bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Potassium and Zinc on Yield Attributes and Economics of Mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern.]
Authors: Komatineni Ajay , Tripathi Suman , Singh Rajesh 
Published: July 2023

A field experiment was carried out in the North Eastern Plains of Eastern Uttar Pradesh during the rabi season of 2022 at the agricultural research farm of the Department of Agronomy at Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj with the objective of examining the impact of potassium and zinc on mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern.] growth, yield, and economics using a randomised block design with 10 treatments, of which treatments (T1-T9) T1 – 30 kg K/ha + 5 kg Zn/ha, T2 – 30 kg K/ha + 10 kg Zn/ha, T3 – 30 kg K/ha + 15 kg Zn/ha, T4 – 40 kg K/ha + 5 kg Zn/ha, T5 – 40 kg K/ha + 10 kg Zn/ha, T6 – 40 kg K/ha + 15 kg Zn/ha, T7 – 50 kg K/ha + 5 kg Zn/ha, T8- 50 kg K/ha + 10 kg Zn/ha, T9 – 50 kg K/ha + 15 kg Zn/ha and T10 – Control with three separate replications of potassium, zinc, and different combinations of nitrogen and phosphorus. The soil in the exploratory plot had a sandy loam texture, a natural pH of 7.2, an EC of 0.26 (dS/m), a low level of organic carbon (0.48%), and available amounts of N (225 kg/ha), P (13.60 kg/ha), and K (215.4 kg/ha). The experimental findings showed that 50 kg K/ha + 15 kg Zn/ha resulted in the maximum plant height (193.45 cm), the highest plant dry weight (35.25 gm), the number of siliqua/plant (302.20), the number of seeds/siliqua (17.60), the seed yield (2685 kg/ha), and the stover yield (6143 kg/ha). The maximum gross return (136910.00 INR/ha), net return (93070.00 INR/ha), and benefit cost ratio (2.11) were recorded for the treatment 50 kg K/ha + 15 kg Zn/ha, in comparison with other treatment combinations.
Determination of Optimum Reaction Velocity for Glucose Production from Cassava Starch Using Gluco Amylase Sourced from Rice
Authors: Selina Onumadu Kelechi , William Olosunde Adebisi , Orua Antia Okon 
Published: July 2023

In an attempt to produce glucose from locally sourced materials to boost glucose syrup production and other applications, the optimum reaction velocity which enzyme becomes saturated with the substrate was investigated. In this study, cassava starch (substrate) and glucoamylase (enzyme) from rice were sourced and prepared. The time course of the enzyme hydrolysis was studied at pH 5 and temperature of 400C as optimum conditions. The hydrolysis was carried out at various substrate concentrations. The time course of the reaction for glucose production was monitored at 10 minutes interval for a period of one hour. The glucose concentration produced was plotted against reaction time to evaluate the optimum glucose amount and its corresponding substrate concentration. The reaction velocity was then computed. Also, the experimental data were fitted into Michaelis-Menten model using Statistical Package for Social Scientists to compare the yield of glucose. Results showed optimum yield of glucose concentration was 0.253 g DE L-1 achieved with 2.5 and 3.0% w/v substrate concentration at 50 and 40 minutes respectively. Further analysis gave the optimum reaction velocity range of 0.00506 to 0.00625 of g DE per litre-min. This range when compared with the model equation result (0.0052 to 0.0068 g DE litre-min) is reasonably close; hence the results from this study are valid. Technical evaluation to standardize the reaction velocity with respect to substrate concentration which may be referred to as specific reaction velocity gave 0.00205 ±0.00005 g D per litre-min per substrate concentration %w/v.
Concomitant Discontinuation of Cardiovascular Therapy and Adjuvant Hormone Therapy Among Patients With Breast Cancer
Authors: He Wei , Zeng Erwei , Sjölander Arvid , Hübbert Laila , Hedayati Elham , Czene Kamila 
Published: July 2023

ImportanceA large proportion of patients with breast cancer concomitantly use adjuvant hormone therapy and cardiovascular therapy.ObjectiveTo examine the relative risk of discontinuing cardiovascular therapy during the periods before and after discontinuation of adjuvant hormone therapy.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis population-based cohort study included all women aged 40 to 74 years in Stockholm, Sweden, who were diagnosed with breast cancer and concomitantly using adjuvant hormone therapy and cardiovascular therapy. Patients were enrolled from July 1, 2005, to August 31, 2020, with a median follow-up of 7.2 years. Data were analyzed from November 3, 2021, to May 12, 2022.ExposureDiscontinuation of adjuvant hormone therapy.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe main outcome was discontinuation of cardiovascular therapy (cardiovascular drugs, statins, or aspirin) within 1 year before and after discontinuation of adjuvant hormone therapy. Incidence rate ratios with 95% CIs were estimated using Poisson regression. Furthermore, hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% CIs for cause-specific mortality were estimated using Cox proportional hazards regression models, comparing those who discontinued and continued adjuvant hormone therapy.ResultsA total of 5493 patients with breast cancer who concomitantly used cardiovascular therapy were identified; 1811 who discontinued adjuvant hormone therapy were individually matched to 1 patient each who continued therapy by year of breast cancer diagnosis, age at diagnosis, and use of the same cardiovascular therapy. Most patients (4070 [74.1%]) were aged 60 years or older at diagnosis. At the time when patients discontinued adjuvant hormone therapy, 248 (12.2%) concomitantly discontinued their cardiovascular therapy. During follow-up, a higher discontinuation rate of cardiovascular therapy was also observed among those who discontinued adjuvant hormone therapy. Consistently, adjuvant hormone therapy discontinuation was associated with an increased risk of death not only due to breast cancer (HR, 1.43; 95 CI%, 1.01-2.01) but also cardiovascular disease (HR, 1.79; 95 CI%, 1.15-2.81). Stratifying the analyses on baseline type of adjuvant hormone therapy yielded consistent results.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study of data from population-based registers in Sweden, patients who discontinued adjuvant hormone therapy were also more likely to discontinue cardiovascular therapy, especially at the time when they discontinued adjuvant hormone therapy. These findings suggest that clinicians should shift from single- to multiple-disease focus to prevent discontinuation of therapies for other diseases among patients with breast cancer.
Effect of a Gun Safety Video on Children’s Behavior Around Real Guns
Authors: Kjærvik Sophie L. , Bushman Brad J. 
Published: July 2023

ImportanceFirearms are the leading cause of death for children in the US. It is therefore crucial to identify effective ways to reduce firearm injuries among children.ObjectiveTo test the effectiveness of a gun safety video vs a car safety video on decreasing unsafe behaviors around real guns after exposure to a violent movie with vs without guns.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsOf 245 participants aged 8 to 12 years, 226 were tested (13 did not complete the laboratory portion, 4 had technical problems, and 2 did not respond to follow-up inquiries). Data were collected from February 2 to October 16, 2022. Participants were recruited via Facebook ads, ResearchMatch, and parent or guardian referrals. The study was conducted in 2 parts. Children watched a safety video at home 1 week before coming to the laboratory at The Ohio State University.InterventionsPairs of children were randomly assigned to watch a 1-minute gun or car safety video at home. In the laboratory, they were randomly assigned to watch a 20-minute clip from a violent PG-rated movie with or without guns. Next, they played with games and toys for 20 minutes in another room that contained 2 disabled 9-mm handguns hidden in a file cabinet drawer. Sessions were videotaped via a hidden camera.Main Outcomes and MeasuresOutcomes were whether children told an adult, touched a handgun, handled it, or pulled the trigger. Control variables were age, gender, race and ethnicity, trait aggressiveness, age-inappropriate media exposure, firearm attitude and interest, presence of firearms at home, and whether children had taken a firearm safety course.ResultsOf 226 children (mean [SD] age, 9.99 [1.38] years; 113 [52.3%] male), 216 (95.6%) found a gun and were included in analyses. Those who saw the gun (vs car) safety video were more likely to tell an adult about the gun they found (38 of 112 [33.9%] vs 11 of 104 [10.6%]), were less likely to touch the gun (44 of 112 [39.3%] vs 70 of 104 [67.3%]), held the gun fewer seconds if they did touch it (mean [SD], 42.04 [121.46] vs 98.96 [195.10]), were less likely to pull the trigger at all (10 of 112 [8.9%] vs 31 of 104 [29.8%]), and pulled the trigger fewer times (mean [SD], 4.20 [20.17] vs 7.23 [15.75]). Being male, exposure to age-inappropriate movies, and gun interest were related to unsafe behavior. Prior completion of a firearm safety course, having guns at home, and negative gun attitudes were related to safe behavior.ConclusionsIn this trial of children assigned to watch a gun or car safety video, watching a gun safety video reduced children’s unsafe behavior around real guns. Children who had previously taken a gun safety course, had guns in the home, and had negative attitudes toward guns were less likely to engage in unsafe behavior around real guns. To encourage safe firearm behavior, children should be educated about gun safety and should not watch age-inappropriate media.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05257837
Tricuspid Annular Plane Systolic Excursion/Systolic Pulmonary Artery Pressure Ratio and Cardiorenal Syndrome Type 2 in the Systemic Sclerosis EUSTAR Cohort
Authors: Colalillo Amalia , Pellicano Chiara , Ananyeva Lidia P. , Hachulla Eric , Cuomo Giovanna , Györfi Andrea‐Hermina , Czirják László , de Vries‐Bouwstra Jeska , Mouthon Luc , Poormoghim Hadi , Del Galdo Francesco , Hunzelmann Nicolas , Spierings Julia , Kuwana Masataka , Rosato Edoardo ,   and the EUSTAR Collaborators
Published: July 2023

ObjectiveThe aim of the study was to evaluate the association between the tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE)/systolic pulmonary artery pressure (sPAP) ratio and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and their association with mortality in the European Scleroderma Trials and Research (EUSTAR) cohort.MethodsPatients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) from the EUSTAR database with TAPSE, sPAP, and parameters required to calculate eGFR were included. Logistic regression and Cox regression analysis were performed to evaluate TAPSE/sPAP as a risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD) and overall survival.ResultsA total of 2,370 patients with SSc were included; 284 (12%) patients had CKD stage 3a–5. TAPSE/sPAP (odds ratio [OR] 0.479; 95% CI 0.310–0.743; P < 0.001), arterial hypertension (OR 3.118; 95% CI 2.173–4.475; P < 0.001), diastolic dysfunction (OR 1.670; 95% CI 1.148–2.428; P < 0.01), and N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide (OR 1.165; 95% CI 1.041–1.304; P < 0.01) were associated with CKD stage 3a–5. TAPSE/sPAP ≤0.32 mm/mm Hg (hazard ratio [HR] 3.589; 95% CI 2.236–5.761; P < 0.001), eGFR <60 mL/min per 1.73 m2 (HR 2.818; 95% CI 1.777–4.468; P < 0.001), and age (HR 1.782; 95% CI 1.348–2.356; P < 0.001) were the most significant predictive factors for all‐cause mortality. A total of 276 patients with SSc had pulmonary hypertension (PH) confirmed by right‐sided heart catheterization, with 69 (25%) having CKD stage 3a–5. No difference was found in eGFR between patients with PH with reduced or normal cardiac index.ConclusionReduced TAPSE/sPAP ratio is independently associated with CKD. TAPSE/sPAP ratio ≤0.32 mm/mm Hg and eGFR <60 mL/min per 1.73 m2 are prognostic factors for all‐cause mortality. In patients with SSc with PH, eGFR is independent by reduced cardiac output.
Prevalence of Alzheimer's disease dementia in the 50 US states and 3142 counties: A population estimate using the 2020 bridged‐race postcensal from the National Center for Health Statistics
Authors: Dhana Klodian , Beck Todd , Desai Pankaja , Wilson Robert S. , Evans Denis A. , Rajan Kumar B. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONThis study estimates the prevalence and number of people living with Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia in 50 US states and 3142 counties.METHODSWe used cognitive data from the Chicago Health and Aging Project, a population‐based study, and combined it with the National Center for Health Statistics 2020 bridged‐race population estimates to determine the prevalence of AD in adults ≥65 years.RESULTSA higher prevalence of AD was estimated in the east and southeastern regions of the United States, with the highest in Maryland (12.9%), New York (12.7%), and Mississippi (12.5%). US states with the highest number of people with AD were California, Florida, and Texas. Among larger counties, those with the highest prevalence of AD were Miami‐Dade County in Florida, Baltimore city in Maryland, and Bronx County in New York.DISCUSSIONThe state‐ and county‐specific estimates could help public health officials develop region‐specific strategies for caring for people with AD.
Phase Separation of DNA‐Encoded Artificial Cells Boosts Signal Amplification for Biosensing
Authors: Li Juncai , Yang Cai , Zhang Lizhuan , Li Chunying , Xie Sitao , Fu Ting , Zhang Ziwen , Li Longjie , Qi Lubin , Lyu Yifan , Chen Fengming , He Lei , Tan Weihong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractLife‐like hierarchical architecture shows great potential for advancing intelligent biosensing, but modular expansion of its sensitivity and functionality remains a challenge. Drawing inspiration from intracellular liquid‐liquid phase separation, we discovered that a DNA‐encoded artificial cell with a liquid core (LAC) can enhance peroxidase‐like activity of Hemin and its DNA G‐quadruplex aptamer complex (DGAH) without substrate‐selectivity, unlike its gelled core (GAC) counterpart. The LAC is easily engineered as an ultrasensitive biosensing system, benefiting from DNA′s high programmability and unique signal amplification capability mediated by liquid‐liquid phase separation. As proof of concept, its versatility was successfully demonstrated by coupling with two molecular recognition elements to monitor tumor‐related microRNA and profile cancer cell phenotypes. This scalable design philosophy offers new insights into the design of next generation of artificial cells‐based biosensors.
Unlocking Reversible Silicon Redox for High‐Performing Chlorine Batteries
Authors: Yuan Bin , Wu Liang , Geng Shitao , Xu Qiuchen , Zhao Xiaoju , Wang Yan , Liao Meng , Ye Lei , Qu Zongtao , Zhang Xiao , Wang Shuo , Ouyang Zhaofeng , Tang Shanshan , Peng Huisheng , Sun Hao 
Published: July 2023

AbstractChlorine (Cl)‐based batteries such as Li/Cl2 batteries are recognized as promising candidates for energy storage with low cost and high performance. However, the current use of Li metal anodes in Cl‐based batteries has raised serious concerns regarding safety, cost, and production complexity. More importantly, the well‐documented parasitic reactions between Li metal and Cl‐based electrolytes require a large excess of Li metal, which inevitably sacrifices the electrochemical performance of the full cell. Therefore, it is crucial but challenging to establish new anode chemistry, particularly with electrochemical reversibility, for Cl‐based batteries. Here we show, for the first time, reversible Si redox in Cl‐based batteries through efficient electrolyte dilution and anode/electrolyte interface passivation using 1,2‐dichloroethane and cyclized polyacrylonitrile as key mediators. Our Si anode chemistry enables significantly increased cycling stability and shelf lives compared with conventional Li metal anodes. It also avoids the use of a large excess of anode materials, thus enabling the first rechargeable Cl2 full battery with remarkable energy and power densities of 809 Wh kg−1 and 4,277 W kg−1, respectively. The Si anode chemistry affords fast kinetics with remarkable rate capability and low‐temperature electrochemical performance, indicating its great potential in practical applications.
Zeitaufgelöste Mn2+−NO‐ und NO−NO‐Abstandsmessungen zeigen regulierende Funktion der katalytischen Asymmetrie auf den alternierenden Zugang in einem ABC‐Transporter**
Authors: Rudolph Michael , Tampé Robert , Joseph Benesh 
Published: July 2023

AbstractATP‐binding cassette Transporter (ABC‐Transporter) transportieren unterschiedlichste Substrate über biologische Membranen. Der Transport erfolgt durch den Übergang zwischen einer nach innen gerichteten (IF) und einer nach außen gerichteten (OF) Konformation der Transmembrandomänen (TMD). Katalytisch asymmetrische Nukleotidbindestellen (NBS) sind in fast allen ABC‐Proteinunterfamilien vorhanden, ihre funktionelle Rolle ist jedoch noch nicht geklärt. Wir haben diese Frage mit Hilfe von gleichzeitigen NO−NO, Mn2+−NO und Mn2+−Mn2+ Abstandsmessungen mittels gepulster Doppel‐Elektron‐Elektron‐Resonanzspektroskopie von TmrAB zeitaufgelöst untersucht. Dieser Typ IV ABC‐Transporter durchläuft in Gegenwart von ATP einen reversiblen Übergang mit einem deutlich schnelleren Vorwärtsübergang (IF‐nach‐OF). Die katalytisch beeinträchtigte, degenerierte NBS bindet Mn2+−ATP stabil, während Mn2+ bevorzugt an der aktiven konsensus NBS freigesetzt wird. Die ATP‐Hydrolyse an der konsensus NBS beschleunigt den Rückwärtsübergang erheblich. Beide NBSs öffnen sich während jedes Konformationszyklus vollständig, und die degenerierte NBS könnte die Kinetik dieses Prozesses regulieren.
Carbon Electrode Materials for Advanced Potassium‐Ion Storage
Authors: Zhang Wenchao , Huang Rui , Yan Xu , Tian Chen , Xiao Ying , Lin Zhang , Dai Liming , Guo Zaiping , Chai Liyuan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTremendous progress has been made in the field of electrochemical energy storage devices that rely on potassium‐ions as charge carriers due to their abundant resources and excellent ion transport properties. Nevertheless, future practical developments not only count on advanced electrode materials with superior electrochemical performance, but also on competitive costs of electrodes for scalable production. In the past few decades, advanced carbon materials have attracted great interest due to their low cost, high selectivity, and structural suitability and have been widely investigated as functional materials for potassium‐ion storage. This article provides an up‐to‐date overview of this rapidly developing field, focusing on recent advanced and mechanistic understanding of carbon‐based electrode materials for potassium‐ion batteries. In addition, we also discuss recent achievements of dual‐ion batteries and conversion‐type K−X (X=O2, CO2, S, Se, I2) batteries towards potential practical applications as high‐voltage and high‐power devices, and summarize carbon‐based materials as the host for K‐metal protection and possible directions for the development of potassium energy‐related devices as well. Based on this, we bridge the gaps between various carbon‐based functional materials structure and the related potassium‐ion storage performance, especially provide guidance on carbon material design principles for next‐generation potassium‐ion storage devices.
Topological Design of Unprecedented Metal‐Organic Frameworks Featuring Multiple Anion Functionalities and Hierarchical Porosity for Benchmark Acetylene Separation
Authors: Zhang Yuanbin , Sun Wanqi , Luan Binquan , Li Jiahao , Luo Dong , Jiang Yunjia , Wang Lingyao , Chen Banglin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSeparation of acetylene (C2H2) from carbon dioxide (CO2) or ethylene (C2H4) is industrially important but still challenging so far. Herein, we developed two novel robust metal organic frameworks AlFSIX‐Cu‐TPBDA (ZNU‐8) with znv topology and SIFSIX‐Cu‐TPBDA (ZNU‐9) with wly topology for efficient capture of C2H2 from CO2 and C2H4. Both ZNU‐8 and ZNU‐9 feature multiple anion functionalities and hierarchical porosity. Notably, ZNU‐9 with more anionic binding sites and three distinct cages displays both an extremely large C2H2 capacity (7.94 mmol/g) and a high C2H2/CO2 (10.3) or C2H2/C2H4 (11.6) selectivity. The calculated capacity of C2H2 per anion (4.94 mol/mol at 1 bar) is the highest among all the anion pillared metal organic frameworks. Theoretical calculation indicated that the strong cooperative hydrogen bonds exist between acetylene and the pillared SiF62− anions in the confined cavity, which is further confirmed by in situ IR spectra. The practical separation performance was explicitly demonstrated by dynamic breakthrough experiments with equimolar C2H2/CO2 mixtures and 1/99 C2H2/C2H4 mixtures under various conditions with excellent recyclability and benchmark productivity of pure C2H2 (5.13 mmol/g) or C2H4 (48.57 mmol/g).
Time‐Resolved Mn2+−NO and NO−NO Distance Measurements Reveal That Catalytic Asymmetry Regulates Alternating Access in an ABC Transporter**
Authors: Rudolph Michael , Tampé Robert , Joseph Benesh 
Published: July 2023

AbstractATP‐binding cassette (ABC) transporters shuttle diverse substrates across biological membranes. Transport is often achieved through a transition between an inward‐facing (IF) and an outward‐facing (OF) conformation of the transmembrane domains (TMDs). Asymmetric nucleotide‐binding sites (NBSs) are present among several ABC subfamilies and their functional role remains elusive. Here we addressed this question using concomitant NO−NO, Mn2+−NO, and Mn2+−Mn2+ pulsed electron–electron double‐resonance spectroscopy of TmrAB in a time‐resolved manner. This type‐IV ABC transporter undergoes a reversible transition in the presence of ATP with a significantly faster forward transition. The impaired degenerate NBS stably binds Mn2+−ATP, and Mn2+ is preferentially released at the active consensus NBS. ATP hydrolysis at the consensus NBS considerably accelerates the reverse transition. Both NBSs fully open during each conformational cycle and the degenerate NBS may regulate the kinetics of this process.
Efficient C(sp3)−H Carbonylation of Light and Heavy Hydrocarbons with Carbon Monoxide via Hydrogen Atom Transfer Photocatalysis in Flow**
Authors: Raymenants Fabian , Masson Tom M. , Sanjosé‐Orduna Jesús , Noël Timothy 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDespite their abundance in organic molecules, considerable limitations still exist in synthetic methods that target the direct C−H functionalization at sp3‐hybridized carbon atoms. This is even more the case for light alkanes, which bear some of the strongest C−H bonds known in Nature, requiring extreme activation conditions that are not tolerant to most organic molecules. To bypass these issues, synthetic chemists rely on prefunctionalized alkyl halides or organometallic coupling partners. However, new synthetic methods that target regioselectively C−H bonds in a variety of different organic scaffolds would be of great added value, not only for the late‐stage functionalization of biologically active molecules but also for the catalytic upgrading of cheap and abundant hydrocarbon feedstocks. Here, we describe a general, mild and scalable protocol which enables the direct C(sp3)−H carbonylation of saturated hydrocarbons, including natural products and light alkanes, using photocatalytic hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) and gaseous carbon monoxide (CO). Flow technology was deemed crucial to enable high gas‐liquid mass transfer rates and fast reaction kinetics, needed to outpace deleterious reaction pathways, but also to leverage a scalable and safe process.