bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and Crosslinking Properties of Psoralen‐Conjugated Triplex‐Forming Oligonucleotides as Antigene Tools Targeting Genome DNA
Authors: Mikame Yu , Eshima Honoka , Toyama Haruki , Nakao Juki , Matsuo Misaki , Yamamoto Tsuyoshi , Hari Yoshiyuki , Komano Jun A. , Yamayoshi Asako 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPsoralen‐conjugated triplex‐forming oligonucleotides (Ps‐TFOs) have been utilized for genome editing and anti‐gene experiments for over thirty years. However, the research on Ps‐TFOs employing artificial nucleotides is still limited, and their photo‐crosslinking properties have not been thoroughly investigated in relation to biological activities. In this study, we extensively examined the photo‐crosslinking properties of Ps‐TFOs to provide fundamental insights for future Ps‐TFO design. We developed novel Ps‐TFOs containing 2′‐O,4′‐C‐methylene‐bridged nucleic acids (Ps‐LNA‐mixmer) and investigated their photo‐crosslinking properties using stable cell lines that express firefly luciferase constitutively to evaluate the anti‐gene activities of Ps‐LNA‐mixmer. As a result, Ps‐LNA‐mixmer successfully demonstrated suppression activity, and we presented the first‐ever correlation between photo‐crosslinking properties and their activities. Our findings also indicate that the photo‐crosslinking process is insufficient under cell irradiation conditions (365 nm, 2 mW/cm2, 60 min). Therefore, our results highlight the need to develop new psoralen derivatives that are more reactive under cell irradiation conditions.
A case report of esophageal cancer in a patient with pemphigus vulgaris: A coincidence or something beyond that?
Authors: Balighi Kamran , Aryanian Zeinab , Balighi Shadi , Etesami Ifa , Hatami Parvaneh 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundPemphigus is a group of rare but serious autoimmune blistering disorders, affecting skin and mucus membrane. Different reports have been published in respect to the coexistence of pemphigus with neoplasms, especially lympho‐proliferative ones.CaseHere, we have reported a patient previously diagnosed with pemphigus vulgaris (PV) who developed esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).ConclusionDyspepsia and dysphagia in patients with PV might not be merely due to pemphigus erosions or simply an adverse effect of systemic corticosteroid such as irritant or candidal esophagitis and should raise the suspicion of more serious conditions in case of resistant symptoms without appropriate response to treatment.
Phase diagram and topological expansion in the complex quartic random matrix model
Authors: Bleher Pavel , Gharakhloo Roozbeh , McLaughlin Kenneth T‐R 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe use the Riemann–Hilbert approach, together with string and Toda equations, to study the topological expansion in the quartic random matrix model. The coefficients of the topological expansion are generating functions for the numbers of 4‐valent connected graphs with j vertices on a compact Riemann surface of genus g. We explicitly evaluate these numbers for Riemann surfaces of genus 0,1,2, and 3. Also, for a Riemann surface of an arbitrary genus g, we calculate the leading term in the asymptotics of as the number of vertices tends to infinity. Using the theory of quadratic differentials, we characterize the critical contours in the complex parameter plane where phase transitions in the quartic model take place, thereby proving a result of David. These phase transitions are of the following four types: (a) one‐cut to two‐cut through the splitting of the cut at the origin, (b) two‐cut to three‐cut through the birth of a new cut at the origin, (c) one‐cut to three‐cut through the splitting of the cut at two symmetric points, and (d) one‐cut to three‐cut through the birth of two symmetric cuts.
Pharmacokinetics of Alglucosidase Alfa Manufactured at the 4000‐L Scale in Participants with Pompe Disease: A Phase 3/4 Open‐Label Study
Authors: Nicolas Xavier , Hurbin Fabrice , Periquet Magali , Richards Susan , Sensinger Charlotte , Welch Karen , An Haack Kristina 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPompe disease is a rare, autosomal recessive, degenerative neuromuscular disease caused by deficiency of acid α‐glucosidase, a lysosomal enzyme that degrades α‐1,4 and α‐1,6 linkages in glycogen. The objectives of this study (PAPAYA; NCT01410890) were to (1) characterize the pharmacokinetics of 20 mg/kg body weight alglucosidase alfa manufactured at the 4000‐L scale following a single intravenous dose in participants aged less than 18 and 18 years or older with Pompe disease and (2) evaluate the relationship between anti–alglucosidase alfa antibody titers and the pharmacokinetics of alglucosidase alfa. Mean maximum plasma concentration and area under the concentration–time curve from time zero and extrapolated to infinite time were 204 μg/mL and 1110 μg • h/mL for participants aged less than 18 years (n = 10), respectively, and 307 μg/mL and 1890 μg • h/mL for participants aged 18 years or older (n = 10), respectively. Mean terminal half‐life was 5.43 hours in participants aged less than 18 years with a high variability (70%) and 3.84 hours in participants aged 18 years or older with a low variability (21%). Mean maximum plasma concentration and area under the concentration–time curve from time zero and extrapolated to infinite time were 256 μg/mL and 1452 μg • h/mL, respectively, in anti–alglucosidase alfa–negative participants (n = 12) and 262 μg/mL and 1703 μg • h/mL, respectively, in anti–alglucosidase alfa–positive participants (n = 7). The study findings enrich available data from existing information on alglucosidase alfa without changing its known risks and benefits.
Tuning the Composition and Structure of Ni@MoC Nanosheets for Highly Active and Stable Electrocatalysis in Water Splitting
Authors: Zhang Yu , Chi Weimeng , Zhang Baiqing , Yin Zhuoxun , Ma Xinzhi , Zhou Yang , Chen Wei , Xu Lingling , Li Jinlong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe conventional electrolytic water‐splitting process for hydrogen production is plagued by high energy consumption, low efficiency, and the requirement of expensive catalysts. Therefore, finding effective, affordable, and stable catalysts to drive this reaction is urgently needed. We report a nanosheet catalyst composed of carbon nanotubes encapsulated with MoC/Mo2C, the Ni@MoC‐700 nanosheet showcases low overpotentials of 275 mV for the oxygen evolution reaction and 173 mV for the hydrogen evolution reaction at a current density of 10 mA ⋅ cm−2. Particularly noteworthy is its outstanding performance in a two‐electrode system, where a cell potential of merely 1.64 V is sufficient to achieve the desired current density of 10 mA ⋅ cm−2. Furthermore, the catalyst demonstrates exceptional durability, maintaining its activity over a continuous operation of 40 hours with only minimal attenuation in overpotential. These outstanding activity levels and long‐term stability unequivocally highlight the promising potential of the Ni@MoC‐700 catalyst for large‐scale water‐splitting applications.
Capillary electrophoresis in the analysis of therapeutic peptides—A review
Authors: Stefanik Ondrej , Majerova Petra , Kovac Andrej , Mikus Peter , Piestansky Juraj 
Published: September 2023

AbstractTherapeutic peptides are a growing class of innovative drugs with high efficiency and a low risk of adverse effects. These biomolecules fall within the molecular mass range between that of small molecules and proteins. However, their inherent instability and potential for degradation underscore the importance of reliable and effective analytical methods for pharmaceutical quality control, therapeutic drug monitoring, and compliance testing. Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS) has long time been the “gold standard” conventional method for peptide analysis, but capillary electrophoresis (CE) is increasingly being recognized as a complementary and, in some cases, superior, highly efficient, green, and cost‐effective alternative technique. CE can separate peptides composed of different amino acids owing to differences in their net charge and size, determining their migration behavior in an electric field. This review provides a comprehensive overview of therapeutic peptides that have been used in the clinical environment for the last 25 years. It describes the properties, classification, current trends in development, and clinical use of therapeutic peptides. From the analytical point of view, it discusses the challenges associated with the analysis of therapeutic peptides in pharmaceutical and biological matrices, as well as the evaluation of CE as a whole and the comparison with LC methods. The article also highlights the use of microchip electrophoresis, nonaqueous CE, and nonconventional hydrodynamically closed CE systems and their applications. Overall, the article emphasizes the importance of developing new CE‐based analytical methods to ensure the high quality, safety, and efficacy of therapeutic peptides in clinical practice.
Numerical simulation of nanofluid in central tube of solar collector by two‐phase mixture approach
Authors: Amraee Ali Asghar , Yazdi Mohammad Eftekhari , Lavasani Arash Mirabdolah 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this study, a new idea was proposed to enhance the direct absorption of radiation by the nanofluid by incorporating a central absorber copper tube. Copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles were used as the nanofluid with mass percentages of 0.05%, 0.055%, and 0.01% by weight, mixed with an oil‐based fluid. The absorption coefficients were varied in the range of 10, 40, and 100. The performance of the collector was compared to experimental and numerical data from other literature. Based on the results, the presence of the central copper tube inside the absorber tube of the collector led to higher radiation absorption under the same conditions compared to the nanofluid alone. In the case of the highest nanofluid composition (0.055% by weight), the thermal efficiency increased by up to 7% compared to a standard direct absorption collector.For an absorption coefficient of 10, the proposed collector exhibited the largest difference in output temperature compared to the usual volumetric absorption collector (DATPSC), with a temperature difference of approximately 23 K. To obtain more accurate results, the fluid domain in the parabolic collector with the new configuration was numerically investigated using ANSYS software.
WENO smoothness indicator based troubled‐cell indicator for hyperbolic conservation laws
Authors: Arun K. R. , Dond Asha K. , Kumar Rakesh 
Published: September 2023

SummaryHybrid algorithms are an efficient and popular choice for computing the solutions of hyperbolic conservation laws. In general, hybrid algorithms involve low‐cost high‐order accurate schemes in smooth regions and non‐oscillatory shock‐capturing schemes in the vicinity of discontinuities. Troubled‐cell indicators which measure the smoothness of the solution play a significant role in the efficiency of hybrid algorithms. This article proposes a new troubled‐cell indicator utilising the smoothness indicators of WENO schemes for hyperbolic conservation laws. The proposed troubled‐cell indicators are simple, efficient, effective, and are used to construct three new adaptive WENO algorithms of high‐order accuracy. The hybrid algorithms developed are independent of the order and type of the WENO reconstruction. For demonstration, we have considered the fifth and seventh order WENO‐Z reconstruction. The first two algorithms have comparable accuracy and resolution of the solution across discontinuities to that of the WENO‐Z scheme but at a less computational cost. The third algorithm ensures the convergence of the proposed scheme to the correct entropy solution when applied to a hyperbolic conservation law with non‐convex flux for which the WENO schemes fail. We have performed several 1D and 2D numerical experiments to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed algorithms and their performance compared with the WENO‐Z schemes. The proposed algorithms are efficient and take 30%–75% less computational time than the WENO‐Z schemes while retaining the advantages of WENO‐Z schemes.
Quinoa dough fermentation by Saccharomyces cerevisiae and lactic acid bacteria: Changes in saponin, phytic acid content, and antioxidant capacity
Authors: Arjmand Sanaz , Mollakhalili‐Meybodi Neda , Akrami Mohajeri Fateme , Madadizadeh Farzan , Khalili Sadrabad Elham 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe effects of two fermentation processes (common fermentation with Saccharomyces cerevisiae and fermentation by Lacticaseibacillus casei subsp. casei PTCC 1608 and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum subsp. plantarum PTCC 1745) on pH, titratable acidity, total phenolic and flavonoid contents, antioxidant capacity, saponin content, as well as phytic acid content of quinoa dough were investigated during the 24‐h fermentation (4‐h interval). According to the results, the highest titratable acidity was observed in the samples fermented by L. casei subsp. casei. Moreover, the highest antioxidant capacity was observed after 12 h of fermentation by L. plantarum subsp. plantarum (31.22% for DPPH, 104.67% for FRAP) due to a higher concentration of phenolic compounds produced (170.5% for total phenolic content). Also, all samples have been able to reduce saponin by 67% on average. Furthermore, the samples fermented by L. plantarum subsp. plantarum showed the most significant decrease in phytic acid content (64.64%) during 24‐h fermentation. By considering the reduction of the antinutritional compounds and improvement in the antioxidant properties of quinoa flour, the Lactiplantibacillus plantarum strain was recommended.
Ownership, institutions, and the agency of M&A completion
Authors: Lindner Thomas , Müllner Jakob , Puhr Harald 
Published: September 2023

AbstractResearch SummaryIn this paper, we study how variations in debt and equity ownership and the institutions that govern interactions between different types of principals and agents affect the completion likelihood of acquisitions. Using a sample of 55,722 acquisitions, our study finds that risk‐averse debtholders reduce the completion likelihood of acquisitions. When acquisitions cross borders, the acquiring capital providers become exposed to institutional environments that have evolved to prioritize different ideologies or principals because of the structure and customers of local capital markets. As a result, institutional duality in home and target countries reduces the completion likelihood of acquisitions. Our study integrates varieties of capitalism arguments and firm‐level agency conflicts and highlights the theoretical importance of capital markets and their concentration.Managerial SummaryAn acquisition is a highly consequential negotiation process between managers and capital providers of a firm. Based on their evaluation of a potential deal, managers propose acquisitions to capital providers who either accept it or pressure managers into withdrawing from the announced deal. This study considers firms' capital structure and cross‐national differences in the governing institutions to explain the resistance of capital providers against announced acquisitions. In particular, it points to the fear of capital providers losing control of their firms as a driver of their resistance against cross‐border acquisitions. However, when a favorable capital‐market structure in the target's home country alleviates the fears of capital providers, their resistance weakens.
Stop being a wuss: People's perceptions of men experiencing grief in Australia
Authors: Kiaos Theaanna 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIssue AddressedThree years have passed since the Australian Government's Department of Health released its National Men's Health Strategy 2020–2030. Presently, little evidence is available to show whether the strategy has achieved success in rectifying men's mental‐ill health, particularly the experience of stigma when expressing vulnerable emotions such as grief. Concurrently, research within the field of psychology continues to show that men experience significant pressure to conform faithfully to their socialised gender role. Given the focus to better men's mental health in Australia, this study ascertained people's perceptions of men experiencing grief.MethodsThe study adopted social constructionism to explore how participants perceived a fictious character living with grief using a hypothetical vignette by way of convenience sampling. Nine males and seven females who resided in Australia participated in answering seven questions concerning the character's experience of grief.ResultsInductive thematic analysis yielded three themes which collectively represented perceptions of masculinised grief. Notably, avoid stigma by fixing grief, avoid stigma by quickly getting over grief, and avoid stigma by suppressing the expression of grief.So What?The study suggests that a stronger research focus should be targeted towards rectifying stigma resulting from men's expression of vulnerable emotions by incorporating in depth interviews in order to create worthwhile public awareness initiatives. Such initiatives should seek to minimise societal pressures that are placed upon men to ensure conformity to dominant masculine ideologies and their socialised gendered role when experiencing and expressing vulnerable emotions such as grief.
Gastrointestinal symptoms among COVID‐19 patients presenting to a primary health care center of Nepal: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Gurung Shekhar , Karki Saurab , Pathak Bishnu Deep , Yadav Gopal K. , Bhatta Gaurab , Thapa Sumin , Banmala Sabin , Thapa Anil J. , Roka Kumar 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackground and AimCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) is a major public health problem causing significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Apart from respiratory symptoms, gastrointestinal symptoms like nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal discomfort are quite common among COVID‐19 patients. The gastrointestinal tract can be a potential site for virus replication and feces a source of transmission. Thus, ignorance of enteric symptoms can hinder effective disease control. The objective of this study is to see the gastrointestinal manifestation of the disease and its effect on morbidity and mortality.MethodsThis observational cross‐sectional retrospective study was carried out among 165 laboratory‐confirmed COVID‐19 patients in primary health care of Gorkha, Nepal from March 1, 2021 to March 1, 2022. A systematic random sampling method was adopted while data were entered and analyzed by Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 21.ResultsOf 165 patients, 97 patients (58.78%) had enteric involvement. Among gastrointestinal symptoms, diarrhea in 67 patients (40.6%) and nausea and/or vomiting in 66 patients (40%) were the most common symptoms, followed by abdominal pain in 27 patients (16.4%) and anorexia in 19 patients (11.5%). Of the majority of cases with gastrointestinal involvement, 63 (63%) were below 50 years of age. Many of the patients who received vaccination had gastrointestinal symptoms (79%). Complications like acute respiratory distress syndrome, shock, and arrhythmia developed in 9.7% of patients, with the death of eight patients. COVID‐19 vaccination was associated with 4.32 times higher odds of having gastrointestinal involvement in subsequent COVID‐19 infection.ConclusionsDiarrhea followed by nausea/vomiting was among the most common gastrointestinal symptoms affecting younger age groups in our study. Enteric symptoms were more common among vaccinated people rather than among nonvaccinated ones.
Incidence trends of primary liver cancer in different geographical regions of China from 1978 to 2012 and projections to 2032: An age‐period‐cohort analysis
Authors: Jiang Lin , Zhao Ningxuan , Xu Minghan , Pei Jiao , Lin Yidie , Yao Qiang , Hu Meijing , Zhu Cairong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractChina accounted for 45.3% of new cases of primary liver cancer (PLC) worldwide in 2020. While variations in PLC incidence between different regions of China and decreasing incidence in overall China have been reported, incidence patterns have not been thoroughly explored by region. We examined the nearly status and temporal trends of PLC incidence in different geographical regions in China and project future trends. The age‐standardized incidence rate (ASR) was estimated for 1978 to 2012 by different geographical regions and gender in China. Age‐period‐cohort model was adopted to evaluate age and birth cohort effects on the temporal trend of five registries of China (Hong Kong, Shanghai, Jiashan, Harbin and Zhongshan), Bayesian age‐period‐cohort model was adopted to project future trends for 2013 to 2032. PLC incidence in China exhibits marked geographical disparity, with the highest incidence in Southwest China, and gender differences being particularly pronounced in South China. While other registries exhibited decreasing trend, Zhongshan exhibited an increasing trend, with the cohort effect showing a marked upward trend for females born in 1916 to 1949 and males born in 1916 to 1962. During 2013 to 2032, the ASR appears to increase by 86.9% for men and 40.0% for women in Zhongshan, while the remaining registries will decline by around 50%. Since the high incidence of hepatitis B virus infection in early birth cohort, recent rise of nonviral risk factors and the severe aging of the Chinese population, it may be critical to tailor future prevention and control strategies for PLC to the distribution of risk factors in different geographical regions.
Irrigation management by a private irrigation operator (PIO) under a fixed‐term management contract: An alternative approach to managing irrigation in Nepal
Authors: Parajuli Umesh Nath 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMost of the agency‐built surface irrigation systems in Nepal the operation and maintenance (O&M) of which are being managed by irrigation agencies jointly with farmers are not performing satisfactorily. The unreliable delivery of irrigation services to farmers is one of the reasons for this. Thus, the most important challenge in the past and in the present is how to enhance the delivery of irrigation services to farmers.If one examines the private sector management of other public enterprises, they are efficiently delivering services to their clients. Considering this aspect, the government of Nepal recognized that irrigation systems or parts of them may also be managed through private irrigation operators (PIOs) under a fixed‐term management contract to enhance their service delivery.This paper analyses the O&M of jointly managed irrigation systems (JMISs) and suggests that a lack of capacity, accountability and incentive mechanisms on the part of irrigation agencies are the principal causes pertaining to the deficient delivery of irrigation services in them. It further suggests that introducing PIOs in managing the operation and maintenance of part of the JMISs can address these causes. The paper argues that the said PIO approach is viable from financial, technical and managerial perspectives.