bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genomic alterations of oligodendrogliomas at distant recurrence
Authors: Liu Guanzheng , Bu Chaojie , Guo Guangzhong , Zhang Zhiyue , Sheng Zhiyuan , Deng Kaiyuan , Wu Shuang , Xu Sensen , Bu Yage , Gao Yushuai , Wang Meiyun , Liu Gang , Kong Lingfei , Li Tianxiao , Li Ming , Bu Xingyao 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundOligodendroglioma is known for its relatively better prognosis and responsiveness to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. However, little is known about the evolution of genetic changes as oligodendroglioma progresses.MethodsIn this study, we evaluated gene evolution invivo during tumor progression based on deep whole‐genome sequencing data (ctDNA). We analyzed longitudinal genomic data from six patients during tumor evolution, of which five patients developed distant recurrence.ResultsWhole‐exome sequencing demonstrated that the rate of shared mutations between the primary and recurrent samples was relatively low. In two cases, even well‐known major driver mutations in CIC and FUBP1 that were detected in primary tumors were not detected in the relapse samples. Among these cases, two patients had a conversion from the IDH mutation in the originating state to the IDH1 wild state during the process of gene evolution under chemotherapy treatment, indicating that the cell phenotype and genetic characteristics of oligodendroglioma may change during tumor evolution. Two patients received long‐term temozolomide (TMZ) treatment before the operation, and we found that recurrence tumors harbored mutations in the PI3K/AKT and Sonic hedgehog (SHh) signaling pathways. Hypermutation occurred with mutations in MMR genes in one patient, contributing to the rapid progression of the tumor.ConclusionOligodendroglioma displayed great spatial and temporal heterogeneity during tumor evolution. The PI3K/AKT and SHh signaling pathways may play an important role in promoting treatment resistance and distant relapse during oligodendroglioma evolution. In addition, there was a tendency to increase the degree of tumor malignancy during evolution. Distant recurrence may be a later event duringoligodendroglioma progression. ClinicalTrials.gov, Identifier: NCT05512325.
When coupled with anti‐egalitarianism, colour evasion predicts protection of the status quo during a university‐wide movement for racial justice
Authors: Hoyt Crystal L. , Lundberg Kristjen B. , Lauber Mckennah , Wallace Helen , Marston Anna 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMovements for racial justice on college campuses can have wide‐ranging implications for promoting justice and well‐being. In this research, we sought to better understand how the dominant ideology of colour evasion might serve to protect the inequitable status quo. Believing that ‘people should not see race anymore’ can have different implications for efforts to reduce racial inequities depending on how this belief system is construed. Although one perspective can promote efforts to reduce inequitable outcomes between groups, through another lens this colour‐evasive ideology can serve to strengthen existing inequalities. We examined whether adhering to colour evasion might be associated with protecting the status quo on a college campus for those students who endorse hierarchy among social groups. We tested these predictions during a large, university‐wide movement for racial justice. In a cross‐sectional study of students (N = 255), we found that, for relatively anti‐egalitarian, but not egalitarian, students, the more they endorsed colour evasion, the less they supported the Black Student Coalition's demands, the less social justice action they took, the less effective they deemed the demonstrations, the less satisfied they were with student leaders and the more they thought the demonstrations were promoting intergroup conflict. This work makes contributions to the social dominance theory and colour evasion literatures and student activism scholarship generally, as well as to applied work endeavouring to promote efforts to reduce racial inequities.
Tumble windmill grass (Chloris verticillata Nutt.) control with POST herbicides
Authors: Dhanda Sachin , Kumar Vipan , Sharma Akhilesh , Liu Rui 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTumble windmill grass (Chloris verticillata Nutt.) is a problematic perennial grass weed in the semiarid Central Great Plains (CGP). Greenhouse and fallow field experiments were conducted during 2021 and 2022 at Kansas State University Agricultural Research Center near Hays, KS, to determine the effectiveness of various POST herbicides for tumble windmill grass control. All selected POST herbicides were applied at field‐recommended rates at the seedling growth stage (3‐to 4‐inches tall) of tumble windmill grass in greenhouse study. Tumble windmill grass was at the heading growth stage (10‐to‐12‐inches tall) in fallow fields when POST herbicides were tested. Results from greenhouse study indicated that quizalofop‐P‐ethyl (QPE) and clethodim provided ≥ 95% control and shoot biomass reduction of tumble windmill grass at 28 days after treatment. Glyphosate provided 89% control and 93% shoot biomass reduction of tumble windmill grass. Imazamox and nicosulfuron had the least control (41 to 51%) and shoot biomass reduction (43 to 66%) of tumble windmill grass in greenhouse study. In contrast, all tested POST herbicides were comparatively less effective on tumble windmill grass (≤68% control and ≤ 50% shoot biomass reduction) except glyphosate (85% control and 54% shoot biomass reduction) in field study. These results conclude that clethodim, QPE, and glyphosate applied at early growth stages can provide effective control of tumble windmill grass in the CGP region.
An Iron Macrocyclic Complex Containing Four “Hybrid” Pyridinium Amidate/Amidate N‐Donors as a Catalyst for Oxidations with Hydrogen Peroxide
Authors: Pfister Tim , Söhnel Tilo , Collins Terrence J. , Wright L. James 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe macrocyclic proligand [H4L][OTf]2, which contains four carboxamide functions and two conjugated pyridinium groups, is easily deprotonated by the weak base sodium acetate to give the corresponding neutral proligand [H2L]. Metallation of [H2L] with iron(II) chloride proceeds rapidly to form the macrocyclic complex, [FeIIICl(L)]. This is an effective catalyst for the oxidation of the organic dye orange II by hydrogen peroxide in aqueous solution, and the kinetic parameters for this reaction have been determined. In striking contrast to an analogous iron‐TAML complex that contains two phenyl groups in place of the two pyridinium groups, [FeIIICl(L)] is a very active oxidation catalyst at pH 7 and is also highly stable towards acid‐promoted demetallation at pH 5 or above. The results show that the two pyridinium groups bring greatly enhanced catalytic properties to [FeIIICl(L)].
Synthesis, Characterisation, and Functionalisation of Charged Two‐Dimensional MoS2
Authors: Krajewska Aleksandra M. , Paiva Aislan Esmeraldo , Morris Michael , McDonald Aidan R. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe applications of exfoliated MoS2 are limited by its inert surface and poor interface. We have activated the surface of exfoliated 2H‐MoS2 by reacting it with NaBH4, forming an n‐doped material as demonstrated by a negative zeta‐potential value ζ=−25 mV and a 20 nm (0.05 eV) red‐shift in its photoluminescence spectrum. The novel material's spectral properties were consistent with pristine 2H‐MoS2 (as determined by HR‐TEM, XPS, pXRD, DRIFT, TGA, and Raman spectroscopy). Importantly, it was readily dispersed in H2O unlike 2H‐MoS2. Its dispersibility properties were explored for a variety of solvents and could be directly correlated with the relative permittivity of the respective solvents. The charged 2H‐MoS2 reacted readily with an organo‐iodide to deliver functionalized 2H‐MoS2. Our approach delivers aqueous dispersions of semiconducting 2H‐MoS2, without additives or chemical functionalities, and allows for controlled and facile functionalization of 2H‐MoS2 opening multiple new avenues of semi‐conducting MoS2 application.
Selective and Stepwise Functionalization of the Pyridazine Scaffold by Using Thio‐Substituted Pyridazine Building Blocks
Authors: Hamze Clémence , Brossier Julie , Karaghiosoff Konstantin , Godineau Edouard , Knochel Paul 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe described a regioselective tri‐ and tetra‐functionalization of the pyridazine scaffold using two readily available building blocks: 3‐alkylthio‐6‐chloropyridazine and 3,4‐bis(methylthio)‐6‐chloropyridazine by performing selective metalations with TMPMgCl ⋅ LiCl and catalyst‐tuned cross‐coupling reactions with arylzinc halides. Several of the resulting pyridazines were converted into more elaborated N‐heterocycles such as thieno[2,3‐c]pyridazines and 1H‐pyrazolo[3,4‐c]pyridazines.
Post‐Modification of a Robust Covalent Organic Framework for Efficient Sequestration of 99TcO4−/ReO4−
Authors: Zhu Lei , Li Hai‐Ruo , Liu Zhao‐Fei , Di Zhengyi , Xu Wengui , Zhang Libo , Li Cheng‐Peng 
Published: August 2023

AbstractNuclear industry spent fuel reprocessing and some radioactive contamination sites often involve high acidity and salinity environments. Currently developed and reported sorbents in 99TcO4− sequestration from the nuclear waste are unstable and show low adsorption efficiency in harsh conditions. To address this issue, we developed a post‐synthetic modification strategy by grafting imidazole‐based ionic liquids (ILs) onto the backbone of covalent organic framework (COF) via vinyl polymerization. The resultant COF‐polyILs sorbent exhibits fast adsorption kinetics (<5 min) and good sorption capacity (388 mg g−1) for ReO4− (a nonradioactive surrogate of 99TcO4−). Outstandingly, COF‐polyILs composite shows superior ReO4− removal even under highly acidic conditions and in the presence of excess competing ions of Hanford low‐level radioactive waste stream, benefiting from the stable covalent bonds between the COF and polyILs, mass of imidazole rings, and hydrophobic pores in COF.
Continuous‐Flow Synthesis of Cycloparaphenylene Building Blocks on a Large Scale
Authors: Griwatz Jan H. , Kessler Mika L. , Wegner Hermann A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe synthesis of [n]cycloparaphenylenes ([n]CPPs) and similar nanohoops is usually based on combining building blocks to a macrocyclic precursor, which is then aromatized in the final step. Access to those building blocks in large amounts will simplify the synthesis and studies of CPPs as novel functional materials for applications. Herein, we report a continuous‐flow synthesis of key CPP building blocks by using versatile synthesis techniques such as electrochemical oxidation, lithiations and Suzuki cross‐couplings in self‐built reactors on up‐to kilogram scale.
Advances in RNA Labeling with Trifluoromethyl Groups
Authors: Eichler Clemens , Himmelstoß Maximilian , Plangger Raphael , Weber Leonie I. , Hartl Markus , Kreutz Christoph , Micura Ronald 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFluorine labeling of ribonucleic acids (RNA) in conjunction with 19F NMR spectroscopy has emerged as a powerful strategy for spectroscopic analysis of RNA structure and dynamics, and RNA‐ligand interactions. This study presents the first syntheses of 2′‐OCF3 guanosine and uridine phosphoramidites, their incorporation into oligoribonucleotides by solid‐phase synthesis and a comprehensive study of their properties. NMR spectroscopic analysis showed that the 2′‐OCF3 modification is associated with preferential C2′‐endo conformation of the U and G ribose in single‐stranded RNA. When paired to the complementary strand, slight destabilization of the duplex caused by the modification was revealed by UV melting curve analysis. Moreover, the power of the 2′‐OCF3 label for NMR spectroscopy is demonstrated by dissecting RNA pseudoknot folding and its binding to a small molecule. Furthermore, the 2′‐OCF3 modification has potential for applications in therapeutic oligonucleotides. To this end, three 2′‐OCF3 modified siRNAs were tested in silencing of the BASP1 gene which indicated enhanced performance for one of them. Importantly, together with earlier work, the present study completes the set of 2′‐OCF3 nucleoside phosphoramidites to all four standard nucleobases (A, U, C, G) and hence enables applications that utilize the favorable properties of the 2′‐OCF3 group without any restrictions in placing the modification into the RNA target sequence.
Idiopathic premature ventricular complexes treatment: Comparison of flecainide, propafenone, and sotalol
Authors: Kojić Dejan , Radunović Anja , Bukumirić Zoran , Rajsic Sasa , Sušić Maša , Marić Marija , Žugić Vasko , Jurčević Ružica , Tomović Milosav 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundBeta‐blockers (BB) or dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers (CCBs) are still the first choices in the treatment of idiopathic premature ventricular complexes (PVCs), with low‐modest efficacy. Antiarrhythmic drugs (AADs) of Ic class are moderate to highly efficient but the evidence on their benefits is still limited.AimTo compare effectiveness and safety of flecainide, propafenone, and sotalol in the treatment of symptomatic idiopathic PVCs.MethodsOur single‐center retrospective study analyzed 104 consecutive patients with 130 medication episodes of frequent idiopathic PVCs treated with AADs flecainide, propafenone (Ic class) or sotalol (III class). The primary outcome was complete/near complete reduction of PVCs after medication episode (PVCs burden reduction >99%), and the secondary outcome was significant PVC burden reduction (≥80%).ResultsThe complete/near complete PVCs burden reduction occurred in 31% and was significant in 43% of treated patients. A reduction of PVC burden for >99% was achieved in 56% of patients on flecainide, in 11% of patients on propafenone (p = .002), and in 21% of patients receiving sotalol (p = .031). There was no difference between propafenone and sotalol (p = .174). A reduction of PVC burden for ≥80% was achieved in 64% of patients on flecainide, in 30% of patients on propafenone (p = .009), and 33% of patients on sotalol (p = .020). There was no difference between propafenone and sotalol (p = .661).ConclusionsThe efficacy of AADs class Ic and III in the treatment of idiopathic PVCs was modest. Flecainide was the most effective AAD in the achievement of complete/near complete or significant PVC burden reduction, compared to propafenone and sotalol.
Eco‐friendly Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles and its Application in Hydrogen Photogeneration and Nanoplasmonic Biosensing
Authors: Strapasson Guilherme B. , de C. Flach Eduarda , Assis Marcelo , Corrêa Silma A. , Longo Elson , Machado Giovanna , Santos Jacqueline F. L. , Weibel Daniel E. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractEnvironmentally friendly methods for silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesis without the use of hazardous chemicals have recently drawn attention. In this work, AgNPs have been synthesized by microwave irradiation using only honey solutions or aqueous fresh pink radish extracts. The concentrations of honey, radish extract, AgNO3 and pH were varied. AgNPs presented mean sizes between 7.0 and 12.8 nm and were stable up to 120 days. The AgNPs were employed as co‐catalyst (TiO2@AgNPs) to increase the hydrogen photogeneration under UV‐vis and only visible light irradiation, when compared to pristine TiO2 NPs. The prepared photocatalyst also showed hydrogen generation under visible light. Additionally, AgNPs were used to assemble a nanoplasmonic biosensor for the biodetection of extremely low concentrations of streptavidin, owing to its specific binding to biotin. It is shown here that green AgNPs are versatile nanomaterials, thus being potential candidates for hydrogen photogeneration and biosensing applications.
Development and validation of a short version of the questionnaire of stressful life events (QSLE)
Authors: Butjosa Anna , Usall Judith , Vila‐Badia Regina , Del Cacho Nuria , Gómez‐Benito Juana , Barajas Ana , Banos Iris , Grau Norma , Granell Luis , Sola Andrea , Hami‐Carlson Janina , Dolz Montserrat , Sanchez Bernardo ,   GENIPE group, Ochoa Susana 
Published: August 2023

AbstractStressful life events (SLE) tend to occur before the onset of psychosis, this highlights the importance of its detection and evaluation in these patients. The need to have instruments that assess SLE easily and quickly underpins the objective of this study, which is to validate a short version of the questionnaire of stressful life events (QSLE). 124 patients with first‐episode psychosis and 218 healthy controls aged between 11 and 52 years were recruited. The QSLE scale underwent discrimination analysis, which revealed 18 items had good SLEs discriminability between the two samples. These 18 items were then used to create the shorter QSLE‐SV. The QSLE‐SV showed good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.749). An AUC of 0.830 was observed, suggesting that the predictor was good. Using 2 as the cut‐off score to predict an individual as a patient would yield a sensitivity of 91.1% and a specificity of 51.6%, and using a cut‐off point of 3, the sensitivity was 77.4% and the specificity was 72.5%. QSLE‐SV displayed satisfactory psychometric properties in a Spanish population. The QSLE‐SV allows for investigating childhood, adolescent and adult life events by measuring current stress and age on a continuous scale in a quick and easy way.
Fitness, behavioral, and energetic trade‐offs of different migratory strategies in a partially migratory species
Authors: Soriano‐Redondo Andrea , Franco Aldina M. A. , Acácio Marta , Payo‐Payo Ana , Martins Bruno Herlander , Moreira Francisco , Catry Inês 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAlternative migratory strategies can coexist within animal populations and species. Anthropogenic impacts can shift the fitness balance between these strategies leading to changes in migratory behaviors. Yet some of the mechanisms that drive such changes remain poorly understood. Here we investigate the phenotypic differences, and the energetic, behavioral, and fitness trade‐offs associated with four different movement strategies (long‐distance and short‐distance migration, and regional and local residency) in a population of white storks (Ciconia ciconia) that has shifted its migratory behavior over the last decades, from fully long‐distance migration toward year‐round residency. To do this, we tracked 75 adult storks fitted with GPS/GSM loggers with tri‐axial acceleration sensors over 5 years, and estimated individual displacement, behavior, and overall dynamic body acceleration, a proxy for activity‐related energy expenditure. Additionally, we monitored nesting colonies to assess individual survival and breeding success. We found that long‐distance migrants traveled thousands of kilometers more throughout the year, spent more energy, and >10% less time resting compared with short‐distance migrants and residents. Long‐distance migrants also spent on average more energy per unit of time while foraging, and less energy per unit of time while soaring. Migratory individuals also occupied their nests later than resident ones, later occupation led to later laying dates and a lower number of fledglings. However, we did not find significant differences in survival probability. Finally, we found phenotypic differences in the migratory probability, as smaller sized individuals were more likely to migrate, and they might be incurring higher energetic and fitness costs than larger ones. Our results shed light on the shifting migratory strategies in a partially migratory population and highlight the nuances of anthropogenic impacts on species behavior, fitness, and evolutionary dynamics.
Irreversible phase back conversion of α‐FAPbI3 driven by lithium‐ion migration in perovskite solar cells
Authors: Choi Seung‐Gu , Lee Jin‐Wook 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTypically n‐i‐p structured perovskite solar cells (PSCs) incorporate 2,2′,7,7′‐tetrakis (N,N‐di‐p‐methoxyphenyl amine)‐9,9′‐spirobifluorene (spiro‐OMeTAD) as the hole‐transporting material. Chemical doping of spiro‐OMeTAD involves a lithium bis(trifluoromethyl sulfonyl)imide dopant, causing complex side‐reactions that affect the device performance, which are not fully understood. Here, we investigate the aging‐dependent device performance of widely used formamidinium lead triiodide (FAPbI3)‐based PSCs correlated with lithium‐ion (Li+) migration. Comprehensive analyses reveal that Li+ ions migrate from spiro‐OMeTAD to perovskite, SnO2, and their interfaces to induce the phase‐back conversion of α‐FAPbI3 to δ‐FAPbI3, generation and migration of iodine defects, and de‐doping of spiro‐OMeTAD. The rapid performance drop of FAPbI3‐based PSCs, even aging under dark conditions, is attributed to a series of these processes. This study identifies the hidden side effects of Li+ ion migration in FAPbI3‐based PSCs that can guide further work to maximize the operational stability of PSCs.image
Aesthetic and efficient perovskite/Si tandem solar cells using luminescent down‐shifting textured anti‐reflection films
Authors: Jung Eui Dae , Kim Chan Ul , Noh Young Wook , Seo Seong Kuk , Noh Young Im , Choi Kyoung Jin , Song Myoung Hoon 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPerovskite‐based tandem cells are emerging as new photovoltaic (PV) cells with a high efficiency that exceeds the efficiency limit of single‐junction cells. Building‐integrated PVs that require high efficiency are attractive, but aesthetics play key roles in these urban applications. One of the most challenging problems with respect to aesthetic PV cells is the efficiency loss due to color tuning. Here, we demonstrate for the first time lossless full‐color tunable PV cells based on the use of textured luminescent down‐shifting (LDS) films with LDS dyes with ultraviolet‐selective absorption. The LDS anti‐reflection (AR) films improve the perovskite/Si tandem cell efficiency by reducing the loss of parasitic UV absorption of the layers above the perovskite film due to LDS effect and the loss due to cell reflection due to the textured surface. Therefore, color tuning with LDS AR films can be used to produce highly aesthetic and efficient PV cells for urban applications.image
Effects of superfine grinding sweet potato leaf powders on physicochemical and structure properties of sweet potato starch noodles
Authors: Li Guanghui , Gao Xueli , Wang Yonghui , He Shenghua , Guo Weiyun , Huang Jihong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSweet potato leaves (SPLs) containing abundant functional components are consumed primarily as fresh vegetables worldwide. This study investigated the physical properties of superfine grinding SPLs powder, and their effects on cooking, texture, and sensory properties, micro‐ and molecular structures of starch noodles were also explored. The results showed that the bulk and tapped density (from 0.34 to 0.28 g/mL3 and from 0.69 to 0.61 g/mL3), repose and slid angle (from 42.15 to 30.96° and from 48.67 to 22.00°), water‐holding capacity and swelling capacity (from 8.66 to 4.94 g/g and from 10.03 to 7.77 mL/g) of SPLs powders were decreased with milling time increased. The cooking loss, swelling index, texture, and sensory properties of SPLs sweet potato starch noodles (SPLSNs) were improved as the particle size of SPLs decreased. XRD and FT‐IR showed that SPLSNs contained less complete crystallites (from 28.85% to 14.19%) and lower proportion of crystalline region (R1047/1017 from 0.96 to 0.81, R1017/994 from 0.41 to 0.43). SEM revealed that SPLSNs exhibited fewer ordered arrays and smooth cross sections. Our findings provide a foundation for utilizing SPLs and developing functional starch noodles.