bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aryl-isoquinoline as a Potential Scaffold for Novel Antitumor Agents
against Glioblastoma Cells
Authors: Fernandes Thais Batista , Yang Rosania , Ferreira Glaucio Monteiro , de Souza Priscila Oliveira , Lopes Vitor Galvão , Junqueira Toledo Mônica Franco Zannini , Gonçalves Roliano Gabriela , Debom Gabriela Nogueira , Vassiliades Sandra Valeria , Hassimotto Neuza Mariko  Aymoto , Hirata Mario Hiroyuki , Braganhol Elizandra , Parise-Filho Roberto 
Published: January 2023

Background:
Glioblastoma is one of the most aggressive types of tumors, which occurs in the
central nervous system, and has a high fatality rate. Among the cellular changes observed in glioblastoma
is the overexpression of certain anti-apoptotic proteins, such as Bcl-xL. Recently, the alkaloid sanguinarine
(SAN) was identified as a potent inhibitor of this class of proteins.

Objective:
In this work, the antitumor activity of ten aryl-isoquinolines that were synthesized based on
molecular simplification of SAN was investigated.

Methods:
The SAN derivatives were prepared by Suzuki reaction and bimolecular nucleophilic substitution.
The compounds were tested against glioblastoma (U87MG) and melanoma (A375) tumor lines in the
MTT and SRB assay. The cell death mechanism was evaluated by flow cytometry. The molecular modeling
study was used to evaluate the interactions between the prepared compounds and the Bcl-xL protein.

Results:
Analogues presented IC50 values against glioblastoma lower than temozolomide. Evaluation
against astrocytes and fibroblasts indicated that the analogues were significantly superior to SAN regarding
selectivity. The most active compound, 2e, induced phosphatidylserine externalization and mitochondrial
membrane depolarization, indicating apoptotic death by the intrinsic pathway. In addition, 2e provides
cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase. Molecular dynamics suggested that 2e interacts with Bcl-xL
mainly by hydrophobic interactions.

Conclusion:
In our study, aryl-isoquinoline represents a relevant scaffold to be explored by medicinal
chemists to develop potential anti-glioblastoma agents.
A Review: Research Progress on Photoelectric Catalytic Water Splitting of
α-Fe2O3
Authors: Huang Wei , Zhang Dongliang , Wang Mitang 
Published: January 2023

Abstract:
Photoelectric catalytic water splitting for hydrogen production is considered a promising
method for hydrogen production, which can convert clean and renewable solar energy into
sustainable and pollution-free hydrogen energy. An in-depth understanding of the relationship
between the properties and functions of photocatalytic materials can help design and prepare
efficient photodegradable water systems. Among them, α-Fe2O3 has a suitable band gap, can
absorb visible light below 600 nm, and has the advantages of abundant raw materials high stability,
and has become one of the most promising photoelectrode materials. However, as a photoelectrode
material, α-Fe2O3 has the shortcomings of short photogenerated hole diffusion distance,
low oxidation kinetics, poor conductivity, ease to be corroding, and so on, resulting in a very low
photoelectric conversion efficiency, which limits its application in the field of photoelectric catalysis.
This paper reviews the research progress of α-Fe2O3 as a photoanode. Firstly, the principle
of photoelectric catalytic water splitting for hydrogen production and the main preparation
methods of α-Fe2O3 photoanode is described; Secondly, the research work on modification of α-
Fe2O3 photoanode by morphology control, element doping, construction of the heterojunction,
surface modification and thermal excitation assisted effect in recent years is introduced. The
photochemical performance of α-Fe2O3 photoanode is enhanced by improving the photocurrent
density and the transfer of photo-generated carriers.
Plasma Levels of MMPs and TIMP-1 in Patients with Osteoarthritis After
Recovery from COVID-19
Authors: Falalyeyeva Tetyana , Tuharov Yuriy , Krenytska Daryna , Halenova Tetiana , Kot Larysa , Raksha Nataliia , Savchuk Olexii , Prysiazhniuk Larisa , Matkivska Ruzhena , Ostapchenko Liudmyla 
Published: January 2023

Background:
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their tissue inhibitors (TIMPS)
play a key role in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA). Recent research showed the
involvement of some MMPs in COVID-19, but the results are limited and contradictory.

Objective:
In this study, we investigated the levels of MMPs (MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-8,
MMP-9, MMP-10) and TIMP-1 in the plasma of patients with OA after recovery from COVID-
19.

Methods:
The experiment involved patients aged 39 to 80 diagnosed with knee OA. All study
participants were divided into three research groups: the control group included healthy
individuals, the group OA included patients with enrolled cases of OA, and the third group of OA
and COVID-19 included patients with OA who recovered from COVID-19 6-9 months ago. The
levels of MMPs and TIMP-1 were measured in plasma by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Results:
The study showed a change in the levels of MMPs in patients with OA who had COVID-
19 and those who did not have a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Particularly, patients with OA
who were infected with coronavirus established an increase in MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-8, and
MMP-9, compared to healthy controls. Compared to normal subjects, a significant decrease in
MMP-10 and TIMP-1 was established in both groups of patients with OA and convalescent
COVID-19.

Conclusion:
Thus, the results suggest that COVID-19 can affect the proteolysis-antiproteolysis
system even after a long postinfectious state and may cause complications of existing
musculoskeletal pathologies.
Bakuchiol: A Potential Anticancer Compound from Psoralea corylifolia Linn
Authors: Chopra Bhawna , Dhingra Ashwani Kumar , Grewal Ajmer Singh , Jain Akash , Chaudhary Jasmine , Grover Parul 
Published: January 2023

Background:Bakuchiol is a monoterpene phenol isolated from the seeds of Psoralea corylifolia Linn. It is used traditionally in Indian and Chinese medicine and has been reported to possess extensive pharmacological potential against a variety of ailments. A recent study enumerates the anticancer potential of bakuchiol.Objective:The objective of the present review study is to explore the anticancer potential of bakuchiol which provides insight into the design and develop novel molecular entities against various disorders.Methods:Current prose and patents emphasizing the anticancer potential of bakuchiol have been identified and reviewed with particular emphasis on their scientific impact and novelty. An extensive literature survey was performed and compiled via the search engine, PubMed, Science Direct, and from many reputed foundations.Results:The study's findings suggested and verified the anticancer potential that Psoralea and bakuchiol against a variety of cancer. Both Psoralea and bakuchiol also portrayed synergistic or potentiating effects when given in combination with other anticancer drugs or natural compounds.Conclusion:Altogether, the promising anticancer potential of bakuchiol may open new probes for therapeutic invention in various types of tumors. Thus, the present review gives the erudition of bakuchiol and Psoralea as anticancer which paves the way for further work in exploring their potential.
Comparison of Toxoplasmosis in Narcotic Drug-addicted and Healthy Persons
in the Southwest of Iran; A Case-control Study
Authors: Fasihi-Karami Maryam , Sayyah Mehdi , Kazemi Forough , Arjmand Reza 
Published: January 2023

Introduction:
Toxoplasmosis and narcotic drug addiction are endemic in various regions
of Iran. These drugs can provide situations for infections by disrupting the immune system. The current
case-control study was designed to determine the prevalence of toxoplasmosis in narcotic drugaddicted
persons in comparison with healthy subjects using serology and molecular techniques in the
southwest of Iran.

Methods:
A total of 201 subjects (including 101 individuals with drug addiction and 100 control participants)
were randomly selected. Chronic and acute toxoplasmosis was detected using the enzymelinked
immunosorbent assay (ELISA) IgG avidity. T. gondii immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin
M (IgM) were also determined by the ELISA. Moreover, the presence of T. gondii in blood
samples was diagnosed using the nested-polymerase chain reaction (Nested-PCR).

Results:
For T. gondii IgG, 17 (17.0%) of 100 and 39 (38.6%) of 101 cases were diagnosed in the control
participants and drug-addicted people, respectively [P=0.001, OR=3.071, CI= (1.591-5.929)].
Moreover, 16 (15.8) and 5 (5.0%) cases were positive for the B1 gene in the drug-addicted patients
and controls by the nested-PCR technique, respectively [P=0.019, OR=3.576, CI= (1.257-10.179)].
However, no significant differences were found between the opium (n=64) and crystal methamphetamine
(n=37) groups in terms of T. gondii IgG and IgM antibodies and the presence of the parasite in
the blood (P>0.05).

Conclusion:
The present results demonstrated that the outbreak of the infection was more frequent in
narcotic drug-addicted persons than the controls using serology and molecular techniques.
Antihyperglycemic Effect of Rhamnus alaternus L. Aqueous Extract in
Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats
Authors: Eddouks Mohamed , Amtaghri Smail , Farid Omar , Lahrach Nadia , Slaoui Miloudia 
Published: January 2023

aims:
The goal of this study was to evaluate the antidiabetic effect of Rhamnus alaternus aqueous extract in streptozotocin(STZ)-induced diabetic rats.

background:
Traditionally, the aerial parts of Rhamnus alaternus L. have been widely used, in Mediterranean countries, including Morocco, for the cure of diabetes.

objective:
This work aimed to evaluate the antihyperglycemic effect of Rhamnus alaternus aqueous extract (RAAE) in normal and diabetic rats. Then the phytochemical composition, antioxidant capacity and the potential toxicity of RAAE were also assessed.

method:
The effects of the acute (6 h) and sub-chronic (7 days) oral administration of RAAE (20 mg/kg) on blood glucose levels and lipid profiles were evaluated in normal and diabetic rats. Besides, a preliminary phytochemical screening, quantification of phenolic, flavonoid and tannins contents as well as the antioxidant activity, using the DPPH method, were evaluated. Additionally, the toxicity of the aqueous extract (5 mg/kg) was also studied and the LD50 value was determined.

result:
RAAE (20 mg/kg) over 7 days of oral administration decreased significantly the blood glucose levels both in normal and diabetic rats. In diabetic rats, this extract was also able to improve oral glucose tolerance. In addition, RAAE possessed a significant antioxidant activity. According to preliminary phytochemical research, RAAE contains several chemical compounds, including alkaloids, polyphenols, flavonoids, cyanidins, anthraquinones and sterols. On the other hand, the quantitative phytochemical study of the aqueous extract revealed a considerable amount of total phenolic compounds (497.93±3.38 mg GAE/1 g of RAAE), flavonoids (100.42 ± 0.32 mg RE/ g of RAAE), and tannins (14.32 ± 0.37 mg CE/1g of RAAE).

conclusion:
We conclude that RAAE exerts a significant antihyperglycemic effect in STZ-induced diabetic rats at a low dose used. Indeed, more research is still required to support the use of this plant in the Moroccan population''s diabetes care.

other:
Not applicable
The Novel Role of the B-Cell Lymphoma/Leukemia 11A (BCL11A) Gene
in β-Thalassaemia Treatment
Authors: Lai Mei I , Mahmoud Ahmed Nahil Hassan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract:
β-thalassaemia is a genetic disorder resulting in a reduction or absence of β-globin gene
expression. Due to the high prevalence of β-thalassaemia and the lack of available treatment other
than blood transfusion and haematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation, the disease represents a
considerable burden to clinical and economic systems. Foetal haemoglobin has an appreciated ameliorating effect in β-haemoglobinopathy, as the γ-globin chain substitutes the β-globin chain reduction by pairing with the excess α-globin chain in β-thalassaemia and reduces sickling in sickle cell
disease (SCD). BCL11A is a critical regulator and repressor of foetal haemoglobin. Downregulation of BCL11A in adult erythroblasts and cell lines expressing adult haemoglobin led to a
significant increase in foetal haemoglobin levels. Disruption of BCL11A erythroid enhancer resulted
in disruption of the BCL11A gene solely in the erythroid lineages and increased γ-globin expression
in adult erythroid cells. Autologous haematopoietic stem cell gene therapy represents an attractive
treatment option to overcome the immune complications and donor availability associated with allogeneic transplantation. Using genome editing technologies, the disruption of BCL11A to induce γglobin expression in HSCs has emerged as an alternative approach to treat β-thalassaemia. Targeting
the +58 BCL11A erythroid enhancer or BCL11A binding motif at the γ -gene promoter with
CRISPR-Cas9 or base editors has successfully disrupted the gene and the binding motif with a subsequent increment in HbF levels. This review outlines the critical role of BCL11A in γ-globin gene
silencing and discusses the different genome editing approaches to downregulate BCL11A as a
means for ameliorating β-thalassaemia.
Quantitative Assessment of High School Students’ Poly-drug Use: Related
Social Aspects and School Dropout
Authors: Rossi Carla , Fabi Francesco , Colasante Emanuela , Molinaro Sabrina , Scalia Tomba Gianpaolo 
Published: January 2023

Introduction:
Poly-drug use has increased in recent decades, especially in young drugusing
groups. Classic epidemiological indicators of drug use, such as prevalence and incidence of
users of specific substances, are not adequate as measures of the possible harms of poly-drug use.
We applied poly-drug use indicators, based on substance-specific harm scores reported by van
Amsterdam and Nutt in 2015, to data from high school student surveys, showing their usefulness
in identifying high-risk drug consumption. Analysing the ‘correlation’ between high-risk drug use
of high school students and school dropout allows the evaluation of adopted prevention policies
and may suggest more suitable approaches.

Methods:
Each drug user is characterized by two specific scores: overall frequency of use of substances
during the period of interest (FUS) and poly-drug use score (PDS). The poly-drug use
score is a weighted average of the harm scores of the individual substances used multiplied by
their respective frequencies of use. The PDS increases with the frequency of use, with the number
of substances used, and with the specific harm scores of each substance. This indicator consists of
two components, one representing the health harm score toward self and the other the social harm
score toward others.

Results:
The indicators have been applied to sample data involving youth population, specifically
the ESPAD®Italia survey data on high school students conducted annually in Italy. The trends of
poly-drug use at different ages of students, 15-19 years, over time, and gender have been studied.
The results have been linked to educational outcomes, early school leaving and social aspects,
making it possible to assess present prevention interventions and suggest appropriate planning of
future prevention interventions.

Conclusion:
Poly-drug use indicators allow a comprehensive quantitative evaluation of the risks
of drug use. The analysis of the links between heavy use of drugs, school performance and dropout,
and the social variables that influence them, shown in this work, suggests how best to plan
secondary or indicated prevention interventions at school. The problem of including "new" NPS
in analyses is also briefly discussed.
Plant-derived Gums and Mucilages: A Food for Thought for
Researchers to Develop Pharmaceuticals
Authors: Bansal Keshav , Raghuvanshi Venu , Bajpai Meenakshi 
Published: January 2023

Abstract:
Humans have been using plant-derived gums for a variety of purposes since the beginning
of time. Gums and mucilages are common natural materials utilised in both traditional
and innovative dosage forms. Natural polymers are found to be very effective after incorporation
in novel dosage forms to fulfill specific roles, resulting in improvements in drug delivery by increasing
the drug expulsion rate and absorption. Natural medicines and excipients are becoming
increasingly popular worldwide because of their inert nature, less toxicity, cheap and biologically
degradable, and ease of availability. Many patents like WO/2018/199924A1 and
WO/2004/094443A1 have been published on the uses of gums and mucilages in pharmaceuticals.
The plant-derived polymeric compounds (gums and mucilages) are discussed in this study,
along with their application and reported research and patents on their utilization in innovative
drug delivery methods.
Caracterización morfométrica de abejas y zánganos (Hymenoptera: Apidae) en una nueva zona de congregación en Boyacá, Colombia
Authors: Salamanca Grosso Guillermo , Osorio Tangarife Mónica P. , Aroca Narváez Maria J. 
Published: January 2023

The reproduction process of Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae) occurs in defined congregation areas where natural mating occurs and males and unfertilized queen bees from different colonies converge. This work focused on the identification and characterization of a congregation drone zone in a biogeographic region of the low montane dry forest corridor, in the upper Andean valley of Sugamuxi-Tundama, for the density of bee colonies established there, considering the climatic factors of the environment and the description of biometric characters of bees and drones collected, and which constitutes the first report of a congregation zone for Colombia. In the study area, dry summer periods predominate alternating with short winter, cloudy days, and intense cold, with thermal sensations between 8 to 19°C. The drone movement route was established with an unmanned flight vehicle, through the interaction between the vehicle and bee specimens. The path of movement of drones was established operated between 10 and 60 m in North-South direction. Specimens of worker bees were collected identifying African, European, or Eastern European lines and drones of two types, yellow and black, evaluating biometric parameters and estimating the discriminant factor. The activity of the drones, occurs in two periods of 10:00 to 12:00 hours and 15:00 to 17:00 hours, flying regularly between round trips up to a 1 km radius. This work describes a methodology for monitoring congregation areas and consolidates itself as a tool for beekeepers for the conservation of regional ecotypes through bee reproductive planning.
Design, Develop, and Pilot-Test a Digital Platform to Enhance Student Well-Being: Protocol for a Mixed-Methods Study
Authors: Joshi Ashish , Kaur Kamalpreet , Bhatt Ashruti , Surapaneni Krishna Mohan , Grover Ashoo , Pandya Apurva Kumar 
Published: January 2023

Background
Well-being is a multidimensional concept and has been extended to many areas. Student well-being has garnered attention over the last decade due to concerns that have been raised. Digital health interventions have the potential to enhance and improve student well-being.

Objective
The objective of the study is to design, develop, and pilot-test a digital health platform to enhance student well-being.

Methods
A sample size of 5000 participants will be recruited across Gujarat and Tamil Nadu, India. Students will be enrolled from Parul University in Vadodara, Gujarat, as well as Panimalar Medical College Hospital and Research Institute, Panimalar Engineering College, Panimalar Institute of Technology, and Panimalar College of Nursing in Chennai, Tamil Nadu. Current undergraduate and graduate students consenting to participate will be recruited using convenience sampling from these institutes. The study will collect baseline data to construct the student well-being index. Based on the risk profile, a random subset of the population will be provided access to the digital health intervention, which will deliver tailored interactive messages addressing the various dimensions of well-being among undergraduate and graduate students. The eligible study participants will be aged 18 years and older, enrolled in these institutes, and willing to give their consent to participate in the study.

Results
The proposed research is an unfunded study. The enrollment of the individuals in the study began in October 2022. Data gathered will be analyzed using SAS (version 9.3; SAS Institute) and results will be reported as 95% CIs and P values.

Conclusions
The proposed study will help to determine the factors affecting well-being among college students and help in designing digital health interventions to improve the well-being of undergraduate and graduate students.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
PRR1-10.2196/39779
Calibrating a Transformer-Based Model’s Confidence on Community-Engaged Research Studies: Decision Support Evaluation Study
Authors: Ferrell Brian , Raskin Sarah E , Zimmerman Emily B 
Published: January 2023

Background
Deep learning offers great benefits in classification tasks such as medical imaging diagnostics or stock trading, especially when compared with human-level performances, and can be a viable option for classifying distinct levels within community-engaged research (CEnR). CEnR is a collaborative approach between academics and community partners with the aim of conducting research that is relevant to community needs while incorporating diverse forms of expertise. In the field of deep learning and artificial intelligence (AI), training multiple models to obtain the highest validation accuracy is common practice; however, it can overfit toward that specific data set and not generalize well to a real-world population, which creates issues of bias and potentially dangerous algorithmic decisions. Consequently, if we plan on automating human decision-making, there is a need for creating techniques and exhaustive evaluative processes for these powerful unexplainable models to ensure that we do not incorporate and blindly trust poor AI models to make real-world decisions.

Objective
We aimed to conduct an evaluation study to see whether our most accurate transformer-based models derived from previous studies could emulate our own classification spectrum for tracking CEnR studies as well as whether the use of calibrated confidence scores was meaningful.

Methods
We compared the results from 3 domain experts, who classified a sample of 45 studies derived from our university’s institutional review board database, with those from 3 previously trained transformer-based models, as well as investigated whether calibrated confidence scores can be a viable technique for using AI in a support role for complex decision-making systems.

Results
Our findings reveal that certain models exhibit an overestimation of their performance through high confidence scores, despite not achieving the highest validation accuracy.

Conclusions
Future studies should be conducted with larger sample sizes to generalize the results more effectively. Although our study addresses the concerns of bias and overfitting in deep learning models, there is a need to further explore methods that allow domain experts to trust our models more. The use of a calibrated confidence score can be a misleading metric when determining our AI model’s level of competency.