bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metyrapone abolishes spike–wave discharge seizures in genetic absence epilepsy rats from Strasbourg by reducing stress hormones
Authors: Dezsi Gabi , Ozturk Ezgi , Harris Georgia , Paul Cornelius , O'Brien Terence J. , Jones Nigel C. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectiveStress is one of the most commonly reported triggers for seizures in patients with epilepsy, although the mechanisms that mediate this effect are not established. The clinical evidence supporting this is derived from patients' subjective experience of stress, and how this influences their own seizures. Animal models can be used to explore this phenomenon in controlled environments, free from subjective bias. Here, we used genetic absence epilepsy rats from Strasbourg (GAERS), a genetic rat model of absence epilepsy, to explore the influence of stress and stress hormones on spontaneous seizures.MethodsAdult male GAERS (n = 38) and nonepileptic control (NEC) rats (n = 4) were used. First, rats were subjected to 30‐min restraint stress to assess hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis function. Next, we assessed the effects of 30‐min noise stress, and cage tilt stress, on spike–wave discharge seizures in GAERS. We then performed pharmacological experiments to assess the direct effects of stress hormones on seizures, including corticosterone, metyrapone, and deoxycorticosterone.ResultsGAERS exhibited elevated baseline corticosterone levels, compared to NEC rats. Noise stress and cage tilt stress significantly enhanced seizure incidence (p < .05), but only during stress periods. Exogenous corticosterone administration also significantly increased seizure occurrence (p < .05). Metyrapone, an inhibitor of corticosterone synthesis, completely abolished seizures in GAERS, and seizures remained suppressed for >2 h. However, deoxycorticosterone, the precursor of corticosterone, increased seizures.SignificanceThese results suggest that GAERS exhibit elevations in stress hormones, and this may contribute to seizures. Inhibiting corticosterone synthesis with metyrapone prevents seizures in GAERS, and shows potential for repurposing this drug as a future antiseizure medication.
Strain‐controlled fatigue loading of an additively manufactured AISI 316L steel: Cyclic plasticity model and strain–life curve with a comparison to the wrought material
Authors: Pelegatti Marco , Benasciutti Denis , De Bona Francesco , Lanzutti Alex , Novak Jelena Srnec , Salvati Enrico 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLow cycle fatigue (LCF) regime was experimentally studied for a 316L steel additively manufactured by laser‐powder bed fusion (L‐PBF), a material widely used in sectors that require a reliable durability analysis. Material cyclic elastoplastic behavior is described by the Chaboche–Voce combined plasticity model, which displayed a great degree of accuracy. The fatigue life was modeled by both invoking the Manson–Coffin curve and other simplified models derived from static properties of the material; some of which showed remarkably good accuracy. A quantitative comparison with a wrought‐processed 316L steel displayed a markedly different cyclic elastoplastic response but comparable fatigue strengths.
Diverting residual biomass to energy use: Quantifying the global warming potential of biogenic CO2 (GWPbCO2)
Authors: Adetona Adekunbi B. , Layzell David B. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTo calculate the global warming potential of biogenic carbon dioxide emissions (GWPbCO2) associated with diverting residual biomass to bioenergy use, the decay of annual biogenic carbon pulses into the atmosphere over 100 years was compared between biomass use for energy and its business‐as‐usual decomposition in agricultural, forestry, or landfill sites. Bioenergy use increased atmospheric CO2 load in all cases, resulting in a 100GWPbCO2 (units of g CO2e/g biomass CO2 released) of 0.003 for the fast‐decomposing agricultural residues to 0.029 for the slow, 0.084–0.625 for forest residues, and 0.368–0.975 for landfill lignocellulosic biomass. In comparison, carbon emissions from fossil fuels have a 100GWP of 1.0 g (CO2e/g fossil CO2). The fast decomposition rate and the corresponding low 100GWPbCO2 values of agricultural residues make them a more climate‐friendly feedstock for bioenergy production relative to forest residues and landfill lignocellulosic biomass. This study shows that CO2 released from the combustion of bioenergy or biofuels made from residual biomass has a greenhouse gas footprint that should be considered in assessing climate impacts.
Behavioral screening of sleep‐promoting effects of human intestinal and food‐associated bacteria on Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Ko Taro , Murakami Hiroki , Kobayashi Shunjiro , Kamikouchi Azusa , Ishimoto Hiroshi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCommensal microbes influence various aspects of vertebrate and invertebrate brain function. We previously reported that Lactiplantibacillus plantarum SBT2227 promotes sleep in the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster. However, how widely the sleep‐promoting effects are conserved in gut bacterial species remains unknown. In this study, we orally administered human intestinal and food‐associated bacterial species (39 in total) to flies and investigated their effects on sleep. Six species of bacteria were found to have significant sleep‐promoting effects. Of these, we further investigated Bifidobacterium adolescentis, which had the greatest sleep‐promoting effect, and found that the strength of the sleep effect varied among strains of the same bacterial species. The B. adolescentis strains BA2786 and BA003 showed strong and weak effects on sleep, respectively. Transcriptome characteristics compared between the heads of flies treated with BA2786 or BA003 revealed that the gene expression of the insulin‐like receptor (InR) was increased in BA2786‐fed flies. Furthermore, a heterozygous mutation in InR suppressed the sleep‐promoting effect of BA2786. These results suggest that orally administered sleep‐promoting bacteria (at least BA2786), may act on insulin signaling to modulate brain function for sleep.
4‐octyl itaconate improves the viability of D66H cells by regulating the KEAP1‐NRF2‐GCLC/HO‐1 pathway
Authors: Chen Yanrui , Wang Zhenying , Song Yali , Chen Nan , Guo Jing , Liu Wenmin , Guo Keying , Ling Xia , Zhang Li 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAs a novel nuclear factor E2‐related factor 2 (NRF2) activator, the itaconate has shown significant therapeutic potential for oxidative stress diseases. However, its role in Vohwinkel syndrome in relation to the gap junction protein beta 2 (GJB2) mutation is still unclear. This study aimed at investigating the effect of 4‐octyl itaconate (OI) on HaCaT and D66H cells and clarify its potential mechanism in vitro. The optimal concentration and treatment time of OI on HaCaT cells and D66H cells were determined by CCK‐8 and LDH experiments. The effect of OI on cell proliferation was detected by EdU staining and FACS analysis of PI, while the apoptosis was evaluated by TUNEL staining and FACS analysis of Annexin V. The ROS staining was performed, and the levels of SOD, MDA, GSH and GSH/GSSG were detected to evaluate the effect of OI on oxidative damage induced by D66H‐type mutation. CO‐IP, Western blot, immunofluorescence and qPCR analyses were employed to detect the activation of KEAP1‐NRF2‐GCLC/HO‐1 pathway by OI. Finally, sh‐NRF2 was used to confirm the activation of this pathway by OI. Results showed that OI could improve the cell viability decreased by GJB2 gene mutation by regulating the balance between cell growth and apoptosis induced by oxidative damage. Furthermore, this alleviation process was regulated by the KEAP1‐NRF2‐HO‐1/GCLC pathway. In conclusion, OI could improve the viability of HaCaT and D66H cells via regulating the KEAP1‐NRF2‐GCLC/HO‐1 pathway, which provided a wide spectrum of potential targets for effective therapeutic treatments of Vohwinkel syndrome in the clinic.
Effect of size grading on growth of yellow Pacific shortfin eel (Anguilla bicolor pacifica)
Authors: Aya Frolan A. , Unida John Carlo L. , Garcia Luis Maria B. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHeterogeneous growth, which is common among farmed fish, can be remedied by size grading. This study focused on whether the size grading process, which is commonly practiced in aquaculture, improves the subsequent growth performance of the Pacific shortfin eel Anguilla bicolor pacifica. Eels [338.70 ± 4.70 mm total length (TL) and 84.93 ± 1.87 g body weight (BW)] were initially reared for 60 days (pre‐size grading period) and manually divided into three size groups: small (≤115 g), large (>150 g) and mixed (>115 g but <170 g), all maintained at a density of 5 kg m−3 and reared until day 150 (size grading period). After size grading, mean BW and TL at harvest significantly differed in all eel groups, suggesting growth was size specific. Nonetheless, at day 150, except for biomass, size grading had no significant effect on growth and survival, coefficient of variation of length and weight, and Fulton's condition factor. Large eels had a significantly higher feed intake than mixed or small eels, whereas feed efficiency did not differ among eel groups. Results suggest that size grading promotes size‐specific growth but did not improve the overall growth performance of yellow stage of A. bicolor pacifica.
Comparative histopathology of livers from Baltic cod infected with the parasitic nematode Contracaecum osculatum
Authors: Behrens Jane W. , Ryberg Marie Plambech , Chondromatidou Virginia , Iburg Tine Moesgaard 
Published: March 2023

AbstractInfection levels with the parasitic nematode Contracaecum osculatum in Eastern Baltic cod have increased in the last decades. Eastern Baltic cod is transport host for this parasite that has a high affinity for the liver of the fish. The liver is a highly vital organ and damage to the liver tissue can result in reduced functionality of the organ. Previous studies have revealed that cod with high infections loads reveal impaired physiological performance, reduced nutritional condition and show signs of having a liver disease. Yet, little is known about the pathological changes and inflammatory reactions of the cod liver related to the infections. In this study, we performed histological examinations on 30 Baltic cod livers caught in the eastern part of the Baltic Sea (length; 38 ± 0.9 cm, weight; 454 ± 34.8 gram) and three Sound cod livers (length; 63 ± 2.9 cm, weight; 3396 ± 300.2 gram) to categorize the degree of inflammation and its relation to pathological changes in infected cod livers. We further investigated how C. osculatum infection levels varied with intensity of inflammation and co‐infections. We found that high infection loads with C. osculatum caused severe inflammation in the liver tissue of cod and reduced fat content of the hepatocytes. Conspicuous amounts of glycogen were found in the muscle and intestinal epithelial cells of the nematodes and parasitic co‐infections occurred more frequently in the most heavily infected livers.
Cutaneous angiomatosis‐like presentation in koi carp (Cyprinus carpio koi): Clinical–pathological investigations
Authors: Mandrioli Luciana , Barbé Tim , Foselli Marco Bonazza , Brocca Ginevra , Verin Ranieri , Errani Francesca , Volpe Enrico , Montesi Francesco , Sirri Rubina , Morini Maria , Budai Jane , Toffan Anna , Ciulli Sara 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe skin represents an indicator of an animal's health status. Causes of cutaneous diseases in fish most often trace back to biological agents. However, fish skin diseases can also arise from a complex interaction of infectious and non‐infectious causes, making it more difficult to identify a specific aetiology. In the period between April and September of the years 2019–2022, four koi carp (Cyprinus carpio koi) from two European countries presented with multifocal, irregularly round, few mm to 1 cm, variably raised cutaneous reddened areas. The fish displayed good general condition. Cutaneous samples, investigated by microbiological and molecular methods and microscopy, did not indicate a primary pathogenic agent. Gross and histological findings of the cutaneous biopsies were consistent with a multifocal/reactive process centred on dermal vessels. The histological features were reminiscent of angiomatosis, a benign proliferative condition affecting the dermal vessels of mammals, including human patients. The clinical–pathological presentation and the dermatologic condition that affected the koi carp are discussed and compared with the veterinary and human literature.
“Out of the clear blue sky she tells me she loves me”: Connection experiences between caregivers and people with dementia
Authors: Sideman Alissa Bernstein , Merrilees Jennifer , Dulaney Sarah , Kiekhofer Rachel , Braley Tamara , Lee Kirby , Chiong Winston , Miller Bruce , Bonasera Stephen J. , Possin Katherine L. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundDementia can impede the relationship and connection between the person with dementia (PWD) and their caregiver. Yet, caregiving in dementia also offers opportunities for connection, which has implications for caregiver and PWD well‐being. In this qualitative study, we describe and characterize ways caregivers felt connected to the person with dementia they care for.MethodsWe conducted a telephone‐based survey with caregivers of people with dementia. For this paper, we analyzed responses to an open‐ended question focused on when caregivers feel most connected to the person they are caring for. Responses were analyzed and coded and themes were identified through an iterative process involving a multidisciplinary team of researchers and clinicians.Results437 caregivers participated in this study. We identified two domains of connection: activity‐based and emotion‐based connections. Within activity‐based connections, the following themes emerged: everyday activities; reminiscing; activities of caregiving; novel experiences; and time with family and friends. Within emotional connections, the following themes emerged: expressions of love, appreciation, and gratitude; physical affection; sharing an emotion or emotional experience; and times when the PWD seems like “themself” again.ConclusionsFindings provide insights into ways caregivers experience a sense of connection with the person they care for. There is a call to shift away from focusing on reducing stress and toward optimizing positive experiences as a way to better support caregivers' health and well‐being. Interventions that leverage these insights to foster caregiver – PWD connection could lead to better health and well‐being for both members of the dyad. The amplification of a positive experience may be particularly important for caregivers who are struggling with limited support or respite. Clinicians may be interested in using a question about connection as a way to more fully understand a caregiver's current experience.
Joy at work and vocational identity during COVID‐19: A structural equation model
Authors: Liske Carole , Tutticci Naomi , Diño Michael Joseph S. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study aims to explore the interrelations between joy at work, vocational identity, and COVID‐19‐related latent variables.DesignA cross‐sectional design was adopted to survey 253 registered nurses through nursing organizations and social networking sites during the time of the COVID‐19 pandemic.MethodsStructural Equation Modeling through Partial Least Squares (SEM‐PLS) was employed to accurately analyze and estimate relationships among joy at work, vocational identity, and COVID‐19‐related constructs in compliance with published standards and guidelines.ResultsThirty‐one items received convergent validity measures to represent the five study constructs related to joy at work, vocational identity, and Work life Impact of COVID‐19 pandemic: Meaning, Engagement, and Growth (MEG), Compassion, Sensitivity, and Respect (CSR), Trust, Support, and Flexibility (TSF), Vocational Identity Questionnaire (VIQ), and Work life Impact of COVID‐19 pandemic (CI). The generated model exhibited good model fit and consistent quality indices. The data fit statistically with the model: (Average Path Coefficient = 0.195, p < 0.000); Average R‐Squared = 0.156, p < 0.003; Average Adjusted R‐Squared = 0.151, p < 0.004; Average Variance Inflation Factor = 2.193 (within the ideal range); Average Full collinearity VIF = 2.388 (within the ideal range), and Tenenhaus Goodness of Fit (GoF) = 0.329. The perceived Work life Impact of COVID‐19 pandemic (CI) was a significant predictor of joy at work constructs (MEG, CSR, and TSF) and VIQ with direct effects. It also exerted a negative influence over MEG and TSF, but positively on CSR and VIQ. Notably, joy at work constructs significantly mediated the effects of CI on VIQ.ConclusionA structural model was developed that offers insights and a parsimonious explanation for the interrelations of COVID‐19, joy at work, and vocational identity variables. The pandemic unquestionably influences the nurses' perceived joy, sense of calling, and meaning in life's work, and joy at work enhances nurses' work‐life worth during challenging times.Clinical RelevanceAn increased understanding of nurses' joy at work during challenging times can potentially influence work culture, informs individual nurses, nurse leaders, and healthcare systems in all professional domains of practice and provides the foundational information to identify barriers to joy and strategies that enhance joy.
The changing face of intimate premarital relationships in Taiwan
Authors: Cheng Yen‐hsin Alice 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis paper examines changing intimate premarital relationships in Taiwan.BackgroundMarriages have been on the decline. Whether these foregone marriages are associated with a rise in cohabitation or other alternatives have become central to a thorough understanding of family changes, yet relevant research on Taiwan is limited.MethodsThe Taiwan Fertility and Family Survey collected nationally representative samples of 23,495 men and women aged 20–49 in four waves from 1998 to 2016. These were used to investigate changing patterns of cohabitation, marriage plans among cohabiting couples, premarital sex, and bridal pregnancies in addition to how the patterns vary by sex, education, and cohort.ResultsMore adults in Taiwan have experienced intimate premarital relationships since 1998, with a shift from no educational gradient to a negative one for cohabitation and premarital conception. These patterns were gendered during 2012–2016. With a persistently short duration and fewer adults living together with the idea of eventually getting married, cohabitation has become less of a prelude to marriage than an alternative to singlehood, and very few of these have involved children. These shifting behaviors have been driven mainly by the cohort replacement effect and intra‐cohort changes.ConclusionCohabitation has yet to become a long‐term stable union involving children. A lower birth rate caused by later and fewer marriages has not been offset by nonmarital births in cohabitation, and bridal pregnancies did not seem to have resulted in more marriages. Taiwan's socio‐cultural context likely plays a crucial role in the quasi‐Second Demographic Transition family changes here.
Flat‐panel detector CT to assess intracranial hemorrhage immediately following mechanical thrombectomy
Authors: Inoa Violiza , Dornbos David , DiNitto Julie , Martineau David , Sullivan Joseph , Angel Jacqueline , Nolan Vikki G. , Arthur Adam S. , Hoit Daniel , Nickele Christopher , Goyal Nitin , Elijovich Lucas 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackground and PurposeThe risk of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) approaches 5% despite mechanical thrombectomy (MT) efficacy for ischemic stroke secondary to large vessel occlusion. Flat‐panel detector CT (FDCT) imaging with Syngo Dyna CT imaging (Siemens Medical Solutions, Malvern, PA) can be used immediately following MT to detect ICH.PurposeTo evaluate the accuracy and reliability of FDCT imaging with Dyna CT compared to conventional post‐MT CT and MRI.MethodsHead FDCT (20 second, 70 kV) was performed immediately following MT on 26 consecutive patients; postprocedural CT or MRI was obtained ∼24 hours later. Two blinded, independent neuroradiologists evaluated all imaging, identifying ICH, stroke, and presence of subarachnoid contrast. Cohen's κ statistic was used to assess interrater agreement for each imaging outcome and compared the FDCT to conventional imaging.ResultsFDCT for ICH demonstrated a strong degree of interrater reliability (κ = 0.896; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.734‐1.057). Negligible reliability was seen for ischemia determination on immediate post‐MT FDCT (κ = 0.149; 95% CI, –0.243 to 0.541). ICH evaluation between FDCT and post‐MT conventional CT revealed modest interrater reliability (κ = 0.432; 95% CI, –0.100 to 0.965), which did not reach statistical significance. There was no substantive reliability in the evaluation of ICH between FDCT and post‐MT MRI (κ = 0.118, 95% CI, –0.345 to 0.580).ConclusionFDCT, such as Dyna CT, immediately post‐MT is a promising tool that can expedite the detection of ICH with a high degree of reliability, although the detection of ischemic parenchymal changes is limited.
TGF‐βRII/EP300/SMAD4 cascade signaling pathway promotes invasion and glycolysis in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Dandan , Peng Yanshuang , Lin Gaoren , Xiao Qian , Liu Han , Nan Xiaoxu , Han Jinpeng , Zhao Runzhe , Wang Yuzhu , Liu Jialin , Liu Ying 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroductionEP300 is considered to be a cancer suppressor gene that plays a role in tumor development, but some studies have reported that it is not an oral squamous cell carcinoma suppressor gene, because there was neither epigenetic inactivation of the gene nor a mutation resulting in functional impairment. However, there is no relevant study on whether EP300 is the exact carcinogenic effect and its mechanisms of carcinogenic effects in oral squamous cell carcinoma.MethodsWestern blot analysis and quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction experiments verified the protein and mRNA expression of EP300 in oral squamous cell carcinoma; The effects of EP300 knockout on glucose consumption and lactic acid production were detected by glycolysis experiments; The relationship between pathway‐related proteins and EP300 was verified by bioinformatics analysis and co‐immunoprecipitation experiment.ResultsOur experimental results confirm that the protein and mRNA of EP300 are highly expressed in oral squamous cell carcinoma, and after knocking out the EP300, the glycolysis ability, invasion, migration, and other biological functions of oral squamous cell carcinoma, are inhibited at the same time. Pathway‐related experiments have confirmed that EP300 plays a role in promoting cancer through the transforming growth factor‐beta receptor II (TGF‐βRII)/EP300/Smad4 cascade pathway.ConclusionEP300 plays a carcinogenic role in OSCC showed that the TGF‐βRII/EP300/Smad4 cascade pathway is involved in oral squamous cell carcinoma.