bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Insights of the Ultralow Wear and Low Friction of Carbon Fiber Reinforced PTFE in Inert Trace Moisture Environment
Authors: Johansson Pontus , Elo Robin , Naeini Vahid Fadaei , Marklund Pär , Björling Marcus , Shi Yijun 
Published: August 2023

AbstractUltralow wear rates and low friction have been observed for carbon fiber reinforced PTFE (CF/PTFE) when sliding against steel or cast iron in dry gas environments. Although the strong environmental sensitivity of this tribosystem is well known, the origin of the outstanding tribological performance in dry gas remains unanswered. Some researchers attribute the low friction and wear to the formation of carbon-rich surfaces in the absence of oxygen and moisture in the environment. However, low friction between carbon surfaces is generally dependent on moisture. In this paper, extensive analyzes are conducted on the tribofilms formed on the CF/PTFE surface and the steel counterface after sliding in a high-purity nitrogen environment. TEM analysis of a cross-section of the tribofilm on the steel surface reveals that the sliding surface consists mainly of iron (II) fluoride and not carbon, even though a significant amount of carbon was observed near the surface. XPS and TEM analysis further revealed that the tribofilm formed on the worn composite surface consisted of nanoparticle agglomerates, anchored to the PTFE matrix and to each other by carbon with turbostratic structure. Turbostratic carbon also formed an ultrathin and surface-oriented superficial layer on top of the agglomerates. Governing mechanisms of the low friction and wear of the CF/PTFE—steel tribosystem were investigated by complementary tribotests with pure graphite samples and MD simulations of the identified surfaces. These indicated that the low friction between the carbon and iron fluoride in the tribofilms is due to poor adhesion between the distinctly different surfaces.
Graphical Abstract
Saccharomyces cerevisiae supplemented diets mitigate the effects of waterborne cadmium toxicity on gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.): growth performance, haemato-biochemical, stress biomarkers, and histopathological investigations
Authors: Abdel-Tawwab Mohsen , Khalil Riad H. , Younis Nehal A. , Abo Selema Talal A. M. , Saad Adel H. , El-Werwary Suzan O. M. , Gouda Ali H. , Soliman Ashraf M. , Shady Sherien H. H. , Monier Mohamed N. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractYeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, has been utilized as a probiotic in aqua-feeds to promote growth and alleviate the stress in aquatic animals. On the other hand, cadmium (Cd) toxicity causes serious retardation of growth and welfare status of aquatic animals. The present study was conducted to evaluate the protective role of dietary yeast in mitigating the waterborne Cd toxicity effects on the growth, haemato-biochemical, stress biomarkers, and histopathological investigations of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.). In a 3 × 3 factorial design, the acclimated fish (20–24 g) were randomly distributed into nine treatments in triplicates where they were fed on 0.0% (control), 0.5%, and 1.0% of yeast along with exposure to 0.0, 1.0, and 2.0 mg Cd/L for 60 days. All growth parameters and mRNA expressions of IGF-1 and GH genes as well as haematological parameters were markedly increased with the increase of dietary yeast levels; meanwhile these variables were significantly retarded with Cd exposure. Contradictory effects on the above-mentioned variables were observed with Cd toxicity. In contrast, blood cortisol, glucose, total cholesterol, and triglyceride, lactate dehydrogenase, alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, in addition to DNA fragments % were noticeably increased with Cd toxicity especially at the treatment of 2.0 mg Cd/L, while decreasing with increasing dietary yeast levels. Compared with the control fish group, Cd concentrations in the gill, liver, and muscle tissues of gilthead seabream were higher in Cd-exposed treatments, especially at the treatment of 2.0 mg Cd/L. Deposition of Cd in fish liver was higher than that in gill tissues but lowest Cd residue was observed in muscle tissues. No significant changes in Cd residues in fish organs were observed in yeast-fed fish with no Cd exposure. The Cd exposure negatively affected histological status of gill, liver, and kidney tissues of S. aurata; while feeding Cd-exposed fish on yeast diets lowered the Cd residues in fish organs and recovered the adverse effects of Cd toxicity. Hence, this study recommends the addition of bakery yeast (1.0%) to fish diets to improve the performance, overall welfare, and histopathological status of gilthead seabream, S. aurata.
Behavioral metabolomics: how behavioral data can guide metabolomics research on neuropsychiatric disorders
Authors: van de Wetering Ross , Vorster Jan A. , Geyrhofer Sophie , Harvey Joanne E. , Keyzers Robert A. , Schenk Susan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Metabolomics produces vast quantities of data but determining which metabolites are the most relevant to the disease or disorder of interest can be challenging.

Objectives
This study sought to demonstrate how behavioral models of psychiatric disorders can be combined with metabolomics research to overcome this limitation.

Methods
We designed a preclinical, untargeted metabolomics procedure, that focuses on the determination of central metabolites relevant to substance use disorders that are (a) associated with changes in behavior produced by acute drug exposure and (b) impacted by repeated drug exposure. Untargeted metabolomics analysis was carried out on liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry data obtained from 336 microdialysis samples. Samples were collected from the medial striatum of male Sprague-Dawley (N = 21) rats whilst behavioral data were simultaneously collected as part of a (±)-3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)-induced behavioral sensitization experiment. Analysis was conducted by orthogonal partial least squares, where the Y variable was the behavioral data, and the X variables were the relative concentrations of the 737 detected features.

Results
MDMA and its derivatives, serotonin, and several dopamine/norepinephrine metabolites were the greatest predictors of acute MDMA-produced behavior. Subsequent univariate analyses showed that repeated MDMA exposure produced significant changes in MDMA metabolism, which may contribute to the increased abuse liability of the drug as a function of repeated exposure.

Conclusion
These findings highlight how the inclusion of behavioral data can guide metabolomics data analysis and increase the relevance of the results to the phenotype of interest.
Development of response surface method prediction model for traffic-related roadside noise levels based on traffic characteristics
Authors: Elkafoury Ahmed , Elboshy Bahaa , Darwish Ahmed Mahmoud 
Published: August 2023

AbstractRecently, several urban areas are trying to mitigate the environmental impacts of traffic, where noise pollution is one of the main consequences. Thus, studying the determinants of traffic-related noise generation and developing a model that predicts the level of noise by controlling the influencing factors are crucial for transportation planning purposes. This research aims at utilizing the response surface method (RSM) to develop a robust statistical prediction model of traffic-related noise levels and optimize different traffic characteristics’ ranges to reduce the expected noise levels. The results indicate that the rate of Leq increase is higher at traffic flow values less than the 1204 veh/h. The interaction effect of flow-speed and flow-heavy vehicle percentage pairs shows that Leq has peak values around 45.8 km/h and 28.71%, respectively, with almost symmetric value distribution about those center points. The main effects study indicates a direct effect of traffic flow, speed, density, and traffic composition on roadside noise levels. The prediction model has good representativeness of observed noise levels by predicted noise levels as the model has a high coefficient of determination (R2 = 95.87% and R2 adj = 92.26%) with a significance level of 0.0036. Then, the research presents a methodology to perform an optimization of the roadside noise level by defining traffic characteristics that can keep the noise level below 65 dB(A) or minimize noise level. Decision-makers could use the proposed method to control the roadside noise level.
Modelling biochemical oxygen demand using improved neuro-fuzzy approach by marine predators algorithm
Authors: Adnan Rana Muhammad , Dai Hong-Liang , Kisi Ozgur , Heddam Salim , Kim Sungwon , Kulls Christoph , Zounemat-Kermani Mohammad 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBiochemical oxygen demand (BOD) is one of the most important parameters used for water quality assessment. Alternative methods are essential for accurately prediction of this parameter because the traditional method in predicting the BOD is time-consuming and it is inaccurate due to inconstancies in microbial multiplicity. In this study, the applicability of four hybrid neuro-fuzzy (ANFIS) methods, ANFIS with genetic algorithm (GA), ANFIS with particle swarm optimization (PSO), ANFIS with sine cosine algorithm (SCA), and ANFIS with marine predators algorithm (MPA), was investigated in predicting BOD using distinct input combinations such as potential of hydrogen (pH), dissolved oxygen (DO), electrical conductivity (EC), water temperature (WT), suspended solids (SS), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorus (T-P) acquired from two river stations, Gongreung and Gyeongan, South Korea. The applicability of multi-variate adaptive regression spline (MARS) in determination of the best input combination was examined. The ANFIS-MPA was found to be the best model with the lowest root mean square error and mean absolute error and the highest determination coefficient. It improved the root mean square error of ANFIS-PSO, ANFIS-GA, and ANFIS-SCA models by 13.8%, 12.1%, and 6.3% for Gongreung Station and by 33%, 25%, and 6.3% for Gyeongan Station in the test stage, respectively.
Fuel consumption rate and emissions variability in waste collection services routes: case study of Cascais Ambiente
Authors: Sousa Vitor , Drumond André , Meireles Inês 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn the design waste collection systems, it is common practice to use a constant specific fuel consumption (e.g. litres per amount of waste collected or distance travelled). This is also the approach used in many cases for fleet management, namely, for decision-making on more fuel-efficient equipment acquisition. However, the specific fuel consumption is not constant and there are spatial and temporal variations. Accounting for this variability becomes relevant if a more refined cost or environmental optimization is intended. The present research effort evaluates the energy intensity of the waste collection service in the Cascais municipality, reporting the differences and the magnitude of the variability for the mixed waste collection service. Statistically significant differences are found between the circuits, the trucks, months of the year and days of the week. It is discussed that extrapolating average fuel consumption rates for decision-making in new waste collection systems may be prone to substantial error.
Associations of plasma NfL, GFAP, and t-tau with cerebral small vessel disease and incident dementia: longitudinal data of the AGES-Reykjavik Study
Authors: van Gennip April C. E. , Satizabal Claudia L. , Tracy Russell P. , Sigurdsson Sigurdur , Gudnason Vilmundur , Launer Lenore J. , van Sloten Thomas T. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe investigated the associations of plasma neurofilament light (NfL), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and total tau (t-tau) with markers of cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) and with incident dementia. We also investigated whether associations of NfL, GFAP, and t-tau with incident dementia were explained by SVD. Data are from a random subsample (n = 1069) of the population-based AGES-Reykjavik Study who underwent brain MRI and in whom plasma NfL, GFAP, and t-tau were measured at baseline (76.1 ± 5.4 years/55.9% women/baseline 2002–2006/follow-up until 2015). A composite SVD burden score was calculated using white matter hyperintensity volume (WMHV), subcortical infarcts, cerebral microbleeds, and large perivascular spaces. Dementia was assessed in a 3-step process and adjudicated by specialists. Higher NfL was associated with a higher SVD burden score. Dementia occurred in 225 (21.0%) individuals. The SVD burden score significantly explained part of the association between NfL and incident dementia. WMHV mostly strongly contributed to the explained effect. GFAP was not associated with the SVD burden score, but was associated with WMHV, and WMHV significantly explained part of the association between GFAP and incident dementia. T-tau was associated with WMHV, but not with incident dementia. In conclusion, the marker most strongly related to SVD is plasma NfL, for which the association with WMHV appeared to explain part of its association with incident dementia. This study suggests that plasma NfL may reflect the contribution of co-morbid vascular disease to dementia. However, the magnitude of the explained effect was relatively small, and further research is required to investigate the clinical implications of this finding.
Photoemission Electron Microscopy of Blue and UV Surface Plasmons on Nanostructured Aluminum Films
Authors: Jauk Thomas , Ditlbacher Harald , Lackner Florian , Ernst Wolfgang E. , Hohenau Andreas , Krenn Joachim R. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe image surface plasmons on aluminum surfaces in the ultraviolet and blue spectral range with photoemission electron microscopy (PEEM). Plasmon excitation is mediated by light incident on straight aluminum ridges with subwavelength cross section on flat aluminum films. We observe interference patterns due to light/plasmon interaction, with distinct periodicity and orientation depending on the light in-plane incidence angle with respect to the ridge orientation. From the interference patterns, we deduce the surface plasmon propagation directions and decay lengths. The latter are remarkably high with 2.8 $$\mu$$
μ
m and 8.4 $$\mu$$
μ
m for excitation wavelengths of 273 nm and 410 nm, respectively. Our results extend PEEM imaging of surface plasmons into the ultraviolet region.
Do Sex Differences and Risk Perception Affect Cannabis Exposure? Results from a Sample of Current Cannabis Users from the European Web Survey on Drugs
Authors: Lorenzetti Valentina , McTavish Eugene , Matias João 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe rates of cannabis use have been narrowing between sexes over the past decade, and there are sex differences in the perception of cannabis use-related risks, yet it remains unexamined whether sex and risk perception interact to predict cannabis consumption levels. We aimed to examine for the first time how sex, risk perception, and their interaction affect cannabis consumption, accounting for age, alcohol use, mode of administration, education, employment status, and country via general linear mixed models. We conducted the European Web Survey on Drugs in 16 countries from 2016 to 2018. People who used cannabis at the time of the study included 6500 males and 2921 females, with a median age of 22 years. There was no risk perception-by-sex interaction effect on cannabis consumption. Greater past-month cannabis dosage in grams and frequency (days used/past month) were reported by males and by persons who reported having a perception of no risk and of a slight risk versus a moderate-to-high-risk perception. The findings may inform discussions on public health messaging aimed at alleviating cannabis-related harms in males and females who use cannabis.
A discriminative information-theoretical analysis of the regularity gradient in inflectional morphology
Authors: Marzi Claudia , Pirrelli Vito 
Published: August 2023

AbstractOver the last decades, several independent lines of research in morphology have questioned the hypothesis of a direct correspondence between sublexical units and their mental correlates.Word and paradigmmodels of morphology shifted the fundamental part-whole relation in an inflection system onto the relation between individual inflected word forms and inflectional paradigms. In turn, the use of artificial neural networks of densely interconnected parallel processing nodes for morphology learning marked a radical departure from a morpheme-based view of the mental lexicon. Lately, in computational models of Discriminative Learning, a network architecture has been combined with an uncertainty reducing mechanism that dispenses with the need for a one-to-one association between formal contrasts and meanings, leading to the dissolution of a discrete notion of the morpheme.The paper capitalises on these converging lines of development to offer a unifying information-theoretical, simulation-based analysis of the costs incurred in processing (ir)regularly inflected forms belonging to the verb systems of English, German, French, Spanish and Italian. Using Temporal Self-Organising Maps as a computational model of lexical storage and access, we show that a discriminative, recurrent neural network, based on Rescorla-Wagner’s equations, can replicate speakers’ exquisite sensitivity to widespread effects of word frequency, paradigm entropy and morphological (ir)regularity in lexical processing. The evidence suggests an explanatory hypothesis linking Word and paradigm morphology with principles of information theory and human perception of morphological structure. According to this hypothesis, the ways more or less regularly inflected words are structured in the mental lexicon are more related to a reduction in processing uncertainty and maximisation of predictive efficiency than to economy of storage.
Efficacy and safety of vacuum-assisted excision (VAE) of fibroadenomas: experience in a tertiary centre
Authors: Carriero Serena , Depretto Catherine , Cozzi Andrea , Della Pepa Gianmarco , D’Ascoli Elisa , Irmici Giovanni , Tamburrano Chiara , Ballerini Daniela , Bonanomi Alice , Scaperrotta Gianfranco Paride 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate the technical success and efficacy rates of US-guided percutaneous vacuum-assisted excision (VAE) of breast fibroadenomas, also assessing procedural complications and long-term patient satisfaction rates.

Materials and methods
The institutional database of a tertiary breast cancer referral centre was retrospectively reviewed to retrieve all women with fibroadenomas who underwent US-guided VAE between May 2011 and September 2019. We subsequently included in this study all fibroadenomas with a maximum diameter of 3 cm at US and an available histological confirmation obtained by core-needle biopsy before VAE. Immediately after VAE, technical success (defined as the correct VAE execution) and the occurrence of procedural complications were evaluated. Imaging follow-up (US ± mammography) after 6, 12, 24 and 36 months was performed to evaluate technical efficacy (defined as the absence of fibroadenoma recurrence at 6-month follow-up). Long-term patient satisfaction was evaluated with telephonic interviews in October 2022.

Results
We retrospectively included 108 women (median age 46 years) with 110 fibroadenomas diagnosed at core-needle biopsy with a median lesion size at US of 12 mm. Technical success was obtained in 110/110 VAEs (100%). Minor procedural complications (haematomas) occurred in 7/110 VAEs (6%), whereas 8/110 patients had a fibroadenoma recurrence at 6-month follow-up, resulting in a 93% technical efficacy (102/110 VAEs). All patients available for telephonic follow-up (104/104, 100%) reported high satisfaction with VAE results.

Conclusion
US-guided VAE is a safe and effective procedure for the excision of fibroadenomas, representing a viable alternative to surgery, with a low complication rate and high patient satisfaction.
Improving instrument detection for a robotic scrub nurse using multi-view voting
Authors: Badilla-Solórzano Jorge , Ihler Sontje , Gellrich Nils-Claudius , Spalthoff Simon 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
A basic task of a robotic scrub nurse is surgical instrument detection. Deep learning techniques could potentially address this task; nevertheless, their performance is subject to some degree of error, which could render them unsuitable for real-world applications. In this work, we aim to demonstrate how the combination of a trained instrument detector with an instance-based voting scheme that considers several frames and viewpoints is enough to guarantee a strong improvement in the instrument detection task.

Methods
We exploit the typical setup of a robotic scrub nurse to collect RGB data and point clouds from different viewpoints. Using trained Mask R-CNN models, we obtain predictions from each view. We propose a multi-view voting scheme based on predicted instances that combines the gathered data and predictions to produce a reliable map of the location of the instruments in the scene.

Results
Our approach reduces the number of errors by more than 82% compared with the single-view case. On average, the data from five viewpoints are sufficient to infer the correct instrument arrangement with our best model.

Conclusion
Our approach can drastically improve an instrument detector’s performance. Our method is practical and can be applied during an actual medical procedure without negatively affecting the surgical workflow. Our implementation and data are made available for the scientific community (https://github.com/Jorebs/Multi-view-Voting-Scheme).
Topological Regularity for Solutions to the Generalised Hopf Equation
Authors: Martin Gaven , Yao Cong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe generalised Hopf equation is the first order nonlinear equation defined on a planar domain$$\Omega \subset {\mathbb {C}}$$Ω⊂C, with data$$\Phi $$Φa holomorphic function and$$\eta \ge 1$$η≥1a positive weight on$$\Omega $$Ω,$$\begin{aligned} h_w\,\overline{h_{\overline{w}}}\,\eta (w) = \Phi . \end{aligned}$$hwhw¯¯η(w)=Φ.The Hopf equation is the special case$$\eta (w)={\tilde{\eta }}(h(w))$$η(w)=η~(h(w))and reflects thathis harmonic with respect to the conformal metric$$\sqrt{{\tilde{\eta }}(z)}|dz|$$η~(z)|dz|, usually$$\eta $$ηis the hyperbolic metric. This article obtains conditions on the data to ensure that a solution is open and discrete. We also prove a strong uniqueness result.