bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating time-limited and persistent symptoms of adjustment disorder in cancer patients after a colorectal cancer diagnosis: a longitudinal observational study
Authors: Wijnhoven Lonneke M.A. , Kwakkenbos Linda , Verdonck-de Leeuw Irma M. , Prins Judith B. , Custers José A.E. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background:
Patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) may experience symptoms of adjustment disorder (AD) after cancer diagnosis and treatment. Time-limited symptoms of AD may become persistent if the stressor or its consequences have not disappeared after 6 months, but evidence on the course of AD symptoms is scarce. This longitudinal observational study investigates the proportion of patients with CRC with time-limited and persistent AD symptoms within the first year after diagnosis, in relation to demographic, clinical, and psychological factors and health-related quality of life (HRQoL).

Methods:
Informed consent was retrieved from 232 participants, and 194 participants completed questionnaires at baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months postdiagnosis. Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale total scores (HADS-T) were categorized as indication for no symptoms of a mental disorder (MD) (HADS-T ≤10), AD symptoms (HADS-T 11–14), and other MD symptoms (HADS-T ≥15). Symptom subgroups over time were a priori defined: no MD, time-limited AD, persistent AD, other MD, and fluctuating symptoms.

Results:
Complete data were available for 81 participants (41.4%). Over time, 38.3% had no MD symptoms, 8.6% had time-limited AD symptoms, 1.2% had persistent AD symptoms, 4.9% had other MD symptoms, and 46.9% had fluctuating symptoms. Participants with AD and fluctuating symptoms reported higher fear of cancer recurrence, lower HRQoL, and higher cancer-specific distress than participants without MD symptoms (P < .5).

Conclusions:
During the first year after CRC diagnosis, only a small proportion of the patients showed time-limited and persistent AD symptoms and most showed fluctuating symptoms. More prospective research is needed to determine how repeated assessments for elevated AD symptoms relate to an AD diagnosis established with a diagnostic interview.
Examining Soft and Hard Attributes of Health Care Service Quality and Their Impacts on Patient Satisfaction and Loyalty
Authors: Chen Li-Hsin , Chen Chun-Hung , Loverio Jennifer Pasion , Wang Mei-Jung (Sebrina) , Lee Ling-Hui , Hou Ya-Pin 
Published: July 2023

Background and Objectives:
Many studies have confirmed the influences of various service quality dimensions on patient satisfaction and loyalty, but no existing theoretical model accounts for variation in how different types of patients evaluate service quality's soft and hard attributes. This research gap may cause problems for administrators needing to decide how to distribute resources appropriately across multiple departments. Therefore, this study establishes a theoretical model of the differences between inpatients' and outpatients' evaluations of hard and soft qualities and compares such evaluations' influences on patient satisfaction and loyalty. Also, to supplement statistical analysis and respond to scholars' calls for more mixed-methods studies of health care quality, this research incorporates analysis of online reviews to provide a holistic, close to real-time picture of patients' service experience perceptions.

Methods:
This study's survey sample comprised 292 inpatients and 137 outpatients from a Taiwanese hospital. We used partial least squares structural equation modeling to test the hypothetical model and importance-performance map analysis to identify factors that were significant to the service process but performed poorly. Finally, we used a text-mining technique to scrape 536 reviews posted on Google Maps, and Leximancer Portal to perform automated content and sentiment analyses on those data, as a means of mapping the critical concepts and themes that influenced patient experiences.

Results:
This study's analyses support the ideas that both hard and soft qualities are critical dimensions of service quality, and that each has different influences on inpatients' and outpatients' satisfaction and loyalty. Specifically, the sampled inpatients strongly valued the hard qualities of the hospital but were not satisfied with it. On the other hand, soft qualities attracted outpatients' attention and influenced their satisfaction and loyalty. In addition, content analysis revealed that soft qualities were the main reason patients left comments, whether positive or negative. Waiting time emerged as another critical element in triggering patients' unfavorable reviews.

Conclusions:
Patient population type, whether inpatient or outpatient, has been found to impact perceptions of service quality within health care institutions. As such, health care administrators should be cognizant of this phenomenon and make informed and tailored decisions when addressing quality within their respective services. Emphasis on the development of both interpersonal and professional skills among health care personnel may prove beneficial in enhancing the patient experience and ultimately fostering positive online reviews.
The Application of 18F-FES PET in Clinical Cancer Care
Authors: Huang Ya-Ting , Chen Tom Wei-Wu , Chen Li-Yu , Huang Ya-Yao , Lu Yen-Shen 
Published: July 2023

Introduction
[18F]fluoroestradiol (FES) can be used for the noninvasive visualization and quantification of tumor estrogen receptor (ER) expression and activity and was FDA-approved as a diagnostic agent in May 2022 for detecting ER-positive lesions in patients with recurrent or metastatic breast cancer. PET imaging was also used to detect ER-positive lesions and malignancy among patients with uterine, ovarian, and other ER-positive solid tumors. We conducted a systemic review of the studies on FES PET imaging used among patients with cancer not limited to breast cancer to better understand the application of FES PET imaging.

Methods
PubMed/MEDLINE and Cochrane Library databases were used to perform a comprehensive and systematic search and were updated until August 15, 2022. Two authors independently reviewed the titles and abstracts of the retrieved articles by using the search algorithm and selected the articles based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. All statistical analyses were conducted using R statistical software.

Results
Forty-three studies with 2352 patients were included in the qualitative synthesis, and 23 studies with 1388 patients were included in the quantitative analysis, which estimated the FES-positive detection rate. Thirty-two studies (77%) included breast cancer patients in 43 included studies. The FES SUVmean was higher in patients with endometrial cancer (3.4–5.3) than in those with breast cancer (2.05) and uterine sarcoma (1.1–2.6). The pooled detection rates of FES PET imaging were 0.80 for breast and 0.84 for ovarian cancer patients, both similar to that of 18F-FDG. The FES uptake threshold of 1.1 to 1.82 could detect 11.1% to 45% ER heterogeneity, but the threshold of FES uptake did not have consistent predictive ability for prognosis among patients with breast cancer, unlike uterine cancer. However, FES uptake can effectively predict and monitor treatment response, especially endocrine therapy such as estradiol, ER-blocking agents (fulvestrant and tamifoxen), and aromatase inhibitors (such as letrozole and Z-endoxifen).

Conclusions
[18F]fluoroestradiol PET is not only a convenient and accurate diagnostic imaging tool for detecting ER-expressing lesions in patients with breast and ovarian cancer but also among patients with uterine cancer. [18F]fluoroestradiol PET is a noninvasive predictive and monitoring tool for treatment response and prognosis.
68Ga–Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen PET/CT in Imaging of Hemangiopericytoma
Authors: Kunikowska Jolanta , Chrapko Beata E. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Hemangiopericytoma is a mesenchymal neoplasm that derives from pericytes surrounding the capillaries presenting overexpression of PSMA, which can be a source of pitfall in 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT. We reported 2 cases with recurrent hemangiopericytoma grade III with high expression of 68Ga-PSMA-11 in PET/CT. Based on the performed examination, one of them received targeted α-therapy with the IV injection of 225Ac-PSMA-617.
Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma Revealed on 68Ga-DOTATATE in a Patient With Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Authors: Qi Mengfang , Liu Yanlin , Su Minggang , Huang Rui 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
A 56-year-old man underwent a prospective study (ChiCTR2300070081), which is a head-to-head comparison of 18F-FDG and 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/MR in EB-positive nonkeratinizing nasopharyngeal carcinoma after chemotherapy. Bilateral cervical abnormal lymph nodes were both detected by 18F-FDG and 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/MRI, whereas 2 hepatic lesions only were shown on 68Ga-DOTATATE, which subsequent pathologically proved to be primary hepatocellular carcinoma.
Use of 18F-PSMA PET to Distinguish Cerebral Radiation Necrosis From Tumor Recurrence
Authors: Rayamajhi Sampanna Jung , Ponisio Maria Rosana , Siegel Barry 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Brain metastasis in prostate adenocarcinoma is extremely rare and usually arises in the setting of widespread osseous and visceral metastases. Surgical resection and radiation therapy, including stereotactic radiosurgery, are the mainstays of treatment for brain metastasis. Radiation necrosis is a common complication of radiotherapy for brain metastasis, and distinguishing it from tumor recurrence by MRI is difficult because of overlapping findings. We present a 73-year-old man with prostate cancer with a solitary brain metastasis where PET with 18F-piflufolostat helped detect disease recurrence in the setting of ambiguous MRI findings.
Conflict of Interest and Plastic Surgery Journal Editors
Authors: Swanson Eric 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Journals insist that authors disclose their financial conflicts. However, the same standard is rarely imposed on journal editors. Surprisingly, most high-impact medical journals (about 88%) do not publish editor conflicts of interest (COIs).
The Sunshine Act makes it possible to query physician payments from industry. Importantly, some companies are exempted. The leading 5 US-based plastic surgery journals were investigated. Only chief editors and coeditors were included, for a total of 10 editors. The range of payments was US $0 to US $297,000 between 2015 and 2021. The mean payment was $90,890, or $12,984 per year. This amount may be compared with the average industry payments to all plastic surgeons, which is approximately $5000 annually.
Examples of editor COIs are considered. In one case, an article detailing important factual deficiencies in an article defending Allergan macrotextured breast implants was rejected by coeditors that included a coeditor who received payments from Allergan. An article promoting radiofrequency treatments containing previously reported data was accepted by a chief editor with a COI, who was also a coauthor.
Articles claiming improved scarring for a wound adhesive device and numerous benefits for an Allergan implant insertion funnel also found acceptance by conflicted chief editors, despite serious deficiencies.
Editor COIs should be published. Attempts to manage editor COI have not been successful. No data support a dollar limit or expiry date for COIs. Relevance and breadth of COIs are unsolved problems. The ethics of industry payments to physicians are questionable at best. An alternative option is recommended—elimination of COI for journal editors. This remedy would restore editorial integrity and avoid the need for recusals. There is precedence. About half of high-impact medical journal editors have no COIs. Industry subsidies in general should be reconsidered. Abandoning them would be in the best interest of our patients and our specialty.
Unilateral Pendular Nystagmus in Multiple Sclerosis: A Case Series
Authors: Vosoughi Amir R. , Barbosa Natalie Brossard , Micieli Jonathan , Margolin Edward 
Published: July 2023

Background:
Acquired pendular nystagmus is most often seen in patients with demyelinating disease. Although it is often bilateral, rare cases may be monocular. There is paucity of data on the spectrum of clinical presentation, underlying mechanism, and response to treatment in patients with monocular pendular nystagmus.

Methods:
Retrospective case series of patients with monocular pendular nystagmus seen in 2 tertiary neuro-ophthalmology clinics between January 2019 and June 2022. All patients underwent a complete neuro-ophthalmological assessment and MRI.

Results:
We describe 5 patients (3 women) aged 31–49 with monocular pendular nystagmus. All had a diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. Three patients had horizontal and 2 had vertical pendular nystagmus. The Snellen visual acuity in the eye with pendular nystagmus varied from 20/20 to 20/200. Two patients were asymptomatic and 3 suffered visually debilitating oscillopsia. Treatment response was available for 2 patients, both of which responded well to treatment with memantine. The pendular nystagmus was observed in the eye with worse visual acuity in 4 of 5 cases (80%). Three patients had bilateral pontine lesions, and 2 had unilateral pontine lesion ipsilateral to the side of nystagmus.

Conclusions:
Monocular pendular nystagmus in adults is seen most often in patients with multiple sclerosis. Asymmetry in brainstem lesions and afferent visual input may be the culprit. Treatment with memantine may result in significant improvement in symptomatic patients.
An adiposity force induces obesity in humans independently of a normal energy balance system—a thought experiment
Authors: Sørensen Thorkild I. A. 
Published: July 2023

Obesity in humans represents a cumulative retention of a tiny fraction of total energy intake as fat, which is accompanied by growth of the metabolically active, energy-demanding, lean body mass. Since the energy balance regulation operates irrespective of the excess fat storage, availability of the required energy supplies is a permissive condition for obesity development. It occurs predominantly among people genetically predisposed and/or living with social or mental challenges. I propose a theory in which the body responds to social disruptions as threats of a future lack of food by an adiposity force building a reserve of energy independent of the regulation of the energy balance. It is based on the assumption that our evolutionary development required collaboration in gathering and sharing of food, combined with precautionary measures against anticipated failing food supplies. Social challenges are perceived as such threats, which activate the adiposity force through the brain to instigate the growth of fat and lean mass by neuro-hormonal signalling. If both perceived social threats and food abundance continue, the adiposity force pushes the fat accretion process to continue without inhibition by feedback signals from the fat mass, eventually leading to more obesity, and more so among the genetically predisposed.
This article is part of a discussion meeting issue ‘Causes of obesity: theories, conjectures and evidence (Part I)’.
Reflections on the Teaching Symposium at the Microbiology Society Annual Conference 2023
Authors: Lacey Melissa M , Jones Kirsty L , Gostić Monika , Easton Victoria , Efthimiou Georgios , Kelly Bridget G , Graham Alison I 
Published: July 2023

The Microbiology Society Education and Outreach Network (EON) recently hosted the Teaching Symposium at the Microbiology Society Annual Conference, sponsored by Access Microbiology. The presence of the Symposium as an established parallel session within the wider Annual Conference reflects the importance of high-quality, contemporary microbiology education and outreach delivered in an enthusiastic and inclusive manner. At the 2023 Symposium, a variety of pedagogical research projects in higher education learning, teaching and assessment, as well as public engagement projects, were showcased through flash talks, offered talks, invited talks and posters. The event was attended by up to 70 delegates who actively engaged with all presentations. Several themes were noted throughout the day: engaging with GenZ, active learning, art in science, and engaging with non-HE audiences. Inclusivity was a key driver in the organisation of the Symposium; the room was set up to encourage discussion and participants could ask questions using an online platform as well as speaking in the room. We now encourage all speakers to consider publishing their work as a peer-reviewed article for further dissemination and impact.
Atheroma plaque microenvironment stimulates kynurenine production by macrophages to induce endothelial adhesion molecules in the context of atherogenesis
Authors: Van Dongen Kevin , Leleu Damien , Pilot Thomas , Jalil Antoine , Mangin Léa , Ménégaut Louise , Geissler Audrey , Ivanov Stoyan , Laubriet Aline , Crespy Valentin , Nguyen Maxime , Steinmetz Eric , Masson David , Thomas Charles , Gautier Thomas 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis, are major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Here, we investigate the role of the kynurenine pathway (KP) in macrophages in the context of atheroma plaque microenvironment and its impact on atherogenesis. Using an in vitro model of primary human macrophages, we observed that exposure to plaque homogenates induces a marked increase in the early steps of the KP which impacts on kynurenine production. This was confirmed by immunostaining on human plaque of carotid arteries. Further investigation into the underlying molecular mechanisms revealed that LXR signaling contributes to this plaque microenvironment-induced KP activation. We showed that kynurenine released from macrophages affected endothelial cells, leading to increased expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in an AhR-dependent manner. Consistently with the proatherogenic effects, in a cohort of atherosclerotic patients, we observed higher levels of plasma kynurenine in patients with lower extremity arterial disease. In line with the results of in vitro investigations, the plasma kynurenine levels were associated plaque oxysterol content. Using a multiple logistic regression model, we showed that plasma kynurenine was independently associated with lower extremity arterial disease in atherosclerotic patients. Altogether, our data indicate that the activation of KP in macrophages in the context of atheroma plaque is partially mediated by LXR axis and leads to the release of kynurenine. This, in turn, contributes to the exacerbation of both local and peripheral atherosclerosis particularly through the activation of endothelial cells.
Antiemetic effect of pregabalin in breast reconstruction surgery in patients after bariatric surgery: Prospective, randomized, double-blind study
Authors: Fernandes Rafael Reis , Salgado-Filho Marcello Fonseca , Graziosi Guilherme Bracco , da Silva André Luiz Viana Nery , Távora Flávio Augusto Amaral Fernandes , de Azevedo Caio Pontes , da Silva Alice Ramos Oliveira , Verçosa Nubia , Cavalcanti Ismar Lima 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntroductionPostoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a common complication after general anesthesia. Pregabalin may reduce its incidence. The objective of this study was to evaluate the adjuvant antiemetic effect of pregabalin in the first 24 hours after surgery in patients undergoing breast reconstruction after bariatric surgery.Materials and MethodsThis prospective, randomized, double-blind study had 52 female patients aged between 18 and 64 years with physical status 1-2 of the American Society of Anesthesiologists who underwent breast reconstruction after bariatric surgery. The patients were divided into two groups. Patients in the control group received placebo, and those in the pregabalin group received 75 mg of pregabalin 2 hours before surgery and 75 mg 12 hours later. All patients received 4 mg dexamethasone and 4 mg ondansetron. The incidence of PONV was evaluated in the immediate postoperative period and 6 hours, 12 hours, and 24 hours later. The need for rescue doses of antiemetics and adverse events in the first 24 hours were recorded.ResultsThe groups were homogeneous in clinical and treatment variables. There was no significant difference in the incidence of PONV over time in the control group (P = 0.71/no occurrence) or in the pregabalin group (P = 0.11/P = 0.26). There was no significant difference in the need for rescue antiemetic dose (P = 0.40) or in the incidence of adverse events (P = 0.51) between groups.ConclusionThe administration of pregabalin in the first 24 hours after surgery did not significantly reduce PONV in patients undergoing breast reconstruction after bariatric surgery.
The Political Division toward COVID-19, Vaccines, Contact Tracing Apps, and A Future Pandemic Scenario in the United States: A Survey Result from A National Representative Sample
Authors: Hao Haijing , Smith Garrett , Chen Yunan , Mondal Mainack , Loh Po-Shen , Smith Staci , Page Xinru 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo investigate the attitudes and behaviors of Americans concerning the COVID-19 pandemic, COVID-19 vaccines, COVID-19 tracing apps, and the actions they believe the government should take during a public health crisis, we designed and conducted a survey during the ongoing COVID-19 emergency.MethodsIn January 2022, we administered an online survey on Prolific Academic to 302 participants in the United States, a nationally demographic representative sample. To explore differences in attitudes and opinions among demographic subgroups, we employed several statistical tests, including Mann Whitney U tests, Kruskal-Wallis tests, and chi-squared tests.ResultsOur survey results suggest that Americans’ opinions towards the COVID-19 pandemic are severely divided by their political views. There is strong partisan polarization in almost every COVID-19 related question in our survey.Policy ImplicationsOur findings suggest that policy makers need to consider partisan polarization and the enormous impact it can have on people’s attitudes and behaviors during public health emergencies such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Public health experts need to consider how to convey scientific knowledge about a pandemic without allowing political views to dominate medical conversation.
NEURAL RESPONSE TO THREAT AND REWARD AMONG YOUNG ADULTS AT RISK FOR ALCOHOL USE DISORDER
Authors: Kirk-Provencher Katelyn T. , Hakimi Rosa H. , Andereas Keinada , Penner Anne E. , Gowin Joshua L. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAlcohol use disorder is 50% heritable; those with positive family histories represent an at-risk group within which we can test anticipation of threat and reward prior to development of harmful alcohol use. We examined neural correlates of the interaction between family history, threat anticipation (unpredictable threat), and monetary reward anticipation, in a sample of healthy young adults with (n=31) and without (n=44) family histories of harmful alcohol use. We used a modified Monetary Incentive Delay task with sustained threat of hearing a scream during fMRI. We examined the interaction between family history group, anticipation of threat, and anticipation of reward in the insula, nucleus accumbens, and medial prefrontal cortex. Family history positive individuals showed less activation in the left insula during both safe and threat blocks compared to family history negative individuals (p=0.005), but the groups did not differ as a function of unpredictable threat (p>0.70). We found an interaction (p=0.048) between cue and group in the right nucleus accumbens where the family history positive group showed less differentiation to the anticipation of gaining $5 and losing $5 relative to gaining $0. The family history positive group also reported less excitement for trials to gain $5 relative to gaining $0 (p<0.001). Prior to chronic heavy alcohol use, individuals with, relative to without, enriched risk may have diminished reward processing via both neural and behavioral markers to potential rewarding and negative consequences. Neural response to unpredictable threat may not be a contributing factor to risk at this stage.