bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preparation of green colorimetric pH sensor using Humulus lupulus L. (common hop) biomolecular extract for sweat monitoring
Authors: Alorabi Ali Q. , Alessa Hussain , Alamrani Nasser A. , Alluhaybi Ahmad A. , Al‐Ahmed Zehbah A. , Sayqal Ali , Abumelha Hana M. , El‐Metwaly Nashwa M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractNovel smart cotton diagnostic assay was developed toward onsite sensing of sweat pH variations for possible medical applications such as drug test and healthcare purposes. Humulus lupulus L. extract was obtained according to previously reported procedure. As reported by high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), the extract demonstrated the presence of hop acids, prenylchalcones, and prenylflavanones, which is responsible for the colorimetric changes. The extract was applied to cellulose fibers employing potassium aluminum sulfate as mordant. This was observed by the formation of mordant/xanthohumol nanoparticles onto cotton surface. The absorption spectra and CIE (Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage) Lab screening of the prepared cotton assay showed colorimetric changes in association with hypsochromic shift from 600 nm to 433 nm upon exposure to sweat simulant fluid (pH < 7). The biochromic activity of the xanthohumol‐finished cotton depends mainly on the halochromic performance of the xanthohumol chromophore to show a colorimetric switch from yellow to white owing to intramolecular charge transfer in the xanthohumol molecule. No substantial defects were detected in gas‐permeability and stiffness of the treated fabrics. Satisfactory fastness was approved for the xanthohumol‐dyed diagnostic cotton assay.
Single or tandem autologous stem cell transplantation for treating Chinese patients with refractory/relapsed classical Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Zhang Chen , Deng Jili , Xie Yan , Mi Lan , Liu Weiping , Wang Xiaopei , Zhao Linjun , Song Yuqin , Zhu Jun 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundAutologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) is the standard treatment strategy for refractory or relapsed classical Hodgkin lymphoma (R/R cHL). However, a single transplantation is insufficient to cure the disease because of unfavorable risk factors. Herein, we evaluated the outcomes of single or tandem ASCT in patients with R/R cHL, especially in high‐risk patients.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed R/R cHL patients who underwent single or tandem ASCT between April 2000 and June 2021 at the Beijing Cancer Hospital and Peking University International Hospital.ResultsA total of 134 patients were enrolled. Patients were allocated to a favorable‐risk group (group A, n = 33), an unfavorable‐risk group (group B, n = 81) that underwent single ASCT, and an unfavorable‐risk group that underwent tandem ASCT (group C, n = 20). The median follow‐up time was 99 months (range, 91–107 months), and no treatment‐related deaths occurred after single or tandem ASCT. However, 27 patients (2 in group C) died during the follow‐up period. The groups A, B, and C had 5‐year progression‐free survival (PFS) rates of 77.05%, 45%, and 74.67%, respectively (p = 0.0014), and 5‐year overall survival (OS) rates of 89.85%, 76.06%, and 95%, respectively (p = 0.18). Neither the median PFS rates of groups A and C nor the OS rates of all groups were reached.ConclusionsOur study discusses the advantages of tandem transplantation for high‐risk patients with R/R cHL.
IRF4 rearrangement may predict favorable prognosis in children and young adults with primary head and neck large B‐cell lymphoma
Authors: Jiang Xiang‐Nan , Yu Fang , Xue Tian , Xia Qing‐Xin , Bai Qian‐Ming , Yu Bao‐Hua , Shui Ruo‐Hong , Zhou Xiao‐Yan , Zhu Xiong‐Zeng , Cao Jun‐Ning , Hong Xiao‐Nan , Li Xiao‐Qiu 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPurposeLarge B‐cell lymphoma with IRF4 rearrangement (LBCL, IRF4+) has been recently recognized as a specific entity that is frequently associated with young age and favorable prognosis. However, whether the good outcome of the disease is due to IRF4+ or other factors remains obscure. We thus analyzed 100 young patients with primary head and neck LBCL to see the clinicopathologic correlates of IRF4+.MethodsThe histopathology, immunophenotype, IRF4 status of the tumors, and clinical data were reviewed.ResultsTwenty‐one tumors were diagnosed as LBCL, IRF4+, which were more frequently associated with a follicular growth pattern, medium‐sized blastoid cytology, germinal center B‐cell‐like, and CD5+ phenotype, compared with IRF4− ones. While most of the patients received chemotherapy with or without radiation, eight IRF4+ patients received mere surgical resection of the tumor and exhibited excellent outcome. IRF4+ cases featured a significantly higher complete remission rate, and better survivals compared with IRF4− ones. Multivariate analysis confirmed IRF4+ correlates with a better survival.ConclusionOur work confirmed the unique clinicopathologic features of LBCL, IRF4+, and disclosed for the first time the independent favorable prognostic impact of IRF4+. These findings may further unravel the heterogeneity of LBCL occurring in youth, and aid in risk stratification and tailoring the therapeutic strategy.
Clinical outcomes and biomarkers of phyllodes tumors of the breast: A single‐center retrospective study
Authors: Chen Keyu , Xu Jiaojiao , Wang Wei , Jiang Ruiyuan , Zhang Huanping , Wang Xiaojia , Cao Jun , Fang Meiyu 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPurposePhyllodes tumors (PTs) are rare neoplasms with a certain risk of recurrence and/or metastasis. In clinical practice, there is a lack of high‐quality clinical studies and unified guidelines to guide the treatment.Materials and MethodsAll malignant and recurrence/metastasis PTs were retrospectively collected, which were diagnosed from 2008 to 2022.ResultsA total of 82 patients were enrolled, including 69 malignant and 13 borderline tumors. 96.3% (79/82) received surgical treatment. During a median follow‐up of 55.5 months, 20 patients (20/82, 24.4%) had distant metastasis (DM), while 32 (32/82, 39.0%) had local recurrence (LR). Univariate analysis showed the survival of PTs was associated with surgical methods (p < 0.001), tumor size (p = 0.026), and biological behavior (p = 0.017), but not age at diagnosis. In relapsed borderline PTs, we did not find deaths due to disease progression. Patients with DM were all malignant PTs, with disease‐progression occurring within 3 years in more than 80% of patients. Among salvage treatments, the combination of antiangiogenic drugs improved the prognosis to some extent, with a significant increase in mPFS (2.77 vs. 1.53 months), but no significant statistical results were obtained (p = 0.168). Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was an independent predictor of the prognosis for malignant PTs (p = 0.001, HR = 1.203, 95%CI, 1.082–1.336).ConclusionBorderline PTs rarely metastasize, and even if LR occurs, surgical resection can lead to long‐term survival. In metastatic phyllodes tumors (MPT), systemic therapy is not effective, but antiangiogenic drugs may prolong survival. LDH is an independent prognostic factor for malignant PTs to identify high‐risk tumors.
Detection of the ADGRG6 hotspot mutations in urine for bladder cancer early screening by ARMS‐qPCR
Authors: Tan Dan , Jiang Wenqi , Hu Rixin , Li Zhuoran , Ou Tong 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundIn bladder cancer, recurrent ADGRG6 enhancer hotspot mutations (chr. 6: 142,706,206 G>A, chr. 6:142,706,209 C>T) were reported at a high mutation rate of approximately 50%. Thus, ADGRG6 enhancer mutation status might be a candidate for diagnostic biomarker.MethodsTo improve test efficacy, an amplification refractory mutation system combined with quantitative real‐time PCR (ARMS‐qPCR) assay was developed to detect the ADGRG6 mutations in a patient as a clinical diagnostic test. To validate the performance of the ARMS‐qPCR assay, artificial plasmids, cell DNA reference standard were used as templates, respectively. To test the clinical diagnostic ability, we detected the cell free DNA (cfDNA) and sediment DNA (sDNA) of 30 bladder cancer patients' urine by ARMS‐qPCR comparing with Sanger sequencing, followed by the droplet digital PCR to confirm the results. We also tested the urine of 100 healthy individuals and 90 patients whose diagnoses urinary tract infections or urinary stones but not bladder cancer.ResultsSensitivity of 100% and specificity of 96.7% were achieved when the mutation rate of the artificial plasmid was 1%, and sensitivity of 96.7% and specificity of 100% were achieved when the mutation frequency of the reference standard was 0.5%. Sanger sequencing and ARMS‐qPCR both detected 30 cases of bladder cancer with 93.3% agreement. For the remaining unmatched sites, ARMS‐qPCR results were consistent with droplet digital PCR. Among 100 healthy individuals, three of them carried hotspot mutations by way of ARMS‐qPCR. Of 90 patients with urinary tract infections or urinary stones, no mutations were found by ARMS‐qPCR. Based on clinical detection, the ARMS‐qPCR assay's sensitivity is 83.3%, specificity is 98.4%.ConclusionWe here present a novel urine test for ADGRG6 hotspot mutations with high accuracy and sensitivity, which may potentially serve as a rapid and non‐invasive tool for bladder cancer early screening and follow‐up relapse monitoring.
Effects of Central Elements on the Properties of Group 13 Dialdiminate Complexes
Authors: Aoyama Yuto , Sakai Yuki , Ito Shunichiro , Tanaka Kazuo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractNovel luminescent dialdiminate complexes of the Group 13 elements were prepared to evaluate the effects of the central element on their properties. We demonstrate that their absorption wavelength and the response to Lewis bases apparently depend on the central atom. The aluminum complex exhibited the absorption band in the higher‐energy region than the gallium and indium congeners. Theoretical calculations suggest that the aluminum complex has a lower‐lying highest‐occupied molecular orbital than the other complexes. Additionally, the emission intensity of the aluminum complex clearly changed in response to a Lewis base. Quantum chemical calculations suggest that these element‐dependent optical properties could originate from the difference in the electric charges on the central elements. Interestingly, the ligand exchange reactions were observed in the indium complexes together with the changes in the optical properties and controlled by the addition of InCl3 and InMe3. Furthermore, all the complexes showed aggregation‐induced emission enhancement (AIEE) and crystallization‐induced emission enhancement (CIEE) properties. These results lead to proposing a practical strategy for manipulating the optoelectronic properties coupled with the reactivities of complexes by choosing the central elements in the same group.
Construction of Ternary Bismuth‐Based Heterojunction by Using (BiO)2CO3 as Electron Bridge for Highly Efficient Degradation of Phenol
Authors: Shen Huidong , Yang Chunming , Xue Wenwen , Hao Leiduan , Wang Danjun , Fu Feng , Sun Zhenyu 
Published: April 2023

AbstractInspired by nature, it has been considered an effective approach to design artificial photosynthetic system by fabricating Z‐scheme photocatalysts to eliminate environmental issues and alleviate the global energy crisis. However, the development of low cost, environment‐friendly, and high‐efficient photocatalysts by utilizing solar energy still confronts huge challenge. Herein, we constructed a Bi2O3/(BiO)2CO3/Bi2MoO6 ternary heterojunction via a facile solvothermal method and calcination approach and used it as a photocatalyst for the degradation of phenol. The optimized Bi2O3/(BiO)2CO3/Bi2MoO6 heterojunction delivers a considerable activity for phenol photodegradation with an impressive removal efficiency of 98.8 % and about total organic carbon (TOC) of 68 % within 180 min under visible‐light irradiation. The excellent photocatalytic activity was ascribed to the formation of a Z‐scheme heterojunction, more importantly, the presence of (BiO)2CO3 as an electron bridge greatly shortens the migration distance of photogenerated electron from ECB of Bi2O3 to EVB of Bi2MoO6, thus prolonging the lifetime of photogenerated electrons, which is verified by trapping experiments, electron spin‐resonance spectroscopy (ESR) results, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. This work provides a potential strategy to fabricate highly efficient Bi‐based Z‐scheme photocatalysts with wide application prospects in solar‐to‐fuel conversion and environmental protection.
Defining triple‐negative breast cancer with neuroendocrine differentiation (TNBC‐NED)
Authors: Hacking Sean M , Yakirevich Evgeny , Wang Yihong 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPrimary breast neuroendocrine (NE) neoplasms are uncommon, and definitions harbor controversy. We retrospectively collected 73 triple‐negative breast cancers (TNBC) and evaluated NE biomarker expression along with p53 aberrant staining (which correlates with TP53 gene mutation) and Rb protein loss by immunohistochemistry. In the study cohort, we found 11 (15%) cases of TNBC with neuroendocrine differentiation (TNBC‐NED) showing positivity for one or more NE markers (synaptophysin/chromogranin/insulinoma‐associated protein 1 [INSM1]). We also identified one separate small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma. Histologic types for these 11 TNBC‐NED cases were as follows: 8 invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) not otherwise specified (NOS), 2 IDC with apocrine features, 1 IDC with solid papillary features. INSM1 had the highest positivity and was seen in all 11 carcinomas. Seven (64%) cases showed p53 aberrant staining, 6 (55%) had Rb protein loss, while 6 (55%) had p53/Rb co‐aberrant staining/protein loss. TNBC‐NED was associated with Rb protein loss (p < 0.001), as well as p53/Rb co‐aberrant staining/protein loss (p < 0.001). In 61 cases negative for NE markers, 37 (61%) showed p53 aberrant staining, while 5 (8%) had Rb protein loss. We also analyzed genomic and transcriptomic data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) PanCancer Atlas of 171 basal/TNBC patients. Transcriptomic analysis revealed mRNA expression of RB1 to be correlated negatively with SYN1 mRNA expression (p = 0.0400) and INSM1 mRNA expression (p = 0.0106) in this cohort. We would like to highlight the importance of these findings. TNBC‐NED is currently diagnosed as TNBC, and although it overlaps morphologically with TNBC without NED, the unique p53/Rb signature highlights a genetic overlap with NE carcinomas of the breast.
Pediatric phase 2 trial of a WEE1 inhibitor, adavosertib (AZD1775), and irinotecan for relapsed neuroblastoma, medulloblastoma, and rhabdomyosarcoma
Authors: Cole Kristina A. , Ijaz Heba , Surrey Lea F. , Santi Mariarita , Liu Xiaowei , Minard Charles G. , Maris John M. , Voss Stephan , Reid Joel M. , Fox Elizabeth , Weigel Brenda J. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundInhibition of the WEE1 kinase by adavosertib (AZD1775) potentiates replicative stress from genomic instability or chemotherapy. This study reports the pediatric solid tumor phase 2 results of the ADVL1312 trial combining irinotecan and adavosertib.MethodsPediatric patients with recurrent neuroblastoma (part B), medulloblastoma/central nervous system embryonal tumors (part C), or rhabdomyosarcoma (part D) were treated with irinotecan and adavosertib orally for 5 days every 21 days. The combination was considered effective if there were at least three of 20 responses in parts B and D or six of 19 responses in part C. Tumor tissue was analyzed for alternative lengthening of telomeres and ATRX. Patient's prior tumor genomic analyses were provided.ResultsThe 20 patients with neuroblastoma (part B) had a median of three prior regimens and 95% had a history of prior irinotecan. There were three objective responses (9, 11, and 18 cycles) meeting the protocol defined efficacy end point. Two of the three patients with objective responses had tumors with alternative lengthening of telomeres. One patient with pineoblastoma had a partial response (11 cycles), but parts C and D did not meet the protocol defined efficacy end point. The combination was well tolerated and there were no dose limiting toxicities at cycle 1 or beyond in any parts of ADVL1312 at the recommended phase 2 dose.ConclusionThis is first phase 2 clinical trial of adavosertib in pediatrics and the first with irinotecan. The combination may be of sufficient activity to consider further study of adavosertib in neuroblastoma.
Water Purification by 2‐Dimensional Dodecagonal Nitride and Graphenylene via First Principles Calculations
Authors: Suzuki Hajime , Takahashi Keisuke 
Published: April 2023

Abstract2 dimensional (2D) dodecagonal boron nitride (D_BN) and graphenylene are being investigated to understand their potential applications in water purification. First principle calculations are performed to evaluate the water purification properties of D_BN and graphenylene. It is found that Na+exothermically adsorbs on pores in D_BN, where the transition state energy via pores is calculated to be 0.03 eV. This indicates that Na+can pass through D_BN pores more selectively than water molecules and other ions. In contrast, in the case of graphenylene, Na+is repelled, and H2O exothermically adsorbs on pores, where the transition state energy via pores is calculated to be 1.00 eV. Therefore, this demonstrates that D_BN exhibits an excellent potential for ion‐sieving membranes, while graphenylene exhibits an excellent potential for reverse osmosis membranes. Consequently, this study provides valuable insights into the potential use of D_BN and graphenylene in water purification applications.
Simulating the dynamics of dispersal and dispersal ability in fragmented populations with mate‐finding Allee effects
Authors: Schauf Andrew J. , Jones Matthew F. , Oh Poong 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe consider the spatial propagation and genetic evolution of model populations comprising multiple subpopulations, each distinguished by its own characteristic dispersal rate. Mate finding is modeled in accord with the assumption that reproduction is based on random encounters between pairs of individuals, so that the frequency of interbreeding between two subpopulations is proportional to the product of local population densities of each. The resulting nonlinear growth term produces an Allee effect, whereby reproduction rates are lower in sparsely populated areas; the distribution of dispersal rates that evolves is then highly dependent upon the population's initial spatial distribution. In a series of numerical test cases, we consider how these dynamics affect lattice‐like arrangements of population fragments, and investigate how a population's initial fragmentation determines the dispersal rates that evolve as a habitat is colonized. First, we consider a case where initial population fragments coincide with habitat islands, within which death rates differ from those that apply outside; the presence of inhospitable exterior regions exaggerates Allee effect‐driven reductions in dispersal ability. We then examine how greater distances separating adjacent population fragments lead to more severe reductions in dispersal ability. For populations of a fixed initial magnitude, fragmentation into smaller, denser patches leads not only to greater losses of dispersal ability, but also helps ensure the population's long‐term persistence, emphasizing the trade‐offs between the benefits and risks of rapid dispersal under Allee effects. Next, simulations of well‐established populations disrupted by localized depopulation events illustrate how mate‐finding Allee effects and spatial heterogeneity can drive a population's dispersal ability to evolve either downward or upward depending on conditions, highlighting a qualitative distinction between population fragmentation and habitat heterogeneity. A final test case compares populations that are fragmented across multiple scales, demonstrating how differences in the relative scales of micro‐ and macro‐level fragmentation can lead to qualitatively different evolutionary outcomes.
Neopolyploidy causes increased nutrient requirements and a shift in plant growth strategy inHeucheracylindrica
Authors: Anneberg Thomas J. , Segraves Kari A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractFunctional traits fall along a continuum from resource conservative to acquisitive and are powerful predictors of the ecological settings necessary for a species to persist and establish. As a consequence, a major problem that functional trait analysis could address is understanding the ecological contexts necessary for the persistence of polyploid plants, because early generation polyploids, or “neopolyploids,” are at a high extinction risk. Because neopolyploidy could increase nutrient limitation, growth strategies should shift to accommodate the increased need for resources, but this prediction is untested. To address this gap, we compared the functional trait responses of diploids, synthetic neotetraploids, and naturally occurring tetraploids ofHeuchera cylindrica, an herbaceous perennial plant, to nutrient manipulations in a greenhouse experiment. We found strong support for the hypothesis that neotetraploidy increases nutrient requirements, as evidenced by reduced productivity and increased tissue concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus in neotetraploids. We also found that the repeated formation of independent origins of neotetraploidy led to differing responses to nutrient supply, but neotetraploidy generally shifted functional traits to be more resource acquisitive and inefficient. Taken together, our results suggest that shifts in functional trait responses may constrain the ability of neopolyploids to establish in nutrient‐poor habitats.
Seismic assessment of free‐standing artifacts: Full‐scale tests on large shake table
Authors: Berto Luisa , Di Sarno Luigi , Fragiadakis Michalis , Rocca Irene , Saetta Anna 
Published: April 2023

AbstractRecent severe earthquakes highlighted the high vulnerability of artistic assets. Thus, the seismic assessment and formulation of preservation strategies of artifacts are key challenges of modern earthquake engineering, which require theoretical and experimental investigations. The present paper discusses the outcomes from large scale shake table tests carried out on full‐scale free‐standing artifacts. The study is also aimed at evaluating the reliability of existing simplified formulations to predict the rocking motion activation. Emphasis is on prototypes of marble busts with solid and hollow pedestals with different geometries. Comprehensive tests were performed within “Seismic Resilience of Museum Contents” (SEREME) project, which was recently funded by H2020 Framework Programme – Seismology and Earthquake Engineering Research Infrastructure Alliance for Europe (SERA). Uniaxial and biaxial earthquake natural records with different amplitudes and frequency contents were considered to assess the rocking motion of the sample specimens. Response parameters such as uplift, horizontal and vertical accelerations, angular velocity were measured to assess the rocking response of the sample freestanding busts and pedestals. Coefficients of amplification (CAF) of acceleration were also computed. The value of CAF showed that for solid pedestals they were not significantly influenced by peak ground acceleration (PGA) and earthquake type. Conversely, hollow pedestals, which were characterized by larger values of CAF than solid counterparts, ranging between 1 and 7, were affected by PGA and earthquake characteristics. Finally, the outcomes of the presented shake table tests showed that uplifts and angular velocity are effective measures for assessing rocking occurrence of tested artifacts.