bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterisation of chaos in meteoroid streams
Authors: Courtot Ariane , Vaubaillon Jérémie , Fouchard Marc 
Published: April 2023

Context. Dynamically linking a meteor shower with its parent body can be challenging. This is in part due to the limits of the tools available today (such as D-criteria) but is also due to the complex dynamics of meteoroid streams.
Aims. We choose a method to study chaos in meteoroid streams and apply it to the Geminid meteoroid stream.
Methods. We decided to draw chaos maps. Amongst the chaos indicators we studied, we show that the orthogonal fast Lyapunov indicator is particularly well suited to our problem. The maps are drawn for three bin sizes, ranging from 10−1 to 10−4 m.
Results. We show the influence of mean-motion resonances with the Earth and with Venus, which tend to trap the largest particles. The chaos maps present three distinct regimes in eccentricity, reflecting close encounters with the planets. We also study the effect of non-gravitational forces. We determine a first approximation of the particle size rlim needed to counterbalance the resonances with the diffusion due to the non-gravitational forces. We find that, for the Geminids, rlim lies in the range [3; 8] × 10−4 m. However, rlim depends on the orbital phase space.
Power-2 limb-darkening coefficients for the uvby, UBVRIJHK, SDSS ugriz, Gaia, Kepler, TESS, and CHEOPS photometric systems
Authors: Claret A. , Southworth J. 
Published: April 2023

Context. The phenomenon of limb-darkening is relevant to many topics in astrophysics, including the analysis of light curves of eclipsing binaries, optical interferometry, measurement of stellar diameters, line profiles of rotating stars, gravitational microlensing, and transits of extrasolar planets
Aims. Multiple parametric limb-darkening laws have been presented, and there are many available sources of theoretical limb-darkening coefficients (LDCs) calculated using stellar model atmospheres. The power-2 limb-darkening law allows a very good representation of theoretically predicted intensity profiles, but few LDCs are available for this law from spherically symmetric model atmospheres. We therefore present such coefficients in this work.
Methods. We computed LDCs for the space missions Gαiα, Kepler, TESS, and CHEOPS and for the passbands uυby, UBVRIJHK, and SDSS ugriz, using the PHOENIX-COND spherical models. We adopted two methods to characterise the truncation point, which sets the limb of the star: the first (M1) uses the point where the derivative dI(r)/dr is at its maximum – where I(r) is the specific intensity as a function of the normalised radius r – corresponding to µcri, and the second (M2) uses the midpoint between the point µcri and the point located at µcri–1. The LDCs were computed adopting the Levenberg–Marquardt least-squares minimisation method, with a resolution of 900 equally spaced µ points, and covering 823 model atmospheres for a solar metallicity, effective temperatures of 2300–12000 K, log g values from 0.0 to 6.0, and microturbulent velocities of 2 km s−1. As our previous calculations of LDCs using spherical models included only 100 µ points, we also updated the calculations for the four-parameter law for the passbands listed above, and compared them with those from the power-2 law.
Results. Comparisons between the quality of the fits provided by the power-2 and four-parameter laws show that the latter presents a lower merit function, χ2, than the former for both cases (M1 and M2). This is important when choosing the best approach for a particular science goal.
BRAF Landscape and Its Implications among Patients with Pediatric Low-Grade Gliomas: A Comprehensive Review of the Literature
Authors: Fouda Mohammed A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractLow-grade gliomas are the most common intracranial tumor in the pediatric population. Pediatric low-grade gliomas represent a heterogeneous group of tumors. Genetic alterations that result in upregulation of the MAPK/ERK pathway represent most of the genetic landscape of pediatric low-grade gliomas. BRAF-V600E mutant pediatric low-grade gliomas may represent a unique and aggressive subset of tumors that require targeted therapy especially if gross total resection is not feasible. Many patients with pediatric low-grade gliomas have demonstrated successful clinical and radiological responses to BRAF and/or MEK inhibitors. Given the high proportion of patients who fail to respond to the current standard chemotherapy and radiotherapy, these targeted therapies should be considered in future trials and further investigations. In this review of the literature, we summarize the molecular status of BRAF alterations among patients with pediatric low-grade gliomas and provide an update on previous and current BRAF and MEK inhibitors clinical trials.
Partial Scapholunate Interosseous Ligament Injuries: A Systematic Review of Treatment Options
Authors: Lameire Darius Luke , Khalik Hassaan Abdel , Paul Ryan Augustine , von Schroeder Herbert P. , Chan Andrea H. W. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose This systematic review summarizes the existing evidence on treatment options and outcomes for partial scapholunate interosseous ligament (pSLIL) injuries.
Methods A systematic electronic search of Medline, Embase, and CINAHL was performed from inception through to February 13, 2022. All primary research articles addressing the treatment of pSLIL tears were eligible for inclusion regardless of timing of surgery, surgical technique, or rehabilitation. The PRISMA Checklist guided the reporting and data abstraction. Descriptive statistics and forest plots are presented.
Results A total of 14 studies with 342 patients were included for analysis. Treatments were categorized into four groups: electrothermal shrinkage (ES), arthroscopic capsuloplasty (AC), open capsulodesis (OC), and no treatment (NT). There were five studies in the ES group (N = 69, mean age = 34.3 ± 3.3 years), three studies in the AC group (N = 138, mean age = 32.2 ± 3.8 years), five studies in the OC group (N = 123, mean age of 30.7 ± 7.8 years), and one study in the NT group (N = 12, mean age = 43 years, range = 28–67 years). The average postintervention visual analog scale pain score for the ES group was 1.4 ± 0.5 (from 5.7 ± 1.8), for the AC group was 3.2 ± 1.3 (from 6.6 ± 0), for the OC group was 2.3 ± 2.1 (from 5.6 ± 1.6), and for the NT group was 3.2 (from 7.6). The wrist extension range of motion improved postoperatively for all intervention groups (ES = 66.3°–70.7°; AC = 67°–74.5°; and OC = 48.9°–63.5°), whereas it remained unchanged for the NT group (46°–45°). Grip strength also improved in all intervention groups (ES = 17.9–29.9 kg; AC = 24.0–32.2 kg; and OC = 15.8–26.6 kg), while the NT group remained unchanged (25–24 kg). The radiographic scapholunate gap improved postoperatively in all groups that reported pre- and postintervention (ES = 2.2–1.9 mm; OC = 2.5–1.8 mm) and slightly worsened in the NT group (2.5–2.7 mm). In the ES group, there were three complications (11.5%, no major complications), in the AC group there was one major complication (0.9%, complex regional pain syndrome [CRPS]), and in the OC group there were six complications (15.4%, four major complications—CRPS).
Conclusion All interventional treatment options (ES, AC, and OC) provided significant improvements in patient-reported pain, range of motion, grip strength, and radiographic parameters, with low complication rates. In comparison, no improvement in range of motion or grip strength was noted in the NT group. Therefore, surgical management of pSLIL injuries is an effective and relatively safe treatment option. Further studies comparing the outcomes of specific surgical treatments are warranted to further elucidate the optimal management option for pSLIL tears.
Level of Evidence Level III, systematic review of Level III–IV studies.
Factors Associated with Failure of Stepping-Down Treatment in Pediatric Asthma
Authors: Krobtrakulchai Wijittra 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background The international and Thai asthma guidelines recommend stepping-down controller treatment in patients whose asthma symptoms have been controlled and maintained for 3 months or longer. After stepping-down treatment, some patients experienced exacerbations and required emergency care. There is limited understanding of stepping-down treatment for asthmatic children. The goal of this study was to determine the failure rate and associated factors after stepping-down treatment in pediatric asthma.
Methods A retrospective study of electronic medical records of asthmatic patients aged between 3 and 15 years with controlled symptoms and indications for stepping-down treatment was conducted at Maharat Nakhon Ratchasima Hospital, a tertiary care center in Northeast Thailand, between January 2015 and December 2019.
Results Of the 110 asthmatic patients with well-controlled asthma who received stepping-down treatment, 90 patients were followed over 12 months. Failure of treatment within 12 months of follow-up was 37.8% (34 of 90). Patients who failed to stepping-down treatment had asthma onset at a younger age (p = 0.026) and less than 9 months duration of asthma stability before stepping-down (p = 0.049). In multivariate analysis, the factor associated with failed stepping-down treatment was the length of asthma stability of fewer than 9 months with an odds ratio of 4.8 (95% confidence interval: 1.02–22.47).
Conclusion Stepping-down treatment in well-controlled pediatric asthma resulted in a high failure rate. The author suggests initiating stepping-down treatment in patients whose duration of asthma stability is greater than 9 months may improve the rate of success.
Autosomal Recessively Inherited Glucose Transporter-1 Deficiency Syndrome with Acanthocytosis: A Case Report
Authors: Wanigasinghe Jithangi , Jayasundara Kasun , Jasinghe Eresha 
Published: April 2023

AbstractGlucose transporter-1 deficiency syndrome (GLUT-1DS) is a rare, autosomal dominantly inherited disorder due to a heterozygous mutation in the gene solute channel 2A1 (SLC2A1).This gene encodes the glucose transporter protein-1. Autosomal recessive inheritance is extremely rare. Similarly, only very few reports are found in the literature of hematological manifestations in this syndrome. We report an autosomal recessively inherited GLUT-1DS, due to a de novo mutation, with the classical infantile presentation associated with concomitant acanthocytosis. In this case report, the second child born to consanguineous parents with initial refractory neonatal seizures and subsequent poorly controlled epilepsy and developmental regression is discussed. The most notable investigation findings supportive of his underlying diagnosis were very low cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) glucose and CSF lactate levels. His CSF:plasma glucose ratio was 1:7.6. He was anemic with a hemoglobin of 8.8 g/dL with his blood film showing marked acanthocytosis. His elder brother who also had refractory epilepsy and developmental regression had similar hypoglycorrhachia, low CSF:plasma glucose ratio, and mild anemia with acanthocytosis, and he died before establishment of a diagnosis. Our patient was diagnosed to have a novel mutation SLC2A1 c.184A > G p.(Thr62Ala), for which both parents were heterozygous, confirming autosomal recessive inheritance. Commencement of a ketogenic diet resulted in improvement of his seizures and slow gain in development. It also resulted in gradual disappearance of acanthocytes from his peripheral blood. This case describes a rare case of classical GLUT-1DS, autosomal recessively inherited, due to a novel mutation. The acanthocytosis in his blood smear is another rare association minimally reported in GLUT-1DS. The cause of his abnormal red blood cell morphology is unclear. It is possibly related to cation leakage reported in some rare mutations of the SLC2A1 gene needs reference.
Efficacy of Cannabidiol in Pediatric Patients: Postmarket Experience at a Single Center
Authors: Hovey Sara W. , Jacobson Jessica L. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this research was to determine the postmarket efficacy and safety of cannabidiol in pediatric patients with Lennox–Gastaut's syndrome (LGS), Dravet's syndrome (DS), and other drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE). This was a single-center, retrospective cohort study in pediatric patients who received prescription cannabidiol at a single center. The primary outcome was the reduction in seizure frequency of all seizure types as measured by the Engel outcome scale at 3 months after initiation of cannabidiol. Thirty-six patients were included. The most common outcome in all three groups was an Engel Class III outcome 3 months following initiation of cannabidiol. Most patients in all groups experienced some clinical benefit and only 33% of patients experienced no clinical benefit. The maximum tolerated dose of cannabidiol at 3 months ranged from 5 to 31 mg/kg/d with a median of 17.9, 13.2, and 18.0 mg/kg/d in the LGS, DS, and DRE (other) groups, respectively. Eight patients discontinued cannabidiol at 3 months and only two patients were hospitalized after initiation of therapy. Seventy-five percent of patients did not report any adverse side effects. Based on the Engel outcome scale utilized within this study, pediatric patients with LGS, DS, and DRE (other) may experience a worthwhile improvement in seizure frequency while on cannabidiol. Further studies are needed to determine the long-term efficacy and safety of cannabidiol and discern predictors of response to therapy.
47.1.2.3.3 Asymmetric π-Allyl Substitution Reactions
Authors: Jiang R. , Yang P. , You S.-L. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAsymmetric allylic substitution reactions catalyzed by transition-metal complexes, namely, the Tsuji–Trost-type reaction, can be used for constructing stereochemically defined carbon–carbon and carbon–heteroatom bonds. In this review, asymmetric allylic substitution reactions catalyzed by different transition-metal complexes, including those based on palladium, iridium, rhodium, and earth-abundant metals, are discussed. These reactions are categorized by the type of nucleophiles or transition-metal catalysts employed.
47.1.5.2.3 Synthesis of Alkenes via Hydrogenation of Alkynes and Allenes
Authors: Liu X. , Liu B. , Liu Q. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis review is an update to the earlier Science of Synthesis contribution describing methods for the synthesis of alkenes by (transfer) hydrogenation of alkynes and allenes, with a focus on catalytic methods reported since 2010. Representative methodologies for the selective preparation of terminal alkenes and Z- or E-alkenes are summarized, with the discussion divided into methods based on heterogeneous or homogeneous catalysis; these sections are then subdivided into hydrogenation or transfer-hydrogenation processes.
47.1.5.7 Synthesis of Alkenes via Radical Addition Reactions
Authors: Chen P. , Liu G. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe functionalization of alkynes and allenes involving radical processes is an efficient strategy for the synthesis of functionalized alkenes, and has experienced rapid growth over the past ten years with the development of photocatalysis and transition-metal catalysis. This review focuses on alkene synthesis initiated by radical addition to alkynes or allenes, with a particular focus on intermolecular reactions. Various radical species, including those based on carbon or heteroatoms (Si, Ge, S, B, etc.), can successfully add to alkynes and allenes to generate vinyl radicals or allyl radicals; these can react further via an assortment of processes, such as traditional radical atom transfer, oxidation to cationic species, or trapping by metal catalysts, to give functionalized alkenes.
Factors affecting bait uptake by the grey squirrel (Sciurus carolinensis) and the future delivery of oral contraceptives
Authors: Beatham Sarah E. , Coats Julia , Stephens Philip A. , Massei Giovanna 
Published: April 2023

Context Invasive species negatively affect natural communities and human activities. The grey squirrel is an invasive species in the UK, causing damage to forestry and the decline of the native red squirrel. Oral contraceptives have the potential to reduce numbers of grey squirrels; however, to be effective a sufficient proportion of a population must consume a bait containing contraceptives. Aims The objective of this study was to estimate the efficacy of delivering baits via feeders to grey squirrels and to determine the factors most important to bait uptake. Methods Bait uptake was measured using the bait marker Rhodamine B mixed with 100% hazelnut butter and delivered to grey squirrels via purpose-designed feeders. Different concentrations of Rhodamine B were first trialled on captive grey squirrels for their palatability and detectability in the hair. Bait-uptake field trials were then conducted in 10 UK woodlands by using the preferred concentration. Key results In captive trials, it was found that a concentration of 0.18% Rhodamine B mixed in hazelnut butter was palatable to grey squirrels and that individuals needed to consume only small amounts (<5 g) for it to be detected in the flank hair by using an ultraviolet microscope. It was possible to deliver bait to the majority of grey squirrels in 6 of 10 woods within 4 days. Season, feeder density and squirrel density were important factors affecting bait uptake, with more squirrels consuming bait in summer than in winter and from three feeders per hectare rather than from one per hectare. Conclusions This study demonstrated that baits delivered via feeders can target the majority of grey squirrels in woodland environments. Implications Oral contraceptives could offer a cost-effective tool to reduce numbers of grey squirrels across the UK landscape and mitigate the negative impacts they have on native wildlife and tree health.
Scalar leptoquark and vector-like quark extended models as the explanation of the muon g–2 anomaly: bottom partner chiral enhancement case*
Authors: He Shi-Ping 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Leptoquark (LQ) models are well motivated solutions to the

anomaly. In the minimal LQ models, only specific representations can lead to chiral enhancements. For the scalar LQs,

and

can lead to the top quark chiral enhancement. For the vector LQs,

and

can lead to the bottom quark chiral enhancement. When we consider the LQ and vector-like quark (VLQ) simultaneously, there can be more scenarios. In our previous study, we considered the scalar LQ and VLQ extended models with up-type quark chiral enhancement. Here, we study the scalar LQ and VLQ extended models with down-type quark chiral enhancement. We find two new models with B quark chiral enhancements, which originate from the bottom and bottom partner mixing. Then, we propose new LQ and VLQ search channels under the constraints of

.
On the partition function of the Sp(2n) integrable vertex model
Authors: Ribeiro G A P 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We study the partition function per site of the integrable

S
p
(
2
n
)

vertex model on the square lattice. We establish a set of transfer matrix fusion relations for this model. The solution of these functional relations in the thermodynamic limit allows us to compute the partition function per site of the fundamental

S
p
(
2
n
)

representation of the vertex model. In addition, we also obtain the partition function of vertex models mixing the fundamental with other representations.
Multicarrier M-ary Permuted Quasi-Orthogonal Chaotic Vector Shift Keying with Index Modulation
Authors: Bavatharani G , Laxmikandan T , Manimekalai T 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
A novel multicarrier system based on chaotic sequences with permutation and index modulation to improve spectral efficiency is presented in this paper. In this design, the quasi-orthogonality property of the permuted versions of chaotic sequences is used for getting multiple reference signals, thereby reducing by the transmission overhead of reference chaotic signals over additional subcarriers. This helps in improving the spectral efficiency of the proposed system. Also, index modulation is applied to the permuted chaotic signals in all subcarriers to provide better efficiency in terms of spectrum utilization as well as energy consumption. Hence, the information bits are conveyed by both M-ary modulation symbols and the indices of the selected permutated signals. In addition, the analytical expressions for bit error rate (BER) of the proposed system over additive white gaussian noise (AWGN) is derived and simulation results are used to validate the analytical values. The performance of the proposed system is compared with the multicarrier chaotic system available in the literature, thereby proving that the proposed system outperforms the existing system with improved spectral efficiency and energy efficiency and also provides improvement in BER performance of about 2dB over AWGN channel with hardware complexity trade-off.
Improve Throughput and spectrum efficiency using Cell – Free MIMO-NOMA network with user–centric clustering
Authors: Ravi M , Bulo Yaka 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In this article, the user resource allocation and user scheduling in a cell-free user-centric clustering network and coherent transmissions is investigated. However, the setup of the user-centric clustering is not sufficient for multi-user transmissions, and user scheduling becomes difficult. To overcome the aforementioned problem and to provide user fairness, an optimum resource allocation algorithm with perfect user scheduling, beam forming, and radio frequency transmitter (RFT) clustering is proposed. Thereby, the cell edge user achieves the optimum throughput and spectrum efficiency. The simulation result shows that the proposed method outperforms the conventional method. In addition, the pilot-reusing factor is used to obtain loss due to imperfect channel state information and pilot train overhead.
Numerical Investigation on the Temperature dependent Impedance Characteristics of Far-Infrared Quantum Cascade Lasers
Authors: Ashok P , Madhan M Ganesh , Gopinath S , Premila T R , Janaki N 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Quantum Cascade Lasers (QCLs) as Terahertz (THz) frequency sources offer a potentially viable solution for new applications in mid and far-infrared frequency bands. This research work exhaustively investigates the temperature dependence on the impedance of temperature dependent Quantum Cascade Lasers (QCLs) operating at 116μm, for the first time. In the 90-stage QCL considered for the work, the cold finger temperature is varied from 15K to 45K. When the device is biased at 0.6A current along with a cold finger temperature of 45K, the magnitude of intrinsic impedance was found to be 23.91mΩ, at a frequency of 4GHz. As the cold finger temperature is increased from 15K to 45K, the impedance response of the device becomes flat and stays constant. At 45K with an injected current of 1.5A, maximum impedance of 3.1mΩ is obtained. The resonant frequency characteristics of the device increase with increase in injected current and cold finger temperature. Also, it is observed that the magnitude of intrinsic impedance decreases with increase in injected current. The impact of cold finger temperature on the intrinsic impedance characteristics are detailed for prospective Radio over Fiber (RoF) applications.