bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differential adaptive RNA editing signals between insects and plants revealed by a new measurement termed haplotype diversity
Authors: Duan Yuange , Xu Ye , Song Fan , Tian Li , Cai Wanzhi , Li Hu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundC-to-U RNA editing in plants is believed to confer its evolutionary adaptiveness by reversing unfavorable DNA mutations. This “restorative hypothesis” has not yet been tested genome-wide. In contrast, A-to-I RNA editing in insects likeDrosophilaand honeybee is already known to benefit the host by increasing proteomic diversity in a spatial-temporal manner (namely “diversifying hypothesis”).MethodsWe profiled the RNA editomes of multiple tissues ofArabidopsis thaliana,Drosophila melanogaster, andApis melifera. We unprecedentedly defined the haplotype diversity (HD) of RNA molecules based on nonsynonymous editing events (recoding sites).ResultsSignals of adaptation is confirmed inArabidopsisby observing higher frequencies and levels at nonsynonymous editing sites over synonymous sites. Compared to A-to-I recoding sites inDrosophila, the C-to-U recoding sites inArabidopsisshow significantly lower HD, presumably due to the stronger linkage between C-to-U events.ConclusionsC-to-U RNA editing inArabidopsisis adaptive but it is not designed for diversifying the proteome like A-to-I editing inDrosophila. Instead, C-to-U recoding sites resemble DNA mutations. Our observation supports the restorative hypothesis of plant C-to-U editing which claims that editing is used for fixing unfavorable genomic sequences.
Texture features-based lightweight passive multi-state crowd counting algorithm
Authors: Tian Yong , Li Ying , Li Jiaxin , Gao Fangting , Zhuang Chuanzhen , Ding Xuejun 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPassive crowd counting using channel state information (CSI) is a promising technology for applications in fields such as smart cities and commerce. However, the most existing algorithms can only recognize the total number of people in the monitoring area and cannot simultaneously recognize the number and states of people and ignore the real-time performance of the algorithms. Therefore, they cannot be applied to the scenarios of multi-state crowd counting requiring high real-time performance. To address this issue, a lightweight passive multi-state crowd counting algorithm called TF-LPMCC is proposed. This algorithm constructs CSI amplitude data into amplitude and time–frequency images, extracts texture features using the gray-level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) and gray-level difference statistic (GLDS) methods, and uses the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) algorithm to count the crowd in multi-states. Experiments show that the TF-LPMCC algorithm not only has low time complexity but also achieves an average recognition accuracy of 98.27% for crowd counting.
Trade efficiency under FTA for Thailand’s agricultural exports: copula-based gravity stochastic frontier model
Authors: Romyen Arisara , Nunti Chonrada , Neranon Paramin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study investigated the trade efficiency and trade effects under Free Trade Agreements for Thailand’s agricultural exports. There are five main trading partners comprising China, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and India. The important agricultural commodities of rubber, cassava, fruits, vegetables, and herbs were assessed from 1998 to 2019. In a traditional stochastic frontier model the two error components of symmetric noise ($${\nu }_{j}$$

ν
j

) and a non-negative inefficiency ($${u}_{j}$$

u
j

) are assumed to be independent. This may result in invalid inferences due to misspecification. To address this obstacle, copula-based Gravity Stochastic Frontier Models (GSFM) using panel criteria were constructed to estimate trade efficiency. Empirically, the Student-t copula-based SFM minimizes both AIC and BIC. According to their mean TE, China (0.48) and Japan (0.48) had the highest export efficiencies followed by India (0.41), New Zealand (0.39), and Australia (0.33) in rank order. Hence, Thailand should pursue more FTA negotiations with the trading partners. Moreover, they should promote miscellaneous behind-the-border barriers to stimulate flows of goods to enhance the country’s trade efficiency substantially.
Racial discrimination is associated with binge-eating disorder in early adolescents: a cross-sectional analysis
Authors: Raney Julia H. , Al-Shoaibi Abubakr A. , Shao Iris Y. , Ganson Kyle T. , Testa Alexander , Jackson Dylan B. , He Jinbo , Glidden David V. , Nagata Jason M. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Racial and ethnic discrimination are known stressors and are associated with negative psychological and physical health outcomes. Previous studies have found relationships between racial/ethnic discrimination and binge-eating disorder (BED), though they have mainly focused on adult populations. The aim of this study was to determine associations between racial/ethnic discrimination and BED in a large, national cohort study of early adolescents. We further sought to explore associations between the racial/ethnic discrimination perpetrator (students, teachers, or other adults) and BED.

Methods
We analyzed cross-sectional data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study (N = 11,075, 2018–2020). Logistic regression analyses examined associations between self-reported experiences of racial or ethnic discrimination and binge-eating behaviors and diagnosis, adjusting for potential confounders. Racial/ethnic discrimination measures were assessed based on the Perceived Discrimination Scale, which measures experiences of discrimination based on race/ethnicity and frequency of ethnic discrimination by teachers, adults outside of school, and students. Binge-eating behaviors and diagnosis were based on the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (KSAD-5).

Results
In this racially diverse sample of adolescents (N = 11,075, age range 9–12 years), 4.7% of adolescents reported racial or ethnic discrimination and 1.1% met the criteria for BED. In the adjusted models, racial/ethnic discrimination was associated with 3 times higher odds of having BED (OR 3.31, CI 1.66–7.74). Further, experiences of ethnic discrimination by students and adults outside school were associated with significantly increased odds of BED diagnosis (OR 1.36, CI 1.10–1.68 and OR 1.42 CI 1.06–1.90, respectively)., Increased odds of binge eating behaviors were only significantly associated with ethnic discrimination perpetuated by students (OR 1.12, CI 1.02–1.23).

Conclusions
Children and adolescents who have experienced racial/ethnic discrimination, particularly when discrimination was perpetuated by other students, have higher odds of having binge-eating behaviors and diagnoses. Clinicians may consider screening for racial discrimination and providing anti-racist, trauma-informed care when evaluating and treating patients for BED.
Characteristics of healthy Japanese young adults with respect to recognition of facial expressions: a preliminary study
Authors: Hama Tomoko , Koeda Michihiko 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Emotional cognitive impairment is a core phenotype of the clinical symptoms of psychiatric disorders. The ability to measure emotional cognition is useful for assessing neurodegenerative conditions and treatment responses. However, certain factors such as culture, gender, and generation influence emotional recognition, and these differences require examination. We investigated the characteristics of healthy young Japanese adults with respect to facial expression recognition.

Methods
We generated 17 models of facial expressions for each of the six basic emotions (happiness, sadness, anger, fear, disgust, and surprise) at three levels of emotional intensity using the Facial Acting Coding System (FACS). Thirty healthy Japanese young adults evaluated the type of emotion and emotional intensity the models represented to them.

Results
Assessment accuracy for all emotions, except fear, exceeded 60% in approximately half of the videos. Most facial expressions of fear were rarely accurately recognized. Gender differences were observed with respect to both faces and participants, indicating that expressions on female faces were more recognizable than those on male faces, and female participants had more accurate perceptions of facial emotions than males.

Conclusion
The videos used may constitute a dataset, with the possible exception of those that represent fear. The subject’s ability to recognize the type and intensity of emotions was affected by the gender of the portrayed face and the evaluator’s gender. These gender differences must be considered when developing a scale of facial expression recognition.
Assessment of community park as social interaction place for rural communities: a case study of Peyi Community Bwari Abuja
Authors: Adedayo O. F. , Akingbohungbe D. O. , Ale A. T. , Abdullahi A. P. , Adegoke M. A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study is focused on the benefits of community park as a place of social interaction in Peyi community, Bwari Abuja. The study examined community parks and their environmental impact as it relates to social interaction. Community parks play a significant role in the society, they provide significant impact to their host communities by enhancing regional development. It boosts the economy, as well as the dynamics of social processes. A mix methods approach of qualitative and quantitative research was adopted for the study using questionnaire, interview guide and observation checklist. A sample size of 150 was considered, adopting the stratified random sampling technique. The result was analyzed using SPSS and the findings are presented in tables and charts. The findings of the study revealed there is a good interaction in Peyi Community Park between people from different social and cultural backgrounds hence the aim of social interaction in the community park was met but about 60% decry poor availability of basic amenities, inadequate spaces provided as well as lack of privacy and overall poor security Architecture in the park. The study concluded that it is necessary for Architects and other building professionals involved in community park designs to consider innovative ways of ensuring safety at night through the use of motion sensitive lighting systems and other passive measures, design consideration for end users and also design to accommodate anticipated population including provision of age appropriate facilities.
Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles in skin wound healing: roles, opportunities and challenges
Authors: Ding Jia-Yi , Chen Min-Jiang , Wu Ling-Feng , Shu Gao-Feng , Fang Shi-Ji , Li Zhao-Yu , Chu Xu-Ran , Li Xiao-Kun , Wang Zhou-Guang , Ji Jian-Song 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSkin wounds are characterized by injury to the skin due to trauma, tearing, cuts, or contusions. As such injuries are common to all human groups, they may at times represent a serious socioeconomic burden. Currently, increasing numbers of studies have focused on the role of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) in skin wound repair. As a cell-free therapy, MSC-derived EVs have shown significant application potential in the field of wound repair as a more stable and safer option than conventional cell therapy. Treatment based on MSC-derived EVs can significantly promote the repair of damaged substructures, including the regeneration of vessels, nerves, and hair follicles. In addition, MSC-derived EVs can inhibit scar formation by affecting angiogenesis-related and antifibrotic pathways in promoting macrophage polarization, wound angiogenesis, cell proliferation, and cell migration, and by inhibiting excessive extracellular matrix production. Additionally, these structures can serve as a scaffold for components used in wound repair, and they can be developed into bioengineered EVs to support trauma repair. Through the formulation of standardized culture, isolation, purification, and drug delivery strategies, exploration of the detailed mechanism of EVs will allow them to be used as clinical treatments for wound repair. In conclusion, MSC-derived EVs-based therapies have important application prospects in wound repair. Here we provide a comprehensive overview of their current status, application potential, and associated drawbacks.
Aesthetic preferences for prototypical movements in human actions
Authors: Chen Yi-Chia , Pollick Frank , Lu Hongjing 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA commonplace sight is seeing other people walk. Our visual system specializes in processing such actions. Notably, we are not only quick to recognize actions, but also quick to judge how elegantly (or not) people walk. What movements appear appealing, and why do we have such aesthetic experiences? Do aesthetic preferences for body movements arise simply from perceiving others’ positive emotions? To answer these questions, we showed observers different point-light walkers who expressed neutral, happy, angry, or sad emotions through their movements and measured the observers’ impressions of aesthetic appeal, emotion positivity, and naturalness of these movements. Three experiments were conducted. People showed consensus in aesthetic impressions even after controlling for emotion positivity, finding prototypical walks more aesthetically pleasing than atypical walks. This aesthetic prototype effect could be accounted for by a computational model in which walking actions are treated as a single category (as opposed to multiple emotion categories). The aesthetic impressions were affected both directly by the objective prototypicality of the movements, and indirectly through the mediation of perceived naturalness. These findings extend the boundary of category learning, and hint at possible functions for action aesthetics.
A familial missense ACTA2 variant p.Arg198Cys leading to Moyamoya-like arteriopathy with straight course of the intracranial arteries, aortic aneurysm and lethal aortic dissection
Authors: Focke Jan K. , Kraemer Markus 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Cerebral vasculopathies frequently lead to severe medical conditions such as stroke or intracranial hemorrhage and have a broad range of possible etiologies that require different therapeutic regimens. However, vasculopathies sometimes present with characteristic angiographic findings, that — if recognized — can guide a more specific diagnostic work-up. Certain ACTA2 variants are associated with a distinctive cerebrovascular phenotype characterized by an anomalously straight course of intracranial arteries, dilatation of proximal ICA and stenosis of distal ICA, in the absence of a compensatory basal collateral network found in Moyamoya disease. Until recently, this ACTA2 cerebral arteriopathy has been reported only in ACTA2 variants impairing Arg179.

Methods and materials
We report a familial case of a missense ACTA2 variant p.Arg198Cys with angiographic features of an ACTA2 cerebral arteriopathy. We analyzed the neuroimaging features of all four variant carrying family members and discussed the cerebrovascular abnormalities we found on the background of the current literature on ACTA2 arteriopathies.

Results
Neuroimaging of the variant carriers revealed angiographic abnormalities characteristic for ACTA2 cerebral arteriopathy such as stenoses of the terminal internal carotid artery, occlusion of the proximal middle cerebral artery and an anomalously straight course of the intracranial arteries. In our index patient catheter angiography showed a Moyamoya-like basal collateral network alongside with the above-mentioned features of an ACTA2 cerebral arteriopathy. The detected missense ACTA2 variant p.Arg198Cys was not known to be associated a cerebral arteriopathy, so far. One of the patients later died from aortic dissection — a common vascular complication of ACTA2 variants.

Conclusion
The familial case expands the phenotype of the detected ACTA2 variant p.Arg198Cys and hereby broadens the range of ACTA2 variants associated with a cerebral arteriopathy. Further, it emphasizes the importance of an interdisciplinary approach of vasculopathies.
Effects of body mass index on the immune response within the first days after major stroke in humans
Authors: Ruhnau Johanna , Heuer Christin , Witt Carl , Ceesay Sonya , Schulze Juliane , Gross Stefan , Waize Maria , Kromrey Marie-Luise , Kühn Jens-Peter , Langner Sönke , Grunwald Uwe , Bröker Barbara M. , Petersmann Astrid , Steveling Antje , Dressel Alexander , Vogelgesang Antje 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Immunological alterations associated with increased susceptibility to infection are an essential aspect of stroke pathophysiology. Several immunological functions of adipose tissue are altered by obesity and are accompanied by chronic immune activation. The purpose of this study was to examine immune function (monocytes, granulocytes, cytokines) as a function of body mass index (BMI: 1st group: 25; 2nd group: 25 BMI 30; 3rd group: 30) and changes in body weight post stroke.

Method
Fat status was assessed using standardized weight measurements on days 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 7 after ischemic stroke in a cohort of 40 stroke patients and 16 control patients. Liver fat and visceral fat were assessed by MRI on day 1 or 2 [I] and on day 5 or 7 [II]. Leukocyte subpopulations in peripheral blood, cytokines, chemokines, and adipokine concentrations in sera were quantified. In a second cohort (stroke and control group, n = 17), multiple regression analysis was used to identify correlations between BMI and monocyte and granulocyte subpopulations.

Results
Weight and fat loss occurred from the day of admission to day 1 after stroke without further reduction in the postischemic course. No significant changes in liver or visceral fat were observed between MRI I and MRI II. BMI was inversely associated with IL-6 levels, while proinflammatory cytokines such as eotaxin, IFN-β, IFN -γ and TNF-α were upregulated when BMI increased. The numbers of anti-inflammatory CD14+CD16+ monocytes and CD16+CD62L− granulocytes were reduced in patients with higher BMI values, while that of proinflammatory CD16dimCD62L+ granulocytes was increased.

Conclusion
A small weight loss in stroke patients was detectable. The data demonstrate a positive correlation between BMI and a proinflammatory poststroke immune response. This provides a potential link to how obesity may affect the clinical outcome of stroke patients.
Identifying barriers and facilitators along the hepatitis C care cascade to inform human-centered design of contextualized treatment protocols for vulnerable populations in Austin, Texas: a qualitative study
Authors: Desai Anmol , O’Neal Lauren , Reinis Kia , Brown Cristal , Stefanowicz Michael , Kuang Audrey , Agrawal Deepak , Bhavnani Darlene , Mercer Tim 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a leading cause of liver-related mortality and morbidity. Despite effective direct acting antivirals and a simplified treatment algorithm, limited access to HCV treatment in vulnerable populations, including people experiencing homelessness (PEH) and people who inject drugs (PWID), hinders global elimination. Adapting the evidence-based, simplified HCV treatment algorithm to the organizational and contextual realities of non-traditional clinic settings serving vulnerable populations can help overcome specific barriers to HCV care. The first phase of the Erase Hep C study aimed to identify barriers and facilitators specific to these vulnerable populations to design the site-specific, simplified treatment protocols.

Methods
Forty-two semi-structured qualitative interviews, guided by the Practical, Robust Implementation and Sustainability Model (PRISM) framework, were conducted with clinic staff, community-based organizations providing screening and linkage to care, and patients diagnosed with HCV, to identify contextual barriers and facilitators to treatment at a local community health center’s Health Care for the Homeless program in Austin, Texas. Audio-recorded interviews were systematically analyzed using thematic analysis informed by the PRISM framework and design thinking, to anchor barriers and facilitators along the HCV care cascade. Findings were fed into human-centered design workshops to co-design, with clinic staff, site-specific, simplified HCV treatment protocols.

Results
The specific needs of PEH and PWID patient populations informed barriers and facilitators of HCV care. Barriers included tracking patients who miss critical appointments or labs, medication access and adherence, and patient HCV knowledge. Clinical teams leveraged existing facilitators and incorporated solutions to barriers into clinic workflows to improve care coordination and medication access. Actionable solutions included augmenting existing staff roles, employing HCV care navigation throughout the cascade, and standardizing medication adherence counseling.

Conclusions
Clinic staff identified HCV care facilitators to leverage, and designed actionable solutions to address barriers, to incorporate into site-specific treatment protocols to improve patient HCV outcomes. Methods used to incorporate staff and patient experiential knowledge into the design of contextualized treatment protocols in non-traditional clinic settings could serve as a model for future implementation research. The next phase of the study is protocol implementation and patient enrollment into a single-arm trial to achieve HCV cure.
Experiences with distributed acoustic sensing using both straight and helically wound fibers in surface-deployed cables — A case history in Groningen, The Netherlands
Authors: Al Hasani Musab , Drijkoningen Guy 
Published: August 2023

Distributed acoustic sensing has been limited in its use for surface-seismic reflection measurements due to the fiber’s decreased broadside sensitivity when the fiber is deployed horizontally. Deploying the fiber in a helically wound fashion has the promise of being more sensitive to broadside waves (e.g., P-wave reflections) and less sensitive to surface waves than a straight fiber (SF). We examine such claims and compare the responses of SFs and helically wound fibers (HWFs) with different wrapping angles, using standard and engineered fibers. These fibers have been buried in a 2 m deep trench in a farmland in the province of Groningen in The Netherlands, where we performed an active-source survey. We observe in our field data that using HWF has a destructive effect on the surface-wave amplitudes. Our data confirms the effect of the wrapping angle on the polarity of the surface-wave arrival and the dampening effect of the helical winding, behaving in quite a predictable fashion. Apart from the effect of the wrapping angle, the different design choices, e.g., cable filling and material type, do not show a significant effect on the amplitude of the signals. As for P-wave reflections, we observe that engineered SF and HWF provide reflection images comparable with those obtained from simultaneously deployed geophones at the surface despite the SF’s decreased broadside sensitivity. A polarity reversal and an amplitude difference between the SF and HWFs are observed. Finally, we demonstrate that the combined use of SF and HWF proved to be useful because SF showed better sensitivity in the shallower part and HWF in the deeper part.