bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outline of a Theory of Teaching: What Teaching Is, What It Is For, How It Works, and Why It Requires Artistry
Authors: Biesta Gert 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis chapter provides an outline of a theory of teaching through a discussion of three questions: what teaching is, what it is for and how it works. I discuss two popular myths about teaching: that teaching is outdated and that teachers should rather focus on supporting students’ learning, and that teaching is the most important factor in the production of measurable learning outcomes. Both views see teaching as a form of control, which is either rejected or embraced. The theory of teaching I outline, sees teaching as an act of communication which seeks to focus the attention of students, without assuming that such attention or what students do with it can be or should be entirely controlled. The purpose of teaching is to contribute to students’ qualification, socialisation, and their existence as responsible subjects of their own lives. Teaching requires structure and direction, but too much structure and direction turns teaching into indoctrination. Teachers need the ability to make situation-specific judgements about how to act and what to act for, which requires artistry or craftsmanship. Attempts to turn teaching into an evidence-based profession not just undermine teachers’ professionalism but also misrepresent what teaching is and ought to be about.
Lateral Variations of P-Wave Velocity from Deep Borehole Data in the Southern Apennines, Italy
Authors: Montone Paola , Mariucci Maria Teresa 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe have selected 28 deep wells in the Southern Apennine area, most of which are located along and around the Val d’Agri Basin. The Southern Apennines, one of the most seismically active regions of the Italian peninsula, is a NE-verging fold-and-thrust belt characterised by the Meso–Cenozoic Apulia carbonate duplex system overlain by a thick column of Apennine carbonate platform and Lagonegro basin units. These units are unconformably covered by Neogene siliciclastic successions. Among the many Quaternary tectonic basins in the area, the Val d’Agri Basin is the most important intramontane depression, and is bordered by a ~ NW–SE-trending active fault system that represents one of the main seismogenic structures of the region. Moreover, the Val d’Agri Basin is the largest onshore oil field basin in Europe. In this context, we have analysed sonic log records from 28 deep wells and compared them with the corresponding stratigraphy and the other geophysical logs. We have obtained detailed measurements of the P-wave velocity (Vp) for each well from 0 to ~ 6 km depth, and found important lateral variations of Vp over very small distances. From these values, we have retrieved the densities of the main units crossed by the wells and the range of the overburden gradient in this area.
Auswirkungen von Lithium, Valproat, Carbamazepin und Antipsychotika auf die Kognition bei bipolarer Störung – ein systematisches Review
Authors: Leopold Sophie , Quante Arnim 
Published: March 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die Langzeitauswirkungen der möglichen Therapieoptionen bei bipolarer Störung sind wenig untersucht, besonders in Bezug auf kognitive Beeinträchtigungen. Unterschiedliche Studien enthalten Hinweise, dass je nach Therapieform, das Risiko, an einer Demenz zu erkranken, weiter erhöht, aber auch gesenkt werden kann. Der aktuelle Forschungsstand wird in diesem systematischen Review zusammengefasst.

Ziel der Arbeit
Die Auswirkungen einer Langzeittherapie mit Lithium, Valproat, Carbamazepin und Antipsychotika auf die Entstehung einer Demenz und kognitiver Beeinträchtigungen bei Patient*innen mit bipolarer Störung werden untersucht.

Methoden
Es wurde eine systematische Literaturrecherche in der PubMed-Datenbank von den beiden Autor*innen im Zeitraum Mai bis Juli 2022 durchgeführt. Placebokontrollierte Studien, Metaanalysen, prospektive Studien mit Kontrollsubstanz, Fall-Kontroll-Studien, Kohortenstudien, systematische Reviews und randomisierte kontrollierte Studien wurden eingeschlossen.

Ergebnisse
Der Großteil der verfügbaren Studien sieht in der Langzeittherapie mit Lithium einen protektiven Effekt auf das Gedächtnis und damit das Entstehen einer Demenz. Für Valproat hingegen wird ein eher negativer Einfluss beschrieben. Bei Antipsychotika ist die derzeitige Datenlage nicht aussagekräftig genug, aber auch hier wird ein eher neutraler bis negativer Einfluss mit der Langzeiteinnahme assoziiert.

Diskussion
Lithium sollte, auch aufgrund des neuroprotektiven Effekts, in der Erhaltungstherapie der bipolaren Störung empfohlen werden. Der Einsatz von Valproat hingegen sollte in dieser Indikation kritisch gesehen werden. Antipsychotika sind bezüglich dieser Fragestellung noch nicht hinreichend untersucht, sodass keine generelle Empfehlung ausgesprochen werden kann.
Artificial intelligence in oncology: chances and pitfalls
Authors: Kather Jakob Nikolas 
Published: March 2023

AbstractArtificial intelligence (AI) has been available in rudimentary forms for many decades. Early AI programs were successful in niche areas such as chess or handwriting recognition. However, AI methods had little practical impact on the practice of medicine until recently. Beginning around 2012, AI has emerged as an increasingly important tool in healthcare, and AI-based devices are now approved for clinical use. These devices are capable of processing image data, making diagnoses, and predicting biomarkers for solid tumors, among other applications. Despite this progress, the development of AI in medicine is still in its early stages, and there have been exponential technical advancements since 2022, with some AI programs now demonstrating human-level understanding of image and text data. In the past, technical advances have led to new medical applications with a delay of a few years. Therefore, now we might be at the beginning of a new era in which AI will become even more important in clinical practice. It is essential that this transformation is humane and evidence based, and physicians must take a leading role in ensuring this, particularly in hematology and oncology.
Intercontinental comparison of women with breast cancer treated by oncologists in Europe, Asia, and Latin America: a retrospective study of 99,571 patients
Authors: Kadys Arturas , Gremke Niklas , Schnetter Laura , Kostev Karel , Kalder Matthias 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of the study was to evaluate the baseline data of women with breast cancer (BC) undergoing treatment in an intercontinental comparison.

Methods
This study included 99,571 women with BC from Europe (70,834), Asia (18,208), and Latin America (10,529) enrolled between 2017 and 2021, based on data from IQVIA’s Oncology Dynamics database. This source is supplied with information by means of a cross-sectional partially retrospective survey collecting anonymized data on inpatients and outpatients treated by a representative panel of oncologists. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to investigate the probability of metastases.

Results
The data available in Asia (98%) and Latin America (100%) were hospital data, while in Europe, patients were treated both in hospitals and in office-based practices (62%, 38%). The mean age in Asia and Latin America (57 ± 13) was lower than in Europe (61 ± 13; p < 0.001). Lobular BC was diagnosed twice as often in Europe compared to Asia and Latin America (15.2%, 9.8%, 8.0%). The number of patients with metastasized hormone receptor-positive (HR +) BC was significantly higher in Europe and Latin America than in Asia (76%, 68%; p < 0.001). The highest number of women with metastasized BC was reported in Europe (26% compared to 14% and 20%, respectively, in Asia and Latin America). Across the continents, the percentage of women with BC who experienced metastases was 51–61% for bone, 30–39% for lung and 25–32% for liver, followed by 3–6% for skin and 3% for brain.

Conclusion
Women with BC treated in Europe tend to be significantly older and more likely to develop metastases than women in Asia and Latin America, except for lung metastases.
Antenatally detected urinary tract dilatation: long-term outcome
Authors: Herthelius Maria 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis review provides updated knowledge on the long-term outcomes among children with antenatally diagnosed urinary tract dilatation (UTD), previously often referred to as antenatal hydronephrosis. Different definitions of UTD exist, which makes comparison between studies and generalized conclusions difficult. Roughly, one-third of antenatally diagnosed UTD, defined as a renal pelvis anterior posterior diameter (APD) of ≥ 4 mm in the second trimester and/or ≥ 7 mm in the third trimester, will resolve before birth, another third will resolve within the first years of life, and in the remaining cases, UTD will persist or a congenital abnormality (CAKUT) will be diagnosed postnatally. The risk of a postnatal CAKUT diagnosis increases with the degree of prenatal and postnatal dilatation, except for vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), which cannot be predicted from the degree of UTD. Urinary tract infections (UTIs) occur in 7–14% of children with UTD during the first years of life. The risk of UTI is higher in children with traditional risk factors for UTI, such as dilated VUR, hydroureteronephrosis, female gender, and intact foreskin. Continuous antibiotic prophylaxis may be considered in selected patients during the first years of life. In long-term follow-ups, permanent kidney damage is diagnosed in approximately 40% of children with moderate or severe UTD, but hypertension, proteinuria, and/or reduced eGFR are uncommon (0–5%). In children with mild UTD, the long-term outcome is excellent, and these children should not be subjected to unnecessary examinations and/or follow-up.
Applicability of risk compensation to the relationship between health behaviors and COVID-19 vaccination among inpatients in Taizhou, China
Authors: Chen Liguang , Tung Tao-Hsin , Zhang Xinxin , Wang Gang 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Aim
Based on the risk compensation theory, this study was designed to investigate the relationship between health behaviors of inpatients and COVID-19 vaccination during the epidemic with regard to the Omicron variant of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in Taizhou, China.

Subject and methods
We conducted an online self-administered survey with a group of inpatients in a grade III, class A hospital in Taizhou, China, from February 27, 2022, to March 8, 2022. A total of 562 complete questionnaires were collected, and 18 questionnaires completed in under 180 seconds were rejected, leaving a total of 544 (96.8%) valid questionnaires collected. The participants who had received a COVID-19 vaccine were asked to describe the differences in their health behaviors before and after the vaccination, and the data were analyzed using SPSS Statistics version 22.0 software.

Results
There were significant differences in the percentage of individuals wearing masks (97.2% and 78.9%, P < 0.001) and the percentage of hand washing after taking off the mask (89.1% and 63.2%, P < 0.001) between the inoculated group and the uninoculated group; however, there were no significant differences in other health behaviors. The participants showed better health behaviors (handwashing and wearing a mask) after the vaccination than prior to it.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that the Peltzman effect did not increase risk behaviors during the Omicron epidemic. There was no reduction in health behaviors among inpatients after the COVID-19 vaccine, which may have even improved their health behaviors.
Selenium Nanoparticles Modulate Steroidogenesis-Related Genes and Improve Ovarian Functions via Regulating Androgen Receptors Expression in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Rat Model
Authors: Abdallah Ahmed B. E. , El-Ghannam Mohammed A. , Hasan Azza A. , Mohammad Lamiaa G. , Mesalam Noura M. , Alsayed Radwa M. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) occurs during the reproductive period in women and is characterized by reproductive, endocrine, and metabolic disorders. Androgen plays a decisive role in its pathogenesis due to the interaction between hyperandrogenism and insulin resistance, which might be improved by selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs). The present study aimed to clarify the effect of SeNPs on androgen synthesis and action in the PCOS model and the resulting effect on ovarian function. Fifty-five 7-week-old female albino rats (90–105 g) were divided equally into five groups: control (C), fed a standard diet for 11 weeks; high-fat diet (HFD) group, fed HFD for 11 weeks; HFD and letrozole (L) (HFD + L), fed HFD for 11 weeks and administrated orally with L, at a daily dose of 1 mg/kg BW, for three weeks from the 7th to 9th week of the trial; HFD + L + 0.1SeNPs and HFD + L + 0.2SeNPs groups, treated the same as HFD + L group and orally gavaged SeNPs at daily doses of 0.1 and 0.2 mg/kg BW, respectively, during the last 14 day of the experiment. Daily determination of estrous cycle was performed, and at the end of the experimental period, BMI, serum glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, lipid profile, sex hormones, TNF-α, IL6, oxidative stress biomarkers, ovarian mRNA expression of different proteins and enzymes involved in steroidogenesis, pathological examination, and immunohistochemical staining for androgen receptor (AR) were evaluated. Treatment of SeNPs restored estrous cyclicity, decreased BMI, and insulin resistance, improved dyslipidemia, reduced serum testosterone, and improved ovarian histopathology in PCOS rats. Furthermore, the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant impacts of SeNPs were remarkably noticed. Administration of SeNPs decreased androgen synthesis and expression of ovarian AR protein by decreasing the mRNA expression of STAR, Cyp11A1, Cyp17A1, and HSD17B3 and increasing the expression of Cyp19α1. Conclusively, SeNPs decreased androgen synthesis and blocked the vicious circle initiated by excessive androgen secretion via decreased AR expression. Thus, it may effectively treat PCOS cases by eliminating its reproductive, endocrine, and metabolic dysfunctions.
Changes to Czech Corporate Restructuring Laws During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Comment
Authors: Sprinz Petr 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe author briefly comments on various measures undertaken in order to mitigate the effects of the extraordinary situation in connection with the pandemic of SARS-CoV-2 and seeks to put them into the context of the available data. In this connection, the paper mainly focuses on corporate insolvency filings, extraordinary moratoria and suspension of loan repayments. The author also briefly describes the future outlook.
On BV supermanifolds and the super Atiyah class
Authors: Noja Simone 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe study global and local geometry of forms on odd symplectic BV supermanifolds, constructed from the total space of the bundle of 1-forms on a base supermanifold. We show that globally 1-forms are an extension of vector bundles defined on the base supermanifold. In the holomorphic category, we prove that this extension is split if and only if the super Atiyah class of the base supermanifold vanishes. This is equivalent to the existence of a holomorphic superconnection: we show how this condition is related to the characteristic non-split geometry of complex supermanifolds. From a local point of view, we prove that the deformed de Rham double complex naturally arises as a de-quantization of the de Rham/Spencer double complex of the base supermanifold. Following Ševera, we show that the associated spectral sequence yields semidensities on the BV supermanifold, together with their differential in the form of a super BV Laplacian.
WHICH CLASSES OF STRUCTURES ARE BOTH PSEUDO-ELEMENTARY AND DEFINABLE BY AN INFINITARY SENTENCE?
Authors: BONEY WILL , CSIMA BARBARA F. , DAY NANCY A. , HARRISON-TRAINOR MATTHEW 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWhen classes of structures are not first-order definable, we might still try to find a nice description. There are two common ways for doing this. One is to expand the language, leading to notions of pseudo-elementary classes, and the other is to allow infinite conjuncts and disjuncts. In this paper we examine the intersection. Namely, we address the question: Which classes of structures are both pseudo-elementary and
${\mathcal {L}}_{\omega _1, \omega }$
-elementary? We find that these are exactly the classes that can be defined by an infinitary formula that has no infinitary disjunctions.
On -Strongly Measurable Cardinals
Authors: Ben-Neria Omer , Hayut Yair 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
We prove several consistency results concerning the notion of

$\omega $

-strongly measurable cardinal in

$\operatorname {\mathrm {HOD}}$

. In particular, we show that is it consistent, relative to a large cardinal hypothesis weaker than

$o(\kappa ) = \kappa $

, that every successor of a regular cardinal is

$\omega $

-strongly measurable in

$\operatorname {\mathrm {HOD}}$

.
Transforming psychology education to include global mental health
Authors: Khoury Brigitte , De Castro Pecanha Viviane 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In recent years, the reality of global migration has brought the lack of understanding of mental health needs across different cultures into sharp focus. Psychology programs are not up to date on global issues and are often experienced as inadequate in preparing graduates to meet the challenges of society today. The field of education and training in psychology has hardly evolved since the last two decades. On the other hand, the mental health needs arising locally and globally require a knowledge base and a set of skills future psychologists need to have in order to be able to work and grow professionally. In addition, most psychologists in the western world are bound, at some point in their career, to be in contact with immigrants or refugees to offer them services and be a source of support for such a vulnerable population. Also, the field of psychology is witnessing more movement among psychologists than ever before, whereby many professionals move to another country, to work, volunteer, gain or provide training, consult and much more. This requires a certain level of preparation, which psychologists need to be aware of and ready to engage in before and after they move. This article highlights different psychology programs around the world that include global mental health in their programs. It discusses essential aspects and skills that psychologists need to learn to be prepared to work globally with various populations and to expand their skills beyond service providing to more management and policy work. Topics such as human rights and social justice, advocacy, health management and policymaking are addressed as important competencies to be gained during the education and training of future psychologists.
Feeding responses and digestive function of Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd) on various leafy vegetables exhibit possible tolerance traits
Authors: Hosseini Mousavi Seyedeh Masoumeh , Hemmati Seyed Ali , Rasekh Arash 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSpodoptera littoralis is a highly polyphagous pest that attacks numerous important crops in the world and causes substantial economic losses to agricultural production. In the present study, the effects of different leafy vegetables, including Purslane, Chives, Parsley, Basil, Dill, Coriander, and Mint, were investigated on feeding responses and enzymatic activities of S. littoralis under laboratory conditions. Furthermore, the total contents of the three major secondary metabolites (phenolics, anthocyanins, and flavonoids) in the studied vegetables were determined. Our findings showed that the lowest and the highest approximate digestibility were on Basil and Purslane, respectively. The highest values of efficiency of conversion of ingested and digested food were achieved in larvae fed on Chives and Coriander, respectively, whereas the lowest values were recorded after feeding on Purslane. The highest and lowest relative growth rates were in larvae reared on Dill and Purslane, respectively. Furthermore, the highest amylolytic and proteolytic activities were in larvae fed with Coriander and Dill, respectively, while the lowest activities of these enzymes were on Purslane. In addition, correlation analysis revealed significant correlations between feeding characteristics and enzymatic activity of S. littoralis with biochemical compounds of the studied leafy vegetables. Our results suggest that Coriander is a suitable host, while Purslane displayed tolerance traits against S. littoralis, which can be used in sustainable management programs aiming to reduce chemical inputs.
A new species of Ninoe (Annelida: Lumbrineridae) from the continental shelf off southern Namibia
Authors: Sedick Safiyya , Clarke Dylan , Biccard Aiden , Gihwala Kirti Narendra 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Despite an increase in the number of new lumbrinerid descriptions globally and over recent decades, no new lumbrinerid species have been described from southern Africa over the last 40 years. This suggests that species richness in the region is currently underestimated, and that continued research would result in the discovery of more undescribed species. Here, a new species is described from grab samples collected off southern Namibia at >100 m depth. Ninoe namibiensis sp. nov. is characterized by simple multidentate hooded hooks with a long hood that only appears after chaetiger 18, branchiae from chaetiger 1–2 to 38 (with up to 7 filaments) and maxillary apparatus: MX III with one prominent tooth followed by a knob and MX IV unidentate with finely denticulate cutting edge (11 small teeth). A key to the Ninoe from southern Africa is provided.
Expression of genes in the AKT signalling pathway in human oocytes from patients with polycystic ovaries
Authors: Hafizi N. , Ozbakir B. , Tulay P. 
Published: March 2023

SummaryPolycystic ovary syndrome is an endocrine disorder commonly found among females of reproductive age. Different factors have been correlated with this syndrome, although the aetiology of the disease is still unrecognized with both environmental and hereditary factors leading to the progression. Hormonal effects of the AKT pathway have made it an interesting study unit for PCOS cases. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression patterns of genes involved in the AKT pathway, including IRS1, IRS2, AKT1 and AKT2. In total, 13 human oocytes were collected for this study at the meiosis II stage, in which seven of them were collected from individuals with polycystic ovaries and the rest formed the control group of individuals with no signs of polycystic ovaries. RNA was extracted from oocytes and then the RNA was converted into cDNA for the real-time PCR process. Expression levels of four genes in the AKT pathway, in addition to housekeeping gene (ACTB), were evaluated. Expression levels of each gene were quantified using real-time PCR and statistical analysis was performed. The results of this study showed that there was no significant correlation between the expression of genes in oocyte samples obtained from patients with polycystic ovaries and the control group. This study is the first to evaluate the expression levels of genes involved in the AKT pathway in human oocyte samples. Therefore, it provides crucial information to form the basis of further studies.
Takotsubo cardiomyopathy in a 4-year-old female with pneumococcal meningitis
Authors: Munoz Kevin J. , Feig Cheyenne L. , Frandsen Erik L. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA previously healthy 4-year-old female presented in cardiogenic shock with pneumococcal meningitis. Findings on echocardiogram raised suspicion for takotsubo cardiomyopathy. With supportive care, left ventricular systolic function normalised. Findings on cardiac imaging helped determine the aetiology and avoid further invasive studies or unnecessary treatment.