bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Opaque decision-making in organizations
Authors: Mastrogiorgio Antonio , Lattanzi Nicola 
Published: May 2023

Purpose
Many decision rules are rational but opaque, and many others are irrational but transparent. This paper aims to propose a theoretical framework to operationalize opacity in decision-making – the degree to which a decision rule is intelligible to the decision maker.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors operationalize opacity and discuss the implication of opaque decision-making in organizational settings through a typology, where decision rules can be rational or irrational and opaque or transparent.

Findings
The authors show that opacity is asymmetric as different organizational actors possess different degrees of knowledge about how the decision rules work. Organizational actors often opacify the decision rules to increase their power (based on asymmetric knowledge). Opacity also presents a significant impact on organizational accountability, as transparent organizations are more reputable.

Originality/value
This contribution represents the first theoretical and methodological articulation of opacity in decision-making, within a bounded and ecological rationality framework; it also sheds new light on the role of cognitive biases in organizational settings.
Using necessary condition analysis in managerial psychology research: introduction, empirical demonstration and methodological discussion
Authors: Ding Haien , Kuvaas Bård 
Published: May 2023

PurposeIn this paper, the authors aim to present a novel methodological tool – necessary condition analysis (NCA) to aid managerial psychology researchers in properly testing necessity statements.Design/methodology/approachThe authors employ NCA to analyze whether three basic psychological needs for autonomy, competence and relatedness are necessary for work engagement.FindingsThe authors illustrate the value and application of NCA by revealing that basic psychological needs for autonomy, competence and relatedness are necessary for work engagement, as proposed by self-determination theory (SDT).Originality/valueThe authors illustrate the importance of the sufficiency-necessity distinction and the relevance of a necessity logic in managerial psychology. They also discuss NCA's methodological implications for managerial psychology research, theory and practice.
How strategic design abilities address unmet value in service engagement strategies
Authors: Bouman Nijs , Simonse Lianne 
Published: May 2023

Purpose
Engaging with customers and addressing unmet value have become increasingly challenging within multi-stakeholder environments of service innovation. Therefore, this paper aims to address this challenge by studying how strategic design abilities address unmet value in service engagement strategies.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors conducted a qualitative inductive study at a multinational corporation and interviewed marketing and design professionals on their innovation practices in service engagement strategies.

Findings
From the inductive analysis, this study identified three strategic design abilities that effectively contribute to addressing unmet value throughout the co-evolving process of service engagement: envisioning value, modelling value and engaging value. Based on this, this study proposes the emerging co-evolving loop framework of service engagement strategies.

Research limitations/implications
The limitation of this emerging theory is a lack of broad generalizability with mutual exclusivity or collective exhaustiveness across industries. A theoretical implication of the framework is the integration of strategic design and services marketing towards co-created engagement strategies.

Practical implications
The service engagement loop framework can be of great value to service innovation processes, for which an integrated, cross-functional approach is often missing.

Social implications
The findings further suggest that next to a methodological skillset, strategic design abilities consist of a distinct mindset.

Originality/value
This paper introduces strategic design abilities to address unmet value and proposes a novel co-evolving loop framework of service engagement strategies.
The objectivity of accounting professionals based in India
Authors: Bailey Cristina , Brody Richard G. , Gupta Gaurav , Nash Jonathan 
Published: May 2023

Purpose
This study aims to examine the objectivity of accounting professionals based in India.

Design/methodology/approach
To examine the objectivity of accountants based in India, this study performs an experiment using a well-established instrument from prior literature. The authors asked accounting professionals based in India to act as either the seller or buyer in a hypothetical acquisition scenario. Participants were asked to evaluate the obsolescence of an apparel company’s inventory, assessing both the probability of inventory obsolescence and the likelihood they would propose an inventory write-down.

Findings
The results indicate external auditors and tax professionals were able to remain objective, reflected in the consistency of their assessments across the buyer and seller conditions. Internal auditors were less objective, evaluating inventory obsolescence as more likely when their client was considering buying a subsidiary than when their client was considering selling a subsidiary. Internal auditors were also more likely to recommend an inventory write-down adjustment when hired by the buyer than when hired by the seller.

Originality/value
This study informs regulators and accounting professionals. Offshoring has “prompt(ed) questions regarding the factors that affect the quality of work in India” (Dickey et al., 2022, p. 680). While the authors do not prescribe specific actions, this study provides evidence on the decision-making process of accounting professionals based in India that regulators might use to craft policy. Furthermore, this study responds to calls for additional evidence on the decision-making process of accounting professionals based in India (Spilker et al., 2016; Mohapatra et al., 2015), and for evidence on the objectivity of internal auditors (Burt and Libby, 2021; Stewart and Subramaniam, 2010).
Exploring the psychometric properties of the digital citizenship scale among Indian students
Authors: Verma Shivangi , Garg Naval 
Published: May 2023

Purpose Previous studies highlighted a shortage of scale to measure digital citizenship among Indians. Accordingly, this study examined the psychometric properties of Jones and Mitchell’s (2016) digital citizenship scale in the Indian context with the help of two independent studies.Design/methodology/approach In the first study, the factorial validity of the scale was determined using the exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). In the second study, Cronbach’s alpha (CA) and composite reliability (CR) values checked the internal consistency reliability of the scale. Also, convergent, discriminant and criterion validity were examined.Findings EFA recommended a two-factor structure explaining 58.219% of the total variance. The item loadings varied from 0.540 to 0.793. The Indian version of the scale showed one variation. In the original digital citizenship scale, the seventh statement (“I like to present myself online as someone was making positive choices”) was part of factor 1 (online respect); however, this study suggested that the seventh statement should be included in factor 2 (online civic engagement). In the second study, the acceptable (>0.70) values of CA and CR concluded the internal consistency reliability of the scale. The convergent validity was suggested by average variance explained values (>0.50). In addition, as expected, the Indian version of the digital citizenship scale reported a statistically significant positive correlation with Internet self-efficacy and a considerable negative relationship with cyberbullying. These findings concluded the criterion validity of the scale.Originality/value The Indian version of the digital citizenship scale showed appreciable psychometric properties among Indian students.
Distance to healthcare facilities, healthcare use and health outcomes: The case of Papua New Guinea
Authors: Mahal Ajay , Mulou Navy , Ishida Marie 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPapua New Guinea (PNG) has among the worst maternal and child health (MCH) outcomes in the Asia–Pacific region. Improving population access to and use of health services is a key government priority. However, it is unclear from the international evidence whether the observed inverse relationship between distance to health facilities and health outcomes is due to health service use. This article first seeks to estimate the relationship between distance to health facilities, the use of MCH services and health outcomes in PNG. The second goal is to assess whether the observed relationship between distance to health services and health outcomes occurs due to health service use. Cross‐sectional data from the Demographic and Health Survey 2016–18 for PNG were used to estimate the association between distance to health facilities, indicators of health service use and indicators of child health outcomes, using regression methods. Causal mediation methods were used to assess whether the observed associations between health outcomes and distance to health facilities were explained by health service use, or not. We find an inverse association between distance to health facilities and utilisation of MCH services; and between distance to health facilities and child health. However, our analyses do not support causal mediation via impact of distance on health service use. At odds with a large literature that implicitly assumes that health service use improves health outcomes, our findings reflect broader concerns about quality of care in PNG.
Activism online: Exploring how crises are communicated visually in activism campaigns
Authors: Fagerholm Anna‐Sara , Göransson Karina , Thompson Linda , Hedvall Per‐Olof 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDuring the past years, activist movements have increasingly turned to social media to raise awareness and critically discuss current development and future scenarios. As a contribution to the discussion of new social movements and activism in the digital age, this study aims to explore and critically discuss how environmental risks and crisis are visually communicated in activism campaigns on Instagram, through a case study on Extinction Rebellion Sweden (XRsv). The study is delimited to the first 334 posts on XRsv's Instagram between November 14, 2018 and March 1, 2020. Methods used are interview and content analysis. In conclusion, XRsv has adopted aspects of design activism including visual tactics of Informing, Activating and Explaining. These three visual aspects are used by XRsv in an online context enabling interactivity and participatory actions, which in turn forms the core of design activism.
Institutional quality, financial development and sustainable economic growth among lower income countries
Authors: Pradhan Rudra P. , Nair Mahendhiran S. , Arvin Mak B. , Hall John H. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis article postulates strong endogenous relationships in lower income countries between institutional quality, financial development and sustained economic growth. These associations were investigated using the vector‐error correction model (VECM) and Granger causality method for a sample of 79 countries from 2005 to 2022. The findings show that (1) these variables reinforce each other in the short run. (2) In the long run, both institutional quality and financial development can fuel economic growth. (3) The positive effect of institutional quality on economic growth is greater than that of financial development. Policy implications of these findings are that careful attention should be paid to co‐development policies to enhance the institutional quality and the financial system in these economies. Policies should also consider economic growth strategies to enable sustainable economic growth rates.
The effect of various washing methods on pesticide residues, toxic and essential elements removal in rice
Authors: Alqahtani Dalal , Alnabati Khulood , Al‐Mutairi Mohammed A. , Alajmi Rakan , Alsaleem Taghreed , Almanna Sara , Alowaifeer Abdullah M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis study examined the effects of various treatments on removing pesticide residues and toxic elements in rice. In parallel, nutritional elements, magnesium (Mg), potassium (K), and phosphorous (P), were measured to investigate the effect of these washing treatments on the nutritional value of rice. A naturally contaminated rice sample containing five widespread used pesticides (azoxystrobin, buprofezin, carbendazim, and propiconazole) and toxic elements, arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), and essential elements, was washed using several washing agents, including boiling water, 5% sodium bicarbonate (baking soda), 5% acetic acid (vinegar), 5% citric acid, and 5% sodium chloride (salt). The washing method was chosen based on its availability and widespread usage; soaking for 10 min was assumed to be reasonable. Our results showed that using 5% acetic acid significantly reduced azoxystrobin by 63%, buprofezin by 70%, carbendazim by 75%, and propiconazole by 61%. However, As and Cd were significantly reduced in sodium chloride by 57% and 32%, respectively. Furthermore, a significant reduction in essential nutrient elements was found in Mg (42%), K (37%), and P (23%) when rice was treated with 5% citric acid. Overall, washing agents reduced analytes in the following manners pesticides, toxic elements, and essential elements when using acetic acid, sodium chloride, and citric acid separately.
Familial traits of bipolar disorder: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Scott Katie , Nunes Abraham , Pavlova Barbara , Meier Sandra , Alda Martin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundGenetic studies of bipolar disorder (BD) have shown varied results, which is in part because of the heterogeneity of the disorder. Identifying clinical phenotypes of BD could reduce variability and benefit research. Since BD has a robust genetic component, studies can investigate clinical traits that cluster in families to identify phenotypes with a probable genetic basis.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review of the current literature on familial clinical traits of BD. Text screening and data extraction were performed independently by two reviewers, and random effects meta‐analysis was used.ResultsOf 1117 unique records, 16 studies met inclusion criteria. These studies indicated 14 potentially familial traits of BD: age of onset (OR: 4.50; 95% CI: [3.25, 6.22]), bipolar type (OR: 2.05 [1.50, 2.79]), lithium response (OR: 3.71 [1.28, 10.82]), polarity at onset (OR: 1.17 [1.03, 1.34]), psychotic features (OR: 2.20 [1.51, 3.20]), mood‐incongruent psychosis (OR: 2.52 [1.66, 3.83]), puerperal psychosis (OR: 6.54 [2.55, 16.77]), rapid cycling (OR: 4.95 [0.96, 25.40]), suicide attempt (OR: 1.04 [0.65, 1.67]), alcoholism (OR: 1.53 [1.09, 2.16]), obsessive–compulsive disorder (OR: 3.10 [1.31; 7.09]), panic disorder (OR: 2.69 [1.12; 6.48]), social anxiety disorder (OR: 1.00 [0.39, 2.55]), and specific phobia (OR: 1.94 [0.95; 3.96]). For most traits, tests of heterogeneity were significant and publication bias was likely.ConclusionThe results of our review and meta‐analysis highlight the lack of studies investigating familial clinical traits of BD, despite the need to address heterogeneity. The large degree of variability between studies must be reduced for future research.
Mesenchymal stem cells‐ an excellent therapeutic agent for cancer
Authors: TomyTomcy Anjilikal , Sindhu Edakkadath Raghavan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDespite rapid advancement in research of diagnostics and therapeutics, cancer is the most dangerous disease‐causing millions of deaths worldwide. Many of the conventional anticancer therapies can even lead to developing resistance to therapy and recurrence of cancer. To find a new, alternative treatment strategy for a variety of ailments scientists and researchers have turned their attention to cell therapies and regenerative medicine. Stem cells are now being researched for their extensive potential application in therapy for several incurable illnesses including cancer. One of the most often employed cell types for regenerative medicine is mesenchymal stem cells. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are considered a promising source of stem cells in personalized cell‐based therapies. The inherent tumor tropic and immune‐modulatory properties of MSCs can be used to target cancer cells. This review aims to focus on the anticancer properties of MSCs and their effect on different signaling pathways. Later on, we discuss the advantages of engineered MSCs over non‐engineered MSCsin cancer therapy.
Successful treatment of classic pyoderma gangrenosum with intralesional infliximab injection: A case report
Authors: Ahmadi Kourosh , Aflaki Elham , Akbarzade Jahromi Mojgan , Dastgheib Ladan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a rare dermatological disease characterized by the rapid development of painful skin ulcers. While systemic infliximab is considered a standard treatment for patients with PG, herein, we report our success with the use of intralesional infliximab in a 40‐year‐old woman with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and PG.
Children as participants in health research in South Africa: A response to Labuschaigne, Mahomed and Dhai
Authors: Donnelly Dusty‐Lee , Thaldar Donrich W 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA complex network of ethico‐legal rules makes it difficult for health researchers in South Africa to lawfully recruit adolescents to the kinds of sensitive studies where it may be ethically appropriate to proceed without notifying parents or obtaining parental consent. This article responds to a recent proposal to amend the blanket requirement for mandatory parental consent presently contained in section 71 the South African National Health Act 61 of 2003 [NHA]. The proposed amendment is intended to bring the NHA into alignment with South Africa's 2015 Department of Health Guidelines on Ethics in Health Research by permitting greater flexibility for a health research ethics committee to waive parental consent, and permit adolescents to consent independently. A lacuna in this proposal is highlighted with reference to the requirements of South Africa's Protection of Personal Information Act 4 of 2013 [POPIA]: Even if the NHA is amended as proposed, the goal of aligning South African law with prevailing ethics norms in South Africa would not necessarily be attained, as parental consent may still be required by POPIA. This article investigates whether this goal (of aligning the law with ethics) can be attained in a way that is compliant with POPIA. It is concluded that this is indeed possible in a number of ways, and that the best way to attain this goal is by requesting the South African Information Regulator to issue a guidance note to the effect that all health research projects that are approved by institutional health research ethics committees are to be regarded as being in the public interest, which would qualify such health research projects to be exempted from POPIA's consent requirements.
Mathematical modeling for developmental processes
Authors: Iwasa Yoh 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe review several mathematical models and concepts in developmental biology that have been established over the last decade. (1) Feedback vertex set: Ascidian embryos contain cells of seven types, and cell fate is controlled by ~100 interacting genes. The “feedback vertex set” of the directed graph of the gene regulatory network consists of a small number of genes. By experimentally manipulating them, we can differentiate cells into any cell type. (2) Tissue deformation: Describing morphological changes in tissues and relating them to gene expression and other cellular processes is key in understanding morphogenesis. Expansion and anisotropy of the tissue are described by a “deformation tensor” at each location. A study on chick limb bud formation revealed that both the volume growth rate and anisotropy in deformation differed significantly between locations and stages. (3) Mechanobiology: Forces operating on each cell may alter cell shape and gene expression, which may subsequently exert forces on their surroundings. Measurements of force, tissue shape, and gene expression help us understand autonomous tissue deformation. (4) Adaptive design of development: An optimal growth schedule in fluctuating environments explains the growth response to starvation in Drosophila larvae. Adaptive placement of morphogen sources makes development robust to noises.
Effect of the glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist liraglutide, compared to caloric restriction, on appetite, dietary intake, body fat distribution and cardiometabolic biomarkers: A randomized trial in adults with obesity and prediabetes
Authors: Silver Heidi J. , Olson Dianna , Mayfield Dustin , Wright Patricia , Nian Hui , Mashayekhi Mona , Koethe John R. , Niswender Kevin D. , Luther James M. , Brown Nancy J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimsTo investigate the hypothesis that weight loss with the glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonist (GLP‐1RA) liraglutide alone would lead to a greater reduction in the proportion of fat to lean tissue mass when compared to caloric restriction (CR) alone, as well as when compared to treatment with sitagliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 (DPP‐4) inhibitor, that also enhances GLP‐1 activity ‐ to determine the independent effects of each treatment.MethodsA total of 88 adults with obesity and prediabetes were randomized to 14 weeks of intervention with CR (−390 kcal/d), liraglutide (1.8 mg/d), or the dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitor sitagliptin (100 mg/d) as a weight‐neutral comparator. Changes between groups in appetite and hunger ratings measured via visual analogue scales, dietary intakes, body weight, body composition via dual energy x‐ray absorptiometry, and resting energy expenditure via indirect calorimetry were assessed using the Kruskal‐Wallis test or Pearson's chi‐squared test.ResultsWeight loss ≥5% of baseline body weight occurred in 44% of participants in the CR group, 22% of the liraglutide group and 5% of the sitagliptin group (p = 0.02). The ratio of fat to lean mass decreased by 6.5% in the CR group, 2.2% in the liraglutide group, and 0% in the sitagliptin group (p = 0.02). Visceral fat reduced by 9.5% in the CR group, 4.8% in the liraglutide group, and 0% in the sitagliptin group (p = 0.04). A spontaneous reduction in dietary simple carbohydrates in the CR group was associated with improved homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance score (HOMA‐IR).ConclusionsAlthough both liraglutide and CR are valuable strategies for cardiometabolic risk reduction, CR was associated with greater weight loss and more favourable improvements in body composition than treatment with liraglutide alone. Differences in the response to each of these interventions enables patients to be stratified to the most optimal intervention for their personal risk factors.