bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Senescent cardiomyocytes contribute to cardiac dysfunction following myocardial infarction.
Authors: Redgrave Rachael , Dookun Emily , Booth Laura , Folaranm Omowumi , Tual-Chalot Simon , Gill Jason , Owens Andrew , Spyridopoulos Ioakim , Passos Joao , Richardson Gavin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Myocardial infarction is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. While reperfusion is now standard therapy, pathological remodeling leading to heart failure remains a clinical problem. Cellular senescence has been shown to contribute to disease pathophysiology and treatment with the senolytic navitoclax attenuates inflammation, reduces adverse myocardial remodeling and results in improved functional recovery. However, it remains unclear which senescent cell populations contribute to these processes. To identify whether senescent cardiomyocytes contribute to disease pathophysiology post-myocardial infarction, we established a transgenic model in which p16 (CDKN2A) expression was specifically knocked-out in the cardiomyocyte population. Following myocardial infarction, mice lacking cardiomyocyte p16 expression demonstrated no difference in cardiomyocyte hypertrophy but exhibited improved cardiac function and significantly reduced scar size in comparison to control animals. This data demonstrates that senescent cardiomyocytes participate in pathological myocardial remodeling. Importantly, inhibition of cardiomyocyte senescence led to reduced senescence-associated inflammation and decreased senescence-associated markers within other myocardial lineages, consistent with the hypothesis that cardiomyocytes promote pathological remodeling by spreading senescence to other cell-types. Collectively this study presents a novel demonstration that senescent cardiomyocytes are major contributors to myocardial remodeling and dysfunction following a myocardial infarction. Therefore, to maximize the potential for clinical translation, it is important to further understand the mechanisms underlying cardiomyocyte senescence and how to optimize senolytic strategies to target this cell lineage.
Wake Characterization of Building Clusters Immersed in Atmospheric Boundary Layers
Authors: Mishra Abhishek , Placidi Marco , Carpentieri Matteo , Robins Alan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Wind tunnel experiments were conducted to understand the effect of building array size (N), aspect ratio (AR), and the spacing between building (WS) on the mean structure and decay of their wakes. Arrays of size 3×3, 4×4,and 5×5, AR = 4, 6, and 8, and WS = 0.5WB, 1WB, 2WB and 4WB (where WB is the building width) were considered. Three different wake regimes behind the clusters were identified: near-, transition-, and far-wake regimes. The results suggest that the spatial extent of these wake regimes is governed by the overall array width (WA). The effects of individual buildings are observed to be dominant in the near-wake regime (0 < x/WA < 0.5) where individual wakes appear behind each building. These wakes are observed to merge together in the ‘transition wake region’ (0.5 < x/WA < 1.5), forming a combined wake in which the individual contributions are no longer apparent. In the far-wake regime (x/WA > 1.5), the wake characteristics and scales of building clusters wakes are similar to those downstream of a single isolated building. Accordingly, new local and global scaling parameters in the near- and far-wake regimes are introduced. The decay of the centreline velocity deficit is then modelled as a function of the three parameters considered in the experiment.
Exploratory Laparotomy During the Battle of Mosul, 2016–2017: Results from a Tertiary Civilian Hospital in Erbil, Iraqi Kurdistan
Authors: Muhrbeck Måns , Egelko Aron , Haweizy Rawand Musheer , von Schreeb Johan , Älgå Andreas 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background:
The Battle of Mosul (2016–2017) was an urban conflict resulting in over 9000s civilian deaths. Emergency Management Centre (EMC), located 90km from Mosul, was designated as a civilian-run trauma centre as part of the novel Mosul Trauma Pathway. Patients necessitating ex-lap provide a unique window into the system of care delivery in conflicts, given the importance of timely, resource-intensive care. However, there is insufficient knowledge regarding the presentation and outcomes for conflict-related ex-lap in civilian institutions.
Methods:
This is a descriptive study using routinely collected data for all patients who underwent ex-lap at EMC for injuries sustained during the battle of Mosul. Differences in demographics, pre-hospital/hospital course, and New Injury Severity Scores (NISS) were analysed using student t-test, Hotelling T-squared, and linear regression.
Results:
During the battle, 1832 patients with conflict-related injuries were admitted to EMC. Some 73/1832 (4.0%) underwent ex-lap, of whom 22/73 (30.1%) were children and 40/73 (54.8%) were non-combatant adults. Men constituted 51/73 (69%) patients. Bullets caused 19/73 (26.0%) injuries, while ordnances caused 52/73 (71.2%). Information regarding hospital course was available for 47/73 (64.4%) patients. Children had prolonged time from injury to first laparotomy compared to adults (600 vs 208 minutes, p<0.05). Median LOS was 6 days (IQR 4–9.5); however, 11/47 (23%) patients left against medical advice. Post-operative complications occurred in 11/47 (23.4%) patients; 6/11 (54.5%) were surgical site infections. There were 12 (25.5%) patients who underwent relaparotomies after index surgery elsewhere; 10/12 (83.3%) were for failed repairs or missed injuries. Median NISS was 18 (IQR 12–27). NISS were significantly higher for women (vs men; 28.5 vs 19.8), children (vs adults; 28.8 vs 20), and relaparotomy patients (vs primary laparotomy patients; 32.0 vs 19.0). Some 3 patients died, 2 of whom were relaparotomies.
Conclusion:
At this civilian tertiary trauma centre, conflict-related exploratory laparotomies were associated with low morbidity and mortality. Long transport times, high rates of repeat laparotomies, and high numbers of patients leaving against medical advice raise questions regarding continuity of care along the Mosul Trauma Pathway.
Registration: The study protocol was registered at Clinicaltrails.gov, ID NCT03490305, prior to collection of data.
An Evaluative Baseline for Sentence-Level Semantic Division
Authors: Cai Kuangsheng , Chen Zugang , Guo Hengliang , Wang Shaohua , Li Guoqing , Li Jing 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Semantic folding theory (SFT) is an emerging cognitive science theory that aims to explain how the human brain processes and organizes semantic information, and the distribution of text into semantic grids is key to SFT. We proposed the Sentence-Level Semantic Division Baseline with 100 grids (SSDB − 100), the only dataset we are currently aware of that performs a relevant validation of the sentence-level semantic folding theory algorithm, to test the validity of text distribution in semantic grids. In this article, we describe the construction of SSDB-100. Firstly, a semantic division questionnaire with broad coverage was generated by limiting the uncertainty range of the topics and the corpus. Then, through an expert survey, 11 human experts gave us feedback. Finally, we analyzed and processed the feedback, the average consistency index for the used feedback was 0.856 after eliminating the invalid feedback. With 100 semantic grids and 3215 sentences, the SSDB-100 is not only suitable for verifying semantic folding algorithms, but also for text clustering tasks.
Enhancing Depression Detection through Advanced Text Analysis: Integrating BERT, Autoencoder, and LSTM Models
Authors: Firoz Neda , Beresteneva Olga Grigorievna , Vladimirovich Aksyonov Sergey , Tahsin Mohammad Sadman 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Depression is a austere medical ailment that upsets numerous people worldwide, causing a persistent decrease in mood and significantly impacting their emotions. The article focuses on utilizing BERT techniques and Autoencoders to detect depression from text data, considering gender differences. The work stresses on feature engineering of text data provided by benchmark dataset DAIC_WOZ. We experiment with BERT embeddings that encodes the meaning of text to derive text features. They are then fused with the help of Autoencoders with other parametric features from PHQ-8 survey responses, absolutist word count and gender information. The study found that incorporating this information significantly enhances the functioning of the model. The proposed method outperformed the baseline models. We emphasize the potential of machine learning for mental health research that considers gender differences. We report 98.6% accuracy demonstrated by our method. We found the mean absolute error (MAE) as 0.19 and root mean squared error (RMSE) as 0.282 which signifies the high performance of our proposed method for binary depression classification.
Effect of various fertilizers and salicylic acid on induced resistance of citrus against Panonychus citri (McGregor) (Acari; Tetranychidae)
Authors: Mahpuya Zahra , Razmjou Jabraeil , Aqajanzadeh Siroos , Fathi Seyed Ali Asghar , Hasanpour Mahdi 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The citrus red mite, Panonychus citri (McGregor), is one of the important pests of citrus trees. The use of non-selective and broad-spectrum insecticides leads to reduce in the natural enemy pressure on this pest and transforms P. citri into the main pest. Thus, there is a great need to replace efficient and sustainable strategies of pest management that conserve natural enemies and has less risk to the environment. In the present study, the induction of resistance was carried out in two-year-old citrus seedlings using a foliar application of amino acid, humic acid, potassium, vermiwash, and Salicylic acid either individually or in combination against P. citri. Our data indicated a lower survival rate, longer immature duration, shorter adult longevity, and lower fecundity due to an increase in the resistance of citrus. In individual treatments, the developmental time of immature stages, survival, and fecundity was significantly smaller in combined treatments, intermediate in individual treatments, and greater in control and vermiwash treatments. Correspondingly, some population growth parameters of P. citri such as net reproductive rate, intrinsic rate of increase, finite rate of increase, and generation time, all were lower when the mites fed on combined treatments, especially on potassium + salicylic acid with the lowest performance. Our results suggest that the induction of resistance in citrus trees with a combination of fertilizer and SA leads to a significant reduction in damage to the citrus red mite.
Variable Chaplygin Gas: Constraints from Supernovae and Gravitational Wave Merger Events
Authors: Chraya Ashley , Muralichandran Yuvraj , SETHI GEETANJALI 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We investigate the cosmological constraints on the Variable Chaplygin gas model from the latest observational data: SCP Union 2.1 compilation dataset of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia), Pantheon sample of SNe Ia, and GWTC-3 of gravitational wave merger events. The Variable Chaplygin gas is a model of interacting dark matter and dark energy, which interpolates from a dust-dominated era to a quintessence- dominated era. The Variable Chaplygin gas model is shown to be compatible with Type Ia Supernovae and gravitational merger data. We have obtained tighter constraints on cosmological parameters Bs and n, using the Pantheon sample. By using the Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method on the Pantheon sample, we obtain Bs=0.108 ± 0.034, n=1.157 ± 0.513 and H0=70.020 ± 0.407 and on GWTC-3, we obtain Bs=0.130 ± 0.076, n=0.897 ± 1.182 and H0=69.838 ± 3.007.
Evaluation of the image contrast of 3D-time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography at 1.5 T
Authors: Hayashi Aika , Arai Nobuyuki , Muto Hiroe , Ito Masamichi , Nakaya Koji 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: In the three-dimensional time-of-flight (3D-TOF)
magnetic resonance angiography (MRA), we evaluated whether the
blood flow signal created by the prevention of saturation in blood
flow passing through the slab could be more efficiently
obtained.

Methods: Using the 3D-TOF method, we determined the effects
that changes in slab thickness and flip Angle (FA) had on blood
flow signal. Circular regions of interest were set on the basilar
artery and cerebral parenchyma and the mean signal level was
measured. The TOF contrast was calculated from the change in the
mean signal level of the measured blood vessel and cerebral
parenchyma.

Results: Using an FA of 20°, slab thicknesses of 12, 14, 16,
and 22 mm were compared, and TOF contrast was found to show
significant differences (p<0.05). With an FA of 25°, a
significant difference was found between a slab thickness of 22 mm
and all other slabs thicknesses (p<0.05). Using an FA of 30°, we
compared slab thicknesses of 20 mm or more with those of 16 mm or
less, and the TOF contrast showed significantly higher values
(p<0.05).

Conclusion: The TOF contrast increased when the FA was high,
with the results also depending on the slab thickness.
Research on the fatigue crack growth behavior of Zr/Ti/steel composite plate with a crack normal to interface
Authors: Zhou Binbin , Yuan Jie , Song Haichao , Zhou Liangfu , Chang Le , Zhou Changyu , Ye Cheng , Zhang Bojun 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Current work reveals the influence of loading parameters on the crack growth behavior of Zr/Ti/steel composite plate with a crack perpendicular to the interface by using experiment and finite element method. Finite element results reveal that loading parameters significantly affect hysteresis loop of Zr/Ti/steel composite plate, stress amplitude and the plastic strain accumulation degree of subsequent cyclic loading under different loading parameters. In addition, equivalent plastic strain at crack tip, its change rate and distribution are also explored in detail. Furthermore, it is also found that the elastic-plastic mismatch will also affect the plastic evolution, that is, strengthen or weaken the effect of loading parameters.
Effects of natural ageing on the quality of cellulose polymer and the paper properties
Authors: Alam Izhar , Kumar Anuj , Sharma Chhaya 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Paper made from cellulose fibers has a life of its own and will begin to break over time due to auto-oxidation and hydrolysis. In this study we, sought to investigate the effect of natural ageing on the properties of cellulose fibres and therefore on the strength properties of paper. It has been observed that, the content of twisted fibres about 28–41% in mechanical pulp and from 27–34% in chemical pulp, which could resulted in a decrease in the strength properties of the paper. Elongation of a mechanical pulp sheets before the break was found to be increased approximately from 1.45 to 5.72%, correspondingly the tensile energy absorption (TEA) was found to be increased from 14.5 to 58.1 J/m2. Carbonyl groups are the intermediate or end products of cellulose degradation, which indicates the ageing of a paper. More carbonyl groups are identified in the mechanical pulp sheets with respect to chemical pulp sheets. When the paper was subjected to natural ageing the pH was increased from neutral pH-7 to 9, but the effect was acknowledged lower in mechanical pulp sheets.
Mapping Awareness-Raising and Capacity-Building Materials on Developmental Disabilities for Non-Specialists: a Review of the Academic and Grey Literature
Authors: Genovesi Elisa , Yao Yuan Ishtar , Mitchell Emily , Arad Michal , Diamant Victoria , Panju Areej , Hanlon Charlotte , Tekola Bethlehem , Hoekstra Rosa Anna 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Most children with developmental disabilities (DD), such as intellectual disabilities and autism, live in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where services are usually limited. Various governmental, non-governmental and research organisations in LMICs have developed awareness-raising campaigns and training and education resources on DD in childhood relevant to LMICs. This study aimed to comprehensively search and review freely available materials in the academic and grey literature, aimed at awareness raising, training and education on DD among non-specialist professionals and community members in LMICs. We consulted 183 experts, conducted key-word searches in five academic databases, four grey-literature databases and seventeen customised Google search engines. Following initial screening we manually searched relevant systematic reviews, lists of resources and conducted forwards and backwards citation checks of included articles. We identified 7327 articles and resources after deduplication. We then used a rigorous multi-step screening process to select 78 training resources on DD relevant to LMICs, of which 43 aimed at informing and/or raising awareness DD, 16 highlighted specific strategies for staff in health settings and 19 in education settings. Our mapping analysis revealed that a wealth of materials is available for both global and local use, including comics, children’s books, flyers, posters, fact sheets, blogs, videos, websites pages, social media channels, handbooks and self-education guides, and training programmes or sessions. Twelve resources were developed for cross-continental or global use in LMICs, 19 were developed for and/or used in Africa, 23 in Asia, 24 in Latin America. Most resources were developed within the context where they were intended to be used. Identified gaps included a limited range of resources on intellectual disabilities, manuals for actively delivering training to staff in education settings and resources targeted at eastern European LMICs. Beyond identifying these gaps, the value of the review lies in the compilation of summary tables of information on all freely available resources found, to support their selection and use in wider contexts. Information on the resource content, country of original development and copyright is provided to facilitate resource sharing and uptake.
Apatinib combined with olaparib induces ferroptosis via a p53-dependent manner in ovarian cancer
Authors: Wang Yue , Gu Yupeng , Cao Jun , Jiang Kui 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Objective：PARP inhibitors combined with antiangiogenic drugs have been reported to improve outcomes in BRCA wild-type ovarian cancer patients, the mechanism of the combination is unclear. In this study, we explored the mechanism of apatinib combined with olaparib in the treatment of ovarian cancer.
Methods: In this study, human ovarian cancer cell lines A2780 and OVCAR3 were used as experimental objects, and the expression of ferroptosis related protein GPX4 after treatment with apatinib and olaparib was detected by Western blot. The SuperPred database was used to predict the target of the combined action of apatinib and olaparib, and the predicted results were verified by Western blot experiment to explore the mechanism of ferroptosis induced by apatinib and olaparib.
Results:Apatinib combined with olaparib induced ferroptosis in p53 wild-type cells, and p53 mutant cells developed drug resistance. The p53 activator RITA sensitized drug-resistant cells to ferroptosis induced by apatinib combined with olaparib. Apatinib combined with olaparib induced ferroptosis via a p53-dependent manner in ovarian cancer. Further studies showed that apatinib combined with olaparib induced ferroptosis by inhibiting the expression of Nrf2 and autophagy, thereby inhibiting the expression of GPX4. The Nrf2 activator RTA408 and the autophagy activator rapamycin rescued the combination drug-induced ferroptosis.
Conclusion:This discovery revealed the specific mechanism of ferroptosis induced by apatinib combined with olaparib in p53 wild-type ovarian cancer cells and provided a theoretical basis for the clinical combined use of apatinib and olaparib in p53 wild-type ovarian cancer patients.
Efficacy and tolerability of Sotrovimab, Molnupiravir and Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir for non-hospitalized patients at high risk for COVID-19: a retrospective, single-center analysis.
Authors: Kauer Victoria , wenisch christoph , Totschnig David , Augustin Max , Karolyi Mario , Zoufaly Alexander , Naegeli Michelle 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
The use of outpatient antiviral treatment for high-risk patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) is crucial in preventing progression to severe COVID-19 and reducing hospitalization rates.
Objective
The main goal of this retrospective, single-center analysis was to assess the feasibility and potential clinical impact of an outpatient administration of various available antiviral agents including sotrovimab (SOT), nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (N/R), molnupiravir (MOL) to COVID-19 patients at high risk for disease progression. In addition, hospital admission rates between groups. side effects and subjective treatment effects were assessed.
Methods
We conducted a retrospective analysis on 2606 outpatient individuals with mild to moderate COVID-19 at risk for disease progression, hospitalization, or death. After receiving either SOT (420/2606), MOL (1788/2606) or N/R (398/2606), patients were followed- up with regard to primary (hospitalization rate) and secondary (treatment and side effects) outcomes by phone.
Result
A total of 2606 patients were treated at the outpatient clinic, of whom 420 were treated with SOT, 398 with N/R and 1788 with MOL. 10 patients (3.2%) who were treated with SOT were later hospitalized and 1 patient had to be admitted to the ICU. In comparison, 11 patients (0.8%) who received MOL were admitted to hospital (2 admissions to the intensive care unit (ICU). No hospital/ICU admission was registered for patients who received N/R. In contrast, 46 patients (14.3%) who received N/R reported strong to severe side effects, exceeding SOT with 2.6% of the patients (8 patients in total) and MOL with 5% (69 patients) reporting strong to severe side effects. A reduction in COVID symptoms after the medication administration was experienced by 43% (132 patients) in the SOT group, 43% (572 patients) in the MOL group and 67% (115 patients) in the N/R group, respectively. In over 60-year-olds and chronic kidney disease, no subjective symptom improvement is to be expected with MOL. Women have a 1.2 elevated chance of symptom improvement with treatment with MOL.
Conclusion
Hospitalization rates in high-risk patients who received SOT, MOL or N/R were low, particularly in patients who received N/R. All antiviral drugs were well tolerated, but side effects were more frequent in patients with N/R. However, N/R showed the greatest subjective treatment effect.