bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Induced spawning with gamete release from body ruptures during reproduction of Xenoturbella bocki
Authors: Nakano Hiroaki , Nakano Ako , Maeno Akiteru , Thorndyke Michael C. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractXenoturbella is a marine invertebrate with a simple body plan, with recent phylogenomic studies suggesting that it forms the phylum Xenacoelomorpha together with the acoelomorphs. The phylogenetic position of the phylum is still under debate, whether it is an early branching bilaterian or a sister group to the Ambulacraria. Phylogenetic traits often appear during development, and larva resembling the cnidarian planula has been reported for Xenoturbella. However, subsequent developmental studies on Xenoturbella have been scarce. This is mainly due to the difficulties in collecting and keeping adult animals, resulting in the lack of data on the reproduction of the animal, such as the breeding season and the spawning pattern. Here we report on the reproduction of X. bocki and confirm that its breeding season is winter. Spawning induction resulted in gametes being released from body ruptures and not the mouth. No evidence supported the animal as a simultaneous hermaphrodite.
A mathematical model of fibrinogen-mediated erythrocyte–erythrocyte adhesion
Authors: Lopes Catarina S. , Curty Juliana , Carvalho Filomena A. , Hernández-Machado A. , Kinoshita Koji , Santos Nuno C. , Travasso Rui D. M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractErythrocytes are deformable cells that undergo progressive biophysical and biochemical changes affecting the normal blood flow. Fibrinogen, one of the most abundant plasma proteins, is a primary determinant for changes in haemorheological properties, and a major independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. In this study, the adhesion between human erythrocytes is measured by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and its effect observed by micropipette aspiration technique, in the absence and presence of fibrinogen. These experimental data are then used in the development of a mathematical model to examine the biomedical relevant interaction between two erythrocytes. Our designed mathematical model is able to explore the erythrocyte–erythrocyte adhesion forces and changes in erythrocyte morphology. AFM erythrocyte–erythrocyte adhesion data show that the work and detachment force necessary to overcome the adhesion between two erythrocytes increase in the presence of fibrinogen. The changes in erythrocyte morphology, the strong cell-cell adhesion and the slow separation of the two cells are successfully followed in the mathematical simulation. Erythrocyte-erythrocyte adhesion forces and energies are quantified and matched with experimental data. The changes observed on erythrocyte–erythrocyte interactions may give important insights about the pathophysiological relevance of fibrinogen and erythrocyte aggregation in hindering microcirculatory blood flow.
Copy number variation-associated lncRNAs may contribute to the etiologies of congenital heart disease
Authors: Lu Yibo , Fang Qing , Qi Ming , Li Xiaoliang , Zhang Xingyu , Lin Yuwan , Xiang Ying , Fu Qihua , Wang Bo 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCopy number variations (CNVs) have long been recognized as pathogenic factors for congenital heart disease (CHD). Few CHD associated CNVs could be interpreted as dosage effect due to disruption of coding sequences. Emerging evidences have highlighted the regulatory roles of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in cardiac development. Whereas it remains unexplored whether lncRNAs within CNVs (CNV-lncRNAs) could contribute to the etiology of CHD associated CNVs. Here we constructed coexpression networks involving CNV-lncRNAs within CHD associated CNVs and protein coding genes using the human organ developmental transcriptomic data, and showed that CNV-lncRNAs within 10 of the non-syndromic CHD associated CNVs clustered in the most significant heart correlated module, and had highly correlated coexpression with multiple key CHD genes. HSALNG0104472 within 15q11.2 region was identified as a hub CNV-lncRNA with heart-biased expression and validated experimentally. Our results indicated that HSALNG0104472 should be a main effector responsible for cardiac defects of 15q11.2 deletion through regulating cardiomyocytes differentiation. Our findings suggested that CNV-lncRNAs could potentially contribute to the pathologies of a maximum proportion of 68.4% (13/19) of non-syndromic CHD associated CNVs. These results indicated that explaining the pathogenesis of CHD associated CNVs should take account of the noncoding regions.
Tinnitus Screener: Short-Term Test–Retest Reliability
Authors: Thielman Emily J. , Reavis Kelly M. , Theodoroff Sarah M. , Grush Leslie D. , Thapa Samrita , Smith Brandon D. , Schultz James , Henry James A. 
Published: February 2023

Purpose:
The Tinnitus Screener was introduced in 2015 as a four-item algorithmic instrument to assess the temporal characteristics of a person’s reported tinnitus. The Tinnitus Screener was then revised as a six-item version to include a new temporal category and to capture tinnitus duration (acute < 6 months vs. chronic ≥ 6 months). When contrasted with audiologist assessment, the four-item Tinnitus Screener was determined to be highly valid, but the short-term reliability of either version remained unknown. The present analysis focused on determining the test–retest reliability of the six-item Tinnitus Screener. Additionally, we sought to determine whether reliability differed by respondent age, sex, military status, and hearing loss.

Method:
The Tinnitus Screener was administered to 190 military Service members and 250 military Veterans at two time points separated by 7–31 days. Our analysis focused on test–retest reliability of responses as measured by the kappa coefficient, overall and within subsamples. Percent agreement of tinnitus categorization (temporal categories) and classification (positive/negative) between the two time points was also evaluated.

Results:
Constant or intermittent tinnitus was found in 31% of Service members and 53% of Veterans. Overall, kappa reliability coefficients were high, near .80, indicating substantial reliability. The majority (96%) of reliability coefficients for the Tinnitus Screener within subsamples were similarly high, ranging from .68 to .88.

Conclusions:
The updated version of the Tinnitus Screener is shown to be a reliable instrument. The Tinnitus Screener is recommended to inform clinical decision making by determining the temporal characteristics of tinnitus.
Durability of geomembranes in water transport applications
Authors: Blond Eric 
Published: February 2023

A question frequently asked by engineers exposed for the first time to geosynthetics is: “how long do they last”. In this presentation, the author gives an overview of the service life of geosynthetics. Service life is analysed versus the design life and the carbon footprint associated to the construction of a structure.
Factors affecting the performance of a geosynthetic used for sealing a canal are presented. A distinction is made between failures occurring because the product did not survive its installation, i.e., survivability-related; failures caused by an inadequate design of the product or the structure considering its environment of service, i.e., performance-related; or premature loss of function despite both installation and design were adequate, due to the inadequate choice or inadequate formulation of the material, i.e., durability-related.
The various materials commonly used to waterproof a structure are reviewed, and it is shown that geomembranes are indeed the material of choice for waterproofing a geotechnical structure, such as a canal.
Methods available to assess the service life which can be reasonably expected from various geosynthetics for a waterproofing function, such as in a canal or a dam. Field experiences are described, where some geosynthetics are still performing well after more than 60 years. Well-accepted predictive methods show that geosynthetics can last well-over a century in water-transport or water storage applications, especially when covered by soil or concrete to avoid UV exposure, to control their temperature, and to avoid accidental damage.
Routine Screening for Peripartum Depression in the Gynecologic and
Pediatric Setting – Evaluation of an Adapted EPDS
Version
Authors: Simen Susanne , Kuscher Katharina , Schröder Lea , Yilmaz-Terzioglu Neslisah , Schröder Torsten , Jung Ronny , Köhler Wolfgang , Dammer Ulf , Kastner Brigitte , Hillemacher Thomas , Berg Neeltje van den , Rauber Susanne 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose The aim of the study was to investigate the feasibility and
acceptability of a routine screening for peripartum depression (PD) by
gynecologists and pediatricians. In addition, it was investigated whether two
separate Plus Questions (PQ) of the “EPDS-Plus” are valid for
screening experiences of violence or a traumatic birth and whether they can be
associated with symptoms of PD.
Methods Using the EPDS-Plus the prevalence of PD was investigated in 5235
women. The convergent validity of the PQ with the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire
(CTQ) and Salmon’s Item List (SIL) was assessed using correlation
analysis. The association between the experience of violence and/or
traumatic birth experience and PD was subjected to the chi-square test.
Furthermore, a qualitative analysis for acceptance and satisfaction by the
practitioners was performed.
Results The prevalence was 9.94%/10.18% for
antepartum/postpartum depression. The convergent validity of the PQ
showed strong correlation with CTQ (p<0.001) and SIL (p<0.001).
For violence and PD, a significant association was found. There was no
significant association for traumatic birth experience and PD. There was a high
level of satisfaction and acceptance of the EPDS-Plus questionnaire.
Conclusion Screening for peripartum depression is feasible in regular care
and can help to identify depressed as well as potentially traumatized mothers,
especially in preparing trauma-sensitive birth care and treatment. Therefore,
specialized peripartum “psych” treatment for all affected
mothers in all regions has to be implemented.
The Impact of Sport-discipline and Sex on Physical Fitness and Bone
Markers in Athletes
Authors: Nebigh Ammar , Touhami Imed , Chtara Mokhtar , Govindasamy Karuppasamy , Surech Chandrababu , Hage Rawad El , Saeidi Ayoub , Boullosa Daniel , Clark Cain C.T. , Granacher Urs , Zouhal Hassane 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis study was performed to determine the impact of sex and sport-discipline on
physical fitness and bone markers in young sub-elite track and field athletes.
One hundred and forty-four track and ﬁeld sub-elite athletes (78 males
aged 17.8±1.6 years; 66 females aged 17.2±1.9 years) volunteered
to participate in this study and were categorized according to their disciplines
in endurance (EG: n=67) or power athletes (PG: n=77). A
significant main effect of sex was observed for C-telopeptide type I collagen
(CTx) (F=11.37; p<0.001; η2=0.10,
moderate), for osteocalcin (OC) (F=8.58; p<0.004;
η2=0.09, moderate) and for N-terminal propeptide
of procollagen type I (PINP) (F=7.96; p<0.05;
η2=0.07, moderate). The average CTx, OC and P1NP
levels were significantly higher in males compared with females
(0.05<p<0.001; η2= 0.07 to 0.10,
moderate). In addition, a significant main effect of sport-discipline was
observed only for P1NP values (F=10.16; p<0.002;
η2=0.09, moderate) with EG showing higher levels
than PG. For jumping and sprinting tests, the PG performed better than the EG.
For the endurance test, EG had better performance than PG. Endurance and power
exercise practices can increase bone formation markers (P1NP, OC), but only
anaerobic training (PG group) appears to positively impact on male track and
field athletes.
Variability in the Reporting of Baseline Characteristics, Treatment, and Outcomes in Esophageal Atresia Publications: A Systematic Review
Authors: Teunissen Nadine , Brendel Julia , Eaton Simon , Hall Nigel , Thursfield Rebecca , van Heurn Ernest L.W. , Ure Benno , Wijnen Rene 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Introduction As survival rates of infants born with esophageal atresia (EA) have improved considerably, research interests are shifting from viability to morbidity and longer-term outcomes. This review aims to identify all parameters studied in recent EA research and determine variability in their reporting, utilization, and definition.
Materials and Methods Following PRISMA guidelines, we performed a systematic review of literature regarding the main EA care process, published between 2015 and 2021, combining the search term “esophageal atresia” with “morbidity,” “mortality,” “survival,” “outcome,” or “complication.” Described outcomes were extracted from included publications, along with study and baseline characteristics.
Results From 209 publications that met the inclusion criteria, 731 studied parameters were extracted and categorized into patient characteristics (n = 128), treatment and care process characteristics (n = 338), and outcomes (n = 265). Ninety-two of these were reported in more than 5% of included publications. Most frequently reported characteristics were sex (85%), EA type (74%), and repair type (60%). Most frequently reported outcomes were anastomotic stricture (72%), anastomotic leakage (68%), and mortality (66%).
Conclusion This study demonstrates considerable heterogeneity of studied parameters in EA research, emphasizing the need for standardized reporting to compare results of EA research. Additionally, the identified items may help develop an informed, evidence-based consensus on outcome measurement in esophageal atresia research and standardized data collection in registries or clinical audits, thereby enabling benchmarking and comparing care between centers, regions, and countries.
Outcome in TBI Patients with Early Physiotherapy and Post-discharge Rehabilitation: Indian Experience
Authors: Manda Vijayasekhar Venkata , Pathi Rajesh , Swaroop K. Hema , Phaneeswar T. , Satyavaraprasad Kadali 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Introduction Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of death and disability worldwide and early initiation of physiotherapy with continuing rehabilitation may improve outcomes.
Methods All adult TBI patients with GCS 5–12 admitted from May 2018 to December 2019 were included. Early physiotherapy was initiated before the fifth day of admission and continued post discharge. Patients and families were educated in a rehabilitation program with printed handouts and video clips. All patients are followed up via telephone/video calls after discharge. We assessed the Glasgow Outcome Score (GOS) and disability at 15, 30, and 90 days post discharge, and 180 days follow-up was also suggested but only a few (38) patients reported. Data were compared with matched patients treated in previous years.
Results A total of 1,233 patients were studied. At 3-month follow-up by telephonic and video calls, GOS 5 was noted (63.7%; 174/ 273) in 2019 compared with (41.3%; 41/ 98) in 2018. The number of discharges increased after initiation of physiotherapy and rehabilitation programs (38%; 288/759 in 2019 versus 24%; 115/474 in 2018). Post-discharge deaths were also less (5.9%; 17/288) in 2019 compared with (14.8%; 17/115) in 2018.
Conclusion Early rehabilitation and post-discharge therapy are associated with improved outcomes of TBI patients. Refinements in data collection and communication improve patient follow-up and functional outcomes.
Pharmacological Inhibition of Glycoprotein VI- and Integrin α2β1-Induced Thrombus Formation Modulated by the Collagen Type
Authors: Jooss Natalie J. , Henskens Yvonne M.C. , Watson Steve P. , Farndale Richard W. , Gawaz Meinrad P. , Jandrot-Perrus Martine , Poulter Natalie S. , Heemskerk Johan W. M. 
Published: February 2023

Background In secondary cardiovascular disease prevention, treatments blocking platelet-derived secondary mediators pose a risk of bleeding. Pharmacological interference of the interaction of platelets with exposed vascular collagens is an attractive alternative, with clinical trials ongoing. Antagonists of the collagen receptors, glycoprotein VI (GPVI), and integrin α2β1, include recombinant GPVI-Fc dimer construct Revacept, 9O12 mAb based on the GPVI-blocking reagent Glenzocimab, Syk tyrosine-kinase inhibitor PRT-060318, and anti-α2β1 mAb 6F1. No direct comparison has been made of the antithrombic potential of these drugs.
Methods Using a multiparameter whole-blood microfluidic assay, we compared the effects of Revacept, 9O12-Fab, PRT-060318, or 6F1 mAb intervention with vascular collagens and collagen-related substrates with varying dependencies on GPVI and α2β1. To inform on Revacept binding to collagen, we used fluorescent-labelled anti-GPVI nanobody-28.
Results and Conclusion In this first comparison of four inhibitors of platelet–collagen interactions with antithrombotic potential, we find that at arterial shear rate: (1) the thrombus-inhibiting effect of Revacept was restricted to highly GPVI-activating surfaces; (2) 9O12-Fab consistently but partly inhibited thrombus size on all surfaces; (3) effects of GPVI-directed interventions were surpassed by Syk inhibition; and (4) α2β1-directed intervention with 6F1 mAb was strongest for collagens where Revacept and 9O12-Fab were limitedly effective. Our data hence reveal a distinct pharmacological profile for GPVI-binding competition (Revacept), GPVI receptor blockage (9O12-Fab), GPVI signaling (PRT-060318), and α2β1 blockage (6F1 mAb) in flow-dependent thrombus formation, depending on the platelet-activating potential of the collagen substrate. This work thus points to additive antithrombotic action mechanisms of the investigated drugs.
1.11 Nickel-Catalyzed Enantioselective Reductive Cross-Coupling Reactions
Authors: Wang C. , Yang F. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractNickel-catalyzed enantioselective reductive cross-coupling reactions enable simple and efficient synthesis of enantioenriched compounds, with high functionality tolerance, through circumventing the use of pregenerated organometallics. In this chapter, the most quintessential examples of the recent advances in this field have been summarized, and the contents are organized according to the reaction types.
1.13 Nickel-Catalyzed Cross Coupling Involving Alkenes
Authors: Zhu S. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractNickel-catalyzed functionalization of alkenes to give value-added products in a manner that is rapid, selective, and modular has resulted in tremendous advances in synthetic chemistry. Great progress has been achieved in nickel-catalyzed (migratory) hydrofunctionalization and difunctionalization of alkenes over the past few years. In the first half of this chapter, nickel-catalyzed (migratory) hydrofunctionalization of alkenes is described. The second half details nickel-catalyzed difunctionalization of alkenes. Both reductive and redox-neutral reactions are discussed.
1.17 Nickel-Catalyzed Cross Coupling via C—O and C—N Activation
Authors: Yoshida T. , Tobisu M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe use of a suitable nickel catalyst enables inert phenol derivatives (i.e., aryl ethers and esters) and aniline derivatives to be used as aryl halide surrogates in cross-coupling reactions, via the activation of C—O and C—N bonds. In this review, standard procedures for such reactions are presented.
No more binaries: a case of Pakistan as an anomalistic discourse in American print media (2001–2010)
Authors: Javed Tauseef , Sun Jiandang , Khurshid Ayisha 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDiscourse gives social and physical realities meaning. Individuals, cultures, and states all use discourse to understand who they are, how they live, and how the world works. A similar discourse gained traction in the post-9/11 world. The discourse disseminated through the American media constructed a form of binarism in the guise of the Us vs. Them. This discourse was extended to account for representations of friend or foe. Discourses as mentioned earlier, give meaning to the reality around us. As part of international relations and politics, these discourses are the optimum site for establishing and enacting power and status. To analyze such a negotiation of positions and power in discourse, this research analyzes the American media’s coverage of the former head of the Pakistani state, i.e., (General) President Pervez Musharraf. The corpus comprising 509 articles has been used as the research data. Using the notions of semantic preference and prosody, the study reveals that Musharraf’s identity is fostered more on political lines rather than military, signifying the downplaying of his dictatorship. On the other side, his efforts in the War on Terror are looked upon as dubious and the media coverage is mixed.
A flexible proton beam imaging energy spectrometer (PROBIES) for high repetition rate or single-shot high energy density (HED) experiments (invited)
Authors: Mariscal D. A. , Djordjević B. Z. , Anirudh R. , Bremer T. , Campbell P. C. , Feister S. , Folsom E. , Grace E. S. , Hollinger R. , Jacobs S. A. , Kailkhura B. , Kalantar D. , Kemp A. J. , Kim J. , Kur E. , Liu S. , Ludwig J. , Morrison J. , Nedbailo R. , Ose N. , Park J. , Rocca J. J. , Scott G. G. , Simpson R. A. , Song H. , Spears B. , Sullivan B. , Swanson K. K. , Thiagarajan J. , Wang S. , Williams G. J. , Wilks S. C. , Wyatt M. , Van Essen B. , Zacharias R. , Zeraouli G. , Zhang J. , Ma T. 
Published: February 2023

The PROBIES diagnostic is a new, highly flexible, imaging and energy spectrometer designed for laser-accelerated protons. The diagnostic can detect low-mode spatial variations in the proton beam profile while resolving multiple energies on a single detector or more. When a radiochromic film stack is employed for “single-shot mode,” the energy resolution of the stack can be greatly increased while reducing the need for large numbers of films; for example, a recently deployed version allowed for 180 unique energy measurements spanning ∼3 to 75 MeV with &lt;0.4 MeV resolution using just 20 films vs 180 for a comparable traditional film and filter stack. When utilized with a scintillator, the diagnostic can be run in high-rep-rate (&gt;Hz rate) mode to recover nine proton energy bins. We also demonstrate a deep learning-based method to analyze data from synthetic PROBIES images with greater than 95% accuracy on sub-millisecond timescales and retrained with experimental data to analyze real-world images on sub-millisecond time-scales with comparable accuracy.
Probing local electron temperature and density inside a sheared flow stabilized Z-pinch using portable optical Thomson scattering
Authors: Banasek J. T. , Goyon C. , Bott-Suzuki S. C. , Swadling G. F. , Quinley M. , Levitt B. , Nelson B. A. , Shumlak U. , McLean H. S. 
Published: February 2023

We report the first optical Thomson scattering measurements inside a high electron temperature (≳1 keV) and moderate electron density (mid 1016 cm−3) plasma. This diagnostic has been built to provide critical plasma parameters, such as electron temperature and density, for Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy-supported fusion-energy concepts. It uses an 8 J laser at 532 nm in 1.5 ns to measure the high frequency feature of the Thomson scattering profile at 17 locations along the probe axis. It is able to measure electron density from 5 × 1017 cm−3 to several 1019 cm−3 and electron temperatures from tens of eV to several keV. Here, we describe the design, deployment, and analysis on the sheared flow stabilized Z-pinch machine at Zap Energy named FuZE. The probe beam is aimed at an axial distance of 20 cm from the central electrode and is timed within the temporal envelope of neutron emission. The high temperature and moderate density plasmas generated on FuZE lie in an unconventional regime for Thomson scattering as they are between tokamaks and laser-produced plasmas. We described the analysis considerations in this regime, show that the electron density was below 5 × 1016 cm−3 at all times during these measurements, and present a sample shot where the inferred electron temperature varied from 167 ± 16 eV to 700 ± 85 eV over 1.6 cm.