bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Viscosity for Eight Gaseous and Vapor Mixtures: Revisited from Experiment between 297 K and 638 K. Final and Preliminary Values for the Interaction Viscosity and for the Product of Molar Density and Diffusion Coefficient in the Limit of Zero Density
Authors: Vogel Eckhard 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Low-density viscosity measurements on eight gaseous and vapor mixtures between 297 K and 638 K, originally performed using oscillating-disk viscometers, were re-evaluated after improved re-calibration. The relative combined expanded (k=2) uncertainty of the re-evaluated data is 0.2 % near room temperature and increases to 0.3 % at higher temperatures. The re-evaluated data were converted into quasi-isothermal viscosity data. Those for carbon dioxide-ethane, propane-isobutane, and methanol-triethylamine could be used to determine the zero-density and initial density viscosities, etamix(0) and etamix(1). The etamix(0) data for carbon dioxide-ethane agree almost perfectly with viscosity values theoretically computed for the nonspherical potential of the intermolecular interaction. Three procedures were applied to determine the interaction viscosity, etaij(0), and the product of molar density and diffusion, (rho Dij)(0), both in the limit of zero density. In a first procedure only applicable for the three mentioned mixtures, etaij(0) values were derived from the etamix(0) data additionally requiring Aijast values (ratio between effective cross sections of viscosity and diffusion). This procedure should provide the best results when it is possible to use Aijast values computed for the nonspherical potential. This was only feasible for carbon dioxide-ethane, for which the experimentally based etaij(0) and (rho Dij)(0) data perfectly agree with theoretically calculated values. For the seven other mixtures, the resulting data represent only preliminary ones. The second and third procedures were applied to the six vapor mixtures methanol with triethylamine, benzene, and cyclohexane and benzene with toluene, p-xylene, and phenol. The resulting data showed a density dependence and were extrapolated to zero density.
Mobility of trace elements underneath irrigated agricultural fields: implication of dryland soil and water quality along the Rio Grande Valley
Authors: Sosa Emmanuel , Ma Lin , Engle Mark , Jin Lixin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Trace elements are loaded to agricultural soils through irrigation, application of pesticides and fertilizers, potentially deteriorating soil quality, and contaminating underlying groundwater resources. In western Texas along the Rio Grande valley, cropland is developed on floodplain sediments of different particle sizes, where intensive irrigation mobilizes the salts, nutrients and trace elements from the agricultural fields. This study focuses on seven trace elements (As, Pb, P, Zn, V, B, and Fe) in soils and natural waters at a pecan orchard in Tornillo, Texas, to understand their geochemical behaviors and toxicity. Soluble forms of these trace elements were predominantly loaded onto soils through irrigation water. Soil amendments also contributed, and were important sources for nutrients Zn and P. Trace element sequestration was examined through sequential extraction, and the acid leachable fractions of soil samples contained much higher concentrations than water leachable salt fractions, suggesting co-precipitation with secondary carbonate and Al/Fe oxyhydroxide phases. Solubility of V and Fe are controlled by redox conditions, and dictated by flood irrigation events and thus fluctuations in groundwater table. Above soils of finer particles, where water infiltration is limited, and salts and pedogenic carbonates mostly accumulate, trace elements also become concentrated, without draining to the shallow groundwater and drainage canals. The trace element concentrations in shallow groundwaters were variable, but generally much lower for P and much higher for Zn than those in irrigation waters or soil waters. Natural soils have surprisingly high concentrations of trace elements, even more so than some agricultural soils, probably due to movement of solutes from shallow groundwaters via the capillary force over much longer timescales under dryland conditions. This interpretation is supported by the finer particle sizes observed at the bottom of the natural soil core. Our study highlights that irrigation has modified the water dynamics, the geochemical conditions, and thus the mobility versus retention of trace elements in soils.
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and belowground herbivore interact to determine plant productivity and subsequent conspecifics performance by changing plant metabolites
Authors: Wang Dingli , Pan Mengqin , Biere Arjen , Ding Jianqing 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Insect herbivores and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) often occur simultaneously on a host plant, altering plant morphological and biochemical traits and thereby not only affecting each other’s performance, but also plant interactions with subsequent above- or belowground herbivores. Here, we investigate the combined effects of AMF and above- and belowground herbivory on plant productivity and performance of subsequent above- and belowground herbivores. We conducted a 3×2 full-factorial experiment with three factors of ‘Herbivory (no herbivory, leaf herbivory, and tuber herbivory) and two factors of ‘AMF inoculation’ (no AMF inoculation and AMF inoculation) in the tuber-plant, potato (Solanum tuberosum). We showed that both AMF and tuber herbivory increased tuber biomass and tuber primary metabolites (protein, starch). Tuber herbivory reduced the performance of subsequent conspecifics feeding on leaves potentially via increased leaf levels of phenolics, α-solanine and α-chaconine. By contrast, it increased the performance of subsequent conspecifics feeding on tubers potentially via increased protein, however, only in plants inoculated with AMF. This indicates that the belowground facilitation among conspecific insects was contingent upon the presence of AMF. Leaf herbivory did not affect subsequent above- or belowground insect performance. These feedings improve our understanding of the ecological consequences of antagonists and mutualists interactions mediated by phytochemistry, especially for agroecosystems.
Green and low-cost synthesis of N and P double doped porous carbon derived from Sonchus arvensis L for simultaneous electrochemical detection of ascorbic acid, dopamine and uric acid
Authors: Sun Qiaoqian , Liang Xiaolong , Liu Zuohua , Li Gong , Zhang Yijiao , Jin Siwei , Pu Hongchen , Yin Miao , Yu Jinyin , Yan Wanying , Fa Huanbao , Yin Wei 
Published: February 2023

AbstractN and P double doped porous carbon derived from Sonchus arvensis L at different carbonization temperatures (700 °C, 800 °C and 900 °C) were prepared by a simple one-step activation pyrolysis for the simultaneous electrochemical detection of AA, DA and UA. Compared with SaL-700 and SaL-900, the Sal-800 show excellent electrochemical sensing ability. Therefore, further electrochemical sensing studies were carried out by using SaL-800. The linear range of AA was 200-6000 μM., the sensitivity was 0.06 μA·μM-1·cm-2, and the detection limit was 76 μM (S/N=3). The sensitivity of DA was 9.81 μA·μM-1·cm-2(0.5-20 μM) and 39.69 μA·μM-1·cm-2(20-90 μM), and the detection limit was 0.11 μM (S/N=3). The sensitivity of UA was 0.81 μA·μM-1·cm-2(10-100 μM) and 4.05 μA·μM-1·cm-2(100-900 μM), and the detection limit was 2.70 μM (S/N=3). In addition, satisfactory results have been obtained for the determination of AA, DA and UA in normal human serum, which provides a new research direction for the construction of electrochemical sensors in the future.
Combining local cryoablation with PD-L1 blockade synergistically eradicates established murine lung cancer by modulating mitochondrial in PD-1+CD8+ T cell
Authors: Zhai Jia-Wei , Lv Lei-lei , Wu Jia-juan , Zhang Yao-xin , Shen Yu , Qu Qiu-xia , Chen Cheng 
Published: February 2023

AbstractImmune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has shown improvement in overall survival for lung cancer in clinical trials. However, monotherapies have limited efficacy in improving outcomes and benefit only a subset of patients. Combination therapies targeting multiple pathways can augment an immune response to improve survival further. Here, we demonstrate that combinatorial anti-PD-L1/cryoablation therapy generated a synergistic antitumor activity in the established lung cancer model. Importantly, it was observed that this favorable antitumor immune response comes predominantly from the PD-1 + CD8 + T cells generated after the combination therapy, referred as improvement of IFN-γ production and mitochondrial metabolism, which resembled highly functional effectors CD8 + T cells. Notably, the cellular levels of mitochondrial reactive oxygen and membrane potential excessively coincided with alteration of IFN-γ secretion in PD-1 + CD8 + T subset. So far, anti-PD-L1/cryoablation therapy selectively derived the improvement of depolarized mitochondria in PD-1 + CD8 + T cell subset, subsequently rebuild the anti-tumor function of the exhausted CD8 + T cells. Collectively, there is considerable interest in anti-PD-L1 plus cryoablation combination therapy for patients with lung cancer, and defining the underlying mechanisms of the observed synergy.
Exosome-transmitted FOSL1 from cancer-associated fibroblasts drives colorectal cancer stemness and chemoresistance through transcriptionally activating ITGB4
Authors: Lin Shanshan , Zhu Bo 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) have been proved to facilitate colorectal cancer (CRC) development, either with boosting chemo-resistance by communicating with CRC cells in the tumor microenvironment. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain largely unclear.
Methods
Relative expressions of FOSL1 and ITGB4, either with their correlations in CRC tissues were assessed using qRT-PCR analysis. Also, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was employed for evaluating the prognosis. Identification of CAFs was determined by the detection of specific makers (α-SMA, FAP, and FSP1) using western blot and immunofluorescence staining. Cell proliferation, self-renewal capacity and cell apoptosis were estimated by CCK-8, sphere-formation and flow cytometry assays. Transcriptional regulation of FOSL1 on integrin β4 (ITGB4) was confirmed using ChIP and dual-luciferase reporter assays.
Results
Increased FOSL1 and ITGB4 in CRC tissues was both positively correlated with poor prognosis of CRC patients. Interestingly, FOSL1 was enriched in the CAFs isolated from CRC stroma, instead of ITGB4. Co-culture CRC cells with CAFs-conditioned medium (CAFs-CM) increased FOSL1 expression, promoted cell proliferation and oxaliplatin resistance, these effects could be blocked by exosome inhibitor (GW4869). Under the treatment of CAFs-derived exosomal FOSL1, CRC cells exhibited stronger proliferative ability and oxaliplatin resistance.
Conclusion
Our results uncovered that CAFs-derived exosomes could transfer FOSL1 to CRC cells, thereby promoting CRC cell proliferation, stemness, and oxaliplatin resistance by transcriptionally activating ITGB4.
A New ANN Technique for Short-Term Wind Speed Forecasting Based on SCADA System Data in Turkey
Authors: Reja R. K. , Amin Ruhul , Tasneem Zinat , Abhi Sarafat Hussain , Ali Md. Firoj , Badal Md. Faisal Rahman 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The restored interest now receives renewable energy due to the global decline in greenhouse gas emanations and fossil fuel combustion. The fasted growing energy source, wind energy generation, is recognized as a clean energy source that has grown fast and is used extensively in wind power-producing facilities. This study’s short-term wind speed estimations are made using a multivariate model based on an artificial neural network (ANN) that combines several local measurements, including wind speed, wind direction, LV active power, and theoretical power curve. The dataset was received from Turkey’s SCADA system at 10-minute intervals, and the actual data validated the expected performance. The research took wind speed into account as an input parameter and created a multivariate model. To perform prediction outcomes on time series data, an algorithm such as an artificial neural network (ANN) is utilized. The experiment verdicts reveal that the ANN algorithm produces reliable predicting results when metrics like MSE and RMSE are considered.
Comparison of electromagnetically impacted and electromagnetic forming limit curves for AA5182-O aluminum alloy sheet
Authors: Liu Wei , Wu Jinjie , Liu Jili , Meng Zhenghua , Li Jiaqi , Huang Shangyu 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The strain paths of electromagnetic forming limit curve are usually limited due to the restricted design of coil, die or workpiece. The electromagnetically impacted Nakazima experiment was suggested to obtain the high speed forming limit curve of AA5182-O aluminum alloy sheet. The hemispherical punch was pushed by the drive plate with the Lorentz forces to impact the workpiece. The cross section method was used to determine the experimental limit strains of workpieces. The electromagnetic and mechanical fields were sequentially coupled for numerical simulation of the electromagnetically impacted Nakazima experiment, and the equivalent plastic strain increment ratios of the necking and safe zones were calculated to determine the simulated limit strains. A series of linear strain paths were attained to contain the uniaxial tension to biaxial tension states. The experimental and simulated forming limit curves showed good agreement to validate the electromagnetically impacted Nakazima experiment. The electromagnetically impacted forming limit curve was compared with the quasi-static and electromagnetic forming limit curves. Although the electromagnetically impacted forming limit curve is lower than the electromagnetic one, it is higher than the quasi-static one.
Fragrance compounds analysis of chrysanthemum
Authors: Wang Zhiling , Zhao Xin , Tang Xiaowei , Yuan Yixin , Xiang Mengxia , Xu Yanjie , Hong Bo , Gu Zhaoyu 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Chrysanthemum morifolium is one of the four major cut flowers in the world and has important ornamental and economic value. Flower fragrance is an important ornamental character of chrysanthemum, especially for tea and edible chrysanthemum, and the excellent fragrance determines its commercial value. At present, however, chrysanthemum is mostly chrysanthemum fragrance and medicinal fragrance, and the research on chrysanthemum flower fragrance mainly focuses on the composition and content of fragrancetic substances, and there is no clear classification of fragrance types. Here, we divided chrysanthemum fragrance into six categories by sensory evaluation, and detected the fragrance components and contents of every representative chrysanthemum with different fragrance types by GC-MS. In addition, we analyzed the genetic conservative substances of fruity fragrance chrysanthemum with multi-functional development potential, which provided a theoretical basis for creating new chrysanthemum germplasm with specific fragrance types, which was conducive to accelerating the biological breeding process of chrysanthemum with new fragrance types.
Rickettsia infection rate along an altitudinal gradient as influenced by population genetic structure of Ixodid ticks
Authors: Regilme Maria Angenica F. , Sato Megumi , Tamura Tsutomu , Arai Reiko , Sato Marcello Otake , Ikeda Sumire , Watanabe Kozo 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Ixodid ticks, such as Ixodes ovatus and Haemaphysalis flava, are important vectors of tick-borne diseases in Japan, such as Japanese spotted fever caused by Rickettsia japonica (i.e., the pathogen). This study describes the population genetic structure and gene flow of I. ovatus and H. flava and their Rickettsia infection rates along an altitudinal gradient. A total of 346 adult I. ovatus and 243 H. flava were analyzed for the presence of Rickettsia by targeting the 17kDA, gltA, rOmpA, and rOmpB genes. Population genetic structure was performed using the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase 1 (cox1) marker. The Rickettsia infection rates were 13.26% in I. ovatus and 6.17% in H. flava. For I. ovatus, the global FST value revealed significant genetic differentiation among the different populations, whereas H. flava showed non-significant genetic differentiation. The cox1 I. ovatus cluster dendrogram showed two cluster groups, while the haplotype network and phylogenetic tree showed three genetic groups. The two cluster groups and the three genetic groups found in I. ovatus showed a significant difference in their Rickettsia infection rates and mean altitude per group. No significant differences were found in the mean altitude or Rickettsia infection rates of H. flava. Our results suggest that low gene flow in the I. ovatus populations have caused spatially heterogenous Rickettsia infection rates along the altitudinal gradient. This information is essential in understanding the relationship between the tick vector, its pathogen, and environmental factors, such as altitude.
Milling performance of Ti2AlNb by DC short electric arc machining based on different electrode materials
Authors: Yin Xianhe , Zhou Jianping , Chen Xiaokang , Guo Xunjun , Wang Bingbing , Xu Yan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In this paper, a novel efficient and sustainable electrical discharge machining method, referred to as short electric arc machining (SEAM), is proposed to solve the problems of low efficiency, severe tool wear, and high cost of Ti2AlNb machining by traditional methods. The mechanism of SEAM with different voltages and tool electrode materials (W70Cu30, high-purity graphite, copper-plated graphite, and 304 stainless steel) is studied using a DC power supply, and the workpiece material removal rate (MRR), surface roughness (Sa), and relative tool wear rate (RTWR) are analyzed. In addition, the surface morphology, cross-sectional morphology, elemental distribution, and microhardness of Ti2AlNb after processing are investigated. The experimental results show that under 28 V, the W70Cu30 electrode achieves the highest MRR of 2571 mm3/min, which is higher than that of the other three electrode materials. It has also the lowest RTWR of the electrode and a relative electrode loss of only 0.0974%. The lowest surface roughness and heat affected layer of the workpiece after machining are 53.2 µm and 56.54 µm, respectively. The absolute difference of the width of the cross-section of the workpiece is the smallest, and the hardness of the recast layer of the workpiece is close to the hardness of the base metal, which is conducive to further processing.
Bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) in urban-rural interfaces: community structure associated with pathogen monitoring in the largest metropolitan region in Brazil
Authors: Brito João Eduardo Cavalcanti , Mello Beatriz Gagete , Gaeta Natália Carrillo , Batista Juliana Maria Nunes , Brito Tiago Roberto , Agostinho Washington , Brandão Paulo Eduardo , Heinemann Marcos Bryan , Dias Ricardo Augusto 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Of the 181 Brazilian bat species (Mammalia: Chiroptera), 46,7% occur in urban areas. However, little is known about the influence of these environments on species’ ecology, and few studies about urban bat community structure in Brazil have been published to date. The urbanization process, however, potentially lead to critical ecological changes in bat communities’ intra and interspecific pathogenic transmissions dynamics. Conversely, few published papers detected pathogens in urban bats. The present work aimed to perform bat captures in a preserved-rural-urban gradient from 2021 to 2022 to investigate how urbanization influences their richness, relative abundance, and activity degree. Most captured bats were Phyllostomidae, especially Sturnira lillium, Artibeus lituratus, A. fimbriatus, Glossophaga soricina, and Platyrrhinus lineatus, among others. From preserved-rural towards urban areas the lesser the bat richness, the higher the relative abundance of the captured bats. Noise level, luminosity and relative humidity correlated with bat abundance. The proportion of genders, sexually active bats and their size (weight, right forearm length, and body mass index) were stable throughout the investigation. Still, the proportion of pregnant females was higher in Spring and the number of juveniles in Summer, evidencing the seasonality of reproduction. No viruses (rabies and coronavirus), Salmonella spp. and Leptospira spp. were detected in the sample. Still, several Enterobacteria were isolated, evidencing a significant role of bats in the circulation of pathogens of medical and veterinary interest. These results are crucial in the pursuit of an harmonious coexistence between humans, bats and domestic animals in areas with different levels of anthropization.
Maturity Grading of Jujube for Industrial Applications Harnessing Deep Learning
Authors: Mahmood Atif , Tiwari Amod Kumar , Singh Sanjay Kumar , Ali Mohd. Mohsin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Jujube is one of the popular fruits that possess high nutritional components and have economic value. Grading of jujube is a post-harvest process applied in the fruit industry for the tasks like fruit quality check, fruit species identification, price labelling, edibility duration estimation, safety, etc. This research investigates the proposed customised-CNN model and two classical models (i.e., VGG16 and AlexNet) for grading jujube fruits according to their stages of maturity. Primarily, jujube of four different maturity grades was identified on the field and collected from the field manually and their images were captured through a machine vision system. Further, image pre-processing and augmentation were performed to get the training/testing-ready dataset. Finally, a customised-CNN model was deployed and grading performance was examined over the original and augmented dataset using performance metrics of precision, sensitivity, and F1-measure. Furthermore, the model's classification accuracy was compared to that of classical models, where the proposed model surmounts both the classical models. Results reveal that the proposed model attained a high grading accuracy of 99.44% and 97.53% over the augmented and original datasets respectively. Also, the computation time and training parameters count were reduced to almost one-tenth and one-third of that of the VGG16 and AlexNet models. Results advocate that the classical model could be replaced with the proposed customized-CNN model and can be further investigated for other fruits for better classification accuracy, reduced parameters and reduced computational time.