bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A prospective longitudinal cohort study on risk factors for COVID-19 vaccination failure (RisCoin): methods, procedures and characterization of the cohort
Authors: Koletzko Sibylle , Le Thi Thu Giang , Zhelyazkova Ana , Osterman Andreas , Wichert Sven P. , Breiteneicher Simone , Koletzko Leandra , Schwerd Tobias , Völk Stefanie , Jebrini Tarek , Horak Jeannie , Tuschen Marina , Choukér Alexander , Hornung Veit , Keppler Oliver T. , Koletzko Berthold , Török Helga P. , Adorjan Kristina ,   Members of Riscoin Study Group, Keppler O. , Osterman A. , Garcia I. Badell , Huber M. , Wratil P. R. , Adorjan K. , Gryaznova A. , Jebrini T. , Kohl P. , De Jonge S. , Neumeier K. , Koletzko S. , Koletzko B. , Kim-Helmuth S. , Hao Y. , Horak J. , Le Thi T. G. , Puzek B. , Schwerd T. , Török H. P. , Koletzko L. , Breiteneicher S. , Csollarova K. , Choukér A. , Tuschen M. , Biere K. , Wöhrle T. , Matzel S. , Hörl M. , Moser M. , Hornung V. , Rech J. , Ludwig C. , Hansbauer L. , Zhelyazkova A. , Klein M. , Völk S. , Kim-Helmuth S. , Puzek B. , Kastenmüller G. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe primary objective of the RisCoin study was to investigate the interplay of genetic, metabolic, and lifestyle factors as well as stress levels on influencing the humoral immune response after at least two COVID-19 vaccinations, primarily with mRNAs, and the risk of SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections during follow-up. Here, we describe the study design, procedures, and study population. RisCoin is a prospective, monocentric, longitudinal, observational cohort study. Between October and December 2021, 4515 participants with at least two COVID-19 vaccinations, primarily BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273, were enrolled at the LMU University Hospital of Munich, thereof > 4000 healthcare workers (HCW), 180 patients with inflammatory bowel disease under immunosuppression, and 119 patients with mental disorders. At enrollment, blood and saliva samples were collected to measure anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, their neutralizing capacity against Omicron-BA.1, stress markers, metabolomics, and genetics. To ensure the confidential handling of sensitive data of study participants, we developed a data protection concept and a mobile application for two-way communication. The application allowed continuous data reporting, including breakthrough infections by the participants, despite irreversible anonymization. Up to 1500 participants attended follow-up visits every two to six months after enrollment. The study gathered comprehensive data and bio-samples of a large representative HCW cohort and two patient groups allowing analyses of complex interactions. Our data protection concept combined with the mobile application proves the feasibility of longitudinal assessment of anonymized participants. Our concept may serve as a blueprint for other studies handling sensitive data on HCW.
Studying bias in visual features through the lens of optimal transport
Authors: Fabbrizzi Simone , Zhao Xuan , Krasanakis Emmanouil , Papadopoulos Symeon , Ntoutsi Eirini 
Published: September 2023

AbstractComputer vision systems are employed in a variety of high-impact applications. However, making them trustworthy requires methods for the detection of potential biases in their training data, before models learn to harm already disadvantaged groups in downstream applications. Image data are typically represented via extracted features, which can be hand-crafted or pre-trained neural network embeddings. In this work, we introduce a framework for bias discovery given such features that is based on optimal transport theory; it uses the (quadratic) Wasserstein distance to quantify disparity between the feature distributions of two demographic groups (e.g., women vs men). In this context, we show that the Kantorovich potentials of the images, which are a byproduct of computing the Wasserstein distance and act as “transportation prices", can serve as bias scores by indicating which images might exhibit distinct biased characteristics. We thus introduce a visual dataset exploration pipeline that helps auditors identify common characteristics across high- or low-scored images as potential sources of bias. We conduct a case study to identify prospective gender biases and demonstrate theoretically-derived properties with experiments on the CelebA and Biased MNIST datasets.
A generalized framework for designing open-source natural hazard parametric insurance
Authors: Steinmann Carmen B. , Guillod Benoît P. , Fairless Christopher , Bresch David N. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractParametric insurance schemes allow for payouts to be triggered by real-time hydro-/meteorological parameters instead of waiting for damage assessments, which means they can be settled swiftly, giving people access to funds right after the event. In this work we propose a framework to design parametric insurance schemes and systematically quantify the basis risk: the difference between the parameter-based payout and the actual damage. We implement the framework in the open-source global risk assessment platform CLIMADA and illustrate it with two stylized parametric insurance case studies, targeting tropical cyclones in Mozambique and winter storms in France. The data used and the provided code base are globally-consistent, open-source, and readily available. The presented methods are therefore applicable in data-scarce areas and accessible to stakeholders from the public and private sector. Moreover, our approach can easily be adapted to other hazards and exposures worldwide. This improves the accessibility and transparency of such innovative insurance schemes.
Perceived support and influences in adolescents’ career choices: a mixed-methods study
Authors: Marcionetti Jenny , Zammitti Andrea 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSupport and influences on adolescents’ career choices come from a variety of sources. However, studies comparing the importance given to various sources of support are few, and none have analyzed differences in the support provided by mothers and fathers. This study aimed to examine quantitatively the importance given to support from various sources in a sample of 432 Swiss adolescents at two points in time in the period of choice and to explore qualitatively experiences related to support given/received by 10 mother–child dyads in the career choice process. The overall results endorse the mother as the main source of support.
The Conundrum of Kundakunda’s Status in the Digambara Tradition
Authors: Soni Jayandra 
Published: September 2023

AbstractKundakunda’s handling of several basic ideas cannot be omitted when one deals with the following concepts in Jaina philosophy: 1. Syāt/siya, syādvāda or saptabhaṅgī. 2. Nayas, vyavahāra and niścaya nayas and nayavāda. 3. Sapta and Nava tattvas/padārtha and 4. Anekāntavāda. No doubt his dates are a major conundrum; recent research regards him to have lived around the fourth or fifth centuries (Brill’s Encyclopedia of Jainism, BEJ: Brill’s Encyclopedia of Jainism (Handbook of Oriental Studies. Section 2 South Asia), edited by Knut Jacobsen, John A. Cort, Paul Dundas and Kristi L. Wiley. Leiden | Boston: Brill, 2020., p. 853). Moreover, it has been said that Kundakunda “thread a somewhat new path on which he virtually remained a lone traveller”, evident by the fact that hardly, if any, Digambara or even Śvetāmbara scholar elaborates on his ideas, let alone crediting him for significant basic insights into Jaina philosophy. Moreover, it seems to be evident, as will be attempted to show, that some ideas appear to be taken over from Kundakunda. Together with Kundakunda’s ‘legacy’, this article will highlight several conundrums regarding the philosophical impact of several concepts in his works that fortunately have not been relegated to oblivion.
Effect of the iridocorneal angle size on the diurnal pressure profile in a glaucoma suspect cohort and patients with glaucoma
Authors: Müller Michael , Pavlovic Ana , Niermann Theresa , Pavlovic Ivana , Priglinger Siegfried , Kohnen Thomas , Shajari Mehdi , Mackert Marc 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate the impact of the iridocorneal angle size (ICAS) on the diurnal intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients with suspected glaucoma (SG).

Method
Patients with any eye-pressure lowering medication or previous ocular surgery were excluded. In a retrospective study set, diurnal IOP profiles of 120 patients (205 eyes) within a 48-h period were analysed by regression analysis. Of those eyes, 44 were diagnosed to have glaucoma. The remaining eyes were used as healthy control group (HCG).

Results
The overall mean IOP was 15.63 mmHg ± 2.72 mmHg and mean ICAS was 23.92° ± 4.74°. In the glaucoma cohort, mean IOP was 18.77 ± 1.86 mmHg and mean ICAS was 25.02° ± 4.96°. In the HCG, mean IOP was 14.77 ± 2.25 mmHg and mean ICAS was 23.62° ± 4.64°. In the total cohort, as well as in the subgroups (HCG or glaucoma), regression analysis showed no significant impact even of the minimum ICAS, which was larger than 10°, on average (P = 0.89), maximum (P = 0.88), and range of IOP (P = 0.49) within 48 h. The difference between glaucoma cohort and HCG cohort was significant in terms of IOP (P < 0.001), but not for minimum ICAS (P = 0.07). Chi-square test showed no increase in prevalence of IOP peaks of  > 21 mmHg within 48 h in eyes with an angle between 10° and 20° (P = 0.18).

Conclusion
An ICAS of larger than 10° in HCG or glaucoma patients with an open-angle does not influence the minimum, average, maximum or range of IOP. Additionally, an angle size larger than 10° does not allow the prediction of IOP changes in these two cohorts.
L-serine combined with carboxymethyl chitosan guides amorphous calcium phosphate to remineralize enamel
Authors: Wang Yinghui , Zhang Shuting , Liu Peiwen , Li Fan , Chen Xu , Wang Haorong , Li Zhangyi , Zhang Xi , Zhang Xiangyu , Zhang Xu 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe aim of this study is to investigate a robust and stable calcium-phosphorus system to remineralize human early enamel caries lesions with nanocomplexes of carboxymethyl chitosan/L-serine/amorphous calcium phosphate (CMC-Ser-ACP) to develop an effective method for mimicking the amelogenin (AMEL) mineralization pattern through ACP assembly. A CMC-Ser-ACP nanocomplex solution was first synthesized by a chemical precipitation method, and then 1% sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) was added to induce ACP phase formation. The morphologies of the nanocomplexes were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and zeta potential analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were performed to detect surface charge and functional group changes. The subtle changes of the demineralized enamel models induced by the remineralization effect were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The CMC-Ser-ACP nanocomplex solution could be preserved without any precipitation for 45 days. After the application of NaClO and through the guidance of Ser, ACP nanoparticles transformed into relatively orderly arranged hydroxyapatite (HAP) crystals, generating an aprismatic enamel-like layer closely integrated with the demineralized enamel, which resulted in enhanced mechanical properties for the treatment of early enamel caries lesions. The CMC-Ser-ACP nanocomplex solution is a remineralization system with great solution stability, and when NaClO is added, it can rapidly regenerate an aprismatic enamel-like layer in situ on the demineralized enamel surface. This novel remineralization system has stable chemical properties and can greatly increase the therapeutic effects against early enamel caries.
Graphical Abstract
3D Scan of Hardness Imprints for the Non-destructive In-Situ Structural Assessment of Operated Metal Components
Authors: Bolzon Gabriella , Talassi Marco 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe structural integrity of operated components can be assessed by non-destructive mechanical tests performed in-situ with portable instruments. Particularly promising in this context are small scale hardness tests supplemented by the mapping of the residual imprints left on metal surfaces. The data thus collected represent the input of inverse analysis procedures, which determine the material characteristics and their evolution over time. The reliability of these estimates depends on the accuracy of the geometry scans and on the robustness of the data filtering and interpretation methodologies. The objective of the present work is to evaluate the accuracy of the 3D reconstruction of the residual deformation produced on metals by hardness tests performed at a few hundred N load. The geometry data are acquired by portable optical microscopes with variable focal distance. The imperfections introduced by the imaging system, which may not be optimized for all ambient conditions when used in automatic mode, are analysed. Representative examples of the output produced by the scanning tool are examined, focusing attention on the experimental disturbances typical of onsite applications. Proper orthogonal decomposition and data reduction techniques are applied to the information returned by the instrumentation. The essential features of the collected datasets are extracted and the main noise is removed. The results of this investigation show that the accuracy achievable with the considered equipment and regularization procedures can support the development of reliable diagnostic analyses of metal components in existing structures and infrastructures.
A Modification of Magnetic Adaptive Testing: Progressive Method for Nondestructive Inspection of Microstructural Changes in Ferromagnetic Constructional Materials
Authors: Ušák Elemír , Hašková Lenka , Vašut Daniel , Ušáková Mariana 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMagnetic adaptive testing (MAT), thanks to its relative simplicity from the point of view of both hardware and software, appears to be very promising for non-destructive analysis of various ferromagnetic constructional materials used in many industrial applications. In order to make the inspection of tested objects faster, even more straightforward and the processing of data easier, we concentrated our effort both to improve the experimental procedure, based on specific way of the measurement of magnetization curves at piece-wise linear (triangular) exciting field with a constant field rate of change (i.e., slope) as well as to create a universal software tool for MAT data analysis. On contrary to the original implementation of MAT, the hysteresis loops are measured with decreasing maximum field values, starting at sample saturation region; therefore, time consuming sample demagnetization can be skipped completely. In addition, an advanced tool for the processing of experimentally obtained magnetization curves is presented. Using this application allows to find proper non-traditional magnetic parameters (e.g., the differential permeability) being the most sensitive to various types of industrial load (e.g., thermal, mechanical and/or neutron irradiation) and, at the same time, sufficiently correlated with other, traditional magnetic as well as non-magnetic parameters used routinely for the assessment of possible structural changes associated with applied, often long-term, load even on a microscopic scale, prior to any damage manifests on a macroscopic, visible level. The software capabilities were demonstrated on the data representing the material, whose response to acting thermal load is being difficult to analyze, since the dependence of observed parameters (differential permeability) upon defined artificial ageing was rather complicated. Nevertheless, the sensitivity of differential permeability to such a load was found being more than 8 times larger than in case of traditional hysteretic parameter, namely the remanent flux density while the correlation between them was high.
Mixed-model moving assembly line material placement optimization for a shorter time-dependent worker walking time
Authors: Sedding Helmut A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCar mass production commonly involves a moving assembly line that mixes several car models. This requires plenty of material supplies at the line side, but available space is scarce. Thus, material is placed apart from ideal positions. Then, picking it up involves walking along the line. This time is non-productive and can encompass 10–15% of total production time. Thus, it is important to estimate and minimize it during production planning. However, the calculations are difficult because the conveyor continuously moves. Therefore, most literature bounds walking time by a constant, but this discards valuable potential. To better approximate it, we use a time-dependent V-shaped function. A comparison indicates that for a majority of instances, constant walking time estimates of 95% confidence are at least 51% higher. Then, we introduce a model to optimize material positions such that the model-mix walking time is minimized. This poses an NP-hard sequencing problem with a recursive and nonlinear objective function. Our key discovery is a lower bound on the objective of partial solutions, established by a Lagrangian relaxation that can be solved in quadratic time. Resulting branch and bound based algorithms allow to quickly and reliably optimize up to the largest real-world sized instances.
Sox17 protects human brain microvascular endothelial cells from AngII-induced injury by regulating autophagy and apoptosis
Authors: Wang Yanyan , Fang Marong , Ren Qiannan , Qi Wei , Bai Xinli , Amin Nashwa , Zhang Xiangjian , Li Zhenzhong , Zhang Lihong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntracranial aneurysm (IA), is a localized dilation of the intracranial arteries, the rupture of which is catastrophic. Hypertension is major IA risk factor that mediates endothelial cell damage. Sox17 is highly expressed in intracranial vascular endothelial cells, and GWAS studies indicate that its genetic alteration is one of the major genetic risk factors for IA. Vascular endothelial cell injury plays a vital role in the pathogenesis of IA. The genetic ablation of Sox17 plus hypertension induced by AngII can lead to an increased incidence of intracranial aneurysms had tested in the previous animal experiments. In order to study the underlying molecular mechanisms, we established stable Sox17-overexpressing and knockdown cell lines in human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs) first. Then flow cytometry, western blotting, and immunofluorescence were employed. We found that the knockdown of Sox17 could worsen the apoptosis and autophagy of HBMECs caused by AngII, while overexpression of Sox17 had the opposite effect. Transmission electron microscopy displayed increased autophagosomes after the knockdown of Sox17 in HBMECs. The RNA-sequencing analysis shown that dysregulation of the Sox17 gene was closely associated with the autophagy-related pathways. Our study suggests that Sox17 could protect HBMECs from AngII-induced injury by regulating autophagy and apoptosis.
Role of some inflammasomes in rheumatoid arthritis patients in Egypt
Authors: Ibrahem Reham , Raghip Mervat A. , Abdelwahed Mamdouh M. , Amin Noha S. , Abualfadl Esam M. , Waly Nancy G. F. M. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Aim
This study aims to demonstrate the role of some inflammasomes genes: NLRC4 (the NLR family, CARD domain-containing protein 4), NLRP1 (NLR family, pyrin domain-containing 1), ASC (Apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD), and CASPASE-1 in the pathogenesis of Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in Egyptian population.

Main methods
The expression level of NLRC4, NLRP1, ASC, and CASPASE-1 within PBMCs isolated from all RA subjects by quantitative real-time PCR. GAPDH gene was used as a reference gene. Measurement of serum level of IL-1β and IL-18 was performed using ELISA.

Key findings
Results showed dysregulated inflammasomes expression that may participate in the pathogenesis of the inflammatory process of the disease.

Significance
Understanding the role of inflammasomes in RA pathogenesis helps in finding promising therapy for the treatment and management of this disease.
Mid-infrared water pollutant sensor based on SPR-PCF
Authors: Gamal Yusuf , Younis B. M. , Abd-Elkader Ahmed El-Sayed , Furniss David , Farries Mark , Phang Sendy , Benson Trevor M. , Seddon Angela B. , Hameed Mohamed Farhat O. , Obayya S. S. A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this paper, a highly sensitive water pollutant optical sensor is proposed and analyzed. The suggested sensor consists of photonic crystal fiber with a core surrounded by four elliptical holes infiltrated with the studied analyte (pure/polluted water sample). In addition, two gold nanorods are mounted horizontally at the inner surfaces of two horizontal elliptical holes. The proposed sensor can efficiently detect dissolved pollutants in water such as nitric acid ($${\mathrm{HNO}}_{3}$$

HNO
3

) with concentrations of 14, 23 and 35% and $${\mathrm{H}}_{2}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$$

H
2

O
2

with concentrations of 7, 15 and 30%. The dissolved pollutants in water (analyte) have refractive indices (RIs) in the range of 1.350–1.355 in the mid infrared regime from λ = 2200 nm to λ = 3500 nm. A fully vectorial finite element method (FVFEM) is employed for the modal analysis of the reported structure. The geometrical parameters are studied to maximize the RI sensitivity where a high sensitivity of 36,000 nm/RIU is achieved between the studied RIs of 1.350 and 1.355. The obtained RI sensitivity is higher than those of the recent reported sensors in the literature especially those operating in the mid infrared wavelengths.
Multi-hollow Surface Dielectric Barrier Discharge: Production of Gaseous Species Under Various Air Flow Rates and Relative Humidities
Authors: Cimerman Richard , Hensel Karol 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAn evaluation of the gaseous species production by the discharge, i.e., discharge chemical activity, is very important for determining its potential for practical applications. In this work, production of gaseous species by the multi-hollow surface dielectric barrier discharge generated in a perforated ceramic substrate with the air-exposed electrode is investigated under conditions of various discharge powers (1–5 W), air flow rates (0.25–2.4 L/min) and air relative humidities (0–80%). Production of ozone O3, nitrous oxide N2O, nitric oxide NO, nitrogen dioxide NO2, dinitrogen pentoxide N2O5 and nitric acid HNO3 is evaluated in terms of concentration (ppm), production yield (g/kWh) and production rate (mg/h). The work demonstrates a critical impact of both air flow rate and relative humidity on prevailing discharge mode (“O3 mode” vs. “NOx mode”) and, thus, on overall composition and concentration of produced gaseous species. For low discharge power, the discharge operates in the “O3 mode”, when O3, N2O, N2O5 and HNO3 are dominant gaseous products. With the increasing power, the discharge transfers into the “NOx mode”, when N2O and HNO3 along with NO and NO2 are mostly produced. In dry air, transition from “O3 mode” to “NOx mode” is found for the specific input energy of 1000–1100 J/L. With an increase of air relative humidity from 20 to 80%, the transition gradually decreases from approximately 600 to 450 J/L, respectively.