bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simulation-Based Characterization of Tube-Cap Resistance Butt Welding of Nuclear Fuel for Light Water Reactors and Development of Melted-Volume Prediction Models
Authors: Na Tae-Hyung 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe most important process in the manufacture of light-water reactor nuclear fuel rods is tube-cap welding, which serves to seal radioactive uranium materials. Tube-cap welding is a method commonly used in production by sealing various materials into tubes and caps, and is used in the manufacture of fuel rods in nuclear power plants. In this study, the simulation-based characterization of tube-cap welding was carried out to understand the underlying mechanisms that govern the welding process and to use a model that can predict the melted volume during the welding process. The simulation results were then used to analyze the effects of various welding parameters on the melted volume during welding process. To analyze the mechanism of welding phenomena in the tube-cap welding, various weld variables such as welding current, overlap length, and force were used. Those are the main variables in the tube-cap welding used in nuclear fuel rods manufacturing thought simulation. To predict the melted volume of the weld, a regression model and a neural network were used to predict the amount of melt using the process with the main process variables as input variables. The study quantitatively determined the effects of each welding variable on the melted volume and analyzed the correlation between two factors.
Prognostic factors and the necessity of chemotherapy for stage II gastric cancer: a model based on multicenter retrospective study
Authors: Fang Jiaming , Zhang Feiyang , Lu Jun , Deng Zijian , Li Xianzhe , Chen Xijie , Huang Changming , Chen Yingbo , Lian Lei , Peng Junsheng , Chen Shi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to construct a prognostic model for prognosis prediction and assess the response to adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) of stage II gastric cancer (GC) patients on high and low survival risk stratifications.

Methods
We retrospectively reviewed 547 stage II gastric cancer patients who underwent D2 radical gastrectomy from January 2009 to May 2017 in Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University (SAH-SYSU), the Fujian Medical University Union Hospital (FJUUH), and the Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center (SYSUCC).The propensity score matching (PSM) of all variables was performed to balance selective bias between ACT and surgery alone (SA) groups. Kaplan–Meier survival and multivariate Cox regression analyses were carried out to identify independent prognostic factors. Independent factors selected by the Cox regression were integrated into the nomogram. The nomogram points stratified patients into high-risk and low-risk groups by the optimal cut-off value.

Results
278 patients were selected after PSM. Age, tumor site, T stage and lymph-nodes-examined (LNE) selected by Cox regression as independent prognostic factors were integrated into the nomogram. The nomogram performed well with a C-index of 0.76 and with C-indexes of 0.73 in and 0.71 in two validate cohorts. AUCs of the 3 year and 5 year ROC curves were 0.81 and 0.78. High- and low-risk groups stratified by the cut-off value demonstrated different responses to ACT.

Conclusions
The nomogram performed well in prognosis prediction. Patients in high- and low-risk groups demonstrated different responses to ACT, and high-risk patients might need ACT.
A Neutronics Study of the Initial Fuel Cycle Extension in APR-1400 Reactors: Examining Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Enrichment Design
Authors: Alrwashdeh Mohammad , Alameri Saeed A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this study, we conducted a neutronics analysis of a soluble-free-boron APR-1400 reactor core. Our goal was to explore the possibility of extending the fuel life cycle from 18 to 24 months. To achieve this, we examined both homogeneous and heterogeneous fuel enrichment designs while maintaining the original fuel geometries of the reactor. The proposed fuel enrichments for the homogeneous reactor core were 3.0%, 3.5%, 4.0%, 4.5%, and 4.95%. For the heterogeneous reactor core, they were (3.6%, 4.0%, 4.5%, and 5.0%) and (3.4%, 3.8%, 4.5%, and 5.0%). To suppress excess reactivity at the beginning of the fuel cycle (BOC), we applied an Integral Fuel Burnable Absorber as a thin coating layer on the outer surface of the fuel pellets. The coating was distributed uniformly throughout the core. In addition, we also studied the use of selected cladding materials as a replacement for the conventional zircaloy used in the fuel rods. The neutronics calculations for the modified APR-1400 core configuration were performed using the Serpent 2.1.31 Monte Carlo reactor physics code. We evaluated the behavior of the APR-1400 core by analyzing the effective multiplication factor, flux spectrum, pin power distribution, and radial power profile. Both the homogeneous and heterogeneous cores were compared with the reference APR-1400 core configuration. Our results indicate that it is possible to extend the fuel cycle to up to 24 months in both the homogeneous and heterogeneous cores. We also conducted a thorough analysis of the initial cycle for heterogeneous cores to consider more realistic scenarios.
On generalized K-functionals in $$L_p$$ for $$0<p<1$$
Authors: Kolomoitsev Yurii , Lomako Tetiana 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe show that the Peetre K-functional between the space $$L_p$$

L
p

with $$0<p<1$$

0
<
p
<
1

and the corresponding smooth function space $$W_p^\psi $$

W
p
ψ

generated by the Weyl-type differential operator $$\psi (D)$$

ψ
(
D
)

, where $$\psi $$
ψ
is a homogeneous function of any positive order, is identically zero. The proof of the main results is based on the properties of the de la Vallée Poussin kernels and the quadrature formulas for trigonometric polynomials and entire functions of exponential type.
Dual Probabilistic Linguistic Full Consistency Additive Ratio Assessment Model for Medical Equipment Supplier Selection
Authors: Mishra Arunodaya Raj , Rani Pratibha , Hezam Ibrahim M. , Deveci Muhammet 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn comparison to probabilistic linguistic term sets (PLTSs), dual probabilistic linguistic term sets (DPLTSs) reveal the complexity and uncertainty of this realistic world more accurately. The power average operator can mitigate the consequences of some decision-makers’ strong biases while evaluating data. Additionally, the Dombi operators during the phase of aggregation are very adaptable with general parameter. Inspired by these topics, we propose some dual probabilistic linguistic Dombi power aggregation operators to aggregate the decision-making expert’s preferences and various elegant properties of these proposed dual probabilistic linguistic (DPL)-aggregating operators. Further, we establish an integrated method with the combination of proposed DPL-aggregation operators, full consistency method (FUCOM) and additive ratio assessment (ARAS) model called the “DPL-FUCOM-ARAS” methodology for solving multi-criteria decision analysis problems under dual probabilistic linguistic environment. In this methodology, the FUCOM is applied to determine criteria weight, while the ARAS model is presented to prioritize the options from dual probabilistic linguistic perspective. We present a case study on the selection of a medical equipment supplier to highlight the applicability and show the usefulness of the proposed DPL-FUCOM-ARAS methodology. Further, we discuss the sensitivity investigation and comparative discussion to check the stability and robustness of the proposed DPL-FUCOM-ARAS methodology.
Demographic differences in the effect of price on giving in a diverse population
Authors: Lillehaugen Luke , Ludwig Porter , Mayo Robert L. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe conduct two experiments using a demographically diverse online subject pool to investigate total and extensive price elasticities of giving by age, income, gender, political ideology, and religiosity. A first exploratory experiment finds that religious subjects give more, are more likely to give, and are less sensitive to the price of giving than non-religious subjects. We find no statistically significant differences in price elasticities by age, income, gender, or political ideology. A second pre-registered experiment confirms these findings.
CAT: a coarse-to-fine attention tree for semantic change detection
Authors: Wei Xiu-Shen , Xu Yu-Yan , Zhang Chen-Lin , Xia Gui-Song , Peng Yu-Xin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSemantic change detection (SCD) and land cover mapping (LCM) are always treated as a dual task in the field of remote sensing. However, due to diverse real-world scenarios, many SCD categories are not easy to be clearly recognized, such as “water-vegetation” and “water-tree”, which can be regarded as fine-grained differences. In addition, even a single LCM category is usually difficult to define. For instance, some “vegetation” categories with litter vegetation coverage are easily confused with the general “ground” category. SCD/LCM becomes challenging under both challenges of its fine-grained nature and label ambiguity. In this paper, we tackle the SCD and LCM tasks simultaneously by proposing a coarse-to-fine attention tree (CAT) model. Specifically, it consists of an encoder, a decoder and a coarse-to-fine attention tree module. The encoder-decoder structure extracts the high-level features from input multi-temporal images first and then reconstructs them to return SCD and LCM predictions. Our coarse-to-fine attention tree, on the one hand, utilizes the tree structure to better model a hierarchy of categories by predicting the coarse-grained labels first and then predicting the fine-grained labels later. On the other hand, it applies the attention mechanism to capture discriminative pixel regions. Furthermore, to address label ambiguity in SCD/LCM, we also equip a label distribution learning loss upon our model. Experiments on the large-scale SECOND dataset justify that the proposed CAT model outperforms state-of-the-art models. Moreover, various ablation studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of tailored designs in the CAT model for solving semantic change detection problems.
Modular design automation of the morphologies, controllers, and vision systems for intelligent robots: a survey
Authors: Li Wenji , Wang Zhaojun , Mai Ruitao , Ren Pengxiang , Zhang Qinchang , Zhou Yutao , Xu Ning , Zhuang JiaFan , Xin Bin , Gao Liang , Hao Zhifeng , Fan Zhun 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDesign automation is a core technology in industrial design software and an important branch of knowledge-worker automation. For example, electronic design automation (EDA) has played an important role in both academia and industry. Design automation for intelligent robots refers to the construction of unified modular graph models for the morphologies (body), controllers (brain), and vision systems (eye) of intelligent robots under digital twin architectures, which effectively supports the automation of the morphology, controller, and vision system design processes of intelligent robots by taking advantage of the powerful capabilities of genetic programming, evolutionary computation, deep learning, reinforcement learning, and causal reasoning in model representation, optimization, perception, decision making, and reasoning. Compared with traditional design methods, MOdular DEsigN Automation (MODENA) methods can significantly improve the design efficiency and performance of robots, effectively avoiding the repetitive trial-and-error processes of traditional design methods, and promoting automatic discovery of innovative designs. Thus, it is of considerable research significance to study MODENA methods for intelligent robots. To this end, this paper provides a systematic and comprehensive overview of applying MODENA in intelligent robots, analyzes the current problems and challenges in the field, and provides an outlook for future research. First, the design automation for the robot morphologies and controllers is reviewed, individually, with automated design of control strategies for swarm robots also discussed, which has emerged as a prominent research focus recently. Next, the integrated design automation of both the morphologies and controllers for robotic systems is presented. Then, the design automation of the vision systems of intelligent robots is summarized when vision systems have become one of the most important modules for intelligent robotic systems. Then, the future research trends of integrated “Body-Brain-Eye” design automation for intelligent robots are discussed. Finally, the common key technologies, research challenges and opportunities in MODENA for intelligent robots are summarized.
Cooperative trajectory shaping guidance law for multiple anti-ship missiles
Authors: Yang G. , Fang Y. , Ma W. , Zhu S. , Fu W. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTo enhance the performance of anti-ship missiles cooperative attack, this paper proposes a finite-time trajectory shaping-based cooperative guidance law (TSCGL). Firstly, the cooperative guidance model is established on segmented linearisation of the missile’s heading angle. Then, a trajectory shaping guidance law for a single missile is derived by a weighted optimal energy cost function and Schwarz inequality. On this basis, a finite-time TSCGL is proposed combined with trajectory shaping technology and finite-time theory. The desirable finite-time convergence performance can ensure a simultaneous attack. Through an improved method of time-to-go estimation, it is independent of small-angle assumption and relaxes the launching conditions of the missiles. Additionally, the proposed finite-time TSCGL can achieve better damage performance through energy management. Finally, simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed finite-time TSCGL.
Economics of deficit irrigation utilizing soil moisture probes in the western corn belt
Authors: O’Donnell Emily , Nogueira Lia , Walters Cory G. , Peterson E. Wesley F. , Irmak Suat 
Published: May 2023

AbstractEffective irrigation management is critical for future food supplies and the prosperity of producers engaged in irrigation production. Through a deficit irrigation field experiment, we determine the financial impact on producers caused by changing irrigation costs, corn prices, extreme weather events, and restricting irrigation levels. Results suggest that the optimal economic strategy within our constrained optimization model is to fully irrigate, with the economic impact highly dependent on commodity prices, restriction level, and irrigation costs. The greatest economic losses caused by irrigation restrictions come from decreases in yield. Some simulations resulted in negative profits, indicating that a switch to alternative crops requiring less irrigation may be warranted.
MENAS’S CONJECTURE REVISITED
Authors: MATET PIERRE 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn an article published in 1974, Menas conjectured that any stationary subset of can be split in many pairwise disjoint stationary subsets. Even though the conjecture was shown long ago by Baumgartner and Taylor to be consistently false, it is still haunting papers on . In which situations does it hold? How much of it can be proven in ZFC? We start with an abridged history of the conjecture, then we formulate a new version of it, and finally we keep weakening this new assertion until, building on the work of Usuba, we hit something we can prove.
Repeat CyberKnife Radiosurgery for Trigeminal Neuralgia: Outcomes and Complications
Authors: Guillemette Albert , Roberge David , Heymann Sami , Ménard Cynthia , Bahary Jean-Paul , Fournier-Gosselin Marie-Pierre 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT:Background:CyberKnife radiosurgery (RS), as an initial first treatment, is recognized as an efficient and safe modality for trigeminal neuralgia (TN). However, knowledge on repeat CyberKnife RS in refractory cases is limited. The objective was to evaluate the clinical outcomes of repeat CyberKnife RS for TN.Methods:A retrospective review of 33 patients with refractory TN treated a second time with CyberKnife RS from 2009 to 2021. The median follow-up period after the second RS was 26.0 months (range 0.3–115.8). The median dose for the repeat RS was 60 Gy (range 60.0–70.0). Pain relief after the intervention was assessed using the Barrow Neurological Institute scale for pain (I–V). Scores I to IIIb were classified as an adequate pain relief and scores IV–V were classified as a treatment failureResults:After the second RS, initial adequate pain relief was achieved in 87.9% of cases. The actuarial probabilities of maintaining an adequate pain relief at 6, 12, 24, and 36 months were 92.1%, 74.0%, 58.2%, and 58.2%, respectively. Regarding sustained pain relief, there was no significant difference between the first and the second RS. Sensory toxicity after the first RS was predictive of a better outcome following the second RS. The onset of hypesthesia rate was the same after the first or the second RS (21%).Conclusion:Repeat RS is an effective and safe method for the treatment of refractory TN.
Prevalence of Depression, Anxiety, Post-Traumatic Stress, and Insomnia Symptoms Among Frontline Healthcare Workers in a COVID-19 Hospital in Northeast Mexico
Authors: Lopez-Salinas Argenis , Arnaud-Gil Carlos A. , Saucedo-Martinez David E. , Ruiz-Lozano Raul E. , Martinez-Resendez Michel F. , Gongora-Cortes Jose J. , Torre-Amione Guillermo 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Objective:
Frontline healthcare workers (FHCWs) exposed to COVID-19 patients are at an increased risk of developing psychological burden. This study aims to determine the prevalence of mental health symptoms and associated factors among Mexican FHCWs attending COVID-19 patients.

Methods:
FHCWs, including attending physicians, residents/fellows, and nurses providing care to COVID-19 patients at a private hospital in Monterrey, Mexico, were invited to answer an online survey between August 28, and November 30, 2020. Symptoms of depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress, and insomnia were evaluated with the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-9, Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)-7, Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R), and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). Multivariate analysis was performed to identify variables associated with each outcome.

Results:
131 FHCWs, 43.5% attending physicians, 19.8% residents/fellows, and 36.6% nurses were included. The overall prevalence of depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress, and insomnia was 36%, 21%, 23%, and 24% respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that residents/fellows and nurses reported more depression and insomnia than attending physicians. Although not significant, residents/fellows were more likely to experience all symptoms than nurses.

Conclusions:
Mexican FHCWs, especially nurses and residents/fellows, experienced a significant psychological burden while attending to COVID-19 patients. Tailored interventions providing support to FHCWs during future outbreaks are required.
Three-dimensional numerical simulation of flow past a rotating step cylinder
Authors: Zhao Ming , Zhang Qin 
Published: May 2023

Flow past a rotating step cylinder is investigated through three-dimensional numerical simulations for a diameter ratio of 0.5 and a Reynolds number of 150. The step cylinder comprises two cylinders with different diameters arranged coaxially with a step between them. The rotation rate α is defined as the ratio of the rotation speed of the larger cylinder surface to the free-stream velocity. Vortex shedding happens for both cylinders at α = 0, 0.5 and 1, and is suppressed only for the larger cylinder at α = 2 and 3 and fully suppressed for both cylinders at α = 4. The vortex shedding suppression for the larger cylinder or for both cylinders has significant effects on the wake. The S-, N- and L-cells at α = 0 are in good agreement with those reported in previous studies and still exist at α = 1. The N-cell disappears at α = 0.5, and as a result, the L- and S-cells interact with each other directly at the step position. An additional cellular zone is found at α = 0.5 and 1 and this zone has multiple cells with vortex dislocation between them. At α = 2 and 3, there is a strong hub vortex in the streamwise direction behind the step and the vortices in the wake of the smaller cylinder form helical vortices after they roll around this hub vortex. The hub vortex is generated by the difference between the Magnus effect between the smaller and larger cylinders. At α = 4, the hub vortex still exists but the helical vortices disappear because vortex shedding is suppressed for both cylinders. At this rotation rate, the pressure on the cylinder surface oscillates with a frequency much higher than the vortex shedding frequency. The oscillation of the pressure is caused by the combination of periodic generation of ring vortices and their motion along the span of the larger cylinder.
Relational event models in network science
Authors: Butts Carter T. , Lomi Alessandro , Snijders Tom A. B. , Stadtfeld Christoph 
Published: May 2023

AbstractRelational event models (REMs) for the analysis of social interaction were first introduced 15 years ago. Since then, a number of important substantive and methodological contributions have produced their progressive refinement and hence facilitated their increased adoption in studies of social and other networks. Today REMs represent a well-established class of statistical models for relational processes. This special issue of Network Science demonstrates the standing and recognition that REMs have achieved within the network analysis and networks science communities. We wrote this brief introductory editorial essay with four main objectives in mind: (i) positioning relational event data and models in the larger context of contemporary network science and social network research; (ii) reviewing some of the most important recent developments; (iii) presenting the innovative studies collected in this special issue as evidence of the empirical value of REMs, and (iv) identifying open questions and future research directions.
Monitoring to conservation: The science–policy nexus of plastics and seabirds
Authors: Hamilton Bonnie M. , Clark Bethany L. , Borrelle Stephanie B. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Seabirds have been the messengers of marine plastics pollution since the 1950s, not long after plastics began to be commercially manufactured. In the decades since, a number of multilateral agreements have emerged to address marine plastics pollution that have been informed by research and monitoring on plastic ingestion in seabirds. Seabirds continue to serve as effective monitors for plastics pollution in the oceans, and increasingly of the chemical contamination from the marine environment as plastic additives and chemicals can adsorb and accumulate in seabirds’ tissues. Plastics pollution has far-reaching ecological impacts, but the motivation for addressing the issue has escalated rapidly at the international level. Seabirds are also the most globally threatened group of birds and require concerted conservation actions to mitigate population declines from multiple pressures. However, most policy mechanisms focus on the monitoring and mitigation of anthropogenically induced stressors, using seabird data, and often fail to include mechanisms to conserve the messengers. In this review, we discuss how research on the impacts of plastics on seabirds is used to inform policy and highlight the competing interests of monitoring and conservation that emerge from this approach. Finally, we discuss policy opportunities to ensure seabirds can continue to be the indicators of ocean health and simultaneously achieve conservation goals.