bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Critical care pharmacy practice advancement recommendations on direct patient care activities: An opinion of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy Critical Care Practice and Research Network
Authors: Buckley Mitchell S. , Acquisto Nicole M. , Adams Christopher , Brandt Kimberly , Ammar Mahmoud A. , Deshpande Ranjit , Bullard Heather , Santibañez Melissa , Fontaine Gabriel V. , Musselman Megan , Noble Melissa , Van Cleve Jonathan , Whitcomb John J. , Johansson Marcia , Jontz Ashlee , Bates Kimberly , O'Connor Michael F. , Mayer Daniel , Lanspa Michael , Uppalapu Suresh , Tompeck Alison J. , Rodricks Michael , Choron Rachel L. , Walls David O. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAn updated position paper on critical care pharmacy services recommends the development of new clinical programs. However, proposed pragmatic strategies for critical care pharmacy practice advancement are lacking. The purpose of this position paper is to develop consensus recommendations aimed at direct patient care activities for the advancement of critical care pharmacy practice. A 24‐member task force of critical care pharmacists, physicians, and nurses participated in a Recommendation Development Phase and Consensus‐building Phase (using a Delphi method) to produce the final critical care practice advancement recommendations. Proposed recommendations of pragmatic medication management opportunities with an advanced scope of practice involving pharmacist prescriptive authority for initiating, modifying, or discontinuing drug therapy and medication monitoring were developed. Task force participants anonymously voted on each proposed recommendation using a five‐point Likert scale (1 = strongly agree, 2 = agree, 3 = neutral, 4 = disagree, and 5 = strongly disagree). Recommendations failing to achieve consensus (≥70% agreement on “strongly agree”/“agree” votes) were revised for subsequent voting. Task force response rates during the first and second voting rounds were 71% (n = 17) and 79% (n = 19), respectively. A total of 57 (93.4%) of the 61 proposed practice advancement recommendations achieved consensus of which 88.5% (n = 54) met consensus after the first round. Consensus recommendations involved the critical care pharmacist initiating (n = 15), modifying (n = 22), or discontinuing (n = 9) drug therapy, and ordering relevant laboratory values or tests to optimize drug therapy (n = 11). One recommendation failing consensus was not revised for additional voting given the impracticality of achieving agreement. Fifty‐seven of the proposed 61 recommendation statements (93%) achieved the consensus threshold after two rounds of voting by an interprofessional expert panel. These recommendations provide a conceptual framework for promoting novel critical care pharmacist prescriptive authority over specific aspects of direct patient care. Implementation challenges and barriers, further described in this paper, must be explored at the institutional level for acceptance.
Optical time‐stretch imaging flow cytometry in the compressed domain
Authors: Lin Siyuan , Li Rubing , Weng Yueyun , Mei Liye , Wei Chao , Song Congkuan , Wei Shubin , Yao Yifan , Ruan Xiaolan , Zhou Fuling , Geng Qing , Wang Du , Lei Cheng 
Published: May 2023

AbstractImaging flow cytometry based on optical time‐stretch (OTS) imaging combined with a microfluidic chip attracts much attention in the large‐scale single‐cell analysis due to its high throughput, high precision, and label‐free operation. Compressive sensing has been integrated into OTS imaging to relieve the pressure on the sampling and transmission of massive data. However, image decompression brings an extra overhead of computing power to the system, but does not generate additional information. In this work, we propose and demonstrate OTS imaging flow cytometry in the compressed domain. Specifically, we constructed a machine‐learning network to analyze the cells without decompressing the images. The results show that our system enables high‐quality imaging and high‐accurate cell classification with an accuracy of over 99% at a compression ratio of 10%. This work provides a viable solution to the big data problem in OTS imaging flow cytometry, boosting its application in practice.
Comparative analysis of opioid use in sickle cell crisis in an urban facility in Ghana
Authors: Opoku‐Agyakwa Marian , Lawson Henry J. , Olayemi Edeghonghon 
Published: May 2023

AbstractVaso‐occlusive crises (VOC) is common and opioids are the treatment of choice.This study compared parenteral pethidine and morphine in the elimination/reduction of pain in acute VOC to tolerable levels. This open‐label randomized study compared intravenous morphine 5 mg 4 hourly to intramuscular pethidine 75 mg 4 hourly. Eighty‐two consenting adult sickle cell disease participants were recruited from the Korle‐Bu Polyclinic. (Forty‐one participants in each arm). There were 42 male and 40 female participants. Median age was 25 years. Pethidine participants totalling 31.7% (13/41) and 53.7% (22/41) in the morphine arm had a sustained response within 6 h, p = 0.027. In the pethidine and morphine arms 60.0% (24/40) and 62.5% (25/40) of participants respectively achieved adequate pain control within 72 h of initiating therapy, p = 0.296. Most participants, 96.3% (79/82) had no side effects to opioids. The commonest side effects were generalized pruritus, nausea and vomiting, and headaches. More pethidine than morphine participants experienced side effects 29.3% and 22.0% respectively; p = 0.448. In conclusion, more morphine participants achieved a sustained pain response compared to the pethidine participants. There was no difference in the tolerability and side effect profile of the opioids. No participant experienced respiratory suppression.
Migratory patterns of mallards in eastern North America as revealed from band‐recovery data
Authors: Lavretsky Philip , Sedinger Benjamin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMallard (Anas platyrhynchos) distributions have changed in North America over the last century because of altered habitat and the direct augmentation of eastern populations with captive‐bred game‐farm mallards in the early twentieth century. Geographical overlap between wild and game‐farm individuals has resulted in interbreeding, with North American mallard populations now ranging from largely wild to more feral and feral x wild hybrids. How changing genetic integrity of North America's mallards translates behaviorally remains unknown. We analyzed band‐recovery data from 1949–2019 to estimate emigration rates and geographic distributions of mallards to understand whether the admixed genetic heritage of mallards in North America's Mississippi and Atlantic flyways resulted in variable autumn distributions. We included American black ducks (Anas rubripes) as a flyway migratory comparative, and analyzed datasets partitioned by flyway and major international space (i.e., Canada vs. United States). We present results that correspond to the hypothesis that western mallard populations of the 1950s expanded eastward and were the precursor populations of mallards in the Canadian provinces of the Atlantic Flyway, while mallards of the Atlantic Flyway in the United States showed substantially differing patterns. Specifically, we estimate that since 1990, approximately 23% of banded mallards on the United States side of the Atlantic Flyway are annually recovered in the Mississippi Flyway as compared to about 5% of those banded in Canadian provinces of the Atlantic Flyway. Given that mallards from the United States side of the Atlantic Flyway are considered a feral × wild hybrid swarm, annual westward emigration of 23% of these mallards is concordant with increasing prevalence of game‐farm mallard molecular variation detected in the Great Lakes and mid‐continent mallard populations. Our results provide insight into potential means for the movement of game‐farm molecular variation from the Atlantic into the Mississippi Flyway, and suggest that the effect of these mallards on the genetic integrity and future adaptive capacity of mallard populations in the Mississippi Flyway requires attention and consideration in future management decisions.
Monitoring lesion activity on primary teeth with CP‐OCT and SWIR reflectance imaging
Authors: Zhu Yihua , Kim Jungsoo , Lin Brent , Fried Daniel 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to use cross polarization optical coherence tomography (CP‐OCT) and short wavelength infrared imaging (SWIR) reflectance imaging to monitor changes in the structure and activity of early occlusal caries on primary teeth over a period of 6 months during intervention with fluoride.MethodsParticipants (n = 29) aged 6−10 each with two suspected active occlusal lesions on primary teeth completed the study. Fluoride varnish was applied to tooth surfaces every 3‐months and participants were instructed to brush twice daily with a fluoride toothpaste. Images were acquired using CP‐OCT every 3 months for 6 months. SWIR reflectance images were acquired during forced air‐drying of the lesions for 30 s at 0 and 6‐months.ResultsMost of the 42 lesions appeared initially active at baseline. Only 6 lesions appeared arrested at baseline based on the presence of a highly mineralized transparent surface layer (TSL) in CP‐OCT images. At 6 months, 14 of the lesions appeared arrested including the 6 initially arrested lesions and the TSL thickness increased significantly (p < 0.0001). The mean lesion depth (Ld) and the integrated reflectivity over the lesion depth (ΔR) increased significantly (p < 0.05) after 6 months for the 42 lesions analyzed. SWIR reflectance images showed that there was a significantly higher (p < 0.05) delay before changes in intensity were measured for active lesions versus arrested lesions during lesion drying.ConclusionCP‐OCT was able to monitor changes in lesion structure and activity including the formation of a highly mineralized TSL indicative of lesion arrest during nonsurgical intervention. Time‐resolved SWIR reflectance imaging also shows that there are differences in the dehydration kinetics between active and arrested lesions. This study demonstrates two independent imaging methods that can be used to monitor changes in lesion activity over time.
Fine‐Tuning Supramolecular Assemblies by Controlling Micellar Aggregates
Authors: Ghosh Dipankar , Marshall Libby J. , Ciccone Giuseppe , Liu Wanli , Squires Adam , Seddon Annela , Vassalli Massimo , Adams Dave J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSupramolecular assembly can be used to fabricate complex functional materials by organizing simple building blocks. However, it is difficult to control the hierarchical assembly across multiple length scales. The correlation of a supramolecular gel network and a pre‐gelling aggregate will help to understand how a molecular‐level assembly is translated into a higher order. Here, a functional dipeptide 2NapFF is used that can assemble in different micellar structures at high pH by varying the counterion. Replacing the counterions with a divalent calcium salt results in a cross‐linked gel network, or an interesting analog “gel noodles.” The physical properties of the gel noodles can be varied by choosing specific micellar assemblies as the pre‐gel. The mechanical rigidity of the gel networks is compared by nanoindentation and tensile testing, and the pattern to the structures of the micelles observed by small‐angle X‐ray scattering is correlated. The supramolecular assembly can be fine‐tuned by using different micelles as the pre‐gel without affecting the inherent gel‐state properties.
Translation, cross‐cultural adaptation and validation of the traditional Chinese Food Allergy Quality of Life‐Parental Burden questionnaire into simplified Chinese for use in mainland China
Authors: Li Zeen , Leung Tingfan , Tian Lang , Liu Haiyan , He Wei , Tang Siyuan , Chen Qirong , Wang Guiyun 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimThe study aimed to translate and adapt the traditional Chinese Food Allergy Quality of Life‐Parental Burden Questionnaire (TC‐FAQL‐PB) into simplified Chinese language and determine the validity and reliability of the translated version.DesignA methodologic study design involving instrument translation and psychometric evaluation was used for the present study.MethodsThe simplified Chinese FAQL‐PB (SC‐FAQL‐PB) was developed following Guillemin's guidelines for cross‐cultural adaptation. A convenience sample of 230 participants was recruited. The psychometric properties were examined using internal consistency, test–retest reliability, item discrimination, content validity and construct validity.ResultsThe values of I‐CVI ranged from 0.83 to 1.00. The CFA model revealed that the study supported the two‐factor model. The questionnaire had good internal consistency with a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.946. The item‐total correlation values ranged from 0.707 to 0.866. Test–retest reliability showed that the intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.926 (95% CI, 0.830–0.968).
A novel strategy on the study of whole intestinal metabolic profiles for Polygalae Radix before and after processing
Authors: Zhao Ningning , Xing Junpeng , Zheng Zhong , Song Fengrui , Liu Zhiqiang , Liu Shu 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIntroductionRelieving toxicity and enhancing a calming effect after processing Polygalae Radix (PR) are widely known. Aromatic carboxylic acids (ACAs) may be crucial processed products. However, due to the limited detection methods for ACAs, the whole metabolic profiles via intestinal bacteria are still not very clear.ObjectiveDesigning a novel strategy for the detection of ACAs and tracking the whole metabolic profiles before and after processing PR.Materials and MethodsThe stable‐isotope labelling derivatisation (SILD) method based on multidimensional ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography coupled with a mass spectrometer (UHPLC‐MS) technology and UNIFI‐pathway mode was firstly designed to systematically study the metabolisms of all the drug‐derived ingredients ranging from m/z 100 to 2000 in processing PR via intestinal bacteria. Firstly, the SILD with UHPLC coupled with a triple‐quadrupole MS technology was designed to trace eight ACA metabolites of the processed PR with intestinal bacteria. Additionally, the UHPLC coupled with a quadrupole time‐of‐flight MS with UNIFI‐pathway mode was adopted to monitor relatively big metabolites.ResultsThe metabolism mechanism of ACAs (eight kinds) and the relatively big molecular metabolites (98 kinds) were deeply traced in PR, PR with refined honey (HP), and PR with licorice (LP) via the intestinal bacteria. Totally 106 intact metabolic profiles of drug‐derived ingredients were presented. Importantly, the influence of LP on the metabolism of compounds after incubation of intestinal bacteria was greater than that of HP.ConclusionThis research provides a comprehensive and systematic guidance for further study on in vivo metabolisms of the processed PR.
Factors influencing the use of ICT to support students' self‐regulated learning in digital environment: The role of teachers in lower secondary education of Shanghai, China
Authors: Xu Jinjie , Zhu Yan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCurrently, Shanghai, China is facing a contradictory situation in process of digitalization in education. Supply and allocation of information and communications technology (ICT) infrastructure are relatively adequate and equitable, but the share of teacher‐supported classroom ICT use for student learning in digital environment is much lower than the Organization for Economic Co‐operation and Development average. This study mainly analyzed the roles of school factors with focus on infrastructure and school climate for innovation as well as teacher factors on their professional preparation and development related to ICT, professional practices, and attitudes toward ICT use. The data from Shanghai sample in the 2018 Teaching and Learning International Survey (TALIS), which consists of 3976 teachers from 198 lower secondary schools which refer to middle school in China, were used to build multilevel logistic regression models for the investigation. The principal results indicate that teachers' self‐efficacy on ICT use, initial preparation, and professional development related to ICT use and implementation of teaching practice as prompt for ICT use are powerful predictors. Relatively, at the school level, ICT infrastructure and team innovativeness are not significant in attributing to teacher‐supported classroom ICT use. Based on findings, implications, and recommendations are presented to direct Shanghai education policy toward digital transition in education.
Nonthermal plasma synthesis of silicon carbonitride
Authors: Herzberg Steven , Mathaudhu Suveen N. , Mangolini Lorenzo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe use of a low‐temperature plasma for the synthesis of amorphous silicon carbonitride (SiCN) nanoparticles enables the realization of sintered bulk samples with high thermal stability. Amorphous SiCN nanoparticles are produced from a mixture of silane, methane, and ammonia utilizing a mid‐pressure, radio‐frequency, continuous flow reactor. Particle characterization shows that the nanoparticles are largely amorphous with some crystalline silicon and silicon carbide domains <10 nm in size. Compositional tuning, controlled by varying the precursor flow rates, coupled with the uniform mixing of elements at the nanoscale, results in samples that resist crystallization even when sintered at temperatures as high as 2000°C. This study suggests that the low‐temperature plasma synthesis of nanoparticles has great potential to produce bulk structural materials for application in harsh environments.
Humidity‐Controlled Molecular Assembly and Photoisomerization Behavior with a Bubble‐Assisted Patterning Approach
Authors: Min Fanyi , Zhang Zhao‐Yang , Qu Zhiyuan , Gao Jie , Shi Xiaosong , Long Haoran , Li Yixin , Chen Shengnan , Dong Dongfang , Yi Yuanping , Jiang Lang , Yang Juehan , Li Tao , Qiao Yali , Song Yanlin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPrecise control of molecular assembly is of great significance in the application of functional molecules. This work has systematically investigated the humidity effect in bubble‐assisted molecular assembly. This work finds humidity is critical in the evolution of the soft confined space, leading to the formation of microscale liquid confined space under high humidity, and nanoscale liquid confined space under low humidity. It is also revealed that the differences in surface wettability and adhesion play the key role. Consequently, a flat pattern with thermodynamically favorable ordered structure and a sharp pattern with dynamically favorable disordered structure are achieved, which show different solid‐state photoisomerization behaviors and photoresponsiveness. Interestingly, conductivity of sharp pattern with disordered structure is higher than that of flat pattern with layered ordered structure due to electronic transport mechanism of different spatial dimensions. This work opens a new way for manipulating the molecular self‐assembly to control the morphology and function of molecular patterns.
Electronic and Structural Engineering of Atomically Dispersed Isolated Single‐Atom and Alloy Architectures
Authors: Patil Rahul , Dey Tapan , Kang Ling , Liu Shude , Jun Seong Chan , Dutta Saikat 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPrecise configurations of isolated metal atoms in nitrogen‐doped carbon materials with 2D single or multilayers and 3D nanoarchitectures are gaining attention owing to their good stability and activity at high current densities. Atomic metal–Nx moieties, which utilize maximum atoms to attain high intrinsic activity and novel electronic architecture of support materials, facilitate strong interaction between the central metal atom and support matrix. However, resource consumption is considerably high due to the inferior atomic utilization of active sites. Therefore, energy‐efficient electrochemical processes are needed to develop advanced isolated single‐atom architecture, which would provide high atom‐utilization and good durability. Herein, the concepts of atomically dispersed metal sites in single‐atom and alloy architectures and their electronic features associated with structural evolution are discussed. Opportunities and challenges associated with the use of isolated single‐atoms in 2D materials are discussed based on their unique electronic defects, low‐valence central metals, mechanical flexibility, and maximum access to metal sites. This insightful revisit into the engineering of single‐atom and alloy architectures would provide a profound understanding of electronic modulations and regulation of geometric characteristics, and unravels potential directions for electrochemical energy conversion, charge storage, and sensing processes.
Food‐related substrate preference in juveniles seastar Echinaster (Othilia) brasiliensis (Müller & Troschel,1842) in captivity
Authors: Maganhe Bruna L. , Andrade Laura S. , Camilo Laura de O. , Neto Hugo G. , Sanches Eduardo G. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThere are only a few studies that describe the larval development of Echinaster or aspects on culture systems for the genus. For starfishes, the choice of suitable substrates has received special attention since it could influence the acid–base balance of the water, movement capacity and predation rate. The objective of this study was to evaluate the ideal food‐related substrate for the rearing of juvenile Echinaster brasiliensis. A batch of fertilized eggs released in spontaneous spawning was collected and kept in a plankton‐kreisel until metamorphosis. Data on preference of food‐related substrate was recorded for 10 weeks from day 58 post‐release. From release to 132 days old, arm length increased from 0.81 mm to 1.31 ± 0.03 mm. Considering the sudden increase in arm length (AL), it was estimated that feeding started around 40 days of age. Regarding food‐related substrate preferences, biofilm grown on “rocks” showed a significant difference among other treatments, adding up to 50% of preference (p < .05). For sponge and biofilm from bio media, there was no statistical difference for the whole period. In this study, sponges showed to be the least preferred food‐related substrate for post‐settlement juveniles. Considering that Echinaster and other starfish are commonly maintained on a diet of collected or cultured sponges, difficulties in sourcing a ready supply throughout the year represent limitations to their sole use within commercial or laboratory‐scale production. In this sense, the use of biofilm from biological media for the feeding of juvenile starfish is not yet reported in the literature and showed to be an easy and promising option.
Language and Violence
Authors: van Tongeren Paul 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIt has been pointed out that thinking and speaking about violence is paradoxical. Violence, like evil in general, appears to be characterised by absurdity and irrationality. Moreover, violence is not a subject that we can contemplate freely, something that we can think about, but something that we are against and thus think against. Violence seems primarily to demand that we combat it rather than reflect on it. But how can we be sure that our battle against violence is not in itself violent, or whether in fact it needs to be in order to succeed? And what does that imply for our engagement? Based on three short texts by three contemporary French authors—Eric Weil, Emmanuel Levinas and Paul Ricoeur—this chapter explores several avenues in pursuit of answers to the unanswerable question of what violence actually is, in a quest to attain the unattainable and conquer violence.