bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CD4+ T lymphocyte recovery in the modern antiretroviral therapy era: Toward a new threshold for defining immunological non-responders
Authors: Taramasso Lucia , Labate Laura , Briano Federica , Brucci Giorgia , Mora Sara , Blanchi Sabrina , Giacomini Mauro , Bassetti Matteo , Di Biagio Antonio 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionDespite the high level of efficacy of modern antiretroviral therapy (ART) in reducing HIV viremia and the control of viral replication, some people living with HIV (PLWH) do not recover their CD4+ T cell count.MethodsTo evaluate the frequency and predictive factors of discordant immune responses, we performed a retrospective cohort study of 324 antiretroviral-naïve PLWH who initiated first-line ART between 2008 and 2018 and maintained HIV RNA &lt; 50 copies/ml during 36 months of follow-up. PLWH were defined as immunological non-responders (INRs) when CD4+ T cell count was &lt; 20% compared with baseline (INR20%), or &lt; 500 cells/mm3 (INR500) or &lt; 200 cells/mm3 (INR200) at 36 months.ResultsThe prevalence of INR20%, INR500, and INR200 was 12.5%, 34.6%, and 1.5%, respectively. After adjustment for possible confounders, CD4 nadir showed a significant association with all INR definitions, with lower values predicting INR500 (aOR 0.98, 95% CI 0.98–0.99, p &lt; 0.001) and INR200 (aOR 0.98, 95% CI 0.95–1.01, p = 0.096). Moreover, a higher baseline CD4/CD8 ratio was inversely related to the probability of being INR500 (OR 0.03, 95% CI 0.01–0.12, p &lt; 0.001) and INR200 (OR 0.002, 95% CI 18–7–67.72, p = 0.255). By contrast, INR20% had a higher CD4 nadir and CD4/CD8 ratio than other INRs, suggesting the identification of an heterogenous population with such definition.DiscussionThe present study highlights how INR200 has become rare in the contemporary ART era, and about one-third of PLWH meet the criteria for INR500. Overcoming the threshold of 500 CD4/mm3 could be an appropriate definition of immune response, in contrast with the older definitions of INR200 and INR20%. Early diagnosis and rapid treatment initiation, before CD4 counts and the CD4/CD8 ratio begin to decline, are critical for achieving an optimal immune response.
Closed-Loop Microreactor on PCB for Ultra-Fast DNA Amplification: Design and Thermal Validation
Authors: Skaltsounis Panagiotis , Kokkoris George , Papaioannou Theodoros G. , Tserepi Angeliki 
Published: January 2023

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is the most common method used for nucleic acid (DNA) amplification. The development of PCR-performing microfluidic reactors (μPCRs) has been of major importance, due to their crucial role in pathogen detection applications in medical diagnostics. Closed loop (CL) is an advantageous type of μPCR, which uses a circular microchannel, thus allowing the DNA sample to pass consecutively through the different temperature zones, in order to accomplish a PCR cycle. CL μPCR offers the main advantages of the traditional continuous-flow μPCR, eliminating at the same time most of the disadvantages associated with the long serpentine microchannel. In this work, the performance of three different CL μPCRs designed for fabrication on a printed circuit board (PCB) was evaluated by a computational study in terms of the residence time in each thermal zone. A 3D heat transfer model was used to calculate the temperature distribution in the microreactor, and the residence times were extracted by this distribution. The results of the computational study suggest that for the best-performing microreactor design, a PCR of 30 cycles can be achieved in less than 3 min. Subsequently, a PCB chip was fabricated based on the design that performed best in the computational study. PCB constitutes a great substrate as it allows for integrated microheaters inside the chip, permitting at the same time low-cost, reliable, reproducible, and mass-amenable fabrication. The fabricated chip, which, at the time of this writing, is the first CL μPCR chip fabricated on a PCB, was tested by measuring the temperatures on its surface with a thermal camera. These results were then compared with the ones of the computational study, in order to evaluate the reliability of the latter. The comparison of the calculated temperatures with the measured values verifies the accuracy of the developed model of the microreactor. As a result of that, a total power consumption of 1.521 W was experimentally measured, only ~7.3% larger than the one calculated (1.417 W). Full validation of the realized CL μPCR chip will be demonstrated in future work.
Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence Factors Assessment in Escherichia coli Isolated from Swine in Italy from 2017 to 2021
Authors: Bassi Patrizia , Bosco Claudia , Bonilauri Paolo , Luppi Andrea , Fontana Maria Cristina , Fiorentini Laura , Rugna Gianluca 
Published: January 2023

Prudent antibiotic use in pigs is critical to ensuring animal health and preventing the development of critical resistance. We evaluated the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) pattern in commensal and enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) isolates obtained in 2017–2021 from pigs suffering from enteric disorders. Overall, the selected 826 E. coli isolates showed the highest level of resistance to ampicillin (95.9%), tetracycline (89.7%), cefazolin (79.3%), and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (74.8%). The resistance rates of the isolates to ampicillin increased (p < 0.05), reaching 99.2% of resistant strains in 2021. Regarding isolates harboring virulence genes, ETEC F18+ were significantly more resistant to florfenicol, gentamicin, kanamycin, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole than ETEC F4+ strains. E. coli lacking virulence factor genes were more resistant to amoxicillin with clavulanic acid and cefazolin, but less resistant to gentamicin (p < 0.01) than isolates harboring virulence factors. Throughout the study period, a significant number of ETEC F18+ isolates developed resistance to florfenicol, gentamicin, and kanamycin. Finally, ETEC 18+ significantly (p < 0.05) increased resistance to all the tested antibiotics. In conclusion, AMR varied for E. coli over time and showed high levels for molecules widely administered in the swine industry, emphasizing the need for continuous surveillance. The observed differences in AMR between commensal and ETEC isolates may lead to the hypothesis that plasmids carrying virulence genes are also responsible for AMR in E. coli, suggesting more research on genetic variation between pathogenic and nonpathogenic E. coli.
Large Spin Hall Conductivity and Excellent Hydrogen Evolution Reaction Activity in Unconventional PtTe
1.75
Monolayer
Authors: Shao Dexi , Deng Junze , Sheng Haohao , Zhang Ruihan , Weng Hongming , Fang Zhong , Chen Xing-Qiu , Sun Yan , Wang Zhijun 
Published: January 2023

Two-dimensional (2D) materials have gained lots of attention due to the potential applications. In this work, we propose that based on first-principles calculations, the (2 × 2) patterned PtTe
2
monolayer with kagome lattice formed by the well-ordered Te vacancy (PtTe
1.75
) hosts large and tunable spin Hall conductivity (SHC) and excellent hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activity. The unconventional nature relies on the
A
1 @ 1
b
band representation of the highest valence band without spin–orbit coupling (SOC). The large SHC comes from the Rashba SOC in the noncentrosymmetric structure induced by the Te vacancy. Even though it has a metallic SOC band structure, the ℤ
2
invariant is well defined because of the existence of the direct bandgap and is computed to be nontrivial. The calculated SHC is as large as 1.25 × 10
3

ℏ
e

(Ω cm)
−1
at the Fermi level (

E
F

). By tuning the chemical potential from

E
F

− 0.3 to

E
F

+ 0.3 eV, it varies rapidly and monotonically from −1.2 × 10
3
to 3.1

×
1

0
3

ℏ
e

Ω

cm

−
1

. In addition, we also find that the Te vacancy in the patterned monolayer can induce excellent HER activity. Our results not only offer a new idea to search 2D materials with large SHC, i.e., by introducing inversion–symmetry breaking vacancies in large SOC systems, but also provide a feasible system with tunable SHC (by applying gate voltage) and excellent HER activity.
Penerapan Pencatatan Keuangan pada UMKM Melalui Aplikasi Buku Warung
Authors: Aisyah Siti , Sinaga Afdillah Nur Aisyah , Tondang Grace Amalia , Harahap Shelvi Fadillah 
Published: January 2023

UMKM mengalami kendala-kendala dalam usahanya salah satunya yaitu masalah pencatatan keuangan. Salah satu bisnis UMKM yang menjadi target dalam pengabdian masyarakat berbasi teknologi ini adalah Lina Fashion. Metode pelaksanaan PKM Berbasis Teknologi dilakukan dengan cara langsung kepada UMKM. Waktu pelaksanaannya terhitung mulai tanggal 05 Oktober sampai dengan 05 November tahun 2022. Tempat pelaksanaan kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah di Desa Siujan-Ujan, Dusun III, Kec. Kotarih, Kab. Serdang Bedagai, Sumatera Utara. pelaksanaan pengabdian ini terdiri dari lima tahapan, yaitu: Tahap Perencanaan dan Observasi, pada tahap ini direncanakan pengabdian masyarakat menggunakan aplikasi Buku Warung. Observasi ditujukan kepada pelaku UMKM Lina Fashion. Hasil yang didapatkan dari pelatihan pembukuan sederhana pada pelaku UMKM telah berjalan dengan baik dan lancar serta dapat meningkatkan kempuan dan keterampilan dalam pencatatan keuangan dengan baik menggunakan Buku Warung.
Peran Guru PAI di dalam Penanggulangan Kenakalan Siswa
Authors: Muis Abdul , Samsudi Wedi 
Published: January 2023

There are various kinds of problems found in schools such as students againsts rules and so on. These problems need to be resolved properly by all schoolcomponents, for example through teacher guidance. The role of the PAI teacheris the creation of a series of interrelated behaviors in a particular situation as well as the formation of morals that focus on the formation of conscience and thecultivation of divine qualities through education and teaching with varioussciences. PAI teachers have an important role in dealing with student of ense. This role is like providing advice and guidance that emphasizes the formation ofmorals and the cultivation of divine qualities through the educational process. Students' delinquency can be overcome with the professional duties of teachers, namely educating, developing students' personalities, developing intellectually, managing order, human tasks in accordance with human dignity and sociald guiding students to become good citizens.There are various kinds of problems found in schools such as students againstschool rules and so on. These problems need to be resolved properly by all schoolcomponents, for example through teacher guidance. The role of the PAI teacheris the creation of a series of interrelated behaviors in a particular situation as well as the formation of morals that focus on the formation of conscience and thecultivation of divine qualities through education and teaching with variouss PAI teachers have an important role in dealing with student of ense. This role is like providing advice and guidance that emphasizes the formation ofmorals and the cultivation of divine qualities through the educational process. Students' delinquency can be overcome with the professional duties of teachers, namely educating, developing students' personalities, developing intellectually, managing order, human tasks in accordance with human dignity and socialduties, guiding students to become good citizens.There are various kinds of problems found in schools such as students againstschool rules and so on. These problems need to be resolved properly by all schoolcomponents, for example through teacher guidance. The role of the PAI teacheris the creation of a series of interrelated behaviors in a particular situation as well as the formation of morals that focus on the formation of conscience and thecultivation of divine qualities through education and teaching with varioussciences. PAI teachers have an important role in dealing with student of ense. This role is like providing advice and guidance that emphasizes the formation ofmorals and the cultivation of divine qualities through the educational process. Students' delinquency can be overcome with the professional duties of teachers, namely educating, developing students' personalities, developing intellectually, managing order, human tasks in accordance with human dignity and socialduties, guiding students to become good citizens.
Accessibility of cultural heritage
Authors: Bellanca Calogero , Mora Alonso-Muñoyerro Susana , Antonini Lanari Cecilia 
Published: January 2023

Accessibility is a fondamental point to enjoy cultural heritage. An operative aspect which with different theoretical methodologies and practical projects can reach critical-conservative solutions.
A first step may be to conserve the different stratification, all historic periods, and the impact in the surroundings for single preexistences and archeological sites.
For archeological sites, it is necessary not to forget historical solutions which contributed to inspire the Venice Charter.
A second step is an urban dimension for the accessibility in the historic centres and the pedestrian itineraries.
To summarize the values Riegl, as we know, divided them in two main groups: the memorial values as age value, historical value and intended memorial value; and the present day values as use value, art value, newness value and relative art value.
And when there is a conflict between use value and historical value, the treatment of a monument should, above all, take into account the age value.
This will be a principal for the guidelines in the problem of accessibility.
Many of these problems can be resolve with an appropriate design.
This reintegration of the image even for the urban restoration than for the conservation of environment.
In this paper, we want to present different ways of making the cultural heritage accessible to everyone, not only the obvious priorities of physical accessibility, but also accessibility in the form of understanding and experienced.
Accessibility and Enhancement of Cultural Heritage: Examples of Best Practices in Europe
Authors: Genovese Rosa Anna 
Published: January 2023

Premise. The essay will report on actions promoted at international and national level, to ensure accessibility in different sectors of social life and reduce obstacles in this field in European regulations and in the practices of Member States.
The Convention adopted by UNO in 2006, stating that people with different abilities must enjoy fundamental rights and (political, economic, social, cultural) freedoms, constitutes the first great treaty of the twenty-first century concerning the change in attitude and strategies towards people bearing handicaps, to increase respect of their dignity through every possible measure.
Intercultural dialogue. In light of a greater awareness on environmental issues and possible solutions, we are, therefore, all called upon to contribute to changes in the relation with our one and only Planet in order to build a new conservation ethics, which may include the values of Cultural Heritage and accept, for its protection and enhancement, the contribution of Communities, favouring intercultural dialogue.
Best practices. The essay intends to stress the importance of integrated policies in promoting accessibility and the enhancement of cultural heritage, also through the examination of the best practices implemented in different European Countries. Specifically, it shall highlight how one of the criteria informing the Management Plan of the ‘Archaeological Area of Pompeii and Torre del Greco’ is based on the conservation of the archaeological heritage, with the purpose of making it accessible to the public while conserving the testimonial, formal and material features of the site, and addressing conservation issues as well as the design quality of accessibility improvements.
Integrated Conservation. The quality of conservation and restoration interventions on cultural heritage will, therefore, have to be perfected through an aware fact-finding analysis, favouring the application of scientific and digital technologies, paired with a diagnostic approach capable of including the digitalisation of processes, energy efficiency, accessibility, leading to the digital management of anamnesis and control of the restoration project, based on adequate knowledge of the cultural property and its state of conservation.
Good practice of making art and culture accessible to the deaf and hard of hearing, on the example of the Deafland exhibition at the Silesian Museum in Katowice
Authors: Kołodziejczak Agnieszka 
Published: January 2023

The issue of the accessibility of culture and art for deaf and hard of hearing people is the topic of the implementation doctoral dissertation conducted by the author of the article under the supervision of dr hab. prof. University of Lodz Aneta Pawłowska as part of the Doctoral School of Humanities at the University of Lodz and the Association Social Support "Ja-Ty-My" in Lodz entitled: The problem of accessibility of information in public institutions and social economy entities in the field of culture and art for people with hearing loss and disabilities in Poland. Recommendations and standards.
The article is an attempt to look from the point of view of a researcher - a deaf person - insider, at the issue of the broadly understood accessibility and significance of the Deafland (Głusza) exhibition at the Silesian Museum in Katowice (a breakthrough in Poland in terms of the subject matter and the model of available technical solutions for people with special needs).
Fundamental study for heat pump stack length determination with complex flow paths in a compact thermoacoustic system
Authors: Ono Satoru , Sakamoto Shin-ichi 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The miniaturization of thermoacoustic systems is expected to find practical applications in various fields. To achieve miniaturization, we focused on the relation of the sound wave in the tube and the length of the heat-pump stack. Accordingly, three types of metal meshes with different channel diameters were prepared, and thermoacoustic systems were designed considering ωτ, a dimensionless quantity. In the experiment, the stack length was varied and the stack temperature difference and heat flow were measured. Consequently, temperature difference and heat flow with respect to the stack length were studied. In addition, even when the stack was short, temperature difference at both ends of the stack was formed. The better stack length in terms of energy efficiency was also examined. Accordingly, we confirmed that the ratio of stack length to wavelength is in the range of 0.2%–0.6%.
Effectiveness of Slow Stroke Back Massage Using Ylang Essential Oil on Reducing Blood Pressure Hypertension Patients
Authors: Normaliyanti  , Riduansyah Muhammad , Gaghauna Eirene Eunike Meidiana 
Published: January 2023

Hypertension is a chronic condition when the blood pressure on the increase the blood vessels. Hypertension cases in Banjar Regency in 2021 were 15,083 cases. One of the non-pharmacological therapies that can reduce blood pressure is slow stroke back massage using ylang essential oil. Slow stroke back massage using ylang essential oil can have an effect on relaxation, blood circulation and is also useful as a lowering of blood pressure. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of slow stroke back massage using ylang essential oil on reducing blood pressure in patients with hypertension in Paku Alam village. This research method uses a one group pretest posttest design. The population in this study were patients with hypertension in the village of Paku Alam RT.03. The number of samples in this study were 10 people taken by purposive sampling technique. Data were analyzed using paired t-test. The research instrument uses Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) and observation sheets. The results of this study found that blood pressure decreased after giving slow stroke back massage using ylang essential oil. The results of the analysis test obtained that the systolic p value = 0.00 < (0.05) and the diastolic p value = 0.004 < (0.05) . So it can be concluded that there is an effectiveness of slow stroke back massage using ylang ylang essential oil on reducing blood pressure in patients with hypertension in Paku Alam Village.
Влияние продуктов переработки семян конопли на потребительские свойства мучных кондитерских изделий
Authors: Гончарова Агата Анатольевна , Ущаповский Валентин Игоревич , Миневич Ирина Эдуардовна 
Published: January 2023

Введение: Повышение пищевой ценности рационов питания населения относится к приоритетным задачам национального и международного уровня. Мучные кондитерские изделия представляют собой перспективную основу для обогащения их функциональными ингредиентами. Семена конопли и продукты их переработки вызывают научный интерес в исследованиях области питания. В последние годы обсуждение данного сырья заметно возросло ввиду создания сортов технической конопли с низким содержанием наркотических компонентов – тетрагидроканнабинола (ТГК) (0,1…0,3%), легализации возделывания и ее переработки. В связи с этим использование продуктов переработки семян конопли является актуальным направлением, однако, недостаточно изученным.Цель: Изучение эффективности использования продуктов переработки семян конопли для повышения пищевой ценности мучных кондитерских изделий. Материалы и методы: В данном исследовании изучались продукты переработки семян конопли – конопляная мука, измельченное ядро семян конопли, обрушенные семена конопли, белковый концентрат из семян конопли, измельченные семена конопли, конопляное масло и клетчатка семян конопли, в качестве добавок при изготовлении мучных кондитерских изделий. Исследуемые образцы вносились при замесе теста в рецептуру маффинов.Результаты: Физико-химические показатели определялись стандартными методами анализа. Плотность образцов по сравнению с контролем менялась в зависимости от вносимой добавки. При внесении клетчатки и конопляного масла плотность образцов увеличивалась (0,58 и 0,56 г/см3 соответственно). Добавление измельченных семян конопли и муки из семян конопли напротив приводили к снижению плотности образцов – 0,41 г/см3 каждый. Обрушенные семена конопли, белковый концентрат и клетчатка семян конопли положительно влияли на упек образцов (15,87, 16,15 и 16,26% соответственно). Отмечено, что лучший удельный объем был у образца с содержанием 10% конопляной муки – 2,54 см3/г. В результате хранения все продукты переработки семян конопли снижали скорость черствения маффинов. Установлено, что лучшими органолептическими показателями обладали маффины с конопляным маслом, которое полностью заменяло подсолнечное масло в рецептуре образцов. Также высокой комплексной оценкой по органолептическим показателям обладали образцы с конопляной клетчаткой (5%). По уровню энергетической ценности полученные образцы относят к продуктам со средней энергетической ценностью.Выводы: Расширение ассортимента пищевых продуктов, содержащих добавки семян конопли и продуктов их переработки, а также активное потребление населением этих изделий будет содействовать реализации национальных программ по оздоровлению населения.