bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Holocene seismic activity in south‐eastern Switzerland: Evidence from the sedimentary record of Lake Silvaplana
Authors: Bellwald Benjamin , Nigg Valentin , Fabbri Stefano C. , Becker Lukas W. M. , Gilli Adrian , Anselmetti Flavio S. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHigh‐Alpine regions are prone to a large variety of geohazards, among which earthquakes have the strongest impact on landscape and local population. Historic records indicate a moderate to high seismic activity in the northern, south‐western and central parts of Switzerland. In contrast, south‐eastern Switzerland has less historic earthquake chronicles due to the low population density, resulting in a poorly constrained seismic event catalogue. The aim of this study is to evaluate the palaeoseismic activity for south‐eastern Switzerland by using the sedimentary record of Lake Silvaplana in the Engadine Valley. A dense grid of high‐resolution two‐dimensional seismic profiles, high‐resolution bathymetry and a 10 m long sediment core from the deepest basin were used to investigate the stratigraphy of the lake sediments. The bathymetry reveals a flat basin, flanked by steep slopes to the north‐west and south‐east. The acoustic basement consists of four ridges, and gently‐dipping fans to the south‐west and north‐east. Expressions of slope failure can be identified in all domains of the lake floor and the subsurface data. Multiple coevally‐triggered chaotic mass‐flow deposits, overlain by megaturbidites with a coarse‐sand base, have been detected along ten horizons in the seismic data. The four most recent of these deposits are cored and radiocarbon dated to approximately 230, 310, 960 and 1330 cal yr bp, indicating four over‐regional seismic events that triggered large slope failures in Lake Silvaplana in the last 1400 years. Correlation with sediments of Lake Sils, Lake Como, Lake Iseo and Lake Ledro indicate within radiocarbon uncertainties a large earthquake around 1330 cal yr bp. Within their age ranges, the postulated earthquake at 310 cal yr bp (1640 ce) further correlates with a moment magnitude Mw ca 5.4 event in Ftan in 1622 ce, and the 960 cal yr bp (990 ce) earthquake correlates with a Mw ca 5.2 earthquake in Brescia in 1065 ce. Six mass‐movement deposits, also suggested to be caused by earthquakes, were not reached by the sediment core and have suggested ages between 7800 and 11 300 cal yr bp. Thus, Lake Silvaplana sediments provide the first reliable record of seismic activity for the mid and Late Holocene in this region, likely related to the neotectonic activity of the Engadine Line, a major fault zone running along the main valley.
Tribo-Informatics Approach to Investigate the Friction and Wear of Bushings in the Variable Stator Vane System
Authors: He Ke , Ma Yufei , Zhang Zhinan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Determining the friction and wear behaviors of aero-engine key components under realistic conditions is important to improve their long-term reliability and service life. In this paper, the friction and wear behaviors of different bushing materials in the variable stator vane (VSV) system were investigated through the basic pin-on-disc test and actual shaft-bushing test. Different machine learning (ML) models were established based on the experimental information to predict the coefficient of friction (COF) and wear-rate. The results indicated that there is a significant temperature warning line for the wear amount of the polyimide material, while the high-temperature alloy material exhibited stable tribological performance under experimental load and temperature conditions. ML analysis indicated that the extreme gradient boosting (XGB) outperformed other ML algorithms in predicting the COF (R2 value = 0.956), while the kernel ridge regression (KRR) produced the best performance for predicting the wear-rate (R2 value = 0.997). The tribo-informatics research for bushings in the VSV system can accelerate the structural optimization and material selection and support the evaluation of new structures and materials.
Inverse Design of Two-Dimensional Shape-Morphing Structures
Authors: Abu-Mualla Mohammad , Jiron Victor , Huang Jida 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This study proposes an inverse method for synthesizing shape-morphing structures in the lateral direction by integrating two-dimensional hexagonal unit cell with curved beams. Analytical expressions are derived to formulate the effective Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio for the base unit-cell as a function of its geometric parameters. The effective lateral Poisson’s ratio can be controlled by manipulating a set of geometric parameters, resulting in a dataset of over 6000 data points with Poisson’s ratio values ranging from −1.2 to 10.4. Furthermore, we utilize the established dataset to train an inverse design framework that utilizes a physics-guided neural network algorithm, and the framework can predict design parameters for a targeted shape-morphing structure. The proposed approach enables the generation of structures with tailored Poisson’s ratio ranging from −1.2 to 3.4 while ensuring flexibility and reduced stress concentration within the predicted structure. The generated shape-morphing structures’ performance is validated through numerical simulation and physical tensile testing. The finite element analysis (FEA) simulation results confirm agreement with the designed values for the shape-morphing structure, and the tensile testing results reveal the same trend in shape-morphing behavior. The proposed design automation framework demonstrates the feasibility of creating intricate and practical shape-morphing structures with high accuracy and computational efficiency.
Evolution and Action Mechanism of Relative Negative Pressure Zone in Spiral Groove Gas Face Seal for Aero-Engine
Authors: Li Hui , Li Guoqing , Liu Hao , Li Ang , Lu Xingen 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
As an advanced sealing technology, the application of gas face seal in aero-engine is few; if possible, lower specific fuel consumption, higher thrust-weight ratio, and effective secondary flow control at minimal cost would be brought. A relative negative pressure zone (RNPZ) was found in the spiral groove gas face seal, and the evolution and action mechanism of RNPZ was investigated in detail, which may promote the above application. Three film thicknesses of spiral groove gas face seals at different rotational speeds and inlet pressures were numerically compared to obtain the pressure field in the groove area and the formation of RNPZ. Then, the radial and circumferential velocities in the groove were calculated to quantify the impact of the obstruction effect, viscous pumping, and shear effect, which revealed the evolution mechanism of the RNPZ stage by stage. At last, the action mechanism of RNPZ was clarified through the hydrodynamic performance analysis. It is found that the pressure field evolution in the gas face seal is in stage Ⅲ under the high rotational speed and low inlet pressure conditions in an aero-engine. Under the same film thickness, RNPZ can suppress leakage to a certain extent in stage Ⅱ, while in stage Ⅲ, it increases the opening force and stiffness-leakage ratio. This work can provide theory and data to help with the subsequent optimization design of gas face seals for aero-engine.
Screening of Depression and Mental Health in Elite Youth Sports: Differences in Risk Estimation Between the PHQ-2 and the WHO-5
Authors: Kleinert Jens , Ohlert Jeannine , Sulprizio Marion 
Published: August 2023

This study aims to examine whether the risk for depression differs between using a disease- and a health-oriented instrument in elite youth sport and to uncover relationships of risk with concern to age, sex, type of sport, and level of performance. A sample of 549 eleven- to twenty-one-year-old elite athletes were screened using the German versions of the Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2) and the WHO Well-Being Index-5 (WHO-5). For external validity, the state of physical well-being and mood state, as well as recovery measures, were assessed. The proportions of athletes at high risk for mental health problems were 11.3% (PHQ-2) and 12.8% (WHO-5) of the participants. Young athletes (<15 years old) and male athletes showed lower risk values compared with older or female athletes. Moreover, PHQ-2 and WHO-5 values correlated with physical well-being and subjective sleep parameters. Both instruments were practical and diagnostically conclusive. Further studies on the validation of the instruments are recommended.
Associations between cardiorespiratory fitness in youth and the incidence of site-specific cancer in men: a cohort study with register linkage
Authors: Onerup Aron , Mehlig Kirsten , Geijerstam Agnes af , Ekblom-Bak Elin , Kuhn Hans Georg , Lissner Lauren , Åberg Maria , Börjesson Mats 
Published: August 2023

ObjectivesTo assess the associations between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in young men and the incidence of site-specific cancer.MethodsA Swedish population-based cohort study with register linkage of men who underwent military conscription in 1968–2005 was undertaken. CRF was assessed by maximal aerobic workload cycle test at conscription. Cox regression models assessed linear associations and included CRF, age, year and site of conscription, body mass index and parental level of education. CRF was also categorised into low, moderate and high for facilitated interpretation and results comparing high and low CRF are reported.ResultsPrimary analyses were performed in 1 078 000 men, of whom 84 117 subsequently developed cancer in at least one site during a mean follow-up of 33 years. Higher CRF was linearly associated with a lower hazard ratio (HR) of developing cancer in the head and neck (n=2738, HR 0.81, 95% CI 0.74 to 0.90), oesophagus (n=689, HR 0.61, 95% CI 0.50 to 0.74), stomach (n=902, HR 0.79, 95% CI 0.67 to 0.94), pancreas (n=1280, HR 0.88, 95% CI 0.76 to 1.01), liver (n=1111, HR 0.60, 95% CI 0.51 to 0.71), colon (n=3222, HR 0.82, 95% CI 0.75 to 0.90), rectum (n=2337, HR 0.95, 95% CI 0.85 to 1.05), kidney (n=1753, HR 0.80, 95% CI 0.70 to 0.90) and lung (n=1635, HR 0.58, 95% CI 0.51 to 0.66). However, higher CRF predicted a higher hazard of being diagnosed with prostate cancer (n=14 232, HR 1.07, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.12) and malignant skin cancer (n=23 064, HR 1.31, 95% CI 1.27 to 1.36).ConclusionWe report a number of protective associations between higher CRF in healthy young men and the subsequent hazard of site-specific cancers. These results have implications for public health policymaking, strengthening the incentive to promote health through improving CRF in youth.
Multiple molecular diagnoses in the field of intellectual disability and congenital anomalies: 3.5% of all positive cases
Authors: Racine Caroline , Denommé-Pichon Anne-Sophie , Engel Camille , Tran Mau-them Frederic , Bruel Ange-Line , Vitobello Antonio , Safraou Hana , Sorlin Arthur , Nambot Sophie , Delanne Julian , Garde Aurore , Colin Estelle , Moutton Sébastien , Thevenon Julien , Jean-Marçais Nolwenn , Willems Marjolaine , Geneviève David , Pinson Lucile , Perrin Laurence , Laffargue Fanny , Lespinasse James , Lacaze Elodie , Molin Arnaud , Gerard Marion , Lambert Laetitia , Benigni Charlotte , Patat Olivier ,   Orphanomix Physician's Group, Bourgeois Valentin , Poe Charlotte , Chevarin Martin , Couturier Victor , Garret Philippine , Philippe Christophe , Duffourd Yannis , Faivre Laurence , Thauvin-Robinet Christel 
Published: August 2023

PurposeWide access to clinical exome/genome sequencing (ES/GS) enables the identification of multiple molecular diagnoses (MMDs), being a long-standing but underestimated concept, defined by two or more causal loci implicated in the phenotype of an individual with a rare disease. Only few series report MMDs rates (1.8% to 7.1%). This study highlights the increasing role of MMDs in a large cohort of individuals addressed for congenital anomalies/intellectual disability (CA/ID).MethodsFrom 2014 to 2021, our diagnostic laboratory rendered 880/2658 positive ES diagnoses for CA/ID aetiology. Exhaustive search on MMDs from ES data was performed prospectively (January 2019 to December 2021) and retrospectively (March 2014 to December 2018).ResultsMMDs were identified in 31/880 individuals (3.5%), responsible for distinct (9/31) or overlapping (22/31) phenotypes, and potential MMDs in 39/880 additional individuals (4.4%).ConclusionMMDs are frequent in CA/ID and remain a strong challenge. Reanalysis of positive ES data appears essential when phenotypes are partially explained by the initial diagnosis or atypically enriched overtime. Up-to-date clinical data, clinical expertise from the referring physician, strong interactions between clinicians and biologists, and increasing gene discoveries and improved ES bioinformatics tools appear all the more fundamental to enhance chances of identifying MMDs. It is essential to provide appropriate patient care and genetic counselling.
Design Choices for Crowdsourcing Implicit Discourse Relations: Revealing the Biases Introduced by Task Design
Authors: Pyatkin Valentina , Yung Frances , Scholman Merel C. J. , Tsarfaty Reut , Dagan Ido , Demberg Vera 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Disagreement in natural language annotation has mostly been studied from a perspective of biases introduced by the annotators and the annotation frameworks. Here, we propose to analyze another source of bias—task design bias, which has a particularly strong impact on crowdsourced linguistic annotations where natural language is used to elicit the interpretation of lay annotators. For this purpose we look at implicit discourse relation annotation, a task that has repeatedly been shown to be difficult due to the relations’ ambiguity. We compare the annotations of 1,200 discourse relations obtained using two distinct annotation tasks and quantify the biases of both methods across four different domains. Both methods are natural language annotation tasks designed for crowdsourcing. We show that the task design can push annotators towards certain relations and that some discourse relation senses can be better elicited with one or the other annotation approach. We also conclude that this type of bias should be taken into account when training and testing models.
Reconsidering the Turkish–Islamic Synthesis
Authors: Elhan Nail , Şirin Başar 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Turkish–Islamic Synthesis has been an influential doctrine since the 1970s in Turkey. It emerged as a national/cultural reaction against the rising influence of the leftist and radical Islamist movements and has been discussed within these contexts. This study will expand the scope of the concept and offer Iran/Shi‘ism as a threat to Turkey’s national/religious integrity within the context of Turkish–Islamic Synthesis. The historical/ideological rivalry between the Sunni/Shi‘a and Turks/Iranians reached its peak after the Iranian Revolution in 1979. This study, which examines the issue with regards to the otherness and friend/enemy distinction perspectives, aims to include Iran and Shi‘ism in the discourse on Turkish–Islamic Synthesis and will use primary sources on the subject.
Laṭxāna (1950–1954), an Intellectual Commune in Quetta (Baluchistan)
Authors: Columeau Julien 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This paper retraces the history, activities, and contribution of an intellectual commune active in Quetta, Pakistan between 1950 and 1954: the ‘Laṭxāna commune’. Laṭxāna (Psht. ‘House of idleness’) is the name of a place in which Baluch, Pashtun, Urdu-speaking and Sindhi intellectuals settled in 1950. Laṭxāna’s intellectuals were in close contact with the Communist Party of Pakistan and its cultural branch, the Progressive Writers’ Association, and attempted to spread socialist or communist thought in Baluchistan. Following an agenda outlined by communist and progressive writers, they set out to develop literature in the languages of Baluchistan, launching a Baluchi literary association and a Pashto-language journal and publishing the first collections of modern Baluchi poetry. Laṭxāna’s members also promoted their outlook through journalism, and edited journals, such as Xāwar, Nawā-e waṭan and Ciltan. In 1954, the Laṭxāna intellectuals—who had so far been simple representatives of the Communists or Progressives in Baluchistan—started their own political movement. They created a political party and published a manifesto, which called for a socialist Baluchistan free from the influence of landowners and feudal leaders. Alongside ideological disagreements, the arrest of some of the commune’s prominent members finally led to the closure of Laṭxāna, but the group nevertheless had a long-lasting influence on Baluchistan’s political and intellectual landscape. In this paper, I shall discuss the commune’s literary, journalistic, and political contributions, notably through the accounts of its founding fathers, Mir Abdullah Jamaldini and Sain Kamal Khan Sherani.
Johann P. Arnason’s Analysis of Communism and the Debate on Soviet Modernity
Authors: Maslovskiy Mikhail 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Johann P. Arnason has offered a comprehensive sociological analysis of the origins, historical dynamics and decline of the alternative communist model of modernity. At the same time, in the field of Soviet studies two distinct approaches have been formed which stress the modern character of Soviet society or its neo-traditionalist aspects. Arnason’s work can contribute to bridging the gap between these approaches. His ideas are also relevant for explaining the collapse of the Soviet system and assessing the role of historical legacies in post-Soviet states. Combining Arnason’s theoretical perspective and recent approaches in history and comparative politics may result in a deeper understanding of the Soviet model as a specific type of modern society and the consequences of its disintegration.
Rare disease variant curation from literature: assessing gaps with creatine transport deficiency in focus
Authors: Lyons Erica L. , Watson Daniel , Alodadi Mohammad S. , Haugabook Sharie J. , Tawa Gregory J. , Hannah-Shmouni Fady , Porter Forbes D. , Collins Jack R. , Ottinger Elizabeth A. , Mudunuri Uma S. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Approximately 4–8% of the world suffers from a rare disease. Rare diseases are often difficult to diagnose, and many do not have approved therapies. Genetic sequencing has the potential to shorten the current diagnostic process, increase mechanistic understanding, and facilitate research on therapeutic approaches but is limited by the difficulty of novel variant pathogenicity interpretation and the communication of known causative variants. It is unknown how many published rare disease variants are currently accessible in the public domain.

Results
This study investigated the translation of knowledge of variants reported in published manuscripts to publicly accessible variant databases. Variants, symptoms, biochemical assay results, and protein function from literature on the SLC6A8 gene associated with X-linked Creatine Transporter Deficiency (CTD) were curated and reported as a highly annotated dataset of variants with clinical context and functional details. Variants were harmonized, their availability in existing variant databases was analyzed and pathogenicity assignments were compared with impact algorithm predictions. 24% of the pathogenic variants found in PubMed articles were not captured in any database used in this analysis while only 65% of the published variants received an accurate pathogenicity prediction from at least one impact prediction algorithm.

Conclusions
Despite being published in the literature, pathogenicity data on patient variants may remain inaccessible for genetic diagnosis, therapeutic target identification, mechanistic understanding, or hypothesis generation. Clinical and functional details presented in the literature are important to make pathogenicity assessments. Impact predictions remain imperfect but are improving, especially for single nucleotide exonic variants, however such predictions are less accurate or unavailable for intronic and multi-nucleotide variants. Developing text mining workflows that use natural language processing for identifying diseases, genes and variants, along with impact prediction algorithms and integrating with details on clinical phenotypes and functional assessments might be a promising approach to scale literature mining of variants and assigning correct pathogenicity. The curated variants list created by this effort includes context details to improve any such efforts on variant curation for rare diseases.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Lactate dehydrogenase D
serves as a novel biomarker for prognosis and immune infiltration in lung
adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zhang Yu , Zhang Tianyi , Zhao Yingdong , Wu Hongdi , Zhen Qiang , Zhu Suwei , Hou Shaoshuai 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Lung cancer is reported to be the leading cause of death in males
and females, globally. Increasing evidence highlights the paramount importance
of Lactate dehydrogenase D (LDHD) in different types of cancers, though it’s
role in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is still inadequately explored. In this
study, we aimed to investigate and determine the relationship between LDHD and
LUAD.

Methods
The collection of the samples was guided by The Cancer Genome Atlas
(TCGA) datasets and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). To ascertain various aspects
around LDHD function, we analyzed different expression genes (DEGs), functional
enrichment, and protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks. The predictive
values for LDHD were collectively determined using the Kaplan–Meier method, Cox
regression analysis, and a nomogram. Evaluation of the immune infiltration
analysis was completed using Estimate and ssGSEA. The prediction of the
immunotherapy response was based on TIDE and IPS. The LDHD expression levels in
LUAD were validated through Western blot, qPCR, and immunohistochemistry
methods. Wound healing and transwell assays were also performed to illustrate
the aggressive features in LUAD cell lines.

Results
The results showed that LDHD was generally downregulated in LUAD
patients, with the low LDHD group presenting a decline in OS, DSS, and PFI.
Enriched pathways, which include pyruvate metabolism, central carbon metabolism,
and oxidative phosphorylation were observed through KEGG analysis. It was also
noted that the expression of LDHD expression was inversely related to immune
cell infiltration and typical checkpoints. The high LDHD group’s response to
immunotherapy was remarkable, particularly in CTAL4 + /PD1- therapy. In vitro
studies revealed that the overexpression of LDHD caused tumor migration and
invasion to be suppressed.

Conclusion
In conclusion, our study revealed that LDHD might be an effective
predictor of prognosis and immune filtration, possibly leading to better choices
for immunotherapy.
The effects of female sex hormones on the human cornea across a woman’s life cycle
Authors: Kelly Donel S. , Sabharwal Sabhyta , Ramsey David J. , Morkin Melina I. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe cornea is a hormone-responsive tissue that responds to changing levels of female sex hormones. This review focuses on the structural and functional changes in the human cornea associated with the hormonal milestones of menarche, pregnancy, and menopause, as well as consequences stemming from the use of exogenous sex hormones for fertility control and replacement. Articles were identified by searching PubMed without language or region restrictions. The primary outcomes evaluated were changes in central corneal thickness (CCT), intraocular pressure (IOP), and quality of the ocular tear film. The potential impact of hormone-associated changes on the diagnosis and surgical management of common eye diseases, as well as the potential use of sex hormones as therapeutic agents is also considered. Understanding the physiological effects of female sex hormones on the cornea is important because that knowledge can shape the management decisions physicians and women face about ocular health across their life stages.