bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efektifitas Modul Training DID Partisipatif Terhadap Pemahaman Konsep Inklusif Disabilitas Community Volunteers Rehabilitasi Bersumberdaya Masyarakat
Authors: Subasno Yohanes 
Published: January 2023

Pelibatan sebanyak mungkin pihak dalam reksa-pastoral pemberdayaan penyandang disabilitas, baik dari gereja maupun masyarakat umum menjadi sangat relevan karena Gereja hadir dalam konteks. Pergeseran paradigma pemberdayaan penyandang disabilitas dari karitatif menjadi inklusif, menyebabkan kerancuan persepsi tentang konsep inklusif disabilitas di kalangan pekerja sosial Rehabilitasi Bersumberdaya Masyarakat (RBM). Kerancuan tersebut berkisar pada batasan, prinsip dasar, pelaku, target-sasaran RBM. Materi training disability inclusive development (DID) disusun oleh peneliti dan praktisi serta divalidasi oleh pakar RBM untuk mengatasi gap persepsi tersebut. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pra-experimental disain one group pre-test post-test. Tiga (3) trainers dan 24 trainees yang berafiliasi dengan Yayasan Bhakti Luhur dari Malang, Blitar, Kediri, Surabaya, Yogyakarta dan Salatiga berkontribusi dalam penelitian. Intervensi dilaksanakan tiga (3) hari, didahului pretest, dan dilakukan posttest setelahnya. Analisa data menggunakan SPSS, didapat hasil mean pre-test 44,92 dan mean post-test 76,58. Uji normalitas Shapiro-Wilk mencatat signifikansi 0,24 pada pre-test dan 0,22 pada post-test. Tingkat signifikansi (a > 0.05) berarti data berdistribusi normal. Paired samples t-test mencatat signifikansi (2-tailed) 0,00 < 0.05, maka H0 ditolak dan Ha diterima. Kesimpulan, ada perbedaan antara rata-rata hasil pre-test dan post-test, yang berarti training DID partisipatif efektif meningkatkan pemahaman konsep inklusif disabilitas bagi pekerja sosial RBM.
Peran Kepala Sekolah Dalam Implementasi Pendidikan Karakter di SMAK Bakti Luhur Malang
Authors: Tawa Angelika Bule 
Published: January 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah 1) untuk mengetahui nilai-nilai karakter yang dikembangkan, 2) untuk menganalisis peran kepala sekolah sebagai edukator dalam implementasi pendidikan karakter, 3) untuk menganalisis peran kepala sekolah sebagai manajer dalam implementasi pendidikan karakter, 4) untuk menganalisis peran kepala sekolah sebagai inovator dalam implementasi pendidikan karakter. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Sumber data primer dengan wawancara dan sumber data sekunder dengan penelusuran dokumen. Pengambilan informan sebagai sumber data dilakukan secara purposive dan snowball. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 1) nilai-nilai karakter yang dikembangkan meliputi nilai-nilai perilaku manusia dalam hubungannya dengan Tuhan Yang Maha Esa, diri sendiri, sesama manusia, dan lingkungan serta kebangsaan. 2) Peran kepala sekolah sebagai edukator dalam implementasi pendidikan karakter. 3) Peran Kepala Sekolah sebagai manajer ditunjukkan dengan menerapkan pengelolaan manajemen terbuka. 4) Peran Kepala sekolah sebagai inovator ditunjukkan dalam pembinaan personalia, pembaharuan personalia dan wilayah kerja, fasilitas fisik, penggunaan waktu, perumusan tujuan, prosedur pendidikan karakter, peran guru yang diperlukan, bentuk hubungan antar bagian, hubungan sistem-sistem yang lain, dan strategi pendidikan karakter yang inovatif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut, peneliti merekomendasikan Kepala sekolah agar meningkatkan pendidikan karakter dengan cara lebih sering melakukan kegiatan-kegiatan yang berkaitan pendidikan karakter kepada guru dan peserta didik. Kepada guru hendaknya memahami pendidikan karakter dan mempelajari strategi dan metode yang tepat untuk menerapkan pendidikan karakter yang efektif. Kepada peserta didik hendaknya menampilkan perilaku yang baik dan menginternalisasikan nilai-nilai karakter yang diajarkan di SMAK Bakti Luhur Malang agar menjadi karakter diri yang bermanfaat untuk diri sendiri, orang lain dan bangsa.
DAMPAK PENGGUNAAN HANDPHONE TERHADAP KEGIATAN ROHANI ORANG MUDA KATOLIK DI COR JESSU DAN SOLUSI BAGI PEMBINA
Authors: Resi Hironimus , Pius X Intansakti 
Published: January 2023

Perkembangan zaman dari waktu ke waktu menunjukkan kemajuan dalam berbagai bidang kehidupan termasuk salah satunya adalah kemajuan IT yang sangat pesat. Perkembangan yang pesat ini melahirkan berbagai alat komunikasi dan informasi, salah satunya adalah handphone. Adanya handphone dapat memberikan dampak positif maupun negatif. Banyak orang “terperangkap” di dalam penggunaannya, terlebih Orang Muda Katolik saat ini. Pendekatan yang dilakukan oleh peneliti dengan cara observasi dan wawancara langsung menemukan dampak penggunaan handphone terhadap Orang Muda Katolik adalah ketidakterlibatan dalam kegiatan rohani di Paroki, lingkungan, dasa wisma, dan panca wisma. Peneliti juga menemukan dua aspek pribadi yang indvidualis dan egosentis. Orang Muda Katolik mulai mengabaikan kegiatan rohani yang mendukung tumbuh kembangnya iman Kristiani. Untuk mengatasi masalah ketidakterlibatan, egosentris dan individualistis, peneliti menganjurkan melakukan pendekatan komunikasi oleh orangtua, peran petugas Gereja untuk melibatkan mereka dalam kegiatan artinya memberi tugas dan tanggungjawab, serta penyegaran rohani melalui rekoleksi atau retret Orang Muda Katolik.
Pengaruh Pembelajaran Model Discovery Learning terhadap Aspek Kognitif Peserta Didik
Authors: Zuhdi Rasyid , Utami Fithria 
Published: January 2023

This study aims to determine the effect of using discovery learning models on improving the cognitive aspects of students. Discovery learning model emphasizes mental processes where students can assimilate a concept or principle with the result that discovery learning model can make students more active, think critically and develop creativity and make students more independent. This study used an experimental research design with a Pretest Posttest Control Group Design. The sample in this study were students at the junior high school level, VIII A as the control class and VIII B as the experimental class, amount 68 students and selected using cluster random sampling technique. The control class and the experimental class have passed the prerequisite test, namely the normality test and homogenity test. The normality and homogenity tests were assisted by the SPSS application which showed a significance value in the normality test of Sig. 0.703> 0.05 in the control class, the significance value of Sig. 0.473> 0.05 in the experimental class, the homogeneity test showed a significance value of Sig. 0.805 > 0.05. Thus it can be said that the class is normally distributed and is homogeneous. The instruments used in this study used pretest and posttest question sheets. Study result data were analyzed using the Independent Sample t-Test at a 5% level of confidence using the SPSS application. This study gave the results of the cognitive aspects in the experimental class significantly different from the cognitive aspects in the control class, with a significance value of Sig. (2-tailed) 0.045 < 0.05. Thus it can be said that the use of discovery learning models has a significant effect on the cognitive aspects of students.
Keywords: discovery learning, cognitif, students
El proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de los conceptos de la matemática superior en las carreras de Ingeniería
Authors: Zayas-Batista Reol , Escalona-Reyes Miguel , Estupiñán-González Rubidel , Cedeño-Intriago Raúl 
Published: January 2023

La formación de conceptos de la Matemática Superior, en las carreras de ingenierías, es importante para la interpretación y predicción de los procesos que acomete el ingeniero en su profesión. En su aprendizaje, en la actualidad, subsisten dificultades que limitan su comprensión. En la ejecución de la investigación se determinaron: el nivel de comprensión de los conceptos por los estudiantes de la carrera Ingeniería Industrial, las potencialidades de los asistentes matemáticos para la enseñanza de conceptos matemáticos, el estado de utilización de software en el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje de la Matemática en la Universidad de Holguín y las aportaciones de las investigaciones sobre el tema. Para ello se aplicaron los métodos histórico-lógicos, análisis y síntesis, inducción y deducción, y del nivel empíricos, la observación, encuestas, entrevistas, revisión documental y pruebas pedagógicas. La principal contribución de la investigación radica en la propuesta de estrategia didáctica para la integración de los asistentes matemáticos en el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje de los conceptos. Su implementación permitió a los estudiantes mejorar la comprensión de los conceptos básicos de la Matemática Superior, así como la solución de problemas prácticos que pueden ser modelados matemáticamente.
Palabras clave:
Conceptos, proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje, asistente matemático, Matemática Superior.

ABSTRACT
The formation of concepts of Higher Mathematics, in engineering careers, is important for the interpretation and prediction of the processes that the engineer undertakes in his profession. In its learning, at present, there are still difficulties that limit its understanding. In the execution of the research, the following were determined: the level of understanding of the concepts by the students of the Industrial Engineering career, the potentialities of the mathematical assistants for the teaching of mathematical concepts, the state of use of software in the teaching and learning process of Mathematics in the University of Holguin and the contributions of the researches on the subject. For this purpose, the historical-logical, analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction methods were applied, and at the empirical level, observation, surveys, interviews, documentary review and pedagogical tests. The main contribution of the research lies in the proposal of a didactic strategy for the integration of mathematical assistants in the process of teaching and learning concepts. Its implementation allowed students to improve their understanding of the basic concepts of higher mathematics, as well as the solution of practical problems that can be modeled mathematically.
Keywords:
concepts, teaching-learning process, mathematical assistant, Higher Mathematics.
Papel del abogado en la defensa del principio constitucional de presunción de inocencia en Cuba
Authors: Zaldívar-Oduardo Rafael Eugenio 
Published: January 2023

El artículo se centra en la necesidad de la pronta presencia del Abogado en el proceso para garantizar la defensa de los derechos del imputado y del acusado en el ámbito de los estudios prácticos y en específico el principio constitucional de Presunción de Inocencia desde la entrada en vigor de la Constitución de 2019. Se analizan en este texto los factores objetivos y subjetivos que inciden en el desempeño profesional de los Abogados de la Organización Nacional de Bufetes Colectivos al ejercer la defensa penal en la fase decisiva del esclarecimiento de los delitos, así como en el juicio oral, pináculo del proceso penal cubano, haciendo énfasis en la posibilidad de intervención letrada designada o de oficio antes del momento tradicionalmente conocido en Cuba hasta el año 2019 que era: una vez notificada la medida cautelar; amparados en la Constitución vigente y en la Ley del Proceso Penal, y de la entrada en vigor de la mencionada ley procesal.
Palabras clave:
Presunción de inocencia, principios y garantías constitucionales, abogado.

ABSTRACT
The article focuses on the need for the prompt presence of the Lawyer in the process to guarantee the defense of the rights of the accused and the accused in the field of practical studies and specifically the constitutional principle of Presumption of Innocence since the entry into force of the Constitution of 2019. This text analyzes the objective and subjective factors that affect the professional performance of the lawyers of the National Organization of Collective Law Firms when exercising criminal defense in the decisive phase of the clarification of crimes, as well as in the oral trial, pinnacle of the Cuban criminal process, emphasizing the possibility of legal intervention appointed or ex officio before the moment traditionally known in Cuba until 2019, which was: once the precautionary measure was notified; protected by the current Constitution and the Law on Criminal Procedure, and the entry into force of the aforementioned procedural law.
Keywords:
Presumption of innocence, constitutional principles and guarantees, lawyer.
Folate, Vitamin B6, and Vitamin B12Status in Association With Metabolic Syndrome Incidence
Authors: Zhu Jie , Chen Cheng , Lu Liping , Shikany James M. , D’Alton Mary E. , Kahe Ka 
Published: January 2023

ImportanceThe associations of B vitamin status with metabolic syndrome (MetS) incidence among the US population remain unclear.ObjectiveTo investigate intakes and serum concentrations of folate, vitamin B6, and vitamin B12in association with MetS risk in a large US cohort.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis prospective study included Black and White young adults in the US who were enrolled from 1985 to 1986 and studied until 2015 to 2016. Diet was assessed using a validated diet history at examination years 0, 7, and 20. Serum concentrations of folate, vitamin B6, and vitamin B12were assayed at examination years 0, 7, and 15 in a subset of 1430 participants. MetS was ascertained by clinic and laboratory measurements and self-reported medication use. Data were analyzed between January and July 2021.ExposuresIntakes and serum levels of folate, vitamin B6, and vitamin B12.Main Outcomes and MeasuresMultivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs for the associations of energy-adjusted B vitamin intakes or serum B vitamin levels with incident MetS.ResultsThe study included 4414 participants, with 2225 Black individuals (50.4%) and 2331 women (52.8%). The mean (SD) age at baseline was 24.9 (3.6) years. A total of 1240 incident MetS cases occurred during the 30 years (mean [SD], 22.1 [9.5] years) of follow-up. Compared with the lowest quintile of each energy-adjusted B vitamin intake, the HRs for incident MetS in the highest quintile were 0.39 (95% CI, 0.31-0.49) for folate (Pfor trend &amp;lt; .001), 0.61 (95% CI, 0.46-0.81) for vitamin B6(Pfor trend = .002), and 0.74 (95% CI, 0.58-0.95) for vitamin B12(Pfor trend = .008) after adjustment for potential confounders. Similarly, significant inverse associations were observed in the subset with serum data on these B vitamins (folate: HR, 0.23; 95% CI, 0.17-0.33;Pfor trend &amp;lt; .001; vitamin B6: HR, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.34-0.67;Pfor trend &amp;lt; .001; and vitamin B12: HR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.51-0.96;Pfor trend = .01).Conclusions and RelevanceThis prospective cohort study found that intakes and serum concentrations of folate, vitamin B6, and vitamin B12were inversely associated with incident MetS among Black and White young adults in the US.
US Religious Leaders’ Views on the Etiology and Treatment of Depression
Authors: Holleman Anna , Chaves Mark 
Published: January 2023

ImportanceReligious leaders commonly provide assistance to people with mental illness, but little is known about clergy views regarding mental health etiology and appropriate treatment.ObjectiveTo assess the views of religious leaders regarding the etiology and treatment of depression.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cross-sectional study used the National Survey of Religious Leaders, which is a nationally representative survey of leaders of religious congregations in the United States, with data collected from February 2019 to June 2020. Data were analyzed in September and October 2022.Main Outcomes and MeasuresViews about causes of depression (chemical imbalance, genetic problem, traumatic experience, demon possession, lack of social support, lack of faith, and stressful circumstances) and appropriate treatments (seeing a mental health professional, taking prescribed medication, and addressing the situation through religious activity).ResultsThe analytic sample was limited to congregations’ primary leaders (N = 890), with a 70% cooperation rate. Clergy primarily endorsed situational etiologies of depression, with 93% (95% CI, 90%-96%) endorsing stressful circumstances, 82% (95% CI, 77%-87%) endorsing traumatic experiences, and 66% (95% CI, 59%-73%) endorsing lack of social support. Most clergy also endorsed a medical etiology, with 79% (95% CI, 74%-85%) endorsing chemical imbalance and 59% (95% CI, 52%-65%) endorsing genetics. A minority of clergy endorsed religious causes: lack of faith (29%; 95% CI, 22%-35%) or demon possession (16%; 95% CI, 10%-21%). Almost all of the religious leaders who responded to the survey would encourage someone with depressive symptoms to see a mental health professional (90%; 95% CI, 85%-94%), take prescribed medication (87%; 95% CI, 83%-91%), and address symptoms with religious activity (84%; 95% CI, 78%-89%). A small but nontrivial proportion endorsed a religious cause of depression without also endorsing chemical imbalance (8%; 95% CI, 5%-12%) or genetics (20%; 95% CI, 13%-27%) as a likely cause. A similar proportion would encourage someone exhibiting depressive symptoms to engage in religious treatment without also seeing a mental health professional (10%; 95% CI, 5%-14%) or taking prescribed medication (11%; 95% CI, 8%-15%).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cross-sectional survey, the vast majority of clergy embrace a medical understanding of depression’s etiology and treatment. When clergy employ a religious understanding, it most commonly supplements rather than replaces a medical view, although a nontrivial minority endorse only religious interpretations. This should encourage greater collaboration between medical professionals and clergy in addressing mental health needs.
Risk of Esophageal and Gastric Cancer After Bariatric Surgery
Authors: Lazzati Andrea , Poghosyan Tigran , Touati Marwa , Collet Denis , Gronnier Caroline 
Published: January 2023

ImportanceBariatric surgery has been associated with a reduced risk of cancer in individuals with obesity. The association of bariatric surgery with esophageal and gastric cancer is still controversial, however.ObjectiveTo compare the incidence of esophageal and gastric cancer between patients with obesity who underwent bariatric surgery and those who did not (control group).Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cohort study obtained data from a national discharge database, including all surgical centers, in France from January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2017. Participants included adults (aged ≥18 years) with severe obesity who underwent bariatric surgery (surgical group) or who did not (control group). Baseline characteristics were balanced between groups using nearest neighbor propensity score matching with a 1:2 ratio. The study was conducted from March 1, 2020, to June 30, 2021.ExposuresBariatric surgery (adjustable gastric banding, gastric bypass, and sleeve gastrectomy) vs no surgery.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe main outcome was incidence of esophageal and gastric cancer. A secondary outcome was overall in-hospital mortality.ResultsA total of 303 709 patients who underwent bariatric surgery (245 819 females [80.9%]; mean [SD] age, 40.2 [11.9] years) were matched 1:2 with 605 140 patients who did not receive surgery (500 929 females [82.8%]; mean [SD] age, 40.4 [12.5] years). After matching, the 2 groups of patients were comparable in terms of age, sex, and comorbidities (standardized mean difference [SD], 0.05 [0.11]), with some differences in body mass index. The mean follow-up time was 5.62 (2.20) years in the control group and 6.06 (2.31) years in the surgical group. A total of 337 patients had esophagogastric cancer: 83 in the surgical group and 254 in the control group. The incidence rates were 6.9 per 100 000 population per year for the control group and 4.9 per 100 000 population per year for the surgical group, resulting in an incidence rate ratio of 1.42 (95% CI, 1.11-1.82;P = .005). The hazard ratio (HR) of cancer incidence was significantly in favor of the surgical group (HR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.59-0.98;P = .03). Overall mortality was significantly lower in the surgical group (HR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.56-0.64;P &amp;lt; .001).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this large, nationwide cohort of patients with severe obesity, bariatric surgery was associated with a significant reduction of esophageal and gastric cancer incidence and overall in-hospital mortality, which suggests that bariatric surgery can be performed as treatment for severe obesity without increasing the risk of esophageal and gastric cancer.
Catalytic and Aerobic Oxidative C−H Annulation Reaction of Saturated Cyclic Amines for Synthesis of Dipyrroloquinolines
Authors: Matsumoto Kenji , Nakano Rina , Yamada Ken‐ichi , Hirokane Tsukasa , Yoshida Masahiro 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWith the aim of providing an efficient platform for the one‐step construction of nitrogen‐containing polycyclic frameworks, we report a heterogeneous platinum‐catalyzed oxidative α,β‐C(sp3)−H dual functionalization of saturated cyclic amines. This method involves a tandem oxidative dehydrogenation/hetero Diels‐Alder reaction under aerobic mild conditions, providing tetracyclic octahydro‐dipyrroloquinoline frameworks in good yields. The reaction was applied to the synthesis of natural products incargranine B aglycone and seneciobipyrrolidine in one step. This study provides efficient and rapid access to nitrogen‐containing fused tetracyclic compounds in a highly atom‐economical fashion.magnified image
Tailoring Dense, Orientation–Tunable, and Interleavedly Structured Carbon‐Based Heat Dissipation Plates
Authors: Peng Lianqiang , Yu Huitao , Chen Can , He Qingxia , Zhang Heng , Zhao Fulai , Qin Mengmeng , Feng Yiyu , Feng Wei 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe controllability of the microstructure of a compressed hierarchical building block is essential for optimizing a variety of performance parameters, such as thermal management. However, owing to the strong orientation effect during compression molding, optimizing the alignment of materials perpendicular to the direction of pressure is challenging. Herein, to illustrate the effect of the ordered microstructure on heat dissipation, thermally conductive carbon‐based materials are fabricated by tailoring dense, orientation–tunable, and interleaved structures. Vertically aligned carbon nanotube arrays (VACNTs) interconnected with graphene films (GF) are prepared as a 3D core‐ordered material to fabricate compressed building blocks of O–VA–GF and S–VA–GF. Leveraging the densified interleaved structure offered by VACNTs, the hierarchical O–VA–GF achieves excellent through‐plane (41.7 W m−1 K−1) and in‐plane (397.9 W m−1 K−1) thermal conductivities, outperforming similar composites of S–VA–GF (through‐plane: 10.3 W m−1 K−1 and in‐plane: 240.9 W m−1 K−1) with horizontally collapsed carbon nanotubes. As heat dissipation plates, these orderly assembled composites yield a 144% and 44% enhancement in the cooling coefficient compared with conventional Si3N4 for cooling high‐power light‐emitting diode chips.