bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the efficacy of oxidized cellulose (surgicel) in reducing blood loss in suprapubic simple open prostatectomy: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Kazemi Reza , Gholipour Farshad , Salehi Hanieh , Sichani Mehrdad Mohammadi , Behnamfar Amir , Fathi Majid 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Simple open prostatectomy is still the treatment of choice for removing large prostates; however, peri-surgical bleeding accompanied by this technique has always been a challenge for urologist surgeons. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of surgicel on reducing bleeding in trans-vesical prostatectomy.

Materials and Methods:
The present double-blinded clinical trial included 54 patients with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH), divided into two groups of 27, and underwent trans-vesical prostatectomy. After removing the prostate, the prostate adenoma was weighed in the first group. Then, two surgicel were inserted into the prostate loge for prostate adenomas weighing 75 g or less. For larger prostates, another surgicel was inserted for each 25 g weight higher than the limit of 75 g. However, no Surgicel was inserted in the control group. Other steps of the procedure were the same in both groups. Moreover, hemoglobin and hematocrit levels were assessed in both groups; preoperation, intra-operative, 24 h, and 48 h postoperative. In addition, all the fluid used for bladder irrigation was collected, and its hemoglobin level was assessed.

Results:
According to our results, no intergroup difference in hemoglobin level changes, hematocrit changes, International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), postoperative hospital stay, and number of packed cells received. However, the postoperative blood loss in bladder lavage fluid was significantly higher in the control group (120.83 ± 46.66 g) as compared to the surgicel group (72.56 ± 32.53 g) (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
The present study concluded that using surgicel in trans-vesical prostatectomy could reduce postoperative bleeding without increasing the chance of postoperative complications.
miR-155 rs767649 T>A gene polymorphism is associated with downregulation of miR-155 expression, suppressor of cytokine signaling-1 overexpression, and low probability of metastatic tumor at the time of breast cancer diagnosis
Authors: Iranparast Sara , Tahmasebi-Birgani Maryam , Motamedfar Azim , Amari Afshin , Ghafourian Mehri 
Published: April 2023

Background:

MicroRNA-155 is a key player in inflammatory reactions, carcinogenesis, and tumor development. In this study, polymorphism of miRNA-155 rs767649 T>A and its gene and suppressor of cytokine signaling-1 (SOCS-1) expression were investigated in relation to cancer susceptibility and development in breast cancer (BC) patients.

Materials and Methods:
Polymorphism of miRNA-155 rs767649 T>A was evaluated between a population of 174 patients with BC and 129 controls using restriction fragment length polymorphism and the expression of miR-155 and SOCS-1 were examined in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) by real-time polymerase chain reaction.

Results:
TT genotype of miR-155 rs767649 T>A was associated with higher level of miR-155 in PBMCs of BC patients relative to AT and AA genotypes (21.76 ± 4.4, 4.046 ± 1.35, 2.56 ± 0.81, respectively; P < 0.001) and increased lymph node metastasis (r = 0.292, P = 0.001), not BC susceptibility (P = 0.402 and P = 0.535; respectively). TT genotype of miR-155 rs767649 T>A was associated with less gene expression of SOCS-1 in PBMCs of BC patients compared to AT and AA genotypes (1.173 ± 0.57, 0.92 ± 0.827, 5.512 ± 0.92, respectively; P = 0.003).

Conclusion:
This study demonstrated for the first time the association between the T allele of the rs767649 T>A polymorphism in the pre-MIR155 gene and higher expression of miR-155, lower expression of SOCS-1, and swift latent progression in newly diagnosed BC patients. Thus, miR-155 may play a critical role in BC pathogenesis.
Tympanometry and Endoscopic Diagnosis of Eustachian Tube Dysfunction in Patients with Chronic Rhinosinusitis
Authors: Wuraola Ololade Aderinola , Afolabi Abdulrahman Olushola , Ologe Foluwasayo Emmanuel 
Published: April 2023

Background:
This study assessed the eustachian tube (ET) function in adult patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) using tympanometry and nasal endoscope.

Materials and Methods:
This was a hospital-based cross-sectional study conducted for 9 months. All participants underwent endoscopic evaluation of the pharyngeal end of their ETs, and the middle ear function was assessed using tympanometry. Endoscopic findings were graded based on a validated mucosal inflammatory endoscopic grading scale. Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS version 24.

Results:
A total of 102 CRS patients and age- and sex-matched controls were recruited. Tympanograms suggestive of eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD) types B and C were found among 7.8% and 12.8% of the right and left ears of the CRS groups, respectively. Mucosal inflammatory endoscopic grade that is diagnostic of ETD Grades 3 and 4 was found among 24.5% and 38.2% of the right and left ET of CRS cases, respectively.

Conclusion:
CRS predisposes patients to anatomical and functional impairment of ET. The relationship between tympanometry and mucosal inflammatory endoscopic grading scale in detecting ETD among CRS patients showed a strong relationship. However, a combination of the two will improve the diagnosis of ETD by evaluating the ET function directly and indirectly.
Perceptions and Uptake of COVID-19 Vaccines amongst Undergraduate Students in a Tertiary Institution in Lagos State
Authors: Akinsunmade Opeyemi M. , Ogunyemi Adedoyin O. , Isikekpei Brenda C. , Maduafokwa Blossom A. , Otokpa Ejiro , Okerinde Samuel S. 
Published: April 2023

Background:
COVID-19 pandemic has ravaged the world, causing deaths in different countries. Fortunately, production of its vaccine has brought some tranquillity, and Nigeria was not left behind. This study aimed to determine the role of knowledge and perception towards the uptake of COVID-19 vaccine amidst undergraduate students of the University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.

Methods:
This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out amongst 170 students at the University of Lagos using a multi-stage sampling method. Self-administered questionnaires were used to collect information on demography, knowledge, perception, acceptance and uptake of COVID-19 vaccine. Data were analysed utilising SPSS Version 26. The level of significance was at P < 0.05.

Results:
Majority of respondents 125 (73.5%) had good knowledge of COVID-19 vaccine and 87 (51.2%) respondents attributed source of information to social media. Although many 99 (58.2%) respondents had positive perceptions of the vaccine, few 16 (9.4%) had taken the vaccine. Less than quarter 24 (22.1%) planned to receive COVID-19 vaccine while majority 120 (77.9%) had no plans to, cite safety concerns. There was a statistically significant association between age (P = 0.001), level of training (P = 0.034) and uptake of COVID-19 vaccine.

Conclusion and Recommendations:
The level of uptake of COVID-19 vaccine was poor amongst undergraduate students in tertiary institutions in Lagos. Age and level of training of respondents were factors associated with poor uptake. It is recommended that the section of university responsible for sharing of information amongst students organises risk communication activities targeted at specific areas about COVID-19 vaccine to improve vaccine uptake amongst students.
Knowledge and Perception of Medication Errors among Health Care Workers in Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital Zaria, Kaduna State, North-west Nigeria
Authors: Sufiyan Mu’awiyyah Babale , Abdulkareem Sarumi Babatunde , Joshua Istifanus Anekoson , Suleiman Auwal Garba , Umar Ahmad Ayuba , Amadu Lawal 
Published: April 2023

Introduction:
Medication errors (MEs) are important, often overlooked forms of medical error that are associated with morbidity and mortality in health care settings. Among health care workers, knowledge, attitude and perception may affect reporting of MEs.

Aim:
The aim of this study was to determine the level of knowledge and perception of MEs among health care workers in Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria.

Methodology:
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 138 health care workers selected randomly through a stratified sampling. Their responses were collected using pre-tested, self-administered questionnaires and analysed using the Statsitical Package for the Social Sciences. The numerical variables were summarised as means and standard deviations, whereas categorical variables were presented as frequencies and percentages. The Chi-square test was used to test for associations at P < 0.05.

Results:
All the respondents heard of MEs and up to 108 (78.3%) correctly defined them. While only 121 (87.7%) respondents had fair to good knowledge about MEs, all of them had good perception of them. Major types of MEs known by the respondents were knowledge-based errors (79.7%), rule-based errors (52.9%), action-based errors (67.4%) and memory-based errors (55.8%). The causes of MEs identified were communication problems (88.4%), poor organizational knowledge transfer (63.8%), heavy workload (80.4%) and not reading instructions carefully (63.0%). There was no statistically significant association between the level of knowledge on MEs and sociodemographic characteristics of the respondents.

Conclusion:
Knowledge and perceptions of MEs were good among our respondents. Adequate mechanism (s) should be put in place to encourage the reporting of MEs whenever they occur to promote patient safety and improve health outcomes.
Base matrices of various heights
Authors: Brendle Jörg 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA classical theorem of Balcar, Pelant, and Simon says that there is a base matrix of height
${\mathfrak h}$
, where
${\mathfrak h}$
is the distributivity number of
${\cal P} (\omega ) / {\mathrm {fin}}$
. We show that if the continuum
${\mathfrak c}$
is regular, then there is a base matrix of height
${\mathfrak c}$
, and that there are base matrices of any regular uncountable height
$\leq {\mathfrak c}$
in the Cohen and random models. This answers questions of Fischer, Koelbing, and Wohofsky.
Chute du prix du pétrole et perspective de l’économie Algérienne en 2022
Authors: Bourioune Tahar 
Published: April 2023

L’article propose de prévoir la structure de l’économie algérienne à l’horizon 2022, suite à la chute du prix mondial de pétrole de 2014 et sa poursuite inégalée en 2020 sous l’effet de COVID 19. La réalisation de cette étude s’est effectuée sur la base des données 1989 – 2018 au moyen du modèle SVARX. La structure de l’économie algérienne post-chute du prix du pétrole se distinguerait, selon nos résultats, par une récession économique. En 2022, le retour, peu probable, à la hausse du prix du pétrole, conjugué à la restriction des importations et par suite de la consommation, augurerait une accalmie de la récession sans plus.
The author proposes to forecast the structure of the Algerian economy by 2022 following the fall in the world price of oil in 2014 and its unequaled continuation in 2020 under the effect of COVID 19. The realization of this study is carried out on the basis of 1989 - 2018 data using the SVARX model. According to our results, the structure of the Algerian economy after the drop in oil prices is characterized by an economic recession. In 2022, the unlikely return to the rise in the price of oil, combined with the restriction of imports and consequently of consumption, would augur a lull in the recession and nothing more.
Les facteurs d’influence de la non-réussite des étudiants de la première annèe universitaire en Algérie le cas de l’Université de Jijel
Authors: Yeghni Sami 
Published: April 2023

L’objectif de l’étude est de comprendre les facteurs agissant sur la réussite des primo arrivants (étudiants de première année universitaire) à l’Université. L’originalité du travail est d’intégrer des explicatifs de la réussite des indicateurs de compétence et d’adaptabilité des étudiants de la première année.Notre étude vise à mettre en évidence un ensemble de caractéristiques individuelles, susceptibles d’avoir une influence sur la réussite de ces étudiants. Pour répondre à cet objectif nous avons utilisé le modèle de régression logistique multinomial. L’échantillon de l’étude a touché 2001 primo arrivants de l’année universitaire 2018/2019, inscrits à la faculté des sciences économiques, commerciales et sciences de gestion de l’université de Jijel. Une littérature a permis d’illustrer les propos et de vérifier l’hypothèse de base de cette étude. L’exploitation des données collectées auprès du service de scolarité de la faculté cible a été faite à partir de logiciels1 SPSS.21.0 Eviews 10.0 et Minitab18 ; elle vise à identifier certaines variables, pour expliquer les inégalités de réussite des primo arrivants à l’université.
The aim of the study is to understand the factors influencing the success of newcomers to university. The originality of the work is to include explanations of the success of the skills and adaptability indicators of the first year students.Our study aims to highlight a set of individual characteristics that may have an influence on the success of these students. To meet this objective, we used the multinomial logistic regression model. The study sample reached 2001 newcomers from the 2018/2019 academic year, enrolled in the Faculty of Economics, Business and Management Sciences at the University of Jijel. A literature made it possible to illustrate the remarks and to verify the basic hypothesis of this study. The use of data collected from the faculty's tuition service was carried out using SPSS.21.0 Eviews 10.0 and Minitab18 software, highlighted the significance of certain variables, for explain the inequalities in the success of newcomers to university.
Testing of weak form efficient market hypothesis: Evidence from the hat bourse (2010-2019)
Authors: Benthabet Saida , Benthabet Allal 
Published: April 2023

Investors need to have an idea about stock market before making investment whether the stock markets are efficient or not to take investment decision in stock market. For that reason, measurement of market efficiency of stock market bears significance to investors. Bearing it in mind, In this paper, we employ various tests to investigate the weak form of the efficient market hypothesis for Casablanca bourse over the period from January 2010 until December 2019, This is done by time series stability tests used to test the weak form efficiency and by using the MADX index that represents full stocks in the Casablanca Bourse. During the period of study. The results show that prices in the financial market follow the hypothesis of random walk, so, it is not possible to achieve extraordinary profits through the use of historical prices in order to predict future prices on the Casablanca bourse.
Les investisseurs doivent avoir une idée du marché boursier avant d'investir, que les marchés boursiers soient efficients ou non pour prendre une décision d'investissement en bourse. Pour cette raison, la mesure de l'efficience du marché boursier est importante pour les investisseurs. En gardant cela à l'esprit, dans cet article, nous utilisons divers tests pour étudier la forme faible de l'hypothèse de marché efficient pour les marchés boursiers de Casablanca sur la période allant de janvier 2010 à décembre 2019 Ceci est fait par des tests de stabilité de séries chronologiques utilisés pour tester la forme faible de l'efficience, et en utilisant l'indice MADX qui représente les valeurs pleines de la bourse de Casablanca. Pendant la période d'étude.Nous avons conclu que les prix sur le marché financier suivent l'hypothèse de la marche aléatoire, c'est-à-dire qu'il n'est pas possible de réaliser des profits extraordinaires grâce à l'utilisation de prix historiques afin de prédire les prix futurs à la Bourse de Casablanca.
Ethics and regulatory complexities posed by a pragmatic clinical trial: a case study from Lilongwe, Malawi
Authors: Mtande Tiwonge Kumwenda , Nair Gonasagrie , Rennie Stuart 
Published: April 2023

Background
Pragmatic clinical trials generally rely on real world data and have the potential to generate real world evidence. This approach arose from concerns that many trial results did not adequately inform real world practice. However, maintaining the real world setting during the conduct of a trial and ensuring adequate protection for research participants can be challenging. Best practices in research oversight for pragmatic clinical trials are nascent and underdeveloped, especially in developing countries.
Methods
We use the PRECIS-2 tool to present a case study from Lilongwe in Malawi to describe ethical and regulatory challenges encountered during the conduct of a pragmatic trial and suggest possible solutions.
Results
In this article, we highlight the following six issues: (1) one public facility hosting several pragmatic trials within the same period; (2) research participants refusing financial incentives; (3) inadequate infrastructure and high workload to conduct research; (4) silos among partner organisations involved in delivery of health care; (5) individuals influencing the implementation of revised national
guidelines; (6) difficulties with access to electronic medical records.
Conclusion
Multiple stakeholder engagement is critical to the conduct of pragmatic trials, and even with careful stakeholder engagement, continuous monitoring by gatekeepers is essential. In the Malawian context, active engagement of the district research committees can complement the work of the research ethics committees (RECs).
A Cross-sectional study on the Prevalence, Behavioural and Environmental Risk Factors of Malaria Transmission in Two Senatorial Districts of Cross River State, Nigeria
Authors: Nku H.C. , Imalele E.E. , Usang A.U. , Bassey D.A. , Alaribe A.A.A. 
Published: April 2023

There is a dearth of information on the behavioural and environmental risk factors enhancing malaria transmission in the Cross River State. This study, therefore, investigated the prevalence of malaria and the behavioural and environmental risk factors enhancing malaria parasite transmission in four Local Government Areas in Cross River State, Nigeria. The study employed a cross-sectional design involving 400 participants aged 5-60 years and was conducted between August and November 2021. Thick and thin blood films prepared were examined using microscopy at ×10 magnification. A standard questionnaire was also used to collect data on socio-demographic and environmental factors. The overall prevalence of malaria infection recorded in the study is 18.2% (73/400). All malaria infections were observed to be caused by Plasmodium falciparum. The prevalence of malaria infection was higher in the age group 11-20 years (22.2%) (P<0.001). According to gender, males (23.3%) were more infected with malaria than females (12.9%) (P=0.007). An overall mean (±S.D) parasite density and parasites count of 250.00±18.80 and 15.60±1.20 parasite/μLof blood, respectively, was recorded in the study. In Calabar South Local Government Area (LGA), there was a negative correlation between the use of bed nets and malaria infection (r= -0.226) (P=0.024). Mud houses, use of bed nets, and the availability of refuse dump around households were significantly (P<0.001) associated with the presence of mosquitoes. A negative correlation was observed in the relationship between the presence of mosquitoes and the use of insecticide in Calabar South LGA (r= -0.390) (P<0.001). There was a negative correlation between the use of bed nets and the presence of mosquitos in Calabar Municipal (r= -0.286) and Obudu (r= -0.286) LGAs (P=0.004). In conclusion, this study suggests that malaria management efforts should take an integrated strategy that includes good environmental sanitation.
Ginger or Black Pepper Supplements Attenuate Oxidative stress and Renal Damage in Metabolic Syndrome-induced Wistar Rats
Authors: Imam N.U. , Osibemhe M. , Nura L. , Ganiyu A.I. , Idoko A.S. 
Published: April 2023

There has been an increasing occurrence of cardio-metabolic risk factors globally due to increasing consumption of fructosesweetened foods and drinks that cause excessive generation of free radicals. This research investigated the inclusion of ginger and black pepper in the diet as an easy and affordable means of managing oxidative stress and kidney damage in metabolic syndrome-induced rats. Fifteen metabolic syndrome-induced rats were divided into three groups and fed on diets supplemented with 2 % inclusions of ginger or black pepper. Serum activities of antioxidant enzymes and some indices of renal functions were determined. Compared with the normal control, there were significantly (p<0.05) lower activities of all the studied antioxidant enzymes (Superoxide dismutase, Glutathione peroxidase, Catalase, and glutathione reductase) in the groups of metabolic syndrome induced-rats fed ginger or black pepper-supplemented diets which had significantly higher activities of these enzymes if compared with the group of metabolic syndrome- induced rats fed standard diets. The serum concentrations of malondialdehyde in all the groups of metabolic syndrome-induced rats fed the spices-supplemented diets did not significantly (p>0.05) differ from the concentration in the control group. The groups of metabolic-syndrome-induced rats fed ginger or black pepper-supplemented diets had significantly (p<0.05) higher concentrations of urea, uric acid, and creatinine in comparison with the normal control, but significantly (p<0.05) lower concentrations of these metabolites if compared with the metabolic syndrome-induced rats fed a standard diet. Similarly, the concentrations of serum electrolytes were significantly higher (p<0.05) in the groups of metabolic-syndrome-induced rats fed spices-supplemented diets compared with the normal control. From the findings, it is concluded that including ginger or black pepper in diets could be useful in managing oxidative stress and kidney dysfunction resulting from the consumption of metabolic syndrome-causing diets.
Survey of Bacterial Carriage by Musca domestica in Calabar Metropolis and Implication on Public Health
Authors: Mbah M. , Charity N.E. , Solomon C.C. 
Published: April 2023

This study was designed to isolate the bacteria carried by houseflies (Musa domestica), determine the most occurring bacteria associated with houseflies and assess the sanitary conditions of the different sampling locations in Calabar Metropolis. Samples were collected during September and October 2015. Perforated transparent plastic buckets and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles were used to collect houseflies from houses, food spots (restaurants) and drinking spots located in Bogobiri, Goldie and Hawkings in Calabar. The samples were subjected to standard bacteriological analysis to include cultures and biochemical identification. The results of the trap were 137 (51.1%) for the bucket trap and 131 (48.9%) for the Eva bottle trap. Bogobiri location had the highest number of houseflies 95 (35.4%) followed by Hawking 90 (33.6%) and lastly Goldie with 83 (30.9%). and yielded the following results: 13 (61.9%) of the sample had significant bacteria growth while 15 (71.4%) had insignificant bacteria growth. Among bacteria isolated, Coliforms bacteria 5 (23.8%), Salmonella spp. 5 (23.8%), S. aureus 4 (19%) and Bacillusspp. 2 (9.5%). Hawking had the highest number of bacteria isolated. The result of this survey has shown that the association of houseflies with street foods and drinks is a serious public health concern. Avoidance of houseflies in our foods and drinks and good refuse dump disposal should be promoted.