bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Attenuation of di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate-induced hepatic and renal toxicity by naringin nanoparticles in a rat model
Authors: Al-Qahtani Malak Abdullah , Virk Promy , Awad Manal , Elobeid Mai , Alotaibi Khawlah Sultan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This study assessed the protective effect of citrus flavanone, naringin (Nar), and its nanoformulation against di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) toxicity in albino rats. Keeping green nanotechnology as the cornerstone, nanoparticles of Nar were synthesized and characterized using electron microscopy (transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy), particle size distribution, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. The synthesized nanoparticles were primarily spherical with an average size of 109 nm and a low polydispersity index of 0.175. Mature male albino rats were used for the exposure study. Group I was negative control. Groups II, III, and IV were exposed to (250 mg·kg b·wt−1) DEHP for 3 weeks. Group III was treated with bulk Nar (5 mg·kg b·wt−1), and group IV was treated with non-naringin (NNar) (5 mg·kg b·wt−1). Group V was exposed only to NNar. Exposure to DEHP significantly enhanced serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, interleukin-1β, 6, 8 (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8), and tumour necrosis factor (TNF-α). In addition, the repression of hepatic mRNA expression of nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 was also observed. In addition, marked histopathological alterations were observed in the hepatic and renal tissues. Treatment with both Nar and NNar significantly alleviated the DEHP-induced oxidative stress/inflammatory response along with the associated histological alterations. However, therapeutic utility of NNar was more profound underlining its potential in nutraceutical therapeutics with high green credentials.
Morse boundaries of graphs of groups with finite edge groups
Authors: Zbinden Stefanie 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we prove that the Morse boundary of a free product depends only on the Morse boundary of its factors.
In fact, we also prove the analogous result for graphs of groups with finite edge groups and infinitely many ends.
This generalizes earlier work of Martin and Świątkowski in the case of non-hyperbolic groups.
Relating the super domination and 2-domination numbers in cactus graphs
Authors: Cabrera-Martínez Abel , Peiró Andrea Conchado 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
A set

D
⊆
V

(

G

)

D\subseteq V\left(G)

is a super dominating set of a graph

G

G

if for every vertex

u
∈
V

(

G

)

\
D

u\in V\left(G)\setminus D

, there exists a vertex

v
∈
D

v\in D

such that

N

(

v

)

\
D
=

{

u

}

N\left(v)\setminus D=\left\{u\right\}

. The super domination number of

G

G

, denoted by

γ

s
p

(

G

)

{\gamma }_{sp}\left(G)

, is the minimum cardinality among all super dominating sets of

G

G

. In this article, we show that if

G

G

is a cactus graph with

k

(

G

)

k\left(G)

cycles, then

γ

s
p

(

G

)

≤

γ

2

(

G

)

+
k

(

G

)

{\gamma }_{sp}\left(G)\le {\gamma }_{2}\left(G)+k\left(G)

, where

γ

2

(

G

)

{\gamma }_{2}\left(G)

is the 2-domination number of

G

G

. In addition, and as a consequence of the previous relationship, we show that if

T

T

is a tree of order at least three, then

γ

s
p

(

T

)

≤
α

(

T

)

+
s

(

T

)

−
1

{\gamma }_{sp}\left(T)\le \alpha \left(T)+s\left(T)-1

and characterize the trees attaining this bound, where

α

(

T

)

\alpha \left(T)

and

s

(

T

)

s\left(T)

are the independence number and the number of support vertices of

T

T

, respectively.
Back-propagation-assisted inverse design of structured light fields for given profiles of optical force
Authors: Zhao Xiaoshu , Lin Haoze , Chen Huajin , Zheng Hongxia , Ng Jack 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Designing a monochromatic spatially-structured light field that recovers the pre-specified profile of optical force (OF) exerted on a particle is an inverse problem. It usually requires high dimensional optimization and involves lengthy calculations, thus remaining little studied despite decades of research on OF. We report here the first attempt to attack this inverse design problem. The modus operandi relies on the back-propagation algorithm, which is facilitated by the currently available machine learning framework, and, in particular, by an exact and efficient expression of OF that shows only polynomial and trigonometric functional dependence on the engineered parameters governing the structured light field. Two illustrative examples are presented in which the inversely designed structured light fields reproduce, respectively, a predefined spatial pattern of OF and a negative longitudinal OF in a transversely trapping area.
Dielectric dual-dimer metasurface for enhanced mid-infrared chiral sensing under both excitation modes
Authors: Li Jingyan , Ye Longfang 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Chirality (C) is a fundamental symmetry property of objects. Detecting and distinguishing molecular chirality in the infrared spectrum is important in life sciences, biology, and chemistry. In this paper, we demonstrate an achiral metasurface based on a gaped dual-germanium-dimer array for enhanced mid-infrared chiral sensing under both circularly polarized light (CPL) and linearly polarized light (LPL) excitations. With the metasurface, strong electric and magnetic dipole resonances with large field enhancement can be generated, resulting in an accessible superchiral hotspot in the dimer gaps under both excitation modes. The maximum electric and magnetic field enhancements exceed 220 and 100 for the bare metasurface, and exceed 70 and 60 for the metasurface coated with a 50 nm chiral biolayer under both excitations, respectively. Importantly, a high volume-averaged C enhancement C

E_ave
of 241 (444) and C

E_ave_bio
of 161 (102) under CPL (LPL) excitation can be achieved for the bare metasurface and it coated with the chiral biolayer, respectively. These results may open up new possibilities for ultrasensitive vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) and rotational optical dispersion (ORD) spectroscopy in the mid-infrared range.
Numerical investigation of total temperature distortion problem in a multistage fan based on body force approach
Authors: Guo Jin , Hu Jun , Tu Baofeng 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This paper applies a body force model developed recently to investigate the interaction between total temperature distortion and a multistage fan. The off-design performance of the fan shows the reasonable predicting accuracy and supports the present model is applicable for high-speed multistage machines. The transfer behaviors of 90° steady-state circumferential total temperature distortion as well as combined total pressure and total temperature distortion in the multistage environment are captured successfully by the model. The mechanism of the phase shift of the high temperature sector is discussed by the model to advance the understanding of the total temperature distortion problem. The results reveal that the large-scale flow feature of total temperature distortion in the multistage environment can be capably quantified by the present body force model with the acceptable computational consumption.
Study of a new effervescent atomizer design
Authors: Levitsky Inna , Razoronov Nikolay 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
We propose a new type of effervescent atomizer with bushings installed in the liquid channel perpendicular to the channel’s axis. Bushings have holes through which air is injected to create bubbles. The air is released into the gap between the channel and the bushing. This investigation evaluates the bubbles’ atomization quality. Atomizer tests were conducted at multiple water and air flow rates, under different configurations, without an exit nozzle and with a 2 mm nozzle diameter. The atomizer’s design enables a homogenous bubble flow with small air bubbles. At an ALR = 0.012–0.036 and water flow rates of 1.67 and 2.17 L/min without an exit nozzle, bubble diameters of 0.2–0.4 mm comprised 40–50% of the total number of bubbles. The number of the bubbles with diameters of 0.8–1.0 mm does not exceed 5%. After increasing the injection parameter ε twice, the average diameter of the bubbles remained constant. Upon testing, an atomizer with one bushing, 2 mm-diameter outlet nozzle, and a water flow rate of 1.67 L/min produced particle diameters of SMD = 32–100 μm at ALR values of 0.02–0.12.
A külső referenciaárak megjelenítésének fogyasztói árértékelésre és döntésre gyakorolt hatásának szemkamerás vizsgálata
Authors: Lipták Lilla , Prónay Szabolcs 
Published: May 2023

A tanulmány célja
A viselkedés-gazdaságtan szerint a fogyasztók gyakran alkalmaznak heurisztikákat, amikor döntést kell hozniuk. Ez torzított észleléshez, értékeléshez és végső soron döntéshozáshoz vezethet. Kutatásunk során ezen heurisztikák pár sajátos típusát vizsgáltuk meg. Ezek voltak a veszteségkerülés, a keretezés és a referenciapont hatás. A kutatásunk során a célunk az volt, hogy megvizsgáljuk, hogy ezen jelenségek alkalmazása a külső referenciaárak megjelenítésében hogyan hat a fogyasztók árértékelésére illetve döntésére.
Módszertan
Kutatásunk során egy viszonylag új módszertant, szemkamerás kísérletet, alkalmaztunk, amelyet kiegészítettünk interjúkkal és ártudatos viselkedéssel kapcsolatos attitűd skálával. Ezt azért tartottuk fontosnak, mert így az újszerű szemkamerás eredmények mellett - amelyek kvantitatív és kvalitatív adatelemzésre is lehetőséget adtak - a mélyinterjúk segítségével további fogyasztói insightokat kaptunk, míg az attitűd-skála lehetőséget adott arra, hogy a kísérletben résztvevőket az ártudatos viselkedésük szerint is csoportosítsuk.
Eredmények
Azt találtuk, hogy azok, akik hosszabb ideig fixálódtak az árakon pontosabban tudták azokat visszaidézni. Ezen felül a szemkamera alapján elmondható, hogy a fogyasztók jobban koncentrálnak egy ajánlatban az eredeti árra, tehát érdemes lehet ezt jobban kiemelni az akciós árhoz képest. Érdekes módon az ártudatosság és az árakon töltött fixációk száma és hossza között negatív összefüggést találtunk, aminek oka lehet, hogy az alapvetően ártudatosabbak már rendelkeznek árinformációkkal a termékekkel kapcsolatban, így azokat nem kell annyira hosszan nézniük.
Gyakorlati javaslatok
Gyakorlati javaslatként egyrészt megfogalmazható, hogy egy akciós áron belül fel kell tűntetni és érdemes kiemelni az eredeti árat. Másrészt elmondható, hogy egy összetett ajánlaton belül az árat jobb az ajánlat végén szerepeltetni, kivéve, ha a hirdető célja éppen az ár kihangsúlyozása. Kiderült az is, hogy a különböző ártudatossággal rendelkezők másképp fogadják be az ajánlatokat, így érdemes lehet a szegmentálás és célcsoportválasztást során ezt is figyelembe venni.
Evaluation of the Company‘s Capital Structure Determining Internal and External Factors in Baltic States during an Economic Shock
Authors: Pileckaitė Odeta , Subačienė Rasa 
Published: May 2023

Capital structure’s formation and management decisions are one of the most important instruments to corporate financial management, enabling relevant business perspectives. The challenges of recent years and the increasing uncertainty in the economy make it necessary to assess how changes in capital structure are influenced by external and internal factors. Consequently, the purpose of the research is to evaluate the fluctuation trends in the capital structure of listed companies in the Baltic States and the correlation between the capital structure and internal and external factors. The object of the research is the financial data and correlation between the capital structure of listed companies in the Baltic States and external and internal factors. In order to achieve the research objective comparative, synthesis, regression, correlation and expert evaluation methods are applied. Furthermore, external financing of company investments generally decreased during the economic shock. Results of correlation analysis show that the capital structure of Baltic listed companies changes depending on the analysed period and the strongest impact on changes makes such internal factor as net profitability. On the basis of regression analysis it was determined that the leverage ratio was most affected by tax burden during the economic shock. This partly indicates that during the economic shock, the capital structure of Baltic listed companies was more influenced by external factors.
Role of Triple Test in Evaluating Breast Lumps
Authors: Iqbal Sajid , Tabassum Saima , Khan Zahid 
Published: May 2023

Breast tissue undergoes constant physiological changes in a woman’s life because of influence of endocrine hormones during and after reproductive life. These changes may present as pain, lumpiness or both in the breast. Breast lumps are feared for cancer. Thus, it is important for women with a breast lump to receive appropriate evaluation. Clinical breast examination is first step in evaluation of breast lump. The diagnostic sensitivity of clinical breast examination is high (98%) whereas its specificity is low, averaging 48%. Ultrasound is preferred in evaluation of radiologically dense breasts and in the study of breasts with augmentation mammoplasties. Micro-calcifications on mammography are considered to be important signs of breast cancer. X-ray mammography detects microcalcifications in 30–50% of breast cancers. FNAC is a cheap, cost effective and readily available routine diagnostic with a sensitivity ranging between 89% to 98% and specificity between 98% to 100% for palpable breast lumps.
When combined together triple test achieves a higher sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy than any of the investigations taken alone. We conducted a prospective study to evaluate breast masses by clinical assessment, imaging and pathological examination. Results were compared with histopathology. We concluded that triple assessment in breast lumps gives superior results than any of its modalities taken alone.
Internal Hernia Through Foramen of Winslow a Rare Cause of Small Bowel Obstruction: A Case Report
Authors: Nair Vipin Venugopal , Parmjit Malik , Sharma Pawan , Raja Sarali Santhosh , Aprajita Atreya 
Published: May 2023

Internal hernia through foramen of Winslow (FoW) is rare condition as there are only 200 cases reported so far in the literature. Our patient a 78 years man presented with a clinical picture suggestive of small bowel obstruction for 5 days. Patient underwent emergency laparotomy following suspicion of internal hernia on imaging. On exploratory laparotomy there was grossly dilated bowel loops and a small segment of terminal ileum and omentum was found herniating through FoW in to the lesser sac. The bowel segment was reduced with gentle traction and herniated segment of omentum was excised due to questionable viability. Opening of FoW was unusually large and to prevent hernia recurrence it was closed partially. Postoperative period was uneventful. This unusual case presented to us diagnostic confusion and management challenge considering the previous history, multiple comorbidities and geriatric profile.
Vallecular Cholesterol Granuloma: Case Report
Authors: Vertelytė Jūratė , Morozas Arnoldas 
Published: May 2023

Introduction. Cholesterol granuloma is a rare benign cystic neoplasm characterised by a fibrous capsule, and a cystic fluid containing cholesterol crystals, multinucleated giant cells, erythrocytes and haemosiderin. Cholesterol granulomas are usually found in diverse parts of the temporal bone, most commonly – petrous apex. Very few cases of cholesterol granulomas in other organs have been reported, to our knowledge none are reported in the larynx. The main purpose of this case report is to highlight this extremely rare laryngeal lesion and its unique macroscopic appearance. Case report. A 55-year-old man is referred to the Ear, Nose and Throat Centre because of persistent hoarseness, globus sensation and complicated intubation due to a mass in the larynx. Videolaryngoscopy showed a large cyst-like mass in the vallecula, epiglottis was displaced towards the posterior pharyngeal wall and erythema of interarytenoid notch and arytenoid tubercle was present. A computerized tomography scan confirmed a cystic mass on the lingual surface of the epiglottis. On the basis of the examination and clinical symptoms, a diagnosis of chronic laryngitis, gastro-oesophageal reflux and an unspecified benign tumour of the respiratory system was made, surgical treatment was planned. The patient underwent microlaryngoscopy and surgical extirpation of the cyst using a CO2 laser, as the cyst was opened a yellowish, shiny, viscous fluid was observed. Two days later, laryngoscopy revealed fibrin plaque at the site of the cyst. Final diagnosis of cholesterol granuloma was formed based on histological examination of the mass. Conclusions. Cholesterol granulomas and masses in vallecula are extremly rare, but this case shows that cholesterol granuloma can be included in the differential diagnosis of cystic neoplasms of the larynx.
Monitoring of Geomagnetic Field Fluctuations with Luminescent Bacteria Photobacterium phosphoreum
Authors: Hretskyi І.O. , Drobot H.Y. , Pet’ko B. , Gromozova O.M. , Kisten O.G. , Gorgo Y.P. 
Published: May 2023

In recent years, one of the important goals is to develop information systems for continuously monitoring the biological impact of the variable geomagnetic field. This problem is of importance from the viewpoint of forecasting such global processes as climate changes as well. Objective. This study is focused on monitoring the intensity of the luminescence of Photobacterium phosphoreum depending on the geomagnetic field fluctuations in an automated registration mode. Pilot studies were performed using the proposed automated system for recording changes in the bioluminescence of P. phosphoreum. Methods. P. phosphoreum UCM B-7071 bacteria were cultured in a liquid nutrient medium. The study of the influence of the geomagnetic field requires simultaneous automated long-term calculations in real time. For this, a complex for continuous cultivation of P. phosphoreum B-7071 bacteria was created. A program for information processing of bacterial luminescence datasets was developed. The data on geomagnetic field fluctuations from the Subbotin Institute of Geophysics NAS of Ukraine (the Subbotin IGPH) were synchronized with the period of registration of bioluminescence changes. Then the two datasets of the variables selected for chosen time intervals were processed. To evaluate the dependence of changes in the bacteria’s luminescence intensity on geomagnetic field fluctuations, the correlation coefficients of the obtained arrays of experimental data were calculated. Results. The results obtained show the sensitivity of the Photobacterium phosphoreum luminescence to fluctuations in the geomagnetic field. The used data sampling method made it possible to average the luminescence intensity values not only with 1-min resolution, but also with 1-hour, 3-hour, and other chosen resolutions. Conclusions. The analysis of changes in the luminescence intensity of P. phosphoreum bacteria due to geomagnetic field fluctuations, with input data being synchronized in time, revealed a positive correlation. Additional analysis is needed to obtain more essential evidence for the bioresponse to the impact of illustrative indicators of geomagnetic field stormy fluctuations. Actually, further analysis of luminescence intensity changes during large natural geomagnetic disturbances or via modeling of their action in the laboratory conditions is needed.
Microbiología de zanahoria, tomate y repollo de agricultura orgánica y convencional en Costa Rica
Authors: Castro-Urbina Fiorella , Wittmann-Vega Viviana , Davidovich-Young Gabriela , Wong-González Eric 
Published: May 2023

Introducción. El interés de la población por el consumo de productos frescos como las hortalizas ha ido en aumento a través de los años. Existen diferentes métodos de cultivo para producir hortalizas como zanahoria, tomate y repollo. Los sistemas de cultivo convencional y orgánico son los más comunes. Objetivo. Comparar la microbiología de zanahoria, tomate y repollo, provenientes de fincas con sistemas productivos de agricultura orgánica o convencional en Costa Rica. Materiales y métodos. El trabajo se realizó en Cartago, Heredia y Alajuela, Costa Rica, de setiembre 2020 a noviembre 2021, durante la época lluviosa en todos los casos. Se muestrearon hortalizas de fincas modelo de producción de zanahoria, tomate y repollo, una de producción orgánica y tres de producción convencional. Se determinaron recuentos totales de aerobios mesófilos, coliformes totales, Escherichia coli, mohos y levaduras, y la ausencia/presencia de Listeria monocytogenes. Resultados. Los recuentos totales aerobios, de mohos y levaduras y de coliformes totales de la zanahoria, el repollo y el tomate de cultivo convencional y orgánico no difirieron entre sí. En las hortalizas estudiadas los recuentos de E. coli fueron de <1 log UFC/g y hubo ausencia de Listeria monocytogenes. Se encontró presencia de Listeria sp. en las muestras de zanahoria de cultivo convencional, en contraste con su ausencia en la zanahoria de cultivo orgánico. Conclusiones. L. monocytogenes estuvo ausente en las hortalizas estudiadas, que en general, tuvieron cargas microbianas aceptables según la normativa y similares a estudios reportados a nivel mundial. Bajo condiciones controladas, si se comparan con aquellas obtenidas de sistemas de producción convencional, es posible obtener hortalizas con la técnica de cultivo orgánico sin detrimento en su calidad microbiológica y con los beneficios derivados para la salud del consumidor y el ambiente.
Investigation of in vitro efficacy of meropenem/polymyxin B and meropenem/fosfomycin combinations against carbapenem resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae strains
Authors: Adaleti Rıza , Nakipoğlu Yaşar , Çalık Şeyma , Arıcı Neslihan , Kansak Nilgün , Şenbayrak Seniha , Aksaray Sebahat 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe incidence of infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) is increasing worldwide, and very limited number of effective antibiotics are available for therapy. In our study, the in vitro efficacy of meropenem/polymyxin B and meropenem/fosfomycin combinations against CRKP strains was investigated. The efficiency of meropenem/polymyxin B and meropenem/fosfomycin combinations was tested by checkerboard microdilution and checkerboard agar dilution methods, respectively, against 21 CRKP strains containing major carbapenem resistant genes (7 blaKPC, 7 blaOXA-48 gene, and 7 blaOXA-48+ blaNDM), and seven additional CRKP strains without carbapenemase genes.Among the 28 CRKP strains, the meropenem/polymyxin B combination was synergistic in ten (35.7%), partially synergistic in 12 (42.8%), and indifferent in six (21.4%) isolates. The meropenem/fosfomycin combination was found to be synergistic in three isolates (10.7%), partially synergistic in 20 (71.4%), and indifferent in five (17.8%). In 21 strains containing carbapenem resistance genes, meropenem/polymyxin B and meropenem/fosfomycin combinations exhibited synergistic/partial synergistic effects in 15 (71.4%) and 16 (76.2%) strains, respectively, compared to 100% synergistic/partial synergistic efficiency in both combinations in seven strains free of carbapenemase genes. No antagonistic effect was detected in either combination.Regardless of presence or absence of carbapenem resistance genes, meropenem/polymyxin B and meropenem/fosfomycin combinations both demonstrated high synergistic and partial synergistic activity against 78.4% and 82.1% of CRKP strains, respectively. Also, they have no antagonistic effects and can be used successfully to prevent therapeutic failure with monotherapy, according to our in vitro studies.