bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The risk of venous thromboembolism and blood hyperlactatemia is associated with increased mortality among critically ill patients with Covid‐19
Authors: Alshammary Amal F. , AlQarni Hassan M. , Farzan Raed , Ali Khan Imran , Vennu Vishal 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIntroductionCoronavirus disease 2019 (Covid‐19) following venous thromboembolism (VTE) and blood hyperlactatemia are associated with higher mortality. However, reliable biomarkers for this association remain to be elucidated. This study investigated the associations of VTE risk and blood hyperlactatemia with mortality among critically ill Covid‐19 patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU).MethodsIn this single‐centre retrospective study, we included 171 patients aged ≥18 years with confirmed Covid‐19 admitted to the ICU at a tertiary healthcare clinic in the Eastern region of Saudi Arabia between 1 March 2020 and 31 January 2021. Patients were divided into two groups: survivor and non‐survivor. The survivors have been identified as the patients discharged from the ICU alive. The VTE risk was defined using a Padua prediction score (PPS) >4. The blood lactate concentration (BLC) cut‐off value >2 mmol/L was used to determine the blood hyperlactatemia.ResultsMulti‐factor Cox analysis showed that PPS >4 and BLC >2 mmol/L were more likely to be significantly associated with higher odds of ICU mortality in critically ill Covid‐19 patients (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.80, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.00–8.08, p = 0.050; HR = 3.87, 95% CI = 1.12–13.45, p = 0.033, respectively). The Area under the Curve for VTE and blood hyperlactatemia were 0.62 and 0.85, respectively.ConclusionVTE risk and blood hyperlactatemia have been associated with a higher mortality risk in critically ill Covid‐19 patients who are hospitalized in the ICU in Saudi Arabia. According to our findings, these people needed more effective VTE prevention strategies based on a personalized assessment of their risk of bleeding. Moreover, persons without diabetes and other groups with a high risk of dying from COVID‐19 may be recognized by measuring glucose as having elevated glucose and lactate jointly.
Beyond windfall gains: The redistribution of apprenticeship costs and vocational education of care workers
Authors: Schuss Eric 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn many countries, training subsidies and levy schemes are used to tackle the problem that company‐based provision of apprenticeship training is low. In this paper, we consider the introduction of a levy scheme in the care sector and estimate the causal effect exerted by substantial redistribution of care worker apprenticeship costs on the training activity of care facilities. We exploit the fact that the underlying apprenticeship levy was introduced across the German federal states at different points in time. For ambulatory care, we find a positive effect on the probability of hiring new apprentices and on the number of new apprentices. Inpatient care facilities react only at the intensive margin. This suggests that the positive effects in this sector are driven mainly by facilities that have already provided training slots before the reform.
Self‐assessment skills of undergraduate dental students in the preclinical course of complete removable prosthodontics at Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Authors: Gholami Hooriyeh , Arshad Mahnaz , Kharazifard Mohammad Javad , Ghazanfari Rezvaneh 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIntroductionThis study evaluated the self‐assessment skills of third‐year dental students regarding their performance in complete removable prosthodontics (CRP) preclinical course.Methods and MaterialsThis cross‐sectional study was conducted on all third‐year dental students attending the International Dental College of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. The students were requested to self‐assess their performance in primary impression making, custom tray fabrication, border moulding, final impression making, master cast fabrication, record‐base fabrication and tooth arrangement in CRP preclinical course. The performance of dental students in each step was scored by themselves and their mentors. Data were analysed by the Mann–Whitney U, Pearson's correlation and t‐tests (α = 0.05).ResultsTotally 25 male (55.6%) and 20 female (44.4%) dental students were evaluated. Significant differences were noted between male and female dental students in self‐assessment scores regarding adequate extension of the custom tray (p = .027), the correct position of tray handle (p = .020), visibility of vestibular width and depth on the cast (p = .011), the coincidence of upper and lower midlines (p = .005) and correct orientation of maxillary and mandibular planes in the articulator (p = .036). The mean self‐assessment score of female students was significantly higher than that of male students (p = .01). The scores given by the mentors were not significantly different for male and female students (p = .975). The difference between the self‐assessment score of students and the mentor score was not significant (p = .067) either in males or in females (p > .05).ConclusionUndergraduate dental students favourably self‐assessed their performance in all steps of the preclinical course of CRP, comparable with their mentor assessment.
Inclusion discourses in contemporary Slovak education policy – From the individual to the community and from right to performance
Authors: Kaščák Ondrej , Strouhal Martin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe study on which this article reports sought to explain the complexity of the relationship between inclusion policies and practices in education in Slovakia. Education policy in Slovakia is characterised by an enduring resistance to inclusion practices, despite the presence of humanist inclusion discourses. Accordingly, education policy and practices in Slovakia manifest a conflicting or parallel application of humanist and neoliberal discourses on inclusion. The analysis presented identifies three types of inclusion discourses in Slovak education policy today: (1)general individualised, (2)specified individualised, and (3)neoliberaldiscourses. Concrete examples are provided of each of the three types of discourses in Slovak education policy, to illustrate specific educational policies in different education sectors. Specific national challenges related to notions of inclusion and the associated paradoxes and differing perceptions of inclusion are discussed. The conclusion highlights the question of whether a truly democratic society can exist without humanistic and inclusive ideals.
Fine motor control improves in older adults after 1 year of piano lessons: Analysis of individual development and its coupling with cognition and brain structure
Authors: Worschech Florian , James Clara E. , Jünemann Kristin , Sinke Christopher , Krüger Tillmann H. C. , Scholz Daniel S. , Kliegel Matthias , Marie Damien , Altenmüller Eckart 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMusical training can improve fine motor skills and cognitive abilities and induce macrostructural brain changes. However, it is not clear whether the changes in motor skills occur simultaneously with changes in cognitive and neurophysiological parameters. In this study, 156 healthy, musically naïve and right‐handed older adults were recruited and randomly assigned to a piano training or a music listening group. Before, after 6 and 12 months, participants were scanned using MRI and assessed for fine motor skills, auditory working memory and processing speed. A Bayesian multilevel modelling approach was used to examine behavioural and neurophysiological group differences. The relationships between motor and cognitive and between motor and neurophysiological parameters were determined using latent change score models. Compared with music listening, practicing piano resulted in greater improvement in fine motor skills and probably working memory. Only in the piano group, unimanual fine motor skills and grey matter volume of the contralateral M1 changed together during the 6–12‐month period. Additionally, M1 co‐developed with ipsilateral putamen and thalamus. Playing piano induced more prevalent coupling between the motor and cognitive domains. However, there is little evidence that fine motor control develops concurrently with cognitive functions. Playing an instrument promotes motor, cognitive and neural development into older age. During the learning process, the consolidation of piano skills appears to take place in sensorimotor networks, enabling musicians to perform untrained motor tasks with higher acuity. Relationships between the development of motor acuity and cognition were bidirectional and can be explained by a common cause as well as by shared resources with compensatory mechanisms.
Rapid high performance liquid chromatography method for erlotinib quantification in vitro: Application to study the effect of resveratrol on metabolism and cellular uptake of erlotinib
Authors: Zayed Aref , Al Hroot Jomana , Mayyas Abdulraouf , Al‐Husein Belal 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackground: Erlotinib is a selective epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor that is used for the treatment of non‐small cell lung cancer and pancreatic cancer. Its metabolism is mainly mediated by cytochrome P450 3A (CYP 3A). Resveratrol, a natural compound found in many plants and supplements, is known to inhibit CYP3A enzyme, therefore, it may act as an inhibitor for the metabolism of erlotinib. Objective: Development of a rapid high performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detection (HPLC‐PDA) method for the quantification of erlotinib in liver microsomes and cancer cells and its application to study resveratrol effect on metabolism and cellular uptake of erlotinib. Methods: HPLC‐PDA was used to develop an efficient bioanalytical method with a 2.5‐min runtime preceded by a simple protein precipitation step. The method was validated according to the European Medicines Agency guidelines. Erlotinib metabolic stability and resveratrol effect on erlotinib metabolite formation were evaluated in rat liver microsomes. Furthermore, the method was used to measure the intracellular concentrations of erlotinib in cancer colorectal cells and investigating resveratrol effect on the cellular uptake of erlotinib. Results: A rapid HPLC‐PDA method was developed and validated for the first time to address potential drug interaction of erlotinib with resveratrol. Resveratrol was a strong inhibitor of erlotinib metabolism in vitro with IC50 = 4.03 μM. Resveratrol, however, had no effect on erlotinib cellular uptake after 1 h incubation in human colorectal cancer cells. Conclusion: The study suggests that resveratrol may produce a potential herb–drug interaction with erlotinib at the metabolism level and should be investigated in patients in the clinic.
Expanding on the professional role of dental hygienists as key managers of medical–dental and hospital–dental clinic collaboration in a local Japanese hospital without a dentistry department: From a questionnaire survey after a web seminar
Authors: Nakayama Ryoko , Soga Yoshihiko , Fujii Setsuo , Tsukuda Kazunori , Kadoya Shinichi , Takahashi Kazushi , Saga Ryosuke , Nishimura Mamoru , Yokoyama Nobuji , Okita Atsushi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIntroductionPerioperative oral management (POM) was introduced into the Japanese universal health insurance system in 2012. Collaboration with dental clinics is important for hospitals without a dentistry department. A dental hygienist newly assigned as a member of the patient flow management centre led a seminar to promote collaboration via the web. This study represents the first step to explore the possible role of the hospital‐based dental hygienist in the field of regional medical–dental cooperation of POM by assessing their willingness to participate in providing this type of care by a survey.MethodsThe rate of attendees' satisfaction and the current problems of the collaboration for POM were evaluated through a questionnaire survey after the web seminar.ResultsAll respondents reported satisfaction with the web seminar although it was the first experience of an online seminar for half of the respondents. All hospital dentists, but only 47.8% of dentists working at clinics, had participated in POM. Dental hygienist tended to show greater desire to participate in POM than dentists. All respondents appreciated the role played by the dental hygienist as a key manager of medical–dental collaboration between the hospital and local clinics.ConclusionThe hospital‐based dental hygienist can play a role in planning and management of web seminars for POM, to raise awareness and promote regional medical–dental cooperation of POM.
Magneto‐optical, thermal, and mechanical properties of polycrystalline Tb3Al5O12 transparent ceramics
Authors: Zhang Lixuan , Li Xiaoying , Hu Dianjun , Chen Penghui , Li Xiao , Xie Tengfei , Yuan Qiang , Wu Lexiang , Liu Qiang , Li Jiang 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTerbium aluminum garnet (Tb3Al5O12, TAG) ceramics have become a promising magneto‐optical material owing to the outstanding comprehensive performance, including the magneto‐optical, thermal, and mechanical properties. Fine‐grained TAG ceramics with high optical quality and mechanical properties have attracted much attention. In this study, TAG ceramics with fine grains and high optical quality are fabricated successfully by a two‐step sintering method from co‐precipitated nano‐powders. After pre‐sintered at 1525°C in vacuum and hot isostatic pressed at 1600°C, the in‐line transmittance of TAG ceramics reaches 81.8% at 1064 nm, and the average grain size is 7.1 μm. The Verdet constant of TAG ceramics is −179.6 ± 4.8 rad T−1 m−1 at 633 nm and −52.1 ± 1.9 rad T−1 m−1 at 1064 nm, higher than that of commercial Tb3Ga5O12 crystals. The thermal conductivity of TAG ceramics is determined from 25 to 450°C, and the result is 5.12 W m−1 K−1 at 25°C and 3.61 W m−1 K−1 at 450°C. A comparison of mechanical properties between large‐ and fine‐grained TAG ceramics fabricated under different conditions is conducted. The fine‐grained TAG ceramics possess a bending strength of 226.3 ± 16.4 MPa, which is 9.7% higher than that of the large‐grained ceramics. These results indicate that reducing the grain size on the premise of high optical quality helps improve the comprehensive performance of TAG ceramics.
Development of a carpark cardiac implantable electronic device clinic to improve time efficiency and patient satisfaction in the context of restrictions imposed by the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Enayati Anees , McCormack Cameron , Mckenna Jo , Chye David , Putra Fernan , Lim Han S , Teh Andrew W 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIntroductionWe evaluated time efficiency and patient satisfaction of a “car park clinic” (CPC) compared to traditional face‐to‐face (F2F) during the COVID‐19 pandemic.MethodsConsecutive patients attending CPC between September 2020 and November 2021 were surveyed. CPC time was recorded by staff. F2F time was reported by patients and administrative data.ResultsA total of 591 patients attended the CPC. A total of 176 responses were collected for F2F clinic. Regarding satisfaction, 90% of CPC patients responded “happy” or “very happy.” 96% reported feeling “safe” or “very safe.” Patients spent significantly less time in CPC compared to F2F (17 ± 8 vs. 50 ± 24 min, p < .001).ConclusionCPC had excellent patient satisfaction and superior time efficiency compared to F2F.
Patients' perspectives on involvement in general practice: A thematic analysis of free‐text comments
Authors: Nørgaard Birgitte , Titlestad Signe Beck , Marcussen Michael 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundGeneral practice (GP) plays a core role in managing the clinical pathways of patients with chronic diseases. Despite well‐established knowledge of the benefits of involvement and personalized care, involvement in GP appears to be challenged. This study aimed to explore patient involvement in GP from the patients' perspectives.MethodThe study involved a questionnaire survey investigating patient involvement in GP from the patients' perspectives. The validated questionnaire includes an open‐ended question encouraging responders to provide additional comments regarding their involvement in GP. The results from these comments are presented in this paper. A thematic analysis was applied.ResultsOf the 468 responses, 139 included additional comments to the free‐text question. Through our analysis, six analytic themes were generated—To be seen, met or heard, To feel safe or not, To be involved or dictated to, Accessibility, COVID‐19, and For the resourceful—across 116 codings and 25 descriptive themes. The themes' interwovenness underscores the complexity of both involvement and how it is to live with a chronic disease. Our analysis indicates that involvement in GP is for the resourceful.ConclusionThe six themes describing involvement in GP from the perspectives of patients with T2DM and/or COPD were deeply intertwined. Involvement is dependent on being seen, met and heard, all of which contribute to the patients' sense of feeling safe (or not). These aspects are dependent on accessibility to a general practitioner; thus, COVID‐19 was a barrier during the data‐collection period. Furthermore, it appeared that being resourceful not only contributed to a sense of being involved in GP but was perhaps even a prerequisite for being involved.
Diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorders—INfORM recommendations: Comprehensive and short‐form adaptations for adolescents
Authors: Ekberg EwaCarin , Nilsson Ing‐Marie , Michelotti Ambrosina , Al‐Khotani Amal , Alstergren Per , Rodrigues Conti Paulo Cesar , Durham Justin , Goulet Jean‐Paul , Hirsch Christian , Kalaykova Stanimira , Kapos Flavia P. , King Christopher D. , Komiyama Osamu , Koutris Michail , List Thomas , Lobbezoo Frank , Ohrbach Richard , Palermo Tonya M. , Peck Christopher C. , Penlington Chris , Restrepo Claudia , Rodrigues Maria Joao , Sharma Sonia , Svensson Peter , Visscher Corine M. , Wahlund Kerstin , Rongo Roberto ,   International Network for Orofacial Pain and Related Disorders Methodology (INfORM)
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD) for use in adults is in use worldwide. Until now, no version of this instrument for use in adolescents has been proposed.ObjectiveTo present comprehensive and short‐form adaptations of the adult version of DC/TMD that are appropriate for use with adolescents in clinical and research settings.MethodsInternational experts in TMDs and experts in pain psychology participated in a Delphi process to identify ways of adapting the DC/TMD protocol for physical and psychosocial assessment of adolescents.ResultsThe proposed adaptation defines adolescence as ages 10–19 years. Changes in the physical diagnosis (Axis I) include (i) adapting the language of the Demographics and the Symptom Questionnaires to be developmentally appropriate for adolescents, (ii) adding two general health questionnaires, one for the adolescent patient and one for their caregivers and (iii) replacing the TMD Pain Screener with the 3Q/TMD questionnaire. Changes in the psychosocial assessment (Axis II) include (i) adapting the language of the Graded Chronic Pain Scale to be developmentally appropriate for adolescents, (ii) adding anxiety and depression assessment that have been validated for adolescents and (iii) adding three constructs (stress, catastrophizing and sleep disorders) to assess psychosocial functioning in adolescents.ConclusionThe recommended DC/TMD, including Axis I and Axis II for adolescents, is appropriate to use in clinical and research settings. This adapted first version for adolescents includes changes in Axis I and Axis II requiring reliability and validity testing in international settings. Official translations of the comprehensive and short‐form to different languages according to INfORM requirements will enable a worldwide dissemination and implementation.
Roles of Moral Foundations and Empathic Concern on Rights of Public Decision‐Making for Geological Disposal Facilities: Why is it Self‐evident that “the Concerned Party should be the Decision‐Maker” in the Context of NIMBY Facilities?1
Authors: Nonami Hiroshi , Sakamoto Go , Ohtomo Shoji , Tashiro Yutaka , Aoki Toshiaki , Oba Kentaro 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWhen the location of NIMBY (not in my backyard) facilities is focused, legitimate decision‐making rights tend to be preferentially given to local residents, an attitude defined as a superior legitimization of the concerned parties. Moral foundations and empathic concern are hypothesized to predict the process of superior legitimization of the concerned parties. We conducted an experiment wherein participants evaluated the legitimacy of residents and government agencies in view of the site selection of a geological disposal facility focused on ingroups or outgroups. In both groups, the legitimacy of the residents was notably higher, and the roles of moral foundations and empathic concern on the judgment of legitimacy were indicated. One reason why residents are self‐evidently legitimatized superiorly in the context of NIMBY facilities, therefore, should be that such judgments are based on intuitive moral judgment and empathic concern.
Homelessness, Public Space and Civil Disobedience
Authors: Stevens Simon 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis paper argues that anti‐social behaviour, in the context of homelessness, ought to be seen as acts of civil disobedience. Firstly, I identify public space as a hostile space for people experiencing homelessness. Secondly, I detail how this reveals a default interpretation of them as anti‐social through their mere presence. Thirdly, I explore how this de‐politicises. I go onto define and examine civil disobedience theory, as a counter narrative to anti‐social behaviour. I then argue how acts of disruption by people experiencing homelessness in public space can qualify as civil disobedience. I acknowledge this as a wicked problem but claim that flipping the default framing of homelessness in this way has normative gain, undoing the de‐politicising othering that anti‐social behaviour narratives have caused.
Mirabegron versus vibegron in previously untreated female patients with overactive bladder: A randomized, single‐clinic, open‐label trial
Authors: Sato Hirotaka , Otsuka Shota , Tsukada Sachiyuki 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of mirabegron compared with vibegron (both 50 mg once daily) in Japanese female patients with symptoms of overactive bladder (OAB).MethodsThis prospective, 12‐week, two‐arm, parallel‐group, open‐label randomized trial (UMIN000038288) was conducted at a single clinic from December 2019 to September 2022. The primary efficacy outcome measure was the change in mean total overactive bladder symptom scores (OABSSs) from baseline to end of treatment (EOT) (Week 12). The secondary efficacy outcome measures were changes in mean International Prostate Symptom Score from baseline to EOT, the ratio of patients who achieved a minimal clinically important change (MCIC) of total OABSS, and individual domains of the King's Health Questionnaire. Safety assessments, such as adverse events (AEs), postvoid residual volume, and patient‐reported incidences, were recorded at every visit.ResultsThere was no statistically significant adjusted mean difference between mirabegron and vibegron in terms of the primary outcome of the mean change from baseline to EOT in the total OABSS. The difference in the percentage of patients in the mirabegron and vibegron groups achieving an MCIC on the total OABSS was not statistically significant but appeared to be clinically important. The incidence of treatment‐related AEs was significantly higher for the vibegron group (38.5%) than the mirabegron group (19.1%) (p = .047).ConclusionsThese results showed that both drugs were effective in female OAB patients, with no significant differences in terms of efficacy. However, the safety of vibegron requires further investigation.