bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence and factors associated with flares following COVID-19 mRNA vaccination in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis and spondyloarthritis: a national cohort study
Authors: Fong Warren , Woon Ting Hui , Chew Li-Ching , Low Andrea , Law Annie , Poh Yih Jia , Yeo Siaw Ing , Leung Ying Ying , Ma Margaret , Santosa Amelia , Kong Kok Ooi , Xu Chuanhui , Teng Gim Gee , Mak Anselm , Tay Sen Hee , Chuah Tyng Yu , Roslan Nur Emillia , Angkodjojo Stanley , Phang Kee Fong , Sriranganathan Melonie , Tan Teck Choon , Cheung Peter , Lahiri Manjari 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objective
To determine prevalence and factors associated with flares post Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) mRNA vaccination in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and spondyloarthritis (SpA).

Methods
A retrospective multi-centre study was conducted (January 2021 to February 2022). Data were collected during index visit, defined as first post-vaccine visit in which the patient had a physician-defined flare, or if at least 3 months had elapsed since first vaccine dose, whichever came first. Factors associated with flares were identified using mixed effects Cox regression and expressed as hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI).

Results
Total of 2377 patients were included (1563 RA, 415 PsA and 399 SpA). Among patients with RA, PsA and SpA, 21.3%, 24.1% and 21.8% experienced a flare respectively. Of those who experienced a flare, only 10.2%, 11.0% and 14.9% were severe in patients with RA, PsA and SpA respectively. Patients with low or moderate/high disease were more likely to flare compared to those in remission in patients with RA only (HR: 1.68, 95% CI 1.22–2.31; HR: 2.28, 95% CI 1.50–3.48, respectively). Receiving the Moderna vaccine was associated with a higher HR of flare compared to the Pfizer vaccine in patients with PsA only (HR: 2.21, 95% CI 1.20–4.08). Patients who had two vaccine doses were found to be less likely to flare (HR: 0.08, 95% CI 0.06–0.10). HRs of flares were not significantly different among RA, PsA and SpA.

Conclusion
About one-fifth of patients experienced a disease flare post COVID-19 mRNA vaccination, but most flares were non-severe. Patients with active disease prior to vaccination should be monitored closely for disease flares, especially in patients with RA.
Olfactory mucosa steroid injection in treatment of post-COVID-19 olfactory dysfunction: a randomized control trial
Authors: Lasheen Hisham , Abou-Zeid Mohamed Aly 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Olfactory dysfunction can be a troublesome condition affecting the quality of life of the patient. Post-viral olfactory dysfunction is the most common cause attributing to up to 40% of anosmia. COVID-19 infection commonly causes anosmia in 30–66% of patients. The long-term effect of post-COVID olfactory dysfunction is reported to be increasing in incidence. Steroids are usually used in the treatment of olfactory dysfunction and most commonly used locally in the form of nasal steroid sprays, rinses, or drops. Oral systemic steroids are sometimes used; however, they have several known side effects. Other treatments experimented include giving vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, antivirals, and monoclonal antibodies, in addition to olfactory training, counseling, and acupuncture. In this study, the effect of intranasal steroid injection is studied in post-COVID olfactory dysfunction.

Results
Forty patients with olfactory dysfunction post-COVID-19 for more than 3 months were randomly divided into 2 groups. Group A patients received 8 doses of dexamethasone over 2 months (twice weekly) injected near the olfactory mucosa in the nasal septum and middle turbinate, compared to group B who received saline injected in the same way as placebo. Numerically, nasal injection of corticosteroids in group A showed more subjective improvement using the questionnaire of olfactory disorders-negative statement QOD-NS than the control patients in group B but this improvement was statistically insignificant.

Conclusion
The use of intranasal corticosteroids injection should be considered in the treatment of post-COVID anosmia.
Myxoid solitary fibrous tumor with rapid growth due to increased mucinous components: a case report
Authors: Kondo Kaoru , Shiotani Toshio , Furukawa Shinichi , Watanabe Mototsugu , Kataoka Kazuhiko 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Myxoid solitary fibrous tumors are defined as solitary fibrous tumors with ≥ 50% mucinous components. As they are a rare type of pleural tumor, no reports on their rapid growth before surgery exist.

Case presentation
Herein, we report the case of a 63-year-old male patient with a myxoid solitary fibrous tumor. The tumor had grown rapidly from 27 to 50 mm over 6 months, and a contrast-enhancing area was observed in approximately one-quarter of the tumor on computed tomography. The tumor was located in the parietal pleura at the ventral part of the left fourth intercostal space without adhesion or invasion into surrounding organs. It was completely resected via video-assisted thoracic surgery. Based on histopathological and immunohistochemical findings, the tumor was identified as a myxoid solitary fibrous tumor. The patient was discharged on postoperative day 2 and has had recurrence-free survival for 6 months postoperatively.

Conclusions
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case to report the rapid growth of myxoid solitary fibrous tumor despite its predominantly benign nature. Myxoid solitary fibrous tumors should be considered in the differential diagnosis of rapidly growing preoperative tumors.
Aortic valve neocuspidization using bovine pericardium for prosthetic valve endocarditis in a hemodialysis patient
Authors: Go Seimei , Takasaki Taiichi , Katayama Keijiro , Takahashi Shinya 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Hemodialysis patients are at high risk for prosthetic valve endocarditis (PVE) because of the risk of bacteria entering with each hemodialysis session. To avoid the use of artificial materials as much as possible, we performed aortic valve neocuspidization (AVNeo) using bovine pericardium.

Case presentation
A 67-year-old patient had undergone aortic valve replacement using a bioprosthetic valve 4 months previous. For the past month, he had had PVE caused by Candida glabrata. Because the pericardium had already been incised in the previous surgery and there was not enough pericardium left for neocuspidization, we performed AVNeo using bovine pericardium. The previously implanted bioprosthetic valve revealed sticky fungal warts on the leaflet and valve ring, which prevented the movement of the valves. We cut all of the threads holding the valve and removed the bioprosthetic valve. Three valves were cut from the bovine pericardium using a unique template following the method of Ozaki et al. and were fixed to the valve ring with a running suture. The postoperative course was good.

Conclusions
We believe that this treatment is an effective method for PVE because we can avoid the use of artificial materials as much as possible.
The alarms should no longer be ignored: survey of the demand, capacity and provision of adult community eating disorder services in England and Scotland before COVID-19
Authors: Viljoen David , King Emily , Harris Sophie , Hollyman Jonathan , Costello Kate , Galvin Eimear , Stock Melissa , Schmidt Ulrike , Downs James , Sekar Murali , Newell Ciaran , Clark-Stone Sam , Wicksteed Amy , Foster Caroline , Battisti Francesca , Williams Laura , Jones Roshan , Beglin Sarah , Anderson Stephen , Jebarsan Thuthirna , Ghuys Viviane , Ayton Agnes 
Published: August 2023

Aims/methodThis national pre-pandemic survey compared demand and capacity of adult community eating disorder services (ACEDS) with NHS England (NHSE) commissioning guidance.ResultsThirteen services in England and Scotland responded (covering 10.7 million population). Between 2016–2017 and 2019–2020 mean referral rates increased by 18.8%, from 378 to 449/million population. Only 3.7% of referrals were from child and adolescent eating disorder services (CEDS-CYP), but 46% of patients were aged 18–25 and 54% were aged >25. Most ACEDS had waiting lists and rationed access. Many could not provide full medical monitoring, adapt treatment for comorbidities, offer assertive outreach or provide seamless transitions. For patient volume, the ACEDS workforce budget was 15%, compared with the NHSE workforce calculator recommendations for CEDS-CYP. Parity required £7 million investment/million population for the ACEDS.Clinical implicationsThis study highlights the severe pressure in ACEDS, which has increased since the COVID-19 pandemic. Substantial investment is required to ensure NHS ACEDS meet national guidance, offer evidence-based treatment, reduce risk and preventable deaths, and achieve parity with CEDS-CYP.
Defining severity of personality disorder using electronic health records: short report
Authors: Monk-Cunliffe Jonathan , Kadra-Scalzo Giouliana , Finamore Chloe , Dale Oliver , Khondoker Mizanur , Barrett Barbara , Shetty Hitesh , Hayes Richard D. , Moran Paul 
Published: August 2023

Summary
Severity of personality disorder is an important determinant of future health. However, this key prognostic variable is not captured in routine clinical practice. Using a large clinical data-set, we explored the predictive validity of items from the Health of Nation Outcome Scales (HoNOS) as potential indicators of personality disorder severity. For 6912 patients with a personality disorder diagnosis, we examined associations between HoNOS items relating to core personality disorder symptoms (self-harm, difficulty in interpersonal relationships, performance of occupational and social roles, and agitation and aggression) and future health service use. Compared with those with no self-harm problem, the total healthcare cost was 2.74 times higher (95% CI 1.66–4.52; P < 0.001) for individuals with severe to very severe self-harm problems. Other HoNOS items did not demonstrate clear patterns of association with service costs. Self-harm may be a robust indicator of the severity of personality disorder, but further replication work is required.
Psychological distress, self-harm and suicide attempts in gender minority compared with cisgender adolescents in the UK
Authors: White James , Trinh Mai-Han , Reynolds Colleen A. 
Published: August 2023

Background
Few population-based studies have compared the mental health of gender minority and cisgender adolescents.

Aims
To compare reports of psychological distress, behavioural and emotional difficulties, self-harm and suicide attempts between gender minority and cisgender adolescents.

Method
Data came from the Millennium Cohort Study (n = 10 247), a large nationally representative birth cohort in the UK. At a 17-year follow-up, we assessed gender identity, psychological distress (Kessler K6 scale), behavioural and emotional difficulties (parent and child reports on the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire), self-harm in the previous year, suicide attempts, substance use, and victimisation including harassment and physical and sexual assaults. Multivariable modified Poisson and linear regression models were used. Attenuation after the inclusion of victimisation and substance use was used to explore mediation.

Results
Of the 10 247 participants, 113 (1.1%) reported that they were a gender minority. Gender minority participants reported more psychological distress (coefficient 5.81, 95% CI 4.87–6.74), behavioural and emotional difficulties (child report: coefficient 5.60; 95% CI 4.54–6.67; parent/carer report: coefficient 2.60; 95% CI 1.47–3.73), self-harm including cutting or stabbing (relative risk (RR) 4.38; 95% CI 3.55–5.40), burning (RR 3.81; 95% CI 2.49–5.82), taking an overdose (RR 5.25; 95% CI 3.35–8.23) and suicide attempts (RR 3.42; 95% CI 2.45–4.78) than cisgender youth. These associations were partially explained by differences in exposure to victimisation.

Conclusions
Gender minority adolescents experience a disproportionate burden of mental health problems. Policies are needed to reduce victimisation and services should be adapted to better support the mental health of gender minority adolescents.
Thyroglobulin Cutoff Values for Detecting Excellent Response to Therapy in Patients With Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Sipos Jennifer A , Aloi Joseph , Gianoukakis Andrew , Lee Stephanie L , Klopper Joshua P , Kung Jacqueline T , Lupo Mark A , Morgenstern David , Prat-Knoll Cristina , Schuetzenmeister Andre , Goldner Whitney S 
Published: August 2023

AbstractContextSerum thyroglobulin (Tg) is a biochemical marker for detecting persistent or recurrent differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) post-thyroidectomy. Tg can indicate DTC before structural disease (SD) is visible with imaging procedures.ObjectiveThis work aimed to evaluate the clinical performance of the Elecsys® Tg II assay at a Tg cutoff of 0.2 ng/mL for ruling out SD in adults with DTC after total/near-total thyroidectomy, with or without radioiodine ablation (RAI).MethodsPatients were enrolled into 2 cohorts: longitudinal (Tg assessed every 6 months over 2 years under thyroid-stimulating hormone [TSH] suppression therapy following thyroidectomy with or without RAI) and cross-sectional with confirmed SD (Tg assessed once &gt;12 weeks after thyroidectomy). Analyses were performed for both cohorts combined and in the longitudinal cohort.ResultsThe study included 530 clinically evaluable samples, the majority (n = 424 samples) from patients who had not received RAI treatment. Following correction for SD prevalence (4.97% in the longitudinal cohort), an Elecsys Tg II cutoff of 0.2 ng/mL ruled out SD with a negative predictive value of 99.9% (95% CI, 99.5%-100%). The assay had excellent sensitivity (98.5%-100%) and acceptable specificity (53.4%-53.5%) for detecting SD (Tg ≥ 0.2 ng/mL) for both cohorts combined and in the longitudinal cohort, with similar findings in RAI-treated and non-RAI-treated subgroups.ConclusionIn this cohort of DTC patients post-thyroidectomy, a Tg cutoff of 0.2 ng/mL was highly effective for ruling out the presence of SD under TSH-suppressed conditions, including in patients who had not received RAI treatment.
The altered sputum microbiome profile in patients with moderate and severe COPD compared to the healthy group in the Indian population
Authors: Hazra Druti , SM Fayaz , Chawla Kiran , Sintchenko Vitali , Martinez Elena , Magazine Rahul , Siddalingaiah Nayana 
Published: August 2023

Background: Microbial culture-independent sequencing techniques have advanced our understanding of host-microbiome interactions in health and disease. The purpose of this study was to explore the dysbiosis of airway microbiota in patients with moderate or severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and compare them with healthy controls. Methods: The COPD patients were investigated for disease severity based on airflow limitations and divided into moderate (50%≤FEV1<80% predicted) and severe groups (FEV1<50% predicted). Spontaneous sputum samples were collected and, the V3-V4 regions of the 16S rRNA coding gene were sequenced to examine the microbiome profile of COPD and healthy participants. Results: A total of 45 sputum samples were collected from 17 severe COPD, 12 moderate COPD cases, and 16 healthy volunteers. The bacterial alpha diversity (Shannon and Simpson’s index) significantly decreased in the moderate and severe COPD groups, compared to healthy samples. A significantly higher proportion of Firmicutes and Actinobacteria were present in moderate COPD, and Proteobacteria numbers were comparatively increased in severe COPD. In healthy samples, Bacteroidetes and Fusobacteria were more abundant in comparison to both the COPD groups. Among the most commonly detected 20 bacterial genera, Streptococcus was predominant among the COPD sputum samples, whereas Prevotella was the top genus in healthy controls. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA>2) revealed that marker genera like Streptococcus and Rothia were abundant in moderate COPD. For severe COPD, the genera Pseudomonas and Leptotrichia were most prevalent, whereas Fusobacterium and Prevotella were dominant in the healthy group. Conclusions: Our findings suggest a significant dysbiosis of the respiratory microbiome in COPD patients. The decreased microbial diversity may influence the host immune response and provide microbiological biomarkers for the diagnosis and monitoring of COPD.
A historical perspective on the insect central complex: Anatomy, development, and function
Authors: Gillet Valentin , Kluge Janka , Patel Rickesh N. 
Published: August 2023

The central complex (CX), a remarkable brain region at the core of insect behaviors, has been the subject of extensive research for decades. In this review, we offer a comprehensive historical perspective on the anatomy, development, and function of the CX. The CX consists of discrete and highly structured neuropils found at the center of the brain, and conserved across insects and arthropods. The developmental processes that shape it are themselves conserved across all panarthropods. In early research, the CX had been shown to receive visual information and control motor function. Using increasingly advanced methods throughout the years, it has become clear that the CX is involved in high-level behavioral control, including multimodal sensory cue integration as well as learning and memory. Its numerical simplicity presents a rare opportunity to study structure-function relationships in small brains, gain insights into evolutionary neurobiology, and develop novel neuromorphic technologies inspired by insect brains. Since the CX is a highly conserved brain region that controls a multitude of complex behaviors, it is uniquely suited to gain a detailed understanding of the computations required for these processes at the level of neural circuits.
AI in Retail Industry: Reshaping Shopping Experience and Business Profitability
Authors: Chandramana Sudeep 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is depicted as the actions of machines doing tasks that usually require human intelligence. Though this idea of Artificial Intelligence can be traced back to Greek mythology, it was only during modern history, the world witnessed the development of programme-driven computer machines. Now it has become a web of millions of codes and algorithms and is increasingly playing an integral role in every industry sector. E-commerce Industry had once disrupted the age-old traditional retail industry, especially in India where the retailers now largely depend on these platforms for their product’s sale. Today it's coming in the form of Artificial Intelligence which will be a great advantage for the retail industry. To be competitive today, retailers need to respond to their customers like never before, at the same time reducing the amount of waste and inefficiency in their operations. They can get there with data, but it takes intelligent analysis to make sense of the vast amount of data. This article analyses the emerging trends and practices of using Artificial Intelligence in retail industry in order to enhance customer experiences and result in value additions to retail businesses.
Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Retail Business, Digital Retailing, Smart Retailing
Transformation in Destination Attractiveness Attributes after Covid 19 Pandemic: A Review
Authors: Roy Bindu , Bhatia Archana , Maitra Rekha 
Published: August 2023

From a historical perspective, it is impossible to envision tourism without travellers’ mobility. However, the Covid-19 pandemic unlocked new avenues for tourism, including virtual travel. The pandemic seriously impacted the travel and tourism industries due to border closures that grounded the transportation industry and led to job losses. Historically, tourism has quickly bounced back after disasters, pandemics, and epidemics. Hence, a new outlook was developed with the introduction of the New Normal or “business as usual”. The pandemic of covid-19 has compelled tourism industry stakeholders to explore and analyze the transformative attributes of tourist destination attractiveness to revive the industry and regain tourists’ confidence. The research study is constructed on secondary data and literature analysis. The researchers have examined numerous studies representing transformative destination attractiveness to examine the characteristics. The study concludes that there is a paradigm shift in the attributes affecting tourist destination attractiveness which will help the tourism stakeholders in marketing and restarting tourism after the pandemic. These transformative attributes will increase the number of visitors, assisting the tourism industry's recovery from the pandemic.
Keywords: Tourist Destination Attractiveness, Transformative Attributes, Revival of tourism
Overplaying-Welfarism and Social Security: The Case of the Karnataka Building and Other Construction Worker’s Welfare Board
Authors: Gangadhara Manjunath 
Published: August 2023

The Union Ministry of Labour and Employment notes that the unorganized sector of workers constitutes about 93% of India’s labour workforce. Despite the presence of a vast majority- the role of welfare policies and their impact on the unorganised labour workforce has largely been unascertained. This can be seen with the exclusion of unorganised workers with the various benefits under the new labour codes, despite substantive recommendations by the Parliamentary Standing Committee on Labour on the same. The Building and Other Construction Workers (Regulation of Employment and Conditions of Service) Act, 1996 provides for the establishment of State Welfare Boards that use the construction cess collected to formulate various welfare schemes for the benefit of construction workers. The Supreme Court in the year 2012 expressed grave concerns about the ineffective utilization of funds by the State Welfare Boards, and in this regard, a Model Welfare Scheme was formulated in 2016. Using data from the annual reports of the Karnataka Building and Other Construction Workers Welfare Board-this paper finds glaring inconsistencies in the current schemes formulated by the Karnataka Building and Other Construction Workers Welfare Board, such as the inclusion of schemes not envisaged under the Model Welfare Scheme and not meeting the necessary conditions envisaged under the Model Welfare Scheme to name a few. The paper compares the schemes along with the ILO’s Convention 102 on Social Security- asserting that despite India being a non-signatory to the convention- its mandate on the minimum standards of social security needs to be followed. Such disparity in the formulation of welfare schemes not only ensures that the intended beneficiaries of such schemes continue to be left out of the result of welfare, but it also adds an unnecessary burden on the State both in terms of expenditure and resources. The paper recommends significant policy reforms such as the removal of schemes contrary to both the Model Welfare Scheme and the ILO Convention 102 on Social Security and larger transparency on scheme-wise expenditure for better implementation of welfare schemes by the Karnataka Building and Other Construction Workers Welfare Board.