bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cross‐sectional evaluation of gut microbial–host cometabolites in patients with chronic pancreatitis
Authors: Xu Jia Jia , Meng Yu Ting , Zou Wen Bin , Zhao Jiu Long , Fang Xue , Zhang Yao , Zhou Wei , Zhang Ling , Wang Kai Xuan , Hu Liang Hao , Liao Zhuan , Zhou Chun Hua , Zou Duo Wu 
Published: February 2023

ObjectivesGut bacteria facilitate nutrient metabolism and generate small molecules that form part of the broader “metabolome”. It is unclear whether these metabolites are disturbed in chronic pancreatitis (CP). This study aimed to evaluate the gut microbial–host cometabolites and their relationship in patients with CP.MethodsFecal samples were collected from 40 patients with CP and 38 healthy family members. Each sample was examined with 16S rRNA gene profiling and gas chromatography time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry to estimate the relative abundances of specific bacterial taxa between the two groups and to profile any changes in the metabolome, respectively. Correlation analysis was used to evaluate the differences in metabolites and gut microbiota between the two groups.ResultsThe abundance of Actinobacteria was lower at the phylum level, and that of Bifidobacterium was lower at the genus level in the CP group. Eighteen metabolites had significantly different abundances and the concentrations of 13 metabolites were significantly different between the two groups. Oxoadipic acid and citric acid levels were positively correlated with Bifidobacterium abundance (r = 0.306 and 0.330, respectively, both P < 0.05), while the 3‐methylindole concentration was negatively correlated with Bifidobacterium abundance (r = −0.252, P = 0.026) in CP.ConclusionsGut microbiome and host microbiome metabolic products might be altered in patients with CP. Evaluating gastrointestinal metabolite levels may further enhance our understanding of the pathogenesis and/or progression of CP.
A randomised controlled trial of dexmedetomidine for delirium in adults undergoing heart valve surgery
Authors: Wang H.‐B. , Jia Y. , Zhang C.‐B. , Zhang L. , Li Y.‐N. , Ding J. , Wu X. , Zhang Z. , Wang J.‐H. , Wang Y. , Yan F.‐X. , Yuan S. , Sessler D. I. 
Published: February 2023

SummaryDexmedetomidine might reduce delirium after cardiac surgery. We allocated 326 participants to an infusion of dexmedetomidine at a rate of 0.6 μg kg−1 for 10 min and then at 0.4 μg.kg−1.h−1 until the end of surgery; 326 control participants received comparable volumes of saline. We detected delirium in 98/652 (15%) participants during the first seven postoperative days: 47/326 after dexmedetomidine vs. 51/326 after placebo, p = 0.62, adjusted relative risk (95%CI) 0.86 (0.56–1.33), p = 0.51. Postoperative renal impairment (Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes stages 1, 2 and 3) was detected in 46, 9 and 2 participants after dexmedetomidine and 25, 7 and 4 control participants, p = 0.040. Intra‐operative dexmedetomidine infusion did not reduce the incidence of delirium after cardiac valve surgery but might impair renal function.
Transcriptional regulation of spatiotemporal gene expression within the seminiferous epithelium: Mouse Acrv1 gene as a model
Authors: Reddi Prabhakara P. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPrecise spatiotemporal expression of cohorts of differentiation markers unique to spermatogonia, spermatocytes, and round spermatids punctuates spermatogenesis and ensures its completion. For example, genes coding for the synaptonemal complex or the acrosome or flagellum are expressed sequentially in a developmental stage‐ and germ cell‐specific manner. But the transcriptional mechanisms governing the spatiotemporal order of gene expression within the seminiferous epithelium are poorly understood. Using the round spermatid‐specific Acrv1 gene, which codes for the acrosomal protein SP‐10 as a model, we learned that (1) the proximal promoter itself contains all the necessary cis‐regulatory sequences, (2) an insulator prevents somatic cell expression of the testis‐specific gene, (3) RNA II polymerase is loaded on the Acrv1 promoter but paused in spermatocytes, thus ensuring precise transcriptional elongation in round spermatids, and that (4) a transcriptional repressor binding protein of 43 kilodaltons (TDP‐43) plays a role in maintaining the paused state in spermatocytes. Although the Acrv1 enhancer element has been narrowed down to 50 bp and its binding to a 47 kDa testis‐abundant nuclear protein shown, the identity of the putative transcription factor responsible for activation of round spermatid‐specific transcription remains elusive. Human male infertility is idiopathic with limited treatment options. Understanding transcriptional regulation of spermatogenesis has the potential to lead to future therapies for male infertility.
Virtual reality digital surgical planning for jaw reconstruction: a usability study
Authors: Manzie Timothy , MacDougall Hamish , Cheng Kai , Venchiarutti Rebecca , Fox Richard , Sharman Ashleigh , Charters Emma , Seyfi Doruk , Dunn Masako , Mukherjee Payal , Clark Jonathan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundDigital surgical planning (DSP) has revolutionized the preparation and execution of the management of complex head and neck pathologies. The addition of virtual reality (VR) allows the surgeon to have a three‐dimensional experience with six degrees of freedom for visualizing and manipulating objects. This pilot study describes the participants experience with the first head and neck reconstructive VR‐DSP platform.MethodsAn original VR‐DSP platform has been developed for planning the ablation and reconstruction of head and neck pathologies. A prospective trial utilizing this platform involving reconstructive surgeons was performed. Participants conducted a simulated VR‐DSP planning session, pre‐ and post‐questionnaire as well as audio recordings allowing for qualitative analysis.ResultsThirteen consultant reconstructive surgeons representing three surgical backgrounds with varied experience were recruited. The majority of surgeons had no previous experience with VR. Based on the system usability score, the VR‐DSP platform was found to have above average usability. The qualitative analysis demonstrated the majority had a positive experience. Participants identified some perceived barriers to implementing the VR‐DSP platform.ConclusionsVirtual reality‐digital surgical planning is usable and acceptable to reconstructive surgeons. Surgeons were able to perform the steps in an efficient time despite limited experience. The addition of VR offers additional benefits to current VSP platforms. Based on the results of this pilot study, it is likely that VR‐DSP will be of benefit to the reconstructive surgeon.
Variable selection in heterogeneous panel data models with cross‐sectional dependence
Authors: Mei Xiaoling , Peng Bin , Zhu Huanjun 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis paper studies the Bridge estimator for a high‐dimensional panel data model with heterogeneous varying coefficients, where the random errors are assumed to be serially correlated and cross‐sectionally dependent. We establish oracle efficiency and the asymptotic distribution of the Bridge estimator, when the number of covariates increases to infinity with the sample size in both dimensions. A BIC‐type criterion is also provided for tuning parameter selection. We further generalise the marginal Bridge estimator for our model to asymptotically correctly identify the covariates with zero coefficients even when the number of covariates is greater than the sample size under a partial orthogonality condition. The finite sample performance of the proposed estimator is demonstrated by simulated data examples, and an empirical application with the US stock dataset is also provided.
Laparoscopic surgery of large adnexal masses (>12 cm): Single port or conventional?
Authors: Güngördük Kemal , Gülseren Varol , Özdemir İsa Aykut 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIntroductionWe aimed to compare single‐port laparoscopic surgery (SPLS) and conventional multiport laparoscopic surgery (CMLS) for large adnexal mass (AM).MethodsPatients undergoing laparoscopy (LS) due to huge AMs (≥12 cm) between 2016 and 2021 were evaluated retrospectively. The SPLS procedure was applied in 25 cases, and CMLS was performed in 32 cases. The premier result was the grade of the postoperative improvement according to the Quality of Recovery (QoR)‐40 questionnaire score (24 h after the surgical procedure; postoperative day 1). Observer Scar Assessment Scale (OSAS) and Patient Observer Scar Assessment Scale (PSAS) were also evaluated.ResultsA total of 57 cases undergoing SPLS (n = 25) or CMLS (n = 32) due to a large AM (≥12 cm) were analyzed. No meaningful distinctions in age, menopausal status, body mass index, or mass size were observed between the two cohorts. The operation time was shorter in the SPLS than CPLS cohort (42.2 ± 3.3 vs. 47.6 ± 6.2; p < 0.001). Unilateral salpingo‐oophorectomy was performed in 84.0% of cases in the SPLS cohort and 90.6% of patients in the CMLS cohort (p = 0.360). The QoR‐40 points were significantly higher in the SPLS than the CMLS group (154.9 ± 12.0 vs. 146.2 ± 17.1; p = 0.035). The OSAS and PSAS scores were lower in the SPLS than the CMLS group.ConclusionLS can be used for large cysts that are not considered to be at risk of malignancy. The postoperative recovery time was shorter in patients undergoing SPLS compared to CMLS.
Modeling COVID-19 Contact-Tracing Using the Ratio Regression Capture–Recapture Approach
Authors: Böhning Dankmar , Lerdsuwansri Rattana , Sangnawakij Patarawan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractContact-tracing is one of the most effective tools in infectious disease outbreak control. A capture–recapture approach based upon ratio regression is suggested to estimate the completeness of case detection. Ratio regression has been recently developed as flexible tool for count data modeling and has proved to be successful in the capture–recapture setting. The methodology is applied here to Covid-19 contact tracing data from Thailand. A simple weighted straight line approach is used which includes the Poisson and geometric distribution as special cases. For the case study data of contact tracing for Thailand, a completeness of 83% could be found with a 95% confidence interval of 74%–93%.
The burden of mental and behavioral health visits to the pediatric ED: A 3‐year tertiary care center experience
Authors: Manuel Matthias M. , Yen Kenneth , Feng Sing‐Yi , Patel Faisalmohemed 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundThe shortage of mental health services across the United States has turned pediatric emergency departments (PEDs) into safety‐nets for the increasing population of children with mental and behavioral health (MBH) needs. This study provides a descriptive characterization of MBH‐related PED visits, the trends in visit, ED length of stay (EDLOS), and admission rate.MethodsWe reviewed electronic health records of children ≤18 years with MBH needs, who visited the PED of a large tertiary hospital from January 2017 to December 2019. We performed descriptive statistics, chi‐square (χ2), and logistic regression analyses to evaluate trend in visit, EDLOS, admission rate, and predictors of prolonged EDLOS and inpatient admission.ResultsOf 10,167 patients, 58.4% were females, median age was 13.8 years, and 86.1% were adolescents. On average, visits increased by 19.7% annually, with a 43.3% increase over 3 years. Common ED diagnoses include, suicidality (56.2%), depression (33.5%), overdose/poisoning, and substance use (18.8%), and agitation/aggression (10.7%). Median EDLOS was 5.3 hr, average admission rate was 26.3%, with 20.7% boarding in the ED for >10 hr. Independent predictors of admission include depression (pOR: 1.5, CI: 1.3–1.7), bipolar disorder (pOR: 3.5, CI: 2.4–5.1), overdose/substance use disorder (pOR: 4.7, CI: 4.0–5.6), psychosis (pOR: 3.3, CI: 1.5–7.3), agitation/aggression (pOR: 1.8, CI: 1.5–2.1), and ADHD (pOR: 2.5, CI: 2.0–3.0). Principal independent driver of prolonged EDLOS was patient admission/transfer status (pOR: 5.3, CI: 4.6–6.1).ConclusionsGiven the study results, MBH‐related PED visits, ED length‐of‐stay, and admission rates continue to rise even in recent years. PEDs lack the resources and capability to provide high‐quality care for the increasing population of children with MBH needs. Novel collaborative approaches and strategies are urgently needed to find lasting solutions.
Clinical utility of genomic profiling of AML using paraffin‐embedded bone marrow clots: HM‐SCREEN‐Japan 01
Authors: Hosono Naoko , Chi SungGi , Yamauchi Takahiro , Fukushima Kentaro , Shibayama Hirohiko , Katagiri Seiichiro , Gotoh Akihiko , Eguchi Motoki , Morishita Takanobu , Ogasawara Reiki , Kondo Takeshi , Yanada Masamitsu , Yamamoto Kazuhito , Kobayashi Tsutomu , Kuroda Junya , Usuki Kensuke , Utsu Yoshikazu , Yoshimitsu Makoto , Ishitsuka Kenji , Ono Takaaki , Takahashi Naoto , Iyama Satoshi , Kojima Kensuke , Nakamura Yukinori , Fukuhara Suguru , Izutsu Koji , Abutani Hikaru , Yamauchi Nobuhiko , Yuda Junichiro , Minami Yosuke ,   All HM‐SCREEN‐Japan 01 Investigators
Published: February 2023

AbstractNext‐generation sequencing of AML has identified specific genetic mutations in AML patients. Hematologic Malignancies (HM)‐SCREEN‐Japan 01 is a multicenter study to detect actionable mutations using paraffin‐embedded bone marrow (BM) clot specimens rather than BM fluid in AML patients for whom standard treatment has not been established. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the presence of potentially therapeutic target gene mutations in patients with newly diagnosed unfit AML and relapsed/refractory AML (R/R‐AML) using BM clot specimens. In this study, 188 patients were enrolled and targeted sequencing was undertaken on DNA from 437 genes and RNA from 265 genes. High‐quality DNA and RNA were obtained using BM clot specimens, with genetic alterations successfully detected in 177 patients (97.3%), and fusion transcripts in 41 patients (23.2%). The median turnaround time was 13 days. In the detection of fusion genes, not only common fusion products such as RUNX1‐RUX1T1 and KMT2A rearrangements, but also NUP98 rearrangements and rare fusion genes were observed. Among 177 patients (72 with unfit AML, 105 with R/R‐AML), mutations in KIT and WT1 were independent factors for overall survival (hazard ratio = 12.6 and 8.88, respectively), and patients with high variant allele frequency (≥40%) of TP53 mutations had a poor prognosis. As for the detection of actionable mutations, 38% (n = 69) of patients had useful genetic mutation (FLT3‐ITD/TKD, IDH1/2, and DNMT3AR822) for treatment selection. Comprehensive genomic profiling using paraffin‐embedded BM clot specimens successfully identified leukemic‐associated genes that can be used as therapeutic targets.
Accuracy of dental implant placement with or without the use of a dynamic navigation assisted system: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Jorba‐García Adrià , Bara‐Casaus Jose Javier , Camps‐Font Octavi , Sánchez‐Garcés Maria Ángeles , Figueiredo Rui , Valmaseda‐Castellón Eduard 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo assess dental implant placement accuracy with a dynamic computer‐assisted implant surgery (dCAIS) system and a freehand approach. Secondarily, to compare the patients' perception and quality of life (QoL) with the two approaches.MethodsA double‐arm randomized clinical trial was conducted. Consecutive partially edentulous patients were randomly allocated to the dCAIS or standard freehand approach groups. Implant placement accuracy was evaluated by overlapping the preoperative and postoperative Cone Beam Computer Tomographs (CBCT) and recording linear deviations at the implant apex and platform (in mm) and angular deviations (in degrees). Questionnaires recorded self‐reported satisfaction, pain and QoL during surgery and postoperatively.ResultsThirty patients (22 implants) were enrolled in each group. One patient was lost to follow‐up. A significant difference (p < .001) in mean angular deviation was found between the dCAIS (4.02°; 95% CI: 2.85 to 5.19) and the FH (7.97°; 95% CI: 5.36 to 10.58) groups. Linear deviations were significantly lower in the dCAIS group, except for the apex vertical deviation, where no differences were found. Although dCAIS took 14 min longer (95% CI: 6.43 to 21.24; p < .001), patients in both groups considered the surgical time acceptable. Postoperative pain and analgesic consumption during the first postoperative week were similar between groups and self‐reported satisfaction was very high.ConclusiondCAIS systems significantly increase the accuracy of implant placement in partially edentulous patients in comparison with the conventional freehand approach. However, they increase the surgical time significantly and do not seem to improve patient satisfaction or reduce postoperative pain.
The impact of the anastomotic configuration on low anterior resection syndrome 3 years after total mesorectal excision for rectal cancer: a national cohort study
Authors: Sandberg Sofia , Bock David , Lydrup Marie‐Louise , Park Jennifer , Rutegård Martin , Angenete Eva 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimAfter low anterior resection, the bowel can be anastomosed in different ways. It is not clear which configuration is optimal from a functional and complication point of view. The primary aim was to investigate the impact of the anastomotic configuration on bowel function evaluated by the low anterior resection syndrome (LARS) score. Secondarily, the impact on postoperative complications was evaluated.MethodAll patients who had undergone low anterior resection from 2015 to 2017 were identified in the Swedish Colorectal Cancer Registry. Three years after surgery, patients were sent an extensive questionnaire and were analysed based on anastomotic configuration (‘J‐pouch/side‐to‐end anastomosis’ or ‘straight anastomosis’). Inverse probability weighting by propensity score was used to adjust for confounding factors.ResultsAmong 892 patients, 574 (64%) responded, of whom 494 patients were analysed. After weighting, the anastomotic configuration had no significant impact on the LARS score (J‐pouch/side‐to‐end OR 1.05, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.82–1.34). The J‐pouch/side‐to‐end anastomosis was significantly associated with overall postoperative complications (OR 1.43, 95% CI 1.06–1.95). No significant difference was seen regarding surgical complications (OR 1.14, 95% CI 0.78–1.66).ConclusionThis is the first study investigating the impact of the anastomotic configuration on long‐term bowel function, evaluated by the LARS score, in an unselected national cohort. Our results suggested no benefit for J‐pouch/side‐to‐end anastomosis on long‐term bowel function and postoperative complication rates. The anastomotic strategy may be based upon the anatomical conditions of the patient and surgical preference.
Lactate trafficking inhibition restores sensitivity to proteasome inhibitors and orchestrates immuno‐microenvironment in multiple myeloma
Authors: Barbato Alessandro , Giallongo Cesarina , Giallongo Sebastiano , Romano Alessandra , Scandura Grazia , Concetta Saoca , Zuppelli Tatiana , Lolicato Marco , Lazzarino Giacomo , Parrinello Nunziatina , Del Fabro Vittorio , Fontana Paolo , Aguennoz M'hammed , Li Volti Giovanni , Palumbo Giuseppe A. , Di Raimondo Francesco , Tibullo Daniele 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMetabolic changes of malignant plasma cells (PCs) and adaptation to tumour microenvironment represent one of the hallmarks of multiple myeloma (MM). We previously showed that MM mesenchymal stromal cells are more glycolytic and produce more lactate than healthy counterpart. Hence, we aimed to explore the impact of high lactate concentration on metabolism of tumour PCs and its impact on the efficacy of proteasome inhibitors (PIs). Lactate concentration was performed by colorimetric assay on MM patient's sera. The metabolism of MM cell treated with lactate was assessed by seahorse and real time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Cytometry was used to evaluate mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mROS), apoptosis and mitochondrial depolarization. Lactate concentration resulted increased in MM patient's sera. Therefore, PCs were treated with lactate and we observed an increase of oxidative phosphorylation‐related genes, mROS and oxygen consumption rate. Lactate supplementation exhibited a significant reduction in cell proliferation and less responsive to PIs. These data were confirmed by pharmacological inhibition of monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1) by AZD3965 which was able to overcame metabolic protective effect of lactate against PIs. Consistently, high levels of circulating lactate caused expansion of Treg and monocytic myeloid derived suppressor cells and such effect was significantly reduced by AZD3965. Overall, these findings showed that targeting lactate trafficking in TME inhibits metabolic rewiring of tumour PCs, lactate‐dependent immune evasion and thus improving therapy efficacy.
Prevalence of sleep apnoea in patients with type 1 diabetes and its association with comorbidities and diabetic complications: A French nationwide prospective study
Authors: Pépin Jean‐Louis , Bailly Sébastien , Texereau Joelle B. , Sonnet Emmanuel , Picard Sylvie , Vergès Bruno , Coffin Boutreux Christine , Arnault Ouary Gwenaelle , Kessler Laurence , Guerci Bruno , Anton Kuchly Brigitte , Fendri Gaied Salha , Cuperlier Alain , Voinot Christel , Derrien Christèle , Dubois Séverine , Lavergne Florent , Borel Anne Laure , Tamisier Renaud , Benhamou Pierre‐Yves 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimTo investigate sleep apnoea prevalence, factors influencing severity, and associations between sleep apnoea severity and micro‐/macrovascular complications in a large population of patients with type 1 diabetes.Materials and methodsThis French multicentre prospective cohort study was conducted between July 2016 and June 2020. Adults with type 1 diabetes using an insulin pump were eligible. Home care provider nurses collected demographic and clinical data and set up oximetry to determine the oxygen desaturation index (ODI). No, mild–moderate and severe sleep apnoea were defined as ODI <15 events/h, 15 to <30 events/h and ≥30 events/h, respectively. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify factors associated with sleep apnoea, and associations between sleep apnoea severity and micro‐/macrovascular complications were determined using logistic regression.ResultsOf 769 participants, 12.4% and 3.4% had mild‐to‐moderate or severe sleep apnoea, respectively. Factors significantly associated with sleep apnoea on multivariate analysis were age, sex, body mass index (BMI) and hypertension. After adjustment for age, sex and BMI, presence of severe sleep apnoea was significantly associated with macrovascular complications (odds ratio vs. no sleep apnoea: 3.96 [95% confidence interval 1.43‐11.11]; P < 0.01), while mild‐to‐moderate sleep apnoea was significantly associated with presence of diabetic retinopathy (odds ratio 2.09 [95% confidence interval 1.10‐3.74]; P < 0.01).ConclusionSleep apnoea is a significant comorbidity in patients with type 1 diabetes, especially with respect to diabetic complications. This highlights the need for sleep apnoea screening and management in these individuals.