bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effective thermal conductivity measurement of additively manufactured lattice structures by application of modified temperature profile method
Authors: UMEMOTO Ryo , UENO Ai , NAGANO Hosei , OTSUKI Masatsugu , OGUSHI Tetsuro 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This study aims to establish a general-purpose thermal conductivity measurement method that can take into account the effect of heat loss under atmospheric conditions for measuring the effective thermal conductivity of lattice structures, and to clarify the effective thermal conductivity of lattice structures with different wire diameters. In this paper, calculations by finite element method and measurements using steady state comparative-longitudinal heat flow method and modified temperature profile method were performed to clarify the effective thermal conductivity of the five truncated octahedron unit-cell lattice structures with different wire diameters fabricated by additive manufacturing. The modified temperature profile method is developed to take into account the effect of interfacial thermal resistance in the measurement apparatus. The effective thermal conductivity measured by using the steady state comparative-longitudinal heat flow method and calculated with finite element method analysis showed good agreement, confirming that the effective thermal conductivity is strongly dependent on the wire diameter. The effective thermal conductivity obtained by the modified temperature profile (MTP) method was 3–24% smaller than that obtained by the steady state comparative-longitudinal heat flow method, and the measurement was able to take heat loss into account more concretely. Furthermore, measurements using the MTP method enabled us to obtain reasonable values for the ratio of heat loss in each section, the fin efficiency of the sample, the heat transfer coefficient to the surroundings, and the interfacial thermal resistance between the rods and the sample.
Insect pollinator and natural enemy communities in green roof and ground-level urban habitats
Authors: Manning Katherine McNamara , Coffman Reid R. , Bahlai Christie A. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Urban greenspaces, including green roofs and ground-level urban habitats provide habitat for insect communities in cities. However, beneficial insect communities likely differ between human-managed habitats because of varying provision of resources and connectivity in these greenspaces. This study examined the insect communities in four extensive green roofs and three non-adjacent, similarly structured, managed ground-level habitats. We detected a high degree of overlap in insect taxa but found moderate differences in overall insect community composition between the green roof and ground-level habitats. While there was no difference in Shannon diversity between green roofs and ground-level habitats, the ground-level habitat had greater insect taxa richness. Although, both green roof and ground-level habitats supported pollinators and natural enemies, ground-level had greater mean pollinator and natural enemy richness and Shannon diversity. Unexpectedly, green roofs intentionally designed using native plants for habitat did not differ from those that used non-native plants in insect community metrics used in this study. These findings suggest that connectivity and structure might play an outsized role in shaping urban insect communities.
Renewable Energy and Ecological Sustainability in Africa: Does Foreign Debt and Financial Globalisation Matter?
Authors: Aladejare Samson Adeniyi 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Since the last decade, ecological preservation has become a critically debated topic in developing and developed nations. Hence, to ensure environmental sustainability, countries and international bodies have been canvassing for measures that support severe restrictions to protect the Earth's biodiversity. Without such an approach, sustaining the ecological quality needed for sustainable growth and development will be a mirage if current greenhouse gas levels are not tamed. Hence, this study investigated the effect of renewable energy consumption on the ecological sustainability of 44 African countries and the accompanying roles of external debt and financial globalisation in the relationship. Second-generation estimation techniques were employed and deduced inferences from the cross-sectional autoregressive distributed lag method used in the study. It was empirically demonstrated that renewable energy is insignificant for ecological sustainability without debt stock and financial globalisation. However, the inclusion of both variables revealed that while renewable energy and financial globalisation accelerated ecological sustainability, external debt worsened it in the short and long-term periods. Therefore, relevant policy measures were proposed in the study.
JEL Classification: H54, N77, O3.
A simple sinusoidal quadrature oscillator using a single active element
Authors: Panikhom Suphaphorn , Suksawad Atirarj , Janda Thitiporn , Jantakun Adirek 
Published: March 2023

This study describes a simple design for a single active element sinusoidal oscillator with a quadrature signal. A current conveyor transconductance amplifier (CCTA), a single resistor, and two grounded capacitors are used in the first circuit. The second circuit is improved by using a current-controlled current conveyor transconductance amplifier (CCCCTA) and two grounded capacitors without a passive resistor, which means the grounded capacitor is suitably implemented for the IC fabrication. The oscillation condition and frequency of both circuits can be controlled using the same method that concurrently adjusts the DC bias current and the resistance as well as the oscillation frequency can be independently adjusted by capacitances. The CCTA is achieved by cascading the integrated circuits (IC) AD844 and LM13700, made by Analog Devices Corporation and Texas Instruments, respectively, which are available for commercial purchase. The sinusoidal quadrature signals in the time-domain and frequency-domain can be shown with computer simulations and the results of experiments. The Monte Carlo Analysis is also utilized to examine the oscillation frequency with the influence of passive element tolerance errors. The predicted oscillation frequency has a standard variation of about 20.04 kHz, with a maximum frequency of approximately 346.89 kHz and a minimum frequency of approximately 259.09 kHz. In addition, the mean and median frequencies are 296.10 and 293.98 kHz, respectively. The results of this study indicate that computer simulation and experiment are similar to a theoretical analysis, making them suiTable for use in the teaching of electrical and electronic engineering
Crystal habit (tracht) of groundmass pyroxene crystals recorded magma ascent paths during the 2011 Shinmoedake eruption
Authors: Okumura Shota H. , Mujin Mayumi , Tsuchiyama Akira , Miyake Akira 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The morphologies and size distributions of groundmass crystals record conditions of magma ascent through volcanic conduits. However, morphological information (such as crystal shapes) has not been incorporated into crystal size distributions (CSDs). Here, we focused on the crystal habit, especially the shape variation due to the combination of (hk0) faces (hereafter “tracht”) of pyroxene microlites and nano-crystals, and measured CSDs for each crystal habit (tracht) to more comprehensively characterize the crystallization kinetics. We refer to the CSDs measured for each tracht as “tracht-specific CSDs.” Pyroclasts from the 2011 eruption of Shinmoedake (Kirishima volcano group, Japan) were examined by field-emission scanning electron microscopy, electron backscatter diffraction analysis, synchrotron radiation X-ray computed nanotomography, and transmission electron microscopy. The samples contain groundmass pyroxenes of two main trachts: octagonal prisms consisting of {100}, {010}, and {110} faces and hexagonal prism lacking {100} faces. The pumice clasts formed by different eruption styles showed different trends of tracht-specific CSDs. Sub-Plinian pumice clasts were characterized by octagonal microlites (1–10 μm wide) and numerous hexagonal nano-crystals (0.2–2 μm wide), and a Vulcanian pumice clast with the same glass composition showed the same characteristics. In contrast, Vulcanian pumice clasts with more evolved glass compositions contained mostly octagonal pyroxenes. The tracht-specific CSDs and growth zonations indicate a change from octagon-dominant to hexagon-dominant growth conditions during syneruptive ascent. We infer that the hexagonal tracht resulted from a large degree of effective undercooling due to rapid decompression in the shallow conduit. Moreover, the texture of the less-evolved Vulcanian pumice indicates that a portion of the magma erupted on the Vulcanian eruption followed almost the same ascent paths just prior to the fragmentation as those during the sub-Plinian eruptions, and thus the Vulcanian eruption may have involved the rapid ascent of deeper magma. We propose that tracht analyses of groundmass pyroxenes provide detailed information about time-evolution of magma conditions during syneruptive ascent.
Patient-Centered Outcomes Associated With a Novel Office-Based Opioid Treatment Program in a District Health Department: Mixed Methods Pilot Study
Authors: Coles Theresa , Chen Hillary , Des Marais Andrea , Sachdeva Nidhi , Bush Christopher , Macon Harrison Lisa , Guthrie Shauna 
Published: March 2023

Background
Granville and Vance counties have some of the highest opioid-related death rates in North Carolina, and have significant unmet needs with regard to opioid treatment. Medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD) is the most effective evidence-based approach to address opioid use disorder. Despite demonstrated efficacy and substantial need, access to MOUD is still insufficient in many parts of the United States. In order to connect patients with needed MOUD services, the district health department, Granville Vance Public Health (GVPH), established an office-based opioid treatment (OBOT) program.

Objective
In this formative pilot study, we sought to describe patients’ goals and outcomes in a program delivered at a rural local health department using an integrated care approach.

Methods
We used a mixed methods concurrent nested research design. The primary method of investigation was one-on-one qualitative interviews with active OBOT patients (n=7) focused on patients’ goals and perceived impacts of the program. Trained interviewers followed a semistructured interview guide developed iteratively by the study team. The secondary method was a descriptive quantitative analysis (79 patients; 1478 visits over 2.5 years) of treatment retention and patient-reported outcomes (anxiety and depression).

Results
Participants in the OBOT program were 39.6 years of age on average, and 25.3% (20/79) were uninsured. The average retention in the program was 18.4 months. The proportion of individuals in the program with moderate to severe depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9 scores ≥10) decreased between program initiation (66%, 23/35) and at the most recent assessment (34%, 11/32). In qualitative interviews, participants credited the OBOT program for reducing or stopping the use of opioids and other substances (eg, marijuana, cocaine, and benzodiazepines). Many participants noted how the program helped them manage withdrawal symptoms and cravings, which helped them feel more in control of their use. Participants also attributed improvements in quality of life to the OBOT program, such as improved relationships with loved ones, improved mental and physical health, and improved financial stability.

Conclusions
Initial data show promising patient outcomes for active GVPH OBOT participants, including reduction in opioid use and improvements in quality of life. As a pilot study, a limitation of this study is a lack of a comparison group. However, this formative project demonstrates promising patient-centered outcome improvements for GVPH OBOT participants.
Web-Based Video Education to Improve Uptake of Influenza Vaccination and Other Preventive Health Recommendations in Adults With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Randomized Controlled Trial of Project PREVENT
Authors: Long Millie D , van Deen Welmoed K , Weisbein Laura , Khalil Carine , Appel Keren L , Zhang Xian , Chen Wenli , Zubrod Lori , Maris Robbie , Ghafari Afsoon , Dupuy Taylor , Ha Christina Y , Spiegel Brennan M R , Almario Christopher V , Melmed Gil Y 
Published: March 2023

Background
Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are at increased risk of infections, bone fractures, and skin cancers.

Objective
We developed preventive health videos using a patient-centered approach and tested their impact on preventive health uptake.

Methods
Five animated videos explaining preventive health recommendations in IBD were iteratively developed with patient-centered focus groups and interviews. A randomized controlled trial was then conducted in a web-based IBD cohort to test the impact of video- versus text-based educational interventions. The primary outcome was receipt of the influenza vaccine. Secondary outcomes included intention to receive other preventive health services.

Results
Five animated videos were developed with patient input. A total of 1056 patients with IBD were then randomized to receive the video (n=511) or text-only (n=545) interventions; 55% (281/511) of the video group and 57% (311/545) of the text-only group had received their influenza vaccine in the prior year. Immediately after the intervention, 73% (502/683) of patients reported their intention to receive the vaccine, with no difference by the type of intervention (75%, 231/307, for the video group and 72%, 271/376, for the text-only group). The proportion of patients who actually received the influenza vaccine after the intervention also did not differ by messaging type (P=.07). The strongest predictor of both intention to receive and actual receipt of the influenza vaccine was prior influenza vaccination. Older age was also associated with a higher likelihood of the intention to receive (age 36-75 years relative to 18-35 years; P=.006) and actual receipt (age >75 years relative to 18-35 years; P=.05) of the influenza vaccine.

Conclusions
The proportion of patients receiving the influenza vaccine was high in both groups, but there was no difference in receipt of or in the intention to receive preventive health recommendations by type of messaging. Notably, a portion of patients in both groups had intended to be vaccinated but did not ultimately receive the vaccine. Further evaluation of patient-education strategies is warranted to improve preventive health uptake among patients with IBD.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05997537; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05997537
Obstacles to Health Big Data Utilization Based on the Perceptions and Demands of Health Care Workers in South Korea: Web-Based Survey Study
Authors: Lee Yoon Heui , Jang Yu-Jin , Lee Soo-Kyoung 
Published: March 2023

Background
This study focuses on the potential of health big data in the South Korean context. Despite huge data reserves and pan-government efforts to increase data use, the utilization is limited to public interest research centered in public institutions that have data. To increase the use of health big data, it is necessary to identify and develop measures to meet the various demands for such data from individuals, private companies, and research institutes.

Objective
The aim of this study was to identify the perceptions of and demands for health big data analysis and use among workers in health care–related occupations and to clarify the obstacles to the use of health big data.

Methods
From May 8 to May 18, 2022, we conducted a web-based survey among 390 health care–related workers in South Korea. We used Fisher exact test and analysis of variance to estimate the differences among occupations. We expressed the analysis results by item in frequency and percentage and expressed the difficulties in analyzing health big data by mean and standard deviation.

Results
The respondents who revealed the need to use health big data in health care work–related fields accounted for 86.4% (337/390); 65.6% (256/390) of the respondents had never used health big data. The lack of awareness about the source of the desired data was the most cited reason for nonuse by 39.6% (153/386) of the respondents. The most cited obstacle to using health big data by the respondents was the difficulty in data integration and expression unit matching, followed by missing value processing and noise removal. Thus, the respondents experienced the greatest difficulty in the data preprocessing stage during the health big data analysis process, regardless of occupation. Approximately 91.8% (358/390) of the participants responded that they were willing to use the system if a system supporting big data analysis was developed. As suggestions for the specific necessary support system, the reporting and provision of appropriate data and expert advice on questions arising during the overall process of big data analysis were mentioned.

Conclusions
Our findings indicate respondents’ high awareness of and demand for health big data. Our findings also reveal the low utilization of health big data and the need to support health care workers in their analysis and use of such data. Hence, we recommend the development of a customized support system that meets the specific requirements of big data analysis by users such as individuals, nongovernmental agencies, and academia. Our study is significant because it identified important but overlooked failure factors. Thus, it is necessary to prepare practical measures to increase the utilization of health big data in the future.
Effectiveness of Silver Diamine Fluoride for Early Childhood Caries Among Children Aged 24 to 72 Months: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Basheer N Amitha , Jodalli Praveen S , Nayak Namratha , K S Aparna , Badekkila Avinash R 
Published: March 2023

Background
Dental caries is a serious public health issue globally. It is one of the most prevalent chronic disease in children worldwide. An important public health concern is the existence of one or more decayed, missing, or filled tooth surfaces in any primary teeth of preschool children. Early childhood caries (ECC) can be halted with the use of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) solution. Previous research has indicated that it may have a preventive impact in the treatment of ECC. It is well known that 38% silver diamine fluoride (SDF) is helpful at preventing dental caries. On the other hand, there is not enough evidence on SDF’s ability to prevent caries in primary teeth. To date, no well-planned clinical study has been carried out to investigate SDF’s impact on caries protection.

Objective
The study’s objective is to evaluate and compare the efficacy of 12%, 30%, and 38% silver diamine fluoride in preventing ECC in children aged 24 to 72 months in Mangaluru Taluk.

Methods
This is a single-center, randomized, active-controlled, parallel-group pragmatic trial. Children attending preschool in Mangalore Taluk aged 24 to 72 months will be included in the study. There will be three study groups: group 1 will receive 12% SDF semiannually; group 2 will receive 30% SDF semiannually; and group 3 will receive 38% SDF semiannually. After 6 and 12 months, the principal examiner will conduct a clinical examination of the teeth with a visual and tactile assessment. The effectiveness of the various concentrations of SDF will be determined after 12 months.

Results
The research was funded in September 2020, and data collection started in September 2022. As of February 2023, 150 participants have enrolled in the study. The project is still underway, and it is expected to be completed in December 2023.

Conclusions
Uncertainty surrounds the efficacy of 38% SDF in preventing ECC. Consensus-Based Clinical Case Reporting (CARE) guidelines recommending the use of SDF for ECC prevention will be modified if the findings are as expected. Additionally, since the findings will be broadly disseminated, more nations will implement the use of SDF, easing the burden of ECC on the entire world. Future research on the treatment and prevention of ECC will benefit from the study results. If SDF is successful in preventing caries in a classroom or community context, it will mark an important turning point for preventive dentistry.

Trial Registration
Clinical Trial Registry of India CTRI/2020/02/023420; https://tinyurl.com/3ju2apab

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
PRR1-10.2196/46144
Texto de Silvana Tanzi. <i>La ciudad escrita</i>
Authors: Tanzi Silvana 
Published: March 2023

Las paredes de Montevideo hablan con un lenguaje extraño: garabatos ilegibles se mezclan con letras de canciones, afiches de varias temporadas con consignas políticas o chistes sexuales. Entre tanto murmullo solo a veces se distingue el verdadero ingenio en un dibujo o en una leyenda, como en aquella que en plena crisis económica del 2002 proclamaba: “¡Basta de realidades, queremos promesas!”. Pero a veces las paredes hacen demasiado ruido y ya no se puede entender la ciudad repleta de trazos caprichosos y palabras desordenadas que tapan monumentos, plazas y edificios.
Determinismo medial e imposibilidad de la comunicación
Authors: Otero Bello Edison 
Published: March 2023

Otero plantea la necesidad una crítica generalizada a la teoría de la comunicación, tanto en lo que refiere a algunos conceptos teóricos como en la propia construcción del conocimiento. Varios conceptos teóricos son utilizados casi sin ser interpelados mientras lo que proponen, en última instancia, es un escenario de comunicación imposible, por lo cual son inadecuados para explicar los fenómenos de la comunicación en forma satisfactoria. Además, el autor alerta sobre la tendencia a la investigación fragmentada, irrelevante para la construcción de conocimiento general, caracterizada por el desconocimiento mutuo y por la autoreferencia.
Análise da validade de modelos de gestão da sustentabilidade: uma proposta metodológica qualitativa.
Authors: Munck Luciano , Galleli Bárbara , Bansi Ana Claudia 
Published: March 2023

O presente artigo tem por objetivo apresentar um caminho metodológico capaz de analisar qualitativamente a validade de modelos de gestão da sustentabilidade. Com a premissa de que a validação de um modelo significa a possibilidade de sua expressão coerente em contexto empírico, após explicitada a elaboração do caminho metodológico para a análise da validade qualitativa de modelos de gestão da sustentabilidade, foi demonstrada sua aplicabilidade com base no framework representativo do acontecimento da sustentabilidade organizacional, de Munck, Munck e Borim-de-Souza (2011b). Como avanços principais, destaca-se a proposição de um caminho que visa não somente a validar uma ou outra dimensão da sustentabilidade, mas sim um modelo de gestão em sua totalidade. Além disso, há a contribuição para o avanço da consolidação da pesquisa qualitativa no que tange à validade de modelos e aos processos de validação, no sentido de sua ratificação como possibilidade e oportunidade de pesquisa.