bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Substrate effects on spin relaxation in two-dimensional Dirac materials with strong spin-orbit coupling
Authors: Xu Junqing , Ping Yuan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractUnderstanding substrate effects on spin dynamics and relaxation is of key importance for spin-based information technologies. However, the key factors that determine such effects, in particular for materials with strong spin-orbit coupling (SOC), have not been well understood. Here we performed first-principles real-time density-matrix dynamics simulations with SOC and the electron-phonon and electron-impurity scattering for spin lifetimes (τs) of supported/free-standing germanene, a prototypical strong SOC 2D Dirac material. We show that the effects of different substrates on τs can surprisingly differ by two orders of magnitude. We find that substrate effects on τs are closely related to substrate-induced modifications of the SOC-field anisotropy, which changes the spin-flip scattering matrix elements. We propose a new electronic quantity, named spin-flip angle θ↑↓, to characterize spin relaxation through intervalley spin-flip scattering. We find that $${\tau }_{s}^{-1}$$

τ

s

−
1

is approximately proportional to the averaged value of $${\sin }^{2}\left({\theta }^{\uparrow \downarrow }/2\right)$$

sin

2

θ

↑
↓

/
2

, which serves as a guiding parameter of controlling spin relaxation.
No evidence for a common blood microbiome based on a population study of 9,770 healthy humans
Authors: Tan Cedric C. S. , Ko Karrie K. K. , Chen Hui , Liu Jianjun , Loh Marie ,   SG10K_Health Consortium, Chia Minghao , Nagarajan Niranjan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHuman blood is conventionally considered sterile but recent studies suggest the presence of a blood microbiome in healthy individuals. Here we characterized the DNA signatures of microbes in the blood of 9,770 healthy individuals using sequencing data from multiple cohorts. After filtering for contaminants, we identified 117 microbial species in blood, some of which had DNA signatures of microbial replication. They were primarily commensals associated with the gut (n = 40), mouth (n = 32) and genitourinary tract (n = 18), and were distinct from pathogens detected in hospital blood cultures. No species were detected in 84% of individuals, while the remainder only had a median of one species. Less than 5% of individuals shared the same species, no co-occurrence patterns between different species were observed and no associations between host phenotypes and microbes were found. Overall, these results do not support the hypothesis of a consistent core microbiome endogenous to human blood. Rather, our findings support the transient and sporadic translocation of commensal microbes from other body sites into the bloodstream.
Model for predicting early and late-onset postoperative pulmonary complications in perioperative patients receiving neuromuscular blockade: a secondary analysis
Authors: Aragón-Benedí Cristian , Oliver-Forniés Pablo , Pascual-Bellosta Ana , Ortega-Lucea Sonia , Ramírez-Rodriguez José Manuel , Martínez-Ubieto Javier ,   Research Group in Anaesthesia, Resuscitation, and Perioperative Medicine of Institute for Health Research Aragón (ISS Aragón), Aragón-Benedí Cristian , Pascual-Bellosta Ana , Ortega-Lucea Sonia , Martinez-Ubieto Javier , Muñoz-Rodríguez Luis Alfonso , Pérez-Navarro Guillermo , Quesada-Gimeno Natividad , Hormigón-Ausejo Mariana , de Miguel-Garijo Raquel , Jiménez-Bernadó Teresa , Pérez-Otal Berta , Heredia-Coca Carmen 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPulmonary complications continue to be the most common adverse event after surgery. The main objective was to carry out two independent predictive models, both for early pulmonary complications in the Post-Anesthesia Care Unit and late-onset pulmonary complications after 30 postoperative days. The secondary objective was to determine whether presenting early complications subsequently causes patients to have other late-onset events. This is a secondary analysis of a cohort study. 714 patients were divided into four groups depending on the neuromuscular blocking agent, and spontaneous or pharmacological reversal. Incidence of late-onset complications if we have not previously had any early complications was 4.96%. If the patient has previously had early complications the incidence of late-onset complications was 22.02%. If airway obstruction occurs, the risk of atelectasis increased from 6.88 to 22.58% (p = 0.002). If hypoxemia occurs, the incidence increased from 5.82 to 21.79% (p < 0.001). Based on our predictive models, we conclude that diabetes mellitus and preoperative anemia are two risk factors for early and late-onset postoperative pulmonary complications, respectively. Hypoxemia and airway obstruction in Post-Anesthesia Care Unit increased four times the risk of the development of pneumonia and atelectasis at 30 postoperative days.
Climate for evidence-based mental health care implementation in Germany: psychometric investigation of the Implementation Climate Scale (ICS)
Authors: Szota Katharina , Christiansen Hanna , Aarons Gregory A. , Ehrhart Mark G. , Fischer Anne , Rosner Rita , Steil Regina , Barke Antonia 
Published: March 2023

AbstractOrganizational implementation climate is an important construct in implementation research to describe to what extent implementation is expected, supported, and rewarded. Efforts in bridging the research-practice gap by implementing evidence-based practice (EBP) can benefit from consideration of implementation climate. The Implementation Climate Scale (ICS) is a psychometrically strong measure assessing employees’ perceptions of the implementation climate. The present cross-sectional study aimed at providing a German translation and investigating its psychometric properties. The translation followed standard procedures for adapting psychometric instruments. German psychotherapists (N = 425) recruited online completed the ICS, the Evidence Based Practice Attitudes Scale (EBPAS-36D) and the Intention Scale for Providers (ISP). We conducted standard item and reliability analyses. Factorial validity was assessed by comparing an independent cluster model of Confirmatory Factorial Analysis (ICM-CFA), a Bifactor CFA, a Second-order CFA and an (Bifactor) Exploratory Structural Equation Model (ESEM). Measurement invariance was tested using multiple-group CFA and ESEM, convergent validity with correlation analysis between the ICS and the ISP subjective norms subscale (ISP-D-SN). The mean item difficulty was pi = .47, mean inter-item correlation r = .34, and mean item-total correlation ritc = .55. The total scale (ω = 0.91) and the subscales (ω = .79–.92) showed acceptable to high internal consistencies. The model fit indices were comparable and acceptable (Second-order CFA: RMSEA [90% CI] = .077 [.069; .085], SRMR = .078, CFI = .93). Multiple-group CFA and ESEM indicated scalar measurement invariance across gender and presence of a psychotherapy license. Psychotherapists in training reported higher educational support for EBP than licensed psychotherapists (T = 2.09, p = .037, d = 0.25). The expected high correlation between the ICS and the ISP-D-SN was found (r = .59, p < .001). Results for the German ICS confirm good psychometric properties including validity.
Assessment of pathogenic variation in gynecologic cancer genes in a national cohort
Authors: Kotnik Urška , Maver Aleš , Peterlin Borut , Lovrecic Luca 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPopulation-based estimates of pathogenic variation burden in gynecologic cancer predisposition genes are a prerequisite for the development of effective precision public health strategies. This study aims to reveal the burden of pathogenic variants in a comprehensive set of clinically relevant breast, ovarian, and endometrial cancer genes in a large population-based study. We performed a rigorous manual classification procedure to identify pathogenic variants in a panel of 17 gynecologic cancer predisposition genes in a cohort of 7091 individuals, representing 0.35% of the general population. The population burden of pathogenic variants in hereditary gynecologic cancer-related genes in our study was 2.14%. Pathogenic variants in genes ATM, BRCA1, and CDH1 are significantly enriched and the burden of pathogenic variants in CHEK2 is decreased in our population compared to the control population. We have identified a high burden of pathogenic variants in several gynecologic cancer-related genes in the Slovenian population, most importantly in the BRCA1 gene.
5G mmWave patch antenna array with proximity sensing function for detecting user's hand grip on mobile terminals
Authors: Yoo Jeong‐Ung , Son Hae‐Won 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe propose a new concept millimetre‐wave patch antenna that integrates the functions of an antenna and a capacitive proximity sensor to detect the hand grip state for 5G mobile terminals and compensate for the hand effect. The proposed antenna has the structure of a proximity‐coupled fed patch and functions as a proximity sensor by using the capacitance change of the patch that occurs when the user's hand approaches the patch. By observing the capacitance change at the centre of the patch operating in the TM01 mode, it is possible to simultaneously perform the functions of antenna and sensor without mutual interference. The proposed antenna is implemented as a 1 × 4 array. The experimental results show that it has a stable gain of 8.3 to 10.1 dBi at 26.5 to 29.5 GHz and can operate as a proximity sensor with a capacitance change of 200 fF according to the proximity of the hand.
Design of vehicle positioning system based on artificial intelligence cloud computing technology
Authors: Liang Jifeng 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWith the continuous progress of society, people's living consumption needs are also constantly changing. The traditional vehicle positioning technology can no longer meet the new positioning needs of travelers, so a more accurate positioning system is urgently needed. This paper aims to study a more accurate positioning system and proposes a vehicle positioning system based on radio frequency identification (RFID). After comparing several common positioning methods, the use of LANDMARC positioning algorithm makes the vehicle positioning more accurate. This paper has effectively integrated advanced computer and artificial intelligence technology and applies it to control and management and finally established a comprehensive traffic positioning system that can effectively alleviate traffic congestion, reduce traffic accidents and quickly deal with traffic emergencies. The experimental results have shown that when the vehicle runs at a speed of 40 km/h and the communication rate is 860 kpbs, the average positioning accuracy of the improved algorithm is doubled compared with the traditional algorithm, and the error is reduced by nearly one. Therefore, compared with the traditional positioning system and artificial intelligence, the RFID vehicle positioning system under cloud computing has more accurate positioning information and more timely and convenient services.
Complete Resolution of Peptic Ulcer by Individualised Homoeopathic Anti-Miasmatic Treatment—A Case Report
Authors: Raizada Sonia , Shukla Indu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPeptic ulcer is a lifestyle disorder and is becoming very common nowadays. A dull or burning pain in abdomen is the most common symptom of a peptic ulcer. Less common symptoms may include bloating, burping, poor appetite, vomiting and weight loss. Conventional treatments of peptic ulcer, such as proton pump inhibitors and histamine-2 receptor antagonists, have demonstrated adverse effects, relapses and various drug interactions. Homoeopathy offers an effective and safe treatment of cases through its unique holistic approach and can prevent surgery. The case reported here is of peptic ulcer in a 70-year-old male presenting with burning pain and bloating in abdomen along with regurgitation of food. Endoscopy showed multiple erosions with deep ulcers at pyloric opening and in the duodenum. He was successfully treated as evident by subsequent radiological study by anti-miasmatic individualised homoeopathic treatment with single medicine Phosphorus. It has been observed that apart from healing of the ulcer, the general health of the patient also improved with homoeopathic treatment.
A Commoner at an Extremely Rare Site: A Case of Dorsal Intramedullary Spinal Dermoid Cyst
Authors: Prachi Prachi , Aiyer Hema Malini , Sharma Gaurav , Shrivastav Ashish Kumar 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntramedullary dorsal dermoid cysts are rare benign tumors, arising from the nests of embryonic ectoderm, which get buried or trapped under the lines of fusion of the ectodermal folds in the developing embryo. We present a rare case of intramedullary dermoid cyst in a 30-year-old asymptomatic female, who presented with paraplegia and ataxia. Magnetic resonance imaging was suggestive of neoplastic intramedullary mass. Intraoperatively, findings were suspicious of tuberculosis, but on final histopathological evaluation, the final and definitive diagnosis of intramedullary dermoid cyst was rendered. The postoperative phase was uneventful.
A Randomised Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial of Homeopathic Medicines on Osteoarthritis
Authors: Mohanty Niranjan , Sahoo Amulya Ratna , Gautam Pooja , Ghosh Priyanka 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders present worldwide. It increases with age and is prevalent among elderly people affecting their daily activities thus adding to the economic burden.
Objectives This clinical study was undertaken to assess the efficacy of homeopathic medicines in the treatment of OA.
Methods This single-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, clinical trial was conducted on 90 patients suffering from OA. Each patient was randomised into an intervention group (IG) and a control group (CG). The IG (n = 60) received individualised homeopathic medicine (IHM) based on the symptom similarity of the case. The CG (n = 30) received an identical-looking placebo. Outcome assessment was done by assessing the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) scores at the baseline and after 3 months of follow-up. Paired t-test was used to determine differences between before and after treatment within groups.
Results The difference in the WOMAC index score before and after treatment in the CG was found non-significant (p = 0.96), while in the IG the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05) at a 95% of confidence level. The most useful medicines indicated were Bryonia alba, Medorrhinum, Pulsatilla pratensis, Rhus toxicodendron, Arnica montana, Causticum and Sulphur.
Conclusion Patients with OA reported a significant decrease in WOMAC index score after 3 months of homeopathic treatment based on the totality of symptoms.
The benefits of tourism for rural community development
Authors: Liu Yung-Lun , Chiang Jui-Te , Ko Pen-Fa 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWhile the main benefits of rural tourism have been studied extensively, most of these studies have focused on the development of sustainable rural tourism. The role of tourism contributions to rural community development remains unexplored. Little is known about what tourism contribution dimensions are available for policy-makers and how these dimensions affect rural tourism contributions. Without a clear picture and indication of what benefits rural tourism can provide for rural communities, policy-makers might not invest limited resources in such projects. The objectives of this study are threefold. First, we outline a rural tourism contribution model that policy-makers can use to support tourism-based rural community development. Second, we address several methodological limitations that undermine current sustainability model development and recommend feasible methodological solutions. Third, we propose a six-step theoretical procedure as a guideline for constructing a valid contribution model. We find four primary attributes of rural tourism contributions to rural community development; economic, sociocultural, environmental, and leisure and educational, and 32 subattributes. Ultimately, we confirm that economic benefits are the most significant contribution. Our findings have several practical and methodological implications and could be used as policy-making guidelines for rural community development.
Exploring the Social Reinforcing Value of Brushing in Equine-Assisted Services: A Comparative Study with Food Reinforcement
Authors: Schroeder Katy , Arant Megan , Hekkert Cameron , Protopopova Alexandra 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Brushing is one of the most common human-horse interactions in Equine-Assisted Services (EAS). Previous research has shown both positive and negative effects of brushing on horses’ behavior and physiological states. One of the primary reasons horses are included in services such as mental and behavioral healthcare is to provide human clients with positive relational experiences; however, more empirical research is needed to determine if horses also receive socially derived benefits from their interactions with human clients. Therefore, we set out to determine whether brushing can function as a social reinforcer for horses utilized in EAS in comparison to food reinforcement. Six EAS horses from a university-based Premier Accredited Professional Association of Therapeutic Horsemanship, International center in the Southwestern Region of the United States participated in a single-subject reversal ABCABC design experiment, in which stimuli (A: Brushing, B: Food, and C: Control [Extinction]) were provided contingent on an arbitrary behavior (nose touch to the experimenter’s closed fist). All horses exhibited maximal or near-maximal responding in the food condition, but low responding in the brushing and control conditions. Data indicated that brushing was not an effective reinforcer for horses compared to food, and this could suggest brushing is a low-value reinforcer. Alternatively, it is possible to access to food at relatively short intervals in time during the experiment may have impacted the reinforcing value of brushing. Human-animal interaction proponents are increasingly calling attention to the need to ensure that equine-inclusive healthcare services address horse welfare, including the promotion of positive welfare experiences. Results from this study support the need for more research on identifying optimal interactions that can promote mutual benefits to both humans and horses participating in EAS.
Research on the multimodal fusion calibration method of the binocular visual system in a large-scale FOV
Authors: Xia Zhongyuan , Xia Renbo , Zhao Jibin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Calibration is vital for the binocular visual system. The high-precision measurement volume of the traditional binocular visual system is very small; therefore, it is difficult to measure large objects accurately. Accurate calibration of the binocular visual system is also extremely difficult in a large-scale field-of-view (FOV). Several attempts have been made to calibrate the binocular visual system in a large-scale FOV without recognizing the importance of depth information. A new method based on multimodal constraints has been proposed to calibrate the binocular visual system in a large-scale FOV whose height-width-depth is 2*2*2

m

3

. The method fuses multiple constraints, i.e. the distance error constraint, the reprojection error constraint, the epipolar error constraint, the spatial points error constraint, and the regularization constraint. An objective function that integrates the above constraints has been derived. The construction method of the global Jacobi matrix, the adaptive weight adjustment method, and the Levenberg–Marquardt iterative algorithm are used to minimize the objective function. Comparison experiments have been carried out to validate the performance of our proposed method by measuring a 1.4 m long calibration gauge. The results show that the root mean square (RMS) of the residual error of our method is 0.0929 mm, Zhang’s traditional method is 0.523 mm, and Xiao’s photogrammetric method is 0.348 mm. The RMS of our method is 82% less than that of Zhang’s method. Noise experiments show that the RMS of the residual error of our method is 45% less than Zhang’s method with 0.1 level noise inference, which verifies the stability and reliability of our method.
Approximate localised dihedral patterns near a turing instability
Authors: Hill Dan J , Bramburger Jason J , Lloyd David J B 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Fully localised patterns involving cellular hexagons or squares have been found experimentally and numerically in various continuum models. However, there is currently no mathematical theory for the emergence of these localised cellular patterns from a quiescent state. A key issue is that standard techniques for one-dimensional patterns have proven insufficient for understanding localisation in higher dimensions. In this work, we present a comprehensive approach to this problem by using techniques developed in the study of radially-symmetric patterns. Our analysis covers localised planar patterns equipped with a wide range of dihedral symmetries, thereby avoiding a restriction to solutions on a predetermined lattice. The context in this paper is a theory for the emergence of such patterns near a Turing instability for a general class of planar reaction-diffusion equations. Posing the reaction-diffusion system in polar coordinates, we carry out a finite-mode Fourier decomposition in the angular variable to yield a large system of coupled radial ordinary differential equations. We then utilise various radial spatial dynamics methods, such as invariant manifolds, rescaling charts, and normal form analysis, leading to an algebraic matching condition for localised patterns to exist in the finite-mode reduction. This algebraic matching condition is nontrivial, which we solve via a combination of by-hand calculations and Gröbner bases from polynomial algebra to reveal the existence of a plethora of localised dihedral patterns. These results capture the essence of the emergent localised hexagonal patterns witnessed in experiments. Moreover, we combine computer-assisted analysis and a Newton–Kantorovich procedure to prove the existence of localised patches with 6 m-fold symmetry for arbitrarily large Fourier decompositions. This includes the localised hexagon patches that have been elusive to analytical treatment.