bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predicting Outdoor Walking 1 Year After Spinal Cord Injury: A Retrospective, Multisite External Validation Study
Authors: Draganich Christina , Weber Kenneth A. , Thornton Wesley A. , Berliner Jeffrey C. , Sevigny Mitch , Charlifue Susan , Tefertiller Candace , Smith Andrew C. 
Published: January 2023

Background and Purpose:
Predicting future outdoor walking ability after spinal cord injury (SCI) is important, as this is associated with community engagement and social participation. A clinical prediction rule (CPR) was derived for predicting outdoor walking 1 year after SCI. While promising, this CPR has not been validated, which is necessary to establish its clinical value. The objective of this study was to externally validate the CPR using a multisite dataset.

Methods:
This was a retrospective analysis of US SCI Model Systems data from 12 centers. L3 motor score, L5 motor score, and S1 sensory score were used as predictor variables. The dataset was split into testing and training datasets. The testing dataset was used as a holdout dataset to provide an unbiased estimate of prediction performance. The training dataset was used to determine the optimal CPR threshold through a “leave-one-site-out” cross-validation framework. The primary outcome was self-reported outdoor walking ability 1 year after SCI.

Results:
A total of 3721 participants' data were included. Using the optimal CPR threshold (CPR ≥ 33 threshold value), we were able to predict outdoor walking 1 year with high cross-validated accuracy and prediction performance. For the entire dataset, area under receiver operator characteristic curve was 0.900 (95% confidence interval: 0.890-0.910; P < 0.0001).

Discussion and Conclusions:
The outdoor walking CPR has been externally validated. Future research should conduct a clinical outcomes and cost-benefit impact analysis for implementing this CPR. Our results support that clinicians may use this 3-variable CPR for prediction of future outdoor walking ability.

Video Abstract available for more insights from the authors (see the Video, Supplemental Digital Content 1, available at: http://links.lww.com/JNPT/A411).
Estimated Number of Incident HIV Infections in Men Who Have Sex With Men Attributable to Gonorrhea and Chlamydia, Per Gonococcal or Chlamydial Infection, in the United States
Authors: Jones Jeb , Jenness Samuel M. , Le Guillou Adrien , Sullivan Patrick S. , Gift Thomas L. , Delaney Kevin P. , Chesson Harrell 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Using a network modeling approach, we estimate that the probability of a sexually transmitted infection–attributable HIV infection among men who have sex with men is 0.44% per gonococcal or chlamydial infection.
Using a network model, we simulated transmission of HIV, gonorrhea, and chlamydia among men who have sex with men to estimate the number of HIV infections that can be attributed to gonorrhea and chlamydia, per gonococcal and chlamydial infection. This metric can inform future modeling and health economic studies.
Use of Obstetric and Gynecologic Hospitalists Is Associated With Decreased Severe Maternal Morbidity in the United States
Authors: Torbenson Vanessa E. , Tatsis Vasiliki , Bradley Sarah L. , Butler Jennifer , Kjerulff Lucy , McLaughlin G. Blake , Stika Catherine S. , Tappin Dyanne , VanBlaricom Amy , Mehta Ramila , Branda Megan , McCue Brigid 
Published: January 2023

Objectives
This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of obstetric and gynecologic (Ob/Gyn) hospitalists and determine if an association exists between the presence of Ob/Gyn hospitalists and severe maternal morbidity (SMM).

Methods
This observational study included data from hospitals listed in the USA TODAY’s 2019 article titled, “Deadly deliveries: Childbirth complication rates at maternity hospitals.” Telephone and email surveys of staff in these hospitals identified the presence or absence of continuous providers in the hospital 24 hours, 7 days a week (24/7 coverage) and the types of providers who are employed, then compared these responses with the SMM cited by USA TODAY.

Results
Eight hundred ten hospitals were contacted, with participation from 614 labor and delivery units for a response rate of 75.8%. Fifty-seven percent of units were staffed with 24/7 coverage, with 46% of hospitals’ coverage primarily provided by an Ob/Gyn hospitalist and 54% primarily by a nonhospitalist OB/Gyn provider. The SMM and presence of 24/7 coverage increased with the level of neonatal care and delivery volume. Of hospitals with 24/7 coverage, those that primarily used Ob/Gyn hospitalists had a lower SMM for all mothers (1.7 versus 2.0, P = 0.014) and for low-income mothers (1.9 versus 2.30, P = 0.007) than those who primarily used nonhospitalist OB/Gyn providers.

Conclusions
Severe maternal morbidity increases with delivery volume, level of neonatal care, and 24/7 coverage. Of hospitals with 24/7 coverage, units that staff with Ob/Gyn hospitalists have lower levels of SMM than those that use nonhospitalist Ob/Gyn providers.
Footwear limitations in women prosthesis users relate to more than preference
Authors: Russell Esposito Elizabeth , Hansen Andrew H. , Slater Billie Savvas , Major Matthew J. , Muschler Katherine , Ikeda Andrea J. , Erbes Christopher 
Published: January 2023

Background:
The option to wear desired footwear may be an important part of community reintegration after lower-limb amputation.

Objectives:
This study explored outcomes related to footwear, health, and participation in women Veterans with lower-limb amputation.

Methods:
A cross-sectional questionnaire was mailed to all women Veterans age 18–82 years with major lower-limb amputation(s) who had received prosthetics services in the US Department of Veterans Affairs (N = 538). The questionnaire assessed Perceived Challenges (including clothing limitations, prosthetic foot limitations [width, height, and shape], and shoe avoidance for safety concerns), type of footwear used and preference, and included subscales from the Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System, Amputee Body Image Scale Prosthetic Limb Users' Survey of Mobility, Community Participation Index, Activities-Specific Balance Confidence Scale, and Prosthesis Evaluation Questionnaire. Bivariate correlations examined relationships between a composite measure of Perceived Challenges and patient-reported outcomes.

Results:
One hundred questionnaires were returned (18.6% response rate; 3 excluded for limited prosthesis use). The Perceived Challenges score was significantly correlated with scores for the Amputee Body Image Scale—Revised (r = 0.24, p = 0.019), Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System (ability to participate: r = −0.25, p = 0.014), Prosthesis Evaluation Questionnaire (utility: r = −0.32, p = 0.001, appearance: r = −0.48, p < 0.001), Activities-Specific Balance Confidence Scale (r = −0.20, p = 0.046), and Prosthetic Limb Users' Survey of Mobility (r = −0.21, p = 0.036), but not depression or anxiety.

Conclusions:
Women who have greater issues with how their prosthesis affects the shoes and clothing they can wear also have poorer body image, reduced functional capabilities, and lower reported participation in activities. Improved prosthetic foot design may help to improve social participation and other important outcomes for women prosthesis users.
Port-Site Metastasis Identified on Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen–Targeted 18F-DCFPyL PET/CT After Robot-Assisted Laparoscopic Radical Prostatectomy
Authors: Zahed Hanan , Laufer Jerome , LeBlanc Martin , Tisseverasinghe Steven , Niazi Tamim , Probst Stephan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Port-site metastasis is an extremely rare complication following minimally invasive oncologic surgery for prostate cancer. We present the case of a 74-year-old man who underwent robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy followed by salvage radiotherapy. Despite treatment, he developed biochemical recurrence. However, there was no evidence of disease on CT and bone scan at a prostate-specific antigen of 4.6 ng/mL. Subsequently, 18F-DCFPyL PET/CT revealed a solitary focus of intense uptake in the right rectus abdominis muscle that was felt to represent a port-site metastasis. Histopathologic evaluation with immunostaining following ultrasound-guided needle biopsy confirmed the presence of metastatic adenocarcinoma of the prostate.
Lung Ventilation-Perfusion Scan in COVID-19
Authors: Karamian Farivash , Sadeghi Ramin , Askari Emran 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Although COVID-19 infection is associated with the increased risk of pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE), COVID-19 pulmonary lesions cause ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) patterns other than PTE. Although extensive research has been done to address different anatomical patterns of COVID-19, there is a knowledge gap in terms of V/Q lung scintigraphy in these patients. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate these patterns and to show how important it is to use SPECT/CT in addition to planar images to differentiate between these patterns from PTE. In the current collection, we presented various patterns of V/Q SPECT/CT abnormalities in COVID-19 patients.
Nonneurologic causes of binocular diplopia for the neurologist
Authors: Mosleh Rasha , Peragallo Jason H. 
Published: January 2023

Purpose of reviewTo review several etiologies of nonneurologic diplopia that the neurologist should be familiar with. The pathophysiology, clinical presentation, neuroimaging findings, and treatment options are briefly summarized for each condition.Recent findingsCertain etiologies for diplopia can be associated with life-threatening neurologic conditions and should be investigated thoroughly for proper localization and immediate management of the underlying disease. However, nonneurological causes of binocular diplopia are very common and disabling, but are often nonemergent and may not require in-depth investigation or neuroimaging. Some of the etiologies of nonneurologic diplopia mimic cranial nerve palsies, making them confusing to evaluate when the physician is not familiar with these etiologies. Unfamiliarity with these diagnoses can lead to unnecessary neuroimaging, inefficient utilization of medical resources, and undue alarm to the patient. Recent advances in clinical diagnostic tools and neuroimaging have clarified our understanding of the diverse underlying mechanisms of nonneurologic binocular diplopia.SummaryDiplopia can be a difficult symptom for the neurologist to evaluate. A systematic approach to the evaluation of diplopia can help establish the urgency and necessity of an extensive workup.This review will help to familiarize the neurologist with nonneurological causes of binocular diplopia, minimize expensive and unnecessary evaluations, and reassure patients and physicians alike.
Building case investigation and contact tracing programs in U.S. state and local health departments: a conceptual framework
Authors: Woodward Alexandra , Rivers Caitlin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic and earlier health events have demonstrated that when effectively implemented, case investigation and contact tracing (CI/CT) can break chains of transmission by promptly identifying, quarantining, and monitoring the contacts of infected cases, thereby limiting further spread of a disease in a community. Many public health experts agree that implementing CI/CT at the early stages of an outbreak can be an extremely effective approach to controlling an outbreak; as such, health departments must have CI/CT capacities in place prior to the detection of an outbreak to ensure readiness to respond. At the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, and to this day, U.S. state and local public health departments lack comprehensive CI/CT guidelines that clearly define the capabilities, capacities, outcomes, and impacts of CI/CT programs. This research has resulted in the first comprehensive analysis of the goals, capabilities, and capacities of CI/CT programs, as well as a conceptual framework that represents the relationships between these program components and considerations. Our findings highlight the need for further guidance to assist U.S. state and local public health departments in shifting CI/CT program goals as outbreaks evolve. Moreover, training the public health workforce on making decisions around CI/CT program implementation during evolving outbreaks is critical to ensure readiness to respond to a variety of outbreak scenarios.
Effect of preoperative educational counselling about routine elements of peri-operative care on patient’s experience through their first surgical journey: a randomised control trial
Authors: Kurian Feba Susan , Balakrishnan Santosh , Jojo Joicy Els 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACTAIMTo investigate whether pre-operative counselling about non-procedural elements of perioperative care improves patient’s overall surgical experience, through their first surgical journeyOBJECTIVETo study the effect pre-operative counselling about non-procedural elements of perioperative care in a tertiary care centre, on the care experience of such patients.METHODS62 Patients charted for their first-ever surgical procedure, were enrolled for the trial giving an Interventional group (A: n= 32) and control group (B: n = 30). Surgical experience was recorded 48 hours after surgery on regional-language questionnaire, developed & validated by an expert group. Data was compiled in Ms Excel and Statistical analysis was done using R software.RESULTSMean scores were compared with paired T-test. Groups A and B had a mean experience score of 71.78 and 62.93 respectively (Mean difference (MD) 8.85; P <0.001). Mean scores in preoperative, intraoperative & post-operative domains were 33.31 vs 30.27 (MD 3.05; P <0.001), 14.47 versus 12.30 (MD 2.15; P <0.001) and 24.00 vs 20.37 (MD 3.63; P <0.001) for the groups respectively.There was significant difference in surgical experience scores favouring the interventional group who recorded greater confidence and satisfaction with overall surgical experience and also separately for preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative periods.CONCLUSIONEducating patients undergoing their first surgery about elements of perioperative care inherent to hospitalization for any surgery, has significant role in improving patients’ overall care experience in their surgical journey. Regularising such practice could improve overall surgical experience for patients.
Compassion training influences state but not trait level heart-rate variability within severe depression
Authors: Kim Jeffrey J. , Sherwell Chase , Kirby James N. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractHeart-rate variability (HRV) is a marker of parasympathetic nervous system activity, and is a robust predicter of improved mental and physical health. Current psychotherapeutic interventions are effective at reducing self-report depressive symptoms, but few have improved HRV within a sample of severe depressive symptoms. This study explores the impact of a brief Compassion Focused Therapy exercise (CFT) on HRV. Results suggested that a brief CFT exercise can successfully target depressive physiology, at two distinct timepoints, pre- and post-a two-week self-directed training period. Specifically, we first show that CFT can significantly improve HRV at the state level, but not at the trait level after a two-week intervention. Second, CFT can increase a subset of participants’ HRV above a clinical cut-off of low resting HRV. Third, the frequency of practice (i.e., listening to the audio recording) during the self-directed training component was very low, with 50% not accessing the practice. Finally, during the CFT exercise at post-two-week training HRV decreased across time, indicating participants had a greater engagement in the ‘threat’ component of the CFT exercise – a feature to be more fully examined in prospective studies. This study suggests the value of future research with larger-scale randomized control trials, to further explore the modulation of parasympathetic physiology using compassion practices.
Cytotoxic CNS-associated T cells drive axon degeneration by targeting perturbed myelinating oligodendrocytes inPLP1mutant mice
Authors: Abdelwahab Tassnim , Stadler David , Knöpper Konrad , Arampatzi Panagiota , Saliba Antoine-Emmanuel , Kastenmüller Wolfgang , Martini Rudolf , Groh Janos 
Published: January 2023

SummaryMyelin defects lead to neurological dysfunction in various diseases and in normal aging. Chronic neuroinflammation often contributes to axon-myelin damage in these conditions and can be initiated and/or sustained by perturbed myelinating glia. We have previously shown that distinct mutations in thePLP1gene result in neurodegeneration that is largely driven by adaptive immune cells. Here we characterize CD8+CNS-associated T cells in these myelin mutants using single-cell transcriptomics and identify population heterogeneity and disease-associated changes. We demonstrate that early sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor modulation attenuates the recruitment of T cells and neural damage, while later targeting of CNS-associated T cell populations is inefficient and has no effect on neurodegeneration. Applying bone marrow chimerism and utilizing random X chromosome inactivation, we provide evidence that axonal damage is driven by cytotoxic, antigen specific CD8+T cells that target mutant myelinating oligodendrocytes. These findings offer insights into neural-immune interactions and are of translational relevance for neurological conditions associated with myelin defects and neuroinflammation.
Physical mechanisms of red blood cell splenic filtration
Authors: Moreau Alexis , Yaya François , Lu Huijie , Surendranath Anagha , Charrier Anne , Dehapiot Benoit , Helfer Emmanuèle , Viallat Annie , Peng Zhangli 
Published: January 2023

The splenic interendothelial slits fulfill the essential function of continuously filtering red blood cells (RBCs) from the bloodstream to eliminate abnormal and aged cells. To date, the process by which 8 µm RBCs pass through 0.3 µm-wide slits remains enigmatic. Does the slit caliber increase during RBC passage as sometimes suggested? Here, we elucidated the mechanisms that govern the RBC retention or passage dynamics in slits by combining multiscale modeling, live imaging, and microfluidic experiments on an original device with sub-micron wide physiologically calibrated slits. We observed that healthy RBCs pass through 0.28 µm-wide rigid slits at 37°C. To achieve this feat, they must meet two requirements. Geometrically, their surface area-to-volume ratio must be compatible with a shape in two tether-connected equal spheres. Mechanically, the cells with a low surface area-to-volume ratio (28 % of RBCs in a 0.4 µm-wide slit) must locally unfold their spectrin cytoskeleton inside the slit. In contrast, activation of the mechanosensitive PIEZO1 channel is not required. The RBC transit time through the slits follows a -1 and -3 power law with in-slit pressure drop and slip width, respectively. This law is similar to that of a Newtonian fluid in a 2D Poiseuille flow, showing that the dynamics of RBCs is controlled by their cytoplasmic viscosity. Altogether, our results show that filtration through submicron-wide slits is possible without further slit opening. Furthermore, our approach addresses the critical need for in-vitro evaluation of splenic clearance of diseased or engineered RBCs for transfusion and drug delivery.Significance StatementSplenic filtration of red blood cells through narrow interendothelial slits remains poorly understood despite its physiological significance as experiments and imaging of red cells passing through the slits are lacking. Here, we coupled live imaging, biomimetic submicron-fluidics, and multiscale modeling to quantify passage conditions. Remarkably, healthy 8-µm cells can pass through 0.28-µm slits at body temperature. This event is conditioned to cells being able to deform into two tether-connected equal spheres and, in limiting cases, to unfold their spectrin cytoskeleton. We showed that cells behave like a Newtonian fluid and that their dynamics is controlled by the inner fluid viscosity. We thus propose an in-vitro and in-silico approach to quantify splenic clearance of diseased cells and cells engineered for transfusion and drug delivery.
Tissue-specific sex difference in mouse eye and brain metabolome under fed and fasted states
Authors: Saravanan Meghashri , Xu Rong , Roby Olivia , Wang Yekai , Zhu Siyan , Lu Amy , Du Jianhai 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACTPurposeVisual physiology and various ocular diseases demonstrate sexual dimorphisms; however, how sex influences metabolism in different eye tissues remains undetermined. This study aims to address common and tissue-specific sex differences in metabolism in the retina, retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), lens and brain under fed and fasted conditions.MethodsAfter ad libitum fed or deprived of food for 18 hours, mouse eye tissues (retina, RPE/choroid, and lens), brain, and plasma were harvested for targeted metabolomics. The data were analyzed with both Partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and Volcano Plot analysis.ResultsAmong 133 metabolites that cover major metabolic pathways, we found 9-45 metabolites that are sex-different in different tissues under the fed state and 6-18 metabolites under the fasted state. Among these sex-different metabolites, 33 were changed in two or more tissues, and 64 were tissue-specific. Pantothenic acid, hypotaurine and 4-hydroxyproline were the top commonly changed metabolites. Lens and retina had the most tissue-specific sex-different metabolites enriched in the metabolism of amino acid, nucleotide, lipids and TCA cycle. Lens and brain had more similar sex-different metabolites than other occular tissues. Female RPE and female brain were more sensitive to fasting with more reduced metabolites in amino acid metabolism, TCA cycle and glycolysis. The plasma had the least sex-different metabolites with very few overlapping changes with tissues.ConclusionSex has a strong influence on eye and brain metabolism in tissue-specific and metabolic state-specific manners. Our findings may implicate the sexual dimorphisms in eye physiology and susceptibility to ocular diseases.