bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Who uses technical aids in old age? Exploring the implementation of technology-based home modifications in Europe
Authors: Schmidt Laura I. , Wagner Melanie , Büßecker Hanna A. , Franke Annette A. 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionHome modifications and features, e.g., handrails or ramps for people using wheelchairs, should allow residents with functional limitations to maintain social participation, health, and wellbeing for aging in place. However, there is little evidence in relation to the individual characteristics shaping this implementation of technology-based home modifications. Current studies often focus on describing the distribution of certain implementations in households but do not provide information on factors predicting the implementation or detailed and multifaceted data on associations with characteristics of the older user. This article, therefore, examines the use of well-established technological aids and home modifications (e.g., ramps, handrails, automatic doors, bathroom or kitchen modifications, chair lifts, and alerting devices) in the households of older adults in Europe. We refer to Lawton's and Nahemow's concept of personal-environment fit and describe the use of technical aids across 18 countries, analyze associations with individual characteristics and social resources, and compare those associations and variance explanation between older adults in their third age (“young-old”, 65–79 years) and older adults in their fourth age (“old-old”, 80+).MethodsDrawing on representative data from the Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Europe (SHARE), wave 6, a total of N = 38,553 older adults aged 65–105 years (M = 74.4 years, SD = 7.1; 55% women) were analyzed by performing hierarchical logistic regression analyses.ResultsIndicators of functioning explained the highest proportion of variance, followed by social resources, and variance explanation was higher for the fourth age than for the third age. In particular, older adults with physical limitations, a larger social network, and those who received care from a child outside the household were more likely to have home modifications installed.DiscussionThe study provides an overview of associations of diverse variables with assistive devices and modifications in the home and can serve as a starting point for public health activities concerning the heterogeneity of people aged 65 years and older.
An examination of the social perceptions and vaping preferences of young electronic nicotine delivery system users
Authors: Davidson Myles , Al-Hamdani Mohammed 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundLittle research has been conducted on social aspects and preferences of electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS) use among young ENDS users, and none have examined differences in these aspects and preferences by gender and tobacco use status.MethodsA total of 558 young regular vapers (ages 16–24; vaped at least once a week for the last 3 months) from Nova Scotia were recruited to complete a demographic and vaping questionnaire. A 2 x 3 study design was used to compare participants on social aspects and vaping preferences based on gender (male or female) and tobacco use status (never, former, or current smoker). Chi-square tests were used to determine significant differences, and Bonferroni tests were used to assess over- and under-representation within significant variables.ResultsCurrent tobacco-using male vapers had a higher frequency of experiencing pressure to vape from friends and current employment as compared to females. Former and never tobacco-using male vapers had a higher frequency of parental awareness of their vaping behavior than females. Former tobacco-using female vapers had a higher frequency of being influenced to vape by others they know on social media than males. Both never and former tobacco-using females reported a higher frequency of exposure to vaping content on social media than males. Never tobacco-using female vapers preferred vape pen devices relative to males.ConclusionsImportant gender differences by tobacco use status exist and demonstrate differential patterns of social influence for ENDS use and their experiences within this demographic.
Association between advance care planning and depressive symptoms among community-dwelling people with dementia: An observational cross-sectional study during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan
Authors: Nakanishi Miharu , Nakashima Taeko , Miyamoto Yuki , Sakai Mai , Yoshii Hatsumi , Yamasaki Syudo , Nishida Atsushi 
Published: March 2023

ObjectivesAdvance care planning (ACP) is an increasing priority for people with dementia during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study evaluated the association between ACP initiation and depressive symptoms among home-dwelling people living with dementia.MethodsAn internet-based questionnaire survey was conducted with Japanese family caregivers of home-dwelling persons with dementia in June 2021. Family caregivers evaluated the level of depressive symptoms in persons with dementia using the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI). Caregivers also rated the quality of life of persons with dementia using the EQ-5D-5L.ResultsA total of 379 family caregivers participated in the survey. Depressive symptoms were reported in 143 persons with dementia (37.7%). A total of 155 persons with dementia (40.9%) had initiated ACP, of which 88 (56.8%) had care professionals involved in ACP conversation. After adjusting for the characteristics of persons with dementia and caregivers, persons with professional involvement showed significantly more severe depressive symptoms compared to those who did not initiate ACP. There was no significant difference in the quality of life of persons with dementia according to ACP initiation.ConclusionsMany home-dwelling persons with dementia experienced depressive symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially in cases where care professionals were involved in ACP conversations. Optimal and proactive ACP approaches need to be developed to prevent depressive symptoms in newly diagnosed persons.
Psychosocial services provided by licensed cardiac rehabilitation programs
Authors: Bush Montika , Evenson Kelly R. , Aylward Aileen , Cyr Julianne M. , Kucharska-Newton Anna 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundProfessional health organizations recommend that outpatient cardiac rehabilitation programs include activities to optimize the physical, mental, and social well-being of patients. The study objectives were to describe among cardiac rehabilitation programs (1) mental health assessments performed; (2) psychosocial services offered; and (3) leadership's perception of barriers to psychosocial services offerings.MethodsA cross-sectional survey of North Carolina licensed outpatient cardiac rehabilitation programs on their 2018 services was conducted. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize survey responses. Thematic analysis of free text questions related to barriers to programmatic establishment or expansion of psychosocial services was performed by two team members until consensus was reached.ResultsSixty-eight programs (89%) responded to the survey. Forty-eight programs (70%) indicated offering psychosocial services; however, a majority (73%) of programs reported not directly billing for those services. At program enrollment, mental health was assessed in 94% of programs of which 92% repeated the assessment at discharge. Depression was assessed with the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire by a majority (75%) of programs. Psychosocial services included individual counseling (59%), counseling referrals (49%), and educational classes (29%). Directors reported lack of internal resources (92%) and patient beliefs (45%) as the top barriers to including or expanding psychosocial services at their facilities.ConclusionsCardiac rehabilitation programs routinely assess mental health but lack the resources to establish or expand psychosocial services. Interventions aimed at improving patient education and reducing stigma of mental health are important public health opportunities.
Impact of age on short-term outcomes after pancreaticoduodenectomy: A retrospective case-control study of 260 patients
Authors: Zhao Zhirong , Zhou Shibo , Tang Yaping , Zhou Lichen , Ji Hua , Tang Zheng , Dai Ruiwu 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundAlthough the increase of perioperative complications in the elderly undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) surgery has been recognized, the definition of the “old patient” of PD in the studies is different and there is no accepted cut-off value at present.Methods279 consecutive patients who have undergone PD in our center between January 2012 and May 2020 were analyzed. Demographic features, clinical-pathological data and short-term outcomes were collected. The patients were divided into two groups, and the cut-off value (62.5 years) is picked based on the highest Youden Index. Primary endpoints were perioperative morbidity and mortality, and complications were classified according to the Clavien-Dindo Score.ResultsA total of 260 patients with PD were included in this study. Postoperative pathology confirmed pancreatic tumors in 62 patients, bile duct tumor in 105, duodenal tumor in 90, and others in 3. Age (OR = 1.09, P &lt; 0.01), and albumin (OR = 0.34, P &lt; 0.05) were significantly correlated with postoperative Clavien-Dindo Score ≥3b. There were 173 (66.5%) patients in the younger group (&lt;62.5 years) and 87 (33.5%) in the elderly group (≥62.5 years). Significant difference between two groups was demonstrated for Clavien-Dindo Score ≥3b (P &lt; 0.01), postoperative pancreatic fistula (P &lt; 0.05), and perioperative deceases (P &lt; 0.05).ConclusionsAge and albumin were significantly correlated with postoperative Clavien-Dindo Score ≥3b, and there was no significant difference in predicting the grade of Clavien-Dindo Score. The cut-off value of elderly patients with PD was 62.5 years old and there were useful in predicting Clavien-Dindo Score ≥3b, pancreatic fistula, and perioperative death.
Case Report: Solitary metastasis to the appendix after curative treatment of HCC
Authors: Zhang Zun-Yi , Wang Yu-Wei , Zhang Wei , Zhang Bi-Xiang 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundLiver cancer is now the fourth most common cancer in China. The most important factor in decreasing the overall survival is recurrence. Nearly 40%–70% of patients would be detected with intrahepatic or extrahepatic recurrence in 5 years after R0 resection. The intestine is not a usual site for extrahepatic metastasis. Only one case of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) metastasis to the appendix has been reported so far. So, it poses a difficulty for us to develop treatment plan.Case presentationHere, we report a very rare case of a recurrent HCC patient. R0 resection was first performed on this 52-year-old men who was diagnosed with Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage A HCC. Different from other cases, a solitary metastasis to the appendix was detected 5 years after the R0 resection. After discussing with the multidisciplinary team, we decided to perform surgical resection again. The final postoperative pathology confirmed HCC. Complete responses were detected in this patient after the combined treatment of transarterial chemoembolization, angiogenesis inhibitors, and immune checkpoint inhibitors.ConclusionBecause solitary metastasis to the appendix in HCC is very rare, this case might be the first reported in HCC patients after R0 resection. This case report highlights the efficacy of the combination of surgery, local regional therapy, angiogenesis inhibitors, and immune treatment in HCC patients with solitary metastasis to the appendix.
NORRIS, P. (2015). Why Elections Fail. New York: Cambridge University Press, pp. 256.
Authors: Lozano Martínez Francisco Javier 
Published: March 2023

El libro “Why elections fail” (“Por qué fracasan las elecciones”) forma parte del conjunto de tres libros denominados bajo el proyecto “integridad electoral” (electoral integrity, en inglés) liderado por Pippa Norris, quien es profesora de Gobierno y Relaciones Internacionales en la Universidad de Sydney en Australia, y de la cátedra Paul F. Mc Guire en Política Comparada de la Escuela de Gobierno John F. Kennedy, de la Universidad de Harvard en Estados Unidos.
El proyecto de integridad electoral involucró por seis años a un amplio grupo de estudiosos, investigadores, internos de posgrados y centros de investigación de la Universidad de Harvard y la Universidad de Sidney. El propósito del proyecto es ampliar el análisis en torno a los sistemas electorales como uno de los fundamentos centrales de la democracia y su funcionamiento político instrumental. Este libro es el segundo volumen de la trilogía producida en el marco del proyecto.
Organization of the militia courses in Donetsk province in the first half of the 1920s of the XXth century
Authors: Groshevaya Viktoriya , Suverov Evgeny 
Published: March 2023

The relevance of the study is due to the need to comprehend and use the results of long-term activity of state institutions for the training of qualified specialists of internal affairs bodies.
The article examines the activities of the courses for senior and junior policemen formed in 1923 in the Donetsk province, their classes were conducted according to the program of the Main Militia of the Ukrainian SSR. The level of responsibility and interest of the NKVD in the sphere of the educational process of the formed provincial militia courses is shown. The problems of material, educational and methodological support of the provincial militia courses, as well as the shortage of teaching staff in the main disciplines, are analyzed.
The purpose of the study is to study and summarize the historical experience of the NKVD-MIA of the RSFSR, the USSR on the organization, as well as the legal regulation of professional training and professional education of militia personnel.
Methodological basis of the study is the institutional approach, which is traditional in the study of the history of state-legal systems, combined with elements of historical and logical methods.
Research results. The authors come to the conclusion that the militia courses played a significant role in the formation of professional skills, as well as the quality of militia personnel in Donbass during the studied period. The study materials can be useful for practitioners in the organization of educative work with cadets and students of educational organizations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia.
Reichstag fire case. Psychological expertise of reliability of testimony in Germany
Authors: Aleksandrova Ol'ga , Engalychev Vali 
Published: March 2023

The scientific discussion that has been going on in recent decades about the possibility and admissibility of examination of the reliability of testimony demands the study of some leading foreign countries experience, where such examination has long become a fact of practical jurisprudence.
The goal of the study is to analyse the theoretical insights of German scientists and experts into the most resonant facts from the perspective of modern psychological expertise.
The object of the study is the case of the Reichstag fire, 1933. Marinus van der Lubbe, a worker from the Dutch Leiden, was accused of setting the Reichstag on fire and then sentenced to death. In 2007 the law on “Abolition of unjust judgments of the national socialist regime” (1998) granted a pardon to van der Lubbe without revision au fond. To this day, there are disputes about the involvement of van der Lubbe in organizing the arson and his guilt. The German psychologist Hartmut Böhm made an attempt to evaluate van der Lubbe’s testimony from the perspective of modern psychology and forensic psychological examination of the reliability of testimony. The article briefly outlines some results of this attempt to give a general idea of the logic of the developed and recognized tools applied.
The results of an empirical study of the psychological characteristics of the semantic sphere of personality of convicts for corruption offences
Authors: Sorokoumova Svetlana , Guseva Anastasiya , Ganishina Irina 
Published: March 2023

On the results of an empirical study of the psychological characteristics of the semantic sphere of the personality of those convicted of corruption crimes
Relevance of the research topic. The article presents some results of an empirical study of the psychological characteristics of the semantic sphere of the personality of those convicted of corruption crimes. The aim of the study was to study the psychological characteristics of the semantic sphere of those convicted of corruption crimes. The study was conducted on the basis of PKU IK-3 and IK-1 of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia in the Ryazan region. It was attended by 160 male convicts serving sentences in correctional institutions of the penitentiary system.
The scientific problem is to determine the psychological characteristics of those convicted of corruption crimes, taking into account their semantic sphere.
Research methods and techniques. To identify the psychological characteristics of the semantic sphere of those convicted of corruption crimes, the following set of methods and techniques was used: “Value Questionnaire” by Sh. Schwartz, “Semantic Basic Attitudes” by A. D. Ishkov and N. G. Miloradova.
The results of the study are to identify the following distinguishing features of those convicted of corruption crimes: independence in achieving goals, the ability to self-control, the presence of high selfesteem, the lack of desire to selflessly help other people, as well as to assist, serve the common good, neglecting their own benefit. They are self-confident and tend to dominate others. Patient, independent, determined and emotionally stable. They have a healthy self-esteem, a normal reaction to criticism. They disdain social norms, and material wealth for them is an end in itself.
Other criminal legal measures: reflection in modern criminal policy
Authors: Barhatova Ekaterina 
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Other measures of criminal-legal nature at the present stage act as auxiliary means in relation to the main form of implementation of criminal responsibility - punishment. However, this approach is not justified and should be reconsidered. Not only the system of criminal-legal influence, but also some of its forms that have either become outdated or ineffective in the new conditions of society development, need legislative revision.
The purpose of the study is to formulate basic proposals for improving the legislative regulation of forms of criminal legal influence in general and other measures of criminal legal nature in particular.
The research methods are general scientific methods and methods of cognition (analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, generalisation, comparison) and the special scientific formal-legal method.
The results: the study of other measures of criminal legal nature in the general system of criminal legal influence provided a basis for further study of the problematic aspects of this institution. The main results of the study include proposals for: reflection of the fundamental provisions on criminal legal influence and its forms in the criminal law; revision of the system of the General Part of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation regarding the regulation of other measures of criminal legal nature from the viewpoint of new provisions on criminal legal influence; regulation of specific issues concerning other measures of criminal legal nature in order to increase the effectiveness of criminal legal influence on persons who committed crimes.
Social Competences and Their Development in Culturally Diverse Teams – the Results of In-depth Group Interviews
Authors: Knap-Stefaniuk Agnieszka 
Published: March 2023

Social competences in the workplace have been of interest to researchers for years. They are among the key competences for lifelong learning and relate to all types of behaviour that enable individuals to participate and cooperate effectively – both socially and professionally – in various environments (European Parliament, 2006).
Employees’ social competences play a vital role in the workplace as they influence relationships within teams. These relationships affect team effectiveness, thus are particularly significant in culturally diverse work environments. In the theoretical part of the article, the author explains the term “social competences,” describes their elements, and discusses their role in the effective functioning of multicultural teams. In the empirical part, she presents the methodology of her study, the results obtained, and the conclusions derived
from them.
The study described in the article (two in-depth group interviews) was conducted in 2022, and its participants were managers of different nationalities who work in multinational companies and have been managing culturally diverse teams for a minimum of three years. The Author assumed the preliminary nature of the study and intends to continue it in the future within the area analysed in the article. Based on the review of the literature and the results of her study, the author has demonstrated a vital role played by employees’ social competences in culturally diverse workplaces. In the opinion of the managers who participated in the study, the most important social competences include verbal and non-verbal communication, social intelligence, and building positive interpersonal relations. As far as the most effective ways of developing these competences in members of multicultural teams are concerned, they listed individual trainings, workshops, and coaching.
Miejsca, ludzie, zdarzenia – wielka historia i społeczność lokalna
Authors: Matuchniak-Mystkowska Anna 
Published: March 2023

Zarysowana w tytule problematyka socjologiczna „historia i pamięć” wymaga ujęcia z perspektywy historycznej (jakie zdarzenia – II wojna światowa), przestrzennej (miejsce – Dłutów pod Łodzią, gdzie we wrześniu 1939 r. walczono z niemieckim najeźdźcą, Dobiegniew, Choszczno, Borne Sulinowo, Łambinowice, gdzie w latach 1939–1945 były usytuowane obozy jenieckie Wehrmachtu: Oflag II C Woldenberg, II B Arnswalde, II D Gross Born, stalagi Lamsdorf), biograficznej (kogo dotyczyły – polskich żołnierzy, a potem jeńców wojennych oraz kultywujących ich pamięć społeczności lokalnych).
To wielokrotne studium przypadku prowadzone metodą obserwacji uczestniczącej, wspomaganej innymi metodami badawczymi, wykorzystuje koncepcje Czarnowskiego, Ossowskiego, Kłoskowskiej, Sułkowskiego, Bourdieu (ojczyzna prywatna i ideologiczna, kultura narodowa, układy kultury, instytucje, pole kultury), sytuując się w ramach socjologii kultury i socjologii historycznej. Badane są podmioty i przedmioty pola kultury, po pierwsze instytucje kultury (muzea, izby pamięci, centra kultury, stowarzyszenia) oraz instytucje edukacyjne, religijne, polityczne i administracyjne; po drugie miejsca pamięci in situ, jak tereny walk, tereny poobozowe, nekropolie, pomniki. To analizowanie śladów wielkiej historii w małych miejscowościach, a także przekształcania pamięci komunikacyjnej w pamięć kulturową i upamiętniania trudnej historii w społecznościach lokalnych.