bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Laughing Matter(s): Reactions of Muslims in Europe to Islamophobia and the Role of Comic Relief
Authors: Aydin Zeynep 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Laughter and humour can have therapeutic effects on traumatized individuals. Now, the generation of Muslims that grew up after the 9/11 terror attacks is using comic relief to recount their experience with Islamophobia. While the trend started with television stand-up comedians and their performances, the movement has spread through the social media grape vine all the way from Twitter to TikTok. In this article the (social) media landscape is examined and comedic content is analysed to assess how and why content creators share their experiences. It finds that the greatest difference between content creators results from the gender-based experiences they draw on when recounting their stories. Comedy was a very strong means of communicating this highly sensitive subject. Through humour, content creators also wished to also break the stereotype of Muslims not understanding satire and just being an angry inflexible mob.
Testing Carlquistian hypotheses on the functional significance of vessel element length
Authors: Echeverría Alberto , Petrone-Mendoza Emilio , Anfodillo Tommaso , Brodribb Tim , Torres-San Miguel Christopher René , Rueda Arreguín José Luis , Olson Mark E. 
Published: May 2023

Summary
While total vessel length is widely recognized as being of fundamental functional significance, opinion is more divided regarding the potential functional importance of vessel element length, a variable that Sherwin Carlquist regarded as functionally significant. We show that vessel element length can, as Carlquist predicted, affect vessel resistance to deformation. Perforation plates are locally thickened annuli, so tubes with annuli resist deformation better than those without, and tubes with closely-spaced annuli resist deformation better than those with distantly spaced ones. However, there is a tradeoff between deformation resistance and conductance. With a comparative analysis across more than 1000 species of angiosperms, we show that both vessel element length and the areas of individual inter-conduit pits scale positively with vessel diameter. Such covariation is expected if plants are to maintain conductance as they grow taller. Congruent with Carlquist’s thinking, we found that species with vessel elements that are exceptionally short tend to grow in drylands, whereas those with vessel elements that are exceptionally long tend to grow in moist climates. Finally, we show evidence suggesting that selection on vessel element length is an important determinant of imperforate tracheary element length. Conversely, the evidence for selection on imperforate tracheary element length affecting vessel element length appears to be weaker. These results seem sufficient to establish that, whatever the functional importance of total vessel length, vessel element length is a variable of functional significance in its own right, congruent with Sherwin Carlquist’s long-held views.
The Saga of Abbot Germanos of St George of Mangana in Nicosia and Greek-Latin Ecclesiastical Relations on Cyprus in the Reign of Pope John XXII
Authors: Kyriacou Chrysovalantis , Schabel Chris 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Based on published and hitherto unpublished papal letters, this paper reconstructs the fascinating story of Abbot Germanos of St George of Mangana, one of the wealthiest Greek monasteries in Latin-ruled Cyprus. Beginning with an updated exposition of the monastery’s Byzantine origins and Constantinopolitan ties, the paper continues with Germanos’ appeals to Pope John XXII (1316-1334) concerning the settling of a dispute between Germanos himself and a group of his monks in the 1320s. Germanos’ case thus becomes a window for exploring the motivations of historical actors in a world shaped by the politics of Latin domination in the East, the agenda of papal supremacy, the Bulla Cypria constitution, and Latin and Byzantine monastic traditions and practices. The need to address these conditions in a realistic way, while serving institutional and personal interests, enabled the development of complex networks that cut across the binary of Greek vs. Latin. The editio princeps of Pope John XXII’s first letter to Germanos (8 July 1322) is an invaluable addition to the Mangana affair portfolio, contributing to a fuller picture of the crisis, providing information on the protagonists and the monastery, and reflecting papal pastoral concerns in the East.
Bell Towers, Bell Gables, and Bellcotes in Late Medieval Cyprus
Authors: Kaffenberger Thomas 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This study investigates bell-bearing structures and their historical context in Cyprus. The aim is to shed light on when and in which ways bells were introduced into Greek religious practice on the island, taking into account that they are often a sign of cultural exchange between Latins and Greeks in other areas of the Mediterranean. This shall be achieved through a focus on the material evidence preserved from mainly Greek buildings from ca. 1200-1571, compared with buildings of other rites on the island and complemented by manifold textual evidence predominantly from the Latin sphere. It is shown how bells and the traditional Greek semantron were used in parallel from at least the thirteenth century on, first enriching urban soundscapes of cities like Famagusta and furthermore enabling a more diversified call to liturgies and other events mainly in monastic environments.
The Grandmothers of Shaheen Bagh: An Indian Muslim Women’s Protest and the Future of Satyagraha
Authors: Lal Vinay 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The Indian dadis (grandmothers) of Shaheen Bagh, over the space of less than four months from mid-December 2019 to late March 2020, offered a palpable demonstration that the spirit of satyagraha (nonviolent resistance) cannot be extinguished. Indeed, as I shall suggest, the short-lived Shaheen Bagh movement cannot be seen other than as a momentous event in the global history of nonviolent resistance and as quite likely the most promising step in the further evolution of satyagraha. Shaheen Bagh may even have presaged the extraordinary upheaval taking place in Iran where, once again, it is women—most of them young enough to be the grand-daughters of the dadis whose offering of satyagraha convulsed India for a short time—who have shown the way to exercise nonviolent resistance to a regime that has shown no hesitation in the brutal repression of dissent.
Psychological Impacts of Retained Bullets From the Perspective of Survivors
Authors: Smith R. N. , Nedergaard R. M. , Meyer C. H. , DeSousa N. , Ghosh M. , Blount Q. , Apte A. , Resnick S. , Hennink M. M. 
Published: May 2023

Introduction Despite a high prevalence of retained bullet fragments (RBFs) after firearm related injury (FRI) there is limited data on the full spectrum of their consequences, particularly the psychological impacts on those injured. Further, the experiences of FRI survivors with RBFs are missing from existing literature. The objective of this study was to explore the psychological impacts of RBFs on individuals who have experienced recent FRI. Methods Adult (18-65 years) survivors of FRI with radiographically confirmed RBFs were purposively selected from an urban Level 1 trauma center in Atlanta, Georgia, to participate in an in-depth interview. Interviews were conducted between March 2019 and February 2020. Thematic analysis was used to identify a range of psychological effects from RBFs. Results Interviews from 24 FRI survivors were analyzed: the majority of participants were Black males (N = 22, 92%) with a mean age of 32 years whose FRI occurred ∼8.6 months prior to data collection. The psychological effects of RBFs were grouped into four categories: physical health (eg, pain, limited mobility), emotional well-being (eg, anger, fear), social isolation, and occupational welfare (eg, disability leading to inability to work). A range of coping mechanisms were also identified. Conclusion Survivors of FRI with RBFs experience a range of psychological impacts that are far-reaching and affect daily activities, mobility, pain and emotional wellbeing. Study results indicate a need for enhanced resources to support those with RBFs. Further, changes to clinical protocols are warranted on removal of RBFs and communication about the effects of leaving RBFs in situ.
“We Got to Fight for What We Want”: Black School Rebellions In Louisiana, 1965–1974
Authors: Stern Walter C. 
Published: May 2023

Background/Context: Historians have established that Black students used force to challenge racist repression in schools throughout the United States during the 1960s and 1970s. However, the existing literature’s national focus raises unanswered questions about the extent to which Black students’ forceful responses to discrimination varied across local contexts. Focus of Study: This article examines 42 episodes from Louisiana secondary schools in which Black students collectively used force to resist subordination between 1965 and 1974. Drawing upon Black Studies scholarship, it treats these incidents as political acts of rebellion rather than lawless “riots.” Research Design: To determine where, when, how, and why Louisiana’s Black students used force, this historical study draws upon archival materials from eight collections at five archives, more than one dozen local and national newspapers, and author-conducted interviews. Conclusions/Recommendations: Although Black students acted on shared concerns about systemic inequality, site-specific factors shaped each rebellion. This essay therefore argues that scholars should not mistake the ubiquity of Black students’ violent opposition to white supremacy as an indication that subordination or resistance remained static across time and space. It encourages further localized study that is attentive to the temporal and geographic contingencies that shape the racial politics of education.
LEGO: Linked electronic government ontology
Authors: Brys Carlos , Navas-Delgado Ismael , Aldana-Montes José F , Roldán-García María del Mar 
Published: May 2023

E-government services are subject to a growing level of complexity, which requires a disruptive approach that better support the citizen needs concerning the government administration. Nowadays, available information technologies facilitate the description and online execution of administrative tasks, saving time and reducing possible errors. These technologies reduce administrative costs but require a complex electronic government system. We propose using semantic technologies to describe the e-government organisational units and services in the Open Government Data and Services context. The use of semantics improves government management, service delivery and decision-making processes. This article presents an extension of related work, introducing the evolution of the Ontology for Electronic Government (EGO): integrating other existing ontologies, supporting new features to describe e-government services and widening the usage scenarios. This extension enables the use in a real scenario with four use cases: the electronic government in the Province of Misiones (Argentina). However, the use in the domain of electronic government in a provincial context is also a proof of concept that this approach is general enough to expand into superior domains of countries that adopt the republican system of government with the division of government into the executive, legislative and judicial branches.
Baseline Differences in Driving Frequency as a Predictor of Cognitive Decline and Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Miller Luke R. , Reed Christopher , Divers Ross , Calamia Matthew 
Published: May 2023

Objective To extend prior research by examining daily driving frequency as a predictor of cognitive decline and later diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease. Methods 1,426 older adults completed batteries of questionnaires and neuropsychological tests at baseline and yearly follow-ups (M = 6.8, SD = 4.9). Linear mixed effects models were estimated to examine whether daily driving frequency at baseline was predictive of cognitive decline while accounting for IADLs, mobility, depression, and demographics. Cox regression was used to examine driving frequency as a predictor of Alzheimer’s disease diagnosis. Results Less daily driving frequency was associated with greater decline in all cognitive domains over time except for working memory. Although driving frequency was associated with these changes in cognition, it did not uniquely predict the development of Alzheimer’s disease when accounting for other factors (eg, other IADLs). Conclusions Our findings extend prior research linking driving cessation to greater levels of cognitive decline. Future work might benefit from examining the utility of driving habits (especially changes in driving) as measures of everyday functioning in older adult evaluations.
Effectiveness of Telephone-Based Interpersonal Psychotherapy on Antenatal Depressive Symptoms: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial in The Kingdom of Jordan
Authors: Abujilban Sanaa , Al-Omari Hasan , Issa Esra’a , ALhamdan Ayat , Al-nabulsi Lama , Mrayan Lina , Mahmoud Khadejah F. , Kernohan W. George 
Published: May 2023

Background: Jordanian pregnant women report high prevalence of antenatal depressive symptoms, compared to their counterparts internationally. One potential nonpharmacological intervention is Interpersonal Psychotherapy (IPT), accessed by telephone. Aim: The aim of this study is to compare the depressive symptom level(s) among Jordanian pregnant women who received IPT treatment with those who received routine antenatal care. Methods: A prospective randomized controlled trial design was used. Following ethical approval, a sample of 100 pregnant women (50 in each group) at 24 to 37 weeks gestation, was drawn from one governmental public hospital. Seven sessions (each half an hour) of telephone-based IPT were offered twice weekly to those assigned to the intervention arm: one pretherapy orientation, five intermediates, and one closing session. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale was administered before and after the intervention. Analysis of covariance was used to detect the intervention effect. The two groups were matched based on demographic and health characteristics. Results: Compared to the control group, pregnant women who received the intervention reported fewer depressive symptoms. Conclusions: Midwives and general nurses should screen all pregnant women for symptoms of depression. The effectiveness of IPT treatment in alleviating depressive symptoms indicates the importance of using such supportive interventions by midwives and general nurses, who are trained in psycho-educational counseling techniques. Moreover, data provided by this study may encourage policymakers to legislate policies that make psychotherapists available and accessible in antenatal care units and ensure that staff have adequate training via continuing education programs to screen for antenatal depressive symptoms.
How Prior Experience With Automated Technology Impacts Perceptions of Autonomous Vehicles Among Midwestern U.S. Farmers
Authors: Hazelton-Boyle Josephine K. , Piatkowski Daniel 
Published: May 2023

Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) are widely considered to be the future of surface transportation in the United States, but little is understood about how people will interact with these vehicles, what they will use them for, and how they will impact our roads. However, farmers have been interacting with some degree of AV technology, primarily auto-guidance, in the Midwestern U.S. for at least the last 10 years. We use in-depth qualitative interviews to understand farmers’ experiences with using highly automated technology in order to inform adoption and diffusion patterns of AVs. The findings include implications for on-road AVs for technology adoption, infrastructure, AV users, and public policy which each hold relevance for engineers, planners, and policy-makers seeking to be proactive in preparing for AVs.
An artificial neural network approach for rational decision-making in borderline orthodontic cases: A preliminary analytical observational in silico study
Authors: Kapoor Shanya , Shyagali Tarulatha R , Kuraria Amit , Gupta Abhishek , Tiwari Anil , Goyal Payal 
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Artificial intelligence (AI) technology has transformed the way healthcare functions in the present scenario. In orthodontics, expert systems and machine learning have aided clinicians in making complex, multifactorial decisions. One such scenario is an extraction decision in a borderline case. Objective: The present in silico study was planned with the intention of building an AI model for extraction decisions in borderline orthodontic cases. Design: An observational analytical study. Setting: Department of Orthodontics, Hitkarini Dental College and Hospital, Madhya Pradesh Medical University, Jabalpur, India. Methods: An artificial neural network (ANN) model for extraction or non-extraction decisions in borderline orthodontic cases was constructed based on a supervised learning algorithm using the Python (version 3.9) Sci-Kit Learn library and feed-forward backpropagation method. Based on 40 borderline orthodontic cases, 20 experienced clinicians were asked to recommend extraction or non-extraction treatment. The decision of the orthodontist and the diagnostic records, including the selected extraoral and intra-oral features, model analysis and cephalometric analysis parameters, constituted the training dataset of AI. The built-in model was then tested using a testing dataset of 20 borderline cases. After running the model on the testing dataset, the accuracy, F1 score, precision and recall were calculated. Results: The present AI model showed an accuracy of 97.97% for extraction and non-extraction decision-making. The receiver operating curve (ROC) and cumulative accuracy profile showed a near-perfect model with precision, recall and F1 values of 0.80, 0.84 and 0.82 for non-extraction decisions and 0.90, 0.87 and 0.88 for extraction decisions. Limitation: As the present study was preliminary in nature, the dataset included was too small and population-specific. Conclusion: The present AI model gave accurate results in decision-making capabilities related to extraction and non-extraction treatment modalities in borderline orthodontic cases of the present population.
Primary aortoenteric fistula after intravesical instillation of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin for bladder cancer
Authors: Lorenzo Javier Fernández , López Arquillo Irene María , Rey Jorge Vidal 
Published: May 2023

Objective Primary aortoenteric fistulas (PAEFs) are a rare entity with high morbidity, and their relationship with Bacillus Instillation of Calmette-Guérin is anecdotal. Methods/Results We present a 68-year-old male with a primary aortoenteric fistula after instillation of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) for a non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Diagnosis was made by CT angiography, subsequently confirmed by intraoperative findings and results of anatomopathological studies of aortic wall samples. We performed an in-situ reconstruction with a silver prosthesis impregnated in rifampicin with satisfactory evolution at one year. Conclusions Primary aortoenteric fistula is an extremely rare complication, and although its relationship with intravesical BCG therapy is anecdotal, it should be considered in patients with gastrointestinal bleeding who have previously undergone this treatment. Its diagnosis requires clinical suspicion, and its treatment should be carried out without delay. Long-term targeted anti-biotherapeutic treatment is a fundamental pillar for its management. Reconstruction with an antibiotic-impregnated silver prosthesis is a valid option in cases of controlled infection.
Cardiac function in women receiving dual anti-Her2 antibodies (trastuzumab and pertuzumab) combined with chemotherapy for breast cancer
Authors: Zekri Jamal , Rasool Haleem , Rizvi Syed Azhar J , Eldeeb Hany , Al-Gahmi Aboelkhair , Farag Kamel , Rasmy Ayman 
Published: May 2023

Background: Chemotherapy regimens containing a combination of anti-Her2 antibodies are effective but can be associated with cardiac toxicity. Objectives: We evaluate the outcome with a particular focus on the cardiac function of patients with Her2 over-expressed breast cancer receiving Chemotherapy regimens combined with Trastuzumab and Pertuzumab in routine clinical practice settings. Design and methods: The initial cohort of patients who started Chemotherapy regimens in combination with Trastuzumab and Pertuzumab before September 2019 in four cancer units were reviewed retrospectively. All patients had regular measurements of left ventricular ejection fraction by Doppler ultrasound. Results: Sixty-seven patients were identified. Chemotherapy regimens in combination with Trastuzumab and Pertuzumab treatment were administered in the neoadjuvant and palliative settings in 28 (41.8%) and 39 (58.2%) patients, respectively. All patients underwent left ventricular ejection fraction assessment prior to starting Chemotherapy regimens in combination with Trastuzumab and Pertuzumab treatment and at 3 and 6 months later. Subsequently, left ventricular ejection fraction was measured at 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, and 24 months as long as patients are still receiving any of the treatment components. Compared to baseline, the mean left ventricular ejection fraction was not significantly different at any of the subsequent time points (range; decrease by 0.936% to increase by 1.087%: T-test P value not statistically significant for all comparisons). Trastuzumab and Pertuzumab administration was withheld temporarily for two patients due to clinically suspected cardiac toxicity which was excluded upon further investigations. In the neoadjuvant cohort, 82.3% of patients were relapse free at 3 years. The median progression-free survival was 20 months, and the median overall survival was 41 months in the palliative cohort. Conclusion: In this cohort describing our limited initial experience, dual anti-Her2 antibodies (Trastuzumab and Pertuzumab) combined with chemotherapy is effective and not associated with significant cardiac toxicity when the left ventricular ejection fraction is measured every 3 months. This may suggest that previous concerns about cardiotoxicity may have been overemphasized. Further studies investigating less frequent left ventricular ejection fraction monitoring may be warranted.