bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Impact of a Hands-On Interventional Radiology Training Course on Radiology Resident's Training: A Single Academic Institution Experience
Authors: Guimbarda Nicholas , Armashi Hashim , Parker William , Freedman Arthur , Elhelf Islam A.S. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study was to investigate the outcomes of an instructional hands-on training course that introduces radiology residents to the essential tools and skills needed to perform basic interventional radiology (IR) procedures.
Materials and Methods This study was performed over a single academic year at a single academic institution. A precourse survey was sent to all radiology residents to identify areas of weakness and potential opportunities for improvement. In view of the responses, a hands-on training course was designed to cover the basics of vascular and soft-tissue access, catheters, wires, embolics, and closure devices. The training was provided in a one-to-one setting by a single IR attending over a period of 45 minutes and was concluded with hands-on training on an ultrasound (US) vascular access phantom whenever possible. An anonymous postcourse survey was then distributed and the results were analyzed.
Results The average reported comfort level with basic IR concepts prior to course attendance was 1.7 on a 5-point scale (1 = not comfortable, 5 = very comfortable). This increased to an average of 4 following the course. Ninety-three percent of residents reported they have more confidence getting into the IR suite and assisting in IR procedures following the course. Residents who had an opportunity to train on the US vascular access phantom gave an average response of 4.6 out of 5 to a question of how helpful the experience was in improving their US hand skills (1 = not helpful, 5 = extremely helpful). One hundred percent of responders reported that the course successfully met its goal. Finally, the overall responses were unanimously in favor of continuing the hands-on training course.
Conclusion A personalized, cost-effective, hands-on training course can improve the IR training experience of radiology residents, especially in the early training phase. This model is of particular value for smaller to medium-sized academic institutions with limited financial and educational resources.
Gambling bank behaviour, incentive mechanism, and sanctions: A two-stage model
Authors: Strecker Isabel 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis article analyses the optimal punishment structure set by a regulator in banking markets under asymmetric information. Relying on a theoretical model, we analyse whether a decreasing, constant, or increasing sanction scheme deters potentially repeated offences in banking. We find that an increasing punishment structure is efficient in reducing gambling bank behaviour. This holds if and only if the regulator’s detection probability is low or the amount gambled by the bank, if it would cheat, is high. With this paper, we provide justification for the current policy practice.
Impact of urbanization and income inequality on life expectancy of male and female in South Asian countries: a moderating role of health expenditures
Authors: Ahmad Nisar , Raid Moodhi , Alzyadat Jumah , Alhawal Hisham 
Published: September 2023

AbstractUrbanization, income inequality and health expenditures are important factors of life expectancy. Urbanization and income inequalities are avoidable occurrences to tackle the health penalties. The objective of this study is to estimate the impact of urbanization and income inequality on the life expectancy male and female in six selected South Asian countries. To investigate the impact of urbanization and income inequality on life expectancy, eight econometric models are specified and estimated with recent panel data from 1997 to 2021. Based on the Hausman test, the random effect model is used for estimation. Life expectancy male and life expectancy female, respectively, are the dependent variables. Urbanization and income inequality are the independent variables, and health expenditure is the control variable. Further, the study finds the interaction effect of health expenditure with urbanization on life expectancy (male and female). Results explain that urbanization, income inequality and health expenditure have significant impacts on life expectancy in the case of both male and female. In both cases, life expectancy is negatively affected by urbanization and income inequality, whereas health expenditure has a positive impact on life expectancy. Health expenditures moderate the impact of urbanization on life expectancies of male and female with a small size effect. It explains that the negative impact of urbanization can be mitigated through health expenditures. The results of the study are robust. Based on the results of the study, policy-makers may suggest overcoming the problems of urbanization. It is a dire need to redistribute income in South Asian countries to achieve better health and improve life expectancy. More public health expenditures are required in these countries to provide more health facilities, especially in urban areas, to mitigate the impact of urbanization on life expectancy.
Profile of the poultry system and the socio-economic impact of native chickens as a potential development area in South Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Asnawi Aslina , Ridwan Muh. , Nurlaelah Siti , Amrawaty Andi Amidah , Baba Syahdar , Kasim Kasmiyati 
Published: September 2023

Context Native chicken farming has potential for development in several areas in Indonesia, because it is a very familiar practice and has specific community value. Both men and women have a role in raising native chickens. Aims To construct a profile of the poultry system and determine the potential socio-economic impacts for meeting community needs as a basis for the development of future native chicken enterprises. Methods The study was conducted in five areas in South Sulawesi, Indonesia, including Barru, Enrekang, Jeneponto, Maros, and Soppeng regencies. Interviews included 385 respondents (55.06% men and 44.94% women), most of whom were in the productive-age category (defined as 31–62 years of age) and were elementary school graduates. The number of family members was low, as was the number of chickens owned, being up to 25 chickens raised per year. Key results Native chicken farming was determined to have a moderate socio-economic impact on communities, as the number of chickens owned was relatively low. Native chickens are used for consumption, income generation and savings, and as complements in religious and traditional ceremonies. The potential target markets for native chickens are diverse, including individual end consumers, restaurants, local markets, and inter-regional markets. The amount of income from selling chickens varies depending on the quantity sold and the price. The price of chicken will rise under certain conditions, such as during religious and traditional events. Technical production constraints to market development include inadequate housing, lack of sanitation, non-optimal disease management, and low use of vaccinations. The primary market constraint is that the rearing locations can be far from the city centre, and the number of chickens that can be produced for sale is low. Conclusions Poultry management dynamics, such as feeding, housing, and sanitation, must be considered to expand native chicken production. It is essential to identify solutions for selling native chickens to significantly increase household income. Native chickens have a socio-economic impact, raising the family income, as complements in religious and traditional ceremonies, and affecting the social status of breeders. Implications Information regarding the potential and prospects of native chicken farming from a socio-economic perspective can encourage communities to maintain and develop livestock enterprises to support the provision of animal protein for consumption and traditional uses, and to increase household incomes.
Feasibility and economic costs of syphilis self-testing to expand test uptake among gay, bisexual and transgender men: results from a randomised controlled trial in Zimbabwe
Authors: Nhamo Definate , Mangenah Collin , Chapwanya Gwendoline , Mamvuto Takudzwa , Mahaka Imelda , Sri-Pathmanathan Clarisse , Ferrand Rashida A. , Kranzer Katharina , Terris-Prestholt Fern , Marks Michael , Tucker Joseph D. 
Published: September 2023

Background Access to syphilis testing and treatment is frequently limited for men who have sex with men (MSM). A two-armed randomised controlled trial compared feasibility and costs of facility-based syphilis testing with self-testing among MSM in Zimbabwe. Methods This randomised controlled trial was conducted in Harare, with participants randomised 1:1. Syphilis self-testing was offered in community-based settings. The primary outcome was the relative proportion of individuals taking up testing. Total incremental economic provider and user costs, and cost per client tested, diagnosed and treated were assessed using ingredients-based costing in 2020 US$. Results A total of 100 men were enrolled. The two groups were similar in demographics. The mean age was 26 years. Overall, 58% (29/50) and 74% (37/50) of facility- and self-testing arm participants, respectively, completed syphilis testing. A total of 28% of facility arm participants had a reactive test, with 50% of them returning for confirmatory testing yielding 28% reactivity. In the self-testing arm, 67% returned for confirmatory testing, with a reactivity of 16%. Total provider costs were US$859 and US$736, and cost per test US$30 and US$15 for respective arms. Cost per reactive test was US$107 and US$123, and per client treated US$215 and US$184, respectively. The syphilis test kit was the largest cost component. Total user cost per client per visit was US$9. Conclusion Syphilis self-testing may increase test uptake among MSM in Zimbabwe. However, some barriers limit uptake including lack of self-testing and poor service access. Bringing syphilis testing services to communities, simplifying service delivery and increasing self-testing access through community-based organisations are useful strategies to promote health-seeking behaviours among MSM.
Experimental and statistical investigation into surface characteristics in micro milling of bottom pouring/gravity stir cast Al6061 alloy
Authors: Rawal Sunil , Kumar Mayank , Sidpara Ajay M , Paul Jinu 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Micro milling offers the best way to create micro channels; however, the burr formation and surface roughness of the micro channel are difficult to control. Micro channel fabrication and their characterization of stir cast Al6061 are rarely investigated. In the present study, Al6061 alloy was processed by the bottom pouring stir casting method. The micro channels were fabricated on a base and stir cast Al6061 alloys using TiSIN-coated micro end mill tools. The influence of micromachining parameters such as spindle speed, feed rate, and depth of cut on burr formation, cutting force, burr size, and surface roughness was investigated. A comparison was made between the findings obtained from the micro milling of the base and stir cast Al6061 alloys. The surface morphology of fabricated micro channels was analysed and correlated with the roughness profile to understand the channel profile and burr formation. The top burr formation mechanism in stir cast Al6061 alloy was investigated in detail. Low feed rate, low depth of cut, and high spindle speed produced the micro channel with fewer burrs, low surface roughness, and low cutting forces. At the optimum parameter, stir cast Al6061 alloy showed an approximate 420%, 16%, and 300% increase in Fy, Fz, and Ra, respectively, as compared to the base Al6061 alloy. Adhesion wear, built-up edge, and microchipping were found to be the main tool wear mechanisms in micro machining of stir cast alloy. This study directs the choice of cutting parameters for the stir cast micro milling process.
Low-frequency broadband absorber with coherent coupling based on perforated panel and space-coiling channels
Authors: Wang Gongxian , Luo Gang , Xiang Lei , Yin Xuewen 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Efficient broadband absorption of low-frequency sound via ultra-thin structure remains challenging due to the narrow-band property generated by the dispersive nature of resonance. In this study, we investigate the absorption mechanism of a component composed of a perforated panel and space-coiling channels through the coupling effect, acoustic impedance matching, and complex frequency analysis. In addition, the influence of geometrical parameters, resonance frequency intervals, and number of components in the coupled system on the band is investigated. Accordingly, the strategy for developing absorbers is to design individual components in the under-damped state by adjusting the geometrical parameters, then put together multiple components with different channel lengths in parallel. On the basis of this strategy, a low-frequency and broadband absorber is theoretically proposed and experimentally demonstrated, which can achieve broadband absorption from 250 Hz to 450 Hz. The design strategy has potential applications in low-frequency noise control engineering, such as plants, automotive and aerospace industries.
Transition metal doped WSi2N4 monolayer for water splitting electrocatalysts: a first-principles study
Authors: Huang Mengya , Jiang Yan , Luo Zijiang , Wang Jihong , Ding Zhao , Guo Xiang , Liu Xuefei , Wang Yi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
High-performance water splitting electrocatalysts are urgently needed in the face of the environmental degradation and energy crisis. The first principles method was used in this study to systematically examine the electronic characteristics of transition metal (Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, and Ru) doped WSi2N4 (TM@WSi2N4) and its potential as oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts. Our study shows that the doping of TM atoms significantly improves the catalytic performance of TM@WSi2N4, especially Fe@WSi2N4 shows a low overpotential (η
OER = 470 mV). Interestingly, we found that integrated-crystal orbital Hamilton population and d-band center can be used as descriptors to explain the high catalytic activity of Fe@WSi2N4. Subsequently, Fe@WSi2N4 exhibits the best hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activity with a universal overpotential of 47 mV on N1 sites. According to our research, Fe@WSi2N4 offers a promising substitute for precious metals as a catalyst for overall water splitting with low OER and HER overpotentials.
Strong ultrafast demagnetization due to the intraband transitions
Authors: Murakami Mitsuko , Zhang G P 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Demagnetization in ferromagnetic transition metals driven by a femtosecond laser pulse is a fundamental problem in solid state physics, and its understanding is essential to the development of spintronic devices. Ab initio calculation of time-dependent magnetic moment in the velocity gauge so far has not been successful in reproducing the large amount of demagnetization observed in experiments. In this work, we propose a method to incorporate intraband transitions within the velocity gauge through a convective derivative in the crystal momentum space. Our results for transition-element bulk crystals (bcc Fe, hcp Co and fcc Ni) based on the time-dependent quantum Liouville equation show a dramatic enhancement in the amount of demagnetization after the inclusion of an intraband term, in agreement with experiments. We also find that the effect of intraband transitions on each ferromagnetic material is distinctly different because of their band structure and spin property differences. Our finding has a far-reaching impact on understanding of ultrafast demagnetization.
Microstructural mechanisms of hysteresis and transformation width in NiTi alloy from molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Plummer Gabriel , Mendelev Mikhail I , Benafan Othmane , Lawson John W 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Martensitic transformations in shape memory alloys are often accompanied by thermal hysteresis, and engineering this property is of prime scientific interest. The martensitic transformation can be characterized as thermoelastic, where the extent of the transformation is determined by a balance between thermodynamic driving force and stored elastic energy. Here we used molecular dynamics simulations of the NiTi alloy to explore hysteresis-inducing mechanisms and thermoelastic behavior by progressively increasing microstructural constraints from single crystals to bi-crystals to polycrystals. In defect-free single crystals, the austenite-martensite interface moves unimpeded with a high velocity. In bi-crystals, grain boundaries act as significant obstacles to the transformation and produce hysteresis by requiring additional nucleation events. In polycrystals, the transformation is further limited by the thermoelastic balance. The stored elastic energy can be converted to mechanisms of non-elastic strain accommodation, which also produce hysteresis. We further demonstrated that the thermoelastic behavior can be controlled by adjusting microstructural constraints.
A small sample diagnosis method driven by simulation and test data: applied to axle box bearings of high-speed train
Authors: Xie Jingsong , Tian Longzhen , Lin Mingqi , Yang Buyao , Yang Jinsong , Wang Tiantian 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Fault diagnosis of axle box bearings is an important technology to improve the service safety and economy of high-speed trains. However, it is difficult to obtain sufficient fault samples in actual train operation, which limits the application of deep learning methods in the field of high-speed train fault diagnosis. Therefore, in this paper, a simulation and test data fusion-driven fault diagnosis method for axle box bearings with few samples is proposed. In this method, a bearing dynamics model is constructed to obtain simulation data for fault bearings, and the accuracy of the constructed dynamics model is verified by experimental data. Data fusion methods are proposed which use massive simulated fault samples and only normal test samples to construct new samples for the pre-training of deep learning diagnostic models. The parameter transfer strategy is used to fine-tune the diagnostic model with a small amount of test fault samples. A real train experiment is carried out for validating the proposed methods which use the real fault bearings that fail during operation. The results show that the proposed method via the fusion of simulation and test data has higher generalization ability and diagnostic accuracy in small sample situations.
Wavelength-tunable broadband lasers based on nanomaterials
Authors: Zhang Chenxi , Zhang Congyu , Li Yiwei , Shi Yaran , Chao Jiale , Zhao Yifan , Yang He , Fu Bo 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Nanomaterials are widely used in the fields of sensors, optoelectronics, biophotonics and ultrafast photonics due to their excellent mechanical, thermal, optical, electrical and magnetic properties. Particularly, owing to their nonlinear optical properties, fast response time and broadband operation, nanomaterials are ideal saturable absorption materials in ultrafast photonics, which contribute to the improvement of laser performance. Therefore, nanomaterials are of great importance to applications in wavelength-tunable broadband pulsed lasers. Herein, we review the integration and applications of nanomaterials in wavelength-tunable broadband ultrafast photonics. Firstly, the two integration methods, which are direct coupling and evanescent field coupling, and their characteristics are introduced. Secondly, the applications of nanomaterials in wavelength-tunable broadband lasers are summarized. Finally, the development of nanomaterials and broadband tunable lasers is reviewed and discussed.
Design of Nb5+-doped high-nickel layered ternary cathode material and its structure stability
Authors: Zhao Tingting , Liu Pei , Tang Fuli , Xiao Minzhi , Song Liubin , Kuang Yinjie , Long Tianyuan , Xiao Zhongliang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 (NCM811) is one of the most promising cathode materials for high-energy lithium-ion batteries, but there are still problems such as rapid capacity decay during charge and discharge and poor cycle performance. Elemental doping can significantly improve the electrochemical performance of high nickel ternary cathode materials. In this work, Nb5+-doped NCM811 cathode material was successfully synthesized. The results show that Nb5+ doping helps to increase the interlayer spacing of the lithium layer, electron transport, and structural stability, thereby significantly improving the conductivity of Li+. At a high voltage of 4.6 V, the initial discharge specific capacity of 1% Nb5+-doped NCM811 cathode material at 0.1 C is 222.3 mAh·g−1, and the capacity retention rate after 100 cycles at 1 C is 92.03%, which is far more than the capacity retention rate of NCM811 under the same conditions (74.30%). First-principles calculations prove that 1% Nb5+-doped NCM811 cathode material shows the highest electronic conductivity and Nb5+ doping will not change the lattice structure, demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed strategy.
Density functional theory studies of Ti3C2T
x
MXene nanosheets decorated with Au for sensing SF6/N2 nitrogen-containing decomposition gases
Authors: Zeng Fuping , Qiu Hao , Feng Xiaoxuan , Guo Xinnuo , Zhu Kexin , Yao Qiang , Tang Ju 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
SF6/N2 mixture is an alternative gas of SF6, which is already used in electrical equipment. When a malfunction occurs , SF6/N2 will decompose and further react with trace water and oxygen to produce nitrogen-containing gases such as NO, NO2, N2O and NF3. It is necessary to monitor these gases to ensure the safe operation of the equipment. This paper is based on density functional theory (DFT), the nanomaterial Ti3C2T
x
doped with Au atom was selected as sensing material. The result shows that Au/Ti3C2T
x
has larger adsorption energy when NO and NO2 adsorbed on the surface, the stable structures were conformed more easily with NO and NO2 compared with N2O and NF3. The density of states analysis and the frontier molecule orbital analysis reveal more change of the system before and after NO and NO2 adsorption, suggesting the material showed good sensitivity performance to NO and NO2. Thus, Au/Ti3C2T
x
is considered to have the potential for sensing NO and NO2.
Thickness effect of 2D PdSe2 film on performance of PdSe2/Si heterostructure photodetectors
Authors: Hu Yiping , Zhu Qinghai , Sun Jiabao , Sun Yijun , Hanagata Nobutaka , Xu Mingsheng 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) PdSe2 film has the characteristics of adjustable bandgap, high carrier mobility, and high stability. Photodetector (PD) based on 2D PdSe2 exhibits wide spectral self-driving features, demonstrating enormous potential in the field of optical detection. Here, we design and fabricate PdSe2/Si heterojunction PDs with various thicknesses of the PdSe2 films from 10 to 35 nm. Due to the enhancement of light absorption capacity and built-in electric field of heterojunction, the photodetector with thicker PdSe2 film can generate more photo-generated carriers and effectively separate them to form a large photocurrent, thus showing more excellent photodetection performance. The responsivity and specific detectivity of the PdSe2/Si PDs with 10 nm, 20 nm, and 35 nm PdSe2 films are 2.12 A W−1 and 6.72 × 109 Jones, 6.17 A W−1 and 1.95 × 1010 Jones, and 8.02 A W−1 and 2.54 × 1010 Jones, respectively (808 nm illumination). The PD with 35 nm PdSe2 film exhibits better performance than the other two PDs, with the rise/fall times of 15.8 μs/138.9 μs at f = 1 kHz and the cut-off frequency of 8.6 kHz. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the properties of PdSe2/Si PD array have excellent uniformity and stability at room temperature and shows potential for image sensing in the UV–vis-NIR wavelength range.