bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on the Effects of Lactulose and Rifaximin on Patient-Reported Outcomes in Hepatic Encephalopathy
Authors: Moon Andrew M. , Kim Hannah P. , Jiang Yue , Lupu Gabriel , Bissram Jennifer S. , Barritt A. Sidney , Tapper Elliot B. 
Published: February 2023

INTRODUCTION:
Patients with hepatic encephalopathy (HE) suffer from significant symptoms and impaired quality of life. Improved understanding on the potential benefits of first-line HE therapies may aid patient-provider discussions regarding expected benefits of HE treatments. We aimed to perform a systematic review to assess the effects of lactulose and rifaximin on patient-reported outcomes (PROs).

METHODS:
We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases for randomized trials or prospective cohort studies using lactulose and/or rifaximin for the management of HE and assessing changes in PRO using PRO instruments. Physician reviewers independently reviewed titles, abstracts, and full texts and extracted data independently. We performed random-effects meta-analyses to examine the effects of lactulose and rifaximin on PROs.

RESULTS:
We identified 16 studies representing 1,376 patients that met inclusion criteria. Most studies assessed treatment of covert HE. In patients with covert HE, lactulose significantly improved overall patient-reported health-related quality of life measured by the Sickness Impact Profile with an estimated pooled mean difference of 6.92 (95% confidence interval: 6.66–7.18) and showed improvements in several subscales. Conversely, rifaximin demonstrated a nonstatistically significant mean difference in the total Sickness Impact Profile of 4.76 (95% confidence interval: −4.23 to 13.76), with strong evidence of heterogeneity between these studies. Studies examining other PRO instruments showed improvements in overall health-related quality of life, social functioning, and sleep from both lactulose and rifaximin.

DISCUSSION:
Patients with HE treated with lactulose or rifaximin reported improvements in important PROs. These results may inform provider-patient communication and help manage patient expectations regarding the potential benefits of HE therapies.
COVID-19 Vaccine Effectiveness Against the Omicron Variant in a Veterans Affairs Cohort of Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Khan Nabeel , Mahmud Nadim 
Published: February 2023

INTRODUCTION:
With the advent of the Omicron variant, there are concerns about the efficacy of current vaccinations, especially among immunocompromised/immunosuppressed patients. Our aim was to determine the efficacy of the first booster dose against Omicron.

METHODS:
This was a retrospective cohort study using a well-established inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) cohort in the Veterans Health Administration. We followed patients on baseline IBD medications through the month of January 2022 during the Omicron COVID-19 wave and created adjusted models for vaccination and boosting effectiveness in reducing SARS-CoV-2 infection, hospitalization, and all-cause mortality.

RESULTS:
A total of 22,756 patients with IBD were included, of whom 34.9% had received a booster dose. During follow-up, 622 patients (2.7%) were diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection. In adjusted models, booster status was associated with a 30% reduced hazard of SARS-CoV-2 infection (hazard ratio 0.70 vs unvaccinated status, 95% confidence interval 0.56–0.88, P = 0.002), translating to 25.05% effectiveness. Boosted status was also significantly associated with reduced COVID-19 hospitalization (hazard ratio 0.35, 95% confidence interval 0.16–0.74, P = 0.006), demonstrating a 65.06% effectiveness in adjusted models. There was no significant association between vaccination status and all-cause mortality in adjusted models.

DISCUSSION:
The boosted state was associated with a lower risk of SARS-CoV-2 infections and COVID-19–related hospitalization. Efficacy was lower than what has been seen against previous variants and decreased with prolonged duration from the booster. These findings suggest that patients with IBD, especially those who are immunosuppressed, should consider getting a second booster as per Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommendations.
Withdrawal of Long-Term Nucleotide Analog Therapy in Chronic Hepatitis B: Outcomes From the Withdrawal Phase of the HBRN Immune Active Treatment Trial
Authors: Feld Jordan J. , Wahed Abdus S. , Fried Michael , Ghany Marc G. , Di Bisceglie Adrian M. , Perrillo Robert P. , Khalili Mandana , Yang Xue , Belle Steven H. , Janssen Harry L.A. , Terrault Norah , Lok Anna S. ,   for the Hepatitis B Research Network (HBRN)
Published: February 2023

INTRODUCTION:
Withdrawal of nucleos(t)ide analog therapy is increasingly being evaluated in chronic hepatitis B infection as a strategy to induce hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) loss. The Hepatitis B Research Network Immune-Active Trial evaluated treatment with tenofovir (TDF) for 4 years ± an initial 6 months of peginterferon-α (PegIFN) (NCT01369212) after which treatment was withdrawn.

METHODS:
Eligible participants (hepatitis B e antigen [HBeAg]−/anti-HBe+, hepatitis B virus [HBV] DNA <103 IU/mL, no cirrhosis) who discontinued TDF were followed for at least 1 year with optional follow-up thereafter. Retreatment was based on predefined criteria.

RESULTS:
Among 201 participants who received 4 years of treatment, 97 participants (45 TDF and 52 TDF + PegIFN arm, 79 Asian) discontinued TDF. HBsAg loss occurred in 5 participants, 2 within 25 weeks and 3 within 89–119 weeks postwithdrawal (cumulative rate 4.3% by 2 years). Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) flares (>5× upper limit of normal) after TDF withdrawal occurred in 36 (37.1%) participants and occurred more frequently and earlier in those HBeAg− compared with HBeAg+ at treatment initiation. ALT flares were associated with older age and higher HBV DNA pretreatment and at the visit before the flare. ALT flares were not significantly associated with HBsAg decline or loss but were associated with immune active disease at 1 year (70.6% vs 11.9%, P < 0.0001) and 2 years (66.7% vs 25.9%, P = 0.03) postwithdrawal. Treatment reinitiation was required in 13 (13.4%) participants, and 13 others remained in a sustained inactive carrier state by the end of the study follow-up. No criteria reliably predicted safe treatment withdrawal.

DISCUSSION:
Results from this trial do not support TDF withdrawal as a therapeutic strategy. HBsAg loss was infrequent within 2 years of stopping long-term TDF. If withdrawal is considered, HBV DNA should be carefully monitored with reinitiation of therapy if levels rise above 4 log10IU/mL to reduce the risk of ALT flares, as they were not associated with subsequent HBsAg decline or loss.
Has the Incidence of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Peaked? Evidence From the Population-Based NorDIBD Cohort 1978–2020
Authors: Larsen Lone , Karachalia Sandri Anastasia , Fallingborg Jan , Jacobsen Bent Ascanius , Jacobsen Henrik Albæk , Bøgsted Martin , Drewes Asbjørn Mohr , Jess Tine 
Published: February 2023

INTRODUCTION:
While the incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is rising globally, it has been suggested to stabilize in westernized countries, but this has not yet been shown in exhaustive and large cohorts. We generated an IBD cohort in North Denmark (NorDIBD) of 6,158 patients with IBD diagnosed from 1978 to 2020, based on all recorded and verified IBD diagnoses in the region. While describing the establishment of this cohort, we aimed to present the accurate incidence and prevalence of IBD over 4 decades.

METHODS:
The NorDIBD cohort covered all pediatric and adult patients with an IBD diagnosis dated between January 1, 1978, and December 31, 2020, and living in North Denmark, hence forming an unselected population-based patient cohort. IBD incidence rates between 1978 and 2020 and IBD point prevalences between 2003 and 2020 were calculated.

RESULTS:
We observed a 4-fold increase in the incidence of IBD from 11.5 per 100,000 persons (95% confidence interval [CI] 8.4–14.6) in the year 1978 to 51.3/100,000 (95% CI 45.5–57.1) in the year 2014, whereas in 2020, this rate stabilized. The overall prevalence of IBD more than doubled from 2003 to 2020, from 424 (95% CI 407–443) in 2003 to 872 (95% CI 849–896) IBD cases per 100,000 persons in 2020.

DISCUSSION:
Our population-based NorDIBD cohort suggests stabilizing of the incidence of IBD in Denmark, whereas the prevalence continues to rise. Because the data represent a 10% sample of the entire Danish IBD population, we believe that data can be extrapolated to the IBD population in general and used for healthcare planning.
Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Cholecystoenterostomy for Acute Hemorrhagic Cholecystitis Drainage
Authors: López-Marte Paola , Arroyo-Mercado Fray , Abbass Aamer , Mendoza-Ladd Antonio 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT
Hemorrhagic cholecystitis is a rare entity with few cases reported in the literature. We report a case of a 42-year-old man with cirrhosis who presented to the hospital with abdominal pain in the right upper quadrant radiating to the back. Computed tomography scan showed findings consistent with acute cholecystitis. Owing to decompensated cirrhosis, he was not a good candidate for cholecystectomy. Endoscopic ultrasound-guided cholecystoenterostomy was performed that immediately yielded a large amount of old blood with clots along with some bile consistent with acute hemorrhagic cholecystitis. After the drainage, he had an uneventful hospitalization.
OCLC WorldCat Identities: Ein ideales Instrument für die Einschätzung der Bedeutung eines wissenschaftlichen Gesamtwerkes?
Authors: Tausch Arno 
Published: February 2023

Zusammenfassung
In diesem Artikel soll gezeigt werden, dass Bibliothekar*innen heutzutage ein verlässliches Instrument in der Hand haben, um auf einen Blick den „Marktwert“ eines in Buchform publizierten wissenschaftlichen Gesamtwerkes einzuschätzen. Dieses hier diskutierte und getestete Instrument ist „WorldCat Identities“, ein frei zugängliches bibliometrisches Instrument von OCLC WorldCat, das heute in der szientometrischen und bibliometrischen Literatur schon als geeignete Messskala für den Einfluss eines Gesamtwerkes benutzt wird. Gerade für die Geisteswissenschaften und die kontinentaleuropäischen Sozialwissenschaften, wo Zeitschriftenaufsätze noch nicht jene überragende Rolle in der Einschätzung einer wissenschaftlichen Leistung spielen, bietet dieses System ungeahnte und für die Bibliothekswissenschaft strategische Möglichkeiten, sich bei der Objektivierung der Beurteilung der Bedeutung eines Gesamtwerkes einzubringen. Der Beitrag stellt allgemeine Aspekte des Systems „WorldCat Identities“ vor und diskutiert anschließend die Anwendung in der Politikwissenschaft. Grundlage ist ein Sample von über 100 habilitierten österreichischen Politikwissenschaftler*innen und Preisträger*innen des Skytte-Preises.
Jaguar density in the most threatened ecoregion of the Amazon
Authors: Mendonça Eloisa Neves , Albernaz Ana Luisa , Costa Lopes Alexandre Martins , Carvalho Elildo A. R. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Population parameters provide essential information for conservation efforts aimed at target species. We used the spatially explicit capture-recapture method to estimate the jaguar density and population size in the Gurupi Jaguar Conservation Unit (JCU), located in the most threatened ecoregion of the Amazon. The estimated density of 2.62 individuals/100 km2 in a continuous forest of over 10,000 km2 implies a small effective population size, underscoring the threat to the long-term viability of the Gurupi JCU’s jaguar population. We recommend urgent forest restoration actions to reduce fragmentation and improve connectivity between Gurupi JCU and other forest fragments to facilitate jaguar gene flow.
Technological advances in three-dimensional skin tissue engineering
Authors: Cai Runxuan , Gimenez-Camino Naroa , Xiao Ming , Bi Shuguang , DiVito Kyle A. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Tissue engineering is an enabling technology that can be used to repair, replace, and regenerate different types of biological tissues and holds great potential in various biomedical applications. As the first line of defense for the human body, the skin has a complex structure. When skin is injured by trauma or disease, the skin tissues may regenerate under natural conditions, though often resulting in irreversible and aesthetically unpleasant scarring. The development of skin tissue engineering strategies was reviewed. Although the traditional approaches to skin tissue engineering have made good progress, they are still unable to effectively deal with large-area injuries or produce full-thickness grafts. In vitro three-dimensional (3D) skin constructs are good skin equivalent substitutes and they have promoted many major innovative discoveries in biology and medicine. 3D skin manufacturing technology can be divided into two categories: scaffold-free and scaffold-based. The representatives of traditional scaffold-free approaches are transwell/Boyden chamber approach and organotypic 3D skin culture. Because of its low cost and high repeatability, the scaffold-free 3D skin model is currently commonly used for cytotoxicity analysis, cell biochemical analysis, and high-throughput cell function. At present, many drug experiments use artificial skin developed by traditional approaches to replace animal models. 3D bioprinting technology is a scaffold-based approach. As a novel tissue manufacturing technology, it can quickly design and build a multi-functional human skin model. This technology offers new opportunities to build tissues and organs layer by layer, and it is now used in regenerative medicine to meet the increasing need for tissues and organs suitable for transplantation. 3D bioprinting can generate skin substitutes with improved quality and high complexity for wound healing and in vitro disease modeling. In this review, we analyze different types of conventional techniques to engineer skin and compare them with 3D bioprinting. We also summarized different types of equipment, bioinks, and scaffolds used in 3D skin engineering. In these skin culture techniques, we focus on 3D skin bioprinting technology. While 3D bioprinting technology is still maturing and improvements to the techniques and protocols are required, this technology holds great promise in skin-related applications.
Effect of sintering temperature on re-distribution of cations, electronic structure and tuning of optical band gap and ferromagnetism in Mn0.1Co0.9Fe2O4 spinel ferrites
Authors: Abinaya Nandagopal , Charles Robert Muthaian , Kaviyapandimeena Kumaravel , Christuraj Paul Chinnappan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Manganese-ion doped cobalt ferrite with the composition Mn0.1Co0.9Fe2O4 was synthesized by the self-combustion method and sintered at 800 °C, 900 °C and 1000 °C, represented as MCF-800, MCF-900 and MCF-1000, respectively. X-ray methods observed a single-phase cubic spinel formation. XPS analysis revealed the distribution of Mn3+ and Mn2+ ions in the tetrahedral A and octahedral B sites. Optical absorption studies confirmed an energy bandgap of 1.2505 eV for the sample MCF-1000, corresponding to near IR absorption useful for catalytic and water-splitting applications. The VSM measurements revealed a maximum magnetization (Ms) of 79.612 emu/g for the sample MCF-1000. The maximum entropy method (MEM) electron density distribution studies revealed different strengths of electron density for the cation tetrahedral site A and octahedral site B depending on sintering temperature variation. The sample sintered at 1000 °C with the A–O covalent and B–O ionic bonds with mid-bond densities of 1.903 e/Å3 and 0.381 e/Å3 may be useful for ferromagnetic applications. The magnetic, optical, and electronic analyses confirm that the sample MCF-1000 may be best suited for low-cost catalytic, water splitting and ferrite applications.
Does Prematch Neuromuscular Performance Affect Running Performance in Collegiate Elite Female Soccer?
Authors: Ishida Ai , Draper Garrison , White Jason B. , Travis S. Kyle 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Ishida, A, Draper, G, White, JB, and Travis, SK. Does prematch neuromuscular performance affect running performance in collegiate elite female soccer? J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000–000, 2022—The purpose of this study was to investigate whether prematch neuromuscular performance affected match physical performance by player position in Division I collegiate female soccer. Fourteen players participated (20.7 ± 1.3 years; 165.1 ± 6.0 cm; 63.3 ± 7.0 kg) in this study. Players were selected based on being free from injuries, playing for a duration of ≥72 minutes, and match intervals were ≥2 days. Data included 73 observations (n = 5 defenders, n = 7 midfielders, and n = 2 forward) from 14 official matches. Prematch neuromuscular performance was assessed using countermovement jump (CMJ) with polyvinyl chloride pipe on dual force plates. Countermovement jump variables included jump height (JH) and relative peak power (RPP). Match physical performance included average speed, high-speed running (HSR), and number of high accelerations and decelerations. Linear mixed model was compiled with fixed effects of loaded with fixed effect of JH, RPP, and position and random effects per individual player. In CMJ and player position model, RPP was a significant predictor for average HSR (p = 0.003) while fixed effects of JH and position were not significant (p = 0.15–0.86). The fixed and random effects explained 34.8 and 42.1% of variances in average HSR. In CMJ-only model, RPP significantly predicted the variances in average HSR (p = 0.001). The fixed effects and random effects of the model explained 22.7 and 51.8% of the variance in average HSR. However, position-only was not a significant predictor for average HSR in the position-only model (p = 0.26 and 0.33). Prematch CMJ RPP may be the greatest predictor of average HSR in collegiate female soccer.
Testosterone and Cortisol Salivary Samples Are Stable Across Multiple Freeze-Thaw Cycles
Authors: Sontag Stephanie A. , Cabarkapa Dimitrije , Fry Andrew C. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Sontag, SA, Cabarkapa, D, and Fry, AC. Testosterone and cortisol salivary samples are stable across multiple freeze-thaw cycles. J Strength Cond Res 37(4): 915–918, 2023—When processing salivary samples for biomarker analysis, avoiding multiple freeze-thaw cycles is generally recommended. However, confusing tissue handling instructions or challenges with collections in the field sometimes makes this problematic. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine if the stability of salivary testosterone (T) and cortisol (C) hormones remains unchanged when exposed to multiple freeze-thaw cycles. Seven healthy recreationally active adults provided salivary samples at rest (i.e., 1600 hours) for analysis of T and C. Samples were separated into 4 aliquots for each hormone and underwent 4 freeze-thaw cycles (T1–T4 and C1–C4) before being analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The overall analysis of variance model was significant for T (p = 0.008) and nonsignificant for C (p = 0.820). A follow-up post hoc comparison indicated significant differences in salivary hormonal concentrations between T1 and T4 (p = 0.029), T2 and T4 (p = 0.007), and T3 and T4 (p = 0.032). The findings of this study indicate that salivary steroid hormones seem to be relatively stable following multiple freeze-thaw cycles. However, C seems to be more stable when exposed to multiple freeze-thaw cycles, as T concentrations did reveal a significant decrease by the fourth thaw cycle.
Comparison of Joint-Level Kinetics During Single-Leg and Double-Leg Weightlifting Derivatives
Authors: Hayashi Ryohei , Yoshida Takuya , Kariyama Yasushi 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Hayashi, R, Yoshida, T, and Kariyama, Y. Comparison of joint-level kinetics during single- and double-leg weightlifting derivatives. J Strength Cond Res 37(5): 1017–1022, 2023—Humans have different 3-dimensional biomechanical characteristics of the lower extremities during locomotion with one and both legs. These biomechanical characteristics may also be observed in the weightlifting derivatives. This study aimed to compare the 3-dimensional joint kinetics of the lower extremities during the single-leg hang power clean (SHPC) and double-leg hang power clean (DHPC). Ten male track and field athletes performed the SHPC and DHPC using external loads of 30, 60, and 90% of one repetition maximum (1RM). The 1RMs in SHPC and DHPC were measured separately, and the external loads at 30, 60, and 90% of the 1RM used were determined based on the different 1RMs in SHPC and DHPC. We calculated the joint moment and joint power of the SHPC and DHPC using a motion capture system and force platforms. The hip abduction moment and power of the SHPC were significantly greater than those of the DHPC under all external loads (p < 0.05). In addition, ankle joint moment at all external loads and joint power at 90% of 1RM was greater for SHPC than for DHPC (p < 0.05). Furthermore, although hip (extension-flexion) and ankle joint kinetics in SHPC and DHPC showed similar load dependence, hip abduction axis kinetics was not load dependent. These results suggest that the hip (abduction-adduction) and ankle joint kinetics in SHPC are greater than in DHPC, but hip (abduction-abduction) kinetics in SHPC is not load independent.
Influence of Upper-Extremity and Lower-Extremity Resistance Exercise on Segmental Body Composition and Body Fluid Estimates
Authors: Rodriguez Christian , Florez Christine M. , Prather Jessica , Zaragoza Javier , Tinnin Matthias , Brennan Kindyle L. , Taylor Lem , Tinsley Grant M. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Rodriguez, C, Florez, CM, Prather, J, Zaragoza, J, Tinnin, M, Brennan, KL, Taylor, L, and Tinsley, GM. Influence of upper-extremity and lower-extremity resistance exercise on segmental body composition and body fluid estimates. J Strength Cond Res 37(5): 1042–1051, 2023—The purpose of this analysis was to determine if acute, localized resistance exercise (RE) artificially influences total and regional estimates of body composition from dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). Recreationally active male (n = 14) and female (n = 18) subjects completed 3 testing visits: rest (R), upper-extremity RE (U), and lower-extremity RE (L). Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scans were completed before exercise and 60 minutes after exercise. Bioelectrical impedance analysis was completed immediately before and after exercise and at 15, 30, and 60 minutes after exercise. Subjects were not allowed to intake fluid during the exercise session or during the postexercise assessment period. The effects of the acute RE session on DXA and BIA estimates were analyzed using linear mixed-effects models with a random intercept for subject. Condition by time interactions were observed for most BIA outcomes. Relative to the reference model (i.e., R condition at baseline), total body water and fat-free mass estimates were, on average, approximately 1 and approximately 1.2 kg higher, in the U condition. In contrast, lower-extremity RE exerted little or no impact on most BIA variables. Some DXA estimates exhibited time main effects, but the magnitude of changes was negligible. An acute bout of localized RE, particularly upper-extremity RE, can artificially influence BIA body fluid and composition estimates, whereas DXA may be robust to the acute biological error introduced by RE. Although body composition assessments should ideally be conducted under standardized conditions, DXA may be suitable in less standardized situations. In addition, BIA is differentially influenced by upper-extremity and lower-extremity resistance exercise.