bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Routine imaging guided by a 31-gene expression profile assay results in earlier detection of melanoma with decreased metastatic tumor burden compared to patients without surveillance imaging studies
Authors: Dhillon Soneet , Duarte-Bateman Daniela , Fowler Graham , Hagstrom Michael Norman Eun , Lampley Nathaniel , Olivares Shantel , Fumero-Velázquez Mónica Stella , Vu Kathryn , Wayne Jeffrey D. , Gastman Brian R. , Vetto John , Gerami Pedram 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPatients with early-stage disease typically have a good prognosis, but still have a risk of recurrence, even with negative sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB). This study explores the utility of routine imaging to detect metastases in patients with negative SLNB but high-risk 31 gene expression profile (31-GEP) scores. We retrospectively identified melanoma patients with negative SLNBs. Patients with high-risk GEP results were placed in the experimental group and patients without GEP testing were placed in the control group. Among both cohorts, recurrent melanoma groups were identified. The tumor burden at the time of recurrence and the time to recurrence were compared between experimental group patients with routine imaging and control group patients without imaging schedules. We identified 327 control patients and 307 experimental patients, of which 14.1% versus 20.5% had melanoma recurrence, respectively. Of the patients with recurrent melanoma, those in the experimental group were older (65.75 versus 59.20), had higher Breslow depths (3.72 mm versus 3.31 mm), and had advanced tumor staging (89.5% versus 71.4% of patients presenting clinical stage ≥ II) compared to the control group at primary diagnosis. However, melanoma recurrence was detected earlier (25.50 months versus 35.35 months) in the experimental group at a lower overall tumor burden (73.10 mm versus 27.60 mm). A higher percentage of experimental patients started immunotherapy when offered (76.3% and 67.9%). Patients who received routine imaging after high-risk GEP test scores had an earlier recurrence diagnosis with lower tumor burden, leading to better clinical outcomes.
A rabbit model for outer retinal atrophy caused by surgical RPE removal
Authors: Al-Nawaiseh Sami , Krötz Christina , Rickmann Annekatrin , Strack Claudine , Germann Anja , von Briesen Hagen , Szurman Peter , Schulz André , Stanzel Boris V. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
We aimed to establish a rabbit model with retinal atrophy induced by an iatrogenic retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) removal, for future testing of the efficacy and safety of cell therapy strategies.

Methods
A localized detachment of the retina from the RPE/choroid layer was created in 18 pigmented rabbits. The RPE was removed by scraping with a custom-made extendable loop instrument. The resulting RPE wound was observed over a time course of 12 weeks with optical coherence tomography and angiography. After 4 days (group 1) and 12 weeks (group 2), histology was done and staining with hematoxylin and eosin, as well as immunofluorescence performed to further investigate the effects of debridement on the RPE and the overlying retina.

Results
Already after 4 days, we observed a closure of the RPE wound by proliferating RPE and microglia/macrophage cells forming a multilayered clump. This pattern continued over the observation time course of 12 weeks, whereby the inner and outer nuclear layer of the retina became atrophic. No neovascularization was observed in the angiograms or histology. The observed changes were limited to the site of the former RPE wound.

Conclusions
Localized surgical RPE removal induced an adjacent progressive retinal atrophy. Altering the natural course of this model may serve as a basis to test RPE cell therapeutics.
Population synchrony indicates functional connectivity in a threatened sedentary butterfly
Authors: Blomfield Alex , Menéndez Rosa , Wilby Andrew 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDispersal is a key influence on species’ persistence, particularly in the context of habitat fragmentation and environmental change. Previously, residual population synchrony has been demonstrated to be an effective proxy for dispersal in mobile butterflies (Powney et al. 2012). Here, we highlight the utility and limitations of population synchrony as an indicator of functional connectivity and persistence, at a range of spatial scales, in a specialist, sedentary butterfly. While at the local scale, population synchrony is likely indicative of dispersal in the pearl-bordered fritillary, Boloria euphrosyne, over larger scales, habitat is likely to influence population dynamics. Although declines in local-scale synchrony conformed to typical movement in this species, synchrony showed no significant trend with distance when studied at larger (between-site) scales. By focusing on specific site comparisons, we draw the conclusion that heterogeneity in habitat successional stage drives asynchrony between sites at larger distances and is, therefore, likely to be a more important driver of population dynamics over large distances than dispersal. Within-site assessments of synchrony highlight differences in dispersal based on habitat type, with movement shown to be most inhibited between transect sections with contrasting habitat permeability. While synchrony has implications for metapopulation stability and extinction risk, no significant difference was found in average site synchrony between sites that had gone extinct during the study period and those remaining occupied. We demonstrate that population synchrony may be used to assess local-scale movement between sedentary populations, as well as to understand barriers to dispersal and guide conservation management.
Tracking and evaluating motion skills in laparoscopy with inertial sensors
Authors: Heiliger Christian , Andrade Dorian , Geister Christian , Winkler Alexander , Ahmed Khaled , Deodati Alessandra , Treuenstätt Viktor H. Ehrlich v. , Werner Jens , Eursch Andreas , Karcz Konrad , Frank Alexander 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Analysis of surgical instrument motion is applicable in surgical skill assessment and monitoring of the learning progress in laparoscopy. Current commercial instrument tracking technology (optical or electromagnetic) has specific limitations and is expensive. Therefore, in this study, we apply inexpensive, off-the-shelf inertial sensors to track laparoscopic instruments in a training scenario.

Methods
We calibrated two laparoscopic instruments to the inertial sensor and investigated its accuracy on a 3D-printed phantom. In a user study during a one-week laparoscopy training course with medical students and physicians, we then documented and compared the training effect in laparoscopic tasks on a commercially available laparoscopy trainer (Laparo Analytic, Laparo Medical Simulators, Wilcza, Poland) and the newly developed tracking setup.

Results
Eighteen participants (twelve medical students and six physicians) participated in the study. The student subgroup showed significantly poorer results for the count of swings (CS) and count of rotations (CR) at the beginning of the training compared to the physician subgroup (p = 0.012 and p = 0.042). After training, the student subgroup showed significant improvements in the rotatory angle sum, CS, and CR (p = 0.025, p = 0.004 and p = 0.024). After training, there were no significant differences between medical students and physicians. There was a strong correlation between the measured learning success (LS) from the data of our inertial measurement unit system (LSIMU) and the Laparo Analytic (LSLap) (Pearson’s r = 0.79).

Conclusion
In the current study, we observed a good and valid performance of inertial measurement units as a possible tool for instrument tracking and surgical skill assessment. Moreover, we conclude that the sensor can meaningfully examine the learning progress of medical students in an ex-vivo setting.
Hiatus hernia repair with a new-generation biosynthetic mesh: a 4-year single-center experience
Authors: Ukegjini Kristjan , Vetter Diana , Dirr Valerian , Gutschow Christian A. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Mesh augmentation is a highly controversial adjunct of hiatus hernia (HH) surgery. The current scientific evidence remains unclear and even experts disagree on indications and surgical techniques. With an aim to avoid the downsides of both non-resorbable synthetic and biological materials, biosynthetic long-term resorbable meshes (BSM) have recently been developed and are becoming increasingly popular. In this context, we aimed at assessing outcomes after HH repair with this new generation of mesh at our institution.

Methods
From a prospective database, we identified all consecutive patients that underwent HH repair with BSM augmentation. Data was extracted from electronic patient charts of our hospital information system. Endpoints of this analysis included perioperative morbidity, functional results and recurrence rates at follow-up.

Results
Between December 2017 and July 2022, 97 patients (elective primary cases n = 76, redo cases n = 13, emergency cases n = 8) underwent HH with BSM augmentation. Indications in elective and emergency cases were paraesophageal (Type II–IV) HH in 83%, and large Type I HH in 4%. There was no perioperative mortality, and overall (Clavien–Dindo ≥ 2) and severe (Clavien–Dindo ≥ 3b) postoperative morbidity was 15% and 3%, respectively. An outcome without postoperative complications was achieved in 85% of cases (elective primary surgery 88%, redo cases 100%, emergencies cases 25%). After a median (IQR) postoperative follow-up of 12 months, 69 patients (74%) were asymptomatic, 15 (16%) reported improvement, and 9 (10%) had clinical failure, of which 2 patients (2%) required revisional surgery.

Conclusion
Our data suggest that HH repair with BSM augmentation is feasible and safe with low perioperative morbidity and acceptable postoperative failure rates at early to mid-term follow-up. BSM may be a useful alternative to non-resorbable materials in HH surgery.
Ethische Fragen digitaler Pflegeplanung und Pflegedokumentation
Authors: Bobbert Monika , Rabe Marianne 
Published: March 2023

ZusammenfassungDigitale Programme unterstützen mittlerweile sowohl die Erhebung des Pflegebedarfs und die Pflegeplanung als auch die Dokumentation der geleisteten Pflege. Neben Verbesserungen ergeben sich jedoch auch Spannungen zwischen der Verrichtungsorientierung und Standardisierung der digitalen Systeme und dem Fürsorgeethos der Pflege. Daher sind digitale Systeme sowohl aus pflegefachlicher als auch aus pflegeethischer Sicht zu beleuchten, um Chancen und Risiken aufzuzeigen.Pflegeverständnis und Pflegeziele werden in digitalen Programmen nicht explizit gemacht. Bedingt durch die mangelnde Transparenz können sich professionell Pflegende mit gegebenenfalls anderen Pflegeverständnissen nicht dazu verhalten und von den Gepflegten auch keine angemessene Zustimmung zu Pflegemaßnahmen und -zielen einholen. Die Analyse einiger gängiger Programme zeigt, dass digitale Systeme zur somatischen Verkürzung der Pflege tendieren. So werden derzeit Ziele und Maßnahmen zur Kommunikation, Beziehungsgestaltung und Begleitung in Phasen von Krankheit und Sterben kaum abgebildet.In der Einführung digitaler Systeme liegt im Grunde die Chance eines Neubeginns, da sie durch digitale Normierungen zu stärkerer Patientenorientierung und Partizipation beitragen könnten. Es sollte zugleich jedoch die Partizipation der Betroffenen gewährleistet und die Transparenz und Veränderbarkeit der Systeme gewährleistet sein.
No role for electroencephalogram in the initial work-up of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Barnbrock Anke , Lüsebrink Natalia , Schubert-Bast Susanne , Bochennek Konrad , Lehrnbecher Thomas 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to verify whether there is a prognostic benefit of electroencephalogram (EEG) performed during initial work-up of children with newly diagnosed acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).

Methods
In this retrospective monocenter study, we analyzed the value of electroencephalogram (EEG) performed during initial work-up of children with newly diagnosed acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). All pediatric patients were included in this study who were diagnosed with de novo ALL in our institution between January 1, 2005, and December 31, 2018, and in whom an EEG was performed for initial work-up within 30 days of diagnosis of ALL. EEG findings were associated with the occurrence and the etiology of neurologic complications occurring during intensive chemotherapy.

Results
Out of 242 children, EEG revealed pathological findings in 6 patients. Two of them developed a seizure at a later time point due to adverse effects of chemotherapy, whereas 4 children had an uneventful clinical course. In contrast, 18 patients with normal initial EEG findings developed seizures during therapy for different reasons.

Conclusion
We conclude that routine EEG does not predict seizure susceptibility in children with newly diagnosed ALL and is unnecessary in the initial work-up as EEG investigation in young and often sick children requires sleep deprivation and/or sedation, and our data demonstrate no benefit in predicting neurological complications.
An arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus alters soil water retention and hydraulic conductivity in a soil texture specific way
Authors: Pauwels Richard , Graefe Jan , Bitterlich Michael 
Published: March 2023

AbstractArbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) alter plant water relations and contribute to soil structure. Although soil hydraulic properties depend on soil structure and may limit plant water uptake, little is known about how AMF influence soil water retention (the relation between the soil water content and soil water potential) and hydraulic conductivity in different soils. Instead, these soil hydraulic properties often are considered to be independent of AMF presence in experiments. We asked if this assumption holds true for both sand and loam. We grew maize plants either inoculated with Rhizophagus irregularis or with autoclaved inoculum in pots filled with quartz sand or loam soil until extraradical spread of the fungus throughout the pots was achieved. Each pot contained a hyphal compartment made of a soil sampling core (250 cm3) covered with a 20-µm nylon mesh to encourage fungus ingrowth but to exclude root ingrowth. We measured soil water retention and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity in these undisturbed root-free soil volumes. We observed that in loam harboring the mycorrhizal fungus, the soil water retention decreased, while in sand, it increased without detectable changes in the soil bulk density. The effects of the fungus on the soil water potential were strongest at low soil water contents in both soils. As a consequence of the altered water potentials in soils with the mycorrhizal fungus, soil hydraulic conductivity increased in loam but decreased in sand after fungus ingrowth. We conclude that in our study, the mycorrhizal fungus acted as a soil conditioner even distant from roots, which encouraged drainage in loams prone to sogginess but enhanced water storage in sands prone to quick desiccation. We recommend considering soil hydraulic properties as being dynamic in future studies on water relations of mycorrhizal plants.
Influence of different surgical techniques on primary implant stability in the posterior maxilla: a randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Olmedo-Gaya Maria-Victoria , Romero-Olid María-Nuria , Ocaña-Peinado Francisco M. , Vallecillo-Rivas Marta , Vallecillo Cristina , Reyes-Botella Candela 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background and objective
Primary stability (PS) is remarkable for secondary stability and implant success. Surgical technique modifications seem to improve primary stability, especially in poor quality bone. The aim of this study was to compare the insertion torque (IT) and implant stability quotients (ISQ) of implants placed with underpreparation, expanders, and standard surgical instrumentation in different bone types.

Material and methods
This randomized controlled clinical trial enrolled 108 patients (n=108 implants) distributed in three study groups: group 1 (n=36) underpreparation technique, group 2 (n=36) expander technique, and group 3 (n=36) conventional drilling. IT was recorded with a torque indicator. ISQ was recorded with resonance frequency analysis immediately after surgery.

Results
ISQ values were associated with the patient’s bone quality and were higher in bone quality type II (76.65) and type III (73.60) and lower in bone quality type IV (67.34), with statistically significant differences (p<0.0001). Lower stability results were obtained when conventional drilling (69.31) was used compared to the use of underpreparation (74.29) or expanders (73.99) with a level of significance of p=0.008 and p=0.005, respectively.

Conclusions
The surgical technique influences the PS when there is low-quality bone. In low-quality bones, conventional drilling obtains lower ISQ values.

Clinical relevance
Replace the conventional drilling technique for an alternative, underpreparation or expanders, in low-quality bone in order to achieve greater primary stability.
Roles of PTH and FGF23 in kidney failure: a focus on nonclassical effects
Authors: Komaba Hirotaka 
Published: March 2023

AbstractParathyroid hormone (PTH) and fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) each play a central role in the pathogenesis of chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD). Both hormones increase as kidney function declines, presumably as a response to maintain normal phosphate balance, but when patients reach kidney failure, PTH and FGF23 fail to exert their phosphaturic effects, leading to hyperphosphatemia and further elevations in PTH and FGF23. In patients with kidney failure, the major target organ for PTH is the bone, but elevated PTH is also associated with mortality presumably through skeletal and nonskeletal mechanisms. Indeed, accumulated evidence suggests improved survival with PTH-lowering therapies, and a more recent study comparing parathyroidectomy and calcimimetic treatment further suggests a notion of “the lower, the better” for PTH control. Emerging data suggest that the link between SHPT and mortality could in part be explained by the action of PTH to induce adipose tissue browning and wasting. In the absence of a functioning kidney, the classical target organ for FGF23 is the parathyroid gland, but FGF23 loses its hormonal effect to suppress PTH secretion owing to the depressed expression of parathyroid Klotho. In this setting, experimental data suggest that FGF23 exerts adverse nontarget effects, but it remains to be confirmed whether FGF23 directly contributes to multiple organ injury in patients with kidney failure and whether targeting FGF23 can improve patient outcomes. Further efforts should be made to determine whether intensive control of SHPT improves clinical outcomes and whether nephrologists should aim at controlling FGF23 levels just as with PTH levels.
Stuck in Limbo: how sensemaking discrepancy over strategy-related performance leads to disjointed collaboration in an international joint venture
Authors: Zhao Xiaoli , Stiles David R. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA major issue in international business is why many International Joint Ventures (IJVs) fail to live up to partners’ expectations. Research into why IJVs underperform centres on differences between partners’ equity, resources, technical knowledge and cultural values, but seldom internal sensemaking conflicts. We address this research gap: specifically, the sense managers make of their own and their partner managers’ perceived performance in relation to strategy practices, and the effects of sensemaking upon collaboration. Some IJV studies examine outright organizational failure, but we focus on a common situation where partner firms’ expectations about each other’s performance are not met. Our case is a major Sino-New Zealand dairy IJV in a Limbo-like state of severe sensemaking discrepancy. Here, managers struggled to perform strategy effectively in a context of mutual misunderstanding and profound miscommunication, rooted in sensemaking differences. Using a strategy practice lens, we explore how this sensemaking discrepancy arose over organizational identity, learning and experience, strategizing, communication and trust. This eroded meaningful cooperation over strategy, leading to disjointed collaboration: a new concept capturing a state of compromised engagement, where the IJV continued operationally, but collaboration became increasingly difficult. We provide a theoretical framework to help understand sensemaking discrepancy in IJVs, based on a reconceptualization of sensemaking discrepancy in terms of own and others’ expected and perceived performance. We also offer essential practice-based insights into cognitive barriers to strategy collaboration.
Combining Image Space and q-Space PDEs for Lossless Compression of Diffusion MR Images
Authors: Jumakulyyev Ikram , Schultz Thomas 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDiffusion MRI is a modern neuroimaging modality with a unique ability to acquire microstructural information by measuring water self-diffusion at the voxel level. However, it generates huge amounts of data, resulting from a large number of repeated 3D scans. Each volume samples a location in q-space, indicating the direction and strength of a diffusion sensitizing gradient during the measurement. This captures detailed information about the self-diffusion and the tissue microstructure that restricts it. Lossless compression with GZIP is widely used to reduce the memory requirements. We introduce a novel lossless codec for diffusion MRI data. It reduces file sizes by more than 30% compared to GZIP and also beats lossless codecs from the JPEG family. Our codec builds on recent work on lossless PDE-based compression of 3D medical images, but additionally exploits smoothness in q-space. We demonstrate that, compared to using only image space PDEs, q-space PDEs further improve compression rates. Moreover, implementing them with finite element methods and a custom acceleration significantly reduces computational expense. Finally, we show that our codec clearly benefits from integrating subject motion correction and slightly from optimizing the order in which the 3D volumes are coded.
Electrochemical investigation of Ag mixed Cd–Cu nanoferrite mixed reduced graphene oxide as improved platform for supercapacitor application
Authors: El Shater Reda E. , El-Desoky Hanaa S. , Meaz Talaat M. , Kumar Rajesh , Abdel-Galeil Mohamed M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAg mixed Cd–Cu nanoferrite (Cd0.5Cu0.25Ag0.25Fe2O4; Ag-CCF) has been successfully prepared by co-precipitation method. The grain size of Ag mixed Cd–Cu ferrite was 10 nm estimated by HRTEM; while the specific surface area was measured by BET was 161 m2/g. The XRD measurement shows a good crystallization ferrite phase and FT-IR spectrum represents two characterized bands of spinel ferrite 428 cm−1 and 596 cm−1. The three broad peaks of Raman spectrum 276 cm−1, 386 cm−1 and 643 cm−1 are characterized of spinel phase. The VSM measurement has represented superparamagnetism with saturation magnetization 30 emu/g, remnant magnetization 1 emu/g and coercive field 38G. The Ag-CCF/rGO (reduced grapheme oxide) composite used for electrode in supercapacitor deliver specific capacitance of 306 F/g at scan rate 5 mV/s. Nyquist plot represented that charge transfer resistance of the Cd–CuFe2O4/rGO composites (82.3 Ω) was much smaller than that of the pristine Cd-CuFe2O4 (591 Ω). This can be ascribed to the introduction of conductive graphene improved the electrical conductivity of the composites, leading to the better rate capability and higher specific capacitance in comparison with the pristine Cd–CuFe2O4.