bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The predictive value and response to immunosuppressive therapy of IgA nephropathy patients with crescents in a large retrospective Chinese cohort
Authors: Guo Yingman , Shi Sufang , Zhou Xujie , Liu Lijun , Lv Jicheng , Zhu Li , Wang Suxia , Zhang Hong 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT

Background
The prognostic value and response to immunosuppressive therapy (IST) of patients with crescents in the different backgrounds of pathological presentations in immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) is unclear.

Methods
A total of 1262 IgAN patients were enrolled. Crescents (C, 0/1/2), fibrinoid necrosis (FN, 0/1) and endocapillary hypercellularity (E, 0/1) were integrated into different degrees of glomerular activity (0–4 points): mild (0), moderate (1–2) and severe (≥3). The effect of IST on patients with different glomerular activity scores and chronic tubular and interstitial lesions (T, 0/1/2) were analysed using Cox regression analysis. The kidney outcome was defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate decrease ≥30% or end-stage kidney disease.

Results
C2 was an independent risk factor for kidney outcomes {overall cohort: hazard ratio [HR] 1.85 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.03–3.31], P = .040; T0 patients: HR 6.52 [95% CI 2.92–14.54], P &lt; .001; reference to C0} in those without IST, while the HR decreased to 0.83 (95% CI 0.54–1.27; P = .396) in the overall cohort and 2.39 (95% CI 1.00–5.67; P = .049) in T0 patients with IST. For patients with severe glomerular activity, IST decreased the risk of kidney outcomes by 70% in the overall cohort [HR 0.30 (95% CI 0.12–0.74), P = .009; reference to those without IST] and 86% in T0 patients [HR 0.14 (95% CI 0.04–0.54), P = 0.005; reference to those without IST].

Conclusions
IST could reduce the risk for kidney outcomes in IgAN patients with C2 and T0 lesions together, as well as in those with crescents and at least one other active lesion, including FN and E1 lesions.
Targeted metabolomics characterizes metabolite occurrence and variability in stable freshwater mussel populations
Authors: Waller Diane , Putnam Joel , Steiner J Nolan , Fisher Brant , Burcham Grant N , Oliver John , Smith Stephen B , Erickson Richard , Remek Anne , Bodoeker Nancy 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Freshwater mussels (order Unionida) play a key role in freshwater systems as ecosystem engineers and indicators of aquatic ecosystem health. The fauna is globally imperilled due to a diversity of suspected factors; however, causes for many population declines and mortality events remain unconfirmed due partly to limited health assessment tools. Mussel-monitoring activities often rely on population-level measurements, such as abundance and age structure, which reflect delayed responses to environmental conditions. Measures of organismal health would enable preemptive detection of declining condition before population-level effects manifest. Metabolomic analysis can identify shifts in biochemical pathways in response to stressors and changing environmental conditions; however, interpretation of the results requires information on inherent variability of metabolite concentrations in mussel populations. We targeted metabolites in the haemolymph of two common mussels, Lampsilis cardium and Lampsilis siliquoidea, from three Indiana streams (USA) using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography combined with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectroscopy. The influence of species, stream and sex on metabolite variability was examined with distance-based redundancy analysis. Metabolite variability was most influenced by species, followed by site and sex. Inter- and intraspecies metabolite variability among sexes was less distinct than differences among locations. We further categorized metabolites by occurrence and variability in mussel populations. Metabolites with high occurrence (Categories 1 and 2) included those indicative of energy status (catabolism versus anabolism; arginine, proline, carnitine, nicotinic acid, pantothenic acid), oxidative stress (proline, glutamine, glutamate) and protein metabolism (thymidine, cytidine, inosine). Metabolites with lower occurrence (Category 3) are constituents of assorted metabolic pathways and can be important biomarkers with additional temporal sampling to characterize their variability. These data provide a reference for future temporal (before/after) monitoring and for studies of stressor–metabolite linkages in freshwater mussels.
A systematization of voter registration security
Authors: Cable Jack , Fábrega Andrés , Park Sunoo , Specter Michael A 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Voter registration is an essential part of almost any election process, and its security is a critical component of election security. Yet, despite notable compromises of voter registration systems, relatively little academic work has been devoted to securing voter registration systems, compared to research on other aspects of election security. In this paper, we present a systematic treatment of voter registration system security. We propose the first rigorous definitional framework for voter registration systems, describing the entities and core functionalities inherent in most voter registration systems, the jurisdictional policies that constrain specific implementations, and key security properties. Our definitions are configurable based on jurisdiction-specific parameters and policies. We provide a template for the structured presentation of detailed jurisdictional policy information, via a series of tables, and illustrate its application with detailed case studies of the voter registration systems of three US states and Panama. Throughout our research, with the aim of realism and practical applicability, we consulted current and former US election officials, civil society, and nonprofits in the elections space. We conclude with a list of critical questions regarding voter registration security.
PLBD: protein–ligand binding database of thermodynamic and kinetic intrinsic parameters
Authors: Lingė Darius , Gedgaudas Marius , Merkys Andrius , Petrauskas Vytautas , Vaitkus Antanas , Grybauskas Algirdas , Paketurytė Vaida , Zubrienė Asta , Zakšauskas Audrius , Mickevičiūtė Aurelija , Smirnovienė Joana , Baranauskienė Lina , Čapkauskaitė Edita , Dudutienė Virginija , Urniežius Ernestas , Konovalovas Aleksandras , Kazlauskas Egidijus , Shubin Kirill , Schiöth Helgi B , Chen Wen-Yih , Ladbury John E , Gražulis Saulius , Matulis Daumantas 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
We introduce a protein–ligand binding database (PLBD) that presents thermodynamic and kinetic data of reversible protein interactions with small molecule compounds. The manually curated binding data are linked to protein–ligand crystal structures, enabling structure–thermodynamics correlations to be determined. The database contains over 5500 binding datasets of 556 sulfonamide compound interactions with the 12 catalytically active human carbonic anhydrase isozymes defined by fluorescent thermal shift assay, isothermal titration calorimetry, inhibition of enzymatic activity and surface plasmon resonance. In the PLBD, the intrinsic thermodynamic parameters of interactions are provided, which account for the binding-linked protonation reactions. In addition to the protein–ligand binding affinities, the database provides calorimetrically measured binding enthalpies, providing additional mechanistic understanding. The PLBD can be applied to investigations of protein–ligand recognition and could be integrated into small molecule drug design.
Database URL https://plbd.org/
Hypomethylation and Overexpression of Th17-Associated Genes is a Hallmark of Intestinal CD4+ Lymphocytes in Crohn’s Disease
Authors: Sun Zhifu , Braga-Neto Manuel B , Xiong Yuning , Bhagwate Adytia V , Gibbons Hunter R , Sagstetter Mary R , Hamdan Feda H , Baheti Saurabh , Friton Jessica , Nair Asha , Ye Zhenqing , Faubion William A 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background
The development of Crohn’s disease [CD] involves immune cell signalling pathways regulated by epigenetic modifications. Aberrant DNA methylation has been identified in peripheral blood and bulk intestinal tissue from CD patients. However, the DNA methylome of disease-associated intestinal CD4+ lymphocytes has not been evaluated.

Materials and Methods
Genome-wide DNA methylation sequencing was performed from terminal ileum CD4+ cells from 21 CD patients and 12 age- and sex-matched controls. Data were analysed for differentially methylated CpGs [DMCs] and methylated regions [DMRs]. Integration was performed with RNA-sequencing data to evaluate the functional impact of DNA methylation changes on gene expression. DMRs were overlapped with regions of differentially open chromatin [by ATAC-seq] and CCCTC-binding factor [CTCF] binding sites [by ChIP-seq] between peripherally derived Th17 and Treg cells.

Results
CD4+ cells in CD patients had significantly increased DNA methylation compared to those from the controls. A total of 119 051 DMCs and 8113 DMRs were detected. While hypermethylated genes were mostly related to cell metabolism and homeostasis, hypomethylated genes were significantly enriched within the Th17 signalling pathway. The differentially enriched ATAC regions in Th17 cells [compared to Tregs] were hypomethylated in CD patients, suggesting heightened Th17 activity. There was significant overlap between hypomethylated DNA regions and CTCF-associated binding sites.

Conclusions
The methylome of CD patients shows an overall dominant hypermethylation yet hypomethylation is more concentrated in proinflammatory pathways, including Th17 differentiation. Hypomethylation of Th17-related genes associated with areas of open chromatin and CTCF binding sites constitutes a hallmark of CD-associated intestinal CD4+ cells.
Pan trapping is an effective method to trap adults of the jujube gall midge, Dasineura jujubifolia (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae)
Authors: Wang Hainuo , Yang Long , Pan Yunfei , Zhang Jianmin , Lu Yanhui 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Jujube gall midge (Dasineura jujubifolia Jiao & Bu) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) is an important pest in jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) orchards in Aksu, Xinjiang, China. Yellow sticky traps are the main device used for monitoring jujube gall midge adults, but their efficacy is low. Here, we compared the effectiveness of yellow sticky traps with water pan traps (are commonly used for trapping Diptera insects) to monitor jujube gall midge adults. Yellow sticky traps and pan traps were deployed for 2 consecutive years in jujube orchards in Aksu, Xinjiang, China. The midge’s population dynamics as revealed by these 2 trap types were consistent, but the effectiveness of pan traps was about 5 times greater than that of the yellow sticky traps. In addition, pan traps captured fewer non-target species (e.g., parasitic wasps, lacewings, and lady beetles) than yellow sticky traps. Our study suggests that pan trap is an effective device to monitor jujube gall midge adults with minimal harm to natural enemies.
Impact of annual volume of cases and intensive cardiac care unit availability on mortality of patients with acute myocardial infarction-related cardiogenic shock treated at revascularization capable centres
Authors: Barrionuevo-Sánchez M Isabel , Viana-Tejedor Ana , Ariza-Solé Albert , del Prado Náyade , Rosillo Nicolás , Sánchez-Salado José Carlos , Lorente Victòria , Jorge-Pérez Pablo , Noriega Francisco Javier , Ferrera Carlos , Alegre Oriol , Llaó Isaac , Bernal José Luis , Triguero Laura , Fernández-Pérez Cristina , González-Costello José , Marcos Marta , de la Cuerda Francisco , Carmona Jesús , Cequier Angel , Fernández-Ortiz Antonio , Pérez-Villacastín Julián , Comin-Colet Josep , Elola Francisco Javier 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Aims
Cardiogenic shock (CS) is associated with high mortality. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of hospital structure-related variables on mortality in patients with CS treated at percutaneous and surgical revascularization capable centres (psRCC) from a large nationwide registry.

Methods and results
Retrospective observational study including consecutive patients with main or secondary diagnosis of CS and ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Patients discharged from Spanish National Healthcare System psRCC were included (2016–20). The association between the volume of CS cases attended by each centre, availability of intensive cardiac care unit (ICCU) and heart transplantation (HT) programmes, and in-hospital mortality was assessed by multilevel logistic regression models. The study population consisted of 3074 CS-STEMI episodes, of whom 1759 (57.2%) occurred in 26 centres with ICCU. A total of 17/44 hospitals (38.6%) were high-volume centres, and 19/44 (43%) centres had HT programmes availability. Treatment at HT centres was not associated with a lower mortality (P = 0.121). Both high volume of cases and ICCU showed a trend to an association with lower mortality in the adjusted model [odds ratio (OR): 0.87 and 0.88, respectively]. The interaction between both variables was significantly protective (OR 0.72; P = 0.024). After propensity score matching, mortality was lower in high-volume hospitals with ICCU (OR 0.79; P = 0.007).

Conclusion
Most CS-STEMI patients were attended at psRCC with high volume of cases and ICCU available. The combination of high volume and ICCU availability showed the lowest mortality. These data should be taken into account when designing regional networks for CS management.
Complete revascularization is associated with higher mortality in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction, multi-vessel disease and shock defined by hyperlactataemia: results from the Harefield Shock Registry incorporating explainable machine learning
Authors: Tindale Alexander , Cretu Ioana , Meng Hongying , Panoulas Vasileios 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Aims
Revascularization strategy for patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and multi-vessel disease varies according to the patient’s cardiogenic shock status, but assessing shock acutely can be difficult. This article examines the link between cardiogenic shock defined solely by a lactate of ≥2 mmol/L and mortality from complete vs. culprit-only revascularization in this cohort.

Methods and results
Patients presenting with STEMI, multi-vessel disease without severe left main stem stenosis and a lactate ≥2 mmol/L between 2011 and 2021 were included. The primary endpoint was mortality at 30 days by revascularization strategy for shocked patients. Secondary endpoints were mortality at 1 year and over a median follow-up of 30 months. Four hundred and eight patients presented in shock. Mortality in the shock cohort was 27.5% at 30 days. Complete revascularization (CR) was associated with higher mortality at 30 days [odds ratio (OR) 2.1 (1.02–4.2), P = 0.043], 1 year [OR 2.4 (1.2–4.9), P = 0.01], and over 30 months follow-up [hazard ratio (HR) 2.2 (1.4–3.4), P &lt; 0.001] compared with culprit lesion-only percutaneous coronary intervention (CLOP). Mortality was again higher in the CR group after propensity matching (P = 0.018) and inverse probability treatment weighting [HR 2.0 (1.3–3.0), P = 0.001]. Furthermore, explainable machine learning demonstrated that CR was behind only blood gas parameters and creatinine levels in importance for predicting 30-day mortality.

Conclusion
In patients presenting with STEMI and multi-vessel disease in shock defined solely by a lactate of ≥2 mmol/L, CR is associated with higher mortality than CLOP.
Multimodality imaging for patient selection, procedural guidance, and follow-up of transcatheter interventions for structural heart disease: a consensus document of the EACVI Task Force on Interventional Cardiovascular Imaging: part 1: access routes, transcatheter aortic valve implantation, and transcatheter mitral valve interventions
Authors: Agricola Eustachio , Ancona Francesco , Bartel Thomas , Brochet Eric , Dweck Marc , Faletra Francesco , Lancellotti Patrizio , Mahmoud-Elsayed Hani , Marsan Nina Ajmone , Maurovich-Hovart Pal , Monaghan Mark , Pontone Gianluca , Sade Leyla Elif , Swaans Martin , Von Bardeleben Ralph Stephan , Wunderlich Nina , Zamorano Jose-Luis , Popescu Bogdan A , Cosyns Bernard , Donal Erwan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Transcatheter therapies for the treatment of structural heart diseases (SHD) have expanded dramatically over the last years, thanks to the developments and improvements of devices and imaging techniques, along with the increasing expertise of operators. Imaging, in particular echocardiography, is pivotal during patient selection, procedural monitoring, and follow-up. The imaging assessment of patients undergoing transcatheter interventions places demands on imagers that differ from those of the routine evaluation of patients with SHD, and there is a need for specific expertise for those working in the cath lab. In the context of the current rapid developments and growing use of SHD therapies, this document intends to update the previous consensus document and address new advancements in interventional imaging for access routes and treatment of patients with aortic stenosis and regurgitation, and mitral stenosis and regurgitation.
Physiological declines in sex steroid exposure in relation to changes in body composition in healthy men—a prospective cohort study
Authors: Banica Thiberiu , Verroken Charlotte , Reyns Tim , T’Sjoen Guy , Fiers Tom , Kaufman Jean-Marc , Lapauw Bruno 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveAndrogen levels decline from early adulthood and decreases are steeper in men with increasing body mass index. It is, however, unclear to what extent changes in other indices of body composition and metabolism associate with changes in sex steroid levels in healthy men. Therefore, this study investigated longitudinal changes in body composition and metabolic health in relation to sex steroid levels in healthy adult men.DesignThis is a longitudinal, population-based study. A total of 676 healthy men aged 24-46 years were measured at baseline and after ±12 years.MethodsSerum sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) was measured by immunoassay, testosterone (T), estradiol (E2), and dihydrotestosterone byliquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), calculated free T and calculated free E2 (cFE2), and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were calculated. Grip strength was measured by hand-grip dynamometry. Body composition was determined using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and peripheral quantitative computed tomography.ResultsMean fat mass (FM), lean mass (LM), and HOMA-IR increased (all P &lt; .001). Decreasing androgen and SHBG levels was associated with increasing FM, whereas decreasing (cF)E2 levels were associated with decreasing FM (all P &lt; .005). Decreasing (cF)E2 levels and increasing SHBG levels associated with decreasing LM (all P &lt; .002). Changes in sex steroid levels and HOMA-IR or grip strength were not interrelated.ConclusionAging leads to increases in FM indices and insulin resistance, whereas changes in parameters of LM are less unequivocal. In healthy adult men, physiological changes in sex steroid exposure clearly correlate with changes in adiposity but not so with lean mass, insulin resistance, or grip strength.Clinical TrialThe SIBEX study was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (#NVT02997033).
Novel aldo-keto reductase 1C3 inhibitor affects androgen metabolism but not ovarian function in healthy women: a phase 1 study
Authors: Gashaw Isabella , Reif Stefanie , Wiesinger Herbert , Kaiser Andreas , Zollmann Frank S , Scheerans Christian , Grevel Joachim , Piraino Paolo , Seidel Henrik , Peters Michaele , Rottmann Antje , Rohde Beate , Arlt Wiebke , Hilpert Jan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
Aldo-keto reductase 1C3 (AKR1C3) has been postulated to be involved in androgen, progesterone, and estrogen metabolism. Aldo-keto reductase 1C3 inhibition has been proposed for treatment of endometriosis and polycystic ovary syndrome. Clinical biomarkers of target engagement, which can greatly facilitate drug development, have not yet been described for AKR1C3 inhibitors. Here, we analyzed pharmacodynamic data from a phase 1 study with a new selective AKR1C3 inhibitor, BAY1128688, to identify response biomarkers and assess effects on ovarian function.

Design
In a multiple-ascending-dose placebo-controlled study, 33 postmenopausal women received BAY1128688 (3, 30, or 90 mg once daily or 60 mg twice daily) or placebo for 14 days. Eighteen premenopausal women received 60 mg BAY1128688 once or twice daily for 28 days.

Methods
We measured 17 serum steroids by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry, alongside analysis of pharmacokinetics, menstrual cyclicity, and safety parameters.

Results
In both study populations, we observed substantial, dose-dependent increases in circulating concentrations of the inactive androgen metabolite androsterone and minor increases in circulating etiocholanolone and dihydrotestosterone concentrations. In premenopausal women, androsterone concentrations increased 2.95-fold on average (95% confidence interval: 0.35-3.55) during once- or twice-daily treatment. Note, no concomitant changes in serum 17β-estradiol and progesterone were observed, and menstrual cyclicity and ovarian function were not altered by the treatment.

Conclusions
Serum androsterone was identified as a robust response biomarker for AKR1C3 inhibitor treatment in women. Aldo-keto reductase 1C3 inhibitor administration for 4 weeks did not affect ovarian function.
ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02434640; EudraCT Number: 2014-005298-36
At the intersection of race and immigration: a comprehensive review of depression and related symptoms within the US Black population
Authors: Esie Precious , Bates Lisa M 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Although the literature on the differences between Black people and White people in terms of differences in major depressive disorder and related self-reported symptoms is robust, less robust is the literature on how these outcomes are patterned within the US Black population and why differences exist. Given increased ethnic diversity of Black Americans due to increases in immigration, continued aggregation may mask differences between Black ethnic-immigrant groups and Black Americans with more distant ancestral ties to Africa (African Americans). The purpose of this narrative review was to comprehensively synthesize the literature on depression and related symptoms within the US Black population across immigration- and ethnicity-related domains and provide a summary of mechanisms proposed to explain variation. Findings revealed substantial variation in the presence of these outcomes within the US Black population by nativity, region of birth, age at immigration, and Caribbean ethnic origin. Racial context and racial socialization were identified as important, promising mechanisms for better understanding variations by region of birth and among those born or socialized in the United States, respectively. Findings warrant data collection efforts and measurement innovation to better account for within-racial differences in outcomes under study. A greater appreciation of the growing ethnic-immigrant diversity within the US Black population may improve understanding of how racism differentially functions as a cause of depression and related symptoms within this group.