bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A search for transient, monochromatic light from the Galactic plane
Authors: Marcy Geoffrey W , Tellis Nathaniel K 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT
The Galactic plane was searched for transient, monochromatic light at optical and near-IR wavelengths to detect pulses shorter than 1 s. An objective-prism Schmidt telescope of 0.28-m aperture and a CMOS camera were used to observe 973 square deg, with 8864 exposures of 1-s each, within a strip 2.1 deg wide along the Galactic plane, from Galactic longitude −4 deg to +248 deg. All exposures were analysed for transient, monochromatic sources using a ‘difference image’ algorithm that yielded 11 candidate sources. All 11 sources were found to be associated with either astrophysical emission-line objects or aircraft with subsecond blinking lights. Our survey ‘rediscovered’ many Wolf–Rayet stars, M dwarf flare stars, and planetary nebulae. It also identified an aircraft, of unknown type, that apparently had a nearly monochromatic lamp and a xenon lamp. This survey would have revealed optical and near-IR pulses having a power of ∼180 GW (wavelength dependent) if emitted by a 10-m aperture laser located 1 kiloparsec away. These non-detections of laser pulses from the Galactic plane, including a 10-deg region towards the Galactic centre, add to the non-detections from more than 5000 nearby stars. Indeed, all-sky surveys for emission-line objects (e.g. ionized gas, supernovae remnants, and active galactic nuclei) would have revealed lasers of a wide range of average brightness, wavelength, and cadence. The absence of beacons reveals more of a SETI desert, notably at the intensely surveyed optical and radio wavelengths.
The role of cooling induced by mixing in the mass and energy cycles of the solar atmosphere
Authors: Hillier Andrew , Snow Ben , Arregui Iñigo 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT
In many astrophysical systems, mixing between cool and hot temperature gas/plasma through Kelvin–Helmholtz-instability-driven turbulence leads to the formation of an intermediate temperature phase with increased radiative losses that drive efficient cooling. The solar atmosphere is a potential site for this process to occur with interaction between either prominence or spicule material and the solar corona allowing the development of transition region material with enhanced radiative losses. In this paper, we derive a set of equations to model the evolution of such a mixing layer and make predictions for the mixing-driven cooling rate and the rate at which mixing can lead to the condensation of the coronal material. These theoretical predictions are benchmarked against 2.5D MHD simulations. Applying the theoretical scalings to prominence threads or fading spicules, we found that as a mixing layer grows on their boundaries this would lead to the creation of transition region material with a cooling time of ∼100 s, explaining the warm emission observed as prominence threads or spicules fade in cool spectral lines without the requirement for any heating. For quiescent prominences, dynamic condensation driven by the mixing process could restore ∼18 per cent of the mass lost from a prominence through downflows. Overall, this mechanism of thermal energy loss through radiative losses induced by mixing highlights the importance for considering dynamical interaction between material at different temperatures when trying to understand the thermodynamic evolution of the cool material in the solar corona.
The star formation history and the nature of the mass–metallicity relation of passive galaxies at 1.0 &lt;z&lt; 1.4 from VANDELS
Authors: Saracco P , Barbera F La , De Propris R , Bevacqua D , Marchesini D , De Lucia G , Fontanot F , Hirschmann M , Nonino M , Pasquali A , Spiniello C , Tortora C 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACTWe derived stellar ages and metallicities [Z/H] for ∼70 passive early-type galaxies (ETGs) selected from VANDELS survey over the redshift range 1.0 &lt; z &lt; 1.4 and stellar mass range 10 &lt; log(M*/M⊙) &lt; 11.6. We find significant systematics in their estimates depending on models and wavelength ranges considered. Using the full-spectrum fitting technique, we find that both [Z/H] and age increase with mass as for local ETGs. Age and metallicity sensitive spectral indices independently confirm these trends. According to EMILES models, for 67 per cent of the galaxies we find [Z/H] &gt; 0.0, a percentage which rises to ∼90 per cent for log(M*/M⊙) &gt; 11 where the mean metallicity is [Z/H] = 0.17 ± 0.1. A comparison with homogeneous measurements at similar and lower redshift does not show any metallicity evolution over the redshift range 0.0 &lt; z &lt; 1.4. The derived star formation (SF) histories show that the stellar mass fraction formed at early epoch increases with the mass of the galaxy. Galaxies with log(M*/M⊙) &gt; 11.0 host stellar populations with [Z/H] &gt; 0.05, formed over short time-scales (Δt50 &lt; 1 Gyr) at early epochs (tform &lt; 2 Gyr), implying high star formation rates (SFR &gt; 100 M⊙ yr−1) in high-mass density regions (log(Σ1kpc) &gt; 10 M⊙/kpc2). This sharp picture tends to blur at lower masses: log(M*/M⊙) ∼ 10.6 galaxies can host either old stars with [Z/H] &lt; 0.0 or younger stars with [Z/H] &gt; 0.0, depending on the duration (Δt50) of the SF. The relations between galaxy mass, age, and metallicities are therefore largely set up ab initio as part of the galaxy formation process. Mass, SFR, and SF time-scale all contribute to shape up the stellar mass–metallicity relation with the mass that modulates metals retention.
Grid-based simulations of polar circumbinary discs: polar alignment and vortex formation
Authors: Rabago Ian , Zhu Zhaohuan , Martin Rebecca G , Lubow Stephen H 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT
We describe the first grid-based simulations of the polar alignment of a circumbinary disc. We simulate the evolution of an inclined disc around an eccentric binary using the grid-based code athena++ . The use of a grid-based numerical code allows us to explore lower disc viscosities than have been examined in previous studies. We find that the disc aligns to a polar orientation when the α viscosity is high, while discs with lower viscosity nodally precess with little alignment over 1000 binary orbital periods. The time-scales for polar alignment and disc precession are compared as a function of disc viscosity, and are found to be in agreement with previous studies. At very low disc viscosities (e.g. α = 10−5), anticyclonic vortices are observed along the inner edge of the disc. These vortices can persist for thousands of binary orbits, creating azimuthally localized overdensities and multiple pairs of spiral arms. The vortex is formed at ∼3–4 times the binary semimajor axis, close to the inner edge of the disc, and orbits at roughly the local Keplerian speed. The presence of a vortex in the disc may play an important role in the evolution of circumbinary systems, such as driving episodic accretion and accelerating the formation of polar circumbinary planets.
Transit timing variation analysis of the low-mass brown dwarf KELT-1 b
Authors: Baştürk Ö , Southworth J , Yalçınkaya S , Mancini L , Esmer E M , Tekin M , Tezcan F , Evans D F , Tezcan C T , Bruni I , Yeşilyaprak C 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT
We investigate whether there is a variation in the orbital period of the short-period brown dwarf-mass KELT-1 b, which is one of the best candidates to observe orbital decay. We obtain 19 high-precision transit light curves of the target using six different telescopes. We add all precise and complete transit light curves from open databases and the literature, as well as the available Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) observations from sectors 17 and 57, to form a transit timing variation (TTV) diagram spanning more than 10 yr of observations. The analysis of the TTV diagram, however, is inconclusive in terms of a secular or periodic variation, hinting that the system might have synchronized. We update the transit ephemeris and determine an informative lower limit for the reduced tidal quality parameter of its host star of Q$_{\star }^{\prime } \gt (8.5 \pm 3.9) \times 10^{6}$ assuming that the stellar rotation is not yet synchronized. Using our new photometric observations, published light curves, the TESS data, archival radial velocities, and broadband magnitudes, we also update the measured parameters of the system. Our results are in good agreement with those found in previous analyses.
MeV neutrino flash from neutron star mergers viar-process nucleosynthesis
Authors: Chen Meng-Hua , Hu Rui-Chong , Liang En-Wei 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDetection of kilonova AT2017gfo proves that binary neutron star mergers can be the dominant contributor to the production of heavy elements in our Universe. Neutrinos from the radioactive decay of heavy elements would be the most direct messengers of merger ejecta. Based on r-process nucleosynthesis calculations, we study the neutrinos emitted from the β-decay of r-process elements and find that about half of the β-decay energy is carried away by neutrinos. The neutrino energy generation rate remains approximately constant at the early stage (t ≲ 1 s) and then decays as a power-law function with an index of −1.3. This powers a short-lived fast neutrino burst with a peak luminosity of ∼1049 erg s−1 in the early stage. Observation of neutrinos from neutron star mergers will be an important step towards understanding the properties of extremely neutron-rich nuclei and r-process nucleosynthesis, since the dominant contribution to the early time neutrino production is from nuclides near the r-process path. The typical neutrino energy is ≲8 MeV, which is within the energy ranges of the water-Cherenkov neutrino detectors such as Super-Kamiokande and future Hyper-Kamiokande, but the extremely low neutrino flux and event rate in our local Universe challenge the detection of the neutrino flashes.
Relating galaxies across different redshift to study galaxy evolution
Authors: Wang Kai , Mo Houjun , Li Cheng , Chen Yangyao 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT
We propose a general framework leveraging the galaxy–halo connection to link galaxies observed at different redshift in a statistical way, and use the link to infer the redshift evolution of the galaxy population. Our tests based on hydrodynamic simulations show that our method can accurately recover the stellar mass assembly histories up to z ∼ 3 for present star-forming and quiescent galaxies down to 1010 h−1 M⊙. Applying the method to observational data shows that the stellar mass evolution of the main progenitors of galaxies depends strongly on the properties of descendants, such as stellar mass, halo mass, and star formation states. Galaxies hosted by low-mass groups/haloes at the present time have since z ∼ 1.8 grown their stellar mass ∼2.5 times as fast as those hosted by massive clusters. This dependence on host halo mass becomes much weaker for descendant galaxies with similar star formation states. Star-forming galaxies grow about 2–4 times faster than their quiescent counterparts since z ∼ 1.8. Both TNG and EAGLE simulations overpredict the progenitor stellar mass at z &gt; 1, particularly for low-mass descendants.
Bidirectional Movement of Emerging H5N8 Avian Influenza Viruses Between Europe and Asia via Migratory Birds Since Early 2020
Authors: Zhang Guogang , Li Bingying , Raghwani Jayna , Vrancken Bram , Jia Ru , Hill Sarah C , Fournié Guillaume , Cheng Yanchao , Yang Qiqi , Wang Yuxin , Wang Zengmiao , Dong Lu , Pybus Oliver G , Tian Huaiyu 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Migratory birds play a critical role in the rapid spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N8 virus clade 2.3.4.4 across Eurasia. Elucidating the timing and pattern of virus transmission is essential therefore for understanding the spatial dissemination of these viruses. In this study, we surveyed &gt;27,000 wild birds in China, tracked the year-round migration patterns of 20 bird species across China since 2006, and generated new HPAI H5N8 virus genomic data. Using this new data set, we investigated the seasonal transmission dynamics of HPAI H5N8 viruses across Eurasia. We found that introductions of HPAI H5N8 viruses to different Eurasian regions were associated with the seasonal migration of wild birds. Moreover, we report a backflow of HPAI H5N8 virus lineages from Europe to Asia, suggesting that Europe acts as both a source and a sink in the global HPAI virus transmission network.
Relationships between Type 1 interferon signatures and clinical features of the new-onset lupus patients in Japan
Authors: Shirahama Yuri , Hashimoto Aki , Ono Nobuyuki , Takeyama Yukiko , Maruyama Akihito , Inoue Takuya , Tada Yoshifumi , Niiro Hiroaki 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT

Objectives
The objective of the study is to investigate the relationships between Type 1 interferon (T1-IFN) signatures and clinical characteristics of lupus patients.

Methods
We examined 49 new-onset lupus patients who were diagnosed between 1999 and 2017. The patients treated with &gt;10 mg of prednisolone or hydroxychloroquine were excluded from this study. Serum T1-IFN signatures were revealed by a functional reporter assay and standardized by recombinant IFN-α. Patient backgrounds, clinical findings, and treatments were retrospectively extracted from their electrical medical records. Clinical data were also available, including SLE Disease Activity Index of SLE patients on admission.

Results
T1-IFN signatures of lupus patients closely correlated with lupus disease activities, such as SLE Disease Activity Index-2K, white blood cell, C3 levels, and the titre of double-strand DNA antibody. We found fever and acute lupus dermatitis closely associated with T1-IFN signature.

Conclusions
In lupus patients, fever and acute lupus dermatitis are good indicators of a strong T1-IFN signature.
Causes and consequences of endogenous hypoxia on growth and metabolism of developing maize kernels
Authors: Langer Matthias , Hilo Alexander , Guan Jiahn-Chou , Koch Karen E , Xiao Hui , Verboven Pieter , Gündel Andre , Wagner Steffen , Ortleb Stefan , Radchuk Volodymyr , Mayer Simon , Nicolai Bart , Borisjuk Ljudmilla , Rolletschek Hardy 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Maize (Zea mays) kernels are the largest cereal grains, and their endosperm is severely oxygen deficient during grain fill. The causes, dynamics, and mechanisms of acclimation to hypoxia are minimally understood. Here, we demonstrate that hypoxia develops in the small, growing endosperm, but not the nucellus, and becomes the standard state, regardless of diverse structural and genetic perturbations in modern maize (B73, popcorn, sweet corn), mutants (sweet4c, glossy6, waxy), and non-domesticated wild relatives (teosintes and Tripsacum species). We also uncovered an interconnected void space at the chalazal pericarp, providing superior oxygen supply to the placental tissues and basal endosperm transfer layer. Modeling indicated a very high diffusion resistance inside the endosperm, which, together with internal oxygen consumption, could generate steep oxygen gradients at the endosperm surface. Manipulation of oxygen supply induced reciprocal shifts in gene expression implicated in controlling mitochondrial functions (23.6 kDa Heat-Shock Protein, Voltage-Dependent Anion Channel 2) and multiple signaling pathways (core hypoxia genes, cyclic nucleotide metabolism, ethylene synthesis). Metabolite profiling revealed oxygen-dependent shifts in mitochondrial pathways, ascorbate metabolism, starch synthesis, and auxin degradation. Long-term elevated oxygen supply enhanced the rate of kernel development. Altogether, evidence here supports a mechanistic framework for the establishment of and acclimation to hypoxia in the maize endosperm.
Dysbiosis of gut microbiota, a potential mediator of bile acid compositions, and prevalence of hand synovitis: a community-based study
Authors: Jiang Ting , Yang Zidan , Zhang Yuqing , Zhang Weiya , Doherty Michael , Li Hui , Yang Tuo , Yang Yuanheng , Li Jiatian , Wang Yuqing , Zeng Chao , Lei Guanghua , Wei Jie 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectivesHand synovitis, a potentially modifiable pathological lesion, is common and associated with pain and hand OA; nevertheless, its pathogenesis remains uncertain. This study investigated the relationship between gut microbiota dysbiosis and hand synovitis prevalence and evaluated whether bile acids mediate the association.MethodsParticipants were derived from a community-based observational study. Synovitis in each hand joint was assessed using US. Gut microbiota was evaluated using 16S ribosomal RNA amplicon sequencing on faeces, and plasma bile acids were measured by HPLC mass spectrometry. We examined the relationship between gut microbiota dysbiosis and hand synovitis prevalence, as well as the extent to which bile acids were involved in the association.ResultsAmong 1336 participants (mean age: 63.2 years; women: 58.8%), 18.3% had prevalent hand synovitis (unilateral in 13.6% and bilateral in 4.7%). β-diversity, but not α-diversity, of gut microbiota was significantly associated with prevalent hand synovitis. Higher relative abundance of the genus Prevotella and lower relative abundance of the genus Blautia were significantly associated with the prevalence of hand synovitis. Similar associations were also observed for laterality and the number of joints affected by hand synovitis. The association between Prevotella and hand synovitis was partially mediated through its effect on tauroursodeoxycholic acid and glycoursodeoxycholic acid, the mediation proportions being 25.7% and 21.6%, respectively.ConclusionOur findings suggest that gut microbiota dysbiosis is associated with the prevalence of hand synovitis. Such an association appears to be partially mediated by plasma bile acids.
Familial risk of seropositive rheumatoid arthritis and interaction with smoking: a population-based cohort study
Authors: Kim Hyun Jung , Swan Heather , Kazmi Sayada Zartasha , Hong Gahwi , Kim Young Shin , Choi Seeun , Kang Taeuk , Cha Jaewoo , Eom Jungmin , Hann Hoo Jae , Choi In Ah , Ahn Hyeong Sik 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Objectives
We evaluated the familial risk of seropositive rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and examined interactions between family history and smoking.

Methods
Using the National Health Insurance and Health Screening Program databases, which include information on familial relationships and lifestyle factors, we identified 5 524 403 individuals with first-degree relatives (FDRs) from 2002–2018. We calculated familial risk using hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% CIs which compare the risk of individuals with and without affected FDRs. Interactions between smoking and family history were assessed on an additive scale using the relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI).

Results
Individuals with affected FDR had 4.52-fold (95% CI 3.98, 5.12) increased risk of disease compared with those with unaffected FDR. Familial risk adjusted for lifestyle factors decreased slightly (HR 4.49), suggesting that a genetic contribution is the predominant driver in the familial aggregation of RA. Smoking was associated with an increased risk of disease that was more pronounced among heavy (HR 1.92 95% CI 1.70, 2.18) compared with moderate (HR 1.15 95% CI 1.04, 1.28) smoking. In the interaction analysis, the risk associated with the combined effect of smoking and family history was higher than the sum of their individual effects, though statistically non-significant (RERI 1.30 95% CI ‒0.92, 3.51). Heavy smokers with a positive family history showed a prominent interaction (RERI 4.13 95% CI ‒0.88, 9.13) which exceeded moderate smokers (RERI 0.61 95% CI ‒1.90, 3.13), suggesting a dose-response interaction pattern.

Conclusion
Our findings indicate the possibility of an interaction between RA-associated genes and smoking.
The leukotriene B4/BLT1‐dependent neutrophil accumulation exacerbates immune complex‐mediated glomerulonephritis
Authors: Shioda Ryotaro , Jo‐Watanabe Airi , Okuno Toshiaki , Saeki Kazuko , Nakayama Maiko , Suzuki Yusuke , Yokomizo Takehiko 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCrescent formation is the most important pathological finding that defines the prognosis of nephritis. Although neutrophils are known to play an important role in the progression of crescentic glomerulonephritis, such as anti‐neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)‐associated glomerulonephritis, the key chemoattractant for neutrophils in ANCA‐associated glomerulonephritis has not been identified. Here, we demonstrate that a lipid chemoattractant, leukotriene B4 (LTB4), and its receptor BLT1 are primarily involved in disease pathogenesis in a mouse model of immune complex‐mediated crescentic glomerulonephritis. Circulating neutrophils accumulated into glomeruli within 1 h after disease onset, which was accompanied by LTB4 accumulation in the kidney cortex, leading to kidney injury. LTB4 was produced by cross‐linking of Fc gamma receptors on neutrophils. Mice deficient in BLT1 or LTB4 biosynthesis exhibited suppressed initial neutrophil infiltration and subsequent thrombotic glomerulonephritis and renal fibrosis. Depletion of neutrophils before, but not after, disease onset prevented proteinuria and kidney injury, indicating the essential role of neutrophils in the early phase of glomerulonephritis. Administration of a BLT1 antagonist before and after disease onset almost completely suppressed induction of glomerulonephritis. Finally, we found that the glomeruli from patients with ANCA‐associated glomerulonephritis contained more BLT1‐positive cells than glomeruli from patients with other etiologies. Taken together, the LTB4‐BLT1 axis is the key driver of neutrophilic glomerular inflammation, and will be a novel therapeutic target for the crescentic glomerulonephritis.
Facilitators and Barriers to the Use of Outcome Measures by Certified Lymphedema Therapists
Authors: Doubblestein David Aaron , Spinelli Bryan A. , Goldberg Allon , Larson Cathy A. , Yorke Amy M. 
Published: January 2023

Background:
Various outcome measures (OMs) have been used with individuals with breast cancer–related lymphedema (BCRL). There have not been studies investigating the facilitators and barriers to the use of OMs by certified lymphedema therapists (CLTs) on BCRL. The purposes of this study was to (1) identify facilitators and barriers for use of OMs reported by CLTs and (2) investigate the association of personal and professional characteristics of CLTs and their knowledge or beliefs about OMs.

Methods:
Cross-sectional online survey research design. Electronic surveys were distributed to CLTs from various institutions. Data from 70 physical therapists and 41 occupational therapists were analyzed. Point-biserial correlations examined associations and logistic regression examined predictors to OMs facilitators and barriers.

Results:
Certified lymphedema therapists agreed that OMs help direct a plan of care (90.1%), improve quality of care (76.6%), and determine the efficacy of their intervention on BCRL (72.7%). Certified lymphedema therapists reported difficulty knowing the best OM to choose due to numerous options (67.3%). Barriers for OMs included lack of knowledge and time, availability in workplace, and personal preferences. Characteristics associated with barriers and facilitators were few and poorly correlated.

Conclusion:
Certified lymphedema therapists agree on the benefits of and to the use of OMs, however, physical therapist CLTs may value the use of OMs less than occupational therapists. Certified lymphedema therapists experience barriers to use of OMs related to lack of knowledge and implementation skills. Further guidance is needed in selecting OMs for breast cancer survivors with BCRL to reduce barriers to their use.