bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatability of 18 taste and odor compounds in drinking water using oxidation
Authors: Pochiraju Susheera , Adams Craig , Hoppe‐Jones Christiane , Maalouf Samar , Weinrich Lauren 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe occurrence of taste and odor (T&O) compounds in drinking water can lead to public concern about quality when left unaddressed, therefore suitable treatment is needed. This study evaluated the treatability of 18 T&O compounds using chlorine, permanganate, and ozone in MilliQ and river water. Nine T&O compounds showed complete oxidation (>99% removal) in all water matrices by ozone. Most of the remaining T&O compounds were removed to >50% by ozone. Alkalinity, pH, and natural organic matter (NOM) had a significant impact on the decay of ozone. Chlorine and permanganate were ineffective (removal <30%) for 2‐methylisoborneol (2‐MIB), geosmin, hexanal, pyrazines, and haloanisoles. Although chlorine achieved complete removal for alkyl sulfides and indole, it was only partially effective for aldehydes and ketones. Permanganate was more effective than chlorine in oxidizing unsaturated aldehydes and ketones. Increased NOM and pH reduced oxidation effectiveness for chlorine, but not permanganate.
Obsessive‐compulsive disorder: Etiology, neuropathology, and cognitive dysfunction
Authors: Jalal Baland , Chamberlain Samuel R. , Sahakian Barbara J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundThis review provides an overview of obsessive‐compulsive disorder (OCD) symptoms, including the four partially distinct subtypes of the disorder, current diagnostic criteria, and common comorbidities. Critically, it focuses on the etiology of OCD, including its underlying neuropathology, and examines cognitive dysfunction in OCD.MethodsThis review study was conducted by library method.ResultsWe show how dysfunction in cortico‐striato‐thalamo‐cortical (CSTC) circuits may underpin symptoms; and shed light on the putative neurochemistry within these loops such as the role of serotonin, dopamine, and glutamate systems. We also show how OCD is characterized by cognitive dysfunction including problems in cognitive flexibility, visuospatial memory, response inhibition, and goal‐directed behavior, linked to aberrant activity within CSTC circuits.ConclusionsIn brief, research questions we shed light on include (1) what are the symptoms in OCD; (2) what is the etiology of the disorder and do existing models explain OCD; and (3) what are key cognitive deficits in OCD and do these improve with treatment?
Inflammation and endothelial function‐related gene polymorphisms are associated with carotid atherosclerosis—A study of community population in Southwest China
Authors: Lu Jing , Peng Wei , Yi Xingyang , Fan Daofeng , Li Jie , Wang Chun , Luo Hua , Yu Ming 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo investigate the relationships between 18 single nucleotide polymorphisms with carotid atherosclerosis and whether interactions among these genes were associated with an increased risk of carotid atherosclerosis.MethodsFace‐to‐face surveys were conducted with individuals aged 40 or older in eight communities. A total of 2377 individuals were included in the study. Ultrasound was used to detect carotid atherosclerosis in the included population. 18 loci of 10 genes associated with inflammation and endothelial function were detected. Gene‐gene interactions were analyzed using generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction (GMDR).ResultsAmong the 2377 subjects, 445 (18.7%) subjects had increased intima‐media thickness in the common carotid artery (CCA‐IMT), and 398 (16.7%) subjects were detected with vulnerable plaque. In addition, NOS2A rs2297518 polymorphism was associated with increased CCA‐IMT, IL1A rs1609682, and HABP2 rs7923349 polymorphisms were associated with vulnerable plaque. Besides, GMDR analysis showed significant gene‐gene interactions among TNFSF4 rs1234313, IL1A rs1609682, TLR4 rs1927911, ITGA2 rs1991013, NOS2A rs2297518, IL6R rs4845625, ITGA2 rs4865756, HABP2 rs7923349, NOS2A rs8081248, HABP2 rs932650.ConclusionThe prevalences of increased CCA‐IMT and vulnerable plaque were high in Southwestern China's high‐risk stroke population. Furthermore, inflammation and endothelial function‐related gene polymorphisms were associated with carotid atherosclerosis.
Boosting sulfur‐based cathode performance via confined reactions in covalent organic frameworks with polarized sites
Authors: Zhu Da , Sheng Li , Wang Jin , Wang Li , Xu Hong , He Xiangming 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe widespread promotion of the sulfur‐based cathode is continuously threatened by the dissolution or slow kinetic reactions of polysulfides, resulting in a deterioration of capacity and volume expansion. Herein, a hierarchical imine‐based covalent organic framework (COFs) with AA stacking structure is constructed as a sulfur host matrix. The one‐dimensional channels in COF are decorated with polarized methoxy groups which can confine and immobilize sulfur species through weak interactions, alleviating the shuttle effect during the battery tests. The composite electrode (COF@S) is fabricated through the melt‐diffusion method in one‐pot synthesis and exhibits a slow fading rate (0.20% each cycle) in a 0.5 C stability test. A promising mechanism for constructing the cathode composite is demonstrated in lithium‐sulfur chemistry in this work.
Preliminary analysis of double‐negative T, double‐positive T, and natural killer T‐like cells in B‐cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Valvano Luciana , Nozza Filomena , D'Arena Giovanni , D'Auria Fiorella , De Luca Luciana , Pietrantuono Giuseppe , Mansueto Giovanna , Villani Oreste , D'Agostino Simona , Lamorte Daniela , Calice Giovanni , Statuto Teodora 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundB‐cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B‐CLL) is characterized by the expansion of CD5+ malignant B lymphocytes. Recent discoveries have shown that double‐negative T (DNT) cells, double‐positive T (DPT) cells, and natural killer T (NKT)‐cells may be involved in tumor surveillance.MethodsA detailed immunophenotypic analysis of the peripheral blood T‐cell compartment of 50 patients with B‐CLL (classified in three prognostic groups) and 38 healthy donors (as controls) matched for age was performed. The samples were analyzed by flow cytometry using a stain‐lyse‐no wash technique and a comprehensive six‐color antibody panels.ResultsOur data confirmed a reduction in percentage values and an increase in absolute values of T lymphocytes in patients with B‐CLL, as already reported. In particular, DNT, DPT, and NKT‐like percentages were significantly lower than in the controls, except for NKT‐like in the low‐risk prognostic group. Moreover, a significant rise in the absolute counts of DNT cells in each prognostic group and in the low‐risk prognostic group of NKT‐like cells was found. A significant correlation of the absolute values of NKT‐like cells in the intermediate‐risk prognostic group versus B cells was observed. Furthermore, we analyzed whether the increase in T cells was related to the subpopulations of interest. Only DNT cells were positively correlated with the increase in CD3+ T lymphocytes, regardless of the stage of the disease, supporting the hypothesis that this T‐cell subset plays a key role in the immune T response in B‐CLL.ConclusionThese early results supported that DNT, DPT, and NKT‐like subsets may be related to disease progression and should encourage further studies aimed at identifying the potential immune surveillance role of these minority T subpopulations.
Fifteen‐year survival and conditional survival of women with breast cancer in Osaka, Japan: A population‐based study
Authors: Kato Mizuki , Nakata Kayo , Morishima Toshitaka , Kuwabara Yoshihiro , Fujisawa Fumie , Kittaka Nobuyoshi , Nakayama Takahiro , Miyashiro Isao 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundIn recent years, the survival of patients with breast cancer has improved. However, few published studies have a longer than 10‐year follow‐up. Conditional relative survival (CRS), which is relative survival (RS) of patients who have survived beyond a certain period after diagnosis, is useful for assessing excess mortality among long‐term survivors compared with the general population.MethodsThis was a retrospective observational cohort study. Population‐based cancer registry data in Osaka, Japan were used to determine 15‐year RS and 5‐year CRS of women with breast cancer diagnosed between 2001 and 2002 and followed up for at least 15 years. Fifteen‐year RS and age‐standardized RS (ASR) were calculated by Ederer II and cohort methods. Five‐year CRS according to age group and extent of disease (localized, regional, and distant) was estimated for every year from diagnosis to 10 years.ResultsIn the cohort of 4006 patients, the ASR declined progressively, the 5‐year ASR being 85.8%, 10‐year ASR 77.3%, and 15‐year ASR 71.6%. The overall 5‐year CRS exceeded 90% at 5 years after diagnosis, reflecting a small excess mortality compared with the general population. The 5‐year CRS of patients with regional and distant disease did not reach 90% within 10 years of follow‐up (89.4% for regional and 72.9% for distant disease 10 years after diagnosis), indicating that these patients had substantial excess mortality.ConclusionLong‐term survival data can help cancer survivors plan their lives and receive better medical care and support.
When trauma is stigmatized: Disidentification and dissociation in people affected by adverse childhood experiences
Authors: Lashkay Anna‐Mariya , Kinsella Elaine L. , Muldoon Orla T. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSurvivors of Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) can experience dissociation because of their trauma. Those survivors can also experience stigma stemming from their traumatic experiences, which may encourage disidentification from the stigmatized group (i.e., other survivors of ACEs). However, the relationships between disidentification and dissociation have not been empirically tested. Using a social identity framework, we examined whether stigmatized trauma perceptions (the degree to which a trauma is perceived as a stigmatized experience) predicted dissociative symptoms and disidentification using cross‐sectional survey data. An online community sample of ACEs survivors (N = 181) completed measures of disidentification and dissociation. Stigmatized trauma perceptions were measured by respondents rating the extent to which they perceived ACEs are a stigmatizing experience. Path analysis revealed higher stigmatized trauma perceptions predicted more disidentification which resulted in greater dissociative symptoms, after controlling for ACEs and gender. The results show that survivors are more likely to disidentify from people with similar experiences when they feel their trauma is stigmatized. This disidentification was associated with greater dissociation. The findings demonstrate a link between social disidentification and personal dissociation. Further research can explore this link in other types of stigmatized traumas (e.g., suicide).
Bivalent Metal Chelates with Pentadentate Azo‐Schiff Base Derived from Nicotinic Hydrazide: Preparation, Structural Elucidation, and Pharmacological Activity
Authors: Abouel‐Enein Saeyda A. , Emam Sanaa M. , Abdel‐Satar Eman M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAzo‐Schiff base ligand (N′‐((E)‐2‐hydroxy‐5‐((E)‐(2‐hydroxyphenyl)diazenyl)benzylidene)nicotinohydrazide) and its Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II) and Pd(II) chelates were prepared and elucidated. The geometrical structures of the prepared chelates were characterized by several spectroanalytical techniques and thermogravimetric analysis. The obtained data revealed that the chelates have (1M:1L), (1M:2L), (1M:3L), and (1M:4L) molar ratios. The infrared spectra displayed that the H2L ligand behaves in a pentacoordinate fashion in chelates of Mn(II), Ni(II), and Cu(II) ions. However, in Zn(II) and Pd(II) chelates, the ligand is coordinated as a tetradentate species (NONO) through nitrogen atoms of azomethine and azo groups as well as oxygen atoms of phenolic hydroxy, and carbonyl groups. Besides, it was concluded that the oxygen atoms of carbonyl and hydroxy groups along with the azomethine nitrogen atom of the ligand are bounded with Co(II) ion in metal chelate (2). According to the measured molar conductance values, the chelates of Cu(II), Zn(II), and Pd(II) are weak electrolytes, but Mn(II), Co(II), and Ni(II) chelates are ionic. The azo‐Schiff base ligand and its prepared metal chelates were tested for their antioxidant and antibacterial properties. The Ni(II) chelate was found to be considered an effective antioxidant agent. In addition, the available antibacterial data suggest that the Ni(II) and Co(II) chelates may be employed as inhibitor agents against Proteus vulgaris, Escherichia coli, and Bacillus subtilis bacteria. Furthermore, the data showed that, in comparison to the ligand and other metal chelates, copper(II) chelate (4) exhibited higher action against Bacillus subtilis bacteria.
Significant impact of redox regulation of estrogen‐metabolizing proteins on cellular stress responses
Authors: Maiti Smarajit , Nazmeen Aarifa , Banerjee Amrita 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe ultimate driving force, stress, promotes adaptability/evolution in proliferating organisms, transforming tumorigenic growth. Estradiol (E2) regulates both phenomena. In this study, bioinformatics‐tools, site‐directed‐mutagenesis (human estrogen‐sulfotransferase/hSULT1E1), HepG2 cells tested with N‐acetyl‐cysteine (NAC/thiol‐inducer) or buthionine‐sulfoxamine (BSO/thiol‐depletory) were evaluated for hSULT1E1 (estradiol‐sulphating/inactivating) functions. Reciprocal redox regulation of steroid sulfatase (STS, E2‐desulfating/activating) results in the Cys‐formylglycine transition by the formylglycine‐forming enzyme (FGE). The enzyme sequences and structures were examined across the phylogeny. Motif/domain and the catalytic conserve sequences and protein‐surface‐topography (CASTp) were investigated. The E2 binding to SULT1E1 suggests that the conserved‐catalytic‐domain in this enzyme has critical Cysteine 83 at position. This is strongly supported by site‐directed mutagenesis/HepG2‐cell research. Molecular‐docking and superimposition studies of E2 with the SULT1E1 of representative species and to STS reinforce this hypothesis. SULT1E1‐STS are reciprocally activated in response to the cellular‐redox‐environment by the critical Cys of these two enzymes. The importance of E2 in organism/species proliferation and tissue tumorigenesis is highlighted.
Effects of bran pigmentation and parboiling on rheological properties of waxy rice in neutral and acidic environments
Authors: Jannasch Annegret , Wang Ya‐Jane , Lee Sun‐Ok , McClung Anna M. , Brownmiller Cindi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesPigmented rice is a good source of polyphenols that can interact with proteins to affect starch rheological properties. Parboiling influences rice functional properties via starch gelatinization and protein denaturation, but its effects on polyphenol/protein/starch interactions are unknown. This study investigated the rheological properties of pigmented (HB‐1) and nonpigmented (Neches) waxy rice in neutral (water) and acidic (0.1 N HCl) environments as affected by soaking at room temperature or 5°C below onset gelatinization temperature (To) and steaming.FindingsWhole grain rice and starch of both varieties shared similar pasting viscosities, whereas milled HB‐1 displayed a higher peak viscosity than its derived starch. Soaking at 5°C<To increased pasting viscosities of whole grain and milled Neches and whole grain HB‐1, but decreased those of milled HB‐1. Parboiled whole grain and milled HB‐1 after high‐temperature soaking showed lower storage (G’) and loss (G”) modulus in neutral environment, but enhanced viscoelastic properties in acidic environment.ConclusionThe results provide evidence for the presence of inherent polyphenol/protein/starch interactions in pigmented rice. These interactions may be enhanced from protein denaturation during parboiling but disrupted when exposed to acid to increase starch swelling.Significance and NoveltyPolyphenol/protein/starch interactions may help develop functional foods with increased viscosity in acidic environment.
F‐Doped Co−N−C Catalysts for Enhancing the Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Zn‐Air Batteries
Authors: Xu Chao , Guo Peng‐Peng , Yang Kun‐Zu , Lu Chen , Wei Ping‐Jie , Liu Jin‐Gang 
Published: May 2023

AbstractZn‐air battery is a promising next‐generation energy storage device. Its performance, however, is limited by a high overpotential resulted from the slow kinetics of the cathodic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). This study reports a simple strategy for preparation of a fluorine‐doped Co−N−C composite as highly efficient electrocatalyst for ORR. The C@PVI‐(TPFC)Co‐800 catalyst was prepared by pyrolysis of F‐containing Co‐corrole that was assembled on PVI‐functionalized carbon black through the axial imidazole coordination (PVI=polyvinylimidazole, TPFC=5,10,15‐triperfluorophenyl‐21H, 22H‐corrole). The C@PVI‐(TPFC)Co‐800 catalyst exhibited much more positive ORR half‐wave potential (E1/2=0.88 V vs. RHE) than its counterpart C@PVI‐(TPC)Co‐800 (E1/2=0.82 V, TPC=5,10,15‐triphenyl‐21H, 22H‐corrole) without F‐doping in 0.1 M KOH electrolyte. C@PVI‐(TPFC)Co‐800 also achieved a greater kinetic current density and enhanced durability in alkaline media. In addition, a Zn‐air battery with C@PVI‐(TPFC)Co‐800 loaded at the cathode delivered much higher peak power density (Pmax=141 mW/cm2) and open‐circuit voltage (OCV=1.45 V) over the C@PVI‐(TPC)Co‐800 counterpart (Pmax=110 mW/cm2, OCV=1.39 V) and the commercial 20 % Pt/C (Pmax=119 mW/cm2, OCV=1.42 V) as well. The promoted catalyst performance for ORR was attributed to the increased specific surface area, more defects generated, and reduced electron density distribution around the Co metal center after F‐doping.
Estimating the Ecological Performance of Water and Wastewater Treatment in Africa: A Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Ogbu Charles Amarachi , Ivanova Tatiana Alexiou , Ewemoje Temitayo Abayomi , Hlavsa Tomáš , Roubik Hynek 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis article is the result of a systematic review of published life cycle assessment (LCA) studies on water and wastewater treatment in Africa. After applying the search and selection criteria, 32 observations for energy use were included and 20 for the global warming potential (GWP) and the eutrophication potential (EP). The dependent variables were categorized by technical, method, and typology factors. The meta‐regression model aligned with the descriptive statistics on the variation of the dependent variables due to water source but not location. Regarding energy use, GWP, and EP, the water source and the study location had the most significant influence in contrast to the life cycle impact assessment method. There is a need for more such LCA studies in Central and Western parts of Africa.
Multi‐stage fusion regression network for quality prediction of batch process
Authors: Yao Hongjuan , Zhao Xiaoqiang , Li Wei , Hui Yongyong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn most batch processes, the correlations of process variables present multi‐stage characteristic as the process progress and operating conditions change. The methods building a local model at each stage ignore the potential correlations among stages, resulting in poor quality prediction of batch process. To solve this problem, a batch process quality prediction method based on multi‐stage fusion regression network (MSFRN) is proposed. First, the affine propagation clustering (AP) algorithm is used to automatically divide the stages for batch process without relying on prior knowledge. Second, the input reconstruction error and quality prediction error are organically combined to develop a stacked isomorphic and quality‐driven autoencoder (SIQAE) for each stage, which fully extracts the quality‐related features for each stage while reducing the input cumulative loss. Then, the self‐attention mechanism is used to integrate the quality‐related features of each stage so as to obtain global features which consider the correlations among stages. Finally, the global features are input into the fully connected regression layer to predict the quality variables of batch process. The effectiveness of the proposed method was verified by applying on penicillin fermentation process.
Hydrogen Bonding, π‐Stacking, and Aurophilic Interactions in Two Dicyanoaurate(I)‐Based Manganese(II) Complexes with Auxiliary Bis‐Pyridine Ligands
Authors: Giordana Alessia , Gomila Rosa M. , Rabezzana Roberto , Laurenti Enzo , Priola Emanuele , Eftekhari‐Sis Bagher , Mahmoudi Ghodrat , Frontera Antonio 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe relevance of hydrogen‐bonding, π‐π stacking and aurophilic interactions in the solid‐state of two new heterobimetallic (AuI−MnII) complexes is analyzed in this manuscript. They are discrete complexes of formulae [Mn(bipy)2(H2O){Au(CN)2}][Au(CN)2] and [Mn(dmbipy)2{Au(CN)2}] ⋅ H2O, (bipy=2,2′‐bipyridine and dmbipy=5,5′‐dimethyl‐2,2′‐bipyridine), which are based on dicyanidoaurate(I) groups and 2,2′‐bipyridyl‐like co‐ligands. They have been synthesized in good yields and X‐ray characterized. In both compounds, aurophilic, OH⋅⋅⋅N hydrogen bonding and π‐π interactions governed the supramolecular assemblies in the solid state. These contacts with special emphasis on the aurophilic interactions have been studied using density functional theory calculations and characterized using the quantum theory of atoms‐in‐molecules and the noncovalent interaction plot. The aurophilic contacts have been also rationalized from an orbital point of view using the natural bond orbital methodology, evidencing stabilization energies up to 5.7 kcal/mol. Moreover, the interaction energies have been decomposed using the Kitaura‐Morokuma energy decomposition analysis, confirming the importance of electrostatic and orbital effects.
Full Metal Species Quantification of Supported Catalysts: Beyond Metal Dispersion
Authors: Liu Shuhui , Lin Ronghe , Liu Wei , Ding Yunjie 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMetal dispersion is a key concept in heterogeneous catalysis. The conventional approaches for its estimation strongly rely on chemisorption with different probe molecules. Albeit they can generally provide an ‘averaged’ value in a cost‐effective manner, the inhomogeneity of the metal species and the complicated metal‐support interactions pose formidable challenges for the accurate determination. Full metal species quantification (FMSQ) is introduced as an advanced method to depict the whole distribution of the metal species, ranging from single atoms to clusters and nanoparticles, in a practical solid catalyst. In this approach, automated analysis of massive high‐angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopic images is realized through algorithms specialized in combining the electron microscopy‐based atom recognition statistics and deep learning‐driven nanoparticle segmentation. In this Concept article, different techniques for determining the metal dispersion are discussed with their pros and cons. FMSQ is highlighted for it can circumvent the drawbacks of conventional approaches, allowing more reliable structure‐performance relationships beyond the metal size.