bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perceptions, preferences and barriers: A qualitative study of greenspace and under‐representation in Leeds, UK
Authors: Ward C. , Palmer A. K. , Brockett B. F. T. , Costanza R. , Hatfield J. , Kubiszewski I. , Langford P. , Pickett K. , Willis C. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractGreenspaces facilitate well‐being benefits for humans in several ways including through cognitive restoration, physical exercise and social interaction. However, some groups are under‐represented in greenspaces, including women, older people, those with health conditions, people with lower socioeconomic status and people from ethnic minority backgrounds, and so are less likely to accrue these benefits.Using thematic analysis and semi‐structured interviews with 40 individuals from under‐represented groups in Leeds, UK, we explore (1) a range of perceived barriers to greenspace access, (2) how spending time in greenspace contributes to well‐being for these groups, (3) the perceived positive and negative aspects of greenspace, (4) what impact COVID‐19 had on access to greenspace and (5) how greenspaces could be improved.We also highlight inter‐group differences and how some barriers disproportionately affect some of the groups in this study. Safety concerns were particularly important for women and people with low incomes, which included problems with anti‐social behaviour (e.g. incivilities and disorder). Cultural barriers were also evident with ethnic minority participants often citing concerns about dogs and issues with visibility and prejudice. Participants desired physical improvements to the quality of greenspaces, along with easier access and transport options, changes in policy regarding dogs and increased security and park wardens to limit anti‐social behaviour.We argue that to increase visitation for under‐represented groups, upgrades in the physical environment must be coupled with harnessing community involvement and co‐design. Some group differences and tensions in greenspaces, and problems with anti‐social behaviours and safety concerns might be limited by more considerate planning and incorporating research findings that address these tensions through intergroup contact.Read the freePlain Language Summaryfor this article on the Journal blog.
PI3K/AKT pathway‐related microRNA variants in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Xue Yao , Sun Xiaoyan , Fu Jinyu , Rong Liucheng , Zhang Heng , Zhu Yuting , Yang Xiaoyun , Hu Shaoyan , Chen Jing , Fang Yongjun 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundDysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) targeting genes in the PI3K/Akt pathway has been implicated in the pathogenesis of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). However, the impact of genetic variants in these miRNAs on ALL susceptibility has not been extensively explored in the Chinese population.MethodsTo address this gap, we conducted a case–control study to evaluate the association between genetic variants in five PI3K/AKT pathway‐related miRNAs (miR‐149, miR‐126, miR‐492, miR‐612, and miR‐423) and childhood ALL susceptibility in the Chinese population. Additionally, we investigated the effects of the rs2292832 mutation on ALL cell proliferation and apoptosis.ResultsOur analyses revealed that the miR‐149 rs2292832 mutant heterozygous CT genotype was more frequent in the control group than in the ALL cases, indicating a protective effect against ALL (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 0.78, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.63–0.97, p = .024). Stratification analyses further revealed that the miR‐149 rs2292832 CC genotype was associated with an increased risk of childhood ALL in subgroups of older children, females, those with parents who never smoked or drank alcohol, those living in painted houses, those with B‐ALL, and those with high‐risk ALL. Finally, we observed that the rs2292832 mutation inhibited ALL cell proliferation and induced apoptosis (p = .001), providing a potential mechanism by which this genetic variant may influence ALL susceptibility.ConclusionOur study highlights the significant association between the miR‐149 rs2292832 genetic variant and childhood ALL susceptibility in the Chinese population. These findings expand our understanding of the complex genetic landscape underlying ALL and have implications for the development of personalized therapeutic strategies.
Psychosocial functioning of adult siblings of Dutch very long‐term survivors of childhood cancer: DCCSS‐LATER 2 psycho‐oncology study
Authors: Joosten Mala M. H. , van Gorp Marloes , van Dijk Jennifer , Kremer Leontien C. M. , van Dulmen‐den Broeder Eline , Tissing Wim J. E. , Loonen Jacqueline J. , van der Pal Helena J. H. , de Vries Andrica C. H. , van den Heuvel‐Eibrink Marry M. , Ronckers Cécile , Bresters Dorine , Louwerens Marloes , Neggers Sebastian J. C. C. M. , van der Heiden‐van der Loo Margriet , Maurice‐Stam Heleen , Grootenhuis Martha A. ,   Dutch LATER study group
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo describe psychosocial outcomes among adult siblings of very long‐term childhood cancer survivors (CCS), to compare these outcomes to reference populations and to identify factors associated with siblings' psychosocial outcomes.MethodsSiblings of survivors (diagnosed <18 years old, between 1963 and 2001, >5 years since diagnosis) of the Dutch Childhood Cancer Survivor Study DCCSS‐LATER cohort were invited to complete questionnaires on HRQoL (TNO‐AZL Questionnaire for Adult's HRQoL), anxiety/depression (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale), post‐traumatic stress (Self‐Rating Scale for Post‐traumatic Stress Disorder), self‐esteem (Rosenberg Self‐Esteem Scale) and benefit and burden (Benefit and Burden Scale for Children). Outcomes were compared to a reference group if available, using Mann‐Whitney U and chi‐Square tests. Associations of siblings' sociodemographic and CCS’ cancer‐related characteristics with the outcomes were assessed with mixed model analysis.ResultsFive hundred five siblings (response rate 34%, 64% female, mean age 37.5, mean time since diagnosis 29.5) of 412 CCS participated. Siblings had comparable HRQoL, anxiety and self‐esteem to references with no or small differences (r = 0.08−0.15, p < 0.05) and less depression. Proportions of symptomatic PTSD were very small (0.4%−0.6%). Effect sizes of associations of siblings' sociodemographic and CCS cancer‐related characteristics were mostly small to medium (β = 0.19−0.67, p < 0.05) and no clear trend was found in the studied associated factors for worse outcomes.ConclusionsOn the very long‐term, siblings do not have impaired psychosocial functioning compared to references. Cancer‐related factors seem not to impact siblings' psychosocial functioning. Early support and education remain essential to prevent long‐term consequences.
Detection of trace chlorine pollutants in recycled pulp using gas chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry with response surface–optimized carbon structure online catalysis
Authors: Zhang Zihao , Xiao Qian , Jiang Zhongming , Zheng Jianguo , Mai Xiaoxia , Liu Yingfeng , Li Quanzhong 
Published: July 2023

RationaleChlorinated aromatics and alkanes are widely used for their flame retardancy, but they need to be monitored when used in recycled pulp. This paper reports the use of palladium acetate/activated carbon (Pa/Ac) activated by nitric acid as an online catalyst to determine chlorinated aromatics and chlorinated alkanes in recycled paper products using gas chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (GC–MS/MS), which significantly improves the sensitivity of the method and remarkably lowers the detection limits.MethodsThe Pa/Ac catalyst was prepared using a self‐made catalytic device and used as key to the online catalytic conversion of target chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons and chlorinated alkanes for GC–MS/MS analysis. The response surface model was used to optimize catalytic conditions. Then GC–MS/MS in the multireaction monitoring mode with online catalysis was applied for the analysis of polychlorinated biphenyls, polychlorinated terphenyls, polychlorinated naphthalene, and chlorinated paraffins (CP) in recycled paper products.ResultsCompared with traditional methods, the Pa/Ac catalyst can transform chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons into aromatic hydrocarbons through dechlorination hydrogenation, thus lowering the detection limit of the GC–MS/MS method significantly. It can transform paraffin chloride into the corresponding alkane to better distinguish short‐chain, medium‐chain, or long‐chain CPs. Online catalytic conversion significantly improved the sensitivity and reproducibility (88.7%–113.1%) of the method. Tissue samples with various concentration levels of chlorinated aromatics and chlorinated alkanes were tested. The linearity range of the reduced target compounds in the reduction product solution was 0.02–1.00 μg/ml (R2 > 0.995). The quantitative detection limit was 0.03–0.05 μg/kg, and relative standard deviation was less than 6.9%.ConclusionThis study was the first to introduce the Pa/Ac catalytic device as an online catalytic unit in the determination of chlorinated aromatics and chlorinated alkanes using the GC–MS/MS method. The target compounds were converted into alkanes and aromatic hydrocarbons with unchanged carbon structures, and the method could achieve a low detection limit with no need for high‐end methods such as GC‐chemical ionization ion source (CI)‐MS or high‐resolution mass spectrometry. These methods are suitable for the determination of chlorine pollutants in recycled paper and its raw materials.
Calcifying Coccolithophore: An Evolutionary Advantage Against Extracellular Oxidative Damage
Authors: Yang Minjun , Batchelor‐McAuley Christopher , Barton Samuel , Rickaby Rosalind E.M. , Bouman Heather A. , Compton Richard G. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe evolutionary advantages afforded by phytoplankton calcification remain enigmatic. In this work, fluoroelectrochemical experiments reveal that the presence of a CaCO3 shell of a naturally calcifying coccolithophore, Coccolithus braarudii, offers protection against extracellular oxidants as measured by the time required for the switch‐off in their chlorophyll signal, compared to the deshelled equivalents, suggesting the shift toward calcification offers some advantages for survival in the surface of radical‐rich seawater.
Low‐Voltage Hydrogen Production via Hydrogen Peroxide Oxidation Facilitated by Oxo Ligand Axially Coordinated to Cobalt in Phthalocyanine Moiety
Authors: Lee Jisu , Lee Boreum , Lee Yeongdae , Kim Ahyeon , Lee Dong‐gyu , Lim Hankwon , Song Hyun‐Kon 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA cobalt phthalocyanine having an electron‐poor CoN4 (+δ) in its phthalocyanine moiety was presented as an electrocatalyst for hydrogen peroxide oxidation reaction (HPOR). We suggested that hydrogen peroxide as an electrolysis medium for hydrogen production and therefore as a hydrogen carrier, demonstrating that the electrocatalyst guaranteed high hydrogen production rate by hydrogen peroxide splitting. The electron deficiency of cobalt allows CoN4 to have the highly HPOR‐active monovalent oxidation state and facilitates HPOR at small overpotentials range around the onset potential. The strong interaction between the electron‐deficient cobalt and oxygen of peroxide adsorbates in Co─OOH− encourages an axially coordinated cobalt oxo complex (O═CoN4) to form, the O═CoN4 facilitating the HPOR efficiently at high overpotentials. Low‐voltage oxygen evolution reaction guaranteeing low‐voltage hydrogen production is successfully demonstrated in the presence of the metal–oxo complex having electron‐deficient CoN4. Hydrogen production by 391 mA cm−2 at 1 V and 870 mA cm−2 at 1.5 V is obtained. Also, the techno‐economic benefit of hydrogen peroxide as a hydrogen carrier is evaluated by comparing hydrogen peroxide with other hydrogen carriers such as ammonia and liquid organic hydrogen carriers.
Chitin Nanofibrils from Fungi for Hierarchical Gel Polymer Electrolytes for Transient Zinc‐Ion Batteries with Stable Zn Electrodeposition
Authors: Ruiz Diego , Michel Veronica F. , Niederberger Markus , Lizundia Erlantz 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRechargeable batteries play an integral role toward carbon neutrality. Environmentally sustainable batteries should consider the trade‐offs between material renewability, processability, thermo‐mechanical and electrochemical performance, as well as transiency. To address this dilemma, we follow circular economy principles to fabricate fungal chitin nanofibril (ChNF) gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs) for zinc‐ion batteries. These biocolloids are physically entangled into hierarchical hydrogels with specific surface areas of 49.5 m2·g−1. Ionic conductivities of 54.1 mS·cm−1 and a Zn2+ transference number of 0.468 are reached, outperforming conventional non‐renewable/non‐biodegradable glass microfibre separator–liquid electrolyte pairs. Enabled by its mechanically elastic properties and large water uptake, a stable Zn electrodeposition in symmetric Zn|Zn configuration with a lifespan above 600 h at 9.5 mA·cm−2 is obtained. At 100 mA·g−1, the discharge capacity of Zn/α‐MnO2 full cells increases above 500 cycles when replacing glass microfiber separators with ChNF GPEs, while the rate performance remains comparable to glass microfiber separators. To make the battery completely transient, the metallic current collectors are replaced by biodegradable polyester/carbon black composites undergoing degradation in water at 70 °C. This work demonstrates the applicability of bio‐based materials to fabricate green and electrochemically competitive batteries with potential applications in sustainable portable electronics, or biomedicine.
Engineered Bio‐Heterojunction with Infection‐Primed H2S Liberation for Boosted Angiogenesis and Infectious Cutaneous Regeneration
Authors: Huang Yiling , Huang Yixuan , Wang Ziyou , Yu Sheng , Johnson Hannah M. , Yang Yingming , Li Meng , Li Jiyao , Deng Yi , Liang Kunneng 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) acts as a powerful weapon against infectious diseases for its enormous antimicrobial activity that quickly elicits storms of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Nevertheless, redundant ROS during treatment inevitably bring detriments in revascularization. To address this dilemma, an innovative P‐N bio‐heterojunction (bio‐HJ) material consisting of p‐type copper sulfide (p‐CuS), n‐type bismuth sulfide (n‐Bi2S3), and lactate oxidase (LOx) for effective treatment of recalcitrant infectious wounds by promoting angiogenesis is devised. LOx exhausts lactic acid accumulated in infection environment and converts it to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), which subsequently yields bactericidal hydroxyl radicals (·OH) via Fenton‐like reactions. Ultimately, the P‐N bio‐HJs exert synergistic photothermal, photodynamic, and chemodynamic effects for rapid bacterial annihilation. Moreover, in vitro and RNA‐seq analyses reveal that the crafted bio‐HJs dramatically expedite the proliferation of L929 cells and promote angiogenesis by up‐regulating angiogenic gene expression in hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1 (HIF‐1) signaling pathway, which may ascribe to the evolution of H2S in response to the infection microenvironment. Critically, results of in vivo experiments have authenticated that the bio‐HJs significantly boost healing rates of full‐thickness wounds by slaughtering bacteria, elevating angiogenesis, and promoting cytothesis. As envisioned, this work furnishes a novel tactic for the effective treatment of bacteria‐invaded wound using H2S‐liberating P‐N bio‐HJs.
Supramolecular Nanoarchitectonics Based on Antagonist Peptide Self‐Assembly for Treatment of Liver Fibrosis
Authors: Li Bowen , Huang Yan , Bao Jianwei , Xu Zixuan , Yan Xuehai , Zou Qianli 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTherapeutic peptides have attracted increasing attention as anti‐fibrotic drug candidates. However, the rapid degradation and insufficient liver accumulation of therapeutic peptides have seriously hampered their clinical translation. Here, the use of supramolecular nanoarchitectonics is reported to fabricate nanodrugs from therapeutic peptides for treating liver fibrosis. Self‐assembling antagonist peptides are rationally designed and manipulated into uniform peptide nanoparticles with well‐defined nanostructures and uniform sizes. Significantly, the peptide nanoparticles show enhanced accumulation in liver sites and limited distribution in other tissues. In vivo results show that the peptide nanoparticles exhibit greatly enhanced anti‐fibrotic activity compared to the pristine antagonist along with good biocompatibility. These results indicate that self‐assembly is a promising nanoarchitectonics approach to enhance the anti‐fibrotic activity of therapeutic peptides for treating liver fibrosis.
Biomass from phytopathogens and culture conditions improve Penicillium chrysogenum antimicrobial activity and antifungal compounds production
Authors: Pacios‐Michelena Sandra , González Cristóbal N. Aguilar , Herrera Raúl Rodríguez , Alvarez‐Perez Olga B. , González Mónica L. Chávez , Valdés Roberto Arredondo , Valdés Juan A. Ascacio , Salas Mayela Govea , Iliná Anna 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe present study evaluated the effect of culture conditions and phytopathogenic strain co‐culture on the production of antimicrobial metabolites and antifungal activity of Penicillium chrysogenum R1, which PCR identified. Antimicrobial activity was determined using the Hunter‐Hunter experimental design with three factors (pH, incubation temperature, and inoculum, at two levels each). The antifungal metabolites, β 1‐3 glucanase and chitinase, produced in the presence of live and inactivated Fusarium oxysporum Fsox C11 biomass, were evaluated using HPLC‐MS and GC‐MS. Results showed that P. chrysogenum inhibited the growth of five phytopathogenic fungal strains, and the most significant inhibition was observed for F. oxysporum Fsox C11. The best conditions to achieve the highest antifungal activity of the cell‐free extract were pH 7, 28°C, 1 × 106 spores/mL, and 144 h of fermentation, observing 86% inhibition of F. oxysporum Fsox C11 growth. Production of antifungal metabolites such as 1,4‐benzoquinone imine, viridicatic acid, phenol‐5‐methyl‐2‐(1‐methyl ethyl), and hydrolytic enzymes β 1‐3 glucanase and chitinase was detected. The results define the perspective in designing new processes and products for biocontrol phytopathogens.
MAD water: Integrating modular, adaptive, and decentralized approaches for water security in the climate change era
Authors: Wutich Amber , Thomson Patrick , Jepson Wendy , Stoler Justin , Cooperman Alicia D. , Doss‐Gollin James , Jantrania Anish , Mayer Alex , Nelson‐Nuñez Jami , Walker W. Shane , Westerhoff Paul 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCentralized water infrastructure has, over the last century, brought safe and reliable drinking water to much of the world. But climate change, combined with aging and underfunded infrastructure, is increasingly testing the limits of—and reversing gains made by—this approach. To address these growing strains and gaps, we must assess and advance alternatives to centralized water provision and sanitation. The water literature is rife with examples of systems that are neither centralized nor networked, yet meet water needs of local communities in important ways, including: informal and hybrid water systems, decentralized water provision, community‐based water management, small drinking water systems, point‐of‐use treatment, small‐scale water vendors, and packaged water. Our work builds on these literatures by proposing a convergence approach that can integrate and explore the benefits and challenges of modular, adaptive, and decentralized (“MAD”) water provision and sanitation, often foregrounding important advances in engineering technology. We further provide frameworks to evaluate justice, economic feasibility, governance, human health, and environmental sustainability as key parameters of MAD water system performance.This article is categorized under:
Engineering Water > Water, Health, and Sanitation
Human Water > Water Governance
Engineering Water > Sustainable Engineering of Water
Analysis of radiative MHD Carreau nanofluid flow with melting heat transfer and variable thermal conductivity
Authors: Khan Zawar , Zeb Salman , Yousaf Muhammad 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn this work, we present the impacts of melting heat transfer phenomena on the steady, laminar, incompressible, two‐dimensional magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) Carreau nanofluid flow towards the stretching sheet. Additionally, in energy equation thermal radiation and variable thermal conductivity effects are also taken into consideration. By using similarity variables, governing non‐linear partial differential equations (PDEs) of the Carreau nanofluid flow model are transformed into dimensionless non‐linear ordinary differential equations (ODEs). Numerical solutions are then investigated and the results are illustrated through graphs and tables showing parameters effect on velocity, temperature, and concentration profiles of the fluid and on physical quantities including skin friction coefficient, Nusselt and Sherwood numbers, respectively. From the analysis, it is found that boosting melting heat transfer parameter leads to increasing behavior in velocity and concentration distributions, while the opposite trend is noticed for temperature distribution. Numerical results are found in close agreement and are accurate by carrying out its comparison with previous results for skin friction coefficient with different magnetic parameters while keeping other parameter values constant.
Manipulating Readers: The Novels of Agatha Christie
Authors: Link Sarah J. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis chapter analyzes lists in novels written by Agatha Christie, exploring how they invite readers to adopt certain patterns of thinking. The form of the list is presented as a cognitive tool for problem solving, both by Christie’s fictional detectives and as a possible starting point for investigations conducted by the reader. Christie systematically uses lists and their affordances to mislead readers through playing with their genre expectations. This way, she achieves surprise effects and is able to create suspense. Genre expectations prestructure the gaps in the text and thus determine the most likely patterns in which these gaps will be filled. Christie uses the list as a device that becomes tied to her readers’ expectations about order structures in this genre, and she consciously employs the formal structures of her texts to play with her readers’ assumptions.
Protokoll/protocol
Authors: Werber Niels 
Published: July 2023

ZusammenfassungDas von Carl Schmitt beschriebene Problem des Zugangs zum Machthaber wird aufgegriffen, um die Zugangsfrage als Protokollfrage zu fassen: Es kommt auf das diplomatische Protokoll an, das aufschreibt und vorschreibt, wer wie wo und wann vor den König treten darf. An einigen historischen Fällen wird rekonstruiert, welche Probleme sich aus protokollarischen Fragen ergeben.Wenn der Zugang zum französischen König einer schweizerischen Delegation verwehrt bleibt, dann hat dies seine Gründe im bevorzugten Medium der Diplomatie, der Interaktion unter Anwesenden. Kommt es zu einem Medienwechsel, stellt sich die Zugangsfrage neu. Das Protokoll reguliert nun nicht mehr die Art und Weise der persönlichen Begegnung, sondern die Art und Weise der Mitteilung von Informationen, sei es telegraphisch oder telefonisch, analog oder digital. Der Beitrag schließt mit einer These zum Internet Protocol, das die Zugangsfrage neu justiert und dabei neue Hierarchien und Zentren ausbildet.