bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Virtual Reality for Anxiety Reduction in Women Undergoing Colposcopy: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Hecken Julia M. , Halagiera Pia , Rehman Sadia , Tempfer Clemens B. , Rezniczek Günther A. 
Published: May 2023

Objective
To test whether headset-delivered virtual reality (VR) content affects satisfaction and/or anxiety in women with cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions undergoing colposcopy and colposcopically guided cervical biopsy.

Methods
In this single-center, randomized trial, the authors measured overall satisfaction (100-mm visual analog scale) and situation-specific anxiety (STAI-S) in 247 women with suspected cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions wearing either no VR headset (arm 1, control) or a VR headset before (arm 2) or before and during colposcopy (arm 3). Secondary endpoints were pain, discomfort, and anxiety during colposcopy, heart rate, and 72-hour follow-up parameters: overall satisfaction, bleeding severity, bleeding duration, pain, and use of analgesics. Analysis was by intention to treat.

Results
Median values for overall satisfaction were 100 (interquartile range, 90–100) in controls (n = 83), 100 (95–100) in arm 2 (n = 82), and 100 (95–100) in arm 3 (n = 82), respectively (p = .92). The median Δ of situational anxiety (baseline vs after colposcopy) was −8 (−13 to −3), −8 (−16.5 to −4), and −10 (−20.5 to −4.5), respectively (p = .09). The secondary endpoints pain during colposcopy (20 [10–50] vs 20 [10–40] vs 30 [10–50]; p = .65), discomfort during colposcopy (30 [10–50] vs 30 [10–50] vs 20 [10–50]; p = .46), and anxiety during colposcopy (20 [0–50] vs 10 [0–40] vs 10 [0–30]; p = .44), were not different between arms. Follow-up data showed no improvement in the 2 VR arms compared with controls (overall satisfaction, p = .37; bleeding severity, p = .09; pain level, p = .89; duration of pain; p = .23; and use of analgesics; p = .39). Per-protocol analysis did not change the results.

Conclusions
A VR headset showing a 360-degree surround vision film has no effect on satisfaction or anxiety in women undergoing colposcopy.
Coping With Pandemics
Authors: Espí Forcén Fernando , Freudenreich Oliver 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Throughout history, society has dealt with several devastating pandemics. Our objective is to analyze society's coping mechanisms to deal with pandemic-related stress in history congruent with the values of the time. For that purpose, we have carefully selected some of the most significant pandemics based on their impact and the available psychosocial literature. After a brief introduction, society's coping tools are reviewed and analyzed for the Antonine Plague, the second bubonic plague, the third cholera pandemic, the Spanish flu, the HIV pandemic, and the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite occurring at different times in history, parallels can be established in the study of society's psychological reactions among different pandemics. Magical thinking, political skepticism, fake accusations, and discrimination of minorities are recurrent reactions in society among different pandemics in history.
How Important Is Reprocessing in Personalized Multicomponent Therapy? Analyzing Longitudinal Data of Inpatients With Severe PTSD
Authors: Kratzer Leonhard , Heinz Peter , Knefel Matthias , Weindl Dina , Tschöke Stefan , Biedermann Sarah V. , Schröder Johanna , Karatzias Thanos 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Treatment guidelines for complex presentations of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are often cautious about the reprocessing of traumatic memories and recommend multicomponent treatments that are widely used in clinical practice. Yet, the role of reprocessing in these multicomponent treatments remains unknown. Using naturalistic data of 97 patients treated for PTSD, we used a linear mixed model to investigate the role of reprocessing for the outcome at discharge and at 6-month follow-up. Treatment effects were significant and large (g = 0.91–1.05). The final model showed good fit and explained 51% of the variance. There was a significant main effect of time (B = −8.1 [−11.5; −4.8], p < 0.001), as well as a reprocessing by time interaction (B = −17.2 [−30.5; −3.8], p = 0.012), indicating better outcomes with higher levels of reprocessing. Hence, maximizing the amount of reprocessing used in multicomponent treatments for PTSD may significantly enhance outcomes.
Efficacy of Buzzy Device Versus EMLA Cream for Reducing Pain During Needle-Related Procedures in Children
Authors: Haidar Nasser A. , Al Amri Mohammed H. , Sendad Nora G. , Toaimah Fathi H. S. 
Published: May 2023

Objectives
Several pain management tools exist but with limitations in their efficacy or applicability. The EMLA (eutectic mixture of local anesthetics) cream is currently used for pain relief for needle-related procedures; however, it needs a minimum of 30 to 45 minutes to be effective. The Buzzy is a device that generates vibrations with cold leading to quicker pain relief. Our aim was to evaluate the effect of the Buzzy device in pain and anxiety reduction compared with EMLA cream in children requiring intravenous cannulation or venepuncture.

Methods
This was a randomized clinical trial comparing pain and anxiety reduction by Buzzy device with the standard care (EMLA cream) in children aged 2 to 14 years who required blood extraction or intravenous cannulation based on their clinical needs. Eligible patients were randomized to either Buzzy device as the intervention or EMLA cream as the control. The outcome measures were the degree of pain scores and anxiety ratings at different stages of the needle-related procedures.

Results
A total of 300 patients with a mean age of 6.5 ± 3.1 years were enrolled. Baseline characteristics were similar between the Buzzy device and EMLA cream groups. The observed pain scores by research nurses and a parent were significantly lower in the EMLA group compared with the Buzzy device group; however, the pain scores by the self-assessment scale were not statistically significant with mean difference of −0.332, 95% confidence interval, −0.635 to −0.028 (P = 0.062). The level of anxiety was significantly lower in EMLA compared with Buzzy device (P = 0. 0.0001). Both staff and parents' satisfaction, success rate of cannulation, type of blood tests, and comment on the physician on the results were similar in both groups.

Conclusions
Pain and anxiety relief using the Buzzy device is not as effective as EMLA cream in children requiring venepuncture. However, rapid onset of action of the Buzzy device is valuable in decreasing waiting time in a busy emergency department.

Trial Registration

clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT05354739.
Autologous fat grafting in breast augmentation: A systematic review highlighting the need for clinical caution
Authors: Seth Ishith , Bulloch Gabriella , Gibson Damien , Chow Oliver , Seth Nimish , Mann G Bruce , Hunter-Smith David J , Rozen Warren M 
Published: May 2023

Background:Autologous fat grafting (AFG) is a breast augmentation method for treating volume and contour abnormalities. This systematic review aims to summarize complications, radiological safety, volume retention, and patient satisfaction associated with AFG.Methods:PubMed, EMBASE, Google Scholar, Cochrane CENTRAL, Wiley library, clinical key/Elsevier, and EBSCO databases were searched for relevant studies from January 2009 to March 2022. Articles describing AFG for breast augmentation were selected based on pre-determined inclusion and exclusion criteria. PRISMA guidelines were adhered to, and the study was registered on PROSPERO. The ROBINS-I assessment was used to assess the quality of studies and the risk of bias was measured using the ACROBAT- NRSI.Results:Total of 35 studies comprising 3757 women were included. The average follow-up duration was 24.5 months (range, 1-372 months). The overall complication rate was 27.8%, with fat necrosis making up 43.7% of all complications. Average fat volume injected was 300mls (range: 134-610ml) and average volume retention was 58% (range: 44-83%). Volume retention was greater with supplementation of fat with plasma-rich-protein (PRP) and stromal vascular fractioning (SVF). The most common radiological changes were fat necrosis (9.4%) and calcification (1.2%). After follow-up of one year, patient satisfaction was on average 92% (range; 83.2-97.5%). The included studies were of good quality and consisted of a moderate risk of bias.Conclusions:AFG was associated with an overall complication rate of 27.8%, and additional supplementation of fat with PRP and SVF may improve graft survival. Despite poor volume retention being a persistent drawback patient satisfaction remains high.
Wise-pattern Mastectomy with an Inferior Dermal Sling: A Viable Alternative to Elliptical Mastectomy in Prosthetic Based Breast Reconstruction
Authors: Huang Anne , Kuchta Kristine , Alva Duanny , Sisco Mark , Seth Akhil K 
Published: May 2023

Background:
Prosthetic based post-mastectomy breast reconstruction in patients with large or pendulous breasts remains challenging due to inelastic and redundant skin, with various approaches to skin reduction at the time of mastectomy. This study describes our experience with a Wise pattern inferior dermal sling approach to skin sparing mastectomy.

Methods:
Retrospective chart review was performed on patients who underwent immediate prosthetic-based breast reconstruction after mastectomy from 2009 to 2021. Two hundred and forty patients who underwent Wise pattern skin sparing mastectomy (WSSM) were compared to a cohort of patients who had traditional elliptical skin sparing mastectomy (ESSM), matched for mastectomy weight, prior radiation, and smoking. 90-day post-surgical outcomes were examined.

Results:
The WSSM cohort had significantly higher BMI (30.3 vs 26.9, p < 0.0001) and mastectomy weight (831 g vs 607 g, p < 0.0001). After propensity score matching, there was no significant difference in complication or treatment rates between WSSM and ESSM breasts except for mastectomy flap necrosis (11.6% vs 5.0%, p = 0.0082). WSSM patients who had mastectomy flap necrosis did not have significantly different treatment rates of admission, return to operating room, or explantation compared to ESSM patients.

Conclusions:
In the largest reported series to date, WSSM was associated with a higher rate of mastectomy flap necrosis, but this did not translate to statistically significant differences in treatment. The inferior dermal flap likely acts as a protective layer of vascularized tissue, which appears to prevent evolution of mastectomy skin flap necrosis into more serious adverse outcomes.
Using Failure Mode and Effect Analysis to Identify Potential Failures in a Psychiatric Hospital Emergency Department
Authors: Gur-Arieh Sharon , Mendlovic Shlomo , Rozenblum Ronen , Magnezi Racheli 
Published: May 2023

Objectives
Failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) is a powerful tool for accessing potential failures, but the participants are limited. It has not been used in psychiatric hospitals. Objectives were to implement FMEA in a psychiatric hospital and determine whether the FMEA process can be expanded by including participants who are familiar with the emergency department (ED) admission process and those who are not.

Methods
In this prospective, questionnaire-based study, a multidisciplinary team experienced in ED admissions was trained in FMEA and determined potential failures in the process. They developed a questionnaire regarding the failures, which were ranked by 17 ED and 28 non-ED healthcare providers. Risk priority numbers were calculated for each.

Results
By applying FMEA, we found 6 steps of the ED admission process, with 32 potential failures. Risk priority numbers ranged from 91 to 225. The most notable potential failure identified was during a patient’s initial telephone call to the ED, before arrival. Emergency department and non-ED workers ranked 94% of the potential failures similarly.

Conclusions
Failure mode and effect analysis can be implemented in psychiatric hospitals and can be a useful tool for anticipating potential failures. The number of participants in an FMEA can be increased to include those who are not directly involved in the process and should involve several specialists from diverse fields. Increasing the number of participants allows more detailed analyses. A checklist detailing the actions to take when processing a patient’s initial phone call should be implemented to decrease hazards related to ED admissions.
Pulmonary Embolism Detected by Bone Scintigraphy in a Patient With Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Messerschmidt Konstantin , Witt Robin , Krischer Lucas , Sabri Osama , Hesse Swen 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
A 99mTc-DPD bone scintigraphy with SPECT/CT was performed in a 64-year-old woman with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma to exclude osseous metastases. The images demonstrated central focal tracer uptake in the left lung without any visible morphological correlate in the low-dose CT scan. For further clarification, a contrast-enhanced CT scan was carried out, which revealed a subsegmental pulmonary artery embolism in the left lower lobe. Subsequently, the patient was therapeutically anticoagulated. This case highlights the importance of clarifying focal pulmonary uptake in order not to overlook concomitant diseases.
A New Radiopharmaceutical 225Ac-DOTA-IBA in the Treatment of a Case of Bone Metastases
Authors: Xu Tingting , Qu Gengcuo , Liu Guangfu , Wang Li , Chen Yue 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
α-Emitter 225Ac has been considered a candidate for targeted α-therapy. DOTA-IBA is new a precursor targeting bone metastasis. It can be used for radionuclide labeling with 225Ac. We present a case with refractory bone pain for bone metastasis, who demonstrated an excellent therapy response after 1 cycle of 225Ac-DOTA-IBA therapy. Moreover, the patient did not have any observable adverse effects.
68Ga-FAPI PET/CT Detection of Non–FDG-Avid Poorly Differentiated Adenocarcinoma of the Trachea
Authors: Ding Haoyuan , Guo Chunmei , Liang Juan , Liu Ya , Chen Yue 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Primary tracheal adenocarcinoma is relatively rare in clinical practice. We describe the 68Ga-FAPI-04 and 18F-FDG PET/CT findings of primary poorly differentiated tracheal adenocarcinoma in a 48-year-old woman. In the present case, the tumor showed increased 68Ga-FAPI uptake but not significant 18F-FDG activity.
Metastatic Small Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of Endometrium
Authors: Gupta Nitin , Kumar Dinesh , Chandra Anjana , Kaur Satinder , Aiyer Hema Malini 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Primary small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of endometrium is very rare and aggressive carcinoma. Most patients present with metastases at the time of diagnosis and have very poor prognosis. Only very few cases are reported in literature. Here we present a case of 67-year-old woman, who on evaluation for mild pain abdomen was subsequently diagnosed to have metastatic small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of endometrium on PET/CT scan and biopsy.
Antigenic responses are hallmarks of fibrotic interstitial lung diseases independent of underlying etiologies
Authors: Yoon Young me , Velez Tania E. , Upadhyay Vaibhav , Vazquez Sara E. , Lee Cathryn T. , Selvan Kavitha C. , Law Christopher S. , Blaine Kelly M. , Hollinger Maile K. , Decker Donna C. , Clark Marcus R. , Strek Mary E. , Guzy Robert D. , Adegunsoye Ayodeji , Noth Imre , Wolters Paul J. , Anderson Mark , DeRisi Joseph L. , Shum Anthony K. , Sperling Anne I. 
Published: May 2023

SummaryInterstitial lung diseases (ILD) are heterogeneous conditions that may lead to progressive fibrosis and death of affected individuals. Despite diversity in clinical manifestations, enlargement of lung-associated lymph nodes (LLN) in fibrotic ILD patients predicts worse survival. Herein, we revealed a common adaptive immune landscape in LLNs of all ILD patients, characterized by highly activated germinal centers and antigen-activated T cells including regulatory T cells (Tregs). In support of these findings, we identified serum reactivity to 17 candidate auto-antigens in ILD patients through a proteome-wide screening using phage immunoprecipitation sequencing. Autoantibody responses to actin binding LIM protein 1 (ABLIM1), a protein highly expressed in aberrant basaloid cells of fibrotic lungs, were correlated with LLN frequencies of T follicular helper cells and Tregs in ILD patients. Together, we demonstrate that end-stage ILD patients have converging immune mechanisms, in part driven by antigen-specific immune responses, which may contribute to disease progression.
Squigulator: simulation of nanopore sequencing signal data with tunable noise parameters
Authors: Gamaarachchi Hasindu , Ferguson James M. , Samarakoon Hiruna , Liyanage Kisaru , Deveson Ira W. 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACTIn silicosimulation of next-generation sequencing data is a technique used widely in the genomics field. However, there is currently a lack of optimal tools for creating simulated data from ‘third-generation’ nanopore sequencing devices, which measure DNA or RNA molecules in the form of time-series current signal data. Here, we introduceSquigulator, a fast and simple tool for simulation of realistic nanopore signal data.Squigulatortakes a reference genome, transcriptome or read sequences and generates corresponding raw nanopore signal data. This is compatible with basecalling software from Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) and other third-party tools, thereby providing a useful substrate for testing, debugging, validation and optimisation of nanopore analysis methods. The user may generate noise-free ‘ideal’ data, realistic data with noise profiles emulating specific ONT protocols, or they may deterministically modify noise parameters and other variables to shape the data to their needs. To highlight its utility, we useSquigulatorto model the degree to which different types of noise impact the accuracy of ONT basecalling and downstream variant detection, revealing new insights into the properties of ONT data. We provideSquigulatoras an open-source tool for the nanopore community:https://github.com/hasindu2008/squigulator
Immunomodulatory Leptin Receptor+Sympathetic Perineurial Cells Protect Against Obesity by Facilitating Neuroendocrine-Mediated Brown Adipose Tissue Thermogenesis
Authors: Haberman E R , Sarker G , Arús B A , Yilmaz-Özcan S , Martínez-Sánchez N , Freibergerová E , Fernández-González I , Zentai C , O’Brien C J O , Grainger D E , Chakarov S , Raimondi A , Iannacone M , López M , Ginhoux F , Domingos A I 
Published: May 2023

SummaryAdipose tissues (ATs) are innervated by sympathetic nerves, which drive reduction of fat mass via lipolysis and thermogenesis. Here, we report a population of immunomodulatory leptin receptor (LepR)-expressing barrier cells which ensheath sympathetic axon bundles in adipose tissues. These LepR-expressing Sympathetic Perineurial Cells (SPCs) produce IL33, a factor for maintenance and recruitment of regulatory T cell (Treg) and eosinophils in AT. Brown adipose tissues (BAT) of mice lacking IL33 in SPCs (SPCIL33cKO) have fewer Treg and eosinophils, resulting in increased BAT inflammation. SPCIL33cKOmice are more susceptible to diet-induced obesity, independently of food intake. Furthermore, SPCIL33cKOmice have impaired adaptive thermogenesis, and are unresponsive to leptin-induced rescue of metabolic adaptation. We, therefore, identify LepR-expressing SPCs as a source of IL33 which orchestrate an anti-inflammatory environment in BAT, preserving sympathetic-mediated thermogenesis and body weight homeostasis. LepR+IL33+SPCs provide a cellular link between leptin and immune regulation of body weight, unifying neuroendocrinology and immunometabolism as previously disconnected fields of obesity research.Graphical AbstractHighlights-Sympathetic Perineurial Cells (SPCs) co-express LepR+and IL33-SPC-derived IL33 prevents BAT inflammation via Treg and eosinophil recruitment-Obesity is worsened in high fat diet-fed SPCIL33cKOmice, despite normal food intake-Adaptive thermogenesis is impaired in SPCIL33cKOmice-Rescue of metabolic adaptation to fasting by leptin is impaired in SPCIL33cKOmice-SPCs link leptin to immunometabolic regulation of body weight homeostasis
Transcriptomic investigation of the molecular mechanisms underlying resistance to the neonicotinoid thiamethoxam and the pyrethroid lambda-cyhalothrin inEuschistus heros(Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)
Authors: Lira Ewerton C. , Nascimento Antonio R.B. , Bass Chris , Omoto Celso , Cônsoli Fernando L. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractStrains ofEuschistus heros(Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) with resistance to thiamethoxam (NEO) and lambda-cyhalothrin (PYR), generated by selection with these insecticides in the laboratory, have been recently reported in Brazil. However, the mechanisms conferring resistance to these insecticides inE. herosremain unresolved. We utilized comparative transcriptome profiling and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) variant calling of susceptible and laboratory-selected resistant strains ofE. herosto investigate the molecular mechanism(s) underlying resistance. TheE. herostranscriptome was assembled using approximately 190.1 million paired-end reads, which generated 91,673 transcripts with a mean length of 720 bp and N50 of 1795 bp. Approximately, 54.8% of the assembled transcripts ware functionally annotated against the NCBInrdatabase, with most sequences (43%) being similar to the pentatomidsHalyomorpha halys(43%) andNezara viridula(29%). Comparative gene expression analysis between the susceptible (SUS) and NEO strains identified 215 significantly differentially expressed (DE) transcripts. DE transcripts associated with the metabolism of xenobiotics were all up-regulated in the NEO strain. The comparative analysis of the SUS and PYR strains identified 204 DE transcripts, including an esterase (esterase FE4), a glutathione-S-transferase, an ABC transporter (ABCC1), and aquaporins that were up-regulated in the PYR strain. We identified 9,588 and 15,043 non-synonymous SNPs in the PYR and NEO strains respectively in comparisons with the SUS strain. One of the variants (D70N) detected in the NEO strain occurs in a subunit (α5) of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, the target-site of neonicotinoid insecticides. Nevertheless, the position of this residue was found very variable among α5 from insect species. In conclusion, neonicotinoid and pyrethroid resistance in laboratory-selected strains ofE. herosis associated with a potential metabolic resistance mechanism mediated by the overexpression of several proteins commonly involved in the three phases of xenobiotic metabolism. Together these findings provide insight into the potential basis of resistance inE. herosand will inform the development and implementation of resistance management strategies against this important pest.Highlights419 DE genes were observed inE. herosinsecticide-resistant strains24,631 SNPs were identified inE. herosinsecticide-resistant strainsE. herosinsecticide-resistant strains overexpress metabolic resistance genesLambda-cyhalothrin-resistantE. herosoverexpresses cuticular proteinsThiamethoxam-resistantE. heroscarries the target-site mutation D70N in nAChRalpha5