bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Association between Mood, Inhibitory Control and Depressive Symptoms: An Ecological Momentary Assessment Study
Authors: Nahum M. , Yitzhak N. , Shimony-Mazar O. , Oved N. , Bonne O. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionCognitive models of depression highlight the role of inhibitory control - the cognitive control ability which supports our goal directed behavior – as key and even causal feature of the disorder. According to these models, deficits in inhibitory control prevent the exclusion of irrelevant negative information, leading to rumination and sustained negative mood which result in depressive episodes. However, the scientific evidence linking deficits in inhibitory control to depression is thus far mixed. Moreover, although one’s inhibitory control ability may fluctuate, it is often assessed using a single-time measurement in the lab.ObjectivesHere we aimed to assess the association between intra-individual fluctuations in inhibitory control measured in ecological settings, daily mood states, and depressive symptoms.MethodsN=106 participants (Mean age: 38 ± 10 years; range: 19-62 years; 68% female) reported their depressive symptoms (using the PHQ-9 scale) and completed a mobile version of the Go-NoGo inhibition task at baseline. They then completed a 5-day
ecological-momentary-assessment (EMA) protocol, in which they reported their current mood (using the IMS-12 scale) and performed a shortened version of the Go-NoGo task twice/day using a mobile application. Depressive symptoms were assessed again following the 5-day EMA. Hierarchical-linear-modeling (HLM) was applied to examine the association between momentary IC and mood, with post-EMA depressive symptoms as a moderator. Inhibitory control was included as a time-varying predictor for mood in the 1st step, and depressive symptoms post-EMA and their interaction with inhibition were included in the 2nd step.ResultsAt baseline, there were no correlations between depressive symptoms and inhibitory control (rp = .035, n.s). However, individuals with elevated depressive symptoms demonstrated worse and more variable inhibition performance over time (rp = .29, p = .002), as captured in the EMA measures. In addition, participants with more variable inhibitory control performance over time also reported more depressive symptoms at the end of the 5-day period (rp = .27, p = .006). Finally, post-EMA depressive symptoms moderated the association between momentary inhibitory control and daily mood, such that reduced inhibition was associated with more negative mood only for those with lower, but not with higher, depressive symptoms (Figure 1).Image:ConclusionsVariable, rather than mere reduced inhibitory control is related to depressive symptoms. Moreover, the role of inhibition in modulating mood differs in non-depressed vs. depressed individuals. These findings contribute to our understanding of inhibition and mood in real life and help account for some of the discrepant findings related to cognitive control models of depression. Future investigations should examine the validity of these outcomes in other, clinical samples.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Fathers’ Role in Bulimia Nervosa: A Systematic Review
Authors: Akkese M. N. , Treasure J. , Himmerich H. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionBulimia Nervosa (BN) is a highly prevalent eating disorder related to multiple risk factors. In this regard, familial variables can play a critical role in the development and maintenance of BN.ObjectivesThe existing studies frequently explored mothers and maternal factors, while fathers and paternal variables have been less extensively investigated in this field. Therefore, we aimed to systematically review the studies on the role of paternal factors in BN.MethodsThis systematic review process was carried out according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. As a result of the literature search on PubMed, Web of Science TM, and APA PsycINFO, 419 candidate papers were determined and evaluated based on the eligibility criteria. The quality assessment of the final 59 studies was conducted using the JBI Critical Appraisal Tools.ResultsThen, we thematically arranged and narratively reported the qualitative and quantitative research findings. Paternal attitudes (e.g., critical, abusive, aggressive, uncaring, and unaffectionate), family dynamics (e.g., chaotic, rigid, less communicative, and emotionally involved), and father-specific features (e.g., personality traits, eating psychopathology features) were found as three main groups that could be directly or indirectly associated with the development and maintenance of BN symptoms. The eligible qualitative studies also indicated that fathers could positively influence the recovery process of their daughters with BN (e.g., by helping them develop healthy adaptive body image, self-adequacy, and self-esteem).ConclusionsThe contradictory outcomes were discussed for further research and clinical implications.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Resilience for Juvenile Recidivists Versus One‑Time Offenders in Argentina
Authors: Orlando M. S. S. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionResilient potential of 100 young male offenders (aged 16-17), in Buenos Aires was assessed using a translated and revised version of the Resilience Scale (RS) of 14 items (Wagnild, 2009). Data on family criminality, school achievement and socioeconomic status was also obtained for both groups. The greater the resilient potential the greater the opportunity of not to reoffend irrespective of being controlled by key risk factors.Objectives1-Do repeat offenders have lower resilient potential than one-time offenders? 2. If a relationship between resilience and repeat offending does exist, is this explained by family criminality, low school achievement or low socioeconomic status?MethodsPsychosocial interviews with each participant were conducted by the named author, under strict judicial conditions considering privacy in all cases, based on informed consent, with the condition of maintaining the concealed identity of the participants. In all cases it was clarified that youth participation was voluntary.Results
Table 1.M (SD) M (SD) t d pAge 16.20 (0.41) 16.45 (0.50) 2.70 0.66 0.008Resilience M (SD) M (SD) t d pFactor I 29.92 (7.25) 63.45 (4.92) 27.16 5.41 <0.001Factor II 7.37 (1.95) 16.59 (1.87) 24.13 11.33 <0.001Total Resilience 37.29 (8.67) 80.09 (6.49) 27.82 5.59 <0.001Risk Factors % % chi d pFamily Criminality 44.9 3.9 20.81 1.03 <0.001Low School Achievement 98.0 11.8 71.31 3.15 <0.001Low Socioeconomic Status 42.9 11.8 10.73 0.69 0.001
Table 2. Independent Predictors of Repeat OffendingVariables β pCriminality in the family 2.994 <0.001Low school achievement 5.886 <0.001Low socioeconomic status (SES) -1.727 <0.001Note. All comparisons p<.001.ConclusionsTaking into account the lack of studies on resilience in juvenile offenders in both national and international research the findings of the present study provide an important contribution in the field of juvenile offending, particularly in the view of further interventions aimed at the prevention and rehabilitation in the near and long term of juvenile offenders in Argentina.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Evaluation of mental functioning of patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Mnif I. , Feki A. , Sellami I. , Gassara Z. , Ben Djemaa S. , Ezzeddine M. , Kallel M. H. , Fourati H. , Baklouti S. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory degenerative disease whose symptoms are mainly joint with significant functional impact, resulting in a restriction of the activities of the patient and increasing the impact on mental well-being.ObjectivesThis study aimed to screen for mental functioning in RA patients, detect anxiety and depression, evaluate self-esteem and study its relation to clinical parameters, as well as disease activity.MethodsSingle-centre cross-sectional study, involving patients with RA using the hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADs). Rosenberg scale was used to evaluate self-esteem. We evaluated the RA severity Disease Activity Severity (DAS 28).ResultsFifty patients were included. The average age was 54 years [24-72]. The mean duration of the disease was 10 years. Thirty-nine patients had immunopositive RA with a mean Rheumatoid Factor level of 189.1 ± 291.3 U/ml and a mean anti-CCP antibody level of 165 ± 225.3 U/ml. At diagnosis, the mean DAS 28 of the patients was 5.1 ± 1.4. Moderately active and highly active RA were predominant with percentages of 40% and 50% respectively. All patients were treated, and 36% received biological treatment.Depression was noted in 42% of the patients with a mean score of 10.1 ± 3.7. Anxiety was noted in 50% of the patients with a mean score of 10.3 ± 4.In this study, we did not find a statistically significant association between disease activity and depression or anxiety scores (p=0.6 and p=0.1 respectively).The mean Rosenberg scale score was 27± 3. Sixty-eight per cent of patients had low self-esteem, twenty-one per cent had moderate self-esteem and eleven per cent very low self-esteem. Disease activity was associated with low self-esteem.ConclusionsRA is a chronic inflammatory disease that has a significant impact on the mental health and quality of life of patients. The detection and treatment of psychiatric disorders such as anxiety, depression and low self-esteem; improve the care of patients with RA.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Essential Skills Development Needs of High School Students in Southern Thailand for Work in the 21st Century Labour Market
Authors: Janyam K. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionPresently, the concept of preparing youth for the labor market in the 21st century receives much attention because of the rapidly changing nature of work and the soft skills and hard skills required by employers. Therefore, graduates need to be competent at work skills necessary for the 21st century to be able to face challenges of work in the present age and to have new perspectives for facing challenges and changes of work. According to the Federation of Thai Industries, the estimated number of workers needed by 14 groups of manufacturing industries during 2013-2017 included 58 percent of high school graduates.ObjectivesThe current study aims to survey and assess essential skills development in high school students in Southern Thailand for the workforce in the 21st century.MethodsThe cross-sectional study was applied to 1,200 subjects consisting of 400 employers and 800 high school students. Data was analysed using means, standard deviation and t-testResultsThe results revealed that communication, digital literacy, creativity, critical thinking, collaboration, and responsibility were the major skills development needs of high school students in the 21st century labor market. The results indicated that high school students’ levels of skills were lower than those required by employers in four skills: communication, digital literacy, critical thinking, and creativity at the statistical significant level of .001, as presented in table 1.Table 1.Means different for skills development need by sample group.SkillsEmployersHigh school studentsΧS.D.χS.D.tCommunication4.08.403.17.8921.385***Digital literacy4.17.413.41.9717.120***Creativity3.97.453.01.7917.113***Critical thinking4.14.433.47.9714.776***Collaboration3.391.043.41.94-4.267***Responsibility3.391.183.611.00-3.877***P<.001ConclusionsThe high school students possess skills needs for work in the 21st century at lower levels than those needed by employers. This is the issue requiring attention from individuals involved in educational management as they must find ways to develop the teaching and learning methods that can upgrade students’ skills that are needed for work and seen by employers as highly important. These skills are communication, digital literacy, critical thinking, and creativity. The teaching and learning styles should be more active rather than passive to stimulate students to think, to be proactive instead of passively to respond to whatever happens, to propose their ideas or to express differing opinions and using the appropriate language or communicating tools. The fact that these skills are at a moderate level could result in limitations for young people’s development or employment as these skills are required for work in this century where analytical thinking and creativity are necessary for invention both in the workplace and in private life.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Presentation of Trauma Disorder in Adults with Intellectual Disability
Authors: McCarthy J. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract: BackgroundIn the 20 years since a review by McCarthy (2001) on the presentation of Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in people with intellectual disability (ID), the understanding of trauma disorder has increased.Method & FindingsDiagnostic criteria for ID will be presented to set the context. A brief summary of the key literature over the past twenty years will be discussed focusing on the presentation of PTSD in people with ID including the use of ICD-11 criteria. Evaluated tools available to assess the impact of life events and trauma for use in people with ID will be outlined including treatment options. The presentation of trauma disorder will be illustrated through a case study.ConclusionPsychiatrists need to be aware that a history of trauma may be an underlying factor in the presentation of people with ID to psychiatric services.ReferenceMcCarthy J (2001). Post-traumatic Stress Disorder in People with Learning Disability. Advances in Psychiatric Treatment; 7, pp. 163-169.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Neural Abnormalities Associated with Generalized Anxiety Disorder: A Meta-Analysis of Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Activation Studies
Authors: Kahlon S. K. , Ali Z. , Pritchard E. , Saravia S. , Baten C. , Klassen A. M. , Shepherd J. H. , Zamora G. , Jordan J. , Duran M. , Santos S. L. , Hedges D. W. , Hamilton J. P. , Sacchet M. D. , Miller C. H. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionGeneralized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a highly prevalent mental illness that is associated with clinically significant distress, functional impairment, and poor emotional regulation. Primary functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies of GAD report neural abnormalities in comparison to healthy controls. However, many of these findings in the primary literature are inconsistent, and it is unclear whether they are specific to GAD or shared transdiagnostically across related disorders.ObjectivesThis meta-analysis seeks to establish the most reliable neural abnormalities observed in individuals with GAD, as reported in the primary fMRI activation literature.MethodsWe conducted an exhaustive literature search in PubMed to identify primary studies that met our pre-specified inclusion criteria and then extracted relevant data from primary, whole-brain fMRI activation studies of GAD that reported coordinates in Talairach or MNI space. We then used multilevel kernel density analysis (MKDA) with ensemble thresholding to examine the differences between adults with GAD and healthy controls in order to identify brain regions that reached statistical significance across primary studies.ResultsPatients with GAD showed statistically significant (α=0.05–0.0001; family-wise-error-rate corrected) neural activation in various regions of the cerebral cortex and basal ganglia across a variety of experimental tasks.ConclusionsThese results inform our understanding of the neural basis of GAD and are interpreted using a frontolimbic model of anxiety as well as specific clinical symptoms of this disorder and its relation to other mood and anxiety disorders. These results also suggest possible novel targets for emerging neurostimulation therapies (e.g., transcranial magnetic stimulation) and may be used to advance our understanding of the effects of current pharmaceutical treatments and ways to improve treatment selection and symptom-targeting for patients diagnosed with GAD.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Virtual reality exposure therapy for panic disorder
Authors: Cho S.-E. , Ma H. , Kang S.-G. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionVirtual reality exposure therapy (VRET) is a treatment in a virtual environment based on the representation of a patient’s disease in virtual reality. VRET means getting used to a specific situation by intentionally facing the patient’s fearful situation based on the ‘exposure technique.’ By repeatedly exposing the patient to a fearful situation, in the end, inducing the intensity of fear to decrease without avoiding the situation. Virtual reality exposure therapy (VRET) was initially used to treat phobias, anxiety disorders, and stress. It has been proven to be an effective psychotherapy method mainly focusing on acrophobia, flight phobia, arachnophobia, social phobia, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).ObjectivesVirtual reality exposure therapy (VRET) is used to treat phobias, anxiety disorders, and stress. The virtual reality treatment system can reproduce virtual scenes with the environment modified or removed, and can familiarize patients with such environments. This study aims to verify the degree of improvement of the symptoms of panic disorder by conducting VRET that we have made considering the degree of gradual exposure to the panic disorder group and the control group.MethodsA total of 60 subjects were included in this study, including 43 patients with panic disorder and 17 control group. Subjects were systematically exposed to specific situations over five steps. We checked the heart rate, body temperature, EEG and symptoms before and after exposure using the following assessment instruments; Subjective Units of Discomfort (SUD), Anxiety Sensitivity Index (ASI), Panic Disorder Severity Scale. Repeated measures ANOVA was performed separately for presence, SUDS (distress) scores, and PDSS across time points.ResultsIn the patient group, the program proved to be effective as the sensitivity to anxiety decreased significantly after the VR program (F=3.570, p<0.05). Among the subcategories of ASI, the fear of anxiety symptoms showed statistical significance between sessions (F=3.883, p<0.05) and in the interaction between group and time (F=4.585, p<0.01). The study confirmed the effectiveness of the VR program in situations that mainly induce panic attacks in patients diagnosed with panic disorder (elevator riding, driving a car, driving a car in a tunnel, driving a car in rain). The program effect was significant through repeated measurement ANOVA for each variable of EEG (Alpha, Beta, Delta, Gamma, Theta) (F=3.249, p<0.01).ConclusionsVRET is the process of gradually being exposed to fear stimuli, deliberately confronting and experiencing a fear situation, and learning that nothing dangerous will happen. Even if the patient experiences bodily sensations that are the subject of fear, they can reduce their fear of bodily sensations by repeatedly confirming that they are safe and getting used to them.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
The effect psychobiotics on anxiety symptoms
Authors: Denysov Y. , Putyatin G. , Moroz S. , Semenikhina V. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionPsychobiotics are a group of probiotics that affect the central nervous system related functions and behaviors mediated by the gut-brain-axis via immune, humoral, neural, and metabolic pathways to improve not only the gastrointestinal function but also the antidepressant and anxiolytic capacity.ObjectivesAn assessment of psychobiotic and anti-anxiety effects a probiotic supplement containing Lactobacillus Plantarum CECT7485 and Lactobacillus Brevis CECT7480 (PLANTARUM) in patients with anxiety undergoing treatment with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) antidepressants.MethodsSixty patients with mixed anxiety and depressive disorder (according to ICD-10 diagnostic criteria F41.2) were included in an 8-week open label study. Thirty participants received either SSRI antidepressants with PLANTARUM at a dose of 1.0 × 109 CFU once per day and thirty patients received SSRI antidepressants only. The severity of anxiety symptoms was assessed using Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A) and General Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7).ResultsAfter 8 weeks intervention, a significant reduction of HAM-A total score (from 37,8±5,3 to 23,6±4,4) was detected in patients with anxiety who prescribed SSRI antidepressants and PLANTARUM (p˂0,05), compared with participants who didn’t receive probiotics (p>0,05). Also, a significant reduction of GAD-7 total score (from 21,7±3,3 to 12,5±2,4) was detected in patients with anxiety symptoms who received SSRI antidepressants and PLANTARUM (p˂0,01), compared with patients who didn’t intake probiotics (p>0,05).ConclusionsThe present data illustrated that probiotic supplement PLANTARUM is a feasible for adjunctive to SSRI antidepressants intervention for anxiety treatment.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Effects of probiotic supplement Lactobacillus Plantarum CECT7485 and Lactobacillus Brevis CECT7480 on sleep quality in patients with anxiety and depression comorbidity
Authors: Denysov Y. , Putyatin G. , Moroz S. , Semenikhina V. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionRecent studies have supported that Lactobacillus plantarum can reduce the severity of anxiety and depression. However, previous studies did not focus on the sleep quality. This study determines whether Lactobacillus Plantarum CECT7485 and Lactobacillus Brevis CECT7480 reduce the severity of insomnia, and improves sleep quality in patients who comorbidity of depression and anxiety disorders.ObjectivesAn assessment of insomniac effects a probiotic supplement containing Lactobacillus Plantarum CECT7485 and Lactobacillus Brevis CECT7480 (PLANTARUM) in patients with anxiety and depression comorbidity undergoing treatment with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) antidepressants.MethodsSixty patients with mixed anxiety and depressive disorder (according to ICD-10 diagnostic criteria F41.2) were included in an 8-week open label study. Thirty participants received either SSRI antidepressants with PLANTARUM at a dose of 1.0 × 109 CFU once per day and thirty patients received SSRI antidepressants only. The severity of insomnia was assessed using Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). The severity of depressive symptoms was rated using Hamilton Depressive Rating Scale (HDRS). The severity of anxiety symptoms was assessed using Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A) and General Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7).ResultsAfter 8 weeks intervention, a significant reduction of ISI total score (from 22,1±2,8 to 14,1±2,1) was detected in patients with anxiety and depression who prescribed SSRI antidepressants and PLANTARUM (p˂0,05), compared with participants who didn’t receive probiotics (p>0,05). Also, we detected a significant improve sleep quality of insomniac patients with comorbidity of anxiety and depressive symptoms (p˂0,05) who received SSRI antidepressants and probiotic supplement Lactobacillus Plantarum CECT7485/Lactobacillus Brevis CECT7480.ConclusionsThe present data illustrated that probiotic supplement Lactobacillus Plantarum CECT7485 and Lactobacillus Brevis CECT7480 is a feasible for adjunctive to SSRI antidepressants intervention for insomniac patients with anxiety and depressive comorbidityDisclosure of InterestNone Declared