bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spastic Syndrome in Cerebral Palsy. Literature Review
Authors: К.Ф. Венегас, , И.Ю. Збанок, , Г.В. Забродец, , А.Ю. Соловьева, , М.В. Талабаев, 
Published: January 2023

В статье представлен обзор современных знаний о патофизиологических механизмах развития спастичности и механизмах структурных изменений в спастичных мышцах при детском церебральном параличе (ДЦП). Одним из механизмов спастичности при ДЦП является дисбаланс между возбуждающими и тормозящими импульсами с относительным дефицитом ГАМК в спинном мозге из-за повреждения развивающегося головного мозга, что приводит к нарушению нейрорегуляции в центральной нервной системе (ЦНС). Было обнаружено, что повышенный мышечный тонус приводит непосредственно к структурным изменениям в самой мышце, нарушению ее взаимодействия с другими мышцами, искажению биомеханики движения. В результате постоянной нейрональной стимуляции мышц при спастичных формах ДЦП происходит увеличение процентного содержания волокон первого (медленного) типа с соответствующими характеристиками. В комплексе все эти процессы вызывают фундаментальную перестройку мышечно-суставного взаимоотношения, нарушение двигательных паттернов.
The article presents an overview of current knowledge about the pathophysiological development of spasticity and the mechanisms of structural changes in spastic muscles in cerebral palsy (CP). One of the mechanisms of spasticity in cerebral palsy is an imbalance between excitatory and inhibitory impulses corresponding the deficiency of GABA in the spinal cord, due to damage of the developing brain, which leads to impairment the neuroregulation in the central nervous system (CNS). It was found that increased muscle tone leads directly to structural changes itself, disruption of its interaction with other muscles and distortion of the motion biomechanics. As a result of constant neuronal stimulation of muscles in spastic forms of cerebral palsy the percentage of fibers of the first type muscles fibers (slow twitch) increases with its corresponding characteristics. In complex all of these processes cause the restructuring of the musculoskeletal relationship and impairment of motor patterns.
Collaborative writing and patterns of interaction in young learners: The interplay between pair dynamics and pairing method in LRE production
Authors: Basterrechea María , Gallardo-del-Puerto Francisco 
Published: January 2023

A considerable body of research within the Socio-cultural theory (Lantolf & Appel, 1994) examines how learners express their linguistic gaps verbally, or question their own or others’ language use when writing collaboratively, i.e., produce Languagerelated episodes (LREs; Swain & Lapkin, 1998). Several studies have also explored the effect that different patterns of interaction (Storch, 2002) have on the production of LREs with adult learners (e.g., Mozaffari, 2017; Storch & Aldosari 2013), but little research has compared the effect of these patterns of interaction and pair formation method (i.e., student-selected and proficiency-matched) on young EFL learners’ ability to attend to language, and much less on the type of grammatical features they focus on in LREs.
This study examines young EFL learners’ (aged 10-12) production of LREs and pair dynamics in student-selected vs. proficiency-matched groups while completing a collaborative writing task. It was found that young EFL learners mainly exhibit a collaborative type of dynamics and resolved more LREs accurately, together with expert-novice groups. Matched proficiency was more beneficial, as these groups produced more target-like LREs. As per the type of form-focused LREs produced, these young learners focused primarily on spelling issues and less on grammatical knowledge-induced ones.
Isolation and Identification of Clostridium difficile from Antibiotic- Associated Diarrhea and Colitis in Iraqi children, using API20A Anaerobic system.
Authors: Mona Turkey AL-Mossawei  , Luma Yousif Mahdi  
Published: January 2023

Clostridium difficile were isolated by 51 (21.25%) from a total of 240 stool sample collected from children having diarrhea and colitis at ages from after birth to 15 years old from Baghdad hospitals, who were under treatment with broad spectrum antibiotics, and Sample were taken during the period of first of June 2013 till the end of april 2014. Also 80 stool samples were collected from healthy ,non diarrhea children as controls. Morphological and API 20A tests were used for the identification of this bacterium to evaluate the performance of the API 20A anaerobe system in definitively identifying strains of C. difficile. . This study shows that females were more infected than males .Overall positivity was (21.25%)in this study group compared to controls (P<0.05). The isolation percent from age <5years was (18.75%) , while it in age>5years was( 2. 5 %) . It was found that this percent decreased with age get older.
Proposed Approach for Key Generation Based on the RNA
Authors: Assit Prof. Dr.Alia Karim Abdul Hassan  
Published: January 2023

Due to fundamental role of random key in the design of cryptography algorithms, a new method is proposed for generating random key based on the bases of RNA translation to protein chain. The proposed method accept a key sequence size(9,18,27,…) byte and generate key sequence with extended length appropriate with plain message length. The security strength of generated key is acceptable according to the results of statistical tests of randomness
DESCRIPTION OF ACID-RESISTANT BACTERIA EXAMINATION IN PATIENT FOLLOW UP TUBERCULOSIS IN THE WORKING AREA OF BLUD PUSKESMAS PERUMNAS, LUBUKLINGGAU BARAT I
Authors: Widiawati Widiawati , Karwiti Witi , Garini Ardiya , Harianja Sri Hartini 
Published: January 2023

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by stem-shaped bacteria known as Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Transmission through saliva media or phlegm sufferers containing pulmonary tuberculosis basil. Pulmonary TB is a major public health problem with the number 3rd most in the world after China and India, with about 10% of the total number of people with pulmonary TB in the world. There are an estimated 539,000 new cases and 101,000 deaths each year. The number of pulmonary TB events in Indonesia characterized by the presence of positive acid-resistant bacteria in patients is 110 per 100,000 inhabitants. The purpose of the study to find out the description of the examination of acid-resistant bacteria in people with Pulmonary TB in the working area of BLUD Puskesmas Perumnas Lubuklinggau Barat Lubuklinggau District in 2018. Method: This study is descriptive research with cross sectional study design with axial. sampling method. Result: After conducting research on lung TB follow-up patients as many as 22 people who were originally positive for Pulmonary TB in the working area of BLUD Puskesmas District Perumnas Lubuklinggau Barat city I in 2018 obtained the results of research as many as 22 people (100 %) BTA test results were negative, based on education obtained by 9 people (40.9%) universities with negative BTA results and 13 people (59.1%) low education negative BTA results. Based on knowledge obtained by 22 people (100%) have good knowledge with negative BTA results. Based on the compliance of taking drugs obtained 22 people (100%) have adherence to ingesting the drug in accordance with negative BTA results. Based on the attitude of health workers obtained 22 people (100%) stated the attitude of health workers have a good attitude. Conclusion: BTA examination in all TB patients followed up with negative results.
KADAR HEMOGLOBIN PADA PENDERITA KUSTA YANG MENJALANI MULTI DRUG THERAPY (MDT) DI RS KUSTA DR. RIVAI ABDULLAH PALEMBANG
Authors: Yusneli Yusneli - , Ifryani Ifryani , Nurhayati Nurhayati , Basa Itail Husna , Siregar Sri Sulpha 
Published: January 2023

Latar Belakang: Penyakit kusta merupakan penyakit menular yang disebabkan oleh Mycobacterium leprae. Dalam upaya pemutusan mata rantai penularan kusta dilakukan pengobatan Multi Drug Therapy (MDT), salah satu efek samping dari obat MDT adalah anemia. Indikasi adanya anemia salah satunya dapat diukur dengan estimasi kadar hemoglobin darah. Hemoglobin adalah suatu protein sel darah merah yang memiliki peranan penting dalam proses transport oksigen, karbondioksida serta proton dalam tubuh. Oleh karena itu, perlu diketahui kadar hemoglobin pada penderita kusta yang menjalani MDT. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui gambaran kadar hemoglobin pada penderita kusta yang menjalani MDT di RS Kusta Dr. Rivai Abdullah Palembang tahun 2018. Metode: Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif. Sampel yang digunakan adalah semua penderita kusta yang sedang menjalani pengobatan MDT di RS Kusta Dr. Rivai Abdullah Palembang. Sampel yang diambil berjumlah delapan belas responden yang memenuhi kriteria penelitian. Hasil: Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan 55,6% mengalami anemia, berdasarkan umur remaja 0%, dewasa 60%, lansia 80%. Berdasarkan jenis kelamin laki-laki 57,1%, perempuan 50%. Berdasarkan jenis pengobatan MDT PB 40%, MDT MB 61,5%. Berdasarkan lama pengobatan 1-3 bulan 20%, 4-6 bulan 40%, 7-9 bulan 87,5%. Sedangkan 44,4% tidak anemia. Bedasarkan umur remaja 100%, dewasa 40% , lansia 20%. Berdasarkan jenis kelamin laki-laki 42,9%, perempuan 50%. Berdasarkan jenis pengobatan MDT PB 60%, MDT MB 38,5%. Berdasarkan lama pengobatan 1-3 bulan 80%,4-6 bulan 60% dan untuk 7-9 bulan 12,5%. Kesimpulan: Hasil penelitian didapatkan yang mengalami anemia lebih banyak pada umur lansia, jenis kelamin laki-laki, jenis pengobatan MDT MB, dan lama pengobatan 7-9 bulan. Kata kunci: Kusta, kadar hemoglobin, MDT
ANALISIS HASIL PEMERIKSAAN SARS-CoV-2 METODE RT-PCR di LABORATORIUM DAN RUMAH SAKIT RUJUKAN PALEMBANG
Authors: Syailendra Anton , NauE Dian Adhe Bianggo , Tarmizi Muhammad Ihsan , Dewi Sagita Kesuma 
Published: January 2023

Background: The spread of Corona Virus Disease-19 (COVID-19) caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus in the world is increasing so rapidly leads to the World Health Organization (WHO) announced the condition as a pandemic. The recommended test for SARS-CoV-2 is real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (PRC), a method with high sensitivity and specificity. The outcome of the assay is the cycle threshold (Ct) value of the sample compared with a reference Ct value. However, there has been no standardization to determine threshold (Cycle threshold), the cycle number at which the fluorescence generated within a reaction crosses the fluorescence threshold, a fluorescent signal significantly above the background fluorescence, on different hosts. Each manufacturer of this method's reagent kit may vary at the threshold value so that the interpretation becomes subjective only to the kit's used. By considering that not all SARS-CoV-2 testing laboratories use the same reagent kit, we would like to study the Ct value of SARS-CoV-2 assay Methods: This research is an analytical descriptive study with a secondary data analysis approach. The data collected was the Cycle threshold (Ct) value of SARS-CoV-2 assay with RT-PCR method from Health Laboratory Center of Palembang (BBLK), PUSRI Hospital and Siti Fatimah Hospital. Results: during September-November 2020 there were 6,366 SARS-CoV-2 positive samples from 50,950 samples (12.49%); the RT-PCR type were multiplex techniques with two target genes, a combination of RdRP and N, RdRP and E, RdRP and ORF1ab. The average of Cycle threshold (Ct) value from positive test results for the target genes ORF1ab, RdRP, N and E were: 30.33; 28.44; 28.90 and 27.84 respectively . Keywords : Test result analysis, RT-PCR, SARS-CoV-2
EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA ESCOLAR EM CONTEXTO INCLUSIVO E O DESENVOLVIMENTO DE ESTRATÉGIAS DE ENSINO: UM ENSAIO TEÓRICO
Authors: De Morais Milena Pedro 
Published: January 2023

A Educação Inclusiva é hoje um dos maiores desafios na ação docente e na prática pedagógica, sobretudo, nas/durante as aulas de Educação Física. Neste complexo contexto e com o intuito de colaborar para o processo formativo continuado dos/as professores/as de Educação Física, este ensaio teórico almeja como objetivos apresentar diferentes perspectivas inclusivas, discutir o processo inclusivo nas aulas de Educação Física face ao conceito da “Diferença” e apresentar diferentes estratégias de ensino considerando a potencialidade do estudante com deficiência, a fim de estas estratégias sejam instrumentos facilitadores para a elaboração de propostas pedagógicas mais equitativas. O texto está organizado em dois momentos sendo que, no primeiro momento o objetivo centra - se em esclarecer conceitos essenciais e pertinentes ao desenvolvimento da Educação Inclusiva e discutir sobre a inclusão escolar na perspectiva dos estudantes com deficiência, no segundo momento tecemos uma discussão sobre a limitação versus a potencialidade apresentando diferentes possibilidades e estratégias de ensino facilitadoras ao processo inclusivo. Muitos fatores por vezes interferem de forma negativa no sucesso do processo inclusivo, contudo, mesmo com tantas adversidades os professores de Educação Física têm atuado como agentes transformadores ao envolver a comunidade educativa em práticas pedagógicas equitativas.
Recebido em: 29/07/2022
Reformulado em: 19/08/2022
Aceito em: 19/08/2022
O USO DA TECNOLOGIA E ATIVIDADES FÍSICAS: POSSIBILIDADES JUNTO À DEFICIÊNCIA INTELECTUAL
Authors: Sabino Kawashita Ieda Mayumi , Russo Rafaela Aparecida Rodrigues 
Published: January 2023

O Coronavírus SARS-CoV-2 provocou o isolamento social de todos, inclusive das pessoas com deficiência. O objetivo deste artigo é descrever as possibilidades do uso da tecnologia da informação e comunicação - TICs, para auxiliar a manutenção da qualidade de vida das pessoas com deficiência intelectual, bem como apresentar as reações causadas pelas interações e a percepção dos usuários neste momento específico. Esta é uma pesquisa qualitativa que teve como público alvo os usuários do Centro Dia, de uma instituição não governamental no interior de Minas Gerais, que apoiou todas as etapas deste trabalho. Participaram da pesquisa duas pessoas com deficiência intelectual, com idades de 33 e 54 anos, foram utilizados dois instrumentos, questionários e as redes sociais (WhatsApp e Facebook). Os resultados apontam que é possível auxiliar na manutenção da qualidade de vida das pessoas com deficiência em tempos de isolamento social, utilizando-se das TICs para a realização de atividades físicas orientadas por um professor, bem como nos aspectos socioemocionais favorecer emoções positivas, e consideramos que a saudade foi amenizada, mas não totalmente superada, o que é compreensível. Concebemos que o uso das TICs se faz irreversível e que temos que agregá-la aos nossos fazeres, estimulando as pessoas com deficiência a utilizá-la em benefício próprio.
Recebido em: 02/08/2022
Reformulado em: 10/09/2022
Aceito em: 07/10/2022
função perversa da grande mídia na desestabilização das leis trabalhistas
Authors: Donato Mauro 
Published: January 2023

Com admirável competência para criar mitos, os meios de comunicação de massa têm grande responsabilidade no imaginário popular pela miragem de um mundo paradisíaco: o do empreendedorismo. Essas empresas difundem o mantra fraudulento “seja seu próprio chefe”, quando mais honesto seria dizer “escravize-se voluntariamente sem causar consequências, nem punições, nem encargos, nem processos ao empresariado”. A grande mídia, ou mídia corporativa, tem papel fundamental na glamourização do empreendedorismo. Afirmar que tal iniciativa esteja “no DNA do brasileiro”, “no espírito do nosso povo” é corriqueiro no jornalismo parceiro do patronato. “Cinquenta e dois milhões de brasileiros possuem negócio próprio”, é algo dito na TV com naturalidade e sorriso no rosto dos apresentadores, com a intenção de fazer tal dado parecer um avanço. Na prática, são milhões de desempregados, pessoas a quem não restou alternativa a não ser sair em busca de alguns tostões diariamente fazendo bicos. Das empresas em atividade no país, 70% são de microempreendedores individuais (MEI). Denominar um camelô como empreendedor é mais um eufemismo do mundo encantado descolado da vida real. Todo esse discurso atende ao empresariado robusto, ávido por enterrar as conquistas de direitos de trabalhadores. Retrata ainda a particularidade da grande mídia no Brasil que está nas mãos de meia dúzia de famílias, um retrato da concentração de poder e de renda. Uma mídia que atua em interesse próprio e das grandes empresas anunciantes, em detrimento dos interesses dos trabalhadores.
Resenha do Documentário: Dois Riachões, Cacau e Liberdade
Authors: Moll Patrícia 
Published: January 2023

Resenha do documentário Dois Riachões, cacau e liberdade, que trata de como um assentamento no Sul da Bahia conquistou terra, independência financeira e soberania alimentar através da reforma agrária e do apoio de instituições.
Ontogeny of feeding and digestive system in cobitidian fish Noemacheilus montanus (McClelland)
Authors: Bahuguna S. N. , Khatri Suman , Chowdhary Ashish K. , Bahuguna Garima 
Published: January 2023

Noemacheilus montanus is a bottom feeder water tracer fish of Himalayan region. The fish moves within the minute water capillaries in the mountain region and inhabited in small tributaries of hill stream. The incubation period spanned over 40-45 hour. After 1st day post-hatching the mouth was opened and upper and lower lips were distinguished. By second day post hatching taste buds were developed on both the lips. The larvae show rudiments of barbels on second day and which continue to grow and by 5th day post hatching these acquire slender and long shapes with many taste buds scattered all over the surface. The large numbers of taste buds secrete huge amount of mucous which is morpho-ecological adaptation in these larvae for movement as well as this protect the larvae in their habited zone. Various taste buds are also located on the upper and lower lips which are heterogeneous in shape. These taste buds greatly help this loach to locate the food and render this fish with carni-omnivorous habit enabling them to be the scavengers of the water body where they live. The pharyngeal region was distinguished from the buccal cavity by the development of the gill structure evident by 1st days post-hatch which are also having a large number of taste buds and mucous cells. These are helpful to take movement as well as respiration in the environment having less amount of water.
Screening and Optimization of Extracellular Alkaline Protease Production from Bacillus Spp
Authors: Chourasia P. , Patel B. , Prakash M.M. , Gaherwal S. 
Published: January 2023

Protease enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of protein. Among the various proteases, bacterial proteases are most significant when compared with animal and fungal proteases. In the present study a protease producing bacteria were isolated from soil collected from Govt. Holkar Science College, Indore campus and identified as Bacillus spp. They were grown within a temperature range between 25°C & 45 °C and pH range of 6.0 to 11.0. The optimum condition for protease production obtained was 35 °C at pH 9. The best carbon and organic nitrogen sources for this bacterial strain were fructose and yeast extract, respectively, while the most effective inorganic nitrogen sources was urea. It is envisaged that the isolate can be a potential source of alkaline protease for use as additive in industrial applications like detergent industry.
Impact of media composition on the growth of flower decomposing fungi
Authors: Shouche Shobha , Bhati Praveesh , Pandey Anil , Yadav Ulka , Jain Sudhir  Kumar 
Published: January 2023

A growth experiment was conducted at Madhav Science College , Ujjain , India to find out the optimum growth requirements of flower decomposing fungi. In this experiment, Selected test fungi i.e. Penecillium sp., Aspergillus sp., Mucor sp.,Rhizopus sp. , Alterneria sp.etc, were taken and allow to grow in various kinds of media viz. semi defined media with floral extract , chemical defined media, semi defined media with yeast extract and semi defined media with floral extract & yeast extract. After incubation, observations indicate that semi defined media with yeast extract and floral extract is more suitable for fungal growth and absence of yeast extract slightly affect the fungal growth.
Manifestation of pathognomonic signs in modeling diabetes mellitus with streptozotocin in BALB/c mice
Authors: Sorokina A. V. , Zhanataev A. K. , Chayka Z. V. , Miroshkina I. A. , Lisitsyn A. A. , Durnev A. D. 
Published: January 2023

Relevance. Diabetes mellitus is a widespread, socially significant disease. In this regard, it is important to obtain an experimental model that precedes subsequent experiments on pharmacological screening and/or study of the mechanism of action of antidiabetic agents.The aim of this work was a comparative assessment of the manifestation of hyperglycemia, DNA damage, and morphology of internal organs in BALB/c mice in the modeling of diabetes mellitus by a single administration of streptozotocin at a dose of 200 mg/kg and its fractional, five-day administration at a rate of 40 mg/kg per day.Methods. Streptozotocin was used as an inducer of diabetes. The drug was administered to mice once at a dose of 200 mg/kg or 5 times daily at a dose of 40 mg/kg. We monitored hyperglycemia, DNA damage in the cells of the brain, liver, kidneys, pancreas and testes, and also assessed the microscopic picture of individual internal organs, including the pancreas.Results. In both variants of the experiment, the reproduction of pathognomonic signs of diabetes mellitus is traced. They are somewhat more clearly seen in the variant of the experiment with a fractional, five-day administration of streptozotocin in single doses of 40 mg/kg.
Implementasi Metode Naïve Bayes untuk Menentukan Persetujuan Pemberian Beasiswa Penuh pada Penerimaan Mahasiswa Baru di Institusi Pendidikan X
Authors: Aliman Wilianti 
Published: January 2023

Beasiswa merupakan salah satu strategi yang dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan jumlah calon mahasiswa yang mendaftar di sebuah institusi Pendidikan terutama Institusi Pendidikan Swasta. Beasiswa yang diberikan juga harus disesuaikan agar tidak merugikan bisnis dari Institusi Pendidikan tersebut, sehingga perlu menganalisa karakteristik calon penerima beasiswa. Institusi Pendidikan harus dengan cermat menentukan karakteristik calon mahasiswa yang berpotensi untuk diberikan beasiswa.
Penelitian ini memanfaatkan proses Data Mining untuk menemukan dan mempelajari pola perilaku yang ada dari data masa lalu. Pengetahuan akan profil pelanggan yang berhasil menjadi mahasiswa dengan yang kemungkinan besar tidak akan menjadi mahasiswa ini dapat digunakan untuk mengukur perilaku calon mahasiswa yang mendaftar di Institusi Pendidikan X dengan melihat demografi dari calon mahasiswa, waktu pendaftaran, dan juga besaran beasiswa yang telah diberikan dari pengalaman yang sudah terjadi khususnya data pada tahun 2016-2020.
Penelitian menggunakan metode Naïve Bayes ini menghasilkan tingkat akurasi rata-rata 80-90%, menurut penelitian yang dilakukan probability keberhasilan menjadi mahasiswa (calon mahasiswa menuntaskan proses pendaftran hingga menjadi mahasiswa) lebih tinggi apabila pemberian beasiswa dilakukan melalui ujian atau prestasi dari calon mahasiswa.