bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Associations between posttraumatic stress and stroke: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Nanavati Hely D. , Arevalo Andrea , Memon Adeel A. , Lin Chen 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe objective of the present study was to systematically review the existing literature for studies examining the association between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and stroke risk and perform a meta‐analysis to obtain a pooled risk estimate describing the association. A literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, PSYCInfo, and CINAHL to identify relevant studies. Cohort and cross‐sectional studies that reported PTSD exposure (i.e., PTSD diagnosis, probable PTSD, or the presence of PTSD symptoms) at baseline and the risk or odds of stroke associated with PTSD exposure during the study period were included in the analysis. A random‐effects model was used to calculate the pooled hazard ratio (HR) for cohort studies estimating the association between PTSD and stroke. Overall, 11 studies met the inclusion criteria; eight were cohort studies, and three were cross‐sectional studies. Two cohort studies and all cross‐sectional studies used self‐report of PTSD symptoms to measure the exposure. The pooled hazard ratio for the eight cohort studies showed that having PTSD was associated with a 59% higher risk of incident stroke, HR = 1.59, 95% CI [1.36, 1.86], I2 = 81%. The association remained statistically significant in a subgroup analysis of six United States–based studies, HR = 1.38; 95% CI [1.29, 1.49], I2 = 18%. The findings suggest that PTSD is associated with an increased risk of stroke. More studies are required to explore a causal association between PTSD and stroke.
Positive emotion in posttraumatic stress disorder: A global or context‐specific problem?
Authors: Pugach Cameron P. , May Casey L. , Wisco Blair E. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractProblems with positive emotion are an important component of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), with competing perspectives as to why. The global model suggests that people with PTSD experience a relatively permanent shift in their capacity for positive emotion regardless of context, whereas the context‐specific model posits access to the full repertoire of positive emotion that only becomes reduced during exposure to trauma reminders. We tested the global versus context‐specific models using ecological momentary assessment (EMA). Trauma‐exposed adult community members (N = 80) with (n = 39) and without diagnosed PTSD completed 3 days of EMA (n = 2,158 observations). Participants with PTSD reported lower average momentary levels of positive emotion, B = −0.947, 95% CI [−1.35, −0.54], p < .001, and positive situations, B = −0.607, 95% CI [−1.16, −0.05], p = .032, and more thinking about trauma reminders, B = 0.360, 95% CI [0.21, 0.51], p < .001. There was no between‐group difference in positive emotion reactivity (degree of positive emotion derived from positive situations), B = 0.03, 95% CI [−0.09, 0.14], p = .635. Increased thinking about trauma reminders predicted lower momentary levels of positive emotion, B = −0.55, 95% CI [−0.83, −0.26], p < .001, but not reactivity, B = 0.02, 95% CI [−0.35, 0.40], p = .906, irrespective of PTSD status. Findings supported the global model and were inconsistent with the context‐specific model. This study helps clarify positive emotional functioning in trauma‐exposed adults and highlights future directions to better understand problems with positive emotion in PTSD.
Accuracy of narrow‐band imaging for diagnosing malignant transformation of vocal cord leukoplakia: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Chen Jingyu , Li Zhuojun , Wu Ting , Chen Xiumei 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo explore whether narrow‐band imaging (NBI) endoscopy is accurate in the diagnosis of malignant transformation of vocal cord leukoplakia.MethodsThe PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Web of Science databases were searched to collect data on studies reporting the use of NBI endoscopy as a diagnostic test for diagnosing vocal cord leukoplakia from January 2015 to December 2021. Study design, analysis method, and extraction results were performed according to the PRISMA guidelines. The sensitivity, specificity, pooled positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR) and area under the curve (AUC) were used to summarize the performance metrics of the meta‐analysis. Risk of bias data and the quality of the included studies was evaluated according to the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies‐2 tool (QUADAS‐2).ResultsNine studies were finally included in the analysis. The results of the meta‐analysis showed that the pooled sensitivity and specificity of NBI endoscopy for diagnosing leukoplakia lesions were 0.76 (95% CI: 0.72–0.8) and 0.93 (95% CI: 0.91–0.95), respectively. The PLR and NLR were 10.09 (95% CI: 6.53–15.59) and 0.22 (95% CI: 0.13–0.38), respectively. The comprehensive diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) was 54.96 (95% CI: 24.32–124.17), and the area under the curve was 0.9584. The eight articles had a low risk of bias risk and one article was unclear.ConclusionNBI likely has good accuracy for diagnosing malignant transformation of vocal cord leukoplakia. However, multicenter studies and large samples are still needed.
Gender distribution and women leadership in German Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery
Authors: Saadoun Rakan , Risse Eva‐Maria , Sadoun Leen , Kamal Abdallah , Pudszuhn Annett , Obermueller Theresa 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the distribution of female physicians throughout the rank from resident to leadership positions in German Otolaryngology‐Head and Neck Surgery (OHNS) departments.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study collected data about the physician workforce in the German OHNS.The primary outcome was the proportion of female physicians. Data were collected from 165 departments from January 2022 to February 2022. The physician workforce was stratified based on gender and leadership.ResultsWe included 2089 physicians from 165 departments of OHNS in German hospitals. Female residents and specialists outnumbered male peers (484/872 [55.5%] vs. 388/872 [44.5%] and 224/363 [61.71%] vs. 139/363 [38.29%], respectively). However, the women proportion decreased gradually with elevated hierarchical rank starting at the attending physician level to reaching its lowest extreme (14/165 [7.23%]) at the head of the department level. Holding a leadership position was associated with being male (n = 282 [85.2%] vs. n = 49 [14.8%], p < .0001). This persisted even after controlling the academic rank in a multivariable regression model (OR: 5.027, 95% CI: 3.536–7.146). The gap between the two genders in favor of men regarding leadership persisted in all kinds of hospitals. However, this disparity was lowest in university hospitals, (male: n = 83 [78.3%] vs. female: n = 23, [21.7%], p < .0001).ConclusionsEven though women outnumbered men in resident and specialist positions, they are still underrepresented in leadership positions in OHNS. Continuous surveillance is needed to watch the dynamic changes in the gap between the two genders and address it with more sex equality‐supporting policies.Level of EvidenceIV.
The corrosion properties of steel in pore solutions obtained from alkali‐activated mortars
Authors: Gartner Nina , Kosec Tadeja , Poyet Stéphane , Legat Andraž 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAlkali‐activated materials (AAMs) are considered a promising alternative to materials made from ordinary Portland cement (OPC). Other than considering the durability of the material itself, the use of AAMs for reinforced concrete elements also raises the question of steel corrosion processes in these materials, which are still relatively unknown. Three different alkali‐activated mortars were prepared for this study, based on either fly ash, slag, or metakaolin. Pore solutions were then extracted from each mortar and chemically analyzed. Electrochemical techniques were used to study the corrosion of steel in synthetic pore solutions containing varying concentrations of chlorides. In parallel, the same corrosion tests were performed in a generic pore solution representing OPC mortar. It was shown that the chemical composition differed in each pore solution tested, thus affecting the corrosion properties of the steel. The addition of chloride also had a varying effect on the corrosion properties of the steel in each type of pore solution tested. This study provided a basic overview of the corrosion behavior and mechanisms of the various AAM environments in comparison to that of OPC.
ACKR3 orchestrates Hedgehog signaling to promote renal cell carcinoma progression
Authors: Tang Chao , Li Lin , Xu Qiang , Xu Shouying , Lin Chao , Cao Bin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractRenal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the second commonest urological malignant neoplasm and mortality rate of patients with RCC appears to be increasing each year. Thus, further understanding of the molecular mechanisms responsible for the development and progression of RCC is of particular importance. Here, we report that atypical chemokine receptor 3 (ACKR3) orchestrates the Hedgehog (Hh)‐GLI1 signaling to promote RCC progression. The expression of ACKR3 is elevated in RCC tissues, which is associated with malignant and clinical outcomes of RCC, and ACKR3 expression is positively correlated with GLI1 expression in RCC tissues. Mechanically, Hh promotes RCC progression through GLI1‐mediated ACKR3 transcription by the directly binding of GLI1 to ACKR3 gene, while CXCL12–ACKR3 axis simultaneously enhances Hh activation via the binding of ACKR3 to Smoothened (SMO), a receptor in Hh pathway, resulting in the upregulation of SMO phosphorylation that potentiates downstream signal activity and consequently contributes to RCC progression. Thus, our findings may provide with the evidence of developing a novel treatment method with specific target for RCC.
Local gambling culture and corporate tax aggressiveness: A trait activation perspective on informal institutions
Authors: Zeng Huixiang , Li Xuemei , Zhou Zhifang , Ma Yishuang , Lv Fangting 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBased on the theory of new institutionalism and trait activation, we empirically evaluated the role of gambling culture on aggressive corporate taxation. A positive association was found between gambling culture and tax aggressiveness, the gambling culture increased the risk preferences of firm executives. The relationship was more pronounced in non‐state‐owned firms, firms with a high proportion of male executives, shortsighted executives, local CEOs, and those located in areas with less intense tax regulation and lower levels of Islamic faith. The findings enrich studies investigating the economic consequences of gambling culture and provide innovative ideas for external regulators to formulate anti‐avoidance measures.
Selenium in modern agriculture
Authors: Huang Jia‐Qiang , Wang Zhao‐Hui , Sun Lv‐Hui , Wang Le‐Li , Yin Yu‐Long 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSelenium (Se) is a micronutrient necessary in small amounts for the proper organism functioning. Se‐rich agriculture, also known as special agriculture, has the potential to improve agricultural production and produce beneficial agricultural products. This review discusses the various applications of Se in agriculture, including animal husbandry, crop production and aquaculture. It covers Se metabolites, the function and regulation of selenogenomes and selenoproteomes of human and animal food and the recycling of Se in food systems and ecosystems. Finally, the review identifies research needs that will support the basic science and practical applications of dietary Se in modern agriculture.
Dynamic mode decomposition of dynamic MRI for assessment of pulmonary ventilation and perfusion
Authors: Ilicak Efe , Ozdemir Safa , Zapp Jascha , Schad Lothar R. , Zöllner Frank G. 
Published: March 2023

PurposeTo introduce dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) as a robust alternative for the assessment of pulmonary functional information from dynamic non‐contrast‐enhanced acquisitions.MethodsPulmonary fractional ventilation and normalized perfusion maps were obtained using DMD from simulated phantoms as well as in vivo dynamic acquisitions of healthy volunteers at 1.5T. The performance of DMD was compared with conventional Fourier decomposition (FD) and matrix pencil (MP) methods in estimating functional map values. The proposed method was evaluated based on estimated signal amplitude in functional maps across varying number of measurements.ResultsQuantitative assessments performed on phantoms and in vivo measurements indicate that DMD is capable of successfully obtaining pulmonary functional maps. Specifically, compared to FD and MP methods, DMD is able to reduce variations in estimated amplitudes across different number of measurements. This improvement is evident in the fractional ventilation and normalized perfusion maps obtain from phantom simulations with frequency variations and noise, as well as in the maps obtained from in vivo measurements.ConclusionsA robust method for accurately estimating pulmonary ventilation and perfusion related signal changes in dynamic acquisitions is presented. The proposed method uses DMD to obtain functional maps reliably, while reducing amplitude variations caused by differences in number of measurements.
An electronic medical record (EMR) prompt improves screening rates for metabolic conditions among children with obesity
Authors: Lee Nolan E. , Parker Melissa M. , Concepcion Josephine Q. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study evaluated the effectiveness of an automated prompt in the electronic medical record (EMR) to increase screening rates for metabolic conditions and referrals to health education and to improve BMI percentile among children with obesity.MethodsThe intervention used an EMR reminder that provided a panel of lab orders (hemoglobin A1c, lipid panel, and alanine aminotransferase) during clinical encounters among pediatric patients ages 10 to 18 with BMI ≥ 95th percentile. Data on demographics, comorbid conditions, BMI, lab results, and health education referrals were analyzed. Cohorts during the year before (n = 3479) and after (n = 3439) workflow implementation were compared.ResultsThe distribution of race/ethnicity among children with obesity was 56% Hispanic, 19% White, 11% Filipino, 4% Pacific Islander, 3% Black, and 1% East/South Asian. Orders for metabolic lab tests increased from 2% in the pre‐workflow period to 52% in the post‐workflow period (p < 0.0001). Completed screening rates improved from 1% to 27% (p < 0.0001). Health education referrals increased from 0.4% to 7% (p < 0.0001). We observed a mean change in BMI percentile of −0.13% (p = 0.06).ConclusionsThis study validates the use of an EMR‐based prompt to improve metabolic lab screening and health education referrals among children with obesity. During the limited period of follow‐up, we found no significant change in BMI percentile.
CDK4/6 inhibitor modulating active and quiescent intestinal stem cells for prevention of chemotherapy‐induced diarrhea
Authors: Xiang Jinnan , Wang Haoyu , Tao Qianqian , Li Wenxi , Huang Yanfei , Zhang Yushuo , Yang Linan , Zhang Shiyi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractChemotherapy‐induced diarrhea causes dehydration, debilitation, infection, and even death, but there are currently no Food and Drug Administration (FDA)‐approved drugs for treatment of chemotherapy‐induced diarrhea. It is generally believed that the timely regulation of intestinal stem cell (ISC) fate may provide a meaningful solution for intestinal injuries. However, the lineage plasticity of ISCs during and after chemotherapy remains poorly understood. Here, we demonstrated that palbociclib, a cyclin‐dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK4/6) inhibitor, regulated the fate of active or quiescent ISCs, provided multilineage protection from the toxicity of several different chemotherapeutics, and accelerated gastrointestinal epithelium recovery. Consistent with in vivo results, we determined that palbociclib enhanced intestinal organoid and ex vivo tissue survival after chemotherapy. Lineage tracing studies have shown that palbociclib protects active ISCs marked by Lgr5 and Olfm4 during chemotherapy and unexpectedly activates quiescent ISCs marked by Bmi1 to immediately participate in crypt regeneration after chemotherapy. Furthermore, palbociclib does not decrease the efficacy of cytotoxic chemotherapy in tumor grafts. The experimental evidence suggests that the combination of CDK4/6 inhibitors with chemotherapy could reduce damage to the gastrointestinal epithelium in patients. © 2023 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Mechanical properties of carbon fiber/PPS laminates processed by hot compression molding under different consolidation cycles
Authors: Montagna Larissa Stieven , Morgado Guilherme Ferreira de Melo , Marini Juliano , Guimarães Alessandro , Passador Fabio Roberto , Rezende Mirabel Cerqueira 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHigh‐performance thermoplastic composites based on semipregs of poly(phenylene sulfide) (PPS) reinforced with carbon fiber (CF) have been widely used in the aerospace industry due to their excellent mechanical properties and thermal stability. In this work, CF/PPS laminates were processed by hot compression molding. The processing parameters (pressure and temperature of processing) were investigated as well as the effect of the number of semipreg layers. The neat PPS matrix and CF/PPS semipreg were evaluated by rheological and thermal properties, respectively, to verify the best processing temperature for the CF/PPS composite laminates. The CF/PPS laminates obtained were inspected by ultrasound and differential scanning calorimetry analyses, and then the standardized specimens were prepared. The mechanical properties were evaluated by tensile test and interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) tests. Morphological characteristics of fracture surfaces also were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. The ultrasound inspections showed differences among the processed laminates with the presence of defects mainly around the edges of samples. Based on ultrasound maps, the worst regions of laminates were discharged and not used to cut the specimens utilized in the mechanical characterization. Thermal, mechanical, and morphological analyses of the six laminates processed with different consolidation cycles did not show significant differences, showing good CF‐PPS matrix interface and similar results of crystallization (~23%), tensile strength (776–858 MPa), and ILSS (59–68 MPa).
The importance of myofascial trigger points in chronic neck pain: An ultrasonography preliminary study
Authors: Cankurtaran Damla , Aykın Yığman Zeynep , Güzel Şükran , Umay Ebru 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundUltrasonographic evaluation of trigger points detected by physical examination in patients with myofascial pain syndrome is being used more frequently in clinical care. However, the sonographic appearance of trigger points, in association with pain and disability, has not been adequately described.ObjectiveTo reveal the presence of trigger points with ultrasonography in those with myofascial pain syndrome and to determine if ultrasound images can help discriminate between demographic and disease characteristics.MethodsFifty‐two participants with chronic neck pain (NP) were in this cross‐sectional study. The pain intensity was evaluated using a 0–10 cm visual analog scale (VAS). The neck disability index measured the NP‐induced disability status of the participants. Ultrasonography was used to measure the thicknesses of the paraspinal muscles and the presence of hypoechoic areas within these muscles.ResultsThere was a positive correlation between the VAS scores of the participants and the ultrasonographic detection of myofascial trigger points (MTPs) in the multifidus and middle trapezius muscles (right/left r = .30, p = .027; r = .29, p = .029; r = .32, p = .009, r = .30, p = .011, respectively). These features correlated with the disability levels of the participants and the MTPs on both the right and left sides of the splenius, multifidus, upper trapezius, and middle trapezius (r = .32, p = .028; r = .38, p = .013, r = .25, p = .027; r = .33, p = .016; r = .25, p = .025, r = .32, p = .018, r = .28, p = .013, r = .29, p = .016, respectively). A significant correlation was present between the detection of MTP at ultrasonography and decreased muscle thickness in the relevant muscles (between p = .001 and p = .034).ConclusionThe detection of MTPs with ultrasonography is associated with the severity of pain and disability in those with chronic NP. Features on ultrasound include hypoechoic changes within muscle and reduced muscle thickness associated with MTPs.
The effect of myofascial and physical therapy on trunk, shoulder, and elbow movement patterns in women with pain and myofascial dysfunctions after breast cancer surgery: Secondary analyses of a randomized controlled trial
Authors: De Baets Liesbet , De Groef An , Hagen Michiel , Neven Patrick , Dams Lore , Geraerts Inge , Asnong Anne , De Vrieze Tessa , Vets Nieke , Emmerzaal Jill , Devoogdt Nele 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroductionSecondary upper limb dysfunctions are common after breast cancer treatment. Myofascial treatment may be a valuable physical therapy modality for this problem.ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of myofascial therapy in addition to physical therapy on shoulder, trunk, and elbow movement patterns in women with pain and myofascial dysfunctions at the upper limb after breast cancer surgery.DesignA double‐blinded randomized controlled trial.SettingRehabilitation unit of a university hospital.ParticipantsForty‐eight women with persistent pain after finishing breast cancer treatment.InterventionsOver 3 months, all participants received a standard physical therapy program. The experimental (n = 24) and control group (n = 24) received 12 additional sessions of myofascial therapy or placebo therapy, respectively.Main outcome measuresOutcomes of interest were movement patterns of the humerothoracic joint, scapulothoracic joint, trunk, and elbow, measured with an optoelectronic measurement system during the performance of a forward flexion and scaption task. Statistical parametric mapping (SPM) analyses were used for assessing the effect of treatment on movement patterns between both groups (group × time interaction effect).ResultsA significantly decreased protraction and anterior tilting was found after experimental treatment. No beneficial effects on movement patterns of the humerothoracic joint, trunk, or elbow were found.ConclusionMyofascial therapy in addition to a 12‐week standard physical therapy program can decrease scapular protraction and anterior tilting (scapulothoracic joint) during arm movements. Given the exploratory nature of these secondary analyses, the clinical relevance of these results needs to be investigated further.