bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SARS-CoV-2 epidemiological trend before vaccination era: a seroprevalence study in Apulia, Southern Italy, in 2020
Authors: Marchi Serena , Coppola Chiara , Piu Pietro , Benincasa Linda , Dapporto Francesca , Manenti Alessandro , Viviani Simonetta , Montomoli Emanuele , Trombetta Claudia Maria 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Aim
The present study aimed at assessing the prevalence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in the general population in the province of Bari (Apulia region, Southern Italy) during the year 2020.

Subject and methods
In this study, 1325 serum samples collected from January to December 2020 were tested for the presence of IgM and IgG antibodies against whole-virus SARS-CoV-2 antigen by commercial ELISA. Positive samples were further tested by in-house ELISA for the detection of anti-receptor binding domain (RBD) IgM and IgG antibodies and by micro-neutralization (MN) assay for the detection of neutralizing antibody.

Results
One hundred (7.55%) samples had the presence of at least one antibody class against SARS-CoV-2 by commercial ELISA, of which 88 (6.6%) showed IgG and 19 (1.4%) showed IgM antibodies. The proportion of samples with IgG antibodies increased from 1.9% in January–February to 9.6% in November–December, while no significant increase was observed for IgM. When tested by in-house ELISA and MN assay, 17.0% and 31.6% were found positive to RBD IgG and RBD IgM, respectively, while 12.0% showed neutralizing antibody.

Conclusion
The proportion of samples with SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies increased during 2020, especially in the second half of the year, consistent with data reported by the routine epidemiological surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 cases. Despite the high number of reported cases, the seroprevalence values are relatively low, and only a small proportion of samples had neutralizing antibodies.
A Systematic Review and Lived Experience Synthesis of Self-disclosure as an Active Ingredient in Interventions for Adolescents and Young Adults with Anxiety and Depression
Authors: Gonsalves Pattie P. , Nair Rithika , Roy Madhavi , Pal Sweta , Michelson Daniel 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSelf-disclosure, referring to the ability to communicate and share intimate personal feelings, has strong face validity for many young people as a way of improving anxiety and depression outcomes. The current review aimed to generate the first comprehensive evidence synthesis of self-disclosure interventions involving young people aged 14–24 years who are either disclosers or recipients of personal information about living with anxiety and/or depression. A systematic review of quantitative and qualitative data was combined with new insights from an adolescents and young adults lived-experience panel (n = 7) with the intention to combine rigorous systematic review methods and experiential knowledge. Six studies of variable quality were included in this review, five were quantitative and one was qualitative. Findings suggest that self-disclosure may be effective at reducing symptoms for adolescents and young adults with established depression; effects were not apparent when delivered as early prevention. No evidence for impacts on anxiety was found. The potential for negative effects like bullying or harassment was identified. Findings were limited by a small number of studies; low representation of peer-reviewed studies from low-or middle-income countries; and varied interventions in terms of format, participants' context, and nature of delivery. Self-disclosure may be of value in the context of interventions intended explicitly to reduce depression for those already showing symptoms. Delivery by non-specialists (such as peers and teachers) in addition to mental health professionals can help build capacity in community health systems. Self-disclosure may also be helpful at reducing stigma and stimulating help-seeking at earlier stages of mental health problems.
Promoting Prescription Drug Safety Skills in School: Evaluating the Effectiveness of a Technology-Based Curriculum
Authors: Smart Mieka , Lynch Alicia Doyle , Callina Kristina Schmid , Richer Amanda , Mulheron Megan , Zapp Daniel 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Prescription drug misuse among youth aged 12–18 remains high in the United States. Grounded in Social Norms Theory, school-based curricula have been shown to effectively challenge students’ misperceptions of peer norms and safety regarding prescription drug misuse (PDM).

Objective
The present study is a quasi-experimental evaluation of a brief, no cost, school-based prescription drug safety program.

Methods
Participants included 94 teachers and their students (n = 2325) in grades 8 through 12. Teachers (and their students) were assigned to experimental or control conditions. Using a pre-/post-survey design, we examined whether the curriculum promoted growth in five key student outcomes: Personal Responsibility, Social Norms, Knowledge, Future Actions, and Refusal Skills. Student demographic characteristics and prescription drug history were examined as moderators of growth. Within the experimental group, variation in implementation factors such as teachers’ prior experience with the program and perceptions of student engagement were examined as moderators of the effectiveness of the curriculum.

Results
Multilevel models demonstrated equitable growth in Personal Responsibility, Social Norms, Knowledge, Future Actions, and Refusal Skills across gender, race, and other demographic characteristics. Students’ prescription drug history was not associated with growth on the five key outcomes. Growth in Personal Responsibility, Social Norms, Knowledge, and Future Actions was maintained in a one-month follow-up survey. Teacher perceptions of student engagement were associated with lower growth in Social Norms.

Conclusions
The findings suggest promising implications for the scalability of an effective, brief, no cost, technology-based intervention targeting adolescent PDM.
The Effectiveness of School-Based Skills-Training Programs Reducing Performance or Social Anxiety: Two Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: van Loon Amanda W. G. , Creemers Hanneke E. , Vogelaar Simone , Miers Anne C. , Saab Nadira , Westenberg P. Michiel , Asscher Jessica J. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Given that high levels of stress during adolescence are associated with negative consequences, it is important that adolescents with psychological needs are supported at an early stage, for instance with interventions at school. However, knowledge about the potential of school-based programs targeting adolescents with psychological needs, aimed at reducing school or social stress, is lacking.

Objective
The current study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of two targeted school-based skills-training programs, addressing either skills to deal with performance anxiety or social skills.

Methods
Two randomized controlled trials were performed with participants who self-selected to one of the programs. The sample comprised of N = 361 adolescents (Mage = 13.99 years, SD = 0.83) from various educational levels and ethnic identity backgrounds. The performance anxiety program included N = 196 participants (N = 95 in the experimental group), while the social skills program included N = 165 participants (N = 86 in the experimental group). MANCOVA’s were performed.

Results
The performance anxiety program had a small effect on reducing adolescents’ test anxiety. Furthermore, for adolescents who attended more than half of the sessions, the program had small effects on reducing test anxiety and fear of failure. The program did not improve adolescents’ coping skills or mental health. The social skills program was not effective in improving social skills, social anxiety, and mental health.

Conclusions
A relatively short, targeted program addressing skills to deal with performance anxiety can have the potential to reduce adolescents’ performance anxiety.

Trial registration
International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (Netherlands Trial Register, number NTR7680). Registered 12 December 2018. Study protocol van Loon et al., (2019).
A Dodgson-Hare synthesis
Authors: Green-Armytage James 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn 1876, Charles Dodgson (better known as Lewis Carroll) proposed a committee election procedure that chooses the Condorcet winner when one exists and otherwise eliminates candidates outside the Smith set, then allows for re-votes until a Condorcet winner emerges. The present paper discusses Dodgson’s work in the context of strategic election behavior and suggests a “Dodgson-Hare” method: a variation on Dodgson’s procedure, for use in public elections. This method allows for candidate withdrawal and employs Hare’s plurality-loser-elimination method to resolve persistent cycles. Given plausible assumptions about how candidates decide whether to withdraw when there is a cycle, Dodgson-Hare outperforms Hare, Condorcet-Hare, and 12 other voting rules in a series of spatial-model simulations that count how often each rule is vulnerable to coalitional manipulation. In the case of a one-dimensional spatial model, all coalitional voting strategies that are possible under Condorcet-Hare can be undone in Dodgson-Hare, by the withdrawal of candidates who have incentive to withdraw.
SARS-CoV-2 elicits non-sterilizing immunity and evades vaccine-induced immunity: implications for future vaccination strategies
Authors: Beukenhorst Anna L. , Koch Clarissa M. , Hadjichrysanthou Christoforos , Alter Galit , de Wolf Frank , Anderson Roy M. , Goudsmit Jaap 
Published: February 2023

AbstractNeither vaccination nor natural infection result in long-lasting protection against SARS-COV-2 infection and transmission, but both reduce the risk of severe COVID-19. To generate insights into optimal vaccination strategies for prevention of severe COVID-19 in the population, we extended a Susceptible-Exposed-Infectious-Removed (SEIR) mathematical model to compare the impact of vaccines that are highly protective against severe COVID-19 but not against infection and transmission, with those that block SARS-CoV-2 infection. Our analysis shows that vaccination strategies focusing on the prevention of severe COVID-19 are more effective than those focusing on creating of herd immunity. Key uncertainties that would affect the choice of vaccination strategies are: (1) the duration of protection against severe disease, (2) the protection against severe disease from variants that escape vaccine-induced immunity, (3) the incidence of long-COVID and level of protection provided by the vaccine, and (4) the rate of serious adverse events following vaccination, stratified by demographic variables.
Collegiality, Friendship, and the Value of Remote Work
Authors: Mlonyeni Philip Maxwell Thingbø 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPhilosophers have not paid much attention to the impact of remote work on the nature of work and the workplace. The overall aim of this paper is to contribute to further debate over the value of remote work by focusing on one important dimension of it – the effect on collegial relationships.I distinguish two types of collegial relationships. On the one hand, there are what I call “Kantian collegial relationships”, which have been outlined in a recent account by Betzler & Löschke. These are colleagues who acknowledge and respect each other as equals, and provide relationship goods in a fair and distributive manner. On the other hand, there are what I call “collegial friendships”. In contrast to Kantian colleagues, collegial friends are emotionally supportive and show appreciation for each other for who they are, not just because they are equals. Both types of collegial relationship must be taken into consideration if we want to fully understand why we value our colleagues.I then show that there are reasons to believe that remote work will have a chilling effect on collegial friendships. Remote workers must interact online, which undermines forms of self-disclosure that are necessary for intimate relationships to form, like collegial friendship. Conversely, I suggest that remote work, for exactly the same reasons, will have a positive effect on Kantian collegial relationships. The proliferation of remote work forces us to consider whether this tradeoff is acceptable.
Efficacy of peritoneal dialysis in patients with refractory congestive heart failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Timóteo Ana Teresa , Mano Tânia Branco 
Published: February 2023

AbstractRefractory congestive heart failure (RCHF) is a common complication in the natural history of advanced heart failure. Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a possible alternative in those patients, but studies are scarce, and mostly with small samples. We conducted this meta-analysis to evaluate the effects of PD in patients with RCHF. Articles published before July 2020 in the following databases: PubMed, Web of Science, and CENTRAL. Mean differences (MD) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed to generate a pooled effect size with a random effects model. We also assessed heterogeneity, risk of bias, publication bias, and quality of evidence. Twenty observational studies (n = 769) were included, with a “before and after intervention” design. PD was associated with a significant reduction in NYHA functional class (MD −1.37, 95% CI −0.78 to −1.96) and length of hospitalisation (MD −34.8, 95% CI −20.6 to −48.9 days/patient/year), a small but significant increase in left ventricular ejection fraction (MD 4.3, 95%CI 1.9 to 6.8%) and a non-significant change in glomerular filtration rate (MD −3.0, 95% CI −6.0 to 0 mL/min/1.73m2). Heterogeneity among studies was significant and overall risk of bias was rated from moderate to critical. No significant publication bias was found, and the overall quality of evidence was very low for all outcomes. PD in patients with RCHF improved functional class, length of hospitalisation, and ventricular functional, and had no impact in renal function. Further randomised clinical trials are warranted to confirm our results that showed some limitations.
Enhancement of optical absorption and dispersion characteristics of nanocrystalline In2Se3 films: impact of γ-ray irradiation
Authors: Ebraheem Bassant , Farag A. A. M. , Ashour A. H. , Roushdy N. , El-Nahass M. M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThermal evaporation was used to deposit In2Se3 thin films with a thickness of 276 nm on different glass and quartz substrates under vacuum. The 60Co rays were used to irradiate thin films at dosages of 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50) kGy. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to investigate the crystalline and morphological structure of In2Se3 thin films, respectively. The results revealed that powder has a polycrystalline structure, whereas pristine and irradiated thin films are amorphous. The computed absorption coefficient indicates that direct transition is allowed for the as-deposited and γ-irradiated thin films, and the value of the measured energy gaps increases when the dose is increased from 10 to 50 kGy. Using single-oscillator models to obtain the dispersion parameters, the spectral dependency of the refractive index in the higher wavelength area was studied. The effect of irradiation on dielectric constants and dispersion characteristics suggests that the examined films are highly sensitive to appropriate irradiation dose. The nonlinear optical susceptibility has improved, making it appropriate for a variety of device applications.
Influence of Eu3+ on the structural, optical and electrical properties of PEO–PVA: dual bandgap materials for optoelectronic applications
Authors: Saber S. , El-Sayed S. , El Sayed Adel M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSolid-polymer electrolytes (SPE) based on rare-earth doping is a growing approach for the development of various optoelectronic and ion-conducting devices. Eu3+/PEO–PVA SPE was prepared by solution casting. The impacts of Eu3+ content on the microstructure, chemical composition, and complexation with the functional groups of the blend as well as on the film morphology were evaluated by X-ray diffraction, FT-IR spectroscopy, and FE-SEM microscopy. It was revealed that the film's crystallinity and optical transmittance can be tailored by Eu3+ content. Tauc's method illustrated that the films exhibit dual band gaps on both the low energy side (2.0–2.8 eV) and the high energy side (4.0–4.38 eV). In addition, the refractive index and optical conductivity of SPE were greatly enhanced with increasing Eu3+ content. The current–voltage characteristic curves were recorded at an applied voltage range of 0–10 V, and temperature range of 30–100 °C. The materials exhibited non-Ohmic behavior. The DC conductivity ($${\sigma }_{\mathrm{dc}})$$

σ
dc

)

values of the pure and 6 wt% Eu3+-doped blend were in the range of 1.16 × 10–6–2.05 × 10–6 S/cm and 1.73 × 10–6–3.36 × 10–6 S/cm, respectively. The relations between the current density and the electric field revealed that the Schottky emission is the most suitable conduction mechanism. The results indicate that Eu3+/PEO–PVA SPE is suitable for some optoelectronic applications and ion-conducting devices.
Evaluation of an Audio-Visual Novela to Improve COVID-19 Knowledge and Safe Practices Among Spanish-Speaking Individuals with Schizophrenia
Authors: Kopelowicz Alex , Lopez Steven R. , Molina Gregory B. , Baron Melvin , Franco Richard , Mayer Doe 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn the United States, the health and economic consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic have disproportionately affected the Latinx community. Within the Latinx community, people with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders are more susceptible to exposure to the virus. Given their increased risk of contracting and getting sick from the virus, efforts targeting the Latinx population should focus on increasing knowledge and safe practices associated with COVID-19. We developed a 10 min animated, Spanish-language audio-visual novela designed to improve knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding COVID-19. Latinx adults with schizophrenia (N = 100) at a community mental health center in Los Angeles were randomly assigned to watch the novela or a non-COVID video (control group). Participants completed surveys immediately before and one month after viewing the material. One month after watching the audio-visual novela, subjects endorsed a greater likelihood of seeking a COVID-19 vaccine than control subjects. No other significant differences were observed between the two conditions. The findings of this study suggest that the presentation of health information in a relevant, engaging, and appealing manner may be useful way to improving salutary health behaviors of Latinx people with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders.
Performance of TES X-Ray Microcalorimeters Designed for 14.4-keV Solar Axion Search
Authors: Yagi Y. , Konno R. , Hayashi T. , Tanaka K. , Yamasaki N. Y. , Mitsuda K. , Sato R. , Saito M. , Homma T. , Nishida Y. , Mori S. , Iyomoto N. , Hara T. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA $$^{57}$$

57

Fe nucleus in the solar core could emit a 14.4-keV monochromatic axion through the M1 transition if a hypothetical elementary particle, axion, exists to solve the strong CP problem. Transition edge sensor (TES) X-ray microcalorimeters can detect such axions very efficiently if they are again converted into photons by a $$^{57}$$

57

Fe absorber. We have designed and produced a dedicated TES array with $$^{57}$$

57

Fe absorbers for the solar axion search. The iron absorber is set next to the TES, keeping a certain distance to reduce the iron-magnetization effect on the spectroscopic performance. A gold thermal transfer strap connects them. A sample pixel irradiated from a $$^{55}$$

55

Fe source detected 698 pulses. In contrast to thermal simulations, we consider that the pulses include either events produced in an iron absorber or gold strap at a fraction dependent on the absorption rate of each material. Furthermore, photons deposited on the iron absorber are detected through the strap as intended. The identification of all events still needs to be completed. However, we successfully operated the TES with the unique design under iron magnetization for the first time.
Operating Room Performance Optimization Metrics: a Systematic Review
Authors: Schouten Anne M. , Flipse Steven M. , van Nieuwenhuizen Kim E. , Jansen Frank Willem , van der Eijk Anne C. , van den Dobbelsteen John J. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractLiterature proposes numerous initiatives for optimization of the Operating Room (OR). Despite multiple suggested strategies for the optimization of workflow on the OR, its patients and (medical) staff, no uniform description of ‘optimization’ has been adopted. This makes it difficult to evaluate the proposed optimization strategies. In particular, the metrics used to quantify OR performance are diverse so that assessing the impact of suggested approaches is complex or even impossible. To secure a higher implementation success rate of optimisation strategies in practice we believe OR optimisation and its quantification should be further investigated. We aim to provide an inventory of the metrics and methods used to optimise the OR by the means of a structured literature study. We observe that several aspects of OR performance are unaddressed in literature, and no studies account for possible interactions between metrics of quality and efficiency. We conclude that a systems approach is needed to align metrics across different elements of OR performance, and that the wellbeing of healthcare professionals is underrepresented in current optimisation approaches.
Acceptance for Income Inequality in Poland
Authors: Litwiński Michał , Iwański Rafał , Tomczak Łukasz 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAccording to the contemporary theory of income inequality, the impact of this phenomenon on other economic categories is determined by the way it is perceived and accepted. Therefore, it is worth deepening knowledge on income disparity by identifying the factors that most influence acceptance for the latter. The main purpose of the article is to identify the factors affecting acceptance for income inequality in Poland. The basis for estimations conducted to verify the research hypotheses was a set of microdata from a survey conducted in Poland in 2019. Models were estimated using the Generalized Structural Equation Modelling approach. Our study revealed the endogeneity issues resulting from inclusion attitudes towards redistribution in the model of acceptance for income inequality. We have also revised results obtained in other research concerning similar problems—only income, age, sense of empowerment, conservative worldview and attitude towards redistribution proved to have direct significant impact on acceptance for income inequality.
BALANCER: bandwidth allocation and cache partitioning for multicore processors
Authors: Navarro-Torres Agustín , Alastruey-Benedé Jesús , Ibáñez Pablo , Viñals-Yúfera Víctor 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe management of shared resources in multicore processors is an open problem due to the continuous evolution of these systems. The trend toward increasing the number of cores and organizing them in clusters sets out new challenges not considered in previous works. In this paper, we characterize the use of the shared cache and memory bandwidth of an AMD Rome processor executing multiprogrammed workloads and propose several mechanisms that control the use of these resources to improve the system performance and fairness. Our control mechanisms require no hardware or operating system modifications. We evaluate Balancer on a real system running SPEC CPU2006 and CPU2017 applications. Balancer tuned for performance shows an average increase of 7.1% in system performance and an unfairness reduction of 18.6% with respect to a system without any control mechanism. Balancer tuned for fairness decreases the performance by 1.3% in exchange for a 64.5% reduction of unfairness.