bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Depression and Anxiety in a Diverse Population With Thyroid Eye Disease Using the Nationwide NIH All of Us Database
Authors: Lee Tonya C. , Radha-Saseendrakumar Bharanidharan , Delavar Arash , Ye Gordon Y. , Ting Michelle A. , Topilow Nicole J. , Bass Jeremy , Korn Bobby S. , Kikkawa Don O. , Baxter Sally L. , Liu Catherine Y. 
Published: February 2023

Purpose:
To evaluate the prevalence of depression and anxiety among individuals with thyroid eye disease (TED) and identify sociodemographic risk factors using the NIH All of Us database.

Methods:
Three hundred ninety eight cases with TED were compared with 1,592 controls with demographics matching the 2020 US Census. Primary outcomes were diagnosed depression or anxiety; Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) scores and General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) scores were included as secondary outcomes. We performed multivariable logistic regression to generate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between TED and depression and anxiety.

Results:
Patients with TED were more likely to have depression (OR 2.72, 95% CI 2.08–3.56, p < 0.001) and anxiety (OR 2.82, 95% CI 2.16–3.70, p < 0.001) than controls. In patients with TED, female gender was an independent risk factor for both depression (OR 1.72; 95% CI 1.00–5.07, p = 0.05) and anxiety (OR 2.17, 95% CI 1.25–3.85, p = 0.006). Unemployment (OR 1.72, 95% CI 1.03–2.94, p = 0.04) and lower income (OR 0.88 for income as a continuous variable, 95% CI 0.79–0.99, p = 0.03) were risk factors for anxiety. Risk factors for more severe depression as assessed by PHQ-9 included lower income (OR 0.70, 95% CI 0.57–0.85, p < 0.001), and protective factors included Black race (OR 0.12, 95% CI 0.02–0.45, p = 0.002). Lower income was associated with more severe anxiety as assessed by GAD-7 (OR 0.77, 95% CI 0.64–0.94, p = 0.009).

Conclusions:
Patients with TED were more likely to develop depression and anxiety compared with controls. This study highlights the psychosocial impact of TED and associated socioeconomic risk factors.
Efficacy of vector thermal pulsation treatment in reducing postcataract surgery dry eye disease in patients affected by meibomian gland dysfunction
Authors: Mencucci Rita , Mercuri Stefano , Cennamo Michela , Morelli Alberto , Favuzza Eleonora 
Published: February 2023

Purpose:
To evaluate the effect of a single LipiFlow vector thermal pulsation treatment performed before cataract surgery in reducing signs and symptoms of postoperative dry eye disease (DED) in patients with mild-moderate meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD).

Setting:
Eye Clinic, Careggi Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.

Design:
Prospective unmasked randomized controlled clinical trial.

Methods:
This study included patients affected by age-related cataract and mild-moderate MGD, who were randomized into 2 groups: (1) a single LipiFlow treatment performed at 5 preoperative weeks and (2) warm compresses and eyelid massages twice a day for 1 preoperative month (control group). Noninvasive break-up time (NI-BUT), Schirmer test, Standard Patient Evaluation of Eye Dryness (SPEED) questionnaire, and MG functionality parameters were evaluated at visit 0 (5 preoperative weeks), visit 1 (1 preoperative week), and visit 2 (1 postoperative month). Confocal microscopy of the MG of lower eyelids was performed at visit 0 and visit 2.

Results:
A total of 46 patients (46 eyes) were enrolled. In the LipiFlow group (n = 23), NI-BUT, SPEED questionnaire, and MG functionality parameters significantly improved at visit 1 (P < .05) and visit 2 (P < .05) compared with baseline and remained stable postoperatively. In the control group (n = 23), they did not significantly improve after treatment, while worsened postoperatively. Moreover, the changes in all parameters from baseline were significantly different between the 2 groups. Confocal microscopy imaging highlighted lower postoperative MG alterations in the LipiFlow group.

Conclusions:
A single preoperative LipiFlow treatment was effective in preventing postcataract surgery DED in patients with mild-moderate MGD. Postoperatively, treated patients displayed a better ocular surface status compared with warm compresses.
Indifference or hypersensitivity? Solving the riddle of the pain profile in individuals with autism
Authors: Hoffman Tseela , Bar-Shalita Tami , Granovsky Yelena , Gal Eynat , Kalingel-Levi Merry , Dori Yael , Buxbaum Chen , Yarovinsky Natalya , Weissman-Fogel Irit 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Excitatory–inhibitory (E/I) imbalance is a mechanism that underlies autism spectrum disorder, but it is not systematically tested for pain processing. We hypothesized that the pain modulation profile (PMP) in autistic individuals is characterized by less efficient inhibitory processes together with a facilitative state, indicative of a pronociceptive PMP. Fifty-two adults diagnosed with autism and 52 healthy subjects, age matched and sex matched, underwent quantitative sensory testing to assess the function of the (1) pain facilitatory responses to phasic, repetitive, and tonic heat pain stimuli and (2) pain inhibitory processes of habituation and conditioned pain modulation. Anxiety, pain catastrophizing, sensory, and pain sensitivity were self-reported. The autistic group reported significantly higher pain ratings of suprathreshold single (P = 0.001), repetitive (46°C- P = 0.018; 49°C- P = 0.003; 52°C- P < 0.001), and tonic (P = 0.013) heat stimuli that were cross correlated (r = 0.48-0.83; P < 0.001) and associated with sensitivity to daily life pain situations (r = 0.39-0.45; P < 0.005) but not with psychological distress levels. Hypersensitivity to experimental pain was attributed to greater autism severity and sensory hypersensitivity to daily stimuli. Subjects with autism efficiently inhibited phasic but not tonic heat stimuli during conditioned pain modulation. In conclusion, in line with the E/I imbalance mechanism, autism is associated with a pronociceptive PMP expressed by hypersensitivity to daily stimuli and experimental pain and less-efficient inhibition of tonic pain. The latter is an experimental pain model resembling clinical pain. These results challenge the widely held belief that individuals with autism are indifferent to pain and should raise caregivers' awareness of pain sensitivity in autism.
Neuromuscular adaptations to experimentally induced pain in the lumbar region: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Devecchi Valter , Falla Deborah , Cabral Hélio V. , Gallina Alessio 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Experimental pain models are frequently used to understand the influence of pain on the control of human movement. In this systematic review, we assessed the effects of experimentally induced pain in the lumbar region of healthy individuals on trunk muscle activity and spine kinematics. Databases were searched from inception up to January 31, 2022. In total, 26 studies using either hypertonic saline injection (n = 19), heat thermal stimulation (n = 3), nociceptive electrical stimulation (n = 3), or capsaicin (n = 1) were included. The identified adaptations were task dependent, and their heterogeneity was partially explained by the experimental pain model adopted. Meta-analyses revealed an increase of erector spinae activity (standardized mean difference = 0.71, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.22-1.19) during full trunk flexion and delayed onset of transversus abdominis to postural perturbation tasks (mean difference = 25.2 ms, 95% CI = 4.09-46.30) in the presence of pain. Low quality of evidence supported an increase in the activity of the superficial lumbar muscles during locomotion and during voluntary trunk movements during painful conditions. By contrast, activity of erector spinae, deep multifidus, and transversus abdominis was reduced during postural perturbation tasks. Reduced range of motion of the lumbar spine in the presence of pain was supported by low quality of evidence. Given the agreement between our findings and the adaptations observed in clinical populations, the use of experimental pain models may help to better understand the mechanisms underlying motor adaptations to low back pain.
Stress biomarkers in individuals with fibromyalgia syndrome: a systematic review with meta-analysis
Authors: Beiner Eva , Lucas Victoria , Reichert Julian , Buhai Diana-Victoria , Jesinghaus Meike , Vock Stephanie , Drusko Armin , Baumeister David , Eich Wolfgang , Friederich Hans-Christoph , Tesarz Jonas 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Evidence suggests an involvement of hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis dysregulation in the development and maintenance of fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS). However, studies on the stress response via the HPA-axis in individuals with FMS show conflicting results. To better understand the relationship between FMS and HPA-axis dysregulation, we (1) systematically summarized the current level of evidence on HPA biomarkers in individuals with FMS compared with individuals without and (2) evaluated whether FMS is associated with a specific pattern of HPA dysregulation. The main outcome measures were cortisol, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), epinephrine, and norepinephrine. A systematic search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PsychMed yielded 47 studies eligible for meta-analysis, including 1465 individuals with FMS and 1192 FMS-free controls. No main effect of FMS was found on altered levels of blood cortisol, ACTH, CRH, and epinephrine. Compared with controls, salivary and urinary cortisol levels were decreased in individuals with FMS, whereas blood levels of norepinephrine were increased. However, heterogeneity of data was high with significant evidence for publication bias. Overall, the data are compatible with association of FMS with adrenocortical hypofunction in the presence of increased sympathetic tone. However, the data are partially contradictory, so it must be assumed that the data are highly dependent on the respective study designs, patient samples, and analytical methods and do not necessarily demonstrate an abnormal HPA-axis function in FMS.
Pain-related cognitions and emotional distress are not associated with conditioned pain modulation: an explorative analysis of 1142 participants with acute, subacute, and chronic pain
Authors: Plinsinga Melanie Louise , Vuvan Viana , Maclachlan Liam , Klyne David , Graven-Nielsen Thomas , Vicenzino Bill , Hodges Paul , Bjarke Vaegter Henrik 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Reduced conditioned pain modulation (CPM) and psychological distress co-occur frequently in many pain conditions. This study explored whether common negative pain cognitions and emotional factors were related to lower CPM in individuals across the spectrum from acute to chronic pain. Previously collected data on the CPM effect, pain-related cognitions (fear of movement, pain catastrophizing), and emotional distress (depression, anxiety) through questionnaires from 1142 individuals with acute, subacute, or chronic pain were used. The presence of negative psychological factors was dichotomized according to cutoff values for questionnaires. Associations between the presence of each negative psychological factor and the amplitude of pain reduction in the CPM paradigm was explored with Generalized Linear Models adjusted for sex, age, body mass index, and pain duration. A secondary analysis explored the cumulative effect of psychological factors on CPM. When dichotomized according to cutoff scores, 20% of participants were classified with anxiety, 19% with depression, 36% with pain catastrophizing, and 48% with fear of movement. The presence of any negative psychological factor or the cumulative sum of negative psychological factors was associated with lower CPM (individual factor: β between −0.15 and 0.11, P ≥ 0.08; total: β between −0.27 and −0.12, P ≥ 0.06). Despite the common observation of psychological factors and reduced CPM in musculoskeletal pain, these data challenge the assumption of a linear relationship between these variables across individuals with acute, subacute, and chronic pain. Arguably, there was a nonsignificant tendency for associations in nonexpected directions, which should be studied in a more homogenous population.
Risk factors for hemorrhagic complications following robotic-assisted partial nephrectomy
Authors: Tsai Cheng-Han , Chung Hsiao-Jen , Huang Eric Y.H. , Lin Tzu-Ping , Huang Tzu-Hao , Huang William J. 
Published: February 2023

Background:
The aim of this study was to analyze the risk factors for hemorrhagic complications in patients who underwent robotic-assisted partial nephrectomy.

Methods:
We retrospectively reviewed the records of 260 patients who underwent robotic-assisted partial nephrectomy. Hemorrhagic complications were defined as bleeding, hematoma, or arteriovenous fistula requiring hemostatic medication, blood transfusion, or therapeutic intervention. Hemorrhagic complications were graded according to the modified Clavien classification system, and the hemorrhagic complication group comprised only those complications with Clavien grade II or higher. Thereafter, we investigated the presence of any relevant association between perioperative factors and hemorrhagic complications.

Results:
Of 260 patients included in the study, 32 (12.3%) had hemorrhagic complications. The postoperative hemoglobin level was significantly lower in the hemorrhagic complication group than in the group without complications. The hemorrhagic complication group had significantly more essential blood loss and a significantly longer length of hospital stay. In the univariate analysis, type 2 diabetes mellitus, Radius-scores tumor size as maximal diameter exophytic/endophytic properties of the tumor nearness of the deepest portion of the tumor to the collecting system or renal sinus anterior (a)/posterior (p) descriptor location relative to the polar line., sum of the renal size plus renal sinus involvement in the PADUA score is a simple anatomical system that can be used to predict the risk of surgical and medical perioperative complications in patients undergoing open NSS, prolonged console time (>180 minutes), prolonged warm ischemic time (>25 minutes), and method of pedicle control were statistically significant risk factors. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, warm ischemic time >25 minutes was the only significant risk factor for hemorrhagic complications (odds ratio, 3.51; 95% confidence interval, 1.28-9.59; p = 0.01).

Conclusion:
Patients who undergo robotic-assisted partial nephrectomy with a warm ischemic time >25 minutes are significantly more likely to have hemorrhagic complications and should hence receive careful perioperative follow-up.
The determinants of health-related quality of life among patients with newly diagnosed lung cancer in Taiwan: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Liao Chia-Hui , Yu Shu , Lin Kuan-Chia , Wu Yu-Chung , Wang Tsae-Jyy , Wang Kwua-Yun 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Although considered one of the most important prognostic factors for lung cancer patients, the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of the newly diagnosed lung cancer population remains scarcely focused on in the literature. Therefore, we aimed to identify the determinants of HRQOL among newly diagnosed lung cancer patients in Taiwan.

Methods:
Two hundred and fifty patients newly diagnosed with lung cancer were recruited from a medical center in northern Taiwan through convenience sampling. Four structured questionnaires, including the Taiwanese version of the MD Anderson symptom inventory (MDASI-T), the Taiwanese version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI-T), the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF), and the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF), were used to collect data. Further, a multivariate stepwise linear regression was conducted to determine the independent risk factors for HRQOL. A p value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:
The patients (mean age was 61.04 years, 51.2% male, 94.0% non–small-cell lung cancer, 56.4% stage IIIB–IV) had moderate levels of HRQOL among the physical, psychological, social, and environmental domains, as well as overall QOL. HRQOL was not correlated with married status, religion, and comorbidity. Gender, age, family income, smoking status, cancer stage, ECOG PS scores, PA, symptom burden (severity and interference), and PSQI global scores were correlated with HRQOL. Notably, symptom severity was the dominant negative predictor affecting the psychological and environmental domains of QOL (β = −4.313 and −3.500, respectively), accounting for 23.2% and 14.6% of the variance, respectively. On the other hand, symptom interference was the dominant negative predictor affecting the physical and social domains of QOL, as well as overall QOL (β = −3.592, −1.984, and −0.150, respectively), accounting for 44.4%, 15.0%, and 24.1% of the variance, respectively.

Conclusion:
Newly diagnosed lung cancer patients suffered symptom severity and interference that significantly impaired their HRQOL; particularly, symptom interference affected the physical domain of QOL. Healthcare professionals should pay more attention to cancer-related symptom severity, symptom interference, and HRQOL changes when caring for newly diagnosed lung cancer patients.
The Relationship Between Effort-Reward Imbalance and Depressive Symptoms Among Chinese Firefighters
Authors: Yu Yebo , Fu Mingqi , Yang Fan , Guo Jing 
Published: February 2023

Objectives
This study aims to examine the association between effort-reward imbalance (ERI) and depressive symptoms among Chinese firefighters and the moderating role of positive and negative coping styles in the above association.

Methods
A cross-sectional study including 1328 male firefighters was conducted in China. We adopted the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale to measure depressive symptoms.

Results
Results showed that ERI was associated with depressive symptoms. Individuals with a higher ERI ratio and greater overcommitment were likely to have higher level of depressive symptoms. Furthermore, negative coping style strengthened the relationship between ERI ratio and overcommitment with depressive symptoms, whereas the positive coping style presented none significant moderation.

Conclusions
These findings indicate that reforming the effort-reward system might be helpful for mental health promotion among Chinese firefighters.
The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Physical Activity Levels Among Health Care Workers
Authors: Zare Fariba , Sadeghian Farideh , Chaman Reza , Mirrezaie Seyed Mohammad 
Published: February 2023

Objective
The aim of the present study was to investigate physical activity (PA) changes during the COVID-19 pandemic among health care workers.

Methods
In a follow-up study, staff PA was compared before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Logistic regression model was used to determine the related factors with PA changes.

Results
Total PA (MET minutes a week) among participants (n = 449) showed a statistically significant decrease during the pandemic compared with before the pandemic: 3785.5 ± 2237.09 versus 2363 ± 2452.90, P < 0.0001. Although transport-related PA decreased in medical and administrative department staff (3851 ± 22.83.4 vs 2446.7 ± 2477.6, P < 0.0001 and 3593.8 ± 2094.3 vs 2122.6 ± 2373.8, P < 0.0001, respectively), the decrease was associated with employment in the administrative and nonshift sectors with odds ratios of 2.37 (1.38 to 4.08) and 2.04 (1.28 to 3.26), respectively.

Conclusion
Promoting PA at home and leisure is especially recommended to achieve the recommended PA levels.
Post-Offer Employment Testing and Its Impact on Health Care Costs for Employers
Authors: Hoffman Ben , Schaneman Justin 
Published: February 2023

Objective
To quantify the cost benefits associated with Post-Offer Employment Testing (POET).

Methods
Cross-sectional analysis of 5 million individuals/480 million medical, prescription, absence, short- and long-term disability, property and casualty and workers' compensation claims. Individuals who received POET were statistically matched by company, position, age, and gender to candidates who did not.

Results
Significant injury reduction rates and integrated benefits cost savings were found in the cohort screened by POET.

Conclusion
POET is an effective tool for the employer to manage health, disability, motor vehicle crash, at-work injury costs, and reduce turnover.
Orchestra Musicians’ Work Environment and Health Versus General Workforce
Authors: Vastamäki Martti , Heliövaara Markku , Vastamäki Heidi , Ristolainen Leena 
Published: February 2023

Objective
Our cross-sectional epidemiological study compared the work-environment harms and job uncertainties of orchestral musicians to those of the general population and their impact on health, work, and quality of life.

Methods
Musicians of all the Finnish domestic symphony orchestras and a population sample from the Finnish work force completed questionnaires, each group answering the same questions on their work environment and on health, ability to work, and quality of life.

Results
Noise disturbed the musicians 8 and poor lighting 22 times as often as these problems disturbed the controls. Musicians experienced mental violence or bullying considerably more often than did controls, with an odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of 3.0 (2.0–4.7).

Conclusions
Noise issues and poor lighting are well-known problems for orchestra musicians, but mental violence or bullying are less well known. Research should focus on such areas.
What Could Highly Engaged Workers Gain From Mental Health Promotion Programs?
Authors: Xie Weiyi , Ng Siu-man , Wang Man , Li Hui Yun , Emery Clifton , Lo Herman H. M. , Yeung Albert , Young Daniel K. W. 
Published: February 2023

Objective
The current study aims to examine the effects of mental health programs on well-being among highly engaged workers.

Methods
Participants were randomly allocated to body-mind-spiritual or peer support program. Of the whole sample, we examined participants' work engagement and positive affect from the highest quarter and the lowest quarter of work engagement at baseline. Measures were taken at baseline and 1-month intervals during 3-month programs and 3-month follow-up.

Results
The programs had decreasing effects on work engagement in the HWE subgroup. There is an increasing trend of positive affect on the HWE group only in the body-mind-spiritual program. The trajectories of work engagement in the HWE group moved toward a moderate level.

Conclusion
Our results suggest that the work engagement's decrease in the HWE group could be a sign of recovery and relaxation.
Limited Health Risks in Performing Drug Reconstitution and Handling Tasks in Pharmacies—Results of an Occupational Risk Assessment Study
Authors: Crul Mirjam , Breukels Oscar , Ng Shiwai , Le Feber Maaike , Kuijpers Eelco , Smeets Oscar 
Published: February 2023

Objective
Some drugs need processing before they can be administered or dispensed. We measured airborne exposure of pharmacy staff to small particles when performing these tasks.

Methods
Reconstitution of powdered drugs in vials; crushing, splitting, and counting of tablets; and opening of capsules, using different ventilation strategies, were investigated in five pharmacies after in a worst-case approach. Airborne particulate matter was determined for a range of particles sizes.

Results
Mean particle concentrations ranged from not detectable to 1.03 μg/m3 (<1 μm) and 589.7 μg/m3 (<10 μm). Dust exhaust made tasks safer. Most hazardous was pouring out tablets from a bulk supply, and least hazardous was reconstitution of a powder for injection.

Conclusions
Occupational exposure during routine handling of drugs can occur, but the risks vary greatly with the nature and duration of the tasks.