bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Cognitive Leisure Activities on Frailty Transitions in Older Adults in China: A CHARLS-Based Longitudinal Study
Authors: Sheng Kai , Chen Hao , Qu Xianguo 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
In an effort to identify factors associated with frailty transitions that trigger a significant difference in preventing and postponing the progression of frailty, questions regarding the role of cognitive leisure activities on various aspects of older adults' health were raised. However, the relationship between cognitive leisure activities and frailty transitions has rarely been studied.
Methods
A total of 5367 older Chinese adults aged over 60 years from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) were selected as participants. The 2nd wave of the CHARLS in 2013 was selected as the baseline, and sociodemographic and health-related status baseline data were collected. The FRAIL Scale was used to measure frailty, while cognitive leisure activities were measured by the Cognitive Leisure Activity Index (CLAI) scores, which consisted of playing mahjong or cards, stock investment, and using the internet. After two years of follow-up, frailty transition from baseline was assessed at the 3rd wave of the CHARLS in 2015. Ordinal logistic regression analysis was used to examine the relationship between cognitive leisure activities and frailty transitions.
Results
During the two-year follow-up of 5367 participants, the prevalence of frailty that improved, remained the same and worsened was 17.8% (957/5367), 57.5% (3084/5367) and 24.7% (1326/5367), respectively. Among all participants, 79.7% (4276/5367), 19.6% (1054/5367), and 0.7% (37/5367) had CLAI scores of 0, 1, and 2 to 3, respectively. In the univariate analysis, there was a statistically significant association between a score of 2 to 3 on the Cognitive Leisure Activity Index and frailty transitions (odds ratio [OR] = 1.93, 95% CI 0.03 to 1.29, p = .04), while all other covariates were not significantly different across the three groups. After adjusting for covariates, participants with more cognitive leisure activities had a higher risk of frailty improvement than those without cognitive leisure activities (odds ratio [OR] = 1.99, 95% CI 1.05 to 3.76, p = .04).
Conclusions
Cognitive leisure activities were positively associated with the risk of frailty improvement in older adults, mainly when participating in multiple such activities. Older adults may be encouraged to participate in a wide variety of cognitive leisure activities to promote healthy aging.
Hospitalized children with COVID-19 infection during large outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron strain: a retrospective study in Chaozhou, Guangdong, China
Authors: Lin Fen , Chen Man-Tong , Zhang Lin , Xie He , Yang Zhe , Huang Bin , Wu Jian-Peng , Lin Wei-Hao , Yang Li-Ye 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objective
We aimed to investigate the clinical findings of hospitalized pediatric COVID-19 patients by the end of 2022.
Method
All confirmed children with COVID-19 infection admitted into Chaozhou Central Hospital from December 19, 2022 to February 1, 2023 were included. Detailed clinical data of those children were evaluated retrospectively.
Results
A total of 286 children, ranging in age from 1 month to 13 years old, were diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Among these cases, 138 (48.3%) were categorized as mild, 126 (44.0%) as moderate, and 22 (7.7%) as severe/critical. Symptoms varied among the children and included fever, upper respiratory tract symptoms, convulsions, sore throat, poor appetite, dyspnea, and gastrointestinal symptoms. Notably, febrile convulsions were observed in 96 (33.6%) patients, while acute laryngitis was documented in 50 (17.5%) cases. Among the severe/critical patients, eight developed multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), and tragically, one patient's condition worsened and resulted in death. Furthermore, MRI scans revealed abnormal brain signals in six severe/critical patients. The severe/critical group also exhibited more pronounced laboratory abnormalities, including decreased hemoglobin and elevated ALT, AST, LDH, and CK levels.
Conclusions
Febrile convulsions and acute laryngitis are frequently observed in children diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infection. Moreover, multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) and abnormal neuroimaging appear to be relatively common phenomena in severe/critical cases.
Effect of salinity on some enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants of Asada-Halliwell pathway in P. cineraria and P. juliflora
Authors: Sharma Monika , Dinesh Rachana , Sen Seema 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Increased level of antioxidants and enzymatic activity protects the plants from oxidative damage under stress conditions. In the present study antioxidants involved in the ascorbate–glutathione (ASC–GSH) cycle (APX, GR, ascorbate and dehydroascorbate) were investigated under salt stress in two species of genus Prosopis (P. cineraria and P. juliflora). Both these species are economically very important in arid and semi-arid regions of Rajasthan. For the experimentation one-week-old seedling were treated with different salt concentrations ranging from 0 to 200 mM (0, 25, 50, 75, 100, 150 and 200). The leaves were harvested after 15 and 30 days. The ascorbate content of both the species increased under salt stress. But dehydroascorbate content decrease. The activity of enzymes ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and glutathione reductase (GR) were also found to be increased under salt stress. The increase was comparatively more prominent in P. juliflora which indicates the upregulation of ascorbate-glutathione cycle is higher in P. juliflora and it plays a great role in making P. juliflora more tolerant under high salinity conditions.
On the effect of Printing orientation on the surface Roughness of an Additive Manufactured Composite Vertical Tail
Authors: Acanfora Valerio , Garofano Antonio , Battaglia Miriam , Maisto Giovanni , Riccio Aniello 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Additive manufacturing (AM) enables the production of customised and sophisticated components; Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) is a widely used and cost-effective AM technique. Nevertheless, the use of FFF for aerospace and aeronautical applications is often impeded by the inadequate surface finish it imparts to the produced components. This work aims to demonstrate that, with careful calibration of process parameters and build orientation, FFF can produce aerospace components with low surface roughness. This could enable FFF to be used in aeronautics, allowing the benefits of lightweighting structures using metal replacement thermoplastics and variable infill to be exploited. In this study, rudder sections of a UAV tailplane were produced using FFF and lightened through variable internal infills, thin thicknesses, and a polymer for metal replacement. By setting different printing processes, a configuration was identified that exhibits suitable surface roughness for aerospace applications and a weight saving of approximately 50% compared to an equivalent metal volume.
A New Trend in The Sustainability of Ethnic Cultures: Ethno-Fest
Authors: Sormaz Ümit , KIDIRALIYEV Nurudin , SAMATOVA Gülmira , İSAKOVA Dinara , TURGANBAEVA Nadira , TURDUBEKOVA Sapargül 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Recently, popular gastronomy is an important tourism activity in the promotion and marketing of societies, cultures and tourism products. Festivals, which are included in tourism, are an important tourism activity in attracting tourists to the region. This study was carried out in order to introduce ethno-fests, which is a new trend in ensuring the sustainability of ethnic culture within the scope of sustainability, and to make it widespread in countries. The data of the study were obtained by the field observation method carried out by the researchers. The researchers who participated as observers of the "1st Supara: Traditional Cuisine of Turkish Peoples Ethno-Fest" organization, the first of which was held in Bishkek/Kyrgyzstan, were observed in the festival area, and those with ethnic characteristics were given in the study. As a result of the study, the importance of introducing ethnic culture, ethnic cuisine culture, ethnic dishes, transferring them to future generations by transferring them to written sources, and reviving the lost ethnic identity characteristics has been emphasized.
Synthetic streamflow generation using Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Shaikh Safayat Ali , Bhowmick Prasenjit 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In this study, Artificial Neural Network (ANN) models have been developed as an alternative to classical stochastic auto regressive model for monthly streamflow generation at multiple sites of a river basin. In the ANN model development a three-layer fully connected feed-forward network was developed using log-sigmoid and pure-line activation function in hidden layer and output layer respectively. Monthly neural network models have been designed for simultaneous generation of streamflows in two sites at a time. Training of those models has been done in supervised environment with back-propagation algorithm. The network has been selected based on its minimum mean square error. Available historical flow sequences of a river basin have been partitioned into three parts at 2:1:1 ratio. The first partitioned portion of the historical flow sequences were used to generate 50 sets of flow sequences with the help of multi-site first order Markov model. The generated flow data were used to train the ANN model. The trained ANN model were simulated with the second partitioned historical flow data. The simulated results have been compared with the third partitioned historical flow data in terms of statistical parameters- means, standard deviations, serial correlations and cross correlations. The ANN models so developed have been applied at four sites of Damodar River Basin: (i) two sites (Konar and Panchet) on River Damodar and (ii) two sites (Tilaiya and Maithon) on river Barakar, tributary of river Damodar, in India using available 56 years (1960–2015) of historical flow data. Statistical parameters: means, standard deviations, serial correlation coefficients and cross correlations (lag-zero, lag-one and lag-two) of historical and ANN generated series are compared. Those results indicate that all those statistical parameters as obtained from historical flow series are well preserved in the flow series generated by the ANN models.
Associations of blood metals and metal mixtures with myocardial enzyme profile: an occupational population-based study in China
Authors: Ge Xiaoting , He Junxiu , Zheng Yuan , Cheng Hong , Bao Yu , Lin Sencai , Hu Sihan , Cai Haiqing , Feng Xiuming , Fan Qinghua , Wang Lin , Wang Fei , Liu Chaoqun , Chen Xing , Yang Xiaobo 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

To investigate cross-sectional association between blood metal mixture and myocardial enzyme profile based on an occupational population. We determined creatine kinase (CK) and creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), lactate dehydrogenase (LD), α‐hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (α‐HBD) and aspartate transaminase (AST) among participants from the manganese-exposed workers healthy cohort (n = 544). Levels of 22 metals in blood cells were determined using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) penalized regression model was utilized for metals screening. Exposure-response relationship between specific metal and myocardial enzyme profile was identified by general liner regression and restricted cubic spline analyses. The overall effect and interactions were evaluated with Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR). Manganese was linearly and positively associated with CK (Poverall = 0.019, Pnon-linearity = 0.307), dominating positive overall-effect of mixture exposure (manganese, arsenic and rubidium) on CK level; calcium and zinc were linearly negative associated with LD level (Poverall < 0.05, Pnon-linearity > 0.05) and asserted dominance in the negative overall-effect of metal mixtures (Rubidium, molybdenum, zinc, nickel, cobalt, calcium and magnesium) on LD level. It was interesting to note a “U” shape dose-response relationship of molybdenum with LD level (Poverall < 0.001, Pnon-linearity = 0.488). There was an interaction between age and calcium on LD level (Pinteration = 0.041). Besides, there was an interaction between smoking and molybdenum on LD level (Pinteration = 0.035). Our study provides evidence that metal mixture exposure affects myocardial enzyme profile. Additional investigations are required to confirm these associations and reveal the fundamental mechanisms involved.
Stem Cells Derived Exosomes Vincristine Sulfate Loaded as Potential Biological Nano Carriers for Treatment of Breast Cancer Stem Cells
Authors: Farouk Ahmed H. , Aref Ahmed , Fathy Belal A. , Abdallah Ahmed N. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Due to vincristine sulfate's (VCR sulfate) toxicity and non-specific targeting, which might adversely damage healthy cells, its clinical application is restricted. In this study, we loaded VCR sulfate on exosomes generated from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to enhance its targeted distribution. Exosomes are able to deliver molecules to specific cells and tissues and have therapeutic potential. In this study we isolated exosomes from MSCs, and using probe-sonication approach loaded them with VCR sulfate. Using SRB assay, cytotoxicity of VCR sulfate-Exo was assessed in T47D breast cancer cells, and the results were contrasted with those of free VCR sulfate. Then We labelled markers (CD44+/CD24-) in the cell line to assess the targeting effectiveness of VCR sulfate-Exo using flow cytometry. Our results showed that the cytotoxicity of VCR sulfate-Exo was nearly the same as VCR sulfate. Analysis using flow cytometry revealed that VRC sulfate-Exo was more effectively targeted to MSCs than free VCR sulfate. Our study shows that loading VCR sulfate to MSCs derived exosomes can improve their targeted delivery and lessen their side effects. Additional research is required to determine the in vivo effectiveness and safety of VCR sulfate-Exo and to improve the loading and delivery strategies.
The impact of religiosity and spirituality in the health context of resident physicians
Authors: Dias Alzira Maria Cussi Brasileiro , Silva Adriana Paula , Silva Élida Mara  Carneiro , Tomé Janaíne Machado , Lara Beatriz Hallal Jorge , Abreu Ana Cecília Borborema , Nico Elisa Bernardes , Ataíde Meire Soares , Borges Maria de Fátima , Ribeiro Flávia Alves 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
BACKGROUND: Literature has pointed out benefits of inserting religiosity and spirituality (R/S) in patient care, indicating the need of training health professionals in this subject. However, it is necessary to take care of those who take care. So it is essential to study the role of R/S in one of the professional segments that are in the front lines of patient care.
OBJECTIVE: Analyze the profile of R/S of resident doctors and its role in their life quality and well-being.
METHODS: This is a cross-sectional quantitative study and describes the reality of 51 resident physicians. Data were obtained through self-administered instruments: Social Demographic Questionnaire; Perception of R/S; BMMRS (Brief Multidimensional Measure of R/S); SWBS (Subjective Well-Being Scale); WHOQOL-Bref (Whoqol Health Organization Quality of Life); MBI (Maslach Burnout Inventory). Data were analyzed by Statistical Packge for the Social Science/23.The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee, opinion 2,770,936.
RESULTS: From the 51 resident doctors, 74.5% were female, 70.6% between 26 and 30 years old, 74.5% white, 64.7% Catholic. BMMRS: most believe that R/S provides positive support for coping with stressful situations. SWB-S found a high rate of positive emotions, lower rates of negative emotions and satisfaction with life. WHOQOL: assessed good life quality and fair health satisfaction. MBI identified moderate emotional exhaustion, low depersonalization and a high level for low professional achievement.
CONCLUSION: We conclude that R/S interferes positively in the resident doctors life quality and in the prevention of burnout syndrome, helping them face the challenges during the period of training represented by the medical residency.
Statin therapy in patients undergoing short-course neoadjuvant radiotherapy for rectal cancer: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: McKechnie Tyler , Schep Daniel G. , Cardenas Luisa M. , Wong Raimond , Levine Oren , Doumouras Aristithes G. , Eskicioglu Cagla 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
There is a potential benefit with concurrent statin use and neoadjuvant therapy for rectal cancer. The impact of statins on pathologic response following short-course neoadjuvant radiation has yet to be studied. This study aimed to elucidate the impact statin use on tumor response to short-course neoadjuvant radiation.
Methods
This retrospective cohort study included patients receiving short-course neoadjuvant radiation and subsequently undergoing oncologic resection for stage II/III rectal adenocarcinoma from 2014–2020. Exclusion criteria included recurrent disease, total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT), and oncologic resection less than six weeks after neoadjuvant therapy. The primary outcome was pathologic complete response (pCR). Secondary outcomes included graded pathologic response and incidence of radiation-associated toxicity. Univariable logistic regressions and stepwise multivariable logistic regressions were performed.
Results
Seventy-nine patients (mean age: 68.6 ± 11.2 years, 39.2% female) met inclusion criteria. Prior to neoadjuvant therapy, median T-stage was 3 (range: 1–4), median N-stage was 1 (range: 0–2), and mean tumor distance from the anal verge was 6.3cm (± 2.9). Thirty-five patients (44.3%) were using statins. Overall, 7.6% experienced pCR and 29.1% had no treatment response on pathology. Radiation-associated toxicity was 43.0%. Statin use was not associated with pCR (OR 2.71, 95%CI 0.47–15.7, p = 0.27), however on stepwise multivariable logistic regression, statin use was associated with decreased prevalence of no response (OR 0.08, 95%CI 0.01–0.43, p = 0.003).
Conclusions
Statins may offer a synergistic effect when given concurrently with short-course neoadjuvant radiation for rectal cancer. Further prospective study evaluating the use of statins in conjunction with neoadjuvant therapy is warranted.
Methyl Jasmonate as a resistance inducer to Drosophila Suzukii Matsumura (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in greenhouse strawberry
Authors: Meyer Augusto Leal , Sant’Ana Josué , Jahnke Simone Mundstock , Shimbori Eduardo Mitio 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Drosophila suzukii Matsumura (Diptera: Drosophilidae) is an important and novel pest in strawberry crops, thus the study of tools that activate the natural defense mechanisms using plant endogenous hormones is relevant. In the present study, strawberry plants (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) were treated with three concentrations of methyl jasmonate (MeJa) to assess effects on population fluctuation, oviposition, and emergence of D. suzukii over time, as well as the physical-chemical properties of strawberries. The highest densities of D. suzukii occurred in the first two collections before the application of treatments in the area. The average number of insects captured in the third collection (first after applying MeJa in the area) was significantly lower than in the previous two. The total average (five collections) of eggs and the emergence of flies in fruits from strawberry sprinkled with 0.5 mM and 1 mM of MeJa was lower than those recorded with only water, which did not differ from ethanol at 1% (Et), for both factors. A more saturated shade of red was observed for fruits with 0.5mM in relation to water and Et and there were no differences of total titratable acidity and total soluble solids in fruits from strawberries sprayed with all treatments. The application of MeJa at 0.5 and 1 mM caused a smaller number of eggs deposited in the fruits and adults that emerged from them without influencing the physical-chemical properties.
Microplastics accelerates the premature aging of blood vessels though ROS-mediated CDK5 signaling pathway
Authors: Wang Kaihao , Du Yipeng , Li Peixin , Guan Chang , Zhou Min , Wu Lanlan , Liu Zengfu , Huang Zheng 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Microplastic has become a kind of pollutant widely existing in soil, atmosphere, fresh water and marine environment. At present, microplastics have been found in many tissues and organs of organisms. Research shows that as a new environmental pollutant, microplastics has shown a health hazard to human and animal. Aging and aging-related diseases are major social and medical problems facing the world. However, up to now, the effect of microplastic exposure on premature aging of blood vessels has not been evaluated. Therefore, we investigated the health damage of microplastics to blood vessels in vivo and in vitro experiments.
Methods
ELISA, indirect immunofluorescence, SiRNA, laser confocal microscopy, and Flow cytometry were performed to evaluate the effect of microplastics on premature aging of blood vessels.
Results
In vitro experiments, we found that microplastics can internalize into vascular cells, and the internalized microplastics cause damage to organelles. Further biochemical experiments showed that microplastics stimulation caused the premature aging of blood vessels by detecting a series of aging markers. Further mechanism research indicates that microplastics could increase ROS level of mitochondria mediated by calcium overload, and then ROS leads to the LaminA degradation by CDK5 mediation, further resulting in genomic instability, thus finally causing the aging of vascular cells/tissues. In vivo model, we found that microplastics induced aging damage on vascular tissue, the expression of aging maker molecules were significantly increased. Furthermore, the level of inflammation and oxidative stress was also significantly increased.
Conclusion
In summary, in this work, we evaluated the effect of microplastic exposure on premature aging of blood vessels, and we also revealed the molecular mechanism by which microplastics cause premature aging of the cardiovascular system.
Calcium oxide as synergistic catalyst for oxygen reduction reaction on strontium-doped lanthanum ferrite for SOFC
Authors: Xu Wenming , Li Chengyu , Hong Tao , Pan Xiang , Lu Yingwei 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
CaO is demonstrated as a synergistic electro-catalyst for oxygen reduction reaction on strontium-doped lanthanum ferrite (La0.8Sr0.2FeO3-δ, LSF) cathodes for intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cells based on ytrria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) electrolytes. With 3.01wt% CaO, the interfacial polarization resistance at 750°C is reduced from 0.83 to 0.42 Ω cm2 for LSF-SDC (samaria doped ceria) composite electrodes on the YSZ electrolytes. With 3.2wt% CaO, the peak power density at 800°C is increased from 0.45 to 0.58 Wcm-2 for anode supported single cells consisting of Ni-YSZ anodes, YSZ electrolytes and LSF-SDC cathodes. The CaO particles can greatly enhance the kinetics of oxygen reduction reaction on LSF such as improving the oxygen surface exchange coefficient at 750°C from 1.9×10− 5 to 54×10− 5 cm s-1 as demonstrated by the electrochemical conductivity relaxation measurement. Specifically, CaO particles infiltrated to the LSF electrodes reduce the interfacial polarization resistance associated with the low-frequency response, which is often attributed to the surface reaction steps of the cathode reaction.
P-power log-convex function and its applications
Authors: Jiang Shenming , Nie Mei 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In this paper, the concept of p-power log-convex function is introduced. Some properties and discriminant criterion of p-power log-convex function are shown. Some examples are given. Several integral inequalities for p-power log-convex functions are proved. As an application, an extended weighted average inequality is given. The p-power log-convexity of Gamma function is researched, and two exponential function expansion residual inequalities are given.