bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antibiotic prophylaxis dysregulates dental implant placement surgery‐induced osteoimmune wound healing and attenuates the alveolar bone–implant interface in mice
Authors: Ahmad Waqar , Pishevar Novin , Cochrane Leonard J. , Reynolds Andrew , Kim Joseph , Korostenskij Ivan , Geiser Vincenza L. , Carson Matthew D. , Warner Amy J. , Chen Peng , Yao Hai , Alekseyenko Alexander , Hathaway‐Schrader Jessica D. , Novince Chad M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimAntimicrobial‐induced shifts in commensal oral microbiota can dysregulate helper T‐cell oral immunity to affect osteoclast–osteoblast actions in alveolar bone. Antibiotic prophylaxis is commonly performed with dental implant placement surgery to prevent post‐surgical complications. However, antibiotic prophylaxis effects on osteoimmune processes supporting dental implant osseointegration are unknown. The aim of the study was to discern the impact of antibiotic prophylaxis on dental implant placement surgery‐induced osteoimmune wound healing and osseointegration.Materials and MethodsWe performed SHAM or dental implant placement surgery in mice. Groups were administered prophylactic antibiotics (amoxicillin or clindamycin) or vehicle. Gingival bacteriome was assessed via 16S sequencing. Helper T‐cell oral immunity was evaluated by flow cytometry. Osteoclasts and osteoblasts were assessed via histomorphometry. Implant osseointegration was evaluated by micro‐computed tomography.ResultsDental implant placement surgery up‐regulated TH1, TH2 and TREG cells in cervical lymph nodes (CLNs), which infers helper T‐cell oral immunity contributes to dental implant placement osseous wound healing. Prophylactic antibiotics with dental implant placement surgery caused a bacterial dysbiosis, suppressed TH1, TH2 and TREG cells in CLNs, reduced osteoclasts and osteoblasts lining peri‐implant alveolar bone, and attenuated the alveolar bone–implant interface.ConclusionsAntibiotic prophylaxis dysregulates dental implant placement surgery‐induced osteoimmune wound healing and attenuates the alveolar bone–implant interface in mice.
Safety and security in family life: Experiences of involuntary dislocation
Authors: Vetere Arlene , Shimwell Karen 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSafety and security is at the heart of expectations of family life. Or is it? When Russia invaded Ukraine, it unleashed another massive movement of peoples in search of safety, fleeing from a lack of security, and forced to leave behind other loved ones, such as husbands, partners, fathers, and grandparents. Many countries, including the United Kingdom, offered to host dislocated Ukrainian mothers and their children as guests in family homes. The UK Government launched the “Homes for Ukraine” scheme in March 2022. The hosts need to be able to offer a spare room or a home for at least 6 months. The Government makes monthly thank you payments to the hosts to help continue their sponsorship of their Ukrainian guests. The matching of hosts and guests is carried out at the local government level with a visit to the host property to ensure it meets the required standard and also the safeguarding “disclosure and barring service” check. In June 2023, over 100,000 Ukrainian families are in the scheme. This recent and well‐intentioned social experiment in guesting and hosting has brought forth both predictable and unforeseen consequences, and a re‐visioning of the meaning and practice of family and family life. In this article, the authors explore some of the reported experiences of guests and hosts to examine what is meant by family, and what helps to create a felt sense of safety in family relationships.
Factors associated with risk of falling among younger inpatients in a mental health setting—A systematic review
Authors: Ngune Irene , Ang Seng Giap Marcus , Nadew Gelaye , Saunders Rosemary 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimTo synthesise evidence related to risk factors of falls among younger mental health inpatients age ≤65 years old.BackgroundHospitalised patients with mental illness are at increased risk of falling. Specific risk factors for falls for younger inpatients are poorly understood.DesignSystematic review.MethodsMedline, CINAHL, APA PsycINFO, Scopus and Web of Science were searched for studies published in English till December 2022. The review followed the 2020 PRISMA checklist. Odds ratios and P values of significant risk fall factors and the frequency of factors related to circumstances of falls were extracted.ResultsNine studies were included and 95 risk factors, across seven categories were extracted. These categories included socio‐demographic, fall‐related factors, functional status, health and mental status, psychiatric diagnosis and assessment, medication, and staff related factors. Factors related to medication, health and mental status are most reported. Majority of the patients sustained minor or no injury from the fall and circumstances of fall vary across studies.ConclusionFactors strongly associated with risk of falls were dizziness, use of psychotropics and antihypertensive drugs. A meta‐analysis of risk factors was not possible due to different dependent variables studied, controlled confounding variables and control groups used.Relevance to clinical practiceFall prevention is relevant to all patients in mental health settings. Approaches to fall risk assessment and management need to be better tailored to younger mental health patients in the psychiatric setting.Patient and public contributionPatient or public contribution was not possible because of the study design.
Relationship between emotional intelligence and job stressors of psychiatric nurses: A multi‐centre cross‐sectional study
Authors: Liu Shou‐juan , Wang Qiong‐nan , She Juan , Zhang Yan‐hong , Xu Hua 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimTo investigate the impact of socio‐demographic factors and job stressors on the emotional intelligence of psychiatric nurses.BackgroundEmotional intelligence plays a crucial role in enabling nurses to effectively manage their own emotions, comprehend the emotions of others and assist individuals in dealing with diverse stressors. Nevertheless, a comprehensive conceptualization of the relationship between job stressors and emotional intelligence remains lacking.DesignThis study employs a multi‐centre cross‐sectional design.MethodsA multi‐centre cross‐sectional survey involving 1083 registered nurses from 11 psychiatric hospitals across four provinces in China was conducted. Non‐probability sampling was utilised. The survey encompassed assessments of nurse job stressors, emotional intelligence using a scale and socio‐demographic characteristics using a questionnaire. A multiple linear regression model was applied to identify significant variables associated with emotional intelligence based on demographic attributes and various nurse job stressors. The study adhered to the STROBE checklist.ResultsThe findings revealed a noteworthy negative correlation between nurse job stressors and emotional intelligence. Socio‐demographic factors and job stressors of certain nurses were able to predict emotional intelligence and its dimensions among psychiatric nurses, with percentages of 44.50%, 40.10%, 36.40%, 36.60% and 34.60%.ConclusionProviding emotional intelligence training for psychiatric nurses could enhance their capacity to cope effectively with workplace stress, particularly among younger nurses who engage in limited physical activities.Relevance to Clinical PracticeThe analysis of the relationship between emotional intelligence and nurse job stressors could facilitate early detection and intervention by managers based on pertinent factors. This, in turn, could elevate the emotional intelligence level of psychiatric nurses.No Patient or Public ContributionThis study did not recruit participants, so details of participants were not be involved.
The Charlotte Large artery occlusion Endovascular therapy Outcome Score predicts independent outcome after thrombectomy
Authors: Karamchandani Rahul R. , Satyanarayana Sagar , Yang Hongmei , Strong Dale , Rhoten Jeremy B. , Clemente Jonathan D. , Defilipp Gary , Patel Nikhil M. , Bernard Joe D. , Stetler William R. , Parish Jonathan M. , Guzik Amy K. , Wolfe Stacey Q. , Helms Anna Maria , Macko Lauren , Williams Laura , Retelski Julia , Asimos Andrew W. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackground and PurposePredicting functional outcomes after endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) is of interest to patients and families as they navigate hospital and post‐acute care decision‐making. We evaluated the prognostic ability of several scales to predict good neurological function after EVT.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed records from a health system's code stroke registry, including consecutive successful thrombectomy patients from August 2020 to February 2023 presenting with an anterior circulation large vessel occlusion who were evaluated with pre‐EVT CT perfusion. Primary and secondary outcomes were 90‐day modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores 0‐2 and 0‐1, respectively. Logistic regression was performed to evaluate the ability of each scale to predict the outcomes. Scales were compared by calculating the area under the curve (AUC).ResultsA total of 465 patients (mean age 68.1 [±14.9] years, median National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale [NIHSS] 16 [11‐21]) met inclusion criteria. In the logistic regression, the Charlotte Large artery occlusion Endovascular therapy Outcome Score (CLEOS), Totaled Health Risks in Vascular Events, Houston Intra‐Arterial Therapy‐2, Pittsburgh Response to Endovascular therapy, and Stroke Prognostication using Age and NIHSS were significant in predicting the primary and secondary outcomes. CLEOS was superior to all other scales in predicting 90‐day mRS 0‐2 (AUC .75, 95% confidence interval [CI] .70‐.80) and mRS 0‐1 (AUC .74, 95% CI .69‐.78). Twenty of 22 patients (90.9%) with CLEOS <315 had 90‐day mRS 0‐2.ConclusionsCLEOS predicts independent and excellent neurological function after anterior circulation EVT.
The impact of print orientation on the fracture resistance and failure patterns of additively manufactured cobalt‐chromium post and cores
Authors: Kalyoncuoğlu Ülkü Tuğba , Ayyıldız Simel , Odabasi Tezer Emine 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of the print orientation of direct metal laser sintering (DMLS) posts and cores on the fracture resistance and failure patterns of endodontically treated mandibular premolar teeth.Materials and MethodsSixty intact human mandibular premolars were endodontically treated. The teeth were then randomly divided into four groups (n = 15). Cobalt‐chromium (Co‐Cr) metal posts were fabricated by traditional casting (Group C), and DMLS method in 0‐, 45‐, and 90‐degree print orientations (Group DMLS 0, Group DMLS 45, and Group DMLS 90). The posts and cores were cemented with composite resin cement and subjected to compression test at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min. Data was analyzed by using one‐way analysis of variance ANOVA and multiple comparison post hoc Tukey tests (α = 0.05). Specimens were viewed under a stereo microscope with x20 magnification to evaluate the fracture types.ResultsNo significant differences were found among the groups tested in terms of fracture resistance (p > 0.05). Group C and Group DMLS 0 group exhibited similar fracture patterns.ConclusionsIt is possible to produce post and core restorations with the DMLS technique and use them clinically. Print orientation did not influence the fracture resistance. However, fracture patterns were different. Group C outperformed all DMLS groups in terms of fracture patterns.
Psychological change before and after religious conversion and deconversion
Authors: Bleidorn Wiebke , Lenhausen Madeline R. , Schwaba Ted , Hopwood Christopher J. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveTheory and anecdotal evidence suggest that people undergo psychological changes before and after religious conversion and deconversion. Yet, existing research provided inconclusive evidence. Here, we examined psychological change before, during, and after institutional conversion and deconversion in a large‐scale longitudinal study.MethodWe used 11‐wave longitudinal data from a nationally representative sample of Dutch adults (N ~ 20,000) to assess changes in religious beliefs and practices, personality traits, and well‐being before, during, and after conversion to and deconversion from Christianity.ResultsConverts (N = 181) increased in service attendance and prayer, but not in their belief in God, as they approached conversion. Deconverts (N = 450) declined in religious beliefs and practices before, during, and after deconversion. In terms of personality, converts displayed small, unexpected declines in emotional stability, extraversion, and agreeableness at time of conversion. Deconverts declined in agreeableness, conscientiousness, and openness at time of deconversion. Neither group showed changes in their well‐being.ConclusionThe present findings suggest that psychological changes during religious conversion and deconversion are generally small and mostly manifest as changes in people's religious beliefs and practices. Findings are discussed in the context of person‐religion fit, meaning‐making, and sociocultural motive perspectives on religious change.
Volunteering as prosocial behaviour by medical students following a flooding disaster and impacts on their mental health: A mixed‐methods study
Authors: Bailie Jodie , Reed Krista , Matthews Veronica , Scott Karen M. , Ahern Christine , Bailie Ross 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundVolunteering is a form of prosocial behaviour that has a been recognised as having positive benefits for medical students. However, there is a lack of research on what influences students to volunteer during and after weather‐related disasters. Our study (1) explores factors related to medical students' willingness and readiness to volunteer, and (2) describes mental health impacts of the flood events on students.MethodsWe conducted a mixed‐methods study of medical students on rural clinical placements in a regional area of Australia, 2 to 6 weeks after two major flooding events in 2022. Data were collected through survey and focus groups. Summary statistics were generated from the survey data, and Fisher's exact test was used to determine associations between student experience of the flood and self‐rated well‐being. Qualitative data were deductively analysed using Byrne and colleagues' theory of prosocial behaviour during an emergency.ResultsThe 36 students who participated in focus groups (including the 34 who completed the survey) (response rates 84% and 79%, respectively) demonstrated high levels of prosocial behaviours and were willing to volunteer. A sense of moral obligation was the primary reason for volunteering, whereas concerns for their physical and psychological safety, and missing key aspects of their training, were the strongest reasons for not continuing to volunteer. Students reported personal stress, anxiety and trauma during this period, with significant associations between self‐rated impacts on their well‐being and feelings of being terrified, helpless and hopeless during the flooding events and of still being distressed weeks later (p < .05).ConclusionsThis study expands on prosocial behaviour theory by applying Byrne and colleagues elaborated model in the context of medical student volunteering during the 2022 major flooding events in Australia. Modifiable barriers to prosocial behaviour are identified along with proposed strategies to address these barriers.
Thinking outside the F‐box: how UFO controls angiosperm development
Authors: Rieu Philippe , Arnoux‐Courseaux Moïra , Tichtinsky Gabrielle , Parcy François 
Published: September 2023

SummaryThe formation of inflorescences and flowers is essential for the successful reproduction of angiosperms. In the past few decades, genetic studies have identified the LEAFY transcription factor and the UNUSUAL FLORAL ORGANS (UFO) F‐box protein as two major regulators of flower development in a broad range of angiosperm species. Recent research has revealed that UFO acts as a transcriptional cofactor, redirecting the LEAFY floral regulator to novel cis‐elements. In this review, we summarize the various roles of UFO across species, analyze past results in light of new discoveries and highlight the key questions that remain to be solved.
The MOTION study: Two‐year results of a real‐world randomized controlled trial of the mild® procedure for treatment of lumbar spinal stenosis
Authors: Deer Timothy R. , Chafin Timothy B. , Costandi Shrif J. , Qu Huaguang , Kim Christopher , Jassal Navdeep , Patel Kiran , Calodney Aaron 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe MOTION study is designed to measure the impact of percutaneous image‐guided lumbar decompression as a first‐line therapy on patients otherwise receiving real‐world conventional medical management for lumbar spinal stenosis with neurogenic claudication secondary to hypertrophic ligamentum flavum. This prospective, multicenter randomized controlled trial uses objective and patient‐reported outcome measures to compare the combination of the mild® percutaneous treatment and nonsurgical conventional medical management (CMM) to CMM‐Alone.MethodsTest group patients received the mild procedure after study enrollment. Test and control groups were allowed conventional conservative therapies and low‐risk interventional therapies as recommended by their physicians. Subjective outcomes included the Oswestry Disability Index, Numeric Pain Rating Scale, and Zurich Claudication Questionnaire. Objective outcomes included a validated Walking Tolerance Test, the rate of subsequent lumbar spine interventions, and safety data.ResultsTwo‐year follow‐up included 64 mild + CMM and 67 CMM‐Alone patients. All outcome measures showed significant improvement from baseline for mild + CMM, whereas the majority of CMM‐Alone patients had elected to receive mild treatment or other lumbar spine interventions by 2 years, precluding valid 2‐year between‐group comparisons. Neither group reported any device‐ or procedure‐related adverse events.ConclusionsThe durability of mild + CMM for this patient population was demonstrated for all efficacy outcomes through 2 years. Improvements in walking time from baseline to 2 years for patients treated with mild + CMM were significant and substantial. The lack of reported device or procedure‐related adverse events reinforces the strong safety profile of the mild procedure. These results provide support for early interventional treatment of symptomatic LSS with the mild procedure.
Mental health comorbidity in youth with atopic dermatitis: A narrative review of possible mechanisms
Authors: Radtke Sarah , Grossberg Anna L. , Wan Joy 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe presence of atopic dermatitis (AD) in youth has been linked to a variety of mental health concerns including disruptive behavior, symptoms of anxiety and depression, and diagnoses of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder. However, the factors accounting for these relationships are not well understood. The current review summarizes possible mechanisms identified in previous research and highlights areas for future investigation. Among the primary mechanisms studied to date, child sleep is the only factor that has been characterized in relative detail, with findings generally supporting the mediating role of sleep problems in the relationship between AD and psychological symptoms. There is substantial evidence suggesting a negative impact of child AD on parent mental health and the impact of parent mental health on child psychological functioning, although the latter has not been assessed specifically in populations of children with AD. There is also preliminary support for other mechanisms, including pruritus and pain, atopic comorbidities, social functioning, and systemic antihistamine use, in the development of mental health concerns in pediatric AD. Furthermore, research suggests the presence of bidirectional relationships between AD and psychological functioning via inflammatory responses to stress and impaired treatment adherence. Overall, significant additional research is needed to better characterize the nature and magnitude of the relationships among these multiple mechanisms and various psychosocial outcomes. Nevertheless, the findings to date support routine screening of psychological health in patients with AD as well as screening for potential risk factors, which may also serve as targets of therapeutic intervention.
Reasons, attenuators, and virtue: A novel account of pragmatic encroachment
Authors: Schmidt Eva 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this paper, I explicate pragmatic encroachment by appealing to pragmatic considerations attenuating, or weakening, epistemic reasons to believe. I call this the ‘Attenuators View’. I will show that this proposal is better than spelling out pragmatic encroachment in terms of reasons against believing – what I call the ‘Reasons View’. While both views do equally well when it comes to providing a plausible mechanism of how pragmatic encroachment works, the Attenuators View does a better job distinguishing practical and epistemic reasons to believe. First, this view does not appeal to the costs of believing falsely as reasons against believing; second, because of this, it does not run the risk of tearing down the wall between practical and epistemic reasons bearing on belief. I underpin the Attenuators View with a virtue‐theoretic account of how pragmatic encroachment attenuates epistemic reasons and close my discussion by considering some objections against such a view.
Genetic diversity of an effector gene, AvrPi9, of rice blast pathogen in Thailand and characterization of its promoter
Authors: Damchuay Katanyutita , Hemsart Siwaporn , Longya Apinya , Leetanasaksakul Kantinan , Kim Ki‐Tae , Chung Hyunjung , Lim You‐Jin , Yoon Yoon‐Ju , Lee Yong‐Hwan , Toojinda Theerayut , Jantasuriyarat Chatchawan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractRice blast is one of the most destructive diseases of rice and is caused by the fungus Magnaporthe oryzae. The disease causes enormous yield losses in rice production worldwide. The rice blast fungus delivers effector proteins into rice cells. The effector proteins play an essential role in fungal virulence by manipulating and controlling host cellular pathways and inhibiting host immune responses to enhance pathogenicity. An effector gene, AvrPi9, which corresponds to the resistance gene Pi9, was cloned and characterized. However, a regulatory molecular mechanism for AvrPi9 gene expression has not been determined. In this study, the genetic variation of the AvrPi9 and its promoter function were characterized. The results showed that 98% (116/118) of the samples carried the AvrPi9 gene without any sequence variation, whilst two isolates, 10576 from Kalasin and NYK56003 from Nakhon Nayok, lacked the AvrPi9 gene. A homeobox domain‐containing protein (MoHOX6) was identified as a candidate transcription factor. The AvrPi9 gene expression was delayed in the MoHOX6 knockout mutant. Moreover, the AvrPi9 promoter was able to drive the expression of a luciferase gene in rice protoplasts. This study provides the first insight into the function and regulation of the AvrPi9 promoter of rice blast fungus.