bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Persistent Neutrophilic Inflammation is Associated with Delayed Toxicity of Phenylarsine Oxide in Lungs
Authors: Sanchez Nilda C. , Mani Gopikrishnan , Jones Carlin , Zmijewsli Jaroslaw W. , Surolia Ranu 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Phenyl arsine oxide (PAO) is a vesicant, similar to Lewisite, a potential chemical warfare agent and an environmental contaminant. PAO-induced skin burns can trigger acute organ injury, including lungs. We have recently demonstrated that PAO burns can also has a delayed toxicity, although the specific mechanism/s remain to be determined. A single cutaneous exposure to PAO resulted in inflammatory acute lung injury at 6 and 24 hours. While acute injury subsiding by 1 week, we observed a significant airway remodeling at 10 weeks post-PAO exposure. The mechanism of prolonged PAO toxicity was associated with the influx of neutrophils that produced harmful neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). We demonstrated that the crosstalk between NET deployments and expression of IL-33, a pro-remodeling mediator was associated with the development of peribronchial fibrosis. In summary, these results suggest that a single cutaneous exposure to PAO causes the acute inflammatory phase followed by NETs/IL-33 feed forward signaling implicated for the persistent neutrophil influx and NETs formation resulting in airway remodeling.
Additive Effect of Wildfires on Hospital Admission in the Pantanal Wetland
Authors: Goncalves André Calixto , de Magalhães Marcelo Marques , Faria Kaylane de Almeida , Santos Gabriel Alexandre dos , Valentim Rodolfo , Fernandes Ivan Filipe , Nascimento Gabriela Moraes do , Rodrigues Francisco Aparecido , Ceneviva Ricardo , Stama Maria Clara Mendes , Mori Daniel Tetsuo G. , Capellini Carolina Nascimento , Garcia Maria Eduarda Feres , Bruschi Thiago , Gonçalves Gabriel Poveda , Brito Lais Costa , Toussaint Djeansy Djarny Etchiamiadzy , Gonçalves Rejane Calixto , Luiz Olinda do Carmo 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Forest fires produce toxic emissions that are detrimental to human health. Currently, the Pantanal, the largest continuous wetland in the world, is facing intense fires. This situation may contribute to increased hospital admissions for respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. To assess the additive effect between active fire hotspots and hospitalizations of residents in the Pantanal, a generalized linear model was used, incorporating geolocalized covariates such as air quality and climatic conditions. Our findings show a consistent worsening, when humans are exposed to 10 additional wildfire hotspots, the daily risk of admissions for respiratory diseases increases by 23,2% and 22,3% for cardiovascular diseases in 10-year analysis. These results can stimulate preventive measures to mitigate forest fires and also early preparation of the health system.
An Efficient Off-Membrane Switch: Par6 Facilitates Processive Phosphorylation of Lgl’s Serine Sites via a Dynamic Interaction with aPKC
Authors: Almagor Lior , Weis William 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Polarity along an apical-basal axis is essential for epithelial cell shape and function. The atypical protein Kinase-C (aPKC) and its regulatory partner Par6 form a complex that is essential for polarization, a primary function of which is to phosphorylate the Lethal giant larvae (Lgl) protein to prevent it from binding to the apical membrane (thereby facilitating its basolateral localization). Par6 binds Lgl directly and is essential for this process, but its mechanism was obscure. Here, we use cryo-EM and protein biochemistry to characterize Lgl2’s interaction with the aPKCι/Par6 complex and to study Par6's roles in promoting Lgl2 phosphorylation. We find that Par6 proteins stabilize a ternary Lgl2/aPKCι/Par6 complex that involves a unique multi-surface interaction of pre-phosphorylated Lgl2 with both aPKCι and Par6. Importantly, we find Par6b induces processive phosphorylation that results in a multi-phosphorylated Lgl2 after a single interaction with the aPKCι/Par6b complex. This is enabled by a Par6b/Lgl2 interaction that maintains Lgl2’s contact with the kinase throughout aPKCι's distinct nucleotide-binding states. Our results reveal the mechanistic basis for the efficient regulation of Lgl’s membrane binding by aPKC/Par6 and provide invaluable structural data for further understanding the mechanisms of this polarity complex.
An X-linked long non-coding RNA, PTCHD1-AS, regulates autistic behaviors in humans and in mice
Authors: Scherer Stephen , Bradley Clarrisa , Ko Sangyoon , Tian Meng , Ralph Liam , D'Abate Lia , Lee Jinyeol , Liu Tianyi , Wang Junhui , Tidball Patrick , Mendes Marla , Fan Xiaolian , Howe Jennifer , Alexandrova Roumiana , Pellecchia Giovanna , Casallo Guillermo , Paton Tara , Wybenga-Groot Leanne , Engchuan Worrawat , Thiruvahindrapuram Bhooma , Trost Brett , de Rijke Jill , Kadia Ashish , Jin Fuzi , Salazar Nelson Bautista , Diaz-Mejia J. Javier , MacDonald Jeffrey , Deneault Eric , Ross P. Joel , Ellis James , Shum Carole , Georgiou John , Rennie Olivia , Reuter Miriam , Hoang Ny , Sarikaya Ege , Selvanayagam Thanuja , Rutherford Annabel , Rivero-Alfaro Natalia , Marshall Christian , Scala Marcello , Runke Cassandra , Kearney Hutton , Christodoulou John , Francis David , Chung Brian , Plucinicazak Jill , Iaboni Alana , Nordahl Christine , Amaral David , Hudson Melissa , Sjaarda Calvin , Guerin Andrea , Elsabbagh Mayada , Landa Rebecca , Mital Seema , Lesurf Robert , Jain Anjali , Wilson Michael , Lerch Jason , Lee Leo , Frey Brendan , Salter Michael , Vorstman Jacob , Anagnostou Evdokia , Frankland Paul , Collingridge Graham 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

There are ~100 genes or copy number variants (CNVs) used in genetic testing for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD, or autism). These genes are protein-coding, and the associated phenotypes often extend beyond socio-behavioral traits seen in autism including cognitive/medical complexities, epilepsy, and ADHD. Here, we characterize 27 males with ASD through whole genome sequencing (WGS), delineating X-chromosome microdeletions that implicate the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) PTCHD1-AS as an ASD-susceptibility gene (OR=2.56, p=0.01). Two Ptchd1-as knockout (KO) murine models, created by removing the evolutionarily conserved exon-3, show ASD-like features in males, increasing repetitive behaviors and impairing typical social behavior and communication without overt cognitive comorbidities or ADHD-like behaviors. Hippocampus-dependent synaptic function, complex learning, and locomotor activity are unaffected in KO mice. Native nuclear-enriched mouse Ptchd1-as showed sustained expression from post-natal day-7 onward in the dorsal striatum, a predominantly GABAergic brain region implicated in ASD. Multi-omics revealed transcriptomic alterations in striatal oligodendrocyte, astrocyte and neurons impacting myelination and plasticity pathways. Disrupting Ptchd1-as led to reductions in conventional Protein Kinase-C, altered Src and GSK3α/β phosphorylation, and an enhancement of synaptic plasticity (long-term potentiation and long-term depression). Together, these findings implicate striatal molecular and circuit level dysregulation via Ptchd1-as in ASD etiology.
Green Secure Land Registration Scheme for Blockchain-enabled Agriculture Industry 5.0
Authors: Naguji Feshalbhai , Jadav Nilesh Kumar , Tanwar Sudeep , Pau Giovanni , Alqahtani Fayez , Tolba Amr 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

The land is a highly valued asset worldwide. It is a scarce resource, crucial for agriculture and livelihood, serving as a foundation for economic activity, a valuable investment, and a source of security. However, it sustains several challenges, such as lack of ownership, traceability, and possession. Organizations that manage land ownership are mainly centralized and not formally digitized to maintain large land records, including pasture, agriculture, and industrial lands, leading to land forgery, thievery, fraudulent activities, and conflicting issues in land management. To overcome the aforementioned issues, we proposed a blockchain-enabled land registry scheme that efficiently stores the land records to tackle security and conflicting concerns of the land management systems. The proposed scheme utilizes the decentralized nature of blockchain to dilute the significant shortcomings of the current land management systems in the agriculture industry 5.0. It uses robust programmable smart contracts that eradicate the need for third-party intermediaries during the entire process of the land registry system. In addition, the essential characteristics of blockchain, i.e., decentralization, immutability, and transparency, solve single-point failure, track all the land ownership records, and offer secure data storage to both agricultural and industrial land. Also, the smart contracts are assessed using vulnerability assessment tools to find any loophole the attackers can exploit. Moreover, incorporating an interplanetary filesystem (IPFS) strengthens off-chain data storage and improves the response time and scalability of the proposed scheme. Further, the proposed scheme is evaluated using different performance parameters, such as blockchain scalability, sustainability, and block size comparison. Compared to the traditional approach, the proposed approach shows an energy consumption of 780 Terawatt-hours (for ten years), 10000 ms to transact 300 blocks (scalability), and a minimum gas cost of 100000 wei in deploying smart contract functions. These attainments show that the proposed decentralized scheme holds the potential to significantly mitigate land forgery and ownership issues within the landscape of agriculture industry 5.0.
Design and Development of a Real-Time Foot Pressure Analysis System for Leprosy and Diabetic Patients
Authors: Pusuluri Vinod Babu , Bugatha Mownish 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

The study introduces a cost-effective pressure-sensing slipper to prevent foot ulcers in individuals with sensory loss caused by leprosy. The device integrates four force-sensitive resistors (FSRs) in the sole, with an Arduino microcontroller enabling real-time plantar pressure monitoring. Alerts are displayed on an OLED screen, with thresholds identifying forward, backward, or simultaneous overpressure events. Calibration customizes the system to each user, and warnings are issued within 2 seconds of detecting abnormal pressure.Tested on 20 participants (average weight: 65.7 ± 12.3 kg), the device demonstrated 96% accuracy in forward overpressure detection, 93% in backward, and 91% in simultaneous cases. User feedback highlighted ease of use, calibration, and timely alerts. This slipper holds significant promise for mitigating ulceration risks in low-resource settings. Planned enhancements include improved durability and remote monitoring for expanded clinical applications.
Research on the Risk Transmission Chain for Natech Event in Urban Lifeline Based on CN and SD
Authors: LI Shifeng , SHANG Yu , ZHAO Meilin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

The urban lifeline Natech event is a multi-risk, multi-agent coupled system, and identifying the risk transmission chain is a prerequisite and foundation for the efficient management of urban lifeline Natech events. First, by analyzing the risk transmission mechanism, the urban lifeline Natech event involves both a natural disaster chain and a domino effect. Next, analyze the complexity and dynamic characteristics of the risk transmission chain and construct a CN-SD model for the risk transmission chain of the urban lifeline Natech event. Finally, use the "Top Ten Natural Disasters in China" and news reports as textual data to visualize the complex network of the risk transmission chain, quantify the indicators of the complex network model, and subsequently quantify the variables of the risk transmission chain system dynamics model to numerically simulate the risk transmission chain. The results indicate that this model can qualitatively and quantitatively analyze the risk transmission chain of urban lifeline Natech events. Furthermore, the numerical simulation can visualize the dynamic curve of the domino effect risk rate and level of urban lifeline technical accidents, such as traffic, power, communication, and water supply, in complex network disaster chain scenarios like rainstorms, gales, floods, and thunderstorms. This provides essential guidance for the development of risk prediction, assessment, prevention, and control measures for urban lifeline Natech events.
Research on safe path planning for unmanned aerial vehicles based on an Improved Pied Kingfisher Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Liu Chengyu , Huang Shixin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

The safety route planning problem in UAVs (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles)missions is the subject of this paper, which suggests a method based on an improved Pied Kingfisher Optimization algorithm (IPKO) algorithm. By adding collision avoidance restrictions to the swarm scenario, the study expands the single UAVs path planning problem to improve flight safety. In order to reduce the problem of decreased convergence speed in the PKO algorithm, population diversity is increased and premature convergence to the local optimum is prevented by using mirror reflection learning. Furthermore, the algorithm is improved with a crash mechanism model and a fish hawk hunting approach, which allows UAVs to react in real time to environmental changes and avoid hazards. The IPKO algorithm performs better than conventional algorithms in terms of path efficiency and safety, as evidenced by experimental results, which also provide a fresh view of UAV safety path planning.
The Role of Digitalization on Carbon Emissions: Spatial DDML Test and Neural Networks Prediction
Authors: Wu Mao , Liu Fanrui 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Based on the Chinese provincial panel data from 2011 to 2022, this paper innovatively use the spatial double/debiased machine learning (DDML) model, planar and spatial mediating model to study the effect, mediating mechanisms of the digitalization on carbon emissions in both local and surrounding areas. The empirical studies show that digitalization significantly reduces carbon emissions in the local area. Digitalization reduces local carbon emissions by promoting the transformation of energy industrial structure and green technological innovation, reduces carbon emissions in the surrounding regions by promoting the improvement of energy utilization efficiency and green technological progress, improve the industrial intensification in local and surrounding areas thus reducing carbon emissions. Prediction by using the LSTM and neural network shows that for 30 provinces in China except Tibet in 2030, peak carbon dioxide emissions is achievable. For digitally developed regions, or where digitization is lagging behind but developing rapidly, digitization can help these provinces achieve peak carbon dioxide emissions with less emissions. For provinces where digitization is relatively undeveloped, digitization makes little difference in reducing carbon emissions in the process of achieving peak carbon dioxide emissions. For regions where digitization is lagging behind and developing slowly, due to the extensiveness of the industrial model in these provinces, digitization shows a rebound effect, making these regions put more energy demand into the produce, and thus carbon emissions will increase.
Induction of apoptosis through downregulation of anti-apoptotic genes bcl-2 and Nucleolin in MCF-7 cells by Cleome gynandra leaf fractions containing Tricin, Pinocembrin, and Acacetin
Authors: Renuka Saravanan , Sri Sridharan , Sivakumar Ramalingam 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

This study investigates the anti-proliferative effect of Cleome gynandra leaf fractions on MCF 7 cells. Chloroform extract of Cleome gynandra leaves (CCG) was subjected to column chromatographic separation with increasing polarity of solvents. The total fractions (36) collected were subjected to TLC analysis and pooled into three fractions (F1-F3) based on their Rf value. Further, these fractions were screened for anti-proliferative and apoptotic effects on MCF7 cells. The IC50 values for the CCG fractions (F1-F3) were 82.78, 93.69, and 200µg/mL, respectively. Of these fractions, F1 demonstrated a remarkable cytotoxic effect and was subsequently analyzed using LC-MS/MS. For the first time, the plant F1 is found to contain Tricin (a methylated flavone), Pinocembrin (a flavone), 4-hydroxy-2,3,4,6-tetramethoxychalcone (an aromatic ketone), Acacetin (a methylated flavone), and Cinnamic acid. The expression of bax, CYCS, bcl-2, and nucleolin was analyzed using RT-PCR. The MCF 7 cells treated with the F1 showed downregulation of anti-apoptotic genes bcl-2 and nucleolin and upregulation of bax and CYCS. Thus, the induction of apoptosis is mediated through the downregulation of the anti-apoptotic genes. Further, an in silico approach was employed to evaluate the binding affinity of the identified compounds with the Bax, nucleolin, and bcl-2 proteins. It was observed that Acacetin exhibited a stronger binding affinity with bax, Tricin, Nucleolin, and Pinocembrin with bcl-2. Based on this study, Tricin, Pinocembrin, Chalcones, and Cinnamic acid could target the apoptotic and anti-apoptotic genes studied.
Molecular characterization of a novel non-segmented double-stranded RNA mycovirus isolated from the phytopathogenic fungus Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae
Authors: Guan Zhengzhe , Wang Mengjiao , Ma Jiayi , Mu Mengyuan , Li Xinyu , Sun Peimeng , Zhang Mengyuan , Zhang Yuanyuan , Song Luyang , Wen Caiyi , Zhao Ying 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

In this study, we isolated a novel mycovirus from Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae strain YY-1, which we named “Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae Mycovirus 1” (LpMyV1). The complete genome of LpMyV1 is 2877 bp in length and contains two non-overlapping open reading frames (ORF1 and ORF2). ORF1 encodes a putative protein of 316 amino acids with a molecular weight of 34.1 kDa, which shares similarity with the coat proteins of several mycoviruses. ORF2 encodes a protein of 561 amino acids with a molecular weight of 63.2 kDa, which contains a conserved RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) domain. A BLASTp results show that the RdRp of LpMyV1 shares the highest similarity with non-segmented dsRNA viruses. Multiple sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis indicate that LpMyV1 is a new member of the proposed genus “Unirnavirus”. It is the first report of a mycovirus genome sequence from L. pseudotheobromae.
Ground Motion Prediction Equations for Campi Flegrei (Italy)
Authors: Scala Antonio , Strumia Claudio , Cito Pasquale , Uccio Francesco Scotto di , Festa Gaetano , Iervolino Iunio , Zollo Aldo , Bobbio Antonella , Convertito Vincenzo , Elia Luca , Emolo Antonio , Iaccarino Antonio Giovanni 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Ground Motion Prediction Equations (GMPEs) are semi-empirical models to relate ground motion intensity measures, such as peak ground acceleration (PGA), peak ground velocity (PGV), and pseudo-spectral acceleration (SA), to earthquake magnitude, source-to-site distance, geological local site conditions, and possibly other covariates. GMPEs are employed for applications such as probabilistic seismic hazard analysis and post-event rapid shaking estimation.
Over the last decade, the densely populated Campi Flegrei caldera in Southern Italy has experienced increasing seismicity, related to the volcanic unrest and ground uplift, with over nine thousand recorded events, with duration magnitude larger than − 1.1. In the past two years, seismic activity has intensified, including approximately seventy events with duration magnitudes between 2.5 and 4.4, most of them widely felt, causing in some cases non-negligible structural actions close to the epicentre, and ultimately sparking large public concern.
In this study, we calibrated site-specific GMPEs for PGA, PGV, and 21 SA values over periods T from 0.01 to 10 seconds. The dataset includes recordings from the largest events over the past two years, recorded by more than fifty accelerometric and velocimetric seismic monitoring stations at epicentral distances Repi<40 km. Moment magnitude, which is the scale used in the GMPEs, was derived for the events from their displacement Fourier amplitude spectrum. The GMPEs shows structurally non-negligible SAs at short periods (T<0.2 s), and the relatively faster attenuation with distance (Repi ≥5 km) as compared to some existing ground motion models for Italy.
Insights into radiography education in Ghana: Document analysis of curricula contents and perspectives of selected stakeholders
Authors: Ago Jacob Leonard , Anim-Sampong Samuel , Markwei Loyal Gold Marteki , Acquah Godwill , Neequaye Joana Justina , Antwi William K. , Tagoe Samuel Nii Adu , Ashimatey Foster 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
The current state of radiography education (RE) in Ghana is unclear due to the surge in public universities offering radiography programmes (RPs) in the last eight years. This study examined RE in Ghana through an exploration of students’, educators, and a regulatory official’s perspectives and a comparison of curricula used by training institutions.
Methods
A mixed-method approach allowed the study to be conducted in four phases. Study participants in all phases were purposively sampled. Data from Phase one (P1) was analysed by content analysis approach while thematic analysis was applied to the data in phases two (P2) and three (P3) using NVivo™ 14. In contrast, the data from Phase four (P4) were descriptively and inferentially analysed using SPSS v29. These analysis methods allowed for the generation of themes, frequency tables and graphs. Associations were deemed significant at p < 0.05.
Results
The results in P1 revealed variations in curricula employed by training institutions. In P2, the accreditation process and criteria were identified. Three themes emerged from P3: RP comparison, challenges in RE and impact, and improvement strategies. Several negative and positive perspectives were identified in P4.
Conclusion
The RE curriculum structure provides a solid foundation for training radiographers, nonetheless, the lack of harmonisation across institutions and resource constraints pose significant challenges to the quality of education and training. These could be addressed through curriculum reforms, improved resource allocation, and enhanced collaboration between academic and clinical institutions.