabeth K. , Daley Kelly , Bahouth Mona N. 
Published: January 2023

Introduction
The aim of this study was to determine the safety and feasibility of an enhanced therapy model for hospitalized stroke patients.

Methods
This was a quasi-experimental cohort study of acute stroke patients from a single hospital. In the intervention group, all hospitalized patients on the acute stroke service were seen by at least two therapy disciplines daily in addition to routine stroke care. The comparison group consisted of all patients admitted to the same stroke service 1 year before who received the standard of care. The primary endpoint was the number of completed therapy sessions. Exploratory endpoints compared the length of hospital stay, hospital readmission rates, and degree of disability measured by the 90-day modified Rankin Scale score.

Results
A total of 1110 records were analyzed with 553 subjects in the intervention group and 557 in the control group. The intervention group received a significantly higher number of therapy sessions. There was no significant difference in length of hospital stay. However, 30-day readmission rates were lower, and the percentage of patients who achieved a good functional outcome on the modified Rankin Scale was higher during the intervention period.

Conclusion
Increasing exposure to intensive multidisciplinary therapy comparable with that of acute inpatient rehabilitation in the hospital setting is feasible and may reduce both readmission rates and disability.
Bringing High-Dose Neurorestorative Behavioral Training Into the Acute Stroke Unit
Authors: Bahouth Mona N. , Zink Elizabeth K. , Ahmad Omar , Roy Promit , Zeiler Steven R. , Urrutia Victor C. , Krakauer John W. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Stroke remains common and is a leading cause of adult disability. While there have been enormous system changes for the diagnosis and delivery of hyperacute stroke treatments at comprehensive stroke centers, few advances have been made in those same centers for treatments focused on behavioral recovery and brain repair. Specifically, during the early hospital period, there is a paucity of approaches available for reduction of impairment beyond what is expected from spontaneous biological recovery. Thus, patients in the early stroke recovery period are not receiving the kind of training needed, at the requisite intensity and dose, to exploit a potential critical period of heightened brain plasticity that could maximize true recovery instead of just compensation. Here, we describe an ongoing pilot program to reconfigure the acute stroke unit experience to allow for a new emphasis on brain repair. More specifically, we have introduced a novel room-based video-gaming intervention; restorative neuroanimation, into the acute stroke hospital setting. This new intervention provides the opportunity for an extra hour(s) of high-intensity neurorestorative behavioral treatment that is complementary to conventional rehabilitation. To accomplish this, system redesign was required to insert this new treatment into the patient day, to properly stratify patients behaviorally and physiologically for the treatment, to optimize the digital therapeutic approach itself, and to maintain the impairment reduction after discharge.
Understanding the Relationship Between Perseveration, Comorbid Behavioral Symptoms, Motor Decline, Functional Decline, and Self-report Accuracy in Huntington Disease Can Help Inform Clinical Practice
Authors: Liu Andy M. , Koppel Erin , Anderson Karen E. 
Published: January 2023

Background:
Perseveration is one of the most debilitating symptoms of Huntington disease (HD).

Objective:
To study perseveration and its relationship to comorbid behavioral symptoms, motor decline, functional decline, and subject self-report accuracy by analyzing cross-sectional data tracking individuals who have or are at risk for HD and healthy controls (HC).

Method:
We studied 96 individuals from HD families and 35 HC who were either family controls or gene negative. We used χ2 tests to compare patient demographic and survey outcomes data and to analyze the presence of obsessions and compulsions (OC), depression, and apathy relative to the presence of perseveration.

Results:
Individuals with HD and perseveration had a higher presence of OC, depression, and apathy compared with individuals with HD of the same stages without perseveration (19%, 47.6%, and 47.6% vs 15%, 40%, and 25%, respectively). In addition, individuals in HD Stages 1–3 with higher motor scores (showing a later stage of disease) displayed a significantly higher rate of perseveration than the HC (P = 0.0476; P = 0.0499, respectively). The presence of an informant resulted in a significantly higher rate of perseveration reporting for individuals in HD Stages 1 and 2 (41.2% and 53.8% with informant vs 23.5% and 11.1% without informant, respectively).

Conclusion:
Perseveration was seen across all motor and functional stages for the individuals with HD, without significant differences between the different stages. Additionally, informants were beneficial to obtaining accurate patient reports of perseveration. These findings should prove useful for physician evaluation and treatment considerations.
Phage DNA polymerase prevents deleterious on-target DNA damage and enhances precise CRISPR/Cas9 editing
Authors: Yang Qiaoyan , Abebe Jonathan S. , Mai Michelle , Rudy Gabriella , Kim Sang Y. , Devinsky Orrin , Long Chengzu 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCommon unintended chromosomal alterations induced by CRISPR/Cas9 in mammalian cells, particularly on-target large deletions and chromosomal translocations present a safety challenge for genome editing. Base editing and prime editing that can precisely introduce desired edits without double-stranded breaks and exogenous DNA templates face their own challenges. Thus, there is still an unmet need to develop safer and more efficient editing tools. We screened diverse DNA polymerases of distinct origins and identified T4 DNA polymerase derived from phage T4 that greatly prevents undesired on-target large deletions and chromosomal translocations while increasing the proportion of precise 1- to 2-base-pair insertions generated during CRISPR/Cas9 editing (termed CasPlus). CasPlus induced substantially fewer on-target large deletions while increasing the efficiency to correct common frameshift mutations inDMD(exon 52 deletion) and restored higher level of dystrophin expression than Cas9-alone in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. Moreover, CasPlus can greatly reduce the frequency of on-target large deletions in mouse germline editing. In multiplexed guide RNAs mediating gene editing, CasPlus represses chromosomal translocations while maintaining gene disruption efficiency that is higher or comparable to Cas9 in primary human T cells. Therefore, CasPlus offers a safer and more efficient gene editing strategy to treat pathogenic variants or to introduce genetic modifications in human applications.
Neuronal activity-driven O-GlcNAcylation promotes mitochondrial plasticity
Authors: Yu Seungyoon B. , Sanchez Richard G. , Papich Zachary D. , Whisenant Thomas C. , Ghassemian Majid , Koberstein John N. , Stewart Melissa L. , Pekkurnaz Gulcin 
Published: January 2023

SUMMARYNeuronal activity is an energy-intensive process that is largely sustained by instantaneous fuel utilization and ATP synthesis. However, how neurons couple ATP synthesis rate to fuel availability is largely unknown. Here, we demonstrate that the metabolic sensor enzyme O-GlcNAc transferase regulates neuronal activity-driven mitochondrial bioenergetics. We show that neuronal activity upregulates O-GlcNAcylation mainly in mitochondria. Mitochondrial O-GlcNAcylation is promoted by activity-driven fuel consumption, which allows neurons to compensate for high energy expenditure based on fuel availability. To determine the proteins that are responsible for these adjustments, we mapped the mitochondrial O-GlcNAcome of neurons. Finally, we determine that neurons fail to meet activity-driven metabolic demand when O-GlcNAcylation dynamics are prevented. Our findings suggest that O-GlcNAcylation provides a fuel-dependent feedforward control mechanism in neurons to optimize mitochondrial performance based on neuronal activity. This mechanism thereby couples neuronal metabolism to mitochondrial bioenergetics and plays a key role in sustaining energy homeostasis.
Motivational background of work addiction: the role of perceived demanding organizational conditions
Authors: Morkevičiūtė Modesta , Endriulaitienė Auksė 
Published: January 2023

PurposeIn the literature, work addiction is proposed to be considered a construct that requires an extensive approach for understanding it; consequently, it should be analyzed as the interaction between personal and situational factors. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to examine the mediating role work motivation plays in the relationship between perceived demanding organizational conditions and employee work addiction.Design/methodology/approachA cross-sectional study was conducted on a convenience sample of 669 workers from different organizations in Lithuania. Data were collected using online self-administered questionnaire. To test a mediation model, a structural equation modeling path analysis was performed.FindingsDemanding organizational conditions (i.e. work addiction of a manager, the workload, a work role conflict, a competitive organizational climate and the family-unsupportive organizational environment) were related to increased work addiction through higher extrinsic motivation. The mediator of intrinsic motivation yielded different results: the indirect relationship between demanding organizational conditions and work addiction was significant only at lower levels of intrinsic motivation. Even having controlled work motivation as a mediator, the proposed direct links remained significant in most cases.Originality/valueThe study gives a profound understanding of work addiction and explains the mechanism activated by an organization that is of great importance for its development and maintenance.
Factors influencing university students in conducting ecotourism
Authors: Sánchez-Torres Javier A. , Hernández Fernández Yuri Lorene , Perlaza Lopera Carolina 
Published: January 2023

PurposeThis study examines the factors that influence the ecotourist behavior of university students. The understanding of what motivates these students can inform future suggestions for strategies and actions in ecotourism.Design/methodology/approachThe study was applied to university students of the University of Medellín, Colombia. It was an exploratory empirical study that surveyed a total of 696 students.FindingsThe results show that students with a positive attitude toward ecology tend to be interested in nature-related activities, therefore generating an intention to engage in ecotourism. The authors found that those who view ecotourism as an activity that promotes fun and happiness tend to engage more frequently in these activities.Originality/valueThis study is of great interest for research in motivational theory, specifically the analysis of personality profiles and how these relate to specific tourism behaviors. The findings of this study strongly suggest that those interested in the management and development of ecotourism should establish practices and programs that consider factors such as tourist segmentation, effective communication of the positive qualities of ecotourism and environmental stewardship involved in these activities.
Innovative profiles of TQM in banking management. The relationship between employee training and risk mitigation
Authors: Testa Mario , D'Amato Antonio , Singh Gurmeet , Festa Giuseppe 
Published: January 2023

PurposeThis paper aims to investigate the relationship between employee training and bank risk to verify whether and to what extent an increase in employee training, as a soft component of total quality management (TQM), affects bank risk.Design/methodology/approachThe research adopts a panel regression, based on a unique dataset of a sample of Italian banks over the period 2011–2018, to test whether employee training affects bank risk, measured alternatively in terms of Z-score, a proxy of bank stability and non-performing loans (NPLs)/gross loans ratio as a proxy of credit risk.FindingsResearch findings reveal that increasing employee training leads to growing bank stability. In contrast, credit risk is not affected by employee training. However, by investigating training heterogeneity, this study found that the increase in the number of managerial training hours, as a proxy for soft skills training, negatively impacts credit risk. Therefore, an increase in soft skills leads to a reduction in bank credit risk.Research limitations/implicationsThis study provides empirical evidence in support of the relationship between employee training and bank risk, which seems novel in the literature. From a managerial point of view, this study highlights the need for banks to pay attention to the skills, particularly soft skills, that banks' employees must possess to effectively manage bank risk and, more specifically, the core bank risk.Originality/valueEmpirical evidence on the relationship between employee training, soft/hard skills and bank risk appears limited if not absent. Therefore, the findings provide insights for a more nuanced interpretation of variables that affect bank risk.
iGlarLixi versus premixed insulin initiation in adults with type 2 diabetes advancing from basal insulin therapy: The SoliComplex real‐world study
Authors: Lajara Rosemarie , Heller Caroline , Pantalone Kevin M. , Lew Elisheva , Li Xuan , Dex Terry , Kilpatrick Catherine Rachel 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimTo compare outcomes in adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) suboptimally controlled with basal insulin who initiated treatment with iGlarLixi or premixed insulin.MethodsThis retrospective real‐world analysis was conducted using data from adults (age ≥ 18 years) with T2D in the US Optum Clinformatics database who had previously received basal insulin and newly initiated iGlarLixi or premixed insulin. Cohorts were propensity‐score matched on baseline characteristics using a greedy nearest neighbour‐matching algorithm, and outcomes were assessed at 12 months. Subgroup analyses were performed for those aged 65 years or older and those with a baseline HbA1c of 9% or higher. The primary endpoint was treatment persistence in the overall population. Secondary endpoints were treatment adherence, healthcare resource utilization (HRU), costs, hypoglycaemia events and change in HbA1c from baseline.ResultsEach cohort comprised 834 participants. In the overall population, treatment persistence at 12 months was statistically significantly higher for iGlarLixi versus premixed insulin: 42.5% versus 39.1%; hazard ratio 0.88; 95% confidence interval 0.778‐0.998; P = .0465. Adherence and HbA1c reduction were similar between groups, whereas hypoglycaemia events, HRU and costs were numerically lower for iGlarLixi. Outcomes in both the age 65 years or older subgroup and in those with an HbA1c of 9% or higher were consistent with those for the overall population.ConclusionsIn this observational study in people with T2D suboptimally controlled on basal insulin, once‐daily iGlarLixi was an effective treatment alternative to premixed insulin with significantly higher treatment persistence, similar adherence and HbA1c reduction, and numerically lower hypoglycaemia events, HRU and costs, regardless of age or baseline HbA1c.
European Federation of Neurological Societies: parent to the European Academy of Neurology
Authors: Olesen Jes 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackground and purposeThe European Academy of Neurology (EAN) is a vigorous organization of great importance for all neurologists and for our patients. But how did neurology get organized at the European level? That is the topic of this article.MethodsMost important sources are memories and documents of the author, who was a moving force in developing the European Federation of Neurological Societies (EFNS), one of the two parents of the EAN.ResultsAll European national neurological societies and the World Federation of Neurology were involved in a difficult political interaction resulting in the EFNS. Organizational and administrative development was the initial task. Scientific panels led by a scientific committee, teaching courses for young neurologists, teaching courses in middle and eastern Europe and successful congresses were developed. The purchase of headquarters as well as the creation of a fully owned scientific journal (European Journal of Neurology) were important and financially beneficial. The EFNS also promoted the formation of the European Brain Council and of the patient organization European Federation of Neurological Associations. All these elements have continued after fusion with the European Neurological Society to form the EAN.ConclusionThe very successful development of the EFNS has largely been carried on into the EAN.
CuGaO2/TiO2 heterostructure nanosheets: Synthesis, enhanced photocatalytic performance, and underlying mechanism
Authors: Li Jia‐Qi , Zhao Qing‐Meng , Zhou Yong‐Dong , Zhao Zong‐Yan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractEffective separation and fast transport of photogenerated carriers are vital links determining the photocatalytic performance. Heterostructure constructed by two complementary semiconductors is a feasible strategy to achieve this goal. By one‐pot hydrothermal method, 0D‐TiO2 nanoparticles are loaded onto 2D‐CuGaO2 nanosheets, forming a mixed dimension, closely combined heterostructure. The photocurrent density of CuGaO2/TiO2 heterostructure is ∼16.6 μA/cm2, which is 1.24 times higher than that of pristine CuGaO2 nanosheets (∼13.4 μA/cm2) and 15 times higher than that of TiO2 (∼1.1 μA/cm2). In the tetracycline hydrochloride degradation experiment, the degradation efficiency of tetracycline hydrochloride by CuGaO2/TiO2 heterostructure reached 99% within 90 min, which was 1.2 times the degradation efficiency of CuGaO2 nanoparticles (82%) and 20.2 times the degradation rate of TiO2 (4.9%). A series of experimental characterizations combined with density functional theory calculations revealed that it is the built‐in electric field in the CuGaO2/TiO2 interface region that drives the photogenerated electron–hole pairs to travel in the opposite direction, thus inhibiting their recombination. Furthermore, the energy band offset of the CuGaO2/TiO2 interface makes it easier for the photogenerated holes and electrons to gather onto the valence band of the CuGaO2 nanosheets and the conduction band of the TiO2 nanoparticles, respectively. Therefore, appropriate interface lattice matching, suitable configuration of band gap and band edge positions, and strong opposite drive of interface electric field enable CuGaO2/TiO2 heterostructure to achieve wide spectral response and effective separation of photogenerated electron–hole pairs at the same time.
Variation in the parasite communities of three co‐occurring herbivorous coral reef fishes
Authors: Motson Katie , Hutson Kate S. , Hoey Andrew S. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractParasites are important, diverse, and abundant components of natural ecosystems and can influence the behaviour and health of their hosts, inter‐ and intraspecific interactions, and ultimately community structure. Coral reefs are one of the world's most biodiverse ecosystems, yet our understanding of the abundance, diversity, and composition of parasite communities of coral reef fishes is limited. Here, the authors aimed to compare the abundance, richness and composition of parasite communities among three co‐occurring herbivorous coral reef fishes (the barred rabbitfish Siganus doliatus, Ward's damsel Pomacentrus wardi and the obscure damsel Pomacentrus adelus) from an inshore reef of the Great Barrier Reef (GBR). In total, 3978 parasites (3869 endoparasites and 109 ectoparasites) from 17 families were recovered from 30 individuals of each of the three fish species (mean = 44 ± 22 s.e. parasites per fish; range = 0–1947 parasites per fish). The parasite communities of P. wardi and P. adelus were characterised by pennellid copepods, derogenid and lecithasterid digeneans and were distinct from those of S. doliatus that were characterised by a higher abundance of atractotrematid and gyliauchenid digeneans. The abundance and family richness of all parasites were greatest in S. doliatus (abundance: 22.1 ± 5.0 parasites per fish; richness: 3.2 ± 0.3 families per fish), intermediate in P. wardi (abundance: 4.8 ± 1.1 parasites per fish; richness: 2.3 ± 0.3 families per fish) and lowest in P. adelus (abundance: 1.4 ± 0.4 parasites per fish; richness: 0.9 ± 0.2 families per fish). Similarly, the abundance of endoparasites was greatest in S. doliatus (19.7 ± 5.1 endoparasites per fish), intermediate in P. wardi (2.6 ± 0.7 endoparasites per fish) and lowest in P. adelus (1.2 ± 0.4 endoparasites per fish). Ectoparasite abundances were also lowest for P. adelus (0.2 ± 0.1 ectoparasites per fish), and S. doliatus and P. wardi had comparable abundances of ectoparasites (1.3 ± 0.3 and 2.1 ± 0.5 parasites per fish, respectively). Similarities between the parasite assemblages of the two pomacentrids may be related to their similar behaviours and/or diets vs. those of the larger‐bodied and more mobile rabbitfish. Investigating the causes and consequences of variation in parasite communities across a broader range of fish species will be critical to understand the potential role of parasites in coral reef ecosystems.