bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ulnar nerve palsy as the initial presentation of small vessel vasculitis with a negative antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody level
Authors: Aponso Tilan , Wanni W. M.D.A.S. , Ratnayake R. M.S.K. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Small-vessel vasculitis is a rare disease entity that affects the arteries, arterioles, capillaries, and venules of the circulatory system. Small vessel vasculitis can cause severe small vessel inflammation and multisystem involvement. The respiratory tract and kidneys are the most commonly affected organs, and occasionally neurological manifestations can occur. But neurological manifestation as the initial presentation without other system involvement is very rare. We report a case of a 16-year-old previously well female patient presenting with right lower limb distal muscle weakness associated with malaise, lethargy, and multiple joint pains for 2 weeks. On examination, she had palpable purpura below the knees with right sided ulnar nerve palsy. Her antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody and antinuclear antibody testing was negative. A skin biopsy showed vasculitis involving small vessels. She was started on Prednisolone 60mg daily, followed by Mycophenolate Mofetil 500mg twice daily, and physiotherapy. She had a good clinical response to treatment over time.
Pathogenicity and mycotoxin profile of Fusarium spp. inducing wheat head blight in Algeria
Authors: Imane BELABED , Hannane ABED , Amor BENCHEIKH , Carolina MONTEIRO Souza , Sara CUNHA , Eugénia PINTO , Noureddine ROUAG 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Fusarium is one of the world's most harmful wheat pathogens, causing severe crop diseases like Fusarium head blight (FHB). They constitute a serious threat to the production of wheat by considerably reducing crop yield, quality, and safety due to grain contamination with mycotoxin. The focus of the current study emphasizes aspects related to the pathogenicity and toxigenicity of some FHB isolates recovered from symptomatic Algerian wheat samples. Three genotypes of durum wheat were subjected to two pathogenicity tests (in vitro and in vivo), and the results showed a significant difference in aggressiveness on different phenotypic parameters, indicating intrinsic genetic variation in the host-pathogen interaction. All of the Fusarium isolates tested for mycotoxinogenicity produced Deoxynivalenol, zearalenone, and T-2 toxin. With DON, the most common mycotoxin type, producing 7.128µ/kg in the ELISA test and 373196.19µg/kg by LC-MS/MS, exceeding the European limits (1750µg/kg), the FusBo59 isolate of F. culmorum stands out as the most toxic. Following DON (18.2%) and 3-ADON (9.1%), 15-ADON (63.6%) emerged as the most prevalent toxin in wheat grains, according to a toxin analysis. T-2 and zearalenone (ZEN) were present, but at concentrations below the permissible limits (100µg/kg). On the other hand, F. avenaceum FusBi7 stood out as being the most aggressive, and the Cirta variety was the most tolerant to attacks from the Fusarium isolates studied. Thus, our data demonstrate that disease induction and toxin generation evolve independently of each other.
A putative model of the infection cycle of plum pox virus M strain in Japanese apricot orchards via Asteraceae as an intermediate host.
Authors: Ishizaki Shunta , Okada Moeka , Nishio Takeshi , Tsuda Shinya 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Plum pox virus (PPV) is one of the most economically important plant viruses. PPV M strain (PPV-M) was first isolated in Japan in 2016. The infection cycle of PPV by vector aphids remains unknown in Japan. Here, we present a seasonal model describing the infection cycle of PPV-M in Japanese apricot orchards. First, by mechanically inoculating twelve herbaceous species belonging to Asteraceae (alternatively Compositae) in orchards with PPV-M, we found that all were susceptible to infection. Of those, Hemisteptia lyrata showed high infection rates on the upper leaves. Second, a subsequent survey of multiple aphid species parasitizing H. lyrate showed a seasonal infection cycle in which A. fabae solanella likely transmitted PPV-M from Japanese apricot leaves to H. lyrata in the spring. Then, A. spiraecola, an efficient PPV vector known to shift between hosts in summer and autumn, transmitted the disease to healthy Japanese apricot seedlings from PPV-M infected H. lyrate in autumn. We propose that PPV-M in Japanese apricot follows a seasonal and multimodal infection cycle involving an intermediate host (Asteracease) and two aphid species.
Applicability of artificial intelligence-based computer-aided detection (AI-CAD) for pulmonary tuberculosis to community-based active case finding
Authors: Okada Kosuke , Yamada Norio , Takayanagi Kiyoko , Hiasa Yuta , Kitamura Yoshiro , Hoshino Yutaka , Hirao Susumu , Yoshiyama Takashi , Onozaki Ikushi , Kato Seiya 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
Artificial intelligence-based computer aided-detection (AI-CAD) for tuberculosis (TB) has become commercially available and several studies have been conducted to evaluate the performance of AI-CAD for pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) in clinical settings. However, little is known about its applicability to community-based active case-finding (ACF) for TB.
Methods
We analysed an anonymized dataset obtained from a community-based ACF in Cambodia, targeting persons aged 55 years or over, persons with any TB symptoms such as chronic cough, and persons at risk of TB including household contacts. All of the participants in the ACF were screened by chest radiography (CXR) by Cambodian doctors, followed by Xpert test when they were eligible for sputum examination. Interpretation by an experienced chest physician and abnormality scoring by a newly developed AI-CAD were retrospectively conducted for the CXR images. With a reference of Xpert-positive TB or human interpretations, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were drawn to evaluate the AI-CAD performance by area under the ROC curve (AUROC). In addition, its applicability to community-based ACFs in Cambodia was examined.
Results
TB scores of the AI-CAD were significantly associated with the CXR classifications as indicated by the severity of TB disease, and its AUROC as the bacteriological reference was 0.86 (95% confidence interval: 0.83–0.89). Using a threshold for triage purposes, the human reading and bacteriological examination needed fell to 21% and 15%, respectively, detecting 95% of Xpert-positive TB in ACF. For screening purposes, we could detect 98% of Xpert-positive TB cases.
Conclusion
AI-CAD is applicable to community-based ACF in high TB burden settings where experienced human readers for CXR images are scarce. The use of AI-CAD in developing countries has the potential to expand CXR screening in community-based ACFs, with a substantial decrease in the workload on human readers and laboratory labour. Further studies are needed to generalize the results to other countries by increasing the sample size and comparing the AI-CAD performance with that of more human readers.
Impact of Stress hyperglycemia on Long-Term Prognosis in Acute Pancreatitis without diabetes
Authors: Zhang Jun , Wang Xiaoyuan , lv Yingqi , Hou Jiaying , Zhang Chi , Su Xianghui , Li Ling 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Stress hyperglycemia has been confirmed as a strong predictor of poor short-term prognosis in acute pancreatitis. However, whether stress hyperglycemia affects the long-term prognosis of patients with acute pancreatitis is unclear. We aimed to investigate the effect of stress hyperglycemia on the long-term prognosis of non-diabetic patients with acute pancreatitis.
Methods
This retrospective observational study was conducted on 4055 patients with acute pancreatitis from 1 January 2016 to 31 October 2020. The association between Stress hyperglycemia and the prognosis was evaluated using regression modeling.
Results
There were 935(71.5%) normoglycemic and 373(28.5%) Stress hyperglycemia patients. 46(12.3%) patients with Stress hyperglycemia had evidence of diabetes compared with 33(3.5%) patients without stress hyperglycemia (P < 0.001). After multivariate adjustment, patients with Stress hyperglycemia were more likely to have evidence of diabetes (OR 2.905, 95% CI 1.688–4.999) compared with normoglycemic. However, Stress hyperglycemia is not associated with the recurrence of pancreatitis and progression to chronic pancreatitis.
Conclusions
Stress hyperglycemia was independently associated with diabetes secondary to acute pancreatitis. Accordingly, a follow-up diabetes-screening program for AP with stress hyperglycemia is an important part of identifying the disease as soon as possible, delaying islet damage, and improving the prognosis of post-acute pancreatitis diabetes mellitus.
Validation of Gestational Weight Gain Records on South Carolina Birth Certificate Data
Authors: Momodu Oluwatosin A. , Horner Ronnie D. , Liu Jihong , Crouch Elizabeth , Chen Brian 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objective
To examine the accuracy of gestational weight gain (GWG) reported on birth certificates (BCs) in comparison with electronic medical records (EMRs), the gold standard.
Methods
BC data and EMR data were from a random sample of pregnant women who enrolled in CenteringPregnancy program, a type of group-based prenatal care, at three obstetric clinics in South Carolina between 2015 and 2019 (n = 206). Retrospective review of EMR data on patients’ prepregnancy BMI and GWG according to 2009 Institute of Medicine guidelines was conducted. Analyses involved summarizing the variables by their mean and mean differences per data source, and then calculating percent-weighted agreement and kappa statistics.
Results
The mean values of BMI, delivery weight and total weight gain were similar between BC and EMRs. Data correlation for variables was high for both data sources (height: r = 0.94, prepregnancy weight: r = 0.93, prepregnancy BMI: r = 0.92, delivery weight: r = 0.96, total weight gain: r = 0.60). The BCs slightly underestimated the proportion of women in the normal-weight BMI category but overestimated the proportion in the overweight BMI category. Additionally, BCs slightly overestimated women with inadequate GWG and underestimated those with excessive GWG. Overall, the BC and EMR data were in agreement regarding prepregnancy BMI (weighted-agreement = 90%, Kappa = 0.78) and GWG categories (weighted-agreement = 84%, Kappa = 0.63).
Conclusion
BC estimates of prepregnancy BMI and GWG categories were similar to those recorded in the EMRs. The South Carolina BC database is a valid database for gestational weight and can provide reasonable estimates for the state in the evaluation of the CenteringPregnancy program.
Neuromarketing applied to communication as neurocommunication in WOS: bibliometric reviews and a guide to the first twenty years of the 21st century, from 2001 to 2020
Authors: González-Morales Antonio , Muñoz-Leiva Francisco , Sánchez-González Hada , Fernández-Páramo Elena , Aranda-Cuenca María Inmaculada , Gómez-Plaza Alicia , García-Rivera Isadora , Ovando-Gil María 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The objective of this article is to carry out a bibliometric study on the scientific publications on neuromarketing applied to communication as neurocommunication that have been indexed in the WOS database, from the year 2001 to the year 2020 (inclusive). Initially, a search was carried out in said database with the terms neurocommunication, neuromarketing and consumer neuroscience, filtering the last two terms with the word neurocommunication, to later carry out a basic bibliometric study. Subsequently, the articles that effectively dealt with neuroscience applied to the evaluation of business communication, whether external or internal, were selected and a brief description of them was made. It is hoped that it will be a document that serves as a practical guide for readers who wish to get a global idea of the existing knowledge in WOS about this new neurodiscipline and that will help them select the papers that may interest them if they so wish to get started in this area of knowledge or if you are looking for the procedure to perform a particular type of experiment with any neurocomunication techniques.
Facial Reconstruction of a Deformed Skull from the Roman Period of Juliopolis
Authors: Sertalp Evren , Moraes Cicero , Bütün Erge 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The use of digital technologies in archaeological research has become considerably more widespread in recent years. While the earliest records of the use of electronic data in archaeology date from the 1950s and 1960s, the field has kept growing with the increasing interest in digital tools such as digital photography, three-dimensional imaging, GIS, virtual and artificial reality applications, CAD and facial reconstruction. Such digitization practices are used frequently for documenting, record keeping, and preserving and representing the data recovered from archaeological contexts, and are linked to other fields, such as cultural heritage studies and museology. Facial reconstruction is used to recreate the faces of individual from the past using their skeletal remains. It has been practiced for different reasons in the fields of forensics, anthropology, and archaeology. This study focuses on the facial reconstruction of a skull unearthed from Juliopolis. The reason for choosing this skull in this study is that it is the first and only known deformed skull dated to the Roman period in Anatolia. For the facial reconstruction application, authors created a 3D modelling of the skull by photogrammetry. Then, the missing parts of the skull are completed using the virtual donor library. The results are presented in different forms, as grayscale, in colour with eyes closed or open. Also, the type of deformation is demonstrated in the skull. The benefit of facial reconstruction is especially important since it is a way of preserving and presenting archaeological and anthropological data.
Clinical evolution and mortality of critically ill patients with SARS-CoV2 pneumonia treated with Remdesivir in an Adult Intensive Care Unit of Paraguay
Authors: Figueredo Jessica , López Lorena Fontclara , Leguizamon Belinda Figueredo , Samudio Margarita , Pederzani Marcelo , Apelt Federico Valentin Fretes , Añazco Patricia , Caballero Ricardo , Bianco Hugo 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background: The health crisis due to Covid-19 led to the search for therapeutics that could improve the evolution of the disease. Remdesivir, an antiviral that interferes with viral replication, was one of the first to be used for the treatment of this pathology.
Objective: To determine clinical course and mortality of patients with severe SARS‐CoV‐2 pneumonia treated with remdesivir, in comparison of those who didn't receive the medication.
Patients and methods: Retrospective cohort study, with medical records review of COVID‐19 patients, between August 2020 and August 2021. The subjects were divided into two groups, those who received remdesivir before or after admission to intensive care and those who didn’t. The primary outcome variable was mortality in intensive care.
Results: Of 214 subjects included, 109 (50,9%) received remdesivir. The median of days for the drug administration was 8 (2-20), IQR: 3. The bivariate analysis prove that the use of remdesivir was related with lower risk of develop Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) (p = 0,019; OR: 0,521) and lower requirement of mechanical ventilation (p=0,006; OR:0,450). Additionally, patients treated with remdesivir develop less kidney failure (p=0,009; OR: 0,441). There was a total of 82 deaths, 29 (26,6%) in the remdesivir group and 53 (50,5%) in the control group [p <0,001; OR: 0,356 (0,201-0,630)]. All the risk factors associated with mortality in the bivariate analysis were entered into the multivariate analysis by logistic regression, the use of remdesivir remained associated as an independent protective factor to mortality (p=0.034; OR: 0.429).
Conclusion: Critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia treated with remdesivir had a lower risk of death and need for mechanical ventilation and develop less ARDS as compared to the control group. No differences were found in the presentation of adverse effects.
High doses of cannabidiol induce neurotoxicity in cell culture systems
Authors: Romariz Simone A. A. , Sanabria Viviam , Silva Karina Ribeiro da , Quintella Miguel L. , de Melo Bruna A.G. , Porcionatto Marimélia , de Almeida Danilo Candido , Longo Beatriz M. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated that cannabinoids are potentially effective in treating various neurological conditions, and cannabidiol (CBD), one of the most studied compounds, has been proposed as a non-toxic option. However, the adverse effects of CBD on neurodevelopmental processes have rarely been studied in cell culture systems. To gain a better understanding of CBD's impact on neuraldevelopment, we exposed neural progenitor cells (NPCs) to different concentrations of CBD (1 µM, 5 µM, and 10 µM) and investigated the morphology, migration, differentiation, cell death, and gene expression in 2D and 3D bioprinted models. Our results showed that CBD was more toxic at higher concentrations (5 µM and 10 µM) and affected the viability of NPCs than at lower concentration (1µM), in both 2D and 3D models. Moreover, our study identified that higher concentrations of CBD drastically reduced the size of neurospheres and the number of NPC within neurospheres, impaired the morphology and mobility of neurons and astrocytes after differentiation, and reduced neurite sprouting. Interestingly, we also found that CBD alters cellular metabolism by influencing the expression of glycolytic and β-oxidative enzymes in the early and late stages of metabolic pathways. Therefore, our study, demonstrated that higher concentrations of CBD promote important changes in cellular functions that are crucial during CNS development.
Cu/Gd co-doped hydroxyapatite/PLGA composites enhance MRI imaging and bone defect regeneration
Authors: Lu Lu Wei , Xia Xin , Ma Yihang , He Hongtao , Don O Kikkawa , Zhang lu , Zhang Bo , Xiangji Liu Xiangji Liu 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background The hydroxyapatite (HA)/poly(lactide-co-glycolide) acid (PLGA) composite material is one of the most widely used orthopedic implant materials with good biocompatibility and plasticity. In recent years, cation doping has increased the number of its possible biological applications. Conventional HA/PLGA composite cannot be observed using X-rays after implantation in vivo and does not lead to good osteogenic induction results. Cu can regulate the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts, while Gd can effectively enhance the magnetic resonance imaging ability of materials.Methods In this study, a Cu/Gd@HA/PLGA composite was prepared to explore whether the introduction of Cu and Gd into a HA/PLGA composite could enhance the osteogenic ability of osteoblasts, the in vivo bone defect repair ability, and the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics.Results The characterization of materials confirmed that the Cu/Gd@HA has HA morphology and crystal structure. The Cu/Gd@HA/PLGA composite material has excellent nuclear magnetic imaging ability, porosity and hydrophilicity, which can promote cell adhesion and implant detection.The results of in vitro experiments confirmed that the Cu/Gd@HA/PLGA composite enhanced the proliferation, differentiation, and adhesion ability of MC3T3-E1 cells and upregulated the expression of COL-1 and BMP-2 at the gene and protein levels. In vivo, the Cu/Gd@HA/PLGA composite still showed good T1-weighted MRI abilities and effectively enhanced the bone defect healing rate in rats.Conclusion These findings indicate that the Cu/Gd@HA/PLGA composites can effectively improve the T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging ability of the materials, promote the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts in vitro, and increase the rate of bone defect healing in vivo.
Tannic acid treatment of natural fibers and its effect on moisture absorption and mechanical properties of subsequent composites
Authors: Butt Muhammad Shoaib , Shaker Khubab , Asghar Muhammad Ayub , Abbas Adeel 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Composite materials enduring the rising needs of modern era have gained significant market share. However, the environmental burdens caused by the excessive consumption of synthetic material has become a crucial constraint. Natural fiber reinforced composites having biodegradable nature are being focused nowadays to make chain sustainable. Though reducing the performance gap between synthetic and natural fiber reinforcements always remains an area of interest. Natural fibers modifications are being performed using various treatments. Hence the study focused on analyzing influence of tannic acid treatment on moisture absorption and mechanical characteristics of flax and jute reinforced composites. Three different tannic acid concentrations were employed with two different processing times to check the effect of such treatment parameters. FTIR spectroscopy revealed attachment of aromatic rings and carbon double bond formation in the composites serving for properties enhancement. However, the mechanical properties elevated up to an optimum limit of concentration and processing time i.e., 1% concentration and 30 minutes of processing time were found feasible in obtaining viable tensile, flexural, and impact characteristics.
Zenith sky brightness, stellar and planets visibility during lunar eclipses at Kottamia Observatory
Authors: Aboushelib Mohamed F. , Nawar S. , Morcos A.B. , Shalabiea O. M. , Awad Z. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Observations of sky brightness at zenith during the total lunar eclipse of July 27th, 2018 and partial lunar eclipse of July 16th, 2019 were carried out at Kottamia Observatory site in Egypt using a Sky Quality Meter photometer. A variation of the zenith sky brightness with time was observed with average values of 20.3 and 19.44 magSQM/arcsec2 at the maximum eclipse of the total and partial lunar eclipses, respectively. The visibility of stars and planets during different phases of the two eclipses are discussed.
The present results of the total lunar eclipse are compared with those obtained during the total lunar eclipse of April 14th, 2014, the total solar eclipse of March 9th, 2016 and the total lunar eclipse of January 2019. We found similarities in the variation in the sky brightness during the different phases of the eclipses with respect to the different sites and atmospheric conditions.