bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of graphite-based conductive patterns by copper electroless plating and electroplating techniques
Authors:   , Aupama Vipada 
Published: March 2023

The screen-printing technique has been widely applied in electronic manufacturing field. In this work, graphite is used for fabricating conductive patterns by screen-printing technique. Moreover, enhance the performance of electrical conductivity by electroless plating and electroplating techniques. The study was separated into two parts. Firstly, optimize the mass ratio between graphite and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF). In prepared ink from varied mass ratio; 2.0:0.1, 2:0.2, and 2:0.3 respectively. Volume resistivity analysis of conductive patterns, it was found that the mass ratio between graphite and PVDF of 2: 0.2 provided the lowest volume resistivity of 0.0122 Ω-m. In other cases, the mass ratio between graphite and PVDF of 2:0.1 and 2:0.3 provided volume resistivity of 0.8693 and 0.6445 Ω-m, respectively. Secondly, this part of to study focuses on the factors affecting to improve conductivity efficiency by using electroless plating and electroplating techniques. Electroless plating was found concentration ratios between copper (II)sulfate(CuSO4) and formaldehyde(HCOH) of 1:2 provided the dispersion of spherical small copper better than concentration ratios between CuSO4 and HCOH of 1:1 and 2:1, respectively. Electroplating was found the concentration of electrolytes unaffected to the copper layer at the constant current rate for the process also when the duration of electroplating increase in the copper layer of the pattern increased, within 15 min after electroplating the volume resistivity of conductive patterns reduced to 0.8906 μΩ-m.
Effects of COVID-19 Isolation Practices on Neurosurgical Traumas
Authors: AKTAŞ Ramazan Sami , ÇETİN Eyüp 
Published: March 2023

Aim: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) on March 11, 2020. We aimed to investigate the frequency of head and spinal injuries caused by trauma before and after the pandemic. To identify the situations that should be taken into account in isolation measures due to the possibility of the emergence of such epidemics in the globalizing world.
Material and Method: Medical records of 2595 patients were accessed and 1309 patients with missing patient data were excluded from the study. Normal distribution of continuous variables was assessed using Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Continuous variables were compared using Mann-Whitney U test and categorical variables were compared using Chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test.
Results: Data of 1286 patients were analyzed. Some parameters differ before and after the pandemic, age, injury mechanism, type of lesion, spinal trauma. The average age is 33.9 and the male-female ratio is 3/2. The most frequent admission to the emergency room was in the summer. In our data, there were significant differences in age, gunshot wounds in the trauma mechanism, soft tissue injury and contusion in lesions, and spinal trauma.
Conclusion: The Covid pandemic has caused imperative changes in every aspect of life. This situation also caused a change in the reasons for applying to hospitals. It has been shown that the isolations performed because of Covid-19 did not affect the diagnosis, treatment, and mortality of the patients, although they changed the mechanisms of head and spine trauma. Even with compulsory isolation for public health, the approach to neurosurgical traumas that may occur should not change. It should not be forgotten that in the presence of the Covid 19 pandemic, it continues in other clinical situations.
Standardization of Sowing Time of Chinese Onion (Allium chinense) for Hill Zone of Assam
Authors: Terangpi Hunmili , Borthakur U. , Maibangsa M. , Bathari M. 
Published: March 2023

A miniature type of onion known as Chinese onion is widely grown in Karbi Anglong hill district of Assam which is used by the local tribes mainly for its medicinal value as well as in culinary purposes. A field experiment was conducted at AAU-Zonal Research Station, Diphu, Karbi Anglong, Assam with the objective to standardize the planting time of this crop. Planting was done at two-month interval during July 2020 to May 2021. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with four replications and six treatments as planting time. Data regarding growth and yield was recorded and analysed statistically. The data on growth and yield characters like Plant height(cm), No. of leaf per plant, Leaf length (cm), leaf breadth (mm), No. of cloves per bulb, bulb length(cm), bulb breadth(cm) and yield/hectare were recorded. The result revealed that plant height, number of leaves per plant, bulb length and bulb yield was significantly influenced by the planting time. The highest plant height of 19.62 cm was recorded in T2(Sept) planting, while it was lowest in T4(Jan) planting (17.65 cm). The highest number of leaves per plant was recorded in T2(Sep) planting with 8.25 followed by T1(July) planting with 8 numbers. The highest leaf length (18.37 cm) was recorded in T2 (Sept) planting followed by 17.82 cm T5(March)and 17.62 cm T3(Nov) planting respectively.
The bulb length was found to be highest in September planting (T2) with 1.6 cm and the lowest was recorded in T3 (Nov) with 1.4 cm. The highest bulb yield per hectare 30.16q was obtained from T3 (Nov) planting and the lowest 17q was found in T4 (Jan)planting. From the present investigation it can be concluded that for better vegetative growth and higher yield of Chinese onion, the optimum time of planting is the month of September.
Racial Disparities in Pathological Complete Response Among Patients Receiving Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Early-Stage Breast Cancer
Authors: Zhao Fangyuan , Miyashita Minoru , Hattori Masaya , Yoshimatsu Toshio , Howard Frederick , Kaneva Kristiyana , Jones Ryan , Bell Joshua S. K. , Fleming Gini F. , Jaskowiak Nora , Nanda Rita , Zheng Yonglan , Huo Dezheng , Olopade Olufunmilayo I. 
Published: March 2023

ImportanceAmong patients with breast cancer, inconsistent findings have been published on racial disparities in achieving pathologic complete response (pCR) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT).ObjectiveTo investigate whether racial disparities exist in achieving pCR and what factors contribute to them.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsWithin the ongoing Chicago Multiethnic Epidemiologic Breast Cancer Cohort (ChiMEC), which consists of a prospectively ascertained cohort of patients with breast cancer, 690 patients with stage I to III breast cancer receiving NACT were identified for this single-institution study at the University of Chicago Medicine. Patients diagnosed between 2002 and 2020 (median follow-up: 5.4 years) were included; next-generation sequencing data on tumor-normal tissue pairs were available from 186 ChiMEC patients, including both primary and residual tumor samples. Statistical analysis was performed from September 2021 to September 2022.ExposuresDemographic, biological, and treatment factors that could contribute to disparities in achieving pCR.Main Outcomes and MeasurespCR was defined as the absence of invasive cancer in the breast and axillary nodes, irrespective of ductal carcinoma in situ.ResultsThe study included 690 patients with breast cancer, with a mean (SD) age of 50.1 (12.8) years. Among the 355 White patients, 130 (36.6%) achieved pCR compared to 77 of the 269 Black patients (28.6%;P = .04). Not achieving pCR was associated with significantly worse overall survival (adjusted hazard ratio, 6.10; 95% CI, 2.80-13.32). Black patients had significantly lower odds of achieving pCR compared with White patients in the hormone receptor–negative/ERBB2+ subtype (adjusted odds ratio, 0.30; 95% CI, 0.11-0.81). Compared with White patients withERBB2+ disease, Black patients were more likely to have MAPK pathway alterations (30.0% [6 of 20] vs 4.6% [1 of 22];P = .04), a potential mechanism of anti-ERBB2therapy resistance. Tumor mutational burden and somatic alterations in several genes (eg,FGF4,FGF3, CCND1, MCL1, FAT1, ERCC3, PTEN) were significantly different between the primary and residual tumors.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study of patients with breast cancer, racial disparities in response to NACT were associated with disparities in survival and varied across different breast cancer subtypes. This study highlights the potential benefits of better understanding the biology of primary and residual tumors.
A Bifunctional Carbazide Additive For Durable CsSnI3 Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Duan Chenghao , Zou Feilin , Wen Qiaoyun , Qin Minchao , Li Jiong , Chen Chang , Lu Xinhui , Ding Liming , Yan Keyou 
Published: March 2023

AbstractInorganic CsSnI3 with low toxicity and a narrow bandgap is a promising photovoltaic material. However, the performance of CsSnI3 perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is much lower than that of Pb‐based and hybrid Sn‐based (e.g., CsPbX3 and CH(NH2)2SnX3) PSCs, which may be attributed to its poor film‐forming property and the deep traps induced by Sn4+. Here, a bifunctional additive carbazide (CBZ) is adapted to deposit a pinhole‐free film and remove the deep traps via two‐step annealing. The lone electrons of the NH2 and CO units in CBZ can coordinate with Sn2+ to form a dense film with large grains during the phase transition at 80 °C. The decomposition of CBZ can reduce Sn4+ to Sn2+ during annealing at 150 °C to remove the deep traps. Compared with the control device (4.12%), the maximum efficiency of the CsSnI3:CBZ PSC reaches 11.21%, which is the highest efficiency of CsSnI3 PSC reported to date. A certified efficiency of 10.90% is obtained by an independent photovoltaic testing laboratory. In addition, the unsealed CsSnI3:CBZ devices maintain initial efficiencies of ≈100%, 90%, and 80% under an inert atmosphere (60 days), standard maximum power point tracking (650 h at 65 °C), and ambient air (100 h), respectively.
Reshaping Strategy at Ultrahigh Strain Rates Enables Large‐Scale Fabrication of Sharp Nanostructures
Authors: Liu Jian , He Yali , Hu Yaowu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMetal nanostructures are the primary component of metamaterials and plasmonics, whereas the high‐throughput production of high‐resolution nanostructures has always been a challenge. Inspired by the special hardening behavior of nanometals at ultrahigh strain rates, a reshaping strategy of hardened structures for large‐scale fabrication of ultra‐sharp nanostructures is proposed in this study. At ultrahigh strain rates, the extreme shear deformation‐induced solid state amorphization and grain‐refining effects of nanometals are first revealed, which provide the required mechanical properties and structural stability for the reshaping of primary structures. The experimental results demonstrate that nanostructures with sub‐10 nm resolution are formed using the reshaping strategy. Additionally, the pressure dependence of deformation behavior of the hardened structures in the ultrahigh‐strain‐rate reshaping process is further explored to guide the nanofabrication process. The results demonstrate that the reshaping strategy at ultrahigh strain rates allows the ultrafine shaping of nanostructures with sub‐10 nm resolution on low‐pressure and submicron‐sized molds, compared with conventional imprinting processes. The generated nanostructures using reshaping process exhibit excellent surface Raman enhancement, enabling high‐sensitivity molecular detection. The reshaping strategy provides a novel strategy for the rapid, repeatable, and economical manufacturing of sharp nanostructures, which has broad application prospects in the fields of plasmonics and photonics.
Epitaxial Growth of Lattice‐Matched BaWO4/CH3NH3PbX3(X = Cl, Br, I) Hetero‐Micro/Nanostructure with Suppressed Halide Ion Migration
Authors: Liu Peng , Xu Yan , Zhang Yuchi , Han Le , Lian Hongzhou , Lin Jun 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntrinsic instability of lead halide perovskites has always been a key obstacle to manifest their excellent optoelectronic applications. Here, a solvent‐free thermally driven heteroepitaxial growth strategy is proposed to assemble BaWO4/MAPbX3(MA = CH3NH3+; X = Cl−, Br−, or I−) micro‐nanostructure. Tetragonal BaWO4matrix restrains the halogen ion migration in epitaxial MAPbX3thanks to their perfect lattice matching degrees, also imparting the integration of exceptional durability to light, heat, polarity solvents, and capabilities to fine‐tune the luminescent colors. Furthermore, MABr‐triggered surface nucleation of MAPbBr3and its removal by H2O appear with switchable and reversible color changes, demonstrating great potential in advanced anticounterfeiting. The general approach in engineering heteroepitaxy of MAPbX3heterostructure opens up a new idea toward improved stability by the lattice matching principle.
CoVSense: Ultrasensitive Nucleocapsid Antigen Immunosensor for Rapid Clinical Detection of Wildtype and Variant SARS‐CoV‐2
Authors: Salahandish Razieh , Hyun Jae Eun , Haghayegh Fatemeh , Tabrizi Hamed Osouli , Moossavi Shirin , Khetani Sultan , Ayala‐Charca Giancarlo , Berenger Byron M. , Niu Yan Dong , Ghafar‐Zadeh Ebrahim , Nezhad Amir Sanati 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe widespread accessibility of commercial/clinically‐viable electrochemical diagnostic systems for rapid quantification of viral proteins demands translational/preclinical investigations. Here, Covid‐Sense (CoVSense) antigen testing platform; an all‐in‐one electrochemical nano‐immunosensor for sample‐to‐result, self‐validated, and accurate quantification of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) nucleocapsid (N)‐proteins in clinical examinations is developed. The platform's sensing strips benefit from a highly‐sensitive, nanostructured surface, created through the incorporation of carboxyl‐functionalized graphene nanosheets, and poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) conductive polymers, enhancing the overall conductivity of the system. The nanoengineered surface chemistry allows for compatible direct assembly of bioreceptor molecules. CoVSense offers an inexpensive (<$2 kit) and fast/digital response (<10 min), measured using a customized hand‐held reader (<$25), enabling data‐driven outbreak management. The sensor shows 95% clinical sensitivity and 100% specificity (Ct<25), and overall sensitivity of 91% for combined symptomatic/asymptomatic cohort with wildtype SARS‐CoV‐2 or B.1.1.7 variant (N = 105, nasal/throat samples). The sensor correlates the N‐protein levels to viral load, detecting high Ct values of ≈35, with no sample preparation steps, while outperforming the commercial rapid antigen tests. The current translational technology fills the gap in the workflow of rapid, point‐of‐care, and accurate diagnosis of COVID‐19.
Sex differences in associations between APOE ε2 and longitudinal cognitive decline
Authors: Wood Madeline E. , Xiong Lisa Y. , Wong Yuen Yan , Buckley Rachel F. , Swardfager Walter , Masellis Mario , Lim Andrew S. P. , Nichols Emma , Joie Renaud La , Casaletto Kaitlin B. , Kumar Raj G. , Dams‐O'Connor Kristen , Palta Priya , George Kristen M. , Satizabal Claudia L. , Barnes Lisa L. , Schneider Julie A. , Binet Alexa Pichette , Villeneuve Sylvia , Pa Judy , Brickman Adam M. , Black Sandra E. , Rabin Jennifer S. ,   for the ADNI and Prevent‐AD Research Groups
Published: March 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONWe examined whether sex modifies the association between APOE ε2 and cognitive decline in two independent samples.METHODSWe used observational data from cognitively unimpaired non‐Hispanic White (NHW) and non‐Hispanic Black (NHB) adults. Linear mixed models examined interactive associations of APOE genotype (ε2 or ε4 carrier vs. ε3/ε3) and sex on cognitive decline in NHW and NHB participants separately.RESULTSIn both Sample 1 (N = 9766) and Sample 2 (N = 915), sex modified the association between APOE ε2 and cognitive decline in NHW participants. Specifically, relative to APOE ε3/ε3, APOE ε2 protected against cognitive decline in men but not women. Among APOE ε2 carriers, men had slower decline than women. Among APOE ε3/ε3 carriers, cognitive trajectories did not differ between sexes. There were no sex‐specific associations of APOE ε2 with cognition in NHB participants (N = 2010).DISCUSSIONIn NHW adults, APOE ε2 may protect men but not women against cognitive decline.Highlights
We studied sex‐specific apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε2 effects on cognitive decline.
In non‐Hispanic White (NHW) adults, APOE ε2 selectively protects men against decline.
Among men, APOE ε2 was more protective than APOE ε3/ε3.
In women, APOE ε2 was no more protective than APOE ε3/ε3.
Among APOE ε2 carriers, men had slower decline than women.
There were no sex‐specific APOE ε2 effects in non‐Hispanic Black (NHB) adults.
Anderson Localization in Dissipative Lattices
Authors: Longhi Stefano 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAnderson localization predicts that wave spreading in disordered lattices can come to a complete halt, providing a universal mechanism for dynamical localization. In the one‐dimensional Hermitian Anderson model with uncorrelated diagonal disorder, there is a one‐to‐one correspondence between dynamical localization and spectral localization, that is, the exponential localization of all the Hamiltonian eigenfunctions. This correspondence can be broken when dealing with disordered dissipative lattices. When the system exchanges particles with the surrounding environment and random fluctuations of the dissipation are introduced, spectral localization is observed but without dynamical localization. Previous studies consider lattices with mixed conservative (Hamiltonian) and dissipative dynamics and are restricted to a semiclassical analysis. However, Anderson localization in purely dissipative lattices, displaying an entirely Lindbladian dynamics, remains largely unexplored. Here the purely‐dissipative Anderson model in the framework of a Lindblad master equation is considered, and it is shown that, akin to the semiclassical models with conservative hopping and random dissipation, one observes dynamical delocalization in spite of strong spectral localization of the Liouvillian superoperator. This result is very distinct from delocalization observed in the Anderson model with dephasing, where dynamical delocalization arises from the delocalization of the stationary state of the Liouvillian.
Synthesis and molecular docking of novel fluorescent alkoxy‐substituted iodobiphenyl analogues
Authors: Alahmdi Mohammed Issa 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNew fluorescent iodobiphenyl ethers bearing para‐alkyloxy functional groups of diverse alkyl tail lengths were synthesized. The synthesis process was simply accomplished via an alkali‐assisted reaction of aliphatic alcohols with hydroxyl‐substituted iodobiphenyls. The molecular structures of the prepared iodobiphenyl ethers were determined using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Both absorption and fluorescence spectra proved solvatochromic activity. The synthesized alkyloxy‐substituted iodobiphenyl analogues were tested for antioxidant effectiveness using 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) methodology. The antioxidant outcomes demonstrated that the longest hydrocarbon chain‐containing substituted iodobiphenyl analogues had a high efficacy with over an IC50 = 21.26 ± 0.36 μg/ml. Alkyloxy‐substituted iodobiphenyl analogues also underwent docking operations over the 5IKQ protein.
On the Quantum Yield Determination of UV Emitting Up‐Converters
Authors: Schröder Franziska , Pues Patrick , Enseling David , Jüstel Thomas 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis work deals with the determination of the external quantum yield of some selected inorganic up‐conversion materials, which are able to convert blue light, as typically emitted using blue (In,Ga)N LEDs, into UV radiation. Recently, these materials have drawn tremendous attention due to their potential application in antimicrobial coatings of surfaces. To judge the viability of this approach to reduce the density of germs onto arbitrary surfaces upon indoor or outdoor illumination, the quantum efficiency for the conversion of blue light into UV is of large interest. We found that the quantum efficiency is between about 0.1% and 1%, which might be good enough if the illumination of the respective surface is performed for several hours. Then, a relevant reduction of the number of active microorganisms per area can be achieved.
Identification of 1‐phenoxy‐3‐(piperazin‐1‐yl)propan‐2‐ol derivatives as novel triple reuptake inhibitors
Authors: Ashrafuzzaman Md. , Ji Su Hyun , Ahn Hyomin , Chung Hwan Won , Choi Daeun , Park Ju Jin , Go Minji , Pyo Jung In , Shafioul Azam Sharif Mohammed , Lee Duck‐Hyung , Chi Sung‐Gil , Song Chiman , Cheong Chan Seong , Han Seo‐Jung 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNovel 1‐phenoxy‐3‐(piperazin‐1‐yl)propan‐2‐ol derivatives were designed and synthesized as potential triple reuptake inhibitors, which simultaneously inhibit serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine transporters (SERT, NET, and DAT, respectively). Through neurotransmitter transporter uptake assays, inhibitory activities of 1‐phenoxy‐3‐(piperazin‐1‐yl)propan‐2‐ol derivatives were evaluated. We discovered compound 19 exhibited the most potent inhibitory activities against all three monoamine neurotransmitter transporters and the IC50 values of 19 against SERT, NET, and DAT were determined. In addition, binding modes of 19 with SERT, NET, and DAT were predicted by docking studies.
Effect of febuxostat on the level of malondialdehyde‐modified low‐density lipoprotein, an oxidative stress marker: A subanalysis of the PRIZE study
Authors: Teragawa Hiroki , Tanaka Atsushi , Fujii Yuichi , Yoshida Hisako , Ueda Tomohiro , Nomura Shuichi , Kadokami Toshiaki , Koide Hisashi , Saito Makoto , Sano Hiroaki , Bando Yasuko K. , Murohara Toyoaki , Node Koichi ,   for the PRIZE Study Investigators
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundFebuxostat is a selective xanthine oxidase inhibitor that reportedly exhibits antioxidant properties. We previously performed a multicentre, randomized controlled (PRIZE) study for vascular evaluation under uric acid (UA) control by febuxostat to investigate the progression of carotid lesions in asymptomatic hyperuricemic patients with carotid atherosclerosis for 2 years.HypothesisThe current subanalysis of the PRIZE study aimed to assess the effect of febuxostat on the level of malondialdehyde‐modified low‐density lipoprotein (MDA‐LDL), an oxidative stress marker.MethodsWe recruited 383 patients (febuxostat group, n = 200; control group, n = 183) from the PRIZE trial for whom MDA‐LDL measurements were available. The UA, MDA‐LDL, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C) levels, and MDA‐LDL/LDL‐C ratio were identified, represented as the estimated difference from baseline to 24 months. We also evaluated the relationship between febuxostat dose (10, ≤20 to <40, and ≤40 to ≤60 mg) and changes in the MDA‐LDL level, LDL‐C level, or MDA‐LDL/LDL‐C ratios.ResultsThe estimated change in MDA‐LDL/LDL‐C ratio from baseline to 24 months was significantly lower in the febuxostat group than in the control group (p = .025), whereas the estimated changes in MDA‐LDL (p = .235) and LDL‐C (p = .323) levels did not differ between the two groups. No significant correlation existed between the febuxostat doses and the estimated change in the MDA‐LDL level (p = .626), LDL‐C level (p = .896), or MDA‐LDL/LDL‐C ratio (p = .747).ConclusionsOur findings may indicate a possibility that febuxostat can lower the MDA‐LDL/LDL‐C ratio, a potential marker of atherosclerosis and oxidative stress, in asymptomatic hyperuricemic patients with carotid atherosclerosis. Further studies are required to validate our findings and elucidate the clinical antioxidant effect of febuxostat.