bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of volumetric changes at implant connector among three different types of abutment after cyclic loading
Authors:   , Jirayusakamol Piyawan 
Published: September 2023

The aim of this study was to compare the volumetric change of dental implant among three different types of abutments after cyclic loading.Thirty dental implants (4.1x10 mm., Straumann®) were used .All of them were inserted in acrylic resin block with usual surgical protocol to gain primary stability and be able to retrieve for volumetric measurement later. Ten of each dental implant connected with Titanium abutment (Group1: Variobase abutment Straumann®), Gold abutment (Group2: UCLA abutment Straumann®) and Zirconia abutment (Group 3: Care abutment Straumann®) consecutively. Then all specimen was submitted to cyclic loading (1x106 cycles, axial load, 100N, 15 Hz) at 30oangulated. After loading, the volumetric of the dental implants were measured by true density analyzer (Accu Pyc II).The volumetric changes of dental implants among three abutment types were examined by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Bonferroni post-hoc analysis. A P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results showed the dental implant for group 3( mean ± SD; 17.3302±0.5560) was significantly different from Group 1 ( mean ± SD 9.3982±0.2128) and group 2 ( mean ± SD; 7.6164±1.9165) .In summary, dental implants with zirconia abutments showed the greater of volumetric loss than the other groups.
Kinetic mechanism of indigo-producing indole monooxygenase from Acinetobacter baumannii
Authors:   , Suksomjaisaman Kanyarat 
Published: September 2023

Indole, a bicyclic compound comprising a fused benzene and pyrrole ring, serves as a fundamental component in numerous natural compounds. Additionally, indole holds significant importance in industrial applications, particularly in the production of pharmaceutical drugs and agrochemicals. Flavin-dependent indole monooxygenase is an enzyme responsible for hydroxylation of the indole ring. Indole monooxygenase is a two-components: flavoprotein reductase containing FAD as a cofactor, and monooxygenase. The reductase component utilizes NADH to catalyze flavin reduction and transfers the reduced flavin to the monooxygenase component. The hydroxylation of indole by monooxygenase reduced FAD and oxygen as substrates. In this study, we cloned the indole monooxygenase (IndOx) from the genome of Acinetobacter baumannii and the gene was subcloned into an expression vector with a C-terminal histidine tag. The expression IndOx resulted in a high yield of 0.31 g/L, while reductase (IndR) yield of 0.11 g/L in the culture media. To elucidate the enzyme mechanism, rapid kinetic experiments were conducted using a stopped-flow spectrophotometer. The hydroxylation of indole was found a specific hydroxylation at the C3 position of indole ring, resulting in the production of 3-hydroxyindole. Understanding the enzyme reaction mechanism will be applied for enzyme engineering for production of indigoid compounds for diverse applications in medicines, cosmetics, food industries, and the manufacturing of high-value materials.
Effects of heat and UV-C curing on properties of soy protein film
Authors:   , Akter Tanjina 
Published: September 2023

This study aimed to investigate the effects of heat curing and UV-C curing on properties of soy protein film. Both the heat and UV-C treatments were applied to either film-forming solution or pre-formed film. In the first part, film-forming solution or pre-formed film was cured at 60, 70, or 80°C for 2, 4, or 6 h. Heat curing had no effect on film thickness (p>0.05), but it did improve tensile strength of the films. Pre-formed film cured at 70°C for 4 h exhibited the highest tensile strength (3.49 MPa), which was 1.8 times higher than the control. Increasing Raman intensity in the S-S stretching region confirmed the formation of heat-induced disulfide cross-links. This increasing degree of cross-linking may also account for a decrease in elongation at break of the film samples. An increase in yellowness intensity was observed in heat-cured samples. Heat curing of film-forming solution significantly increased film transparency but posed the opposite effect on pre-formed films. Heated films exhibited a decrease in water solubility and an increase in surface hydrophobicity. Heat curing of film-forming solution produced a film with increasing water vapor permeability. Meanwhile, water vapor permeability of heat-cured pre-formed films was similar to the control (p>0.05). SEM revealed structural inhomogeneity of heat-cured films. In the second part, the effect of UV-C curing of film formerly heat-treated at 70°C for 4 h was investigated. The radiation doses were varied as 4, 8, 12, and 16 J/cm2. UV-curing did not affect film thickness but did cause a significant increase in tensile strength. Heat-treated pre-formed film undergoing UV-curing at 12 J/cm2 possessed the greatest tensile strength (6.37 MPa), 1.8-fold higher than the film heat-treated alone and 3.4-fold higher than the control. UV-induced dityrosine cross-linking was confirmed using fluorescence spectroscopic technique. In spite of that, UV-C treatment minimally affected elongation at break. Similar to heat treatment, UV-curing also induced an increase in yellowness intensity and a slight decrease in transparency. UV-C treatment produced a film with lower water solubility. UV-curing of heat-treated film-forming solution had no effect on water vapor permeability of the resulted film, but the treatment significantly increased water vapor permeability of heat-treated pre-formed film. UV-C curing at lower doses tended to result in a film with lower surface hydrophobicity. At higher UV-C doses, however, surface hydrophobicity became increasing again. SEM micrographs revealed cracks and pinholes in UV-cured heat-treated film matrices. In conclusion, heat curing and combined heat/UV-C curing were demonstrated as effective techniques for enhancing mechanical strength of soy protein film by promoting the formation of covalent cross-links between protein chains.
Comparison of aroma active compounds in fresh Thai holy basil leaves from 2 varieties
Authors:   , Vichienkalayarat Thanatcha 
Published: September 2023

Holy Basil is an herb with a high consumption in Thailand domestically and internationally due to its unique odor. A study on the aroma active profile of holy basil would allow for better quality control and food product development. The goal of this study is to identify and compare aroma active compounds in fresh Thai holy basil leaves from 2 varieties (Ocimum tenuiflorum var. Rama and Ocimum tenuiflorum var. Shyama) using sensomics approach. First, olfactory profiling was performed by trained panelists to characterize odor attributes and their intensity. Second, volatile compounds were isolated by solvent extraction, and non-volatile constituents were removed by solvent-assisted flavor evaporation and concentrated using the Vigreux column and microdistillation. Third, extract was injected into the gas chromatography-olfactometry with flame ionization detection (GC-O/FID) to screen for odor quality associated with the retention index (RI). Potential aroma active compounds were determined through aroma extract dilution analysis (AEDA). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) enables compound identification by comparing mass spectra with RI and odor quality from GC-O/FID. From olfactory profiling, red holy basil leaves had stronger overall attributes than white holy basil leaves. Red holy basil leaves have stronger minty, green, pungent, and fatty/waxy attributes than white holy basil leaves but have lower citrus-like attribute. Among the potential aroma active compounds with high FD factors, white holy basil leaves consisted of only eugenol (FD ≥ 4096), whereas red holy basil leaves consisted of both eugenol (FD 2048) and methyl eugenol (FD ≥ 4096). In white holy basil leaves, the unique flowery odor might be contributed from 2-hexanol (FD 512) and α-farnesene (FD 1024). Moreover, the distinct eucalyptus-like odor might potentially come from cis-sabinene hydrate (cis-4-thujanol) (FD 2048). In red holy basil leaves, herbal odor was potentially come from 3 high FD factor compounds, including 1-decen-3-ol (FD 1024), naphthalene (FD 2048), and 1-undecen-3-ol (FD 2048), while only 2 compounds with lower FD factor, including trans-4,5-epoxy-(E)-2-heptenal (FD 512) and caryophyllene oxide (FD 1024), were presented in white holy basil leaves.
Microplastics in mangrove sediments at Maeklong river mouth, Samut Songkhram province
Authors:   , Chaisanguansuk Pattraporn 
Published: September 2023

Microplastics are omnipresent in our environment. Living organisms were affected by microplastic pollution. This study was investigated microplastic in mangrove environments because there are accumulated various substances from land and sea. Moreover, mangrove is an important ecosystem that is a habitat for marine life and benthic organism. Our study area is the Maeklong River mouth, Samut Songkhram Province, Thailand. Surface sediments from 3 stations were collected from the Maeklong River area and 2 core sediments were collected from the Maeklong River mouth and the Queen Sirikit Park. Sediment samples were analyzed by Loss on ignition (LOI) and grain size distribution. Microplastics were digested and observed their characteristics. Surface sediments from the Maeklong River mouth were found microplastic with average 580 ± 87 item per kilogram. The abundance of microplastic at far away site from river mouth was lower amount than at river mouth site. Previous studies in the Klong Khon tidal canal showed that the number of microplastic from the Klong Khon was higher than the Maeklong River. According to the Maeklong River flow are turbulent that affected on sediment also other particle to accumulate. 142 cm core was found microplastic ranging from 0 – 5,200 items per kilogram that concentration was decreasing with more depth. Location and grain size had an influence in the accumulation of microplastic in sediment. The most common microplastics that found in this study were 0.1 – 1.0 mm in size. The fiber was the abundance shape of microplastic. Polyester is the prevalent type of plastic in this study, the result refers to the source that can generate microplastic into environment such as wastewater from washing process and material from fishing.
Oral health service of older adults in long-term care facilities
Authors:   , Barameepipat Puntawee 
Published: September 2023

To assess oral health service in long-term care facilities in Bangkok

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 50 licensed long-term care facilities in Bangkok. Informed consent was obtained from all participants before conducting phone interviews and administering the questionnaire. The questionnaire covered various aspects, including demographics, health services, and oral health services provided within the long-term care facilities.

Results: The study revealed variations in terms of operational years, service capacity, service expense per month, and provision of health services, including oral health services. It was found that the differences in service expenses impacted the provision of denture care for residents within the facility. Furthermore, it was observed that the importance placed on general health services predominated of oral health services, as regular physical health checkups were provided, while oral health checkups were only conducted when specific issues arose. Additionally, it was noted that 76% of the long-term care facilities had an additional service for residents to see a physician, whereas only 34% for visit a dentist.

Conclusions: There are variations in the provision of health services and oral health services among long-term care facilities for the older adults. It is essential to establish regulations or policies as a standard for providing comprehensive health services and oral health care within these facilities. Dentists or dental professionals should play a crucial role in defining guidelines for oral health service for both caregivers and residents within long-term care facilities.
Analysis of fatty acid methyl esters by two-dimensional gas chromatography using cryogen-free modulator
Authors:   , Sacan Adrian 
Published: September 2023

A simple and environmentally friendly method in two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and flame ionization detector has been developed for the analysis of fatty acids in commercial milk products. This applies splitter-based non-cryogenic artificial trapping (SNAT) modulator with unique feature imitating the cryogenic modulation process. The method involves chemical derivatization into fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) with methanolic potassium hydroxide, liquid-liquid phase extraction using hexane, and determination of the FAME composition. The GC×GC approach revealed improved separation of FAME using SNAT modulator with better separated peaks, a ten-fold higher total peak capacity and improved compound identification, compared to 1D GC-MS system. SNAT modulator also showed several areas of FAMEs mapped by longitudinally modulated cryogenic system trapped at 10 0C whereas the gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID) using a cryogenic modulator revealed the absence of separated peaks that were previously seen in the other two GC systems. The method precisions have also been investigated with a known set of standard compounds with relative standard deviation percentages of <10%. The developed approach is considered economical without cryogen consumption.
Lead removal from water by modified activated carbon produced from banana stem
Authors:   , Tampubolon Imelda 
Published: September 2023

Banana stem-activated carbon (BSAC) and modified banana stem-activated carbon, containing sulfur, nitrogen, and oxygen-containing groups derived from banana stem, were prepared and studied for Pb(II) ion removal. The materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-Ray diffraction, surface area analysis, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. SEM images showed that the materials are porous, and XRD confirmed that the structures are amorphous and resemble the graphitic hexagonal structure of carbon materials. Surface areas of these materials ranged from 517.67 m2/g for the bare banana stem activated carbon to 234.03, 453.74, 252.97, and 22.96 m2/g for sulfur, oxygen, sulfur and oxygen and imino-thiobiuret modified activated carbon. For the adsorption, sulfur-containing functional groups banana stem activated carbon (S-BSAC) was used as the adsorbent for lead removal. The optimized condition were 100 mg/L of lead(II) ions, 2 h of contact time, pH at 6, and 0.8 mg of adsorbent dosage. The analysis was done by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy. The removal efficiency was as high as 99.78% for Pb(II) at 100 mg/L and could be used for 3 cycles.
Effect of peptide hydrolysates from riceberry on reducing endoplasmic reticulum stress in cells
Authors:   , Jaroenchuensiri Theeranuch 
Published: September 2023

Oxidative stress, resulting from an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidants, contributes to diseases and induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Antioxidants can mitigate ER stress. We investigated synthetic peptides from riceberry rice hydrolysates against ER stress. Ten peptides were evaluated for toxicity and antioxidant activity in SH-SY5Y and L929 cell lines. Peptides ID 3 to ID 5 ,and ID 10 showed significant antioxidant activity protecting cells from oxidative stress induced by IAA and H2O2. These peptides alleviated ER stress induced by TM, as observed through fluorescence microscopy analysis using ConA dye. Peptides ID 3 to 5 reduced ConA intensity compared to TM-treated cells, indicating their potential in reducing ER stress. Peptide ID 3 and ID 4 exhibited higher Mag-Fluo4 intensity compared to TM group, signifying its role in controlling calcium ion levels and potentially reducing ER stress. Statistical analysis confirmed significant differences (p<0.05). These findings highlight the antioxidant and ER stress-reducing potential of riceberry peptides, particularly ID 3 and 4. Further investigations are needed to understand their mechanisms and therapeutic applications for managing oxidative- and ER stress-related diseases.
Wastewater-based epidemiology and quantitative microbial risk assessment associated with wastewater contact of norovirus in Bangkok, Thailand
Authors:   , Sriporatana Nonnarit 
Published: September 2023

Norovirus is one of the leading causes of acute gastroenteritis worldwide. Wastewater surveillance offer significant benefits such as enhancing our understanding of the disease occurrence in the population, evaluating the effectiveness of pathogen reduction in the treatment process, and tracking the spread of pathogens in the environment which pose a health risk to humans. Hence, wastewater surveillance is crucial. In this study, the influent and effluent samples were collected bi-monthly from March 2020 to March 2021 from three distinct wastewater treatment plants in Bangkok. Wastewater samples were concentrated and subjected to quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) to assess norovirus concentrations. Additionally, microbial indicators, coliform bacteria and coliphage, were evaluated using cell culture methods. Concentration of E. coli and total coliform in the influent and effluent ranged from 4.04 – 5.03 log CFU/mL and 2.64 – 3.76 log CFU/ml, respectively. Concentration of coliphage in the influent and effluent ranged from 1.76 log PFU/ml and 0.42 log PFU/ml, respectively. Average concentrations of norovirus GI and GII were (1.90 and 1.35 log copies/ml) and (0.91 and 0.37 log copies/ml) in the influent and effluent, respectively. Removal efficiency for microbial indicators was 1.26 – 1.40 log CFU, PFU/ml while the removal of norovirus GI and GII were 0.75 and 0.54 log copies/ml. Seasonal variations were observed, with the highest concentrations of microorganisms during the rainy season and the highest norovirus concentration in winter. An epidemiological comparison between norovirus concentrations from wastewater treatment plants and reported norovirus cases showed similar patterns, suggesting that wastewater could serve as a useful tool for detecting infections within a population, particularly when clinical data are limited. Effluent samples were used to determine the Spearman’s correlation between the microbial indicators and both norovirus strains. Our analysis found that these microbial indicators could not represent norovirus due to low correlation (rs < 0.3). Additionally, the effluent was also used to assess the probability of illness with acute gastroenteritis from exposure to wastewater by quantitative microbial risk assessment from fishing activities and small craft boating. Exposure to effluent from the system, the probability of both activities had a median probability of illness below 0.036. Despite the ability of wastewater treatment plants to reduce the number of microorganisms, the treated wastewater still harbored these microorganisms presenting a potential health risk if discharged into public water sources or used in activities. Efficient wastewater treatment systems are recommended to be developed, including disinfection methods, to mitigate the risks from waterborne pathogens.
Effects of fingerroot (boesenbergia rotunda) powder on egg performance, and quality, egg yolk malondialdehyde in laying hens
Authors:   , Nurfarid Miftah 
Published: September 2023

This study aimed to determine the effect of fingerroot powder supplementation on the performance of laying hens, egg quality, and malondialdehyde in the egg yolk. A total of 192 Hy-Line brown laying hens aged 43 weeks were divided into four treatment groups with 48 hens in each group (8 replicates; 6 birds each). The treatments were the control (basal diet), basal diet supplemented with vitamin E at 250 mg/kg, basal diet plus 20 g fingerroot powder/kg, and basal diet plus 40 g fingerroot powder/kg. Performance parameters were analyzed in the following two experimental period: 1 to 3 week and 4 to 6 week of treatment administration. Egg quality was evaluated twice at 3 and 6 weeks after feeding. The malondialdehyde (MDA) was measured in egg yolk at 0, 7, 14, and 21 days after storage at room temperature. No significant differences were observed in egg weight, laying rate, egg mass, feed intake and feed conversion ratio among the groups during the first experimental period. In the last period 4 to 6 week of experiment, dietary inclusion of 20 g fingerroot powder improved egg weight (P < 0.05) compared with control. The performance showed that during 6 weeks of feeding, the group supplemented with 40 g fingerroot powder had a decreased feed intake, but its feed conversion ratio was improved. The low feed intake in this group did not affect the laying rate, egg weight, and egg mass. There was no significant difference in egg quality for all variables except yolk color at 3 weeks of feeding. The yolk color was significantly lower in the feed supplemented with fingerroot powder at 40 g (P < 0.05). The egg quality at 6 weeks of feeding showed that 20 g fingerroot powder group had higher albumen and shell weight (P < 0.05). The experimental diets did not affect MDA levels in fresh or stored eggs. However, MDA level was affected by storage time and increased at 21 days. In this study, vitamin E or fingerroot powder did not show their antioxidant activity on the egg yolk. In conclusion, the addition of fingerroot powder has beneficial effects on egg weight, FCR, albumen and shell weights.
Assessing the contribution of Thailand’s poultry agribusiness towardsmitigating climate change
Authors:   , Phairaksa Tita 
Published: September 2023

This research provides an overview of the Thailand agreement on greenhouse gas emissions, specifically focusing on the meat industry, and examines the roles of the government, private companies, and civil society in Thailand. Research indicates that the meat industry has significant environmental impacts, including greenhouse gas emissions, deforestation, and biodiversity loss.

Livestock for meat consumption has been a major contributor to environmental issues such as climate change, water pollution, and deforestation. Livestock alone contributes a substantial percentage to global climate change. This issue has become a critical transboundary concern affecting not only one specific country or region.

In response to the environmental impacts and the global challenge of climate change, the Thai government signed and committed to the Paris Agreement in 2015, aiming to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Thailand has set a target to decrease greenhouse gas emissions by 20% by 2030, and the Climate Change Master Plan (2015-2050) envisions achieving sustainable low-carbon growth and climate resilience by 2050. However, the country's environmental policy still lacks clarity and a specific focus on greenhouse gas emissions from the meat industry.

Currently, Thai meat industries do not include information about greenhouse gas emissions in their environmental reports, and they tend to overlook environmental issues related to their operations. Moreover, these industries possess significant influence over the media, controlling information about the environmental impact of the meat industry. As a result, civil society has taken a leading role in raising awareness about this issue, rather than relying on the government or industry itself.

In conclusion, my research findings suggest that the Thai government's lack of a robust environmental policy and management approach has contributed to weak regulation of greenhouse gas emissions in the meat industry. There is a need for more comprehensive and concerted efforts from all stakeholders to address this pressing environmental concern effectively.