bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Food intolerance related to gastrointestinal symptoms amongst adults living with bile acid diarrhoea: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: McKenzie Yvonne A. , French Chloe , Todd Chris , Burden Sorrel 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe role of food in managing bile acid diarrhoea (BAD) is poorly understood. The present study explored the prevalence of food intolerance amongst adults with BAD.MethodsThe study comprised a cross‐sectional survey of adults with BAD determined by the 75selenium homotaurocholic acid test (SeHCAT) living in the UK. Participants anonymously completed an online questionnaire on 39 food items. Frequency of food in general affecting BAD symptoms, as well as frequencies of diarrhoea, abdominal pain, bloating, flatulence and consequential food avoidance after food item ingestion, were assessed. Food group avoidance was also assessed.ResultsThere were 434 participants who completed the questionnaire between April and May 2021 of whom 80% reported moderate to severe chronic diarrhoea. Food intolerances were reported by 88.0% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 84.6–90.9) of participants. Diarrhoea was reported most frequently after take‐away food, fish and chips, creamy sauces, cream and large quantities of fruit (range 41.0%–33.6%). Lowest frequencies were for potato, avocado, mango, watermelon and pear (range 3.7%–7.4%) for the foods listed in the questionnaire. Similar trends were found for abdominal pain, bloating, flatulence and consequential food avoidance. Symptom‐triggering within 30 min of ingestion was more prevalence than after 30 min for almost all foods. Food group avoidance was highest for fatty foods (81.2%; 95% CI = 77.8–85.3) followed by dairy (53.9%; 95% CI = 49.1–58.7).ConclusionsPerceived food intolerance amongst adults with BAD and persisting diarrhoeal symptoms is high. Important triggers were meals with a higher fat content and higher‐fat dairy products. Diets amongst those with persisting diarrhoeal symptoms may be overly restrictive.
Effectiveness of Snoezelen in older adults with neurocognitive and other pathologies: A systematic review of the literature
Authors: Carvalho Sónia C. , Martins Fátima S. , Martins Amélia N. , Barbosa Raquel C. , Vicente Selene G. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSnoezelen Multisensory Stimulation (SMSS) is a non‐pharmacological intervention that provides controlled multisensorial environments to stimulate the primary senses: sight, hearing, smell, touch, taste, proprioceptive and vestibular. Even though the use and potential of SMSS have been widespread in the literature regarding certain target populations (autism, developmental disabilities) and settings (e.g. leisure, therapeutic), its effectiveness in older adults with neurocognitive disorders (e.g. dementia, mild cognitive impairment) and other pathologies (e.g. psychiatric disorders, oncological diseases) is still unclear. Therefore, a systematic review of the literature was conducted to address this issue. The recommendations of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) and of the Cochrane Collaboration were followed. An initial search on PubMed and Scopus databases resulted in 86 articles of which 14 met inclusion criteria and were reviewed in detail. The outcomes showed that most of the studies (n = 13) focused on the effects of SMSS on behaviour and mood in older adults with major cognitive disorders (i.e. dementia). Although there is scarce literature on its impact on cognition, psychophysiological measures (e.g. heart rate, oxygen saturation), daily living functionality and quality of life, this type of intervention seems to contribute to delaying the worsening in severity of the neurocognitive disorders from the mildest to the most severe stages. Likewise, it is legitimate to consider the possibility of potential benefits to older adults with less severe neurocognitive disorders or other pathologies, but more research is needed.
Clinical effects of autologous follicular unit extraction transplantation in the treatment of secondary cicatricial alopecia after infections
Authors: Niu Yanchao , Ren Ci , Liao Hengli , Jin Zhoufeng , Zhu Ling 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo explore the clinical effects of autologous follicular unit extraction (FUE) transplantation in the treatment of secondary scarring alopecia caused by infections, and to evaluate its effectiveness.MethodsA retrospective observational study has been conducted, which included nine patients with secondary scarring alopecia caused by infections. All patients underwent initial autologous FUE hair transplantation surgery, and the occurrence of postoperative complications was monitored. Patient satisfaction was evaluated after 12 months post‐surgery.ResultsAt the follow‐up, postoperative satisfaction was 88.9% in nine patients, with only one case of postoperative infection and no incidence of skin necrosis, significant bruising and swelling, unnatural appearance or temporary hair loss.ConclusionsAutologous FUE hair transplantation is an effective method for treating secondary scarring alopecia caused by infections. This procedure is minimally invasive, resulting in high patient satisfaction and minimal complications postoperatively.
Ursodeoxycholic acid does not affect the clinical outcome of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection: A retrospective study of propensity score‐matched cohorts
Authors: Marrone Giuseppe , Covino Marcello , Merra Giuseppe , Piccioni Andrea , Amodeo Annamaria , Novelli Angela , Murri Rita , Pompili Maurizio , Gasbarrini Antonio , Franceschi Francesco 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundUrsodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) has been recently proposed as a modulator of angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor expression, with potential effects on COVID‐19.Aim and Study DesignWe retrospectively evaluated the clinical course and outcome of subjects taking UDCA admitted to the hospital for COVID‐19 compared with matched infected subjects. Differences regarding the severity and outcome of the disease between treated and non‐treated subjects were assessed. The Kaplan–Meier survival analysis and log‐rank test were used to evaluate the effect of UDCA on all‐cause intra‐hospital mortality.ResultsAmong 6444 subjects with confirmed COVID‐19 admitted to the emergency department (ED) from 1 March 2020 to 31 December 2022, 109 subjects were taking UDCA. After matching 629 subjects were included in the study: 521 in the no UDCA group and 108 in the UDCA group. In our matched cohort, 144 subjects (22.9%) died, 118 (22.6%) in the no‐UDCA group and 26 (24.1%) in the UDCA group. The Kaplan–Meier analysis showed no significant difference in survival between groups. In univariate regression analysis, the presence of pneumonia, National Early Warning Score (NEWS) score, and Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) were significant independent predictors of death. At multivariate Cox regression analysis, age, NEWS, pneumonia and CCI index were confirmed significant independent predictors of death. UDCA treatment was not a predictor of survival both in univariate and multivariate regressions.ConclusionsUDCA treatment does not appear to have significant effects on the outcome of COVID‐19. Specially designed prospective studies are needed to evaluate efficacy in preventing infection and severe disease.
The impact of brain tissue oxygenation monitoring on the Glasgow Outcome Scale/Glasgow Outcome Scale Extended in patients with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury: A systematic review
Authors: Shanahan Ruth , Avsar Pinar , Watson Chanel , Moore Zena , Patton Declan , McEvoy Natalie L. , Curley Ger , O'Connor Tom 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundTraumatic brain injuries (TBIs) are one of the leading causes of death or long‐term disability around the world. As a result of improvements in supportive care, patients are surviving more severe insults with more pronounced dependency on their families, hospitals, and long‐term care facilities. The introduction of brain tissue oxygenation (PbtO2) monitoring aims to recognize episodes of reduced cerebral perfusion with and without associated increased intracranial pressure (ICP).AimThe aim of this review is to determine the impact of PbtO2 on the Glasgow Outcome Scale/Glasgow Outcome Scale Extended (GOS/GOSE) in patients with moderate to severe TBI.Study DesignSystematic review with narrative and meta‐analysis. All original research in which adult patients undergoing PbtO2 were compared with a control group of traditional ICP/cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) monitoring. Both randomized controlled trials and observational studies were included in this review.MethodsDatabases were searched in September 2022. The primary outcome of the review was the impact of PbtO2 monitoring on GOS/GOSE, while secondary outcomes were mortality and length of stay (LOS) in the intensive care unit (ICU).ResultsSeven studies with a combined number of 770 patients were included in the review. These patients were adults ≥16 years of age. Only two of the studies included found a statistically significant association between PbtO2 monitoring and improved long‐term neurological outcomes in patients with TBI (p = .01, p < .01). A meta‐analysis of the secondary outcomes identified an associated reduction of mortality in favour of the group treated with PbtO2 monitoring (p < .0001). Results from studies examining LOS in ICU have demonstrated an associated increase of LOS in ICU in patients treated with PbtO2‐guided therapy.ConclusionFrom the studies included in this review, only two found a statistically significant association between PbtO2 monitoring and long‐term outcomes. It is unclear whether PbtO2 goal‐directed therapy has a positive impact on the long‐term neurological functions and mortality of patients suffering from TBI. A multicentre randomized controlled trial may provide further evidence, but not necessarily conclusive.Relevance to Clinical PracticeFurther research is warranted to determine the efficacy of the introduction of this new monitoring system to guide local policy change.
Actomyosin‐driven motility and coalescence of phase‐separated viral inclusion bodies are required for efficient replication of a plant rhabdovirus
Authors: Liang Yan , Zhang Xiaoyan , Wu Binyan , Wang Shuo , Kang Lihua , Deng Yinlu , Xie Li , Li Zhenghe 
Published: September 2023

Summary

Phase separation has emerged as a fundamental principle for organizing viral and cellular membraneless organelles. Although these subcellular compartments have been recognized for decades, their biogenesis and mechanisms of regulation are poorly understood.

Here, we investigate the formation of membraneless inclusion bodies (IBs) induced during the infection of a plant rhabdovirus, tomato yellow mottle‐associated virus (TYMaV). We generated recombinant TYMaV encoding a fluorescently labeled IB constituent protein and employed live‐cell imaging to characterize the intracellular dynamics and maturation of viral IBs in infected Nicotiana benthamiana cells.

We show that TYMaV IBs are phase‐separated biomolecular condensates and that viral nucleoprotein and phosphoprotein are minimally required for IB formation in vivo and in vitro. TYMaV IBs move along the microfilaments, likely through the anchoring of viral phosphoprotein to myosin XIs. Furthermore, pharmacological disruption of microfilaments or inhibition of myosin XI functions suppresses IB motility, resulting in arrested IB growth and inefficient virus replication.

Our study establishes phase separation as a process driving the formation of liquid viral factories and emphasizes the role of the cytoskeletal system in regulating the dynamics of condensate maturation.
Cervical Disc Arthroplasty for the Treatment of Noncontiguous Cervical Degenerative Disc Disease: Results of Mid‐ to Long‐Term Follow‐up
Authors: Wu Ting‐kui , He Jun‐bo , Huang Kang‐kang , Rong Xin , Ding Chen , Wang Bei‐yu , Liu Hao 
Published: September 2023

ObjectiveThe long‐term results of cervical disc arthroplasty (CDA) for noncontiguous cervical degenerative disc disease (CDDD) are still uncertain. Moreover, it is unclear whether CDA delays or avoids the degeneration of the intermediate segment (IS), leading to controversy in the field. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the mid‐ to long‐term clinical and radiographic outcomes of CDA in treating noncontiguous CDDD and to explore whether the IS degenerated faster after CDA than other non‐surgically treated adjacent segments.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed patients with noncontiguous CDDD who underwent CDA in our department between January 2008 and July 2018. The patients were divided into the CDA and hybrid surgery (HS) groups, and clinical and radiographic outcomes were evaluated at routine postoperative intervals. Clinical outcomes were assessed using the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA), neck disability index (NDI), and visual analogue scale (VAS), while radiographic outcomes included cervical lordosis (CL), C2‐C7 range of motion (ROM), segmental ROM, and disc angle (DA) at the arthroplasty level. Complications were also evaluated.Pre‐ and postoperative values were compared using paired t‐tests or Wilcoxon rank‐sum tests. Independent Student t‐tests or Mann–Whitney U tests analyzed continuous data between CDA and HS groups, while chi‐square or Fisher exact tests assessed categorical data.ResultsSixty‐four patients with noncontiguous CDDD, with 31 in the CDA group and 33 in the HS group, were evaluated. The mean follow‐up time was over 70 months. The most frequently involved levels were C4/5 and C5/6. Both groups showed significant improvements in JOA, NDI, and VAS values after surgery. Although CL was maintained, the CL in the CDA group was consistently lower than that in the HS group (p < 0.05). There was a significant decrease in C2‐C7 ROM (p < 0.05), but at the last follow‐up, the C2‐C7 ROM in the CDA group was greater than that in the HS group (p < 0.05). At the last follow‐up, 44.3% of arthroplasty levels had developed heterotopic ossification (HO), and 48.45% had developed anterior bone loss (ABL). In addition, adjacent segment degeneration (ASDeg) was observed in the IS (22.7%), superior adjacent segment (20.6%)and inferior adjacent segment (21.9%).ConclusionCDA or CDA combined with fusion are viable treatments for noncontiguous CDDD, with satisfactory outcomes after mid‐to‐long‐term follow‐up. ASDeg is similar in non‐surgical segments after 70 months of follow‐up. ROM of the IS issimilar to preoperative levels, indicating CDA does not increase the risk of IS degeneration.
Pediatric community acquired urinary tract infections due to extended‐spectrum beta‐lactamase versus non‐extended‐spectrum beta‐lactamase producing bacteria
Authors: Alsubaie Mohammed A. , Alsuheili Abdullah Z. , Aljehani Mohammed N. , Alothman Abdulrahman A. , Alzahrani Abdulaziz S. , Mohammedfadel Hamza A. , Alnajjar Abeer A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to evaluate the demographics, clinical characteristics, risk factors, and antibiotic resistance of pediatric community‐acquired urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by extended‐spectrum beta‐lactamase (ESBL)‐producing and non‐ESBL‐producing uropathogens.MethodsThis retrospective study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Saudi Arabia, among children aged between 0 and 14 years, with a culture‐proven diagnosis of community‐acquired UTI between February 2019 and September 2021. Patients were divided into two groups based on whether or not their UTI was caused by ESBL‐producing bacteria.ResultsA total of 383 patients with community‐acquired UTI were evaluated. Escherichia coli was detected in 72.6% of cultures. Extended‐spectrum beta‐lactamase‐producing organisms were responsible for 35.7% of UTI episodes. Of these 69% and 31% were caused by E. coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, respectively. There were no significant differences between the two groups with regard to clinical presentation or urine analysis. The resistance rates in the ESBL‐producing group were 39.4% for amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, 65.7% for ciprofloxacin, 72.3% for co‐trimoxazole, 32.8% for nitrofurantoin, 21.2% for gentamicin, and 0.7% for amikacin and carbapenems. In the non‐ESBL‐producing group, it was 22.4% for amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, 22.4% for ciprofloxacin, 38.2% for co‐trimoxazole, 23.6% for nitrofurantoin, 6.1% for gentamicin, and zero for amikacin and carbapenems. The presence of renal abnormalities (p = 0.014) and male gender (p = 0.026) were determined to be independent risk factors for ESBL UTIs.ConclusionsRecognizing risk factors and antibiotic resistance for ESBL‐producing bacteria may aid in tailoring an antibiotic regimen for pediatric patients at high risk of ESBL‐UTIs.
GLABROUS INFLORESCENCE STEMS3 binds to and activates RHD2 and RHD4 genes to promote root hair elongation in Arabidopsis
Authors: Huang Linli , Xu Nuo , Wu Junyu , Yang Shuaiqi , An Lijun , Zhou Zhongjing , Wong Chui Eng , Wu Mingjie , Yu Hao , Gan Yinbo 
Published: September 2023

SUMMARYRoot hairs are crucial in the uptake of essential nutrients and water in plants. This study showed that a zinc finger protein, GIS3 is involved in root hair growth in Arabidopsis. The loss‐of‐function gis3 and GIS3 RNAi transgenic line exhibited a significant reduction in root hairs compared to the wild type. The application of 1‐aminocyclopropane‐1‐carboxylic acid (ACC), an exogenous ethylene precursor, and 6‐benzyl amino purine (BA), a synthetic cytokinin, significantly restored the percentage of hair cells in the epidermis in gis3 and induced GIS3 expression in the wild type. More importantly, molecular and genetic studies revealed that GIS3 acts upstream of ROOT HAIR DEFECTIVE 2 (RHD2) and RHD4 by binding to their promoters. Furthermore, exogenous ACC and BA application significantly induced the expression of RHD2 and RHD4, while root hair phenotype of rhd2‐1, rhd4‐1, and rhd4‐3 was insensitive to ACC and BA treatment. We can therefore conclude that GIS3 modulates root hair development by directly regulating RHD2 and RHD4 expression through ethylene and cytokinin signals in Arabidopsis.
The impact of internet platform usage on firms' exports: New evidence for Turkish firms
Authors: Köten Emine Elçin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn the last decade, the key driver of e‐commerce growth has been the expansion of internet access. Studies indicate that the internet is transforming both the production and consumption of goods and services in the domestic and international markets. Internet platform usage has significantly decreased the barriers for firms to communicate with foreign clients and suppliers on their international market participation. Using the internet platform for marketing intelligence enables firms to access information about the external environment at a faster rate and lower cost. Thus, this paper adds to the limited literature by examining how using the internet platform can affect firms' export propensity and intensity by using the World Bank's Enterprise Survey dataset for Turkey. I use a theoretical framework introduced by Melitz (2003; Econometrica, 71, 1695) to identify the export difference between a firm that uses the internet platform and a firm that does not. I also add that fixed cost of internet adoption is firm specific due to heterogeneity in the firm's ability to access the internet. Results show that internet platform usage types have a positive impact on both the likelihood of exports and export intensity. These results are robust after controlling for the endogeneity in the telecommunication costs.
Impact Elastohydrodynamic Lubrication Analysis of Transversely Isotropic Materials in Point Contact
Authors: Nguyen Linh Thi Phuong , Li Wang-Long 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In the traditional elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) field, surface elastic deformation is usually determined using an elastic half-space model for isotropic materials. However, this theory may be inefficient when applied to point contact problems involving inherently anisotropic materials, such as transversely isotropic (TI) materials. Accordingly, the present study proposes a method for solving the EHL point contact problem between a rigid ball and a TI substrate under impact loading using a direct-solving numerical method, in which the mechanical properties of the TI material are expressed in the form of a stiffness matrix. For comparison purposes, the TI material is also approximated as an isotropic material using Turner’s approximation method based on the equivalent modulus property of the material. It is found that the direct-solving method outperforms Turner’s approximation in interpreting the mechanical properties of the TI substrate. In addition, it is shown that the initial velocity of the rigid ball and the stiffness of the TI material (i.e., the transverse elastic modulus, longitudinal modulus, and shear modulus) have significant effects on the load, impact velocity, and acceleration of the ball; central pressure and film thickness of the lubricant; and deformation and von Mises stress of the TI substrate, during the impact process. Overall, the results show that the proposed EHL model provides a useful tool for solving impact-EHL problems involving TI materials.
A Facility Location Model for Uncrewed Surface Vessels in The Maritime Survey Industry
Authors: Moorlag Lucas , Jiang Xiaoli 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The maritime industry is preparing for a future where human presence is no longer required on board of ships. This will revolutionize maritime operations and consequentially introduce unprecedented challenges to the corresponding logistics. This paper provides a first piece of reflection on mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) problems regarding remote and autonomous operations in the maritime industry. A non-standard facility location problem (FLP) is constructed to determine the optimal locations for a number of facilities serving as refueling stations, and to obtain the optimal heterogeneous vessel fleet size & mix to satisfy the inspection demand of North-Sea assets over a multi-period timeframe. The model combines distinctive vessel routing behavior to assess a heterogeneous fleet of both remotely operated vessels and traditional vessels in the maritime survey industry. The simulation results are reported for a real case study commissioned by geo-data company Fugro. The final results of the model suggest that the effective establishment of facility locations and corresponding fleet allocation can reduce the operational costs and environmental footprint of the survey operations in the North-Sea.