bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison and integration of simulation models for horizontal connection pipes in geothermal bore fields
Authors: Düber Stephan , Fuentes Raul , Narsilio Guillermo A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe heat transfer along horizontal connection pipes in geothermal bore fields can have significant effects and should not be neglected. As practical and design-related applications require simple and efficient models, we investigate suitability of different models for the first time within this context. Three ground and three pipe models of different complexity are studied. All model combinations are coupled with a fixed ground load boundary condition on one side and a borehole heat exchanger (BHE) model on the other side. Models are tested under a variety of realistic conditions to evaluate performance. The investigations show that all investigated pipe models are equally suitable for the application. For the ground models, the horizontal finite line source model and the numerical 2D model produce identical results for homogeneous ground properties. The soil resistance model neglects the temperature accumulation in the ground and thus leads to considerable deviations and should be avoided. Based on the findings, we propose a computationally efficient approach using a novel combination of established simple steady-state models for the BHE and connection pipes. In the selected example scenario, the consideration of a 30 m connection pipe attached to the BHE leads to an increase in the BHE load by 40% for the heating case and a reduction in the BHE load by 5% for the cooling case.
Characterizing facilitation practices of learning assistants: an authoritative-to-dialogic spectrum
Authors: Carlos Carina M. L. , Maggiore Nicolette M. , Dini Vesal , Caspari-Gnann Ira 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Learning assistants (LAs) increase accessibility to instructor–student interactions in large STEM lecture classes. In this research, we used the Formative Assessment Enactment Model developed for K-12 science teachers to characterize LA facilitation practices. The Formative Assessment Enactment Model describes instructor actions as eliciting or advancing student thinking, guided by their purposes and the perspective they center as well as by what they notice about and how they interpret student thinking. Thus, it describes facilitation practices in a holistic way, capturing the way purposes, perspectives, noticing, interpreting, and actions are intertwined and working together to characterize different LA actions. In terms of how perspectives influence actions, eliciting and advancing moves can be enacted either in authoritative ways, driven by one perspective that has authority, or in dialogic ways, driven by multiple perspectives. Dialogic practices are of particular interest because of their potential to empower students and center student thinking.

Results
Our analysis of video recordings of LA–student interactions and stimulated recall interviews with 37 introductory physical science lectures’ LAs demonstrates that instead of as a dichotomy between authoritative and dialogic, LA actions exist along a spectrum of authoritative to dialogic based on the perspectives centered. Between the very authoritative perspective that centers on canonically correct science and the very dialogic perspective that centers the perspectives of the students involved in the discussion, we find two intermediary categories. The two new categories encompass a moderately authoritative perspective focused on the LA’s perspective without the claim of being correct and a moderately dialogic perspective focused on ideas from outside the current train of thought such as from students in the class that are not part of the current discussion.

Conclusions
This spectrum further adds to theory around authoritative and dialogic practices as it reconsiders what perspectives can drive LA enactment of facilitation other than the perspective of canonically correct science and the perspectives of the students involved in the discussion. This emerging characterization may be used to give LAs and possibly other instructors a tool to intentionally shift between authoritative and dialogic practices. It may also be used to transition towards more student-centered practices.
Repeatability of a fully automated swept-source optical coherence tomography biometer and agreement with a low coherence reflectometry biometer
Authors: Domínguez-Vicent Alberto , Venkataraman Abinaya Priya , Dalin Amanda , Brautaset Rune , Montés-Micó Robert 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
To evaluate the repeatability of a fully automated swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) and its agreement with an optical low coherence reflectometry (OLCR) for several biometric parameters.

Methods
In this study, 74 eyes of 74 patients were measured using the Eyestar 900 SS-OCT and Lenstar LS 900 OLCR. Flat keratometry (K1) and steep keratometry (K2), central corneal thickness (CCT), anterior chamber depth (ACD), lens thickness (LT), and axial length (AL) were measured three times with each device. The repeatability was analyzed with the intrasubject standard deviation, coefficient of variability (CoV), and coefficient of repeatability (CoR) for each instrument. The agreement between the instruments was evaluated with Bland-Altman analysis.

Results
K1, K2 and CCT CoV values were < 0.2%, < 0.4% and < 0.55%, respectively. Higher CoV values were found for ACD and LT ranging from 0.56% to 1.74%. The lowest CoV values were found for the AL measurements (0.03% and 0.06% for the Eyestar 900 and the Lenstar LS 900, respectively). AL measurements provided the highest repeatability, measured with both CoV and CoR values, and the CCT was the parameter with the lowest repeatability. The CCT and LT measurements were statistically significant between the two biometers (P < 0.001). The interval of the limits of agreement was < 0.6 D for K1 and K2, 15.78 µm for CCT, 0.21 mm for ACD, 0.34 mm for LT, and 0.08 mm for AL.

Conclusions
Both biometers provide repeatable measurements for the different parameters analyzed and can be used interchangeably.
Automation in cargo loading/unloading processes: do unmanned loading technologies bring benefits when both purchase and operational cost are considered?
Authors: Carlan Valentin , Ceulemans David , van Hassel Edwin , Derammelaere Stijn , Vanelslander Thierry 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe use of technologies that automate handling goods and loading units in warehouses and depots is not new. Yet, the purchase process of these technologies issues troubles and the estimation of the economic advantages brought by one or another technology to the entire chain of operations in logistics are not always known. Faults or not documented decisions put pressure on managers and prices for services. They can cause a drop in the competitiveness of warehouse operators, particularly in uncertain conditions. Academia documented the cost of warehouse storage well. Yet, little research has looked into the economic justification of implementing automatic systems for loading or unloading activities and the impact on complementary operations. For this reason, a model is needed to calculate the cost of operations when different technical equipment is used. This research further investigates the cost categories that must be considered when purchasing automated loading/unloading technologies. The model includes the purchase and operational loading costs that new technologies generate and the cost of adjacent operations to loading activity. The case study uses forklifts as the reference scenario and provides an overview of the return on investment and a break-even period when other technologies are in use. The calculation model shows that increasing cargo volume leads to a better RoI. The same observation is also made regarding the rise in labour costs. For the latter, using human operators to handle pallets on a one-by-one basis generates an exponential increase in operational cost due to delays and faults. On the other side, the cost of implementing automated loading/unloading technologies and the consideration of technology risk determine the low economic advantages. An in-depth cost and benefit analysis shows in which situation a technology generates greater benefits. Further results of this paper show that better use of trucks' loading capacity can positively impact the financial performance of automated loading technologies, as a higher volume of cargo is moved (at once) without human intervention.
Boosting biopesticide potential of Trichoderma harzianum for controlling the downy mildew and improving the growth and the productivity of King Ruby seedless grape
Authors: El-Sharkawy Hany H. A. , Abo-El-Wafa Thoraya S. A. , Mostafa Nada A. , Yousef Safaa A. M. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Plasmopara viticola, the causal agent of grape downy mildew, is one of the most serious grape diseases. Application of Trichoderma harzianum grown on different potato dextrose supplemented broth media using some chemical inducers (TSDCIS), i.e., thiamine (T2), a mixture of micronutrients (T3) and potassium tartrate (T4), compared to Trichoderma without amendment (T1), was conducted under field conditions to evaluate the potential of T. harzianum against grape downy mildew, improving the growth, as well as the yield quality, and quantity.

Results
Foliar application of all TSDCIS significantly reduced the disease severity and increased the phenolic content, peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase enzyme activity, growth parameters, and yield parameters. Trichoderma growing on medium supplemented with potassium tartrate (T4) achieved the most significant reduction in the disease severity (78.9, 81.8%) than the control treatment in two growing seasons, respectively. In contrast, it decreased H2O2 content, lipid peroxidation, and cellular electrolyte leakage. Scanning electron microscopy observations revealed that the number of opened stomata, average stomatal area, and stomatal pore area decreased significantly in response to T4 treatment.

Conclusions
It can be concluded that using Trichoderma growing on medium supplemented with potassium tartrate (T4) to biosafety control the downy mildew disease of grape and improve its growth, yield, and fruit quality is recommended.
Anesthetic management of a parturient with tuberous sclerosis for emergency cesarean section- a case report
Authors: Yadav Nitu , Kumar Amit , Arora Vandna , Sharma Pragya , Arora Rashmi , Singhal Suresh K. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Tuberous sclerosis is an autosomal dominant neurocutaneous disorder characterized by hamartoma formation in various organ systems leading to highly variable clinical presentation. These patients pose a challenge to anesthesiologists due to multisystem involvement.

Case presentation
Herein, we report the successful anesthetic management of a 25-year-old parturient with tuberous sclerosis who underwent an emergency cesarean section in view of cephalopelvic disproportion. She had a seizure disorder, bilateral renal angiomyolipomas, angiofibroma over the cheeks, periungual fibroma on the right toe, and nodular lesions near the base of the tongue and oropharynx. We opted for regional anesthesia to avoid airway instrumentation, drug interaction, and renal insult.

Conclusions
Anesthetic management of tuberous sclerosis depends upon the extent and severity of the involvement of various organs. Careful assessment, thorough evaluation, and preoperative planning are crucial for dealing with the difficulties and complications encountered during the management of these cases.
Chitin synthases containing myosin motor-like domain are required for cell wall integrity and virulence of vascular wilt pathogen Verticillium dahliae
Authors: Chen Bin , Tian Juan , Feng Zhidi , Wang Huan , Sun Jie , Kong Zhaosheng 
Published: June 2023

AbstractVerticillium wilt (VW) of cotton poses a serious threat to the quality and yield of cotton. Verticillium dahliae is the primary causal agent of cotton VW. Moreover, V. dahliae can infect more than 200 species of dicotyledonous plants. The fungal cell wall plays a crucial role in its growth, development and pathogenicity. However, the mechanism of cell wall synthesis in V. dahliae and its role in pathogenesis remains unclear. In this study, we identified two chitin synthase (CHS) genes VdChs5 and VdChs7 containing myosin motor-like domain (MMD) and characterized their role in virulence of V. dahliae. The results showed that the functions of VdChs5 and VdChs7 were largely redundant, and target deletion of both VdChs5 and VdChs7 in V. dahliae did not affect vegetative growth, but reduced conidial production. ΔVdChs5Chs7 deletion mutant failed to colonize and proliferate in cotton vascular tissue, and exhibited significantly reduced virulence on cotton, suggesting that VdChs5 and VdChs7 are necessary for pathogenesis. In addition, the thickness of the cell wall in ΔVdChs5Chs7 showed significantly decreased, and ΔVdChs5Chs7 mutant exhibited hypersensitivity to cell wall perturbing agents and reactive oxygen species (ROS), indicating that VdChs5 and VdChs7 play key roles in cell wall integrity. Further, host-induced gene silencing (HIGS) silenced transcripts of VdChs5 and VdChs7 in susceptible cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. acc. TM-1) enhanced resistance to cotton VW. Taken together, our data demonstrated that VdChs5 and VdChs7 play pivotal roles in proliferation, cell wall integrity, and pathogenicity, and provided a novel strategy to improve Verticillium wilt resistance in cotton and other susceptible host plants.
New analytical LC–MS/MS method for fluconazole and ivermectin estimation in combined pharmaceutical dosage form: development and validation
Authors: Mohite Popat , Nimse Satish Balasaheb , Joy Jomon George , Kulkarni Rohini , Pandhare Ramdas , Pawar Anil 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Fluconazole, an antifungal drug, prevents fungi growth by inhibiting the formation of a protective covering. Ivermectin has several biological activities, such as antibacterial, antiviral, and anti-cancer characteristics, and offers various therapeutic outcomes. There are several commercial products containing these two drugs. Therefore, developing a method that can allow the simultaneous estimation of Fluconazole and ivermectin is inevitable to monitor them in commercial dosage forms. The hyphenated methodology that combines spectroscopic and chromatographic techniques is gaining high interest in the pharmaceutical industry. Consequently, the objective of present research work was to investigate robust and sensitive LC–MS/MS avenue for simultaneous determination of Fluconazole and ivermectin in pure material and combined dosage form.

Results
The simultaneous quantification of Fluconazole and ivermectin in tablet dosage form has been developed and validated using a straightforward, sensitive, practical, and repeatable LC–MS/MS approach. The separation was performed using a C18 (150 × 4.6 mm) column, injection volume of 10 µL, and elution with acetonitrile: formic acid at a ratio of 70:30, with the column temperature at 30 °C, and a flow rate of 4.0 mL/min. The retention times of Ivermectin and Fluconazole were 1.10 min and 1.05 min, respectively. The calibration curves for Fluconazole and ivermectin demonstrated significant linearities indicated by the correlation coefficients (r2 = 0.999 and r2 = 0.997) and precision (% R.S.D. of 1.58 and 1.13). The linear correlation between peak area and concentration allowed high percentage recoveries of 98.5%–99.4% and 97.8%–99.3% for Fluconazole and Ivermectin, respectively. The L.O.D.s for Fluconazole and ivermectin were found to be 0.0034 and 0.074 g/mL, respectively. The L.O.Q.s for Fluconazole and ivermectin were 0.010 and 0.225 g/mL, respectively.

Conclusion
All the analytical parameters were identified and found to be within the acceptable range set forth by the ICH guidelines, demonstrating the devised method's acceptability in the simultaneous detection and estimation of Fluconazole and ivermectin in the commercial dosage forms.
Characteristics of 24-hour movement behaviours and their associations with mental health in children and adolescents
Authors: Fairclough Stuart J. , Clifford Lauren , Brown Denver , Tyler Richard 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Time-use estimates are typically used to describe 24-hour movement behaviours. However, these behaviours can additionally be characterised by other easily measured metrics. These include sleep quality (e.g., sleep efficiency), 24-hour rest-activity rhythmicity (e.g., between-day rhythm variability), and directly measured acceleration metrics (e.g., intensity gradient). Associations between these characteristics and youth mental health are unclear. This study aimed to [1] compare 24-hour movement behaviour characteristics by sex and age groups, [2] determine which movement behaviour characteristics were most strongly associated with mental health outcomes, and [3] investigate the optimal time-use behaviour compositions for different mental health outcomes.

Methods
Three-hundred-and-one children and adolescents (age 9–13 y; 60% girls) wore accelerometers for 24-hours/day over 7-days. Overall mental health, externalising, and internalising problems were self-reported using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. 24-hour movement behaviour characteristics were categorised as time-use estimates, sleep quality, 24-hour activity rhythmicity, and directly measured acceleration. Linear mixed models and compositional data analysis were used to analyse the data in alignment with the study aims.

Results
Time-use estimates, directly measured accelerations, and 24-hour rest-activity rhythm metrics indicated that children were significantly more physically active (p = .01-<0.001) than adolescents. Children were also less sedentary (p < .01), slept longer (p = .02-0.01), and had lower sleep efficiency. Boys were significantly more active than girls (p < .001) who in turn accrued more time in sleep (p = .02). The timing of peak activity was significantly later among adolescents (p = .047). Overall mental health and externalising problems were significantly associated with sleep, sedentary time, sleep efficiency, amplitude, and inter-daily stability (p = .04-0.01). The optimal time-use compositions were specific to overall mental health and externalising problems and were characterised by more sleep, light and vigorous physical activity, and less sedentary time and moderate physical activity than the sample’s mean time-use composition.

Conclusions
Extracting and examining multiple movement behaviour characteristics from 24-hour accelerometer data can provide a more rounded picture of the interplay between different elements of movement behaviours and their relationships with mental health than single characteristics alone, such as time-use estimates. Applying multiple movement behaviour characteristics to the translation of research findings may enhance the impact of the data for research users.
Early Treatment Intensification in Metastatic Hormone-Sensitive Prostate Cancer
Authors: Wala Jeremiah , Nguyen Paul , Pomerantz Mark 
Published: June 2023

The Oncology Grand Rounds series is designed to place original reports published in the Journal into clinical context. A case presentation is followed by a description of diagnostic and management challenges, a review of the relevant literature, and a summary of the authors' suggested management approaches. The goal of this series is to help readers better understand how to apply the results of key studies, including those published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology, to patients seen in their own clinical practice. For generations, oncologists and urologists have used androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) to manage metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC). Until recently, ADT monotherapy was standard. Within the past decade, a series of trials have clearly demonstrated improved outcomes with a more aggressive up-front approach. Doublet intensification therapy, involving either ADT plus docetaxel or ADT plus any of several second-generation oral androgen-receptor pathway inhibitors (ARPIs), provide considerable survival advantages compared with ADT alone. In 2022, two trials, PEACE-1 and ARASENS, demonstrated the potential of triplet therapy, adding an ARPI to an ADT-docetaxel doublet. In the Original Report that accompanies this article, the authors provide a post hoc analysis of ARASENS (ADT plus docetaxel, with or without darolutamide), identifying the subpopulations of patients with mHSPC who might benefit most from a triplet regimen. They segment the ARASENS cohort by disease volume and disease risk profile, finding that triplet therapy is associated with improved outcomes regardless of category (although with limited power in the low-volume cohort). Meanwhile, trials are ongoing examining the role of radiotherapy (RT) in mHSPC, a modality previously reserved for localized disease or isolated, symptomatic metastases. Here, we present a mHSPC case and discuss our approach to mHSPC considering recent studies. We recommend triplet therapy for patients who are suitable candidates for chemotherapy, especially for patients with high-volume disease. We also favor aggressive use of RT, when feasible, for patients with low-volume mHSPC.
Mediastinal Staging in Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Saying Goodbye to Mediastinoscopy
Authors: Dunne Elizabeth G. , Fick Cameron N. , Jones David R. 
Published: June 2023

The Oncology Grand Rounds series is designed to place original reports published in the Journal into clinical context. A case presentation is followed by a description of diagnostic and management challenges, a review of the relevant literature, and a summary of the authors' suggested management approaches. The goal of this series is to help readers better understand how to apply the results of key studies, including those published in Journal of Clinical Oncology, to patients seen in their own clinical practice. Accurate staging of the mediastinal lymph nodes in resectable non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is critically important to determine the overall stage of the tumor and guide subsequent management. The staging process typically begins with positron emission tomography (PET) or computed tomography imaging; however, imaging alone is inadequate, and tissue acquisition is required for confirmation of nodal disease. Mediastinoscopy was long considered the gold standard for staging of mediastinal lymph nodes, but, recently, endobronchial ultrasound–guided (EBUS) fine-needle aspiration (FNA) has become the standard of care. EBUS-FNA, in combination with supplementary technologies, such as intranodal forceps biopsy and esophageal ultrasonography, has a high sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of nodal metastases. EBUS-FNA is also capable of assessing N1 disease and obtaining adequate tissue for tumor genomic analysis to help guide treatment. In the case of negative findings on EBUS, a confirmatory video mediastinoscopy is still recommended by the European Society of Thoracic Surgeons guidelines. However, whether confirmatory mediastinoscopy is necessary is a matter of debate, and it is not commonly performed in North America. To address this question, Bousema and colleagues performed a randomized noninferiority trial to determine rates of unforeseen nodal metastases after EBUS alone versus EBUS with confirmatory mediastinoscopy in patients with resectable NSCLC. The authors concluded that EBUS alone is noninferior to EBUS with confirmatory mediastinoscopy. These findings affirm our current practice to forgo confirmatory mediastinoscopy after negative findings on EBUS.