bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assigning F-words as ingredients of interventions for children with cerebral palsy functioning at GMFCS IV and V: A scoping review protocol
Authors: Longo E. , Monteiro R. , Hidalgo-Robles Á. , Paleg G. , Shrader C. , De Campos A. C. 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionChildren with Cerebral Palsy (CP) functioning at Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) levels IV and V require “on time” identification and intervention. Interventions offered continue to be a challenge, in high-, but even more so in middle-, and low-income countries.AimTo describe the methods developed to explore the ingredients of published studies on early interventions in young children with cerebral palsy (CP) at highest risk of being non-ambulant based on the “F-words for child development framework” and the design of a scoping review exploring these ingredients.MethodAn operational procedure was developed through expert panels to identify ingredients of published interventions and related F-words. After sufficient agreement among researchers was reached, a scoping review was designed. The review is registered in the Open Science Framework database. The “Population, Concept and Context” framework was used. Population: young children (0–5 years with CP and at highest risk for being non-ambulant (GMFCS levels IV or V); Concept: non-surgical and non-pharmacological early intervention services measuring outcomes from any ICF domain; Context: studies published from 2001 to 2021. After duplicated screening and selection, data will be extracted and quality will be assessed with the American Academy for Cerebral Palsy and Developmental Medicine (AACPDM) and Mixed Methods Appraisal (MMAT) tools.ResultsWe present the protocol to identify the explicit (directly measured outcomes and respective ICF domains) and implicit (intervention features not explicitly intended or measured) ingredients.ConclusionFindings will support the implementation of the F-words in interventions for young children with non-ambulant CP.
Tunning pectinase activity under the effects of electric fields in the enhanced clarification of wine must
Authors: Queirós Mariana , Pereira Guilherme , Leite Ana Catarina , Leal Rita , Rodrigues Rui , Teixeira José A. , Pereira Ricardo N. 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionPectinolytic enzymes are of great importance for the clarification process of “Vinho Verde” wine must, contributing to the reduction of haze development. During the last decade, a growing body of knowledge has been established about the effects of electric fields on the activation of important food enzymes. However, the influence of electrical parameters on catalytic activity is enzyme-dependent and should be evaluated on a case-by-case basis. This work describes, for the first time, the effects of electric fields and electrical frequency on the activity of pectinase (PEC) in the accelerated clarification of “Vinho Verde” must.MethodModerate electric fields (MEF) with intensities below 20 V/cm and at electrical frequencies ranging from 50 to 20 kHz were applied at temperatures between 15 and 35°C. Enzymatic activity was measured for 25 min, and the initial rate of reaction was determined by the coefficient of the linear plot of galacturonic acid (GAL) production as a function of time.ResultsThe results show that electrical frequency can increase enzymatic activity depending on temperature conditions; at 20°C and with electrical frequencies of 2 and 20 kHz, enzymatic activity increased by up to 40 and 20%, respectively, when compared with the control sample (without the application of MEF). Temperature dependence was evaluated through the Arrhenius equation, showing that energy of activation (Ea) can be reduced from 9.2 to 6.6 kJ/mol at sub-optimal temperatures for PEC activity when MEF is applied.DiscussionElectrical parameters, when combined with temperatures below 20°C, reduced pectin concentration in “Vinho Verde” wine must by up to 42% of its initial content. This emergent treatment can be integrated in relevant environmental conditions, presenting an opportunity to increase enzyme efficiency even in low-temperature conditions, which favors the winemaking process.
A giant neobladder stone with insignificant symptoms: A case report and literature review
Authors: Gu Jun , He Zexi , Li Haihao , Liu Yijie , Wang Haifeng , Huang Yinglong , Ding Mingxia 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundGiant neobladder lithiasis after orthotopic bladder replacement is an infrequent but important long-term complication, which should be diagnosed and treated early. If left untreated, it may eventually lead to irreversible acute kidney injury and seriously affect the quality of life of patients. Here, we present a rare case of a patient who presented with a massive neobladder stone after radical cystectomy done with orthotopic neobladder construction, followed by a challenging stone extraction process.Case presentationA 70-year-old female patient presented with a massive neobladder stone 14 years after radical cystectomy done with orthotopic neobladder construction. A computed tomography scan showed a large elliptic stone. The patient underwent suprapubic cystolithotomy surgery, which removed her giant-sized stone in the neobladder. The size of the bladder stone that was removed was 13 cm × 11.5 cm × 9 cm, with a total weight of 903 g. To date, the follow-up time of treatment is 4 months, and in our patient, no pain, urinary tract infections, or other abnormalities suggestive of fistula were found.ConclusionImaging examination is useful for detecting neobladder lithiasis occurring after orthotopic neobladder construction. Our experience demonstrates that open cystolithotomy is an appropriate therapeutic method for treating the late-stage complication of a giant neobladder stone.
Twenty-eight day repeated exposure of human 3D bronchial epithelial model to heated tobacco aerosols indicates decreased toxicological responses compared to cigarette smoke
Authors: Chapman Fiona , Pour Sarah Jean , Wieczorek Roman , Trelles Sticken Edgar , Budde Jessica , Röwer Karin , Otte Sandra , Mason Elizabeth , Czekala Lukasz , Nahde Thomas , O’Connell Grant , Simms Liam , Stevenson Matthew 
Published: February 2023

Tobacco harm reduction (THR) involves providing adult smokers with potentially reduced harm modes of nicotine delivery as alternatives to smoking combustible cigarettes. Heated tobacco products (HTPs) form a category with THR potential due to their ability to deliver nicotine and flavours through heating, not burning, tobacco. By eliminating burning, heated tobacco does not produce smoke but an aerosol which contains fewer and lower levels of harmful chemicals compared to cigarette smoke. In this study we assessed the in vitro toxicological profiles of two prototype HTPs’ aerosols compared to the 1R6F reference cigarette using the 3D human (bronchial) MucilAir™ model. To increase consumer relevance, whole aerosol/smoke exposures were delivered repeatedly across a 28 day period (16, 32, or 48 puffs per exposure). Cytotoxicity (LDH secretion), histology (Alcian Blue/H&amp;E; Muc5AC; FoxJ1 staining), cilia active area and beat frequency and inflammatory marker (IL-6; IL-8; MMP-1; MMP-3; MMP-9; TNFα) levels were assessed. Diluted 1R6F smoke consistently induced greater and earlier effects compared to the prototype HTP aerosols across the endpoints, and in a puff dependent manner. Although some significant changes across the endpoints were induced by exposure to the HTPs, these were substantially less pronounced and less frequently observed, with apparent adaptive responses occurring over the experimental period. Furthermore, these differences between the two product categories were observed at a greater dilution (and generally lower nicotine delivery range) for 1R6F (1R6F smoke diluted 1/14, HTP aerosols diluted 1/2, with air). Overall, the findings demonstrate the THR potential of the prototype HTPs through demonstrated substantial reductions in toxicological outcomes in in vitro 3D human lung models.
Mobile Phone Use, Genetic Susceptibility and New-Onset Chronic Kidney Diseases
Authors: Zhang Yuanyuan , Zhang Yanjun , Ye Ziliang , Yang Sisi , Liu Mengyi , Wu Qimeng , Zhou Chun , He Panpan , Qin Xianhui 
Published: February 2023

Objective: To examine the associations of mobile phone use and its use characteristics with new-onset CKD.Methods: 408,743 participants without prior CKD in the UK Biobank were included. The primary outcome was new-onset CKD.Results: During a median follow-up of 12.1 years, 10,797 (2.6%) participants occurred CKD. Compared with mobile phone non-users, a significantly higher risk of new-onset CKD was found in mobile phone users (HR = 1.07; 95% CI: 1.02–1.13). Moreover, among mobile phone users, compared with participants with weekly usage time of mobile phone making or receiving calls &lt;30 min, a significantly higher risk of new-onset CKD was observed in those with usage time ≥30 min (HR = 1.12; 95% CI: 1.07–1.18). Moreover, participants with both high genetic risks of CKD and longer weekly usage time of mobile phones had the highest risk of CKD. Similar results were found using the propensity score matching methods. However, there were no significant associations of length of mobile phone use, and hands-free device/speakerphone use with new-onset CKD among mobile phone users.Conclusion: Mobile phone use was significantly associated with a higher risk of new-onset CKD, especially in those with longer weekly usage time of mobile phones making or receiving calls. Our findings and the underlying mechanisms should be further investigated.
Studies of Anomalous Phenomena in the Development of Electron-Nuclear Cascades in the EAS Cores Registered by a Modernized Complex Installation at Mountain Altitudes
Authors: Mukhamedshin Rauf , Sadykov Turlan , Serikkanov Abay , Argynova Alia , Iskakov Bakhtiar , Argynova Korlan , Mahmet Hanshain , Novolodskaya Olga , Idrissova Tunyk , Zhukov Valery , Piskal Vyacheslav , Sadykov Zhakypbek 
Published: February 2023

Phenomena have been observed in mountain high-energy cosmic-ray experiments, namely, a delayed absorption of high-energy cascades initiated by cosmic-ray hadrons in a lead absorber at E0≳ 1014 eV (so-called long-flying component), a coplanarity of most energetic particles in the central region of γ-ray−hadron superfamilies, and the so-called Tien Shan effect in EAS cores at E0≳ 1016 eV s>5 TeV. These effects are not described by theoretical models. The coplanarity is explained by the process of coplanar generation of most energetic secondary particles in interactions of superhigh-energy hadrons with the nuclei of air atoms. The other two phenomena are possibly explained with a high cross section for fragmentation-region charmed-hadron generation. To investigate these phenomena, a cosmic-ray detector array, including a very thick ionization calorimeter, is being upgraded to study EAS cores.
Open-Circuit Fault Detection and Location in AC-DC-AC Converters Based on Entropy Analysis
Authors: Morel Cristina , Akrad Ahmad 
Published: February 2023

Inverters and converters contain more and more power electronics switches which may subsequently affect their reliability. Therefore, fault detection and location are essential to improve their reliability and to ensure continuous operation. In this paper, an AC−DC−AC converter with three-phase inverter is investigated under permanent, single and multiple open-circuit fault scenarios. Many entropies and multiscale entropies are then proposed to evaluate the complexity of the output currents by quantifying their entropies over a range of temporal scales. Among the multitude of entropies, only some entropies are able to differentiate healthy from open-circuit faulty conditions. Moreover, the simulation results show that these entropies are able to detect and locate the arms of the bridge with open-circuit faults.
Timepix3: Temperature Influence on Radiation Energy Measurement with Si Sensor
Authors: Urban Martin , Nentvich Ondrej , Marek Lukas , Hudec Rene , Sieger Ladislav 
Published: February 2023

The Timepix3 readout ASIC chip is a hybrid pixelated radiation detector, designed at CERN, which contains a 256 px × 256 px matrix. Each of the 65,536 radiation-sensitive pixels can record an incoming particle, its energy deposition or time of arrival and measure them simultaneously. Since the detector is suitable for a wide range of applications from particle physics, national security and medicine to space science, it can be used in a wide range of temperatures. Until now, it has to be calibrated every time to the operating point of the application. This paper studies the possibility of energy measurement with Timepix3 equipped with a 500 m thick silicon sensor and MiniPIX readout interface in the temperatures between 10 ∘C and 70 ∘C with only one calibration. The detector has been irradiated by X-ray fluorescence photons in the energy range from 8 keV to 57 keV, and 31 keV to 81 keV photons from the 133Ba radioactive source. A deviation of 5% in apparent energy value may occur for a 10 ∘C change in temperature from the reference point, but, with the next temperature change, it can reach up to −30%. Moreover, Barium photons with an energy of 81 keV appear as deposited energy of only 55 keV at a detector temperature of 70 ∘C. An original compensation method that reduces the relative measurement error from −30% to less than 1% is presented in this paper.
CONTROLLING THE MOVEMENT OF A TOWED VESSEL BY CHANGING THE TENSION AND LENGTH OF THE TOWLINE
Authors: Yudin Yu , Ishcheikin G 
Published: February 2023

The article presents an analysis of ways to control the motion parameters of a towed vessel, which is part of the towing system, by adjusting the tension and (or) length of the towing cable during the towing operation. The
analysis is based on the results of model experiments using a mathematical model of a towed vessel and a towing cable. Based on systematic analysis of the process of movement of a towed vessel, the main dependences
of the values of the kinematic parameters of its movement were identified when adjusting the tension and length of the towing cable, and the most effective method of regulation was established.
An area-efficient sub-10 nW temperature-to-digital converter for thermopile temperature sensors
Authors: Lee Mao-Wei , Lin Hongchin , Lai Po-Wei 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
A 6.29 nW temperature-to-digital converter for IR radiation-based thermopile temperature sensors was designed and fabricated on the chip area of 0.068 mm2 using 90 nm CMOS technology. The sub-mV voltage produced by the sensor is nearly proportional to the temperature difference between the object and the environment and is converted to sub-nA current using the gate-leakage characteristics of PMOS transistors. The ratio of the sub-nA current and the reference current proportional to the sub-mV voltage difference is converted to the frequency ratio of the two current-to-frequency oscillators. Then, the digital output proportional to the tiny voltage difference can be obtained by the counters. After the two-point calibrated digital outputs are mapped to the object temperatures, the average resolution is 0.11 °C with a conversion time of 348 ms, which results in the figure of merit of 0.026 nJ × °C2. The inaccuracy of the object temperature is +0.26/−0.95 °C from −10 °C to 100 °C at the ambient temperature of 25 °C.
Precise pointing control of high-energy electron beam from laser wakefield acceleration using an aperture
Authors: Nakanii Nobuhiko , Huang Kai , Kondo Kotaro , Kiriyama Hiromitsu , Kando Masaki 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We demonstrated the precise directional control of high-energy electron beams of several hundred MeV by moving a circular serrated aperture smaller than the laser diameter perpendicular to the laser propagation direction before the final focusing optics in a laser system. This technique is simple and effective because the direction of the electron beam can be precisely controlled without any additional manipulation of the optics in the laser system and the gas target. This will be a useful guideline and of great significance for the future development towards practical uses and applications of laser–plasma accelerators.
Comunicação de ciência para o cidadão: os discursos em uso
Authors: Santana Elaine , Cardoso Ana Filipa , Bernardo Joana , Silva Sílvia , Santos Diana , Ventura Filipa , Loureiro Ricardo , Apóstolo João , Silva Rosa 
Published: February 2023

Atualmente, uma fração elevada e diversificada de conhecimento científico é publicado. Contudo, a publicação dos resultados científicos no campo académico e entre pares não garante que o conhecimento chegue à sociedade. Os cientistas têm o dever de transformar o conhecimento em produtos de fácil consumo, acessíveis às pessoas, no momento em que necessitam de tomar decisões conscientes e informadas, contribuindo para o empoderamento sobre aspetos da sua saúde e da sua vida. Analisar o léxico utilizado por entidades internacionais nas suas estruturas online para comunicar a ciência ao cidadão. Estudo exploratório, de natureza descritiva, com recurso a análise documental dos conteúdos publicados nos websites de 16 instituições científicas internacionais. O corpus textual foi organizado em 21 textos e submetido à análise com auxílio do software Interface de R pour Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionneires (IRAMUTEQ). O corpus foi organizado em dois campos contextuais: “Aproximação ao cidadão” e “Da compreensão pública de ciência à comunicação estratégica”. Posteriormente, foram categorizados os mundos lexicais “Interação”, “Envolvimento”, “Acessibilidade” e “Capacitação”. O léxico revelado nos discursos das instituições científicas permitiu identificar os campos conceptuais e os mundos lexicais que caracterizam os três modelos de comunicação existentes. Nas estratégias para comunicação de ciência reveladas é possível verificar elementos da transição e evolução dos próprios modelos ao longo dos anos. O modelo do défice, fortemente criticado na literatura, é representado pelo mundo lexical de menor representatividade, demonstrando que ainda possui raízes nas estratégias vigentes, porém constitui um modelo que já não responde suficientemente aos interesses e necessidade do público atual. Em contrapartida, os dois modelos subsequentes, apesar de apresentarem-se distantes nas análises de CHD, AFC e similitude, concorrem para objetivos semelhantes, e aproximam-se, de modo mais equitativo, a uma comunicação de ciência democrática e interativa.
MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE TEAMS GAMES TOURNAMENT TERHADAP MINAT DAN HASIL BELAJAR IPA SISWA SD
Authors: Nur'aini Siti , Hakim Lukman , Pratama Aldora 
Published: February 2023

Abstrak Tujuan riset ini untuk mengenali Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Teams Games Tournament Terhadap Minat serta Hasil Belajar IPA Siswa SD. Metode yang dipakai ialah metode kuantitatif dengan tipe eksperimen. Design yang dipakai ialah True Experimental Design dengan bentuk Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design. Populasi dalam riset ini merupakan semua siswa kelas V di SD Muhammadiyah 10 Palembang. Sampel dalam riset ini ialah siswa kelas VA sebagai kelas Eksperimen dan siswa kelas VB sebagai kelas Kontrol. Analisa data dilakukan melalui uji normalitas, uji homogenitas dan Uji Independet Sampel T-Test. Bersumber pada hasil analisis Angket Minat Belajar IPA diperoleh thitung sebesar 3,295 sedangkan ttabel sebesar 2,014. Karena t hitung > t tabel hingga dapat disimpulkan ada pengaruh Model Pembelajaraan Kooperatif Tipe Teams Games Tournament Terhadap Minat Belajar IPA Siswa SD. Demikian juga pula dengan analisa Hasil Belajar IPA diperoleh thitung sebesar 7,591 dan ttabel sebesar 2,014. Karena t hitung > t tabel maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada pengaruh Model Pembelajaraan Kooperatif Tipe Teams Games Tournament Terhadap Hasil Belajar IPA Siswa SD. Data dalam penelitian ini dihitung menggunakan Program Microsoft Excel 2019. Kata kunci : Model Pembelajaran Teams Games Tournament, Minat Belajar, Hasil Belajar. Abstract This research aims to know the impact of using Cooperative Learning Model In Type Teams Games Tournament Toward The Elementary School Students’ Interest And Result In Science. The researcher used quantitative method with experiment with True Experimental Design in the form of a Prestest-Posttest Control Group Design. The population used was fifth graders of SD Muhammadiyah 10 Palembang. The research samples are divided into two types, which are grade VA students as experiment class and grade VB students as control class. The data were analysed using Independent Sample T-Test which had previously tested normality and homogeneity. The result of data analysis in students’ science interest questionnaire, it obtained thitung = 3,295 while ttabel = 2,014. With this average, thitung>ttabel, there is an impact by using a cooperative learning model in type TGT toward elementary school students’ interest in learning science. Additionally, the result of data analysis in in learning sciences, it obtained thitung = 7,591 while ttabel = 2,014. With this average, thitung >ttabel, there is an impact by using a cooperative learning model in type TGT toward elementary school students’ result in learning science. The data calculation in this research was using Microsoft Excel 2019 program. Keywords: Teams Games Tournament Learning Model, Interest in Student Learning, Result In Science