bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The prognostic value of radiomic features from pre- and post-treatment 18F-FDG PET imaging in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Kim Soo Jeong , Choi Joon Young , Ahn Yong Chan , Ahn Myung-Ju , Moon Seung Hwan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPositron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) with18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) is widely used for management of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Combining the radiomic features of pre- and post-treatment FDG PET images may improve tumor characterization and prognostic predication. We investigated prognostic value of radiomic features from pre- and post-radiotherapy FDG PET images in patients with NPC. Quantitative radiomic features of primary tumors were extracted from the FDG PET images of 145 NPC patients and the delta values were also calculated. The study population was divided randomly into two groups, the training and test sets (7:3). A random survival forest (RSF) model was adopted to perform analyses of progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). There were 37 (25.5%) cases of recurrence and 16 (11.0%) cases of death during a median follow-up period of 54.5 months. Both RSF models with clinical variables and radiomic PET features for PFS and OS showed comparable predictive performance to RSF models with clinical variables and conventional PET parameters. Tumoral radiomic features of pre- and post-treatment FDG PET and the corresponding delta values may predict PFS and OS in patients with NPC.
Sex differences in VTA GABA transmission and plasticity during opioid withdrawal
Authors: Kalamarides Daniel J. , Singh Aditi , Wolfman Shannon L. , Dani John A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe effectiveness of current treatments for opioid use disorder (OUD) varies by sex. Our understanding of the neurobiological mechanisms mediating negative states during withdrawal is lacking, particularly with regard to sex differences. Based on preclinical research in male subjects, opioid withdrawal is accompanied by increased gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) release probability at synapses onto dopamine neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA). It is unclear, however, if the physiological consequences of morphine that were originally elucidated in male rodents extend to females. The effects of morphine on the induction of future synaptic plasticity are also unknown. Here, we show that inhibitory synaptic long-term potentiation (LTPGABA) is occluded in the VTA in male mice after repeated morphine injections and 1 day of withdrawal, while morphine-treated female mice maintain the ability to evoke LTPGABA and have basal GABA activity similar to controls. Our observation of this physiological difference between male and female mice connects previous reports of sex differences in areas upstream and downstream of the GABA-dopamine synapse in the VTA during opioid withdrawal. The sex differences highlight the mechanistic distinctions between males and females that can be targeted when designing and implementing treatments for OUD.
Spinal muscular atrophy-like phenotype in a mouse model of acid ceramidase deficiency
Authors: Nagree Murtaza S. , Rybova Jitka , Kleynerman Annie , Ahrenhoerster Carissa J. , Saville Jennifer T. , Xu TianMeng , Bachochin Maxwell , McKillop William M. , Lawlor Michael W. , Pshezhetsky Alexey V. , Isaeva Olena , Budde Matthew D. , Fuller Maria , Medin Jeffrey A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMutations inASAH1have been linked to two allegedly distinct disorders: Farber disease (FD) and spinal muscular atrophy with progressive myoclonic epilepsy (SMA-PME). We have previously reported FD-like phenotypes in mice harboring a single amino acid substitution in acid ceramidase (ACDase), P361R, known to be pathogenic in humans (P361R-Farber). Here we describe a mouse model with an SMA-PME-like phenotype (P361R-SMA). P361R-SMA mice live 2-3-times longer than P361R-Farber mice and have different phenotypes including progressive ataxia and bladder dysfunction, which suggests neurological dysfunction. We found profound demyelination, loss of axons, and altered sphingolipid levels in P361R-SMA spinal cords; severe pathology was restricted to the white matter. Our model can serve as a tool to study the pathological effects of ACDase deficiency on the central nervous system and to evaluate potential therapies for SMA-PME.
Viewing life without labels under optical microscopes
Authors: Ghosh Biswajoy , Agarwal Krishna 
Published: May 2023

AbstractOptical microscopes today have pushed the limits of speed, quality, and observable space in biological specimens revolutionizing how we view life today. Further, specific labeling of samples for imaging has provided insight into how life functions. This enabled label-based microscopy to percolate and integrate into mainstream life science research. However, the use of labelfree microscopy has been mostly limited, resulting in testing for bio-application but not bio-integration. To enable bio-integration, such microscopes need to be evaluated for their timeliness to answer biological questions uniquely and establish a long-term growth prospect. The article presents key label-free optical microscopes and discusses their integrative potential in life science research for the unperturbed analysis of biological samples.
Sustainable development substantially reduces the risk of future drought impacts
Authors: Tabari Hossein , Willems Patrick 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDrought is a major natural hazard that can cause cascading impacts on socioeconomic sectors, and its risk is expected to increase under future climate change and socioeconomic developments. However, a comprehensive cross-disciplinary drought risk outlook is currently lacking to support integrative disaster risk reduction efforts. To address this gap, our analysis examines drought exposure, vulnerability, and risk towards the end of this century under four future pathways. The study identifies the Mediterranean, Amazon, southern Africa, and Central America as the most impacted regions where extreme multivariate drought is projected to become two to four times more likely. Our analysis also shows that sustainable development would reduce population exposure to drought by 70% compared to fossil-fueled development. Furthermore, it halves the number of countries facing a fivefold increase in drought risk. Our results underscore the critical need for a cross-disciplinary drought risk outlook and emphasize the importance of considering exposure and vulnerability for risk assessments.
On the outage probability of energy harvested cooperative multiuser cognitive NOMA network
Authors: Huang Haiyan , Shi Yujie , Liang Linlin , Zhang Xuejun , Wang Chunli 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis paper investigates a multiple users cooperative cognitive non‐orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) network with energy harvesting. Primary transmitter and secondary sources serving as energy‐constrained nodes harvest energy from the power beacon PBS. In primary network, primary transmitter sends signals towards primary receiver. In order to make full use of spectrum resources, the secondary network access the licensed spectrum of primary network with overlay mode, where the best secondary source with maximum transmission signal‐to‐noise ratio between primary transmitter and secondary sources act as relays to forward signal via NOMA principle. In this context, two cooperative transmission protocols, namely, traditional NOMA cooperative transmission and adaptive NOMA cooperative transmission are proposed. For NOMA cooperative transmission, relays use NOMA to forward the superimposed signal of primary signal and secondary signal without any constrain. However, for adaptive NOMA cooperative transmission, relays use NOMA by judging whether the transmission between primary transmitter and primary receiver is successful or not. Primary receiver merges signals received from two transmission slots by selection combining. Finally, exact and asymptotic outage probability of primary network and secondary network with two cooperative transmissions are derived and simulated. It is shown that outage performance is improved for the proposed adaptive NOMA cooperative transmission.
Incorporating public feedback in service restoration for electric distribution networks
Authors: Zhong Jun , Wang Caisheng , Xie Kaigui , Hu Bo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPower outages in urban area carry heavy social and economic costs. Although social cost, especially public sentiment, is concerned by engineers and managers, it has been only qualitatively investigated without a rigorous model in the state‐of‐the‐art research and practice of service restoration (SR) for a long time. To fill this gap, this paper investigates a hybrid model which takes public sentiment into consideration by quantifying public sentiment triggered by power outage. Furthermore, conventional SR method focused on the optimization model with ideal conditions, which leaves a large room for improvement in complex environment. To improve the robustness of the model, the authors propose a reinforcement learning framework to analyze emergency management process without prior rules. At each time step, the optimal decision can be made automatically by a learned model. The numerical simulations with modified IEEE 33‐bus and IEEE 123‐bus systems demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Self‐supervised depth completion with multi‐view geometric constraints
Authors: Xiong Mingkang , Zhang Zhenghong , Liu Jiyuan , Zhang Tao , Xiong Huilin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSelf‐supervised learning‐based depth completion is a cost‐effective way for 3D environment perception. However, it is also a challenging task because sparse depth may deactivate neural networks. In this paper, a novel Sparse‐Dense Depth Consistency Loss (SDDCL) is proposed to penalize not only the estimated depth map with sparse input points but also consecutive completed dense depth maps. Combined with the pose consistency loss, a new self‐supervised learning scheme is developed, using multi‐view geometric constraints, to achieve more accurate depth completion results. Moreover, to tackle the sparsity issue of input depth, a Quasi Dense Representations (QDR) module with triplet branches for spatial pyramid pooling is proposed to produce more dense feature maps. Extensive experimental results on VOID, NYUv2, and KITTI datasets show that the method outperforms state‐of‐the‐art self‐supervised depth completion methods.
A ROTEM-guided algorithm aimed to reduce blood product utilization during neonatal and infant cardiac surgery
Authors: Naguib Aymen N. , Carrillo Sergio A. , Corridore Marco , Bigelow Amee M. , Walczak Ashley , Tram Nguyen K. , Hersey Diane , Galantowicz Mark , Tobias Joseph D. 
Published: May 2023

Background: Neonates and infants undergoing cardiac surgery tend to receive high volumes of blood products. The use of rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM®) has been shown to reduce the administration of blood products in adults after cardiac surgery. We sought to develop a targeted administration of blood products based on ROTEM®to reduce blood product utilization during and after neonatal and infant cardiac surgery.Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of data from a single center for neonates and infants undergoing congenital cardiac surgery using cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) from September 2018-April 2019 (control group). Then, using a ROTEM®algorithm, we collected data prospectively between April-November 2021 (ROTEM group). Data collected included age, weight, gender, procedure, STAT score, CPB time, aortic cross-clamp time, volume, and type of blood products administered in the operating room and cardiothoracic intensive care unit (CTICU). In addition, ROTEM®data, coagulation profile in CTICU, chest tube output at 6 and 24 hours, use of factors concentrate, and thromboembolic complications were recorded.Results: The final cohort of patients included 28 patients in the control group and 40 patients in the ROTEM group. The cohort included neonates and infants undergoing the following procedures: arterial switch, aortic arch augmentation, Norwood procedure, and comprehensive stage II procedure. There were no differences in the demographics or procedure complexity between the two groups. Patients in the ROTEM®group received fewer platelets (36 ± 12 vs. 49 ± 27 mL/kg, p 0.028) and cryoprecipitate (8 ± 3 vs. 15 ± 10 mL/kg, p 0.001) intraoperatively when compared to the control group.Conclusion: The utilization of ROTEM®may have contributed to a significant reduction in some blood product administration during cardiac surgery for infants and neonates. ROTEM®data may play a role in reducing blood product administration in neonatal and infant cardiac surgery.
Messung der Körpertemperatur beim Schwein: Können Infrarotthermometer eine Alternative sein?
Authors: Koch Felicitas , Pieper Robert , Fischer-Tenhagen Carola 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungGegenstand und Ziel Die Körpertemperatur ist ein wichtiger Befund in der Beurteilung der Allgemeingesundheit von Tieren. Als „Goldstandard“ wird die Körperinnentemperatur rektal gemessen, was eine Fixierung der Tiere erfordert. Dies kann bei Tieren Stress erzeugen. Stress wird als Belastung der Tiere bewertet und kann zudem zu einer Erhöhung der Körpertemperatur führen. Ziel dieser Studie war es, die Messung der Körperoberflächentemperatur mit 2 Infrarotthermometern als alternative Messmethode zur rektalen Messung der Körperinnentemperatur zu prüfen.Material und Methoden In der Studie wurde bei 12 männlichen Mastschweinen über 11 Wochen einmal wöchentlich die Körperinnentemperatur mit einem Rektalthermometer und die Körperoberflächentemperatur mit 2 Infrarotthermometern (IRT1 und IRT2) je an Stirn, kaudaler Ohrbasis und Anus gemessen.Ergebnisse Im gesamten Untersuchungszeitraum blieben die Schweine klinisch gesund. Bei 10 kurz aufeinanderfolgenden Messungen hatten die mit dem Rektalthermometer und mit IRT1 am Anus gemessenen Werte die geringste Varianz. Es bestand keine Varianzhomogenität zwischen den Messwerten der 3 Thermometer. Der Vergleich der Thermometer und Messpunkte zeigte, dass die Mittelwerte der gemessenen Körpertemperatur sich signifikant unterschieden (p<0,05). Der Typ des Thermometers und die Messpunkte hatten einen mittleren bis starken Effekt auf die Werte. Das Bland-Altman-Diagramm zeigt, dass die Unterschiede der Werte der Thermometer und Messpunkte zwar im akzeptablen Schwankungsbereich liegen (95%-Intervall), für die klinische Beurteilung der Körpertemperatur der Schwankungsbereich aber zu groß ist.Schlussfolgerung Die Wiederholbarkeit der Messwerte mit IRT auf der Körperoberfläche von Schweinen ist akzeptabel. Die Korrelation zur rektal gemessenen Körperinnentemperatur ist allerding gering bis moderat.Klinische Relevanz Für die Verwendung von IRT zur Gesundheitsüberwachung ist es notwendig, klinische Referenzwerte für die einzelnen Messpunkte und Thermometertypen zu ermitteln. Ob hyper-oder hyothermische Ereignisse mit IRT erkannt werden, erfordert weitere Untersuchungen.
Gehäuftes Auftreten von Staphylococcus-aureus-Mastitiden in einer Milchviehherde: Ein Fallbericht
Authors: Wieland Matthias , Mann Sabine 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungDer vorliegende Bericht beschreibt einen Fall gehäuften Auftretens von Staphylococcus-aureus-Mastitiden in einer Milchviehherde. Daten der Milchleistungsprüfung, bakteriologische Milchprobenergebnisse, Aufzeichnungen über das Auftreten klinischer Mastitiden einschließlich deren Verlauf und Einfluss auf den Verbleib in der der Herde betroffener Tiere sowie die Beurteilung der Melkroutine wurden zur Abklärung herangezogen. Die Melkroutine sowie das Behandlungsprotokoll für Tiere mit einer Staphylococcus-aureus-Infektion wurden als mögliche Risikofaktoren identifiziert. Umgesetzte Maßnahmen beinhalteten Veränderungen in der Melkroutine und dem Behandlungsprotokoll für infizierte Tiere sowie Keulung oder Abtrennung bereits infizierter Tiere.
Die Leberverfettung der Milchkuh: Teil 1
Authors: Martens Holger 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Fettleber von Milchkühen ist seit vielen Jahren bekannt und bedingt
durch eine vermehrte Aufnahme von freien Fettsäuren (NEFA) in die
Leberzellen und unzureichender Metabolisierung in Relation zur Abgabe der NEFA
als resynthetisierte Triglyzeride (TG). Die Pathogenese der Fettleber umfasst a)
eine erhöhte Lipolyse im Fettgewebe mit einem Anstieg der freien
Fettsäuren (NEFA) Konzentration im Blut, b) die Aufnahme von NEFA in die
Leberzellen proportional der Konzentration, c) die Metabolisierung der NEFA
(Oxidation, Bildung von Ketonkörpern), d) die erneute Synthese von TG
bzw. von very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) und e) deren Abgabe. An diesen
Schritten (a–e) sind hormonelle Veränderungen maßgeblich
beteiligt. Es handelt sich um den Anstieg des Wachstumshormons (GH), eine
ausgeprägte Insulinresistenz in Verbindung mit einem Abfall der Insulin-
und IGF-1-Konzentration im Blut. Als Folge dieser hormonellen
Veränderungen ergibt sich mit steigender Milchleistung eine Entkoppelung
der GH-IGF-1-Achse in der Leber mit einer vermehrten Lipolyse im Fettgewebe,
Freisetzung von NEFA und den o.a. Konsequenzen. Diese Veränderungen sind
assoziiert mit Entzündungserscheinungen, oxidativen und
endoplasmatischen Stress. Die hormonellen Veränderungen mit den
metabolischen Konsequenzen sind das Ergebnis der primären Selektion auf
hohe Milchleistung ohne bedarfsgerechte Futteraufnahme und als Ursache der
Pathogenese der Leberverfettung und Ketose und deren Folgeerkrankungen
(„Produktionskrankheiten“) anzusehen.
Arsenic trioxide-induced cytotoxicity in A549 cells: The role of necroptosis
Authors: Jamil Maryam , Mohammadi-Bardbori Afshin , Safa Omid , Nikpoor Amin Reza , Bakhtari Azizollah , Mokhtarinejad Mahnoosh , Zadeh Saghar Naybandi , Shadboorestan Amir , Omidi Mahmoud 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIntroduction Lung cancer is one of the deadliest cancers globally. Arsenic trioxide (ATO) is still present as a highly effective drug in treating acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). Chemotherapy resistance is one of the major problems in cancer therapy. Necroptosis, can overcomes resistance to apoptosis, and can promote cancer treatment. This study examines the necroptosis pathway in A549 cancer cells exposed to ATO.Methods We used the MTT test to determine the ATO effects on the viability of A549 cells at three different time intervals. Also, the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were performed in three-time intervals. The effect of ATO on apoptosis was evaluated by Annexin V / PI staining and, the RIPK1 and MLKL gene expression were measured by Real-Time PCR.Results The ATO has dose and time-dependent cytotoxic effects, so at 24, 48, and 72 h, the IC50 doses were 33.81 ‘11.44 ‘2.535 µM respectively. A 50 μM ATO is the most appropriate to increase the MMP loss significantly at all three times. At 24 and 48 h after exposure of cells to ATO, the ROS levels increased. The RIPK1 gene expression increased significantly compared to the control group at concentrations of 50 and 100 μM; however, MLKL gene expression decreased.Conclusions The A549 cells, after 48 h exposure to ATO at 50 and 100 μM, induces apoptosis and necroptosis. Due to the reduced expression of MLKL, it can be concluded that ATO is probably effective in the metastatic stage of cancer cells.
Imaging of Müller-Weiss Disease
Authors: Carrascoso Javier , Monteagudo Manuel , Llopis Eva , Jiménez Mar , Recio Manuel , Maceira Ernesto 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMüller-Weiss disease (MWD) is the result of a dysplasia of the tarsal navicular bone. Over the adult years, the dysplastic bone leads to the development of an asymmetric talonavicular arthritis with the talar head shifting laterally and plantarly, thus driving the subtalar joint into varus. From a diagnostic point of view, the condition may be difficult to differentiate from an avascular necrosis or even a stress fracture of the navicular, but fragmentation is the result of a mechanical impairment rather than a biological dysfunction.Standardized weight-bearing radiographs (anteroposterior and lateral views) of both feet are usually enough to diagnose MWD. Other imaging modalities such as multi-detector computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging in early cases for the differential diagnosis can add additional details on the amount of cartilage affected, bone stock, fragmentation, and associated soft tissue injuries. Failure to identify patients with paradoxical flatfeet varus may lead to an incorrect diagnosis and management. Conservative treatment with the use of rigid insoles is effective in most patients. A calcaneal osteotomy seems to be a satisfactory treatment for patients who fail to respond to conservative measures and a good alternative to the different types of peri-navicular fusions. Weight-bearing radiographs are also useful to identify postoperative changes.
Lunotriquetral Coalition
Authors: Mertens Kris , Mespreuve Marc , Vanhoenacker Filip M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractLunotriquetral (LT) coalition is the most common carpal coalition. Four morphological types of LT coalition have been described. LT coalition is usually asymptomatic, but rarely a fibrocartilaginous type may cause ulnar wrist pain. We report a case of bilateral asymptomatic LT coalition that was seen incidentally on conventional radiography taken after a wrist injury. Conventional radiography is the first imaging technique to detect and classify this type of LT coalition. Magnetic resonance imaging is a useful tool to investigate possible associated pathology of the carpal joints, particularly if surgical treatment of a symptomatic patient is anticipated.
Fatores associados à reinternação em até 30 dias após a alta e à mortalidade intra-hospitalar após cirurgia por fratura do fêmur proximal em idosos: coorte retrospectiva
Authors: Pinto Alex Fabiano Dias , Teatini Clarissa Moreira , Avelar Núbia Carelli Pereira de , Leopoldino Amanda Aparecida Oliveira , Moura Isabel Cristina Gomes 
Published: May 2023

Resumo
Objetivo Avaliar os fatores associados à reinternação em até 30 dias após a alta (R30) e à mortalidade intra-hospitalar (MIH) em idosos submetidos a cirurgia por fratura do fêmur proximal (FFP).
Métodos Coorte retrospectiva com dados de 896 prontuários de idosos (≥ 60 anos) submetidos a cirurgia de FFP em hospital brasileiro, no período entre novembro de 2014 a dezembro de 2019. Os pacientes incluídos foram acompanhados desde a data de internação para a cirurgia até 30 dias após a alta. Como variáveis independentes, foram avaliados o sexo, idade, estado civil, hemoglobina (Hb) pré e pós-operatória, razão normalizada internacional, tempo da internação relacionada à cirurgia, tempo porta cirurgia, comorbidades, cirurgias prévias, uso de medicamentos e escore da American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA).
Resultados A incidência de R30 foi de 10,2% (intervalo de confiança [IC] 95%: 8,3–12,3%) e a de MIH foi 5,7% (IC95%: 4,3–7,4%). Referente a R30, no modelo ajustado, associaram-se ter hipertensão (odds ratio [OR]: 1,71; IC95%: 1,03–2,96), uso regular de medicamentos psicotrópicos (OR: 1,74; IC95%: 1,12–2,72). Tratando-se da MIH, maiores chances estiveram associadas à doença renal crônica (DRC) (OR: 5,80; IC95%: 2,64–12,31), maior tempo de internação (OR: 1,06; IC95%: 1,01–1,10) e R30 (OR: 3,60; IC95%: 1,54–7,96). Maiores valores de Hb pré-operatória associaram-se à menor chance de mortalidade (OR: 0,73; IC95%: 0,61–0,87).
Conclusão Os achados sugerem que a ocorrência destes desfechos está associada à comorbidades, medicamentos e Hb.