bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Girdling and Paclobutrazol on Growth, Plant Physiology, Inflorescence and Fruiting of Mangifera indica cv. Harumanis in Agroclimatic-Zone 3 of Peninsular Malaysia
Authors: Saiin Sebrina Shahniza , Razak Sabrina Abdul , Rashid Mohd Aziz , Hassan Muhamad Hafiz Muhamad , Sabdin Zul Helmey Mohamad 
Published: February 2023

Aims: This experiment aimed to study the effect of girdling, paclobutrazol application, combined methods, and untreated trees on physiological response, vegetative and reproductive growth, and fruiting.
Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out from August 2021 to June 2022 at MARDI, Serdang, Selangor, using five years of open-field Mangifera indica cv. Harumanis trees.
Study Design: The study was arranged in the frame of randomized complete block design with three replications and three samples per treatment; ANOVA and DMRT at p=0.05 were used for significance and post hoc comparison, respectively.
Methodology: Each replication consists of: T1- No induction (Control); T2- girdling at primary branches; T3- soil drenching at 4 ml/l PBZ and T4- girdling at primary branches + soil drenching at 4 ml/l PBZ. The girdling process was performed by removing a 10 mm width ring of bark at all primary branches. Paclobutrazol (25% active ingredient) of the commercial product was used. The treatments were performed concurrently on 1st December 2021 at the same morphological size as the tree subjected to similar light exposure.
Results: The combination method of girdling and paclobutrazol application had the most significant adverse effect on internode length. Nevertheless, no significant difference was observed in plant stem diameter, height, number of primary and secondary branches, and number of shoots generated from all treatments. The combined method reflected a significant reduction in stomatal conductance, rate of photosynthesis, and transpiration rate. However, the intercellular CO2 concentration of this combined method and untreated tree is significantly higher. Flowering appears on the leaf buds 90 days after the treatment for paclobutrazol application and the combined method. These methods also resulted in yield per fruit and yield per tree.
Conclusion: Based on the results, the combination method of girdling and paclobutrazol application was effective to reduce vegetative growth, suppress physiological capacity, yet the most effective to produce flowering and fruit yield.
YouTube as an Auxiliary Source of Learning Clinical Skills for Dental Students in Qassim Dental College in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Abdullah Amal , Alyahya Sereen Omar , Kalevaru Chandra Sekhar 
Published: February 2023

Background: Since year 2000 onwards, there is tremendous improvement in the areas of Dental education and also considerable improvement in E-learning. The current generation of students as well as the faculty mostly rely on the electronic gadgets, apps and most of the information is available on mobile with internet connection, which is feasible in developed countries educational institutes perspectives. Aim of the present study is to evaluate the YouTube usage, importance in the clinical procedures and attitude towards learning among the study participants.
Methodology: A cross sectional study was conducted among the dental students of college dentistry, Qassim university during the period from February 2022 to December 2022. A sample of 92 dental students were participated and questionnaire distributed through google form. Data entered and cleaned with Statistical package social sciences (SPSS). Chi square test applied for the categorical variables in the study.
Results: In the present study, about 92 dental students participated and questionnaire distributed to 130 students. In the current study, 52.2% were females and two thirds of students (66.3%) in the age group of 22-24 years. About 93.5% were using YouTube more than 5 years and 73.9% of them using you tube daily. Nearly 84.2% of 3rd year students used restorative procedure. There was statistically significant association was observed between YouTube users and types of dental procedures (P<0.05).
Conclusions : Based on the study findings, majority of the dental students were using YouTube. Of which, majority 3rd year students used YouTube for restorative procedure and their choice of use depends upon their necessity, understanding and also opined that their faculty to be posted their YouTube videos on the social media to get genuinely and credibility.
Influence of Agricultural Marketing on Indian Agribusiness – A Marketing Personnels' POV
Authors: Uikey Ashish A. 
Published: February 2023

India's agriculture industry is crucial to the overall growth of the country's economy. As a consequence of this, boosting the output of agriculture is strongly encouraged. In order for the marketing infrastructure to keep up with rising agricultural output, it will need to undergo development. For this reason, a robust agricultural marketing system is of the utmost significance for a nation that relies so heavily on farming as the primary economic activity. At the current time, the agricultural industry is confronted with a substantial number of dangers and obstacles. Farmers suffer from extreme poverty and have significant amounts of debt. As a consequence of this, the number of farmers who take their own lives is quickly increasing. Over the course of the last several years, the percentage of GDP that is contributed by agriculture has been continuously decreasing. Changes are being made in the composition of the agricultural labour force. There is a rising lack of labour due to the fact that individuals are departing from the agricultural sector and moving into the construction, textile, and other unorganized sectors. The over-application of fertilizer and pesticides is another factor that reduces production.
Agricultural marketing is comprised of a number of different procedures and activities that work together to ensure that food and raw materials make it from the land of production to the end users. Not only are there local markets for the products of agriculture, but there are also international and industrial markets. The most effective method of marketing is one that allows the farmer to make a satisfactory quantity of profit from their labour. In this study, the researcher has used both primary and secondary sources for gathering the data, also respondents are chosen based on the convenience sampling method. From the overall analysis it, is noted that the application of agriculture marketing enables in enhancing the income of the individuals, effectively supports in increasing the GDP and creating employment.
Debt Crisis and Nigerian Economy: An Assessment of the Buhari Administration (2015-2021)
Authors: Fatima Fadahunsi , Olasunkanmi Osundina 
Published: February 2023

External debt or recourse to loan borrowing is an effective measure providing alternative funding to augment limited monetary resources of a country in her quest for economic development. This loan, when appropriately used, advance infrastructural development that brings great dividend to the citizens but a departure from this put pressure on the economy which might lead to economy doldrums. Therefore, the aim is to examine if continuous loan actually generate economy buoyancy
The study use qualitative analysis. Hence, it adopts a case-study research design approach. Primary data were generated from interviews with experts in the field of debt management and researchers in the area of political economy. Also, secondary data such as; journals, articles, books, library websites, newspapers, theses and dissertation and Debt Data documented by the Debt Management Office (DMO) available for a seven-year period (2015-2021).
The paper found out that mismanagement and misappropriation of borrowed funds are the bane of development in Nigeria. Also, government neglect to economy diversification has made recourse to loan taking desirable as a source of alternative revenue for the country.
Therefore, it was recommended that better debt policies to restructure and checkmate debt profile in Nigeria should be instituted while diversification of the economy will address the debt-to-revenue ratio impact of borrowing.
A Study on Laboratory Type Paper Machine Using Nano Fibrillated Cellulose from Recycled Old Corrugated Containerboard as Bio Additive in Board Production
Authors: Dölle Klaus , Darius Jacob , Medina Rodrigo Castillo , Henkler Owen , Day Jonathan 
Published: February 2023

Raw material, energy, water, and additive cost are challenges for today’s board manufacturing and new sustainable solutions are needed to produce paper products with an favorable environmental footprint.
A laboratory Fourdrinier paper machine study manufactured a board product with a targeted basis weight of 80 g/m² without and with the addition of ground calcium carbonate at a targeted filler level of 10%. Nano fibrillated cellulose produced from recycled old corrugated containerboard with a Valley Beater at a Canadian Standard Freeness level of 40 ml was added at 4% based on oven dry basis weight. Results revealed an increased ash and fine retention as well as an increased burst Index, short span compression strength, and tear index for the base paper as well as with and without ground calcium carbonate addition.
A Model of Footstep Generator
Authors: Abadah Great O. 
Published: February 2023

Sufficient energy generation is one the key amenities lack in Nigeria. Also, the effect of fossil fuel forced to seek for alternative energy sources. In order to solve the problem of energy in Nigeria and to achieve zero carbon emission, a footstep general prototype was developed using reversed manufacturing. Reversed manufacturing method was aborted in order to conserved energy, material and the environment and minimize waste especially e- waste. The performance of machine was evaluated based on the stepping pressure of humans that weigh between 50kg to 120kg.
A Comparative Pharmaceutico-Analytical Study of Saindavadhi Ghrita Prepared with Murchchhit and Amurchchhit Ghrita and Evaluation of Its Antiepileptic Efficacy in Swiss Albino Mice – A Study Protocol
Authors: Nidhin M. M. , Rathi Bharat , Rathi Renu , Kumar Saranya S. 
Published: February 2023

Background: Epilepsy accounts for a significant proportion of the world’s disease burden, affecting around 50 million people worldwide. With the increased incidence rate of epilepsy, a few treatment modalities as well as formulations are being developed in recent years, but the complete recovery from the symptoms of epilepsy is not recorded till today. However, there is a search for a formulation that shows quick and longstanding efficacy on epilepsy. Saindavadhi Ghrita is one such formulation mentioned in Yogaratnakara Apasmara Chikista.
Aim: A comparative Pharmaceutico-analytical study of Saindavadhi Ghrita prepared with Murchchhit and Amurchchhit Ghrita (MSG & ASG) and evaluation of its antiepileptic efficacy in Swiss albino mice.
Methodology: Preparation of Saindavadhi Ghrita will be carried out with Murchchhit and Amurchchhit Ghrita and an analytical study will be done. Prepared Saindavadhi Ghrita (MSG & ASG) will be evaluated for its antiepileptic action on Swiss albino mice.
Observations & Results: Analysis and Experimental study shall be documented and presented in the form of data, photographs, tables, charts, etc. as applicable. The data obtained will be analyzed by using a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Dunnett’s multiple comparison t-tests as a post hoc test for determining the level of significance of the observed effects.
Conclusion: MSG is expected to be to show significant antiepileptic efficacy in Swiss albino mice as compared to ASG.
Evaluation of the Effect of Xerostomia and Hyposalivation on Oral Health Related Quality of Life among Polymedicated Patients
Authors: Koduri Sridevi , Buduru Krishnaveni , Nalli Prasanth Kumar , Masa Ankitha , Mallolu Vinolia Sharon , Tellakula Vineela 
Published: February 2023

Aim: To evaluate the effect of xerostomia & hyposalivation on oral health related quality of life among polymedicated patients.
Study Design: A descriptive cross sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Saliva samples were obtained from the participants and Questionnaires were answered in the Department of Oral Medicine & Radiology, Lenora Institute of Dental Sciences, Andhra Pradesh, from 12th Oct 2021 to 25th Nov 2021.
Methodology: A total of 62 polymedicated subjects who are regularly administered with any two of the following medications: anticonvulsants, antidepressants, oral hypoglycemics, antihypertensives, antihistamines for more than 1 year were randomly selected. The stimulated and unstimulated salivary flow rates of subjects were recorded using sialometry. The subjects further answered Oral Health Impact Profile Questionnaire (OHIP-14sp) and all the obtained values were analyzed using Spearman correlation test with a significant P value of 0.05 and SPSS version 23.
Results: The presence of hyposalivation and xerostomia was observed in majority of the study population. Patients with hyposalivation revealed a mean score of 9.50±3.25 and 15.0 ± 6.8 with the OHIP and SXI questionnaires respectively, with a P value of .10 which was considered statistically significant.
Conclusion: The correlation of SXI and OHIP-14sp scores with the prevalence of xerostomia and hyposalivation suggests the need for preventive measures related to oral health among polymedicated patients.
Captain Cook had a treatment plan
Authors: Bowden Roy 
Published: February 2023

This paper highlights questions regarding the relevance of diagnosis and treatment methods within psychotherapy. (Psychotherapy is viewed as a separate profession with links to psychoanalysis, psychiatry and clinical psychology). The theses are as follows; Diagnosis and treatment are concepts which prevent therapists from viewing the client as a whole person. Therapists who diagnose client difficulties overlay client presentations with their own favoured perceptions. Treatment plans are usually made according to a defined modality which views the world through a set of theories instead of ideas created by client and therapist together. Diagnostic formulations and treatment plans are also culturally bound instruments which may result in therapeutic colonisation.
Association of Proton Pump Inhibitor Use With Risk of Acquiring Drug-Resistant Enterobacterales
Authors: Willems Roel P. J. , Schut Martijn C. , Kaiser Anna M. , Groot Thomas H. , Abu-Hanna Ameen , Twisk Jos W. R. , van Dijk Karin , Vandenbroucke-Grauls Christina M. J. E. 
Published: February 2023

ImportanceProton-pump inhibitors (PPIs) have been associated with the risk of colonization with drug-resistant bacteria; however, possible confounding by lifestyle-associated factors and disease severity casts doubt on this association, and whether the risk is dose dependent is not known.ObjectivesTo assess the association between PPI use and the risk of acquiring drug-resistant Enterobacterales and to examine interactions with possible microbiome-altering agents.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis nested case-control study involved 2239 hospitalized adult (aged ≥18 years) patients identified from the microbiology laboratory database of Amsterdam University Medical Centers between December 31, 2018, and January 6, 2021. Patients in the case group had newly detected extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)– or carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (identified by clinical specimens). Risk-set sampling was used to assign patients with negative results for ESBL- and carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales to the control group, who were then matched on a 5:1 ratio with patients in the case group by age and culture date. A second validation case-control study included matched pairs (1:1 ratio; 94 in each group) of patients who were prospectively enrolled.ExposuresProton pump inhibitor use and clinical data at 30 days (primary exposure) and 90 days (secondary exposure) before the date of culture.Main Outcomes and MeasuresAdjusted incidence rate ratios (aIRRs) of ESBL- or carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales acquisition by PPI dose and time risk windows (30 days for the primary outcome and 90 days for the secondary outcome) were estimated using conditional logistic regression models.ResultsAmong 2239 hospitalized patients (51.1% male; mean [SD] age, 60.9 [16.7] years), 374 were in the case group (51.6% male; mean [SD] age, 61.1 [16.5] years) and 1865 were in the matched control group (51.0% male; mean [SD] age, 60.9 [16.7] years). The aIRR for PPI use overall was 1.48 (95% CI, 1.15-1.91) at 30 days. Sensitivity analyses and the analysis of the pair-matched study with prospectively enrolled patients (aIRR, 2.96, 95% CI, 1.14-7.74) yielded similar results; findings were consistent in subgroups and corroborated by a negative-control exposure analysis. No association with microbiome-disturbing agents was found; laxatives and antibiotics were independently associated with a more than 2-fold increase in the risk of acquisition (antibiotics: aIRR, 2.78 [95% CI, 2.14-3.59]; laxatives: aIRR, 2.26 [95% CI. 1.73-2.94]).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this study, after careful control for confounding and sensitivity analyses, PPI use was associated with increases in the risk of acquiring ESBL- or carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales among adult hospitalized patients. These findings emphasize the need for judicious use of PPIs.
Association of Brain Metastases With Survival in Patients With Limited or Stable Extracranial Disease
Authors: Li Alyssa Y. , Gaebe Karolina , Zulfiqar Amna , Lee Grace , Jerzak Katarzyna J. , Sahgal Arjun , Habbous Steven , Erickson Anders W. , Das Sunit 
Published: February 2023

ImportanceIntracranial metastatic disease (IMD) is a severe complication of cancer with profound prognostic implications. Patients with IMD in the setting of limited or stable extracranial disease (IMD-SE) may represent a unique and understudied subset of patients with IMD with superior prognosis.ObjectiveTo evaluate overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and intracranial PFS (iPFS) in patients with IMD-SE secondary to any primary cancer.Data SourcesRecords were identified from MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, and gray literature sources from inception to June 21, 2021.Study SelectionStudies in English reporting OS, PFS, or iPFS in patients with IMD-SE (defined as IMD and ≤2 extracranial metastatic sites) and no prior second-line chemotherapy or brain-directed therapy were selected.Data Extraction and SynthesisAuthor, year of publication, type of study, type of primary cancer, and outcome measures were extracted. Random-effects meta-analyses were performed to estimate effect sizes, and subgroup meta-analysis and metaregression were conducted to measure between-study differences in February 2022.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary end point was OS described as hazard ratios (HRs) and medians for comparative and single-group studies, respectively. Secondary end points were PFS and iPFS.ResultsOverall, 68 studies (5325 patients) were included. IMD-SE was associated with longer OS (HR, 0.52; 95% CI, 0.39-0.70) and iPFS (HR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.52-0.76) compared with IMD in the setting of progressive extracranial disease. The weighted median OS estimate for patients with IMD-SE was 17.9 months (95% CI, 16.4-22.0 months), and for patients with IMD-PE it was 8.0 months (95% CI, 7.2-12.8 months). Pooled median OS for all patients with IMD-SE was 20.9 months (95% CI, 16.35-25.98 months); for the subgroup with breast cancer it was 20.2 months (95% CI, 10.43-38.20 months), and for non–small cell lung cancer it was 27.5 months (95% CI, 18.27-49.66 months). Between-study heterogeneity for OS and iPFS were moderate (I2 = 56.5%) and low (I2 = 0%), respectively.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this systematic review and meta-analysis of patients with IMD-SE, limited systemic disease was associated with improved OS and iPFS. Future prospective trials should aim to collect granular information on the extent of extracranial disease to identify drivers of mortality and optimal treatment strategies in patients with brain metastases.
Long‐term risk of seizure after posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome
Authors: Seitz Alison , Parauda Sarah C. , Salehi Omran Setareh , Schweitzer Andrew D. , Liberman Ava L. , Murthy Santosh B. , Merkler Alexander E. , Navi Babak B. , Iadecola Costantino , Kamel Hooman , Zhang Cenai , Parikh Neal S. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectivePatients with posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) can develop seizures during the acute phase. We sought to determine the long‐term risk of seizure after PRES.MethodsWe performed a retrospective cohort study using statewide all‐payer claims data from 2016–2018 from nonfederal hospitals in 11 US states. Adults admitted with PRES were compared to adults admitted with stroke, an acute cerebrovascular disorder associated with long‐term risk of seizure. The primary outcome was seizure diagnosed during an emergency room visit or hospital admission after the index hospitalization. The secondary outcome was status epilepticus. Diagnoses were determined using previously validated ICD‐10‐CM codes. Patients with seizure diagnoses before or during the index admission were excluded. We used Cox regression to evaluate the association of PRES with seizure, adjusting for demographics and potential confounders.ResultsWe identified 2095 patients hospitalized with PRES and 341,809 with stroke. Median follow‐up was 0.9 years (IQR, 0.3–1.7) in the PRES group and 1.0 years (IQR, 0.4–1.8) in the stroke group. Crude seizure incidence per 100 person‐years was 9.5 after PRES and 2.5 after stroke. After adjustment for demographics and comorbidities, patients with PRES had a higher risk of seizure than patients with stroke (HR, 2.9; 95% CI, 2.6–3.4). Results were unchanged in a sensitivity analysis that applied a two‐week washout period to mitigate detection bias. A similar relationship was observed for the secondary outcome of status epilepticus.InterpretationPRES was associated with an increased long‐term risk of subsequent acute care utilization for seizure compared to stroke.
Ultrathin Composite Li Electrode for High‐Performance Li Metal Batteries: A Review from Synthetic Chemistry
Authors: Wang Qian , Zou Pengkun , Ren Longtao , Wang Shi , Wang Yan , Huang Ziyi , Hou Zhaoxia , Jiang Zheheng , Lu Xiwen , Lu Tiantian , Guan Lixiang , Hou Lifeng , Yang Chengkai , Liu Wen , Wei Yinghui 
Published: February 2023

AbstractLi metal anode attracts tremendous attention in next‐generation battery systems with high energy density, but volume change and dendritic growth limit its practical applications. Composite Li electrode can fundamentally suppress the volume effect and decrease the local current density, ensuring long‐term cycling life. However, up to now, there is only limited success in preparing multifarious composite Li electrode, especially in thickness, posing great obstacles to further promoting its research and application. In this review, the thickness of composite Li electrode are strategically focussed upon and the merits and existing challenges of ultrathin composite Li electrode are evaluated. Meanwhile, the design principles and fundamental requirements for ultrathin composite Li electrode in the future are summarized and the existing cases related to this field are outlined as much as possible from synthetic chemistry, hoping it can serve as a handbook to provide a comprehensive understanding and guide reliable fabrication of advanced composite Li electrode. Challenges and opportunities regarding this burgeoning field are also critically evaluated at the end of this review.