bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Human papillomavirus genotype distribution among women with and without cervical cancer: Implication for vaccination and screening in Ghana
Authors: Nartey Yvonne , Amo-Antwi Kwabena , Hill Philip C. , Dassah Edward T. , Asmah Richard H. , Nyarko Kofi M. , Agambire Ramatu , Konney Thomas O. , Yarney Joel , Damale Nelson , Cox Brian 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionDetermining the high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) genotypes burden in women with and without cervical cancer afford a direct comparison of their relative distributions. This quest is fundamental to implementing a future population-based cervical cancer prevention strategy in Ghana. We estimated the cervical cancer risk by HPV genotypes, and the HPV vaccine-preventable proportion of cervical cancer diagnosed in Ghana.Materials and methodsAn unmatched case-control study was conducted at the two largest cervical cancer treatment centres in Ghana from 1stOctober 2014 to 31stMay 2015. Cases were women diagnosed with cervical cancer and controls were women without cervical cancer who were seeking care at the two hospitals. Nested multiplex polymerase chain reaction (NM-PCR) was used to detect HPV infection in cervical samples. Logistic regression was used to determine the association between the risk of cervical cancer and identified HPV infection. P ≤0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsHPV deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) data were analysed for 177 women with cervical cancer (cases) and 201 without cancer (controls). Cervical cancer was diagnosed at older ages compared to the age at which controls were recruited (median ages, 57 years vs 34 years; p < 0.001). Most women with cervical cancer were more likely to be single with no formal education, unemployed and less likely to live in metropolitan areas compared to women without cervical cancer (all p-value <0.001). HPV DNA was detected in more women with cervical cancer compared to those without cervical cancer (84.8% vs 45.8%). HR-HPV genotypes 16, 18, 45, 35 and 52 were the most common among women with cervical cancer, while 66, 52, 35, 43 and 31 were frequently detected in those without cancer. HPV 66 and 35 were the most dominant non-vaccine genotypes; HPV 66 was more prevalent among women with cervical cancer and HPV 35 in those without cervical cancer. Cervical cancer risk was associated with a positive HPV test (Adjusted OR (AOR): 5.78; 95% CI: 2.92–11.42), infection with any of the HR-HPV genotypes (AOR: 5.56; 95% CI: 3.27–13.16) or multiple HPV infections (AOR: 9.57 95% CI 4.06–22.56).ConclusionWomen with cervical cancer in Ghana have HPV infection with multiple genotypes, including some non-vaccine genotypes, with an estimated cervical cancer risk of about six- to ten-fold in the presence of a positive HPV test. HPV DNA tests and multivalent vaccine targeted at HPV 16, 18, 45 and 35 genotypes will be essential in Ghana’s cervical cancer control programme. Large population-based studies are required in countries where cervical cancer is most prevalent to determine non-vaccine HPV genotypes which should be considered for the next-generation HPV vaccines.
Impact of list price changes on out-of-pocket costs and adherence in four high-rebate specialty drugs
Authors: Wong William Bruce , Seetasith Arpamas , Hung Anna , Zullig Leah L. 
Published: January 2023

Background
Insurers manage the cost of specialty medicines via rebates, however it is unclear if the savings are passed on to patients, and whether reducing rebates may lead to changes in patient out-of-pocket (OOP) costs and medication adherence. This study examined two drug classes to understand the impact of reducing list prices to net prices, via lower-priced national drug codes (NDCs) or authorized generics, on patient OOP costs and adherence.

Methods
This retrospective analysis assessed IQVIA PharMetrics ® Plus adjudicated medical and pharmacy claims for commercially insured patients. Patient OOP costs per prescription and payer drug costs were assessed for evolocumab or alirocumab (proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitors [PCSK9is]) or velpatasvir/sofosbuvir or ledipasvir/sofosbuvir (hepatitis C virus [HCV] medications). For PCSK9is and HCV medications, the original and lower-priced versions were compared. Adherence was estimated based on proportion of days covered (PDC) (PCSK9is) and receipt of full treatment regimen (HCV medications).

Results
In total, 10,640 patients were included (evolocumab, 5,042; alirocumab, 1,438; velpatasvir/sofosbuvir, 2,952; ledipasvir/sofosbuvir,1,208). After list price reductions, mean payer drug costs decreased by over 60%, while patient OOP cost reductions ranged from 14% to 55% (evolocumab: 55%, p < 0.01; alirocumab: 51%, p < 0.01; velpatasvir/sofosbuvir: 30%, p < 0.01; ledipasvir/sofosbuvir: 14%, p = 0.03). Patients with coinsurance as the largest contributor to their OOP costs had the largest reductions in OOP costs, ranging from adjusted, mean values of US$135 to US$379 (>60% reductions). Six-month PDC for PCSK9is and proportion receiving full HCV treatment regimen were high with the original versions and did not substantially differ with the new, lower-priced versions.

Conclusions
Reducing list prices to approximate net prices (as a proxy for reducing rebates) resulted in lower patient OOP costs, particularly for those with coinsurance. Our findings suggest that future reduction of rebates may assist in patient affordability, although additional transparency is needed.
Beginnings, Reviews, and Rejuvenation
Authors: Hartshorn Richard 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Like most organisations, IUPAC has its rhythms of operation, and for us that constant beat is the cycle of the biennium. Our beat is governed by the two-yearly terms for positions and budgets that ensure that we are always bringing in new ideas and people, refreshing our leadership, examining our progress, and plotting our way forward.
Plastic post-Nairobi needs IUPAC involvement
Authors: Sydnes Leiv K. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Soon after plastic became an important commercial product, plastic pollution became a major concern. Despite political focus and implementation of measures to stop the development, litter from plastic products continued to grow and reached an alarming level already some years ago. In many countries the plastic bag became the symbol for plastic garbage, and in Norway that proved to be a very appropriate pick when a sick goose-beaked whale stranded and appeared to have 30 plastic bags and other pieces of plastic in its stomach (Figure 1) [2, 3]. This incident engaged the public in many countries, which quickly organized dugnads to collect plastic rubbish from everywhere—parks, forests and coastlines.
Neprilysin 4: an essential peptidase with multifaceted physiological relevance
Authors: Buhr Annika , Schiemann Ronja , Meyer Heiko 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Neprilysins are highly conserved ectoenzymes that hydrolyze and thus inactivate signaling peptides in the extracellular space. Herein, we focus on Neprilysin 4 from Drosophila melanogaster and evaluate the existing knowledge on the physiological relevance of the peptidase. Particular attention is paid to the role of the neprilysin in regulating feeding behavior and the expression of insulin-like peptides in the central nervous system. In addition, we assess the function of the peptidase in controlling the activity of the sarcoplasmic and endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase in myocytes, as well as the underlying molecular mechanism in detail.
The role of lysosomes in lipid homeostasis
Authors: Fröhlich Florian , González Montoro Ayelén 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Lipids function as the major building blocks of cellular membranes, as signaling molecules and as energy stores for metabolism. These important functions require a precise regulation of lipid biosynthesis, transport, turnover and storage. Lipids are exchanged among organelles through a sophisticated network of vesicular and non-vesicular transport routes. Lysosomes, as the main catabolic organelle, are at the center of this network and have recently evolved as one of the master-regulators of cellular lipid metabolism. Lipids from both endogenous and exogenous sources can be processed, sensed and sorted in and out of the lysosome. In this review, we focus on the role of the lysosome in lipid catabolism, transport and signaling. We highlight recent discoveries on the transport of lipids out of the lysosomal lumen and their exchange with other organelles via membrane contact sites. We also discuss the direct role of lysosomal lipids in the TORC1 signaling pathway, a regulator of cellular metabolism. Finally, we address lysosomal biogenesis, its role in the sorting of lipid metabolic enzymes and the dysregulation of these processes in disease.
Inverse eigenvalue problems for rank one perturbations of the Sturm-Liouville operator
Authors: Wu Xuewen 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This article is concerned with the inverse eigenvalue problem for rank one perturbations of the Sturm-Liouville operator. I obtain the relationship between the spectra of the Sturm-Liouville operator and its rank one perturbations, and from the spectra I reconstruct the perturbed operators, provided that the potential is known a priori.
Expressions for Mostar and weighted Mostar invariants in a chemical structure
Authors: Krishnan Sathish , Rajan Bharati , Imran Muhammad 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The bond-additive topological invariants are largely employed to recognize the characteristics of chemical graphs. They provide quantitative measures of peripheral shapes of molecules and attract considerable attention, both in the context of complex networks and in more classical applications of chemical graph theory. In this article, we compute exact analytical expressions of Mostar and weighted Mostar invariants for a chemical structure.
Nonlinear remote monitoring system of manipulator based on network communication technology
Authors: Liu Qing , Peng Liye , Shang Kang 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In order to study the nonlinear remote monitoring system of the manipulator based on the network communication technology, a research method of the nonlinear remote monitoring system of the manipulator based on the network communication technology is proposed. In this article, in the Visual C++ environment, the transmission control protocol/internet protocol technology is used to build a remote monitoring system for the robotic arm, and it mainly realizes the function of the robotic arm running according to the trajectory in the remote. When storing video, you need to specify the ID of the video source, i.e., the synchronization source in the real-time transport protocol data packet header identifies the robot, which can monitor more clearly. The remote monitoring technology is widely used in the modern automation industry, which not only further extends the human space activity ability, but also removes the human from the dangerous and complex working environment. Therefore, the remote monitoring technology has broad application prospects.
ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКИЕ РАСЧЕТЫ ДИСКРЕТИЗИРУЮЩЕГО БАРАБАНЧИКА В ЗОНЕ ДИСКРЕТИЗАЦИИ ПНЕВМОМЕХАНИЧЕСКИХ ПРЯДИЛЬНЫХ МАШИН
Authors: Мирзаев Отабек 
Published: January 2023

В статье изучена сила сцепления волокна с другими волокнами в таких условиях, в которых волокно имеет один завиток дискретизирующего барабанчика, положения которого подчиняется закону нормального распределения. Для точности решения поставленной задачи обращено внимание на математическое ожидание координатов завитка дискретизирующего барабанчика.
Design of the feasible region for demand values in a congested urban road network
Authors: Крылатов Александр Юрьевич , Krylatov Alexandr , Раевская Анастасия Павловна , Raevskaya Anastasia 
Published: January 2023

The present paper is devoted to the study of the feasible region for demand values in a congested urban road network. Travel demand estimation is considered to be the inverse of the traffic assignment problem, formulated as a congestion game. We show that the corresponding estimation problem has the form of a bilevel optimization program with a weak-defined feasible set of upper-level solution variables (even a trivial solution leads to the global optimum). However, we are lucky to prove that for any congested urban road network there is a polygon in the space of demand values, which significantly narrows the area of optimal solution search for the considering bilevel problem. Moreover, such a polygon appears to be easily designed for an arbitrary road network, using solely observed congestion as input data. Thus, the findings obtained in the paper contribute to the development of tools for travel demand estimation in a congested urban road network.
Dietary Habits of Children 0-23 months in Rural Kansas: Early Life Diets of Rural Children
Authors: MacKenzie Gwinner  , Arika Marchetti  , Lynn Chollet-Hinton  , Lynn Fisher  
Published: January 2023

Introduction. Children in rural areas face increased rates of obesity compared to their urban counterparts, and diet in early childhood may influence the development of diseases related to food intake. This study sought to determine current diet of children 0-23 months of age in rural Kansas.
Methods. Medical students participating in summer rural clinical experiences offered the survey to caregivers of children 0-23 months, born at term as singletons without a specialized diet. Recruitment occurred at appointments over 6 weeks in primary care offices. The survey was in the style of a validated Food Frequency Questionnaire for infants with an image for estimating portion sizes. Diets were compared to guidelines set by the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2020-2025.
Results. Of 44 participants in the study, there were 21 children aged 0-5 months, 7 aged 6-11 months, and 16 aged 12-23 months. Breastfeeding rates were nearly double reported national averages. All children in the 0 to 5 month age group met guidelines. None of the children 6 to 11 months or 12 to 23 months met guidelines. In the 6 to 11 month group, 4 consumed food in addition to breastmilk or formula (complementary foods). In the 12-23 month group, protein and dairy foods were lower than, and whole grains and vegetables were higher than, reported national averages respectively.
Conclusions. Children may fall short of dietary recommendations due to the amounts and types of food complementary to breast milk received in the diet.
Delayed Fuel Consumption Optimization System
Authors: Mukhina Maryna , Nikulin Artem 
Published: January 2023

In this work, we considered the problem of optimizing the crowd during aircraft delays before landing. Having examined the statistics, we can conclude that there was a constant increase in passenger traffic from 2013 to 2018. But also due to the constant growth of passenger traffic, the percentage of flights with delays is increasing. The problem is that that most of the flights accounted for a small percentage of the most "popular" airports (In Ukraine, 75 percent of all flights accounted for the airports of Boryspil and Zhuliany). Although since 2019 the number of air travel around the world has dropped sharply over time, the number of air travel will return to the previous number and even continue to grow. Also, a new problem has now arisen for air carriers - a significant increase in aviation fuel prices. According to the Mundi Index, since December 2021, there has been a constant increase in the price of fuel for aircraft. This is an additional incentive for airlines to optimize their routes in order to avoid unnecessary fuel costs. In this work, on the example of a flight for a Boeing 737 from Riga to Odessa, two parameters were considered, when changing which it is possible to minimize fuel costs during a delay. An algorithm was also developed to optimize crowd costs on flights with delays.
Analysis of the Degree of Decentralization of Vicovu de Jos
Authors: Bilouseac Irina , Spînul Silvica Nicoleta 
Published: January 2023

The local authorities in a certain community have revenues from the local budget that are often much lower than what is needed. If in the first article of this magazine we analyzed the degree of financial decentralization of the Municipality of Suceava, the seat of the county, we want to study the situation at the level of a medium-level commune in Suceava County. Although the authorities know the situation in the respective locality, they know what public services its residents still need, the lack of money in the budget makes it impossible to provide certain services, the spending of money from the budget being restricted by the existence of other administrative requirements that must be met.
Due to lack of funds, local authorities will not be able to demonstrate that they can provide quality public services to citizens. The lack of administrative decentralization that is not duplicated by financial decentralization will be doomed from the start.
Thus, the main reason for choosing the topic of this article resides in the need to know the degree of financial decentralization, the financial position and the share of own revenues in the total revenues of a certain locality, to see to what extent the local authority in a commune of average level can satisfy the needs of the population.
PENGEMBANGAN DESAIN KEMASAN KERIPIK MENGGUNAKAN METODE QUALITY FUNCTION DEPLOYMENT (QFD) (STUDI KASUS PADA UKM MPOK IMEH)
Authors: Rohmatin Yuyun Yuniar , Wahyuni Rossi S. , Raharja Mei 
Published: January 2023

Mpok Imeh Chips is an Independent small business that produces Balado cassava chips in Jakarta, where cassava chips are packaged using plain plastic so that it has an unattractive impression. This research focuses on developing packaging designs that are following customer desires using the quality function deployment (QFD) method. Based on the results of the study, it is known that the customer's requirement for cassava chip packaging produced by UKM Mpok Imah includes cassava chip packaging that functions to protect the product, a medium packaging size. The form packaging is a standing pouch. Cassava chips packaging is made of polypropylene plastic transparent packaging. There is product information on the packaging. The packaging design is based on the house of quality (HOQ) in QFD and uses polypropylene plastic materials, size (14 x 22) cm, a weight of 250 grams, cassava chips illustration, transparent and a standing pouch packing, description on the label shown on the front view design shows a visualization of the chip's packaging, there is some information about the product including the product name, net weight, address of the producing party and the halal logo. On the back packaging shown, there is information about the composition, storage rules and how used the packaging information expiration date of the packaged product.
Judicial Review of Public Health Powers Since the Start of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Trends and Implications
Authors: Parmet Wendy E. , Khalik Faith 
Published: January 2023

During the COVID-19 pandemic, officials in the United States at all levels of government utilized their legal authorities to impose a wide range of measures designed to control the spread of SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; the causative agent of COVID-19), including shutting down businesses, limiting the size of gatherings, requiring masking, and mandating vaccination. These orders and regulations were challenged in court cases that resulted in more than 1000 judicial decisions. Common claims were based on alleged procedural and substantive due process violations, violations of religious liberty, and violations of officials’ scope of authority. In more than three fourths of the decisions, the court refused to grant the plaintiffs the relief sought. However, plaintiffs found success in several notable cases, especially in federal court. These recent decisions, as well as broader prepandemic trends, have important implications for public health officials’ exercise of their public health powers, especially when those exercises implicate religious liberty. In this legal environment, officials may need to rely more on the powers of persuasion than on their legal authority alone. (Am J Public Health. 2023;113(3):280–287. https://doi.org/10.2105/10.2105/AJPH.2022.307181 )
Transsacral Canal Plasty for Decompression of Lumbar Spinal Stenosis in a Patient With Epidural Lipomatosis
Authors: Arimura Daigo , Shinohara Akira , Katsumi Shunsuke , Obata Shintaro , Ikegami Taku , Saito Mitsuru 
Published: January 2023

Case:
A 58-year-old man presented with lumbar spinal stenosis due to epidural lipomatosis. He underwent transsacral canal plasty (TSCP), in a manner similar to epidural adhesiolysis, which can be performed under local anesthesia. His leg pain improved dramatically in the year after surgery. Furthermore, magnetic resonance images during this time show neural decompression by reduction of the amount of epidural fat.

Conclusion:
TSCP was found not only to relieve pain but also to achieve neural decompression in this patient with spinal canal stenosis caused by lumbar epidural lipomatosis. This is the first report to demonstrate the usefulness of TSCP for spinal epidural lipomatosis.
El retrato romano a través de Yo, Claudio (I, Claudius, BBC, 1976)
Authors: Pérez García Lucía 
Published: January 2023

La serie Yo, Claudio (I, Claudius, BBC, 1976), basada en las novelas de Robert Graves, es una de las producciones que mejor ha sabido transmitir los primeros años del Imperio Romano. Una época cuya presentación en el aula suele provocar confusiones, debido al intricado contexto político que invade cualquier visión particular de su historia. En el caso de la historia del arte y, más específicamente, en el del retrato romano, esta circunstancia es especialmente plausible, provocando la pérdida de interés frente a otros periodos y manifestaciones artísticas. El empleo de recursos audiovisuales ayuda a paliar la situación, llegando incluso a despertar la curiosidad por cuestiones artísticas transversales que, además de ampliar contenido, pueden ser aplicadas a diferentes asignaturas. El caso que nos ocupa es especialmente significativo, pues, además de tener una duración accesible, su alto nivel artístico y técnico permite explorar diferentes posibilidades: narrativa, dirección artística, vestuario, peluquería, maquillaje, música… A través de las cuales plantear actividades de diferente naturaleza, donde la iniciativa y la creatividad sean un criterio relevante. La experiencia directa en el aula con alumnos del Grado de Historia del Arte y de la asignatura de Arte universal del Grado en Historia, confirma la efectividad del método.
Strategi Fundraising pada Pesantren di Kalimantan Selatan
Authors: Juhaidi Ahmad , Mizani Hilmi , Bahruddin Muhammad 
Published: January 2023

Donasi merupakan kunci dalam pendanaan lembaga pendidikan Islam milik masyarakat. Pesantren sebagai institusi lembaga pendidikan Islam memerlukan penggalangan dana untuk pengembangan dan operasional. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui strategi penggalangan dana, retensi, dan stewardship donatur pada pesantren. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian lapangan dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada Pondok Pesantren Nurul Abshor Islamic and Raudhatul Jannah Batusilira yang terletak di Kabupaten Kotabaru Kalimantan Selatan. Data dikumpulkan dengan wawancara terhadap pengelola, orang tua, dan donatur. Analisis data dilakukan melalui tahap menghubungkan data dengan fokus masalah, mengidentifikasi pola dari data, menyatukan pola sehingga dapat menjawab fokus masalah. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa keberhasilan fundraising sangat ditentukan oleh tuan guru pengasuh pondok pesantren. Retensi dan stewardship donor dilakukan dengan transparansi, memelihara citra melalui tuan guru, dan melibatkan donatur dalam pengelolaan. Penghargaan terhadap donatur tidak berdasarkan kebutuhan donor. Artikel ini merekomendasikan fundraising pada lembaga pendidikan Islam harus mengadopsi fundraising modern sehingga ketergantungan terhadap tuan guru (iulama) dalam fundraising dapat dikurangi.