bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Manchester Procedure vs Sacrospinous Hysteropexy for Treatment of Uterine Descent
Authors: Enklaar Rosa A. , Schulten Sascha F. M. , van Eijndhoven Hugo W. F. , Weemhoff Mirjam , van Leijsen Sanne A. L. , van der Weide Marijke C. , van Bavel Jeroen , Verkleij-Hagoort Anna C. , Adang Eddy M. M. , Kluivers Kirsten B. ,   SAM Study Group, Veen Joggem , Massop-Helmink Diana , Sikkema Marko , Lenselink Charlotte , Steures Pieternel , Wingen Chantal , Notten Kim , van Rumpt-van de Geest Deliana , Vellekoop Jorik , Engberts Maria Karin , Damoiseaux Anne , Stoutjesdijk Jackie , Mouw Ronald J.C. , van der Ploeg Marinus , van Gestel Iris , Vollebregt Astrid , Stekelenburg Jelle , Spaans Wilbert , Tiersma Stella , Klerkx Wenche , Speksnijder Leonie 
Published: August 2023

ImportanceIn many countries, sacrospinous hysteropexy is the most commonly practiced uterus-preserving technique in women undergoing a first operation for pelvic organ prolapse. However, there are no direct comparisons of outcomes after sacrospinous hysteropexy vs an older technique, the Manchester procedure.ObjectiveTo compare success of sacrospinous hysteropexy vs the Manchester procedure for the surgical treatment of uterine descent.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsMulticenter, noninferiority randomized clinical trial conducted in 26 hospitals in the Netherlands among 434 adult patients undergoing a first surgical treatment for uterine descent that did not protrude beyond the hymen.InterventionsParticipants were randomly assigned to undergo sacrospinous hysteropexy (n = 217) or Manchester procedure (n = 217).Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was a composite outcome of success, defined as absence of pelvic organ prolapse beyond the hymen in any compartment evaluated by a standardized vaginal support quantification system, absence of bothersome bulge symptoms, and absence of prolapse retreatment (pessary or surgery) within 2 years after the operation. The predefined noninferiority margin was 9%. Secondary outcomes were anatomical and patient-reported outcomes, perioperative parameters, and surgery-related complications.ResultsAmong 393 participants included in the as-randomized analysis (mean age, 61.7 years [SD, 9.1 years]), 151 of 196 (77.0%) in the sacrospinous hysteropexy group and 172 of 197 (87.3%) in the Manchester procedure group achieved the composite outcome of success. Sacrospinous hysteropexy did not meet the noninferiority criterion of −9% for the lower limit of the CI (risk difference, −10.3%; 95% CI, −17.8% to −2.8%; P = .63 for noninferiority). At 2-year follow-up, perioperative outcomes and patient-reported outcomes did not differ between the 2 groups.ConclusionsBased on the composite outcome of surgical success 2 years after primary uterus-sparing pelvic organ prolapse surgery for uterine descent, these results support a finding that sacrospinous hysteropexy is inferior to the Manchester procedure.Trial RegistrationTrialRegister.nl Identifier: NTR 6978
Barriers and Facilitators to Home Dialysis Among Latinx Patients with Kidney Disease
Authors: Rizzolo Katherine , Gonzalez Jauregui Rebeca , Barrientos Ileana , Teakell Jade , Camacho Claudia , Chonchol Michel , Waikar Sushrut S. , Cervantes Lilia 
Published: August 2023

ImportanceLatinx people have a high burden of kidney disease but are less likely to receive home dialysis compared to non-Latinx White people. The disparity in home dialysis therapy has not been completely explained by demographic, medical, or social factors.ObjectiveTo understand the barriers and facilitators to home dialysis therapy experienced by Latinx individuals with kidney failure receiving home dialysis.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis qualitative study used semistructured interviews with Latinx adults with kidney failure receiving home dialysis therapy in Denver, Colorado, and Houston, Texas, between November 2021 and March 2023. Patients were recruited from home dialysis clinics affiliated with academic medical centers. Of 34 individuals approached, 27 were included in the study. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using thematic analysis.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThemes and subthemes regarding barriers and facilitators to home dialysis therapy.ResultsA total of 27 Latinx adults (17 [63%] female and 10 [37%] male) with kidney failure who were receiving home dialysis participated. Themes and subthemes were identified, 3 related to challenges with home dialysis and 2 related to facilitators. Challenges to home dialysis included misinformation and immigration-related barriers to care (including cultural stigma of dialysis, misinformation regarding chronic disease care, and lack of health insurance due to immigration status), limited dialysis education (including lack of predialysis care, nonnephrologist education, and shared decision-making), and maintenance of home dialysis (including equipment issues, lifestyle restrictions, and anxiety about complications). Facilitators to home dialysis included improved lifestyle (including convenience, autonomy, physical symptoms, and dietary flexibility) and support (including family involvement, relationships with staff, self-efficacy, and language concordance).Conclusions and RelevanceLatinx participants in this study who were receiving home dialysis received misinformation and limited education regarding home dialysis, yet were engaged in self-advocacy and reported strong family and clinic support. These findings may inform new strategies aimed at improving access to home dialysis education and uptake for Latinx individuals with kidney disease.
A Ratiometric SERS Probe for Imaging the Macrophage Phenotypes in Live Mice with Epilepsy and Brain Tumor
Authors: Duan Wenjia , Wang Cong , Jiang Yiqing , Sui An , Li Zhi , Wang Lu , Lei Zuhai , Aime Silvio , Yu Jinhua , Li Cong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMacrophage performs multiple functions such as pathogen phagocytosis, antigen presentation, and tissue remodeling by polarizing toward a spectrum of phenotypes. Dynamic imaging of macrophage phenotypes is critical for evaluating disease progression and the therapeutic response of drug candidates. However, current technologies cannot identify macrophage phenotypes in vivo. Herein, a surface‐enhanced Raman scattering nanoprobe, AH1, which enables the accurate determination of physiological pH with high sensitivity and tissue penetration depth through ratiometric Raman signals is developed. Due to the phenotype‐dependent metabolic reprogramming, AH1 can effectively identify macrophage subpopulations by measuring the acidity levels in phagosomes. After intravenous administration, AH1 not only visualizes the spatial distribution of macrophage phenotypes in brain tumors and epileptic regions of mouse models, but also reveals the repolarization of macrophages in brain lesions after drug intervention. This work provides a new tool for dynamically monitoring the disease‐associated immune microenvironment and evaluating the efficacy of immune‐therapeutics in vivo.
The serum lipidomics reveal the action mechanism of Danggui–Yimucao herbal pair in abortion mice
Authors: Bai Feng‐Yun , Bi Shi‐Jie , Yue Shi‐Jun , Xu Ding‐Qiao , Fu Rui‐Jia , Sun Ying , Sun Xiao‐Hu , Tang Yu‐Ping 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMedical abortion is a common medical procedure that women choose to terminate an unwanted pregnancy, but it often brings post‐abortion complications. Danggui (Angelica sinensis Radix)–Yimucao (Leonuri Herba), as a herbal pair (DY) in clinical prescriptions of traditional Chinese medicine, is often used in the treatment of gynecological diseases and has the traditional functions of tonifying the blood, promoting blood circulation, removing blood stasis and regulating menstruation. In this study, serum lipidomics were adopted to dissect the mechanism of DY in promoting recovery after medical abortion. A total of 152 differential metabolites were screened by lipidomics. All metabolites were imported into MetaboAnalyst for analysis, and finally key metabolic pathways such as glycerophospholipid metabolism, linoleic acid metabolism and pentose and glucuronate interconversions were enriched. Our results indicated that metabolic disorders in abortion mice were alleviated by DY through glycerophospholipid metabolism, while prostaglandin and leukotriene metabolites might be the key targets of DY to promote post‐abortion recovery.
Ironies of proximity: Intergroup threat and contact avoidance on neighbourhood interface areas
Authors: Dixon John , Tredoux Colin , Durrheim Kevin , Kerr Philippa , Gijbertsen Brice 
Published: August 2023

AbstractResearch on the dynamics of neighbourhood desegregation and diversity has identified a paradox. On the one hand, such processes may engender positive intergroup contact experiences, improving intergroup attitudes and relations. On the other hand, they may have the opposite effect, exacerbating negative intergroup relations and generating new forms of avoidance and exclusion. The present research explored one aspect of this paradox. Building on a field survey conducted with Indian residents (n = 364) of a suburb of Pietermaritzburg, South Africa, we demonstrate how their relative proximity to areas occupied by ‘incoming’ Black African residents has shaped their perceptions of intergroup threat and associated reactions such as contact avoidance, boundary fortification and support for policies resisting desegregation. At the same time, we demonstrate how such effects are moderated by residents' wider experiences of positive interracial contact. In conclusion, we emphasize the need to better integrate psychological work on the contact hypothesis with work in companion disciplines such as urban studies and human geography. Please refer to the Supplementary Material section to find this article's Community and Social Impact Statement.
Multifunctional Roles of Clathrate Hydrate Nanoreactors for CO2 Reduction
Authors: Huang Haibei , Xue Lijuan , Bu Yuxiang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this study, we explore a possible platform for the CO2 reduction (CO2R) in one of water's solid phases, namely clathrate hydrates (CHs), by ab initio molecular dynamics and well‐tempered metadynamics simulations with periodic boundary conditions. We found that the stacked H2O nanocages in CHs help to initialize CO2R by increasing the electron‐binding ability of CO2. The substantial CO2R processes are further influenced by the hydrogen bond networks in CHs. The first intermediate CO2− in this process can be stabilized through cage structure reorganization into the H‐bonded [CO2−⋅⋅⋅H−OHcage] complex. Further cooperative structural dynamics enables the complex to convert into a vital transient [CO22−⋅⋅⋅H−OHcage] intermediate in a low‐barrier disproportionation‐like process. Such a highly reactive intermediate spontaneously triggers subsequent double proton transfer along its tethering H‐bonds, finally converting it into HCOOH. These hydrogen‐bonded nanoreactors feature multiple functions in facilitating CO2R such as confining, tethering, H‐bond catalyzing and proton pumping. Our findings have a general interest and extend the knowledge of CO2R into porous aqueous systems.
Identification of herbarium specimen sheet components from high‐resolution images using deep learning
Authors: Thompson Karen M. , Turnbull Robert , Fitzgerald Emily , Birch Joanne L. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAdvanced computer vision techniques hold the potential to mobilise vast quantities of biodiversity data by facilitating the rapid extraction of text‐ and trait‐based data from herbarium specimen digital images, and to increase the efficiency and accuracy of downstream data capture during digitisation. This investigation developed an object detection model using YOLOv5 and digitised collection images from the University of Melbourne Herbarium (MELU). The MELU‐trained ‘sheet‐component’ model—trained on 3371 annotated images, validated on 1000 annotated images, run using ‘large’ model type, at 640 pixels, for 200 epochs—successfully identified most of the 11 component types of the digital specimen images, with an overall model precision measure of 0.983, recall of 0.969 and moving average precision (mAP0.5–0.95) of 0.847. Specifically, ‘institutional’ and ‘annotation’ labels were predicted with mAP0.5–0.95 of 0.970 and 0.878 respectively. It was found that annotating at least 2000 images was required to train an adequate model, likely due to the heterogeneity of specimen sheets. The full model was then applied to selected specimens from nine global herbaria (Biodiversity Data Journal, 7, 2019), quantifying its generalisability: for example, the ‘institutional label’ was identified with mAP0.5–0.95 of between 0.68 and 0.89 across the various herbaria. Further detailed study demonstrated that starting with the MELU‐model weights and retraining for as few as 50 epochs on 30 additional annotated images was sufficient to enable the prediction of a previously unseen component. As many herbaria are resource‐constrained, the MELU‐trained ‘sheet‐component’ model weights are made available and application encouraged.
Response and resilience of karst subterranean estuary communities to precipitation impacts
Authors: Calderón Gutiérrez Fernando , Iliffe Thomas M. , Borda Elizabeth , Yáñez Mendoza Germán , Labonté Jessica 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe impact of meteorological phenomena on ecosystem communities of karst subterranean estuaries (KSEs) remains unknown. KSEs are characterized by vertically stratified groundwater separated by a halocline and host endemic aquatic cave‐adapted fauna (stygobionts). In October 2015, 8 days of heavy precipitation caused the first recorded mortality event in the KSE. This event was marked by a halocline shift 5 m deeper. The present study aimed to provide insights into resilience of KSEs faunal communities to temporal shifts in temperature and precipitation. Cave water temperature decreased on average 0.0068°C per mm of accumulated precipitation over 4 days, which can add up to, and surpass, the interannual temperature variation in cases of heavy precipitations. Biological surveys (2012–2021) conducted within cave systems El Aerolito and La Quebrada, in Cozumel, indicated that change in community structure was not detected and stygobionts were resilient; however, marine species inhabiting the caves were impacted. Overall, the faunal community at KSEs remains resilient within short‐term meteorological phenomena despite shifts of non‐stygobionts.
Effects of understory characteristics on browsing patterns of roe deer in central European mountain forests
Authors: Schwegmann Sebastian , Mörsdorf Martin , Bhardwaj Manisha , Storch Ilse 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSelective browsing by deer on young trees may impede the management goal of increasing forest resilience against climate change and other disturbances. Deer population density is often considered the main driver of browsing impacts on young trees, however, a range of other variables such as food availability also affect this relationship. In this study, we use browsing survey data from 135 research plots to explore patterns of roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) browsing pressure on woody plants in mountainous forests in central Europe. We fitted species‐specific generalised linear mixed models for eight woody taxa, assessing the potential effects of understory characteristics, roe deer abundance and lying deadwood on browsing intensity. Our study reveals conspecific and associational effects for woody taxa that are intermediately browsed by roe deer. Selective browsing pressure was mediated by preferences of plants, in that, browsing of strongly preferred woody taxa as for example mountain ash (Sorbus aucuparia) and of least preferred woody taxa, for example Norway spruce (Picea abies) was not affected by the surrounding understory vegetation, while browsing pressure on intermediately browsed species like for example silver fir (Abies alba) was affected by understory characteristics. Contrary to our expectations, roe deer abundance was only positively associated with browsing pressure on silver fir and bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus), while all other plants were unaffected by deer abundance. Finally, we did not find an influence of lying deadwood volume on the browsing pressure on any woody‐plant species. Overall, our results indicate that patterns in browsing preference and intensity are species‐specific processes and are partly affected by the surrounding understory vegetation. Current management strategies that aim to reduce browsing pressure through culling may be inefficient as they do not address other drivers of browsing pressure. However, managers also need to consider the characteristics of the local understory vegetation in addition to deer abundance and design species‐specific plans to reduce browsing on woody plant taxa.
Drivers of suspended sediment dynamics along the shorelines of the Yellow River Delta detected from satellite data
Authors: Jin Song , Fagherazzi Sergio , Fichot Cedric G. , Wu Xiao , Liu Yan Xia , Zheng Xiangyang , Zou Tao , Xing Qianguo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTotal suspended solids (TSS) can be a useful indicator of environmental change in nearshore coastal environments. Understanding the mechanisms of TSS variations in response to environmental drivers is of broad interest for ecology and geomorphology. The Yellow River Delta (YRD) in China is a fragile coastal region that has been affected by human activities and climate change. Here, we investigated TSS along the YRD shoreline over two decades with time‐series satellite data (2002–2020). We observed that TSS concentration decreased significantly in nearshore waters (5‐m isobath) surrounding the YRD, especially in the LaiZhou Bay. During the same time period, wave height (WH) along the deltaic shoreline and sediment load from the Yellow River have decreased, while sea surface height (SSH) has displayed a positive trend. Our results indicate that WH and SSH play a major role in sediment resuspension and dispersion, while the YSD mildly affected TSS variability along the coast. Monthly bed shear stress triggered by waves was then computed using WH, wave period (WP), and SSH. Bed shear stress and TSS displayed a positive correlation. We concluded that seasonal oscillations in SSH in conjunction with wind waves are responsible for TSS variability in the shallow waters in front of the YRD.
IoT‐based energy efficient and longer lifetime compression approach for healthcare applications
Authors: Dewan Ritu , Ahmad Sharik , Rana Arun Kumar , Nagpal Tapsi , Kumar Vinish , Singh Ngangbam Herojit , Kumar V. D. Ambeth , Kumar Awnish 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA wireless body area networks (WBANs) is made up of tiny representations of the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT), which may be executed in the body or worn externally. Today, Internet of Things (IoT) has made it feasible to evaluate healthcare. The IoMT sends the patient's condition to the health center through the Internet rather than keeping them in the hospital all the time for therapy. IoT offers wireless connectivity between virtually anything and smart devices on one side. Data must be transferred to a doctor or other practitioner within the allotted time since this network works with medical and critical circumstances; this shows that routing is the most important problem. Routing is therefore viewed as a very significant difficulty in WBANs. The simulation findings show that, for the WBAN under consideration, the IoT‐based stable increased‐throughput multi‐hop protocol for link efficiency protocol has better throughput, end‐to‐end delay, and propagation delay compared to adaptive threshold‐based thermal‐aware energy‐efficient multi‐hop protocol. Higher packet delivery to the sink is a result of longer stability periods, which is very desirable for ongoing patient monitoring during the COVID‐19 pandemic. This research also identifies potential paths for the development of WBANs of the next generation and suggests ways to boost the selected communication systems' productivity in WBAN solutions for health monitoring.
Stunting and wasting in neurological Wilson disease: Role of copper, zinc, and insulin‐like growth factor‐I
Authors: Kumar Vijay , Kalita Jayantee , Misra Usha Kant , Parashar Vasudev 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectivesCopper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) are important trace elements for the growth and development of children. In Wilson disease (WD), impaired Cu metabolism may affect growth. This study was conducted to evaluate the height and weight of children with neurological WD and correlate these with serum Cu, Zn, and insulin‐like growth factor‐I (IGF‐I).MethodsThis prospective cohort study was conducted in a tertiary care teaching institute. Children with neurologic WD were included. The height, weight, and body‐mass index of each child were measured and categorized according to the revised national growth chart. Serum Cu, Zn, calcium, alkaline phosphatase, albumin, thyroid‐stimulating hormone, and urinary‐Cu were measured. Serum IGF‐1 was measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. The relationship between height and weight with trace elements and IGF was analyzed using parametric or non‐parametric tests.ResultsThere were 52 children (5–18 years) with neurologic WD. Thirty‐six (69.2%) children had normal height, 12 (23.1%) were tall, and 4 (7.7%) were stunted. Forty‐six (88.5%) children had normal weight and six (11.5%) children were underweight. IGF‐1 correlated with height, weight, duration of treatment, and serum Zn level. About 15.4% of children had stunting and/or wasting, which was associated with low levels of serum IGF‐I, Zn, and calcium.ConclusionsStunting and/or wasting occurs in 15.4% of children with neurologic WD and is associated with reduced serum IGF‐I, Zn, and calcium concentration. Adjunctive Zn and calcium treatment may help in achieving normal growth.
Identifying potential anti‐metastasis drugs for prostate cancer through integrative bioinformatics analysis and compound library screening
Authors: Li Zhi Wei , Yu Jiang Fan , Han Feng , Peng Jingxuan , Lu Yanxu , Ding Ke 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundMetastasis poses the greatest threat to the lives of individuals with prostate cancer. Therefore, it is imperative to identify the underlying mechanism driving metastasis. Doing so would facilitate the detection of new diagnostic biomarkers and the advancement of treatment options for patients.MethodsMetastasis‐related modules were identified through weighted gene co‐expression network analysis based on microarray GSE6919. Hub genes were confirmed by quantitative real‐time PCR across different prostate cell lines and clinic samples. Pivotal genes were determined through integration of RNA and transcription factor‐target associated interactions. To predict drugs with potential to suppress tumor metastasis, we applied molecular networks using the DrugBank database. Drug repositioning analysis and confirmation of drug screen were conducted using the compound library. Confirmation of selective cytotoxicity of cupric oxide was carried out via invasion, transwell and apoptosis assays.ResultsWe identified five metastasis‐related modules. Of these modules, two were identified to represent core dysfunction modules in which five hub genes were determined for each module. Five of these 10 genes correlating with prostate cancer progression. Furthermore, our analysis revealed that there are 36 drugs with the potential to be active against tumor metastasis. Finally, we identified four compounds that have not previously been reported to have any association with cancer therapy. Of these, cupric oxide was determined to have the best chemotherapeutic potential in treating prostate cancer metastasis.ConclusionsBy combining bioinformatics methods with compound library screening, this study proposes a valuable approach to drug discovery. Cupric oxide showed the potential in the treatment of prostate cancer metastasis and deserves further study.