bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endometriosis of the Appendix: When Appendicitis Is Less Than Straightforward
Authors: Hale Justin , Scott Benjamin , Suydam Camille , Brockmeyer Joel 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
We present a case report of a 49-year-old female with a history of ulcerative colitis who originally presented to the general surgery clinic after an incidental finding on computed tomography was concerning for a dilated, fluid-filled appendix. She ultimately underwent a laparoscopic appendectomy. The pathology returned consistent with early acute appendicitis, with endometrial tissue along the outer wall of the appendix. We then performed a literature review regarding appendiceal masses and the occurrence of endometriomas and/or endometriosis of the appendix. A PubMed search was performed using the key words of appendix and appendicitis and endometrioma. Specific articles were examined mentioning the occurrence of endometriomas of the appendix and isolated endometriosis of the appendix. Between 2% and 6% of cases of appendicitis present due to an appendiceal mass, usually an inflammatory phlegmon. A variety of other causes, including primary malignancy, secondary malignancy, and combinations of pathologies, may lead to the eventual removal of the appendix. Specifically, endometriosis of the appendix is reported in less than 1% of females on post-appendectomy pathologic analysis. Although specific symptoms may guide a provider, there are few distinguishing symptoms that would point a provider toward a different etiology, to include malignancy, for appendicitis. Further information is needed to determine when a patient has an increased risk for an underlying pathology when presenting with appendicitis. This information will help drive continued treatment and lead to improved screening for appendiceal masses.
High-grade pleomorphic sarcoma associated with an orthopedic implant: a rare case report
Authors: Benabbouha Abdellatif , Benyass Youssef , Sallahi Hicham , Margad Omar 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The use of prosthetic implants and metallic materials is widespread in modern orthopedic surgery. Generally, these materials are non-toxic and inert. Nevertheless, a few cases of malignancy associated with certain implants have been documented in the literature. It has been reported that some components of these implants have carcinogenic properties. In most cases, these tumors are high-grade sarcomas that occur in the bone or soft tissue adjacent to the implant site. Here we present the case of a 53-year-old patient who underwent intramedullary nailing of the tibia and developed a pleomorphic sarcoma at the implant site 18 years later.
Development of a single-ended magnetic alloy loaded cavity in the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex rapid cycling synchrotron
Authors: Yamamoto Masanobu , Nomura Masahiro , Okita Hidefumi , Shimada Taihei , Tamura Fumihiko , Hara Keigo , Hasegawa Katsushi , Ohmori Chihiro , Sugiyama Yasuyuki , Yoshii Masahito 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC) Rapid Cycling Synchrotron (RCS) employs magnetic alloy (MA) loaded cavities. We realize multi-harmonic rf driving and beam-loading compensation owing to the broadband characteristics of the MA. The currently installed cavity is the conventional type, which is designed to be driven by tube amplifiers in a push–pull operation. The push–pull operation has some advantages, i.e., suppressing a higher harmonic distortion without the beam acceleration and shortening the cavity length. However, a disadvantage arises at the high intensity beam acceleration where the multi-harmonic rf driving causes a severe imbalance of the anode voltage swing and restricts the tube operation. Although we have achieved an acceleration for the design beam power of 1 MW, the imbalance becomes an issue in increasing the beam power further. We have developed a single-ended MA cavity to avoid such difficulty. The cavity has no tube imbalance intrinsically and it is found that the power consumption to drive the cavity can be reduced compared with the conventional one.
Experimentation in Endogenous Organizations
Authors: Gieczewski Germán , Kosterina Svetlana 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
We study policy experimentation in organizations with endogenous membership. An organization decides when to stop a policy experiment based on its results. As information arrives, agents update their beliefs, and enter or leave the organization based on their expected flow payoffs. Unsuccessful experiments make all agents more pessimistic, but also drive out conservative members. We identify sufficient conditions under which the latter effect dominates, leading to excessive experimentation. In fact, the organization may experiment forever in the face of mounting negative evidence. Ex post heterogeneous payoffs exacerbate the problem, as optimists can join forces with guaranteed winners. Control by shareholders who own all future payoffs, however, can have a corrective effect. Our results contrast with models of collective experimentation with fixed membership, in which under-experimentation is the typical outcome.
Late autumn warming can both delay and advance spring budburst through contrasting effects on bud dormancy depth in Fagus sylvatica L.
Authors: Garrigues Romain , Dox Inge , Flores Omar , Marchand Lorène J , Malyshev Andrey V , Beemster Gerrit , AbdElgawad Hamada , Janssens Ivan , Asard Han , Campioli Matteo 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The current state of knowledge on bud dormancy is limited. However, expanding such knowledge is crucial in order to properly model forest responses and feedback to future climate. Recent studies have shown that warming can decrease chilling accumulation and increase dormancy depth, thereby inducing delayed budburst in European beech (Fagus sylvatica L). Whether fall warming can advance spring phenology is unclear. To investigate the effect of warming on endodormancy of deciduous trees, we tested the impact of mild elevated temperature (+2.5–3.5 °C; temperature, on average, kept at 10 °C) in mid and late autumn on the bud dormancy depth and spring phenology of beech. We studied saplings by inducing periods of warming in greenhouses over a 2-year period. Even though warming reduced chilling accumulation in both years, we observed that the response of dormancy depth and spring budburst were year-specific. We found that warming during endodormancy peak could decrease the bud dormancy depth and therefore advance spring budburst. This effect appears to be modulated by factors such as the date of senescence onset and forcing intensity during endodormancy. Results from this study suggest that not only chilling but also forcing controls bud development during endodormancy and that extra forcing in autumn can offset reduced chilling.
TWF1 induces autophagy and accelerates malignant phenotype in lung adenocarcinoma via inhibiting the cAMP signaling pathway
Authors: Wang Yu , Zuo Ran , Huo Gengwei , Han Zhiqiang , He Yuchao , Luo Yi , Chen Liwei , Li Guangtao , Cui Jinfang , Zhu Fuyi , Yue Ping , Yuan Dongqi , Sun Yi , Li Zhaoyue , Chen Peng , Guo Hua 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMany studies have shown that the actin cytoskeleton plays an essential role in the initiation and progression of cancer. As an actin‐binding protein, Twinfilin1 (TWF1) plays an important role in regulating cytoskeleton‐related functions. However, little is known about the expression and function of TWF1 in human tumors. The present study aimed to investigate the functional roles and the underlying molecular mechanisms of TWF1 in human lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). By using bioinformatics databases and tumor tissues, TWF1 expression was found to be higher in LUAD tissues than in adjacent tissues and poor survival was predicted in patients with LUAD. In vitro and in vivo assays indicated that downregulation of TWF1 expression suppressed LUAD cells invasion and migration. Further studies revealed that TWF1 interacted with p62 and was involved in the regulation of autophagy. The molecular mechanisms underlying TWF1 were investigated by RNA‐seq analysis and a series of functional experiments. The results showed that downregulation of TWF1 suppressed LUAD progression through the cAMP signaling pathway. Therefore, overexpression of TWF1 in LUAD promoted migration, invasion, and autophagy through the cAMP signaling pathway.
Giant cell arteritis and innovative treatments
Authors: Costanzo Giulia , Ledda Andrea Giovanni , Sambugaro Giada 
Published: June 2023

Purpose of review
Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is an idiopathic and persistent condition characterized by granulomatous vasculitis of the medium and large vessels with overlapping phenotypes, including conventional cranial arteritis and extra-cranial GCA, also known as large-vessel GCA. Vascular problems linked with large vessel involvement may partly be caused by delayed diagnosis, emphasizing the necessity of early detection and the fast beginning of appropriate therapy. Glucocorticoids are the cornerstone of treatment for GCA, but using them for an extended period has numerous, often severe, side effects.

Recent findings
clinical practice and novel discoveries on the pathogenic pathways suggest that steroid-free biologic treatments may be efficient and safe for GCA patients.

Summary
since now, only Tocilizumab is approved for GCA treatment, but several drugs are currently used, and ongoing trials could give both researchers and patients novel therapeutic strategies for induction, maintenance, and prevention of relapse of GCA. The aims of this work is to synthesize evidence from current studies present in scientific literature about innovative treatment of Giant cell artheritis
Electroencephalographic Biomarkers, Cerebral Oximetry, and Postoperative Cognitive Function in Adult Noncardiac Surgical Patients: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Vlisides Phillip E. , Li Duan , Maywood Michael , Zierau Mackenzie , Lapointe Andrew P. , Brooks Joseph , McKinney Amy M. , Leis Aleda M. , Mentz Graciela , Mashour George A. 
Published: June 2023

Background
Perioperative neurocognitive disorders are a major public health issue, although there are no validated neurophysiologic biomarkers that predict cognitive function after surgery. This study tested the hypothesis that preoperative posterior electroencephalographic alpha power, alpha frontal-parietal connectivity, and cerebral oximetry would each correlate with postoperative neurocognitive function.

Methods
This was a single-center, prospective, observational study of adult (older than 18 yr) male and female noncardiac surgery patients. Whole-scalp, 16-channel electroencephalography and cerebral oximetry were recorded in the preoperative, intraoperative, and immediate postoperative settings. The primary outcome was the mean postoperative T-score of three National Institutes of Health Toolbox Cognition tests—Flanker Inhibitory Control and Attention, List Sorting Working Memory, and Pattern Comparison Processing Speed. These tests were obtained at preoperative baseline and on the first two postoperative mornings. The lowest average score from the first two postoperative days was used for the primary analysis. Delirium was a secondary outcome (via 3-min Confusion Assessment Method) measured in the postanesthesia care unit and twice daily for the first 3 postoperative days. Last, patient-reported outcomes related to cognition and overall well-being were collected 3 months postdischarge.

Results
Sixty-four participants were recruited with a median (interquartile range) age of 59 (48 to 66) yr. After adjustment for baseline cognitive function scores, no significant partial correlation (ρ) was detected between postoperative cognition scores and preoperative relative posterior alpha power (%; ρ = –0.03, P = 0.854), alpha frontal-parietal connectivity (via weight phase lag index; ρ = –0.10, P = 0.570, respectively), or preoperative cerebral oximetry (%; ρ = 0.21, P = 0.246). Only intraoperative frontal-parietal theta connectivity was associated with postoperative delirium (F[1,6,291] = 4.53, P = 0.034). No electroencephalographic or oximetry biomarkers were associated with cognitive or functional outcomes 3 months postdischarge.

Conclusions
Preoperative posterior alpha power, frontal-parietal connectivity, and cerebral oximetry were not associated with cognitive function after noncardiac surgery.

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Perioperative continuous body weight measurements with load cells under the bed legs in patients undergoing abdominal surgery
Authors: Son Kyongsuk , Tarao Kentaroh , Hateruma Yuki , Nozaki-Taguchi Natsuko , Sato Yasunori , Isono Shiroh 
Published: June 2023

BACKGROUND
Both excessive positive fluid balance and body weight increase after surgery are risk factors for poor postoperative outcomes. The use in clinical practice and the value of perioperative body weight measurements are unclear at present, possibly due to difficulty in measuring body weight in patients lying on the bed and insufficient clinical research.

OBJECTIVES
To investigate the relationship between intraoperative fluid balance and body weight change and perioperative nightly body weight change pattern throughout the hospital stay with contact-free unconstraint load cells placed under the bed legs.

DESIGN
Observational and exploratory study.

SETTING
A single university hospital.

PATIENTS
Twenty adult patients were undergoing elective abdominal surgery under general anaesthesia.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Body weight.

RESULTS
Immediately after surgery, body weight increased significantly by 2.7 ± 1.3 kg, equivalent to a 5% increase from the preoperative body weight. This increase was not correlated with (P = 0.178) the intraoperative fluid balance and was significantly greater than the intraoperative fluid balance 1.5 ± 0.4 kg (P < 0.001). The body weight returned to the preoperative level on postoperative day (POD)3 and further significantly decreased to 97% of the preoperative body weight at POD6 (P < 0.001). This physiological nocturnal weight loss pattern was maintained throughout hospitalisation except when fluid was infused. Compared with their preoperative status, patients stayed in bed longer with smaller body movements and left the bed less frequently during the daytime until POD3. Conversely, the patients had greater body movements in bed during the night leading to smaller diurnal variation in the body movements in bed after POD4.

CONCLUSION
Both perioperative fluid balance calculation and body weight measurement may have different but mutually complementary roles in perioperative managements. Postoperative fluid and nutrition management strategies are potentially new directions for treatment through continuous weight monitoring during the perioperative period.

Trial registration
: UMIN Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN000040164).
Pelvic ring injuries: recent advances in diagnosis and treatment
Authors: de Ridder Victor A. , Whiting Paul S. , Balogh Zsolt J. , Mir Hassan R. , Schultz Blake J. , Routt Milton “Chip” 
Published: June 2023

Summary:
Pelvic ring injuries typically occur from high-energy trauma and are often associated with multisystem injuries. Prompt diagnosis of pelvic ring injuries is essential, and timely initial management is critical in the early resuscitation of polytraumatized patients. Definitive management of pelvic ring injuries continues to be a topic of much debate in the trauma community. Recent studies continue to inform our understanding of static and dynamic pelvic ring stability. Furthermore, literature investigating radiographic and clinical outcomes after nonoperative and operative management will help guide trauma surgeons select the most appropriate treatment of patients with these injuries.
Closed-loop Control of Functional Electrical Stimulation Using a Selectively Recording and Bidirectional Nerve Cuff Interface
Authors: Hwang Y. E. , Long L. , Filho J. Sales , Genov R. , Zariffa J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundDiscriminating recorded afferent neural information can provide sensory feedback for closed-loop control of functional electrical stimulation, which restores movement to paralyzed limbs. Previous work achieved state-of-the-art off-line classification of electrical activity in different neural pathways recorded by a multi-contact nerve cuff electrode, by applying deep learning to spatiotemporal neural patterns.ObjectiveTo incorporate this approach into closed-loop stimulation.MethodsAcutein vivoexperiments were conducted on 11 Long Evans rats to demonstrate closed-loop stimulation. A 64-channel (8 × 8) nerve cuff electrode was implanted on each rat’s sciatic nerve for recording and stimulation. A convolutional neural network (CNN) was trained with spatiotemporal signal recordings associated with 3 different states of the hindpaw (dorsiflexion, plantarflexion, and pricking of the heel). After training, firing rates were reconstructed from the classifier outputs for each of the three target classes. A rule-based closed-loop controller was implemented to produce ankle movement trajectories using neural stimulation, based on the classified nerve recordings. Closed-loop stimulation was initiated by the detection of a heel prick, and induced dorsiflexion. The detection of dorsiflexion triggered stimulation to induce plantarflexion, and vice versa. A single trial began with a heel prick and ended when an incorrect state transition occurred or when a second heel prick was detected.ResultsClosed-loop stimulation was successfully demonstrated in 6 subjects. Number of successful trials per subject ranged from 1-17 and number of correct state transitions per trial ranged from 3-53.ConclusionThis work demonstrates that a CNN applied to multi-contact nerve cuff recordings can be used for closed-loop control of functional electrical stimulation.
Dysregulation of Neuroprotective Lipoxin Pathway in Astrocytes in Response to Cytokines and Ocular Hypertension
Authors: Karnam Shruthi , Maurya Shubham , Ng Elainna , Choudhary Amodini , Thobani Arzin , Flanagan John G , Gronert Karsten 
Published: June 2023

AbstractGlaucoma leads to vision loss due to retinal ganglion cell death. Astrocyte reactivity contributes to neurodegeneration. Our recent study found that lipoxin B4(LXB4), produced by retinal astrocytes, has direct neuroprotective actions on retinal ganglion cells. In this study, we aimed to investigate how the autacoid LXB4influences astrocyte activity in the retina under inflammatory cytokine-induced activation and during ocular hypertension. The protective activity of LXB4was investigatedin vivousing the mouse silicone-oil model of chronic ocular hypertension (n=40). By employing a range of analytical techniques, including bulk RNA-seq, RNAscope in-situ hybridization, qPCR, and lipidomic analyses, we discovered the formation of lipoxins and expression of the lipoxin pathway in rodents (including the retina and optic nerve), primates (optic nerve), and human brain astrocytes, indicating the presence of this neuroprotective pathway across various species. Findings in the mouse retina identified significant dysregulation of the lipoxin pathway in response to chronic ocular hypertension, leading to an increase in 5- lipoxygenase (5-LOX) activity and a decrease in 15-LOX activity. This dysregulation was coincident with a marked upregulation of astrocyte reactivity. Reactive human brain astrocytes also showed a significant increase in 5-LOX. Treatment with LXB4amplified the lipoxin biosynthetic pathway by restoring and amplifying the generation of another member of the lipoxin family, LXA4, and mitigated astrocyte reactivity in mouse retinas and human brain astrocytes. In conclusion, the lipoxin pathway is functionally expressed in rodents, primates, and human astrocytes, and is a resident neuroprotective pathway that is downregulated in reactive astrocytes. Novel cellular targets for LXB4’s neuroprotective action are inhibition of astrocyte reactivity and restoration of lipoxin generation. Amplifying the lipoxin pathway is a potential target to disrupt or prevent astrocyte reactivity in neurodegenerative diseases, including retinal ganglion cell death in glaucoma.
Cellular-resolution gene expression mapping reveals organization in the head ganglia of the gastropod,Berghia stephanieae
Authors: Ramirez M. Desmond , Bui Thi N. , Katz Paul S. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractGastropod molluscs such asAplysia,Lymnaea, andTritoniahave been important for determining fundamental rules of motor control, learning, and memory because of their large, individually identifiable neurons. Yet for the vast majority of gastropod neurons, as well as glia, there are no established molecular markers, limiting the ability to establish brain-wide structure-function relations. Here we combine high-throughput, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) within-situhybridization chain reaction (HCR) in the nudibranchBerghia stephanieaeto identify and visualize the expression of markers for cell types. Broad neuronal classes were characterized by genes associated with neurotransmitters, like acetylcholine, glutamate, serotonin, and GABA, as well as neuropeptides. These classes were subdivided by other genes including transcriptional regulators and unannotated genes. Marker genes expressed by neurons and glia formed discrete, previously unrecognized regions within and between ganglia. This study provides the foundation for understanding the fundamental cellular organization of gastropod nervous systems.
A fast, reproducible, high-throughput variant calling workflow for evolutionary, ecological, and conservation genomics
Authors: Mirchandani Cade D. , Shultz Allison J. , Thomas Gregg W.C. , Smith Sara J. , Baylis Mara , Arnold Brian , Corbett-Detig Russ , Enbody Erik , Sackton Timothy B. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe increasing availability of genomic resequencing datasets and high quality reference genomes across the tree of life present exciting opportunities for comparative population genomic studies. However, substantial challenges prevent the simple reuse of data across different studies and species, arising from variability in variant calling pipelines, data quality, and the need for computationally intensive reanalysis. Here, we present snpArcher, a flexible and highly efficient workflow designed for the analysis of genomic resequencing data in non-model organisms. snpArcher provides a standardized variant calling pipeline and includes modules for variant quality control, data visualization, variant filtering, and other downstream analysis.Implemented in Snakemake, snpArcher is user-friendly, reproducible, and designed to be compatible with HPC clusters and cloud environments. To demonstrate the flexibility of this pipeline, we applied snpArcher to 26 public resequencing datasets from non-mammalian vertebrates. These variant datasets are hosted publicly to enable future comparative population genomic analyses. With its extensibility and the availability of public datasets, snpArcher will contribute to a broader understanding of genetic variation across species by facilitating rapid use and reuse of large genomic datasets.