bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Familial adult myoclonus epilepsy: Clinical findings, disease course, and comorbidities
Authors: Giraldez Beatriz G. , Serratosa José M. , Striano Salvatore , Ikeda Akio , Striano Pasquale , Coppola Antonietta 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFamilial adult myoclonus epilepsy (FAME) is an autosomal dominant condition characterized by the association of myoclonic tremor and epilepsy mainly with onset in adulthood. The clinical course is non‐progressive or slowly progressive, as epilepsy is commonly controlled with appropriate antiseizure medication and individuals have a normal life expectancy. However, the myoclonus severity increases with age and leads to some degree of disability in the elderly. Because the non‐coding repeat expansions responsible for FAME are not detected by routine genetic tests being used at this time, a clinical diagnosis accompanied by neurophysiological testing remains essential to guide the geneticist on the selection of the specific genetic technique.
Global mangrove root production, its controls and roles in the blue carbon budget of mangroves
Authors: Arnaud Marie , Krause Stefan , Norby Richard J. , Dang Thuong Huyen , Acil Nezha , Kettridge Nicholas , Gauci Vincent , Ullah Sami 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMangroves are among the most carbon‐dense ecosystems worldwide. Most of the carbon in mangroves is found belowground, and root production might be an important control of carbon accumulation, but has been rarely quantified and understood at the global scale. Here, we determined the global mangrove root production rate and its controls using a systematic review and a recently formalised, spatially explicit mangrove typology framework based on geomorphological settings. We found that global mangrove root production averaged ~770 ± 202 g of dry biomass m−2 year−1 globally, which is much higher than previously reported and close to the root production of the most productive tropical forests. Geomorphological settings exerted marked control over root production together with air temperature and precipitation (r2 ≈ 30%, p < .001). Our review shows that individual global changes (e.g. warming, eutrophication, drought) have antagonist effects on root production, but they have rarely been studied in combination. Based on this newly established root production rate, root‐derived carbon might account for most of the total carbon buried in mangroves, and 19 Tg C lost in mangroves each year (e.g. as CO2). Inclusion of root production measurements in understudied geomorphological settings (i.e. deltas), regions (Indonesia, South America and Africa) and soil depth (>40 cm), as well as the creation of a mangrove root trait database will push forward our understanding of the global mangrove carbon cycle for now and the future. Overall, this review presents a comprehensive analysis of root production in mangroves, and highlights the central role of root production in the global mangrove carbon budget.
Association between glucose tolerance and mortality among Japanese community‐dwelling older adults aged over 75 years: 12‐year observation of the Tosa Longitudinal Aging Study
Authors: Tatsuno Mai , Wada Taizo , Kato Emiko , Hirayama Kiichi , Fujisawa Michiko , Kimura Yumi , Ishimoto Yasuko , Hirosaki Mayumi , Nose Mitsuhiro , Yamada Chika , Kohori‐Segawa Hiromi , Kasahara Yoriko , Yamamoto Naomune , Okumiya Kiyohito , Matsubayashi Kozo , Sakamoto Ryota 
Published: March 2023

AimAlthough the relationship between impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and mortality has been investigated in diverse populations, few studies have focused on older populations. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between glucose tolerance and overall mortality among populations aged ≥75 years.MethodsData were obtained from the Tosa Longitudinal Aging Study, a community‐based cohort survey conducted in Kochi, Japan. According to the results of a 75‐g oral glucose tolerance test conducted in 2006, the participants were classified into four categories: normal glucose tolerance (NGT), impaired fasting glucose (IFG)/IGT, newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus (NDM), and known diabetes mellitus (KDM). The primary endpoint was overall mortality. Differences in overall mortality among the four categories were evaluated using the Cox proportional hazards model.ResultsDuring a median of 11.5 years of observation, 125 deaths of the 260 enrolled participants were recorded. The cumulative overall survival rate was 0.52, and the survival rates of NGT, IFG/IGT, NDM, and KDM were 0.48, 0.49, 0.49, and 0.25, respectively (log‐rank test, P = 0.139). Adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for mortality in the IFG/IGT and NDM groups compared with the NGT group were 1.02 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.66–1.58) and 1.11 (95% CI, 0.56–2.22), while mortality in the KDM group was significantly higher than that in the NGT group (HR, 2.43; 95% CI, 1.35–4.37).ConclusionMortality did not differ significantly between the IFG/IGT, NDM, and NGT groups, but was higher in the KDM group than in the NGT group. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2023; 23: 341–347.
Implantable defibrillator‐detected heart failure status predicts ventricular tachyarrhythmias
Authors: Compagnucci Paolo , Casella Michela , Bianchi Valter , Franculli Fabio , Vitali Francesco , Santini Luca , Savarese Gianluca , Santobuono Vincenzo Ezio , Chianese Raffaele , Lavalle Carlo , Amellone Claudia , Pecora Domenico , Calvanese Raimondo , Stronati Giulia , Santoro Amato , Ziacchi Matteo , Campari Monica , Valsecchi Sergio , Calò Leonardo , Guerra Federico , Dello Russo Antonio 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe prediction of ventricular tachyarrhythmias among patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators is difficult with available clinical tools. We sought to assess whether in patients with heart failure (HF) and reduced ejection fraction with defibrillators, physiological sensor‐based HF status, as summarized by the HeartLogic index, could predict appropriate device therapies.MethodsFive hundred and sixty‐eight consecutive HF patients with defibrillators (n = 158, 28%) or cardiac resynchronization therapy‐defibrillators (n = 410, 72%) were included in this prospective observational multicenter analysis. The association of both HeartLogic index and its physiological components with defibrillator shocks and overall appropriate therapies was assessed in regression and time‐dependent Cox models.ResultsOver a follow‐up of 25 (15–35) months, 122 (21%) patients received an appropriate device therapy (shock, n = 74, 13%), while the HeartLogic index crossed the threshold value (alert, HeartLogic ≥ 16) 1200 times (0.71 alerts/patient‐year) in 370 (65%) subjects. The occurrence of ≥1 HeartLogic alert was significantly associated with both appropriate shocks (Hazard ratios [HR]: 2.44, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.49–3.97, p = .003), and any appropriate defibrillator therapies. In multivariable time‐dependent Cox models, weekly IN‐alert state was the strongest predictor of appropriate defibrillator shocks (HR: 2.94, 95% CI: 1.73–5.01, p < .001) and overall therapies. Compared with stable patients, patients with appropriate shocks had significantly higher values of HeartLogic index, third heart sound amplitude, and resting heart rate 30–60 days before device therapy.ConclusionThe HeartLogic index is an independent dynamic predictor of appropriate defibrillator therapies. The combined index and its individual physiological components change before the arrhythmic event occurs.
A precise analysis of the relative contribution of UVA1 and visible light colour domains in solar light‐induced skin pigmentation
Authors: Marionnet Claire , Piffaut Virginie , Sasai Jun , Jouni Hussein , Nouveau Stephanie , Roudot Angelina , Planel Emilie , Gillant Flavie , Tricaud Caroline , Duteil Luc , Bernerd Francoise 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundSolar light induces or aggravates hyperpigmentation issues. The contribution of UVA1, as well as visible light (VL), especially high‐energy blue‐violet visible (HEV) light, is now clearly established.ObjectivesThis work aimed at determining the relative contribution of UVA1, HEV and VL wavelength bands and their sub‐domains in pigmentation induction.MethodsTwo clinical studies using solar simulators equipped with specific bandpass physical filters were carried out. Volunteers (FSPT III‐IV) were exposed on the back to UVA1 + HEV (350–450 nm), UVA1 (350–400 nm), HEV (400–450 nm) or part of UVA1 + HEV (370–450 nm) in Study 1 (n = 27) and to VL (400–700 nm), HEV (400–450 nm), Blue (400–500 nm), Green (500–600 nm) and Green+Red (500–700 nm) domains in Study 2 (n = 25). Pigmentation level was assessed by visual scoring and colorimetry at different time points postexposure, up to Day 43.ResultsInduced pigmentation was detected in all exposed conditions, peaking at 2 h and thereafter progressively decreasing but remaining persistent up to Day 43. In Study 1, UVA1 showed an additive effect with HEV, with a significant contribution coming from the Longest UVA1 rays (370–400 nm). Study 2 demonstrated that 24 h postexposure, the Blue domain accounted for 71% of VL‐induced pigmentation, the HEV one for 47%, the Green one for 37% and the Green+Red one for 36%, confirming no significant effect for Red light.ConclusionsAltogether, these results underline the need for UVA1 photoprotection up to 400 nm and highlight the importance of protecting the skin from solar VL wavelengths and especially from HEV, Blue and Green light, to limit induced pigmentation.
Low birthweight newborns in Vanuatu: A longitudinal follow‐up study
Authors: Garae Annette , Vangana Caleb , Orelly Thyna , Leodoro Basil , Pulsan Francis , Duke Trevor 
Published: March 2023

AimMedical care and technology have increased the survival of low birthweight babies (LBW), but especially in low‐ and middle‐income settings the longer term thriving of such babies is not assured because of their fragility, limited services and difficult access after discharge from hospital. In Vanuatu, a Pacific nation of dispersed islands, improving LBW outcomes and survival remains a significant challenge. In this study, we prospectively document the survival, developmental and nutritional outcomes of a cohort of LBW over the first year of life. We also explored the mother's experiences of caring for an LBW baby in hospital and at home.MethodsA prospective descriptive cohort study of 49 newborns weighing less than 2.5 kg, born between April and August 2019. Data were recorded on their hospital stay, and they were followed up at 6 and 12 months post‐discharge and outcomes recorded. Developmental milestones were assessed using the Denver Developmental Screening Test, using milestones appropriate for corrected age. Qualitative interviews were conducted to identify experiences and challenges the mothers faced in caring for their LBW baby.ResultsThe mean birthweight was 1800 g at 35 weeks gestation (between 2nd and 9th centile). At 6 months of age the median weight was 6.5 kg (9th centile) and at 12 months it was 7.8 kg (9th centile). Three infants died in the first 6 months post‐discharge. By 12 months of age, the proportion of infants who had achieved milestones of social and emotional (90%), language and communication (97%), cognition (85%) and motor (69%) development. One had evidence of retinopathy, and 19 had clinical anaemia. Mothers identified several stressors that they attributed as risk factors for premature delivery and outlined the difficulties and isolation of caring for an LBW baby.ConclusionsIt is vital that all LBW babies are followed up in the years after discharge: nutritional, developmental and general health outcomes were generally good; however, post‐discharge deaths are more common in this group than in the general population. Equally important is the support for mothers of LBW babies to achieve better outcomes.
Higher expression of Th1/Th2‐related cytokines in the intestine of Wistar rats with ligature‐induced periodontitis
Authors: de Mello‐Neto João Martins , Elangovan Gayathiri , Ervolino Edilson , Johnson Newell Walter , Gustafsson Anders , da Silva Figueredo Carlos Marcelo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the impact of ligature‐induced periodontitis (LIP) on histopathological and immunological outcomes in the colon of Wistar rats.BackgroundIt has been repeatedly shown that inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients are at higher risk of developing periodontitis and presenting worse oral health than non‐IBD patients. However, whether the chronic inflammatory process around teeth contributes to the pathophysiology of IBD needs to be further explored.Materials and MethodsThirteen Wistar rats were allocated into LIP (n = 7) and controls (n = 6). Half of the colon was processed for histopathological analyses and immunohistochemical (CD45); the other half was homogenized for immunological analyses. Periodontal destruction was confirmed by measuring the distance from the cementum‐enamel junction to the mandible's apical position of the mesial interproximal bone. The immunological analyses were performed with the Bio‐Plex Th1/Th2 assay.ResultsThere was a significantly higher interproximal bone loss in LIP compared to controls. The LIP group showed a moderate infiltrate of inflammatory cells, predominantly mononucleated cells in the intestinal tissues. There was significantly higher expression of GM‐CSF, IFN‐γ, IL‐1α, IL‐1β, IL‐2, IL‐4, IL‐5, IL‐10, IL‐12 (p70), IL‐13, and TNF‐α in the intestinal tissues of LIP group compared to controls.ConclusionLigature‐induced periodontitis was associated with an overexpression of Th1/Th2‐related cytokines in the colon of Wistar rats.
Silicon ameliorates clubroot responses in canola (Brassica napus): A “multi‐omics”‐based investigation into possible mechanisms
Authors: Sarkar Ananya , Kisiala Anna , Adhikary Dinesh , Basu Urmila , Emery R. J. Neil , Rahman Habibur , Kav Nat N. V. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractClubroot disease, caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae Woronin, results in severe yield losses in Brassica crops, including canola. Silicon (Si) mitigates several stresses and enhances plant resistance to phytopathogens. We investigated the effects of Si on clubroot disease symptoms in canola at two concentrations of Si, Si: soil in 1: 100 w/w (Si1.0) and Si: soil in 1:200 w/w (Si0.5) under greenhouse conditions. In addition, the effects of Si on P. brassicae‐induced gene expression, endogenous levels of phytohormones and metabolites were studied using “omics” approaches. Si application reduced clubroot symptoms and improved plant growth parameters. Gene expression analysis revealed increased transcript‐level responses in Si1.0 compared to Si0.5 plants at 7‐, 14‐, and 21‐days post‐inoculation (dpi). Pathogen‐induced transcript‐level changes were affected by Si treatment, with genes related to antioxidant activity (e.g., POD, CAT), phytohormone biosynthesis and signalling (e.g., PDF1.2, NPR1, JAZ, IPT, TAA), nitrogen metabolism (e.g., NRT, AAT), and secondary metabolism (e.g., PAL, BCAT4) exhibiting differential expression. Endogenous levels of phytohormones (e.g., auxin, cytokinin), a majority of the amino acids and secondary metabolites (e.g., glucosinolates) were increased at 7 dpi, followed by a decrease at 14‐ and 21‐dpi due to Si‐treatment. Stress hormones such as abscisic acid (ABA), salicylic acid (SA), and jasmonic acid (JA) also decreased at the later time points in Si0.5, and Si1.0 treated plants. Si appears to improve clubroot symptoms while enhancing plant growth and associated metabolic processes, including nitrogen metabolism and secondary metabolite biosynthesis.
The photoprotective dilemma of a chloroplast: to avoid high light or to quench the fire?
Authors: Zubik‐Duda Monika , Luchowski Rafal , Maksim Magdalena , Nosalewicz Artur , Zgłobicki Piotr , Banaś Agnieszka Katarzyna , Grudzinski Wojciech , Gruszecki Wieslaw I. 
Published: March 2023

SUMMARYThe safe and smooth functioning of photosynthesis in plants is ensured by the operation of numerous regulatory mechanisms that adjust the density of excitation resulting from photon absorption to the capabilities of the photosynthetic apparatus. Such mechanisms include the movement of chloroplasts inside cells and the quenching of electronic excitations in the pigment–protein complexes. Here, we address the problem of a possible cause‐and‐effect relationship between these two mechanisms. Both the light‐induced chloroplast movements and quenching of chlorophyll excitations were analyzed simultaneously with the application of fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy of Arabidopsis thaliana leaves, wild‐type and impaired in chloroplast movements or photoprotective excitation quenching. The results show that both regulatory mechanisms operate over a relatively wide range of light intensities. By contrast, impaired chloroplast translocations have no effect on photoprotection at the molecular level, indicating the direction of information flow in the coupling of these two regulatory mechanisms: from the photosynthetic apparatus to the cellular level. The results show also that the presence of the xanthophyll zeaxanthin is necessary and sufficient for the full development of photoprotective quenching of excessive chlorophyll excitations in plants.
Suspected adverse reactions reported for blood, blood components, and blood products in VigiBase
Authors: Samukange Washington T. , Lu Ting‐An , Souverein Patrick C. , Gardarsdottir Helga , Mantel‐Teeuwisse Aukje K. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroductionSince being designated as medicines by World Health Organization (WHO), blood components are subject to pharmacovigilance reporting. Using VigiBase, the WHO global database of individual case safety reports (ICSRs), we characterized reports of adverse reactions for all blood products.Study Design and MethodsICSRs involving blood products as the suspected medicine in VigiBase between 1968 and 2021 were extracted. MedDRA preferred terms and the International Society of Blood Transfusion haemovigilance definitions were used to stratify adverse reactions. Descriptive statistics were used to characterize ICSR demographics.ResultsA total of 111,033 ICSRs containing 577,577 suspected adverse reactions with 6152 MedDRA preferred terms were reported for 34 blood products. There were 12,153 (10.9%) reports for blood components, 98,135 (88.4%) reports for plasma‐derived medicines, and 745 (0.7%) reports for recombinant products. The majority of reports (21.0% and 19.7%, respectively) were from patients aged 45–64 and over 65 years. The Americas contributed the most ICSRs (49.7%). Top reported suspected adverse reactions were for the following MedDRA preferred terms: headache (3.5%), pyrexia (2.8%), chills (2.8%), dyspnoea (1.8%), and nausea (1.8%).ConclusionVigiBase already has a large number of reports on blood products. When compared to other existing haemovigilance databases, our study found reports from a broader range of countries and reporters. This may provide us with new perspectives, but for VigiBase to reach its full potential in haemovigilance some alterations in what is captured in reports are required.
Mechanical stretch promotes tenocyte migration via chromatin remodelling‐mediated nuclear morphology changes
Authors: Xu Pu , Zhang Bingyu , Luo Qing , Song Guanbin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWound healing and function recovery of injured tendons are still a big challenge for orthopaedic surgery. Evidence in clinic shows that early controlled motion has significant favourable effects on tendon healing; however, the mechanisms involved in are not fully understood. In the present study, it was shown that an appropriate mechanical stretch (10% strain, 0.5 Hz for 1 h) evidently promotes rat tenocyte migration and nuclear morphology changes. The farther research discovered that mechanical stretch had no effect on Lamin A/C expression, but it could promote chromatin decondensation. Moreover, the histone modification plays an important role in mechanical stretch‐mediated chromatin decondensation. Inhibition histone modification could inhibit mechanical stretch‐promoted nuclear morphology changes and tenocyte migration. These results indicating that mechanical stretch may promote tenocyte migration via chromatin remodelling‐mediated nuclear morphology changes, which contribute to a better understanding of the role of mechanical stretch on tenocyte migration and repair of injured tendon.
Thermal Performance and Turbulence Modeling of Combined Multiple Shell-Pass Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger
Authors: D Arunachalam , Shukla Anuj Kumar , Dewan Anupam , Salhotra Rahul , Singh Deepak Kumar 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This paper investigates the adaptability of different Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS)-based turbulence models for flow behavior and thermal performance of combined multiple shell-pass shell and tube heat exchanger (CMSP-STHE) with unilateral ladder-type helical baffle (ULHB). The presence of ULHB in the outer shell pass of the heat exchanger leads to a complex flow configuration and makes it quite challenging to deal with its computational analysis. The computational fluid dynamic method compares the CMSP-STHE with ULHB with the traditional shell and tube heat exchanger with segmental baffles (SG-STHE). The performance of four turbulence models, namely, realizable k–ɛ, standard k–ɛ, standard k–ω and RNG k–ɛ models are compared with the correlation data. It is observed that the standard k–ω turbulence model more accurately predicts the heat transfer and pressure drop compared to other models. The logarithmic mean temperature difference (LMTD) results for various mass flowrates and thermal performance enhancement factor (TPEF) corresponding to various values of Re are also presented. It is concluded that the TPEF of CMSP (ULHB)-STHE is higher than that of the conventional STHE. The average enhancement is approximately 28% for ULHB STHE than the conventional one. Further, variations in velocity, turbulence kinetic energy, and local Nusselt number along the tube length are examined to understand the thermal performance behavior with CMSP (ULHB)-STHE. It is clear from the results that the CMSP (ULHB)-STHE is a better alternative to the traditional SG-STHEs.
Dynamic Mooring Field Experiment and Design of a Wave Energy Converter Platform Test System
Authors: Lou Junhui , Yim Solomon C. , von Jouanne Annette 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This study evaluated a multi-catenary spread mooring system design of a mobile ocean test berth for wave energy converters (WECs), the Ocean Sentinel (OS) instrumentation buoy, through dynamic simulation, numerical analysis, and comparison with measured field motion data of the OS off the OR coast. First, the accuracy of the numerical employed model based on a fully-coupled method of the OS and its mooring lines was validated by comparing predicted mooring tensions to the field measurements. Then, the anchor movability, fatigue damage, and extreme mooring tension of the OS mooring system were analyzed to assess survivability. Field test results show that the numerical model provided accurate predictions of mooring tensions even under environmental conditions of strong wind, current, and waves. Factors affecting the accuracy are discussed. One mooring anchor was shown to have moved significantly during the ocean field test. Mooring fatigue damage was calculated for different levels of sea states. Design strengths of the mooring lines were calculated and analyzed.