bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChatGPT in education: Transforming digital literacy practices
Authors: Ciampa Katia , Wolfe Zora M. , Bronstein Briana 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAs artificial intelligence (AI) technologies continue to advance, their integration into secondary and postsecondary education offers a multitude of opportunities for adolescent and adult learners. In this article, we delve into the advantages of integrating AI into literacy education, emphasizing its capacity to enhance writing skills, provide assistance to students with disabilities, foster critical thinking and media literacy abilities, and also tackle challenges associated with biases, misinformation, and an overdependence on AI tools. This article offers examples and recommendations to assist literacy educators in guiding their adolescent and adult learners toward ethical and responsible usage of AI.
Impact of dielectric constant of solvent on the formation of transition metal‐ammine complexes
Authors: Manna Debashree , Lo Rabindranath , Miriyala Vijay Madhav , Nachtigallová Dana , Trávníček Zdeněk , Hobza Pavel 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe DFT‐level computational investigations into Gibbs free energies (ΔG) demonstrate that as the dielectric constant of the solvent increases, the stabilities of [M(NH3)n]2+/3+ (n = 4, 6; M = selected 3d transition metals) complexes decrease. However, there is no observed correlation between the stability of the complex and the solvent donor number. Analysis of the charge transfer and Wiberg bond indices indicates a dative‐bond character in all the complexes. The solvent effect assessed through solvation energy is determined by the change in the solvent accessible surface area (SASA) and the change in the charge distribution that occurs during complex formation. It has been observed that the SASA and charge transfer are different in the different coordination numbers, resulting in a variation in the solvent effect on complex stability in different solvents. This ultimately leads to a change between the relative stability of complexes with different coordination numbers while increasing the solvent polarity for a few complexes. Moreover, the findings indicate a direct relationship between ΔΔG (∆Gsolvent‐∆Ggas) and ΔEsolv, which enables the computation of ΔG for the compounds in a particular solvent using only ΔGgas and ΔEsolv. This approach is less computationally expensive.
Understanding professional skills in engineering education: A phenomenographic study of faculty conceptions
Authors: Beagon Una , Bowe Brian 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundGlobalization and socially complex problems will greatly affect the way engineers work in the future. Therefore, efforts to transform engineering education must focus on professional skills and engagement of faculty as key change agents.Purpose/HypothesesFor engineering programs to address the needs of society, graduates must have the skills to tackle future challenges. Transformation will only be successful if faculty fully engage in all curriculum design aspects; however, little is known about how faculty view professional skills. This understanding is critical if we wish to support and encourage their participation in the transformation effort. This novel study reveals the qualitatively different ways faculty conceptualize professional skills.Design/MethodPhenomenography was selected as the most appropriate method to showcase the variations in faculty conceptions. The study selected 19 interview participants from 273 responses to an online survey.ResultsFaculty revealed their conceptions of professional skills in six ways: communication skills, technical skills, enabling skills, a combination of skills, interpersonal behaviors, and acting professionally.ConclusionsFindings revealed a tension between technical and nontechnical skills. The study highlights that engineering education must focus on behaviors and interactions between people rather than technical skills alone. Further, there was a gendered difference in conceptions between women and men with women more likely to consider professional skills to be inclusive of behavioral aspects. The findings can help create future strategies for engineering education and can be used as a reflective tool for engineering faculty in efforts to transform engineering education.
Use of glucarpidase (carboxypeptidase‐G2) in pediatric cancer patients: 11‐year experience of a tertiary center
Authors: Vila Rocío , Rubio‐San‐Simón Alba , Zubiaur Pablo , Navares‐Gómez Marcos , Gómez‐Hernández Patricia , Arce Begoña , Madero Luis 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMethotrexate is an essential drug in the treatment of childhood cancer that is not exempt from toxicities. Glucarpidase is a drug used to reduce the toxic concentration of plasma methotrexate in patients with delayed elimination or at risk of toxicity. We describe the characteristics of a cohort of pediatric patients that received glucarpidase and analyze its role in the treatment of toxicity induced by high doses of methotrexate (HDMTX).Retrospective observational study of all pediatric cancer patients who received glucarpidase between 2012 and 2022 at a single center.Fifteen patients were treated with a single dose of glucarpidase, eleven of them presented with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and received HDMTX at 5 g/m2 in 24‐hour infusion. In eight patients, glucarpidase was administered during the first cycle of HDMTX. The indication in thirteen cases was acute renal failure with delayed elimination of plasma methotrexate. The median maximum creatinine was 1.22 mg/dl (0.68 2.01 mg/dl), with a median increase over its baseline level of 313%. All patients normalized renal function after glucarpidase administration, with a median methotrexate excretion time of 193 hours (42–312 hours). No grade ≥2 adverse events derived from carboxypeptidase administration. Eleven patients received new doses of HDMTX in subsequent cycles, without new episodes of serious toxicity.The use of glucarpidase is effective and safe in the treatment of acute renal failure and methotrexate elimination delay in pediatric cancer patients. Further HDMTX doses may be prescribed without additional toxicities.
Calibrated multi‐model ensemble seasonal prediction of Bangladesh summer monsoon rainfall
Authors: Acharya Nachiketa , Montes Carlo , Hassan S. M. Q. , Sultana Razia , Rashid Md. Bazlur , Mannan Md. Abdul , Krupnik Timothy J. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBangladesh summer monsoon rainfall (BSMR), typically from June through September (JJAS), represents the main source of water for multiple sectors. However, its high spatial and interannual variability makes the seasonal prediction of BSMR crucial for building resilience to natural disasters and for food security in a climate‐risk‐prone country. This study describes the development and implementation of an objective system for the seasonal forecasting of BSMR, recently adopted by the Bangladesh Meteorological Department (BMD). The approach is based on the use of a calibrated multi‐model ensemble (CMME) of seven state‐of‐the‐art general circulation models (GCMs) from the North American Multi‐Model Ensemble project. The lead‐1 (initial conditions of May for forecasting JJAS total rainfall) hindcasts (spanning 1982–2010) and forecasts (spanning 2011–2018) of seasonal total rainfall for the JJAS season from these seven GCMs were used. A canonical correlation analysis (CCA) regression is used to calibrate the raw GCMs outputs against observations, which are then combined with equal weight to generate final CMME predictions. Results show, compared to individual calibrated GCMs and uncalibrated MME, that the CCA‐based calibration generates significant improvements over individual raw GCM in terms of the magnitude of systematic errors, Spearman's correlation coefficients, and generalised discrimination scores over most of Bangladesh areas, especially in the northern part of the country. Since October 2019, the BMD has been issuing real‐time seasonal rainfall forecasts using this new forecast system.
Going digital: Developing social capital through online social networks in regional SMEs—An Australian study
Authors: Bosua Rachelle , Evans Nina 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn an increasingly competitive and digitalized business environment, regional SMEs have multiple opportunities to extend their face‐to‐face networking activities to the digital realm. However, there is scant research on regional Australian SMEs use of online social networks (OSNs) to network and develop social capital. This paper follows an interpretive qualitative research approach to identify how 13 regional Australian SMEs from four sparsely populated regional areas use OSNs to enable knowledge sharing and the development of social capital. Our empirical findings classified regional Australian SMEs' use of OSNs into three categories: low, medium, and high, while also identifying OSN use opportunities. We propose four propositions related to OSN adoption and use to share knowledge and develop SC: (i) implementing an OSN adoption and use strategy as part of a larger digital strategy, (ii) investing in and adopting a variety of OSN channels for knowledge sharing, (iii) gradually replacing face‐to‐face knowledge sharing with OSNs, and (iv) controlling the sharing of competitive SME knowledge when using different OSN channels. These findings are significant to encourage regional Australian SMEs to adopt and use OSN to improve innovation opportunities through networking and collaboration in an increasingly digitalized realm.
Erucic acid improves the progress of pregnancy complicated with systemic lupus erythematosus by inhibiting the effector function of CD8+ T cells
Authors: Chang Yanling , Jiang Meng , Wang You , Fu Qiong , Lin Sihan , Wu Jiayue , Di Wen 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPathogenic CD8+ T cells are pivotal contributors to the onset of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Erucic acid (EA) has been proven to have anti‐inflammatory activity. However, the capacity of EA to regulate pathogenic CD8+ T cells in the context of pregnancy complicated with SLE (pSLE) remains unclear. In our investigation, we observed augmented CD8+ T cell effector function juxtaposed with diminished EA levels in pSLE patients relative to healthy pregnant controls. Significantly, plasma EA levels exhibited a negative correlation with the severity of pSLE‐associated complications. In blood from patients with pSLE, EA inhibited the effector function of CD8+ T cells, concurrently dampening the maintenance of stem cell‐like memory CD8+ T cells. Mechanistically, EA orchestrated the inhibition of CD8+ T cell effector function by impeding signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 phosphorylation and promoting ferroptosis. Moreover, EA supplementation in pregnant MRL/lpr mice manifested as the attenuation of uterine CD8+ T cell effector function, culminating in the mitigation of placental pathological damage. Our findings uncover the immune response modulatory effects of EA upon pathogenic CD8+ cells, thereby unveiling new perspectives for therapeutic strategies targeting pSLE patients.
Human prostate MRI at ultrahigh‐performance gradient: A feasibility study
Authors: Zhu Ante , Tarasek Matthew , Hua Yihe , Fiveland Eric , Maier Stephan E. , Mazaheri Yousef , Fung Maggie , Westin Carl‐Fredrik , Yeo Desmond T. B. , Szczepankiewicz Filip , Tempany Clare , Akin Oguz , Foo Thomas K. F. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPurposeTo demonstrate the technical feasibility and the value of ultrahigh‐performance gradient in imaging the prostate in a 3T MRI system.MethodsIn this local institutional review board–approved study, prostate MRI was performed on 4 healthy men. Each subject was scanned in a prototype 3T MRI system with a 42‐cm inner‐diameter gradient coil that achieves a maximum gradient amplitude of 200 mT/m and slew rate of 500 T/m/s. PI‐RADS V2.1–compliant axial T2‐weighted anatomical imaging and single‐shot echo planar DWI at standard gradient of 70 mT/m and 150 T/m/s were obtained, followed by DWI at maximum performance (i.e., 200 mT/m and 500 T/m/s). In comparison to state‐of‐the‐art clinical whole‐body MRI systems, the high slew rate improved echo spacing from 1020 to 596 μs and, together with a high gradient amplitude for diffusion encoding, TE was reduced from 55 to 36 ms.ResultsIn all 4 subjects (waist circumference = 81–91 cm, age = 45–65 years), no peripheral nerve stimulation sensation was reported during DWI. Reduced image distortion in the posterior peripheral zone prostate gland and higher signal intensity, such as in the surrounding muscle of high‐gradient DWI, were noted.ConclusionHuman prostate MRI at simultaneously high gradient amplitude of 200 mT/m and slew rate of 500 T/m/s is feasible, demonstrating that improved gradient performance can address image distortion and T2 decay–induced SNR issues for in vivo prostate imaging.
Access to prenatal exome sequencing for fetal malformations: A qualitative landscape analysis in the US
Authors: Sahin‐Hodoglugil Nuriye N. , Lianoglou Billie R. , Ackerman Sara , Sparks Teresa N. , Norton Mary E. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveThere is increasing evidence supporting the clinical utility of next generation sequencing for identifying fetal genetic disorders. However, there are limited data on the demand for and accessibility of these tests, as well as payer coverage in the prenatal context. We sought to identify clinician perspectives on the utility of prenatal exome sequencing (ES) and on equitable access to genomic technologies for the care of pregnancies complicated by fetal structural anomalies.MethodWe conducted two focus group discussions and six interviews with a total of 13 clinicians (11 genetic counselors; 2 Maternal Fetal Medicine/Geneticists) from U.S. academic centers and community clinics.ResultsParticipants strongly supported ES for prenatal diagnostic testing in pregnancies with fetal structural anomalies. Participants emphasized the value of prenatal ES as an opportunity for a continuum of care before, during, and after a pregnancy, not solely as informing decisions about abortions. Cost and coverage of the test was the main access barrier, and research was the main pathway to access ES in academic centers.ConclusionFurther integrating the perspectives of additional key stakeholders are important for understanding clinical utility, developing policies and practices to address access barriers, and assuring equitable provision of prenatal diagnostic testing.
Numerical simulation of disperse process of fuel‐air explosive based on the computational fluid dynamics
Authors: Ruipeng Liu , Xianzhen Jia , Wengang Qu , Wei Fang , Haichao Ren 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe formation process of fuel cloud is easily affected by the material properties of fuel mixture and the structural qualities of manufacture. The spread region of fuel cloud plays an important role in the damage performance of FAE bomb. However, there are not sufficient simulation study on the disperse process, lacking a useful model for calculating the fuel cloud size due to the physical complexity in disperse process. In this work, a FAE bomb was designated at first and an experiment was carried out to measure the fuel cloud diameters. And then a computational model was established to illustrate the formation process of fuel cloud. This computational model consisted of an explosion dynamics model in the near‐field stage and a fluid dynamics model in the far‐field stage. Furthermore, multiphase turbulence flow, discrete phase and species chemical transportation were incorporated in the fluid dynamics model. The results showed that good agreements were yielded by comparison of the simulation results and experimental data for the fuel cloud diameters. The fuel cloud diameter at 220 ms was 9.11 m for simulation and 9.37 m for experiment. Additionally, it was also discussed the influence of particle size distribution on the formation process of fuel cloud. Larger particles were more likely to aggregate at the outside region of fuel cloud due to individual inertial influence. This study can provide an effective computation model for evaluation of the fuel cloud region, which can be worthwhile in understanding the physical mechanism of disperse process.
Unraveling the role of flexible coil near calcium binding site of levansucrase on thermostability and product profile via proline substitution and molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Klaewkla Methus , Wangpaiboon Karan , Pichyangkura Rath , Charoenwongpaiboon Thanapon 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDue to its bioactivity and versatile applications, levan has appeared as a promising biomaterial. Levansucrase is responsible for the conversion of sucrose into levan. With the goal of enhancing levan production, the strategy for enhancing the stability of levansucrase is being intensively studied. To make proteins more stable under high temperatures, proline, the most rigid residue, can be introduced into previously flexible regions. Herein, G249, D250, N251, and H252 on the flexible coil close to the calcium binding site of Bacillus licheniformis levansucrase were replaced with proline. Mutations at G249P greatly enhance both the enzyme's thermodynamic and kinetic stability, while those at H252P improve solely the enzyme's kinetic stability. GPC analysis revealed that G249P synthesize more levan, but H252P generate primarily oligosaccharides. Molecular dynamics simulations (MD) and MM/GBSA analysis revealed that G249P mutation increased not only the stability of levansucrase, but also affinity toward fructan.
Prevalence, spatial structure and evolution of resistance to acetolactate‐synthase (ALS) inhibitors and 2,4‐D in the major weed Papaver rhoeas (L.) assessed using a massive, country‐wide sampling
Authors: Koreki Axelle , Michel Séverine , Lebeaux Caroline , Trouilh Lidwine , Délye Christophe 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDCorn poppy (Papaver rhoeas) is the most damaging broadleaf weed in France. Massively parallel amplicon sequencing was used to investigate the prevalence, mode of evolution and spread of resistance‐endowing ALS alleles in 422 populations randomly sampled throughout poppy's range in France. Bioassays were used to detect resistance to the synthetic auxin 2,4‐D in 43 of these populations.RESULTSA total of 21 100 plants were analysed and 24 mutant ALS alleles carrying an amino‐acid substitution involved or potentially involved in resistance were identified. The vast majority (97.6%) of the substitutions occurred at codon Pro197, where all six possible single‐nucleotide non‐synonymous substitutions plus four double‐nucleotide substitutions were identified. Changes observed in the enzymatic properties of the mutant ALS isoforms could not explain the differences in prevalence among the corresponding alleles. Sequence read analysis showed that mutant ALS alleles had multiple, independent evolutionary origins, and could have evolved several times independently within an area of a few kilometres. Finally, 2,4‐D resistance was associated with mutant ALS alleles in individual plants in one third of the populations assayed.CONCLUSIONThe intricate geographical mosaic of mutant ALS alleles observed is the likely result of the combination of huge population sizes, multiple independent mutation events and human‐mediated spread of resistance. Our work highlights the ability of poppy populations and individual plants to accumulate different ALS alleles and as yet unknown mechanisms conferring resistance to synthetic auxins. This does not bode well for the continued use of chemical herbicides to control poppy. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
A case series of three patients with histologically proven post COVID‐19 organizing pneumonia
Authors: Leung Cheuk Cheung Derek , Yeung Yiu Cheong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractOrganizing pneumonia, a form of interstitial lung disease, may occur in patients who have recovered from COVID‐19. In this article, we report three cases of post COVID‐19 organizing pneumonia, proven histologically with transbronchial biopsies showing fibroblastic plugs in the alveolar spaces. Our patients received a range of 86–166 days of continuous corticosteroid therapy and all of them made excellent recovery.
Green growth as a pathway toward sustainable development: A systems thinking on the Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau in China
Authors: Nyangchak Niangjijia 
Published: September 2023

AbstractGreen growth gained traction as a global climate change strategy and pathway toward sustainable development. China's green growth has been on the rise since the turn of the century, yet it is little understood in the context of its provinces. Previous studies focus on ranking green growth across countries and regions, not on assessing individual provinces over time. This study employs systems thinking and constructs an index framework to assess the environmental, economic, and social dimensions of green growth as a pathway toward sustainable development in Qinghai on the Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau. The study finds that green growth has steadily increased between 2000 and 2021 despite a volatile growth rate. The 10th–13th Five‐Year Plans showed similar trends. Short‐term green growth performance fluctuated in its dimensions and pillars, while long‐term performance increased steadily. Qinghai is well‐positioned to achieve sustainable development and build a circular economy. The study further discusses sustainable policy implications.
Quantitative Detection of Thyroid‐Stimulating Hormone in Patient Samples with a Nanomechanical Single‐Antibody Spectro‐Immunoassay
Authors: Zheng Peng , Raj Piyush , Wu Lintong , Mizutani Takayuki , Szabo Miklos , Hanson William A. , Barman Ishan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractFunctional disorders of the thyroid remain a global challenge and have profound impacts on human health. Serving as the barometer for thyroid function, thyroid‐stimulating hormone (TSH) is considered the single most useful test of thyroid function. However, the prevailing TSH immunoassays rely on two types of antibodies in a sandwich format. The requirement of repeated incubation and washing further complicates the issue, making it unable to meet the requirements of the shifting public health landscape that demands rapid, sensitive, and low‐cost TSH tests. Herein, a systematic study is performed to investigate the clinical translational potential of a single antibody‐based biosensing platform for the TSH test. The biosensing platform leverages Raman spectral variations induced by the interaction between a TSH antigen and a Raman molecule‐conjugated TSH antibody. In conjunction with machine learning, it allows TSH concentrations in various patient samples to be predicted with high accuracy and precision, which is robust against substrate‐to‐substrate, intra‐substrate, and day‐to‐day variations. It is envisioned that the simplicity and generalizability of this single‐antibody immunoassay coupled with the demonstrated performance in patient samples pave the way for it to be widely applied in clinical settings for low‐cost detection of hormones, other molecular biomarkers, DNA, RNA, and pathogens.