bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Boys demonstrate greater knee frontal moments than girls during the impact phase of cutting maneuvers, despite age-related increases in girls
Authors: Ghasemi Mohammadhossein , Sigurðsson Haraldur Björn , Sveinsson Þórarinn , Briem Kristín 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury rate is low among children, but increases during adolescence, especially in girls. Increases in the knee valgus moment within 70 ms of contact with the ground (KFM0-70) may explain the sex-specific increase in the risk of ACL injury. The purpose of the study was to investigate sex-dependent changes in the KFM0-70 from pre-adolescence to adolescence during a cutting maneuver (CM).

Methods
Kinematic and kinetic data during the CM task, performed before and after physical exertion, were recorded using a motion capture system and a force plate. A total of 293 team handball and soccer players, aged 9–12 years, were recruited. A number of those who continued sports participation (n = 103) returned five years later to repeat the test procedure. Three mixed-model analysis of variance (ANOVA) for repeated measures tests were used to determine the effects of sex and age period on the KFM0-70 (1: with no adjustment, 2: adjusted for repeated measurements, and 3: additionally adjusted with hip and knee joint frontal plane kinematics).

Results
Boys had significantly higher KFM0-70 than girls at both age periods (p < 0.01 for all models). Girls, not boys, demonstrated significantly increased KFM0-70 from pre-adolescence to adolescence. Importantly, this was fully explained by kinematic variables.

Conclusion
Although the marked increase in KFM0-70 seen in girls may play a role in their risk of ACL rupture, the higher values demonstrated by boys during CM reflect the complexity of multifactorial biomechanical risk factor analysis. The role of kinematics in mediating the KFM0-70 provides means for modification of this risk factor, but as boys had higher joint moments, continued investigation into sex-dependent biomechanical risk factors is warranted.

Level of evidence
II.
Bridging astronomical, astrometric and geodetic scheduling for VGOS
Authors: Schartner Matthias , Collioud Arnaud , Charlot Patrick , Xu Ming Hui , Soja Benedikt 
Published: February 2023

AbstractVery Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) experiments are organized within the geodetic, astrometric and astronomical communities for different applications, requiring different observation strategies adopted in scheduling. Currently, the next-generation geodetic and astrometric VLBI Global Observing System (VGOS) is being established. Over the last years, evidence was presented that the delays introduced by the angular structure of the geodetic radio sources contribute significantly to the VGOS observable error budget. Consequently, correcting these structure delays through imaging will play an important part in the future, requiring a different scheduling approach. Within this work, a new source-centric VLBI scheduling approach is presented for improved imaging capabilities of geodetic observations. The algorithm is tested for a seven- and nine-station network and compared with classical geodetic schedules. Monte Carlo simulations are utilized to determine the expected geodetic and astrometric parameter precision, and two independent processing pipelines are used to assess the potential for astronomical source imaging. Based on the simulation results, it is revealed that with the new scheduling approach twice as many sources can be properly imaged. Furthermore, the precision of the Earth orientation parameter estimates is improved on average by $${15}{\%}$$

15
%

, while the source position coordinate estimates are on average improved by $${50}{\%}$$

50
%

. Tests with two VGOS networks of twelve and 29 antennas further reveal that the scheduling approach is also applicable to future VGOS networks.
Does formative assessment help students to acquire prescribing skills?
Authors: Kalfsvel L. S. , Peeters L. E. J. , Hoek K. , Bethlehem C. , van der Sijs I. H. , van der Kuy P. H. M. , van den Broek W. W. , Versmissen J. , van Rosse F. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPurposeFormative assessments can help motivate students and ease students’ learning through feedback. There is a pressing need for improvement of clinical pharmacotherapy (CPT) education since junior doctors make many prescribing errors. The aim of this study was to determine whether a formative assessment with personalized narrative feedback helps medical students to increase their prescribing skills.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study was conducted among masters’ medical students at Erasmus Medical Centre, The Netherlands. Students made a formative and a summative skill-based prescription assessment, both during clerkships as part of their regular curriculum. Errors in both assessments were categorized by type and possible consequence and compared with each other.ResultsA total of 388 students made 1964 errors in the formative assessment and 1016 in the summative assessment. Most improvements after the formative assessment were seen for mentioning the weight of a child on the prescription (n = 242, 19%). Most new and repeated errors in the summative assessment were missing usage instructions (n = 82, 16% andn = 121, 41%).ConclusionsThis formative assessment with personalized and individual narrative feedback has helped students to increase the technical correctness of their prescriptions. However, errors repeated after the feedback were predominantly errors showing that only one formative assessment has not yet enhanced the clinical prescribing enough.
Host Species and Environment Shape the Gut Microbiota of Cohabiting Marine Bivalves
Authors: Akter Shirin , Wos-Oxley Melissa L , Catalano Sarah R , Hassan Md Mahbubul , Li Xiaoxu , Qin Jian G , Oxley Andrew PA 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas) and Mediterranean mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) are commercially important marine bivalves that frequently coexist and have overlapping feeding ecologies. Like other invertebrates, their gut microbiota is thought to play an important role in supporting their health and nutrition. Yet, little is known regarding the role of the host and environment in driving these communities. Here, bacterial assemblages were surveyed from seawater and gut aspirates of farmed C. gigas and co-occurring wild M. galloprovincialis in summer and winter using Illumina 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Unlike seawater, which was dominated by Pseudomonadata, bivalve samples largely consisted of Mycoplasmatota (Mollicutes) and accounted for >50% of the total OTU abundance. Despite large numbers of common (core) bacterial taxa, bivalve-specific species (OTUs) were also evident and predominantly associated with Mycoplasmataceae (notably Mycoplasma). An increase in diversity (though with varied taxonomic evenness) was observed in winter for both bivalves and was associated with changes in the abundance of core and bivalve-specific taxa, including several representing host-associated and environmental (free-living or particle-diet associated) organisms. Our findings highlight the contribution of the environment and the host in defining the composition of the gut microbiota in cohabiting, intergeneric bivalve populations.
Species-specific effects of the introduction of Aspergillus nidulans gfdB in osmophilic aspergilli
Authors: Bodnár Veronika , Király Anita , Orosz Erzsébet , Miskei Márton , Emri Tamás , Karányi Zsolt , Leiter Éva , de Vries Ronald P. , Pócsi István 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Industrial fungi need a strong environmental stress tolerance to ensure acceptable efficiency and yields. Previous studies shed light on the important role that Aspergillus nidulans gfdB, putatively encoding a NAD+-dependent glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, plays in the oxidative and cell wall integrity stress tolerance of this filamentous fungus model organism. The insertion of A. nidulans gfdB into the genome of Aspergillus glaucus strengthened the environmental stress tolerance of this xerophilic/osmophilic fungus, which may facilitate the involvement of this fungus in various industrial and environmental biotechnological processes. On the other hand, the transfer of A. nidulans gfdB to Aspergillus wentii, another promising industrial xerophilic/osmophilic fungus, resulted only in minor and sporadic improvement in environmental stress tolerance and meanwhile partially reversed osmophily. Because A. glaucus and A. wentii are phylogenetically closely related species and both fungi lack a gfdB ortholog, these results warn us that any disturbance of the stress response system of the aspergilli may elicit rather complex and even unforeseeable, species-specific physiological changes. This should be taken into consideration in any future targeted industrial strain development projects aiming at the fortification of the general stress tolerance of these fungi.

Key points
• A. wentii c’ gfdB strains showed minor and sporadic stress tolerance phenotypes.
• The osmophily of A. wentii significantly decreased in the c’ gfdB strains.
• Insertion of gfdB caused species-specific phenotypes in A. wentii and A. glaucus.
A cycle-consistent adversarial network for brain PET partial volume correction without prior anatomical information
Authors: Sanaat Amirhossein , Shooli Hossein , Böhringer Andrew Stephen , Sadeghi Maryam , Shiri Isaac , Salimi Yazdan , Ginovart Nathalie , Garibotto Valentina , Arabi Hossein , Zaidi Habib 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Partial volume effect (PVE) is a consequence of the limited spatial resolution of PET scanners. PVE can cause the intensity values of a particular voxel to be underestimated or overestimated due to the effect of surrounding tracer uptake. We propose a novel partial volume correction (PVC) technique to overcome the adverse effects of PVE on PET images.

Methods
Two hundred and twelve clinical brain PET scans, including 50 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG), 50 18F-Flortaucipir, 36 18F-Flutemetamol, and 76 18F-FluoroDOPA, and their corresponding T1-weighted MR images were enrolled in this study. The Iterative Yang technique was used for PVC as a reference or surrogate of the ground truth for evaluation. A cycle-consistent adversarial network (CycleGAN) was trained to directly map non-PVC PET images to PVC PET images. Quantitative analysis using various metrics, including structural similarity index (SSIM), root mean squared error (RMSE), and peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), was performed. Furthermore, voxel-wise and region-wise-based correlations of activity concentration between the predicted and reference images were evaluated through joint histogram and Bland and Altman analysis. In addition, radiomic analysis was performed by calculating 20 radiomic features within 83 brain regions. Finally, a voxel-wise two-sample t-test was used to compare the predicted PVC PET images with reference PVC images for each radiotracer.

Results
The Bland and Altman analysis showed the largest and smallest variance for 18F-FDG (95% CI: − 0.29, + 0.33 SUV, mean = 0.02 SUV) and 18F-Flutemetamol (95% CI: − 0.26, + 0.24 SUV, mean =  − 0.01 SUV), respectively. The PSNR was lowest (29.64 ± 1.13 dB) for 18F-FDG and highest (36.01 ± 3.26 dB) for 18F-Flutemetamol. The smallest and largest SSIM were achieved for 18F-FDG (0.93 ± 0.01) and 18F-Flutemetamol (0.97 ± 0.01), respectively. The average relative error for the kurtosis radiomic feature was 3.32%, 9.39%, 4.17%, and 4.55%, while it was 4.74%, 8.80%, 7.27%, and 6.81% for NGLDM_contrast feature for 18F-Flutemetamol, 18F-FluoroDOPA, 18F-FDG, and 18F-Flortaucipir, respectively.

Conclusion
An end-to-end CycleGAN PVC method was developed and evaluated. Our model generates PVC images from the original non-PVC PET images without requiring additional anatomical information, such as MRI or CT. Our model eliminates the need for accurate registration or segmentation or PET scanner system response characterization. In addition, no assumptions regarding anatomical structure size, homogeneity, boundary, or background level are required.
Self-powered visible transparent $$\mathrm{Cu}/{\mathrm{Zn}}_{\left(1-x\right)}{\mathrm{Sn}}_{\left(x\right)}\mathrm{O}$$ Schottky-based ultraviolet photosensors fabricated via DC magnetron sputtering
Authors: Bhat Prashant , Salunkhe Parashuram , Kekuda Dhananjaya 
Published: February 2023

AbstractVisible transparent $$\mathrm{Cu}/\mathrm{n}-\mathrm{ZnO}$$

Cu
/
n
-
ZnO

and $$\mathrm{Cu}/{\mathrm{Zn}}_{\left(1-x\right)}{\mathrm{Sn}}_{\left(x\right)}O\left(x=0.14\right) \mathrm{TZO},$$

Cu
/

Zn

1
-
x

Sn

x

O

x
=
0.14

TZO
,

Schottky junctions were successfully fabricated on ITO-coated glass substrates via direct current magnetron reactive sputtering method. The structural, morphological, optical, and electrical properties were thoroughly investigated. The polycrystalline nature of the samples was confirmed by XRD studies. FESEM images validate the changes in surface morphology after doping and annealing, and AFM analysis confirmed the variation in surface roughness. The electrical analysis reveals the presence of a Schottky barrier in the fabricated devices. In dark condition, three-order rectification ratio was observed. A two-order increase in leakage current was also observed after illuminating 365 nm UV light of power 60 µW/cm2. The figures of merits of sensors, such as responsivity, detectivity, response speed, and linear dynamic range, were thoroughly investigated. The fabricated sensor had a responsivity of about 07.80 mA/W and a detectivity of 1.39 × 1011 Jones. At zero bias, the sensor also demonstrated a transient photocurrent response of approximately 783 ms for rise and 876 ms for fall. Similarly, 33.70 dB of linear dynamic range was observed. These findings suggests that Cu/TZO Schottky diodes could be useful for self-powered, visible transparent UV photosensors in next-generation optoelectronic devices.
Co-infections of respiratory pathogens and gastrointestinal parasites in smallholder pig production systems in Uganda
Authors: Oba Peter , Wieland Barbara , Mwiine Frank N. , Erume Joseph , Dione Michel M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA cross-sectional study was conducted to identify factors for infections of pigs with key respiratory pathogens: porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PPRSv), Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (M. hyo), Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (App), and gastrointestinal (GI) parasites in Uganda. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data on management practices associated with infections. Ninety (90) farms and 259 pigs were sampled. Sera were screened against 4 pathogens using commercial ELISA tests. The Baerman’s method was used to identify parasite species in faecal samples. Logistic regression was done to identify risk factors for infections. Results showed individual animal seroprevalence of PCV2 was 6.9% (95% CI 3.7–11.1), PRRSv 13.8% (95% CI 8.8–19.6), M. hyo 6.4% (95% CI 3.5–10.5), and App 30.4% (95% CI 24.8–36.5). The prevalence of Ascaris spp. was 12.7% (95% CI 8.6–16.8), Strongyles spp was 16.2% (95% CI 11.7–20.7), and Eimeria spp. was 56.4% (95% CI 50.3–62.4). Pigs infested with Ascaris spp. were more likely to test positive to PCV2, odds ratio (OR) 1.86 (CI 1.31–2.60; p = 0.0002). For M. hyo, infection with Strongyles spp. was a risk factor (OR 12.9, p < 0.001). Pigs that had Strongyles and Ascaris spp. Infections (ORs 3.5 and 3.4, p < 0.001 respectively) were likely to have co-infections. The model showed that use of cement, elevated floor, and limiting contacts with outside pigs were protective while using mud and helminth infestations increased risks of co-infections. This study provided evidence that improved housing and biosecurity are critical in reducing pathogen incidence in herds.
Sanctioned Quotas Versus Information Provisioning for Community Wildlife Conservation in Zimbabwe: A Framed Field Experiment Approach
Authors: Ntuli Herbert , Crépin Anne-Sophie , Schill Caroline , Muchapondwa Edwin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe investigate the behavioural responses of natural common-pool resource users to three policy interventions—sanctioned quotas, information provisioning, and a combination of both. We focus on situations in which users find utility in multiple resources (pastures and wild animal stocks) that all stem from the same ecosystem with complex dynamics, and management could trigger a regime shift, drastically altering resource regrowth. We performed a framed field experiment with 384 villagers from communities managing common-pool wildlife in Zimbabwe. We find that user groups are likely to manage these natural resources more efficiently when facing a policy intervention (either a sanctioned quota, receiving information about a drastic drop in the stocks’ regrowth below a threshold, or a combination of both), compared to groups facing no intervention. A sanctioned quota is likely to perform better than providing information about the existence of a threshold. However, having information about the threshold also leads to higher efficiency and fewer depletion cases, compared to a situation without any intervention. The main contribution of this study is to provide insights that can inform policymakers and development practitioners about the performance of concrete and feasible policy interventions for community wildlife conservation in Southern Africa.
The wound healing effect of botanicals and pure natural substances used in in vivo models
Authors: El-Sherbeni S. A. , Negm W. A. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractRepairing the wound is a multistep process that includes the spatial and temporal synchronization of a different range of cell types to increase the speed of wound contraction, the proliferation of epithelial cells, and collagen formation. The need for proper management of acute wounds to be cured and not turned into chronic wounds is a significant clinical challenge. The traditional practice of medicinal plants in many regions of the world has been used in wound healing since ancient times. Recent scientific research introduced evidence of the efficacy of medicinal plants, their phyto-components, and the mechanisms underlying their wound-repairing activity. This review aims to briefly highlight the wound-curing effect of different plant extracts and purely natural substances in excision, incision, and burn experimental animal models with or without infection of mice, rats (diabetic and nondiabetic), and rabbits in the last 5 years. The in vivo studies represented reliable evidence of how powerful natural products are in healing wounds properly. They have good scavenging activity against Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effects that help in the process of wound healing. It is evident that incorporating bioactive natural products into wound dressings of bio- or synthetic polymers in nanofiber, hydrogel, film, scaffold, and sponge forms showed promising results in different phases of the wound-curing process of haemostasis, inflammation, growth, re-epithelialization, and remodelling.
Redox-responsive degradable microgel modified with superparamagnetic nanoparticles exhibiting controlled, hyperthermia-enhanced drug release
Authors: Dagdelen Serife , Mackiewicz Marcin , Osial Magdalena , Waleka-Bargiel Ewelina , Romanski Jan , Krysinski Pawel , Karbarz Marcin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA novel degradable microgel based on poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (pNIPA) cross-linked with N,N’-bisacryloylcystine (BISS) and containing superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION@CA) was synthesized by semi-batch precipitation polymerization and examined as a potential hyperthermia-enhanced drug carrier. The pNIPA provided the microgel with temperature sensitivity, the BISS was responsible for degradation in the presence of glutathione (GSH) (an –S–S–bond reductor naturally present in cells), while the SPION@CA permitted remote control of temperature to improve drug release. The microgels exhibited volume phase transition temperature at ca. 34 °C, which is near the human body temperature, and were stable across a wide range of temperatures and ionic strengths, as well as in the blood plasma at 37 °C. It was found that the presence of SPION@CA in the polymer network of the microgels enabled the temperature to be increased up to 42 °C by an alternating magnetic field, and that increasing the temperature from 37 to 42 °C significantly enhanced the releasing of the anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX). The highest DOX release (82%) was observed at pH 5, 42 °C, and in the presence of GSH, and the lowest (20%) at pH 7.4, 37 °C, and in the absence of GSH. MTT assay indicated that compared to free doxorubicin, the microgel particles loaded with doxorubicin have comparable cytotoxicity against MCF-7 cancer cells while being significantly less toxic to MCF-10A healthy cells.
Graphical abstract
Analytical Solutions of the Molecular Kratzer-Feus potential by means of the Nikiforov-Uvarov Method
Authors: Doma S. B. , Gohar A. A. , Younes M. S. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe analytical methods for solving Schrödinger equation are essential and effective tools with which we can investigate the spectroscopic properties, the electronic structure, and the energetic properties of the diatomic molecules (DMs). Accordingly, in this work, we used the Nikiforov-Uvarov (NU) method to solve the three-dimensional nonrelativistic Schrödinger equation with the molecular Kratzer-Feus (KF) potential and obtain the exact analytical bound state energy eigenvalues as well as their corresponding normalized eigenfunctions. The effective KF diatomic molecular potential well is investigated and represented graphically for several well-known DMs. The bound state energy levels are tabulated numerically for arbitrary values of the vibrational and rotational quantum numbers. The results obtained in this work are found to be in excellent agreement with the already-existing results in the literature.