bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
1226-P: A Rapid Rate of Kidney Function Decline Is Associated with Increased Risk of Heart Failure in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes—Results from ACCORD Study
Authors: BANO ARJOLA , BUENO CARLOS , TANG YALING , SUN XIUQIN , HALL ELIZABETH , MITRI JOANNA , LUCA MORIERI MARIO , SHAH HETAL , DORIA ALESSANDRO 
Published: June 2023

Impaired kidney function and albuminuria are associated with increased risk of heart failure (HF) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). We investigated whether rapid kidney function decline over time is an additional determinant of increased HF risk in patients with T2D. We further assessed whether accounting for the rate of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline over time improved prediction of HF risk as compared to standard clinical predictors. Included in the study were 9,192 participants in the Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD) study with available baseline urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) data and ≥3 eGFR measurements during follow-up. The association between rapid kidney function decline (eGFR loss ≥5 ml/min/1.73 m2/year) and odds of HF hospitalization or HF death during follow-up was estimated by logistic regression. We calculated integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) by adding rapid kidney function decline to HF predictors. Over a median follow-up of 5.0 years (interquartile range 4.1-5.7), 1,432 participants (15.6%) experienced rapid kidney function decline and 355 (3.9%) experienced a HF event. Rapid kidney function decline was associated with a 3.57-fold increase in HF odds (odds ratio [OR] 3.57; 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.86-4.45). This estimate was not attenuated by adjustment for potential confounders, including eGFR and UACR at baseline and censoring (OR 4.47; 95% CI 3.7-6.11). Adding rapid kidney function decline during follow-up to other predictors (WATCH-DM score, eGFR, and UACR) significantly improved HF risk classification (relative IDI=+49%, p&lt;0.0001). In patients with T2D, rapid kidney function decline was associated with a marked increase in HF risk, independent of starting kidney function and/or albuminuria. These findings highlight the importance of serial eGFR measurements over time to improve HF prediction in patients with T2D.

Disclosure
A.Bano: None. C.Bueno junior: None. Y.Tang: None. X.Sun: None. E.Hall: None. J.Mitri: Other Relationship; Novo Nordisk, Research Support; Kowa Company, Ltd. M.Morieri: Advisory Panel; Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp., Amarin Corporation, Servier Laboratories, Speaker's Bureau; Eli Lilly and Company, Novo Nordisk. H.Shah: None. A.Doria: None.

Funding
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (N01HC95178, N01HC95179, N01HC95180, N01HC95181, N01HC95182, N01HC95183, N01HC95184, IAAY1HC-9035, IAAY1HC1010); National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; National Institute on Aging; National Eye Institute; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; General Clinical Research Centers
1227-P: Cardiorenal Effectiveness of Empagliflozin vs. GLP-1 Receptor Agonists in Patients with Advanced Chronic Kidney Disease—Results from the EMPRISE Study
Authors: HTOO PHYO T. , PATORNO ELISABETTA , TESFAYE HELEN , WEXLER DEBORAH J. , GLYNN ROBERT , SCHMEDT NIKLAS , KOENEMAN LISETTE , SCHNEEWEISS SEBASTIAN , PAIK JULIE M. 
Published: June 2023

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, heart failure, and mortality. We reported the final year results of the EMPRISE study program in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and advanced CKD. Using Medicare, Optum, and Marketscan data (2014-19), we identified 10,930 pairs of 1:1 propensity score-matched patients aged &gt;18 years with T2D and CKD stage 3-4 who initiated empagliflozin (EMPA) or a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA). Primary outcomes were hospitalization for heart failure (HHF), a composite of myocardial infarction (MI) or stroke, and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Secondary outcomes were MI, stroke, and all-cause mortality. We estimated hazard ratios (HR) and rate differences (RD), adjusting for 143 baseline covariates. Compared to GLP-1RA, EMPA was associated with a reduced risk of HHF [HR 0.68 (0.55-0.85); RD -9.44 (-14.78, -4.10)], and ESRD [HR 0.70 (0.56-0.87); RD -9.01 (-14.30, -3.72)], and a trend towards reduced risk for the composite outcome [HR 0.88 (0.72-1.07); RD -3.84 (-9.60, 1.93)]. Estimates for the secondary outcomes were: MI [HR 0.78 (0.61-1.00)], stroke [HR 1.16 (0.83-1.62)], and all-cause mortality [HR 1.08 (0.86-1.36)]. In patients with T2D and advanced CKD in routine care, we observed risk reductions for cardiorenal outcomes with EMPA vs. GLP-1RA.

Disclosure
P.T.Htoo: Employee; Johnson & Johnson. E.Patorno: Research Support; Boehringer Ingelheim Inc., National Institutes of Health, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute, US Food and Drug Administration. H.Tesfaye: None. D.J.Wexler: Other Relationship; Novo Nordisk A/S. R.Glynn: Research Support; Amarin Corporation, AstraZeneca, Kowa Pharmaceuticals America, Inc., Novartis, Pfizer Inc. N.Schmedt: Employee; Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH. L.Koeneman: Employee; Eli Lilly and Company, Stock/Shareholder; Eli Lilly and Company. S.Schneeweiss: Consultant; Aetion, Inc., Research Support; UCB, Inc., Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Stock/Shareholder; Aetion, Inc. J.M.Paik: None.

Funding
Boehringer Ingelheim (116283)
1229-P: DNA Methylation near NFATC2IP and Changes in Clinical Cardiovascular Health—The POUNDs Lost Trial
Authors: LI XIANG , SHAO XIAOJIAN , KOU MINGHAO , XUE QIAOCHU , BRAY GEORGE , SACKS FRANK , QI LU 
Published: June 2023

Introduction: A previous epigenome-wide association study causally linked DNA methylation (DNAm) at NFATC2IP gene (cg26663590) on body mass index (BMI). However, whether DNAm at NFATC2IP is associated with cardiovascular health (CVH) is unknown.
Methods: We included 408 participants from the POUNDs Lost trial. DNAm was profiled by sequencing method at baseline. Regional DNAm at NFATC2IP was defined as the average methylation level over ± 250 bp of cg26663590. We calculated the clinical CVH score at baseline, 6 months, and 2 years, combining BMI, blood pressure, total cholesterol, and fasting glucose. A higher score indicates better CVH.
Results: Regional DNAm at NFATC2IP was significantly associated with improvement in clinical CVH across 2 years (Figure). Participants within the highest tertile of regional DNAm at NFATC2IP had a greater improvement in clinical CVH score, compared to those within the lowest tertile (β [SE]: 0.68 [0.11] vs. 0.49 [0.10], p=0.028) at 6 months. Such association remained significant at 2 years (T3 vs. T1: 0.55 [0.13] vs. 0.23 [0.12], p=0.03). Moreover, higher regional DNAm at NFATC2IP was associated with greater reductions in total cholesterol (β [SE] per SD: -3.94 [1.34], p=0.004) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (β [SE] per SD: -3.26 [1.20], p=0.007) at 6 months.
Conclusion: Individuals with a higher regional DNAm level at NFATC2IP benefit more in the improvement of CVH.

Disclosure
X.Li: None. X.Shao: None. M.Kou: None. Q.Xue: None. G.Bray: Advisory Panel; Medifast, Inc., Herbalife International of America, Inc. F.Sacks: None. L.Qi: None.

Funding
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL071981, HL034594, HL126024); National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK115679, DK091718, DK100383); Fogarty International Center (TW010790)
123-OR: SGLT2 Inhibitors Are Associated with Kidney Benefits at All Degrees of Proteinuria—A Cohort Study
Authors: FUJITA KADEN K. , YE FENG , COLLISTER DAVID , KLARENBACH SCOTT , CAMPBELL DAVID J.T. , CHEW DEREK , QUINN AMITY E. , RONKSLEY PAUL E. , LAU DARREN 
Published: June 2023

Background: The kidney benefits of sodium-glucose lowering co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) in adults with non-severe albuminuria, under-represented in SGLT2i trials, are not well established.
Objective: We performed a retrospective cohort study to examine the effectiveness of SGLT2i compared to dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4i), in Alberta, Canada.
Methods: Using administrative data, we derived a cohort of SGLT2i new-users (2014-2018) with diabetes and eGFR ≥ 30 mL/min/1.73 m2. New SGLT2i users were matched 1:2 to DPP4i users by CKD stage, albuminuria, and diabetes therapy, and by time-conditional propensity-score (age, sex, A1c, etc.). Non-severe albuminuria was defined as a urine albumin to creatinine ratio ≤ 30 mg/mmol. Linear and Poisson regression models were used to determine the association of SGLT2i use with each outcome: eGFR decline (acute [≤ 60 days] and total), adverse kidney events, and all-cause mortality. An adverse kidney event was defined as sustained 40% loss of eGFR, initiation of kidney replacement therapy, or death from kidney causes.
Results: SGLT2i users (n=19,238) had a mean age of 57.9 years (male 59.1%) and non-severe albuminuria in 94.4%. Mean eGFR was 91.7 mL/min/1.73m2, and 62.0% were dispensed ACE inhibitor or ARB. Median follow-up was 1.58 years (IQR 0.91-2.49). The acute change in eGFR was -2.79 (SGLT2i) vs -1.43 (DPP4i), for a difference of -1.36 (95% CI -1.74-[-0.98], p &lt; 0.001). After day 60, SGLT2i use was associated with 0.83 (0.66-1.01, p &lt; 0.001) less annual eGFR loss than in DPP4i users. SGLT2i use was associated with fewer adverse kidney events (IRR 0.58 [0.47-0.71], p &lt; 0.001), driven mostly by less sustained loss of eGFR, but was not associated with all-cause mortality (IR 0.82 [0.66-1.01], p = 0.06). Similar findings were observed in those with non-severe albuminuria.
Interpretation: SGLT2i may prevent eGFR decline and reduce the risk of adverse kidney events in adults with diabetes, regardless of baseline albuminuria status.

Disclosure
K.K.Fujita: None. F.Ye: None. D.Collister: None. S.Klarenbach: Research Support; Bayer Inc., Allergan, GlaxoSmithKline plc., CSL Behring, Lundbeck, University Hospital Foundation (University of Alberta), Purdue Canada. D.J.T.Campbell: None. D.Chew: None. A.E.Quinn: None. P.E.Ronksley: None. D.Lau: None.
1237-P: Proteomic Indicators of Metabolic Health in Diabetes and Social Vulnerability
Authors: SIMPSON MISSY , OSTROFF RACHEL , WILLIAMS STEPHEN A. , SATTAR NAVEED 
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Understanding the health impacts of socioeconomic deprivation (SED) and its interaction with type 2 diabetes is important for patient care and effective public health initiatives. Large-scale proteomic profiling using aptamer-based technology to measure 7,000 proteins has facilitated the development of blood-based proteomic signatures for 10 cardiometabolic SomaSignal Tests (SST), including a test that predicts the 4-year risk of a cardiovascular event (CV risk).
Methods: The cross-sectional PsoBid study recruited participants from socioeconomically deprived and affluent areas of Glasgow, Scotland with similar age ranges and equal proportions of male and female, to identify relevant health disparities. We used regression analyses to estimate the association between SSTs and socioeconomic status (affluent (n = 257, 50.7%), deprived (n = 250, 49.3%)) and prevalent diabetes (n = 27 (5.3%), 7 (2.7%) affluent, 20 (8.0%) SV).
Results: Diabetes was associated with SST predicted increased visceral fat, lean body mass, liver fat, body fat percentage, resting energy rate, and CV risk score, and worse proteomic predictors of cardiorespiratory fitness, glucose tolerance, alcohol impact, and kidney health (p&lt;0.05). SED was associated with SST predicted increased visceral adiposity and CV risk score, and decreased cardiorespiratory fitness, glucose tolerance, and kidney health (p&lt;0.05). The association between diabetes and CV risk score was highest among socioeconomically deprived participants (interaction p-value: 0.01).
Conclusion: These results demonstrate that participants with diabetes and SED have proteomic phenotypes consistent with decreased cardiometabolic health compared to participants without diabetes or SV and SED is associated with worse predicted cardiovascular risk in patients with diabetes. Proteomics may be useful in identifying and monitoring the health effects of diabetes and SED or the impact of relevant interventions.

Disclosure
M.Simpson: Employee; SomaLogic Operating CO., Inc. R.Ostroff: Employee; SomaLogic. S.A.Williams: Employee; SomaLogic. N.Sattar: Advisory Panel; Amgen Inc., Boehringer Ingelheim and Eli Lilly Alliance, Novartis, Roche Diagnostics, Consultant; Afimmune Limited, Hanmi Pharm. Co., Ltd., Pfizer Inc., Other Relationship; Abbott, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH&Co.KG, Eli Lilly and Company, Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Novo Nordisk, Sanofi, Research Support; AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH&Co.KG, Novartis, Roche Diagnostics.
124-OR: Effects of Dapagliflozin Therapy on Renal Hemodynamics in Type 2 Diabetes Patients
Authors: QIN YUEJUAN , BASKOY GOZDE , TRIPLITT CURTIS L. , SOLIS-HERRERA CAROLINA , ADAMS__III JOHN M. , DEFRONZO RALPH A. , CERSOSIMO EUGENIO 
Published: June 2023

Aim: To investigate the renal hemodynamic effects of SGLT-2i therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes [T2D].
Design & Methods: We recruited 24 drug naïve T2D, not receiving ACEi/ARBs. GFR [&gt;100ml/min/1.73m2] was measured with Iohexol clearance and renal plasma (blood) flow [RP(B)F] with PAH clearance divided by (1-Hct). Mean arterial pressure [MAP] and renal vascular resistance [RVR] were determined before and 4 months after dapagliflozin 10mg/day (DAPA, n=12); results were compared to T2D receiving metformin±glipizide to achieve similar glycemic reduction (CONTROL, n=12).
Results: HbA1c decreased equally in DAPA (8.2±0.2 to 7.1±0.2%) and CONTROL (8.4±0.3 to 7.2±0.1%); body weight decreased in DAPA (89.9±4.0 to 86.2±4.2 kg) and rose in CONTROL (86.5±6.2 to 88.9±5.5 kg). GFR [ml/min/1.73m2] declined in DAPA (118±5 to 103±5) but not in CONTROL (113±6 vs. 114±7) (p&lt;0.01). RPF [ml/min] did not change in DAPA (668±65 vs. 676±70) and CONTROL (630±40 vs. 629±39), while filtration fraction [FF] decreased in DAPA (18±1 vs. 15±1%) but not in CONTROL (18±2 vs. 18±2%) (p&lt;0.05). MAP [mmHg] declined in DAPA (95.4±2.6 vs. 89.9±2.5) but not in CONTROL (90.3±4.1 vs. 90.7±2.1) (p&lt;0.05). Thus, calculated RVR [mmHg/L/min] in DAPA decreased (87.0±4.2 to 77.6±2.9), whereas it did not change (86.2±3.8 to 86.4±4.2) in CONTROL after 4 months of therapy (p&lt;0.05).
Conclusion: Despite equal glycemic control, treatment with dapagliflozin, but not with metformin+glipizide, reduced glomerular filtration fraction and renal vascular resistance. Thus, unlike studies in T1D, our data suggest that in T2D post-glomerular vasodilatation is the predominant reno-protective mechanism of SGLT-2 inhibitors. Concomitant pre-glomerular vasoconstriction, however, cannot be excluded.

Disclosure
Y.Qin: None. G.Baskoy: None. C.L.Triplitt: Speaker's Bureau; Novo Nordisk. C.Solis-herrera: None. J.M.Adams: None. R.A.Defronzo: Advisory Panel; AstraZeneca, Bayer Inc., Boehringer-Ingelheim, Novo Nordisk, Research Support; AstraZeneca, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Merck & Co., Inc., Speaker's Bureau; AstraZeneca. E.Cersosimo: None.

Funding
AstraZeneca; Texas Diabetes Institute
125-LB: Risk of Hypoglycemia as Measured by Continuous Glucose Monitoring in the Hospital Setting—An Observational Study
Authors: O'CONNOR MOLLIE , SABEAN AMY , STEINER BARBARA , ZHENG HUI , YAN JOYCE , ASHLEY ANNABELLE , ANANDAKUGAN NILLANI , CALVERLEY MELISSA M. , BARTHOLOMEW RACHEL , GREAUX EVELYN , RUSSELL STEVEN J. , PUTMAN MELISSA S. 
Published: June 2023

Background: Prospective studies investigating the occurrence of and risk factors for continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) detected hypoglycemia in the inpatient setting are limited.
Methods: In this prospective observational study, patients hospitalized on medical and surgical floors and undergoing fingerstick glucose monitoring wore blinded Dexcom G6Pro sensors. Participants with sensor readings &lt;54mg/dL were identified after excluding erroneous readings from compression via manual review. Data from participant survey and chart review were analyzed chi square tests for categorical variables, and t test and Kruskal-Wallis test for continuous variables to identify predictors of hypoglycemia.
Results: CGM data were collected from 268 participants. At least one episode of CGM glucose &lt;54 mg/dL occurred in 30 (11%). Participants with at least one episode of glucose &lt;54mg/dL had longer hospital stay, lower A1c (but also lower hemoglobin level), and were more likely to have type 1 diabetes compared to those without hypoglycemia (Table 1). Forty-six (17%) had what appeared to be a false reading &lt;70 mg/dL due to compression or artifact at least once.
Conclusion: CGM may be helpful in identifying hypoglycemia in hospitalized patients. Further research is needed to identify patient populations who may benefit from inpatient CGM monitoring for prevention of hypoglycemia.

Disclosure
M. O'connor: None. E. Greaux: None. S. J. Russell: Consultant; Beta Bionics, Inc., Senseonics, ConvaTec Inc., Employee; Beta Bionics, Inc., Stock/Shareholder; Beta Bionics, Inc. M. S. Putman: Consultant; Synspira Therapeutics, Other Relationship; Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated, Research Support; Dexcom, Inc. A. Sabean: None. B. Steiner: Stock/Shareholder; Bristol-Myers Squibb Company. H. Zheng: None. J. Yan: None. A. Ashley: None. N. Anandakugan: None. M. M. Calverley: None. R. Bartholomew: None.

Funding
National Institutes of Health (R01DK119699-02S1, T32DK007028); Dexcom, Inc. (to M.O.)
1250-P: Clinical and Demographic Characteristics of Patients with Coexistent Type 2 Diabetes, Hypertension, and Dyslipidemia—Results from the Largest Retrospective EMR Study from India
Authors: NATARAJAN VIDHYA , CHAWLA RAJEEV , DALAL JAMSHED , CHANDRA PRAVEEN , KUMAR VIVEKA , AYYAR VAGEESH , BADANI RAJESH S. , HUSSAIN NAQVI SYED MUJTABA , GAURAV KUMAR , DHANAKI GAURI D. , RATHOD RAHUL T. , KOTAK BHAVESH P. 
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Common manifestations of end-organ damage due to diabetes, dyslipidemia and hypertension, predispose patients to develop cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The data on triple disease in India is scarce. In patients with triple disease, CVD risk is amplified, necessitating better understanding of their current clinical characteristics and care gaps.
Aims and Methods: This was an EMR based, retrospective, multicenter, cross sectional, database study to evaluate the demographic and clinical profile of adult patients with age more than 18 years having coexistent type 2 DM, dyslipidemia, and hypertension in India. Data of patients with type 1 DM, FH and pregnancy were excluded.
Results: Data of 6722173 patients with age ≥18 years registered in EMR from Jan ‘21 to Dec ‘21 was extracted from the EMR database. Out of these patients, 427835 (6.36%) were found to have coexistent hypertension, type 2 DM and dyslipidemia. Mean age was 59.92 years and 57% were males. The mean BMI was 28.07 kg/m2, and 73% had an above normal BMI (&gt;24.99). The mean SBP and DBP in mmHg were noted to be 138.81 and 82.17, respectively. Only 10% and 28% of patients had a normal SBP and normal DBP, respectively. The mean HbA1c was 8.35% with only 27% having HbA1C &lt;7%. The mean (% optimal control) LDL, total cholesterol, triglycerides in mg/dl (%) was 98.38 (44), 174.75 (28), and 181.42 (56), respectively. ARBs (25%) and combination of anti-hypertensive with diuretics (14%) were most used for hypertension treatment. Statin alone was used in 38% of patients while statin in combination with other drugs was used in 56%. Biguanides alone and its combination with sulphonylureas were used in 74.6% and 41% of patients with diabetes, respectively.
Conclusion: The findings suggests that control of triple disease in India is inadequate despite therapy. There is need to optimize management of triple disease.

Disclosure
V.Natarajan: Employee; Dr. Reddy’s Laboratories Ltd. G.D.Dhanaki: None. R.T.Rathod: None. B.P.Kotak: Employee; Dr. Reddy’s Laboratories Ltd. R.Chawla: None. J.Dalal: None. P.Chandra: None. V.Kumar: None. V.Ayyar: None. R.S.Badani: None. M.Syed: None. K.Gaurav: None.
1252-P: Differences in Cardiometabolic and Immune Biomarkers between Novel Subphenotypes of Individuals at Elevated Risk for Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: SZCZERBINSKI LUKASZ , JANUCIK ADRIAN , KWEDLO WOJCIECH , KONOPKA PAULINA , CITKO ANNA , PASZKO ADAM , TAYLOR MARK , CZAJKOWSKI MARCIN , KONDRACIUK MARCIN , SOWA PAWEL , KOWALSKA IRINA , KAMINSKI KAROL A. , FLOREZ JOSE C. , KRETOWSKI ADAM J. 
Published: June 2023

Recent efforts to address heterogeneity among individuals at elevated risk for type 2 diabetes (T2D) have focused on metrics derived from oral glucose tolerance tests, body fat distribution, and hepatic fat content to subphenotype and stratify patients. A novel classification scheme identified six subphenotypes with significantly distinct risks of developing T2D, complications of insulin resistance, and mortality. The aim of our study was to evaluate differences in cardiometabolic and immune biomarkers among these clusters. Fasting serum levels of 5 Olink targeted protein panels (Cardiovascular III, Cardiometabolic, Immune response, Inflammation, Metabolism) comprising 460 oligo-species were measured in 1,597 individuals without diabetes from the Bialystok PLUS study and the Polish Registry of Diabetes. Pairwise differences between subgroups for biomarkers were assessed with generalized linear mixed models, with and without adjustment for the clustering variables. In the unadjusted model, 164 biomarkers showed significantly different levels among clusters (q-value &lt; 0.05), whereas the adjusted model identified 166 significantly different biomarkers. Generally, cluster 2 (lowest T2D and mortality risk) had a more favorable profile of cardiometabolic and immune biomarkers, with clusters 5 and 6 (high-risk) showing more unfavorable profiles. Among significant biomarkers, the greatest differences were observed for tissue-type plasminogen activator and fatty acid binding protein 4, with lowest levels in cluster 2 and highest levels in clusters 5 and 6. Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 1 and Paraoxonase 3 showed the greatest differences in the opposite direction. Our study shows that clusters of individuals at elevated risk for T2D stratify across orthogonal axes of cardiometabolic and immune biomarkers, underlining a prominent independent role of these pathways in the pathophysiology of novel subtypes.

Disclosure
L.Szczerbinski: None. P.Sowa: None. I.Kowalska: None. K.A.Kaminski: Other Relationship; AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim Inc. J.C.Florez: Consultant; AstraZeneca, Novo Nordisk, Other Relationship; AstraZeneca, Merck & Co., Inc. A.J.Kretowski: None. A.Janucik: None. W.Kwedlo: None. P.Konopka: None. A.Citko: None. A.Paszko: None. M.Taylor: None. M.Czajkowski: None. M.Kondraciuk: None.