bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Crime Proceeds Value Threshold in Extended Confiscation in the Light of the Principles of Legality and Proportionality and Rational Penal Policy
Authors: Bikelis Skirmantas 
Published: February 2023

The article discusses the clause provided in the Lithuanian Criminal Code, which limits the court’s extended powers of confiscation in regard of crime proceeds of value less than EUR 12,500. The developing practice of the application of extended powers of confiscation in Lithuania makes this issue not only a matter of principle but also a practical one. The article analyzes to what extent such a precondition is compatible with the principle of legality and in particular the principle that rights do not arise from wrongdoing (Ex iniuria ius non oritur). Further, the author discusses the arguments justifying the discussed limitation to confiscate low-value crime proceeds – rational organisation of law enforcement resources, the principle of proportionality and a requirement of legal systematicity. The article concludes that the latter arguments are not always used accurately. The limitations of law enforcement resources ought to be regarded by providing authorities with discretion, not by limiting confiscation powers. The principle of proportionality and legal systematicity are hardly applicable in the discussion due to the specific legal nature of the confiscation powers. In parallel, the article concludes that the limitation of the minimum value of confiscatable crime proceeds is contrary to the European Union law – Directive 2014/42/EU.
Verbal derived stems and semantics of prefixed verbs in the earliest Lithuanian texts
Authors: Vanhala Otso 
Published: February 2023

This article discusses the deverbal verb derivation by the means of the prefixes in the Old Lithuanian language, basing on the corpus of about 110 primary verbs and their approximately 460 derivates attested in the Evangelijos bei epistolos (Gospels and Epistles, ViE) and the Catechism (ViC) of Baltramiejus Vilentas, with additional data from other Prussian Old Lithuanian sources up to the year 1600.
By comparing the derived verbs with their bases occurring in the Old Lithuanian texts, the co-occurring morphological and semantical changes were found out. Attention is brought on the together co-occurring morphological and semantical changes used in deriving telic verbs from their often atelic bases, e. g. the loss of infinitive formants -ė- and -o-, as in giedoti ‘to sing’→ pragysti ‘to start to sing, to start to crow’, or the ablaut change in šaukti ‘to shout’ → prašukti ‘to cry out, to exclaim’. The change in telicity can be used to classify the derived verbs into aktionsart classes (e. g. ingressive/momentaneous, delimitative). The telic ingressive/momentaneous derivatives also have the nasal infix or -st- formant in the present tense.
This article shows that the non-prefixed verbs with ingressive or momentaneous meaning of the type gysti occur extremely rarely in the oldest Lithuanian texts, and are better seen as later de-prefixed derivatives of the type pragysti, i.e. pragysti → gysti. Similarly, the derived type pragiedoti is rare in Old Lithuanian as the prefixation is usually accompanied by the shortening of the infinitive stems in the derivatives of this semantic class, leading to pragysti, although the type pragiedoti also occurs. This has led to the formal patterning of the derivatives and base verbs into two new models similar to that of degti → sudegti, the two new patterns showing only a simple prefixation: gysti → pragysti and giedoti → pragiedoti.
GPT-3: Die Zukunft studentischer Hausarbeiten oder eine Bedrohung der wissenschaftlichen Integrität?
Authors: Albrecht Inga 
Published: February 2023

Mit dem Fortschritt künstlicher Intelligenzen sind auch progressive Sprachverarbeitungsmodelle auf den Markt gekommen. GPT-3 war nach seiner Veröffentlichung das leistungsstärkste Modell seiner Zeit. Das Programm generiert Texte, die oft nicht von menschlich verfassten Inhalten zu unterscheiden sind. GPT-3s Größe und Komplexität ermöglichen es, dass es wissenschaftliche Artikel eigenständig schreiben und ausgeben kann, die laut Studien und Untersuchungen zum Bestehen von Universitätskursen ausreichen. Mit der Entwicklung solcher Künstlichen Intelligenzen, insbesondere auf Open Source-Basis, könnten Studierende in Zukunft studentische Hausarbeiten von Textgeneratoren schreiben lassen. Diese Arbeit beschäftigt sich einerseits mit dem Modell GPT-3 und seinen Fähigkeiten sowie Risiken. Andererseits wird die Frage thematisiert, wie Hochschulen und Universitäten in Zukunft mit maschinell verfassten Arbeiten umgehen können.
Aloperine inhibits RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation via suppressing the MAPK signaling pathways
Authors: Wu Xiang , Fu Caiyun , He Xuefeng , Wang Shaolei 
Published: February 2023

To figure out the molecular mechanism of aloperine (ALO) on receptor activator of nuclear factor (NF)-kappa-B (κb) ligand (RANKL)-caused osteoclast differentiation. The histopathological analysis and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining assays were applied to check the extent of bone loss of the femur. Then, the protein expressions of nitric oxide synthase 2, glutathione reductase, nuclear erythroid 2-related factor 2, heme oxygenase-1, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase 1, and catalase were checked in RAW264.7, a macrophage cell line, by enzyme-linked-immunosorbent serologic assay and Western blot analysis. Further, the TRAP staining and quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay were applied to characterize the level of RAW264.7 osteoclast differentiation. Besides, Western blot assay was used to check the protein expressions of extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and P38 in RAW264.7. Finally, ERK activation blocker U0126 was used to inhibit mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway to determine the effect of MAPK signaling pathway on RAW264.7 osteoclast differentiation. In this study, the results demonstrated that ALO could inhibit lipopolysaccharide-induced bone loss in vivo in a dose-dependent manner, with significant inhibitory effects at high doses. Further research indicated that ALO could inhibit RANKL-induced oxidative stress and osteoclast differentiation of RAW264.7. Then, ALO could inactivate MAPK signaling pathway. Finally, the results showed that inhibition of MAPK signaling pathway could increase ALO inhibition of RANKL-caused osteoclast differentiation. ALO inhibits RANKL-caused osteoclast differentiation by suppressing the MAPK signaling pathways.
Uma reflexão sobre o empoderamento da mulher a partir da experiência de um retiro de meditação budista
Authors: França Nirvana De Oliveira Moraes Galvão de , Chinaglia Magda Loureiro Motta 
Published: February 2023

A pandemia de COVID-19 afetou profundamente o cotidiano, pois seu enfrentamento impôs severas medidas de isolamento e distanciamento social. As pessoas foram confinadas nas residências e apenas profissionais de serviços essenciais mantiveram o trabalho externo. O trabalho e a educação adaptaram-se à forma remota. O trabalho feminino, já caracterizado pela dupla jornada, viu-se ampliado, os casos de violência doméstica e mortes maternas se elevaram. Neste cenário, a espiritualidade emergiu como forma de assegurar estabilidade mental, e a meditação apresentou-se como ferramenta de saúde mental e de empoderamento feminino. Para este trabalho realizou-se pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, e sobre a meditação e seu potencial de empoderamento, analisou-se o retiro virtual realizado pela Associação Buddha-Dharma entre janeiro e março de 2021.
Prevalência de saúde cardiovascular ideal na população adulta brasileira – Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde 2019
Authors: Motta Ana Carolina Souto Valente , Bousquet-Santos Kelb , Motoki Isabela Harumi Lopes , Andrade Joanlise Marco De Leon 
Published: February 2023

Objetivo: analisar a prevalência de saúde cardiovascular (SCV) ideal na população adulta brasileira. Métodos: estudo transversal com base na Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde de 2019 (n = 77.494); foram estimadas as prevalências e respectivos intervalos de confiança de 95% (IC95%) de SCV ideal (sete metas alcançadas simultaneamente) e por metas individuais (quatro metas comportamentais; três biológicas), conforme propõe a Associação Americana do Coração. Resultados: apenas 0,5% (IC95% 0,4;0,6) da população estudada apresentou SCV ideal, observando-se maior prevalência entre aqueles com maior escolaridade (1,3% – IC95% 0,9;1,6) e os residentes em áreas urbanas (0,6% – IC95% 0,5;0,7); as prevalências das metas comportamentais e biológicas foram de 0,7% (IC95% 0,6;0,8) e 63,3% (IC95% 62,7;63,9) respectivamente. Conclusão: a prevalência de SCV ideal foi muito baixa, evidenciando a necessidade de políticas públicas para promoção, vigilância e atenção à SCV na população adulta brasileira.
Capacidad de resiliencia de pequeños productores de arroz en Colombia y sus implicaciones para la Soberanía Alimentaria en el contexto pandémico
Authors: Torres Rivera Delta Argelia , Córdoba Cantero Robinson 
Published: February 2023

El presente trabajo es resultado de la colaboración entre dos tesistas comprometidos con el campo latinoamericano, interesados en realizar un análisis de la capacidad de resiliencia de pequeños productores de arroz en Colombia y sus implicaciones para la Soberanía Alimentaria ante un escenario de vulnerabilidad marcado por los efectos del cambio climático y el Tratado de Libre Comercio en la actual coyuntura de pandemia y postpandemia. Retomando los resultados del trabajo de tesis de maestría obtenidos mediante la metodología MESMIS aplicada con 50 arroceros del Departamento del Huila con base en el Enfoque de Medios de Vida Sostenibles (EMVS) y Marcos de Capitales de la Comunidad (MCC), se establecen puntos de resiliencia para tres tipos de productores y con base a algunos de los indicadores culturales de soberanía alimentaria obtenidos mediante la Investigación Acción Participativa (IAP) para tesis doctoral, se analizan las características de los tres eslabones del proceso productivo del arroz, con datos compartidos por los agricultores participantes sobre la realidad de su principal actividad económica para identificar los factores de dependencia y toma de decisiones, como pistas a considerarse para la construcción de la sostenibilidad del sistema al que pertenecen desde las realidades que viven y enfrentan cotidianamente.
Establishment yield and nutrient composition of four legumes as influenced by age of growth in a cool tropical climate at Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria
Authors: Akpensuen Theophilus Tersur , Timothy Namo Otsanjugu Aku 
Published: February 2023

An experiment was conducted with 2 temperate (Trifolium pratense and T. repens) and 2 tropical (Stylosanthes guianensis and Centrosema molle syn. C. pubescens) forage legumes in an elevated tropical environment of Jos, Nigeria to determine the influence of age of growth on forage yield and nutrient concentrations in the establishment year. The experiment was a 4 harvest times (9, 13, 17 and 21 weeks after sowing; WAS) × 4 legume species (2 temperate and 2 tropical) factorial treatment arrangement in a randomized complete block design with 4 replications, conducted in the growing seasons of 2015 and again 2016. In 2015, S. guianensis produced highest (P<0.05) dry matter yield (8.2 t DM/ha), while T. pratense produced the highest yield (3.6 t DM/ha) in 2016. In both years leaf:stem ratio decreased significantly with age. In 2016 crude protein (CP) concentration declined in all species as age at harvest increased (P<0.05), while at any given age highest CP concentration occurred in T. repens and lowest in S. guianensis (P<0.05). At any age, concentration of calcium followed the pattern T. pratense>T. repens>C. molle>S. guianensis (P<0.05), while phosphorus concentration in forage declined with age at harvest with significant (P<0.05) differences only for tropical legumes. The detergent fiber concentrations (NDF and ADF) were higher in S. guianensis (P<0.05) at any harvest stage. Non-linear regression analysis suggested that these forage legumes, when planted in early June in this environment, could be harvested at the optimum stages of 15, 16, 18 and 21 WAS for T. pratense, T. repens, S. guianensis and C. molle, respectively. However, more studies, especially with earlier planting dates, need to be conducted on the temperate legumes to determine their full yield potential in this environment, especially over a wider range of seasonal conditions.
Bioecological Study on the Sand Flies (Diptera: Psychodidae, Phlebotominae) in Sari County, North of Iran
Authors: Hosseini-Vasoukolaei Nasibeh , Ghavibazou Leila , Akhavan Amir Ahmad , Enayati Ahmad Ali , Jahanifard Elham , Fazeli-Dinan Mahmoud , Yazdani-Charati Jamshid , Nikookar Seyed Hasan , Saeidi Zahra , Shemshadian Atieh 
Published: February 2023

Background: Phlebotomine sand flies are vectors of Leishmania species, the causative agents of leishmaniasis in the world. Present study aimed to evaluate the bioecological aspects of sand flies in different ecotopes in Sari County, north of Iran.
Methods: Sand flies were collected from four villages in mountainous, forest, plain and peri-urban areas monthly using sticky traps in May–October 2016. Mounted specimens were identified using valid identification keys under optical microscope. The Arc GIS 10.5 software was applied for showing the distribution of sand flies. Shannon-Weiner, Simp­son and Evenness species diversity indices were calculated.
Results: Generally, 334 specimens were captured and identified, namelly Phlebotomus kandelakii, Ph. papatasi, Ph. major, Ph. sergenti, Ph. longiductus, Ph. halepensis, Ph. tobbi, Sergentomyia dentata, Se. theodori, Se. sintoni, Se. an­tennata and Se. sumbarica. The most common species was Ph. kandelakii (n= 128, 38.32 %). The highest Simpson in­dex (0.81) and abundance (N= 141) were recorded in the mountaineous area. Shannon diversity index was higher in the forest (H'= 1.53) and the highest evenness index was in the plain area (J'= 0.93). The highest richness (S= 9) and Shan­non indices (H'= 1.57) were observed in June.
Conclusions: Phlebotomus kandelakii, Ph. sergenti, Ph. tobbi, Ph. longiductus, Se. theodori, Se. antennata and Se. sumbarica were recorded for the first time in the study area. Since some species are incriminated for leishmaniasis transmission, further studies are required in the northern regions of Iran to timely control measures planning.
(?)REPTILE COPROLITES FROM THE CAMPANIAN AND MAASTRICHTIAN (LATE CRETACEOUS) OF THE LUHANSK REGION
Authors: Dernov V. S. , Udovychenko M. I. 
Published: February 2023

Problem Statement and Purpose. Vertebrate coprolites have important paleobiological and paleogeographical significance. They are quite common trace fossils, but have almost never attracted the attention of researchers, despite the fact that in the literature there are numerous references to the findings of vertebrate coprolites in the Mesozoic and Cenozoic deposits of Ukraine. The aims of this study are to describe the morphology of coprolites, compare them with morphologically similar vertebrate coprolites, and identify their potential producers.
Data & Methods. Two well-preserved specimens of the vertebrate coprolites(Morphotype A and Morphotype B) were found in sediments of the late Campanian Sydorove Formation and early Maastrichtian Konoplyanivka Formation of the northern part of the Donets Basin.
Results. Chondrichthyes fishes are excluded from the list of potential producers of coprolites due to the absence of spiral grooves on the surface of a more wellpreserved coprolite and the spiral pattern on its transverse section. These coprolites differ from coprolites of crocodiles in shape, but are close to them in size. One of the coprolites (Morphotype A) probably belongs to a marine reptile of the family Mosasauridae. Mosasaurids were large marine reptiles that appeared and flourishedin the Late Cretaceous (Turonian-Maastrichtian). The morphology of mosasaurids confirms their adaptation to active swimming. They fed mainly on fish, mollusks and other marine reptiles. It was not possible to identify the systematic position of the coprolite producer of Morphotype B. Skeletal remains of mosasaurids are known in the Campanian and Maastrichtian sediments of the Donets Basin. The study results showed that coprolites are important for paleoecological studies, so they deserve a detailed study.
Educação Ambiental Crítica, Educação Popular e Permanência: conceitos fundamentais na ação educativa com os sujeitos da vigília cidadã do PEA-TP
Authors: Fernandes Coelho Lemos Suely , Martinez Silvia 
Published: February 2023

O artigo objetiva analisar temas fundantes da ação educativa desenvolvida pelo projeto Territórios do Petróleo, do Programa de Educação Ambiental da Bacia de Campos (PEA-TP) com ênfase na permanência dos sujeitos ao projeto. As ações desenvolvidas pelo projeto têm como fundamento teórico e metodológico a Educação Ambiental crítica e a Educação Popular. Nesse sentido, fundamentar e situar a pesquisa nesse campo e compreender os sentidos do termo permanência, num exercício de aproximação de tal conceito às ações educativas do PEA-TP, exigiu pesquisa em profundidade. Para tal percorremos a pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. O estudo confirma que a perspectiva crítica da Educação Ambiental e os princípios da Educação Popular são caminhos teóricos-metodológicos adequados às ações educativas que estimulam a permanência dos sujeitos na construção de conhecimentos que os qualifiquem para o controle social sobre a gestão pública dos recursos dos royalties.

Palavras-chaves: Educação Ambiental crítica; Educação Popular; Permanência
Sudden single-sided hearing loss. Disease analysis
Authors:   Saint Petersburg Research Institute of Ear, Throat, Nose and Speech, Saint Petersburg, 190013, Russia, Shcherbakova Ya. L. , Megrelishvili S. M. ,   Saint Petersburg Research Institute of Ear, Throat, Nose and Speech, Saint Petersburg, 190013, Russia, Shaporova A. V. ,   Saint Petersburg Research Institute of Ear, Throat, Nose and Speech, Saint Petersburg, 190013, Russia
Published: February 2023

Sudden sensorineural hearing loss is still a difficult task for many specialists, not only due to the fact that in most cases the cause of the disease cannot be identified but also due to the lack of effective methods of treatment and rehabilitation. Objective. To assess the etiology, prevalence, structure, and gender aspects of sudden single-sided sensorineural hearing loss. Material and methods. A retrospective review of outpatient records to identify patients with single-sided sudden sensorineural hearing loss for subsequent detailed analysis of the data obtained. The main inclusion criteria were age over 18 years, single-sided hearing loss with perception thresholds corresponding to the IV degree of hearing loss/deafness (according to the unified WHO classification, 1997), sensorineural type of hearing loss, and sudden onset of the disease. Results. A study group was formed consisting of 82 patients with sudden single-sided sensorineural hearing loss. An analysis was made of the main etiological factors, prevalence, structure, and gender aspects of this pathological condition. Conclusions. It was found that sudden unilateral SNT is diagnosed on average in 3.2% of cases, is predominantly idiopathic in nature, manifests itself in the 4th–5th decade of life, has no gender differences, but is characterized by a more frequent lesion of the left ear.
Niveau de Recherche de Sensations et Comportement D’alcoolisation chez des Adolescents en Milieu Scolaire a Abidjan
Authors: Albertine Kouakou Ahou , Osséi Kouakou , Isidore Tra bi Tra 
Published: February 2023

Cette étude analyse la relation entre le niveau de recherche de sensations et le comportement d’alcoolisation chez des adolescents en milieu scolaire à Abidjan. Pour ce faire, deux-cent-quarante (240) participants dont l’âge est compris entre 12 et 19 ans, issus du Lycée Moderne Adjamé Harris, du Lycée International l’Ardoise sis à la Riviera dans la commune de Cocody et du groupe scolaire Sainte Adjoua la Fadette de Yopougon ont pris part à l’enquête. Ils ont été soumis, au test de mesure de la recherche de sensations (AISS) de Arnett (1994) pour évaluer leur niveau de recherche de sensations. Les comportements d’alcoolisation ont été déterminés par le questionnaire (ADOSPA) de Knight & al (2002) ainsi qu’un guide d’entretien. Les résultats indiquent que les adolescents dont le niveau de recherche de sensations est élevé manifestent un comportement d’alcoolisation autothérapeutique en association avec d’autres substances psychoactives pour répondre à leur besoin physiologique contrairement à leurs homologues qui ont un niveau de recherche de sensations faible. Cette étude pourrait servir à la réglementation de l’accès, la vente et la consommation des boissons alcoolisées. Notamment la réduction des espaces habilités à vendre l’alcool, l’interdiction d’achat d’alcool au moins de 18 ans et la limitation des publicités sur l’alcool.

This study analyzes the relationship between the level of sensation seeking and drinking behavior in adolescents in school in Abidjan. To do this, two hundred and forty (240) participants aged between 12 and 19, from the Lycée Moderne Adjamé Harris, the Lycée International l'Ardoise located on the Riviera in the town of Cocody and the group Sainte Adjoua la Fadette school in Yopougon took part in the investigation. They were subjected to the Arnett (1994) Sensation Seeking Measurement Test (ISSA) to assess their level of sensation seeking. Drinking behaviors were determined by the questionnaire (ADOSPA) of Knight & al (2002) as well as an interview guide. The results indicate that adolescents with a high level of sensation-seeking demonstrate self-medicating drinking behavior in combination with other psychoactive substances to meet their physiological needs, unlike their counterparts with a low level of sensation-seeking. This study could be used to regulate the access, sale, and consumption of alcoholic beverages. In particular the reduction of spaces authorized to sell alcohol, the prohibition of the purchase of alcohol at least 18 years old, and the limitation of alcohol advertisements.
Efficacy of Adaptation of Smallholder Maize Production to Climate Variability in Selected Countries of Kenya
Authors: Kabara Millicent , Onono-Okelo Perez Ayieko , Etyang Martin N. 
Published: February 2023

Maize is a staple food for 96 percent of Kenyans. Smallholders supply up to 75 percent of maize produced in Kenya but are affected by unpredictable timing, duration, and distribution of rainfall, especially during the growing season. To enhance maize productivity adoption of robust adaptation measures is vital. The study aimed to evaluate the level of efficacy of adaptation of smallholder maize production to climate variability in Kitui and Laikipia counties. Data from 273 smallholder maize producers drawn from Kitui and Laikipia counties was analyzed. A questionnaire was administered to collect data on demographic, socio-economic characteristics, and adaptation choices. The level of efficacy of adaptation was derived based on the Multiple Criteria Evaluation. Results showed that the majority of smallholders in the study (47 percent) reported a low level of efficacy of adaptation most of whom were from Laikipia County (54 percent) as compared to Kitui County (44 percent). Overall, a very small proportion of smallholders reported a high level of efficacy of adaptation (7 percent). The study concluded that the level of efficacy of adaptation of smallholder maize production to climate variability in semi-arid areas was low. The County Governments through the department of agriculture and environment could establish guidelines for a robust combination of adaptation choices to ensure the suitability and enhancement of maize production.