bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of Temperature Compensation Strategies for Ultrasonic Guided Waves to Distributed Sensor Networks
Authors: Memmolo Vittorio , Lugovtsova Yevgeniya , Olino Massimiliano , Prager Jens 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Temperature compensation strategies play a key role in the implementation of guided wave based structural health monitoring approaches. The varying temperature influences the performance of the inspection system inducing false alarms or missed detection, with a consequent reduction of reliability. This paper quantitatively assesses two temperature compensation methods, namely the optimal baseline selection (OBS) and the baseline signal stretch (BSS), with the aim to extend their use to the case of distributed sensor networks (DSN). The effect of temperature separation between baseline time-traces in OBS and BSS are investigated considering multiple couples of sensors employed in the DSN. A decision strategy that uses frequent value warning to define the optimal baseline or stretching parameter is found to be effective analyzing data from two several experiments, which use different frequency analysis with either predominantly A0 mode or S0 mode data or both. The focus is given on the fact that different paths are available in a sensor network and several possible combinations of results are available. Nonetheless, introducing a frequent value warning it is possible to increase the efficiency of the OBS and BSS approach making use of fewer signal processing algorithms. In addition, the effectiveness of those approach is quantified using damage indicators as metric, which confirms that the performance of OBS and BSS quantitatively agree with predictions and also demonstrate that the use of compensation strategies improve detectability of damage with a higher reliability of the system.
A Generic Numerical Solver for Modeling the Influence of Stress Conditions on Guided Wave Propagation for SHM Applications
Authors: Dalmora André , Imperiale Alexandre , Imperiale Sébastien , Moireau Philippe 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In leading-edge industrial applications, assessing structure integrity is an important aspect of safety requirements. Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) proposes to use sensors and signal processing units in situ. One of the most attractive SHM techniques relies on ultrasonic guided waves. Modeling and simulation can be helpful tools for the design or the reliability assessment of SHM solutions. Currently available models developed for that purpose do not take into account effects of operational conditions such as internal stresses. These conditions can change wave propagation and therefore affect the interpretation of recorded signals. The objective of this work is to propose a model that fills this gap, and to derive corresponding numerical methods for elastic wave propagation in an arbitrarily deformed medium. Any hyperelastic constitutive law can be considered. As the structures considered are usually thin, we avoid shear-locking by using a shell formulation to solve the quasi-static problem representing the effects of structure loading. The computed displacement is then fed into a spectral elements method (SFEM) kernel to solve the time-domain linearized 3D elastodynamics problem representing the wave propagation. We validate our model against experimental data in the literature for an isotropic aluminium plate under tensile forces. Additionally, we apply these numerical procedures to a realistic bending experiment of a steel pipe. These validations steps show that our generic approach is able to capture the effects of stresses on ultrasonic guided wave propagation such as changes in wave velocity and induced anisotropy.
Maintaining patient-centredness in Australian medical students: Culture, curriculum and selection criteria
Authors: Harding Catherine , Seal Alexa , Vlok Ruan , Doyle Zelda , Dean Andrew , McGirr Joe 
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Previous studies have shown that patient-centredness may become eroded as students progress through medical training. The primary objective of this study was to explore the differences in patient-centred attitudes between first- and final-year students in the context of an Australian medical school. The secondary objective was to determine whether student factors such as age, gender, background (rural/urban), discipline of previous degree and specialty of interest were associated with patient-centred attitudes.

Methods: This cross-sectional study surveyed 214 first-year and 141 final-year Australian medical students in 2016 and 2017 (total n = 355). Score on the Patient–Practitioner Orientation Scale (PPOS) was the main outcome measure.

Results: Anonymous questionnaires were completed by 355 students (76.2%). Mean PPOS score was 4.51 (SD 0.46). Although there was no difference in mean PPOS between first-year and fourth-year students, female respondents were significantly more patient-centred than male respondents (4.58 vs 4.42, p = 0.002). Students with an interest in a surgical specialty had significantly lower patient-centredness than students with a non-surgical specialty of interest (4.36 vs 4.55, p = 0.002). Having general practice intentions was not associated with higher patient-centredness. Students with a previous humanities-based degree had higher patient-centredness than students with previous degrees in different areas (4.67 vs 4.49, p = 0.025).

Conclusions:
There appears to be no erosion of patient-centredness between first-year and fourth/final-year students. Medical student selection and university culture may have influenced this finding.
Patient activation, adherence to hypertension treatment plans and blood pressure control in Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Innab Adnan , Kerari Ali , Alqahtani Naji , Albloushi Monirah , Alshammari Alkadi 
Published: January 2023

ObjectivesTo explore the relationship between patient activation, adherence to hypertension treatment plans, blood pressure control and other important demographic factors.DesignA cross-sectional study.SettingPrimary healthcare centres in Riyadh province, Saudi Arabia.ParticipantsA total of 114 adults with hypertension, including 68 men and 46 women.Outcome measurementsBlood pressure control is achieved if (a) patients under 80 years of age with treated hypertension have blood pressure under 140/90 mm Hg or (b) patients aged 80 years or over with treated hypertension have blood pressure under 150/90 mm Hg. Secondary outcomes included patient activation, adherence to hypertension treatment plans and demographic factors (age, gender, education, income and comorbidity). Data were analysed using Pearson’s correlation and multiple regression models.Results57% (n=66) of participants did not achieve the ideal blood pressure target. Perfect adherence to hypertension treatment plans was significantly associated with lower systolic (r=−0.38, p<0.01) and diastolic blood pressure (r=−0.50, p<0.01). Age was significantly correlated with patient activation (r=−0.20, p<0.05) and diastolic blood pressure (r=−0.33, p<0.01). There was no statistically significant association between Patient Activation Measure, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure. In the hierarchical regression analysis, adherence to hypertension treatment plans was found to be a significant predictor and explained 15% of the variance in systolic blood pressure (β=−0.36, p<0.001) and 26% of the variance in diastolic blood pressure (β=−0.51, p<0.001).ConclusionThe individual and family self-management theory can serve as an effective theory for understanding the key factors in achieving ideal blood pressure target. The majority of patients with hypertension reported lower levels of activation and poor blood pressure control. Inadequate adherence to treatment plans was related to poor blood pressure control. This work is pivotal in devising self-management interventions to assist patients in the management of hypertension disease, especially in Saudi Arabia.
Health-related quality of life and its determinants among patients with diabetes mellitus: a multicentre cross-sectional study in Northwest Ethiopia
Authors: Sendekie Ashenafi Kibret , Dagnew Ephrem Mebratu , Tefera Bereket Bahiru , Belachew Eyayaw Ashete 
Published: January 2023

ObjectivesThis study assessed the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and its determinants in patients with diabetes.Design and settingAn institutional-based multicentre prospective cross-sectional study design was conducted in diabetes follow-up clinics of selected hospitals in Northwest Ethiopia from April to July 2022.ParticipantsAll eligible adult patients with diabetes at the selected facilities.Main outcome measuresHRQoL was measured using EuroQol 5-dimensions 5-levels (EQ-5D-5L) and the EuroQol-Visual Analogue Scales (EQ-VAS) instruments. A lower EQ-5D-5L utility mean score for each dimension and/or an overall lower utility score of EQ-5D-5L and EQ-VAS scores are intended to show poor HRQoL. Linear regression analysis was used to identify the association of HRQoL and other variables.ResultsOut of the 422 samples approached, 402 (95.3%) participated in the study. Most of the participants (>85%) reported having moderate-to-severe problems in all five EQ dimensions. The overall EQ-5D-5L utility and EQ-VAS scores were 0.56 (±0.11) and 56.7 (±10.1), respectively. A higher body mass index (BMI) (p < 0.001), a higher number of medications (p = 0.037), a high level of blood glucose (p < 0.001), the presence of comorbidities and/or complications (p = 0.031), hypoglycaemia (p = 0.043) and taking insulin (p < 0.001) were associated with worsened HRQoL, whereas practicing self-monitoring of blood glucose (p = 0.002) and taking aspirin (p = 0.008) had a significant association with increased HRQoL.ConclusionThis study concluded that the HRQoL of patients was compromised in all five measuring dimensions. The EQ-5D-5L utility and EQ-VAS scores were far lower than other findings. Clinical and medication-related variables, such as a higher BMI, a higher number of medications, the presence of comorbidities and/or complications, hypoglycaemia and insulin use were associated with poor HRQoL in patients with diabetes. As a result, interventions should be individualised and focused on determinant factors.
Effects of a blended multimedia teaching approach on self-efficacy and skills in over-the-counter medication counselling versus a lecture-based approach: protocol for a prospective cohort study of undergraduate students from a pharmacy school in Taiwan
Authors: Huang Yen-Ming , Chan Hsun-Yu , Wang Yao-Hsing , Ho Yunn-Fang 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionAddressing communication skills in pharmacy curricula is one of the effective tactics to equip future pharmacists with better skillsets for medication counselling. To achieve this, blended teaching of PowerPoint slides and videos holds great potential for undergraduate pharmacy education majors by integrating multimedia and performance feedback into instruction. This study will develop a blended teaching programme featuring didactic lectures with video-based materials to improve students’ self-efficacy and skills in medication counselling.Methods and analysisThis study applies critical principles and effects outlined in multimedia learning by Richard Mayeret alto develop teaching materials and perform skill evaluation for two undergraduate cohorts (class of 2025 and 2026) enrolled in Introduction to Community Pharmacy separately in 2022 and 2023. Students will receive different teaching approaches to medication counselling. In the control cohort (ie, class of 2025), students will receive a 4-week PowerPoint slides-based instruction in communication skills. We will develop six videos illustrating common scenarios of over-the-counter (OTC) medication counselling in community pharmacies. In the intervention cohort (ie, class of 2026), students will receive a 3-week PowerPoint slides-based instruction and a week-long video-based instruction in communication skills. A pre-and-post survey will be administered to evaluate students’ self-efficacy in OTC counselling. In addition, each student will be evaluated through one-on-one role-playing with standardised patients in the final to demonstrate their skills in OTC counselling. A structured checklist will be used to assess students’ counselling skills. T-tests will be applied to examine differences in self-efficacy of OTC counselling. Multivariate regression analyses will determine which teaching approach better facilitates the development of self-efficacy and performance in OTC counselling.Ethics and disseminationThe Research Ethics Committee of the National Taiwan University Hospital approved this study. The findings will be shared with pharmacy educators and contribute to existing instructional methods to facilitate the competence of pharmacy students in OTC counselling.
The Natural Helper approach to culturally responsive disease management: protocol for a type 1 effectiveness-implementation cluster randomised controlled trial of a cultural mentor programme
Authors: Brady Bernadette , Sidhu Balwinder , Jennings Matthew , Saberi Golsa , Tang Clarice , Hassett Geraldine , Boland Robert , Dennis Sarah , Ashton-James Claire , Refshauge Kathryn , Descallar Joseph , Lim David , Said Catherine M , Williams Gavin , Sayed Samia , Naylor Justine M 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionChronic disease is a leading cause of death and disability that disproportionately burdens culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) communities. Self-management is a cornerstone of effective chronic disease management. However, research suggests that patients from CALD communities may be less likely to engage with self-management approaches. The Natural Helper Programme aims to facilitate patient engagement with self-management approaches (ie, ‘activation’) by embedding cultural mentors with lived experience of chronic disease into chronic disease clinics/programmes. The Natural Helper Trial will explore the effect of cultural mentors on patient activation, health self-efficacy, coping efforts and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) while also evaluating the implementation strategy.Methods and analysisA hybrid type-1 effectiveness-implementation cluster-randomised controlled trial (phase one) and a mixed-method controlled before-and-after cohort extension of the trial (phase 2). Hospital clinics in highly multicultural regions in Australia that provide healthcare for patients with chronic and/or complex conditions, will participate. A minimum of 16 chronic disease clinics (clusters) will be randomised to immediate (active arm) or delayed implementation (control arm). In phase 1, the active arm will receive a multifaceted strategy supporting them to embed cultural mentors in their services while the control arm continues with usual care. Each cluster will recruit an average of 15 patients, assessed at baseline and 6 months (n=240). In phase 2, clusters in the control arm will receive the implementation strategy and evaluate the intervention on an additional 15 patients per cluster, while sustainability in active arm clusters will be assessed qualitatively. Change in activation over 6 months, measured using the Patient Activation Measure will be the primary effectiveness outcome, while secondary effectiveness outcomes will explore changes in chronic disease self-efficacy, coping strategies and HRQoL. Secondary implementation outcomes will be collected from patient–participants, mentors and healthcare providers using validated questionnaires, customised surveys and interviews aligning with the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance framework to evaluate acceptability, reach, dose delivered, sustainability, cost-utility and healthcare provider determinants.Ethics and disseminationThis trial has full ethical approval (2021/ETH12279). The results from this hybrid trial will be presented at scientific meetings and published in peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration numberACTRN12622000697785.
Feasibility and acceptability of perioperative application of biofeedback-based virtual reality versus active control for pain and anxiety in children and adolescents undergoing surgery: protocol for a pilot randomised controlled trial
Authors: Orgil Zandantsetseg , Johnson Leah , Karthic Anitra , Williams Sara E , Ding Lili , Kashikar-Zuck Susmita , King Christopher D , Olbrecht Vanessa A 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionCurrent clinical applications of virtual reality (VR) provide patients with transient pain relief during acutely painful events by redirecting attention. Biofeedback (BF) is a mind–body therapy that effectively produces sustained pain reduction, but there are obstacles to its routine use. Combined, BF-based VR (VR-BF) may increase accessibility while enhancing the benefits of BF. VR-BF has yet to be employed in perioperative care, and as such, no defined treatment protocol for VR-BF exists. The primary aim of this study is to assess the feasibility of the perioperative use of VR-BF in children and adolescents. The secondary aims are to assess the acceptability of VR-BF and to collect pilot efficacy data.Methods and analysisThis is a single-centre, randomised controlled pilot clinical trial. A total of 70 patients (12–18 years) scheduled for surgery anticipated to cause moderate to severe pain with ≥1 night of hospital admission will be randomised to one of two study arms (VR-BF or control). Participants randomised to VR-BF (n=35) will use the ForeVR VR platform to engage their breathing in gamified VR applications. Participants randomised to control (n=35) will interact with a pain reflection app,Manage My Pain. The primary outcome is feasibility of VR-BF use in adolescents undergoing surgery as assessed through recruitment, enrolment, retention and adherence to the protocol. Secondary outcomes are acceptability of VR-BF and pilot efficacy measures, including pain, anxiety and opioid consumption.Ethics and disseminationThe protocol was approved by the Nationwide Children’s Hospital Institutional Review Board (IRB #STUDY00002080). Patient recruitment begins in March 2023. Written informed consent is obtained for all participants. All information acquired will be disseminated via scientific meetings and published in peer-reviewed journals. Data will be available per request and results will be posted on ClinicalTrials.gov.Trial registration numberClinicalTrials.gov Registry (NCT04943874).
Behavioural and environmental risk factors for household injuries: semistructured interviews with health professionals and mothers in Iran
Authors: Lael-Monfared Elaheh , Rakhshanderou Sakineh , Ramezankhani Ali , Ghaffari Mohtasham 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundInjuries are increasing global public health problems, causing disability and death among children. This has considerable financial, emotional and social eﬀects on families and society. This study aimed to investigate the behavioural and environmental factors leading to unintentional home injuries and attempts to highlight the pivotal role of mothers’ behaviour and performance to provide a safe place for children at home.MethodsThe current research is a qualitative study of a directed content analysis type. The data were gathered through semistructured interviews conducted in participants’ workplaces, namely universities, research centres and health centres. In some cases, telephone interviews were conducted within 3 months, from February 2021 to May 2021 in Tehran, Iran. The participants were selected through non-probability and purposive sampling. All the recorded interviews and notes were accurately evaluated, and data analysis was performed based on the content analysis. There were 29 interviews in total: 12 interviews with mothers, 9 with treatment and prevention specialists, and 8 with researchers.ResultsA total of 66 factors, 6 subcategories and 2 main categories were extracted after analysing the interviews. The main categories included environmental and behavioural factors. The subcategories included house infrastructure, house equipment/furniture, children’s equipment/furniture, provision of precarious conditions, access to hazardous substances and appliances, and unsafe arrangement of furniture.ConclusionDespite the existing obstacles such as the long-term implementation, financial difficulties and overcomplicated policy-making process, health interventions can make it possible for mothers of children under the age of seven to adopt preventive measures through appropriately designed instructions and optimal use of existing facilities.
Bilinear character correlators in superintegrable theory
Authors: Mironov A. , Morozov A. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe continue investigating the superintegrability property of matrix models, i.e. factorization of the matrix model averages of characters. This paper focuses on the Gaussian Hermitian example, where the role of characters is played by the Schur functions. We find a new intriguing corollary of superintegrability: factorization of an infinite set of correlatorsbilinearin the Schur functions. More exactly, these are correlators of products of the Schur functions and polynomials$$K_\Delta $$KΔthat form a complete basis in the space of invariant matrix polynomials. Factorization of these correlators with a small subset of these$$K_\Delta $$KΔfollow from the fact that the Schur functions are eigenfunctions of the generalized cut-an-join operators, but the full set of$$K_\Delta $$KΔis generated by another infinite commutative set of operators, which we manifestly describe.
Barrow holographic dark energy in the Brans–Dicke cosmology
Authors: Ghaffari S. , Luciano Giuseppe Gaetano , Capozziello S. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe construct a holographic model for dark energy in the Brans–Dicke cosmology by using the holographic principle considering the Barrow entropy instead of the standard Bekenstein–Hawking one. The former arises from the effort to account for quantum gravitational effects in black hole physics and, according to the gravity–thermodynamic conjecture, in the cosmological framework. In order to explore the cosmological consequences of our model, we consider the Hubble horizon as the IR cutoff. We investigate both the non-interacting and interacting cases with the sign-changeable and linear interactions, showing that they can explain the present accelerated phase of the Universe expansion, in contrast to the standard holographic dark energy model. We then perform the stability analysis according to the squared sound speed. We find that, while the non-interacting model is unstable against small perturbations, the sign-changeable interacting one can be stable only for suitable values of the model parameters. On the other hand, the linear interacting model always predicts a stable Universe. The consistency of the model with respect to cosmological observations is discussed.