bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of Preexisting Triple Fusion and Arthroscopic Ankle Arthrodesis nonunion
Authors: Woods Alex , Kendal Adrian , Henari Shwan , Rogers Mark , Brown Rick , Sharp Robert , Loizou Constantinos L. 
Published: May 2023

Background: Arthroscopic ankle arthrodesis (AAA) is a successful treatment for end-stage ankle arthritis. A significant early complication of AAA is symptomatic nonunion. Published nonunion rates range from 8% to 13%. Longer term, there is concern that it predisposes to subtalar joint (STJ) fusion. To better understand these risks, we undertook a retrospective investigation of primary AAA. Methods: All adult AAA cases conducted at our institution over a 10-year period were reviewed. A total of 284 eligible AAA cases in 271 patients were analyzed. The primary outcome measure was radiographic union. Secondary outcome measures included reoperative rate, postoperative complications and subsequent STJ fusion. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify nonunion risk factors. Results: The overall nonunion rate was 7.7%. Smoking (odds ratio [OR] 4.76 [1.67, 13.6], P = .004) and previous triple fusion (OR 40.29 [9.46, 171.62], P < .001) were independent risk factors on univariate analysis. Only prior triple fusion persisted as a major risk factor associated with nonunion on multivariate analysis (OR 18.3 [3.4, 99.7], P < .001). Seventy percent of patients with a previous triple fusion went on to develop nonunion compared to 5.5% of those without. Increasing age, obesity, surgical grade, diabetes, postoperative weightbearing plan, steroid use, and inflammatory arthropathy were not significant risk factors. The leading cause of reoperation was hardware removal (18%). There were 5 superficial (1.8%) and 4 deep (1.4%) infections. Eleven (4.2%) required subsequent STJ fusion. The “survivorship” of STJ post AAA was 98%, 85%, and 74% at 2, 5, and 9 years, respectively. Conclusion: As the largest study of AAA in the literature, our findings suggest prior triple fusion is a major independent risk factor for AAA nonunion. These patients should be counseled of this high risk and may benefit from alternative surgical options. Level of Evidence: Level III, retrospective cohort study.
Vibration analysis of shaft-cylindrical roller-bearing-pedestal system considering damage by Runge–Kutta algorithm
Authors: Li Fanjie , Li Xiaopeng , Wang Haozhe , Shang Dongyang , Ma Hui 
Published: May 2023

The raceway damage of the bearing restricts the operation stability of the system. Therefore, in the case of damage, simulating vibration response and predicting the performance of the shaft-cylindrical roller-bearing-pedestal system have high research value. According to the structural characteristics and the force transfer relationship, a dynamic model of the shaft-cylindrical roller-bearing-pedestal system is established in this paper. Then, the vibration response of the system is simulated by Runge–Kutta algorithm and measured by experiment. Finally, the effects of load and speed, damage size, and radial clearance on the dynamic performance are investigated. The simulation and measurement results indicate that the load F and the speed N can promote the enhancement of the vibration acceleration signal. As the damage length continues to increase, the ring in the Poincaré map begins to break, and the system transits from quasi-periodic to chaotic motion. The vibration signal is more affected by the damage size than by the damage location. When the radial clearance increases from 5 × 10−6 m to 15 × 10−6 m, the PTP value increases from 23.83 m·s−2 to 61.36 m·s−2.
Motivated Categories: Social Structures Shape the Construction of Social Categories Through Attentional Mechanisms
Authors: Allidina Suraiya , Cunningham William A. 
Published: May 2023

Social categorization is often framed as the antecedent to stereotyping, with perceivers rationally sorting the social world on the basis of perceptually salient categories before applying biased or motivated beliefs about those categories. Here, we instead suggest that the construction of social categories by individuals is itself subject to motivational influences, such that perceivers will attend to a given dimension of social categorization (e.g., race or gender) insofar as doing so fits within their motivations. Drawing from classic conceptualizations of social structure as the interplay of schemas and resources, we focus on how the motivations for shared schemas and for material benefits or resources may shape attention to social category dimensions. We outline the potential cognitive mechanisms through which these motivations may act on attention, before discussing the implications of this model for individual differences, conceptualizations of social categorization as rational information reduction, and prejudice reduction. Public Abstract Social categories like race and gender often give rise to stereotypes and prejudice, and a great deal of research has focused on how motivations influence these biased beliefs. Here, we focus on potential biases in how these categories are even formed in the first place, suggesting that motivations can influence the very categories people use to group others. We propose that motivations to share schemas with other people and to gain resources shape people’s attention to dimensions like race, gender, and age in different contexts. Specifically, people will pay attention to dimensions to the degree that the conclusions produced from using those dimensions align with their motivations. Overall, we suggest that simply examining the downstream effects of social categorization like stereotyping and prejudice is not enough, and that research should look earlier in the process at how and when we form the categories on which those stereotypes are based.
Biomechanical evaluation of three fixation methods in a feline transverse patella fracture model
Authors: Lee Min-Yeong , Ahn Tae-Hwan , Son Sung-Il , Kim Hwi-Yool 
Published: May 2023

Objectives This study aimed to compare the biomechanical properties of three stabilisation techniques in feline patella transverse fractures and select the strongest method with potentially minimal complications. Methods Patella fracture was simulated in 27 feline cadaveric pelvic limbs (mean weight of the cadavers 3.78 kg), and the limbs were randomly grouped to be stabilised with one of the three stabilisation methods. The modified tension band wiring technique with a single Kirschner wire (0.9 mm) and figure-of-eight wiring (20 G) was applied to group 1 (n = 9). Group 2 (n = 9) was stabilised with a combination of circumferential and figure-of-eight wiring techniques with orthopaedic wire (20 G). Group 3 (n = 9) was stabilised with the same technique as group 2, but with #2 FiberWire. The knee joints were positioned and fixed in the neutral standing angle (135°) and tested by applying tensile force. The loads at gap formations of 1, 2 and 3 mm were recorded, and the maximum failure load was measured in each group. Results In all the loads at displacement (1, 2 and 3 mm), group 3 was significantly stronger than groups 1 and 2, respectively ( P <0.017). Group 3 (261.0 ± 52.8 N) showed significantly stronger fixation in the maximum load compared with group 1 (172.9 ± 45.6 N) ( P <0.017). No significant difference was observed between groups 1 and 2 (204.9 ± 68.4 N) or between groups 2 and 3. Conclusions and relevance This study shows that the combination of circumferential and figure-of-eight techniques with FiberWire is more resistant to displacement than metal wire in this ex vivo feline patella fracture model.
Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion in the Environmental Health Workforce: Mapping the Literature and Moving Toward Liberation
Authors: Jadotte Yuri , Levy Carly , Tallon Lindsay A. , Phillips Lynelle , Caron Rosemary 
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Diversity, equity, and inclusion, also known as DEI, is an essential topic being discussed across society. The field of environmental health (EH) should certainly not be excluded from the conversation. Objective: The purpose of this mini-review was to map the literature and identify gaps on the topic of DEI in the EH workforce. Methods: A rapid scoping review was conducted using standard synthesis science methods to search and map the published literature. All study titles, abstracts, and full texts were screened by 2 independent reviewers among the authorship team. Results: The search strategy yielded 179 English language papers. Of those, 37 met all inclusion criteria after full text screening. Overall, the majority of the articles had weak or moderate DEI engagement and only 3 articles had strong DEI engagement. Discussion: There is a significant need for additional research in this realm. Future studies should explicitly focus on workforce issues, and attempt to achieve the highest level of the evidence possible for this field. Conclusion: Although DEI initiatives are a step in the right direction, the current evidence suggests that inclusivity and liberation may prove to be more impactful and meaningful constructs to fully advance equity in the EH workforce.
Twenty years of monitoring acute stroke care in Australia through the national stroke audit programme (1999–2019): A cross-sectional study
Authors: Purvis Tara , Cadilhac Dominique A , Hill Kelvin , Reyneke Megan , Olaiya Muideen T , Dalli Lachlan L , Kim Joosup , Murphy Lisa , Campbell Bruce CV , Kilkenny Monique F 
Published: May 2023

Background National organisational surveys and clinical audits to monitor and guide improvements to the delivery of evidence-based acute stroke care have been undertaken in Australia since 1999. This study aimed to determine the association between repeated national audit cycles on stroke service provision and care delivery from 1999 to 2019. Methods Cross-sectional study using data from organisational surveys (1999, 2004, 2007–2019) and clinical data from the biennial National Stroke Acute Audit (2007–2019). Age-, sex-, and stroke severity-adjusted proportions were reported for adherence to guideline-recommended care processes. Multivariable, logistic regression models were performed to determine the association between repeated audit cycles and service provision (organisational) and care delivery (clinical). Results Overall, 197 hospitals provided organisational survey data (1999–2019), with 24,996 clinical cases from 136 hospitals (around 40 cases per audit) (2007–2019). We found significant improvements in service organisation between 1999 and 2019 for access to stroke units (1999: 42%, 2019: 81%), thrombolysis services (1999: 6%, 2019: 85%), and rapid assessment/management for patients with transient ischaemic attack (1999: 11%, 2019: 61%). Analyses of patient-level audits for 2007 to 2019 found the odds of receiving care processes per audit cycle to have significantly increased for thrombolysis (2007: 3%, 2019: 11%; OR 1.15, 95% CI 1.13, 1.17), stroke unit access (2007: 52%, 2019: 69%; OR 1.15, 95% CI 1.14, 1.17), risk factor advice (2007: 40%, 2019: 63%; OR 1.10, 95% CI 1.09, 1.12), and carer training (2007: 24%, 2019: 51%; OR 1.12, 95% CI 1.10, 1.15). Conclusions Between 1999 and 2019, the quality of acute stroke care in Australia has improved in line with best practice evidence. Standardised monitoring of stroke care can inform targeted efforts to reduce identified gaps in best practice, and illustrate the evolution of the health system for stroke.
Associations between social activities and depressive symptoms in adolescents and young adults with autism spectrum disorder: Testing the indirect effects of loneliness
Authors: Adams Ryan E , Lampinen Linnea , Zheng Shuting , Sullivan Virgina , Taylor Julie Lounds , Bishop Somer L 
Published: May 2023

To better understand the associations between social activities and depressive symptoms in adolescents and young adults with autism spectrum disorder, this study utilized interpersonal theories of depression by accounting for both frequency of various social activities and perceptions of how well their time spent in these activities meet their needs and testing the indirect effects of loneliness in this association. To test these ideas, 321 participants who were recruited from the Simons Foundation Powering Autism Research for Knowledge (SPARK) research match registry and completed online measures of social activities, depressive symptoms, and loneliness. While the specific pattern was different for individual activities, it was found that those who felt that their current frequency of activities did not meet their needs had higher rates of depressive symptoms than those who felt they did meet their needs and that loneliness help to understand the indirect effects of the association between social activities and depressive symptoms. Overall, the findings suggest that how individuals feel about the time they are spending in social activities, such as with friends and in general social activities, could impact outcomes such as depression and loneliness. Lay Abstract Previous studies have found that social activities and depressive symptoms in adolescents and young adults with autism spectrum disorder are related. To better understand the relationship between these issues, this study examined the frequency of various types of social activities as well as if the participants felt that the frequency of time spent in the activity met their personal needs. In addition, the role of loneliness was tested as a possible way to understand the relationship between activities and depressive symptoms. To test these ideas, 321 participants who were recruited from the Simons Foundation Powering Autism Research for Knowledge (SPARK) research match registry and completed online measures of social activities, depressive symptoms, and loneliness. While the specific pattern was different for individual activities, it was found that those who felt that their current frequency of activities did not meet their needs had higher rates of depressive symptoms than those who felt they did meet their needs. Also, loneliness helps to understand relationship between social activities and depressive symptoms. The findings were discussed in light of previous study findings, interpersonal theories of depression, and clinical implications.
Factors affecting pediatric nurses’ development of partnerships with parents of hospitalized children: An evaluation based on the stress-coping adaptation model
Authors: Cho In Young , Hong So Hyoung , Yun Ji Yeong 
Published: May 2023

We aimed to identify factors affecting pediatric nurses’ perceptions of their development of partnerships with parents of hospitalized children based on Lazarus and Folkman’s stress-coping adaptation model. This cross-sectional study included 209 pediatric nurses with over 1 year of clinical experience in South Korea. Data were collected using online-based self-report questionnaires containing items on nurses’ perceived partnerships with parents, job stress, positive psychological capital, nursing professionalism, and a coping scale. Positive psychological capital, job stress, coping, hospital type, and unit type were significant factors in a hierarchical regression analysis using perceived partnership as a dependent variable. This study supports an efficient intervention program to improve pediatric nurses’ partnership competency. Strategies to reduce pediatric nurses’ job stress and improve their coping abilities and positive psychological capital will enhance their partnerships with parents of hospitalized children.
Effects of Tuina Combined With Moxibustion on Breast Cancer-Related Lymphedema: A Randomized Cross-Over Controlled Trial
Authors: Wang Chunhui , Liu Heng , Shen Jing , Hao Yanfang , Zhao Le , Fan Yingyi , Pei Xiaohua 
Published: May 2023

The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of Tuina combined with moxibustion on relieving breast cancer–related lymphedema (BCRL). A randomized cross-over controlled trial was conducted at our institution. All patients with BCRL were assigned to 2 groups: Group A and Group B. In the first period (weeks 1-4), tuina and moxibustion were performed in Group A and pneumatic circulation and compression garment in Group B. The washout period took place from weeks 5 to 6. In the second period (weeks 7-10), pneumatic circulation and compression garment were performed in Group A, and tuina and moxibustion in Group B. Therapeutic efficacy was evaluated by measuring the affected arm volume, circumference, and Visual Analog Scale for swelling. Regarding the results, a total of 40 patients were included, and 5 cases were dropped. After treatment, both the traditional Chinses medicine (TCM) treatment and complete decongestive therapy (CDT) was found to reduce the volume of the affected arm ( P < .05). At the endpoint (visit 3), compared with CDT, the effect of the TCM treatment was more evident than that of CDT ( P < .05). After the TCM treatment, the arm circumference at the elbow crease and proximal 10 cm to elbow crease was reduced, which was statistically different from that before treatment ( P < .05). Post-CDT treatment, the arm circumference at proximal 10 cm to wrist crease and the elbow crease and proximal 10 cm to elbow crease decreased, which was statistically different from that before treatment ( P < .05). At the endpoint (visit 3), the arm circumference at proximal 10 cm to elbow crease of the patients treated with TCM was less than that of CDT ( P < .05). Moreover, the VAS scores for swelling were better after compared with before TCM treatment and CDT ( P < .05). At the endpoint (visit 3), the subjective relief of swelling by TCM treatment was greater than CDT ( P < .05). Ultimately, tuina combined with moxibustion can alleviate BCRL symptoms, which is primarily reflected in reducing the affected arm volume and circumference and relieving swelling. Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (Registration Number ChiCTR1800016498).
Triplication and tetraplication of the thumb: a modification of the Rotterdam classification
Authors: Zhong Wenyao , Sun Liying , Zhao Junhui , Guo Yang , Huang Zhifeng , Tian Wen 
Published: May 2023

We proposed a modification of the Rotterdam classification for thumb triplication and tetraplication. Twenty-one patients were included (24 cases of thumb triplication and four cases of tetraplication). These were analysed and classified according to a modification of the Rotterdam classification involving three steps; from the radial to ulnar side, we first identified each thumb on radiographs and gross appearance to divide into triplication or tetraplication. Second, we define the levels of duplication and established the nomenclature. Third, the aberrant features and their location were assigned for each thumb, again from radial to ulnar side. A surgical algorithm was also proposed. This modified classification may be helpful for characterizing the rare conditions of thumb triplication and tetraplication for use in patient and management and communication between surgeons. Level of evidence: III
Comparison between internal jugular vein access using midline catheter and peripheral intravenous access during cardiopulmonary resuscitation in adults
Authors: Chai Hyun Seok , Kim Young-Min , Park Gwan Jin , Kim Sang Chul , Kim Hoon , Lee Seok Woo , Park Hyeon Jeong , Lee Ji Han 
Published: May 2023

Objectives: Vascular access is an important procedure for drug administration during the resuscitation of a patient with cardiac arrest; however, it can be challenging under emergent conditions. This study aimed to investigate the efficiency of ultrasound-guided internal jugular venous access using a midline catheter versus peripheral intravenous access during cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Methods: This was a prospective single-center observational study among patients who received cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The primary outcomes were the success rate of first attempt and the time taken for vascular access via the internal jugular and peripheral veins. We also measured the diameter of the internal jugular and peripheral veins at the access point and the distance from the access point to the heart. Results: In all, 20 patients were included in the study. Internal jugular and peripheral venous access had a first-attempt success rate of 85% and 65%, respectively ( p = 0.152). The time to access the internal jugular and peripheral veins was 46.4 ± 40.5 s and 28.8 ± 14.7 s, respectively ( p = 0.081). The diameter of the internal jugular and peripheral veins was 10.8 ± 2.6 mm and 2.8 ± 0.8 mm, respectively ( p < 0.001). The distance from the vascular access point to the heart was 20.3 ± 4.7 cm and 48.8 ± 13.1 cm for the internal jugular and peripheral veins, respectively ( p < 0.001). Conclusions: There was a trend toward higher success rates in the internal jugular vein rather than the peripheral intravenous approach, which was not statistically significant.
Predictive Validity of the Whole Child Assessment in a Generally Healthy Pediatric Cohort
Authors: Patel Nehaly S. , Watkins Heather , Marie-Mitchell Ariane 
Published: May 2023

Background: Adverse childhood experience (ACE) exposure is associated with increased risk of poor health outcomes. Several tools to identify ACEs during pediatric practice exist, but few include all 10 ACEs from the original ACE study and none have established predictive validity. Objectives: Assess predictive validity of the ACE score reported during routine pediatric practice using the Whole Child Assessment (WCA). Methods: This retrospective cohort study included children ages 3 to 8 years presenting for well-child care at a low-income resident clinic between May 25, 2016 and March 31, 2018, and ages 5 to 8 years presenting for well-child care at a private insurance clinic between November 1, 2017 and March 31, 2018. Patients with chronic health problems were excluded to prevent confounding by preexisting health problems. The charts of children with 0 to 1 ACEs (lower risk) and 2+ ACEs (higher risk) at baseline were reviewed to collect data on health and psychosocial outcomes at follow-up from diagnoses documented in the medical record and parent-reported outcomes on the WCA. Logistic regression models adjusted for age, gender, and clinic were used to analyze differences in outcomes. We hypothesized that children in the higher risk group at baseline would have more health and psychosocial problems at follow-up. Results: The initial cohort (n = 907) had 669 children with 0 to 1 ACEs and 238 children with 2+ ACEs. At follow-up (mean 718 days, range 329-1155 days), children in the higher risk group had statistically significantly higher rates of ADHD/ADD, school failure/learning problem, and other behavioral/mental problems. Parents of these children also reported on the WCA higher rates of children being nervous or afraid, feeling sad or unhappy, having trouble paying attention or staying still, getting angry or into fights, bullying, poor sleep, and healthcare utilization. There were no statistically significant differences in various physical health concerns measured. Conclusion: This study supports the predictive validity of the WCA to identify subpopulations at risk of developing poor mental health and social-emotional outcomes. While more research is needed to facilitate translation into pediatric practice, these results highlight the strong influence of ACEs on mental health outcomes.