bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patientensicherheit bei differenzierter (innerklinischer) Schockraumaktivierung für Schwerverletzte
Authors: Hagel S. , Liedtke K. R. , Bax S. , Wailke S. , Klüter T. , Behrendt P. , Franke G. M. , Seekamp A. , Langguth P. , Balandin A. , Grünewald M. , Schunk D. 
Published: January 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund und Fragestellung
Das Vorhalten einer Schockraumbereitschaft erfordert hohe personelle und instrumentelle Kosten. Das Ziel dieser Studie war es, die Versorgungsressourcen durch die Kategorisierung in einen A‑Schockraum und einen B‑Schockraum als modifiziertes Versorgungskonzept auf seine Sicherheit und Praktikabilität zu prüfen.

Methodik
In einer prospektiven, monozentrischen Studie wurden traumatologische Schockräume im Zeitraum von Mai 2020 bis Januar 2021 anhand der S3 Leitlinien GoR A und B Kriterien und des ABCDE-Schemas in A‑Schockräume (SR-A) oder B‑Schockräume (SR-B) eingeteilt. Die Einteilung der Schockräume erfolgte nach telefonischer Anmeldung bei dem Oberarzt der Notaufnahme. Neben den Vitalparametern bei der Patientenaufnahme wurden die Hospitalisierungsdauer sowie die Mortalität erhoben. Die Gruppenvergleiche erfolgten mittels t-Test, Chi-Quadrat-Test oder Mann-Whitney-U-Test verwendet und ein p < 0,05 als signifikant definiert.

Ergebnis
Im Studienzeitraum wurden 135 Schockräume erfasst. Davon waren 93 Schockraumanmeldungen dem SR-B- und 42 dem SR-A-Team zugeteilt worden. In der Zuweisung zeigte sich, dass bei SR-A-Trauma-Patienten in 80,5 % eine Notarztbegleitung erfolgte, während dies bei dem SR-B-Patienten bei 55,5 % lag. Der Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) war bei den SR‑B Patienten signifikant höher. In der Notfallsonographie (eFAST) konnte in einem Fall der SR‑A und in vier Fällen des SR‑B ein traumaassoziierter pathologischer Befund festgestellt werden. Eine Übernahme auf die Intensivstation war in 26 % bei SR‑A und 3,2 % bei SR‑B notwendig. Neun SR‑A Patienten und ein SR‑B Patient verstarben innerhalb von 30 Tagen. Der Injury Severity Score (ISS) zeigte eine signifikant größere Verletzungsschwere bei den Patienten im SR‑A zu den Patienten im SR‑B (ISS 28,3 vs. 6,8).

Schlussfolgerung
Die Ergebnisse dieser Studie zeigen, dass die innerklinische Zuordnung in einen A‑ und einen B‑Schockraum nach dem Polytraumameldebild in Verbindung mit dem gemeldeten ABCDE-Status sicher anzuwenden ist. Dabei werden die personellen Schockraumressourcen effizient eingesetzt, ohne dass es einen Hinweis auf eine gesteigerte Patientengefährdung durch diese Form der Zuteilung gibt.

Graphic abstract
Effect of discharge accumulation on wire breakage in WEDM process
Authors: Wang Jun , Sánchez José A. , Izquierdo Borja , Ayesta Izaro 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In recent years, WEDM has been adopted in precision machining as an important alternative machining method because of its greater flexibility and lower wear cost compared with traditional machining, whereas wire breakage during WEDM is an unignorable problem that influences the machining quality and efficiency. Therefore, it has been a research topic of considerable interest. This work focuses on exploring the reason for the wire breakage. Firstly, by observing the wire after discharges and using the finite element method, a complete thermal model considering both latent heat and flushing efficiency was built. With this model, the simulation of the crater on the wire was finished. Then based on the result gotten from the simulation and experiment, the heat partition ratio to the wire was found as 46.74% by inverse fitting. After that, a wire breakage experiment was done and through locating the position of 50 discharges before wire breakage it is found that 34% of discharges were located within a range of 2 mm, and the minimum area in the wire cross-section only remained 41.88% compared with the original wire. This kind of decrease in the cross-section area made the stress higher than the UTS of the wire and caused the wire breakage. The findings of this work allow for a more in-depth understanding of the effect of discharge accumulation on wire breakage.
Risk Stratification of Patients with Marginal Hepatic Functional Reserve Using the Remnant Hepatocyte Uptake Index in Gadoxetic Acid‐Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Safe Liver Surgery
Authors: Akabane Miho , Shindoh Junichi , Kobayashi Yuta , Okubo Satoshi , Matsumura Masaru , Hashimoto Masaji 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to explore the efficacy of gadoxetic acid‐enhanced (Gd‐EOB) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in surgical risk estimation among patients with marginal hepatic function estimated by indocyanine green (ICG) clearance test.MethodsThis analysis focused on 120 patients with marginal hepatic functional reserve (ICG clearance rate of future liver remnant [ICG‐Krem] < 0.10). Preoperative Gd‐EOB MRI was retrospectively reviewed, and the remnant hepatocyte uptake index (rHUI) was calculated for quantitative measurement of liver function. The predictive power of rHUI for posthepatectomy liver failure was compared with several clinical measures used in current risk estimation before hepatectomy.ResultsReceiver operating curve analysis showed that rHUI had the best predictive power for posthepatectomy liver failure among the tested variables (ICG‐R15, ICG‐Krem, albumin + bilirubin score, and albumin + ICG‐R15 score). Cross‐validation showed that a threshold of 925 could be the best cut‐off value for estimating the postoperative risk of liver failure with sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, and negative likelihood ratio of 0.689, 0.884, 5.94, and 0.352, respectively.ConclusionrHUI could be a sensitive substitute measure for posthepatectomy liver failure risk estimation among patients with marginal hepatic functional reserve.
The Effects of Chronic Steroid Use on Postoperative Complications Following Thyroidectomy
Authors: Koh Elizabeth S. , Chen Frank R. , Chen Sophia , Quan Theodore , Leung Karen L. , Yang Jason 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundPatients undergoing thyroidectomy are sometimes on chronic steroids for underlying disease. This study examined the postoperative risk profile of thyroidectomy patients on chronic steroids.MethodsPatients in the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) database who underwent thyroidectomy were sorted by presence or absence of chronic steroid use. Clinicodemographics, comorbidities, and postoperative complications were recorded and compared between the two. Univariate and multivariate analyses compared the groups and calculated odds ratios (OR).ResultsWe identified 42,857 patients. 41,903 (97.8%) patients were not on chronic steroids, while 954 (2.2%) were. Most underwent total thyroidectomy (18,748, 43.75%) or total lobectomy (16,323, 38.09%). Following univariate and multivariate analyses, patients on chronic steroids had increased risk of postoperative bleeding and transfusions (OR = 0.375, p = 0.046, 95% CI 0.223–0.988), open wound infection (OR = 0.226, p < 0.001, 95% CI 0.117–0.437), pulmonary embolism (OR = 0.312, p = 0.034, 95% CI 0.106–0.918), and ventilator use > 48 h (OR = 0.401, p < 0.008, 95% CI 0.205–0.785).ConclusionsChronic steroid use prior to thyroidectomy is an independent risk factor for multiple postoperative complications, namely postoperative bleeding and transfusions, open wound infection, pulmonary embolism, and ventilator use over 48 h. Patients on chronic steroids should be medically optimized before thyroidectomy to reduce the risk of potentially life‐threatening complications.
Phytotoxic Interference of Culture Filtrates of Endophytic Bacteria Associated with Nerium oleander Leaf Against Seed Germination of the Invasive Noxious Weed Cenchrus echinatus
Authors: Hagaggi Noura Sh. A. , Abdul-Raouf Usama M. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWeeds cause destructive agricultural losses, so weed control is an urgent challenge facing agriculture. The extensive use of synthetic chemical herbicides has detrimental environmental impacts and promotes the emergence of resistant species. Therefore, in this study we tried to find a new natural weed control that can ensure biosafety and eco-sustainability. The phytotoxic potential of culture filtrates of the endophytes Bacillus inaquosorum NL1 and Bacillus safensis NL2 isolated from Nerium oleander leaf against the invasive harmful weed species Cenchrus echinatus was evaluated. Culture filtrates of both bacterial species exhibited potent phytotoxic activity, which resulted in 100% germination inhibition of C. echinatus. The chemical analysis of culture filtrates revealed high contents of total phenolics and n-alkanes that have phytotoxic effects against seed germination. According to the findings of this study the endophytic bacteria associated with N. oleander leaf can be used in the future to develop a sustainable bio-herbicide formulation.
Strain-modulated Rashba spin splitting and optical absorption of MoSSe/WSe$$_2$$ heterostructures
Authors: Xuan Wenhua , Yang Ningjing , Luo Jinlong , Wang Rongli , Yang Hai , Jin Guojun 
Published: January 2023

AbstractEffective modulation of electronic and optical properties for van der Waals heterostructures is beneficial to spintronics and optoelectronic devices. We use first-principle calculations to investigate the effects of intralaminar biaxial strain on the Rashba spin splitting and optical absorption of MoSSe/WSe$$_2$$

2

heterostructures. First, considering the different stacking manners, the most stable configuration is confirmed from six heterostructures. The results show that this is in type II energy band alignment, which effectively reduces the carrier recombination rate. Second, Rashba splitting strength can be effectively modulated by biaxial strain, and splitting occurs at the $$\Gamma $$
Γ
point, in which the tensile and compressive strains can suppress and promote the strength, respectively. Third, we calculate the dielectric constant and optical absorption of the MoSSe/WSe$$_2$$

2

heterostructure and find a higher optical absorption coefficient in visible light scope than two monolayers, and the maximum value can reach 6.11$$\times $$
×
$$10^5$$

10
5

cm$$^{-1}$$

-
1

. The first absorption peak of the heterostructure increases with increasing tensile strain and the absorption edge is red shifted. On the contrary, there is an opposite effect under compressive strain. These results suggest that MoSSe/WSe$$_2$$

2

heterostructures have potential applications in strain-tunable spintronic and optoelectronic devices.
Contribution of cryptochromes and photolyases for insect life under sunlight
Authors: Deppisch Peter , Kirsch Valentina , Helfrich-Förster Charlotte , Senthilan Pingkalai R. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe cryptochrome/photolyase (CRY/PL) family is essential for life under sunlight because photolyases repair UV-damaged DNA and cryptochromes are normally part of the circadian clock that controls the activity–sleep cycle within the 24-h day. In this study, we aim to understand how the lineage and habitat of an insect affects its CRY/PL composition. To this end, we searched the large number of annotated protein sequences of 340 insect species already available in databases for CRY/PLs. Using phylogenetic tree and motif analyses, we identified four frequent CRY/PLs in insects: the photolyases 6-4 PL and CPDII PL, as well as the mammalian-type cryptochrome (MCRY) and Drosophila-type cryptochrome (DCRY). Assignment of CRY/PLs to the corresponding insects confirmed that light-exposed insects tend to have more CRY/PLs than insects with little light exposure. Nevertheless, even insects with greatly reduced CRY/PLs still possess MCRY, which can be regarded as the major insect cryptochrome. Only flies of the genus Schizophora, which includes Drosophila melanogaster, lost MCRY. Moreover, we found that MCRY and CPDII PL as well as DCRY and 6-4 PL occur very frequently together, suggesting an interaction between the two pairs.
Modified surgical anchor refixation in older patients with acute proximal hamstring rupture: clinical outcome, patient satisfaction and muscle strength
Authors: Chocholáč Tomáš , Bühl Linda , Nüesch Corina , Bleichner Niklas , Mündermann Annegret , Stoffel Karl 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Introduction
After conventional surgical refixation of the hamstrings after proximal hamstring rupture, patients frequently experience pain while sitting and deficits in hamstring muscle strength of the operated side. To improve these outcomes, we have modified the surgical anchor placement and have carried out a thorough follow-up examination.

Materials and methods
Thirteen older patients (8 female, 5 males) with a median age of 64.2 (range, 52.1–80.4) years were surgically treated for acute proximal hamstring rupture using modified anchor placement and participated in a follow-up assessment at a median of 46.2 (11.2–75.0) months after surgery. Patients completed the Perth Hamstring Assessment Tool (PHAT), quality of life questionnaire (EQ-5D-5L) and the Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS), and rated their satisfaction level on a scale from 0 to 100%. Local tenderness on the ischial tuberosity and maximum passive hip flexion were measured on both limbs. Maximum isokinetic knee flexor muscle strength was measured bilaterally using a dynamometer.

Results
The median (range) PHAT, EQ-5D-5L and LEFS score were 78.8/100 (54.6–99.8), 0.94/1 (0.83–1) and 88.75/100 (61.25–100). The median satisfaction was 100% (90–100%). Only one patient felt discomfort when the ischial tuberosity was palpated. Neither maximum passive hip flexion nor maximum isokinetic flexor muscle strength differed between the operated and non-operated side (P > 0.58). Clinical scores did not correlate with the leg symmetry index of knee flexor muscle strength (Spearman’s rho < 0.448, P > 0.125). There were no tendon re-ruptures, or postoperative sciatic radiculopathy, at the time of follow-up.

Conclusions
The modified extra-anatomical anchor placement resulted in good clinical and functional outcome of surgical repair of acute proximal hamstring rupture. Especially the absence of postoperative pain while sitting and the comparable muscle strength to the contralateral side is promising.

Clinical trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04867746, registered.
Neurofilament light (NfL) as biomarker in serum and CSF in status epilepticus
Authors: Margraf Nils G. , Dargvainiene Justina , Theel Emily , Leypoldt Frank , Lieb Wolfgang , Franke Andre , Berger Klaus , Kuhle Jens , Kuhlenbaeumer Gregor 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Objective
We explored the potential of neurofilament light chain (NfL) in serum and cerebrospinal fluid as a biomarker for neurodestruction in status epilepticus.

Methods
In a retrospective analysis, we measured NfL in serum and cerebrospinal fluid samples of patients with status epilepticus using a highly sensitive single-molecule array technique (Simoa). Status epilepticus was diagnosed according to ILAE criteria. Additionally, we employed an alternative classification with more emphasis on the course of status epilepticus. We used data from three large control groups to compare NfL in status epilepticus versus neurologically healthy controls.

Results
We included 28 patients (mean age: 69.4 years, SD: 15 years) with a median status duration of 44 h (IQR: 80 h). Twenty-one patients (75%) suffered from convulsive status epilepticus and seven (25%) from non-convulsive status epilepticus. Six patients died (21%). Cerebrospinal fluid and serum NfL concentrations showed a high correlation (r = 0.73, p < 0.001, Pearson). The main determinant of NfL concentration was the status duration. NfL concentrations did not differ between convulsive status epilepticus and convulsive status epilepticus classified according to the ILAE or to the alternative classification without and with adjusting for status duration and time between status onset and sampling. We found no association of NfL concentration with death, treatment refractoriness, or prognostic scores.

Conclusion
The results suggest that neurodestruction in status epilepticus measured by NfL is mainly determined by status duration, not status type nor therapy refractoriness. Therefore, our results suggest that regarding neurodestruction convulsive and non-convulsive status epilepticus are both neurological emergencies of comparable urgency.
Impact of intravitreal injection therapy on contrast sensitivity in patients with nAMD and DME
Authors: Dieke Sebastian , Wurche Stefanie , Ruebsam Anne , Wirbelauer Christopher , Joussen Antonia M. , Winterhalter Sibylle 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The study aims to evaluate changes in contrast sensitivity (CS) during therapy with intravitreal vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitors in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) and diabetic macular edema (DME).

Methods
Prospective, uncontrolled, multicenter study on patients with neovascular AMD or DME who underwent intravitreal injection therapy with Ranibizumab, Aflibercept, or Bevacizumab was conducted. Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and CS measured by Mars Letter Contrast Sensitivity Test (MLCS) and Freiburg Visual Acuity and Contrast Test (FrACT) in logCS were evaluated before 3 consecutive VEGF inhibitor injections, which followed the pro renata regimen in treatment-naïve and pretreated eyes with a maximum of 9 injections. Correlation of MLCS and FrACT was calculated by the Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient.

Results
Eighty eyes of 74 patients (mean age 72.7; SD ± 9.96) were included. BCVA improved significantly from 0.44 (SD ± 0.21) logMAR to 0.38 (SD ± 0.23) logMAR by 0.06 (SD ± 0.14) logMAR values (p < 0.001). CS measured by MLCS increased significantly from 1.27 (SD ± 0.25) logCS to 1.39 (SD ± 0.22) logCS (p < 0.001). CS measured by FrACT also improved significantly from 1.22 (SD ± 0.32) logCS to 1.30 (SD ± 0.29) logCS (p = 0.035). A positive correlation between MLCS and FrACT was found (r = 0.389; p < 0.001). Despite statistical significance, results for BCVA, MLCS, and FrACT failed clinical significance. Overall best test results were achieved with MLCS.

Conclusions
Intravitreal injection therapy with VEGF inhibitors led to an improvement of BCVA and CS measured by MLCS and FrACT. MLCS was superior and more sensitive compared to FrACT and even BCVA to evaluate CS in elderly patients with macular pathology.
Developmental and age differences in visuomotor adaptation across the lifespan
Authors: Ruitenberg Marit F. L. , Koppelmans Vincent , Seidler Rachael D. , Schomaker Judith 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn the present cross-sectional study, we examined age and sex differences in sensorimotor adaptation. We tested 253 individuals at a local science museum (NEMO Science Museum, Amsterdam). Participants spanned a wide age range (8–70 years old; 54% male), allowing us to examine effects of both development and healthy aging within a single study. Participants performed a visuomotor adaptation task in which they had to adapt manual joystick movements to rotated visual feedback. We assessed the rate of adaptation following the introduction of the visual perturbation (both for early and later stages of adaptation), and the rate of de-adaptation following its removal. Results showed reliable adaptation patterns which did not differ by sex. We observed a quadratic relationship between age and both early adaptation and de-adaptation rates, with younger and older adults exhibiting the fasted adaptation rates. Our findings suggest that both younger and older age are associated with poorer strategic, cognitive processes involved in adaptation. We propose that developmental and age differences in cognitive functions and brain properties may underlie these effects on sensorimotor functioning.
Teenagers’ and parental attitudes towards the use of placebo pills
Authors: de Bruijn Clara M.A. , Benninga Marc A. , Vlieger Arine M. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe placebo response a significant therapeutic improvement after a placebo intervention — can be high in children. The question arises of how optimal advantages of placebo treatment in pediatric clinical care be achieved. In this era of shared-decision making, it is important to be aware of patients’ and parental attitudes. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to assess teenagers’ and parental views on the use of placebo pills in pediatric clinical care. All patients (aged 12–18 years) and parents of children (aged 0–18 years), visiting the pediatric outpatient clinic between March 2020 through December 2020, were invited to participate in this study multicenter survey study. Of 1644 distributed questionnaires: 200/478 (47%) teenagers and 456/1166 (45%) parents filled out the complete survey. More parents were positive towards prescribing placebo medication than teenagers (80% vs. 71%, p = .019), especially when the clinician disclosed the use of a placebo to parents and teenagers, respectively (76% vs. 55%, p = .019). Increasing age of teenagers was positively associated with the willingness for placebo interventions (OR 0.803, 95%CI 0.659–0.979), as was a higher level of parental education (OR 0.706, 95%CI 0.526–0.949). Conclusion: This study emphasizes the willingness of teenagers and parents to receive placebo medication. Placebo medication becoming more acceptable and integrated into daily care may contribute to a decrease in medication use.

What is Known:• A placebo is a treatment without inherent power to produce any therapeutic effect, but can result in significant therapeutic improvement, the so-called placebo response.• Treatment response rates after placebo interventions in children can be high, ranging from 41 to 46% in pediatric trials.

What is New:• Most teenagers (71%) and parents (80%) find it appropriate for healthcare professionals to prescribe placebo medication.• Compared to adult care, pediatrics has a unique feature to disclose placebo treatment to parents while concealing it for the young patient: the majority of teenagers (85%) and parents (91%) agree to disclose placebo treatment to parents exclusively.
Gutted: constipation in children with chronic kidney disease and on dialysis
Authors: Wan Mandy , King Lillian , Baugh Natasha , Arslan Zainab , Snauwaert Evelien , Paglialonga Fabio , Shroff Rukshana 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Functional constipation is a common problem in otherwise healthy children. Children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and on dialysis have additional disease-related risk factors including the uremic milieu, fluid and dietary restrictions, and decreased physical activity, as well as treatment-related risk factors such as dialysis therapy and polypharmacy that contribute to and compound the problem. Constipation causes significant distress for children and their caregivers. In children on peritoneal dialysis, severe constipation can impede catheter function and ultrafiltration. Accumulating evidence points to a possible bidirectional relationship between constipation and CKD, potentially mediated by gut dysbiosis with consequent increased generation of gut-derived uremic toxins and disruption of intestinal epithelium integrity leading to translocation of noxious luminal contents into the circulation inducing systemic inflammation. Effective management of constipation is required but there is little published data on the safety and effectiveness of treatments in adults or children with CKD. In this review, we discuss the diagnosis and epidemiology of functional constipation, provide an overview of its pathophysiology, summarize the therapeutic management, and reflect on the challenges in children with CKD.