bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ADEQUACY OF COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY RESOURCES FOR TEACHING MATHEMATICS IN PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN NAKURU EAST SUB-COUNTY, KENYA
Authors: Kiprono Winnie Milka , Kobiah Lydia K 
Published: February 2023

The study assessed the adequacy of Computer Technology resources for teaching Mathematics in secondary schools in Nakuru Town sub-counties, Kenya. Research done in developed countries found that Computer Technology resources for teaching were very few in teaching Mathematics. Its use help students learn by giving abstract ideas a more perceptible form and is therefore significant for Mathematics subject which is poorly performed. Existing literature shows that Computer technology resources can enhance instruction if basic conditions, including the provision of computer resources, are met. The study aimed to assess the adequacy of computer technology resources for teaching mathematics. The study's objective was to assess the adequacy of Computer Technology resources for teaching mathematics. The design of the study included both quantitative and qualitative methods. The study population was 60 Mathematics teachers, 25 principals, and 1 County Quality Assurance and Standard Officer (CQASO).The sample size for the study comprised 10 Mathematics teachers, 10 Principals, and one CQASO. Questionnaires, Computer Technology Lesson Observational Tool (CTLOT), and Interview schedules were the main research instruments. The reliability of the questionnaire was established through the test-retest method and then accepted at Pearson value of 0.7 and above at alpha of 0.05 and was determined by piloting them in 2 schools forming part of the population. The reliability coefficient for (CTLOT) is 0.83. The findings showed that computer technology resources for teaching mathematics are inadequate. The study recommends the adequate provision of computer technology resources for teaching mathematics.
Barriers to access prehospital care in Jimma City, Oromiya Region of Ethiopia
Authors: Amme Shemsedin , Shemsi Sheka , Olani Adugna , Koshe Tura , Ahmed Abdulwahid , Ahmed Ismael , Takale Tolasa , Ahmed Gutema , Beshir Muktar , Jarso Habtamu , Suleman Sultan , Melkamu Gemechis , Yimam Ebrahim , Legese Shimelis , Lippi Matthew , Mould-Millman Nee-Kofi 
Published: February 2023

Background: African nations experience a significant proportion of the global burden of death and disability. The provision of prehospital emergency care has been shown to partially reduce excess morbidity and mortality. However, access to prehospital care in Africa is still limited. This study sought to identify barriers to access prehospital care in the city of Jimma, Ethiopia.
Methods: This is phenomenological qualitative study conducted in February 2018, among key stakeholders for prehospital care in Jimma. A purposive sample of individuals from the community and local ambulance organizations were selected for interviews. Interviews were conducted in local languages, translated into English, and then coded for consistent themes.
Results: All respondents felt that prehospital care was difficult to access and therefore infrequently utilized. This was due to a combination of a fragmented and under-resourced system, including lack of single dial number and limited number of ambulances; providers availability and practice; poor road infrastructure; and poor public awareness, misconception and mistrust of the existing service. Respondents suggested that establishment of a formalized system of prehospital care operating on a single dial toll-free number, improved resource allocation, awareness raising and capacity building in the community, improving road infrastructure, and improved emergency medical training would improve access.
Conclusion: Multiple barriers to accessing prehospital care were identified in Jimma. Establishing a formalized and well-resourced prehospital system in parallel with improving community capacity and knowledge building were suggested solutions to improve access. Hence, interventions to improve prehospital emergency care delivery should ideally target these identified barriers and proposed solutions.
Potential of Ecological Benefits for the Continuous Flow Intersection
Authors: Wu Na , Liu Yating 
Published: February 2023

Energy conservation and emission reduction from the transportation sector are of great significance in coping with the global energy and environmental crisis. As the bottleneck of urban road traffic, intersection burdens the urban environment greatly. When the volume of left-turn traffic is large, the continuous flow intersection (CFI) can effectively improve intersection operation efficiency. This paper first put forward the definition and application conditions of CFI. Then its mechanism for energy saving and emission reduction was analysed. CFI transformation was designed taking a typical intersection in Xi’an as an example. Operating efficiency, energy consumption and emissions of the intersection before and after CFI transformation were evaluated using the VISSIM model. The results show that energy consumption and emissions in the intersection are greatly reduced after CFI transformation. Queue length is reduced by more than 41%. Energy consumption and pollutant emission are reduced by about 8%. Through the simulation analysis, the emission reduction benefits most when the volume of left-turn traffic is 80%–85% of the design capacity, and the ratio of leftturntraffic over through traffic is maintained between 50% and 100%. This study suggests that CFI is suitable for large-scale promotion with careful examination.
Age-related change in mammographic breast density of women without history of breast cancer over a 10-year retrospective study
Authors: Ohmaru Aiko , Maeda Kazuhiro , Ono Hiroyuki , Kamimura Seiichiro , Iwasaki Kyoko , Mori Kazuhiro , Kai Michiaki 
Published: February 2023

Background
Women with higher breast density are at higher risk of developing breast cancer. Breast density is known to affect sensitivity to mammography and to decrease with age. However, the age change and associated factors involved are still unknown. This study aimed to investigate changes in breast density and the associated factors over a 10-year period.

Materials and Methods
The study included 221 women who had undergone eight or more mammograms for 10 years (2011–2020), were between 25 and 65 years of age, and had no abnormalities as of 2011. Breast density on mammographic images was classified into four categories: fatty, scattered, heterogeneously dense, and extremely dense. Breast density was determined using an image classification program with a Microsoft Lobe’s machine-learning model. The temporal changes in breast density over a 10-year period were classified into three categories: no change, decrease, and increase. An ordinal logistic analysis was performed with the three groups of temporal changes in breast density categories as the objective variable and the four items of breast density at the start, BMI, age, and changes in BMI as explanatory variables.

Results
As of 2011, the mean age of the 221 patients was 47 ± 7.3 years, and breast density category 3 scattered was the most common (67.0%). The 10-year change in breast density was 64.7% unchanged, 25.3% decreased, and 10% increased. BMI was increased by 64.7% of women. Breast density decreased in 76.6% of the category at the start: extremely dense breast density at the start was correlated with body mass index (BMI). The results of the ordinal logistic analysis indicated that contributing factors to breast density classification were higher breast density at the start (odds ratio = 0.044; 95% CI [0.025–0.076]), higher BMI at the start (odds ratio = 0.76; 95% CI [0.70–0.83]), increased BMI (odds ratio = 0.57; 95% CI [0.36–0.92]), and age in the 40s at the start (odds ratio = 0.49; 95% CI [0.24–0.99]). No statistically significant differences were found for medical history.

Conclusion
Breast density decreased in approximately 25% of women over a 10-year period. Women with decreased breast density tended to have higher breast density or higher BMI at the start. This effect was more pronounced among women in their 40s at the start. Women with these conditions may experience changes in breast density over time. The present study would be useful to consider effective screening mammography based on breast density.
The relationship between sleep duration and activities of daily living (ADL) disability in the Chinese oldest-old: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Wang Zhaoping , Ni Xiaolin , Gao Danni , Fang Sihang , Huang Xiuqing , Jiang Mingjun , Zhou Qi , Sun Liang , Zhu Xiaoquan , Su Huabin , Li Rongqiao , Huang Bin , Lv Yuan , Pang Guofang , Hu Caiyou , Yang Ze , Yuan Huiping 
Published: February 2023

Objective
To investigate the relationship between sleep duration and activities of daily living (ADL) disability, and to explore the optimal sleep duration among oldest-old Chinese individuals.

Methods
In this cross-sectional study, 1,798 participants (73.2% female) were recruited from Dongxing and Shanglin in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China in 2019. The restricted cubic spline function was used to assess the dose-response relationship between sleep duration and ADL disability, and the odds ratios (ORs) of the associations were estimated by logistic regression models.

Results
The overall prevalence of ADL disability was 63% (64% in females and 58% in males). The prevalence was 71% in the Han population (72% in females and 68% in males), 60% in the Zhuang population (62% in females and 54% in males) and 53% in other ethnic population (53% in females and 53% in males). A nonlinear relationship between sleep duration and ADL disability was observed. Sleep duration of 8-10 hours was associated with the lowest risk of ADL disability. Sleep duration (≥12 hours) was associated with the risk of ADL disability among the oldest-old individuals after adjusting for confounding factors (OR = 1.47, 95% CI [1.02, 2.10], p < 0.05).

Conclusion
Sleep duration more than 12 hours may be associated with an increased risk of ADL disability in the oldest-old individuals, and the optimal sleep duration among this population could be 8–10 h.
Prevalence and Pattern of Erectile Dysfunction among People Living with HIV/AIDS in a Tertiary Hospital in North-central Nigeria
Authors: Falade Oluseyi , Yemi Kofoworade Adedayo , Aderemi Ojedokun Samson , Amoko Ampitan , Moradeyo Alabi Kola , Okeibunor Odeigah Louis 
Published: February 2023

Background: The incidence of erectile dysfunction among men with HIV/AIDS is twice compared with the general population and this remains a major concern because of its negative impact on the quality of life of sufferers. While researchers have documented varying prevalence rates of ED among diverse population of men, there is paucity of data on this subject among PLWHA in Nigeria and most especially in the North central part of the country. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and pattern of erectile dysfunction as well as its association with certain socio-demographic factors among HIV/AIDS subjects attending a tertiary hospital in North-central Nigeria.
Methods: This was a hospital-based cross-sectional study conducted among 300 adult HIV-positive male patients. A semi-structured questionnaire was adapted to obtain information on socio-demographic data of the study subjects. The erectile dysfunction was assessed using the International Index for Erectile Function-5 which was interviewer-administered. The systematic sampling method was used to recruit study participants following informed consent. Data obtained were analyzed using SPSS version 21. Confidence interval of 95% was used and p-value of less than .05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: The prevalence of erectile dysfunction among the respondents was 57%; of which 64.9% of them had mild form and 2.9% had severe form. There was a significant association between higher prevalence of ED and low educational status of the study subjects (p-value=.01).
Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of erectile dysfunction among men living with HIV/AIDS in North-central Nigeria and those with lower educational qualifications are particularly vulnerable. We recommend routine screening at HIV clinics for early detection, management as well as timely referral.
Energy content of human milk administered to premature newborns / Conteúdo energético do leite humano administrado em recém nascidos prematuros
Authors: Viegas Cunha Izabela , Pereira Lima Cunha Mônica , Silveira Mariano Amanda , Corrêa Marques Rejane 
Published: February 2023

Objetivo: avaliar e comparar o conteúdo energético do leite humano cru e do leite humano processado de recém-nascidos pré-termo. Método: foram coletadas 68 amostras de leite por meio de ordenha manual e o processamento foi realizado no Banco de Leite Humano. O valor energético foi obtido por meio de cálculos matemáticos específicos. Resultados: foram analisadas 32 amostras de leite humano cru e 28 de leite humano pasteurizado. O percentual médio de creme foi de 3,84±1,3% e mediana de 4,5 % no leite pasteurizado, e no cru de 8,9±4,6% e 8,53%. A média e mediana do conteúdo energético do leite cru foi de 78,91±15,46 kcal/100 ml e 81,07 kcal/100 ml e no leite pasteurizado 65,18±9,67 kcal/ 100 ml e 61,8 kcal/100 ml. Conclusão: o leite humano cru possui percentual de gordura e conteúdo energético maior do que o pasteurizado, mas este ainda é recomendado devido seus benefícios protetores.
Introducing the Library of Guidance for Health Scientists (LIGHTS)
Authors: Hirt Julian , Schönenberger Christof Manuel , Ewald Hannah , Lawson Daeria O. , Papola Davide , Rohner Ramon , Suter Katja , Lin Shanshan , Germini Federico , Zeng Linan , Shahabinezhad Ali , Chowdhury Saifur Rahman , Gao Ya , Bhattacharjee Arunima , Lima João Pedro , Marusic Ana , Buljan Ivan , Agarwal Arnav , Guyatt Gordon H. , Briel Matthias , Schandelmaier Stefan 
Published: February 2023

ImportanceImproving methodological quality is a priority in the health research community. Finding appropriate methods guidance can be challenging due to heterogeneous terminology, poor indexing in medical databases, and variation in formats. The Library of Guidance for Health Scientists (LIGHTS) is a new searchable database for methods guidance articles.ObservationsJournal articles that aim to provide guidance for performing (including planning, design, conduct, analysis, and interpretation), reporting, and assessing the quality of health-related research involving humans or human populations (ie, excluding basic and animal research) are eligible for LIGHTS. A team of health researchers, information specialists, and methodologists continuously identifies and manually indexes eligible guidance documents. The search strategy includes focused searches of specific journals, specialized databases, and suggestions from researchers. A current limitation is that a keyword-based search of MEDLINE (and other general databases) and manual screening of records were not feasible because of the large number of hits (n = 915 523). As of September 20, 2022, LIGHTS included 1246 articles (336 reporting guidelines, 80 quality assessment tools, and 830 other methods guidance articles). The LIGHTS website provides a user-oriented search interface including filters for study type, specific methodological topic, research context, guidance type, and development process of the guidance. Automated matching of alternative methodological expressions (eg, enter loss to follow-up and find articles indexed with missing data) enhances search queries.Conclusions and RelevanceLIGHTS is a peer-supported initiative that is intended to increase access to and use of methods guidance relevant to health researchers, statisticians, methods consultants, methods developers, ethics boards, peer reviewers, journal editors, and funding bodies.
Self‐Fluorescent Reactive Oxygen Species‐Responsive Zinc(II)‐Quinoline Module Functionalized Polycations Hold Great Potentials in siRNA‐Mediated Gene Therapy
Authors: Liu Weijie , Li Jiaqi , Jiang Peng , Chen Zhaoming , Zhou Hao , Guo Tianying 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA novel quinoline‐based thioketal‐containing zinc (II) coordinative module (Zn‐QS) is designed to transform common low‐molecular‐weight (LMW) polyethyleneimine (PEI) into a high‐performance siRNA carrier (Zn‐PQ) with self‐fluorescence and reactive oxygen species (ROS)‐responsiveness. In the multifunctional module, a quinoline derivative, frequently serving as pharmacophore, is utilized as the highly biocompatible ligand, and the Zn (II) coordinative quinoline‐based ligand also provides the robust self‐fluorescence character. And the ROS‐responsive thioketal spacer is introduced to trigger the siRNA controlled release into cytoplasm. Consequently, by the synergistic effects between Zn‐QS and LMW PEI on improving several crucial transfection‐efficiency‐related steps, the representative Zn‐PQ4 exhibits very high transfection efficiency of 1.8 and 2.5‐folds commercial Lipo2k and PEI25k in stem cell rADSC, respectively, >90% of transfection rates in a variety of conventional cell lines (3T3, HK‐2, HepG2, 293T, HeLa, PANC‐1), and 98.4% and 99.9% EGFP knockdown rates in 293T and HepG2 cells, respectively. Furthermore, Zn‐PQ4/siRNA polyplexes can circumvent various obstacles existing in systemic application to accumulate in heart, liver, and kidney and greatly silence the DNA expression in vivo. This work demonstrates the promising application prospects of the resulting efficient siRNA carriers in siRNA‐mediated gene therapy and fluorescence‐guided research.
Liquid Metal‐Enabled Microspheres with High Drug Loading and Multimodal Imaging for Artery Embolization
Authors: Zhu Xiyu , Duan Minghui , Zhang Lin , Zhao Jiasheng , Yang Sheng , Shen Rui , Chen Sen , Fan Linlin , Liu Jing 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe drug‐eluting microspheres that have been widely used in clinical treatments such as chemoembolization commonly suffer from inadequate drug loading and tracking difficulties. With inherent high density and excellent biocompatibility, liquid metal (LM) has been explored at the frontiers of medical imaging and clinical therapy. Herein, multifunctional microspheres (SA/LM/DOX) are reported with high drug loading and multimodal imaging by adsorbing silanized LM particles on sulfonated agarose microspheres (SA), which are capable of heating and accelerating drug release under an 808 nm near‐infrared (NIR) laser. The negative SA microspheres can adsorb more positive drugs such as doxorubicin (DOX) up to 104 mg DOX per mL microspheres. It deserves to be mentioned that SA/LM/DOX microspheres have the function of multimodal imaging under computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and B‐scan ultrasonography (US), which significantly facilitate location tracking during the embolization process. In rabbit ear central artery embolization, these microspheres are smoothly injected into the intended location of the vessel and successfully blocked blood flow, and eventually led to necrosis of rabbit ear. Overall, these microspheres with high drug loading capacity and multimodal contrast properties are promising candidates to be developed as new products for future clinical medicine.
Efficient and Stable Perovskite White Light‐Emitting Diodes for Backlit Display
Authors: Chen Shuxin , Lin Jidong , Zheng Song , Zheng Yuanhui , Chen Daqin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractHigh‐quality backlit display puts forward urgent demand for color‐converting materials. Recently, metal halide perovskites (MHPs) with full spectral tunability, high photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQYs), and high color purity have found potential application in wide‐color‐gamut display. Regrettably, naked MHPs suffer from long‐term instable issue and cannot pass harsh stability tests. Herein, amorphous‐glass‐protected green/red CsPbX3 quantum dots (QDs) are prepared by elaborately optimizing glass structure, perovskite concentration, and in situ crystallization. PLQYs of green CsPbBr3@glass and red CsPbBr1.5I1.5@glass reach 94% and 78%, respectively, which are the highest ones of CsPbX3@glass composites reported so far and comparable to colloidal counterparts. Benefited from complete isolation of QDs from external environment by glass network, CsPbX3@glass can endure harsh commercial standard aging tests of 85 °C/85%RH and blue‐light‐irradiation, which are applied to construct white light‐emitting diodes (wLEDs) with high external quantum efficiency of 13.8% and ultra‐high luminance of 500 000 cd m−2. Accordingly, the perovskite wLED arrays‐based backlit unit and a prototype display device are designed for the first time, showing more vivid and wide‐color‐gamut feature benefited from narrowband emissions of CsPbX3 QDs. This work highlights practical application of CsPbX3@glass composite as an efficient and stable light color converter in backlit display.
Nitrogen as An Anionic Center/Dopant for Next‐Generation High‐Performance Lithium/Sodium‐Ion Battery Electrodes: Key Scientific Issues, Challenges and Perspectives
Authors: Chen Mingzhe , Zhou Limin , Wang Tong , Xia Hui , Liu Hua‐Kun , Dou Shi‐Xue , Chou Shulei 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe rapid progress of lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) and sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) have extensively promoted the rechargeable battery technology in the fields of electric vehicles and grid scale energy storage systems. With recent highly effective nitrogen doping strategy in terms of improving the overall electrochemical performance in various sorts of battery systems, the bulk N doping/substitution lays on the core innovations toward structural manipulation toward higher ionic conductivity, elevated reversible working plateau, etc. However, the key scientific and practical issues such as the phase formation process, phase transition kinetics, valence change and anionic/cationic physical/chemical behaviors still leave open questions in the direction of their real applications in the next‐generation battery technology. In light of this, a timely and in‐depth perspective is provided on the development of the bulk N doping/substitution strategy of these high‐performance electrodes of LIBs/SIBs adapting nitrogen as anionic center/dopant. Both the variations of phase and structural constitutions, alkali ion storage mechanism, electrochemical change, and the alkali ion kinetics, which are the key scientific parts for the future explorations of these novel and promising electrodes are highlighted. The most urgent and critical commercial obstacles or challenges towards cost‐efficiency synthetic approach without excessive environmental pollutions are also outlined. With the participation of nitrogen in bulk crystals , the overall specific energy density of next‐generation alkali ion batteries will be reasonably promoted and accelerated in the near future.
Cascade Chirality Transfer Through Diastereomeric Interaction Enables Efficient Circularly Polarized Electroluminescence
Authors: Chen Zhanxiang , Huang Manli , Zhong Cheng , Cao Xiaosong , Xie Guohua , Gong Shaolong , Yang Chuluo 
Published: February 2023

AbstractOrganic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) with circularly polarized emission can bring a breakthrough innovation in display technologies. However, it remains challenging due to the difficulty in obtaining high efficiency and large dissymmetry factor simultaneously. Herein, it is demonstrated that robust circularly polarized (CP) electroluminescence can be induced by cascade chirality transfer within the emitting layer. Through spectroscopic data and theoretical analysis, the initiation of this chirality transfer process is assigned to diastereomeric interaction. Utilizing this interaction and excellent Förster resonance energy transfer ability to the well‐known racemic emitter, CP‐OLEDs with an electroluminescence dissymmetry factor (|gEL|) up to 3.2 × 10−3 and high external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 32% are successfully fabricated. These devices also show ultra‐low efficiency roll‐off at high brightness, with EQE ≥ 20% at 128 000 cd m−2. This study paves the way for the future development of CP‐OLEDs through synergistic materials and device engineering.