bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The use of handheld ultrasound device in cardiac examination of patients with history of COVID-19
Authors: Filipiak D , Kasprzak J D , Lipiec P 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background
Clinical usefulness of Handheld Ultrasound Device [HUD] was previously confirmed in numerous clinical scenarios. During the previous two years Covid-19 patients become a focal point of healthcare worldwide. The assessment of long term consequences of this infection is bound to overload already burdened healthcare system.

Purpose
To assess clinical usefulness of HUD as an adjunct to physical cardiac examination of patients with history of COVID-19.

Methods
Study population consisted of randomly selected patients with no symptoms of cardiovascular pathology, who had been hospitalized due to COVID-19 one year prior to examination. Physical examination and clinical assessment was augmented with short examination with the use of HUD, which included: visual evaluation of the global and regional LV function, measurement of RV size, screening for the significant valve defects and the presence of pericardial effusion. Subsequently full echocardiographic examination with the use of high-end workstation was performed, which results were treated as reference.

Results
54 patients (35 men, mean age 63±13 years) were enrolled into the study. In clinical examination no significant cardiovascular abnormalities were discovered. In 30 [56%] of patients cardiac abnormalities in HUD examination were detected. In 18 patients [33%] LV function assessment was not performed, due to insufficient quality of registered view. In the remaining group significant impairment of LV ejection fraction (&lt;50%) was detected in HUD examination in 3 [6%] patients (2 confirmed in full examination, positive predictive value [PPV] 57%, negative predictive value [NPV] 97%, AUC 0,82±0,17, P 0,057). WMA were diagnosed in 6 [11%] patients (4 confirmed in full examination, PPV 84% NPV 78%, AUC 0,69±0,17, P 0,02). RV enlargement was identified in 21 [39%] patients (PPV 57%, NPV 97%, AUC 0,85±0,05, P&lt;0,0001), mild pericardial effusion in 3 [6%] patient (1 confirmed in full echocardiographic examination; 2 false positive, no false negative), at least moderate mitral/tricuspid/aortic valve insufficiency in 7 [13%] patients (3 confirmed, 4 false positive cases, no false negative). A total mean time of the heart and lungs HUD examination was 2,1±0,6 minute.

Conclusion
Cardiac abnormalities exposed in brief assessment with the use HUD are a relatively common finding in asymptomatic patients previously hospitalized due to COVID infection in a 1-year follow-up, despite normal physical examination. Normal HUD examination excludes the presence of significant cardiac abnormalities with high probability. However one should keep in mind a relatively high percentage of false positive results, which may lead to an exceeding number of patients referred for a full echocardiographic examination.

Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
Causation of potential drug to drug interactions alerts, alert overrides, and adverse drug events in critical cardiac patients
Authors: Mohamed Ariff A , Nalliah S N , Abdul Hadi H A H , Win N T W , Thoulath M I T , Aktifanus A T J , Mutaya S M M , Yusof A K M 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background
Drug-drug interactions (DDIs) leading to adverse drug events (ADEs) are of special interest because they represent preventable medication errors. Preventable ADE can result in errors involving the manifestation of adverse patient outcomes. Given the high complexity of critically ill cardiac patients, it is important to learn how Clinical Drug Decision Support System (CDDSS) affects outcomes in this population and the number of alerts that are likely to be safely suppressed.

Purpose
Identify adverse DDIs that are clinically detected and review the appropriateness of the doctor's actions to the potential DDIs (PDDIs) alert. Study Design: This is a prospective observational study conducted at a critical cardiac care unit (CCU) in a selected tertiary cardiac center for a duration of six months.

Methods
Physicians treating critically ill cardiac patients were presented with PDDIs data which were acquired from two commercially available CDDSS. The relationship between the decision to prescribe and factors hypothesized to affect physicians' decisions was examined.

Results
Evaluation of 709 patient medication profiles were conducted, resulting in 521 assessed patient profiles having had one or more PDDIs with 87% of them being influenced by polypharmacy. Ninety-one patients (17.5%) were associated with one or more adverse DDIs. Of the total 3284 potential DDIs alerts, 95.5% of the alerts were overridden. Preventable ADE as an outcome of inappropriate override has resulted in 83.1%. (236/284) of adverse DDIs. Whereas appropriate overrides as an outcome of clinically irrelevant ADE were 16.9% (48/284).

Conclusion
Poor preventive actions taken by the doctors caused drug-related harm to the patients despite having CDDSS in place. This suggests that CDDSS is an important application to minimize the harm associated with adverse DDIs by alerting physicians of potentially unsafe situations.

Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Public Institution(s). Main funding source(s): International Medical UniversityNational Heart Institute
Perspectives on the use of digital health technologies in cardiology among specialists from an ESC member country: results from a survey
Authors: Kocyigit D , Keser N , Simsek E , Bozyel S , Dalgic Y , Seker M , Korkmaz Y , Guler A , Cinar T , Erturk M 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background
Digital health technologies (DHTs) have the potential of facilitating both physicians' and patients' lives with regards to the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of cardiovascular disease. A huge acceleration in relevant research has been noted particularly after the COVID-19 pandemic.

Purpose
The goal of this study was to determine the reasons for using DHTs in cardiology, as well as the perceived barriers to its use.

Methods
An electronic survey with 43 question multiple-choice questionnaire was conducted between January 10-March 3, 2022. National cardiac society member cardiology fellows in training and specialists were contacted via e-mail (n=2789).

Results
308/2789 (11.04%) subjects responded to the survey (72.40% males, 62.01% aged 30–44 years). 42.53% and 44.81% were affiliated with university hospitals and state hospitals, respectively. 88/297 (29.63%) stated having at least good understanding of DHTs in cardiology. 44.16% utilized smart devices to track their own health status. 117/290 (40.34%) and 193/299 (64.55%) used social media platforms to share medical information with their patients and other physicians, respectively. WhatsApp and Instagram were the most popular platforms for sharing with patients (92/117, 78.63% and 48/117, 41.03%), while WhatsApp and Twitter were the most popular platforms for sharing with other physicians (151/193, 78.24% and 91/193, 47.15%). Considerations and recommendation/utilization patterns of DHTs by physicians are summarized in Table 1. Perceived barriers to the use of DHTs in cardiology is shown on Figure 1 (A: physician-related, B: patient-related, C: technical).

Conclusion
Findings suggest that nearly half of the physicians use DHTs to collect their own health data and use social media to disseminate health information. The majority of physicians believe that DHT is beneficial to both themselves and their patients, and that DHT use in cardiology has increased as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. To overcome the challenges to the use of DHTs in cardiology, a multilayered collaborative effort involving patient and professional organizations, as well as technical stakeholders and lawmakers, is required.

Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
Assessment of heart failure parameters by telemonitoring patients with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator
Authors: Fily M , Feliachi S , Leven F , Inamo J C , Hamonic J B , Mansourati J 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Different heart failure (HF) parameters have been evaluated in patients with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD). Recently, a multi-parameters HF index available in some ICDs has been proposed for patients monitoring in order to prevent hospitalizations for HF. We sought to analyze this index in our patients, based on the occurrence of hospitalizations for HF and/or all-cause mortality. As a second endpoint, the level of NT-pro-BNP, the treatment of HF and the Minnesota score (quality of life) were as well evaluated.

Method
This was on an open, single-center, case-control study. Inclusions started on March 2017 to end up in November 2020 with the main criteria of HF with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) &lt;35%, DDD or CRT-D implanted in primary prevention. A control group was composed of patients receiving telemonitoring and a control group composed of patients receiving standard monitoring. A 1/1 pairing was carried out, based on 3 criteria: age, sex and the date of ICD implantation. Data collection was carried out in August 2021.

Results
74 patients were included in the study; none was lost to follow-up. The occurrence of hospitalization for HF and/or death from any cause was found at the end of the study in 7 of 37 patients in the remote monitoring group versus 22 events of 37 in patients receiving standard monitoring (p=0.011). The number of deaths from any cause was 4 in the study group vs 8 in the control group (NS, p=0.21). The average length of hospital stay is 6.27 days (± 23.6) for patients receiving remote monitoring compared to 9.14 days (± 22.1) p=0.64. NT-pro-BNP was found with a median level of 553 pg/mL [146; 1541] in the remotely monitored group against 498 pg/mL [211; 1400] in controls (p=0.77). The assessment of quality of life by the Minnesota score shows a similar result (p=0.7). Analysis of the treatment of HF shows a significantly (p&lt;0.01) greater presence of anti-aldosterone in patients receiving remote monitoring.

Conclusion
Our study demonstrates the benefit of the telemonitoring protocol on the occurrence of hospitalizations for heart failure and/or all-cause mortality in heart failure patients with an ICD. We observe a significantly higher percentage of anti-aldosterone treatment in monitored patients, suggesting a more optimized medical treatment.

Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
Wearable device for continuously blood pressure monitoring enable atrial fibrillation risk
Authors: Guo Y , Zhang H 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background
The epidemiological data have linked atrial fibrillation (AF) risk with hypertension.
The surging wearable devices allow noninvasive beat-by-beat blood pressure monitoring.

Objective
The present study aimed to investigate dynamic changes on blood pressure with wearable blood pressure monitors and its-related risk for AF occurrence.

Methods
In the mobile Atrial Fibrillation Application (mAFA II) programme, the subjects used the photoplethysmography (PPG)-based smart devices to detect the AF episodes. They simultaneously freely decided whether to take the wearables to monitor their blood pressure.

Results
There were 25388 subjects (mean age ± standard deviation, SD, 48±12 years old, 90.4% male) who received simultaneously blood pressure and cardiac rhythm monitoring with the wearables between Jan 1, 2022 and March 19, 2022. The monitored time (median, interquartile) were 6 (12–18) days and the number of measurements of blood pressure were 16 (3–56).
The 8830 subjects (34.8%, 8830/25388) monitored with average 24-hour BP &gt;130/80 mm Hg and 945 subjects (10%, 945/8830) with pulse differential over 60 mmHg.
The extreme-dippers blood pressure and reverse-dippers blood pressure were in 8563 subjects (33.7%, 8563/25388) and 7018 subjects (27.6%, 7018/25388), respectively.
There were 498 subjects (58±12 years, 89% male) who identified with AF. After adjusting age, gender, diabetes, obstructive sleep apnea, heart failure, coronary artery disease, and hyperthyroidism, the average 24-hour BP &gt;130/80 mm Hg (Odd ratio, OR, 95% confidential interval, CI, 1.38, 1.12–1.69, p=0.002), the reverse-dippers blood pressure (OR, 95% CI, 1.29, 1.07–1.56, p=0.008) and pulse differential over 60 mmHg (OR, 95% CI, 1.76,1.17–2.64, p=0.006) independently predicted the risk of AF.

Conclusion
Wearable devices with beat-by-beat monitoring demonstrated that not only high average 24-hour BP, but also reverse-dippers blood pressure and pulse differential over 60 mmHg increased AF susceptibility, which informing the clinical application of personalized “upstream risk control” of AF.

Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): National Natural Science Foundation of China
Efficacy of controlvit as a complementary strategy in reducing hospitalizations in patients with heart failure. Randomized clinical trial
Authors: Achury D M , Garcia A G , Marino A M , Bohorquez W B , Gonzalez R G 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Introduction
In patients with heart failure, the main cause of hospital admissions is due to episodes of decompensation, which are associated with an increase in the costs and resources needed for care; they have a negative impact on the quality of life and prognosis of the disease. Therefore, it is necessary to design, evaluate and implement alternatives to achieve efficient follow-up and monitoring, improving adherence to treatment and helping identify decompensation episodes that facilitate their early treatment, so new hospital admissions can be avoided. For this reason, the use of information and communication technologies (apps) is emerging as an excellent strategy for the possibility of improving coverage, real-time monitoring and timeliness of care. ControlVit® is an electronic application that allows permanent, real-time monitoring of biomedical measurements for early detection of complications.

Objective
To determine the efficacy of ControlVit® as a complementary strategy in reducing hospital admissions in patients in a heart failure program.

Methodology
A randomized, placebo-controlled, open-label clinical trial was conducted, (n=140), included patients with heart failure under controlled clinical follow-up in a structured heart failure program, into NYHA FC II–IV, capable of handling smartphones and with permanent internet connectivity. All patients were provided with educational elements, a scale and a blood pressure monitor to enter clinical data and a symptom questionnaire necessary for follow-up. The patients were randomized to 2 groups: intervention: use of ControlVit® vs. placebo, with a 6-month follow-up. The primary outcome was the difference in readmissions for heart failure between the 2 groups. Patients on the waiting list for heart transplantation or use of ventricular assist devices were excluded. All participants signed informed consent and the protocol was approved by the institutional ethics committee.

Results
A total of 140 patients were included in the study (intervention = 71, placebo = 69), with an average age of 66 years, 71% were men, the main etiology of heart failure was ischemic (60%), the main comorbidities were arterial hypertension (44%), dyslipidemia (42%), hypothyroidism (38%), chronic kidney disease (38%), and diabetes mellitus (27%). During follow-up, there were 6 deaths (3 in each group) and 17 readmissions (3 in the intervention group and 14 in the control group). After adjustment for comorbidities, HR 0.72 CI95 (0.52; 0.92), p=0.0325 was found.

Conclusion
In patients with heart failure, ControlVit® is a useful and complementary tool for follow-up, which reduces hospital admissions due to episodes of decompensation.

Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: Other. Main funding source(s): German Saldarriega award.Javeriana University
Cardiovascular risk profile after a complicated pregnancy across ethnic groups: the HELIUS study
Authors: Burger Renée J , Gordijn Sanne J , Bolijn Renee , Reilingh Annemarie , Moll Van Charante Eric P , Van Den Born Bert-Jan H , De Groot Christianne J M , Ravelli Anita C J , Galenkamp Henrike , Van Valkengoed Irene G M , Ganzevoort Wessel 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAimsLittle is known about how pregnancy complications and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk are associated, specifically among ethnic minorities. In this study, we examined this association in women from six ethnic groups, and the potential value of pregnancy complications as eligibility criterion for CVD risk screening.Methods and resultsWe conducted a cross-sectional study combining obstetric history from the Dutch perinatal registry with data on cardiovascular risk up to 15 years after pregnancy from the multi-ethnic HELIUS study. We included 2466 parous women of Dutch, South-Asian Surinamese, African Surinamese, Ghanaian, Turkish, and Moroccan origin. Associations were studied across ethnicities and predictive value of pregnancy complications for CVD risk factors above traditional eligibility criteria for CVD risk screening was assessed using Poisson regression. History of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and preterm birth were associated with higher prevalence of chronic hypertension and chronic kidney disease across most groups [prevalence ratio (PR): 1.6–1.9]. Gestational diabetes mellitus was associated with increased type 2 diabetes mellitus risk, particularly in ethnic minority groups (PR: 4.5–7.7). Associations did not significantly differ across ethnic groups. The prediction models did not improve substantially after adding pregnancy complications to traditional eligibility criteria for CVD risk screening.ConclusionHistory of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, preterm birth, and gestational diabetes mellitus is associated with CVD risk factors in parous women, without evidence of a differential association across ethnic groups. However, addition of pregnancy complications to traditional eligibility criteria for CVD risk screening does not substantially improve the prediction of prevalent CVD risk factors.
Global financing for health policy and systems research: a review of funding opportunities
Authors: Kentikelenis Alexander , Ghaffar Abdul , McKee Martin , Dal Zennaro Livia , Stuckler David 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Health policy and systems research (HPSR) is a neglected area in global health financing. Despite repeated calls for greater investment, it seems that there has been little growth. We analysed trends in reported funding and activity between 2015 and 2021 using a novel real-time source of global health data, the Devex.com database, the world’s largest source of funding opportunities related to international development. We performed a systematic search of the Devex.com database for HPSR-related terms with a focus on low- and middle-income countries. We included ‘programs’, ‘tenders & grants’ and ‘contract awards’, covering all call statuses (open, closed or forecast). Such funding opportunities were included if they were related specifically to HPSR funding or had an HPSR component; pure biomedical funding was excluded. Our findings reveal a relative neglect of HPSR, as only ∼2% of all global health funding calls included a discernible HPSR component. Despite increases in funding calls until 2019, this situation reversed in 2020, likely reflecting the redirection of resources to rapid assessments of the impacts of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Most identified projects represented small-scale opportunities—commonly for consultancies or technical assistance. To the extent that new data were generated, these projects were either tied to a specific large intervention or were narrow in scope to meet a specific challenge—with many examples informing policy responses to the Covid-19 pandemic. Nearly half of advertised funding opportunities were multi-country projects, usually addressing global policy priorities like health systems strengthening or development of coordinated public health policies at a regional level. The Covid-19 pandemic has shown why investing in HPSR is more important than ever to enable the delivery of effective health interventions and avoid costly implementation failures. The evidence presented here highlights the need to scale up efforts to convince global health funders to institutionalize the inclusion of HPSR components in all funding calls.
Feeding by larval fish: how taxonomy, body length, mouth size, and behaviour contribute to differences among individuals and species from a coastal ecosystem
Authors: Pepin Pierre 
Published: December 2022

AbstractData on individual stomach contents were used to describe length-dependent differences in feeding success of larvae of 11 species of fish found in coastal Newfoundland, Canada. Copepods dominated the diet with a gradual shift from nauplii to copepodites in all species. Differences in feeding success in both prey number and gut fullness among individual larvae was linked to increasing individual diet diversity in all taxa, although there was a weak decline in mean prey size. Maxilla and body length, within and among taxa, have a dominant positive influence on the potential feeding success of larval fish. In addition to differences in average stomach weight, the variability in number of prey per stomach among individuals indicates that each species perceives their prey environment in different ways. Taxonomic proximity had limited effect on differences in feeding success among taxa. The results suggest that behavioural differences among individuals and taxa, that likely reflect swimming capacity and/or prey perception/capture ability, are likely to be important elements contributing to feeding success. Body and mouth size may represent key characteristics that should be considered in evaluating differences in feeding success among species as well as among individuals within and among cohorts.
Residues, Grothendieck Polynomials, and K-Theoretic Thom Polynomials
Authors: Rimányi Richárd , Szenes András 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Grothendieck polynomials were introduced by Lascoux and Schützenberger and play an important role in K-theoretic Schubert calculus. In this paper, we give a new definition of double stable Grothendieck polynomials based on an iterated residue operation. We illustrate the power of our definition by calculating the Grothendieck expansion of K-theoretic Thom polynomials of ${\mathcal {A}}_{2}$ singularities. We present this expansion in two versions: one displays its stabilization property, while the other displays its expected finiteness property.