bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Progress, challenges, and perspectives on polymer substrates for emerging flexible solar cells: A holistic panoramic review
Authors: Subudhi Poonam , Punetha Deepak 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn pursuit of a renewable, inexpensive, sustainable, and compact energy source to replace fossil fuels, solar photovoltaic devices have become an ideal alternative to meet human needs for environmentally friendly, affordable, and portable power sources. It is due to their excellent mechanical robustness and outstanding energy conversion efficiency. Concerning the increasing demand for flexible and wearable electronic devices with standalone power sources, much attention has been paid to photovoltaics' flexibility and lightweight developments. Along with high mechanical flexibility and lightweight, flexible photovoltaic devices have the advantages of conformability, bendability, wearability, moldability, and roll‐to‐roll processing into complex shapes that can produce niche products. Emerging solar cells, among other photovoltaic technologies, have been exalted for their high conversion efficiency, low cost, and ease of production, making them a viable new‐generation photovoltaic technology. The main commercialization choice for cutting‐edge solar cells is flexible dye‐sensitized and perovskite solar cells since they can be made using a roll‐to‐roll printing technique and are appropriate for mass manufacturing. More significantly, flexible evolving solar cells may be created on ultrathin and light substrates to fulfill the demands of the developing flexible electronics industry and discover uses that are not possible with traditional photovoltaic technology. In any flexible device, the substrate is a backbone on which further materials rely. A flexible substrate reduces the installation and transportation charges, thereby reducing the system price and increasing power conversion efficiency. In this review, we comprehensively assess relevant materials suitable for making flexible photovoltaic devices. Several flexible substrate materials, including ultra‐thin glass, metal foils, and various types of polymer materials, have been considered. For conducting materials, transparent conducting oxides, metal nanowires/grids, carbon nanomaterials, and conducting polymers have also been comprehended. Progress on various flexible foils, fabrication and stability issues, current challenges, and solutions to those challenges of using conductive polymer substrate is endorsed and reviewed in detail. The originality of this holistic study lies in its ability to offer a thorough overview of recent advancements in flexible dye‐sensitized and perovskite solar cells on polymer substrates, which is conceivable and worthy as a roadmap for future research work.
C‐Alkylated flavonoids from the whole plants of Desmodium caudatum and their anti‐TMV activity
Authors: Li Yin‐Ke , Xiong Rui‐Feng , Wu Qing‐Yang , Yao Sui , Qu Xing , Huang Zhi‐Hua , Su Yu‐Long , Wu Yu‐Ping , Dong Miao , Zhou Min , Hu Qiu‐Fen 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundNatural products are important sources of biopesticides to control plant virus, and flavonoids are identified as promising anti‐tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) agents. Since Desmodium caudatum is a rich source of flavonoids, this study focuses on the discovery of the new anti‐TMV active flavonoids from D. caudatum and their possible mode of action.ResultsThree new (compounds 1–3) and nine known (compounds 4–12) C‐alkylated flavonoids were isolated from D. caudatum. To the best of our knowledge, the framework of 1–3 was reported in natural products for the first time. In addition, 1–3, 5, and 6 showed notable anti‐TMV activity with inhibition rates in the range of 35.8–64.3% at a concentration of 50 μg/mL, and these rates are higher than that of positive control (with inhibition rates of 34.6% ± 2.8). In addition, the structure–activity relationship study revealed that the (pyrrol‐2‐yl)methyl moiety on flavone can significantly increases the activity. This result is helpful to find new anti‐TMV inhibitors.ConclusionC‐Alkylated flavonoids showed potent activities against TMV with multiple modes of actions. The increase of defense‐related enzyme activities, up‐regulate the expression of defense related genes, down‐regulate the expression of Hsp70 protein by inhibiting the related Hsp genes that are involved in tobacco resistance to TMV. By the actions mentioned earlier, the infection of TMV was influenced, thereby achieving the effects of control of TMV. The successful isolation of the earlier‐mentioned flavonoids provide the new source of biopesticides to TMV proliferation, and also contribute to the utilization of D. caudatum. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
A quantitative assessment of key drivers for environmental economic practices adoption for sustainable development
Authors: Oke Ayodeji Emmanuel , Aliu John , Odia Onoriode Austin , Aigbavboa Clinton O. , Jamir Singh Paramjit Singh , Awuzie Bankole O. , Samsurijan Mohamad Shaharudin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to present the results of an assessment aimed at evaluating potential drivers for the adoption of environmental economic practices in the construction industry, with a view to enhancing sustainability of construction projects, using the Nigerian construction industry as a case study. This study utilized a post‐positivist philosophical approach and a quantitative research design to collect data from construction professionals in the Nigerian construction industry through a well‐structured questionnaire. The collected data was analyzed using various statistical tests, including the Kruskal–Wallis H test, Kendall's coefficient of concordance (W), Chi‐square (χ2), and exploratory factor analysis. Five major clusters of drivers for the adoption of environmental economic practices were derived in this study. These are (1) operational drivers, (2) stakeholder drivers, (3) market and financial drivers, (4) regulatory and policy drivers, and (5) technological drivers. The findings of this study offer valuable insights into the potential drivers for the adoption of environmental economic practices in the construction industry, particularly from the perspective of a developing country such as Nigeria. Overall, this study contributes to the promotion of environmental sustainability in the construction industry, particularly in developing countries, which can have significant implications for global sustainability efforts.
A Decade of Melt Electrowriting
Authors: O'Neill Kelly L. , Dalton Paul D. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractOver the past decade, melt electrowriting (MEW) has established the fundamental understanding of processing (and printer) requirements. Iterative work on parametric development and dissemination of this recent additive manufacturing technology has been performed across many systems and polymers (mainly poly‐(ε‐caprolactone)), showing similarities and trends. However, the software and hardware ecosystems of MEW are not mature. Further, due to its multi‐parametric nature, MEW can be challenging for laboratories to master. This review intends to provide a unique perspective on the dynamic relationship between MEW processing parameters. Such parameters can be divided into 1) those that affect the polymer flow rate to or 2) from the nozzle, and 3) environmental conditions. The most influential parameters for high‐quality printing are applied voltage, applied pressure, collector speed, polymer temperature, nozzle diameter, and the conditions that lead to charge buildup (e.g., relative humidity). Other factors such as ambient temperature, nozzle size, and protrusion, collector temperature and conductivity, and collector distance can all affect the process. Success for MEW printing means fibers fall onto the collector according to their pre‐programmed path with predicted fiber diameter. Here, the authors elucidate how the dynamic relationship between these parameters can converge into ideal printing conditions to produce scaffolds.
Advances on the Application of Wide Band‐Gap Insulating Materials in Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Guo Yi , Huang Like , Wang Chaofeng , Liu Shuang , Huang Jiajia , Liu Xiaohui , Zhang Jing , Hu Ziyang , Zhu Yuejin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn recent years, the development of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is advancing rapidly with their recorded photoelectric conversion efficiency reaching 25.8%. However, for the commercialization of PSCs, it is also necessary to solve their stability issue. In order to improve the device performance, various additives and interface modification strategies have been proposed. While, in many cases, they can guarantee a significant increase in efficiency, but not ensure improved stability. Therefore, materials that improve the device efficiency and stability simultaneously are urgently needed. Some wide band‐gap insulating materials with stable physical and chemical properties are promising alternative materials. In this review, the application of wide band‐gap insulating materials in PSCs, including their preparation methods, working roles, and mechanisms are described, which will promote the commercial application of PSCs.
Insulin therapy in a dog diagnosed with a metastatic insulin‐secreting neuroendocrine tumour
Authors: Kane Briannan‐Kym , Thompson Ann 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA 10‐year‐old, male, neutered Jack Russell terrier cross presented for a 24‐hour history of ataxia and collapse, progressing to generalised seizures in hospital at which a severe hypoglycaemia (2.9 mmol/L; 3.5–6.7) and hyperinsulinaemia (122 mU/L; 5–40 mU/L) were documented. Fine‐needle aspirates taken from multiple hepatic masses confirmed the diagnosis of a neuroendocrine neoplasm and probable metastatic insulinoma. Initial medical treatment consisted of intravenous dextrose 5%, glucagon continuous‐rate infusion, prednisolone, diazoxide, S‐adenosylmethionine and silybin, and toceranib phosphate. Hyperglycaemia (16.9 mmol/L; 3.5–6.7 mmol/L) was documented 157 days after commencing therapy with consistent clinical signs of diabetes mellitus. All medical treatments for insulinoma were discontinued; however, the dog's hyperglycaemia persisted. Therefore, caninsulin therapy commenced at a starting dose of 0.25 IU/kg, and was gradually increased to 0.6 IU/kg in the morning and 0.5 IU/kg in the evening. The dog was treated with insulin for 140 days, before relapsing hypoglycaemia and hyperinsulinaemia, with subsequent euthanasia 320 days after the initial diagnosis.
Zivile Konfliktbearbeitung und Ziviler Friedensdienst
Authors: Ruppel Samantha 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungIn diesem Kapitel erfolgt zunächst eine allgemeine Einführung und Begriffsklärung zur Friedenskonsolidierung und für Zivile Konfliktbearbeitung im Speziellen. Daran anschließend wird die besondere Rolle von zivilgesellschaftlichen Organisationen in der Friedensarbeit betrachtet. Dies ist eine erste Darstellung, welche dazu dient, den ZFD, der von zivilgesellschaftlichen Organisationen durchgeführt wird, besser verorten zu können. Darauf folgt eine Vorstellung des ZFD im Detail. Diese ausführliche Darstellung ist hilfreich, um den empirischen Teil, welcher Fallstudien des ZFD beinhaltet, besser einordnen und verstehen zu können. Generell findet in allen Kapiteln auch eine machtkritische Betrachtung von ZKB, der Arbeit von zivilgesellschaftlichen Organisationen und des ZFD statt.
Analytical Solution to Unsaturated Infiltration
Authors: Wu Lizhou , Zhou Jianting 
Published: May 2023

AbstractRainfall infiltration in unsaturated soil slopes is a classic issue in geotechnical engineering (Conte and Troncone in Géotechnique 62:87–91, 2012; Morbidelli et al. in J Hydrol 557:878–886, 2018). Factors influencing the soil slope stability due to rainwater infiltration comprise the rainfall characteristics, the saturated permeability coefficient, the geometry of the slope, and the boundary and initial soil moisture conditions (Ali et al. in Comput Geotech 61:341–354, 2014; Wu et al. in Hydro-mechanical analysis of rainfall-induced landslides. Springer, 2020).
Improved Linear and Nonlinear Iterative Methods for Rainfall Infiltration Simulation
Authors: Wu Lizhou , Zhou Jianting 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe linear infiltration equations obtained by discretizing Richards’ equation need to be solved iteratively, including two approaches of linear and nonlinear iterations. The first method is to use numerical methods to directly numerically discretize Richards’ equations to obtain nonlinear ordinary differential equations and then use nonlinear iterative methods to iteratively solve, such as Newton’s method (Radu et al. in On the convergence of the Newton method for the mixed finite element discretization of a class of degenerate parabolic equation. Numerical mathematics and advanced applications. Springer, pp 1194–1200, 2006), Picard method (Lehmann and Ackerer 1998), and the L-method (List and Radu 2016). The Picard method can be considered as a simplified Newton method, which linearly converges.
Pervasive Augmented Reality to support logistics operators in industrial scenarios: a shop floor user study on kit assembly
Authors: Maio Rafael , Santos André , Marques Bernardo , Ferreira Carlos , Almeida Duarte , Ramalho Pedro , Batista Joel , Dias Paulo , Santos Beatriz Sousa 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAugmented Reality (AR) is a pillar of the transition to Industry 4.0 and smart manufacturing. It can facilitate training, maintenance, assembly, quality control, remote collaboration and other tasks. AR has the potential to revolutionize the way information is accessed, used and exchanged, extending user’s perception and improving their performance. This work proposes a Pervasive AR tool, created with partners from the industry sector, to support the training of logistics operators on industrial shop floors. A Human-Centered Design (HCD) methodology was used to identify operators difficulties, challenges, and define requirements. After initial meetings with stakeholders, two distinct methods were considered to configure and visualize AR content on the shop floor: Head-Mounted Display (HMD) and Handheld Device (HHD). A first (preliminary) user study with 26 participants was conducted to collect qualitative data regarding the use of AR in logistics, from individuals with different levels of expertise. The feedback obtained was used to improve the proposed AR application. A second user study was realized, in which 10 participants used different conditions to fulfill distinct logistics tasks: C1 — paper; C2 — HMD; C3 — HHD. Results emphasize the potential of Pervasive AR in the operators’ workspace, in particular for training of operators not familiar with the tasks. Condition C2 was preferred by all participants and considered more useful and efficient in supporting the operators activities on the shop floor.
On the Global Convergence of Particle Swarm Optimization Methods
Authors: Huang Hui , Qiu Jinniao , Riedl Konstantin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this paper we provide a rigorous convergence analysis for the renowned particle swarm optimization method by using tools from stochastic calculus and the analysis of partial differential equations. Based on a continuous-time formulation of the particle dynamics as a system of stochastic differential equations, we establish convergence to a global minimizer of a possibly nonconvex and nonsmooth objective function in two steps. First, we prove consensus formation of an associated mean-field dynamics by analyzing the time-evolution of the variance of the particle distribution, which acts as Lyapunov function of the dynamics. We then show that this consensus is close to a global minimizer by employing the asymptotic Laplace principle and a tractability condition on the energy landscape of the objective function. These results allow for the usage of memory mechanisms, and hold for a rich class of objectives provided certain conditions of well-preparation of the hyperparameters and the initial datum. In a second step, at least for the case without memory effects, we provide a quantitative result about the mean-field approximation of particle swarm optimization, which specifies the convergence of the interacting particle system to the associated mean-field limit. Combining these two results allows for global convergence guarantees of the numerical particle swarm optimization method with provable polynomial complexity. To demonstrate the applicability of the method we propose an efficient and parallelizable implementation, which is tested in particular on a competitive and well-understood high-dimensional benchmark problem in machine learning.
Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterization of Antimicrobial Resistance in Streptococci Isolated from Human and Animal Clinical Specimens
Authors: Glajzner Paulina , Szewczyk Eligia M. , Szemraj Magdalena 
Published: May 2023

AbstractRecently, the phenomenon of infection of humans as hosts by animal pathogens has been increasing. Streptococcus is an example of a genus in which bacteria overcome the species barrier. Therefore, monitoring infections caused by new species of human pathogens is critical to their spread. Seventy-five isolates belonging to streptococcal species that have recently been reported as a cause of human infections with varying frequency, were tested. The aim of the study was to determine the drug resistance profiles of the tested strains, the occurrence of resistance genes and genes encoding the most important streptococcal virulence factors. All tested isolates retained sensitivity to β-lactam antibiotics. Resistance to tetracyclines occurred in 56% of the tested strains. We have detected the MLSB type resistance (cross-resistance to macrolide, lincosamide, and streptogramin B) in 20% of the tested strains. 99% of the strains had tetracycline resistance genes. The erm class genes encoding MLSB resistance were present in 47% of strains. Among the strains with MLSB resistance, 92% had the streptokinase gene, 58% the streptolysin O gene and 33% the streptolysin S gene. The most extensive resistance concerned isolates that accumulated the most traits and genes, both resistance genes and virulence genes, increasing their pathogenic potential. Among the tested strains, the gene encoding streptokinase was the most common. The results of the prove that bacteria of the species S. uberis, S. dysgalactiae and S. gallolyticus are characterized by a high pathogenic potential and can pose a significant threat in case of infection of the human body.
Optimization of hydrophobic nonresponsive sol-ketal acrylate gel film to hydrophilic thermo-responsive gel by graft-polymerization
Authors: Abdelaty Momen S. A. , Abu-Zahra Nidal 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis work has been done in three steps. First, the preparation of acrylate monomers; they are [dimethyl-1,3-dioxoylan-4-yl-methylacrylate (sol-ketal acrylate) (SKA)], [4-acetylphenyl acrylate (APHA)], and [4-formyl-2-methoxyphenylacrylate (VA)]. All monomers were evaluated using 1H, 13C-NMR, and FT-IR. In the next step, two kinds of polymers were prepared. Two series of copolymers and terpolymers were carried out via the free-radical polymerization; SKA with the photo-cross-linker for poly (SKA-co-DMIAm) photo-cross-linker polymer and VA and APHA with N-isopropylacrylamide for poly (NIPA-co-VA-co-APHA) functional-thermo-responsive terpolymer. All fabricated polymers were investigated by (1H-NMR, FT-IR, UV, GPC, and DSC). The phase separation temperature of polymer solutions has been measured through the turbidity and the change in transmittance to the temperatures using UV–Vis spectroscopy. Eventually, the UV was used to form the gel layer after the deposition of the gold layer. The nonresponsive gel layer was grafted with poly (NIPA-co-VA-co-APHA) to optimize the upper layer to the thermo-responsive functional layer. SPR/OW measured the swelling properties of the gel layers. The active layer will immobilize biological molecules with the primary amine group.
Graphical abstract
The schematic diagram shows the steps of gel formation: The cross-linking initiated by UV; SPR/OW for film thickness; grafting for gel optimization.
Persistent Postural-Perceptual Dizziness (PPPD) and quality of life: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Steensnaes Malin Herwander , Knapstad Mari Kalland , Goplen Frederik Kragerud , Berge Jan Erik 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To determine if Persistent Postural-Perceptual Dizziness (PPPD) is associated with increased burden of dizziness and quality of life. Secondly, if this association is present, to determine if it can be explained by differences in anxiety and/or depression between patients with PPPD and dizzy patients without PPPD.

Methods
Cross-sectional study performed in an outpatient otolaryngology clinic, including patients 18–67 years referred from primary care for suspected vestibular disease with chronic dizziness. Patients underwent clinical examination and completed the following questionnaires: Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI), RAND-12 Health Status Inventory and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Scores in DHI and RAND-12 were compared between patients diagnosed with PPPD and patients without PPPD.

Results
202 patients were included. 150 (74%) were women and 37 (18%) were diagnosed with PPPD. Patients in the PPPD group had increased burden of dizziness and reduced quality of life (QoL) as shown by a higher mean DHI score (49.2 vs. 30.8; p < 0.001) and reduced mean RAND-12 physical score (39.0 vs. 44.6; p = 0.004). After adjusting for age, gender and HADS, PPPD was associated with a 15.3 (p < 0.001) points increase in DHI score, and a 4.0 (p = 0.020) points decrease in RAND-12 physical score.

Conclusion
Patients with PPPD have a higher burden of dizziness and a lower physical health-related quality of life (HRQoL) compared to other dizzy patients. The difference was evident also after adjusting for anxiety and depression, illustrating how PPPD is a different entity than these common psychiatric conditions.
A small RNA, microRNA as a potential biomolecular marker to estimate post mortem interval in forensic science: a systematic review
Authors: Pasaribu Roben Suhadi , Auerkari Elza Ibrahim , Suhartono Antonius Winoto , Auerkari Pertti 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Post-mortem interval (PMI) is the cornerstone of the forensic field to investigate. The examination technique by seeing the changes in the body such as algor mortis, rigor mortis, and livor mortis is a traditional technique in which accuracy is influenced by many factors. A biomolecular technique that uses microRNA (miRNA) biomarkers is developing because miRNA has good stability than other RNA, so it meets the requirements to be used for PMI estimation.

Method
Following the PRISMA guidelines, journals were taken from 5 databases: Scopus, Science Direct, PubMed, Embase, and Springer. The review was carried out by two people. Inclusion criteria in this review are original research, published in the last 10 years, discussing miRNA as a biomarker for PMI estimation, and free full access. While exclusion criteria are not original research and not using English.

Result
Eighteen journals were reviewed in this study. The study was conducted using test animals (rats) and human samples with tissue sources taken from the liver, skeletal muscle, blood, bone, heart, skin, saliva, semen, brain, lung, vitreous humor, spleen, and kidney. miRNA expression levels after death showed different results based on miRNA target, tissue source, and others.

Discussion
The results of each study are different due to the use of different types of miRNA targets and tissue sources. miRNA has great potential to estimate PMI in forensic science, but it is necessary to control the influencing factors to obtain an accurate conclusion.