bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Influences of Local Language to Students in Learning English
Authors: Soma Robi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIt is universally believed that learning a foreign language has its own difficulties. This paper discusses some problems which are faced by English as a Foreign Language students in learning English. Those problems can come from the students themselves and it can also come from their environment that have strong influence their success in learning a foreign language, in this case English. Moreover, how studentsâ€™ local language influence them in learning English and how to overcome such an obstruction are also discussed here.Keyword : local languages, English, and foreign language learningÂ AbstrakSecara universal diyakini bahwa mempelajari bahasa asing memiliki kesulitan tersendiri. Makalah ini membahas beberapa masalah yang dihadapi oleh Inggris sebagai siswa Bahasa Asing dalam belajar bahasa Inggris. Masalah-masalah itu bisa berasal dari para siswa itu sendiri dan itu juga bisa berasal dari lingkungan mereka yang memiliki pengaruh kuat terhadap keberhasilan mereka dalam mempelajari bahasa asing, dalam hal ini bahasa Inggris. Selain itu, bagaimana bahasa lokal siswa mempengaruhi mereka dalam belajar bahasa Inggris dan cara mengatasi hambatan semacam itu juga dibahas di sini.Kata kunci : bahasa lokal, bahasa Inggris, dan pembelajaran bahasa asing
Critical Thinking In Elt: How Cooperative Learning Affects The Efl Learnersâ€™ Critical Thinking Aspects
Authors: Iman Jaya Nur , Angraini Nike 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis research attempted to see whether the cooperative leaning was impactful on EFL learnersâ€™ critical thinking aspects. Non-equivalent pretest and posttest control group design of comparison group design was used in this research. The population of the research was all of the undergraduate students of University of Indo Global Mandiri. Forty students were selected as the sample purposively in the experimental group (treatment group) and control group (non-treatment group), respectively. A critical thinking rubric was employed to measure the EFL learnersâ€™ critical thinking(aspects) and critical thinking aspects(total). The research findings revealed that (1) there was a significant improvement on the EFL learnersâ€™ critical thinking(aspects) and critical thinking (total), (2) There was a significant mean difference on the EFL learnersâ€™ critical thinking(aspects) and critical thinking aspects(total), (3) there was a significant contribution of the critical thinking skill (aspects) and critical thinking aspects(total) in which the aspects of framing personal responses and acknowledging other perspectives had the lowest contribution and the aspects of recoqnizing stakeholders and context had the highest contribution. In conclusion statistically the cooperative learning was significantly impactful on the EFL learnersâ€™ critical thinking aspects in English language teaching.Keywords: Cooperative learning, critical thinking aspectsAbstrakÂ Penelitian ini berusaha untuk melihat apakah pembelajaran kooperatif berdampak pada aspek berpikir kritis peserta didik EFL. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian non-equivalent pretest and posttest control group design of comparison group design. Populasi dari penelitian ini adalah semua mahasiswa sarjana dari Universitas Indo Global Mandiri. Empat puluh siswa dipilih sebagai sampel secara purposif dalam kelompok eksperimen (kelompok perlakuan) dan kelompok kontrol (kelompok non-perlakuan). Rubrik berpikir kritis digunakan untuk mengukur pemikiran kritis (aspek) pembelajar EFL dan aspek berpikir kritis (total). Temuan penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa (1) ada peningkatan yang signifikan pada pemikiran kritis (aspek) peserta didik EFL danÂ pemikiran kritis (total), (2) Ada perbedaan rata-rata yang signifikan pada pemikiran kritis peserta didik EFL (aspek) dan aspek berpikir kritis (total), (3) ada kontribusi signifikan dari keterampilan berpikir kritis (aspek) dan aspek berpikir kritis (total) di mana aspek membingkai tanggapan pribadi dan mengakui perspektif lain memiliki kontribusi terendah dan aspek dari para pemangku kepentingan dan konteks yang memiliki kontribusi tertinggi. Kesimpulannya secara statistik pembelajaran kooperatif berdampak signifikan pada aspek berpikir kritis peserta didik EFL dalam pengajaran bahasa Inggris.Kata kunci: pembelajaran kooperatif, aspek berpikir kritis
Significant Roles of Childrenâ€™s Literature In Efl
Authors: Novasyari Ressy 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACTThis article describes about the concept of childrenâ€™s literature, the genre and the role of childrenâ€™s literature in teaching English as a foreign language. In Indonesia, English as a foreign language because Indonesian use Bahasa Indonesia for communication.Childrenâ€™s literature is a kind of literary texts such as picture story books, fable, novel, short stories etc in order to make students interested in reading especially for English as a foreign language. Sometimes they feel bored and lazy to learn English because they thinkÂ that it is aÂ difficult subject therefore, English teacher in Indonesia usually teaches the students with language combination between Indonesia and English in teaching and learningÂ pocess in order to make their students understand what they learn. Not only that, teachers always use textbook as material in teaching and learning process without introducingÂ new material like literature text and usually the use of teacher-centered strategy in classroom without involving students. OneÂ solutionÂ for solving this problem is introducing literature in teaching and learning process. Motivating students to learn English Literature is one of the best approach for teacher in teaching of English language skills (reading, writing, speaking and listening) because it can make students enhance their knowledge from story that they read in literary text.Keywords : Childrensâ€™ literature, genre and role of childrenâ€™s literatureABSTRAKArtikel ini akan menjelaskan tentang konsep sastra anak-anak, macam-macam dan peran sastra terhadap anak-anak dalam mengajar bahasa Inggris sebagai bahasa asing.Di Indonesia, Bahasa Inggris sebagai bahasa asing karena orang Indonesia menggunakan bahasa Indonesia untuk berkomunikasi.Sastra anak-anak adalah jenis teks sastra seperti buku cerita bergambar, dongeng, novel, cerita pendek dll supaya siswa tertarik membaca terutama untuk bahasa Inggris sebagai bahasa asing. Terkadang mereka merasa bosan dan malas belajar bahasa Inggris karena mereka pikir itu adalah pelajaran yang sulit oleh karena itu guru pelajaran bahasa Inggris di Indonesia biasanya mengajar siswa dengan menggunakan bahasa campuran antara bahasa Indonesia dan bahsa Inggris di proses belajar mengajar supaya siswa mengerti apa yang mereka pelajari. Tidak hanya itu, guru selalu menggunakan buku paket sebagai bahan ajar di proses belajar mengajar tanpa mengenalkan bahan ajar baru seperti teks sastra dan biasanya menggunakan strategi yang berpusat pada guru tanpa melibatkan siswa. Salah satu solusi untuk mengatasi masalah ini adalah memperkenalkan sastra dalam proses belajar mengajar. Memotivasi siswa untuk belajar Sastra Inggris adalah salah satu pendekatan terbaik untuk guru dalam mengajar keterampilan bahasa Inggris (membaca, menulis, berbicara dan mendengarkan) karena itu dapat membuat siswa meningkatkan pengetahuan mereka dari cerita yang mereka baca dalam teks sastra.Kata kunci : Sastra Anak- anak, macam sastra dan peran sastra anak- anak
Awareness About Mathematical Patterns in MI Muhammadiyah 3 Jogoroto Jombang Students
Authors: Suryowati Eny , Rozak Abd , Rizkiyati Eka Agustina 
Published: June 2023

Awareness of patterns in this study is closely related to generalization. This awareness is the condition of someone who can know there is an order in the pattern, can mention the structure of the given pattern and can determine the next pattern. One of the basic skills in learning mathematics is generalization. This research is a descriptive quantitative research that aims to describe awareness of mathematical patterns in grades 4, 5 and 6 of MI Muhammadiyah 3 Jogoroto Jombang. The sample of this research was 89 students in grades 4, 5 and 6 of MI Muhammadiyah 3 Jogoroto Jombang. All students were given questions about number patterns and figure patterns and then conducted interviews. The results showed that students' awareness of number patterns was 80,65% for 4th grade , 95,83% for 5th grade and 97,06% for 6th grade . Meanwhile, students' awareness of figure patterns was 87,09% for 4th grade, 95,83% for 5th grade and 100% for 6th grade. Based on the results of this study, it can be seen that students in grades 4, 5 and 6 of MI Muhammadiyah 3 Jogoroto Jombang are already able to recognize pattern regularity, can mention the pattern structure and can determine the next pattern, which is limited in number. Students have not been able to determine the number of elements (structures) in the n-th pattern.
Which Component of Solar Magnetic Field Drives the Evolution of Interplanetary Magnetic Field over the Solar Cycle?
Authors: Yoshida Minami , Shimizu Toshifumi , Toriumi Shin 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The solar magnetic structure changes over the solar cycle. It has a dipole structure during solar minimum, where the open flux extends mainly from the polar regions into the interplanetary space. During maximum, a complex structure is formed with low-latitude active regions and weakened polar fields, resulting in spread open field regions. However, the components of the solar magnetic field that are responsible for long-term variations in the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) are not clear, and the IMF strength estimated based on the solar magnetic field is known to be underestimated by a factor of 3–4 against the actual in situ observations (the open flux problem). To this end, we decomposed the coronal magnetic field into the components of the spherical harmonic function of degree and order (ℓ, m) using the potential field source surface model with synoptic maps from SDO/HMI for 2010–2021. As a result, we found that the IMF rapidly increased in 2014 December (7 months after the solar maximum), which coincided with the increase in the equatorial dipole, (ℓ, m) = (1, ±1), corresponding to the diffusion of active regions toward the poles and in the longitudinal direction. The IMF gradually decreased until 2019 December (solar minimum) and its variation corresponded to that of the nondipole component ℓ ≥ 2. Our results suggest that the understanding of the open flux problem may be improved by focusing on the equatorial dipole and the nondipole component and that the influence of the polar magnetic field is less significant.
The Evolution of the 1/f Range within a Single Fast-solar-wind Stream between 17.4 and 45.7 Solar Radii
Authors: Davis Nooshin , Chandran B. D. G. , Bowen T. A. , Badman S. T. , de Wit T. Dudok , Chen C. H. K. , Bale S. D. , Huang Zesen , Sioulas Nikos , Velli Marco 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The power spectrum of magnetic field fluctuations in the fast solar wind (V
SW > 500 km s−1) at magnetohydrodynamic scales is characterized by two different power laws on either side of a break frequency f
b. The low-frequency range at frequencies f smaller than f
b is often viewed as the energy reservoir that feeds the turbulent cascade at f > f
b. At heliocentric distances r exceeding 60 solar radii (R
s), the power spectrum often has a 1/f scaling at f < f
b, i.e., the spectral index is close to −1. In this study, measurements from the Parker Solar Probe's Encounter 10 with the Sun are used to investigate the evolution of the magnetic field power spectrum at f < f
b at r < 60 R
s during a fast radial scan of a single fast-solar-wind stream. We find that the spectral index in the low-frequency part of the spectrum decreases from approximately −0.61 to −0.94 as r increases from 17.4 to 45.7 R
s. Our results suggest that the 1/f spectrum that is often seen at large r in the fast solar wind is not produced at the Sun, but instead develops dynamically as the wind expands outward from the corona into the interplanetary medium.
VERITAS Discovery of Very High Energy Gamma-Ray Emission from S3 1227+25 and Multiwavelength Observations
Authors: Acharyya A. , Adams C. B. , Archer A. , Bangale P. , Benbow W. , Brill A. , Christiansen J. L. , Chromey A. J. , Errando M. , Falcone A. , Feng Q. , Finley J. P. , Foote G. M. , Fortson L. , Furniss A. , Gallagher G. , Hanlon W. , Hanna D. , Hervet O. , Hinrichs C. E. , Hoang J. , Holder J. , Jin W. , Johnson M. N. , Kaaret P. , Kertzman M. , Kieda D. , Kleiner T. K. , Korzoun N. , Krennrich F. , Lang M. J. , Lundy M. , Maier G. , McGrath C. E , Millard M. J. , Millis J. , Mooney C. L. , Moriarty P. , Mukherjee R. , O’Brien S. , Ong R. A. , Pohl M. , Pueschel E. , Quinn J. , Ragan K. , Reynolds P. T. , Ribeiro D. , Roache E. , Sadeh I. , Sadun A. C. , Saha L. , Santander M. , Sembroski G. H. , Shang R. , Splettstoesser M. , Talluri A. K. , Tucci J. V. , Vassiliev V. V. , Williams D. A. , Wong S. L. ,   The VERITAS Collaboration, Hovatta Talvikki , Jorstad Svetlana G. , Kiehlmann Sebastian , Lähteenmäki Anne , Liodakis Ioannis , Marscher Alan P. , Max-Moerbeck Walter , Readhead Anthony C. S. , Reeves Rodrigo , Smith Paul S. , Tornikoski Merja 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
We report the detection of very high energy gamma-ray emission from the blazar S3 1227+25 (VER J1230+253) with the Very Energetic Radiation Imaging Telescope Array System (VERITAS). VERITAS observations of the source were triggered by the detection of a hard-spectrum GeV flare on 2015 May 15 with the Fermi-Large Area Telescope (LAT). A combined 5 hr VERITAS exposure on May 16 and 18 resulted in a strong 13σ detection with a differential photon spectral index, Γ = 3.8 ± 0.4, and a flux level at 9% of the Crab Nebula above 120 GeV. This also triggered target-of-opportunity observations with Swift, optical photometry, polarimetry, and radio measurements, also presented in this work, in addition to the VERITAS and Fermi-LAT data. A temporal analysis of the gamma-ray flux during this period finds evidence of a shortest variability timescale of τ
obs = 6.2 ± 0.9 hr, indicating emission from compact regions within the jet, and the combined gamma-ray spectrum shows no strong evidence of a spectral cutoff. An investigation into correlations between the multiwavelength observations found evidence of optical and gamma-ray correlations, suggesting a single-zone model of emission. Finally, the multiwavelength spectral energy distribution is well described by a simple one-zone leptonic synchrotron self-Compton radiation model.
Universal Multistream Radial Structures of Cold Dark Matter Halos
Authors: Enomoto Yohsuke , Nishimichi Takahiro , Taruya Atsushi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Virialized halos of cold dark matter generically exhibit multistream structures of accreted dark matter within an outermost radial caustic known as the splashback radius. By tracking the particle trajectories that accrete onto the halos in cosmological N-body simulations, we count their number of apocenter passages (p) and use them to characterize the multistream structure of dark matter particles. We find that the radial density profile for each stream, classified by the number of apocenter passages, exhibits universal features and can be described by a double power-law function comprising shallow inner slopes and steep outer slopes of indices of −1 and −8, respectively. Surprisingly, these properties hold over a wide range of halo masses. The double power-law feature is persistent when dividing the sample by concentration or accretion rate. The dependence of the characteristic scale and amplitude of the profile on p cannot be replicated by known self-similar solutions, requiring consideration of complexities such as the distribution of angular momentum or mergers.
Distance Duality Test: The Evolution of Radio Sources Mimics a Nonexpanding Universe
Authors: Li Pengfei 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Distance duality relation (DDR) marks a fundamental difference between expanding and nonexpanding universes, as an expanding metric causes angular diameter distance smaller than luminosity distance by an extra factor of (1 + z). Here we report a test of this relation using two independent samples of ultracompact radio sources observed at 2.29 GHz and 5.0 GHz. The test with radio sources involves only geometry, so it is independent of cosmological models. Since the observed radio luminosities systematically increase with redshift, we do not assume a constant source size. Instead, we start with assuming the intensive property, luminosity density, does not evolve with redshift and then infer its evolution from the resultant DDR. We make the same assumption for both samples, and find it results in the same angular size–redshift relation. Interestingly, the resultant DDR is fully consistent with a nonexpanding universe. Imposing the DDR predicted by the expanding universe, we infer the radio luminosity density evolves as ρ

L
∝ (1 + z)3. However, the perfect agreement with a nonexpanding universe under the assumption of constant luminosity densities poses a conspiracy and fine-tuning problem: the size and luminosity density of ultracompact radio sources evolve in the way that precisely mimics a nonexpanding universe.
Coupled modeling of neutronics and thermal-hydraulics processes in LFR under SG-leakage condition
Authors: Khomyakov Yurii S. , Rachkov Valerii I. , Shvetsov Iurii E. 
Published: June 2023

The lead cooled reactor BREST-OD-300 is developing as a part of Russian federal project “PRORYV”. Two- circuit scheme is used in the reactor for heat removal. An inherent risk of two- circuit reactor is the potential danger of water steam ingression in the core in the case of large leakage in steam generator initiated, for example, Steam Generator Tube Rupture (SGTR).
Reactor power and temperature response on vapor penetration to the core is studied, but pressurization effects are not in the purview of the paper.
The 3D multi-physics (neutronics + thermal-hydraulics) UNICO-2F code was developed for study of SGTR accident. The code calculates unsteady 3D space dependent distributions of coolant velocity, pressure and temperature, space distributions of vapor concentration and heat release density in the core and 3D temperature distributions in the fuel pins.
Guillotine rupture of one tube in Steam Generator (SG) is considered as initial event of the accident.
It is shown that even with the most conservative assumptions reactivity insertion due to vapor ingress in the core causes small increase of power in level and as a result maximum cladding temperature continue to stay well below safe operation design limit in the entire transient.
Hypothetical option of simultaneous tube rupture in few SG belonging to different loops is also analyzed. It is demonstrated that even in the case of simultaneous large leak in two SG the transient stays mild and temperature in the core after two small oscillations is stabilized at acceptable level.
In the long term the analysis confirmed the high level of reactor self-protection against SGTR accident.
Le train de nuit, un miroir de l’évolution de l’intervention de l’État français dans le transport ferroviaire de 1980 à 2022
Authors: Carrouet Guillaume , Mimeur Christophe 
Published: June 2023

Le train de nuit est un objet particulier dans le paysage ferroviaire français : un service de moyenne et longue distance opéré la nuit dont l’État est autorité organisatrice. Son histoire tourmentée ces dernières années invite à analyser les enjeux de la relance de ce service dans un contexte de décarbonisation des transports, de promotion de l’aménagement du territoire et du rôle que peut jouer la puissance publique, l’État en particulier. La méthodologie mixte associe des données qualitatives issues d’entretien semi-directifs auprès d’acteurs (État, SNCF, région, association de défense) directement liés au train de nuit. Elle intègre également des informations quantitatives (lignes et gares desservies) dans l’objectif de caractériser les phases de déclin et relance de 1980 à 2022. À la lumière des principaux résultats, l’article souligne le rôle important de l’État dans l’évolution du service du train de nuit. Au cours d’une première phase (1980-2017), celui-ci s’est très largement désintéressé de ce service, la survie du train de nuit tenant au maintien de 2 lignes, dont une grâce au concours de la région Occitanie. Dans la phase suivante, la conjonction de plusieurs facteurs (préoccupations environnementales, équité territoriale, succès de l’offre ÖBB en Europe centrale) a entraîné une relance du service sous l’égide de l’État. Toutefois, malgré la remise en service de plusieurs lignes en direction du Sud de la France, de nombreux freins existent encore (travaux de modernisation du réseau, manque de matériel) et ne sauraient cacher une intervention de l’État dont la politique d’aménagement du territoire, sur le plan des transports interurbains, est en mal de substance.
La silhouette du mémorial australien de la guerre à Canberra
Authors: Gilfedder Deirdre 
Published: June 2023

Cet article entend analyser la place que le monument national australien de la Première Guerre mondiale occupe dans la rhétorique urbaine de la capitale de l’Australie, Canberra. Le complexe commémoratif, The Australian War Memorial (AWM) a été édifié à un moment important dans l’histoire du pays et était destiné à perpétuer la mémoire des Australiens participant à la Grande Guerre. Qualifié de lieu de mémoire nationale, le mémorial est un musée et un monument aux 62 000 morts de l’Australian Imperial Force. L’article traite aussi de la tradition Anzac en Australie et son rôle dans la construction d’une notion singulière de nationalisme qui est lié à son statut de dominion au sein de l’Empire britannique. Combinant des styles architecturaux courants pendant la période entre-deux-guerres, le mémorial australien découpe une silhouette énigmatique au centre de la capitale du pays.
Au fil des générations, une érosion de la norme de l’emploi stable
Authors: Martin Henri 
Published: June 2023

Depuis les années 1990, la norme de l’emploi salarié à temps plein et à durée indéterminée a continué progressivement à s’éroder. Cela s’est traduit par une forte expansion des formes particulières d’emploi (FPE) ; notamment les contrats de courte durée (CDD ou mission intérimaire) et les emplois à temps partiel. Cet article montre, à partir des données de l’enquête Emploi de l’Insee sur la période 1990-2020, que ces transformations structurelles n’ont pas concerné de manière uniforme les différentes générations. À âge donné, les FPE sont de plus en plus fréquentes au fil des générations. Les emplois à temps partiel concernent essentiellement les femmes alors qu’une part croissante des hommes a un contrat de travail de courte durée.