bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Double‐Heterostructured Nickel Phosphate‐Phosphides as High‐Activity Electrocatalyst for Ammonia Borane Electrooxidation
Authors: Yu Jia , Zhao Peng , Jing Haiyan , Lu Keren , Liu Boyuan , Lei Wu , Hao Qingli 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe direct electrooxidation reaction of ammonia borane (ABOR) as the anodic reaction of direct ammonia borane fuel cells (DABFCs) is greatly dependent on the properties of electrocatalysts. Both the active sites and charge/mass transfer characteristics are the key to promoting the processes of kinetics and thermodynamics, which can further improve the electrocatalytic activity. Hence, the catalyst double‐heterostructured Ni2P/Ni2P2O7/Ni12P5 (d‐NPO/NP) with the optimistic redistribution of electrons and active sites is prepared for the first time. The d‐NPO/NP‐750 catalyst obtained after pyrolysis at 750 °C shows the outstanding electrocatalytic activity toward ABOR with an onset potential of −0.329 V vs RHE which is better than all the published catalysts. The density functional theory (DFT) computations illustrate that the Ni2P2O7/Ni2P acts as the activity enhancement heterostructure with a high d‐band center (−1.60 eV) and the low activation energy barrier, while the Ni2P2O7/Ni12P5 acts as the conductivity enhancement heterostructure with the highest density of valence electrons.
Effects of cement as a substitute binder on strength and durability of fly ash–rice husk ash geopolymer concrete
Authors: Arora Saloni , Jangra Parveen , Pham Thong M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractUtilization of industrial by‐products in concrete is an effective way to reduce the exhaustion of raw materials for concrete production, but it can lead to degradation in concrete properties. Therefore, research efforts are required to achieve a balance between waste utilization and concrete performance. This study examined the strength and durability performance of geopolymer concrete (GPC) developed from fly ash (FA) and fine rice husk ash (FRHA) as main binders (50/50), with partial OPC substitution at different levels (0%–30%). Various properties like workability, compressive strength, water absorption, chloride penetration resistance, carbonation depth, electrical resistivity (ER), and acid attack resistance were experimentally investigated. Results indicated that there was a noticeable improvement in the workability with 20% OPC substitution, achieving the highest slump of 110 mm. The highest compressive strength (50 MPa) was attained with 15% OPC substitution after 90 days. Mix FR85C15 (15% OPC replacement) showed the highest durability performance at all ages through various indicators, that is, water absorption, charge passed, carbonation depth, and ER. Scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy analyses also validated the enhanced microstructure of FR85C15 compared with other mixes. When exposed to sulfuric acid (H2SO4), Mix FR85C15 showed a minimal loss of 14% in compressive strength. It was concluded that GPC produced using FA and FRHA substituting OPC (up to 15%) can potentially be utilized for structural applications.
Demonstration of Non‐contact Out‐of‐Plane Vibration Energy Harvesting Using an Electric‐Double‐Layer Electret
Authors: Nota Keigo , Tamura Kentaro , Miwa Kazumoto , Ono Shimpei , Yamane Daisuke 
Published: March 2023

This paper reports demonstration results of non‐contact out‐of‐plane vibration energy harvesting using an electric‐double‐layer electret (EDLE). Unlike contact types or non‐contact in‐plane types, the proposed operation type can be useful in terms of expanding the operating frequency range and simplifying the device structures. A demonstration system is developed, and power generation is confirmed using an EDLE with a surface potential of −1 V under an atmospheric condition. © 2023 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Carcinogenic effect of potential toxic metals in school children through contaminated drinking water around the industrial area of Pakistan
Authors: Younas Kamran , Jamil Asma , Saleem Ansa Rukya 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDue to papulation increase in Pakistan the demand of drinking water increased day by day. After the industrial grooming the wastewater producing harmful effect on the surrounding area of industries and drinking water contamination increased. Pakistan is on 82 amongst the 125 countries of the word having drinking water problem. Different parameter set by World Health Organization (WHO) and Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency (Pak‐EPA) of hazard dimension index (HD) and Lifetime Cancerogenic risk Calculation (LFCR) of Potentially toxic metals that are As, Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb (PTMs) are higher, and the school age children are under high risk of cancer. All the drinking constraints set by regulating authority is fully neglected by inopportune human process by solid waste dumping and houses and industrial disposal with any proper treatment. This study discusses all the HD and LFCR parameter in three age group children, male and female through drinking water around the Hattar Industrial Estate (HIE) in Pakistan. In children and women more HD and LFCR thread than the adult man. The overall result shows that the HD risk is higher than the LFCR due to the PTMs in drinking water only HD is exceed from the limit of WHO and Pak‐EPA. If there is no proper arrangement take place for the removal of As and PTMs from the industrial wastewater and drinking water than within few years all the population around the study area effected with different type of cancer.
Phase‐rectified signal averaging: correlation between two monitors and relationship with short‐term variation of fetal heart rate
Authors: Liu B. , Thilaganathan B. , Bhide A. 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo establish the correlation between phase‐rectified signal averaging (PRSA) outputs obtained from a novel self‐applicable non‐invasive fetal electrocardiography (NIFECG) monitor with those from computerized cardiotocography (cCTG). A secondary objective was to evaluate the potential for remote assessment of fetal wellbeing by determining the relationship between PRSA and short‐term variation (STV).MethodsThis was a prospective observational study of women with a singleton pregnancy over 28 + 0 weeks' gestation attending a London teaching hospital for cCTG assessment. Participants underwent concurrent cCTG and NIFECG monitoring for up to 60 min. Averaged accelerative (AAC) and decelerative (ADC) capacities and STV were derived by postprocessing and filtration of signals, generating fully (F) and partially (P) filtered results. Linear correlation and accuracy and precision analysis were performed to assess the relationship between PRSA outputs from cCTG and NIFECG, using varying anchor thresholds, and their association with STV.ResultsA total of 306 concurrent cCTG and NIFECG traces were collected from 285 women. F‐filtered NIFECG PRSA (eAAC/eADC) results were generated from 65% of traces, whereas cCTG PRSA (cAAC/cADC) outputs were generated from all. Strong correlations were observed between cAAC and F‐filtered eAAC (r = 0.879, P < 0.001) and between cADC and F‐filtered eADC (r = 0.895, P < 0.001). NIFECG anchor detection decreased significantly with increasing signal loss, and NIFECG PRSA indices showed considerable deviation from those of cCTG when derived from traces in which fewer than 100 anchors were detected. Removing anchor filters from NIFECG traces to generate P‐filtered PRSA outputs weakened the correlation (AAC: r = 0.505, P < 0.001; ADC: r = 0.560, P < 0.001). Lowering the anchor threshold to 100 increased the yield of eAAC and eADC outputs to approximately 74%, whilst maintaining strong correlation with cAAC (r = 0.839, P < 0.001) and cADC (r = 0.815, P < 0.001), respectively. Both cAAC and cADC showed a very strong linear relationship with cCTG STV (r = 0.928, P < 0.001 and r = 0.911, P < 0.001, respectively). Similar findings were observed with eAAC (r = 0.825, P < 0.001) and eADC (r = 0.827, P < 0.001).ConclusionsPRSA appears to be a method of fetal assessment equivalent to STV, but, due to its innate ability to eliminate artifacts, it generates interpretable NIFECG traces with high accuracy at a higher rate. These findings raise the possibility of self‐applied at‐home or remote fetal heart‐rate monitoring with automated reporting, thus enabling increased surveillance in high‐risk women without impacting on service demand. © 2023 The Authors. Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of smallholder farmers on foot‐and‐mouth disease in Cattle in West Kazakhstan
Authors: Bayantassova Svetlana , Kushaliyev Kaissar , Zhubantayev Izimgali , Zhanabayev Assylbek , Kenzhegaliyev Zhauynbay , Ussenbayev Altay , Paritova Assel , Baikadamova Gulnara , Bakishev Temirlan , Zukhra Aitpayeva , Terlikbayev Askar , Akhmetbekov Nurbolat , Tokayeva Mereke , Burambayeva Nadezhda , Bauzhanova Lyailya , Temirzhanova Alma , Rustem Abeldinov , Aisin Marat , Tursunkulov Spandiyar , Rametov Nurkuisa , Issimov Arman 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundThis study was performed to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAPs) of farmers and veterinary professionals towards foot‐and‐mouth disease (FMD) in the area studied.MethodsThe study was based on a comprehensive questionnaire administered through face‐to‐face interviews. Between January and May 2022, 543 households and 27 animal health practitioners (AHP) were visited in 4 provinces of the West Kazakhstan region to assess their KAPs towards FMD.ResultsA large proportion of herd owners (84%) had known the name of the disease, and nearly a half (48) of respondents had heard of FMD cases on farms in the neighbourhood. Oral mucosa lesions were the most consistent with clinical sign characteristic of FMD among farmers (31.4%), followed by hoof blisters (27.6%) and excessive salivation (18.6%). Farmers reported that new animal introduction was potentially the main factor associated with FMD occurrence in their herds. Over half of farmers (54%) interviewed prefer not to purchase livestock from unknown or potentially epidemiologically disadvantaged areas.ConclusionAll AHPs (27) reported that in their zone of veterinary responsibilities, vaccination against FMD is not practised because the area investigated possesses FMD‐free status. However, in the past few years, numerous FMD outbreaks have been detected throughout the region. For this reason, immediate actions need to be taken to prevent further FMD occurrences by giving the region a status of an FMD‐free zone with vaccination. The current study demonstrated that inadequate quarantine controls of imported animals, absence of regular vaccination and unrestricted animal movement within the country were the primary obstacles in controlling and preventing FMD in the investigated area.
Gauge invariance and finite counterterms in chiral gauge theories
Authors: Cornella Claudia , Feruglio Ferruccio , Vecchi Luca 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
We derive the finite one-loop counterterm required to restore the Ward Identities broken by the regularization scheme in chiral gauge theories. Our result is an analytic expression applicable to a wide class of regularizations satisfying a few general properties. We adopt the background field method, which ensures background gauge invariance in the quantized theory, and focus on renormalizable chiral theories with arbitrary gauge group and fermions in general representations. Our approach can be extended to theories involving scalars, such as the Standard Model, or to non-renormalizable theories, such as the SMEFT. As a concrete application, we work out the finite counterterm at one loop in the Standard Model, within dimensional regularization and the Breitenlohner-Maison-’t Hooft-Veltman prescription for γ5.
Universal 1-loop divergences for integrable sigma models
Authors: Levine Nat 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
We present a simple, new method for the 1-loop renormalization of integrable σ-models. By treating equations of motion and Bianchi identities on an equal footing, we derive ‘universal’ formulae for the 1-loop on-shell divergences, generalizing case-by-case computations in the literature. Given a choice of poles for the classical Lax connection, the divergences take a theory-independent form in terms of the Lax currents (the residues of the poles), assuming a ‘completeness’ condition on the zero-curvature equations. We compute these divergences for a large class of theories with simple poles in the Lax connection. We also show that ℤT coset models of ‘pure-spinor’ type and their recently constructed η- and λ-deformations are 1-loop renormalizable, and 1-loop scale-invariant when the Killing form vanishes.
Explicit holography for vector models at finite N, volume and temperature
Authors: Aharony Ofer , Chester Shai M. , Sheaffer Tal , Urbach Erez Y. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In previous work we constructed an explicit mapping between large N vector models (free or critical) in d dimensions and a non-local high-spin gravity theory on AdSd+1, such that the gravitational theory reproduces the field theory correlation functions order by order in 1/N. In this paper we discuss three aspects of this mapping. First, our original mapping was not valid non-perturbatively in 1/N, since it did not include non- local correlations between the gravity fields which appear at finite N. We show that by using a bi-local G − Σ type formalism similar to the one used in the SYK model, we can construct an exact mapping to the bulk that is valid also at finite N. The theory in the bulk contains additional auxiliary fields which implement the finite N constraints. Second, we discuss the generalization of our mapping to the field theory on Sd, and in particular how the sphere free energy matches exactly between the two sides, and how the mapping can be consistently regularized. Finally, we discuss the field theory at finite temperature, and show that the low-temperature phase of the vector models can be mapped to a high-spin gravity theory on thermal AdS space.
Prone Dynamic CT Myelography in Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension
Authors: Lützen Niklas , Barvulsky Aleman Enrique , Fung Christian , Beck Juergen , Urbach Horst 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background and Purpose
The diagnostic work-up in patients with spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) and spinal longitudinal extradural CSF collection (SLEC) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) comprises dynamic digital subtraction myelography (dDSM) in prone position for leak detection. Dynamic computed tomography (CT) myelography (dCT-M) in prone position follows if the leak is not unequivocally located. A drawback of dCT‑M is a high radiation dose. This study evaluates the diagnostic needs of dCT-M examinations and measures to reduce radiation doses.

Methods
Frequency, leak sites, length and number of spiral acquisitions, DLP and effective doses of dCT‑M were retrospectively recorded in patients with ventral dural tears.

Results
Of 42 patients with ventral dural tears, 8 underwent 11 dCT‑M when the leak was not unequivocally shown on digital subtraction myelography. The median number of spiral acquisitions was 4 (range 3–7) and the mean effective radiation dose 30.6 mSv (range 13.1–62.16 mSv) mSv. Five of eight leaks were located in the upper thoracic spine (range C7/Th1–Th2/3). Bolus tracking of intrathecal contrast agent in dCT‑M was used to limit the number and length of spiral acquisitions.

Discussion
A dCT‑M in prone position to localize a ventral dural tear is needed in every fifth patient with a SLEC on MRI. It is typically needed when the leak is located in the upper thoracic spine and when patients have broad shoulders. Measures to reduce the radiation dose include bolus tracking or to repeat the DSM with adjusted positioning of patient.
Public Mental Health: Kernstück oder Stiefkind von Public Health?
Authors: Riedel-Heller Steffi G. , Reininghaus Ulrich , Schomerus Georg 
Published: March 2023

ZusammenfassungDer vorliegende Beitrag gibt eine Übersicht zum Selbstverständnis, zu Forschungs- und Handlungsfeldern von Public Mental Health. Es wird deutlich, dass die psychische Gesundheit ein zentrales Element der Bevölkerungsgesundheit ist und eine einschlägige Wissensbasis zu diesem Themenfeld existiert. Darüber hinaus werden Entwicklungslinien des an Bedeutung gewinnenden Bereiches in Deutschland aufgezeigt. Obgleich es im Feld von Public Mental Health wichtige aktuelle Initiativen wie die Etablierung einer Mental Health Surveillance (MHS) und die Offensive Psychische Gesundheit gibt, entspricht die Positionierung im Feld nicht der bevölkerungsmedizinischen Relevanz psychischer Erkrankungen.
Die Versorgung von Menschen mit psychischen Erkrankungen in Deutschland aus Perspektive des Gesundheits- und Sozialsystems: Aktuelle Entwicklungsbedarfe
Authors: Bramesfeld Anke 
Published: March 2023

Zusammenfassung
Thema
Der Artikel gibt einen Überblick über den gegenwärtigen Stand der Versorgung von Menschen mit psychischen Erkrankungen, finanziert durch das Krankenkassen-, das Rehabilitations- und Teilhabesystem und durch die Länder. In den letzten 20 Jahren sind die Versorgungskapazitäten stetig angewachsen. 3 Bereiche mit Entwicklungsbedarfen werden näher beleuchtet: die Koordination der Versorgung für Menschen mit psychischen Erkrankungen und komplexen Hilfebedarfen, die Langzeitunterbringung von Menschen mit schweren psychischen Erkrankungen und herausforderndem Verhalten und ein zunehmender Fachkräftemangel.

Fazit
Deutschland verfügt über ein in weiten Teilen gut bis sehr gut ausgebautes psychiatrisches Versorgungssystem. Bestimmte Gruppen profitieren trotz alledem nicht von den vorhandenen Hilfen, sie finden sich unter anderem als LangzeitpatientInnen in psychiatrischen Kliniken. Modelle für eine koordinierte und ambulant orientierte Versorgung für Menschen mit schweren psychischen Erkrankungen existieren nur vereinzelt. Es mangelt insbesondere an (intensiv) aufsuchender Komplexversorgung und an sozialgesetzbuchübergreifenden Konzepten. Der Fachkräftemangel, der das gesamte Versorgungssystem für Menschen mit psychischen Erkrankungen betrifft, verlangt einen Strukturwandel hin zu stärkerer Ambulantisierung. Erste Instrumente hierfür existieren im krankenkassenfinanzierten System. Sie sollten genutzt werden.
Multi-response optimization of TIG dissimilar welding of AISI 1008 mild steel and AISI 316 stainless steel using grey-based Taguchi method
Authors: Ogbonna Okwudili Simeon , Akinlabi Akinlabi Stephen , Madushele Nkosinathi , Fatoba Olawale Samuel , Akinlabi Esther Titilayo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis article presents a reliable method of multi-performance characteristics optimization of TIG dissimilar welding of mild steel and stainless steel. Grey-integrated Taguchi optimization approach was adopted for the optimization of the welding process parameters such as the welding current, the welding voltage and the gas flow rate for multi-performance characteristics such as the ultimate tensile strength, yield strength, percentage elongation and Vickers microhardness of the fusion zone. L9 Taguchi orthogonal array was employed with three process parameters all at three levels. The welding current was the most significant process parameter for the multi-performance characteristics of the weld joint. The optimal setting for the multi-performance characteristics of the weld joint was obtained as welding current at level 1 (110 A), welding voltage at level 1 (11 V) and gas flow rate at level 3 (18 l min−1). The corresponding response variables at the optimal setting were ultimate tensile strength, yield strength, percentage elongation and Vickers microhardness of 493.29 MPa, 395.38 MPa, 31.35% and 390.52 HV respectively. These values are all found to be higher than the values obtained at the initial settings. This shows that grey-integrated Taguchi optimization is an effective method in multi-performance characteristics optimization of dissimilar welded material.
Evaluation of the role of hatch-spacing variation in a lack-of-fusion defect prediction criterion for laser-based powder bed fusion processes
Authors: Harkin Ryan , Wu Hao , Nikam Sagar , Yin Shuo , Lupoi Rocco , Walls Patrick , McKay Wilson , McFadden Shaun 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Lack of fusion (LOF) defects impact adversely on the mechanical properties of additively manufactured components produced via laser-based powder bed fusion. Following a stress-relieving heat treatment, the tensile properties and hardness of Ti6Al4V components were found to be negatively impacted by the presence of LOF defects. This work considers a geometrical-based inequality for the prediction of LOF defects. We critically evaluate an LOF criterion using both the experimentally and analytically obtained melt pool geometries. Experimentally, we determined melt pool dimensions by analysing a single-layer, multi-track deposition with oversized hatch spacing in order to establish depth and width from non-overlapping melt pools. Analytically, Rosenthal-based predictions of melt pool size (width and depth) are applied. To investigate LOF defects, we used hatch spacing as the main parameter variation to investigate defects while keeping all other controllable parameters unchanged. An original LOF criterion from the literature was found to be an adequate predictor of LOF defects when experimentally obtained melt pool geometry was used. Critically, however, the analytical expressions for melt pool geometry were found to be in error and this caused the LOF criterion to fail in predicting LOF defects in all cases where defects were observed experimentally. However, an adaptation to the LOF prediction criterion is proposed whereby it is recommended that a correction factor $${R}_{c}^{2}=0.7$$

R

c

2

=
0.7

(or $${R}_{c}=0.83$$

R
c

=
0.83

) is used with the analytically derived melt pool geometry. Furthermore, this correction is extended into the laser power versus scanning speed operating space to give minimum (corrected) line energy for LOF avoidance in Ti6Al4V components.