bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of Sublingual Buprenorphine for Pain Control in the ICU*
Authors: Patanwala Asad E. , Moran Benjamin , Johnstone Charlotte , Koelzow Heike , Penm Jonathan 
Published: August 2023

OBJECTIVES:
The objective of this study was to compare pain control and opioid consumption in critically ill patients who were treated with buprenorphine sublingual or oxycodone oral/enteral during ICU admission.

DESIGN:
This was a retrospective, parallel, cohort study.

SETTING:
General medical or surgical ICUs of a quaternary, urban hospital in Sydney, NSW, Australia.

PATIENTS:
Data were obtained for all patients admitted to two general medical or surgical ICU from January 2019 to January 2023. Patients were grouped as those who received buprenorphine sublingual versus oxycodone oral/enteral.

INTERVENTIONS:
None.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:
Pain control was compared between a propensity score matched cohort of patients who received buprenorphine versus oxycodone. The primary outcome was the probability of significant pain. A significant pain score was defined as greater than or equal to 4 on the 0–10 Numeric Rating Scale or greater than or equal to 6 on the Behavioral Pain Scale. The study cohort included 1,070 patients (288 buprenorphine and 782 oxycodone). After propensity score matching, there were 288 patients in each group. The mean age of the matched cohort was 64 ± 16 years, 295 (51%) were male, and 359 (62%) had a surgical admission. The median probability of significant pain was 0.16 with buprenorphine and 0.17 with oxycodone (median difference, 0.01; 95% CI, –0.02 to 0.04; p = 0.50). Median opioid consumption in oral morphine milligram equivalents (MMEs) was 65 with buprenorphine and 70 with oxycodone (median difference, –1 mg; 95% CI, –10 to 10 mg; p = 0.73). Median MME per ICU day was 22 with buprenorphine and 22 with oxycodone (median difference, 1 mg; 95% CI, –2 to 5 mg; p = 0.38).

CONCLUSIONS:
Buprenorphine sublingual is as effective as oxycodone oral/enteral with regard to pain control and opioid consumption in the ICU. Buprenorphine sublingual is an appropriate option for patients in the ICU who are unable to take oral/enteral medications.
The effects of music therapy on the psychological status of women with perimenopause syndrome
Authors: Kim Soyeon , Kim Sun Mi , Hwang Hyunchan , Kim Min Kyoon , Kim Hee Jun , Park Seojin , Han Doug Hyun 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Objective
Women experience many physical and psychological changes with the reduction of progesterone and estrogen as ovarian function gradually weakens. This study applied a music psychotherapy program as a nonpharmacological treatment method in addition to treatment using drugs such as hormone therapy for perimenopausal women.

Method
This study's pre-post, control-experimental research compared 20 women in the music psychotherapy experimental group and 20 in the cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) control group. The perimenopausal women aged between 40 and 60 years experienced no menstrual period for 1 year. We provided eight sessions of music psychotherapy, including CBT, each lasting 60 minutes. The study period was 4 months from the time of recruitment.

Results
The music therapy group showed a more significant decrease in the Menopause Rating Scale total (change over time, 9.2 points and 3.5 points, respectively; P = 0.008) and psychology subcategory (change over time, 6.5 points and 0.9 points, respectively; P = 0.004) of Menopause Rating Scale scores, compared with the CBT group. In addition, the music therapy group increased their quality of life psychological score, but the CBT group did not.

Conclusions
These results suggest that music therapy can help the psychological and emotional symptoms of perimenopausal women and is effective for treatment. The study result provides a therapeutic basis for developing treatments for nonpharmacological mediation.
Povidone-iodine-induced transient triiodothyronine thyrotoxicosis in a Japanese patient with prolonged habitual gargling: A case report and literature review
Authors: Suzuki Ryuji , Suzuki Seiji 
Published: August 2023

Rationale:
Iodine-induced hyperthyroidism and triiodothyronine (T3) thyrotoxicosis in patients who routinely gargle with povidone-iodine (PVP-I) gargling solution are rare in Japan.

Patient concerns:
A 50-year-old man presented to our hospital for a close examination of an enlarged thyroid, which was noted during a complete health checkup. The thyroid was slightly enlarged with no palpable nodules. He had an increased appetite but no weight gain. He had been routinely gargling with PVP-I gargling solution 4 times daily for >10 years. He had no history of thyroid disease.

Diagnoses:
Test results revealed suppressed thyroid-stimulating hormone, normal free thyroxine, and increased free triiodothyronine levels, leading to the diagnosis of T3 thyrotoxicosis.

Interventions:
The patient agreed to stop gargling with PVP-I gargle solution.

Outcomes:
The free triiodothyronine and thyroid-stimulating hormone levels returned to normal at 18 and 21 weeks, respectively, after discontinuation of PVP-I gargling. After an improvement in thyroid function, he gained 5 kg in 1 year.

Lessons:
To our knowledge, this is the first case report that describes PVP-I gargle-induced T3 thyrotoxicosis in a healthy individual without thyroid disease. In Japan, which is an iodine-sufficient country, considering the possibility of high-dose iodine intake-induced thyrotoxicosis due to long-term PVP-I gargling or other causes is necessary, even in individuals with no history of thyroid disease.
Causal association between psycho-psychological factors, such as stress, anxiety, depression, and irritable bowel syndrome: Mendelian randomization
Authors: Diao Zhihao , Xu Wenchang , Guo Danyang , Zhang Jingzhi , Zhang Ruiyu , Liu Fengzhao , Hu Yufei , Ma Yuxia 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) have been reported to be challenging hotspots in clinical practice. Previous observational studies have found that stress, anxiety, depression, and other mental and psychological diseases are closely associated with IBS. This study aimed to further explore the causal relationships of these associations through Mendelian randomization (MR).

Methods:
The data needed for MR were obtained from publicly published genome-wide association databases. We performed a bidirectional, 2-sample MR analysis using instrumental variables (IV) associated with stress, anxiety, and depression, and other mental and psychological factors as exposures and IBS as the outcome. A reverse MR analysis with IBS as exposure and stress, anxiety, depression, and other mental and psychological factors as the outcomes was also performed. The inverse variance weighting (IVW) method was adopted as the main method of MR, and the causal effect between stress, anxiety, depression, and other mental and psychological factors and IBS was evaluated as the main result of the study. In addition, a series of sensitivity analyses was conducted to comprehensively evaluate the causal relationship between them.

Results:
Stress, anxiety, depression, and other mental and psychological factors were the underlying etiologies for IBS (odds ratio [OR] = 1.06, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03–1.08), and they were positively correlated. Univariate analysis further supported the above conclusions (Depression, [OR = 1.31, 95% CI: 1.05–1.63, P = .016], Anxiety, [OR = 1.53, 95% CI: 1.16–2.03, P = .003]). However, in reverse MR analysis, we found that IBS did not affect stress, anxiety, depression, or other mental and psychological factors and that there was no causal relationship between IBS and stress, anxiety, depression, or other mental and psychological factors (P > .05).

Conclusion:
This study demonstrates that mental and psychological factors are the underlying etiologies for IBS. These findings may provide important information for physicians regarding the clinical treatment of IBS.
A Retrospective Chart Review of Patients with Reactive RPRs in the Emergency Department of an Urban Safety Net Southern Hospital
Authors: Sweitzer Stephanie , Sharp Joseph , Gruen Judah 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Emergency departments (EDs) are a critical access point to care in safety net health systems. A retrospective chart review of patients with reactive RPRs collected in the ED of an Atlanta safety net hospital from 5/01/2020 to 10/31/2020 found suboptimal rates of syphilis treatment completion and linkage to PrEP services.
The Immediate Contraction of the Expanded Forehead Flap
Authors: Song Zhen , Zhang Xulong , Xu Yihao , You Jianjun , Wang Huan , Zheng Ruobing , Tian Le , Guo Junsheng , Fan Fei 
Published: August 2023

Introduction:
Flaps contract immediately after harvest, which added difficulty to flap design. This study aims to investigate the immediate contraction rate of the expanded forehead flap used in nasal reconstruction.

Methods:
Patients undergoing nasal reconstruction with expanded forehead flaps from September 2021 to January 2023 were included. Objective measurements of the pedicle width, maximum width, maximum length, and flap size of the expanded forehead flap before and after harvest were conducted.

Results:
Fourteen patients, including 9 males and 5 females, were included. The average expansion period was 4.6 months, and the mean injection volume was 658.6 ml. The average retraction rate of pedicle width, maximum width, maximum length, and size of the flap after harvest were 16.15%, 30.26%, 26.86%, and 50.89%, respectively.

Conclusion:
This study presents the contraction rate of the expanded forehead flap used for nasal reconstruction. The data from the measurement will help surgeons to design the expanded forehead flap.

Level of Evidence:
Level—Level IV
Classification of Skeletal Phenotypes of Preadolescent Patients With Isolated Cleft Palate Using Principal Component Analysis and Cluster Analysis
Authors: Baek Seung-Hak , Hong Hyunseung , Yang II-Hyung , Chung Jee Hyeok , Choi Jin-Young , An Jung-Sub 
Published: August 2023

This study aimed to classify the skeletal phenotypes of preadolescent patients with isolated cleft palate using principal component analysis and cluster analysis. Sixty-four preadolescent female patients with isolated cleft palate (incomplete hard palate and complete soft palate cleft group, n=51; complete cleft of the hard and soft palate group, n=13; the mean age when lateral cephalograms were taken, 7.08±0.76 y) were included. Ten angular and 2 ratio cephalometric variables were measured on a lateral cephalogram. Cluster analysis was performed using 3 representative variables obtained from principal component analysis (SN-GoMe, SNA, and SNB). The differences in the variables among the clusters were characterized using the Kruskal–Wallis test. As a result of the analysis, 6 clusters were obtained from 3 groups: the retrusive maxilla and mandible group: cluster 3 (14.1%, moderately hyperdivergent pattern), cluster 5 (17.2%, severely hyperdivergent pattern); the normal maxilla and mandible group: cluster 1 (23.4%, normodivergent pattern), cluster 4 (12.5%, moderately hyperdivergent pattern), cluster 6 (20.3%, severely hyperdivergent pattern); the normal maxilla and protrusive mandible group: cluster 2 (12.5%, normodivergent pattern). The distribution of isolated cleft palate types did not differ among the 6 clusters (P>0.05). Two thirds of the patients (68.7%, clusters 1, 2, 4, and 6) had a normal anteroposterior position of the maxilla, while one third of the patients (31.3%, clusters 3 and 5) showed a retrusive mandible. These results indicate that isolated cleft palate patients have diverse maxillo-mandibular growth patterns compared with patients with cleft lip and palate.
A Clinical Observation Study for Transnasal Endoscopic Marsupialization in the Treatment of Maxillary Cyst
Authors: Xu Dapeng , Han Maoqiang , Cao Rongyu , Liu Dianwei , Zhang Qingquan , Sun Chao 
Published: August 2023

The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility and evaluate the clinical effects of transnasal marsupialization of maxillary cyst under nasal endoscope. Twenty patients with maxillary bone cysts were treated with endoscopic marsupialization. According to the location of the maxillary bone cyst, the opening window was selected in the nasal base or the inferior or middle nasal meatus. The cyst wall of the window was removed, and the fluid was drained out. The diameter of the opening window was more than 1 cm, so that the cyst and the maxillary sinus can be fused into a cavity. This ensured nasal drainage through the cyst cavity and nasal cavity or maxillary sinus. The patients were followed up for 6 to 18 months. No serious complications occurred. The cyst wall epithelialized 2 or 3 months after the operation, and the cyst cavity drained well with no recurrence. Intranasal marsupialization under a nasal endoscope is a feasible alternative for the treatment of maxillary cysts. It makes the procedure simple, safe, less traumatic, has definite clinical effects, and low recurrence rate. Especially suitable for maxillary cysts protruding into the nasal floor or maxillary sinus.
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis due to Burkholderia pseudomallei in a primigravida.
Authors: al Waseem Shaikh Mohammed Haroon , Antony Tessa , Suresh Suchitra , Gopalan Sowmya 
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Melioidosis is caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei, a gram-negative, saprophytic bacilli, commonly found in soil or contaminated water. As infection with this bacterium produces a wide variety of clinical manifestations the organism is aptly called the “great mimicker”. Even though it is non-fastidious and an easily cultivable organism, it can be misidentified in the automated identification systems.
Case report: A 24-year-old primigravida presented with complaints of fever and myalgia of 45 days duration. She was diagnosed to have hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) based on clinical and laboratory parameters. Blood and bone marrow culture sent to the microbiology laboratory grew non fermenting gram negative bacilli which was misidentified as Burkholderia cepacia by matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) technology . It was further identified as B.pseudomalleiby 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing. Patient was commenced on intensive phase therapy with intravenous ceftazidime for 2 weeks, followed by maintenance therapy with oral trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole for 3 months. In view of HLH, she was treated with intravenous dexamethasone for 2 weeks which was later switched over to oral dexamethasone for a period of 6 weeks. She responded well to the treatment, but had to undergo medical termination of pregnancy as there was severe intrauterine growth restriction of the foetus.
Conclusion: Prognosis of melioidosis is excellent if early diagnosis and appropriate antibiotic treatment is provided. In this era of automation, it is important to find out if the suspected pathogen is listed in the database of the automated identification system.
Monitoring the battleground: Exploring Antimicrobial Resistance, Antibiofilm Trends, and Virulence Factors in Wound Bacterial Isolates.
Authors: Awuor Silas Onyango , Omwenga Eric O. , Mariita Richard M. , Musila Jonathan , Musyoki Stanslaus 
Published: August 2023

There is an alarming increase in antibiotic resistance especially on common bacterial infections that could be attributed to extensive unregulated use of antibiotics. Continuous strategic monitoring of antibiotic use and AMR trends becomes imperative. This serves as a motivation to a thorough evaluation of wound isolates for relevant bacteria and assessing their drug susceptibility patterns, which we report herein. This cross-sectional study aimed to decipher antibacterial resistance by examining samples collected from patients with chronic wounds seeking medication at Jaramogi Oginga Odinga Teaching and Referral Hospital (JOOTRH). Standard microbiological methods were employed to identify and characterize the bacterial pathogens. Analysis of the wound isolates revealed a significant presence of microbial growth, with a higher prevalence of59% isolates in male patients. Staphylococcus aureus 20.7%emerged as the most predominant pathogen, followed by Klebsiella spp.14.8%, P. aeruginosa spp. 14.8%, and E. coli 4.4% in the wound samples. Notably, Cotrimoxazole exhibited the highest antibacterial resistance 48.1%, followed by Clindamycin 25.9% and Erythromycin 25.9%, affecting both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Furthermore, among the isolates, 75% were capable of producing haemolysin and protease, while 50% produced lipase and phospholipase, factors that enhance virulence and survival. These findings provide crucial insights into antimicrobial resistance in chronic wounds, emphasizing the importance of responsible antibacterial use in wound management. Additionally, they shed light on the need for developing more potent antibiotics for effectively treating chronic wounds.
Inter-laboratory Variability of Caspofungin Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations for Nakaseomyces glabrata isolates – An Irish Tertiary Hospital Experience
Authors: Ali Saied , Collison Meadhbh , McNicholas Sinead , McDermott Sinead 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Nakaseomyces glabrata, formerly Candida glabrata, is an opportunistic yeast and emerging cause of human infections. The use of broth microdilution (BMD) methodologies for caspofungin (CSP) antifungal susceptibility testing (AFST) against N. glabrata is reported to be prone to high inter-laboratory variation. We aimed to compare CSP minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of N. glabrata isolates from our institution with those obtained by the Reference Laboratory for the same isolates.

Methods:
All clinically significant N. glabrata isolates from 2019-2021 inclusive were reviewed. AFST was performed locally using the VITEK2 system with the AST-YS08 card, while E-tests were performed at Mycology Reference Laboratory (MRL), and agreement between these two methods was evaluated – categorical and essential.

Results:
41 isolates were reviewed during the study period – 30 from blood cultures, seven from intra-operative theatre specimens and four from sterile site drain fluids. Despite an essential agreement of 100% within ±2 log2 dilutions, marked discrepancies were noted in interpretative breakpoints between assays with 17 Minor and 16 Major category errors. Categorical agreement was 19.5%, with the VITEK2 over-estimating resistance. A Mann-Whitney U Test assessed the relationship of MICs across the AFST modalities, and a statistically significant difference was noted, p<0.01, with a higher mean rank for VITKEK2 outputs.

Conclusion:
While the VITEK2 system is highly applicable, its performance for CSP AFST is unreliable and potentially results in the mis-classification of susceptible isolates as highlighted in our study. The use of VITEK2 AST-YS08 micafungin as a sentinel echinocandin should be explored and/or the evaluation of CSP-specific E-tests as utilised by the MRL. These methods appear more consistent and less prone to the variation seen with BMD for CSP.
Single-cell analysis of Rohon-Beard neurons implicates Fgf signaling in axon maintenance and cell survival
Authors: Tuttle Adam M. , Miller Lauren N. , Royer Lindsey J. , Wen Hua , Kelly Jimmy J. , Calistri Nicholas L. , Heiser Laura M. , Nechiporuk Alex V. 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACTPeripheral sensory neurons are a critical part of the nervous system that transmit a multitude of sensory stimuli to the central nervous system. During larval and juvenile stages in zebrafish, this function is mediated by Rohon-Beard somatosensory neurons (RBs). RBs are optically accessible and amenable to experimental manipulation, making them a powerful system for mechanistic investigation of sensory neurons. Previous studies provided evidence that RBs fall into multiple subclasses; however, the number and molecular make up of these potential RB subtypes have not been well defined. Using a single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) approach, we demonstrate that larval RBs in zebrafish fall into three, largely non-overlapping classes of neurons. We also show that RBs are molecularly distinct from trigeminal neurons in zebrafish. Cross-species transcriptional analysis indicates that one RB subclass is similar to a mammalian group of A-fiber sensory neurons. Another RB subclass is predicted to sense multiple modalities, including mechanical stimulation and chemical irritants. We leveraged our scRNA-seq data to determine that the fibroblast growth factor (Fgf) pathway is active in RBs. Pharmacological and genetic inhibition of this pathway led to defects in axon maintenance and RB cell death. Moreover, this can be phenocopied by treatment with dovitinib, an FDA-approved Fgf inhibitor with a common side effect of peripheral neuropathy. Importantly, dovitinib-mediated axon loss can be suppressed by loss of Sarm1, a positive regulator of neuronal cell death and axonal injury. This offers a molecular target for future clinical intervention to fight neurotoxic effects of this drug.
pyScoMotif: Discovery of similar 3D structural motifs across proteins
Authors: Cia Gabriel , Kwasigroch Jean Marc , Stamatopoulos Basile , Rooman Marianne , Pucci Fabrizio 
Published: August 2023

MotivationThe fast and accurate detection of similar geometrical arrangements of protein residues, known as 3-dimensional (3D) structural motifs, is highly relevant for many applications such as binding region and catalytic site detection, drug discovery and structure conservation analyses. With the recent publication of new protein structure prediction methods, the number of available protein structures is exploding, which makes efficient and easy-to-use tools for identifying 3D structural motifs essential.ResultsWe present an open-source Python package that enables the search for both exact and mutated motifs with position-specific residue substitutions. The tool is fast, accurate and suitable to run both on computer clusters and personal laptops. Successful application of pyScoMotif to catalytic site identification is showcased.AvailabilityThe pyScoMotif package can be installed from the PyPI repository and is also available athttps://github.com/3BioCompBio/pyScoMotif. It is free to use for non-commercial purposes; for commercial purposes, please contact us.
Mechano-signaling of prostate tumor initiating cells facilitates their tropism to stiff metastatic niche
Authors: Chen Lanpeng , Zhao Gangyin , De Menna Marta , Coppola Stefano , Landman Nick , Schieven Sebastiaan , Groenewoud Arwin , Thalmann George N. , Schmidt Thomas , de Vries Jelle , Kruithof-de Julio Marianna , Snaar-Jagalska Ewa B. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAnalysis of clinical datasets indicate that cancer stem-like cells/tumor-initiating cells (CSCs/TICs) derived from prostate cancer (PCa) patients display an elevated expression of genes for cell-matrix interactions, cell adhesion proteins and of the putative mechanotransducer TAZ. Here we combined measurements on the cellular mechano-responses to matrix stiffness, including cell-generated forces, zebrafish and PDX-derived organoid models, to show that mechanotransduction serves as a key determinant for PCa CSC maintenance during metastatic onset. The β1-integrin-ILK-CDC42-N-Wasp dependent cytoskeletal tension and TAZ nucleus-translocation mediate this mechano-signaling axis. As a result, expression of the stemness genes NANOG and OCT4 are induced, leading to metastatic tumor initiation. It is further demonstrated that pharmaceutical perturbation of this mechano-signaling using a novel YAP/TAZ inhibitor K975 constrains PCa metastasis in zebrafish, and development of PDX-derived organoids. Our data highlights the essential role of mechanotransduction in PCa aggressiveness, thereby underlying this pathway as a therapeutic target for future studies.