bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Global in Spirit”: Deep Reading Transgenre
Authors: Shahani Nishant 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In this article, I theorize the notion of “transgenre” in which “trans” indexes multiple possibilities: i.e., an analysis of transgender cultural production through the more explicitly mediated logics of transnational racial capitalism. To ground these investments, I read the Netflix show Sense8 as a cultural text that mines these multiple meanings of “trans.” My analysis suggests that the show's investment in corporeal transgression shimmers over geographical surfaces, offering an understanding of trans aesthetics that elides over geopolitical and racial difference. Thus, the article proposes a deep reading of Sense8 (and transgenres) to understand “trans*” beyond the visual aesthetics of polyphony and boundary transgression. It considers the material conditions that subtend “trans*” in order to render it a more capacious category—one that does not simply gloss over difference, but functions as a way to track the overlaps among racial, transnational, and queer formations.
Quo Vadis UUD 1945: Refleksi 67 Tahun Indonesia Berkonstitusi
Authors: Basuki Udiyo 
Published: February 2023

For the modern state, the constitution must be understood as a development concept. The constitution can not be viewed as a static document, but it lives and grows as the basic principle of the state organization that always followes the developments and dynamics of society. The constitution was born from constitutionalism which provides limits of state power in one side and guarantee for the rights of people through constitutional provisions in another side. During 67 years of Indonesia’s independence,the constitution give the color in the organization of state administration. Many important events woven in 3 (three) constitutions in this period, namely the Constitution of 1945, the Constitution of 1949 United Republik of Indonesia and Provisional Constitution of 1950. Departing of the view that the constitution should follow the development and dynamics of society, this paper will explore the journey of life about the constitution of the early independence to this present era. For a dynamic society, creation of awareness constitution is very important, because the constitutional talks in the future will increasingly contentious and polemical as in previous years.
Problematika Pemekaran Daerah Pasca Reformasi di Indonesia
Authors: Santoso Lukman 
Published: February 2023

One of logical consequence of political decentralization policy of regional autonomy is a phenomenon of regional expansion or establishment of new autonomous regions/new autonomous region (DOB). The Government specifically regulates theregional expansion through UU No. 22 Tahun 1999 which was subsequently revised by UU No. 32 Tahun 2004 on Regional Government. The Act provides opportunities in local formation of NKRI based on considerations of economic capacity, potential regional, social cultural, social political, population, area, and other considerations that allow the implementation of regional autonomy that is technically governed by PP No. 129 Tahun 2000 jo PP No. 78 Tahun 2007. Originally, regional expansion has a positive impact of democratization, the growth of new centers, the approach to the public service, ease of building and maintaining facilities and infrastructure, the growth of new jobs, and the motivation of the development of regional innovation and creativity. However, the implementation turned out to be a dominant political factor in the process of regional enlargement. So regional expansion policy in the era of reform have failed, being unable to answer the question of welfare and communityservices. The cause of this failure is the existence of political interests from the local political elites and legislators. In ddition, the regional expansion also cause spatial conflicts. To overcome these problems, several steps need to be assertive, namely, First, the government should immediately setting up the law on grand design the arrangement of regions in Indonesia. Second, there must be strict regulations to regulate the proposedexpansion area. Third, the government should be able to ensure that every member of society, including in areas that are geographically hard to reach still able to get thepublic services they need. Fourth, the government also has to ensure that the allocation of development funds (either through the state budget and regional budget) can betransferred in a transparent and accountable to its lowest level in the area in a fair and proportional way
Tinjauan Yuridis Hak dan Kewajiban Pasien Sebagai Konsumen dalam Pelayanan Medis
Authors: Kusumaningrum Anggraeni Endah 
Published: February 2023

Health as one of essential human alongside clothing, food and board. Humanlife become without meaning if sick because human that is sick can never be able to make activity daily favorably. Therefore every sick or patient sure need treatment and doctor's surgery so that oneself again. A relationship between doctor and patient cause therapeutic transaction namely something transaction or agreement to determine therapy or providing service healing. With the existence of therapeutic transaction so have rightsand obligation to both that should be protected. Such as those which organized in UU.Number 8 Years 1999 about Protection consumer UU Number 36 Year 2009 aboutHealth as well as Nomor Law 29 Yerar 2004 about Practicality Medical.
Spiritualitas Islam dan Gerakan Politik Ingkar NKRI (Studi terhadap Gerakan Politik HT di Indonesia)
Authors: Triantini Zusiana Elly Elly 
Published: February 2023

The presence of Reformation Order in Indonesia bears new Islamic spirituality in various forms,and one of them is the born of Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia (HTI) which represents Hizbut Tahrir (HT) in the Middle East. The members claim that HTI is an ideological political party which is based on Islamic doctrines and its dakwa is based on the obligation to uphold khila>fah Isla>miyah supported by fikrah (idea) as a means for change. This group has issued some controversial fruits of ijtihads on politics which lead to pro and con among the debate on the discourse of upholding democracy in Indonesia. They reject historical interpretation. If they admit explanation on when,where and background of quranic verses, they will stop on textual understanding. Eventssurrounding the revelation of verses are only understood as historical background which should be adopted and duplicated into our modern live. The verse cannot be interpreted outof the text. There is no critique on previous understandings. They interpret the text anddisregard previous interpretation. These paper is presented simply affirms that new islamic spirituality in Indonesia has many influences to NKRI.
Fikih NKRI: Landasan Berkonstitusi Bagi Umat di Indonesia
Authors: Tahir Masnun 
Published: February 2023

Muslim constitute the overwhelming majority of Indonesia’s population. The Islamic law in Indonesia has evolved from time to time in line with the demands of the changing history. Recently, and during the era of reformasi –it is commonly known sothe Islamic law has been progressively positivised. By this we mean the dynamics within which the Islamic law has the ability to respond to the new situation that requires the re-thinking of someof its dictums. The role of the government has equally been good; it is completely supportive of this process. This shift in direction taken by Islamic law is due to the fact that the colonial law in the country has become rotten. It is no longer able to deal with the ever-changing situations of this Muslim-majority country. This paper discusses this historic turn, and embarks on the debate concerning the advantages of the Islamic law for a Muslim country like Indonesia.Several Islamic countries have attempted to write constitutions which are basedon the principles of the fikih (syari’ah) and, at the same time, they have borrowed procedural forms from Western constitutionalism. However, combining two different systems in a constitution is not an easy task. It is possible that there are some compromising and even conflicting views and values. This leads to the first question addressed in the thesis: Is fikih compatible with the principles and procedural form of constitutionalism?
Independent Agencies dalam Struktur Ketatanegaraan Republik Indonesia
Authors: Jazuly Syukron 
Published: February 2023

This research studies theoretical construction of independent agencies in constitutional structure of Republic of Indonesia, and aims at researching and positioning its theoretical construction, characteristics, and also the forms of its checks and balances towards the original three branches.This normative legal research combines perspectives of conceptual approach, as well as statutory, comparative, and historical ones, in which the implementation conducted accordingly by need.By using the various theories created by some classical and contemporary theorists in term of independent agencies, and limitation of powers themes, as it has been implemented in constitutional law practice and revised in theoretical perspective, the result of this study shows independent agencies are a different branch of government, compare to the conception of Montesquieu’s trias politica. Indonesian constitutional lawpractice attracts fact about an existence of a different branch of government, where it is referred to as the independent agencies. As a new type of separation of power, theoretical construction of independent agencies could be referred to as "The New Separation of Power."The result of this study also shows independent agencies existance in constitutional structure of Republic of Indonesia is still be placed under primary state agencies, and considered as auxiliary state agencies.
Pernikahan Dini Di Kecamatan Juntinyuat Kabupaten Indramayu Tahun 2015 – 2016
Authors: Amri Zaenal 
Published: February 2023

Law number 1 of 1974 has governed marriage rules in Indonesia. The marriedage limit for 19-year-old and 16-year-old girls. But the reality in the field thereare still people who do underage marriage. Indramayu district had become one ofthe District with the largest number of early marriages in West Java Province,the PTA West Java recorded in 2015 in Indramayu district reached 450, in2016 as many as 347. Juntinyuat District is one area in Indramayu thatextends on the coast North and East Indramayu District. The formulation ofthe problem in this study about, what are the factors causing Early Marriage inDistrict Juntinyuat, what the efforts of the KUA and related Instantsi partiesin order to minimize and even prevent Early Marriage in Juntinyuat District,and how the sociology of Islamic law against the factors and efforts to preventmarriage early in Juntinyuat District, Indramayu District. Law seen from theperspective of sociology, law and enforcer can not be released with the object orsociety correlation that will not be separated, other than because society is the object, sociology perspective considers that effective law is the law that lives in society.
Urgensi Pengesahan RUU PKS Terhadap Instrumen Penegakan Hak Asasi Perempuan
Authors: Subarkah Alfianita Atiq Junaelis , Tobroni Faiq 
Published: February 2023

Kekerasan terhadap perempuan merupakan salah satu bentuk pelanggaran hak-hak asasi yang dimiliki perempuan sebagai seorang manusia. Berbagai bentuk kekerasan kepada perempuan terus berkembang dalam kehidupan masyarakat, dari mulai kekerasan luring yang memerlukan kontak fisik hingga kekerasan daring melalui media virtual. Penegakan hak asasi perempuan tentulah harus dilaksanakan sesuai dengan amanat Deklarasi Universal Hak Asasi Manusia yang tidak membolehkan adanya diskriminasi pada suatu kaum tertentu. Hal inilah yang kemudian membuat masyarakat mendorong pemerintah untuk menetapkan suatu Undang-Undang yang dapat berlaku secara luas dalam rangka menghapuskan berbagai macam kekerasan. Rancangan UndangUndang Penghapusan Kekerasan Seksual telah berulang kali masuk dalam Program Legislasi Nasional, tetapi hingga kini belum terbentuk suatu Undang-Undang yang sah sebagai tonggak penegakan keadilan yang akan menjadi dasar dalam memberikan sanksi pada pelaku kekerasan seksual dan juga memberikan perlindungan kepada korban. Oleh karenanya, penting untuk mengesahkan RUU Penghapusan Kekerasan Seksual ini agar dapat menekan maraknya kekerasan yang terjadi terhadap perempuan.
Zakat "Instumen Kesejahteraan Ummat"
Authors: Nurhidayatuloh Nurhidayatuloh 
Published: February 2023

Manusia dicitakan sebagai makhuk sempurna karena memiliki akal sehingga dikenai pertanggung jawaban atas apa yang diperbuatnya, baik pertanggung jawaban di dunia maupun pertanggung jawaban di akhirat. Salah satu kewajiban manusia dalam rukun islam adalah mengeluarkan zakat dengan kuailfikasi tertentu. Muzakki (orang yang berkewajiban mengeluarkan zakat), memiliki peranan besar dalam mensukseskan jalannya hak dan kewajiban dalam regulasi zakat di masyarakat. Mustahik (orang yang berhak menerima zakat) memiliki peran yang besar pula agar dana zakat yang dikeluarkan oleh muzakki tepat sasaran sesuai dengan tujuannya (produktif).Makhluk sosial, sifat yang mendasari manusia karena tidak bisa hidup tanpa manusia lainnya memiliki hubungan yang menarik. Zakat yang telah diatur dalam hukum Islam menjadi bukti bahwa sesungguhnya manusia tidak boleh hanya mementingkan diri sendiri melainkan harus mempertimbangkan kepentingan orang lain. Kewajiban mengeluarkan zakat bagi yang mampu bukan tidak memiliki landasan. Salah satu adanya zakat karena dirasa masih adanya golongan tertentu dari klasifikasi perekonomian masyarakat.Pemberian zakat tunai yang dikeluarkan banyak berdampak psikologis. Kebiasaan yang dilakukan akan menjadikan budaya dan habit yang tidak baik tentunya. Budaya pemberi dan penerima zakat dalam hal konsumtif jangka pendek harus dirubah pola peruntukannya. Ketika seseorang diberi ikan untuk di makan, akan berbeda dampak jangka panjangnya dengan seseorang diberi bibit ikan untuk dibudidayakan. Mustahik mempunyai hak sepenuhnya atas harta yang mereka dapatkan, akan tetapi pengelolaan dana tersebut akan mudah habis ketika digunakan untuk konsumtif. Peran pesantren dalam merubah stigma masyarakat sangat dibutuhkan demi tercapainya tujuan syariat sesuai koridornya.Kata kunci: zakat, instrumen, kesejahteraan, ummat
The discovery of a new type of innervation in lymphoid organs
Authors: Wu Kaiyun , Li Ruixi , Zhang Yanlin , Liu YanMei , Wang MinChen , Huang Jinyu , Zhu Changlai , Zhang Jianping , Yuan Xiangshan , Liu Qingqing 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIt is well known that the main forms of innervation are synapses and free nerve endings, while other forms of innervation have not been reported. Here, we explore a new way of innervating lymphoid organs. Male Sprague‐Dawley rats were used for studying the innervation of sympathetic nerve fibers in lymph nodes by means of anterograde tracking, immunoelectron microscopy, three‐dimension reconstruction analysis, and immunofluorescence labeling. The results showed that the Fluoro‐Ruby labeled nerve endings targeted only a group of cells in the lymph nodes and entered the cells through the plasma membrane. The electron microscopy showed that the biotinylated glucan amine reaction elements were distributed in the cytoplasm, and most of the biotinylated glucan amine active elements were concentrated on the microtubule and microfilament walls. Birbeck particles with rod‐shaped and/or tennis racket like structures can be seen in the labeled cells at high magnification, and Birbeck particles contain biotinylated glucan amine‐reactive elements. The immunofluoresence results showed that the Fluoro‐Ruby‐labeled nerve innervating cells expressed CD207 and CD1a protein. This result confirmed that the labeled cells were Langerhans cells. Our findings suggested that Langerhans cells might serve as a “bridge cell” for neuroimmune cross‐talking in lymph organs, which play an important role in transmitting signals of the nervous system to immune system. This study also opened up a new way for further study of immune regulation mechanism.
Effect of exercise‐induced bronchoconstriction on the configuration of the maximal expiratory flow‐volume curve in adults with asthma
Authors: Klimenko Oksana , Luu Peter , Dominelli Paolo , Noggle Nathan , Petrics Gregory , Haverkamp Hans Christian 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe determined the effect of exercise‐induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) on the shape of the maximal expiratory flow‐volume (MEFV) curve in asthmatic adults. The slope‐ratio index (SR) was used to quantitate the shape of the MEFV curve. We hypothesized that EIB would be accompanied by increases in SR and thus increased curvilinearity of the MEFV curve. Adult asthmatic ( n = 10) and non‐asthmatic control subjects ( n = 9) cycled for 6–8 min at 85% of peak power. Following exercise, subjects remained on the ergometer and performed a maximal forced exhalation every 2 min for a total 20 min. In each MEFV curve, the slope‐ratio index (SR) was calculated in 1% volume increments beginning at peak expiratory flow (PEF) and ending at 20% of forced vital capacity (FVC). Baseline spirometry was lower in asthmatics compared to control subjects (FEV1% predicted, 89.1 ± 14.3 vs. 96.5 ± 12.2% [SD] in asthma vs. control; p < 0.05). In asthmatic subjects, post‐exercise FEV1 decreased by 29.9 ± 13.2% from baseline (3.48 ± 0.74 and 2.24 ± 0.59 [SD] L for baseline and post‐exercise nadir; p < 0.001). At baseline and at all timepoints after exercise, average SR between 80 and 20% of FVC was larger in asthmatic than control subjects (1.48 ± 0.02 vs. 1.23 ± 0.02 [SD] for asthma vs. control; p < 0.005). This averaged SR did not change after exercise in either subject group. In contrast, post‐exercise SR between PEF and 75% of FVC was increased from baseline in subjects with asthma, suggesting that airway caliber heterogeneity increases with EIB. These findings suggest that the SR‐index might provide useful information on the physiology of acute airway narrowing that complements traditional spirometric measures.
Radiation dosimeter and charge detector onboard BeiDou navigation satellites in MEO
Authors: Sun Ying , Zhang Shenyi , Shen Guohong , Quan Lin , Chang Zheng , Tian Chao , Jing Tao , Zhang Huanxin , Ding Jianjing , Yuan Bin , Zhang Binquan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The orbit of BeiDou satellite system is a very ideal space environment monitoring area. The radiation dosimeters are present on this series of navigation satellites, and they are respectively installed in the x, y and z positions. A charge detector installed in the satellite cabin is used for monitoring satellite deep charging potential. Radiation dosimeters select the 100 nm P-channel metal oxide semiconductor (PMOS) sensors, whose monitoring range can reach 2 × 106 rad (Si). In the circuit design part, the “zero temperature coefficient” current of the PMOS is used as the constant current source for measuring, which effectively reduces the influence of temperature effect. Three radiation dosimeters realize the daily dose change monitoring during the satellite’s operation, and the detection accuracy is high. The deep charging potential sensor adopts the equivalent capacitor design which is composed of the outer optical quartz glass and the inner circular gold-plate. The two kinds of detection instruments have the characteristics of small volume, low power consumption and high detection accuracy. The detection results show that they have important application value for space environment prediction and guarantee.
The Individual Social Account as a Platform for Citizen Interaction with Government
Authors: Swanson E. Burton 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In this brief paper, offered as a policy viewpoint, I introduce what I believe to be a novel concept for supporting individual citizen interaction with the U.S. Federal government, termed the individual social account. I explore whether and how the concept might be implemented so as to strengthen the U.S. social safety net and further citizen trust and responsibility in e-government interactions. I illustrate and develop the concept as a platform for reform and suggest and discuss design criteria, surfacing various issues. I conclude with additional thoughts with which to stimulate further research and discussion of the concept and its practicalities.
A More Socio-Environmentally Responsive Way to Organise the Firm? A Case Study on Danish Social Enterprise Law
Authors: Liptrap J. S. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

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It has been claimed that social enterprises have the capacity to counteract the negative impact that business has had on the environment, inequality and social cohesion. Yet, such claims remain largely untested – commentators have not attempted to actually apply insights from the social enterprise law context to debates within the wider field of corporate governance. A primary reason for this inconsistency is that, from a European perspective, there is a dearth of scholarship that aims to analytically model social enterprise law. This is problematic because there is not an established body of work from which commentators can draw. In turn, the scope for effectively leveraging social enterprise law within more mainstream corporate sustainability discourses is hindered. This article contributes an analytical model of Danish social enterprise law to the literature. The hope is that this case study will encourage, and equip, commentators to not only claim that social enterprise law has applicability in progressive corporate reform debates, but to also show directly how, and where, this might be so.
A New Start for the European Private Company: The Draft Statute for a “Société Européenne Simplifiée” (SES)
Authors: Verse Dirk A. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

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In February 2021, an international group of experts under the auspices of the French lawyers’ association Henri Capitant published a draft statute for a “European Simplified Company” (Société Européenne Simplifiée, SES). The draft intends no less than to revive the idea of a European Private Company (SPE), albeit in a modified manner. Unlike the SPE proposal, the SES initiative does not exclusively aim at adopting an EU regulation under Art. 352 TFEU that requires the consent of all 27 Member States. Instead, it is open for alternatives to EU-wide regulation, be it by way of enhanced cooperation under Art. 20 TEU or an international treaty between the interested Member States. In June 2021, the SES initiative gained the support of the Franco-German Parliamentary Assembly calling on the French and German governments to intensify their efforts in working towards a supra-national private company on the basis of the SES proposal.It is against this background that the present article seeks to analyse the objectives and main features of the Draft SES Statute. In the author’s view, the SES initiative should be welcomed as it seeks to fill an evident gap in the existing EU company law framework. The paper concludes that, despite several concerns that still need to be addressed, the Association Henri Capitant’s Draft SES Statute provides a solid and suitable basis for the consultations to come.
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