bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impacts of simplifying articulation movements imagery to speech imagery BCI performance
Authors: Guo Zengzhi , Chen Fei 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Objective. Speech imagery (SI) can be used as a reliable, natural, and user-friendly activation task for the development of brain-computer interface (BCI), which empowers individuals with severe disabilities to interact with their environment. The functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is advanced as one of the most suitable brain imaging methods for developing BCI systems owing to its advantages of being non-invasive, portable, insensitive to motion artifacts, and having relatively high spatial resolution. Approach. To improve the classification performance of SI BCI based on fNIRS, a novel paradigm was developed in this work by simplifying the articulation movements in SI to make the articulation movement differences clearer between different words imagery tasks. A SI BCI was proposed to directly answer questions by covertly rehearsing the word ‘是’ or ‘否’ (‘yes’ or ‘no’ in English), and an unconstrained rest task also was contained in this BCI. The articulation movements of SI were simplified by retaining only the movements of the jaw and lips of vowels in Chinese Pinyin for words ‘是’ and ‘否’. Main results. Compared with conventional speech imagery, simplifying the articulation movements in SI could generate more different brain activities among different tasks, which led to more differentiable temporal features and significantly higher classification performance. The average 3-class classification accuracies of the proposed paradigm across all 20 participants reached 69.6% and 60.2% which were about 10.8% and 5.6% significantly higher than those of the conventional SI paradigm operated in the 0–10 s and 0–2.5 s time windows, respectively. Significance. These results suggested that simplifying the articulation movements in SI is promising for improving the classification performance of intuitive BCIs based on speech imagery.
Turbulence-driven vortex-flow around a magnetic island
Authors: Leconte M. , Cho Y.W. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We predict a new state of plasma self-organization, in the presence of magnetic islands, namely turbulence-driven island vortex-flows, which are non-axisymmetric flows. The interaction between an E × B sheared vortex-flow and the drift-wave (DW) turbulence driving it, is derived in the presence of a coherent static magnetic island. The turbulence is driven by a 3D density profile due to quasi-linear island-induced profile flattening, and the DWs thus follow the local electron diamagnetic drift along the island. The metric tensor is introduced, making the analysis easier in island geometry. An extended Charney–Hasegawa–Mima equation describes the DW turbulence—flow interaction, from which a wave-kinetic equation is obtained in island geometry. This yields a turbulence-vortex-flow predator–prey model which predicts a nonlinear threshold for island vortex-flow formation. The vortex-flow threshold decreases with increasing island-width as

γ

t
h

∼

1

W

2

, which shows that wider islands may more easily drive vortex-flows.
Fibrinogen-based cell and spheroid sheets manipulating and delivery for mouse hindlimb ischemia
Authors: Lim Juhan , Lee Min Suk , Jeon Jin , Yang Hee Seok 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In this research, we introduced a novel strategy for fabricating cell sheets (CSs) prepared by simply adding a fibrinogen solution to growth medium without using any synthetic polymers or chemical agents. We confirmed that the fibrinogen-based CS could be modified for target tissue regardless of size, shape, and cell types. Also, fibrinogen-based CSs were versatile and could be used to form three-dimensional (3D) CSs such as multi-layered CSs and those mimicking native blood vessels. We also prepared fibrinogen-based spheroid sheets for the treatment of ischemic disease. The fibrinogen-based spheroid sheets had much higher in vitro tubule formation and released more angiogenic factors compared to other types of platform in this research. We transplanted fibrinogen-based spheroid sheets into a mouse hindlimb ischemia model and found that fibrinogen-based spheroid sheets showed significantly improved physiological function and blood perfusion rates compared to the other types of platform in this research.
Interface strength investigations of 304 stainless steel/T2 red copper T-type brazed joint based on cohesive zone model
Authors: Wu Yuewei , Xing Aidong , Cheng Qizhong , Li Qingsheng 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Gas wave refrigerators are a type of refrigeration equipment with broad application prospects. The oscillating tube, its core component, was manufactured by brazing to improve production efficiency. To study the brazing interface strength, a small 304 stainless steel/T2 red copper T-type brazed joint specimen was designed. The tensile process of the brazed joint was simulated using ABAQUS software based on the bilinear cohesive zone model (CZM), and the results were compared with the experimental tensile results. Damage critical stress and critical fracture energy of

σ

max

= 40MPa and

φ

c

= 35 mJ mm−2, respectively, were obtained. A VUMAT subroutine was used to obtain the fatigue life of the specimen, and the errors with the experiment were 1.8% and 5.6%, respectively. It was proved that the CZM can simulate the tensile and fatigue loading processes of T-type brazed joints. The microstructure of the fatigue fracture of the specimen was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy. In addition, the effects of cyclic displacement and base metal thickness on the interface fatigue damage process were simulated and analyzed. The results showed that with an increase in cyclic displacement, the crack initiation life decreased and the crack growth rate increased; the interface damage, the crack length, and the fatigue load increased with the increase in base metal thickness.
The comparison of manganese spectral lines for self-absorption reduction in LIBS using laser-induced fluorescence
Authors: TANG Yun , LI Jingfeng , MA Shixiang , HU Zhenlin , PENG Xuxiang , ZHOU Weiping , YUAN Xiao , SHEN Meng 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The detection of manganese (Mn) in steel by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) provides essential information for steelmaking. However, self-absorption greatly disrupts the LIBS spectral lines of Mn with high content. In this study, to minimize self-absorption for Mn spectral lines in LIBS, laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) was applied. Compared with conventional LIBS, the self-absorption factors (α) of Mn I 403.08, 403.31, and 403.45 nm lines were reduced by 90%, 88%, and 88%, respectively; the root mean square errors of cross-validation were decreased by 88%, 85%, and 87%, respectively; the average relative errors were reduced by 93%, 90%, and 91%, respectively; and average relative standard deviations were decreased by 29%, 32%, and 33%, respectively. The LIBS-LIF was shown to successfully minimize the self-absorption effect and spectral intensity fluctuation and improve detection accuracy.
Leveraging scaffold information to predict protein–ligand binding affinity with an empirical graph neural network
Authors: Xia Chunqiu , Feng Shi-Hao , Xia Ying , Pan Xiaoyong , Shen Hong-Bin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Protein–ligand binding affinity prediction is an important task in structural bioinformatics for drug discovery and design. Although various scoring functions (SFs) have been proposed, it remains challenging to accurately evaluate the binding affinity of a protein–ligand complex with the known bound structure because of the potential preference of scoring system. In recent years, deep learning (DL) techniques have been applied to SFs without sophisticated feature engineering. Nevertheless, existing methods cannot model the differential contribution of atoms in various regions of proteins, and the relationship between atom properties and intermolecular distance is also not fully explored. We propose a novel empirical graph neural network for accurate protein–ligand binding affinity prediction (EGNA). Graphs of protein, ligand and their interactions are constructed based on different regions of each bound complex. Proteins and ligands are effectively represented by graph convolutional layers, enabling the EGNA to capture interaction patterns precisely by simulating empirical SFs. The contributions of different factors on binding affinity can thus be transparently investigated. EGNA is compared with the state-of-the-art machine learning-based SFs on two widely used benchmark data sets. The results demonstrate the superiority of EGNA and its good generalization capability.
Tree visualizations of protein sequence embedding space enable improved functional clustering of diverse protein superfamilies
Authors: Yeung Wayland , Zhou Zhongliang , Mathew Liju , Gravel Nathan , Taujale Rahil , O’Boyle Brady , Salcedo Mariah , Venkat Aarya , Lanzilotta William , Li Sheng , Kannan Natarajan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Protein language models, trained on millions of biologically observed sequences, generate feature-rich numerical representations of protein sequences. These representations, called sequence embeddings, can infer structure-functional properties, despite protein language models being trained on primary sequence alone. While sequence embeddings have been applied toward tasks such as structure and function prediction, applications toward alignment-free sequence classification have been hindered by the lack of studies to derive, quantify and evaluate relationships between protein sequence embeddings. Here, we develop workflows and visualization methods for the classification of protein families using sequence embedding derived from protein language models. A benchmark of manifold visualization methods reveals that Neighbor Joining (NJ) embedding trees are highly effective in capturing global structure while achieving similar performance in capturing local structure compared with popular dimensionality reduction techniques such as t-SNE and UMAP. The statistical significance of hierarchical clusters on a tree is evaluated by resampling embeddings using a variational autoencoder (VAE). We demonstrate the application of our methods in the classification of two well-studied enzyme superfamilies, phosphatases and protein kinases. Our embedding-based classifications remain consistent with and extend upon previously published sequence alignment-based classifications. We also propose a new hierarchical classification for the S-Adenosyl-L-Methionine (SAM) enzyme superfamily which has been difficult to classify using traditional alignment-based approaches. Beyond applications in sequence classification, our results further suggest NJ trees are a promising general method for visualizing high-dimensional data sets.
Speech onsets and sustained speech contribute differentially to delta and theta speech tracking in auditory cortex
Authors: Chalas Nikos , Daube Christoph , Kluger Daniel S , Abbasi Omid , Nitsch Robert , Gross Joachim 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
When we attentively listen to an individual’s speech, our brain activity dynamically aligns to the incoming acoustic input at multiple timescales. Although this systematic alignment between ongoing brain activity and speech in auditory brain areas is well established, the acoustic events that drive this phase-locking are not fully understood. Here, we use magnetoencephalographic recordings of 24 human participants (12 females) while they were listening to a 1 h story. We show that whereas speech–brain coupling is associated with sustained acoustic fluctuations in the speech envelope in the theta-frequency range (4–7 Hz), speech tracking in the low-frequency delta (below 1 Hz) was strongest around onsets of speech, like the beginning of a sentence. Crucially, delta tracking in bilateral auditory areas was not sustained after onsets, proposing a delta tracking during continuous speech perception that is driven by speech onsets. We conclude that both onsets and sustained components of speech contribute differentially to speech tracking in delta- and theta-frequency bands, orchestrating sampling of continuous speech. Thus, our results suggest a temporal dissociation of acoustically driven oscillatory activity in auditory areas during speech tracking, providing valuable implications for orchestration of speech tracking at multiple time scales.
Replication of association at the LPP and UBASH3A loci in a UK autoimmune Addison's disease cohort
Authors: Howarth Sophie , Sneddon Georgina , Allinson Kathleen R , Razvi Salman , Mitchell Anna L , Pearce Simon H S 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Autoimmune Addison's disease (AAD) arises from a complex interplay between multiple genetic susceptibility polymorphisms and environmental factors. The first genome wide association study (GWAS) with patients from Scandinavian Addison's registries has identified association signals at four novel loci in the genes LPP, SH2B3, SIGLEC5, and UBASH3A.
To verify these novel risk loci, we performed a case–control association study in our independent cohort of 420 patients with AAD from the across the UK.
We report significant association of alleles of the LPP and UBASH3A genes [odds ratio (95% confidence intervals), 1.46 (1.21-1.75)and 1.40 (1.16-1.68), respectively] with AAD in our UK cohort. In addition, we report nominal association of AAD with SH2B3 [OR 1.18 (1.02-1.35)].
We confirm that variants at the LPP and UBASH3A loci confer susceptibility to AAD in a UK population. Further studies with larger patient cohorts are required to robustly confirm the association of SH2B3 and SIGLEC5/SPACA6 alleles.
Ectopic lipid deposition and insulin resistance in patients with GH disorders before and after treatment
Authors: Arlien-Søborg Mai C , Madsen Michael Alle , Dal Jakob , Krusenstjerna-Hafstrøm Thomas , Ringgaard Steffen , Skou Nickolaj , Høgild Morten , Jørgensen Jens Otto Lunde 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Insulin resistance is associated with ectopic lipid deposition. Growth hormone (GH) status also modulates ectopic lipid accumulation, but how this associates with insulin resistance in patients with GH disorders is not well established.

Design and Methods
Twenty-one patients diagnosed with acromegaly and 12 patients with adult GH deficiency (GHD) were studied at diagnosis and after treatment. A reference group of 12 subjects was included. Each study day comprised assessment of body composition with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, ectopic lipid deposition in the liver by MR spectroscopy, and Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR).

Results
Disease control of acromegaly decreased lean body mass (LBM) (P &lt; .000) and increased the percentage of total body fat (TBF) (P &lt; .000). GH replacement increased LBM in the GHD patients (P = .007) and decreased the percentage of TBF (P = .010). The intrahepatic lipid (IHL) content increased after disease control in acromegaly (P = .004), whereas IHL did not change significantly after GH replacement in GHD (P = .34). Insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) improved after disease control of acromegaly (P &lt; .000) and remained unaltered after GH replacement in the GHD patients (P = .829).

Conclusions
GH status is a significant modulator of body composition and insulin sensitivity.
GH excess reduces total fat mass and intrahepatic lipid content together with induction of insulin resistance.
The data support the notion that GH-induced insulin resistance is unassociated with hepatic lipid accumulation.
Tariff evasion in agriculture: the role of non-tariff measures
Authors: He Xi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis study investigates the impacts of non-tariff measures (NTMs) on tariff evasion in agriculture. We find that sanitary and phytosanitary standard measure of tolerance limits for residues and restricted use of substances significantly reduces tariff evasion. We also find that this dampening impact occurs via price underreporting rather than quantity underreporting or product misclassification. Heterogeneous analysis shows that this impact exists for developing countries but not for developed countries. These findings highlight the importance of accounting for NTMs’ impacts on tariff evasion in agricultural trade policy analysis.
Association between eating behaviour and 13-year cardiovascular damages in the initially healthy STANISLAS cohort
Authors: Puchkova-Sistac Anfisa , de Lauzon-Guillain Blandine , Girerd Nicolas , Boivin Jean-Marc , Bozec Erwan , Mercklé Ludovic , Nazare Julie-Anne , Laville Martine , Rossignol Patrick , Wagner Sandra 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimsSeveral dimensions of eating behaviour (EB), such as restrained eating (RE), appear to be cross-sectionally associated with certain cardiovascular (CV) diseases and metabolic risk factors although little is known regarding longitudinal associations. This study aimed to assess the associations between EB and CV damage or metabolic syndrome after 13 years, in initially healthy individuals.Methods and resultsThis study included 1109 participants from the familial STANISLAS (Suivi Temporaire Annuel Non-Invasif de la Santé des Lorrains Assurés Sociaux) cohort study. Emotional eating (EmE), RE, and external eating were assessed using the Dutch Eating Behaviour Questionnaire. Metabolic syndrome and CV damages such as carotid-femoral pulse-wave velocity (cfPWV), left ventricular mass, carotid intima-media thickness, and diastolic dysfunction (DD) were measured after a period of 13 years. Mixed model analysis with a family random effect and adjustment for age, sex, education, temporal gap, physical activity, metabolic factors at baseline, and the onset of CV disease during follow-up, and mediation analysis were performed in adults and adolescents separately. Among adults, EmE was associated with a 38% increased risk of DD 13 years later [odds ratio = 1.38 (1.05; 1.83)]. Stress level mediated 31.9% of this association (P = 0.01). Emotional eating was positively associated with cfPWV (β=0.02 [0.01; 0.04]). External eating was slightly associated with lower cfPWV (β=−0.03 [−0.05; −0.01]). No associations were observed between EB dimensions and metabolic syndrome. Energy intake was not found to be a mediator of any associations.ConclusionOur results suggest that CV prevention should also take into account EB and include emotion regulation skills teaching.
Change in a Claims-Based Frailty Index, Mortality, and Health Care Costs in Medicare Beneficiaries
Authors: Shi Sandra Miao , Steinberg Nessa , Oh Gahee , Olivieri-Mui Brianne , Sison Stephanie , McCarthy Ellen P , Kim Dae Hyun 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background
A claims-based frailty index (CFI) allows measurement of frailty on a population scale. Our objective was to examine the association of changes in CFI over 12 months with mortality and Medicare costs.

Methods
We used a 5% sample of fee-for-service Medicare beneficiaries. We estimated CFI (range: 0–1: nonfrail (&lt;0.25), mildly frail (0.25–0.34), moderately-to-severely frail (≥0.35) on January 1, 2015 and January 1, 2016. Beneficiaries were categorized as having a large decrease (−&lt;0.045), small decrease (−≤0.045–0.015), stable (±0.015), small increase (&gt;0.015–0.045), or large increase (&gt;0.045). We used Cox proportional hazards model to estimate hazard ratio (HR) for mortality adjusting for age, sex, and 2015 CFI value and compared total Medicare costs from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2016.

Results
The study population included 995 664 beneficiaries (mean age 77 years, 56.8% female). In nonfrail (n = 906 046), HR (95% confidence interval [CI]) ranged from 0.71 (0.67–0.75) for a large decrease to 2.75 (2.68–2.33) for a large increase. In moderate-to-severely frail beneficiaries (n = 16 527), the corresponding HR (95% CI) ranged from 0.63 (0.57–0.70) to 1.21 (1.06–1.38). The mean total Medicare cost per member per year (standard deviation) was from $12 149 ($83 508) in nonfrail beneficiaries to $61 155 ($345 904) in moderate-to-severely frail beneficiaries.

Conclusions
One-year changes in CFI are associated with elevated mortality risk and health care costs across all levels of frailty.
Aging Is Associated With Impaired Postprandial Response of Skeletal Muscle Protein Synthesis to High-Intensity Muscle Contraction in Mice
Authors: Ato Satoru , Matsunami Hiroshi , Ogasawara Riki 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate whether aging alters the effect of nutritional status on contraction-induced muscle protein metabolism. In an overnight fasted or fed states, the right gastrocnemius muscle of young (3 months) and aged (24 months) male C57BL/6J mice was isometrically contracted via percutaneous electrical stimulation. The left gastrocnemius muscle served as a control. In the fasted state, there were no differences in basal or contraction-induced muscle protein synthesis between young and old mice. However, in the fed state, basal muscle protein synthesis was greater in young mice, and contraction increased muscle protein synthesis only in young mice. In the fed state, although phosphorylation of 4E-BP1 was similarly increased by contraction in both ages, the increase in phosphorylation of p70S6K was greater in young mice. Our results indicate that aging impairs the ability to integrate signals from muscle contraction and nutrition, leading to aging-induced anabolic resistance to muscle contraction in the postprandial state.
Scaling up task-sharing psychological interventions for refugees in Jordan: a qualitative study on the potential barriers and facilitators
Authors: Woodward Aniek , Sondorp Egbert , Barry Alexandra S , Dieleman Marjolein A , Fuhr Daniela C , Broerse Jacqueline E W , Akhtar Aemal , Awwad Manar , Bawaneh Ahmad , Bryant Richard , Sijbrandij Marit , Cuijpers Pim , Roberts Bayard 
Published: January 2023

AbstractTraining nonspecialists in providing evidence-based psychological interventions (i.e. task-sharing) can effectively increase community access to psychological support. However, task-sharing interventions for this purpose are rarely used at scale. The aim of this study was to examine the factors influencing the potential for scaling up (i.e. scalability) of a task-sharing psychological intervention called Problem Management Plus (PM+) for Syrian refugees in Jordan. Semi-structured individual (n = 17) and group interviews (n = 20) were conducted with stakeholders knowledgeable about PM+ and the mental health system for Syrian refugees in Jordan. Using ‘system innovation perspective’, this study conceptualized the context as landscape developments, and systemic considerations were divided into culture (shared ways of thinking) and structure (ways of organizing). Political momentum was identified as a landscape trend likely facilitating scaling up, while predicted reductions in financial aid was regarded as a constraint. In terms of culture, the medicalized approach to mental health, stigma and gender were reported barriers for scaling up PM+. Using non-stigmatizing language and offering different modalities, childcare options and sessions outside of working hours were suggestions to reduce stigma, accommodate individual preferences and increase the demand for PM+. In relation to structure, the feasibility of scaling up PM+ largely depends on the ability to overcome legal barriers, limitations in human and financial resources and organizational challenges. We recommend sustainable funding to be made available for staff, training, supervision, infrastructure, coordination, expansion and evaluation of ‘actual’ scaling up of PM+. Future research may examine the local feasibility of various funding, training and supervision models. Lessons learned from actual scaling up of PM+ and similar task-sharing approaches need to be widely shared.