bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanismen der pathologischen Pigmentbleichung bei Pflanzen
Authors: Osswald W. F. , Elstner E. F. 
Published: March 2023

ZusammenfassungViele pathologische Pigmentbleichungen sind oxidative Prozesse. In einer Reihe von Simulationsversuchen und Modellreaktionen wurden die Grundbedingungen für die Auslösung dieser Prozesse studiert und mit „in vivo” Meßdaten verglichen. Bei den verwendeten oxidativen Bedingungen, unter denen Pigmente gebleicht werden, handelt es sich um chemische, enzymkatalysierte und lichtabhängige Oxidationen, wobei der Singulettsauerstoff, neben weiteren reaktiven Sauerstoffspezies eine herausragende Rolle spielt. Ausgelöst werden solche Pigmentbleichungen unabhängig davon, ob der „aktivierte Sauerstoff” außerhalb oder innerhalb der Thylakoidmembranen erzeugt wird, wobei jedoch die zugrunde liegenden Mechanismen unterschiedlich sind. Parallel zur Pigmentbleichung wird grundsätzlich eine Oxidation von Lipiden gemessen; wird primär eine Lipidperoxidation induziert, so ist die Pigmentbleichung als Kooxidation von Lipiden zu sehen.Mit Hilfe der empfindlichen HPLC‐Technik wurden Kinetiken der Bleichraten von Chlorophyll a, Chlorophyll b, β‐Karotin, Neoxanthin, Violaxanthin und Lutein gemessen. Die schnellsten Bleichungsraten werden unter Bedingungen erzielt, die einen stark limitierten Elektronenfluß hervorrufen.Die erzielten Ergebnisse erlauben den Vergleich mit „in vivo” Beobachtungen. Es können Rückschlüsse über die basalen Mechanismen der virus‐ bzw. pilzbedingten Vergilbung von Zuckerrüben sowie der Vergilbung von Fichtennadeln gezogen werden.
Variability of blood pressure and risk of postoperative acute kidney injury in patients undergoing surgery for acute aortic dissection: A 11‐year single‐center study
Authors: Li Yan , Zheng Tingting , Zhu Jianfei , Chen Yanjun , Chen Yun , Sun Shuai 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn patients receiving surgery, increased blood pressure variability may contribute to the onset of acute kidney injury (AKI). However, the extent and significance of blood pressure variability in patients undergoing aortic dissection surgery have yet to be determined. The authors analyzed all patients operated for aortic dissection at Peking University Shenzhen Hospital from January 1, 2011 to December 31, 2021. Preoperative blood pressure variability was expressed as standard deviation, coefficient of variation (CV), and range. The primary outcome was postoperative AKI. After multivariate analysis, systolic blood pressure variability was found to be independently associated with AKI after aortic dissection surgery. The odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for standard deviation, CV, and systolic blood pressure range were 1.232 (1.011–1.500), 1.451 (1.058–1.991), and 1.138 (0.986–1.288) for postoperative AKI, respectively. However, there was no significant relationship between diastolic blood pressure variability and AKI after aortic dissection surgery. Finally, in patients undergoing surgery for aortic dissection, the variability of systolic blood pressure is actually an important factor in the development of AKI.
Stimulatory effect of imeglimin on incretin secretion
Authors: Yingyue Quan , Sugawara Kenji , Takahashi Harumi , Yokoi Norihide , Ohbayashi Kento , Iwasaki Yusaku , Seino Susumu , Ogawa Wataru 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTAims/IntroductionImeglimin is a new antidiabetic drug structurally related to metformin. Despite this structural similarity, only imeglimin augments glucose‐stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS), with the mechanism underlying this effect remaining unclear. Given that glucose‐dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1) also enhance GSIS, we examined whether these incretin hormones might contribute to the pharmacological actions of imeglimin.Materials and MethodsBlood glucose and plasma insulin, GIP, and GLP‐1 concentrations were measured during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) performed in C57BL/6JJcl (C57BL/6) or KK‐Ay/TaJcl (KK‐Ay) mice after administration of a single dose of imeglimin with or without the dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitor sitagliptin or the GLP‐1 receptor antagonist exendin‐9. The effects of imeglimin, with or without GIP or GLP‐1, on GSIS were examined in C57BL/6 mouse islets.ResultsImeglimin lowered blood glucose and increased plasma insulin levels during an OGTT in both C57BL/6 and KK‐Ay mice, whereas it also increased the plasma levels of GIP and GLP‐1 in KK‐Ay mice and the GLP‐1 levels in C57BL/6 mice. The combination of imeglimin and sitagliptin increased plasma insulin and GLP‐1 levels during the OGTT in KK‐Ay mice to a markedly greater extent than did either drug alone. Imeglimin enhanced GSIS in an additive manner with GLP‐1, but not with GIP, in mouse islets. Exendin‐9 had only a minor inhibitory effect on the glucose‐lowering action of imeglimin during the OGTT in KK‐Ay mice.ConclusionsOur data suggest that the imeglimin‐induced increase in plasma GLP‐1 levels likely contributes at least in part to its stimulatory effect on insulin secretion.
Infrared drying kinetics of Capsicum annuum L. var. glabriusculum (Piquin pepper) and mathematical modeling
Authors: Ovando‐Medina Víctor M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this work, the dehydration kinetics of Capsicum annuum L. var. glabriusculum (Piquin pepper) was studied at three different temperatures (70°C, 80°C, and 90°C) during infrared drying using a moisture analyzer. A mathematical model was used to predict the experimental data, which are related to the apparent effective moisture diffusivity coefficient (Deff). It was observed that by increasing the drying temperature from 70°C to 90°C, drying time decreased from 160 to 70 min, taking place in the falling rate stage; however, browning of the product was observed at 90°C. Piquin pepper's initial free‐water percentage was found to be 96.4% w/w. Experimental drying behavior agrees well with the single‐layer Gruintal–Santos model that was related to Deff obtaining values in the interval of 1.53 × 10−10 to 3.23 × 10−10 m2/s increasing with the temperature, which is comparable with reported values for similar drying processes of peppers. From 70°C to 90°C, the initial free water ranged from 4.72 to 4.88 kg of free water/kg of dry solid, while equilibrium free water changed from .2093 to .0526 kg of free water/kg of dry solid. The activation energy was estimated as 38.812 kJ/mol.Practical applicationsDrying kinetics and moisture diffusivity coefficient have not been reported for Capsicum annuum L. var. glabriusculum (piquin pepper). In this work, we report the infrared kinetics drying and its mathematical modeling to estimate the moisture diffusivity coefficient as a function of drying temperatures. The results of Deff can be used for the large‐scale dryer design.
The impact of coffee origin information on sensory and hedonic judgment of fine Amazonian robusta coffee
Authors: Manfrin Artêncio Mateus , Cassago Alvaro Luis Lamas , da Silva Renata Kelly , Carvalho Fabiana M. , Da Costa Fernando Batista , Rocha Marina Toledo Lourenção , de Moura Engracia Giraldi Janaina 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThrough the lens of predictive processing theory, perception is shaped by expectations we create about object information, including food products, and their match/mismatch with sensory stimuli. The popularity of labelling origin information to enhance product value has been spread to high‐quality foods, particularly as geographical indication (GI). The question we propose is whether the coffee's origin information can affect the sensory perception and hedonic judgment given by professional coffee tasters. Participants were divided into groups according to GI cue provision (absent, GI cue, GI storytelling) associated to the coffee sample served. Origin information proved to significantly affect participants' sensory perception, but not hedonic judgment. Precisely, participants judged acidity and overall flavor as more intense after reading the story whereas higher ratings of nutty, cacao, and caramel notes were given when origin was absent. It is likely that, origin and sorytelling influenced participants' expectations and sensory perception. Oppositely, a better perception of flavor notes was observed only in the absence of information.Practical applicationsThis study contributes to the literature of food marketing by showing that professional coffee tasters' sensory evaluations of specialty coffee are affected by product origin and how it is communicated. These findings emphasize the relevance of origin cues in food marketing and their potential on influencing expectations and sensory perception. Coffee companies and brands can benefit from communicating the origin of specialty coffee by building strategies on place reputation and image. Considering that the specialty coffee industry is growing fast and offers a variety of product options (e.g., organic, fair trade, award winner), new coffee varieties and recently registered GIs can disclose the origin cue to capture consumers' attention and enhance product value by referring to the uniqueness of a region. Additionally, different coffee profiles could be matched with different presentations of the origin cue in order to potentially enhance the consumers' perception of the beverage's attributes, improving the drinking experience.
Bronchoalveolar lavage hemosiderosis in lightly active or sedentary horses
Authors: Mahalingam‐Dhingra Ananya , Bedenice Daniela , Mazan Melissa R. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundHemosiderophages in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) are commonly ascribed to exercise‐induced pulmonary hemorrhage (EIPH). Little information exists regarding the presence of these cells in horses that perform light or no work and that are referred for respiratory problems.ObjectivesEvaluate the presence of hemosiderophages in BALF of horses suspected of respiratory disease without history of or risk factors for EIPH and determine predictors of hemosiderophages in BALF in this population.MethodsObservational retrospective cross‐sectional study using STROBE (Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology) guidelines. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cytology reports of 353 horses evaluated for respiratory disease between 2012 and 2022 at the Cummings School for Veterinary Medicine were reviewed retrospectively. Horses with a history or likelihood of having performed past strenuous exercise were removed, and the remaining 91 horses were divided into hemosiderin‐positive (HSD‐POS) and hemosiderin‐negative groups based on Perls' Prussian blue staining. Potential predictors for the presence of hemosiderophages in BALF (history, clinical evaluation, baseline lung function, airway reactivity, BALF cytology, and hemosiderin score) were compared between the 2 groups, using univariate and multivariate analyses.ResultsHorses with a diagnosis of severe equine asthma (sEA; odds ratio, 11.1; 95% confidence interval, 3.2‐38.5;P < .001) were significantly more likely to be HSD‐POS than horses with mild‐to‐moderate equine asthma.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceHemosiderophages were found in the BALF cytology in a subset of horses that perform light or no work and presented for respiratory signs; these cells were found more frequently in horses with sEA. The link between hemosiderophages and sEA highlights previously unstudied pathology associated with this common disease.
Intestinal microbiota of Nearctic‐Neotropical migratory birds vary more over seasons and years than between host species
Authors: Skeen Heather R. , Willard David E. , Jones Andrew W. , Winger Benjamin M. , Gyllenhaal Ethan F. , Tsuru Brian R. , Hackett Shannon J. , Novembre John 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSeasonal migration of Nearctic‐Neotropical passerine birds may have profound effects on the diversity and abundance of their host‐associated microbiota. Migratory birds experience seasonal change in environments and diets throughout the course of the annual cycle that, along with recurrent biological events such as reproduction, may significantly impact their microbiota. In this study, we characterize the intestinal microbiota of four closely related species of migratory Catharus thrushes at three time points of their migratory cycle: during spring migration, on the summer breeding territories and during fall migration. Using observations replicated over 3 years, we determined that microbial community diversity of Catharus thrushes was significantly different across distinct time periods of the annual cycle, whereas community composition was more similar within than across years. Elevated alpha diversity in the summer birds compared to either migratory period indicated that birds may harbour a reduced microbiota during active migration. We also found that community composition of the microbiota did not substantially differ between host species. Finally, we recovered two phyla, Cyanobacteria and Planctomycetota, which are not commonly described from birds, that were in relatively high abundance in specific years. This study contributes to our growing understanding of how microbiota in wild birds vary throughout disparate ecological conditions and reveals potential axes across which an animal's microbial flexibility adapts to variable environments and recurrent biological conditions throughout the annual cycle.
Person‐centred conversations in nursing and health: A theoretical analysis based on perspectives on communication
Authors: Öhlén Joakim , Friberg Febe 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this paper we use the concept of the person to examine person‐centred dialogue and show how person‐centred dialogue is different from and significantly more than transfer of information, which is the dominant notion in health care. A further motivation for the study is that although person‐centredness as an idea has a strong heritage in nursing and the broader healthcare discourse, person‐centred conversation is usually discussed as a distinct and unitary approach to communication, primarily related to the philosophy of dialogue—the philosophy of Martin Buber. In this paper we start with the concept of person to critically reflect on theoretical perspectives on communication to understand person‐centred conversations in the context of nursing and health. We position the concept of the person through the use of Paul Ricoeur's philosophy and follow by distinguishing four theoretical perspectives on communication before reflecting on the relevance of each of these for person‐centred communication. These perspectives are: a linear view of communication as transfer of information, communication as a relation in the sense of philosophy of dialogue, practice‐based communication on constructionist grounds, and communication as a practice to create social community. In relation to the concept of the person, we do not find transfer of information relevant as a theoretical underpinning for person‐centred conversations. From the other three perspectives that are relevant we distinguish five types of person‐centred conversations pertinent to nursing and health: problem identifying conversations, instructive conversations, guiding and supportive conversations, caring and existential conversations, and therapeutic conversations. Through this analysis it is argued that person‐centred communication and conversations are substantially different to transfer of information. We also discuss the significance of communication adjusted to specific situations, including emphasis on how we speak in relation to the aim or topic of a conversation.
Psychometric properties of the self‐care of chronic illness inventory in Chinese older adults with multiple chronic conditions
Authors: Jin Yuanyuan , Brown Roger , Bhattarai Muna , Kuo Wan‐chin , Chen Ying 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundExisting self‐care measures for the Chinese population are specific to single chronic conditions. No generic self‐care measures exist for the Chinese population with multiple chronic conditions.ObjectivesTo test the structural validity, concurrent validity and reliability of the Self‐care of Chronic Illness Inventory (SC‐CII) in Chinese older adults with multiple chronic conditions.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study was reported following the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology guideline. A diverse sample of Chinese older adults with multiple chronic conditions (n = 240) was recruited. Structural validity was assessed with confirmatory factor analysis. Concurrent validity was investigated with hypotheses testing of the relationships between perceived stress, resilience and self‐care. Reliability was assessed with Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega. Finally, a simultaneous confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to test the general model with all items and all three subscales.ResultsConfirmatory factor analysis supported the two‐factor structure of theself‐care maintenanceandself‐care managementsubscales and the one‐factor structure of theself‐care monitoringsubscale. Concurrent validity was supported by the significant negative correlation (rranged from −0.18 to −0.38,p < .01) with perceived stress and the significant positive correlation (rranged from 0.31 to 0.47,p < .01) with resilience. Reliability estimates ranged from 0.77 to 0.82 across the three subscales. The simultaneous confirmatory factor analysis did not support the more general model with the combined set of items.ConclusionThe SC‐CII is valid and reliable for Chinese older adults with multiple chronic conditions. Future cross‐cultural assessment should be conducted to investigate the measurement equivalence of the SC‐CII in individuals from Western and Eastern cultural groups.Implications for practiceWith the increasing number of older adults in China who are living with multiple chronic conditions and the call for culturally tailored self‐care interventions, this self‐care measure can be used in geriatric primary care settings, long‐term facilities and homes to improve the understanding and practice of self‐care in older Chinese adults.
Minimally Invasive 360° Fusion Using a Combination of INFIX and Minimally Invasive Spinopelvic Fixation by Intraoperative Computed Tomography Navigation for Unstable Pelvic Ring Fracture: A Technical Note
Authors: Hiyama Akihiko , Ukai Taku , Ogasawara Shota , Tanaka Tatsumi , Watanabe Masahiko 
Published: March 2023

ObjectiveFluoroscopy is often used in the surgery of unstable pelvic ring fractures, and improved safety in implant placement is an issue. An anterior subcutaneous pelvic fixator (INFIX) combined with a percutaneous screw has been reported to be a minimally invasive and effective surgical technique for unstable pelvic ring injuries. However, although percutaneous screw fixation is minimally invasive, its indications for fracture fixation and fractures with large fragment displacements in the vertical plane remain controversial. Therefore, this technical note aims to describe a new technique for unstable pelvic ring fractures.MethodsWe describe a 360° fusion of the pelvic ring to treat unstable pelvic ring fractures, including vertical shear pelvic ring fractures, using an intraoperative CT navigation system. Seven patients were treated with 360° fusion for type C pelvic ring fractures. In surgery, after reducing the fracture with external fixation, intraoperative CT navigation is used to perform a 360° fusion with INFIX and minimally invasive surgical spinopelvic fixation (MIS‐SPF). We will introduce a typical case and explain the procedure.ResultsA 360° fixation was performed, and no perioperative complications were noted. The mean blood loss was 253.2 ± 141.0 mL, and the mean operative time was 224.3 ± 67.4 min. In a typical case, bone union was obtained 1 year after surgery, and we removed all implants.ConclusionsMIS‐SPF has a strong fixation force and helps reduce fractures' horizontal and vertical planes. In addition, 360° fusion with intraoperative CT navigation may help treat unstable pelvic ring fractures.
On the inclusiveness of rural road improvement: Evidence from Morocco
Authors: Shimamura Yasuharu , Shimizutani Satoshi , Yamada Eiji , Yamada Hiroyuki 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis paper explores the heterogeneous impact of a rural road improvement project on the economic activities and living standards of households in Morocco. Road pavement improvements are expected to promote better market access, encourage the transformation of traditional agricultural activities, and create opportunities for new economic activities. However, benefits may not extend evenly across different groups, and the distributional consequences call for careful empirical investigation. We employ a difference‐in‐differences (DID) estimation using a household‐level panel dataset collected under a quasi‐experimental setting in the 2010s. We classify households into three groups based on asset holdings (rich, middle, and poor). We provide several new findings. First, there was no significant transformation of agricultural production or sales for all groups. Second, rich households increased hired agricultural labor and began paid employment while middle households started new family businesses. Poor households, however, did not enjoy these new employment opportunities except for a marginal increase in family businesses. Third, due to shifts in employment, the rural road renewal project improved household consumption 3%–4% annually for rich and middle households, an impact not clearly seen among poor households. Thus, our findings show that the economic benefits of rural road improvement might not be well‐inclusive.
The role of anxiety and depression in suicidal thoughts for autistic and non‐autistic people: A theory‐driven network analysis
Authors: Pelton Mirabel K. , Crawford Hayley , Bul Kim , Robertson Ashley E. , Adams Jon , de Beurs Derek , Rodgers Jacqui , Baron‐Cohen Simon , Cassidy Sarah 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundAutistic adults experience more frequent suicidal thoughts and mental health difficulties than non‐autistic adults, but research has yet to explain how these experiences are connected. This study explored how anxiety and depression contribute to suicidal thoughts according to the Interpersonal Theory of Suicide for autistic and non‐autistic adults.MethodsParticipants (autistic adults n = 463, 61% female; non‐autistic n = 342, 64% female) completed online measures of anxiety, depression, thwarted belonging, and perceived burdensomeness. Network analysis explored whether: (i) being autistic is a risk marker for suicide; and (ii) pathways to suicidal thoughts are consistent for autistic and non‐autistic adults.ResultsBeing autistic connected closely with feeling like an outsider, anxiety, and movement, which connected to suicidal thoughts through somatic experiences, low mood, and burdensomeness. Networks were largely consistent for autistic and non‐autistic people, but connections from mood symptoms to somatic and thwarted belonging experiences were absent for autistic adults.ConclusionAutistic people experience more life stressors than non‐autistic people leading to reduced coping, low mood, and suicidal thoughts. Promoting belonging, reducing anxiety, and understanding the role of movement could inform suicide prevention for autistic people. Research should accurately capture autistic lived experience when modeling suicide to ensure suicide prevention meets autistic needs.