bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Methane Emissions Quantification and Resulting Methane Emissions Reduction in the Permian Basin Enabled by Automated Unmanned Systems
Authors: Churchill Jason , Wise Brenda , Cooper Iain , Smith Brendan 
Published: April 2023

Summary
Traditional methods for monitoring emissions from production operations have typically used optical gas imaging cameras or Method 21 systems, based on an intermittent basis to determine and document methane gas leaks, which are then subsequently identified for repair under the US Code of Federal Regulations (2017). These optical gas imaging emissions monitoring surveys can have a subjective bias, are highly conditional on the skill of the camera operator, and are an inexact method of measuring the quantity of the leak rate. With a renewed industry emphasis on methane emissions measurement and reduction, this paper describes a case study using a high-sensitivity sensor technology (laser absorption spectrometry) specifically targeting methane emissions, the unique capabilities engendered by its deployment on unmanned aerial systems (UAS), the leveraging of automation in field-operation and data analysis, and the system’s successful utilizationin enabling emissions limitations over several production sites in the Permian Basin.
The use of automation enabled categorization of the leak type and intensity, and triage according to leak rate, facilitating prompt remedial action and directly limiting emissions. By automating the comprehensive flight paths specific to equipment groups (e.g., compressors, tanks, and flares), targeted repeat surveys confirmed that specific leaks were fixed, emphasizing a general downward trend in overall site- and asset-level emissions. These surveys were completed in 22.5 minutes, on average, at each of the five sites. Additionally, the use of high-resolution UAS-generated orthomosaic maps enabled the direct placement of emissions data into the context of the operations at the time of the survey, facilitating the generation of automated actionable reports, helping direct repair teams, and resulting in effective and necessary fixes. Furthermore, the campaign validated that following the set up of the initial survey, subsequent regular, repeat surveys could be commissioned at the “push of a button,” yielding reliable, actionable emissions data, with a direct impact on both environmental (6% reduction in emissions) and financial impact.
Prioritizing of The Internet of Manufacturing Things (IoMT) Challenges in Automotive Industry by using Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM)
Authors: Parkouhi Sahar Valipour , Ghadikolaei Abdul Hamid Safaei , Lajimi Hamidreza Fallah 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Smart manufacturing can be referred as an important consequence of Fourth Industrial Revolution. With the advent of this revolution, manufacturing companies must use numerous new technologies to become smart. According to these new technologies, companies face multifaceted challenges. The Internet of Things (IoT) technology is one of the achievements of Industry 4.0, which plays an important role in the implementation of smart manufacturing. IoT using in smart manufacturing is called Internet of Manufacturing Things (IoMT Like other technologies, IoMT has its own challenges. Therefore, manufacturing organizations must be able to identify these challenges and concentrate on them based on their priority. In this study, by reviewing the literature, the challenges of using the Internet of Things in smart manufacturing were identified. Then Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) technique was used to prioritize challenges in the automotive industry. Based on the research findings, the challenges were classified into three levels. This leveling provides a suitable model for automotive industry managers to be able to prioritize their strategies and actions accordingly.
"Siilo" – A New Instant Messaging Application for Medical Professionals and a Novel Platform for Medical Education
Authors: Shahar Tali , Tadmor Offer , Dior Uri , Porat Shai , Safrai Myriam , Kabiri Doron 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: The use of instant mobile messaging applications has rapidly grown in recent decades. WhatsApp is the most common of these, but it has several limitations for use in medical settings when it comes to medical data confidentiality and security, and convenience of use. In this paper we introduce "Siilo" – a new mobile phone application specifically designed for medical professionals – as an alternative messaging application, addressing its advantages for use in the medical field. Particularly, we intend to present its potential use for medical education which we discovered during the COVID-19 pandemic when the need for virtual teaching platforms has risen, and considering studies that have shown improvement in student satisfaction and achievement in educational programs that included the use of instant mobile messaging applications.
Methods: During the pandemic, we evaluated possible uses of this application in the teaching and assessment of medical students during their clinical studies, and here we present a case-based learning program that was applied among fifth-year medical students in their rotation in the Obstetrics and Gynecology ward.
Results: We demonstrated that with the utilization of "Siilo", the program improved students’ satisfaction and learning experience.
Conclusion: "Siilo" is an effective educational tool we recommend to integrate with medical studies worldwide.
Halogenation of IAA by touch stimulus for rapid and differential growths of the Madeira vine
Authors: Li Wen-Hsien , Ma Ma-Hsuan , Batsaikhan Erdembayalag , Wu Chun-Ming , Luo Chih-I , Chen Ni-Jhen , Chung Jeng-Der , Chien Ching-Te , Tsai Yu-Han 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background The thigmotropic response triggers two actions of faster growth and differential growth. Madeira vine (MV) grows 30 times faster after encountering a support. The question as to “how the vine can provide sufficient amounts of active auxin and effectively transport it into the cells for fast growth in such a short time” has not yet been answered.Results In vivo x-ray diffraction made on live MV stems revel the appearance of crystallized IAA (C10H9NO2), 4-Cl-IAA (C10H8ClNO2) and 6-Cl-IAA (C10H8ClNO2) in the stems. Small angle neutron scattering spectra of the IAA extracted from MVs stem reveal a progressive increase in the size of crystallized IAA transported downward from the apex of the shoots. High resolution X-ray diffractions made on the extracted IAA reveal significantly larger amounts of 4-Cl-IAA and 6-Cl-IAA in the climbing MVs than in the swaying around MVs. The gas chromatography-mass spectrometry spectra reveal the production of 9% more IAA and 90% more 4-Cl-IAA + 6-Cl-IAA at the apexes of climbing MVs than swaying MVs. More 4-Cl-IAA + 6-Cl-IAA were transported to the contact-free side than to the contact side of the vine. In vivo neutron tomography of naturally climbing MVs reveals a substantially higher H+ concentration in the contact-free parts than in the contact parts.Conclusions Enhanced expressions of auxin 4-Cl-IAA (C10H8ClNO2) and 6-Cl-IAA (C10H8ClNO2) through halogenation of IAA (C10H9NO2) triggered by the physical touch, rather than accumulation of auxin IAA, are the main sources to drive faster growth of Madeira vine. The IAA, 4-Cl-IAA and 6-Cl-IAA molecules produced in apex link into crystallized form, rather than stay in the molecular form, upon transporting downward to the stem.
Comparison of skin dose in IMRT and VMAT with TrueBeam and Halcyon linear accelerator for whole breast irradiation
Authors: Seok JaeHyun , Ahn Sohyun , Ahn Woo Sang , Choi Dong Hyeok , Shin Seong Soo , Choi Wonsik , Jung In-hye , Lee Rena , Kim Jin Sung 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose: With the increasing use of flattening filter free (FFF) beams, it is important to evaluate impact on the skin dose and target coverage of breast cancer treatments. This study aimed to compare skin doses of treatments using FFF and flattening filter (FF) beams for breast cancer.Materials and methods: The study established treatment plans for left breast of an anthropomorphic phantom using Halcyon’s 6-MV FFF beam and TrueBeam’s 6-MV FF beam. Volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) with varying numbers of arcs and intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) were employed, and skin doses were measured at five points using Gafchromic EBT3 film. Each measurement was repeated three times, and averaged to reduce uncertainty. All plans were compared in terms of plan quality to ensure homogeneous target coverage.Results: The study found that when using VMAT with two, four, and six arcs, in-field doses were 19%, 15%, and 6% higher, respectively, when using Halcyon compared to TrueBeam. Additionally, when using two arcs for VMAT, in-field doses were 10% and 15% higher compared to four and six arcs when using Halcyon. Finally, in-field dose from Halcyon using IMRT was about 1% higher than when using TrueBeam.Conclusion: Our research confirmed that when treating breast cancer with FFF beams, skin dose is higher than with traditional FF beams. Moreover, number of arcs used in VMAT treatment with FFF beams affects skin dose of the patient. To maintain a skin dose similar to that of FF beams when using Halcyon, it may be worth considering increasing the number of arcs.
Maternal and perinatal health disparities among Middle Eastern and North African women and children in the United States
Authors: Kindratt Tiffany B , Brown Kyrah K , Dallo Florence J 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Introduction: Few studies have evaluated the health of Middle Eastern and North African (MENA) women and children in the United States. Objectives were to determine the odds of well-visits, preventive behaviors during pregnancy, and low birthweight among foreign-born non-Hispanic MENA women and children compared to their US- and foreign-born non-Hispanic White counterparts after adjusting for covariates (hereafter, reported as MENA and White).
Methods: We analyzed 2000-2018 National Health Interview Survey data (411,709 women, 311,961 children). Outcomes included well-woman visits (past 12 months); dentist visits (past 6 months) and current smoking among pregnant women; and low, moderately low, and very low birthweight among children. Covariates included age, family income, and health insurance for children. Education and marital status were also evaluated among women.
Results: Over half (53.4%) of foreign-born MENA women were of childbearing age (ages 18-45) compared to 47.7% US-born and 43.2% foreign-born White women. The odds of completing a well-women visit were 0.73 times lower (95% CI=0.38-0.89) among foreign-born MENA women compared to US-born White women after adjusting for age, education, and marital status. There was no statistically significant difference in dental visits between groups. No foreign-born MENA pregnant women reported current smoking. Foreign-born MENA children had higher odds of low (OR=1.65; 95% CI=1.16-2.35) and moderately low birthweight (OR=1.78; 95% CI=1.19-2.66) compared to US-born White children in adjusted models.
Discussion: MENA women and children are classified as White by the federal government. Our results highlight that the health of foreign-born MENA women and children differ from their White counterparts.
Bovine brucellosis, associated risk factors and preventive measures in industrial cattle farms
Authors: Izadi Shahrokh , Barati-Beni Zahra , Feizi Awat , Moghaddas Vahid , Bahreinipour Akram 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background As a zoonosis, the best way to control brucellosis in humans is to control it in domestic animals. The main purpose of this study was to determine the risk factors associated with the spread of brucellosis in industrial cattle farms, in the Isfahan province of Iran.Methods A case-control study, consisting of 32 cattle farms with a history of brucellosis in the past 12 months (as case farms), were compared with 38 cattle farms without any history of brucellosis during the same time period (as control farms), in terms of compliance with hygiene and health regulations of cattle breeding.Results Analysis of the findings of the study using multivariable logistic regression, revealed that measures such as washing of the milking equipment with chlorine and water solution (OR = 0.25; 95% CI: 0.06–0.99), daily washing of the drinking troughs (OR = 0.20; 95% CI: 0.04–0.89), crowding density of cows (OR = 0.14; 95% CI: 0.03–0.75), distance from the next infected cattle farm (OR = 4.02; 95% CI: 1.09–14.84) and Proximity to sheep farms (OR = 8.43; 95% CI: 1.66–42.70) were the most important risk factors associated with the spread of disease. There was no difference between the case and control farms in terms of the number of times that the vaccination program was carried out in cattle farms (P = 0.645).Conclusion Compliance with hygiene and health standards is very important and decisive in preventing the spread of brucellosis between industrial cattle farms.
Continuing Medical Education in China: Evidence from primary health workers' preferences for continuing Traditional Chinese Medicine education
Authors: Yan Hao , Han Zhaoran , Nie Hanlin , Yang Wanjin , Nicholas Stephen , Maitland Elizabeth , Zhao Weihan , Yang Yong , Shi Xuefeng 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundContinuing Medical Education (CME) is an important part of the training process for health workers worldwide. In China, training in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) not only improves the expertise of medical workers, but also supports the Chinese Government’s policy of promoting TCM as an equal treatment to western medicine. CME, including learning Traditional Chinese Medicine Technologies (TCMTs), perform poorly and research into the motivation of health workers to engage in CME is urgently required. Using a discrete choice experiment, this study assessed the CME learning preferences of primary health workers, using TCMT as a case study of CME programs.MethodsWe conducted a discrete choice experiment among health workers in Shandong Province, Guizhou Province, and Henan provinces from July 1, 2021 to October 1, 2022 on the TCMT learning preferences of primary health workers. The mixed logit model and latent class analysis model were used to analyze primary health workers’ TCMT learning preferences.ResultsA total of 1,063 respondents participated in this study, of which 1,001 (94.2%) passed the consistency test and formed the final sample. Our key finding was that there was three distinct classes of TCMT learner. Overall, the relative importance of the seven attributes impacting the learning of TCMTs was: learning expenses, expected TCMT efficacy, TCMT learning difficulty, TCMT mode of learning, TCMT type, time required to learn, and expected frequency of TCMT use. However, these attributes differed significantly across the three distinct classes of TCMT learner. Infrequent users (class 1) were concerned with learning expenses and learning difficulty; workaholics (class 2) focused on the mode of learning; and pragmatists (class 3) paid more attention to the expected TCMTC efficacy and the expected frequency of TCMT use. We recommend targeted strategies to motivate TCMT learning suited to the requirements of each class of TCMT learner.ConclusionRather than a single TCMT medical education program for primary health workers, CME programs should be targeted at different classes of TCMT learner.
Immunohistochemical reactivity of human tissues with monoclonal antibody against Escherichia coli O104 O-specific polysaccharide containing sialic acid
Authors: Korzeniowska-Kowal Agnieszka , Gamian Elżbieta , Skowicki Michał , Lipiński Tomasz , Seweryn Ewa , Ziółkowski Piotr , Letkiewicz Sławomir , Gamian Andrzej 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the major component of outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria contains the O-antigenic polysaccharide used for classifying bacteria into O-serotypes within species. The serotype O104 of E. coli is characterized by the presence of sialic acid in its LPS. In previous study we established the structure of its O-polysaccharide and here we report the reactivity of anti-O104 polysaccharide monoclonal antibody with human tissues. The study was conducted under an assumption that the sialic acid based molecular identity of bacterial and tissue structures is not only an understanding the mimicry based bacterial pathogenicity. Cross-reacting antibodies could be used to recognise specific human tissues depending on their histogenesis and differentiation which might be useful for diagnostic purposes. The results indicate that variety of human tissues is recognised by anti-O104 antibodies. Positive reaction has been found in the metastatic colon adenocarcinoma cells in liver, ganglioneuroma cells, ovarian endometrioid carcinoma cells, mammary invasive ductal carcinoma cells and prostate carcinoma cells. The negative reaction with monoclonal antibody anti-O104 LPS has been observed in trophoblast, cartilage, normal squamous epithelium, hematopoietic cells and certain tumours, such as squamous cell carcinoma, myxoid liposarcoma and fibrosarcoma. Further studies should determine the structure of the recognized tissue epitope.
Estimating Glomerular Filtration Rate in Pediatric Patients with Neurogenic Bladder: a comparison between Creatinine- and Cystatine C-equations
Authors: Menezes Catarina , Costa Teresa , Brás Catarina , Sousa Patrícia , Mendes Ana , Amorim Rosa , Faria Maria Sameiro , Mota Conceição 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose:
Patients with neurogenic bladder (NB) have higher risk of developing chronic kidney disease (CKD). Due to their lower muscle mass, the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) using creatinine (Cr) may be overestimated and delay the diagnosis of renal failure.
The study compare eGFR calculated by different formulas based on creatinine and/or cystatin C (CysC) in children with NB, and the differences between patients with lower muscle mass (underdeveloped lower limbs) and with independent gait (less muscle depletion).
Methods:
The eGFR was calculated in all pediatric patients with NB and CKD stage 1 and 2, using different formulas: CKiD-Cr, CKiD-CysC, CKiD combined-Cr/CysC, Zappitelli-CysC and Zappitelli combined-Cr/CysC.
Results:
Forty-seven patients were evaluated, 74.5% in CKD stage 1, with median age of 14.1 years, 59.6% had lipo/myelomeningocele. When compared with CKiD-Cr, CysC-based formulas showed lower eGFR ​​(p<0.05), (CKiD-CysC (p<0.001), Zappitelli-CysC (p<0.001), CKiD -Cr/CysC (p<0.001) and Zappitelli combined-Cr/CysC (p<0.05)).
When CKiD-CysC was used, 68% of patients moved to a more advanced CKD stage.
In patients without independent gait, with lower muscle mass (55.3%), the median eGFR using CKiD-Cr and CKiD combined-Cr/CysC were higher (p<0.05). No differences were found between the two groups using the others CysC-based formulas.
Conclusion:
In patients with NB and poor muscle mass, CKiD-Cr formula may overestimate renal function. CysC-based formulas seem more reliable in these patients, especially in those with greater muscular atrophy.
Colorectal cancer screening future modalities among Saudi population: national questioner
Authors: alharbi mohammed 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: Understanding how the general public feels about the method of colorectal cancer screening is crucial since early diagnosis of cancer through the colorectal cancer screening program lowers mortality rates.
Methods: The purpose of this study was to determine the most popular technique of colorectal cancer screening in Saudi Arabia. From September 2021 to February 2022, a cross-sectional study using an adult Saudi population was undertaken. On an internet platform, a self-created survey was given to the general public. All statistical analyses were carried out using SPSS version 26 and data were tabulated using Google Forms.
Results: out of 10781 participants were analysed, out of them ,we found 5612 are suitable for analysis between colonoscopy and faecal immunochemical test (FAIT) population preference for colorectal cancer screening modalities. we found that gender, employment and age were important predicators for the preferred screening modality.
Conclusion: More attention should be paid to the population's preferred method of colorectal cancer screening, which could increase the success of the screening effort.
Over-reliance on water infrastructure erodes the resilience of
drylands pastoralists
Authors: Baldassarre Giuliano Di , Piemontese Luigi , Terzi Stefano , Schwieger Diego Menestrey , Castelli Giulio , Bresci Elena 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Extreme droughts are affecting millions of livestock farmers in Sub-Saharan Africa, causing water shortages, famines, migration, and fatalities. The construction of new small water infrastructures (e.g., wells, boreholes, and small dams) is increasingly supported by NGOs and national governments to improve water availability for agro-pastoralists, especially as an emergency response to extreme droughts. While the short-term benefits of small water infrastructure are clear, their potential cumulative impact and their long-term effects on the resilience of drylands communities remain unclear. Building on in-depth anthropological literature from five key African drylands, we model post-drought pastoralists' dynamics related to small water infrastructure. We show that while developing new water points releases water shortages in the short term, it can erode the traditional adaptation practices without adequate governance. This can cause unexpected long-term impacts, such as sedentism, overgrazing, rangeland degradation, and groundwater depletion. We further illustrate how our model captures early quantitative signals of resilience loss in dryland Angola, where large-scale implementation of small water infrastructure is being delivered in response to the worst droughts ever recorded in the pursuit of increasing climate resilience.