bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Comprehensive Review Resistant Starch‐Containing Bread as a Functional Food: Its Effect on Appetite, Glycemic Index, and Glycemic Response
Authors: Tekin Tuba , Fisunoglu Mehmet 
Published: April 2023

AbstractResistant starch (RS) passes through the small intestine undigested and is fermented in the large intestine. Due to this feature, RS functions as a prebiotic and, RS is added to various foods as a functional fiber. RS for traditional fiber has various advantages, such as increased viscosity, gel form, and volume increase. In terms of these advantages, RS, which is commercially produced, is used in the food industry for bread, breakfast cereals, cooked products, and pasta products. Bread is a food that is frequently consumed in human nutrition. Although bread is a frequent food, the fiber content of the bread is low and the glycemic index (GI) of the bread is high. For this reason, bread‐RS is used to convert the bread into a healthier version. Adding RS to bread increases the bread's fiber content and decreases the GI of the bread. RS reduces not only the GI of foods but also the glycemic response of individuals after consumption. RS, which can be fermented in the colon, is converted into short‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs) because of fermentation. RS affects glucose and insulin levels through the production of SCFA, which increases glucose uptake in the muscles and liver, releases intestinal hormones, and increases insulin sensitivity. The addition of RS to bread results in a product with a high fiber content and a low GI.
Normal bacterial flora of the oral cavity in healthy pet rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)
Authors: Flenghi Lucas , Mazouffre Maeva , Le Loc'h Aurélie , Le Loc'h Guillaume , Bulliot Christophe 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundRabbits often suffer from dental disease, including dental abscesses and periodontal/apical infections. With odontogenic infection and abscessation, a bacterial aetiology can be proven by bacterial culture and identification. Although studies exist on the bacterial flora of dental abscesses, the information available to date on the bacterial flora of the oral cavity in healthy rabbits is limited.ObjectivesThis study aims to evaluate the cultivable bacterial flora in the oral cavity of healthy, young, pet rabbits and to compare this flora with the pathologic flora of odontogenic abscesses described in the literature.MethodsSamples were collected from the oral cavity of 33 healthy, young pet rabbits undergoing routine procedures. Oral cavity culture specimens were collected by rolling a sterile flocked paediatric swab in the mouth. Identification was first attempted by morphological assessment, Gram staining and mass spectrometry (MALDI‐TOF). Colonies that could not be identified by mass spectrometry were identified by amplification and molecular sequencing of a part of the 16s rRNA gene.ResultsBacteria were recovered from 100% of oral swabs; 220 isolates of 35 different genera of bacteria were cultured. The most frequently isolated bacteria were Streptococcus sp. (19.8%), Rothia sp. (17.9%), Enterobacter sp. (7%), Staphylococcus sp. (6.6%) and Actinomyces sp. (5.7%). Four phyla are represented: Proteobacteria (38.3%), Firmicutes (30.5%), Actinobacteria (26.9%) and Bacteroidota (4.3%).ConclusionsA wide range of commensal bacteria are present in the mouths of rabbits. Bacterial cultures taken from cases of dental abscesses often reveal bacteria. Streptococcus sp., Staphylococcus sp. and Actinomyces sp. are frequently found in cultures from dental abscesses, in contrast to Rothia and Enterobacter species. Our findings enhance the knowledge of rabbit microbial communities throughout oral cavity.
Transforming Vision: The Pastoral, the Georgic, and Evolutionary Thought in Booker T. Washington
Authors: Klestil Matthias 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis chapter proposes an alternative ecocritical angle on two of Booker T. Washington’s autobiographies,Up from Slavery(1901) andWorking with the Hands(1904), to show how this writer’s post-Emancipation vision rests on revised forms of environmental knowledge and how this knowledge interacts with contemporary evolutionary thought. Washington transforms the strategic pastoral of the fugitive slave narrative and introduces, especially inWorking with the Hands, an African American georgic that seeks to root black life and culture in dignified and communal forms of labor. Washington’s pastoral and georgic environmental knowledge thereby becomes both part of his own evolutionism and a means of criticizing racist ideas of U.S. evolutionary thought.
On History-Deterministic One-Counter Nets
Authors: Prakash Aditya , Thejaswini K. S. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe consider the model of history-deterministic one-counter nets (OCNs). History-determinism is a property of transition systems that allows for a limited kind of non-determinism which can be resolved ‘on-the-fly’. Token games, which have been used to characterise history-determinism over various models, also characterise history-determinism over OCNs. By reducing 1-token games to simulation games, we are able to show that checking for history-determinism of OCNs is decidable. Moreover, we prove that this problem is$$\textbf{PSPACE}$$PSPACE-complete for a unary encoding of transitions, and$$\textbf{EXPSPACE}$$EXPSPACE-complete for a binary encoding and undecidable for one-counter automata (OCA), which are OCNs that can test for zeroes.We then study the language properties of history-deterministic OCNs. We show that the resolvers of non-determinism for history-deterministic OCNs are eventually periodic. As a consequence, for a given history-deterministic OCN, we construct a language equivalent deterministic OCA. We also show the decidability of comparing languages of history-deterministic OCNs, such as language inclusion and language universality.
Model and Program Repair via Group Actions
Authors: Attie Paul C. , Cocke William L. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractGiven a textual representation of a finite-state concurrent program$$P$$P, one can construct the corresponding Kripke structure$$\mathcal {M}$$M. However, the size of$$\mathcal {M}$$Mcan be exponentially larger than the textual size of$$P$$P. This state explosion can make model checking properties of$$P$$Pvia$$\mathcal {M}$$Mexpensive or even infeasible. The action of a symmetry group$$G$$Gon$$\mathcal {M}$$Mcan be used to produce a smaller Kripke structure$$\overline{\mathcal {M}}$$M¯. Various authors have exploited the direct correspondence between$$\mathcal {M}$$Mand$$\overline{\mathcal {M}}$$M¯to perform model checking. When the structure$$\mathcal {M}$$Mdoes not satisfy a formula, one can look for a substructure that will satisfy the formula. We call thissubstructure-repair: identifying a substructure$$\mathcal {N}$$Nof$$\mathcal {M}$$Mthat satisfies a given temporal logic formula.In this paper we extend previous work by showing that repairs of$$\overline{\mathcal {M}}$$M¯lift to repairs of$$\mathcal {M}$$M. In other words, we can repair a computer program$$P$$P, which exhibits a high degree of symmetry, by repairing the smaller Kripke structure$$\overline{\mathcal {M}}$$M¯and then symmetrizing the corresponding program. To do this we arrange the substructures of$$\mathcal {M}$$Mand$$\overline{\mathcal {M}}$$M¯into substructure lattices that are ordered by substructure inclusion. We show that the substructures of$$\mathcal {M}$$Mpreserved by$$G$$Gform a (sub)lattice that maps to the substructure lattice of$$\overline{\mathcal {M}}$$M¯. When restricted to the lattice of substructures of$$\mathcal {M}$$Mthat are “maximal” with the action of$$G$$Gon$$\mathcal {M}$$M, the above map is a lattice isomorphism.These results enable us to repair$$\overline{\mathcal {M}}$$M¯and then to lift the repair to$$\mathcal {M}$$M. In cases where a program has a high degree of symmetry, such as in many concurrent programs, we can repair the program by repairing the small Kripke structure$$\overline{\mathcal {M}}$$M¯.
On the Existential Arithmetics with Addition and Bitwise Minimum
Authors: Starchak Mikhail R. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis paper presents a similar approach for existential first-order characterizations of the languages recognizable by finite automata, by Parikh automata, and by multi-counter machines over the alphabet $$\left\{ 0,1,...,k-1\right\} ^{n}$$

0
,
1
,
.
.
.
,
k
-
1

n

for some $$k\ge 2$$

k
≥
2

. The set of k-FA-recognizable relations coincides with the set of relations, which are existentially definable in the structure
"Image missing"
, where
"Image missing"
corresponds to the bitwise minimum of base k. In order to obtain an existential first-order description of k-Parikh automata languages, we extend this structure with the predicate $$ EqNZB _{k}(x,y)$$

E
q
N
Z

B
k

(
x
,
y
)

which is true if and only if x and y have the same number of non-zero bits in k-ary encoding. Using essentially the same ideas, we encode computations of k-multi-counter machines and thus show that every recursively enumerable relation over the natural numbers is existentially definable in the aforementioned structure supplemented with concatenation $$z=x\smallfrown _{k} y\rightleftharpoons z = x + k^{l_{k}(x)}y$$

z
=
x

⌢
k

y
⇌
z
=
x
+

k

l
k

(
x
)

y

, where $$l_{k}(x)$$

l
k

(
x
)

is the bit-length of x in base k. This result gives us another proof of DPR-theorem.
BeoNet-Halle – Aufbau einer multifunktionalen Datenbank zur automatisierten Extraktion von Versorgungsdaten aus Haus- und Facharztpraxen
Authors: Moser Konstantin , Mikolajczyk Rafael , Bauer Alexander , Tiller Daniel , Christoph Jan , Purschke Oliver , Lückmann Sara Lena , Frese Thomas 
Published: April 2023

ZusammenfassungDas Beobachtungspraxennetzwerk Halle (BeoNet-Halle) ist eine innovative Datenbank der ambulanten Versorgung, die seit 2020 deutschlandweit Versorgungsdaten von teilnehmenden Haus- und Facharztpraxen sammelt und für die Forschung und Versorgung zur Verfügung stellt. Aufgebaut und betreut wird die Datenbank vom Institut für Medizinische Epidemiologie, Biometrie und Informatik und vom Institut für Allgemeinmedizin der Medizinischen Fakultät der Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg. Weiterhin ist das Datenintegrationszentrum der Universitätsmedizin Halle an dem Projekt beteiligt. In die Datenbank sollen grundsätzlich anonymisierte und pseudonymisierte patientenbezogene Daten aus allen marktüblichen Praxisverwaltungssystemen einfließen. In diesem Artikel beschreiben wir den Aufbau und die Methoden der multifunktional nutzbaren Datenbank BeoNet und beziffern den aktuellen Datenbestand. Die Arbeitsabläufe von der Einholung, Übermittlung und Speicherung von breiten Einwilligungen (Broad Consent) werden dargestellt und Vorteile und Limitationen der Datenbank werden erörtert.BeoNet-Halle enthält aktuell anonymisierte Datensätze von 73.043 Patienten aus 5 Arztpraxen. Es wurden 2.653.437 nach ICD-10 kodierte Diagnosen und 1.403.726 Verordnungen sowie 1.894.074 Laborergebnisse erfasst. Pseudonymisierte Daten von 481 Patienten wurden erfolgreich exportiert.Das BeoNet-Halle ermöglicht eine nahezu lückenlose Darstellung des Versorgungsgeschehens in den teilnehmenden Praxen. Die Datenbank soll zukünftig praxisübergreifende Behandlungspfade der Patienten abbilden und qualitativ hochwertige Versorgungsdaten liefern, um zur gesundheitspolitischen Entscheidungsfindung und zur Optimierung von Versorgungsprozessen beitragen zu können.
AI ethics as subordinated innovation network
Authors: Steinhoff James 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAI ethics is proposed, by the Big Tech companies which lead AI research and development, as the cure for diverse social problems posed by the commercialization of data-intensive technologies. It aims to reconcile capitalist AI production with ethics. However, AI ethics is itself now the subject of wide criticism; most notably, it is accused of being no more than “ethics washing” a cynical means of dissimulation for Big Tech, while it continues its business operations unchanged. This paper aims to critically assess, and go beyond the ethics washing thesis. I argue that AI ethics is indeed ethics washing, but not only that. It has a more significant economic function for Big Tech. To make this argument I draw on the theory of intellectual monopoly capital. I argue that ethics washing is better understood as a subordinated innovation network: a dispersed network of contributors beyond Big Tech’s formal employment whose research is indirectly planned by Big Tech, which also appropriates its results. These results are not intended to render AI more ethical, but rather to advance the business processes of data-intensive capital. Because the parameters of AI ethics are indirectly set in advance by Big tech, the ostensible goal that AI ethics sets for itself—to resolve the contradiction between business and ethics—is in fact insoluble. I demonstrate this via an analysis of the latest trend in AI ethics: the operationalization of ethical principles.
Particle-based approach to the Eulerian distortion field and its dynamics
Authors: Hütter Markus , Pavelka Michal 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe Eulerian distortion field is an essential ingredient for the continuum modeling of finite elastic and inelastic deformations of materials; however, its relation to finer levels of description has not yet been established. This paper provides a definition of the Eulerian distortion field in terms of the arrangement of the constituent microscopic particles, which is beneficial for fundamental studies as well as for the analysis of computer simulations, e.g., molecular dynamics simulations. Using coarse graining and nonequilibrium thermodynamics, the dynamics of the Eulerian distortion field is examined in detail and related to the underlying dynamics of the particles. First, the usual kinematics of the distortion and the known expression for the Cauchy stress tensor are recovered. And second, it is found that the Mandel stress and the plastic deformation-rate tensor in the natural configuration constitute the relevant force–flux pair for the relaxation of the distortion. Finally, the procedure is illustrated on two examples, namely on an amorphous solid and on a crystalline solid with one slip system.
PAReTT: A Python Package for the Automated Retrieval and Management of Divergence Time Data from the TimeTree Resource for Downstream Analyses
Authors: Le Clercq Louis-Stéphane , Kotzé Antoinette , Grobler J. Paul , Dalton Desiré Lee 
Published: April 2023

AbstractEvolutionary processes happen gradually over time and are, thus, considered time dependent. In addition, several evolutionary processes are either adaptations to local habitats or changing habitats, otherwise restricted thereby. Since evolutionary processes driving speciation take place within the landscape of environmental and temporal bounds, several published studies have aimed at providing accurate, fossil-calibrated, estimates of the divergence times of both extant and extinct species. Correct calibration is critical towards attributing evolutionary adaptations and speciation both to the time and paleogeography that contributed to it. Data from more than 4000 studies and nearly 1,50,000 species are available from a central TimeTree resource and provide opportunities of retrieving divergence times, evolutionary timelines, and time trees in various formats for most vertebrates. These data greatly enhance the ability of researchers to investigate evolution. However, there is limited functionality when studying lists of species that require batch retrieval. To overcome this, a PYTHON package termed Python-Automated Retrieval of TimeTree data (PAReTT) was created to facilitate a biologist-friendly interaction with the TimeTree resource. Here, we illustrate the use of the package through three examples that includes the use of timeline data, time tree data, and divergence time data. Furthermore, PAReTT was previously used in a meta-analysis of candidate genes to illustrate the relationship between divergence times and candidate genes of migration. The PAReTT package is available for download from GitHub or as a pre-compiled Windows executable, with extensive documentation on the package available on GitHub wiki pages regarding dependencies, installation, and implementation of the various functions.
Early Postoperative Results after Thymectomy for Thymic Cancer: A Single‐Institution Experience
Authors: Petroncini Matteo , Solli Piergiorgio , Brandolini Jury , Lai Giulia , Antonacci Filippo , Garelli Elena , Kawamukai Kenji , Forti Parri Sergio Nicola , Bonfanti Barbara , Dolci Giampiero , Bertoglio Pietro 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundSurgery for thymic cancers is considered the key of curative treatment. Preoperative patients’ characteristics and intraoperative features might influence postoperative outcome. We aim to verify short‐term outcomes and possible risk factors for complications after thymectomy.MethodsWe retrospectively investigated patients undergoing surgery for thymoma or thymic carcinoma in the period between January 1, 2008, and December 31, 2021, in our department. Preoperative features, surgical technique (open, bilateral VATS, RATS), intraoperative characteristics and incidence of postoperative complications (PC) were analyzed.ResultsWe included in the study 138 patients. Open surgery was performed in 76 patients (55.1%), in 36 VATS (26.1%) and in 26 RATS (36.1%). Resection of one or more adjacent organs due to neoplastic infiltration was required in 25 patients. PC appeared in 25 patients (52% Clavien–Dindo grade I, 12% grade IVa). Open surgery had a higher incidence of PC (p < 0.001), longer postoperative in‐hospital stay (p = 0.045) and larger neoplasm (p = 0.006). PC were significant related to pulmonary resection (p = 0.006), phrenic nerve resection (p = 0.029), resection of more than one organ (p = 0.009) and open surgery (p = 0.001), but only extended surgery of more organs was confirmed as independent prognostic factor for PC (p = 0.0013). Patients with preoperative myasthenia symptoms have a trend toward stage IVa complications (p = 0.065). No differences were observed between outcomes of VATS and RATS.ConclusionsExtended resections are related to a higher incidence of PC, while VATS and RATS guarantee a lower incidence of PC and shorter postoperative stay even in patients that require extended resections. Symptomatic myasthenia patients might have a higher risk toward more severe complications.
Major iatrogenic bile duct injury during elective cholecystectomy: a Czech population register-based study
Authors: Klos Dušan , Gregořík Michal , Pavlík Tomáš , Loveček Martin , Tesaříková Jana , Skalický Pavel 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Purpose
Bile duct injury (BDI) remains the most serious complication following cholecystectomy. However, the actual incidence of BDI in the Czech Republic remains unknown. Hence, we aimed to identify the incidence of major BDI requiring operative reconstruction after elective cholecystectomy in our region despite the prevailing modern 4 K Ultra HD laparoscopy and Critical View of Safety (CVS) standards implemented in daily surgical practice among the Czech population.

Methods
In the absence of a specific registry for BDI, we analysed data from The Czech National Patient Register of Reimbursed Healthcare Services, where all procedures are mandatorily recorded. We investigated 76,345 patients who were enrolled for at least a year and underwent elective cholecystectomy during the period from 2018–2021. In this cohort, we examined the incidence of major BDI following the reconstruction of the biliary tract and other complications.

Results
A total of 76,345 elective cholecystectomies were performed during the study period, and 186 major BDIs were registered (0.24%). Most elective cholecystectomies were performed laparoscopically (84.7%), with the remaining open (15.3%). The incidence of BDI was higher in the open surgery group (150 BDI/11700 cases/1.28%) than in laparoscopic cholecystectomy (36 BDI/64645 cases/0.06%). Furthermore, the total hospital stays with BDI after reconstruction was 13.6 days. However, the majority of laparoscopic elective cholecystectomies (57,914, 89.6%) were safe and standard procedures with no complications.

Conclusion
Our study corroborates the findings of previous nationwide studies. Therefore, though laparoscopic cholecystectomy is reliable, the risks of BDI cannot be eliminated.
Longitudinal changes in serum adropin levels and liver fat content during liraglutide treatment in newly diagnosed patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease
Authors: Zhang Lin , Wu Xiaojuan , Li Xinyue , Chang Xiaona , Ding Xiaoyu , Wang Qiu , Jiang Tao , Wang Guang , Liu Jia 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Aims
To explore the effect of liraglutide treatment on serum adropin and its relationship to the liver fat content in newly diagnosed patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD).

Methods
Serum adropin level and liver fat content were assessed in patients with T2DM and MAFLD (n = 22), along with healthy controls (n = 22). Afterward, the patients received liraglutide treatment for 12 weeks. Serum adropin levels were examined by a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Liver fat content was quantified via magnetic resonance imaging-estimated proton density fat fraction (MRI-PDFF).

Results
We found that patients with newly diagnosed T2DM and MAFLD had lower serum adropin levels [2.79 ± 0.47 vs. 3.27 ± 0.79 ng/mL, P < 0.05] and higher liver fat content [19.12 ± 9.46 vs. 4.67 ± 0.61%, P < 0.001], compared to healthy controls.
Following 12-week liraglutide treatment, serum adropin levels increased from 2.83(2.44, 3.24) to 3.65(3.20, 3.85) ng/mL (P < 0.001), and liver fat content decreased from 18.04(11.08, 27.65) to 7.74(6.42, 13.49) % (P < 0.001) in patients with T2DM and MAFLD. Furthermore, increases in serum adropin were strongly associated with decreases in liver fat content (β = − 5.933, P < 0.001), liver enzyme and glucolipid metabolism parameters.

Conclusion
The increase in serum adropin level following liraglutide treatment was strongly correlated with the reduction in liver fat content and glucolipid metabolism. Hence, adropin might be a potential marker for the beneficial effects of liraglutide on treating T2DM and MAFLD.
Queckenstedt’s test repurposed for the quantitative assessment of the cerebrospinal fluid pulsatility curve
Authors: Kheram Najmeh , Boraschi Andrea , Pfender Nikolai , Spiegelberg Andreas , Kurtcuoglu Vartan , Curt Armin , Schubert Martin , Zipser Carl Moritz 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Purpose

Before the era of spinal imaging, presence of a spinal canal block was tested through gross changes in cerebrospinal fluid pressure (CSFP) provoked by manual compression of the jugular veins (referred to as Queckenstedt's test; QT). Beyond these provoked gross changes, cardiac-driven CSFP peak-to-valley amplitudes (CSFPp) can be recorded during CSFP registration. This is the first study to assess whether the QT can be repurposed to derive descriptors of the CSF pulsatility curve, focusing on feasibility and repeatability.

Method

Lumbar puncture was performed in lateral recumbent position in fourteen elderly patients (59.7±9.3 years, 6F) (NCT02170155) without stenosis of the spinal canal. CSFP was recorded during resting state and QT. A surrogate for the relative pulse pressure coefficient was computed from repeated QTs (i.e., RPPC-Q).

Results

Resting state mean CSFP was 12.3 mmHg (IQR 3.2) and CSFPp was 1.0 mmHg (0.5). Mean CSFP rise during QT was 12.5 mmHg (7.3). CSFPp showed an average 3-fold increase at peak QT compared to the resting state. Median RPPC-Q was 0.18 (0.04). There was no systematic error in the computed metrics between the first and second QT.

Conclusion

This technical note describes a method to reliably derive, beyond gross CSFP increments, metrics related to cardiac-driven amplitudes during QT (i.e., RPPC-Q). A study comparing these metrics as obtained by established procedures (i.e., infusion testing) and by QT is warranted.