bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Warum ist das WARUM so wichtig?
Authors: Lieckweg Tania 
Published: June 2023

Zusammenfassung
Die Antwort auf die Frage nach dem Warum setzt Menschen in Bewegung. Sie ermöglicht Menschen, sich zu beteiligen und sie motiviert zur gemeinsamen Entwicklung von Lösungen. Die Antwort auf die Frage nach dem Warum ist ein starkes, aber nicht einfach anzuwendendes Management-Tool. Mit der Antwort auf das Warum kann man in verschiedene Richtungen arbeiten, aber vor allem kann man darüber die Menschen, die in und mit den digitalisierten Prozessen, Abläufen, Produkten oder Angeboten arbeiten, zur Mitgestaltung einladen und bewegen. Und diese Mitgestaltung ist bei Digitalisierung unverzichtbar. Der Beitrag zeigt, wie dieses Management-Tool für Aufgaben der Führung genutzt werden kann, und erläutert dies an Beispielen aus dem Projektzusammenhang.
Wandel von Arbeit und Kompetenzanforderungen durch die Einführung eines Manufacturing Execution System (MES) in der Produktion
Authors: Thomas Martina , Elsholz Uwe , Tabbara Nader 
Published: June 2023

ZusammenfassungIn der hier vorgestellten Fallskizze wird am Beispiel einer mittelständischen Produktion nachgezeichnet, wie sich mit der Implementierung eines Manufacturing Execution Systems (MES) die Arbeit und damit einhergehend Kompetenzanforderungen in den produktionsnahen Bereichen bzw. in der Produktion verändern. Dabei deuten sich insbesondere Verschiebungen in der Zusammenarbeit zwischen Bereichen und Hierarchieebenen an.
„Wenn man digitalisiert, wird der Prozess erstmal nur anders“: Über die Einführung eines neuen Wiki-Systems
Authors: Oelkers Patrick , Locher Maximilian 
Published: June 2023

Zusammenfassung
Der Beitrag dokumentiert ein Gespräch mit dem technischen Geschäftsführer Patrick Oelkers von der nass magnet GmbH. Bezugspunkt des Gesprächs ist das von Herrn Oelkers initiierte Projekt zur Einführung der Wiki-Software. Von diesem Ausgangspunkt aus streift das Gespräch Themen wie die Implementierung neuer Software, der Funktion von Führung in der Digitalisierung und dem Faktor Mensch als „Zünglein an der Waage“ in digitalen Arbeitsumgebungen.
New perspectives for testing electron-muon universality
Authors: Fleischer Robert , Malami Eleftheria , Rehult Anders , Vos K. Keri 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Intriguing results for tests of the universality of electrons and muons through measurements of rates of B → Kℓ+ℓ− and similar decays have been in the spotlight for years. The LHCb collaboration has recently reported new results which are in agreement with Lepton Flavour Universality, while the individual decay rates are found below their Standard Model predictions. In view of this new situation, we explore how much space is left for a violation of electron-muon universality. Considering new sources of CP violation and taking the new LHCb measurements into account, we show that significant differences between the short-distance coefficients for electronic and muonic final states are actually allowed by the current data. These patterns can be revealed through CP asymmetries in neutral and charged B → Kℓ+ℓ− decays. We obtain correlations between these observables and map them to the short-distance coefficients. This results in regions in New Physics parameter space with large differences between CP asymmetries of the decays with final-state electrons and muons, thereby leaving a lot of room for possible surprises in the future high-precision era.
Exploratory Data Analysis of Earthquake Moment Tensor Catalog in Japan Using Non-linear Graph-Based Dimensionality Reduction
Authors: Kubo Hisahiko , Kimura Takeshi , Shiomi Katsuhiko 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe catalog of moment tensor solutions, which contains the information on spatial location, origin time and fault mechanism type of earthquakes, has been interpreted by researchers based on a wealth of past knowledge. However, the long-term routine analyses have led to the accumulation of a huge amount of data in the moment tensor catalog, and it is worth considering moving away from the artisanal approach. In this study, using dimensionality reduction of unsupervised machine learning, we performed exploratory data analysis of the moment tensor catalog in Japan to objectively obtain comprehensive images of seismic activity and to acquire knowledge on the spatial and temporal characteristics of the earthquake mechanism. Source parameters of the moment tensor catalog in Japan, spatial location (latitude, longitude, and focal depth) and source-mechanism diagram information were embedded in two-dimensional space via a non-linear graph-based dimensionality-reduction method, Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection. On the embedding map, earthquakes in eastern and western Japan are distributed separately and are further embedded to reflect their characteristic fault mechanism and focal depth in each region. The similarity degree of the earthquakes can be obtained as the distance on the embedding map. This study demonstrates that the data visualization using dimensionality reduction is useful for intuitively and objectively understanding the regional characteristics of earthquake mechanisms. The embedding map can also be employed to visualize temporal changes in regional seismic activity and to perform a similarity search with a past event.
Particles’ distribution enhancing in aluminum-based composites produced by upward friction stir processing
Authors: Vidal Catarina , Ferreira Pedro M. , Inácio Patrick L. , Ferreira Francisco B. , Santiago Duarte , Meneses Pedro , Silva Rui J. C. , Santos Telmo G. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA new variant of friction stir processing named upward friction stir processing (UFSP) is a promising approach to control particles’ distribution and promote a more uniform distribution over a larger processed area. This variant involves using two sheets with functional particles between them to produce metallic composites. A spacer is used to ensure the desired quantity and uniform distribution of the particles and prevent sputtering. This technique promotes an upward flow to introduce more particles with a uniform distribution in the processed volume, avoiding discrete holes or grooves. This study involved enhancing the particles’ distribution by varying process parameters. The resulting trial with the best particles’ distribution was characterized by means of light microscopy, eddy current testing, microhardness mapping, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The study revealed that UFSP can improve the particles’ distribution in the stir zone of metallic composites, especially when multi-passes are performed towards the retreating side of the plates. The process parameters that produced an improvement in particles’ distribution were six passes with an offset of 1 mm towards the retreating side, the tool rotation and processing speed of 900 rev/min, and 180 mm/min, respectively, and a spacer’s thickness of 0.5 mm. The resulting hardness and electrical conductivity profiles show that the UFSP technique can significantly affect material’s properties, including mechanical strength, particularly when processing with tool offset towards the retreating side. Furthermore, the hardness increased by about 22% in composites produced with the addition of reinforcement particles. However, for some aluminum alloys, the properties decreased under such conditions. These findings highlight the potential of UFSP for producing functionalized materials with tailored properties, while also underscoring the importance of careful parameters selection to optimize the material´s performance.
Graphical Abstract
Isolation and characterization of a VHH targeting the Acinetobacter baumannii cell surface protein CsuA/B
Authors: Lei Eric K. , Ryan Shannon , van Faassen Henk , Foss Mary , Robotham Anna , Baltat Isabel , Fulton Kelly , Henry Kevin A. , Chen Wangxue , Hussack Greg 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAcinetobacter baumanniiis a Gram-negative bacterial pathogen that exhibits high intrinsic resistance to antimicrobials, with treatment often requiring the use of last-resort antibiotics. Antibiotic-resistant strains have become increasingly prevalent, underscoring a need for new therapeutic interventions. The aim of this study was to useA. baumanniiouter membrane vesicles as immunogens to generate single-domain antibodies (VHHs) against bacterial cell surface targets. Llama immunization with the outer membrane vesicle preparations from fourA. baumanniistrains (ATCC 19606, ATCC 17961, ATCC 17975, and LAC-4) elicited a strong heavy-chain IgG response, and VHHs were selected against cell surface and/or extracellular targets. For one VHH, OMV81, the target antigen was identified using a combination of gel electrophoresis, mass spectrometry, and binding studies. Using these techniques, OMV81 was shown to specifically recognize CsuA/B, a protein subunit of the Csu pilus, with an equilibrium dissociation constant of 17 nM. OMV81 specifically bound to intactA. baumanniicells, highlighting its potential use as a targeting agent. We anticipate the ability to generate antigen-specific antibodies against cell surfaceA. baumanniitargets could provide tools for further study and treatment of this pathogen.Key points•Llama immunization with bacterial OMV preparations for VHH generation•A. baumannii CsuA/B, a pilus subunit, identified by mass spectrometry as VHH target•High-affinity and specific VHH binding to CsuA/B and A. baumannii cells
Male nuptial display colour and vocalisation appear to signal independent information in the whirring tree frog
Authors: Webster Grant N. , White Thomas E. , Whiting Martin J. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
When different modes of communication are used in combination and for example convey visual and acoustic information, they form a multimodal signal. Frogs are best known for using acoustic communication, but many species also use visual or colour signals, some of which are dynamic, and may be combined with acoustic signals. In this context, the question of whether these two modes of communication reinforce the same message or offer different information is poorly understood. Male whirring tree frogs, Litoria revelata, use a multimodal signal during courtship, which combines a vocalisation and dynamic sexual dichromatism, with nuptial display colours shifting from brown or grey to bright yellow. Here, we examined the properties of the advertisement call and nuptial colour of vocalising male whirring tree frogs and tested whether the two signals were likely to reinforce each other or convey independent information. We found only weak associations between elements of male colouration and vocalisations, suggesting that advertisement calls and nuptial colour do not reinforce each other and that the signals may instead convey different information.

Significance statement
Dynamic nuptial colour and vocalisation in combination is a relatively common multimodal signal in frogs but is unstudied. We looked for relationships between properties of colour and vocalisation in an Australian tree frog to explore whether the two sensory modes formed backup signals or multiple messages. We did not find predictive relationships between nuptial colour and vocalisation, supporting the multiple messages hypothesis and suggesting that nuptial colour is not necessarily directed at females for the purposes of mate attraction, potentially differing from the assumed function of the vocalisation. Our study is also the first to formally characterise aspects of dynamic sexual dichromatism in the whirring tree frog (Litoria revelata) and the first to describe the advertisement call of this species in its southern distribution. Whilst we do not specifically address the function of dynamic sexual dichromatism in this species, our findings do not contradict the existing literature in respect to it being a male-male directed signal.
Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt creation (TIPS) in the angio-CT—a hybrid intervention with image fusion
Authors: Nadjiri Jonathan , Waggershauser Tobias , Mühlmann Marc , Ehmer Ursula , Geisler Fabian , Mayr Ulrich , Geith Tobias , Paprottka Philipp M. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Objective
For transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) creation, ultrasound guidance for portal vein puncture is strongly recommended. However, outside regular hours of service, a skilled sonographer might be lacking. Hybrid intervention suites combine CT imaging with conventional angiography allowing to project 3D information into the conventional 2D imaging and further CT-fluoroscopic puncture of the portal vein. The purpose of this study was to assess whether TIPS using angio-CT facilitates the procedure for a single interventional radiologist.

Methods
All TIPS procedures from 2021 and 2022 which took place outside regular working hours were included (n = 20). Ten TIPS procedures were performed with just fluoroscopy guidance and ten procedures using angio-CT. For the angio-CT TIPS, a contrast-enhanced CT was performed on the angiography table. From the CT, a 3D volume was created using virtual rendering technique (VRT). The VRT was blended with the conventional angiography image onto the live monitor and used as guidance for the TIPS needle. Fluoroscopy time, area dose product, and interventional time were assessed.

Results
Hybrid intervention with angio-CT did lead to a significantly shorter fluoroscopy time and interventional time (p = 0.034 for both). Mean radiation exposure was significantly reduced, too (p = 0.04). Furthermore, the mortality rate was lower in patients who underwent the hybrid TIPS (0% vs 33%).

Conclusion
TIPS procedure in angio-CT performed by only one interventional radiologist is quicker and reduces radiation exposure for the interventionalist compared to mere fluoroscopy guidance. The results further indicate increased safety using angio-CT.

Clinical relevance statement
This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of using angio-CT in TIPS procedures during non-standard working hours. Results indicated that the use of angio-CT significantly reduced fluoroscopy time, interventional time, and radiation exposure, while also leading to improved patient outcomes.

Key Points
• Image guiding such as ultrasound is recommended for transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt creation but might be not available for emergency cases outside of regular working hours.
• Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt creation using an angio-CT with image fusion is feasible for only one physician under emergency settings and results in lower radiation exposure and faster procedures.
• Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt creation using an angio-CT with image fusion seems to be safer than using mere fluoroscopy guidance.
From Second-Order Differential Geometry to Stochastic Geometric Mechanics
Authors: Huang Qiao , Zambrini Jean-Claude 
Published: June 2023

AbstractClassical geometric mechanics, including the study of symmetries, Lagrangian and Hamiltonian mechanics, and the Hamilton–Jacobi theory, are founded on geometric structures such as jets, symplectic and contact ones. In this paper, we shall use a partly forgotten framework of second-order (or stochastic) differential geometry, developed originally by L. Schwartz and P.-A. Meyer, to construct second-order counterparts of those classical structures. These will allow us to study symmetries of stochastic differential equations (SDEs), to establish stochastic Lagrangian and Hamiltonian mechanics and their key relations with second-order Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman (HJB) equations. Indeed, stochastic prolongation formulae will be derived to study symmetries of SDEs and mixed-order Cartan symmetries. Stochastic Hamilton’s equations will follow from a second-order symplectic structure and canonical transformations will lead to the HJB equation. A stochastic variational problem on Riemannian manifolds will provide a stochastic Euler–Lagrange equation compatible with HJB one and equivalent to the Riemannian version of stochastic Hamilton’s equations. A stochastic Noether’s theorem will also follow. The inspirational example, along the paper, will be the rich dynamical structure of Schrödinger’s problem in optimal transport, where the latter is also regarded as a Euclidean version of hydrodynamical interpretation of quantum mechanics.
High-frequency shock wave lithotripsy: stone comminution and evaluation of renal parenchyma injury in a porcine ex-vivo model
Authors: Rassweiler-Seyfried Marie-Claire , Mayer Jürgen , Goldenstedt Cedric , Storz Rafael , Marlinghaus Ernst , Heine Gerold , Alken Peter , Rassweiler Jens Jochen 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
The electrohydraulic high-frequency shock wave (Storz Medical, Taegerwilen, Switzerland) is a new way to create small fragments with frequencies up to 100 Hertz (Hz). This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of this method in a stone and porcine model.

Materials and methods
BEGO stones were put in a condom in a specifically designed fixture treated with different modulations to see stone comminution. Standardized ex vivo porcine model with perfused kidneys with 26 upper and lower poles of 15 kidneys was treated with the following modulations: voltage 16–24 kV, capacitor 12 nF and frequency up to 100 Hz. 2000–20,000 shock waves were applied to each pole. The kidneys were perfused with barium sulfate solution (BaSO4) and x-ray was performed to quantify the lesions using pixel volumetry.

Results
There was no correlation between the number of shock waves and the powdering degree or the applied Energy and the grade of pulverization in the stone model. Regarding the perfused kidney model, the number of shock waves, applied voltage and frequency had no direct correlation with the occurrence of parenchymal lesions The detected lesions of the renal parenchyma were minimal, technical parameters had no significant impact and the lesions did not differ from the results of former experiments using 1–1.5 Hz in the same model.

Conclusions
High-frequency shock wave lithotripsy can produce small stone fragments to pass in a very short time. The injury to the renal parenchyma is comparable to the results of the conventional SWL using 1–1.5 Hz.
Association of preoperative clinical frailty and clinical outcomes in elderly patients with stable coronary artery disease after percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Shimono Hirokazu , Tokushige Akihiro , Kanda Daisuke , Ohno Ayaka , Hayashi Masao , Fukuyado Mana , Akao Mitsumasa , Kawasoe Mariko , Arikawa Ryo , Otsuji Hideaki , Chaen Hideto , Okui Hideki , Oketani Naoya , Ohishi Mitsuru 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThere are few reports on the long-term clinical outcome after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) complicated with frailty. This novel study investigated the association between pre-PCI frailty and long-term clinical outcomes in elderly patients aged 65 years or older with stable CAD who underwent elective PCI. We assessed 239 consecutive patients aged 65 years or older with stable CAD who underwent successful elective PCI at Kagoshima City Hospital between January 1st, 2017 and December 31st, 2020. Frailty was retrospectively assessed using the Canadian Study and Aging Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS). Based on the pre-PCI CFS, patients were divided into two groups: the non-frail (CFS < 5) and the frail (CFS ≥ 5) group. We investigated the association between pre-PCI CFS and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) defined as the composite of all-cause death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, non-fatal stroke, and heart failure requiring hospitalization. Additionally, we assessed the association between pre-PCI CFS and major bleeding events defined as Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) type 3 or 5 bleeding. The mean age was 74.8 ± 7.0 years, and 73.6% were men. According to the pre-PCI frailty assessment, 38 (15.9%) and 201 (84.1%) were classified as frail and non-frail groups, respectively. During a median follow-up of 962 (607–1284) days, 46 patients developed MACEs and 10 patients developed major bleeding events. Kaplan–Meier curves showed a significantly higher incidence of MACE in the frail group compared to those in the non-frail group (Log-rank p < 0.001). Even in multivariate analysis, pre-PCI frailty (CFS ≥ 5) was independently associated with MACE (HR 4.27, 95% CI 1.86–9.80, p-value: < 0.001). Additionally, the cumulative incidence of major bleeding events was significantly higher in the frail group than in the non-frail group (Log-rank p = 0.001). Pre-PCI frailty was an independent risk factor for MACE and bleeding events in elderly patients with stable CAD who underwent elective PCI.
The positive effect of spermidine in older adults suffering from dementia after 1 year
Authors: Pekar Thomas , Wendzel Aribert , Jarisch Reinhart 
Published: June 2023

Summary
Background
A positive effect of the effect of a 3-month oral spermidine intake on memory performance has already been demonstrated. The continuation of this study aimed to examine whether there could be observed an improvement in memory performance after one year.

Method
45 residents of the nursing home “Gepflegt Wohnen” in Hart bei Graz, Styria, Austria, were given a daily dose of 3.3 mg spermidine in their diet for one year.

Results
The comparison of the MMSE test results at baseline and after one year demonstrated a significant (p < 0.001) difference. The mean improvement is 5 points.

Conclusion
The new results confirm the already proven positive effect of oral spermidine intake on memory performance.
An improved Henry gas optimization algorithm for joint mining decision and resource allocation in a MEC-enabled blockchain networks
Authors: Hussien Reda M. , Abohany Amr A. , Moustafa Nour , Sallam Karam M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis paper investigates a wireless blockchain network with mobile edge computing in which Internet of Things (IoT) devices can behave as blockchain users (BUs). This blockchain network’s ultimate goal is to increase the overall profits of all BUs. Because not all BUs join in the mining process, using traditional swarm and evolution algorithms to solve this problem results in a high level of redundancy in the search space. To solve this problem, a modified chaotic Henry single gas solubility optimization algorithm, called CHSGSO, has been proposed. In CHSGSO, the allocation of resources to BUs who decide to engage in mining as an individual is encoded. This results in a different size for each individual in the entire population, which leads to the elimination of unnecessary search space regions. Because the individual size equals the number of participating BUs, we devise an adaptive strategy to fine-tune each individual size. In addition, a chaotic map was incorporated into the original Henry gas solubility optimization to improve resource allocation and accelerate the convergence rate. Extensive experiments on a set of instances were carried out to validate the superiority of the proposed CHSGSO. Its efficiency is demonstrated by comparing it to four well-known meta-heuristic algorithms.