bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of contingency management using transdermal alcohol monitoring to reduce heavy drinking among driving while intoxicated (DWI) arrestees: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Dougherty Donald M. , Moon Tae‐Joon , Liang Yuanyuan , Roache John D. , Lamb Richard J. , Mathias Charles W. , Wasserman Alexander M. , Wood Erin E. , Hill‐Kapturczak Nathalie 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundDriving while intoxicated (DWI) is a serious public health problem. However, treatment for DWI arrestees is not readily available. This study examines the effectiveness of a contingency management (CM) procedure using transdermal alcohol concentration (TAC) monitoring to reduce drinking among DWI arrestees.MethodThe study participants were 216 DWI arrestees under pretrial and included both Mandated participants undergoing court‐ordered TAC monitoring and Non‐Mandated participants wearing a study‐provided TAC monitor. Participants were randomly assigned to either a CM (Mandated = 35; Non‐Mandated = 74) or a Control condition (Mandated = 37; Non‐Mandated = 70) and completed the 8‐week intervention. CM participants received $50/week for not exceeding a TAC of 0.02 g/dL during the previous week. Payments to Controls were yoked to the CM group.ResultsAmong Non‐Mandated participants, the probability of meeting the contingency was higher and remained stable (about 65%) over time in the CM group, whereas the probability was lower and declined in the Control group, widening the gaps in the probability between the study conditions (16.7%–24.1% greater in the CM group from visit 4 to 8, all p < 0.05). Among Mandated participants, the probability was not significantly different between conditions (p = 0.06–0.95). Furthermore, among Non‐Mandated participants, the percentage of heavy drinking days remained low (9.16%–11.37%) in the CM group, whereas it was greater and increased over time (17.43%–26.59%) in the Control group. In Mandated participants, no significant differences in percent heavy drinking days were observed between conditions (p = 0.07–0.10).ConclusionWe found that contingency effects on alcohol use are more pronounced among frequent and heavy alcohol users, i.e., Non‐Mandated DWI arrestees. However, for individuals whose drinking was already suppressed by existing contingencies (i.e., court‐mandated TAC monitoring), our CM procedure did not produce additional reductions in drinking.
Dynamic functional connectivity changes associated with decreased memory performance in betel quid dependence
Authors: Guo Yihao , Xu Xiaoling , Li Tiansheng , Chen Huijuan , Wang Xiaoyi , Huang Weiyuan , Liu Tao , Kong Qingle , Chen Feng 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe temporal variability of the dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) has been suggested as a useful metric for studying abnormal cognitive function. This study aimed to explore the associations between the temporal properties of dFC and memory performance in betel quid dependence (BQD). Sixty‐four BQD individuals and 47 gender‐ and age‐matched healthy controls (HCs) underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging and a series of neuropsychological assessments. The dFC was constructed by calculating the Pearson correlation coefficients within a sliding window and was clustered into three functional connectivity states using k‐means clustering. The dFC temporal properties derived from the cluster results were compared between the BQD and HC groups. The results showed that States 1 and 3 featured more frequent and weak connectivity, and State 2 featured less frequent and strong connectivity. There were significant differences for mean dwell time (MDT) in State 3 (p = 0.022) and fraction of time in State 2 (p = 0.018) between the BQD and HC groups. Pearson correlation analyses showed that the MDT in State 1 was negatively correlated with long delay free recall and short delay free recall, and the MDT in State 3 was positively correlated with false positive of long delay recall. Our findings provide strong evidence that MDT match the memory performance and suggest new insights into the pathophysiological mechanism of memory disorders in BQD individuals.
Exploring the figured worlds of mindfulness and teaching
Authors: Diamantis Sophia , Graue M. Elizabeth , Moss Evan , Flook Lisa 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn the high‐pressure world of education, mindfulness practices have been offered to help teachers and students to handle stress and manage their emotions. Here we describe how two fifth‐grade teachers experienced a mindfulness intervention, using the construct of figured worlds. We explore how they negotiated mindfulness in their practice, illustrating the power of an anthropological look at a typically psychological construct.
Editorial: use of intestinal ultrasound in the scoring of Crohn's disease activity in clinical trials—is it ready for prime time yet?
Authors: Abushamma Suha , Deepak Parakkal 
Published: September 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Goodsall et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16288 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16313
Pancolonic endoscopic and histologic evaluation for relapse prediction in patients with ulcerative colitis in clinical remission
Authors: Kaneshiro Miyuki , Takenaka Kento , Suzuki Kohei , Fujii Toshimitsu , Hibiya Shuji , Kawamoto Ami , Motobayashi Maiko , Shimizu Hiromichi , Nagahori Masakazu , Saito Eiko , Okamoto Ryuichi , Ohtsuka Kazuo , Watanabe Mamoru 
Published: September 2023

SummaryBackgroundMucosal healing is an important treatment target in patients with ulcerative colitis.AimsTo explore the optimal colonoscopic strategy to determine the risk for clinical relapse in patients with ulcerative colitis.MethodsWe enrolled 325 consecutive patients with ulcerative colitis in clinical and biochemical remission from April 2018 to March 2019. Five colonic segments were endoscopically and histologically assessed systematically. For endoscopic evaluation, we used three different modes of the Ulcerative Colitis Endoscopic Index of Severity (UCEIS): “original,” “worst affected,” and “pancolonic.” The Geboes score was used for histological evaluation. We prospectively followed up the patients and defined clinical relapse as the primary endpoint.ResultsWithin 1 year after colonoscopy, 18.2% of patients experienced a clinical relapse. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed areas under the curve of 0.755, 0.817, and 0.852 for the “original,” “worst affected,” and “pancolonic” groups, respectively; hence, pancolonic UCEIS obtained the highest predictive value. Using the pancolonic UCEIS cutoff value of 3, Kaplan–Meier curve analysis showed that patients with endoscopic activity had a significantly lower relapse‐free rate than those with endoscopic remission (P < 0.01). Multivariate analysis demonstrated endoscopic (pancolonic UCEIS >3) and histological (Geboes >3.0) activities as independent risks for relapse (HR: 3.96 and 3.48, respectively). Combining pancolonic UCEIS ≤3 and Geboes score ≤3.0 to provide 1‐year relapse avoidance was 92.0% sensitive and 97.0% specific.ConclusionEvaluating disease remission by complete colonoscopy is relevant, and the combination of pancolonic endoscopic and histological evaluations may appropriately evaluate mucosal healing.
Effectiveness and safety of methotrexate monotherapy in patients with Crohn’s disease refractory to anti‐TNF‐α: results from the ENEIDA registry
Authors: Mesonero Francisco , Castro‐Poceiro Jesús , Benítez Jose M. , Camps Blau , Iborra Marisa , López‐García Alicia , Torres Paola , Esteve María , Tosca Joan , Bertoletti Federico , Almela Pedro , Calvet Xavier , Vera Isabel , Bujanda Luis , Gomollón Fernando , Rodríguez Cristina , Antolín Beatriz , Busquets David , Hernández Alejandro , Rivero Montserrat , Monfort i Miquel David , Castaño‐García Andrés , Gisbert Javier P. , Domènech Eugeni , López‐Sanromán Antonio ,   the ENEIDA Project of GETECCU
Published: September 2023

SummaryBackgroundMethotrexate can be used to maintain remission in Crohn's disease patients who are intolerant to thiopurines. Data on its use as monotherapy in other scenarios are limited.AimTo assess the effectiveness of methotrexate monotherapy in Crohn's disease patients after previous failure to anti‐tumour necrosis factor (anti‐TNFα) drugs.MethodsA retrospective, observational multicentre study of data from the Spanish ENEIDA registry. Participants were patients with active Crohn's disease and previous failure to anti‐TNFα started on methotrexate monotherapy. Short‐term effectiveness was assessed at 12‐16 weeks based on Harvey‐Bradshaw index (HBI): clinical remission as HBI ≤ 3 points and clinical response as HBI drop of ≥ 3 points over baseline. Long‐term effectiveness was defined as steroid‐free methotrexate persistence from 12 to 16 weeks until maximum follow up. Adverse events were recorded.ResultsData were compiled for 110 patients treated with methotrexate after a failed response to one (39%) or two (55.6%) anti‐TNFα agents. Short‐term clinical response and remission rates were 60% and 30.9% respectively. Of 74 patients who continued after week 16, long‐term effectiveness was achieved in 82% and 74% at 12 and 24 months respectively. In the multivariate analysis, non‐remission at short term (vs remission) was associated with long‐term failure (HR 2.58, 95%CI 1.95‐3.68, P = 0.028). Adverse events (evaluated in 100 patients) were recorded in 44%, and in 30.4% of these patients, they led to methotrexate discontinuation.ConclusionsThe benefits observed suggest methotrexate monotherapy could be a valid option in Crohn's disease patients with previous failure to anti‐TNFα.
An expert consensus to standardise clinical, endoscopic and histologic items and inclusion and outcome criteria for evaluation of pouchitis disease activity in clinical trials
Authors: Sedano Rocio , Ma Christopher , Pai Rish K. , D' Haens Geert , Guizzetti Leonardo , Shackelton Lisa M. , Remillard Julie , Gionchetti Paolo , Gordon Ilyssa O. , Holubar Stefan , Kayal Maia , Lauwers Gregory Y. , Pai Reetesh K. , Pardi Darrell S. , Samaan Mark A. , Schaeffer David F. , Shen Bo , Silverberg Mark S. , Feagan Brian G. , Sandborn William J. , Jairath Vipul 
Published: September 2023

SummaryBackgroundPouchitis is a condition with large unmet medical needs and no approved therapies. Lack of validated instruments to measure disease activity and treatment response is a major barrier to drug development.AimTo conduct a modified RAND/University of California Los Angeles appropriateness process to produce a standardised assessment of pouchitis disease activity in clinical trials.MethodsA list of 164 items generated upon a systematic review and expert opinion were rated based on a 9‐point scale (appropriate, uncertain and inappropriate), by a panel including 16 gastroenterologists, surgeons and histopathologists.ResultsItems rated as appropriate to evaluate in pouchitis clinical trials were: (a) clinical: stool frequency and faecal urgency; (b) endoscopic: primary assessment in the pouch body according to the percentage of affected area (<50%, 50%‐75% and >75%), evaluation of the presence of ulcers/erosions according to size (erosions <5 mm, ulcers ≥5 mm to 2 cm and large ulcers >2 cm) and ulcerated area (<10%, 10%‐30% and >30%); (c) histologic: two biopsies from each segment, from the ulcer's edge when present, or endoscopically normal areas, assessment of lamina propria chronic inflammation, epithelial and lamina propria neutrophils, epithelial damage, erosions and ulcers; and (d) clinical trial inclusion/outcome criteria: minimum histologic disease activity for inclusion, a primary endpoint based on stool frequency and assessment of clinical, endoscopic and histologic response and remission. The overall majority of items surveyed (100/164) were rated ‘uncertain’.ConclusionWe conducted a RAND/UCLA appropriateness process to help inform measurement of pouchitis disease activity within clinical trials and foster the development of novel therapies.
Menopausal hormone therapies and risk of colorectal cancer: a Swedish matched‐cohort study
Authors: Liu Qing , Simin Johanna , Debelius Justine , Fall Katja , Sadr‐Azodi Omid , Engstrand Lars , Williams Cecilia , Brusselaers Nele 
Published: September 2023

SummaryBackgroundMenopausal hormone therapy (MHT) has been associated with various malignancies.AimsTo investigate the association of various MHT regimens with the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC).MethodsAll MHT ever‐users (n = 290 186) were included through the Swedish Prescribed Drug Registry, with a 1:3 group‐level matching to non‐users. Ever‐users were defined as women who received ≥1 dispensed prescription of systemic MHT during 2005‐2012 in Sweden. All CRC cases after drug initiation were extracted from the Swedish Cancer Registry. The association was assessed by multivariable conditional logistic and Cox regression models, presented as odds ratios (ORs) or hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) considering different regimens, duration and age at treatment initiation.ResultsCompared with non‐users, MHT users had an overall reduced odds for colon (OR = 0.67, 95% CI 0.63‐0.72) and rectal adenocarcinoma (OR = 0.66, 95% CI 0.60‐0.73), especially among women aged 40‐60 years. Current users of oestrogen‐only preparations (E‐MHT) showed a reduced odds (colon OR = 0.73, 95% CI 0.65‐0.82; rectal OR = 0.76, 95% CI 0.64‐0.90) compared to non‐users, particularly with oestradiol and oestriol. Past E‐MHT use showed stronger odds reductions (colon OR = 0.49, 95% CI 0.43‐0.56; rectal OR = 0.36, 95% CI 0.28‐0.45). Current use of oestrogen combined progestin therapy (EP‐MHT) indicated a less prominent odds reduction (colon adenocarcinoma OR 0.62, 95% CI 0.54‐0.72; rectal adenocarcinoma OR = 0.60, 95% CI 0.49‐0.74) than past users. Tibolone showed an increased risk of left‐sided colorectal adenocarcinoma. Oral and cutaneous MHT usage showed similar patterns.ConclusionsMHT use may decrease colorectal adenocarcinoma risk, for both E‐MHT and EP‐MHT, and especially in past users.
Between Renewal and Stability: Party System Change from a Multi‐Level Perspective in Brazil (1998–2018)
Authors: Maia Jayane dos Santos , da Costa Pedro Bras Martins , Martins Thaís Cavalcante , Hebling Matheus Lucas 
Published: September 2023

The growth of the far right and election results in Brazil are often associated with national or large‐scale events. The multi‐level features of these developments, namely party competition at the sub‐national level, are overlooked in the literature. This article argues that changes in the Brazilian national party system – those observed from Bolsonaro's election, mainly – are rooted in sub‐national political dynamics. Through a comparative and longitudinal analysis of multi‐level executive and legislative elections, we find that, although there are distinct patterns of competition between the national‐sub‐national and within‐country levels, this difference is not evident in volatility.
Export tax refund and the misreporting by Chinese exporters
Authors: Shi Xinzheng , Xu Zhufeng 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe document how Chinese exporters misreport their exports to China's customs in order to benefit from export tax refunds. We estimate the response of the logarithmic difference between the exports reported in China's customs data and the imports reported in destination countries' customs data to export tax refund rates. We find that with an increase of 1 percentage point in export tax refund rates, the logarithmic difference increases by 0.051. Additionally, with an increase of 1 percentage point in the export tax refund rates of similar products, this gap decreases by 0.024. Further study reveals that quantity manipulation accounts for the majority of the export reporting distortion.
Association between adherence to Eat‐Lancet diet and incidence and mortality of lung cancer: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Xiao Yi , Peng Linglong , Xu Zhiquan , Tang Yunhao , He Hongmei , Gu Haitao , Wang Yaxu , Xiang Ling 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPrevious research has shown that adhering to the Eat‐Lancet diet (ELD) is associated with a lower risk of chronic diseases and mortality. However, the associations between ELD and lung cancer incidence and mortality are unclear. To address this gap, we conducted a prospective cohort study involving 101,755 adults from the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian (PLCO) trial in the USA. The ELD score was utilized to assess compliance with the ELD, with higher scores indicating greater compliance. We employed Cox regression analyses to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of ELD score with the incidence and mortality of lung cancer and its subtypes. In addition, sensitivity analyses were performed to ensure the robustness of our findings. In total, 1706 cases of lung cancer and 1217 lung cancer‐associated deaths were recorded during the study period. Our analysis revealed that higher ELD scores were significantly associated with a reduced incidence (HRQuartile 4 vs. Quartile 1: 0.73; 95% CI: 0.60, 0.89; ptrend = 0.001) and mortality (HRQuartile 4 vs. Quartile 1: 0.74; 95% CI: 0.59, 0.93; ptrend = 0.005) of lung cancer in a dose–response manner (all pnonlinearity > 0.05). The reliability of these results was supported by sensitivity analyses. Notably, these associations were primarily observed in non–small‐cell lung cancer. In conclusion, our findings suggest that adherence to the ELD may be associated with a reduced risk of lung cancer incidence and mortality.
Attentional bias for rejection and sad words in Chinese left‐behind children with depression
Authors: Peng Jiaxin , Li Jiamin , Zhang Yuqian , Liang Limin , Ye Guilin , Xiao Wen 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to examine attentional bias (AB) for sad and social rejection words in Chinese left‐behind children (LBC) with depression.MethodWe investigated both stimulus specificity and components of AB in different groups using a cross‐sectional design. Data were drawn from a school assessment of depression and anxiety, from which we selected LBC with depression (n = 40), LBC without depression (n = 33), a control group with depression (n = 31), and a control group without depression (n = 37). AB was measured with a dot‐probe task covering two stimulus types (sad and rejection).ResultsThe analysis of AB scores revealed a significant three‐way interaction (LBC × depression × word type), F(1, 137) = 4.00, p = 0.047, η2 = 0.028, with depressed non‐LBC exhibiting a significant depression × word type interaction, F(1, 66) = 4.67, p = 0.034, η2 = 0.066, while the depression × word type interaction was not significant in LBC, F(1, 71) = 0.18, p = 0.675, η2 = 0.002. Depressed children living with their parents showed AB towards sad words but not rejection words, while depressed LBC showed greater AB towards both rejection and sad words.ConclusionsThe findings provide evidence that an AB towards sad information is critically involved in the depressed LBC. Compared with non‐LBC depressed individuals, an AB for rejection may be involved as a risk factor in the LBC. It sheds light on the effective intervention programmes for LBC's depression and have important practical significance for reducing depression and improving the mental health of LBC.
Evaluation of alveolar ridge preservation in sockets with buccal dehiscence defects using two types of xenogeneic biomaterials: An in vivo experimental study
Authors: Han Hee‐seung , Lee Jung‐Tae , Oh Seunghan , Cho Young‐Dan , Kim Sungtae 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectivesAlveolar ridge preservation (ARP) has been extensively investigated in various preclinical and clinical studies, yielding favorable results. We aim to evaluate the effects of ARP using collagenated bovine bone mineral (CBBM) alone or particulated bovine bone mineral with a non‐cross‐linked collagen membrane (PBBM/NCLM) in tooth extraction sockets with buccal dehiscence in an experimental dog model.Materials and MethodsThe mesial roots of three mandibular premolars (P2, P3, and P4) were extracted from six mongrel dogs 4 weeks after inducing dehiscence defects. ARP was randomly performed using two different protocols: 1) CBBM alone and 2) PBBM/NCLM. Three‐dimensional (3D) volumetric, micro‐computed tomography, and histological analyses were employed to determine changes over a span of 20 weeks.ResultsIn 3D volumetric and radiographic analyses, CBBM alone demonstrated similar effectiveness to PBBM/NCLM in ARP (p > .05). However, in the PBBM/NCLM group (3.05 ± 0.60 mm), the horizontal ridge width was well maintained 3 mm below the alveolar crest compared with the CBBM group (2.11 ± 1.01 mm, p = .002).ConclusionAlthough the radiographic changes in the quality and quantity of bone were not significant between the two groups, the use of PBBM/NCLM resulted in greater horizontal dimensions and more favorable maintenance of the ridge profile.
Reduced Implicit but not Explicit Knowledge of Cross‐Situational Statistical Learning in Developmental Dyslexia
Authors: Kligler Nitzan , Yu Chen , Gabay Yafit 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAlthough statistical learning (SL) has been studied extensively in developmental dyslexia (DD), less attention has been paid to other fundamental challenges in language acquisition, such as cross‐situational word learning. Such investigation is important for determining whether and how SL processes are affected in DD at the word level. In this study, typically developed (TD) adults and young adults with DD were exposed to a set of trials that contained multiple spoken words and multiple pictures of individual objects, with no information about word‐referent correspondences provided within a trial. Nonetheless, cross‐trial statistical relations could be exploited to learn word‐referent mappings. The degree of within‐trial reference uncertainty and the novelty of to‐be‐learned objects (novel or familiar) were varied under different learning conditions. The results show that across all conditions, young adults with DD were significantly impaired in their ability to exploit cross‐trial regularities in co‐occurring visual–auditory streams to discover word‐referent mappings. Observed impairments were most pronounced when within‐trial reference uncertainty was the highest. Subjective measures of knowledge awareness revealed greater development of implicit but not explicit knowledge in the TD group than in the DD group. Together, these findings suggest that the SL deficit in DD affects fundamental language learning challenges at the word level and points to greater reliance on explicit processes due to impaired implicit associative learning among individuals with DD. Such a deficit is likely to influence spoken language acquisition, and in turn affect literacy skills, in people with DD.