bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Critique of the Nigerian Proceeds of Crime (Recovery & Management) Act 2022
Authors: Onyiuke Tochukwu 
Published: March 2023

Organized crime is a hazard to national security and the realization of institutional principles. Any society plagued by this menace must stir itself up to leave no safe space for any individual or entity seeking to surreptitiously transfer, conceal or utilize the proceeds of crime and corruption or to evade sanctions. In past decades, Nigeria’s effort expended on the anti-corruption war, although commendable, has not been met with commensurate outcome. This article examines Nigeria’s anti-corruption legislation in respect of the Proceeds of Crime (Recovery and Management) Act 2022 by providing legal analysis of this legislation in comparison with international best practices in the acquisition and disposal of these assets of crime. With the enactment of the Proceeds of Crime (Recovery and Management) Act 2022, the recovery of assets from the proceeds of crime remains the first priority of this legislation to meet the Government’s ambition to steadily increase the value of assets denied to and recovered from criminals. It does appear that the jurisprudential basis for the enactment of the Act is for the recovery of these assets through civil proceedings.
Keywords: criminal liability; forfeiture; Nigerian legislation; non-conviction-based recovery; proceeds of crime; right to property; stay of proceedings.
Experten – Generalisten: Zwei Zukünfte
Authors: Fansa Jonas 
Published: March 2023

Zusammenfassung
Zwei alternative Zukunftsszenarien der Bibliotheksarbeit werden beschrieben. Eines zeigt den Weg der Bibliothek in eine hoch spezialisierte Arbeitsweise auf, in der die Institutionen vor allem Nischenfunktionen ausfüllen und keine ausgeprägte öffentliche Präsenz mehr haben – das zweite Szenario beschreibt Bibliotheken als öffentlich sichtbare und wichtige Einrichtungen in einer demokratischen Zivilgesellschaft.
Hydrogen blending in existing natural gas transmission pipelines: a review of hydrogen embrittlement, governing codes, and life prediction methods
Authors: Kappes Mariano A. , Perez Teresa 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Existing natural gas pipelines provide an economic alternative for the transport of hydrogen (H2) in an envisioned hydrogen economy. Hydrogen can dissolve in the steel and cause hydrogen embrittlement (HE), compromising pipeline structural integrity. HE causes subcritical cracking, decreases ductility and fracture toughness, and increases the fatigue crack growth rate (FCGR). This work analyzes the testing standards in gaseous hydrogen used to quantify those effects. Design code ASME B31.12 applicable to hydrogen pipelines has more stringent requirements than ASME B31.8 code commonly used for constructing natural gas pipelines. Differences in materials requirements specified by those codes are summarized. ASME B31.12 pipeline code applies for H2 at a concentration greater than 10% molar. However, recent testing programs acknowledge that H2 degrades steel mechanical properties regardless of its percentage in the blend. This paper discusses how the hydrogen degraded mechanical properties affect pipeline integrity. Decreased mechanical properties cause a drop in the failure pressure of a flawed pipeline, calculated following a fitness for service methodology. There is an increasing risk of subcritical crack growth in H2 as the hardness of base metal and welds increases. This paper analyzes where zones with high hardness and susceptible microstructures are expected in existing pipelines.
Hybrid and cognitive digital twins for the process industry
Authors: Johansen Stein Tore , Unal Perin , Albayrak Özlem , Ikonen Enso , Linnestad Kasper J. , Jawahery Sudi , Srivastava Akhilesh K. , Løvfall Bjørn Tore 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In a Europe that is undergoing digital transformation, the COGNITWIN project is contributing to accelerate the transformation and introduce Industry 4.0 to the European process industries. The opportunities here can be illustrated by the SPIRE 2050 Vision document (https://www.spire2030.eu/sites/default/files/users/user85/Vision_Document_V6_Pages_Online_0.pdf), which states that “Digitalisation of process industries has a tremendous potential to dramatically accelerate change in resource management, process control and in the design and the deployment of disruptive new business models.” The process industries are characterized with harsh environments where sensors are either costly, not available, or may be subject to costly maintenance. The development of digital twins that can exploit the combinations of data-based and physics-based models is often found to be a preferred path to robust digital twins that can help cutting costs and reduce energy consumption. In this article, we present 5 out of 6 industrial pilots that are developed in the COGNITWIN project. We discuss the commonalities and differences between the selected approaches and give some ideas about how cognition can be incorporated into the digital twins. The aim of this article is to inspire similar projects in related industries.
Differentiation of dispositions toward ridicule and being laughed at in their relationships to self-reported eye contact aversion
Authors: Torres-Marín Jorge , Vizcaíno-Cuenca Rocío , Carretero-Dios Hugo 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This investigation examines the associations of three dispositions toward ridicule and being laughed at with individuals’ self-reported aversion to making eye contact (EC) across different interpersonal scenarios. Data were obtained in a sample of 226 adults (53.5% women). Our results showed that the fear of being laughed at (gelotophobia) and the joy in laughing at others (katagelasticism) were positively associated with the presence of subjective experiences of EC aversion in both routine (RS) and socially threatening situations (STS). By contrast, the joy in being laughed at (gelotophilia) was unrelated to these mutual gaze-related behaviors. Hierarchical regression analyses revealed that gelotophobia gave the best prediction of EC aversion regardless of the type of interpersonal situation (9–23% explained variance) after controlling for the influence of sociodemographics (effect sizes for STS > RS). Katagelasticism did not yield incremental variance in the prediction of any of these EC-related dimensions (<1%), which suggests that its prior correlations emerged due to overlapping variance with gelotophobia. Complementary further analyses revealed a significant interaction between gelotophobia (as a group factor) and the type of interpersonal situation on EC aversion. This revealed that whereas EC aversion in STS would increase as gelotophobia increases, solely gelotophobes—but not medium or lower scorers in gelotophobia—showed difficulties in maintaining EC effectively in RS. Implications of these findings are discussed in relation to the previous literature on EC, social behaviors, and laughter-related dispositions.
Computational research and the case for taking humor seriously
Authors: Cowie Roddy 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Computational research underscores the complex abilities underlying humor. Two decades of work have achieved substantial progress in some areas, notably systems that make jokes; detecting and generating laughter; and using irony in interactions. Sophisticated evaluations clarify both strengths and limitations. The achievements illuminate specific abilities, but also expose unsolved problems. The way humor pervades life is harder to match than self-contained episodes. Learning techniques are powerful, but providing the data they need is daunting. The medium is no longer simply verbal, but other modalities present deep challenges, such seeing the humor in a situation. There are real applications, but the most striking still depend on human support. Achievements and limitations together underscore the scale of the challenges involved in understanding humor.
Analysis of 4-inch cold leg top-slot break LOCA in ATLAS experimental facility using MARS-KS
Authors: Jeong Hyunjoon , Kim Taewan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI) has operated an integral effect test facility, the Advanced Thermal-Hydraulic Test Loop for Accident Simulation (ATLAS) with reference to the Advanced Power Reactor 1400 MW (APR1400) for transient and design basis accidents (DBAs) simulation. An experiment for a 4-inch cold leg top-slot break was performed at ATLAS to resolve a safety issue that the loop seal reformation (LSR) of APR1400 could lead to the increase of peak cladding temperature. In addition, the experimental data has been utilized to validate system codes within a framework of domestic standard problem (DSP) program organized by KAERI in collaboration with Korea Institute of Nuclear Safety (KINS). In this study, the experiment has been analyzed by thermal-hydraulic system analysis code, MARS-KS 1.5 and a comparison with experimental and calculation results has been performed. Since the top-slot break is not a typical break geometry for safety analyses, this study aims at examining the applicability of MARS-KS to the top-slot break accident where the LSR occurs repeatedly. The results revealed that overall physical behavior during the accident was predicted by the code, appropriately. MARS-KS showed the excursion of the peak cladding temperature because of the LSR as in experiment. It has been confirmed that the core integrity was maintained because the temperature excursion by the LSR was not large enough to alter the acceptance criteria. In addition, it is presented the results of the sensitivity analysis of parameter that affect the figure of merits.
Hemmnisse beim Data Sharing: Empirie und Handlungsempfehlungen
Authors: Röhl Klaus-Heiner , Scheufen Marc 
Published: March 2023

Zusammenfassung
Digitalisierung und Datenbewirtschaftung werden zunehmend zu bestimmenden Faktoren der wirtschaftlichen Tätigkeit von Unternehmen. Untersuchungen zeigen jedoch, dass viele Unternehmen in der Nutzung und insbesondere beim Teilen von Daten deutlich hinter den technischen Möglichkeiten zurückbleiben und die sich bietenden geschäftlichen Potenziale nicht ausnutzen. Dies liegt auch an Hemmnissen. Die bisherige Literatur zu den relevanten Hemmfaktoren ist jedoch überschaubar. Um diese Lücke zu schließen, analysieren Klaus-Heiner Röhl und Marc Scheufen Daten einer Unternehmensbefragung bezüglich verschiedener Hemmnisse. Wie sich ergibt, stuft eine überwiegende Mehrheit von Unternehmen insbesondere rechtliche Hemmnisse als relevant ein, was auf einen steigenden Bedarf an datenbezogener rechtlicher Expertise hinweist. Es zeigt sich, dass vor allem solche Firmen, die zur Datenbewirtschaftung eher fähig sind, signifikant häufiger rechtliche, aber auch andere Hemmnisse sehen. Die Autoren folgern, dass die höhere Sensibilität dieser Unternehmen für die Hürden beim Bewirtschaften von Daten im Allgemeinen und mit Bezug auf das Teilen von Daten im Besonderen ein Signal für wirtschaftspolitisches Handeln sein sollte.
Accelerating Maturation of Spatial Memory Systems by Experience: Evidence from Sleep Oscillation Signatures of Memory Processing
Authors: Contreras María P. , Fechner Julia , Born Jan , Inostroza Marion 
Published: March 2023

During early development, memory systems gradually mature over time, in parallel with the gradual accumulation of knowledge. Yet, it is unknown whether and to what extent maturation is driven by discrete experience. Sleep is thought to contribute to the formation of long-term memory and knowledge through a systems consolidation process that is driven by specific sleep oscillations (i.e., ripples, spindles, and slow oscillations) in cortical and hippocampal networks. Based on these oscillatory signatures, we show here in rats that discrete spatial experience speeds the functional maturation of spatial memory systems during development. Juvenile male rats were exposed for 5 min periods to changes in the spatial configuration of two identical objects on postnatal day (PD)25, PD27, and PD29 (Spatial experience group), while a Control group was exposed on these occasions to the same two objects without changing their positions. On PD31, both groups were tested on a classical Object Place Recognition (OPR) task with a 3 h retention interval during which the sleep-associated EEG and hippocampal local field potentials were recorded. On PD31, consistent with forgoing studies, Control rats still did not express OPR memory. By contrast, rats with Spatial experience formed significant OPR memory and, in parallel, displayed an increased percentage of hippocampal ripples coupled to parietal slow oscillation-spindle complexes, and a stronger ripple-spindle phase-locking during the retention sleep. Our findings support the idea that experience promotes the maturation of memory systems during development by enhancing cortico-hippocampal information exchange and the formation of integrated knowledge representations during sleep.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTCognitive and memory capabilities mature early in life. We show here that and how discrete spatial experience contributes to this process. Using a simple recognition paradigm in developing rats, we found that exposure of the rat pups to three short-lasting experiences enhances spatial memory capabilities to adult-like levels. The adult-like capability of building spatial memory was connected to a more precise coupling of ripples in the hippocampus with slow oscillation-spindle complexes in the thalamo-cortical system when the memory was formed during sleep. Our findings support the view that discrete experience accelerates maturation of cognitive and memory capabilities by enhancing the dialogue between hippocampus and cortex when these experiences are reprocessed during sleep.
Leveraging homologous recombination repair deficiency in sarcoma
Authors: Slade Dea , Loizou Joanna I 
Published: March 2023

Personalised oncology is at the forefront of cancer research. The goal of personalised oncology is to selectively kill cancer cells while minimising side effects on normal tissue. This can be achieved by identifying and targeting cancer vulnerabilities that distinguish it from normal cells. Many cancers are deficient in high‐fidelity DNA repair pathways that maintain genomic stability, such as homologous recombination (HR). Such cancers are highly sensitive to targeted therapies that induce DNA damage or inhibit DNA repair pathways. A notable example and a poster child of personalised oncology are PARP1/2 inhibitors (PARPi) that selectively kill HR‐deficient (HRD) cancer cells by preventing repair of DNA gaps or single‐strand breaks (SSBs) (Slade, 2020). Inhibitors of cell cycle checkpoints such as CHK1 and WEE1 can also eliminate HRD cancers by pushing cancer cells through the cell cycle despite unrepaired DNA damage and causing death by mitotic catastrophe (Groelly et al, 2022). PARPi have been approved for the treatment of ovarian, breast, pancreatic, and prostate cancer but other cancer types with an HRD signature (HRDness) may also respond to PARPi treatment. Planas‐Paz et al (2023) now show that many sarcomas show HRDness and respond to PARP1/2 and WEE1 inhibitors, thus offering a new personalised oncology approach for this treatment‐refractory cancer.
A stimulus‐contingent positive feedback loop enables IFN‐β dose‐dependent activation of pro‐inflammatory genes
Authors: Wilder Catera L , Lefaudeux Diane , Mathenge Raisa , Kishimoto Kensei , Zuniga Munoz Alma , Nguyen Minh A , Meyer Aaron S , Cheng Quen J , Hoffmann Alexander 
Published: March 2023

AbstractType I interferons (IFN) induce powerful antiviral and innate immune responses via the transcription factor, IFN‐stimulated gene factor (ISGF3). However, in some pathological contexts, type I IFNs are responsible for exacerbating inflammation. Here, we show that a high dose of IFN‐β also activates an inflammatory gene expression program in contrast to IFN‐λ3, a type III IFN, which elicits only the common antiviral gene program. We show that the inflammatory gene program depends on a second, potentiated phase in ISGF3 activation. Iterating between mathematical modeling and experimental analysis, we show that the ISGF3 activation network may engage a positive feedback loop with its subunits IRF9 and STAT2. This network motif mediates stimulus‐specific ISGF3 dynamics that are dependent on ligand, dose, and duration of exposure, and when engaged activates the inflammatory gene expression program. Our results reveal a previously underappreciated dynamical control of the JAK–STAT/IRF signaling network that may produce distinct biological responses and suggest that studies of type I IFN dysregulation, and in turn therapeutic remedies, may focus on feedback regulators within it.
Protection of C2C12 skeletal muscle cells toward oxidation by a polyphenol-rich plant extract
Authors: Kaminski Jacques , Haumont Marc , Prost-Camus Emmanuelle , Durand Philippe , Prost Michel , Lizard Gérard , Latruffe Norbert 
Published: March 2023

Graphical abstract

Abstract
Sarcopenia is a very disabling age-related disease which affects the mass and strength of skeletal muscles. This syndrome has no efficient treatment and is associated with important oxidative stress which could play important role in skeletal muscle degeneration. In this context, the cytoprotective activity and the antioxidant properties of a polyphenol-rich plant extract (PRPE) were evaluated in undifferentiated C2C12 murine skeletal muscle cells (myoblasts). PRPE is a potent antioxidant mixture as shown by its reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging properties by using the Kit Radicaux Libres method and the dihydroethidium (DHE) scavenging assay. In addition, PRPE has significant protecting properties in C2C12 cells toward oxidative stress triggered by 2, 2′-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH) which is an ROS generator, as measured by different complementary approaches. PRPE counteracts several AAPH-induced cytotoxic effects. PRPE prevents morphological changes evaluated by phase contrast microscopy and decreases the number of dying cells determined by counting in the presence of trypan blue and the intracellular ROS overproduction evaluated by flow cytometry after staining with DHE. In addition, PRPE tends to normalize the expression of genes (peroxiredoxin 1 (Pdrx1), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and peroxisome proliferator-activator receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (Pgc1α)) involved in the oxidant stress defense under ROS exposure. Altogether; our data show that PRPE has potent antioxidant properties and protects C2C12 skeletal muscle cells toward AAPH-induced oxidative stress. These cytoprotective properties of PRPE in skeletal muscle cells submitted to a pro-oxidant environment deserve further investigation in the context of sarcopenia.
Acciones colectivas juveniles en Mendoza, Argentina
Authors: Seca María Victoria 
Published: March 2023

Over the last decades, there appeared phenomena of social protest, collective action and participation with a strong youth component. This increased visibility of young people as a differentiated political subject with their own demands and actions has gone hand in hand with the expansion of youth studies. Therefore, this paper focuses on young people's motivations for participation in youth collective actions. Methodologically, this research is qualitative and it's a multiple case study. There are two cases: a popular library and a cultural center. Both are located in working class neighborhoods in the metropolitan area of Mendoza, Argentina, and they are representative of other youth experiences that move away from the traditional structures of political participation. The motivational universe and the emotional field of participatory practices are studied. We conclude that there is an individual motivation that can only be solved collectively. In this process, the peer group provides meaning to the daily experience, bonds are created and an emotional community is generated that operates as a means and an end to collective actions.
Університетські бібліотеки як центри наукових комунікацій (за досвідом вищих навчальних закладів Азербайджанської Республіки)
Authors: Гардашов Рашад , Казімі Парвіз 
Published: March 2023

Досліджень щодо трансформації університетських бібліотек у наш час є чимало. Бібліотеки ВНЗ досліджуються в різних напрямках і аналізуються як частина навчального, педагогічного та наукового процесу. Безперечно, розширення функцій підвищує цінність і роль цих бібліотек.
У статті подано інформацію про питання комплексного висвітлення документних ресурсів з навчальної літератури бібліотечно-інформаційних центрів вищих навчальних закладів у сучасний час та проаналізовано приклади з досвіду роботи конкретних університетських бібліотек. До дослідження були залучені лише бібліотеки передових університетів Азербайджанської Республіки.
Університетські бібліотеки Азербайджану виступають одними з провідних структурних закладів вищої освіти. Прискореними темпами здійснюється процес перетворення бібліотек на центри духовних та інтелектуальних зв’язків, забезпечення освітньо-науковою, навчальною, науковою, методичною літературою та інформаційними матеріалами, що популяризують знання. У статті проаналізовано та зроблено практичні узагальнення на основі фактів, що базуються на вітчизняному та зарубіжному досвіді у цій сфері.
Вивчається світовий досвід роботи бібліотек вищих навчальних закладів та порівнюється з досвідом роботи бібліотек Азербайджану. Враховуючи практичне значення публічних бібліотек таких як: наукова бібліотека БДУ (Бакинського державного університету), Бібліотечно-інформаційний центр Азербайджанського державного педагогічного університету (АДПУ), бібліотека «Бакинського інженерного університету», «Головна бібліотека ім. Азербайджанський державний університет нафти та промисловості», бібліотека Азербайджанського університету «Лінгвістика» розглядався та порівнювався їх досвід роботи.