bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Calculation Method of the Hosting Capacity of Distribution Network based on Optimal Power Flow
Authors: Zhao Zhiyu , Zhao Tianqi , Ma Zhihao , Wang Zesen , Xie Huan , Li Xuan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
With increasing and massive photovoltaic (PV) connected to the distribution network(DN), there will be two-way power flow in traditional DN. As one indicator to measure the maximum amount of active power that certain bus of distribution network (DN) can be injected, the hosting capacity of DN is to be a research hotspot. This calculation method of hosting capacity of DN is presented based on optimal power flow (OPF)model and commercial solver. Based on the branch power flow equation with relaxation method, the maximum active power of renewable energy source (RES) that can be injected to DN is calculated precisely. An improved IEEE 33 buses case validates the correctness of the proposed calculation model.
Failure analysis of the sewage pipeline on a shale gas platform
Authors: Chen Yanjun , Tang Li , Wang Qiliang 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The wall thickness of the sewage pipeline on a shale gas platform is seriously reduced. In order to explore the specific reasons for the pipeline failure, this paper carried out analysis by means of macroscopic inspection, mechanical property test, chemical composition analysis of base metal and corrosion product analysis. The analysis results show that the site of this pipeline corroded most seriously is at 5 o ′clock and 12 o ′clock near the outlet, and the corrosion of liquid accumulation containing CO2 is the main reason for the serious failure of the inner wall of this pipeline. This paper explores the specific reasons for the failure of the sewage pipeline on a shale gas platform, and provides a reference for the corrosion prevention of the sewage pipeline.
Granularity reconstruction and characterization of silicon carbide micronized powders
Authors: Wang Jialin , Liu Shikai , Song Zhijian , Han Bibo , Wu Haocheng 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Water glass and silica-alumina sol were used as adhesives, uniformly mixed with silicon carbide powder. The effects of binder, binder concentration, sintering temperature, and sintering process on the granularity reconstruction of SiC powders were studied in detail. The results show that when water glass is used as the binding agent, vacuum sintering can effectively inhibit the oxidation of silicon carbide, and suitable granulation and sintering samples are obtained at a concentration of 5%. When silica-aluminum sol is used as the binding agent, it is discovered that the increase in engagement can effectively increase the particle size, and the best effect is achieved at a concentration of 10%. Both systems of binding agents can successfully bind silicon carbide micronized powder, enlarge silicon carbide particles, and accomplish the goal of Granularity reconstruction.
Research on warping optimization of automobile mesh based on artificial intelligence algorithm
Authors: Shan Zhi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Automobile mesh is a typical large plastic part prone to warping deformation in the manufacturing process, which seriously affects the quality of products. The traditional method is to find the optimal combination parameters to reduce warping deformation in the forming process through repeated trial or mold flow analysis with high cost. In this study, An optimization method based on an artificial intelligence algorithm is proposed to optimize the warping deformation of the automobile mesh. In the optimization method, artificial intelligence regression algorithm-support vector machine regression was used to establish the nonlinear function relationship (prediction function) between the molding process parameters and the warpage of automobile mesh, and the performance of the prediction function was optimized by a genetic algorithm. The optimized prediction function was taken as the fitness function, the warping value was regarded as the fitness value, and genetic algorithm is used again to obtain a set of optimal process parameters and minimum warpage values. Finally, the reliability of the optimization method is verified by the modal flow analysis software.
Effect of Hydrophobic Silica Particles on Mechanical Properties of Bromobutyl Rubber (BIIR)
Authors: Gui Chen , Hou Jianan , Wang Kai , Gao Qun , Zheng Kang-Sheng 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Silica is one of the most important reinforcing fillers in the rubber industry. As an excellent reinforcing agent, it can endow rubber with higher tensile strength, elongation at break, elasticity, heat resistance, tear strength, etc., and is widely used in rubber products. BIIR has good air tightness, fatigue resistance, aging resistance, chemical resistance, and good processing performance, so it is widely used in tires and other industries. In this paper, three hydrophobic nano-powder materials, silica airgel, hydrophobic fumed silica and hydrophobic precipitated silica, were added to BIIR during rubber mixing and vulcanization. The effects of three nano-powder materials on the physical and mechanical properties of BIIR were compared. The results show that all three hydrophobic silica nano-powder materials can effectively improve the mechanical properties of BIIR, among which silica airgel has the most significant enhancement effect on the mechanical properties of BIIR. The tensile strength of 40% airgel-reinforced vulcanized rubber can be increased from 2.42MPa to 5.84MPa. The 100% constant tensile stress can be increased from 0.34MPa to 1.04MPa, while the tear strength is high (19.07N/mm), the hardness is extremely high (89HA), and the thermal conductivity is as low as 0.13439 (W/m·K).
Design of High Sensitivity Cellulose Filter Paper-based SERS Flexible Substrate for Testing Harmful Rust of Bronze Ware
Authors: Zhang Yahui , Li Pengyang , Zheng Xiongbiao , Zhou Sheng , Huang Xia , Chen Jiachang 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSurface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), a simple, highly sensitive, and fast analytical method can be used to detect corrosion components on the surface of bronze ware, a difficult problem. The silver mirror reaction is suggested for depositing precious metal nanoparticles on cellulose filter paper in order to create a quick, easy, and low-cost approach for creating SERS substrates. After an 8-minute deposition time, optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed a uniform dispersion of precious metals on cellulose filter paper. To examine the SERS characteristics of the substrate, copper chloride oxide, the main ingredient in the damaging rust of trace bronze ware, was used as the probe molecule. The findings show that cellulose filter paper with a uniform distribution of precious metals achieves the best SERS performance. The flexible substrate enables effective trace analysis of damaging rust on bronze surfaces.
Comparative Analysis on Microstructure and Properties of Welding Joints of Q350EW and Q355GNH Weathering Structural Steel
Authors: Guo Shibin , Liu Zijing , Su Yunhai 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
High weather-resistant steel has excellent weather resistance, mechanical properties, weather resistance, superior economy, and other characteristics and is widely used in high-speed rail trains. Due to the shortage of corrosion-resistant elements such as Ni and Cr in China, weathering steel with Cu+high P as the main component is widely used. This paper aims to study the mechanical properties of the newly developed material Q350EW weathering steel welded joint and compare it with the traditional Q355GNH material. The microstructure of the welded joint of Q350EW and Q355GNH was observed by optical microscope (OM) and field emission scanning electron microscope (SEM). The tensile properties, hardness, impact properties at different temperatures, and fatigue strength of the two sheets of steel were tested. The results show that the grains in the weld zone of the two steel sheets are fine and equal. The tensile properties of the two sheets of steel meet the applicable standards. The hardness distribution of the Q355GNH welded joint is more uniform than that of Q350EW. The impact toughness of the Q355EW welded joint at -40 °C does not meet the standard requirements. The fatigue limit of the Q355EW welded joint is slightly lower than that of the Q355GNH welded joint.
An Evaluation of crushing performance of a Boride layer formed on high strength wear resistant steel
Authors: Fu Yuzhu , Tong Weiping 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Boronizing treatment on the surface of wear-resistant steel can both improve the hardness and abrasion resistance of the surface layer and reduce the difference between the hardness of the boride layer and substrate, which can also greatly improve the crush performance and effeciently prevent the occurrence of brittle and fragile boronizing layer in the service process. In this paper, a boride layer without impurities was fabricated on the surface of high strength wear resistant steel (HSWRS) by solid powder boronizing treatment. The boriding behaviors of the HSWRS sample, including phase composition, microstructure, micro-hardness, wear resistance and crushing performance were investigated in comparison with those of 45 carbon steel borided at 1050 °C for 5 h. The results showed that the treated HSWRS was covered by a homogeneous boride layer. The boride layer was mainly composeded of Fe2B, V2B3, CrB2, MC, M2C. The highest micro-hardness value of the boride layer was about 1525 HV and the hardness took on gradient distribution from the surface to the center, and finally reduced to the hardness of the substrate. Compared to the borided 45 carbon steel, the boriding samples exhibit a similar surface toughness, but improved crushing performance.
Study on Microstructure and Properties of Mechanical Vibration-Assisted MIG Welded Joint of Aluminium Alloy Car Body
Authors: Gou Weijie , Wang Lihong , Zhao Liquan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The aluminium alloy MIG welding of car body has problems such as joint softening and porosity in the weld, which directly affects the welding quality of the body structure. In this study, mechanical vibration was introduced into the aluminium alloy MIG welding process as an external excitation by improving the joint microstructure and performance of aluminum alloy MIG welding. In the research process, optical microscope and scanning electronic microscope were used to observe the microstructure of the joint, observe the size of grains, detect the number of pores, test hardness, take tensile test, and study the influence of frequency of external vibration excitation on weld forming, pore distribution, microstructure and mechanical properties. Studies have shown that mechanical vibration can effectively refine the weld grain, reduce the number of weld pores, increase the penetration depth, improve the strength and hardness of the joint, and improve the welding quality of aluminum alloy. And with the increase of vibration frequency, the grain size and number of pores of the weld gradually decrease, and the penetration depth and tensile strength and hardness of the joint gradually increase.
A worm-inspired robot based on origami structures driven by the magnetic field
Authors: Jin Yuchen , Li Jing , Liu Shiyang , Cao Gongqi , Liu Jianlin 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
With the rapid development of origami technology, worm-inspired origami robots have attracted tremendous interest owing to their colourful locomotion behaviours, such as creeping, rolling, climbing and obstacle crossing. In the present study, we aim to engineer a worm-inspired robot based on knitting process with paper, which could realize complicated functions associated large deformation and exquisite locomotion patterns. At first we fabricate the backbone of the robot by using the paper-knitting technique. The experiment shows that the backbone of the robot can endure significant deformation during the tension, compression and bending process, and this feature ensures it can achieve the desired targets of motion. Next, the magnetic forces and torques under the actuation of permanent magnets are analysed, which are just the driving forces of the robot. We then consider three formats of motion on the robot, i.e. the inchworm motion, the Omega motion, and the hybrid motion. Typical examples for the robot fulfil desired tasks are given, including sweeping obstacles, climbing the wall and delivering cargoes. Detailed theoretical analyses and numerical simulations are performed to illustrate these experimental phenomena. The results show that the developed origami robot is equipped with such characteristics as lightweight and great flexibility, which is sufficiently robust in various environments. These promising performances shed new light on design and fabrication of bio-inspired robots with good intelligence.
Phytoplankton responses to increasing Arctic river discharge under the present and future climate simulations
Authors: Park Jung Hyun , Kim Seong-Joong , Lim Hyung-Gyu , Kug Jong-Seong , Yang Eun Jin , Kim Baek-Min 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In recent decades, the unprecedented rate of Arctic warming has accelerated the high-latitude landmass hydrological cycle, leading to increased river discharge into the Arctic Ocean. This study elucidates the role of Arctic river discharge, which was the large model uncertainty in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 6, for the phytoplankton responses in present-day and future climate simulations by adding fresh water into the model. In the present-day climate simulation, additional river discharge decreases the spring phytoplankton biomass. Freshening of Arctic seawater facilitates freezing, increasing sea ice concentration in spring and eventually decreasing phytoplankton due to less availability of light. On the other hand, in the summer, phytoplankton increases due to the surplus of surface nitrate and the increase in the vertical mixing induced by the reduced summer sea ice melting water. In the future climate, the plankton response to the additional freshwater input is similar to the present-day climate. Nevertheless, the major phytoplankton responses are shifted from the Eurasian Basin to the Canada Basin and the East-Siberian Sea, mainly due to the marginal sea ice zone shift from the Barents-Kara Sea to the East Siberian-Chukchi Sea in the future.
Bundle theoretic descriptions of massless single-particle state spaces; how do we perceive a moving quantum particle
Authors: Lee Heon 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Recently, a bundle theoretic description of massive single-particle state spaces, which is better suited for Relativistic Quantum Information Theory than the ordinary Hilbert space description, has been suggested. However, the mathematical framework presented in that work does not apply to massless particles. It is because, unlike massive particles, massless particles cannot assume the zero momentum state and hence the mass shell associated with massless particles has non-trivial cohomology. To overcome this difficulty, this paper suggests a new framework that can be applied to massless particles. Applications to the cases of massless particles with spin-1 and 2, namely photon and graviton, will reveal that the field equations, the gauge conditions, and the gauge freedoms of Electromagnetism and General Relativity naturally arise as manifestations of an inertial observer’s perception of the internal quantum states of a photon and a graviton, respectively. Finally, we show that gauge freedom is exhibited by all massless particles, except those with spin-0 and 1/2.
Near-field formation of the UCA-based OAM EM fields and short-range EM power flux profiles
Authors: Ilić Andjelija Ž , Trajković Jelena Z , Savić Slobodan V , Ilić Milan M 
Published: May 2023

AbstractOrbital angular momentum (OAM) multiplexing is a recently considered solution for enhancing wireless and free-space optical communications channel capacity, whether implemented separately or in combination with existing multiplexing techniques. The theoretically infinite number of paraxially propagating and mutually orthogonal OAM modes is expected to increase the channel capacity. However, the orthogonality for different OAM modes has been shown to decrease for far link range distances, and the paraxiality of the OAM beams is not very good for small radiating sources. Based on the current knowledge, OAM beams are most likely to be used for short-range communications. Many models of the electromagnetic (EM) fields carrying the OAM neglect the fact that the OAM beam sources could be electrically large or introduce other approximations that are appropriate for far-field analysis only. An in-depth analysis of the short-range properties of OAM EM fields is still lacking. To address this problem, we propose the use of the infinitesimal (Hertz) dipole method customized for the analysis of the OAM EM fields. This technique can model the positioning and basic radiation properties of separate antennas or antenna sub-arrays that are the building blocks of OAM arrays exactly and efficiently. Similar modeling can represent the OAM sources for free-space optical communications. We focus here on the uniform circular antenna arrays and provide an in-depth analysis of what can and cannot be expected, in the best case, in their utilization. We assume low losses, which is a common assumption for many methods, except for computationally much more demanding full-wave simulations. The obtained results indicate the need to simultaneously optimize the transmission of all planned OAM modes and allow estimates of the link distances that could provide adequate OAM wave reception in various cases.
Experimental evaluation of daylighting performance and energy output of building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) panel in Bandung, Indonesia
Authors: Tresna D.N.A.T. , Hermawan I.M. , Mangkuto R.A. , Pradipta J. , Jamala N. , Paramita B. , Atthaillah  
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Building energy use contributes up to 40% of total global energy use and increases by 8-10% every five years, encouraging the development of technology-based renewable energy sources. Building-Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) is a potentially relevant application of integrated PV in buildings which, it provides electricity cost savings, and increases the architectural attractiveness of a building. In contrast to conventional PV installations on building roofs, vertical PV installations are significantly influenced by the building orientation and the transparency of the PV. Study and analysis were conducted to implement BIPV windows in tropical climates using experimental measurement methods in energy output and indoor daylighting in four cardinal directions. This research was done by modelling a simple 2 × 2 × 1 m3 room with a PV solar window glazing made of Monocrystalline silicon 105Wp, placed on the roof of CADL Building, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia, for four days. The measurement results indicate that South is the most recommended orientation for installing BIPV windows for tropical areas in Bandung with the performance indicators for energy output = 564 Wh, DA300 = 100%, UDI250-750 = 93%, UDI100-3000 = 100%, and UDI>3000 = 0%. In contrast, West and East orientations are not recommended because of the significant difference in energy output and illuminance in the morning and the afternoon.
Analysis of Thermal Environmental in Buildings with Water and Landscape Elements as Microclimate Modifiers in Hot and Humid Tropical Climates
Authors: Hamdy Muhammad Awaluddin , Hamzah Baharuddin , Wikantari Ria , Mulyadi Rosady 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Thermal conditions in buildings are influenced by climatic conditions and are determined by the thermal performance of the building itself. The thermal condition is caused by the transfer of heat flow between the environment and the building. This study aims to analyze the value of temperature, humidity, solar radiation, and wind speed with the presence of the water element as a modifier of the microclimate in the building as well as thermal comfort for the adaptation of visitor behavior. The research focus is on the water element and the sensation of the thermal environment with public building objects. Field research based on ASHRAE 55 2020 and ISO 7730 standards. Four environmental parameters were measured, namely temperature, humidity, solar radiation, and air velocity. Data were obtained through field measurements using quantitative methods through analysis of the Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) thermal comfort index, Predicted Percentage of Dissatisfied (PPD), and Standard Effective Temperature (SET). The data is processed using a statistical approach and then simulated with 2-dimensional numerical data using the Thermal Comfort Tool (CBE) software after which it is compared with the thermal comfort index. PMV, PPD, and SET are generated and refer to the ASHRAE 55-2020 standard. Meanwhile, the sensation of the thermal environment based on behavioral adaptation was analyzed based on the results of the questionnaire answers using the thermal sensation vote (TSV). The results show that the analysis of the thermal environment in the context of the microclimate in the building, thermal comfort as well as water and landscape elements are important potentials that can provide positive values, improve quality, and maintain microclimate stability at the building scale and regional scale and need to be controlled and taken action. adaptive in buildings such as setting water elements and ventilation systems in buildings to provide a passive cooling effect on buildings.
Optimizing Bamboo as an Alternative Building Material to Respond Global Architectural Challenges
Authors: Hildayanti Andi , Wasilah  
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Construction industry sector is allegedly second contributing to global warming. Use of non-renewable materials a certain period of time will be exhausted and effects to environmental damage. Indonesia is rich in natural resources, including building materials, it is necessary to make a breakthrough in the realm of architecture to compensate for building this phenomenon. One possessed abundant natural materials in Indonesia is bamboo, then the chance of this study will be explored in more depth about optimizing the use of bamboo. Bamboo is flexible and strong. Indonesia has abundant availability of bamboo material, but not many architects use this material in their building designs. Bamboo grows very quickly and can be used continuously, which does not have to be produced regularly. Bamboo should be an important consideration to become the main material for durable infrastructure. Application of ecological material which is fulfilment of aspects on concept green building into a topic that continues to be studied by researchers or practitioners. Bamboo meets criteria as an alternative to application of ecological materials. Various potentials of bamboo are good elements of strength, fast growing, low energy, and materials protecting the earth’s ecosystem including economic improvement. The bamboo constraint is getting undermined by the development of modern technology. Bamboo materials can be used as ecological materials with breakthroughs in terms of modernization of bamboo utilization in the industrial context. Bamboo sustainable with happening of harmony of bamboo raw materials with culture to the current of technological progress. In order to reduce the effects of global warming and sustainable ecosystem for the future generations.