bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ex vivo evaluation of the sensitivity of modified average speed of sound estimation method
Authors: Nitta Naotaka , Washio Toshikatsu 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The speed of sound (SoS), which is the propagation speed of longitudinal waves, is expected to be effective for the early detection and monitoring of diseases. Several methods that use handheld probes have been proposed to estimate the SoS. In this study, a modified average SoS estimation method, referred to as the improved focusing method, is proposed to increase the accuracy of average SoS estimation. In the proposed method, a plane wave was transmitted, and the center-element position-dependent variations in the SoS estimation were reduced. Ex vivo experiments were conducted using chicken liver to evaluate the applicability and sensitivity of the proposed method to actual tissues. The livers were subjected to continuous temperature changes to induce changes in the SoS. The results suggest that the improved focusing method measures the average SoS accurately as well as small SoS changes of approximately 1.5 m·s−1·°C−1.
Conclusions of potato resistant perspective sources search to potato brown rot
Authors: Krym I. 
Published: April 2023

Goal. The laboratory technique for potato varieties resistance determining to potato brown rot causative agent during artificial infecting improves and potential resistance sources search for the following breeding work usage.
Methods. The laboratory methods conducted by artificial affecting of plant material by suspension of potato brown rot — tubers parts in tubes and plants’ aboveground part, which grew in artificial substrate during studies. It allowed to follow the standard terms in repetition researches.
Results. The resistance (susceptibility) to potato brown rot determined on 63 potato samples of different origin in controlled laboratory terms. The healthy well-developed plants after opening 5—6 plants selected for experiments. They grew on artificial substrate. It allowed to provide comfortability and velocity of work, follow the standard terms during the put of some repeatability of experiment, conduct terms of phytosanitary security, decrease number of waste, for the retreating. The fast disease development observed after aboveground plant affecting by bacterium suspension. There were the following symptoms: ill leaves faded, changing colour on brown or bronze. They curled and then died, the stem became brown color around the vascular bundle. It spread from inoculation place. Then the plants faded through the destroy of water transport by pathogen defeating vessels. It was the most spread on varieties Agatha, Vedruska, Volodarka, Gorlytsya, Malynska bila,Solntsedar or Phantasy. The lowest defeating received varieties Glazurna, Knyazha, Kobza, Lugivska, Poliske dzerelo, Prolisok, Slauta, Strumok and Favor.
Conclusions. There were any varieties with enough resistance (susceptibility) to brown rot determined among the researched samples in laboratory terms. So there are no varieties with enough resistance for the following breeding work. This technique of researched plants growing may be used for laboratory testing conducting on varieties resistance and to other phytopathogens.
Fungicide protection of winter canola crops against the most common diseases
Authors: Sergienko V. , Shyta O. , Mykhailenko S. 
Published: April 2023

Goal. To investigate the effect of fungicides on limiting the development of the most common diseases of winter rapeseed in the Forest Steppe of Ukraine.
Methods. Field (setting up experiments, damage records, harvesting), phytopathological (identification of pathogens), information-analytical (collection and analysis of literary sources), mathematical-statistical (processing of research results). The work was carried out on the experimental fields of the Oleksandriya SE EB of the Belotserkiv district of the Kyiv region. Fungicides with different active substances were studied: azoxystrobin + cyproconazole, flutriafol + tebuconazole, boscalid + dimoxystrobin, metalaxyl-M + mancozeb, prothioconazole + tebuconazole, tebuconazole.
Results. The weather conditions of the growing season during the research years were characterized by high average daily air temperature and insufficient rainfall and did not contribute to the widespread spread of rapeseed diseases. Alternaria caused by fungi of the Alternaria genus (A. brassicae (Berk.) Sacc., A. brassicicola Wilts. (Schw.), A. alternata (Fr.) Keissler) had the greatest spread and development during the years of research. In some years, downy mildew (the causative agent of the fungus Perenospora brassicae Gaeum) and fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum Schlecht.) were detected on rapeseed crops with a small degree of spread and development. Treatment of crops with fungicides limited the development of rapeseed diseases during the growing season by 2.3—4.0 times. The technical efficiency of fungicides against Alternaria was on average 57.2—78.5%, against downy mildew — 69.5—73.9%. The highest effectiveness against Alternaria was provided by the Impact T fungicide, k.s. (flutriafol, 75 g/l + tebuconazole, 225 g/l), 1.0 l/ha, against downy mildew — Amistar Extra 280 SC (azoxystro­bin, 200 + cyproconazole, 80), 1.0 l/ha. Limiting the development of diseases helped to increase its yield. With the use of fungicides, the yield of rapeseed was at the level of 1.61—1.83 t/ha against 1.38 in the control, i.e. it was 16.7—32.6% higher.
Conclusions. The most common diseases of winter rape during the years of research in the Right Bank Forest Steppe zone of Ukraine were Alternaria, Peronosporosis and Fusarium wilt. The dominant position in all years was occupied by Alternaria, the prevalence of which was 100%. The investigated fungicides had an effective effect on limiting the development of diseases and contributed to an increase in crop yield.
The potato terms of planting on alternaria blight development and tubers yield
Authors: Gavriluck A. , Rozhok O. 
Published: April 2023

Goal. To study potato terms of planting on yield by different by ripening varieties during the growing in terms of Western Forest steppe of Ukraine.
Methods. The researches conducted during 2021—2022 in breeding-seeding rotation on the base Ukrainian Research Plant Quarantine Station of Institute of Plant Protection of NAAS. The experiments conducted on 4 potato varieties of different groups of ripening (Tiras-early, Myroslava — mid-ripe, Fotinia-mid-ripe, and Chervona Ruta — mid-late). The spraying against Colorado beetle conducted by insecticide Ampligo 150ZC, FC. The seeds treating according to the generally approved technique for Western Forest steppe of Ukraine.
Results. The researches results proposed about potato terms of planting on disease development during the growing period and its’yield. The potato alternaria blight development observation showed that air temperature, variety resistance define the disease development. The hot weather and humidity deficiency observed during the studies years. It favored the disease development. The early-ripe variety Tiras’dlisease development consisted of 46.5—50.2% and the yield consisted of 4.40—4.45 t/ha. The level of alternaria blight in mid-ripe variety Fotini reached 39.1—42.5%, the yield meaning — 4.47—4.51 t/ha. The disease development for late-ripe variety Chervona Ruta was 33.5—34.9%, the tubers economic yield consisted 4.26—4.30 t/ha.
Conclusions. The researches results showed that the following planting term for varieties allowed to decrease level of alternaria blight development and allowed to increase the crop yield.
A Collapsar Origin for GRB 211211A Is (Just Barely) Possible
Authors: Barnes Jennifer , Metzger Brian D. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) have historically been divided into two classes. Short-duration GRBs are associated with binary neutron star mergers (NSMs), while long-duration bursts are connected to a subset of core-collapse supernovae (SNe). GRB 211211A recently made headlines as the first long-duration burst purportedly generated by an NSM. The evidence for an NSM origin was excess optical and near-infrared emission consistent with the kilonova observed after the gravitational-wave-detected NSM GW170817. Kilonovae derive their unique electromagnetic signatures from the properties of the heavy elements synthesized by rapid neutron capture (the r-process) following the merger. Recent simulations suggest that the “collapsar” SNe that trigger long GRBs may also produce r-process elements. While observations of GRB 211211A and its afterglow rule out an SN typical of those that follow long GRBs, an unusual collapsar could explain both the duration of GRB 211211A and the r-process-powered excess in its afterglow. We use semianalytic radiation transport modeling to evaluate low-mass collapsars as the progenitors of GRB 211211A–like events. We compare a suite of collapsar models to the afterglow-subtracted emission that followed GRB 211211A, and find the best agreement for models with high kinetic energies and an unexpected pattern of 56Ni enrichment. We discuss how core-collapse explosions could produce such ejecta, and how distinct our predictions are from those generated by more straightforward kilonova models. We also show that radio observations can distinguish between kilonovae and the more massive collapsar ejecta we consider here.
Identification of a Helium Donor Star in NGC 247 ULX-1
Authors: Zhou Changxing , Feng Hua , Bian Fuyan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
With Very Large Telescope Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) observations, we detected highly variable helium emission lines from the optical counterpart of the supersoft ultraluminous X-ray source (ULX) NGC 247 ULX-1. No Balmer lines can be seen in the source spectrum. This is the first evidence for the presence of a helium donor star in ULXs, consistent with a prediction that helium donor stars may be common in ULXs. The helium lines with an FWHM of about 200 km s−1 are likely produced on the outer accretion disk. Their strong variation implies that the central X-ray source can be significantly obscured to the outer disk. Also, a ring or a double-ring structure is revealed in the MUSE image. It is unknown whether or not it is related to the progenitor of the ULX binary.
Kelvin–Helmholtz Instability at Mars: In Situ Observations and Kinetic Simulations
Authors: Wang Lei , Huang Can , Du Aimin , Ge Yasong , Chen Guo , Yang Zhongwei , Li Songyan , Zhang Kuixiang 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Kelvin–Helmholtz (K-H) instability is a fundamental boundary instability between two fluids with different speeds, exchanging the mass, momentum, and energy across the boundary. Although the K-H instability has been suggested to play a critical role in atmospheric ion loss on Mars, the knowledge about its formation and evolution is still poor, due to the limitation of spacecraft missions and a dearth of dedicated simulation codes. In this study, we combine observations from the Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN mission and global 3D kinetic simulations to investigate the solar wind–Mars interaction. For the first time, it is found that K-H waves prominently appear in the −E hemisphere, which is attributed to the stronger proton velocity shear therein associated with the asymmetric diamagnetic drift motion of protons. The K-H instability is mainly excited in the −E hemisphere and propagates downstream along the boundary, with the waves also able to be generated near the subsolar point. The K-H waves produce plasma clouds with a net oxygen ion escape rate of about 1.5 × 1024 s−1, contributing to almost half of the global loss on present-day Mars. This heavy ion escape pattern associated with K-H instability is cyclic and could occur on other nonmagnetized planets, potentially influencing planetary atmosphere evolution and habitability.
Solar Cycle 25 Prediction Using N-BEATS
Authors: Su Xu , Liang Bo , Feng Song , Dai Wei , Yang Yunfei 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Solar activities lead to Sun variation with an 11 yr periodicity. The periodic variation affects space weather and heliophysics research. So it is important to accurately predict solar cycle variations. In this paper, we predicted the ongoing Solar Cycle 25 using neural basis expansion analysis for the interpretable time series deep learning method. 13 months of smoothed monthly total sunspot numbers taken by sunspot Index and Long-term Solar Observations are selected to train and evaluate our model. We used root mean square error (RMSE) and mean absolute time lag (MATL) to evaluate our model performance. RMSE and MATL measure the difference between our predicted values and the actual values along the Y- and X-axis, respectively. The RMSE value is 26.62 ± 1.56 and the MATL value is 1.34 ± 0.35, demonstrating that our model is able to better predict sunspot number variation. Finally, we predicted the variation of the sunspot numbers for Solar Cycle 25 using the model. The sunspot number of Solar Cycle 25 will peak around 2024 February with an amplitude of 133.9 ± 7.2. This means that Solar Cycle 25 will be slightly more intense than Solar Cycle 24.
Thermodynamic and Magnetic Topology Evolution of the X1.0 Flare on 2021 October 28 Simulated by a Data-driven Radiative Magnetohydrodynamic Model
Authors: Guo J. H. , Ni Y. W. , Zhong Z. , Guo Y. , Xia C. , Li H. T. , Poedts S. , Schmieder B. , Chen P. F. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Solar filament eruptions, flares, and coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are manifestations of drastic releases of energy in the magnetic field, which are related to many eruptive phenomena, from the Earth’s magnetosphere to black hole accretion disks. With the availability of high-resolution magnetograms on the solar surface, observational data-based modeling is a promising way to quantitatively study the underlying physical mechanisms behind observations. By incorporating thermal conduction and radiation losses in the energy equation, we develop a new data-driven radiative magnetohydrodynamic model, which has the capability of capturing the thermodynamic evolution compared to our previous zero-β model. Our numerical results reproduce the major observational characteristics of the X1.0 flare on 2021 October 28 in NOAA active region 12887, including the morphology of the eruption, the kinematics of the flare ribbons, extreme ultraviolet (EUV) radiations, and the two components of the EUV waves predicted by the magnetic stretching model, i.e., a fast-mode shock wave and a slower apparent wave, due to successive stretching of the magnetic field lines. Moreover, some intriguing phenomena are revealed in the simulation. We find that flare ribbons separate initially and ultimately stop at the outer stationary quasi-separatrix layers (QSLs). Such outer QSLs correspond to the border of the filament channel and determine the final positions of flare ribbons, which can be used to predict the size and the lifetime of a flare before it occurs. In addition, the side views of the synthesized EUV and white-light images exhibit typical three-part structures of CMEs, where the bright leading front is roughly cospatial with the nonwave component of the EUV wave, reinforcing the use of the magnetic stretching model for the slow component of EUV waves.
Can the Gravitational Effect of Planet X be Detected in Current-era Tracking of the Known Major and Minor Planets?
Authors: Gomes Daniel C. H. , Murray Zachary , Gomes Rafael C. H. , Holman Matthew J. , Bernstein Gary M. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Using Fisher information matrices, we forecast the uncertainties σ

M
on the measurement of a “Planet X” at heliocentric distance d

X
via its tidal gravitational field’s action on the known planets. Using planetary measurements currently in hand, including ranging from the Juno, Cassini, and Mars-orbiting spacecraft, we forecast a median uncertainty (over all sky positions) of

σ

M

=
0.22

M

⊕

(

d

x

/

400

au

)

3

.

A 5σ detection of a 5 M
⊕ Planet X at d

X
= 400 au should be possible over the full sky but over only 5% of the sky at d

X
= 800 au. The gravity of an undiscovered Earth- or Mars-mass object should be detectable over 90% of the sky to a distance of 260 or 120 au, respectively. Upcoming Mars ranging improves these limits only slightly. We also investigate the power of high-precision astrometry of ≈8000 Jovian Trojans over the 2023–2035 period from the upcoming Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST). We find that the dominant systematic errors in optical Trojan astrometry (photocenter motion, nongravitational forces, and differential chromatic refraction) can be solved internally with minimal loss of information. The Trojan data allow cross-checks with Juno/Cassini/Mars ranging, but do not significantly improve the best achievable σ

M
values until they are ≳10× more accurate than expected from LSST. The ultimate limiting factor in searches for a Planet X tidal field is confusion with the tidal field created by the fluctuating quadrupole moment of the Kuiper Belt as its members orbit. This background will not, however, become the dominant source of uncertainty until the data get substantially better than they are today.
La proximité dans la Gendarmerie, un cercle vertueux
Authors: Rodriguez Christian 
Published: April 2023

La proximité est au cœur du modèle de la Gendarmerie. Pour bien protéger la population, il faut la connaître, mais aussi être présent, visible et accessible sur la voie publique. La stratégie GEND 20.24 vise ainsi à proposer aux Français une protection sur mesure, adaptée à leurs attentes comme aux spécificités de chaque territoire. Pour cela, la Gendarmerie s’appuie sur son réseau de brigades territoriales qu’elle renforce. Dans le cadre de la LOPMI, elle crée 200 brigades nouvelles dont l’implantation sera déterminée par les besoins de la population. La Gendarmerie développe aussi un nouveau paradigme opérationnel, le « aller vers », soit plus de mobilité pour plus de proximité. À cet égard, le numérique et les IA constituent une opportunité majeure, dès lors qu’ils sont au service de l’humain. Car, en définitive, c’est bien l’humain qui assure le « dernier kilomètre ».
Le temps est venu de penser l’école de la pensée
Authors: Bouvier Alain 
Published: April 2023

La crise sanitaire a appelé à des remises à plat des organismes publics et privés. Par ailleurs, la réforme de l’État, donc aussi de l’Éducation nationale, se poursuit. Le moment est donc opportun pour rêver d’une nouvelle école, basée sur la proximité, le numérique et l’innovation des équipes, comme évoqué dans cet essai : L’école de mes rêves. Nouveaux propos d’un mocking bird (éd. L’Harmattan, coll. Aurora).
Justice et proximité : illustration par la justice civile
Authors: Cazanave Gilles 
Published: April 2023

Rapprocher la justice des citoyens. Telle est la visée du « plan d’actions » que le garde des sceaux a exposé le 5 janvier 2023. La justice avait été faite priorité du premier quinquennat. À l’occasion des « chantiers de la justice », le Premier ministre, Édouard Philippe, avait rappelé en 2017 que « dans un État de droit, rien n’est possible sans une justice forte ; si elle est lente, lointaine ou inégalitaire, ou même seulement trop complexe, la confiance se trouve fragilisée ». L’institution est complexe : cinq grands réseaux (judiciaire général, prud’homal, commercial, administratif, financier) 2 , cinq sortes de magistrats, trois types et deux ordres de juridictions, huit principaux codes de procédures. Il faut dégager les voies de la proximité au défi de cette complexité, seuls des ajustements apparaissant possibles à proche échéance (la carte des Cours d’appel, la réunion de fonctions gestionnaires et administratives en un lieu par département et région). Rendre la justice selon des proximités pertinentes est une ambition nécessaire et délicate, une affaire urgente mais de longue haleine, qui doit emprunter plusieurs voies visant à être concordantes.
Santé de proximité : pour un service public territorial de santé
Authors: Bizard Frédéric 
Published: April 2023

Le délitement des principaux services publics a des répercussions sociales, politiques et économiques dans la plupart des territoires de la République. Les difficultés croissantes d’accès à la santé (soins et bonne santé) s’inscrivent dans ce délitement d’un pilier du bien commun, qui a été une vraie force dans la société française du XX e siècle. La solution viendra de la reconstruction du système à partir du socle historique de la notion de service public, en l’adaptant aux défis contemporains de la santé.
La proximité à la Poste, une nécessité du XXI e siècle
Authors: Imbert Yannick 
Published: April 2023

Depuis plus de 600 ans, La Poste est dans l’ADN des territoires. Par son maillage exceptionnel de 17 000 points de contact dans toute la France, par la présence quotidienne de ses 250 000 postiers, par l’accueil de 900 000 personnes par jour dans ses bureaux de poste, par la livraison de 2,6 milliards de colis par an, par ses quatre missions de service public, La Poste est inscrite dans la vie quotidienne de nos concitoyens. La proximité est son métier.
La proximité au cœur de l’intervention de la Banque des Territoires
Authors: Rossat-Mignod Gisèle 
Published: April 2023

La Banque des Territoires se veut au plus proche des besoins des territoires, pour répondre au plus juste aux grands enjeux locaux de transformation écologique et de cohésion sociale auxquels ils sont confrontés. Depuis sa création, elle a renforcé et étendu son réseau en conséquence. Cette proximité se traduit au quotidien dans ses interventions pour : - accompagner les projets des collectivités ; - réduire la fracture numérique et faciliter l’accès aux services publics ; - transformer les centres-villes et le commerce de proximité ; - moderniser les secteurs sanitaires et médico-sociaux.
Cumul des mandats : un débat nécessaire !
Authors: Marseille Hervé 
Published: April 2023

La réflexion autour du cumul des mandats a été relancée à l’initiative du groupe parlementaire Union centriste au Sénat avec l’adoption, en 2021, de la proposition de loi organique d’Hervé Marseille. Elle vise à rétablir la possibilité de cumuler un mandat de parlementaire avec le mandat de maire d’une commune ou de président d’une intercommunalité de moins de 10 000 habitants. Au moment où le président de la République souhaite créer une commission transpartisane pour rénover nos institutions, un débat s’impose aussi concernant le cumul des mandats, pour rapprocher les parlementaires de leurs territoires.
L’efficacité de l’action de proximité au service des citoyens
Authors: Lisnard David 
Published: April 2023

Et si la décentralisation et la déconcentration étaient la solution pour renouer avec l’efficacité et le sens de l’action publique ? Gilets jaunes, montée de l’abstention, hausse des violences envers les élus : nombreuses sont les illustrations contemporaines de la défiance croissante des citoyens envers la puissance publique. Cette crise civique, alimentée par près de quinze ans de recentralisation des décisions, trouverait une réponse dans la proximité. Gage d’efficacité de l’action publique, d’innovation et de sens, la proximité implique davantage de décentralisation et une meilleure déconcentration, tel que le propose l’AMF. Les maires ont besoin de préfets et sous-préfets dotés de moyens humains, légitimés dans leur autorité et qui parlent d’une seule voix. L’AMF plaide pour un renouvellement du travail maire/préfet et souhaite qu’advienne une relation basée sur la confiance et la responsabilité, seule à même d’assurer l’efficacité de l’action de proximité tout en régénérant l’État central.