bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
(GγAγδβ)0$({}^{\rm G}{\gamma}{}^{\rm A}{\gamma}\delta\beta)^0$‐Thalassemia: Report of two cases in a family
Authors: Tomiyama Mana , Takayama Saki , Konno Hiroko , Murakoshi Takeshi , Koga Masafumi , Nakamura Momoko , Yamashiro Yasuhiro , Matsubayashi Tadashi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCase 1 presented with severe anemia and received an intrauterine blood cell transfusion at 33 weeks of gestation. The anemia spontaneously improved in early infancy. Case 2, the father of Case 1, had an uneventful birth with no evidence of anemia, though microcytic anemia was observed during childhood. The genetic analysis of the β‐globin gene cluster identified a novel heterozygous deletion of DNA extending from the Gγ‐globin gene downstream to the β‐globin gene, confirming a diagnosis of (GγAγδβ)0‐thalassemia. In cases where thalassemia is suspected based on blood tests, a genetic diagnosis should be performed for the sake of the offspring.
Enhancement of laser ignitibility of insensitive energetic materials (FOX‐7)
Authors: Fang Xiao , Stennett Christopher , Gaulter Sally 
Published: September 2023

AbstractExperimental investigation into the feasibility of optically sensitising an insensitive explosive, FOX‐7 (1,1‐Diamino‐2,2‐dinitroethene) by the doping of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) has been conducted. The commercially available GNPs were specifically designed in their particle shape and size to strongly absorb at the wavelength of the igniting laser (808 nm). The laser ignitibility of FOX‐7 was significantly increased as the GNPs efficiently converted the absorbed energy into the heat. The laser ignitibility of such optically sensitised FOX‐7 and the detonation capability of the laser initiator devices designed for the study were evaluated. Based on the evaluation of the initiator's output in term of impact pressure, it was shown that an GNPs doped FOX‐7 based laser slapper initiator was able to detonate a secondary explosive.
Regular Charged Black Holes, Energy Conditions, and Quasinormal Modes
Authors: Balart Leonardo , Panotopoulos Grigoris , Rincón Ángel 
Published: September 2023

AbstractEnergy conditions and quasinormal modes (QNMs) for scalar perturbations of regular charged black holes within the framework of General Relativity coupled to non‐linear electrodynamics (NLE) are discussed. The frequencies are computed numerically adopting the WKB method, while in the eikonal limit an analytic expression for the spectra is obtained. The impact of the electric charge, the angular degree, and the overtone number on the spectra is investigated in detail. All frequencies are characterized by a negative imaginary part, and that each type of energy conditions imply a different quasinormal spectrum are found.
The February 2021 Winter Storm and its impact on Texas infrastructure: Lessons for communities, emergency managers, and first responders
Authors: Chand Melvina , McEntire David 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis article explores why Texas infrastructure failed during the February 2021 winter storm and discusses the rippling effects it had on governments, emergency managers, first responders, and the public. A qualitative approach was used for this study and was based primarily on interviews that were conducted with 29 individuals to understand the nature of the disaster and discover subsequent actions that took place. Research also incorporated news articles that discussed firsthand accounts taken from members of the public along with government documents that evaluated the impact and response to the disaster. The research discusses ERCOT's efforts to keep infrastructure operational for the public and reveals that emergency managers and first responders were left with insufficient information and resources while Texas was under a state of emergency. The article conveys what was done at the local, state, and federal levels and it also highlights successes and failures of the response. The article offers insight on lessons learned about infrastructure and provides recommendations to mitigate and prepare for complex disaster situations that are likely occur in the future.
Dynamics of interdisciplinarity: a microlevel analysis of communication and facilitation in a group model‐building workshop
Authors: Zimmermann Nici , Curran Katherine 
Published: September 2023

AbstractParticipatory system dynamics is assumed to generate inter‐ and transdisciplinary understanding and whole‐system perspectives via scripted workshop structure, facilitation, and the use of visual boundary objects. However, there is little research into how exactly workshop activities and facilitators affect communication dynamics during a workshop and create an interdisciplinary perspective. Thus, we offer an innovative dynamic understanding via a rare microlevel analysis of facilitation and dynamics of communication and interdisciplinarity in a group model‐building workshop. We investigate how the conversation focus unfolds over time and examine in depth disciplinary transitions as well as the facilitator's role. We also analyse participants' perceptions of interdisciplinarity from the workshop and provide a research framework for workshop microlevel analysis. Based on the workshop's heritage science setting, we discuss the recursive nature of generating joint meaning and the use of participatory system dynamics for managing interdisciplinarity in a research project and make recommendations. © 2023 The Authors. System Dynamics Review published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of System Dynamics Society.
Recent Progress in Synthesis of Sulfonamides and N‐Acylsulfonamides, Biological Applications and Their Structure‐Activity Relationship (SAR) Studies
Authors: Berredjem Malika , Bouchareb Fouzia , Djouad Seif‐Eddine , Bouasla Radia , Bahadi Rania , Redjemia Rayenne , Boussaker Meriem , Dekir Ali 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn recent years, sulfonamide and N‐acylsulfonamide have emerged as prominent areas of scientific research across multiple fields, including chemistry, biology, and medicine. The large number of drugs and lead compounds reported in recent literature evidences the growing interest in these derivatives. Chemists are increasingly intrigued by these molecules owing to their seemingly limitless potential to serve as preferred molecules for numerous applications. Consequently, powerful activities are needed to think of new efficacious therapeutic agents, and it is imperative to discover novel synthetic analogs towards bacterial targets. Advancements in medicinal chemistry have focused on the development of novel sulfonamide and NAS‐bearing analogs that are less harmful, exhibit minimum side‐effort and enhanced dynamic properties. These advanced research areas are currently at the forefront of scientific inquiry. This present review elucidates the contemporary advancements in sulfonamide and N‐acylsulfonamide derivatives, which exhibit diverse and promising pharmacological activities. The different aspects of structure‐activity relationship (SAR) were discussed.
Enhanced Photoluminescence Quantum Yield of Metal Halide Perovskite Microcrystals for Multiple Optoelectronic Applications
Authors: Tang Haitao , Jia Zhenglin , Xu Yalun , Liu Yong , Lin Qianqian 
Published: September 2023

AbstractRecently, metal 1halide perovskites have shown compelling optoelectronic properties for both light‐emitting devices and scintillation of ionizing radiation. However, conventional lead‐based metal halide perovskites are still suffering from poor material stability and relatively low X‐ray light yield. This work reports cadmium‐based all‐inorganic metal halides and systematically investigates the influence of the metal ion incorporation on the optoelectronic properties. This work introduces the bi‐metal ion incorporation strategy and successfully enhances the photoluminescence quantum yield (98.9%), improves thermal stability, and extends the photoluminescence spectra, which show great potential for white light emission. In addition, the photoluminescent decay is also modulated with single metal ion incorporation, the charge carrier lifetime is successfully reduced to less than 1 µs, and the high luminescent efficiency and X‐ray light yield (41 000 photons MeV−1) are maintained. Then, these fast scintillators are demonstrated for high‐speed light communication and sensitive X‐ray detection and imaging.
Perovskite Solar Cells Based on Polymerized Chlorophyll Films as Environmentally Friendly Hole‐Transporting Layers
Authors: Liu Ziyan , Zhang Chao , Yang Lin , Xiang Tianfu , Li Na , Li Aijun , Sun Yuting , Ren Hangchen , Sasaki Shin‐ichi , Miyasaka Tsutomu , Wang Xiao‐Feng 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHole‐transporting layers (HTLs) play a crucial role in the performance of inverted, p‐i‐n perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Chlorophylls (Chls) are naturally abundant organic photoconductors on earth, with good charge carrier mobility and appropriate Fermi energy levels that make them promising candidates for use in photovoltaic devices. However, Chls films prepared using the solution method exhibit lower carrier mobility compared to other organic polymer films, which limits their application in PSCs. To address this issue, Chls molecules are chemically linked to reduce the charge transfer barrier, thus the transfer of charges between molecules is transformed to intramolecular charge transfer. This study synthesizes and characterizes two polymerized Chl films, PolyCuChl and PolyNiChl, as HTLs of CH3NH3PbI3‐based PSCs. PSCs based on the electrochemical polymerization of PolyChl HTLs demonstrate an enhanced power conversion efficiency (PCE) of up to 19.0%, which is the highest efficiency among devices based on Chl materials. Furthermore, these devices demonstrated exceptional long‐term stability. These results highlight the potential of polymerized Chl films as a viable alternative to conventional HTLs in PSCs. The approach utilizes abundant, environmentally friendly, and versatile Chl derivatives, and can be extended to develop next‐generation HTL materials for improved PSC performance.
Global research on nuclear energy in the context of health and environmental risks, considering economic interests
Authors: Klingelhöfer Doris , Braun Markus , Oremek Gerhard M. , Brüggmann Dörthe , Groneberg David A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe question of whether nuclear energy—as a source with relatively low carbon dioxide emissions—can be classified as a sustainable energy source has come into focus in connection with climate change. There is a controversy over securing independence from fossil fuels and gas supplies from other countries through a revival of nuclear energy. On the other hand, some viewpoints are critical: the handling of nuclear waste and the still unclear risks to human health and the environment, especially in light of recent perils from Russian military attacks on Ukrainian nuclear plants. To evaluate the worldwide publications on nuclear energy under health and environmental aspects, socio‐economic parameters were included to provide an informed background for all stakeholders, from scientists to decision‐makers. The correlation between the number of nuclear power plants and the publication output of the countries is proven to be highly significant. Thus, the operating countries publish the most. It has been shown that the development and economic use of nuclear energy are major stimuli for scientific endeavors. Reactor accidents have also spurred research. Mathematical risk modeling has been the area with the highest citation rate to date, but environmental and health aspects have become more important, especially after major accidents. The results show the importance of economic interests in research on nuclear energy from health and environmental aspects. Against the background of transnational hazards, global research participation should be encouraged. Moreover, the international debate should not ignore the reality of threats and their possible impacts.This article is categorized under:
Policy and Economics > Research and Development
Policy and Economics > Security
Human and Social Dimensions > Energy and Climate Justice
Quantifying beta cell function in the preclinical stages of type 1 diabetes
Authors: Galderisi Alfonso , Carr Alice L. J. , Martino Mariangela , Taylor Peter , Senior Peter , Dayan Colin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractClinically symptomatic type 1 diabetes (stage 3 type 1 diabetes) is preceded by a pre-symptomatic phase, characterised by progressive loss of functional beta cell mass after the onset of islet autoimmunity, with (stage 2) or without (stage 1) measurable changes in glucose profile during an OGTT. Identifying metabolic tests that can longitudinally track changes in beta cell function is of pivotal importance to track disease progression and measure the effect of disease-modifying interventions. In this review we describe the metabolic changes that occur in the early pre-symptomatic stages of type 1 diabetes with respect to both insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity, as well as the measurable outcomes that can be derived from the available tests. We also discuss the use of metabolic modelling to identify insulin secretion and sensitivity, and the measurable changes during dynamic tests such as the OGTT. Finally, we review the role of risk indices and minimally invasive measures such as those derived from the use of continuous glucose monitoring.
Graphical Abstract
Reactivity of alloxydim herbicide: force and reaction electronic flux profiles
Authors: Villaverde Juan J. , Sandín-España Pilar , Alonso-Prados José L. , Alcamí Manuel , Lamsabhi Al Mokhtar 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe reaction force profile and the electronic reaction flux concepts were explored for the herbicide alloxydim and some of its derivatives at B3LYP/6-311G(d,p) level of theory. The exploration was achieved by rotating the oxime bond which is the most reactive region of the molecule. The main objective is to understand how the rotation of this bond influences the properties of the molecule and induces an electronic reorganization. The results show that the rotation of the dihedral angle triggers alloxydim to go through three transition states. The first step of the transformation begins by the rupture of the hydrogen bond and is characterized by a pronounced structural reorganization. In the last step of the process the electronic reorganization is more important.
Spotting ethylene in forest soils—What influences the occurrence of the phytohormone?
Authors: Lang Verena , Schneider Veronika , Puhlmann Heike , Schengel Alexander , Seitz Steffen , Schack-Kirchner Helmer , Schäffer Jürgen , Maier Martin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDue to the rapid microbial degradation, ethylene (ethene; C2H4) detection in most soils is difficult. The knowledge about factors favoring the occurrence of C2H4 is mainly based on laboratory experiments which are not necessarily representative for real field conditions in forest soils. We report results from a total of 24 measuring plots in southwest Germany and more than 50,000 gas samples, including long-term forest monitoring sites and other study sites involving liming, artificial soil compaction, and temporary waterlogging. Many of the patterns and influencing factors identified in the laboratory were confirmed. In well-aerated forest soils, C2H4 was detected in 1.3% of the gas samples. C2H4 detection was higher at oxygen (O2) concentrations below 10% in the soil. The effect was positively correlated with bulk density in compacted soils and CO2, CH4, and N2O concentrations—factors that indicate reduced microbial activity and thus also facilitate the detection of C2H4. It could be detected 3.5 times more often in spruce than in beech stands, indicating that plant species plays a role and was not found to follow any distinct spatial or temporal pattern with the exception of seemingly random spatio-temporal clusters of root-born C2H4 near large roots of spruce trees. The long observation period and large dataset of this field study allowed valuable insights into C2H4 occurrence in forest soils under natural conditions supporting the theory that the plant hormone C2H4 is produced as a warning for anaerobic soil areas that are limiting root growth.
Future climate change in the Northern Indian Ocean as simulated with a high-resolution regional earth system model
Authors: Sein Dmitry V. , Martyanov Stanislav D. , Dvornikov Anton Y. , Cabos William , Ryabchenko Vladimir A. , Mishra Alok K. , Limareva Natalia , Alekseeva Evgenia , Jacob Daniela , Kumar Pankaj 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis study examines the future climate change in the South Asia region during 2070–2099 with respect to the historical period (1975–2004) under RCP8.5 scenario using a high-resolution regional earth system model. We found substantial changes in the key climatic parameters over the South Asia region including ocean biological productivity, however, the magnitude of response varies spatially. A substantial increase (> 2.5 °C) in the projected annual-mean sea surface temperature (SST) was found over the Indian Ocean with the highest increase (~ 3.4 °C) locally in the northern part of the Arabian Sea and in the Persian Gulf, SST changes being significant throughout the study area with 95% confidence level. The changes in the sea surface salinity showed strong spatial variability with the highest freshening over northern Bay of Bengal and highest salinity in the Persian Gulf followed by northern Arabian Sea. The amount of annual-mean precipitation will substantially increase over the eastern coast of the Bay of Bengal (up to 1.5–2.0 mm/day) and along the equator in the band 10° S–10° N (0.5–1.5 mm/day), while it will decrease over the western part of the Bay of Bengal and in the northern states of India (− 0.5 to 1.0 mm/day). The most pronounced increase of precipitation rate in the future climate will occur over India (3–5 mm/day) and the eastern coasts of the Bay of Bengal (> 5 mm/day) during the monsoon period, and over the equatorial band (2–3 mm/day) during the post-monsoon period, with all precipitation changes indicated above being significant at 95% confidence level.
Health and performance effects of 12 weeks of small-sided street football training compared to grass football training in habitually active young men
Authors: Randers Morten B. , Hagman Marie , Christensen Jesper F. , Póvoas Susana , Nielsen Jens Jung , Krustrup Peter 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the health and exercise performance effects of street football training on very small pitches surrounded by boards in young habitually active men in comparison to small-sided football training on grass.

Methods
Thirty-nine habitually active men (30.7 ± 6.7 years, 90.9 ± 16.6 kg, 183.8 ± 4.5 cm, 39.6 ± 6.0 mL/min/kg) were randomly assigned to a street football training group (ST) or grass football group (GR) playing small-sided games for 70 min, 1.5 and 1.7 times per week for 12 weeks, respectively, or an inactive control group (CO). Intensity during training was measured using heart rate (HR) and GPS units. Pre- and post-intervention, a test battery was completed.

Results
Mean HR (87.1 ± 5.0 vs. 84.0 ± 5.3%HRmax; P > 0.05) and percentage of training time above 90%HRmax (44 ± 28 vs. 34 ± 24%; P > 0.05) were not different between ST and GR. VO2max increased (P < 0.001) by 3.6[95% CI 1.8;5.4]mL/min/kg in GR with no significant change in ST or CO. HR during running at 8 km/h decreased (P < 0.001) by 14[10;17]bpm in ST and by 12[6;19]bpm in GR, with no change in CO. No changes were observed in blood pressure, resting HR, total body mass, lean body mass, whole-body bone mineral density, fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, plasma insulin, total cholesterol(C), LDL-C or HDL-C. Moreover, no changes were observed in Yo-Yo IE2 performance, 30-m sprint time, jump length or postural balance.

Conclusion
Small-sided street football training for 12 weeks with 1–2 weekly sessions led to improvements in submaximal exercise capacity only, whereas recreational grass football training confirmed previous positive effects on submaximal exercise capacity as well as cardiorespiratory fitness.
The unmet information needs, quality of life, and care experiences of patients with neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) at follow-up: 6 months from diagnosis
Authors: Guccione Lisa , Gough Karla , Drosdowsky Allison , Price Timothy , Pavlakis Nick , Wyld David , Ransom David , Michael Michael , Schofield Penelope 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objectives
To identify changes in the healthcare preferences, patient experiences, and quality of life of patients with NETs at 6-month follow-up, informing the design of supportive care services.

Methods
This study presents 6-month follow-up data of a mixed-methods multi-site study. Demographic, clinical, and patient-reported outcome questionnaire data was collected.

Results
High percentages of suboptimal experiences of care were reported. Patients reported less positive experiences with being involved in decisions about their care and treatment; their family or someone close to them having the opportunity to talk to their cancer doctor, or having their family or someone close to them receive all the information they need to help care for them at home. Patients also reported negative experiences for on the information about their cancer accessible online and the usefulness of the information they accessed. Differences between baseline and follow-up scores were mostly not significant apart from anxiety and sleep disturbance scales,

Conclusions
Patients with NETs report difficulties in accessing and understanding written information that is persistent over time.

Practice implications
Outcomes will inform the design and development of an informational resource aimed at facilitating improved understanding for patients with NETs.
Developing an antibiogram for empiric antibiotic prescribing for adult non-spinal orthopaedic infections in a developing world setting
Authors: Arakkal Ashley , Centner Chad M. , Hilton Thomas , Nortje Marc , Held Michael , Roche Stephen , Brink Adrian J. , Mendelson Marc , Laubscher Maritz 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPurposeEmpiric antibiotic strategies in the treatment of fracture-related infections, chronic osteomyelitis, prosthetic joint infection, and septic arthritis should be based on local microbiological antibiograms. This study aims to describe the microbiology and review the antibiogram profiles of bacterial isolates from patients undergoing surgical treatment for non-spinal orthopaedic infections, to identify the most appropriate empiric antibiotic strategy.MethodsA retrospective review was performed of all cases of non-spinal orthopaedic infections treated surgically from 1 January 2018 to 31 December 2018. The National Health Laboratory Service microbiology database was used to identify all intra-operative microbiological specimens obtained from orthopaedic patients, and data were correlated with the orthopaedic surgical database. Cases were divided into fracture-related infections, chronic osteomyelitis, prosthetic joint infection, and septic arthritis. Antibiotic susceptibility data were used to predict the efficacy of different empiric antibiotic regimens.ResultsA total of 107 cases were included in the study; 184 organisms were cultured. Overall, the most common organism cultured wasStaphylococcus aureus(25%) followed byAcinetobacter baumannii(9%),Enterococcus faecalis(7%) andEnterobacter cloacae(5%). Across all categories the oral antibiotic combination with the highest effectiveness (81%) would have been a combination of co-trimoxazole, ciprofloxacin and amoxicillin. The most effective intravenous antibiotic combination would have been either piperacillin–tazobactam, amikacin and vancomycin or meropenem and vancomycin; 90% of tested isolates were susceptible to either of these combinations.ConclusionAntibiogram profiles can serve to guide to empiric antibiotic choice in the management of different categories of non-spinal orthopaedic infections.