bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Snow avalanche‐induced disturbances can resurrect extinct zooplankton and alter paleolimnological records
Authors: Granados Ignacio , Toro Manuel , Montes Carlos , Camacho Antonio 
Published: January 2025

AbstractWe present a detailed observational study of the effects of the impulse wave caused by a snow‐avalanche on an alpine lake (Lake Peñalara, Sierra de Guadarrama, Spain). The avalanche broke the lake's ice cover (> 50 cm thick) and caused the lake to overflow. The impulse wave altered the lake water column stratification and physicochemical properties (dissolved oxygen, conductivity) in the short (hours) and mid‐term (days and weeks). It also caused the mobilization of hundreds of cubic meters of sediment, changing the lake morphometry. The sediment reconfiguration is likely the cause of the observed increased sedimentation rate and changes in the zooplankton density and composition in the following 4 yr after the avalanche, including the resurrection of a cladoceran species (Daphnia pulicaria) that had disappeared from the lake decades ago. Events such as the one we present can have significant paleolimnological implications: in this case, 75 cm of the sediment sequence were lost. Given these results, we propose that past avalanches could be the explanation to the almost complete removal of sediment from the deepest part of the lake around 260 yr cal BCE.
Spatially Asymmetric Optical Propagation and All‐Optical Switching Based on Spatial Self‐Phase Modulation of Semimetal MoP Microparticles
Authors: Weng Danyi , Ling Cheng , Gao Yang , Rui Guanghao , Fan Li , Cui Qiannan , Xu Chunxiang , Gu Bing 
Published: January 2025

AbstractMolybdenum phosphide (MoP) has excellent catalytic activity in hydrogen evolution reactions, but research on its nonlinear optical properties is just beginning. In this work, the spatial self‐phase modulation (SSPM) phenomena of semimetal MoP spherical microparticles are investigated, their applications in spatially asymmetric optical propagation and all‐optical switching are developed. The effective nonlinear refractive index n2 of MoP microparticles and the ring formation time τF of SSPM are measured to be about 10−5 cm2 W−1 and 0.4 s, respectively. The SSPM experimental results after the sample placed for over two months indicate that MoP microparticles have long‐term stability and resistance to photodegradation. The physical origin of the interaction between light and MoP microparticles to form SSPM is dominated by laser‐induced hole coherence and a small amount of thermal effect. By utilizing the superior optical nonlinearity of MoP microparticles, the spatially asymmetric optical propagation of MoP/violet phosphorus (VP) cascaded samples and the all‐optical switching performance of MoP microparticles are demonstrated, respectively. These results deepen the understanding of the optical nonlinear mechanism of hole micromaterials and are beneficial for the development of SSPM based on topological semimetal micro/nano‐materials in passive nonlinear photonic devices, such as all‐optical diodes, optical isolators, optical logic gates, etc.
The Dark Side of Social Media Influencers: A Research Agenda for Analysing Deceptive Practices and Regulatory Challenges
Authors: Ekinci Yuksel , Dam Shubhankar , Buckle Georgia 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTSocial media influencers are powerful agents as they broadcast information, steer consumer behavior and social norms. But their influence masks a “dark side,” too. Our research agenda investigates this understudied theme. What happens when social media influencers behave badly? Does the negative influence adversely impact marketing strategies and consumer behavior? We explore a range of areas, including influencers' authenticity, ethics, and their psychological and social impact on followers. Employing interdisciplinary approaches, our research presents the complexities and harms of influencer culture. Organized around six key themes—Harmful Products, Misinformation, Unrealistic Beauty Standards, Comparison Culture, Deceptive Consumption, and Privacy Concerns— the findings provide a comprehensive analysis of the negative impacts of social media influencers in marketing contexts. Additionally, the study proposes six theoretical propositions and presents 35 research questions to guide future investigations.
Multiple Resonators Coupling Effect in Waveguide Loss Measurement Using the Fabry–Perot Method
Authors: Shen Heliang , Huang Fei , She Xuan , Chen Kan , Chen Meng , Fan Wen , Bi Ran , Wang Lei , Shu Xiaowu 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe traditional Fabry–Perot (FP) method is widely used to measure propagation loss, which is a critical parameter in characterizing the performance of optical waveguides. This work probes the significant influence coming from the multiple resonators coupling (MRC) effect on the performance of the FP method. This letter presents a theoretical analysis and simulation of the MRC effect that are in good agreement with experimental results. This letter verifies that the MRC effect will introduce a varying envelope to the transmission spectrum, stating its challenge to the operational bandwidth and reliability of the FP method. In addition, this letter experimentally demonstrates an effective route to suppress the MRC effect by optimizing the reflectivity of the fiber end‐facets, which verifies the scalability of our theoretical model and has strong practical application value.
The JAK1/3 Inhibitor Tofacitinib Regulates Th Cell Profiles and Humoral Immune Responses in Myasthenia Gravis
Authors: Bi Zhuajin , Zhang Qing , Gao Huajie , Ge Huizhen , Zhan Jiayang , Yang Mengge , Bu Bitao 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIntroduction/AimsTofacitinib, a first‐generation Janus kinase (JAK) 1/3 inhibitor, is commonly used for treating ulcerative colitis and rheumatoid arthritis. However, its role in myasthenia gravis (MG) remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the immunomodulatory effects of tofacitinib on experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis (EAMG) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with MG.MethodsFlow cytometry, enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR), and Western blot were used to evaluate the effects of tofacitinib on T helper (Th) cell profiles, humoral immune responses, and the JAK‐signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathway proteins.ResultsIn vivo, tofacitinib significantly ameliorated EAMG severity in rats, reducing the proportions of Th1, Th17 and memory B cells, and anti‐acetylcholine receptor (AChR) antibodies levels, while increasing the proportions of regulatory T (Treg) cells. In vitro, tofacitinib administration resulted in a significant decrease in the proportions of Th1 and IgG‐secreting B cell, and a significant upregulation of Treg cells in mononuclear cells (MNCs) from EAMG rats, which was consistent with findings in PBMCs from MG patients. Further analysis revealed that tofacitinib inhibited CD4+ T cell differentiation into Th1 by decreasing phosphorylated STAT1 levels, while promoting Treg differentiation via increased phosphorylated STAT5 levels in MNCs from EAMG rats.DiscussionTofacitinib modulates Th cell profiles and humoral immune responses by targeting the JAK–STAT pathway, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic candidate for MG. Further clinical studies are warranted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of tofacitinib in MG patients.
Determinants of Enforced Return: A Quantitative Analysis of the Spectrum of (In)voluntariness Among Rejected Asylum Seekers in the Netherlands
Authors: Sinnige Michael , Cleton Laura , Leerkes Arjen 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn recent decades, scholars documented the rise of enforced return in the Global North and scrutinised the vast infrastructure, international diplomacy and in‐country measures that set out to boost these. One such way is by promoting so‐called ‘Assisted Voluntary Returns’: programs in which rejected asylum seekers allegedly have ample opportunity to decide on and effectuate return themselves. This article builds upon scholarly critiques of such programs and aims to destabilise the purported binary between ‘voluntary’ and ‘forced’ return. By comparing predictors for ‘voluntary’ return and forced removal outcomes, we provide empirical evidence for the existence of a ‘spectrum of (in)voluntariness’. Centring our empirical analysis on the Netherlands, we use a unique multilevel dataset with data from various governmental agencies and other sources. Our findings indicate a significant overlap in the policy and non‐policy determinants for both ‘voluntary’ return and forced removal outcomes. Intergovernmental policy determinants only partially explain forced removal outcomes, whereas age, family composition and the situation in migrants' countries of citizenship are of major importance. These findings, therefore, have significant implications for both academic research into enforced return outcomes and for public policy.
Harnessing Nanomaterials for Next‐Generation DNA Methylation Biosensors
Authors: Zou Anlai , Zhu Xiaoxue , Fu Ruijie , Wang Zexiang , Wang Yidan , Ruan Zhi , Xianyu Yunlei , Zhang Jun 
Published: January 2025

AbstractDNA methylation is an epigenetic mechanism that regulates gene expression and is implicated in diseases such as cancer and atherosclerosis. However, traditional clinical methods for detecting DNA methylation often lack sensitivity and specificity, making early diagnosis challenging. Nanomaterials offer a solution with their unique properties, enabling highly sensitive photochemical and electrochemical detection techniques. These advanced methods enhance the accuracy and efficiency of identifying DNA methylation patterns, providing a powerful tool for early diagnosis and treatment of methylation‐related diseases. This review summarizes nanomaterial‐based techniques, categorized into electrochemical and photochemical methods for developing next‐generation biosensors for DNA methylation. Electrochemical approaches based on nanostructured or nanomaterial‐modified electrodes can detect methylation through electrical signals and can directly identify methylation sites via ionic current changes based on nanopore sequencing. Photochemical methods based on nanoparticles allow for optical detection through colorimetry, fluorescence, surface plasmon resonance, and Raman spectroscopy. Nanotechnology‐implemented methodologies enable ultrasensitive and selective biosensors as point‐of‐care platforms for DNA methylation analysis, thereby advancing epigenetic research and clinical diagnostics.
Insights Into the Reproduction and Maturity of the Spinetail Devil Ray (Mobula mobular)
Authors: Kiyatake Itsuki , Ito Konomi , Yoshii Yusuke , Miyagawa Yoshimi , Kitadani Yoshikazu , Nishida Kiyonori 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTLittle is known about the reproductive biology of the endangered spinetail devil ray (Mobula mobular). Here, we describe the reproductive behavior, estimates of age, size at maturity, embryonic development in the uterine cavity, and the morphology of a neonate produced by a male and female ray kept in Osaka Aquarium KAIYUKAN for 7.5 years. The reproductive behaviors observed included initiation, endurance, evasion, pre‐copulation positioning, copulation, and separation. The disc widths (DW) of male and female rays displaying reproductive behaviors were 203 and 204 cm, respectively. The male was estimated to be 7.7 years old after elongation of claspers, while the female was estimated to be 8.9 years old at first mating. A neonate was born 464 days after successful copulation, weighing 11.32 kg, with a DW of 104 cm. These observations are consistent with those of previous studies conducted on wild individuals. This is one of the few reports on the reproductive behavior of spinetail devil ray. Research conducted on this species in captivity is expected to help fill the knowledge gaps for this poorly studied species.
Social inequalities in youth mental health in Canada, 2007–2022: a population-based repeated cross-sectional study
Authors: McKinnon Britt , Jahan Rabina , Mazza Julia 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose
Rising concern surrounds youth mental health in Canada, with growing disparities between females and males. However, less is known about recent trends by other sociodemographic factors, including sexual orientation, ethnocultural background, and socioeconomic status.

Methods
This study analyzed data from 96 683 youths aged 15–24 who participated in the nationally representative Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) between 2007 and 2022. Trends in absolute and relative inequalities in poor/fair self-rated mental health (SRMH) by sex, sexual orientation, racialized and Indigenous identity, and socioeconomic conditions were assessed.

Results
The percent of youths reporting poor/fair SRMH quadrupled from 4.3% in 2007-08 to 20.1% in 2021-22. During the same period, absolute inequalities in SRMH increased by 9.9% points (95% CI: 6.6, 12.9) for females compared to males, 11.4% points (95% CI: 4.6, 18.2) for Indigenous versus non-racialized youth, and 15.4% points (95% CI: 5.7, 25.1) for youth (aged 18–24) identifying as lesbian, gay, or bisexual (LGB) compared to heterosexual.

Conclusion
The sustained deterioration in youth SRMH over the past decade and a half has been accompanied by widening inequalities across several dimensions important for health equity in Canada. Action is needed to identify and implement effective programs and policies to support youth mental health and address disparities.
Huge extrahepatic gallstone on percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage tip—a pediatric case report
Authors: Odenthal Anna-Maria , Meyer Carsten , Born Mark , Heimbrodt Martin , Luetkens Julian , Dohna Martha 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Biliary strictures, which are common in the first year after pediatric liver transplantation, are diagnosed and managed with percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography. In children undergoing percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography, early cholangitis is the most common complication while typical catheter-related complications are obstruction, dislodgement, kinking, or fracture. This case report discusses the unique presentation and management of a 5-year-old girl with an incidental percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage-associated extrahepatic gallstone formation following treatment of biliary stricture after pediatric liver transplantation. It was effectively treated with percutaneous transhepatic lithotripsy. Although this is a rare but potentially harmful complication, in case of resistance at drainage removal, a drainage-tip stone should be excluded by ultrasound or fluoroscopy.
Maternal microchimeric cell trafficking and its biological consequences depend on the onset of inflammation at the feto-maternal interface
Authors: Slaats Emiel , Bramreiter Bernadette , Chua Kristine J. , Quilang Rachel C. , Sallinger Katja , Eikmans Michael , Kroneis Thomas 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Microchimerism is defined as the presence of a small population of genetically distinct cells within a host that is derived from another individual. Throughout pregnancy, maternal and fetal cells are known to traffic across the feto-maternal interface and result in maternal and fetal microchimerism, respectively. However, the routes of cell transfer, the molecular signaling as well as the timing in which trafficking takes place are still not completely understood. Recently, the presence of inflammation at the feto-maternal interface has been linked with maternal microchimeric cells modulating organ development in the fetus. Here, we review the current literature and suggest that inflammatory processes at the feto-maternal interface tissues are a physiological prerequisite for the establishment of microchimerism. We further propose a spatio-temporal corridor of microchimeric cell migration to potentially explain some biological effects of microchimerism. Additionally, we elaborate on the possible consequences of a shift in this spatio-temporal corridor, potentially responsible for the development of pathologies in the neonate.
Tofersen for SOD1 amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Hamad Abdullah Ashraf , Alkhawaldeh Ibraheem M. , Nashwan Abdulqadir J. , Meshref Mostafa , Imam Yahia 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objective
Tofersen, an antisense oligonucleotide, has recently received FDA and EMA approval for treating amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in adults with SOD1 gene mutations. This systematic review and meta-analysis synthesized evidence on tofersen’s safety and efficacy in patients with SOD1-related ALS.

Methods
A comprehensive search of three databases was conducted from inception through October 2024. Eligible studies included clinical trials, observational studies, and case studies. Meta-analyses were conducted using a random-effects model in RevMan.

Results
Twelve studies involving 195 patients treated with tofersen met the inclusion criteria, comprising two randomized controlled trials (RCTs), five cohort studies, one case series, and four case reports. Tofersen demonstrated promising effects, notably reducing SOD1 levels in cerebrospinal fluid and neurofilament light chain (NfL) in plasma, a biomarker strongly correlated with ALS progression and survival. Meta-analysis of RCTs showed a significantly lower rate of decline in ALS Functional Rating Scale-Revised (ALSFRS-R) scores from baseline in the tofersen group compared to placebo (SMD = 0.44, 95% CI [0.05 to 0.83], P = 0.03) and a significant reduction in the decline of predicted Slow Vital Capacity (P = 0.005). In a pre-post meta-analysis of five studies, a significant decrease in ALS progression rate (ALSFRS-R decline rate) was observed (MD = -0.28, 95% CI [-0.40 to -0.15], P < 0.0001). Reported adverse events were consistent with ALS progression or procedural effects.

Conclusion
Current evidence suggests that tofersen effectively reduces SOD1 and NfL levels and slow disease progression in SOD1 ALS, showing promise as a targeted therapeutic option.
Time-domain analysis of mode competition in ZnO nanowire lasers in inhomogeneous environments
Authors: Repp Daniel , Barreda Angela , Vitale Francesco , Staude Isabelle , Peschel Ulf , Ronning Carsten , Pertsch Thomas 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanowire lasers are increasingly integrated into complex optoelectronic devices as a source of coherent radiation. To enable the rational design of these devices, it is crucial to understand how both the nanowire resonator and its surrounding environment influence mode competition and the three-dimensional structure of lasing modes. Additionally, realistic models of the lasing process must account for transient gain dynamics. In order to investigate the impact of an inhomogeneous environment, composed of various materials and structures, on mode competition, we conducted Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) simulations of the dominant lasing modes in different ZnO nanowire laser configurations. Our model describes how key parameters such as nanowire diameter, length, and substrate choice affect the field distribution in the lasing regime. We show that metallic substrates support lasing in thin nanowires in two distinct coupling regimes. Furthermore, we show that metallic particles attached to the nanowire end facets as a result of established nanowire growth techniques significantly influence lasing threshold, field distribution and competition between counter-propagating modes. We show that attaching an aluminum particle at the end facet of a ZnO nanowire leads to a threshold reduction, a switching of the dominant lasing mode and a mono-directional power flow inside a large segment of the nanowire.
Personalized Medicine Through Semisolid-Extrusion Based 3D Printing: Dual-Drug Loaded Gummies for Enhanced Patient Compliance
Authors: Holkunde Aditi , Karnik Indrajeet , Uttreja Prateek , Narala Nagarjuna , Wang Honghe , Elkanayati Rasha M. , Vemula Sateesh Kumar , Repka Michael A. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose
The purpose of this research was to develop and characterize dual-drug Isoniazid-Pyridoxine gummies using Semisolid Extrusion (SSE) 3D printing technology, aimed at personalized dosing for a broad patient demographic, from pediatric to geriatric. This study leverages SSE 3D printing, an innovative approach in personalized medicine, to enable precise dose customization and improve patient adherence. By formulating dual drug-loaded gummies, the research addresses the challenges of pill burden and poor palatability associated with traditional tuberculosis regimens, ultimately enhancing the therapeutic experience and effectiveness for patients across various age groups.

Methods
Gummies were formulated using varying ratios of gelatin, carrageenan, and xylitol, and printed using the BIO X 3D printer. Rheological properties were evaluated to confirm printability, shear-thinning behavior, and viscosity recovery. In vitro drug release and stability were assessed under refrigerated (5 ± 3°C) and ambient (25 ± 2°C) storage conditions. FT-IR spectroscopy was used to examine drug-excipient interactions.

Results
The optimized F3 formulation, containing 900 mg Isoniazid and 30 mg Pyridoxine, demonstrated successful printability and structural integrity. Over 80% of both drugs were released within 30 min. Rheological testing confirmed ideal shear-thinning and viscoelastic properties for extrusion-based printing. Suitable textural properties for pediatric patient compliance were observed. Stability studies showed that both drug content and release profiles remained consistent for 30 days under refrigerated storage.

Conclusions
This study determines the potential of SSE 3D printing in fabricating personalized Isoniazid-Pyridoxine-loaded gummies, offering a novel, patient-friendly dosage form for tuberculosis treatment. The optimized formulation exhibited excellent printability, stability, and rapid drug release, positioning 3D-printed gummies as a promising alternative to conventional oral dosage forms in enhancing patient adherence.

Graphical abstract
CO2-oxidative Dehydrogenation of Light Alkanes Catalyzed by Cr Catalysts Supported on Different Mesoporous Silica Structures
Authors: Lara-Moreno L. , Sánchez-López P. , Pawelec B. , Navarro Yerga R. M. , Gomez S. A. , Moyado S. Fuentes , Zepeda T. A. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Herein, a series of highly porous and well-structured mesoporous materials are presented as supports for chromium catalysts for the mild oxidative dehydrogenation of propane using CO2 as the oxidizing agent. The materials MCM-41, SBA-1, and SBA-15 were proposed as supports for the preparation of Cr-based catalysts with a Cr content of 6 wt%. These results highlight that mesostructured supports influence chromium species’ dispersion and electronic state in the catalysts. Among the catalysts tested, the Cr/SBA-1 catalyst demonstrated superior propane conversion and propylene selectivity. The results suggest that the Cr6+ species fraction significantly influences the conversion and selectivity during oxidative dehydrogenation of propane by CO2. As the Cr6+ species fraction increases, a linear increase in conversion was observed for both propane and CO2. Furthermore, an increase in the Cr6+ species fraction leads to an increased selectivity towards propylene formation while it reduces the selectivity for CO and cracking products. This indicates that Cr6+ species favor olefin formation over undesired by-products.