bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New advances in prediction and surveillance of preeclampsia: role of machine learning approaches and remote monitoring
Authors: Hackelöer Max , Schmidt Leon , Verlohren Stefan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPreeclampsia, a multisystem disorder in pregnancy, is still one of the main causes of maternal morbidity and mortality. Due to a lack of a causative therapy, an accurate prediction of women at risk for the disease and its associated adverse outcomes is of utmost importance to tailor care. In the past two decades, there have been successful improvements in screening as well as in the prediction of the disease in high-risk women. This is due to, among other things, the introduction of biomarkers such as the sFlt-1/PlGF ratio. Recently, the traditional definition of preeclampsia has been expanded based on new insights into the pathophysiology and conclusive evidence on the ability of angiogenic biomarkers to improve detection of preeclampsia-associated maternal and fetal adverse events.However, with the widespread availability of digital solutions, such as decision support algorithms and remote monitoring devices, a chance for a further improvement of care arises. Two lines of research and application are promising: First, on the patient side, home monitoring has the potential to transform the traditional care pathway. The importance of the ability to input and access data remotely is a key learning from the COVID-19 pandemic. Second, on the physician side, machine-learning-based decision support algorithms have been shown to improve precision in clinical decision-making. The integration of signals from patient-side remote monitoring devices into predictive algorithms that power physician-side decision support tools offers a chance to further improve care.The purpose of this review is to summarize the recent advances in prediction, diagnosis and monitoring of preeclampsia and its associated adverse outcomes. We will review the potential impact of the ability to access to clinical data via remote monitoring. In the combination of advanced, machine learning-based risk calculation and remote monitoring lies an unused potential that allows for a truly patient-centered care.
Structural design of patient-specific vascular ring stents
Authors: Andrianov I. V. , Awrejcewicz J. , Diskovsky A. A. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe expediency of replacing the corrugated ring of a vascular stent with a constant corrugation pitch by a corrugated ring of variable pitch is being investigated. To describe the change in pitch of corrugation, a special function is introduced. The equilibrium and deformation equations were analyzed using the asymptotic homogenization method. The dependence of the radial stiffness of a corrugated ring with a variable pitch of corrugation on the constructive parameters is obtained. The effectiveness of the design under consideration is evaluated by the area of the lumen provided by the vascular stent. Compared to stents with regularly corrugated rings, this area is larger which improves the ring stent efficiency.
Performance optimization of computing task scheduling based on the Hadoop big data platform
Authors: Li Yang , Hei Xinhong 
Published: December 2022

AbstractHadoop, a distributed computing framework that can efficiently process large-scale datasets, has been used by an increasing number of organizations as the basic computing framework to build cloud computing platforms. Improving its execution efficiency is a hot research direction in the industry, and the scheduling problem is a key factor affecting the execution efficiency of Hadoop. It is very important to identify its shortcomings and improve them. This paper examines and analyses the optimization of computing task scheduling performance based on the Hadoop big data platform. This paper first analyses Hadoop big data processing. Hadoop has high scalability. Computing nodes can be added at any time, and they can participate in cluster work through simple configuration. The paper discusses the improvement in the Hadoop resource scheduling algorithm. The task scheduling algorithm in the Hadoop-based data task localization proposed in this paper is compared with the default algorithm used in the Hadoop task scheduling algorithm. The former shows better local data in all four jobs, there are more data localization tasks, and the expected goal is achieved. The effectiveness of the algorithm is verified, and the performance is improved by 30%.
Resting-State Functional Networks Correlate with Motor Performance in a Complex Visuomotor Task: An EEG Microstate Pilot Study on Healthy Individuals
Authors: Penalver-Andres Joaquin A. , Buetler Karin A. , Koenig Thomas , Müri René M. , Marchal-Crespo Laura 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDeveloping motor and cognitive skills is needed to achieve expert (motor) performance or functional recovery from a neurological condition, e.g., after stroke. While extensive practice plays an essential role in the acquisition of good motor performance, it is still unknown whether certain person-specific traits may predetermine the rate of motor learning. In particular, learners’ functional brain organisation might play an important role in appropriately performing motor tasks. In this paper, we aimed to study how two critical cognitive brain networks—the Attention Network (AN) and the Default Mode Network (DMN)—affect the posterior motor performance in a complex visuomotor task: virtual surfing. We hypothesised that the preactivation of the AN would affect how participants divert their attention towards external stimuli, resulting in robust motor performance. Conversely, the excessive involvement of the DMN—linked to internally diverted attention and mind-wandering—would be detrimental for posterior motor performance. We extracted seven widely accepted microstates—representing participants mind states at rest—out of the Electroencephalography (EEG) resting-state recordings of 36 healthy volunteers, prior to execution of the virtual surfing task. By correlating neural biomarkers (microstates) and motor behavioural metrics, we confirmed that the preactivation of the posterior DMN was correlated with poor posterior performance in the motor task. However, we only found a non-significant association between AN preactivation and the posterior motor performance. In this EEG study, we propose the preactivation of the posterior DMN—imaged using EEG microstates—as a neural trait related to poor posterior motor performance. Our findings suggest that the role of the executive control system is to preserve an homeostasis between the AN and the DMN. Therefore, neurofeedback-based downregulation of DMN preactivation could help optimise motor training.
Improvidence, Precaution, and the Logical-Empirical Disconnect in UK Health Policy
Authors: Parsons Jordan A. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe last decade has seen significant developments in UK health policy, with are largely claimed to be evidence based. However, such a characterisation ought, in many cases, to be questioned. Policies can be broadly understood as based primarily on either a logical or empirical case. In the absence of relevant empirical evidence, policymakers understandably appeal to logical cases. Once such evidence is available, however, it can inform policy and enable the logical case to be set aside. Such a linear policy process is not always the reality, and logical cases often continue to guide policy decisions in direct opposition to empirical evidence. In this paper, I discuss two recent examples of this disconnect between logical and empirical cases in UK health policy. The first—organ donation—illustrates an example of a significant policy change being made in opposition to the evidence. I refer to this as the improvidence approach. The second—abortion—provides an example of policymakers not making a change that has extensive supporting data. I refer to this using the more recognisable language of the precautionary approach. Ultimately, I argue that both the improvidence and precautionary approaches are examples of problematic public policy where policymakers provide no explicit justification for going against the evidence.
Entrepreneurial networks, geographical proximity, and their relationship to firm growth: a study of 241 small high-tech firms
Authors: Löfsten Hans , Isaksson Anders , Rannikko Heikki 
Published: December 2022

AbstractStart-up firms in high-tech sectors normally engage in networking to overcome their lack of resources, knowledge, and competence constraints. A newly established firm’s network can provide a source of social capital, which may enhance its growth prospects. In this study, 241 new technology-based firms (NTBFs) in Sweden are studied during their early formative years to investigate how entrepreneurial networks and the geographical proximity to actors in these networks affect the early performance of these firms in terms of growth. Three underlying factors are identified in the analysis: geographical proximity and professional and consultative networks. This study finds that professional networks have a positive and significant effect on NTBFs’ growth, which indicate that utilizing these networks benefit the growth of both young and growing firms. NTBFs in initial stages can acquire business opportunities by constructing professional networks. In addition, several formal links positively affect growth, such as regional business partners, incubator networks, and links to universities.
Conventional and emerging treatments of astrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas
Authors: Kessler Tobias , Ito Jakob , Wick Wolfgang , Wick Antje 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Astrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas are mainly diffuse primary brain tumors harboring a diagnostic and prognostically favorable isocitrate dehydrogenase mutation. They are still incurable besides growing molecular knowledge and therapy options. Circumscribed astrocytomas are also discussed here, although they represent a separate entity despite similarities in the nomenclature.

Methods
We reviewed clinical trials, preclinical approaches as well as guideline recommendations form the major scientific Neuro-Oncology organizations for astrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas according to PRISMA guidelines.

Results
After histopathological diagnosis and eventually a maximal safe resection, patients with good prognostic factors may be followed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). If further treatment is necessary, either after diagnosis or at progression, diffuse astrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas are mainly treated with combined radiochemotherapy or maximal safe resection followed by combined radiochemotherapy according to current guidelines based on randomized trials. Circumscribed gliomas like pilocytic astrocytomas, CNS WHO grade 1, or pleomorphic xanthoastrocytomas, CNS WHO grade 2, are often treated with surgery alone. Current approaches for therapy optimization include decision of the best chemotherapy regimen. The IDH mutation presents a rational target for small molecule inhibition and immune therapy in diffuse astrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas, while the BRAF pathway is frequently mutated and treatable in circumscribed gliomas.

Conclusion
Despite establishment of standard treatment approaches for gliomas that include resection, radio- and chemotherapy, there is a lack of effective treatments for progressive disease. Immune- and targeted therapies are currently investigated.
Analyse contrastive des textes de décisions judiciaires en la langue française, allemande et polonaise
Authors: Flöter-Durr Margarete , Nowak-Korcz Paulina 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis article deals with the notion of jurisdictional discourse, which, as a specific type of complex discourse, always poses a real challenge to translators. The authors present a contrastive analysis of the texts of legal decisions in French, German and Polish in order to demonstrate the difficulties in translation and the consequences which they entail, and to suggest a strategy for overcoming them. Firstly, the authors briefly compare the texts of judicial decisions indicating their characteristics both in terms of the macrostructure of the text and in terms of syntactic and lexical units. Secondly, they explain the origin of the difficulties in translation resulting from the qualitative differences of the legal systems. Thirdly, the different types of difficulties are described and illustrated by practical examples, in order to make experienced translators and apprentice translators sensitive to them. The corpus used for the analysis consists of the integral and documented texts of the French, German and Polish judgments rendered in matters of civil law [37]. It should also be noted that the analyzed texts are comparable texts, which are a valuable tool for translators and allow them to acquire means of expression that are as natural as possible [40]. Regarding the methodology, the authors adopt for the analysis the contrastive method, borrowed from the theory of cultural transfer [15].
Coercion, voluntary exchange, and the Austrian School of Economics
Authors: Megger Dawid , Wysocki Igor 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this paper we analyse the concept of coerced exchange (and partly of voluntary exchange inasmuch as the absence of coercion is its necessary condition), which is of utmost importance to economic theory in general and to the Austrian School of Economics in particular. The subject matter literature normally assumes that a coerced action occurs under threat. Threats in turn can be studied from the perspective of speech act theory, which is concerned with the speaker’s intentions. Ultimately, our goal is to provide a descriptive (i.e. non-moralized) definitions of threat and coercion, based on the analysis of the coercer’s intentions. If successful, we would be in a position to present such an account of coerced and voluntary exchanges that is compatible with both speech act theory and the Austrian methodology. Although we focus on the Austrian School of Economics, we believe that our investigations might impact on economic theory in general. We also criticize a rights-based account of coercion employed in the research practice of some neo-Austrians and based on the libertarian ethic of property rights.
Establishment and validation of a prediction model for the first recurrence of Budd–Chiari syndrome after endovascular treatment: a large sample size, single-center retrospective study
Authors: Wang Zhongkai , Wang Ziwei , Zhang Zhiyuan , Li Jiandong , Pan Zhiyang , Liu Ang , Lu Jian , Guo Jinhe , Zu Maoheng , Xu Hao 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Objective
To investigate the independent risk factors for the first recurrence after endovascular management in patients with Budd–Chiari syndrome (BCS), and to establish a prediction model for predicting recurrence in target patients.

Methods
BCS patients who underwent endovascular treatment in the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from January 2010 to December 2015 were retrospectively examined, with their clinical, laboratory test, and imaging data collected and analyzed. Independent risk factors for recurrence were identified, and a prediction model was established and validated.

Results
A total of 450 patients met the filtering criteria, and 102 recurred during the follow-up. The median follow-up time was 87 months, ranging from 1 to 137 months. The 1-, 3-, 5- and 10-year cumulative recurrence rate was 9.11% (6.41–11.73%), 17.35% (13.77–20.78%), 20.10% (16.30–23.72%), and 23.06% (18.86–27.04%), respectively. Liver cirrhosis, ascites, thrombosis, and all the main intrahepatic drainage veins obstructed (obstructed HV + AHV) are independent risk factors, while age is an independent protective factor. The prediction model was named MRBET. Based on the model, the risk score of each patient equals (−0.385981 * Age/10) + (0.0404184 * PT) + (0.0943423 * CRE/10) + (0.0157053 * LDH/10) + (0.592179 * LC) + (0.896034 * Ascites) + (0.691346 * Thrombosis) + (0.886741 * obstructed HV + AHV), and those in the high-risk group (risk score ≥ 1.57) were more likely to recur than those in the low-risk group (HR = 6.911, p < 0.001). The MRBET model is also available as a web tool at https://mrbet.shinyapps.io/dynnomapp.

Conclusion
Liver cirrhosis, ascites, thrombosis, and obstructed HV + AHV are independent risk factors for the first recurrence; age is an independent protective factor. The prediction model can effectively and conveniently predict the risk of recurrence and screen out patients at a high recurrence risk.
Evidence-based capacity of natural cytochrome enzyme inhibitors to increase the effectivity of antineoplastic drugs
Authors: Manthalkar Laxmi , Ajazuddin  , Bhattacharya Sankha 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Cytochrome (CYP) enzymes catalyze the metabolism of numerous exogenous and endogenous substrates in cancer therapy leading to significant drug interactions due to their metabolizing effect. CYP enzymes play an important role in the metabolism of essential anticancer medications. They are shown to be overexpressed in tumor cells at numerous locations in the body. This overexpression could be a result of lifestyle factors, presence of hereditary variants of CYP (Bio individuality) and multi-drug resistance. This finding has sparked an interest in using CYP inhibitors to lower their metabolizing activity as a result facilitating anti-cancer medications to have a therapeutic impact. As a result of the cytotoxic nature of synthetic enzyme inhibitors and the increased prevalence of herbal medication, natural CYP inhibitors have been identified as an excellent way to inhibit overexpression sighting their tendency to show less cytotoxicity, lesser adverse drug reactions and enhanced bioavailability. Nonetheless, their effect of lowering the hindrance caused in chemotherapy due to CYP enzymes remains unexploited to its fullest. It has been observed that there is a substantial decrease in first pass metabolism and increase in intestinal absorption of chemotherapeutic drugs like paclitaxel when administered along with flavonoids which help suppress certain specific cytochrome enzymes which play a role in paclitaxel metabolism. This review elaborates on the role and scope of phytochemicals in primary, secondary and tertiary care and how targeted prevention of cancer could be a breakthrough in the field of chemotherapy and oncology. This opens up a whole new area of research for delivery of these natural inhibitors along with anticancer drugs with the help of liposomes, micelles, nanoparticles, the usage of liquid biopsy analysis, artificial intelligence in medicine, risk assessment tools, multi-omics and multi-parametric analysis. Further, the site of action, mechanisms, metabolites involved, experimental models, doses and observations of two natural compounds, quercetin & thymoquinone, and two plant extracts, liquorice & garlic on CYP enzymes have been summarized.

Graphical Abstract
Fabrication of an erbium–ytterbium-doped waveguide amplifier at communication wavelengths for integrated optics applications
Authors: Mirhosseini Shaghayegh , Kazemikhah Payman , Aghababa Hossein , Kolahdouz Mohammadreza 
Published: December 2022

AbstractErbium–ytterbium-doped waveguide amplifiers provide a considerable gain at telecom wavelengths, low noise, nonlinearity, and compatibility with optical networks, making it an outstanding amplification module for telecommunication systems. This study reports on the fabrication of an optical waveguide amplifier for integrated optics. The signal can be amplified by using rare-earth dopings such as erbium (Er), which works at telecommunication wavelengths, i.e., 1.55 μm. Er-doped phosphate glass waveguides can be deposited using the sol–gel method, which is convenient for preparing active films on several substrates. The Er concentration was 1–2 × 1020/cm3. The confinement and the gain of the waveguide can be increased by reducing the width of the waveguide to 0.5 μm. In such a case, more than 1dB net gain can be achieved without additional pump power. The other material used as a dopant in optical amplifiers is ytterbium (Yb). For Er energy levels, a more significant pump intensity is necessary for inversion due to the limited absorption cross-section. This issue is solved by including a substance with a large absorption cross-section that transfers energy to Er. The Ag–Na ion exchange process is then used to fabricate the buried waveguide. In such a process, ions trade between the core material and the molten salt. Then, the waveguide is immersed in the molten salt. The fabricated waveguide has low loss, and a net gain of around 2 dB at a wavelength of approximately 1.55 μm in Er:Yb:Al: phospho silicate glass is achieved. The focus of the research is on the fabrication procedure (materials and methods) of the waveguide.
A Hybrid Picture Fuzzy Similarity Measure and Improved VIKOR Method
Authors: Li Linyu , Chen Zichun , Jiang Xiaowei 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPicture fuzzy set (PFS) can intuitively express the answers of “yes”, “neutral”, “no” and “reject”, which have strong advantages in solving uncertain information. The similarity measure is an effective tool to determine the relationship between two picture fuzzy sets (PFSs). In this paper, we propose a hybrid picture fuzzy (PF) similarity measure which combines the Hamming distance and the transformed tetrahedral centroid distance and verifies that it satisfies the four properties of the similarity measure. The proposed and existing picture fuzzy similarity measures are compared and investigated through numerical examples and some applications of pattern recognition. The results show that the proposed similarity measure not only produces no unreasonable results, but also overcomes the shortcomings of the existing similarity measures. Furthermore, we investigate an improved VIKOR method based on the proposed similarity measure of PFS. Finally, through an example, several multi-attribute decision-making (MADM) methods are compared and analyzed to illustrate the effectiveness and practicability of the improved VIKOR method.
Research on the Recognition Method of the Axle End Mark of a Train Wheelset Based on Machine Vision
Authors: He Yuchun , Liu Dezhi , Zeng Yong , Lu Qian , Yao Suheng , Yuan Yuxin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWhether the wheelset of a high-speed train has defects such as cracks is very important to the safety of high-speed trains. Hence, the wheelset must be regularly inspected for flaws. For flaw detection of a wheelset, it is necessary to record the axle end information of the wheelset to correlate with the flaw detection results. To quickly and accurately identify the axle end mark of the wheelset, an automatic identification method based on machine vision is proposed. Our method identifies seven types of marks on the axle end, including the smelting number, steel grade number, unit number, sequence number, year and month, axle type mark, and the azimuth mark. Using the established automatic identification method of axle end marks, based on Retinex theory, an improved dual-core Laplacian combined with Gaussian filtering operation is proposed to solve the problem of the low contrast of the wheelset axle end image. An improved image tilt correction algorithm based on the combination of Hough circle detection and bilinear interpolation is proposed, which solves the angle tilt problem of the target character area of the axis end image. To handle the various types of axis end markers and the small amount of data, a retraining method to improve recognition accuracy is proposed. This method first uses Chi_Sim as the basic font for training and then retrains based on the trained font. Finally, Tesseract-OCR is used to improve the accuracy of the recognition results. Experiments are carried out by developing an automatic recognition program for axle end marks. The results show that the proposed method can effectively identify and classify seven-character types, and the recognition accuracy reaches 96.88% while the recognition time of each image is 5.88 s.