bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Associations between intrinsic capacity, functional difficulty, and fall outcomes among older adults in India
Authors: Muneera K. , Muhammad T. , Pai Manacy , Ahmed Waquar , Althaf S. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe construct of intrinsic capacity (IC) in the context of integrated care for older adults emphasizes functional assessment from a holistic perspective. It provides reliable and comparable insights on subsequent functioning and disability. Given the paucity of research on IC and health outcomes in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), the present study examined the association of IC with geriatric conditions of functional limitations and multiple fall outcomes among older adults in India. The data used for analysis come from the first wave of the Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI), 2017–2018. The final sample size contains 24,136 older adults (11,871 males and 12,265 females) age 60 years or above. Multivariable binary logistic regression is employed to examine the association of IC and other explanatory factors with outcome variables of difficulty in activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), falls, fall injury, and multiple falls. Of the total sample, 24.56% of older adults were observed to be in the high IC category. The prevalence of ADL difficulty, IADL difficulty, falls, multiple falls and fall-related injury is estimated to be 19.89%, 45.00%, 12.36%, 5.49% and 5.57%, respectively. Older adults who reported high IC had a significantly lower prevalence of ADL difficulty (12.26% vs 22.38%) and IADL difficulty (31.13% vs 49.52%) than those who reported low IC. Similarly, a lower prevalence of falls (9.42% vs 13.34%), fall-related injury (4.10% vs 6.06%) and multiple falls (3.46% vs 6.16%) were reported among those who had high IC. After adjusting for a large number of confounders such as age, sex, health-related attributes and lifestyle behaviors, older adults with high IC had significantly lower odds of ADL difficulty [aOR: 0.63, CI: 0.52–0.76], IADL difficulty [aOR: 0.71, CI: 0.60–0.83], falls [aOR: 0.80, CI: 0.67–0.96], multiple falls [aOR: 0.73, CI: 0.58–0.96] and fall-related injury [aOR: 0.78, CI: 0.61–0.99]. That a high IC was independently associated with a lower risk of functional difficulty and fall outcomes in later life is of enormous value in predicting subsequent functional care needs. More specifically, the findings here imply that because regular IC monitoring can predict poor health outcomes in older adults, improvements in IC should be prioritized while formulating disability and fall prevention strategies.
Electro-optical properties of strained monolayer boron phosphide
Authors: Mortezaei Nobahari Mohammad 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we use tight-binding approximation and linear response theory to study the electronic and optical properties of strained monolayer boron-phosphide (h-BP). Compared with the previous DFT study and adding on-site energy variation to the Hamiltonian, we propose a theoretical approach to investigate the strain effects on the electronic and optical properties of the h-BP. Applying tensile strain increases the gap while compressive strain reduces it as the maximum and minimum of the gap are 1.45 eV and 1.14 eV respectively and are related to the biaxial strain. Also, we investigate the optical conductivity and electron energy loss spectrum (EELS) of the pristine and strained h-BP. The absorption peak of the $$\Re\sigma_{xx,yy}$$

ℜ

σ

x
x
,
y
y

appears in energy about 4 eV but applying strain shifts the peak’s energy. Optical properties of pristine h-BP are isotopic and biaxial strain preserves this isotropy, but uniaxial strain exerts anisotropic behavior in the system.
The mismatch negativity to abstract relationship of tone pairs is independent of attention
Authors: Hsu Yi-Fang , Tu Chia-An , Chen Yuchun , Liu Huei-Mei 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe mismatch negativity (MMN) implicating a comparison process between the deviant and the memory trace of the standard can be elicited by not only changes in physical features but also violations of abstract patterns. It is considered pre-attentive, yet the use of the passive design makes it difficult to exclude the possibility of attention leak. In contrast to how this issue has been well addressed with the MMN to physical changes, much less research directly investigated the attentional effect on the MMN to abstract relationships. Here we conducted an electroencephalography (EEG) experiment to study whether and how the MMN to abstract relationships is modulated by attention. We adapted the oddball paradigm of Kujala et al. by presenting occasional descending tone pairs among frequent ascending tone pairs, while additionally implementing a novel control of attention. Participants’ attention was either directed away from the sounds (with an engaging task of visual target detection, so that the sounds were task-irrelevant) or toward the sounds (with a conventional task of auditory deviant detection, so that the sounds were task-relevant). The MMN to abstract relationships appeared regardless of attention, confirming the pre-attentive assumption. The attention-independence of the frontocentral and supratemporal components of the MMN supported the notion that attention is not required to generate the MMN. At the individual level, a relatively equal number of participants showed attention enhancement and attention suppression. It is unlike the attentional modulation on the P3b, which was robustly elicited in the attended condition only. The concurrent collection of these two neurophysiological markers in both unattended and attended conditions might be potentially suitable for testing clinical populations showing heterogeneous deficits in auditory function independent/dependent of attention.
Carbon stocks of particle board and fiberboard in Japan
Authors: Kayo Chihiro , Sanjo Kotoko , Sato Issei , Liu Mengyuan , Prasetyadi Gianova Vierry , Hirahara Suguru 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe carbon stock function of harvested wood products (HWPs) is attracting attention among climate change countermeasures. Among HWPs, particle board (PB) and fiberboard (FB) mainly use recycled materials. This study estimated carbon stocks of PB and FB and their annual changes over the past 70 years in Japan using three methods of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change guidelines: Tiers 1–3. Tier 1 uses first order decay (FOD), a 25-year half-life, and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations database. Tier 2 uses FOD, a 25-year half-life, and Japan-specific statistics. Tier 3 uses a log-normal distribution for the decay function and a 38–63-year half-life of building PB/FB. Japan’s PB and FB carbon stocks have increased for the past 70 years. The latest carbon stock in early 2022 and the annual change in carbon stock in 2021 was 21.83 million t-C and 0.42 million t-C/year, respectively for Tier 3. Tier 3 has the highest estimation accuracy by using decay functions and half-lives that match the actual conditions of building PB and FB, whereas Tiers 1 and 2 were underestimates. Approximately 40% of the carbon stock is derived from waste wood, which extends its utilization.
Chemoselective cycloisomerization of O-alkenylbenzamides via concomitant 1,2-aryl migration/elimination mediated by hypervalent iodine reagents
Authors: He Jiaxin , Du Feng-Huan , Zhang Chi , Du Yunfei 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAs an ambident nucleophile, controlling the reaction selectivities of nitrogen and oxygen atoms in amide moiety is a challenging issue in organic synthesis. Herein, we present a chemodivergent cycloisomerization approach to construct isoquinolinone and iminoisocoumarin skeletons from o-alkenylbenzamide derivatives. The chemo-controllable strategy employed an exclusive 1,2-aryl migration/elimination cascade, enabled by different hypervalent iodine species generated in situ from the reaction of iodosobenzene (PhIO) with MeOH or 2,4,6-tris-isopropylbenzene sulfonic acid. DFT studies revealed that the nitrogen and oxygen atoms of the intermediates in the two reaction systems have different nucleophilicities and thus produce the selectivity of N or O-attack modes.
Social transmission of bacterial symbionts homogenizes the microbiome within and across generations of group-living spiders
Authors: Rose Clémence , Lund Marie B , Søgård Andrea M , Busck Mette M , Bechsgaard Jesper S , Schramm Andreas , Bilde Trine 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Disentangling modes and fidelity of symbiont transmission are key for understanding host–symbiont associations in wild populations. In group-living animals, social transmission may evolve to ensure high-fidelity transmission of symbionts, since non-reproducing helpers constitute a dead-end for vertical transmission. We investigated symbiont transmission in the social spider Stegodyphus dumicola, which lives in family groups where the majority of females are non-reproducing helpers, females feed offspring by regurgitation, and individuals feed communally on insect prey. Group members share temporally stable microbiomes across generations, while distinct variation in microbiome composition exists between groups. We hypothesized that horizontal transmission of symbionts is enhanced by social interactions, and investigated transmission routes within (horizontal) and across (vertical) generations using bacterial 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing in three experiments: (i) individuals were sampled at all life stages to assess at which life stage the microbiome is acquired. (ii) a cross-fostering design was employed to test whether offspring carry the microbiome from their natal nest, or acquire the microbiome of the foster nest via social transmission. (iii) adult spiders with different microbiome compositions were mixed to assess whether social transmission homogenizes microbiome composition among group members. We demonstrate that offspring hatch symbiont-free, and bacterial symbionts are transmitted vertically across generations by social interactions with the onset of regurgitation feeding by (foster)mothers in an early life stage. Social transmission governs horizontal inter-individual mixing and homogenization of microbiome composition among nest mates. We conclude that temporally stable host–symbiont associations in social species can be facilitated and maintained by high-fidelity social transmission.
A new stable scheme against false data injection attacks in distributed control microgrid
Authors: Tahani Vahid , Haddad Zarif Mohammad , Gholizadeh Narm Hossein 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFalse Data Injection (FDI) attacks can be injected into the communication links of microgrids and result in significant damages. An approach to detect false data injection (FDI) attacks is introduced and a method to maintain the average voltages of buses within an acceptable range is suggested. To this aim, the impacts of FDI are first studied and a detection mechanism is extracted based on the attack effects. Then, multiple local integral feedback is employed to maintain the voltages within a permitted interval. Next, the procedure to return the values to their initial conditions (following the removal of the attack) is addressed. Finally, the proposed methods are simulated by multiple attack scenarios and validated using experimental tests.
Just‐in‐time defect prediction enhanced by the joint method of line label fusion and file filtering
Authors: Zhang Huan , Kuang Li , Wu Aolang , Zhao Qiuming , Yang Xiaoxian 
Published: June 2023

AbstractJust‐In‐Time (JIT) defect prediction aims to predict the defect proneness of software changes when they are initially submitted. It has become a hot topic in software defect prediction due to its timely manner and traceability. Researchers have proposed many JIT defect prediction approaches. However, these approaches cannot effectively utilise line labels representing added or removed lines and ignore the noise caused by defect‐irrelevant files. Therefore, a JIT defect prediction model enhanced by the joint method of line label Fusion and file Filtering (JIT‐FF) is proposed. Firstly, to distinguish added and removed lines while preserving the original software changes information, the authors represent the code changes as original, added, and removed codes according to line labels. Secondly, to obtain semantics‐enhanced code representation, a cross‐attention‐based line label fusion method to perform complementary feature enhancement is proposed. Thirdly, to generate code changes containing fewer defect‐irrelevant files, the authors formalise the file filtering as a sequential decision problem and propose a reinforcement learning‐based file filtering method. Finally, based on generated code changes, CodeBERT‐based commit representation and multi‐layer perceptron‐based defect prediction are performed to identify the defective software changes. The experiments demonstrate that JIT‐FF can predict defective software changes more effectively.
Deep reinforcement learning based state of charge estimation and management of electric vehicle batteries
Authors: Saba Irum , Tariq Muhammad , Ullah Mukhtar , Poor H. Vincent 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn vehicle‐to‐grid (V2G) networks, electric vehicle (EV) batteries have significant potential as storage elements to smooth out variations produced by renewable and alternative energy sources and to address peak demand catering to smart grids. State estimation and management are crucial for assessing the performance of EV batteries. Existing approaches to these tasks typically do not include the effect of various parameters like route type, environmental conditions, current, and torque to estimate the state of charge (SoC) of EV batteries. In experiments, it is observed that the overall driving cost is affected by these parameters. A new method based on deep reinforcement learning is proposed to estimate and manage the SoC of nickel‐metal hybrid batteries, with an emphasis on the realisation of the parameters that affect a battery's health. The proposed deep deterministic policy gradient‐based SoC estimation and management for EV batteries, under the effect of battery parameters, are compared with the existing state‐of‐the‐art models to validate their usefulness in terms of overall battery life, thermal safety, and performance. The proposed method demonstrates an accuracy of up to 98.8% in SoC estimation and overall driving cost with less convergence time as compared to the state‐of‐the‐art models for EV batteries.
Peripheral Arterial Thrombosis following Russell's Viper Bites
Authors: Senthilkumaran Subramanian , Patel Ketan , Rajan Elanchezhian , Vijayakumar Pradeep , Miller Stephen W. , Rucavado Alexandra , Gilabadi Soheil , Sonavane Medha , Richards Nicholas J. , Williams Jarred , Williams Harry F. , Trim Steven A. , Thirumalaikolundusubramanian Ponniah , Gutiérrez José María , Vaiyapuri Sakthivel 
Published: June 2023

AbstractEnvenomings by Russell's viper (Daboia russelii), a species of high medical importance in India and other Asian countries, commonly result in hemorrhage, coagulopathies, necrosis, and acute kidney injury. Although bleeding complications are frequently reported following viper envenomings, thrombotic events occur rarely (reported only in coronary and carotid arteries) with serious consequences. For the first time, we report three serious cases of peripheral arterial thrombosis following Russell's viper bites and their diagnostic, clinical management, and mechanistic insights. These patients developed occlusive thrombi in their peripheral arteries and symptoms despite antivenom treatment. In addition to clinical features, computed tomography angiography was used to diagnose arterial thrombosis and ascertain its precise locations. They were treated using thrombectomy or amputation in one case that presented with gangrenous digits. Mechanistic insights into the pathology through investigations revealed the procoagulant actions of Russell's viper venom in standard clotting tests as well as in rotational thromboelastometry analysis. Notably, Russell's viper venom inhibited agonist-induced platelet activation. The procoagulant effects of Russell's viper venom were inhibited by a matrix metalloprotease inhibitor, marimastat, although a phospholipase A2 inhibitor (varespladib) did not show any inhibitory effects. Russell's viper venom induced pulmonary thrombosis when injected intravenously in mice and thrombi in the microvasculature and affected skeletal muscle when administered locally. These data emphasize the significance of peripheral arterial thrombosis in snakebite victims and provide awareness, mechanisms, and robust strategies for clinicians to tackle this issue in patients.
Language Delay in Patients with CLN2 Disease: Could It Support Earlier Diagnosis?
Authors: Nickel Miriam , Gissen Paul , Greenaway Rebecca , Cappelletti Simona , Hamborg Christiane , Ragni Benedetta , Ribitzki Tanja , Schulz Angela , Tondo Ilaria , Specchio Nicola 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNeuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis type 2 (CLN2 disease) is a rare pediatric disorder associated with rapid neurodegeneration, and premature death in adolescence. An effective enzyme replacement therapy (cerliponase alfa) has been approved that can reduce this predictable neurological decline. The nonspecific early symptoms of CLN2 disease frequently delay diagnosis and appropriate management. Seizures are generally recognized as the first presenting symptom of CLN2 disease, but emerging data show that language delay may precede this. An improved understanding of language deficits in the earliest stage of CLN2 disease may support the early identification of patients. In this article, CLN2 disease experts examine how language development is affected by CLN2 disease in their clinical practices. The authors' experiences highlighted the timings of first words and first use of sentences, and language stagnation as key features of language deficits in CLN2 disease, and how deficits in language may be an earlier sign of the disease than seizures. Potential challenges in identifying early language deficits include assessing patients with other complex needs, and recognizing that a child's language abilities are not within normal parameters given the variability of language development in young children. CLN2 disease should be considered in children presenting with language delay and/or seizures to facilitate earlier diagnosis and access to treatment that can significantly reduce morbidity.
Understanding continuance intention of artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled mobile banking applications: an extension of AI characteristics to an expectation confirmation model
Authors: Lee Jung-Chieh , Tang Yuyin , Jiang SiQi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractArtificial intelligence (AI) has been proven to be a disruptive financial technology in the context of mobile banking that can provide more practical value to users and banks. AI is a critical way of facilitating user acceptance and adoption of mobile banking applications (apps). Nevertheless, the ways in which AI features influence users’ continuance intention towards AI-enabled mobile banking apps have not been investigated from the perspective of an expectation confirmation model (ECM). To address this research gap, this paper develops a research model by combining two constructs pertaining to AI characteristics, namely, perceived intelligence and perceived anthropomorphism, and by using the ECM to explore users’ continuance intentions in this context. We employed a survey research method using a random sampling approach to collect 365 valid responses. A partial least squares approach was used to examine the model. The results show that both intelligence and anthropomorphism can increase user satisfaction via confirmation and perceived usefulness, which in turn fosters users’ willingness to continue to engage in mobile banking. This paper offers theoretical advancements, discusses future directions for mobile banking research and provides practical guidance to app developers with respect to designing and developing proper mobile banking apps using AI technology.
The emergence of populism as an institution and its recursive mechanisms: A socio-cognitive theory perspective
Authors: Rašković Matevž , Haynes Katalin Takacs , Vangeli Anastas 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe rise of populism worldwide provides an excellent setting to explore the dynamic relationships among international business (IB), institutional context, and IB policymaking. It also has important implications for multinational enterprises (MNEs). To understand populism’s recursiveness, such relationships need to be examined more broadly from a social psychology lens; also, within IB and IB policy research. While populism has been attracting widespread attention among many different IB stakeholders, our understanding of populism at the nexus of politics, the economy and social psychology remains undertheorized and, sometimes, misunderstood. We employ socio-cognitive theory (SCT) to answer how populism arises (RQ1) and establishes itself as an institution (RQ2). By shedding light on the origin and mechanics of populism’s recursive nature, the logic of “proto-institutions”, which we employ to understand institutional change in the context of populism, helps advance institutional theory within an IB context. Exploring the implications of populism for MNEs helps advance theory on MNE non-market strategies (NMSs) and shed light on MNEs’ corporate political activities. The re-framing of populism as a wicked problem further provides a theoretical toolkit for IB policy research. We present several future research directions for IB and IB policy research, as well as MNE research.
A 4-fold categorical equivalence
Authors: Maresca Ray 
Published: June 2023

In this note, we will illuminate some immediate consequences of work done by Reineke in [Algebr. Represent. Theory 16 (2013), no. 5. 1313–1314] that may prove to be useful in the study of elliptic curves. In particular, we will construct an isomorphism between the category of smooth projective curves with a category of quiver Grassmannians. We will use this to provide a 4-fold categorical equivalence between a category of quiver Grassmannians, smooth projective curves, compact Riemann surfaces, and fields of transcendence degree 1 over

C

\mathbb {C}

. We finish with noting that the category of elliptic curves is isomorphic to a category of quiver Grassmannians, whence providing an analytic group structure to a class of quiver Grassmannians.