bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of P450 enzymes in malaria and other vector‐borne infectious diseases
Authors: Skorokhod Oleksii , Vostokova Ekaterina , Gilardi Gianfranco 
Published: August 2023

AbstractVector‐borne infectious diseases are still an important global health problem. Malaria is the most important among them, mainly pediatric, life‐threatening disease. Malaria and other vector‐borne disorders caused by parasites, bacteria, and viruses have a strong impact on public health and significant economic costs. Most vector‐borne diseases could be prevented by vector control, with attention to the ecological and biodiversity conservation aspects. Chemical control with pesticides and insecticides is widely used as a measure of prevention although increasing resistance to insecticides is a serious issue in vector control. Metabolic resistance is the most common mechanism and poses a big challenge. Insect enzyme systems, including monooxygenase CYP P450 enzymes, are employed by vectors mainly to metabolize insecticides thus causing resistance. The discovery and application of natural specific inhibitors/blockers of vector P450 enzymes as synergists for commonly used pesticides will contribute to the “greening” of insecticides. Besides vector CYPs, host CYP enzymes could also be exploited to fight against vector‐borne diseases: using mostly their detoxifying properties and involvement in the immune response. Here, we review published research data on P450 enzymes from all players in vector‐borne infections, that is, pathogens, vectors, and hosts, regarding the potential role of CYPs in disease. We discuss strategies on how to exploit cytochromes P450 in vector‐borne disease control.
The effect of chronic lithium treatment on hippocampal progenitor cells: Transcriptomic analysis and systems pharmacology
Authors: Jahandideh Mina , Ebrahimi Erfan , Farzaei Mohammad Hosein , Barzegari Ebrahim 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo identify the genomics underpinning the increased volume of the hippocampus after long‐term administration of lithium (Li) in bipolar disorder patients, hypothesizing the possible contribution of cell growth and differentiation pathways to this complication.MethodsRNA‐seq profiles of four samples of hippocampal progenitor cells chronically treated with a high dose of Li and three samples chronically treated with the therapeutic dose were retrieved from NCBI‐GEO. The raw data underwent filtration, quality control, expression fold change, adjusted significance, functional enrichment, and pharmacogenomic analyses.ResultsCCND1, LOXL2, and PRNP were identified as the genes involved in the drug response and the chronic effects of Li in the hippocampal cells. GSK‐3β was also a hub in the pharmacogenomic network of Li. In addition, ZMPSTE24 and DHX35 were identified as the important genes in lithium therapy.ConclusionsAs shown by gene ontology results, these findings conclude that lithium may increase the size of the hippocampus in bipolar patients by stimulating the generation of new neurons and promoting their differentiation into neuroblasts, neurons, or microglia.
Robust control design on Scilab: Hybrid remotely operated vehicle
Authors: Roque‐Quispe Alejandra C. , Alvarez‐Quispe Andres B. J. , Yanyachi Pablo R. , Yanyachi Daniel , Cutipa‐Luque Juan C. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe goal of this work is to demonstrate the advanced features of Scilab/Xcos software in the process of designing robust controllers and to validate them numerically by a multivariable system with high coupled dynamics; it is a hybrid remotely operated vehicle (HROV). The methodology presents five steps which are the nonlinear model representation, the model linearization, the building of augmented plants, the synthesis of robust controllers through the optimization algorithms, and the plotting of the results. Linear models can be obtained straightforwardly at many operation points. The robust controllers are synthesized using the mixed sensitivity approach and tested in Scilab script and in the Xcos block diagram interface. The surge and yaw rate vehicle dynamics are controlled by a centralized controller; obtaining a good settling time, of less than 14 s, without overshooting and mitigating the coupling dynamics. Moreover, the good shaping in sensitivity and complementary sensitivity indicates robustness in performance and stability for the HROV. The proposed methodology includes time and frequency domain analysis, among other advanced features, to overcome the need for commercial software.
Bacterial J‐Domains with C‐Terminal Tags Contact the Substrate Binding Domain of DnaK and Sequester Chaperone Activity
Authors: Nelson Brock , Soper Nathan , Lupoli Tania J. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFunctional interactions between the molecular chaperone DnaK and cofactor J‐proteins (DnaJs), as well as their homologs, are crucial to the maintenance of proteostasis across cell types. In the bacterial pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis, DnaK–DnaJ interactions are essential for cell growth and represent potential targets for antibiotic or adjuvant development. While the N‐terminal J‐domains of J‐proteins are known to form important contacts with DnaK, C‐terminal domains have varied roles. Here, we have studied the effect of adding C‐terminal tags to N‐terminal J‐domain truncations of mycobacterial DnaJ1 and DnaJ2 to promote additional interactions with DnaK. We found that His6 tags uniquely promote binding to additional sites in the substrate binding domain at the C‐terminus of DnaK. Other C‐terminal tags attached to J‐domains, even peptides known to interact with DnaK, do not produce the same effects. Expression of C‐terminally modified DnaJ1 or DnaJ2 J‐domains in mycobacterial cells suppresses chaperone activity following proteotoxic stress, which is exaggerated in the presence of a small‐molecule DnaK inhibitor. Hence, this work uncovers genetically encodable J‐protein variants that may be used to study chaperone–cofactor interactions in other organisms.
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in an HIV patient: A case report and literature review
Authors: Lei Ting , Deng Ai , Li Lianchi , Wang Ming , Wu Dongbo , Zhou Taoyou 
Published: August 2023

Key Clinical MessageProgressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a rare opportunistic infection of the brain caused by reactivation of the JC virus, which can lead to a lytic infection of oligodendrocytes. We report a patient with HIV who developed PML.AbstractProgressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a rare opportunistic infection of the brain caused by reactivation of the John Cunningham virus (JCV), which can lead to a lytic infection of oligodendrocytes. Herein, we report the case of a patient with HIV who developed PML that presented as a progressive disturbance of consciousness and movement. The patient's clinical symptoms progressively deteriorated, and positive JC viral DNA in his cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) helped us diagnose him with PML. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed multiple asymmetric subcortical and deep white‐matter lesions. Although we administered immunoreconstructive therapy, the patient's condition gradually worsened. Therefore, we suggest that PML should be considered if such lesions are found in MRIs of HIV patients.
Redox Activity of IrIII Complexes with Multidentate Ligands Based on Dipyrido‐Annulated N‐Heterocyclic Carbenes: Access to High Valent and High Spin State with Carbon Donors
Authors: Nakanishi Kazuki , Lugo‐Fuentes Leonardo I. , Manabe Jun , Guo Ronghao , Kikkawa Soichi , Yamazoe Seiji , Komaguchi Kenji , Kume Shoko , Szczepanik Dariusz W. , Solà Miquel , Jimenez‐Halla J. Oscar C. , Nishihara Sadafumi , Kubo Kazuyuki , Nakamoto Masaaki , Yamamoto Yohsuke , Mizuta Tsutomu , Shang Rong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSynthetic strategies to access high‐valent iridium complexes usually require use of π donating ligands bearing electronegative atoms (e. g. amide or oxide) or σ donating electropositive atoms (e. g. boryl or hydride). Besides the η5‐(methyl)cyclopentadienyl derivatives, high‐valent η1 carbon‐ligated iridium complexes are challenging to synthesize. To meet this challenge, this work reports the oxidation behavior of an all‐carbon‐ligated anionic bis(CCC‐pincer) IrIII complex. Being both σ and π donating, the diaryl dipyrido‐annulated N‐heterocyclic carbene (dpa‐NHC) IrIII complex allowed a stepwise 4e− oxidation sequence. The first 2e− oxidation led to an oxidative coupling of two adjacent aryl groups, resulting in formation of a cationic chiral IrIII complex bearing a CCCC‐tetradentate ligand. A further 2e− oxidation allowed isolation of a high‐valent tricationic complex with a triplet ground state. These results close a synthetic gap for carbon‐ligated iridium complexes and demonstrate the electronic tuning potential of organic π ligands for unusual electronic properties.
Alcohol consumption and prognosis and survival in breast cancer survivors: The Pathways Study
Authors: Kwan Marilyn L. , Valice Emily , Ergas Isaac J. , Roh Janise M. , Caan Bette J. , Cespedes Feliciano Elizabeth M. , Kolevska Tatjana , Hartman Terryl J. , Quesenberry Charles P. , Ambrosone Christine B. , Kushi Lawrence H. 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe impact of alcohol consumption on breast cancer (BC) prognosis remains unclear.MethodsThe authors examined short‐term alcohol intake in relation to recurrence and mortality in 3659 women who were diagnosed with stage I–IV BC from 2003 to 2013 in the Pathways Study. Alcohol drinking in the past 6 months was assessed at cohort entry (mean, 2 months postdiagnosis) and 6 months later using a food‐frequency questionnaire. Study end points were recurrence and death from BC, cardiovascular disease, and all causes. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using multivariable Cox proportional hazards models.ResultsOver an average follow‐up of 11.2 years, 524 recurrences and 834 deaths (369 BC‐specific and 314 cardiovascular disease‐specific) occurred. Compared with nondrinkers (36.9%), drinkers were more likely younger, more educated, and current or past smokers. Overall, alcohol consumption was not associated with recurrence or mortality. However, women with higher body mass index (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) had lower risk of overall mortality with increasing alcohol consumption for occasional drinking (HR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.54–0.94) and regular drinking (HR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.56–1.08) around the time of diagnosis, along with 6 months later, in a dose‐response manner (p < .05). Women with lower BMI (<30 kg/m2) were not at higher risk of mortality but were at possibly higher, yet nonsignificant, risk of recurrence for occasional drinking (HR, 1.29; 95% CI, 0.97–1.71) and regular drinking (HR, 1.19; 95% CI, 0.88–1.62).ConclusionsAlcohol drinking around the time of and up to 6 months after BC diagnosis was associated with lower risk of all‐cause mortality in obese women. A possible higher risk of recurrence was observed in nonobese women.
Tunable Synthetic Hydrogels to Study Angiogenic Sprouting
Authors: Trapani Giuseppe , Weiß Martin Sebastian , Trappmann Britta 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAngiogenic sprouting, the formation of new blood vessels from pre‐existing vasculature, is tightly regulated by the properties of the surrounding tissue microenvironment. Although the extracellular matrix has been shown to be a major regulator of this process, it is not clear how individual biochemical and mechanical properties influence endothelial cell sprouting. This information gap is largely due to the lack of suitable in vitro models that recapitulate angiogenic sprouting in a 3D environment with independent control over matrix properties. Here, we present protocols for the preparation of endothelial cell spheroid‐laden synthetic, dextran‐based hydrogels, which serve as a highly tunable 3D scaffold. The adjustment of the hydrogels’ adhesiveness, stiffness, and degradability is demonstrated in detail. Finally, we describe assays to elucidate how individual matrix properties regulate angiogenic sprouting, including their analysis by immunofluorescence staining and imaging. © 2023 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Synthesis of methacrylated dextran (DexMA)Basic Protocol 2: Generation of endothelial cell spheroids in microwellsBasic Protocol 3: Endothelial cell sprouting in hydrogels of tunable stiffnessBasic Protocol 4: Endothelial cell sprouting in hydrogels of tunable adhesivenessBasic Protocol 5: Endothelial cell sprouting in hydrogels of tunable degradabilityBasic Protocol 6: Imaging of endothelial cell spheroid‐laden hydrogelsSupport Protocol 1: Preparation of pro‐angiogenic cocktail for endothelial cell sprouting
Report of a magpie preying on a post‐fledgling Daurian redstart
Authors: Zhu Guofen , Zheng Meinuo , Lyu Shanshan , Ma Laikun 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA magpie (Pica pica) preying on a fledgling of Daurian redstart (Phoenicurus auroreus) was incidentally recorded with a video shot by mobile phone on 26 May 2021, providing direct evidence for magpie predation. It also shows that predation is an important factor that affects the survival of fledglings, indicating that survival of fledglings should be considered in evaluating breeding success of birds. The fledgling was about 13‐day‐old posthatching, and it was on its first day of leaving the nest when the incident occurred. It was preyed upon by a magpie 10 m away from the nest by two attempts under strong defensive behaviour from the female.
A comparative analysis of multi‐criteria decision methods for secure beacon selection in vehicular platoons
Authors: Taylor Sean Joe , Ahmad Farhan , Nguyen Hoang Nga , Shaikh Siraj Ahmed , Bryans Jeremy , Wartnaby Charles E. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractVehicle platoons are a novel transportation technology which not only aims to ensure traffic safety but also create a positive impact on the environment by producing low CO emissions. Vehicle platoons rely heavily on wireless communication to ensure that vehicles (leader and members) moving at high speed can keep close formation by exchanging beacons containing significant, authentic and accurate information. However, the presence of malicious attackers launching different attacks such as false data injection (FDI) can compromise the security of vehicle platoons by tampering with the beacons. Therefore, to avoid FDI attacks, we relied on multi‐criteria decision methods (MCDM)‐based methods in order to select the optimum beacon to share authentic and accurate information with the member vehicles. In this study, three MCDM methods including weighted sum model, technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution and preference ranking organization method for enrichment of evaluations (PROMETHEE‐II) are studied and compared with the aim to enable the platoons to select the optimum beacon for communication. We performed extensive simulations to evaluate the performance of these methods in the presence of three FDI attacker models from four different aspects, that is, safety, stability, environmental, and cyber security. Our results demonstrate that MCDM‐based methods can increase network efficiency, but at the cost of a trade‐off between safety and cyber security.
Modeling of tunnel air condition in the Kyiv (Ukraine) subway to reduce humidity
Authors: Deineko Andrii Ivanovich , Krukovskyi Pavlo Grihorovich , Diadiushko Yevhenii Valentinovich , Smolchenko Dmytro Andreevich 
Published: August 2023

AbstractExperimental study of the level of relative humidity of tunnel air in the Kyiv subway in recent years has shown a constant exceeding of the normalized value (established by regulations) of relative humidity of tunnel air (>75 %) during the summer period, which led to the deterioration of equipment and the rims of the tunnel walls. Comparison of absolute humidity values of tunnel air and supply air from ventilation shafts from the environment under the current tunnel ventilation modes led to the recommendation to change these modes from removal to injection of air with lower absolute humidity than in the problem tunnels. This idea was verified and validated using 3D modeling of the thermo‐gas‐dynamic and humidity conditions of the tunnels over 3 calendar years, resulting in a decrease in relative humidity below 75 % due to changes in the operating modes of tunnel ventilation. The simulation results were confirmed by experimental tests in the subway and implemented for use.
Wie sicher sind unsere Bauwerke? – Strukturpapier des Arbeitskreises 2.15 der DGGT „Zuverlässigkeitsbasierte Methoden in der Geotechnik“
Authors: Lesny Kerstin , Arnold Patrick , Sorgatz Julia , Schneider Ronald 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDer zukünftige Eurocode 7 wird ausdrücklich die Nutzung zuverlässigkeitsbasierter Methoden in der geotechnischen Planung und Bemessung erlauben. In Deutschland gibt es bisher kaum Erfahrung in der praktischen Anwendung derartiger Verfahren und entsprechend sind die Vorbehalte gegenüber diesen Methoden oft groß. Der neue DGGT‐Arbeitskreis (AK) 2.15 „Zuverlässigkeitsbasierte Methoden in der Geotechnik“ hat sich zum Ziel gesetzt, durch praxisorientierte Anleitungen und Empfehlungen sowie begleitende Aus‐ und Weiterbildungsangebote den praktischen Zugang zu diesen Verfahren zu unterstützen. Ziel ist es, Möglichkeiten und Grenzen zu verdeutlichen sowie vor allem ihre Potenziale zu erschließen. In dem vorliegenden Beitrag werden allgemeine Grundlagen und die zukünftigen Arbeitsfelder des AK 2.15 vorgestellt. Ausgehend von der Einführung relevanter Fachbegriffe wird zunächst die Einbettung zuverlässigkeitsbasierter Verfahren in den aktuellen Normungs‐ und Regelungskontext aufgezeigt. Anschließend werden anhand des Lebenszyklus eines geotechnischen Bauwerks die Unsicherheiten in den geotechnischen Prognosen und Bewertungen beschrieben. Daran anknüpfend wird aufgezeigt, an welchen Stellen zuverlässigkeitsbasierte Methoden als mögliches Werkzeug sinnvoll genutzt werden können, um Ingenieur:innen, Bauherr:innen und Prüfer:innen in Nachweis‐ und Entscheidungsprozessen zu unterstützen. Zu den sich daraus ableitenden Arbeitsthemen werden durch den AK 2.15 zukünftig Empfehlungen erarbeitet und sukzessive veröffentlicht.
Association between early care and education centres policies and practices and children's healthy behaviours
Authors: Lee Yi‐Ting Hana , Zhang Qi , Elmontser Mohnd , Stevenson Elizabeth , Gazmararian Julie A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the impact of nutritional and physical activity (PA) policies and practices at early care and education centres on behavioural changes among children ages 2–5.MethodsThe study population included 586 children from 25 education centres throughout the state of Georgia. Policies and practices were measured using the Georgia Nutrition and PA Assessment at the start of school year in Fall 2017. Survey data were collected at the beginning of school year September/October 2017 and at the end of school year April/May 2018 to measure changes in children's nutritional and PA behaviour over the school year. We used generalised estimating equations to estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals.ResultsChildren at centres with a high nutrition assessment score had higher odds of increasing vegetable consumption (OR = 2.1; 95% CI: 1.1, 4.0) while the odds of increasing fruit (OR = 1.4; 95% CI: 0.8, 2.4) and water (OR = 1.2; 95% CI: 0.5, 2.7) consumption increased non‐significantly. The odds of improving PA were similar between children at centres with a high versus a low PA assessment score.ConclusionThe results, though insignificant, indicate that policies and practices could influence children's health behaviours. Further research is warranted to examine whether improvements in policies and practices could explain changes in children's health behaviours, the impact of educator's knowledge on children's health behaviours and the implementation of and adherence to policy and practice improvement plans.
Distribution and chemotactic mechanism of CD4+ T cells in traumatic tracheal stenosis
Authors: Feng Tingmei , Chen Yan , Wei Jinmei , Tan Sen , Guangnan Liu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA systemic and local inflammatory immune imbalance is thought to be the cause of traumatic tracheal stenosis (TS). However, with CD4+ T lymphocytes being the predominant immune cells in TS, the mechanism of action and recruitment has not been described. In our research, using flow cytometry, ELISA, immunofluorescence, and Transwell chamber assays, the expression, distribution, and potential chemotactic function of CD4+ T cells in TS patients were examined before and after treatment. The results showed that the untreated group had significantly more CD4+ T cells and their secreted TGF‐β1 than the treated group. Additionally, the untreated group's CD4+ T cells showed a significant rise in CCL22 and CCL1, as well as a larger proportion of CCR4 and CCR8. CD4+ T cells and CD68+ macrophages located in TS also expressed CCL1 and CCL22. In vitro, anti‐CCL1 and anti‐CCL22 can partially block the chemoattractant effect of TS bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) on purified CD4+ T cells. The findings of this study indicated that TS contained unbalanced CD4 immune cells that were actively recruited locally by CCR4/CCL22 and CCR8/CCL1. As a result, it is anticipated that CD4 immune rebalancing can serve as a novel treatment for TS.
Integrating technologies to provide comprehensive remote fetal surveillance: A prospective pilot study
Authors: Nir Omer , Dvir Gur , Galler Esther , Axelrod Michal , Farhi Adel , Barkai Galia , Weisz Boaz , Sivan Eyal , Mazaki Tovi Shali , Tsur Abraham 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the feasibility of extending remote maternal‐fetal care to include fetus well‐being.MethodsThe authors performed a prospective pilot study investigating low‐risk pregnant participants who were recruited at the time of their first full‐term in‐person visit and scheduled for a follow‐up telemedicine visit. Using novel self‐operated fetal monitoring and ultrasound devices, fetal heart monitoring and amniotic fluid volume measurements were obtained to complete a modified biophysical profile (mBPP). Total visit length was measured for both the in‐person first visit and the subsequent telemedicine encounter. A patient satisfaction survey form was obtained.ResultsTen women between 40 + 1 and 40 + 6 weeks of gestation participated in telemedicine encounters. Nine women (90%) were able to complete remote mBPP assessment. For one participant, fetal assessment was not completed due to technically inconclusive fetal monitoring. Another participant was referred for additional assessment in the delivery room. Satisfactory amniotic fluid volume measurements were achieved in 100% of participants. The telemedicine encounter was significantly shorter (93.1 ± 33.1 min) than the in‐person visit (247.2 ± 104.7 min; P < 0.001). We observed high patient satisfaction.ConclusionRemote fetal well‐being assessment is feasible and time‐saving and results in high patient satisfaction. This novel paradigm of comprehensive remote maternal and fetal assessment is associated with important clinical, socioeconomic, and logistics advantages.