bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acylsugar tomato lines suppress whiteflies and Amblyseius swirskii establishment
Authors: Pandey Swikriti , da Silva Andre Luiz Biscaia Ribeiro , Dutta Bhabesh , Chong Juang Horng , Mutschler Martha Ann , Schmidt Jason M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPlant defense traits such as trichomes along with biocontrol agents may provide alternatives to insecticide use in tomatoes, Solanum lycopersicum L. (Solanaceae). However, plant‐herbivore‐natural enemy interactions are not always complementary. In a series of greenhouse and field experiments, we explored whether augmented defense traits (i.e., production of acylsugars) in tomato plants could reduce sweet potato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci Gennadius (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), populations and aid the establishment of the predatory mite Amblyseius swirskii Athias‐Henriot (Acari: Phytoseiidae). In the field experiment, commercial tomato cultivars and acylsugar‐producing tomato lines received no predatory mites or mites released via three methods: dusting on top, dusting on bottom, or slow‐release sachets. In the first greenhouse experiment, predatory mites were released onto the commercial and acylsugar‐producing tomato plants via sachets. In the second greenhouse experiment using a similar design, we augmented the mite diet with an alternative non‐prey resource (i.e., cattail pollen). Our results indicated that acylsugar‐producing tomato plants supported significantly fewer whiteflies than the commercial lines in all experiments. However, in the field, despite lower whitefly numbers, Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) (Geminiviridae, Begomovirus) was detected at higher frequencies in acylsugar‐producing lines. Few mites were recovered from all commercial and acylsugar‐producing lines in the field or greenhouse experiments suggesting A. swirskii does not establish well on tomatoes, and acylsugar lines successfully decreased whitefly populations but not a viral disease transmitted even at low whitefly abundance.
Preventive dental service use and oral health‐related quality of life in Brazilian older adults
Authors: Dietrich Tauana Rabuske , Debona Gabriela , de Spessato Schwerz Paola , Fagundes Maria Laura Braccini , Hugo Fernando Neves , Hilgert Juliana Balbinot , do Amaral Giordani Jessye Melgarejo , do Amaral Júnior Orlando Luiz 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundInformation on the use of preventive dental services and associated variables is needed to guide policy for the old adult population and consequently promote better oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL).ObjectiveTo investigate the association between preventive dental service use and OHRQoL by older Brazilians.Materials and MethodsThis cross‐sectional study was carried out using the baseline data of participants of the Brazilian Longitudinal Stud of Aging (ELSEI‐Brazil) who were aged 60 years or more. Associations with the use of preventive dental services were carried out using Poisson regression models with robust variance, adjusting for confounders.ResultsThe final sample consisted of 5432 older adults. Almost all (90.7%) participants reported not having sought preventive dental services in the last year. Individuals who used dental services for prevention had fewer impacts on their OHRQoL (RR: 0.74; [95% CI: 0.57–0.97]).ConclusionPreventive dental service use is associated with a better OHRQoL in older Brazilians. Policies to improve access to preventive dental services may result in improved OHRQoL in this age group.
Differentiated expressed miRNAs in splenic monocyte induced by burn injury in mice
Authors: Liu Hong‐sheng , Li Lun‐chao , Wang Man , Liu Dong‐sheng , Su Qin , Zhang Qing‐Hong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTo find potential biomarkers based on miRNA and their potential targets in splenic monocytes in burn‐injured mice. Male Balb/c mice were subjected to sham or scalding injury of 15% total body surface area. Spenic CD11b+ monocytes were purified with magnetic beads. The monocytes were cultured in the presence of lipopolysaccharide. The proliferation of monocytes was detected by MTT assay, and the cytokines in the supernatant were examined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. The purified monocytes were also under total RNA extraction. The differential monocytic miRNAs expression between the sham and burn‐injured mice was analysed by miRNA microarray. The activity of monocytes was comparable between the two groups (p > 0.05). However, monocytes from burn‐injured mice secreted higher levels of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)‐α and transforming growth factor‐β, but lower level of monocyte chemoattratctant protein‐1. A total of 54 miRNAs were differentially expressed in monocytes from burn relative to sham‐injured mice (fold >3). Further quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction confirmed that the expression of miR‐146a was significantly down‐regulated, while miR‐3091‐6p was up‐regulated after burn injury. Using the combination of Miranda and TargetScan softwares, we found that mir‐146a may regulate 180 potential target genes including TNF receptor related factor 6 (TRAF6), interleukin‐1 receptor related kinase 1 (IRAK1) and CD28. Mir‐3091‐6p may regulate 39 potential targets, including SOCS7 (cytokine signal transduction inhibitor 7) and ARRB2 (arrestin, β 2). The miRNAs expressed by monocytes after burn injury may be involved in the regulation of innate immune response in burn injury.
A slightly adapted treadmill protocol for the determination of maximal oxygen uptake in adults with Down syndrome
Authors: Boer Pieter‐Henk 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe VO2max test is the gold standard measure for aerobic fitness. A standardised treadmill protocol was developed years ago for individuals with Down syndrome but with variations in terms of starting speed, load increases and time spent at each stage. However, we realised that the most widely used protocol for adults with Down syndrome, trouble participants with high treadmill speeds. Consequently, the purpose of the current study was to determine whether an adapted protocol provided improved maximal test performance.MethodTwelve adults (33 ± 6 years) randomly performed two variations of the standardised treadmill test.ResultsThe protocol that added another incremental incline stage increase yielded a significant improvement in absolute and relative VO2peak, time to exhaustion, minute ventilation and heart rate max.ConclusionA treadmill protocol with the addition of an incremental incline stage allowed for a significant improvement in maximal test performance.
Maze design: size and number of choices impact fish performance in cognitive assays
Authors: Jones Nick A. R. , Cortese Daphne , Munson Amelia , Spence‐Jones Helen C. , Storm Zoe , Killen Shaun S. , Bethel Ruth , Deacon Amy E. , Webster Mike M. , Závorka Libor 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAlthough studies on fish cognition are increasing, consideration of how methodological details influence the ability to detect and measure performance is lagging. Here, in two separate experiments the authors compared latency to leave the start position, latency to make a decision, levels of participation and success rates (whether fish entered the rewarded chamber as first choice) across different physical designs. Experiments compared fish performance across (a) two sizes of T‐mazes, large and standard, and a plus‐maze, and (b) open choice arenas with either two or four doors. Fish in T‐mazes with longer arms took longer to leave the start chamber and were less likely to participate in a trial than fish in T‐mazes with shorter arms. The number of options, or complexity, in a maze significantly impacted success but did not necessarily impact behavioural measures, and did not impact the number of fish that reached a chamber. Fish in the plus‐maze had similar latencies to leave the start box and time to reach any chamber as fish in the same‐sized T‐maze but exhibited lower overall success. Similarly, in an open choice arena, increasing the number of options – doors to potential reward chambers − resulted in lower probability of success. There was an influence of reward position in the choice arena, with rewarded chambers closest to the sides of the arena resulting in lower latencies to enter and higher probability of decision success. Together the results allow the authors to offer practical suggestions towards optimal maze design for studies of fish cognition.
Modeling the survival of Campylobacter jejuni in raw milk considering the viable but non‐culturable cells (VBNC)
Authors: Knipper Anna‐Delia , Plaza‐Rodríguez Carolina , Filter Matthias , Wulsten Imke F. , Stingl Kerstin , Crease Tasja 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCampylobacter spp. cannot grow in raw milk, but it is able to transform into a viable but non‐culturable (VBNC) state enabling the survival in such harsh conditions. In this study, Campylobacter jejuni survival in raw milk was investigated taken into consideration colony‐forming units (CFUs) and VBNC cells. CFU from two different strains of C. jejuni (DSM 4688 and BfR‐CA‐18043) were enumerated at three temperatures (5°C, 8°C, and 12°C). In parallel, a viability real‐time PCR was conducted to quantify intact and putatively infectious units (IPIUs) (comprising CFU and VBNC bacteria). The data generated were used to model the viability of C. jejuni during raw milk storage. Here, a one‐step fitting approach was performed using parameter estimates from an intermediate two‐step fit as starting values to generate tertiary models. Different primary model equations (Trilinear and Weibull) were required to fit the CFU and the IPIU data. Strain‐specific linear secondary models were generated to analyze the effect of storage temperature on the maximum specific inactivation rate of the CFU data. The time of the first decimal reduction parameter of the IPIU models could be modeled by a strain‐independent linear secondary model. The developed tertiary models for CFU and IPIU differ significantly in their predictions, for example, for the time required for a one log10 reduction. Taken into consideration that VBNC could revert to a culturable state during the raw milk storage, our results underline the importance of considering IPIU and not only CFU to avoid underestimation of the survival of C. jejuni in raw milk.
Single and flourishing: Transcending the deficit narratives of single life
Authors: DePaulo Bella 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFrom the couples‐centered perspective that has dominated public discourse and scholarly literature, the values and interests of coupled people are the implicit standard against which single people are judged, resulting in deficit narratives of single life. From that perspective, single people are “alone” and “unattached,” the important people in their lives are mere substitutes for a romantic partner, and their families, if recognized at all, are described as “alternative” family forms. From a singles‐centered perspective, single life can be a psychologically rich life of freedom and autonomy, where people can chart their own life course, and value “The Ones” rather than “The One.” Solitude can be savored rather than feared, and family, intimacy, and love encompass far more than just nuclear family, sexual intimacy, and romantic love. A singles‐centered perspective recognizes systems of inequality that disadvantage single people and privilege coupled people.
Workforce Survey of Connecticut Midwives
Authors: Welsh Stephanie , LoGiudice Jenna A. , Holland Eliza , Rendeiro Gregorio Melissa 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionMidwives in Connecticut lack resources for current, state‐specific data regarding compensation, benefits, work hours, and scope of practice. The primary purpose of this study was to provide detailed information about the work and services provided by midwives in Connecticut and how they are compensated.MethodsCertified nurse‐midwives (CNMs) licensed in Connecticut were recruited for a 53‐question online survey between October 2021 and February 2022. The survey included topics such as compensation, benefits, practice patterns, and precepting.ResultsFor full‐time salaried CNMs in Connecticut, compensation was higher than the national average for midwives. A majority of CNMs in the state work 40 hours per week or less in physician‐owned private practices and are preceptors.DiscussionFor midwives planning to negotiate contracts in Connecticut, this report provides important information to ensure fair compensation and work hours. The survey also serves as a roadmap for midwives in other states who wish to collect and disseminate similar workforce data.
Comparison of the efficacy between controlled‐release dinoprostone delivery system (PROPESS) and Cook's double balloon catheter plus oxytocin: A retrospective single‐center study in Japan
Authors: Imai Kenji , Nozaki Yuki , Ushida Takafumi , Tano Sho , Kajiyama Hiroaki , Kotani Tomomi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimsTo compare the efficacy of the controlled‐release dinoprostone delivery system (PROPESS) and Cook's double balloon catheter (DBC) plus oxytocin as induction treatment.MethodsA total of 197 term pregnant women with unfavorable cervix were admitted for scheduled induction and enrolled retrospectively (PROPESS, 113; Cook's DBC plus oxytocin, 84). The main birth outcomes were cervical ripening at the treatment‐end and 24 h after the treatment‐start, and rate of vaginal birth. Logistic regression and propensity score matching analyses were performed to evaluate the association between the outcomes and clinical characteristics including which treatment was selected.ResultsThe choice of PROPESS was associated with the success of cervical ripening at 24 h after (adjusted odds ratio (OR) 2.17, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.11–4.26, p = 0.024) and increased the rate of vaginal birth (adjusted OR 2.03, 95% CI 1.04–3.98, p = 0.039). Similar trends in the association between PROPESS and birth outcomes were maintained after adjusting for propensity scores (p = 0.072 and p = 0.163, respectively). However, some of the women with gestational age of early 39 weeks and low Bishop scores could achieve cervical ripening at 24 h after using Cook's DBC plus oxytocin, and none by PROPESS.ConclusionOur findings suggest the possibility of slight advantages of PROPESS for scheduled induction of labor. In women with early term and extremely low Bishop scores, Cook's DBC plus oxytocin may be a superior or alternative treatment to PROPESS. Therefore, the optimal choice of induction treatment should be managed on an individual basis.
Do core self‐evaluations mitigate or exacerbate the self‐regulation depletion effect of leader injustice? The role of leader‐contingent self‐esteem
Authors: Sun Yuqing , Gao Feng , Avolio Bruce J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study investigates how an employee's core self‐evaluation (CSE) affects their self‐regulation depletion in response to leader injustice. To reconcile the conflicting predictions of CSE reported in the existing leadership and justice literature, we propose and test a self‐esteem contingency model for CSE, drawing on the self‐determination theory (SDT) account of the self‐regulatory process. We hypothesize that when an employee's CSE is heavily contingent on the leader's approval and recognition (denoted as high‐level leader‐contingent self‐esteem), CSE facilitates a controlled form of self‐regulation in response to leader injustice, leading to self‐regulation depletion. Conversely, when one's CSE is less contingent on the leader's approval (denoted as low‐level leader‐contingent self‐esteem), self‐regulation facilitated by CSE in the presence of leader injustice is less of controlled, reducing the likelihood of self‐regulation depletion. Our results and implications from three studies consistently supported our main hypothesis regarding the three‐way interaction of leader injustice, CSE and leader‐contingent self‐esteem, as well as highlighting the potential downside of a follower's self‐esteem being overly reliant on their leader's treatment.
Healthy for some but not for all: The moderating role of BMI on perceived health climate–insomnia relationship
Authors: Jang Seulki “Rachel” , Cheung Ho Kwan , Ford Michael 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study examines the mediated relationship between perceived health climate and insomnia via exhaustion, and whether the mediation effect is weaker for individuals with higher body mass index (BMI). Results from multi‐wave field data revealed that perceived health climate negatively predicted insomnia through reduced exhaustion. Moreover, the mediation effect was weaker among people with higher BMI (obese individuals) than people with lower BMI (non‐obese individuals). This study expands our understanding of the workplace health climate and its unintended consequences for obese individuals. Also, it encourages practitioners to develop health climate promotion programmes that intend to reduce employee exhaustion first prior to specific behavioural changes and takes into account individual differences.
Niche conservatism and strong phylogenetic signals in climate, soil, and morphological variation of Neotropical firs (Abies, Pinaceae)
Authors: Cruz‐Nicolás Jorge , Martínez‐Méndez Norberto , Aguirre‐Planter Erika , Eguiarte Luis E. , Jaramillo‐Correa Juan P. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractInterspecific trait divergence may reflect adaptation and reproductive isolation, particularly after the rapid differentiation that may follow the colonization of new environments. Although new lineages are generally expected to be morphologically and ecologically similar to their ancestors, environmental forces can also drive adaptive differentiation along specific phenotypic axes. We used climate niche models and comparative analyses based on a previously inferred phylogeny to examine the history of ecological and morphological divergence of Neotropical firs (Abies Mill., Pinaceae), a group of conifers that have recently colonized and diversified in the mountains of Mexico and northern Central America. We inferred past secondary contact zones by comparing current and past climate niche projections and looked for evidence of recent interspecific gene flow using genomic data. Neotropical firs have similar niches to each other and show a strong phylogenetic signal for most evaluated morphological traits. Analyses based on individual variables suggested a random walk model of differentiation. However, early adaptation to tropical conditions is inferred in the ancestor of the southernmost firs, as all modern southern taxa are differentiated climatically from Abies concolor, the northernmost species. In addition, observed autapomorphic traits for soil properties and the number of resin ducts in needles are consistent with possible species‐specific adaptations. Thus, a combination of nonadaptive and adaptive processes along different phenotypic axes, some related to the environment, likely operated after the southward migration of this plant lineage from North America and its subsequent radiation in the Neotropics.
Evaluation of the effects of medium‐term (57‐day) omeprazole administration and of omeprazole discontinuation on serum gastrin and serum chromogranin A concentrations in the horse
Authors: Clark Bethanie , Steel Catherine , Vokes Jessica , Shan Jack R. , Gedye Kristene , Lovett Amy , Sykes B. W. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundRebound gastric hyperacidity (RGH) secondary to hypergastrinemia has been suggested to contribute to the rapid recurrence of equine squamous gastric disease (ESGD) in horses after discontinuation of omeprazole.Hypothesis/ObjectivesTo evaluate changes in serum gastrin and chromogranin A (CgA) concentrations in response to medium‐term (57‐day) omeprazole treatment and after omeprazole discontinuation.AnimalsFourteen mature Thoroughbred racehorses in simulated race training.MethodsHorses received 2.28 g of oral omeprazole PO q24h for 57 days within a 61‐day period, excluding a withholding period applied mid‐protocol during which treatment was stopped as part of a concurrent study. Serum samples were collected on day 0 before omeprazole treatment, on day 1 of each week of the treatment period, and for an additional 5 weeks after discontinuation of treatment. Serum gastrin and CgA concentrations were analyzed using radioimmunoassay (RIA) and ELISA, respectively.ResultsMedian serum gastrin concentrations increased 2.5‐fold from baseline to day 7 (P < .001) but did not increase further during the omeprazole treatment period. Median serum gastrin concentrations returned to baseline within 2 to 4 days after administration of the last dose of omeprazole. No effect of treatment or discontinuation was seen in serum CgA concentrations.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceSerum gastrin concentrations increased in response to omeprazole treatment but returned to baseline within 2 to 4 days after the last dose of omeprazole. No effect of treatment or discontinuation was seen in serum CgA concentrations. Our results do not support the use of tapering protocols in horses.
Assessing the utility of a novel entrustment‐supervision assessment tool
Authors: Dewhirst Sebastian , Wood Timothy J. , Cheung Warren J. , Frank Jason R. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundWork‐based assessments (WBAs) are increasingly used to inform decisions about trainee progression. Unfortunately, WBAs often fail to discriminate between trainees of differing abilities and have poor reliability. Entrustment‐supervision scales may improve WBA performance, but there is a paucity of literature directly comparing them to traditional WBA tools.MethodsThe Ottawa Emergency Department Shift Observation Tool (O‐EDShOT) is a previously published WBA tool employing an entrustment‐supervision scale with strong validity evidence. This pre‐/post‐implementation study compares the performance of the O‐EDShOT with that of a traditional WBA tool using norm‐based anchors.All assessments completed in 12‐month periods before and after implementing the O‐EDShOT were collected, and generalisability analysis was conducted with year of training, trainees within year and forms within trainee as nested factors. Secondary analysis included assessor as a factor.ResultsA total of 3908 and 3679 assessments were completed by 99 and 116 assessors, for 152 and 138 trainees in the pre‐ and post‐implementation phases respectively. The O‐EDShOT generated a wider range of awarded scores than the traditional WBA, and mean scores increased more with increasing level of training (0.32 vs. 0.14 points per year, p = 0.01). A significantly greater proportion of overall score variability was attributable to trainees using the O‐EDShOT (59%) compared with the traditional tool (21%, p < 0.001). Assessors contributed less to overall score variability for the O‐EDShOT than for the traditional WBA (16% vs. 37%). Moreover, the O‐EDShOT required fewer completed assessments than the traditional tool (27 vs. 51) for a reliability of 0.8.ConclusionThe O‐EDShOT outperformed a traditional norm‐referenced WBA in discriminating between trainees and required fewer assessments to generate a reliable estimate of trainee performance. More broadly, this study adds to the body of literature suggesting that entrustment‐supervision scales generate more useful and reliable assessments in a variety of clinical settings.