bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Role of Journal Editors in Implementing Equity-Focused Research
Authors: Thoma Colleen A. , Scott LaRon A. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We respond to the recommendations made by Kover and Abbeduto in their article, “Toward Equity in Research on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities,” through the discussion of what journal editors should be considering in advancing equitable processes for research with individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD). We provide practical suggestions from our experience as co-editors in promoting diversity in research partnerships with people with IDD.
Predictors of intensive care unit admission in adult cancer patients presenting to the emergency department with COVID-19 infection: A retrospective study
Authors: El Zahran Tharwat , Kalot Nour , Cheaito Rola , Khalifeh Malak , Estelly Natalie , El Majzoub Imad 
Published: August 2023

Background
Adult cancer patients with COVID-19 were shown to be at higher risk of Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission. Previously published prediction models showed controversy and enforced the importance of heterogeneity among different populations studied. Therefore, this study aimed to identify predictors of ICU admission (demographic, clinical, and COVID-19 targeted medications) in cancer patients with active COVID-19 infection presenting to the Emergency Department (ED).

Methods
This is a retrospective cohort study. It was conducted on adult cancer patients older than 18 years who presented to the American University of Beirut Medical Center ED from February 21, 2020, till February 21, 2021, and were found to have COVID-19 infection. Relevant data were extracted from electronic medical records. The association between different variables and ICU admission was tested. Logistic regression was done to adjust for confounding variables. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered significant.

Results
Eighty-nine distinct patients were included. About 37% were admitted to the ICU (n = 33). Higher ICU admission was seen in patients who had received chemotherapy within one month, had a respiratory rate at triage above 22 breaths per minute, oxygen saturation less than 95%, and a higher c-reactive protein upon presentation to the ED. After adjusting for confounding variables, only recent chemotherapy and higher respiratory rate at triage were significantly associated with ICU admission.

Conclusion
Physicians need to be vigilant when taking care of COVID-19 infected cancer patients. Patients who are tachypneic at presentation and those who have had chemotherapy within one month are at high risk for ICU admission.
ChatGPT versus human in generating medical graduate exam multiple choice questions—A multinational prospective study (Hong Kong S.A.R., Singapore, Ireland, and the United Kingdom)
Authors: Cheung Billy Ho Hung , Lau Gary Kui Kai , Wong Gordon Tin Chun , Lee Elaine Yuen Phin , Kulkarni Dhananjay , Seow Choon Sheong , Wong Ruby , Co Michael Tiong-Hong 
Published: August 2023

Introduction
Large language models, in particular ChatGPT, have showcased remarkable language processing capabilities. Given the substantial workload of university medical staff, this study aims to assess the quality of multiple-choice questions (MCQs) produced by ChatGPT for use in graduate medical examinations, compared to questions written by university professoriate staffs based on standard medical textbooks.

Methods
50 MCQs were generated by ChatGPT with reference to two standard undergraduate medical textbooks (Harrison’s, and Bailey & Love’s). Another 50 MCQs were drafted by two university professoriate staff using the same medical textbooks. All 100 MCQ were individually numbered, randomized and sent to five independent international assessors for MCQ quality assessment using a standardized assessment score on five assessment domains, namely, appropriateness of the question, clarity and specificity, relevance, discriminative power of alternatives, and suitability for medical graduate examination.

Results
The total time required for ChatGPT to create the 50 questions was 20 minutes 25 seconds, while it took two human examiners a total of 211 minutes 33 seconds to draft the 50 questions. When a comparison of the mean score was made between the questions constructed by A.I. with those drafted by humans, only in the relevance domain that the A.I. was inferior to humans (A.I.: 7.56 +/- 0.94 vs human: 7.88 +/- 0.52; p = 0.04). There was no significant difference in question quality between questions drafted by A.I. versus humans, in the total assessment score as well as in other domains. Questions generated by A.I. yielded a wider range of scores, while those created by humans were consistent and within a narrower range.

Conclusion
ChatGPT has the potential to generate comparable-quality MCQs for medical graduate examinations within a significantly shorter time.
Implementation of a care-pathway at the emergency department for older people presenting with nonspecific complaints; a protocol for a multicenter parallel cohort study
Authors: van der Velde M. G. A. M. , Jansen M. A. C. , de Jongh M. A. C. , Kremers M. N. T. , Haak H. R. 
Published: August 2023

Background
Older adults frequently attend the Emergency Department (ED) with poorly defined symptoms, often called nonspecific complaints (NSC). NSC such as ‘weakness’ and ‘not feeling well’, often lead to an extensive differential diagnosis. Patients with NSC experience a prolonged length of stay at the ED and are prone to adverse outcomes. Currently, a care pathway for patients with NSC does not exist. A special structured care pathway for patients with NSC was designed to improve the efficiency and quality of care at the ED.

Method
A multicenter parallel cohort study, organized in different hospitals in the Noord-Brabant area, the Netherlands, in which general practitioners (GP), elderly care physicians (ECP), Emergency Physicians (EP), geriatricians and internists will collaborate. Patients ≥ 70 years presenting with NSC and in need of ED admission as indicated by their own GP or ECP are eligible for inclusion. Before implementation each hospital will retrospectively include their own control-group. After implementation, patients will prospectively be included. The care-pathway exists of risk stratification by the APOP-screener, in-depth history taking, i.e. limited comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) and a standard set of diagnostics, and a dedicated ED-nurse (if possible) present to ensure the care-pathway is followed. The primary outcome is length of stay at the ED (LOS-ED) and perceived quality of care. Secondary outcomes are hospital length of stay, revisits, readmissions and mortality at 30- and 90-day follow-up.

Discussion
This study proposes a structured care pathway for older patients presenting at the ED with NSCs and considering effectiveness and perceived quality this may improve acute care for these patients.

Trial registration
Dutch Trial register, number NL8960.
Non-1st seizure was less severe than 1st seizure with non-urgent level among suspected seizures transferred by ambulance
Authors: Asano Yotaro , Fujimoto Ayataka , Hatano Keisuke , Sato Keishiro , Atsumi Takahiro , Enoki Hideo , Okanishi Tohru 
Published: August 2023

Background
To prioritize emergency medical calls for ambulance transport for patients with suspected seizures, information about whether the event is their 1st or non-1st seizure is important. However, little is known about the difference between 1st and non-1st seizures in terms of severity. We hypothesized that patients transferred multiple times (≥2 times) would represent a milder scenario than patients on their first transfer. The purpose of this study was to compare patients with suspected seizures on 1st transfer by ambulance and patients who had been transferred ≥2 times.

Methods
We statistically compared severity of suspected seizures between two groups of patients with suspected seizures transferred between December 2014 and November 2019 (before the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic) to our facility by ambulance for either the first time (1st Group) or at least the second time (Non-1st Group). Severity categories were defined as: Level 1 = life-threatening; Level 2 = emergent, needing admission to the intensive care unit; Level 3 = urgent, needing admission to a hospital general ward; Level 4 = less urgent, needing intervention but not hospitalization; and Level 5 = non-urgent, not needing intervention.

Results
Among 5996 patients with suspected seizures conveyed to the emergency department by ambulance a total of 14,263 times during the study period, 1222 times (8.6%) and 636 patients (11%) met the criteria. Severity grade of suspected seizures ranged from 1 to 5 (median, 4; interquartile range, 3–4) for the 1st Group and from 1 to 5 (median, 5; interquartile range, 4–5) for the Non-1st Group. Most severe grade ranged from 1 to 5 (median, 4; interquartile range, 4–5) for the Non-1st Group. Severity grade differed significantly between groups (p < 0.001, Mann–Whitney U-test). Uni- and multivariate logistic regression tests also suggested a significant difference (p < 0.001) in severity grades.

Conclusion
In direct comparisons, grade of suspected seizure severity was lower in the Non-1st Group than in the 1st Group.
An application of cleaner production principles in a Pasta maker
Authors: Diaz Estela Maria Perez , Chang Edward , Martins Wendy Peixoto , Romeiro Filho Eduardo 
Published: August 2023

This study was carried out in a large food company located in the northeast from Minas Gerais, Brazil, where Cleaner Production was applied mainly aiming at reduction of waste generation at source (level 1) during mass production. The methodology used was the case study, starting with the environmental diagnosis, which identified a company's reactive posture in relation to the environmental aspect, aimed mainly at compliance with legislation (although elements of change to a proactive posture). A gap in the Company's environmental management was also identified with regarding the requirements of the ISO 14001 model, in the implementation and certification of the ISO series 14000. The Cleaner Production program also contributes to this issue, allows the company to use its resources more efficiently, reducing and/or eliminating waste and being more responsible to society and the environment.
Młodzież – tożsamość – środowisko – casus Śląska Cieszyńskiego
Authors: Szczurek-Boruta Alicja 
Published: August 2023

Podjęta w artykule narracja sytuuje się w pedagogice młodzieży, w nurcie rozważań nad młodzieżą jako podmiotem prospektywnych zmian, w pedagogice społecznej i pedagogice międzykulturowej. Ramę teoretyczną prowadzonych rozważań stanowi konstruktywizm – i jego podstawowa teza, że tożsamość jest konstruowana w procesie socjalizacji pierwotnej i wtórnej.
Autor odwołuje się do gromadzonego przez ponad trzydzieści lat materiału badawczego dotyczącego formowania się tożsamości młodzieży żyjącej na Śląsku Cieszyńskim i uwarunkowań tego procesu. Zastosowano schemat badań porównawczych podłużnych, strategię badań sekwencyjnych, badania ukośne, ilościowe.
Rezultaty przywoływanych badań młodzieży przeprowadzonych w latach 1990-2022 to zapis przemian społeczno-cywilizacyjnych, które swym oddziaływaniem objęły społeczność Śląska Cieszyńskiego, to też zapis stanu współczesnego.
Wyniki przedstawionych badań wskazują na falowanie poglądów i deklaracji młodzieży zakresie identyfikacji, dają podstawę do przypuszczeń, że dzisiejsza młodzież ze Śląska Cieszyńskiego deklaruje i odczuwa tożsamość wielowymiarową (harmonijnie łączącą wymiar lokalny, narodowy, europejski, globalny) znacznie wyraźniej aniżeli jej starsi rówieśnicy. Oczywiście powyższą, w zasadzie propozycję twierdzenia empirycznego, należy potraktować w kategoriach (bardzo wstępnie) zweryfikowanej hipotezy, wymagającej rzetelnych reprezentatywnych badań porównawczych, podłużnych na różnych pograniczach (dla ustalenia, czy stwierdzone prawidłowości mają walor ogólny), także badań o zasięgu ogólnopolskim.
Uzyskany wynik pozwala przypuszczać, że badani młodzi ludzie mogą lepiej radzić sobie w przyszłości (np. na rynku pracy), z większą wrażliwością wchodzić w relacje międzyludzkie, świadomie (re)konstruować środowisko lokalne, kraj i świat, odpowiedzialnie podchodzić do swoich działań i ich konsekwencji.
Lipopolysaccharide-Induced TRPA1 Upregulation in Trigeminal Neurons is Dependent on TLR4 and Vesicular Exocytosis
Authors: Michot Benoit , Casey Sharon M. , Lee Caroline S. , Erdogan Ozge , Basu Himanish , Chiu Isaac , Gibbs Jennifer L. 
Published: August 2023

Pain from bacterial infection was believed to be the consequence of inflammation induced by bacterial products. However recent studies have shown that bacterial products can directly activate sensory neurons and induce pain. The mechanisms by which bacteria induce pain are poorly understood, but toll-like receptor (TLR)4 and transient receptor potential A1 (TRPA1) receptors are likely important integrators of pain signaling induced by bacteria. Using male and female mice we show that sensory neuron activation by bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) is mediated by both TRPA1 and TLR4 and involves the mobilization of extracellular and intracellular calcium. We also show that LPS induces neuronal sensitization in a process dependent on TLR4 receptors. Moreover, we show that TLR4 and TRPA1 are both involved in sensory neurons response to LPS stimulation. Activation of TLR4 in a subset of sensory neurons induces TRPA1 upregulation at the cell membrane through vesicular exocytosis, contributing to the initiation of neuronal sensitization and pain. Collectively these data highlight the importance of sensory neurons to pathogen detection, and their activation by bacterial products like LPS as potentially important to early immune and nociceptive responses.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTBacterial infections are often painful and the recent discovery that bacteria can directly stimulate sensory neurons leading to pain sensation and modulation of immune system have highlighted the importance of nervous system in the response to bacterial infection. Here, we showed that lipopolysaccharide, a major bacterial by-product, requires both toll-like receptor (TLR)4 and transient receptor potential A1 (TRPA1) receptors for neuronal activation and acute spontaneous pain, but only TLR4 mediates sensory neurons sensitization. Moreover, we showed for the first time that TLR4 sensitize sensory neurons through a rapid upregulation of TRPA1 via vesicular exocytosis. Our data highlight the importance of sensory neurons to pathogen detection and suggests that TLR4 would be a potential therapeutic target to modulate early stage of bacteria-induced pain and immune response.
Whole-Brain Deactivations Precede Uninduced Mind-Blanking Reports
Authors: Boulakis Paradeisios Alexandros , Mortaheb Sepehr , van Calster Laurens , Majerus Steve , Demertzi Athena 
Published: August 2023

Mind-blanking (MB) is termed as the inability to report our immediate-past mental content. In contrast to mental states with reportable content, such as mind-wandering or sensory perceptions, the neural correlates of MB started getting elucidated only recently. A notable particularity that pertains to MB studies is the way MB is instructed for reporting, like by deliberately asking participants to “empty their minds.” Such instructions were shown to induce fMRI activations in frontal brain regions, typically associated with metacognition and self-evaluative processes, suggesting that MB may be a result of intentional mental content suppression. Here, we aim at examining this hypothesis by determining the neural correlates of MB without induction. Using fMRI combined with experience-sampling in 31 participants (22 female), univariate analysis of MB reports revealed deactivations in occipital, frontal, parietal, and thalamic areas, but no activations in prefrontal regions. These findings were confirmed using Bayesian region-of-interest analysis on areas previously shown to be implicated in induced MB, where we report evidence for frontal deactivations during MB reports compared with other mental states. Contrast analysis between reports of MB and content-oriented mental states also revealed deactivations in the left angular gyrus. We propose that these effects characterize a neuronal profile of MB, where key thalamocortical nodes are unable to communicate and formulate reportable content. Collectively, we show that study instructions for MB lead to differential neural activation. These results provide mechanistic insights linked to the phenomenology of MB and point to the possibility of MB being expressed in different forms.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThis study explores how brain activity changes when individuals report unidentifiable thoughts, a phenomenon known as mind-blanking (MB). It aims to detect changes in brain activations and deactivations when MB is reported spontaneously, as opposed to the neural responses that have been previously reported when MB is induced. By means of brain imaging and experience-sampling, the study points to reduced brain activity in a wide number of regions, including those mesio-frontally which were previously detected as activated during induced MB. These results enhance our understanding of the complexity of spontaneous thinking and contribute to broader discussions on consciousness and reportable experience.
Changes in adenoviral chromatin organization precede early gene activation upon infection
Authors: Schwartz Uwe , Komatsu Tetsuro , Huber Claudia , Lagadec Floriane , Baumgartl Conradin , Silberhorn Elisabeth , Nuetzel Margit , Rayne Fabienne , Basyuk Eugenia , Bertrand Edouard , Rehli Michael , Wodrich Harald , Laengst Gernot 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWithin the virion, adenovirus DNA associates with the virus‐encoded, protamine‐like structural protein pVII. Whether this association is organized, and how genome packaging changes during infection and subsequent transcriptional activation is currently unclear. Here, we combined RNA‐seq, MNase‐seq, ChIP‐seq, and single genome imaging during early adenovirus infection to unveil the structure‐ and time‐resolved dynamics of viral chromatin changes as well as their correlation with gene transcription. Our MNase mapping data indicates that the adenoviral genome is arranged in precisely positioned nucleoprotein particles with nucleosome‐like characteristics, that we term adenosomes. We identified 238 adenosomes that are positioned by a DNA sequence code and protect about 60–70 bp of DNA. The incoming adenoviral genome is more accessible at early gene loci that undergo additional chromatin de‐condensation upon infection. Histone H3.3 containing nucleosomes specifically replaces pVII at distinct genomic sites and at the transcription start sites of early genes. Acetylation of H3.3 is predominant at the transcription start sites and precedes transcriptional activation. Based on our results, we propose a central role for the viral pVII nucleoprotein architecture, which is required for the dynamic structural changes during early infection, including the regulation of nucleosome assembly prior to transcription initiation. Our study thus may aid the rational development of recombinant adenoviral vectors exhibiting sustained expression in gene therapy.
HDAC6 deacetylates IDH1 to promote the homeostasis of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells
Authors: Yang Jia , Liu Yang , Yin Hanxiao , Xie Songbo , Zhang Linlin , Dong Xifeng , Ni Hua , Bu Weiwen , Ma Hongbo , Liu Peng , Zhu Haiyan , Guo Rongxia , Sun Lei , Wu Yue , Qin Juan , Sun Baofa , Li Dengwen , Luo Hongbo R , Liu Min , Xuan Chenghao , Zhou Jun 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) are cells mainly present in the bone marrow and capable of forming mature blood cells. However, the epigenetic mechanisms governing the homeostasis of HSPCs remain elusive. Here, we demonstrate an important role for histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) in regulating this process. Our data show that the percentage of HSPCs in Hdac6 knockout mice is lower than in wild‐type mice due to decreased HSPC proliferation. HDAC6 interacts with isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) and deacetylates IDH1 at lysine 233. The deacetylation of IDH1 inhibits its catalytic activity and thereby decreases the 5‐hydroxymethylcytosine level of ten‐eleven translocation 2 (TET2) target genes, changing gene expression patterns to promote the proliferation of HSPCs. These findings uncover a role for HDAC6 and IDH1 in regulating the homeostasis of HSPCs and may have implications for the treatment of hematological diseases.
Mapping temperature‐sensitive mutations at a genome scale to engineer growth switches in Escherichia coli
Authors: Schramm Thorben , Lubrano Paul , Pahl Vanessa , Stadelmann Amelie , Verhülsdonk Andreas , Link Hannes 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTemperature‐sensitive (TS) mutants are a unique tool to perturb and engineer cellular systems. Here, we constructed a CRISPR library with 15,120 Escherichia coli mutants, each with a single amino acid change in one of 346 essential proteins. 1,269 of these mutants showed temperature‐sensitive growth in a time‐resolved competition assay. We reconstructed 94 TS mutants and measured their metabolism under growth arrest at 42°C using metabolomics. Metabolome changes were strong and mutant‐specific, showing that metabolism of nongrowing E. coli is perturbation‐dependent. For example, 24 TS mutants of metabolic enzymes overproduced the direct substrate metabolite due to a bottleneck in their associated pathway. A strain with TS homoserine kinase (ThrBF267D) produced homoserine for 24 h, and production was tunable by temperature. Finally, we used a TS subunit of DNA polymerase III (DnaXL289Q) to decouple growth from arginine overproduction in engineered E. coli. These results provide a strategy to identify TS mutants en masse and demonstrate their large potential to produce bacterial metabolites with nongrowing cells.
Google Docs in English for Business Purposes courses: The exploration of students’ acceptance
Authors: Susilawati Susilawati , Fajriah Yustika Nur , Yunita Sri 
Published: August 2023

serving as the foundation for reflection on learning, including in classes of EBP (English for Business Purposes) as a branch of ESP (English for Specific Purposes). The recent study aims at exploring EBP students’ acceptance of the use of Google Docs as a learning platform in their class using the framework of TAM (Technology Acceptance Model). A qualitative case study was adopted by administering an open-ended questionnaire and a structured-group interview. The participants involved were one class of EBP students consisting of 18 persons at one private university in Depok, West Java, Indonesia. The findings revealed that most of the students positively accept the use of Google Docs in their EBP writing class. Particularly, based on PU (Perceived Usefulness), the students viewed that Google Docs gives them assistance to write and improve their writing skills. In the view of PEU (Perceived Ease of Use), Google Docs has been seen as a user-friendly platform. The students also evinced a fine attitude in terms of ATT (Attitude Towards Technology). In the aspect of BI (Behavioral Intention), most students highlighted their preference for the use of Google Docs in the future, both for academic and professional purposes. Recommendations for ESP instructional practices with the utilization of Google Docs and potential research in the future are forwarded.