bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tobacco consumption behavior change during the COVID-19 pandemic is associated with perceived COVID threat
Authors: Loui Hollyann F. , Li BS Joshua , Jackson PhD Nicholas J. , Wisk Lauren E. , Buhr  
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Rationale:
Tobacco use is a risk factor for COVID-19 adverse outcomes. Despite health implications, data conflict regarding COVID-19 and tobacco consumption. We present results from a survey of health behaviors during the pandemic to identify how COVID-19 influenced tobacco use.
Methods:
A national internet-based survey was deployed between May-September 2020. We analyzed participants who reported current or former smoking. We tabulated change in tobacco use, whether changes related to COVID-19, and measures of anxiety, depression, and novel perceived COVID-19 threat scale. We employed multinomial logistic regression to determine associations between these items and tobacco consumption.
Results:
We identified 500 respondents who reported ever smoking previously, 150 of which were currently smoking. Of 220 participants who reported any use of vapes, 110 were currently vaping. Increased perceived threat of COVID-19 was associated with both increased (aRRincrease 1.75, 95% CI [1.07–2.86], P = 0.03) and decreased (aRRdecrease 1.72 [1.04–2.85], P = 0.03) tobacco consumption relative to no change. There were no significant relationships found between perceived threat of COVID-19 and vaping behavior.
Conclusions:
As perceived COVID-19 threat increased, people were more likely to increase or decrease their smoking than stay the same, even after controlling for anxiety and depression, both of which can affect smoking in either direction. Further study into motivators of increasing or decreasing affected tobacco consumption, and how barriers to care from safer-at-home policies and changes in care delivery moderate change in tobacco use will aid planning tobacco reduction interventions during the ongoing and future respiratory viral pandemics.
Curcumin as a Perspective Protection for Retinal Pigment Epithelium
during Autophagy Inhibition in the Course of Retinal Degeneration
Authors: Pinelli Roberto , Ferrucci Michela , Biagioni Francesca , Bumah Violet , Scaffidi Elena , Puglisi-Allegra Stefano , Fornai Francesco 
Published: July 2023

Abstract:
Defective autophagy in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is involved in retinal degeneration,
mostly in the course of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), which is an increasingly prevalent
retinal disorder, eventually leading to blindness. However, most autophagy activators own serious
adverse effects when administered systemically. Curcumin is a phytochemical, which induces autophagy
with a wide dose-response curve, which brings minimal side effects. Recent studies indicating
defective autophagy in AMD were analyzed. Accordingly, in this perspective, we discuss and provide
some evidence about the protective effects of curcumin in preventing RPE cell damage induced by the
autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA). Cells from human RPE were administered the autophagy
inhibitor 3-MA. The cell damage induced by 3-MA was assessed at light microscopy by hematoxylin
& eosin, Fluoro Jade-B, and ZO1 immunohistochemistry along with electron microscopy. The autophagy
inhibitor 3-MA produces cell loss and cell degeneration of RPE cells. These effects are counteracted
dose-dependently by curcumin. In line with the hypothesis that the autophagy machinery is
key in sustaining the integrity of the RPE, here we provide evidence that the powerful autophagy inhibitor
3-MA produces dose-dependently cell loss and cell degeneration in cultured RPE cells, while
inhibiting autophagy as shown by LC3-II/LC3-I ratio and gold-standard assessment of autophagy
through LC3-positive autophagy vacuoles. These effects are prevented dose-dependently by curcumin,
which activates autophagy. These data shed the perspective of validating the role of phytochemicals as
safe autophagy activators to treat AMD.
Caffeine Electrochemical Sensor Constructed by Graphene Oxide and
Reduced Graphene Oxide: A Mini-review
Authors: Yang Gan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract:
It is very important to determine the concentration of target substances in food safety, environmental
detection, and drug supervision. Caffeine, a natural alkaloid, is widely found in various drinks
and drugs. In addition to its beneficial functions, caffeine also has certain negative effects. Therefore, it is
very important to determine the concentration of caffeine in drugs, beverages, wastewater, and other media.
Among various analytical techniques, electrochemical sensors occupy a special position because of
their high efficiency, rapidity, and relative ease to obtain the required preparation and measurement conditions.
In the past decades, great progress has been made in the determination of caffeine using graphene
oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (RGO) as electrochemical sensor materials. GO and RGO have
the advantages of low preparation cost, significant dissolution in polar solvents, such as water, wide
working potential range, and relatively high electrochemical inertia in various redox reactions. Moreover,
due to π-π interaction and other reasons, their reactivity to caffeine is higher; therefore, GO and RGO
applications in caffeine sensors are more popular, and good results have been obtained in selectivity and
sensitivity. In this study, the related literature on caffeine in electrochemical sensors preparation with GO
and RGO in recent years is reviewed, with the aim of helping researchers working in this research field.
Channel Estimation for Underwater Acoustic OFDM Communications: Recent Advances
Authors: Zhou Mingzhang , Sun Haixin , Wang Junfeng , Xie Zhuofan , Feng Xiao 
Published: July 2023

Background:
To resist the time-variant underwater acoustic (UWA) channel, large amounts of channel estimation algorithms for the UWA orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) are presented. An updated review of the recent UWA OFDM channel estimators is suggested in this article.

Objective:
The goal of this work is to review and conclude the development of different types of channel estimators. The possible perspectives about the future UWA channel estimator design are also discussed.

Methodology:
The principles and performances of the linear channel estimators, the compressed sensing (CS)-based channel estimators, and the neural network (NN)-based channel estimators are reviewed and discussed. Simulations are conducted to compare the typical implementations of the different methods.

Conclusion:
To take more channel state characteristics into account, the data-driven methods have been applied in the channel estimator design. Compared with the linear and CS-based methods, the NN-based channel estimator shows the higher performance, robustness and lower complexity, which is promising to be applied with the proper structure and training sets.
Optimization of management approaches for patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia mildly (LSIL) associated with high oncogenic risk human papillomaviruses
Authors: Anufrieva V. G. , Lebedenko E. Yu. , Voloshin V. V. , Gaida O. V. 
Published: July 2023

Objective: To improve the management of mild cervical dysplasia by correcting serum folic acid as an epigenetic risk factor for disease progression. Materials and methods: 90 patients with different outcomes of dynamic follow-up of LSIL associated with one type of HPV VCR were included in the study (16, 18, 33). Group I — 43 patients with regression of the disease; Group II — 30 patients with persistence of HPV infection and group III — 17 patients with LSIL progression. The effectiveness of the differentiated approach to the management of patients in the study groups was assessed based on the results of cytology of cervical smears and immunocytochemical reaction, the level of viral load, the results of colposcopic examination, and the dynamics of serum folic acid levels. Statistical processing of the results was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 28.0.1.1, STATISTICA 13.5.0.17 and MedCalc 20.027. Results: the prognostic significance of a number of anamnestic parameters and serum folate deficiency, the totality of which can be used as predictors of disease outcome progression, has been established; a computer program has been developed to calculate the individual risk of disease progression (IRD), which facilitates the use of the developed method for calculating progression in clinical practice. Conclusions: The proposed method with a high degree of reliability and informativeness allows predicting the progression of LSIL without violating the algorithm of current clinical recommendations, timely forming among patients a high-risk group for the development of a more severe form of the disease (HSIL) and individually determining further treatment tactics.
Age aspects of the effects of the new coronavirus infection (COVID 19) on certain biochemical blood parameters
Authors: Alimurzaeva M. M. , Izudinova S. M. , Dzhafarova A. M. , Khalilov R. A. 
Published: July 2023

Objective: to study the effects of a new coronovirus infection on a number of standard biochemical blood parameters in patients of different ages. Materials and methods: 514 patients of 3 age groups (group 1st — 25–35 years old, group 2nd — 36–50 years old and group 3rd — over 51 years old) with a diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia caused by COVID-19 infection were studied. All biochemical parameters of the blood of patients were determined using an Indiko biochemical analyzer. Results: the study of nitrogen metabolism indicators showed that in patients of all age groups, the content of total protein and urea does not undergo significant changes, however, there is an increase in the concentration of creatinine and uric acid, which is most pronounced in patients of the group 3rd. The study of the activities of AST, ALT in the blood of patients showed a significant increase in all age categories, more significant in persons of the groups 2nd and 3rd. At the same time, the activity of α-amylase, the concentration of bilirubin increase with age, and the levels of iron decrease, reaching pathological values. The content of the inflammation marker — CRP shows the most pronounced dependence on the age of patients: in patients of the group 1st, it increases by 6.9 times, in the 2nd group — by 12.3 times, in patients over 51 years old — by 17.25 once. Conclusion: with an increase in the age of patients, the deviations of many biochemical parameters from the control levels corresponding to each group become more pronounced and reach values that deviate significantly from the reference.
Application of a Comprehensive Evaluation Framework to COVID-19 Studies: Systematic Review of Translational Aspects of Artificial Intelligence in Health Care
Authors: Casey Aaron Edward , Ansari Saba , Nakisa Bahareh , Kelly Blair , Brown Pieta , Cooper Paul , Muhammad Imran , Livingstone Steven , Reddy Sandeep , Makinen Ville-Petteri 
Published: July 2023

Background
Despite immense progress in artificial intelligence (AI) models, there has been limited deployment in health care environments. The gap between potential and actual AI applications is likely due to the lack of translatability between controlled research environments (where these models are developed) and clinical environments for which the AI tools are ultimately intended.

Objective
We previously developed the Translational Evaluation of Healthcare AI (TEHAI) framework to assess the translational value of AI models and to support successful transition to health care environments. In this study, we applied the TEHAI framework to the COVID-19 literature in order to assess how well translational topics are covered.

Methods
A systematic literature search for COVID-19 AI studies published between December 2019 and December 2020 resulted in 3830 records. A subset of 102 (2.7%) papers that passed the inclusion criteria was sampled for full review. The papers were assessed for translational value and descriptive data collected by 9 reviewers (each study was assessed by 2 reviewers). Evaluation scores and extracted data were compared by a third reviewer for resolution of discrepancies. The review process was conducted on the Covidence software platform.

Results
We observed a significant trend for studies to attain high scores for technical capability but low scores for the areas essential for clinical translatability. Specific questions regarding external model validation, safety, nonmaleficence, and service adoption received failed scores in most studies.

Conclusions
Using TEHAI, we identified notable gaps in how well translational topics of AI models are covered in the COVID-19 clinical sphere. These gaps in areas crucial for clinical translatability could, and should, be considered already at the model development stage to increase translatability into real COVID-19 health care environments.
POLA BIMBINGAN BELAJAR ORANG TUA DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Unfa Nia , Nugroho Adi Tri 
Published: July 2023

This research is a study of the role of parental learning assistance in children during the Covid-19 pandemic. This study aims to describe several patterns of learning assistance applied by parents. This research method uses a qualitative approach. We collect data through questionnaires. This research is important because it is in order to reveal whether or not the parenting style applied by parents during the learning process from home.Keywords:Â role; parenting on study; pandemic
Perilaku Social Loafing pada Mahasiswa Pendidikan Agama Islam : Individualisme Gen-Z di Era Media Sosial
Authors: Rosikhan Nabila  , Adika Hary Hermawan  , Hanim Nofirda Amalia  
Published: July 2023

Nowadays, Students are the parts of z generation also the agents of change. But, in this social media era there are many deviant behavior. This study aims to describe the social loafing behavior that occurs in Islamic Religious Education (PAI) students based on its aspects. This research uses descriptive qualitative research. Data collection in this study was in the form of questionnaires, interviews, and documentation. Meanwhile, the sample is the active students of the Islamic Religious Education (PAI) study program in semesters 2, 4 and 6 of 2021/2022 as z generation. Based on the result of this research, it is known that social media creates an individualism in z-generation. It made social loafing in Islamic Religious Education (PAI) Students
An evaluation of gingival phenotype and thickness as determined by indirect and direct methods
Authors: Kong Jessica , Aps Johan , Naoum Steven , Lee Richard , Miranda Leticia Algarves , Murray Kevin , Hartsfield James K. , Goonewardene Mithran S. 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Objectives
To evaluate gingival phenotype (GP) and thickness (GT) using visual, probing, and ultrasound (US) methods and to assess the accuracy and consistency of clinicians to visually identify GP.

Materials and Methods
The GP and GT of maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth in 29 orthodontic patients (mean age 25 ± 7.5 years) were assessed using probing and US by a single examiner. General dentist and dental specialist assessors (n = 104) were shown intraoral photographs of the patients, including six repeated images, and asked to identify the GP via a questionnaire.

Results
An increasing trend in GT values of thin, medium, and thick biotype probe categories was found, though this was not statistically significant (P = .188). Comparison of probing method to determinations of GT made by US yielded slight agreement (κ = 0.12). Using the visual method, assessors’ identification of the second GP determination ranged from poor to moderate agreement (κ = 0.29 to κ = 0.53).

Conclusions
The probe method is sufficient in differentiating between different categories of GP. However, further research is required to assess the sensitivity of the probe method in recognizing phenotypes in the most marginal of cases. Assessors using the visual method lack the ability to identify GP accurately and consistently among themselves.
Pengembangan Metode Penelitian Kefilsafatan Kritis Konstruktif
Authors: Weda Sahadewa Ngurah , Wahyudi Imam 
Published: July 2023

Meneliti memang menjadi sebuah keharusan tersendiri dalam dunia ilmiah untuk itu penelitian tentang metode terutama metode penelitian filsafat. Selanjutnya, kekritisan penting dalam melihat metode pada konteks ini membuka kembali ketegasan pencarian kebenaran yang mendasar dan menyeluruh sesuai dengan konstelasi penelitian kefilsafatan. Pengambilan pokok soal dalam artikel ini merupakan sebuah penelitian tersendiri yang mencakup kelengkapan yang perlu dalam menentukan suatu bentuk ketelitian dalam penggunaan metode penelitian yang para peneliti angkat dalam kesempatan ini yaitu terkait dengan kritis konstruktif. Kritis konstruktif dimaksudkan untuk menelusuri keberlanjutan dalam kekritisan sehingga kekritisan tidak berhenti bekerja melainkan dapat melanjutkan diri ke dalam kerangka metodis yang memutuskan sebuah konstruksi kemetodean yang inklusif kritis adanya.
Karakterisasi Biomassa Ampas Tebu (Bagasse) Sebagai Bahan Produksi Gas Asap Cair Melalui Metode Pirolisis
Authors: Aziz Rois Thoriqul , Slamet Sugeng , Wibowo Rianto 
Published: July 2023

Tebu merupakan salah satu tanaman yang banyak dibudidayakan pada masyarakat di Indonesia, karena tanaman tebu lebih mudah hidup di iklim tropis. Dan juga tebu lebih sering dimanfaatkan dalam proses produksi gula, seperti gula pasir atau gula tebu, namum ampas yang dihasilkan juga banyak. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu pemanfaatan limbah ampas tebu sebagai cairan bahan pengawet melalui proses pirolisis yang dapat digunakan sebagai bahan pengawet bahan.Metode yang digunakan meliputi studi literatur, metode pirolisasi, persiapan bahan baku, melakukan pengujian variabel suhu dan waktu dengan menggunakan proses destilasi serta pengolahan data. Adanya pemanfaatan ampas tebu pada penelitian ini diharapkan dapat mengurangi jumlah limbah ampas tebu serta pengolahan sebagai bahan pengawet pada kayu, makanan dan masih banyak yang lainnya.Dalam proses pengambilan cairan dari hasil pembakaran destilasi, maka dilakukan proses pengujian. Proses pengujian dilakukan terdiri dari berbagai tahap yaitu pertama dilakukan penyiapan bahan ampas tebu. Ampas tebu sebelum dimasukan ke dalam mesin destilasi maka dilakukan pengeringan guna mengurangi air pada ampas tebu. Selanjutnya dilakukan proses pembakaran di tangki dan uji coba dengan variable suhu dan waktu. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu didapatkan bahan kimia gas asap cair yang dapat digunakan sebagai bahan pengawet.
The Lack of Government Capacity and Rising Community Networks in Building Resilience During the Covid-19 Pandemic: An Insight from Pekalongan City, Indonesia
Authors: Mahsun Muhammad 
Published: July 2023

The Covid-19 pandemic has had a wide impact on various sectors of people’s lives, including socio-economic disruption. In Indonesia, at both local and national government levels, the social protection programs have become a key tool for policymakers to overcome the negative impacts of the Covid-19 pandemic crisis. This study aims to examine how the local authorities and community networks called P2SE (Pekalongan Peduli Sosial Ekonomi or Pekalongan Cares Socio-Economy) in Pekalongan city respond to the socio-economic crisis during the Covid-19 pandemic in order to increase the resilience of urban poor and vulnerable group as well as reducing social inequalities. One way of doing this is through integrated social protection provision involving various communities from local authority, academicians, civil society, businessman and micro small and medium enterprises. This article argues that the community networks-based integrated social protection provision model is an alternative strategy to help state authority in addressing poverty and socio-economic inequality in inclusive and participatory ways. In this way, some issues of inequality and political interests in the process of resource distribution related to the provision of social protection can be minimized. Therefore, this model of providing social protection based on integrated community networks can be used as an alternative strategy to reduce inequality and build the resilience of urban poor and other vulnerable groups when facing crisis due to unpredictable disasters such as the Covid-19.
Personal Brand — Instructions of Use. Do Young Professionals Want and Need to be Taught Personal Branding?
Authors: Macalik Joanna 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
In modern business, personal branding (PB) is perceived as a ‘leadership imperative’. The main purpose of the present article is to analyse last-year students, often being professionals and market-entrant entrepreneurs, at the same time, attitudes towards PB’s role in business. Primarily, it is investigated whether they need to be taught principles, rules and tools of PB in the course of their studies. To achieve this goal, a qualitative, in-depth interview method is used. The data are analysed using the thematic analysis method. The results obtained supplement the knowledge of management sciences with issues concerning the perception of PB and state a significant set of practical implications for the authorities of universities and the authors of academic curricula.