bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Survival modelling of smartphone trigger data in crowdsourced seismic monitoring: with applications to the 2023 Pazarcik and 2019 Ridgecrest earthquakes
Authors: Aiello Luca , Argiento Raffaele , Finazzi Francesco , Paci Lucia 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Crowdsourced smartphone-based earthquake early warning systems have recently emerged as reliable alternatives to more expensive solutions based on scientific instruments. For example, during the deadly 2023 Pazarcik event in Turkey, the system implemented by the Earthquake Network citizen science initiative provided up to 58 s of warning to people exposed to life-threatening ground shaking. We develop a statistical methodology based on a survival mixture cure model that provides full Bayesian inference on epicentre, depth, and origin time, and we design a tempering Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm to account for the multi-modality of the posterior distribution. The methodology is applied to data collected by the Earthquake Network during three seismic events, including the 2023 Pazarcik and 2019 Ridgecrest earthquakes.
Warped multifidelity Gaussian processes for data fusion of skewed environmental data
Authors: Colombo Pietro , Miller Claire , Yang Xiaochen , O’Donnell Ruth , Maranzano Paolo 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Understanding the dynamics of climate variables is critical for sectors like energy and environmental monitoring. This study addresses the pressing need for accurate mapping of environmental variables in national or regional monitoring networks, a challenge exacerbated by skewed data and large gaps. While this may not be immediately apparent, managing skewness across multiple data sources introduces additional complexities, as conventional transformation methods often fail to effectively normalize the data or preserve inter-dataset relationships. Furthermore, the literature highlights that interpolation uncertainty is closely linked to the interpolation distance, making the handling of large gaps particularly problematic. To tackle these challenges, we propose a novel data fusion approach: the warped multifidelity Gaussian process. This method predicts time-series data from multiple sources with varying reliability and resolution, while effectively addressing skewness and demonstrating partial independence from interpolation distance. Through extensive simulation experiments, we explore both the strengths and limitations of the method. Additionally, as a case study, we apply warped multifidelity Gaussian process (WMFGP) to wind speed data from the Agenzia regionale per la protezione ambientale (ARPA) Lombardia network, a regional environmental agency in Italy. Our results demonstrate the efficacy of WMFGP in filling large gaps in wind speed data, providing more accurate predictions that are essential for air quality forecasting, network maintenance.
Pneumococcal and Herpes Zoster Vaccination Rates Among U.S. Veterans With Chronic Inflammatory Disease on Biologic Medications: A Quality Improvement Project
Authors: Phomakay Venusa , Gupta Sandeep , Swims Melanie , Pattanaik Debendra 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Patients with chronic inflammatory diseases are often treated with pharmacologic therapies that target the immune system and have an increased risk of infection. These risks can be reduced by vaccination against common pathogens. This quality improvement project aimed to increase pneumococcal and herpes zoster vaccination rates in patients with chronic inflammatory disease on biologic immunosuppressive therapy.

Materials and Methods
This quality improvement project was developed and implemented at the Veteran Affairs (VA) hospital in Memphis, TN. A VA data warehouse query was used to identify veterans with an active prescription for a biologic immunosuppressant over 2 phases (phase 1 and phase 2) of the project. Clinical pathway and VA electronic medical record, e.g., Computerized Patient Record System order set for various biological agents and vaccines, were developed by the investigators over a period of 3 months before the activation of phase 1 and was approved by the Memphis VA Medical Center Pharmacy and Therapeutics Committee. The pathway and the order set were developed for providers prescribing biologic therapies to include a review of patient immunization status and the option to order vaccines before initiation of biologics. When a provider used the order set to order the biologic, the appropriate vaccine and laboratory tests were recommended on the order set to educate the provider to take the appropriate actions necessary before the medication was started. Charts of Veterans included in the study were reviewed to assess vaccination rates before and after the QI project implementation for each phase. Phase 1 occurred over a 1-year period (October 2018 to October 2019) and sought to increase pneumococcal vaccination (PV) rates in patients on biologic therapies compared to the preintervention period. Recombinant zoster vaccine was not included in this phase as it was not readily available at the Memphis VA Medical Center at that time. Phase 2 (November 2019 to April 2022) sought to increase pneumococcal and herpes zoster vaccination rates.

Results
During phase 1, pneumococcal vaccination rates improved from a 41% preintervention rate to 66% (P &lt; .01). During phase 2, 73% of patients completed their pneumococcal vaccination series and 58% received PCV13, PPSV23 and at least 1 dose of Shingrix, compared to 30% in the preintervention period (P &lt; .01).

Conclusions
Provider education, clinical pathway, and Computerized Patient Record System order set can improve vaccination rates in patients with chronic inflammatory diseases on biologic immunosuppressive therapy.
Understanding what helium absorption tells us about atmospheric escape from exoplanets
Authors: Ballabio Giulia , Owen James E 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT
Atmospheric escape is now considered the major contributing factor in shaping the demographic of detected exoplanets. However, inferences about the exoplanet populations strongly depend on the accuracy of the models. Direct observational tests of atmospheric models are still in their infancy. Helium escape from planetary atmospheres has rapidly become the primary observational probe, already observed in $\gtrsim$20 exoplanets. Grounding our understanding in the basic physics of atmospheric escape, we present a new theoretical model to predict the excess absorption from the helium absorption line. We constrain the atmosphere properties, such as mass-loss rates and outflow temperatures, by implementing a Parker wind solution with an energy limited evaporating outflow. Importantly, we self-consistently link the mass-loss rates and outflow temperatures, which are critical to understanding helium absorption as the triplet-level population is typically exponentially sensitive to temperature. Furthermore, helium absorption is typically optically thin and the absorption is dominated far from the planet. Therefore, the absorption depth is not a measure of the size of the helium outflow. Our results indicate that for planets with a detectable signal, typically the helium triplet population in the atmosphere rapidly approaches a statistical equilibrium between populations by recombination and depopulation caused by electron collisions. We suggest that excess helium absorption can be quantified by a scaled equivalent width, which is positively correlated with the mass-loss rate. We also show that the helium absorption scales with incident radiation, particularly with the XEUV to FUV flux ratios.
Adduct-catalyzed tandem electro-thermal synthesis of organophosphorus (III) compounds from white phosphorus
Authors: Hu Jingcheng , He Haoyu , Xu Minghao , Qi Xiaotian , Fu Chao , Yi Hong , Lei Aiwen 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Electrooxidation strategies for synthesizing readily oxidizable products face notable challenges, especially when the oxidation potential of the products is lower than that of the reactants or when high current densities are necessary. The electrooxidation synthesis of trivalent organophosphorus compounds (OPCs (III)) from white phosphorus (P4) has demonstrated potential but is hindered by selectivity issues due to over-oxidation. Herein, we report a tandem electro-thermal synthesis pathway that addresses these challenges in producing OPCs (III) from P4. The process begins with an electrooxidation step that generates a stable trivalent phosphorus transfer reagent, then thermochemically converted into various high-value OPCs (III). Utilizing hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) as the nucleophile and optimizing a tetrabutylammonium iodide (TBAI)–4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP)-adduct catalytic system, we developed an efficient electrophilic phosphorus transfer reagent via electrosynthesis. The adduct facilitates the oxidation of P4 and enhances the nucleophilicity of HFIP, thereby improving the electrooxidation process. This approach supports high current density, scales up to the hundred-gram level without yield loss, and remains compatible with fluctuating green electricity.
‘But Switzerland’s boring’: tax migration and the pull of place-specific cultural capital
Authors: Friedman Sam , Gronwald Victoria , Summers Andy , Taylor Emma 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Many countries are concerned about the migration of top taxpayers. Yet we know little about how economic elites weigh the taxes they pay when deciding where to live. Existing evidence on tax flight is either quantitative or comes from wealthy individuals issuing warnings in the media. Drawing on in-depth interviews with thirty-five individuals in the top 1 per cent of the wealth distribution in the UK, we find a striking stigma attached to tax migration. Participants disparaged those who move for tax purposes and several characterized low-tax destinations as boring and culturally barren. Yet the most important factor restraining tax migration was the attachment to London as a place to work and live, particularly its unparalleled highbrow cultural infrastructure. These findings demonstrate that wealthy individuals often choose to prioritize investments in place-specific cultural capital above the relatively small gains in economic capital associated with tax migration.
Masked liking of pornography: implicit associations in men with compulsive sexual behavior
Authors: Engel Jannis , Waechter Antonia , Veit Maria , Kneer Jonas , Sinke Christopher , Brand Matthias , Krueger Tillmann H C 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder is a new category in the 11th version of the International Classification of Diseases and is showing neuropsychological similarities to substance dependencies and behavioral addictions.

Aims
This experimental study aims to further our knowledge on implicit associations in Compulsive Sexual Behavior (CSB) with a clinical sample.

Methods
Participants completed an Implicit Association Test modified with pornographic pictures. In addition, problematic sexual behavior and sensitivity toward sexual excitation were assessed.

Outcomes
We collected data on implicit associations from 47 heterosexual men with CSB (age, M = 36.51, SD = 11.47) and a control group of 38 men without the condition (age: M = 37.92, SD = 12.33).

Results
Results show significantly more positive relationships between implicit associations of pornographic pictures with positive emotions, as well as with problematic sexual behavior and sensitivity toward sexual excitation, in men with CSB vs. men without CSB. Furthermore, implicit associations, sexual excitation, and sexual inhibition due to threat of performance consequences differentiated significantly between groups using a binary stepwise logistic regression analysis. The findings are in line with those of previous subclinical investigations and support the assumption of pronounced positive implicit associations in CSB. Moreover, as suggested by the I-PACE model of addictive behaviors, implicit associations may be crucial to the maintenance of behavioral addictions.

Clinical implications
Implicit associations could be addressed in therapy to illustrate cognitive processes of those affected and as an outcome measure in research on treatment efficiency.

Strengths & limitations
The present study is the first to investigate implicit associations in CSB in a clinical sample. Findings are limited to heterosexual men.

Conclusion
Findings can be seen in accordance with a proposed classification of CSB as a behavioral addiction.
Gender, Money, and Power: The Importance of Equitable Distribution of Political Financing for the Achievement of Parity Democracy in Argentina
Authors: Francovich Mila , Saletti Cuesta Lorena , Brussino Silvina 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study aimed to understand the existence and consequences of a gender gap in political parties’ distribution of campaign budgets. We chose Cordoba, Argentina, because it pioneered electoral reforms favoring women. Four subthemes were identified from twenty-four interviews with legislators: gender differences in budget allocation, practices and consequences of differential treatment for female candidates, limitations of the political party financing law, and access to private funding. The study reveals a systemic gender-based inequality in campaign funding, limiting women’s ability to compete equally with men in politics. It highlights the intersection of gender and financial power, showing that current political finance regulations are insufficient. These findings challenge the effectiveness of gender-focused reforms and suggest the need for comprehensive approaches to political party financing. The study also has implications for future research, as it raises important questions about the long-term effects of financial inequality on women’s political participation and representation globally.
Representation of Hispanic Patients in Clinical Trials for Respiratory Failure: A Systematic Review
Authors: Harlan Emily A. , Malley Kaitlin , Quiroga Grecia , Mubarak Eman , Lama Pema , Schutz Amanda , Cuevas Adolfo , Hough Catherine L. , Iwashyna Theodore J. , Armstrong-Hough Mari , Valley Thomas S. 
Published: January 2025

OBJECTIVES:
Hispanic individuals comprise one-fifth of the U.S. population and Hispanic patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (AHRF) experience higher odds of death compared with non-Hispanic White patients. Representation of Hispanic patients in clinical trials for respiratory failure is critical to address this inequity. We conducted a systematic review to examine the inclusion of Hispanic patients in randomized controlled trials for AHRF and assessed language as a potential barrier to enrollment.

DATA SOURCES:
National Library of Medicine PubMed, Elsevier Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases through January 2024.

STUDY SELECTION:
Randomized controlled trials assessing AHRF interventions enrolling U.S. patients receiving mechanical ventilation, noninvasive mechanical ventilation, or high-flow nasal cannula were included. The systematic review was registered prospectively through PROSPERO (CRD42023437828).

DATA EXTRACTION:
Two authors independently screened studies and extracted data for each included study.

DATA SYNTHESIS:
Ninety-four trials published from 1975 to 2023 were included; 33.0% (n = 31) of studies reported ethnicity, and 11.2% of participants in studies reporting race or ethnicity (1,320/11,780) were identified as Hispanic. The proportion of Hispanic-identified participants was significantly lower than the U.S. Hispanic population from 1996 to 2019 (p < 0.01). Starting in 2020, the proportion of Hispanic-identified participants was significantly higher than the U.S. population (27.8% vs. 19.1%; p < 0.01). Two studies (4.9%) reporting race or ethnicity excluded non-English speaking participants; the remainder did not specify language requirements for enrollment.

CONCLUSIONS:
Hispanic-identified individuals were underrepresented in trials for AHRF until 2020 when Hispanic patient representation increased during COVID-19. Exclusion of participants who do not speak English may represent a barrier to trial enrollment.
Critical Care Therapy After Cytoreductive Nephrectomy for Metastatic Kidney Cancer
Authors: Siech Carolin , de Angelis Mario , Jannello Letizia Maria Ippolita , Di Bello Francesco , Rodriguez Peñaranda Natali , Goyal Jordan A. , Tian Zhe , Saad Fred , Shariat Shahrokh F. , Puliatti Stefano , Longo Nicola , de Cobelli Ottavio , Briganti Alberto , Hoeh Benedikt , Mandel Philipp , Kluth Luis A. , Chun Felix K. H. , Karakiewicz Pierre I. 
Published: January 2025

OBJECTIVES:
To examine critical care therapy rates after cytoreductive nephrectomy in metastatic kidney cancer patients.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PATIENTS:
Relying on the National Inpatient Sample (2000–2019), we addressed critical care therapy use (total parenteral nutrition, invasive mechanical ventilation, renal replacement therapy, percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube insertion, and tracheostomy) and in-hospital mortality in surgically treated metastatic kidney cancer patients. Estimated annual percentage changes and multivariable logistic regression models were fitted.

INTERVENTIONS:
None.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:
Of 10,915 patients, 802 (7.3%) received critical care therapy and 249 (2.4%) died in-hospital. Over time, critical care therapy rates did not differ significantly (6.6% in 2000 to 5.7% in 2019; p = 0.07), while in-hospital mortality decreased from 2.3% to 1.9% (p = 0.004). Age 71 years old or older (odds ratio [OR], 1.43; p < 0.001) and higher comorbidity burden (Charlson Comorbidity Index [CCI] ≥ 3: OR, 2.92; p < 0.001 and CCI 1–2: OR, 1.45; p < 0.001) independently predicted higher critical care therapy rates. Conversely, partial nephrectomy (OR, 0.51; p = 0.003) and minimally invasive surgery (OR, 0.33; p < 0.001) predicted lower critical care therapy rates. Virtually the same associations were recorded for in-hospital mortality.

CONCLUSIONS:
After cytoreductive nephrectomy, critical care therapy rate was 7.3% vs. in-hospital mortality was 2.4%. Of patients at highest risk of critical care therapy need were those with CCI greater than or equal to 3 and those 71 years old or older. Ideally, these patients should represent targets for thorough assessment of risk factors for complications before cytoreductive nephrectomy.
Reinnervation of Free Nipple Grafts Associated With Improved Erection Function
Authors: Remy Katya , Fruge Seth E. , McCulloch Ian L. , Vicente Kristyn , Kochheiser Makayla , Carruthers Katherine H. , Austen William G. , Gfrerer Lisa , Valerio Ian L. 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Most patients undergoing breast surgery with free nipple grafts lose nipple erection (NE) function. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of nerve preservation and reconstruction with targeted nipple–areola complex reinnervation (TNR) on NE following gender-affirming mastectomy with free nipple grafting.

Methods:
Patients undergoing gender-affirming mastectomy with free nipple grafts were prospectively enrolled. Subjects who underwent TNR were compared with controls who did not undergo TNR. Postoperative patient-reported NE function was scored using a 4-point Likert scale. Objective NE evaluation consisted of the change in areola circumference and nipple height following cold application using a thermal device and 3-dimensional imaging.

Results:
Twenty patients (11 subjects and 9 controls) with comparable age, body mass index, and mastectomy weight were included. At an average follow-up of 16.8 (±7.0) months, significantly more subjects reported NE than controls (72.8% versus 38.9%, P = 0.03), with a higher median NE score (3 [range 1–4] versus 1 [range 1–2], P = 0.0005). Following cold application, subjects had a greater mean reduction in areola circumference (−4.16 ± 3.3 versus −1.67 ± 1.9 mm, P = 0.02) and a greater mean increase in nipple height (+0.86 ± 0.8 versus +0.37±0.3 mm, P = 0.04) compared with controls. Improved patient-reported NE function correlated with better cold detection thresholds (P = 0.01).

Conclusions:
TNR was associated with improved patient-reported and objective NE following gender-affirming mastectomy. Improved NE correlated with improved cold detection, suggesting the role of both sensory and autonomic innervation in mediating NE.
Long-term Breast Shape Analysis After Short-scar Reduction Mammaplasty: A Critical View
Authors: Hilewitz Daniel , Ganor Oren , Adler Neta , Olshinka Asaf , Shilo Yaacobi Dafna , Har-Shai Lior , Shay Tamir , Icekson Michael , Ad-El Dean , Meshulam-Derazon Sagit 
Published: January 2025

Background:
Over the past 2 decades, vertical scar reduction mammaplasty techniques have been gaining more acceptance. However, many surgeons are still hesitant to use it routinely because of the uncertainty of the effectiveness of vertical scar techniques in managing lower pole skin excess. We aimed to test its efficacy by using objective anthropometric measurements to evaluate long-term breast shape and lower pole stability.

Methods:
The study population included 40 of 129 consecutive women with short-scar reduction mammaplasty followed up for at least 1 year. Breasts were measured preoperatively, perioperatively, and at least 1 year postoperatively. All women also completed the BREAST-Q questionnaire at their most recent visit.

Results:
The mean sternal notch-to-nipple and upper breast-to-nipple distances decreased postoperatively by 22% and 43%, respectively, and remained stable over a mean time of 110.1 ± 65.58 weeks. The nipple-to-inframammary fold distance, which was intraoperatively shortened by an average of 63%, elongated back to 88% of its preoperative measurements. No correlation was detected between the long-term changes across all 3 measurements, the amount of tissue removed or the satisfaction reported by patients. Mean BREAST-Q satisfaction rates in all parameters evaluated were 75.79–98.12.

Conclusions:
The 12% improvement in the nipple-to-inframammary fold measurement implies that the short-scar technique might properly address the horizontal dimension of the hypertrophic-ptotic breast but falls short in addressing its vertical dimension. The search for a modification that mirrors the advantages of the vertical scar technique in terms of shape and projection, while guaranteeing a steady lower pole, remains ongoing.
Intravitreal Sustained Release Steroid Implants Are Safe and Effective in Patients With Glaucoma Drainage Devices
Authors: Zhou Henry W. , Tandias Rachel , Lu Edward S , Hoyek Sandra , Lin Michael M. , Miller John B. , Solá-Del Valle David , Patel Nimesh A. 
Published: January 2025

Purpose:
To describe effects of sustained-release steroid delivery devices on intraocular pressure (IOP) in eyes with glaucoma drainage devices (GDD).

Methods:
Retrospective case series of eyes with steroid implants (dexamethasone or fluocinolone acetonide) and prior GDD (Ahmed, Baerveldt) without uveitis. Outcomes included IOP, IOP rise, central foveal thickness (CFT), and IOP medications.

Results:
We included 14 eyes (14 patients, 38% male, 94% pseudophakic). Mean age at steroid implantation was 64 ± 12 years. Baerveldt (64%) was more common than Ahmed (36%). Tubes were in the anterior chamber (57.1%), sulcus (28.6%), and pars plana (14.3%). Ozurdex (93%) was more common than Yutiq (7%). Mean IOP was 13.5 ± 3.4 mmHg pre-implant, 11.8 ± 3.7 mmHg at month 1, 13.3 ± 3.6 mmHg at month 3 (p=0.35), and 11.3 ± 3.8 mmHg at 1 year (p=0.032). Mean antihypertensive medications was unchanged at month 3 (p = 1.0), and -0.36 medications at last follow-up (p = 0.35). Mean CFT change was -204 ± 158 μm (p = 0.001). There were no cases of endophthalmitis.

Conclusions:
Intravitreal steroid implants were safe and effective for the treatment of post-surgical CME in patients with pre-existing GDD. There was no increase in IOP and no increase in antihypertensive drops.