bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Subchondral lucencies of the medial femoral condyle in yearling and 2‐year‐old Thoroughbred sales horses: Prevalence, progression and associations with racing performance
Authors: Peat Frances J. , Kawcak Christopher E. , McIlwraith C. Wayne , Keenan David P. , Berk Jeffrey T. , Mork Daniel S. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundSubchondral lucencies (SCLs) in the distal aspect of the medial femoral condyle (MFC) of young Thoroughbred horses are a source of controversy on presale radiographs. There is limited scientific evidence regarding the risk of progression and impact on future racing performance.ObjectivesTo (1) identify the prevalence of MFC SCLs on sales repository radiographs in yearling and 2‐year‐old Thoroughbreds; (2) identify any association between grade of MFC SCL and future racing performance and (3) monitor changes in MFC SCL grades between yearling and 2‐year‐old sales.Study designProspective cohort study.MethodsRadiographs were obtained with consignor permission from a 2016 yearling sale and five 2017 2‐year‐old sales. Stifle radiographs were evaluated and MFC SCLs graded on a scale of 0–3. Axial MFC lucencies were recorded separately. Maximum MFC grades per horse were analysed for associations with racing performance outcomes, adjusted for sex, to the end of the horses' 4‐year‐old racing year. Analysis was via logistic, negative binomial or linear regression as appropriate, with the threshold for significance set at α = 0.05.ResultsRadiographs from 2508 yearlings (5016 stifles) and 436 2‐year‐olds (872 stifles) were included in the study. MFC SCLs of grades 1–3 were observed in 242 (9.65%) yearlings and 49 (11.2%) 2‐year‐olds. Bilateral MFC SCLs of grades 1–3 were observed in 54 (2.2%) yearlings and 12 (2.8%) 2‐year‐olds. Grade 1 MFC SCLs in yearlings either remained unchanged (14/31), progressed to a grade 2 (6/31) or resolved (11/31) by the 2‐year‐old sale. Grade 2 MFC SCLs in yearlings remained unchanged (6/10), progressed to a grade 3 (2/10) or improved to a grade 1 (2/10). Yearlings with a grade 3 MFC SCL had a 78% probability of starting a race (95% confidence interval [CI] 58.2–89.6%), compared with an 84% probability of racing for grade 0 yearlings (95% CI 82.7–85.8%). Six of the seven yearlings with axial MFC lucencies raced.Main limitationsThis study may underestimate the prevalence of severe lesions in the general yearling population of U.S. Thoroughbreds. However, the convenience sample used is representative of the population of interest at sales. The study design could not address exclusions prior to sale.ConclusionsGrade 1 MFC SCLs are the most common type seen in yearling and 2‐year‐old sales horses. The majority of yearling grade 1 MFC SCLs resolved or remained static by 2‐year‐old sales. It was also possible for grade 2 and 3 MFC SCLs to improve one grade between sales. Fewer sales yearlings with a grade 3 MFC SCL raced, but in those that did race there was no evidence of worse performance compared to unaffected peers. Axial MFC lucencies did not affect racing performance.
Abnormal mare behaviour is rarely associated with changes in hormonal markers of granulosa cell tumours: A retrospective study
Authors: Huggins Lauren , Norris Jamie , Conley Alan , Dini Pouya 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundAbnormal or undesired mare behaviours are often assumed to be associated with ovarian abnormalities.ObjectivesWe aimed to determine the incidence of abnormal behaviours and their association with concentrations of one or more ovarian hormones associated with a granulosa cell tumour (GCT).Study designRetrospective descriptive.MethodsA total of 2914 hormonal profile samples submitted with the words behave, behaviour, or behaving in the submission history were analysed. The association between reported abnormal behaviours and concentrations of testosterone, anti‐Müllerian hormone (AMH), inhibins and inhibin‐B were assessed. Statistical analysis was performed using a Chi‐squared test of association.ResultsOf the 2914 cases that were submitted due to behaviour issues, 2506 (86%) did not have any of the measured hormones reach GCT‐like concentrations. The remaining 408 cases had either one (63%), two (25.5%), or three (11.5%) hormones with concentrations consistent with those from confirmed GCT cases. Testosterone had the lowest percent of GCT‐like values among the cases (7.7%), compared with AMH (9.4%), inhibins (9.6%) and inhibin B (8.7%). Stallion‐like behaviour was significantly associated with increased concentrations of all four hormones. In contrast, aggression, oestrous and other abnormal behaviours were significantly less likely to be associated with increased concentrations of the hormones.Main limitationsRetrospective study, using sample submission history.ConclusionOverall, the abnormal behaviours among mares, except the stallion‐like behaviour, were not associated with increased ovarian hormones. These results highlight the common misassumption about the involvement of the ovaries in ‘abnormal behaviours’ or ‘undesirable behaviours’ of mares.
Child‐oriented family therapy in China: A cross‐cultural application of integrative family therapy targeting children aged 4–10
Authors: Hu Ruoshi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis article describes child‐oriented family therapy (COF), a family therapy approach to early psychological and behavioral problems that is widely applied in northern Europe and has been adopted by countries with different cultures, such as Germany and China. This article explains the theoretical background, setting, characteristics, development and effective factors of this method and explores relevant research. In addition, the application of this method in China and reflections on its applicability to families in different cultures are presented. A clinical case is provided to illustrate the core therapeutic principles of COF. Since the application of COF interventions to families with children in Asian cultures remains understudied, the widespread availability of COF and adaptation to local conditions could facilitate training and research achievements in this field.
Structural insights into the ligand binding domain of GluD1 and GluD2 receptors
Authors: Tricoire Ludovic , Hepp Régine 
Published: June 2023

GluD1 and GluD2 subunits (also known as delta 1 and 2) are the members of the delta family of ionotropic glutamate receptors. They are particularly puzzling, since they are unable to bind glutamate, but rather bind glycine and d‐serine via their classical ligand binding domain (LBD). While GluD2 has been the subject of intensive research over the past decades, it is only recently that GluD1 received similar interest and very few studies compare the properties of these two membrane proteins. In their research article included in this issue, Masternak et al. resolved the 3D structure of the GluD1 LBD, compared its d‐serine sensitivity with that of GluD2 and identified critical residues involved in the dynamics of the LBD.
Slow Mohs micrographic surgery for nail apparatus melanoma in situ
Authors: Zhang Shu , Wang Yuanzhuo , Fang Kai , Jia Qiannan , Zhang Hanlin , Qu Tao 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundNail apparatus melanoma is a malignant tumor with a high incidence in Chinese melanoma patients. Slow Mohs micrographic surgery is an emerging technique for treating nail apparatus melanoma in situ (NAMIS).ObjectiveThis study evaluated the efficacy and safety of slow Mohs micrographic surgery for treating NAMIS.MethodsPatients were enrolled in this retrospective study and treated in a single center from October 1, 2016, to June 30, 2022. Each patient underwent standard slow Mohs micrographic surgery, and follow‐up was regularly conducted at clinics.ResultsTen patients were enrolled in the study. Two patients underwent one Mohs stage, seven underwent two Mohs stages, and one underwent seven Mohs stages. The resection margin ranged from 5 to 25 mm. No severe complications were reported in the treatment, and recurrence of NAMIS was not observed during the follow‐up period.ConclusionSlow Mohs micrographic surgery is a valuable surgical method to treat NAMIS that preserves digit function and can be well tolerated by patients.
Linking the willingness of smallholder dairy farmers to adopt minimum food safety and quality standards to the country's export potential
Authors: Arshad Muhammad Waqar , Moazzam Muhammad , Raziq Muhammad Mustafa , Ahmed Waqas 
Published: June 2023

SummaryFood safety is a crucial aspect of human well‐being, covered under the second sustainable development goal (SDG). Sustainable food supply chains must ensure compliance with food safety standards from farm to fork. Consumers in developed countries are becoming ever more demanding regarding ‘producers’ compliance with food safety and quality standards. Most food products ending up in high‐end markets come from developing countries, predominantly agricultural economies characterised by fragmented and smallholder farmers. Owing to enhanced agricultural exports, developing countries are struggling to implement or improve food safety standards. This study examines the link between the willingness of smallholder dairy farmers to adopt minimum food safety standards and the country's ability to export agri‐food products. Moreover, it investigates the role of farmer's supply chain learning and level of value addition in this relationship. A cross‐section of 260 smallholder dairy farmers was surveyed from four districts of the Punjab province in Pakistan through purposive sampling. The data were collected using a questionnaire using a 5‐point Likert scale to gauge ‘farmers’ responses. The data were analysed using structural equation modelling (SEM) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). We found significant mediation of supply chain learning and value addition between compliance with minimum food safety standards and the country's export potential. This study contributes to the body of knowledge on food safety by testing its relationship with a country's export potential and the factors affecting this relationship. Moreover, it provides food for thought for policymakers in food safety.
Effect of extrusion processing and simulated human digestion on the allergenicity of bambara groundnut protein
Authors: Astuti Rizki Maryam , Palupi Nurheni Sri , Suhartono Maggy Thenawidjaja , Lioe Hanifah Nuryani , Kusumaningtyas Eni , Subekti Didik Tulus 
Published: June 2023

SummaryExtrusion has been reported as a method for reducing protein allergenicity. This study aimed to investigate the effect of extrusion on proteins contained in bambara groundnut flour on the allergenicity of the nut. Allergenicity could also be assessed after human digestion using simulated enzyme digestion. Bambara groundnut flour was extruded and followed by pepsin and pancreatin digestion. SDS‐PAGE, immunoblotting and ELISA were performed to reveal the protein profiles before and after extrusion and to locate the proteins with their IgE binding properties. Two bands following SDS‐PAGE at a similar range of molecular weight (11 and 13 kDa) were identified with the IgE binding in 4 of 10 human sera after the raw bambara groundnut flour was digested by the digestion enzymes. On the contrary, none of the protein bands was observed in its extruded flour, with or without simulated digestion treatment. ELISA analysis showed that the extrusion could decrease allergenicity by approximately 60%. After digestion, the allergenicity reduction of the extruded flour could reach 100%. Therefore, extrusion is a promising food processing method to reduce the allergenicity of bambara groundnut protein.
Enrichment of a local sourdough bread with zinc and selenium through the use of biofortified whole wheat flour
Authors: Karaduman Yaşar , Özer Sıla Seda , Akın Arzu 
Published: June 2023

SummaryIn this study, obtaining sourdough bread enriched in zinc (Zn) and selenium (Se) with biofortified whole wheat flour (BWWF) was investigated. Sourdough bread flour was blended with BWWF in the ratios of 25:75, 50:50 and 75:25. The Zn and Se contents varied from 12.06 to 43.06 mg/kg and from 80.73 to 267.58 μg/kg in the substituted flours (SFs), respectively. Gluten‐quality‐related technological and rheological properties of SFs were also determined. The BWWF negatively affected those parameters, and GlutoPeak torque before maximum and peak maximum time, alveograph energy and extensibility, sedimentation volume, gluten index and lactic acid solvent retention capacity values decreased substantially to 21.0 GPU, 27.5 s, 85.67 10−4 × J, 18.0 mm, 33.33 mL, 81.98% and 78.72%, respectively. The Zn contents of the SFs bread varied between 10.48 and 43.88 mg/kg, and the Se contents were found between 55.7 and 224.3 μg/kg. At 75% replacement, the recommended daily allowance (RDA) was obtained at 33.3% and 36.0% for selenium in adults, respectively, while it was 27.1% for zinc and 25.6% for selenium at the 50% substitution level. With the increase in substitution rates, the volumes of the SFs breads decreased from 337.5 to 516.3 mL, their organoleptic properties deteriorated, and the hardness of the breads increased from 507.5 to 3633.1 g. In the study, the whiteness index (WI) value was higher in the A yeast combination breads. The sensory properties of pore structure, taste and chewiness of the 25% substitution SFs bread were close to those of the control. Compared with control bread, all SFs bread had statistically higher (P < 0.01) ash, protein, total phenolic contents and antioxidant activity (ranging from 1.893% to 2.495%, 8.22% to 11.60%, 75.85 to 117.74 mg GAE/100 g and 8.84 to 13.34 inhibition%, respectively).
Cell‐free DNA for detection of clonal B cells in diffuse large B cell lymphoma by sequencing
Authors: Højlund Elisabeth Luna , Cédile Oriane , Larsen Thomas Stauffer , Vimalathas Gayaththri , Møller Michael Boe , Hansen Marcus Høy , Nyvold Charlotte Guldborg 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroductionDiffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common lymphoma in the western world. It is highly heterogeneous with a variable clinical course, but curable with chemo‐immunotherapy in up to 70% of all cases. The lymphoma presents in lymph nodes and/or extranodal lymphoid tissue, and the diagnosis is based on invasive procedures for histopathologic evaluation.MethodsIn this technical study, we evaluated cell‐free DNA (cfDNA) from blood plasma to detect clonal B cells in patients with DLBCL using rearranged immunoglobulin heavy chain gene as targets by next‐generation sequencing. Clonal B cell sequences and frequencies were determined from blood plasma cfDNA and cellular DNA from matched excised lymphoma tissues and mononuclear cells isolated from diagnostic bone marrow and blood samples from 15 patients.ResultsWe showed that identical clonal rearrangements could be detected in blood plasma and excised lymphoma tissue and that plasma cfDNA was superior in detecting clonal rearrangements compared to blood or bone marrow‐derived cellular DNA.ConclusionThese findings consolidate the role of blood plasma as a reliable and easily accessible source for detecting neoplastic cells in DLBCL.
Molecular findings in myeloid neoplasms
Authors: Tran Tho B. , Siddon Alexa J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe proliferation of new molecular technologies in recent years has greatly advanced our knowledge of the genetics that underlie hematologic cancers. Particularly, with the advent and wide‐implementation of next‐generation sequencing (NGS), a host of somatic (and some germline) gene mutations have been identified as significant in the classification, prognostication, and treatment of the spectrum of myeloid neoplasms. These driver and disease modifier mutations now play a prominent role in the updated international diagnostic guidelines of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), myelodysplastic syndromes/neoplasms (MDS), and myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN). As high‐throughput technologies such as NGS increasingly become standard in the genetic evaluation of myeloid disorders, it is critical that clinicians understand the clinical relevance of these mutations in order to further personalize patient care. In this review we discuss some of the most essential somatic and cytogenetic findings.
Traduttore, traditore? Gains and losses from the translation of the economies of worth
Authors: Grattarola Alfredo , Gond Jean‐Pascal , Haefliger Stefan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe economies of worth, a theory of moral cognition and coordination by sociologist Luc Boltanski and economist Laurent Thévenot, are increasingly used in organization and management studies. We critically review a broad selection of this literature to assess what has been gained from the interdisciplinary translations of the original theory. We identify in the literature multiple patterns that contribute from different angles to a consistent set of concepts for research at the intersection of organizations, socio‐technological change, and morality. We also indicate theoretical and methodological developments that would further enrich these gains.
¿Son efectivos los tratados internacionales solo para los Estados ratificantes? Influencia de los convenios de la OIT sobre la protección de la maternidad en el mundo
Authors: SON Keonhi 
Published: June 2023

ResumenFrente a la expectativa de que los Estados ratificantes son los únicos que cumplen los convenios internacionales, en este artículo se defiende la tesis de que los Estados no ratificantes, para aumentar su legitimidad, adecuan sus normas a los convenios de la OIT. Mediante una nueva base de datos históricos, se analiza la evolución de las disposiciones sobre la licencia de maternidad en 160 países de 1883 a 2018 a la luz de la adopción por la Conferencia Internacional del Trabajo de los convenios sobre la protección de la maternidad. Los resultados empíricos confirman que, poco después, tanto los Estados ratificantes como los no ratificantes mejoraron sus políticas conexas.
Género, situación familiar y características de salud. Análisis de las desigualdades en el sistema chileno de pensiones
Authors: PARADA‐CONTZEN Marcela 
Published: June 2023

ResumenEl objeto de este estudio es medir el impacto de los acontecimientos del ciclo vital sobre el ahorro acumulado para la jubilación en un sistema de previsión social con cuentas individuales de ahorro obligatorias. Se presenta un conjunto de ecuaciones correlacionadas que incorporan el comportamiento laboral, las decisiones de cartera y ahorro, las preferencias de riesgo y las características familiares y de salud, utilizando datos de un experimento chileno emblemático. Los resultados indican que una mujer situada en el centro de la distribución de la riqueza, casada y con dos hijos, que sufre un problema de salud en los diez últimos años de su vida laboral, acumula menos riqueza que una persona homóloga con un buen historial de salud.
Information sharing and political polarisation on social media: The role of falsehood and partisanship
Authors: Weismueller Jason , Gruner Richard L. , Harrigan Paul , Coussement Kristof , Wang Shasha 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe explore if misinformation from political elites (i.e., members of the US Congress) and extreme partisan information from media outlets generate greater engagement than accurate information and non‐extreme partisan information. We also investigate how exposure to these information types leads to negative emotions (e.g., anger) in individuals and its association with attitude polarisation. To this end, we analysed fact‐checked tweets from political elites, tweets from media outlets and replies to those tweets. Together, these tweets received more than 100 000 replies and were shared more than two million times. We also conducted two online experiments. Our field studies reveal that misinformation and extreme partisan information are associated with higher levels of negative emotions and greater engagement than accurate information and non‐extreme partisan information. Our data also show that—while negative emotions in response to extreme partisan information are higher among social media users at the ideological extreme than those at the ideological centre—there is no difference in the two groups' level of negative emotions in response to misinformation. The online experiments demonstrate that exposure to misinformation and extreme partisan information elicits stronger negative emotions than exposure to accurate information and non‐extreme partisan information. These negative emotions, in turn, contribute to attitude polarisation. Our work makes practical and theoretical contributions concerning social media information sharing, negativity and political polarisation. We also provide future research avenues with associated research questions.
Moisture sorption isotherms of reduced‐sugar confectionery coatings elaborated with stevia: Mathematical modeling and thermodynamic analysis
Authors: Meza Bárbara E. , Peralta Juan Manuel 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis work was focused on the study of the adsorption phenomena in reduced‐sugar confectionery coatings elaborated with a high‐intensity sweetener (stevia) as a sucrose substitute. Formulations with different sucrose/stevia contents were elaborated and dried by casting method (60°C for 24 h). Films with dispersed/continuous phase ratios () ranging from 5 (60% sugar) to 2 (0% sugar) were obtained and stored at different temperatures () (5, 25, and 40°C) and water activities (0.206–0.963). Equilibrium moisture contents () were determined by a gravimetric method (drying at 70°C for 6 h and 0.01 atm). The experimental data and phenomena (net isosteric heat and entropy of adsorption) were successfully described through the theoretically‐based generalized D'Arcy and Watt model. An antithetical temperature effect on was observed between 25 and 40°C. Two crossover points were found and affected by and . Novel and industrially‐useful information on reduced‐sugar confectionery coatings was obtained.Practical ApplicationThe sorption of water vapor by foods has received much attention because it is important for evaluating quality changes during storage and for modeling industrial processes. The development of new reduced‐sugar and free‐sugar products is increasing, due to consumers awareness of their well‐being and health. This work presents original research on the mathematical description of the sorption process of reduced‐sugar confectionery coatings elaborated with stevia (a high‐intensity natural sweetener). Four levels of sucrose replacement by stevia and a wide range of storage temperatures (5–40°C) and water activities (0.206–0.963) were analyzed. The information obtained in this work could be useful for researchers and technicians to estimate and control the moisture adsorption performance of sweetened coatings elaborated with traditional (sucrose) and alternative (natural sweeteners) ingredients in practical situations, such as storage and processing.