bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Polariton hybridization phenomena on near-field radiative heat transfer in periodic graphene/α-MoO3 cells
Authors: Zhang Jihong , Yang Bing , Shi Kezhang , Liu Haotuo , Wu Xiaohu 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Coupling of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) supported by graphene and hyperbolic phonon polaritons (HPPs) supported by hyperbolic materials (HMs) could effectively promote photon tunneling, and hence the radiative heat transfer. In this work, we investigate the polariton hybridization phenomena on near-field radiative heat transfer (NFRHT) in multilayer heterostructures, which consist of periodic graphene/α-MoO3 cells. Numerical results show that increasing the graphene/α-MoO3 cells can effectively enhance the NFRHT when the vacuum gap is less than 50 nm, but suppresses the enhanced performance with larger gap distance. This depends on the coupling of SPPs and HPPs in the periodic structure, which is analyzed by the energy transmission coefficients distributed in the wavevector space. The influence of the thickness of the α-MoO3 film and the chemical potential of graphene on the NFRHT is investigated. The findings in this work may guide designing high-performance near-field energy transfer and conversion devices based on coupling polaritons.
Farmers’ Use of the Mobile Phone for Accessing Agricultural Information in Haryana: An Analytical Study
Authors: Kumar Rajender 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
A mobile phone is an Internet-connected device used to share and discuss user-generated content, including opinion, audio, video, and multimedia. This has changed the way farmers engage and communicate across the country, even in rural areas. The purpose of this study is to examine Haryana farmers’ use of mobile phones to get agricultural information. This study was conducted in the six districts of North Haryana, i.e., Ambala, Yamuna Nagar, Kurukshetra, Karnal, Kaithal, and Panipat. Data were collected from a sample size of 300 respondents, including 50 farmers from two tehsils (subdistrict) of each district, through a structured questionnaire and an interview plan. According to the results of this study, most of the farmers have been using mobile phones for over 3 years, and all of them can read and write Hindi to collect and communicate information about agriculture, such as post-harvest, weeding, thinning, and storage. Farmers most commonly use the agricultural information platform, i.e., private agricultural solutions helplines, government agriculture officers/extension agents making calls/short messaging service (SMS), IFFCO Kisan Sanchar, private agricultural companies/pesticide dealers/staff making calls/SMS, and government agriculture department helplines. Kisan Suvidha Agriculture Mobile App, WhatsApp, and YouTube are commonly used by most farmers who believe these network technologies are most effective to increase their knowledge and understanding of modern agricultural technology, although the majority of farmers do and also had language difficulties and challenges in the mobile network.
Sensitivity to Frequency Modulation is Limited Centrally
Authors: Whiteford Kelly L. , Oxenham Andrew J. 
Published: April 2023

Modulations in both amplitude and frequency are prevalent in natural sounds and are critical in defining their properties. Humans are exquisitely sensitive to frequency modulation (FM) at the slow modulation rates and low carrier frequencies that are common in speech and music. This enhanced sensitivity to slow-rate and low-frequency FM has been widely believed to reflect precise, stimulus-driven phase locking to temporal fine structure in the auditory nerve. At faster modulation rates and/or higher carrier frequencies, FM is instead thought to be coded by coarser frequency-to-place mapping, where FM is converted to amplitude modulation (AM) via cochlear filtering. Here we show that patterns of human FM perception that have classically been explained by limits in peripheral temporal coding are instead better accounted for by constraints in the central processing of fundamental frequency (F0) or pitch. We measured FM detection in male and female humans using harmonic complex tones with an F0 within the range of musical pitch, but with resolved harmonic components that were all above the putative limits of temporal phase locking (> 8 kHz). Listeners were more sensitive to slow than fast FM rates, even though all components were beyond the limits of phase locking. In contrast, AM sensitivity remained better at faster than slower rates, regardless of carrier frequency. These findings demonstrate that classic trends in human FM sensitivity, previously attributed to auditory-nerve phase locking, may instead reflect the constraints of a unitary code that operates at a more central level of processing.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT:Natural sounds involve dynamic frequency and amplitude fluctuations. Humans are particularly sensitive to frequency modulation (FM) at slow rates and low carrier frequencies, which are prevalent in speech and music. This sensitivity has been ascribed to encoding of stimulus temporal fine structure (TFS) via phase-locked auditory-nerve activity. To test this long-standing theory, we measured FM sensitivity using complex tones with a low fundamental frequency (F0) but only high-frequency harmonics, beyond the limits of phase locking. Dissociating the F0 from high-frequency TFS showed that FM sensitivity is limited not by peripheral encoding of TFS, but rather by central processing of F0, or pitch. The results suggest a unitary code for FM detection limited by more central constraints.
The self-concept is represented in the medial prefrontal cortex in terms of self-importance
Authors: Levorsen Marie , Aoki Ryuta , Matsumoto Kenji , Sedikides Constantine , Izuma Keise 
Published: April 2023

Knowledge about one’s personality, the self-concept, shapes human experience. Social cognitive neuroscience has made strides addressing the question of where and how the self is represented in the brain. The answer, however, remains elusive. We conducted two functional magnetic resonance imaging experiments (the second preregistered) with human male and female participants employing a self-reference task with a broad range of attributes and carrying out a searchlight representational similarity analysis. The importance of attributes to self-identity was represented in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), whereas mPFC activation was unrelated both to self-descriptiveness of attributes (Experiments 1-2) and importance of attributes to a friend’s self-identity (Experiment 2). Our research provides a comprehensive answer to the abovementioned question: The self-concept is conceptualized in terms of self-importance and represented in the mPFC.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT:The self-concept comprises beliefs about who one is as an individual (e.g., personality traits, physical characteristics, desires, likes/dislikes, and social roles). Despite researchers' efforts in the last two decades to understand where and how the self-concept is stored in the brain, the question remains elusive. Using a neuroimaging technique, we found that a brain region called medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) shows differential but systematic activation patterns depending on the importance of presented word stimuli to a participant's self-concept. Our findings suggest that one's sense of the self is supported by neural populations in the mPFC, each of which is differently sensitive to distinct levels of the personal importance of incoming information.
Detection of blaCTX-M genes in ESBL-producing Klebsiella isolates from animals in Croatia
Authors: Pintarić Selma , Štritof Zrinka , Perko Vesna Mojčec , Tumpa Andrea , Cvetnić Marija , Hadžić Lana 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis study investigated the frequency of third-generation cephalosporin resistance in Klebsiella spp. isolated from animals in Croatia and the presence of blaCTX-M genes. A total of 711 enteric bacteria were isolated from clinical samples, and Klebsiella spp. isolates accounted for 6.9% (n = 49). Thirteen Klebsiella isolates (26.5%) were ESBL producers, nine isolates from the Klebsiella pneumoniae species complex (69.2%), and four (30.8%) Klebsiella oxytoca isolates. All carried the blaCTX-M-15 gene, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed them as multidrug resistant. All were resistant to all tested cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides and aztreonam, 92.3% showed resistance to tetracycline, 84.6% to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and 69.2% to nitrofurantoin. No isolate showed resistance to imipenem and meropenem. It can be concluded that ESBL-producing Klebsiella expressing the blaCTX-M gene are not rare among Klebsiella isolates from animals in Croatia.
A ATIVIDADE PESQUEIRA NA FOZ DO AMAZONAS, ARQUIPÉLAGO DO BAILIQUE-AMAPÁ, BRASIL
Authors: Prestes Luiza , Salomão Clara Brito , Fortunato Wane Cristina Picanço , Oliveira Netiê Izabel 
Published: April 2023

O distrito de Bailique está localizado num arquipélago de ilhas na área estuarina da foz do rio Amazonas. O presente estudo teve como objetivo investigar a atividade pesqueira que ocorre em comunidades do arquipélago, através de formulários semiestruturados e observações in loco. Os pescadores das comunidades do Bailique têm na pesca a sua principal atividade econômica durante o ano. O caráter artesanal se expressa através dos seus instrumentos de pesca que são geralmente rústicos, sem mecanização ou sofisticação, embora traços de modernidade transpareçam no uso de equipamentos. A maioria dos residentes da comunidade são oriundos do Amapá, pais ou mães de família relativamente jovens, com nível de escolaridade baixo, que realizam a pesca como fonte principal de renda, seguido de benefícios sociais e outras atividades como extração de açaí para complementação. A participação da mulher na pesca tem aumentado, sugerindo mudanças efetivas que configuram uma nova fase de inserção feminina nas organizações e movimentos sociais locais. As embarcações que compõem a frota são de pequeno e médio porte, com autonomia de até 5 dias no máximo pescando, urnas de até uma tonelada e apetrechos de pesca comuns da região amazônica. A composição do pescado capturado é representado por uma diversidade de espécies que estão inseridas nas famílias taxonômicas Pimelodidae, Erythrinidae, Cichlidae, Auchenipteridae, Callichthyidae, Loricariidae e Anostomidae (capturadas principalmente em igarapés, rios, lagos e várzeas), Sciaenidae, Carcarhinidae, Mugilidae e Ariidae (mar/estuário), Palaemonidae (foz do rio Amazonas). Rede de emalhar, espinhel, tarrafa, zagaia, linha de mão/caniço, arpão e manzuá são os apetrechos mais citados. A realidade das políticas públicas implementadas pelos Ministérios Federais e governo do Estado do Amapá nas comunidades do arquipélago do Bailique apresenta características muito mais voltadas ao assistencialismo do que ações que fortaleçam as atividades econômicas. A comercialização da produção é feita diretamente ao consumidor do próprio arquipélago sem interferência de atravessadores, a renda líquida (retirando custos) é dividida entre os pescadores, porém gera menos de um salário mínimo para cada integrante da atividade. Repensar as políticas públicas e assistência técnica adotada pelo estado aos pescadores de pequena escala da costa amazônica do Brasil é crucial, visto que são pessoas fortemente dependentes de recursos naturais em uma região com muitas poucas fontes alternativas de subsistência.
ANÁLISE DAS CONDIÇÕES MICROBIOLÓGICAS DA ÁGUA DO MUNICÍPIO DE MURITIBA - BAHIA
Authors: Lopes Mascarenhas Ana Isabele , Costa Nascimento Edvaldo , Prates Rodrigues Estefania , Oliveira da Silva Bianca , De Souza Moreno Joyce 
Published: April 2023

A água é importante para a nossa sobrevivência e indispensável para a produção de alimentos e outras atividades com fins econômicos. A característica necessária à água distribuída para consumo humano é a potabilidade, ou seja, deve ser limpa e estar livre de qualquer contaminação de origem microbiológica, química, física ou radioativa, não devendo, em hipótese alguma, oferecer riscos à saúde humana. Neste estudo objetivou-se avaliar a qualidade microbiológica da água do município de Muritiba, Bahia, quanto à presença Escherichia coli ou coliformes termotolerantes e Coliformes Totais. Foram coletadas doze amostras de água em pontos distintos: um rio Cachoeirinha e os demais na cidade de Muritiba. As análises microbiológicas foram realizadas de acordo com os procedimentos metodológicos descritos de acordo com os procedimentos metodológicos descritos no Manual Prático de Análise de Água. Através das análises realizadas foi possível avaliar se havia a presença ou ausência de bactérias do grupo coliforme; dos doze pontos avaliados, os dez que foram coletados na cidade de Muritiba, tiveram por resultados a ausência de microrganismos, enquanto o do rio Cachoeirinha, teve presença dos ambos microrganismos. Assim, fazem-se necessários cuidados com a água e/ou reservatório para a disponibilização de uma água de qualidade para a população.
OPINIÃO DE DIRETORES QUANTO A INFLUÊNCIA DA COVID-19 NO ASPECTO SÓCIO-EMOCIONAL-AFETIVO DA COMUNIDADE ESCOLAR
Authors: Brandenburg Cristine , Maciel Jocyana Cavalcante da Silva , Baron Miriam Viviane , Costa Bartira Ercília Pinheiro da , Santana José Rogério 
Published: April 2023

O estudo teve como objetivo explicitar a opinião de diretores escolares quanto à influência da COVID-19 no aspecto sócio-emocional-afetivo de alunos, professores, coordenadores e comunidade escolar a fim de contribuir com políticas públicas no âmbito da saúde e educação, em redes públicas de ensino. Tratou-se de um estudo descritivo exploratório transversal realizado em uma rede de ensino pública municipal e estadual, em uma capital brasileira, no período de 02/06/2020 a 02/07/2020. Participaram da pesquisa 172 diretores, que responderam um formulário eletrônico via Google Form, enviado por e-mail. Os dados foram tratados por meio de estatística descritiva simples pelo programa IBM SPSS Statistics 20.0 para Windows 10. Na percepção dos diretores da rede de ensino municipal e estadual, a COVID-19 “influenciou muito” nos aspectos sócio-emocional-afetivo de alunos, professores, coordenadores e comunidade escolar. É necessário, pois, trabalhar em rede com aportes vinculados às novas tecnologias e à saúde emocional na Educação.
A PEDAGOGIA DA INDÚSTRIA E AS CONTRADIÇÕES DA FORMAÇÃO PARA O TRABALHO E A FORMAÇÃO HUMANA: A DIMENSÃO PEDAGÓGICA E TÉCNICA DAS ESCOLAS DO SENAI-PR
Authors: Dominschek Desiré Luciane , Jacomeli Mara Regina Martins 
Published: April 2023

O texto apresenta alguns resultados das análises da pesquisa de Pós-doutorado, que se propôs a investigar a relação pedagógica e didática desenvolvida nas escolas do SENAI-PR (1980 -1990). Em especial, o surgimento do SENAI no Brasil e no Estado do Paraná e seus objetivos quanto à formação do trabalhador da indústria. Nas primeiras cinco décadas de atuação das escolas do SENAI é que métodos tradicionais de ensino se consolidaram, juntamente com o atendimento da demanda do mercado de formação rápida do trabalhador. A análise teve como base a metodologia documental e bibliográfica, visto que o período do estágio de pós-doutorado se deu diretamente no momento pandêmico, o que restringiu a metodologia e utilização de entrevistas. Destacamos como fonte documental o impresso produzido pelos alunos da escola do SENAI de Curitiba-PR, e os relatórios departamentais do SENAI-DN localizados no Centro de Memória do sistema FIEP (Curitiba-PR) no Arquivo Edgard Leuenroth (AEL – UNICAMP/SP).
Determinants for recurrence of febrile seizures in tertiary care hospital
Authors: Marwah Priya , Choudhary Kavita , Mathur Madhu 
Published: April 2023

The present study has been carried out to determine the risk factors associated with recurrent febrile seizures.Thestudy was a hospital based prospective observational study. Risk of factors was evaluated on basis of cumulative analysis of clinical profile of all cases. Every child was followed up for one year. In our study recurrence was seen in 34 (55.7%) subjects. Factors like age less than 1 year at first episode of febrile seizure, fever duration &#60;24 hours and the temperature at the time of seizure &#60; 102.2F had higher association with recurrence while the factors like gender of child, type of febrile seizure, family history of febrile seizure family history of epilepsy, anemia, serum sodium level, duration of seizure and developmental delay were not associated with recurrence of febrile seizures.: The quality of family life can be adversely affected by recurrent febrile seizures and can result in exaggeration of fear and anxiety in parents which further needs to be handled with proper education and counseling regarding febrile seizures.: Identification of the risk factors for recurrence helps to counsel the parents and to address their anxiety during later possible episodes.
Incidence of impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes mellitus in transfusion dependent thalassemia patients of rural Bengal - An institutional study
Authors: Das Sanjushree , Mukhopadhyay Debasis , Jana Sritanu , Jana Kabyashree , Ghosh Tapan 
Published: April 2023

: Thalassemia is the world’s commonest monogenic disorder. Molecular biology and genetics have revealed more than 200 mutations of thalassemia syndrome. These children become symptomatic from progressive haemolytic anaemia. They have to take lifelong treatments with regular packed red blood cell transfusion. Our body has no effective means of iron excretion and this leads to progressive iron accumulation in various organs after prolonged blood transfusion. This results in dysfunction of liver, heart and endocrine system and increased mortality. Iron toxicity to pancreatic beta cell leads to impairment in glucose metabolism. : Our study aims to find out the incidence of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and diabetes mellitus (DM) in transfusion dependent thalassemia major patients. This is an observational descriptive study carried out from January 2017 to June 2018. The study included 48 samples. There post-prandial blood sugar level and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) was analysed. Any proved case of juvenile diabetes mellitus was excluded from the study. We found that the incidence of IGT and DM were 12.5% and 4.16% respectively in our study population. The blood sugar level was significantly high in study group (p=&#60;0.0001) as compared to the control group. The present study showed strong correlation between units of blood transfusion and blood sugar level as well as HbA1C percentage (in both cases p= &#60;0.00001.)Thalassemia patients receiving regular blood transfusion are at increased risk of developing IGT and DM. Early initiation of chelation and judicious use of blood transfusion must be considered for these patients to prevent such complications.
Role of ultrasonography, magnetic resonance imaging in evaluation of female pelvic masses with histopathological correlation
Authors: Malikireddy Pruthvi , Mukku Srinivas Reddy , Baja Nagaraju 
Published: April 2023

Adnexal mass that can be suspected as malignant with ultrasonography can be diagnosed as benign lesion at magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This will help in preventing inappropriate surgery. MRI gives additional information on composition of soft-tissue masses using differences in MR relaxation properties in various tissue, which is not seen in ultrasonography. To evaluate pelvic pathology by ultrasound and MRI for differentiating malignant and benign tumors in adnexal masses compared with histopathology Prospective comparative study was carried out among 30 patients with suspected pelvic masses. Thorough clinical history was taken followed by physical examination. Clinically or ultrasonographically detected suspicious pelvic masses were subjected to MRI and correlated histopathologically. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated for ultrasonography and MRI with histopathology as gold standardMajority were &#60;50 years. Bleeding per vaginum and pain abdomen were most common symptoms in 20% each. As per ultrasonography, most common diagnosis was adnexal mass in 36%. As per MRI, most common diagnosis was ovarian pathology in 47%. As per histopathology, most common diagnosis was cervical cancer, fibroids and benign ovarian pathologies in 20% of cases each. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of USG compared to histopathology was 88.2%; 61.5%; 75% and 80% respectively. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of MRI compared to histopathology was 100%; 92.8%; 84.1% and 100% respectively. On comparison, MRI had better diagnostic accuracy than USG MRI is a very sensitive imaging modality for the evaluation of female patients with suspected or confirmed adnexal masses and disease extent is better evaluated than ultrasonography.
Cardiac troponin I in a representative sample of the Kyrgyz Republic population: distribution, ethnic differences, and association with risk factors
Authors: Kontsevaya А. V. , Polupanov A. G. , Mukaneeva D. K. , Kutsenko V. A. , Yarovaya E. B. , Duishenalieva M. T. , Belinova A. V. , Mamasaidov Zh. A. , Drapkina O. M. 
Published: April 2023

Objective. To assess the distribution of cardiac troponin I (cTnI) in a sample of the Kyrgyz Republic population, to study its associations with risk factors and to identify the possible ethnic differences. Design and methods. This observational cross-sectional study includes a representative sample of the Kyrgyz Republic population aged 20–64 years (n = 1256). The analysis of cTnI levels in the population and associations of cTnI levels with socio-demographic parameters (sex, age, education, etc.), risk factors (smoking, obesity, hypertension, etc.), blood biochemical parameters (triglycerides, lipid profile, glucose) and an anamnesis of cardiovascular diseases and total cardiovascular risk according to the SCORE scale. The statistical significance level was considered equal to 0,05. Results. The median cTnI level in the Kyrgyz sample was 0,90 pg/ml [0,40; 1,80]. The 99th percentile for the entire sample was 21,4 pg/ml in men and 12,2 pg/ml in women. The median cTnI in the Slavs sample was 1,40 pg/ml [0,60; 2,20]. The 99th percentile for the entire sample was 21,2 pg/ml in men and 25,2 pg/ml in women. The cTnI level log increases significantly with age in both men and women. At the age of 20-30 years, the cTnI level in men is higher than in women in both ethnic groups. However, with age, the increase rate of cTnI in women is higher than in men in both ethnic groups. In a multivariate analysis, significant associations of cTnI levels with sex, age, hypertension, stroke, blood levels of total cholesterol and triglycerides were obtained. Insufficient accuracy of classification of study participants by SCORE risk was revealed. Conclusions. cTnI is a potential strong biomarker that complements traditional risk scales and is applicable in the framework of cardiovascular diseases primary prevention strategies, which was confirmed in this study on the Kyrgyz Republic population.