bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance Improving of Wind Power Generation Systems Through Parameter Optimization and Dynamic Analysis of the Speed-Regulating Differential Transmission
Authors: Yin Wenliang , Liu Lin , Zhang Wenhua , Li Ming , Guo Youguang 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Hybrid drive wind power generation systems (WPGSs) equipped with speed-regulating differential mechanisms (SRDMs) have emerged as a promising solution for integrating large-scale wind energy into the power grid without the need for partially or fully rated converters. This article presents a comprehensive study on the dynamic analysis and parameter optimization of the SRDM-based transmission, with the aim of providing a sound foundation for the design and performance improvement of hybrid drive WPGSs. This study first formulates the kinematics, power flow, and mechanical efficiency of the SRDM and then proposes an effective parameter configuration model for optimizing the speed ratios of the key link units. The objective function is set as the minimum peak power required for speed regulation by the SRDM. Furthermore, to deal with the unique mechanical features such as dual power inputs, continuously variable transmission, and time-varying steering mechanism, an appropriate nonlinear dynamic modeling method of the SRDM transmission is developed. The torsion–translation vibration equations are derived and solved using the Runge–Kutta numerical integral method, considering randomly changing wind speed inputs and time-varying internal/external excitations. Results reveal that the sun gear experiences severe vibrations with the maximal and average vibration displacements of 0.563 mm and 0.112 mm, respectively, in the circumferential direction, while the planet gear exhibits complex frequency responses. Finally, specialized case studies are demonstrated to verify the proposed approaches, showing the satisfactory on-grid operating performance of the proposed SRDM-based WPGSs.
Elastic Field Evolution in Al–X (X = Sc, Zr, Er) Alloy During Heat Treatment, Insights From 3D-Multiphase Field Study
Authors: Dhanish S. , Daniel B. S. S. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Microstructural evolution and resulting stress, strain, and concentration field distribution during Al3X (X = Sc, Zr, Er) precipitation in Al matrix are investigated in this work using the 3D-multiphase field method. Depending on the heat treatment, modulus mismatch, lattice parameter mismatch, and interfacial free energy, precipitate developed to rhombicuboctahedron, and near cuboidal morphologies. The composition distribution and Al–Al3X transformation driving force map identified a difference in precipitation kinetics for each alloy. The precipitation mechanism in the three systems is analyzed in detail with temporal evolution plots of energy components during phase transformation. Al3Er precipitate exhibits the highest growth rate due to Er's high diffusivity and significant lattice parameter mismatch in the Al–Er system. The system has a high chemical and elastic driving force for particle growth, thus attaining quasi-static equilibrium at a relatively lower temperature and time. Therefore, this system observes high magnitude stress, strain, and strain energy field around the Al matrix. The theoretical simulation results obtained from the present study will benefit aluminum multicomponent alloy design for high-strength applications.
Physical Activity Among Young Children With Disabilities: A Systematic Review
Authors: Taylor Leah G. , Vanderloo Leigh M. , Yates Julia , Bassett-Gunter Rebecca L. , Stanley Meagan , Tucker Patricia 
Published: June 2023

Physical activity (PA) in the early years is foundational for growth and development and associated with numerous health benefits. However, the prevalence of PA participation among the pediatric population with disabilities is less clear. This systematic review aimed to synthesize the existing literature on PA levels of young children (0–5.99 years) with disabilities. Empirical quantitative studies were collected from seven databases and reference hand searching; 21 studies were included in the review. PA levels varied widely based on disability type and measurement strategies, but overall, PA levels were low. Future research should address the underrepresentation of measurement and reporting of the PA levels of young children with disabilities.
Effect of various types of extracellular DNA on
V. hyugaensis
biofilm formation
Authors: Gu Liu Carmen , Maresso Anthony W. 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT

Marine bacteria face a constant influx of new extracellular DNA (exDNA) due to the massive viral lysis that occurs in the ocean on a daily basis. Generally, biofilms have shown to be induced by self-secreted exDNA. However, the effect of various types of exDNA with varying lengths, self vs non-self, as well as guanine-cytosine content (GC) content on biofilm formation has not been explored, despite being a critical component of the extracellular polymeric substance. To test the effect of such exDNA on biofilms, a marine bioluminescent bacterium (
Vibrio hyugaensis
) was isolated from the Sippewissett Salt Marsh, USA, and treated with various types of exDNA. We observed rapid pellicle formation with distinct morphologies only in cultures treated with herring sperm gDNA, another
Vibrio
spp. gDNA, and an oligomer of 61–80% GC content. With pH measurements before and after the treatment, we observed a positive correlation between biofilm formation and the change to a more neutral pH. Our study highlights the importance of studying DNA-biofilm interaction by carefully examining the physical properties of the DNA and by varying its content, length, and source. Our observation may serve as the basis for future studies that seek to interrogate the molecular explanation for the various types of exDNA and their effects on biofilm formation.

IMPORTANCE

Bacteria mostly exist as biofilm, a protective niche that promotes protection from the environment and nutrient uptake. By forming these structures, bacteria have caused recalcitrant antibiotic-resistant infections, contamination of dairy and seafood, and fouling equipment in the industry. A critical component that makes up the extracellular polymeric substances, the structural component of a biofilm, is the extracellular DNA secreted by the bacteria found in the biofilm. However, previous studies on DNA and biofilm formation have neglected the unique properties of nucleic acid and its high diversity. Our study aims at disentangling these DNA properties by monitoring their effect at inducing biofilm formation. By varying length, self vs non-self, and GC percentage, we used various microscopy techniques to visualize the structural composition of a
Vibrio hyugaensis
biofilm. We observed DNA-dependent biofilm stimulation in this organism, a novel function of DNA in biofilm biology.
Limited efficacy of APRIL CAR in patients with multiple myeloma indicate challenges in the use of natural ligands for CAR T-cell therapy
Authors: Lee Lydia , Lim Wen Chean , Galas-Filipowicz Daria , Fung Kent , Taylor Julia , Patel Dominic , Akbar Zulaikha , Alvarez Mediavilla Elena , Wawrzyniecka Patrycja , Shome Debarati , Reijmers Rogier M , Gregg Trillian , Wood Leigh , Day William , Cerec Virginie , Ferrari Mathieu , Thomas Simon , Cordoba Shaun , Onuoha Shimobi , Khokhar Nushmia , Peddareddigari Vijay , Al-Hajj Muhammad , Cavet Jim , Zweegman Sonja , Rodriguez-Justo Manuel , Yong Kwee , Pule Martin , Popat Rakesh 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundWe used a proliferating ligand (APRIL) to construct a ligand-based third generation chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) able to target two myeloma antigens, B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA) and transmembrane activator and CAML interactor.MethodsThe APRIL CAR was evaluated in a Phase 1 clinical trial (NCT03287804, AUTO2) in patients with relapsed, refractory multiple myeloma. Eleven patients received 13 doses, the first 15×106CARs, and subsequent patients received 75,225,600 and 900×106CARs in a 3+3 escalation design.ResultsThe APRIL CAR was well tolerated. Five (45.5%) patients developed Grade 1 cytokine release syndrome and there was no neurotoxicity. However, responses were only observed in 45.5% patients (1×very good partial response, 3×partial response, 1×minimal response). Exploring the mechanistic basis for poor responses, we then compared the APRIL CAR to two other BCMA CARs in a series of in vitro assays, observing reduced interleukin-2 secretion and lack of sustained tumor control by APRIL CAR regardless of transduction method or co-stimulatory domain. There was also impaired interferon signaling of APRIL CAR and no evidence of autoactivation. Thus focusing on APRIL itself, we confirmed similar affinity to BCMA and protein stability in comparison to BCMA CAR binders but reduced binding by cell-expressed APRIL to soluble BCMA and reduced avidity to tumor cells. This indicated either suboptimal folding or stability of membrane-bound APRIL attenuating CAR activation.ConclusionsThe APRIL CAR was well tolerated, but the clinical responses observed in AUTO2 were disappointing. Subsequently, when comparing the APRIL CAR to other BCMA CARs, we observed in vitro functional deficiencies due to reduced target binding by cell-expressed ligand.
Big Rip in Swiss-cheese brane-worlds with cosmic transit
Authors: Ahmed Nasr , Fekry M. , Kamel Tarek M. 
Published: June 2023

We study the Big Rip scenario in Swiss-cheese brane-worlds. The results obtained have been found to be independent of the value of the cosmological constant Λ whether it is positive, negative, or zero. Negative tension branes are not allowed in the current model. There is a sign flipping in cosmic pressure corresponding to the sign flipping in the deceleration parameter from positive to negative. The evolution of the equation of state parameter shows the presence of three phases: the matter-dominant decelerating era, the accelerated-Quitessence phase, and the phantom phase. The evolution of the potential and kinetic term also shows a change of sign. The energy conditions and cosmographic parameters have also been investigated.
Exact solution of Dirac–Rosen–Morse problem in curved space–time
Authors: de Oliveira M.D. 
Published: June 2023

In this work, we extend the analysis of the relativistic Dirac–Rosen–Morse problem in curved space–time. For that, we consider the Dirac equation in curved space–time with line element d s2 = (1 + α2 U( r))2(d t2 − d r2) −  r2dθ2 −  r2sin 2θdϕ2, where α is fine structural constant, U( r) is a scalar potential, and in the presence of the electromagnetic field Aμ = ( V( r), cA( r), 0, 0). Because of the spherical symmetry, the angular spinor is given in terms of the spherical harmonics. For the radial spinor, we apply a unitary transformation and define the vector component of the electromagnetic field A( r) written as a function of V( r) and U( r) so as to solve the radial spinor for Dirac–Rosen–Morse problem. Graphical analyses were performed comparing the eigenenergies and the probability densities in curved and flat space–time to visualize the influence of curvature in space–time on the two-component radial spinor, with the upper and lower components representing the particle and antiparticle, respectively.
Enhanced photoelectrochemical water oxidation of a BiVO4/tetra(amino)phthalocyanine composite photoanode
Authors: Sudi M. Shire , Zhao Long , Dou Yuqin , Yang Xin , Wang Qi , Wang Aijian , Zhu Weihua 
Published: June 2023

We present a method for synthesizing a BiVO4composite photoanode using electrodeposition on FTO glass and show how the incorporation of tetra(amino)phthalocyanine (TAPC) improves its photoelectrochemical water oxidation properties. The conducted photocatalytic tests show that the incorporation of TAPC improved photocurrent generation, electron-hole generation, and separation as well as the stability of the BiVO4/TAPC composite material. The current densities of the pristine BiVO4and BiVO4/TAPC for photoelectrochemical water oxidation under operational conditions at 1.6 V vs. Ag/AgCl were found to be 1.7 and 3.1 mA cm[Formula: see text], respectively, which were estimated to be almost twice that of pristine BiVO4. The improved photoelectrochemical water oxidation performance of the BiVO4/TAPC composite may also be attributed to the enhanced surface area and surface redox reaction. These results demonstrate the potential of TAPC as a promising candidate for improving the performance of BiVO4photoanodes in various applications.
FastSpeechStyle: Fast, Emotion Controllable, and High-Quality Speech Synthesis
Authors: Nguyen Van-Thinh , Do Tri-Nhan , Pham Hung-Cuong , Ho Tuan-Vu , Ngoc Minh-Khanh Nguyen , Mac Dang-Khoa 
Published: June 2023

Non-autoregressive text-to-speech models such as Fastspeech2 can fast synthesize high-quality speech. This model also allows explicit control of the speech signal’s pitch, energy, and speed. However, controlling emotion while maintaining natural human-like speech is still a problem. In this work, we propose an expressive speech synthesis model that can synthesize high-quality speech with desired emotion. The proposed model includes two main components (1) Mel Emotion Encoder extracts emotion embedding from the Mel-spectrogram of audio, (2) the FastSpeechStyle, a non-autoregressive model, which is modified from vanilla Fastspeech2. The FastSpeechStyle used an Improved Conformer block, which replaces normal LayerNorm with Style Adaptive LayerNorm to “shift” and “scale” hidden features according to emotion embedding, instead of vanilla FFTBlock [Y. Ren, Y. Ruan, X. Tan, T. Qin, S. Zhao, Z. Zhao and T.-Y. Liu, Fastspeech: Fast, robust and controllable text to speech, Adv. Neural Inf. Process. Syst. 32 (2019)] to better model the local and global dependency in the acoustic model. We also propose a specific inference strategy to control the desired emotion of speech. The experimental results show that (1) The proposed model with improved Conformer achieved higher scores than the baseline model in all naturalness and emotion similarity scores; (2) The proposed model still maintains fast inference speed like the baseline model.
The Qingdao Pattern and U.S.-Chinese Crisis Management: The KMT, the CCP, and the U.S. Marines in Qingdao during the Chinese Civil War (1945–1949)
Authors: Zhang Weizhen , Peng Tao 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
After the Second World War ended in 1945, the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) tried to seize Qingdao, a major port city on the Shandong Peninsula. The landing of U.S. Marines there foiled the CCP's attempt. With the support of the Kuomintang (KMT)—the CCP's main enemy—the U.S. Marines stayed in Qingdao throughout the civil war in China, from late 1945 to mid-1949. Drawing on archival sources from China, the United States, the former Soviet Union, Great Britain, and Japan, this article explores CCP-KMT-U.S. interactions regarding the presence of U.S. Marines in Qingdao. The KMT-CCP civil war influenced—and was influenced by—the presence of the Marines in Qingdao. The KMT government depended on the U.S. Marines for security, whereas the CCP, opposing the U.S. presence, took a tough propaganda stance but remained cautious in its actions. The United States ultimately decided to withdraw the Marines to avoid overt involvement in the Chinese civil war. This type of triangular engagement influenced the future pattern of Cold War confrontations among the three parties.
The Case of Mleh (1170–1175): Cilician Armenia between Nūr al-Dīn and Manuel I Komnenos
Authors: Takirtakoglou Konstantinos 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The present paper discusses the reign of the Rubenid lord of Armenian Cilicia, Mleh (1170–1175), and examines his relations with the two great powers of the period, the Byzantine Empire and the Zengids under Nūr al-Dīn (1146–1174). Through examination of the contemporary sources of the period, the following conclusions may be drawn: Firstly, Manuel (1143–1180) did not send an expeditionary force against Mleh. On the contrary, Mleh faced and defeated the local Byzantine garrisons. Secondly, the Crusaders waged a campaign against Mleh in 1173, which was partially successful as it forced the Rubenid lord to recognize the suzerainty of the king of Jerusalem, albeit temporarily. Thirdly, a consequence of the Crusader success was the Byzantine re-conquest of the cities of the Cilician Plain. Finally, Mleh’s status as a client of Nur al-Din does not relate to his religious identity. The sources make it clear that he remained a Christian.
A Record of the Tea Retreat: The Chaliao ji by Lu Shusheng
Authors: Zanini Livio 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The Chaliao ji 茶寮記 (A Record of the Tea Retreat) by the scholar-official Lu Shusheng 陸樹聲 (1509–1605) stands out in the vast corpus of essays on tea produced in the late Ming dynasty for two reasons. Firstly, the social status of its author, who held the highest official position among all tea writers of the period, shows that tea appreciation was actively discussed among the highest echelons of the late Ming gentry. Secondly, the Chaliao ji is the earliest publication to bring together the issues of the construction of a private tea room, prescriptions for the preparation of loose-leaf tea, as well as instructions for savouring the beverage, thus further delineating specific aspects of literati tea culture as social markers.
This study examines the background and content of Chaliao ji. It first provides an overview of Lu Shusheng’s biography, from his experience in officialdom to his later life in retirement, focusing on his construction of a garden and his commitment to Buddhism and tea appreciation. It then discusses the contents of the text, the several extant editions and issues regarding its authorship. Finally, it provides an English translation of the Chaliao ji accompanied by the Chinese text and commentary.
Comitatives and Instrumentals in Thai: A Diachronic Typological Perspective
Authors: Pothipath Vipas 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Languages can be divided into three types with respect to the encoding of comitatives and instrumentals: identity, differentiation and mixed (Stolz, Stroh and Urdze 2013). Diachronic data from Thai dating from 13th to 21st centuries ce suggests that these three language types correspond to the three stages of development of the relation between the two categories in Thai, which progress as follows. Between the 13th and the mid-18th centuries, Thai employed the pattern of identity. In general, the preposition dûaj ‘with’ was the relator for the two categories. Later, in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, Thai displayed mixed structures. While the preposition dûaj was preserved to encode both categories, the preposition kàp ‘and/with’ was also the relator for the comitative. Still later, from the mid-19th century to the present, Thai favored differentiation. The preposition dûaj remains in its function as an instrumental relator, while the preposition kàp has been employed as a comitative relator.
Independence or Interdependence?: The Thai Self-Construal as Reflected by Linguistic Evidence
Authors: Panpothong Natthaporn , Phakdeephasook Siriporn 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Self-construal can influence the ways people in distinct cultures think, perceive and interact with others. To date, scholars still present different arguments on the prominent self-construal of Thais. The present study aims at examining Thai linguistic data including proverbs, sayings, cultural key terms and interactional data in response to the question of whether Thai culture places emphasis on independent or interdependent perspectives of the self. The findings reveal that Thai sayings, proverbs and cultural key terms reflect both independent and interdependent self-construals. Yet, those that stress interdependency outnumber independency. As for interactional practices in daily exchanges, the usage of pronominal terms, final particles for (im)politeness and lexical variants marking interpersonal relationships make it mandatory for Thai speakers to pay attention to interpersonal relationships. Lastly, in task-based superior-subordinate conversations, collaborative and non-confrontational styles are preferred by Thai superiors. Their interactional style reflects features influenced by interdependent self-construal.
Resolving therapy resistance mechanisms in multiple myeloma by multiomics subclone analysis
Authors: Poos Alexandra M. , Prokoph Nina , Przybilla Moritz J. , Mallm Jan-Philipp , Steiger Simon , Seufert Isabelle , John Lukas , Tirier Stephan M. , Bauer Katharina , Baumann Anja , Rohleder Jennifer , Munawar Umair , Rasche Leo , Kortüm K. Martin , Giesen Nicola , Reichert Philipp , Huhn Stefanie , Müller-Tidow Carsten , Goldschmidt Hartmut , Stegle Oliver , Raab Marc S. , Rippe Karsten , Weinhold Niels 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Intratumor heterogeneity as a clinical challenge becomes most evident after several treatment lines, when multidrug-resistant subclones accumulate. To address this challenge, the characterization of resistance mechanisms at the subclonal level is key to identify common vulnerabilities. In this study, we integrate whole-genome sequencing, single-cell (sc) transcriptomics (scRNA sequencing), and chromatin accessibility (scATAC sequencing) together with mitochondrial DNA mutations to define subclonal architecture and evolution for longitudinal samples from 15 patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. We assess transcriptomic and epigenomic changes to resolve the multifactorial nature of therapy resistance and relate it to the parallel occurrence of different mechanisms: (1) preexisting epigenetic profiles of subclones associated with survival advantages, (2) converging phenotypic adaptation of genetically distinct subclones, and (3) subclone-specific interactions of myeloma and bone marrow microenvironment cells. Our study showcases how an integrative multiomics analysis can be applied to track and characterize distinct multidrug-resistant subclones over time for the identification of molecular targets against them.
Soluble CD163 predicts outcome in both chemoimmunotherapy and targeted therapy–treated mantle cell lymphoma
Authors: Nikkarinen Anna , Lokhande Lavanya , Amini Rose-Marie , Jerkeman Mats , Porwit Anna , Molin Daniel , Enblad Gunilla , Kolstad Arne , Räty Riikka , Hutchings Martin , Weibull Caroline E. , Hollander Peter , Ek Sara , Glimelius Ingrid 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The outcome for patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) has drastically improved with new treatments directed toward the tumor immune microenvironment, where macrophages play an important role. In MCL, the presence of M2 macrophages defined by CD163 expression in diagnostic biopsies has been associated with a worse prognosis. An alternative way to assess the abundance of M2 macrophages is by measuring the level of soluble CD163 in serum (sCD163). We aimed to investigate the prognostic value of sCD163 in 131 patients with MCL. We found that high sCD163 at diagnosis was associated with shorter progression-free survival (PFS) and shorter overall survival (OS) in 81 patients who were newly diagnosed and subsequently treated with chemoimmunotherapy. The same was seen in a cohort of 50 patients with relapsed MCL that were mainly treated within the phase 2 Philemon-trial with rituximab, ibrutinib, and lenalidomide. In patients who were newly diagnosed and had low levels of sCD163, 5-year survival was 97%. There was a moderate correlation between sCD163 and tissue CD163. The association with a poor prognosis was independent of MCL international prognostic index, Ki67, p53 status, and blastoid morphology, as assessed in a multivariable Cox proportional hazards model. In this study, high sCD163 was associated with both shorter PFS and shorter OS, showing that high levels of the M2 macrophage marker sCD163 is an independent negative prognostic factor in MCL, both in the chemoimmunotherapy and ibrutinib/lenalidomide era. In addition, low sCD163 levels identify patients with MCL with a very good prognosis.