bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using ultraviolet dermoscopy in diagnosing scabies
Authors: Yürekli Aslan , Muslu İlayda , Pektaş Suzan Demir , Alataş Emine Tuğba , Aydoğdu Ceyda Tetik , Daşgin Dilek 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe latest generation ultraviolet (UV) dermatoscopes, which emit UV light at a wavelength of 365 nm and enlarge lesions, are practical devices that can facilitate the diagnosis and follow‐up of some dermatological diseases with fluorescence that can be observed in skin lesions. In 305 patients, 468 tunnels were evaluated: first in polarized mode and later in UV mode. The recorded samples were compared one‐to‐one by the same dermatologist. Due to the study's design, images were examined in three stages: tunnel borders, tunnel content and mite appearance. In UV mode, the entire body of mites gives a bright reflex along with an oval‐shaped diagnostic clue well beyond the delta sign. The borders of the tunnel reflect brightly in UV mode, with borders that are more sharply visible than in polarized mode. Although the tunnel content cannot be clearly distinguished in polarized mode, especially in people with hyperkeratotic palms, or ‘working hands’ (e.g. farmers, mechanics and construction workers), with the bright reflex, the tunnel borders in UV mode give a bright reflection and provide a clear view of tunnels. Tunnel content gives a bright reflection in UV mode. Our results show that UV dermatoscopes provide more effective and clearer images than polarized dermatoscopes in the diagnosis of scabies.
MapIntel: A visual analytics platform for competitive intelligence
Authors: Silva David , Bação Fernando 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCompetitive Intelligence allows an organization to keep up with market trends and foresee business opportunities. This practice is mainly performed by analysts scanning for any piece of valuable information in a myriad of dispersed and unstructured sources. Here we present MapIntel, a system for acquiring intelligence from vast collections of text data by representing each document as a multidimensional vector that captures its own semantics. The system is designed to handle complex Natural Language queries and visual exploration of the corpus, potentially aiding overburdened analysts in finding meaningful insights to help decision‐making. The system searching module uses a retriever and re‐ranker engine that first finds the closest neighbours to the query embedding and then sifts the results through a cross‐encoder model that identifies the most relevant documents. The browsing or visualization module also leverages the embeddings by projecting them onto two dimensions while preserving the multidimensional landscape, resulting in a map where semantically related documents form topical clusters which we capture using topic modelling. This map aims at promoting a fast overview of the corpus while allowing a more detailed exploration and interactive information encountering process. We evaluate the system and its components on the 20 newsgroups data set, using the semantic document labels provided, and demonstrate the superiority of Transformer‐based components. Finally, we present a prototype of the system in Python and show how some of its features can be used to acquire intelligence from a news article corpus we collected during a period of 8 months.
To recommend or not recommend: That is still the question
Authors: Braunstein Lawrence Jay , Wittmann Jeffrey P. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe boundaries around what parenting plan evaluators should and should not say in their reports to Courts has been debated in both mental health and legal circles for decades. The controversy about whether parenting plan evaluators should make specific recommendations to Courts regarding access plans and decision‐making rights revolves around varied views of the limits of mental health professionals' knowledge about such matters, whether they are socio‐moral or psychological in nature, and the benefits to children and society of facilitating case‐resolution. In the conversation presented below a seasoned family law attorney and a psychologist who is a frequent critic of the practice of making specific recommendations debate this area of controversy.
The historical shifts of in/formality of learning within craft skills ecosystems in the United Kingdom
Authors: Li Mixue , Holstein Jeannie , Wedekind Volker 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we address the debate on local skills ecosystems and informal learning. We use the social ecosystem model as a tool to help us analyse the role played by various actors in learning and skills ecosystems and highlight the role of informal learning in vocational education and training. We draw on the case of craft pottery to discuss the historical shifts and transformations of ecosystems, including the centrality of informal learning occurring in different spaces and times, and subsequent transformation of the learning ecosystem. Our paper contributes in two ways. First, we add the lens of temporality to understanding of how learning and skills ecosystems are maintained and developed, in the absence of supportive government policy. Second, we show how multiple horizontal sectors contribute to reconstruct a learning and skills ecosystem, as an informal one, over time.
Macrophage memory: Types, mechanisms, and its role in health and disease
Authors: Fang Xu‐Hui , Li Zhi‐Jing , Liu Chun‐Yan , Mor Gil , Liao Ai‐Hua 
Published: September 2023

AbstractOn the basis of the mechanisms of action and characteristics of immune effects, immunity is commonly categorized into innate and adaptive immunity. Adaptive immunity is associated with the response to non‐self‐entities and is characterized by high specificity and memory properties. In contrast, innate immunity has traditionally been considered devoid of memory characteristics. However, an increasing number of studies have sought to challenge this conventional immunological dogma and shown that innate immune cells exhibit a more robust and rapid response to secondary stimulation, thus providing evidence of the immunological memory in innate immunity. Macrophages, which are among the most important innate immune cells, can also acquire memory phenotype that facilitates the mediation of recall responses. Macrophage memory is a relatively new concept that is revolutionizing our understanding of macrophage biology and immunological memory and could lead to a new class of vaccines and immunotherapies. In this review, we describe the characteristics and mechanisms of macrophage memory, as well as its essential roles in various diseases.
Management's Key Responsibility
Authors: Madden Bartley J. 
Published: September 2023

Bartley Madden, a leading management consultant and author, follows up after Edmund Phelps' leading article on innovation and mass flourishing with specific recommendations for business managers.Madden identifies a firm's knowledgebuilding proficiency as its most important capability in order to survive and prosper over the long term. Even a firm's competitive advantage and intangible assets are best understood as the result of its ability to build knowledge. Along with a firm's organizational structure, knowledge‐building proficiency coordinates and improves work, innovation, and resource allocation.Madden is very critical of much of the current academic finance research that, while ostensibly focused what creates “excess shareholder returns” (i.e., economic profit or economic value‐added), is actually irrelevant to a fundamental understanding of what creates long‐term value.Academic studies are usually just statistical factor analyses. Even when economists study individual firms, they usually do so by modeling them simply as production functions: management is assumed to coordinate factors of production to make and sell products until marginal costs equal marginal revenue and profits are maximized. Such a firm is assumed to have clear boundaries and its management tightly controls the work of employees and the accumulation and allocation of its physical assets.Instead, Madden proposes a new and more sophisticated concept of the firm to position human capital, in general, and knowledge‐building proficiency, in particular, at the center of value creation. In this connection he offers two business exemplars: the American retailer Walmart and the Chinese Haier Group that makes consumer electronics and home appliances.
Prospective validation of a risk score to predict pacemaker implantation after transcatheter aortic valve replacement
Authors: Black George B. , Kim Joshua H. , Vitter Sophie , Ibrahim Rand , Lisko John C. , Perdoncin Emily , Shekiladze Nikoloz , Gleason Patrick T. , Grubb Kendra J. , Greenbaum Adam B. , Devireddy Chandan M. , Guyton Robert A. , Leshnower Bradley , Merchant Faisal M. , El‐Chami Mikhael , Westerman Stacy B. , Shah Anand D. , Leon Angel R. , Lloyd Michael S. , Babaliaros Vasilis C. , Kiani Soroosh 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe need for pacemaker is a common complication after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). We previously described the Emory Risk Score (ERS) to predict the need for new pacemaker implant (PPM) after TAVR. Metrics included in the score are a history of syncope, pre‐existing RBBB, QRS duration ≥140 ms, and prosthesis oversizing ≥16%. To prospectively validate the previously described risk score.MethodsWe prospectively evaluated all patients without pre‐existing pacemakers, ICD, or pre‐existing indications for pacing undergoing TAVR with the Edwards SAPIEN 3 prosthesis at our institution from March 2019 to December 2020 (n = 661). Patients were scored prospectively; however, results were blinded from clinical decision‐making. The primary endpoint was PPM at 30 days after TAVR. Performance of the ERS was evaluated using logistic regression, a calibration curve to prior performance, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis.ResultsA total of 48 patients (7.3%) had PPM after TAVR. A higher ERS predicted an increased likelihood of PPM (OR 2.61, 95% CI: 2.05–3.25 per point, p < 0.001). There was good correlation between observed and expected values on the calibration curve (slope = 1.04, calibration at large = 0.001). The area under the ROC curve was 0.81 (95% CI [0.74–0.88], p < 0.001).ConclusionsThe ERS prospectively predicted the need for PPM in a serial, real‐world cohort of patients undergoing TAVR with a balloon‐expandable prosthesis, confirming findings previously described in retrospective cohorts. Notably, the prospective performance of the score was comparable with that of the initial cohorts. The risk score could serve as a framework for preprocedural risk stratification for PPM after TAVR.
Prolonged haematologic toxicity in CAR‐T‐cell therapy: A review
Authors: Liu Qi , Hu Tonglin , Li Hangchao , Shen Yingying , Wu Dijiong , Ye Baodong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractChimeric antigen receptor‐T‐cell (CAR‐T‐cell) therapy is a novel immunotherapy with encouraging results for treatment of relapsed/refractory haematologic malignancies. With increasing use, our understanding of immune‐mediated side effects such as cytokine release syndrome and neurotoxicity has improved; nevertheless, prolonged haematologic toxicity (PHT), with a high incidence rate, remains underrecognized. Owing to heterogeneity in populations, the CAR‐T cells used and diseases treated as well as differences in the definition of PHT, its rate, risk factors and management vary across studies. In this review, we provide a narrative of PHT occurring in patients following CAR‐T‐cell therapy; evidence of PHT treatment strategies is also presented, with the aim of contributing to systematic understanding of PHT.
Activation of vascular endothelial cells by synovial fibrosis promotes Netrin‐1‐induced sensory nerve sprouting and exacerbates pain sensitivity
Authors: Ma Zhenyuan , Wei Yibao , Liao Taiyang , Jie Lishi , Yang Nan , Yu Likai , Wang Peimin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSynovial fibrosis is one of the most dominant histopathological changes in osteoarthritis of the knee (KOA), and activation of vascular endothelial cells in synovial fibrosis is both an important factor in mediating pain in KOA and a major contributor to the generation of pain signals. At the same time, angiogenesis and nerve fibres are more likely to underlie the pathology of pain induced by synovial fibrosis. In the present study, we established a co‐culture model of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) with dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and detected tissue and cellular Netrin‐1, vascular cell adhesion molecule‐1 (VCAM‐1), intercellular cell adhesion molecule‐1 (ICAM‐1), growth‐associated protein‐43 (GAP43), colorectal cancer deleted (DCC), uncoordinated 5 (UNC5), and the related expression of calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP), substance P (SP) and nerve growth factor (NGF) in supernatant by ELISA to investigate the intervention of vascular endothelial cell activation on sensory nerve sprouting exacerbating peripheral pain sensitivity and to investigate the effect of Netrin‐1 from the perspective of Netrin‐1 secretion to illustrate its effector mechanism.
Efficacy and safety of a 14‐day modified concomitant therapy for refractory Helicobacter pylori infection: a pilot study
Authors: Zeng Shu‐yan , Wang Juan , Liu Jing , Lin Min‐Juan , Lin Bo‐Shen , Ding Yu‐Ming , Kong Qing‐Zhou , Zhang Wen‐Lin , Duan Miao , Han Zhong‐Xue , Li Yue‐yue , Zuo Xiu‐Li , Li Yan‐Qing 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackground and AimAfter three treatment failures, Helicobacter pylori infection is deemed refractory as antibiotic treatment options become significantly limited. This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of a 14‐day modified concomitant therapy for managing refractory H. pylori infection.MethodsPatients who had failed to respond to three or more rounds of H. pylori therapies were recruited for this study. They received a 14‐day modified concomitant therapy, including esomeprazole 40 mg, amoxicillin 1000 mg, and furazolidone 100 mg twice daily and tetracycline 500 mg four times daily. Demographic data, adverse events, and patient compliance were recorded. The presence of H. pylori was reevaluated 6 weeks following treatment. Eradication rate was assessed as the primary outcome.ResultsOverall, 59 participants received the 14‐day modified concomitant therapy. In the intention‐to‐treat and per‐protocol analyses, the eradication rate was 84.7% (50/59) and 89.3% (50/56), respectively. H. pylori was successfully isolated from 75.0% (12/16) of patients. The resistance rate of H. pylori to metronidazole, levofloxacin, and clarithromycin was 91.7% (11/12), 58.3% (7/12), and 50.0% (6/12), respectively. Resistance to amoxicillin, furazolidone, or tetracycline was not observed. The frequency of adverse events was 35.6% (21/59), with no serious adverse events reported.ConclusionThe 14‐day modified concomitant therapy appears to be appropriate for refractory H. pylori infection and is particularly promising for the Chinese population. A randomized controlled trial is warranted to verify its efficacy, especially in the current environment of increasing antibiotic resistance.
Stable licensing schemes in technology transfer
Authors: Kishimoto Shin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBy considering combinations of a lump‐sum fee and a per‐unit royalty as licensing schemes in the transfer of new technology through licensing from a technology holder to oligopolistic firms, we investigate stable licensing schemes that are realized as bargaining outcomes. The licensing schemes agreeable to both the technology holder and licensees are necessarily rejection‐proof; that is, no subgroup of licensees has an incentive to reject the licensing schemes. We newly define the rejection‐proof core for each group of licensees as the set of rejection‐proof licensing schemes for its group that are not dominated by any other rejection‐proof licensing schemes for any licensees' group. Our principal findings are as follows: For the group of licensees that maximizes the sum of the technology holder's (gross) profit and licensees' total surplus, the rejection‐proof core is always nonempty. Furthermore, from the perspective of profit maximization, the nonempty rejection‐proof cores suggest that the technology holder should license the new technology to such a group.
Transforming food supply chains for sustainability
Authors: Gómez Miguel I. , Lee Deishin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractModern food supply chains—infused with scientific and engineering innovations—have made food increasingly more affordable and accessible. Yet there is growing concern about the long‐term sustainability of our food system. Over time, the inputs (e.g., water, fertile soil, fossil fuels, and chemicals) and working resources (e.g., land and labor) required for industrial food production and its associated supply chain structure have become more scarce and hence more expensive. At the same time, the by‐products of these farming and supply chain activities (e.g., farm runoff and greenhouse gas emissions) have often created negative externalities on the environment and human health. To improve the sustainability of food production, research from the life sciences recommends adoption of transformative farming methods that incorporate ecological principles in a sustainable approach to farming. Operationally, this approach leverages economies of scope. In order to maintain strategic alignment, changing food production methods should be complemented with appropriate changes in the rest of the supply chain, including consumption habits. We propose a research agenda informed by findings from the life sciences, which integrates approaches from supply chain management as well as food and agricultural economics, to align all food supply chain partners with sustainable food production.
Long‐term remission and survival in dogs with high‐grade, B cell lymphoma treated with chemotherapy with or without sequential low‐dose rate half‐body irradiation
Authors: Best Matthew P. , Straw Rod C. , Gumpel Elias , Fry Darren R. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundStandard of care for dogs with high‐grade lymphoma, multiagent chemotherapy, achieves good initial responses but long‐term remissions are infrequent; previous studies using half‐body irradiation suggest improved long‐term outcomes.HypothesisThe addition of low‐dose rate half‐body irradiation would improve outcomes in dogs with B‐cell lymphoma.AnimalsClient‐owned dogs with stage III or higher, substage a, B‐cell lymphoma that achieved complete remission after 4 doses of multiagent chemotherapy.MethodsA case‐controlled design comparing 2‐year remission and survival rates between dogs treated with CHOP‐based chemotherapy and those treated with chemotherapy and sequential low‐dose rate half‐body irradiation.ResultsThirty‐eight dogs were enrolled with 18 included in final analysis, 9 prospectively‐enrolled dogs and 9 case‐matched historical controls. The irradiation cohort's 2‐year disease‐free rate was 56% whereas median duration exceeded the 730‐day study period compared with 0% and 261 days in the chemotherapy only group. Remission duration significantly differed between cohorts (P < .01), hazard ratio 0.218 (95% CI: 0.06‐0.77). The irradiation cohort's 2‐year survival rate was 78% with median overall survival duration exceeding the 730 day study period compared with 11% and 286 days in the chemotherapy only group. Overall survival time significantly differed between cohorts (P < .02), hazard ratio 0.173 (95% CI: 0.03‐0.839).Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceThe improved long‐term outcome achieved by dogs administered sequential low‐dose rate half‐body irradiation in this study is similar to previous observational studies. Where long‐term remission is sought in dogs with B‐cell lymphoma low‐dose rate half‐body irradiation could be considered in addition to standard chemotherapy.
Microbiome analysis of bile from apparently healthy cats and cats with suspected hepatobiliary disease
Authors: Slead Tanner S. , Callahan Benjamin J. , Schreeg Megan E. , Seiler Gabriela S. , Stowe Devorah M. , Azcarate‐Peril Maria Andrea , Jacob Megan E. , Gookin Jody L. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundBacterial infection of bile is a common cause of hepatobiliary disease in cats. Whether bile harbors a core microbiota in health or in cases of suspected hepatobiliary disease in cats is unknown.ObjectivesEstablish if gallbladder bile in apparently healthy cats harbors a core microbiota composed of bacterial taxa common to many individuals. Compare results of bile cytology, bile culture, and 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing in apparently healthy cats and cats with suspected hepatobiliary disease.AnimalsForty‐three client‐owned cats with suspected hepatobiliary disease and 17 control cats.MethodsBile was collected by ultrasound guided cholecystocentesis (cats with suspected hepatobiliary disease) or laparotomy after euthanasia (controls). Bile samples underwent cytologic examination, aerobic and anaerobic culture, and DNA was extracted for 16S rRNA gene amplification and sequencing.ResultsMicrobiome sequencing did not identify a core microbiota in control cats or cats having bile sampled because of clinical suspicion for hepatobiliary disease. Microbiome profiles from control cats were indistinguishable from profiles obtained from sampling instruments and reagents that were not exposed to bile (technical controls). Bacterial taxa that could not be explained by contamination or off‐target amplification were identified only in samples from cats with bactibilia and positive bile culture results forEscherichia coli. In severalE. colipositive samples, microbiome sequencing also identified a small number of potentially co‐infecting bacterial genera not identified by culture.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceCat bile does not harbor a core microbiota. Uncultured bacteria may contribute to pathogenesis of hepatobiliary disease in cats with bileE. coliinfection.