bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Numerical Evaluation on Effects of Upstream Sand-Dune-Shaped Ramp and Backward Coolant Injection on Heat Transfer
Authors: Deng Yanni , Yu Liang , Huang Ying , Zhang Shengchang 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Numerical simulations are performed for the forward and backward injection film cooling with the presence of upstream ramp under three typical blowing ratios of 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5. Totally nine film cooling configurations are taken into considerations in the current study, where two ramps (straight-wedge-shaped ramp (SWR) and sand-dune-shaped ramp (SDR)), two coolant injection modes (forward injection (FW) and backward injection (BW)), and two film-hole shapes (cylindrical hole (CH) and fan-shaped hole (FH)) are involved. From the current study, the effects of coolant injection scheme and upstream ramp on the film cooling performance are evaluated in the viewing of the heat transfer. Based on the numerical results, it is demonstrated that a wide high net heat flux reduction (NHFR) zone is created in the forward injection cases at M(the blowing ratio)=0.5, but it is shrunk or disappeared rapidly at M=1.5, except the FH-FW-SDR case. While for the backward injection case, two high heat flux reduction zones are generated around the hole exit where the separate bubbles locate, and it remains even at M=1.5. Among the current cases, the FH-FW-SDR is demonstrated to be the best one for achieving the highest NHFR under the all three blowing ratios. With regard to the coolant injection scheme, its influence on heat transfer coefficient is more complicated, tightly associated with the blowing ratio, film-hole shape and the upstream ramp.
Study of low-level pool boiling in vapor chamber of wickless micro-heat pipe based on Lattice Boltzmann pseudopotential method—Effects of superheat and wall wettability
Authors: Xiong Shalong , Du Yanping , Wu Rui 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The lattice Boltzmann method, a mesoscopic numerical method with a solid kinetic basis, is used to establish a low-level pool boiling model to exhibit the transport phenomena inside an evaporation chamber of a wickless micro heat pipe using DI water as the working fluid. The effects of wall superheat and wall wettability on bubbles’ nucleation, growth, and detachment in the evaporation chamber were compared and analysed. Moreover, the influence of the wall superheat on the thermal performance of the micro heat pipe was specifically examined. It is found that the low-level pool boiling occurs with a wall superheat that is higher than 0.357T
c, indicating a high heat flux for heat removal. Interestingly, when the relatively hydrophobic chamber wall is superheated by 0.46T
c, there are more nucleation sites, and the complete bubbles cycle containing nucleation, growth, and detachment is longer. In contrast, on a hydrophilic surface under the same and sufficient superheat condition, the number of bubble nucleation sites is less than that on the hydrophobic surface, and the complete cycle of bubbles is shorter. It is worth mentioning that the model has values for predictions of homogeneous nucleation of bubbles and thermal transport on hydrophobic or hydrophilic surfaces.
Comparison of different models for gravitational and electromagnetic radiation of binary neutron star mergers
Authors: Sun Boyang 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The neutron star binary merger is one of the most energetic phenomena in our Universe. Based on the calculation of gravitational radiation (GR) with the separate consideration of revolution and stellar rotation, and electromagnetic radiation (ER) with unipolar induction DC circuit model and magnetic dipole model, the results are compared to analyse the extent to which the stellar rotation will affect the total gravitational radiation power. Besides, the relationships between radiation power and the related parameters (e.g., orbital radius and stellar mass) are investigated. Furthermore, the feasibility of different types of binary star merger as the progenitor of fast radio bursts and gamma-ray bursts were studied based on the two models of ER, obtaining that binary neutron star and neutron star-white dwarf systems are among the possible progenitors. Finally, the radiation power of both GR and ER are compared under the same conditions. According to the results, the energy dissipation of the system is dominated by gravitational radiation. These results shed lights on further studies on the radiation processes of binary neutron star mergers and binary star systems.
Main Sequence and Quenching of Star Formation based on Simulations from IllustrisTNG
Authors: Zhou Xinen 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Star formation plays a crucial role in the field of astrophysics and cosmology. In this paper, the simulation IllustrisTNG is used to recreate the main sequence of star-formation, which explored the relation between the mass of as well as the star-formation rate (SFR). Graphs of different redshifts were investigated based on ordinary least square linear regression fitting, where the trend of star formation main sequence is seen. The slopes and y-intercepts will be discussed regarding the main sequence of star formation, which has already been proved by different researchers in the past few years. However, unlike the main sequence of star formation, the quenching process still doesn’t have a proper explanation. Nevertheless, in this paper, star formation quenching was shown in the images and a possible solution to star formation quenching is proposed. Overall, these results offer a new insight toward star formation quenching and offer a guideline for future investigation in terms of star formation.
Black hole growth at early universe: impact of angular momentum of supplied gas
Authors: liu Chenyu , Qiu Jingzhou 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Over the past decade, more and more high-redshift quasars with >108 solar-mass black holes (BHs) are observed. These high-mass BHs challenge the BH growth model, and require massive seed BH at redshift 35. In this work, we investigate the growth of high-redshift BHs, with a focus on the impact of angular momentum of surrounding supplied gas. We find that, for the observed 109 solar-mass BH, its seed BH at z=35 should be fairly massive. Applications of our work to the formation channel of seed BH are discussed.
Simulation study on active cavitation suppression for a typical hydrofoil
Authors: Wang Yun , Dong Liang , Wu Jianwei , Li Zhijian , Wang Wei 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
An active cavitation suppression structure with jet holes on its surface is proposed for a typical hydrofoil (NACA66 MOD). Based on the homogeneous equilibrium model and the Zwart-Gerber-Belamri cavitation model, the cavitation characteristics around the hydrofoil before and after jet holes are provided on hydrofoil surface at a typical operating condition are investigated through simulation. Simulation results show that the jet holes on hydrofoil surface are capable of regulating and controlling the cavitation flow field, and to a certain extent, the jet holes on hydrofoil suction surface inhibit the development and shedding of cavitation. Four groups of different jet flow rates are set up, and it is found that with the increase of jet flow rate, the cavitation suppression effect gradually increases, and the lift-to-drag ratio gradually decreases. The research shows that the jet can achieve a cavitation suppression effect of 69.35% under the premise of ensuring that the range of hydrodynamic performance does not exceed 5%. By coupling the distribution of cavitation shape, re-entrant jet and pressure field of a hydrofoil with fluid flowing around and studying the periodic change of flow field, the mechanism of the jet to suppress cavitation is analyzed.
Analysis of flow resistance characteristics of solenoid valve based on numerical simulation
Authors: Wu Zhengjiang , Xia Wei , Fan Yuexia , Li Chenhui , Zeng Baoping 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Flow resistance characteristic is an important parameter in the design of solenoid valve. It not only affects the determination of structural parameters of valve, but also plays a decisive role in the selection of control method of valve. In this paper, the flow resistance characteristic curve of the solenoid valve is obtained based on a 3D steady-state CFD simulation.
Research in Velocity Profile and Pressure Distribution in 2D Conduit Flow with Stagger Arranged liquid separator blocks
Authors: Ou Feiyang 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This work uses ANSYS Fluent commercial software to develop a pipe liquid separator model with inside staggered arranged diamond-rectangular shaped blocks for liquid separating. This model serves to liquid separating process in large diameter pipes. All computations are conducted under laminar flow with 200 iterations, and the residues are constantly monitored to ensure accuracy. Two different block sizes and two different inlet velocities are tested for comparison and analysis. Streamline plots and pressure contours are plotted and analyzed for separating performance and pressure drop. The model works well on separating for any combination of inlet velocity and block size. Velocity does not influence performance a lot, but larger blocks have better performance. The pressure drop is significant in these models. Increasing velocity or block size would greatly increase pressure drop, which means the model may work at low velocity for a pressure-sensitive environment. The fitted math relationship between parameters is not fully analyzed and could be developed in future work.
Underway Conductivity-Temperature-Depth profiler system cable force analysis and vortex vibration phenomenon research
Authors: Du Libin , Liu Chen , Liu Jie , Gao Ding 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In order to analyze the vibration response of the traveling temperature salt depth system cable at a certain velocity, its stress and fracture stress are analyzed. Based on the ANSYS Workbench platform, a numerical simulation model of two-dimensional underwater cable vortex induced vibration is built using the fluid structure coupling calculation method. Six groups of different speeds, including 1kn, 3kn, 6kn, 9kn, 12kn and 15kn, are selected for the ship’s sailing speed, and the vortex induced vibration response of the cable is numerically simulated and analyzed. The simulation results of lift, drag coefficient, eddy viscosity and velocity change provide a certain research basis for studying the influence of the vibration response of the cable of the traveling temperature salt depth system on the underwater detection system.
Experimental study on Velocity Distribution in Rod Bundle Channels under Flow Fluctuation
Authors: Li Xing , Wang Hui , Wang Qianglong , Qiu Jinrong , Tan Sichao 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Thermal-hydraulic behaviors within a PWR fuel assembly is very complex under accident conditions and marine conditions, which has a significant impact on reactor safety. It is crucial to carry out studies on thermal-hydraulic properties under transient conditions. A telecentric lens and a pulse signal generator are applied to improve the performance of PIV system, a high temporal and spatial resolution measurement for flow fields in rod bundle channels is achieved, the velocity distribution in rod bundles are obtained under accelerating flows and decelerating flows. The steady-state flow field is measured to use as a reference, the effect of flow fluctuations on the flow fields in the rod bundle is analyzed. The results present, the accelerating flows improve the velocity gradient between adjacent flow layers in rod bundles and weaken the lateral velocity. In the contrary, the decelerating flows weaken the velocity gradient between flow layers in rod bundles and improve lateral velocity. Conversely, the velocity gradient attenuates in decelerating flows between the rod beam layers and increases the lateral velocity. During the accident, the thermal-hydraulic behavior in the reactor has the characteristics of transient complexity and uncertainty. Studying the flow and heat transfer characteristics of the reactor core fuel assembly under accident conditions can improve a understanding for the accident development process.
A method for calculating the void fraction of two-phase leakage ports of storage tanks
Authors: Ma Jiajia , Hua Min 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The problem of leakage of superheated liquids such as LPG, LNG, LCG and AML is widely valued in the process industry. The key to superheated liquid storage and transportation is to prevent cracks due to unexpected situations such as tank overpressure, pipe corrosion and violent collisions. When the tank wall ruptures, the air pressure inside the tank drops sharply and a violent phase change occurs in the degraded liquid inside the tank to maintain energy balance. The liquid instantly evaporates into a gas, releasing a huge amount of energy to form a flash, and this leakage can lead to violent phase changes and two-phase flash jets containing large amounts of liquid droplets and steam, and further lead to major safety accidents such as fires, explosions and the spread of toxic substances. In this work, the pressure drop in the tank during a leak and the phase change at the leak caused by the pressure change at the orifice are investigated through theoretical analysis and experiments. Based on the ideal gas equation of state, mass conservation, gas-liquid non-slip and thermodynamic equilibrium, the pressure drop inside the tank and the phase change at the orifice during the whole leakage process are modelled and validated, and the results show that the model is in good agreement.
Bubble formation by shearing-to-squeezing transition in a T-junction
Authors: Han Yu 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
A shearing-to-squeezing transition process for bubble formation in a T-junction was reported using microscopy and digital image technology. The investigations were conducted in a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) T-junction. According to the aspect ratio of air slug and bubble generation frequency, the bubbles generated in the microchannel were identified to three types, namely dispersed bubble, short-slug bubble and long-slug bubble. The corresponding modes of bubble formation were identified as shearing, transition and squeezing modes, respectively. Additionally, the microbubble size and generation frequency with various gas pressures and velocity of liquid flows in each mode were investigated. The relevant dimensional arguments were performed to characterize the microbubble formation process in the T-junction. A new scaling law, based on the formation mechanisms, was proposed to predict the size of the microbubbles and showed a good agreement with the experimental results.
A CFD-based study of twin-screw expander performance and inlet structure optimization
Authors: Lin Shuai 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Twin-screw expanders are widely used for small to medium-sized organic Rankine cycle (ORC) power generation. In order to improve the performance of twin-screw expanders in ORC, this study aims to improve the inlet efficiency and reduce the inlet pressure loss by changing the geometry of the inlet and shell. The CFD transient simulation is used to study the pressure, gas flow conditions and other parameters in the working chamber that are not easily obtained through experiments. The effects of improved size, speed, pressure ratio and internal volume ratio on the performance of the expander are analyzed based on the results. The results show that for the three expanders with different internal volume ratios, the optimized expander power and filling factor increases by 2%-14%. Isentropic efficiency of the expander reaches a maximum value of 0.73 when the pressure ratio is slightly greater than the internal volume ratio.
Simulation and Field-Based Study of Thermal Performance of a Building - A Case Study
Authors: Malesh S , Kamal G , Yaman J , Bivek B 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Concerns about building thermal performance and energy consumption are fast growing as they account for roughly 40% of worldwide annual energy use. Building construction in Nepal is controlled by the National Building Codes (NBC), which focus solely on structural considerations and ignore thermal behaviour. As a result, housing tends to be too much warm and too cold during summer and winter respectively due to the lack of passive heating and cooling mechanisms considered during the construction phase. The Thakle Integrated Settle (TIS), built by the Department of Urban Development and Building Construction (DUDBC) under the National Reconstruction Authority and supported by Oxfam Nepal, was the subject of this research. The building’s performance in the chosen location was analysed using a field and TRNSY simulation-based technique. Using meteorological data from Meteonorm software, the TRNSYS model was created to examine the performance in terms of internal air temperature and heating/cooling load of two buildings with different orientations, e.g., North-East (NE) and South-West (SW). According to simulation results, there is a heating demand that covers roughly 37% of the year, while cooling and comfort conditions were 32% and 31%, respectively. For NE and SW-facing buildings, heating demand was 4.10 MWh and 4.07 MWh, while cooling demand was 1.302 MWh and 1.309 MWh respectively.
Evaluation of mechanical and tribological behavior of galvanized, galvalume and polyurethane-coated steel sheets
Authors: Yadav Muralidhar , Saha Jayanta Kumar , Ghosh Swarup Kumar 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The current study is performed on three coated steel sheets to evaluate their mechanical and tribological properties. The optical micrograph reveals the dark pearlite structure in the ferrite matrix, whereas the grain size analysis reveals the 4.07 μm mean grain size of the ferrite. The scratch hardness test reveals better scratch-resistant properties for all three experimental samples. The Nanoscratch test reveals a decrease in friction with increasing load from 50 mN to 150 mN for the colour-coated samples. The tensile study shows higher YS and UTS values (410 MPa and 450 MPa, respectively) for the galvalume sample, followed by galvanized and colour-coated steel. In contrast, a higher ductility (~33%) is observed for the colour-coated sample, followed by galvanized and galvalume samples. It is evident and appropriate from the dry heat resistance test that all three steel sheets, viz. galvalume, galvanised and colour coated sheet, can withstand 120 °C of heat for 24 h. So, all the samples show improved heat resistance properties. Taber abrasion resistance test results reveal that the colour-coated sample shows improved abrasion resistance due to the polyurethane coating followed by galvalume and galvanized steel samples.
High-sensitive troponin T and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide independently predict survival and cardiac-related events in adults with congenital heart disease
Authors: Willinger Laura , Brudy Leon , Häcker Anna-Luisa , Meyer Michael , Hager Alfred , Oberhoffer-Fritz Renate , Ewert Peter , Müller Jan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Aims
High-sensitive troponin T (hs-TnT), N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), and C-reactive protein (CRP) are established prognostic biomarkers for cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality and frequently used in symptomatic and/or hospitalized adults with congenital heart disease (ACHD). Their prognostic value in clinically stable ACHD has not yet been well established. This study investigates the predictive value of hs-TnT, NT-proBNP, and CRP for survival and CV events in stable ACHD.

Methods and results
In this prospective cohort study, 495 outpatient ACHD (43.9 ± 10.0 years, 49.1% female) underwent venous blood sampling including hs-TnT, NT-proBNP, and CRP. Patients were followed up for survival status and the occurrence of CV events. Survival analyses were performed with Cox proportional hazards regression analysis and Kaplan–Meier curves. During a mean follow-up of 2.8 ± 1.0 years, 53 patients (10.7%) died or reached a cardiac-related endpoint including sustained ventricular tachycardia, hospitalization with cardiac decompensation, ablation, interventional catheterization, pacer implantation, or cardiac surgery. Multivariable Cox regression revealed hs-TnT (P = 0.005) and NT-proBNP (P = 0.018) as independent predictors of death or cardiac-related events in stable ACHD, whilst the prognostic value of CRP vanished after multivariable adjustment (P = 0.057). Receiver-operator characteristic curve analysis identified cut-off values for event-free survival of hs-TnT ≤9 ng/L and NT-proBNP ≤200 ng/L. Patients with both increased biomarkers had a 7.7-fold (confidence interval 3.57–16.40, P &lt; 0.001) higher risk for death and cardiac-related events compared with patients without elevated blood values.

Conclusion
Subclinical values of hs-TnT and NT-proBNP are a useful, simple, and independent prognostic tool for adverse cardiac events and survival in stable outpatient ACHD.

Registration
German Clinical Trial Registry DRKS00015248.
Discussion of Identity and Implicit Bias: A Strategy to Address Racism and Social Justice in Pediatric Nursing Education
Authors: Stevens Kristen E. , Choma Elizabeth G. , Clarke Julia A. , Walsh Jennifer M. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Nurse educators must weave discussions of systemic racism, social justice, social determinants of health, and psychosocial influences throughout the curriculum. For an online pediatric course, an activity was developed to raise awareness of implicit bias. This experience interfused assigned readings from the literature, introspection of identity, and guided discussion. Framed by principles of transformative learning, faculty facilitated an online dialogue involving groups of 5 to 10 students through aggregated self-descriptors and open prompts. Ground rules for the discussion established psychological safety. This activity complements other schoolwide racial justice initiatives.
Seamless Academic Progression in Nursing Education: A Qualitative Descriptive Study
Authors: Overholser Candice D. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

AIM
The aim of this study was to investigate programs throughout the United States for seamless academic progression from associate degree nursing (ADN) to baccalaureate degree nursing programs (BSN).

BACKGROUND
Seamless academic progression has been shown to have a positive effect on increasing the proportion of BSN nurses. Goals to increase the number of BSN-prepared nurses have not been met.

METHOD
A qualitative descriptive study was conducted to assess how nurse administrators of ADN programs move toward seamless academic progression for students.

RESULTS
Three themes that described the current state of seamless progression emerged from the data: a) ongoing communication between program leaders, students, and stakeholders; b) development of pathways that enable seamless academic progression; and c) stakeholder influence on academic progression.

CONCLUSION
Administrators who participated in this study shared that their progression programs were in the early developmental stages.