bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Informal caregiver training for people with chronic pain in musculoskeletal services (JOINT SUPPORT): protocol for a feasibility randomised controlled trial
Authors: Smith Toby , Khoury Reema , Ashford Polly-Anna , Hanson Sarah , Welsh Allie , Clark Allan B , Dures Emma , Adams Jo 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionChronic musculoskeletal (bone, joint or muscle) pain is disabling. People with it frequently have difficulties in managing everyday activities. Individuals may rely on family members or friends to support them. These people are known as informal caregivers. No interventions have previously addressed the health needs of people with chronic musculoskeletal pain and their caregivers. In response, the JOINT SUPPORT programme was developed. In this study, we will assess the feasibility and acceptability of conducting a pragmatic, multicentre, randomised controlled trial (RCT) to test the clinical and cost-effectiveness of the JOINT SUPPORT programme to support these individuals.Methods and analysisThis will be a mixed-methods feasibility RCT. We will recruit 80 patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain with their informal caregivers. Patients will be randomised to usual National Health Service (NHS) careORusual NHS care plus a caregiver–patient dyad training programme (JOINT SUPPORT). This programme comprises of five, 1-hour, group-based sessions for patients and caregivers, delivered by trained physiotherapists or occupational therapists. It includes developing skills in: understanding pain, pacing, graded activity, fear avoidance and goal-setting, understanding benefits of physical activity and skills in medication management. This will be re-enforced with a workbook. After the group-based sessions, patients and caregivers will be supported through three telephone sessions with a therapist. Data collected at baseline and 3 months will include: screening logs, intervention logs, fidelity checklists and clinical outcomes on quality of life, physical and emotional outcomes, adverse events and resource use. Qualitative research with 24 patient–caregiver dyads and 12 healthcare professionals will explore the acceptability of trial processes. Stop–go criteria will inform the progression to a full trial.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval was obtained on 22 February 2022 (National Research Ethics Committee Number: 22/NW/0015). Results will be reported at conferences, peer-review publications and across social media channels.Trial registration numberISRCTN78169443.
How effectively has a Just Culture been adopted? A qualitative study to analyse the attitudes and behaviours of clinicians and managers to clinical incident management within an NHS Hospital Trust and identify enablers and barriers to achieving a Just Culture
Authors: Tasker Adam , Jones Julia , Brake Simon 
Published: January 2023

ObjectivesJust Culture aims to improve patient safety by examining the organisational and individual factors that contribute to adverse events, enabling corrective action so that errors are not repeated. This qualitative study aims to: (1) analyse whether the attitudes and behaviours of clinicians and managers are aligned with a Just Culture; (2) identify barriers and enablers to an organisation adopting a Just Culture.MethodologyThis qualitative study used interviews and observation of Trust meetings to elicit the attitudes and behaviours of staff. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 13 doctors of all grades, 5 medical students and 2 managers. Five meetings that reviewed clinical incidents and mortality were observed. This was done in a single Hospital Trust in the Midlands, England. Data were thematically analysed using directed and inductive approaches.ResultsThere is evidence of a fair incident management process within the Trust; however, there was no agreed vision of a Just Culture and the majority of the staff were unfamiliar with the term. Negative perspectives relating to clinical incidents and their management persist among staff with many having insecurities regarding being the subject of an investigation and doubts about whether they drive improvement.ConclusionThis paper examines the significance of these findings and provides recommendations which may have application within other healthcare organisations. Major recommendations include (1) Just Culture: define an agreed vision of what Just Culture means to the Trust; (2) investigations: introduce incident management familiarisation training; (3) Learning Culture: increase face-to-face communication of outcomes of investigations and incident review; (4) investigators: establish an incident investigation team to improve the timeliness and consistency of investigations and the communication and implementation of outcomes.
Routine measurement of patient experience
Authors: Benson Tim , Benson Alex 
Published: January 2023

Patient experience is a key pillar of healthcare quality. We describe a framework of three short generic measures covering Patient Experience, Result Satisfaction and Service Integration. The Result Satisfaction measure is described for the first time.These measures capture twelve aspects of patient experience covering the relationship between patients and clinicians (Patient Experience), the immediate results of the consultation or treatment as perceived by patients (Result Satisfaction) and collaboration between different healthcare services and silos (Service Integration). Each measure has four items.These measures are compared with three national measures: the Friends and Family Test and the General Practice Patient Survey used in England, and HCAHPS used in US hospitals. The expected benefits of national measures are not being achieved and we need to think again about how best to tailor health services to meet patients’ expectations.The three measures described (Patient Experience, Result Satisfaction and Service Integration) are generic, short and have low reading ages. They share common forms and scoring schemes, which mean that they can be used individually or in combination at all levels of a healthcare provider.
JAG consensus statements for training and certification in colonoscopy
Authors: Siau Keith , Pelitari Stavroula , Green Susi , McKaig Brian , Rajendran Arun , Feeney Mark , Thoufeeq Mo , Anderson John , Ravindran Vathsan , Hagan Paul , Cripps Neil , Beales Ian L P , Church Karen , Church Nicholas I , Ratcliffe Elizabeth , Din Said , Pullan Rupert D , Powell Sharon , Regan Catherine , Ngu Wee Sing , Wood Eleanor , Mills Sarah , Hawkes Neil , Dunckley Paul , Iacucci Marietta , Thomas-Gibson Siwan , Wells Christopher , Murugananthan Aravinth 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionIn the UK, endoscopy certification is awarded when trainees attain minimum competency standards for independent practice. A national evidence-based review was undertaken to update and develop standards and recommendations for colonoscopy training and certification.MethodsUnder the oversight of the Joint Advisory Group (JAG), a modified Delphi process was conducted between 2019 and 2020 with multisociety expert representation. Following literature review and Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations appraisal, recommendation statements on colonoscopy training and certification were formulated and subjected to anonymous voting to obtain consensus. Accepted statements were peer reviewed by JAG and relevant stakeholders for incorporation into the updated colonoscopy certification pathway.ResultsIn total, 45 recommendation statements were generated under the domains of: definition of competence (13), acquisition of competence (20), assessment of competence (8) and postcertification support (4). The consensus process led to revised criteria for colonoscopy certification, comprising: (1) achieving key performance indicators defined within British Society of Gastroenterology standards (ie, unassisted caecal intubation rate >90%, rectal retroversion >90%, polyp detection rate >15%+, polyp retrieval rate >90%, patient comfort <10% with moderate–severe discomfort); (2) minimum procedure count 280+; (3) performing 15+ procedures over the preceding 3 months; (4) attendance of the JAG Basic Skills in Colonoscopy course; (5) terminal ileal intubation rates of 60%+ in inflammatory bowel disease; (6) satisfying requirements for formative direct observation of procedure skills (DOPS) and direct observation of polypectomy skills (Size, Morphology, Site, Access (SMSA) level 2); (7) evidence of reflective practice as documented on the JAG Endoscopy Training System reflection tool; (8) successful performance in summative DOPS.ConclusionThe UK standards for training and certification in colonoscopy have been updated, culminating in a single-stage certification process with emphasis on polypectomy competency (SMSA Level 2+). These standards are intended to support training, improve standards of colonoscopy and polypectomy, and provide support to the newly independent practitioner.
Rationale and design of a randomised double-blind 2×2 factorial trial comparing the effect of a 3-month intensive statin and antiplatelet therapy for patients with acute mild ischaemic stroke or high-risk TIA with intracranial or extracranial atherosclerosis (INSPIRES)
Authors: Gao Ying , Pan Yuesong , Han Shangrong , Chen Weiqi , Jing Jing , Wang Chunjuan , Yang Yingying , Wang Tingting , Meng Xia , Zhao Xingquan , Liu Liping , Li Hao , Johnston S Claiborne , Amarenco Pierre , Bath Philip M , Wang Yongjun , Wang Yilong 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundIt remains unclear if intensive antiplatelet and statin treatments begun within 24–72 hours of cerebral ischaemic events from intracranial or extracranial atherosclerosis is effective or safe.MethodsThe Intensive Statin and Antiplatelet Therapy for High-risk Intracranial or Extracranial Atherosclerosis (INSPIRES) trial is a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre and 2×2 factorial trial. 6100 individuals between the ages of 35 and 80 who have experienced a mild ischaemic stroke or high-risk transient ischaemic attack (TIA) within the previous 72 hours that is attributed to ≥50% atherosclerotic stenosis of a major intracranial or extracranial artery or multiple infarctions of atherosclerotic origin will be enrolled in the trial. Eligible subjects will be randomised 1:1:1:1 to one of four groups: (1) intensive antiplatelet therapy (combined clopidogrel and aspirin for days 1–21, then aspirin placebo and clopidogrel for days 22–90) plus immediate intensive statin therapy(atorvastatin at a dose of 80 mg daily for the first 21 days, then 40 mg daily for days 22–90); (2) intensive antiplatelet therapy plus delayed intensive statin therapy (atorvastatin placebo for days 1–3, followed by 40 mg per day of atorvastatin for days 4–90); (3) standard antiplatelet therapy (combination of clopidogrel placebo with aspirin for 90 days) plus immediate intensive statin therapy and (4) standard antiplatelet therapy plus delayed intensive statin therapy. The primary efficacy endpoint is any new stroke (ischaemic or haemorrhagic) within 90 days after randomisation. The primary safety endpoint is moderate to severe bleeding at 90 days.ConclusionThe INSPIRES trial will assess the efficacy and safety of intensive antiplatelet therapy and immediate intensive statin therapy begun within 72 hours of onset in decreasing the recurrent stroke at 90 days in patients with acute mild ischaemic stroke or high-risk TIA of intracranial or extracranial atherosclerosis origin.Trial registration numberNCT03635749.
Study on Postfrac Softening Mechanism of Deep Marine Shale Reservoir in South Sichuan Basin
Authors: Xiaojin Zhou , Yonggang Duan , XiaoPing He , Bo Zeng , Yi Song 
Published: January 2023

Shale softening is an important factor affecting fracturing effect. Through the Brinell hardness measurement of deep marine shale reservoir in South Sichuan Basin, the softening mechanism of shale after fracturing is explored. Through laboratory test, the key parameters of shale Brinell hardness measurement are proposed as follows: indenter size 5 mm, loading force 613 N, 1226 N, and 2452 N, and holding

time
>
10

s

. It is determined that the content of quartz and clay is the main factor controlling the Brinell hardness of dry shale samples, and the mineral composition, microstructure, and fluid system jointly affect the shale softening process. The results show that (1) the marine shale in the South Sichuan Basin softens obviously, with the Brinell hardness decrease by more than 50%, (2) microfracture propagation and clay hydration expansion accelerate the shale softening process, leading to the decreased porosity and the increased number of micro-pores, and (3) the softening process is different between middeep shale and deep shale, with the latter characterized by high initial hardness and low softening rate.
Unravelling the stomach contents of fish and crab species from Cananéia, São Paulo: Are they eating plastic?
Authors: Gonçalves Geslaine Rafaela Lemos , Sousa Aline Nonato , Wolf Milena Regina , Soares Isabel Matos , Castilho Antonio Leão 
Published: January 2023

Plastic pollution represents a threat to marine ecosystems and has therefore been gaining space in the realm of public interest. In this study, we investigated the ingestion of food and non-food items (i.e., plastic particles) by fish and crabs. These animals are commonly collected by trawling with a double-ring net along the coast of Cananéia, state of São Paulo, Brazil; some of them are consumed as food by the local population. Fish and crab stomachs were removed and dissected, and their contents were examined under a stereoscopic microscope with an image-capturing system. The presence or absence of plastic was also registered. We examined 139 specimens of 16 fish species and 143 specimens of four crab species. The most frequent food items found in fish were unidentified food, followed by crustaceans, molluscs, polychaetes, and other fish; in crabs, the items were unidentified food, followed by crustaceans, molluscs and fish. Plastic particles were found in all fish species, representing 47.5% of the individuals analysed. In crabs, the incidence of plastic was lower, occurring in only two species (5% in Callinectes danae and 3% in C. ornatus). Only four fish species analysed had previous records of plastic ingestion in the scientific literature. The high incidence of microplastics in our study is worrying because they negatively affect the animals’ lives and can be transferred through the tropic web to top predators, including humans, through the ingestion of contaminated animals.
Behavior and nest architecture of the bee Caenohalictus alexandrei (Hymenoptera, Halictinae)
Authors: Celis Cindy Julieth , Aguilar-Benavides Marlene Lucia , Cure José Ricardo 
Published: January 2023

In Colombia, few studies have focused on nest architecture, behavior or sociality of wild bees. This study provides basic information on the nests of Caenohalictus alexandrei and presents behavioral observations outside the nests, derived from direct field observation of 40 nests and 39 male sleeping cavities in two localities of the Savanna of Bogota, Colombia. We recognized four different behavioral activities carried out by adult females: foraging, guarding, opening and closing of the entrance of the nest, with foraging being the most frequent of them. The observed activities were carried out more frequently from 9:00 h to 13:00 h. Males were observed performing two behavioral activities in the sleeping cavities: staying at the cavity entrance and cavity departure. A third male activity, corporal grooming, was carried out outside the sleeping cavity. Our field observations indicate that more than one adult female was active simultaneously performing the different tasks within a single nest. The nests presented different levels of complexity in their architecture, depending on the age of the nest and number of adult females in them. Descriptions of the nesting sites and behavioral activities as well as illustrations of the nest architecture are provided.
A new synonymy in Anisopodus White (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae, Acanthocinini)
Authors: Santos-Silva Antonio , Nascimento Francisco Eriberto de Lima , Mejlon Hans 
Published: January 2023

Anisopodus subarmatus Melzer, 1931 is synonymized with A. jaculus (Gyllenhal, 1817) and a discussion about the type-locality of the latter is provided. Photographs of the lectotype of the former and of the holotype of the latter are provided.
How Was It for You? Qualitative Observational Methods to Assess the Experiential Value of Two Immersive Augmented Reality Stories: A Case Study
Authors: Jefferies Liam Noah 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Immersive storytelling using augmented reality is a well-established and widely researched practice with a growing body of literature spanning the last two decades in which researchers from various fields apply this technology to cultural spaces. Despite this, the methodologies used to assess the efficacy of these applications—even defined measures of what constitutes success—remain disparate and often aligned to the field from which they originated—these being HCI, Visitor Studies, and New Media Art. The form these interventions take and the modes of storytelling they employ is steadily diversifying alongside theories and definitions of what constitutes a story. In this context of divergence, a reimagination of the methods researchers use to evaluate and assess their projects would be useful to ensure the nuances of the engaged experience and the value it offers to audiences can be captured. This paper proposes a methodological approach, seeking to enable the evaluation of experiential value. This methodological approach is then applied to two augmented reality immersive stories, created by the author, the first an educational, linear narrative and the second a nonlinear narrative artwork. Using primarily qualitative narrative observation, participant interactions with both projects are explored, testing the application of experiential value as a measure and interrogating the chosen methodology's ability to capture it.
Enhancer remodeling drives MLL oncogene-dependent transcriptional dysregulation in leukemia stem cells
Authors: Pan Feng , Iwasaki Masayuki , Wu Wenqi , Jiang Yanan , Yang Xin , Zhu Li , Zhao Zhigang , Cleary Michael L. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with mixed-lineage leukemia (MLL) gene rearrangement (MLLr) comprises a cellular hierarchy in which a subpopulation of cells serves as functional leukemia stem cells (LSCs). They are maintained by a unique gene expression program and chromatin states, which are thought to reflect the actions of enhancers. Here, we delineate the active enhancer landscape and observe pervasive enhancer malfunction in LSCs. Reconstruction of regulatory networks revealed a master set of hematopoietic transcription factors. We show that EP300 is an essential transcriptional coregulator for maintaining LSC oncogenic potential because it controls essential gene expression through modulation of H3K27 acetylation and assessments of transcription factor dependencies. Moreover, the EP300 inhibitor A-485 affects LSC growth by targeting enhancer activity via histone acetyltransferase domain inhibition. Together, these data implicate a perturbed MLLr-specific enhancer accessibility landscape, suggesting the possibility for disruption of the LSC enhancer regulatory axis as a promising therapeutic strategy in AML.
Deciphering evolutionary dynamics of WRKY genes in Arachis species
Authors: Chen Mingwei , Li Meiran , Zhao Longgang , Song Hui 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea), a progeny of the cross between A. duranensis and A. ipaensis, is an important oil and protein crop from South America. To date, at least six Arachis genomes have been sequenced. WRKY transcription factors (TFs) play crucial roles in plant growth, development, and response to abiotic and biotic stresses. WRKY TFs have been identified in A. duranensis, A. ipaensis, and A. hypogaea cv. Tifrunner; however, variations in their number and evolutionary patterns across various Arachis spp. remain unclear.

Results
WRKY TFs were identified and compared across different Arachis species, including A. duranensis, A. ipaensis, A. monticola, A. hypogaea cultivars (cv.) Fuhuasheng, A. hypogaea cv. Shitouqi, and A. hypogaea cv. Tifrunner. The results showed that the WRKY TFs underwent dynamic equilibrium between diploid and tetraploid peanut species, characterized by the loss of old WRKY TFs and retention of the new ones. Notably, cultivated peanuts inherited more conserved WRKY orthologs from wild tetraploid peanuts than their wild diploid donors. Analysis of the W-box elements and protein–protein interactions revealed that different domestication processes affected WRKY evolution across cultivated peanut varieties. WRKY TFs of A. hypogaea cv. Fuhuasheng and Shitouqi exhibited a similar domestication process, while those of cv. Tifrunner of the same species underwent a different domestication process based on protein–protein interaction analysis.

Conclusions
This study provides new insights into the evolution of WRKY TFs in Arachis spp.
Towards full clinical trial registration and results publication: longitudinal meta-research study in Northwestern and Central Switzerland
Authors: Klatte Katharina , Sluka Constantin , Gloy Viktoria , Heravi Ala Taji , Schönenberger Christof , Jones Nienke , Brunnschweiler Elena , Pauli-Magnus Christiane , Briel Matthias 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Objective
The registration of clinical trials is required by law in Switzerland. We investigated (1) the proportion of registered and prospectively registered clinical trials, (2) the availability of results for ethically approved trial protocols, (3) factors associated with increased registration, and (4) reasons for non-registration.

Design and setting
We included all clinical trials with mandatory prospective registration, which were approved by the ethics committee of Northwestern and Central Switzerland between January 1, 2016, and December 31, 2020.

Methods
We extracted relevant trial characteristics from the Swiss Business Administration System for Ethics Committees and systematically searched the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform and primary trial registries for corresponding registry entries. We used multivariable logistic regression to examine the association between trial characteristics and registration. We qualitatively assessed reasons for non-registration of trials through an email questionnaire for trial investigators.

Results
Of 473 included clinical trials, 432 (91%) were registered at all and 326 (69%) were prospectively registered. While the percentages of registration and prospective registration of investigator-sponsored trials increased from 85 to 93% and from 59 to 70% over 5 years, respectively, industry-sponsored trials consistently remained at a high level of prospective registration (92 to 100%). Trials with multiple centres, higher risk category, or methodological support from the local clinical trials unit were independently associated with increased registration rates. Of 103 clinical trials completed before August 2020, results were available for 70% of industry-sponsored trials and 45% of investigator-sponsored trials as peer-reviewed journal publications or in trial registries. Most common reasons for non-registration provided by investigators were lack of time or resources (53%), lack of knowledge (22%), and lack of reminders by the ethics committee (36%).

Conclusions
In Northwestern and Central Switzerland about 10% of clinical trials remained unregistered despite the obligation by law. More support for investigators and stricter enforcement by regulators are needed to improve the transparency of investigator-sponsored trials in particular.