bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Elevated baseline soluble FcεRI may be linked to early response to omalizumab treatment in chronic spontaneous urticaria
Authors: Moñino‐Romero S. , Kolkhir P. , Ohanyan T. , Szépfalusi Z. , Weller K. , Metz M. , Scheffel J. , Maurer M. , Altrichter S. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundOmalizumab, an anti‐IgE monoclonal antibody, is an effective treatment in chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU). Predictors of fast and good response for omalizumab treatment have not yet been identified and characterized.ObjectiveTo evaluate whether soluble FcεRI (sFcεRI), a marker of IgE‐mediated mast cell activation, predicts the time of response to omalizumab in CSU.MethodsSera of 67 CSU patients were obtained before omalizumab treatment and analysed for sFcεRI levels by ELISA (2 ng/mL was used as cut‐off for elevated sFcɛRI). Treatment response during the first 4 weeks was assessed with the urticaria activity score (UAS7), urticaria control test (UCT) and the rolling UAS7 (rUAS7).ResultsElevated pre‐treatment sFcɛRI levels were detected in more than 70% of patients with completely controlled disease (UCT = 16) and well‐controlled disease (UCT = 12–15) and were significantly associated with disease control (χ2 = 4.94, p < 0.05). More than half of the patients (14/25) with low levels had poor disease control (UCT < 12). Of the patients who achieved complete and marked UAS7 response, respectively, 75% and 63% had elevated baseline sFcɛRI levels. Post‐treatment UAS7 scores were lower in patients with elevated sFcɛRI levels reaching statistical significance at Week 3 (p < 0.05). Patients with elevated baseline sFcɛRI levels achieved rUAS7 ≤ 6 and = 0 earlier than those with lower levels (Days 9 vs. 13 and Days 12 vs. 14, respectively).ConclusionElevated sFcεRI serum levels predict early and good response to treatment with omalizumab, which may help to better design treatment options for CSU patients.
Exploring morphometric frontiers: A comprehensive study of otolith growth patterns in brown comber Serranus hepatus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Authors: Castro‐Gutiérrez Jairo , Madera‐Santana Sara , Rodríguez‐García Carlos , Domínguez‐Bustos Ángel Rafael , Sarmiento‐Carbajal Jésica , Gonçalves‐Neto José Belquior , Cabrera‐Castro Remedios 
Published: August 2023

AbstractOtoliths are widely employed in marine sciences to gain insights into fish growth, age, migrations, and population structure. This study investigates the relationships between morphometric measurements, otolith characteristics, and length size patterns in the brown comber (Serranus hepatus) from the Gulf of Cádiz, a species discarded in artisanal trawl fisheries. Our findings reveal significant changes in otolith shape indices as fish grow, with symmetry observed between left and right otolith measurements. Otolith size is found to be related to fish size, supporting its use in estimating body length at different life stages. Otolith shape analysis has potential applications in stock identification, detecting catch misreporting, and studying marine predator diets. Combining otolith shape analysis with other data types can clarify relationships among taxa and inform spatial management strategies, contributing to the long‐term sustainability of fish populations and the assessment of the impact of management strategies on fish size and growth. This study enhances our understanding of the broader implications of morphometric and otolith analyses in fisheries research and supports the development of more sustainable fisheries management practices.
Precision cancer medicine: Concepts, current practice, and future developments
Authors: Edsjö Anders , Holmquist Louise , Geoerger Birgit , Nowak Frédérique , Gomon Georgy , Alix‐Panabières Catherine , Staaf Johan , Ploeger Carolin , Lassen Ulrik , Le Tourneau Christophe , Lehtiö Janne , Ott Patrick A. , von Deimling Andreas , Fröhling Stefan , Voest Emile , Klauschen Frederick , Dienstmann Rodrigo , Alshibany Aisha , Siu Lillian L. , Stenzinger Albrecht 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPrecision cancer medicine is a multidisciplinary team effort that requires involvement and commitment of many stakeholders including the society at large. Building on the success of significant advances in precision therapy for oncological patients over the last two decades, future developments will be significantly shaped by improvements in scalable molecular diagnostics in which increasingly complex multilayered datasets require transformation into clinically useful information guiding patient management at fast turnaround times. Adaptive profiling strategies involving tissue‐ and liquid‐based testing that account for the immense plasticity of cancer during the patient's journey and also include early detection approaches are already finding their way into clinical routine and will become paramount. A second major driver is the development of smart clinical trials and trial concepts which, complemented by real‐world evidence, rapidly broaden the spectrum of therapeutic options. Tight coordination with regulatory agencies and health technology assessment bodies is crucial in this context. Multicentric networks operating nationally and internationally are key in implementing precision oncology in clinical practice and support developing and improving the ecosystem and framework needed to turn invocation into benefits for patients. The review provides an overview of the diagnostic tools, innovative clinical studies, and collaborative efforts needed to realize precision cancer medicine.
Disseminating cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) for insomnia at scale: capitalising on the potential of digital CBT to deliver clinical guideline care
Authors: Espie Colin A. , Henry Alasdair L. 
Published: August 2023

SummaryCognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is the recommended first‐line treatment for insomnia. However, guideline care is very seldom available and most patients receive no treatment, or less effective second‐line pharmacotherapy or sleep hygiene, neither of which are evidence‐based for chronic insomnia. The primary challenge for CBT has been supply. There are not enough therapists to meet the enormous demand. We must accelerate clinician training, but this approach can never be sufficient, even with abbreviated, efficient therapies. Fortunately, however, the treatment landscape has also changed dramatically. Fully‐automated digital CBT (dCBT) has emerged as a safe, effective, and scalable treatment delivery format. dCBT is software only, so it can be disseminated as readily and widely as sleep medication. Moreover, dCBT can be integrated into services. Just as medications can be delivered through health professionals and health systems, approved dCBT programmes can be the same. However, an ecosystem of psychologically‐based care should not necessitate a medical prescription model. Our proposed stepped care framework, comprises both population health and clinical health service initiatives, enabling universal access to guideline care for insomnia. The diverse ways in which CBT may be delivered (in‐person, face‐to‐face, using telehealth, group therapy, digitally) can operate congruently and efficiently to optimise treatment for people at all levels of complexity and need. With safe and clinically effective dCBT products now set to become established as treatments, clearly differentiated from wellness apps, there is potential to rapidly transform insomnia services and, for the first time, to deliver clinical guideline care at international scale.
Left atrial strain and ventricular global longitudinal strain in cirrhotic patients using the new criteria of Cirrhotic Cardiomyopathy Consortium
Authors: Skouloudi Marina , Bonou Maria S. , Adamantou Magdalini , Parastatidou Despoina , Kapelios Christos , Masoura Konstantina , Efstathopoulos Efstathios , Aggeli Constantina , Papatheodoridis George V. , Barbetseas John , Cholongitas Evangelos 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe new criteria of Cirrhotic Cardiomyopathy Consortium (CCC) propose the use of left ventricular global longitudinal strain (LV‐GLS) for evaluation of systolic function in patients with cirrhosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate LV‐GLS and left atrial (LA) strain in association with the severity of liver disease and to assess the characteristics of cirrhotic cardiomyopathy (CCM).MethodsOne hundred and thirty‐five cirrhotic patients were included. Standard echocardiography and speckle tracking echocardiography (2D‐STE) were performed, and dual X‐ray absorptiometry was used to quantify the total and regional fat mass. CCM was defined, based on the criteria of CCC, as having advanced diastolic dysfunction, left ventricular ejection fraction ≤50% and/or a GLS <18%.ResultsLV‐GLS lower or higher than the absolute mean value (22.7%) was not associated with mortality (logrank, p = 0.96). LV‐GLS was higher in patients with Model for end stage liver disease (MELD) score ≥15 compared to MELD score <15 (p = 0.004). MELD score was the only factor independently associated with systolic function (LV‐GLS <22.7% vs. ≥22.7%) (Odds Ratio:1.141, p = 0.032). Patients with CCM (n = 11) had higher values of estimated volume of visceral adipose tissue compared with patients without CCM (median: 735 vs. 641 cm3, p = 0.039). On multivariable Cox regression analysis, MELD score [Hazard Ratio (HR):1.26, p < 0.001] and LA reservoir strain (HR:0.96, p = 0.017) were the only factors independently associated with the outcome.ConclusionIn our study, absolute LV‐GLS was higher in more severe liver disease, and LA reservoir strain was significantly associated with the outcome in patients with end‐stage liver disease.
Using a handheldUVdevice for disinfection in the patient care environment: A descriptive qualitative study
Authors: Keene Robin , Chatterjee Piyali , Jinadatha Chetan , Williams Marjory 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFrontline nurses play a critical role in the prevention of healthcare‐acquired infections (HAIs) through daily practices of hand hygiene and decontamination of surfaces. Despite these practices, environmental contamination and HAIs persist. Emerging use of UV light at wavelengths safe for human exposure provides additional strategies for disinfecting the patient care environment. The purpose of this qualitative study is to explore frontline nursing feedback regarding a novel handheld UV device prototype. A convenience sample of nurses were invited to participate in facilitated individual or small group discussions led by one member of the research team. Thematic analysis of discussion transcripts was completed by two members of the research team. Sixteen registered nurses participated. Four themes found in the study were time considerations, complexity, safety (patient and nurse), and characteristics of technology to improve patient care. Findings suggest that while nursing staff are willing to use technology, it must be considered valuable to patient care and should not hinder the provision of care. Inclusion of inputs from nursing staff for development of technology identifies potential barriers to acceptance and use in the practice environment.
Decolonial, intersectional pedagogies in Canadian Nursing and Medical Education
Authors: Bhandal Taqdir K. , Browne Annette J. , Ahenakew Cash , Reimer‐Kirkham Sheryl 
Published: August 2023

AbstractOur intention is to contribute to the development of Canadian Nursing and Medical Education (NursMed) and efforts to redress deepening, intersecting health and social inequities. This paper addresses the following two research questions: (1) What are the ways in which Decolonial, Intersectional Pedagogies can inform Canadian NursMed Education with a focus on critically examining settler‐colonialism, health equity, and social justice? (2) What are the potential struggles and adaptations required to integrate Decolonial, Intersectional Pedagogies within Canadian NursMed Education in service of redressing intersecting health and social inequities? Briefly, Decolonial, Intersectional Pedagogies are philosophies of learning that encourage teachers and students to reflect on health through the lenses of settler‐colonialism, health equity, and social justice. Drawing on critical ethnographic research methods, we conducted in‐depth interviews with 25 faculty members and engaged in participant observation of classrooms in university‐based Canadian NursMed Education. The research findings are organized into three major themes, beginning with common institutional features influencing pedagogical approaches. The next set of findings addresses the complex strategies participants apply to integrate Decolonial, Intersectional Pedagogies. Lastly, the findings illustrate the emotional and spiritual toll some faculty members face when attempting to deliver Decolonial, Intersectional Pedagogies. We conclude that through the application of Decolonial, Intersectional Pedagogies teachers and students can support movements towards health equity, social justice, and unlearning/undoing settler‐colonialism. This study contributes new knowledge to stimulate dialog and action regarding the role of health professions education, specifically Nursing and Medicine as an upstream determinant of health in settler‐colonial nations such as Canada, United States, Australia, and New Zealand.
Effect of tidal volume change on pressure‐based prediction of fluid responsiveness in children
Authors: Ji Sang‐Hwan , Jang Young‐Eun , Park Jung‐Bin , Kang Pyoyoon , Cho Sung‐Ae , Kim Eun‐Hee , Lee Ji‐Hyun , Kim Hee‐Soo , Kim Jin‐Tae 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroductionIt is known that pulse pressure variation and systolic pressure variation cannot predict fluid responsiveness in children. In adults, the ability of these dynamic parameters to predict fluid responsiveness is improved by increasing tidal volume. We planned to investigate whether pulse pressure variation or systolic pressure variation can predict fluid responsiveness in children when augmented by increasing tidal volume by conducting a prospective study.MethodsWe enrolled children younger than 7 years who underwent cardiac surgery for atrial septal defect or ventricular septal defect. After sternum closure, pulse pressure variation and systolic pressure variation were continuously recorded while changing the tidal volume to 6, 10, and 14 mL/kg. Fluid loading was done with 10 mL/kg of crystalloids for 10 min, and stroke volume index was measured via transesophageal echocardiography. Children whose stroke volume index increased by more than 15% after the fluid loading were defined as responders to fluid therapy. We set primary outcome as the predictability of pulse pressure variation and systolic pressure variation for fluid responsiveness and measured the area under the curve of receiver operating characteristics curve.ResultsTwenty‐six children were included, of which 15 were responders. At the tidal volume of 14 mL/kg, the area under the curves of receiver operating characteristics curves of pulse pressure variation and systolic pressure variation were 0.576 (p = .517) and 0.548 (p = .678), respectively. The differences in dynamic parameters between responders and nonresponders were not significant.DiscussionFailure of pulse pressure variation or systolic pressure variation at augmented tidal volume in children may be due to difference in their arterial compliance from those of adults. Large compliance of thoracic wall may be another reason.ConclusionsAugmented pulse pressure variation or systolic pressure variation due to increased tidal volume cannot predict fluid responsiveness in children after simple cardiac surgery.
3. Pain originating from the lumbar facet joints
Authors: Van den Heuvel Sandra A. S. , Cohen Steven P. C. , de Andrès Ares Javier , Van Boxem Koen , Kallewaard Jan Willem , Van Zundert Jan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroductionPain originating from the lumbar facets can be defined as pain that arises from the innervated structures comprising the joint: the subchondral bone, synovium, synovial folds, and joint capsule. Reported prevalence rates range from 4.8% to over 50% among patients with mechanical low back pain, with diagnosis heavily dependent on the criteria employed. In well‐designed studies, the prevalence is generally between 10% and 20%, increasing with age.MethodsThe literature on the diagnosis and treatment of lumbar facet joint pain was retrieved and summarized.ResultsThere are no pathognomic signs or symptoms of pain originating from the lumbar facet joints. The most common reported symptom is uni‐ or bilateral (in more advanced cases) axial low back pain, which often radiates into the upper legs in a non‐dermatomal distribution. Most patients report an aching type of pain exacerbated by activity, sometimes with morning stiffness. The diagnostic value of abnormal radiologic findings is poor owing to the low specificity. SPECT can accurately identify joint inflammation and has a predictive value for diagnostic lumbar facet injections. After “red flags” are ruled out, conservatives should be considered. In those unresponsive to conservative therapy with symptoms and physical examination suggesting lumbar facet joint pain, a diagnostic/prognostic medial branch block can be performed which remains the most reliable way to select patients for radiofrequency ablation.ConclusionsWell‐selected individuals with chronic low back originating from the facet joints may benefit from lumbar medial branch radiofrequency ablation.
Sperm and oocyte as carriers for bovine viral diarrhoea virus biotypes during in vitro fertilization
Authors: Rahim‐Tayefeh Aidin , Talebkhan‐Garoussi Massoud , Daliri‐Joupari Morteza , Heidari Farid , Vahidi Maryam , Bakhshesh Mehran , Shirazi Abolfazl 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) is an important viral agent causing the reproductive failure in cattle. The objectives of the study were to assess the role of male and female gametes, as carriers of cytopathic (CP) and non‐cytopathic (NCP) BVDV to embryonic cells during in vitro fertilization. In this respect, sperm and oocytes were separately exposed to concentrations of 104.5or 105.5TCID50/mL CP and NCP BVDV, for 2 h before fertilization. After washing, the intact gametes with the infected gametes were inseminated. Seven days post‐fertilization, the virus‐exposed embryos were examined for presence of the viral genome by RT‐PCR. One‐wayanovawith post‐hoc Tukey's HSD test and an independent samplest‐test were used to compare within and between groups, respectively. The results presented a significant decrease in the blastocyst rates for CP‐infected groups than NCP‐infected groups (p ≤ .01). Compared to the controls and the infected oocyte groups, the cleavage rates of the infected sperm groups (NCP and CP BVDV) were significantly reduced both in low (104.5TCID50/mL) and high (105.5TCID50/mL) titres of the virus (p ≤ .01). The proportion of embryos which was developed to blastocyst stages was significantly lower for CP and NCP‐infected groups than the control groups (p ≤ .001). According to the molecular results, all samples of the retarded/degenerated embryos (at least one blastocyst within each one) in CP and NCP groups, one sample (at least one blastocyst in that) within a CP‐infected group, and six samples (at least one blastocyst in each one of those) of NCP‐infected groups contained the viral nucleic acid. Likewise, the results of viral enrichment showed all reactions in which RT‐PCR were positive induced CPEs in MDBK monolayers. In conclusion, it is clear that CP and NCP BVDV were able to traverse zona pellucida during fertilization, and they had also negative effects on embryo development.
Analysis of tissue lipidomics and computed tomography pulmonary fat attenuation volume (CTPFAV) in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: O'Callaghan Marissa , Duignan John , Tarling Elizabeth J. , Waters Darragh K. , McStay Megan , O'Carroll Orla , Bridges James P. , Redente Elizabeth F. , Franciosi Alessandro N. , McGrath Emmet E. , Butler Marcus W. , Dodd Jonathan D. , Fabre Aurelie , Murphy David J. , Keane Michael P. , McCarthy Cormac 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveThere is increasing interest in the role of lipids in processes that modulate lung fibrosis with evidence of lipid deposition in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) histological specimens. The aim of this study was to identify measurable markers of pulmonary lipid that may have utility as IPF biomarkers.Study Design and MethodsIPF and control lung biopsy specimens were analysed using a unbiased lipidomic approach. Pulmonary fat attenuation volume (PFAV) was assessed on chest CT images (CTPFAV) with 3D semi‐automated lung density software. Aerated lung was semi‐automatically segmented and CTPFAV calculated using a Hounsfield‐unit (−40 to −200HU) threshold range expressed as a percentage of total lung volume. CTPFAV was compared to pulmonary function, serum lipids and qualitative CT fibrosis scores.ResultsThere was a significant increase in total lipid content on histological analysis of IPF lung tissue (23.16 nmol/mg) compared to controls (18.66 mol/mg, p = 0.0317). The median CTPFAV in IPF was higher than controls (1.34% vs. 0.72%, p < 0.001) and CTPFAV correlated significantly with DLCO% predicted (R2 = 0.356, p < 0.0001) and FVC% predicted (R2 = 0.407, p < 0.0001) in patients with IPF. CTPFAV correlated with CT features of fibrosis; higher CTPFAV was associated with >10% reticulation (1.6% vs. 0.94%, p = 0.0017) and >10% honeycombing (1.87% vs. 1.12%, p = 0.0003). CTPFAV showed no correlation with serum lipids.ConclusionCTPFAV is an easily quantifiable non‐invasive measure of pulmonary lipids. In this pilot study, CTPFAV correlates with pulmonary function and radiological features of IPF and could function as a potential biomarker for IPF disease severity assessment.
Effect of increased running speed and weight carriage on peak and cumulative tibial loading
Authors: Rice Hannah , Seynnes Olivier , Werkhausen Amelie 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroductionTibial stress injuries are a burdensome injury among military recruits. Military activities include running and the carriage of additional weight, and this may be related to the high risk of bone stress injuries. The aim of this study was to quantify tibial loading when running at two different speeds, with and without additional weight, and to quantify their combined influence.MethodsFourteen male distance runners who ran at least 40 km per week ran barefoot on a force‐instrumented treadmill in four conditions representing preferred running speed (mean (SD) 3.1 (0.3) m/s) and 20% increased running speed (3.8 (0.4) m/s), with and without 20% of body weight carried in a weight vest. Kinematics and kinetics were synchronously collected. Bending moments were estimated about the medial‐lateral axis of the tibial centroid located 1/3rd of the length from distal to proximal. Static equilibrium was ensured at each 1% of stance. Peak bending moments were obtained in addition to cumulative‐weighted loading, where weighted loading accounted for the relative importance of the magnitude of the bending moment and the quantity of loading using a bone‐dependent weighting factor.ResultsThere were no interaction effects for running speed and weight carriage on peak or cumulative tibial loading. Running at a 20% faster speed increased peak and cumulative loading per kilometer by 8.0% (p < 0.001) and 4.8% (p < 0.001), respectively. Carriage of an additional 20% of body weight increased peak and cumulative loading per kilometer by 6.6% (p < 0.001) and 8.5% (p < 0.001), respectively.InterpretationIncreasing the physical demand of running by increasing speed or weight carriage increased peak tibial loading and cumulative tibial loading per kilometer, and this may increase the risk of tibial stress injury. Running speed and weight carriage independently influenced tibial loading.