bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multi‐objective salp swarm algorithm‐based fractional order fuzzy precompensated PDPI controller for frequency regulation of hybrid power system
Authors: Mohanty Debidasi , Panda Sidhartha 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSignificant number of renewable sources when integrated with distributed generations and energy storage components form a sustainable power system called hybrid power system (HPS). But the stochastic nature of the sources and continuous variation of load cause serious issues in the power systems like frequency instability. Our work proposes a novel approach for load frequency control (LFC) of the proposed system. For the work, both frequency deviation and control signal are used to give the input signal to energy storage components. A new fuzzy‐based controller called fractional order fuzzy precompensated PDPI (FO‐FPPDPI) controller for LFC of the mentioned HPS is suggested in this paper. The controller is optimized by a nature inspired multi‐objective salp swarm algorithm (MSSA). The comparison of the proposed approach with the classical PID controller and Fuzzy PID (FPID) controller is carried out by taking several system operating conditions. Robustness of the FO‐FPPDPI controller is also validated for system parameter variations and the superiority of the proposed control strategy over PID and FPID controllers is validated for all the situations. Finally, the control strategy is realized in OPAL‐RT to measure its fidelity with the simulation results.
Silibinin alleviates inflammation‐induced bone loss by modulating biological interaction between human gingival fibroblasts and monocytes
Authors: Huang Ren‐Yeong , Chang Hua‐Yang , Chih Shu‐Mi , Dyke Thomas Van , Cheng Chia‐Dan , Sung Cheng‐En , Weng Pei‐Wei , Shieh Yi‐Shing , Cheng Wan‐Chien 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundSilibinin has shown various pharmacological effects that could be attributed to its antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, and immunoregulatory properties. However, the therapeutic potential of silibinin for periodontitis has not been investigated.MethodsThe therapeutic effects of silibinin in ligation‐induced experimental periodontitis were investigated using biochemical, histological, and immunohistochemical methods. The effects of silibinin on the osteoclastogenesis of RAW264.7 cells were investigated using TRAP staining, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), pit formation, and immunoblotting. Moreover, its effects on inflammatory cytokine production, RANKL expression, and oxidative stress in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐stimulated human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) were evaluated using qPCR and flow cytometry. A coculture system was established to elucidate the effects of silibinin on the crosstalk between LPS‐stimulated HGFs and undifferentiated monocytes.ResultsSilibinin significantly reduced the alveolar bone loss, decreased the gingival inflammation and RANKL expression, and decreased the RANKL/osteoprotegerin ratio in gingival tissues in experimental periodontitis. The in vitro results showed that silibinin inhibited RANKL‐induced osteoclast differentiation and function of RAW264.7 cells and suppressed RANKL‐induced nuclear factor of activated T cells 1 (NFATc1) induction and translocation through the nuclear factor‐κB and mitogen‐activated protein kinase signaling pathways. Silibinin decreased the inflammatory cytokine level and oxidative stress production in LPS‐stimulated HGFs; significantly suppressed membrane‐bound RANKL expression on LPS‐stimulated HGFs; and significantly disrupted TRAP+ cell differentiation in the coculture system.ConclusionsSilibinin effectively inhibits inflammation‐induced bone loss in experimental periodontitis based on the regulation of stimulated HGFs by inhibiting the expression of inflammatory and osteoclastogenic mediators. Collectively, targeting the inflamed HGF resolution that mediates osteogenesis may use silibinin as a potential drug‐repurposing candidate for modulating alveolar bone destruction in periodontitis.SummarySilibinin effectively inhibits inflammation‐induced bone loss in experimental periodontitis based on the regulation of stimulated HGFs by inhibiting the expression of inflammatory and osteoclastogenic mediators.
Effects of taurine on rumen fermentation, nutrient digestion, rumen bacterial community and metabolomics and nitrogen metabolism in beef steers
Authors: Liu Yufeng , Hu Jinming , Li Meng M. , Zhao Guangyong 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of taurine on rumen fermentation, rumen bacterial community and metabolomics, nitrogen metabolism and plasma biochemical parameters in beef steers. Six castrated Simmental steers (liveweight 402 ± 34 kg) and three levels of taurine (0, 20, 40 g d−1) were assigned in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design. Each experimental period included 15 days for adaptation and 5 days for sampling.RESULTSSupplementing taurine did not affect the ruminal pH or concentrations of ammonia nitrogen and volatile fatty acids (P > 0.10), but linearly increased the ruminal concentrations of taurine (P < 0.001) and microbial crude protein (P = 0.041). Supplementing taurine linearly increased the neutral detergent fiber digestibility (P = 0.018), and tended to linearly increase dry matter digestibility (P = 0.095), tended to increase the fecal nitrogen excretion (P = 0.065) and increased the urinary taurine excretion (P < 0.001). Supplementing taurine quadratically increased the plasma concentration of triglycerides (P = 0.017), tended to linearly decrease growth hormone (P = 0.074), but did not affect other plasma parameters (P > 0.10). Supplementing taurine modified the rumen bacterial community and increased the ruminal concentration of taurine metabolite 2‐hydroxyethoxysulfonic acid (P < 0.001).CONCLUSIONIt was concluded that taurine improved ruminal microbial crude protein synthesis and increased fiber digestibility through modifying rumen bacterial community. It is necessary to clarify the ruminal hydrolysis of taurine in steers. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Paralysis Versus Non‐Paralysis Anesthesia for Operative Laryngoscopy: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Yang Jackie , Crosby Tyler , Chen Sophia , Ezeh Uche C. , Patil Sachi , Kwak Paul E. , Chin Wanda A. , Amin Milan R. 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveTo compare outcomes between two standard‐of‐care anesthesia regimens for operative laryngoscopy: general anesthesia with a neuromuscular blocking agent (NMBA) versus remifentanil and propofol (non‐NMBA).MethodsThis was a prospective, single‐blinded, randomized controlled trial at a tertiary care center. Patients were randomized to either anesthesia using rocuronium (NMBA) or with remifentanil/propofol infusion alone (non‐NMBA). Intraoperative impressions, anesthesia data, and post‐operative patient surveys were collected.ResultsSixty‐one patients who underwent suspension laryngoscopy from 2020 to 2022 were included (25 female, 36 male, ranging 20–81 years). Thirty patients were enrolled in the NMBA arm and 31 patients in the non‐NMBA arm. Heart rate and mean arterial pressure were higher in the NMBA (p < 0.01). Patients in the non‐NMBA group were more likely to require vasopressors (p = 0.04, RR = 3.08 [0.86–11.05]). Surgeons were more frequently satisfied with conditions in the NMBA group (86.7%) compared to the non‐NMBA group (58.1%, p < 0.01). Procedures were more likely to be paused due to movement in the non‐NMBA group (45.1%) compared to the NMBA group (16.6%, p < 0.03, RR = 2.26 [1.02–4.99]). Patients in the non‐NMBA group were more likely to endorse myalgia the week after surgery (44%) compared to the NMBA group (8.3%, p < 0.01) and reported higher average pain levels on a 0–10 pain scale (3.7) compared to the paralysis group (2.0).ConclusionsAnesthesia with rocuronium was associated with better intraoperative conditions and postoperative pain compared to anesthesia with remifentanil/propofol. Remifentanil/propofol were associated with lower blood pressure and suppression of laryngoscopy‐associated tachycardia.Level of Evidence2 Laryngoscope, 133:2654–2664, 2023
Tidal control and mangrove dieback impact on methane emissions from a subtropical mangrove estuary
Authors: Yu Hao , Organ Hannah , Xu Derry , Coffin Richard 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMangrove ecosystems with high sediment deposition and active carbon cycling are a source of methane (CH4) to the coastal atmosphere. We investigated diurnal and seasonal variations in CH4 emissions from a subtropical mangrove estuary in southern Texas, northwest Gulf of Mexico. Tidal processes, amplitude (spring vs. neap tides) and topographic characteristics are crucial factors controlling CH4 cycling in mangrove creeks. Higher CH4 concentrations were observed during the ebb in spring tides due to the combination of processive export of CH4 along the creeks during ebb tides and the addition of porewater CH4 in upper intertidal sediment under water inundation in spring tides. The annual CH4 emissions offset approximately 0.15% of the carbon stock in normal years, indicating that these mangrove creeks are a weak CH4 source. However, significantly elevated CH4 emissions were observed from mangrove dieback after the extreme cold‐freezing event in February 2021. The average CH4 flux from the mangrove creeks (126.1 ± 128.3 μmol [m2·d]−1) increased 45% in 3 months after mangrove die‐off in comparison with the overall average in normal years (87.0 ± 64.4 μmol [m2·d]−1). It is obvious that the previous small CH4 offset of the healthy mangrove forest was enlarged by the dieback event. Because the mangrove forests in this study live close to the limit of their survival range, our study highlights the important management considerations for blue carbon projects in vulnerable areas.
AAPM Task Group Report 238: 3D C‐arms with volumetric imaging capability*
Authors: Supanich Mark , Siewerdsen Jeff , Fahrig Rebecca , Farahani Keyvan , Gang Grace Jianan , Helm Pat , Jans Jan , Jones Kyle , Koenig Thomas , Kuhls‐Gilcrist Andrew , Lin MingDe , Riddell Cyril , Ritschl Ludwig , Schafer Sebastian , Schueler Beth , Silver Mike , Timmer Jan , Trousset Yves , Zhang Jie 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis report reviews the image acquisition and reconstruction characteristics of C‐arm Cone Beam Computed Tomography (C‐arm CBCT) systems and provides guidance on quality control of C‐arm systems with this volumetric imaging capability. The concepts of 3D image reconstruction, geometric calibration, image quality, and dosimetry covered in this report are also pertinent to CBCT for Image‐Guided Radiation Therapy (IGRT). However, IGRT systems introduce a number of additional considerations, such as geometric alignment of the imaging at treatment isocenter, which are beyond the scope of the charge to the task group and the report.Section 1 provides an introduction to C‐arm CBCT systems and reviews a variety of clinical applications. Section 2 briefly presents nomenclature specific or unique to these systems. A short review of C‐arm fluoroscopy quality control (QC) in relation to 3D C‐arm imaging is given in Section 3. Section 4 discusses system calibration, including geometric calibration and uniformity calibration. A review of the unique approaches and challenges to 3D reconstruction of data sets acquired by C‐arm CBCT systems is give in Section 5. Sections 6 and 7 go in greater depth to address the performance assessment of C‐arm CBCT units. First, Section 6 describes testing approaches and phantoms that may be used to evaluate image quality (spatial resolution and image noise and artifacts) and identifies several factors that affect image quality. Section 7 describes both free‐in‐air and in‐phantom approaches to evaluating radiation dose indices.The methodologies described for assessing image quality and radiation dose may be used for annual constancy assessment and comparisons among different systems to help medical physicists determine when a system is not operating as expected. Baseline measurements taken either at installation or after a full preventative maintenance service call can also provide valuable data to help determine whether the performance of the system is acceptable. Collecting image quality and radiation dose data on existing phantoms used for CT image quality and radiation dose assessment, or on newly developed phantoms, will inform the development of performance criteria and standards. Phantom images are also useful for identifying and evaluating artifacts. In particular, comparing baseline data with those from current phantom images can reveal the need for system calibration before image artifacts are detected in clinical practice. Examples of artifacts are provided in Sections 4, 5, and 6.
Multi‐parametric MRI for radiotherapy simulation
Authors: Li Tian , Wang Jihong , Yang Yingli , Glide‐Hurst Carri K. , Wen Ning , Cai Jing 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become an important imaging modality in the field of radiotherapy (RT) in the past decade, especially with the development of various novel MRI and image‐guidance techniques. In this review article, we will describe recent developments and discuss the applications of multi‐parametric MRI (mpMRI) in RT simulation. In this review, mpMRI refers to a general and loose definition which includes various multi‐contrast MRI techniques. Specifically, we will focus on the implementation, challenges, and future directions of mpMRI techniques for RT simulation.
Refined teaching methods, systems thinking, and experiential approaches enhanced students learning through COVID‐19
Authors: Ortez Osler , Hall Alyssa , Sindelar Meghan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe Soil Nutrient Relationships course serves juniors and seniors with a major or minor in agronomy at the University of Nebraska‐Lincoln. Pre‐pandemic enrollment averaged 65 students. In 2021 and 2022, course enrollment was 42 and 55, respectively. The course was adjusted to a flipped design in 2017. Moving into 2021, the Soil Nutrient Relationships course underwent a major overhaul by changing the content source materials and organization of lab activities while maintaining the flipped delivery format. While responding to the COVID‐19 pandemic limitations, the redesign was intended to focus limited face‐to‐face meetings (in person or web‐conference) on problem‐solving activities. This paper reports on course redesign emphasizing changes for and since the pandemic. Surveys were used in both 2021 and 2022 to assess students’ learning and reception to the course design. In surveys, students responded that they gained knowledge in all course learning objectives and increased both problem‐solving and systems approach skills. The overall responses were similar between 2021 and 2022; however, one difference was that students placed a higher value on the in‐person discussion and lecture in 2022 relative to Zoom discussion or video lecture in 2021. Despite working on similar problem‐solving activities, 81% responded that discussion helped with problem solving skills when done via Zoom in 2021 while 88% responded that in person discussion helped with problem‐solving skills in 2022. Smaller group sizes used in 2021 seemed to improve student opinions of learning; this is the one change that instructors plan to use in the future.
An oscillation free local discontinuous Galerkin method for nonlinear degenerate parabolic equations
Authors: Tao Qi , Liu Yong , Jiang Yan , Lu Jianfang 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAn oscillation free local discontinuous Galerkin (OFLDG) method is proposed for solving nonlinear degenerate parabolic equations. The damping terms are added to the original LDG scheme to control the spurious oscillations when solutions have a large gradient. The L2‐stability and optimal priori error estimates for the semi‐discrete scheme in one‐ and multi‐dimensions are established. The numerical experiments demonstrate that the proposed method maintains the high order accuracy and controls the spurious oscillations well.
Intratympanic Botulinum Toxin Injection as a New Therapeutic Modality for Middle Ear Myoclonic Tinnitus
Authors: Park Jung M. , Kim Min J. , Han Jae S. , Park So Y. , Park Shi N. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveMiddle ear myoclonic tinnitus (MEMT) is a disease caused by myoclonus or abnormal contractive movement of middle ear muscles (MEMs). This translational study was conducted to propose intratympanic botulinum toxin (IT‐BTX) injection as a new therapeutic modality to treat MEMT.Study DesignAnimal experiment and nonrandomized controlled clinical trial.SettingLaboratory and medical center of an academic tertiary medical institution.MethodsFor the animal study, male Sprague‐Dawley rats were divided into 4 subgroups according to the sacrificing day after IT‐BTX injection. After initial hearing tests, randomly assigned experimental ears were intratympanically injected with 1 unit/100 μL of BTX‐A, whereas control ears were injected with normal saline. Changes in the hearing thresholds, morphometry of the cochleae, electron microscopy study, and immunofluorescence analysis of MEMs were evaluated. For the human study, 10 intractable MEMT patients were enrolled. The hearing thresholds and the degree of tinnitus distress were observed for changes after IT‐BTX injection. All patients were followed up for 3 months.ResultsAs for the animal study, there were no significant changes in hearing thresholds and cochlear morphologies in all 4 subgroups of the rats. Significant MEM degenerations and immuno‐detection of cleaved synaptosome‐associated protein of 25 kDa (cSNAP‐25) indicated the efficacy of IT‐BTX. MEMT patients enrolled for the pilot clinical trial showed statistically significant improvement in tinnitus after IT‐BTX injection. No major complications were noted.ConclusionThe new therapeutic modality of IT‐BTX injection for the treatment of MEMT seems highly promising with an excellent result.
Three‐dimensional printing of triply periodic minimal surface structured scaffolds for load‐bearing bone defects
Authors: Agarwal Raj , Malhotra Shriya , Gupta Vishal , Jain Vivek 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe porous and cellular architecture of scaffolds plays a significant role in mechanical strength and bone regeneration during the healing of fractured bones. In this present study, triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS)‐based gyroid and primitive lattice structures were used to design the cellular porous biomimetic scaffolds with different unit cell sizes (4, 5, and 6). The fused filament fabrication‐based 3D printing technology was used for the fabrication of polylactic acid scaffolds. The surface morphology and mechanical compressive strength of differently structured scaffolds were observed using scanning electron microscopy and a universal testing machine. The unit cell size of 4 showed higher compressive strength in both gyroid and primitive structured scaffolds compared to unit cell sizes 5 and 6. Moreover, the gyroid structured scaffolds have higher compressive strengths as compared to primitive structured scaffolds due to the higher bonding surface area at the intercalated layers of the scaffold. Hence, the mechanical strength of scaffolds can be tailored by varying the unit cell size and cellular structures to avoid stress shielding and ensure implant safety. These TPMS‐based scaffolds are promising and can be used as bone substitute materials in tissue engineering and orthopedic applications.
Determination of vancomycin exposure target and individualized dosing recommendations for critically ill patients undergoing continuous renal replacement therapy
Authors: Wang Chuhui , Chen Jiaojiao , Yang Bo , Li Sihan , Zhang Yiran , Chen Lei , Wang Taotao , Dong Yalin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractStudy ObjectiveFew studies have been conducted to quantify the exposure target of vancomycin in intensive care unit (ICU) patients undergoing continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) and provide optimized dosage regimens. We aimed to determine vancomycin exposure target and dosing recommendations using data from an open database in critically ill patients undergoing CRRT.DesignA retrospective observational cohort study.Data SourceA large public database.PatientsThe adult patients who received intravenous vancomycin and CRRT treatment in the database between 2017 and 2019 were reviewed to determine eligibility. A total of 180 patients with 1186 observations were included in the population pharmacokinetic (PPK) model development. The clinical efficacy of vancomycin was analyzed in 159 eligible patients.MethodsA PPK model was developed to estimate individual pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters. The area under the concentration‐time curve (AUC) was estimated by a Bayesian approach based on individual vancomycin concentrations. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the factors of clinical outcomes. Threshold of vancomycin exposure in predicting efficacy was identified via receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Dosing recommendations were designed using Monte Carlo Simulations (MCS) based on the optimized exposure target.Measurements and Main ResultsOn covariate analysis, CRRT intensity significantly affected vancomycin PK. The AUC above 427 mg*h/L was the only significant predictor of clinical efficacy (adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 1.008, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.004–1.011, p = 0.000). MCS indicated that vancomycin dosage regimens of 5 mg/kg q12h or 7.5 mg/kg q12h were recommended for patients with CRRT intensities of 20–25 mL/kg/h or 25.1–45 mL/kg/h, respectively.ConclusionsAn AUC threshold of 427 mg*h/L (assuming the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) = 1 mg/L) was a recommended efficacy exposure target of vancomycin for critically ill patients undergoing CRRT. Vancomycin 5–7.5 mg/kg q12h is recommended as the initial dosage regimens for ICU patients undergoing CRRT.
Electronic and optical properties of lead‐free double perovskites A2BCl6 (A = Rb, Cs; B = Si, Ge, Sn) for solar cell applications: A systematic computational study
Authors: Saloni  , Kumar Pancham , Sharma Pooja , Ranjan Prabhat , Chakraborty Tanmoy 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn recent years, lead‐free double perovskite materials have attracted much attention due to their probable applications in photovoltaic and optoelectronic devices. In this work, the electronic and optical properties of lead‐free double perovskites A2BCl6 (A = Rb, Cs; B = Si, Ge, and Sn) are studied using density functional theory (DFT) methodology. The result shows that the highest occupied molecular orbital–lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (HOMO‐LUMO) energy gaps of these compounds vary between 0.524 and 0.919 eV, which agrees with the previously reported data. HOMO‐LUMO gap for Rb2SiCl6 is observed as 0.919 eV, which falls in the optimal energy gap range, that is, 0.9 to 1.6 eV for double perovskite material. Conceptual DFT‐based descriptors—molecular hardness, softness, electronegativity, electrophilicity index, and dipole moment of these compounds—are studied. The tolerance factor of A2BCl6 is observed in the range of 1.00 to 1.26. Rb2SnCl6 is almost a perfect fit with a value of 1.00. Cs2SiCl6 shows the maximum value of the refractive index and dielectric constant. Optical electronegativity is found between 0.178 and 0.246 eV. The suitable band gap and high value of the refractive index and dielectric constant make double perovskites A2BCl6 effective for solar cells and optoelectronic devices.