bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical Factors Associated with Intrapartum Presentation Change after Mechanical Cervical Ripening
Authors: Wilkie Gianna , Leung Katherine , Lauring Julianne 
Published: April 2023

Objective The use of mechanical cervical ripening with balloon devices is common during induction of labor; however, there is risk for displacement of the fetal presenting part during its insertion. This study sought to investigate the clinical risk factors associated with an intrapartum presentation change from cephalic to noncephalic presentation after mechanical cervical ripening.
Study Design Data were obtained from the Consortium on Safe Labor, a multicenter retrospective study that abstracted detailed labor and delivery information from electronic medical records in 19 hospitals across the United States. All women with fetal cephalic confirmed position on admission undergoing induction of labor with mechanical cervical ripening were included. Women who had a cesarean delivery for noncephalic presentation were compared with women who had a vaginal delivery or cesarean delivery for other indications. Models were adjusted for nulliparity, multiple gestation, and gestational age.
Results A total of 3,462 women met inclusion criteria, with 1.3% (n = 46) having an intrapartum presentation change from cephalic to noncephalic presentation after mechanical cervical ripening. Those who had a cesarean delivery for an intrapartum presentation change were more likely to be nulliparous (82.6 vs. 65.4%, p = 0.01), less than 34 weeks' gestation (6.5 vs. 1.3%, p = 0.02), and have twins (6.5 vs. 1.2%, p = 0.02). In adjusted analysis, twins were associated with an increased odds of cesarean delivery for intrapartum presentation change (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 4.43; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.25–15.77), whereas multiparity reduced the odds (aOR: 0.38; 95% CI: 0.17–0.82).
Conclusion Nulliparity and multifetal gestation are associated with a cesarean delivery for an intrapartum presentation change after mechanical cervical ripening.
Key Points
Synthesis of a Heavy-Atom-Free BODIPY and its Photooxygenation of 1-Naphthol to 1,4-Naphthoquinone
Authors: Jiang Xin-Dong , Zhou Meizhu , Hu Xinhu , Zhang Dongxiang , Cui Tianfang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBy using 1,5,6,7-dihydro-4H-indol-4-one, a carbonyl group was introduced onto a BODIPY photosensitizer. The resulting heavy-atom-free BODIPY is a highly effective producer of singlet oxygen with a calculated quantum yield (ΦΔ) of 0.68, compared with that of methylene blue (ΦΔ = 0.57). Photooxygenation of 1-naphthol to 1,4-naphthoquinone was achieved by using this heavy-atom-free BODIPY catalyst in the presence of white-light irradiation under air atmosphere. Our work demonstrated a practical example of the design of a heavy-atom-free BODIPY, capable of efficient singlet-oxygen generation, with a potential in photocatalysis.
A Rare Case of Fallopian Tube Metastasis Presenting as a Solitary Breast Mass
Authors: Sharma Swati , Padilla Rebekah , Marji Noor , Sharma Smita 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMetastases to the breast from a nonmammary primary are rare. Primary fallopian tube carcinoma is one of the rarest malignancies of the female genital tract. Therefore, breast metastases from primary fallopian tube carcinoma are considered extremely rare.In this article, we shared the case of serous carcinoma of fallopian tube with metastasis to an intramammary lymph node, presenting as a solitary breast mass. On initial staging 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography for this patient with serous carcinoma of fallopian tube, a solitary FDG avid breast mass was found, along with FDG avid multistation nodes. The breast mass was evaluated with diagnostic mammogram and ultrasound and eventually biopsy of this mass revealed metastatic lymph node from carcinoma of fallopian tube origin.
Surgical and Patient-Reported Outcomes of Open Perforator-Preserving Anterior Component Separation for Ventral Hernia Repair
Authors: Bustos Samyd S. , Kuruoglu Doga , Truty Mark J. , Sharaf Basel A. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background Abdominal wall reconstruction is challenging for surgeons and may be life altering for patients. There are scant high-quality studies on patient-reported outcomes following abdominal wall reconstruction. We assess long-term surgical and patient-reported outcomes of perforator-preserving open anterior component separation (OPP-ACS) following large ventral hernia repair.
Methods A retrospective review of patients with large ventral hernia defects who underwent OPP-ACS performed by the authors (B.A.S., M.J.T.) was conducted between 2015 and 2019. Demographics, surgical history, operative details, outcomes, and complications were extracted. A validated questionnaire, Carolinas Comfort Scale (CCS), was used to assess postoperative quality of life.
Results Twenty-two patients (12 males and 10 females) with a mean age and BMI of 60.9 ± 10 years and 28.9 ± 4.8 kg/m2, respectively, were included. Mean follow-up was 28.5 ± 16.3 months. All had prior abdominal surgery; 15 (68%) for abdominopelvic malignancy, 3 (14%) for previous failed hernia repair, and 8 (36%) had history of abdominopelvic radiation. Overall, 16 (73%) hernias were in the midline, 4 (18%) in the right lower quadrant, 1 (4.5%) in the right upper quadrant, and 1 (4.5%) in the left lower quadrant. Mean hernia defect surface area was 145 ± 112 cm2. A total of 9 patients (40.9%) underwent bilateral component separation, whereas 13 (59.1%) had unilateral. Bioprosthetic mesh was used in all patients as underlay. Mean mesh size and thickness were 545.6 ± 207.7 cm2 and 3.4 ± 0.5 mm, respectively. One patient presented with a minor wound dehiscence, and two presented with seromas not requiring aspiration/evacuation. One patient had hernia recurrence 22 months after surgery. One patient was readmitted for partial small bowel obstruction and one required wound revision. A total of 14 (65%) patients responded to the CCS questionnaire. At 12 months, mean score for all 23 items was 0.29 ± 0.21 (0.08–0.62), which corresponds to absence or minimal symptoms.
Conclusion The OPP-ACS is a safe surgical option for large, complex ventral hernias. Our cases showed minimal complication rate and hernia recurrence, and our patients reported significant improvement in life quality.
Patient-Reported Outcome–Based Prediction for Postdischarge Complications after Lung Surgery
Authors: Yang Ding , Wei Xing , Hong Qian , Zhao Chenguang , Mu Juwei 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background Patients undergoing lung tumor surgery may experience various complications after discharge from the hospital. Using patient-reported outcomes (PROs), this study attempted to identify relevant indicators of postdischarge complications after lung tumor surgery and develop a predictive nomogram model to evaluate the risk for individual patients.
Methods Patients who underwent lung tumor surgery between December 2021 and June 2022 were included in this study. PROs were assessed using the Perioperative Symptom Assessment for Lung Surgery scale and were assessed preoperatively at baseline, on postoperative day 1 (POD1) 1 to POD4, and then weekly until the fourth week. A random forest machine learning prediction model was built to rank the importance of each PRO score of patients on POD1 to POD4. We then selected the top 10 variables in terms of importance for the multivariable logistic regression analysis. Finally, a nomogram was developed.
Results PROs, including coughing (POD3 and POD4), daily activity (POD1), and pain (POD1 and POD2), were associated with postdischarge complications in patients undergoing lung tumor surgery. The predictive model showed good performance in estimating the risk of postdischarge complications, with an area under the curve of 0.833 (95% confidence interval: 0.753–0.912), while maintaining good calibration and clinical value.
Conclusion We found that PRO scores on POD1 to POD4 were associated with postdischarge complications after lung tumor surgery, and we developed a helpful nomogram model to predict the risk of postdischarge complications.
Grand strategy and the construction of the national interest: the underpinnings of Sino-US strategic competition
Authors: Mokry Sabine 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe ubiquity of Sino-US strategic competition calls for uncovering its underpinnings by systematically comparing their grand strategies. This article examines how both governments have constructed their countries’ national interest since the 2008 global financial crisis. Through quantitative content analysis, it traces the relative salience of different components of the construction of the national interest detailing differences and shifts in emphasis and divergences within both governments. Whereas the Chinese government increasingly emphasized taking on a leadership role in international affairs, the US government became more concerned about the country’s security and economic standing. Between Chinese actors, the most pronounced divergence appeared regarding the importance of territorial defense. US actors disagreed about the importance of promoting the country’s values abroad. These findings suggest that a long-term perspective is needed to uncover the underpinnings of great power competition. Researchers and policy-makers must listen to different foreign policy actors, even under centralized authoritarian rule.
Biogenic carbon pool production maintains the Southern Ocean carbon sink
Authors: Huang Yibin , Fassbender Andrea J. , Bushinsky Seth M. 
Published: April 2023

Through biological activity, marine dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) is transformed into different types of biogenic carbon available for export to the ocean interior, including particulate organic carbon (POC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and particulate inorganic carbon (PIC). Each biogenic carbon pool has a different export efficiency that impacts the vertical ocean carbon gradient and drives natural air–sea carbon dioxide gas (CO
2
) exchange. In the Southern Ocean (SO), which presently accounts for ~40% of the anthropogenic ocean carbon sink, it is unclear how the production of each biogenic carbon pool contributes to the contemporary air–sea CO
2
exchange. Based on 107 independent observations of the seasonal cycle from 63 biogeochemical profiling floats, we provide the basin-scale estimate of distinct biogenic carbon pool production. We find significant meridional variability with enhanced POC production in the subantarctic and polar Antarctic sectors and enhanced DOC production in the subtropical and sea-ice-dominated sectors. PIC production peaks between 47°S and 57°S near the “great calcite belt.” Relative to an abiotic SO, organic carbon production enhances CO
2
uptake by 2.80 ± 0.28 Pg C y
−
1
, while PIC production diminishes CO
2
uptake by 0.27 ± 0.21 Pg C y
−
1
. Without organic carbon production, the SO would be a CO
2
source to the atmosphere. Our findings emphasize the importance of DOC and PIC production, in addition to the well-recognized role of POC production, in shaping the influence of carbon export on air–sea CO
2
exchange.
On uniqueness and ill-posedness for the deautoconvolution problem in the multi-dimensional case
Authors: Hofmann Bernd , Werner Frank , Deng Yu 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This paper analyzes the inverse problem of deautoconvolution in the multi-dimensional case with respect to solution uniqueness and ill-posedness. Deautoconvolution means here the reconstruction of a real-valued L
2-function with support in the n-dimensional unit cube

[
0
,
1

]
n

from observations of its autoconvolution either in the full data case (i.e. on

[
0
,
2

]
n

) or in the limited data case (i.e. on

[
0
,
1

]
n

). Based on multi-dimensional variants of the Titchmarsh convolution theorem due to Lions and Mikusiński, we prove in the full data case a twofoldness assertion, and in the limited data case uniqueness of non-negative solutions for which the origin belongs to the support. The latter assumption is also shown to be necessary for any uniqueness statement in the limited data case. A glimpse of rate results for regularized solutions completes the paper.
Charge relaxation associated with photon-induced deactivation of various traps in MAPbI3 films
Authors: Chien F S-S , Herawati A , Ho C-M , Hsiao H-L , Lim T-S , Wang C R , Ng K-K , Das S , Kao F-J , Wu M-C 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Photon-induced deactivation of traps in MAPbI3 can strongly affect charge relaxation behavior. Charge relaxation associated with photo-induced deactivation of various traps in MAPbI3 films was investigated through steady-state and time-resolved photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy under laser excitation at 635 and 430 nm to investigate the properties of the traps. Three types of traps that could be deactivated by photons were observed in the MAPbI3 films, namely TL, TH, and TGB. TL and TH, which were related to MAPbI3 bulk, had low and high photon energy thresholds (red and blue photons) for deactivation, respectively. TGB was related to the traps at grain boundaries in MAPbI3 and had a low photon energy threshold (red photons) for deactivation. The energy level of TGB was higher than that of the conduction band of MAPbI3. Under blue excitation, TGB mediated a fast nonradiative recombination at few nanoseconds, and TL and TH mediated a slow nonradiative recombination at few 100 ns. The fast nonradiative recombination led to a significantly low initial normalized photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) (1/22) under blue excitation, compared with that obtained under red excitation (1/4). The deactivation of TL and TH resulted in increases in both the amplitude of PL and recombination time. The deactivation of TGB resulted only in a significant increase in PLQY of blue excitation.
Carrier removal rates in 1.1 MeV proton irradiated α-Ga2O3 (Sn)
Authors: Polyakov A Y , Nikolaev V I , Pechnikov A I , Lagov P B , Shchemerov I V , Vasilev A A , Chernykh A V , Kochkova A I , Guzilova L , Pavlov Yu S , Kulevoy T V , Doroshkevich A S , Isaev R Sh , Panichkin A V , Pearton S J 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Films of α-Ga2O3 (Sn) grown by halide vapor phase epitaxy on sapphire with donor densities in the range 5 × 1015–8.4 × 1019 cm−3 were irradiated at 25 °C with 1.1 MeV protons to fluences from 1013 to 1016 cm−2. For the lowest doped samples, the carrier removal rate was ∼35 cm−1 at 1014 cm−2 and ∼1.3 cm−1 for 1015 cm−2 proton fluence. The observed removal rate could be accounted for by introduction of deep acceptors with optical ionization energies of 2 eV, 2.8 eV and 3.1 eV. For samples doped at 4 × 1018 cm−3, the initial electron removal rate was 5 × 103 cm−1 for 1015 cm−2 fluence and ∼300 cm−1 for 1016 cm−2 fluence. The same deep acceptors were observed in photocapacitance spectra, but their introduction rate was orders of magnitude lower than the carrier removal rate. For the heaviest doped samples, the electron removal rate was close to that for the 4 × 1018 cm−3 sample. The radiation tolerance of lightly doped α-Ga2O3 is higher than for similarly doped β-Ga2O3 layers.
Resistive switching study on diffusive memristors using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy
Authors: Gabbitas A , Pattnaik D P , Zhou Z , Borisov P 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Diffusive memristors demonstrate volatile resistive switching powered by the diffusion of silver nanoparticles through the matrix of silicon dioxide. The equivalent circuit of the high resistance state has been studied via electrochemical impedance spectroscopy for two types of devices which demonstrate either analog or abrupt switching characteristics. It was found that the resistance component has a relatively good agreement with the differential resistance obtained from the I–V curves, whereas the capacitance visibly increases in the analog switching devices with increasing bias voltage as its conductive precursor filament starts forming with increasing voltage and redistribution of silver nanoparticles starts to occur at the top electrodes. Such an effect is not observed for abrupt switching device, which rapidly enters its conductive state for a small increase in bias voltage. This experimental approach allows for the identification of different types of electrical circuit behaviors in a memristive device, even before resistive switching takes place.
Intrinsic and extrinsic dopings in epitaxial films MnBi2Te4
Authors: He Mengyun , Fu Yu , Huang Yu , Sun Huimin , Guo Tengyu , Lin Wenlu , Zhu Yu , Zhang Yan , Liu Yang , Yu Guoqiang , He Qing Lin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The intrinsic antiferromagnetic topological insulator MnBi2Te4 and members of its family have been the subject of theoretical and experimental research, which has revealed the presence of a variety of defects and disorders that are crucial in determining the topological and magnetic properties. This also brings about challenges in realizing the quantum states like the quantum anomalous Hall and the axion insulator states. Here, utilizing cryogenic magnetoelectric transport and magnetic measurements, we systematically investigate the effects arising from intrinsic doping by antisite defects and extrinsic doping by Sb in MnBi2Te4 epitaxial films grown by molecular beam epitaxy. We demonstrate that the nonequilibrium condition in epitaxy allows a wide growth window for optimizing the crystalline quality and defect engineering. While the intrinsic antisite defects caused by the intermixing between Bi and Mn can be utilized to tune the Fermi level position as evidenced by a p-to-n conductivity transition, the extrinsic Sb-doping not only compensates for this doping effect but also modifies the magnetism and topology of the film, during which a topological phase transition is developed. Conflicting reports from the theoretical calculations and experimental measurements in bulk crystals versus epitaxial films are addressed, which highlights the intimate correlation between the magnetism and topology as well as the balance between the Fermi-level positioning and defect control. The present study provides an experimental support for the epitaxial growth of the intrinsic topological insulator and underlines that the topology, magnetism, and defect engineering should be revisited for enabling a steady and reliable film production.
Tunable electronic and optical properties of MoTe2/InSe heterostructure via external electric field and strain engineering
Authors: Liang Kanghao , Wang Jing , Wei Xing , Zhang Yan , Fan Jibin , Ni Lei , Yang Yun , Liu Jian , Tian Ye , Wang Xuqiang , Yuan Chongrong , Duan Li 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Based on first-principles calculation under density functional theory, the geometry, electronic and optical properties of the MoTe2/InSe heterojunction have been investigated. The results reveal that the MoTe2/InSe heterojunction has a typical type-Ⅱ band alignment and exhibits an indirect bandgap of 0.99 eV. In addition, the Z-scheme electron transport mechanism is capable of efficiently separating photogenerated carriers. The bandgap of the heterostructure changes regularly under applied electric field and exhibits a significant Giant Stark effect. Under an applied electric field of 0.5 V Å−1, the band alignment of the heterojunction shifts from type-Ⅱ to type-I. The application of strain produced comparable changes in the heterojunction. More importantly, the transition from semiconductor to metal is completed in the heterostructure under the applied electric field and strain. Furthermore, the MoTe2/InSe heterojunction retains the optical properties of two monolayers and produces greater light absorption on this basis, especially for UV light. The above results offer a theoretical basis for the application of MoTe2/InSe heterostructure in the next generation of photodetectors.
Frustration shapes multi-channel Kondo physics: a star graph perspective
Authors: Patra Siddhartha , Mukherjee Abhirup , Mukherjee Anirban , Vidhyadhiraja N S , Taraphder A , Lal Siddhartha 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We study the overscreened multi-channel Kondo (MCK) model using the recently developed unitary renormalisation group technique. Our results display the importance of ground state degeneracy in explaining various important properties like the breakdown of screening and the presence of local non-Fermi liquids (NFLs). The impurity susceptibility of the intermediate coupling fixed point Hamiltonian in the zero-bandwidth (or star graph) limit shows a power-law divergence at low temperature. Despite the absence of inter-channel coupling in the MCK fixed point Hamiltonian, the study of mutual information between any two channels shows non-zero correlation between them. A spectral flow analysis of the star graph reveals that the degenerate ground state manifold possesses topological quantum numbers. Upon disentangling the impurity spin from its partners in the star graph, we find the presence of a local Mott liquid arising from inter-channel scattering processes. The low energy effective Hamiltonian obtained upon adding a finite non-zero conduction bath dispersion to the star graph Hamiltonian for both the two and three-channel cases displays the presence of local NFLs arising from inter-channel quantum fluctuations. Specifically, we confirm the presence of a local marginal Fermi liquid in the two channel case, whose properties show logarithmic scaling at low temperature as expected. Discontinuous behaviour is observed in several measures of ground state entanglement, signalling the underlying orthogonality catastrophe associated with the degenerate ground state manifold. We extend our results to underscreened and perfectly screened MCK models through duality arguments. A study of channel anisotropy under renormalisation flow reveals a series of quantum phase transitions due to the change in ground state degeneracy. Our work thus presents a template for the study of how a degenerate ground state manifold arising from symmetry and duality properties in a multichannel quantum impurity model can lead to novel multicritical phases at intermediate coupling.
Highly stable graphene oxide/nylon membrane for molecular separation
Authors: Alemayehu Haftu Gebrekiros , Hailu Rshan Beyene , Taddesse Paulos 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO), due to its one-atom-thick structure and enriched oxygenated functionalities, is a promising candidate material to develop nanofiltration membranes to tackle the current worldwide water shortage. However, the stability of the GO membrane in an aqueous environment and its long-term operation remains unresolved. These issues greatly affect the mass transfer in the GO membrane. Here, we fabricate an ultrathin GO membrane on a nylon substrate within 5 min with the help of vacuum filtration for molecular separation. Thus, GO/nylon membranes dried in an oven at temperatures of 70 °C show greater aqueous solution stability than those dried at room temperature. To validate the stability, both GO membranes were immersed in DI water for 20 d. As a result, the GO/nylon membrane dried at room temperature was completely detached from the substrate within 12 h, whereas the GO/nylon membrane that dried at 70 °C remained stable for more than 20 d without any physical damage. We suppose the enhanced stability is due to the thermally induced balance in electrostatic repulsion resulting in stabilizing of the GO membrane. This method improves the GO membrane’s operating time, selectivity, and permeability. Therefore, the optimized GO/nylon membrane shows higher rejection of organic dyes (∼100%) and good selectivity for sulfate salts such as Na2SO4 and MgSO4 (>80%). The membrane continuously operates for more than 60 h with only a 30% water permeability decline and 100% rejection of dyes. We believe that the drying of GO/nylon membranes at a moderate temperature is important for enhanced separation performance and stability. This drying technique can be applied to other applications.