bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Proper Interplay Between the Expression of Spo11 Splice Isoforms and the Structure of the Pseudoautosomal Region Promotes Xy Chromosomes Recombination
Authors: Giannattasio Teresa , Testa Erika , Faieta Monica , Lampitto Matteo , Nardozi Daniela , Cecca Stefano Di , Russo Antonella , Barchi Marco 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
XY chromosome missegregation is relatively common in humans and can lead to sterility or the generation of aneuploid spermatozoa. A leading cause of XY missegregation in mammals is the lack of formation of double-strand breaks (DSBs) in the pseudo-autosomal region (PAR), a defect that may occur in mice due to faulty expression of Spo11 splice isoforms. Using a knock-in (ki) mouse that expresses only the single Spo11β splice isoform, here we demonstrate that by varying the genetic background of mice, the length of chromatin loops extending from the PAR axis and the XY recombination proficiency varies. In spermatocytes of C57Spo11βki/- mice, in which loops are relatively short, recombination/synapsis between XY is fairly normal. In contrast, in cells of C57/129Spo11βki/- males where PAR loops are relatively long, formation of DSBs in the PAR (more frequently the Y-PAR) and XY synapsis fails at a high rate, and mice produce sperm with sex-chromosomal aneuploidy. However, if the entire set of Spo11 splicing isoforms is expressed by a wild type allele in the C57/129 background, XY recombination and synapsis is recovered. By generating a Spo11αki mouse model, we prove that concomitant expression of SPO11β and SPO11α isoforms, boosts DSB formation in the PAR. Based on these findings, we propose that SPO11 splice isoforms cooperate functionally in promoting recombination in the PAR, constraining XY asynapsis defects that may arise due to differences in the conformation of the PAR between mouse strains."
Anti-inflammatory effects of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in THP-1 macrophages: promising in-vitro insights
Authors: Hinai Hamed Al , Hooper Sam , Potter Steve , Alawi Sulaiman Amur Al , Shuhoumi Mohammed Al , Anna Dorel 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objectives
Uncontrolled inflammation is a one route to the pathogenesis and development of inflammatory diseases. The scientific literature has reported many evidences supporting the notion that polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) belonging to the family of n-3 including docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), have an anti-inflammatory function. Although much has been learned about EPA and DHA, so many questions remain unanswered, including the differential effects on health of DHA and EPA as well as the dose-response effect on clinical outcomes. The present study is aimed to investigate the effect of the PUFAs; EPA and DHA in the inflammatory responses in LPS-stimulated THP-1 macrophages.
Methods
Cells were incubated for 24 and 48 hours with EPA and DHA. Cell viability test were used to determine the viability of cells during and after incubation. Doses concentrations of 0.09 and 0.45 mM for both EPA and DHA were utilized to study the expression levels of inflammatory cytokines that were measured by ELISA test. All data were presented as SEM and subjected to normality test by Anderson and Pearson tests and the statistical significance difference was determined via one-way ANOVA test.
Results
Our study revealed interesting findings that are in a significant agreement to other studies in the literature. DHA illustrated a decrease on the levels of IL-6 in LPS-stimulated THP-1 cells treated with 0.09 mM, and a greater reduction with 0.45 mM DHA concentration (P < 0.001). Moreover, DHA in our study, achieved no statistically significant difference in TNF-alpha inflammatory cytokines compared to cells alone (P < 0.001). On the other hand, LPS-stimulated THP-1 cells, when subjected to EPA, it showed a significant decline in both IL-6 and TNF-alpha in the higher dose only and failed to express a statistically significant difference in 0.09 mM (P < 0.001).
Conclusion
In conclusion, our data support the notion that PUFAs represented in EPA and DHA, are capable to reduce the expression of inflammatory cytokines. DHA stands out as a more potent anti-inflammatory agent which is a suggestive for a valuable marker to fight chronic diseases. Both in-vivo animals and human trials are urgently demanded to validate our current data.
Der Entzug des Bürgerrechts. Eine Einordnung der Schweizer Praxis
Authors: Von Rütte Barbara 
Published: August 2023

Bundesgericht und Bundesverwaltungsgericht haben sich im vergangenen Jahr zum ersten Mal mit der Frage auseinandersetzen müssen, unter welchen Voraussetzungen der Entzug des Schweizer Bürgerrechts gemäss Art. 42 des Bürgerrechtsgesetzes rechtmässig ist. Dabei äussern sich die Gerichte auch zu den neu in Art. 30 der Bürgerrechtsverordnung geregelten Voraussetzungen für einen Entzug des Bürgerrechts. Die beiden Urteile bieten Anlass für eine kritische Diskussion der aktuellen Ausbürgerungspraxis der Schweiz, insbesondere mit Blick auf das Diskriminierungsverbot und das Verhältnismässigkeitsprinzip.
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L'année dernière, le Tribunal fédéral et le Tribunal administratif fédéral ont examiné pour la première fois les conditions permettant un retrait de la nationalité selon l'art. 42 de la loi sur la nationalité suisse. A cette occasion, les tribunaux se sont également prononcés sur les conditions nouvellement réglées à l'art. 30 de l'ordonnance sur la nationalité suisse. Ces deux arrêts donnent lieu à une discussion critique à propos de la pratique actuelle en matière de déchéance de la nationalité suisse, notamment au regard des principes de l'interdiction de la discrimination et de proportionnalité.
Developing a Web-Based Asynchronous Case Discussion Format on Social Media to Teach Clinical Reasoning: Mixed Methods Study
Authors: McQuade Casey N , Simonson Michael G , Ehrenberger Kristen A , Kohli Amar 
Published: August 2023

Background
Case-based learning conferences are valuable to trainees, but growing clinical demands hinder consistent attendance. Social media increasingly acts as a venue for trainees to supplement their education asynchronously. We designed and implemented a web-based asynchronous clinical case discussion series on the Twitter social media platform to fill this educational gap.

Objective
The aim of this mixed methods study is to examine the nature of interactions among web-based case discussion participants and assess local attitudes regarding the educational intervention.

Methods
Starting in February 2018, we posted clinical vignettes to a dedicated Twitter account with the prompt “What else do you want to know?” to stimulate discussion. The authors replied in real time when case discussion participants requested additional details. Additional data about the case were posted at regular intervals to the discussion thread to advance the overall case discussion. Participants were asked to explain their reasoning and support their conclusions when appropriate. Web-based engagement was assessed using Twitter Analytics. Participants’ posts were qualitatively analyzed for themes, with special attention to examples of using clinical reasoning skills. A codebook of types of participant posts and interactions was refined iteratively. Local engagement and attitudes at our institution were assessed by surveying internal medicine trainees (n=182) and faculty (n=165) after 6 months.

Results
Over a 6-month period, 11 live case discussions were engaged with by users 1773 times. A total of 86 Twitter profiles spanning 22 US states and 6 countries contributed to discussions among participants and the authors. Participants from all training levels were present, ranging from students to faculty. Interactions among participants and the case moderators were most commonly driven by clinical reasoning, including hypothesis-driven information gathering, discussing the differential diagnosis, and data interpretation or organization. Of 71 respondents to the local survey, 29 (41%) reported having a Twitter account. Of the 29 respondents with Twitter accounts, 17 (59%) reported participating in the case discussions. Respondents agreed that case participation increased both their clinical reasoning skills (15/17, 88%) and clinical knowledge (13/17, 76%).

Conclusions
A social media–based serialized case discussion was a feasible asynchronous teaching method for engaging web-based learners of all levels in a clinical reasoning discussion. Further study should examine what factors drive trainee participation in web-based case discussions and under what circumstances asynchronous discussion might be preferred over in-person teaching activities.
Acesso e utilização dos serviços de saúde e raça/cor/etnia entre mulheres: uma metanálise
Authors: Silva Francyne da Silva , Vieira Marcela Reis , Guedes Ellen de Moraes , Figueiredo Ana Claudia Morais Godoy , Cruz Simone Seixas da 
Published: August 2023

Diversas barreiras podem comprometer o acesso aos serviços de saúde no Brasil, especialmente entre as mulheres negras, evidenciando a urgência em discutir esse tema à luz das iniquidades raciais e de gênero. O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar uma revisão sistemática com metanálise para avaliar as evidências científicas da associação entre raça/cor de pele/etnia e acesso e utilização dos serviços de saúde entre mulheres. A busca dos estudos foi realizada em cinco bases eletrônicas, incluindo literatura cinzenta, até março de 2022 e, após a extração de dados, foi realizada a avaliação da qualidade dos artigos. A metanálise estimou a medida de associação global (odds ratio) e seu intervalo de confiança de 95%. Também foi avaliado o indicador de Higgins e Thompson (I2) para classificação da heterogeneidade estatística dos dados. Foram identificados 428 registros, mas apenas três estudos atenderam aos critérios de elegibilidade. A raça/cor de pele/etnia negra esteve associada a desfechos negativos relacionados ao acesso/utilização dos serviços de saúde no Brasil (OR = 1,49; IC95%: 1,26-1,76; I2 = 24,01%). Neste estudo, verificou-se que existem iniquidades raciais no acesso/utilização dos serviços de saúde entre mulheres. No entanto, destaca-se a necessidade de mais estudos rigorosos para elucidar a influência da raça/cor/etnia e de elaboração de políticas públicas.
<strong>Genetic evidence strongly supports managing weight and blood pressure in addition to glycemic control in preventing vascular complications in people with type 2 diabetes </strong>
Authors: Ahmed Altayeb , Amin Hasnat , Drenos Fotios , Sattar Naveed , Yaghootkar Hanieh 
Published: August 2023

<p><strong>Objective:</strong></p>
<p>To investigate the causal association of type 2 diabetes and its components on the risk of vascular complications independent of shared risk factors obesity and hypertension, and to identify the main driver of this risk. </p>
<p><strong>Study design and method</strong></p>
<p>We conducted Mendelian randomization using independent genetic variants previously associated with type 2 diabetes, fasting glucose, HbA1c, fasting insulin, BMI, and systolic blood pressure as instrumental variables. We obtained summary-level data for 18 vascular diseases (15 for type 2 diabetes) from FinnGen and publicly available genome-wide association studies as our outcomes. We conducted univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization, in addition to sensitivity tests to detect and minimize pleiotropic effects.</p>
<p><strong>Results</strong></p>
<p>Univariable Mendelian randomization analysis showed that type 2 diabetes was associated with 9 of 15 outcomes, BMI and systolic blood pressure with 13 and 15 of 18 vascular outcomes, fasting insulin with 4, and fasting glucose with 2. No robust association was found for HbA1c instruments. Adjusting for correlated traits in the multivariable test, BMI and systolic blood pressure maintained consistent causal effects, while five associations with type 2 diabetes (chronic kidney disease, ischemic heart disease, heart failure, subarachnoid haemorrhage, and intracerebral haemorrhage) were attenuated to null. </p>
<p><strong>Conclusion</strong></p>
<p>Our findings add strong evidence to support the importance of BMI and systolic blood pressure in the development of vascular complications in people with type 2 diabetes. Such findings strongly support the need for better weight and blood pressure management in type 2 diabetes, independent of glucose lowering, to limit important complications.</p>
<strong>Risk Assessment of Kidney Disease Progression and Efficacy of SGLT2 inhibition in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes</strong>
Authors: Moura Filipe A. , Berg David D. , Bellavia Andrea , Dwyer Jamie P. , Mosenzon Ofri , A. Scirica Benjamin , Wiviott Stephen D. , Bhatt Deepak L. , Raz Itamar , Feinberg Mark W. , Braunwald Eugene , Morrow David A. , Sabatine Marc S. 
Published: August 2023

<p> </p>
<p><strong>Objective:</strong></p>
<p>To develop a risk assessment tool to identify patients with T2D at higher risk for kidney disease progression and who might benefit most from SGLT2 inhibition.</p>
<p><strong>Research Design and Methods:</strong></p>
<p>41,204 patients with T2D from 4 TIMI clinical trials were divided into derivation (70%) and validation cohorts (30%). Candidate predictors of kidney disease progression (composite of sustained ≥40% decline in eGFR, end-stage kidney disease, or kidney death) were selected with multivariable Cox regression. Efficacy of dapagliflozin was assessed by risk categories (low: <0.5%; intermediate: 0.5 to <2%; high ≥2%) in DECLARE-TIMI 58.</p>
<p><strong>Results:</strong></p>
<p>695 events occurred over a median follow up of 2.4 years. The final model was comprised of eight independent predictors of kidney disease progression: ASCVD, heart failure, SBP, T2D duration, HbA1c, eGFR, UACR, and hemoglobin. C-indices were 0.798 (95%CI, 0.774–0.821) and 0.798 (95%CI 0.765–0.831) in the derivation and validation cohort, respectively. The calibration plot slope (deciles of predicted vs. observed risk) was 0.98 (95%CI 0.93–1.04) in the validation cohort. Whereas relative risk reductions with dapagliflozin did not differ across risk categories, there was greater absolute risk reduction in patients with higher baseline risk, with a 3.5% absolute risk reduction in kidney disease progression at 4 years in the highest risk group (≥1%/year). Results were similar with the 2022 CKD Prognosis Consortium risk prediction model.</p>
<p><strong>Conclusions:</strong></p>
<p>Risk models for kidney disease progression can be applied in patients with T2D to stratify risk and identify those who experience greater magnitude of effect from SGLT2 inhibition. </p>
REKONSTRUKSI ETIKA EUDAIMONISME PERSPEKTIF AL- GHAZALI DAN SIDDHARTA GAUTAMA
Authors: Ismiagi Eriska , Sukardi Imam 
Published: August 2023

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan konsep Eudaimonisme sebagai pandangan hidup manusia. Kebahagiaan merupakan hal yang esensial bagi kehidupan manusia. Kebahagiaan yang dimaksud bukan hanya terbatas kepada perasaan subjektif seperti senang atau gembira sebagai aspek emosional, melainkan lebih mendalam dan objektif menyangkut pengembangan seluruh aspek kemanusiaan suatu individu (aspek moral, sosial, emosional, rohani). Al-Ghazali dijelaskan dalam bukunya yang berjudul Kimiya As-Sa‟adah menjelaskan tentang pengetahuan mengenai seluruh kehidupan ini melalui Ma‟rifatullah untuk mencapai kebahagiaan sejati. Siddharta Gautama tokoh berpengaruh agama Buddha juga membahas tentang pelepasan diri dari penderitaan (dukkha) menuju pencerahan (Nibbāna) dijelaskan dalam buku yang berjudul The Buddha‟s Way To Peace and Happiness yang ditulis oleh YM Chanmyay Sayādaw. Melalui studi kepustakaan, dengan pendekatan interpretasi dan deskriptif analitis. Konsep dari keduanya memberikan pemahaman baru masyarakat beragama saat ini. Bahwa baik dalam agama Islam maupun Buddha memandang etika merupakan inti dari ajaran agama, ada tuntutan bagi pemeluknya untuk senantiasa berbuat baik kepada sesamanya. Islam memandang bahwa segala perbuatan manusia baik aktivitas individual maupun kolektif dianggap sebagai bentuk ibadah kepada Allah. Sementara agama Buddha meyakini bahwa segala perbuatan baik manusia bermula dari adanya watak sejati yang sudah ada dalam diri manusia sebagai kodratnya. Kedua agama tersebut sama-sama berpandangan bahwa manusia itu sejatinya sama di hadapan Tuhan, yang membedakannya adalah tingkat kebajikannya atau dalam Islam disebut ketaqwaannya.
Leaf character of sugar palm on various shades and concentrations of liquid organic fertilizer
Authors: Widarawati Rosi , Syarifah Risqa Naila Khusna , Prakoso Budi 
Published: August 2023

Palm sugar has been developed to produce various products and raw materials for their derivatives. There is a very high morphological diversity of sugar palm plants, while the morphological identification of different sugar palm plant species in Banten province is still limited. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of different treatments, such as shade percentage, liquid organic fertilizer concentration, and a combination of both, on the properties of palm leaves. The experimental design used in this study was the 2-factor RCBD split plot with 3 levels each. The first factor is the variation of the shadow percentage, namely N0 (no shadow), N1 (55% shadow), and N2 (85% shadow). The second factor is different concentrations of liquid organic fertilizer (POC), namely P0 (0 ml/liter water), P1 (1 ml/liter water), and P2 (2 ml/liter water). The results showed that different types of shade yielded insignificant results in terms of variable number of leaves, total leaf area, and leaf greenness. The different types of liquid organic fertilizer concentration treatments and treatment combinations of shade percentage and liquid organic fertilizer concentrations did not influence any of the observed variables.Keywords: growth, organic fertilizer, palm, shade
PREJUDICE TOWARD PAPUAN STUDENTS: THE ROLE OF INTERGROUP ANXIETY, BELIEF, CONTACT QUANTITY, AND SOCIAL IDENTITY
Authors: Meliana Yenny , Tondok Marselius Sampe 
Published: August 2023

This study examined the relationship between social identity and prejudice against ethnic Papuan students with intergroup anxiety as mediators and quantity of contact and belief as moderators. This study using a quantitative cross-sectional survey design. Respondents (n=452) were students in Surabaya selected using accidental sampling. Data were collected online using Google Forms by employed several scales that were RIVEC (Rejection, Intimacy, Values, Emotions, and Culture) prejudice scale, a-three factors social identity scale, intergroup anxiety scale, contact quantity scale, and belief scale. The results of hypothesis testing showed that intergroup anxiety significantly mediates the relationship between social identity and prejudice against ethnic Papuan students (β= -0.25; p<0.001). The results also revealed the moderator roles of belief (β = -0.13; p<0.05) and quantity of contact (β = 0.07; p<0.05) in predicting prejudice. This finding can be concluded that the emotions associated with low intergroup anxiety play a role in mediated high social identity with low prejudice scores. Increased contact with outgroups did not guarantee a decrease in prejudice scores in people with high social identities. Still, the involvement of cognitive processes through positive beliefs by individuals acts as a buffer effect so that people with high social identities can decrease prejudice scores.
SWOT -AHP AS A METHOD OF PUBLIC SERVICE STRATEGY
Authors: Juharni Juharni , Bahri Syamsul , Mustafa Delly , Arhas Sitti Hardiyanti 
Published: August 2023

SWOT-AHP helps companies to develop and plan strategic alternatives to overcome all the challenges faced. The purpose of this study is to determine the public service strategy of the Makassar Laboratory Center. This research is a quantitative research, using the SWOT-AHP approach to determine the right strategy in improving organizational performance. Data is collected from the documentation results and then analyzed according to SWOT-AHP stages. The results of data processing show that in the item of strength, having an international standard TB lab is the most dominant strength possessed by BBLK Makassar, in the item of weakness, the biggest weakness is the organizational culture that still tends to be negative (rigid, individual, passive, lack of empathy in providing services, so efforts need to be made for the organization to carry out public services based on public excellent. While the most dominant opportunity to be utilized is information technology support, while the biggest threat faced by BBLK Makassar is the entry of foreign investors in laboratory services that have more sophisticated systems and equipment (the threat of global competition in the AFTA era). After the SWOT-AHP analysis, 4 strategies emerged, namely: increasing the promotion and technology-based information services, building an integrated information technology system, improving the quality and quantity of human resources, and maximizing tool utilization by adding new types of examinations.
Agreement of antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Pasteurella multocida and Mannheimia haemolytica isolates from preweaned dairy calves with bovine respiratory disease
Authors: Credille Brent C. , Capik Sarah F. , Credille Allison , Crossley Beate M. , Blanchard Pat , Woolums Amelia R. , Lehenbauer Terry W. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
Evaluate agreement among the antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of Mannheimia haemolytica or Pasteurella multocida obtained by transtracheal wash, nasal swab, nasopharyngeal swab, and bronchoalveolar lavage.

ANIMALS
100 Holstein and Holstein-cross bull calves with bovine respiratory disease.

METHODS
Calves > 30 days old with naturally occurring bovine respiratory disease were sampled sequentially by nasal swab, nasopharyngeal swab, transtracheal wash, and then bronchoalveolar lavage. Samples were cultured, and for each antimicrobial, the MIC of 50% and 90% of isolates was calculated, and isolates were categorized as susceptible or not. Categorical discrepancies were recorded. Percent positive agreement and kappa values were calculated between isolates for each of the sampling methods.

RESULTS
Antimicrobial susceptibility varied by pathogen and resistance to enrofloxacin, florfenicol, tilmicosin, and spectinomycin was detected. Minor discrepancies were seen in up to 29% of classifications, with enrofloxacin, penicillin, and florfenicol more frequently represented than other drugs. Very major and major discrepancies were seen when comparing florfenicol (1.9%) and tulathromycin (3.8 to 4.9%) across sampling methods. Some variability was seen in agreement for enrofloxacin for several comparisons (8.3 to 18.4%).

CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Susceptibility testing of isolates from 1 location of the respiratory tract can reliably represent susceptibility in other locations. Nevertheless, the potential for imperfect agreement between sampling methods does exist. The level of restraint available, the skill level of the person performing the sampling, the age and size of the animal, disease status, and treatment history all must be factored into which test is most appropriate for a given situation.
UTICAJ ORGANIZACIONE PODRŠKE NA ORGANIZACIONU POSVEĆENOST
Authors: Tripković Jovana 
Published: August 2023

U radu se vrši analiza uticaja organizacione podrške na organizacionu posvećenost. Cilj istraživanja jeste shvatanje značaja konstrukta organizacione podrške i načina na koji ovaj konstrukt utiče na organizacionu posvećenost zaposlenog.