bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coup de la Glotte and Voix Blanche
Authors: Ingela Tagil  
Published: May 2023

This exposition explores aspects of the vocal techniques promoted by the Garcia School, in particular Manuel Garcia the younger (1805–1906). Despite his aim to improve the male opera voice, Garcia and his successors had their greatest success with female singers. I believe that, to the extent that they may be considered as significant factors in why the Garcia School was extraordinary successful with female singers, especially high sopranos and coloratura sopranos, some parts of Garcia’s vanished techniques may benefit female voices today.
Garcia’s controversial term Coup de la glotte, his definition of breathing support, and his term for a high larynx position, voix blanche, provide the main focus for the exposition. My core research questions are:
1.	How do Garcia’s techniques coup de la glotte (hard tone onset) and voix blanche (high larynx position) affect female opera voice progression?
2.	Do these techniques have any relevance today?
I have conducted experiments with seven sopranos, three of them professionals and four opera students at the Bern University of Arts. All participants sang the same Garcia exercises and the same aria, a part of Lucia’s mad-scene from Donizetti’s Lucia di Lammermoor. All these experiments were filmed, with the camera focused on the singer’s glottis while they sang using Garcia’s techniques.
I am now evaluating the experiments and comparing them with early recordings. I have found that some of Garcia’s techniques, especially the higher breathing support together with the higher larynx positions are really useful to some high sopranos, especially in certain bel canto repertoire. Garcia was already old-fashioned during his own lifetime and singers from the Garcia/Marchesi school clung to older techniques longer than other singers from the same period. For this reason, I suggest that the Garcia School may be used as a historical window to singers wishing to sing in historical ways - even having relevance for pre-nineteenth century repertoire.
β-Cell–Specific E2f1 Deficiency Impairs Glucose Homeostasis, β-Cell Identity, and Insulin Secretion
Authors: Oger Frédérik , Bourouh Cyril , Friano Marika Elsa , Courty Emilie , Rolland Laure , Gromada Xavier , Moreno Maeva , Carney Charlène , Rabhi Nabil , Durand Emmanuelle , Amanzougarene Souhila , Berberian Lionel , Derhourhi Mehdi , Blanc Etienne , Hannou Sarah Anissa , Denechaud Pierre-Damien , Benfodda Zohra , Meffre Patrick , Fajas Lluis , Kerr-Conte Julie , Pattou François , Froguel Philippe , Pourcet Benoit , Bonnefond Amélie , Collombat Patrick , Annicotte Jean-Sébastien 
Published: May 2023

The loss of pancreatic β-cell identity has emerged as an important feature of type 2 diabetes development, but the molecular mechanisms are still elusive. Here, we explore the cell-autonomous role of the cell-cycle regulator and transcription factor E2F1 in the maintenance of β-cell identity, insulin secretion, and glucose homeostasis. We show that the β-cell–specific loss of E2f1 function in mice triggers glucose intolerance associated with defective insulin secretion, altered endocrine cell mass, downregulation of many β-cell genes, and concomitant increase of non–β-cell markers. Mechanistically, epigenomic profiling of the promoters of these non–β-cell upregulated genes identified an enrichment of bivalent H3K4me3/H3K27me3 or H3K27me3 marks. Conversely, promoters of downregulated genes were enriched in active chromatin H3K4me3 and H3K27ac histone marks. We find that specific E2f1 transcriptional, cistromic, and epigenomic signatures are associated with these β-cell dysfunctions, with E2F1 directly regulating several β-cell genes at the chromatin level. Finally, the pharmacological inhibition of E2F transcriptional activity in human islets also impairs insulin secretion and the expression of β-cell identity genes. Our data suggest that E2F1 is critical for maintaining β-cell identity and function through sustained control of β-cell and non–β-cell transcriptional programs.

Article Highlights
β-Cell–specific E2f1 deficiency in mice impairs glucose tolerance. Loss of E2f1 function alters the ratio of α- to β-cells but does not trigger β-cell conversion into α-cells. Pharmacological inhibition of E2F activity inhibits glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and alters β- and α-cell gene expression in human islets. E2F1 maintains β-cell function and identity through control of transcriptomic and epigenetic programs.
Astrocyte Glycogen Is a Major Source of Hypothalamic Lactate in Rats With Recurrent Hypoglycemia
Authors: Su Gong , Farhat Rawad , Laxman Anil K. , Chapman-Natewa Kimberly , Nelson Irvane E. , Chan Owen 
Published: May 2023

Lactate is an important metabolic substrate for sustaining brain energy requirements when glucose supplies are limited. Recurring exposure to hypoglycemia (RH) raises lactate levels in the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH), which contributes to counterregulatory failure. However, the source of this lactate remains unclear. The current study investigates whether astrocytic glycogen serves as the major source of lactate in the VMH of RH rats. By decreasing the expression of a key lactate transporter in VMH astrocytes of RH rats, we reduced extracellular lactate concentrations, suggesting excess lactate was locally produced from astrocytes. To determine whether astrocytic glycogen serves as the major source of lactate, we chronically delivered either artificial extracellular fluid or 1,4-dideoxy-1,4-imino-d-arabinitol to inhibit glycogen turnover in the VMH of RH animals. Inhibiting glycogen turnover in RH animals prevented the rise in VMH lactate and the development of counterregulatory failure. Lastly, we noted that RH led to an increase in glycogen shunt activity in response to hypoglycemia and elevated glycogen phosphorylase activity in the hours following a bout of hypoglycemia. Our data suggest that dysregulation of astrocytic glycogen metabolism following RH may be responsible, at least in part, for the rise in VMH lactate levels.

Article Highlights
Astrocytic glycogen serves as the major source of elevated lactate levels in the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) of animals exposed to recurring episodes of hypoglycemia. Antecedent hypoglycemia alters VMH glycogen turnover. Antecedent exposure to hypoglycemia enhances glycogen shunt activity in the VMH during subsequent bouts of hypoglycemia. In the immediate hours following a bout of hypoglycemia, sustained elevations in glycogen phosphorylase activity in the VMH of recurrently hypoglycemic animals contribute to sustained elevations in local lactate levels.
Ocena wskaźników przydatności opasowej i jakości rzeźnej jałowic towarowych po buhajach rasy limousine
Authors: Stanek Piotr , Januś Ewa , Żółkiewski Paweł 
Published: May 2023

Celem pracy była ocena wskaźników przydatności opasowej i wartości rzeźnej 53 jałówek mieszańców phf cb z rasą limousine żywionych półintensywnie. Uzyskane wyniki w zakresie przyrostów dobowych, wieku uboju, masy ubojowej, masy tuszy ciepłej i jej wydajności oraz uformowania i otłuszczenia tusz analizowano w zależności od systemu utrzymania, udziału genów rasy limousine, masy urodzeniowej i masy ciała po zakończeniu opasu. Stwierdzono, że jałówki o 75% udziale genów limousine osiągnęły najwyższą masę ubojową i masę tuszy oraz najlepsze umięśnienie i największe otłuszczenie. Większą masą tuszy ciepłej i lepszym umięśnieniem charakteryzowały się jałowice utrzymywane bez uwięzi. Z kolei tusze jałowic utrzymywanych luzem charakteryzowały się istotnie (P ≤ 0,05) większym otłuszczeniem (11,53 pkt, klasa 4–) w porównaniu ze zwierzętami utrzymywanymi na uwięzi (10,32 pkt, klasa 4), jak również uzyskiwały istotnie (P ≤ 0,05) większą wydajność rzeźną (61,2% vs. 60,2%). Stwierdzono, że jałówki o większej masie urodzeniowej uzyskiwały istotnie (P ≤ 0,05) większą masę ubojową.
Przeprowadzona analiza wykazała, że oceniane jałówki uzyskały średnią masę ubojową ponad 475 kg w ciągu 20 miesięcy. W klasyfikacji EUROP ich tusze zostały ocenione na U i R. Ponadto odznaczały się wysoką wydajnością rzeźną wynoszącą ponad 60 % przy otłuszczeniu tuszy w klasie 3 i 4 (klasy otłuszczenia EUROP).
Pokrzywa jako funkcyjny dodatek do żywności, suplementów diety i kosmetyków
Authors: Wajs Joanna , Stobiecka Magdalena , Brodziak Aneta , Król Jolanta 
Published: May 2023

Stale rosnący trend zdrowego stylu życia oraz znaczny postęp technologii spożywczej oraz kosmetycznej skłania producentów do zwiększania funkcjonalności kreowanych produktów. Zarówno żywność, suplementy diety, jak i kosmetyki na bazie lub z dodatkiem pokrzywy zwyczajnej (Urtica dioica L.), zaliczanej do superfoods, posiadają wysoką wartość użytkową oraz szereg właściwości wspomagających zdrowie. Właściwości te niewątpliwie wynikają z obecności związków biologicznie aktywnych. Jako naturalna forma fortyfikacji wielu produktów, pokrzywa należy do ziół o silnych właściwościach przeciwzapalnych, przeciwutleniających czy immunostymulujących. W sektorze spożywczym występuje głównie w produktach takich jak miód, ciastka, herbata lub sok, a także w suplementach diety. W sektorze kosmetycznym pokrzywa jest komponentem szamponów, ale także maseczek czy peelingów. Ukierunkowanie konsumentów na produkty oparte o naturalne składniki a producentów na wykorzystanie potencjału substancji bioaktywnych zawartych w roślinach wpływa bezpośrednio na wykorzystanie surowców naturalnych, w tym pokrzywy, jako komponentów szerokiej gamy produktów dostępnych na rynku.
Age at gonadectomy, sex, and breed size affect risk of canine overweight and obese outcomes: a retrospective cohort study using data from United States primary care veterinary clinics
Authors: Benka Valerie A. , Scarlett Janet M. , Sahrmann John , Rieke Katherine , Briggs Joyce R. , Ruple Audrey , Zawistowski Stephen , Morrison Jo Ann , Spofford Nathaniel , Romagnoli Stefano 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To examine the risk of developing an overweight or obese (O/O) body condition score (BCS) in gonadectomized versus intact dogs and, separately, the impact of age at gonadectomy on O/O outcomes among sterilized dogs.

ANIMALS
Dogs were patients of Banfield Pet Hospital in the US from 2013 to 2019. After exclusion criteria were applied, the final sample consisted of 155,199 dogs.

PROCEDURES
In this retrospective cohort study, Cox proportional hazards models evaluated associations between O/O and gonadectomy status, sex, age at gonadectomy, and breed size. Models were used to estimate the risk of becoming O/O in gonadectomized versus intact dogs and, separately, to estimate risk of O/O BCS according to age at surgery among gonadectomized dogs.

RESULTS
Gonadectomy increased O/O risk for most dogs compared to intact dogs. Unlike most prior findings, O/O hazard ratios among gonadectomized versus intact dogs were larger for males than females. O/O risk varied according to breed size but not linearly. Sterilizing at 1 year old tended to yield a lower O/O risk compared to doing so later. Comparative O/O risk among dogs gonadectomized at 6 months versus 1 year varied by breed size. Overall patterns for obesity related to size were similar to patterns in the O/O analysis.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Veterinarians are uniquely positioned to help prevent O/O in their patients. Results extend understanding of risk factors for O/O development in dogs. In combination with information about other benefits and risks associated with gonadectomy, these data can help tailor recommendations regarding gonadectomy in individual dogs.
Retrospective evaluation of wobbly hedgehog syndrome in 49 African pygmy hedgehogs (Atelerix albiventris): 2000–2020
Authors: Gonzalez Gabriela A. , Balko Julie A. , Sadar Miranda J. , Alexander Amy B. , Sheldon Julie D. , Doss Grayson A. , Keller Krista A. , Gardhouse Sara M. , Petritz Olivia A. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To retrospectively evaluate the prevalence and clinical progression of wobbly hedgehog syndrome (WHS) and concurrent incidence of neoplasia in a cohort of African pygmy hedgehogs (Atelerix albiventris).

ANIMALS
49 hedgehogs.

CLINICAL PRESENTATION AND PROCEDURES
Medical records of hedgehogs from 7 institutions across the US over a 20-year period (2000 to 2020) were retrospectively reviewed. Inclusion criteria were hedgehogs of any sex or age with postmortem CNS histopathology consistent with WHS. Collected data included sex, age at onset and euthanasia, major histopathologic findings, reported neurologic clinical signs, and treatments administered.

RESULTS
24 males and 25 females were included. Fifteen of 49 (31%) individuals had subclinical WHS with no reported antemortem neurologic clinical signs. In neurologically affected (clinical) hedgehogs (n = 34), the mean ± SD age at onset was 3.3 ± 1.5 years with a median (range) time from onset to euthanasia of 51 days (1 to 319 days). In neurologically affected hedgehogs, the most commonly reported clinical signs were ataxia (n = 21) and pelvic limb paresis (16) and the most commonly administered treatment was meloxicam (13). Overall, 31 of 49 (63%) hedgehogs had a concurrent histopathologic diagnosis of neoplasia outside of the CNS.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE
The prognosis for hedgehogs with WHS is poor. No treatment had a significant effect on survival time, and neoplasia was a common comorbidity in the current cohort. A small but clinically relevant subset of neurologically normal hedgehogs had a histopathologic diagnosis of WHS.
Consent to Treatment and Anamnesis as Problem of Communication with Minor Patients in Healthcare Decision-Making
Authors: Palkova Karina , Semaka Svetlana 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Lately lawyers and medical professionals pay more attention too the process of minor patient healthcare. The research shall address the issues of legal relationship between minor patients and medical professionals, consent to treatment of minor patients and communication problems including the scope of information which the doctor can provide to the minor patient’s relatives to protect themselves and patients. Legislation prescribes that the information provided by the medical professional to the minor patient must be not only easy-to-understand, but also be consistent with the patient’s age maturity. However, in Latvia, for example, there are no guidelines that specify how medical professionals can determine the patient’s maturity. In the course of provision of medical services to the minor persons legal disputes involving communiucation failures between the minor patients, their relatives, legal representatives and the doctors arise increasingly frequently. The research will look into issue of communication problems in healthcare. The aim of the research is to provide insight into challenges of legal relations betweem minor patients and medical professionals and communication problems in healthcare.
Therapeutical Properties of Bioactive Compounds Extracted from Ganoderma lucidum Species on Acute and Chronic Diseases
Authors: Pascale Carolina , Sirbu Rodica , Cadar Emin 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Ganoderma lucidum or Reishi is a medicinal mushroom of significant importance that is being used for the prevention and treatment of various diseases, due to its numerous pharmacological and therapeutic properties. The Ganodermataceae family is diverse, but the focus is on the lucidum species because of its specific biologically active macromolecules such as polysaccharides, triterpenoids, steroids, phenolic compounds, lactones, and fatty acids that were isolated from the mycelia and fruiting bodies. Ganoderma lucidum species have many benefits over the immune system (promoting health) and properties such as: anti-tumoral, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, anti-viral, anti-bacterial and antioxidant. Based on the literature, triterpenoids and polysaccharides are the most abundant active compounds that possess anti-diabetic, hepatoprotective, cytotoxic and anti-hypertensive effects. A review of the literature showed that there are very few papers that studied semisolid dosage forms preparations based of Ganoderma lucidum extract to have been used on damaged skin and skin diseases, neither have there been enough studies on its anti-aging properties.
The Significant Role Played by Long Social Connections and a Pleasant Interactive Experience Among Traditional Bapedi Music Practitioners
Authors: Lebaka Morakeng Edward Kenneth 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn Greater Sekhukhune District Municipality, Limpopo Province in South Africa, music is a form of communication and plays a functional role in the Bapedi society. Indigenous Bapedi music is often collaborative and requires communal undertaking and coordinated cooperation. Music and dancing are social activities in which almost traditional Bapedi music practitioners participate. Rhythm and percussive sounds are highly emphasized in indigenous Bapedi music, while the melodies and rhythms of the music usually form the song texts. The main objective of this paper is to examine the creative domain of musical performance among different traditional Bapedi music practitioners, and to share some insight on how traditional Bapedi music practitioners organize, conceptualize, and experience various aspects of their daily lives. The main question the study addressed is: what motivates traditional Bapedi music practitioners to work together, and to struggle for common goals? To achieve the objectives of this study, contextual approach was employed, and data was collected through observations, interviews and video recordings of rehearsals and performances during social gatherings. Relevant sources to the context of this study in the form of published journal articles, book chapters, books and theses were also consulted to compare and complement data collected from the field research. Closer investigation has revealed that music is not alien or extraneous to the Bapedi people, but part of the Bapedi culture. It was concluded that in Bapedi society, traditional music groups were also formed voluntarily with the primary purpose of music performance and dancing, by invitation at ceremonial occasions.
Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Diplogasteroides sp., a Cryptic Population of the Haslacheri Group (Diplogastridae), and Parasitorhabditis terebranus (Rhabditidae) from Korea
Authors: Mwamula Abraham Okki , Lee Sang Myeong , Jung Young Hak , Lee Ho-wook , Kim Yi Seul , Kim Young Ho , Lee Dong Woon 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Diplogasteroides sp., a cryptic population of D. haslacheri, and Parasitorhabditis terebranus were reported from the frass of Monochamus alternatus galleries in dead Pinus thunbergii for the first time in Korea. Females and males are morphologically characterized and their linked DNA barcodes (18S-rRNA, 28S-rRNA, ITS-rRNA and COI) supplied. Females and males of the two species from Korea conform to the original species descriptions from Europe and the USA, with variations in a few details in morphometrics. Specifically, Diplogasteroides sp. is morphologically very similar to D. haslacheri. However, it cannot be designated as D. haslacheri due to the existence of cryptic species complex within the haslacheri group (D. haslacheri, D. asiaticus, D. nix, D. andrassyi, and D. carinthiacus), a condition requiring hybridization studies to test species identity within the group. Based on analysis of COI sequences, differences among these cryptic species are evident. Thus, in addition to hybridization tests, the COI might be a powerful DNA barcoding marker for the precise identification of these cryptic species within the genus. Additionally, this is the first molecular characterization of P. terebranus, and the species is herein recorded for the first time outside its type locality.
Prevalence of the bla
CTX-M and bla
TEM genes among extended-spectrum beta lactamase–producing Escherichia coli isolated from broiler chickens in Indonesia
Authors: Faridah Hayyun Durrotul , Wibisono Freshindy Marissa , Wibisono Freshinta Jellia , Nisa Nabilatun , Fatimah Fatimah , Effendi Mustofa Helmi , Ugbo Emmanuel Nnabuike , Khairullah Aswin Rafif , Kurniawan Shendy Canadya , Silaen Otto Sahat Martua 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Infections of humans and animals by multidrug resistant bacteria are increasing because of the inappropriate use of antibiotics. Disease management may be more challenging if Escherichia coli produce extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL), which could cause resistance to aztreonam and third-generation cephalosporins. This study was aimed at determining the prevalence of the bla
CTX-M and bla
TEM genes among ESBL-producing E. coli isolated from broiler chickens in Indonesia.

Material and Methods
A total of 115 broiler cloacal swab samples were obtained from 22 farms and studied for the presence of E. coli. The isolates were identified using approved standard methods and were purified on eosin methylene blue agar media. The E. coli isolates were subjected to sensitivity testing using beta-lactam antibiotics, and ESBL production was confirmed by a double-disc synergy test. The presence of the bla
CTX-M and bla
TEM genes was identified using a PCR.

Results
It was found that 99/115 (86.1%) of the isolated E. coli were resistant to beta-lactam antibiotics and 34/115 (29.6%) of them were phenotypically detected to be ESBL producers. Of the 34 isolates that were confirmed ESBL producers, 32/34 (94.1%) of them harboured the bla
CTX-M and 13/34 (38.2%) the bla
TEM genes. The bla
CTX-M and bla
TEM genes were detected together in 12/34 (35.3%) isolates.

Conclusion
This study discovered that broiler chickens are possible reservoirs of ESBL-producing E. coli that may infect humans. Thus, a committed public health education campaign is recommended in order to mitigate the potential threat to human health.
Further Evidence of an Association Between a Positive Child Behavior Checklist-Bipolar Profile and a Diagnosis of Pediatric Bipolar Disorder: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: DiSalvo Maura , Vater Chloe Hutt , Green Allison , Woodworth K. Yvonne , Farrell Abigail , Biederman Joseph , Faraone Stephen 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background
Previous research has found that a unique profile of the Child Behavior Checklist comprising of aggregate elevations of the Attention, Anxiety/Depression and Aggression scales (A-A-A profile, CBCL-Bipolar (BP) profile, CBCL-Dysregulation profile (DP); henceforth CBCL-BP/DP profile) is associated with a clinical diagnosis of pediatric bipolar (BP) disorder.

Objective
The main aim of the study is to evaluate the strength of the association between the CBCL-BP/DP profile and the clinical diagnosis of pediatric BP disorder through a meta-analysis.

Methods
A literature search was performed to identify studies that examined the association between a positive CBCL-BP/DP profile and a clinical diagnosis of pediatric BP disorder. The meta-analyses first examined studies assessing the rates of a positive CBCL-BP/DP profile in youth with BP disorder versus those with 1) ADHD, anxiety/depression, or disruptive behavior disorders (DBDs), and 2) non-bipolar controls. The second analysis evaluated studies examining the rates of pediatric BP disorder in youth with and without a positive CBCL-BP/DP profile.

Results
Eighteen articles met our inclusion and exclusion criteria, and fifteen articles had adequate data for meta-analysis. Results showed that BP youth were at significantly increased odds of having a positive CBCL-BP/DP profile compared to those with other psychiatric disorders (i.e., ADHD, anxiety/depression, or DBDs) (pooled OR=4.34, 95% CI=2.82, 8.27; p<0.001) and healthy control groups (pooled OR=34.77, 95% CI=2.87, 420.95; p=0.005). Further, meta-analysis results showed that youth with a positive CBCL-BP/DP profile were at significantly increased odds of having a BP disorder diagnosis compared to those without (pooled OR=4.25, 95% CI=2.12, 8.52; p<0.001).

Conclusion
Our systematic review and meta-analysis of the extant literature provides strong support for the association between the CBCL-BP/DP profile and pediatric BP disorder.