bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Survey to Assess Awareness and Knowledge on the Role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Dentistry among Dental Teaching Faculty from Various Dental Colleges across India
Authors: Rao B. Lakshmana , ChandraSekhar G. , Reddy Ragipindi N. R. Raviteja , Karthik P. , Shivakiran Y. , Nalla Sandeep 
Published: April 2023

Aim: The aim of present study was intended to assess the dental teaching faculty of various dental colleges across India were how much aware and know about the role of Artificial Intelligence (AI)in Dentistry.
Study Design: A descriptive cross-sectional study was performed using a pre-designed questionnaire through various social media.
Place and Duration of Study: Through e-mails, and Whats App, the Questionnaire was sent to the participants of various dental colleges across India from 6th February 2023 to 31st March 2023.
Methodology: Validated and pre-tested questionnaire was used and sent to dental teaching faculty of various dental institutions across India. A total of 407 responses were received. The received data was entered in Microsoft Excel sheet. Descriptive Statistical Analysis was done by using IBM SPSS version 26.
Results: A total of 407 faculty members participated. Associate Professors/Readers stood in first place (149) and the least participation from Assistant Professors/Senior Lecturers (43). Gender wise males are dominated (217) than females (190). 42.4% of Professors were aware about the applications of AI already using in Dentistry and 93.9% of the participants of the opinion that in the future, AI is threat for the dentists.
Conclusion: Almost all the participants expressed their opinion on AI based treatment which will be accepted by the patients and all the teaching faculty members knows about the latest advances of AI in dentistry.
Adverse Events of Cannabidiol Use in Patients With Epilepsy
Authors: Fazlollahi Asra , Zahmatyar Mahdi , ZareDini Mahta , Golabi Behnam , Nejadghaderi Seyed Aria , Sullman Mark J. M. , Gharagozli Koroush , Kolahi Ali-Asghar , Safiri Saeid 
Published: April 2023

ImportanceEpilepsy is one of the most common neurologic disorders globally. Cannabidiol (CBD) has been approved for the treatment of epilepsy, but its use has been associated with several different adverse events (AEs).ObjectiveTo investigate the frequency and risk of AEs developing in patients with epilepsy who are using CBD.Data SourcesPubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched for relevant studies published from database inception up to August 4, 2022. The search strategy included a combination of the following keywords: (cannabidiol OR epidiolex) AND (epilepsy OR seizures).Study SelectionThe review included all randomized clinical trials that investigated at least 1 AE from the use of CBD in patients with epilepsy.Data Extraction and SynthesisBasic information about each study was extracted. I2 statistics were calculated using Q statistics to assess the statistical heterogeneity among the included studies. A random-effects model was used in cases of substantial heterogeneity, and a fixed-effects model was used if the I2 statistic for the AEs was lower than 40%. This study was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guideline.Main Outcomes and MeasuresFrequency of each AE and risk of developing each AE in patients with epilepsy using CBD.ResultsNine studies were included. Overall incidences of 9.7% in the CBD group and 4.0% in the control group were found for any grade AEs. The overall risk ratios (RRs) for any grade and severe grade AEs were 1.12 (95% CI, 1.02-1.23) and 3.39 (95% CI, 1.42-8.09), respectively, for the CBD group compared with the control group. Compared with the control group, the CBD group had a greater risk for incidence of serious AEs (RR, 2.67; 95% CI, 1.83-3.88), AEs resulting in discontinuation (RR, 3.95; 95% CI, 1.86-8.37), and AEs resulting in dose reduction (RR, 9.87; 95% CI, 5.34-14.40). Because most of the included studies had some risk of bias (3 raised some concerns and 3 were at high risk of bias), these findings should be interpreted with some caution.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials, the use of CBD to treat patients with epilepsy was associated with an increased risk of several AEs. Additional studies are needed to determine the safe and effective CBD dosage for treating epilepsy.
Association Between 5α-Reductase Inhibitors and Prostate Cancer Mortality
Authors: Baboudjian Michael , Gondran-Tellier Bastien , Dariane Charles , Fiard Gaëlle , Fromont Gaëlle , Rouprêt Morgan , Ploussard Guillaume 
Published: April 2023

ImportanceRecently, several large, high-quality analyses have shown opposing results regarding the association between 5α-reductase inhibitor (5-ARI) use and prostate cancer (PCa) mortality.ObjectiveTo systematically evaluate the current evidence regarding 5-ARI use and PCa mortality.Data SourcesA literature search began in and was conducted through August 2022 using PubMed/Medline, Embase, and Web of Science databases.Study SelectionStudies were deemed eligible if they included male patients of any age who were 5-ARI users and were compared with those who were nonusers if they analyzed PCa mortality in randomized clinical trials and prospective or retrospective cohort studies.Data Extraction and SynthesisThis study was reported in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) reporting guideline. Adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) were extracted from published articles. Data analysis was performed in August 2022.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was PCa mortality among 5-ARI users vs nonusers. The inverse variance method with adjusted HRs and random-effect models were used to determine the association between 5-ARI use and PCa mortality. Two subgroup analyses were performed to assess the effect of 2 main confounders: prostate-specific antigen level and PCa diagnosis at baseline.ResultsAmong 1200 unique records screened, 11 studies met the inclusion criteria. A total of 3 243 575 patients were included: 138 477 users of 5-ARI and 3 105 098 nonusers. There was no statistically significant association between 5-ARI use and PCa mortality (adjusted HR, 1.04; 95% CI, 0.80-1.35; P = .79). No significant association was found when the analysis was restricted to studies that excluded patients with a diagnosis of PCa at baseline (adjusted HR, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.60-1.67; P = .99) or the analysis was restricted to prostate-specific antigen–adjusted studies (adjusted HR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.57-1.03; P = .08).Conclusions and RelevanceThis systematic review and meta-analysis, which draws on 2 decades of epidemiologic literature and includes more than 3 million patients, found no statistically significant association between 5-ARI use and PCa mortality but provides important data to inform clinical care.
High Oxide‐Ion Conductivity through the Interstitial Oxygen Site in Sillén Oxychlorides
Authors: Yaguchi Hiroshi , Morikawa Daisuke , Saito Takashi , Tsuda Kenji , Yashima Masatomo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractOxide‐ion conductors are gaining attention as future materials in energy applications, such as solid oxide fuel cells. Many Bi‐containing compounds exhibit high oxide‐ion conductivity via conventional vacancy mechanism. However, interstitial oxide‐ion conduction is rare in Bi‐containing materials. Herein, high oxide‐ion conductivity is reported through interstitial oxygen sites in Sillén oxychlorides, LaBi2−xTexO4+x/2Cl (Bi2LaO4Cl‐based oxychlorides). Oxide‐ion conductivity of LaBi1.9Te0.1O4.05Cl is 20 mS cm−1 at 702 °C, and higher than best oxide‐ion conductors as Bi2V0.9Cu0.1O5.35 below 201 °C. Despite of the presence of Bi and Te species, LaBi1.9Te0.1O4.05Cl shows extremely high chemical and electrical stability at 400 °C from oxygen partial pressure 10−25 to 0.2 atm and high chemical stability under CO2 flow, wet 5% H2 in N2 flow, and air with natural humidity. Neutron scattering length density analysis, DFT calculations, and ab initio molecular dynamics simulations indicate that the extremely high oxide‐ion conduction is attributed to cooperative diffusion through interstitial oxygen sites (interstitialcy diffusion mechanism) in triple fluorite‐like layers. The present findings demonstrate the ability of LaBi2−xTexO4+x/2Cl as superior oxide‐ion conductors, which can open new horizons for oxide‐ion conductors.
Exploring Functional Photonic Devices made from a Chiral Metal–Organic Framework Material by a Multiscale Computational Method
Authors: Zerulla Benedikt , Li Chun , Beutel Dominik , Oßwald Simon , Holzer Christof , Bürck Jochen , Bräse Stefan , Wöll Christof , Fernandez‐Corbaton Ivan , Heinke Lars , Rockstuhl Carsten , Krstić Marjan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractElectronic circular dichroism is an important optical phenomenon offering insights into chiral molecular materials. On the other hand, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are a novel group of crystalline porous thin‐film materials that provide tailor‐made chemical and physical properties by carefully selecting their building units. Combining these two aspects of contemporary material research and integrating chiral molecules into MOFs promises devices with unprecedented functionality. However, considering the nearly unlimited degrees of freedom concerning the choice of materials and the geometrical details of the possibly structured films, urgently it needs to complement advanced experimental methods with equally strong modeling techniques. Most notably, these modeling techniques must cope with the challenge that the material and devices thereof cover size scales from Ångströms to mm. In response to that need, a computational workflow is outlined that seamlessly combines quantum chemical methods to capture the properties of individual molecules with optical simulations to capture the properties of functional devices made from these molecular materials. The focus is on chiral properties and applying work to UiO‐67‐BINOL MOFs, for which experimental results are available to benchmark the results of the simulations and explore the optical properties of cavities and metasurfaces made from that chiral material.
Color‐Tunable Organic Light‐Emitting Displays for Interactive Multi‐Signal Visualization
Authors: Mu Ge , Rao Tianyu , Qi Yawei , Ma Su , Hao Qun , Chen Menglu , Tang Xin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractOptoelectronic devices integrated with multiple functions for interactive signal visualization have become increasingly important in the intelligent era. Here, a color‐tunable organic light‐emitting diode (CTOLED) is developed to achieve a user‐interaction intelligent device that enables multicolor visualization of infrared light and temperature distribution via the modulation with a multi‐stimuli responsive silicon (Si) sensor for the first time. The key to the color‐tunable functionality of the CTOLED is an ultrathin exciton‐blocking layer between different emitting layers, which leads to the quantitative correlation of driving current and emitted visible color. As a result, the user can manipulate the silicon/color‐tunable organic light‐emitting diode (Si/CTOLED) device through the infrared pen, and the “writing” spatial information and the infrared intensity can influence the display patterns and colors. Besides, the temperature is sensed by the flexible Si/CTOLED device and is displayed in corresponding different colors, which is promising as a wearable temperature visualization monitor and directly interact with a user. The temperature monitor exhibits ultrasensitivity with a low minimum distinguishable temperature difference of only 65 mK. The Si/CTOLED devices open new possibilities for the development of intelligent devices and have promising multi‐disciplinary applications.
Review of Carbon Support Coordination Environments for Single Metal Atom Electrocatalysts (SACS)
Authors: Song Wanqing , Xiao Caixia , Ding Jia , Huang Zechuan , Yang Xinyi , Zhang Tao , Mitlin David , Hu Wenbin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis topical review focuses on the distinct role of carbon support coordination environment of single‐atom catalysts (SACs) for electrocatalysis. The article begins with an overview of atomic coordination configurations in SACs, including a discussion of the advanced characterization techniques and simulation used for understanding the active sites. A summary of key electrocatalysis applications is then provided. These processes are oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), oxygen evolution reaction (OER), hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR), and carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO2RR). The review then shifts to modulation of the metal atom‐carbon coordination environments, focusing on nitrogen and other non‐metal coordination through modulation at the first coordination shell and modulation in the second and higher coordination shells. Representative case studies are provided, starting with the classic four‐nitrogen‐coordinated single metal atom (MN4) based SACs. Bimetallic coordination models including homo‐paired and hetero‐paired active sites are also discussed, being categorized as emerging approaches. The theme of the discussions is the correlation between synthesis methods for selective doping, the carbon structure–electron configuration changes associated with the doping, the analytical techniques used to ascertain these changes, and the resultant electrocatalysis performance. Critical unanswered questions as well as promising underexplored research directions are identified.
In Situ Generation of Copper Nanoparticle‐Graphitic Carbon Nitride Composite for Stereoselective Transfer Semihydrogenation of Alkynes: Evaluation of Catalytic Activity Using Fluorescence‐Based High‐Throughput Screening
Authors: Yong Park Byoung , Su Han Min 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHerein, we present the effective synthesis of a copper nanoparticle‐graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C3N4) composite for the efficient (Z)‐selective transfer semihydrogenation of alkynes. A fluorescence‐based high‐throughput screening method was applied to identify the most synergistic support for in situ‐generated copper nanoparticles. The derived Cu(OAc)2/g‐C3N4 system exhibited more than five‐fold increase in the turnover frequency compared to the copper nanoparticle catalyst in the absence of g‐C3N4. Various alkynes were selectively reduced to the corresponding (Z)‐alkenes under mild reactions conditions, affording up to 99% isolated yields. The present work demonstrates a simple and cost‐effective method for the synthesis of a copper nanoparticle‐g‐C3N4 composite for the efficient (Z)‐selective transfer semihydrogenation of alkynes.magnified image
How Do Surface Polar Molecules Contribute to High Open‐Circuit Voltage in Perovskite Solar Cells?
Authors: Ma Yinyi , Zeng Chengsong , Zeng Peng , Hu Yuchao , Li Faming , Zheng Zhonghao , Qin Minchao , Lu Xinhui , Liu Mingzhen 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTo date, the improvement of open‐circuit voltage (VOC) offers a breakthrough for the performance of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) toward their theoretical limit. Surface modification through organic ammonium halide salts (e.g., phenethylammonium ions PEA+ and phenmethylammonium ions PMA+) is one of the most straightforward strategies to suppress defect density, thereby leading to improved VOC. However, the mechanism underlying the high voltage remains unclear. Here, polar molecular PMA+ is applied at the interface between perovskite and hole transporting layer and a remarkably high VOC of 1.175 V is obtained which corresponds to an increase of over 100 mV in comparison to the control device. It is revealed that the equivalent passivation effect of surface dipole effectively improves the splitting of the hole quasi‐Fermi level. Ultimately the combined effect of defect suppression and surface dipole equivalent passivation effect leads to an overall increase in significantly enhanced VOC. The resulted PSCs device reaches an efficiency of up to 24.10%. Contributions are identified here by the surface polar molecules to the high VOC in PSCs. A fundamental mechanism is suggested by use of polar molecules which enables further high voltage, leading ways to highly efficient perovskite‐based solar cells.
Hybrid Metasurfaces for Perfect Transmission and Customized Manipulation of Sound Across Water–Air Interface
Authors: Zhou Hong‐Tao , Zhang Shao‐Cong , Zhu Tong , Tian Yu‐Ze , Wang Yan‐Feng , Wang Yue‐Sheng 
Published: April 2023

AbstractExtreme impedance mismatch causes sound insulation at water–air interfaces, limiting numerous cross‐media applications such as ocean‐air wireless acoustic communication. Although quarter‐wave impedance transformers can improve transmission, they are not readily available for acoustics and are restricted by the fixed phase shift at full transmission. Here, this limitation is broken through impedance‐matched hybrid metasurfaces assisted by topology optimization. Sound transmission enhancement and phase modulation across the water–air interface are achieved independently. Compared to the bare water–air interface, it is experimentally observed that the average transmitted amplitude through an impedance‐matched metasurface at the peak frequency is enhanced by ≈25.9 dB, close to the limit of the perfect transmission 30 dB. And nearly 42 dB amplitude enhancement is measured by the hybrid metasurfaces with axial focusing function. Various customized vortex beams are experimentally realized to promote applications in ocean‐air communication. The physical mechanisms of sound transmission enhancement for broadband and wide‐angle incidences are revealed. The proposed concept has potential applications in efficient transmission and free communication across dissimilar media.
Artificial Organelles with Digesting Characteristics: Imitating Simplified Lysosome‐ and Macrophage‐Like Functions by Trypsin‐Loaded Polymersomes
Authors: Xu Xiaoying , Moreno Silvia , Boye Susanne , Wang Peng , Voit Brigitte , Appelhans Dietmar 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDefects in cellular protein/enzyme encoding or even in organelles are responsible for many diseases. For instance, dysfunctional lysosome or macrophage activity results in the unwanted accumulation of biomolecules and pathogens implicated in autoimmune, neurodegenerative, and metabolic disorders. Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) is a medical treatment that replaces an enzyme that is deficient or absent in the body but suffers from short lifetime of the enzymes. Here, this work proposes the fabrication of two different pH‐responsive and crosslinked trypsin‐loaded polymersomes as protecting enzyme carriers mimicking artificial organelles (AOs). They allow the enzymatic degradation of biomolecules to mimic simplified lysosomal function at acidic pH and macrophage functions at physiological pH. For optimal working of digesting AOs in different environments, pH and salt composition are considered the key parameters, since they define the permeability of the membrane of the polymersomes and the access of model pathogens to the loaded trypsin. Thus, this work demonstrates environmentally controlled biomolecule digestion by trypsin‐loaded polymersomes also under simulated physiological fluids, allowing a prolonged therapeutic window due to protection of the enzyme in the AOs. This enables the application of AOs in the fields of biomimetic therapeutics, specifically in ERT for dysfunctional lysosomal diseases.
Characterization of unsteady flow in a 3D‐printed Schwarz Diamond monolith using magnetic resonance velocimetry
Authors: Clarke Daniel , Galvosas Petrik , Holland Daniel J. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractProcess engineering applications such as heat transfer, reactions, and separations involve passing fluid through a porous medium. Historically, random‐channel porous media have been used for these operations. Such systems do not represent optimal configurations for process performance because of poor flow distribution and high‐pressure drop. It is now possible to fabricate porous monoliths with tailored morphology and regular channel structure using 3D‐printing. In this work, we use magnetic resonance imaging to study flow through a Schwarz Diamond triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) monolith for Reynolds numbers up to 350. A transition to unsteady flow was observed experimentally for the first time. The channel structure diverts flow such that free shear layers form in the channel centers that contribute to flow instability. These measurements serve to inform the design of novel transport processes with enhanced performance.
Morphology prediction for organic molecular crystals using various force fields in ADDICT
Authors: Zhao Yongsheng , Gee Robert , Doherty Michael F. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAll‐atom force fields are important for calculating interaction energies between growth units to predict crystal morphology. Our group at UCSB developed the ADDICT morphology design software to predict crystal morphology using mechanistic growth models driven by the generalized Amber force field (GAFF). In this study, the universal force field (UFF), the consistent force field (CFF), and the Coulomb‐London‐Pauli (CLP) force field are incorporated into ADDICT. We systematically test the lattice energies and crystal morphologies of olanzapine, adipic acid, rubrene, biphenyl, and naphthalene using all these force fields. The unit cells for these crystals are represented by the original CSD experimental structure, as well as optimized structures. Considering the high accuracy of CLP, its wide range of applications, and the fact that ADDICT can automatically specify the atomic charge and type required for this force field, we find that CLP is the best all‐atom model to drive morphology calculations.
Navigating COVID‐19 and racial trauma as a Black student at predominantly White institutions
Authors: Francois Samantha , Blakey Joan , Stevenson Rae , Walker Timothy , Davis Curtis 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBlack students at predominantly White institutions (PWIs) contend with racial microaggressions that can lead to negative mental health and academic outcomes. The physical and mental health consequences of the novel coronavirus pandemic are well‐known. What remains unknown is how targeted racial hate during a pandemic might have a compounded effect on Black essential workers. The current study examines how future essential workers in helping professions cope with dual crises as they navigate mostly White universities. Study participants were Black university students attending PWIs in the United States enrolled in social work, public health, or psychology programs during the 2020–2021 academic year. Participants completed an online survey that measured racial microaggressions, COVID distress, sense of belonging, engagement in activism, and well‐being. Hierarchical regression models revealed COVID distress predicted poorer well‐being. Also, COVID distress interacted with racial microaggressions to predict well‐being. Findings have implications for developing decolonized learning communities with a liberation pedagogy in community psychology and other helping professions.