bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk Prediction Models and Novel Prognostic Factors for Heart Failure with
Preserved Ejection Fraction: A Systematic and Comprehensive Review
Authors: Lin Shanshan , Yang Zhihua , Liu Yangxi , Bi Yingfei , Liu Yu , Zhang Zeyu , Zhang Xuan , Jia Zhuangzhuang , Wang Xianliang , Mao Jingyuan 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) have large individual
differences, unclear risk stratification, and imperfect treatment plans. Risk prediction models are helpful for the dynamic
assessment of patients' prognostic risk and early intensive therapy of high-risk patients. The purpose of this
study is to systematically summarize the existing risk prediction models and novel prognostic factors for HFpEF, to
provide a reference for the construction of convenient and efficient HFpEF risk prediction models.

Methods:
Studies on risk prediction models and prognostic factors for HFpEF were systematically searched in
relevant databases including PubMed and Embase. The retrieval time was from inception to February 1, 2023.
The Quality in Prognosis Studies (QUIPS) tool was used to assess the risk of bias in included studies. The predictive
value of risk prediction models for end outcomes was evaluated by sensitivity, specificity, the area under
the curve, C-statistic, C-index, etc. In the literature screening process, potential novel prognostic factors
with high value were explored.

Results:
A total of 21 eligible HFpEF risk prediction models and 22 relevant studies were included. Except for
2 studies with a high risk of bias and 2 studies with a moderate risk of bias, other studies that proposed risk prediction
models had a low risk of bias overall. Potential novel prognostic factors for HFpEF were classified and
described in terms of demographic characteristics (age, sex, and race), lifestyle (physical activity, body mass
index, weight change, and smoking history), laboratory tests (biomarkers), physical inspection (blood pressure,
electrocardiogram, imaging examination), and comorbidities.

Conclusion:
It is of great significance to explore the potential novel prognostic factors of HFpEF and build a
more convenient and efficient risk prediction model for improving the overall prognosis of patients. This
review can provide a substantial reference for further research.
Advancement in Polymer-based Carrier for DNA Vaccine
Authors: Goyal Priyanshi , Malviya Rishabha 
Published: August 2023

Abstract:
A novel strategy that has the potential to solve the drawbacks of the present conventional vaccines is
the development of DNA vaccines. DNA vaccines offer a versatile and adaptable platform for treating a wide
variety of diseases, as immunization targets may be easily adjusted by altering the gene sequences encoded in
the plasmid DNA delivered. Due to their ability to elicit both humoral and cellular immune responses, their stability,
and the ease with which they may be produced, plasmid DNA vaccines are quickly becoming the vaccine
of choice, they are frequently safer than conventional vaccinations. Despite the highly encouraging outcomes of
ongoing clinical trials, these vaccines' immunogenicity is compromised by a few factors. The use of various
vaccine delivery techniques, the use of various polymer-based carriers, and the use of adjuvants are some of the
several approaches that might be examined to better the immunogenicity of DNA vaccines made from plasmids.
These advancements taken together might allow plasmid DNA vaccines to be successfully used in clinical
settings.
Research Progress in Nanopharmaceuticals with Different Delivery Routes in
the Antivirus Field
Authors: Shi Yenong , He Dongqiong , Zhang Xianwei , Yuan Mingqing , Liu Xu 
Published: August 2023

Abstract:
Human health is significantly threatened by infectious diseases caused by viral infection. Over the
years, there have been numerous virus epidemics worldwide, causing millions of deaths. Traditional antiviral
medications have many problems, including poor solubility and antiviral resistance. Additionally, because different
drug delivery methods have different biological barriers to overcome, the drug’s bioavailability will be
significantly affected. Therefore, it is essential that researchers create more effective antiviral drugs. To serve
as a guide for the future development of nanosized antiviral drugs with stronger and more precise therapeutic effects,
research has been performed on nanotechnology in the field of antiviral therapy. This review summarizes
the recent developments in antiviral nanopharmaceuticals with different delivery routes. Research on 7 typical
viruses, including COVID-19, has been included in this review. After being loaded into nanoparticles, antiviral
drugs can be delivered through several drug modes of delivery, overcoming biological barriers. Moreover,
some nanoparticles themselves have the ability to combat infections, so they can be used in conjunction with antiviral
medication. The use of nanoparticle medications through various routes of administration can result in
their unique benefits. They can be capable of overcoming its limitations as well as retaining the advantages of
this method of delivery. This will motivate researchers to conducted a new investigation on nanoparticle
medicines from the standpoint of the route of administration in order to increase the practicability of antiviral
medications.
ativismo judicial como promotor de direitos fundamentais sociais em uma abordagem a partir da teoria dos custos dos direitos
Authors: Souza Laína Milesi de , Medeiros Jeison Francisco de 
Published: August 2023

Este artigo apresenta o tema relativo ao Ativismo Judicial como promotor de Direitos Fundamentais Sociais em uma abordagem a partir da Teoria dos Custos dos Direitos. O Ativismo Judicial é considerado um fenômeno jurídico onde há atuação proativa do Poder Judiciário, em atitude alternativa nas ações políticas dos demais Poderes, quando esses se mostram omissos, negligentes e/ou ineficientes. Criteriosas ponderações foram suscitadas acerca da questão problema relativa ao binômio, Direitos Fundamentais Sociais e Custos dos Direitos, e com isso objetivou-se, compreender o Ativismo Judicial e seus efeitos sobre os Custos dos Direitos na promoção da Justiça. Além disso, levantaram-se questões que versam sobre o valor imperativo dos Direitos Fundamentais Sociais nas decisões judiciais, por possuírem natureza principiológica e força vinculante. Analisou-se o dever prestacional do Estado em relação à tutela e execução dos Direitos Fundamentais Sociais quando esses são valorados como princípios constitucionais de proteção da dignidade da pessoa humana. O trabalho possui embasamento em pesquisas bibliográficas e em artigos jurídicos relacionados ao tema em destaque, com o uso do método dedutivo, partindo-se da análise de questões genéricas acerca da atuação jurisdicional, no que tange aos Direitos Fundamentais Sociais. Por fim, foi possível afirmar que Ativismo Judicial pode ser considerado um instrumento positivo na concreção dos Direitos Fundamentais Sociais, atitude justificada e legítima do Poder Judiciário para a promoção da dignidade humana, do bem-estar e justiça social.
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN SUPERPLASTICIZER TERHADAP NILAI MODULUS ELASTISITAS PADA BETON GEOPOLIMER
Authors: Cahyani Putri Erika , Rachmansyah  
Published: August 2023

Geopolymer concrete is a type of environment friendly concrete because in term of its manufacture, cement can be replaced by waste materials such as fly ash. Based on several previous studies, the modulus elasticity of geopolymer concrete is still below the modulus elasticity of cement concrete is 4700 . To increase the value of modulus elasticity in geopolymer concrete can be obtained by increasing the density of the concrete. In this research, an experimental study was carried out by adding superplasticizer which is expected to increase the density and modulus elasticity in geopolymer concrete. Experimental studies were carried out by testing the compressive strength and modulus elasticity on geopolymer concrete specimens. The specimens were made in form of a cylinder 15 cm with 30 cm height having design compressive strength of 30 to 55 MPa. To obtain design compressive strength, NaOH was used with molarities of 8M, 10M, 14M, and 16M with the concrete being steam curing for 4 hours at 70°C, 80°C, and 90°C. The results showed that the superplasticizer can increase the compressive strength and modulus elasticity in geopolymer concrete. The modulus elasticity of geopolymer concrete is 3500 or 75% of the modulus elasticity in cement concrete.
Abstrak
Beton geopolimer merupakan salah satu jenis beton ramah lingkungan, karena dalam pembuatannya material semen dapat digantikan dengan material limbah seperti abu terbang. Berdasarkan beberapa penelitian sebelumnya, nilai modulus elastisitas beton geopolimer masih di bawah standar modulus elastisitas beton semen yaitu 4700 . Untuk meningkatkan nilai modulus elastisitas pada beton geopolimer dapat dilakukan dengan meningkatkan kepadatan betonnya. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan studi eksperimental dengan menambahkan superplasticizer yang diharapkan dapat meningkat kepadatan dan modulus elastisitas pada beton geopolimer. Studi eksperimental yang dilakukan dengan menguji kuat tekan dan modulus elastisitas pada benda uji beton geopolimer yang sudah dibuat. Benda uji yang dibuat berbentuk silinder 15 cm dan tinggi 30 cm dengan mutu rencana 30 sampai 55 MPa. Untuk mendapatkan mutu rencana, NaOH yang digunakan dengan molaritas 8M, 10M, 14M, dan 16M dengan beton dirawat uap selama 4 jam pada suhu 70°C, 80°C dan 90°C. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa superplasticizer dapat meningkatkan nilai kuat tekan dan modulus elastisitas pada beton geopolimer. Nilai modulus elastisitas beton geopolimer yang didapatkan sebesar 3500 atau sebesar 75% terhadap modulus elastisitas beton semen.
ANALISIS KESELAMATAN PADA PERLINTASAN SEBIDANG NO. 46 JL. KH. AHMAD DAHLAN JAKARTA TIMUR
Authors: Kamila Firdausia Insani , Christianto Daniel , Angkat Hokbyan R. S. 
Published: August 2023

Jalur perlintasan langsung (JPL) adalah jalur pertemuan antara rel kereta api dengan jalan raya. Salah satu contohnya yaitu di lokasi JPL 46, Jl. KH. Ahmad Dahlan, Jakarta Timur yang dijaga oleh petugas resmi Penjaga Jalan Lintasan (PJL) dikarenakan JPL 46 selalu ramai dan padat sehingga memungkinkan terjadinya kemacetan ataupun kecelakaan di perlintasan tersebut. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan metode survei langsung pada lalu lintas di JPL 46 menggunakan form penilaian yang sudah tersedia. Penelitian ini bermaksud untuk menganalisis perlintasan sebidang dan berupaya untuk meningkatkan keselamatan pengguna jalan ataupun pengendara yang melintas di JPL 46. Hasil analisis membuktikan bahwa kelengkapan fasilitas jalan di JPL 46 tidak sesuai dengan pedoman teknis perlintasan sebidang, kondisi geometrik jalan sudah cukup sesuai dengan pedoman teknis perlintasan sebidang, kondisi perkerasan sangat baik, volume lalu lintas JPL 46 dapat dikategorikan tidak aman dan perlu dilakukan peningkatan dengan membuat perlintasan menjadi tidak sebidang, perilaku pengguna jalan kurang disiplin dan mengabaikan peraturan yang ada, serta hasil analisis risiko menggunakan metode HIRARC membuktikan bahwa tingkat kedispilinan pengguna jalan yang sangat rendah yang memungkinkan untuk terjadinya potensi kecelakaan lalu lintas seperti tertabrak/tersambar oleh kereta api atau dengan sesama kendaraan.
Level crossing is a meeting point between railroad and highway. One example is at the location of JPL 46, Jl. KH. Ahmad Dahlan, East Jakarta which is guarded by an official Crossing Guard (PJL) because JPL 46 is always crowded and congested so that it allows congestion or accidents level crossing. This research was conducted using a direct survey method on traffic at JPL 46 using assessment form. This study intends to analyze level crossing and attempt to improve safety of road users at JPL 46. The results of analysis prove the completeness of road facilities at JPL 46 is not in accordance with technical guidelines for level crossing, the geometric condition of the road is quite in accordance with technical guidelines for level crossings, the pavement condition is very good, the traffic volume of JPL 46 can be categorized as unsafe and needs to be improved by making non-crossing level, the behavior of road users is less disciplined and ignores existing regulations, and the results of risk analysis using HIRARC method prove that the level of discipline of road users is very low which allows potential for traffic accidents such as being hit/struck by trains or by fellow vehicles.
AVALIAÇÃO DO IMPACTO DO CRESCIMENTO POPULACIONAL EM UM SISTEMA DE ABASTECIMENTO DE ÁGUA
Authors: SALOMÃO Gustavo Lúcio , SILVA José Henrique da , SILVA Marcelo Jacomini Moreira da , ZADOROSNY Lincon 
Published: August 2023

O crescimento populacional é uma das variáveis que pressionam os recursos hídricos, sendo assim faz-se necessário avaliar as demandas futuras por água diante de projeções demográficas, garantindo instrumentos norteadores de ações efetivas contra problemas no abastecimento. O objetivo geral do trabalho é estudar as taxas crescimento populacional de uma região e aplica-las no consumo de água médio diário de um loteamento, localizado na cidade de Santana da Ponte Pensa (SP). Utilizando simulações computacionais, o estudo avalia o comportamento da rede de abastecimento a cada cinco anos, a fim de verificar os elementos hidráulicos segundo os parâmetros da NBR 12218 (ABNT, 2017). Trata-se de uma pesquisa baseada em projeções populacionais e taxas de crescimento, que serviram de apoio para realização de simulações hidráulicas computacionais de um sistema de abastecimento de água. A rede avaliada localiza-se em Santana da Ponte Pensa/SP e o software utilizado nas simulações foi o Epanet 2.0. No período de 2020 a 2040 a projeção de aumento populacional foi de 1.448 para 1.589 habitantes. Sendo um baixo crescimento, não gerou falhas na rede de distribuição, os problemas surgiram apenas quando o loteamento chegou a 3.278 habitantes.

ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF POPULATION GROWTH ON A WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM

ABSTRACT
Population growth is one of the variables straining water resources, so it is necessary to evaluate future water demands in view of demographic projections, ensuring guiding instruments for effective actions against supply issues. The general purpose of the paper is to investigate the population growth rates of a region and apply them to the average daily water consumption of a subdivision, located in the city of Santana da Ponte Pensa (SP). Using computational simulations, the study evaluates the behavior of the supply network on a five-year basis, to verify the hydraulic elements according to the parameters of NBR 12218 (ABNT, 2017). It is a research based on population projections and growth rates, which served as support for carrying out computational hydraulic simulations of a water supply system. The assessed network is located in Santana da Ponte Pensa/SP and the software used in the simulations was Epanet 2.0. In the period from 2020 to 2040, the population increase projection was from 1,448 to 1,589 inhabitants. Being a low growth, it did not generate failures in the distribution network, the problems arose only when the subdivision reached 3,278 inhabitants.

Keywords: Distribution networks. Hydraulic simulations. Population growth.
The Impact of Some Biochemical Factors in Increasing Disease Pathogenicity of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Kuba Rasha H. , Ahmed Esraa A. 
Published: August 2023

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease with unknown etiology, though genetic and environmental factors appear to play a role in its pathogenesis. In particular, infectious processes are linked to the onset and exacerbation of SLE. The aim of the current study was to understand the relationship between some biochemical factors in SLE patients. 105 blood samples from both genders were collected. ELISA technique was used for detecting specific procalcitonin, vitamin D and calcium. The results of this study showed that SLE patients recorded the lowest percentages of calcium (7.36 ± 0.10 mg/dl) than control (11.97 ± 2.12 mg/dl), and vitamin D (7.79 ± 0.58 pg/ml) than control (22.10 ± 4.83 pg/mL). And the highest percentage of procalcitonin level in serum (35.73 ± 4.08 pg/ml) compared to the control (11.57 ± 5.35 pg/ml). Furthermore, the seroprevalence of SLE patients was the highest in the 31-45 years age group, and the majority of them were females which accounted 87.5 %. In this study vitamin D and calcium were the lowest in SLE patients. The severity of disease symptoms in SLE patients may be caused by specific alterations in vitamin D and calcium homeostasis. And procalcitonin was the highest in SLE patents.
Applying Water Quality Index Technique to Estimate the Euphrates River Suitability for different uses in Samawa and Nasiriya, Southern Iraq
Authors: Hussein Marwa M. , Al-Dabbas Moutaz A. 
Published: August 2023

Water salinity assessment is fundamental to the management of water resources. The objective of this research is to calculate the water quality index of the Euphrates River by using mathematical methods. As well as to evaluate the water for various uses by estimating the inorganic pollution in the river water in two sites: Samawa and Nasiriya sites. Based on physiochemical characteristics such as pH, TDS, EC, and concentrations of the major ions of calcium (Ca2+), sodium (Na+), magnesium (Mg2+), potassium (K+), sulphate (SO42-) and Chloride (Cl-), bicarbonate ions (HCO3-), and minor elements of nitrate (NO32-) and total hardness (TH) were applied in this research for the period from the year 2005 to 2021. The results showed that the predominant ions are SO42- and Ca2+ ions in Samawa, while in Nasiriya, the predominant ion are Mg2+ and SO42- ions. According to international and Iraqi standards, the results indicated that water at these two sites along the Euphrates River are unsuitable for drinking. It is low alkalinity and very hard water. Although, the water at these two sites is moderate saline and very good for livestock uses and of doubtful water class, based on Todd’s method of Na % for irrigation water.
In vitro Radio Protective Effects of Metformin on Human Lymphocytes Irradiated with Gamma Rays
Authors: Salman Ali Niama , Shafi Farha A. Ali , Al-Zayadi Abdual Sahib Kadhim 
Published: August 2023

Radio protective effects of metformin and its ability to alter the spontaneous and induced genotoxic and cytotoxic levels effects on human peripheral blood lymphocytes were investigated in this study. Metformin, a hypoglycemic oral drug, is a biguanide derived from Galega officinalis that is widely utilized in controlling type 2 diabetes mellitus. Whole blood samples from 10 healthy donors (5 males and 5 females) were exposed to two doses of gamma-rays (1 and 2 Gray). Lymphocytes in cultures were treated with metformin (10 and 50µM) before gamma-irradiation. Cytokinesis-block micronucleus test was used to evaluate the protective effects of metformin on radiation induced genomic damage, cytostasis and cytotoxicity, via scoring micronuclei and nucleoplasmic bridges in once divided binucleated cells as well as counting nuclear division index. The results of the current study revealed that the increase in micronuclei and nucleoplasmic bridges rate is associated with the decrease of nuclear division index in human lymphocytes exposed to gamma radiation in a dose dependent manner. Metformin effectively decreased the rate of spontaneous micronuclei and nucleoplasmic bridges paralleled with the control as well as increased nuclear division index. Moreover, treatment of whole blood samples with metformin (10 and 50 µM), 2 h preceding to irradiation, remarkably reduced rate of micronuclei and nucleoplasmic bridges accompanied with an increase in nuclear division index rate. The results introduced metformin to be an effective radio protector against DNA damage induced by gamma radiation in human lymphocytes and that it can be used to develop radio protective materials for protection cells of cancer patients from the genomic damage prompted via radiotherapy.
Analisis Kelayakan Finansial Perkebunan Kayu Manis (Cinnamomum Burmanii) Rakyat di Kecamatan Malalak Kabupaten Agam
Authors: Ilfania Meltina , Sari Rina , Hendri Muhammad 
Published: August 2023

Kayu Manis merupakan salah satu komiditi ekspor yang bernilai tinggi yang banyak dihasilkan di Kecamatan Malalak Kabupaten Agam. Budidaya kayu manis bagi masyarakat Malalak sudah menjadi kebiasaan yang terun temurun yang berfungsi sebagai penghasilan sampingan dan tabungan. Tujuan dari skripsi ini adalah mendiskripsikan perkebunan kayu manis dan menganalisis kelayakan perkebunan kayu manis masyarakat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei dan metode pengambilan sampel dengan purposive sampling. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa budidaya kayu manis di tempat penelitian layak dilakukan dengan nilai B/C = 1,6, NPV = 74.170.624 dan IRR 12,6%. Petani harus lebih memperhatikan teknik budidaya dan perhatian pemerintah pada pembentukan kelompok dan konseling.
Strategi Pengembangan Usaha Kecil Kafe Kopmil Ijo di Kecamatan Payakumbuh Barat Kota Payakumbuh Provinsi Sumatera Barat
Authors: Maharani Debby Okti , Yonariza Yonariza , Hidayat Rian 
Published: August 2023

Jumlah UKM di Kota Payakumbuh selalu mengalami peningkatan sehingga membuat tingginya tingkat persaingan. Hal tersebut mengharuskan UMKM mengambil keputusan yang tepat dalam meraih pangsa pasar dan mengembangkan usahanya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis lingkungan strategis internal dan eksternal dalam pengembangan usaha Kafe Kopmil Ijo dan merumuskan strategi pengembangan usaha yang dapat diterapkan oleh Kafe Kopmil Ijo. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan metode studi kasus. Analisis data penelitian ini bersifat kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Analisis deskriptif kualitatif untuk mengetahui lingkungan perusahaan baik lingkungan internal maupun lingkungan eksternal. Sedangkan analisis kuantitatif digunakan pada matriks IFE dan EFE, matriks SWOT dan Matriks QSPM. Tujuan dari pengembangan yang ingin dicapai adalah untuk meningkatkan pendapatan dan bertahan pada tingkat persaingan yang tinggi. Dirumuskan beberapa strategi untuk mencapai tujuan sebagai berikut: (1) Meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan (2) Melakukan pengembangan lokasi usaha (3) Pengembangan produk (4) Meningkatkan inovasi usaha. Strategi terbaik yang harus dilakukan saat ini berdasarkan hasil analisis yaitu Kafe Kopmil Ijo disarankan untuk menggunakan strategi penetrasi pasar