bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Regulation of immune-recognition molecules following delivery of plasmid backbone
Authors: Shi Guilan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Local intratumor delivery with electroporation of low levels of plasmids encoding molecules, such as IL-12, IL-15, induces an antitumor effect without causing systemic toxicity. However, previous studies have predominately focused on the function of the delivered molecule encoded within the plasmid, and ignored the plasmid backbone. In this study, we found backbones pUMVC3 and pVax1 induced up-regulation of MHC class I (MHC-I), PD-L1, CD95 (Fas) and CD155 on tumor cell surface. These molecules participate in a considerable number of immunoregulatory functions through their interactions with activating and inhibitory immune cell receptors. MHC molecules are well-known for their role in antigen (cross-) presentation, thereby functioning as key players in the communication between immune cells and tumor cells. Increased PD-L1 expression on tumor cells is an important monitor of tumor growth and effectiveness of immune inhibitor therapy. During cancer progression CD95 is frequently downregulated, raising the possibility that loss of CD95 is part of a mechanism for tumor evasion. Due to its prominent endogenous and immune functions, CD155 has been gaining interest as a therapeutic target in the field of tumor immunology. Results from flow cytometry confirmed increased expression of MHC-I and PDL-1 on B16F10, 4T1 and KPC tumor cell lines. Preliminary animal data from tumor-bearing models, B16F10 melanoma, 4T1 breast cancer and KPC pancreatic cancer mouse models showed that tumor growth was attenuated after pUMVC3 intratumoral electroporation. Our data also documented pSTAT1-NF-κB signaling pathway might be associated with plasmid backbones’ function of up-regulating MHC-I, PD-L1, CD95 (Fas) and CD155 on tumor cells.
R01 CA186730
Profiling cGAS-STING pathway in T-Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Rocha Maria Theresa Araújo Balby , Tomchuck Suzanne , Askew David , Marti Luciana , Huang Alex 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common pediatric malignancy, accounting for over one-quarter of all childhood malignancies. Approximately 15% of ALL derive from the T-cell lineage (T-ALL). Patients with newly diagnosed T-ALL undergo intensive multidrug combination chemotherapy resulting in many side effects. Despite chemotherapy regimens including steroids, and allogeneic transplantation, relapse remains the main challenge in children with T-ALL. Moreover, genetic alterations have been extensively examined in recent years; however, there are still currently few prognostic markers for therapy response. Therefore, alternative treatments are needed to treat this disease and improve overall survival.
The cyclic GMP-AMP synthase - Stimulator of Interferon Genes (cGAS-STING) pathway has emerged as a possible target in treatment of cancers, aiming to increase anti-tumor immunity. Most clinical trials to-date have focused on STING agonists used for solid tumors. Interestingly, the high activation of this pathway in normal T cells can lead to ER stress and cell death via the activation of the BH3-family. The status of cGAS-STING pathway in T-ALL is largely unknown. We hypothesize that the cGAS-STING pathway is defective in T-ALL, thus protecting these malignant cells from apoptosis, and that increasing cGAS-STING activity may be a way of enhancing the treatment of this disease. Our preliminary data shows that some T-ALL cell lines do not produce IFN-β after stimulation to STING agonist. Also, some of these cell lines have a decreased cGAS expression, and have a decreased rate of apoptosis compared to healthy T-cells. Our project will hopefully lay the foundation for future targeted immunotherapies for treating T-ALL.
Center for Pediatric Immunotherapy at Rainbow
Antigen-Specific CD4 T Cell and B Cell Responses to Borrelia burgdorferi
Authors: Hammond Elizabeth M , Olsen Kimberly J , Ram Shivneel , Tran Giang Vu Vi , Hall Laura S , Bradley John E , Lund Frances E , Samuels D Scott , Baumgarth Nicole 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Long-lived T-dependent B cell responses fail to develop during persistent infection of mice with Borrelia burgdorferi, the causative agent of Lyme disease, raising questions about the induction and/or functionality of anti–B. burgdorferi adaptive immune responses. Yet, a lack of reagents has limited investigations into B. burgdorferi–specific T and B cells. We attempted two approaches to track B. burgdorferi–induced CD4 T cells. First, a B. burgdorferi mutant was generated with an influenza hemagglutinin (HA) peptide, HA111–119, inserted into the B. burgdorferi arthritis-related protein (Arp) locus. Although this B. burgdorferi arp::HA strain remained infectious, peptide-specific TCR transgenic CD4 T cells in vitro, or adoptively transferred into B. burgdorferi arp::HA–infected BALB/c mice, did not clonally expand above those of recipients infected with the parental B. burgdorferi strain or a B. burgdorferi mutant containing an irrelevant peptide. Some expansion, however, occurred in B. burgdorferi arp::HA–infected BALB/c SCID mice. Second, a (to our knowledge) newly identified I-Ab–restricted CD4 T cell epitope, Arp152–166, was used to generate Arp MHC class II tetramers. Flow cytometry showed small numbers of Arp-specific CD4 T cells emerging in mice infected with B. burgdorferi but not with Arp-deficient Borrelia afzelii. Although up to 30% of Arp-specific CD4 T cells were ICOS+PD-1+CXCR5+BCL6+ T follicular helper cells, their numbers declined after day 12, before germinal centers (GCs) are prominent. Although some Arp-specific B cells, identified using fluorochrome-labeled rArp proteins, had the phenotype of GC B cells, their frequencies did not correlate with anti-Arp serum IgG. The data suggest a failure not in the induction, but in the maintenance of GC T follicular helper and/or B cells to B. burgdorferi.
Clinico-Epidemiological Study of Papulosquamous Disorders in Childhood at a Tertiary Care Hospital in South India
Authors: Gurudev Shradha , Pise Gajanan , Manohar Naveen , Sanagoudar Vinitha , Rao Kiran , Patil Malteshgauda N 
Published: August 2023

Introduction:
Papulosquamous disorders in children differ from those in adults in terms of presentations, treatments, and prognosis. The aim of this study was to add to the existing data regarding the presentation of pediatric papulosquamous disorders and analyze the metabolic parameters in children with psoriasis.

Materials and Methods:
This observational study included 83 patients (age, 0–18 years) with clinically diagnosed papulosquamous disorders. Demographic data and detailed clinical history were collected followed by a detailed clinical examination. In children with psoriasis, we assessed the parameters of metabolic health, such as anthropometry and blood chemistry. The outcomes are expressed as percentages and proportions.

Results:
Papulosquamous disorders constituted 2.3% of all the pediatric dermatoses with a male-to-female ratio of 1.7:1. They were commonly noted in the age group of 7–12 years. Psoriasis vulgaris (26.5%) was the most common disease followed by lichen planus (19.2%), seborrheic dermatitis (16.8%), pityriasis rosea (13.2%), lichen striatus (12%), lichen nitidus (7.2%), pityriasis lichenoides chronica (3.6%), and pityriasis rubra pilaris (1.20%). None of the 22 patients with psoriasis fulfilled the criteria for metabolic syndrome. However, aberrant serum levels included elevated fasting glucose (n = 5, 22.7%), elevated fasting triglycerides (n = 3, 13.6%), and decreased high-density lipoproteins (n = 2, 9.1%). Anthropometric abnormalities were also not noted.

Conclusions:
Understanding the morphological and epidemiological features of pediatric papulosquamous disorders can aid in early diagnosis, treatment, and counseling the patients and parents, which can alleviate their anxiety and improve the psychological distress.
Comparison of the Efficacy of Intralesional Measles, Mumps, and Rubella Vaccine with Intralesional Vitamin D3 for the Treatment of Extragenital Warts in Pediatric Age Group (5–18 Years)
Authors: Ahmed Jafir , Kushwaha Ramesh Kumar , Sharma Avinash , Agarwal Morish , Sharma Neha , Jain Suresh Kumar 
Published: August 2023

Introduction:
Warts are benign skin growths caused by human papillomavirus. Traditional methods of treatment usually include destructive modalities which are painful and scar-forming. Such modalities have disadvantage of recurrence. Consequently, immunotherapy is introduced to overcome these problems.

Aims and Objectives:
To study the comparative efficacy of intralesional measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine with intralesional Vitamin D3 for the treatment of extragenital warts in the pediatric age group (5–18 years).

Materials and Methods:
Seventy-two immunocompetent patients aged between 5 and 18 years with multiple extragenital warts (2 or more) were enrolled and divided randomly into two groups (Group A and Group B). Group A and Group B received intralesional MMR vaccine and Vitamin D3, respectively, in the largest wart present. The injections were repeated every 2 weeks for a maximum of four injections.

Results:
Complete response (CR) in injected warts in Group A is seen in 25 (83.3%) patients, partial response (PR) in 3 (10%), and no or inadequate response (NR) in 2 (6.67%) patients. CR is seen in 23 (76.66%) patients of Group B, PR in 4 (13.33%) and no or NR in 3 (10%) patients. CR in distant warts in 22 (73.33%) patients in Group A and 20 (66.66) patients in Group B.

Conclusion:
Both MMR vaccine and Vitamin D3 are safe, efficacious, and less traumatic to the patients for multiple warts in comparison with destructive modalities.
Oligometastatic carcinoma prostate – An overview of the last decade
Authors: Shah Milap J , Sharma Aditya Prakash , Hameed B. M. Zeeshan , Jain Ravi , Patil Abhijit , Karthickeyan Naganathan , Singh Abhishek 
Published: August 2023

Introduction:
Oligometastatic prostate cancer (OMPC) has gained profound interest lately due to its different tumor biology and our ability to use multimodality therapy for cure or prolonged survival. Selecting the appropriate patient for treatment has become the aim of treating urologists, medical oncologists, and radiation oncologists. Through this review, we try to highlight the management of OMPC in light of recent literature.

Methods:
Literature search was performed on Pubmed, Scopus and Embase using keywords “Oligometastatic”, “ Prostate Cancer” using operators such as “And” & “Or”. Relevant articles were screened and all the latest articles on this emerging entity were included in this review.

Results:
All trials relevant to oligometastatic prostate cancer defining the role of surgery, radiotherapy and systemic therapy were included and appropriate inferences were drawn. Relevant studies were compiled in tabular form for this article.

Conclusion:
The current standard of care of management for OMPC remains systemic therapy on the lines of hormone-sensitive metastatic prostate cancer. The evolving role of surgery, and radiotherapy along with systemic therapy is highlighted in this article.
Knowledge, Awareness and Practice of Hand Hygiene among HealthCare Workers for the Prevention of Infection: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Gaur Namrata , Gaur Dushyant Singh 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Hand hygiene protocols, if followed stringently reduce the possibility of the spread of infection from healthcare workers (HCWs) to patients, to almost 99%. However, in actual practice, compliance of these protocols is poor.

Aims:
(1) To observe the practice of hand hygiene among HCWs and (2) assess knowledge and awareness regarding hand hygiene protocol and identify the factors hampering its effective practice. Prospective observational study at an multispeciality hospital.

Patients and Methods:
Consultants, junior doctors, nursing in-charges and nurses and ancillary staff like ward attendants, ward secretaries, housekeeping staff and lift operators were (1) Observed during their hand hygiene practice and (2) 200 of these HCWs were provided a written questionnaire, in order to assess their depth of hand hygiene knowledge. Data were studied and analysed.

Results:
Female HCWs, right from consultants to ward attendants and ancillary workers showed better knowledge and compliance with hand hygiene practices. The junior nurses, interns and junior residents were more compliant with hand hygiene procedures in comparison to consultants and in-charge nurses. Hand hygiene compliance was poor in outpatient department, particularly on days with heavy workloads. Lack of knowledge regarding hand hygiene was observed amongst ancillary staff.

Conclusions:
The study emphasised stringent compliance and constant re-enforcement of protocol of correct hand hygiene practice amongst HCWs including ancillary staff.
Comparative Analysis of Conventional Cytology and Liquid-Based Cytology in the Detection of Carcinoma Cervix and its Precursor Lesions
Authors: Maheshwari Yashika , Handa Uma , Aggarwal Phiza , Goel Bharti 
Published: August 2023

Context:
The conventional smears (CS) and Liquid based cytology (LBC) are important tools to detect carcinoma cervix and its precursor lesions.

Aims:
The present study was done to compare the cytomorphological features of cervical lesions using both techniques and compare with the histopathological diagnosis.

Settings and Design:
This was a prospective observational study over a period of 1.5 years at a tertiary care hospital.

Methods and Material:
A total of 969 women in the age group of 21–65 years presenting with either routine screening or complaints of vaginal bleeding, discharge, or pelvic pain were enrolled for the study. Both the CS and LBC smears were analyzed and compared with the corresponding histopathology diagnosis. The data was analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software and P values <0.05 were considered significant.

Results:
There were 8.57% unsatisfactory smears in CS as compared to 0.5% in LBC smears. Liquid-based cytology was superior to conventional preparations in terms of smear adequacy, lesser hemorrhagic and inflammatory background, and presence of more endocervical cells. Liquid-based cytology showed a better yield in detecting all the types of epithelial cell lesions with a concordance rate of 73.9% between the two techniques. On histopathology correlation of these lesions, LBC had a higher sensitivity (96.67%) and diagnostic accuracy (99.08%) as compared to CS (73.33% and 92.66%, respectively).

Conclusions:
Liquid-based cytology is superior to conventional cytology for the detection of epithelial cell lesions. Reduction in the unsatisfactory smears, a cleaner background, and better representation of the sample are more significantly appreciated on LBC in contrast to CS.
Ramadan fasting model exerts hepatoprotective, anti-obesity, and anti-hyperlipidemic effects in an experimentally-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver in rats
Authors: Alasmari Abeer A. , Al-Khalifah Abdulrahman S. , BaHammam Ahmed S. , Alshiban Noura M. S. , Almnaizel Ahmad T. , Alodah Hesham S. , Alhussain Maha H. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background:
The epidemic of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its metabolic effects present a serious public health concern. We hypothesized that the Ramadan fasting model (RFM), which involves fasting from dawn to dusk for a month, could provide potential therapeutic benefits and mitigate NAFLD. Accordingly, we aimed to validate this hypothesis using obese male rats.

Methods:
Rats were split into two groups (n = 24 per group), and they were given either a standard (S) or high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks. During the last four weeks of the study period, both S- and HFD-fed rats were subdivided into eight groups to assess the effect of RFM with/without training (T) or glucose administration (G) on the lipid profile, liver enzymes, and liver structure (n = 6/group).

Results:
The HFD+RFM group exhibited a significantly lower final body weight than that in the HFDC group. Serum cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, and triglyceride levels were significantly lower in the HFD+RFM, HFD+RFM+T, and HFD+RFM+G groups than those in the HFDC group. Compared with the HFDC group, all groups had improved serum high-density lipoprotein levels. Furthermore, HFD groups subjected to RFM had reduced serum levels of aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase compared with those of the HFD-fed group. Moreover, the liver histology improved in rats subjected to RFM compared with that of HFD-fed rats, which exhibited macro- and micro-fat droplet accumulation.

Conclusion:
RFM can induce positive metabolic changes and improve alterations associated with NAFLD, including weight gain, lipid profile, liver enzymes, and hepatic steatosis.
THE MULTIFACETED LANDSCAPE OF WTO LAW: A COMPREHENSIVE EXAMINATION OF ITS PRINCIPLES, RULES AND INSTITUTIONAL STRUCTURE
Authors: Abuseridze Giga 
Published: August 2023

Giga Abuseridze
E-mail: gabuseridze@cu.edu.ge
Ph.D in Law Caucasus University, Georgia
Riga Stradins University, Latvia
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2868-8719

Abstract: This paper examines the fundamental tenets, regulations, and institutional framework of the World Trade Organization that constitute the intricate landscape of WTO jurisprudence. The author delves into the intricate and specialized character of WTO law, elucidating a diverse array of topics pertaining to the intersection of international trade and legal principles. Particular emphasis is placed on the foundational principles of equitable trade and the WTO, encompassing matters of legal pluralism and non-discrimination. Drawing upon a comprehensive examination of the multilateral panorama of WTO legislation, the presented paper makes a substantial contribution towards fostering a more profound comprehension of international trade regulation, trade transformation, and extant clearances.
PROMOTING THE JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS’ VOCABULARY KNOWLEDGE THROUGH SEMANTIC MAPPING STRATEGY IN WRITING SKILL
Authors: Mbaki Katarina Alviani , Pusparini Ririn 
Published: August 2023

The study investigated how teacher encouraged junior high school student’s vocabulary knowledge by using semantic maps on writing skills and examined what vocabulary knowledge could be promoted by semantic mapping through students' report text writing. This study used a qualitative method, with the research participants being 35 students of SMPN 28 Surabaya consisting of 17 boys and 18 girls. The instruments used in this study were field notes and students’ report text writing. Field note was used to find out how the teacher implemented semantic mapping to encourage students' vocabulary knowledge in writing skill. At the same time, Student writing was used to answer how students' vocabulary knowledge is in the report text and what vocabulary knowledge was promoted by semantic mapping. The outcome of this study showed that the teacher implemented semantic mapping through several stages, such as introducing brainstorming, categorizing, personalizing, and writing. Furthermore, semantic mapping engaged students' attention to always focus on the learning process, assisted them to prepare ideas and information before writing a report text, explored and connected their vocabulary knowledge to the topic. In addition, based on the results of student report text analysis, which was done in groups, semantic mapping helped them to encourage vocabulary knowledge, classified vocabulary according to its categories and facilitated students to use vocabulary according to the context in the report text. Semantic mapping encouraged three students' vocabulary knowledge: word recognition, word grouping, and word context. By having good vocabulary knowledge, students could produce appropriate report text writing.
Analisis Persepsi Konsumen Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Pada Perumahan Grand Residence Makale Kabupaten Tana Toraja
Authors: Tapparan Samuel Randy , Justian Justian , Nursita Lisa 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This study aims to determine how consumers' perceptions of purchasing decisions at Grand Residence Makale Housing, Tana Toraja Regency. This type of research is descriptive quantitative research and data collection techniques carried out in this research are field research and library research. The data collection procedure was carried out by means of observation, interviews, and documentation. The types of data used are primary data and secondary data. The percentage of the highest average perception per indicator is 68.4% of all indicators that the Makale Grand Residence housing does have a good or positive perception
Keywords: Perception, Consumer, Purchase decision.
PENGARUH HARGA DAN KUALITAS PELAYANAN TERHADAP KEPUASAN KONSUMEN PADA CAFE WAI TEMAN MINUM KAMU DI KECAMATAN RANTEPAO KABUPATEN TORAJA UTARA
Authors: Ismail Ahsani Paramita , Pandung Klarita Belo , Tapparan Samuel Randy 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

This study aims to determine the effect of price and service quality on customer satisfaction at Cafe” Wai Teman Minum Kamu” in Rantepao District, North Toraja Regency. The type of research used in this research is descriptive quantitative research using multiple regression analysis techniques. The data collection method is by using a questionnaire / questionnaire. The population used are consumers who have come to Wai Teman Minum Kamu Cafe, while the method used to determine the number of samples is using the Slovin formula as many as 65 people. The results of the study stated that price had a significant effect on customer satisfaction, while service quality had no significant effect on customer satisfaction.
Keywords: price, service quality and customer satisfaction.

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh harga dan kualitas pelayanan terhadap kepuasan konsumen pada Cafe “Wai Teman Minum Kamu “ di Kecamatan Rantepao Kabupaten Toraja Utara. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif dengan menggunakan teknik analisis regresi berganda.Metode Pengumpulan data yaitu dengan mengunakan angket / kuosiener. Populasi yang digunakan adalah para konsumen yang pernah datang di Café Wai Teman Minum Kamu, sedangkan metode yang digunakan untuk menentukan jumlah sampel adalah menggunakan rumus Slovin sebanyak 65 orang. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa harga berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kepuasan konsumen, sedangkan kualitas pelayanan tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kepuasan konsumen.
Kata Kunci : harga, kualitas pelayanan dan kepuasan konsumen.