bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatial and temporal variability of corn response to nitrogen and seed rates
Authors: Alesso Carlos Agustin , Martin Nicolas Federico 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe quantification of the spatial and temporal variability of crop response to controllable inputs and the relationship with their controlling factors is important for making input prescriptions. In this study, we (1) assessed the within‐field spatial variability of corn (Zea mays L.) response to nitrogen (NR) and seed (SR) rates using on‐farm precision experiments (OFPE) data and geographically weighted regression (GWR) models; (2) determined the spatial agreement between NR and SR response classes, and their temporal stability; and (3) modeled the effect of weather and site‐specific features on the spatial distribution of the responses. Response maps were estimated by fitting GWR models to yields and as‐applied NR and SR from 14 OFPE. Responses classified into positive and non‐positive response classes were spatially joined to weather, soil, and landscape covariates to train a random forest model. GWR models explained 30%–60% of yield variation. Positive responses to NR and SR represented about 46% and 33% of fields’ area, respectively, with large variation across field‐year combinations. Temporal agreement was about 50%–60%, for NR and SR, respectively. The spatial agreement between NR and SR response classes suggests that factors controlling the crop response to these inputs are similar. In both cases, weather variables were the most important predictors, followed by landscape and soil attributes. Although weather variables acted at a field level, that is, field‐year, the latter reflected the effect of within‐field variability on crop response. To reduce this weather uncertainty, future research should consider conducting larger numbers of OFPE across multiple seasons.
Validating SoilDoc kit for site‐specific fertilizer recommendations for maize production in Tanzania
Authors: Amuri Nyambilila A. , Semoka Johnson M. R. , Weil Ray , Mzimbiri Mhamadi , Gatere Lydia , Palm Cheryl , Sanchez Pedro 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSoilDoc is a soil testing kit designed to determine site‐specific fertility status and enhance the accessibility of soil test services for smallholder farmers in the tropics. This study aimed to validate the use of the kit in the Southern Highlands (Mbeya and Njombe) and the Eastern Zone (Mvomero) of Tanzania. Composite soil samples collected from 144 smallholder farm fields were analyzed using 0.01 M CaCl2 extraction solution as per SoilDoc protocols. Out of 144 sites, 24 sites were randomly selected for nutrient response trials. The treatments were (i) absolute control, (ii) N alone, (iii) P Low N (Recommended P and half of recommended N), (iv) recommended NP, (v) NPK, (vi) NPS, (vii) NKS, and (viii) NPKS, replicated three times. Maize yields were subjected to analysis of variance. Relative yield for each nutrient applied was subjected to Cate and Nelson procedure to determine critical ranges. Across all sites, the control yielded least (0.55–5.20 Mg ha−1). Application of NPS, NPK, NP, or NPKS produced the highest yield (2.5–6.9 Mg ha−1). The SoilDoc critical ranges were 0.30–0.48 mg P kg−1; 0.15–0.27 cmolc K kg−1, and 4.1–4.8 mg S kg−1. Mbeya and Njombe soils appeared deficient in either NS, NP, NPK, or NPK, while in Mvomero 53% of soils were deficient in N alone and 31% of soils were deficient in NS. In the absence of field‐specific soil tests, applying N, P, S, and K in Mbeya and Njombe and N and S in Mvomero would be best bets for maximizing yield and return on fertilizer investment.
Manipulating Spin‐Dependent Wavefronts of Vortex Beams via Plasmonic Metasurfaces
Authors: He Canhui , Pan Zimo , Song Zhengyong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractConventional metasurfaces based on geometric phase are constrained to spin‐locked phase profile, resulting in mirrored functionalities for different spins. A single flat device that enables independent manipulation of wavefronts in two orthogonal circularly polarized channels is of paramount importance in wireless and optical communications. In this work, by tuning the dimension and rotation angle of H‐shaped meta‐atoms to synthesize propagating phase and geometric phase, spin‐dependent plasmonic metasurfaces are presented to manipulate circularly polarized waves in the visible band. To verify the capability of spin‐dependent wavefront manipulation, three metasurfaces are implemented. The first metasurface generates vortex beams with orbital angular momentum (OAM) l = 1 under left‐handed circularly polarized (LCP) incidence and l = 2 under right‐handed circularly polarized (RCP) incidence. By introducing convolution operation, the second metasurface is capable of producing vortex beams with different OAMs and different directions for two spins. The third metasurface produces dual‐beam and quad‐beam with different OAMs for different circular polarizations. This scheme can provide a new pathway in ultracompact nanophotonic devices and systems.
A Straightforward Method for the Generation of Hyperpolarized Orthohydrogen with a Partially Negative Line
Authors: Czarnota Marek , Mames Adam , Pietrzak Mariusz , Jopa Sylwia , Theiß Franziska , Buntkowsky Gerd , Ratajczyk Tomasz 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe hydrogen molecule, which exists in two spin isomers (ortho‐ and parahydrogen), is a highly studied system due to its fundamental properties and practical applications. Parahydrogen is used for Nuclear Magnetic Resonance signal enhancement, which is hyperpolarization of other molecules, including biorelevant ones. Hyperpolarization can be achieved by using Signal Amplification by Reversible Exchange (SABRE). SABRE can also convert parahydrogen into orthohydrogen, and surprisingly, in some cases, it has been discovered that orthohydrogen's resonance has the Partially Negative Line (PNL) pattern. Here, an approach for obtaining orthohydrogen with a PNL signal is presented for two catalysts: Ir−IMes, and Ir−IMesBn. The type of solvent in which SABRE is conducted is crucial for the observation of PNL. Specifically, a PNL signal can be easily generated in benzene using both catalysts, but it is more intense for Ir−IMesBn. In acetone, PNL is observed only for Ir−IMesBn. In methanol, no PNL is detected. The PNL effect is only detectable during the initial steps of pre‐catalyst activation, and disappears as the activation process progresses. We have proposed a working hypothesis that explains our results. The presented data may facilitate the further investigation of PNL and its applications in material science and catalysis.
Organic Polymer Dots Photocatalyze CO2 Reduction in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Cai Bin , Axelsson Martin , Zhan Shaoqi , Pavliuk Mariia V. , Wang Sicong , Li Jingguo , Tian Haining 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDeveloping low‐cost and efficient photocatalysts to convert CO2 into valuable fuels is desirable to realize a carbon‐neutral society. In this work, we report that polymer dots (Pdots) of poly[(9,9′‐dioctylfluorenyl‐2,7‐diyl)‐co‐(1,4‐benzo‐thiadiazole)] (PFBT), without adding any extra co‐catalyst, can photocatalyze reduction of CO2 into CO in aqueous solution, rendering a CO production rate of 57 μmol g−1 h−1 with a detectable selectivity of up to 100 %. After 5 cycles of CO2 re‐purging experiments, no distinct decline in CO amount and reaction rate was observed, indicating the promising photocatalytic stability of PFBT Pdots in the photocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction. A mechanistic study reveals that photoexcited PFBT Pdots are reduced by sacrificial donor first, then the reduced PFBT Pdots can bind CO2 and reduce it into CO via their intrinsic active sites. This work highlights the application of organic Pdots for CO2 reduction in aqueous solution, which therefore provides a strategy to develop highly efficient and environmentally friendly nanoparticulate photocatalysts for CO2 reduction.
The role of dexmedetomidine in post cranioplasty refractory status epilepticus
Authors: Chauhan R. , Singh N. , Reddy A. , Singh A. 
Published: September 2023

SummaryCranioplasty, specifically a repair of the skull defect resulting from a previous decompressive craniectomy, is a relatively simple procedure associated with a minimal rate of complications. Even though seizures are seen in up to 30% of the patients postoperatively, status epilepticus is not commonly described. Cerebral oedema, ischaemia and neuro‐inflammation have been reported as putative causes of seizures in this population. Here, we report a case of refractory status epilepticus unresponsive to standard anti‐epileptic and anaesthetic agents. The use of dexmedetomidine helped terminate the episode and led to a favourable outcome. Most of the standard anti‐epileptic and anaesthetic agents act through potentiation of GABAergic transmission or sodium channel blockade and postsynaptic adrenoceptor activation by dexmedetomidine may help potentiate their effect. Further studies are needed to investigate its anticonvulsant effect on post‐traumatic brain injury and elaborate on optimal dosage.
Efficient hydrolysis of cellulose to reducing sugars over peanut shell‐derived carbon‐based solid acid with a large surface area
Authors: Li Wensong , Guo Liang , Li Fang , Wang Zhimiao , Xue Wei , Wang Yanji , Zhao Xinqiang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA carbon‐based solid acid with a large surface area (CSALA; SBET = 237.9 m2/g) was prepared from peanut shells. Compared with a CSA with a small specific surface area (SBET = 5.6 m2/g), the CSALA enabled greater cellulose hydrolysis. Under optimized conditions, the yield of reducing sugars over 2.5 h at 110°C was 60.5% using the CSALA. When a CSA was used, the yield of reducing sugar only reached 58.6% after 4 h at the same temperature. The results showed that the CSALA had higher activity because of its larger specific surface area and more numerous surface acid centers. However, it was unstable and was deactivated after one use. The loss of some of the sulfonic groups on the CSALA surface, and the conversion of some of those groups to sulfate groups under the action of 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium chloride ionic liquid were the main reasons for the deactivation of the CSALA. In addition, most of the residual sulfonic groups were located in the micropores of CSALA and could not participate in the cellulose hydrolysis reaction.
Enhanced mechanical and dielectric properties of lamellar aluminum phosphate/bismaleimide composites by interface modification with maleimidopropyl triethoxysilane
Authors: Niu Yongan , Zhao Shanhong , Ma Yahui , Wang Jian , Zhang Xin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this work, the two‐step modification process is designed to improve the dispersity and interfacial interaction of lamellar aluminum phosphate (LAP) nanoparticles (NPs). The LAP NPs are successfully modified by maleimidopropyl triethoxysilane (MPTES). LAP/blend bismaleimide (BBMI) composites were prepared by mechanical blending process. Among them, the flexural strength of the modified LAP/BBMI composites were significantly enhanced with more than 148.2 MPa, the characteristic heat resistance temperature (T40) was improved by 11.7°C, and the carbon residue rate (Y600) also increased by 8.8%. Specifically, the dielectric constant of the modified LAP/BBMI composites only display a slight enhancement, but the dielectric loss is reduced to lower than 0.015. The results are helpful to potentially apply in the fields of electromagnetic and wave transparent materials.
A Randomized Controlled Neuroimaging Trial of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Fibromyalgia Pain
Authors: Lee Jeungchan , Lazaridou Asimina , Paschali Myrella , Loggia Marco L. , Berry Michael P. , Ellingsen Dan‐Mikael , Isenburg Kylie , Anzolin Alessandra , Grahl Arvina , Wasan Ajay D. , Napadow Vitaly , Edwards Robert R. 
Published: September 2023

ObjectiveFibromyalgia (FM) is characterized by pervasive pain‐related symptomatology and high levels of negative affect. Mind–body treatments such as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) appear to foster improvement in FM via reductions in pain‐related catastrophizing, a set of negative, pain‐amplifying cognitive and emotional processes. However, the neural underpinnings of CBT's catastrophizing‐reducing effects remain uncertain. This randomized controlled mechanistic trial was designed to assess CBT's effects on pain catastrophizing and its underlying brain circuitry.MethodsOf 114 enrolled participants, 98 underwent a baseline neuroimaging assessment and were randomized to 8 weeks of individual CBT or a matched FM education control (EDU) condition.ResultsCompared with EDU, CBT produced larger decreases in pain catastrophizing post treatment (P < 0.05) and larger reductions in pain interference and symptom impact. Decreases in pain catastrophizing played a significant role in mediating those functional improvements in the CBT group. At baseline, brain functional connectivity between the ventral posterior cingulate cortex (vPCC), a key node of the default mode network (DMN), and somatomotor and salience network regions was increased during catastrophizing thoughts. Following CBT, vPCC connectivity to somatomotor and salience network areas was reduced.ConclusionOur results suggest clinically important and CBT‐specific associations between somatosensory/motor‐ and salience‐processing brain regions and the DMN in chronic pain. These patterns of connectivity may contribute to individual differences (and treatment‐related changes) in somatic self‐awareness. CBT appears to provide clinical benefits at least partially by reducing pain‐related catastrophizing and producing adaptive alterations in DMN functional connectivity.
Forecasting system's accuracy: A framework for the comparison of different structures
Authors: Silveira Netto Carla Freitas , Brei Vinicius A. , Hyndman Rob J. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractOne of the most challenging aspects for managers when building a forecasting system is choosing how to aggregate the data at different levels. This is frequently done without the manager knowing how these choices can compromise the system's accuracy. This article illustrates these compromises by comparing different structures and aggregation criteria. Our article proposes and empirically tests a framework on how to build a coherent and more accurate forecasting system. The framework's first phase compares different time series forecasting methods, including statistical, “standard” machine learning, and deep learning. Results show that one of the statistical methods (autoregressive integrated moving average, or, for short, ARIMA) outperforms machine and deep learning methods. The second phase compares different combinations of aggregation criteria, structures of the forecasting system, and coherent forecast methods (i.e., adjustments to the forecasts at different levels of aggregation). The results show that using different criteria and structures indeed impacts predictions' accuracy. When it is necessary to disaggregate the forecast, our results show that it is best to add more information in a grouped structure, adjusted by a bottom‐up method. This combination provides the best performance, that is, the lowest mean absolute‐scaled error (MASE) in most nodes, compared to the other structures and coherent forecast methods used. The results also suggest that aggregating the time series further by geographical regions is essential to improve accuracy when forecasting products' and channels' sales.
AdVance™ male sling for stress urinary incontinence: Long‐term follow‐up and patient satisfaction
Authors: Boe Rebecca Therese , Nilsen Ole Jacob , Holm Henriette Veiby 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate long‐term effects, complications and satisfaction among patients treated with AdVance™ and AdVance™ XP slings (AS) at a Norwegian specialist care hospital.Materials and MethodsPatients who had an AS implanted due to stress urinary incontinence (SUI) 2009–2016 were identified retrospectively. Demographic and perioperative data were extracted from electronic patient files. We did a patient‐reported outcome measure (PROM) survey with the Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite (EPIC‐26) urinary domain and a Satisfaction Questionnaire (SQ) 2018–2020. Cure was defined as use of ≤1 pad/day.ResultsThe AS was implanted in 165 patients, mainly due to mild to moderate SUI (median leakage 112 g, range 13–589 g/24 h). Preoperative urodynamics showed mild detrusor overactivity (DO) in 11 patients. At 6‐week follow‐up, 148 patients (90%) were cured. The most common complication was urinary retention (N = 38), transient in 32 patients (range 1–42 days). Two patients were later operated with division of the sling due to persistent retention. During clinical follow‐up of up to 12 years, 27 patients were reoperated due to persistent/recurrent incontinence. The PROM survey was sent to 125 patients and 115 (92%) replied at median 73 (20–134) months postoperatively. Ninety‐one (79%) used ≤1 pads/day, 97 (85%) were satisfied, one patient‐reported pain. Regression analyses showed that failure (>1 pad/day) was significantly associated with a higher amount of leakage preoperatively and at the 6‐week follow‐up. Total cure rate in the complete cohort was 64% at median 73 (20–134) months follow‐up.ConclusionsThe AS shows good and persistent long‐term results in patients with mild to moderate SUI. The only identified risk factor for long‐term failure was higher amount of leakage preoperatively. The incidence of high body mass index (BMI), DO and previous radiotherapy was low and not significantly associated with failure but is still considered risk factors.
Poor sleep quality and stress differentially predict delay discounting for food, but not money, in college students
Authors: Law Olivia , Rasmussen Erin B. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractEarly college is a time when eating habits change and subsequent weight gain may occur. Moreover, college students report higher stress levels and poorer sleep quality while enrolled in courses. This study investigated the extent to which stress and sleep quality in college students may be related to delay discounting (DD) for food—a psychological process in which immediate outcomes are preferred over larger, more delayed outcomes. College students (N = 297) completed the Food Choice Questionnaire (FCQ) and the Monetary Choice Questionnaire (MCQ)—measures of food and monetary DD, respectively. The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and measures of subjective hunger, substance use, and demographic variables were also administered. Perceived stress was related to poor sleep quality, alcohol use, substance use, and vaping. Analyses revealed that, when controlling for subjective hunger, perceived stress and poor sleep quality contributed unique variance to food DD, though in opposing directions. Perceived stress uniquely predicted preferences for immediate food, a phenomenon consistent with stress‐induced urgent eating. Poor sleep quality uniquely predicted preferences for larger amounts of delayed food, a pattern consistent with eating later in the day. Stress and sleep quality, when controlling for substance use variables, were unrelated to monetary discounting. Stress and poor sleep quality, then, predict independent and opposing discounting processes in college students that are food‐specific, as opposed to more general cross‐commodity processes.
Vitomics: A novel paradigm for examining the role of vitamins in human biology
Authors: Lucock Mark D. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe conventional view of vitamins reflects a diverse group of small molecules that facilitate critical aspects of metabolism and prevent potentially fatal deficiency syndromes. However, vitamins also contribute to the shaping and maintenance of the human phenome over lifecycle and evolutionary timescales, enabling a degree of phenotypic plasticity that operates to allow adaptive responses that are appropriate to key periods of sensitivity (i.e., epigenetic response during prenatal development within the lifecycle or as an evolved response to environmental challenge over a great many lifecycles). Individually, vitamins are important, but their effect is often based on nutrient‐nutrient (vitamin‐vitamin), nutrient‐gene (vitamin‐gene), and gene‐gene interactions, and the environmental influence of shifting geophysical cycles, as well as evolving cultural practices. These ideas will be explored within what I refer to as the “adaptive vitome (vitomics)” paradigm.
Validated HPLC‐UV method for amphotericin B quantification in a critical patient receiving AmBisome and treated with extracorporeal replacement therapies
Authors: Ezquer‐Garin Carlos , Aguilar Gerardo , Ferriols‐Lisart Rafael , Alos‐Almiñana Manuel 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAmphotericin B (AMB) is a polyene macrolide antifungal agent used for treating invasive fungal infections. Liposomal AMB is a lipid dosage form, available as AmBisome, which reduces the toxicity of the drug. A simple HPLC‐UV method was developed for the determination of AMB in plasma to study its pharmacokinetic profile in a critical patient receiving AmBisome and treated with extracorporeal replacement therapies. Sample preparation was performed using plasma deproteinization and drug release from liposome by the addition of acetonitrile (ACN)/zinc sulfate and ultrasonication. Chromatographic separation was performed using a C18 column and a mobile phase consisting of phosphate buffer (pH 3.0)/ACN (65/35, v/v). The UV detector was set at 407 nm. The total run time analysis was 23 min. The method was validated according to the standard guidelines and applied to study the pharmacokinetics of AMB in a critical patient. The total run time analysis obtained was shorter than that of the previously reported methods, being useful for therapeutic drug monitoring or pharmacokinetic profile research.
Advances in sensor developments for cell culture monitoring
Authors: Kim Ka Ram , Yeo Woon‐Hong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCell culture encompasses procedures for extracting cells from their natural tissue and cultivating them under controlled artificial conditions. During this process, various factors, including cell physiological/morphological properties, culture environments, metabolites, and contaminants, have to be precisely controlled and monitored for the survival of cells and the pursuit of the desired properties of the cells. This review summarizes recent advances in sensor technologies and manufacturing strategies for various cell culture platforms using traditional plastics, microfluidic chips, and scalable bioreactors. We share the details of newly developed biological sensors, chemical sensors, optical sensors, electronic chip technologies, and material integration methods. The precise control of parameters based on the feedback by these sensors and electronics enhances cell culture quality and throughput.