bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hospitalizations among children with sickle cell disease enrolled in the Kumasi Sickle Cell Pan African Consortium (SPARCo) database: A cross sectional study
Authors: Oppong–Mensah Yaa Gyamfua , Odoom Samuel Frimpong , Nyanor Isaac , Amuzu Evans Xorse , Yawnumah Suraj Abubakar , Asafo‐Adjei Emmanuel , Nguah Samuel Blay , Ansong Daniel , Osei‐Akoto Alex , Paintsil Vivian 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsSickle cell disease (SCD) is the commonest monogenic haemolytic disorder in Africa. Despite strides made in its management, a significant proportion of patients are hospitalized from the various complications of the disease. This study set out to describe the main causes and outcomes of hospitalizations among pediatric patients with SCD.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted at the Pediatric Emergency Unit of Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital within a period of 12 months to recruit pediatric SCD patients. This study looked at causes of admission, length of hospital stay (LOS), and outcome of admission.ResultsOf the 201 SCD patients recruited, 57.2% were males and majority were of SCD‐SS phenotype 83.1%. The median age was 6 years. The three leading causes of hospitalization were Vaso‐occlusive pain events (VOPE) (39.8%), acute chest syndrome (ACS) (25.9%), and infections (12.4%). Ten (5.0%) of the patients presented with a stroke. High admissions were observed in June (12.4%) and November (16.9%). The median (interquartile range [IQR]) LOS was 6 days (IQR: 4–10). Six (3.0%) of the patients died from complications of the disease during hospitalization.ConclusionVOPE, ACS, infections, and acute anaemia from hyperhaemolysis were observed as the most common causes of admissions among SCD patients. A good outcome of discharge was seen in most of the patients that were hospitalized with a median length of stay of 6 days. This study also strengthens the importance of a good SCD database with patient follow‐ups for better outcomes in SCD patients.
The developing of executive function skills through culturally organized autonomy and helping
Authors: Alcalá Lucía 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe study of Executive Function skills, like most research in the developmental sciences, has been heavily focused on the experiences of children from Western, industrialized, highly schooled and middle‐class communities, often ignoring the experiences of the majority of children in the world. When research does include diverse populations, the approach is often from a deficit perspective, looking for ways to “fix” these children's lack of Executive Function skills. In this commentary, I argue for a contextual definition of Executive Function skills to reflect children's lived experiences, including the daily experiences of Indigenous children. I provide examples to illustrate how cultural values such as respect for children'sautonomyand beingacomedida/ocan support the development of Executive Function skills. I then propose how the field of executive function research can move forward by (1) recognizing the broader ways in which children's daily activities can contribute to their Executive Function skills and (2) creating culturally relevant methods to measure Executive Function skills.
Stability of the online grooming victimization of minors: Prevalence and association with shame, guilt, and mental health outcomes over one year
Authors: Gámez‐Guadix Manuel , Mateos‐Pérez Estíbaliz , Alcázar Miguel A. , Martínez‐Bacaicoa Jone , Wachs Sebastian 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntroductionOnline grooming is the process by which an adult manipulates a minor by using information and communication technologies to interact sexually with that minor. The objective of this study was to analyze the stability of online grooming victimization among minors and its relationship with demographic variables (e.g., gender, age, and sexual orientation), emotions of shame and guilt, and depression and anxiety symptoms.MethodsThe participants were 746 adolescents aged 12–14 years when the study started (Mage = 13.34, SD = 0.87) who completed self‐reports at Time 1 (T1) and 1 year later at Time 2 (T2). Among them, 400 were girls, 344 were boys, and two were nonbinary. At each time point, the minors self‐reported their online grooming experiences during the previous year.ResultsThe results showed that 11.8% (n = 89) of the participants were T1‐victims, 13% (n = 95) were T2‐victims, and 11% (n = 81) were stable victims of online grooming. Stability in victimization was related to being older, being a sexual minority, being born abroad, having separated or divorced parents, and having parents with a lower education level. Stable victims showed higher shame and guilt scores at T1 than did T1‐victims, indicating that elevated levels of shame and guilt could contribute to the persistence of online grooming over time.ConclusionsOverall, adolescents in the stable victim category presented more depression and anxiety symptoms. Intervention strategies should address emotions related to victimization, such as shame and guilt, as well as depression and anxiety symptoms.
The role of ethnicity in the admission process of male juvenile released offenders: Examining risk and readiness to change in the Israeli Shushan centers
Authors: Haviv Noam , Itzik Lea 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntroductionDisparities in evaluating readiness to change and recidivism risk across diverse cultural groups can profoundly affect rehabilitation program efficacy. This study examines readiness to change and recidivism risk disparities between Israeli‐Arabs and Israeli‐Jews entering a re‐entry program by the Prisoner Rehabilitation Authority postrelease.MethodThe University of Rhode Island Change Assessment Scale questionnaire gauged readiness to change, whereas the Ohio Youth Assessment System‐Residential tool assessed recidivism risk. The sample included 151 participants: 98 Israeli‐Arabs and 53 Israeli‐Jews. Mean differences in change readiness and recidivism risk were statistically assessed through t tests.ResultsSignificant differences emerged in change readiness levels between Israeli‐Arabs and Jews upon rehabilitation program entry, with Israeli‐Jews exhibiting higher readiness. Additionally, a noteworthy divergence in recidivism risk was noted, indicating elevated average risk for Israeli‐Jews.ConclusionsFindings underscore the vital need for cultural sensitivity during admission. Bias potential in assessing risk for Arab participants emphasizes the necessity of a comprehensive culturally sensitive approach. While focusing on admission, the Risk‐Need‐Responsivity model application could enhance risk evaluation and guide culturally tailored treatments.
MicroRNA‐155 downregulates long noncoding RNA prostate cancer‐associated transcript 29 in hepatocellular carcinoma to suppress cancer cell invasion and migration
Authors: Yang Muyi , Yu Peng , Li Peng , Diao Guanghao 
Published: September 2023

AbstractLong noncoding RNA (lncRNA) prostate cancer‐associated transcript 29 (PCAT29) is known to suppress several cancers, but its participation in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains elusive. This study tried to explore PCAT29 function in HCC. In this study, a total of 62 HCC patients were enrolled. Tissue samples were collected from all 62 patients to isolate RNA samples. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was applied for the expression analysis of PCAT29 and microRNA‐155 (miR‐155) in these tissue samples. The 62 HCC patients were followed up for 5 years to explore the prognostic value of PCAT29 for HCC. Correlations were analyzed using linear regression. IntaRNA 2.0 was used to predict the interaction between PCAT29 and miR‐155. The role of PCAT29 and miR‐155 in regulating HCC cell invasion and migration was evaluated by Transwell assay. We found that PCAT29 expression was downregulated in HCC and miR‐155 expression was upregulated in HCC compared to nontumor samples (p < 0.001). Downregulation of PCAT29 was found to be closely associated with poor survival of HCC patients. MiR‐155 was inversely correlated with PCAT29. It was predicted that miR‐155 could target PCAT29. In HCC cells, miR‐155 overexpression resulted in reduced PCAT29 expression (p < 0.05). MiR‐155 counteracted the inhibitory effects of PCAT29 overexpression on HCC cell migration and invasion. These results suggest that PCAT29 may be a potential prognostic biomarker and a novel therapeutic target for treating HCC.
Therapeutic targeting of microtubule affinity‐regulating kinase 4 in cancer and neurodegenerative diseases
Authors: Alam Manzar , Ahmed Sarfraz , Abid Mohammad , Hasan Gulam Mustafa , Islam Asimul , Hassan Md. Imtaiyaz 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMicrotubule affinity‐regulating kinase 4 (MARK4) is a member of the Ser/Thr protein kinase family, phosphorylates the microtubule‐connected proteins and plays a vital role in causing cancers and neurodegenerative diseases. This kinase modulates multiple signaling pathways, including mammalian target of rapamycin, nuclear factor‐κB, and Hippo‐signaling, presumably responsible for cancer and Alzheimer's. MARK4 acts as a negative controller of the Hippo‐kinase cassette for promoting YAP/TAZ action, and the loss of MARK4 detains the tumorigenic properties of cancer cells. MARK4 is involved in tau hyperphosphorylation that consequently affects neurodegeneration. MARK4 is a promising drug target for cancer, diabetes, and Alzheimer's. Developing the potent and selective inhibitors of MAKR4 are promising in the therapeutic management of associated diseases. Despite its great significance, a few reviews are available to discuss its structure, function and clinical significance. In the current review, we aimed to provide detailed information on the structural features of MARK4 targeted in drug development and its role in various signaling pathways related to cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. We further described the therapeutic potential of MARK4 inhibitors in preventing numerous diseases. Finally, the updated information on MARK4 will be helpful in the further development of effective therapeutic molecules.
How to better select SARS‐CoV‐2 preservation solution of virus nucleic acid testing
Authors: Duan Xiuzhi , Huang Letao , Wang Xuchu , Ping Ying , Yu Pan , Liu Weiwei , Xie Yiyi , Tao Zhihua 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundSampling and testing for SARS‐CoV‐2 is a widely recognized method for identifying patients with COVID‐19. However, there is limited research available on the stability of nucleic acids in viral storage solutions.MethodsThis paper investigates the components that provide better protection for virus and nucleic acid detection. The study utilized real‐time quantitative fluorescent PCR to detect SARS‐CoV‐2 and evaluate the preservation effect and stability of SARS‐CoV‐2 viral storage solution under various conditions, including different guanidinium salts, brands, and storage conditions.ResultsAll brands of inactivated virus preservation solutions demonstrated effective preservation and stability. However, 0.5 mol/L guanidine hydrochloride and guanidine isothiocyanate solutions exhibited poor antiseptic effects. Additionally, refrigerated storage showed better preservation compared to room temperature storage.ConclusionsWe recommend using inactivated virus collection solution to preserve and transport samples and testing preferably within 6 hours to reduce false negatives of NAT results.
circAP1M2 activates ATG9A‐associated autophagy by inhibiting miR‐1249‐3p to promote cisplatin resistance in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Wenhao Ren , Yali Cheng , Shaoming Li , Jingjing Zheng , Ling Gao , Keqian Zhi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCisplatin (CDDP) is the first‐line chemotherapeutic agent for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Susceptibility to drug resistance during treatment is a significant challenge in enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of OSCC. Autophagy is an essential element to guarantee the cancer cells' survival under chemo‐stress conditions. We established a cisplatin‐resistant OSCC cell line (CAL27/CDDP) and showed that circAP1M2 is a remarkably upregulated circular RNA in OSCC. Knockdown of circAP1M2 contributes to reversing cisplatin chemoresistance in vivo, while enhanced autophagic activity in cisplatin‐resistant OSCC cells contributes to chemoresistance. Mechanistically, we showed that circAP1M2 induces autophagy‐associated cisplatin resistance via the miR‐1249‐3p‐ATG9A axis in OSCC cells. This study provides insights into the specific influence of a newly identified circular RNA circAP1M2 in OSCC regarding drug abuse and the treatment of a broad range of cancers that can benefit from cisplatin.
A study on the oxidation of 1‐(4‐chlorophenyl) pyrazolidin‐3‐one to 1‐(4‐chlorophenyl)‐3‐pyrazolol by oxygen
Authors: Zhu Bao‐Guang , Jiang Yu‐Cheng , Song Lin‐Peng , Long Xiang‐Li 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDPyraclostrobin manifests a bright promise in agriculture with the characteristics of a broad spectrum, high efficiency, low toxicity, non‐target biosafety, and friendliness to users and the environment due to its ability to inhibit mitochondrial respiration in a novel mode of action. 1‐(4‐chlorophenyl)‐3‐pyrazolol is an essential intermediate for the preparation of pyraclostrobin. The commercial technology for the production of 1‐(4‐chlorophenyl)‐3‐pyrazolol by oxidizing 1‐(4‐chlorophenyl)pyrazolidan‐3‐one with H2O2 in strong an alkali solution is risky and not friendly to the environment.RESULTSA solid Fe/AC catalyst is constructed by loading ferric on commercial activated carbon. The activated carbon and ferric act cooperatively to upgrade the oxidation rate of 1‐(4‐chlorophenyl)pyrazolidan‐3‐one and the yield of 1‐(4‐chlorophenyl)‐3‐pyrazolol with air. The best catalyst is Fe/AC supported with 15% Fe2O3 on activated carbon of 100 ~ 120 mesh without activation.CONCLUSIONThe Fe/AC catalyst is able to not only accelerate the oxidation of 1‐(4‐chlorophenyl) pyrazolidin‐3‐one but also obtain a higher yield of 1‐(4‐chlorophenyl)‐3‐pyrazolol than FeCl3 or activated carbon can in 5%(wt.) NaOH solution. The highest 1‐(4‐chlorophenyl)‐3‐pyrazolol yield is obtained by a gas stream containing 60%(wt.) oxygen with a Fe/AC dosage of 1.25 g L−1. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Ectrodactyly‐ectodermal dysplasia‐clefting syndrome. Prenatal prospective ultrasound diagnosis
Authors: Orlandi Giuliana , Di Girolamo Raffaella , Carbone Luigi , Sarno Laura , Maresca Antonia , Fulgione Caterina , Mazzarelli Laura Letizia , D'antonio Francesco , Mappa Ilenia , Pietrolucci Maria Elena , Rizzo Giuseppe , Maruotti Giuseppe Maria 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectivePrenatal diagnosis of the Ectrodactyly‐Ectodermal dysplasia‐clefting (EEC) syndrome has been based upon the detection of ectrodactyly, in association with facial clefting and/or positive family history. Our aim is to describe other ultrasonographic features indicating the presuntive diagnosis, regardless of genetic diagnosis, especially in cases of negative family history.Materials and MethodsA case report and a review of the literature was assessed.ResultsOur case report showed a singleton foetus “lobster claw” deformities of hands and feet. Paternal history revealed bilateral agenesia of two fingers. Through literature, 15 case reports of prenatal diagnosis of EEC syndrome were found, 14 of which were eligible for our systematic review.The 33% of cases (5/15) had a familiar history of EEC, thus, we found one case of consanguinity of parents. Anomalies EEC‐related were recognized in the 40% of cases (6/15). An association with genitourinary anomalies was found in 30% (5/15) of them.ConclusionsA strong suspicion of final diagnosis of EEC may be done in the presence of ectrodactyly, facial clefting and urinary malformation especially in cases of negative family history. More attention should be given to a genetic counseling, especially to understand a possible relation to other genetic syndromes.
救急外来における四肢開放骨折に対する抗菌薬投与時間に影響する因子の検討(Prediction of factors associated with time to antibiotics among patients with open limb fractures in the emergency department)
Authors: 啓子 内藤 , 拓 舩越 , 仁 髙橋 
Published: September 2023

要旨【目的】開放骨折では迅速な抗菌薬投与が重要だが，どのような因子が投与時間に影響するかの研究は乏しい。本研究は，四肢開放骨折の患者の来院から抗菌薬投与までの時間経過を調べ，抗菌薬の投与遅延に関連する因子の評価を目的とした。【対象】単施設後ろ向き研究である。2017年から2021年に救急外来受診時に四肢開放骨折の診断で抗菌薬を経静脈的に投与された患者を対象とした。患者来院から抗菌薬投与までの時間と，患者背景として年齢，性別，来院方法，バイタルサイン，GCS，骨折部，Gustilo分類，他部位外傷，精神疾患・認知症・飲酒の有無，患者受診時の外来混雑状況を収集した。来院から抗菌薬投与までが120分未満（早期群）かそれ以上（遅延群）かで2群に分け両群の背景を比較した。【結果】206例が対象となり早期群は141例（68.4%）であった。早期群と比較し遅延群では，年齢が有意に低かった（P = 0.03）。また，GCS 15未満（調整オッズ比 3.30，95%CI: 1.07–10.20），Gustiloタイプ I（調整オッズ比 2.16，95%CI: 1.13–4.14），他部位外傷あり（調整オッズ比 2.53，95%CI: 1.21–5.29）が抗菌薬投与遅延と関連を認めた。【結語】GCS 15未満，Gustiloタイプ I，他部位外傷ありが来院から抗菌薬投与までの時間遅延に関連した。
Effect of MALDI matrices on lipid analyses of biological tissues using MALDI‐2 postionization mass spectrometry
Authors: McMillen Josiah C. , Fincher Jarod A. , Klein Dustin R. , Spraggins Jeffrey M. , Caprioli Richard M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMatrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization imaging mass spectrometry (MALDI IMS) allows for highly multiplexed, untargeted detection of many hundreds of analytes from tissue. Recently, laser postionization (MALDI‐2) has been developed for increased ion yield and sensitivity for lipid IMS. However, the dependence of MALDI‐2 performance on the various lipid classes is largely unknown. To understand the effect of the applied matrix on MALDI‐2 analysis of lipids, samples including an equimolar lipid standard mixture, various tissue homogenates, and intact rat kidney tissue sections were analyzed using the following matrices: α‐cyano‐4‐hydroxycinnamic acid, 2′,5′‐dihydroxyacetophenone, 2′,5′‐dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB), and norharmane (NOR). Lipid signal enhancement of protonated species using MALDI‐2 technology varied based on the matrix used. Although signal improvements were observed for all matrices, the most dramatic effects using MALDI‐2 were observed using NOR and DHB. For lipid standards analyzed by MALDI‐2, NOR provided the broadest coverage, enabling the detection of all 13 protonated standards, including nonpolar lipids, whereas DHB gave less coverage but gave the highest signal increase for those lipids recorded. With respect to tissue homogenates and rat kidney tissue, mass spectra were compared and showed that the number and intensity of neutral lipids tentatively identified with MALDI‐2 using NOR increased significantly (e.g., fivefold intensity increase for triacylglycerol). In the cases of DHB with MALDI‐2, the number of protonated lipids identified from tissue homogenates doubled with 152 on average compared with 76 with MALDI alone. High spatial resolution imaging (~20 μm) of rat kidney tissue showed similar results using DHB with 125 lipids tentatively identified from MALDI‐2 spectra versus just 72 using standard MALDI. From the four matrices tested, NOR provided the greatest increase in sensitivity for neutral lipids (triacylglycerol, diacylglycerol, monoacylglycerol, and cholesterol ester), and DHB provided the highest overall number of lipids detected using MALDI‐2 technology.
Analytical strategies for the structural elucidation of proline‐containing dipeptides by liquid chromatography‐electrospray ionization‐tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Madmon Moran , Shamai Yamin Tamar , Prihed Hagit , Blanca Merav , Weissberg Avi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe identification of various proline‐containing dipeptides by implementing liquid chromatography‐electrospray ionization‐tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐ESI‐MS/MS) techniques is a challenging task. The ESI‐MS/MS spectra of protonated molecules [M + H]+ display a single dominant product ion, representing the pyrrolidinyl ring (m/z 70.0652). This lack of ESI‐MS/MS information leads to unavoidable ambiguity in the structure of the dipeptide. We demonstrate how structural information can be obtained instantaneously through ESI‐MS/MS fragmentation of the accompanied sodium adducts [M + Na]+ or alternatively by ESI‐MS/MS fragmentation of their carbamate derivatives. Both strategies are based on altering the charge distribution during fragmentation, promoting rich fragmentation patterns and enabling reliable structural elucidation.
Development and validation of near‐infrared spectroscopy procedures for prediction of cassava root dry matter and amylose contents in Ugandan cassava germplasm
Authors: Nuwamanya Ephraim , Wembabazi Enoch , Kanaabi Michael , Namakula Fatumah Babirye , Katungisa Arnold , Lyatumi Ivan , Esuma Williams , Alamu Emmanuel Oladeji , Dufour Dominique , Kawuki Robert , Davrieux Fabrice 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDCassava utilization for food and/or industrial products depends on inherent properties of root dry matter content (DMC) and the starch fraction of amylose content (AC). Accordingly, in the present study, near‐infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) models were developed to aid breeding and selection of DMC and AC as critical industrial traits taking care of root sample preparation and cassava germplasm diversity available in Uganda.RESULTSUpon undertaking calibrations and cross‐validations, best models were adopted for validation. DMC in calibration samples ranged from 20 to 45 g 100g−1, whereas, for amylose content, it ranged from 14 to 33 g 100g−1. In the validation set, average DMC was 29.5 g 100g−1, whereas, for amylose content, it was 24.64 g 100g−1. For DMC, a modified partial least square regression model had regression coefficients (R2) of 0.98 and 0.96, respectively, in the calibration and validation set. These were also associated with low bias (−0.018) and ratio of performance deviation that ranged from 4.7 to 5.0. In addition, standard error of prediction values ranged from 0.9 g 100g−1 to 1.06 g 100g−1. For AC, the regression coefficient was 0.91 for the calibration set and 0.94 for the validation set. A bias equivalent to −0.03 and a ratio of performance deviation of 4.23 were observed.CONCLUSIONThese findings confirm the robustness of NIRS in the estimation of dry matter content and amylose content in cassava roots and thus justify its use in routine cassava breeding operations. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Assessment of Knee Menisci in Healthy Adults Using Shear Wave Elastography
Authors: Ye Ran , Xiong Huahua , Liu Xiao , Yang Junxing , Guo Jiandong , Qiu Jianwen 
Published: September 2023

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to explore the application value of shear wave elastography in healthy adults with knee meniscus.MethodsOne hundred adult subjects who underwent health checkups at our hospital from December 2022 to February 2023 were selected as research participants. Shear wave elastography was used to evaluate the periphery of the lateral and medial meniscus in both knees. To assess the mean differences in Young's modulus values between male and female groups, a one‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and independent samples t‐test were conducted. In addition, a Pearson correlation coefficient test was used to analyze the correlation between the elastic values of the meniscus and age, height, weight, and body mass index (BMI).ResultsThere were no significant differences in elastic values between the lateral meniscus of the left and right sides or between the medial meniscus of the left and right sides within the same gender group (P > .05). Stiffness values of the medial meniscus were higher in each gender group than those of the lateral meniscus (P < .01). Additionally, males demonstrated higher stiffness values than females (P < .01). As age increased, the Young's modulus of the meniscus increased significantly (r > .75, P < .01).ConclusionShear wave elastography can serve as an adjunctive tool to aid in the assessment of knee meniscal elasticity.