bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The relation of the economic value of rice field agricultural land with the location characteristics in Cugenang District, Cianjur Regency
Authors: Ellandini H , Setiadi H , Rizqihandari N 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The population growth causes the demand for land to increase. The availability of land is limited thus that there is competition for land use between agricultural and non-agricultural land. This happened in Cugenang District, where the area of paddy fields continued to decrease thus it is necessary to study the economic evaluation produced by paddy fields. This study aims to analyse the variation of the economic value of paddy fields and to analyse the relationship between the economic values of paddy fields and the characteristics of the location in Cugenang District. The method used is a quantitative method with statistical analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Pearson correlation. The analysis used is spatial and descriptive analysis. The results showed that the economic value of paddy fields is different at different elevation areas. The economic value of paddy fields at an elevation of < 600 m has a higher value, which is Rp 2,982/m2. Location characteristics that have a relationship with the economic value of paddy fields are the distance from the city centre and the distance from the market. The distance from the market has a linear relationship, while the distance from the city centre has an inverse relationship. Overall, the physical location of paddy fields has a more significant relationship than economic location because the level of productivity in paddy fields is more influenced by physical location than economic location.
Compact implementation of high-dimensional mutually partially unbiased bases protocol
Authors: Chang Zehong , Wang Yunlong , Guo Zhenyu , An Min , Qu Rui , Jia Junliang , Wang Fumin , Zhang Pei 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Transverse spatial mode of light is crucial in high-dimensional quantum key distribution (QKD). However, applications in realistic scenarios suffer from mode-dependent loss and the complexity of system, making it impractical to achieve higher-dimensional, longer-distance and low-cost communications. A mutually partially unbiased bases (MPUBs) protocol has been proposed to fundamentally eliminate the effects induced by mode-dependent loss for long propagation distances and limited sizes of apertures. Here, we demonstrate the first implementation of the MPUBs protocol in dimensions of

d
=
2
,
4
,
5

and 6. By performing a controlled unitary transformation, we can actively switch the measurement basis and enable a compact measurement system. In consequence, a higher encoding dimension is available under finite system resources, resulting in higher key rates and stronger noise resistance. Our work enhances the practicability of MPUBs protocol, and may promote the applications of high-dimensional QKD in quantum networks.
Mesoporous silica shell in a core@shell nanocomposite design enables antibacterial action with multiple modes of action
Authors: Pamukçu Ayşenur , Karakaplan M Baran , Didem Şen Karaman 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Core@shell structured nanocomposites have received significant attention for their synergistic mode of antibacterial action. Identification of the accommodated unit’s function in the core@shell nanostructure is necessary in order to determine whether antibacterial synergism against bacterial cell growth that is provided within the same core@shell structure. Herein, a novel nanostructure(s) composed of a cerium oxide core and a porous silica shell (CeO2@pSiO2) accomodating curcumin and lectin was prepared, and the antibacterial synergism provided by the nanocomposite was identified. The resulting spherical-shaped CeO2@pSiO2 nanostructure allowed accommodation of curcumin loading (9 w/w%) and a lectin (concanavalin A) coating (15 w/w%). The antibacterial synergism was tested using a minimal inhibitory concentration assay against an Escherichia coli Gram-negative bacterial strain. Furthermore, the mechanisms of bacterial cell disruption induced by the curcumin-loaded and concanavalin A-coated CeO2@pSiO2 core@shell structure, namely the nanoantibiotic (nano-AB) and its design components, were identified. Our findings reveal that the mesoporous silica shell around the CeO2 core within the nano-AB design aids the accommodation of curcumin and concanavalin A and promotes destruction of bacterial cell motility and the permeability of the inner and outer bacterial cell membranes. Our findings strongly indicate the promising potential of a mesoporous silica shell around nanoparticles with a CeO2 core to provide synergistic antibacterial treatment and attack bacterial cells by different mechanisms of action.
Occurrence and distribution of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes in the different croplands along the Yellow River shoreline
Authors: Zhang Zuoxu , Yuan Wei 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Many antibiotics and their related antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are found in agricultural soil, raising concerns for public and environmental health. As a result, it is crucial to examine the abundance of sulfonamides, fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines, macrolides, and β-lactam antibiotics and their corresponding ARGs in agricultural soils. We investigted the abundance of aadA, sul1, aac(6’)-Ib, tetX, tetA, ermB, mphB, qnrA, intI1, intI2, and ISCR1 genes and explore their relationships with antibiotics in rice, peach orchard, maize, peanut, and garlic croplands along the Yellow River in Zhongmu and Yuanyang, Henan Province. There was no significant difference across the five croplands (P > 0.05), however, the paddy field had the highest average concentration (>10 μg kg−1) of oxytetracycline, tetracycline, ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin antibiotics. The predominant ARGs were aadA, sul1, with the the highest number of ARGs and MGEs detected in paddy rice, followed by maize, peanut, garlic, and peach soils. Integrase gene intI1 was significantly greater than intI2 and ISCR1, which was positively linked with sul1, aadA, aac(6′)-Ib, tetA, tetX, and ermB genes (P < 0.05). According to redundancy analysis, antibiotics may accelerated the prevalence of ARGs. Redundancy analysis demonstrated that antibiotics contributed 78.7% of the total ARG variations. Notably, the concentration of oxytetracycline in all the croplands ranged from 10.33 to 14.42 μg kg−1, which had impacted the frequency of ermB, bla
CTX-M, intI2, and mphB genes as demonstrated by RDA analysis. Results revealed that effective techniques are required to lower the prevalence of ARGs in the agroecosystems.
Future projections of wind and solar energy resources over China from regional climate models based on bias correction
Authors: Li Tongxin , Hui Pinhong , Tang Jianping , Fang Juan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In this study, the wind and solar energy resources over China are projected during 2031–2060 under the Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 8.5 scenario with the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model and Regional Climate Model version 4 (RegCM4). The bias correction method based on probability distribution is applied to correct the simulated 100-m wind speed and surface down-welling shortwave radiation. The results show that the bias correction method can remarkably improve the skill of the individual simulations and the ensemble mean in capturing the features of wind speed and shortwave radiation from the aspects of spatial distribution, annual cycle, quantile distribution, probability distribution and cumulative probability distribution. The future projections from the bias-corrected ensemble show that both the wind and solar energy resources are abundant over northwestern China, with higher wind power density reaching up to 130 W m−2 in winter and richer surface down-welling shortwave radiation above 240 W m−2 in summer. Generally, the wind and solar energy resources will decrease in the future, by around 6% over the western regions and 4% over southeastern China in winter, respectively. The interannual variability of the two resources is projected to increase over most areas of northern China, indicating a decrease in the stability of resources, while tends to decrease over Southeastern China.
Pejorative Assertions, Human Rights Evaluation, and European Veiling Laws
Authors: Cox Neville 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
An increasing number of European states have, since 2009, passed laws restricting or prohibiting the practice of Islamic veiling. These laws have been challenged both before the European Court of Human Rights and the United Nations Human Rights Committee. In the former context, these laws have invariably been upheld whereas in the latter, they have always been deemed to be incompatible with the right to freedom of religion under the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. Superficial analysis suggests that this is because the ECtHR, unlike the UNHRC, applies a margin of appreciation doctrine to give effect to concerns with subsidiarity. In this Article it is suggested that the better explanation is that the ECtHR (again unlike the UNHRC) accepts assertions of facts from states as to why their laws are justified in the absence of any demonstrable supporting evidence. It is argued that this is of particular concern because these assertions tend to make insidious and pejorative statements about the practice of Islamic veiling that have the capacity to generate stigma and substantive damage for the veil wearing woman. When they are endorsed by a putatively independent body like the ECtHR, these messages, and the accompanying stigma are mainstreamed and legitimized. It is finally argued that this means that the approach of the ECtHR cannot be justified by concerns with subsidiarity but rather reflects an irresponsible abdication of responsibility.
Perceptual noise and the bell curve objection
Authors: Beck Jacob , Languedoc William 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Perceptual experience supports the assignment of confidences in belief – doxastic confidences. To explain this fact, many philosophers appeal to Perceptual Indeterminacy, which holds that perceptual content can be more or less determinate. Others instead appeal to Perceptual Confidence, which says that perceptual experience supports doxastic confidences because it assigns confidences too. Morrison argues that a primary reason to favour Perceptual Confidence is that it is uniquely capable of accounting for bell-shaped doxastic confidence distributions; we call this the bell curve objection to Perceptual Indeterminacy. Here we show that two recent defences of Perceptual Indeterminacy, due to Nanay and Raleigh and Vindrola, fail to adequately address the bell curve objection. But we also argue that all is not lost for proponents of Perceptual Indeterminacy. They can counter the bell curve objection by embracing a third view, which we call Perceptual Noise.
Substrate- and life habit-induced morphological convergence and divergence in Recent marine bivalve communities
Authors: Sharma Neha , Mondal Subhronil , Ganguly Srinanda , Giri Anisha 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The morphological disparity of the marine benthos, through the Phanerozoic, is shaped by multiple abiotic and biotic factors, among which substrate and ecology are key contributors. However, the relationship among substrate, ecology, and morphology is not straightforward—a substrate can be occupied by phylogenetically unrelated families with different life habits, influencing morphological convergence. In contrast, related taxa may differ in substrate and life habits, indicating morphological divergence. Here we evaluate the effect of substrate and ecology on the community-level morphological disparity of 398 Recent marine bivalve species from coastal India, using geometric morphometrics. We further evaluate whether the observed patterns are decoupled from taxonomic identities, i.e., phylogenetic (in)dependence. We find that the Recent marine bivalve assemblages show significant morphological differences while living in different substrates or having different life habit traits. However, while sharing a specific substrate or life habit trait (tiering/motility), different families do not show shape convergence, i.e., families maintain their mean shape, except for families living in soft sediments, for which they show strong substrate-driven morphological convergence. These instances of morphological divergence and convergence suggest that the association among sediment preference, ecology, and shape can be rather complex, and can often transgress phylogenetic boundaries in bivalves.
Measurement properties of the patient global assessment numerical rating scale in moderate-to-severe psoriasis
Authors: Yu Ning , Peng Chen , Zhou Jing , Gu Jun , Xu Jinhua , Li Xia , Bi Xinling , Deng Hui , Li Xin , Ding Yangfeng , Shi Yuling 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background
Patient global assessment (PtGA) has been recommended as one of the core domains in psoriasis clinical trials. Among multiple versions of PtGA, the single-question, 11-point PtGA numeric rating scale (NRS) remains to be validated in patients with plaque psoriasis.

Objectives
To evaluate the psychometric characteristics of an 11-point PtGA NRS for disease severity in patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis.

Methods
Data were analysed from 759 patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis in the Shanghai Psoriasis Effectiveness Evaluation CoHort (SPEECH), a prospective, multicentre and observational registry assessing the comparative effectiveness and safety of biologics (adalimumab, ustekinumab, secukinumab or ixekizumab), conventional systemic therapies (acitretin or methotrexate) and phototherapy.

Results
The test–retest reliability of the PtGA NRS showed good agreement (intraclass correlation coefficient range 0.79–0.83). No floor or ceiling effects of PtGA NRS were observed. The PtGA NRS was significantly correlated with the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI), static Physician Global Assessment (sPGA), body surface area, Dermatology Quality of Life Index (DLQI) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Relatively large correlations of PtGA NRS with PASI and the DLQI ‘symptoms and feelings’ domain (all correlations ≥ 0.4 except at baseline) supported convergent validity. The presence of psoriatic arthritis or joint symptoms had no significant association with the PtGA NRS. In multivariate regression analyses, the PtGA NRS at baseline was predicted by age, lesion extent, lesion intensity, patients’ symptoms and feelings, and impact on work or school. The PtGA NRS displayed known-groups validity with the PASI, sPGA and DLQI score bands. The PtGA NRS was responsive to change in PASI and DLQI after treatment. Anchor- and distribution-based approaches supported –3 as the minimal important difference for PtGA NRS. An absolute PtGA NRS ≤ 2 during follow-up was concordant with the state of minimal disease activity based on a 90% reduction in PASI (PASI 90) or PASI 90 plus a DLQI of 0/1. Sensitivity analysis using subgroup comparison and multiple imputation model yielded consistent conclusions.

Conclusions
The PtGA NRS showed good reliability, validity and responsiveness in patients with psoriasis, and was feasible in clinical trials and daily practice.
Tourism, social networks, and community development: a case study of a coastal Vietnamese village
Authors: Dinh Thu , Andriesse Edo , Gillen Jamie 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This article examines how tourism becomes integrated into rural communities and how an isolated Vietnamese community explores and creates employment opportunities through social networks. The empirical investigation is based on a case study of local involvement in tourism employment in Viet Hai, a remote coastal commune. The results of forty in-depth, semi-structured interviews reveal that the involvement of locals in tourism employment is closely associated with the density of individual social networks. Particularly, villagers with dense networks with external tourism operators and stronger kinship relations are more likely to have better access and resources to participate in tourism employment. Our empirical findings also demonstrate that the popularity of social media in remote areas could bring more opportunities to establish and strengthen external relationships and generate more resources for tourism development. Interviews with local people also unveil that tourism can intensify the income gaps among villagers, causing increasing intra-village disparities in living standards. Based on these results, local governments should be more active in connecting local villagers and tour operators. Future research and policy work in tourism and community development would benefit from a more explicit focus on the relationships between social networks and new forms of inequality, kinship ties, agritourism, and more sustainable trajectories of local development.
Sodium evolution in hyponatraemia: a mixed effects model analysis of the Hyponatraemia Registry
Authors: Cukoski Sadrija , Osterholt Thomas , Suárez Victor , Hackl Matthias Johannes , Grundmann Franziska , Burst Volker , Möllenhoff Kathrin 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
Achieving recommended targets of sodium correction is challenging to physicians treating hyponatraemia. Plasma sodium has to be increased effectively, yet overcorrection must be prevented. This is often hampered by a high variability of responses to treatment. Here, we sought to delineate factors influencing sodium evolution.

Design
We retrospectively analysed 3460 patients from the multinational Hyponatraemia Registry comprising a wide range of hyponatraemia aetiologies and treatment strategies.

Methods
Multivariable linear mixed effects models were applied to identify predictors of plasma sodium evolution within the first 24 h of treatment.

Results
Evolution of sodium levels over time showed a curvilinear pattern with steeper rise at earlier time points. Baseline sodium showed the most pronounced impact with an additional increment of 3.12 mEq/L for every 10 mEq/L initial sodium reduction. With sodium increments of 1.9 mEq/L and 1.4 mEq/L per 24 h, respectively, the entities hypovolaemic and thiazide-associated hyponatraemia were independent factors for sodium evolution. Therapeutic regimens using hypertonic saline (4.6 mEq/L/24 h), tolvaptan (3.4 mEq/L/24 h), or combination therapy (2.6 mEq/L/24 h) were also associated with a significantly larger sodium rise when compared with no active treatment.

Conclusions
Choice and dosing of active hyponatraemia therapy should be adjusted not only according to aetiology but most importantly to pretreatment sodium. Although counterintuitive, less aggressive therapy in more profound hyponatraemia might be safer but yet effective at least in less severe cases.
Comparison of novel ventricular pacing strategies using an electro-mechanical simulation platform
Authors: Meiburg Roel , Rijks Jesse H J , Beela Ahmed S , Bressi Edoardo , Grieco Domenico , Delhaas Tammo , Luermans Justin G LM , Prinzen Frits W , Vernooy Kevin , Lumens Joost 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimsFocus of pacemaker therapy is shifting from right ventricular (RV) apex pacing (RVAP) and biventricular pacing (BiVP) to conduction system pacing. Direct comparison between the different pacing modalities and their consequences to cardiac pump function is difficult, due to the practical implications and confounding variables. Computational modelling and simulation provide the opportunity to compare electrical, mechanical, and haemodynamic consequences in the same virtual heart.Methods and resultsUsing the same single cardiac geometry, electrical activation maps following the different pacing strategies were calculated using an Eikonal model on a three-dimensional geometry, which were then used as input for a lumped mechanical and haemodynamic model (CircAdapt). We then compared simulated strain, regional myocardial work, and haemodynamic function for each pacing strategy. Selective His-bundle pacing (HBP) best replicated physiological electrical activation and led to the most homogeneous mechanical behaviour. Selective left bundle branch (LBB) pacing led to good left ventricular (LV) function but significantly increased RV load. RV activation times were reduced in non-selective LBB pacing (nsLBBP), reducing RV load but increasing heterogeneity in LV contraction. LV septal pacing led to a slower LV and more heterogeneous LV activation than nsLBBP, while RV activation was similar. BiVP led to a synchronous LV–RV, but resulted in a heterogeneous contraction. RVAP led to the slowest and most heterogeneous contraction. Haemodynamic differences were small compared to differences in local wall behaviour.ConclusionUsing a computational modelling framework, we investigated the mechanical and haemodynamic outcome of the prevailing pacing strategies in hearts with normal electrical and mechanical function. For this class of patients, nsLBBP was the best compromise between LV and RV function if HBP is not possible.
Visceral Adiposity Independently Predicts Time to Flare in Inflammatory Bowel Disease but Body Mass Index Does Not
Authors: Sehgal Priya , Su Steven , Zech John , Nobel Yael , Luk Lyndon , Economou Ioannis , Shen Bo , Lewis James D , Freedberg Daniel E 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background
Obesity is associated with progression of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Visceral adiposity may be a more meaningful measure of obesity compared with traditional measures such as body mass index (BMI). This study compared visceral adiposity vs BMI as predictors of time to IBD flare among patients with Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis.

Methods
This was a retrospective cohort study. IBD patients were included if they had a colonoscopy and computed tomography (CT) scan within a 30-day window of an IBD flare. They were followed for 6 months or until their next flare. The primary exposure was the ratio of visceral adipose tissue to subcutaneous adipose tissue (VAT:SAT) obtained from CT imaging. BMI was calculated at the time of index CT scan.

Results
A total of 100 Crohn’s disease and 100 ulcerative colitis patients were included. The median age was 43 (interquartile range, 31-58) years, 39% had disease duration of 10 years or more, and 14% had severe disease activity on endoscopic examination. Overall, 23% of the cohort flared with median time to flare 90 (interquartile range, 67-117) days. Higher VAT:SAT was associated with shorter time to IBD flare (hazard ratio of 4.8 for VAT:SAT ≥1.0 vs VAT:SAT ratio &lt;1.0), whereas higher BMI was not associated with shorter time to flare (hazard ratio of 0.73 for BMI ≥25 kg/m2 vs BMI &lt;25 kg/m2). The relationship between increased VAT:SAT and shorter time to flare appeared stronger for Crohn’s than for ulcerative colitis.

Conclusions
Visceral adiposity was associated with decreased time to IBD flare, but BMI was not. Future studies could test whether interventions that decrease visceral adiposity will improve IBD disease activity.