bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Weed Species Composition in Paddy Field of Usur Town, Bade Local Government, Yobe State, Nigeria
Authors: Bello Mohammed Alhaji , Abba Halima Mohammed , Mohammed Umar 
Published: April 2023

Farmers are eager to know the various types of weeds in paddy fields. This will help in choosing the best weed management practice for effective weed control as well as reducing rice yield losses. The objectives of the study are to identify the weeds species affecting the rice field, to assess the composition of weeds species, to classify the weed species into different families, genera, species, common names, Hausa names, lifecycles, life forms, native/exotic species, propagation and uses, and to determine the dominant weed species. Random vegetation surveys were conducted. Weeds observed were photographed, and prepared as herbarium specimens. Standard key manuals and checklists were utilized for weed identification and later organized using the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG) classification system. A total number of 72 plants species distributed within 16 families and 50 genera were inventoried. The annuals (66.67%) were the dominant weed followed by perennials (33.33%) while biennials were the least. The broad leaves were the dominant weed (44.61%) identified followed by Poaceae (27.7%) and Sedges (11.11%). Results obtained from this study could be useful in choosing the best management practice and in making a decision on the choice of herbicides and directing research towards improved weed control measures.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN CONTEXTUAL TEACHING LEARNING TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS DAN PENGUASAAN KONSEP SISWA
Authors: Nurnadia Nurnadia , Sukarno Sukarno , Syefrinando Boby 
Published: April 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran Contextual Teaching Learning (CTL) terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis dan penguasaan konsep siswa. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah quasi eksperimen dengan desain penelitian one grup pretest-posttest design. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh siswa kelas VII MTs Laboratorium Kota Jambi tahun pelajaran 2022/2023 berjumlah 120 siswa terdiri dari 4 kelas. Teknik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan cluster rundom sampling dan terpilih kelas VIIA dengan jumlah siswa 29. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah soal kemampuan berpikir kritis dan penguasaan konsep. Pengujian hipotesis dilakukan dengan uji t berpasangan. Hasil penelitian diperoleh nilai rata-rata postest kemampuan berpikir kritis sebesar 81,03 dan penguasaan konsep 79,83. Hasil perhitungan N-Gain diperoleh nilai kemampuan berpikir kritis sebesar 0,64 sedangkan nilai penguasaaan konsep sebesar 0,50. Hasil uji-t diperoleh nilai sig 0,000 < 0,05 maka H0 ditolak atau Ha diterima. Hal ini berarti terdapat pengaruh model pembelajaran Contextual Teaching Learning (CTL) terhadap kemampuan berpikir kritis dan penguasaan konsep siswa kelas VII MTs Laboratium Kota Jambi.
Doğrudan Yabancı Yatırımlar ve Ekonomik Büyümenin Tarım Sektörü Üzerine Etkisi: MIST Ülkeleri İçin Panel Veri Analizi
Authors: ERTÜRKMEN Gülferah 
Published: April 2023

Bu çalışmanın amacı doğrudan yabancı yatırımlar ve ekonomik büyümenin tarım sektörü üzerindeki etkisini ortaya koymaktır. Çalışmanın ampirik analizleri MIST ülkeleri olarak nitelendirilen Meksika, Endonezya, Güney Kore ve Türkiye için gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ampirik analizlerde kullanılan veri seti yıllık frekanslı olup 1984-2021 dönemini kapsamaktadır. Değiskenler arasındaki ilişkilerin tahmin edilmesinde; yatay kesit bağımlılığı, heterojen-homojenlik, cadf birim kök, uzun dönem katsayı tahmincisi testleri yapılmıştır.
Elde edilen sonuçlara göre panelin geneli için hem doğrudan yabancı yatırımları temsil eden FDI, hem de ekonomik büyümeyi ifade eden GDP tarımsal katma değeri gösteren AGRI üzerinde sırasıyla %1 ve %5 istatistiksel önem düzeyinde anlamlı etkiye sahip olmasının yanında katsayının negatif olduğu görülmüştür.
Permeability Prediction for Nahr-Umr Reservoir / Subba field by Using FZI Method
Authors: Hamd- Allah Sameera M. , Noor Basim Mohammed , Watten Ahmed Radhe 
Published: April 2023

The permeability determination in the reservoirs that are anisotropic and heterogeneous is a complicated problem due to the limited number of wells that contain core samples and well test data. This paper presents hydraulic flow units and flow zone indicator for predicting permeability of rock mass from core for Nahr-Umr reservoir/ Subba field. The Permeability measurement is better found in the laboratory work on the cored rock that taken from the formation. Nahr-Umr Formation is the main lower cretaceous sandstone reservoir in southern of Iraq. This formation is made up mainly of sandstone. Nahr-Umr formation was deposited on a gradually rising basin floor. The digenesis of Nahr-Umr sediments is very important due to its direct relation to the porosity and permeability.
In this study permeability has been predicated by using the flow zone indicator methods. This method attempts to identify the flow zone indicator in un-cored wells using log records. Once the flow zone indicator is calculated from the core data, a relationship between this FZI value and the well logs can be obtained.
Three relationships have been found for Nahr-Umr reservoir/Subba field by FZI method.
By plotting the permeability of the core versus the permeability that is predicted by FZI method the parameter R2 was found (0.905) which is very good for predict the permeability.
Fire Flame Influence on the Behavior of reinforced Concrete Beams Affected by Repeated Load
Authors: Mohammed Shatha Dheyaa , Fawzi Nada Mahdi 
Published: April 2023

The influence and hazard of fire flame are one of the most important parameters that affecting the durability and strength of structural members. This research studied the influence of fire flame on the behavior of reinforced concrete beams affected by repeated load. Nine self- compacted reinforced concrete beams were castellated, all have the same geometric layout (0.15x0.15x1.00) m, reinforcement details and compressive strength (50 Mpa).
To estimate the effect of fire flame disaster, four temperatures were adopted (200, 300, 400 and 500) oC and two method of cooling were used (graduated and sudden). In the first cooling method, graduated, the tested beams were leaved to cool in air while in the second method, sudden, water splash was used to reduce the temperature. Eight of the tested beams were divided in to four groups, each were burned to one of the adopted temperature for about half an hour and cooled by the adopted cooling methods (one by sudden cooling and the other by graduated cooling). After burning and cooling the beams were tested under the effect of repeated load (loading – unloading) for five cycle and then up to failure.
As a compared with the non- burned beam, the results indicated that the ultimate load capacity of the tested beams were reduced by (16, 23, 54 and 71)% after being burned to (200, 300, 400 and 500) oC , respectively, for a case of sudden cooling and by (8, 14, 36 and 64)% , respectively, for a case of graduated cooling. It was also found that the effect of sudden cooling was greater than that in a case of graduated cooling.
Regarding the failure mode, there was a different between the non-burred beam and the other ones even that all of them had the same geometric layout, compressive strength and reinforcement details. The failure mode for all burned beams was combined shear- flexure failure which was belong to the reduction in the compressive strength of the concrete due to the effect of the temperature rising , while the failure mode of the non-burned beam was flexure failure which was compatible with the preliminary design. It was also detected that the residual deflection proportion directly with the temperature, as the temperature increase to (200, 300, 400 and 500) oC the residual deflection compared with the non-burned beam increased by (32, 48, 326 and 358)% for a case of sudden cooling and by (13, 29, 303 and 332)% for a case of graduated cooling. Another effect was appear represented by the method of cooling, the results showed that the sudden cooling had more effect on the residual deflection than the graduated cooling by (15-6)% approximately. To vanish the residual deflection, numbers of cycle (loading-unloading) were required. It was found that this number increase as the temperature of burning increased and it’s also larger in a case of sudden cooling.
Improvement of Asphalt Concrete Mixtures by Adding Pulverised Fuel Ash as Filler
Authors: Al-Hdabi Abbas Talib , Dakhil Karar Shakir , Qasim Hussain Ameen 
Published: April 2023

Consuming of by-product or waste materials in highway engineering is significant in the construction of new roads and/or in renovations of the existing ones. Pulverised Fuel ash (PFA), which is a by-product material of burning coal in power stations, is one of these materials that might be incorporated instead of mineral filler in hot asphalt mixtures.
Two types of surface course mixtures have been prepared one with conventional mineral filler i.e. ordinary Portland cement (OPC) while the second was with PFA. Several testings have been conducted to indicate the mechanical properties which were Marshall Stability and Indirect Tensile Strength tests. On the other hand, moisture damage and ageing have been evaluated by indicating Index of retained strength (IRS) and Long Term Aging (LTA), respectively.
In accordance to the experimental investigation, the new hot asphalt mixtures i.e. with PFA mineral filler are comparable with conventional mixture and comply with the requirements which are recommended for surface course by the Standard Commission for Roads and Bridges (SCRB) in Iraq.
Undiagnosed and Uncontrolled Hypertension and Access to Health Care among Residents of an Urban Area of Eastern Nepal: a Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Kasaudhan S. M. , Ghimire A. , Sharma S. K. , Baral D. , Jha N. , Singh S. B. 
Published: April 2023

Background The burden and complication of hypertension is increasing as most of the people living with hypertension are unaware of their condition and those who are already diagnosed with it do not have their blood pressure under control.
Objective To assess the prevalence of undiagnosed and uncontrolled hypertension among residents of Itahari sub metropolitan city of eastern Nepal, along with its associated socio demographic and behavioral risk factors and access to health care services.
Method Cross sectional study was conducted in five wards of Itahari, among 1161 participants, using population proportionate to sample size sampling technique. Face to face interview was conducted with participants for data collection applying semi– structured questionnaire and physical measurement like blood pressure, weight and height.
Result Prevalence of hypertension was 26.5% including undiagnosed 11.0% and previously diagnosed 15.5%. Among diagnosed, 76.6% had uncontrolled blood pressure and 56.70% were taking anti-hypertensive medicine, and 7.8% were under Ayurvedic medicine. More than 70% participants preferred private health facility for treatment and 22.7% had faced financial barrier to seek healthcare. About 64% of participants did not visit health services or had visited only once in past six months. Increasing age, Body Mass Index (BMI), smoking status and positive family history were found to be significantly associated with hypertension at < 0.05 level.
Conclusion Prevalence of hypertension is high and awareness regarding available health services in local primary health center and its utilization is lacking among participants. Regular screening program for hypertension and awareness program to disseminate the knowledge of availability of primary health center should be conducted.
Intimate Partner Violence and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes
Authors: Koirala S. 
Published: April 2023

Background Intimate partner violence (IPV) is an abuse or harm that occurs in a close relationship. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that, globally, 35% of women living in industrialized and developed countries have experienced exposure to intimate partner violence and during pregnancy it is associated with low birth weight, preterm birth, and even death of the baby.
Objective To find out proportion of intimate partner violence and adverse pregnancy outcome among postnatal mothers who recently delivered their baby.
Method A cross-sectional study was conducted among 220 postnatal mothers using a structured questionnaire based on 13-item WHO Violence against women instrument in Nepali language. Face-to-face interview technique was used to collect data using consecutive sampling technique at Kathmandu Medical College teaching Hospital. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.
Result In recent pregnancy, 32.7% of women had experienced intimate partner violence at least once, which has been categorized as physical 28.6%, psychological 30.9%, and 22.7% sexual violence. Among them, 36% had low birth weight babies, 24% had preterm, 2.8% had dead baby, and 35% reported abortion in previous pregnancy. In the binary logistic regression, intimate partner violence was significantly associated with preterm baby (OR-1.143, 95% CI- 0.386-3.384, p=0.002), low-birth weight (OR- 0.237, 95% CI- 0.093-0.602, p ≤ 0.001), and abortion (OR-0.021, 95% CI- 0.003-0.175, p ≤ 0.001).
Conclusion One in three women experienced intimate partner violence during their recent pregnancy and is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Programs targeting screening of intimate partner violence against women should therefore be emphasized during reproductive health services such that adverse pregnancy outcomes can be prevented.
Utilization of Cervical Cancer Screening and Associated Factors among Women in Bhaktapur, Nepal
Authors: Nepal J. , Poudyal A. K. , Duwal S. , Gyawali S. , Basel P. 
Published: April 2023

Background Cervical cancer is the most common cancer among women in Nepal causing highest cancer mortality among women of reproductive age. However, it can be prevented through early and regular screening.
Objective To assess utilization of cervical cancer screening, its awareness and perception among women, and associated factors.
Method A cross-sectional study was conducted where 360 women of age 30-60 years were randomly selected and interviewed from five administrative wards of Bhaktapur municipality.
Result Utilization of cervical cancer screening through Pap test or Visual Inspection with Acetic acid was found in 32.2% women and 47.8% were aware of cervical cancer and its screening tests. 100% of them had high level of perceived benefits and facilitators. More than 80% of them had low level of perceived barriers and susceptibility. Women of age group 51-60 years were more likely to perform the screening test (AOR=13.14) whereas unemployed women were at higher odds of performing the test (AOR=3.29). Women who were aware of cervical cancer and its screening were more likely to perform the screening (AOR=53.65). Women having low level of perceived barriers (AOR=5.83) and high level of perceived seriousness (AOR=6.67) were more likely to perform the screening.
Conclusion Only one third of women had performed Pap test/VIA and those who were aware of cervical cancer and had high level of perception were more likely to perform the screening. Thus, more rigorous and tailor-made awareness programs should be developed by health program planners to increase the screening rate among younger and working women.
Perancangan Sendok Makan Parkinson dengan Metode PID berbasis Arduino
Authors: Onasie Newton , Sulaiman Susan 
Published: April 2023

Parkinson's disease is a progressive disorder of the nervous system that affects the part of the brain that coordinates body movement. Tremors that often occur in the patient's hands can cause difficulty while eating. One method that can be used as assistive devices for Parkinson's sufferers is to make a spoon that can remain relatively stable. In this study, Parkinson's spoon is made equipped with an MPU6050 sensor which is used to read the rotational movement of the spoon. The read value will be forwarded to the Arduino Nano microcontroller and then calculated using the complementary filter method and the PID (Proportional Integral Derivative). Tuning on the values of Kp, Ki, and Kd in this research was done by trial and error method. In this research, the most optimal PID constant values were obtained, namely Kp = 0.7, Ki = 0.5, and Kd = 20 both on the pitch axis and roll axis. The results of the PID calculation will drive the SG90 servo motor to stabilize the spoon. Testing the percentage error of the MPU6050 sensor was carried out with 6 trials of different angles on the pitch and roll axes. The average error percentage on the pitch axis was 3.23%. and 2.583% on the roll axis. Based on testing the stability of the system against movement, spoon of Parkinson's can stabilize fairly quickly if it is moved slowly despite the initial overshoot, which the highest peak was -21,49 degrees on the pitch axis and -14,89 degrees on the roll axis. However, if the hands vibrate violently, in general the spoon still oscillates between -10 degrees and 10 degrees both on the pitch and roll axis.
Keywords: Parkinson, MPU6050 Sensor, PID Controller
Analysis of the influence of heterogeneous expectations of economic agents on the stability of general equilibrium models with an open economy
Authors: Serkov Leonid 
Published: April 2023

The purpose of the publication is to study the influence of bounded rationality of agents on the ability of economic authorities to choose alternative policy rules that stabilize the dynamics of the relevant significant macroeconomic variables by simultaneously analyzing the entire range of model parameters. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that models with an open economy are analyzed, in which economic agents interact with the outside world. The article evaluates and compares behavioral neo-Keynesian models obtained with two alternative ways of introducing heterogeneous expectations. It is assumed that agents can be either short-sighted with a short-term forecast, or far-sighted forecasters. The difference does not matter when the agents have rational expectations, but it does matter when some of them form beliefs about the future according to some heuristics. Bayesian estimates based on the data of the Russian economy show that the behavioral model based on short-term forecasts is better in agreement with empirical data than the model based on long-term forecasts and even compared to the model with rational expectations of agents. Stability and stability analysis was carried out using a numerical procedure — Monte Carlo Filtration Mapping (MCF). This procedure generalizes and supplements the results obtained for a more limited set of parameters of low-dimensional models in which agents do not interact with the outside world. MCF-analysis shows that incorporating heterogeneous expectations reduces the stability and robustness of models. At the same time, a model based on predictors of long-term forecasting is less stable compared to models of short-term forecasting and with rational expectations of agents. An important result is a significant proportion of areas with unstable behavior of the studied models with heterogeneous expectations of agents, in which solutions are characterized by an explosive nature. With the help of Smirnov–Kolmogorov statistics, significant parameters were identified that determine the deterministic behavior of all analyzed models. An interesting result is: the response of the interest rate to changes in the output gap and changes in the real effective exchange rate does not affect the deterministic behavior of the models under study. All obtained results are confirmed by a posteriori Bayesian estimates for these parameters. The findings provide guidance to economists who study the processes of expectation formation with the help of microdata.
Implementasi Problem Based Learning Untuk Meningkatkan Karakter Toleransi Melalui Pendidikan Multikultural
Authors: Kurnia Ira Restu , Mukhlis Septian 
Published: April 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan karater toleransi pada siswa guna terciptanya lingkungan yang kondusif baik secara fisik maupun psikis. Permasalahan siswa ini muncul dalam keseharian siswa baik selama pembelajaran berlangsung atau diluar kegiatan pembelajaran. Peningkatan karakter toleransi siswa dapat ditingkatkan melalui sebuah penerapan model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning yang dipersiapkan dengan dengan baik mulai dari tahap perencaan, pelaksanaan dan evaluasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Penelitian Tindakan Kelas atau PTK dengan menggunakan desain Kemis Tagart. Adapun subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas V SDN Cililitan 02. Intrumen yang digunakan adalah lembar observasi. Setiap pembelajaran berlangsung guru melakukan observasi dengan cara menceklis indikator karakter toleransi yang dimunculkan oleh siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa karakter toleransi meningkat dan mencapai terget penelitian selama 2 siklus. Pada siklus I peningkatan menunjukan angkat sebesar 81%,sedangkan pada siklus II mencapai angka 92%. SDengan begitu tujuan dari penelitian ini tercapai edengan meningkatnya karakter nilai toleransi siswa melalui impelemntasi model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning melalui pendidikan multikultural.
Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Sejarah Lokal Kalimantan Barat Berbasis E-Modul
Authors: Chalimi Ika Rahmatika 
Published: April 2023

Based on the results of the needs analysis, the learning conditions of local history are still not optimal. The teacher still focus on learning general history and has not been maximized in teaching local history material limited spesific learning resources. Problems of a local history learning can be solved through the development of e-module-based teaching materials designed to facilitate students to learn independently. This development research was created in an effort to assist teachers in teaching local history through e-module-based teaching materials with the application Adobe Flash CS version 6. The e-module-based teaching material design consists of a title page, table of contents, basic competency information, introduction to e-modules, scope, learning objectives, learning materials, evaluations and bibliography. The initial validation test of local history e-module products is carried out with media experts and local history material experts. After the expert validation test it was stated to be advanced, then a small-scale and large-scale feasibility test was carried out at the SMAN 6 Pontianak. The evaluation of local history teaching materials based on e-modules can be said to be feasible but there are a number of things that must be revised to be products that can be implemented in the classroom.
Keywords: development, e-module-based teaching materials, local history.
Berdasarkan hasil analisis kebutuhan, kondisi pembelajaran sejarah lokal masih belum optimal. Guru masih berfokus pada pembelajaran sejarah secara umum dan belum maksimal dalam mengajarkan materi sejarah lokal dengan keterbatasan sumber belajar yang spesifik. Permasalahan pembelajaran sejarah lokal tersebut dapat diatasi melalui pengembangan bahan ajar berbasis e-modul yang dirancang untuk memfasilitasi siswa belajar secara mandiri. Penelitian pengembangan ini dibuat sebagai upaya untuk membantu guru dalam mengajarkan sejarah lokal melalui bahan ajar berbasis e-modul dengan aplikasi Adobe Flash CS versi 6. Desain bahan ajar berbasis e-modul terdiri dari halaman judul, daftar isi, informasi kompetensi dasar, pengantar e-modul, ruang lingkup, tujuan pembelajaran, materi pembelajaran, evaluasi dan daftar pustaka. Uji validasi awal produk e-modul sejarah lokal dilakukan dengan ahli media dan ahli materi sejarah lokal. Setelah uji validasi ahli dinyatakan layak untuk dilanjutkan, kemudian dilakukan uji kelayakan skala kecil dan skala besar di SMAN 6 Pontianak. Hasil evaluasi bahan ajar sejarah lokal berbasis e-modul dapat dikatakan layak namun ada beberapa hal yang harus direvisi untuk menjadi produk yang dapat diimplementasikan di kelas.
Kata kunci: pengembangan, bahan ajar berbasis e-modul, sejarah lokal.