bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Slco2b1‐knockout and SLCO2B1‐humanization on coproporphyrin I and III levels in rats
Authors: Kinzi Jonny , Hussner Janine , Schäfer Anima M. , Treyer Andrea , Seibert Isabell , Tillmann Annika , Mueller Vanessa , Gherardi Clarisse , Vonwyl Celina , Hamburger Matthias , Meyer zu Schwabedissen Henriette E. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackground and PurposeCoproporphyrin (CP) I and III are byproducts of haem synthesis currently investigated as biomarkers for drug–drug interactions involving hepatic organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP) 1B transporters. Another hepatically expressed OATP‐member is OATP2B1. The aim of this study was to test the impact of OATP2B1, which specifically transports CPIII, on CP serum levels, applying novel rat models.Experimental ApproachCPIII transport kinetics and the interplay between OATP2B1 and multidrug resistance‐associated proteins (MRPs) were determined in vitro using the vTF7 expression system. Novel rSlco2b1−/− and SLCO2B1+/+ rat models were characterized for physiological parameters and for CP serum levels. Hepatic and renal expression of transporters involved in CP disposition were determined by real‐time qPCR, Western blot analysis, and immunohistochemistry.Key ResultsIn vitro experiments revealed differences in transport kinetics comparing human and rat OATP2B1 and showed a consistent, species‐specific interplay with hMRP3/rMRP3. Deletion of rOATP2B1 was associated with a trend towards lower CPI serum levels compared with wildtype rats, while CPIII remained unchanged. Comparing SLCO2B1+/+ with knockout rats revealed an effect of sex: only in females the genetic modification influenced CP serum levels. Analysis of hepatic and renal transporters revealed marginal, but in part, statistically significant differences in rMRP2 abundance, which may contribute to the observed changes in CP serum levels.Conclusion and ImplicationsOur findings support that factors other than OATP1B transporters are of relevance for basal CP levels. Only in female rats, humanization of SLCO2B1 affects basal CPI and CPIII serum levels, despite isomer selectivity of OATP2B1.
GPR84 in physiology—Many functions in many tissues
Authors: Aktar Rubina , Rondinelli Silvia , Peiris Madusha 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMembers of the GPCR superfamily have a wide variety of physiological roles and are therefore valuable targets for developing effective medicines. However, within this superfamily are receptors that are less well characterized and remain orphans, including GPR84. This receptor is stimulated by ligands derived from dietary nutrients, specifically medium chain fatty acids (C9–14), and novel synthetic agonists. There are data demonstrating the role of GPR84 in inflammatory pathways, in addition to emerging data suggesting a key role for GPR84 as a nutrient‐sensing GPCR involved in metabolism by sensing energy load via nutrient exposure and subsequent signalling leading to modulation of food intake. Exploring GPR84 pharmacology, its localization and what drives its expression has revealed multiple roles for this receptor. Here, we will reflect on these various roles of GRP84 demonstrated thus far, primarily by exploring data from pre‐clinical and clinical studies in various physiological systems, with a specific focus on the gastrointestinal tract.LINKED ARTICLESThis article is part of a themed issue GPR84 Pharmacology. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v181.10/issuetoc
Cretaceous to Recent tectono‐sedimentary history and subsidence of the Barreirinhas, Ceará and Potiguar Basins, Brazilian Equatorial Margin
Authors: Basilone Luca , Roberts Gareth G. , Maia de Almeida Narelle , Fernandes Victoria M. , de Souza Ana Clara Braga , Alves Daniel P. V. , Jovane Luigi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractStratigraphy along the Brazilian Equatorial Margin is a crucial guide to the geodynamic history of rifting of Pangea and formation of the South Atlantic Ocean. Understanding the evolution of the Brazilian Equatorial Margin, which intersects the Saint Paul and Romanche Fracture Zones on the western margin of South Atlantic Ocean, is also key for reconstructing eustatic histories and natural resource exploration. In this study, we quantify the stratigraphic and subsidence histories of three sedimentary basins—Barreirinhas, Ceará, Potiguar—that sit within the margin. Stratigraphy was mapped using ca. 900‐line‐km of two‐dimensional seismic data. Biostratigraphic and check‐shot data from 23 wells drilled on the continental shelf, slope and in the distal parts of these basins were used to date and depth‐convert stratigraphy. Check‐shot data were also used to parameterise compaction. The mapped stratigraphy was backstripped to calculate subsidence histories for the basins. Subsidence curves were decompacted, water‐loaded and corrected for palaeo‐water depths using biostratigraphic data from well reports. The mapped stratigraphy of the Barreirinhas and Ceará Basins and theoretical subsidence curves indicate that stretching factors did not exceed 1.6. These values suggest that these basins can be regarded as failed rifts. In contrast, more distal stratigraphy mapped in the Potiguar Basin to the south indicates that it stretched by a factor of 5–6. Calculated subsidence histories indicate that this basin formed primarily because of Cretaceous rifting and Cretaceous to Recent post‐rift thermal sag, with amplitudes governed by the amount of initial stretching.
Radial and vertical variation of wood nutrients in Bornean tropical forest trees
Authors: Inagawa Takeshi , Riutta Terhi , Majalap‐Lee Noreen , Nilus Reuben , Josue James , Malhi Yadvinder 
Published: August 2023

AbstractNitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, and magnesium concentrations in woody tissue are poorly documented, but are necessary for understanding whole‐tree nutrient use and storage. Here, we report how wood macronutrient concentrations vary radially and along the length of a tree for 10 tropical tree species in Sabah, Malaysia. Bark nutrient concentrations were consistently high: 2.9–13.7 times greater than heartwood depending on the nutrient. In contrast, within the wood both the radial (sapwood vs. heartwood) and vertical (trunk bottom vs. trunk middle) variation was modest. Higher concentrations in sapwood relative to heartwood provide empirical support for wood nutrient resorption during sapwood senescence. Dipterocarp species showed resorption rates of 25.3 ± 7.1% (nitrogen), 62.7 ± 11.9% (phosphorus), and 56.2 ± 12.5% (potassium), respectively, while non‐dipterocarp species showed no evidence of nutrient resorption in wood. This suggests that while dipterocarps have lower wood nutrient concentrations, this family is able to compensate for this by using wood nutrient resorption as an efficient nutrient conservation mechanism. In contrast to other nutrients, calcium and magnesium tended to accumulate in heartwood. Wood density (WD) showed little vertical variation along the trunk. Across the species (WD range of 0.33 to 0.94 mg/cm3), WD was negatively correlated with wood P and K concentration and positively correlated with wood Ca concentration. As our study showed exceptionally high nutrient concentrations in the bark, debarking and leaving the bark of the harvested trees on site during logging operations could substantially contribute to maintaining nutrients within forest ecosystems.
A novel miRNA‐based signature as predictive tool of survival outcome of colorectal cancer patients
Authors: Zhao Bochao , Wang Weiqiang , Ye Haikun , Wang Jingchao , Meng Kewei , Yang Tao 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIt is great significance of identifying valuable biomarkers for early diagnosis and prognostic prediction of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. This study aimed at developing and validating a miRNAs‐based signature as prognostic tool for CRC patients. The miRNA expression profile of 624 CRC samples (613 tumor tissues and 11 normal tissues) was analyzed, and 523 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRNAs) were identified, in which 191 were downregulated and 332 were upregulated. All patients were randomly divided into a training cohort (N = 308) and an internal validation cohort (N = 200). Using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and Cox regression model, a prognostic signature of 10 miRNAs (hsa‐miR‐149‐5p, hsa‐miR‐193b‐5p, hsa‐miR‐193a‐3p, hsa‐miR‐3677‐3p, hsa‐miR‐29a‐3p, hsa‐miR‐200c‐5p, hsa‐miR‐200a‐5p, hsa‐miR‐6854‐5p, hsa‐miR‐216a‐5p and hsa‐miR‐891a‐5p) was developed in the training cohort. The risk score was calculated by the product of the expression level and the coefficients of each miRNA. The prognostic value of 10 miRNAs‐based signature for CRC patients was tested and validated. Survival analysis indicated that high‐risk patients (> 1.10) had a worse overall survival (OS) than low‐risk (≤ 1.10) patients (5‐year OS rate for training cohort: 59.3% vs. 78.9%, p < .001; validation cohort: 48.3% vs. 69.3%, p = .011). The miRNA‐based signature was an independent prognostic factor for CRC patients (HR for training cohort:2.476, 95% CI:1.202–5.098, p = .014; HR for validation cohort:2.050, 95% CI:1.087–3.869, p = .027). The AUC values for 3‐year and 5‐year OS prediction were 0.718 and 0.784 in the training cohort, 0.659 and 0.614 in the validation cohort, respectively. The 10 miRNAs‐based signature provided a proper prognostic stratification for CRC patients, and it might be a promising tool for survival prediction.
The roles of elevated temperature and carriers in the dyeing of polyester fibres using disperse dyes: Part 1 fundamental aspects
Authors: Burkinshaw Stephen M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis review concerns the application of disperse dyes to poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) fibres using aqueous immersion dyeing processes and the roles of both elevated dyeing temperatures and carriers in such dyeing systems. This part of the paper presents a review of the fundamental properties and characteristics of PET fibres, disperse dyes and dyeing accelerants. In the next part of the paper, the various theories and concepts that have been proposed to explain the promotional effects imparted by elevated dyeing temperatures and carriers to disperse dye uptake on PET and other types of fibre, are reviewed and analysed, from the viewpoints of the essential physico‐chemical aspects of both the aqueous disperse dye/PET and disperse dye/carrier/PET systems. Later parts of the paper will present a mechanistic model of the disperse dye adsorption process based on dye solubility as well as a novel plasticisation model of dye diffusion.
A qualitative analysis of adolescents' perspectives on peer and influencer alcohol‐related posts on social media
Authors: Corcoran Erin , Doucette Hannah , Merrill Jennifer E. , Pielech Melissa , López Gabriela , Egbert Amy , Nelapati Shimei , Gabrielli Joy , Colby Suzanne M. , Jackson Kristina M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroductionAdolescent exposure to alcohol‐related content on social media is common and associated with alcohol use and perceived norms; however, little is known about how exposure differs by the source of the content (e.g., peer or ‘influencer’). The purpose of this study was to utilise qualitative methods to compare adolescent perspectives on peer‐ versus influencer‐generated alcohol content on social media.MethodsNine virtual semi‐structured focus groups were conducted with adolescents (aged 15–19 years), following a general script aimed at ascertaining adolescent comparative perspectives on peer and influencer alcohol‐related media content and the contexts in which it occurs.ResultsFive main themes emerged: (i) although both influencers and peers post predominantly positively‐valenced alcohol content online, adolescents perceived some differences between these posts; (ii) adolescents perceived their peers to be more cautious and strategic when posting about alcohol than influencers are; (iii) the decision to engage with peer or influencer alcohol‐related posts is influenced by a number of factors; (iv) both peer and influencer posts were perceived to send the message that drinking is acceptable, normal or cool; and (v) adolescents believed they are more likely to be influenced by peers' alcohol posts than influencers' alcohol posts, with some exceptions.Discussion and ConclusionsFuture studies should aim to further understand the unique attributes and circumstances in which exposure to peer and influencer alcohol‐related posts impact adolescent alcohol‐related cognitions and behaviours. This knowledge will inform prevention and intervention efforts, such as media literacy training and media‐specific parenting practices.
Single‐cell RNA sequencing of a poorly metastatic melanoma cell line and its subclones with high lung and brain metastasis potential reveals gene expression signature of metastasis with prognostic implication
Authors: Kim Yoon‐Seob , Kim Dokyeong , Park Junseong , Chung Yeun‐Jun 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe molecular mechanisms underlying melanoma metastasis remain poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to delineate the mechanisms underlying gene expression alterations during metastatic potential acquisition and characterize the metastatic subclones within primary cell lines. We performed single‐cell RNA sequencing of a poorly metastatic melanoma cell line (WM239A) and its subclones with high metastatic potential to the lung (113/6‐4L) and the brain (131/4‐5B1 and 131/4‐5B2). Unsupervised clustering of 8173 melanoma cells identified three distinct clusters according to cell type (‘Primary’, ‘Lung’ and ‘Brain’ clusters) with differential expression of MITF and AXL pathways and putative cancer and cell cycle drivers, with the lung cluster expressing intermediate but distinct gene profiles between primary and brain clusters. Principal component (PC) analysis revealed that PC2 (the second PC), which was positively associated with MITF expression and negatively with AXL pathways, primarily segregated cell types, in addition to PC1 of the cell cycle pathway. Pseudotime trajectory and RNA velocity analyses suggested the existence of cellular subsets with metastatic potential in the Primary cluster and an association between PC2 signature alteration and metastasis potential acquisition. Analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas melanoma samples by clustering into PC2‐high and ‐low clusters by quartiles of PC2 signature expression revealed that the PC2‐high cluster was an independent significant factor for poor prognosis (p‐value = 0.003) with distinct genomic and transcriptomic characteristics, compared to the PC2‐low cluster. In conclusion, we identified signatures of melanoma metastasis with prognostic significance and putative pro‐metastatic subclones within a primary cell line.
The dynamics of circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) during treatment reflects tumour response in advanced melanoma patients
Authors: Di Nardo Lucia , Del Regno Laura , Di Stefani Alessandro , Mannino Maria , Fossati Barbara , Catapano Silvia , Quattrini Laura , Pellegrini Cristina , Cortellini Alessio , Parisi Alessandro , Capoluongo Ettore , Autilio Chiara , Fargnoli Maria Concetta , Peris Ketty 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDespite the introduction of targeted (BRAFi/MEKi) and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has significantly reduced the recurrence rate and improved the overall survival (OS) of patients with Stage III and IV melanoma, only a percentage will benefit of durable disease control. The aim of this study was to examine whether the levels of circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) in plasma of advanced melanoma patients undergoing BRAFi/MEKi or ICIs vary according to the patients' survival outcomes (i.e. progression‐free survival (PFS) and OS) and disease progression. Plasma samples of Stage III‐IV melanoma patients were collected at baseline (treatment initiation) and thereafter every 3 months. Circulating BRAFV600E/K and NRASQ61R/K mutations were analysed through droplet digital PCR (ddPCR, Bio‐Rad) in a total of 177 plasma samples from 48 melanoma patients (19 Stage III, 29 Stage IV). Baseline ctDNA concentration was significantly associated with OS (HR = 1.003, 95% CI = 1.000–1.006, p = 0.043) and PFS (HR = 1.004, 95% CI = 1.000–1.007, p = 0.029) independent of clinical‐prognostic confounders. For each unit increase in the ∆ctDNA (concentration difference between the last follow‐up and baseline) there was a 24% increased risk of disease progression, irrespective of treatment type and stage at diagnosis (OR = 1.24, 95% CI = 1.03–1.49, p = 0.020, AUC = 0.93). Patients with reduction of ctDNA level from baseline to the last follow‐up had longer OS (HR = 0.14; 95% CI = 0.05–0.44, p = 0.001) and PFS (HR = 0.08; 95% CI = 0.03–0.27, p < 0.0001) compared to patients with increased ctDNA, including adjustment for confounding factors. Our findings suggest that variation of ctDNA over time during melanoma treatment reflects the clinical outcome and tumour response to therapy and might be helpful in clinical monitoring.
Enhancing the qualitative and nutritional properties of strawberry juice through chitosan treatment
Authors: Heidarizadeh Fariba , Kolahi Maryam , Akhond Marziye 
Published: August 2023

SummaryStrawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) belongs to the Rosaceae family. The fruit is very beneficial, with a delicious taste, attractive colour, and high vitamin and mineral content. The effect of chitosan on juice's transparency and phytochemical properties from the Camarosa cultivar was evaluated. Using chitosan as a clarifying agent for strawberry juice significantly reduced turbidity, phenolic content, flavonoids, protein and antioxidant properties. In contrast, the quantity of soluble solids, titratable acidity, pH, folate, vitamin C, anthocyanin and carbohydrates showed no significant changes. Changes were also observed in the colour‐related parameters of the juice. In order to assess potential contamination in strawberry fruit, the levels of heavy metals and pesticide residues were analysed separately using ICP and GC–MS techniques. There was a significant reduction in the levels of Cu, As, Co, Pb and Cd in strawberry juice after treatment with chitosan. Reducing heavy metals in fruit juice using chitosan helps improve the fruit juice's safety, nutritional properties and health benefits. It can be posited that chitosan affords the production of a more nutritious and healthier fruit juice as compared to natural strawberry fruit. Using chitosan as a clarifying agent produces a juice with extraordinary clarity, improves the safety, health benefits and nutritional value, and produces a consumer‐friendly product.
A review on development of plant‐based meat analogues as future sustainable food
Authors: Rout Srutee , S Sowmya R , Srivastav Prem Prakash 
Published: August 2023

SummaryConsumers worldwide want to improve their diets by consuming nutritional and eco‐friendly products in their food. The demand for plant‐based meat analogues (PBMA) has increased due to the adverse effects on animals, people, and the environment. ‘Meat analogue’ means to use a substitute for meat as the primary element. The rising desire for ‘good for you’ and ‘good for the planet’ is driving the demand for plant‐based meat alternatives. This manuscript describes the methods and orientation used to create meat analogues that mimic meat. The term ‘bottom‐up approach’ describes putting together a structure from the ground up. By systematically structuring proteins through the assembly of individual structural pieces, bottom‐up processes can approach the design of the meat. The top‐down method is more efficient and scalable, but it can only generate the required shape at massive scales. Therefore, this review discussed various production methods and their processing consequences on PBMAs proposed for creating sustainable foods to enhance their structural and techno‐functionality.
A multicommodity pickup and delivery problem with time windows and handling time in the omni‐channel last‐mile delivery
Authors: Yang Jun , Li Yali 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis paper investigates the vehicle routing problem faced by a third‐party logistics (3PL) provider that performs the last‐mile delivery service in omni‐channel retailing for a number of companies engaged in household appliances and furniture. In the problem, each company is associated with a set of warehouses, physical stores, and customers that provide or require various commodities. The request of a company is to transport commodities from the selected warehouses and stores to the customers. In addition, the pickup or delivery service at each location should be started in a predefined time window. Since the loading and unloading follow the last‐in‐first‐out fashion, the handling time incurred by additional operation is considered. The studied problem is formulated as a multicommodity pickup and delivery problem with time windows and handling time (MPDPTWH). MPDPTWH aims to satisfy the requests on the 3PL platform with the minimum total duration of the routes. We present a mixed integer programming formulation of the problem and propose a multirestart randomized tabu thresholding algorithm (MRTTA) as well as a memetic algorithm (MA) to solve this problem heuristically. Then, the performance of the mathematical model and the two heuristics is assessed over three sets of MPDPTWH instances. After this, we compare the proposed MRTTA and MA with algorithms from the literature on a related problem. Furthermore, we perform the sensitivity analysis in a case study by discussing the impact of picking cost and handling time on the solution, and give the managerial insights.
Mechanical tailoring of dislocations in ceramics at room temperature: A perspective
Authors: Fang Xufei 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe potential of dislocations (line defects) in ceramics may have been greatly underrated until most recently. Promising proofs‐of‐concept have been demonstrated for dislocation‐tuned functional and mechanical properties, revealing a new research front for dislocations in ceramics for a wide range of potential applications. However, it is commonly known that ceramics are hard (difficult to deform) and brittle (easy to fracture), particularly at room temperature. It remains a great challenge to mechanically tailor dislocations in ceramics. To address this pressing bottleneck, this article discusses the mechanics‐based dislocation engineering in ceramics by examining the three fundamental factors of dislocation nucleation, multiplication, and motion. Successful experimental approaches to tune dislocation density and plastic zone size on single‐crystal strontium titanate are demonstrated. The dislocation‐based competition between plastic deformation and crack formation is discussed. The aspects of coupling external fields to manipulate dislocations are highlighted, which may hold the key to modulating the charged dislocation cores in ceramics and opening new routes for mechanical tailoring of dislocations at room temperature. Some open questions and challenges for engineering dislocations in ceramics are discussed.