bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epilepsia partialis continua and unilateral cortical–subcortical FLAIR‐hyperintense lesion in Rasmussen's encephalitis: Is it diagnostic?
Authors: Jagtap Sujit A. , Deshmukh Yogeshwari , Joshi Aniruddha , Patil Sandeep , Kurwale Nilesh , Nilegaonkar Sujit 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectiveRasmussen encephalitis (RE) is a focal encephalitis, characterized by epilepsia partialis continua (EPC) with or without seizures and progressive unilateral deficits. Imaging characteristics of RE have been rarely described in detail in relation to EPC. So, the study aimed to explore if any relationship exists between the imaging characteristics and the presence or evolution of EPC in patients with RE.MethodsThis retrospective study included 11 patients with RE fulfilling the European consensus statement on RE followed between 2015 and 2020.ResultsThe mean age for onset of seizures was 12 years (range 2.5–24 years). Seven patients had limb EPCs, two had face EPCs, face, and limb EPC in one, and lingual EPC in one patient. The first MRI was done within 1 day to 1 month of the onset of seizures. It was normal in two patients and showed only cortical atrophy, focal or hemispheric in four patients, caudate atrophy in two, and cortical or subcortical hyperintensity (HI) in six patients. Follow‐up MRI, within 3 weeks to 6 months of the onset of EPC (mean 1.6 months) showed paramedian frontal HI with limb EPC in six patients. Insular HI in four patients; two had facial EPCs while lingual EPC and limb EPC with facial EPC was observed in one patient each.SignificanceFluid‐attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) HI and focal cortical atrophy on MRI is the most common finding in the early course of RE. T2 and FLAIR hyperintensity in the paramedian frontal or insular cortex may antedate the onset of EPC or may occur simultaneously with EPC.
A registry for Dravet syndrome: The Italian experience
Authors: Balestrini Simona , Doccini Viola , Giometto Sabrina , Lucenteforte Ersilia , De Masi Salvatore , Giarola Elisa , Brambilla Isabella , Pieroni Federica , Perulli Marco , Battaglia Domenica , Specchio Nicola , Ragona Francesca , Granata Tiziana , Pellacani Simona , Ferrari Annarita , Marini Carla , Matricardi Sara , Cesaroni Elisabetta , Giordano Lucio , Accorsi Patrizia , Sciruicchio Vittorio , Tinuper Paolo , Messana Tullio , Russo Angelo , Pruna Dario , Nosadini Margherita , De Giorgis Valentina , Caputo Davide ,   Residras Collaboration Group, Pellegrin Serena , Lo Barco Tommaso , Darra Francesca , Dalla Bernardina Bernardo , Guerrini Renzo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectivesWe describe the Residras registry, dedicated to Dravet syndrome (DS) and to other phenotypes related to SCN1A mutations, as a paradigm of registry for rare and complex epilepsies. Our primary objectives are to present the tools and framework of the integrative platform, the main characteristics emerging from the patient cohort included in the registry, with emphasis on demographic, clinical outcome, and mortality.MethodsStandardized data of enrolled pediatric and adult patients were collected in 24 Italian expert centers and regularly updated at least on a yearly basis. Patients were prospectively enrolled, at registry starting, but historical retrospective data were also included.ResultsAt present, 281 individuals with DS and a confirmed SCN1A mutation are included. Most patients have data available on epilepsy (n = 263) and their overall neurological condition (n = 255), based on at least one follow‐up update. Median age at first clinical assessment was 2 years (IQR 0–9) while at last follow‐up was 11 years (IQR 5–18.5). During the 7‐year activity of the registry, five patients died resulting in a mortality rate of 1.84 per 1000‐person‐years. When analyzing clinical changes over the first 5‐year follow‐up, we observed a significant difference in cognitive function (P < 0.001), an increased prevalence of behavioral disorders including attention deficit (P < 0.001), a significant worsening of language (P = 0.001), and intellectual disability (P < 0.001).SignificanceThe Residras registry represents a large collection of standardized national data for the DS population. The registry platform relies on a shareable and interoperable framework, which promotes multicenter high‐quality data collection. In the future, such integrated platform may represent an invaluable asset for easing access to cohorts of patients that may benefit from clinical trials with emerging novel therapies, for drug safety monitoring, and for delineating natural history. Its framework makes it improvable based on growing experience with its use and easily adaptable to other rare and complex epilepsy syndromes.
Interictal aggression in rats with chronic seizures after an early life episode of status epilepticus
Authors: Suchomelova Lucie , Thompson Kerry W. , Baldwin Roger A. , Niquet Jerome , Wasterlain Claude G. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectiveIn spite of anecdotal reports describing an association between chronic epilepsy and interictal aggressiveness, and of a few studies suggesting that such an association is common in temporal lobe epilepsy, this concept has not been generally accepted by epileptologists. In the course of studies of the long‐term consequences of limbic status epilepticus (SE) in juvenile rats, we noticed that experimental animals, unlike littermate controls, could not be housed together because of severe fighting. We now report a study of interictal aggression in those rats.MethodsLong‐term behavioral consequences of lithium/pilocarpine SE were studied 3 months after SE had been induced with lithium and pilocarpine in male Wistar rats at age 28 days. Chronic spontaneous seizures developed in 100% of animals. We tested rats for territorial aggression under the resident‐intruder paradigm. We measured the number of episodes of dominance (mounting and pinning), and agonistic behavior (attacks, boxing, and biting).ResultsUntreated lithium/pilocarpine SE induced a large increase in aggressive behavior, which involved all aspects of aggression in the resident‐intruder paradigm when tested 3 months after SE. The experimental rats were dominant toward the controls, as residents or as intruders, and showed episodes of biting and boxing rarely displayed by controls. They also displayed increased aggressiveness compared with controls when tested against each other.SignificanceThis robust model offers an opportunity to better understand the complex relationship between seizures, epilepsy, and aggression, and the role of age, SE vs. recurrent spontaneous seizures, and focal neuronal injury in the long‐term behavioral effects of SE.
Sialocele formation after partial parotidectomy: Dependent on remnant parotid exposure
Authors: Roh Jong‐Lyel 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundThis study compared the complete closure versus the exposure of remnant parotid parenchyma in sialocele formation.MethodsThis study included 151 patients with benign parotid lesions who underwent partial parotidectomy plus the complete closure or exposure of remnant parotid parenchyma. Two surgical methods of closed or exposed parenchyma were alternatively allocated to consecutive patients without randomization and blinding processes.ResultsComplete closure and exposure of the remnant parotid parenchyma were performed in 81 and 70 patients. Early postoperative complications occurred with temporary events: transient facial weakness, 24 (16%); hematoma, 9 (6%); wound infection, 1 (0.7%) without statistical difference between the two groups (p > 0.1). Postoperative sialocele was more frequently found in the exposure group (n = 15) than the closure group (n = 4; p = 0.003).ConclusionsThe complete closure of remnant parotid parenchyma is preferred over the exposure of injured parenchymal parenchyma to prevent postparotidectomy sialocele.
Challenges and strategies of formulating low‐temperature electrolytes in lithium‐ion batteries
Authors: Qin Mingsheng , Zeng Ziqi , Cheng Shijie , Xie Jia 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) have monopolized energy storage markets in modern society. The reliable operation of LIBs at cold condition (<0°C), nevertheless, is inevitably hampered by the sluggish kinetics and parasite reactions, which falls behind the increasing demands for portable electronics and electric vehicles. The electrolyte controls both Li+ transport and interfacial reaction, dictating the low‐temperature performance substantially. Therefore, the rational formulation of electrolytes is significant for realizing superior low‐temperature performance and broadening application niches of LIBs. Herein, we first discuss the kinetic limitations of low‐temperature LIBs, highlighting the importance of electrolyte structure and interfacial chemistry. Then, the advancements for formulating subzero‐temperature electrolyte are summarized with in‐depth discussions about electrolyte formulation, solvation structure, interfacial chemistry, and low‐temperature behaviors. Moreover, some opportunities for lithium metal batteries and the corresponding low‐temperature electrolyte are covered. Finally, the major challenges and future perspectives are outlined for low‐temperature LIBs.
Sacrospinous fixation: Review of relevant anatomy and surgical technique
Authors: Goh Judith T. W. , Ganyaglo Gabriel Y. K. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractApical support is an important component of pelvic floor reconstruction for pelvic organ prolapse. Sacrospinous ligament fixation is a recognized procedure for apical support. Complications from sacrospinous ligament fixation include pain (buttock and leg) and bleeding. There is some debate as to the optimal location for placement of the sacrospinous fixation sutures. This review summarizes the neuroanatomy of the coccygeus sacrospinous ligament as it pertains to the sacrospinous ligament fixation procedure. An appreciation of the neuroanatomy will lead to a better understanding of methods to reduce operative complications and improve suture placement. This paper also describes a technique for the sacrospinous fixation procedure to better assist clinicians in dissecting the connective tissue off the ligament. Removing or clearing the connective tissue off the ligament will allow critical landmarks to be easily palpated and hence a more accurate placement of sutures. This in turn may reduce the risk of perioperative complications.
Fluorescence colposcope with TMTP1‐PEG4‐ICG is comparable to the conventional colposcope in identifying cervical precancerous lesions: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Zhou Ying , Wang Chen , Li Wei , Lu Wanrong , Liu Xiaohu , Xi Ling , Li Pengcheng , Lu Jinling , Wei Juncheng 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the diagnostic efficiency of a fluorescence colposcope with TMTP1‐PEG4‐ICG dye versus a conventional colposcope with acetic acid and Lugol's iodine in identifying cervical precancerous lesions.MethodsIn all, 218 women with abnormal cervical cancer screening results including cytology and/or human papillomavirus (HPV) test were involved in the randomized controlled trial. Patients in the fluorescence colposcope group had TMTP1‐PEG4‐ICG dye applied to the cervix uteri before colposcopy. Patients in the conventional colposcope group were routinely administered acetic acid and Lugol's iodine to stain the cervix uteri. Two to four cervical sites per patient were taken out for biopsy. The diagnostic efficiency of fluorescence colposcopy and conventional colposcopy was calculated on a per‐patient and per‐site basis. χ2 test or Fisher exact test was used.ResultsA total of 194 patients and the corresponding 662 cervical sites were included in the final analysis. There was no statistically significant difference in the diagnostic efficiency between the two groups both on a per‐patient and a per‐site basis, including accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value.ConclusionsThe fluorescence colposcope with TMTP1‐PEG4‐ICG dye was comparable to the conventional colposcope in identifying cervical precancerous lesions.
AlexNet‐NDTL: Classification of MRI brain tumor images using modified AlexNet with deep transfer learning and Lipschitz‐based data augmentation
Authors: Kollem Sreedhar , Reddy Katta Ramalinga , Prasad Ch. Rajendra , Chakraborty Avishek , Ajayan J. , Sreejith S. , Bhattacharya Sandip , Joseph L. M. I. Leo , Janapati Ravichander 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDeep learning is frequently used to classify medical images. Surgeons may know the type of tumor before doing surgery on a patient. Transfer learning was used to alleviate the overfitting issue of deep networks in classification since the training samples, such as a brain MRI dataset, were insufficient. To overcome this issue, We introduce a new deep‐learning methodology for the categorization of MRI brain tumor images. This method combines a unique data augmentation model with modified AlexNet and network‐based deep transfer learning. We used Lipschitz‐based data augmentation on a dataset, and the output of the augmentation model was fed into a modified AlexNet that uses network‐based deep transfer learning to extract features from a dataset. The proposed model is trained and tested using the BraTS 2020 and Figshare datasets. The proposed model's performance is assessed using sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, precision, F1‐score, and MCC. The proposed model yields superior results.
The protective effects of social support and family functioning on parenting stress among Hispanic/Latino/a American immigrant parents with traumatic life experiences: A mediation analysis
Authors: Maru Mihoko , Paris Ruth , Simhi Meital 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDespite high rates of traumatic experiences reported among Hispanic/Latino/a immigrants in the U.S., the effect of post‐traumatic stress on parenting stress among Hispanic/Latino/a immigrant parents with young children has been overlooked. The present study tested the direct and indirect relationships of self‐reported maternal post‐traumatic stress symptoms on parenting stress, and the mediating role of protective factors among Hispanic/Latino/a mothers with young children. Baseline data collected from mothers participating in a community‐based child‐parent dyadic intervention were analyzed. Measures included the post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) Checklist, the Protective Factors Survey, and the Parenting Stress Index‐Short Form (PSI). The sample included 80 mothers with a child between ages 0–6 years. About 75% of these mothers were migrants from Central America. A multivariate regression analysis showed that maternal post‐traumatic stress symptoms predicted higher levels of PSI, and two protective factors (social support and family functioning/resilience) fully mediated the relationship between maternal post‐traumatic stress symptoms and PSI. Higher social support and family functioning/resiliency may have protective effects on Hispanic/Latino/a mothers with post‐traumatic stress, leading to lower levels of stress related to parenting. Findings underscore the importance of interventions that enhance access to social support and promote family functioning/resilience for Hispanic/Latino/a immigrant mothers with trauma histories to cope better with parenting stress.
Robust hydrogel sensors for unsupervised learning enabled sign‐to‐verbal translation
Authors: Ma Hude , Qin Haiyang , Xiao Xiao , Liu Na , Wang Shaolei , Li Junye , Shen Sophia , Dai Shuqi , Sun Mengmeng , Li Peiyi , Pan Xiaofang , Huang Mingjun , Lu Baoyang , Chen Jun , Wu Lidong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHighly stretchable and robust strain sensors are rapidly emerging as promising candidates for a diverse of wearable electronics. The main challenge for the practical application of wearable electronics is the energy consumption and device aging. Energy consumption mainly depends on the conductivity of the sensor, and it is a key factor in determining device aging. Here, we design a liquid metal (LM)‐embedded hydrogel as a sensing material to overcome the barrier of energy consumption and device aging of wearable electronics. The sensing material simultaneously exhibits high conductivity (up to 22 S m−1), low elastic modulus (23 kPa), and ultrahigh stretchability (1500%) with excellent robustness (consistent performance against 12 000 mechanical cycling). A motion monitoring system is composed of intrinsically soft LM‐embedded hydrogel as sensing material, a microcontroller, signal‐processing circuits, Bluetooth transceiver, and self‐organizing map developed software for the visualization of multi‐dimensional data. This system integrating multiple functions including signal conditioning, processing, and wireless transmission achieves monitor hand gesture as well as sign‐to‐verbal translation. This approach provides an ideal strategy for deaf‐mute communicating with normal people and broadens the application of wearable electronics.image
Requirements for human pluripotent stem cell derived small extracellular vesicles
Authors: Li Qing , Li Bo , Chen Zhengsheng , Xu Wenrong , Yin Hang , Deng Zhifeng , Li Haiyan , Yan Xiaomei , Hao Xiaoke , Li Li , Tao Zhihua , Liu Bicheng , Ye Teng , Luo Lei , Qian Hui , Fu Qing‐Ling , Wang Qian , Zheng Lei , Wang Yang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSmall extracellular vesicles derived from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSC‐sEVs) have shown great application potential in regenerative medicine. To standardise its research and clinical application, the first set of guidelines on hPSC‐sEVs in China ‘Requirements for human pluripotent stem cell derived small extracellular vesicles’ was released by the Chinese Research Hospital Association on 28 December 2021 and came into effect on 1 January 2022. It was jointly drafted and agreed upon by the experts from the Chinese Society of Extracellular Vesicles. This standard specifies the technical requirements, test methods and regulations, packaging, instructions for use, labelling, storage, transportation, and waste handling for hPSC‐sEVs, which apply to the production and quality control of hPSC‐sEVs. We hope that the publication of these guidelines will make it one step closer to international standardisation of hPSC‐sEVs for research and application.
Social predictors of marijuana use among African American youth
Authors: Hollar Madison K , Brubaker Michael D. , Richardson George , Alvarez Jenna 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAs marijuana use is increasingly decriminalized in the United States, the research suggests that understanding the importance of risk and protective factors within each racial/ethnic group is key to buffering the impact marijuana has on youth. Therefore, the current study examined the potential impacts of psychosocial factors included in the Theory of Planned Behavior—perceived risk, peer disapproval, and parental involvement—on marijuana use in a nationally representative sample of African American youth (n = 1768). Increased perceived risk, peer disapproval, and parental involvement were each associated with lower rates of last year marijuana use. Implications for prevention and treatment are discussed.
Structural forms of hormone auxins in Madeira vines
Authors: Ma Ma‐Hsuan , Batsaikhan Erdembayalag , Wu Chun‐Min , Chung Jeng‐Der , Chien Ching‐Te , Tsai Yu‐Han , Li Wen‐Hsien 
Published: March 2023

AbstractX‐ray diffraction and small‐angle neutron scattering were used to identify the naturally occurring hormone auxin in Madeira vine. Two kinds of auxins belonging to indole‐3‐acetic acid (IAA, C10H9NO2) and 4‐chloroindole‐3‐acetic acid (4‐Cl‐IAA, C10H8ClNO2) have been found. The appearance of well‐defined x‐ray diffraction peaks from the IAA as well as from the 4‐Cl‐IAA structures shows that the IAA and 4‐Cl‐IAA molecules that are produced at the shoot apex crystallize into periodic arrangements, rather than stay in molecular forms, upon transport downward through in stem. Small angle neutron scattering spectra reveal a progressive increase in the length of crystallized IAA and 4‐Cl‐IAA on transported downward from the shoot apex to the stem, reaching 59 nm in length in the area 8–9 cm below the shoot apex. A portion of IAA loses their carboxyl group COOH becoming inactive in stimulating cell growth, which slows down the growth in an aged stem.
Omicron‐induced interferon signaling prevents influenza A H1N1 and H5N1 virus infection
Authors: Bojkova Denisa , Bechtel Marco , Rothenburger Tamara , Kandler Joshua D. , Hayes Lauren , Olmer Ruth , Martin Ulrich , Jonigk Danny , Ciesek Sandra , Wass Mark N. , Michaelis Martin , Cinatl Jindrich 
Published: March 2023

AbstractRecent findings in permanent cell lines suggested that SARS‐CoV‐2 Omicron BA.1 induces a stronger interferon response than Delta. Here, we show that BA.1 and BA.5 but not Delta induce an antiviral state in air‐liquid interface cultures of primary human bronchial epithelial cells and primary human monocytes. Both Omicron subvariants caused the production of biologically active types I (α/β) and III (λ) interferons and protected cells from super‐infection with influenza A viruses. Notably, abortive Omicron infection of monocytes was sufficient to protect monocytes from influenza A virus infection. Interestingly, while influenza‐like illnesses surged during the Delta wave in England, their spread rapidly declined upon the emergence of Omicron. Mechanistically, Omicron‐induced interferon signaling was mediated via double‐stranded RNA recognition by MDA5, as MDA5 knockout prevented it. The JAK/STAT inhibitor baricitinib inhibited the Omicron‐mediated antiviral response, suggesting it is caused by MDA5‐mediated interferon production, which activates interferon receptors that then trigger JAK/STAT signaling. In conclusion, our study (1) demonstrates that only Omicron but not Delta induces a substantial interferon response in physiologically relevant models, (2) shows that Omicron infection protects cells from influenza A virus super‐infection, and (3) indicates that BA.1 and BA.5 induce comparable antiviral states.
Vesicle‐to‐micelle transition in aqueous mixtures of cationic lipids with Pluronic F127
Authors: Feitosa Eloi , Lemos Monique , Adati Renata D. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAqueous solutions of vesicle‐forming lipids mixed with micelle‐forming copolymers may result in stabilized and biocompatible aggregates. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) techniques were used here to investigate the effects of the nonionic triblock copolymer Pluronic F127 (F127) on the thermal behavior, structural changes, and hydrodynamic size of cationic vesicles from dioctadecyldimethylammonium chloride (DODAC), dioctadecyldimethylammonium bromide (DODAB), and didodecyldimethylammonium bromide (DDAB) in aqueous dispersion. The DSC thermograms indicate that upon the addition of up to 5.0 mM F127, a vesicle‐to‐micelle transition occurs in three stages. First, there is a predominance of lipid‐F127 mixed vesicles, followed by the co‐existence of mixed vesicles and micelles, and finally, the system is dominated by mixed micelles. DLS results reveal that with the addition of F127 to the lipid dispersions, the size of the assembled structures tends to decrease, also indicating structural changes of vesicles to micelles. These results indicate that the borders between these stages depend on the lipid chain length and counterion type.