bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
3D bioprinted autologous bone particle scaffolds for cranioplasty promote bone regeneration with both implanted and native BMSCs
Authors: Huan Yu , Zhou Dezhi , Wu Xiuquan , He Xin , Chen Hongqing , Li Sanzhong , Jia Bo , Dou Yanan , Fei Xiaowei , Wu Shuang , Wei Jialiang , Fei Zhou , Xu Tao , Fei Fei 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Although autologous bone (AB) grafting is considered to be the gold standard for cranioplasty, unresolved problems remain, such as surgical-site infections and bone flap absorption. In this study, an AB scaffold was constructed via three-dimensional (3D) bedside-bioprinting technology and used for cranioplasty. To simulate the skull structure, a polycaprolactone shell was designed as an external lamina, and 3D-printed AB and a bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) hydrogel was used to mimic cancellous bone for bone regeneration. Our in vitro results showed that the scaffold exhibited excellent cellular affinity and promoted osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs in both two-dimensional and 3D culture systems. The scaffold was implanted in beagle dog cranial defects for up to 9 months, and the scaffold promoted new bone and osteoid formation. Further in vivo studies indicated that transplanted BMSCs differentiated into vascular endothelium, cartilage, and bone tissues, whereas native BMSCs were recruited into the defect. The results of this study provide a method for bedside bioprinting of a cranioplasty scaffold for bone regeneration, which opens up another window for clinical applications of 3D printing in the future.
Studies on the effects of cryogenic cooling on microstructure and mechanical properties of plasma arc welded SS 316
Authors: Hussain Malik Ijaz , Khushnood Shahab 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The stainless steel of grade 316 has significant use in nuclear engineering, aerospace industry and submarines and has become a material of choice due to its diversified properties. While welding this material, the heat input supplied weakens the fusion zone by grain growth, widening the heat-affected zone (HAZ), reducing yield and tensile strengths, and introducing distortion. Therefore, to address these issues, this study investigated the effect of cryogenic cooling during the welding process of thin sheets of SS 316 to improve the microstructure, mechanical properties, and reducing the distortion of the welded material. The keyhole mode plasma arc welding process was used to weld in a single pass without using filler with three different cooling methods. The microstructures, microhardness, and tensile properties of cryogenically and conventionally cooled weld samples were investigated at room temperature. The microstructural behavior of samples was characterized by metallurgical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The SEM Analysis reveals γ austenite and δ ferrite phases in conventionally welded test samples. M23C6 is formed in small amounts from δ ferrite, surrounding the δ ferrite on grain boundaries. In cryogenic cooled samples, delta ferrite is detected on grain boundaries of the austenitic matrix. Additionally, traces of (Cr, Fe)2 N are also revealed in specific cryogenic cooled samples due to liquid nitrogen impingement. In gel cooled samples, M23C6 is shown due to comparatively prolonged duration of cooling, and the results reveal that the liquid nitrogen and thermo gel improved average grain size up to 83.53% and 66.84%, respectively, as compared to an average grain size of conventional plasma weld. The reduction in HAZ is observed to be about 43.38% and 7.92% for liquid nitrogen cooled and thermo-gel samples, respectively, compared to conventional weld. Moreover, the tensile and yield strength of liquid nitrogen-cooled weldments increased up to 22.28% and 28.96%, respectively, while for gel-cooled welded sample, a 10.50% improvement in tensile strength and 3.10% in yield strength was observed. Furthermore, a reduction of 75% in distortion is achieved for welded samples with liquid nitrogen cooling.
Combatting thalassemia in the United Arab Emirates
Authors: Al-Oraimi Suaad Zayed , Davey Gareth 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Thalassemia is a major health challenge in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), however previous studies have focused on genetics and molecular characterisation while neglecting culture and society. In this commentary, we discuss how tradition and religion in the UAE (e.g. consanguinity, endogamy, illegality of abortion and in vitro fertilisation, adoption restrictions), and limited academic research, affect the prevention and management of the blood disorder. It is suggested that changing attitudes towards traditional marriage practices, education and awareness campaigns targeting families and young people, and earlier genetic testing, are culturally acceptable solutions to curbing the high incidence of thalassemia in the UAE.
Complete resolution of rectal cancer with liver metastases after palliative chemoradiotherapy and unplanned surgical resection—a case report
Authors: Choong Zhi S , Wong King H , Yang Tze W W , Nguyen Margaret , Duieb Zeev 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMetastatic colorectal cancer has poor prognosis for many patients at time of diagnosis with &lt;20% 5-year survival rate. Recent advancements in palliative chemotherapy have improved patient outcomes as median survival has increased almost 2-fold. We report a 44-year-old gentleman who initially underwent palliative chemoradiotherapy and subsequently a Hartmann’s procedure for ypT3N1M1 upper rectal adenocarcinoma with multiple liver metastases. Fortuitously, he made a remarkable recovery with complete radiological resolution of liver metastasis post-operatively. The patient has remained in remission for the past 10 years.
An unexpected diagnosis of malignant supratentorial intraparenchymal cystic meningioma mimicking high-grade glioma: case report and literature review
Authors: Idowu Olufemi I , Oshola Hammed , Emiogun Edobor F 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMeningiomas are generally dura-based extra axial tumours without cystic components, whereas high-grade gliomas are intra-axial with or without cystic component. This case describes an adult female who presented with clinical and radiological features suggestive of a high-grade astrocytoma; however, histology diagnosis was papillary meningioma (World Health Organization Grade III). A 58-year-old female presented with a 4-month history of recurrent generalized tonic–clonic seizures and a 1-week history of altered sensorium. Her Glasgow Coma Scale Score was 10. Magnetic resonance image revealed a large intra-axial heterogeneous solid mass with multiple cystic areas in the right parietal lobe. She subsequently had craniotomy and tumour excision and the histologic diagnosis was papillary meningioma (WHO Grade III). Rarely, meningioma can present as an intra-axial tumour and may mimic other lesions like high-grade astrocytoma.
Visible Cash, a Second Incentive, and Priority Mail? An Experimental Evaluation of Mailing Strategies for a Screening Questionnaire in a National Push-to-Web/Mail Survey
Authors: Zhang Shiyu , West Brady T , Wagner James , Couper Mick P , Gatward Rebecca , Axinn William G 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn push-to-web surveys that use postal mail to contact sampled cases, participation is contingent on the mail being opened and the survey invitations being delivered. The design of the mailings is crucial to the success of the survey. We address the question of how to design invitation mailings that can grab potential respondents’ attention and sway them to be interested in the survey in a short window of time. In the household screening stage of a national survey, the American Family Health Study, we experimentally tested three mailing design techniques for recruiting respondents: (1) a visible cash incentive in the initial mailing, (2) a second incentive for initial nonrespondents, and (3) use of Priority Mail in the nonresponse follow-up mailing. We evaluated the three techniques’ overall effects on response rates as well as how they differentially attracted respondents with different characteristics. We found that all three techniques were useful in increasing the screening response rates, but there was little evidence that they had differential effects on sample subgroups that could help to reduce nonresponse biases.
Alignment of RVU Targets With Operating Room Block Time
Authors: Rao Saieesh A. , Deshpande Nikita G. , Richardson Douglas W. , Brickman Jon , Posner Mitchell C. , Matthews Jeffrey B. , Turaga Kiran K. 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Surgeon productivity is measured in relative value units (RVUs). The feasibility of attaining RVU productivity targets requires surgeons to have enough allocated block time to generate RVUs. However, it is unknown how much block time is required for surgeons to attain specific RVU targets. We aimed to estimate the effect of surgeon and practice environment characteristics (SPECs) on block time needed to attain fixed RVU targets.

Methods:
We computationally simulated individual surgeons’ annual caseloads under a variety of SPECs in the following way. First, empirical case data were sampled from ACS NSQIP in accordance with surgeon specialty, case-mix complexity, and RVU target. Surgeons’ operating schedules were then constructed according to the block length, turnover time, and scheduling flexibility of the practice environment. These 6 SPECs were concurrently varied over their ranges for a 6-way sensitivity analysis.

Results:
Annual operating schedules for 60,000,000 surgeons were simulated. The number of blocks required to attain RVU targets varied significantly with surgeon specialty and increased with increased case-mix complexity, increased turnover time, and decreased scheduling flexibility. Intraspecialty variation in block requirement with variation in environmental characteristics exceeded interspecialty variation with fixed environmental characteristics. Multivariate linear models predicted block utilization across surgical specialties with consideration for the stated factors. An online tool is shared with which to apply these results to one’s particular practice.

Conclusions:
Block time required to attain RVU targets varies widely with SPECs; intraspecialty variation exceeds interspecialty variation. The feasibility of attaining RVU targets requires alignment between targets and allocated operating time with consideration for surgical specialty and other practice conditions.
Targeting neuropilin-1 abolishes anti-PD-1-upregulated regulatory T cells and synergizes with 4-1BB agonist for liver cancer treatment
Authors: Wu Qinchuan , Pan Caixu , Zhou Yuan , Wang Shuai , Xie Liting , Zhou Wuhua , Ding Limin , Chen Tianchi , Qian Junjie , Su Rong , Gao Xingxing , Mei Zhibin , Qiao Yiting , Yin Shengyong , Wu Yi , Wang Jieyi , Zhou Lin , Zheng Shusen 
Published: February 2023

Background & Aims:
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are an obstacle to PD-1 blockade-mediated antitumor efficacy. However, the behaviors of Tregs response to anti-PD-1 in HCC and the characteristics of Tregs tissue adaptation from peripheral lymphoid tissues to the tumor are still unclear.

Approach & Results:
Here, we determine that PD-1 monotherapy potentially augments the accumulation of tumor CD4+ Tregs. Mechanistically, anti-PD-1 mediates Tregs proliferation in lymphoid tissues rather than in the tumor. Increased peripheral Tregs burden replenishes intratumoral Tregs, raising the ratio of intratumoral CD4+ Tregs to CD8+ T cells. Subsequently, single-cell transcriptomics revealed that neuropilin-1 (Nrp-1) supports Tregs migration behavior, and the genes of Crem and Tnfrsf9 regulate the behaviors of the terminal suppressive Tregs. Nrp-1+4-1BB- Tregs stepwise develop to the Nrp-1-4-1BB+ Tregs from lymphoid tissues into the tumor. Moreover, Treg-restricted Nrp1 depletion abolishes anti-PD-1-upregulated intratumoral Tregs burden and synergizes with the 4-1BB agonist to enhance the antitumor response. Finally, a combination of the Nrp-1 inhibitor and the 4-1BB agonist in humanized HCC models showed a favorable and safe outcome and evoked the antitumor effect of the PD-1 blockade.

Conclusion:
Our findings elucidate the potential mechanism of anti-PD-1–mediated intratumoral Tregs accumulation in HCC and uncover the tissue adaptation characteristics of Tregs and identify the therapeutic potential of targeting Nrp-1 and 4-1BB for reprogramming the HCC microenvironment.
Adherence to LI-RADS and EASL high-risk population criteria: A systematic review
Authors: Cannella Roberto , Dioguardi Burgio Marco , Sartoris Riccardo , Gregory Jules , Vilgrain Valérie , Ronot Maxime 
Published: February 2023

Background and Aims:
The Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS) and European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL) diagnostic criteria for noninvasive diagnosis of HCC can only be applied to patients at a high risk of HCC. This systematic review assesses adherence to the LI-RADS and EASL high-risk population criteria in published studies.

Approach and Results:
PubMed was searched for original research, published between January 2012 and December 2021, reporting LI-RADS and EASL diagnostic criteria on contrast-enhanced ultrasound, CT, or MRI. The algorithm version, publication year, risk status, and etiologies of chronic liver disease were recorded for each study. Adherence to high-risk population criteria was evaluated as optimal (unequivocal adherence), suboptimal (equivocal), or inadequate (clear violation). A total of 219 original studies were included, with 215 that used the LI-RADS criteria, 4 EASL only, and 15 that evaluated both LI-RADS and EASL criteria. Optimal, suboptimal, or inadequate adherence to high-risk population criteria was observed in 111/215 (51.6%), 86/215 (40.0%), and 18/215 (8.4%) LI-RADS and 6/19 (31.6%), 5/19 (26.3%), and 8/19 (42.1%) EASL studies (p < 0.001) regardless of the imaging modality. Adherence to high-risk population criteria significantly improved according to the CT/MRI LI-RADS versions (optimal in v2018 in 64.5% of studies; v2017, 45.8%; v2014, 24.4%; v2013.1, 33.3%; p < 0.001) and the publication year (2020–2021, 62.5%; 2018–2019, 33.9%; 2014–2017, 39.3% of all LI-RADS studies; p = 0.002). No significant differences in adherence to high-risk population criteria were observed in the versions of contrast-enhanced ultrasound LI-RADS (p = 0.388) or EASL (p = 0.293).

Conclusion:
Adherence to high-risk population criteria was optimal or suboptimal in about 90% and 60% of LI-RADS and EASL studies, respectively.
Nursing Care of Children Post-Cardiac Surgery in Intensive Care Units: An Integrative Review
Authors: Vásquez Carlos Javier Avendaño , Vásquez Castellanos Luz Angela , Castellanos Arley David Forero , Pérez Jesús David Malagón 
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Congenital heart disease is one of the most common congenital disorders, affecting between 0.8% and 1.2% of live births worldwide. The treatment of children with congenital heart defects is highly specialized and includes, among others, surgical treatment as the first-choice approach and postoperative care in intensive care units. The aim of this review is to explore nursing care plans for post-cardiac surgery children during their stay in intensive care units. Methods: An integrative review was performed to obtain articles from the online databases SCOPUS, ScienceDirect, Scielo, PubMed, EMBASE, and Redalyc. The synthesis of information was performed based on diagnoses and interventions. In addition, complications and associated factors were identified. Results: Nursing diagnoses and interventions focus on problem-centered care to respond to cardiovascular and ventilatory needs, sedation and analgesia, infection control, and nutrition. The main complications identified were increased time on mechanical ventilation, postoperative infection, renal failure, and mortality. Complications were associated with intrinsic conditions such as age, gender, or type of malformation and clinical and procedural conditions such as extracorporeal circulation, mechanical ventilation, or higher postoperative risk index. Discussion: This review identified problem-focused nursing diagnoses and interventions with a strong focus on the physiological conditions of the child. Although the results of this study show the conceptual level of nurses for specialized care, it denotes the need to complement the nursing process through diagnoses and interventions that promote the transversality of care beyond the problem-centered approach based on the possibilities of the response of the child and the family.
Adverse effects during treatment with renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system inhibitors; should we stay or should we stop?
Authors: Leon Silvia J. , Carrero Juan Jesus 
Published: February 2023

Purpose of review
To discuss recent evidence on the benefits and harms of stopping therapy with renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system inhibitors (RAASi) after the occurrence of adverse events or in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Recent findings
RAASi may result hyperkalemia or acute kidney injury (AKI), particularly in persons with CKD. Guidelines recommend to temporarily stop RAASi until the problem is resolved. However permanent discontinuation of RAASi is common in clinical practice with the potential to heighten subsequent cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. A series of studies evaluating the consequences of stopping RAASi (vs. continuing) after an episode of hyperkalemia or AKI consistently report worse clinical outcomes, both higher risk of death and cardiovascular events. The STOP-angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) trial and two large observational studies also favor the decision to continue ACEi/ angiotensin receptor blockers in advanced CKD, refuting old observations that use of these medications can accelerate the risk of kidney replacement therapy.

Summary
Available evidence suggests continuing with RAASi after the occurrence of adverse events or in patients with advanced CKD, primarily attributed to sustained cardioprotection. This is in line with current guideline recommendations.
Association of Interventions With Outcomes in Children At-Risk for Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Incidence and Epidemiology Study*
Authors: Hamill Grant S. , Remy Kenneth E. , Slain Katherine N. , Sallee Colin J. , Khemani Robinder , Smith Lincoln , Shein Steven L. ,   on behalf of the Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Incidence and Epidemiology (PARDIE) Investigators and the Pediatric Acute Lung Injury and Sepsis Investigators (PALISI) Network
Published: February 2023

Objectives:
Describe the frequency with which transfusion and medications that modulate lung injury are administered to children meeting at-risk for pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARF-PARDS) criteria and evaluate for associations of transfusion, fluid balance, nutrition, and medications with unfavorable clinical outcomes.

Design:
Secondary analysis of the Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Incidence and Epidemiology study, a prospective point prevalence study. All enrolled ARF-PARDS patients were included unless they developed subsequent pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (PARDS) within 24 hours of PICU admission or PICU length of stay was less than 24 hours. Univariate and multivariable analyses were used to identify associations between therapies given during the first 2 calendar days after ARF-PARDS diagnosis and subsequent PARDS diagnosis (primary outcome), 28-day PICU-free days (PFDs), and 28-day ventilator-free days (VFDs).

Setting:
Thirty-seven international PICUs.

Patients:
Two hundred sixty-seven children meeting Pediatric Acute Lung Injury Consensus Conference ARF-PARDS criteria.

Interventions:
None.

Measurements and Main Results:
During the first 2 days after meeting ARF-PARDS criteria, 55% of subjects received beta-agonists, 42% received corticosteroids, 28% received diuretics, and 9% were transfused. Subsequent PARDS (15%) was associated with platelet transfusion (n = 11; adjusted odds ratio: 4.75 [95% CI 1.03–21.92]) and diuretics (n = 74; 2.55 [1.19–5.46]) in multivariable analyses that adjusted for comorbidities, PARDS risk factor, initial oxygen saturation by pulse oximetry:Fio
2 ratio, and initial type of ventilation. Beta-agonists were associated with lower adjusted odds of subsequent PARDS (0.43 [0.19–0.98]). Platelets and diuretics were also associated with fewer PFDs and fewer VFDs in the multivariable models, and TPN was associated with fewer PFDs. Corticosteroids, net fluid balance, and volume of enteral feeding were not associated with the primary or secondary outcomes.

Conclusions:
There is an independent association between platelet transfusion, diuretic administration, and unfavorable outcomes in children at risk for PARDS, although this may be related to treatment bias and unmeasured confounders. Nevertheless, prospective evaluation of the role of these management strategies on outcomes in children with ARF-PARDS is needed.
Botulinum Toxin Injection for the treatment of Compression of Lateral Plantar Nerve By Flexor Digitorum Accessorius Longus: A Case Report
Authors: Lee Jun Yeon , Kim Dong Hwee 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT
The flexor digitorum accessorius longus (FDAL) is an anomalous muscle with a reported prevalence of 1.6–12.2% in cadaveric studies. FDAL courses through the tarsal tunnel and has been reported as an etiology of tarsal tunnel syndrome in prior case reports. The FDAL is intimately related to the neurovascular bundle and may impinge on the lateral plantar nerves. However, very few cases of lateral plantar nerve compression by the FDAL have been reported. Herein, we report a case of lateral plantar nerve compression caused by the FDAL muscle in a 51-year-old male who complained of insidious pain at the lateral sole and hypoesthesia at the left third–fifth toe and lateral sole, and the pain improved after treatment of botulinum toxin injection into the FDAL muscle.
Characteristics of wheelchair basketball falls during the Tokyo 2020 Paralympics by sex and physical impairment classification: A video-based observational study
Authors: Tsutsumi Shogo , Maeda Noriaki , Sasadai Junpei , Shimizu Reia , Suzuki Akira , Fukui Kazuki , Arima Satoshi , Tashiro Tsubasa , Kaneda Kazuki , Yoshimi Mitsuhiro , Mizuta Rami , Abekura Takeru , Esaki Hinata , Terada Tomoki , Komiya Makoto , Urabe Yukio 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT

Objective
To evaluate the fall characteristics of wheelchair basketball players by sex and impairment classification using the official videos of the Tokyo 2020 Summer Paralympic Games.

Design
This was a video-based observational study. In total, 42 men’s and 31 women’s wheelchair basketball game videos were obtained from the official International Paralympic Committee. The videos were analyzed to assess the number of falls, playing time of the fall, playing phase, contact, foul judgment, fall location/direction, and the body part that first impacted the floor.

Results
A total of 1,269 falls (men, n = 944; and women, n = 325) occurred. The analysis of men demonstrated significant differences in rounds, playing phase, location of fall, and body part first impacted. Women demonstrated significant differences in all categories except in rounds. Comparisons by functional impairment showed different trends for men and women.

Conclusions
The detailed observation of videos suggested that men are more likely to have dangerous falls. There is a necessity for discuss the prevention measures based on sex and impairment classification.