bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Circular Economy Approach for Treatment of Water-Containing Diclofenac Using Recyclable Magnetic Fe3o4 Nanoparticles: A Case Study of Real Water Sample from Lake Victoria
Authors: Shehu Zaccheus , Nyakairu George William Atwoki , Tebandeke Emmanuel , Odume Oghenekaro Nelson 
Published: August 2023

Aims: A circular economy is a concept that aims to create a sustainable future by reducing waste and promoting the reuse of resources. In the field of water treatment, this concept has been applied through the use of recyclable materials to remove pollutants from water.
Place and Duration of Study: In this study, we investigated the use of recyclable magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles to remove diclofenac from a water sample from Lake Victoria. The water sample was collected once to test the application of recyclable magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles in real environmental samples.
Methodology: The nanoparticles were synthesized using a coprecipitation method and characterized using various techniques, including SEM/EDX, XRD, MPMS, ImageJ, and Solid addition method for PZC determination. The removal of diclofenac experiments was designed by response surface methodology.
Results: The optimal conditions for diclofenac removal were pH 2, concentration 500 ug/L, contact time 60 minutes, and adsorbent dose 50 mg with a removal percentage of 69.95%. The reusability of the Fe3O4 nanoparticles was evaluated for three cycles, with removal percentages of 69.95%, 60%, and 41.6% for the first, second, and third cycles, respectively. This characteristic aligns with the principles of the circular economy, promoting resource conservation and waste reduction. The nanoparticles were also tested on a real water sample from Lake Victoria, resulting in 100% removal of diclofenac.
Conclusion: This finding suggests that the Fe3O4 nanoparticles can be adopted for drinking water treatment in the East African community, addressing the issue of pharmaceutical contamination in water bodies.
Trends in Epidemiology of Esophageal Cancer in the US, 1975-2018
Authors: Rodriguez Gladys M. , DePuy Dylan , Aljehani Mayada , Bien Jeffrey , Lee Jerry S. H. , Wang David H. , Lin Albert Y. 
Published: August 2023

ImportanceEsophageal cancer (EC) is the 7th most common cancer worldwide and 14th in the US. More data are needed to study the changing incidence patterns of its 2 primary histologic subtypes, squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus (SCE) and adenocarcinoma of the esophagus (ACE).ObjectiveTo examine temporal trends in incidence rates of EC, ACE, and SCE from 1975 through 2018.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsIn this population-based cross-sectional study, data were derived from 9 Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) registries from January 1975 through December 2018 and from all 21 registries for January 2000 through December 2018 for patients with a diagnosis of EC from 1975 through 2018 (International Classification of Disease—Oncology, Third Edition codes). Age-adjusted incidence rates (AAIRs) of EC, ACE, and SCE were calculated. The timing and magnitude of the annual percentage change (APC) in incidence were examined using Joinpoint regression analyses. Data analysis was started in 2021 and updated and completed in 2023.Main Outcome and MeasuresThe APC for age-adjusted EC incidence rates as stratified by histology, anatomical location, stage, sex, age, race and ethnicity, and geographic region.ResultsA total of 47 648 patients with a diagnosis of EC were retained for analysis. These included 22 419 (47.1%) with a diagnosis of SCE, 22 217 (46.6%) with ACE, and 3012 (6.3%) with other subtypes. The AAIR for EC changed from 4.14 per 100 000 population in 1975 to 4.18 in 2018, AAIRs of SCE declined from 3.06 in 1975 to 1.15 in 2018 as well as for ACE, and AAIRs increased from 0.42 in 1975 to 2.78 in 2018. From 1975 through 2004, EC incidence significantly increased (APC, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.4 to 0.7) but significantly decreased (APC, −1.03; 95% CI, −1.3 to −0.7) from then until 2018. The APC of SCE significantly continued to decline (−2.80, 95% CI, −3.0 to −2.6), and ACE increased from 2000 to 2006 (APC, 2.51; 95% CI, 1.0 to 4.0) but has since stabilized from 2006 to 2018.Conclusions and RelevanceThe results of this cross-sectional study suggest that the incidence of EC modestly declined since 2004 and that the incidence of SCE continued to decline while the incidence rate of ACE plateaued for more than a decade. Understanding factors associated with plateaued rates of ACE may help inform public health interventions.
Frequency of Biopsy and Tumor Grade Before vs After Introduction of Prostate Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Robinson David , Abdulkareem Rafid , Nasrollah Delshad , Ljung Anders , Hintze Per , Wallby Sara , Ståhlbrandt Henriettæ , Frennvall Thorun , Styrke Johan , Stattin Pär , Garmo Hans 
Published: August 2023

ImportanceIn randomized clinical trials (RCTs), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) before prostate biopsy has been associated with fewer biopsies, decreased detection of Gleason score 6 cancers, and increased detection of Gleason score 7 or higher cancers.ObjectiveTo study whether MRI of the prostate before the decision to biopsy is associated with biopsy frequency and distribution of Gleason score in clinical practice.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis is a retrospective, population-based cohort study of men in Jönköping Region, Sweden. Men with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level measured between November 2011 and 2020 were monitored until January 31, 2021. Men with known prostate cancer were excluded. Data analysis was performed from July to December 2022.ExposuresData on repeated PSA measures, prostate biopsies, and MRI prostate were extracted from health care records, and cancer characteristics were obtained from The National Prostate Cancer Register.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe proportions of men who underwent prostate biopsy and risk of Gleason score 6 or Gleason score 7 or higher cancer and negative biopsy before and after introduction of MRI were calculated.ResultsIn this cohort study of 23 802 men (mean [SD] age, 60.8 [13.6] years) who underwent PSA testing, when the use of MRI increased, fewer biopsies were performed (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 0.84; 95% CI, 0.72-0.97) and the odds of detecting Gleason score 6 cancer decreased (OR, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.33-0.64), whereas the odds of detecting Gleason score 7 or higher cancer increased (OR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.02-1.50).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this study, the introduction of MRI to clinical practice was associated with a decreased proportion of men who underwent a biopsy and decreased detection of Gleason score 6 cancer but increased detection of Gleason score 7 or higher cancer. These clinical data support the use of prostate MRI before biopsy in an effort to avoid unnecessary biopsies.
Periodic vertigo and downbeat nystagmus while supine: Dysfunction of Purkinje cells coding gravity
Authors: Lee Byeongcheon , Kim Min‐Ku , Yun So‐Yeon , Lee Eek‐Sung , Kim Hyo‐Jung , Choi Jeong‐Yoon , Kim Ji‐Soo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCerebellar nodulus and uvula and their connections with the vestibular nuclei form the so‐called velocity‐storage circuit. Lesions involving the velocity‐storage circuit give rise to positional vertigo and nystagmus. Herein, we present a 32‐year‐old man with cerebellar nodulus and uvular hemorrhage who showed periodic vertigo and downbeat nystagmus in the supine position. To explain this unusual pattern, we adopted velocity‐storage model with a lesion on the neural connection between the gravity and inertia estimators, resulting in periodic neural impulses and a gravity bias in a specific position. This report expands the spectrum of central positional nystagmus due to dysfunction of the velocity‐storage mechanism.
Defining Mitochondrial Cristae Morphology Changes Induced by Aging in Brown Adipose Tissue
Authors: Crabtree Amber , Neikirk Kit , Marshall Andrea G. , Vang Larry , Whiteside Aaron J. , Williams Qiana , Altamura Christopher T. , Owens Trinity Celeste , Stephens Dominique , Shao Bryanna , Koh Alice , Killion Mason , Lopez Edgar Garza , Lam Jacob , Rodriguez Ben , Mungai Margaret , Stanley Jade , Dean E. Danielle , Koh Ho‐Jin , Gaddy Jennifer A. , Scudese Estevão , Sweetwyne Mariya T. , Davis Jamaine , Zaganjor Elma , Murray Sandra A. , Katti Prasanna , Damo Steven M. , Vue Zer , Hinton Antentor 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMitochondria are required for energy production and even give brown adipose tissue (BAT) its characteristic color due to their high iron content and abundance. The physiological function and bioenergetic capacity of mitochondria are connected to the structure, folding, and organization of its inner‐membrane cristae. During the aging process, mitochondrial dysfunction is observed, and the regulatory balance of mitochondrial dynamics is often disrupted, leading to increased mitochondrial fragmentation in aging cells. Therefore, it is hypothesized that significant morphological changes in BAT mitochondria and cristae will be present with aging. A quantitative 3D electron microscopy approach is developed to map cristae network organization in mouse BAT to test this hypothesis. Using this methodology, the 3D morphology of mitochondrial cristae is investigated in adult (3‐month) and aged (2‐year) murine BAT tissue via serial block face‐scanning electron microscopy (SBF‐SEM) and 3D reconstruction software for manual segmentation, analysis, and quantification. Upon investigation, an increase is found in mitochondrial volume, surface area, and complexity and decreased sphericity in aged BAT, alongside significant decreases in cristae volume, area, perimeter, and score. Overall, these data define the nature of the mitochondrial structure in murine BAT across aging.
Powering the Future: A Critical Review of Research Progress in Enhancing Stability of High‐Efficiency Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Wu Maoheng , Ma Bing , Li Sunsun , Han Jingquan , Zhao Wenchao 
Published: August 2023

AbstractOrganic solar cells (OSCs) are a promising photovoltaic technology that employs organic semiconductor material as the photoactive layer, which has the unique advantages of light weight, large‐area flexible fabrication, low‐cost, and semitransparent. In recent years, the performance of OSCs has been significantly improved, and the highest power conversion efficiency has exceeded 19%. Despite the tremendous progress in OSCs, the major bottleneck in realizing the commercialization of OSCs is the device stability. Therefore, reviewing the recent research progress on the stability of high‐performance OSCs is urgent and necessary. This review discusses the factors limiting device lifetime, such as metastable morphology, air, irradiation, heat, and mechanical stresses. Additionally, this review presents the research progress over the last 5 years, focusing on enhancing device stability from the perspective of photoactive layers and other functional layers, which includes material design and device engineering, such as solid additives, device fabrication, optimizing buffer layers, using stable electrodes, and encapsulation. Lastly, this review explores current commercialization challenges and prospects, including using advanced machine learning techniques to assist experimental research.
Wireless, Flexible, Ionic, Perspiration‐Rate Sensor System with Long‐Time and High Sweat Volume Functions Toward Early‐Stage, Real‐Time Detection of Dehydration
Authors: Honda Satoko , Tanaka Ryuki , Matsumura Guren , Seimiya Naruhito , Takei Kuniharu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFlexible sensors that can be attached to the body to collect vital data wirelessly enable real‐time, early‐stage diagnosis for human health management. Wearable sweat sensors have received considerable attention for real‐time physiological monitoring. Unlike conventional methods that require blood‐drawing in a clinic, sweat analyses may enable noninvasive tracking of health conditions for early‐stage diagnosis. Even though a variety of studies to monitor metabolites and other substances have been conducted, automatic, continuous, long‐term, simultaneous monitoring of perspiration rate and electrolytes, which are important parameters in dehydration, has yet to be achieved because of challenges related to sensor design. Here a wireless, wearable, integrated, microfluidic sensor system that can continuously measure these parameters in real‐time for prolonged periods are presented. The proposed sensors are systematically characterized, and machine learning is used to predict device tilt angle to calibrate sensor output signals. Using the sensor design to form a water droplet in a fluidic channel, high‐volume perspiration rate is continuously monitored for more than 7000 s (total sweat volume >170 µL). By testing 10 subjects, physiological responses to ingestion of a sports drink are confirmed by measuring perspiration rhythm changes extracted from real‐time, continuous sweat impedance and rate.
Fn‐HMGB1 Adsorption Behavior Initiates Early Immune Recognition and Subsequent Osteoinduction of Biomaterials
Authors: Zhao Qin , Zhao Zifan , Zhang Jing , Ni Yueqi , Ouyang Simin , Qi Haoning , Yu Yiqian , Miron Richard J. , Tang Hua , Zhang Yufeng 
Published: August 2023

AbstractImplantable biomaterials are widely used in bone tissue engineering, but little is still known about how they initiate early immune recognition and the initial dynamics. Herein, the early immune recognition and subsequent osteoinduction of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) after implantation to the protein adsorption behavior is attributed. By liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC‒MS/MS) analysis, the biomaterial‐related molecular patterns (BAMPs) formed after BCP implantation are mapped, dominated by the highly expressed extracellular matrix protein fibronectin (Fn) and the high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1). Molecular dynamics simulations show that Fn has the ability to bind more readily to the BCP surface than HMGB1. The preferential binding of Fn provides a higher adsorption energy for HMGB1. Furthermore, multiple hydrogen bonding sites between HMGB1 and Fn are demonstrated using a molecular docking approach. Ultimately, the formation of BAMPs through HMGB1 antagonist glycyrrhizic acid (GA), resulting in impaired immune recognition of myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MYD88) mediated dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages (Mφs), as well as failed osteoinduction processes is obstructed. This study introduces a mechanism for early immune recognition of implant materials based on protein adsorption, providing perspectives for future design and application of tissue engineering materials.
Dual‐Targeting Nanoliposome Improves Proinflammatory Immunomodulation of the Tumor Microenvironment
Authors: Gu Zili , da Silva Candido G. , Ma Sen , Liu Qi , Schomann Timo , Ossendorp Ferry , Cruz Luis J. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractImmunotherapies targeting immune checkpoints have revolutionized cancer treatment by normalizing the immunosuppressive microenvironment of tumors and reducing adverse effects on the immune system. Indoleamine 2,3‐dioxygenase (IDO) inhibitors have garnered attention as a promising therapeutic agent for cancer. However, their application alone has shown limited clinical benefits. Cabozantinib, a multitarget tyrosine kinase inhibitor, holds immunomodulatory potential by promoting infiltration and activation of effector cells and inhibiting suppressive immune cells. Despite its potential, cabozantinib as a monotherapy has shown limited efficacy in terms of objective response rate. In this study, IDO‐IN‐7 and cabozantinib are coencapsulated into liposomes to enhance tumor accumulation and minimize adverse effects. The liposomal combination exhibits potent cytotoxicity and inhibits the function of IDO enzyme. Furthermore, the dual‐targeted treatment effectively inhibits tumor development and reverses the suppressive tumor microenvironment by regulating both adaptive and innate branch of immune system. This is evidenced by pronounced infiltration of T cells and B cells, a decrease of regulatory T lymphocytes, a shift to a proinflammatory phenotype of tumor‐associated macrophages, and increases levels of neutrophils. This is the first developed of a liposome‐delivered combination of IDO inhibitors and cabozantinib, and holds great potential for future clinical application as a promising anticancer strategy.
A Bionic Skin for Health Management: Excellent Breathability, In Situ Sensing, and Big Data Analysis
Authors: Shi Shuo , Ming Yang , Wu Hanbai , Zhi Chuanwei , Yang Liangtao , Meng Shuo , Si Yifan , Wang Dong , Fei Bin , Hu Jinlian 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDeveloping an intelligent wearable system is of great significance to human health management. An ideal health‐monitoring patch should possess key characteristics such as high air permeability, moisture‐wicking function, high sensitivity, and a comfortable user experience. However, such a patch that encompasses all these functions is rarely reported. Herein, an intelligent bionic skin patch for health management is developed by integrating bionic structures, nano‐welding technology, flexible circuit design, multifunctional sensing functions, and big data analysis using advanced electrospinning technology. By controlling the preparation of nanofibers and constructing bionic secondary structures, the resulting nanofiber membrane closely resembles human skin, exhibiting excellent air/moisture permeability, and one‐side sweat‐wicking properties. Additionally, the bionic patch is endowed with a high‐precision signal acquisition capabilities for sweat metabolites, including glucose, lactic acid, and pH; skin temperature, skin impedance, and electromyographic signals can be precisely measured through the in situ sensing electrodes and flexible circuit design. The achieved intelligent bionic skin patch holds great potential for applications in health management systems and rehabilitation engineering management. The design of the smart bionic patch not only provides high practical value for health management but also has great theoretical value for the development of the new generation of wearable electronic devices.
Reversed Electron Transfer in Dual Single Atom Catalyst for Boosted Photoreduction of CO2
Authors: Zhang Yanzhao , Johannessen Bernt , Zhang Peng , Gong Jinlong , Ran Jingrun , Qiao Shi‐Zhang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPhotogenerated charge localization on material surfaces significantly affects photocatalytic performance, especially for multi‐electron CO2 reduction. Dual single atom (DSA) catalysts with flexibly designed reactive sites have received significant research attention for CO2 photoreduction. However, the charge transfer mechanism in DSA catalysts remains poorly understood. Here, for the first time, a reversed electron transfer mechanism on Au and Co DSA catalysts is reported. In situ characterizations confirm that for CdS nanoparticles (NPs) loaded with Co or Au single atoms, photogenerated electrons are localized around the single atom of Co or Au. In DSA catalysts, however, electrons are delocalized from Au and accumulate around Co atoms. Importantly, combined advanced spectroscopic findings and theoretical computation evidence that this reversed electron transfer in Au/Co DSA boosts charge redistribution and activation of CO2 molecules, leading to highly significantly increased photocatalytic CO2 reduction, for example, Au/Co DSA loaded CdS exhibits, respectively, ≈2800% and 700% greater yields for CO and CH4 compared with that for CdS alone. Reversed electron transfer in DSA can be used for practical design for charge redistribution and to boost photoreduction of CO2. Findings will be of benefit to researchers and manufacturers in DSA‐loaded catalysts for the generation of solar fuels.
High Performance Triboelectric Nanogenerators from Compostable Cellulose‐Biodegradable Poly(Butylene Succinate) Composites
Authors: Lapčinskis Linards , Ģērmane Līva , Platnieks Oskars , Krikovs Artis , Gaidukovs Sergejs , Pudzs Kaspars , Linarts Artis , Sherrell Peter C. , Šutka Andris 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTriboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) devices are exemplar systems for mechanical‐to‐electrical energy conversion due to their simplicity and promising performance. However, little attention has been paid to recycling or reusing TENG devices. Indeed, most TENG devices are based on non‐biodegradable polymers, and thus end up in a landfill. Developing biodegradable triboelectric materials is crucial to mitigate negative environmental impacts from their growing use, however, it is challenging to identify such a materials that generate an applicable charge. Herein, such a biodegradable polymer triboelectric pair is demonstrated, by combining poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) films with microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) filler. A power density of 143 mW m−2and a charge density of 1.36 nC cm−2is measured when contacting pristine PBS with 70 wt% MCC/PBS composite film, which is comparable to polydimethylsiloxane‐based TENGs under identical testing conditions. These devices are shown to degrade via composting at 58 °C over 70 days, enabling long‐term (>10 000 cycle) performance and degradation upon disposal. It is suggested that this approach can be extended to control triboelectric properties for other biodegradable polymers. The technology and concepts developed herein directly address the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals for Responsible Consumption & Production and Affordable and Clean Energy.
In Situ Gas Analysis by Differential Electrochemical Mass Spectrometry for Advanced Rechargeable Batteries: A Review
Authors: Kim Suji , Kim Hyun‐Soo , Kim Boran , Kim You‐Jin , Jung Ji‐Won , Ryu Won‐Hee 
Published: August 2023

AbstractLithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) and beyond‐LIB systems exhibit properties that are determined by electrochemical reactions occurring in their four essential components—the cathode, anode, electrolyte, and separator. Advanced analytical methods such as differential electrochemical mass spectrometry (DEMS) can assist in understanding the electrochemical behavior, which can help in advancing battery technologies. Recent studies have shown that the DEMS‐enabled real‐time gas analysis of electrochemical reactions can provide valuable information on aspects such as gaseous reactants or (side) products, which cannot be obtained appropriately through other characterization techniques. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the latest developments and advancements in the use of DEMS as a rapid, operando gas‐monitoring method for advanced rechargeable battery systems. Moreover, the significance of DEMS in current and future battery development is also discussed and insights are provided into the various battery chemistries that can benefit from DEMS applications. This review is intended to help readers understand the potential of DEMS to drive innovation in the battery industry.