bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tertiary lymphoid structures in pulmonary metastases of microsatellite stable colorectal cancer
Authors: Karjula Topias , Niskakangas Anne , Mustonen Olli , Puro Iiris , Elomaa Hanna , Ahtiainen Maarit , Kuopio Teijo , Mecklin Jukka-Pekka , Seppälä Toni T. , Wirta Erkki-Ville , Sihvo Eero , Yannopoulos Fredrik , Helminen Olli , Väyrynen Juha P. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) are ectopic lymphoid aggregates located at sites of chronic inflammation and recognized as prognosticators in several cancers. We aimed to analyse the prognostic effect of TLSs in colorectal cancer (CRC) pulmonary metastases and primary tumours, with a comparison to the CD3+ and CD8+ cell density-based immune cell score (ICS). For TLS density and TLS maximum diameter analysis, 67 pulmonary metastases and 63 primary tumours were stained with haematoxylin and eosin. For ICS scoring and analysis, CD3 and CD8 immunohistochemistry was performed. Excellent interobserver agreement was achieved in all TLS measurements. Of all patients, 36 patients had low TLS density (< 0.222 follicles/mm) and 31 patients had high TLS density (≥ 0.222 follicles/mm) in the first resected pulmonary metastases. TLS density (adjusted HR 0.91, 0.48–1.73) or maximum diameter (adjusted HR 0.78, 0.40–1.51) did not have prognostic value in pulmonary metastases. In primary tumours, higher TLS density (adjusted HR 0.39, 0.18–0.87) and maximum diameter (adjusted HR 0.28, 0.11–0.73) were associated with lower mortality. In the pulmonary metastases, ICS had superior prognostic value to TLSs; however, TLSs and ICS were significantly associated. In conclusion, TLSs in CRC pulmonary metastases had no prognostic value but correlated with the ICS. TLSs in primary tumours associated with favourable prognosis.
IGF1 and PPARG polymorphisms are associated with reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate in a cohort of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes
Authors: Zusi Chiara , Rioda Marco , Maguolo Alice , Emiliani Federica , Unali Ilaria , Costantini Silvia , Corradi Massimiliano , Contreas Giovanna , Morandi Anita , Maffeis Claudio 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Several genetic loci have been associated with diabetic nephropathy; however, the underlying genetic mechanisms are still poorly understood, with no robust candidate genes identified yet.

Aim
We aimed to determine whether two polymorphisms, previously associated with renal decline, influence kidney impairment evaluating their association with markers of renal function in a pediatric population with type 1 diabetes (T1D).

Material and methods
Renal function was evaluated by glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) in a cohort of pediatric subjects with T1D (n = 278). Risk factors for diabetes complications (diabetes duration, blood pressure, HbA1c) were assessed. The IGF1 rs35767 and PPARG rs1801282 SNPs were genotyped by TaqMan RT-PCR system. An additive genetic interaction was calculated. Association analysis between markers of renal function and both SNPs or their additive interaction were performed.

Results
Both SNPs showed a significant association with eGFR: the A allele of rs35767 or the C allele of rs1801282 were associated to reduced eGFR compared to G alleles. Multivariate regression analysis adjusted for age, sex, z-BMI, T1D duration, blood pressure and Hba1c values showed that the additive genetic interaction was independently associated with lower eGFR (β = −3.59 [−6.52 to −0.66], p = 0.017). No associations were detected between SNPs, their additive interaction and ACR.

Conclusions
These results provide new insight into the genetic predisposition to renal dysfunction, showing that two polymorphisms in IGF1 and PPARG genes can lead to a reduction in renal filtration rate leading these patients to be exposed to a higher risk of early renal complications.
Untersuchungen zum Wärmetransport in Schneckengetrieben
Authors: Norgauer P. , Kirsch J. , Hein M. , Stahl K. 
Published: June 2023

ZusammenfassungIm Rahmen dieser Veröffentlichung werden Ergebnisse experimenteller Untersuchungen an tauchgeschmierten Schneckengetrieben präsentiert. Ziel dieser Untersuchungen ist die experimentelle Bestimmung des Wärmestroms aus dem Zahnkontakt sowie die Evaliuerung der aktuell verwendeten rechnerischen Wärmestromaufteilung auf Basis der gemessenen Komponententemperaturen.Weiter wurden im Zuge der durchgeführten Versuche die derzeitigen Einflussfaktoren auf die Temperaturentwicklung innerhalb des Getriebes und den Wärmedurchgang getestet und mit der Normrechnung nach DIN 3996:2019-04 verglichen. Besonderer Fokus liegt hierbei auf der Entwicklung der Ölsumpf‑, Radmassen- sowie der Schneckenmassentemperatur.Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die thermische Berechnung von Getrieben komplex ist, da diese von zahlreichen Parametern beeinflusst wird. Auf Basis der Versuchsergebnisse wird der Einfluss der untersuchten Parameter beurteilt, sodass der aktuelle Stand der Forschung experimentell erweitert und abgesichert wird. Die vorgestellten Ergebnisse bieten darüber hinaus Orientierungswerte für zukünftige Getriebeauslegungen und Forschungsthemen.
Opioids for the management of dyspnea in cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Takagi Yusuke , Sato Junya , Yamamoto Yoshihiro , Matsunuma Ryo , Watanabe Hiroaki , Mori Masanori , Hasegawa Takaaki , Matsuda Yoshinobu , Kako Jun , Kasahara Yoko , Goya Sho , Kohara Hiroyuki , Nakayama Takeo , Yamaguchi Takashi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDyspnea is a prevalent symptom that significantly reduces quality of life of cancer patients. Palliative treatment is necessary when the symptoms do not respond to treatment for their cause. Opioids are widely used as pharmacological therapy, but evidence for individual agents is inconsistent. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of opioids for dyspnea in cancer patients. We searched the CENTRAL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and ICHUSHI for studies using opioids for dyspnea in adult cancer patients reported by September 2019. Screening of the retrieved literature and assessment of risk of bias and outcomes were performed by two independent authors. A meta-analysis was performed on the primary endpoint, relief of dyspnea, and secondary endpoints including quality of life, somnolence as a side effect, and serious adverse events. Twelve randomized controlled trials were evaluated regarding relief of dyspnea. Somnolence and serious adverse events were evaluated in seven and four randomized controlled trials, respectively, but no randomized controlled trials were evaluable for quality of life. Overall, opioids were more effective than placebo for dyspnea (standardized mean difference − 0.43, 95% confidence interval [CI] − 0.75 to – 0.12). Although significant difference was found between systemic morphine and placebo in the drug-specific analysis, no significant difference could be detected in the other analyses. Systemic administration of opioids is more effective than placebo in relieving dyspnea in cancer patients. Robust evidence on the efficacy and safety of opioids on dyspnea in cancer patients is lacking, and further studies are needed.
Interior dynamics of fatou sets
Authors: Hu Mi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we investigate the precise behavior of orbits inside attracting basins. Let f be a holomorphic polynomial of degree $$m\ge 2$$

m
≥
2

in $$\mathbb {C}$$
C
, $$\mathcal {A}(p)$$

A
(
p
)

be the basin of attraction of an attracting fixed point p of f, and $$\Omega _i (i=1, 2, \cdots )$$

Ω
i

(
i
=
1
,
2
,
⋯
)

be the connected components of $$\mathcal {A}(p)$$

A
(
p
)

. Assume $$\Omega _1$$

Ω
1

contains p and $$\{f^{-1}(p)\}\cap \Omega _1\ne \{p\}$$

{

f

-
1

(
p
)

}

∩

Ω
1

≠

{
p
}

. Then there is a constant C so that for every point $$z_0$$

z
0

inside any $$\Omega _i$$

Ω
i

, there exists a point $$q\in \cup _k f^{-k}(p)$$

q
∈

∪
k

f

-
k

(
p
)

inside $$\Omega _i$$

Ω
i

such that $$d_{\Omega _i}(z_0, q)\le C$$

d

Ω
i

(

z
0

,
q
)

≤
C

, where $$d_{\Omega _i}$$

d

Ω
i

is the Kobayashi distance on $$\Omega _i.$$

Ω
i

.

In paper Hu (Dynamics inside parabolic basins, 2022), we proved that this result is not valid for parabolic basins.
Paenibacillus plantiphilus sp. nov. from the plant environment of Zea mays
Authors: Kämpfer Peter , Lipski André , Lamothe Lucie , Clermont Dominique , Criscuolo Alexis , McInroy John A. , Glaeser Stefanie P. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA Gram-strain positive, aerobic, endospore-forming bacterial strain (JJ-246T) was isolated from the rhizosphere of Zea mays. The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity comparisons showed a most closely relationship to Paenibacillus oenotherae DT7-4T (98.4%) and Paenibacillus xanthinolyticus 11N27T (98.0%). The pairwise average nucleotide identity and digital DNA-DNA hybridisation values of the JJ-246T genome assembly against publicly available Paenibacillus type strain genomes were below 82% and 33%, respectively. The draft genome of JJ-246T shared many putative plant-beneficial functions contributing (PBFC) genes, related to plant root colonisation, oxidative stress protection, degradation of aromatic compounds, plant growth-promoting traits, disease resistance, drug and heavy metal resistance, and nutrient acquisition. The quinone system of strain JJ-246T, the polar lipid profile and the major fatty acids were congruent with those reported for members of the genus Paenibacillus. JJ-246T was shown to represent a novel species of the genus Paenibacillus, for which the name Paenibacillus plantiphilus sp. nov. is proposed, with JJ-246T (= LMG 32093T = CCM 9089T = CIP 111893T) as the type strain.
Tutorial: Topology, Waves, and the Refractive Index
Authors: Horsley S. A. R. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis tutorial is divided into two parts: the first examines the application of topology to problems in wave physics. The origins of the Chern number are reviewed, where it is shown that this counts the number of critical points of a complex tangent vector field on the surface. We then show that this quantity arises naturally when calculating the dispersion of modes in any linear system, and give examples of its ap plication to find one–way propagating interface modes in both continuous and periodic materials. The second part offers a physical interpretation for the Chern number, based on the idea that the critical points which it records can be understood as points where the refractive index vanishes. Using the theory of crystal optics, we show that when the refractive index vanishes in acomplex valueddirection, the wave is forced to circulate in only one sense, and this is the origin of the one–way propagation of topological interface states. We conclude by demonstrating that this idea of ‘zero refractive index in a complex direction’ can be used as a shortcut to find acoustic and electromagnetic materials supporting one–way interface states.
RSDFT-NEGF transport simulations in realistic nanoscale transistors
Authors: Mil’nikov Gennady , Iwata Jun-ichi , Mori Nobuya , Oshiyama Atsushi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe paper presents a device simulator for computing transport characteristics from first principles. The developed computer program effectively performs large-scale parallel calculation of quasi-one-dimensional quantum transport in realistic nanoscale devices with thousands of atoms in the cross section area of the device channel. Our simulator is based on the real-space Kohn–Sham Hamiltonian in the density functional theory and improved numerical algorithms for reducing computational burden in non-equilibrium Green’s function (NEGF) method. Several computational improvements have been introduced in constructing a reduced quantum transport model from the original Kohn-Sham Hamiltonian and implementing the R-matrix computational scheme in the NEGF simulations.
REF: A Rapid Exploration Framework for Deploying Autonomous MAVs in Unknown Environments
Authors: Patel Akash , Lindqvist Björn , Kanellakis Christoforos , Agha-mohammadi Ali-akbar , Nikolakopoulos George 
Published: June 2023

AbstractExploration and mapping of unknown environments is a fundamental task in applications for autonomous robots. In this article, we present a complete framework for deploying Micro Aerial Vehicles (MAVs) in autonomous exploration missions in unknown subterranean areas. The main motive of exploration algorithms is to depict the next best frontier for the MAV such that new ground can be covered in a fast, safe yet efficient manner. The proposed framework uses a novel frontier selection method that also contributes to the safe navigation of autonomous MAVs in obstructed areas such as subterranean caves, mines, and urban areas. The framework presented in this work bifurcates the exploration problem in local and global exploration. The proposed exploration framework is also adaptable according to computational resources available onboard the MAV which means the trade-off between the speed of exploration and the quality of the map can be made. Such capability allows the proposed framework to be deployed in subterranean exploration and mapping as well as in fast search and rescue scenarios. The performance of the proposed framework is evaluated in detailed simulation studies with comparisons made against a high-level exploration-planning framework developed for the DARPA Sub-T challenge as it will be presented in this article.
Causal pluralism: agent causation without the panicky metaphysics
Authors: Martinez Joseph 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAn important divide in the free will literature—one that is arguably almost as common as the distinction between compatibilism and incompatibilism—concerns the distinction between event and substance causation. As the story typically goes, event-causalists maintain that an action is free only if it is caused by appropriate mental events, and agent-causalists maintain that an action is free only if it is caused directly by a substance (the agent). This paper argues that this dichotomy is a false one. It does this by introducing a new view called Causal Pluralism, which maintains that free will is compatible with both event and substance causation. Furthermore, it is argued that agent-causalists have good reason to adopt Causal Pluralism, and also that that the view has interesting implications for the free will dialectic.
Metabolic signature of cervical mucus in ewe breeds with divergent cervical sperm transport: a focus on metabolites involved in amino acid metabolism
Authors: Abril-Parreño Laura , Druart Xavier , Fair Sean , Krogenaes Anette 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Cervical artificial insemination (AI) with frozen-thawed semen in sheep has yielded unacceptably low pregnancy rates. The exception is in Norway where vaginal AI yields non-return rates in excess of 60%, which has been attributed to the ewe breed used.

Objectives and methods
This study aimed to characterise, for the first time, the ovine follicular phase cervical mucus metabolome, with a focus on the amino acid profile. Cervical mucus was collected from four European ewe breeds with known differences in pregnancy rates following cervical AI with frozen-thawed semen. These were Suffolk (low fertility), Belclare (medium fertility), Norwegian White Sheep (NWS) and Fur (both high fertility).

Results
A total of 689 metabolites were identified in the cervical mucus of all the four ewe breeds. Of these, 458 metabolites were altered by ewe breed, which had the greatest effect in the dataset (P < 0.05). We detected 194 metabolites involved in the amino acid pathway, of which 133, 56 and 63 were affected by ewe breed, type of cycle and their interaction, respectively (P < 0.05). N-methylhydantoin and N-carbamoylsarcosine (degradation products of creatinine pathway) exhibited the greatest fold change decrease in the Suffolk breed compared to Fur and NWS (P < 0.001). Oxidized metabolites were also decreased in Suffolk compared to high fertility breeds (P < 0.05). In contrast, other metabolites such as 3-indoxyl-sulfate, putrescine, cadaverine were significantly increased in Suffolk at the synchronised cycle.

Conclusion
The suboptimal amino acid profile in the cervical mucus of the low fertility Suffolk breed may have negative consequences for sperm transport.
Veterans Health Administration Outpatient Psychiatry Staffing Model: Longitudinal Analysis on Mental Health Performance
Authors: Smith Clifford , Boden Matthew , Trafton Jodie 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
An adequate supply of mental health (MH) professionals is necessary to provide timely access to MH services. Veterans Health Administration (VHA) continues to prioritize the expansion of the MH workforce to meet increasing demand for services.

Objective
Validated staffing models are essential to ensure timely access to care, to plan for future demand, to ensure delivery of high-quality care, and to balance the demands of fiscal responsibility and strategic priorities.

Design
Longitudinal retrospective cohort of VHA outpatient psychiatry, fiscal years 2016–2021.

Participants
Outpatient VHA psychiatrists.

Main Measures
Quarterly outpatient staff-to-patient ratios (SPRs), defined as the number of full-time equivalent clinically assigned providers per 1000 veterans receiving outpatient MH care, were calculated. Longitudinal recursive partitioning models were created to identify optimal cut-offs for the outpatient psychiatry SPR associated with success on VHA’s measures of quality, access, and satisfaction.

Key Results
Among outpatient psychiatry staff, the root node identified an outpatient SPR of 1.09 for overall performance (p < 0.001). For metrics associated with Population Coverage, a root node identified an SPR of 1.36 (p < 0.001). Metrics associated with continuity of care and satisfaction were associated with a root node of 1.10 and 1.07 (p < 0.001), respectively. In all analyses, the lowest SPRs were associated with the lowest group performance on VHA MH metrics of interest.

Conclusions
Establishing validated staffing models associated with high-quality MH care is critical given the national psychiatry shortage and increasing demand for services. Analyses support VHA’s current recommended minimum outpatient psychiatry-specific SPR of 1.22 as a reasonable target to provide high-quality care, access, and satisfaction.
The additive effect of vitamin K supplementation and bisphosphonate on fracture risk in post-menopausal osteoporosis: a randomised placebo controlled trial
Authors: Moore Amelia E. , Dulnoan Dwight , Voong Kieran , Ayis Salma , Mangelis Anastasios , Gorska Renata , Harrington Dominic J. , Tang Jonathan C. Y. , Fraser William D. , Hampson Geeta 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Summary

This study assessed whether vitamin K, given with oral bisphosphonate, calcium and/or vitamin D has an additive effect on fracture risk in post-menopausal women with osteoporosis. No difference in bone density or bone turnover was observed although vitamin K1 supplementation led to a modest effect on parameters of hip geometry.

Purpose
Some clinical studies have suggested that vitamin K prevents bone loss and may improve fracture risk. The aim was to assess whether vitamin K supplementation has an additive effect on bone mineral density (BMD), hip geometry and bone turnover markers (BTMs) in post-menopausal women with osteoporosis (PMO) and sub-optimum vitamin K status receiving bisphosphonate, calcium and/or vitamin D treatment.

Methods
We conducted a trial in 105 women aged 68.7[12.3] years with PMO and serum vitamin K1 ≤ 0.4 µg/L. They were randomised to 3 treatment arms; vitamin K1 (1 mg/day) arm, vitamin K2 arm (MK-4; 45 mg/day) or placebo for 18 months. They were on oral bisphosphonate and calcium and/or vitamin D. We measured BMD by DXA, hip geometry parameters using hip structural analysis (HSA) software and BTMs. Vitamin K1 or MK-4 supplementation was each compared to placebo. Intention to treat (ITT) and per protocol (PP) analyses were performed.

Results
Changes in BMD at the total hip, femoral neck and lumbar spine and BTMs; CTX and P1NP did not differ significantly following either K1 or MK-4 supplementation compared to placebo. Following PP analysis and correction for covariates, there were significant differences in some of the HSA parameters at the intertrochanter (IT) and femoral shaft (FS): IT endocortical diameter (ED) (% change placebo:1.5 [4.1], K1 arm: -1.02 [5.07], p = 0.04), FS subperiosteal/outer diameter (OD) (placebo: 1.78 [5.3], K1 arm: 0.46 [2.23] p = 0.04), FS cross sectional area (CSA) (placebo:1.47 [4.09],K1 arm: -1.02[5.07], p = 0.03).

Conclusion
The addition of vitamin K1 to oral bisphosphonate with calcium and/or vitamin D treatment in PMO has a modest effect on parameters of hip geometry. Further confirmatory studies are needed.

Trial registration
The study was registered at Clinicaltrial.gov:NCT01232647.
Light-chain cardiac amyloidosis for the non-expert: pearls and pitfalls
Authors: De Michieli Laura , Sinigiani Giulio , De Gaspari Monica , Branca Antonio , Rizzo Stefania , Basso Cristina , Trentin Livio , Iliceto Sabino , Perazzolo Marra Martina , Cipriani Alberto , Berno Tamara 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCardiac amyloidosis (CA) is an uncommon, progressive, and fatal disease; the two main forms that can affect the heart are transthyretin CA and light chain CA (AL-CA). AL-CA is a medical urgency for which a diagnostic delay can be catastrophic for patients’ outcome. In this manuscript, we focus on the pearls and pitfalls that are relevant to achieve a correct diagnosis and to avoid diagnostic and therapeutical delays. Through the aid of three unfortunate clinical cases, some fundamental diagnostic aspects are addressed, including the following: first, a negative bone scintigraphy does not exclude CA, with patients with AL-CA frequently showing no or mild cardiac uptake, and its execution should not delay hematological tests; second, fat pad biopsy does not have a 100% sensitivity for AL amyloidosis and, if negative, further investigations should be performed, particularly if the pre-test probability is high. Third, Congo Red staining is not sufficient to reach a definitive diagnosis and amyloid fibrils typing with mass spectrometry, immunohistochemistry, or immunoelectron microscopy is crucial. To achieve a timely and correct diagnosis, all the necessary investigations must be performed, always considering the yield and diagnostic accuracy of each examination.
Uptake rates and attitudes to influenza and COVID-19 vaccination in pregnancy – a prospective cohort study
Authors: Kelly Sarah M. , Bracken Orla , Bholah Tariq , Crosby David A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractInfluenza and COVID-19 are highly prevalent RNA viruses. Pregnancy increases the frequency of severe maternal morbidity and mortality associated with these viruses. Vaccination plays an important role in protecting pregnant women and their infants from adverse outcomes. In this prospective study, we aimed to determine the vaccination uptake rate for influenza and COVID-19 in a pregnant population and to explore reasons why women remained unvaccinated. A prospective cohort study was conducted over a two-week period in December 2022 in the National Maternity Hospital, Dublin. There were 588 women surveyed over the 2-week period. Overall, 377 (57%) were vaccinated that year for seasonal influenza, a significant rise from 39% in a similar study in 2016. The majority (n = 488, 83%) of women reported receiving at least one COVID-19 vaccine. However only 132 (22%) received a COVID-19 vaccine in pregnancy, despite 76% (n = 466) stating they would be happy to receive it. Factors such as age, obesity, co-morbidities, ethnic group, and type of antenatal care received were shown to influence vaccination rates. We recommend that the importance of vaccination be stressed regularly to eligible patients at their antenatal clinic visits and where possible combining influenza/COVID-19 vaccination on the same day to improve uptake.