bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multilayered Nanocarriers as a New Strategy for Delivering Drugs with Protective and Anti-inflammatory Potential: Studies in Hippocampal Organotypic Cultures Subjected to Experimental Ischemia
Authors: Kamińska Kinga , Grygier Beata , Regulska Magdalena , Procner Magdalena , Leśkiewicz Monika , Szczęch Marta , Yang Juan , Bouzga Aud , Warszyński Piotr , Lasoń Władysław , Szczepanowicz Krzysztof , Basta-Kaim Agnieszka 
Published: January 2025

AbstractOxidative stress and neuroinflammation play a pivotal role in pathomechanisms of brain ischemia. Our research aimed to formulate a nanotheranostic system for delivering carnosic acid as a neuroprotective agent with anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory properties to ischemic brain tissue, mimicked by organotypic hippocampal cultures (OHCs) exposed to oxygen–glucose deprivation (OGD). In the first part of this study, the nanocarriers were formulated by encapsulating two types of nanocores (nanoemulsion (AOT) and polymeric (PCL)) containing CA into multilayer shells using the sequential adsorption of charged nanoobjects method. The newly designed nanoparticles possessed favorable physicochemical characteristics as reflected by zeta potential and other parameters. Next, we demonstrated that the newly designed gadolinium-containing nanoparticles were not toxic to OHCs and did not affect the detrimental effects of OGD on the viability of the hippocampal cells. Importantly, they readily crossed the artificial blood–brain barrier based on the human cerebral microvascular endothelial (hCMEC/D3) cell line. Furthermore, the PCL-Gd carnosic acid–loaded nanoparticles displayed anti-inflammatory potential, expressed as decreased OGD-induced HIF-1α and IL-1β levels. Results of the molecular study revealed a complex mechanism of the nanoformulation on ischemia-related neuroinflammation in OHCs, including anti-inflammatory protein A20 stimulation and moderate attenuation of the NFκB signaling pathway. Summing up, this study points to acceptable biocompatibility of the newly designed CA-containing theranostic nanoformulation and emphasizes their interaction with inflammatory processes commonly associated with the ischemic brain.
Graphical Abstract
Primary Care Considerations for Youth Martial Arts Athletes
Authors: de Borja Celina , Ocampo Raechelle , Teal Ameera 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Purpose of Review
This review aims to analyze the impact of martial arts on youth, addressing the physical and psychosocial benefits, as well as the injury risks associated with increased participation.

Recent Findings
Data from the National Federation of State High School Associations indicates a notable increase in youth participation in martial arts, with a rise of over 13,000 participants from 2018 to 2022. In addition to physical benefits, recent studies highlight that martial arts can significantly enhance mindfulness, reduce stress, and improve self-control, thus diminishing bullying behaviors in school-aged children. Additionally, the therapeutic application of martial arts techniques has been effective in managing pain in children with chronic diseases and in alleviating emotional distress in their siblings. However, the popularity of the sport brings concerns over a spectrum of injuries, especially more severe cases in competitive settings.

Summary
Martial arts provide a dynamic platform for fostering robust physical health and psychological resilience among youth. While the benefits are substantial, they are accompanied by risks that require careful management through informed practices and supervision. This review underscores the importance of understanding the dual nature of martial arts — its capacity to empower and its potential to harm — to maximize its benefits and safeguard young athletes.
Newly Arrived Women’s Educational and Professional Choices
Authors: Asghari Hamid 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis study focuses on the stories of four newly arrived women and their choices of vocational education and profession. The study highlights the women’s life courses and addresses how their vocational skills from their home countries can influence their choices of vocational education and profession, and how these skills are utilised in Sweden. The study also examines the cultural, social, economic, and symbolic capital that emerges from the women’s stories. Pierre Bourdieu’s theory of capital is used to explain the women’s choices of vocational education and profession, suggesting a connection between the capital that women carry with them and their private and vocational experiences throughout their lives.The result shows that the women’s choices of vocational education and profession are related to their previous life experiences and adapted to the efforts of the Swedish state to shorten the path to employment for adult immigrants through Yrkesvux, a combined education programme. Additionally, the women’s vocational skills from their home countries are mostly used through their own business activities in Sweden.Newly arrived women’s vocational skills are changing the existing history of women’s skills and adding tasks that traditionally have not existed in Sweden, for example carpet tying, facial threading, and oriental cooking and baking. These skills must be cared for by the Swedish education system, which is constructed and reconstructed in step with technological development and social change. Caring for new professional skills can, for example, be to create conditions for young people to learn and develop these skills for the benefit of society.
Metastatic pancreatic cancer now in remission: a case report and literature review
Authors: Shi Charles W. , VanderMeer Thomas J. , Pudusseri Anita 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPancreatic cancer is a highly aggressive malignancy with the majority of patients presenting at a late stage with unresectable or metastatic disease. Even with first line treatment, median survival is approximately 11 months in patients with advanced PDAC. This report details the unique case of a patient that presented with peritoneal metastases from an adenocarcinoma of the body of the pancreas, had a remarkable response to palliative chemotherapy and is alive without evidence of disease 12 months following cessation of all active treatment. The initial diagnosis was 4 years ago and extensive resection of the primary was completed 2 years ago. The patient was started on standard FOLFIRINOX chemotherapy regimen, completed 6 cycles, but stopped Oxaliplatin and Irinotecan due to neuropathy and fatigue, on November 5, 2020, and transitioned to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and leucovorin. There was radiographic response and a notable decrease in tumor marker CA 19-9. On July 12, 2022 he underwent a multivisceral resection that included a radical anterograde modular pancreatico-splenectomy, partial gastrectomy, and splenic flexure colectomy with primary anastomosis due to tumor involvement of the posterior stomach and splenic flexure. Surgical pathology noted a moderately differentiated, grade 2 tumor staged ypT2 N0 M0. He continued the same adjuvant regimen of 5-FU and leucovorin for approximately 9 months with no new or recurrent disease on imaging. His CA 19-9 decreased within normal range after surgery and has remained within the normal limits. He remains on active surveillance. Overall, barring clear availability for targeted therapies, a metastatic PDAC of the tail may be considered to have a better prognosis than previously considered. FOLFIRINOX is the ideal treatment if the patient has a high-performance status, and PRODIGE 35 recommends 8 minimum cycles. However, in our case, the patient only tolerated 6 cycles and was still highly responsive. Despite a stage IV diagnosis, the primary tumor was resected in order to mitigate the risk for mutation and progression. Although rare, greater hope for patients with PDAC of the tail with favorable tumor biology responsive to FOLFIRINOX may contribute to increased surgical resection rates and improve survival rates.
Optimization and statistical modelling of electrochemical removal of oxytetracycline from aqueous solutions
Authors: Osman H. , Uğurlu M. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIn this study, the removal efficiency of OTC antibiotics from pharmaceutical wastewater streams was evaluated by electrooxidation (EO) and electrocatalytic oxidation (ECO) methods under different parameters. In catalytic studies, activated carbon supported TiO2/AC catalyst was successfully synthesized for OTC removal by sol–gel method. These catalysts were characterized by various analytical methods such as XRD, TEM, SEM, DSC and BET. The intermediate products formed in the electrochemical degradation of the OTC antibiotic were determined by high-resolution mass spectrometry analysis. UV/Vis spectrophotometry and cyclic voltammetry analyses were also performed to determine the concentration and electrochemical properties of the electroactive components present in the solution. In the experimental set design, the optimum conditions for EO studies were determined as 15 V voltage, 0.5 g/L salt amount, 7 pH value, 36 mg/L initial concentration and 45 min contact time, while for ECO experiments, these conditions were 10 V voltage, 0.25 g/L catalyst amount, 7 pH value, 30 mg/L initial concentration and 30 min contact time. According to the results of EO and ECO experiments, 79% and 86% removal efficiency was achieved on the simulated OTC effluent, respectively. The results show that TiO2/AC catalysts contribute to more efficient degradation of OTC molecules by accelerating electrochemical reactions and offer a potential solution for the removal of such pollutants. It was also found that an experimental design based on the CCD-RSM optimization model could be an important consideration for better understanding, optimizing and increasing the efficiency of the catalytic process.
Graphic abstract
Lenacapavir for HIV PrEP: Narrative Review of Clinical Trials and Implications for Patient Access
Authors: Goswami Swarnali , Veeramachaneni Sai , Masurkar Prajakta P. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Purpose of Review
By the end of 2023, approximately 39.9 million people worldwide were living with HIV, including 1.2 million in the United States. Although treatment advancements have improved health outcomes, HIV continues to pose significant challenges, particularly among key populations like men who have sex with men (MSM), transgender women, and cisgender women. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) has emerged as an effective strategy to lower the risk of HIV transmission, but daily oral regimens often face adherence difficulties. This narrative review aims to summarize the effectiveness and safety of Lenacapavir, the latest long-acting injectable PrEP currently under clinical trials.

Recent Findings
Lenacapavir, a novel long-acting injectable PrEP with bi-annual dosing, offers significant advantages in terms of adherence and privacy, potentially reducing the stigma associated with daily medication. This review summarizes the effectiveness in preventing HIV, safety profile and the strategies being explored to overcome barriers to access. Compared to traditional daily oral PrEP options, lenacapavir has shown remarkable efficacy in recent clinical trials, including two different Phase 3 studies where it achieved a 100% prevention rate in cisgender women and a 96% prevention rate in cisgender men who have sex with men, transgender men, transgender women and gender non-binary individuals.

Summary
Lenacapavir holds promise as a transformative option in HIV prevention. However, continued research and development of strategies to improve access are essential to meet public health objectives and ultimately end the HIV epidemic by 2030.
Identifying the Intents Behind Website Visits by Employing Unsupervised Machine Learning Models
Authors: Soobramoney Judah , Chifurira Retius , Zewotir Temesgen , Chinhamu Knowledge 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
With digitisation globally on the rise, corporates are compelled to better understand the usage of their websites. In doing so, corporates will be empowered to better understand consumers, and make necessary adjustments to ultimately improve the corporate’s stance in the competitive global landscape of this modern age. However, the online website visit data has proven to be highly complex, big in data volume, and highly transactional with users expressing unique behaviours. Thus, extracting insight can be a complex problem to solve. This study aimed to employ unsupervised machine learning models to identify the intentions behind the visits on the observed website. The data studied was sourced from the Google Analytics tracking tool that was deployed on a corporate informative website. The study employed a k-means, hierarchical and dbscan unsupervised machine learning models to understand the intents behind visitors on the studied website. All three models detected five major intents that were expressed within the observed data. The intents identified were labelled as “accidentals”, “drop-offs”, “engrossed”, “get-in-touch” and “seekers”. On the observed data, all three unsupervised machine learning methods have performed well. However, in the context of the study, which investigated the intents that drove online visits, the hierarchical clustering method yielded superior results by maintaining the best balance between cluster homogeneity (stronger silhouette coefficients) and cluster size.
A System Dynamics Simulating Model of Groundwater Level Changes and Its Impacts on Land Uplift
Authors: Mohammadi Mir ahmad 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The global effort to transition from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources results in the closure of surface and underground coal mines, subsequently affecting the environment, society, and the economy. Land uplift is one of the challenges since the coal mine closure in Germany. Using computational modeling and simulation helps understand the long-term land uplift behavior related to variables’ complexity and dynamic interactions of groundwater level changes. This study proposes a system dynamics (SD) model to study the complexity of variables and consider the upstream groundwater impacts on land uplift in abandoned mines in the Ruhr district in Germany. The proposed model utilized causal loop diagrams (CLD) and stock flow diagrams (SFD) to provide a conceptual and simulation framework. The individual and combined effects of increasing rainfall, groundwater level, effective stress, porosity, porewater pressure, total stress, etc., on land uplift are studied. The model was evaluated by analyzing different scenarios based on stochastic and random variables in the Eastern Ruhr region of Germany. The scenario result showed that with a 10% increase in groundwater level, the land uplift increased by about + 6%, and a rise of 200% in total stress caused an 18% increase in effective stress, which decreased the land uplift by about 20%. Additionally, decreasing porosity leads to reduced land uplift. The land uplift trend was very high in the first 15 years after mine closure. Some scenarios are considered to delay and decrease the land uplift in the long-term.
A novel DEA-Tobit-SD assessment framework and application of provincial-level carbon emission embracing regional heterogeneity
Authors: Shi Pingyuan , Zhang Yingxin , Meng Yan , Xu Xinge , Hao Junhong , Hong Feng 
Published: January 2025

AbstractFormulating tailored emission reduction policies for each Chinese province is crucial due to regional differences in carbon emission evolution patterns. This paper proposes a novel and comprehensive research framework that integrates data envelopment analysis (DEA), Tobit regression, and system dynamics (SD) model to analyze the influence factors and evaluate provincial emission reduction policies while considering regional differences. The DEA method assesses each province's development resource allocation and carbon emission efficiency. Based on the DEA results, each provinces’ key emission influencing factors can be derived combining with Tobit regression and sensitivity analysis of SD. Policies are then selected based on these factors to gauge their effectiveness. SD method is used to simulate carbon emissions under different policy scenarios in the future. The analysis results present obvious differences in resource allocation and regional characteristics among provinces. Qinghai's emission reduction potential has been preliminarily explored as an example. Energy structure, industry structure, energy intensity, forest coverage, and R&D input intensity are its main influencing factors for carbon emission. The forest carbon sink plays a significant role. The emission reduction of the integrated scenario is not a linear sum of all other scenarios. To ensure the completion of the neutralization goal, further adjustments to the long-term policy and extra measures are needed.
Précis of John McDowell on Worldly Subjectivity
Authors: Cheng Tony 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis is a précis of my recent monograph John McDowell on Worldly Subjectivity: Oxford Kantianism Meets Phenomenology and Cognitive Sciences. I first describe the key question the book is trying to answer via understanding McDowell’s thinking and the general outline of it. The key question is a Kantian how-possible question, and the outline includes the distinction between first and second nature, the contrast between Cogito and Homo sapience, and how a minded human animal can be a perceiver, knower, thinker, speaker, agent, person, and conceptual cum self-conscious being in the world. I then focus on two key notions of the subtitles—phenomenology and cognitive sciences—and explain how they figure in the text. After that, a chapter-by-chapter summary is provided, albeit selectively. This introductory piece ends with a prediction that McDowell’s works will still be widely discussed in the reasonable distant future.
Ecosystem assessment of semi-natural tidal flat in the Yangtze estuary by pressure-state-response model and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method
Authors: Li Song , Chen Min , Ding Ling , Zhang Mengsheng , Wei Wei , Luo Beijing 
Published: January 2025

AbstractWith the development of hydraulic engineering such as harbor, channel and reclamation, more and more natural tidal flat turn into the semi-natural tidal flat (SNTF). How to evaluate ecosystem of semi-natural tidal flat is a scientific problem that has not been fully solved. The study tries to assess ecosystem health change of SNTF adjoining Hengsha East Shoal training dike in the Yangtze estuary. The study found SNTF area > 0m isobaths increased from 30.33 km2 in 2010–2014 to 46.66 km2 in 2014–2017 and to 56.84 km2 in 2017–2020, and the Hengsha Shoal region.0m, -2m and -5m isobaths increased from 174.78 km2, 303.82 km2, and 556.77 km2 in 2010–2014 to 233.34 km2, 365.59 km2, and 596.83 km2 in 2014–2017 and to 243.81 km2, 363.27 km2 and 567.45 km2 in 2017–2020. Using database of 3 pressure indicators, 16 state indicators and 3 response indicators, the study combined pressure-state-response (PSR) model and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation (FCE), constructed a systematic evaluation method of ecosystem health of semi-natural tidal flat. The evaluation result found the ecosystem health of SNTF of Hengsha East Shoal was rated as "Fair" level during 2010–2020, and the summation of comprehensive evaluation index (CEI) increased from 0.4009 in 2010–2014 to 0.4703 in 2014–2017 due to the rapid expansion of tidal flat vegetation, and then decreased to 0.4450 in 2017–2020 due to a reduction in vegetation area caused by erosion. The area of salt marsh vegetation plays an important role in the health of wetland ecosystems. The Hengsha East Shoal ecosystem is undergoing a quickly dynamic evolution processes, long-term series monitoring and further research for this area are necessary to guide its future development according to the tidal flat utilization patterns.
Paper in the Age of the Digital: The Curious Case of 65-B Certificates in India
Authors: Goel Shikhar 
Published: January 2025

AbstractLaw enforcement institutions in India are undergoing fundamental media technological transformations, integrating digital media technologies into crime investigation, documentation, and presentation methods. This article seeks to understand these transformations by examining the curious case of 65-B certificates, a mandatory paper document that gatekeeps and governs the life of new media objects as evidence in the Indian legal system. In exploring the tensions that arise when bureaucratic institutions change their means of information production, the article reflects on the continued stubborn presence of paper at this transformative juncture in the life of legal institutions. By studying the role of paper in bureaucratic practices, analyzing jurisprudential debates and case law surrounding 65-B certificates, and thinking through some scattered ethnographic encounters around these certificates involving police officers, forensic scientists, and practicing lawyers, this article argues that despite ongoing digital transformations, law essentially remains a technology of paper.
Birds of a feather? Mis- and dis-information on the social media platform X related to avian influenza
Authors: Cooper Lauren N. , Diaz Marlon I. , Hanna John J. , Most Zachary M. , Lehmann Christoph U. , Medford Richard J. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objective:
Social media has become an important tool in monitoring infectious disease outbreaks such as coronavirus disease 2019 and highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI). Influenced by the recent announcement of a possible human death from H5N2 avian influenza, we analyzed tweets collected from X (formerly Twitter) to describe the messaging regarding the HPAI outbreak, including mis- and dis-information, concerns, and health education.

Methods:
We collected tweets involving keywords relating to HPAI for 5 days (June 04 to June 08, 2024). Using topic modeling, emotion, sentiment, and user demographic analyses, we were able to describe the population and the HPAI-related topics that users discussed.

Results:
With an original pool of 14,796 tweets, we analyzed a final data set of 13,319 tweets from 10,421 unique X users, with 50.4% of the tweets exhibiting negative sentiments (< 0 on a scale of −4 to +4). Predominant emotions were anger and fear shown in 36.4% and 29.5% of tweets, respectively. We identified 5 distinct, descriptive topics within the tweets. The use of emotionally charged language and spread of misinformation were substantial.

Conclusions:
Mis- and dis-information about the causes of and ways to prevent HPAI infections were common. A large portion of the tweets contained references to a planned epidemic or “plandemic” to influence the upcoming 2024 US presidential election. These tweets were countered by a limited number of tweets discussing infection locations, case reports, and preventive measures. Our study can be used by public health officials and clinicians to influence the discourse on current and future outbreaks.