bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parametric cohesive zone analysis of bi-adhesive single-step joints
Authors: Carvalho D. F.T. , Campilho R. D.S.G. , Vargas A. S. , Moreira R. D.F. , Madani K. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

The industry has advanced in replacing traditional joining methods, such as screwing/riveting and welding, especially the aeronautical and automotive industries, which have adopted the adhesive bonding method. This method has the advantages of simplifying the process, improving performance in terms of fatigue load, and improving the union between dissimilar materials. In addition, the development of computational numerical methods, with greater precision, has contributed to the dimensioning of joints, as well as the prediction of the resistance of these joints, which has contributed to more reliable simulations of different adhesive bonding solutions and their industrial implementation. Different modifications to the conventional designs are addressed in the literature to achieve the best results, including geometrical and material modifications. In the present research, the strength of single and double-adhesive single-step joints in aluminium adherends of the AW 6082-T651 is experimentally and numerically studied for different overlap lengths (LO). Three commercial adhesives were studied, from brittle to ductile, along with different adhesive combinations in the bi-adhesive technique. The experimental work was mainly used for numerical model validation. The numerical analysis took advantage of triangular cohesive zone models (CZM) and included the study of peel and shear stresses, strength, and energy to failure. It was possible to validate the CZM accuracy by comparison with the experimental data. The analysis carried out showed that the bi-adhesive technique did not reveal significant increases in strength compared to single-adhesive joints. However, when damage tolerance and dissipated energy are analysed, a noticeable increase in performance is observed, especially in joints with greater length LO
Linking root-associated fungal communities, wheat evolutionary patterns, and productivity: overlooked roles of rare taxa
Authors: Kang Xia , Zheng Yuyin , Feng Zhihan , Yao Minjie , Han Dejun , Zeng Qingdong , Li Xiangzhen 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background and Aims
The intricate relationships between root-associated fungal communities and wheat plants can potentially impact plant health, crop yield, and quality. However, the interplay among various wheat varieties, fungal communities, and wheat productivity remains understudied.
Methods
In this study, 95 wheat varieties in China were selected. Plant and soil samples were collected during two wheat growth stages (regreening and heading). DNA extraction and genotyping were performed, and fungal ASVs were categorized based on abundance. Fungal community diversity, assembly mechanisms, and relationships were examined. Co-occurrence networks were used to identify keystone taxa. Relationships between wheat genetics, quality, yield, and fungal communities were assessed. Broad-sense heritability (H2) of root-associated ASVs was calculated.
Results
Abundant and core taxa significantly influenced fungal community structure, with stochastic processes mainly driving the assembly. Regreening stage's rhizosphere harbored keystone taxa, though a weak but meaningful connection existed between wheat genetic distance and rare taxa at the heading stage. Wheat quality and yield were significantly (P < 0.05) influenced by rare rhizosphere taxa during regreening stage, while heading stage yield correlated positively with keystone taxa and Glomeromycota. Rhizosphere abundant subcommunity was more specialized in enriching taxa with low and moderate heritability, while rare subcommunity was better at recruiting high-heritability (H2 > 0.4) taxa.
Conclusions
Abundant and core taxa played a substantial role in shaping fungal communities during wheat growth, but less abundant rhizosphere species were also vital, as they attained keystone status, showed genetic ties to the host, and were related to wheat quality and yield with higher heritability.
Does inoculation of multifunctional microbial consortia contribute to compelling increases in soybean yields?
Authors: Rossetim Murilo Francisco Travençoli , Motta Antonio Carlos Vargas , Kondo Yanka Rocha , Ruthes Barbara Elis Santos , Hungria Mariangela , Salles Joana Falcão , Kaschuk Glaciela 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Aims: Inoculating multifunctional microbial consortia offers potential benefits for enhancing plant growth and grain yield formation. This study verified the feasibility of inoculating soybean (Glycine max) seeds with multifunctional microbial consortia to improve soybean productivity.
Methods: Seeds were inoculated with twelve combinations of inoculants [(1) Bradyrhizobium japonicum and B. diazoefficiens for biological N2 fixation, (2) Azospirillum brasilense for growth promotion via phytohormone release, (3) Bacillus megaterium (=Priestia megaterium) and B. subtilis for enhancing P uptake, and (4) Trichoderma harzianum as biopesticide] and grown in chamber, greenhouse, and field experiments. In the chamber, inoculated seeds were submitted to germination tests. In the greenhouse, inoculated seeds were sown in pots with non-sterile soil, and plant growth was monitored until the flowering stage. In the field, plants were cultivated until physiological maturity. Soil and plant samples were collected at three growth stages: vegetative (V4), reproductive (R1), and maturation. Measurements included shoot, root, nodules, grain masses, and grain yield, alongside analyses of seed N, P, lipid, protein, and carbohydrate contents.
Results: Excessive number of microbial inputs and the inclusion of T. harzianum in the microbial consortia impeded seed germination, hindered initial vegetative growth, and decreased plant densities in the plots. Nevertheless, plants may have adjusted because these treatments did not significantly impact grain yield; intriguingly, they even elevated soybean grain lipid content.
Conclusions: Inoculating multifunctional microbial consortia holds promise as a sustainable approach in agriculture. Still, care should be taken concerning an excessive number and compatibility of microorganisms composing the consortia.
Mining medicine prescriptions to enhance predictive management of COVID-19 patients in the UAE
Authors: AlBataineh Mohammad , Ruta Dymitr , Salameh Laila , Zalloua Pierre , Safar Habiba Al , Ibrahim Saleh , Mahboub Bassam 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Data mining is becoming more popular in the healthcare industry to enhance decision-making and patient outcomes. In this study, we examined medication patterns in over 10,000 COVID-19 patients spanning over three years from the UAE. Prescriptions digitization enabled their utility as data evidence for analytical and predictive modeling tools including machine learning (ML). In this work, we attempt to utilize digitized free-text prescriptions associated with 10k + COVID-19-positive hospitalized cases, to first extract a three-layered hierarchy of administered medicines and then use them as data features to understand their administration patterns, reveal the impacts on and associations with patients' treatment to improve the performance of predicting the key treatment outcomes. We determined higher frequencies of certain medications during different stages of the pandemic and discovered correlations between medication co-administration habits and patient outcomes such as ICU admission, ventilator usage, prolonged hospital stays, and mortality. Next, we train ML models for forecasting targeted variables and found that MEWS and Age are associated with increased risk for ICU admission, ventilator use, lengthy hospital stays, and mortality. A singleton micro-predictor of the selected feature targets in connection with the likelihood of death reveals that VENTILATOR_USE and IS_SEPTIC feature elevates the likelihood of death to 60%. Remarkably, the use of ANTISPASMODIC and ANTIFUNGAL have high mortality rates and support (PX 0.151,0.055, P DEATH/X 0.379, 0.641, respectively). Underscoring the importance of data-driven approaches to inform clinical decision-making. The application of clustering and co-administration patterns generated from graph theory may offer cutting-edge pandemic control techniques in preparation for the next pandemic.
Influence of the Cellular Ultrastructure and Enzyme Activity of the Leaf Sheath Abscission Zone on Spontaneous Defoliation in Sugarcane
Authors: Hu Xin , Wang Tiantian , Liu Shaochun , Guo Jiawen , Dao Jingmei , Gao Xinxin , Li Rudan , Liu Gaoyuan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Spontaneous defoliation improves the harvesting efficiency and yield of sugarcane. In this study, the influences of ultrastructural changes in the abscission zone cells of the third, fifth, and seventh leaf sheaths below the fully expanded leaf and pectinase and cellulase activity on spontaneous defoliation were investigated in four sugarcane varieties with varying spontaneous defoliation performance during maturation. At the early and middle stages of spontaneous defoliation, the cells in the abscission zones of the third, fifth, and seventh leaf sheath abscission zones were degrading. At the late stage, no complete organelles and hollow or broken spots in the cell walls were observed in the abscission zone cells of defoliation-prone varieties, while complete organelles and intact cell walls were present in the abscission zone cells at the same leaf positions in defoliation-resistant varieties. From the early to late stages, defoliation-prone varieties had higher pectinase activity in the abscission zones of the fifth and seventh leaf sheaths. At the early stage of defoliation, defoliation-prone varieties had significantly higher cellulase activity in the abscission zones of the third, fifth, and seventh leaf sheaths. Correlation analysis showed that the spontaneous defoliation rate was significantly positively correlated with pectinase activity in the leaf sheaths abscission zones. In conclusion, the spontaneous defoliation of sugarcane was closely related to changes in cell morphology and pectinase activites in leaf sheath abscission zones.
Linkages between particulate and gaseous pollutants over two comparable environments
Authors: Yadav Saurabh , Devara Panuganti C.S. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The variations and relationship between mass concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, O3, CO, NOx, NO2, NO, NH3, and C6H6 were analysed based upon the data inventory from Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) monitoring network stations at two neighbouring locations (Dharuhera and IMT-Manesar) with different environmental properties over a period of four years (January 2019 - December 2022). The results reveal an uneven pollutant concentration over these two sites, even though both locations are nearer (~ 28 km) but with different meteorology, environment, and industrial coverage. The daily concentration of air pollutants shows significant increase with time, suggesting the need of an early implementation of air pollution reduction and mitigation techniques at both sites. The results show a strong correlation within and between characteristic pollutants such as PM2.5, PM10, NOx (NO + NO2), O3, NH3, and CO. Also, more pollutants exhibit a significant correlation at IMT-Manesar than at Dharuhera site (quantitatively as well as qualitatively). As result, the inter-site and intra-site pollutant correlograms indicate the presence of common sources at the sites (for example, automobiles, industries). Thus, the above study plays an important role in devising mitigation methods to achieving environmental sustainability vis-à-vis minimizing human health hazards at both the study sites in the Haryana Sate.
Study of anthropogenic emissions in the life cycle of Body in White manufactured in new generation steels
Authors: Suski Cássio Aurélio , Ferreira Renan Rosa 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the life cycle of vehicles with Body in White developed in new generation steels (New BIW), in comparison to the current steels used (Current BIW), in order to reduce the mass of the vehicle and anthropogenic emissions. The method was based on the estimation of anthropogenic emissions through simulation in Module GREET2.7, where the life cycle of vehicles with BIW developed in new generation steels (New BIW) was compared with BIW in steels currently used (Current BIW), in order to reduce the mass of the vehicle and its respective emission. As a result, a 2.65% reduction in vehicle mass was obtained, which resulted in a reduction of 0.11 tons of greenhouse gases. Just as, in the comparison of simulated emissions, between the current BIW and the new one, there is a reduction in total GHG emissions of 2.8% during the life cycle of the materials, of 3.6% during the life cycle of the Body of vehicles (BIW, interior, exterior and windows), 2.04% over the complete life cycle of vehicles and 0.78 ℓ/100 km of consumption. The conclusions show that the mass reduction of vehicles developed in new generation steels (New BIW) provides a significant change with regard to anthropogenic emissions, mainly in the vehicle use phase, due to the reduction in the burning of fossil fuels and the study provides an important decision-maker regarding the mitigation of global warming, as it is essential to recognize that motor vehicles are significant air polluters.
Utilization of Activated Carbon Produced from Tea Waste in Composite Hydrogels for Water Treatment Applications
Authors: Pandey Rajan , Mir Irfan Ahmad 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Hydrogel activated carbon composites are of fundamental importance for water purification applications globally. There are many sources for producing activated carbon but activated carbon from sustainable sources is the need of the hour. The main significance of this work is the use of tea waste to produce activated carbon which is a very low cost and more sustainable source and utilizing this activated carbon as filler to produce hydrogel composites. This study involves the chemical synthesis of acrylamide hydrogels filled with activated carbon and evaluation of their properties for water purification applications. The activity level of activated carbon produced from tea waste using sulfuric acid as an activating agent was determined by iodine number. The activated carbon produced with 1M sulfuric acid showed maximum activity. The effectiveness of the composite for water treatment was studied by the methylene blue absorption. The sample with 10% AC shows the best methylene blue extraction from the solution. The effect of adding activated carbon on swelling properties of hydrogels was also studied. The basic swelling properties of Hydrogels were unaffected by the addition of activated carbon. The overall properties of the composite hydrogel are suitable for its use as low cost option for waste water treatment.
Delayed diagnosis of early-stage placental site trophoblastic tumor: a case report and literature review
Authors: Qian Jing , Xu Song , Li Chen 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Backgroud
Placental site trophoblastic tumor (PSTT) is a rare form of gestational trophoblastic disease without typical presentations. The objective of this report is to present a case of PSTT with massive hemorrhage. The diagnosis of PSTT was delayed and ultimately confirmed by the pathology after uterine artery embolization combined with hysteroscopically guided lesion electrosection.
Case report
This case reports a delayed diagnosis of PSTT with severe uterine bleeding. It is difficult to make a clinical diagnosis of PSTT at an early stage. The case provides the ultrasound, MRI, hysteroscopic, and pathologic findings of PSTT, highlights the value of uterine artery embolization combined with hysteroscope in the diagnosis of this rare condition.
Conclusion
Most patients of PSTT present with nonspecific symptoms and signs at diagnosis. Occasionally they will experience badly uterine bleeding. Uterine artery embolization followed by operative hysteroscopy plays a vital role in identifying the rare and ambiguous condition.
Case Report: An HIV-Positive Woman Diagnosed with ALK Rearranged Lung Large-Cell Neuroendocrine Cancer with Unusual Metastasis
Authors: Kang Hong , Li Fei , Ye Wangzhong , Wu Shizhen , Yang Tian 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background Pulmonary large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) is an exceedingly rare and aggressive type of lung cancer, often associated with metastasis to the brain, bones, adrenal glands and lymph nodes. To date, only a few cases of lung LCNEC with breast metastasis have been reported. Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangements occur in lung adenocarcinomas, but they are not typical for LCNEC and the median survival of LCNEC patients is approximately 1 year.
Case presentation Here, we presented the case of an HIV-positive woman who was diagnosed with ALK-positive lung LCNEC from breast nodules. The patient responded dramatically to alectinib treatment. She showed an evidently longer median survival time than that reported previously, which suggests the benefit of using ALK inhibitors.
Conclusions Based on our case experience, we recommend next-generation sequencing (NGS) as a routine procedure for patients with LCNEC as it can provide more numbers of therapeutic alternatives.
Outcomes of Primary Tumor Resection in Patients with Stage IV Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms: A Population-Based Survival Analysis
Authors: JIANG Yu , Li Jingfeng , FU Ningzhen , Weng Yuanchi , JIN Jiabin , DENG Xiaxing , Shen Baiyong 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background. Evidence is limited supporting the use of primary tumor resection (PTR) for metastasized pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (pNENs).
Methods. The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) dataset was queried for patients with stage IV pNENs. Landmark analysis was performed to elinimate guarantee-time bias. Cox proportional hazards regression analyses and propensity-score matching (PSM) were performed to compare overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) of patients who received PTR versus no tumor resection (NTR).
Results. Of the 623 patients enrolled, 280 (44.9%) received PTR. Synchronous presentations of varied treatment paradigms revealed surgical intervention significantly increased OS and CSS. PSM analyses revealed improved OS and CSS among patients receiving PTR versus NTR (OS: 53 versus 27months, p<0.0001; CSS: 71versus 27 months, p<0.0001). The subgroup analysis demonstrated that the elevated OS was associated with PTR (versus NTR) within subgroups including male, white, T1-3, location except for pancreatic body and Msite 1. The recursive partitioning analysis (RPA) analysis demonstrated Grade I-II (low-risk) and Grade III-IV with Msite 1 (intermediate-risk) but not Grade III-IV with Msite 0 or ≥2 (high-risk) were connected with OS benefits.
Conclusion. PTR improves OS and CSS in metastasized pNENs, provided that these surgical candidates are appropriately selected.
Quantitative Soil Descriptions for Ecoregions of the United States
Authors: Shirazi Mostafa A. , Johnson Colleen Burch , Omernik James M. , White Denis , Haggerty Patricia K. , Griffith Glenn E. 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACTResearchers have defined and mapped ecological regions of the United States based on similar patterns of ecosystems such as deserts, forests, and croplands. These studies are useful in regional research, monitoring, and environmental management because data can be more readily extrapolated within the same ecoregion and to regions with similar characteristics. The description of ecoregions is largely holistic and qualitative. Conversely, quantitative information for soil are abundant and soil is an important ecosystem component related to many ecoregion properties. We used the nationwide State Soil Geographic database (STATSGO) to describe the soils of 84 Level III ecoregions in the United States. Among the 24 soil characteristics studied were texture, rock fragments, available water capacity, bulk density, and organic matter content. For each ecoregion we developed ranks to describe (i) its similarity to the U.S. average soil characteristics, (ii) the accuracy of predicting those characteristics, (iii) how well the soil map unit boundaries fit within ecoregion boundaries, (iv) the spatial relationship of soils across neighboring ecoregion boundaries, and (v) the homogeneity of texture–rock patterns. We present a national map of soil texture and rock fragments and five soil ranks for each ecoregion, and examine relationships between soils and other ecological components for selected ecoregions. Because soils relate to other ecosystem components such as vegetation, geology, and land use, the soil ranks complement and enrich the qualitative ecoregion descriptions. Similar analyses of physical or biological components of ecoregions will expand the understanding of the ecosystem patterns.
Management of the Jatiluwih Irrigation area with sustainable planting patterns and water balance in Tabanan Regency
Authors: Triadi I Nyoman Sedana , Yasa I Made Tapa , Mudhina Made , Andayani Ketut Wiwin , Parwita I G L Made 
Published: September 2023

Jatiluwih Village is located in Penebel District, Tabanan Regency, Bali. Jatiluwih Village is a highland village located at the foot of Mount Batukaru. This village is located at an altitude of 500-1500 meters above sea level and has an average rainfall of 2500 mm/year. Most of the population in the Jatiluwih area still relies on the economy of planting rice, with a good irrigation system. Rice fields in the Jatiluwih irrigation area need protection and preservation so that their area does not decrease. This priority is necessary because the meaning of land, including paddy fields is very important for humans, not only to own, but also to live their lives. Irrigation is an effort made to obtain water by using intake buildings and carrier channels. The Jatiluwih Irrigation Area has water sources from several springs that flow in the Jatiluwih Area. Jatiluwih weir with water sources from Tukad Baat has an irrigation area of 390 ha. The subaks that are irrigated by the Jatiluwih Dam are Jatiluwih Subak, Subak Gunungsari, Subak Kedamaian and Subak Wangaya Betan. The development and management of irrigation networks will greatly assist water-using farmers in an effort to increase the production of agricultural products, especially rice.
Docking Study, Synthesis, Characterization and Preliminary Cytotoxic Evaluation of New 1,3,4- Thiadiazole Derivatives
Authors: Mohammed Noor M. , Mohammed Mohammed Hassan , Abdulkhaleq Zainab M. 
Published: September 2023

Objectives: This study has determined that these newly synthesized analogs hold promise as potential sources of novel anticancer agents for combating breast cancer.
Methods: We initiated our research by obtaining the crystal structure of Histone deacetylases (HDACs-8) bound with Vorinostat (SAHA) from the Protein Data Bank (PDB code 4QA0). Subsequently, we conducted docking experiments, which revealed that compounds (V c,s, V d,s, V c,t, and V d,t) exhibited favorable docking scores when compared to the standard. These compounds, synthesized through multi-step procedures involving the reaction of intermediate derivatives (IV c,d) with thiosemicarbazide or semicarbazide, were subjected to confirmation of their chemical structures using FT-IR and 1H NMR analysis.
Results: The results of our in-vitro cytotoxicity assay (MTT assay) highlighted that compounds V c,t and V d,t exhibited notable inhibition ratios in the breast cancer cell line (MCF-7), while V c,t displayed similar efficacy in human colon adenocarcinoma (HRT-18) compared to the control drug, Vorinostat (SAHA).
Conclusion: Our docking analysis led us to conclude that the C=S moiety demonstrated exceptional binding affinity to the zinc binding group of the HDAC enzyme, establishing multiple interaction modes. This finding suggests the potential of these compounds as valuable candidates in the development of anticancer treatments.