bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fabrication of Surface Polymer Brushes Via Thin Film Crystallization and Solvent Annealing
Authors: Wilk Jeffrey T. , Chancellor Andrew J. , Mei Shan , Qian Qian , Zhao Bin , Li Christopher Y. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPolymer single crystals are used as templates to synthesize polymer brushes, known as the “polymer‐single‐crystal‐assisted‐grafting‐to” (PSCAGT) approach. Polymer brushes with controlled grafting densities and spatial tethering locations are demonstrated. Previous works focused on solution crystallization, which involves large amounts of organic solvent, and the grafting density can only be tuned by varying crystallization temperatures. In this work, thin film crystallization is utilized to fabricate 2D polymer crystals on flat surfaces. Subsequent chemical tethering leads to polymer brushes that retain the original morphology of the crystals with high fidelity. Furthermore, it is shown that the grafting density of the polymer brushes fabricated using this method depends on the chain end distribution on the top/bottom surfaces of the crystal, which can be facilely controlled by annealing the crystals at various nonsolvent media. This work broadens the scope of the PSCAGT method and provides a new route to achieve polymer brushes with controlled structures.
Temporal disturbance of a model stream ecosystem by high microbial diversity from treated wastewater
Authors: Stach Tom L. , Sieber Guido , Shah Manan , Simon Sophie A. , Soares André , Bornemann Till L. V. , Plewka Julia , Künkel Julian , Becker Christian , Meyer Folker , Boenigk Jens , Probst Alexander J. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMicrobial communities in freshwater streams play an essential role in ecosystem functioning via biogeochemical cycling. Yet, the impacts of treated wastewater influx into stream ecosystems on microbial strain diversity remain mostly unexplored. Here, we coupled full‐length 16S ribosomal RNA gene Nanopore sequencing and strain‐resolved metagenomics to investigate the impact of treated wastewater on a mesocosm system (AquaFlow) run with restored river water. Over 10 days, community Bray–Curtis dissimilarities between treated and control mesocosm decreased (0.57 ± 0.058 to 0.26 ± 0.046) based on ribosomal protein S3 gene clustering, finally converging to nearly identical communities. Similarly, strain‐resolved metagenomics revealed a high diversity of bacteria and viruses after the introduction of treated wastewater; these microbes also decreased over time resulting in the same strain clusters in control and treatment at the end of the experiment. Specifically, 39.2% of viral strains detected in all samples were present after the introduction of treated wastewater only. Although bacteria present at low abundance in the treated wastewater introduced additional antibiotic resistance genes, signals of naturally occurring ARG‐encoding organisms resembled the resistome at the endpoint. Our results suggest that the previously stressed freshwater stream and its microbial community are resilient to a substantial introduction of treated wastewater.
Parkin exerts the tumor‐suppressive effect through targeting mitochondria
Authors: Sun Xin , Ye Guiqin , Mai Yuanyuan , Shu Yuhan , Wang Lei , Zhang Jianbin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe role of PARKIN in Parkinson's disease is well established but its role in cancer has recently emerged. PARKIN serves as a tumor suppressor in many cancers and loses the tumor‐suppressive function due to loss of heterozygosity and DNA copy number. But how PARKIN protects against cancer is poorly understood. Through the analysis of PARKIN substrates and their association with mitochondria, this viewpoint discussed that PARKIN exerts its anti‐cancer activity through targeting mitochondria. Mitochondria function as a convergence point for many signaling pathways and biological processes, including apoptosis, cell cycle, mitophagy, energy metabolism, oxidative stress, calcium homeostasis, inflammation, and so forth. PARKIN participates in these processes through regulating its mitochondrial targets. Conversely, these mitochondrial substrates also influence the function of PARKIN under different cellular circumstances. We believe that future studies in this area may lead to novel therapeutic targets and strategies for cancer therapy.
Mechanical model for geomechanical pumped storage in horizontal fluid‐filled lenses
Authors: Bunger Andrew P. , Lau Henry , Wright Scott , Schmidt Howard 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPumped subsurface energy storage entails pumping fluid into fluid‐filled lenses in subterranean rock formations during times of peak power production, and then later producing the fluid back to the surface to drive a turbine. A new mechanical model is developed for lens behavior during flowback (production), shut‐in, and inflation (storage) stages. The model couples elastic deformation of the lens with Darcy–Weisbach fluid flow spanning the laminar to turbulent regimes. It includes an energy‐based inlet boundary condition governing fluid flow rate out of the lens and up to the Earth's surface. It also introduces pressure‐dependent leakoff of fluid to the surrounding rock and the impact of intact rock bridges, which can arise from the lens having multiple petals or lobes, on lens compliance. The model is then used to illustrate the transition from early‐time gradual decline in wellhead pressure and flow rate to eventual pinching of the lens width at the wellbore, leading to rapid decline of pressure and flow rate. The model demonstrates the feasibility of efficient storage cycles that generate a desired amount of power over a desired time while avoiding pinching. Maximizing efficiency is shown to have at least two contrasting regimes depending on whether the fluid leakoff rate to the host rock is dependent on the fluid pressure. The development of this model is therefore an essential step in deployment of subsurface energy storage by providing a mechanical basis for storage lens design.
Slice‐specific tracking for free‐breathing diffusion tensor cardiac MRI
Authors: Xu Xi , Hu Junpu , Zheng Yijia , Liu Yuanyuan , Cui Zhuoxu , Liang Dong , Zhu Yanjie 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundDiffusion tensor cardiac magnetic resonance (DT‐CMR) imaging has great potential to characterize myocardial microarchitecture. However, its accuracy is limited by respiratory and cardiac motion and long scan times. Here, we develop and evaluate a slice‐specific tracking method to improve the efficiency and accuracy of DT‐CMR acquisition during free breathing.MethodsCoronal images were obtained along with signals from a diaphragmatic navigator. Respiratory and slice displacements were obtained from the navigator signals and coronal images, respectively, and these displacements were fitted with a linear model to obtain the slice‐specific tracking factors. This method was evaluated in DT‐CMR examinations of 17 healthy subjects, and the results were compared with those obtained using a fixed tracking factor of 0.6. DT‐CMR with breath‐holding was used for reference. Quantitative and qualitative evaluation methods were used to analyze the performance of the slice‐specific tracking method and the consistency between the obtained diffusion parameters.ResultsIn the study, the slice‐specific tracking factors showed an upward trend from the basal to the apical slice. Residual in‐plane movements were lower in slice‐specific tracking than in fixed‐factor tracking (RMSE: 2.748 ± 1.171 versus 5.983 ± 2.623, P < 0.001). The diffusion parameters obtained using slice‐specific tracking were not significantly different from those obtained from breath‐holding acquisition (P > 0.05).ConclusionIn free‐breathing DT‐CMR imaging, the slice‐specific tracking method reduced misalignment of the acquired slices. The diffusion parameters obtained using this approach were consistent with those obtained with the breath‐holding technique.
Interface flux recovery framework for constructing partitioned heterogeneous time‐integration methods
Authors: Sockwell K. Chad , Bochev Pavel , Peterson Kara , Kuberry Paul 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA common approach for the development of partitioned schemes employing different time integrators on different subdomains is to lag the coupling terms in time. This can lead to accuracy issues, especially in multistage methods. In this article, we present a novel framework for partitioned heterogeneous time‐integration methods, which allows the coupling of arbitrary multistage and multistep methods without reducing their order of accuracy. At the core of our approach are accurate estimates of the interface flux obtained from the Schur complement of an auxiliary monolithic system. We use these estimates to construct a polynomial‐in‐time approximation of the interface flux over the current time coupling window. This approximation provides the interface boundary conditions necessary to decouple the subdomain problems at any point within the coupling window. In so doing our framework enables a flexible choice of time‐integrators for the individual subproblems without compromising the time‐accuracy at the coupled problem level. This feature is the main distinction between our framework and other approaches. To demonstrate the framework, we construct a family of partitioned heterogeneous time‐integration methods, combining multistage and multistep methods, for a simplified tracer transport component of the coupled air‐sea system in Earth system models. We report numerical tests evaluating accuracy and flux conservation for different pairs of time‐integrators from the explicit Runge‐Kutta and Adams‐Moulton families.
An interaction effect of external noise and exposure duration on the spatial contrast sensitivity function
Authors: Zhang Pan , Ren Weicong , Meng Hu , Wang Jialei , Lu Qing , Chen Ge , Li Chenxi , Li Ying , Zhang Shilei , Tao Jiayu , Wu Di 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIt has been demonstrated that contrast sensitivity is sensitive to stimulus exposure duration. Here, we investigated how the duration effect on contrast sensitivity was modulated by the spatial frequency and intensity of external noise. Through a contrast detection task, the contrast sensitivity function under 10 spatial frequencies, three external noise, and two exposure duration conditions was measured. The temporal integration effect was defined by the difference in contrast sensitivity or the area under the log contrast sensitivity function between short and long exposure durations. We found that (1) the temporal integration effect was less pronounced in the zero‐noise condition than in the low‐ or high‐noise condition; (2) in the zero‐noise condition, a stronger temporal integration effect was observed at high spatial frequencies; (3) in the high‐noise condition, a stronger temporal integration effect was observed at low spatial frequencies; (4) the spatial‐frequency‐dependent transient or sustained mechanism is also sensitive to external noise level; and (5) perceptual template model analysis revealed that both decreased additive internal noise and an improved perceptual template accounted for the temporal integration effect, and these two factors were tuned to spatial frequency.
Engaging and collaborating with families across multitiered systems of support: Current school psychologists' practices
Authors: Hendricker Elise , Bender Stacy L. , Ouye Jenna 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe National Association of School Psychologists emphasizes consultation, collaboration, and family–school–community collaboration as domains within school psychology practice. Family engagement is defined as caregiver participation in children's learning and instruction. While research outlines best practices in engaging and collaborating with families across multitiered systems of support (MTSS), there has been little examination of the current practices of school psychologists within this domain. This study investigated family engagement practices in schools, school psychologists' involvement in these practices, and their perceived effectiveness. Results indicated that while family engagement and problem‐solving consultation methods were used within MTSS, school psychologists were less involved in implementation. Implications and future research are discussed.
The association between purpose in life and knowledge sharing behavior among Chinese university students: The mediating effects of gratitude
Authors: Guo Yungui , Luo Shiyu , Tan Yu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn the era of knowledge economy, how to promote knowledge sharing behavior of university students deserves close attention from academic and practical circles. As a character strength, purpose in life can predict individuals' thriving and positive development, but its predictive effect on knowledge sharing behavior has not been explored. This study investigated the association between purpose in life (meaningfulness, goal orientation, and beyond‐the‐self) and knowledge sharing behavior, and the potential mediating effect of gratitude. Data were collected from 493 students (mean age = 20.86, standard deviation= 1.69) from two universities in the Hunan province of China. They completed the scales of purpose in life, gratitude, and knowledge sharing behavior in June 2022. This study conducted structural equation model analysis to test the hypothetical model. The results showed that goal orientation and beyond‐the‐self positively predicted knowledge sharing behavior, and gratitude partially mediated the association between goal orientation and knowledge sharing behavior, and beyond‐the‐self and knowledge sharing behavior. The findings highlight the importance of purpose in life and gratitude in promoting knowledge sharing behavior among university students.
Factors driving national eco‐innovation: New routes to sustainable development
Authors: Chaparro‐Banegas Nuria , Mas‐Tur Alicia , Park Han Woo , Roig‐Tierno Norat 
Published: March 2023

AbstractEach country has its own set of unique elements and institutions to foster innovation within its boundaries. This combination of elements and institutions is known as an innovation system. Innovation has been used to boost countries' growth and competitiveness for decades. However, it is a much questioned strategy because it may compromise the opportunities of future generations and thus sustainable development. Hence, academics and policymakers are now turning to eco‐innovation to create sustainability‐based innovation systems that improve not only a country's economic efficiency but also people's well‐being and quality of life. However, the uncertainty and complexity around eco‐innovation hinder the creation and implementation of eco‐innovation policies because of a failure to identify its drivers. The aim of this paper is to detect the national‐level factors that are necessary or sufficient for eco‐innovation in European countries. Fuzzy‐set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) is used for this purpose. The conditions in this analysis are governance, human capital capacity, research institutions, and public and private research and development (R&D) investment. The use of fsQCA to study eco‐innovation systems is methodologically unique. The findings suggest that research institutions, human capital capacity, and public R&D investment are valuable for eco‐innovation. Therefore, the findings of this study have implications for the design of policies aimed at creating businesses, enriching society, and boosting sustainable development through eco‐innovation. Such policies should focus on education, social awareness, stakeholder engagement, support from research institutions, and public R&D investment.
Bio‐Based Hybrid Catalysts for the Synthesis of Pharmacologically Active Xanthenes
Authors: Karimi Askarani Hajar , Karimi Zarchi Mohammad Ali , Fatemeh Mirjalili Bi Bi , Bamoniri Abdolhamid 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe synthesized an efficient bio‐based nano‐catalyst, – Fe3O4@nano linear dextrin/Sb+5 (Fe3O4@NLD/Sb+5) – from nano linear dextrin and antimony pentachloride via straightforward steps. The nano‐catalyst was used to synthesize solvent‐free 14‐aryl‐14H‐ dibenzo[a, j]xanthene derivatives based on 2‐aminobenzimide and different aldehydes. The synthesized nano‐catalyst bears many critical advantages: nontoxicity, biocompatibility, affordability, easy work‐up method, environmentally friendliness, and high yields, as well as being solvent‐free and operable under green conditions.
Closed Cyclic DNA Machine for Sensitive Logic Operation and APE1 Detection
Authors: Chai Qingli , Chen Jinyang , Zeng Shasha , Zhu Ting , Chen Jintao , Qi Chunjiao , Mao Guobin , Liu Yucheng 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDNA self‐assembly has been developed as a kind of robust signal amplification strategy, but most of reported assembly pathways are programmed to amplify signal in one direction. Herein, based on mutual‐activated cascade cycle of hybridization chain reaction (HCR) and catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA), a closed cycle circuit (CCC) based DNA machine is developed for sensitive logic operation and molecular recognition. Benefiting from the synergistically accelerated signal amplification, the closed cyclic DNA machine enabled the logic computing with strong and significant output signals even at weak input signals. The typical logic operations such as OR, YES, AND, INHIBIT, NOR, and NAND gate, are conveniently and clearly executed with this DNA machine through rational design of the input and computing elements. Moreover, by integrating the target recognition module with the CCC module, the proposed DNA machine is further employed in the homogeneous detection of apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1). The precise recognition and exponential signal amplification facilitated the highly selective and sensitive detection of APE1 with limit of detection (LOD) of 7.8 × 10−5 U mL−1. Besides, the normal cells and tumor cells are distinguished unambiguously by this method according to the detected concentration difference of cellular APE1, which indicates the robustness and practicability of this method.
Effect of Cell Membrane‐cloaked Nanoparticle Elasticity on Nano‐Bio Interaction
Authors: Yuan Pengfei , Chen Xinjie , Li Xiaodi , Zong Xiaoqing , Yang Caiqi , Li Yuchao , Xue Wei , Dai Jian 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCell membrane‐cloaked nanoparticles are exploited as a promising drug carrier to enhance circulation, accumulation, penetration into tumor sites and cellular internalization. However, the effect of physicochemical properties (e.g., size, surface charge, shape, and elasticity) of cell membrane‐cloaked nanoparticles on nano‐bio interaction is rarely studied. In the present study, keeping the other parameters constant, erythrocyte membrane (EM)‐cloaked nanoparticles (nanoEMs) with different Young's moduli are fabricated by altering different kinds of nano‐core (i.e., aqueous phase core, gelatin nanoparticles, and platinum nanoparticles). The designed nanoEMs are used to investigate the effect of nanoparticle elasticity on nano‐bio interaction including cellular internalization, tumor penetration, biodistribution, blood circulation, and so on. The results demonstrate that the nanoEMs with intermediate elasticity (≈95 MPa) have a relatively higher increase in cellular internalization and inhibition of tumor cells migration than the soft (≈11 MPa) and stiff (≈173 MPa) ones. Furthermore, in vivo studies show that nanoEMs with intermediate elasticity preferentially accumulate and penetrate into tumor sites than the soft and stiff ones, while in circulation, softer nanoEMs show a longer blood circulation time. This work provides an insight for optimizing the design of biomimetic carriers and may further contribute to the selection of nanomaterials on biomedical application.
Enhancing sustainability performance of universities: A DMAIC approach
Authors: Hamdan Anwar , Hamdan Sadeque , Alsyouf Imad , Murad Nada , Abdelrazeq Marah , Al‐Ali Sondos , Bettayeb Maamar 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis paper aims to assess and improve the sustainability performance at a higher educational institute (HEI) in UAE using DMAIC methodology, considering five sustainability aspects (knowledge, behaviour, concern, awareness and attitude). One primary and six secondary research questions were defined in the define phase. In the measure phase, a questionnaire was designed to measure the current sustainability level based on the five sustainability aspects. A questionnaire was distributed among campus populations and statistically analysed in the analysis phase. Participation in UI GreenMetric was used in the control phase to monitor the performance from 2018 to 2020. It was found that the communication college has the lowest sustainability level at 25% marginal error compared with other colleges. Also, students have the lowest sustainability level compared with faculty and staff at a 15% marginal error. The proposed framework can help HEI decision‐makers assess their sustainability levels and suggest plans to enhance sustainability performance.
NHC‐Activations on α‐, β‐, γ‐, and Beyond
Authors: Chen Xiaoyu , He Pengyu , Xia Siqi , Cui Lixin , Zhong Guofu , Yang Limin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractOver the recent decades, due to the special electronic characteristics and diverse reactivities, N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC) has received significant interest in organocatalyzed reactions. The formation of Breslow intermediates by NHC can convert into acyl anion equivalent, enolates, homoenolate, acyl azolium, and vinyl enolate etc., and the cycloaddition reactions of these species has attracted lots of attention. In this review, we focus on the summry of the development of NHC‐activation of carbonyl carbon (or imine carbon) in situ, α‐, β‐, γ‐, and beyond, and the cycloaddition reaction of these species.
A study on the correlation of anthropogenic activities with climate change
Authors: Mukherjee Susmita , Keswani Keerti , Nath Pallabi , Paul Sonali 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe introduction of dangerous substances known as pollutants that impair the environment is referred to as pollution. It includes major factors like pollutants of the air, water, soil, and minor factors like high decibel noise and plastics—all of which impact human health and well‐being. Pollution is caused by variety of factors, including toxic chemicals released into the water by manufacturers, dangerous gases produced by different factories into the air, and various human activities like ore mining and ore purification. These most often lead to global warming which results in shifting weather and temperature patterns. Pesticides are another significant contributor to both soil and water contamination. These pollutants have emerged as one of the main factors influencing our climate. Their manufacture leads to emission of greenhouse gases which affects the climate of a place. Because of the overuse of pesticides, both the land and the groundwater are contaminated. By impacting the soil, the overall growth, yield and life of the plants are being affected. When introduced into water bodies, pesticides have an impact on the aquatic ecology because the buildup of these dangerous pollutants, which have a higher pH value and also contain toxic metals, which could be detrimental for the aquatic ecosystem. The synergistic impact of various pollutants on environment, climate due to anthropogenic causes, as well as the possible remediation strategies is discussed in this study.