bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antisemitism on Campus in the Wake of October 7: Examining Stress, Coping, and Depressive Symptoms Among Jewish Students
Authors: Morstead Talia , DeLongis Anita 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe Hamas‐led terrorist attacks in Israel on October 7, 2023, were an inflection point that spurred a global rise in antisemitism. College and university campuses were particularly affected. Given the adverse impacts of prejudice and discrimination for mental health and the dearth of research on psychosocial effects of antisemitism, examining stress, coping, and mental health among Jewish students within this context is crucial. In this study, we used longitudinal data and multilevel modelling in the months after the events of October 7 to examine within‐ and between‐person effects of antisemitism‐related stress, stress associated with the Israel‐Palestine conflict, and approach and avoidance coping on depressive symptoms among a sample of 253 Jewish college and university students. Within‐person results indicated that increases from one's usual level of antisemitism‐related stress and stress attributable to the Israel‐Palestine conflict were independently associated with heightened depressive symptoms. Increased use of avoidance coping was also associated with heightened depressive symptoms, whereas the inverse was true for approach coping which had a protective effect. Similar effects were observed at the between‐person level. Results from the present work draw attention to both the potentially detrimental effects of stress associated with antisemitism, but also highlight coping as a target for intervention to potentially combat such effects. The findings also point to a path forward where campuses can remain open areas of inquiry by fostering resilience at both the community and individual level.
Anomaly Detection of Cyber Attacks in Smart Grid Communications Based on Residual Recurrent Neural Networks
Authors: Yu Long , Zhang Xirun , Du Lishi , Yue Liang 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe smart grid consists of widely distributed devices, and the complex, multitiered communication network structure increases its vulnerability to attacks. Attackers can exploit communication vulnerabilities between layers to launch network attacks. To optimize communication among smart grid devices and improve the accuracy of detecting network anomalies, this article proposes a deep learning‐based method for detecting communication network anomalies in power grid devices. Data from standard sources, such as smart meters, are collected, and the modified flow direction algorithm (MFDA) is employed for optimal weighted feature selection. The selected features are then input into an adaptive residual recurrent neural network (ARRNN) with dilated gated recurrent units (DGRUs) for anomaly detection, improving the accuracy of abnormal traffic monitoring in the smart grid. Simulation results show significant improvements in key performance indicators, with the false discovery rate (FDR) reduced to 0.060, the Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC) reaching 0.881, and specificity, recall, and precision all at 0.940. Large‐scale data experiments demonstrate outstanding performance in terms of memory usage, computational speed, and latency. This method proves to be effective and robust for communication anomaly detection in power grid networks.
Understanding the Dehumanization Associated With Extreme Cost Cutting
Authors: Kranzow Jeannine , Foote Stephanie M. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTHigher education institutions are facing challenging fiscal environments that require an examination of practices from the perspective of efficiency and effectiveness. While many institutions have taken similar approaches to resolving budgetary predicaments, examining the effect of these decisions on students should be one of the first considerations when evaluating a budget cut or shift in educational practice. This chapter explores the impact of extreme cost‐cutting in the academy through a lens of dehumanization in an effort to identify the ways in which student learning and success are impacted. The chapter concludes with considerations for those in higher education leadership.
Identification and characterization of a novel QTL for barley yellow mosaic disease resistance from bulbous barley
Authors: Hong Yi , Zhou Hui , Zhang Mengna , Zhang Yuhang , Zhu Juan , Lv Chao , Guo Baojian , Wang Feifei , Li Qingliang , Sun Jie , Xu Rugen 
Published: January 2025

AbstractWinter barley (Hordeum vulgare) production areas in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River are severely threatened by barley yellow mosaic disease, which is caused by Barley yellow mosaic virus and Barley mild mosaic virus. Improving barley disease resistance in breeding programs requires knowledge of genetic loci in germplasm resources. In this study, bulked segregant analysis (BSA) identified a novel major quantitative trait loci (QTL) QRym.ZN1‐7H for barley yellow mosaic disease resistance in an F2 population derived from the cross between “Nongke 1–6” (H. vulgare) and “Zaoshu 3” (H. vulgare). This QTL, originating from bulbous barley (Hordeum bulbosum), demonstrated stability and was further validated in another F2 population derived from the cross between “Nongke 2–6” (H. vulgare) and “Supi 1” (H. vulgare). QRym.ZN1‐7H accounted for 10.61%–19.34% of the phenotypic variance. The QTL was further fine mapped to the 14‐ to 39‐Mb interval on barley chromosome 7H. Transcriptome analysis identified 53 and 35 differentially expressed genes in roots and leaves (at QRym.ZN1‐7H locus), respectively, with nine genes differentially expressing in both tissues. HORVU.MOREX.r3.7HG0650990, a member of the disease resistance protein family (NBS‐LRR class), is the most likely candidate gene for QRym.ZN1‐7H. Enrichment analysis indicated that QRym.ZN1‐7H may be involved in signal transduction in plant innate immune response. This study laid a foundation for barley disease resistance breeding.
Allometric Growth of Non‐Carcass Components, Carcass Cuts and Hind Limb Tissues in Kivircik Lambs Finished Under Concentrate‐ and Pasture‐Based Systems
Authors: Yalcintan Hulya , Kecici Pembe Dilara , Ekiz Bulent 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundObtaining information about the growth rates of animals’ organs and tissues can help understand their meat production potential and determine the ideal slaughter weight (SW).ObjectivesThis study aimed to determine the effects of production system and SW on the allometric growth of the non‐carcass components, carcass cuts, and hind limb tissues of Kivircik lambs.MethodsA total of 54 single‐born male lambs were randomly allocated into production systems (concentrate‐ and pasture‐based) and SW groups: 25–26 kg (LOW), 30–31 kg (MEDIUM), and 35–36 kg (HIGH). The data for weights of non‐carcass components, carcass cuts and hind limb tissues were analysed using General Linear Model (GLM). The allometric growth of non‐carcass components, carcass cuts and hind limb tissues was estimated using the nonlinear allometric equation (Y = aXb).ResultsThe mean of carcass components increased linearly with SW (p < 0.05). Similar omental–mesenteric fat, kidney knob and channel fat (KKCF), back fat thickness, subcutaneous fat, intermuscular fat and total fat levels were observed in the different SW groups in a pasture‐based system (p > 0.05). Carcass cuts and hind limb fat tissues show late development (b > 1) in the concentrated system. Development of subcutaneous fat and total fat was late maturing (b > 1) in the pasture‐based system. Allometric growth of KKCF, subcutaneous fat and total fat was rapid.ConclusionIf more carcass weight is desired from Kivircik lambs in the concentrated production system, they should be slaughtered at higher weights than the HIGH group. Continuing to fatten pasture‐based lambs after 30–31 kg may result in fatty carcasses.
Effective Polaron Dynamics of an Impurity Particle Interacting with a Fermi Gas
Authors: Hoang Duc Viet , Pickl Peter 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We study the quantum dynamics of a homogeneous ideal Fermi gas coupled to an impurity particle on a three-dimensional box with periodic boundary condition. For large Fermi momentum

$$k_{\text {F}}$$

k
F

, we prove that the effective dynamics is generated by a Fröhlich-type polaron Hamiltonian, which linearly couples the impurity particle to an almost-bosonic excitation field. Moreover, we prove that the effective dynamics can be approximated by an explicit coupled coherent state. Our method is applicable to a range of interaction couplings, in particular including interaction couplings of order 1 and time scales of the order

$$k_{\text {F}}^{-1}$$

k

F

-
1

.
Etablierung und Umsetzung des Nationalen Aktionsplans Gesundheitskompetenz in Deutschland
Authors: Schaeffer Doris , Griese Lennert , Hurrelmann Klaus 
Published: January 2025

Zusammenfassung
Studien zur Gesundheitskompetenz in Deutschland haben bereits vor gut zehn Jahren darauf hingewiesen, dass die Gesundheitskompetenz der Bevölkerung gering ist. Dies war der Anlass für eine Initiative ausgewiesener Expert:innen, einen „Nationalen Aktionsplan Gesundheitskompetenz (NAP-GK)“ für Deutschland nach dem Vorbild anderer Länder zu erarbeiten. In dem vorliegenden Beitrag werden die Entstehung und Erarbeitung des Aktionsplans in Deutschland dargestellt. Es folgt ein Überblick über die dabei durchgeführten Arbeitsschritte und den Inhalt des Aktionsplans. Anschließend wird die Umsetzungsstrategie mit den drei Schritten Diffusion, Dissemination und Implementation dargelegt. In der abschließenden Bilanz werden die Wirkungen des Plans erörtert und die Umsetzungsstrategie kritisch reflektiert. Insgesamt konnten zahlreiche Impulse zum Agenda-Setting und zur Förderung von Gesundheitskompetenz gesetzt werden. Als Herausforderung bleibt eine nachhaltige Interventionsentwicklung zur Förderung der Gesundheitskompetenz begleitet durch systematische Forschung.
Tödlicher mechanischer Ileus bei Ladd-Deformität
Authors: Holzer Anna , Graw M. , Schwerer M. , Sessler M. , Hartung B. 
Published: January 2025

Zusammenfassung
Die Malrotation des Darmes ist eine seltene, kongenitale Anomalie, die sich meist im Neugeborenenalter und vereinzelt auch zu späteren Zeitpunkten mit Zeichen des Ileus klinisch manifestieren kann. Todesfälle im Zusammenhang mit Ladd-Bändern sind in der Literatur bislang nicht beschrieben. Wir präsentieren den Fall eines 5‑jährigen Jungen, der an den Folgen eines mechanischen Ileus durch die Einklemmung einer Dünndarmschlinge unter einem Ladd-Band verstorben ist. Die Therapie der Wahl – u. a. eine operative Spaltung des Bandes – konnte nicht zuletzt aufgrund einer Fehleinschätzung des Zustandsbildes durch den Rettungsdienst nicht mehr durchgeführt werden.
Exploring Tetraselmis chui microbiomes—functional metagenomics for novel catalases and superoxide dismutases
Authors: Macdonald Jascha F. H. , Han Yuchen , Astafyeva Yekaterina , Bergmann Lutgardis , Gurschke Marno , Dirksen Philipp , Blümke Patrick , Schneider Yannik K. H. , Alawi Malik , Lippemeier Sebastian , Andersen Jeanette H. , Krohn Ines 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The focus on microalgae for applications in several fields, e.g. resources for biofuel, the food industry, cosmetics, nutraceuticals, biotechnology, and healthcare, has gained increasing attention over the last decades. In this study, we investigate the microbiome of the cultured microalga Tetraselmis chui (T. chui) to highlight their potential for health benefits. In this context, biomolecules like antioxidants play a crucial role in the well-being of living organisms as they metabolise harmful reactive oxygen species (ROS) to reduce oxidative stress. Impaired processing of ROS leads to damaged cells and increases the risk of cancer, inflammatory diseases, and diabetes, among others. Here, we identify, characterise, and test bacterial antioxidants derived from the T. chui microbiome metagenome dataset. We identified 258 genes coding for proteins with potential antioxidant activity. Of those, four novel enzymes are expressed and identified as two superoxide dismutases (SOD), TcJM_SOD2 and TcIK_SOD3, and two catalases (CAT), TcJM_CAT2 and TcIK_CAT3. Extensive analyses characterised all implemented enzymes as active even in concentrations down to 25 ng*ml−1 for the SODs and 15 ng*ml−1 for the CATs. Furthermore, sequence-based analyses assign TcJM_SOD2 and TcIK_SOD3 to iron superoxide dismutases (Fe SODs) and TcJM_CAT2 and TcIK_CAT3 to heme-containing catalases. These candidates are phylogenetically classified within the phylum Pseudomonadota. Regarding the biotechnological potential, a toxicity assay did not indicate any harmful effects. The introduced enzymes may benefit medical applications and expand the potential of microalgae microbiomes.

Key points

• Omics-based discoveries of antioxidant enzymes from Tetraselmis chui microbiome

• Two superoxide dismutases and two catalases are identified and tested for activity

• Enzyme sensitivity highlights biotechnological potential of microalgae microbiomes
Soluble Fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 polymorphisms associated with severe-spectrum hypertensive disorders of pregnancy
Authors: Chen Tracy , Baldauf Claire E. , Gill Kevin S. , Ingles Sue Ann , Pickering Trevor A. , Wilson Melissa L. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
sFLT-1 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of HDP. We aimed to examine the role of maternal and fetal polymorphisms in risk of HDP and severe-spectrum disease.

Methods
Cases of HDP (143) and controls (169) from mother-baby dyads were recruited at the Los Angeles County Women’s and Children’s Hospital (WCH). Cases of severe disease (99) and controls (31) from mother-father-baby triads were recruited through HELLP syndrome websites. Four sFLT-1 SNPs (rs7993594, rs3751395, rs7983774, and rs664393) were genotyped. Data was analyzed using a log-linear regression model in the Haplin package in R.

Results
Maternal double dose of the A allele (rs7993594) exhibited a nominally significant increased risk of HDP (RR = 3.52, 95% CI 1.08, 11.20). In the severe-spectrum cohort, a marginally significant protective effect among mothers carrying infants with a single dose of the A allele (rs7993594) was observed (RR = 0.59, 95% CI 0.36, 0.98) and double-dose maternal carriage of the G-t-G-G haplotype increased risk of severe disease (RR = 4.13, 95% CI 1.22, 13.80).

Conclusion
The maternal rs7993594 A allele appears to be associated with increased risk of HDP. Double-dose maternal carriage of the G-t-G-G haplotype increased risk of severe disease whereas the fetal rs7983774 A allele appears to be associated with decreased risk.
Real-world impact of intrathecal baclofen therapy: the benefits of neteka on patient outcomes, caregiver burden, and cost efficiency
Authors: D’Ercole Manuela , Burattini Benedetta , D’Alessandris Quintino Giorgio , Fuggetta Maria Filomena , Pambianco Francesco , Annunziata Francesca , Izzo Alessandro , Montano Nicola 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Intrathecal baclofen therapy (ITB) is a well-established treatment modality for severe spasticity, but it is burdened by the need for periodic pump refills. The introduction of a new formulation of baclofen with an extended stability of 180 days (Neteka, Nordic Group BV) could decrease the frequency of refills. We aimed at analyzing the clinical and economic impact of Neteka introduction in our outpatient facility.

Methods
Forty-eight patients with an implanted device for intrathecal baclofen infusion, who shifted from standard baclofen to Neteka, were included in the present study. We collected clinical and refilling data both from pre-Neteka and Neteka timeframes.

Results
In patients treated with baclofen 2 mg/ml (45/48, 93.8%), the introduction of Neteka led to a significant decrease of median number of refills per year (2.7 vs. 4 in pre-Neteka timeframe, p < 0.0001). This resulted in an improved quality of life, as shown by the reduction of Oberst Caregiving Burden Scale score both for time and difficulty of caregiving (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.0003, respectively). Furthermore, a median saving of 302.40 euro per year per patient, as compared to pre-Neteka timeframe, was registered. Similar results were obtained in the smaller cohort treated with baclofen 0.5 mg/ml (3/48, 6.3%). Neteka appreciation rate was high. As expected, no changes in clinical effectiveness of ITB therapy were observed by comparing pre-Neteka and Neteka timeframes.

Conclusions
The extended half-life provided by Neteka, by reducing the number of refills, could improve patient quality of life, enhance caregiver satisfaction, and decrease the financial burden on healthcare system.
Sustainable adaptation of commercial inland fishing?—Lessons learnt from subarctic Lake Inari, Finland
Authors: Turunen Minna T. , Rasmus Sirpa , Montonen Marja , Salonen Erno , Lehtonen Ilari 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We studied commercial fishers’ observations and experience-based knowledge in combination with long-term monitoring data in order to gain a holistic view of the adaptation of fishers to climate change and other drivers on Lake Inari. Fishers’ main sustainability concerns included degradation of the environment, overfishing, and lack of decision-making power. The fishery and fishing have changed due to increased water temperature and lake productivity; the open-water period has become longer and winter fishing season shorter and spring-spawning species, such as pike and perch, have become more common. Fishers’ responses to reduce risks and cope with future uncertainty included both long- and short-term adaptation—achieved through diversification, flexibility, innovation, and mobility. The responses of fishers to multiple changes are variable and based on individual rather than community behavior. We argue that diverse fishing strategies support the adaptation capacity and sustainability of commercial fishing. Sustainable adaptation of commercial inland fisheries could be further enhanced by better monitoring of the hydrology and fishery, by supporting social relations and communication, and through decision-making based on both scientific and fishers’ knowledge.
Fast frequency and phase synchronization of high-stability oscillators with 1 PPS signal from satellite navigation systems
Authors: Kubczak Paweł , Jessa Mieczysław , Kasznia Michał 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In this paper, we propose a novel algorithm for fast frequency and phase synchronization of high-stability oscillators synchronized with 1 PPS signal from satellite navigation systems. The algorithm uses a model of a control object in the space of state variables and controls the frequency of an oscillator operating in a phase-locked loop. A new element is the introduction to the theoretical analysis and the design process, the time of entering synchronization. Currently, the literature lacks theoretical analysis and design methodology that considers the impact of the synchronization time on the choice of the steering algorithm and its parameters. All the data needed to determine the numerical values of the model were found experimentally for three different classes of control objects. Short synchronization times, a detailed description of the design methodology, and the use of values measured in the real system distinguish the proposed algorithm from the solutions described in the literature. The effect of optimization was achieved thanks to the algorithm’s two-stage operation. In the first stage, the algorithm aims to minimize the phase error quickly. The best solution for this stage is Sliding Mode Control (SMC). In the second stage, the algorithm strives to maximize the control quality, understood as minimizing the values of Maximum Time Interval Error (MTIE) and Time Deviation (TDEV). The Model Predictive Control (MPC) and Linear-Quadratic Regulator (LQR) optimal control algorithms were used at this stage. The paper also investigated the influence of the tuning parameters of these algorithms (weights as a function of cost) on the long-term behavior of the control system.
Short- and long-term optimality under sustainable threats in Contest Theory models of advertising and short-run competition
Authors: Joosten Reinoud , Harmelink Rogier , Sparrius Thom 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We model advertising with effects on different time scales for a duopoly in imperfect substitutes using elements from Contest Theory. Firms additionally compete in a short-run strategic variable, here price or quantity, allowing simultaneous or sequential decisions, or collusion in endogenously changing stage games. Strategic variables range from ‘slow’ (advertising), over ‘moderate’ (quantities) to ‘fast’ (prices). We find feasible rewards and equilibria for the limiting average reward criterion. Uniqueness of equilibrium is not guaranteed, and we introduce two criteria which act as natural refinements. We impose stage-game rationality, i.e., the firms play optimally in each stage game. Furthermore, in establishing threats, we require that punishment is sustainable, i.e., the punisher must have nonnegative long term average own profits to avoid bankruptcy.
Privacy constrained fairness estimation for decision trees
Authors: van der Steen Florian , Vink Fré , Kaya Heysem 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The protection of sensitive data becomes more vital, as data increases in value and potency. Furthermore, the pressure increases from regulators and society on model developers to make their Artificial Intelligence (AI) models non-discriminatory. To boot, there is a need for interpretable, transparent AI models for high-stakes tasks. In general, measuring the fairness of any AI model requires the sensitive attributes of the individuals in the dataset, thus raising privacy concerns. In this work, the trade-offs between fairness (in terms of Statistical Parity (SP)), privacy (quantified with a budget), and interpretability are further explored in the context of Decision Trees (DTs) as intrinsically interpretable models. We propose a novel method, dubbed Privacy-Aware Fairness Estimation of Rules (PAFER), that can estimate SP in a Differential Privacy (DP)-aware manner for DTs. Our method is the first to assess algorithmic fairness on a rule-level, providing insight into sources of discrimination for policy makers. DP, making use of a third-party legal entity that securely holds this sensitive data, guarantees privacy by adding noise to the sensitive data. We experimentally compare several DP mechanisms. We show that using the Laplacian mechanism, the method is able to estimate SP with low error while guaranteeing the privacy of the individuals in the dataset with high certainty. We further show experimentally and theoretically that the method performs better for those DTs that humans generally find easier to interpret.

Graphical abstract