bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Successful treatment of descending necrotizing mediastinitis by combining a cervical approach with artificial pneumomediastinum and video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery: a case report
Authors: Tsuboi Mitsuhiro , Matsumoto Daisuke , Hirose Toshiyuki 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Descending necrotizing mediastinitis (DNM) is a fatal disease that originates from odontogenic, pharyngeal, and cervical infections and spreads to the mediastinum. Although adequate drainage of the neck and mediastinum is important, it may be excessively invasive. We report a case of DNM treated using a cervical approach with artificial pneumomediastinum and video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS).

Case presentation
A 69-year-old male patient who underwent gastrointestinal endoscopy 4 days prior to presentation was referred to our hospital for mediastinal air observed using computed tomography. He was diagnosed with DNM, and an emergency surgery was performed. We created a collar incision and performed drainage and debridement of the cervix. Then, we performed drainage of the retropharyngeal and upper mediastinum by inserting the mediastinoscope through the collar incision and creating artificial pneumomediastinum. Next, drainage of the thoracic cavity was performed during VATS. Subsequently, the abscess resolved, and the patient was discharged on postoperative day 28 without severe complications.

Conclusions
Surgical drainage using a cervical approach with artificial pneumomediastinum and VATS was useful for treating this case of DNM. This procedure could be a viable option for minimally invasive surgery for DNM.
Homoharringtonine-Based Induction Regimen Improved the Remission Rate and Survival Rate in Chinese Childhood AML: A Report From the CCLG-AML 2015 Protocol Study
Authors: Li Jing , Gao Ju , Liu Ansheng , Liu Wei , Xiong Hao , Liang Changda , Fang Yongjun , Dai Yunpeng , Shao Jingbo , Yu Hui , Wang Lingzhen , Wang Li , Yang Liangchun , Yan Mei , Zhai Xiaowen , Shi Xiaodong , Tian Xin , Ju Xiuli , Chen Yan , Wang Jing , Zhang Leping , Liang Hui , Chen Sen , Zhang Jingrong , Cao Haixia , Jin Jiao , Hu Qun , Wang Junlan , Wang Yilin , Zhou Min , Han Yueqin , Zhang Rong , Zhao Weihong , Wang Xiaoli , Lin Limin , Zhang Ruidong , Gao Chao , Xu Liting , Zhang Yuanyuan , Fan Jia , Wu Ying , Lin Wei , Yu Jiaole , Qi Peijing , Huang Pengli , Peng Xiaoxia , Peng Yaguang , Wang Tianyou , Zheng Huyong ,   for the Chinese Children's Leukemia Group
Published: August 2023

PURPOSE Homoharringtonine (HHT) is commonly used for the treatment of Chinese adult AML, and all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) has been verified in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). However, the efficacy and safety of HHT-based induction therapy have not been confirmed for childhood AML, and ATRA-based treatment has not been evaluated among patients with non-APL AML. PATIENTS AND METHODS This open-label, multicenter, randomized Chinese Children's Leukemia Group-AML 2015 study was performed across 35 centers in China. Patients with newly diagnosed childhood AML were first randomly assigned to receive an HHT-based (H arm) or etoposide-based (E arm) induction regimen and then randomly allocated to receive cytarabine-based (AC arm) or ATRA-based (AT arm) maintenance therapy. The primary end points were the complete remission (CR) rate after induction therapy, and the secondary end points were the overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS) at 3 years. RESULTS We enrolled 1,258 patients, of whom 1,253 were included in the intent-to-treat analysis. The overall CR rate was significantly higher in the H arm than in the E arm (79.9% v 73.9%, P = .014). According to the intention-to-treat analysis, the 3-year OS was 69.2% (95% CI, 65.1 to 72.9) in the H arm and 62.8% (95% CI, 58.7 to 66.6) in the E arm ( P = .025); the 3-year EFS was 61.1% (95% CI, 56.8 to 65.0) in the H arm and 53.4% (95% CI, 49.2 to 57.3) in the E arm ( P = .022). Among the per-protocol population, who received maintenance therapy, the 3-year EFS did not differ significantly across the four arms (H + AT arm: 70.7%, 95% CI, 61.1 to 78.3; H + AC arm: 74.8%, 95% CI, 67.0 to 81.0, P = .933; E + AC arm: 72.9%, 95% CI, 65.1 to 79.2, P = .789; E + AT arm: 66.2%, 95% CI, 56.8 to 74.0, P = .336). CONCLUSION HHT is an alternative combination regimen for childhood AML. The effects of ATRA-based maintenance are comparable with those of cytarabine-based maintenance therapy.
Approach to the Patient With Parathyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Cetani Filomena , Pardi Elena , Torregrossa Liborio , Borsari Simona , Pierotti Laura , Dinoi Elisa , Marcocci Claudio 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Parathyroid carcinoma (PC) is usually associated with severe symptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) and accounts for less than 1% of all cases of PHPT and approximately 0.005% of all cancers. PC most commonly occurs as a sporadic disease and somatic CDC73 mutations can be detected in up to 80% of cases. Approximately 30% of patients harbor a germline mutation of the CDC73 gene. Preoperative diagnosis of PC is difficult because no disease-specific markers are available, and PC should be suspected in patients with severe hypercalcemia and end-organ complications. The diagnosis is based on the evidence of invasive tumor growth at histology and/or metastases. En bloc resection of the tumor, together with the ipsilateral thyroid lobe and adjacent structures, should be performed by an experienced surgeon when PC is suspected. This surgical approach reduces the risk of recurrence and metastasis and offers the highest chance of cure. Nonetheless, PC has a recurrence rate of 40% to 60% and, if feasible, multiple surgical procedures should be performed. When surgery is no longer an option, medical treatment is aimed to reduce hypercalcemia and target organ complications. Targeted agents have been effectively used in a few cases.
We describe herein a patient with severe PHPT due to PC and provide a systematic diagnostic and treatment approach. A thorough review of the medical history, a typical clinical and biochemical phenotype and, in some cases, the revision of the histological examination provide the clues for the diagnosis of PC.
Refractory Thyroid Storm Due to Graves Disease in a Patient With Thymic Lymphoepithelial Carcinoma
Authors: Alkwatli Kenda , Azmath Misbah , Grover Prashant , Luthra Pooja 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Thyroid storm is a life-threatening endocrine emergency that warrants early clinical recognition and aggressive intervention. We present a 64-year-old female with no known history of thyroid disease, who presented to her primary care physician with dyspnea on exertion and was found to have an anterior mediastinal mass. She had elective thymectomy. Pathology confirmed thymic lymphoepithelial carcinoma. Postoperatively, she developed altered mental status, fever, and atrial fibrillation with marked elevation of thyroid hormones, consistent with thyroid storm. She decompensated rapidly and was treated aggressively with standard therapies for thyroid storm, including beta-blockers, methimazole, cholestyramine, steroids, and iodine, with poor response. The patient eventually underwent 4 sessions of therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) with marked improvement in her symptoms. This case reports a possible association between thymic lymphoepithelial carcinoma and Graves disease and highlights the utility of TPE in cases of severe thyroid storm that are refractory to traditional treatments. We learn from this case that evaluating thyroid function tests in patients with thymic or mediastinal masses before surgery might be helpful. TPE should be considered in patients with thyroid storm refractory to traditional therapies.
Older Patients With Asymptomatic Primary Hyperparathyroidism: Should Criteria for Surgery Be Expanded?
Authors: Bartz-Kurycki Marisa A , Dream Sophie , Yen Tina W , Doffek Kara , Shaker Joseph , Evans Douglas B , Wang Tracy S 
Published: August 2023

AbstractContextPatients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) can present with variable signs, symptoms, and end-organ effects. Clinical practice guidelines influence referral for consideration of parathyroidectomy.ObjectiveThis study compared the demographic, biochemical, and symptom profile and examine indications for surgery in patients older than 50 years who underwent parathyroidectomy to determine how changes to current guidelines may affect recommendations for parathyroidectomy.MethodsA retrospective review was conducted of patients age 50 years or older who underwent initial parathyroidectomy for sporadic PHPT from 2012 to 2020. Patients were classified by indications for surgery per guideline criteria (classic, asymptomatic, and no criteria met) and age group (AG): 50 to 59 years; 60 to 69 years; 70 years or older. Patients were treated at a high-volume tertiary medical center by endocrine surgeons.ResultsOf 1182 patients, 367 (31%) classic and 660 (56%) asymptomatic patients met the criteria for surgery. The most common indications for surgery were extent of hypercalcemia (51%), osteoporosis (28%), and nephrolithiasis (27%). Of the 155 (13%) patients who did not meet the criteria, neurocognitive symptoms (AG1: 88% vs AG2: 81% vs AG3: 70%; P = .14) and osteopenia (AG1: 53% vs AG2: 68% vs AG3: 68%; P = .43) were frequently observed regardless of patient age. If the age threshold of younger than 50 years was expanded to 60, 65, or 70 years, an additional 61 (5%), 99 (8%), and 124 (10%) patients in the entire cohort would have met the guideline criteria for surgery, respectively.ConclusionExpanding current guidelines for PHPT to include a broader age range, osteopenia, and neurocognitive symptoms may allow for earlier surgical referral and evaluation for definitive treatment.
NEFA Dynamics in Adults With Severe Obesity and Insulin Resistance: No Coupling to the rs9939609 FTO Risk Allele
Authors: Mostad Ingrid Løvold , Grill Valdemar 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Context
The FTO gene is highly expressed in adipose tissues; however, whether nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) dynamics are impacted by FTO has not been rigorously tested for in a uniformly obese study population comprising both sexes.

Objective
To test for associations of the rs9939609 FTO risk allele with NEFA suppression.

Methods
We investigated 97 subjects with severe obesity but without diabetes, having genotype TT (n = 32), AT (n = 31), or AA (n = 34) in a cross-sectional observation study. NEFA suppression was assessed from a low-dose hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp with glucose-tracer as well as from the response to a standardized meal. Insulin sensitivity was assessed by hepatic and total insulin sensitivity measurements in the clamp and by the Matsuda index during the meal. Variables of possible importance for NEFA dynamics were primarily assessed by linear regression.

Results
No genotype associations with fasting or suppressed NEFA were found, whether in the clamp or meal situation (P &gt; .7 for all comparisons). Independent of genotype, higher fasting concentrations of NEFA and larger NEFA suppression were found in female compared with male subjects. Fasting NEFA or degree of suppression were not associated with total fat mass or body mass index. The respiratory quotient was negatively associated with NEFA suppression.

Conclusion
In a gender-mixed adult population of obese individuals, an FTO obesity-risk allele did not affect fasting NEFA nor suppression thereof. These negative results on NEFA dynamics appear strengthened by the documentation of gender influence and associations with parameters reflective of insulin resistance.
kcnj13regulates pigment cell shapes in zebrafish and has diverged by cis-regulatory evolution betweenDaniospecies
Authors: Podobnik Marco , Singh Ajeet P. , Fu Zhenqiang , Dooley Christopher M. , Frohnhöfer Hans Georg , Firlej Magdalena , Stednitz Sarah J. , Elhabashy Hadeer , Weyand Simone , Weir John R. , Lu Jianguo , Nüsslein-Volhard Christiane , Irion Uwe 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACTTeleost fish of the genus Danio are excellent models to study the genetic and cellular bases of pigment pattern variation in vertebrates. The two sister species Danio rerio and Danio aesculapii show divergent patterns of horizontal stripes and vertical bars that are partly caused by the divergence of the potassium channel gene kcnj13. Here, we show that kcnj13 is required only in melanophores for interactions with xanthophores and iridophores, which cause location-specific pigment cell shapes and thereby influence colour pattern and contrast in D. rerio. Cis-regulatory rather than protein coding changes underlie kcnj13 divergence between the two Danio species. Our results suggest that homotypic and heterotypic interactions between the pigment cells and their shapes diverged between species by quantitative changes in kcnj13 expression during pigment pattern diversification.
Acceptance of the disease by patients over 70 with chronic heart failure
Authors: Sternal Danuta , Dzięcielska Ewa , Bąk Ewelina 
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Chronic circulatory failure is a very serious and complex problem, constituting a significant health problem not only in Poland, but also worldwide. Treated patients with chronic circulatory failure in everyday life experience many limitations and requirements from the disease, which in many respects is difficult to accept.
Aim: Diagnosing the disease acceptance rate and understanding the impact of sociodemographic variables, variables specific to clinical parameters, on the degree of disease acceptance by patients with chronic heart failure hospitalized in the hospital.
Materials and methods: The research was carried out using the diagnostic survey method, using the author's own questionnaire and the AIS disease acceptance scale. The study was conducted among 98 patients of the Cardiology Department of the Railway Hospital in Wilkowice-Bystra.
Results: The analysis of the degree of acceptance of the disease gives an average value of 21.49. The obtained result is in the lower limit of the reference range, indicating an average level of disease acceptance and adaptation to functioning in everyday life with its presence, while the obtained minimum value (8) and Q1 (17) indicate a low disease acceptance rate.
Conclusions: On the basis of the conducted research, it is found that the average and low rate of accepting the disease by the subjects and adapting to it with a sense of psychological discomfort resulting from its presence in everyday life.
Inventory Control and Learning for One-Warehouse Multistore System with Censored Demand
Authors: Bekci Recep Yusuf , Gümüş Mehmet , Miao Sentao 
Published: August 2023

Efficient Learning Algorithms for Dynamic Inventory Allocation in Multiwarehouse Multistore Systems with Censored Demand Motivated by collaboration with a prominent fast-fashion retailer in Europe, the researchers focus their attention on the one-warehouse multistore (OWMS) inventory control problem, specifically addressing scenarios in which the demand distribution is unknown a priori. The OWMS problem revolves around a central warehouse that receives initial replenishments and subsequently distributes inventory to multiple stores within a finite time horizon. The objective lies in minimizing the total expected cost. To overcome the hurdles posed by the unknown demand distribution, the researchers propose a primal-dual algorithm that continuously learns from demand observations and dynamically adjusts inventory control decisions in real time. Thorough theoretical analysis and empirical evaluations highlight the promising performance of this approach, offering valuable insights for efficient inventory allocation within the ever-evolving retail industry.
Optical attenuation performance of bioaerosols withstanding extreme temperature desiccation stresses
Authors: Wang Xinyu , Hu Yihua , Yang Xing , Gu Youlin , Chen Xi , Xu Haoli , Wang Peng 
Published: August 2023

Bioaerosols exhibit significant broadband extinction performance and significantly affect climate change, optical detection, communications, and the development of optical attenuation materials. However, it is unclear whether the extinction ability of bioaerosols can withstand extreme conditions such as high temperature desiccation and freezing temperature desiccation. This limits further research on and the application of bioaerosols. Here, we investigate the variations in the composition, functional groups, and protein secondary structure of bioaerosol spores as they withstand extreme temperatures of 60°C and −70∘C. The extinction performance of the bioaerosols withstanding stress is obtained through simulation. Data from an aerosol chamber experiment showed that bioaerosols exhibit significant optical attenuation performance, even after withstanding extreme temperature desiccation stresses. Bioaerosols that withstand both high temperature desiccation and freezing temperature stresses can attenuate the transmittance of incident light in the mid-IR band to approximately 10% and that of incident light in the far-IR band to approximately 25%–35% for 3 min. This study illustrates the significant optical attenuation performance of bioaerosols with respect to extreme temperature desiccation stresses, which broadens the application scenario of bioaerosols as optical attenuation materials and provides a reliable choice for optical attenuation materials in extreme temperatures.
Electronic health record-based readmission risk model performance for patients undergoing outpatient parenteral antibiotic therapy (OPAT)
Authors: Drew Richard , Brenneman Ethan , Funaro Jason , Lee Hui-Jie , Yarrington Michael , Dicks Kristen , Gallagher David 
Published: August 2023

Background
Outpatient Parenteral Antibiotic Therapy (OPAT) provides coordinated services to deliver parenteral antibiotics outside of the acute care setting. However, the reduction in monitoring and supervision may impact the risks of readmission to the hospital. While identifying those at greatest risk of hospital readmission through use of computer decision support systems could aid in its prevention, validation of such tools in this patient population is lacking.

Objective
The primary aim of this study is to determine the ability of the electronic health record-embedded EPIC Unplanned Readmission Model 1 to predict all-cause 30-day hospital unplanned readmissions in discharged patients receiving OPAT through the Duke University Heath System (DUHS) OPAT program. We then explored the impact of OPAT-specific variables on model performance.

Methods
This retrospective cohort study included patients ≥ 18 years of age discharged to home or skilled nursing facility between July 1, 2019 –February 1, 2020 with OPAT care initiated inpatient and coordinated by the DUHS OPAT program and with at least one Epic readmission score during the index hospitalization. Those with a planned duration of OPAT < 7 days, receiving OPAT administered in a long-term acute care facility (LTAC), or ongoing renal replacement therapy were excluded. The relationship between the primary outcome (unplanned readmission during 30-day post-index discharge) and Epic readmission scores during the index admission (discharge and maximum) was examined using multivariable logistic regression models adjusted for additional predictors. The performance of the models was assessed with the scaled Brier score for overall model performance, the area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (C-index) for discrimination ability, calibration plot for calibration, and Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test for model fit.

Results
The models incorporating maximum or discharge Epic readmission scores showed poor discrimination ability (C-index 0.51, 95% CI 0.45 to 0.58 for both models) in predicting 30-day unplanned readmission in the Duke OPAT cohort. Incorporating additional OPAT-specific variables did not improve the discrimination ability (C-index 0.55, 95% CI 0.49 to 0.62 for the max score; 0.56, 95% CI 0.49 to 0.62 for the discharge score). Although models for predicting 30-day unplanned OPAT-related readmission performed slightly better, discrimination ability was still poor (C-index 0.54, 95% CI 0.45 to 0.62 for both models).

Conclusion
EPIC Unplanned Readmission Model 1 scores were not useful in predicting either all-cause or OPAT-related 30-day unplanned readmission in the DUHS OPAT cohort. Further research is required to assess other predictors that can distinguish patients with higher risks of 30-day unplanned readmission in the DUHS OPAT patients.
Reproducibility of knee extensor and flexor contraction velocity in healthy men and women assessed using tensiomyography: A registered report
Authors: Langen Georg , Lohr Christine , Ueberschär Olaf , Behringer Michael 
Published: August 2023

Background
Tensiomyography measures the radial displacement of a muscle during an electrically evoked twitch contraction. Different concepts to determine the rate of displacement (Vc) from the maximum twitch exist, but information on their reproducibility is scarce. Further, different inter-stimuli intervals during progressive stimulation are used, but the effect of different intervals on Vc is unclear.

Objectives
The first aim of this study was to investigate the within and between-day reliability of the five most frequently used Vc concepts. The second aim was to investigate the effect of different inter-stimuli intervals on Vc.

Methods
On two consecutive days, we determined Vc of the biceps femoris long head and rectus femoris of twenty-four healthy subjects. The maximum displacement was determined twice within three minutes on day one and a third time 24 h later. Also, on day two, we applied three blocks of ten consecutive stimuli at a constant intensity of 50 mA, separated by 3 min each. Inter-stimuli intervals in randomly ordered blocks were 10 s, 20 s or 30 s, respectively.

Results
All Vc concepts displayed good to excellent relative (ICC 0.87–0.99) and generally good absolute within- and between-day reliability for both muscles. Across Vc-concepts, absolute reliability was higher for the rectus femoris (CV% 1.3–7.95%) compared to the biceps femoris (CV% 6.06–15.30%). In both muscles, Vc was generally not affected by different inter-stimuli intervals. For most Vc concepts, repeated stimulation induced an increase regardless of the inter-stimuli interval, but this effect was mainly trivial and small at most.

Conclusions
The reproducibility of Vc concepts was generally good but varies between different muscles. A rest interval of 10 s seems preferable to longer intervals for less time required per measurement. Following this initial study, the effect of different inter-stimuli intervals on Vc should be further investigated.