bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is psychology of money a gendered affair? A scoping review and research agenda
Authors: Sesini Giulia , Manzi Claudia , Lozza Edoardo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe study of gender differences in the financial domain is gaining increasing attention as evidenced by the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Previous research has highlighted the existence of a gender divide in many economic issues; however, there is still a lack of comprehensive understanding of the psychological aspects of money management. This systematic scoping review aims to fill this gap by outlining gender differences in money attitudes and money management practices, adopting the Scientific Procedures and Rationales for Systematic Literature Reviews protocol as methodological guideline. An extensive analytical strategy was employed on Scopus, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and EconLit to identify 100 empirical papers on the topic, published between 1972 and 2021. The analysis revealed clear differences in how men and women approach to money from a symbolic and attitudinal perspective, whereas evidence of money management practices is more complex and sometimes conflicting. Men and women hold different conceptions of money, with men often looking at it as a symbol of success and power and women holding more ambivalent attitudes toward money as both a source of anxiety and a means to ensure security and prove their love. As far as for financial behaviors studies indicate that both genders have similar approaches to savings and expenses monitoring, while financial investments are primarily pursued by men. Future directions and suggestions for private and public institutions are discussed, highlighting research advancements and implications for gender empowerment programs and customized communications.
A cross‐sectional study of discipline‐based self‐perceived digital literacy competencies of nursing students
Authors: Martzoukou Konstantina , Luders Errol Sadullah , Mair Jane , Kostagiolas Petros , Johnson Neil , Work Fiona , Fulton Crystal 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimsThis study offers an empirical exploration of self‐assessed digital competencies of students, most of whom studied in nursing courses, using a discipline‐based self‐assessment survey tool. A range of digital competencies were explored: information and communication technology proficiency and productivity, information literacy, digital creation, digital research, digital communication, digital learning and development, digital innovation, digital identity management and digital well‐being.DesignA cross‐sectional empirical study.MethodsQuantitative data were collected from November to December 2021 via a questionnaire survey administered to students. Quantitative results were reported through descriptive statistical analysis. Mann–Whitney (U‐test) and Kruskal–Wallis non‐parametric statistical tests were used to identify statistically significant differences based on age demographics and pre‐ or post‐registration course. Thematic analysis was utilized for survey open‐ended questions data.ResultsStudents reported low competencies in the following digital literacy dimensions, all of which were imperative for their studies and for their future professional careers: information literacy, digital research, digital innovation. Significant statistical subgroup differences were found between age demographics and pre/post‐registration within most of the digital competence dimensions. The survey open‐ended comments revealed that students encountered challenges around digital skills they had mostly developed via everyday life experiences and trial‐and‐error approaches.ConclusionIncreasing awareness of existing digital gaps and offering tailored digital skills enhancement can empower students as future‐proof evidence‐based practitioners in an evolving digital healthcare landscape.Implications for the Profession and/or Patient CareHighlights the importance of embedding digital literacy within nursing study programmes, as preparation for comprehensive patient healthcare.Impact

Offers insights into digital competencies gaps of nursing students.

Proposes targeted educational digital skills training interventions.

Stresses the value of academic staff supporting nursing students to develop digital skills in important areas of professional practice.

Reporting MethodJBI critical appraisal checklist.No patient or public contribution.
Self‐Reported Anxiety and Perception of Safety Following School Lockdown Drills among Adolescent Youth*
Authors: Riggs Alexandra , Bergmann Kelly R. , Zagel Alicia L. 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDLockdown drills are mandated within many educational settings in the US; they may contribute to adverse mental health and there is little to suggest their effectiveness. We describe factors associated with post‐drill anxiety and perceived effectiveness of drills.METHODSWe surveyed youth‐caregiver dyads presenting to the pediatric emergency department. Nonparametric tests compared factors across groups of child anxiety and caregiver perceived effectiveness of drills. Kappa statistics (κ) measured child‐caregiver agreement on post‐drill anxiety and depression symptoms.RESULTS108 child‐caregiver dyads were included. Post‐lockdown drill anxiety was reported by 27% of children; those reporting anxiety were more likely to have histories of bullying or skipping school for safety (p = 0.0004). Of caregivers, 47% believed drills effectively prevent firearm injury. There was a significant disparity between child and caregiver report of post‐drill mental health symptomatology (κ anxiety = 0.19; κ depression = 0.30).Implications for School Health, Policy, Practice, and Equity: Understanding factors contributing to anxiety surrounding lockdown drills and perception of drill effectiveness may aid policy decisions and resource allocation.CONCLUSIONSLockdown drills may increase mental health symptoms in children, while caregivers may not recognize this occurrence. Studies to identify risk factors of acute and chronic post‐lockdown drill anxiety will help determine how to better serve youth.
When adaptation is slowed down: Genomic analysis of evolutionary stasis in thermal tolerance during biological invasion in a novel climate
Authors: Bock Dan G. , Baeckens Simon , Kolbe Jason J. , Losos Jonathan B. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractResearch conducted during the past two decades has demonstrated that biological invasions are excellent models of rapid evolution. Even so, characteristics of invasive populations such as a short time for recombination to assemble optimal combinations of alleles may occasionally limit adaptation to new environments. Here, we investigated such genetic constraints to adaptation in the invasive brown anole (Anolis sagrei)—a tropical ectotherm that was introduced to the southeastern United States, a region with a much colder climate than in its native Caribbean range. We examined thermal physiology for 30 invasive populations and tested for a climatic cline in cold tolerance. Also, we used genomics to identify mechanisms that may limit adaptation. We found no support for a climatic cline, indicating that thermal tolerance did not shift adaptively. Concomitantly, population genomic results were consistent with the occurrence of recombination cold spots that comprise more than half of the genome and maintain long‐range associations among alleles in invasive populations. These genomic regions overlap with both candidate thermal tolerance loci that we identified using a standard genome‐wide association test. Moreover, we found that recombination cold spots do not have a large contribution to population differentiation in the invasive range, contrary to observations in the native range. We suggest that limited recombination is constraining the contribution of large swaths of the genome to adaptation in invasive brown anoles. Our study provides an example of evolutionary stasis during invasion and highlights the possibility that reduced recombination occasionally slows down adaptation in invasive populations.
Onychomycosis in immunocompromised population: Phenotypic and molecular identification
Authors: Borba Orion Sant’Anna Motter , Ogawa Marilia Marufuji , Kirsztajn Gianna Mastroianni , Tomimori Jane 
Published: July 2023

AbstractOnychomycosis is common among immunosuppressed individuals. Renal transplant recipients (RTR) and lupus nephritis (LN) patients are submitted to corticosteroid and other immunosuppressive therapy; and diabetes mellitus (DM) patients are intrinsically immunocompromised.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to characterise and identify fungal infections on the nails (feet and hands) in immunocompromised patients.MethodsThe clinical material, nail scales (foot and/or hand), was collected from 47 RTR, 66 LN, 67 DM, and 78 immunocompetent individuals (control group). Phenotypic and molecular analyses were performed.ResultsA total of 258 patients were examined. There was a female predominance, except in the RTR. The average age was 52 years old. Lateral distal subungual onychomycosis (OSDL) (75.2%), mainly affecting the hallux nail, was frequent. The predominance of dermatophyte on toenails and Candida species on fingernails was statistically significant. A higher frequency of fingernail involvement in LN and DM, and for LN, the difference was significant (p = .0456). Infections by Candida spp. were more frequent in DM. Using molecular methods, 87.2% of diagnoses were confirmed, identifying fungal agents at the species level. Dermatophytes, Trichophyton rubrum and Trichophyton interdigitale and the species of Candida, C. parapsilosis and C. albicans, were the most frequent fungal agents.ConclusionsMolecular techniques (sequencing of ITS regions of rDNA) offer greater accuracy, although there is no difference, regarding the detection. Clinical presentation and fungal species may differ somewhat from the general population. Immunosuppression did not increase fungal detection positivity.
Expression quantitative trait loci mapping identified PtrXB38 as a key hub gene in adventitious root development in Populus
Authors: Yao Tao , Zhang Jin , Yates Timothy B. , Shrestha Him K. , Engle Nancy L. , Ployet Raphael , John Cai , Feng Kai , Bewg William Patrick , Chen Margot S. S. , Lu Haiwei , Harding Scott A. , Qiao Zhenzhen , Jawdy Sara S. , Shu Mengjun , Yuan Wenya , Mozaffari Khadijeh , Harman‐Ware Anne E. , Happs Renee M. , York Larry M. , Binder Brad M. , Yoshinaga Yuko , Daum Christopher , Tschaplinski Timothy J. , Abraham Paul E. , Tsai Chung‐Jui , Barry Kerrie , Lipzen Anna , Schmutz Jeremy , Tuskan Gerald A. , Chen Jin‐Gui , Muchero Wellington 
Published: July 2023

Summary
Plant establishment requires the formation and development of an extensive root system with architecture modulated by complex genetic networks.
Here, we report the identification of the PtrXB38 gene as an expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) hotspot, mapped using 390 leaf and 444 xylem Populus trichocarpa transcriptomes. Among predicted targets of this trans‐eQTL were genes involved in plant hormone responses and root development.
Overexpression of PtrXB38 in Populus led to significant increases in callusing and formation of both stem‐born roots and base‐born adventitious roots. Omics studies revealed that genes and proteins controlling auxin transport and signaling were involved in PtrXB38‐mediated adventitious root formation. Protein–protein interaction assays indicated that PtrXB38 interacts with components of endosomal sorting complexes required for transport machinery, implying that PtrXB38‐regulated root development may be mediated by regulating endocytosis pathway.
Taken together, this work identified a crucial root development regulator and sheds light on the discovery of other plant developmental regulators through combining eQTL mapping and omics approaches.
Nursing harm reduction education and care for people who use drugs or who engage in sex work
Authors: Watts Theresa , Bane Claire , Brandley Jared , Schmidt Emily , Tucker Marilyn 
Published: July 2023

AbstractHarm reduction is an evidence‐based approach that could promote health equity through the implementation of pragmatic strategies for people who use drugs or who engage in sex work. The purposes of this study were to describe whether nurses received harm reduction education in their nursing programs, whether nurses are practicing harm reduction, and strategies for integrating harm reduction within nursing curriculum. An online survey was delivered to nurses and an interview with a nurse harm reductionist was conducted. Among the 30 survey participants, only 17% (n = 5) stated they were taught about harm reduction in their nursing programs. On average, survey participants practiced harm reduction less than "half of the time" by meeting people where they are in their drug use or sex work. The nurse harm reductionist described how harm reduction should be taught as a skillset for evidence‐based nursing practice. By incorporating harm reduction principles into nursing education and nursing practice, nurses can provide competent care for people who use drugs or who engage in sex work.
Sequential versus concurrent final phase product development: Approval uncertainty, time‐sensitive consumers, asymmetric competition, and government subsidy
Authors: Limon Yasemin , Tang Christopher S. , Tanrısever Fehmi 
Published: July 2023

Should a firm begin its production even before its new product is approved? In a competitive market with time‐sensitive consumers, a firm may choose to adopt the “concurrent process” by conducting the approval process and the production process in parallel so that the product will become available for sale once approved. However, to avoid incurring upfront (production related) investments that are nonrecoverable should the product fail to receive approval, a firm may opt for the “sequential process” so that the production process will only begin after approval. But such a sequential process can delay product launch, making the firm less competitive. These trade‐offs between the concurrent and sequential development processes and the recent Covid‐19 vaccine development motivate us to examine the process choice in the presence of three salient factors: (a) uncertain product approval, (b) time‐sensitive consumers, and (c) asymmetric firm competition—firms have different ex ante approval probabilities. Our equilibrium analysis reveals that it is possible for the laggard firm (the firm with lower ex ante approval probability) to aggressively adopt the concurrent process whereas the leading firm (the firm with higher ex ante approval probability) adopts the sequential process. First, as the approval requirement tightens, both firms have a lower chance of receiving approval, and the laggard firm is more likely to adopt the sequential process than the leading firm. Second, as consumers become more time sensitive, the leading firm is more eager to adopt the concurrent process than the laggard firm. Finally, when the firm asymmetry is large, competition does not always soften and both firms may compete directly by adopting the sequential process. We also examine the case when consumers are “forward‐looking” instead of “myopic.” We find that forward‐looking behavior increases competition and motivates both firms to adopt the concurrent process. Finally, we consider the case when the government offers subsidies to defray the nonrecoverable investments to increase the chance of having an approved product available sooner. Interestingly, we find such a subsidy can backfire resulting in lower consumer welfare and lower profit for the firms especially when consumers are time insensitive.
Implementing deep‐learning techniques for accurate fruit disease identification
Authors: Sujatha R. , Mahalakshmi K. , Chatterjee Jyotir Moy 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTo overcome the problems of manual identification of fruit disease, this work proposes a deep‐learning model to analyse fruit images to detect diseases in the fruit. We are proposing here a convolutional neural network (CNN)‐based model for fruit disease classification. By including many layers, the proposed CNN model extracts numerous features from the fruit, deals with the large data set and finally evaluates it. With the MobileNetv2 model, the disease prediction accuracy for papaya, guava and citrus was 99.4%, 98.8% and 95.8% and the recall values were 99.4%, 98.8% and 93.8%, respectively. With VGG16, the disease prediction accuracy for papaya, guava and citrus was 97.7%, 99.6% and 94.2% and the recall values were 96.5%, 99.6% and 89.2%, respectively. Finally, with DenseNet121, the disease prediction accuracy for papaya, guava and citrus was 99.4%, 97.6% and 99.2%, and the recall values were 98.8%, 97.6% and 99.2%, respectively.
Do health beliefs about COVID‐19 predict morbidity? A longitudinal study
Authors: Delporte Margaux , De Witte Dries , Demarest Stefaan , Verbeke Geert , Molenberghs Geert , Hoorens Vera 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn a highly powered (N ≈ 5000), six‐months longitudinal study (December 2020‐May 2021), we tested the assumption that beliefs concerning COVID‐19 and the precautions against it predicted morbidity. Six months after having filled out a survey measuring beliefs about the disease and the precautions against it, participants reported if they were or had been ill with COVID‐19. A lower likelihood of being or having been ill with COVID‐19 was predicted by personal optimism concerning infection, perceived personal control over infection, perceived effectiveness of precautions, and self‐reported personal or better‐than‐average adherence to the precautions. A higher likelihood of being or having been ill with COVID‐19 was predicted by perceived personal control over a good outcome of an infection, egocentric impact perception concerning the impact of the disease, perceived difficulty of adherence to the precautions, and both personal and egocentric impact perception concerning the impact of the precautions. Comparative optimism did not predict morbidity, nor did personal optimism concerning severe disease or a good outcome, perceived personal control over severe disease, and moralization of the precautions. We discuss implications for public health communication.
Prediction of Liquid Holdup in Horizontal Gas Wells Based on Dimensionless Number Selection
Authors: Wu Ning , Luo Chengcheng , Liu Yonghui , Li Nan , Xie Chuan , Cao Guangqiang , Ye Changqing , Wang Haoyu 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Pressure gradient prediction is crucial in gas well analysis. The experiment is the most effective method of understanding the flow characteristics in horizontal gas wells. The greatest difference between experimental and high-pressure conditions is gas density, which could cause the established multiphase correlations unreliable when they are applied to high-pressure gas wells. Similarity numbers are widely employed in predicting flow behavior. Nevertheless, few studies focused on this area. In addition, gas wells are characterized as high gas–liquid ratio; the majority empirical correlations were developed for oil wells, which have more consideration in low gas–liquid ratio, influencing the precision of gas well models. An experimental examination of gas–liquid flow has been carried out in this study. First, the experimental test matrix was designed to meet each flow pattern. Next, the effect of gas velocity, liquid velocity, pipe diameter, water-cut, and inclined angle on liquid holdup was explored. Subsequently, the similarity numbers suggested have been investigated and assessed for pressure scaling up. Finally, a comprehensive model was established, which was developed to forecast pressure gradient in gas wells. Field data were supplied to assess the new correlation. The results demonstrated that the Duns–Ros and the modified Duns–Ros dimensionless numbers were improper for pressure scaling up, whereas the Hewitt–Robert Number performs best. Based on the field data, the new correlation with Hewitt–Robert Number was superior to extensively employed pressure drop correlations, showing that it can deal with predicting pressure gradient in gas wells.
Numerical Investigation on Near-Bottom Operation of an Extra-Large Freight Submarine
Authors: Ma Yucong , Yin Guang , Janocha Marek Jan , Xing Yihan , Ong Muk Chen 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This work investigates the hydrodynamic performance of a subsea shuttle, an extra-large freight submarine, during near-seabed operation. The three-dimensional Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes method combined with the k − ω shear stress transport model is used to predict the pressure, skin friction, drag, and lift forces acting on the subsea shuttle. The present numerical model is verified and validated against the experimental and numerical data from the SUBOFF-1 project, a standard submarine model developed by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency. Two operational scenarios are considered in this study: (1) the subsea shuttle traveling near the seabed with a forward speed; (2) the subsea shuttle hovering close to the seabed and subject to an incoming current flow. A representative seabed boundary layer profile is considered in the analyses. A fully developed boundary layer profile is generated using 1D simulations and implemented as the inlet boundary condition in the 3D simulations. The effects of the gap ratio between the subsea shuttle and the seabed, and the inflow speed of the boundary layer flow on the hydrodynamic properties of the subsea shuttle are evaluated and discussed in detail.
Towards Tolerance Specifications for the Elastic Buckling Design of Axially Loaded Cylinders
Authors: Groh Rainer M. J. , Croll James 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The quest for safe lower bounds to the elastic buckling of axially loaded circular cylindrical shells has exercised researchers for the past 100 years. Recent work bringing together the capabilities of nonlinear numerical simulation, interpreted within the context of extended linear classical theory, has come close to achieving this goal of defining safe lower bounds. This paper briefly summarizes some of the important predictions emerging from previous work and presents new simulation results that confirm these earlier predictions. In particular, we show that for a specified maximum amplitude of the most sensitive, eigenmode-based geometric imperfections, normalized with respect to the shell thickness, lower bounds to the buckling loads remain constant beyond a well-defined value of the Batdorf parameter. Furthermore, we demonstrate how this convenient means of presenting the imperfection-sensitive buckling loads can be reinterpreted to develop practical design curves which provide safe, but not overly conservative, design loads for monocoque cylinders with a given maximum permitted tolerance of geometric imperfection. Hence, once the allowable manufacturing tolerance is specified during design or is measured post-manufacturing, the greatest expected knockdown factor for a shell of any geometry is defined. With the recent research interest in localized imperfections, we also attempt to reconcile their relation to the more classical, periodic, and eigenmode-based imperfections. Overall, this paper provides analytical and computational arguments that motivate a shift in focus in defect-tolerant design of thin-walled cylinders—away from the knockdown experienced for a specific geometric imperfection and towards the worst possible knockdown expected for a specified manufacturing tolerance.