bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A passive control of magnetohydrodynamic flow of a blood‐based Casson hybrid nanofluid over a convectively heated bi‐directional stretching surface
Authors: Abas Syed Arshad , Ullah Hakeem , Islam Saeed , Fiza Mehreen 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHybrid nanofluids, which are used in nanotechnology, are advanced fluid classes with enriched thermal properties that produce superior outcomes than nanofluids. There are too many applications of hybrid nanofluids in engineering cosmetics, the automotive industry, the home industry, cancer treatment, textiles, paper plastics, paints, and soaps. The purpose of this study is to investigate the heat transfer rate of magnetohydrodynamic flow of Casson hybrid non‐Newtonian nanofluid across an enlarging surface. The current work focuses on magnetohydrodynamic hybrid nanoliquid flow across an extending 3‐D sheet. Additionally, zero mass flux and an adequate convective heating procedure are used as boundary conditions in this investigation. Blood serves as the base fluid, into which copper and alumina nanoparticles are dissolved to form a hybrid nanofluid. Adjusting the applicable similarity transformation, the present modeled equations are converted into dimensionless form. The Homotopy analysis approach (HAM) computes the resulting systems and illustrates them graphically to explain the flow behavior at the extending electrically conducting surface. Additionally, for changes in the non‐dimensional physical constraint values, the variations in physical quantities such as the skin friction, temperature, Nusselt number and velocity profiles are explained. The results of the current investigation demonstrated that a magnetic field and a non‐Newtonian parameter reduce the hybrid nanoliquid's velocity. The temperature profile goes up with thermophoresis and Brownian motion. The component of velocity is found to fall as the stretching ratio parameter rises, while the component of velocity in the direction experiences the opposite impact. When the parameters of a chemical reaction are adjusted upwards, the concentration profile deteriorates. It is originated that the rate at which heat is transferred by hybrid nanofluids is significantly more progressive than that of nanofluids.
Dissipative Lorentz force influence on mass flow over a micro‐cantilever sensor sheet under magnetic Ohmic heating
Authors: Basha Hussain , Nandeppanavar Mahantesh M. , Reddy Gudala Janardhana 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe novelty and main aim of the present numerical analysis is to explore the magneto‐thermo‐fluid characteristic features of incompressible, time‐dependent electrically conducting second‐grade fluid flow about a micro‐cantilever sensor sheet suspended in a squeezed regime between two parallel plates under the influence of Lorentz force field and viscous dissipation effects. Pertaining to this physical situation, the primitive forms of produced coupled nonlinear partial differential equations are rendered to non‐dimensional ordinary differential equations through appropriate scaling transformations. The resultant coupled nonlinear boundary value physical problem is solved by deploying a robust BVP4C Matlab function. The key features of the emerged different fluid flow parameters are documented in terms of extensive graphical visualization and tabular discussion. The current numerical investigation showed that, the increasing second‐grade fluid parameter significantly decreases the flow field and enhances the thermal and mass diffusion fields. Magnifying permeable velocity number decreases the velocity and increases the heat and concentration transport process. The thermal distribution over a sensor region is boosted with increasing Eckert number through viscous dissipation and magnetic Ohmic heating. Further, the elevating squeezing number decreases the skin friction and enhancing second‐grade fluid number boosted the skin‐friction coefficient. In addition to this, the increasing Schmidt and squeezing parameters decreases the local Sherwood number. Finally, a reasonable agreement between the present numerical solutions with the former results is presented.
Introduction
Authors: Sun Jiayue , Xu Shun , Liu Yang , Zhang Huaguang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe stability analysis of dynamical systems, which are ubiquitous in nature, has long been a hot topic of research and several approaches have been proposed. However, control scientists often demand optimality in addition to the stability of the control system. In the 1950s and 1960s, motivated by the development of space technology and the practical use of digital computers, the theory of optimization of dynamical systems developed rapidly, forming an important branch of the discipline: optimal control.
Optimal Regulation Strategy for Nonzero-Sum Games of the Immune System Using Adaptive Dynamic Programming
Authors: Sun Jiayue , Xu Shun , Liu Yang , Zhang Huaguang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis chapter investigates the optimal control strategy problem for nonzero-sum games of the immune system based on adaptive dynamic programming. Firstly, the main objective is approximating a Nash equilibrium between the tumor cells and the immune cell population, which is governed through chemotherapy drugs and immunoagents guided by the mathematical growth model of the tumor cells. Secondly, a novel intelligent nonzero-sum games-based ADP is put forward to solve optimization control problem through reducing the growth rate of tumor cells and minimizing chemotherapy drugs and immunotherapy drugs. Meanwhile, convergence analysis and iterative ADP algorithm are specified to prove feasibility. Finally, simulation examples are listed to account for availability and effectiveness of the research methodology.
Evolutionary Dynamics Optimal Research-Oriented Tumor Immunity Architecture
Authors: Sun Jiayue , Xu Shun , Liu Yang , Zhang Huaguang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis chapter devotes to evolutionary dynamics optimal control oriented tumor immune differential game system. Firstly, the mathematical model covering immune cells and tumor cells considering the effects of chemotherapy drugs and immune agents. Secondly, the bounded optimal control problem covering is transformed into solving HJB equation considering the actual constraints and infinite-horizon performance index based on minimize the amount of medication administered. Finally, approximate optimal control strategy is acquired through iteration dual heuristic dynamic programming algorithm avoiding dimensional disaster effectively and providing optimal treatment scheme for clinical applications.
Adaptive Virotherapy Strategy for Organism with Constrained Input Using Medicine Dosage Regulation Mechanism
Authors: Sun Jiayue , Xu Shun , Liu Yang , Zhang Huaguang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this chapter, the constrained adaptive control strategy based on virotherapy is investigated for organism using the medicine dosage regulation mechanism (MDRM). Firstly, the tumor-virus-immune interaction dynamics is established to model the relations among the tumor cells (TCs), virus particles and the immune response. ADP method is extended to approximately obtain the optimal strategy for the interaction system to reduce the populations of TCs. Due to the consideration of asymmetric control constraints, the non-quadratic functions are proposed to formulate the value function such that the corresponding Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation (HJBE) is derived which can be deemed as the cornerstone of ADP algorithms. Then, the ADP method of single-critic network architecture which integrates MDRM is proposed to obtain the approximate solutions of HJBE and eventually derive the optimal strategy. The design of MDRM makes it possible for the dosage of the agentia containing oncolytic virus particles to be regulated timely and necessarily. Furthermore, the uniform ultimate boundedness of the system states and critic weight estimation errors are validated by Lyapunov stability analysis. Finally, simulation results are given to show the effectiveness of the derived therapeutic strategy.
Triggering Higgs vacuum decay
Authors: Strumia Alessandro 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The Standard Model Higgs potential seems unstable at field values h > htop ~ 1010 GeV. Vacuum decay can be triggered by N ~ 4π/λ ~ 1000 overlapped Higgs bosons with energy $$ \sqrt{\lambda } $$

λ

htop. However, this configuration is stimulated by ultra-high energy collisions with a exp(−$$ \mathcal{O} $$
O
(N)) suppression, comparable to spontaneous vacuum decay: no ‘Higgspolosion’ enhancement arises. This implies that ultra-high energy cosmic ray collisions are safe, despite that their number (in production sites) likely is tens of orders of magnitude higher than what usually estimated (in space). We speculate on how vacuum decay could be induced classically, forming a in-coming wave of N boosted Higgs bosons at futuristic ultra-high energy colliders, and on how the resulting vacuum bubble could be controlled to extract energy.
Complete NLO corrections to off-shell $$ \textrm{t}\overline{\textrm{t}}\textrm{Z} $$ production at the LHC
Authors: Denner Ansgar , Lombardi Daniele , Pelliccioli Giovanni 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Measuring precisely top-pair-associated processes at hadron colliders will become possible with the upcoming LHC running stages. The increased data statistics will especially enable differential measurements leading to an improved characterisation of such processes. Aiming at a consistent data-theory comparison, precise Standard-Model predictions are needed, including higher-order corrections and full off-shell effects. In this work we present NLO-accurate predictions for the production and decay of a top-antitop pair in association with a Z boson at the LHC, in the multi-lepton decay channel. The complete set of LO contributions and NLO corrections of EW and QCD origin is included. The calculation is based on full matrix elements, computed with all resonant and non-resonant contributions, complete spin correlations and interference effects. Integrated and differential cross-sections are presented for a realistic fiducial setup.
Electroanatomical mapping after cardiac radioablation for treatment of incessant electrical storm: a case report from the RAVENTA trial
Authors: Kaestner Lena , Boda-Heggemann Judit , Fanslau Hannah , Xie Jingyang , Schweikard Achim , Giordano Frank A. , Blanck Oliver , Rudic Boris 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Electroanatomical mapping (EAM)-guided stereotactic arrhythmia radioablation (STAR) is a novel noninvasive therapy option for patients with monomorphic ventricular tachycardia (VT) refractory to antiarrhythmic drugs and/or urgent catheter ablation (CA). Data on success rates in an emergency situation such as electrical storm (ES) are rare. We present a case of a patient with an initially very poor life expectancy after extensive myocardial infarction with therapy–resistant ES, not amendable for further antiarrhythmic drug therapy, implantable cardioverter-defibrillator implantation, or repeated CA who was introduced to the radiation oncology department for emergency STAR as a bail-out therapy.

Methods
Target volume definition and transfer from EAM to CT were validated and quality assured with a semi-automatic, dedicated visualization tool (CARDIO-RT). Emergency STAR was performed with 25 Gy in the framework of the RAVENTA study. The VT burden gradually decreased after STAR; however, a second VT morphology occurred, which was successfully treated with EAM-guided CA 12 days after STAR.

Results
The second EAM-guided CA showed areas of low voltage in the irradiated segments, indicating a precise targeting and early functional response to STAR. The patient remained free of any VT recurrence or any radiation-related toxicities and in good general condition during the recent follow-up of 18 months.

Conclusion
The case highlights the possible approach, caveats, difficulties, and prognosis of a patient severely affected by therapy-resistant VT in whom CA could not lead to VT suppression. Further studies of putative mechanisms of STAR in the acute and chronic phase of this novel therapy are warranted.
SPP1/osteopontin: a driver of fibrosis and inflammation in degenerative ascending aortic aneurysm?
Authors: Freiholtz David , Bergman Otto , Pradhananga Sailendra , Lång Karin , Poujade Flore-Anne , Granath Carl , Olsson Christian , Franco-Cereceda Anders , Sahlén Pelin , Eriksson Per , Björck Hanna M. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Degenerative ascending aortic aneurysm (AscAA) is a silent and potentially fatal disease characterized by excessive vascular inflammation and fibrosis. We aimed to characterize the cellular and molecular signature for the fibrotic type of endothelial mesenchymal transition (EndMT) that has previously been described in degenerative AscAA. Patients undergoing elective open-heart surgery for AscAA and/or aortic valve repair were recruited. Gene expression in the intima-media of the ascending aorta was measured in 22 patients with non-dilated and 24 with dilated aortas, and candidate genes were identified. Protein expression was assessed using immunohistochemistry. Interacting distal gene enhancer regions were identified using targeted chromosome conformation capture (HiCap) in untreated and LPS-treated THP1 cells, and the associated transcription factors were analyzed. Differential expression analysis identified SPP1 (osteopontin) as a key gene in the signature of fibrotic EndMT in patients with degenerative AscAA. The aortic intima-media expression of SPP1 correlated with the expression of inflammatory markers, the level of macrophage infiltration, and the aortic diameter. HiCap analysis, followed by transcription factor binding analysis, identified ETS1 as a potential regulator of SPP1 expression under inflammatory conditions. In conclusion, the present findings suggest that SPP1 may be involved in the development of the degenerative type of AscAA.

Key messages
In the original manuscript titled “SPP1/osteopontin, a driver of fibrosis and inflammation in degenerative ascending aortic aneurysm?” by David Freiholtz, Otto Bergman, Saliendra Pradhananga, Karin Lång, Flore-Anne Poujade, Carl Granath, Christian Olsson, Anders Franco-Cereceda, Pelin Sahlén, Per Eriksson, and Hanna M Björck, we present novel findings on regulatory factors on osteopontin (SPP1) expression in immune cells involved in degenerative ascending aortic aneurysms (AscAA).
The central findings convey:

SPP1 is a potential driver of the fibrotic endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition in AscAA.

SPP1/osteopontin expression in AscAA is predominately by immune cells.

ETS1 is a regulatory transcription factor of SPP1 expression in AscAA immune cells.
Femoroazetabuläres Impingement beim Jugendlichen und Adoleszenten
Authors: Noebauer-Huhmann Iris-M. , Koenig Felix R. M. , Chiari Catharina , Schmaranzer Florian 
Published: September 2023

ZusammenfassungDas femoroazetabuläre Impingement-Syndrom (FAIS) wird durch einen repetitiven mechanischen Konflikt zwischen Azetabulum und proximalem Femur insbesondere bei Flexion und Innenrotation hervorgerufen. Beim femoroazetabulären Impingement (FAI) vom Cam-Typ bewirkt eine Asphärizität am femoralen Kopf-Hals-Übergang die Induktion von Scherkräften am Azetabulum. Beim Pincer-Typ kann eine Retroversion der Pfanne und/oder eine vermehrte Überdachung vorliegen. Ein wichtiger mechanischer Einflussfaktor, welcher ein Impingement oder auch Hüftinstabilität verstärken oder kompensieren kann, ist die Femurtorsion. Meistens treten Torsionsstörungen kombiniert mit anderen ossären Deformitäten auf. Zu beachten ist, dass ein hoher Prozentsatz der Adoleszenten mit knöchernen FAI-Morphologien asymptomatisch bleibt. Die Diagnose des FAIS wird daher klinisch gestellt, die Bildgebung zeigt die zugrundeliegende Morphologie. Primäre Bildgebung ist das Röntgenbild in 2 Ebenen zur Beurteilung der Hüftgelenküberdachung und der azetabulären Version. Die vollständige Zirkumferenz des Femurs ist jedoch nur in der Magnetresonanztomographie (MRT) beurteilbar, ebenso Läsionen des Labrums und Knorpels sowie des Knochenmarks und der umgebenden Weichteile. Das MRT-Protokoll sollte routinemäßig eine Bestimmung der Rotation des Femurs beinhalten. Zudem sollten flüssigkeitssensitive Sequenzen des Beckens zum groben Ausschluss degenerativer oder entzündlicher extraartikulärer Veränderungen akquiriert werden.
Bildgebung des postoperativen Beckenbodens
Authors: Pausch Antonia M. , Betschart Cornelia , Hötker Andreas M. 
Published: September 2023

Zusammenfassung
Klinisches/methodisches Problem
Der Genitaldeszensus ist ein häufiges Krankheitsbild der Frau, wobei zur Therapie sowohl konservative als auch chirurgische Maßnahmen zur Verfügung stehen. Für die adäquate radiologische Diagnostik nach stattgehabter Deszensuschirurgie ist die Kenntnis der verschiedenen Operationsverfahren und des eingesetzten Fremdmaterials essenziell, um mögliche Komplikationen von normalen postoperativen Veränderungen zu unterscheiden.

Radiologische Standardverfahren
Im unmittelbaren postoperativen Verlauf ist die Computertomographie (CT) zur Evaluation akuter Komplikationen wie Blutungen oder Organverletzungen meist die gewählte Modalität. Die Magnetresonanztomographie (MRT) bietet einen hohen Weichteilkontrast und ist daher in der Regel zur Beurteilung subakuter und chronischer Komplikationen zu bevorzugen.

Methodische Innovationen
Innovative Techniken wie dynamische MRT-Protokolle können die radiologische Beurteilung nach Deszensuschirurgie verbessern und beispielsweise die Bewertung der Organmobilität unter Belastung ermöglichen.

Leistungsfähigkeit
Radiologische Standardverfahren wie CT und MRT liefern detaillierte Informationen über den postoperativen Situs und potenzielle Komplikationen nach Deszensuschirurgie.

Bewertung
Die radiologische Bildgebung spielt insbesondere bei Komplikationen eine wichtige Rolle bei der Evaluation von Patientinnen nach Deszensuschirurgie. Durch eine präzise radiologische Diagnosestellung können adäquate weitere Therapiemaßnahmen ergriffen werden.
Management of anterior cruciate ligament revision in adults: the 2022 ESSKA consensus: part II—surgical strategy
Authors: Condello Vincenzo , Beaufilis Philippe , Becker Roland , Ahmad Sufian S. , Bonomo Marco , Dejour David , Eriksson Karl , Filardo Giuseppe , Feucht Matthias J. , Grassi Alberto , Wilson Adrian , Menetrey Jacques , Pujol Nicolas , Rathcke Martin , Seil Romain , Strauss Marc J. , Tischer Thomas 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPurposeThe aim of this ESSKA consensus is to give recommendations based on scientific evidence and expert opinion to improve the diagnosis, preoperative planning, indication and surgical strategy in Anterior Cruciate Ligament revision.MethodsPart 2, presented herein, followed exactly the same methodology as Part 1: the so‐called ESSKA formal consensus derived from the Delphi method. Eighteen questions were ultimately asked. The quality of the answers received the following grades of recommendation: Grade A (high level scientific support), Grade B (scientific presumption), Grade C (low level scientific support) or Grade D (expert opinion). All answers were scored from 1 to 9 by the raters. Once a general consensus had been reached between the steering and rating groups, the question–answer sets were submitted to the peer‐review group. A final combined meeting of all the members of the consensus was then held to ratify the document.ResultsThe review of the literature revealed a rather low scientific quality of studies examining the surgical strategy in cases of ACL reconstruction failure. Of the 18 questions, only 1 received a Grade A rating; 5, a Grade B rating; and 9, grades of C or D. The three remaining complex questions received further evaluations for each portion of the question and were looked at in more detail for the following grades: B and D; A, C and D; or A, B, C and D. The mean rating of all questions by the rating group was 8.0 + − 1.1. The questions and recommendations are listed in the article.ConclusionACL revision surgery, especially the surgical strategy, is a widely debated subject with many different opinions and techniques. The literature reveals a poor level of standardization. Therefore, this international European consensus project is of great importance and clinical relevance for guiding the management of ACL revision in adults.Level of evidenceLevel II.
Reduction of apparent temporal variations of tidal parameters by a proper local response model
Authors: Ciesielski Adam , Forbriger Thomas , Zürn Walter , Rietbrock Andreas 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe describe a new harmonic tidal analysis method, which constrains the solution to be near a reference model. This regularization stabilizes the linear regression, allowing us to infer model parameters for each tidal harmonic. This overcomes the need to create a priori groupings of harmonics. The inversion is done iteratively by adjusting the reference model to reduce the data misfit. The frequency dependence of the solution is thus data-driven. We find models for the different spherical degrees independently. Our procedure allows narrow-band variations of the tidal admittance. We test the hypothesis that some of the temporal variations of tidal parameters found in previous studies were caused by inappropriate body tide models in combination with a priori wave grouping. We determine a local response model from 11.5 years of data recorded by the superconducting gravimeter SG056 at Black Forest Observatory (BFO, Schiltach). Using this as an a priori model in a non-regularized moving window analysis of wave groups composed from summed harmonics, we find that periodic variations of groups M1, K1, $$\mu $$
μ
2, N2, L2, and S2 are reduced by up to a factor of 7 compared to earlier studies. Some variations previously seen in the M2 group are captured as well.