bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The L-shaped association between body roundness index and all-cause mortality in osteoporotic patients: a cohort study based on NHANES data
Authors: Ding Ziyao , Li Wenbo , Qi Haixu , Fang Tianci , Zhu Qirui , Qu Xinzhe , Chen Changchang , Sun Jun , Pang Yong 
Published: January 2025

PurposeThis study aims to investigate the relationship between the body roundness index (BRI) and overall mortality rates in individuals with osteoporosis (OP), utilizing information sourced from the NHANES database, in order to assess BRI’s capability as an indicator for predicting mortality risk.MethodsData from NHANES (2005 to 2010, 2013–2014, and 2017–2018) were analyzed, including 1,596 osteoporotic individuals aged 50 and above. BRI was calculated based on waist circumference (WC) and height, categorizing participants into high (&gt;4.07) and low (≤4.07) BRI groups. To analyze the relationship between BRI and mortality while accounting for important covariates, we employed weighted Cox proportional hazards models, conducted Kaplan–Meier survival analyses, and utilized restricted cubic splines (RCS).ResultsHigher BRI was significantly associated with better long-term survival, showing an “L”-shaped nonlinear inverse relationship with mortality, with a threshold at BRI = 5. In subgroup analyses, this association remained relatively stable.ConclusionThe “L”-shaped association between BRI and mortality indicates that BRI may serve as a useful indicator for evaluating mortality risk in patients with OP, thereby informing clinical interventions and public health approaches.
Innovative applications and future trends of multiparametric PET in the assessment of immunotherapy efficacy
Authors: Qiao Tingting , Cheng Zhaoping , Duan Yanhua 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundThe integration of multiparametric PET (Positron Emission Tomography.) imaging and multi-omics data has demonstrated significant clinical potential in predicting the efficacy of cancer immunotherapies. However, the specific predictive power and underlying mechanisms remain unclear.ObjectiveThis review systematically evaluates the application of multiparametric PET imaging metrics (e.g., SUVmax [Maximum Standardized Uptake Value], MTV [Metabolic Tumor Volume], and TLG [Total Lesion Glycolysis]) in predicting the efficacy of immunotherapies, including PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors and CAR-T therapy, and explores their potential role in improving predictive accuracy when integrated with multi-omics data.MethodsA systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases identified studies evaluating the efficacy of immunotherapy using longitudinal PET/CT data and RECIST or iRECIST criteria. Only original prospective or retrospective studies were included for analysis. Review articles and meta-analyses were consulted for additional references but excluded from quantitative analysis. Studies lacking standardized efficacy evaluations were excluded to ensure data integrity and quality.ResultsMultiparametric PET imaging metrics exhibited high predictive capability for efficacy across various immunotherapies. Metabolic parameters such as SUVmax, MTV, and TLG were significantly correlated with treatment response rates, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS). The integration of multi-omics data (including genomics and proteomics) with PET imaging enhanced the sensitivity and accuracy of efficacy prediction. Through integrated analysis, PET metabolic parameters demonstrated potential in predicting immune therapy response patterns, such as pseudo-progression and hyper-progression.ConclusionThe integration of multiparametric PET imaging and multi-omics data holds broad potential for predicting the efficacy of immunotherapies and may support the development of personalized treatment strategies. Future validation using large-scale, multicenter datasets is needed to further advance precision medicine in cancer immunotherapy.
Analyzing special needs reports for children: sociodemographic trends, diagnoses, and support areas over five years (2019–2024)
Authors: Canpolat Semih , Parlak Mehmet Emin , Kurt Canpolat Esra , Oz Erdogan 
Published: January 2025

ObjectiveThis study aims to evaluate the special needs reports for children (SNRC) in terms of sociodemographic characteristics, diagnoses, and areas of special needs in the five years from 2019, when special health boards for children were established with the new diagnostic and evaluation criteria.MethodsThis descriptive study was conducted by retrospectively reviewing the board evaluation reports of children aged 0–18 years who applied to Batman Training and Research Hospital SNRC Health Board between March 2019 and March 2024. The study included 420 children for whom all the data in the evaluation reports could be accessed. All data of the participants were collected and analyzed through the Hospital Information Management System (HIMS).ResultsThe mean age at the time of health board admission was 7.41 years with 58.3% boys and 41.7% girls. When the level of special needs was analyzed, the highest rate of 47.1% was found to have Special Condition Requirement Needs (SCRN). The most common reason for application in both boys (68.6%) and girls (64%) was to benefit from Disability Rights. In terms of the distribution of disease areas, the highest rate was in the Cognitive Development Area with 36.2%, the second highest rate was in the Movement Development Area with 27.1%, and the lowest rates were in the Genitourinary System - Surgery Area with 0.2% and in the Hematology-Oncology Area with 0.2%. When the areas of Specific Learning Disabilities (SLD) were analyzed, it was determined that the highest rate was in the area of rehabilitation/early support (intervention) requirement to support cognitive functions with 43.1%. When the special needs levels were analyzed according to the disease areas, the highest rate was found in 13 areas except for the Nephrology area and Genitourinary System-Surgery Area was SCRN. In Nephrology, the rates were equally shared between SCRN and Significant special needs (SSPD) at 50%, while the highest rate in the Genitourinary System-Surgery Field was Special needs (SEN) with 60.6%.ConclusionOur research emphasizes the crucial role of SNRC health board reports in tackling the pressing challenges faced by children and their families. Through harnessing these reports, we can make significant progress in identifying and supporting children with special needs, ultimately enhancing their quality of life. Our findings emphasize the influence of gender and the typical age of 7–8 years for initial evaluation. Looking ahead, it is vital to develop comprehensive strategies to raise community awareness and equip healthcare professionals with the necessary tools to optimize support systems. Through ongoing analysis and adaptation, these efforts hold the promise of fostering a more inclusive and supportive environment for children with diverse needs.
Clinical and genetic analysis of a Chinese family with GM1 gangliosidosis caused by a novel mutation in GLB1 gene
Authors: Zhang Biao , Huang Xiao-li , Lu Xin-xin , Huang Heng-bin , Wu Yan-an 
Published: January 2025

ObjectiveTo describe the clinical presentation and novel mutation in the ganglioside-beta-galactosidase gene (GLB1) gene in a Chinese family with GM1 gangliosidosis.MethodsWe collected clinical data from a Chinese family with GM1 gangliosidosis, and performed whole exon sequencing (WES) of the proband and his parents. The pathogenic sites of candidate genes were targeted, and the detected exon mutations were verified by Sanger sequencing. Enzyme activity of β-galactosidase was detected in 293T cells transiently transfected with plasmids encoding the detected mutations.ResultsTwo siblings in this family presented with neurological degeneration, and were classified as the late-infantile type. Two siblings and their parents underwent WES of the peripheral blood. A reported missense mutation c.446C&gt;T and a novel mutation c.1058_1059delinsAA in GLB1 gene inherited from the mother and father respectively were identified. The mutant c.1058_1059delinsAA retained β-galactosidase activity at 0% of wild-type GLB1.ConclusionThis study identified a novel mutation of the GLB1 gene in a Chinese family with GM1 gangliosidosis and provided new insights into the molecular characteristics and genetic counseling of GM1 gangliosidosis.
Cowpea genetic diversity, population structure and genome-wide association studies in Malawi: insights for breeding programs
Authors: Chipeta Michael M. , Kafwambira John , Yohane Esnart 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionThis study focuses on cowpea, a vital crop for smallholder farmers in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly in Malawi. The research aimed to understand the genetic diversity and population structure of cowpea and to perform genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to identify marker-trait associations (MTAs) for yield and related traits. These insights are intended to support varietal development and address agricultural challenges in Malawi.MethodsA total of 306 cowpea genotypes were characterized using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers and morphological traits. The study assessed the effects of genotype, location, and their interactions on morphological traits. The Fixed and Random Model Circulating Probability Unification (FarmCPU) algorithm was used to identify significant MTAs.ResultsThe morphological traits showed significant genotype, location, and interaction effects. Genotypes MWcp24, MWcp47, MWcp2232, and TVu-3524 yielded the highest values. Grain yield was positively correlated with peduncle length, seeds per pod, and pods per plant. Three distinct clusters were identified based on morphological traits. Genetic diversity analysis revealed an average minor allele frequency of 0.31, observed heterozygosity of 0.06, and gene diversity of 0.33. The average inbreeding coefficient was 0.82, indicating a high level of inbreeding. Most of the genetic variation (73.1%) was found among genotypes within populations. Nine groups and ancestral populations were identified, which did not entirely overlap with geographic origins. Sixteen significant MTAs were linked to six morphological traits.DiscussionThe validation of these identified MTAs, along with the observed genetic diversity, offers valuable opportunities for cowpea improvement through marker-assisted selection, to addresses the challenges faced by Malawian farmers. The identification of thirty cowpea lines as key founder lines for breeding programs in Malawi, Mozambique, and Tanzania is a significant outcome. These efforts aim to develop more productive cowpea lines for the region, enhancing food security and agricultural sustainability.
Response of plant life forms and soil physical properties to near-natural restoration measures in alpine grassland, Tibetan plateau
Authors: He Guoxing , Liu Xiaoni , Li Yali , Ji Tong 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionNear-natural restoration measures enhance the stability of plant life forms in degraded grasslands, facilitating the natural succession of plant communities.MethodsIn this study, we investigated the effects of three natural restoration measures on the alpine meadows of the northeastern Tibetan Plateau: banned grazing (BG), rest grazing (RG), traditional grazing (TG), and continuous grazing (CG). We utilized redundancy analysis (RDA), variation partitioning(VP), hierarchical partitioning (HP), and partial least squares pathway modeling (PLS-PM) to dissect the quantitative relationships between the distribution of plant life forms and soil physical properties under these restoration measures.Results and discussionThe results indicated the following: 1) Under each restoration measure, the distribution of life form plants were predominantly characterized by the highest number of hemicryptophytes, followed by geophytes, with the least number of therophytes. We found that the BG treatment had the highest hemicryptophyte height, coverage, aboveground biomass, and importance value, while the CG treatment had the lowest. 2) After near-natural restoration, the soil bulk density (BD) was decreased. The soil moisture characteristics (MC) were increased including soil saturated water content(SSWC), capillary water holding capacity (CWHC), field water capacity (FWC). And capillary porosity (CP) and non-capillary porosity (NP) were increased. 3) VP analysis revealed that MC, BD, and CP together explained 57.4% of the variation in plant life forms communities. 4) The hemicryptophytes benefited from restoration measures and increased CP. In contrast, the decrease in BD negatively affected geophytes. In summary, restoration measures reduce BD by enhancing MC and increasing CP, which affects the distribution of plant life forms. This finding reveals the important role of soil physical properties in plant survival strategies during alpine meadow restoration.
Sociodemographic predictors of flourishing among community older adults in China
Authors: Yi Xin , Liu Xiaoyun , Liu Xiaoqun , Chen Gang , Xie Yujie , Lin Chenhao , Lv Hangqin , Li Yingchun , Wu Shuang 
Published: January 2025

ObjectiveWith China becoming a rapidly aging society, the mental health of older adults has become an urgent concern. Past research on mental health assessment has primarily focused on psychopathological aspects such as depression or anxiety. In recent years, however, scholars in positive psychology have suggested that this may ignore the impact of individuals’ positive psychological qualities, such as well-being. “Flourishing” is a novel concept in the field of well-being. This adds to psychological well-being based on traditional social and subjective well-being. However, limited research has focused on the flourishing of older Chinese community-dwelling adults from the perspective of positive psychology. Therefore, this study explored the status and factors influencing flourishing among older Chinese community-dwelling adults.MethodsA total of 518 community-dwelling older adults living in Chengdu between January 2022 and March 2022 were included in this study through a cross-sectional survey. Participants completed the General Condition Questionnaire and the Flourishing Scale. The data were collected and recorded in a database using a two-person input format. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS Windows software version 26.0. Multivariate linear regression analysis was used to identify the factors influencing flourishing.ResultsThe mean score of the flourishing scale among Chinese community-dwelling older adults was 40.8 ± 8.8. Univariate analysis showed that economic condition, education level, spousal state, social participation, daily exercise, and chronic disease were significantly associated with flourishing among community-dwelling older adults. In contrast, gender, place of residence, and living state were not. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that economic condition (β = 0.338, p &lt; 0.001), education level (β = 0.300, p &lt; 0.001), spousal state (β = −0.291, p = 0.008), social participation (β = −0.286, p = 0.013), daily exercise (β = −0.407, p &lt; 0.001), and chronic disease (β = 0.313, p = 0.002) were significant influence factors of flourishing among community-dwelling older adults.ConclusionThis study is one of the first to explore the growth of community-dwelling older adults in China. The findings of this study make essential contributions to existing research on well-being. Interventions targeting older adults with poor economic conditions, lower educational levels, chronic diseases, limited social participation, and widowed or living alone are necessary.
Phenome-wide association studies between SERINC2 and neuropsychiatric disorders
Authors: Liu Ping , Luo Xinqun , Cao Liping , Zhang Yong , Ji Jiawu , Wang Xiaoping , Wang Kesheng , Pan Xinghua , Yang Ruilan , Tan Zewen , Tan Yunlong , Li Chiang-shan , Guo Xiaoyun , Wang Zhiren , Luo Xingguang 
Published: January 2025

ObjectivesSERINC2 has been associated with alcoholism, bipolar disorder and autism, but the comparability and specificity issues of the findings remain unaddressed. The present study aimed to comprehensively analyze various neuropsychiatric disorders pinpoint the most reliable conditions predisposed by SERINC2.MethodsA total of 2,187 imputed SNPs across SERINC2 were examined in 1,167,439 subjects from 72 independent cohorts with 18 different neuropsychiatric disorders. SNP-disease associations were tested and then meta-analyzed, followed by FDR correction, to identify significant disease-risk SNPs. Finally, functional studies on the differential SERINC2 mRNA expression in brains and the potential regulatory effects of disease-risk alleles on SERINC2 mRNA expression, gray matter volumes (GMVs) of subcortical structures, cortical surface area (SA) and average thickness (TH) were conducted.ResultsIn European descent, alcoholism was most significantly associated with SERINC2 variants (245 SNPs with 5.5×10-8≤p ≤ 0.049 and 4.9×10-5≤q ≤ 0.034) that were largely shared across cocaine dependence, marijuana dependence, nicotine dependence, polysubstance dependence, schizophrenia, OCD, and autism (8.2×10-8≤p ≤ 0.050 and 1.9×10-5≤q ≤ 0.049); in Chinese population, bipolar disorder was also significantly associated with SERINC2 variants (10 SNPs: 1.3×10-4≤p ≤ 4.7×10-4 and 0.025≤q ≤ 0.031). Furthermore, the disease-risk alleles had highly similar regulatory effects on mRNA expression (8.1×10-7≤p ≤ 0.046), subcortical GMVs (7.0×10-4≤p ≤ 0.048) and cortical TH and SA (1.3×10-3≤p ≤ 0.050) in brains across alcoholism, schizophrenia, OCD and autism. The bipolar disorder-risk alleles had these regulatory effects but with different effect patterns. Finally, SERINC2 mRNA was differentially expressed in several brain regions between alcoholism or schizophrenia and controls.ConclusionSERINC2 is primarily linked to substance use disorders, schizophrenia, OCD, autism and bipolar disorder, not only statistically but also biologically.
Subjective and objective stress during body exposure: a comparison of adolescents with anorexia nervosa versus high body dissatisfaction
Authors: Stonawski Valeska , Kuper Louisa , Rohleder Nicolas , Moll Gunther H. , Fischer Hannah , Plank Anne-Christine , Legenbauer Tanja , Kratz Oliver , Horndasch Stefanie 
Published: January 2025

ObjectiveBody dissatisfaction (BD) is a risk factor for the development of an eating disorder (ED) and a negative predictor for treatment outcome in adolescents with anorexia nervosa (AN). As a clinical core symptom and a relevant maintaining factor of AN, body image disturbance and BD are highly relevant target variables for therapeutic interventions. Body exposure (BE) was found as being effective for reducing BD in adolescents with EDs and high BD. However, the underlying mechanisms of BE are still not clear, with habituation processes being discussed as one possible mechanism.MethodsAffective and neurobiological processes during a four-session computer-based BE intervention were investigated. Within a controlled design comparing adolescents with AN (n = 34) vs. adolescent patients with high BD (n = 17) but without a diagnosed ED, subjective (stress ratings; 11-point Likert scale) and objective (salivary cortisol and alpha-amylase [sAA]) stress measures were assessed at four time points at each exposure session (start, +10 min, +30 min/end, +60 min/recovery). ED and depressive psychopathology were assessed via self-rating questionnaires.ResultsA between-session habituation effect was found for subjective stress ratings and sAA levels with decreasing scores throughout the four sessions. A within-session habituation was found for cortisol levels. Higher psychopathology was associated with subjective stress ratings. There were no group differences between AN and BD regarding ED psychopathology or subjective or objective stress measures. Subjective and objective stress measures were mainly not associated with each other.ConclusionsHabituation processes were found for subjective and objective stress, which might enhance motivation to continue BE interventions and thus increase their impact. BD seems to be a transdiagnostic phenomenon with BE as a successful intervention independent of psychiatric diagnosis. Current findings should be validated in larger samples, and the hypothesis of a transdiagnostic BD should be investigated in future research.
Anxiety disorders and the gut microbiota: a bibliometric and visual analysis
Authors: Guo Linli , Ding Qin , Li Qing , Zheng Danping , Guo Linglin , Cao Xiaotao , Mou Qianqian 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionAnxiety disorder is a common mental illness, yet its specific mechanisms remain unclear. Recent research has revealed a connection between gut microbiota and anxiety disorders. This study aims to assess the current global research landscape, highlight current topics of interest, and explore future research directions in the field of anxiety disorders and gut microbiota.MethodsWe extracted research review articles related to anxiety and gut microbiota from the Web of Science, covering the period from 2004 to 2023. We used VOSviewer 1.6.18.0, Scimago Graphica, and CiteSpace 6.2. R2 to visualize the contributions of countries, institutions, journals, authors, citations, and keywords in this field.ResultA total of 1198 articles were included in this bibliometric analysis. Over the past two decades, both publications and citations have shown a steady increase. China, the United States, and Canada were the top three countries in terms of publication output. John Cryan from University College Cork had the highest number of publications and citation impact in this area of research. The journal Nutrients had the highest number of publications, while Brain Behavior and Immunity had the most citations. Key research themes in recent years have included anxiety, gut microbiota, depression, stress, gut-brain axis, and probiotics, all of which are likely to be important future research directions.ConclusionThis analysis has key research areas and emerging trends, including risk factors, stressors, inflammatory responses, the gut-brain axis, and probiotics. These insights can guide researchers towards a more comprehensive understanding of recent advancements in this field, help shape future research directions and facilitate the identification of new therapeutic targets for anxiety disorder, ultimately improving clinical outcomes.
Metformin for neurocognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia: a systematic review
Authors: Qin Zhen-Juan , Shi Zhan-Ming , Li Li-Juan , Wei Xin , Hu Hui-Lin , Wei Wei , Xie Zhi-Yuan , Ji Hang-Xi , Wei Yu-Hua , Zheng Wei 
Published: January 2025

BackgroundThe efficacy and safety of metformin for addressing neurocognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia remain inconclusive. This systematic review evaluates the evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the effects of metformin on neurocognitive function in patients with schizophrenia.MethodsA comprehensive search of Chinese databases (WanFang, Chinese Journal Net) and English databases (PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Library) was conducted to identify RCTs assessing metformin’s impact on neurocognitive outcomes in schizophrenia.ResultsFour RCTs involving 271 patients with schizophrenia were included. Three RCTs (75%) demonstrated significant improvements in neurocognitive function with metformin compared to controls, as assessed by the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery, Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status, and Mini-Mental State Examination, but not the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia. Two RCTs (50%) evaluated metformin's effects on total psychopathology and found no significant differences between groups. Adverse events were reported in two RCTs, with inconsistent findings on decreased appetite and diarrhea. Other adverse events and discontinuation rates were comparable between groups.ConclusionPreliminary evidence suggests that metformin may improve neurocognitive function in schizophrenia. However, further large-scale, double-blind, high quality RCTs are warranted to validate these findings.