bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of IL-6 in pathogensis of covid -19
Authors: Noorulhuda F. Khalaf  , W. Mohammed Sinai , Ahmed Y. Hanoon  
Published: June 2023

Dissimilar to all other pandemics in the past five decades, the humanity has been ravaged by the coronavirus disease COVID-19. Starting from its outbreak, the disease's understanding has advanced quickly; multi-organ involvement is the key factor affecting the prognosis of the disease. Mortality and morbidity are closely related to acute respiratory distress syndrome, renal failure, cardiac failure, liver damage, multi-organ failure, and shock. In the initial phases of viral infection, detecting and controlling pro-inflammatory responses are essential. Throughout patient monitoring, it's crucial to consider the COVID-19 treatment's unknowable response. It has been discovered that IL-6 is causally linked to greater mortality. It is a reliable indicator regarding the progression of clinical profile as well as the prognosis of the disease. A highly important cytokine, after the activated macrophages, is it. As a result, a measure for COVID-19 could be the control regarding systemic IL-6 levels in the individuals that have been infected by SARS-CoV-2. This study has demonstrated the significance of IL-6 in COVID-19's immunopathology
An Effect entomopathogenic fungi in control Culex pipiens
Authors: Waheeb Mohammed Qasim 
Published: June 2023

Culex pipiens mosquitos are thought to be vectors for many arboviruses, including West Nile virus and encephalitis virus, which have a global impact on human health. The natural management of this pest's aquatic stages is critical for sustaining an insecticide-free environment. The current study focused on the biological and biochemical effects of the entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana and Trichoderma harizanium on Culex pipiens laboratory colony 3rd instar larvae. The results showed that B. bassiana had the highest larval mortality (22%) with the concentration 1x106 spore/ml and the period exposure recorded (36.6% )shortest lethal time (120 hrs), followed by T. harizanium (17.3%) with concentration 1x107 spore/ml and the period exposure recorded (29.1%) shortest lethal time (120 hrs), and had the lowest percent mortality (16%) with the concentration 1x103 spore/ml and period exposure with (6%) longest (24 hrs) for B. bassiana and had the lowest percent mortality (4%) with the concentration 1x103 spore/ml for T. harizanium and period exposure with 24 hrs (12.5%).
Вибір і обґрунтування способів термічної утилізації радіоактивно забрудненої деревини
Authors: Klius V. 
Published: June 2023

Значні об’єми горілої та сухостійної деревини, які утворилися останніми роками внаслідок масштабних лісових пожеж на території Чорнобильської зони відчуження несуть потенційну загрозу вторинного забруднення чистих територій. Для усунення цієї загрози необхідно вирішити проблему утилізації великих об’ємів радіоактивно забрудненої деревини.
У статті виконано аналіз способів термічної утилізації радіоактивно забрудненої деревини. Метою утилізації є максимальна концентрація радіонуклідів у золі для її захоронення та зменшення міграції радіонуклідів в атмосферу з димовими газами.
Розглянуто основні методи термічної утилізації деревини: спалювання, піроліз та газифікація. У разі традиційного фільтраційного спалювання радіонукліди відкладаються на частках леткої золи розміром 0,3‑0,5 мкм і виносяться в атмосферу з димовими газами, що потребує високоефективного очисного обладнання. Натомість у разі сухого піролізу деревини винос активності 137Cs з піролізним газом становить не більше 10 %. Близький результат отримано і у разі газифікації деревини. Оскільки об’єми піролізного і генераторного газів менші за об’єм димових газів від спалювання, то навантаження на систему газоочищення буде значно меншим.
Зроблено висновок, що для промислової утилізації великих об’ємів забрудненої деревини варто використовувати сучасні технології газифікації. Генераторний газ придатний для виробництва електроенергії в газових турбінах або газопоршневих агрегатах. Електроенергія може подаватися в існуючу енергосистему Чорнобильської зони відчуження.
Запропоновано переробляти низькоактивну деревину способом окиснювального піролізу для виробництва біочару. Питома активність біочару повинна відповідати гігієнічному нормативу ГН 6.61‑120‑2005. Враховуючи міжнародний досвід використання біочару, передбачається проведення комплексних досліджень щодо ефективності сорбції радіонуклідів біочаром.
The Application of Nanotechnology and Nanomaterials in Depression: An Updated Review
Authors: Yadav Khushbu , Rani Anjna , Tyagi Pankaj , Babu Malakapogu Ravindra 
Published: June 2023

<img src=” https://s3.amazonaws.com/production.scholastica/article/82215/large/prnano_932023ga.jpg?1687987211”> Depression is the most common stress-related mental illness. It has an impact on millions of individuals globally. Genetic, biochemical, environmental, and psychological elements can all play a role in its development. Medications, psychotherapy, and lifestyle changes are frequently used to treat depression. Antidepressant medications work by altering the levels of certain chem-icals in the brain. At the same time, psychotherapy aims to help individuals better understand and manage their emotions and thoughts, which otherwise may lead to depression. The current treatment strategy for the illness has several drawbacks, such as adverse effects, ineffectiveness, long-term use, stigma, and cost-related issues of the medication used. These negative effects un-derscore the need for more successful and novel methods of treating depression, such as the investigation of medication delivery techniques based on nanotechnology. Increased medication effectiveness, fewer side effects, long-lasting medication effects, a good understanding of the neural underpinnings of depression, and the potential for the creation of personalized medicines are some of the potential benefits of using nanotechnology in depressive disorder treatment. In several scientific domains, nanotechnology has many benefits. Nanoparticles are the fundamen-tal building blocks of nanotechnology in this regard. Nanoparticles hold great promise for use in medical applications, as recently developed nanotechnology has shown. This review focuses on the most popular nanomaterials that are used to treat depression, in addition to how well these nanomaterials are at managing depression based on their physical, chemical, and biological properties. We have also talked about the difficulties that the various nanomaterials face, which limit their uses and prevent the development of effective clinical therapies.
DISEÑO INTERDISCIPLINAR DE SITUACIONES DIDÁCTICAS PARA NIÑOS
Authors: Sánchez Borrero Guillermo 
Published: June 2023

El presente artículo muestra cómo se diseñan situaciones didácticas mediante el método de Enseñanza Basado en Proyectos Integradores y Retos. Permite reconfigurar diferentes temas matemáticos, los cuales se vuelven desafíos a resolver por los estudiantes de las carreras de Diseño Gráfico y Ciencias de la Educación de la Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador (PUCE), quienes son parte del proceso. La propuesta del material didáctico se enmarca en un contexto social limitado al acceso a recursos didácticos en grupos de niños que necesitan un modelo de educación proyectiva con un aprendizaje autónomo y lleno de experiencias. Este proyecto integrador evidencia los años de investigación y desarrollo de las herramientas colaborativas de Diseño en objetos tangibles, que cumplen con las expectativas y necesidades didácticas. Se expone el proceso de creación del proyecto integrador en equipos interdisciplinares, cuyo objetivo es diseñar material didáctico de contenidos matemáticos, que estimulen el aprendizaje activo y participativo en el usuario. Se implementa la codocencia interdisciplinar como estrategia pedagógica para construir nuevos paradigmas de la enseñanza universitaria, siendo el método proyectual el articulador del proceso de diseño en las etapas de investigación conjunta transdisciplinar, definición de requerimientos y concepto de diseño, el desarrollo y validación de la propuesta didáctica.Palabras clave: Diseño gráfico, experiencias didácticas, codocencia, concepto gráfico, método proyectual.
AbstractThis article shows how didactic situations are designed through the method of teaching based on integrative projects and challenges. It allows for the reconfiguration of different mathematical topics, which become challenges to be solved by students in the Graphic Design and Education Science careers at the Pontifical Catholic University of Ecuador (PUCE), who are part of the process. In a social context that weakens access to didactic resources for groups of children who need a projective education model with autonomous and experiential learning, this integrative project demonstrates years of research and development of collaborative design tools that meet didactic expectations and needs. The process of creating the integrative project is presented by interdisciplinary teams whose objective is to design didactic material for mathematical content that stimulates active and participatory learning in the user. Interdisciplinary co-teaching is implemented as a pedagogical strategy to build new paradigms of university teaching, with the project method as the articulator of the design process in the stages of joint transdisciplinaryresearch, the definition of requirements and design concepts, and the development and validation of the didactic proposal.Keywords: Graphic design, didactic experiences, co-teaching, graphic concept, project method.
The covid-19 pandemic effect to livelihood strategy adaptation of rubber smallholding household: a case study in Songkhla province, the southern Thailand
Authors: Somboonsuke Buncha , Somboonsuke Buncha , Boonkongma Milinpat , Preuksa Narumon , Chiarawipa Rawee , Kongmanee Chaiya , Potikul Pimpakan 
Published: June 2023

The objective of this study was to study how COVID-19 affected the livelihood of rubber smallholding households in Songkhla Province. Total 280 households were randomly selected and interviewed using questionnaire. The results revealed that, finding both positive and negative impact of economy, 74.3% of respondents showed that farmers had adequacy of financial assets, fewer consuming products purchased from the community market and switched to buying more products from supermarkets at 69.7%, decreasing incomes at 93.6%, more saving with considering home expenditure at 92.7%, and 74.3% of farmers had more plantation management. 95.4% of farmers reported changes in social capital as a result of the impact on their livelihood, and 56.0% of farmers were required to take part in the government's initiative to enhance their standard of living. The effects of livelihood adaptation strategies on rubber-producing techniques include an improvement in production efficiency, a decrease in production costs, an expansion of production, an increase in the diversify of production systems, the use of hired labor, employment outside the farm sector, and household financial management. When examining the contributing factors, the livelihood adaption strategies of rubber smallholding households can be explained at 63.7% (R2 adjust=0.637) by social effect, economic effect, production technology, and environment effect. It was discovered that social effect was best explained (0.490Zx1). The study recommended farm adaptation strategies, including increasing the use of household labor rather than hired labor, using online market channels with different media, increasing farmers' digital markets to adapt agricultural products and livelihoods, and providing a financial plan, diversifying the production system, and increasing sources of income.
Dairy manure nutrient recovery reduces greenhouse gas emissions and transportation cost in a modeling study
Authors: Feng Xiaoyu , Smith Ward , VanderZaag Andrew C. 
Published: June 2023

Technologies that separate manure or digestate into fractions with different solids and nutrient contents present interesting options to mitigate manure storage emissions (by reducing the quantity of carbon stored anaerobically) and to improve nutrient distribution (by reducing the quantity of water transported with nutrients). In this study, the dairy farm model, DairyCrop-Syst, was used to simulate storage emissions of methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), and ammonia (NH3), and to simulate nutrient distribution for a case-study farm in Canada. The farm used several types of manure processing, including: anaerobic digestion (AD), solid-liquid separation (SLS), and nutrient recovery (NR). Simulations were done with combinations of the above technologies, i.e., a baseline with only AD that produced a single (unseparated) effluent, compared to AD+SLS, and AD+SLS+NR that produced two separate fractions. With AD+SLS+NR, the processing system isolated a solid fraction with a high concentration of N and P, and a liquid fraction containing less nutrients. Compared to the baseline system, the addition of solid liquid separation and nutrient recovery (i.e. SLS+NR) reduced CH4 emissions from outdoor liquid digestate storage by 87%, with only a small offset from higher N2O and NH3 emissions from storing the solid fraction. The solid fraction was simulated to be transported to fields at least 30 km away from the dairy barns, while the liquid fraction was transported by dragline to fields adjacent to the barn. The advanced nutrient separation system resulted in much lower transport costs for manure nutrients and the ability to transport N and P to greater distances.
Influence of body mass index and waist–hip ratio on male semen parameters in infertile men in the real world: a retrospective study
Authors: Wang Shuxian , Wu Baorui , Wang Changming , Ke Zongpan , Xiang Ping , Hu Xuechun , Xiao Jun 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundIt is suggested that body mass index (BMI) can affect male semen quality; however, the results remain controversial. In addition, most studies have focused on the effect of obesity on semen quality. Evidence on the relationship of underweight or waist-hip ratio (WHR) with semen quality is rare. This study aimed to assess the association of BMI and WHR with semen quality.MethodsData, including BMI and WHR, was collected from 715.00 men who underwent a fertility evaluation. BMI (kg/m2) was categorized as &lt;18.50 (underweight), 18.50–24.90 (normal), 25.00–27.90 (overweight), and ≥28.00 (obese) kg/m2 for analysis. WHR was categorized as &lt;0.81 (normal) and ≥0.81 (high). Semen volume, sperm concentration, progressive motility, and total motile sperm count were detected by experienced clinical technicians.ResultsSpearman’s correlation showed that BMI was weakly associated with sperm progressive motility (r = 0.076, P &lt; 0.05), while WHR showed no relationship with semen parameters. The azoospermia rate was significantly higher (33.33% vs. 2.10%, P &lt; 0.001) and the sperm concentration was lower (P &lt; 0.05) in the underweight group. The nonlinear correlation analysis showed that BMI was negatively associated with sperm concentration while BMI was more than 22.40 kg/m2 (P &lt; 0.05), while WHR was negatively related to sperm progressive motility within 0.82 to 0.89 (P &lt; 0.05). Furthermore, the multivariate logistic analysis showed that follicular stimulating hormone (FSH) was an independent risk factor for normal sperm concentration (odds ratio [OR]: 0.791, P = 0.001) and morphology (OR: 0.821, P = 0.002), BMI was an independent risk factor for normal sperm progressive motility, and testosterone was an independent risk factor for sperm morphology (OR: 0.908, P = 0.023).ConclusionBMI and WHR were significantly associated with semen parameters, while BMI was an independent risk factor for normal sperm progressive motility. Reproductive hormones, including FSH and testosterone, had a significant influence on sperm concentration and sperm morphology.
Optimizing strategies to identify high risk of developing type 2 diabetes
Authors: Bracco Paula Andreghetto , Schmidt Maria Inês , Vigo Alvaro , Mill José Geraldo , Vidigal Pedro Guatimosim , Barreto Sandhi Maria , Sander Mária de Fátima , da Fonseca Maria de Jesus Mendes , Duncan Bruce Bartholow 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionThe success of diabetes prevention based on early treatment depends on high-quality screening. This study compared the diagnostic properties of currently recommended screening strategies against alternative score-based rules to identify those at high risk of developing diabetes.MethodsThe study used data from ELSA-Brasil, a contemporary cohort followed up for a mean (standard deviation) of 7.4 (0.54) years, to develop risk functions with logistic regression to predict incident diabetes based on socioeconomic, lifestyle, clinical, and laboratory variables. We compared the predictive capacity of these functions against traditional pre-diabetes cutoffs of fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2-h plasma glucose (2hPG), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) alone or combined with recommended screening questionnaires.ResultsPresenting FPG &gt; 100 mg/dl predicted 76.6% of future cases of diabetes in the cohort at the cost of labeling 40.6% of the sample as high risk. If FPG testing was performed only in those with a positive American Diabetes Association (ADA) questionnaire, labeling was reduced to 12.2%, but only 33% of future cases were identified. Scores using continuously expressed clinical and laboratory variables produced a better balance between detecting more cases and labeling fewer false positives. They consistently outperformed strategies based on categorical cutoffs. For example, a score composed of both clinical and laboratory data, calibrated to detect a risk of future diabetes ≥20%, predicted 54% of future diabetes cases, labeled only 15.3% as high risk, and, compared to the FPG ≥ 100 mg/dl strategy, nearly doubled the probability of future diabetes among screen positives.DiscussionCurrently recommended screening strategies are inferior to alternatives based on continuous clinical and laboratory variables.
Leptin and melatonin’s effects on OVX rodents’ bone metabolism
Authors: Lin Zhenen , Yu Guanshu , Xiong Shengren , Lin Yu , Li Zhaohui 
Published: June 2023

PurposeThis study aims to examine the effects of leptin and melatonin intervention on bone metabolism in ovariectomize (OVX) rodents, as well as their potential mechanisms of action.MethodsPrepare an OVX model of osteoporosis in rodents and validate the model by collecting bilateral tibia samples for Micro-CT scanning and histological analysis. A control group of normal size, the OVX group, the OVX+Sema4D (Semaphorin 4D) group, the OVX+Sema4D+Leptin group, the OVX+Sema4D+ Melatonin(MT) group and the OVX+Sema4D+Leptin+ MT group were the experimental groups. Adenovirus vector construction and tibial medullary injection validation were conducted in accordance with the aforementioned experimental groups. Four groups of rats were injected with the Sema4D overexpression adenovirus vector into the tibial medullary cavity, and two groups were injected with the Leptin overexpression adenovirus vector. The repair of osteoporosis was observed using micro-CT and histological analysis. Immunohistochemical detection of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) expression in bone tissue was employed to ascertain the amount of osteoclasts in the upper tibial metaphysis, utilizing TRAP(tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase) staining.ResultsIncreased levels of BV/TV, Tb.N, BMD, and BMC were seen in the OVX+ Sema4D+Leptin, OVX+ Sema4D+MT, and OVX+ Sema4D+Leptin+ MT groups compared to the OVX group, whereas Tb. Sp levels were lowered. When compared to the Sema4D overexpression group, the trabecular bone structure of the OVX + Sema4D + Leptin, OVX + Sema4D + MT, and OVX + Sema4D + Leptin + MT groups is largely intact, tends to be closer, and the amount of trabecular bone increases. The OVX + Sema4D + Leptin + MT group in particular.The expression of BMP-2 was dramatically upregulated (p&lt;0.05), the number of TRAP-stained osteoclasts was significantly reduced (p&lt;0.05), and BALP(bone-derived alkaline phosphatase) and TRAP-5b(tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-5b) activities were significantly downregulated (p&lt;0.05).ConclusionIn rats with osteoporosis, leptin and melatonin can be seen to augment the trabecular microstructure of the bone, augment bone growth, diminish trabecular harm, and mend the bone. The combined effect is more powerful.
Irisin, in women and men: blood pressure, heart rate, obesity and insulin resistance
Authors: Almeida González Delia , Rodríguez-Pérez María del Cristo , Fuentes Ferrer Manuel , Cuevas Fernández Francisco Javier , Marcelino Rodríguez Itahisa , Cabrera de León Antonio 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundIrisin is a myokine that increases with leisure time physical activity (LTPA) and for which a cardiovascular protective role has been postulated. Our aim was to assess this role in the general population.MethodsA cross-sectional analysis was performed in a large randomly selected population sample (n=2298 women and 1529 men). Apart from age and sex, we record anthropometrics (blood pressure, heart rate, obesity), lifestyle (LTPA, smoking, alcohol), and biochemical measurements (irisin, lipid profile, insulin resistance). Correlations and regression multivariate models were used to analyze the association of irisin levels with the studied factors.ResultsThe variables more strongly and directly associated with irisin, adjusting the studied factors separately in women and men, were HOMA-2 (p=0.043 and p=0.001, respectively) and LTPA (p&lt;0.001 and p=0.001, respectively). Also heart rate inversely (p=0.005 and p=0.002, respectively) and DBP directly (p&lt;0.005 and p=0.045, respectively) were associated to irisin in both sexes. The waist/height ratio (p&lt;0.001) was inversely associated to irisin only in women, and the alcohol drinking was directly associated (p=0.029) only in men.ConclusionWe provide new findings for irisin, such as its association with DBP and with heart rate; furthermore, in women irisin is associated to abdominal obesity, and in men is associated to the alcohol intake. We also corroborate the association of irisin with LTPA and insulin resistance. The associations detected point towards a protective role of irisin in the maintenance of cardiometabolic health.