bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Longitudinal follow-up by MR angiography reveals progressive dilatation of the distal aorta after aortic root replacement in Marfan syndrome
Authors: Lenz Alexander , Warncke Malte , Wright Felicia , Weinrich Julius Matthias , Schoennagel Bjoern P. , Henes Frank Oliver , Adam Gerhard , von Kodolitsch Yskert , Schoen Gerhard , Bannas Peter 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Objectives

To define and compare growth rates of the distal aorta in Marfan patients with and without aortic root replacement using serial MR angiography (MRA).

Methods
We retrospectively included 136 Marfan patients with a total of 645 MRAs who underwent a median of five MRAs (range: 2–13) at 1.5 T and 3 T in annual intervals. Of these, 41 patients (34.8 ± 12 years) had undergone aortic root replacement. The remaining 95 patients (29.0 ± 17 years) still had a native aorta and served as the control group. Thoracic aortic diameters were independently measured at eleven predefined levels. Estimated growth rates were calculated using a mixed effects model adjusted for sex, age, BMI, and medication.

Results
Marfan patients with aortic root replacement revealed the highest mean estimated growth rate in the proximal descending aorta (0.77 mm/year, CI: 0.31–1.21). Mean growth rates at all levels of the distal thoracic aorta were significantly higher in patients with aortic root replacement (0.28–0.77 mm/year) when compared to patients without aortic root replacement (0.03–0.07 mm/year) (all p < 0.001). Antihypertensive medication, gender, and BMI had no significant impact on the distal aortic growth rates.

Conclusion
Distal thoracic aortic diameters increase at a significantly higher rate in Marfan patients with aortic root replacement compared to Marfan patients without aortic root replacement. Further studies are warranted to investigate if the increased growth rate of the distal thoracic aorta after aortic root replacement is caused by altered hemodynamics due to the rigid aortic root graft or due to the general genetic disposition of post-operative Marfan patients.

Clinical relevance statement
High growth rates of the distal aorta after aortic root replacement underline the need for careful life-long aortic imaging of Marfan patients after aortic root replacement.

Key Points
• Aortic growth rates in Marfan patients with aortic root replacement are highest in the mid-aortic arch, the proximal- and mid-descending aorta.
• Growth rates of the distal thoracic aorta are significantly higher in Marfan patients with aortic root replacement compared to Marfan patients without aortic root replacement.
• Antihypertensive medication, gender, and BMI have no significant impact on distal aortic growth rates in Marfan patients.
SPAM—sub partual analgesia with meptazinol: a prospective cohort study comparing intramuscular with intravenous administration
Authors: Germeshausen Katharina , Linzbach Aissa , Zöllkau Janine , Heimann Yvonne , Schleussner Ekkehard , Groten Tanja , Weschenfelder Friederike 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Safe and effective analgesia sub partu is one of the central issues in optimizing vaginal delivery birth experiences. Meptazinol is a common opiate approved for treating labor pain in the first stage of labor. According to the manufacturer, manual meptazinol can be applied intramuscularly or intravenously. The aim of this study was to compare the two application methods in terms of efficacy in pain relief, occurrence of side effects and treatment satisfaction.

Methods
132 patients with singleton term pregnancies and intended vaginal delivery, receiving meptazinol during first stage of labor were included in this prospective cohort study from 05/2020 to 01/2021. We evaluated effectiveness in pain relief and treatment satisfaction using numeric rating scales (NRS) and documented the occurrence of adverse effects. Chi-square test or Fisher exact test were used to compare categorical data and Mann–Whitney U test to compare continuous data between the two treatment groups. Statistical analysis was done by SPSS 27.0. A p value < 0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance (two tailed).

Results
Meptazinol decreased labor pain significantly from a NRS of 8 (IQR 8–10) to 6 (IQR 4.75–8) in both treatment groups with no difference in effectiveness between the groups. Frequency of effective pain reduction of a decrease of 2 or more on the NRS did not differ between groups (39.4% vs 54.5%, p = 0.116), as the occurrence of adverse effects. 12% of the newborns were admitted to NICU, the median NApH was 7.195.

Conclusion
Meptazinol significantly reduces labor pain regardless of the method of application: intramuscular or intravenous. According to our data, no preferable route could be identified. The comparably poorer perinatal outcome in our study cohort hinders us to confirm that meptazinol is safe and can be recommended without restrictions.
Prediction of underlying atrial fibrillation in patients with a cryptogenic stroke: results from the NOR-FIB Study
Authors: Ratajczak-Tretel B. , Lambert A. Tancin , Al-Ani R. , Arntzen K. , Bakkejord G. K. , Bekkeseth H. M. O. , Bjerkeli V. , Eldøen G. , Gulsvik A. K. , Halvorsen B. , Høie G. A. , Ihle-Hansen H. , Ihle-Hansen H. , Ingebrigtsen S. , Kremer C. , Krogseth S. B. , Kruuse C. , Kurz M. , Nakstad I. , Novotny V. , Næss H. , Qazi R. , Rezaj M. K. , Rørholt D. M. , Steffensen L. H. , Sømark J. , Tobro H. , Truelsen T. C. , Wassvik L. , Ægidius K. L. , Atar D. , Aamodt Anne Hege ,   NOR-FIB study group
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Atrial fibrillation (AF) detection and treatment are key elements to reduce recurrence risk in cryptogenic stroke (CS) with underlying arrhythmia. The purpose of the present study was to assess the predictors of AF in CS and the utility of existing AF-predicting scores in The Nordic Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke (NOR-FIB) Study.

Method
The NOR-FIB study was an international prospective observational multicenter study designed to detect and quantify AF in CS and cryptogenic transient ischaemic attack (TIA) patients monitored by the insertable cardiac monitor (ICM), and to identify AF-predicting biomarkers. The utility of the following AF-predicting scores was tested: AS5F, Brown ESUS-AF, CHA2DS2-VASc, CHASE-LESS, HATCH, HAVOC, STAF and SURF.

Results
In univariate analyses increasing age, hypertension, left ventricle hypertrophy, dyslipidaemia, antiarrhythmic drugs usage, valvular heart disease, and neuroimaging findings of stroke due to intracranial vessel occlusions and previous ischemic lesions were associated with a higher likelihood of detected AF. In multivariate analysis, age was the only independent predictor of AF. All the AF-predicting scores showed significantly higher score levels for AF than non-AF patients. The STAF and the SURF scores provided the highest sensitivity and negative predictive values, while the AS5F and SURF reached an area under the receiver operating curve (AUC) > 0.7.

Conclusion
Clinical risk scores may guide a personalized evaluation approach in CS patients. Increasing awareness of the usage of available AF-predicting scores may optimize the arrhythmia detection pathway in stroke units.
Time to surgery is not an oncological risk factor in HCC patients undergoing liver resection
Authors: Otto Carlos Constantin , Wang Guanwu , Mantas Anna , Heise Daniel , Bruners Philipp , Lang Sven Arke , Ulmer Tom Florian , Neumann Ulf Peter , Heij Lara Rosaline , Bednarsch Jan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPurposeGiven limitations of the health care systems in case of unforeseeable events, e.g., the COVID pandemic as well as trends in prehabilitation, time from diagnosis to surgery (time to surgery, (TTS)) has become a research issue in malignancies. Thus, we investigated whether TTS is associated with oncological outcome in HCC patients undergoing surgery.MethodsA monocentric cohort of 217 patients undergoing liver resection for HCC between 2009 and 2021 was analyzed. Individuals were grouped according to TTS and compared regarding clinical characteristics. Overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) was compared using Kaplan-Meier analysis and investigated by univariate and multivariable Cox regressions.ResultsTTS was not associated with OS (p=0.126) or RFS (p=0.761) of the study cohort in univariate analysis. In multivariable analysis age (p=0.028), ASA (p=0.027), INR (0.016), number of HCC nodules (p=0.026), microvascular invasion (MVI;p<0.001), and postoperative complications (p<0.001) were associated with OS and INR (p=0.005), and number of HCC nodules (p<0.001) and MVI (p<0.001) were associated with RFS. A comparative analysis of TTS subgroups was conducted (group 1, ≤30 days,n=55; group 2, 31–60 days,n=79; group 3, 61–90 days,n=45; group 4, >90 days,n=38). Here, the median OS were 62, 41, 38, and 40 months (p=0.602 log rank) and median RFS were 21, 26, 26, and 25 months (p=0.994 log rank). No statistical difference regarding oncological risk factors were observed between these groups.ConclusionTTS is not associated with earlier tumor recurrence or reduced overall survival in surgically treated HCC patients.
Leerstand und Stadterleben aus der Perspektive der Atmosphärenforschung
Authors: Kazig Rainer , Rapp Helena , Bartmus Agnes 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungDieser Beitrag stellt die Ergebnisse einer explorativen Untersuchung vor, die dem Erleben von leerstehenden Ladenlokalen in der Fußgängerzone von Bad Bergzabern aus der Perspektive der Atmosphärenforschung nachgeht. Viele Zentren von Kleinstädten sind gegenwärtig mehr oder weniger dauerhaft von Leerstand im Einzelhandel betroffen. Er stellt für diese Städte auch deshalb ein Problem dar, weil er die Aufenthalts- und Erlebnisqualität der Zentren mindert. Mit ihrem Fokus auf die Gestimmtheit von Räumen und den Einfluss der unmittelbaren Umgebung auf das subjektive Befinden von Personen, ermöglicht die Atmosphärenforschung, diesen Zusammenhang zu erfassen und differenzierter zu verstehen.Die Untersuchung baut empirisch auf der Methode der „Parcours commentés“ auf. Als Ergebnisse konnten mit Tristesse, Abwendung und Beschleunigung drei Grundeffekte des Erlebens von Leerstand herausgearbeitet werden. Sie verdeutlichen, auf welche Weise Leerstand grundsätzlich den Aufenthalt und das Erleben in einer Fußgängerzone beeinflusst. Zudem wird sichtbar, durch welche subjektiven Faktoren auf der einen und durch welche konkreten physisch-materiellen Erscheinungen des Leerstandes auf der anderen Seite die Grundeffekte akzentuiert werden. Hieran anknüpfend werden Handlungsmöglichkeiten für einen Umgang mit Situationen längerfristigen Leerstands diskutiert.
Flash glucose monitoring in gestational diabetes mellitus (FLAMINGO): a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Majewska Agata , Stanirowski Paweł Jan , Tatur Jacek , Wojda Barbara , Radosz Iwona , Wielgos Mirosław , Bomba-Opon Dorota Agata 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Aims
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is the most common type of hyperglycaemia in pregnancy. GDM is a risk factor of adverse perinatal outcomes, with the incidence rate increasing proportionally to the level of maternal dysglycaemia. Therefore, glycaemic control plays an important role in management of GDM. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of flash glucose monitoring (FGM) in GDM.

Materials and methods
This was a non-blinded, randomised controlled trial, that recruited 100 pregnant women diagnosed with GDM between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation at the 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medical University of Warsaw. After meeting the inclusion criteria patients were randomly allocated to the study group (FGM, n = 50) or control group (self-monitoring of blood glucose—SMBG, n = 50). Clinical and laboratory results were assessed at four follow-up visits. The primary outcome was mean fasting and postprandial glycaemia. The secondary outcomes were perinatal outcomes.

Results
There was no significant difference in mean glycaemia between the groups (p = 0.437) Compared to the control group, the study group significantly reduced their fasting (p = 0.027) and postprandial glycaemia (p = 0.034) during the first 4 weeks following GDM diagnosis, with no significant difference in progression to insulin therapy (OR 1.09, 95% CI 0.47–2.57). Incidence of fetal macrosomia was significantly higher in SMBG as compared to FGM group (OR 5.63, 95% CI 1.16–27.22).

Conclusions
Study results indicate that FGM has an impact on glycaemic control, dietary habits and incidence of fetal macrosomia in patients with GDM.
Trial registration clinicaltrials.gov ID: NCT04422821.
Psychotherapie – zwischen Gesetz und Unmöglichkeit
Authors: Haas Marie-Theres , Möller Anatol 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Psychotherapie ist eine Disziplin, die Menschen mit psychischen Leiden anhand ihrer zur Verfügung stehenden Methoden behandelt. Das 1991 in Kraft getretene Psychotherapiegesetz schafft seit rund drei Jahrzehnten für diesen Berufsstand den rechtlichen Rahmen. Seit einiger Zeit wird über eine Novellierung des Gesetzes diskutiert. Inhalt einer möglichen Gesetzesreform soll primär die Akademisierung der Psychotherapie, wie sie sich in Österreich bereits seit einigen Jahren an wenigen (Privat‑)Universitäten vollzieht bzw. in anderen europäischen Ländern wie in Deutschland seit 2019 in die Wege geleitet worden ist, sein. Jede Zeit verlangt aufgrund ihres dynamischen Geschehens Veränderung. Veränderung als eine kreative Dekonstruktion bestehender Strukturen und gleichzeitig als Schaffung eines Raums, der Neues in sich birgt. Bei all den berufspolitischen Überlegungen muss stets eine Ethik der Ausbildung und klinischen Praxis mitgedacht werden. Dieser Beitrag setzt an diesem Punkt an und gibt einen Kurzabriss über den Status quo des Psychotherapiegesetzes sowie die zur Debatte stehenden inhaltlichen Änderungen einer eventuellen Gesetzesnovellierung. Darüber hinaus werden mögliche Chancen sowie Schwierigkeiten, die eine vollständige Akademisierung des Fachs mit sich bringen könnte, diskutiert.
Impact of polishing system on surface roughness of different ceramic surfaces after various pretreatments and bracket debonding
Authors: Jungbauer Rebecca , Liebermann Anja , Hammer Christian M. , Edelhoff Daniel , Proff Peter , Stawarczyk Bogna 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Objective
Evaluating various polishing methods after bracket debonding and excessive attachment material removal for different ceramics and pretreatments.

Material and methods
Zirconia (ZrO2), leucite (LEU) and lithium disilicate (LiSi) specimens were pretreated with a) silica coated alumina particles (CoJet); LEU and LiSi additionally with b) hydrofluoric acid (HF), c) Monobond Etch&Prime (MEP), d) silicium carbide grinder (SiC) before bracket bonding, shearing off, ARI evaluation, excessive attachment material removal and polishing with i) Sof-Lex Discs (Soflex), ii) polishing paste (Paste), iii) polishing set (Set). Before/after polishing surface roughness (Ra) was measured with a profilometer. Martens hardness parameter were also assessed.

Results
Irrespective of pretreatment Ra of LEU increased the most, followed by LiSi and ZrO2 (p < 0.001, SiC: p = 0.012), in accordance with the measured Martens hardness parameter. CoJet/SiC caused greater roughness as HF/MEP (p < 0.001). The ZrO2 surface was rougher after polishing with Paste/Set (p < 0.001; p = 0.047). Ra improved in the LEU/CoJet, LEU/SiC and LiSi/SiC groups with Soflex/Set (p < 0.001), in the LiSi/CoJet and LEU/HF groups by Soflex (p = 0.003, p < 0.001) and worsened by Paste (p = 0.017, p < 0.001). Polishing of HF or MEP pretreated LiSi with Set increased Ra (p = 0.001, p < 0.001), so did Paste in the LEU/MEP group (p < 0.001).

Conclusions
Paste couldn’t improve the surfaces. Soflex was the only method decreasing Ra on rough surfaces and not causing roughness worsening. Polishing of LEU/LiSi after MEP, LEU after HF pretreatment doesn´t seem to have any benefit.

Clinical Relevance
To avoid long-term damage to ceramic restorations, special attention should be paid to the polishing method after orthodontic treatment.
Heteroscedasticity of residual spending after risk equalization: a potential source of selection incentives in health insurance markets with premium regulation
Authors: Oskam Michel , van Kleef Richard C. , Douven Rudy 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMany community-rated health insurance markets include risk equalization (also known as risk adjustment) to mitigate risk selection incentives for competing insurers. Empirical evaluations of risk equalization typically quantify selection incentives through predictable profits and losses net of risk equalization for various groups of consumers (e.g. the healthy versus the chronically ill). The underlying assumption is that absence of predictable profits and losses implies absence of selection incentives. This paper questions this assumption. We show that even when risk equalization perfectly compensates insurers for predictable differences in mean spending between groups, selection incentives are likely to remain. The reason is that the uncertainty about residual spending (i.e., spending net of risk equalization) differs across groups, e.g., the risk of substantial losses is larger for the chronically ill than for the healthy. In a risk-rated market, insurers are likely to charge a higher profit mark-up (to cover uncertainty in residual spending) and a higher safety mark-up (to cover the risk of large losses) to chronically ill than to healthy individuals. When such differentiation is not allowed, insurers face incentives to select in favor of the healthy. Although the exact size of these selection incentives depends on contextual factors, our empirical simulations indicate they can be non-trivial. Our findings suggest that – in addition to the equalization of differences in mean spending between the healthy and the chronically ill – policy measures might be needed to diminish (or compensate insurers for) heteroscedasticity of residual spending across groups.
90K/LGALS3BP expression is upregulated in COVID-19 but may not restrict SARS-CoV-2 infection
Authors: Bosquillon de Jarcy Laure , Akbil Bengisu , Mhlekude Baxolele , Leyens Johanna , Postmus Dylan , Harnisch Greta , Jansen Jenny , Schmidt Marie L. , Aigner Annette , Pott Fabian , Chua Robert Lorenz , Krist Lilian , Gentile Roberta , Mühlemann Barbara , Jones Terence C. , Niemeyer Daniela , Fricke Julia , Keil Thomas , Pischon Tobias , Janke Jürgen , Conrad Christian , Iacobelli Stefano , Drosten Christian , Corman Victor M. , Ralser Markus , Eils Roland , Kurth Florian , Sander Leif , Goffinet Christine 
Published: May 2023

AbstractGlycoprotein 90K, encoded by the interferon-stimulated gene LGALS3BP, displays broad antiviral activity. It reduces HIV-1 infectivity by interfering with Env maturation and virion incorporation, and increases survival of Influenza A virus-infected mice via antiviral innate immune signaling. Its antiviral potential in SARS-CoV-2 infection remains largely unknown. Here, we analyzed the expression of 90K/LGALS3BP in 44 hospitalized COVID-19 patients at multiple levels. We quantified 90K protein concentrations in serum and PBMCs as well as LGALS3BP mRNA levels. Complementary, we analyzed two single cell RNA-sequencing datasets for expression of LGALS3BP in respiratory specimens and PBMCs from COVID-19 patients. Finally, we analyzed the potential of 90K to interfere with SARS-CoV-2 infection of HEK293T/ACE2, Calu-3 and Caco-2 cells using authentic virus. 90K protein serum concentrations were significantly elevated in COVID-19 patients compared to uninfected sex- and age-matched controls. Furthermore, PBMC-associated concentrations of 90K protein were overall reduced by SARS-CoV-2 infection in vivo, suggesting enhanced secretion into the extracellular space. Mining of published PBMC scRNA-seq datasets uncovered monocyte-specific induction of LGALS3BP mRNA expression in COVID-19 patients. In functional assays, neither 90K overexpression in susceptible cell lines nor exogenous addition of purified 90K consistently inhibited SARS-CoV-2 infection. Our data suggests that 90K/LGALS3BP contributes to the global type I IFN response during SARS-CoV-2 infection in vivo without displaying detectable antiviral properties in vitro.
Exploring pest mitigation research and management associated with the global wood packaging supply chain: What and where are the weak links?
Authors: Greenwood Leigh F. , Coyle David R. , Guerrero María E. , Hernández Gustavo , MacQuarrie Chris J. K. , Trejo Oscar , Noseworthy Meghan K. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractGlobal trade continues to increase in volume, speed, geographic scope, diversity of goods, and types of conveyances, which has resulted in a parallel increase in both quantity and types of pathways available for plant pests to move via trade. Wood packaging material (WPM) such as dunnage, pallets, crates, and spools, is an integral part of the global supply chain due to its function in containing, protecting, and supporting the movement of traded commodities. The use of untreated solid wood for WPM introduces the risk of wood boring and wood-infesting organisms into the supply chain, while the handling and storage conditions of treated WPM presents risk of post-treatment contamination by surface-adhering or sheltering pests. The wood-boring and -infesting pest risks intrinsic to the solid wood packaging pathway were addressed in the 2002 adoption and 2009 revision of ISPM 15, which was first implemented in 2005–2006 in North America. Although this global initiative has been widely implemented, some pest movement still occurs due to a combination of factors including; fraud, use of untreated material, insufficient- or incomplete- treatment, and post-treatment contamination. Here we examine the forest-to-recycling production and utilization chain for wood packaging material with respect to the dynamics of wood-infesting and contaminating pest incidence within the environments of the international supply chain and provide opportunities for improvements in pest risk reduction. We detail and discuss each step of the chain, the current systems in place, and regulatory environments. We discuss knowledge gaps, research opportunities and recommendations for improvements for each step. This big picture perspective allows for a full system review of where new or improved pest risk management strategies could be explored to improve our current knowledge and regulations.