bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feasibility, comprehensibility and acceptability of the VISION-Cog, a novel tool to assess cognitive impairment in visually impaired older adults: a cross-sectional pilot study in Singapore
Authors: Vu Tai Anh , Fenwick Eva , Doshi Kinjal , Gupta Preeti , Quek Shin Yi , Chen Christopher , Ting Simon , Ng Adeline S L , Yap Philip , Yeo Donald , Milea Dan , Lamoureux Ecosse 
Published: September 2023

ObjectivesWe pilot-tested theVISuallyIndependent test batteryOfNeuroCOGnition (VISION-Cog) to determine its feasibility, comprehensibility and acceptability in evaluating cognitive impairment (CI) in visually impaired older Asian adults.DesignThe VISION-Cog was iteratively fine-tuned through pilot studies and expert-panel discussion. In the first pilot study (Stage 1), we recruited 15 visually impaired and cognitively normal participants aged ≥60 years to examine the pilot VISION-Cog’s feasibility (length of time to administer), comprehensibility (clarity of instructions) and acceptability (participant burden). We then presented the pilot results to the expert panel (Stage 2) who decided via agreement on a revised version of the VISION-Cog. Subsequently, we conducted a second pilot study (Stage 3) on another four participants to ascertain improvement in feasibility, comprehensibility and acceptability of the revised version.SettingSingapore Eye Research Institute.ParticipantsNineteen Asian adults aged ≥60 years with visual impairment (defined as near visual acuity worse than N8) were recruited.Outcome measureRevised VISION-Cog.ResultThe VISION-Cog was deemed feasible, taking approximately 60 min to complete on average. All participants agreed that the test instructions were clear, and the battery did not cause undue discomfort or frustration. The data collector rated all tests as very user-friendly (score of 5/5). Minor modifications to the pilot VISION-Cog were suggested by the panel to improve its safety, clarity of instructions and content validity, which were incorporated and iteratively tested in the second pilot study until no further issues emerged.ConclusionsUsing an iterative mixed-methods process, we have developed a feasible, comprehensible and acceptable 5-domain and 9-item visually independent VISION-Cog test battery suitable to assist CI diagnosis in older adults with visual impairment. We will assess its diagnostic potential against clinician-based assessment of CI in subsequent phases.
FamilyCoviDD19: results of a cross-sectional study—long-term outcomes of infected and uninfected household members
Authors: Horst Theresa S , Armann Jakob P , Doenhardt Maren , Dreßen Svenja , Czyborra Paula , Schneider Josephine , Gano Christin , Dalpke Alexander , Lück Christian , Bluschke Annet , Wekenborg Magdalena , Berner Reinhard , Blankenburg Judith 
Published: September 2023

ObjectiveIn this study, we aimed to compare long-term physical and mental health outcome between SARS-CoV-2 infected and uninfected household members to differentiate between infection-related and pandemic-related outcomes after about two and a half years of the pandemic. Furthermore, possible differences in the outcome of adults and children and young people (CYP) were of interest.DesignIn a cross-sectional study design, we compared the long-term physical and mental health outcome of between infected and uninfected as well as between adult and CYP (household members).SettingThe FamilyCoviDD19 study—a serology study in households—was initially conducted to evaluate virus transmission in a close contact setting focusing on households with children and adolescents in Germany. At least 1 year after initial infection in the respective households, a follow-up took place in which the prevalence and type of possible long-term consequences were surveyed on the basis of self-reported information on physical and mental health.ParticipantIn this study, a total of 533 household members of 146 families participated and responded to our survey, including 296 (55.5%) adults and 237 (44.5%) CYP.ResultThe difference in frequency of reported symptoms between infected and uninfected individuals was very moderate, suggesting that the vast majority of reported symptoms were not attributable to a previous SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, regardless of age and infection status, this study showed overall high rates of self-reported symptoms with CYP having fewer long-term sequelae than adults one year after infection. Furthermore, over 50% of those reporting symptoms were not affected in their daily life, with CYPs reporting an even lower percentage compared with adults.ConclusionCYP are at reduced risk not only to develop symptomatic infection or severe disease courses (previous analyses) but also to develop infection-associated long-term sequelae (this study). Independent of infection CYP reported high rates of neurocognitive, pain, somatic and mood symptoms, which makes the influence of the pandemic itself—including pandemic control measures—decisive.
Clinical outcomes and progression rate of tricuspid regurgitation in patients with rheumatic mitral valve disease
Authors: Caldas Mônica M Costa , Esteves William Antonio M , Nascimento Bruno R , Hung Judy , Levine Robert , Silva Vicente Resende , Castro Marildes Luiza , Chavez Luz Marina Tacuri , Silva José Luiz Padilha da , Mello Luana Aguiar , Ruffo Fernando Cunha , Andrade André Barbosa , Tan Timothy , Passaglia Luiz Guilherme , Freire Claudia Maria Vilas , Nunes Maria Carmo P 
Published: September 2023

ObjectiveA substantial proportion of patients with rheumatic heart disease (RHD) have tricuspid regurgitation (TR). This study aimed to identify the impact of functional TR on clinical outcomes and predictors of progression in a large population of patients with RHD.MethodsA total of 645 patients with RHD were enrolled, mean age of 47±12 years, 85% female. Functional TR was graded as absent, mild, moderate or severe. TR progression was defined either as worsening of TR degree from baseline to the last follow-up echocardiogram or severe TR at baseline that required surgery or died. Incidence of TR progression was estimated accounting for competing risks.ResultsFunctional TR was absent in 3.4%, mild in 83.7%, moderate in 8.5% and severe in 4.3%. Moderate and severe functional TR was associated with adverse outcome (HR 1.91 (95% CI 1.15 to 3.2) for moderate, and 2.30 (95% CI 1.28 to 4.13) for severe TR, after adjustment for other prognostic variables. Event-free survival rate at 3-year follow-up was 91%, 72% and 62% in patients with no or mild, moderate and severe TR, respectively. During mean follow-up of 4.1 years, TR progression occurred in 83 patients (13%) with an overall incidence of 3.7 events (95% CI 2.9 to 4.5) per 100 patient-years. In the Cox model, age (HR 1.71, 95% CI 1.34 to 2.17), New York Heart Association functional class III/IV (HR 2.57, 95% CI 1.54 to 4.30), right atrial area (HR 1.52, 95% CI 1.10 to 2.10) and right ventricular (RV) dysfunction (HR 2.02, 95% CI 1.07 to 3.84) were predictors of TR progression. By considering competing risk, the effect of RV dysfunction on TR progression risk was attenuated.ConclusionsIn patients with RHD, functional TR was frequent and associated with adverse outcomes. TR may progress over time, mainly related to right-sided cardiac chambers remodelling.
Cardiovascular diseases and their associations with lipid parameters and endothelial dysfunction in giant cell arteritis
Authors: Jud Philipp , Hafner Franz , Meinitzer Andreas , Brodmann Marianne , Dejaco Christian , Silbernagel Günther 
Published: September 2023

ObjectivesEvaluation of endothelial dysfunction, lipid metabolism, prevalence and development of cardiovascular diseases in patients with giant cell arteritis (GCA).Methods138 GCA patients and 100 controls were evaluated for prevalent cardiovascular diseases in 2012. Cholesterol, lipoproteins and triglycerides, intima–media thickness, arterial stiffness, asymmetric and symmetric dimethylarginine were also measured in 2012. Cardiovascular events, mortality and relapse were retrieved by chart review in 2020.ResultsPrevalent carotid and vertebral artery disease was higher in GCA patients than in controls (p<0.001). GCA patients had higher levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), intermediate-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, apolipoprotein A1 and B, and augmentation index (all with p<0.05). Target LDL levels were less frequently achieved at study inclusion by GCA patients (p=0.001), who developed more frequently new cardiovascular events, also with a higher amount, during follow-up (all with p<0.001). Statin treatment in GCA patients was associated with lower levels of asymmetric dimethylarginine, monocytes and C reactive protein (all with p<0.05). Relapse was independently associated with higher risk of future cardiovascular events (OR 5.01 (95% CI 1.55 to 16.22), p=0.007).ConclusionsGCA patients are at a high risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. Of relevance, there was underuse of statins and a large proportion of these patients showed LDL cholesterol concentrations above the treatment targets for high-risk patients. These data underscore the need for improvement of preventive strategies to reduce cardiovascular risk in GCA patients.
Acute work rate adjustments during high-intensity interval training in a hot and temperate environment
Authors: Yoder Hillary A. , Mulholland Anne M. , MacDonald Hayley V. , Wingo Jonathan E. 
Published: September 2023

Heart rate drifts upward over time during interval exercise and during exercise in hot conditions. As such, work rate must be lowered to maintain target heart rate. The purpose was to characterize acute work rate adjustments during high-intensity interval training based on target heart rate. Seven humans (three females) completed five study visits: a graded exercise test on a cycle ergometer to measure maximal heart rate (HRmax) in ∼22 °C and four trials performed in ∼22 °C (TEMP) or ∼35 °C (HOT), consisting of an 8 min warm-up at 70% HRmax followed by one (15TEMP and 15HOT) or five (43TEMP and 43HOT) rounds of high-intensity interval training (one round = 4 min work at 90% HRmax and 3 min recovery at 70% HRmax) totaling 15 min or 43 min of exercise, respectively. Work rate was lowered 33 ± 20 W ( p = 0.005) in 43TEMP and 56 ± 30 W ( p = 0.003) in 43HOT between the first and fifth work intervals. Thermal strain (0.2 °C higher rectal temperature, p = 0.01) and cardiovascular strain (6 beats·min–1 larger increase in heart rate from first to fifth recovery interval, p = 0.01) were greater in 43HOT versus 43TEMP. Using target heart rate during high-intensity interval training may reduce the training stimulus, especially in hot environments, but it may also limit thermal strain and enable participants to complete the prescribed workout despite the heat.
Ground State Solutions of Schrödinger-Kirchhoff Equations with Potentials Vanishing at Infinity
Authors: Sun Dongdong 
Published: September 2023

In this paper, we deal with the following Schrödinger-Kirchhoff equation with potentials vanishing at infinity:

−

ε

2

a
+
ε
b

∫

ℝ

3

∇
u

2

Δ
u
+
V

x

u
=
K

x

u

p
−
1

u

in

ℝ

3

and

u
>
0
,
u
∈

H

1

ℝ

3

,

where

V

x

~

x

−
α

and

K

x

~

x

−
β

with

0
<
α
<
2

, and

β
>
0

. We first prove the existence of positive ground state solutions

u

ε

∈

H

1

ℝ

3

under the assumption that

σ
<
p
<
5

for some

σ
=

σ

α
,
β

, then we show that

u

ε

concentrates at a global minimum point of

A

x

=

V

2
/

p
−
1

−
1
/
2

x

/

K

2
/

p
−
1

x

.
MRD and Plasma Cell Dynamics after CAR T-cell Therapy in Myeloma
Authors: Landgren Ola , Kazandjian Dickran 
Published: September 2023

Summary:In this issue, Paiva and colleagues characterize the dynamics of minimal residual disease (MRD) and clinical responses during chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy of relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma. Although both correlate with prolonged progression-free survival, MRD is reached faster in the bone marrow than complete response in peripheral blood; consequently, the study addresses the need for future guidelines to explore new MRD-negative definitions that are independent of the monoclonal (M) protein to overcome this limitation, particularly in clinical trials using early depth of response as an endpoint.See related article by Paiva et al., p. 365 (1).
Potensi Implementasi Telemedicine (Telekonsultasi, Telemonitoring, dan Telenutrisi) pada Penyakit Kronis Pasca Pandemi COVID-19 sebagai Upaya Resiliensi Bangsa Indonesia
Authors: Prawestiningtyas Eriko , Hamada Muhammad , Aulia Nur , Puspitasari Diyah , Yusuf Vincetius , Amar Nasim 
Published: September 2023

Pendahuluan: COVID-19 telah berkembang menjadi pandemi dan menarik perhatian negara di penjuru dunia termasuk Indonesia. Adanya pembatasan mobilitas masyarakat berakibat pada berkurangnya akses pelayanan kesehatan bagi pasien non-COVID-19 dan mengakibatkan sebagian besar pasien dengan penyakit kronis enggan untuk melakukan perawatan. Pemberian layanan kesehatan perlu dipersiapkan dengan suatu strategi dimana transmisi COVID-19 dapat diminimalisir, namun layanan tetap dapat diberikan secara efektif, efisien, dan aman. Salah satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan telemedicine yang mencakup telekonsultasi, telemonitoring, dan telenutrisi. Di Indonesia, regulasi penggunaan telemedicine sudah diatur dalam undang-undang.
Tujuan: untuk mengetahui potensi implementasi dari telemedicine (telekonsultasi, telemonitoring, telenutrisi) pada penyakit kronis pasca pandemi COVID-19.
Metode: studi literatur yang telah dilakukan dalam rentang waktu publikasi 10 tahun terakhir yaitu 2011-2021 serta didapatkan dari database “PUBMED”, “Science Direct”, dan “Cochrane” dengan menggunakan kata kunci “Teleconsultation”, “Telenutrition”, “Telemonitoring”, dan “Chronic disease”.
Hasil dan Kesimpulan: Didapatkan 19 artikel yang valid dan reliabel berdasarkan kriteria inklusi menyatakan bahwa penggunaan telemedicine (telekonsultasi, telemonitoring dan telenutrisi) dapat meningkatkan kualitas hidup, memperbaiki outcome pasien serta menurunkan mortalitas dan morbiditas terutama pada pasien dengan penyakit kronis. Pasien juga merasa puas dan merekomendasikan penggunaan telemedicine dalam masa mendatang. Dibutuhkan studi lanjutan terkait penggunaan telemedicine pada pasien dengan penyakit kronis, terutama di masa pasca pandemi COVID-19.
A Challenge To Treat Hypoglycemia For The Diabetic Elderly Patient In Daily Clinical Practice
Authors: Rochmah Izzah , Erwan Nabila , Mumtaza Hilya 
Published: September 2023

Background: Hypoglycemia is an acute complication that often occurs in daily clinical practice. The incidence of hypoglycemia is increased, one of which is by age factors and the use of insulin.
Case Presentation: A 66-years old Indonesian woman with obesity (BMI=35.2 kg/m2) came to Emergency Department (ED) with decreased of consciousness due to a skipped meal after a prandial insulin injection with errors in calculating insulin dose. She had Diabetes Mellitus type 2 since 10 years ago and got insulin prescription since last year. The random blood sugar (RBG) was 27 mg/dl. Patient was administered intravenous D40% 75ml and the symptoms was improved. Patient was diagnosed this patient with severe hypoglycemia. During hospitalization, patient’s blood sugar had fluctuation in 2 days consecutive mornings and began to stable in day 3 on ward. When the patient discharged, we prescribed 24U basal insulin given before bed if the RBG level >200mg/dl.
Discussion: In older population, the neuroglycopenic symptoms, such as lethargy, dizziness, and delirium appear in higher BG level than the autonomic symptoms. The disproportion of demand and supply of blood glucose in the brain causes the neuroglycopenic symptoms. In addition, those signs are also likely to be misinterpreted as signs of stroke, dementia, or vision problems. This cycle of misidiagnosed and the tendency of neuroglypenic symptoms lead the older population into hypoglycemia unawareness.
Conclusion: Hypoglycemia unawareness is one of the warning signs of the severity of Diabetes Mellitus type 2 caused by multiple factors which has high prevalence in the elderly. Therefore, particular management is needed in this population by selecting the suitable glucose-lowering agent considering individualized patient preferences rather than focusing on the glycemic target.
Sentido de comunidad de adolescentes en escuelas y barrios durante el covid-19
Authors: Oyarzún-Gómez Denise , Dauvin-Herrera Cristóbal 
Published: September 2023

(analítico)El sentido de comunidad de jóvenes es la sensación de pertenencia de este grupo en relación con la escuela o el barrio. Es un tema estudiado en las ciencias sociales, aunque sus transformaciones no han sido suficientemente visibilizadas. El propósito del estudio es describir las percepciones del sentido de comunidad en la escuela y el barrio durante el covid-19 en estudiantes de 14 a 18 años de escuelas públicas, subvencionadas y privadas en la Región Metropolitana de Chile. Con metodología cualitativa, descriptiva y transversal, desde la fotoprovocación virtual, se analizan temáticamente las perspectivas juveniles. Los resultados muestran que el sentido de comunidad escolar está tensionando el relacionamiento interpersonal, emergiendo afectos negativos y destacando la pertenencia al espacio físico. El sentido de comunidad en el barrio es incipiente durante la pandemia.
Palabras clave: Escuela secundaria; comunidad; jóvenes; virus; Chile. Tesauro de Ciencias Sociales de la Unesco.
Evolución del riesgo y protección en la infancia y la adolescencia
Authors: Tomás José M. , Fernández Irene , Navarro-Pérez José-Javier , Carbonell Ángela 
Published: September 2023

(analítico)Los factores de riesgo y protección pueden ser utilizados para evaluar, prevenir e intervenir en el maltrato infantil. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar longitudinalmente el riesgo en la infancia y la adolescencia, para determinar qué factores pueden ser empleados como indicadores de evolución. Se empleó una muestra de 102 niños, niñas y adolescentes que participaban en el sistema de bienestar infantil español, en tres momentos temporales. Los resultados indicaron que existe una evolución del riesgo, con una tendencia general de disminución de riesgos e incremento de elementos protectores. Nuestros hallazgos identificaron la existencia de factores dinámicos y estáticos. Este estudio pone de manifiesto la relevancia de la atención e intervención continuada y a largo plazo para fortalecer los factores de protección y disminuir los de riesgo en niños, niñas y adolescentes.
Palabras clave: Maltrato infantil; adolescencia; bienestar de la infancia; factores de riesgo; factores de protección. Tesauro de Ciencias Sociales de la Unesco.
El bullying: una mirada desde los niños y las niñas
Authors: Gutiérrez-Vega Ingrit , Sánchez-Rodriguez Carlos Alfonso , Londoño-Vásquez David Alberto 
Published: September 2023

(analítico)Se presentan los resultados sobre cómo se comprende y se asume el bullying, en tanto problema escolar y social, desde la perspectiva infantil. Para ello, se realizó una investigación cualitativa, hermenéutico- comprensiva, con grupos focales mediados por títeres o videos, producción gráfica y narración de historias. Los participantes fueron 626 estudiantes de 5 a 7 años. La comprensión transitó por elementos congruentes con la teoría, como exclusión, acoso verbal, afectación de pertenencias y una nueva tipología: falta de solidaridad. En cuanto a las experiencias, precisan las burlas, el acoso físico y el hurto, asociadas al contexto familiar o a ninguna, estas últimas por la confluencia del espacio escolar y la familia en un mismo lugar en tiempos de educación remota. En cuanto a la solución, está apela a figuras de autoridad, familiares, asumir actitudes reconciliadoras o al juego.
Palabras clave: Acoso escolar; entorno familiar; escuela rural; participación infantil. Tesauro de Ciencias Sociales de la Unesco.
Causal Effects of YKL‐40 on Ischemic Stroke and Its Subtypes: A 2‐Sample Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Xu Qingyun , Sun Lulu , Wang Yinan , Wang Ruirui , Jia Yiming , Guo Daoxia , Shi Mengyao , Yang Pinni , Zhang Yonghong , Zhu Zhengbao 
Published: September 2023

Background
Chitinase‐3 like protein 1 (CHI3L1, YKL‐40) was reported to be implicated in the development of ischemic stroke, but whether the association between them was causal remained unclear. We conducted a 2‐sample Mendelian randomization study to explore the associations of genetically determined plasma YKL‐40 with ischemic stroke and its subtypes (large artery stroke, small vessel stroke, and cardioembolic stroke).

Methods and Results

Based on genome‐wide association study data of 3394 European‐descent individuals, we selected 13 single‐nucleotide polymorphisms associated with plasma YKL‐40 as genetic instruments. Summary data about ischemic stroke and its subtypes were obtained from the Multiancestry Genome‐wide Association Study of Stroke Consortium, involving 34 217 ischemic stroke cases and 406 111 controls of European ancestry. We used the inverse‐variance weighted method followed by a series of sensitivity analyses to assess the causal associations of plasma YKL‐40 with ischemic stroke and its subtypes. The primary analysis showed that genetically determined high YKL‐40 levels were associated with increased risks of large artery stroke (odds ratio [OR], 1.08 [95% CI, 1.04–1.12];
P
=1.73×10
−4
) and small vessel stroke (OR, 1.05 [95% CI, 1.01–1.09];
P
=7.96×10
−3
) but not with ischemic stroke or cardioembolic stroke. Sensitivity analyses further confirmed these associations, and Mendelian randomization‐Egger indicated no evidence of genetic pleiotropy. In addition, supplementary analysis based on the summary data from the Olink proximity extension assay cardiovascular I (Olink CVD‐I) panel showed that high YKL‐40 levels were positively associated with the risks of large artery stroke (OR, 1.15 [95% CI, 1.08–1.22];
P
=4.16×10
−6
) but not with small vessel stroke.

Conclusions
Genetically determined high plasma YKL‐40 levels were causal associated with increased risks of large artery stroke.
Changes in the Global Climate: Atmospheric Angular Momentum and Pacific Ocean Temperatures
Authors: Weickmann Klaus , Berry Edward , Gensini Victor , Gold David , Petroski Thomas 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Atmospheric angular momentum (AAM) is used to study the variability of Earth’s atmospheric circulation during the past 45 years, a time of considerable climate change. Using global AAM, two interdecadal states are defined covering the periods 1977–98 (hereinafter P1) and 1999–2022 (P2). Global AAM decreased from P1 to P2 and was accompanied by weakened subtropical jet streams in both hemispheres, strong convection around the northern Maritime Continent, and a strengthened sea surface temperature (SST) gradient across the tropical Pacific Ocean. The period differences project onto 1) internal interdecadal Pacific variability (IPV), 2) a postulated transient ocean thermostat response to greenhouse gas and aerosol emissions, and 3) circulation anomalies related to the ozone hole. During 1977–2023, the first two processes are forcing the climate toward larger Pacific Ocean SST gradients and a poleward expansion of the Indo-Pacific warm pool (IPWP), especially into the Northern Hemisphere. The ozone hole produces its own distinct pattern of anomalies in the Southern Hemisphere that tend to become persistent in the early 1990s. The zonal and vertical mean AAM variations during P1 have frequent westerly wind anomalies between 40°N and 40°S with poleward propagation on interannual time scales. During P2, the circulation is dominated by subtropical easterly wind anomalies, poleward-shifted jets, and weaker propagation. Locally, the zonal mean anomalies manifest as midlatitude ridges that lead to continental droughts. Case studies illustrate the weakened subtropical jet streams of P2 and examine the factors behind a transition to La Niña in early 2020 that maintains the P2 pattern.