bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of the lateral resistance characteristics of ballast bed considering the sleeper group effect
Authors: Jing Pu , Xiao Jie-Ling , Xu Yi , Zhuang Li-Yuan , Yu Si-Xin , Wang Ping , Liu Hao , Qi Tian-You 
Published: April 2023

By establishing the ballast track full scale model, this paper tested and compared the difference between the resistance of the sleeper group and the resistance of a single sleeper, and studied the effect of sleeper group on lateral resistance. The model of the ballast bed was established based on the discrete element method. We compared the lateral resistance of ballast bed composed of different number of sleepers and analyzed the particle movement and the contact characteristic. According to case calculations, we analyzed the lateral stability of continuous welded rail (CWR) considering the effect of sleeper group. The results show that the average resistance of five sleepers decreased by about 28% compared with that of a single sleeper. With the increase of sleeper’s number, the average resistance gradually becomes stable. The reduction of lateral resistance under the effect of sleeper group mainly occurs in the ballast side and sleeper end area and there is a common area of resistance at the side and end of sleepers. When the sleeper displacement reaches 2 mm, the contribution rate of crib resistance in the independent area and the common area is about 4.3:1:1, and the contribution rate of shoulder resistance is about 3.2:1:1. To ensure the safety of the CWR operation, it is suggested that at least three sleepers should be pushed at the same time when testing the lateral resistance and use the average lateral resistance as a reference value.
Development and Optimization of Phytosome for Enhancement of Therapeutic Potential of Epiyangambin in Tinospora cordifolia Extract Identified by GC–MS and Docking Analysis
Authors: Kumar Deivasigamani Senthil , Deivasigamani Karthikeyan , Roy Biswabara 
Published: April 2023

Background To enhance the therapeutic potential of Tinospora cordifolia phytosomes, a chloroform extract was prepared. Objectives The goal of this study was to create and test the therapeutic potential of a phytosome containing T. cordifolia extract. Materials and Methods The extraction of nonpolar compounds was carried out using chloroform as solvent. The active constituent of the extract was subjected to phytochemical and Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS) analyses. Docking studies against multiple targeted proteins confirmed the anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic properties of T. cordifolia extract. The phytosomes of T. cordifolia extract were prepared by solvent evaporation technique. The phytosomes were characterized for vesicle size, entrapment efficiency, surface morphology, FTIR, in vitro drug release and in vivo anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic activities. Results The highest concentration was found to be 16.58% for epiyangambin. The reported compound inhibits GLUT1 and COX2 with 9.25 and 8.34 kcal/mol binding scores. The optimized TCP4 exhibited 454.2 ± 8.1 nm of vesicle size, –43.1 ± 7.5 mV of zeta potential, and 0.33 of polydispersity index (PDI). The phytosomes exhibited a spherical shape confirmed by TEM analysis. The formulation TCP4 showed a significantly higher release (94.7% ± 1.7%) than pure extract. TCP4 exhibited potent therapeutic potential for anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic activity. Conclusion Chloroform extract loaded phytosomes with cholesterol as lipids exhibited significant therapeutic potential due to the presence of epiyangambin.
Effects of Tetrandrine on the Apoptosis of Cisplatin-resistant Oral Cancer Cells
Authors: Chang Chin-Wen , Chen Chun , Chang Chih-Wei , Chiu Po-Yen , Yang Jai-Sing , Chen Fu-An 
Published: April 2023

Background Cisplatin, the first-line drug for chemotherapy, often has limited treatment efficacy because of resistance and cancer recurrence mechanisms. Tetrandrine is a unique secondary metabolite of Stephania tetrandra. As a traditional Chinese medicine agent, tetrandrine has been reported to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, and antiangiogenesis activities and has been shown to inhibit the proliferation and angiogenesis of colorectal, lung, and breast cancer cells; potential mechanisms underlying its activities include the promotion of tumor cell apoptosis, promotion of cell cycle arrest, and intensification of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Objectives The main treatments for oral cancer are chemotherapy, surgery, and radiotherapy; these treatments are often used in combination. Cancer cells easily develop cisplatin resistance; therefore, we investigated tetrandrine’s potential as a therapy for overcoming resistance to oral cancer drugs. Materials and Methods We used the cisplatin-resistant oral cancer CAR cell line (CAL27) as a research objected and applied inhibitor treatment to clarify the role of tetrandrine in cell death and mitochondrial dysfunction. Results Tetrandrine could effectively inhibit CAR cell proliferation and induce apoptosis, with a corresponding increase in ROS production in mitochondria. Moreover, tetrandrine increased caspase-9 and caspase-3 activity in CAR cells and induced apoptotic mRNA, caspase-3/-9, AIF, and Endo G overexpression. Our results indicate that tetrandrine induces apoptosis in CAR cells through a mitochondrial-dependent signaling pathway.
Digital treatment planning and clear aligner therapy: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Meade Maurice J , Ng Elizabeth , Weir Tony 
Published: April 2023

Objective: To investigate the total number of digital treatment plan (DTPs) and aligners manufactured for clear aligner therapy (CAT) by Invisalign® from initial treatment planning to the completion of CAT. Design: A retrospective cohort study. Material and methods: A total of 30 patients, from each of 11 experienced orthodontists, who commenced treatment over a 12-month period, were assessed regarding the number of DTPs and aligners prescribed from initial planning to completion of CAT. Patients were categorised according to the number of aligners prescribed by the initial DTP into mild (<15), moderate (15–29) or severe (>29). Results: After the application of inclusion/exclusion criteria, 324 patients (71.9% women; median age = 28.5 years) undergoing non-extraction treatment with the Invisalign® appliance were assessed. The median number of initial DTPs was 3 (interquartile range [IQR] = 2, 1–9) per patient before acceptance by the orthodontist. Most (99.4%) patients required a refinement phase with a median of 2 (IQR = 2, 2–7) refinement plans recorded. A total of 9135 aligners per dental arch, was prescribed in the initial DTP of the 324 patients assessed and 8452 in the refinement phase. The median number of aligners per dental arch prescribed from the initial DTP was 26 (IQR = 12, 6–78) and from the refinement plans was 20.5 (IQR = 17, 0–132). Conclusion: A median of three initial DTPs and two refinement plans were required for patients undergoing non-extraction treatment with the Invisalign® appliance. Patients were prescribed almost double the number of aligners initially predicted to manage their malocclusion.
A phase Ia dose-escalation trial of Ametumumab (a fully human monoclonal antibody against epidermal growth factor receptor) in patients with advanced solid malignancies
Authors: Li Da , Pan Hong , Wang Wei , Xue Yanan , Fang Yong , Lou Haizhou , Pan Qin , Jin Wei , Zheng Yu , Han Weidong , Zhu Kongli , Zhao Xianfeng , Xu Rong , Han Jin , Pan Hongming 
Published: April 2023

Background: Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a well-known target for cancer treatment. However, the authorized anti-EGFR monoclonal antibodies generally cause several toxic effects, especially severe cutaneous toxicities as well as infusion reactions, and the clinical indications are limited. Here we developed Ametumumab, a fully human recombinant anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody. Objectives: To assess the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics (PK), and immunogenicity of Ametumumab. Design: A first-in-human phase Ia dose escalation study of Ametumumab in patients with advanced solid malignancies. Methods: An open-label, first-in-human dose escalation study was done in 22 patients with advanced malignancies who received six ascending dosages ranging from 75 to 750 mg/m2. Following a single dosage and a 28-day dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) monitoring period, patients were given repeated doses weekly. Blood samples were taken to determine the PK parameters of Ametumumab and anti-drug antibody concentrations. Every 8 weeks, radiographic tumor evaluations were conducted. Results: In this trial, no DLT was observed, and the maximum tolerated dose was not reached at doses up to 750 mg/m2. There were no severe adverse events but mild and moderate adverse effects, such as headache, proteinuria, and rash. Single-dose PK results demonstrated a straightforward linear relationship with dosage escalation. The medication concentrations accumulated and attained steady-state after four rounds of injections. It was calculated that 10 patients with disease control would be observed in the 22 evaluable patients. The disease control rate was 45.5%. Conclusion: The Ametumumab was well tolerated and safe in patients with advanced solid malignancies, exhibiting minimal immunogenicity, a long half-life, high levels of drug exposure in the blood, and preliminary effectiveness. Registration: The trial was registered with CTR20170343 on 10 April 2017, The China Center for Drug Evaluation.
Surgical Construct Type Is Associated With Time to Fusion and Reoperation Rate in Double and Isolated Talonavicular Arthrodeses
Authors: Guareschi Alexander S. , Hoch Caroline , Reid Jared J. , Scott Daniel J. , Gross Christopher E. 
Published: April 2023

Background This study evaluates the effect of surgical construct on postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing isolated talonavicular (TN) or double (TN and subtalar ST) arthrodesis. TN constructs included plate and screw, screw and staple, and isolated staple constructs. Subtalar constructs included 1- and 2-screw constructs. Methods Retrospective chart review identified 52 patients who underwent double or isolated TN arthrodesis between 2016 and 2021 by a single fellowship-trained foot and ankle surgeon with minimum 6 months of follow-up (mean = 1.62 years, range = 0.50-4.39 years). Data collected included demographics, medical history, surgical indication, surgical constructs used, complications, reoperations, patient-reported outcome measures, and radiographic measures. Results Overall complication and reoperation rates were 26.3% and 12.3%, respectively. Among TN constructs, time to ST (P = .026) and TN (P = .018) fusion was significantly slower among patients receiving a plate and screw construct. Complication rate did not differ, but reoperation rate was significantly higher for plate and screw TN constructs (P = .039). Postoperative Foot and Ankle Outcome Score (FAOS) Quality of Life (P = .028) and Total (P = .016) scores were significantly better among plate and screw TN constructs. Conclusion Utilization of screw and staple or isolated staple construct have significantly quicker time to fusion and lower reoperation rates than plate and screw constructs for the TN joint. Level of Evidence: Level III: Retrospective cohort study
On the Restorative Break: Understanding the Role of Break Room Design on Nurse Engagement and Satisfaction
Authors: Lorusso Lesa , Ossmann Michelle , Orozco Tatiana , Lawson Linda 
Published: April 2023

Background: Healthcare organizations need to attract and retain qualified nurses, and break areas may influence nurse engagement with breaks, but this has not been studied in situ. The goal of this study was to understand nurse perception of breaks and ways building design and culture impact the frequency, duration, and location of nurse breaks. Methods: This was Part 1 of a two-part study. Mixed-method approaches included on-site behavior mapping, focus groups, online survey, and break room usage rates analysis. Findings: In this study, nurses did not take restorative breaks but focused on quick “bio” breaks in rooms nearest the central nurse station. When nurses left care floors, they preferred the cafeteria and outdoor eating spaces. Conclusion: Nurses’ proclivity to minimize restorative breaks remains a major organizational concern. Future studies should investigate leadership activities impacting nurses’ perception of shifts and break-taking behavior. Application to Practice: By optimizing the break setting and changing the cultural perspective of breaks, occupational health services and healthcare management can support nurses’ engagement in restorative activities.
Potential to enhance telephone cardiopulmonary resuscitation with improved instructions - findings from a simulation-based manikin study with lay rescuers
Authors: Hölzing Carlos Ramon , Brinkrolf Peter , Metelmann Camilla , Metelmann Bibiana , Hahnenkamp Klaus , Baumgarten Mina 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Telephone-Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (T-CPR) significantly increases rate of bystander resuscitation and improves patient outcomes after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Nevertheless, securing correct execution of instructions remains a difficulty. ERC Guidelines 2021 recommend standardised instructions with continuous evaluation. Yet, there are no explicit recommendations on a standardised wording of T-CPR in the German language. We investigated, whether a modified wording regarding check for breathing in a German T-CPR protocol improved performance of T-CPR.

Methods
A simulation study with 48 OHCA scenarios was conducted. In a non-randomised trial study lay rescuers were instructed using the real-life-CPR protocol of the regional dispatch centre and as the intervention a modified T-CPR protocol, including specific check for breathing (head tilt-chin lift instructions). Resuscitation parameters were assessed with a manikin and video recordings.

Results
Check for breathing was performed by 64.3% (n = 14) of the lay rescuers with original wording and by 92.6% (n = 27) in the group with modified wording (p = 0.035). In the original wording group the head tilt-chin manoeuvre was executed by 0.0% of the lay rescuers compared to 70.3% in the group with modified wording (p < 0.001). The average duration of check for breathing was 1 ± 1 s in the original wording group and 4 ± 2 s in the group with modified wording (p < 0.001). Other instructions (e.g. check for consciousness and removal of clothing) were well performed and did not differ significantly between groups. Quality of chest compression did not differ significantly between groups, with the exception of mean chest compression depth, which was slightly deeper in the modified wording group.

Conclusion
Correct check for breathing seems to be a problem for lay rescuers, which can be decreased by describing the assessment in more detail. Hence, T-CPR protocols should provide standardised explicit instructions on how to perform airway assessment. Each protocol should be evaluated for practicability.
Design of a nanobiosystem with remote photothermal gene silencing in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii to increase lipid accumulation and production
Authors: Alishah Aratboni Hossein , Rafiei Nahid , Uscanga-Palomeque Ashanti Concepción , Luna Cruz Itza Eloisa , Parra-Saldivar Roberto , Morones-Ramirez Jose Ruben 
Published: March 2023

AbstractResearch development in the precise control of gene expression in plant cells is an emerging necessity that would lead to the elucidation of gene function in these biological systems. Conventional gene-interfering techniques, such as micro-RNA and short interfering RNA, have limitations in their ability to downregulate gene expression in plants within short time periods. However, nanotechnology provides a promising new avenue with new tools to overcome these challenges. Here, we show that functionalized gold nanoparticles, decorated with sense and antisense oligonucleotides (FANSAO), can serve as a remote-control optical switch for gene interference in photosynthetic plant cells. We demonstrate the potential of employing LEDs as optimal light sources to photothermally dehybridize the oligonucleotides on the surface of metallic nanostructures, consequently inducing regulation of gene expression in plant cells. We show the efficiency of metallic nanoparticles in absorbing light from an LED source and converting it to thermal energy, resulting in a local temperature increase on the surface of the gold nanoparticles. The antisense oligonucleotides are then released due to the opto-thermal heating of the nanobiosystem composed of the metallic nanoparticles and the sense-antisense oligonucleotides. By applying this approach, we silenced the Carnitine Acyl Carnitine Translocase genes at 90.7%, resulting in the accumulation of lipid bodies in microalgae cells. These results exhibit the feasibility of using functionalized gold nanoparticles with sense and antisense oligonucleotides to enhance nucleic acid delivery efficiency and, most importantly, allow for temporal control of gene silencing in plant cells. These nanobiosystems have broad applications in the development and biosynthesis of biofuels, pharmaceuticals, and specialized chemicals.
A lipid metabolism–based prognostic risk model for HBV–related hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Zhou Lili , Xia Shaohuai , Liu Yaoyao , Ji Qiang , Li Lifeng , Gao Xuan , Guo Xiaodi , Yi Xin , Chen Feng 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Up to 85% of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cases in China can be attributed to infection of hepatitis B virus (HBV). Lipid metabolism performs important function in hepatocarcinogenesis of HBV–related liver carcinoma. However, limited studies have explored the prognostic role of lipid metabolism in HBV–related HCC. This study established a prognostic model to stratify HBV–related HCC based on lipid metabolisms.

Methods
Based on The Cancer Genome Atlas HBV–related HCC samples, this study selected prognosis-related lipid metabolism genes and established a prognosis risk model by performing uni- and multi-variate Cox regression methods. The final markers used to establish the model were selected through the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator method. Analysis of functional enrichment, immune landscape, and genomic alteration was utilized to investigate the inner molecular mechanism involved in prognosis.

Results
The risk model independently stratified HBV-infected patients with liver cancer into two risk groups. The low–risk groups harbored longer survival times (with P < 0.05, log–rank test). TP53, LRP1B, TTN, and DNAH8 mutations and high genomic instability occurred in high–risk groups. Low–risk groups harbored higher CD8 T cell infiltration and BTLA expression. Lipid–metabolism (including “Fatty acid metabolism”) and immune pathways were significantly enriched (P < 0.05) in the low–risk groups.

Conclusions
This study established a robust model to stratify HBV–related HCC effectively. Analysis results decode in part the heterogeneity of HBV–related liver cancer and highlight perturbation of lipid metabolism in HBV–related HCC. This study’s findings could facilitate patients’ clinical classification and give hints for treatment selection.
Existence theory for multiple solutions to second-order singular Dirichlet boundary value problem modeling the Antarctic Circumpolar Current
Authors: Jiang Yongxin , Shi Wei , Li Xiaojuan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn the article, we present multiple solutions for a second-order singular Dirichlet boundary value problem that arises when modeling the ocean flow of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current. The main tools of the proof are the Leray–Schauder nonlinear alternative principle and a well-known fixed point theorem in cones.
Carbon emission trading system and stock price crash risk of heavily polluting listed companies in China: based on analyst coverage mechanism
Authors: Xie Zeyu , Yang Mian , Xu Fei 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis study reveals the inconsistencies between the negative externalities of carbon emissions and the recognition condition of accounting statements. Hence, the study identifies that heavily polluting enterprises in China have severe off-balance sheet carbon reduction risks before implementing the carbon emission trading system (CETS). Through the staggered difference-in-difference (DID) model and the propensity score matching-DID model, the impact of CETS on reducing the risk of stock price crashes is examined using data from China’s A-share heavily polluting listed companies from 2007 to 2019. The results of this study are as follows: (1) CETS can significantly reduce the risk of stock price crashes for heavily polluting companies in the pilot areas. Specifically, CETS reduces the skewness (negative conditional skewness) and down-to-up volatility of the firm-specific weekly returns by 8.7% and 7.6%, respectively. (2) Heterogeneity analysis further shows that the impacts of CETS on the risk of stock price crashes are more significant for heavily polluting enterprises with the bear market condition, short-sighted management, and intensive air pollution. (3) Mechanism tests show that CETS can reduce analysts’ coverage of heavy polluters, reducing the risk of stock price crashes. This study reveals the role of CETS from the stock price crash risk perspective and helps to clarify the relationship between climatic risk and corporate financial risk.
Fordonianka Maria Kostrzewska ps. Wiara, Maks (1901–1951)
Authors: Paczoska-Hauke Alicja 
Published: April 2023

Autorka przybliżyła postać Marii Kostrzewskiej, jednej z wielu konspiratorek AK i podziemia antykomunistycznego, które mimo upływu wielu lat nadal nie mają swoich grobów. Kostrzewska urodziła się w 1901 r. w Krakowie, była absolwentką Akademii Handlowej w Krakowie. W czasie wojny była związana z krakowskim Zgrupowanie Armii Krajowej Żelbet. Po zakończeniu działań wojennych kontynuowała wraz z synem działalność konspiracyjną w ramach Zrzeszenia Wolność i Niezawisłość. Była członkinią Brygady Wywiadowczej oraz szyfrantką Obszaru Południowego Zrzeszenie WiN. Po aresztowaniu i skazaniu przez Wojskowy Sąd Rejonowy w Warszawie przebywała w więzieniu w Fordonie, gdzie ciężko chorowała. Zmarła 25 marca 1951 r. Jej synowi, Andrzejowi do tej pory nie udało się odnaleźć grobu matki.
Przedawnienie roszczenia o wypłatę dywidendy w spółkach kapitałowych
Authors: Moniczewski Karol 
Published: April 2023

W artykule została zaprezentowana przekrojowa analiza roszczenia o wypłatę dywidendy w spółkach kapitałowych. Znajdują się w nim rozważania dotyczące powstania stosunku zobowiązaniowego o wypłatę, określenia dnia wymagalności roszczenia oraz jego przedawnienia. W ramach analizy podjęto próbę stworzenia spójnej koncepcji powstania stosunku zobowiązaniowego o wypłatę dywidendy, ustalenia te determinowały spojrzenie na kwestię wymagalności oraz przedawnienia roszczenia. W pracy broniono tezy, iż świadczenie dywidendowe ma charakter jednorazowy, a roszczenie o wypłatę dywidendy przedawnia się na zasadach ogólnych. Posłużono się metodą dogmatyczno-prawną, poprzez analizę regulacji z Kodeksu spółek handlowych oraz Kodeksu cywilnego wraz z uwzględnieniem dorobku piśmiennictwa i orzeczeń Sądu Najwyższego.