bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Applicability of the surgical risk calculator by the American College of Surgeons in the setting of German patients undergoing complete pancreatectomy: multicentre study using data from the StuDoQ|Pancreas registry
Authors: Höhn Philipp , Runde Fabian , Luu Andreas Minh , Fahlbusch Tim , Fein Daniel , Klinger Carsten , Uhl Waldemar , Belyaev Orlin ,   members of StuDoQ|Pancreas registry of the German Society for General and Visceral Surgery (DGAV), Gutt Carsten , Köninger Jörg , Schnitzbauer Andreas , Schafmayer Clemens , Farkas Stefan , Hartwig Werner , Torge Mees Sören , Klammer Frank , Glanemann Matthias , Ghadimi Michael , Anthuber Matthias , Reißfelder Christoph , Piso Pompiliu , Padberg Winfried , Grützmann Robert , Niedergethmann Marco , Pascher Andreas , Prenzel Klaus , Reith Hans-Bernd , Chromik Ansgar Michael , M Krüger Colin , Bektas Hüseyin , Illert Bertram , Hommann Merten , Ritz Jörg-Peter , Döhrmann Axel , Schäfer Nico , Kraus Thomas , Jäger Mark , Tschmelitsch Jörg , Fleck Ullrich , Pauthner Michael , Tröbs Ute , Stier Albrecht , Krones Carsten , Keck Tobias , Werner Jens , Nüssler Natascha , Bartsch Detlef K , Germer Christoph-Thomas , Friess Helmut , Mönch Christian , Oldhafer Karl-Jürgen , Kalff Jörg C 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Surgical risk calculators can estimate risk probabilities for postoperative outcomes utilizing patient-specific risk factors. They provide meaningful information for obtaining informed consent. The aim of the present paper was to evaluate the predictive value of the surgical risk calculators by the American College of Surgeons in German patients undergoing total pancreatectomy.

Methods
Data for patients who underwent total pancreatectomy between 2014 and 2018 were acquired from the Study, Documentation, and Quality Center of the German Society for General and Visceral Surgery. Risk factors were entered manually into the surgical risk calculators and calculated risks were compared with actual outcomes.

Results
Of the 408 patients analysed, predicted risk was higher in patients with complications except for the prediction of re-admission (P = 0.127), delayed gastric emptying (P = 0.243), and thrombosis (P = 0.256). In contrast, classification of patients into below, above, or average risk by the surgical risk calculators only produced meaningful results for discharge to nursing facility (P &lt; 0.001), renal failure (P = 0.003), pneumonia (P = 0.001), serious complications, and overall morbidity (both P &lt; 0.001). Assessment of discrimination and calibration showed poor results (scaled Brier scores 8.46 per cent or less).

Conclusion
Overall surgical risk calculator performance was poor. This finding promotes the development of a specific surgical risk calculator applicable to the German healthcare system.
Towards a better understanding of Prunus (Rosaceae): molecular and morphological notes on Prunus subgenus Cerasus in Turkey
Authors: Ciftci Almila , Gercek Yusuf C , Mollman Rachel , Bostanci Ordu Pinar I , Yazici Ceyda , Yaprak Ahmet E , Morgil Hande , Şik Levent , Erol Osman 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In this study, we explore the relationships among taxa of Prunus subgenus Cerasus in Turkey using a combination of macromorphology, micromorphology and molecular techniques. We recorded qualitative and quantitative characteristics of flowers, leaves, seeds and endocarp for 96 populations representing 14 taxa of Prunus subgenus Cerasus. ITS, matK, ycf1, trnL-trnF DNA sequence data were used to reconstruct phylogenetic trees for this group. Haplotype analyses results found 11 haplotypes among the samples used in this study. We also note that the infraspecific taxa of Cerasus angustifolia (=P. albicaulis), P. mahaleb, P. microcarpa and P. prostrata, as described by previous authors, do not exhibit significant differences even among the features of foliar morphology that are so often used to distinguish them from one another. As a general rule, our analyses indicate that the highly variable features of leaf micromorphology and endocarp and seed micromorphology are not taxonomically significant. In contrast, although floral morphology is often overlooked in systematic studies of Prunus subgenus Cerasus, we found several taxonomically useful flower characters, including sepal indumentum, hypanthium shape and indumentum and petal shape. This work clarifies the infraspecific relationships of members of Prunus subgenus Cerasus in Turkey and solves some taxonomic problems.
Techno-economic analysis of green hydrogen as an energy-storage medium for commercial buildings
Authors: Urs Rahul Rajeevkumar , Chadly Assia , Al Sumaiti Ameena , Mayyas Ahmad 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Green-hydrogen production is vital in mitigating carbon emissions and is being adopted globally. In its transition to a more diverse energy mix with a bigger share for renewable energy, United Arab Emirates (UAE) has committed to investing billions of dollars in the production of green hydrogen. This study presents the results of the techno-economic assessment of a green-hydrogen-based commercial-building microgrid design in the UAE. The microgrid has been designed based on the building load demand, green-hydrogen production potential utilizing solar photovoltaic (PV) energy and discrete stack reversible fuel cell electricity generation during non-PV hours. Given the current market conditions and the hot humid climate of the UAE, a performance analysis is derived to evaluate the technical and economic feasibility of this microgrid. The study aims at maximizing both the building microgrid’s independence from the main grid and its renewable fraction. Simulation results indicate that the designed system is capable of meeting three-quarters of its load demand independently from the main grid and is supported by a 78% renewable-energy fraction. The economic analysis demonstrates a 3.117-$/kg levelized cost of hydrogen production and a 0.248-$/kWh levelized cost for storing hydrogen as electricity. Additionally, the levelized cost of system energy was found to be less than the current utility costs in the UAE. Sensitivity analysis shows the significant impact of the capital cost and discount rate on the levelized cost of hydrogen generation and storage.
COVID Keynesianism: locating inequality in the Anglo-American crisis response
Authors: Montgomerie Johnna 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCOVID Keynesianism evaluates the USA and UK’s economic response to the COVID-19 pandemic and compares it to the previous iterations of the Anglo-American policy response template. The analysis details the morbid character of neoliberal state intervention by tracing the distributional routes of monetary and fiscal measures into global corporations and across the domestic economy. The comparative findings show the degree to which emergency economic relief measures, despite their size and early success, have amplified the fault lines of inequality. The argument is that monetary flows generated windfall wealth gains for the already wealthy, while fiscal flows provided temporary gains and provisions for those on low-incomes and in deprived regions. Neoliberal efforts to protect wealth-holdings are discussed with reference to the structural conditions that generate permanent crises.
A hidden problem: peripheral artery disease in women
Authors: Kavurma Mary M , Boccanfuso Lauren , Cutmore Carina , Passam Freda , Patel Sanjay , Hennessy Annemarie , Loa Jacky , Figtree Gemma A , Golledge Jonathan , Robinson David A , Aitken Sarah 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPeripheral artery disease (PAD) has a huge social and economic burden and is an important contributor to the global health burden. Sex differences in PAD are apparent, with recent data suggesting equal if not greater prevalence in women, and women having worse clinical outcomes. Why this occurs is not clear. To identify underlying reasons for gender inequalities in PAD, we executed a deeper exploration through a social constructive perspective. A scoping review was conducted using the World Health Organization model for analysis of gender-related needs in healthcare. Complex interacting factors, including biological, clinical, and societal variables, were reviewed to highlight gender-related inequities in the diagnosis, treatment, and management of PAD. Current gaps in knowledge were identified and insights into future directions aimed at improving these inequalities were discussed. Our findings highlight the multi-level complexities that need to be considered for strategies to improve gender-related needs in PAD healthcare.
The coral microbiome: towards an understanding of the molecular mechanisms of coral–microbiota interactions
Authors: Mohamed Amin R , Ochsenkühn Michael A , Kazlak Ahmed M , Moustafa Ahmed , Amin Shady A 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Corals live in a complex, multipartite symbiosis with diverse microbes across kingdoms, some of which are implicated in vital functions, such as those related to resilience against climate change. However, knowledge gaps and technical challenges limit our understanding of the nature and functional significance of complex symbiotic relationships within corals. Here, we provide an overview of the complexity of the coral microbiome focusing on taxonomic diversity and functions of well-studied and cryptic microbes. Mining the coral literature indicate that while corals collectively harbour a third of all marine bacterial phyla, known bacterial symbionts and antagonists of corals represent a minute fraction of this diversity and that these taxa cluster into select genera, suggesting selective evolutionary mechanisms enabled these bacteria to gain a niche within the holobiont. Recent advances in coral microbiome research aimed at leveraging microbiome manipulation to increase coral’s fitness to help mitigate heat stress-related mortality are discussed. Then, insights into the potential mechanisms through which microbiota can communicate with and modify host responses are examined by describing known recognition patterns, potential microbially derived coral epigenome effector proteins and coral gene regulation. Finally, the power of omics tools used to study corals are highlighted with emphasis on an integrated host–microbiota multiomics framework to understand the underlying mechanisms during symbiosis and climate change-driven dysbiosis.
Values of debulking surgery for unresectable well-differentiated metastatic pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: a comparative study
Authors: Huang Xi-Tai , Xie Jin-Zhao , Chen Liu-Hua , Cai Jian-Peng , Chen Wei , Liang Li-Jian , Zhang Ning , Yin Xiao-Yu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackground and objectiveThe value of debulking surgery for unresectable well-differentiated metastatic pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (m-PNET) remains poorly defined. This study aimed to evaluate the outcomes of m-PNET following debulking surgery in our institute.MethodsPatients with well-differentiated m-PNET in our hospital between February 2014 and March 2022 were collected. Clinicopathological and long-term outcomes of patients treated with radical resection, debulking surgery, and conservative therapy were compared retrospectively.ResultsFifty-three patients with well-differentiated m-PNET were reviewed, including 47 patients with unresectable m-PNET (debulking surgery, 25; conservative therapy, 22) and 6 patients with resectable m-PNET (radical resection). Patients undergoing debulking surgery had a post-operative Clavien–Dindo ≥ III complication rate of 16.0% without mortality. The 5-year overall survival (OS) rate of patients treated with debulking surgery was significantly higher than that of those treated with conservative therapy alone (87.5% vs 37.8%, log-rank P = 0.022). Besides, the 5-year OS rate of patients treated with debulking surgery was comparable to that of patients with resectable m-PNET undergoing radical resection (87.5% vs 100%, log-rank P = 0.724).ConclusionsPatients with unresectable well-differentiated m-PNET who underwent resection had better long-term outcomes than those who received conservative therapy alone. The 5-year OS of patients undergoing debulking surgery and radical resection were comparable. Debulking surgery could be considered for patients with unresectable well-differentiated m-PNET if no contraindication exists.
EU Copyright Exceptions and Limitations and the Three-Step Test: One Step Forward, Two Steps Back
Authors: Wymeersch Paulien 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The three-step test, by origin an international provision, restricts copyright exceptions and limitations. The three-step test was incorporated into multiple treaties and trade agreements after being first included in the Berne Convention. Despite some nuances regarding the test’s wording in these legal instruments, the essential part – i.e. the three criteria – has remained unchanged. The European Union (EU) legislator took a step forward by expressly implementing the international three-step test into EU law. Article 5(5) of the 2001 InfoSoc Directive provides for its own EU three-step test, and more recently, the test was included in the 2019 DSM Directive. However, two substantial issues remain. First, there is still uncertainty on the specific meaning of each of these steps, due to scarce case law at the international level. Second, the incorporation of this standard has led to an added discussion on the scope and addressee of the EU three-step test. Due to the InfoSoc Directive’s wording, the question arose whether the three-step test is solely addressed to national legislators, or whether the test can also be applied by national courts. This article features a detailed analysis of the European Court of Justice’s case law on the three-step test, highlighting differing tendencies in its rulings. The Court’s decisions bring little clarification regarding the question of the test’s addressee, leaving the issue unresolved and disputed in the legal literature.
An Econcentric Turn in the Transitional Restorative Justice Process in Colombia
Authors: Ordóñez-Vargas Laura , Peralta Gonzalez L C , Prieto-Rios Enrique 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT∞
This article reflects on how Colombia, as an important laboratory in transitional restorative justice, a 60-year long internal conflict, is experiencing an ‘ecocentric turn.’ This transition is not free from contradiction, ambivalence or great challenges. For this article, ‘ecocentric turn’ means an epistemological movement from anthropocentrism to ecocentrism, with biocentrism as the middle stage between the two ends. We argue that the ecocentric turn does not exclusively imply postures that are purely anthropocentric or ecocentric, but also ones that are hybrid and eclectic, which for the purposes of this article will be called biocentric positions. The ecocentric turn is reviewed on two levels: the first is the institutional level, focusing on the Special Jurisdiction for Peace (JEP for its name in Spanish); and the second level corresponds to the experience of Palestina, Huila, a non-ethnic campesino community.
Humanizing Chatbots for Political Campaigns: How Do Voters Respond to Feasibility and Desirability Appeals from Political Chatbots?
Authors: Kim Yunju , Lee Heejun 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Informed by the construal level theory (CLT) and accounting for anthropomorphism, we investigated the effectiveness of political chatbots in influencing voting intentions. This study employed a three-way analysis of variance test with a 2 (anthropomorphism: anthropomorphism vs. non-anthropomorphism) × 2 (message type: feasibility vs. desirability appeal) × 2 (political ideology: conservatives vs. liberals) between-subjects experiment (n = 360). The findings reveal that participants showed higher voting intention after conversing with a highly anthropomorphic chatbot (vs. non-anthropomorphic chatbot) and when the chatbot delivered desirability (vs. feasibility) appeals. Participants also exhibited a higher voting intention when the chatbot was less anthropomorphic and it delivered feasibility (vs. desirability) messages. Moreover, we identified the three-way interaction effects of anthropomorphism, message appeal type and political ideology on voting intention. These findings are discussed in terms of their theoretical and practical implications.
The JCMT nearby galaxies legacy survey: SCUBA-2 observations of nearby galaxies
Authors: Pattle Kate , Gear Walter , Wilson Christine D 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
We present 850 $\mu$m observations of a sample of 8 nearby spiral galaxies, made using the SCUBA-2 camera on the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope (JCMT) as part of the JCMT Nearby Galaxies Legacy Survey (NGLS). We corrected our data for the presence of the 12CO J = 3 → 2 line in the SCUBA-2 850 $\mu$m bandwidth using NGLS HARP data, finding a typical 12CO contribution of ∼20 per cent. We measured dust column densities, temperatures, and opacity indices by fitting spectral energy distributions constructed from SCUBA-2 and archival Herschel observations, and used archival GALEX and Spitzer data to make maps of surface density of star formation ($\Sigma _{\small {\rm SFR}}$). Typically, comparing SCUBA-2-derived H2 surface densities ($\Sigma _{\rm H_2}$) to $\Sigma _{\small {\rm SFR}}$ gives shallow star formation law indices within galaxies, with SCUBA-2-derived values typically being sublinear and Herschel-derived values typically being broadly linear. This difference is likely due to the effects of atmospheric filtering on the SCUBA-2 data. Comparing the mean values of $\Sigma _{\rm H_2}$ and $\Sigma _{\small {\rm SFR}}$ of the galaxies in our sample returns a steeper star formation law index, broadly consistent with both the Kennicutt–Schmidt value of 1.4 and linearity. Our results show that a SCUBA-2 detection is a good predictor of star formation. We suggest that Herschel emission traces gas in regions which will form stars on time-scales ∼5 − 100 Myr, comparable to the star formation time-scale traced by GALEX and Spitzer data, while SCUBA-2 preferentially traces the densest gas within these regions, which likely forms stars on shorter time-scales.
The use of red flags during the referral chain of patients surgically treated for symptomatic spinal metastases
Authors: van Tol Floris R , Kamm Isabelle M L P , Versteeg Anne L , Suijkerbuijk Karijn P M , Verkooijen Helena M , Oner Cumher , Verlaan Jorrit-Jan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background
The use of so-called “red flags” may be beneficial in identifying patients with metastatic spinal disease. This study examined the utility and efficacy of these red flags in the referral chain of patients surgically treated for spinal metastases.

Methods
The referral chains from the onset of symptoms until surgical treatment for all patients receiving surgery for spinal metastases between March 2009 and December 2020 were reconstructed. The documentation of red flags, as defined by the Dutch National Guideline on Metastatic Spinal Disease, was assessed for each healthcare provider involved.

Results
A total of 389 patients were included in the study. On average, 33.3% of red flags were documented as present, 3.6% were documented as absent, and 63.1% were undocumented. A higher rate of red flags documented as present was associated with a longer time to diagnosis, but a shorter time to definitive treatment by a spine surgeon. Moreover, red flags were documented as present more often in patients who developed neurological symptoms at any point during the referral chain than those who remained neurologically intact.

Conclusions
The association of red flags with developing neurological deficits highlights their significance in clinical assessment. However, the presence of red flags was not found to decrease delays prior to referral to a spine surgeon, indicating that their relevance is currently not sufficiently recognized by healthcare providers. Raising awareness of symptoms indicative of spinal metastases may expedite timely (surgical) treatment and thus improve treatment outcome.
Nutritional and exercise interventions in individuals with sarcopenic obesity around retirement age: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Eglseer Doris , Traxler Mariella , Schoufour Josje D , Weijs Peter J M , Voortman Trudy , Boirie Yves , Cruz-Jentoft Alfonso J , Reiter Lea , Bauer Silvia ,   for the SO-NUTS Consortium, Weijs Peter , Boirie Yves , Voortman Trudy , Eglseer Doris , Cruz-Jentoft Alfonso , Allouch Somaya Ben , Schoufour Josje , Topinková Eva 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Context
Retirement is an opportune time for people to establish new healthy routines. Exercise and nutritional interventions are promising in the prevention and treatment of sarcopenic obesity.

Objective
This systematic review aimed

to assess the effectiveness of nutritional and exercise interventions for the treatment of sarcopenic obesity in persons of retirement age.

Data Sources
PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, and CENTRAL databases were searched in September 2021 for randomized controlled trials; a manual search was also conducted. The search yielded 261 studies, of which 11 were eligible for inclusion.

Data Extraction
Studies of community-dwelling individuals with sarcopenic obesity receiving any nutritional or exercise intervention ≥ 8 weeks with the mean age  ±  standard deviation between 50 and 70 years were included. Primary endpoint was body composition, and secondary endpoints were body mass index, muscle strength, and physical function. The literature review, study selection, data extraction, and risk-of-bias assessment were performed by two reviewers independently. Data were pooled for meta-analysis when possible.

Results
Meta-analysis was only possible for the exposure “resistance training” and the exposure “training (resistance or aerobic)” in combination with the exposure “added protein” as compared with “no intervention” or “training alone.” Resistance training led to a significant body fat reduction of −1.53% (95%CI, −2.91 to −0.15), an increase in muscle mass of 2.72% (95%CI, 1.23–4.22), an increase in muscle strength of 4.42 kg (95%CI, 2.44–6.04), and a slight improvement in gait speed of 0.17 m/s (95%CI, 0.01–0.34). Protein combined with an exercise intervention significantly reduces fat mass (−0.80 kg; 95%CI, −1.32 to −0.28). Some individual studies of dietary or food supplement interventions for which data could not be pooled showed positive effects on body composition.

Conclusion
Resistance training is an effective treatment for persons of retirement age with sarcopenic obesity. Increased protein intake combined with exercise may increase reductions in fat mass.

Systematic Review Registration
PROSPERO registration no. CRD42021276461.