bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ETHNOBOTANICAL INVESTIGATION OF INDIGENOUS PLANTS USED IN THE MANAGEMENT OF SOME INFANT ILLNESSES IN IBADAN, SOUTH-WESTERN NIGERIA
Authors: Aworinde David Olaniran , Erinoso Sakiru Morenikeji 
Published: June 2023

Background: Ethnobotanical information on indigenous plants used in the management of infant illnesses was sourced from Bode herbal market in Ibadan South-western Nigeria to preserve indigenous knowledge of medicinal plants, and demonstrate the role of traditional medicine as complementary healthcare system.
Methods: Information was gathered using periodic open-ended questionnaire and personal interview. The respondents were randomly selected and consist, fifteen (15) women - herb sellers (of between 25-50, age range) who prescribed workable recipes used in the management of scalp infections, abscess, convulsion and cold shivers. The recipes documented are enumerated and served as groundbreaking preparations in infant diseases’ management.
Results: The survey yielded 48 plant species belonging to 31 plant families. The family Fabaceae has the highest number of species followed by Combretaceae, Meliaceae, Euphorbiaceae. The leaves and roots constituted the frequency of plant parts used; while the stem has the least frequency. The methods of preparation purposefully cited were decoction, infusion, and soap; others include steeping in cold water and cream whereas the solvent of choice was water. A particular brand of bottle water was preferable for herbal preparation. Other ingredients cited include soft traditional black soap, sulphur, Shea butter, antimony/black lead ore, and local sponge. Method of administration and dosage involves diluting extracts from infusion or decoction in higher parts of water – to be drunk, as well as for bath.
Conclusion and Application of Results: The study documented indigenous knowledge of plants used in the management of infants’ ailments. Results showed that herbal medicines have played and will continue to play significant roles as alternative or complementary healthcare delivery system. There is need for the sensitization of indigenous people on the conservation of plant resources especially in cases where the root (part) features in prescriptions. A regulatory measure for herbal practitioners as well as public enlightenment is recommended to help sustain and increase the awareness in herbal therapy to different audience. Again, the isolation and identification of active compounds as well as evaluative toxicity test could reveal and confirm indigenous claims by assurring safety in administration.
THE ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF CLAUSENA ANISATA HOOK, A SOUTH AFRICAN MEDICINAL PLANT
Authors: Lawal Ibraheem Oduola , Grierson Don S , Afolayan Anthony AJ 
Published: June 2023

Background: Clausena anisata Hook also known as Iperepesi in Xhosa language is a medicinal plant used traditionally for the treatment of various ailments and some opportunistic infections associated with tuberculosis (TB). Patients in South Africa based on the phytotherapeutic information on this species in the Eastern Cape, use this medicinal plant. Hence, the antibacterial activity of various solvent extracts of the leaves and barks were respectively, evaluated using selected bacterial strains.
Method: The leaves and stem bark were tested against 10 selected strains of Gram - positive and Gram - negative bacteria through the agar dilution method. Acetone, dichloromethane and water extracts were used for the extraction. MIC was determined at different concentrations (0.1mg/ml, 0.5mg/ml, 1mg/ml and 5mg/ml) and the results obtained were compared to that of standard antibiotics.
Result: The acetone extract of the leaves were more active against both Gram-positive and Gram –negative bacteria with MIC ranging from 0.1 mg/ml - 0.5 mg / ml. The dichloromethane extract of the bark showed appreciable activities against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538) (MIC: 0.1mg /ml) Escherichia coli and, Streptococcus pyogenes with an MIC of 5mg/ml respectively. On the other hand, the aqueous extract of the leaves showed no activity against the tested organisms with the exception of the aqueous bark extract which inhibited Staphylococcus aureus (MIC: 0.5mg/ml) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MIC: 5mg/ml).
Conclusion: This study confirmed the antibacterial activities of acetone extract of the leaves of Clausena anisata. The capability of this extract to inhibit both Gram positive and negative bacteria is an indication that the extract is a potential broad spectrum antibacterial. The result of this study further justified its indigenous use for the treatment of bacteria commonly associated with TB especially among the people of Nkonkobe Municipality.
THE PROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF CASSAVA ( MANIHOT ESCULENTA CRANTZ ) LEAF FLAVONOID EXTRACTS ON LIVER DAMAGE OF CARBON TETRACHLORIDE INJURED MICE
Authors: Tao Hai-Teng , Bin Qiu , Du Fang-Ling , Tong-Cheng Xu , Li-Na Liu , Feijie Lu , Kai-Mian Li , Wei Liu 
Published: June 2023

Background: Cassava leaf contains many kinds of flavonoids, most of flavonoids function as effective antioxidants in vivo. The protective effects of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) leaf flavonoid extracts on liver damage were evaluated by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced injury in mice.
Materials and methods: The protective effects of cassava leaf flavonoid extracts on liver damage were evaluated using CCl4-induced injury in mice. The mice were weighted to calculate sample quantity of mice. Bloods were taken to evaluate ALT and AST of serums. Livers were excised and weighted, and fixed for pathological observation. Prepared 10% liver tissue homogenate was used to evaluate MDA, SOD, GSH-PX levels.
Results: Cassava leaf flavonoid extracts significantly decreased (p < 0.05) the relative liver weight when compared with the CCl4-treated group. The contents of ALT and AST in serum of experiment mice declined significantly when compared to those of the CCl4-treated group, but did not reach normal levels of control group. Pathological observation of livers showed that cassava leaf flavonoid extracts significantly ameliorated the CCl4-induced pathological changes.
Conclusion These results provided biological evidence that cassava leaf flavonoid extracts indeed expressed potential efficacy of prohibiting liver injury in mice.
ANTIPROLIFERATION EFFECTS OF SELECTED TANZANIA PLANTS
Authors: Choi Chun Whan , Song Seok Bean , Oh Joa Sub , Kim Young Ho 
Published: June 2023

Background: Plants still remain a prime source of drugs for the treatment of cancer and can provide leads for the development of novel anticancer agents. Our screening of indigenous medicinal plants from Tanzania has led to the identification of the number of anticancer activity.
Material and methods: The current study investigates the cytotoxic activity of methanol extracts of one hundred and thirty seven Tanzania plants used locally for the traditional medicine herb using the MTS assay on the HepG2 cell lines.
Result 16% of the tested plant extracts showed moderate to strong inhibitory activity with IC50 values ranging from 17.1 ± 1.1 μg/ml to 79.2 ± 0.7 μg/ml ; meanwhile, ten extracts (7.3%) could demonstrate cytotoxic activity with IC50 values less than 27.6 ± 2.0 μg/ml; twelve extracts (8.8%) could demonstrate cytotoxic activity with IC50 values ranging from 30.4 ± 1.6 μg/ml to 79.2 ± 0.7μg/ml.
Conclusion : Especially, a methanol extract from the bark extract of Erythrophleum zimmermannii (Fabaceae) was found to be the most cytotoxicity against HepG2 cell lines (IC50 = 17.1 ± 1.1 μg/ml).
The Transdiagnostic Intervention for Sleep and Circadian Dysfunction (TranS-C) for serious mental illness in community mental health part 2: Study protocol for a hybrid type 2 effectiveness-implementation cluster-randomized trial using train-the-trainer
Authors: Callaway Catherine A. , Sarfan Laurel D. , Agnew Emma R. , Dong Lu , Spencer Julia M. , Hache Rafael Esteva , Diaz Marlen , Howlett Shayna A. , Fisher Krista R. , Yates Heather E. Hilmoe , Stice Eric , Kilbourne Amy M. , Buysse Daniel J. , Harvey Allison G. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Train-the-trainer (TTT) is a promising method for implementing evidence-based psychological treatments (EBPTs) in community mental health centers (CMHCs). In TTT, expert trainers train locally embedded individuals (i.e., Generation 1 providers) to deliver an EBPT, who then train others (i.e., Generation 2 providers). The present study will evaluate implementation and effectiveness outcomes of an EBPT for sleep and circadian dysfunction—the Transdiagnostic Intervention for Sleep and Circadian Dysfunction (TranS-C)—delivered to CMHC patients with serious mental illness by Generation 2 providers (i.e., trained and supervised within CMHCs via TTT). Specifically, we will investigate whether adapting TranS-C to fit CMHC contexts improves Generation 2 (a) patient outcomes (b) providers’ perceptions of fit.
Methods
TTT will be implemented in nine CMHCs in California, United States (N = 60 providers; N = 130 patients) via facilitation. CMHCs are cluster-randomized by county to Adapted TranS-C or Standard TranS-C. Within each CMHC, patients are randomized to immediate TranS-C or usual care followed by delayed treatment with TranS-C (UC-DT). Aim 1 will assess the effectiveness of TranS-C (combined Adapted and Standard), compared to UC-DT, on improvements in sleep and circadian problems, functional impairment, and psychiatric symptoms for Generation 2 patients. Aim 2 will evaluate whether Adapted TranS-C is superior to Standard TranS-C with respect to Generation 2 providers’ perceptions of fit. Aim 3 will evaluate whether Generation 2 providers’ perceived fit mediates the relation between TranS-C treatment condition and patient outcomes. Exploratory analyses will: (1) evaluate whether the effectiveness of TranS-C for patient outcomes is moderated by generation, (2) compare Adapted and Standard TranS-C on patient perceptions of credibility/improvement and PhenX Toolkit outcomes (e.g., substance use, suicidality); and (3) evaluate other possible moderators.
Discussion
This trial has potential to inform the process of (a) embedding local trainers and supervisors to expand delivery of a promising transdiagnostic treatment for sleep and circadian dysfunction, (b) adding to the growing body of TTT literature by evaluating TTT outcomes with a novel treatment and population, and (c) advancing our understanding of providers’ perceptions of EBPT ‘fit’ across TTT generations.
Trial registration:
Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT05805657. Registered on April 10, 2023. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05805657
The Impact of Antecedents of Parent Involvement on Child Academic Achievement with the Mediating Role of Self-Regulated Learning: Using the PLS-SEM Approach
Authors: Bo Ding , Vijayakumar S. , (Retired) Prof. Muhammad Salman Yousaf , A Diana Josephine. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The study examines how parental involvement affects a child’s academic progression. There are three ways that parents can show their involvement. Primarily it is home school conferencing, secondly home based involvement and last approach is school-based involvement. It is studied how these variables affect students’ academic achievements. These Datas are collected from Luoyang City, China. A total of 1500 members have participated in this study from 150 schools, of which 80 are public sector schools while the rest are from the private sector. This research is to validate the hypothesis and examine the relationship between the variables using a questionnaire survey approach. Structural equation modelling analyses the relationship between the variables using the partial least squares method (PLS-SEM). It also demonstrates the reflection on the relationship between parental involvement and student academic achievement. It is aided by self-regulated learning and the antecedents of parental involvement are highly related to the kids’ academic achievement. Anecdotal research has been done on this child’s academic achievement, parental involvement, and the mediating role of self-regulated learning using the PLS-SEM approach. The outcome of this study will be very significant and beneficial for the child’s academic achievement.
Aerobic Exercise Supplementation on Medication Improves Depression Scores: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Huang Yue , Cen Huijie , Hu Xinyi , Ma Chenxi , Yu Bei , Hao Jingxuan , Wang Mengfei , Zhang Jianping 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Neuroendocrine disruption is an important mechanism in the development of depression and the modulation of neuroendocrine disruption by aerobic exercise suggests a potential antidepressant effect. Therefore, the aim of this study was to quantitatively assess the effect of aerobic exercise on depression on the basis of pharmacological treatment alone.
Methods
We conducted a randomized trial with a meta-analysis of 8 RCT studies to assess the effect of aerobic exercise on depression based on pharmacotherapy.
Results
On the basis of medication, we found a positive overall effect of aerobic exercise supplementation. This effect was seen in both moderate depression (-1.13 [-1.56, -0.71], I2 = 0%, P = 0.803) and major depression (-0.72 [-0.89, -0.55], I2 = 33%, P = 0.144), with a relatively better effect for moderate depression. In addition, a 12-week course of adjunctive aerobic exercise was the most effective in improving depression in the included clinical studies by cumulative meta-analysis.
Conclusion
The meta-analysis provides recommendations for adjunctive aerobic exercise treatment on top of medication alone. The outcome data demonstrate the better efficacy of aerobic exercise as an adjunct to antidepressants versus medication alone. Additional clinical trials are necessary in the future to develop optimal exercise parameters for different populations.
Tooth Profile Construction and Experimental Verification of Non-circular Gear Based on Double Arc Active Design
Authors: Wang Kang , Gao Zhenshan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The design of a double arc pitch curve is a new non-circular gear tooth construction method. Compared with the higher-order elliptic method, although the double arc method has the advantage of low manufacturing difficulty, the problem, in the process of designing the double arc pitch curve for solving the number of teeth is non-integer teeth trade-off problem and nonlinear model solving the solution is local convergence, has not been solved. Based on the meshing characteristics of the gear in the limit position of the double arc method and the theory of the surface's relative curvature consistency, the pitch curve's characteristic parameters are selected actively. To avoid the design difficulties y1 and y2 of the numerical solution instability, the most optimal parameter solutions are obtained by evaluating the distribution characteristics of the keys of the nonlinear system of equations. They use orthogonal tests to determine the ideal tooth combinations; tooth profiles of non-circular gears are built based on the constructed tooth rounding handling rules. Trial manufacturing and hydraulic loading tests reveal that the product’s torque at the rated speed is around 2% higher than that of the foreign prototype.
Novel N-Substituted Sophoridine Derivatives: Design, QSAR, Synthesis and Anticancer Activities
Authors: Zhu Lin , Yu Yongle , Shi Yenong , Yang Yuwen , Wang Lisheng , Liu Xu 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Sophoridine, which is derived from the Leguminous plant Sophora alopecuroides L., has certain pharmacological activity as a new anticancer drug. Herein, a series of novel N-substituted sophoridine derivatives were designed and synthesized. 2D and 3D-QSAR anticancer activity prediction models of the sophoridine derivatives were established to predict the IC50 values of the 28 designed compounds, and the results showed that the introduction of appropriate substituents on the nitrogen atom at the 12-position of sophoridinic acid may enhance their anticancer activities. The structures of 28 novel N-substituted sophoridine derivatives were confirmed by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance, 13C nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry, and their anticancer activities against four human tumor cell lines (A549, CNE-2, HepG-2, and HEC-1-B) were evaluated by MTT assay. In particular, Compound 26 presented the most significant inhibitory activity, with an IC50 of 15.6 μM against HepG-2 cells, indicating that it has potential anticancer activity. Cell cycle analysis with 26 showed that this designed sophoridine derivative could arrest cells in G0/G1 phase. This study provides a new pathway for the structural modification of this class of compounds and the research and development of anticancer drugs.
Bemerkenswerte Flechtenfunde aus Rheinland-Pfalz und Luxemburg
Authors: Killmann Dorothee , Fischer Eberhard 
Published: June 2023

Für die folgenden bemerkenswerten Flechtenarten werden neue Fundorte aus Rheinland-Pfalz und dem benachbarten Luxemburg mitgeteilt: Anaptychia ciliaris, Bacidina chloroticula, Calicium adspersum, Calicium glaucellum, Chaenotheca brunneola, Chaenotheca trichialis, Dermatocarpon luridum, Enterographa hutchinsiae, Fellhanera bouteillei, Fellhanera subtilis, Hypogymnia farinacea, Hypotrachyna revoluta, Lecania naegelii, Mycoblastus sanguinarius, Parmelia submontana, Ramalina fastigiata, Ramalina fraxinea, Squamarina cartalaginea und Stereocaulon vesuvianum.
The Correlation of Financial Management Practices and Controlling Mechanisms for Financial Management Challenges and Issues The Case of Franciscan Missionaries of Mary Congregation
Authors: War War , Barlis Maria Joan P. 
Published: June 2023

The study analyzed financial management practices and controlling mechanisms for financial management challenges and issues in religious congregations, specifically the Franciscan Missionaries of Mary Congregation. The study was based on a questionnaire survey sent to 305 respondents among the religious sisters. Weighted mean and the Spearman rho coefficient values were applied in the statistical processing of the data. The results showed a significant positive relationship between financial management practices and the controlling mechanisms for financial management challenges and issues, suggesting that a lack of control mechanisms could lead to the possibility of fraud. The study suggests that good financial management practices impact management resources and decision-making. The study highlights the importance of financial management practices for non-profit organizations, as they can be prone to financial challenges and issues due to lack of resources or mismanagement and its effectiveness is crucial for the sustainability, growth, and impact of the organization.
Pengaruh Penggunaan Media Audio Visual Terhadap Hasil Belajar Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Miftahus Shibyan Semarang
Authors: Yulinar Tri , Shanie Arsan 
Published: June 2023

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan media audio visual terhadap hasil belajar siswa Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Miftahus Shibyan Semarang pada mata pelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam. Metode kuasi eksperimen telah dilakukan dengan metode observasi, tes, dan dokumentasi. Hasil observasi sebelum pemberian perlakuan menunjukkan bahwa siswa terlihat pasif, merasa bosan, sulit memahami materi, mengantuk, tidak semangat, dan kurang aktif di dalam proses pembelajaran. Selain itu, hasil belajar siswa juga tergolong rendah. Adapun hasil observasi setelah pemberian perlakuan menunjukkan bahwa siswa terlihat aktif, lebih semangat, antusias dalam belajar, termotivasi, dapat memahamkan materi. Selain itu, hasil belajar siswa setelah pemberian perlakuan juga mengalami peningkatan karena nilai rata-rata pre-test pada kelas eksperimen adalah 53,065 dan nilai post-test adalah 85,645. Selain itu, hasil perhitungan koefisien uji regresi linier sederhana diperoleh t_hitung 4,073 t_(tabel ) 2,022 dengan nilai sig. 0,000 0,05, artinya terdapat pengaruh variabel X terhadap variiabel Y. Dengan demikian, penggunaan media audio visual terbukti berpengaruh terhadap hasil belajar Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam dengan kontribusi sebesar 36,4%, dan sisanya dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain.AbstractThis study aims to determine the effect of the use of audio-visual media on the learning outcomes of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Miftahus Shibyan Semarang students in Natural Science subjects. Quasi-experimental methods have been carried out with observation, test, and documentation methods. The results of observations before giving treatment showed that students looked passive, bored, difficult to understand the material, sleepy, not enthusiastic, and less active in the learning process. In addition, student learning outcomes are also relatively low. The results of observations after giving treatment showed that students looked active, more enthusiastic, enthusiastic in learning, motivated, and able to understand the material. In addition, student learning outcomes after treatment also increased because the average pre-test score in the experimental class was 53,065, and the post-test score was 85,645. In addition, the simple linear regression test coefficient calculation results were obtained t_hitung 4.073 t_(table) 2.022 with sig values. 0.000 0.05, meaning that variable X influences variability Y. Thus, the use of audio-visual media is proven to affect the learning outcomes of Natural Sciences with a contribution of 36.4%, and the rest is influenced by other variables.
Managing Solid Waste In School Environment Through Composting Approach
Authors: Mpuangnan Kofi Nkonkonya , Mhlongo Hlengiwe Romualda , Govender Samantha 
Published: June 2023

This study aimed at improving solid waste disposal in schools by using the composting approach. The theory that underpinned this study was Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle (3R) theory, while the necessary data were gathered by using a synthesis and integration approach. The following three research questions were framed to guide the conduct of the study: How important is solid waste management in schools? What pedagogical techniques are most effective for promoting environmental sustainability by teaching composting in schools? What are the challenges involved in the composting process at school? The synthesis and integration approach assisted in integrating concepts from different sources and synthesizing those concepts to create a comprehensive and cogent argument in accordance with emerging themes. It was discovered that solid waste management in schools was particularly crucial since schools produced a lot of rubbish and that waste may affect the environment negatively. Composting is essential to improve school solid waste because it enhances soil health, decreases waste, and encourages sustainable agricultural methods. Three pedagogical techniques that could be utilized to facilitate the teaching and learning of composting in schools have evolved based on the theoretical framework and the literature provided. Project-based learning (PBL), hands-on learning, and inquiry-based learning were some of the new pedagogical strategies. However, some of the challenges with the composting process were identified as follows: difficulty in regulating the moisture level of the compost, keeping the proper balance of carbon and nitrogen in the compost pile, and inability to educate students and staff about the composting process.