bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Suction Wound Drain on Laparotomy Wound Healing in Emergency Colorectal Surgeries
Authors: Githu S. G. , John Binni , Saju Jiya Mulayamkuzhiyil , Sasikumar M. N. 
Published: August 2023

Background:
This prospective observational study attempts to compare the healing in the laparotomy midline wounds closed primarily with negative suction wound drain to those wounds where only linea alba was closed with skin and subcutaneous tissue left open for secondary suturing, in emergency colorectal surgeries.

Materials and Methods:
This study was conducted on 160 patients in the general surgery department of a tertiary care teaching hospital for 12 months in those who underwent emergency colorectal surgery through midline laparotomy and randomly allotted for either laparotomy midline wound closure with suction drain or closure with linea alba suturing alone with skin and subcutaneous tissue left open for secondary suturing. These two groups were compared for wound healing. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS software.

Results:
The wound contamination in those with closed wound with negative suction wound drain (Group A) had 40% in Grade II and 37.5% in Grade III, whereas those in which skin and subcutaneous tissue was left open after closing linea alba (Group B) had 53.8% in Grade II and 38.8% in Grade I and this might have contributed to the better healing as was seen in Group B than in Group A. This showed that wound healing was better in those wounds where only linea alba was closed with skin and subcutaneous tissue left open for secondary suturing after 1 week.

Conclusion:
In emergency colorectal surgeries, wound healing is better with reduced chance of surgical site infection in those wounds where only linea alba was closed with skin and subcutaneous tissue left open and secondary suturing was done after a week.
Neutrophil–Leucocyte Ratio as a Predictor of Bowel Viability in Incarcerated Hernia
Authors: Deepak T. K. 
Published: August 2023

Introduction:
Incarcerated hernias can lead to bowel obstruction or strangulation, leading to loss of bowel viability. One of the changes occurring in our body during incarceration or strangulation of hernia is neutrophil leucocyte ratio (NLR) change. This relationship can be made use of for recognising hernia as, early or late leading to bowel ischaemia. It helps to decide safe non-operative management or early surgical intervention to prevent life-threatening complications. Primary objective of the study was to assess the predictive accuracy of preoperative neutrophil–leucocyte ratio and bowel viability amongst patients with incarcerated hernia. The secondary objective was to identify the relationship between preoperative neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio and bowel viability in incarcerated hernia.

Methodology:
This cross-sectional study which used diagnostic test evaluation was done with a sample size of 100 patients, after obtaining informed consent. Detailed history, physical examination and laboratory investigations were collected, and the need for bowel resection was assessed, surgery was carried out under aseptic precautions and checked for bowel viability and then comparison done with neutrophil–leucocyte ratio and data analysed using SPSS software (IBM-SPSS, New Delhi, India 2021) using Chi-square test.

Results:
The majority belonged to 51–60 years of age, 66 belonged to male gender and 31 patients underwent bowel resection. The mean neutrophil–leucocyte ratio was obtained as 0.84, and using the Chi-square test was found to be statistically significant in comparing relation between the ratio and bowel non-viability. The mean neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio was obtained as 11.1, and using the Chi-square test, there is a statistically significant relation between the ratio and bowel non-viability.

Conclusion:
Neutrophil–leucocyte ratio can be used as a predictive marker for early detection of non-viability of bowel. There is a statistically significant relation between the ratio and bowel non-viability.
Prevalence of Multi-Organ Dysfunction Syndrome Amongst Patients with Acute Pancreatitis
Authors: Amma Preethi Thulasi Bhai , Nizarudeen A. 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Approximately 20% of patients with acute pancreatitis (AP) develop multi-organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). Factors which determine the severity of pancreatitis and the development of MODS are multiple and early identification may lower the morbidity and mortality. The Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) scoring system has been shown to measure disease severity. The objectives of this study were to estimate the prevalence of MODS amongst patients with AP and to assess the factors associated with it.

Methodology:
All selected consecutive cases were interviewed for relevant history. Physical examination was done, and blood samples were tested. The prevalence of MODS amongst the patients was assessed using the SOFA scoring system, and the proportion of organ involvement was assessed. Several physical and aetiological factors and laboratory parameters were compared in those with and without MODS. Values were analysed using Chi-square test in SPSS.

Results:
Out of the 238 patients included, 46 (19.3%) developed MODS. There were 217 males and 21 females. Using SOFA scoring system score MODS, the most commonly involved organs were the liver (26%) and kidney (18%). Majority of MODS patients were elderly (age > 40 years; P = 0.014) and male sex (P = 0.004). Smoking (P = 0.015), hypertriglyceridaemia (P = 0.001), pancreatic cancer (P = 0.019) and body mass index (BMI) (P = 0.006) had a statistically significant relation. Serum amylase and lipase, total leucocyte count, serum C-reactive protein (CRP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) also had statistically significant relation (P < 0.001). The mean serum amylase value in those with MODS was 4027.9U/L, serum lipase was 6168.9 IU/L, mean leucocyte count was 17,449.1 cells/mm3, serum CRP value was 5.7 mg/L, mean ESR was 36 mm/h and serum LDH was 600.7 IU.

Conclusions:
Pancreatic cancer and BMI had significant relation with MODS in AP. Biochemical markers such as serum amylase, Serum lipase, serum LDH, serum CRP, total leucocyte count and ESR had significant predictive value in detecting MODS in AP.
Open Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair – Case Experience in a Tertiary Care Centre
Authors: Chirayath Manu Jose , Soumya Soman M. K. , Ramachandran Sreekumar 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) mostly affects men than women.

Materials and Methods:
This paper attempts to study the clinical and demographic profile of patients undergoing open surgical AAA repair. This case series is based on five successfully surgically repaired open AAA at the department of general surgery of a tertiary hospital.

Results:
All cases were male patients. All cases became well after the surgery. The mean hospital stay was 8.2 days.

Conclusion:
The study identifies the importance of vascular surgery in the successful outcome of these patients.
LEVEL OF MOTIVATIONAL FACTORS OF ATHLETES IN RELATION TO THEIR SPORTS PARTICIPATION
Authors: Rosario Mark Anthony B. 
Published: August 2023

<p><strong>Purpose:</strong> This study aimed to measure the level of motivational factors of athletes in relation to their sports participation. The study reveals the highest and lowest motivational factors among athletes and the team that are perceived as most and least motivated. <strong>Methods and Materials:</strong> The study is quantitative in nature. A purposive sampling technique was chosen to get the sample from the population. The research sample consists of student-athletes from Far Eastern University. These student-athletes are enrolled in the academic year 2022-2023. The research is limited to seven (7) participating sports such as Athletics, Basketball, Cheering Squad, Dance Troupe, Table Tennis, Taekwondo, and Table Tennis. Each sport has seven (7) men and women, a total of ninety-eight (98) participants. The instrument used in this study is a standard questionnaire. The Sports Motivation Scale (SMS-28) of Pelletier et. al was used to measure the level of motivational factors of athletes in relation to their sports participation. The researcher used Weighted mean and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) in this study. <strong>Results: </strong>The study confirms that the level of motivational factors in the sports participation of athletes is high, with the supporting data of an overall mean of 3.32. The highest motivation factor is intrinsic motivation--to know, with an overall weighted mean of 3.79 and a verbal interpretation of extremely motivated, while the lowest factor is extrinsic motivation- external regulation with an overall weighted mean of 3.27 and a verbal interpretation of highly motivated. However, the researcher excludes amotivation in the choices since amotivation negatively impacts motivation. The athletics is the most motivated team, while the dance troupe is the least motivated team however these two teams have a verbal interpretation of highly motivated. The study also reveals that the alternative hypothesis should be rejected, and the null hypothesis should be accepted, Therefore, there are no significant differences in the motivational factors in sports participation of athletes.<strong> Conclusions:</strong> Since athletes have no significant differences in motivational factors and are perceived as high, there is good practice in learning new things and providing new experiences for athletes. Coaches need to always look for opportunities wherein their athletes learn best, and athletes need to maintain their extreme source of motivation. <strong></strong></p><p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/soc/0056/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>
CREATIVE CHARACTER DEVELOPMENT AND MANAGEMENT: INSIGHTS ON INNOVATION IMPROVEMENT IN COOPERATIVES
Authors: Witarsa Witarsa 
Published: August 2023

This study explores creative character development on cooperative managers and administrators and its role in fostering innovation within Pontianak cooperatives. Through a mixed methods approach, combining quantitative and qualitative techniques, data was gathered from 300 people serving in 18 cooperatives within Pontianak city. The findings revealed that internal factors, such as an individual's potential to be creative, as well as external factors from their organizations and the environment, influenced creativity development. Negative influences like conservatism were identified, while positive factors like motivation, intellect, and emotions facilitated creativity. Effectively managing these factors is vital for enhancing cooperative managers' and administrators' creativity, leading to improved management strategies and innovative solutions. This study could be of relevance to designers of training programs to foster innovation in cooperatives. Keywords: Creativity development; character; cooperatives management.
ENABLERS OF BANK CREDIT FLOW TO AGRO-PROCESSING SMEs: THE ROLE OF BANK CREDIT TRANSPARENCY IN TANZANIA
Authors: Justus Mwemezi  , Abdelhak Senadjki  , Lau Lin Sea  
Published: August 2023

This research aimed to determine how bank credit transparency increases the flow of loans by mediating the relationship between credit risk management and credit flow to agro-processing SMEs. Since previous studies favored demand-side transparency, this study aims to fill the research gap by investigating the supply side. Information was gathered using the survey method. 397 Tanzanian bank branches were approached and asked to complete the questionnaire. Partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was applied to analyze the data. The empirical data revealed that information asymmetry and credit risk management negatively influence bank loan flow. Institutional lending structures had a significantly positive effect on bank credit flow. Policymakers and practitioners can use the findings of this study to improve bank credit transparency to borrowers and for the sustainability of agro-processing SMEs.
Literature Review: Efek Farmakologi Asap Cair
Authors: Taufik Muhammad Ikhram , Zebua Nilsya Febrika 
Published: August 2023

Asap cair merupakan hasil kondensasi atau pengembunan dari uap hasil pembakaran yang diperoleh melalui proses pirolisis dari bahan yang mengandung komponen selulosa, senyawa asam, hemiselulosa dan lignin. Berbagai macam bahan baku telah digunakan untuk pembuatan asap cair antara lain batok kelapa, cangkang nipah, kulit kopi, cangkang kelapa sawit, batang bambu, kayu putih, daun sirih hijau, daun mangga kuweni dan berbagai bahan lainnya. Asap cair dari berbagai bahan tersebut dapat banyak dimanfaatkan dalam berbagai industri, salah satunya pada industri kesehatan. Asap cair mengandung senyawa fenol sebagai antimikroba dimana fenol akan berpenetrasi dengan mudah dan merusak isi sel sehingga pertumbuhan mikroba akan terhambat. Tujuan penulisan ini adalah untuk mengetahui efek farmakologi apa saja yang terdapat pada asap cair dari berbagai bahan baku.
FORMULASI DAN UJI AKTIFITAS EDIBLE FILM MINYAK ATSIRI KULIT BUAH JERUK PURUT (Citrus hystrix DC.)
Authors: Ningsih Wida , Arel Afdhil 
Published: August 2023

Kulit jeruk purut mempunyai aktifitas antibakteri karena mengangdung minyak atsiri berupa sitronelal yang dapat merusak dinding sel dan menghambat serta membunuh bakteri. Penelitian ini bertujuan membuat edible film dengan minyak atsiri kulit jeruk purut untuk mengatasi bau mulut yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Sterptococcus mutans dengan variasi konsentrasi 4%, 6% dan 8%. Edible film yang diperoleh dilakukan uji sifat fisik dan aktifitas antibakteri dengan metode difusi agar. Hasil uji sifat fisik edible film menunjukan hasil yang hampir sama dengan edible film yang ada dipasaran meliputi uji organoleptis, kerapuhan, susut pengeringan, pH ketebalan dan uji daya mengembang. Pengujian aktifitas antibakteri edible film menunjukan daerah bening pada 4% sebesar 8,00 mm, 6% sebesar 8,06 mm dan 8% sebesar 8,73mm yang termasuk kategori sedang pada respon hambatan pertumbuhan bakteri.
FORMULASI DAN EVALUASI SEDIAAN EMULGEL EKSTRAK ETANOL DARI SERAI (Cymbopogon citratus) TERHADAP BAKTERI Propionibacterium acne
Authors: Chandra Putra , Shufyani Fahma , Athaillah Athaillah , Ginting Ovalina Sylvia Br. , Nasution Mustaqim 
Published: August 2023

Serai (Cymbopogon citratus) mengandung Alkaloid, Flavonoid, dan beberapa monoterpene. Zat-zat ini berfungsi sebagai antiprotozoal, anti-inflamatori, antimikrobial, antibakterial, anti-diabetik, antikolinesterase, molluscidal, dan antifungal. Propionibacterium acnes merupakan bakteri gram positif berbentuk batang dan merupakan flora normal kulit yang ikut berperan dalam pembentukan jerawat, Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui efektivitas antibakteri emulgel ekstrak serai (Cymbopogon Citratus.) pada semua konsentrasi yang dapat memberikan efek sebagai antibakteri serta membandingkan efektivitasnya dengan Veril Gel. Jenis penelitian ini dilakukan secara eksperimental terdiri dari penyiapan sampel, identifikasi sampel, pembuatan ekstrak serai, skrining fitokimia, Formulasi sediaan emugel F0 : basis emulgel, F1(1%), F2(3%) dan F3(5%), evaluasi terhadap sediaan emulgel meliputi uji organoleptis, uji homogenitas, uji pH, uji cycling test, uji tipe emulsi serta uji aktivitas efek antibakteri, penelitian dilakukan di Lab Mikrobiologi Farmasi Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Haji Smuatera Utara Hasil ekstrak serai diperoleh rendemen ekstrak sebesar 13%. Hasil uji skrining fitokimia terhadap flavonoid, saponin, terpenoid, tanin adalah positif, dan alkaloid negatif. Hasil Evaluasi sediaan emulgel diperoleh hasil untuk uji organoleptis Emulgel F0,F1,F2,F3 memiliki bentuk setengah padat, F0 memiliki warna putih susu, F1 memiliki warna putih kecoklatan, F2,F3 memiliki warna coklat, F0 memiliki bau tween 80, dan F1,F2,F3 memiliki bau khas ekstrak serai. Hasil uji homogenitas emulgel F0,F1,F2 dan F3 adalah homogen. Hasil uji pH memiliki pH rata rata 5,6. Hasil uji cycling test sediaan emulgel tidak memisah. Hasil uji tipe emulsi membentuk tipe emulsi M/A, dan hasil uji antibakteri pada sediaan emulgel F0,F1,F2,F3 tidak memiliki daya hambat. Sedangkan Veril gel sebagai kontrol (+) memiliki daya hambat sebesar 3,5mm Kesimpulan Emulgel ekstrak Serai (Cymbopogon citratus.) dapat diformulasikan kedalam bentuk sediaan emulgel yang memenuhi persyaratan dalam evaluasi sediaan. Akan tetapi uji daya hambat Pada Sediaan emulgel ekstrak etanol serai tidak memiliki daya hambat terhadap bakteri Propionibacterium acne. Hal yang menyebabkan tidak adanya daya hambat antibakteri pada sediaan emulgel yang telah diuji pada bakteri Propionibacterium acne hal ini dikarenakan rendahnya konsentrasi ekstrak serai yang diformulasikan kedalam sediaan emulgel sehingga tidak terdapatnya daya hambat.
ANÁLISE DO PERFIL E DA ADERÊNCIA DE GESTANTES AO PRÉ-NATAL EM UMA UNIDADE BÁSICA DE SAÚDE DE CASCAVEL NO ANO DE 2021
Authors: Rymsza Taciana , Vargas Florence Fantin de 
Published: August 2023

A gestação é um fenômeno fisiológico que acontece na maioria dos casos sem intercorrências, as quais são designadas gestações de risco habitual. Com o objetivo de realizar um acompanhamento longitudinal, a assistência pré-natal visa guiar uma boa evolução gestacional, preparar a gestante para o momento do nascimento e traçar um plano obstétrico continuado. O objetivo deste trabalho se resume a correlacionar o perfil das pacientes gestantes com a sua frequência de consultas de pré-natal, buscando quais fatores diminuem sua adesão ao programa de assistência, e posteriormente identificar quais grupos necessitam de mais atenção. Métodos: Os dados foram coletados através de análise individual de prontuários, selecionando os fatores idade, escolaridade, estado civil e número de gestações prévias para comparação com o número de consultas, posteriormente classificando como cobertura completa, parcial ou insuficiente de acordo com o número de consultas propostas pelo Ministério da Saúde. Resultados: Evidenciamos que o fator mais relevante para manutenção do acompanhamento pré-natal é a presença de um companheiro, uma rede de suporte e segurança. A baixa idade não se mostrou um fator que diminui a adesão, enquanto a baixa escolaridade demonstrou ser prejudicial. As gestantes que já possuíam 3 ou mais filhos se mostraram mais engajadas ao acompanhamento. Secundário à pesquisa, outro fator relevante citado em diversos trabalhos, além do manual do Ministério da Saúde, foi a boa relação com a equipe. O grupo que realizou o mínimo de 6 consultas de pré-natal na unidade corresponde a 79,31%. Mesmo que as demais tenham registro de busca ativa em prontuário, fica evidente a necessidade de investir em outros meios de aumentar a cobertura do serviço e ações direcionadas para as mulheres que são mais suscetíveis a realizarem a assistência de forma insuficiente.
EKSTERNAL RADYOTERAPİ ALAN LARİNKS KANSERLİ HASTANIN KOLCABA’NIN KONFOR KURAMI’NA GÖRE EVDE BAKIMININ PLANLANMASI: OLGU SUNUMU
Authors: TERZİ Handan , YEŞİLYURT Eylül 
Published: August 2023

Giriş: Konfor, baş-boyun kanserli hastaların öncelikli ihtiyaçlarından biridir.
Amaç: Bu olguda, eksternal radyoterapi alan larinks kanserli hastanın Kolcaba’nın Konfor Kuramı’na göre evde bakımının planlanması amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntem: Çalışmada evre 1-2 larinks kanseri tanısı nedeniyle eksternal radyoterapi alan 64 yaşındaki erkek hasta ele alınmıştır. Veriler ev ziyaretleri aracılığıyla yüz yüze görüşme ve gözlem yöntemleri ile toplanmıştır. Hastaya ilk ev ziyareti radyoterapinin 23. gününde yapılmıştır. Ev ziyaretleri, ilk ziyaretten sonra dört hafta daha sürdürülmüştür. Hastanın konfor gereksinimi, modelin dört boyutu çerçevesinde incelenmiştir. Planlanan evde bakımda yer alan hemşirelik tanıları NANDA-I sınıflandırma sistemi kullanılarak belirlenmiştir. Hastadan sözlü ve yazılı onamları alınmıştır.
Bulgular: Hastanın ev ortamında fiziksel konforunun arttırılmasına yönelik akut ağrı, yutmada bozulma, beslenmede dengesizlik, deri bütünlüğünde bozulma, uyku örüntüsünde bozulma, yorgunluk ve oral mukoz membranda bozulma riski; psiko-spritüal konforunun arttırılmasına yönelik ümitsizlik, dinsel kurallara uymada bozulma ve aile içi süreçlerde güçlendirilmeye hazır oluş; sosyokültürel konfor düzeyinin arttırılmasına yönelik sözel iletişimde bozulma ve çevresel konforunun sağlanmasına yönelik konforda güçlendirilmeye hazır oluş ve enfeksiyon riski tanıları ele alınmıştır.
Sonuç: Konfor Kuramı çerçevesinde ev ortamında verilen hemşirelik bakımının, hastanın konfor düzeyinin arttırılmasında etkili olduğu belirlenmiştir. Evde bakım hemşireliği rol ve fonksiyonları çerçevesinde Konfor Kuramı’na temellendirilerek yapılacak girişimlerin, erken evre baş-boyun kanserli hastaların iyilik halini ve fonksiyonelliğini olumlu etkileyeceği düşünülmektedir.
THE EFFECT OF PANDEMIC COURSE ON PHYSIOTHERAPISTS’ ATTITUDES TOWARDS PATIENTS WITH COVID-19: COMPARISON OF 2020 AND 2021 GRADUATES
Authors: TUNA Zeynep , GÜNGÖR Sedanur , CAN Aslı , FARZİNMOGHADDAM Fardad 
Published: August 2023

Aim: COVID-19 pandemic course has changed a lot since its beginning thanks to the increased knowledge and experience about the virus and widespread vaccination. It is unknown whether all these changes affect physiotherapists' attitudes toward patients with COVID-19. This study aims to evaluate the approach of physiotherapists who graduated in 2021 and compare their results with the results of physiotherapists who graduated in 2020 that have been obtained for our previous study.
Methods: Physiotherapists who graduated from x University in 2021 were invited to the study. Participants were sent a 7-item questionnaire assessing their approach to COVID-19 via Google Forms. The distribution of responses (%) of physiotherapists who graduated in 2021 to each item was compared with those from 2020 graduates recorded in our previous study.
Results: In the research conducted in 2020, 56 graduate physiotherapists answered the questionnaire. 65 of the physiotherapists who graduated in 2021 answered the questionnaire. The groups were similar in terms of age and gender (p>0,05). There was no significant difference between the two graduation years in terms of the distribution of responses given to each item (p>0,05).
Conclusion: This study showed no significant difference in the approaches of physiotherapists who graduated two years in a row during the pandemic process against COVID-19. The dramatic increase in knowledge, experience, and prevention methods about the disease did not make any sense in the attitudes of physiotherapists. Uncertain new variants of the virus, multiple systemic involvement, and long-term complications are thought to have affected this outcome.
Pendampingan Kegiatan Literasi dalam Upaya Meningkatkan Minat Baca Siswa pada Sekolah Menengah Pertama Negeri 2 Doko
Authors: Nahdiyah Umi , Zamroji Nanang , Fauzan Abd. Charis 
Published: August 2023

Di Indonesia, gerakan literasi telah diterapkan oleh pemerintah untuk mengatasi permasalahan minat baca siswa yang rendah, namun program literasi tidak keseluruhan bisa diterapkan sekolah. SMPN 2 Doko adalah satu sekolah negeri di Kecamatan Doko, Kabupaten Blitar yang belum bisa mengimplementasikan gerakan literasi sekolah dikarenakan terbatasnya sarana yang dimiliki, seperti kurangnya buku bacaan yang ada di perpustakaan dan kurangnya kesadaran siswa dalam belajar. Permasalahan lain adalah faktor ekonomi keluarga siswa yang rata-rata rendah sehingga berpengaruh terhadap minat baca siswa. Berdasarkan kondisi tersebut, maka keterampilan literasi pemula menjadi fokus dalam kegiatan literasi ini dengan literasi baca tulis. Kegiatan literasi dilaksanakan di perpustakaan dalam waktu 20 menit dengan membaca buku non-akademik dan oleh guru. Kegiatan berlangsung seminggu 1 kali pada siswa kelas 7. Pada kegiatan literasi ini, kepala sekolah menunjuk beberapa guru pendamping yang selalu mendampingi siswa-siswinya. Pendampingan kegiatan literasi mendapatkan penerimaan yang baik dari siswa-siswi SMPN 2 Doko, hal ini dapat ditinjau dari keaktifan hingga 85% dari siswa-siswi dalam mengisi jurnal kegiatan dan menyerahkannya kepada masing-masing guru pendamping.