bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Machine learning and datamining methods for hybrid IoT intrusion detection
Authors: Rachid Ait Moulay , Ghazi Abdellatif El 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
By 2025 Internet of things will reach over 75 billion devices which would exceed number of humans about 8.1 billion. These devices need to be secured from many threats by implementing secure and interoperable solutions in order to guarantee a proper functioning of the infrastructures and systems using the IoT. This is why we proposed a hybrid intrusion detection system installed on the cloud powering another online and real time intrusion detection system on the fog to monitor the communication and detect attacks before it spreads over the network as in the case of Mirai botnet. We will provide details of the different algorithms used to implement this distributed system so as to detect attacks against IoT devices.
The role of aggressive organic molecules in a diesel toward the decomposition of the ion-exchanged zeolite Y adsorbent
Authors: Rostami Siroos , Pour Ali Nakhaei , Mohammadi Ali 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The zeolite Y adsorbent has considered a high-potential adsorbent to adsorb contaminant organic materials. The zeolite Y capacity has been promoted by Ni atoms via the ion exchange process. Then, the modified zeolite Y was characterized by X-Ray diffraction (XRD), and X-Ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy. The stability of modified zeolite Y in model diesel has been investigated in the presence of some sulfur-containing materials (1,2 ethane dithiol, 1-butane thiol, 1-octane thiol, and cyclohexane thiol). The results showed that the 1-butane thiol molecule is the most destructive among all selected molecules. The results show that 1-butane thiol can remove a large part of the Ni atom from the zeolite structure and reduce the capacity of modified zeolite Y. The decomposition of the zeolite Y lattice structure is due to the attack of aggressive organic molecules, for example, 1-butane thiol, to the Ni atom on the zeolite Y structure. Some factors have evaluated an effective in the destruction of zeolite Y structure such as a functional group polarity and size of organic molecule, the polarity of model diesel, and steric hindrance.
A Density Functional Theory Study on Aurantinidin
Authors: Garcìa-Bugarín Mercedes , Peña-Gallego Ángeles , Mosquera Ricardo A. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
A complete conformational analysis on the isolated and PCM modeled aqueous solution cation, neutral, and anion forms of aurantinidin, comprising the diverse tautomers of the latter forms, was carried out at the B3LYP/6-31++G(d,p) level. The most stable conformer of isolated cationic and neutral forms of aurantinidin are completely planar, whereas ring B and 3OH are significantly twisted with regard to the AC system in the anion. In contrast, PCM calculations show that the plane of the B ring is slightly rotated with regard to the AC bicycle even in the most stable conformers of the cation and quinonoidal form. The most stable conformers of the cation, both in gas phase and aqueous solution, display anti and syn orientations for hydroxyls at 3 and 5 positions, whereas syn and anti orientation of hydroxyls at 7 and 4’ positions are nearly isoenergetic. The most stable tautomer of neutral aurantinidin is obtained by deprotonating hydroxyl at C5 in gas phase, but at C7 in water solution, according to PCM. Also the most stable tautomer of the anion is different in gas phase (hydrogens are abstracted from hydroxyls at C5 and C4') and PCM calculations for water solution (C3 and C5). Tautomeric equilibria affect substantially the geometries of the AC-B backbone providing bond length variations that basically agree with the predictions of the resonance model. Intramolecular hydrogen bond between O3 and H6' is not present in the most stable anions. Ionization potentials and O-H bond dissociation energies are consistent with an important antioxidant activity.
Knowledge Graph-aware Deep Interest Extraction Network on Sequential Recommendation
Authors: Wang Zhenhai , Xu Yuhao , Wang Zhiru , Fan Rong , Guo Yunlong , Li Weimin 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Sequential recommendation is the mainstream approach in the field of click-through-rate (CTR) prediction for modeling users' behavior. This behavior implies the change of the user's interest, and the goal of sequential recommendation is to capture this dynamic change. However, existing studies have focused on designing complex dedicated networks to capture user interests from user behavior sequences, while neglecting the use of auxiliary information. Recently, knowledge graph (KG) has gradually attracted the attention of researchers as a structured auxiliary information. Items and their attributes in the recommendation, can be mapped to knowledge triples in the KG. Therefore, the introduction of KG to recommendation can help us obtain more expressive item representations. Since KG can be considered a special type of graph, it is possible to use the graph neural network (GNN) to propagate the rich information contained in the KG into the item representation. Based on this idea, this paper proposes a recommendation method that uses KG as auxiliary information. The method first propagates the knowledge information in the KG using GNN to obtain a knowledge-rich item representation. Then the temporal features in the item sequence are extracted using a transformer for CTR prediction, namely the Knowledge Graph-aware Deep Interest Extraction network (KGDIE). To evaluate the performance of this model, we conducted extensive experiments on two real datasets with different scenarios. The results showed that the KGDIE method could outperform several state-of-the-art baselines.
Comparative Analysis of Dimensionality Reduction Techniques for Cybersecurity in the SWaT Dataset
Authors: Bozdal Mehmet , Ileri Kadir , Ozhakraman Ali 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The Internet of Things (IoT) has revolutionized the functionality and efficiency of distributed cyber-physical systems, such as city-wide water treatment systems. However, with increased connectivity comes the risk of cybersecurity threats. In this research, we propose an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) for securing the Secure Water Treatment (SWaT) dataset using a 1D Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model enhanced with a Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU). The proposed method outperforms existing methods by achieving 99.68% accuracy and F1 score of 0.9869. The paper also explores dimensionality reduction methods, including Autoencoders, Generalized Eigenvalue Decomposition (GED), and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The research findings highlight the importance of balancing dimensionality reduction with the need for accurate intrusion detection. It is found that PCA provided better performance compared to the other techniques, as reducing the input dimension by 90.2% resulted in only a 2.8% and 2.6% decrease in the accuracy and F1 score, respectively.
Epidemiology of confirmed measles virus cases, surveillance, incidence, and associated factors in Eritrea: 18-year retrospective analysis
Authors: Mengistu Samuel Tekle , Achila Oliver Okocht , Tewelde Asmerom Tesfagiorgis , Hamida Mohammed Elfatih , Tekle Freweini , Michae Issaias , Said Mensura , Fsahatsion Dawit , Abai Haimanot , Mulugeta Rahel , TsigehanaTsegai  , Woldu Luwam Gilazghi , Werke Wintana Yebio 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background Understanding the incidence of laboratory-confirmed measles virus (MV) cases, related factors, and spatial inequalities in testing and surveillance is crucial to proving evidence-based decisions in measles prevention and control programs. In this analysis, our aim was to evaluate these factors in Eritrea.Methods Reviewed and analyzed a disease surveillance database from 2002 to 2020, used descriptive statistics and logistic regression, and calculated spatial variability and distribution of confirmed cases using ArcGIS Pro version 3.0.1 with a significance level of 5%.Results The median age (IQR) was 7 years (4–14 years) and the minimum-maximum age was 1 month – 97 years. In total, 9,111 suspected cases, 2,767 (1,431 (51.7%) females vs 1,336 (48.3%) males) were serologically tested. Among the 608 (21.9%) laboratory-confirmed cases, 534 (87.8%) were unvaccinated and 53 (9.92%) were < 1 year old. The crude incidence rate (CIR) for MV was 14/100,000 persons. The age-specific positivity rate per 100,000 suspected cases tested was 21.5 with individuals > 30 years presenting the highest rates, 69.9/100,000. The probability of test positivity was associated with an increasing age at the beginning of the rash (5–9 years: OR = 0.7, 95%CI: 0.5–0.9, p value = 0.02) (10–14 years: OR = 1.6, 95%CI: 1.1–2.2, p value = 0.005) (15–29 years: OR = 7, 95%CI: 5.3–9.2, p-value < 0.001) ( > = 30: OR = 16.7, 95%CI: 11.7–24, p-value < 0.001); Address (Anseba: OR = 2.3, 95%CI: 1.7–3.1, p-value < 0.001) (Debub: OR = 2.7, 95%CI: 1.9–3.9, p-value < 0.001) (Gash-Barka: OR = 15.4, 95%CI: 10.9–21.7, p-value < 0.001) (Northern Red Sea: OR = 11.8, 95%CI: 8.5–16.2, p-value < 0.001) (Southern Red Sea: OR = 14.4, 95% CI: 8.2–25.2, p-value < 0.001); Health facility (Health centre: OR = 2.5, 95%CI: 1.9–3.4, p-value < 0.001) (Hospital: OR = 6.8, 95%CI: 5.1–9.1, p-value < 0.001); Vaccination status (Unvaccinated: OR = 14.7, 95%CI: 11.4–19.1, p-value < 0.001); and year of onset of rash (2015: OR = 1.4, 95% CI: 1.1–1.7, p-value < 0.001). Interestingly, uptake of the measles vaccine (MCV) coverage was associated with a similar complement of factors.Conclusion The study concludes that efforts to eliminate measles in Eritrea are hindered by disparities in vaccine coverage and surveillance, and low vaccination rates in neighboring countries. The paper suggests that regional microplanning could be an effective strategy to improve surveillance and management in hard-to-reach regions.
Pyrolysis of Different Biomass Wastes for the Production of Biochar: Evaluation of Yield and Physiochemical Characteristics
Authors: Chacharr Farooque Ahmed , Laghari Mahmood 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Today, one of the biggest issues facing the globe is climate change due to carbon emissions. However, if biomass can be converted into biochar through the pyrolysis process and stored in the ground, it will reduce carbon emissions from the atmosphere and allow carbon to be sequestered from the environment. It could be a sustainable solution to global challenges such as climate change, waste management, and soil improvement. This experiment was conducted for the preparation of biochar from different waste biomass, i.e., cow dung, poultry manure, municipal sewage sludge, and waste wood pieces, which were pyrolyzed in a slow pyrolysis reactor. The waste material was collected, then sun- and oven-dried before being placed in the reactor using an aluminum box. Afterwards, different biomass samples were subjected to slow pyrolysis at 600°C for one hour under limited oxygen conditions. After one hour, the reactor was opened, and the biochar was taken out of it and stored in airtight sample bags for testing. Results showed that different yields of biochar were obtained with different types of biomass materials. Municipal sewage sludge produced the highest biochar yield (66.23%), and Russian waste wood produced the lowest biochar yield (23.34%). The basic properties of the biochar, such as pH, EC, WHC, and ash content, also varied with the type of biomass used. Different biochars were alkaline in nature, with a maximum water holding capacity of 9.6 g/g in Aak (Calotropis gigantea) wood biochar. The biochars were also rich in some plant nutrients, with maximum N and P contents of 2.6% and 3.51 %, respectively, in poultry manure biochar.
Influence of physiological variables and psychosocial factors on the onset of Menarche in schoolgirls of Pakistan
Authors: Tarar Hamna Mukhtar , Jameel Khadija , Shahzad Abeer , Hameed Shibrah 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Purpose
To determine the impact of physical and psychosocial factors on the age of menarche in girls from different socioeconomic backgrounds in Karachi, Pakistan.
Methodology
A cross-sectional study was carried out on female students aged 11 to 16 years from four different schools in urban and rural areas of Karachi district, Pakistan in 2022. Subjects who had not yet menstruated were excluded. Bilingual questionnaires were used in the study to record the responses. Height and weight were measured using calibrated instruments. The population sample size was 307, with a 95% confidence level. The Kuppuswamy scale was used for socioeconomic status (SES) measurement.
Results
The mean age of menarche was found to be 11.9 ± 1.1 years. The study showed a significant correlation between age at menarche and height (p = 0.000), weight (p = 0.001), BMI (p = 0.009), physical activity (p = 0.007), female siblings (p = 0.082), psychological effect of lockdown (p = 0.035), father’s occupation (p = 0.002) and abusive home environment (p = 0.015). Diet, co-education, relation with father, total number of siblings, paternal presence or absence and socioeconomic status showed insignificant correlation with age at menarche. Various factors, particularly emotional abuse, can have far-reaching effects on the growth and development of female adolescents.
Conclusion
The results support the significant influence of height, weight, BMI, physical activity, father’s occupation, and abusive home environment on age at menarche.
Coating the surface of Interconnected Cu2O Nanowire Arrays with HKUST-1 Nanocrystals via Electrochemical Oxidation
Authors: Caddeo Francesco , Himmelstein Florian , Mahmoudi Behzad , Araújo-Cordero Ana María , Eberhart Denis , Zhang Haojie , Lindenberg Titus , Hähnel Angelika , Hagendorf Christian , Maijenburg A. Wouter 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Controlling the crystallization of Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) at the nanoscale is currently challenging, and this hinders their utilization for multiple applications including photo(electro)chemistry and sensors. In this work, we show a synthetic protocol that enables the preparation of highly homogeneous Cu2O@MOF nanowires standing on a conductive support with extensive control over the crystallization of the MOF nanoparticles at the surface of the Cu2O nanowires. Cu2O nanowires were first prepared via templated electrodeposition, and then partially converted into the well-known Cu-MOF HKUST-1 by pulsed electrochemical oxidation. We show that the use of PVP as a capping agent during the electrochemical oxidation of Cu2O into HKUST-1 provides control over the growth of the MOF nanocrystals on the surface of the Cu2O nanowires, and that the size of the MOF crystals obtained can be tuned by changing the concentration of PVP dissolved in the electrolyte. In addition, we propose the use of benzoic acid as an alternative to achieve control over the size of the obtained MOF nanocrystals when the use of a capping agent should be avoided.
Environmental genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Authors: Gonçalves-Brito Andressa S. , Magaldi Mariana , Farias Beatriz Oliveira , Nascimento Ana Paula Alves , Flores Claudia , Montenegro Kaylanne S. , Lopes-Carvalho Maiara , Gimenez Aline , Costa Vinícius Souza Carvalho , Assunção Vinícius Carneiro , Quidorne Camila Silva , Bianco Kayo , Clementino Maysa M. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Wastewater-based epidemiology can be a complementary approach for monitoring SARS-CoV-2 prevalence, diversity, and geographic distribution. It is a complementary approach regarding its prevalence and diversity, and geographic distribution. The study aimed to evaluate the genetic diversity of SARS-CoV-2 in two wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Samples were collected over a period of January to December 2021 and were concentrated with PEG8000 and the presence of SARS-CoV-2 was detected using E and N1 genes. Partial sequencing of the SARS-CoV-2 genomes resulted in the identification of variants of concern and variants of interest throughout the collection period. It was possible to identify the Mu, Delta, Gamma and Omicron variants in WWTP1; on the contrary, no variants were observed in WWTP2. To the best of our knowledge, we detected the variant Mu (B.1.621) containing characteristic mutations (S:E484K, S:N501Y) from WWTP, for the first time, in Brazil. Another Mu variant detected from clinical surveillance was announced one month after our finding. The detection of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater can serve as a tool to monitor the prevalence and epidemiology in each community, helping to understand the spread of the virus among the population.
A novel assessment framework for evaluation of the current implementation level of water and wastewater management practices
Authors: Kiliç Selami , Firat Mahmut , Yilmaz Salih , Ateş Abdullah 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

A sustainable urban water cycle is critical in terms of effective water network management, efficient use of water resources, protection of the environment and human health, and reuse of treated water. The objective of this study is to develop a novel assessment framework that evaluates the data quality of components and current implementation levels of wastewater management (WWM) practices, calculates performance indicators according to the data quality of the components, and proposes the most appropriate improvement methods according to the current status of the components. This assessment framework consists of five matrices, namely the current situation analysis and management system (CSAS), data matrix (DATA), performance assessment system (PAAS), target definition system (TARGET), and method matrix (TOOL). The current situation is analyzed with a total of 231 components under 11 main headings covering WWM practices. The assessment framework was tested in pilot utilities and the results were discussed. It is observed that the scores of utility I were generally better than those of utilities II and III. The novelty of this assessment framework is to evaluate the current situation of WWM practices with a unique scoring system, to define the weaknesses and strengths in WWM, and to present a roadmap for improvement according to the current situation.
Silent Coronary Artery Disease in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis in Kurdistan, Iraq: A cross-sectional study
Authors: M Mohammad Ameen , Mohammed Malavan , T Rasul Mohammed , Salih Sgery Azri 
Published: May 2023

Objectives: This study attempts to determine the silent coronary artery disease (CAD) in a sample of Iraqi Kurdish patients diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
Methods: A total of 50 such patients from Duhok, Kurdistan region of Iraq, underwent multi slices computed tomography (MSCT) coronary angiography 64 slices to determine coronary artery calcium (CAC) scores and coronary stenoses.
Results: 62% of cases had a (CAC) score > zero on non-contrast MSCT scans. Coronary angiograms showed that 26 (52%) of the cases had variable coronary artery stenosis; 17(34%) of them were obstructive (>50% luminal narrowing). The study demonstrated that Inflammatory markers (rheumatoid factor, Anti- cyclic citrullinated peptides, and some cardiovascular risk factors, namely (hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus) were significantly related to the presence of CAD in these patients.
Conclusions: Patients with rheumatoid arthritis are at increased risk of CAD. This risk is higher in the presence of inflammatory and cardiovascular risk factors.
Eksploitasi Alam dalam Novel Si Anak Pemberani Karya Tere Liye: Kajian Ekokritik
Authors: Putri Stevanny Yosicha , Adji Susilawati Endah Peni , Taum Yoseph Yapi 
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini membahas tentang eksploitasi alam yang terdapat di dalam novel Si Anak Pemberani karya Tere Liye. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah, (1) mendeskripsikan faktor penyebab perilaku eksploitasi alam, (2) mendeskripsikan dampak eksploitasi alam, dan (3) mendeskripsikan perlawanan para tokoh terhadap tindakan eksploitasi alam. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori ekokritik yang terdiri dari dua model kajian, yaitu model kajian etika lingkungan dan model kajian sastra apokaliptik. Model kajian etika lingkungan digunakan untuk menganalisis faktor penyebab serta dampak dari eksploitasi alam dan model kajian sastra apokaliptik untuk menganalisis perlawanan beberapa tokoh terhadap eksploitasi alam dalam novel Si Anak Pemberani karya Tere Liye. Hasil analisis penelitian ini diklasifikasikan menjadi tiga, sebagai berikut. (1) Terdapat dua faktor utama penyebab eksploitasi alam dalam novel ini yaitu ekonomi dan kekuasaan. Faktor tersebut telah melanggar enam prinsip moral terhadap kearifan lingkungan. (2) Dampak eksploitasi alam yang terdapat dalam novel ini adalah pencemaran dan kerusakan ekosistem alam, terganggunya mata pencaharian penduduk, dan adanya penindasan secara mental serta fisik. (3) Terdapat perlawanan para tokoh terhadap tindakan eksploitasi alam
Considerații privind im(posibilitatea) executării silite a bunurilor afectate direct și exclusiv cultului
Authors: Mircioiu Șerban 
Published: May 2023

Prezentul articol urmărește să prezinte modalitatea în care are loc executarea silită a bunurilor cu detinația de obiect de cult.
Potrivit art. 27 alin 2 al Legii 489/2006 bunurile sacre, respectiv cele afectate direct și exclusiv cultului, stabilite conform statutelor proprii în conformitate cu tradiția și practicile fiecărui cult, dobândite cu titlu, sunt insesizabile și imprescriptibile și pot fi înstrăinate doar în condițiile statutare specifice fiecărui cult.
Suntem de părere că ar trebui făcută o distincție între modalitatea de executare silită indirectă sub forma urmăririi mobiliare - sechestrarea și vânzarea la licitație publică a bunurilor mobile și urmărirea imobiliară - vânzarea la licitație publică și adjudecarea imobilelor și modalitatea de executare silită directă - sub forma predării silite a bunurilor mobile și predării silite a bunurilor imobile.
În cazul modalității de executare silită indirectă, a bunurilor sacre, acestea fiind insesizabile, nu pot face obiectul executării silite.
În cazul modalității de executare silită directă, prin predarea silită a bunurilor mobile și predarea silită a bunurilor imobile, a bunurilor sacre, apreciem că acestea nu sunt insesizabile și pot face obiectul executării silite directe, în ipoteza în care au fost confiscate în mod abuziv de stat în perioada 1940-1989, sau în cazul în care au fost preluate fără titlu.