bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
GaN HEMT for High-performance Applications: A Revolutionary Technology
Authors: Pattnaik Geeta , Mohapatra Meryleen 
Published: September 2023

Background:
The upsurge in the field of radio frequency power electronics has led to
the involvement of wide bandgap semiconductor materials because of their potential characteristics
in achieving high breakdown voltage, output power density, and frequency. III-V group materials
of the periodic table have proven to be the best candidates for achieving this goal. Among all the
available combinations of group III-V semiconductor materials, gallium nitride (GaN), having a
band gap of 3.4eV, has gradually started gaining the confidence to become the next-generation material
to fulfill these requirements.

Objective:
Considering the various advantages provided by GaN, it is widely used in AlGaN/GaN
HEMTs (High Electron Mobility Transistors) as their fundamental materials. This work aimed to
review the structure, operation, and polarization mechanisms influencing the HEMT device, different
types of GaN HEMT, and the various process technologies for developing the device.

Methods:
Various available methods to obtain an enhancement type GaN HEMT are discussed in
the study. It also covers the recent developments and various techniques to improve the performance
and device linearity of GaN HEMT.

Conclusion:
Despite the advantages and continuous improvement exhibited by the GaN HEMT
technology, it faces several reliability issues, leading to degradation of device performance. In this
study, we review various reliability issues and ways to mitigate them. Moreover, several application
domains are also discussed, where GaN HEMTs have proven their capability. It also focuses
on reviewing and compiling the various aspects related to the GaN HEMT, thus providing all
necessary information.
Identifikasi Sebaran Lapisan Akuifer Dangkal di Kecamatan Pakis Kabupaten Malang
Authors: Rubiantoro Prasetyo , Bisri Mohammad 
Published: September 2023

Potensi air tanah sangat dipengaruhi kondisi geologi dan hidrogeologi, sehingga sebaran lapisan akuifer sangat beragam dalam satu wilayah. Hal ini terjadi di wilayah Kecamatan Pakis Kabupaten Malang. Beberapa wilayah masih mengalami kesulitan memanfaatkan air tanah sebagai sumber air bersih. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan memetakan sebaran lapisan akuifer dangkal di Kecamatan Pakis. Untuk menyelesaikan penelitian, dilakukan pengukuran dengan metode geolistrik di 43 titik dan pengamatan terhadap kedalaman sumur dangkal. Menggunakan model Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) dengan konfigurasi Schlumberger didapatkan litologi batuan ditiap titik hingga kedalaman 50 meter. Hasil interpretasi data bahwa litologi batuan didominasi oleh lapisan batuan tufa halus (lempung), tufa, pasiran, breksi dan lava. Tufa hingga pasiran teridentifikasi sebagai lapisan akuifer dangkal. Hasil pemetaan sebaran menunjukkan bahwa potensi air tanah di wilayah Kecamatan Pakis terbagi menjadi 2 zonasi yaitu zona tidak berpotensi air tanah dangkal meliputi Desa Pakis Jajar, Bunut Wetan, Asrikaton, Saptorenggo, Tirtomoyo dan Kedungrejo. Zona berpotensi air tanah dangkal meliputi Desa Sukoanyar, Sumber Pasir, Pakis Kembar, Pucangsongo, Sumberejo, Sumberkradenan, Ampeldento, Mangliawan, dan Sekarpuro.
Художественная антропология Расула Гамзатова (на примере книги «Мой Дагестан»)
Authors:   Stavropol State Pedagogical Institute for Humanities Research (417 A, Lenin St., 355029 Stavropol, Russian Federation), Mkhtse Bela Z. 
Published: September 2023

Introduction. The article examines literary endeavors into the phenomenon of man in a work by the Soviet poet, novelist, publicist, Soviet and Russian public and political figure, translator Rasul G. Gamzatov. Goals. The paper aims to analyze R. Gamzatov’s My Dagestan from the perspective of anthropology of literature. Results. Our interest in the anthropology of R. Gamzatov’s literature arises from cultural, social, and nation-wide changes of the twentieth and early twenty first centuries. The global marginalization of society, information wars, deviations from ethnic spiritual and cultural values can lead to identity loss and complete disappearance of any ethnocultural community. The writer’s works constitute a unique phenomenon instrumental in comprehending the inner world of human soul, understanding an individual’s place and cause in the world. R. Gamzatov employs literary tools to create his own concept of man and answer the universal questions.
Generation of SWIFT Models Virtually Using FE Analysis: Application to Cleat Simulations
Authors: Siramdasu Yaswanth , Gil Gibin 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
Parameterization methods for two “commercial tire models—short wavelength intermediate frequency tire (SWIFT) model and flexible ring tire model—are developed around existing testing protocols. As an example, cleat tests are used for estimating belt mass and stiffness and enveloping tests are used for estimating belt bending and contact stiffness parameters in the respective tire models. This is the only possible way when commercial tire models are parameterized and used mainly by vehicle original equipment manufacturer companies. At present, tire suppliers are stepping up to supply commercial tire models as a part of virtual tire submissions and are virtually simulating standard testing protocols. It is envisioned that with a proper fundamental understanding of commercial tire model parameters and their modeling approaches to capture the respective tire dynamics, we can develop simple finite element (FE) techniques to estimate respective tire model parameters, thereby avoiding the simulation of cleat and other dynamic tests by using FE. With that motivation, previous work has already shown the estimation of belt mass and bending properties from FE part separation technique [1]. In this work, with a fundamental understanding that the front cam and rear cam models in SWIFT are mathematically modeling the curvature of a loaded tire just outside of the footprint, we show that by fitting the tandem model to the loaded FE model deformed coordinates: length, height, order of cam, and distance between the cams can be estimated easily. This simple loaded FE model-fitting technique is combined with other computationally simple FE static stiffness, footprint, and modal analyses to estimate other SWIFT parameters. Finally, SWIFT models from the above-mentioned FE techniques are developed for several tire designs and validated against enveloping and dynamic in-plane cleat test data. The variations in enveloping and other ride metrics from simulations are inline with testing data.
Foliar application of K-IBA to the Abaxial or Adaxial Leaf Surface With or Without a Surfactant Does Not Impact Root Formation in Buttonbush and Burning Bush Euonymus Cuttings
Authors: Geneve Robert L. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Foliar application has become a viable alternative for auxin delivery to induce adventitious rooting in cuttings. Foliar application of K-IBA to buttonbush (Cephalanthus occidentalis L.) and burning bush euonymus [Euonymus alatus (Thunb.) Siebold] cuttings improved roots per cutting compared to untreated cuttings. However, foliar application was not as effective as K-IBA applied as a basal dip. To investigate if auxin uptake could be partially responsible for the differential rooting observed between treatments in burning bush euonymus, K-IBA was applied to the adaxial (upper) or abaxial (lower) leaf surfaces with or without a surfactant. There were no differences found for rooting percentages or roots per cutting related to the leaf surface treated or inclusion of the surfactant. It has been suggested that foliar auxin is absorbed mainly through open stomates on the leaf surface during cutting propagation. The current study indicates that auxin was absorbed equally well from the adaxial and abaxial leaf surfaces in these two species and that other factors such as transport or metabolism of IBA may be influencing differential rooting related to application method.
Species used in this study: buttonbush (Cephalanthus occidentalis L.), burning bush euonymus [Euonymus alatus (Thunb.) Siebold].
Chemicals used in this study: K-IBA (indole-3-butyric Acid potassium salt).
Role of alpha and gamma Klotho genes in the development of differentiated thyroid carcinoma on top of goiter
Authors: El-Saeed Wesam S. , Elnagdy Marwa H. , Abd elghaffar Mahmoud A. , El Baz Ayman , Zahran Mohammed A. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
Differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) is the most common malignant tumor of the endocrine system. Our study is aimed to investigate the role of the α- and γ-Klotho genes in the development and progression of DTC.

Methods
The expression of the α- and γ-Klotho genes was assessed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) in thyroid tissues of 40 DTC patients and 40 age- and sex-matched subjects diagnosed as goiter and included as a control group. The demographic, laboratory and clinicopathological data of the subjects were reviewed to detect their association with the Klotho genes.

Results
The α-Klotho gene expression was statistically significantly lower in DTC tissues compared to goiter tissues (p < 0.001). However, there was no statistically significant association between the γ-Klotho gene expression and DTC (p = 0.643). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed the diagnostic value of the α-Klotho mRNA levels, by providing an AUC of 0.954 value (95% CI = 0.910–0.999; p < 0.001). Lower α-Klotho gene expression associated significantly with higher stages of DTC (p = 0.026). Logistic regression analysis declared that low α-Klotho mRNA expression was demonstrated to be a significant predictor for the likelihood of DTC on top of goiter (p = 0.001).

Conclusions
Our study showed the role of the α-Klotho gene as a potential novel biomarker for discrimination between DTC and goiter tissues. Low α-Klotho mRNA expression was found to be a significant predictor for the likelihood of DTC on top of goiter, as well as higher stages of this tumor.
Apocrine carcinoma of the breast: Review
Authors: Yang Chieh , Wang Irene , Yen Yun 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Apocrine carcinoma of the breast is a rare subtype of breast carcinoma, which only presents as 4% among patients with breast cancer. The percentage varies based on the diagnostic criteria used by each institution to classify apocrine carcinoma. Several confusing terms used in previous studies, including apocrine ductal carcinoma in situ (ADCIS), apocrine morphology in lobular carcinoma in situ (Apocrine LCIS), apocrine-like invasive carcinoma, pure apocrine carcinoma, molecular apocrine tumors (MATs), and triple-negative apocrine carcinoma of the breast (TNAC). The treatment, prognosis, and molecular profiles are also diverse. Pure apocrine carcinoma has stricter criteria for diagnosis, requiring more than 90% of cells showing apocrine morphology and classic IHC characteristics of ER-negative, PR-negative, and AR-positive in at least 10% of tumor cell nuclei. Research related to prognosis is diverse due to the difficulty of unifying the diagnostic criteria. Current evidence of treatment is geared toward the use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and anti-androgen therapy when AR is present, accompanied by other treatments if biomarkers are present, such as HER2, PI3K, or CDK4/6. This article focuses on clearly summarizing different subtypes and management of apocrine carcinoma of the breast.
The Role of Corporate Governance in Corporate Human Development Disclosures
Authors: Dosinta Nina Febriana , Djafar Fariastuti , Yantiana Nella 
Published: September 2023

Objective – The urgency of this research is to examine the effect of corporate governance on corporate human development disclosures.Methodology – This study focuses on corporate reporting by twenty-six Regional Development Banks in Indonesia. It encompasses the examination of annual and stand-alone sustainability reports spanning from 2014 to 2021. Additionally, panel data analysis is employed in this research, specifically utilizing the Fixed Effect Model as the chosen analytical approach.Results – This research result shows that independent commissioners and female directors, as part of corporate governance, have a significant and positive effect on corporate human development disclosures.Research Implications – The implication of this research argues that independent commissioners and female directors, as part of corporate governance, have capabilities that can optimize corporate human development disclosures. By optimizing corporate human development through effective reporting practices, Regional Development Banks can better fulfill their role as agents of development. Principals and agencies must support each other in optimizing corporate human development. Novelty/Originality - The level of disclosure is measured based on the corporate human development index with an agency and human capability theory approach. Disclosure of the corporate human development index is voluntary and reflects corporate welfare through items from the human development index.
Artificial Intelligence Use as Communication Media in Learning Activity for Senior High School
Authors: Rina Nofha 
Published: September 2023

The influence of AI technology in teaching and learning at school has become an objective issue for identifying the utilization of AI as a medium of communication learning based project to the student in Senior High School. In this research, the data analysis used by quantitative and qualitative methodology for the sake of achievement the purpose of this. Quantitative data analyzed using paired samples t-test to know how far is learning based project can influence student attitude in activity learning. In addition, qualitative data was also analyzed with objective to observe how learning-based project affect the learning process students implemented in online atmosphere. There are 40 students of 11th grade at State Senior High School of 46 (SMAN 46) in the Cibiru District who participated in the study. The finding shown that they are satisfied in the use of AI at the learning activities.
Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Learning Activity, Students, Communication Media
Improving Medical Student Confidence Performing Skin Biopsies Through an Interactive Workshop
Authors: Nguyen Tue , Momin Bahar , Shah Anaya , Bambekova Pavela , Browning John , Gilson Robert 
Published: September 2023

Introduction: At the University of Texas Health San Antonio Long School of Medicine, many students have expressed hesitancy in actively participating when a skin biopsy is needed at the community dermatology free clinic. To address this, we hosted a workshop where medical students could directly learn how to perform shave and punch biopsies from dermatology residents.
Methods: A PowerPoint presentation covering the preparation, types, and aftercare of biopsies was given pre-workshop. Four dermatology residents were assigned to groups of students. During the workshop, students practiced the full procedure of performing a biopsy. Pre- and post-surveys were administered immediately and four months after the workshop. Qualitative responses were converted into a 4-point Likert scale, and a Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used for statistical analysis.
Results: 26 student responses were collected immediately after, and 17 were collected four months after the workshop. There were significant increases in comfort assisting with performing skin biopsies (p <0.001), performing biopsies under supervision (p <0.001), and preparing for a biopsy (p <0.001) immediately and four months after the workshop. Additionally, there were significant increases in knowledge of the utility of biopsies (p <0.001) and the different biopsy types (p <0.001) immediately and four months after the workshop. The number of correct answers to the five-item knowledge quiz significantly increased (p <0.001) immediately and four months after the workshop.
Conclusion: Our workshop improved student confidence in preparing for, assisting with, and performing skin biopsies and has demonstrated sustained efficacy.
Primary thoracic intramedullary spinal cord tumor with likely metastases of glial origin to the lumbosacral vertebrae: Illustrative case
Authors: Asante Samuel K. , Lee Jonathan J. , Jenson Amanda V. , Bhenderu Lokeshwar S. , Patterson John D. , Rivera Andreana L. , Britz Gavin W. 
Published: September 2023

Background:
Metastasis of systemic neoplasms to the spine is common; however, the metastasis of primary spinal cord tumors to other regions in the body is an infrequent occurrence. A few case reports have described the metastasis of primary spinal cord tumors, and in most cases, patients were younger than 30 years of age.

Case Description:
We present an illustrative case of a 47-year-old female with metastatic lesions to the lumbosacral vertebrae years after the initial diagnosis of an intradural, intramedullary spinal cord tumor (IMSCT). Although the surgical biopsy of the IMSCT was nondiagnostic, the patient was not found to have a separate primary neoplastic source, and the specimens of the metastatic lesions from the lumbar vertebral body were of glial origin.

Conclusion:
Metastasis from primary IMSCTs is extremely rare. Distant vertebral body and intracranial metastasis are even rarer yet possible. The clinical course is highly aggressive and responds poorly to current standard treatment.
When does too little pressure become too much? A case of spontaneous intracranial hypotension presenting with acute loss of consciousness
Authors: Brosnan Conor , Dablouk Mohamed Osman , Healy Vincent , Murray Daniel , Soleiman Hamzah A. , Bolger Ciaran 
Published: September 2023

Background:
We present a unique case of spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) presenting with acute collapse and loss of consciousness.

Case Description:
The affected patient suffered an abrupt decline in level of consciousness several weeks after initial diagnosis. The patient was urgently transferred to a specialist neurosurgical unit. Imaging showed bilateral subdural fluid collections with significant associated local mass effect. The treating team faced a clinical conundrum with a lack of clarity as to whether this sudden deterioration was secondary to the local pressure effect on brainstem traction from reduced intracranial pressure. A decision was made to proceed with urgent burr-hole decompression of the bilateral subdural fluid collections.

Conclusion:
After a protracted, complex postoperative course, the patient recovered to full functional independence. To the author’s knowledge, this is the first case in literature describing successful surgical management of SIH, with bilateral burr-hole evacuation to relieve the paradoxical mass effect of bilateral subdural fluid collections.
Giant cell arteritis with severe intracranial involvement diagnosed and treated early
Authors: Mineji Kentaro , Yako Rie , Toki Naotsugu , Tomobuchi Masaki , Nakao Naoyuki 
Published: September 2023

Background:
Ischemic cerebrovascular accidents (CVA) occur in 3.3–7.2% of patients with giant cell arteritis (GCA), and intracranial vessels are rarely affected. We, herein, report a case of intracranial GCA with rapidly progressive multiple intracranial vascular lesions.

Case Description:
A 76-year-old woman visited a local doctor due to a headache; then, it improved spontaneously. Three months later, she suddenly had cerebral infarctions of bilateral pons and cerebellum. Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) revealed the left internal carotid artery (ICA) occlusion, the right vertebral artery (VA) occlusion, and the left VA stenosis. She was diagnosed with atherothrombotic stroke and dual antiplatelet therapy was administered. However, 2 weeks later, the left VA stenosis was aggravated. Therefore, we reviewed the data of MRA performed 3 months ago and noted no lesions in the ICA and VA. T1 black-blood post-gadolinium imaging sequence magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed vessel wall enhancement in the bilateral VA, left ICA, and bilateral superficial temporal artery. We performed a temporal artery biopsy and diagnosed her with GCA. The progression of the intracranial vascular lesions was decelerated by oral glucocorticoid administration.

Conclusion:
Intracranial vascular lesions in GCA can be formed later than initial symptoms, such as headache, and aggravated despite improvement in headache. In patients with GCA, evaluating intracranial vessels as a control is useful for distinguishing them from arteriosclerotic lesions at the onset of CVA. Intracranial GCA is characterized by rapidly progressive vascular lesions in the bilateral ICA and VA. In addition, T1 black-blood post-gadolinium imaging sequence MRI may lead to early diagnosis and treatment.
POSITRONIUM MOLECULE GEOMETRIC MODEL IN CONTEXT OF THE HOPF LINK
Authors: Лякишев В.К. , Перфильев М.С. 
Published: September 2023

Данная работа посвящена построению геометрической модели молекулы позитрония - нестабильной молекулы, образованной двумя экзотическими атомами позитрония. Молекула позитрония представлена как зацепление Хопфа двух торов, образованных электронами и позитронами. Торы имеют одинаковые размеры и лежат в перпендикулярных плоскостях так, что каждый из торов проходит через центр другого тора. При помощи данной модели размер молекулы позитрония оценён в шесть боровских радиусов. Также в работе оценена средняя объёмная плотность электрической энергии молекулы позитрония как 7,7 электронвольт на кубический ангстрем.
This work is devoted to the construction of the positronium molecule model. The positronium molecule is an unstable molecule formed by two exotic positronium atoms. In this article, the positronium molecule is pretended as the two tori Hopf link, which were formed by electrons and positrons. The tori have same dimensions and lie in perpendicular planes so that each of the tori passes through the center of the other. Using this model, the size of the positronium molecule was estimated at six Bohr radii. The average volumetric electric energy density of a positronium molecule was calculated to be 7,7 electron volts/cubic angstrom.
THE ANALYSIS OF POSSIBILITY SUPPLYING APG FROM THE OIL AND GAS FIELDS OF EASTERN SIBERIA TO THE MAIN GAS PIPELINE «POWER OF SIBERIA»
Authors: Трунькина Е.С. , Борисевич Ю.П. , Хохлова Н.Ю. 
Published: September 2023

В статье авторами проведен технико - экономический анализ возможности подачи ПНГ с нефтегазовых месторождений Восточной Сибири в магистральный газопровод «Сила Сибири».
The authors carried out a technical and economic analysis of the possibility of supplying APG from the oil and gas fields of Eastern Siberia to the main gas pipeline «Power of Siberia»