bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Flavor–food ingredient interactions in fortified or reformulated novel food: Binding behaviors, manipulation strategies, sensory impacts, and future trends in delicious and healthy food design
Authors: Chen Xiao , Zhang Wangang , Quek Siew Young , Zhao Liyan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWith consumers gaining prominent awareness of health and well‐being, a diverse range of fortified or reformulated novel food is developed to achieve personalized or tailored nutrition using protein, carbohydrates, or fat as building blocks. Flavor property is a critical factor in the acceptability and marketability of fortified or reformulated food. Major food ingredients are able to interact with flavor compounds, leading to a significant change in flavor release from the food matrix and, ultimately, altering flavor perception. Although many efforts have been made to elucidate how food matrix components change flavor binding capacities, the influences on flavor perception and their implications for the innovation of fortified or reformulated novel food have not been systematically summarized up to now. Thus, this review provides detailed knowledge about the binding behaviors of flavors to major food ingredients, as well as their influences on flavor retention, release, and perception. Practical approaches for manipulating these interactions and the resulting flavor quality are also reviewed, from the scope of their intrinsic and extrinsic influencing factors with technologies available, which is helpful for future food innovation. Evaluation of food–ingredient interactions using real food matrices while considering multisensory flavor perception is also prospected, to well motivate food industries to investigate new strategies for tasteful and healthy food design in response to consumers’ unwillingness to compromise on flavor for health.
A critical review on biodegradable food packaging for meat: Materials, sustainability, regulations, and perspectives in the EU
Authors: Siddiqui Shahida Anusha , Sundarsingh Anjelina , Bahmid Nur Alim , Nirmal Nilesh , Denayer Joeri F. M. , Karimi Keikhosro 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe development of biodegradable packaging is a challenge, as conventional plastics have many advantages in terms of high flexibility, transparency, low cost, strong mechanical characteristics, and high resistance to heat compared with most biodegradable plastics. The quality of biodegradable materials and the research needed for their improvement for meat packaging were critically evaluated in this study. In terms of sustainability, biodegradable packagings are more sustainable than conventional plastics; however, most of them contain unsustainable chemical additives. Cellulose showed a high potential for meat preservation due to high moisture control. Polyhydroxyalkanoates and polylactic acid (PLA) are renewable materials that have been recently introduced to the market, but their application in meat products is still limited. To be classified as an edible film, the mechanical properties and acceptable control over gas and moisture exchange need to be improved. PLA and cellulose‐based films possess the advantage of protection against oxygen and water permeation; however, the addition of functional substances plays an important role in their effects on the foods. Furthermore, the use of packaging materials is increasing due to consumer demand for natural high‐quality food packaging that serves functions such as extended shelf‐life and contamination protection. To support the importance moving toward biodegradable packaging for meat, this review presented novel perspectives regarding ecological impacts, commercial status, and consumer perspectives. Those aspects are then evaluated with the specific consideration of regulations and perspective in the European Union (EU) for employing renewable and ecological meat packaging materials. This review also helps to highlight the situation regarding biodegradable food packaging for meat in the EU specifically.
Efficacy and safety of tenapanor in hemodialysis patients with hyperphosphatemia: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized placebo‐controlled trials
Authors: Luo Houli , Feng Jian , Zhang Yanbiao , Wang Jie , Xue Gang , Huang Xi , You Shuang , Dong Hongfei , Li Lingfan , Li Juncheng , Xiao Hualin , Ai Xiang , Li Xianhui , Huang Bo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe effects of tenapanor in reducing serum phosphorus in hemodialysis patients with hyperphosphatemia are uncertain and no relevant meta‐analysis has been conducted. We performed a meta‐analysis of randomized placebo‐controlled trials to evaluate the efficacy and safety of tenapanor.MethodsAll randomized controlled trials of tenapanor were searched up to 1 August 2022. The primary endpoint was the change in serum phosphorus level from baseline with tenapanor and placebo. Data on drug‐related adverse events (AEs), gastrointestinal AEs and diarrhea were collected to determine the safety of tenapanor.ResultsThere were 533 patients throughout five trials that were eligible. Tenapanor significantly lowered blood phosphorus level by 1.79 mg/dl in the mean difference than the placebo. Diarrhea, gastrointestinal AEs, and drug‐related AEs were more severe than placebo.ConclusionsThis meta‐analysis showed that although drug side effects were common, tenapanor significantly reduced serum phosphorus level in hemodialysis patients.
Regulation of indole‐3‐acetic acid biosynthesis and consequences of auxin production deficiency in Serratia plymuthica
Authors: Rico‐Jiménez Miriam , Muñoz‐Mira Salvador , Lomas‐Martínez Cristina , Krell Tino , Matilla Miguel A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIndole‐3‐acetic acid (IAA) is emerging as a key intra‐ and inter‐kingdom signal molecule that modulates a wide range of processes of importance during plant–microorganism interaction. However, the mechanisms by which IAA carries out its functions in bacteria as well as the regulatory processes by which bacteria modulate auxin production are largely unknown. Here, we found that IAA synthesis deficiency results in important global transcriptional changes in the broad‐range antibiotic‐producing rhizobacterium Serratia plymuthica A153. Most pronounced transcriptional changes were observed in various gene clusters for aromatic acid metabolism, including auxin catabolism. To delve into the corresponding molecular mechanisms, different regulatory proteins were biochemically characterized. Among them, a TyrR orthologue was essential for IAA production through the activation of the ipdc gene encoding a key enzyme for IAA biosynthesis. We showed that TyrR specifically recognizes different aromatic amino acids which, in turn, alters the interactions of TyrR with the ipdc promoter. Screening of mutants defective in various transcriptional and post‐transcriptional regulators allowed the identification of additional regulators of IAA production, including PigP and quorum sensing‐related genes. Advancing our knowledge on the mechanisms that control the IAA biosynthesis in beneficial phytobacteria is of biotechnological interest for improving agricultural productivity and sustainable agricultural development.
Rationale and design for the Blood Pressure Control Target in Diabetes (BPROAD) study
Authors:   The BPROAD Study Group
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundDiabetes and hypertension are major modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Previous clinical trials have demonstrated that intensive blood pressure reduction lowers the risk of cardiovascular disease and all‐cause mortality compared to standard blood pressure reduction among patients without diabetes. However, optimal levels of blood pressure control in patients with diabetes remain uncertain.MethodsThe Blood Pressure Control Target in Diabetes (BPROAD) study is a multicenter, randomized controlled trial conducted in mainland China. We plan to enroll 12 702 participants aged ≥50 years with type 2 diabetes, an increased cardiovascular risk, and systolic blood pressure ≥130 mm Hg from 150 study centers. Participants are randomly assigned to intensive (a systolic target of <120 mm Hg) or standard (a systolic target of <140 mm Hg) blood pressure treatment group. Participants will be followed monthly for blood pressure management in the first 3 months and then every 3 months afterward. The primary study outcome is a composite of major cardiovascular events including nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, treated or hospitalized heart failure, and cardiovascular death. Data will be collected every 3 months for up to 5 years and a blinded outcome committee will adjudicate all clinical outcomes. The BPROAD study is designed to have 90% statistical power to detect a 20% reduction in the primary study outcome at a two‐sided significance level of 0.05.ConclusionsThe BPROAD study will provide important evidence as to whether intensive blood pressure management has additional benefits on cardiovascular disease and all‐cause mortality among patients with type 2 diabetes.
Downregulation of AHNAK2 inhibits cell cycle of lung adenocarcinoma cells by interacting with RUVBL1
Authors: Li Xin , Li Hui , Shao Ming‐Ming , Miao Jinbai , Fu Yili , Hu Bin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundLung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the leading cause of death among cancer diseases. The tumorigenic functions of AHNAK2 in LUAD have attracted more attention in recent years, while there are few studies which have reported its high molecular weight.MethodsThe mRNA‐seq data of AHNAK2 and corresponding clinical data from UCSC Xena and GEO was analyzed. LUAD cell lines were transfected with sh‐NC and sh‐AHNAK2, and cell proliferation, migration and invasion were then detected by in vitro experiments. We performed RNA sequencing and mass spectrometry analysis to explore the downstream mechanism and interacting proteins of AHNAK2. Finally, western blot, cell cycle analysis and CO‐IP were used to confirm our assumptions regarding previous experiments.ResultsOur study revealed that AHNAK2 expression was significantly higher in tumors than in normal lung tissues and higher AHNAK2 expression led to a poor prognosis, especially in patients with advanced tumors. AHNAK2 suppression via shRNA reduced the LUAD cell lines proliferation, migration and invasion and induced significant changes in DNA replication, NF‐kappa B signaling pathway and cell cycle. AHNAK2 knockdown also caused G1/S phase cell cycle arrest, which could be attributed to the interaction of AHNAK2 and RUVBL1. In addition, the results from gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and RNA sequencing suggested that AHNAK2 probably plays a part in the mitotic cell cycle.ConclusionAHNAK2 promotes proliferation, migration and invasion in LUAD and regulates the cell cycle via the interaction with RUVBL1. More studies of AHNAK2 are still needed to reveal its upstream mechanism.
Predation domes: In‐situ field assays to measure predatory behaviours by fish
Authors: Sgarlatta M. Paula , Karkarey Rucha , Smith Shannen M. , Suthers Iain M. , Poore Alistair G. B. , Vergés Adriana 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Biotic interactions such as predation are difficult ecological processes to quantify in the wild. This is especially the case in the marine environment due to logistical difficulties in capturing animal behaviour. Common approaches use aquarium‐based experiments, live‐tethering, or assays with bait as proxies for quantifying predation pressure. However, these methods often fail to account for natural interactions between species in the wild and may raise ethical and animal welfare concerns.

We designed a novel field‐based method to quantify predator–prey interactions for marine fishes. The “predation dome” is a clear acrylic aquarium that contains a live fish. The dome is filmed and, in contrast to other methods, it allows for natural olfactory and visual cues, and the prey fish is returned to the wild after the assay. Here, we provide a step‐by‐step guide on building and deploying the predation dome in the wild. To demonstrate its use, we quantified predation pressure using the domes in two tropical and two temperate locations.

Piscivores were attracted to the domes and displayed predatory behaviours such as circling or striking. Although the overall number of predatory attacks did not differ among locations, predation domes revealed higher predation pressure by piscivores at the tropical locations in comparison to temperate reefs.

Our results show that predation domes represent an ethical and complementary approach to measure predation that may better represent piscivory as compared to other behaviours. Predation domes can be also used to measure other biotic interactions such as territorial defence or courtship.
Untangling the web: dynamics of Australia's online terrestrial invertebrate trade
Authors: Lassaline Charlotte R. , Stringham Oliver C. , Moncayo Stephanie , Toomes Adam , Cassey Phillip 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe trade and keeping of exotic pets has serious implications for both biosecurity and biodiversity conservation. In Australia, the online trade of live invertebrates is an understudied and unregulated issue, with almost non‐existent monitoring. It is uncertain what species are being traded, whether they are being identified correctly, and how they are being sourced (i.e., captive bred or wild harvested, native, or alien). Consequently, potential invasion risks and conservation concerns remain unknown. Here, we explored the online trade of terrestrial invertebrates in Australia across a range of publicly available e‐commerce platforms. We detected 264 species of invertebrate traded, from 71 families and 168 genera over 12 months. The native Extatosoma tiaratum (giant prickly stick insect) was the most traded species, while the most popular families were Phasmatidae (stick insects), Formicidae (ants) and Theraphosidae (tarantulas). Three species are known to be invasive in Australia, while 87% of species traded were native. The conservation status of almost of the species (92%) listed in the invertebrate trade has not been evaluated. Exploring socio‐demographic relationships, we found that human population density was positively correlated with the location of invertebrate sellers. Further, we found the classifieds website had lower prices in contrast to traditional online pet‐stores (median of c. A$7 less). Finally, we did not observe a saturation in the number of species traded in our one‐year study, exemplifying the need for large scale monitoring and risk assessments for Australia's online terrestrial invertebrate trade. We recommend continued surveillance of live invertebrate trade on e‐commerce sites. Substantial changes to legislation and monitoring methods are required at a national level to control the vast number of invertebrates traded across the country, and to minimise the future risks of the invertebrate trade.
Social comparisons and groundwater use: Evidence from Colorado and Kansas
Authors: Hrozencik R. Aaron , Suter Jordan F. , Ferraro Paul J. , Hendricks Nathan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn the United States, agriculture is responsible for the majority of consumptive water use. To reduce consumptive use in water scarce regions, policymakers have implemented a number of costly interventions. These interventions range from land retirement to subsidies that encourage the adoption of efficient irrigation technologies. In nonagricultural contexts, costly policy interventions have been complemented by low‐cost interventions inspired by behavioral economics. Whether these behavioral interventions are effective in the context of commercial farming is not well understood. In a preregistered, randomized field intervention, we estimate the impact of social (peer) comparisons on agricultural groundwater users in Colorado and Kansas. More than three thousand irrigators were randomized to receive either an annual peer comparison or no comparison. The peer comparison contrasted each irrigator's groundwater use to the distribution of use by neighboring irrigators. The comparison intervention reduced average annual groundwater use by 4.05% [95% CI (−5.87%, − 2.21%)], resulting in an aggregate reduction of more than 21,000 acre‐feet per year at a cost less than $1.31 per acre‐foot conserved. The estimated treatment effect was larger among irrigators with lower pre‐intervention water use. In the 3‐year experiment, we observed no evidence that the treatment effect substantially attenuated over time. We did, however, detect within‐irrigator spillovers in the treatment group: groundwater use also declined among wells that were not included in the peer comparisons (peer comparisons included a maximum of three wells). The results imply that social comparisons can be a cost‐effective tool, alongside other policy interventions, aimed at reducing agricultural water use.
Meta‐analysis and construction of simple‐to‐use nomograms for approximating testosterone levels gained from weight loss in obese men
Authors: Ken‐Dror Gie , Fluck David , Fry Christopher Henry , Han Thang Sieu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundObesity‐induced hypogonadism, which manifests as erectile dysfunction and a lack of libido, is a less visible and under‐recognized obesity‐related disorder in men.ObjectiveWe examined the impact of weight loss on total (TT) and free testosterone (FT) levels, and constructed nomograms to provide an easy‐to‐use visual aid for clinicians.Materials and methodsMeta‐analysis was conducted using RevMan (v5.3) and expressed in standardized mean differences (SMD) for testosterone. Parallel‐scale nomograms were constructed from baseline and target body mass index values to estimate the gain in testosterone.ResultsIn total, 44 studies were included, comprising 1,774 participants and 2,159 datasets, as some studies included several datasets at different time points. Weight loss was controlled by low calorie diet (LCD) in 19 studies (735 participants, 988 datasets), by bariatric surgery (BS) in 26 studies (1,039 participants, 1,171 datasets), and by both in one study. The median follow‐up was 26 weeks (interquartile range = 12–52). The range of baseline mean age was 21–68 yr, BMI: 26.2–71.2 kg/m2, TT: 7–20.2 nmol/L and FT: 140–583 pmol/L. TT levels increased after weight loss by LCD: SMD (95%CI) = 2.5 nmol/L (1.9–3.1) and by BS: SMD = 7.2 nmol/L (6.0–8.4); the combined TT gain was 4.8 nmol/L (3.9–5.6). FT levels increased after weight reduction by LCD: SMD = 19.9 pmol/L (7.3–32.5) and by BS: SMD = 58.0 pmol/L (44.3–71.7); the combined gain was 42.2 pmol/L (31.4–52.9). Greater amounts of total and free testosterone could be gained by weight loss in men with higher baseline BMI, or lower levels of SHBG, TT and FT, while gain in TT was relatively greater in older and FT in younger age. Age‐stratified nomograms revealed that compared to older men (> 40 yr), younger men (≤ 40 yr) gained less TT but more FT for a given weight loss.Discussion and conclusionBoth TT and FT levels increased after weight loss, relatively greater with higher baseline BMI, or lower levels of SHBG, TT and FT. Nomograms constructed from a large number of participants with a wide range of BMI and testosterone values provide an evidence‐based and simple‐to‐use tool in clinical practice.
How latanoprost changed glaucoma management
Authors: Cordeiro Maria Francesca , Gandolfi Stefano , Gugleta Konstantin , Normando Eduardo M. , Oddone Francesco 
Published: June 2023

AbstractGlaucoma is currently considered one of the leading causes of severe visual impairment and blindness worldwide. Topical medical therapy represents the treatment of choice for many glaucoma patients. Introduction of latanoprost, 25 years ago, with an entirely new mechanism of action from that of the antiglaucoma drugs used up to that time was a very important milestone. Since then, due mainly to their efficacy, limited systemic side effects and once daily dosing, prostaglandin analogues (PGAs) have become as the first‐choice treatment for primary open‐angle glaucoma. PGAs are in general terms well tolerated, although they are associated with several mild to moderate ocular and periocular adverse events. Among them, conjunctival hyperemia, eyelash changes, eyelid pigmentation, iris pigmentation and hypertrichosis around the eyes are the most prevalent. The objective of this paper is to review the role of PGAs in the treatment of glaucoma over the 25 years since the launch of Latanoprost and their impact on clinical practice outcomes.
The antioxidant/anti‐inflammatory protective effects of rutin against ethanol‐induced testicular perturbation in rats: Involvement of the immunosuppressive indoleamine 2,3‐dioxygenase
Authors: Ebokaiwe Azubuike Peter , Obasi Doris Olachi , Osawe Sharon Oluchi , Njoku Rex Clovis C. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study investigated the influence of rutin against EtOH‐induced testicular impairment in rats and the involvement of the indole‐aminergic pathway. Four groups of eight rats each were orally exposed to drinking water (Group 1), EtOH (5 g/kg bwt, Group 2), R (5 g/kg bwt, Group 3), and EtOH + R (5 g/kg bwt + 50 mg/kg bwt, Group 4) via gavage for 15 days. Results showed that exposure to EtOH significantly (p < 0.0001) reduced the testicular antioxidant system and increased lipid peroxidation (LPO) relative to control. We observed a significant (p < 0.0001) increase in the inflammatory biomarkers, with attendant disruption in the testicular histological structure and concomitant elevation in the activities of indoleamine 2,3‐dioxygenase (IDO), in comparison with control and no noticeable effects in tryptophan 2,3‐dioxygenase (TDO) activity across the groups. Rutin‐only exposed group did not show any alteration in the measured parameters when compared with the control. Rutin co‐exposure augmented the antioxidant system, prevented histological damage, reduced LPO and inflammation, and thus, lowered EtOH‐mediated increase in IDO activity, compared with control. Overall, these findings reveal the involvement of the indole‐aminergic pathway in rutin's protective influence against EtOH‐induced testicular impairment in rats.
Avoiding unnecessary suffering: Towards a moral minimum standard for humans' responsibility for animal welfare
Authors: Köllen Thomas , Schneeberger Doris 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAnimals are an important part of our social, economic and corporate world. Their wellbeing is significantly affected by the ways in which humans treat them. However, animals have long remained (and, indeed, continue to remain) effectively invisible in the business ethics and corporate responsibility discourse. This article argues in favor of the moral necessity of according animal welfare a higher priority in business. In line with most streams in both recent and traditional animal ethics, this article derives the avoidance of unnecessary animal suffering as the moral minimum standard for responsible management in the livestock industry. Based on a broad range of different interpretations of what animal suffering may be necessary, the article discusses three distinct ways in which humans working in the animal industry could meet their moral responsibility to avoid unnecessary suffering, and, with this, increase animal welfare: by ameliorating circumstances for animals, by aiming at a two‐pronged transformation, or by transforming into a “zero‐suffering” business. Considering animal welfare as a legitimate ethical value in and of itself is a first step towards overcoming the anthropocentric bias in today's sustainability and corporate responsibility debate.