bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Remission of lupus nephritis: the trajectory of histological response in successfully treated patients
Authors: Malvar Ana , Alberton Valeria , Lococo Bruno , Lourenco Maria , Martinez Joaquin , Burna Lucrecia , Besso Celeste , Navarro Jordi , Nagaraja Haikady N , Khatiwada Aastha , Wolf Bethany , Rovin Brad 
Published: May 2023

ObjectiveThis study investigated changes in kidney histology over time in patients with lupus nephritis (LN) undergoing immunosuppressive treatment.MethodsPatients with proliferative±membranous LN were studied. After a diagnostic kidney biopsy (Bx1), patients had protocol biopsy 2 (Bx2) at 9 (6–15) months and protocol biopsy 3 (Bx3) at 42 (28–67) months. Kidney histological activity and chronicity indices (AI, CI) were measured.ResultsAI declined in a biphasic fashion, falling rapidly between Bx1 and Bx2 and then more slowly between Bx2 and Bx3. Patients were divided into those who achieved histological remission, defined as an AI=0 at Bx3 (group 1), and those with persistent histological activity (AI >0) at Bx3 (group 2). The early decline in AI was 1.6 times greater (95% CI 1.30, 1.91) in group 1 than group 2 (p=0.01). Between Bx2 and Bx3, the AI decline was 2.19-fold greater (95% CI 2.09, 2.29) in group 1 versus group 2 (p=7.34×10−5). Individual histological components of the AI resolved at different rates. Inflammatory lesions like glomerular crescents, karyorrhexis and necrosis mostly resolved by Bx2, whereas endocapillary hypercellularity, subendothelial hyaline deposits and interstitial inflammation resolved slowly, accounting for residual histological activity at biopsy 3 in group 2. In contrast, CI increased rapidly, by 0.15 units/month between Bx1 and Bx2, then plateaued. There were no differences in the rate of accumulation of chronic damage between group 1 and group 2. The increase in CI was significantly related to the severity of glomerular crescents (p=0.044), subendothelial hyaline deposits (p=0.002) and interstitial inflammation (p=0.015) at Bx1.ConclusionsLN histological activity takes months to years to resolve, providing a rationale for the need of long-term, well-tolerated maintenance immunosuppression. Despite responding, LN kidneys accrue chronic damage early during treatment. This finding provides an explanation for the association of chronic progressive kidney disease with recurrent episodes of LN.
Excesses in the low-mass Higgs-boson search and the $$\varvec{W}$$-boson mass measurement
Authors: Biekötter T. , Heinemeyer S. , Weiglein G. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe CDF collaboration recently reported a measurement of the W-boson mass $$M_W$$

M
W

whose value shows a large upward deviation from the Standard Model (SM) prediction. The question arises whether such large values of $$M_W$$

M
W

could be accommodated in extensions of the SM without violating other constraints and which phenomenological consequences this would have. A different type of deviation from the SM has been observed experimentally in the searches for light Higgs bosons. CMS has observed two excesses with a local significance of about $$3\,\sigma $$

3

σ

in the $$\gamma \gamma $$

γ
γ

and $$\tau ^+\tau ^-$$

τ
+

τ
-

final states for a hypothetical Higgs-boson mass of approximately 95 GeV. These two excesses are compatible with the corresponding ATLAS limits. Earlier an excess was also observed in the Higgs-boson searches at LEP in the $$b {\bar{b}}$$

b

b

¯

final state at the local $$2\,\sigma $$

2

σ

confidence level at about the same mass. It was shown recently that the three excesses can be accommodated in a Two-Higgs-Doublet Model that is extended with a real singlet (N2HDM) of Yukawa type IV, while being in agreement with all other theoretical and experimental constraints. We demonstrate here that the region of the parameter space that describes the three excesses can also give rise to a large contribution to $$M_W$$

M
W

in agreement with the recent CDF measurement. We discuss further phenomenological consequences of this scenario.
Spin-orbital correlations in the two-orbital Hubbard model
Authors: Romano Alfonso , Guerra Delia , Forte Filomena , Noce Canio 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe use exact diagonalization results to investigate how the ground state of a two-site, two-orbital Hubbard model evolves in terms of the crystal field energy and a magnetic spin symmetry breaking field. We show that, based on the behavior of a properly defined composite spin-orbital correlation function, the different regions of the related phase diagrams can be classified according to the extent to which spin and orbital degrees of freedom turn out to be correlated.
Reconfiguration of Hamiltonian Cycles in Rectangular Grid Graphs
Authors: Nishat Rahnuma Islam , Whitesides Sue 
Published: May 2023

We study reconfiguration of simple Hamiltonian cycles in a rectangular grid graph [Formula: see text], where the Hamiltonian cycle in each step of the reconfiguration connects every internal vertex of [Formula: see text] to a boundary vertex by a single straight line segment. We introduce two operations, flip and transpose, which are local to the grid. We show that any simple cycle of [Formula: see text] can be reconfigured to any other simple cycle of [Formula: see text] using [Formula: see text] flip and transpose operations. Our result proves that the simple Hamiltonian cycle graph [Formula: see text] is connected with respect to those two operations and has diameter [Formula: see text].
Cache Programming for Scientific Loops Using Leases
Authors: Reber Benjamin , Gould Matthew , Kneipp Alexander H. , Liu Fangzhou , Prechtl Ian , Ding Chen , Chen Linlin , Patru Dorin 
Published: May 2023

Cache management is important in exploiting locality and reducing data movement. This article studies a new type of programmable cache called the lease cache. By assigning leases, software exerts the primary control on when and how long data stays in the cache. Previous work has shown an optimal solution for an ideal lease cache.
This article develops and evaluates a set of practical solutions for a physical lease cache emulated in FPGA with the full suite of PolyBench benchmarks. Compared to automatic caching, lease programming can further reduce data movement by 10% to over 60% when the data size is 16 times to 3,000 times the cache size, and the techniques in this article realize over 80% of this potential. Moreover, lease programming can reduce data movement by another 0.8% to 20% after polyhedral locality optimization.
Spatial Immunoprofiling of Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma Reveals B7-H4 Is a Therapeutic Target for Aggressive Tumors
Authors: Sousa Luana Guimaraes , McGrail Daniel J. , Lazar Neto Felippe , Li Kaiyi , Marques-Piubelli Mario L. , Ferri-Borgogno Sammy , Dai Hui , Mitani Yoshitsugu , Spardy Burr Nicole , Cooper Zachary A. , Kinneer Krista , Cortez Maria Angelica , Lin Shiaw-Yih , Bell Diana , El Naggar Adel , Burks Jared , Ferrarotto Renata 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Purpose:
Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is a heterogeneous malignancy, and no effective systemic therapy exists for metastatic disease. We previously described two prognostic ACC molecular subtypes with distinct therapeutic vulnerabilities, ACC-I and ACC-II. In this study, we explored the ACC tumor microenvironment (TME) using RNA-sequencing and spatial biology to identify potential therapeutic targets.

Experimental Design:
Tumor samples from 62 ACC patients with available RNA-sequencing data that had been collected as part of previous studies were stained with a panel of 28 validated metal-tagged antibodies. Imaging mass cytometry (IMC) was performed using the Fluidigm Helios CyTOF instrument and analyzed with Visiopharm software. The B7-H4 antibody–drug conjugate AZD8205 was tested in ACC patient-derived xenografts (PDX).

Results:
RNA deconvolution revealed that most ACCs are immunologically “cold,” with approximately 30% being “hot.” ACC-I tumors with a poor prognosis harbored a higher density of immune cells; however, spatial analysis by IMC revealed that ACC-I immune cells were significantly restricted to the stroma, characterizing an immune-excluded TME. ACC-I tumors overexpressed the immune checkpoint B7-H4, and the degree of immune exclusion was directly correlated with B7-H4 expression levels, an independent predictor of poor survival. Two ACC-I/B7-H4-high PDXs obtained 90% complete responses to a single dose of AZD8205, but none were observed with isotype-conjugated payload or in an ACC-II/B7-H4 low PDX.

Conclusions:
Spatial analysis revealed that ACC subtypes have distinct TMEs, with enrichment of ACC-I immune cells that are restricted to the stroma. B7-H4 is highly expressed in poor-prognosis ACC-I subtype and is a potential therapeutic target.
Targeting Fatty Acid Reprogramming Suppresses CARM1-expressing Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Lombardi Simona , Goldman Aaron R. , Tang Hsin-Yao , Kossenkov Andrew V. , Liu Heng , Zhou Wei , Herlyn Meenhard , Lin Jianhuang , Zhang Rugang 
Published: May 2023

The arginine methyltransferase CARM1 exhibits high expression levels in several human cancers, with the trend also observed in ovarian cancer. However, therapeutic approaches targeting tumors that overexpress CARM1 have not been explored. Cancer cells exploit metabolic reprogramming such as fatty acids for their survival. Here we report that CARM1 promotes monounsaturated fatty acid synthesis and fatty acid reprogramming represents a metabolic vulnerability for CARM1-expressing ovarian cancer. CARM1 promotes the expression of genes encoding rate-limiting enzymes of de novo fatty acid metabolism such as acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC1) and fatty acid synthase (FASN). In addition, CARM1 upregulates stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) that produces monounsaturated fatty acid by desaturation. Thus, CARM1 enhances de novo fatty acids synthesis which was subsequently utilized for synthesis of monounsaturated fatty acids. Consequently, inhibition of SCD1 suppresses the growth of ovarian cancer cells in a CARM1 status–dependent manner, which was rescued by the addition of monounsaturated fatty acids. Consistently, CARM1-expressing cells were more tolerant to the addition of saturated fatty acids. Indeed, SCD1 inhibition demonstrated efficacy against ovarian cancer in both orthotopic xenograft and syngeneic mouse models in a CARM1-dependent manner. In summary, our data show that CARM1 reprograms fatty acid metabolism and targeting SCD1 through pharmacological inhibition can serve as a potent therapeutic approach for CARM1-expressing ovarian cancers.

Significance:
CARM1 reprograms fatty acid metabolism transcriptionally to support ovarian cancer growth by producing monounsaturated fatty acids, supporting SCD1 inhibition as a rational strategy for treating CARM1-expressing ovarian cancer.
Pulsed Field Versus Cryoballoon Pulmonary Vein Isolation for Atrial Fibrillation: Efficacy, Safety, and Long-Term Follow-Up in a 400-Patient Cohort
Authors: Urbanek Lukas , Bordignon Stefano , Schaack David , Chen Shaojie , Tohoku Shota , Efe Tolga Han , Ebrahimi Ramin , Pansera Francesco , Hirokami Jun , Plank Karin , Koch Alexander , Schulte-Hahn Britta , Schmidt Boris , Chun Kyoung-Ryul Julian 
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND:
The cryoballoon (CB) represents the gold standard single-shot device for pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Single-shot pulsed field PVI ablation (nonthermal, cardiac tissue selective) has recently entered the arena. We sought to compare procedural data and long-term outcome of both techniques.

METHODS:
Consecutive AF patients who underwent pulsed field ablation (PFA) and CB-based PVI were enrolled. CB PVI was performed using the second-generation 28-mm CB; PFA was performed using a 31/35-mm pentaspline catheter. Success was defined as freedom from atrial tachyarrhythmia after a 3-month blanking period.

RESULTS:

Four hundred patients were included (56.5% men; 60.8% paroxysmal AF; age 70 [interquartile range, 59–77] years), 200 in each group (CB and PFA), and baseline characteristics did not differ. Acute PVI was achieved in 100% of PFA and in 98% (196/200) of CB patients (
P
=0.123; 4 touch-up ablations). Median procedure time was significantly shorter in PFA (34.5 [29–40] minutes) versus CB (50 [45–60] minutes;
P
<0.001), fluoroscopy time was similar. Overall procedural complications were 6.5% in CB and 3.0% in PFA (
P
=0.1), driven by a higher rate of phrenic nerve palsies using CB. The 1-year success rates in paroxysmal AF (CB, 83.1%; PFA, 80.3%;
P
=0.724) and persistent AF (CB, 71%; PFA, 66.8%;
P
=0.629) were similar for both techniques.

CONCLUSIONS:
PFA compared with CB PVI shows a similar procedural efficacy but is associated with shorter procedure time and no phrenic nerve palsies. Importantly, 12-month clinical success rates are favorable but not different between both groups.
Blood Pressure and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality Among US Adults: A Sex-Stratified Analysis, 1999–2019
Authors: Elfassy Tali , German Charles A. , Muntner Paul , Choi Eunhee , Contreras Gabriel , Shimbo Daichi , Yang Eugene 
Published: May 2023

Background:
Most research examining the association between blood pressure (BP) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) is sex-agnostic. Our goal was to assess sex-specific associations between BP and CVD mortality.

Methods:

We combined ten cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999–2018), N=53 289. Blood pressure was measured 3× and averaged. Data were linked to National Death Index data, and CVD mortality through December 31, 2019, was defined from
International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision
codes. We estimated sex-stratified, multivariable-adjusted incidence rate ratios (IRRs) for CVD mortality.

Results:

Over a median follow-up of 9.5 years, there were 2405 CVD deaths. Associations between categories of systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) with CVD mortality differed by sex (
P
<0.01). Among men, compared with SBP of 100 to <110 mm Hg, CVD mortality was 76% higher with SBP ≥160 mm Hg (IRR, 1.76 [95% CI, 1.27–2.44]). Among women, compared with SBP 100 to < 110 mm Hg, CVD mortality was 61% higher with SBP 130 to 139 mm Hg (IRR, 1.61 [95% CI, 1.02–2.55]), 75% higher with SBP 140 to 159 mm Hg (IRR, 1.75 [95% CI, 1.09–2.80]), and 113% higher with SBP≥160 mm Hg (IRR, 2.13 [95% CI, 1.35–3.36]). Compared with DBP 70 to <80 mm Hg, CVD mortality was higher with DBP <70 mm Hg and DBP≥80 mm Hg among men, and higher with DBP <50 mm Hg and DBP≥80 mm Hg among women.

Conclusions:
The association between BP and CVD mortality differed by sex, with increased CVD mortality risk present at lower levels of systolic blood pressure among women compared with men.
Evaluating the Evidence for the Functional Inhibition Account of Alpha-band Oscillations during Preparatory Attention
Authors: Morrow Audrey , Elias Mackenzie , Samaha Jason 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The functional inhibition account states that alpha-band (8–14 Hz) power implements attentional control by selectively inhibiting task-irrelevant neural representations. This account has been well supported by decades of correlational research showing attention-related changes in the topography of alpha power in anticipation of task-relevant stimuli and is a viable theory of how attention impacts sensory processing, namely, via alpha power changes in sensory areas before stimulus onset. In addition, attention is known to modulate neural responses to stimuli themselves. Thus, a critical prediction of the functional inhibition account is that preparatory alpha modulations should explain variance in the degree of attention-related modulation of neural responses to stimuli. The present article sought evidence for or against this prediction by scouring the literature on attention and alpha oscillations to review papers that explicitly correlated attention-related changes in prestimulus alpha with attention-related changes in stimulus-evoked neural activity. Surprisingly, out of over 100 papers that were examined, we found only nine that explicitly computed such relationships. The results of these nine papers were mixed, with some in support and some arguing against the functional inhibition account of alpha. Our synthesis draws out common design features that may help explain when effects are observed or not. Even among studies that do find correlations, there is inconsistency as to whether preparatory alpha modulations are predictive of sensory or postsensory components of stimulus responses, highlighting avenues for future research. A clear outcome of this review is that future studies on the role of alpha in attentional processing should analyze correlations between attention effects on alpha and attention effects on stimulus-evoked activity, as more data pertinent to this hypothesized relationship are needed.
Theoretical and Technical Issues Concerning the Measurement of Alpha Frequency and the Application of Signal Detection Theory: Comment on Buergers and Noppeney (2022)
Authors: Kawashima Tomoya , Nakayama Ryohei , Amano Kaoru 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Classical and recent evidence has suggested that alpha oscillations play a critical role in temporally discriminating or binding successively presented items. Challenging this view, Buergers and Noppeney [Buergers, S., & Noppeney, U. The role of alpha oscillations in temporal binding within and across the senses. Nature Human Behaviour, 6, 732–742, 2022] found that by combining EEG, psychophysics, and signal detection theory, neither prestimulus nor resting-state alpha frequency influences perceptual sensitivity and bias in the temporal binding task. We propose the following four points that should be considered when interpreting the role of alpha oscillations, and especially their frequency, on perceptual temporal binding: (1) Multiple alpha components can be contaminated in conventional EEG analysis; (2) the effect of alpha frequency on perception will interact with alpha power; (3) prestimulus and resting-state alpha frequency can be different from poststimulus alpha frequency, which is the frequency during temporal binding and should be more directly related to temporal binding; and (4) when applying signal detection theory under the assumption of equal variance, the assumption is often incomplete and can be problematic (e.g., the magnitude relationships between individuals in parametric sensitivity may change when converted into nonparametric sensitivity). Future directions, including solutions to each of the issues, are discussed.
Electroencephalographic Signature of Out-of-Body Experiences Induced by Virtual Reality: A Novel Methodological Approach
Authors: Martial Charlotte , Cassol Helena , Slater Mel , Bourdin Pierre , Mensen Armand , Oliva Ramon , Laureys Steven , Núñez Pablo 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Out-of-body experiences (OBEs) are subjective experiences of seeing one's own body and the environment from a location outside the physical body. They can arise spontaneously or in specific conditions, such as during the intake of dissociative drug. Given its unpredictable occurrence, one way to empirically study it is to induce subjective experiences resembling an OBE using technology such as virtual reality. We employed a complex multisensory method of virtual embodiment in a virtual reality scenario with seven healthy participants to induce virtual OBE-like experiences. Participants performed two conditions in a randomly determined order. For both conditions, the participant's viewpoint was lifted out of the virtual body toward the ceiling of the virtual room, and real body movements were (visuo-tactile ON condition) or were not (visuo-tactile OFF condition) translated into movements on the virtual body below—the latter aiming to maintain a feeling of connection with the virtual body. A continuous 128-electrode EEG was recorded. Participants reported subjective experiences of floating in the air and of feeling high up in the virtual room at a strong intensity, but a weak to moderate feeling of being “out of their body” in both conditions. The EEG analysis revealed that this subjective experience was associated with a power shift that manifested in an increase of delta and a decrease of alpha relative power. A reduction of theta complexity and an increase of beta-2 connectivity were also found. This supports the growing body of evidence revealing a prominent role of delta activity during particular conscious states.
A New Verification Approach? Using Coupled Natural–Human Models to Evaluate the Impact of Forecast Errors on Evacuations
Authors: Harris Austin , Roebber Paul , Morss Rebecca 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In addition to measuring forecast accuracy in terms of errors in a tropical system’s forecast track and other meteorological characteristics, it is important to measure the impact of those errors on society. With this in mind, the authors designed a coupled natural–human modeling framework with high-level representations of the natural hazard (hurricane), the human system (information flow, evacuation decisions), the built environment (road infrastructure), and connections between elements (forecasts and warning information, traffic). Using the model, this article begins exploring how tropical cyclone forecast errors impact evacuations and, in doing so, builds toward the development of new verification approaches. Specifically, the authors implement track errors representative of 2007 and 2022, and create situations with unexpected rapid intensification and/or rapid onset, and evaluate their impact on evacuations across real and hypothetical forecast scenarios (e.g., Hurricane Irma, Hurricane Dorian making landfall across east Florida). The results provide first-order evidence that 1) reduced forecast track errors across the 2007–22 period translate to improvements in evacuation outcomes across these cases and 2) unexpected rapid intensification and/or rapid onset scenarios can reduce evacuation rates, and increase traffic, across the most impacted areas. In exploring these relationships, the results demonstrate how experiments with coupled natural–human models can offer a societally relevant complement to traditional metrics of forecast accuracy. In doing so, this work points toward further development of natural–human models and associated methodologies to address these types of questions and improve forecast verification across the weather enterprise.