bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Soil macropore characteristics and aggregate stability with poly‐γ‐glutamic acid amendment under wetting–drying cycles
Authors: Liu Lu , Shi Wenjuan , Liang Jiaping , Yuan Ying , Hao Qiaoge 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSoils are typically subjected to multiple wetting–drying (WD) cycles due to irrigation and seasonal climate cycles, which directly impact soil pore structure and soil aggregate stability. Poly‐γ‐glutamic acid (γ‐PGA) is a polymer used to improve soil water holding capacity and plant growth. However, the impact of γ‐PGA on soil pore structure requires further research, particularly under WD cycles. Therefore, we investigated the different amounts of γ‐PGA on soil structure, including soil aggregate stability, macropore (>100 μm) structure characteristics and the relationship between macropore characteristics (equivalent pore diameter, pore shape factor, soil porosity, fractal dimension (FD), soil connectivity and the percentage of aggregate content with particle size larger than 0.25 mm) and soil aggregate stability by structural equation modelling (SEM) under WD cycles. A sandy soil and a loam soil were studied, and amended with γ‐PGA at three different concentrations: 0 (P0), 0.4% (P4) and 0.8% (P8) (w/w, %). Results showed that γ‐PGA amendment increased the mean weight diameter (MWD) and the percentage of aggregate content with particle size larger than 0.25 mm (R0.25) under WD cycles in both sandy and loam soils, while the MWD between P4 and P8 did not differ significantly. As the number of WD cycles increased, soil porosity (TP) increased due to an increase in pores of 100–500 μm. With γ‐PGA added to soil, large microporosity (>1000 μm) increased in sandy soil, but decreased in loam soil. In addition, 8WD cycles also increased the FD (2.6%–4.2%) and pore connectivity (Con) compared with 4WD. Structural equation modelling (SEM) revealed that soil pore characteristics accounted for 74% and 98% of the variation in sandy and loam soils, respectively. TP, FD, Con and R0.25 directly contributed to MWD, according to the SEM. These findings improve our understanding of pore characteristics and aggregate stability, which are key factors influencing soil quality when amended with γ‐PGA during the seasonal WD period.
The ties that bind us: An empirical, clinical, and constitutional argument against terminating parental rights
Authors: Sankaran Vivek S. , Church Christopher E. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis Article explores the unnecessary termination of a child's relationship with their parent from an empirical, clinical, and constitutional lens. Part I explores administrative data related to TPR, which like many child protection metrics, resembles nothing short of a wild west of practices and policies relating to how often and how fast child protection systems terminate parental rights. These data also reveal how TPR can unnecessarily delay legal permanency for children, particularly those children who are living with extended family, and how a State pursuing TPR can drain its own scarce resources, a system perpetually decrying insufficient resources. Part II highlights the clinical research showing the need for children to have relationships with their birth parents, even with those who might be unable to care for them. This section also summarizes the research documenting the trauma experienced by parents who have their parental rights terminated, which might impact the parent's ability to care for other children in the future. Part III discusses the unconstitutional features of the child protection system's overutilization of TPR. Well‐established principles of constitutional law require courts to search for less restrictive alternatives prior to infringing on individuals' fundamental rights, like the right to direct the care of one's child. Still, child protection systems stubbornly persist in terminating parental rights, a thinly veiled effort held out as a means to achieve legal permanency for children despite TPR being neither necessary nor sufficient to achieve legal permanency for children.
A novel optinEuRin stress connection in glaucoma
Authors: Lafont Elodie , Avril Tony 
Published: March 2023

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the organelle where the production and shaping of most secreted and transmembrane proteins happens. ER function is finely regulated to prevent accumulation of misfolded proteins generating ER stress. ER stress is common in both healthy and pathological situations due to multiple intrinsic and extrinsic factors including acute demand in protein synthesis, hypoxia or impaired protein folding caused by gene mutations. Sayyad et al. found that the M98K mutation of optineurin sensitizes glaucoma retinal ganglion cells to ER stress‐induced cell death. This is associated with an autophagy‐dependent elevation of ER stress sensor expression.
“My Friend Travis Says…”: A look at enrollment trends in language classes in the United States
Authors: Morgan William Justin , Thompson Amy S. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe present study uses data from 1147 university language students from lower‐division and upper‐division courses from eight different languages. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of course placement, first course enrollment, and personal/professional relationships had on university learners' intentions to minor or major (IMM) in a language other than English (LOTE). Respondents completed a survey that included information regarding their first course of study, their prior learning experiences, their perceptions of support they receive for language study from their community, and their reasons for studying or not studying their target language as a major or minor degree program. This study found that there were several potential institutional hurdles associated with language study in the university setting, including first‐course placement, conflicting support from personal and academic relationships, and credit hour limitations. Suggestions for recruiting students and strengthening language programs conclude this study.
Influence of tidal and diurnal rhythms on fish assemblages in the surf zone of sandy beaches
Authors: Xia Wentong , Miao Zhongbo , Wang Sai , Chen Kai , Liu Yinglong , Xie Songguang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe surf zones are significantly affected by tides, however, several gaps still in knowledge of fish assemblages in surf zones response to spring‐neap and daily tidal cycles. We investigated fish assemblages in a surf zone of Gaolong Bay in China. The dynamics of fish assemblages were examined during the neap tide and the spring tide to test the hypotheses that (1) fish assemblages reflect a combination of species from around coastal habitats, and (2) dynamics of the fish assemblages were determined by both the spring‐neap cycles and diel rhythms of fish species. We collected 46 fish species comprising 16 coral reef‐seagrass species, 24 mangrove‐estuarine species, and 6 common coastal species. Fish abundance and richness were significantly higher during the neap tide than during the spring tide. Furthermore, during the neap tide, fish assemblages were mostly carnivorous coral reef‐seagrass species at night and were mostly omnivorous and planktivorous species during the daytime. However, no clear diel patterns were observed during the spring tide. We suggested that dynamics of the fish assemblages were mainly shaped by the diurnal rhythms of fish during the neap tide and by the tidal cycle during the spring tide. Our results support the notion that surveys of fish assemblages during the neap tide could collect more abundance and rich species of multiple ecotypes of fish to evaluate fish resource status in the around coastal habitats. Consequently, management approaches around surf zones with heterogeneous seascapes can lead to positive outcomes for inshore fish resources and ecosystem conservation.
Anthropogenic activities dominated tropical forest carbon balance in two contrary ways over the Greater Mekong Subregion in the 21st century
Authors: Chen Baozhang , Kayiranga Alphonse , Ge Mengyu , Ciais Philippe , Zhang Huifang , Black Andy , Xiao Xiangming , Yuan Wenping , Zeng Zhenzhong , Piao Shilong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe tropical forest carbon (C) balance threatened by extensive socio‐economic development in the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) in Asia is a notable data gap and remains contentious. Here we generated a long‐term spatially quantified assessment of changes in forests and C stocks from 1999 to 2019 at a spatial resolution of 30 m, based on multiple streams of state‐of‐the‐art high‐resolution satellite imagery and in situ observations. Our results show that (i) about 0.54 million square kilometers (21.0% of the region) experienced forest cover transitions with a net increase in forest cover by 4.3% (0.11 million square kilometers, equivalent to 0.31 petagram of C [Pg C] stocks); (ii) forest losses mainly in Cambodia, Thailand, and in the south of Vietnam, were also counteracted by forest gains in China due mainly to afforestation; and (iii) at the national level during the study period an increase in both C stocks and C sequestration (net C gain of 0.087 Pg C) in China from new plantation, offset anthropogenetic emissions (net C loss of 0.074 Pg C) mainly in Cambodia and Thailand from deforestation. Political, social, and economic factors significantly influenced forest cover change and C sequestration in the GMS, positively in China while negatively in other countries, especially in Cambodia and Thailand. These findings have implications on national strategies for climate change mitigation and adaptation in other hotspots of tropical forests.
Patterns of visiting nurse services for older adults in Japanese residential facilities: A latent class analysis
Authors: Mashida Yuriko , Fukahori Hiroki , Ikezaki Sumie , Fukui Sakiko 
Published: March 2023

AimTo examine the patterns of the visiting nurse services provided to older adults in a type of residential facility in Japan and to identify associated factors.MethodsThis secondary analysis used past survey data from visiting nurse service agencies providing services to older adults in residential facilities with few nurses, known as non‐specified facilities in Japan. Approximately 515 cases were used to determine the patterns of visiting nurse services using latent class analysis. Multinomial logistic regression analysis examined the relationships between identified classes, residents' characteristics, facilities, and services provided by visiting nurses.ResultsThree service patterns were identified as follows: Class 1, observational and follow‐up care (37.1%); Class 2, chronic disease care (35.7%); and Class 3, end‐of‐life care (27.2%). Class 1 comprised fewer nursing services than the other classes and primarily involved the observation of medical conditions, whereas Classes 2 and 3 involved higher care‐need levels and provided diverse nursing care support. Specifically, Class 3 was associated with the inclusion of family (odds ratio: 2.42) and a visiting nurse at the attached facility (odds ratio: 4.88).ConclusionsThe three identified classes describe the older residents' healthcare needs. Additionally, the factors associated with the end‐of‐life care class suggest that older residents with these factors may have difficulty accessing end‐of‐life care by visiting nurses. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2023; 23: 326–333.
Managed Aquifer Recharge in Mining: A Review
Authors: Sloan Shannon , Cook Peter G. , Wallis Ilka 
Published: March 2023

AbstractManaged aquifer recharge (MAR) has been gaining adoption within the mining industry for managing surplus water volumes and reducing the groundwater impacts of dewatering. This paper reviews MAR for mining and includes an inventory of 27 mines using or considering MAR for current or future operations. Most mines using MAR are in arid or semi‐arid regions and are implementing it through infiltration basins or bore injection to manage surplus water, preserve aquifers for environmental or human benefit, or adhere to licensing that requires zero surface discharge. Surplus water volumes, hydrogeological conditions, and economics play a pivotal role in the feasibility of MAR for mining. Groundwater mounding, well clogging, and interaction between adjacent mines are common challenges. Mitigation strategies include predictive groundwater modeling, extensive monitoring programs, rotation of infiltration or injection facilities, physical and chemical treatments for clogging, and careful location for MAR facilities in relation to adjacent operations. Should water availability alternate between shortage and excess, injection bores may be used for supply, thus reducing costs and risks associated with drilling new wells. MAR, if applied strategically, also has the potential to accelerate groundwater recovery post‐mine closure. The success of MAR for mining is emphasized by mines opting to increase MAR capacity alongside dewatering expansions, as well as prospective mines proposing MAR for future water requirements. Upfront planning is the key to maximizing MAR benefits. Improved information sharing could help increase awareness and uptake of MAR as an effective and sustainable mine water management tool.
ENTREPRENEUR–INVESTOR INFORMATION DESIGN
Authors: Muratov Oleg 
Published: March 2023

AbstractI consider an environment in which an entrepreneur generates information about the quality of his project prior to contracting with an investor. The investor faces a moral‐hazard problem since the entrepreneur may divert the funding for private consumption. I find that the efficient amount of information is generated if and only if the bargaining power of the entrepreneur is high enough. I interpret this result in terms of investors' tightness, competitiveness, and generosity measures. I also show that the investor prefers not to have all the bargaining power when the project costs are high enough.
Clinical variation in the early assessment and management of suspected community‐acquired meningitis: a multicentre retrospective study
Authors: Gulholm Trine , Kim Myong Gyu , Lennard Kate , Mirdad Feras , Overton Kristen , Martinello Marianne , Maley Michael W. , Konecny Pamela , Andresen David , Post Jeffrey J. ,   for the Sydney Partnerships for Health, Education, Research and Enterprise (SPHERE) Hospitals Infection Study Group
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundBacterial meningitis is a medical emergency and timely management has been shown to improve outcomes. The aim of this study was to compare the early assessment and management of adults with suspected community‐onset meningitis between hospitals and identify opportunities for clinical practice improvement.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study was conducted at three principal referral hospitals in Sydney, Australia. Adult patients with suspected meningitis undergoing cerebrospinal fluid sampling between 1 July 2018 and 31 June 2019 were included. Relevant clinical and laboratory data were extracted from the medical record. Differences between sites were analysed and factors associated with time to antimicrobial therapy were assessed by Cox regression.ResultsIn 260 patients, the median time from triage to antibiotic administration was 332 min with a difference of up to 147 min between hospitals. Median time from triage to lumbar puncture (LP) was 366 min with an inter‐hospital difference of up to 198 min. Seventy per cent of patients had neuroimaging prior to LP, and this group had a significantly longer median time to antibiotic administration (367 vs 231 min; P = 0.001). Guideline concordant antibiotics were administered in 84% of patients, with only 39% of those administered adjunctive corticosteroids. Seven (3%) patients had confirmed bacterial meningitis. Modifiable factors associated with earlier antimicrobial administration included infectious diseases involvement (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 1.50 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.01–2.24]) and computed tomography (CT) scanning (aHR, 0.67 [95% CI, 0.46–0.98]).ConclusionOpportunities for improvement include reducing the time to LP and antibiotic administration, improving coadministration of corticosteroids and avoiding potentially unnecessary CT scanning.
RETRACTED: A systematic review of health care workers' knowledge and related factors towards burn first aid
Authors: Yarali Mohsen , Parvizi Arman , Ghorbani Vajargah Pooyan , Tamimi Pegah , Mollaei Amirabbas , Karkhah Samad , Firooz Mahbobeh , Hosseini Seyed Javad , Takasi Poorya , Farzan Ramyar , Haddadi Soudabeh 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe present systematic review was conducted to investigate the knowledge of health care workers (HCWs) regarding first aid in burns. A comprehensive, systematic search was performed in different international electronic databases, such as Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and Persian electronic databases such as Iranmedex, and Scientific Information Database using keywords extracted from Medical Subject Headings such as ‘Knowledge’, ‘First aid’, ‘Health personnel’ and ‘Burns’ from the earliest to 1 February 2023. The appraisal tool for cross‐sectional studies (AXIS tool) evaluates the quality of the included studies. A total of 3213 HCWs participated in seven cross‐sectional studies. Of the HCWs, 44.50% were physicians. The studies included in this systematic review were conducted in Saudi Arabia, Australia, Turkey, the UK, Ukraine, and Vietnam. The knowledge rate of HCWs related to first aid for burns was 64.78 out of 100, which indicates their relatively desirable knowledge. The factors of first aid training experience, age, and experienced burn traumas had a significant positive effect on the knowledge of HCWs related to first aid for burns. Also, factors such as gender, nationality, marital status, and job position had a significant relationship with the knowledge of HCWs about first aid for burns. Therefore, it is suggested that health care managers and policymakers implement training programs and practical workshops related to first aid, especially first aid for burns.
Fabrication of Cu1.4Mn1.6O4 modified catalytic ozonation ceramic membrane for membrane fouling elimination and micro‐pollutant degradation
Authors: Zhao Peng , Gao Yuanhui , Xu Guogang , Zhang Enliang , Liu Lulu , Jin Shaowei 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this experiment, a novel catalytic ceramic membrane (CCM) with spherical Cu1.4Mn1.6O4 material loading was prepared through hydrothermal in situ growth method. The synergistic effects of membrane separation and catalytic ozonation on membrane antipollution and degradation of micro‐pollutants were systematically investigated. The results indicated that the degradation efficiency of bisphenol A by CCMs reached 85.7% with a stable normalized flux of 0.90 under the operating conditions of [O3] = 4 g/h, transmembrane pressure = 0.2 bar, and pH = 6. In addition, the results showed that the composite bimetallic oxides have good stability by measuring the leaching concentration of metal ions during the catalytic process. This study provides a promising strategy for in situ growth of catalytically active composite bimetallic oxides on the surfaces of ceramic membrane and for mitigation of membrane fouling complex water treatment.
Cardioneuroablation for treatment of carotid sinus syndrome secondary to oropharyngeal squamous cell cancer
Authors: Bozyel Serdar , Güler Tümer Erdem , Çelik Muhsin , Dalgıç Nur , Şipal Abdülcebbar , Yalnız Ahmet , Çağdaş Metin , Aksu Tolga 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHead and neck tumors can rarely cause carotid sinus syndrome and this often resolves by surgical intervention or palliative chemoradiotherapy. If these modalities are not an option or are ineffective, the most preferred treatment is permanent pacemaker therapy. Here, we present the first case of cardioneuroablation treatment performed in patient with oropharyngeal squamous cell cancer who developed recurrent asystole and syncope attacks due to compression of the carotid sinus on neck movement.
Chronic hand eczema in Europe: Patient experiences and perspectives (CHEPEP) in qualitative interviews
Authors: Rönsch H. , Schiffers F. , Ofenloch R. , Weisshaar E. , Buse A. S. , Hansen A. , John S. M. , Giménez Arnau A. M. , Pesqué D. , Agner T. , Nørreslet L. B. , Loman L. , Romeijn G. L. E. , Schuttelaar M. L. A. , Košćec Bjelajac A. , Macan J. , Apfelbacher C. , Bauer A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundChronic hand eczema (CHE) is a very common skin disease among the European population. It causes itch and pain and, in more severe cases, seriously impairs hand functioning at work and in private life.ObjectivesTo explore perspectives of people with lived experience on CHE‐related problems, wishes and goals.MethodsFollowing a qualitative approach, we conducted topic‐guided interviews in five European countries and applied template analysis to identify recurrent themes among patients with CHE.ResultsWe interviewed 60 patients in seven outpatient dermatological and occupational medicine clinics in Croatia, Denmark, Germany, the Netherlands and Spain. Five main themes were identified: (1) knowledge about the disease and its course, (2) preventive behaviour, (3) hand eczema therapy, (4) impact on everyday life and (5) attitudes towards CHE and healthcare. Participants did not feel well informed about CHE, especially about causes, triggers and treatment options. Preventive measures were experienced as more or less effective but also cumbersome. Experiences with therapy were diverse. Treatment satisfaction depended on the results and on the perceived support from the treatment teams. Participants found it important to be taken seriously, to receive practical advice, to try out additional treatments or examinations, find new hope and have occupational perspectives. They wished that others could better understand the physical and emotional burden of CHE. Patient support groups were not mentioned. Participants found it important to learn to take care of themselves and accept life with CHE.ConclusionsDue to its annoying symptoms, high visibility and impaired functioning at work and in private life, CHE has a high emotional and social impact. Some people may require support to learn coping with CHE and its prevention. Patients wish for information about causes and triggers. They value physicians who listen to them and keep looking for solutions.
How do host plant use and seasonal life cycle relate to insect body size: A case study on European geometrid moths (Lepidoptera: Geometridae)
Authors: Seifert Carlo L. , Strutzenberger Patrick , Fiedler Konrad 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe used European geometrid moths (>630 species) as a model group to investigate how life history traits linked to larval host plant use (i.e., diet breadth and host‐plant growth form) and seasonal life cycle (i.e., voltinism, overwintering stage and caterpillar phenology) are related to adult body size in holometabolous insect herbivores. To do so, we applied phylogenetic comparative methods to account for shared evolutionary history among herbivore species. We further categorized larval diet breadth based on the phylogenetic structure of utilized host plant genera. Our results indicate that species associated with woody plants are, on average, larger than herb feeders and increase in size with increasing diet breadth. Obligatorily univoltine species are larger than multivoltine species, and attain larger sizes when their larvae occur exclusively in the early season. Furthermore, the adult body size is significantly smaller in species that overwinter in the pupal stage compared to those that overwinter as eggs or caterpillars. In summary, our results indicate that the ecological niche of holometabolous insect herbivores is strongly interrelated with body size at maturity.