bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Timing of emergency caesareans – what's the rush? A retrospective multi‐centred observational study into decision‐to‐delivery interval and maternal and fetal outcomes
Authors: McIntyre Rachel , Maas Zak , Brenman Claire 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis study primarily aims to investigate the relationship between decision‐to‐delivery interval (DDI) and fetal and maternal outcomes in patients undergoing an emergency caesarean section. A secondary aim was to investigate if any maternal or labour features adversely affected outcomes. Two‐hundred and forty‐six patients underwent an emergency caesarean section within a 9 month period. Outcomes considered included estimated blood loss, need for special care baby unit admission, need for neonatal resus in the form of continuous positive airway pressure and initial APGARs. A multivariate regression analysis was used. This study found no relation between DDI and outcomes.
ReSE‐Net: Enhanced UNet architecture for lung segmentation in chest radiography images
Authors: Agrawal Tarun , Choudhary Prakash 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAutomatic lung segmentation in the chest x‐ray is important for computer aided diagnosis. It helps in the surgical planning and diagnosis of pulmonary diseases. Lung shape, size, overlapped area, and opacities make lung segmentation arduous. In this article, we have proposed a UNet‐based model for lung segmentation. We have evaluated the model on difficult datasets that have chest radiographs of patients affected by tuberculosis and other severe abnormalities. Three chest radiography datasets and a CT‐scan dataset are used to prove the model generalization. The proposed model efficiently uses the residual learning and attention mechanisms to improve the segmentation results against the original UNet for the dice coefficient index (DCI) and Jaccard index. We have also performed an ablation study to highlight the impact of the attention mechanism in the proposed model. The model obtained a 97.62% DCI, 95.43% Jaccard index, and a 4.00 Hausdorff distance on the Montgomery County dataset. While on the Shenzhen and NIH datasets, it achieved a 95.71% and 95.75% DCI, 91.90% and 91.95% Jaccard index, and a 5.23 and 5.20 Hausdorff distance, respectively. The proposed model has achieved better or comparable performance against other state‐of‐the‐art models.
Antecedents of public‐sector auditors’ economic error communication: Evidence from Germany
Authors: Lindermüller David , Lindermüller Irina , Nitzl Christian , Hirsch Bernhard 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTraditionally, public‐sector auditors are concerned with auditing the legality and regularity of government activities (compliance audits). However, such auditors are increasingly expected to conduct “performance audits” and communicate economic errors due to inefficiency, ineffectiveness, and poor economic decisions to the auditee. This type of role change is often accompanied by role stress. This study explores whether role stress—role conflict and role ambiguity—among local public‐sector auditors and their perception of their new business partner role are precursors of their communication of detected economic errors to their auditees. Therefore, survey data from German local public sector auditors (i.e., municipalities and counties) are gathered and analyzed. Our results show that compare to those in other organizations, auditors who work in more formalized public‐sector audit organizations are less likely to experience role ambiguity and role conflict and to communicate auditees’ economic errors more actively. Furthermore, we find that auditors who do not experience role ambiguity find it easier to see themselves as a business partner of the auditee and show more active economic error communication. The present study informs the literature on performance auditing by transferring the business partner concept to the context of public‐sector auditing and applying a role theory perspective to reveal drivers of economic error communication.
Rapid detection of insect pest with CRISPR‐Cas13a‐Based Lateral Flow Strip: Using Locusta migratoria manilensis
Authors: Zhang Liu , Yang Lijun , Li Hongwei , Yu Yanxue , Zhai Junfeng 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats‐associated (CRISPR‐Cas) system has been used as a powerful diagnostic tool because of its trans‐cleavage ability to accurately recognize and cleave specific nucleic acid targets. However, its application in insect pest detection has rarely been reported. The aim of the current study was to develop a new molecular identification method for insect based on CRISPR‐Cas13a system. In this study, we have developed a highly specific and sensitive detection system that combines polymerase chain reaction, CRISPR‐Cas13a system and lateral flow dipstick (PCR‐Cas13a‐LFD) to rapidly detect the presence of Locusta migratoria manilensis (Orthoptera: Acrididae) DNA and discriminate it from other species, by using material from different stages of development. A pair of specific primers and crRNA were designed based on the Gene DEAD‐box DDX10 mRNA sequence. For visual readout, a FAM‐RNA‐biotin reporter was used for detection. The CRISPR‐Cas13a‐based detection method utilizes the visual identification of L. migratoria manilensis at different developmental stages or with the use of incomplete samples. The test results could be distinguished within 2 h. The sensitivity of the PCR‐Cas13a‐LFD detection system reached 0.1 ng/μL, a 10‐fold increase compared with that of the PCR with electrophoresis. The LFD coupled with CRISPR‐Cas13a (Cas13a‐LFD) is promising for the portable, onsite and fast identification of insect pests. This study provides a reference for the development of a new method for insect identification.
Sprouts consumption: A correlational study between Brazilian consumers' perception, motivation to eat new products levels and food choice factors
Authors: Miyahira Roberta Fontanive , Giangiarulo Thamires , de Oliveira Lopes Jean , da Silva Wanessa Pires , Esmerino Erick Almeida , Antunes Adriane Elisabete Costa 
Published: April 2023

AbstractEncouraging the consumption of natural foods with a high content of nutrients such as sprouts is a strategy that meets the nutritional guidelines of most countries. Considering that data on sprouts consumption in Brazil are scarce, the present study aimed to evaluate the perception of Brazilian participants about sprouts, correlating these data with the multidimensionality of food choice and motivations for novelties. The perception of 315 participants was evaluated, considering the Food Choice Questionnaire (FCQ), Motivation to Eat New Foods scale, and the projective technique of Word Association (WA). Based on FCQ data, participants were subdivided into two distinct clusters with specific profiles. All factors' scores related to food choice showed significantly higher scores in Group 2. Sensory appeal was their most relevant factor. Both groups were highly motivated to approach new foods. In the WA task, the most mentioned categories were associated with product, health, and environmental aspects.Practical applicationsThe evaluation of consumers' perceptions about sprouts demonstrated that the inclusion of sprouts as part of the diet is feasible and aligns with the demands and motivations of Brazilian participants. As a practical application, it is suggested that strategies be developed to promote the consumption of sprouts based on sensory and nutritional aspects, as well as their relationship with health and the environment.
Other options to resolve patent infringement dispute, experiences from China
Authors: Biyu Ma , Dingming Yu 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWhile civil litigation (CL) was expected to play a major role in resolving patent infringement disputes, administrative adjudication (AA) has become the preferred channel for patentees to protect their rights in China since 2015. The number of AA cases significantly increased during the study period of 2010–2021. Our research finds that AA does not particularly favor patentees. By comparing the rules of CL and AA, we also find that low cost and high efficiency are the two major advantages of AA. Besides these traits, the motivations for patentees to initiate AA are the lack of risks in AA procedure and its valuable outcomes. Understanding the real motivation for the application of AA could be a reference for improving the patent infringement dispute system.
Philosophical virtues
Authors: Cassam Quassim 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIt has been suggested that philosophers should adopt a methodology largely inspired by mathematics and that the “mathematical” virtues of rigor, clarity, and precision are also fundamental philosophical virtues. In reply, this paper argues that some excellent philosophy lacks these virtues and that too much emphasis on the mathematical virtues excludes potentially valuable forms of philosophical discourse and makes the profession less diverse than it should be. Unduly restrictive conceptions of philosophical argumentation should be avoided. On a contributory conception, philosophy should try to make a positive contribution to human emancipation where possible. The paper argues that it is possible and desirable for epistemology to contribute in this way and that the mathematical virtues are less significant in this context than the emancipatory virtues of what one might call “liberation philosophy.” These include irony, reflectiveness, imagination, contrarianism, and worldliness.
Rapid detection of dermatophytes using the Seegene Novaplex™ dermatophyte assay
Authors: van Herk Aline , Houwen Cindy , den Reijer Martijn , Beek Marianne Noordanus‐van , Niehuis Marie‐Jean , van Lisdonk Nico , Mertens Kelly , Thai Khoa T. D. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectivesWe assessed the performance of the Seegene Novaplex™ Dermatophyte Assay for diagnosis of dermatophytosis.MethodsSixty‐one clinical samples from skin, nail, hair and culture were selected based on RT‐PCR according to Wisselink et al. Of these samples, 26 samples were negative and 35 samples were positive with 39 dermatophytes strains. Emerging fungal strains harbouring terbinafine resistance (i.e. T. indotineae and T. mentagrophytes) were included.ResultsThe specificities of the Novaplex™ Dermatophyte Assay ranged between 94.3% and 97.9%. The sensitivities for the detection of T. rubrum complex, T. mentagrophytes/T. interdigitale species complex and C. albicans were 94.1% (95% CI: 71.3–99.9), 78.6% (95% CI: 49.2–95.3) and 100% (95% CI: 69.2–100), respectively, with Cohen's kappa of at least 72.9%.ConclusionsThe Seegene Novaplex™ Dermatophyte Assay can be used for reliable screening of dermatophytes, including emerging strains in a routine laboratory setting.
The concept of the Hausa nation from an ethnolinguistic perspective
Authors: Pawlak Nina 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe paper investigates the concept of the Hausa nation from a linguistic perspective. Using ethnolinguistic methodology, which enables the study of the relationship between language and culture, it focuses on the encoding of the NATION (as well as the similar concept HOMELAND) in the Hausa language. Phrases, words, and expressions demonstrate how the idea is perceived by the community and how the concept is reflected in the ‘linguistic worldview’. Attention is paid to the terms that are cultural keywords, petrified phrases and proverbs that manifest the patterns of national identification. The paper concludes that the concept of ‘nation’ in Hausa is encoded with reference to the national community, which has no state of its own. According to the manner in which it is conceived, two ethnolinguistic profiles of the homeland can be identified: one motivated by ethnic (language) identity; the other by state (Nigerian) identity.
Community‐engaged primary care medical education
Authors: Harding Daniel , Uppal Sheila , Meiring Samantha , Golding Bethany , Dutta Nina , Parekh Ravi 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundCommunity‐engaged medical education (CEME) requires medical schools to partner with local communities to help address community priorities, whilst enhancing the learning experiences of students. Current literature on CEME has focused on evaluating its effects on students; however, there remains a gap in exploring whether CEME initiatives can have a sustainable impact for communities.ApproachThe Community Action Project (CAP) at Imperial College London, is an eight‐week, community‐engaged, quality improvement project for Year 3 medical students. Students initially consult with clinicians, patients and wider community stakeholders to understand local needs and assets, and identify a health priority to address. They then work with relevant stakeholders to design, implement and evaluate a project to help address their identified priority.EvaluationAll CAPs (n = 264) completed in the 2019–2021 academic years were evaluated for evidence of several key areas, including community engagement and sustainability. 91% of projects evidenced a needs analysis, 71% demonstrated patient involvement in their development, and 64% demonstrated sustainable impacts from their projects. Analysis revealed the topics frequently addressed, and the formats used by students. Two CAPs are described in more detail to demonstrate their community impact.ImplicationsThe CAP demonstrates how the principles of CEME (meaningful community engagement and social accountability) can lead to sustainable benefits for local communities through purposeful collaboration with patients and local communities. Strengths, limitations and future directions are highlighted.
Supplemental Material: Two episodes of late Mesoproterozoic magmatism in the southwestern Yangtze Block, China, and their association with Grenville-aged orogenic cycles
Authors: Wang Yan-Jun , zhu wei-guang , al. et 
Published: April 2023

<p> Figure S1: Representative field photos and microscopic photographs of mafic rocks in this study. Figure S2: Plot of whole-rock εNd(<em>t</em>) versus age (Ga) for the Boka dolerites, Lanniping gabbros, and Tong’an dikes. Figure S3: Covariations of the high field strength elements (e.g., TiO2, Th, Nb, Nd, Eu, Yb), compatible element (e.g., Ni), and large ion lithophile elements (e.g., Ba and Sr) relative to Zr contents for the Boka dolerites, Lanniping gabbros, and Tong’an dikes. Figure S4: Covariations of SiO2, TiO2, Fe2O3T, CaO, Al2O3, CaO/Al2O3, P2O5, Ni, and Cr relative to MgO contents for the Boka dolerites, Lanniping gabbros, and Tong’an dikes. Figure S5: Th/Nb versus TiO2/Yb plot for the late Mesoproterozoic mafic rocks in the southwestern Yangtze Block. Table S1: Cameca secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) zircon and baddeleyite U-Pb isotopic analyses for the late Mesoproterozoic mafic rocks from the Huili-Dongchuan area, southwestern Yangtze Block. Table S2: Major-element (wt%) and trace-element (ppm) data of the late Mesoproterozoic mafic rocks from the southwestern Yangtze Block. Table S3: Sm-Nd isotopic compositions of the late Mesoproterozoic mafic rocks from the southwestern Yangtze Block. </p>
Modelling admission lengths within psychiatric intensive care units
Authors: Dye Stephen , Sethi Faisil , Kearney Thomas , Rose Elizabeth , Penfold Leia , Campbell Malcolm , Valsraj Koravangattu 
Published: April 2023

ObjectivesTo examine whether discharge destination is a useful predictor variable for the length of admission within psychiatric intensive care units (PICUs).MethodsA clinician-led process separated PICU admissions by discharge destination into three types and suggested other possible variables associated with length of stay. Subsequently, a retrospective study gathered proposed predictor variable data from a total of 368 admissions from four PICUs. Bayesian models were developed and analysed.ResultsClinical patient-type grouping by discharge destination displayed better intraclass correlation (0.37) than any other predictor variable (next highest was the specific PICU to which a patient was admitted (0.0585)). Patients who were transferred to further secure care had the longest PICU admission length. The best model included both patient type (discharge destination) and unit as well as an interaction between those variables.DiscussionPatient typing based on clinical pathways shows better predictive ability of admission length than clinical diagnosis or a specific tool that was developed to identify patient needs. Modelling admission lengths in a Bayesian fashion could be expanded and be useful within service planning and monitoring for groups of patients.ConclusionVariables previously proposed to be associated with patient need did not predict PICU admission length. Of the proposed predictor variables, grouping patients by discharge destination contributed the most to length of stay in four different PICUs.
Analysis of povidone iodine, chlorhexidine acetate and polyhexamethylene biguanide as wound disinfectants: in vitro cytotoxicity and antibacterial activity
Authors: Zhang Mingshi , Jin Jian , Liu Yingying , Ben Chi , Li Haihang , Cheng Dasheng , Sun Yu , Guang-Yi Wang , Zhu Shihui 
Published: April 2023

ObjectivesEven though disinfectants are commonly used in clinical practice and daily life, there are few studies on their antibacterial ability and cytotoxicity, which are closely related to the safety and effectiveness of their use. To provide a basis for the use of disinfectants, the cytotoxicity and antibacterial activity of three most commonly used disinfectants, povidone-iodine, chlorhexidine acetate and polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB), were investigated.DesignA CCK-8 assay was used to measure the activities of human fibroblasts (HF) and keratinocytes (HaCat), the two most important cells in wound healing, following their exposure to disinfectants. The effects of different times and concentrations were included. The antibacterial activity of disinfectants againstStaphylococcus aureus, Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniaewas reflected by their minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration.ResultsAll three disinfectants showed strong cytotoxicity in direct contact with HF and HaCat cells. Cytotoxicity increased with increasing exposure time and concentration.S. aureus,A. baumannii and K. pneumoniaecomprised 70%, 55% and 85% of the strains sensitive to povidone iodine; 50%, 45% and 80% of the strains sensitive to chlorhexidine acetate; and 60%, 45% and 80% of the strains sensitive to PHMB, respectively.ConclusionsAll three disinfectants were cytotoxic; therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to the use time and concentration in the clinical setting. All three disinfectants were cytotoxic, with povidone-iodine being the most cytotoxic even at low concentrations. PHMB had better antibacterial efficacy againstS. aureusand is suitable for the treatment of shallow wounds primarily. All three tested bacteria were significantly more sensitive to PHMB than to the other disinfectants.
Multicenter Phase I Trial of Ivosidenib as Maintenance Treatment Following Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation for IDH1-Mutated Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Fathi Amir T. , Kim Haesook T. , Soiffer Robert J. , Levis Mark J. , Li Shuli , Kim Annette S. , DeFilipp Zachariah , El-Jawahri Areej , McAfee Steve L. , Brunner Andrew M. , Amrein Philip C. , Mims Alice S. , Knight Laura W. , Kelley Devon , Bottoms AJ S. , Perry Lindsey H. , Wahl Jonathan L. , Brock Jennifer , Breton Elayne , Marchione Dylan M. , Ho Vincent T. , Chen Yi-Bin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Purpose:
Isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) mutations occur in 5% to 10% of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Ivosidenib is an IDH1 inhibitor, approved for use in patients with IDH1-mutated AML.

Patients and Methods:
We conducted a multicenter, phase I trial of maintenance ivosidenib following allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) in patients with IDH1-mutated AML. Ivosidenib was initiated between days 30 and 90 following HCT and continued for up to 12 28-day cycles. The first dose level was 500 mg daily, with level reduction to 250 mg daily, if needed, in a 3 × 3 de-escalation design. Ten additional patients would then receive the MTD or recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D). The primary endpoint was establishing the MTD or RP2D of ivosidenib.

Results:
Eighteen patients were enrolled, of whom 16 initiated post-HCT ivosidenib. One dose-limiting toxicity, grade(g) 3 QTc prolongation, was observed. The RP2D was established at 500 mg daily. Attributable g≥3 adverse events were uncommon, with the most common being QTc prolongation in 2 patients. Eight patients discontinued maintenance, with only one due to adverse event. Six-month cumulative incidence (CI) of gII-IV aGVHD was 6.3%, and 2-year CI of all cGVHD was 63%. Two-year CI of relapse and nonrelapse mortality (NRM) were 19% and 0%, respectively. Two-year progression-free (PFS) was 81%, and 2-year overall survival (OS) was 88%.

Conclusions:
Ivosidenib is safe and well-tolerated as maintenance therapy following HCT. Cumulative incidence of relapse and NRM, as well as estimations of PFS and OS, were promising in this phase I study.
Supplementary Figure 4 from Radiation Protection of the Gastrointestinal Tract and Growth Inhibition of Prostate Cancer Xenografts by a Single Compound
Authors: Alexeev Vitali , Lash Elizabeth , Aguillard April , Corsini Laura , Bitterman Avi , Ward Keith , Dicker Adam P. , Linnenbach Alban , Rodeck Ulrich 
Published: April 2023

<p>Supplementary Figure 4:	Effects of RTA 408 on radiation sensitivity of prostate cancer cell lines as determined by clonogenic survival assays. Cells were treated at 24 and 1 h with RTA 408 prior to IR exposure as indicated. Differences between curves were analyzed by two-way ANOVA, designating drug treatment and IR as variables. P value summaries of pair-wise comparisons between drug and vehicle treatment curves are shown.</p>