bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Empowering Adolescents in Stunting Prevention: A Literature Review on Educational Media and Methods
Authors: Dwisafril Hairil Ria , Ahmad Mardiana , Budu Budu , Handayani Idrus Hasta 
Published: February 2025

Introduction: The Indonesian Health Survey (IHS) data in 2023 stated that the prevalence of stunting was 21.5%. One form of handling stunting with nutrition and health education, especially for adolescents who will later give birth to a healthy generation.
Methode: The literature review is based on national and international scientific journals on educating adolescents on stunting management. Publications between 2019-2024 databases; PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, and Semantic Scholar. Obtained by using keywords; education, teenager, handling, stunting. There were 105 articles identified, then 80 literatures were screened. Further selection related to abstract, full text, open access type of research obtained 50 articles. The final process is to read and select eligible articles based on the criteria obtained 30 relevant articles consisting of 10 international journals and 20 national journals with the Population is all adolescent girls.
Result: There were 30 articles that met the criteria, explaining about adolescents, stunting and education for adolescents about handling stunting and the media used in education for handling stunting. Educational media are booklets, audio, whatsapp, social media, stunting prevention cards while educational methods are training and brainstorming.
Conclution; Educational outreach can improve adolescents‘ knowledge of nutritional intake (iron and protein), understanding of 1000 HPK and Fe tablet consumption as well as improve adolescents’ attitudes and behaviour in stunting prevention. Education can provide significant results that must be supported by media. The delivery of education using good media such as videos, digital booklets, whatsapp and Stunting Prevent Card will make it easier for adolescents to understand the educational material presented.
Evaluating the safety and efficacy of novel mRNA vaccines for infectious diseases
Authors: Nanda Naimish , Syed Sabir Ali Syed Sajid Ali 
Published: February 2025

In recent years, the advent of messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccine technology has revolutionized the landscape of infectious disease prevention. Unlike traditional vaccines, mRNA vaccines leverage a synthetic strand of mRNA encoding specific antigens, which, upon delivery into the host cells, triggers an immune response without introducing live or attenuated pathogens. This study evaluates the safety and efficacy of novel mRNA vaccines designed for a range of infectious diseases, with a particular focus on SARS-CoV-2, influenza, and emerging zoonotic viruses. The research employs a multi-phase methodology comprising preclinical and clinical trials. Preclinical studies assess the immunogenicity and safety profile in animal models, highlighting mRNA stability, delivery efficiency, and immunotoxicity. The clinical trials, spanning phases I through III, involve diverse populations, including pediatric, adult, and immunocompromised groups. Key endpoints include antibody titers, cellular immune responses, and the incidence of adverse events. Preliminary findings demonstrate a favorable safety profile, with mild to moderate reactogenicity reported in most cases. The efficacy, measured by neutralizing antibody levels and real-world protection against infections, exceeds 90% in several candidate vaccines. Additionally, the modular design of mRNA vaccines facilitates rapid adaptation to emerging pathogens, offering a significant advantage in outbreak scenarios. Despite promising results, challenges persist, such as cold-chain logistics, long-term durability of immunity, and addressing vaccine hesitancy. This research underscores the transformative potential of mRNA vaccines in combating infectious diseases while emphasizing the need for continuous monitoring and innovation to address limitations.
The Role of ACE Gene Rs 1799752 I/D Polymorphism and Serum ACE Activity in Recurrent Miscarriage Pathogenesis in Iraqi Women
Authors: Kareem Hiran J. , I. A. Abdulhassan, 
Published: February 2025

Background
Recurrent miscarriage is a major health public health problem that affects one to three percentage of women of childbearing age and is diagnosed as a spontaneous miscarriage if happened more than two times and occur often to the completion of 20 weeks amenorrhea. The variation in Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) may be have an important role in the recurrent miscarriages (RM) in Iraqi women.
Objective
The present study aimed to investigate the role of ACE gene polymorphism and its serum level in the pathogenesis of recurrent miscarriage in Iraqi women.
Materials and methods:
Blood samples were collected from fifty patients with RM of unknown cause and fifty apparently healthy women (control). DNA was extracted for genotyping and serum samples were obtained to determine the concentration of ACE activity. ACE gene polymorphisms were determined by using Polymerase Chine Reaction –High Resolution Melting (PCR-HRM), while, serum level of ACE were determined by using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA).
Results
The research data indicated that genotype II was accompanied by a lower risk of recurrent miscarriage, while there is no relation was obtained of allele frequency among the recurrent miscarriage cases. Moreover, it’s showed that there is a significant differences were noted between RM patients and controls as related with serum ACE level. High ACE activity was noted in the RM patients carrying D allele in compared to healthy individuals. In all trimesters of the RM incidence was higher in the ID genotype carriers and 70% of RM patients were in the first trimesters.
Conclusion
These results concluded that the ACE gene polymorphism at rs179952 have a role in the RM pathogenesis and the genotype II may serve as a protective factor against RM, it’s also showed that there is a low serum ACE levels which might be a new marker for recurrent miscarriage risk in Iraqi women. The results also showed that there is a strong association between the rs1799752 genetic polymorphism in the ACE gene and the increased risk of miscarriage, especially in pregnant women carrying the ID genotype.
Outcomes of Complex Gastroschisis
Authors: Ilhama Jafarli , Alexandra Richards , Allahverdi Musayev , Nigar Allahverdiyeva , Ines Castro-Moore , Homero Brum , Morcos Gobriel , Heydar Mammadli , Turan Mammadli 
Published: February 2025

Background
Gastroschisis, an anterior abdominal wall defect, is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. This study aims to evaluate the early outcomes of neonates with complex gastroschisis and correlate outcomes with prevalent types of complications, such as a line infection and NEC.
Methods
A retrospective review was performed at multiple pediatric surgical centers (January 2001 and December 2019). Statistical analysis of categorical variables between the cohorts of the primary closure versus silo placement was conducted and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for variables were calculated.
Results
Two hundred and thirty-four neonates with gastroschisis were identified. The cohort of neonates having undergone silo closure had a longer duration of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) (32.5 vs. 48.17; P = .006), prolonged hospitalization (40.18 vs. 54.15; P = .007) and higher incidence of concomitant of bowel atresia (0.12 vs.0.20; P= .004). There was no difference observed in survival. Multivariate logistic regression demonstrated that time to closure and number of surgeries were significantly related to LOS as an independent variable.
Conclusion
The time to silo closure is the most significant variable related to the duration of TPN and hospitalization in gastroschisis patients, determined by the number of surgeries and severity of the disease. Furthermore, NEC and line infection were high after primary closure.
Prognostic Appraisal of Sacrococcygeal Teratoma- Authors Experience and Review of literature
Authors: Gupta Rahul , Mathur Priyanshu , Agrawal Liladhar , Goyal Manisha , Gupta Arun Kumar , Babu Goyal Ram , Singh Shekhawat Narpat 
Published: February 2025

Background: Sacrococcygeal teratoma is associated with malformations which may have a bearing on the outcomes of these patients. The study aimed to present its varied clinical presentation, management, and outcome analyses in our geographical region.
Methods: A prospective descriptive observational study was carried out on a cohort of paediatric patients with sacrococcygeal teratoma. All consecutive patients admitted and managed by the authors in a tertiary care teaching institute from 2011 to 2024 were studied. Patients were followed up for at least one year after surgical intervention.
Results: There were 53 patients (F: M=1:2.18). The median age at presentation was 12 days. Forty (74.47%) patients presented with swelling lower back. The patients were Altman I - 23/53 (43.39%), Altman II - 17/53 (32.08%), Altman III - 5/53 (9.43%), and Altman IV - 8/53 (15.09%). Associated major malformations were present in 9 (16.98%) patients; anorectal malformation- 4 (7.55%) patients; 3 (5.66%) were consistent with Currarino syndrome. Tumour excision and coccygectomy were performed in 52 (98.11%) patients. Histopathology revealed mature teratoma in 41/52 (78.85%), immature teratoma in 9/52 (17.31%), and malignant tumours in 2/52 (3.85%) patients. Early postoperative complications were seen in 11/52 (21.15%) patients, including 3 (5.77%) deaths. Early survival (within 3 months) was 48/53 (90.57%). Late complications (within 1 year) were seen in 8/35 (22.86%) patients.
Conclusion: Most of the sacrococcygeal teratomas are benign (mature); immature and especially malignant tumours are often seen around and beyond infancy. Mortality is due to associated major malformations, sepsis, sclerema, and tumour recurrence.
Association of Serum Calcium Levels with Menopausal Status and Risk of Health Outcomes Post-COVID-19 Vaccination: A Comparative Study
Authors: Tawfeeq Shaymaa , Jabbar Tauma Rusul , Mohammed Albobaqer Aseel Abdulameer , G. Yousif Maitham 
Published: February 2025

The function of menopausal status and serum calcium level with different health outcomes has been taken into close consideration, but the influence on health after vaccination for covid-19 has been little discussed. The present research is aimed at the serum calcium levels across menopausal stages and offtakes the health problems that such vaccination can cause. The sample was female; 235 patients were aged 17–46 years with most of them domiciled in urban areas. The serum calcium levels measured in both groups of women, before and after the change in menstrual cycle were determined and the values were compared with each other. The area under the curve analysis was utilized in the study for the purpose of assessing for menopause the ability of serum calcium levels to determine the disease. The control group of premenopausal women was employed for instance what the normal levels are. The next step was the introduction of micronutrient-rich foods. In postmenopausal women, evidence from serum calcium levels indicates a significant lowering of levels compared to premenopausal women, which signifies a notable deficiency. As far as a direct response on calcium deficit is regarded, the value increase from the level of -15.05 was obvious for post-menopausal status, while pre-menopause offered protection. The calcium of serum test received the best scores for predicting menopause mechanism. It had a sensitivity percentage until 94% and a specificity percentage until 92%. On the other hand, women who barely had more than a score of 4 were at an 11.75 times risk of going through menopause. It can prove the existing correlation between serum calcium levels and menopausal status, as well as the effect on COVID-19 vaccination efficiency. The individualization of the action plan on the basis of determining species-specific needs in calcium levels revealed among women in the menopausal age by outlining the prevention strategies as well as identifying possible insufficiency and other aggravated cases among this group. The results of this study contribute to the already existing knowledge of post-vaccination health hazards. It also emphasizes the fact that the general perspective on healthcare whenever there is COVID-19 immunization becomes more balanced.
Studies of Various Genetic and Epigenetic Factors Influenced an Early Puberty in Females
Authors: Veena Polasani , Sridevi Boddireddy , Swapna Padidela 
Published: February 2025

The age of female puberty appears to have decreased in recently as child health and nutrition have improved and obesity has become more prevalent. Also, environmental contaminants, particularly endocrine disruptors, may also play a role in lowering the age of puberty. Puberty at an early age increases the risk of stress, poor school performance, teen pregnancy, eating disorders, substance abuse, and a variety of health issues which may appear later in life including breast cancer and heart disease. Risk factors related to early puberty include genetics, race, maternal weight gain, premature or low birth weight, fatherlessness, environmental contaminants, obesity, and race. Maintenance or achievement of healthy weight, regular exercise, and a fiber-rich diet may delay the onset of early puberty. As the number of girls entering premature puberty increases, there are numerous risks, both physical and emotional. Health educators need to explore ways to help reduce the incidence and prevalence of obesity and address other modifiable risk factors.
Exploring the impact of mudra on respiratory function among Asthma Patients
Authors: S Thamaraiselvi , Veda Parthiban , Vidhya Shankari S. , S Ilamathi , Jayakandan E. , Parthiban Giridharan 
Published: February 2025

Background: Globally, the prevalence of asthma is rising, and drug therapy alone has yet to effectively manage it. We implemented nonpharmacological interventions like yoga with promising outcomes.
This study aims to determine how mudra affects asthmatic patients' respiratory function.
Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to find out the exploring the efficacy of 12 weeks of mudra practice on PEFR and BHT among asthma patients of yoga intervention group compared than the control group.
Materials and Methods: 80 stable asthma patients between the ages of 30 - 45 were the subjects of this intervention. They were allocated into two groups at random, the control group (n=40) and the yoga practicing group (n=40). The yoga practicing group underwent mudra practice everyday morning and evening for 30 mins for 5 days a week for 12 weeks. Control group will not receive any yogic practices. PEFR and BHT tests were measured before and after 12 weeks using peak flow meter and stopwatch.
Results: Statistically significant improvement (p < 0.05) was observed for PEFR and BHT in the yoga practicing group when compared with the control group.
Conclusion: After 12 weeks of mudra practice, asthmatic patients' respiratory efficiency significantly improved.
A Convolutional Neural Network Approach for Deep Learning-based Breast Cancer Detection
Authors: Kumar K. Kishore , Pavani Movva , Doppalapudi Kiranmai , B. Suthar Mihirkumar , Sai Sandeep Kasturi , Mahendrakumar G. , Vengatesh T. 
Published: February 2025

Early and accurate breast cancer (B) diagnosis is crucial for improving patient outcomes and survival rates, which currently range from 30% to 50%. Deep learning has emerged as a powerful tool in healthcare, particularly for analyzing large volumes of medical images like X-rays, MRIs, and CT scans. This study introduces a novel deep learning model, BCNN, designed to detect and classify breast cancers into Three distinct categories: malignant lobular carcinoma, malignant mucinous carcinoma, and malignant papillary carcinoma. The BCNN model was developed and compared against two fine-tuned, pre-trained models which is VGG16, MobileNet initially trained on the ImageNet database. Breast cancer MRI images, sourced from a Kaggle dataset, were used for training and evaluation. To enhance the dataset's size and diversity, a Generative Adversarial Network technique was employed for data augmentation. The dataset included images at four different magnifications (40X, 100X, 200X, and 400X), along with a combined dataset. Each model, including the proposed BCNN, was evaluated across all five datasets, resulting in a total of 30 experiments. Performance was assessed using F1-score, recall, precision, and accuracy metrics. The experimental results demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed BCNN model, achieving a classification F1-score accuracy of 99.38%. The fine-tuned pre-trained models also performed well, with the following F1-score accuracies: VGG16 produce 97.67%), and MobileNet Produce 97.38%). The study concluded that data augmentation, preprocessing, and balancing significantly improved the performance of both the BCNN model and the fine-tuned pre-trained models. Notably, the highest accuracies were observed when using the 400X magnification images, likely due to their superior resolution.
Some endocrine hormones level associated with Chronic myelogenous leukemia patients in Al Anbar governorate
Authors: Mohammed Aysar Mahmood , Mohammed Mousa Jasim 
Published: February 2025

Background and Objective: Leukemias are linked to numerous immunological and endocrine alterations. Numerous studies have demonstrated an association between endocrine hormone imbalance and the onset of disease in one or both sexes. Hormonal fluctuations can disrupt the physiological homogeneity of the human body, hence impacting health and the progression of associated disorders. We want to examine the impact of changes in endocrine hormones on the immunological response of persons with leukemia.
Materials and Methods: This case-control study enrolled 110 individuals, including 90 patients diagnosed with hematological malignancy, at the Medical City Department/Hematology Center in Baghdad, Iraq, from March to November 2024. Among 90 individuals diagnosed with leukemia, 70 were identified with sever chronic myeloid leukemia (CML1), whereas 20 were classed with moderate chronic myeloid leukemia (CML2) based on the disease duration. The research included 20 healthy participants as controls. Erythropoietin (EPO), homocysteine (THcy), parathyroid hormone (PTH), vitamin B12, vitamin D3, and folate levels were assessed in all individuals using both ELISA and immunofluorescence test methods. Calcitonin (Cal) and ferritin were also measured.
Results: The study's findings revealed a substantial increase in calcitonin (Cal) and ferritin levels (P < 0.001) in the experimental group compared to the control group. Serum Parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels were elevated in patients diagnosed with the CML1 and CML2 groups compared to the control group (P = 0.01). Erythropoietin (EPO) levels were significantly higher (P = 0.02) in both the CML1 and CML2 groups. The difference was shown to be statistically significant. Both CML1 and CML2 patients had significantly reduced levels of B12 and VD3 in comparison to the control group (P = 0.01 and 0.02, respectively). For Homocystine and Folate (p = 0.004, 0.001, respectively). he study's findings provide concrete evidence for the influence of hormones on the immune response in the etiology of leukemia.
Evaluation The Effect Cytotoxicity and Program Cell Death of Bauhinia variegata Volatile Oil
Authors: Awaed Asawer T. , Habeeb Hadeel M. 
Published: February 2025

Lung cancer is the most prevalent type of cancer found in the world, and it remains a significant global health concern, despite advancements in diagnostic and therapeutic techniques. The exploration of new anti cancer agents derived from plants has emerged as a promising trend in scientific research. Phytochemicals are considered selective in their effects and are generally less harmful to normal cells compared to conventional cancer treatments. In the present study, flowers of Bauhinia variegata were gathered from Baghdad in the spring of 2024, and volatile oil was extracted by using Clavenger. Cytotoxic effects of volatile oil were assessed through MTT assay against lung cancer cell lines A549 and REF normal cell line at 24,48and 72 h, and using four different concentrations. The result showed that the highest cytotoxicity of volatile oil at 100 μg/ml was 86.1% at 72h. While the lowest inhibition rate was 11.25% in the 25 μg/ml after 24 h of treatment. In contrast, it could hardly inhibit the proliferation of normal cells although volatility oil had slight inhibition on them as its max inhibition rate (11.7%) at 72 h was only obtained when attend with volatile oil of 100 μg/ml and min inhibition rat was also low (2.266%) at 24 h when attend with volatile oil of 25 μg/ml. A validated of reducing cell viability was down by using AO/EtBr, which means apoptosis was induced in A549cell treated with volatile oil but there is no react in REF cell. At the gene expression level, the flow cytometery technique was used to determine the increase in gene expression of P53 and so it coincided with apoptosis occurring in cancer cells exposed to the volatile oil. The volatile oil didn’t cause the P53 gene to express in REF cells. activity of mitochondria was examined using Rh 123 dye during flow cytometry testing with volatile oil in the treatment of cancer cells. mitochondrial membrane potential was reduced efficacy, leading to cell death, as evidenced by the dimmer fluorescence caused by cancer cell the programmed cell dead process. Conversely, in REF cells, the mitochondria remain vibrant and active regardless of volatile oil treatment.
Correlation between Core and Hip Abductor Endurance in Overweight and Obese Students with Flexible Flat Feet
Authors: Palekar Pramod J. , Karimjee Luvai M. , Palekar Tushar J. 
Published: February 2025

Flexible flatfoot is a common foot deformity that can lead to altered biomechanics and excessive pronation during weight-bearing activities. Prior studies have linked proximal weakening of the hip abductor muscles and core to flatfoot. Additionally, a greater incidence of flatfoot deformity and decreased hip and core strength have been connected to obesity. Nevertheless, not much research has been done on the connection between obesity, flatfoot, hip abductor endurance, and core endurance.
The aim of this study was to analyse the correlation between core muscular endurance and hip abductor endurance among overweight and obese students between 18-25 years of age with flexible flatfeet.
This was an observational study carried out in a tertiary health care centre. Convenience sampling was used for selecting a sample of 75 overweight and obese college students, ages 18 to 25, who had flexible flatfoot (navicular drop ≥10mm, positive Jack’s test and Tiptoe Standing test). The Biering-Sorensen test, the Plank hold test, and the Side Plank hold test were used to measure core endurance. The Hip Abductor Isometric Endurance Test was used to assess hip abductor endurance. Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to examine the relationship between core and hip abductor endurance measures. Mean differences between overweight and obese groups were compared.
In obese students with flexible flatfoot, positive correlations were observed between hip abductor endurance and all core endurance tests (Biering-Sorensen, Plank Hold, Side Plank Hold). However, there was a negative correlation seen in the overweight flatfoot group between hip abductor and core endurance. No statistically significant differences in mean core or hip endurance were noted between the overweight and obese cohorts.
The findings suggest that proximal muscular endurance impairments among individuals with flatfoot deformity may be exacerbated by increased obesity levels. Assessing hip and core function may aid in determining risk factors and directing exercise programs intended to prevent musculoskeletal issues in this population.