bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk factors and preventive measures of intracranial infection after neurosurgery
Authors: Xia Kailai , Chen Shaojun , Li Gang , Huang Xin , Tang Hua , Jiang Lai , Liu Yan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Objective

To analyze the risk factors of postoperative intracranial infection in neurosurgery, so as to provide reference for prevention and treatment of postoperative intracranial infection in neurosurgery.

Methods

156 patients who underwent postoperative intracranial infection in neurosurgery of our hospital from January 2016 to April 2022 were analyzed retrospectively. Pair principle was adopted, and the same number of cases from uninfected cases were selected as the control group; the clinical data of the two groups were statistically analyzed by SPSS22.0 software.

Results

Univariate analysis showed that primary disease, emergency operation, duration of operation, type of incision, operation mode, duration of indwelling drainage tube after operation, use of microscope during operation, whether to enter ICU, cerebrospinal fluid leakage after operation and secondary operation were the risk factors of postoperative intracranial infection (P < 0.05); multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that operation duration ≥ 4h, incision type, cerebrospinal fluid leakage and second operation were independent factors of postoperative intracranial infection (P < 0.05).

Conclusion

There are many risk factors for postoperative intracranial infection in patients from neurosurgery. It is necessary to take targeted preventive measures, such as shortening the operation time, treating cerebrospinal fluid leakage in time, avoiding secondary operation as much as possible, and using antibiotics prophylactically during perioperative period. These measures can effectively reduce the probability of postoperative intracranial infection in neurosurgery patients.
Assessing the satisfaction of physicians in using the electronic prescription system of social security in Iran in 2021
Authors: Majd Mahdia Mohammadi , Moghbeli Fatemeh , Habibi Mohammadreza Mazaheri , Moradi Gholamreza , Setoodefar Masood 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: E-prescribing has been proposed as an important strategy to reduce medication errors, improve the quality of patient care and save on health care costs. Despite the potential benefits of e-prescribing, human factors can play an important role in the viability and success of new technology, and user satisfaction is one of them. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the satisfaction of physicians in using the electronic prescription system of social security in Mashhad and Sabzevar in Iran.
Methods: This is an applied study and was performed by descriptive cross-sectional method. The study population included physicians who used the electronic social security prescription system in Mashhad and Sabzevar. Sampling was available and data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire and data were analyzed using SPSS software version 21.
Findings: In the study population, the majority of users (51.7%) were women and (48.3%) were men, (36.1%) were in the age group of 30-39 years (31.7%) of them. Have a work experience of 5 years and less than 5 years and also (48.3%) of users have a general medical doctorate degree and most users (40%) have used this system for 6 months and less than 6 months. Physicians had high agreement that e-prescribing reduces errors and prescribing interventions and were satisfied with warnings about incorrect drug doses and drug interactions. In general, physicians were dissatisfied with performance and efficiency (48.3%) and system speed (51.46%). Physicians were also satisfied with sending prescriptions to pharmacies (73.4%) and confidentiality of patients' information (73.4%). Most physicians (63.3%) agree to set up the system in the country.
Conclusions: The results of the survey show that the implementation of the electronic version system is reasonably advanced. Survey findings provide opportunities to improve the system and workflow, which is important because these issues can affect the acceptability of new technology and the speed of dissemination in an organization
Prioritization of the affecting components of the patient experience evaluation of healthcare services using fuzzy analytic hierarchy process
Authors: Keyvanlo Zahra , Hooshmand Elahe , Ahmadimanesh Monireh , Jalaly Mojtaba Najib , Kargar Mohammad , Vafaee-Najar Ali 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Introduction: Service quality is one of the most important management aspects of service organizations, and customer-centricity is the first strategy of all organizations worldwide. Therefore, the present study aimed to Prioritization of the affecting components of the patient experience evaluation of healthcare services in hospitals affiliated with Mashhad University of Medical Sciences using the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP).
Methods: The present cross-sectional study was carried out in hospitals affiliated to Mashhad University of Medical Sciences in 2022. The data collection instrument included a researcher-made questionnaire including questions on demographic variables and pairwise comparison tables consisting of 12 dimensions related to the components affecting the patient experience evaluation, which 30 members of the expert panel answered. The expert panel members included heads and managers of hospitals, managers and executive experts of hospitals, and faculty members of health and medical services management. The collected data were analyzed using Excel software to compare and rank the contribution of each factor affecting the Prioritization of the patient experience evaluation of healthcare services using fuzzy analytic hierarchy process.
Results: According to the panel of experts, the quality of the nurse-patient relationship was the most critical priority (0.28), followed by the quality of the physician-patient relationship (0.24), provision of medical services (0.17), provision of information to the Patient (0.09) and method of pain management (0.07). The lowest priority was access to the necessary medications (0.0004).
Conclusion: According to the results of the present research, hospital managers can have the most significant effect on improving the quality of hospital services and, thus, patient satisfaction by employing experienced and specialized nurses and physicians or by empowering them to establish better communication with patients and provide better medical services.
A Fast and Effective Image Denoising Algorithm
Authors: Xiang ZuoYong 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Classic denoising algorithms have always suffered from the disadvantage of being slow, even for the famous BM3D.This paper presents a fastst and effective image denoising algorithm, which is based on the aggregation. It is a relatively faster method that first applies other known denoising algorithms (such as DCT for Discrete Cosine Transform, Wavelet Transform, Wiener Filter Denoising, etc.), selects different chunking specifications and different parameters to obtain several different denoised images, and then aggregate them to obtain the final denoised image.However, not arbitrarily generated noise reduction image aggregation can get good results, only the right combination can get good denoising results.One of the suitable combinations is proposed in the paper guided by the above ideaExperiments show that the algorithm has good noise reduction performance, and the algorithm has the fastest running time among all classical algorithms, and the running time is only equivalent to less than one-tenth of other algorithms.
Oculocutaneous albinism: the neurological, behavioral, and neuro-ophthalmological perspective
Authors: Galli Jessica , Loi Erika , Dusi Laura , Pasini Nadia , Rossi Andrea , Scaglioni Vera , Mauri Lucia , Fazzi Elisa 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Purpose: Oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) is a group of rare, genetic disorders caused by absent/reduced melanin biosynthesis. The aim of this study was to explore the neurovisual, cognitive, adaptive, and behavioral profile of children affected by OCA, also evaluating any possible effect of the visual acuity deficit on the clinical profile.
Methods: Eighteen children (9 males, mean age 84.5 months ±41.2; range 18-181 months) with a molecular confirmed diagnosis of OCA were enrolled in the study. We collected data on clinical history, neurodevelopmental profile, neurological and neurovisual examination, cognitive, adaptive and emotional/behavioral functioning.
Results: A global neurodevelopmental impairment was detected in half of the children, without evolving into an intellectual disability. All the sample showed signs and symptoms of visual impairment. Low adaptive functioning was observed in 3 cases (17%). A risk for internalizing behavioral problems was documented in 6 cases (33%), for externalizing problems in 2 (11%) and for both in 5 (28%). Twelve children (67%) showed one or more autism-like features. Correlation analyses revealed significant associations between the visual acuity level and Performance Intelligence Quotient (p=0.001), Processing Speed Index (p=0.021), Vineland total score (p=0.020), Vineland communication (p=0.020) and socialization (p=0.037) domains.
Conclusions: Children with OCA may present a global neurodevelopmental delay that seems to ameliorate with age, and emotional/behavioral difficulties, along with the well-known visual impairment. An early neuropsychiatric evaluation and habilitative training are recommended to improve vision-related performance, neurodevelopment, and any psychological difficulties.
Prevalence, correlates and treatment needs of dental caries in patients attending a diabetic clinic in rural southwestern Uganda: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Arubaku Wilfred , Tusubira Deusdedit , Ssedyabane Frank , Chamut Steffany , Seymour Brittany Anne , Siedner Mark J. , Niyonzima Vallence , Nabbanja Juliet , Kakongi Nathan , Kwizera Godfrey , Maling Samuel 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus is a heterogeneous metabolic disorder known to lead to several pathogenic disorders, and has a bidirectional relationship with oral health conditions. This study aimed at estimating the prevalence, treatment needs and correlates of dental carries among adult patients attending a diabetic clinic in Uganda.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study that used questionnaires to collect data on socio-demographic factors, diabetes history, oral health status, dental health care, dietary factors, lifestyle factors, and dental examination guided by the modified World Health Organization (WHO) oral health questionnaire for adults.
Results: We enrolled 239 participants, prevalence of dental caries was 71.6%, treatment need was nearly 100%, and mean DMFT was 3.82. Dental caries experience was associated with being female, lower education, being widowed and rural residence.
Conclusion: We found a high prevalence of dental caries experience, a large treatment need and a high DMFT among our participants. We recommend integration of oral health care into routine diabetic services in rural sub Saharan Africa.
Non-Ewald methods for evaluating the electrostatic interactions of charge systems: similarity and difference
Authors: Fukuda Ikuo , Nakamura Haruki 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In molecular simulations, it is essential to properly calculate the electrostatic interactions of particles in the physical system of interest. Here we consider a method called the non-Ewald method, which does not rely on the standard Ewald method with periodic boundary conditions, but instead relies on the cutoff-based techniques. We focus on the physicochemical and mathematical conceptual aspects of the method in order to gain a deeper understanding of the simulation methodology. In particular, we take into account the reaction field (RF) method, the isotropic periodic sum (IPS) method, and the zero-multipole summation method (ZMM). These cutoff-based methods are based on different physical ideas and are completely distinguishable in their underlying concepts. The RF and IPS methods are "additive" methods that incorporate information outside the cutoff region, via dielectric medium and isotropic boundary condition, respectively. In contrast, the ZMM is a "subtraction" method that tries to remove the artificial effects, generated near the boundary, from the cutoff sphere. Nonetheless, we find physical and/or mathematical similarities between these methods. In particular, the modified RF method can be derived by the principle of neutralization utilized in the ZMM, and we also found a direct relationship between IPS and ZMM.
Pharmacological Treatment of Children and Adolescents Diagnosed with
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity Disorder at Mental Health Services in Qatar: A
Retrospective Study
Authors: Abdallah Oraib , Isleem Nour , Abu-Kuhail Rania , El Hoseny Sali , Eltorki Yassin , Al Khuzaei Noriya 
Published: December 2022

Background:
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common mental disorders affecting children. The consequences of ADHD could seriously impact the patient’s life, and thus parental training, behavioral therapies, and pharmacological interventions are the main therapeutic options applied. This study was conducted to explore the trends of prescribing pharmacological medications used in ADHD and identify the reasons for discontinuation of such medications.

Methodology:
A retrospective chart review for patients diagnosed with ADHD at Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS) in Qatar from January 2019 to December 2019 was carried out. Patients less than 18 years old, diagnosed with ADHD as per the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), and were on pharmacological treatment for ADHD were suitable to be included. Patients who were not on anti-ADHD medications were excluded from the study.

Results:
Ninety-two patients were eligible to be included in the study. Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) was found to be the most coexisting condition in addition to ADHD in 16.3%. Methylphenidate was the most prescribed medication (68.5%), followed by atomoxetine (30.4%). None of the participants were found on modafinil, guanfacine, bupropion, or benzodiazepines, and none exceeded the maximum licensed dose of either methylphenidate or atomoxetine. Half (50%) of the sample on atomoxetine discontinued treatment compared to 14.2% in the methylphenidate group.

Conclusion:
The clinical practice of prescribing pharmacological options for ADHD was thoroughly in alignment with international guidelines. The effects of long-term use of these psychotropics in this particular group of patients on their neurobiological, behavioral, and physical health should be studied further.
Growth-hormone-releasing Hormone as a Prognostic Biomarker and
Therapeutic Target in Gastrointestinal Cancer
Authors: Avan Amir , Mehrabadi Shima , Velayati Mahla , Zafari Nima , Hassanian Seyed Mahdi , Mobarhan Majid Ghayour , Ferns Gordon , Khazaei Majid 
Published: December 2022

Abstract:
Gastrointestinal cancers are prevalent cancers in the world with a poor prognosis, causing
about one-half of all cancer deaths in the world. Unfortunately, there is no effective treatment for GI
cancers. GHRH and GHRH receptors (GHRH-R) are expressed in various tumoral tissues and cell
lines. The inhibition of GHRH-R is a new area of research because it provides a possible means of
treating several types of cancer. Recent publications have reported GHRH and GHRH-R expressions
in breast, pancreatic, prostate, colon, gastric, ovarian, and lung cancers, along with promising data
about the use of GHRH antagonists in the treatment of different cancers. This review aims to summarize
the recent studies on the relationship between GHRH and GI cancers and assess whether this
hormone can be our target for therapy or used as a prognostic marker for GI cancers.
Perbandingan Ketelitian GNSS dengan Metode NRTK, Real-Time PPP dan Post-Processed PPP
Authors: Ramadhon Syafril , Tryono FX. Yudi , Fauzi Ihwan , Pramudita Gian Nugraha 
Published: December 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan ketelitian data koordinat tiga dimensi pengukuran GNSS dengan metode Network Real-Time Kinematik (NRTK), Real-Time Kinematik Precise Point Positioning (RTK-PPP) dan Precise Point Positioning (PPP) secara post-processing. Metode penelitian dilakukan dengan membandingkan data posisi tiga dimensi dari enam titik pengamatan yang masing-masing dwiukur menggunakan setiap metode pengukuran GNSS tersebut. Metode NRTK dilakukan dengan menggunakan stasiun Continuously Operating Reference Station (CORS) milik Badan Informasi Geospasial (BIG), metode RT-PPP dilakukan dengan menggunakan layanan koreksi secara Real-Time dari Trimble Center Point RTX, Adapun metode PPP pengolahan data dilakukan dengan memanfaatkan layanan Trimble CenterPoint RTX Post-Processing. Analisis data dilakukan dengan membandingkan data posisi horizontal serta data tinggi dengan setiap metode pada setiap titik pengamatan. Analisis data juga dilakukan pada waktu pengamatan yang dibutuhkan pada metode NRTK dan RT-PPP untuk mencapai ketelitian tiga dimensi di bawah 5 cm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan rata-rata pada posisi horizontal untuk setiap metode sebesar 0.224 m di sumbu easting dan 0.096 m di sumbu northing. Adapun untuk data tinggi perbedaan rata-rata terbesar adalah pada metode NRTK yang dibandingkan dengan metode PPP ITRF 2008 dan 2014 yaitu sebesar 0.255 m dan perbedaan rata-rata terkecil adalah pada metode NRTK yang dibandingkan dengan metode RT-PPP yaitu sebesar 0.077 m. Terkait dengan waktu pengamatan, pada metode NRTK, waktu yang diperlukan untuk mencapai ketelitian yang stabil < 5 cm pada lokasi pengamatan yang bebas obstruksi memerlukan waktu kurang dari satu menit, sedangkan pada metode RT-PPP, waktu yang diperlukan memerlukan waktu dengan kisaran antara 11 hingga 20 menit.
From Concepts to Texts and Back: Operationalization as a Core Activity of Digital Humanities
Authors: Pichler Axel , Reiter Nils 
Published: December 2022

This article puts operationalization as a research practice and its theoretical consequences into focus. As all sciences as well as humanities areas use concepts to describe their realm of investigation, digital humanities projects are usually faced with the challenge of ‘bridging the gap’ from theoretical concepts (whose meaning(s) depend on a certain theory and which are used to describe expectations, hypothesis and results) to results derived from data. The process of developing methods to bridge this gap is called ‘operationalization’, and it is a common task for any kind of quantitative, formal, or digital analysis. Furthermore, operationalization choices have long-lasting consequences, as they (obviously) influence the results that can be achieved, and, in turn, the possibilities to interpret these results in terms of the original research question. However, even though this process is so important and so common, its theoretical consequences are rarely reflected. Because the concepts that are operationalized cannot be operationalized in isolation, operationalizing is not only an engineering or implementation challenge, but touches on the theoretical core of the research questions we work on, and the fields we work in. In this article, we first clarify the need to operationalize on selected, representative examples, situate the process within typical DH workflows, and highlight the consequences that operationalization decisions have. We will then argue that operationalization plays such a crucial role for the digital humanities that any kind of theory needs to take off from operationalization practices. Based on these assumptions, we will develop a first scheme of the constraints and necessities of such a theory and reflect their epistemic consequences.
Марины (порты для яхт). Часть II. Состояние, история и перспективы развития инфраструктуры яхтинга на Черноморском побережье Краснодарского края
Authors: Гришин Николай 
Published: December 2022

В статье описаны основные этапы про­цесса создания и развития марин - портов для яхт. По­казано влияние марин как градообразующих объектов на развитие береговой зоны- катализаторов урбанизации, активных и популярных общественных пространств, цен­тров пешеходного туризма, мест проведения различных спортивных и культурных мероприятий. Современные марины являются ключевым элементом комплексного развития береговой зоны, развития индустрии яхтинга и водного туризма. Отражена важность марин как объектов, обеспечивающих безопасное и комфортное вдольберего- вое морское пассажирское сообщение. На сегодняшний день инфраструктура яхтинга на Черноморском побережье России только начинает развиваться, есть примеры удач­ных решений, есть и негативный опыт создания марин. При этом марины обладают огромным туристическим и инвестиционным потенциалом, что подтверждается миро­вым опытом их создания и эксплуатации за последние 50 лет. Современная марина - это уже не просто место для стоянки яхт, это центр притяжения для туристов и мест­ных жителей с самыми разными интересами, запросами и требованиями к отдыху, спорту и новым впечатлениям. Приведена аргументация, поясняющая актуальность пред­лагаемых решений, и конкретные примеры создания марин как морских рекреационных комплексов.
Продолжение. Начало в № 3 за 2022 год