bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Macronutrients intake and physical frailty in Korean older adults: A cohort‐based cross‐sectional study
Authors: Yang Narae , Lee Yunhwan , Kim Mi Kyung , Kim Kirang 
Published: May 2023

AimTo investigate the relationship of energy and macronutrients with physical frailty in Korean older individuals who had a high proportion of energy intake from carbohydrates.MethodsThis study included 954 adults aged 70 to 84 years and used baseline data from the Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study (KFACS) collected in 2016. The relationship between energy or macronutrients and frailty was evaluated using multivariable logistic regression models and multivariable nutrient density models.ResultsA high carbohydrate intake was related to a higher prevalence of frailty (odds ratio [OR] = 2.01, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.03–3.93). In the participants who had low energy intake, replacement of 10% energy from fats with isocaloric carbohydrates was related to a higher prevalence of frailty (10%, OR = 1.59, 95% CI = 1.03–2.43). Regarding proteins, we found no evidence for a relationship between the replacement of the energy of carbohydrates or fats with isocaloric protein and the prevalence of frailty in older adults.ConclusionsThis study showed that the optimal proportion of energy intake from macronutrients may be an important nutritional intervention factor for reducing the risk of frailty among people who are likely to have low energy intake. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2023; 23: 478–485.
Plant community characteristics, soil nutrients and their interactions in artificial grassland with different establishment years in the Three Rivers Headwater Region
Authors: She Yan‐di , Zhou Hua‐kun , Zhang Zhong‐hua , Qin Rui‐min , Chang Tao , Su Hong‐ye , Wei Jing‐jing , Li Hong‐lin , Ma Li 
Published: May 2023

AbstractClarifying the relationship between plant and soil characteristics under different establishment years of artificial grassland can improve the adaptive management ability of alpine grassland, which is of great significance to the sustainable development of alpine grassland ecosystems. This study used field quadrat surveys and indoor analyses to determine the plant community and soil nutrient characteristics of artificial grasslands with different establishment years and analyzed the characteristic differences and internal relations under different establishment years combined with correlation analysis and redundancy analysis. The results showed that the vegetation coverage decreased significantly (p < .05) after the establishment of 5 years, the biomass of artificial grassland decreased with the increase in establishment years and the species diversity index showed a “V‐shaped” change. With the increase in establishment years, the total nutrients of the artificial grassland increased, and the available nutrients decreased. The results of correlation analysis and redundancy analysis showed that soil nutrients in the 0–30 cm soil layer were intrinsically correlated with biomass and soil pH, soil water content and soil bulk density were significantly correlated with plant community changes during the establishment of artificial grassland. This study will help to clarify the changes in plant and soil characteristics of artificial grassland with different establishment years and provide a scientific and theoretical basis for restoring degraded alpine grassland.
Muslim feminists and entrepreneurship at times and in contexts of crises
Authors: Tlaiss Hayfaa A. , McAdam Maura 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis paper explores the coping strategies utilized by Muslim women entrepreneurs in the country‐specific context of crises‐laden Lebanon. In so doing, we capitalize on a qualitative interpretative methodology, drawing upon in‐depth, semi‐structured interviews. We present empirical evidence detailing how women entrepreneurs utilize Muslim feminism and various Islamic practices and values as means of coping with crises situations and contexts. We also provide insights into how the doing of gender unfolds as a coping strategy enabled by Muslim feminism in the advent of adversities. Hence, we underscore the importance of approaching religion as a social construct which is performed, as opposed to treating religion as something located outside the spheres of gender and economics.
Social support services for dementia during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A longitudinal survey exploring service adaptations in the United Kingdom
Authors: Caprioli Thaïs , Giebel Clarissa , Reilly Siobhan , Tetlow Hilary , Limbert Stan , Lloyd‐Williams Mari 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo understand how the delivery of dementia‐related social support services across the UK adapted during the pandemic.MethodsWe devised a two‐part online and telephone longitudinal survey. Providers participated between March and June 2021, and again 3 months later. Information relating to services delivered and delivery methods employed was collected before and during the pandemic at two timepoints (T1 and T2).ResultsA total of 75 participants completed the survey at T1, with 58 participants completing the survey at both timepoints. Thirty‐six participants had complete data at T1. Day care centres and support groups were the most delivered primary services. During the pandemic, services shifted from in‐person to remote or hybrid. While in‐person services started to resume at T2, most services remained hybrid. At T2, the frequency of service delivery increased, however, a decreasing trend in usage was observed across survey timepoints. The telephone was the most employed format to deliver remote and hybrid services, however, reliance on videoconferencing software significantly increased at T1. Videoconferencing software was often used alongside the telephone and emails to remotely deliver services.ConclusionsServices were able to adapt and provide support to some service recipients. Complementing novel approaches to service delivery with more traditional formats may facilitate access to service recipients with limited digital literacy. Following the easing of public health measures, many service recipients may be reluctant to engage with in‐person services. Thus, the provision of in‐person and remote services needs to be carefully balanced amidst the current hybrid landscape.Patient or Public ContributionTwo public advisors (a former unpaid carer and a person living with dementia) were involved in designing and piloting the tool, interpreting the results and disseminating the findings. Both public advisors have experience in delivering dementia‐related social support services before and or during the pandemic in the United Kingdom.
Longitudinal associations between sleep and weight status in infants and toddlers
Authors: Bucko Agnes G. , Armstrong Bridget , McIver Kerry L. , McLain Alexander C. , Pate Russell R. 
Published: May 2023

SummaryBackgroundThe limited research assessing relationships between sleep duration and weight status in infants and toddlers relies primarily on parent‐reported sleep and cross‐sectional studies.ObjectivesExamine whether average sleep duration and changes in sleep duration among 6‐24‐month‐old children were associated with weight‐for‐length z‐scores, and whether these associations varied by race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status and sex.MethodsData were collected when children were approximately 6, 12, 18 and 24 months old (N = 116). Sleep duration was measured using actigraphy. Weight‐for‐length z‐scores were calculated using children's height and weight. Physical activity was assessed using accelerometry. Diet was assessed using a feeding frequency questionnaire. Demographic characteristics included sex, race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status. Separate associations of between‐ and within‐person changes in sleep duration were estimated with weight‐for‐length z‐score treated as the outcome variable in linear mixed model analyses. Additional models were assessed that included interactions between sleep and demographic characteristics.ResultsAt time points where children slept longer at night compared to their own average, their weight‐for‐length z‐score was lower. This relationship was attenuated by physical activity levels.ConclusionsIncreasing sleep duration can improve weight status outcomes in very young children who have low physical activity levels.
Care work in different arenas: Working conditions in Swedish eldercare and disability services
Authors: Erlandsson Sara , Szebehely Marta 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCare work is shaped by the context in which it is carried out. This study explored the context, content, conditions and consequences of work in two fields of social care in Sweden: eldercare and disability services. Policy documents and statistical sources were used to analyse the context. Job content, working conditions and consequences of work were analysed using survey data collected in 2015 and 2017 in eldercare and disability services (N = 1307). The analysis of the political and economic context showed that the disability sector is characterised by a higher ambition level in legislation and funding. The survey of care workers reflected this difference: the work content differs; and the working conditions and their consequences are significantly worse for the eldercare staff than for the disability service staff. Possible explanations for these differences are discussed in terms of policy‐framing, ageist notions and unintended consequences of policy changes.
Comparison of the risk of hospitalisation among BA.1 and BA.2 COVID‐19 cases treated with sotrovimab in the community in England
Authors: Harman Katie , Nash Sophie Grace , Webster Harriet H. , Groves Natalie , Hardstaff Jo , Bridgen Jessica , Blomquist Paula B. , Hope Russell , Ashano Efejiro , Myers Richard , Rokadiya Sakib , Hopkins Susan , Brown Colin S. , Chand Meera , Dabrera Gavin , Thelwall Simon 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThere are concerns that sotrovimab has reduced efficacy at reducing hospitalisation risk against the BA.2 sub‐lineage of the Omicron SARS‐CoV‐2 variant. We performed a retrospective cohort (n = 8850) study of individuals treated with sotrovimab in the community, with the objective of assessing whether there were any differences in risk of hospitalisation of BA.2 cases compared with BA.1. We estimated that the hazard ratio of hospital admission with a length of stay of 2 days or more was 1.17 for BA.2 compared with BA.1 (95%CI 0.74–1.86). These results suggest that the risk of hospital admission was similar between the two sub‐lineages.
Use of iTRAQ‐based quantitative proteomic identification of CHGA and UCHL1 correlated with lymph node metastasis in colorectal carcinoma
Authors: Lee Ko‐Chao , Chen Hong‐Hwa , Cheng Kung‐Chuan , Liu Ting‐Ting , Lee Kam‐Fai , Teng Chih‐Chuan , Huang Cheng‐Yi , Hsieh Meng‐Chiao , Kuo Hsing‐Chun 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMetastatic dissemination of colorectal cancer (CRC), the third most common cancer type, is responsible for CRC deaths. Understanding the transition of lymph node metastasis (LNM) from Stage II to Stage III is beneficial in the prognosis and intervention of CRC. In this study, a quantitative proteomic survey was conducted to investigate the LNM‐associated proteins and evaluate the clinicopathological characteristics of these target proteins in CRC. By using the LC–MS/MS iTRAQ technology, we analysed the proteomic changes between LMN II and LMN III. Fresh tumours from the CRC specimens consisting of 12 node‐negative (Stage II) and 12 node‐positive (Stage III) cases were analysed by LC–MS/MS iTRAQ proteome analysis. Subsequently, tissue microarray with immunohistochemistry staining was conducted to access the clinicopathological characteristics of these proteins in 116 paraffin‐embedded CRC samples, each for non‐LNM and LNM CRC. To study the effects of the differentially expressed proteins on the potential mechanism, Boyden chamber assay, flow cytometry and shRNA‐based assessments were conducted to examine the role of the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and the invasiveness of CRC cells and others in vivo xenograft mouse model experiments. Forty‐eight proteins were found differentially expressed between non‐LNM and LNM CRC tissues. Protein abundances of chromogranin‐A (CHGA) and ubiquitin carboxyl‐terminal hydrolase isozyme L1 (UCHL1) were observed in node‐positive CRC (p < 0.05). Knockdown of CHGA and UCHL1 significantly regulate cancer behaviours of HCT‐116, including inhibition of cell migration, invasiveness, cell cycle G1/S arrest and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Mechanistically, the CHGA and UCHL1 inactivation displayed decreased levels of UCH‐L1, chromogranin A, β‐catenin, cyclin E, twist‐1/2, vimentin, MMP‐9, N‐cadherin and PCNA through the activation of the Rho‐GTPase/AKT/NFκB pathways. Histone modification of H3K4 trimethylation of CHGA and UCHL1 promoter were increased to activate their transcription through the signalling transduction such as Rho‐GTPase, AKT and NFκB pathways. Our results indicated that UCHL1 and chromogranin A are novel regulators in CRC lymph node metastasis to potentially provide new insights into the mechanism of CRC progression and serve as biomarkers for CRC diagnosis at the metastatic stage.
Corticostriatal connectivity mediates the reciprocal relationship between parent‐reported sleep duration and impulsivity in early adolescents
Authors: Yang Fan Nils , Liu Tina Tong , Wang Ze 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundAdolescence, a developmental period characterized by significant changes in sleep, is associated with normative increases in impulsivity. While short sleep duration has been linked to elevated impulsivity, the neural mechanism underlying the relationship between short sleep duration and elevated impulsivity remains poorly understood.MethodsWe analyzed a dataset of 7,884 drug‐naive 9–10 year‐olds from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. Among them, 5,166 have two‐year follow‐up neuroimaging data. Linear mixed‐effects models, mediation analyses, and longitudinal mediation analyses were used to investigate the relationship between parent‐reported sleep duration, impulsivity, and functional and structural connectivity between the cortex and the striatum.ResultsWe found that less sleep duration is significantly associated with higher positive and negative urgency, which are two affect‐related components of impulsivity. In addition, we observed a link between short sleep duration and reduced corticostriatal connectivity. Neural pathways associated with short sleep duration—functional connectivity between the cingulo‐opercular network and the left caudate, and between the cingulo‐parietal network and the right pallidum—mediated the association between sleep duration and positive urgency both at baseline and two‐year follow‐up. Longitudinal mediation analyses further revealed that short sleep duration and elevated positive urgency exacerbated each other through these two corticostriatal connectivities.ConclusionsThese findings highlight the key role of corticostriatal connectivities in the reciprocal relationship between short sleep duration and elevated impulsivity. Given the increasing prevalence of short sleep duration in adolescents, the link between sleep duration, impulsivity, and corticostriatal connectivities has important implications for timely interventions to address impulsive problems in early adolescents.
Influence of perioperative antiplatelet and anticoagulant medication management on bleeding events in dermatosurgery—A prospective observational study
Authors: Höper Rabea , Rosen Michael , Kofler Katrin , Häfner Hans‐Martin , Kofler Lukas 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundPerioperative management of antiplatelet and anticoagulant (AP/AC) therapy is a matter of balancing the risks of bleeding and thromboembolic events. Reliable data for dermatosurgery are still lacking, especially for direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC).ObjectivesThe aim was to prospectively evaluate the influence of AP/AC‐medication on bleeding risk in dermatosurgery with focus on exact intervals between DOAC intake and procedure performed on post‐operative bleeding.MethodsPatients with or without AP/AC‐therapy were included in the study without randomization. Exact times of DOAC‐intake, procedure performed and post‐operative bleeding were documented. Data collection was prospectively and standardized done by one person.ResultsWe evaluated 1852 procedures in 675 patients. Post‐operative bleeding occurred after 15.93% (n = 295) of all procedures, but only a few of them were severe (1.57%, n = 29). Compared to patients without AP/AC‐medication, severe post‐operative bleeding occurred significantly more often under dual antiplatelet therapy (11.76%, n = 2; p = 0.0166) and bridging of either vitamin K antagonist (9.09%, n = 2; p = 0.0270) or DOAC (15.38%, n = 2; p = 0.0099). There was no significant difference in the frequency of severe bleeding regarding to the preoperative DOAC‐free period.ConclusionsAlthough AP/AC‐therapy is associated with a significant higher rate of post‐operative bleeding, no life‐threatening bleeding was recorded. Long preoperative pausing or bridging of DOAC does not lead to significantly less severe bleeding events.
Tildrakizumab improves high burden skin symptoms, impaired sleep and quality of life of moderate‐to‐severe plaque psoriasis patients in conditions close to clinical practice
Authors: Costanzo Antonio , Llamas‐Velasco Mar , Fabbrocini Gabriella , Cuccia Aldo , Rivera‐Diaz Raquel , Gaarn Du Jardin Kristian , Kasujee Ismail , Puig Lluís , Carrascosa José Manuel 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundTildrakizumab (TIL) is an interleukin (IL)‐23p19 inhibitor for the treatment of moderate‐to‐severe plaque psoriasis with long‐term efficacy and safety demonstrated in Phase III trials. Studies conducted in conditions closer to clinical practice are needed.ObjectivesThe TRIBUTE study (open‐label, Phase IV) assessed the efficacy and impact on health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) of TIL 100 mg in adult moderate‐to‐severe psoriasis patients (naïve to IL‐23/Th17 pathway inhibitors) in conditions similar to clinical practice.MethodsKey efficacy measure was Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI). HRQoL was evaluated using the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) and Skindex‐16. Additional patient‐reported outcomes included Pain‐, Pruritus‐ and Scaling‐Numerical Rating Scale (NRS), Medical Outcome Study (MOS)‐Sleep, Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI), Patient Benefit Index (PBI) and Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication (TSQM).ResultsOne hundred and seventy‐seven patients were enrolled (six patients did not complete the study). After 24 weeks, the proportion of patients achieving PASI scores ≤ 3, PASI 75, PASI 90 and DLQI 0/1 was 88.4%, 92.5%, 74.0% and 70.4%, respectively. Skindex‐16 overall score improved (mean absolute change from baseline, MACB [95%CI]: −53.3 [−58.1, −48.5]). Significant benefits (MACB [95%CI]) were found on pruritus‐, pain‐ and scaling‐NRS scores (−5.7 [−6.1, −5.2], −3.5 [−4.1, −3.0] and −5.7 [−6.2, −5.2], respectively), MOS‐Sleep (−10.4 [−13.3, −7.4] Sleep problems Index II) and WPAI (−36.4 [−42.6, −30.2] activity impairment, −28.2 [−34.7, −21.7] productivity loss, −27.0 [−32.9, −21.1] presenteeism and −6.8 [−12.1, −1.5] absenteeism). 82.7% of patients reported PBI ≥ 3 and the mean (SD) global TSQM score was high (80.5 [18.5]). Only one serious treatment‐emergent adverse event was reported (not‐related to TIL).ConclusionsTIL 100 mg treatment after 24 weeks in conditions close to real clinical practice showed a quick and high improvement in psoriasis signs and HRQoL. Patient reported improvements in sleep outcomes and work productivity, relevant benefits and high treatment satisfaction. The safety profile was favourable and consistent with Phase III trials.
Impact on facial skin aging signs of a 1‐year standardized photoprotection over a classical skin care routine in skin phototypes II–VI individuals: A prospective randomized trial
Authors: Flament F. , Mercurio D. G. , Catalan E. , Bouhadanna E. , Delaunay C. , Miranda D. F. , Passeron T. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundData reflecting the impact of photoprotection on cutaneous aging are scarce and mostly limited to fair skin.ObjectiveTo assess the effectiveness of a photoprotective product in counteracting the photoaging process in different skin phototypes over 1 year compared against a classical routine.Materials and MethodsTwo hundred and ninety Brazilian women aged 30–65 years, with skin phototype II–VI were equally randomized in two groups. Group 1 kept on their routine whereas Group 2 applied, twice daily, a photoprotective product (SPF 60, PPD = 24.1) replacing the one they routinely used. Volunteers reported the duration of their daily sun‐exposure. Standardized photographs taken at D0 and D365 were analysed by 15 dermatologists to assess eight wrinkles and pigmentation signs.ResultsA global increase in severity was reported which was significant for Group 1. This increase was lower in Group 2 where only half the signs showed significant worsening. In Group 2 versus Group 1, the increase in forehead wrinkles, marionette lines, wrinkles created by ptosis and size of dark spot was significantly (p < 0.05) decreased by 30%–50%.ConclusionDaily application of a high photoprotective product significantly decreases the progression of skin aging signs after 1 year in skin phototypes II–VI.
A holistic and comprehensive data approach validates the distribution of the critically endangered flapper skate (Dipturus intermedius)
Authors: Garbett Amy , Loca Sophie L. , Barreau Thomas , Biscoito Manuel , Bradley Caroline , Breen Joe , Clarke Maurice , Ellis Jim R. , Griffiths Andrew M. , Hannon Gary , Jakobsdóttir Klara , Junge Claudia , Lynghammar Arve , McCloskey Matthew , Minos George , Phillips Natasha D. , Prodöhl Paulo A. , Roche William , Iglésias Samuel P. , Thorburn James , Collins Patrick C. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMorphological similarities between skates of the genus Dipturus in the north‐eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean have resulted in longstanding confusion, misidentification and misreporting. Current evidence indicates that the common skate is best explained as two species, the flapper skate (Dipturus intermedius) and the common blue skate (D. batis). However, some management and conservation initiatives developed prior to the separation continue to refer to common skate (as ‘D. batis’). This taxonomic uncertainty can lead to errors in estimating population viability, distribution range, and impact on fisheries management and conservation status. Here, we demonstrate how a concerted taxonomic approach, using molecular data and a combination of survey, angler and fisheries data, in addition to expert witness statements, can be used to build a higher resolution picture of the current distribution of D. intermedius. Collated data indicate that flapper skate has a more constrained distribution compared to the perceived distribution of the ‘common skate’, with most observations recorded from Norway and the western and northern seaboards of Ireland and Scotland, with occasional specimens from Portugal and the Azores. Overall, the revised spatial distribution of D. intermedius has significantly reduced the extant range of the species, indicating a possibly fragmented distribution range.