bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The advance of magnetic diagnostics system in support of EAST long-pulsed operation
Authors: CHEN 陈 Dalong 大龙 , SHEN 沈 Biao 飊 , SHI 石 Tonghui 同辉 , GUO 郭 Bihao 笔豪 , LI 李 Tingyu 婷玉 , CHEN 陈 Lixing 力行 , XUE 薛 Minmin 敏敏 , CHU 楚 Nan 南 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In EAST long-pulsed discharge (hundreds of seconds), electric magnetic diagnosis (EMD) is very important, since EMD not only monitors tokamak security status but also provides accurate measurement accuracy for reconstruction of the plasma boundary. To avoid current measurement drift, a fiber optic current sensor, based on the Faraday effect, is developed and used for poloidal and plasma current feedback control for the first time, relative current measurement accuracy is within 0.5%. To ensure plasma boundary control accuracy, a detailed set of magnetic measurement calibration methods is developed before the plasma discharge. The maximum relative error is less than 1%, the corresponding control accuracy is within 1 cm. To minimize integrator drift error, a long-pulse integrator test is essential, the corresponding drift error needs to be subtracted in plasma control system. Besides, the saddle coil and Mirnov coil not only help to detect MHD issues, but are also utilized for plasma disruption prediction during the long-pulse discharge.
Milnor operations and classifying spaces
Authors: Kameko Masaki 
Published: July 2023

We give an example of a nonzero odd degree element of the classifying space of a connected Lie group such that all higher Milnor operations vanish on it. It is a counterexample of a conjecture of Kono and Yagita [Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 339 (1993), pp. 781–798].
An anomaly arising in the analysis of processes with more than one source of variability
Authors: Battey H S , McCullagh Peter 
Published: July 2023

Summary
It is frequently observed in practice that the Wald statistic gives a poor assessment of the statistical significance of a variance component. This paper provides detailed analytic insight into the phenomenon by way of two simple models, which point to an atypical geometry as the source of the aberration. The latter can in principle be checked numerically to cover situations of arbitrary complexity, such as those arising from elaborate forms of blocking in an experimental context, or models for longitudinal or clustered data. The salient point, echoing Dickey (2020), is that a suitable likelihood-ratio test should always be used for the assessment of variance components.
Safety and efficacy of amlitelimab, a fully human nondepleting, noncytotoxic anti-OX40 ligand monoclonal antibody, in atopic dermatitis: results of a phase IIa randomized placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Weidinger Stephan , Bieber Thomas , Cork Michael J , Reich Adam , Wilson Rosamund , Quaratino Sonia , Stebegg Marisa , Brennan Nuala , Gilbert Sally , O’Malley John T , Porter-Brown Ben 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is an inflammatory skin disease with significant unmet need. Blockade of the OX40–OX40 ligand (OX40L) costimulation pathway by targeting OX40L on antigen-presenting cells (APCs) with a fully human noncytotoxic, nondepleting anti-OX40L monoclonal antibody (amlitelimab; SAR445229; KY1005) is a novel way to modulate persistent inflammation.

Objectives
To assess the safety and efficacy of amlitelimab over 16 weeks in adults with AD in a phase IIa double-blind placebo-controlled study.

Methods
The study was conducted at 19 hospitals in Germany, Poland, Spain and the UK. Eligible patients with moderate-to-severe AD were randomized (1 : 1 : 1) to low-dose intravenous (IV) amlitelimab (200 mg), high-dose IV amlitelimab (500 mg) or placebo, followed by three maintenance doses (50% of loading dose) at 4, 8 and 12 weeks, with safety follow-up to week 36. The co-primary endpoints were the incidence of treatment-emergent adverse events (all patients who received ≥ 1 dose of the study drug) and mean percentage change in Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) to week 16 (full analysis set).

Results
Between 13 December 2018 and 12 May 2020, 89 patients were randomly assigned to low- (n = 29) or high-dose amlitelimab (n = 30) or placebo (n = 29), of whom 88 proceeded to treatment [37 women (42%), 51 (58%) men; mean (SD) age 33.6 (11.9) years]. Amlitelimab was generally well tolerated with an unremarkable safety profile; no hypersensitivity events were reported. For the primary endpoint, the least square mean percentage change in EASI from baseline to week 16 was –80.12% [95% confidence interval (CI) –95.55 to –64.68; P = 0.009 vs. placebo] and –69.97% (95% CI –85.04 to –54.60; P = 0.07 vs. placebo) for the low- (n = 27) and high-dose (n = 27) amlitelimab groups, respectively, vs. –49.37% (95% CI –66.02 to –32.72) for placebo (n = 24). Numerically greater reductions in EASI were observed for amlitelimab vs. placebo from weeks 2 to 16.

Conclusions
Novel targeting of OX40L-expressing APCs with amlitelimab was well tolerated and resulted in clinically meaningful improvements in AD.
Opportunistic salpingectomy during non-gynaecological surgery in the United States: a population-based retrospective study
Authors: Cathcart Ann M , Harrison Ross , Luccarelli James 
Published: July 2023

Lay Summary
The most common type of ovarian cancer likely begins in the fallopian tubes. Surgically removing the fallopian tubes decreases a person’s risk of ovarian cancer. ‘Opportunistic salpingectomy’ refers to the removal of the fallopian tubes during surgery that is done for other reasons. Opportunistic salpingectomy is commonly done during hysterectomy. The types of other surgery performed together with opportunistic salpingectomy in the USA were analysed in the present study. Opportunistic salpingectomy was found to be done at the time of bariatric surgery, bowel surgery, hernia repair, gallbladder surgery, and breast surgery. Offering opportunistic salpingectomy to all women who are scheduled for those types of surgeries could lead to between 3600 and 5800 fewer deaths from ovarian cancer in the USA per year.
A Machine Learning Framework Identifies Plastid-Encoded Proteins Harboring C3 and C4 Distinguishing Sequence Information
Authors: Yogadasan Nilanth , Doxey Andrew C , Chuong Simon D X 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
C4 photosynthesis is known to have at least 61 independent origins across plant lineages making it one of the most notable examples of convergent evolution. Of the &gt;60 independent origins, a predicted 22–24 origins, encompassing greater than 50% of all known C4 species, exist within the Panicoideae, Arundinoideae, Chloridoideae, Micrairoideae, Aristidoideae, and Danthonioideae (PACMAD) clade of the Poaceae family. This clade is therefore primed with species ideal for the study of genomic changes associated with the acquisition of the C4 photosynthetic trait. In this study, we take advantage of the growing availability of sequenced plastid genomes and employ a machine learning (ML) approach to screen for plastid genes harboring C3 and C4 distinguishing information in PACMAD species. We demonstrate that certain plastid-encoded protein sequences possess distinguishing and informative sequence information that allows them to train accurate ML C3/C4 classification models. Our RbcL-trained model, for example, informs a C3/C4 classifier with greater than 99% accuracy. Accurate prediction of photosynthetic type from individual sequences suggests biologically relevant, and potentially differing roles of these sequence products in C3 versus C4 metabolism. With this ML framework, we have identified several key sequences and sites that are most predictive of C3/C4 status, including RbcL, subunits of the NAD(P)H dehydrogenase complex, and specific residues within, further highlighting their potential significance in the evolution and/or maintenance of C4 photosynthetic machinery. This general approach can be applied to uncover intricate associations between other similar genotype-phenotype relationships.
COL11A2 as a candidate gene for vertebral malformations and congenital scoliosis
Authors: Rebello Denise , Wohler Elizabeth , Erfani Vida , Li Guozhuang , Aguilera Alexya N , Santiago-Cornier Alberto , Zhao Sen , Hwang Steven W , Steiner Robert D , Zhang Terry Jianguo , Gurnett Christina A , Raggio Cathleen , Wu Nan , Sobreira Nara , Giampietro Philip F , Ciruna Brian 
Published: July 2023

AbstractHuman vertebral malformations (VMs) have an estimated incidence of 1/2000 and are associated with significant health problems including congenital scoliosis (CS) and recurrent organ system malformation syndromes such as VACTERL (vertebral anomalies; anal abnormalities; cardiac abnormalities; tracheo-esophageal fistula; renal anomalies; limb anomalies). The genetic cause for the vast majority of VMs are unknown. In a CS/VM patient cohort, three COL11A2 variants (R130W, R1407L and R1413H) were identified in two patients with cervical VM. A third patient with a T9 hemivertebra and the R130W variant was identified from a separate study. These substitutions are predicted to be damaging to protein function, and R130 and R1407 residues are conserved in zebrafish Col11a2. To determine the role for COL11A2 in vertebral development, CRISPR/Cas9 was used to create a nonsense mutation (col11a2L642*) as well as a full gene locus deletion (col11a2del) in zebrafish. Both col11a2L642*/L642* and col11a2del/del mutant zebrafish exhibit vertebral fusions in the caudal spine, which form due to mineralization across intervertebral segments. To determine the functional consequence of VM-associated variants, we assayed their ability to suppress col11a2del VM phenotypes following transgenic expression within the developing spine. While wildtype col11a2 expression suppresses fusions in col11a2del/+ and col11a2del/del backgrounds, patient missense variant-bearing col11a2 failed to rescue the loss-of-function phenotype in these animals. These results highlight an essential role for COL11A2 in vertebral development and support a pathogenic role for two missense variants in CS.
The Index With Respect to a Rigid Subcategory of a Triangulated Category
Authors: Jørgensen Peter , Shah Amit 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Palu defined the index with respect to a cluster tilting object in a suitable triangulated category, in order to better understand the Caldero–Chapoton map that exhibits the connection between cluster algebras and representation theory. We push this further by proposing an index with respect to a contravariantly finite, rigid subcategory, and we show this index behaves similarly to the classical index. Let ${\mathcal{C}}$ be a skeletally small triangulated category with split idempotents, which is thus an extriangulated category $({\mathcal{C}},{\mathbb{E}},{\mathfrak{s}})$. Suppose ${\mathcal{X}}$ is a contravariantly finite, rigid subcategory of ${\mathcal{C}}$. We define the index $ {\operatorname{\textrm{ind}}}{_{{\mathcal{X}}}}(C)$ of an object $C\in{\mathcal{C}}$ with respect to ${\mathcal{X}}$ as the $ {K}{_{0}}$-class $[C {]}{_{{\mathcal{X}}}}$ in Grothendieck group $ {K}{_{0}}({\mathcal{C}}, {{\mathbb{E}}}{_{{\mathcal{X}}}}, {{\mathfrak{s}}}{_{{\mathcal{X}}}})$ of the relative extriangulated category $({\mathcal{C}}, {{\mathbb{E}}}{_{{\mathcal{X}}}}, {{\mathfrak{s}}}{_{{\mathcal{X}}}})$. By analogy to the classical case, we give an additivity formula with error term for $ {\operatorname{\textrm{ind}}}{_{{\mathcal{X}}}}$ on triangles in ${\mathcal{C}}$. In case ${\mathcal{X}}$ is contained in another suitable subcategory ${\mathcal{T}}$ of ${\mathcal{C}}$, there is a surjection $Q\colon{K}{_{0}}({\mathcal{C}}, {{\mathbb{E}}}{_{{\mathcal{T}}}}, {{\mathfrak{s}}}{_{{\mathcal{T}}}}) \twoheadrightarrow{K}{_{0}}({\mathcal{C}}, {{\mathbb{E}}}{_{{\mathcal{X}}}}, {{\mathfrak{s}}}{_{{\mathcal{X}}}})$. Thus, in order to describe $ {K}{_{0}}({\mathcal{C}}, {{\mathbb{E}}}{_{{\mathcal{X}}}}, {{\mathfrak{s}}}{_{{\mathcal{X}}}})$, it suffices to determine $ {K}{_{0}}({\mathcal{C}}, {{\mathbb{E}}}{_{{\mathcal{T}}}}, {{\mathfrak{s}}}{_{{\mathcal{T}}}})$ and $\operatorname{Ker}\nolimits Q$. We do this under certain assumptions.
Intergenerational Effects of Lay Beliefs: How Parents’ Unhealthy = Tasty Intuition Influences Their Children’s Food Consumption and Body Mass Index
Authors: Briers Barbara , Huh Young Eun , Chan Elaine , Mukhopadhyay Anirban 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Childhood obesity is a major problem worldwide and a key contributor to adult obesity. This research explores caregivers’ lay beliefs and food parenting practices, and their long-term, intergenerational effects on their children’s food consumption and physiology. First, a cross-cultural survey reveals the link between parents’ belief that tasty food is unhealthy and the use of extrinsic rewards to encourage their children to eat healthily, with adverse downstream consequences for the children’s body mass indices. Next, two studies demonstrate the mechanism by which this strategy backfires, as providing extrinsic rewards ironically increases children’s unhealthy food consumption, which in turn leads to an increase in their body mass indices. The final two studies demonstrate potential solutions for public policy and health practitioners, either by manipulating “unhealthy = tasty” beliefs directly or by breaking the association between these food beliefs and the use of extrinsic rewards through an intervention.
Homoharringtonine sensitizes pancreatic cancer to erlotinib by direct targeting and miRNA-130b-3p-mediated EphB4-JAK2-STAT3 axis
Authors: Sarwar Ammar , Zhu Zeren , Zhu Man , Tang Xiaoyu , Su Qi , Yang Tianfeng , Tang Wenjun , Zhang Yanmin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a very lethal malignancy with a scarcity of treatment options. Although erlotinib- and gemcitabine-based treatments have been approved for PC, their effectiveness is limited. The present study is aimed at exploring the molecular and epigenetic mechanisms of anticancer activities of homoharringtonine (HHT) and its interaction with erlotinib to develop a potential therapeutic strategy for PC.

Methods
The RT-qPCR, western blotting, immunofluorescence and expression-vectors and oligonucleotide transfection were employed to determine the expression characteristics of onco-factors. Anticancer activities were determined by MTT, colony forming, and flowcytometric analysis. Dual luciferase assay was conducted to confirm putative target of miR-130b-3p. In-vivo experiments were followed by immunohistochemical assay.

Key findings
The EphB4/JAK2/STAT3 pathway drives the growth and proliferation of PC through induction of prosurvival factors and cell cycle mediators. HHT directly and epigenetically via miR-130b-3p targets EphB4, leading to downregulation of JAK2/STAT3 pathway. The inactivation of STAT3 results in diminution of antiapoptotic factors and cell cycle mediators. HHT also enhances the anticancer activity of erlotinib.

Conclusions
HHT demonstrates potential anticancer activities in PC by downregulating EphB4/JAK2/STAT3 signalling. HHT also produces synergistic effects with erlotinib.
Tracing the transmission of mpox through wastewater surveillance in Southeast Asia
Authors: Wannigama Dhammika Leshan , Amarasiri Mohan , Phattharapornjaroen Phatthranit , Hurst Cameron , Modchang Charin , Chadsuthi Sudarat , Anupong Suparinthon , Miyanaga Kazuhiko , Cui Longzhu , Thuptimdang Wanwara , Ali Hosseini Rad S M , Fernandez Stefan , Huang Angkana T , Vatanaprasan Porames , Jay Dylan John , Saethang Thammakorn , Luk-in Sirirat , Storer Robin James , Ounjai Puey , Ragupathi Naveen Kumar Devanga , Kanthawee Phitsanuruk , Sano Daisuke , Furukawa Takashi , Sei Kazunari , Leelahavanichkul Asada , Kanjanabuch Talerngsak , Higgins Paul G , Nanbo Asuka , Kicic Anthony , Singer Andrew C , Chatsuwan Tanittha , Trowsdale Sam , Siow Richard , Shibuya Kenji , Abe Shuichi , Ishikawa Hitoshi , Hongsing Parichart 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
High population density and tourism in Southeast Asia increase the risk of mpox due to frequent interpersonal contacts. Our wastewater surveillance in six Southeast Asian countries revealed positive signals for Monkeypox virus (MPXV) DNA, indicating local transmission. This alerts clinicians and helps allocate resources like testing, vaccines and therapeutics in resource-limited countries.
Eccentricity dynamics of wide binaries – I. The effect of Galactic tides
Authors: Modak Shaunak , Hamilton Chris 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
A major puzzle concerning the wide stellar binaries (semimajor axes a ≳ 103 au) in the Solar neighbourhood is the origin of their observed superthermal eccentricity distribution function (DF), which is well approximated by P(e) ∝ eα with α ≈ 1.3. This DF evolves under the combined influence of (i) tidal torques from the Galactic disc and (ii) scattering by passing stars, molecular clouds, and substructure. Recently, it was demonstrated that Galactic tides alone cannot produce a superthermal eccentricity DF from an initially isotropic, non-superthermal one, under the restrictive assumptions that the eccentricity DF was initially of power-law form and then was rapidly phase-mixed toward a steady state by the tidal perturbation. In this paper, we first prove analytically that this conclusion is valid at all times, regardless of these assumptions. We then adopt a thin Galactic disc model and numerically integrate the equations of motion for several ensembles of tidally perturbed wide binaries to study the time evolution in detail. We find that even non-power-law DFs can be described by an effective power-law index αeff which accurately characterizes both their initial and final states, and that a DF with initial (effective or exact) power-law index αi is transformed by Galactic tides into another power law with index αf ≈ (1 + αi)/2 on a time-scale $\sim 4\, \mathrm{Gyr}\, (a/10^4\mathrm{AU})^{-3/2}$. In a companion paper, we investigate separately the effect of stellar scattering. As the GAIA data continues to improve, these results will place strong constraints on wide binary formation channels.
Discovery of periodic hot subdwarf variables through a systematic search in Zwicky Transient Facility data
Authors: Wang Kevin , Kupfer Thomas , Barlow Brad N 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
We conduct a systematic search for periodic variables in the hot subdwarf catalogue using data from the Zwicky Transient Facility. We present the classification of 67 HW Vir binaries, 496 reflection effect, pulsation or rotation sinusoids, 11 eclipsing signals, and 4 ellipsoidally modulated binaries. Of these, 486 are new discoveries that have not been previously published including a new mass-transferring hot subdwarf binary candidate. These sources were determined by applying the Lomb–Scargle and box least squares periodograms along with manual inspection. We calculated variability statistics on all periodic sources, and compared our results to traditional methods of determining astrophysical variability. We find that ≈60 per cent of variable targets, mostly sinusoidal variability, would have been missed using a traditional varindex cut. Most HW Virs, eclipsing systems, and all ellipsoidal variables were recovered with a varindex &gt;0.02. We also find a significant reddening effect, with some variable hot subdwarfs meshing with the main-sequence stripe in the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram. Examining the positions of the variable stars in Galactic coordinates, we discover a higher proportion of variable stars within |b| &lt; 25° of the Galactic plane, suggesting that the Galactic plane may be fertile grounds for future discoveries if photometric surveys can effectively process the clustered field.
Effect of belimumab on kidney-related outcomes in patients with lupus nephritis: post hoc subgroup analyses of the phase 3 BLISS-LN trial
Authors: Anders Hans-Joachim , Furie Richard , Malvar Ana , Zhao Ming-Hui , Hiromura Keiju , Weinmann-Menke Julia , Green Yulia , Jones-Leone Angela , Negrini Daniela , Levy Roger A , Lightstone Liz , Tanaka Yoshiya , Rovin Brad H 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background
Data on belimumab efficacy in patients with lupus nephritis (LN) according to diagnosis duration or induction therapy are limited. Post hoc analyses of the phase 3, randomized, double-blind BLISS-LN study (GSK BEL114054; NCT01639339) were performed to assess belimumab efficacy on kidney-related outcomes in newly diagnosed and relapsed LN subgroups and according to the use of glucocorticoid (GC) pulses at induction.

Methods
BLISS-LN randomized 448 patients with active LN to monthly intravenous belimumab 10 mg/kg or placebo plus standard therapy. Post hoc analyses assessed primary efficacy renal response (PERR) and complete renal response (CRR) at week 104, time to kidney-related event or death and time to first LN flare from week 24 in newly diagnosed and relapsed patients and patients with/without GC pulses at induction.

Results
A greater proportion of patients achieved a PERR with belimumab versus placebo in the newly diagnosed {69/148 [46.6%] versus 55/148 [37.2%]; odds ratio [OR] 1.36 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.85–2.20]} and relapsed [27/75 (36.0%) versus 17/75 (22.7%); OR 2.31 (95% CI 1.07–5.01)] subgroups. Similarly for CRR [newly diagnosed: 50/148 (33.8%) versus 36/148 (24.3%); OR 1.49 (95% CI 0.88–2.51) and relapsed: 17/75 (22.7%) versus 8/75 (10.7%); OR 3.11 (95% CI 1.16–8.31)]. The probability of kidney-related event or death, or LN flare was lower with belimumab versus placebo in both subgroups. Belimumab was associated with improved kidney outcomes versus placebo with or without GC pulses at induction.

Conclusion
Data suggest consistent benefits of belimumab on kidney outcomes for newly diagnosed and relapsed patients, and irrespective of GC pulses at induction.
TERT Promoter Mutations Frequency Across Race, Sex, and Cancer Type
Authors: El Zarif Talal , Machaalani Marc , Nawfal Rashad , Nassar Amin H , Xie Wanling , Choueiri Toni K , Pomerantz Mark 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
Telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) gene promoter mutations have been explored, as biomarkers of improved survival for patients with cancer receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors. We sought to investigate their prevalence by race and sex across different cancer types to inform patient selection in clinical trials.

Results
In this observational study, 31 925 patients with cancer underwent next-generation sequencing of their tumors with 88% (27 970) patients self-reported being Whites, 7.1% (2273) Asians, and 5.3% (1682) Blacks. Examining the distribution of TERT promoter mutations by race, White patients with melanoma harbored more TERT promoter mutations than Asian and Black patients (OR = 25.83; 95%CI, 6.84-217.42; P &lt; .001). In contrast, Asian patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) harbored more TERT promoter mutations compared to White patients (OR = 2.47; 95%CI, 1.39-4.37; P = .004). In addition, the distribution of TERT promoter mutations differed by sex. Males were enriched for TERT gene promoter mutations compared to females with melanoma (OR = 1.82; 95%CI, 1.53-2.16; P &lt; .001), cancer of unknown primary (OR = 1.96; 95%CI, 1.43-2.69; P &lt; .001), hepatobiliary (OR = 3.89; 95%CI, 2.65-5.69; P &lt; .001), and thyroid cancers (OR = 1.42; 95%CI, 1.10-1.84; P = .0087), while females were more enriched for TERT promoter mutations compared to males for HNC (OR = 0.56; 95%CI, 0.39-0.81; P = .0021).

Conclusions
The prevalence of TERT gene promoter mutations varies among patients with cancer based on race and sex. These findings inform our understanding of cancer biology and can assist in the design of future clinical trials that leverage drugs targeting TERT promoter dependencies.