bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immediate and short-term effects of low-level laser on the functional performance of athletes with exercise-induced muscle fatigue: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Monteiro Renan , Vaz Luana , Barreiros Dayane , Neto João , Landre Cleuton 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
Sports that require repetitive movements put athletes at high risk of injury, especially when combined with an exhaustive routine of training and matches and reduced rest time. Recovery from exercise-induced muscle fatigue is important for improving athletic performance, and various therapeutic modalities have been studied to expedite this process. Low-level laser therapy is an intervention that has shown potential benefits in muscle tissue recovery before and after sports practice. This study aims to evaluate the immediate and short-term effects of low-level laser therapy on the functional performance of handball and volleyball athletes with exercise-induced muscle fatigue. The secondary objective is to evaluate the short-term effects of low-level laser therapy on muscle activity levels of the femoral quadriceps muscle.
Methods
This is a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial involving 24 athletes aged between 18 and 35 years. The primary outcome of the study is functional performance (measured by a modified hop test), and the secondary outcome is the level of electromyographic activity. After baseline evaluations, the athletes will be randomized and allocated into two groups: Intervention Group (GI, n = 12) and Control Group (CG, n = 12). They will undergo a fatigue protocol followed by either laser or placebo therapy. This study will contribute to the knowledge of the immediate and short-term effects of low-level laser therapy on athletes with exercise-induced muscle fatigue. It may also provide valuable information on the potential benefits of low-level laser therapy as a muscle recovery intervention in sports practice.
Discussion
We hypothesize that the intervention group will demonstrate superior functional performance outcomes compared to the control group.
Trial registration:
ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05344183; 25/04/2022.“ Immediate and Short-term Effects of Low-level Laser”.
Predicting hypoproteinemia among patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis: A development and validation study based on machine learning algorithms
Authors: Yao Wang , Jingshu Yang , Haiyan Wang , Huiru Zhang , Xiaotian Duan , Songyu Wang , Hongshi Cao 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPurpose Maintenance hemodialysis (MHD), which can cause various complications, is a common alternative therapy for patients with ESRD. This research built a prediction model of hypoproteinemia among ESRD patients based on machine learning algorithms. Method A total of 468 patients were selected as subjects. The “hypoproteinemia risk factor data extraction table” was drawn up after a literature review. Univariate analysis was used to screen independent risk factors as prediction variables. After hyper parameter adjustment by k-fold (k = 5) cross-validation and grid search, random forest (RF), support vector machine (SVM), back propagation (BP) neural network and logistic regression (LR) prediction models were developed. The model was evaluated by 6 dimensions, including AUROC, accuracy, precision, sensitivity, specificity and F1 score, and an importance matrix diagram was used to describe the importance. Result The incidence of hypoproteinemia in total was 30.8%. According to univariate analysis, the difference between the hypoproteinemia and nonhypoproteinemia groups was significant in 18 aspects, including age, weight, dialysis duration, and dialysis frequency. In the training set, the AUROC values of the RF, SVM, and LR models were all greater than 0.8 unlike the BP neural network (0.798). The RF model had the highest AUC value (0.924). The specificities of the LR and RF models were similar (0.846 and 0.839, respectively), while the RF model had the best accuracy (0.924) and balanced F1 score (0.751). The models had higher performance indexes in the test set than in the training set, with the RF and BP models performing better in AUROC (0.981, 0.948) and the RF model being better in accuracy, specificity balanced F1 score and precision. The top 5 prediction variables were hypersensitivity C reactive protein, age, weight, usage of high-throughput dialyzers, and dialysis age. ConclusionTheRF model performed best. The model could help recognize characteristics related to hypoproteinemia during clinical practice, thereby enhancing nurses’ risk perception and improving accurate screening, primary prevention and early intervention.
Role of carbon nano tubes for improving drought tolerance via upregulation of physiological attributes processes of peanut plant grown in sandy soils
Authors: Sadak Mervat Sh. , Ashkar Naglaa M Al , Bakry Bakry A 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Drought stress resulted due to climatic variations is a universal issue thatoccurs unexpected result in significant impacts on growth, development as well asyield of different plants. Carbon materials impact on plant subjected to different stresses are still poorly studied. Thus, this study was carried outto investigate the feasibility of applying carbon nanotubes (CNTs)(0, 20, & 40mg/L) as foliar treatment for mitigating the reduced effect of water stress (100%, 75% & 50%irrigation water IW) on peanut plants growing in sandy soilthrough assessment growth, productivity, and some physiological and biochemical measurements.Exposure of peanut to decrease irrigation water led to significant decreases in growth, yield photosynthetic pigments, indole acetic acid IAA, and some nutritional components of yielded peanut seeds.While increased osmolytes as total soluble carbohydrates TSS, proline in addition to free amino acids and phenolics, however, foliar spraying with CNTscould ameliorate the diminished impacts of decreased irrigation water on growth and production via enhancing the studied physiological parameters as photosynthetic pigments, IAA, in addition to osmolytes and phenolics. Furthermore, the application of carbon nano tubes improved the nutrient contents expressed by oil yield, protein yield, total carbohydrates, antioxidant activities (DPPH), B- carotene, lycopene and flavonoids in peanut seeds either under normal or water stress conditions. Higher level 40 mg/L CNTs was more effective than lower one 20 mg/L on increasing the above mentioned parameters. In conclusion, foliar treatment with carbon nano tube has the ability to enhance peanut drought tolerance and increase growth and productivity under sandy soil conditions.
Development and validation of digital self-harm: population-based study of adolescent in China
Authors: Xu Mingtu , Mei Songli , Li Jingyang , Wu Bo , Fu Cong , Tian Runhui 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background: The purpose of this study was to develop a digital self-harm scale suitable for Chinese adolescents, and to test its reliability and validity.
Methods: Through open interview, literature analysis and expert evaluation, the initial questionnaire was developed, and 1651 students from three middle schools in Jilin Province were selected for questionnaire survey. Item analysis and exploratory factor analysis were carried out, and 843 students were selected for confirmatory factor analysis, convergent validity, discrimination validity, criterion validity,split-half reliability, content consistency reliability and test-retest reliability.
Results: The results showed that the digital self-harm scale consisted of eight items divided into two factors, namely External self image harm and Inner self emotional harm. And 73.47% of the total variance was explained. The two-factor structure model fitted well (2χ/df =4.2, CFI = 0.994, TLI = 0.989, SRMR= 0.01, RMSEA= 0.062). The total score and each factor score of the digital self-harm scale were negatively correlated with sleep duration, and positively correlated with other criteria. The Cronbach α coefficient of the total scale and each factor was 0.938-0.965, the split-half reliability was 0.834-0.920, and the test-retest reliability was 0.983-0.991.
Limitations:The Inner self emotional harm dimension has few questions，the relationship and mechanism between digital self-harm and non-suicidal self-injury is not deep enough.
Conclusions: The digital self-harm scale developed in this study has good validity and reliability, and can be used as a measurement tool to assess the digital self-harm of Chinese adolescents.
Assessment of Spiritual intelligence, spiritual practices and their association with wellbeing of students entering a medical college in India
Authors: Vaishnav Bhalendu , Verma Jagdish , Prabhakaran Anusha , Ganjiwale Jaishree , Vaghela Nirav , Vaishnav Rutam , Vaishnav Smruti 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background: Spiritual intelligence (SI) is reported to provide meaning-giving and context-creator functionality, besides enhancing academic engagement and care competence. Enabling medical students to become aware about their own SI has a potential to provide a transformational edge to the learning process. Method: We studied spiritual intelligence, daily spiritual practices, and work satisfaction of 127 students of first year undergraduate course in an Indian medical college using a questionnaire-based survey. Spiritual Intelligence Self-Report Inventory (SISRI 24) was used which measures overall spiritual intelligence and its 4 components: Critical existential thinking, Personal meaning production, Transcendental awareness, Conscious state expansion. Results were analysed by STATA 14 software.
Results: Eighty five percent students had moderate/high SI. Scores: Critical existential thinking (17.0/28), Personal meaning production (12.9 /20) Transcendental awareness (17.8/28), Conscious state expansion (9.8./20). SI was significantly associated with work satisfaction(p=0.006). More than 80% students were regularly undertaking spiritual practices (prayer, meditation, etc). Students consider spirituality as an important is helpful in professional growth.
Conclusion: First year medical students have moderate/high spiritual intelligence associated with good work satisfaction. Students consider spirituality as essential component of education for enhancing self-development and professional competence. Students entering medical studies should be provided opportunities for exploring their spiritual insight and strengthening the same for as a pedagogic intervention.
Application of Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing (mNGS) and real-time RT-PCR Using different nasopharyngeal swabs in Diagnosing SARS-CoV-2 Omicron
Authors: LI Sujuan , Zhang Yuanhang , Tong pengcheng , Yang wei 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background: The Omicron variant, which main types was BA5.2and BF.7 in China, in December 2022 to January 2023 leaded to off-target of the S and N genes, and the kits used were not adequately and independently evaluated when these agents are studied and developed. To ensure the accuracy of coronavirus test results, performance verification of commercial Real-Time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR)
was required.
Objective: We performed a clinical evaluation for two Real Time SARS-CoV-2 assay, and to verify them based on different detection reagents and different clinical specimens.
Methods: We performed clinical evaluations of two existing Chinese SARS-CoV-2 RT-qPCR kits COVID-19 nucleic acid detection kits (e-Diagnostic Biomedical, Wuhan, China) and 2019-nCoV nucleic acid diagnostic kits (Fosun Biotechnology, Shanghai, China) using BSD ( Bondson) (Guangzhou Bondson Biotechnology Co. Ltd.;batch number 2022101), quality controls provided by the inspection center and a large number of clinically confirmed specimens.
Results: The coincidence rate for Fosun and e-Diagnostic kits were individually 95% and 100%. Verified that the detection limit for Fosun and e-Diagnostic kits was 300copies/mL. All were below the detection limit for Fosun reagent was 300copies/mL. e-Diagnostic was 500copies/mL. Fosun had the largest CV for ORF1ab and N gene at the the detection limit concentration(4.80%,3.49%), while e-Diagnostic had the smaller (0.93%,1.10%). Negative results were tested in cross-reactivity. During the verification of clinical samples, sequencing analyses had shown that Fosun single gene miss rate was relatively high, especially ORF1ab, followed by N gene miss rate. we survey that all N genes were detected in clinical specimens, ,ORFab dropout (i.e., a negative/low result) occurred in (10.8%) of 225 Omicron variant.
Conclusions: Our results endorse the use of these two commercial kits for the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 in China, as their clinical performance has been fully validated by a large number of clinically confirmed cases.
Transvenous Endocardial Pacing with SelectSecureTM 3830 Lead in Pediatric Patients: Case Series of Two Infants and a Literature Review
Authors: Yang Chuan , Qi Jing , Alam Mahmood , Zou Deling 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background: The SelectSecureTM 3830 lead is an innovative, lumenless, and thin active fixed lead with a nonretractable screw-in tip and a diameter of 4.1 Fr, making it the thinnest pacing lead available. Its high anti-extrusion properties and durability have shown favorable outcomes in cardiac pacing, especially in pediatric patients. The superfine design and easy implantation of the lead have rendered it a preferred choice in children, particularly in cases of congenital heart disease.
Case presentation: This case series presents two infant patients who underwent transvenous endocardial pacing using the SelectSecureTM 3830 lead, along with a comprehensive literature review on the topic. The study followed the patients for 5 years and 1.5 years, respectively, and observed stable pacing parameters, indicating a positive therapeutic outcome and safety.
This article discusses the optimal age and body shape for transvenous lead implantation in infants and highlights the advantages and disadvantages of endocardial and epicardial pacing approaches. Although endocardial pacing offers several benefits such as minimal trauma, short hospital stay, and longer battery life, it may not be suitable for intracardiac shunts, and venous occlusion remains a concern. On the other hand, epicardial pacing may be considered for children with challenging endocardial access but comes with higher risk of lead failure and coronary artery compression.
This study emphasizes the importance of careful follow-up in pediatric patients with pacing, as lead failure can occur in young patients owing to growth and development, leading to syncope and battery depletion. The article also underscores the significance of selecting the appropriate pacing location to minimize the impact of cardiac function, with right ventricular septal pacing emerging as a preferable option.
Conclusions: The SelectSecureTM 3830 lead presents a promising solution for transvenous endocardial pacing in pediatric patients with high atrioventricular block and bradycardia, ensuring safe and effective pacing as they grow and develop.
A study on curative care expenditure and the financing burden from different comorbidity states of chronic hepatitis B
Authors: Wei Qiaoying , Fan Lanming , Yang Lian , Li Jia , Tian Xingjun , Sun Qun , Zhou Yuelin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
The hepatitis B incidence rate has dropped significantly in China recent years. However, the number of hepatitis B virus carriers and infected people is still relatively high due to the extensive population base. The study calculated the curative care expenditure and financing burden from different comorbidity states of chronic hepatitis B in Sichuan Province, to provide a reference for the relevant government departments to invest in the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases, and to optimize health insurance protection measures for this disease.
Methods
Data on the CCE of 242,749 CHB patients were collected from 1,600 healthcare institutions in Sichuan Province in 2019 using a multistage stratified random sampling method. Based on the System of Health Accounts 2011, the CCE of CHB in different comorbidity states was calculated from the dimensions of service function, financing schemes, institutional flows, and beneficiary group distribution.
Results
The total CCE of CHB in Sichuan Province in 2019 was USD 85.49 million. Most of the total CCE (USD 67.16 million) was spent on outpatient services, whereby the main source of financing for the outpatient expenditure was household out-of-pocket payment (75.71%). Conversely, the CCE for inpatient services (USD 18.33 million) was mainly financed by public financing schemes (46.38%). More than 70% of the CCE flowed to general hospitals, and less than 20% flowed to primary healthcare institutions, while the CCE varied significantly among different comorbidity groups. In this case, the CCE for patients with no additional comorbidities and those in the low comorbidity group was mainly spent on patients under the age of around 35 years and those in the 40–49 age group, respectively, while the CCE in the high comorbidity group was mainly used for patients aged around 50 or 55 years.
Conclusions
The present study shows that a high proportion of the CCE allotted to CHB is financed by household out-of-pocket payment; this situation poses a heavy medical burden on individuals. Therefore, the financing structure needs to be optimized urgently. Overall, it is imperative to continuously improve the outpatient mutual aid protection mechanism, effectively improve the curative rate for antiviral treatments aimed at CHB.
Role of sulfide on DNRA distribution and the microbial community structure in a sulfide-driven nitrate reduction process
Authors: Li Xiaoling , Zhao JianQiang , Lu Zhaolin , Zhou Juncai , Zhang Wenbo , Hu Bo 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The two competing paths in microbial nitrate-reduction process are denitrification and dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA). In this study, a series of batch tests with five sulfide/nitrate (S/N) ratio were performed in a labratory-scale sequencing biofilm batch reactor (SBBR). This was done to investigate DNRA distribution in a sole sulfur-driven nitrogen conversion process. While DNRA increased its share in the sulfide-oxidizing autotrophic denitrification (SOAD) -dominant process as the S/N ratio was increased to 1.5:1, 1.7:1, and 2:1, the highest share was 35.3% at an S/N ratio of 1.5:1. The redox potential (ORP) pattern demonstrated that the knee points of NO3−-N and NO2−-N were separated when there was only SOAD, whereas the two points overlapped when DNRA coexisted with SOAD. 16S rRNA analysis revealed that the DNRA functional genera in autotrophic nitrate reduction process were Ignavibacterium, Hydrogenophaga, and Geobacter. DNRA divergence investigation could provide guidance for the strengthen biological nitrogen removal process especially coupled with anammox process.
Contributing factors for pregnancy outcomes in women with PCOS after their first FET treatment: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Chen Xi , Hong Ling , Mo Meilan , Xiao Shan , Yin Tailang , Liu Su 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackground There is no consensus on the factors influencing pregnancy outcomes in frozen embryo transfer (FET) cycles in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Our aim is to explore the contributing factors of clinical pregnancy outcomes in PCOS patients undergoing their first FET treatment. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients with PCOS undergoing their first FET treatment at a private fertility center from January 2018 to December 2021. A total of 574 patients with PCOS were eventually included. Our main outcome was to identify the factors influencing the clinical pregnancy rate, live birth rate, miscarriage rate and preterm delivery rate of PCOS patients during their first FET. Results Women with clinical pregnancy had significantly lower progesterone levels (P = 0.014) and significantly higher endometrial thickness (EMT) (P = 0.006) on human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) trigger day than women with non-pregnancy. In multivariate logistics regression analysis adjusted for maternal age, body mass index (BMI), infertility years and some other confounders, progesterone levels (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.109, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.018–0.670) and EMT (aOR 1.126, 95% CI 1.043–1.419) on the hCG trigger day were associated with the clinical pregnancy rate. Similarly, in another multivariate logistics regression analysis, progesterone levels (aOR 0.055, 95% CI 0.007–0.420) and EMT (aOR 1.179, 95% CI 1.011–1.376) on the hCG trigger day were associated with the live birth rate. Quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI) < 0.357 and fewer oocytes retrieved were associated with miscarriage in univariate logistic regression analysis, but after adjusting for relevant confounders, they had no significant effect on miscarriage. Antral follicle count (AFC) (aOR 1.179, 95% CI 1.011–1.376) was found to be a risk factor for preterm delivery in the first FET cycle of PCOS patients. Conclusions In women with PCOS undergoing their first FET, lower progesterone levels and higher EMT on hCG trigger day were associated with clinical pregnancy and live birth, and AFC was a risk factor for preterm delivery. During FET treatment, paying attention to the patient's endocrine indicators and follicle status may have a positive effect on predicting and improving the pregnancy outcome of PCOS patients.
Neuroprotective potential of intranasally delivered L-myc immortalized human neural stem cells in female rats after a controlled cortical impact injury
Authors: Amirbekyan Mari , Cheng Jeffrey P. , Adhikarla Vikram , Moschonas Eleni H. , Bondi Corina O. , Rockne Russell C. , Kline Anthony E. , Gutova Margarita 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Efficacious stem cell-based therapies for traumatic brain injury (TBI) depend on successful delivery, migration, and engraftment of stem cells to induce neuroprotection. L-myc expressing human neural stem cells (LMNSC008) demonstrate an inherent tropism to injury sites after intranasal (IN) administration. We hypothesize that IN delivered LMNSC008 cells migrate to primary and secondary injury sites and modulate biomarkers associated with neuroprotection and tissue regeneration. To test this, immunocompetent adult female rats received a controlled cortical impact injury (CCI) or sham surgery. LMNSC008 cells or a vehicle (VEH) were administered IN on postoperative days 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, and 17. The distribution and migration of eGFP-expressing LMNSC008 cells were quantified over 1 mm-thick optically cleared (CLARITY) coronal brain sections from TBI and SHAM controls. NSC migration was observed along white matter tracts projecting toward the hippocampus and regions of TBI. ELISA and Nanostring assays revealed a shift in tissue gene expression in LMNSC008 treated rats relative to controls. LMNSC008 treatment reduced expression of genes and pathways involved in inflammatory response, microglial function, and various cytokines and receptors. The data demonstrate a robust proof-of-concept for LMNSC008 therapy for TBI and provides a strong rationale for IN delivery for translation in TBI patients.