bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combined Therapeutic Plasma Exchange and Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy in Children With Dengue-Associated Acute Liver Failure and Shock Syndrome: Single-Center Cohort From Vietnam*
Authors: Vo Luan Thanh , Do Viet Chau , Trinh Tung Huu , Vu Thien , Nguyen Thanh Tat 
Published: June 2023

OBJECTIVES:
Pediatric acute liver failure (PALF) is a fatal complication in patients with severe dengue. To date, clinical data on the combination of therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) and continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) for managing dengue-associated PALF concomitant with shock syndrome are limited.

DESIGN:
Retrospective cohort study (January 2013 to June 2022).

PATIENTS:
Thirty-four children.

SETTING:
PICU of tertiary Children’s Hospital No. 2 in Vietnam.

INTERVENTIONS:
We assessed a before-versus-after practice change at our center of using combined TPE and CRRT (2018 to 2022) versus CRRT alone (2013 to 2017) in managing children with dengue-associated acute liver failure and shock syndrome. Clinical and laboratory data were reviewed from PICU admission, before and 24 h after CRRT and TPE treatments. The main study outcomes were 28-day in-hospital mortality, hemodynamics, clinical hepatoencephalopathy, and liver function normalization.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:
A total of 34 children with a median age of 10 years (interquartile range: 7–11 yr) underwent standard-volume TPE and/or CRRT treatments. Combined TPE and CRRT (n = 19), versus CRRT alone (n = 15), was associated with lower proportion of mortality 7 of 19 (37%) versus 13 of 15 (87%), difference 50% (95% CI, 22–78; p < 0.01). Use of combined TPE and CRRT was associated with substantial advancements in clinical hepatoencephalopathy, liver transaminases, coagulation profiles, and blood lactate and ammonia levels (all p values < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS:
In our experience of children with dengue-associated PALF and shock syndrome, combined use of TPE and CRRT, versus CRRT alone, is associated with better outcomes. Such combination intervention was associated with normalization of liver function, neurological status, and biochemistry. In our center we continue to use combined TPE and CRRT rather than CRRT alone.
The Surgical Management of Migraines and Chronic Headaches
Authors: Zhu Kevin , Ha Michael , Finkelstein Emily R. , Chaudry Salman , Hricz Nicholas , Ngaage Ledibabari M. , Rasko Yvonne 
Published: June 2023

Background
Migraine headache can be an extremely debilitating condition, with pharmacotherapy for prophylaxis or treatment of acute symptoms being unsuccessful in a large proportion of patients. Surgical management of migraine has recently gained popularity as an alternative to pharmacotherapy for severe disease. However, the novel nature of these procedures may lead to variable insurance coverage, limiting access to care.

Methods
A cross-sectional analysis of 101 US insurance companies was conducted. Companies were chosen based on greatest market share and enrollment per state. A Web-based search or phone call identified whether each company had a publicly available policy on nonsurgical or surgical management of migraine or headache. For companies with an available policy, coverage was categorized into covered, covered on a case-by-case basis, or never covered, with criteria required for coverage collected and categorized.

Results
Of the 101 evaluated insurers, significantly fewer companies had a policy on surgical treatment for migraine or headache (n = 52 [52%]) compared with nonsurgical treatment (n = 78 [78%]) (P < 0.001). For companies with a policy, the most frequently covered nonsurgical treatments were biofeedback (n = 23 [92%]) and botulism toxin injections (n = 61 [88%]). Headaches were an approved indication for occipital nerve stimulation in 4% (n = 2) of company policies and nerve decompression in 2% (n = 1) of policies. Migraines were never offered preauthorized coverage for surgical procedures.

Conclusion
Approximately half of US insurance companies have a publicly available policy on surgical management of migraine or headache. Surgical treatment was seldom covered for the indication of headache and would never receive preauthorized coverage for migraine. Lack of coverage may create challenges in accessing surgical treatment. Additional prospective, controlled studies are necessary to further support the efficacy of surgical treatment.
Outcomes of Laparoscopic Versus Open Liver Resection: A Case-control Study With Propensity Score Matching
Authors: Kirimker Elvan Onur , Ozgu Kerem , Ersoz Siyar , Tuzuner Acar 
Published: June 2023

Background:
This study aimed to evaluate the perioperative outcomes of patients with benign and malignant liver lesions scheduled for laparoscopic and open surgery using a propensity score-matched approach to analyze additional cofactors influencing outcomes.

Patients and Methods:
In this study, we retrospectively reviewed 270 patients who underwent laparoscopic or open liver resection at our institute between October 2016 and November 2021. Patients were divided into open and laparoscopic liver resection groups and compared according to the intention to treat principle. In the purification process for the nonrandom nature of the study, a matching analysis was performed at a 1:1 case-control ratio. The PS model included selected data on body mass index, additional data on the American Society of Anesthesiology score, cirrhosis, lesion <2 cm from the hilum, lesion <2 cm from the hepatic vein or inferior vena cava, and type of neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Results:
The operation time and 30- and 90-day mortality rates were similar between the groups. The average length of hospital stay was 11 days in the open surgery group and 9 days in the laparoscopic surgery group after matching (P=0.011). The 30-day morbidity rate was statistically different between the groups before and after matching, favoring the laparoscopic group (P=0.001 and 0.006, respectively). After the propensity score-matched approch, the open group’s Pringle time was shorter than that of the laparoscopic group. The total operative time was longer in the laparoscopic than in the open surgery group. This did not change after matching (300 vs. 240 min).

Conclusions:
Laparoscopic surgery is a feasible and safe treatment option for patients with liver tumors, with promising results in terms of morbidity and hospital stay.
Application of a New Retraction Method in Laparoscopic Gastrectomy for Gastric Cancer
Authors: Zhang Shun , Cui Xi-mao , Du Tao , Ma Chi-ye , Hu Ren-hao , Yuan Biao , Yan Dong-yi , Song Chun , Jiang Xiao-hua 
Published: June 2023

Background:
Better exposition is important for lymph node dissection in the suprapancreatic region and lesser curvature region of the stomach, and digestive tract reconstruction, especially without excellent assistants.

Patients and Methods:
We developed a new laparoscopic retraction method with the use of two internal retractors (TIRs) punctured along with suture. Clinicopathological data, surgical data, and postoperative outcomes were assessed.

Results:
Of the 143 patients included, 51 underwent surgery with the double-sling suture method and 92 underwent surgery with the TIRs method. Laparoscopic radical gastrectomy was successfully performed in all patients. There were no significant differences in patient characteristics or preoperative data in the 2 groups. The operative time was significantly shorter in the TIR group, but the amount of bleeding did not differ. No retraction-related complications both in clipped tissue and liver occurred in all patients.

Conclusions:
Our new retraction technique provided an optimal surgical field and make surgery lower requirements for assistants.
36-h Total Sleep Deprivation Induced Aberrant Insula Sub-regional Functional Connectivity
Authors: Chen Xiangling , Zhang Kaiming , Lei Shiyu , Yang Hai , Zheng Yue , Wu Xuemei , Ma Xinuo , Weng Xiechuan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTotal sleep deprivation (TSD) induces aberrant insula functional connectivity (FC). The insula comprises at least three functionally distinct subregions: anterior dorsal (dAI), anterior ventral (vAI), and posterior insula (PI). Biased attention toward the anterior insula (AI) has limited our complete understanding of the TSD impact. We aimed to investigate TSD-induced functional connectivity and lateralization across the insula subregions. A total of 54 healthy young men completed 36-h TSD. Two sessions of psychomotor vigilance task (PVT) and 3T resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) scanning were carried out. A seed-based FC was conducted using bilateral insula subregions. Impaired vigilance, altered functional connectivity and lateralization were observed after TSD. The AI showed enhanced connectivity with the cerebellum, middle frontal gyrus, putamen, and postcentral gyrus but decreased connectivity with the temporal lobes, angular gyrus, calcarine sulcus, anterior cingulum, and medial orbitofrontal gyrus. The PI had increased connectivity with the middle frontal, inferior temporal, and inferior parietal gyrus but showed an anti-correlation with the middle temporal regions, posterior cingulum, and angular gyrus. All the seeds showed ipsilateral connections with specific brain regions, excluding the cerebellum. Both the vAI and PI displayed FC with the insula. The correlation analysis between PVT and brain signal changes did not survive Bonferroni correction. This study provided information about potential functional asymmetries of insula subregions caused by 36-h TSD. These findings provided new insights into the neural mechanisms of inter-hemispheric communication and coordination, which is essential for understanding the overall brain function.
The MIND diet, brain transcriptomic alterations, and dementia
Authors: Li Jun , Capuano Ana W. , Agarwal Puja , Arvanitakis Zoe , Wang Yanling , De Jager Philip L. , Schneider Julie A. , Tasaki Shinya , de Paiva Lopes Katia , Hu Frank B. , Bennett David A , Liang Liming , Grodstein Francine 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACTIdentifying novel mechanisms underlying dementia is critical to improving prevention and treatment. As an approach to mechanistic discovery, we investigated whether MIND diet (Mediterranean-DASH Diet Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay), a consistent risk factor for dementia, is correlated with a specific profile of cortical gene expression, and whether such a transcriptomic profile is associated with dementia, in the Religious Orders Study (ROS) and Rush Memory and Aging Project (MAP). RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) was conducted in postmortem dorsolateral prefrontal cortex tissue from 1,204 deceased participants; neuropsychological assessments were performed annually prior to death. In a subset of 482 participants, diet was assessed ~6 years before death using a validated food-frequency questionnaire; in these participants, using elastic net regression, we identified a transcriptomic profile, consisting of 50 genes, significantly correlated with MIND diet score (P=0.001). In multivariable analysis of the remaining 722 individuals, higher transcriptomic score of MIND diet was associated with slower annual rate of decline in global cognition (β=0.011 per standard deviation increment in transcriptomic profile score,P=0.003) and lower odds of dementia (odds ratio [OR] =0.76,P=0.0002). Cortical expression of several genes appeared to mediate the association between MIND diet and dementia, includingTCIM, whose expression in inhibitory neurons and oligodendrocytes was associated with dementia in a subset of 424 individuals with single-nuclei RNA-seq data. In a secondary Mendelian randomization analysis, genetically predicted transcriptomic profile score was associated with dementia (OR=0.93,P=0.04). Our study suggests that associations between diet and cognitive health may involve brain molecular alterations at the transcriptomic level. Investigating brain molecular alterations related to diet may inform the identification of novel pathways underlying dementia.
KIBRA repairs synaptic plasticity and promotes resilience to tauopathy-related memory loss
Authors: Kauwe Grant , Pareja-Navarro Kristeen A. , Yao Lei , Chen Jackson H. , Wong Ivy , Saloner Rowan , Cifuentes Helen , Nana Alissa L. , Shah Samah , Li Yaqiao , Le David , Spina Salvatore , Grinberg Lea T. , Seeley William W. , Kramer Joel H. , Sacktor Todd C. , Schilling Birgit , Gan Li , Casaletto Kaitlin B. , Tracy Tara E. 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACTSynaptic plasticity is obstructed by pathogenic tau in the brain, representing a key mechanism that underlies memory loss in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and related tauopathies. Here, we define a mechanism for plasticity repair in vulnerable neurons using the C-terminus of the KIdney/BRAin (KIBRA) protein (CT-KIBRA). We show that CT-KIBRA restores plasticity and memory in transgenic mice expressing pathogenic human tau; however, CT-KIBRA did not alter tau levels or prevent tau-induced synapse loss. Instead, we find that CT-KIBRA binds to and stabilizes protein kinase Mζ (PKMζ) to maintain synaptic plasticity and memory despite tau mediated pathogenesis. In humans we find that reduced KIBRA in brain and increased KIBRA in cerebrospinal fluid are associated with cognitive impairment and pathological tau levels in disease. Thus, our results distinguish KIBRA both as a novel biomarker of synapse dysfunction in AD and as the foundation for a synapse repair mechanism to reverse cognitive impairment in tauopathy.
Co-aggregation and parallel aggregation of specific proteins in major mental illness
Authors: Samardžija Bobana , Juković Maja , Zaharija Beti , Renner Éva , Palkovits Miklós , Bradshaw Nicholas J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundDisrupted proteostasis is an emerging area of research into major depressive disorder. Several proteins have been implicated as specifically forming aggregates in the brains of subsets of patients with psychiatric illnesses, these proteins include CRMP1, DISC1, NPAS3 and TRIOBP-1. It is unclear, however, whether these normally aggregate together in the same individuals, and, if so, whether each protein aggregates independently of each other (“parallel aggregation”) or if the proteins physically interact and aggregate together (“co-aggregation”).Materials and methodsPost mortem insular cortex samples from major depressive disorder and Alzheimer’s disease patients, suicide victims and control individuals had their insoluble fractions isolated and tested by Western blotting to determine which of these proteins are insoluble, and therefore likely aggregating. The ability of the proteins to co-aggregate (directly interact and form common aggregate structures) was tested by systematic pairwise expression in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells, examined by immunofluorescent microscopy.ResultsMany individuals displayed multiple insoluble proteins in the brain, although not enough to imply interaction between the proteins. Cell culture analysis revealed that only a few of the proteins analyzed can consistently co-aggregate with each other: DISC1 with CRMP1 and TRIOBP-1. DISC1 was able to induce aggregation of full length TRIOBP-1, but not its domains expressed individually.ConclusionsWhile specific proteins are capable of co-aggregating, and appear to do so in the brains of individuals with mental illness, and potentially also with suicidal tendency, it is more common for such proteins to aggregate in a parallel manner, through independent mechanisms.
Megafauna diversity and functional declines in Europe from the Last Interglacial (LIG) to the present
Authors: Davoli Marco , Monsarrat Sophie , Pedersen Rasmus , Scussolini Paolo , Karger Dirk Nikolaus , Normand Signe , Svenning Jens-Christian 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAim:to estimate European megafauna diversity and functional declines in the present compared to the nearest in time modern-analogue climate period prior to the worldwide diffusion ofHomo sapiens.Location:Europe.Time period:Last Interglacial (LIG; ca. 127,000 years ago) to present.Major taxa studied:wild, large (≥10 kg) terrestrial mammals.Methods:we assessed the distribution of 48 European megafauna species during the LIG using hindcasting modelling and fossil records. Then, we estimated the decline in megafauna community diversity and potential trait-based functional effects from the LIG to the present, accounting for climate differences between the two periods.Results:from the LIG to the present, species richness and community biomass across Europe dropped by 74.3% (± 9.9% SD) and 96.7% (± 4.1% SD), respectively. Functional diversity dropped by 59.1% (± 11.8% SD) for herbivores and by 48.2% (± 25.0% SD) for carnivores, while trait-informed potential vegetation and meat consumptions dropped by 91.1% (± 7.4% SD) and 61.2% (± 17.2% SD), respectively. The loss in megafauna diversity and associated ecological processes were high everywhere, but particularly in western Europe for carnivores and in the East European Plain for herbivores. We found that potential megafauna richness and functional patterns in the two periods were near identical if only climate-driven differences were considered.Main conclusions:severe, size-biased defaunation has degraded megafauna assemblages and megafauna-mediated ecological processes across Europe from the LIG to the present. These patterns cannot be explained by climate differences between the two periods, thus were likely driven by the impact of prehistoric Homo sapiens. The results suggest that the structure of wild ecosystems of the present strongly deviates from the evolutionary norm, notably with decreased functional heterogeneity and decreased fluxes of biogeochemical compounds across the trophic networks, highlighting the importance of ambitious policies of megafauna community restoration to support ecosystems functioning.
Genetic background influences the 5XFAD Alzheimer’s disease mouse model brain proteome
Authors: Hurst Cheyenne D. , Dunn Amy R. , Dammer Eric B. , Duong Duc M. , Seyfried Nicholas T. , Kaczorowski Catherine C. , Johnson Erik C. B. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThere is a pressing need to improve the translational validity of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) mouse models. Introducing genetic background diversity in AD mouse models has been proposed as a way to increase validity and enable discovery of previously uncharacterized genetic contributions to AD susceptibility or resilience. However, the extent to which genetic background influences the mouse brain proteome and its perturbation in AD mouse models is unknown. Here we crossed the 5XFAD AD mouse model on a C57BL/6J (B6) inbred background with the DBA/2J (D2) inbred background and analyzed the effects of genetic background variation on the brain proteome in F1 progeny. Both genetic background and 5XFAD transgene insertion strongly affected protein variance in hippocampus and cortex (n=3,368 proteins). Protein co-expression network analysis identified 16 modules of highly co-expressed proteins common across hippocampus and cortex in 5XFAD and non-transgenic mice. Among the modules strongly influenced by genetic background were those related to small molecule metabolism and ion transport. Modules strongly influenced by the 5XFAD transgene were related to lysosome/stress response and neuronal synapse/signaling. The modules with the strongest relationship to human disease—neuronal synapse/signaling and lysosome/stress response—were not significantly influenced by genetic background. However, other modules in 5XFAD that were related to human disease, such as GABA synaptic signaling and mitochondrial membrane modules, were influenced by genetic background. Most disease-related modules were more strongly correlated to AD genotype in hippocampus compared to cortex. Our findings suggest that genetic diversity introduced by crossing B6 and D2 inbred backgrounds influences proteomic changes related to disease in the 5XFAD model, and that proteomic analysis of other genetic backgrounds in transgenic and knock-in AD mouse models is warranted to capture the full range of molecular heterogeneity in genetically diverse models of AD.
Multivariate classification of multichannel long-term electrophysiology data identifies different sleep stages in fruit flies
Authors: Jagannathan Sridhar R. , Jeans Rhiannon , Van De Poll Matthew N. , van Swinderen Bruno 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACTSleep is observed in most animals, which suggests it subserves a fundamental process associated with adaptive biological functions. However, the evidence to directly associate sleep with a specific function is lacking, in part because sleep is not a single process in many animals. In humans and other mammals, different sleep stages have traditionally been identified using electroencephalograms (EEGs), but such an approach is not feasible in different animals such as insects. Here, we perform long-term multichannel local field potential (LFP) recordings in the brains of behaving flies undergoing spontaneous sleep bouts. We developed protocols to allow for consistent spatial recordings of LFPs across multiple flies, allowing us to compare the LFP activity across awake and sleep periods and further compare the same to induced sleep. Using machine learning, we uncover the existence of distinct temporal stages of sleep and explore the associated spatial and spectral features across the fly brain. Further, we analyze the electrophysiological correlates of micro-behaviours associated with certain sleep stages. We confirm the existence of a distinct sleep stage associated with rhythmic proboscis extensions and show that spectral features of this sleep-related behavior differ significantly from those associated with the same behavior during wakefulness, indicating a dissociation between behavior and the brain states wherein these behaviors reside.
Stimulation of VTA dopamine inputs to LH upregulates orexin neuronal activity in a DRD2-dependent manner
Authors: Harada Masaya , Capdevila Laia Serratosa , Wilhelm Maria , Burdakov Denis , Patriarchi Tommaso 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDopamine and orexins (hypocretins) play important roles in regulating reward-seeking behaviors. It is known that hypothalamic orexinergic neurons project to dopamine neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA), where they can stimulate dopaminergic neuronal activity. Although there are reciprocal connections between dopaminergic and orexinergic systems, whether and how dopamine regulates the activity of orexin neurons is currently not known. Here we implemented an opto-Pavlovian task in which mice learn to associate a sensory cue with optogenetic dopamine neuron stimulation to investigate the relationship between dopamine release and orexin neuron activity in the LH. We found that dopamine release can be evoked in LH upon optogenetic stimulation of VTA dopamine neurons, and is also naturally evoked by cue presentation after opto-Pavlovian learning. Furthermore, orexin neuron activity could also be upregulated by local stimulation of dopaminergic terminals in the LH in a way that is partially dependent on dopamine D2 receptors (DRD2). Our results reveal previously unknown orexinergic coding of reward expectation and unveil an orexin-regulatory axis mediated by local dopamine inputs in the LH.HighlightsOptical VTA DA neuron stimulation is sufficient to elicit a Pavlovian-like dopamine transient in the NAcDopamine in the LH encodes both negative and positive reward prediction errorsDopamine in the LH positively modulates orexin neuronal activity locally in a D2R dependent way