bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The association between prediabetes and bone mineral density: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Pan Runzhou , Ji Hong , Xu Yao , Zhang Yan , Wang Rongrong , Liang Xue , Zhao Yongcai 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundPrediabetes is an intermediate metabolic state between euglycaemia and diabetes, including three different definitions: impaired fasting glucose, impaired glucose tolerance, and mildly elevated glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) (range 5.7%–6.4%). The effect of prediabetes on bone mineral density (BMD) has not been established. Therefore, we performed a meta‐analysis to evaluate the association between prediabetes and BMD.MethodsWe retrieved studies related to prediabetes and BMD from PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase databases from January 1990 to December 2022. All data were analysed using the random effects model. Statistical heterogeneity was tested by I2. Subgroup analysis was performed after each study‐level variable was pre‐defined by meta‐regression.ResultsA total of 17 studies were included involving 45,788 patients. We detected a significant overall association of prediabetes with increased spine BMD (weighted mean difference [WMD] = 0.01, 95% CI [0.00, 0.02], p = 0.005; I2 = 62%), femur neck (FN) BMD (WMD = 0.01, 95% CI [0.00, 0.01], p < 0.001; I2 = 19%), and femur total (FT) BMD (WMD = 0.02, 95% CI [0.01, 0.03], p < 0.001; I2 = 51%). Several variables leading to heterogeneity were defined by meta‐regression, including age, sex, region, study type, dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry scanner manufacturer, and prediabetes definition. Subgroup analyses indicated that the association of prediabetes with increased BMD was stronger in men, Asians, and older adults over 60 years of age.ConclusionsCurrent evidence shows that prediabetes is strongly associated with increased BMD of the spine, FN, and FT. The association was stronger among males, Asians, and older adults over 60 years of age.
Early left ventricular unloading after extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: rationale and design of EARLY‐UNLOAD trial
Authors: Kim Min Chul , Lim Yongwhan , Lee Seung Hun , Shin Yoonmin , Ahn Joon Ho , Hyun Dae Young , Cho Kyung Hoon , Sim Doo Sun , Hong Young Joon , Kim Ju Han , Jeong Myung Ho , Jung Yong Hun , Jeong In‐Seok , Ahn Youngkeun 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimsThe clinical benefits of venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA‐ECMO) for profound cardiogenic shock are well known. However, peripheral VA‐ECMO increases the left ventricular afterload, thus compromising myocardial recovery. Recent studies have revealed the benefit of left ventricular unloading using various methods applied at different times. The EARLY‐UNLOAD trial compares the clinical outcomes of early left ventricular unloading and conventional approach after VA‐ECMO.Methods and resultsThe EARLY‐UNLOAD trial is a single‐centre, open‐label, randomized trial that recruited 116 patients with cardiogenic shock undergoing VA‐ECMO. Patients meeting the inclusion criteria were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to two groups: routine left ventricular unloading via intracardiac echocardiography‐guided transseptal left atrial cannulation within 12 h of VA‐ECMO initiation or conventional approach that indicates rescue left ventricular unloading if clinical signs of an increased left ventricular afterload are present. The primary endpoint is the cumulative incidence of all‐cause death within 30 days, and patients will be followed‐up for 12 months. A key secondary endpoint is a composite measure of all‐cause death and rescue transseptal left atrial cannulation in the conventional group (suggestive of VA‐ECMO treatment failure) within 30 days. The enrolment of patients was finished in September 2022.ConclusionsThe EARLY‐UNLOAD trial is the first randomized controlled trial to compare early left ventricular unloading and conventional approach after VA‐ECMO using the same unloading modality. The results could impact clinical practice to overcome the haemodynamic issues associated with VA‐ECMO.
Echocardiographic pressure–strain loop‐derived stroke work of the right ventricle: validation against the gold standard
Authors: Richter Manuel J. , Douschan Philipp , Fortuni Federico , Gall Henning , Ghofrani Hossein A. , Keranov Stanislav , Kremer Nils , Kriechbaum Steffen D. , Rako Zvonimir A. , Rieth Andreas J. , da Rocha Bruno Brito , Seeger Werner , Zedler Daniel , Yildiz Selin , Yogeswaran Athiththan , Tello Khodr 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimsCommercially available integrated software for echocardiographic measurement of stroke work (SW) is increasingly used for the right ventricle, despite a lack of validation. We sought to assess the validity of this method [echo‐based myocardial work (MW) module] vs. gold‐standard invasive right ventricular (RV) pressure–volume (PV) loops.Methods and resultsFrom the prospectively recruiting EXERTION study (NCT04663217), we included 42 patients [34 patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) or chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) and 8 patients with absence of cardiopulmonary disease] with RV echocardiography and invasive PV catheterization. Echocardiographic SW was assessed as RV global work index (RVGWI) generated via the integrated pressure–strain MW software. Invasive SW was calculated as the area bounded by the PV loop. An additional parameter derived from the MW module, RV global wasted work (RVGWW), was correlated with PV loop measures. RVGWI significantly correlated with invasive PV loop‐derived RV SW in the overall cohort [rho = 0.546 (P < 0.001)] and the PAH/CTEPH subgroup [rho = 0.568 (P < 0.001)]. Overall, RVGWW correlated with invasive measures of arterial elastance (Ea), the ratio of end‐systolic elastance (Ees)/Ea, and end‐diastolic elastance (Eed) significantly.ConclusionsIntegrated echo measurement of pressure–strain loop‐derived SW correlates with PV loop‐based assessment of RV SW. Wasted work correlates with invasive measures of load‐independent RV function. Given the methodological and anatomical challenges of RV work assessment, evolution of this approach by incorporating more elaborated echo analysis data and an RV reference curve might improve its reliability to mirror invasively assessed RV SW.
Numerical dynamic characterisation of concrete bridge stays
Authors: Orgnoni Andrea , Pinho Rui , Calvi Gian Michele , Moratti Matteo , Scattarreggia Nicola 
Published: July 2023

AbstractFollowing the recent collapse of a cable‐stayed bridge in Genoa, Italy, an interest has arisen to understand if it would have been possible for unknown localised material deterioration and/or decrease in prestress levels to introduce noticeable changes in the dynamic behaviour of RC stays. As such, in this study we start by reviewing past research work, experimental and analytical, on the effects that prestress level may or may not have on the dynamic response of RC beam elements. We then review also available analytical formulations used to determine the natural frequency of vibration of prestressed beams, and, subsequently, complete the preliminary investigation on the effects of prestress levels, and local damage, through the analysis of finite element models of prestressed beams and stays. The comparison of analytical and numerical estimations with results obtained from an in‐situ dynamic characterisation campaign on a RC bridge stay is also undertaken. In the second part of the study, we explicitly consider the Morandi bridge case‐study, for which finite element models of the stays alone, as well as of the full bridge, are developed and analysed. The obtained results are then also compared with the observations made in pre‐collapse in situ dynamic characterisation endeavours. All results obtained and discussed lead to the conclusion that, most regrettably, dynamic characterisation endeavours do not have the capability of providing insight on possible localised material deterioration or partial reduction of the average state of compression in this type of structural elements.
Super‐heating degree responsive control strategy of variable refrigerant flow air conditioning system for energy saving and stable operation
Authors: Tu Qiu , Zhang Lina , Yuan Xiaoyuan , Jiang Jianjun , Ye Fangming 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe control strategy is important for variable refrigerant flow (VRF) air conditioning system to realize energy saving and stable operation. In this work, the super‐heating degree (SHD) responsive control strategy was developed to dynamically adjust the respective SHD target value (ΔTe,tar) of indoor units so as to adapt to the variable cooling load. The capacity code (Ecode) is introduced into the control model to quantify the reference target value of SHD. To responsively adapt to variable cooling load, the correction target values of SHD based on discharge temperature and deviation of the outlet air temperature are introduced in the SHD model for operation protection of the compressor and the consistency of refrigerant distribution. The enthalpy difference analogy method is developed to estimate the performance of the VRF system including cooling capacity, electric power, and energy efficiency ratio (EER). The performance was tested under the conditions of different ΔTe,tar. Experimental results demonstrate that the ΔTe,tar is an important factor to determine the operation frequency, which affects cooling capacity, power, EER, and operation status of the system. The cooling capacity and electric power at the ΔTe,tar of 9°C was about 55.2% and 63.5% lower than those at the ΔTe,tar of 1°C, and the corresponding EER was improved by 22.6%. To further verify the SHD control strategy, the VRF system was tested by the responsive control model under the condition that Ecode and ΔTe,tar were constantly automatically adjusted and changed with the actual indoor ambient temperature. Experimental results demonstrate that the VRF system can achieve a good and uniform cooling effect and realize energy saving and stable operation according to the responsive super‐heating degree control.
The Comet Assay, a Sensitive Biomarker of Water Quality Improvement Following Adoption of Beneficial Agricultural Practices?
Authors: Gendron Andrée D. , Lacaze Émilie , Taranu Zofia E. , Gouge Rebecca , Larbi-Youcef Yasmina , Houde Magali , André Chantale , Gagné François , Triffault-Bouchet Gaëlle , Giroux Isabelle 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Numerous actions have been undertaken by farmers to attenuate the impact of agricultural activities on aquatic ecosystems. The identification of biomarkers that respond quickly to water quality improvement could facilitate the assessment of adopted alternative practices and help maintain mobilization among stakeholders. We evaluated the potential of the comet assay, a biomarker of genotoxic effects, using a freshwater mussel, Elliptio complanata, as a model animal. The frequency of DNA damage was assessed in hemocytes of mussels collected from a pristine habitat and caged for 8 weeks in the Pot au Beurre River, a tributary of the fluvial Lake St.-Pierre (Quebec, Canada) impacted by agricultural activities. We found that the level of DNA damage naturally induced in mussel hemocytes was low and showed very limited variations over time. Compared with these baseline levels and to laboratory controls, we observed a doubling in DNA alterations in mussels exposed to agricultural runoff in the third branch of the Pot au Beurre River. The genotoxic response was significantly lower in mussels caged in the first branch of the Pot au Beurre River, where longer stretches of shoreline have been restored as buffer strips. Glyphosate, mesotrione, imazethapyr, and metolachlor were the main discriminant pesticides between these two branches. Metolachlor was found in sufficient concentrations to induce DNA damage, but it is more likely that the observed genotoxicity was the result of a “cocktail effect,” that is, the cumulative contribution of coexisting genotoxicants including the above-mentioned herbicides and ingredients in their formulation. Our findings suggest that the comet assay is a sensitive tool for the early detection of changes in water toxicity following the adoption of agricultural beneficial practices. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;42:2201–2214. © 2023 Crown copyright and The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC. This article is published with the permission of the Controller of HMSO and the King's Printer for Scotland.
Anomalous pollen cones in Pseudotaxus chienii (Taxaceae): A further support for the pseudanthial origin of the Taxus pollen cone
Authors: Dörken Veit Martin , Nimsch Hubertus 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPseudotaxus pollen cones are compound inflorescences. Wild type and anomalous shaped pollen cones were studied. It is suggested that each perisporangiate microsporangiophore represents a strongly reduced flower (lateral pollen cone) and not a peltate microsporophyll. This explains their position in the axil of a scaly pherophyll. In the wild type, the axis of the flowers is so strongly reduced that it is no longer visible and the primordia of all inserted hyposporangiate microsporangiophores get in contact and fuse to a radial synangium. In some cases, the perisporangiate microsporangiophores/flowers were reduced to a single hyposporangiate microsporangiophore. This shows that the perisporangiate microsporangiophores of Pseudotaxus are not sporophylls, but strongly reduced lateral flowers, each consisting of several lateral hyposporangiate microsporangiophores, which fuse to a radial unit. By a reduction of all pherophylls in the Pseudotaxus inflorescence, the flower‐like Taxus pollen cone structure is formed, which however represents an inflorescences with flowers reduced to perisporangiate microsporangiophores. If in Taxus pollen cones the lateral flowers get reduced to a single hyposporangiate microsporangiophore, the Torreya pollen cone is formed. In this case, the lateral hyposporangiate microsporangiophores of Torreya correspond to strongly reduced flowers and not to dorsiventral sporophylls.
Dietary inflammatory index and elevated serum C‐reactive protein: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Mohammadi Salman , Hosseinikia Mahboobe , Ghaffarian‐Bahraman Ali , Clark Cain C. T. , Davies Ian G , Yousefi Rad Esmaeil , Saboori Somayeh 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDiet can affect the inflammatory state of the body. Accordingly, the dietary inflammatory index (DII) has been developed to quantify the inflammatory properties of food items. This study sought to investigate the association between dietary inflammation index (DII) and the odds ratio of elevated CRP (E‐CRP) through a systematic review and meta‐analysis study. The International electronic databases of PubMed, Web of Science (ISI), and Scopus were searched until May 2023 to find related articles. From 719 studies found in the initial search, 14 studies, with a total sample size of 59,941 individuals, were included in the meta‐analysis. The calculated pooled odds ratio (OR) of E‐CRP in the highest DII category was 1.39 (95% CI: 1.06, 1.14, test for heterogeneity: p = .63, and I2 = .0%) in comparison with the lowest DII category. Also, the results of this study showed that each unit increase in DII as a continuous variable generally elicited a 10% increase in the odds of E‐CRP (OR 1.10, 95% CI 1.06, 1.14, test for heterogeneity: p = .63, and I2 = .0%). Subgroup meta‐analyses showed that there is a higher E‐CRP odds ratio for the articles that reported energy‐adjusted DII (E‐DII) instead of DII, the studies that measured CRP instead of hs‐CRP, and the studies that used 24‐h recall instead of FFQ as the instrument of dietary intake data collection. Individuals with a higher DII were estimated to have higher chances of developing elevated serum CRP. This value was influenced by factors such as the participants' nationality, instruments of data collection, methods used to measure inflammatory biomarkers, study design, and data adjustments. However, future well‐designed studies can help provide a more comprehensive understanding of the inflammatory properties of diet and inflammatory serum biomarkers.
Comparison of ohmic heating‐ and microwave‐assisted extraction techniques for avocado leaves valorization: Optimization and impact on the phenolic compounds and bioactivities
Authors: Gumustepe Lale , Kurt Nevriye , Aydın Ebru , Ozkan Gulcan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAvocado tree pruning activities generate a substantial amount of residual biomass, which includes different parts of the plant, such as leaves, twigs, branches, and small fruits. This study aimed to investigate the impact of different green extraction methods of microwave‐assisted extraction (MAE) and ohmic heating‐assisted extraction (OHAE) for the phenolic extraction of avocado leaves based on a statistical approach, central composite design (CCD), and response surface methodology (RSM). Water was preferred using as an environmentally and health‐friendly solvent for both methods. The phenolic composition, antioxidant activity, and antidiabetic potential of the extracts were identified and comparatively assessed. The developed models exhibited a high degree of reliability with optimal conditions for OHAE and MAE, which were determined as 9.38 V/cm voltage gradient, 6 min extraction time, at 60°C, 5 min, and 1 g dried leaf/100 mL water. Epicatechin was identified as the primary phenolic compound in OHAE extracts, while chlorogenic acid was the dominant compound in MAE extracts. The extracts obtained from OHAE and MAE were tested for their ability to inhibit α‐glucosidase activity, with IC50(mg/mL) values of 0.85 and 1.14, respectively. The DPPH radicals scavenging activity (IC50mg/L) of OHAE and MAE were detected as 2.96 and 3.41, respectively. In conclusion, both methods yielded extracts rich in polyphenols that displayed high antioxidant activity, but OHAE was found to be superior to MAE in terms of TPC, DPPH, and antidiabetic activities. The results of this study have the potential to make significant contributions toward promoting the principles of a circular economy by facilitating the valorization of the avocado pruning waste.
Country‐Specific Participation Patterns in Transnational Governance Initiatives on Sustainability: Preliminary Insights and Research Agenda
Authors: Tosun Jale , Saad Emiliano Levario , Glückler Johannes , Irigoyen Rios Alejandra , Lehmann Rosa 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTransnational public–private governance initiatives (TGIs) have become key elements in global governance, especially in the governance of sustainability. Pertinent research has concentrated on why TGIs have emerged as well as on their impacts on political outcomes and questions related to their legitimacy. This instructive literature has predominantly focused on TGIs as entities in their own right. This explorative study contributes to the literature by advocating a complementary analytical perspective that pays attention to domestic‐level patterns of participation in TGIs and national factors that determine which types of organizations (public, business, or civil society) participate in TGIs. It is shown for six Latin American countries (Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, and Peru) that there exists cross‐country variation in the composition patterns in 29 TGIs on sustainability, suggesting that national conditions matter for how organizations participate in them. By improving the knowledge of the national conditions, a more complete analysis of participation and the effectiveness of TGIs can be provided in global sustainability governance. In this spirit, in a last step, an agenda is developed for guiding future research on this topic.
Using predictive validity to compare associations between brain damage and behavior
Authors: Magnotti John F. , Patterson Jaclyn S. , Schnur Tatiana T. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractLesion‐behavior mapping (LBM) provides a statistical map of the association between voxel‐wise brain damage and individual differences in behavior. To understand whether two behaviors are mediated by damage to distinct regions, researchers often compare LBM weight outputs by either the Overlap method or the Correlation method. However, these methods lack statistical criteria to determine whether two LBM are distinct versus the same and are disconnected from a major goal of LBMs: predicting behavior from brain damage. Without such criteria, researchers may draw conclusions from numeric differences between LBMs that are irrelevant to predicting behavior. We developed and validated a predictive validity comparison method (PVC) that establishes a statistical criterion for comparing two LBMs using predictive accuracy: two LBMs are distinct if and only if they provide unique predictive power for the behaviors being assessed. We applied PVC to two lesion‐behavior stroke data sets, demonstrating its utility for determining when behaviors arise from the same versus different lesion patterns. Using region‐of‐interest‐based simulations derived from proportion damage from a large data set (n = 131), PVC accurately detected when behaviors were mediated by different regions (high sensitivity) versus the same region (high specificity). Both the Overlap method and Correlation method performed poorly on the simulated data. By objectively determining whether two behavioral deficits can be explained by single versus distinct patterns of brain damage, PVC provides a critical advance in establishing the brain bases of behavior. We have developed and released a GUI‐driven web app to encourage widespread adoption.
The incidence trends of oral cancers worldwide from 1988 to 2012 and the prediction up to 2030
Authors: Lu Dong‐Ning , Zhang Wan‐Chen , Lin Yan‐Ze , Zhang Yi‐Ning , Shao Cheng‐Ying , Zheng Chuan‐Ming , Ge Ming‐Hua , Xu Jia‐Jie 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundThis paper aims to analyze the time trend of OCs incidence in 43 countries (1988–2012) and predict the incidence trend of OCs (2012–2030).MethodsIn the database for Cancer Incidence in Five Continents, the annual data on OCs incidence grouped by age and gender were obtained from 108 cancer registries in 43 countries. The age‐standardized incidence rates were calculated, and the Bayesian age‐period‐cohort model was used to predict the incidence in 2030.ResultsSouth Asia and Oceania had the highest ASR in 1988 (9.24/100 000) and 2012 (6.74/100 000). It was predicted that India, Thailand, the United Kingdom, the Czech Republic, Austria, and Japan would be the countries with an increased incidence of OCs in 2030.ConclusionRegional custom is an important factor affecting the incidence of OCs. According to our predictions., it is necessary to control risk factors according to local conditions and enhance screening and education.