bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermal Effect Modeling of Axial Static Stiffness of Motorized Spindle Unit
Authors: Liu Teng , Xu Haonan , Zhang Yifan , Jiao Zi'ang , Dong Zizheng , Zhou Liang 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In order to investigate the thermal variations of axial static stiffness of motorized spindle unit, a thermal modeling method of spindle axial static stiffness is established by combining the numerical simulation technology with analytical method. Firstly, based on a thermoelastic ring cylinder model and the Hertz contact theory, the analytical model of temperature rise - axial static stiffness thermal variation effect of spindle-angular contact ball bearing system is constructed; then, the spindle structural thermal model considering its coolant heat transfer is obtained by using the finite element heat-fluid-solid coupling simulation technology, to solve temperature rises of spindle bearings. Based on them, the Bushing element is used to analyze the stiffness of the bearing assembly in the thermal-structural coupling simulation modeling of motorized spindle unit, and thus to simulate the thermal variation effects of spindle axial static stiffness. Ultimately, the variation tendencies of the spindle axial static stiffness under various thermal conditions are analyzed by using this model, and the obtained results are compared with their corresponding test data. The comparisons show that: this modeling method can accurately predict the thermal variation tendencies of axial static stiffness during spindle operations. Then the temperature rise of spindle structure can cause its axial static stiffness to harden, which is associated with the thermal increase of bearing preload. The conclusions have the guiding significance for thermal balance design and optimization of spindle structure.
Soil Bacterial Community Diversity and Life Strategy during Coastal Island Slope Restoration and Forest Conversion: Changes under Aggregate Spray-Seeding Technique
Authors: Wang Zhikang , Li Chunlin , Geng Zengchao , Zhang Liangzhen , Sun Linting , Zhu Jianjun 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Objective: The objective of this study is to address the research gap regarding the diversity and life strategies of organisms inhabiting soil environments formed by new restoration techniques such as aggregate spray-seeding (ASS), which currently remain unclear.
Methods: We conducted a comparison between the ASS restoration area (SRA) and the natural vegetation area (NVA), as well as the ASS forest conversion area (FCA) and the traditional afforestation area (TAA) on Triangle Island, China. Environmental DNA sequencing was employed to analyze the diversity and life strategies of soil bacterial communities during both the summer and winter seasons.
Results: The SRA and FCA showed significantly higher Chao1 index and relative abundance of r-strategy bacteria compared to NVA and TAA, along with lower DNA guanine-cytosine (GC) content. The soil bacterial communities of NVA and TAA were similar to each other, as were those of SRA and FCA. Proteobacteria and Acidobacteriota were found to be the dominant phyla in our studied soils, accounting for 67.83-76.54% of the total relative abundance. Proteobacteria had a higher relative abundance in summer, while Acidobacteriota had a higher relative abundance in winter. GC content exhibited a negative correlation (p < 0.0001) with the relative abundance of r-strategy bacteria and a positive correlation (p < 0.01) with the relative abundance of K-strategy bacteria.
Conclusions: Our study demonstrates the impact of ASS application on the diversity and life strategy of soil bacterial communities, while also confirming the correlation between bacterial GC content and life strategy. These findings provide a basis for regulating soil microbial communities in ecological restoration projects.
METTL3-mediated m6A modification of lncRNA TSPAN12 promotes metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma through SENP1-depentent deSUMOylation of EIF3I
Authors: Lu Jiong , Li Bei , Xiong Xianze , Xu Jianrong , Peng Dingzhong , Nie Guilin , Wen Ningyuan , Wang Yaoqun 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In a previous study, we discovered that the lnc-TSPAN12 level was significantly elevated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and linked to a low chance of survival. In HCC, however, the function of lnc-TSPAN12 in modulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and metastasis is still poorly understood. This study demonstrated that lnc-TSPAN12 positively modulated migration, invasion, and EMT of HCC cells in vitro and exacerbated hepatic metastasis in patient-derived tumour xenograft metastatic models in vivo. The modification of N6-methyladenosine that is driven by METTL3 is essential because it is involved in the upregulation of lnc-TSPAN12, which contributes to the stability of lnc-TSPAN12. Mechanistically, lnc-TSPAN12 exhibits direct physical interactions with EIF3I and SENP1, and it also assumes the role of a scaffold to help enhance the SENP1-EIF3I interaction. This in turn inhibits the SUMOylation of EIF3I and the degradation of ubiquitin, eventually activating the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway to stimulate EMT and metastasis of HCC. Our results shed light on the lnc-TSPAN12 regulation mechanism in HCC metastasis and identify the lnc-TSPAN12-EIF3I/SENP1 axis as a novel treatment target for HCC.
Dynamical Properties of Two Diffusion Sir Epidemic Model with Markovian Switching
Authors: Milunovic Milica 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In this paper we consider a stochastic SIR epidemic model with treatment, nonlinear incidence rate and regime switching. For our model, we first prove the existence and uniqueness of the global positive solution. Then, we provide conditions under which the disease prevails in the population, as well as the sufficient conditions for the extinction of the disease. We close the paper by presenting numerical simulations to verify our theoretical results. For that purpose we use real-life data for Ebola outbreak in Sierra Leone and Covid-19 pandemic in Pakistan.
AMS Mathematics Subject Classification (2010): 60H10, 92D25, 93E15
On curves whose curvature depends on their position in different plane geometries
Authors: Pacheco Rui , Santos Susana C. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
We consider the problem of finding a plane curve when its curvature is prescribed in terms of its position. A unified contact geometric approach covering different plane geometries is proposed, according to which the solutions of the problem under consideration correspond to certain Legendre curves on a contact $3$-dimensional manifold arising naturally from the prescription. We will consider in detail the Euclidean, Lorentzian, isotropic and equi-centro-affine plane geometries.
Loss of function NOG variant causes radiounlar synostosis
Authors: Shen Fang , Luo Zhenqing , Zheng Yu , Deng Mei , Tu Ming , Zhao Liu , Zhu Guanghui , Wang Hua , Zhu Yimin , Yang Yongjia 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background: Several NOG variants have been reported in patients with congenital joint fusion syndromes. Radioulnar synostosis (RUS) is the most common joint malformation of upper limbs. This study aims to explore NOG mutations in RUS.
Methods:
Exome and Sanger sequencing data were used to identify NOGvariants in 325 patients with RUS. Parental relationship was determined by STR mapping. Pathogenicity was evaluated for variants with interest. HeLa and U-2OS cells were cultured in vitro with the transfection of flag-tagged NOG-WT, NOG-Q221X, and control clones. Gene expression, protein levels, and cellular localization were determined using RT-PCR, Western blot analysis, and immunofluorescence.
Results:
A de novo NOG variant, i.e., c .661C>T/p.Q221X, was identified on a patient with RUS. Compared with WT, c.661C>T/p.Q221X showed a significantly decreased mRNA expression in HeLa and U-2OS cells transfected with the plasmids. In mutant status, the NOG protein was undetectable in Western blot assay. Cell immunofluorescence confirmed that the Q221X mutant protein was undetectable.
Conclusion:
This study confirmed that mutant NOG is a rare cause of human RUS. Patients with RUS in clinic should be evaluated for NOG variants.
Protocol: an improved method for inducing sporophyte generation in the model moss Physcomitrium patens under nitrogen starvation
Authors: Yoro Emiko , Koshimizu Shizuka , Murata Takashi , Sakakibara Keiko 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background:
Land plants exhibit a haplodiplontic life cycle, whereby multicellular bodies develop in both the haploid and diploid generations. The early-diverging land plants, known as bryophytes, have a haploid-dominant life cycle, in which a short-lived multicellular body in the diploid generation, known as the sporophyte, develops from the maternal haploid gametophyte tissues. The moss Physcomitrium (Physcomitrella) patens has become one of the most powerful model systems in evolutionary plant developmental studies. To induce diploid sporophytes of P. patens, the conventional approach is to grow approximately one-month-old gametophores for another month on Jiffy-7 pellets made from the peat moss that is difficult to fully sterilize. A more efficient method to obtain all tissues throughout the life cycle should accelerate studies of P. patens.
Results:
Here, we investigated the effect of nitrogen conditions on the growth and development of P. patens. We provide an improved protocol for the sporophyte induction of P. patens using a BCD-based solid culture medium without Jiffy-7 pellets, based on the finding that the formation of gametangia and subsequent sporophytes is promoted by nitrogen-free growth conditions. The protocol consists of two steps; first, culture the protonemata and gametophores on nitrogen-rich medium under continuous light at 25°C, and then transfer the gametophores onto nitrogen-free medium under short-day and at 15°C for sporophyte induction.
Conclusions:
Our more efficient and shortened protocol for inducing the formation of sporophytes will contribute to future studies into the fertilization or diploid sporophyte generation of P. patens.
Analyzing Spatio-Temporal Changes and Trade-offs/Synergies of Gross Ecosystem Product based on Water-Energy-Food in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, China
Authors: He Jia , wang Lingjing , Wen Chuanhao 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Context The value of all the ultimate goods and services that the ecosystem provides for human welfare and long-term economic and social development is known as the gross ecosystem product (GEP). For the study of GEP accounting, the suggested water-energy-food (WEF) nexus offers a fresh viewpoint. Objectives The aim of this work is to build a GEP accounting index system based on WEF, investigate its spatiotemporal evolution characteristics, and assess trade-offs and synergies between and within water, energy, and food subsystems. Methods We used the Biophysical & monetary method to calculate the GEP amount based on WEF in five time periods (2005, 2009, 2013, 2017, 2021) and ArcGIS for spatial mapping. Functional quantity value of ecosystem services interactions were identified by statistically analyzing the spatiotemporal pattern. Results Considering the passage of time, the GEP based on WEF in the TGRA displayed an increase trend. From the standpoint of spatial evolution, the spatial distribution pattern of GEP based on WEF showed a spatial pattern of "high in the east and west, low in the middle". The GEP trade-offs based on WEF was dominating. It was discovered that the distribution space of cold and hot areas of a single ecosystem service function value in the three subsystems had spatial variances. Conclusions This study demonstrated that GEP based on WEF presents spatial heterogeneity, and the water subsystem contributed the highest proportion of ecosystem service value, and the tradeoffs/synergies of ecosystem service value were different at different times, as a whole and locally.
Universal Kepler Solver using Kustaanheimo-Stiefel Regularization
Authors: Gates Drake 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we present a complete solution to the initial value problem for the unperturbed two-body problem, without Stumpff functions, using Kustaanheimo-Stiefel (KS) regularization. Further, we show that KS regularization increases the average accuracy of the solution when compared to regularization methods in R 3. Finally, we show timing results to demonstrate that, on average, the proposed method runs faster than standard formulations of the universal Kepler problem (Bate et al (1971),Vallado (2013)).
Dynamism and Conservation of Semi-natural Forest Habitats: The Cork Oak Forests of Central Italy
Authors: Giugliano Simona , Scarnati Luca , Attorre Fabio , Ficara Daniela , De Sanctis Michele , Francesconi Fabio 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

The forest habitats listed in the Habitats Directive 92/43/EEC include various semi-natural formations favoured or maintained in balance by human action, especially for productive purposes. Some of these coenoses are undergoing transformation due to the decrease in human interest and the consequent triggering of dynamic processes. In order to study this phenomenon, we analysed the case of the cork oak forests on the Tyrrhenian slope of central Italy, which are part of the habitat "9330 Quercus suber forests" of the Habitats Directive. The choice is appropriate because of the current characteristics of these stands: they cover a limited area and have a fragmented distribution, were created by man to exploit cork and are mostly wild. The ecological characteristics and dynamic processes at work were analysed through a multidisciplinary approach in order to elaborate possible conservation strategies. Through the elaboration of climatic, stationary, structural, regeneration and soil data, we have shown how the habitat is linked to silvicultural management that favours the regeneration and establishment of cork trees, in the absence of which signs of transformation towards mixed uneven-aged forests are evident. Through the analysis of the ecological niche, we identified the potential distribution of the species and the most suitable areas for possible intervention.
SWOT Analysis of Communicable Disease Surveillance in Sudan
Authors: Khogali Alhadi , AbuKoura Rahaf , Abdelmagid Nada , Ibrahim Mona , Ratnayake Ruwan , Dahab Maysoon 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Effective communicable disease surveillance is critical to addressing the compounded health impacts of concurrent epidemics, health systems collapse, and acute conflict in Sudan. This paper aims to map Sudan's communicable disease surveillance systems' strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats before the current conflict. Understanding this is essential to future efforts to rebuild the health system.
Despite existing for 50 years, little is published on Sudan’s disease surveillance systems and specifically the extent to which and how these systems have supported outbreak responses in the past. We conducted a scoping review to map the existing evidence on Sudan’s surveillance systems. We used a SWOT analysis to identify current and future gaps and opportunities to improve the performance of these systems for communicable diseases in Sudan. Our review shows that, prior to the conflict, disease-specific surveillance and response activities were fragmented across various divisions of the Federal Ministry of Health (FMoH). This made it difficult to have a clear surveillance and response hierarchy at the national level. Sudan has committed to strengthening its disease surveillance system as part of its national health sector policy. Efforts to bolster pandemic preparedness and response were and continue to be recognised as critical. Chiefly among them is the need to invest in a fit-for-purpose national surveillance system that can operate against a background of acute crisis. Greater transparency and data sharing, clear guidelines for communication and collaboration, and a centralised data management system can enhance the effectiveness of Sudan's communicable disease surveillance systems. Investment in a consolidated national surveillance system can support more efficient and coordinated responses to outbreaks and other health emergencies, with a view to future health system reconstruction.
A Tapestry of Habitats: Exploring Abundance and Habitat Preferences of the Northern Red Muntjac (Muntiacus vaginalis) across the Central Himalayan Landscape
Authors: Sharma Chandra Maya , Bhattacharya Saurav , Sharief Amira , Joshi Bheem Dutt , Thakur Mukesh , Sharma Lalit Kumar 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Understanding the occupancy and density estimate of barking deer (Muntiacus vaginalis) at a landscape scale is crucial due to their significant ecological impact on ecosystems, particularly as prey for large predators. This study employed a single-season site occupancy model to assess the occupancy and density of barking deer using camera traps in the east Sikkim and Darjeeling hills of the Central Himalayan landscape from 2018 to 2020. The survey covered both protected and non-protected areas, representing the diverse land use and topographic variations in the region. A total of 513 independent captures of barking deer were obtained from 3150 trap nights. The study estimated the naive occupancy of barking deer in the central Himalayan landscape to be 0.64. The top model revealed positive influences of broadleaved forest (β = 0.93 ± 0.26), mixed forest (β = 0.6 ± 0.47), and slope (β = 0.2 ± 0.24) on the occupancy probability, while elevation (β = -0.08 ± 0.24) and ruggedness (β = -0.53 ± 0.23) had negative influences. Similarly, broadleaved forest (β = 1.3 ± 0.24), mixed forest (β = 0.74 ± 0.39), and ruggedness (β = 0.62 ± 0.25) positively influenced the detection probability, whereas elevation (β = -0.3 ± 0.22) and slope (β = -1.13 ± 1.21) had negative effects. No significant difference in the occupancy probability of barking deer was found between different protected areas and non-protected areas in the landscape (Kruskal-Wallis = 0.171, p > 0.05). The study estimated a total abundance of 169.23 ± 20.77 individuals with a density of 0.33 individuals per square kilometre in the central Himalayan landscape. This study serves as a pioneering effort and provides a foundation for future investigations into the occupancy and density estimate of barking deer in the central Himalayas.
Recent Advances of Optical Biosensors in Veterinary Medicine: Moving
Towards the Point of Care Applications
Authors: Amin Niloufar , Almasi Ameneh , Ozer Tugba , Henry Charles S. , Hosseinzadeh Leila , Keshavarzi Zahra 
Published: July 2023

Abstract:
While food safety issues are attracting public concern due to their detrimental effects on
human health, monitoring livestock health is urgently needed to diagnose animal diseases at an early
stage by applying proper treatments, controlling, and preventing outbreaks, particularly in resource-
limited countries. In addition, unhealthy farms are not only a threat to livestock but also to
human lives. The available diagnostic techniques for the detection of key health threats within both
the food and livestock sectors require labor-intensive and time-consuming experimental procedures
and sophisticated and expensive instruments. To tackle this issue, optical biosensing strategies
have been incorporated into point-of-care (POC) systems, offering real-time monitoring, field-deployable,
and low-cost devices, which help make on-the-spot decisions.

:
This review aims to discuss the recent cutting-edge research on POC optical biosensing platforms
for on-farm diagnosis of animal diseases and on-site detection of animal-derived food-borne contaminants,
including pathogens, antibiotics, and mycotoxins. Moreover, this review briefly presents
the basic knowledge of various types of optical biosensors and their development using various recent
strategies, including nanomaterial combinations, to enhance their performance in POC tests.

:
This review is expected to help scientists to understand the evolution and challenges in the development
of point-of-care biosensors for the food and livestock industry, benefiting global healthcare.
The Relationship of Astrocytes and Microglia with Different Stages of
Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Liang Zhen , Lou Yingyue , Hao Yulei , Li Hui , Feng Jiachun , Liu Songyan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract:
Ischemic stroke is the predominant cause of severe morbidity and mortality worldwide.
Post-stroke neuroinflammation has recently received increasing attention with the aim of providing a
new effective treatment strategy for ischemic stroke. Microglia and astrocytes are major components
of the innate immune system of the central nervous system. They can be involved in all phases of ischemic
stroke, from the early stage, contributing to the first wave of neuronal cell death, to the late
stage involving phagocytosis and repair. In the early stage of ischemic stroke, a vicious cycle exists
between the activation of microglia and astrocytes (through astrocytic connexin 43 hemichannels), aggravating
neuroinflammatory injury post-stroke. However, in the late stage of ischemic stroke, repeatedly
activated microglia can induce the formation of glial scars by triggering reactive astrogliosis in
the peri-infarct regions, which may limit the movement of activated microglia in reverse and restrict
the diffusion of inflammation to healthy brain tissues, alleviating the neuroinflammatory injury poststroke.
In this review, we elucidated the various roles of astrocytes and microglia and summarized
their relationship with neuroinflammation. We also examined how astrocytes and microglia influence
each other at different stages of ischemic stroke. Several potential therapeutic approaches targeting astrocytes
and microglia in ischemic stroke have been reviewed. Understanding the details of astrocytemicroglia
interaction processes will contribute to a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying
ischemic stroke, contributing to the identification of new therapeutic interventions.
Role of Indian Medicinal Plants for Immunity Booster Against
SARS-CoV-2 Infection: An Updated Review
Authors: Verma Kavita , Mishra Yoganchal , Kapoor Neha , Yadav Neelam 
Published: July 2023

Abstract:
The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) came to be an epidemic that has occurred at the
expense of the health of people. This disease reveals it can be lethal. Aged people and people with
other medical occurrences may be more susceptible and become remarkably ill. The existing pandemic situation mandates scientific vigilance, hence we exploration to medicinal plants like Curcuma longa, Azadirachta indica, Ocimum sanctum, Tinospora cordifolia, Triphala, Phyllanthus emblica, Aloe barbadensis, Syzygium aromaticum, Cinnamomum verum, Allium cepa, Zingiber officinale, Piper nigrum, Allium sativum. The holistic Indian therapeutic system prescription is acknowledged as “Ayurveda”. Natural herbal remedies show more effectiveness which is moving towards
the present day with the help of traditional medicine. The factual of the Immunity booster is to determine components of natural lineage have an antiviral outcome. This booster helps to prevent
humans from infection caused by SARS-CoV-2. The molecular docking technique is used to disclose the interaction between molecules which is already researched, and the protein. In conclusion,
the identified natural compounds from medicinal plants act as an herbal booster for increasing immunity in contradiction to SARS-CoV-2 contagion in patients.