bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictors of HIV testing among youth 15–24 years in urban Ethiopia, 2017–2018 Ethiopia population-based HIV impact assessment
Authors: Ajiboye Aderonke S. , Eshetu Frehywot , Lulseged Sileshi , Getaneh Yimam , Tademe Nadew , Kifle Tsigereda , Bray Rachel , Eshete Hailegnaw , Demissie Yohannes , Dykewicz Clare A. , Hoos David ,   EPHIA Study Group
Published: July 2023

Introduction
Youth (adolescents and young adults) aged 15–24 years comprise approximately 22% of Ethiopia’s total population and make up 0.73% of HIV cases in urban Ethiopia. However, only 63% of HIV-positive youth are aware of their HIV status. We describe the HIV testing behaviors of youth 15–24 years and determined the characteristics of those who were most likely to be tested for HIV within the past year.

Methods
Using data from the 2017–2018 Ethiopia Population-based HIV Impact Assessment, we provide survey-weighted estimates and prevalence risk ratios for engagement in HIV testing in the 12 months preceding the survey. We model the likelihood of HIV testing one year or more before the survey compared to never testing, using a multinomial logistic regression model.

Results
Among HIV-negative and unaware HIV-positive youth 15–24 years old (N = 7,508), 21.8% [95% Confidence Interval (CI): 20.4–23.3%] reported testing for HIV in the last 12 months. Female youth [Prevalence Ratio (PR) = 1.6, 95% CI: 1.4–1.8], those aged 20–24 years (PR = 2.6, 95% CI:2.3–2.9), and those ever married (PR = 2.8, 95% CI: 2.5–3.1) were more likely to have tested for HIV within the last year. Adjusting for select demographic characteristics, sex with a non-spousal or non-live-in partner [Relative Risk (RR) = 0.3, 95% CI:0.1–0.8] among males did not increase their likelihood to test for HIV in the prior 12 months. Female youth engaged in antenatal care (RR = 3.0, 95% CI: 1.7–5.3) were more likely to test for HIV in the past year.

Conclusion
The Ethiopian HIV case finding strategy may consider approaches for reaching untested youth, with a specific focus on adolescent males,15–19 years of age. This is critical towards achieving the UNAIDS HIV testing goal of 95% of all individuals living with HIV aware of their status by 2030.
Mothers’ health care seeking behavior for neonatal danger sign in southern Ethiopia: Community based cross–sectional study
Authors: Mesele Molalegn , Abebe Kelemu , Dessu Samuel , Anmut Walellign , Yeshambel Addisu , Dawit Zinabu , Tekalign Tiwabwork , Atnafu Natnael , Fikadu Yohannes 
Published: July 2023

Background
Over the previous few decades, significant progress has been made in reducing newborn mortality, but the worldwide scale of the problem remains high. A considerable number of newborn death and difficulties owing to neonatal danger signs could be avoided if mothers sought appropriate health care for common neonatal risk indications, according to a number of studies presently underway in Ethiopia. The aim of this study is to assess health care seeking behavior of mothers’ in related to neonatal danger signs.

Method
A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 410 participants in Wolaita Sodo, From October 1 to October 30, 2019. To collect data, structured interviewer administered questionnaire was used. Data was coded, cleaned, recoded and entered in to epi-data version 3.1 and transported to SPSS window version 21 for analysis. Multivariable logistic regression was carried out and p-value of less than or equal to 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Result
A total of 410 mothers participated in this study, 110 (47.6%) mothers preferred health intuition for their neonate. Husband educational status (AOR = 2.4, 95% CI = 1.1, 5.5), communication media (AOR = 4.3, 95% CI = 2.4, 7.5), place of residence (AOR = 3.5, 95% C.I = 1.9, 6.7), ANC follow up (AOR = 2.8, 95% CI = 1.4, 5.8), and PNC follow (AOR = 1.7, 95% CI = 1.1, 3.1) were all factors that significantly associated with health care seeking practice neonatal dander signs.

Conclusion
Overall, there was a low degree of health-seeking practice. The educational status of the mother’s husband, communication media, residence, ANC follow-up, and PNC follow-up all predicted the mothers’ health-care seeking behavior. The study also identifies the Wolaita Zone and Sodo town health offices, the health development army, one to five local community organizations with and health extension workers as key contributors.
Yoga and Multiple Sclerosis: Maintaining engagement in physical activity
Authors: Naisby Jenni , Wilson-Menzfeld Gemma , Baker Katherine , Morris Rosie , Robinson Jonathan , Barry Gill 
Published: July 2023

Background
Physical activity is encouraged for people with Multiple Sclerosis. Yoga is a popular form of physical activity and is chosen by some people with Multiple Sclerosis. However, little is known about the impact of yoga for this population, alongside what influences ongoing engagement.

Aim
The aim of this study is to qualitatively explore the impact of online home-based yoga on people with Multiple Sclerosis and to explore factors that influence engagement.

Methods
A qualitative study using semi-structured interviews and focus groups with people with Multiple Sclerosis and a yoga teacher. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. Ethical Approval was gained from Northumbria University.

Findings
Three overarching themes emerged from the analysis. ‘Yoga as engagement in physical activity’ captured the reasoning for participating in yoga and how this method of physical activity was an alternative to physical activity done prior to diagnosis. Frustration was apparent within this theme that some individuals were unable to engage in the range of physical activity that they wished to. ‘Yoga is a personalised approach’ demonstrated the flexibility and inclusivity of yoga, for individuals with varying symptoms to be able to engage with. Finally, ‘yoga impacts individuals both physically and psychologically’ captured the focus on the psychological impact of yoga, improving wellbeing and control.

Conclusions
Yoga gives people with Multiple Sclerosis the feeling of control over their symptoms and a means to engage with meaningful physical activity. Prior involvement in physical activity influenced engagement in yoga and wanting to push themselves. There was reluctance among this group to engage with aerobic activity, which warrants future investigation and support from health and exercise professionals.
United States Department of Agriculture nutrition assistance programs during the COVID-19 pandemic: A scoping review protocol
Authors: Soldavini Jessica , Read Margaret , Clay Lauren 
Published: July 2023

Objective
The goal of this scoping review is to examine the published research on federal nutrition assistance programs administered by the United States (U.S.) Department of Agriculture during the COVID-19 pandemic, in the U.S., U.S. territories, and tribal nations. The review will identify the scope of the available research and provide research and policy recommendations.

Introduction
The COVID-19 pandemic made individuals more vulnerable to experiencing food insecurity. Federal nutrition assistance programs help to address food insecurity and have been rapidly adapting to meet food and nutrition needs among affected communities during the COVID-19 pandemic. It is important to understand the scope of the current research on this topic to help inform future research, practice, and policy recommendations.

Inclusion criteria
This review will include studies focused on federal nutrition assistance programs administered by the U.S. Department of Agriculture during the COVID-19 pandemic. The scoping review will consider all primary research designs.

Methods
Pubmed, CINHAL, Scopus, and Proquest’s Health Management databases will be used for the literature search. Only articles published in English since March 1, 2020 will be considered. Titles/abstracts followed by full-text articles will be reviewed to determine which articles meet the inclusion criteria and should be included in the review. Data will be extracted from each included article using a data extraction template in Covidence that will be developed by the study team. Data extracted will include information on key findings related to the review questions. At each step, two independent reviewers will be assigned to each article. Data will be summarized and presented in tables, charts, and narrative summary.
On metonymy-based lexical innovations in Nigerian Pidgin English and Tok Pisin: A cognitive linguistic perspective
Authors: Kosecki Krzysztof 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
As contact languages, pidgins and creoles arise in mixed linguistic environments. Drawing much of their vocabularies from one, frequently European, language and – to a lesser extent – from a number of indigenous languages, they have lexicons that are reduced in comparison with those of their lexifiers. To compensate for the poor lexification, pidgin and creoles create novel polysemy-based extensions of lexical items or develop periphrastic constructions equivalent of the missing lexical roots. Assuming a cognitive linguistic perspective, which emphasizes the role of conceptualization in the construction of meaning and the figurative character of concepts, the paper deals with the lexicons of Nigerian Pidgin English and Tok Pisin, two contact languages representative for the Atlantic and the Pacific – the two major areas of linguistic contact. The analysis focuses on the first of the above-mentioned compensation strategies. It is argued that (i) the expressions borrowed from English and various indigenous languages acquire senses that are absent in English; (ii) the new senses are frequently based on metonymy, which serves as a major polysemy-based strategy of lexicon extension; (iii) most of the novel lexical extensions fall within the metonymic patterns that are well-established in English.
Prototypes in emotion concepts
Authors: Wilson Paul , Lewandowska-Tomaszczyk Barbara 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Although we have gained great insight into the variety of cultural influences on emotion concept prototypes from a plethora of studies examining such cross-cultural effects, there has been relatively little academic focus on the nature of emotion concept prototypes within a cultural perspective. Our discussion of the nature of emotion concept prototypes centres on essentialist versus non-essentialist principles. We argue that at a general, decontextualised level, essentialist and non-essentialist principles predict similarity in the structure of emotion concept prototypes. We further argue that context is central in assessments of the nature of emotion concept prototypes from a cultural perspective. Rather than asking how emotion concept prototypes differ as a consequence of how certain influences might vary from one culture to another, a key question is whether emotion concept prototypes vary in different contexts within and between cultures and what this might inform us about the nature of emotion concept prototypes.
The emotional strain in community interpreting: Cognitive aspects of direct versus indirect address as observed by interpreters
Authors: Boczarski Przemysław 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In Poland, as in most countries, interpreting (similarly to translation) is a free profession (apart from sworn translation and interpreting rendered by certified translators and interpreters) which does not adhere to any particular prescriptive code or officially accepted regulations. Efforts have been made both internationally and domestically to introduce a set of universal principles or a professional working framework on commercial and scholar grounds (various codes of conduct drafted by organisations worldwide) to standardise techniques and approaches to interpreting with the aim of establishing a set of practices to ensure high quality interpreting. Regardless of the prescriptive nature of such codes or guidelines and the work of scholars, one of the matters that is of essence and still seems open for discussion is the choice of the grammatical person in which interpreters render and relay interpreted messages to their clients. This article presents a short description of what community interpreting is, its place within the interpreting domain, and it focuses on the aspect of direct/indirect address (using first or third grammatical person, respectively, while interpreting), its emotional and cognitive strain which the interpreters experience, and related lexical and grammatical choices they consequently make. The purpose of the article is the identification of possible reasons of such choices on the basis of feedback received from professionally active interpreters (both as full-time and part-time interpreters) in diverse settings: business, community, remote interpreting. The study reveals that the choice of grammatical person depends on many factors, such as cognitive and emotional strain, personal preference, context, client, and, in most cases, it is not dictated by any code of conduct.
Das Virtuelle Koordinatenmessgerät – ein Digitaler Metrologischer Zwilling
Authors: Härtig Frank , Kniel Karin , Heißelmann Daniel 
Published: July 2023

Zusammenfassung
Koordinatenmessgeräte (KMG) sind universell einsetzbare Längenmessgeräte zur Erfassung dreidimensionaler Objekte. Bei einer Messung unterliegen die einzelnen Messpunkte individuellen Einflüssen, die zur Messunsicherheit der Messergebnisse beitragen. Sind alle signifikanten Einflüsse erfasst, kann ein Messprozess mit dem sogenannten Virtuellen Koordinatenmessgerät (VCMM) vollständig simuliert werden. Ein wesentliches Ziel des VCMM ist die automatische Berechnung eines Messergebnisses unter Angabe eines Messwertes und seiner zugehörigen Messunsicherheit. Dies ist insbesondere für die noch in der Entwicklung befindlichen Rückführung für dimensionelle Messaufgaben an Großbauteilen für die Windenergie von Bedeutung, da materielle Normale in der erforderlichen Größe oftmals nicht zur Verfügung stehen. Für derart neue metrologische Herausforderungen werden Digitale Metrologische Zwillinge (D-MT), die wie das VCMM einen Messprozess vollständig abbilden, von zentraler Bedeutung. Dieser Beitrag beschreibt erstmalig die Definition für einen D-MT und die daraus resultierenden grundlegenden Anforderungen. An Messaufgaben wird gezeigt, welche Kriterien für vertrauenswürdige Eingangsdaten eines D-MT erfüllt sein müssen. Darüber hinaus wird auf die wichtige Unterscheidung zwischen systematisch bekannten, systematisch unbekannten und zufälligen Abweichungen eingegangen. Abschließend wird beschrieben, wie die zuverlässige Nutzung eines D-MT validiert und quantifiziert werden kann.
Characterization of Partial Drainage during Medusa Flat Dilatometer Testing
Authors: Oberhollenzer Simon , Hauser Laurin , Brand Fabian , Marte Roman , Tschuchnigg Franz , Schweiger Helmut F. , Marchetti Diego 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The flat dilatometer (DMT) is a widely recognized in situ test for site characterization and parameter identification. The penetration procedure is stopped periodically for total stress measurements (A, B, and C pressures) along a circular, expandable membrane, situated at one side of the blade. Changes in pore water pressure are not measured during test execution and are assumed to remain constant for data interpretation. The enhanced Medusa DMT equipment used in this study enables a fully automated test execution and requires no manual membrane expansion by the operator. Changes in pore water pressure can be studied by measuring the A pressure automatically over time at a defined membrane expansion. In the present study, Medusa DMT were executed at three test sites (Rhesi and Lokalbahn Salzburg in Austria; Fucino in Italy) to investigate, on the one hand, partial drainage effects in different soil types using variable membrane expansion rates and repeated A readings and on the other hand, to study the influence of partial drainage on existing correlations (used for parameter identification). The present results indicate that partial dissipation of generated excess pore water pressures occurs in a wide range of soils during test execution. The degree of dissipation can additionally be influenced by the soil heterogeneity, especially in silty soils. Soil parameters and intermediate parameters determined based on A readings are less influenced by partial drainage effects compared with parameters, derived from the difference of corrected B and A readings. The influence of partial drainage on the latter correlations increases in fine-grained soils, characterized by small differences in B and A pressure. Therefore, pressure readings should be corrected about partial drainage effects based on an enhanced testing procedure, considering repeated A readings (DMT-RA).
Methodological features of the development of the communicative competence of local general practitioner in preventive counseling
Authors: Astanina S. Yu. , Kalinina A. M. , Shepel R. N. , Drapkina O. M. 
Published: July 2023

There is a contradiction between the need of teachers of internal medicine departments in the methodology for communicative competence (CC) of general practitioners in brief preventive counseling and the lack of evidence-based classes on CC formation in brief preventive counseling.The existing contradiction made it possible to identify the research problem — the need to develop a methodology for the development of CC of general practitioners in brief preventive counseling.In the context of the problem, the study aim was determined — to define the methodological features of CC formation in the general practitioner in brief preventive counseling.To achieve this goal, the following research methods were used: theoretical: theoretical analysis of philosophical, pedagogical, psychological and methodological literature; designing the educational process; experimental: direct and indirect pedagogical observation, pedagogical experiment, questioning, control sections.The methodological features of CC formation are the simultaneous development of the intellectual and emotional fields of the doctor’s personality (communication skills in conducting all stages of brief preventive counseling) and the volitional field of the doctor’s personality (belief in the need to master the CC of doctor-patient interaction).The method of doctor’s CC development is based on the technology of educational training. The content of the training is a system of three following components: cognitive component — knowledge of the regulatory framework for conducting brief preventive counseling; knowledge about the criteria for its effectiveness; features of the management and principles of implementation; emotional and motivational component — the formation of personally significant ideas about oneself as a subject of professional communication in the process of brief preventive counseling; the behavioral component is the formation of the doctor’s beliefs in the need to master communicative skills that ensure the formation of competence in brief preventive counseling.The results of its experimental implementation for the formation of a doctor CC showed a high level of development: skills in conducting all stages of brief preventive counseling; beliefs in the need for the doctor to master the CC of doctor-patient interaction.
Ways to optimize preventive measures in areas remote from the regional center
Authors: Bulavko Ya. E. , Timofeev E. V. , Isakov V. A. , Kondratev G. V. , Sousova Ya. V. , Abdalieva Ch. A. , Alkak K.D.Yu. , Galenko A. S. , Ibraeva G. A. , Reeva S V. 
Published: July 2023

Aim. To identify problems in the management of preventive examinations in remote areas, using the example of the Khvoininsky district of the Novgorod Oblast and ways to improve it. The article reveals the problems of managing preventive measures in the regions of the Russian Federation, remote from the regional center.Material and methods. Observations and experience of preventive measures carried out by the staff of St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University within the "University — Region" project, data from electronic medical records of 178 patients were used.Results. A high proportion of loss to follow-up was noted — 99 out of 278 (36%). The bulk was patients over 40 years old, who were assigned to health group IIIa. The difficulty of conducting medical examinations in a sparsely populated area is associated with insufficient awareness of the population, combined with low interest, a shortage of specialists, untimely necessary studies, a significant bureaucratic work, unstable Internet connection, and insufficient cancer awareness among medical workers.Conclusion. Expanding the promotion and information component of preventive measures, increasing patient focus, combining the first and second stages of clinical examination into one with subsequent convenient routing of patients, introducing telemedicine technologies and portable diagnostic complexes, improving the professional knowledge and competencies of primary care physicians — all these activities are aimed at improving coverage of population, increasing the adherence of patients with effective medical follow-up.
A method for studying the frequency stability of materials during tests for multi-cycle fatigue of steel
Authors: Myl’nikov V. V. , Dmitriev E. A. 
Published: July 2023

For trouble-free operation without loss of elastic and inelastic properties of particularly critical elements of electrical-to-mechanical vibration converters during a long period of cyclic operation, it is necessary, in addition to studying the fatigue characteristics of materials used for their manufacture, to study these alloys for frequency stability, since minor deviations in the frequency of natural oscillations lead to unacceptable errors in the operation of such high-precision products. To carry out such studies, we developed and constructed an original installation, in which sinusoidal loading is carried out according to the “soft” scheme of flat samples cantilever bending operating in self-oscillation mode. The frequency of cyclic loading in this installation is generated by current pulses, which are a response to the frequency of the test sample natural oscillations converted using electronics. As a result, frequency equality is achieved in the test process. An algorithm for calculating stresses depending on the loading amplitude of steel samples of different geometric shapes was developed. It is shown that the stress on the sample calculated by the deformation amplitude in all cases is 8 – 10 % higher than the stress calculated by the force, regardless of the shape of the proposed samples. To verify the proposed research method, martensitic-aging steel was tested at loads close to the fatigue limit, since frequency stability in this range is of great interest. We obtained the frequency characteristics in the multi-cycle test area. It was determined that with an operating time of 50 million loading cycles, the frequency change was 0.75 Hz. The dynamics of frequency stability was revealed: the frequency changed most intensively during the first 10 million loading cycles, during this time the frequency changed by 0.54 Hz.