bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Two step hybrid methods for the integration of highly oscillatory systems of ODEs
Authors: Yakubu Gulibur Dauda , Chollom Joshau P. , Momoh Adelegan L. , Kumleng Geoffrey M. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
\noindent The use of collocation process for constructing numerical methods for solving ordinary differential equations has been attractive for stiff and problems with highly oscillatory solutions. In this paper, a class of block hybrid collocation methods has been developed which can efficiently solve stiff and highly oscillatory differential equations in block solution form. The block hybrid collocation methods are derived based on collocation at the polynomial nodes which are very effective for solving highly oscillatory systems. The block solution methods arising from the continuous formulation are discussed for various examples with applications. The methods are self-starting and produce dense output within the integration interval. The convergence of the derived methods is determined theoretically and asymptotic error constants are calculated. Improved performance over some known standard methods is achieved for a broad class of problems with oscillating solutions. Preliminary numerical calculations using our new methods clearly show improved performance, efficiency and effectiveness compared to some methods with strong algebraic stability properties. Efficiency curves of the solutions plotted, show rapid convergence of the proposed second-derivative block hybrid collocation methods.
(2010) Mathematics Subject Classification:34M10,35B05,35B35,65L05
A novel chaperone flavin-containing monooxygenase 2 confers cardioprotection against ischemia through its disulfide-bond catalytic activity
Authors: Liu Qingnian , Huang Jiniu , Ding Hao , Tao Yue , Xiao Changchen , Wang Yingchao , Wu Rongrong , Ni Cheng , Zhong Zhiwei , Zhu Wei , Chen Jinghai , Zhang Chenyun , Hu Xinyang , Wang Jian’an 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Sequencing-based protein–protein interaction analysis provides an immune gene network for understanding white body immune response mechanisms against Poly I:C stimulation in Amphioctopus fangsiao
Authors: Chen Xipan , Lu Zhengcai , Wang Weijun , Sun Guohua , Feng Yanwei , Liu Xiumei , Xu Xiaohui , Li Zan , Yang Jianmin 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Pathogen threats pose a significant limitation in the culture of marine organisms like cephalopods. Yet, there is a notable lack of immune information regarding cephalopods. Polyriboinosinic polyribocytidylic acid (Poly I:C), a synthetic virus-like molecule, can be recognized by the immune cells as pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), and this process is often used to simulate the invasion of viruses. The white body is an immune and hematopoietic organ, and its RNA-seq information obtained from Amphioctopus fangsiao stimulated by Poly I:C is essential for understanding the antiviral immune response in this species. In this research, we performed transcriptome sequencing and bioinformatics analysis of A. fangsiao white body tissue within 24h stimulated by Poly I:C. A large number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected in this study, including 2,613 and 8 DEGs at 6h and 24h, respectively. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses were used for searching immune-related terms and genes. Afterwards, a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed to identify the relationship between immune genes. Finally, the 20 hub genes including RAC1, MAPK14, PIK3CA and other seventeen hub genes were identified based on the network and pathway analysis, and we validated the accuracy of 20 hub genes using qRT-PCR. These hub genes mainly participated in PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, Chemokine signaling pathway and other signaling pathways. These research results provided a valuable theoretical basis for researching A. fangsiao white body immunity and significantly improved our cognition about innate immunity of cephalopods.
From Voxels to Prognosis: AI-Driven Quantitative Chest CT Analysis Forecasts ICU Requirements in 81 COVID-19 Cases
Authors: Bumm Rudolf , Zaffino Paolo , Lasso Andras , Estépar Raúl San José , Pieper Steven , Wasserthal Jakob , Spadea Maria Francesca , Latshang Tsogyal , Kawel-Böhm Nadine , Wäckerlin Adrian , Werner Raphael , Hässig Gabriela , Furrer Markus , Kikinis Ron 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background: The current study aimed to investigate the distribution and extent of lung involvement in patients with COVID-19, assess the relationship between lung involvement and the need for intensive care unit (ICU) admission and compare the performance of computer analysis with the judgment of radiological experts.
Methods: A total of 81 patients from an open-source COVID database with confirmed COVID-19 infection were included in the study. Lung involvement was assessed using computed tomography (CT) scans, and the extent of infiltration and collapse was quantified across various lung lobes and regions. The associations between lung involvement and ICU admission were analyzed. Additionally, the computer analysis of COVID-19 involvement was compared against the expert rating provided by a radiological expert.
Results: The results showed a higher degree of infiltration and collapse in the left lower lobe compared to the upper lobe (p < 0.05) and a similar pattern in the right lower lobes (p < 0.05). No significant difference was detected in the COVID-19-related involvement of the left and right lower lobes. The right middle lobes demonstrated lower involvement compared to the right lower lobes (p < 0.05). When examining the regions, no significant difference in COVID-19 involvement was found when comparing the anterior and posterior lungs. The middle third displayed greater COVID-19 involvement than the upper and lower thirds. Patients requiring ICU admission during their inpatient treatment exhibited significantly higher COVID-19 involvement in their lung parenchyma according to computer analysis, compared to patients who remained in general wards. Patients with more than 40% COVID-19 involvement were almost exclusively treated in intensive care. A high correlation was observed between computer detection of COVID-19 affections and expert rating by a radiological expert.
Conclusion: The findings suggest that the extent of lung involvement, particularly in the lower lobes and middle third, may be associated with the need for ICU admission in patients with COVID-19. Computer analysis showed a high correlation with expert rating, highlighting its potential utility in clinical settings for assessing lung involvement. This information may help guide clinical decision-making and resource allocation during ongoing or future pandemics. Further studies with larger sample sizes are warranted to validate these findings.
MIM: A Multiple Integration Model for Intrusion Detection on Imbalanced Samples
Authors: Zhang Zhiqiang , Wang Le , Zhu Dong , Zhu Junyi , Gu Zhaoquan , Zhang Yanchun 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

The quantity of normal samples is commonly significantly greater than that of malicious samples, resulting in an imbalance in network security data. When dealing with imbalanced samples, the classification model requires careful sampling and attribute selection methods to cope with bias towards majority classes. Simple data sampling methods and incomplete feature selection techniques cannot improve the accuracy of intrusion detection models. In addition, a single intrusion detection model cannot accurately classify all attack types in the face of massive imbalanced security data. Nevertheless, the existing model integration methods based on stacking or voting technologies, suffer from high coupling that undermines their stability and reliability. To address these issues, we propose a Multiple Integration Model (MIM) to implement feature selection and attack classification. First, MIM uses random Oversampling, random Undersampling and Washing Methods (OUWM) to reconstruct the data. Then, a modified simulated annealing algorithm is employed to generate candidate features. Finally, an integrated model based on Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM), eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) and gradient Boosting with Categorical features support (CatBoost) is designed to achieve intrusion detection and attack classification. MIM leverages a Rule-based and Priority-based Ensemble Strategy (RPES) to combine the high accuracy of the former and the high effectiveness of the latter two, improving the stability and reliability of the integration model. We evaluate the effectiveness of our approach on two publicly available intrusion detection datasets, as well as a dataset created by researchers from the University of New Brunswick and another dataset collected by the Australian Center for Cyber Security. In our experiments, MIM significantly outperforms several existing intrusion detection models in terms of accuracy, such as quadratic discriminant analysis, k-nearest neighbor, and back propagation. Specifically, MIM achieves a higher accuracy compared to the two famous models, as well as a model combines deep neural network with deep auto-encoder and another model combines incremental extreme learning machine with an adaptive principal component, with improvements of 5.12% and 5.79%, respectively.
Comparison of three-dimensional reconstructed palatal morphology in skeletal Class III and skeletal Class I subjects with different vertical patterns
Authors: Huang Xiaoyi , Huang Wenbin , Pei Tao , Zhao Yijiao , Wang Yong , Gu Yan , Bai Xueqin 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Objective: This study aims to evaluate the difference of palatal morphology between subjects with skeletal Class III and skeletal Class I in different vertical patterns using digital technology.
Materials and Methods: In this study, 89 subjects with skeletal Class III (49 females, 40 males; 25.45±3.81 years) and 85 subjects with skeletal Class I (45 females, 40 males; 23.95±4.45 years) were collected retrospectively and divided into hyperdivergent, normodivergent and hypodivergent groups. Dolphin software was used to reorient the CBCT images of these subjects. After using ProPlan software to segment three-dimensional (3D) object of maxilla from the 3D skull, Geomagic Studio software was used to reconstruct 3D palatal morphology. The differences of 3D palatal morphology between different groups were compare by deviation patterns on 3D colored map analysis.
Results: 3D colored map analysis showed the posterior part of male’s palate was higher and wider than that of female in skeletal Class III subjects. In skeletal Class III subjects, males with hyperdivergent had a higher and narrower palate compared with hypodivergent subjects, while females with hyperdivergent had a higher but no obvious narrower palate compared with hypodivergent subjects. In the similar vertical patterns, skeletal Class III subjects had a flatter but not narrower palate compared with skeletal Class I, along with a smaller palate volume.
Conclusions: In skeletal Class III subjects, as the vertical dimension increased, the palate tended to be higher and narrower.
Clinical Relevance: The influence of vertical patterns on the palatal morphology should be fully considered in the orthodontic and orthognathic treatment of skeletal Class III subjects.
Chronic health conditions after childhood Langerhans cell histiocytosis: Results from the Swiss Childhood Cancer Survivor Study
Authors: Sláma Tomáš , Mader Luzius , Žarković Maša , Malär Reta , Schifferli Alexandra , Weid Nicolas X von der , Kuehni Claudia E , Schindera Christina 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background: Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is characterized by dysregulated proliferation of LCH cells and subsequent organ infiltration. Clinical manifestations vary and range from a single system unifocal bone disease to multisystem LCH with risk organ involvement. The prognosis is in majority of cases favourable, but some LCH survivors experience chronic health conditions resulting from this disease. Since a comprehensive, population-based description of chronic health conditions among LCH survivors is lacking, we evaluated the spectrum and prevalence of chronic health conditions among LCH survivors compared with siblings of childhood cancer survivors and identified factors associated with chronic health conditions.
Results: In total, 123 LCH survivors participated (response rate 69%). Median time since diagnosis was 13 years (interquartile range 9–20) and median age at study was 20 years (interquartile range 15-26). LCH survivors were more often male (63%). We also included 866 siblings of childhood cancer survivors as a healthy comparison group.
Fifty-nine percent of LCH survivors had at least one chronic health condition while only 48% of siblings had one or more chronic health conditions (p=0.02). Cardiovascular (13% vs. 6%), endocrine (15% vs. 1%), musculoskeletal (22% vs. 12%), and digestive (15% vs. 8%) chronic health conditions were more common among LCH survivors than siblings. Among survivors of single system unifocal bone LCH, only musculoskeletal (23% vs. 12%) CHC were more prevalent compared with siblings. Among survivors of all other LCH forms, neurological (40% vs. 23%), endocrine (24% vs. 1%), musculoskeletal (21% vs. 12%), digestive (21% vs. 8%), and cardiovascular (18% vs. 6%) chronic health conditions were more prevalent compared with siblings (all p<0.05).
Factors most strongly associated with occurrence of chronic health conditions were multisystem LCH, multifocal bone involvement, and involvement of pituitary gland.
Conclusions: We showed more than half of long-term LCH survivors suffered from at least one chronic health condition and were affected considerably more than siblings. Clinicians in paediatric cancer survivorship programs should be vigilant regarding musculoskeletal, endocrine, digestive, and cardiovascular chronic health conditions in multisystem LCH, multifocal bone disease survivors, and those with pituitary gland involvement.
Successful ablation of the large conjunctival cyst (21.68 × 10.5 mm) using plasma-assisted noninvasive surgery (PANIS) with 1-year follow-up; a clinical case report
Authors: Nejat Farhad , Eghtedari Shima , Moradi Maryam 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Large conjunctival cysts are common benign lesions that can cause various visual and cosmetic problems. In this case report, we aim to report the successful removal of a large conjunctival cyst using the Plasma Assisted Non-Invasive Surgery (PANIS) method.
Methods
A 50-year-old female was diagnosed with a large conjunctival cyst. After topical anesthesia, with the use of PLEXR PLUS device, Plasma spots applied on the top of the cyst in order to sublimate and drain the cyst. visual parameters including refraction error, uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), intraocular pressure (IOP), and ocular surface disease index (OSDI) were measured before, six months, and one year after the procedure.
Results
Complete removal of the cyst occurred and no recurrence, any possible side effects or complications were seen in slit-lamp photos after six month and one year follow-up.
Conclusion
The PANIS method is a minimally invasive, office-based, and cost-effective technique for conjunctival cyst ablation.
Amyloid beta-specific T cell response is enhanced in individuals with mild cognitive impairment
Authors: Chiu Yen-Ling , Yan Sui-Hing , Fan Yang-Teng , Chang Chiung-Fang , Hung Ruo-Wei , Liu Yi-Chien , Yang Tienyu Owen , Chuang Yi-Fang 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background:
Neuroinflammation and deposition of amyloid plaques are key features of patients with Alzheimer’s dementia or mild cognitive impairment (MCI), but little is known about the role of amyloid-reactive immune response in cognitive decline. Using an amyloid b-specific T cell polyfunctionality assay, we tested samples from the Epidemiology of Mild Cognitive Impairment in Taiwan study (EMCIT) and the Taiwan Precision Medicine Initiative of Cognitive Impairment and dementia (TPMIC) study.
Results:
Both cohorts showed enhanced amyloid-reactive T-cell responses in individuals with MCI. In the EMCIT cohort, the individual’s amyloid peptide pool-reactive CD4+ and CD8+ total response frequencies were significantly larger in MCI patients (n=69; CD4+: 0.79%; CD8+: 0.67%) than in control individuals (n=69; CD4+: 0.27%; CD8: 0.4%; both p < 0.05). Notably, CD4+ T cell total response discriminated MCI versus control (AUROC, 0.72) with significantly higher accuracy than p-Tau181 (AUROC: 0.59, p < 0.01). In the TPMIC cohort, both amyloid peptide pool-reactive CD4+ and CD8+ total response frequencies were also higher in MCI individuals (n=41; CD4: 1.3%, CD8: 1.91%) than in control (n=79, CD4: 0.15%, CD8: 0.28%; both p < 0.001). Amyloid peptide pool-reactive total CD4+ and CD8+ T cell response frequencies outperformed p-Tau181 in their discriminative accuracy of MCI (CD4+ AUROC, 0.97; CD8+ AUROC, 0.96; p-Tau181 AUROC, 0.72; both p < 0.001). Other amyloid peptide formulations similarly induced an increase of T cell response in MCI individuals and demonstrated superior discriminative accuracy than p-Tau181.
Conclusion:
Our study indicates that T cell-specific, amyloid-associated T cell response increases in individuals with MCI. T cell response against amyloid is a novel biomarker of mild cognitive impairment. Further studies are needed to investigate the potential role of amyloid-T cell response as a risk factor for future cognitive decline.
SEM evaluation to optimize the condition for the production of uniform chitosan nanoparticles from shrimp shells working as an effective adsorbent to acid red 1
Authors: Jahura Fatema Tuj , Ferdousi Farhana Khanam , Ehsan Md. Qamrul , Hossain Mohammad Abul 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Uniform chitosan nanoparticles have gained interest in recent years for their wide variety of applications. This study presents an optimum condition for preparation of uniform size of chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs) from waste shrimp shells based on their evaluation by SEM study and other spectrometric methods were used to characterize their adsorptive property. Initially, chitosan was extracted from shrimp shells. Then CSNPs were produced from extracted chitosan by a self-modified ionotropic gelation method. The characteristic features of prepared chitosan and chitosan nanoparticles were investigated by determining molecular weight, degree of deacetylation, particle size, surface morphology, crystal structure, etc. using FTIR, XRD, and SEM-EDX analysis. Optimal conditions were selected based on the SEM observation of the uniform particles size (in a short range of 13–20 nm in diameter) of CSNPs. The adsorption efficiency of chitosan nanoparticles was investigated using acid red 1 (AR1) as a model adsorbate, and the effect of operational parameters such as contact time, dye concentration, temperature, and solution pH were investigated. Batch adsorption kinetics of AR1 on CSNPs follows pseudo second order kinetic equation. This implies the adsorption could be controlled by chemisorption, whereas the adsorption isotherms follow the Langmuir equation. The adsorption capacity of CSNPs, calculated from Langmuir equation, was found 243.9 mg⋅g− 1at 35°C which escalated with increase in temperature suggesting endothermic adsorption. Based on these results, the CSNPs prepared from shrimp shell waste can be used as high potential and efficient adsorbent to remove AR1 from waste water.
Reproductive Health Advances in Bangladesh: National Policies, Selected Outcomes, and Improved Equity
Authors: Ross John A. , Khuda Barkat 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
BACKGROUND
Reproductive Health now commands the attention of the international community; it has numerous components, including early marriage, and early births, unwanted births, pregnancy-related care, contraceptive use, and maternal mortality. The government has taken major steps to improve reproductive health, with major infrastructure improvements and encouragement of the private sector. Against that background it is important to identify the apparent effects and to trace changes in reproductive behavior to measure the extent of change in each indicator.
METHODS
Eight Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) in Bangladesh over a 24-year period to 2017-18 provide trends for all women and for various subgroups. These are nationally representative and are analyzed by cross-tabulations, with graphical displays of results.
RESULTS
During major efforts by the government to advance reproductive health, most indicators have moved favorably over the decades: there are fewer early marriages and births, fewer high-order and short-interval births, fewer unwanted births, more contraceptive use, and lower maternal and infant/child mortality. Especially, reproductive equity between the poor and the rich has improved.
CONCLUSIONS
These remarkable developments appear to reflect the series of national policies and programs undertaken by the Government, through both public and private sectors. Those should be augmented, and the revolution in reproductive behavior that has occurred should be repeatedly traced. This documentation of the changes in Bangladesh should gain the attention of other countries in the region. The latest survey, now in the field, will test the favorable trends so far against the impact of the Covid 19 pandemic.
Gastric and Sigmoid Colonic Metastases from Breast Cancer: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Huang Yi , Chen Kaibo , Jin Yongyan , Chen Jian , Ma Xiaojing , Wang Yanyan , Chen Jiaqi , Jin Xiaoli 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Breast cancer has become the most commonly diagnosed cancer in the world, but gastrointestinal metastasis from breast cancer is rare. It is extremely rare to have both gastric and sigmoid colonic metastases in one case. For patients considered gastric or colon carcinoma who have a history of breast cancer, it is difficult to identify the origin. Even so, clinicians still need to make accurate diagnosis due to great different treatment principles.
Case presentation:
We present a case that diagnosed as metachronous gastric and sigmoid colonic metastases from invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast. On June 7, 2021, A 65-year-old female patient came to our department complained recurrent abdominal discomfort for one week. Gastroscopy in our hospital suggested that there was a superficial depressed lesion (type IIC) in her gastric antrum, while pathology indicated poorly differentiated carcinoma. Combined with the patient's breast cancer history and immunohistochemical results, we accurately diagnosed her as gastric metastasis of breast cancer rather than primary gastric cancer. During systematic treatment progress, sigmoid colonic metastasis was detected with colonoscopy on September 19, 2022. Up to May 2023, the patient is still alive with an overall survival greater than 23 months.
Conclusions
Gastrointestinal metastasis of breast cancer is rare in clinical work, but the incidence of autopsy is up to 15–16%. This phenomenon suggests that some patients with advanced breast cancer have not been accurately diagnosed, which may lead them to receive inappropriate treatment. At present, estrogen/progesterone receptor (ER/PR), GATA binding protein-3 (GATA-3), cytokeratin 7/20 (CK7/20), gross cystic disease fluid protein-15 (GCDFP-15) and mammaglobin are the most diagnostic immunohistochemical markers.