bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CHB patients with rtA181T‐mutated HBV infection are associated with higher risk hepatocellular carcinoma due to increases in mutation rates of tumour suppressor genes
Authors: Ning Qiqi , Yang Tongwang , Guo Xianghua , Huang Yanxiang , Gao Yuxue , Liu Mengcheng , Yang Pengxiang , Guan Yuanyue , Liu Ning , Wang Yang , Chen Dexi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe HBV rtA181T mutation is associated with an increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). This study aimed to evaluate the mechanism by which rtA181T mutation increases the risk of HCC. We enrolled 470 CHB patients with rtA181T and rtA181V mutation in this study; 68 (22.15%) of the 307 patients with rtA181T mutation and 22 (13.5%) of the 163 patients with rtA181V mutation developed HCC (p < .05). The median follow‐up periods were 8.148 and 8.055 years (p > .05). Serum HBV DNA and HBsAg levels in rtA181T‐positive patients were similar to that in rtA181V‐positive patients. However, the serum HBeAg levels in the rtA181T‐positive patients were significantly higher than that in rtA181V‐positive patients. In situ hybridization experiments showed that the HBV cccDNA and HBV RNA levels were significantly higher in the liver cancer tissues of patients with the rtA181T mutation compared to that in the tissues of patients with the rtA181V mutation. The percentage of anti‐tumour hot‐gene site mutations was significantly higher in the rtA181T‐positive HCC liver tissue compared to that in the rtA181T‐negative HCC liver tissue (7.65% and 4.3%, p < .05). This is the first study to use a large cohort and a follow‐up of more than 5 years (average 8 years) to confirm that the rtA181T mutation increased the risk of HCC, and that it could be related to the increase in the mutation rate of hotspots of tumour suppressor genes (CTNNB1, TP53, NRAS and PIK3CA).
Relational legal consciousness in the punitive welfare state: How Dutch welfare officials shape clients' perceptions of law
Authors: Hertogh Marc 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWith a growing number of strict obligations and harsh sanctions for welfare recipients, the Netherlands has increasingly become a punitive welfare state. This article looks at what this means for welfare clients and their commonsense understandings of the law. To analyze how welfare officials shape clients' legal consciousness, I draw on an online survey among Dutch welfare clients (N = 1305) and a correlation analysis. The findings show that there is a clear relationship between welfare clients' own legal consciousness and their assessment of welfare officials' beliefs about the law. However, not all elements of their legal consciousness are relationally influenced by the same factors. Also, clients' self-reported compliance behavior is less relationally influenced than other elements of their legal consciousness. This study adds to our understanding of the mechanisms that constitute the production of relational and second-order legal consciousness and it contributes to the development of new research methods to study people's perceptions of law.
A tribute to Lauren Edelman
Authors: McCann Michael 
Published: September 2023

We have lost a great one. Laurie Edelman was a gentle, generous, ingenious, and generative giant in socio-legal studies. Her passing is devastating for me, for many others, and generally for our field of intellectual inquiry.I was not a close personal friend with Laurie in the way that many were, especially those who worked and lived in close geographic proximity to her. But I interacted and collaborated often with Laurie for most of the last 30 years, especially since she took a faculty position at Berkeley in 1996. We were roughly the same age and our treks through academic life were parallel in many ways. From our earliest encounters, she was for me a constant source of inspiration, a role model, a catalyst, a teacher, and more. These engagements were more than enough for me to witness her ironic sense of humor, her gracious support of others, her love of intellectual exchange, and her profound commitments as a scholar, teacher, public intellectual, and professional colleague. I will not try here to summarize her many, many activities and accomplishments, although I urge people to spend some time reading her lengthy CV, various profiles, and testaments from others to appreciate all that she did and how she mattered. Instead, I will focus my reflections on the various points of direct interaction with Laurie that mattered most to me and qualify me for commentary.
A terpene synthase supergene locus determines chemotype in Melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree)
Authors: Voelker Julia , Mauleon Ramil , Shepherd Mervyn 
Published: September 2023

Summary

Leaf oil terpenes vary categorically in many plant populations, leading to discrete phenotypes of adaptive and economic significance, but for most species, a genetic explanation for the concerted fluctuation in terpene chemistry remains unresolved.

To uncover the genetic architecture underlying multi‐component terpene chemotypes in Melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree), a genome‐wide association study was undertaken for 148 individuals representing all six recognised chemotypes.

A number of single nucleotide polymorphisms in a genomic region of c. 400 kb explained large proportions of the variation in key monoterpenes of tea tree oil. The region contained a cluster of 10 monoterpene synthase genes, including four genes predicted to encode synthases for 1,8‐cineole, terpinolene, and the terpinen‐4‐ol precursor, sabinene hydrate. Chemotype‐dependent null alleles at some sites suggested structural variants within this gene cluster, providing a possible basis for linkage disequilibrium in this region. Genotyping in a separate domesticated population revealed that all alleles surrounding this gene cluster were fixed after artificial selection for a single chemotype.

These observations indicate that a supergene accounts for chemotypes in M. alternifolia. A genetic model with three haplotypes, encompassing the four characterised monoterpene synthase genes, explained the six terpene chemotypes, and was consistent with available biparental cross‐segregation data.
Parallel tuning of semi‐dwarfism via differential splicing of Brachytic1 in commercial maize and smallholder sorghum
Authors: Jiao Shuping , Mamidi Sujan , Chamberlin Mark A. , Beatty Mary , Thatcher Shawn , Simcox Kevin D. , Maina Fanna , Wang‐Nan Hu , Johal Gurmukh S. , Heetland Lynn , Marla Sandeep R. , Meeley Robert B. , Schmutz Jeremy , Morris Geoffrey P. , Multani Dilbag S. 
Published: September 2023

Summary

In the current genomic era, the search and deployment of new semi‐dwarf alleles have continued to develop better plant types in all cereals. We characterized an agronomically optimal semi‐dwarf mutation in Zea mays L. and a parallel polymorphism in Sorghum bicolor L.

We cloned the maize brachytic1 (br1‐Mu) allele by a modified PCR‐based Sequence Amplified Insertion Flanking Fragment (SAIFF) approach. Histology and RNA‐Seq elucidated the mechanism of semi‐dwarfism. GWAS linked a sorghum plant height QTL with the Br1 homolog by resequencing a West African sorghum landraces panel.

The semi‐dwarf br1‐Mu allele encodes an MYB transcription factor78 that positively regulates stalk cell elongation by interacting with the polar auxin pathway. Semi‐dwarfism is due to differential splicing and low functional Br1 wild‐type transcript expression. The sorghum ortholog, SbBr1, co‐segregates with the major plant height QTL qHT7.1 and is alternatively spliced. The high frequency of the Sbbr1 allele in African landraces suggests that African smallholder farmers used the semi‐dwarf allele to improve plant height in sorghum long before efforts to introduce Green Revolution‐style varieties in the 1960s.

Surprisingly, variants for differential splicing of Brachytic1 were found in both commercial maize and smallholder sorghum, suggesting parallel tuning of plant architecture across these systems.
Extended‐release tacrolimus dosing and outcomes in pediatric and young adult transplant recipients – A single‐center experience
Authors: Huang Xinyi , Hapgood Katherine , Allan Kari , Pruette Cozumel , Goswami Elizabeth 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundPublished data on LCP‐tacrolimus (LCPT) in the pediatric population are limited.MethodsThis single‐center, retrospective, observational study describes LCPT doses needed to reach therapeutic ranges in pediatric and young adult kidney and liver transplant recipients in both de novo usage and conversion from immediate‐release tacrolimus (IR‐Tac). Adverse outcomes up to 12 months after LCPT initiation were also evaluated.ResultsForty‐one transplant recipients (30 kidney, 11 liver) were included. The median initial doses of LCPT were 0.034 mg/kg (IQR 0.019) de novo and 0.09 mg/kg (IQR = 0.076) converted. The median doses at first therapeutic level were 0.086 mg/kg (IQR 0.028) de novo and 0.1 mg/kg (IQR 0.066) converted. The median LCPT:IR‐Tac conversion ratio initially was 0.7 and 0.75 at therapeutic levels. The rate of AKI per 100 days of exposure to IR‐Tac was 0.546 and 0.439 on LCPT. The percentage of patients with rejection was not different before and after conversion (clinical rejection 8.6% [n = 3] vs 11.4% [n = 4], p = .6; biopsy‐proven rejection 2.9% [n = 1] vs 11.4% [n = 4], p = .11). One patient had graft loss unrelated to rejection, and the graft was explanted.ConclusionIn this study, pediatric and young adult abdominal transplant recipients had therapeutic tacrolimus levels at LCPT doses below the adult‐labeled dose; the conversion ratio from IR‐Tac to LCPT at therapeutic level was similar. There were no identified safety concerns in de novo or converted LCPT use in pediatric and young adult patients.
Ralstonia solanacearum effector RipAK suppresses homodimerization of the host transcription factor ERF098 to enhance susceptibility and the sensitivity of pepper plants to dehydration
Authors: Liu Kaisheng , Shi Lanping , Luo Hongli , Zhang Kan , Liu Jianxin , Qiu Shanshan , Li Xia , He Shuilin , Liu Zhiqin 
Published: September 2023

SUMMARYPlants have evolved a sophisticated immune system to defend against invasion by pathogens. In response, pathogens deploy copious effectors to evade the immune responses. However, the molecular mechanisms used by pathogen effectors to suppress plant immunity remain unclear. Herein, we report that an effector secreted by Ralstonia solanacearum, RipAK, modulates the transcriptional activity of the ethylene‐responsive factor ERF098 to suppress immunity and dehydration tolerance, which causes bacterial wilt in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) plants. Silencing ERF098 enhances the resistance of pepper plants to R. solanacearum infection not only by inhibiting the host colonization of R. solanacearum but also by increasing the immunity and tolerance of pepper plants to dehydration and including the closure of stomata to reduce the loss of water in an abscisic acid signal‐dependent manner. In contrast, the ectopic expression of ERF098 in Nicotiana benthamiana enhances wilt disease. We also show that RipAK targets and inhibits the ERF098 homodimerization to repress the expression of salicylic acid‐dependent PR1 and dehydration tolerance‐related OSR1 and OSM1 by cis‐elements in their promoters. Taken together, our study reveals a regulatory mechanism used by the R. solanacearum effector RipAK to increase virulence by specifically inhibiting the homodimerization of ERF098 and reprogramming the transcription of PR1, OSR1, and OSM1 to boost susceptibility and dehydration sensitivity. Thus, our study sheds light on a previously unidentified strategy by which a pathogen simultaneously suppresses plant immunity and tolerance to dehydration by secreting an effector to interfere with the activity of a transcription factor and manipulate plant transcriptional programs.
Data-Based On-Board Diagnostics for Diesel Engine NOx-Reduction Aftertreatment Systems
Authors: Tandale Atharva , Jain Kaushal , Meckl Peter 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The NOx conversion efficiency of a combined selective catalytic reduction and ammonia slip catalyst (SCR-ASC) in a diesel aftertreatment (AT) system degrades with time. A novel model-informed data-driven on-board diagnostic (OBD) binary classification strategy is proposed in this paper to distinguish an end of useful life (EUL) SCR-ASC catalyst from degreened (DG) ones. An optimized, supervised machine learning model was used for the classification with a calibrated single-cell three-state continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) observer used for state estimation. Percentage of samples classified as EUL (%EUL), with respect to classification boundary of 50%, was used as an objective criterion of classification. The method resulted in 87.5% classification accuracy when tested on eight day-files from four trucks (2 day-files per truck; 1 DG and 1 EUL) operating in real-world on-road conditions. Each day-file had ∼86,000 samples of data. Mileage of the same truck was used as ground truth for classification. However, mileage across different trucks cannot be used for classification since the operating conditions would vary across trucks.
Experimentally Validated Nonlinear Delayed Differential Approach to Model Borehole Propagation for Directional Drilling
Authors: Xu Jiamin , Keller Alexander Mathew , Demirer Nazli , Zhang He , Tian Kaixiao , Bhaidasna Ketan , Darbe Robert , Chen Dongmei 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This paper presents the development and validation of a nonlinear delay differential equation (DDE) model for borehole propagation in the inclination plane. Most importantly, built upon a quasi-linear model, the nonlinear approach incorporates information pertaining to the floating stabilizers and bit tilt saturation by formulating a linear complementarity problem. As a result, the outputs of the nonlinear model were in better agreement with the field data when compared with the quasi-linear model. The maximum modeling error of the nonlinear DDE is less than 1 deg over a drilled depth of 600 feet.
Prediction of Short-Term Non-Linear Response Using Screening Combined With Multi-Fidelity Gaussian Process Regression
Authors: van Essen Sanne , Scholcz Thomas , Seyffert Harleigh 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Predicting wave impact design loads is crucial for ensuring safety and performance of maritime structures, but it is challenging due to the complexity and rarity of these events. Existing methods are mainly suitable for prediction of weakly non-linear responses, or are very computationally expensive. Highly nonlinear responses require a fidelity level that can only be achieved with expensive CFD or experiments, leading to sparsely populated exceedance distributions. A new event-based multi-fidelity method called ‘adaptive screening’ therefore combines elements of screening, multi-fidelity Gaussian Process Regression and adaptive sampling, to more efficiently predict highly non-linear loads. It is applied at the level of the response peak exceedance probability distributions. A simplified case study using second-order wave data validates the effectiveness of the method in accurately predicting short-term design loads. The new method predicts more accurate MPM results than the conventional method recommended by class societies and the ITTC, while also significantly reducing the required HF simulation time. The new method has a deviation of only 0.3–3.5% from the true 1-hour MPM over all test cases, compared to the conventional method’s deviation of 5.2–6.7%. The HF simulation time required to do this is 91 times shorter with the new method (0.033 versus 3 hours per sea state). The new method is not very sensitive to input noise as long as HF samples are selected properly, and the application of the method to the exceedance distributions works.
Uncertainty of Virtually Sensed Stress Ranges in Offshore Wind Support Structures
Authors: Toftekær Johan F. , Vestermark Jonas T. , Jepsen Michael Sandholm 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The offshore wind industry is growing rapidly meanwhile the first offshore wind projects approaches the end of their design lifetime. This currently increases the enticement to develop new innovative methods that enable the offshore wind industry to explore and realize the lifetime extension potential of ageing and even future windfarms.
In this context the present paper proposes a novel virtual sensing scheme that constitute a highly accurate and robust method for indirect measurement of the stress state in any point of a monopile supported wind turbine structure. The virtual sensing method relies on expansion of double integrated accelerations and inclinations measured in 3 locations of the tower structure, which by a linear combination with Ritz-vectors and mode shapes at low and high frequencies, enables the evaluation of stresses in the wind turbine support structure.
The validity of the proposed virtual sensing method is assessed on a 25-days dataset from an offshore wind turbine (Vattenfall Test Center), equipped with accelerometers in the tower and strain gauges as reference measurements in the foundation. It is demonstrated that the virtual sensing method provides stress range uncertainties below 3% when compared to stress ranges based on the strain gauge measurements.
A Novel Conceptual Design of Modularised Offshore Green Hydrogen System
Authors: Zhang Ming , Yuan Zhi-Ming , Tao Longbin , Shi Weichao 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
As a signatory to the Paris Agreement, the UK is committed to contribute efforts to prevent global temperature increase. The UK set its policies and proposals to meet zero net strategy by 2050. Offshore green hydrogen is one promising approach to transfer offshore wind energy to onshore demand areas due to its clean and high-power density. The UK is accelerating towards offshore green hydrogen and has made the price of green hydrogen competitive in the marketplace. The bottleneck of offshore green hydrogen system (OGHS) is the cost of scaling up hydrogen production in the current stage. Innovate designs of hydrogen production system may bring breakthrough to the cost when scaling up the OGHS. This study proposed a centralised OGHS which integrates with modularised production, storage, and offloading units using electricity coming from offshore wind farms. The paper offers an overview of the current situation and development of hydrogen platform and offshore wind farm for supporting the design of offshore platform as well as highlights the key features of technologies used by the different components of the OGHS, through a thorough literature review, including state-of-the-art technical reports and journal papers. A conceptual design of the proposed modularised OGHS is illustrated with a recommendation of site selection. Equipment layout of the OGHS distributed on a floating supporting structure is designed based on a case study of a 200-MW floating wind farm. Stability of the OGHS floating platform is analysed to verify safety of the in the case study, and linear hydrodynamics analysis is simulated based on linear potential theory.
Extreme Wave and Vertical Bending Moment Predictions by Higher Order Spectrum Method and Form
Authors: Takami Tomoki , Fujimoto Wataru , Houtani Hidetaka , Matsui Sadaoki 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In this study, a method to predict the extreme value distribution of the vertical bending moment (VBM) of a ship in the nonlinear wave field is proposed. The method is based on a combination of the Higher Order Spectrum Method (HOSM) and First Order Reliability Method (FORM), by which the most probable wave episodes (MPWEs) associated with extreme waves and responses can be efficiently calculated. A probabilistic aspect of the nonlinear wave crests is first discussed, by comparing to the Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) results using HOSM. Following this, to estimate the wave-induced VBM in the nonlinear waves, the HOSM-based wave profiles are approximated by the linear combination of sinusoidal waves in a short-time window, and then the wave-induced VBM time histories are generated by introducing the transfer function of VBM. An effect of the nonlinearity in waves on the profiles of MPWEs and reliability indices for extreme wave-induced VBMs is discussed. It turned out that if the transfer function of VBM is sensitive to high frequency waves, the effect of the nonlinearity in waves is found to be significant in the reliability index distribution.
Barriers for Decarbonization in the Norwegian Coastal Fishing Fleet: A Background Study Focusing on Safety and Environmental Performance
Authors: Hüllein Anna Sophia , Bouwer Utne Ingrid , Rokseth Børge , Bachmann Mehammer Eirill 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Norwegian fisheries play an important role nationally and internationally as a provider of healthy and protein-rich food to many people. Further, they not only contribute to the Norwegian economy but also the countries CO2 emissions and there is a need for decarbonization in this industry sector.
In this paper the focus is on the Norwegian coastal fishing fleet and the objective is to provide an overview of the barriers preventing decarbonization in this fleet. An example is given on how a diesel-electric propulsion system can be implemented on board a small-scale fishing vessel. The concerns and perspectives of the fishers and other involved stakeholders are presented based on semi-structured interviews, literature search, and statistics. The main findings in the paper are that incomplete knowledge and experience about the safety, reliability, efficiency, and environmental performance of the new propulsion systems are important barriers for reducing CO2 emissions in this sector. Academic research in form of better analysis and evaluation of these factors is needed to overcome these barriers. Therefore, the paper also discusses how methods, such as the System Theoretic Process Analysis (STPA) and Life Cycle Analysis (LCA), can be used to provide additional knowledge and trust in the hybrid system.
By pointing out the main barriers and giving indications about future research needed, this paper provides a solid background for further work on the topic of decarbonization in the Norwegian coastal fishing fleet.