bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
BMRTD: Buffer Management policy based on Remaining Time to encounter nodes with the Destination node in delay tolerant networks
Authors: Karami Ahmad , Derakhshanfard Nahideh 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Delay Tolerant Network (DTN) is a kind of network that there is no continuous network connectivity among nodes. There are no end-to-end and constant connection paths from source nodes to destination nodes due to the mobility nature of nodes. In such networks there exists an inevitable long delivery delay. DTN is designed to perform properly over intermittent connections among nodes. Because of mobile nature of nodes, routing in DTN is based on store-carry-forward patterns to forward messages. Store-carry-forward is based on appropriateness of next node to deliver the message. Improving performance of such networks depends on both routing protocol and buffer management policy when nodes have limited buffer space. However, by sending multiple messages to a node, the number of received messages may exceed the capacity of the nodes and cause a buffer overflow. In order to increase performance, we have to drop some messages and receive some new one. Dropping appropriate message is a challenging problem. Deleting an appropriate message and replacing with a message with better condition can leads to increasing delivery ratio and decreasing delivery delay. Recognizing message with better condition is another challenge. So an efficient buffer management is very important to improving routing performance. Most buffer management policies are mainly for routing protocols. In this paper, we propose a buffer management policy for RPRTD routing protocol in delay tolerant network. This approach is based on Remaining Time to encounter nodes with the Destination node of messages (RTD). This algorithm determines which of the messages should be transmitted, which of the nodes should be considered as sender and which of the messages should be dropped when the buffer is full. Simulation results show that proposed algorithm has improved the delivery ratio and delay in delivering messages compared to the state of the art.
Green Chlorobenzene nitration by ultrasonic-assisted synthesized sulfated ZrO2 catalyst with NO2
Authors: Deng Renjie , Cui Haishuai , Liu Meilin , Ni Wenjin , Tian Yao , Liu Huajie 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Different solid superacid sulfated ZrO2 (SO42-/ZrO2) samples were successfully prepared by conventional and ultrasonic assisted chemical precipitation process, and then they were characterized by XRD, FT-IR, TGA, BET, NH3-TPD and Py-FT-IR. The results indicate that the acidity and surface area of sulfated sample can be increased by using ultrasonic. Furthermore, this ultrasonic-assisted catalyst was used for the chlorobenzene nitration using NO2 as nitrating agent. The catalyst shows excellent catalytic activity and reusability for the nitration of chlorobenzene giving high para selectivity. Furthermore, the reaction mechanism was proposed by combination of experimental results and theoretical calculations. The present work provides an easy-to-implement, mild and environmentally friendly approach for the efficient preparation of valuable para-nitrochlorobenzene, which has extensive industrial application prospects.
Observation of Kondo effect in transition metal dichalcogenides VX 2 (X=Se &amp; Te) due to low-temperature weak ferromagnetism
Authors: Kar Indrani , Ghosh Susanta , Gupta Shuvankar , Chakraborty Sudip , Thirupathaiah Setti 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We report on the electrical transport, magnetotransport, and magnetic properties studies on the transition metal dichalcogenides VSe2 and VTe2 and draw a comprehensive comparison between them. We observe Kondo effect in both systems due to weak ferromagnetic ordering at low temperature , resulting into resistance upturn at 6 K for VSe2 and 12 K for VTe2. From the field dependent resistance measurements we find that the data is fitted best with modified Hamann equation corrected by the quantum Brillouin function for VSe2, while the data is fitted best with modified Hamann equation corrected by the classical Langevin function for VTe2. We attribute the differing formalisms for the same Kondo effect in VSe2 and VTe2 to their extrinsic sample properties rather than the intrinsic nature of the material. Interestingly, we observe a contrasting magnetoresistance (MR) property between these systems across the Kondo temperature. That means, negative MR is found in both systems in the Kondo state. In the normal state MR is positive for VSe2, while it is negligible for VTe2. In addition, both systems show weak ferromagnetism at low temperature due to intercalated V atoms.
Properties of Circular cosh-Gaussian beams focused by a thin lens system under a turbulent atmosphere
Authors: Lazrek M. , Hricha Z. , Belafhal A. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The propagation of a Circular cosh-Gaussian beam (CiChGB) through a paraxial ABCD optical system in a turbulent atmosphere is investigated based on the extended Collins formula and Rytov theory. In particular, the analytical expression for the on-axis average intensity of a CiChGB focused by a thin lens in a turbulent atmosphere is derived in detail. From the obtained formula, the on-axis intensity distribution of the output beam is discussed numerically with a comparison to direct propagation in free space. The influences of the turbulence strength and initial beam parameters on the on-axis intensity are examined. It is found that the on-axis intensity near the focus region is less affected by atmospheric turbulence compared to the free space.
Predicting Suspicious Money Laundering Transactions using Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Lokanan Mark , Maddhesia Vikas 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This study employs machine learning techniques to identify key drivers of suspicious activity reporting. The data for this study comes from all suspicious activities reported to the California government in 2018. In total, there were 45,000 records of data that represent various features. The paper uses linear regression along with Lasso, Ridge, and Elastic Net to perform feature regularization and address overfitting with the data. Other probabilistic and non-linear algorithms, namely, support vector machines, random forests, XGBoost, and CatBoost, were used to deal with the complexity of the data. The results from the mean squared and root mean squared errors indicate that the ensemble tree-based algorithm performed better than the statistical and probabilistic models. The findings revealed that filings from regulators, the type of products, and customers' relationships with the institutions were the top contributors to SAR filings. Through the evaluation of a vast amount of data, this study provides valuable insights for identifying suspicious activities in financial transactions and has the potential to significantly improve suspicious transaction monitoring.
Materials fatigue prediction using graph neural networks on microstructure representations
Authors: Thomas Akhil , Durmaz Ali , Alam Mehwish , Gumbsch Peter , Sack Harald , Eberl Chris 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The local prediction of fatigue damage within polycrystals in a high-cycle fatigue setting is a long-lasting and challenging task. It requires identifying grains tending to accumulate plastic deformation under cyclic loading. We address this task by transcribing ferritic steel microtexture and damage maps from experiments into a microstructure graph. Here, grains constitute graph nodes connected by edges whenever grains share a common boundary. Fatigue loading causes some grains to develop slip markings, which can evolve into microcracks and lead to failure. This data set enables applying graph neural network variants on the task of binary grain-wise damage classification. The objective is to identify suitable data representations and models with an appropriate inductive bias to learn the underlying damage formation causes. Here, graph convolutional networks yielded the best performance with a balanced accuracy of 0.71 and a F\textsubscript{1}-score of 0.34, outperforming phenomenological crystal plasticity (+68\%) and conventional machine learning (+17\%) models by large margins.
Atoms in Gaseous and Solid States and their Energy and Force Relationships under Transitional Behaviors
Authors: Ali Mubarak 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
By recalling the earlier investigations of atomic and electronic structures, it is now possible to discover new insights tackling the present and future challenges. Atoms in differently named elements should recognize depending on the number of electrons. The lattices in different element atoms should form from the simultaneous intercrossing of the overt photons. The lengths and numbers of the intercrossed overt photons depend on the number of filled and unfilled states an element contains for its atoms. In gaseous atoms’ lattices, a scheme of intercrossing overt photons is different than the one in the formation of solid atoms’ lattices. New insights into the atomic and electronic structures no longer study protons and neutrons. A helium atom forms a zeroth ring in atoms of all higher-order elements. Other than hydrogen, atoms of different elements possess the same valency as specified. Starting from the zeroth rings, atoms of different elements configure electronic structures by shaping arbitrary rings. Electrons of a gaseous atom deal with the minimum required potential energy, whereas the maximum is in a solid atom. Gaseous element atoms experience the maximum required levitational force at the electron levels along the north pole. However, electrons experience the maximum required gravitational force along the south pole in a solid atom. In the transition state, electrons undertake infinitesimal displacements by remaining within the occupied energy knots. In undertaking transitional behavior, electrons of the gaseous atom locate orientation from a different pole than electrons of the solid atom. The investigations discussed here explore the atomic and electronic structures differently from the earlier ones. This study enables to development of sustainable science along with sustainable utilization of resources. This study can show great potential in medical sciences as well.
Intraoperative transfusion is a risk factor for cerebral injury after cardiac surgery in children: a prospective observational study
Authors: Ivkin Artem A. , Grigoryev E. V. , D. G. Balakhnin D. G. Balakhnin , Chermnykh I. I. 
Published: January 2023

INTRODUCTION: Donor blood components are able to initiate a systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and potentiate neuroinflammation with subsequent cerebral damage. OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of transfusion on the development of cerebral damage during the surgical correction of congenital heart defects in children. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 78 patients aged from 1 to 78 months, weighing from 3.3 to 21.5 kg, were studied. All patients underwent correction of a septal defect under cardiopulmonary bypass. All patients were divided to group 1 — without the use of transfusion and group 2 — with the use of red blood cell transfusion. Cerebral damage markers (S-100-β protein, neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and glial fibrillar acidic protein (GFAP)) and SIRS (interleukins 1 (ILb-1), 6 (IL-6), 10 (IL-10) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) were studied. Markers ware studied at three control points: 1 — before the start of surgery, 2 — immediately after end of cardiopulmonary bypass, 3 — 16 hours after the end of the operation. RESULTS: The peak concentration of most markers in the blood in both groups of patients was noted at the 2nd control point. The concentration of all markers of cerebral damage was significantly higher in the transfusion group at the 2nd control point: S-100-β protein (ng/ml) — 509.90 [379.30–871.70] and 717.10 [517.90–1195.33] (р = 0.024); NSE (ng/ml) — 17.55 [11.19–26.41] and 34.05 [17.06–44.90] (р = 0,023); GFAP (ng/ml) — 0.1190 [0.1135–0.1245] and 0.1231 [0.1138–0.1493]. Correlations were found between markers of cerebral damage and SIRS, the strongest of which was the relationship between NSE and TNF-α at the 3rd control point — Rho = 0.43 (p = 0.0001). A correlation of S-100-β protein with transfusion volume was observed at the 2nd (Rho = 0.48, p = 0.00065) and 3rd control points (Rho = 0.36, p = 0.01330). CONCLUSIONS: The influence of the fact of transfusion and the dose of red blood cell on the development of cerebral damage during cardiac surgery in children has been proven.
Protein-energy metabolism and nutritional support in patients on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: a systematic review
Authors: Kanshaov N. Z. , Leyderman Ilya N. , Marichev A. O. 
Published: January 2023

INTRODUCTION: Patients on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) are among the most severe in the intensive care unit (ICU), they require complex treatment, accompanied by a long stay in the hospital and rehabilitation. Nutritional support (NS) plays an important role in the intensive care program. Despite an increase in the use of ECMO in the ICU over the past decade, informative clinical data regarding the optimal methods of maintaining nutritional status and controlling metabolism are rare. The lack of evidence base and guidelines for NS for adult patients on ECMO results in heterogeneity in clinical practice regarding optimal macro and micronutrient requirements, time of NS initiation, type and amount of nutritional support solutions. OBJECTIVE: Provide a review and critical assessment of the latest data regarding NS in critically ill adult patients on ECMO. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic search and selection of publications was performed using the PubMed database. Studies published from 2012 to 2021 were analyzed to explore the approaches to NS in ECMO patients. Relevant studies were limited to randomized controlled trials, observational studies and clinical trials. RESULTS: A total of 14 observational studies were selected. Early enteral nutrition has been considered safe and feasible for ECMO patients, but achieving energy and protein targets is challenging. Data on the impact of NS on clinical outcomes and complications have been conflicting. Efforts should be made to achieve an adequate patient supply on ECMO of more than 80 % of the calculated energy and protein targets. NS in ECMO patients should be carried out in accordance with current guidelines for NS in critically ill patients until further data become available. CONCLUSIONS: A personalized approach is important principle of nutritional and metabolic therapy. Further studies are needed to investigate the association of various NS methods on clinical outcome endpoints in ICU ECMO patients.
What is mineral informatics?
Authors: Prabhu Anirudh , Morrison Shaunna M. , Fox Peter , Ma Xiaogang , Wong Michael L. , Williams Jason R. , McGuinness Kenneth N. , Krivovichev Sergey V. , Lehnert Kerstin , Ralph Jolyon , Lafuente Barbara , Downs Robert T. , Walter Michael J. , Hazen Robert M. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Minerals are information-rich materials that offer researchers a glimpse into the evolution of planetary bodies. Thus, it is important to extract, analyze, and interpret this abundance of information to improve our understanding of the planetary bodies in our solar system and the role our planet’s geosphere played in the origin and evolution of life. Over the past several decades, data-driven efforts in mineralogy have seen a gradual increase. The development and application of data science and analytics methods to mineralogy, while extremely promising, has also been somewhat ad hoc in nature. To systematize and synthesize the direction of these efforts, we introduce the concept of “Mineral Informatics,” which is the next frontier for researchers working with mineral data. In this paper, we present our vision for Mineral Informatics and the X-Informatics underpinnings that led to its conception, as well as the needs, challenges, opportunities, and future directions of the field. The intention of this paper is not to create a new specific field or a sub-field as a separate silo, but to document the needs of researchers studying minerals in various contexts and fields of study, to demonstrate how the systemization and enhanced access to mineralogical data will increase cross- and interdisciplinary studies, and how data science and informatics methods are a key next step in integrative mineralogical studies.
Green, blue and economic water productivity: a water footprint perspective from the Upper Awash Basin, Central Ethiopia
Authors: Hirpa Birtukan Abebe , Adane Girma Berhe , Asrat Asfawossen , Nedaw Dessie 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The rise in global freshwater consumption, inefficient water use and population growth are the main drivers of water scarcity and food insecurity. This study analyzed the green, blue and economic water productivity (GWP, BWP and EWP, respectively) of the rainfed (teff, maize and sorghum) and irrigated (sugarcane) crops along with green water scarcity (GWS) in the Upper Awash Basin using water footprints (WFs) approaches. Teff has the lowest average GWP (∼0.3 kg/m3) and the highest average WF (4205 m3/ton) between 2000 and 2010 with an average EWP of ∼0.3 USD/m3 which is higher than those of other rainfed cereal crops (maize and sorghum). The highest GWS of maize was recorded in Metehara (269 mm/growing period) and the lowest in Debrezeit (70 mm/growing period) with an intermediate value of 90 and 117 mm in Wonji and Melkassa, respectively. All the rainfed crops have lower EWP (less than 0.3 USD/m3) compared with the irrigated sugarcane in the basin. This study demonstrates that increasing the value per unit of green/blue water through increasing yield per unit of supply and switching from high to low WFs crops has significant implications for addressing the water scarcity problem by setting a WP benchmark in the basin.
Energy efficiency and water use indices for sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) production under subtropical climatic conditions of Bangladesh
Authors: Alam Md. Jahangir , Mahmud Abdullah Al , Gaber Ahmed , Hossain Akbar 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
To estimate energy use efficiency for sweet potato production in Bangladesh under subtropical climatic conditions, a study was conducted with 60 individuals (12 producers for each sweet potato variety) by using a structural questionnaire. The results revealed that the majority of the energy input was consumed by the pre-harvest activities (22,313.55 MJ ha−1 or 90.85%), of which fertilizer application (36.84%) and irrigation (35.24%) consumed the most energy input, with only 9.15% (2,248.42 MJ ha−1) consumed by the post-harvest activity for sweet potato production. The energy input involved in the production system was similar to the direct (12,149.76 MJ ha−1 or 49.47%) and indirect (12,412.21 MJ ha−1 or 50.53%) sources, while it was much higher in non-renewable sources (22,884.21 MJ ha−1 or 93.17%) with a minimum (1,677.76 MJ ha−1 or 6.83%) from renewable sources. The average energy use efficiency, energy productivity, specific energy, net energy, energy profitability and water-energy productivity of orange-fleshed sweet potato (OFSP) varieties 4.36, 1.22 kg MJ−1, 0.83 MJ kg−1, 82,511.73 MJ ha−1, 3.36 and 1.32 g m−3 MJ−1, respectively. The OFSP varieties showed better performance in respect of all the energy and water use indicators.
Assessing biosolids quality at the Mu'ta-Mazar wastewater treatment plant for the years 2016–2019
Authors: AL-Hmoud Nisreen , Alrwashdeh Mumen , Hayek Bassam 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Disposal of sludge produced by sewage treatment plants is an increasing problem worldwide. Recycling of treated wastewater sludge as biosolids is a beneficial and environmentally sustainable management option. Deutsche Gesellschaft fuer Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH through its German-Jordanian Programme 'Management of Water Resources, and in collaboration with Royal Scientific Society of Jordan has launched a project to pilot decentralized management of sludge. Through this project, the quality of sludge generated from Mu'ta-Mazar Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP), which has been selected as the pilot area for Decentralized Integrated Sludge Management (DISM) project, has been assessed over four consecutive years (2016–2019). A complete assessment of the sludge qualities in terms of physical, chemical, pharmaceutical and microbial parameters was conducted. The results of this study will help in evaluating the feasibility of co-digestion of sludge by processing sludge with the other sources of organic waste. The aim of this study is to contribute towards environmental protection and the use of renewable energies and to increase energy efficiency through production of bioenergy and recovery of nutrient content of wastewater sludge and food waste. The study also demonstrates financially viable and technically feasible solutions for the current sludge management issues in WWTPs in Jordan.
Limnological variables as a determinant of fish parasites abundance in the Esa-Odo reservoir, Esa-Odo Southwestern Nigeria
Authors: Obayemi Oluwadamilare Emmanuel , Komolafe Olaniyi Olusola , Onana Edith Ediseimokumoh 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This study investigated fish parasites in relation to limnological variables of the Esa-Odo reservoir since the quality of the aquatic environment might influence parasitic infestation in fish. The purpose of this study was to provide information on the parasite species of the reservoir due to their public health concern and their relationship with selected water quality parameters. The water quality and parasite examinations were analyzed based on standard protocols in the laboratory. The results showed that water quality parameters were not significantly different (p &gt; 0.05) across the zones. Seasonally, mean water temperature, pH, TDS, DO, organic matter, COD and turbidity were significantly different (p &lt; 0.05) across the different zones of the reservoir while electrical conductivity, alkalinity, NO3-, and PO43- were not significantly different (p &gt; 0.05). Clinostomum tilapiae, Clinostomum sp., Euclinostomum heterostomum, Procamallanus laevionchus, and Lytocestus sp. were recovered in all the fish sampled. The overall prevalence of the fish parasites was 9.8% with an intensity of 2.13. The result indicated fish parasites had a strong positive correlation with certain water quality properties and parasite abundance which suggested that water quality could determine parasitic loads in fishes of the Esa-Odo reservoir.
Surface water quality assessment by Random Forest
Authors: Jena Pramod Kumar , Rahaman Sayed Modinur , Das Mohapatra Pradeep Kumar , Barik Durga Prasad , Patra Dikshya Surabhi 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The energetic nature of these important water resources makes them the most vulnerable to contamination from additional waste from multiple sources. Water quality monitoring is critical to water environmental management, and successful monitoring provides direction and confirms the effectiveness of water management. Models based on artificial intelligence are fundamental for anticipating appropriate moderation measures for surface water quality. In any case, it remains a challenge and requires a requirement to improve display accuracy. Faster and cheaper control is required due to the real-world impact of low water quality. With this inspiration, this research examines an array of machine-learning calculations to estimate water quality. The proposed approach uses Random Forest for modeling and is also useful for predicting surface water quality in the Kulik geographic region of West Bengal, India. It is a good tool for assessing the quality and ensuring the safe use of drinking water. Various water quality parameters (iron, fluoride, total coliform, fecal coliform, pH, total dissolved solids, magnesium, alkalinity, chloride, total hardness, nitrate, calcium, and Escherichia coli) were measured seasonally (winter, summer, rain) over 10 years (2010–2019). The estimated water quality parameters in this study were total dissolved solids (TDS), pH, and iron.