bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anisotropic compact stars in complexity formalism and isotropic stars made of anisotropic fluid under minimal geometric deformation (MGD) context in $$f(\mathscr {T})$$ gravity-theory
Authors: Maurya S. K. , Errehymy Abdelghani , Govender M. , Mustafa G. , Al-Harbi Nuha , Abdel-Aty Abdel-Haleem 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we present an anisotropic solution for static and spherically symmetric self-gravitating systems by demanding the vanishing of the complexity factor (Herrera in Phys Rev D 97:044010, 2018) along with the isotropization technique through the gravitational decoupling (GD) approach (Ovalle in Phys Rev D 95:104019, 2017) in $$f(\mathscr {T})$$

f
(
T
)

-gravity theory. We begin by implementing gravitational decoupling via MGD scheme as the generating mechanism to obtain anisotropic solutions describing physically realizable static, spherical self-gravitating systems. We adopt the Krori–Barua ansatz and present two new classes of stellar solutions: the minimally deformed anisotropic solution with a vanishing complexity factor and the isotropic solution via gravitational decoupling. We demonstrate that both classes of solutions obey conditions of regularity, causality and stability. An interesting feature is the switch in trends of some of the thermodynamical quantities such as effective density, radial and transverse stresses at some finite radius, $$r=r_*$$

r
=

r

∗

, depending on different values of the decoupling constant $$\beta $$
β
. We show that gravitational decoupling via the vanishing complexity factor enhances the stability of the stellar fluid surrounding the core’s central areas. By analyzing the effect of the decoupling constant $$\beta $$
β
on the $$M-Y_{TF}$$

M
-

Y

TF

plots, (where $$Y_{TF}$$

Y

TF

denotes the complexity factor) derived from both solutions, we find that a small contribution from the complexity factor leads to the prediction of lower maximum mass of a self-gravitating compact star via gravitational decoupling in $$f(\mathscr {T})$$

f
(
T
)

-gravity compared to their pure $$f(\mathscr {T})$$

f
(
T
)

-gravity counterparts. Furthermore, we have also determined the impact of decoupling constant $$\beta $$
β
and surface density on predicted radii via $$M{-}R$$

M
-
R

for some known compact objects.
Fat b-jet analyses using old and new clustering algorithms in new Higgs boson searches at the LHC
Authors: Chakraborty A. , Dasmahapatra S. , Day-Hall H. A. , Ford B. , Jain S. , Moretti S. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe compare different jet-clustering algorithms in establishing fully hadronic final states stemming from the chain decay of a heavy Higgs state into a pair of the 125 GeV Higgs boson that decays into bottom-antibottom quark pairs. Such 4b events typically give rise to boosted topologies, wherein $$b{\bar{b}}$$

b

b

¯

pairs emerging from each 125 GeV Higgs boson tend to merge into a single, fat b-jet. Assuming large hadron collider (LHC) settings, we illustrate how both the efficiency of selecting the multi-jet final state and the ability to reconstruct from it the masses of all Higgs bosons depend on the choice of jet-clustering algorithm and its parameter settings. We indicate the optimal choice of clustering method for the purpose of establishing such a ubiquitous beyond the SM (BSM) signal, illustrated via a Type-II 2-Higgs Doublet Model (2HDM).
Text Classification Based on CNN-BiGRU and Its Application in Telephone Comments Recognition
Authors: Wang Qianying , Tian Jie , Li Meng , Lu Ming 
Published: April 2023

In this paper, we proposed a deep fusion model for telephone comments recognition, named CNN-BiGRU. Traditionally, the most used algorithms in text classification are Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Long and Short Term Memory (LSTM) and Bi-Gated Recurrent Neural Network (BiGRU). For CNN, it can extract the feature form the neighbors, and a softmax layer is followed for classification. The global feature is not included in the CNN model. LSTM introduces the gate, which can capture the information before the node. BiGRU is developed from LSTM, and it can find the features in the context. So compared to LSTM, BiGRU not only includes the information before, but also can capture the following features. Thus, LSTM and BiGRU can extract the global features, but cannot capture the local features. In order to deal with this weakness, we proposed a fusion model for comments classification, which combines the CNN and BiGRU in our model. Different from other methods, CNN and BiGRU are parallelly connected. CNN model can extract the local feature, and BiGRU can find the global feature. Then we concatenate the two kinds of features and feed to recognition layer for classification. Then we use our model to classify the telephone comments; compared with the traditional machine SVM and tow deep neural models — CNN and BiGRU — our model performed better.
Task-based Supplementary Instructional Materials in Learning Grade 10 Chemistry
Authors: Rodriguez Nicoflor 
Published: April 2023

This study aimed to develop and evaluate task-based supplementary instructional materials in learning Grade 10 Chemistry in selected junior high schools in District I of the Schools Division Office of Marikina City during the school year 2021 - 2022.
This study utilized the descriptive method of research with the questionnaire as the data gathering instrument. The sources of data were the ten (10) experts and twenty (20) high school Science teachers from the Schools Division Office of Marikina City, who served as the evaluators of the developed task-based supplementary instructional materials. Five criteria, namely: instructional design and organization of material, instructional quality, assessment, format, and presentation were used to determine the acceptability of the developed task-based supplementary instructional materials. The statistical tools used in this study were weighted mean and t-test.
The significant findings of the study based on the questions raised are both the Science teachers and the Science experts evaluated the developed task-based supplementary instructional materials as very satisfactory in terms of instructional design and organization of material, instructional quality, assessment, format, and presentation and there was no significant difference between the evaluations of Science teachers and Science experts on the developed task-based supplementary instructional materials based on instructional design and organization of material, instructional quality, assessment, format, and presentation.
Employment and Employability Skills of Graduate School Graduates in Tagudin Campus
Authors: Dela Cruz Jonathan L. , Dela Cruz Tessie L. 
Published: April 2023

Graduates' employability is vital in assessing higher education institutions’ performance. The results of tracer studies serve as a basis to identify graduates’ needs to succeed in the workforce. This undertaking aimed to determine graduate school graduates' employment and employability characteristics in a state higher education institution in the Philippines. Specifically, it determined the profile of graduates, employment status, employability characteristics, the extent of contribution and applicability of the skills gained, assessed the graduate program offerings, and recommendations to improve the services of the Graduate School. The study used a descriptive research design. The study gathered data from graduates of the two program offerings of the Graduate School. The questionnaire was used to gather the necessary data and analysed using descriptive statistics such as frequency count and percentage and mean. Based on the results, the graduates have the necessary eligibilities, are employed in public schools, occupy permanent positions, and present employment relevant to the degree earned. In addition, there is high employability of graduates and a high application of the skills gained in graduate school. There is high satisfaction among graduates with the offering and services of the institution. With these conclusions, it is recommended that the existing curriculum shall be reviewed, the improvement of facilities and learning resources, and strong partnership with linkages may be strengthened to sustain the relevance and responsiveness of the existing graduate programs and curriculum.
Slippery stereotypes – hair and the aesthetics of race in Brazil
Authors: Mizrahi Mylene 
Published: April 2023

Motivated by disputes between Blacks and Whites I analyze strategies to address racism in the 2010’s. A study of Black women’s hairstyles identified explicit modes of claiming race and questions if there has been a change of paradigms. Subsequent research in schools about the proper aesthetic reveals miscegenational ideals. Slips in the meanings of stereotypes display aesthetics in its performative dimensions, triggered either to exercise or confront racism. The examination of hairstyles reveals constant tension between change and permanence and a non-harmonious conviviality between racial concepts in Brazil.
A New Clinical Prediction Rule for Infective Endocarditis in Emergency Department Patients With Fever: Definition and First Validation of the CREED Score
Authors: Covino Marcello , De Vita Antonio , d'Aiello Alessia , Ravenna Salvatore Emanuele , Ruggio Aureliano , Genuardi Lorenzo , Simeoni Benedetta , Piccioni Andrea , De Matteis Giuseppe , Murri Rita , Leone Antonio Maria , Flex Andrea , Gasbarrini Antonio , Liuzzo Giovanna , Massetti Massimo , Franceschi Francesco 
Published: April 2023

Background
Infective endocarditis (IE) could be suspected in any febrile patients admitted to the emergency department (ED). This study was aimed at assessing clinical criteria predictive of IE and identifying and prospectively validating a sensible and easy‐to‐use clinical prediction score for the diagnosis of IE in the ED.

Methods and Results

We conducted a retrospective observational study, enrolling consecutive patients with fever admitted to the ED between January 2015 and December 2019 and subsequently hospitalized. Several clinical and anamnestic standardized variables were collected and evaluated for the association with IE diagnosis. We derived a multivariate prediction model by logistic regression analysis. The identified predictors were assigned a score point value to obtain the Clinical Rule for Infective Endocarditis in the Emergency Department (CREED) score. To validate the CREED score we conducted a prospective observational study between January 2020 and December 2021, enrolling consecutive febrile patients hospitalized after the ED visit, and evaluating the association between the CREED score values and the IE diagnosis. A total of 15 689 patients (median age, 71 [56–81] years; 54.1% men) were enrolled in the retrospective cohort, and IE was diagnosed in 267 (1.7%). The CREED score included 12 variables: male sex, anemia, dialysis, pacemaker, recent hospitalization, recent stroke, chest pain, specific infective diagnosis, valvular heart disease, valvular prosthesis, previous endocarditis, and clinical signs of suspect endocarditis. The CREED score identified 4 risk groups for IE diagnosis, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.874 (0.849–0.899). The prospective cohort included 13 163 patients, with 130 (1.0%) IE diagnoses. The CREED score had an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.881 (0.848–0.913) in the validation cohort, not significantly different from the one calculated in the retrospective cohort (
P
=0.578).

Conclusions
In this study, we propose and prospectively validate the CREED score, a clinical prediction rule for the diagnosis of IE in patients with fever admitted to the ED. Our data reflect the difficulty of creating a meaningful tool able to identify patients with IE among this general and heterogeneous population because of the complexity of the disease and its low prevalence in the ED setting.
Sex Differences in Midterm Prognostic Implications of High Platelet Reactivity After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention With Drug‐Eluting Stents in East Asian Patients: Results From the PTRG‐DES (Platelet Function and Genotype‐Related Long‐Term Prognosis in Drug‐Eluting Stent–Treated Patients With Coronary Artery Disease) Consortium
Authors: Kim Soo‐Jin , Her Ae‐Young , Jeong Young‐Hoon , Kim Byeong‐Keuk , Joo Hyung Joon , Park Yongwhi , Chang Kiyuk , Song Young Bin , Ahn Sung Gyun , Suh Jung‐Won , Lee Sang Yeub , Cho Jung Rae , Kim Hyo‐Soo , Kim Moo Hyun , Lim Do‐Sun , Shin Eun‐Seok ,   PTRG‐DES Consortium Investigators
Published: April 2023

Background
Although high platelet reactivity (HPR) on clopidogrel is associated with higher ischemic events and lower bleeding events in patients who have undergone percutaneous coronary intervention with drug‐eluting stents, the differential risk of HPR in East Asian women versus men is unknown.

Methods and Results

We compared 11 714 patients enrolled in the PTRG‐DES (Platelet Function and Genotype‐Related Long‐Term Prognosis in Drug‐Eluting Stent–Treated Patients With Coronary Artery Disease) Consortium according to sex and the presence/absence of HPR on clopidogrel (defined as ≥252 P2Y12 reactivity units). The primary study end point was major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs; comprising all‐cause mortality, myocardial infarction, cerebrovascular accident, and stent thrombosis). HPR was more common in women (46.7%) than in men (28.1%). In propensity‐adjusted models, HPR was an independent predictor of MACCEs (men with HPR: hazard ratio [HR], 1.60 [95% CI, 1.20–2.12]; women with HPR: HR, 0.99 [95% CI, 0.69–1.42]) and all‐cause mortality (men with HPR: HR, 1.61 [95% CI, 1.07–2.44]; women with HPR: HR, 0.92 [95% CI, 0.57–1.50]) in men, although those associations were insignificant among women. In addition, a significant interaction between sex was noted in the associations between HPR and MACCE (
P
interaction
=0.013) or all‐cause mortality (
P
interaction
=0.025).

Conclusions
In this study, HPR was a differential risk factor for 1‐year MACCEs and all‐cause mortality in women and men. And it was an independent predictor of 1‐year MACCEs and all‐cause mortality in men but not in women.

Registration

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT04734028. Registered July 9, 2003,
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04734028
Survey and Evaluation of Hypertension Machine Learning Research
Authors: du Toit Clea , Tran Tran Quoc Bao , Deo Neha , Aryal Sachin , Lip Stefanie , Sykes Robert , Manandhar Ishan , Sionakidis Aristeidis , Stevenson Leah , Pattnaik Harsha , Alsanosi Safaa , Kassi Maria , Le Ngoc , Rostron Maggie , Nichol Sarah , Aman Alisha , Nawaz Faisal , Mehta Dhruven , Tummala Ramakumar , McCallum Linsay , Reddy Sandeep , Visweswaran Shyam , Kashyap Rahul , Joe Bina , Padmanabhan Sandosh 
Published: April 2023

Background
Machine learning (ML) is pervasive in all fields of research, from automating tasks to complex decision‐making. However, applications in different specialities are variable and generally limited. Like other conditions, the number of studies employing ML in hypertension research is growing rapidly. In this study, we aimed to survey hypertension research using ML, evaluate the reporting quality, and identify barriers to ML's potential to transform hypertension care.

Methods and Results
The Harmonious Understanding of Machine Learning Analytics Network survey questionnaire was applied to 63 hypertension‐related ML research articles published between January 2019 and September 2021. The most common research topics were blood pressure prediction (38%), hypertension (22%), cardiovascular outcomes (6%), blood pressure variability (5%), treatment response (5%), and real‐time blood pressure estimation (5%). The reporting quality of the articles was variable. Only 46% of articles described the study population or derivation cohort. Most articles (81%) reported at least 1 performance measure, but only 40% presented any measures of calibration. Compliance with ethics, patient privacy, and data security regulations were mentioned in 30 (48%) of the articles. Only 14% used geographically or temporally distinct validation data sets. Algorithmic bias was not addressed in any of the articles, with only 6 of them acknowledging risk of bias.

Conclusions
Recent ML research on hypertension is limited to exploratory research and has significant shortcomings in reporting quality, model validation, and algorithmic bias. Our analysis identifies areas for improvement that will help pave the way for the realization of the potential of ML in hypertension and facilitate its adoption.
Evaluation of Quantitative Decision‐Making for Rhythm Management of Atrial Fibrillation Using Tabular Q‐Learning
Authors: Barrett Christopher D. , Suzuki Yuto , Hussein Sundos , Garg Lohit , Tumolo Alexis , Sandhu Amneet , West John J. , Zipse Matthew , Aleong Ryan , Varosy Paul , Tzou Wendy S. , Banaei‐Kashani Farnoush , Rosenberg Michael A. 
Published: April 2023

Background
Rhythm management is a complex decision for patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Although clinical trials have identified subsets of patients who might benefit from a given rhythm‐management strategy, for individual patients it is not always clear which strategy is expected to have the greatest mortality benefit or durability.

Methods and Results

In this investigation 52 547 patients with a new atrial fibrillation diagnosis between 2010 and 2020 were retrospectively identified. We applied a type of artificial intelligence called tabular Q‐learning to identify the optimal initial rhythm‐management strategy, based on a composite outcome of mortality, change in treatment, and sustainability of the given treatment, termed the reward function. We first applied an unsupervised learning algorithm using a variational autoencoder with K‐means clustering to cluster atrial fibrillation patients into 8 distinct phenotypes. We then fit a Q‐learning algorithm to predict the best outcome for each cluster. Although rate‐control strategy was most frequently selected by treating providers, the outcome was superior for rhythm‐control strategies across all clusters. Subjects in whom provider‐selected treatment matched the Q‐table recommendation had fewer total deaths (4 [8.5%] versus 473 [22.4%], odds ratio=0.32,
P
=0.02) and a greater reward (
P
=4.8×10
−6
). We then demonstrated application of dynamic learning by updating the Q‐table prospectively using batch gradient descent, in which the optimal strategy in some clusters changed from cardioversion to ablation.

Conclusions
Tabular Q‐learning provides a dynamic and interpretable approach to apply artificial intelligence to clinical decision‐making for atrial fibrillation. Further work is needed to examine application of Q‐learning prospectively in clinical patients.
Effects of Dapagliflozin in Chronic Kidney Disease, With and Without Other Cardiovascular Medications: DAPA‐CKD Trial
Authors: Chertow Glenn M. , Correa‐Rotter Ricardo , Vart Priya , Jongs Niels , McMurray John J. V. , Rossing Peter , Langkilde Anna Maria , Sjöström C. David , Toto Robert D. , Wheeler David C. , Heerspink Hiddo J. L. ,   for the DAPA‐CKD Trial Committees and Investigators
Published: April 2023

Background
The DAPA‐CKD (Dapagliflozin and Prevention of Adverse Outcomes in Chronic Kidney Disease) trial (NCT03036150) demonstrated that dapagliflozin reduced the risk of kidney and cardiovascular events in patients with chronic kidney disease and albuminuria with and without type 2 diabetes. We aimed to determine whether baseline cardiovascular medication use modified the dapagliflozin treatment effect.

Methods and Results

We randomized 4304 adults with baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate 25 to 75 mL/min per 1.73 m
2
and urinary albumin:creatinine ratio 200 to 5000 mg/g to dapagliflozin 10 mg or placebo once daily. The primary end point was a composite of ≥50% estimated glomerular filtration rate decline, end‐stage kidney disease, and kidney or cardiovascular death. Secondary end points included a kidney composite end point (primary composite end point without cardiovascular death), a cardiovascular composite end point (hospitalized heart failure or cardiovascular death), and all‐cause mortality. We categorized patients according to baseline cardiovascular medication use/nonuse. Patients were required by protocol to receive a stable (and maximally tolerated) dose of a renin‐angiotensin‐aldosterone system inhibitor. We observed consistent benefits of dapagliflozin relative to placebo, irrespective of baseline use/nonuse of renin‐angiotensin‐aldosterone system inhibitors (98.1%), calcium channel blockers (50.7%), β‐adrenergic antagonists (39.0%), diuretics (43.7%), and antithrombotic (47.4%), and lipid‐lowering (15.0%) agents. Use of these drugs in combination with dapagliflozin did not increase the number of serious adverse events.

Conclusions
The safety profile and efficacy of dapagliflozin on kidney and cardiovascular end points in patients with chronic kidney disease were consistent among patients treated and not treated at baseline with a range of cardiovascular medications.

Registration Information

clinicaltrials.gov
. Identifier: NCT03036150.
Hypertension, Blood Pressure Variability, and Acute Kidney Injury in Hospitalized Children
Authors: Nugent James T. , Ghazi Lama , Yamamoto Yu , Bakhoum Christine , Wilson F. Perry , Greenberg Jason H. 
Published: April 2023

Background
Although hypertensive blood pressure measurements are common in hospitalized children, the degree of inpatient hypertension and blood pressure variability (BPV) associated with end organ complications like acute kidney injury (AKI) is unknown.

Methods and Results
All analyses are based on a retrospective cohort of children aged 1 to 17 years with ≥2 creatinine measurements during admission from 2014 to 2018. We used time‐updated Cox models to evaluate the association between BPV and hypertension with AKI. Time‐varying BPV and hypertension were based on blood pressure in the preceding 72 hours. For the analysis of hypertension and AKI, we excluded patients on vasopressors to ensure comparison between hypertensive and normotensive patients. During 5425 pediatric encounters, 258 430 blood pressure measurements were recorded (median [interquartile range] 22 [11–47] readings per encounter). Among all measurements, 32.7% were ≥95th percentile and 18.9% were ≥99th percentile for age, sex, and height. AKI occurred in 389 (7.2%) encounters. We observed a U‐shaped relationship between mean blood pressure and incident AKI. BPV was associated with AKI, with the largest effect sizes in the systolic and mean arterial pressure variability measures. Multiple hypertension thresholds were associated with AKI after controlling for confounders. In an additional multivariable model adjusted for BPV, the association between hypertension and AKI was attenuated but remained significant for hypertension defined as three stage 2 measurements in 1 day (hazard ratio, 1.43 [95% CI, 1.01–2.01]).

Conclusions
Hypertension and BPV are associated with AKI in hospitalized children. Future studies are needed to determine how pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic interventions modify AKI risk in pediatric inpatients with hypertension.