bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Into the Field of Suffering
Authors: Schenck David , Neely Scott 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This book provides a much-needed reframing of common ideas about burnout and moral distress. These experiences are approached as trials virtually inevitable in the course of the healer’s vocation. The challenge medical professionals and caregivers face is not avoiding them at all costs, but engaging them with insight into the role of moral distress and burnout in the deepening of the healing vocation. This innovative text offers analytical frameworks and describes awareness skills that can transform the work of healers and caregivers. There is a growing body of academic literature on these topics and many memoirs recounting distressing situations and wounding traumas. This book takes its place alongside these works, while offering a distinctly different approach—an approach rooted in compassion and emphasizing gratitude, which takes up throughout the spiritual dimension of the healing vocation. The authors address their readers in a direct voice, speaking to the sense of failure and discouragement so many healthcare professionals and family caregivers experience on a daily basis. Theirs is a voice that says, “You are not a failure.” “There is a way forward.” Theirs is a practical voice saying, “Stand like this.” “Breath like that.” “Try this now.” This is a book that carries a mentor’s voice and presence, born out of experience with burnout and moral distress, and grounded in hundreds of conversations, debriefings, and interviews with healthcare workers and caregivers, as well as patients and families.
On Depletion and Burnout
Authors: Schenck David , Neely Scott 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Helping people heal carries with it a demand that caregivers heal and grow. Yet periods of darkness are inevitable as this developmental process progresses. This chapter argues that recognizing these dynamics is the key to finding the other side of burnout. To this end, the chapter proposes the label burnout be used only to describe a specific phenomenon: major hiatus in or actual end of a career, brought about by deep depletion of personal and communal resources. The chapter also argues that burnout can be avoided or broken through, if early signs of depletion are taken not as a failure but, rather, as a clear call to discover new resources for replenishment, on the way to finding the renewal of one’s healing vocation.
How Breakthrough Happens
Authors: Schenck David , Neely Scott 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This chapter explores the role of provider’s own vulnerability and wounding in developing novel abilities to transform the field of suffering into the field of healing. Three types of personal wounds can be identified: (1) “present-time wounding”—injurious events, occurring now or in the past few months; (2) “historical wounding”—events that occurred early in careers or adult lives that continue to shape daily experiences; and (3) “archaic wounding”—traumas from childhood, which inform decisively career formation and daily practice. Diagnosing the patient or client is a way to engage indirectly in further exploration of one’s own suffering. One’s most difficult wounds can often only be approached through another’s wounds. There most often is a mutuality, a reciprocity, in healing. As practitioners find ways to offer healing for their patients, they can also begin to heal themselves, restore their vocation, and move beyond burnout.
Bach against Modernity
Authors: Marissen Michael 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Many scholars and music lovers hold that Johann Sebastian Bach is a “modern” figure, as his music seems to speak directly to the aesthetic and spiritual or emotional concerns of today’s listeners. This collection of essays suggests that by the standards of what eighteenth-century thinkers believed to be forward-looking and modern, Bach and his music in fact reflected and forcefully promoted a premodern world- and life view. Part I of the book concerns problems of inattentiveness to historical considerations in academic and popular writing about Bach’s relation to the present. Part II puts forward brief interpretive reassessments of key individual works by Bach. Part III examines problems in modern comprehension of the partly archaic German texts that Bach set to music. Part IV explores Bach’s music in relation to premodern versus more enlightened attitudes toward Jews and Judaism. And Part V inquires into the theological character of Bach’s secular instrumental music. The bottom-line judgment is that while we are arguably free to make use of Bach and his music in whatever new ways we find fitting, we ought also to be on the ethical alert for a kind of cultural narcissism in which we end up miscasting Bach in our own ideological image and proclaiming the authenticity of that image, and hence its prestige value, in support of our own agendas.
Bach against Modernity
Authors: Marissen Michael 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Many scholars and music lovers believe that Johann Sebastian Bach is a “modern” figure, as his music seems to speak directly to the specific aesthetic and spiritual or emotional concerns of today’s listeners. This chapter suggests that by the standards of what eighteenth-century thinkers considered to be forward-looking and modern (namely, to exalt reason over revelation as arbiter of truth, to exalt human autonomy and achievement, to exalt religious tolerance, to exalt cosmopolitanism, and to exalt social and political progressiveness), Bach reflected and forcefully promoted a premodern world- and life view, both in his documented personal life and in his public music.
Time and Eternities in Bach’s Cantata 23
Authors: Marissen Michael 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This chapter argues that the “existential I” of Johann Sebastian Bach’s Cantata 23 is not a modern individual who achieves ultimate fulfillment through one’s own effort, merit, and accomplishment but a member of an eternal community whom personal salvation “befalls,” through the unmerited gift of divine grace. And so Cantata 23, which was one of Bach’s audition pieces for his long tenure as director of music in Leipzig, can be heard not simply as an aesthetic manifesto of a modern Great Artist (as is sometimes suggested) but as a sort of theological-musical manifesto: this is what music can do—music can project depths of biblical and theological meaning and experience in ways that words alone cannot.
Bach and Art and Mammon
Authors: Marissen Michael 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This very brief chapter argues that in Johann Sebastian Bach’s world, the arts appear to have been valued more for spiritual comfort and enjoyment than for the modern, centrally driving ideals of entertainment, amusement, and “pure” aesthetic contemplation. Despite a great deal of previous research on the artistic, religious, social, and medical conditions of Bach’s day, many music scholars and enthusiasts could benefit from being still better informed about the concrete historical realities of early-eighteenth-century life and art. Bach himself ought to be appreciated as a real flesh-and-blood human being who was glad to honor God and to enjoy (but not serve) mammon and not just, or even primarily, to have labored for artistic and other recognition.
Against Inequality
Authors: Malleson Tom 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Stark inequality is a problem the world over, one that has been worsening over the past 30 years, particularly in rich, economically developed countries. To acquire the same amount of wealth as Elon Musk, the average American worker would have to work for more than four and a half million years. Is this inequality morally acceptable, and is it feasible to actually reduce inequality in the real world? This book makes the case for rejecting meritocracy, presenting a strong defense against the claim that individuals “deserve” their wealth. The book argues that people, especially rich people, do not morally deserve the bulk of their income because it does not, by and large, come from anything they themselves do but is largely thanks to the vast understructure of other people’s labor, in addition to their lucky possession of bodily talents and efforts. Furthermore, the book brings to light extensive historical and comparative evidence to show that raising taxes on both income and wealth is practically feasible and that any costs of doing so are far outweighed by the truly enormous benefits that such taxes could bring in terms of environmental sustainability, democratic equality, equal opportunity, and reduced racism and xenophobia.
Do Rich People Deserve Their Income?
Authors: Malleson Tom 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This chapter addresses meritocracy and the notion that people deserve to be rewarded in rough proportion to their economic contribution as valued by the market. It argues that in contemporary capitalism, income is not morally deserved because it typically stems from the luck of inheriting very unequal circumstances. In particular, some inherit far more power and class privilege than others in terms of money, geographic location, and access to advantageous schools and social networks. The chapter shows that the vast majority of one’s income cannot, by and large, be attributed to personal effort or talent but is in fact due to the understructure of labor and care provided by other people and is therefore undeserved. Another way of saying this is that income is not deserved because there is nothing close to a level playing field. Moreover, the income that people receive in the market is in many ways morally arbitrary. Far from being a simple reflection of economic contribution, income levels in the market are largely determined by market failures, random spikes and crashes of various prices, and the myriad decisions of politicians and lawyers that shape the nature of the market system and alter the resulting pattern of distribution.
Conclusion
Authors: Malleson Tom 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The conclusion reviews the four major justifications of inequality discussed throughout the book: feasibility, cost, merit, and private property. It summarizes the reasons why we should be skeptical of each of these justifications. The ultimate aim of the book is to persuade the reader of two big ideas: first, for all the reasons discussed in previous chapters, substantial inequality is morally wrong, unjust and unfair; second, the benefits of reducing inequality outweigh the costs, likely by far. The conclusion contrasts the egalitarian positions defended throughout the book with mainstream Rawlsianism and social democracy.
Aging in the Contested Floodplain
Authors: Moonga Fred 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This chapter examines the effects of institutional changes on the social, economic, and cultural aspects of Indigenous older people of the Kafue flats floodplain in southern Zambia. The Indigenous people lived relatively modest lives with economic independence. However, their lives were negatively affected by institutional changes in the access, utilization, and management of pool resources as well as by the effects of climate change. Based on an analysis of evidence and experience of living in the area, the chapter argues that traditional management of pool resources was more sustainable and beneficial to Indigenous people than that brought about by institutional changes. It concludes that Indigenous livelihoods were under threat due to institutional changes and modernization. The latter contributed to “empty nests” and caused a transformation in living arrangements, thus leaving older people more vulnerable. The chapter suggests that future research should focus on how government policy changes need to be synchronized with the livelihoods and traditional culture of Indigenous people in a given area to enhance what is already known and beneficial to a locality.
Loneliness Among Indigenous People in Chile
Authors: Gallardo-Peralta Lorena P. , Sànchez-Moreno Esteban , Rodriguez-Rodriguez Vicente 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Indigenous communities in Chile live in rural native settlements in generally isolated zones. In recent decades, these territories have experienced accelerated depopulation. However, older Indigenous adults prefer to live in their settings despite the decline in their social interactions. This chapter provides an in-depth analysis of the feeling of loneliness and the social and community resources that Indigenous communities mobilize so as not to feel lonely. The chapter reports the findings of a study performed in two Chilean regions with a highly concentrated Indigenous population. It examines the incidence of and factors related to loneliness among Aymara and Mapuche older adults. The study findings confirm a high prevalence of loneliness among Indigenous older people. The significance of the results is addressed in the discussion of the internationally published literature. Specifically, it is argued that there is a need to include loneliness-related problems affecting Indigenous older adults as part of the development of specific public policies that recognize and promote the specificity of the aging process in Indigenous communities.
Examining Intergenerational Ties and Roles
Authors: Philip Jennifer , Soletti Asha Banu 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Family and community support extended to older adults plays an important role in shaping the later years of their life. Existing studies clearly indicate families are undergoing changes in structure and functions. This chapter examines the role of family and community in older adult care and how the family transitions impact the lives of older adults living in tribal communities of Maharashtra, India. It explores the subjective experiences of aging, views on transitions in intergenerational relationships and roles, and the influence of aging on the lives of older adults. The findings indicate that older adults are dependent on their children and the earning household member becomes the decision-maker, resulting in a lack of engagement by family and community. This realization often results in a feeling of loss of status, worthlessness, and loneliness. Understanding the transitions in diverse contexts, and how these influence the later years of life, is important and has implications for policy.
Pan-Islamic Narratives of the Global Order, 1870–1980
Authors: Aydin Cemil 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This chapter looks at modern Pan-Islamism as one of the contested narratives of world order whose content is universalistic and modern rather than rejectionist and reactionary. Along with Pan-African and Pan-Asian visions of the global, Pan-Islamic narratives emerged in the 1880s as a globalist response to the inequities of a racialized Eurocentric imperial world order. The initial idea of trans-imperial Muslim solidarity aimed to give Muslims more rights within European empires and to assert the equality of Muslim states in international law while shadowing the Eurocentric narratives of history, progress, and civilization. The claims and demands on the international order made by Muslim intellectuals and publics are analyzed through the Pan-Islamic discourse that emerged prior to the 1919 Paris Peace Conference. This analysis is followed by a discussion of the legacies, transformation, and political utilizations of Pan-Islamic narratives of global order during the periods of decolonization, the Cold War, and post–Iranian Revolution.
The Enduring Dilemma of Japan’s Uniqueness Narratives
Authors: Koga Kei , Katada Saori N. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
From the Meiji Restoration (1868) to the Reiwa era (2019–) and despite its intermittent international prominence, Japan has never managed to establish either a consistent or universal narrative that would express the significance of its place in the world. Instead, Japan has been facing an enduring dilemma posed by its own uniqueness narratives. The Japanese narratives of its success as the only Asian nation that had managed to modernize and militarize in the Western dominant world of the early 1900s, or as a peaceful economic juggernaut in the 1980s, had only a limited global impact. And while taking ownership of universal values during intense Westernization periods, in the late nineteenth century and during the post-1945 US occupation, it did not produce a narrative that could generalize its experience as a “liminal power” positioned between East and West.
Financial Sanctions and Political Risk in the International Currency System
Authors: McDowell Daniel 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Chapter 1 establishes the theoretical and conceptual framework for the rest of the book, further developing the notion of political risk in the international currency system. Other countries use sanctions as a tool of economic statecraft, but the United States employs them more than any of its peers. The chapter presents a general theory of how US foreign policy influences the policies of foreign governments toward the dollar. The theory considers in simple terms how politics impacts the appeal of the dollar. It identifies the full range of US political actions that affect expectations regarding the benefits and costs associated with the dollar’s international use in two steps. In the first step, the theory incorporates established ideas about how US foreign policy increases the appeal of the dollar. In the second step, it explores the often overlooked observation that US political behavior (in this case, imposing financial sanctions) can also turn states and market actors against the currency.
Introduction
Authors: Nathanson Constance A. , Bergeron Henri 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This chapter poses the central questions the book was designed to answer. Why was there a blood crisis in France? Why was there no crisis in the United States? Chapter 1 introduces the 1991 French blood crisis as the fulcrum around which this book is organized, summarizing the background to this crisis and its absence in the United States, with explicit attention to the criteria by which “crisis” is defined. “Political crisis” is understood as a social production. The books outlines our theoretical framework for the social production of crisis grounded in relevant sociological theory and in comparative cross-national analysis of data from a wide range of sources, both historical, and contemporary with the events in question. Finally, the chapter closes with a summary of the plan for the book.
The Social Production of Political Crisis
Authors: Nathanson Constance A. , Bergeron Henri 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This chapter draws on empirical data together with a rich body of recent literature in the social and political sciences to advance a conceptual framework that not only helps account for the divergent pathways taken by France and the United States in response to HIV/blood contamination but also contributes to knowledge of the social processes by which occurrences in the world are transformed into political crises. The social production of political crisis happens on three levels: first, underlying contradictions in the beliefs and practices that animate an important “field” of action in the polity (the blood system in the present case); second, a process of “strategic mobilization” that renders those contradictions visible in the public arena; and third, a cultural array of beliefs (schemas, symbolic constructions) that frames those contradictions as immoral and unacceptable. Here each of these elements are described in detail, grounding them in sociological theory and empirical data.
Rules to Win By
Authors: McAlevey Jane F. , Lawlor Abby 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Rules to Win By: Participation and Power in Union Negotiations provides a guidebook on participatory social change. It looks into a new theory of negotiation alongside tools and resources for any campaign to harness the power of common people to win the public good. The vision for negotiations originates in engaging the entire union membership directly in the strategizing and negotiation. In an era of polarization and massive legislative setbacks, changemakers in every field need to learn the skills and lessons honed in conflicts against experienced and ruthless union busters. The guidebook also draws insights from recent hard-won unionization and contract negotiation fights to elaborate on how to build the power required to effectively challenge and reverse income inequality, and attacks on democracy.
Legal Rope-a-Dope (PASNAP)
Authors: McAlevey Jane F. , Lawlor Abby 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This chapter references the effort of the Pennsylvania Association of Staff Nurses and Allied Professionals (PASNAP) in their labor-market-wide campaign to elaborate on decades of hard unionization and contract campaigns. It details the PASNAP fight at Albert Einstein Medical Center through a high-participation, high-power organizing approach that can maintain strength and momentum in first contract negotiations and eventually fizzle out. PASNAP and Jane McAlevey conducted a three-phase power structure analysis to understand how the city works, and who could make them grow up and start negotiating. The chapter expounds on the perspective of taking an organizing approach to starting a union, identifying leaders, and winning an election. Using an organizing approach to negotiations meant building real structures that enable workers to take ownership of the fight themselves.
Conclusion
Authors: McAlevey Jane F. , Lawlor Abby 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This concluding chapter elaborates on how participation in negotiation would help build governing power. Transparent, big, and open negotiations, reinforced by a high-participation organizing strategy throughout contract preparations, trust that workers can use their intelligence and power to participate in negotiations. Thus, high participation negotiations are designed for winning a transformative contract. The chapter also considers collective bargaining as a powerful policy tool. It explains that good unions will be the key to rebuilding a fairer country and world, and workers who have contracts expiring stand perhaps the best chance of creating the conditions necessary to fix the broken democracy.
Biological Essentialism
Authors: Devitt Michael 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The book addresses three main issues. The first concerns the essences (natures, identities) of biological taxa, particularly species. Kripke and other metaphysicians hold that these essences are (at least partly) intrinsic, underlying, probably largely genetic properties. This view, based largely on intuitions, is dismissed by the consensus in the philosophy of biology as being incompatible with Darwinism and reflecting ignorance of biology. The book argues that the demands of biological explanation show that the metaphysicians are right. The positive view of the consensus is that the essences are wholly relational: taxa must have certain histories. The book argues that there is indeed an historical component to the essence, but this component presupposes an intrinsic component. The book’s second issue concerns the essences of biological individuals. Metaphysicians have had much to say about this, again on the basis of intuitions. Many hold that an individual is essentially a member of its species. This has recently been unequivocally rejected by philosophers of biology. The book appeals to biological explanation again to argue for essential membership; furthermore, to argue for the Kripkean view that an organism’s essence is partly intrinsic and partly relational (a matter of origin). Finally, the book addresses the lively contemporary issue of whether race is biologically “real”. From the perspective developed earlier, the book argues that there are indeed racial kinds, in some sense, that are “in the realm of the biological”. These kinds also have partly historical and partly intrinsic underlying essences.