bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phenotyping and metabolomics insights into the effect of melatonin in lettuce under non‐stress and salinity conditions
Authors: Secomandi Elena , Senizza Biancamaria , De Gregorio Marco Armando , Miras‐Moreno Begona , Rivero Rosa Maria , Garcia‐Perez Pascual , Lucini Luigi 
Published: January 2025

AbstractMelatonin (MLT) is an indole derivative that exhibits hormone‐like activities in plants, regulating multiple aspects of growth and development. Due to its role in mitigating oxidative stress and facilitating osmoprotectant accumulation, MLT enhances abiotic stress tolerance, although the pathways and metabolic mechanisms involved remain unclear despite being studied in various crops. This work aimed to investigate the changes elicited by the exogenous MLT application at different concentrations (10, 50, 150 μM) and its role in mitigating the salinity stress in Lactuca sativa L. through metabolomics and phenotyping approaches. Our results clearly indicated that MLT increases photosynthetic efficiency at high dosage (150 μM) at either early or late salinity stress conditions (p < 0.01). Untargeted metabolomics provided insight into the significant effect of salinity and MLT (p < 0.01 in both cases, according to multivariate chemometrics), mediated by a broad reprogramming involving secondary metabolism, phytohormones, fatty acids and amino acids biosynthesis. In detail, 150 μM MLT induced an adjustment of the phytohormones profile to reduce the salinity‐induced damages. Our findings support the well‐known potential of melatonin in alleviating salinity stress. These findings address existing challenges in studying the molecular effects of MLT in mitigating abiotic stress, providing insights into the biochemical pathways that drive its effectiveness. In this sense, further research is acknowledged to provide a multidisciplinary high throughput perspective leading to its exploitation in a wide range of crops of agricultural and economic importance.
Damage Response Analysis Combined With Machine Learning to Investigate the Effect of Frequency on the Impact-Sliding Fretting Corrosion Behavior of Inconel 690 Alloy
Authors: Xiong Hailong , Wang Guoping , Yin Meigui 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Inconel 690 alloys have been widely applied in the manufacturing of steam generator tubes for pressurized water reactors at nuclear power station. However, complicated impact-sliding fretting corrosion behavior always accompanies its entire service period. This study, which is based on experimental research and numerical analysis methods, investigates the effect of impact frequency on the impact-sliding fretting corrosion behavior of Inconel 690 alloy tubes. Then, machine learning is applied to predict the evolution law of the degree of damage. The results show that different impact frequencies do not affect the damage failure mechanism of the impact-sliding fretted alloy tube surface. However, an increase in impact frequency will lead to a more severe degree of damage. The corresponding maximum wear depths of the 5-, 10-, and 15-Hz impact frequencies caused by the impact-sliding fretting wear scars were approximately 6.630, 11.105, and 14.485 μm, respectively. The corresponding wear volume increased from approximately 3.626 × 104 μm3 to 6.325 × 104 μm3 and 8.395 × 104 μm3. Furthermore, machine learning modeling demonstrates perfect robustness and precision in predicting the damage evolution rule of the impact-sliding fretting corrosion behavior of an alloy tube.
Guided Waves in Composite Overwrapped Pressure Vessels and Considerations for Sensor Placement Toward Structural Health Monitoring—An Experimental Study
Authors: Heimann Jan , Mustapha Samir , Yilmaz Bengisu , Prager Jens 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The utilization of composite overwrapped pressure vessels (COPVs) to store hydrogen, especially at high pressures, is gaining more popularity due to their lightweight design and high storage density, offering significant economic advantages. However, the presence of material defects or fatigue can lead to critical failures, requiring an innovative and robust approach to ensure safe operation and system integrity. Developing a continuous structural health monitoring (SHM) system for COPVs can provide comprehensive real-time information about their condition, facilitating a shift away from periodic inspections. This study scrutinizes the behavior of guided waves (GWs) within COPVs to design a sensor network for damage detection and localization. First, the dispersive and multimodal propagation behavior of GWs is experimentally investigated. Subsequently, important parameters for the network design are derived and finally a sensor network consisting of 15 piezoelectric transducers is designed to cover the entire cylindrical area. The effectiveness is then evaluated experimentally by placing artificial defects on the surface of the COPV. The multi-layered dataset of GW signals was analyzed using both commonly used ultrasonic features (e.g., amplitude, frequency, time of flight) as well as statistical features (kurtosis, skewness, variance, etc.). These features were utilized to compute a damage index, and the effectiveness of the detection performance was assessed using receiver operating characteristic curves. It can be seen that some features are more sensitive and robust under varying experimental conditions. The results show that ultrasonic GW SHM system is a promising solution for damage detection and localization in COPVs.
Quorum sensing regulates virulence factors in the coral pathogen
Vibrio coralliilyticus
Authors: Lydick Victoria N. , Mass Shir , Pepin Robert , Podicheti Ram , Klempic Emra , Rusch Douglas B. , Ushijima Blake , Brown Laura C. , Salomon Dor , van Kessel Julia C. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

The bacterial pathogen
Vibrio coralliilyticus
causes disease in coral species worldwide. The mechanisms of
V. coralliilyticus
coral colonization, coral microbiome interactions, and virulence factor production are understudied. In other model
Vibrio
species, virulence factors like biofilm formation, toxin secretion, and protease production are controlled through a density-dependent communication system called quorum sensing (QS). Comparative genomics indicated that
V. coralliilyticus
genomes share high sequence identity for most of the QS signaling and regulatory components identified in other
Vibrio
species. Here, we identify an active QS signaling pathway in two
V. coralliilyticus
strains with distinct infection etiologies: type strain BAA-450 and coral isolate OCN008. In
V. coralliilyticus
, the inter-species AI-2 autoinducer signaling pathway in both strains controls expression of the master QS transcription factor and LuxR/HapR homolog VcpR to regulate >300 genes, including protease production, biofilm formation, and two conserved type VI secretion systems (T6SSs). Activation of T6SS1 by QS results in the secretion of effectors and enables interbacterial competition and killing of prey bacteria. We conclude that the QS system in
V. coralliilyticus
is functional and controls the expression of genes involved in relevant bacterial behaviors typically associated with host infection.

IMPORTANCE

Vibrio coralliilyticus
infects many marine organisms, including multiple species of corals, and is a primary causative agent of tissue loss diseases and bacterial-induced bleaching. Here, we investigated a common cell-cell communication mechanism called quorum sensing, which is known to be intimately connected to virulence in other
Vibrio
species. Our genetic and chemical studies of
V. coralliilyticus
quorum sensing uncovered an active pathway that directly regulates the following key virulence factors: proteases, biofilms, and secretion systems. These findings connect bacterial signaling in communities to the infection of corals, which may lead to novel treatments and earlier diagnoses of coral diseases in reefs.
Draft genome sequence of glyphosate-degrading
Ochrobactrum
sp. strain GPK 3 (VKM B-2554D) isolated from agricultural soil
Authors: Sviridov Alexey V. , Tarlachkov Sergey V. , Epiktetov Dmitry O. , Shushkova Tatyana V. , Petrakova Marina P. , Leontievsky Alexey A. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

The genome of
Ochrobactrum
sp. isolated from agricultural soil polluted with the herbicide glyphosate is reported. The genome size is 5.48 Mb with an average G + C content of 56.3%. This genomic data could contribute to a better understanding of biochemistry and regulatory mechanisms of microbial degradation of glyphosate and 2-aminoethylphosphonic acid
Complete genome sequence of
Algoriphagus halophilus
strain SOCE 003, a marine bacterium isolated from the surface seawater of Dapeng Bay
Authors: Yang Jiayi , Xia Tian , Zhou Xunying , Xu Shuaishuai , Guo Kangli , Zhang Qianqing , Guo Jing , Hou Shengwei 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Algoriphagus
is a heterotrophic bacterium commonly found in diverse marine environments. Here, we report the complete genome sequence of
Algoriphagus halophilus
strain SOCE 003, which is 5,154,101 bp long, encoding 5,524 annotated protein-coding genes, 39 tRNAs, and 8 rRNAs. This genome information will help us understand the ecology of
Algoriphagus
.
Evaluating the feasibility, sensitivity, and specificity of next-generation molecular methods for pleural infection diagnosis
Authors: Bell Peter T. , Baird Timothy , Goddard John , Olagoke Olusola S. , Burke Andrew , Subedi Shradha , Davey Tiana R. , Anderson James , Sarovich Derek S. , Price Erin P. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Pleural infections are common and associated with substantial healthcare costs, morbidity, and mortality. Accurate diagnosis remains challenging due to low culture positivity rates, frequent polymicrobial involvement, and non-specific diagnostic biomarkers. Here, we undertook a prospective study examining the feasibility and performance of molecular methods for diagnosing suspected pleural infection. We prospectively characterized 26 consecutive clinically suspected pleural infections, and 10 consecutive patients with suspected non-infective pleural effusions, using shotgun metagenomics, bacterial metataxonomics, quantitative PCR, and conventional culture. Molecular methods exhibited excellent diagnostic performance, with each method identifying 54% (14 out of 26) positive cases among the pleural infection cohort, versus 38% (10 out of 26) with culture. Metagenomics and bacterial metataxonomics unveiled complex polymicrobial infections that were not captured by culture. Dominant microbes included streptococci (
Streptococcus intermedius
,
Streptococcus pyogenes
, and
Streptococcus mitis
),
Prevotella
spp. (
Prevotella oris
and
Prevotella pleuritidis
), staphylococci (
S. aureus
and
S. saprophyticus
), and
Klebsiella pneumoniae
. However, we encountered challenges that complicated pleural infection interpretation, including: (i) uncertainties regarding microbial pathogenicity and the impact of prior antibiotic therapy on diagnostic performance; (ii) lack of a clinical diagnostic gold-standard for molecular performance comparisons; (iii) potential microbial contamination during specimen collection or processing; and (iv) difficulties distinguishing background microbial noise from true microbial signal in low-biomass specimens. This pilot study demonstrates the potential utility and value of molecular methods in diagnosing pleural infection and highlights key concepts and challenges that should be addressed when designing larger prospective trials.

IMPORTANCE
Confident pleural infection diagnosis is often challenging due to low culture positivity rates, frequent polymicrobial involvement, and non-specific diagnostic biomarkers. Limitations of conventional diagnostic tests result in prolonged and inappropriately broad-spectrum antimicrobial use, encouraging antimicrobial resistance and leading to avoidable adverse effects. Here, we demonstrate the feasibility, utility, and challenges associated with the use of culture-independent molecular techniques for accurate pleural infection diagnosis in a real-world clinical setting. These data will help to inform the design of larger prospective clinical trials and identify potential obstacles to be overcome before next-generation sequencing technologies can be integrated into routine clinical practice.
Topological Bardeen–Cooper–Schrieffer theory of superconducting quantum rings
Authors: Landrò Elena , Fomin Vladimir M. , Zaccone Alessio 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Quantum rings have emerged as a playground for quantum mechanics and topological physics, with promising technological applications. Experimentally realizable quantum rings, albeit at the scale of a few nanometers, are 3D nanostructures. Surprisingly, no theories exist for the topology of the Fermi sea of quantum rings, and a microscopic theory of superconductivity in nanorings is also missing. In this paper, we remedy this situation by developing a mathematical model for the topology of the Fermi sea and Fermi surface, which features non-trivial hole pockets of electronic states forbidden by quantum confinement, as a function of the geometric parameters of the nanoring. The exactly solvable mathematical model features two topological transitions in the Fermi surface upon shrinking the nanoring size either, first, vertically (along its axis of revolution) and, then, in the plane orthogonal to it, or the other way round. These two topological transitions are reflected in a kink and in a characteristic discontinuity, respectively, in the electronic density of states (DOS) of the quantum ring, which is also computed. Also, closed-form expressions for the Fermi energy as a function of the geometric parameters of the ring are provided. These, along with the DOS, are then used to derive BCS equations for the superconducting critical temperature of nanorings as a function of the geometric parameters of the ring. The

$$T_c$$

T
c

varies non-monotonically with the dominant confinement size and exhibits a prominent maximum, whereas it is a monotonically increasing function of the other, non-dominant, length scale. For the special case of a perfect square toroid (where the two length scales coincide), the

$$T_c$$

T
c

increases monotonically with increasing the confinement size, and in this case, there is just one topological transition.

Graphic Abstract
The Material Basis for the Beneficial Effects of Paidu Powder on Hyperuricemia: A Network Pharmacology and Clinical Study
Authors: Yan Sun , Tong Wu , Ye Zhu , Shuwen Zheng , Yuting Guo , Jian Lin , Zhang Hailing , Yonglin Gao 
Published: January 2025

Background: Paidu powder (PDP) is a formula that is used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) practices and has been demonstrated to be effective to lower blood uric acid (UA) level.Methods: Network pharmacology was employed to probe the mechanistic basis for the beneficial effects of PDP. Then, PDP was subjected to Aspergillus oryza AS3.042 fermentation, and the primary bioactive compounds in the resultant samples were analyzed via HPLC. A clinical study was then performed to test the therapeutic effects of unfermented and fermented PDP on HUA.Results: Network pharmacology strategies identified 122 active compounds and 924 HUA‐related target genes, with 61 overlapping targets relative to PDP and HUA ultimately being selected. These target genes were associated with 474 GO biological process terms and 136 KEGG pathways. Moreover, good binding was observed between three main bioactive compounds of interest and nine primary target proteins. Notably, the levels of the top three bioactive compounds (quercetin, kaempferol, and naringenin) were significantly elevated by 308.96%, 1386.44%, and 719.21%, respectively, following fermentation. Clinical analyses indicated that both PDP and fermented PDP treatment significantly reduced UA, CRE, and BUN levels (p < 0.01), with a higher overall efficacy rate in the fermented PDP group relative to the unfermented PDP group (p < 0.01). Fewer adverse reactions were also observed in the fermented PDP group.Conclusion: These results offer novel insights into the putative mechanisms through which PDP can exert its beneficial effects against HUA, offering a novel basis for the identification of the pharmacological effects of this popular TCM prescription.
Abstract 026: Initial Experience with the Walrus BGC results from 300 cases
Authors: Bhogal P. 
Published: January 2025

Background
Until recently only the Flowgate2 (Stryker Neurovascular) was available clinically despite multiple advances in aspiration catheter and stent‐retriever technology.
The Walrus BGC (Q'Apel Medical Inc, Fremont, California, USA) is a next generation BGC with improved flexibility and compatibility with large bore aspiration catheters. We report our experience with the Walrus BGC in anterior circulation LVO MT with a focus on procedural aspects related to the vascular anatomy, recanalization efficacy and complications.

Materials and Methods
A retrospective review at two high volume MT centres in the United Kingdom (>300 cases annually) was performed to identify all patients where the Walrus BGC was used between July 2023 and January 2024.
The inclusion criteria included:

•Age ≥18• NIHSS score ≥6•ASPECT score ≥3•mRS 0‐2•Life expectancy of >6months•The Walrus BGC was used 1
st
line during the MT.

All patients underwent plain CT + CTA prior to the MT procedure. Patients received IV tPA if they met the appropriate criteria. The anatomical configuration was recorded as per the ASMET score (Assessment for Mechanical Thrombectomy Score) which assesses and scores the:•Presence of a Bovine arch (0‐1)•The aortic arch confirguration (0‐2)•The degree of dolichoarteriopathy affecting the supra‐aortic vessels (0‐2)•Presence of ICA dolichoarteriopathy (0‐1)The ASMET score gives a range of 0‐6 and higher scores have been previously been shown to be associated with longer procedural times. Positioning of the BGC was divided into either proximal ICA and distal ICA and standard times such as puncture time, time to first angiogram, first pass effect and final eTICI score were recorded.

Results
300 patients that met the inclusion criteria with average age 69.5±15yrs, and 168 (56%) male. The average NIHSS score was 15.8±6.5 and average ASPECT score 7.6±1.9. 51.5% of patients received IV tPA. The vast majority of LVo were located in M1 (60%), ICA 21.5% and M2 17.8%. Tandem lesions were present in 18.1%.
Arch configuration was as follows: I.34.7%II.21.7%III.43.6%
The average ASMET score was 2.6±1.6. Kinked or coiled ICA was seen in 18.1%, tortuous in 53.8% and straight in 28.1%. A distal location of the BGC was achieved in 77.9% and proximal location in 22.1%. FPE was seen in 49% with mFPE in 65.9%. Final eTICI≥2c was 75.9% and ≥2b 92.7%. There was one major complication – a CCF caused by the BGC. Minor non‐flow limiting dissections were seen in 4.3% of cases. With regards to arch configuration and ASMET score there was no statistical significant difference between the puncture to first run time, first pass time, or final angiogram between different arch types.

Conclusion
The Walrus BGC is highly navigable and there is no statistically significant difference between the time taken to navigate the Walrus in patients with minimal tortuosity compared to very tortuous anatomy. The use of Walrus is associated with a high degree of first pass success and low complication rates.
Abstract 029: Malondialdehyde as a Clinical Indicator for Oxidative Stress and Functional Outcomes in Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Couture L. , Eagen P. , Petway A. , Cahuiche A. E. , Baskin L. , McCullough L. 
Published: January 2025

Introduction
Acute Ischemic stroke (AIS) is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide, with Social Isolation (SI) being a contributing factor to worse functional outcomes. The molecular and metabolic changes that occur after AIS are not fully understood. One mechanism known to trigger systemic inflammatory responses and neuronal death characteristic of stroke is the rapid increase in Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), leading to oxidative stress (OS). New data reports that SI has been shown to increase OS in mouse models. One emerging biomarker able to reliably measure OS is Malondialdehyde (MDA), a reactive carbonyl compound originating from polyunsaturated fatty acid oxidation and lipid peroxidation. Due to its composition, MDA readily reacts with lipid membranes, making it a sensitive OS biomarker. This study assessed MDA levels in the plasma of AIS patients to evaluate its ability to predict long‐term functional outcomes and complications arising from SI.

Hypothesis
We hypothesized that OS levels correlate with long‐term functional outcomes in AIS patients and varies based on non‐modifiable risk factors such as sex and race.

Methods
In this study, we used peripheral blood plasma from healthy volunteers (HV, N=24), and from AIS patients (N=27) at 3d and 7d post‐stroke to capture the temporal profile of MDA after injury. Social Isolation was measured utilizing ULCA Loneliness scale and Lubben Social Network Scale collected during patients’ hospitalization.

Results
AIS patients had an increase in MDA levels compared to the control group, as seen in prior literature. We found a significant positive correlation with age of AIS patients and higher levels of MDA (p<0.05). There was a positive trend with BMI and levels of MDA. As expected, non‐lonely AIS patients had increased levels of MDA when compared to non‐lonely HV (p<0.05). Interestingly, lonely AIS patients had a decrease in MDA when compared to their lonely HV counterparts (p<0.001). Stroke patients with larger social networks had decreased MDA levels. There was no relationship between levels of MDA during hospitalization and functional outcome at 3 months post discharge.

Conclusion
MDA appears to be a promising biomarker for oxidative stress in AIS patients, with notable associations with age, BMI, and social network and isolation. These findings underscore the complex relationship between OS, social factors, and stroke outcomes. Further research is needed to understand the impact of OS and its correlation with SI so that new treatment plans can be developed for stroke survivors.