bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improving the scientific methodological approach to determining the appropriate type of reservation of a reconnaissance fire system
Authors: Maistrenko Oleksandr , Stetsiv Stanislav , Savelіev Andrii , Petushkov Volodymyr , Kornienko Alexander , Pechorin Oleksandr , Stehura Serhii , Radivilov Oleksandr , Pochynok Serhii 
Published: May 2023

The object of this study is the process of choosing the appropriate types of reservation of reconnaissance fire systems under the conditions of performing a combat mission.
The problem that was solved is the unsuitability of existing scientific and methodological apparatus to substantiate the appropriate type of reservation for reconnaissance and fire systems under specific conditions for performing a combat mission.
Possible types of reservation of reconnaissance fire systems have been analyzed. Based on the results of the analysis, appropriate types of reservation were established, in particular, active, unactive, majoritarian sliding, distributed, for subsystems, as well as general reservation.
A feature of this analysis is that it was carried out taking into account the peculiarities of the functioning of reconnaissance and fire systems. This makes it possible to eliminate existing problem associated with the complexity of the use of reconnaissance and fire systems in a combat event.
The scope of practical use of the results of the proposed analysis is the management processes associated with the creation, layout, and use of reconnaissance and fire systems in military administration bodies.
A methodology for determining the appropriate type of reservation of reconnaissance fire systems has been devised.
A feature of the proposed procedure is the choice of such a type of reservation that makes it possible to save the resource of elements, provided that the task is completed. The proposed methodology ensures an increase in the stability of the functioning of reconnaissance and fire systems by an average of 20 % for the conditions adopted within the limits of the example. The proposed methodology closes the problem part, which concerns the procedure and rules for choosing the appropriate type of reservation.
The scope and conditions for the practical use of the proposed methodology are management processes related to the planning and determination of the projected effectiveness of hostilities by military authorities
Development of a technology to produce titanium powder with a low carbon footprint
Authors: Gonchar Andrii , Troshchylo Viktor , Brodskyy Andriy , Yarovynskyi Volodymyr , Chukhmanov Oleksandr 
Published: May 2023

This paper reports the analysis of modern technologies for the production of titanium from oxide raw materials. It has been established that current industrial methods for producing titanium require the use of carbon as a reducing agent and, accordingly, cannot decrease carbon emissions without changing the technology. That is why devising a technology for producing titanium with a reduction in emissions of carbon components is a relevant task. So, the object of research is the technology of obtaining titanium from its oxide without the use of carbon components. It was found that an integrated approach to the preparation of raw materials and the separation of reduction processes with the successive use of two types of reducing agents – magnesium and calcium, made it possible to create an effective process for producing titanium without the use of carbon reducing agents. The influence of calcium and magnesium chlorides as promoters of the reduction process was revealed. Experimental studies have established that the shape and density of raw materials significantly affect the efficiency of the reduction process by streamlining the reducing agent flows and reaction products in the furnace charge. The established regularities made it possible to improve the process of reduction of titanium oxide to obtain samples of titanium powders with an oxygen content of 0.17 %, which corresponds to international standards for titanium alloys and powders. Additional plasma treatment made it possible to obtain materials that were suitable for additive processes in all respects. A systematic approach to the utilization of reaction products made it possible to devise a technological scheme in which all possible waste is either returned to the technological process after treatment or processed into marketable products. Based on the results of the study, a technological scheme for obtaining powders of titanium alloys from titanium oxide by complex reduction in two stages – magnesium and calcium – was developed. The proposed scheme involves standard metallurgical processes and is brought to standard processes and equipment of metallurgical enterprises and chemical industry.
In terms of practical significance, the results of this work could be used in the development of industrial technology to produce titanium from titanium dioxide without the use of carbon components.
Identifying regularities of high temperature on constant and variable fatigue life of AA7075-Al2O3 nanocomposite fabricated by stir casting method
Authors: Mohamed Muzher Taha , Helal Rawa A. , Nawi Sami A. , Alalkawi Hussain Jasim , Al-rubaiy Ahmed AAG 
Published: May 2023

This study aims to determine the effect of high temperature on the fatigue life of AA7075-Al2O3 nanocomposites (6 wt % Al2O3) fabricated by stir casting. The research problem is to determine the durability, fatigue resistance, and mechanical properties of the nanocomposite under constant and variable loading conditions at elevated temperatures, as well as to identify changes in its behavior due to exposure to high temperatures. The results show that higher temperatures have a big effect on the nanocomposite's fatigue performance under both loading conditions. When the material was tested at a high temperature (150 °C) with an extra 6 wt % Al2O3, the ultimate tensile strength and yield stress both went up by 16 % and 15.7 %, respectively. Its fatigue life was also successfully tested under both variable and constant amplitude load conditions. The interpretation of the results suggests that the changes in the microstructure of the nanocomposite material at elevated temperatures lead to an increase in dislocation density and grain size, resulting in an improvement in its mechanical properties. The findings can be utilized to optimize the nanocomposite fabrication process and enhance its fatigue resistance at high temperatures. In addition, the results can be used to enhance the design of aerospace components and high-temperature engines that require materials with excellent fatigue resistance at elevated temperatures. In summary, the investigation of the effect of high temperature on the constant and variable fatigue lives of AA7075-Al2O3 nanocomposite provides valuable insight into the material's mechanical properties. The findings contribute to the development of materials that can withstand high-temperature conditions, which has implications for a variety of industries.
Devising a recipe for muffins with pumpkin paste
Authors: Liubych Vitalii , Novikov Volodymyr , Zheliezna Valeriia , Koval Halyna , Tryhub Oleh , Belinska Svitlana , Tverdokhlib Olena , Honcharuk Yuliia , Kolibabchuk Tetyana , Pykalo Serhii 
Published: May 2023

The object of this research is the production technology of muffins with pumpkin paste. The task was to enrich muffins with pumpkin paste.
The influence of different amounts of pumpkin paste on the physicochemical and sensory parameters of muffins was investigated. It has been established that the addition of pumpkin paste reliably (p≤0.05) increases the content of vitamin A (RAE), as well as indicators of integrated score, baking, shrinkage, and moisture content of the muffin. The volume of muffins is significantly reduced by adding 10–50 % of pumpkin paste. This trend is due to the high humidity of pumpkin paste.
Owing to a sociological survey, it was determined that most respondents (55 %) liked muffins whose content of pumpkin paste was 15–20 %. It should be noted that 30 % of respondents liked muffins whose content of pumpkin paste was 25–30 %. This trend is due to the fact that the smell and taste of pumpkin in a muffin with the addition of 15–20 % of pumpkin paste is leveled by aromatic compounds. Increasing the amount of pumpkin paste to 25–30 % determines the average level of pumpkin sensory sensation.
In the technology of muffin production, it is optimal to add 15–20 % of pumpkin paste. According to this formulation, the integrated score of vitamin A (RAE) is 21–23 %, humidity – 22.9–25.9 %, baking shrinkage – 8.9–10.0 %, shrinkage due to drying – 2.1–2.2 %, volume – 166–177 cm3/100 g of dough. The porosity is 7–9 points, surface color - light brown, crumb color – yellow, crumb consistency – soft, pumpkin taste level – weak or absent (7.0–8.3 points).
A distinctive feature of the results is the differentiated use of pumpkin paste in the muffin recipe. Based on the survey, it was established that the amount of pumpkin paste could be 15–20 % and 25–30 %.
The devised recommendations can be used by confectionery enterprises of low productivity during the production of muffins.
Determining a flow structure in the region of local obstacles of different types taking into account the hydrodynamic conditions for entering the initial section
Authors: Nosko Serhii , Kostiuk Dmytro , Haletskyi Oleksandr , Nochnichenko Ihor 
Published: May 2023

This paper investigates the influence of hydrodynamic conditions for entering the initial section of the channel located after local obstacles of various types. It is shown that the head losses in the valves and bends of pipelines and in various control elements can be several times higher than those in straight sections of the pipeline. It was established that the assumption about the rectangular shape of the velocity diagram at the entrance to the hydrodynamic initial section does not correspond to the flow pattern in real channels of technological equipment. It is proved that with the manifestation of inertia forces in the flow at the initial section of the channel, hydrodynamic energy losses usually increase, velocity and stress fields are significantly deformed. Given this, it seemed expedient to conduct a study into the processes of flow of viscous liquids in the initial section, located after local obstacles of various types. Experimental and analytical studies have confirmed that there is a significant influence of boundary conditions at the entrance to the initial section on the formation of velocity diagrams and energy loss along its length. The analytical-numerical solution to the system of differential equations describing such flow is given. While solving, the system of equations, by appropriate transformations, takes the form of a nonlinear integral-differential equation. This makes it possible to obtain correct dependences for determining the length of the velocity distribution and energy loss in the investigated section of the channel. The results of calculations of velocity fields in the region of local obstacles agree well with known ideas of the flow pattern, which is observed in physical experiments and the results of analytical solutions. The quantitative difference in results ranges within 12–20 % depending on the Reynolds number. Thus, there is reason to assert that the results of studies reported here could be the basis for devising a procedure of hydrodynamic calculation aimed at structural and operational improvement of existing and designed technological equipment.
Design of a fuzzy distance relay taking into consideration the impact of using a unified power flow controller
Authors: Alsammak Ahmed Nasser B. , Al-Kaoaz Hiba Nadhim A 
Published: May 2023

The compact design of a fuzzy distance relay, which includes its impact on using a unified power flow controller in a power system, has been adopted as the object of the study. Traditional power system grids have increasingly widely used flexible alternating current transmission system devices in recent years to increase power system stability when faults, unbalance, and sudden changes in load occur. This plays a role in improving power quality, power factor corrections, and power flow control. A unified power flow controller is one of these devices that is most used, popular and meets these benefits, but it simultaneously gives a different change in the apparent impedance of the protection system due to its design. To overcome these issues, the proposed novel design of a fuzzy distance relay is made with the assistance of MATLAB® Simulink and Neuro-Fuzzy Designer. The proposed design work was divided into three parts, the first without fault and the second one including four scenarios without using and using a unified power flow controller in different transmission line locations. The design was carried out in the third part after collecting all input-output data sets. This paper offers an efficient design method, which depends on the input value of the observed apparent impedance, also known as resistance (R), and reactance (X). The output is a trip signal to the circuit breaker when a fault occurs. The advantages of the proposed design are a fast-clearing time of 1.42 ms, and working when utilizing a unified power flow controller in different locations; the results show a fast clearing although the long impedance trajectory for some cases. The fast fault clearing will make the system more stable and overcome the maloperation of the distance relay
Improving a method for segmenting optical-electronic images acquired from space observation systems based on the firefly algorithm
Authors: Khudov Hennadii , Makoveichuk Oleksandr , Khudov Vladyslav , Khizhnyak Irina , Dobryshkin Yurii , Kondratov Oleksandr , Andronov Vitalii , Balyk Ivan , Uvarova Tetiana , Kalenyk Maksym 
Published: May 2023

The object of research is the process of segmentation of optoelectronic images acquired from space observation systems. The method of segmentation of optoelectronic images acquired from space observation systems based on the firefly algorithm, unlike known ones, involves the following:
– the pre-selection of brightness channels of the Red-Green-Blue color space in the original image;
– calculation of the level of luminosity for each firefly;
– assigning each firefly with the neighboring firefly, within a certain radius, whose level of luminosity is higher than the natural level of luminosity of the firefly;
– determination of the coordinate of the updated position of the firefly in each brightness channel.
An experimental study into the segmentation of optoelectronic images acquired from space observation systems based on the firefly algorithm was carried out. It is established that the improved segmentation method based on the firefly algorithm allows for the segmentation of optoelectronic images acquired from space observation systems.
The quality of segmentation of optoelectronic images by the method based on the firefly algorithm was evaluated in comparison with methods based on the particle swarm algorithm and the Sine-Cosine algorithm. It was found that the improved method based on the firefly algorithm reduces the segmentation error of the first kind by an average of 11 % and the segmentation error of the second kind by an average of 9 %. This becomes possible by using the firefly algorithm.
Methods of image segmentation can be implemented in software and hardware systems for processing optoelectronic images acquired from space surveillance systems.
Further studies may focus on comparing the quality of segmentation method based on the firefly algorithm with segmentation methods based on genetic algorithms.
Production of physiologically complete drinking water using modified reverse osmosis membrane elements
Authors: Tyvonenko Artem , Mitchenko Tetiana , Homaniuk Oleksii , Vasilyuk Sergey , Kosogina Iryna , Mudryk Rostyslav 
Published: May 2023

Drinking water prepared using the most effective and popular reverse osmosis method is absolutely safe but for the most part does not meet the requirements for physiologically complete water. The latter must meet, in addition to the basic requirements, the following requirements: salt content, at least 100, and not more than 1000 mg/dm3; total hardness; in the range of 1–7.0 mmol/dm3. Now, to fulfill these requirements, the stage after desalting employs various methods of domineralization of reverse osmosis water, each of which has certain disadvantages.
This paper considers the task of obtaining safe physiologically complete water immediately after the stage of membrane desalting by using modified reverse osmosis membrane elements with the predefined selectivity. The study object was the process of obtaining reverse osmosis membrane elements with the predefined selectivity by modifying them with sodium hypochlorite solution for use in the process of obtaining physiologically complete drinking water.
The required level of selectivity of modified elements was calculated to obtain safe physiologically complete water from starting water, depending on its salt content. Thus, for the starting water with a salt content of 200–300 mg/dm3, the specified selectivity of the membrane element should be no more than 60 % at a temperature of 25 °C. Rational conditions for conducting the modification process for obtaining a membrane element with such exact selectivity have been established. The nature of the influence of changes in water temperature on the selectivity of the modified element was studied.
A prototype of the modified element was tested in a vending machine for pouring water, which purified tap water in the city of Kyiv, with a salt content of 230 mg/dm3 at a temperature of 8–12 °C. The test results showed the possibility of one-stage obtaining safe physiologically complete water by reverse osmosis using a modified membrane element with the predefined selectivity of 50 %.
Revealing the influence of structural and operational parameters of a hydrostatic bearing in a gear-type fuel pump on its main characteristics
Authors: Nazin Vladimir 
Published: May 2023

The object of this study is hydrostatic processes in the sliding supports of gear-type fuel pumps.
The problem solved was the influence of the structural and operational parameters of hydrostatic bearings of the fuel pump on their static characteristics. The carrying capacity and consumption of the lubricant were considered as static characteristics. The characterization was based on the function of distributing the pressure in the lubricant layer. It was determined from the joint solution of the Reynolds equations and the balance of costs. The carrying capacity of the bearing was determined by the numerical integration of the pressure distribution function in the lubricant layer. The lubricant consumption was determined by the calculated pressures in the chambers. Variants of the working surface of the bearing with two and three carrying chambers were considered. Due to the fact that the load in the pump acts in one direction during operation, the scheme of the working surface of the bearing with two carrying chambers was adopted. The fluid consumption of such a bearing was less compared to a bearing with three carrying chambers. One of the parameters that significantly affect the carrying capacity of the bearing is the diameter of the nozzle installed at the inlet to the chambers.
It has been established that the dependence of the carrying capacity of a hydrostatic bearing on the diameter of the nozzle is nonlinear. With an increase in the diameter of the nozzle from 1 mm to 2.3 mm, the carrying capacity of the bearing increased by about 2.83 times. The extraction of fuel for the operation of the hydrostatic bearing was 1 % of the fuel pumped by the pump.
The results make it possible to recommend hydrostatic bearings as shaft supports for gear-type fuel pumps and can be used for practical calculations
Analysis of technological possibilities of N‒O‒C‒H system arc plasma in surface engineering processes
Authors: Pashchenko Valeriy 
Published: May 2023

The object of this study was the substances that could be used to generate arc plasma. Conventional and promising plasma media were analyzed in order to identify the most universal one in terms of a set of properties for efficient energy transfer of material. It is shown that the mean-enthalpy media have a harmonious ratio of temperature and enthalpy and could provide a change in the energy state of the processed material with maximum efficiency. It is established that the most universal set of properties is demonstrated by the medium enthalpy plasma of the N‒O‒C‒H system. The use of mixtures of air with hydrocarbons for its generation makes it possible to reach the average mass temperature of (5...7)·103 K and change the oxidative-reducing potential of the plasma medium over a wide range. Given this, heat treatment is possible with maximum preservation of the original composition of the material. Experimental studies of plasma flows of the N‒O‒C‒H system confirmed the presence of reducing components capable of binding oxygen to air that is sucked into the jet. On rich mixtures, the oxygen content in the jet at a distance of 100 mm does not exceed 5 %.
The positive effect of combined energy input into plasma-forming substance on the process of generation and formation of plasma jet has been proven. The use of energy of different physical nature makes it possible to maintain the local energy parameters of the plasma flow during material processing. This is due to the release of additional heat as a result of the interaction of plasma and plasma components with ambient air. The use of plasma of the N‒O‒C‒H system in surface engineering technologies could expand the range of processed materials and reduce the operating costs of the process
Development of control software for self-organizing intelligent mobile robots
Authors: Toibazarov Daulet , Baiseitov Gani , Kyzyrkanov Abzal , Aljawarneh Shadi , Atanov Sabyrzhan 
Published: May 2023

Maintaining a specific geometric formation during the movement is crucial for multiagent systems of mobile robots in various applications. Proper coordination can lead to reduced system costs, increased reliability and efficiency, and system adaptability and flexibility.
This research proposes a novel movement coordination method for self-governing multiagent systems of intelligent mobile robots. The proposed method uses a leader-follower technique with a virtual leader to maintain a specific geometric structure. Additionally, the epsilon greedy algorithm is utilized to avoid loops. To reduce power consumption, it is proposed to turn on only a few robots' lidars at a time. They could drive all the robots in the group, allowing them to reach the goal without colliding with obstacles.
Experiments on a complex map with nine robots were conducted to test the method's effectiveness. The success rate of the swarm reaching the target position and the number of steps needed were evaluated. Testing varied angular velocities of 1 to 20 degrees and linear velocities of 0.1 to 5.5 m/s. Results show the method effectively guides the robots without collisions.
This method enables a group of self-governing multiagent systems of intelligent mobile robots to maintain a desired formation while avoiding obstacles and reducing power consumption. The results of the experimental study demonstrate the method's potential to be implemented in real-world missions and traffic management systems to increase efficiency and reduce costs.
The proposed method can be utilized in military missions and traffic management systems, where maintaining a specific geometric formation is crucial. The method's ability to avoid obstacles and reduce power consumption can also lead to reduced costs and increased efficiency.