bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Graphene oxide/copper nanosheet-integrated hydrogel platform as a bioactive and biocompatible scaffold to accelerate calvarial defect restoration
Authors: Yang Ying , Zhou Bixia , Li Min , Jiang Xulei , Zhou Xinxin , Hu Chengjun , Zhang Dou , Luo Hang , Tan Wuyuan , Yang Xinghua , Lei Shaorong 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
The treatment of craniofacial bone defects caused by trauma, tumors, and infectious and degenerative diseases is a significant issue in current clinical practice. Following the rapid development of bone tissue engineering (BTE) in the last decade, bioactive scaffolds coupled with multifunctional properties are in high demand with regard to effective therapy for bone defects.
Methods
In this study, motivated by the versatile biological functions of nanomaterials and synthetic hydrogels, copper nanoparticle (CuNP)-decorated graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets (GO/Cu) were combined with methacrylated gelatin (GelMA)-based organic-inorganic hybrids to construct porous bone scaffolds that mimic the extracellular matrix (ECM) of bone tissues by photocrosslinking. The material characterizations, in vitro cytocompatibility and osteogenesis of the biohybrid hydrogel scaffolds were investigated, and two different animal models were established to further confirm the in vivo neovascularization, macrophage recruitment, biocompatibility, biosafety and bone regenerative potential.
Results
It found that GO/Cu-functionalized GelMA/β-TCP hydrogel scaffolds exhibited evidently promoted osteogenic activities and excellent cytocompatibility, with favorable surface characteristics and sustainable release of Cu2+. Additionally, improved neovascularization, macrophage recruitment and tissue integration were found in mice implanted with the bioactive hydrogels. More importantly, the observations of microCT reconstruction and histological analysis in a calvarial bone defect model in rats treated with GO/Cu-incorporated hydrogel scaffolds, demonstrated significantly accelerated bone healing.
Conclusions
Taken together, this BTE-based bone repair strategy provides a promising and feasible method for constructing multifunctional GO/Cu nanocomposite- incorporated biohybrid hydrogel scaffolds with facilitated osteogenesis, angiogenesis and immunoregulation in one system, thereby demonstrating the great application potential for correcting craniofacial bone defects in future clinical scenarios.
Carrier-free low-molecular-weight heparin and lipid conjugate-based nano-anticoagulant with an albumin shuttling effect
Authors: Park Jooho , Lee Jae-Hyeon , Lim Hansol , Ma Gaeun , Seo Minho , Lee Jun-Hyuck , Yang Seong-Bin , Jeong Han-Gil , Kweon Seho 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

The potential for polysaccharides to have long-term effects in the body is restricted by their naturally large molecular size and flexibility. In particular, patients receiving the anticoagulant heparin in preventive therapies would strongly benefit from an extended (long-term) effect of administered heparin, but the related technology has hardly been developed. Here, we have newly designed and evaluated a nanoengineered low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) and octadecylamine conjugate (LMHO) that can act for a long time while maintaining close to 97 ± 3% of heparin activity via end-specific conjugation of the reducing end of heparin. It generates self-assembled nanoparticles (NP) with an average size of 105 ± 1.7 nm in water without any nanocarrier and, further, can be combined with serum albumin, resulting in a lipid-based albumin shuttling effect such that the resulting molecules can circulate in the bloodstream for 4–5 days. We substantiate the self-assembly capability of LMHO and its interaction with albumin through molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis, offering novel insights. This innovative approach to carrier-free polysaccharide delivery, enhanced by nanoengineered albumin shuttling, represents a promising platform to address limitations in conventional therapies.
Beneficial effects of the extracts and fractions of Dendranthema zawadskii and quantitative analysis of phenolic compounds by HPLC/UV
Authors: So Jeong , Lee Hak-Dong , Lee Sullim , Lee Sanghyun , Lim Jin Hee 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Dendranthema spp. are good sources of phenolic compounds with pharmacological effects. To improve industrial material efficiency and economic feasibility, Dendranthema zawadskii (DZ) was fractionated, and its functional substances and biological activities were evaluated. The linarin contents in the butanol (Bu) and ethyl acetate (EtOAc) fractions were 77.360 mg/g and 70.603 mg/g, respectively, which were approximately 3.4 times higher than those in the methanol extract. In the EtOAc fraction, the luteolin content was 52.135 mg/g (6.4 times higher than that in the methanol extract) and the 3,5-DCQA content was 184.704 mg/g (9.7 times higher than that in the methanol extract). Excluding the hexane (He) and chloroform (Ch) fractions, cell viability was 80% or higher at concentrations of ≤200 μg/mL for HaCaT cells and 25 μg/mL for B16F10 cells, indicating a lack of toxicity. The total polyphenol content of the EtOAc fraction was 370.50 mg/g and the total flavonoid content was 947.47 mg/g, which were significantly higher than those of the other fractions. As a result, the antioxidant activity of the EtOAc fraction at a low concentration of 25 μg/mL was 92.47%, similar to that of the control, and at 100 μg/mL, the He and Bu fractions exhibited high antioxidant activity (>90%). The EtOAc fraction had the highest tyrosinase inhibitory activity (33.33%) and inhibited melanin formation by 37.12% compared with that in the α-MSH treatment group. The antibacterial activities of 100 mg/mL He, Ch, and EtOAc fractions against Staphylococcus aureus were higher than that of the positive control, and the antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosawas higher than that of the positive control for all fractions (100 mg/mL). The Ch fraction had the strongest activity against Candida albicans. Overall, the EtOAc fraction of DZ has a high potential as an industrial material, as it can be safely used with high functionality and polyphenol and flavonoid contents, with extensive potential applications in cosmetics, functional foods, and pharmaceuticals.
Distance-edge-monitoring sets of networks
Authors: Yang Gang , Zhou Jiannan , He Changxiang , Mao Yaping 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
It is important to be able to monitor the network and detect this failure when a connection (an edge) fails. For a vertex set $M$ and an edge $e$ of the graph $G$, let $P(M, e)$ be the set of pairs $(x, y)$ with a vertex $x$ of$M$ and a vertex $y$ of $V(G)$ such that $e$ belongs to all shortest paths between $x$ and $y$. A vertex set $M$ of the graph $G$ is \emph{distance-edge-monitoring set} if every edge $e$ of $G$ is monitored by some vertex of $M$,that is, the set $P(M, e)$ is nonempty. The distance-edge-monitoring number of a graph $G$, recently introduced by Foucaud, Kao, Klasing, Miller, and Ryan, is defined as the smallest size of distance-edge-monitoring sets of $G$.In this paper, we determine the bounds of the distance-edge-monitoring number of grid-based pyramids and the exact value of distance-edge-monitoring number for $M(t)$-graph and Sierpi{\'n}ski-type graphs.We also compare the distance-edge-monitoring set with average degree, the size of edge set and the size of vertex set of $G$, where $G$ is $M(t)$-graph or Sierpi{\'n}ski-type graphs.
A Crosswalk Study of Law Enforcement Agency Records of Nonfatal Shootings with Aggravated Assaults captured in NIBRS
Authors: De Biasi Alaina , McGarrell Edmund , Wolfe Scott 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Despite being more prevalent, national efforts to provide a valid and reliable source of data on nonfatal shooting injuries lag behind those focused on fatal shooting injuries. Even more, national data systems that do collect data on nonfatal shooting injuries have severe shortcomings that place limits on their usefulness to inform firearm violence research, including intervention and prevention efforts. Our study focuses on one common source of firearm violence data that is supported by law enforcement agencies (LEAs): The National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS). Recognizing the limitations of NIBRS and to inform internal practices, some LEAs keep records on nonfatal shooting injuries. These records prevent a natural opportunity to compare known incidents of nonfatal shootings to aggravated assaults involving a firearm and injury to the victim, a NIBRS proxy measure for nonfatal shootings. To this end, the purpose of our study is to assess the ability of NIBRS to identify nonfatal shooting incidents through a comparison of known nonfatal shooting incidents identified by the Detroit Police Department from 2017 through 2020. Our findings demonstrate the value of expanding NIBIRS to improve the measurement of nonfatal shooting injuries and the importance of LEAs in driving this change and supporting firearm violence research.
A non-antibiotic erythromycin derivative improves muscle endurance by regulating endogenous anti-fatigue protein orosomucoid
Authors: Feng Jiayi , Wan Jingjing , Sun Yang , Chen Fei , Chen Yi , Guo Pengyue , Sun Qingyan , Zhang Weidong , Liu Xia 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
At present, there is no official approved drug for improving muscle endurance. Our previous research found that acute phase protein Orosomucoid was an endogenous anti-fatigue protein, elevated by erythromycin to promote muscle bioenergetics and endurance. Here, we try to find a non-antibiotic erythromycin derivative improving muscle endurance.
Methods
The antibacterial activity was evaluated by bacterial inhibition ring test and 16S rRNA sequencing of the feces. Mice muscle endurance was evaluated by forced-swimming and treadmill-running. Fatigue index of isolated soleus muscle was evaluated by electrically evoked contraction. Glycogen content and mitochondrial number were tested by glycogen assay kit and transmission electron microscope. The expression of Orosomucoid in tissues and cells was detected by western blotting. Orosomucoid-targeting activity of HMS-01 was evaluated on Orosomucoid-deficient mice.
Results
HMS-01 is a novel erythromycin derivative, which lost antibacterial activity and could time- and dose-dependently prolong mice force-swimming and running time, improving fatigue index of soleus muscle. Moreover, HMS-01 increased glycogen content and mitochondria numbers in liver and muscle, and Orosomucoid level in vivo and in vitro. In Orosomucoid-deficient mice, the anti-fatigue and glycogen-elevation activity of HMS-01 disappeared.
Conclusions
HMS-01 may be a promising small molecule drug targeting Orosomucoid to enhance muscle endurance.
Low Prevalence of Ideal Cardiovascular Health Metrics in Nigerians: a cross sectional study
Authors: Amadi Casmir , Lawal Folasade , Akinsola Clement , Udenze Ifeoma , Mbakwem Amam , Ajuluchukwu Jayne , Oke David 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background: Ideal cardiovascular health (ICH) is a metrics for primordial prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Its prevalence in Nigerians is not known.
Methods
This cross-sectional study assessed the seven American Heart Association’s ICH metrics of 889 Nigerians. The metrics included non-smoking, healthy diet, physical activity, body mass index (<25 kg/m2), untreated blood pressure <120/<80 mmHg, untreated total cholesterol <200 mg/dL, and untreated fasting blood glucose <100 mg/dL). Logistic regressions were used to estimate associations between sociodemographic factors (age and sex) and meeting 5–7 CVH metrics.
Results: No one met all 7 of ICH metrics while 70 (7.8%) had 5-7metrics. The most prevalent and least prevalent ideal biological factors were ideal fasting plasma cholesterol (62.8%) and ideal blood pressure (31.5%) respectively. The most prevalent and least prevalent behavioural factors were ideal smoking status (86.2%) and ideal diet (6.5%) respectively. Compared to males, females had better ideal BP, p=0.005; better ideal fasting plasma glucose, p=0.031; better ideal fasting plasma cholesterol, p<0.001 and ideal smoking status, p<0.001. Ages 45 to 64 had better ideal smoking status and ideal physical activity (p<0.001 and p=0.001 respectively).
Conclusion: There is a low prevalence of ICHamong Nigerians. Concerted efforts should be made to improve healthy living among Nigerians.
Comprehensive identification of potentially active transposon-mobility genes in C. elegans genome
Authors: Arata Yukinobu , Jurica Peter , Parrish Nicholas , Sako Yasushi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Transposons are the mobile DNA that itself encodes genes for their own mobility. During evolution, transposons accumulated their copies on genomic DNA, whereas many of them lost their mobile activity due to deletion or point mutations on the DNA elements required for their mobility. Here, we focused on the transposon-encoded genes which are directly involved in replication, excision, and integration of transposon DNA, i.e. transposon-mobility genes in the C. elegans genome. Among the 62,773 copies of retro- and DNA transposons in the latest assembly of the C. elegans genome (VC2010), 290 transposon-mobility genes conserved the complete open reading frame (ORF) structure. Among them, only 145 genes conserved the critical amino acids at the catalytic core. In contrast to the huge number of transposon copies in the genome, a limited number of genes encoded potentially functional enzymes for transposon mobility. Our finding indicates that a handful number of transposon copies can autonomously transpose in the C. elegansgenome.
WITHDRAWN: Evaluating Patient and Public Involvement (PPI) in NHS Talking Therapies for Anxiety and Depression: A Framework Analysis of PPI Experience and Development of Good Practice Guidelines
Authors: Verbist Irini , Fabian Hannah , Huey Dale , Brooks Helen , Blakemore Amy 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Patient and public involvement (PPI) in research is increasingly growing. Despite the potential benefits of receiving service-user feedback within healthcare services, PPI remains limited in the context of psychological therapies services. Six PPI meetings, aiming to improve treatment engagement, were held in an NHS Talking Therapies service in Northwest England. The aim of the study is to evaluate the PPI experience and to develop good practice guidelines, hoping to encourage PPI activity within Talking Therapies services.
Methods
The study adopted a qualitative focus group design using a semi-structured topic guide. Five participants were recruited from the PPI meetings, all of whom were ex-service users. Framework analysis, incorporating both inductive and deductive coding, was applied to the transcript. The National Institute of Health Research (NIHR) INVOLVE standards were used as the predetermined themes, namely, respect, support, transparency, responsiveness, fairness of opportunity and accountability.
Results
The members reported an overall positive PPI experience. Acknowledgement of PPI contribution, receiving adequate guidance and flexibility, and acquiring new knowledge increased members’ feelings of empowerment. It was also emphasised that being provided with detailed information about the process and role expectations, as well as enabling inclusivity, encouraged engagement and active participation. The members also offered some suggestions for future involvement, such as ensuring diverse recruitment and discretion. In addition, a new standard was added, “Safe Space”, underscoring the importance of creating a welcoming environment when involving people with past or present mental health difficulties.
Conclusions
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study presenting good practice guidelines to facilitate the recruitment, engagement, empowerment, and impact of PPI activity in Talking Therapies services. By providing this guidance, we hope that researchers and clinical staff will be encouraged to involve service users in the decision-making of Talking Therapies service improvement.
Single-Atom Tailored Atomically-Precise Nanoclusters for Enhanced Electrochemical CO2 Reduction Activity
Authors: Zang Shuang-Quan , Wang Shan , Wang Yi-Man , Yan Fang-Qin , Wang Qian-You , Du Chen-Xia 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The development of facile tailoring approach to adjust the intrinsic activity and stability of atomically-precise metal nanoclusters (NCs) catalysts is of great interest but remians challenging. Herein, the well-defined Au8 NCs modified by single-atom (SA) sites were rationally synthesized via a co-eletropolymerization strategy, in which uniformly dispersed metal NC and SA co-entrenched on the poly-carbazole matrix. Systematic characterization and theoretical modeling reveal that functionalizing SAs enable altering the electronic structures of Au8 clusters, which amplifies their electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) activity by ~18.07 fold compared to isolated Au8 metal clusters. The rearrangements of the electronic structure not only strengthen the adsorption of the key intermediates *COOH, but also establish a favorable reaction pathway for the CO2RR. Moreover, this strategy fixing NCs and SAs on cross-linked polymer networks efficiently deduce the performance deactivation caused by agglomeration during the catalytic process. This work contribute to explore the intrinsic activity and stability improvement of metal clusters.
Underwater Image Processing and Target Detection from Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Zhang Yangmei , Bi Yang , Li Junfang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

The underwater image obtained is difficult to satisfy human visual perception because of the particle scattering and water absorption phenomena when visible light propagates underwater. In underwater images, light absorption easily leads to image distortion and reduction of image contrast and brightness. Therefore, this work aims to improve the quality of underwater image processing, reduce the distortion rate of underwater images, and further improve the efficiency of underwater image extraction, processing, and tracking. This work combines intelligent blockchain technology in emerging multimedia industries with existing image processing technology to improve the target detection capability of image processing algorithms. Firstly, the theory of visual saliency analysis (VSA) is studied. The steps of image processing using VSA are analyzed. Based on the original Itti model, the visual significance detection step is optimized. Then, the theoretical basis and operation steps of particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm in intelligent blockchain technology are studied. VSA theory is combined with PSO to design underwater image processing algorithms and target detection optimization algorithms for underwater images. The experimental results show that: (1) the method has a higher F value and lower Mean Absolute Error. (2) Compared with the original image, the restored image entropy through this method is greatly improved, and the information in the image increases. Therefore, this method has good performance. Besides, this method performs well in image definition, color, and brightness. The quality of the restored image through this method is better than that of other algorithms. (3) Compared with similar algorithms, the relative errors of this method are reduced by 2.56%, 3.24% and 3.89%, respectively. The results show that the method has high accuracy. The research results can provide a reference for future underwater image processing and target detection research. In addition, the designed underwater image processing and target detection and tracking algorithms can improve the detection efficiency and accuracy of underwater targets and help to accurately obtain underwater target images.
Geographical distribution-based differentiation of cultivated Angelica dahurica, exploring the relationship between the secretory tract and the quality
Authors: Wu Qinghua , Jiang Lan , Yan Yuhang , Yan Qi , Zhu Xinglong , Zhang Jiaxu , Huang Chengfeng , Zhou Tao , Ren Chaoxiang , Wen Feiyan , Pei Jin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Based on geographical distribution, cultivated Chinese Angelica dahurica has been divided into Angelica dahurica cv. ‘Hangbaizhi’ and Angelica dahurica cv. ‘Qibaizhi’. Long-term geographical isolation has led to significant quality differences between them. The secretory structure in medicinal plants, as a place for accumulating effective constituents and information transmission to the environment, links the environment with the quality of medicinal materials. However, the secretory tract differences between A. dahurica cv. ‘Hangbaizhi’ and A. dahuricacv. ‘Qibaizhi’ have not been revealed. This study aimed to explore the relationship between the secretory tract and the quality of two kinds of A. dahurica. Root samples were collected at seven development phases. High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry Imaging (DESI-MSI) were used for the content determination and spatial location of coumarins. Paraffin section was used to observe and localize the root secretory tract. Origin, CaseViewer, and HDI software were used for data analysis and image processing. The results showed that compared to A. dahurica cv. ‘Qibaizhi’, A. dahuricacv. ‘Hangbaizhi,’ with better quality, has a larger area and quantity of root secretory tracts. Hence, the root secretory tract can be included in the quality evaluation indicators of A. dahurica. Additionally, DESI-MSI technology was used for the first time to elucidate the temporal and spatial distribution of coumarin components in A. dahurica root tissues. This study provides a theoretical basis for the quality evaluation and breeding of improved varieties of A. dahurica and references the DESI-MSI technology used to analyze the metabolic differences of various compounds, including coumarin and volatile oil, in different tissue parts of A. dahurica.