bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Natural durability and fungal diversity of five wood species in a field-test site in Jeongseon, Korea
Authors: Yoon Sae-Min , Kim Min-Ji , Hwang Won-Joung , Lee Hyun-Mi , Park Yonggun , Son Dong-Won , Kim Yeong-Suk , Choi Yong-Seok 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Climate change from global warming raises the risk of wood decay. Knowing the inherent durability period of wood is crucial for long-term use. Hence, the natural durability of five important Korean wood species (Larix kaempferi, Pinus densiflora, Quercus rubra, Quercus variabilis, and Quercus serrata) was evaluated. In addition, the fungal diversity isolated from each wood stake was investigated to compare and analyze the differences in natural durability. The natural durability of the five wood species was determined to be highest in Larix kaempferi and Quercus serrata, followed by Quercus variabilis, Quercus rubra, and Pinus densiflora. Overall, 306 fungal isolates were collected, including 16 species of Ascomycota, 22 species of Basidiomycota, 15 species of Zygomycota, and eight unidentified species, which dominate different positions of the wood stake. Less Basidiomycota diversity was observed in the two wood species with high durability. In addition, the isolation of not only Basidiomycota but also Ascomycota and Zygomycota could affect wood deterioration and explain the association with wood durability. These findings are expected to be useful in improving the durability of useful wood in Korea in an era of climate change, where the risk of wood decay is increasing.
Hydrocracking of hydrotreated light cycle oil for optimizing BTEX production: a simple kinetic model
Authors: Laredo Georgina C. , Olmos-Cerda Eli H. , Pérez-Romo Patricia , Águeda-Rangel Ricardo , García-López Alfonso 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The effect of the experimental conditions on the hydrocracking (HCK) of a hydrotreated light cycle oil (HDT LCO) was studied in this work. The catalyst tested was a 50/50 weight mixture of nickel-molybdenum-phosphorous on alumina (NiMo/Al2O3) and a commercial ZSM5 zeolite (HCK 50/50). The experimental conditions tested were 340, 350, 360, and 370 °C; 7.5 MPa; 0.9, 1.2, 1.5, and 1.8 h−1 LHSV, and H2/HC of 752 m3/m3. Two phases: gas and liquid, were obtained as HDK products. The gas phase consisted mostly of C1–C5 paraffins, iso-paraffins, and olefins. The liquid phase was characterized by GC-PIONA and was distributed in lumps as follows: NAPA by C11 to C13-naphthalenes; TET by C11 to C13-tetralins; IND by C9 to C13-indanes and indenes; AKB by C9 to C13-alkylbenzenes; BTEX by benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes; NAPE by C9 to C13-naphthenes; and PIP by C3 to C14 paraffin, iso-paraffin, and olefin type hydrocarbons. Using this classification, the results showed that increments in temperature and decrements in LHSV produced increments in the formation of gases, PIP, BTEX, and NAPE. At the same conditions, AKB, TET, NAPA, and IND decreased sharply. TET and NAPA derivatives were no longer present at high temperatures (360–370 °C). It seemed to be a limit of the BTEX formation directly related to the TET and IND presence, and it did not seem to depend on the transalkylation process of AKB hydrocarbons. Instead, AKB hydrocarbons were directly correlated to NAPE hydrocarbon formation by hydrogenation. A kinetic model was prepared. The model presented correlation coefficients higher than 98 %. The kinetic model that was made predicted that neither increasing the temperature nor lowering the LHSV would improve the BTEX formation when departing from this feedstock.
Metabolic risk factors in prepubertal and pubertal patients with overweight and obesity
Authors: Alvares Matheus Alves , Wanderley Guilherme Sanchez , Mitre Isabela Mesquita , Ribeiro Alessandra Caivano Rodrigues , Kochi Cristiane 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of conditions linked to obesity that increases cardiovascular risk. We evaluated the frequency of clinical abnormalities associated with overweight and obesity in childhood, to determine whether a diagnosis of MetS is appropriate in this population.

Methods
Cross-sectional study with 116 pubertal and prepubertal children with a mean age (SD) of 10.9 (2.5) years, with overweight and obesity. We defined MetS using the International Diabetes Federation criteria, regardless of the age.

Results
45 patients met the criteria, 20 had at least one metabolic abnormality in addition to a high waist circumference (WC), and seven with WC below percentile 90th, had at least one metabolic abnormality. The prepubertal had higher zBMI [3.1 (2.6–3.8) vs. 2.8 (2.4–3.3); p=0.037], less lean body mass (kg) [27.13 (7.3) vs. 34.13 (9.8); p=0.005] and a similar frequency of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) compared to the pubertal [44.7 vs. 35.9; p=0.323]. Prepubertal with NAFLD had higher zBMI, lower HDL levels, higher TG/HDL ratios and higher fat percentages; while pubertal with NAFLD had higher WC/height, aspartate aminotransferase and oxaloacetic transaminase.

Conclusions
The diagnosis of MetS in childhood is not fundamental. Individualized management, focusing on the earliest age groups, in which we identified a more severe degree of obesity, should be done. We also recommend screening for NAFLD in all ages, due to the high prevalence observed.
Single chip simultaneous chiral and achiral imaging based on high efficiency 3D plasmonic metalens
Authors: Sun Ti , Yang Xing , Xu Feng , Wang Chinhua 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
We propose and experimentally demonstrate a single chip metasurface for simultaneous chiral and achiral imaging and polarimetric detecting using a high efficiency three dimensional plasmonic metalens (3D-PM) with capability of designed separation of different circular polarizations. The proposed 3D-PM combines both propagating and geometric phases so that two orthogonal circular polarization components of the incidence can be precisely separated and imaged into two channels and the incident polarization state can be detected with differentiation of the two channels. One single set of an array of Au layer covered anisotropic polymethyl methacrylate elliptical nanopillars is employed, in which height of each nanopillar is added as a new design degree of freedom to realize both full phase manipulation (0–2π) and high efficiency (>0.85) with coupled equivalent Fabry–Pérot cavity and localized surface plasmons. At design wavelength of 1550 nm, experimental results show that optical resolution of both chiral and achiral images approaches the diffraction limit, extinction ratio of circular polarizations in two channels is ∼33:1, and the energy efficiency reaches ∼63 %. The proposed 3D-PM provides a new and simple way for chiral/achiral imaging and polarimetric measurement, and can be applied in integrated optics, optical communication, and biomolecule detection.
TEACHER RECRUITMENT, SELECTION , AND PROMOTION: THE ROLE OF TEACHERS’ UNIONS IN MALAYSIA
Authors: Syed Husin Syed Muhamad Ubaidillah 
Published: July 2023

The topic reviews the roles of Teachers’ Unions in teacher recruitment, selection, and promotion and their impacts on the timely graduate teachers as well as to the educational system in general. The objectives of the research were to analyze the current situation in the Malaysia’s Ministry of Education from the Human Resource Management (HRM) point of view. It outlines the issues that exist within HRM particularly on the influence of teachers’ Unions in the formation of Human Resource policy in education on teachers’ recruitment channel , selection methods and promotion and its effects on the timely graduate teachers. Special reference was given to the latest Malaysia’s educational policy - Malaysian National Education Blueprint (2013-2025) which inter alia has included human resource management in its transformation program. We argue that Teachers’ Unions have their influence in the formation of policy by the Ministry of Education on recruitment, selection and promotion of teachers. How the policy benefits the college-qualified teachers and affect the timely graduate teachers in particular and the educational system in general.
KEPERLUAN MODUL LATIHAN PENGUKUHAN KEPULIHAN TERHADAP (ORANG KENA PENGAWASAN- OKP) BERBANTUKAN LATIHAN PSIKOSPIRITUAL DAN BIOFEEDBACK
Authors: Azmi Mohd Hefzan , Abdul Wahab Muhammad Nubli 
Published: July 2023

OKP under section 6(1)(a) are those who have undergone treatment and rehabilitation at the Cure and Care Rehabilitation Center (CCRC). After being released from the institution, they are required to undergo supervision in their respective districts for a period of not less than two years. Among the main challenges faced by this group is the risk of repeated addiction (relapse) after being freed from the institution. In an effort to prevent this relapse, they need to go through activities that are considered capable of strengthening recovery and apply activities based on Islamic psychospirituality so that this target group receive spiritual fullfillment and to continue to be resilient from withdrawal symptoms and navigate triggers while in the supervision phase. Following on from that, this paper continues to analyze several past studies related to the psychospiritual approach of Islam in an effort to curb this relapse. By using the literature research method through the systematic literature review (SLR) technique, this paper finds the need for treatment and training based on Islamic psychospirituality from al-Nafs al-Ghazali's riyadah model. Therefore, the result of a paper like this is expected to be able to construct a standardized module that can guide OKP towards strengthening recovery throughout life.

OKP dibawah seksyen 6(1)(a) adalah mereka yang telah menjalani rawatan dan pemulihan di Pusat Pemulihan Penagihan Narkotik (PUSPEN). Setelah dibebaskan dari institusi tersebut mereka ini dikehendaki menjalani pengawasan di daerah masing-masing bagi tempoh tidak kurang dua tahun. Antara cabaran utama yang dihadapi oleh golongan ini ialah risiko penagihan berulang (relaps) setelah bebas dari institusi. Dalam usaha mencegah relaps ini mereka perlu melalui aktiviti-aktiviti yang dianggap mampu mengukuhkan kepulihan dan diaplikasikan aktiviti berasaskan psikospiritual Islam agar golongan sasaran ini mendapat pengisian jiwa dan tidak terus alpa semasa berada di fasa pengawasan. Rentetan dari itu makalah ini terus menganalisis beberapa kajian lepas berkaitan dengan pendekatan psikospiritual Islam dalam usaha membendung relaps ini. Dengan menggunakan metod kajian kepustakaan melalui teknik systematic literature review (SLR) maka makalah ini mendapati perlunya terhadap rawatan dan latihan berasaskan psikospiritual Islam dari model riyadah al-Nafs al-Ghazali. Justeru itu hasil dari makalah seperti ini diharapkan mampu diwujudkan sukatan modul yang mampu membimbing OKP ke arah pengukuhan kepulihan sepanjang hayat.
MASALAH PEMBELAJARAN MURID SEKOLAH RENDAH LUAR BANDAR DALAM MATA PELAJARAN SAINS
Authors: Hasmiza Yaakob  , Muhammad Nubli Abdul Wahab  , Abdul Rashid Abdul Aziz  , Mohd Ropizam Mohamad Zainun  
Published: July 2023

Penguasaan mata pelajaran Sains amat penting dalam kalangan murid sekolah rendah. Namun begitu, pencapaian murid dalam mata pelajaran Sains dilihat agak merosot semenjak Kurikulum Standard Sekolah Rendah (KSSR) diperkenalkan pada tahun 2016. Pelbagai pendekatan dilakukan untuk meningkatkan penguasaan murid dalam mata pelajaran ini. Sehubungan dengan itu, kajian ini dilaksanakan bagi mengkaji masalah yang dihadapi oleh murid-murid sekolah luar bandar dalam mempelajari mata pelajaran Sains. Kajian menggunakan borang soal selidik kepada 98 orang murid tahun 6 yang bersekolah di sekitar Zon Jengka. Pencapaian akademik mereka pula diukur berdasarkan jumlah markah peperiksaan (TOV) murid bagi penilaian akhir tahun serta target murid untuk pencapaian Sains. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa masalah utama yang dihadapi oleh murid-murid sekolah rendah luar bandar terhadap mata pelajaran Sains adalah masalah sikap negatif terhadap mata pelajaran Sains. Sampel juga sukar untuk memahami topik-topik yang dipelajari. Sampel juga menghadapi masalah dalam mengaplikasikan dapatan uji kaji dengan kehidupan seharian. Situasi ini memberikan kesan terhadap penguasaan dan daya tumpuan murid di dalam kelas dan seterusnya mempengaruhi motivasi murid terhadap mata pelajaran Sains. Hasil dari kajian ini diharapkan dapat membantu para pendidik membuat perancangan yang lebih terperinci dalam mempelbagaikan pendekatan untuk meningkatkan tumpuan murid terhadap mata pelajaran Sains dan seterusnya membantu meningkatkan kecemerlangan mata pelajaran Sains.
Science subject achievement is crucial for elementary school students. However, the achievement of students in Science subjects has seen to decline since the introduction of the Primary School Standard Curriculum in 2016. Various strategies are employed to enhance student performance of this subject. In light of this, this study was conducted to examine the challenges rural school students face when learning Science subjects. The study administered a questionnaire to 98 sixth-grade students from schools in the Jengka Zone. Academic achievement is determined by the student's total exam score (TOV) on the end-of-year examination and the student's Science achievement goal. The findings of the study indicate that negative attitudes towards Science subjects are the most significant challenge faced by primary school students. Additionally, samples are also difficult to fully understand the science topics. Samples also struggle to apply the experiment's findings to everyday life. This circumstance has an effect on students' classroom performance and concentration, as well as their interest in Science subjects. The findings of this study are anticipated to assist educators in developing specific strategies for diversifying approaches to increase students' focus on Science subjects and to contribute to the enhancement of Science subject excellence.
Prevalence of Electronic Hookah and Risk Factors among University Students in Mosul City/Iraq
Authors: Younis Nasir Muwfaq 
Published: July 2023

Tobacco use is considered as one of the largest public health threats facing the world. The estimated number of current smokers in the world epidemic now in the developing countries. Waterpipe smoking is a customary and cultural method of tobacco smoking in many parts of the world. The aim of the study to assess the Prevalence of electronic Hookah and risk factors among university students in Mosul City . A descriptive cross-sectional study that conducted during the period of 1 /12/ 2022 to 1 /3/ 2023 among university of students in Nineveh Governorate. The data collected in four college included in the study (Engineering, Sciences, Medicine and Education Colleges). The instruments of the study were composed of (3) parts:Part One: Demographic characteristics that include (ages, gender, Marital status, educational level, exercise and Smoking).Part Two: To assess Practice patterns among electronic hookah users. Part Three: To assess risk factors for university students towards electronic hookah.This study finding that most of the sample participating in the study amounted to 400 students, that most of the study sample was from 18 to 20 years old, at a rate of 54.25%, and that the sample of men was higher than that of women by (54.25%), 79%of the sample whose marital status was single. This study concluded that almost half of the university students were users of electronic hookah, and most students used electronic hookah smoking in the colleges of the engineering group, and many students had sufficient information about the risk factors related to electronic smoking.
An Interventional Program on Nurses Knowledge and Practice towards Phototherapy in Neonatal Care Units
Authors: Bura'a Laith Nawfal , Younis Nasir Muwfaq 
Published: July 2023

The aim of the study an interventional Program on nurses knowledge and Practice towards Phototherapy in neonatal care units. Quazi experimental design through using non randomized Purposive Sampling ( Non probability ) controlled trial is conducted to determine effectiveness of an interventional program on nurses performance regarding phototherapy from first. Dece-2022 to Jun2023. A non-randomized Purposive Sampling ( Non probability ) of nurses for the two group with different position. The sample was collected for the study group in Mosul neonatal care units that they was )60 ) nurse who are works on phototherapy in neonatal care units, who’s agree to participate in the study, purposive sampling by choosing ( 30 ) nurses. The finding results refer to (pre-test =73.34% poor) , (post-test1=83.34% Good) and (post-test2=80 Good) in Knowledge.The study concluded that the research confirms that the training is an excellent method for enhancing nurses' knowledge and practice of phototherapy neonatal.
Model of Revitalization of Local Wisdom Maja Labo Dahu in Saving the Environment in Bima Regency
Authors: . Furkan , Syah Ahman , . Sunaryo 
Published: July 2023

This research was studied from the problem of massive forest destruction occurring in Bima Regency even though there is a local wisdom Maja Labo Dahu. This research uses an ethnographic approach, which focuses on experiences, understanding, perspectives and current conditions in the Bima community. This study explains the model of reviltalization of Maja Labo Dahu's local wisdom in environmental protection in Bima Regency. This research data was collected through in-depth observation or observation, documentation and direct interviews of several speakers, including government, traditional leaders, community leaders, religions, community members, journalists, corn entrepreneurs, wood, and academics. The results showed that serious steps are needed to revitalize local wisdom, Maja Labo Dohu as an effort to save the environment. Efforts that can be made, namely (1) Strengthening the Social Forestry Program by Utilizing Intercropping Plants, (2) The Parafu Concept in Several Places Must Be Maintained, (3) Reviving Customary Institutions in Efforts to Revitalize Forest Damage, (4) Strengthening Forest Supervision through Customary Institutions, and (5) Moratorium/Cessation of Cultivation and Clearing of Forests Around Springs.
The Impact of Social Media Influencers on BA students: A Study Targeting a Sample Chosen from the Students Enrolled at the University of Jordan: Snapchat as a Model
Authors: Atieh Nesreen Nabil Rawhe , Salahat Abeer Ali Al- , Arabi Rakan Ayoub Abu 
Published: July 2023

The present study aimed to explore the impact of social media influencers on the BA students enrolled at the University of Jordan from the perspective of those students. It targets Snapchat as a model. It targets the behavioral and language-related areas. The researcher of the present study adopted a descriptive approach. She developed a questionnaire for meeting the study’s goal. This questionnaire consists from twenty two (22) items. It targets two areas. The first area is represented in the impact of social media influencers on students in language-related aspects. The second area is represented in the impact of social media influencers on students in behavioral aspects. The study’s population is represented in all the female and male BA students who were enrolled at the humanities and scientific faculties at the University of Jordan during the second semester of the academic year 2023 / 2024. It consists from 46114 students. Data was collected online from a random sample consisting from 269 students. It was found that the extent of impact of social media influencers on the BA students in language-related aspects is moderate. It was found that the extent of impact of social media influencers on the BA students in behavioral aspects is low. There isn’t any significant difference between the respondents ‘attitudes which can be attributed to (gender, faculty, academic year, or number of hours spent on using Snapchat) in the language-related aspects. There isn’t any significant difference between the respondents ‘attitudes which can be attributed to (gender, faculty, or academic year) in the behavioral aspects. There is a statistically statistically significant difference – at the statistical significance level of (a = 0.05)- between the respondents ‘attitudes which can be attributed to the number of hours spent on using Snapchat in the behavioral aspects. The latter difference is for the favor of the ones who spent three hours or more. The researcher of the present study offered several recommendations. For instance, she recommends conducting studies to explore the impact of social media on the behavior of adolescents and youth. She recommends using the results of such studies to set strategic plans and developing programs targeting youth.
DEVELOPMENT OF OLEOGELS WITH A REDUCED CONTENT OF SATURATED FATTY ACIDS
Authors: Matveeva T. , Mazaeva V. , Papchenko V. , Khareba V. , Khareba O. 
Published: July 2023

The issue of obtaining fat compositions with a reduced content of saturated and trans fats by the method of oleogelation has been studied. The relevance of complex research on the development of oleogels is substantiated. It has been established that oleogels in the near future can become substitutes for fats obtained by partial hydrogenation, interesterification or fractionation. Proposed fats to create a dispersed medium (fat base) oleogel, namely sunflower and palm oil, chicken fat. The expediency of using these fats is emphasized. The physicochemical parameters of sunflower and palm oils, chicken fat were experimentally determined, in particular, by the method of differential scanning calorimetry, the process of melting and crystallization of selected fats was analyzed. Particular attention is paid to the study of the melting and crystallization curves of these fats. The content of solid triacylglycerides (STG) in fats was experimentally established depending on temperature. It has been shown that the content of STG in palm oil is higher than in chicken fat (7.87 versus 3.27%), therefore it is proposed to use palm oil and chicken fat together with liquid oils, such as sunflower, to obtain oleogel fatty bases with melting temperature in the range of +34-+38 ºC. A mathematical model has been developed for the dependence of the melting point on the proportion of ingredients in the oleogel dispersed medium. A formulation of a dispersed medium with a melting point of +34.05 °C was obtained, in which the content of ingredients (%, wt.) is: sunflower oil 15; palm oil 60; chicken fat 25. The effect of the content of the dispersed phase - vegetable wax - in the range from 1 to 5% on the melting temperature of the simulated oleogel disperse medium was studied. The results showed that the rational content of vegetable wax in the simulated oleogel is 1.5%. The use of the oleogelation method can help provide the fat composition not only with the required technological properties, but also by reducing the amount of saturated and trans fats - a positive fatty acid profile, and as a result, make the final food product more beneficial to human health. The resulting oleogel composition will be effective for use in flour and confectionery technologies instead of fats containing saturated and/or trans fats.