bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Independent control of COVID-19 vaccines by EU Official Control Authority Batch Release: challenges, strengths and successes
Authors: Milne Catherine , Wagner Ralf , Cano François , Bruysters Martijn , Waeterloos Geneviève , Pullirsch Dieter , Wierer Michael , Mallet Laurent 
Published: February 2023

AbstractVaccines have been a key tool in stemming the tide of the COVID-19 pandemic. The rapid development of effective vaccines against COVID-19, together with their regulatory approval and wide scale distribution has been achieved in an impressively short period thanks to the intense efforts of many. In parallel to vaccine development, the EU considered it important to prepare for the independent control of the COVID-19 vaccines, including testing, to help ensure that only vaccines that comply with the approved quality requirements reach the public and to help improve/increase public confidence in the vaccines. The existing EU Official Control Authority Batch Release (OCABR) system, co-ordinated by the European Directorate for the Quality of Medicines and HealthCare (EDQM), was able to effectively respond to the need, through rapid co-ordination, work-sharing, advance planning and early interaction with manufacturers, the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovation (CEPI) and regulatory authorities. The Official Medicines Control Laboratories (OMCLs) involved in the OCABR activity, using the strength of the established system in the OCABR network and adaptations to the crisis conditions, were ready to release the first COVID-19 vaccine batches, after protocol review and testing, at the time of the conditional marketing authorisation for each of the COVID-19 vaccines, with no delay for batches reaching the public. Thanks to the dedication of resources by the EU and national authorities as well as by the EDQM, this was done without impacting the release of the other vaccines and human blood and plasma derived medicinal products, essential for public health. Transparency and communication of practices were important factors to support reliance on the OCABR outcome in non-EU countries, with the goal to improve access to vaccines in Europe and beyond. An overview of the process, legal background, challenges and successes of OCABR for COVID-19 vaccines as well as a look at the international perspective and lessons learned is provided.
Observation of near-inertial waves in the wake of four typhoons in the northern South China Sea
Authors: Gong Qinglong , Wang Qixiang , Chen Liang , Diao Yina , Xiong Xuejun , Sun Jilin , Lv Xianqing 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBased on the velocity and temperature data recorded by two acoustic Doppler current profilers (ADCPs) at a mooring system deployed in the northern South China Sea (SCS), this study investigates the characteristics of near-inertial waves (NIWs) induced by typhoons Bebinca, Barijat, Mangkhut and Yutu in 2018. For the dynamical response, besides the motion of near inertial frequency induced by typhoons, the motion of 2 f ([1.80–2.20] f, f is the local inertial frequency) and f D1 (a harmonic wave with a frequency equal to the sum of frequencies of NIWs and diurnal tides) frequency will also increase. For near-inertial motions, the maximum near-inertial kinetic energy (NIKE) is confined to depths above 150 m. For stronger (weaker) wind forcing, the longer (shorter) the response time of the ocean to the atmospheric forcing is, and the shorter (longer) the response time is required in relaxation stage. There are upward and downward propagating energies after the passage of typhoons, and the upward propagating energy mainly occur in the stage of the geostrophic balance adjustment. The current structure suggests that the NIWs in the vertical direction are two antisymmetric rotary vortices in a near-inertial period, which is similar to the structure of the Langmuir circulation. Besides, the horizontal near-inertial currents (NICs) are much stronger than the vertical NICs, and the stronger the NIWs are, the stronger the horizontal NICs relative to the vertical NICs are. For the temperature response, the temperature variation reflects a clear stratified vertical structure. In the forcing stage, the upper layer becomes colder, the lower layer becomes warmer, and the thickness and intensity of the thermocline decrease. In the relaxation stage, the upper layer warms and the lower layer cools, and the thickness and intensity of thermocline increase.
An event-oriented database of meteorological droughts in Europe based on spatio-temporal clustering
Authors: Cammalleri Carmelo , Acosta Navarro Juan Camilo , Bavera Davide , Diaz Vitali , Di Ciollo Chiara , Maetens Willem , Magni Diego , Masante Dario , Spinoni Jonathan , Toreti Andrea 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDroughts evolve in space and time without following borders or pre-determined temporal constraints. Here, we present a new database of drought events built with a three-dimensional density-based clustering algorithm. The chosen approach is able to identify and characterize the spatio-temporal evolution of drought events, and it was tuned with a supervised approach against a set of past global droughts characterized independently by multiple drought experts. About 200 events were detected over Europein the period 1981-2020 using SPI-3 (3-month cumulated Standardized Precipitation Index) maps derived from the ECMWF (European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecasts) 5th generation reanalysis (ERA5) precipitation. The largest European meteorological droughts during this period occurred in 1996, 2003, 2002 and 2018. A general agreement between the major events identified by the algorithm and drought impact records was found, as well as with previous datasets based on pre-defined regions.
Changes of biomarkers for erythropoiesis, iron metabolism, and FGF23 by supplementation with roxadustat in patients on hemodialysis
Authors: Yoshida Shunsuke , Saito Tomohiro , Shibagaki Keigo , Hirao Keiichi , Yuza Takatoshi , Tomosugi Naohisa , Honda Hirokazu 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to confirm changes in biomarkers of erythropoiesis and iron metabolism and serum fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF-23) during darbepoetin-α treatment and then switching to the hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor roxadustat. A total of 28 patients on hemodialysis who received weekly doses of darbepoetin-α were switched to roxadustat. Biomarkers for erythropoiesis and iron metabolism and intact and C-terminal FGF-23 were measured in blood samples collected before the HD session on days − 7 (darbepoetin-α injection), − 4, and − 2, and days 0 (switch to roxadustat treatment, three times weekly), 3, 5, 7, 14, 21, and 28. Erythropoietin and erythroferrone levels were elevated on day − 4 by darbepoetin-α injection and decreased to baseline levels at day 0. Levels of erythropoietin were not significantly increased by roxadustat supplementation, but erythroferrone levels were continuously elevated, similar to darbepoetin-α treatment. Hepcidin-25 and total iron binding capacity were significantly decreased or increased in patients treated with roxadustat compared with darbepoetin-α. Changes of intact and C-terminal FGF-23 levels were parallel to changes of phosphate levels during roxadustat treatment. However, the actual and percentage changes of intact FGF-23 and C-terminal FGF-23 in patients with low ferritin levels were greater than those in patients with high ferritin levels. Roxadustat might stimulate erythropoiesis by increasing iron usage through hepcidin-25, which was suppressed by erythroferrone in the physiological erythropoietin condition. Changes of intact FGF-23 and C-terminal FGF-23 levels might be affected by roxadustat in patients on hemodialysis, especially those with a low-iron condition.
MacroH2A histone variants modulate enhancer activity to repress oncogenic programs and cellular reprogramming
Authors: Mohammed Ismail Wazim , Mazzone Amelia , Ghiraldini Flavia G. , Kaur Jagneet , Bains Manvir , Munankarmy Amik , Bagwell Monique S. , Safgren Stephanie L. , Moore-Weiss John , Buciuc Marina , Shimp Lynzie , Leach Kelsey A. , Duarte Luis F. , Nagi Chandandeep S. , Carcamo Saul , Chung Chi-Yeh , Hasson Dan , Dadgar Neda , Zhong Jian , Lee Jeong-Heon , Couch Fergus J. , Revzin Alexander , Ordog Tamas , Bernstein Emily , Gaspar-Maia Alexandre 
Published: February 2023

AbstractConsiderable efforts have been made to characterize active enhancer elements, which can be annotated by accessible chromatin and H3 lysine 27 acetylation (H3K27ac). However, apart from poised enhancers that are observed in early stages of development and putative silencers, the functional significance ofcis-regulatory elements lacking H3K27ac is poorly understood. Here we show that macroH2A histone variants mark a subset of enhancers in normal and cancer cells, which we coined ‘macro-Bound Enhancers’, that modulate enhancer activity. We find macroH2A variants localized at enhancer elements that are devoid of H3K27ac in a cell type-specific manner, indicating a role for macroH2A at inactive enhancers to maintain cell identity. In following, reactivation of macro-bound enhancers is associated with oncogenic programs in breast cancer and their repressive role is correlated with the activity of macroH2A2 as a negative regulator of BRD4 chromatin occupancy. Finally, through single cell epigenomic profiling of normal mammary stem cells derived from mice, we show that macroH2A deficiency facilitates increased activity of transcription factors associated with stem cell activity.
Flavonoid derivative DMXAA attenuates cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury independent of STING signaling
Authors: Lu Lingling , Liu Weihua , Li Shumin , Bai Mi , Zhou Yu , Jiang Zhaohui , Jia Zhanjun , Huang Songming , Zhang Aihua , Gong Wei 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity is the main adverse effect of cisplatin-based chemotherapy and highly limits its clinical use. DMXAA, a flavonoid derivative, is a promising vascular disrupting agent and known as an agonist of STING. Although cGAS-STING activation has been demonstrated to mediate cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury (AKI), the role of DMXAA in this condition is unclear. Here, we defined an unexpected and critical role of DMXAA in improving renal function, ameliorating renal tubular injury and cell apoptosis, and suppressing inflammation in cisplatin-induced AKI. Moreover, we confirmed that DMXAA combated AKI in a STING-independent manner, as evidenced by its protective effect in STING global knockout mice subjected to cisplatin. Furthermore, we compared the role of DMXAA with another STING agonist SR717 in cisplatin-treated mice and found that DMXAA but not SR717 protected animals against AKI. To better evaluate the role of DMXAA, we performed transcriptome analyses and observed that both inflammatory and metabolic pathways were altered by DMXAA treatment. Due to the established role of metabolic disorders in AKI, which contributes to kidney injury and recovery, we also performed metabolomics using kidney tissues from cisplatin-induced AKI mice with or without DMXAA treatment. Strikingly, our results revealed that DMXAA improved the metabolic disorders in kidneys of AKI mice, especially regulated the tryptophan metabolism. Collectively, therapeutic administration of DMXAA ameliorates cisplatin-induced AKI independent of STING, suggesting a promising potential for preventing nephrotoxicity induced by cisplatin-based chemotherapy.
ALMA ACA study of the H2S/OCS ratio in low-mass protostars
Authors: Kushwahaa Tanya , Drozdovskaya Maria N. , Tychoniec Łukasz , Tabone Benoît 
Published: February 2023

Context. The identification of the main sulfur reservoir on its way from the diffuse interstellar medium to the cold dense star-forming cores and, ultimately, to protostars is a long-standing problem. Despite sulfur’s astrochemical relevance, the abundance of S-bearing molecules in dense cores and regions around protostars is still insufficiently constrained.
Aims. The goal of this investigation is to derive the gas-phase H2S/OCS ratio for several low-mass protostars, which could provide crucial information about the physical and chemical conditions in the birth cloud of Sun-like stars. This may also shed new light onto the main sulfur reservoir in low-mass star-forming systems.
Methods. Using Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) Atacama Compact Array (ACA) Band 6 observations, we searched for H2S, OCS, and their isotopologs in ten Class 0/I protostars with different source properties such as age, mass, and environmental conditions. The sample contains IRAS 16293-2422 A, IRAS 16293-2422 B, NGC 1333-IRAS 4A, RCrA IRS7B, Per-B1-c, BHR71-IRS1, Per-emb-25, NGC 1333-IRAS4B, Ser-SMM3, and TMC1. A local thermal equilibrium (LTE) model is used to fit synthetic spectra to the detected lines and to derive the column densities based solely on optically thin lines.
Results. The H2S and OCS column densities span four orders of magnitude across the sample. The H2S/OCS ratio is found to be in the range from 0.2 to above 9.7. IRAS 16293-2422 A and Ser-SMM3 have the lowest ratio, while BHR71-IRS1 has the highest. Only the H2S/OCS ratio of BHR71-IRS1 is in agreement with the ratio in comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko within the uncertainties.
Conclusions. The determined gas-phase H2S/OCS ratios can be below the upper limits on the solid-state ratios by as much as one order of magnitude. The H2S/OCS ratio depends in great measure on the environment of the birth cloud, such as UV-irradiation and heating received prior to the formation of a protostar. The highly isolated birth environment (a Bok globule) of BHR71-IRS1 is hypothesized as the reason for its high gaseous H2S/OCS ratio that is due to lower rates of photoreactions and more efficient hydrogenation reactions under such dark, cold conditions. The gaseous inventory of S-bearing molecules in BHR71-IRS1 appears to be the most similar to that of interstellar ices.
Excited states and photodissociation mechanism of HMgNC and HMgCN
Authors: Trabelsi T. , Sghaier O. , Ferjani H. , Francisco J. S. 
Published: February 2023

Context. The complexes HMgNC, MgNC, and MgCN were previously detected in the outer shells of the star IRC+10216 and were thought to be formed through radiative association of Mg+ and cyanopolyynes followed by dissociative recombination. The presence of these species in the outer shells of IRC+10216 consequently provoked a question regarding whether HMgNC could be an astronomical reservoir of MgNC and MgCN.
Aims. The aim of this study is to investigate the evolution of the lowest singlet and triplet excited states for HMgNC and HMgCN along the MgH, MgC, and MgN stretching coordinates. Additionally, the vertical excitation energies, photoabsorption cross section, and oscillator strengths of the lowest electronic singlet states are calculated.
Methods. Coupled cluster quantum chemistry methods were used to calculate the equilibrium electronic structure. Multi-reference methods were then used to characterize the photochemical pathways of the excited electronic states and simulate the electronic absorption spectrum.
Results. HMgNC and HMgCN are thermodynamically stable relative to the first dissociation limit and photostable in the near-ultraviolet–visible region (λ > 220 nm). Both isomers strongly absorb in the 170 nm < λ < 200 nm range and may produce MgNC and MgCN in their first excited state (A2Π). This process competes with the photoproduction of MgH and CN. The photodissociation to produce MgNC and MgCN in their ground states is not a plausible mechanism.
JWST high-redshift galaxy constraints on warm and cold dark matter models
Authors: Maio Umberto , Viel Matteo 
Published: February 2023

Context. Warm dark matter is a possible alternative to cold dark matter to explain cosmological structure formation.
Aims. We study the implications of the latest JWST data on the nature of dark matter.
Methods. We compare properties of high-redshift galaxies observed by JWST with hydrodynamical simulations, in the standard cold dark matter model and in warm dark matter models with a suppressed linear matter power spectrum
Results. We find that current data are neither in tension with cold dark matter nor with warm dark matter models with mWDM >  2 keV, since they probe bright and rare objects whose physical properties are similar in the different scenarios.
Conclusions. We also show how two observables, the galaxy luminosity functions and the galaxy correlation function at small scales of faint objects, can be promising tools for discriminating between the different dark-matter scenarios. Further hints may come from early stellar-mass statistics and galaxy CO emission.
Nos sœurs les plantes, une pensée interdisciplinaire pour aborder le vivant en termes de parenté
Authors: Grésillon Étienne , Bouteau François , Chartier Denis , Laurenti Patrick 
Published: February 2023

La classification phylogénétique a mis fin à la distinction ontologique et scientifique entre les animaux et les plantes. Elle remet en question la partition entre ces deux règnes et réfute la thèse aristotélicienne dissociant les humains, les animaux et les plantes. « Les plantes nos sœurs » permet ici une réflexion sur le patrimoine biologique commun entre les animaux (humain compris) et les plantes. Pour comprendre ce qui relie les vivants, nous souhaitons apporter ici une pensée hybride combinant sciences de la vie et sciences humaines. Il s’agit, au moyen d’une approche interdisciplinaire, d’associer le développement de la phylogénie et des récentes découvertes sur le végétal, de présenter ce que les parcours évolutifs de l’animal et du végétal ont de commun ainsi que de comprendre les freins socioculturels liés à l’héritage aristotélicien et judéo-chrétien qui ont empêché de penser le vivant comme une parentèle. Les données récentes sur la « neurobiologie végétale » relancent une réflexion autour de ce qui est partagé entre les animaux et les plantes (sensibilité, capacité d’apprentissage, comportement, agentivité). Dans ce contexte, une vision de l’humain détaché des autres espèces n’est plus tenable. La vie des uns ne peut pas être déconnectée de la vie des autres.
Traumatische tracheobronchiale Verletzungen – Empfehlung der interdisziplinären Arbeitsgruppe der DGT und DGU zur Etablierung einer einheitlichen Klassifikation für Diagnostik
und Therapie
Authors: Kalverkamp Sebastian , Störmann Philipp , Graeff Pascal , Raab Stephan 
Published: February 2023

ZusammenfassungTraumatische tracheobronchiale Verletzungen stellen eine extrem seltene Entität dar. Im Vergleich dazu etwas häufiger sind iatrogene Verletzungen. Eine Literaturrecherche ergab, dass es für
dieses Krankheitsbild eine Vielzahl von Case Reports und Kleinserienvorstellungen gibt. Übersichtsarbeiten sind kaum vorhanden und weisen dann i. d. R. einen geringen Evidenzgrad auf. Eine
Ursache hierfür ist das Fehlen einer Klassifikation, um die einzelnen Verletzungen miteinander vergleichen zu können. Lediglich für iatrogene Verletzungen der trachealen Hinterwand gibt es
eine Klassifikation, die von den Autoren im Hinblick auf traumatische Tracheobronchialverletzungen modifiziert und erweitert wurde. Diese Klassifikation wurde von den Autoren erweitert, um
auch traumatische Verletzungen miteinzubeziehen. Es wird hier eine 3-stellige Klassifikation vorgestellt. Die Graduierung der Verletzung bildet vom peribronchialen Emphysem über die
unterschiedlich tiefen Wandverletzungen bis zum subtotalen und kompletten Bronchusabriss das gesamte Spektrum der Verletzungsmuster ab. Zusätzlich wurden in der Klassifikation die
anatomische Lage und die Ursache der Verletzung hinzugefügt. Anatomisch wird die Höhe der Verletzungen im Tracheobronchialbaum unterschieden. Die 3. Stelle unterscheidet traumatisch,
iatrogen und spontan. Aufgrund der sich aus diesen Parametern ergebenden 3-stelligen Klassifikation ist es möglich, einzelne Fälle in Gruppen zusammenzufügen und daraus Empfehlungen für
Diagnostik und Therapie zu entwickeln.
Development of New Reactions Driven by N–O Bond Cleavage: from O-Acyl Hydroxylamines to Tetrodotoxin
Authors: Johnson Jeffrey S. , Robins Jacob G. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis Account describes new reactions that have been developed in the Johnson laboratories at UNC Chapel Hill enabled by considerations of N–O bond cleavage. Three main case studies are highlighted: the metal-catalyzed electrophilic amination of O-acyl hydroxyl amines, multihetero-Cope rearrangements driven by O–N bond breakage, and merged dearomatization/N=O cycloadditions for the synthesis of complex 4-aminocyclohexanols such as those found in the natural product tetrodotoxin.1	Introduction2	Electrophilic Amination3	Multihetero-Cope Rearrangements4	Progress toward a Total Synthesis of (–)-Tetrodotoxin5	Conclusion
A Study on the Impact of Diabetes Mellitus on the Severity of COVID-19-Associated Mucormycosis
Authors: Madan Siddharth , Dutta Shelly , Yadav Rekha , Rohatgi Jolly , Bajaj Ishita , Tadu Nampi , Sharma Rahul , Das Gopal Krushna , Sahu Pramod Kumar , Gupta Neelima 
Published: February 2023

Objectives:
Diabetes mellitus (DM) seems the most common predisposing factor for rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis (ROCM). This study aimed to study the impact of DM on the severity of COVID-19-associated ROCM (CAM).

Methods:
This was a retrospective analytical study performed over a period of 3 months to assess the impact of DM on the severity of CAM in 100 patients and association of clinical correlates of DM with severity of CAM.

Statistical analysis:
The data collected using the study tools were converted into a computer-based spreadsheet and analyzed. The statistical analysis comprised a descriptive analysis that involved calculating means, standard deviations, and proportions. For calculating the significance of the difference of mean between two groups, Student's t-test was applied. In addition, chi-square test (or Fisher's t-test if applicable) was applied to study the significance of association of clinical correlates of DM with severity of CAM for categorical variables and t-test for continuous variables.

Results:
The prevalence of DM was 67%. The average presenting blood sugar level was 245.9 ± 99.86 mg%. Glycated hemoglobin level between 4.5 and 6.5% was observed in 57 patients and over 6.5% in 43 subjects. A high body mass index (BMI) of 25 and above was noted in 52 patients. A significantly higher level of presenting blood sugar and a longer duration of hospital stay was noted in patients having stage 3b or higher (p < 0.05) when compared with those having stage 3a or below. No significant correlation was observed in patients in stage 3a or below and those presenting with stage 3b or higher in terms of BMI, waist to hip ratio, or total cholesterol levels. There was a strong correlation between blood sugar level at presentation, severity of DM with the severity of ROCM, and a strong inverse correlation noted between HDL level and severity of ROCM.

Conclusion:
A poor metabolic control is associated with a higher risk of a severe disease with intracranial involvement.