bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Periodic Radio Emission from the T8 Dwarf WISE J062309.94–045624.6
Authors: Rose Kovi , Pritchard Joshua , Murphy Tara , Caleb Manisha , Dobie Dougal , Driessen Laura , Duchesne Stefan W. , Kaplan David L. , Lenc Emil , Wang Ziteng 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
We present the detection of rotationally modulated, circularly polarized radio emission from the T8 brown dwarf WISE J062309.94−045624.6 between 0.9 and 2.0 GHz. We detected this high-proper-motion ultracool dwarf with the Australian SKA Pathfinder in 1.36 GHz imaging data from the Rapid ASKAP Continuum Survey. We observed WISE J062309.94−045624.6 to have a time and frequency averaged Stokes I flux density of 4.17 ± 0.41 mJy beam−1, with an absolute circular polarization fraction of 66.3% ± 9.0%, and calculated a specific radio luminosity of L

ν
∼ 1014.8 erg s−1 Hz−1. In follow-up observations with the Australian Telescope Compact Array and MeerKAT we identified a multipeaked pulse structure, used dynamic spectra to place a lower limit of B > 0.71 kG on the dwarf’s magnetic field, and measured a P = 1.912 ± 0.005 hr periodicity, which we concluded to be due to rotational modulation. The luminosity and period we measured are comparable to those of other ultracool dwarfs observed at radio wavelengths. This implies that future megahertz to gigahertz surveys, with increased cadence and improved sensitivity, are likely to detect similar or later-type dwarfs. Our detection of WISE J062309.94−045624.6 makes this dwarf the coolest and latest-type star observed to produce radio emission.
Formas de paraboloides hiperbólicos en la arquitectura en Chile a mediados del siglo XX: materialización de la geometría en la escala del espacio
Authors: Susa Mahuzier Branko 
Published: July 2023

El presente artículo es parte de nuestra investigación acerca del tema laminar de mediados del siglo XX en Chile, y se centra en obras y proyectos con paraboloides hiperbólicos poco estudiados pero que nuestra hipótesis valora al crear alternativas a los adintelados que predominan en el país. Son casos inusuales y heterogéneos, no siempre coherentes con hypars de concreto de pioneros en los 30s como B. Laffaille, G. Baroni y en los 50s Félix Candela. De hecho, no todos se construyeron en hormigón y no hay estudios sistemáticos como conjunto chileno. Nuestro análisis cualitativo tiene por objetivo formular un conjunto inédito con modelos gráficos para entender por qué su variedad formal y de materiales alcanzó un nivel destacable en eficiencia estructural y en significados del espacio fluido. Como resultado del estudio se revela un grupo pequeño de casos, algunos vinculados a universidades que experimentaron en estas estructuras, y descubrimos particularidades técnicas en base a modelos tridimensionales y nexos de sus protagonistas.
Assessment of clinical and epidemiological data of inflammatory bowel disease in Egyptian children attending Mansoura University Children Hospital
Authors: Elkasaby Khalid , El Regal Mohammed Ezz , Barakat Tarik , AbouBakr Othman 
Published: July 2023

Context
Existing literature is poor with epidemiological studies handling Egyptian paediatric patients diagnosed with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Herein, we describe the epidemiological and clinical features of paediatric IBD cases (PIBD) attending Mansoura University Children Hospital (MUCH).

Aim
To evaluate epidemiological and clinical data of (PIBD) in Egyptian children.

Settings and design
This retrospective study included the data of Thirty-nine paediatric patients (age<18 years) admitted to the gastroenterology ward of MUCH and divided into two groups; ulcerative colitis group (UC 32 cases) and Crohn disease group (CD 7 cases).

Methods and material
Data were retrospectively reviewed, including history, examination, biochemical, endoscopic, and pathological findings.
Statistical analysis used: SPSS software (version 26 for macOS) to tabulate and analyse the collected data

Results
UC group had a mean age of 10.73 years compared to 13.2 years in the CD group (P=0.01). The prevalence of anoperineal disease significantly increased with CD. The age of symptom onset and diagnosis confirmation were insignificant between the same groups. Laboratory parameters were also comparable. Pancolitis and ileocolitis were the most common involvement patterns in the UC and CD groups, respectively. Pathologically, UC was distinguished by crypt abscess, while CD was distinguished by granulomas.

Conclusions
PIBD was related to the male sex, with early diagnosis and a low prevalence of the early-onset disease. Although it is crucial to exclude common infections causing similar manifestations, the paediatrician should consider the possibility of IBD.
Prevalence of acute bronchiolitis during COVID-19 era: an observational study of a tertiary center
Authors: El-Desoky Tarek , Sobh Ali , Osman Engy , Zeid Mayada S. , Osman Amal 
Published: July 2023

Background
Recent application of unrivaled public health measures for COVID-19 pandemic could have significant implications on other infectious diseases.

Objectives
We aim to detect the influence of the recently applied health measures on acute bronchiolitis-associated hospitalizations.

Methods
We analyzed patients’ electronic records at our tertiary hospital to obtain data of hospitalized patients with acute bronchiolitis for the period between November 1, 2017, to February 28, 2021. We compared the frequencies of hospitalizations in the peak respiratory syncytial virus epidemic months (November–February) in 2020 with those in 2017–19.

Results
There were 16,466 all-cause hospitalizations during the period (November-February) from 2017 to 2021. We observed significant lower frequencies of acute bronchiolitis-associated hospitalizations in 2020/2021 compared with 2019/2020, 2018/2019, and 2017/2018 (0.6% vs. 8.2%, 7.4%, and 9.9%, respectively) (P <0.05).

Conclusion
The social isolation measures adopted during the COVID-19 pandemic have significant unexpected effects on the seasonality of acute bronchiolitis in our population, which could be due to inhibition of diseases transmission practiced by adults and older children.
Smoking habits among covid-19 patients
Authors: Saeed Adel M , Daif Marwa S , Kamal Ahmed N 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
This study intended to evaluate the effect of smoking propensity on Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection and the effect of COVID-19 infection on smoking propensity. The COVID-19 outbreak has forced people toward a better approach to life owing to limited developments, confinement in closed areas, and severe hygiene maneuvers for long periods. This period has been considered as a ‘transition’ stage and appears to require a look forward toward an altered life approach.

Aim
The aim of the work was to evaluate the effect of smoking on COVID-19 infection and the effect of COVID-19 infection on smoking propensity.

Patients and methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted through self-reported surveys. The study was conducted on 101 COVID-19-infected patients aged from 17 to 70 years old, who presented to the Department of Chest of Ain Shams University after approval of the Medical Ethical Committee. The study was conducted through self-reported surveys, which included data on risk factors such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, ischemic heart disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, interstitial lung disease, and the severity of COVID-19 infection.

Results
Regarding the associated comorbidities, hypertension was the most frequent disease found in 19.8% of patients followed by diabetes mellitus, which was found in 14.85, then ischemic heart diseases in 9.9%, and then chronic lung disease in 7.92%. Regarding general symptoms of COVID-19, fever was the most common symptom found in 42.57% of patients followed by anosmia in 19.8%, dyspnea in 13.86%, cough in 6.93%, bony aches in 6.93%, loss of taste in 6.94%, and then joint pain, fatigue, chest pain, and vomiting in 0.99% for each. Overall, 17.82% of COVID-19-infected patients required hospital admission, whereas 11.82% required oxygen therapy and 5.94% of patients required ICU admission. Only one COVID-19-infected patient had undergone spirometry after COVID-19. Overall, 47.56% experienced smoking cessation, 45.12% never tried to quit smoking, and 7.32% tried multiple times to quit. Multiple factors have affected smoking habit as follows: marriage has increased smoking in 61.9% of participants, and also work, depression, and happiness have increased smoking in 92.31, 95.12, and 64.63% of participants, respectively.

Conclusion
COVID-19 pandemic has led to unexpected changes in daily activities and alteration in health behaviors. The effects of smoking on human health are serious and profound. Smoking has increased the severity of COVID-19, symptoms, and hospital admission, especially in persons with multiple comorbidities. In the present study, there was a significant relation between admission to hospital and age, period of smoking, and frequency of smoking. Smoking cessation programs should be conducted for individuals, as they help smokers recognize and cope with problems that come up during quitting.
Obstructive sleep apnea in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients
Authors: Morsy Nesreen Elsayed , Sheta Amany Mustafa Fathy , El Desoky Abo Shehata Mohammed , El Metwally Ali Raed , Samaha Hala Mohamed Shalabi 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Objective
The study aims to identify the prevalence and risk factors for OSA in a group of Egyptian patients with type 2 diabetes.

Methods
125 type 2 diabetes mellitus patients visited Mansoura University Hospital (Diabetes Mellitus Outpatient Clinic (OPC) at Specialized Medical Hospital and the Sleep Disordered Breathing Unit of the Chest Department), all of them exposed to history taking, the patients underwent anthropometric measurements (weight, height, body mass index, neck circumference), a test of their tonsillar size, Malampati score, Friedman OSA score, Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS), Berlin questionnaire, STOP BANG questionnaire, full-night polysomnography, fasting, and postprandial blood sugar.

Results
The study included 125 T2DM Egyptian patients with a mean age of 54.63 ± 9.47 years. Males accounted for 35.2 percent of patients, while females accounted for 64.8%. According to the study of co-morbidity, hypertension constituted 77 (61.1%), ischemic heart disease 28 (22.4%), other cardiac diseases 11 (8.8%), bronchial asthma 6 (4.8%), liver diseases 6 (4.8%), hypothyroidism 3 (2.4%), and renal diseases 3 (2.4%). A total of seven patients (5.6%) had no OSA symptoms, 87 had borderline symptoms, and 31 had positive symptoms. There were 51 (40.8%) normal patients, 12 (9.6%) borderline patients, and 62 (49.6%) sleepy patients on the Epworth scale. According to the Stop-Bang questionnaire, 121 (96.8%) patients answered positively. It was determined that 122 patients (97.6%) were at high risk based on the Berlin questionnaire. There were 17 patients (13.6%) with OSA on polysomnography, of which six were moderate (35.3%) and 11 were severe (64.7%). Among moderate and severe OSA patients, glycosylated hemoglobin levels differed significantly. Multivariate logistic regression analysis for independent predictors of OSA, chronic renal disease patients is the most common associated risk factor (OR = 14.3, CI = 1.2–67) then hypertension (OR = 5.6,CI=1.2–25.5) and heart failure (OR = 4.4).

Conclusions
OSA affects 13.6% patients with type 2 diabetes patients who are hypertensive are at higher risk of OSA, chronic renal failure is considered another risk factor
Furthers studies are needed on a big scale of Egyptian diabetic patients to detect the prevalence of OSA
Efficacy of baricitinib in severe coronavirus disease 2019
Authors: Amer Ahmed M A E F , Mousa Doaa B , Ahmed Azza A 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) binds to angiotensin-converting enzyme through a viral spike protein prompting an inflammatory cascade. Baricitinib, an oral drug, is a selective inhibitor of Janus kinase (JAK) 1 and 2 and interferes with the intracellular signaling pathway of many cytokines and in combination with remdesivir may give good results in severe COVID-19 infection.

Aim
The aim was to assess the effect of baricitinib in severe COVID-19 pneumonia.

Patients and methods
A total of 30 patients with SARS-CoV-2-confirmed positive cases by nasopharyngeal swab/reverse transcriptase PCR with severe pneumonia received oral baricitinib 4 mg daily, and patients were followed for at least 14 days, unless previously discharged or dead.

Results
Patients were admitted to the ICU, with a mean duration of 11 days. All patients received high-flow oxygen with nonrebreathing mask. A total of 18 (60%) patients improved and 12 (40%) patients died. Moreover, 15 patients had comorbidities, and mortality was high in this group (10 patients). No serious adverse effects of baricitinib were detected in our study. All patients were hypoxic at admission. The mean oxygen saturation on room air was 70%. There was a statistically significant improvement in oxygenation on discharge after receiving treatment, with mean oxygen saturation of 90% on room air.

Conclusion
Baricitinib with remdesivir improves clinical status and oxygen saturation in patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia with no serious adverse effects.
Could pleural fluid lactate level have an added diagnostic value in para pneumonic effusion?
Authors: Shehta Mohammed , Fathy Amr M , Ibrahim Mohammed A 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
Pleural effusion is the accumulation of fluid in the pleural space, can be classified into transudative and exudative effusion. A parapneumonic effusion is a pleural effusion that forms adjacent to pneumonia. Para pneumonic effusion can be sub-typed into uncomplicated and complicated effusion. The aim of our work was to identify accuracy of pleural fluid lactate level to discriminate transudative from exudative effusion and uncomplicated from complicated parapneumonic effusion.

Methods
Thoracocentesis was done with subsequent evaluation of pleural fluid PH, protein, LDH, glucose and lactate.Also, gram stain, microbiological cultures, cytological examination was performed. Medical thoracoscopy was done whenever indicated.

Results
Our study included 52 males and 38 females with mean age 57.14 ± 11.69 years. Transudative effusions were detected in 22 patients (24.4%). Parapneumonic effusions accounted for 39 cases (43.3%), of these 23 cases were uncomplicated and 16 cases were complicated. The median pleural fluid lactate level in exudative effusion was significantly higher than transudative effusion (P value<0.001), in complicated parapneumonic effusion was significantly higher than uncomplicated parapneumonic effusion (P value<0.001). Pleural fluid lactate cut-off value of 2.68 mmol/l or more yielded 97% sensitivity, 90.9% specificity for detection of exudative effusion (Auc 0.968). A cut of value of 6.22 mmol/l had 87.5% sensitivity, 91.3% specificity for detection of complicated parapneumonic effusion. (Auc 0.971).

Conclusion
The pleural fluid lactate level has a high accuracy to discriminate transudative from exudative pleural effusion and uncomplicated from complicated parapneumonic effusion.
Prevalence of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Urban Adult Population in a Tertiary Care Center, Chennai
Authors: Anton Mary Chandrika , Shanthi B. , Sridevi Chaganti 
Published: July 2023

Background:
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is becoming one of the most common liver diseases among the Indian population. The predisposing factors for NAFLD are diet, lifestyle modifications, and lack of exercise. There is a paucity of research on NAFLD in the South Indian population. Hence, the present study aimed to assess the prevalence of NAFLD among the urban adult population in Chennai.

Material and Methods:
This analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in General Medicine outpatient departments at a tertiary care center in Chennai. The study included 510 non-alcoholic adults (both male and female) aged between 21 and 40 years. Ultrasonography was performed to rule out fatty liver in all participants. All the results obtained were statistically analyzed using SPSS software version 22.0. The frequency was given in percentage.

Results:
The proportion of participants who screened positive for NAFLD was 61.5%. The participants with higher body mass index (BMI) were found to be significantly 23.09 times higher risk of developing NAFLD. An increase in age was also found to be a predictor of NAFLD. This study also supports that males are more prone to develop NAFLD and are at a 1.59% higher risk of developing the disease than females.

Conclusion:
Fatty liver has become one of the common non-communicable diseases in India, the high prevalence of NAFLD in the present study supports it. Therefore, people should have regular screening and diagnosis to rule out fatty liver disease. Proper diet patterns and exercise must be followed to prevent fatty liver.
Assessment of Prevalence of Hypertension and its Risk Factors among Adult Tribal Population Residing in Lohandiguda Block of Bastar District of Chhattisgarh
Authors: Meshram Nisha , Verma Nirmal , Shrivastava Neha , Prasad Manish A. , Jain Kamlesh , Shinkar Swapnil V. 
Published: July 2023

Background:
Hypertension is known as the silent killer. It comprehends the top rank in non-infectious disease amongst adults; accountable for the deaths every year across the world. It is essential to consider the individual impact of risk factors and their impact on hypertension. This study thus elicited the socio-demographic characteristics, the prevalence of hypertension and associated risk factors, and its impact on adults with hypertension. To estimate the hypertension prevalence and its associated risk factors among adult tribal populations aged 25–60 years residing in Lohandiguda block of Bastar district of Chhattisgarh.

Material and Methods:
A community-based cross-sectional analytical study was used and the setting was done at the field practice area under the three primary health centers of Lohandiguda block, Bastar district of Chhattisgarh. It was carried out among 330 adult tribes residing for ≥1 year in the present locality. Data was collected by door-to-door visits through pre-designed, pretested, semi-structured questionnaire via face-to-face interview method and anthropometric measurement was done by using standard guidelines. The sampling method was multistage sampling. IBM SPSS STATISTICS-20.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA) software.

Results:
The overall prevalence of pre-hypertension and hypertension among tribal subjects was 34.9% and 47.3%, respectively. Of total hypertensive 27.3% were having stage-1 hypertension, 13.9% were having stage-2 hypertension and 6.0% were already diagnosed cases. Risk factors found in multivariate analysis are occupation (unemployed 0.012), frequency of smokeless tobacco used per day (0.,017) and central obesity (0.000).

Conclusions:
As hypertension is a multi-factorial disease the study found strong predictors like occupation, frequency of smokeless tobacco per day and having central obesity with significant difference.
Differentiation value of miR-26b for major depressive disorder, schizophrenia, generalized anxiety disorder
Authors: Kong Lingming , Zhu Xiaoli , Zhang Liyi , Chen Shengdong 
Published: July 2023

Introduction:
First episode and drug naive schizophrenia (SZ) patients comorbid with major depressive episode and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) comorbid with major depressive disorder (MDD) are common in clinical practice, overlapping symptomatology during first presentation of MDD, SZ and GAD challenged the diagnostic process.

Materials and Methods:
This study aimed to investigate the differentiation value of peripheral microRNA-26b expression in 52 patients of MDD, SZ, and GAD, respectively, and 52 controls. Quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was used to further verify aberrant miRNAs of previous identified in MDD and investigate expression level of these peripheral miRNAs in SZ and GAD.

Results:
The expression levels of miR-26b and miR-4743 were significantly upregulated and of miR-4498, miR-4485, and miR-1972 had no significant difference. There were no significant differences of expression levels of miR-26b, miR-4498, miR-4485, and miR-1972 except miR-4743 between SZ patients and control group and of miR-26b, miR-1972, miR-4498, and miR-4485 between GAD group and the controls. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of miR-26b in MDD patients showed that its sensitivity and specificity for diagnosis were 0.540 and 0.830, respectively, with the area under curve (AUC) being 0.728; the ROC of miR-26b for SZ and MDD differentiation showed that its sensitivity and specificity were 0.580 and 0.710, respectively, with AUC being 0.631; the ROC of miR-26b for GAD and MDD differentiation suggested that sensitivity and specificity were 0.560 and 0.750, respectively, with AUC being 0.637.

Conclusion:
MiR-26b might have potential value of differentiation biomarker for MDD, SZ, and GAD.
Insight in patients with bipolar disorder: Findings from the bipolar disorder course and outcome study from India (BiD-CoIN study)
Authors: Grover Sandeep , Avasthi Ajit , Chakravarty Rahul , Dan Amitava , Chakraborty Kaustav , Neogi Rajarshi , Desousa Avinash , Nayak Omkar P. , Praharaj Samir Kumar , Menon Vikas , Deep Raman , Bathla Manish , Subramanyam Alka A. , Nebhinani Naresh , Ghosh Prasonjit , Lakdawala Bhaveshkumar , Bhattacharya Ranjan 
Published: July 2023

Background:
There are limited number of studies evaluating insight among patients with bipolar disorder (BD).

Aim:
This study aimed to examine insight and its correlates in BD using the data from the multicenter BD course and outcome study from India (BiD-CoIN). The additional aim was to evaluate the insight in patients with BD using different scales and understand the correlates of insight.

Materials and Methods:
773 BD patients presently in clinical remission were evaluated on the Insight Scale for Affective Disorders (ISAD), insight items of the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS), and the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS).

Results:
The assessment scales influenced the prevalence of poor insight. Poorer insight irrespective of the assessment scale was consistently associated with higher residual depressive and manic symptoms, and a higher level of cognitive impairment and disability. Poor insight as assessed by ISAD was associated with a higher number of episodes in the lifetime, shorter duration of current remission, a higher number of depressive episodes, a higher amount of time spent in depressive episodes, higher depressive affective morbidity, a higher number of manic episodes, and higher residual depressive and manic symptoms.

Conclusion:
Poor insight in BD is consistently associated with higher residual depressive and manic symptoms and a higher level of cognitive impairment and disability. However, in terms of course variables, the correlates vary depending on the assessment method.