bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Die Haltung der Öffentlichkeit zu Zwangsmassnahmen bei
psychiatrischen PatientInnen
Authors: Huber Christian G. , Steiger Sahar , Möller Julian , Lang Undine E. 
Published: April 2023

Zusammenfassung
Studienziel Die Haltung der Allgemeinbevölkerung in Basel
gegenüber dem Einsatz von Zwangsmaßnahmen zu evaluieren. Dies
vor dem Hintergrund, dass Zwangsmaßnahmen indirekt u. a. von der
allgemeinen Stigmatisierung von Menschen mit psychischen Erkrankungen, der
Haltung der Öffentlichkeit und dem jeweiligen sozialen Netzwerk
gesteuert werden.
Methodik Antworten von 1,112 Personen aus einer repräsentativen
Bevölkerungsbefragung im Kanton Basel-Stadt wurden ausgewertet. Die
Teilnehmenden erhielten schriftliche Fallvignetten und Fragebögen, in
denen die Akzeptanz der Zwangsmaßnahmen
«Zwangseinweisung», «Zwangsmedikation» und
«Zwangsisolation» erfragt wurde.
Ergebnisse Beim Vorliegen der Symptome einer psychotischen Störung
befürworteten 31,5% mindestens eine Zwangsmassnahme, bei
Symptomen einer Borderline-Persönlichkeitsstörung
(22,0%) und einer Alkoholabhängigkeit (20,7%) war die
Akzeptanz geringer. Insgesamt war die Ablehnung von Zwangseinweisungen und
Zwangsmaßnahmen in der Basler Bevölkerung ausserordentlich hoch.
Die differenzierte Einschätzung des Einsatzes von
Zwangsmaßnahmen durch die Basler Bevölkerung entsprach den
medizinethischen Leitlinien im Umgang mit diesen Störungsbildern.
Schlussfolgerung Die Haltung der Öffentlichkeit dürfte
indirekten Einfluss auf die lokale Anwendung von Zwangsmaßnahmen haben
und sollten in den psychiatrischen Fachdiskurs einbezogen werden.
Klimakrise: Welche gastroenterologischen Folgeerkrankungen dieses medizinischen Notfalls sollten wir kennen?
Authors: Walldorf Jens , Mezger Nikolaus Christian Simon , Weber Lena , Knothe Anja , Klose Michelle , Moritz Stefan , Kantelhardt Eva Johanna , Feller Stephan , Schlitt Axel , Greinert Robin , Michl Patrick 
Published: April 2023

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Die Klimakrise hat gravierende Folgen für viele Lebensbereiche. Ganz besonders gilt dies für die Gesundheit des Menschen – auch in Europa. Während kardiovaskuläre, pneumologische und dermatologische Erkrankungen mit Bezug auf die Klimakrise häufig diskutiert werden, sind gastroenterologische Erkrankungen als Folge der Krise ebenfalls von erheblicher Bedeutung.
Methoden Anhand einer Literaturrecherche (Pubmed, Cochrane Library) wurden für die Gastroenterologie in (Mittel-)Europa relevante Arbeiten identifiziert. Diese Arbeiten wurden von einem interdisziplinären Team um weitere Arbeiten ergänzt und zusammengefasst.
Ergebnisse Die Klimakrise hat in Europa durch vermehrte Hitzewellen, Hochwasser und Luftverschmutzung Einfluss auf die Häufigkeit und Schwere von Erkrankungen des Gastrointestinaltraktes. Dabei sind Patienten mit Darmerkrankungen besonders vulnerabel für akute Wetterereignisse. Hinsichtlich der Langzeitfolgen des Klimawandels haben gastrointestinale Karzinome und Lebererkrankungen eine herausragende Bedeutung. Neben Gastroenteritiden sind weitere durch die stetige Erwärmung, Hitzewellen und Überschwemmungen begünstigte Infektionskrankheiten wie vektorübertragene Erkrankungen und Parasiten von Bedeutung.
Diskussion Für vulnerable Patientengruppen sind konsequent Anpassungsstrategien zu entwickeln und umzusetzen. Risikopersonen müssen hinsichtlich individuell umsetzbarer Maßnahmen wie Hitzevermeidung, entsprechendem Trinkverhalten und Hygiene beraten werden. Zur Prävention von Lebererkrankungen und Karzinomen sind in erster Linie Empfehlungen zur physischen Aktivität und gesunden nachhaltigen Ernährung sinnvoll. Maßnahmen zur Prävention und Resilienzförderung können von der Ärzteschaft auf verschiedenen Ebenen unterstützt werden. Neben Bemühungen zu Nachhaltigkeit im unmittelbaren eigenen Arbeitsumfeld ist ein übergeordnetes Engagement für Klimaschutz von Bedeutung.
Metabolic Fingerprinting of Different Sideritis Taxa Infusions and Their Neurogenic Activity
Authors: Tomou Ekaterina-Michaela , Bieler Lara , Spöttl Tobias , Couillard-Despres Sebastien , Skaltsa Helen , Urmann Corinna 
Published: April 2023

AbstractOver the last years, Sideritis extracts were shown to improve memory. However, their potential to promote the generation of new neurons, starting with the neuronal differentiation of
neural stem cells, remains unexplored. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the neurogenic effects of different Sideritis infusions in neural stem and precursor cells and
their impact on cell viability. Moreover, the metabolic fingerprints were recorded using LC-DAD, LC-HRESIMS, and GC-MS. The neurogenic potential of infusions of the eight Sideritis
taxa tested was as potent as the classical neuronal inducer combination of retinoic acid and valproic acid. Further cytotoxicity assays revealed that the IC50 values of the
extracts were between 163 and 322 µg/mL. Hierarchical cluster analyses of the metabolic fingerprints unveiled that the two Sideritis taxa with the lowest IC50 values were
the most divergent in the analytical techniques used. As the analysis focused on polyphenols, it is reasonable to assume that these compounds are responsible for the effect on the cell
viability of SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. This study is the first report on the neurogenic potential of Sideritis taxa and might support the use of Sideritis herbal
preparations in the context of neurodegenerative diseases.
Effect of Locally Administered Estradiol on Wound Healing in a Nasal Septal Perforation Animal Model
Authors: Yılmaz Yetkin Zeki , Çakan Dogan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe aimed to investigate the effect of estradiol on wound healing in an experimental nasal septal perforation (NSP) model created in rats. Twenty-two Sprague Dawley healthy male rats were separated into two groups. NSP, approximately 2 mm in diameter, was created in each animal. The 0.1 mL 0.12% estradiol (12 g/L) (study group) and 0.1 mL 0.9% saline (9 g/L) (control group) were applied topically once a day for 14 days. The rats were sacrificed on the 14th day and the cartilage nasal septum of each animal was excised for histopathological examination. The nasal mucosal epithelial regeneration and degeneration, acute inflammatory cell count, fibroblast number, vascularization, granulation tissue formation, giant cell number, eosinophil number, degeneration and regeneration of the nasal cartilage, and collagen density were examined. The macroscopic closure rate of the perforations and histopathological parameters were evaluated statistically. In this study, the epithelial regeneration, the fibroblast count, the granulation tissue formation, and the amount of collagen were significantly higher in the study group than in the saline group (p < 0.05). The acute inflammatory activity was lower in the estradiol group than in the saline group (p < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the closure rate of perforation between the two groups (p = 0.163). No significant difference was found in other comparisons (p > 0.05). The locally administered estradiol may improve wound healing of the nasal septum in an experimental NSP animal model.
Level of Evidence Not applicable.
Synthesis of Clausena Alkaloids Using Unique Ring Expansion of Dihydroisoquinolines and Their Cholinesterase Inhibitory Activity
Authors: Worayuthakarn Rattana , Thasana Nopporn , Ngernnak Chuleeporn , Ruchirawat Somsak , Chainok Kittipong , Wannarit Nanthawat 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA facile and direct synthetic entry to the carbon skeleton of Clausena alkaloids, the benzo[d]azocin-4-one, is reported featuring the ring expansion of 1-phenyldihydroisoquinoline derivatives initially triggered by oxazolone under environmentally benign conditions in a one-pot procedure. Functionalization of the eight-membered lactam framework provided a set of Clausena alkaloid derivatives. Some derivatives show a promising inhibition toward acetylcholinesterase and a better selectivity index than the previously used Alzheimer’s disease (AD) drug, tacrine, and the currently used AD drug, galantamine.
Evaluation of Clinical, Demographic, and Biochemical Profiles of Trinidadian Patients Undergoing Coronary Angiography
Authors: Nayak Shivananda B , Monplaisir Tamika Kachada , Bhaktha Geetha , Ali Ronan , Mohan Surapaneni Krishna , Priya Vishnu 
Published: April 2023

Background
Trinidad and Tobago ranks number 45 in the world for total deaths due to coronary heart disease. Predictive tests for coronary angiographic results set the basis for earlier monitoring of the disease before additional complications become obvious.

Aims and Methods
This study aimed to evaluate the anthropometric and biochemical parameters of 124 patients with suspected coronary artery disease (CAD) in Trinidad and how these parameters correlate to the findings at angiography.

Results
The biochemical parameters showed statistically significant correlations with CAD severity by Spearman's rank-order correlation. Two clinical parameters showed significant associations with CAD severity—ethnicity (χ2 (4) = 12.925, p = 0.012) and presence of type 2 diabetes at baseline (χ2 (4) = 21.483, p < 0.001).

Conclusion
Biochemical parameters such as fasting blood sugar, N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide, creatinine, and hemoglobin A1c were well correlated and well associated with the severity of CAD after diagnosis by the process of coronary angiography. Hence, these factors can be taken into consideration to predict the severity of CAD.
47.1.2.1.5 Synthesis of Alkenes by Cross-Coupling and Heck Reactions
Authors: Ho C.-Y. , Raja D. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSince their discovery, Heck and cross-coupling reactions have become essential for catalytic alkene synthesis. Selected homogeneous methods for non-aromatic and unactivated alkene synthesis by catalytic alkenylation are reviewed herein (ca. 2008–2020). By using new combinations of ligands, additives, co-catalysts, and transition metals, significant advances and new mechanistic insights have been revealed recently. New strategies for accessing a broader substrate scope, milder reaction conditions, higher functional-group compatibility, and highly stereoselective synthesis are highlighted.
Highly flexible anisotropic magnetoresistance sensor for wearable electronics
Authors: Chen Yanning , Zhao Dongyan , Shao Jin , Fu Zhen , Wang Chenying , Wang Shuaipeng , Du Jian , Zhong Mingchen , Duan Junbao , Li Yang , Hu Zhongqiang 
Published: April 2023

The emerging market of wearable devices for tracking and positioning requires the development of highly flexible magnetic sensors. Due to the stable magnetoresistance ratio and simple fabrication process, sensors based on the anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR) effect have been proposed as promising candidates. However, the stability of AMR sensors under different bending situations has rarely been investigated. In this work, we proposed a flexible AMR magnetic sensor deposited on an ultra-thin Kapton substrate, which exhibits excellent anti-fatigue behavior at different bending curvatures ranging from 1/3 to 1/10 mm−1. Experimental results show that the sensitivity of our proposed flexible AMR sensor remains as high as 0.25 Oe−1 after being bent 500 times, showing promising potential for application in wearable electronic devices.
Pleiotropic role of TRAF7 in skull-base meningiomas and congenital heart disease
Authors: Mishra-Gorur Ketu , Barak Tanyeri , Kaulen Leon D. , Henegariu Octavian , Jin Sheng Chih , Aguilera Stephanie Marie , Yalbir Ezgi , Goles Gizem , Nishimura Sayoko , Miyagishima Danielle , Djenoune Lydia , Altinok Selin , Rai Devendra K. , Viviano Stephen , Prendergast Andrew , Zerillo Cynthia , Ozcan Kent , Baran Burcin , Sencar Leman , Goc Nukte , Yarman Yanki , Ercan-Sencicek A. Gulhan , Bilguvar Kaya , Lifton Richard P. , Moliterno Jennifer , Louvi Angeliki , Yuan Shiaulou , Deniz Engin , Brueckner Martina , Gunel Murat 
Published: April 2023

While somatic variants of
TRAF7
(Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 7) underlie anterior skull-base meningiomas, here we report the inherited mutations of
TRAF7
that cause congenital heart defects. We show that TRAF7 mutants operate in a dominant manner, inhibiting protein function via heterodimerization with wild-type protein. Further, the shared genetics of the two disparate pathologies can be traced to the common origin of forebrain meninges and cardiac outflow tract from the
TRAF7-
expressing neural crest. Somatic and inherited mutations disrupt TRAF7–IFT57 interactions leading to cilia degradation.
TRAF7
-mutant meningioma primary cultures lack cilia, and TRAF7 knockdown causes cardiac, craniofacial, and ciliary defects in
Xenopus
and zebrafish, suggesting a mechanistic convergence for
TRAF7
-driven meningiomas and developmental heart defects.
Local continuity of angular momentum and noether charge for matter in general relativity
Authors: Croft Robin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Conservation laws have many applications in numerical relativity. However, it is not straightforward to define local conservation laws for general dynamic spacetimes due the lack of coordinate translation symmetries. In flat space, the rate of change of energy-momentum within a finite spacelike volume is equivalent to the flux integrated over the surface of this volume; for general spacetimes it is necessary to include a volume integral of a source term arising from spacetime curvature. In this work a study of continuity of matter in general relativity is extended to include angular momentum of matter and Noether currents associated with gauge symmetries. Expressions for the Noether charge and flux of complex scalar fields and complex Proca fields are found using this formalism. Expressions for the angular momentum density, flux and source are also derived which are then applied to a numerical relativity collision of boson stars in 3D with non-zero impact parameter as an illustration of the methods.
Precursors for synthetic aperture radar
Authors: Cartwright Natalie A , Muller Kaitlyn 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In this paper we study waveform design for synthetic-aperture radar (SAR) imaging through dispersive media. Under the assumptions of scalar wave propagation through a causal dielectric medium and single-scattering from an isotropic point scatterer, we use asymptotic analysis to derive the asymptotic approximation to the scattered electric field. From this asymptotic approximation, we define a sensing precursor that we propose for the transmit waveform for SAR imaging through dispersive material. We compare our sensing precursor with previously defined optimal waveforms (Varslot et al 2011 SIAM J. Appl. Math.
71 1780–800) in terms of both propagation and scattering capabilities, as well as imaging performance. With the filtered back-projection imaging algorithm that we use, we find that for high levels of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), the optimal waveforms contain higher frequencies and thus produce better images. For low levels of SNR, the transmitted optimal waveforms and the sensing precursors are similar, thus giving comparable images.
Influence mechanisms of epoxy degradation on surface traps and charge accumulation under DC electrical–thermal stress
Authors: Zhang Yi , Qi Bo , Yang Xiao , Yan Jiaxuan , Luo Yuan , Yang Zhuodong , Lu Licheng , Li Chengrong 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
As trapping sites for surface charges, the surface trap is an important factor affecting the insulation performance of the epoxy–SF6 interface, which is closely related to the microstructure and its evolution. However, existing studies often ignore the effect of the degradation of the epoxy surface on the surface traps and charge accumulation during the long-term service of the insulation system. In this study, the surface physicochemical evolution and its influence on surface traps of a typical epoxy–SF6 insulation structure were researched under a DC-temperature gradient condition, and an evolution mechanism of surface traps was proposed. The results show that the free radicals introduced during the material degradation process increase the density and depth of both positive and negative charge traps on the epoxy surface. The effect of free radicals formed by the cleavage of epoxy molecules on the electronic orbital and molecular electrostatic potential of epoxy molecules is the intrinsic reason for the evolution of surface trap evolution. This work may help to understand the long-term evolution mechanisms of the physicochemical characteristics of the epoxy–SF6 interface in DC field and may provide a theoretical basis for the long-term failure mechanism revealing and the insulation performance enhancement.
Electric and magnetic tuning of Gilbert damping constant in LSMO/PMN-PT(011) heterostructure
Authors: Das Avisek , Mrinalini  , Usami Takamasa , Prakash Pati Satya , Taniyama Tomoyasu , Gorige Venkataiah 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Electric field control of magnetodynamics in magnetoelectric (ME) heterostructures has been the subject of recent interest due to its fundamental complexity and promising applications in room temperature (RT) devices. The present work focuses on the tuning of magnetodynamic parameters of epitaxially grown ferromagnetic (FM) La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 (LSMO) on a ferro(piezo)electric (FE) Pb(Mg0.33Nb0.67)O3-PbTiO3 (PMN-PT) single crystal substrate. The uniaxial magnetic anisotropy of LSMO on PMN-PT confirms the ME coupling at the FM/FE heterointerface. The magnitude of the Gilbert damping constant (α) of this uniaxial LSMO film measured along the hard magnetic axis is significantly small compared to the easy axis. Furthermore, a marked decrease in the α values of LSMO at positive and negative electrical remanence of PMN-PT is observed, which is interpreted in the framework of strain induced spin dependent electronic structure. The present results clearly encourage the prospects of electric field controlled magnetodynamics, thereby realising the RT spin-wave based device applications with ultra-low power consumption.
High quality AlN film assisted by graphene/sputtered AlN buffer layer for deep-ultraviolet-LED
Authors: Wu Haidi , Ning Jing , Zhang Jincheng , Zeng Yu , Jia Yanqing , Zhao Jianglin , Bai Ling , Wang Yanbo , Li Shiyu , Wang Dong , Hao Yue 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The advantages of van der Waals epitaxial nitrides have become a research hot topic. It is worth noting that graphene plays an important role in the research of epitaxial AlN epitaxial layer. In this work, we demonstrate a method to obtain high-quality and low-dislocation AlN epitaxial layer by combining graphene and sputtered AlN as the nucleation layer on the C-sapphire substrate via metal organic chemical vapor deposition, and successfully fabricated a 277 nm AlGaN-based deep ultraviolet light emitting diode (DUV-LED) based on the obtained AlN epitaxial layer. The presence of graphene promotes the stress release of AlN. Compared with the AlN epitaxial layer directly grown on graphene/sapphire substrate, the exist of sputtered AlN/graphene nucleation layer facilitates most of the threading dislocations in AlN can annihilate each other in the range of about 100 nm. Thus, as grown AlN epitaxial layer shows the decreasing of the screw dislocation from 2.31 × 109 to 2.08 × 108 cm−2 significantly. We manufacture an DUV-LED with 277 nm emission wavelength by using high-quality AlN films, which shows that magnitude of the leakage current is only on the order of nanoamperes and the forward turn on voltage is 3.5 V at room temperature. This study provides a meaningful strategy to achieve high-quality AlN film and high-performance DUV-LED.
Stable propagation of the Poincaré polarization solitons in strongly nonlocal media
Authors: Guan Siyin , Huang Hui , Weng Zhiwei , Xu Yongzheng , Wu Lijun , Guo Qi , Hu Wei , Shou Qian 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We report the first experimental observation of spatial solitons with complex polarization states, called the Poincaré polarization solitons (PPSs) in lead glass with strongly nonlocal nonlinearity. The formations of PPSs with topological charge of l = 1, including the cylindrical elliptical-polarization soliton (CEPS) and the angularly-hybrid polarization soliton (AHPS), were observed. We showed that the annular profiles and the complex polarization distributions of the first-order PPSs can be remained. Based on the linear stability analysis, we proved that the first-order PPSs are fully stable and the second-order PPS can survive only when one of the two component vortices dominates.
Investigation of electronic and magnetic properties in vacancy incorporated monolayer magnesium bromide for spintronics application: an ab-initio study
Authors: Lahiri Saurav , Thangavel R 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Alkaline earth-based half-metallic materials attracted spintronics researchers, owing to their outstanding long spin relaxation time and robustness against spin current leakage. Using first principles calculations, defect-induced monolayer magnesium bromide (Mg1−x
δ
xBr2; x = 0.11, 0.22, 0.33) systems have been studied for the first time. Among these systems, Mg0.89
δ
0.11Br2 showed half-metallic nature that finds application in ultra-fast spintronics. Exfoliation energy (0.12 J/m2) calculation revealed the possibility of exfoliation of the monolayer MgBr2 from its bulk. Phonon dispersion plot confirmed dynamical stability of the free-standing monolayer. The formation energy of Mg vacancy defect (VMg) under Br-rich condition (2 eV) showed, defect-induced favourability. Mg0.89
δ
0.11Br2 has been found to be in a ferromagnetic ground state with a remarkable large spin-up gap (4.84 eV), which limits spin leakage. In addition, significant magnetic anisotropy energy (MAE) per VMg (4.16 meV) has been observed along (100) easy axis direction with a strong ferromagnetic coupling. Electric field modulated electronic structure showed an optimal spin-up gap up to 0.3 V/Å, desirable for the device operation. Robustness of the half-metallicity was confirmed by strain-dependent density of states which is vital during its synthesis and deposition onto a substrate. Hence, from the electronic and magnetic studies, vacancy incorporated monolayer magnesium bromide showed potential applications in spintronics.
Real-time biosensor application of structurally chiral medium for detection and sensing of plasma in human blood
Authors: Ghorani Nadia , Madani Amir , Entezar Samad Roshan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In this work, we theoretically investigated a unique and sensitive optical biosensor for detecting and sensing blood plasma using a structurally chiral medium. The proposed biosensor is a defective one-dimensional structure made from a structurally chiral material with

4
¯

2
m

point group symmetry where the defect layer is considered as a channel for the blood plasma. The transmission and reflection of the structure are investigated utilizing the transfer matrix method for the circularly polarized waves. It is shown that a defect mode is created in the middle of the circular Bragg photonic band gap for the right-handed circularly polarized waves and experiences a red shift by increasing the blood plasma concentration. Also, it is observed that the sensitivity of the sensor can be increased by increasing the thickness of the defect layer. In addition, we reveal that the increase of the tilt angle of the structurally chiral medium results in the decrease of photonic band gap width and causes to blue-shift of the defect mode. As a result, the performance of the sensor decreases by increasing the tilt angle. The proposed structure has an easy and efficient manufacturing process, high stability and cost-effectiveness and can provide real-time blood plasma biosensors.