bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identifying cognitive test scores associated with early tau burden in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Terao Caitlin M. , Alexander Madeline Wood , Chalmers R. Philip , Boshmaf Silina Z. , Paterson Jane , Black Sandra E. , Papp Kathryn V. , Sperling Reisa A. , Rabin Jennifer S. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractINTRODUCTIONThis study aimed to identify cognitive tests that optimally relate to tau positron emission tomography (PET) signal in the inferior temporal cortex (ITC), a neocortical region associated with early tau accumulation in Alzheimer's disease (AD).METHODSWe analyzed cross‐sectional data from the harvard aging brain study (HABS) (n = 128) and the Anti‐Amyloid Treatment in Asymptomatic Alzheimer's (A4) study (n = 393). We used elastic net regression to identify the most robust cognitive correlates of tau PET signal in the ITC. Secondary analyses examined whether the cognitive correlates remained significantly associated with tau after adjusting for structural brain measures.RESULTSEpisodic memory measures, including both total and “process” scores, were the most robust correlates of ITC tau across both cohorts. These cognitive test scores remained significant after accounting for structural brain measures.DISCUSSIONThese findings highlight the potential of specific episodic memory test scores to detect and monitor neuropathological changes associated with early AD.Highlights
Machine learning identified cognitive correlates of early Alzheimer's disease tau burden.
Both traditional and process scores predicted early tau burden.
Episodic memory scores were among the strongest correlates.
Cognitive scores remained significant after accounting for structural brain measures.
Aerobic Exercise Prescription for Pain Reduction in Fibromyalgia: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Casanova‐Rodríguez David , Ranchal‐Sánchez Antonio , Rodríguez Rodrigo Bertoletti , Jurado‐Castro Jose Manuel 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackground and ObjectiveFibromyalgia is a condition characterised by disabling levels of pain of varying intensity. Aerobic exercise may play a role in reducing pain in these patients. The aim of this review is to assess the dose of aerobic exercise needed, based on the frequency, intensity, type, time, volume and progression (FITT‐VP) model, to obtain clinically relevant reductions in pain.Databases and Data TreatmentA systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomised clinical trials was conducted in the Web of Science (WoS), PEDro, PubMed and Scopus databases, the search having been conducted between July and October of 2023. Risk of bias was assessed with the Cochrane Risk of Bias assessment tool 2.ResultsSeventeen studies were included. The risk of bias varied, with six studies showing low risk; five, some concerns; and six, high risk. Aerobic exercise interventions were analysed using the FITT‐VP model. Frequency ranged from 1 to 10 times per week, intensity varied from light to vigorous, and the types of exercise included music‐based exercise, interval training, pool‐based exercise, stationary cycling, swimming and walking. The intervention durations ranged from 3 to 24 weeks, with session lengths ranging from 10 to 45 min. Most of the studies presented significant differences, favouring aerobic exercise (MD −0.49; CI [−0.90, −0.08; p = 0.02]), with moderate to low heterogeneity in subgroup analyses.ConclusionsThe study findings underscore the efficacy of aerobic exercise in alleviating pain among fibromyalgia patients, advocating for tailored exercise dosing to optimise adherence and outcomes.Significance StatementIndividuals with fibromyalgia should engage in aerobic exercises two to three times weekly, for twenty‐five to forty minutes in each session, aiming for more than a hundred minutes per week. They should start at low intensity, gradually increasing to higher intensities over six to twelve weeks, for optimal pain management. Exercise types should be selected in collaboration with the patient and based on personal preferences and accessibility, such as walking, and swimming, to ensure long‐term adherence to the regimen.
Challenges and Lessons Learned From Pseudo‐Dynamic Hybrid Simulations on Ductile Steel Braced Frame Systems
Authors: Mortazavi Pedram , Kwon Oh‐Sung , Christopoulos Constantin 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTPerformance‐based seismic design, which emerged more than two decades ago, requires accurate numerical models to capture the response of structural elements that undergo inelastic deformations under random loading histories. High‐fidelity benchmark test results under real natural hazards are therefore required to assist researchers and practitioners with this effort. Substructuring pseudo‐dynamic hybrid simulation (PsDHS) is an efficient, yet effective testing method for evaluating the system‐level response of structures under extreme loading scenarios, and for forming a database of high‐fidelity benchmark test results. In PsDHS, the response of the critical structural components is captured in a laboratory through physical testing and is integrated with the numerical response of the remainder of the structure in a numerical model, by establishing a communication framework between the two. The former is referred to as a physical substructure and the latter is often referred to as the integration module. Despite its efficiency and effectiveness, large‐scale hybrid simulation introduces researchers to a range of non‐trivial challenges, especially in laboratories that are new to the methodology. This paper presents challenges and lessons learned from 21 large‐scale pseudo‐dynamic hybrid simulations on different ductile steel braced frame systems including a buckling‐restrained braced frame (BRBF), a special concentrically braced frame (SCBF), a yielding brace system (YBS) equipped with cast steel yielding connectors (YCs), and eccentrically braced frames (EBFs) designed with cast steel replaceable modular yielding links (CMLs). Details for each hybrid simulation including the experimental setups, reference buildings, earthquake records, etc. along with selected results are presented. Challenges that were faced in each hybrid simulation related to hardware, the control system, integration schemes, etc., and attempted solutions are discussed. The findings from each set of hybrid simulations on each braced frame system are summarized. The experimental results are organized as a dataset in an online data repository, which is available for download. The organization of the dataset is presented to facilitate access to the experimental results. In the end, concluding remarks and visions for future research are presented.
Full‐Scale Beam‐To‐Column Subassemblage Testing for Seismic Evaluation of Deep Columns
Authors: Sepulveda Claudio , Ozkula Gulen , Mosqueda Gilberto , Uang Chia‐Ming , Chou Chung‐Che , Wang Kung‐Juin , El‐Tawil Sherif , McCormick Jason 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTSteel moment frames composed of wide‐flange steel members are commonly used in seismic regions, with deep and slender column sections often selected to economically satisfy drift limit requirements. The section slenderness makes the columns more susceptible to local and global buckling and subsequent axial shortening when subjected to combined high axial forces and lateral deformations. Numerous tests have been conducted on individual column members under a wide range of axial loads and loading patterns. Experimental data of subassembly or complete frame configurations providing insight into system level interaction of the column with the frame are more limited. To address this concern, a full‐scale testing program was conducted on four cruciform beam‐to‐column subassemblage subjected to loading patterns based on cyclic quasi‐static and slow hybrid simulation. Quasi‐static tests followed standard AISC loading protocol with constant column axial load ranging from 20% to 40% of the yield capacity. Advanced hybrid simulations subjected the specimens to realistic earthquake loading patterns to levels consistent with design basis earthquake (DBE) and maximum considered earthquake (MCE) ground motions. A full nonlinear model of a complete 6‐story frame was developed for the numerical substructure in the hybrid simulation. The observed local and global responses of two quasi‐static and two hybrid tests are presented, providing valuable data towards improving the understanding of progress of damage for these systems through advanced testing techniques.
Dynamic Analysis of a Periodic Soil‐Structure Interaction System to Reduce Ground Vibration
Authors: Nguyen Dinh‐Tuan , Lee Jin Ho 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTMetamaterials have been developed to control electromagnetic, acoustic, and elastic waves, and can also be employed to manage seismic waves. As building clusters can significantly affect ground vibrations, this study extends the concept of metamaterials to evaluate a periodic soil‐structure interaction (SSI) system capable of reducing the ground vibrations caused by seismic waves. Using the theory of SSI with Floquet–Bloch theorem, a governing equation for a unit cell in a periodic SSI system is derived with effective earthquake forces from exterior sources. The dispersion relations of the periodic SSI system are subsequently obtained, and its frequency band gaps (FBGs) for surface waves are identified. Furthermore, the dynamic stiffness of rigid foundation, on which periodic superstructures are installed, and corresponding input motion are calculated when Rayleigh surface waves are incident to the system. The results indicated that foundation input motion is significantly reduced resulting in a reduction of structural response, and the dynamic displacements of the soil surface are significantly reduced owing to the FBGs within the SSI system. Finally, a parametric study is conducted to examine the effects of clear spacing between buildings, building height, and shear wave velocity in the underlying half‐space on SSI system behavior. The results confirm that the dynamic characteristics of a periodic SSI system depend on these factors and it must be designed accordingly.
Copper Benzene‐1,3,5‐Tricarboxylate Metal‐Organic Framework Performance as a Heterogeneous Catalyst for Biodiesel Production
Authors: Lau Jason Ik C. , Khadaroo Sabeeha N. B. A. , Chew Jiuan J. , Khaerudini Deni S. , Saptoro Agus , Sunarso Jaka 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe increasing demand for sustainable fuels has driven extensive research into biodiesel production, which typically relies on the use of active catalysts to facilitate the transesterification of oils. While homogeneous catalysts are commonly employed, they pose challenges in terms of recyclability and environmental impact, leading to growing interest in heterogeneous catalysts. Among these, metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) have gained attention due to their high surface area and tuneable properties. This study investigates the performance of a copper benzene‐1,3,5‐tricarboxylate (CuBTC) MOF as an effective heterogeneous catalyst for biodiesel production. CuBTC was synthesised via solvothermal method and thoroughly characterised using scanning electron microscopy to examine the morphology, powder X‐ray diffraction to determine the crystalline structure, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to identify the functional groups. The synthesised CuBTC has an octahedral morphology and successfully catalysed biodiesel production with unsaturated fatty acids within the C16 to C18 range, achieving a yield of 78.6% using 1 wt.% CuBTC and a 10:1 methanol‐to‐oil molar ratio. The iodine value of the produced biodiesel was 59.3 g I/g, and the higher heating value was 39.2 MJ/kg. Recycled CuBTC maintained its efficacy, yielding 76.6% and 63.4% fatty acid methyl esters in the first and second recycling runs, respectively, with 16.6% and 15.3% of C16 to C18 fatty acids. The produced biodiesel met quality standards outlined in EN 14214, highlighting CuBTC's potential for sustainable biodiesel production.
Effects of Heat Transport Characteristics and Chemical Reaction in Unsteady Flow of Williamson Fluid and Entropy Generation: The Keller‐Box Numerical Scheme
Authors: Olkha Amala , Kumar Mukesh , Meena Sunil Kumar 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe study of heat and mass transport in non‐Newtonian fluid flow over a stretching surface accompanying relevant characteristics is important in several engineering and industrial processes like annealing and thinning of copper wires, aerodynamic extrusion of plastic and rubber sheet, glass fiber, and so forth. Based on significant practical applications, the objective of this investigation is to assess the time‐dependent flow of Williamson fluid influenced by porous sheet stretching in exponential manner accompanied by thermal and mass transport and entropy generation. Various factors affecting fluid flow, thermal and mass transport (viscous dissipation, non‐linear radiation, porous media, chemical reaction, and heat source) are considered. The regulating PDEs are turned into ODEs in nondimensional form utilizing adequate similarity transformation relations. The problem is solved numerically on MATLAB adopting the Keller‐Box scheme. On fluid flow, temperature, and concentration distribution the effects of relevant parameters are depicted by drawing sketches and discussed. Besides, second law analysis is also evoked in the study in terms of entropy generation accompanying the Bejan number. Moreover, quantities of physical significance such as skin friction coefficient, Sherwood number, and Nusselt number are computed, compared with prior research and found in excellent agreement. It is concluded that temperature profile magnifies due to radiation and heat generation effects. The reaction coefficient and order of the reaction exhibited opposite effects on concentration profile. It is also concluded that entropy production reduces with increasing slips and temperature difference parameter, while opposite effect is observed due to Brinkman number. Furthermore, it is observed that skin‐friction coefficient at the surface decreases with velocity slip and non‐Newtonian parameter however, trend is reversed due to unsteadiness parameter. The results of the study may find applications of practical importance in engineering fields such as designing heat exchangers, cooling processes, improving energy storage systems, and so forth.
The Disclosure Fog: Institutional Investors and Corporate Greenwashing
Authors: Zhu Fumin , Fan Haoyuan , Zheng Zunxin 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTCorporate environmental, social, and governance (ESG) disclosure is often a superficial signal rather than something of substance and is an easily negligible form of greenwashing. Here, we explore the relationship between corporate disclosure greenwashing and institutional investors using data from Chinese listed heavily polluting firms from 2012 to 2021. We hypothesise and discover that while institutional investors encourage firms to publish social responsibility reports, they may actually discourage the use of sustainability‐related phrases in these reports. The findings hold even after performing several endogeneity and robustness tests. We also identify three mechanisms through which institutional investors influence corporate greenwashing: corporate governance, information transparency, and corporate operations. Additionally, pressure‐sensitive institutional investors are more likely to facilitate corporate greenwashing than pressure‐insensitive and pressure‐uncertain investors. However, after the Guidance on Building Green Financial System's implementation in 2016, the positive relationship between disclosure greenwashing and institutional investors has rapidly declined. The promotional effect of institutional investor‐induced greenwashing is also lower in state‐owned enterprises. Overall, our findings not only enrich the literature on institutional investors and corporate information disclosure but also have implications for improving the green financial system.
Zerumbone Induces Apoptosis in Non‐Small‐Cell Lung Cancer via Biomolecular Alterations: A Microscopic and Spectroscopic Study
Authors: Köprü Çağla Zübeyde , Baba Burcu , Yonar Dilek 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTZerumbone is a sesquiterpene phytochemical with cytotoxic activity against cancer. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of zerumbone on cell viability by WST‐1 test, apoptosis by TUNEL, lipid peroxidation markers (malondialdehyde, MDA, and 4‐hydroxynonenal, HNE) by using assay kits, and biomolecular changes by ATR‐FTIR spectroscopy in A549 cells. After zerumbone (0–100 μM) incubation for 24, 48, and 72 h, the number of TUNEL‐positive cells was found to be higher in zerumbone‐treated cells than in controls, in consistent with cell morphology results. MDA levels increased significantly, although HNE levels increased non‐significantly in zerumbone‐treated cells. Spectral analyses revealed that the zerumbone‐treated groups had higher levels of total saturated and unsaturated lipids as well as comparatively shorter‐chain lipids. On the contrary, reduced RNA/DNA ratio, total nucleic acid, and protein content were found in zerumbone‐treated groups. Consequently, zerumbone‐induced apoptosis was accompanied by increased aldehyde products during lipid peroxidation as well as biomolecular alterations.
Characterization of Renal OAT3 and Hepatic CYP3A Activities in Pregnant Women with Acute Pyelonephritis Using the Endogenous Biomarker Cortisol and 6β‐Hydroxycortisol
Authors: Ximenez João Paulo Bianchi , Benzi Jhohann Richard de Lima , Colombari Julia Cristina , Thomaz Matheus de Lucca , Rocha Adriana , Rabelo e Silva Ana Cláudia , dos Santos Melli Patrícia Pereira , Duarte Geraldo , Lanchote Vera Lucia 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis study evaluates the impact of acute pyelonephritis in pregnant women on the in vivo activity of renal OAT3 using the endogenous biomarker (EB) 6β‐hydroxycortisol (6β‐OHF) renal clearance (CLrenal 6β‐OHF) and AUC6β‐OHF validated by correlating with the secretion clearance (CLsec) of the probe drug furosemide. Additionally, 6β‐OHF formation clearance (CLformation 6β‐OHF) as well as urinary (Ae6β‐OHF/AeF) and plasma (AUC6βOHF/AUCF) ratios were also evaluated as EB for hepatic CYP3A activity. Pregnant women in their third trimester of gestation, diagnosed with acute pyelonephritis, were recruited before (pre‐treatment, n = 8) and after (post‐treatment, n = 8) cefuroxime treatment and resolution of acute pyelonephritis. All participants received a single dose of furosemide 40 mg for evaluation of OAT3 in vivo activity on both occasions followed by collection of urine and serial blood samples for 24 h. The CLrenal 6β‐OHF (geometric mean and 95% CI) increased from 1.81 L/h (0.86‐3.83) to 11.82 L/h (6.58‐21.24), whereas the AUC6β‐OHF decreased from 44.85 ng h/mL (30.96‐64.98) to 24.20 ng h/mL (16.05‐36.48) pre‐ and post‐treatment. Significant statistical correlations were observed between furosemide CLsec and CLrenal 6β‐OHF (R = 0.88, P = .01) and AUC6β‐OHF (R = −0.66, P > .001). Additionally, the CLformation 6β‐OHF was lower in pre‐treatment 26.81 L/h (10.18‐70.59) than in post‐treatment 96.18 L/h (64.21‐144.09), whereas AUC6βOHF/AUCF ratios were decreased from 0.014 (0.010‐0.019) pre‐treatment to 0.009 (0.006‐0.013) post‐treatment. Regarding Ae6β‐OHF/AeF ratios, no differences were observed between pre‐treatment and post‐treatment. In conclusion, CLrenal 6β‐OHF evaluates renal OAT3 activity when CYP3A is inhibited, whereas CLformation 6β‐OHF evaluates hepatic CYP3A when OAT3 is inhibited, such as in pregnant women with acute pyelonephritis.
Pollen Morphology of Gentiana L. (Gentianaceae) in Türkiye
Authors: Şeker Erkan , Çiçek Mehmet 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis study investigates the pollen morphology of 13 taxa of Turkish Gentiana using a statistical approach, contributing to their taxonomy. The aim is to elucidate the palynological characteristics of the taxa and to reveal their contributions to the systematic understanding of the genus Gentiana. The pollen grains are monad, radially symmetrical, isopolar, and tricolporate. The shapes of pollen grains are mostly oblate‐spheroidal, occasionally subprolate, and rarely spheroidal. The polar axis ranges from 27.92 to 35.80 μm, the equatorial axis 25.33 to 35.42 μm. The ornamentation type is mostly observed as striate‐perforate; however, striate‐reticulate, striate, rugulate, reticulate, and rugulate‐perforate types have also been observed. The result of numerical analyzes showed that Turkish Gentiana were divided into three groups. The results of PCA analysis, correlated with 84.2% ratio, showed that pollen characters grouped into three principal component. According to PCA analysis, the pollen characters to be used for cluster analysis were determined. Equatorial axis, Clt, Plg, pore diameter, mesocolpium, and apocolpium of the measured pollens are in the first principal component (explains 53.4%). Polar axis, Clg, p/e of the pollen characters are in the second principal component (explains 20.4%). Exine, intine, and Clg/Clt are in the third principal component (explains 10.4%). In conclusion, ornamentation type, polar axis, Clg, Clt, pore diameter, intine, exine, and mesocolpium have been identified as significant and distinguishing characters in taxonomy. Our results support the close relationship among some taxa (i.e., G. gelida and G. boissieri, G. verna subspecies, G. pyrenaica, and G. aquatica).
The efficacy and safety of intrinsic antitachycardia pacing
Authors: Onuki Koumei , Nagashima Michio , Fukunaga Masato , Misonou Keigo , Kuroda Maiko , Kono Hiroyuki , Katsuki Tomonori , Kuji Rei , Korai Kengo , Hiroshima Kenichi , Ando Kenji 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundThe clinical outcomes of a novel antitachycardia pacing (ATP) algorithm—intrinsic ATP (iATP)—compared to conventional ATP (cATP) have yet to be fully elucidated.MethodsThis retrospective study analyzed 128 patients and 1962 ventricular tachycardia (VT) episodes treated with the iATP or the cATP at Kokura Memorial Hospital. Patients were categorized into two groups: the iATP group (23 patients, 182 episodes) and the cATP group (105 patients, 1780 episodes). We evaluated ATP success rates and baseline patient characteristics on a per‐patient basis. Additionally, we extracted VT that were not terminated by a single ATP and compared ATP success rates using propensity score matching.ResultsPer patient; The iATP group exhibited significantly lower creatinine levels (1.18 ± 0.40 mg/dL vs. 1.82 ± 1.61 mg/dL, p = .021) and a shorter follow‐up period (609 ± 323 days vs. 1017 ± 252 days, p < .001) compared to the cATP group. ATP success was observed in 19 patients in the iATP group and 62 patients in the cATP group (82.6% vs. 59%, p = .054). Per episode; there was no significant difference in ATP success rate (91.8% vs. 92.7%, p = .645) or in acceleration rate (1.1% vs. 2.4%, p = .274). However, when limited to episodes in which VT was not terminated by a single ATP and propensity score matching was performed, the iATP showed a higher VT termination rate (84.1% vs. 53.6%, p < .001) and a lower acceleration rate (0% vs. 10.1%, p = .013) than the cATP.ConclusionsThe efficacy and safety of the iATP for VT that was not terminated by the first sequence of ATP was demonstrated.