bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Direct C(sp2)–H Borylation of Arenes Using Ir-bpy Porous Organic Polymers
Authors: Bennedsen Niklas R. , Yang Faliu , Goodarzi Farnoosh , Kramer Søren , Kegnæs Søren 
Published: May 2023

AbstractOrganoboron compounds are important building blocks in organic chemistry for a variety of key transformations in the production of compounds in the pharmaceutical and agricultural industries. Direct C–H borylation provides many advantages over more traditional transformation via halide groups that lead to stoichiometric waste. In the direct C(sp2)–H borylation of arenes, Ir-bipyridine systems have shown excellent performance. However, to make the formation of borylated products more benign and greener, transformations catalyzed by heterogeneous catalysts are appealing as they provide easier recovery and reuse of the catalyst. In this study, two different porous organic polymers (POPs) based on polystyrene-bearing bipyridine (bpy) ligands were synthesized. These POPs can, upon metal ligation in situ create an active catalyst that is capable of borylation twice per B2pin2 molecule. Our Ir systems were tested with different arenes, and a preliminary mechanistic investigation was performed. The system was recyclable for up to three consecutive recycles, albeit, the polymer backbone had indications of being borylated during the reaction.
Current and Developing Lymphatic Imaging Approaches for Elucidation of Functional Mechanisms and Disease Progression
Authors: Aron Arjun , Zavaleta Cristina 
Published: May 2023

AbstractStudy of the lymphatic system, compared to that of the other body systems, has been historically neglected. While scientists and clinicians have, in recent decades, gained a better appreciation of the functionality of the lymphatics as well as their role in associated diseases (and consequently investigated these topics further in their experimental work), there is still much left to be understood of the lymphatic system. In this review article, we discuss the role lymphatic imaging techniques have played in this recent series of advancements and how new imaging techniques can help bolster this wave of discovery. We specifically highlight the use of lymphatic imaging techniques in understanding the fundamental anatomy and physiology of the lymphatic system; investigating the development of lymphatic vasculature (using techniques such as intravital microscopy); diagnosing, staging, and treating lymphedema and cancer; and its role in other disease states.
Critical Incidents in Police Work: What Incidents Stay with Danish Police Officers?
Authors: Møller Sara Rosenbeck , Hansen Anna Sofie Feilberg , Pihl-Thingvad Jesper , Elklit Ask , Hansen Nina Beck 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPolice officers are frequently exposed to critical and potentially traumatic incidents in their work. Exposure to critical incidents (CI) in policing is associated with an increased risk of developing mental health problems, in particular post-traumatic stress disorder. However, the definitions and understandings of police-specific CI vary extensively. The present qualitative study aimed to enhance our understanding of the core characteristics of work-related CI that are perceived as most burdensome among Danish police officers. Using content analysis, this study coded 2960 descriptions of work-related incidents that still cause emotional reactions among 1659 Danish police officers. The content analysis resulted in the development of three main categories of CI (danger or threat, accidents, and deaths and distressing crimes) which could be conceptualized in a diversity of 28 CI categories. Hereof, the main part consisted of common and more routine police tasks of a tragic or distressing nature, e.g., traffic accidents, handling cases of severe violence, suicide, homicide, child neglect and abuse, and making death notifications. Compared to a similar Danish study conducted three decades ago, the experiences of CI appear to have a continuing and general quality over time. The CI categories are further comparable to police-specific trauma event categories identified in other countries. The findings highlight the importance of recognizing routine police assignments as potentially distressing and emotionally burdensome, and they underline the importance of focusing prevention initiatives on the accumulation of psychological strain in police work due to various CI experienced over time.
Premature burial
Authors: Byard Roger W. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe fear of being buried alive or taphophobia remains a significant concern for a number of individuals. In previous centuries however, reports of live burials were frequently promulgated in the media fostering an industry focused around the manufacturing and selling of security coffins which either facilitated egress or enabled the recently buried to alert those on the surface to their plight. Holding mortuaries with resuscitation facilities were also established mainly in Continental Europe to permit close observation of the recently deceased until definitive signs of putrefaction had developed. Underpinning much of this panic was the inability of medical practitioners to definitely diagnose death. Although still a rare possibility, mainly in situations where qualified medical personnel are not available, the likelihood of alive burial is nowadays fortunately rare.
On plane conic arrangements with $$A_{5}$$ and $$A_{7}$$ singularities
Authors: Zieliński Marcin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn the present note we provide combinatorial constraints on certain conic arrangements in the plane admitting $$A_{5}$$

A
5

and $$A_{7}$$

A
7

singularities. As a corollary, we provide upper bounds on the number of $$A_{5}$$

A
5

and $$A_{7}$$

A
7

singularities for such arrangements.
Paleoenvironmental contribution and visual kerogen assessment of some Upper Cretaceous sediments from southern Egypt
Authors: Mahmoud Magdy Salah , Khalaf Miran Mostafa 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe investigated the palynological organic matter (POM) recovered from shale horizons, intercalating the Nubian-type sandstones in middle Egypt, for paleoenvironmental reconstruction. Our palynofacies are dominated by either amorphous organic matter (AOM) or phytoclasts whereas palynomorphs are relatively rare, but not uncommon. The palynofacies categories revealed two different palynofacies types, reflecting estuarine/tidal and fluvio-lacustrine environments for the Maghrabi and the basal Quseir formations, respectively. The kerogen composition of our investigated material and the colors of the thin-walled spores suggest possible sources of hydrocarbons, which are poorly explored in the middle and southern areas of Egypt. Our findings confirmed the previously described marine origin of the Maghrabi Formation. The complete missing of any marine palynomorphs suggests that the basal sediments of the Quseir Formation are almost exclusively of terrestrial origin. This may reveal that the worldwide Late Cretaceous transgression was not effective during deposition of these basal clastics.
Mechanism of clay swelling in Villarlod molasse: a Swiss sandstone
Authors: Wangler Timothy 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe characterization of swelling clays is important for diverse fields, including the field of conservation of built cultural heritage. Villarlod molasse, a building stone utilized frequently across Switzerland, is known to be damaged by swelling clays embedded in its matrix. In this study, the mechanism of how the clays lead to swelling in the stone itself is examined, and similar to previous studies, crystalline swelling is noted as the most likely source. A scaling factor linking X-ray diffraction (XRD) and dilatometric swelling experiments is calculated, and evidence for the existence of an initial monolayer of moisture in the embedded clays at ambient relative humidities is presented. A qualitative micromechanical model describing how the nonswelling stone matrix exerts a pressure on the clay layers, affecting their swelling behavior, is presented.
Sea-level change and human occupation over 6000 years on Areoso Island (Ría de Arousa, NW Iberian Peninsula)
Authors: Cajade-Pascual Daniel , Costa-Casais Manuela , Blanco-Chao Ramón , Taboada Rodríguez Teresa 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCoastal areas are extremely sensitive to variations in environmental conditions. The interaction of marine and continental processes causes a high degree of dynamism, generating depositional formations of great value for palaeoenvironmental reconstruction. This paper focuses on two pedostratigraphic deposits located under the current beach, in close proximity to archaeological tumuli located on Areoso Island (Ría de Arousa, NW Iberian Peninsula). Employing a geoarchaeological approach, sea-level rise, environmental conditions and human occupation over a 6000-year period are interpreted. The results of granulometric and mineralogical data, elemental composition and stratigraphic features, help to identify three successive environments: continental (rock weathering, soil formation and erosion); a transition to a coastal environment; and the establishment of full coastal conditions. The geomorphological evolution of the last 6.0 kyr BP has been controlled by climate, sea-level rise and human activity. The continental facies shows evidence of low sea-level up to 4.8 kyr BP and the first evidence of coastal processes after 3.2 kyr BP. These pedostratigraphic deposits located in an open coastal system improve the Holocene sea-level rise curve in the NW Iberian Peninsula and help to understand the context in which the most important archaeological structures on the island (the tumuli) began to be eroded.
A Critical Review of the Monitor and Acceptance Theory of Mindfulness
Authors: Simione Luca , Saldarini Francesco 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn 2017, Lindsay and Creswell proposed the Monitor and Acceptance Theory (MAT) of mindfulness, which proposed a unified and testable framework for interpreting and predicting different mindfulness effects on attention, affective reactivity, emotion regulation, and health-related variables. MAT identifies two basic mindfulness skills: attention monitoring and acceptance. The theory is articulated in two main tenets, affirming that attention monitoring increases present-moment awareness and emotional reactivity (Tenet #1) while acceptance regulates the affective experience (Tenet #2). Therefore, MAT proposes that monitoring per se could also have a negative psychological outcome, while it should lead to positive outcomes when combined with acceptance. Even though MAT is founded on a reasonable basis and is apparently supported by the existing literature, we identify four main issues in the literature cited in support of MAT. In particular, the main issues regard the way in which MAT skills were defined and measured (Issue #1), the inconsistent effect of monitoring alone on emotional reactivity (Issue #2), the inconsistent moderation effect of acceptance on monitoring in determining (positive) health-related outcomes (Issue #3), and the current absence of substantial testing on MAT Tenet 2, considering the effect of acceptance alone on mindfulness interventions (Issue #4). In this manuscript, we review the main contributions to each of these points and show a number of results that do not support MAT or contrast its tenets. In particular, we focus on the recent intervention studies aiming at dismantling the effect of mindfulness on mental health. After a close analysis, we concluded that they failed in testing the MAT tenets and thus provide only insubstantial or incomplete evidence in favor of or against MAT. While we support the aim of MAT theory and its tentative systematization of the vast literature on mindfulness, we would like to highlight its weak or controversial points so to further promote its development and testing with more compelling methods.
Streamflow prediction using a hybrid methodology based on variational mode decomposition (VMD) and machine learning approaches
Authors: Ahmadi Farshad , Tohidi Mansour , Sadrianzade Meysam 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe optimal management of water resources depends on accurate and reliable streamflow prediction. Therefore, researchers have become interested in the development of hybrid approaches in recent years to enhance the performance of modeling techniques for predicting hydrological variables. In this study, hybrid models based on variational mode decomposition (VMD) and machine learning models such as random forest (RF) and K-star algorithm (KS) were developed to improve the accuracy of streamflow forecasting. The monthly data obtained between 1956 and 2017 at the Iranian Bibijan Abad station on the Zohreh River were used for this purpose. The streamflow data were initially decomposed into intrinsic modes functions (IMFs) using the VMD approach up to level eight to develop the hybrid models. The following step models the IMFs obtained by the VMD approach using the RF and KS methods. The ensemble forecasting result is then accomplished by adding the IMFs’ forecasting outputs. Other hybrid models, such as EDM-RF, EMD-KS, CEEMD-RF, and CEEMD-KS, were also developed in this research in order to assess the performance of VMD-RF and VMD-KS hybrid models. The findings demonstrated that data preprocessing enhanced standalone models’ performance, and those hybrid models developed based on VMD performed best in terms of increasing the accuracy of monthly streamflow predictions. The VMD-RF model is proposed as a superior method based on root mean square error (RMSE = 13.79), mean absolute error (MAE = 8.35), and Kling–Gupta (KGE = 0.89) indices.
DNA methylome profiling of blood to identify individuals in a pair of monozygotic twins
Authors: Kim Jae-Yoon , Lee Hwan Young , Lee So-Yeon , Kim Seon-Young , Park Jong-Lyul , Lee Soong Deok 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Short tandem repeat (STR) markers cannot be used to distinguish between genetically identical monozygotic (MZ) twins, causing problems in a case with an MZ twin as a suspect. Many studies have shown that in older MZ twins, there are significant differences in overall content and genomic distribution of methylation.

Objective
In this study, we analyzed the DNA methylome profile of blood to identify recurrent differentially methylated CpG sites (DMCs) to discriminate between MZ twins.

Methods
Blood samples were collected from 47 paired MZ twins. We performed the DNA methylation profiling using the HumanMethylation EPIC BeadChip platform and identified recurrent DMCs between MZ twins. Then, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), Gene Ontology (GO), and motif enrichment analyses were performed to reveal the biological functions of recurrent DMCs. We collected DNA methylome data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) public database to verify the recurrent DMCs between MZ twins.

Results
We identified recurrent DMCs between MZ twin samples and observed that they were enriched in immune-related genes. In addition, we verified our DMCs in a public dataset.

Conclusion
Our results suggest that the methylation level at recurrent DMCs between MZ twins may serve as a valuable biomarker for identification of individuals in a pair of MZ twins.
A domain semantics-enhanced relation extraction model for identifying the railway safety risk
Authors: Wang Youwei , Zhu Chengying , Guo Qiang , Ye Yangdong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe identification of railway safety risk is important in ensuring continuous and stable railway operations. Most works fail to consider the important relation between detected objects. In addition, poor domain semantics directly degrades the final performance due to difficulty in understanding railway text. To solve these challenging issues, we introduce the triple knowledge from knowledge graph to model the railway safety risk with the knowledge interconnection mode. Afterward, we recast the identification of railway safety risk as the relation extraction task, and propose a novel and effective Domain Semantics-Enhanced Relation Extraction (DSERE) model. Specifically, we design a domain semantics-enhanced transformer mechanism that automatically enhances the railway semantics from a dedicated railway lexicon. We further introduce piece-wise convolution neural networks to explore the fine-grained features contained in the structure of triple knowledge. With the domain semantics and fine-grained features, our model can fully understand the domain text and thus improve the performance of relation classification. Finally, the DSERE model is used to identify the railway safety risk of south zone of China Railway, and achieves 81.84% AUC and 76.00% F1 scores on the real-world dataset showing the superiority of our proposed model.
An introduction to the algebraic geometry of the Putman–Wieland conjecture
Authors: Landesman Aaron , Litt Daniel 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe give algebraic and geometric perspectives on our prior results toward the Putman–Wieland conjecture. This leads to interesting new constructions of families of “origami” curves whose Jacobians have high-dimensional isotrivial isogeny factors. We also explain how a hyperelliptic analogue of the Putman–Wieland conjecture fails, following work of Marković.
Magnetically activated 3D printable polylactic acid/polycaprolactone/magnetite composites for magnetic induction heating generation
Authors: Galarreta-Rodriguez Itziar , Lopez-Ortega Alberto , Garayo Eneko , Beato-López Juan Jesús , La Roca Paulo , Sanchez-Alarcos Vicente , Recarte Vicente , Gómez-Polo Cristina , Pérez-Landazábal Jose Ignacio 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAdditive manufacturing technology has attracted the attention of industrial and technological sectors due to the versatility of the design and the easy manufacture of structural and functional elements based on composite materials. The embedding of magnetic nanoparticles in the polymeric matrix enables the development of an easy manufacturing process of low-cost magnetically active novel polymeric composites. In this work, we report a series of magnetic composites prepared by solution casting method combining 5 to 60 wt.% of 140 $$\pm$$
±
50 nm commercial Fe3O4 nanoparticles, with a semi-crystalline, biocompatible, and biodegradable polymeric blend made of polylactic acid (PLA) and polycaprolactone (PCL). The composites were extruded, obtaining 1.5 $$\pm$$
±
0.2 mm diameter continuous and flexible filaments for fused deposition modelling 3D printing. The chemical, magnetic, and calorimetric properties of the obtained filaments were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, magnetometry, and scanning electron microscopy. Furthermore, taking advantage of the magnetic character of the filaments, their capability to generate heat under the application of low-frequency alternating magnetic fields (magnetic induction heating) was analyzed. The obtained results expose the versatility of these easy manufacturing and low-cost filaments, where selecting a desired composition, the heating capacity can be properly adjusted for those applications where magnetic induction plays a key role (i.e., magnetic hyperthermia, drug release, heterogeneous catalysis, water electrolysis, gas capture, or materials synthesis).
Graphical Abstract
This paper presents the manufacture of novel magnetically activated 3D printable filaments, low cost and easy to manufacture, whereby selecting the desired composition, the heating capacity (ρ) generated under the application of an alternating magnetic field (Happ) can be adjusted to the needs of the user.
Preventing the escalation of cyber conflicts: towards an approach to plausibly assure the non-involvement in a cyberattack
Authors: Reinhold Thomas , Reuter Christian 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWhile cyberspace has evolved into a commonly shared space vital to our individual lives and societies, malicious cyber activities by state actors as part of espionage operations, regarding defense strategies, or as part of traditional conflicts have strongly increased. In contrast, attributing the origin of such activities remains problematic. The ambiguity of digital data raises the problem of misinterpreting available information, increasing the risk of misinformed reactions and conflict escalation. In order to reduce this risk, this paper proposes a transparency system based on technologies which usually already exist for IT security measures that an accused actor in a specific incident can use to provide credible information which plausibly assures his non-involvement. The paper analyses the technical requirements, presents the technical concept and discusses the necessary adjustments to existing IT networks for its implementation. Intended as a measure for conflict de-escalation, the paper further discusses the limitations of this approach, especially with regard to technical limits as well as the political motivation and behavior of states.
Short-term efficacy analysis and comprehensive evaluation of laparoscopy for patients with rectal cancer-a prospective multi-center study
Authors: Zhao Zhixun , Guan Xu , Yu Guanyu , Feng Yi , Tang Qingchao , Liu Qian , Zheng Zhaoxu , Zhou Haitao , Liang Jianwei , Jiang Zheng , Liu Zheng , Lou Zheng , Chen Haipeng , Han Jiagang , Lu Yiping , Li Ang , Du Xiaohui , Shen Zhanlong , Lin Guole , Wang Guiyu , Jiang Bo , Zhang Wei , Wang Xishan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objective
To compare the short-term efficacy indicators of laparoscopic technique and open surgery in patients with rectal cancer surgery, and to further evaluate the safety and efficacy of laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery.

Methods
This study adopted a prospective multicenter, open-label, non-randomized concurrent control method to analyze patients who received rectal cancer surgery from 10 colorectal tumor centers across the country from January 2017 to December 2018. The two groups of patients received laparoscopic-assisted surgery and conventional open surgery respectively. All surgeons were selected according to relevant standards and participated in the two groups of operations at the same time. Comprehensive evaluation and analysis of the operation and postoperative recovery, postoperative pathological results, survival information, postoperative related functional scores and other indicators.

Results
In the open surgery group, the proportion of tumors with a maximum diameter of more than 5 cm was higher (χ2 = 0.089, P = 0.018), and the proportion of T4 was higher (χ2 = 0.478, P < 0.001). In the laparoscopic group, the proportion of more than 12 harvested lymph nodes was higher (χ2 = 0.248, P < 0.001). There were no significant differences in the length of postoperative hospital stay, intraoperative blood loss, time to first flatus after operation, time to first out of bed, time to first liquid diet, and preservation rate of anal sphincter between the two groups, but in the laparoscopic surgery group the operation time was shorter (t = 6.750, P < 0.001) and postoperative pain was less (t = 0.896, 0.63, 0.964, and 0.989 on postoperative days 1, 2, and 3, respectively, all P < 0.001). The incidence of grade 2–4 adverse complication in the two groups was 12.5% and 14.6%, respectively, with no statistical difference (χ2 = 0.061, P = 0.105), but the incidence of incision infection was lower in the laparoscopy group (χ2 = 0.19, P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in 3-year disease-free survival between the two groups (HR = 1.089, 95% CI = 0.962–1.232, P = 0.170). Multivariate analysis suggested that intraoperative blood loss, T stage, N stage, nerve invasion, and postoperative sepsis were independent prognostic factors for disease-free survival. Wexner score, IPSS score and LARS score were not statistically different between the two groups.

Conclusion
The pathological results and short-term outcomes of laparoscopic surgery for rectal cancer are comparable to those of conventional open surgery, and laparoscopic surgery is safe and feasible for rectal cancer patients.