bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Apocenter pileup and arcs: A narrow dust ring around HD 129590
Authors: Olofsson J. , Thébault P. , Bayo A. , Milli J. , van Holstein R. G. , Henning Th. , Medina-Olea B. , Godoy N. , Maucó K. 
Published: April 2023

Context. Observations of debris disks have significantly improved over the past decades, both in terms of sensitivity and spatial resolution. At near-infrared wavelengths, new observing strategies and post-processing algorithms allow us to drastically improve the final images and reveal faint structures in the disks. These structures inform us about the properties and spatial distribution of the small dust particles.
Aims. We present new H-band observations of the disk around the solar-type star HD 129590, which display an intriguing arc-like structure in total intensity observations but not in total polarimetry, and we propose an explanation for the origin of this arc.
Methods. Assuming geometric parameters for the birth ring of planetesimals, our model provides the positions of millions of particles of different sizes to compute scattered light images. The code can either produce images over the full size distribution or over several smaller intervals of grain sizes.
Results. We demonstrate that if the grain size distribution is truncated or strongly peaks at a size larger than the radiation pressure blow-out size, we are able to produce an arc quite similar to the one detected in the observations. If the birth ring is radially narrow, given that particles of a given size have similar eccentricities, they will have their apocenters at the same distance from the star. Since this is where the particles spend most of their time, an “apocenter pileup” occurs that can look like a ring. Due to more efficient forward scattering, this arc only appears in total intensity observations and remains undetected in polarimetric data, which is in good agreement with our observations.
Conclusions. For the secondary ring to be detected, sharp variations either in the grain size distribution or for the scattering efficiencies Qsca (or a combination of both) are required. We show that a wavy size distribution and a size-dependent phase function can strengthen the apocenter pileup. Overall, such arcs are rarely detected in other systems, which can mainly be explained by the fact that most parent belts are usually broad.
Editorial
Authors: Reinsberger Claus , Schumacher Nils 
Published: April 2023

Liebe Leser*innen,Sport und Bewegung sind elementare Bestandteile der Gesundheit jedes Einzelnen und
der Gesellschaft. Davon müssen wir Sie als Leser*innen dieser
Zeitschrift sicherlich nicht überzeugen. So sind bewegungstherapeutische
Interventionen sowohl bei neurologischen, orthopädischen als auch
onkologischen Krankheitsbildern zentrale und zum Teil bereits gut mit klinischer
Evidenz belegte Elemente der Therapie. Auch in Hinblick auf die Prävention
von Erkrankungen hat regelmäßige körperliche
Aktivität einen hohen Stellenwert.
Ultra-High-Frequency Ultrasound: A Modern Diagnostic Technique for Studying Melanoma
Authors: Reginelli Alfonso , Russo Anna , Berritto Daniela , Patane Vittorio , Cantisani Carmen , Grassi Roberto 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe development of new ultra-high-frequency devices with a resolution of 30 μm makes it possible to use ultrasound in the study of new small anatomical units and to apply this tool to new fields of pathology. Cutaneous melanoma is a severe skin disease with an incidence of approximately 160 000 new cases each year and 48 000 deaths. In this paper, we evaluate the role of HFUS in the diagnosis of cutaneous melanoma, describe the sonographic appearance of skin layers in the pre-excision phase as well as of lesion features, and correlate the characteristics with pathological examination.
Obstruktive Atemwegserkrankungen im Beruf: Wie gelingt eine frühe Diagnostik zur Vermeidung chronischer Verläufe?
Authors: Frei-Stuber Ludwig , Drexler Hans , Heutelbeck Astrid , Nowak Dennis 
Published: April 2023

ZusammenfassungDurch das Aufheben des Unterlassungszwangs ab dem 01.01.2021 u.a. bei den obstruktiven Atemwegserkrankungen in Deutschland haben seitdem die Berufskrankheiten-Anerkennungen bei den Berufskrankheiten der Ziffern 4301, 4302 und 1315 gemäß Berufskrankheitenverordnung deutlich zugenommen, wobei diese sich bei Anerkennung oft bereits in späteren Stadien befinden. Deshalb wird die Früherkennung zukünftig eine größere Rolle spielen, da die gesetzlichen Unfallversicherungsträger individuelle Präventionsmaßnahmen anbieten können, um Krankheitsfolgen und damit auch die sozioökonomische Belastung zu minimieren. Allerdings werden Vorstufen solcher obstruktiven Atemwegserkrankungen oft übersehen. Um die Früherkennung zu optimieren, hat die Deutsche Gesetzlichen Unfallversicherung – analog zum bereits gut etablierten Hautarztverfahren – ein Frühmeldeverfahren Atemwege erarbeitet. Dort können „Frühfälle“ aus den Pilotregionen gemeldet werden, wobei die Patienten hierfür eine versicherte berufliche Tätigkeit mit potenziell Atemwegs-wirksamen Einwirkungen ausüben müssen und eine Erkrankung der oberen oder unteren Atemwege nach ICD-10-Schlüssel (z. B. J31.0 chronische Rhinitis) vorliegen muss.
Association Between Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma and Vertebral
Fracture
Authors: Otani Hazuki , Notsu Masakazu , Yamauchi Mika , Nawata Kiyoko , Kanasaki Keizo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSuppression of TSH levels associated with levothyroxine treatment is a known risk
factor for fracture. However, it is unclear whether patients with papillary
thyroid carcinoma (PTC) have a higher risk of vertebral fracture (VF) before TSH
suppression. The aim of the study was to examine whether the risk of VF is
higher in PTC than in healthy subjects. A hospital-based, matched case-control
study was conducted comparing PTC and healthy individuals. We enrolled 43
postoperative patients with PTC scheduled for radioiodine therapy and 43 age-
and sex-matched healthy controls. Serum and urinary biological parameters, bone
mineral density (BMD), and presence of VFs were evaluated in both groups. We
compared these indices using χ2 and Mann–Whitney U-test and
analyzed the association between PTC and VF by logistic regression analysis. The
PTC group had higher BMI, HbA1c and phosphorus, and lower intact PTH than the
control group. Lumbar and femoral neck BMD did not differ between the two
groups. Prevalence of VFs was significantly higher in the PTC group
(44.1%) than in the control group (16.3%). Multivariate logistic
regression analyses adjusted for age, sex, and BMI identified PTC as being
associated with the presence of VFs (odds ratio, 5.63; 95% confidence
interval: 1.82 to 17.5). This relationship remained significant after additional
adjustment for HbA1c and BMD. There is an association between PTC and a risk of
VF independent of sex, BMI, glucose metabolism, and BMD, suggesting the
importance of fracture risk assessment before TSH suppression.
Asymmetric Synthesis of Chiral Seven-Membered NHCs, Their Transition-Metal Complexes and Application in Asymmetric ­Catalysis
Authors: Han Jiahong , Pan Yixiao , Hao Wei , Fan Qing-Hua 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA series of new chiral seven-membered NHCs were synthesized via Ru-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation reactions as the key step. Transition metal such as Rh, Ir and Au can coordinate to the developed NHCs. The crystal structures of the chiral seven-membered NHCs and their transition-metal complexes show a nonplanar framework with torsional twist. Furthermore, the chiral NHCs were applied in asymmetric hydrosilylation reactions, and the corresponding product was obtained with >95% yield and up to 83% ee.
Pathological Basis of Imaging in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Sen Saugata , Gehani Anisha , Ghosh Priya , Patra Anurima , Mukhopadhyay Sumit , Chandra Aditi , Lingegowda Dayananda , Khoda Jeevitesh , Chatterjee Argha 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most prevalent form of liver cancer with major risk factors being chronic liver disease (CLD) including chronic liver inflammation, steatohepatitis and certain viral infections (Hepatitis B and C). Due to the poor prognosis, early detection is key for effective management. Imaging of HCC has developed over the years with specificity as high as 95%. The Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) provides a standardized reporting format that can be followed by radiologists and clinicians alike. This article focuses on the pathological basis of imaging observations described in the LI-RADS lexicon. A clear understanding of the pathological basis of imaging will help the radiologist to be more confident to resolve unequivocal observations apart from achieving a high degree of specificity in the diagnosis of HCC.
Ribociclib-Induced Delayed Dermatological Reaction: Case Report of a Rare Adverse Effect and Review of Literature
Authors: Kothari Bhavika , Parab Pallavi , Gulia Seema , Rath Sushmita , Gupta Sudeep 
Published: April 2023

AbstractRibociclib is a selective cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4/6 inhibitor approved in combination with endocrine-based therapy for the treatment of hormone receptor-positive (HR + )/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2 − ) advanced or metastatic breast cancer. It can significantly prolong the progression-free survival and improve the objective response rate compared with hormone therapy alone. However, the combined regimen results in a higher risk of adverse events, one of them being dermatological reactions. We present a case of late severe skin toxicity in a patient who had received ribociclib for 5 months. The toxicity led to severe pruritus and maculopapular and patchy rash on upper and lower extremities, which completely resolved 1 month after cessation of the drug. We conclude that ribociclib-induced skin toxicity is a noteworthy side effect that can lead to permanent cessation of this drug and is reversible. There are clinical decision dilemmas related to continuation, withholding, or switching CDK4/6 inhibitors, and benefits should be weighed against toxicities and costs.
Role of Cytogenetics and FISH in Laboratory Workup of B Cell Precursor Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Dhabe Aaishwarya , Islam Rubina , Ramakrishnan Karthik , Parihar Mayur 
Published: April 2023

AbstractModern therapeutic protocols in acute leukemias risk stratify disease based on genetic characterization of the neoplastic cells and their response to treatment. Genetic characterization is routinely performed by cytogenetic testing of leukemic cells and is a standard component of modern risk-adapted therapy in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). High-throughput technologies like RNA sequencing have identified multiple novel subtypes in recent years. The cytogenetic strategy using GTG and fluorescent in-situ hybridization (FISH) has to be adapted to identify not only the primary principal chromosomal abnormalities but also the novel subtypes. In the review, we describe a systematic comprehensive cytogenetic strategy that integrates information from immunophenotyping, flow-based DNA ploidy, and karyotyping complemented by targeted FISH studies to identify more than 70% of genetic abnormalities described in B cell precursor ALL. The simplified strategy includes a four-probe FISH and flow ploidy strategy, ± karyotyping that identifies high risk (KMT2A, BCR::ABL1, hypodiploidy, iAMP21) and standard risk (ETV6::RUNX1 and high hyperdiploid) cytogenetic groups. The extended FISH panel includes probes targeting MEF2D, ZNF384, and CRLF2 rearrangements that are used intuitively on integrating the immunophenotyping features that characterize these entities. The strategy also includes a systematic approach to identify masked hypodiploidy integrating targeted FISH analysis directed toward identifying monosomies of chromosomes 7, 15, and 17 and flow cytometry-based DNA ploidy analysis. The recently described PH-like ALL is characterized by ABL class fusions and rearrangements of CRLF2 and JAK2 genes. FISH analysis using break-apart probes can be used to identify these aberrations. The cytogenetic approach also includes FISH analysis to identify intragenic and whole gene deletions of the IKZF1 genes that identify a subset of patients associated with high risk of treatment failure.
Flow Cytometric MRD Assessment in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemias
Authors: Virk Harpreet , Sachdeva Man Updesh Singh 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAcute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is one of the very first malignancy where the assessment of early response to therapy by minimal/measurable residual disease (MRD) monitoring has proven to be cardinal tool for guiding therapeutic choices. At present, MRD detection is not only used for the assessment of initial treatment response and subsequent risk stratification but also for monitoring disease burden in the setting of hematopoietic stem cell transplant. Multicolor flow cytometry (FCM) for the assessment of MRD has been in existence for more than two decades. It is presently the most commonly used technique worldwide for MRD assessment in ALL. The technique has evolved from two to three color assays in its early phases to eight and more color assays in present time, which enables detection of one leukemic cell in 104 or more cells. The assessment of MRD is based on analysis of expression of lineage-associated markers and either looking at “leukemia associated immunophenotypes” or identify “different from normal” patterns. A rapid turn-around-time and direct quantification of viable residual leukemic cells are advantages of FCM over molecular techniques of MRD assessment. On the other hand, one of the prime limitations of detection of residual cells by FCM is the immunophenotypic shifts that are observed as a result of chemotherapeutic reagents. In addition, introduction of immunotherapy, especially against important gating markers like CD19, has posed significant challenge to FCM-based MRD assays, and requires modification of antibody panels for an alternate gating and analysis strategy. Finally, standardization and validation of MRD assay and use of internal and external quality controls are extremely important aspects for a clinical laboratory providing MRD reports for patient care.
Update on Surgical Management of FAP
Authors: Zhang Tianqi , Xu Ye 
Published: April 2023

AbstractFamilial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is an autosomal dominant disease caused by pathogenic germline adenomatous polyposis coli mutation, and characterized with multiple adenomas in the colon and the rectum. Various genetic variants have been confirmed to be associated with corresponding FAP phenotypes, which play important roles in the diagnosis and surgical treatment of FAP. Generally, proctocolectomy is recommended for FAP patients at the age of 20s. Exceptionally, for patients with attenuated FAP, high-risk of desmoid, chemoprevention therapy, or other circumstances, surgery can be postponed. With the wide application of minimal invasive surgery in colorectal cancer, laparoscopic, robotic surgery, and natural orifice specimen extraction are proved to be feasible for FAP patients, but high-level evidences are needed to confirm their safety and advantages. In the times of precise medicine, the surgical management of FAP should vary with individuals based on genotype, phenotype, and clinical practice. Therefore, in addition to innovation in surgical procedures, investigation in links between genetic features and phenotypes will be helpful to optimize the surgical management of FAP in the future.
The Role of the Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Gene in Tumor Development and Metastasis: A Narrative Review
Authors: Kalali Datis 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMatrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) is one of the widely studied enzymes of the extracellular matrix which can degrade various matrix biomolecules. The gene coding for this enzyme has been found to be associated with various multifactorial diseases, including cancer. More specifically, the expression of MMP-9 and polymorphisms of its gene have been found to be correlated with the formation and the invasiveness of different types of cancer. Hence, the latter gene can potentially be used both as a clinical genetic marker and a possible target in anticancer therapy. The present minireview explores the role of the MMP-9 gene in the process of tumor formation, growth, and metastasis and presents an overview of the polymorphisms of the gene associated with cancer as well as its regulation mechanisms, to provide an insight into the potential clinical applications. Nevertheless, further clinical trials and research are still required to reach more valuable conclusions for the clinical implications of the recent findings.
A novel metamaterial power divider optimized by artificial neural network
Authors: Zhou Wen-Ying , Sun Si-yue , Lu Mai 
Published: April 2023

An approach for enhancing the operating bandwidth of the classic dual-band power divider (PD) is proposed by using the metamaterial (MTM) units. To overcome the limitation of the EM simulation and improve the design efficiency, we propose an artificial neural network (ANN) approach that enables inverse prediction of the MTM-PD geometry from its desired physical response. In the ANN approach, the convolutional neural network and the long short-term memory neural network are combined to learn the relationship between the geometric of the proposed MTM-PD and its corresponding physical responses and then accurately predict the geometric parameters of MTM-PD. The predicted MTM-PD includes the low frequency (LF) band of 1.90–2.43 GHz and the high frequency (HF) band of 4.61–5.25 GHz. Compared to the classic dual-band PD, the bandwidth of the LF band has been enhanced by five times. The measured results confirm that the predicted MTM-PD has both the LF band and HF band with a bandwidth of 0.5 GHz, verifying the reliability of our ANN approach. It demonstrates the potential of using ANN for designing microwave devices and solving electromagnetic problems.
Design of soft x-ray laminar-type gratings coated with supermirror-type multilayer to enhance diffraction efficiency in a region of 2–4 keV
Authors: Koike M. , Hatano T. , Pirozhkov A. S. , Ueno Y. , Terauchi M. 
Published: April 2023

Soft x-ray diffraction gratings coated with a supermirror-type multilayer were designed to enhance diffraction efficiency in the energy range of 2–4 keV by means of numerical calculations. The optimized groove depth and incidence angle are 2.05 nm and 88.65°, respectively, for the grating having a groove density of 3200 grooves/mm. Regarding the multilayer structure, the optimum number of B4C/W layers pair was 11 and the thickness of B4C was increased from bottom to top, while that of W was kept constant. The replacement of the top layer of W by either Co, Cr, or Ni was an effective means of obtaining uniform diffraction efficiency. In the region of 2–4 keV, the calculated diffraction efficiency of the designed gratings was up to ∼5.3%, on average, and almost eight times larger than that of ∼0.7% of an Au coated grating.
Merged magnetic resonance and light sheet microscopy of the whole mouse brain
Authors: Johnson G. Allan , Tian Yuqi , Ashbrook David G. , Cofer Gary P. , Cook James J. , Gee James C. , Hall Adam , Hornburg Kathryn , Kaczorowski Catherine C. , Qi Yi , Yeh Fang-Cheng , Wang Nian , White Leonard E. , Williams Robert W. 
Published: April 2023

We have developed workflows to align 3D magnetic resonance histology (MRH) of the mouse brain with light sheet microscopy (LSM) and 3D delineations of the same specimen. We start with MRH of the brain in the skull with gradient echo and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) at 15 μm isotropic resolution which is ~
1,000 times
higher than that of most preclinical MRI. Connectomes are generated with superresolution tract density images of ~5 μm. Brains are cleared, stained for selected proteins, and imaged by LSM at 1.8 μm/pixel. LSM data are registered into the reference MRH space with labels derived from the ABA common coordinate framework. The result is a
hi
gh-
d
imensional
i
ntegrated
v
olum
e
with
r
egistration (
HiDiver
) with alignment precision better than 50 µm. Throughput is sufficiently high that HiDiver is being used in quantitative studies of the impact of gene variants and aging on mouse brain cytoarchitecture and connectomics.
Stochastic mirror descent method for linear ill-posed problems in Banach spaces
Authors: Jin Qinian , Lu Xiliang , Zhang Liuying 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Consider linear ill-posed problems governed by the system

A
i

x
=

y
i

for

i
=
1
,
…
,
p

, where each A

i
is a bounded linear operator from a Banach space X to a Hilbert space Y

i
. In case p is huge, solving the problem by an iterative regularization method using the whole information at each iteration step can be very expensive, due to the huge amount of memory and excessive computational load per iteration. To solve such large-scale ill-posed systems efficiently, we develop in this paper a stochastic mirror descent method which uses only a small portion of randomly selected equations at each iteration step and incorporates convex regularization terms into the algorithm design. Therefore, our method scales very well with the problem size and has the capability of capturing features of sought solutions. The convergence property of the method depends crucially on the choice of step-sizes. We consider various rules for choosing step-sizes and obtain convergence results under a priori early stopping rules. In particular, by incorporating the spirit of the discrepancy principle we propose a choice rule of step-sizes which can efficiently suppress the oscillations in iterates and reduce the effect of semi-convergence. Furthermore, we establish an order optimal convergence rate result when the sought solution satisfies a benchmark source condition. Various numerical simulations are reported to test the performance of the method.
Expectation–maximization machine learning model for micromechanical evaluation of thermally-cycled solder joints in a semiconductor
Authors: Chen Tzu-Chia 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This paper aims to study the microstructural and micromechanical variations of solder joints in a semiconductor under the evolution of thermal-cycling loading. For this purpose, a model was developed on the basis of expectation–maximization machine learning (ML) and nanoindentation mapping. Using this model, it is possible to predict and interpret the microstructural features of solder joints through the micromechanical variations (i.e. elastic modulus) of interconnection. According to the results, the classification of Sn-based matrix, intermetallic compounds (IMCs) and the grain boundaries with specified elastic-modulus ranges was successfully performed through the ML model. However, it was detected some overestimations in regression process when the interfacial regions got thickened in the microstructure. The ML outcomes also revealed that the thermal-cycling evolution was accompanied with stiffening and growth of IMCs; while the spatial portion of Sn-based matrix decreased in the microstructure. It was also figured out that the stiffness gradient becomes intensified in the treated samples, which is consistent with this fact that the thermal cycling increases the mechanical mismatch between the matrix and the IMCs.