bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feasibility of virtual Alzheimer's biomarker disclosure: Findings from an observational cohort
Authors: Erickson Claire M. , Chin Nathaniel A. , Rosario Hannah L. , Peterson Amanda , Johnson Sterling C. , Clark Lindsay R. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntroductionIncreased availability of Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarker tests provides older adults with opportunities to seek out and learn results. We evaluated the feasibility of virtually returning AD biomarker results.MethodsTrained study clinicians disclosed amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) results and provided dementia risk‐reduction counseling via televideo to cognitively unimpaired participants already enrolled in AD research (n = 99; mean age ± SD: 72.0 ± 4.8; 67% women; 95% White; 28% amyloid elevated).ResultsOur study demonstrated acceptable levels of retention (93%), compliance (98%), adherence (98%), clinician competence (97%), education comprehension (quiz scores 14/15), and virtual visit functionality (rating 9.4/10). Depression, anxiety, and suicidality remained low and did not differ by amyloid result.DiscussionVirtual return of amyloid PET results to cognitively unimpaired research participants is feasible and does not result in increased psychological symptoms. Technological barriers for some participants highlight the need for flexibility. These findings support the use of televideo in AD biomarker disclosure, although our study sample and design have important limitations for generalizability.
Primary pyomyositis and uveitis in a cat
Authors: Park Jongjin , Lee Saeyoung , Kim Minkun , Jeong Hyohoon , Yun Youngmin , Song Woo‐Jin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA 6‐year‐old neutered male Siamese cat was referred for investigation of hindlimb ataxia and blindness of 2 weeks’ duration. A swollen right hind limb, with no history of trauma, and no evidence of an external wound, was observed on physical examination. Ophthalmic examination revealed bilateral absence of the menace response and changes consistent with uveitis. Blood tests identified changes consistent with inflammation including serum amyloid A elevation. Infectious disease testing was negative. Degenerate neutrophils and bacterial cocci were detected on fine needle aspiration cytology of the affected limb. Thoracic radiography and abdominal ultrasonography identified no abnormalities. Primary pyomyositis was suspected and clindamycin was prescribed following Penrose drain tube placement. In addition, eye drops containing tobramycin, atropine, and prednisolone were administered. The clinical signs and serum amyloid A level were markedly improved after 5 days of treatment. Based on the medical history and lack of other findings, the uveitis was suspected to be secondary to the pyomyositis. The clinical signs resolved completely, and no recurrence was reported within a 6‐month follow‐up period. To the best of our knowledge, primary pyomyositis with uveitis has not been previously reported in cats.
ChemTSv2: Functional molecular design using de novo molecule generator
Authors: Ishida Shoichi , Aasawat Tanuj , Sumita Masato , Katouda Michio , Yoshizawa Tatsuya , Yoshizoe Kazuki , Tsuda Koji , Terayama Kei 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDesigning functional molecules is the prerogative of experts who have advanced knowledge and experience in their fields. To democratize automatic molecular design for both experts and nonexperts, we introduce a generic open‐sourced framework, ChemTSv2, to design molecules based on a de novo molecule generator equipped with an easy‐to‐use interface. Besides, ChemTSv2 can easily be integrated with various simulation packages, such as Gaussian 16 package, and supports a massively parallel exploration that accelerates molecular designs. We exhibit the potential of molecular design with ChemTSv2, including previous work, such as chromophores, fluorophores, drugs, and so forth. ChemTSv2 contributes to democratizing inverse molecule design in various disciplines relevant to chemistry.This article is categorized under:
Data Science > Databases and Expert Systems
Data Science > Artificial Intelligence/Machine Learning
Data Science > Computer Algorithms and Programming
Building capacity of young water professionals through action research and transdisciplinary approaches
Authors: Maheshwari Basant 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWater management has become quite complex due to population pressure, climate change, and urbanization. Future young water professionals (YWPs) need to be capable of working with real‐world situations, and they need to be suitably trained so that they can effectively communicate with decision‐makers and enable innovative ideas to be adopted in policy development and actions on the ground. To get the ideas converted into actions, we need not only YWPs who are well‐trained in water science and engineering but also in social, economic, governance, policy, and other related aspects. This special issue is devoted to the India YWP training program, led by Western Sydney University and the Australia India Water Centre (AIWC), aimed at developing a cohort of skilled YWPs and nurturing the next generation of water leaders in support of India's water reform agenda and the National Water Mission. The program engaged 20 YWPs, consisting of equal gender representation, selected by the Ministry of Jal Shakti from various water management agencies and departments across India. In this special issue, there are six articles that cover the design and implementation of YWP training programs, the mentoring of YWPs within the training program, a reflection on transdisciplinary learning, and two example SUIPs. Together, these articles provide details on how to design and implement an innovative YWP training program, what works well and what can be done better, and what YWPs can get out of the program in terms of working on a client‐based, real‐world project. Overall, well‐designed transdisciplinary training can help YWPs bring new thinking and leadership to tackle future water challenges, including water governance, stakeholder involvement, critical thinking, problem analysis, and effective communication in various situations. Furthermore, such training can help YWPs develop their vision and capacity for more effective planning, design, implementation, and management of water projects and initiatives.
The evolution of anaerobic growth in Saccharomycotina yeasts
Authors: Krause David J. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHumans rely on the ability of budding yeasts to grow without oxygen in industrial scale fermentations that produce beverages, foods, and biofuels. Oxygen is deeply woven into the energy metabolism and biosynthetic capabilities of budding yeasts. While diverse ecological habitats may provide wide varieties of different carbon and nitrogen sources for yeasts to utilize, there is no direct substitute for molecular oxygen, only a range of availability. Understanding how a small subset of budding yeasts evolved the ability to grow without oxygen could expand the set of useful species in industrial scale fermentations as well as provide insight into the cryptic field of yeast ecology. However, we still do not yet appreciate the full breadth of species that can growth without oxygen, what genes underlie this adaptation, and how these genes have evolved.
Leadership in Digitised Workplaces
Authors: Černe Matej , Lamovšek Amadeja , Nikolova Irina , Wong Sut I. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractLeadership represents an emerging theme in the field of digitised workplaces, yet the understanding of leadership dynamics and effectiveness in this context remains limited. The aim of this chapter is to (1) provide an overview of the existing academic literature at the intersection of leadership and the future of work and (2) propose an integrative framework of established and current research and emerging trends. We apply a holistic, systematic and comprehensive review of this literature based on objective measures of impact. We consider the main theoretical foundations within the literature and provide an overview of prominent research clusters including both current and emerging themes. Practical implications are related to leadership and digitalisation, leadership in virtual work, leading virtual teams and leadership in the context of the Future of Work and the gig economy.
Digital Learning: A Bright New Dawn for Learning and Development
Authors: Gubbins Claire , Garavan Thomas N. , Bennett Elisabeth E. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThere has been a steady increase in the use of digital learning media, a trajectory which was accelerated in recent years due to a myriad of factors. Definitions of digital learning are quite diverse but generally can be categorised into formal, informal and blended. Empirically and practically, the emphasis has been on formal digital learning. In this chapter we focus on the drivers, opportunities and challenges associated with digital learning as an approach to achieving organisational learning and development goals. Specifically, we discuss the drive for shorter, faster and cheaper training and learning methods and consider the impact on learning quality. We discuss digital learning in the context of learning pedagogy and consider the evidence and implications if digital learning methods are not designed with learning pedagogy in mind. Finally, we acknowledge the re-ignited emphasis on informal learning or learning in the flow of work and consider if digital technologies can facilitate such learning.
Citizenship and Migration in the International Order
Authors: Wihtol de Wenden Catherine 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCitizenship is usually defined in terms of the rights and duties of citizens in relation to nation states. The definition used in France refers to the philosophical content of the social contract and the values of the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen of 1789, whereas in most countries it refers to nationality rights (which are specifically conceived in terms of “nationality” in France). However, the concept of citizenship is now being challenged by migration, because the nation state is no longer the only reference in terms of individuals’ belonging. Transnational diasporas, border-crossing experiences, and the existence of large numbers of undocumented migrants are calling into question both the international system of national borders and the concept of citizenship, since various forms of citizenship have developed in response to migration issues in the international order (local citizenship for foreigners, dual citizenship, refugee status for asylum seekers, etc.). Citizenship is also becoming a multicultural phenomenon in large immigration countries, which sometimes change their constitution in response to such changes in their populations. Transnational diasporas, as new actors in the international order (acting through “the strength of weak ties”, as Mark Granovetter puts it; 1973; see also Safran, 1991; Scheffer, 2006) are becoming increasingly influential and blurring the boundaries of states owing to the diversity of links that they build across borders.
Migration Diplomacy and Multi-actor Governance
Authors: Wihtol de Wenden Catherine 
Published: July 2023

AbstractVarious forms of migration diplomacy have now developed, which make use of several tools. This typically involves bilateral and multilateral agreements regarding the externalisation of borders and the provision of visas for highly-skilled migrants from the Global South in exchange for the repatriation of undocumented migrants and the creation of new development policies. Countries of origin have also adopted new strategies in this domain, including adopting a greater openness towards dual citizenship, allowing national voting rights for migrants in their countries of origin (notably in Latin America), developing remittance policies, supporting diasporic associations, and promoting their elites abroad. Migration diplomacy is also conducted at the regional and global level, including in contexts of free circulation at the regional level. New actors advocating for migrants’ rights and human rights are also emerging at the global level.
Migration and Development
Authors: Wihtol de Wenden Catherine 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe topic of the relationship between migration and development is one of the most controversial areas in migration research and policy. For a long time, it was considered that development was an alternative to migration, because in European history, emigration flows from Southern European countries came to an end when those countries experienced economic growth and developed more democratic political systems. In Spain, Portugal, Italy, and Greece, migration decreased or disappeared around the time of their entry into the EU. However, the assumption that the same patterns will emerge in countries on the southern rim of the Mediterranean Sea runs into several problems. The first problem relates to the demographic situation. Italy, Spain, Portugal, and Greece have all experienced a rapid demographic decrease and have thus ceased to offer a reserve of labour force for Northern Europe, as they did in the 1970s. The second reason is the gradual convergence of living standards in those Southern European countries compared with those of Northern Europe, which developed around the same time as European freedom of circulation was achieved. Freedom of circulation also created opportunities for circulation without settlement, a trend which similarly increased in Eastern European countries, when citizens of new EU Member States adopted mobility as a way of life between Romania, Poland, and Western European countries. For Eastern Europe after the 1990s, circular migration became possible as a result of the opening of borders thanks to their entry into the EU. Over the last 30 years, all Southern European countries, which were formerly emigration countries, became new immigration countries.
Deep Renovation: Definitions, Drivers and Barriers
Authors: Lynn Theo , Rosati Pierangelo , Egli Antonia 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis chapter defines the key elements of the deep renovation life cycle. Investment in deep renovation is driven by various rationales, including societal, economic, environmental, energy security, quality, opportunistic, and catalytic motivations and benefits. At the same time, both deep renovation and digital technology adoption to support deep renovation are impacted by challenges presented in humans, organisational processes, technologies and external environments. This chapter explores the key drivers and barriers to deep renovation and associated digitalisation. It establishes the motivation for the remainder of the book.
Embedded Sensors, Ubiquitous Connectivity and Tracking
Authors: Arnesano Marco , Mansi Silvia Angela 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe digitalisation of the deep renovation process and built environment is enabled by ubiquitous connectivity and monitoring of the environment itself, the artefacts and actors within it, and events that occur. Such monitoring is important for efficient construction management, dynamic peak demand reduction, affordability, and occupants’ well-being. Sensor networks based on Internet of Things (IoT) technologies represent an important prerequisite for both optimising and redefining the stages of the building process to meet environmental challenges. This chapter provides an overview of how computation capabilities are being integrated into the physical environment and the role of sensor networks in the context of deep renovation. The key advantages and benefits of these technologies at the pre, during and post-renovation stages are discussed together with different use cases. The value of sensor network infrastructures and the legal and ethical implications of the use of such sensor infrastructures is also discussed.
Building Performance Simulation
Authors: Dimara Asimina , Krinidis Stelios , Ioannidis Dimosthenis , Tzovaras Dimitrios 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSimulation is a proven technique that uses computational, mathematical, and machine learning models to represent the physical characteristics, expected or actual operation, and control strategies of a building and its energy systems. Simulations can be used in a number of tasks along the deep renovation life cycle, including: (a) integrating simulations with other knowledge-based systems to support decision-making, (b) using simulations to evaluate and compare design scenarios, (c) integrating simulations with real-time monitoring and diagnostic systems for building energy management and control, (d) integrating multiple simulation applications, and (e) using virtual reality (VR) to enable digital building design and operation experiences. While building performance simulation is relatively well established, there are numerous challenges to applying it across the renovation life cycle, including data integration from fragmented building systems, and modelling human-building interactions, amongst others. This chapter defines the building performance simulation domain outlining significant use cases, widely used simulation tools, and the challenges for implementation.
Digital Twins and Their Roles in Building Deep Renovation Life Cycle
Authors: Pan Yuandong , Hu Zhiqi , Brilakis Ioannis 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDigital twins have started to diffuse within architecture, engineering, construction, and operations (AECO), based on their emerging and anticipated benefits to the various stakeholders involved in the building life cycle. However, their applications are still at an early stage, and much effort is still needed to exploit their full potential. This chapter explains some key notions to help understand digital twins in AECO. It exposes the various definitions of digital twins and illustrates the basic steps and relevant methods for creating a digital twin. The chapter also provides an overview of the state-of-the-art deep learning methods for digital twins and discusses some real-life use cases. Finally, the chapter discusses the benefits and challenges associated with the adoption of digital twins.
Additive Manufacturing and the Construction Industry
Authors: Chougan Mehdi , Al-Kheetan Mazen J. , Ghaffar Seyed Hamidreza 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAdditive manufacturing (AM), including 3D printing, has the potential to transform the construction industry. AM allows the construction industry to use complex and innovative geometries to build an object, building block, wall, or frame from a computer model. As such, it has potential opportunities for the construction industry and specific applications in the deep renovation process. While AM can provide significant benefits in the deep renovation process, it is not without its own environmental footprint and barriers. In this chapter, AM is defined, and the main materials used within the construction industry are outlined. This chapter also explores the benefits and challenges of implementing AM within the construction industry before concluding with a discussion of the future areas of development for AM in construction.
Grundlagen: Verarbeitung
Authors: Dhungel Anna-Katharina 
Published: August 2023

ZusammenfassungIm vorigen Kapitel wurde das Thema Daten aus verschiedenen Perspektiven behandelt und erörtert. Nun geht es um die Frage, wie ein KI-System Daten verarbeitet. Hierfür werden zunächst die unterschiedlichen Trainingsmethoden vorgestellt: überwachtes Lernen (3.2), unüberwachtes Lernen (3.3) sowie bestärkendes Lernen (3.4). Es folgt die Einführung künstlicher neuronaler Netze (3.5), deren Entwicklung momentan rasant voranschreitet. Die beiden folgenden Abschnitte befassen sich mit den Verfahren Support Vector Machine (3.6) sowie lineare und logistische Regression (3.7). Das angeeignete Wissen kann in einer Übung reflektiert (3.8) und im eigenen Anwendungsfall eingesetzt werden (3.9).
Phase Spaces, Parity Operators, and the Born–Jordan Distribution
Authors: Koczor Bálint , vom Ende Frederik , de Gosson Maurice , Glaser Steffen J. , Zeier Robert 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPhase spaces as given by the Wigner distribution function provide a natural description of infinite-dimensional quantum systems. They are an important tool in quantum optics and have been widely applied in the context of time–frequency analysis and pseudo-differential operators. Phase-space distribution functions are usually specified via integral transformations or convolutions which can be averted and subsumed by (displaced) parity operators proposed in this work. Building on earlier work for Wigner distribution functions (Grossmann in Commun Math Phys 48(3):191–194, 1976.https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01617867), parity operators give rise to a general class of distribution functions in the form of quantum-mechanical expectation values. This enables us to precisely characterize the mathematical existence of general phase-space distribution functions. We then relate these distribution functions to the so-called Cohen class (Cohen in J Math Phys 7(5):781–786, 1966.https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1931206) and recover various quantization schemes and distribution functions from the literature. The parity operator approach is also applied to the Born–Jordan distribution which originates from the Born–Jordan quantization (Born and Jordan in Z Phys 34(1):858–888, 1925.https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01328531). The corresponding parity operator is written as a weighted average of both displacements and squeezing operators, and we determine its generalized spectral decomposition. This leads to an efficient computation of the Born–Jordan parity operator in the number-state basis, and example quantum states reveal unique features of the Born–Jordan distribution.
Characterizing the supra- and subsolidus processes that generated the Current PGE–Cu–Ni deposit, Thunder Bay North Intrusive Complex, Canada: insights from trace elements and multiple S isotopes of sulfides
Authors: Brzozowski M. , Hollings P. , Heggie G. , MacTavish A. , Wilton D. , Evans-Lamswood D. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe Current deposit is hosted by serpentinized peridotite that intruded rocks of the Quetico Subprovince in the Midcontinent Rift, and is subdivided into three morphologically distinct regions — the shallow and thin Current–Bridge Zone in the northwest, the deep and thick 437–Southeast Anomaly (SEA) Zone in the southeast, and the thick Beaver–Cloud Zone in the middle. The magma parental to the Current deposit became saturated in sulfide as a result of the addition of external S from at least two sources — a deep source characterized by high Δ33S (< 3‰) values, and a shallow source, potentially the Archean metasedimentary country rocks, characterized by low Δ33S (< 0.3‰). Variations in Δ33S–S/Se–Cu/Pd values indicate that the contamination signatures were largely destroyed by interaction of the sulfide liquid with large volumes of uncontaminated silicate melt. The intrusion crystallized sequentially, with the Current–Bridge Zone crystallizing first, followed by the Beaver–Cloud Zone, and lastly by the 437–SEA Zone. This, along with the elevated Cu/Pd ratios in the 437–SEA Zone, which formed as a result of sulfide segregation during an earlier saturation event, and development of igneous layering in this zone, suggests that it represents the feeder channel to the Current deposit. After the intrusion crystallized, the base-metal sulfide mineralogy was modified by circulation of late-stage hydrothermal fluids, with pyrrhotite and pentlandite being replaced by pyrite and millerite, respectively. This fluid activity mobilized metals and semi-metals, including Fe, Ni, S, Se, Co, Cu, Ag, and As, but did not affect the PGE. This contribution highlights the importance of the interplay between magma dynamics and magmatic–hydrothermal processes in the formation of Ni–Cu–PGE-mineralized deposits.