bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Potential Roles of Transacylation in Intracellular Lipolysis and Related Qssa Approximations
Authors: Eliaš Ján , Fellner Klemens , Hofer Peter , Oberer Monika , Schreiber Renate , Zechner Rudolf 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFatty acids (FAs) are crucial energy metabolites, signalling molecules, and membrane building blocks for a wide range of organisms. Adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) is the first and presumingly most crucial regulator of FA release from triacylglycerols (TGs) stored within cytosolic lipid droplets. However, besides the function of releasing FAs by hydrolysing TGs into diacylglycerols (DGs), ATGL also promotes the transacylation reaction of two DG molecules into one TG and one monoacylglycerol molecule. To date, it is unknown whether DG transacylation is a coincidental byproduct of ATGL-mediated lipolysis or whether it is physiologically relevant. Experimental evidence is scarce since both, hydrolysis and transacylation, rely on the same active site of ATGL and always occur in parallel in an ensemble of molecules. This paper illustrates the potential roles of transacylation. It shows that, depending on the kinetic parameters but also on the state of the hydrolytic machinery, transacylation can increase or decrease downstream products up to 80% respectively 30%. We provide an extensive asymptotic analysis including quasi-steady-state approximations (QSSA) with higher order correction terms and provide numerical simulation. We also argue that when assessing the validity of QSSAs one should include parameter sensitivity derivatives. Our results suggest that the transacylation function of ATGL is of biological relevance by providing feedback options and altogether stability to the lipolytic machinery in adipocytes.
SWEL: A Domain-Specific Language for Modeling Data-Intensive Workflows
Authors: Salado-Cid Rubén , Vallecillo Antonio , Munir Kamram , Romero José Raúl 
Published: August 2023

AbstractData-intensive applications aim at discovering valuable knowledge from large amounts of data coming from real-world sources. Typically, workflow languages are used to specify these applications, and their associated engines enable the execution of the specifications. However, as these applications become commonplace, new challenges arise. Existing workflow languages are normally platform-specific, which severely hinders their interoperability with other languages and execution engines. This also limits their reusability outside the platforms for which they were originally defined. Following the Design Science Research methodology, the paper presents SWEL (Scientific Workflow Execution Language). SWEL is a domain-specific modeling language for the specification of data-intensive workflows that follow the model-driven engineering principles, covering the high-level definition of tasks, information sources, platform requirements, and mappings to the target technologies. SWEL is platform-independent, enables collaboration among data scientists across multiple domains and facilitates interoperability. The evaluation results show that SWEL is suitable enough to represent the concepts and mechanisms of commonly used data-intensive workflows. Moreover, SWEL facilitates the development of related technologies such as editors, tools for exchanging knowledge assets between workflow management systems, and tools for collaborative workflow development.
From ‘the dirtiest to the best water’ in Romania. Public health, sanitary diplomacy and water in Sulina (1890s-1914)
Authors: Ardeleanu Constantin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn the late nineteenth century, Sulina, a settlement of about 10,000 inhabitants, was Romania’s busiest port. Located at the mouth of the only navigable branch of the Danube, the town held a strategic position along South-Eastern European transportation corridors, being the gateway of Lower Danubian trade and shipping. But Sulina was also a hydrobiological melting pot of natural and anthropogenic water flows carried by the Danube, the Black Sea’s currents, and the tanks and bilges of the thousands of ships that came to load their cargoes in the local harbour and roadstead. With advances in the science of bacteriology, provisioning Sulina with safe urban water became a Romanian and international public health priority. Investments in the town’s water supply and sanitation are a fascinating, yet little-known episode of sanitary internationalism, in which several actors in Romania and Europe cooperated – institutionally, technologically and financially – in the attempt to bring sanitary civilisation to one of Europe’s most crucial commercial and epidemiological gateways. In line with similar interest for water, disease and urban infrastructure in a peripheral (quasi-colonial) context, this paper will be illustrative for the growing debates in Romania around the quality of water in the context of the larger hygiene movement. The rhetoric of ‘improvement’ and ‘progress’ in providing access to safe drinking water, stemming from the idea that ‘uncleanliness with all its consequences comes mainly from lack of water’, was accompanied by calls for the construction of modern water infrastructure.
Effective lane width analysis for autonomous trucks
Authors: Fahad Mohammad , Nagy Richard 
Published: August 2023

AbstractLateral wander of autonomous truck can be further improved by optimizing the uniform wander. Increase in available lane width for the autonomous trucks can increase the performance efficiency of this mode. This research is based on finding the optimum, combination of lane width increment and asphalt layer thickness reduction among different scenarios. Therefore, In this research with assumed maximum lane width of 4.35 m, difference combination of lane width and asphalt layer thickness scenarios have been analyzed using finite element modelling in ABAQUS. Considering the base pavement width of 3.75 m, increment for each scenario is 15 cm and reduction in asphalt layer thickness is at 2 cm. Performance efficiency of each scenario is conducted while considering the initial construction costs and damage assessment for each scenario. Moreover, life cycle cost analysis (LCCA) is conducted for the base scenario and selected optimum scenario. Results show that increase in pavement width beyond 4.2 m, renders the scenarios uneconomical and thus, the scenario consisting of 4.2 m lane width and 16 cm asphalt layer thickness yield a maximum performance efficiency of 20% among all other alternatives. LCCA analysis shows that a difference in salvage value of 42 million Euros exists when compared with the base scenario. By selecting the optimum lane width of 4.2 m and asphalt layer thickness of 16 cm, Pavement lifetime can be further increased by 13 years with full depth reclamation used as maintenance intervention.
Digital Health Technologies in Clinical Trials: An Ontology-Driven Analysis to Inform Digital Sustainability Policies
Authors: Hey Spencer Phillips , Dellapina Maria , Lindquist Kristin , Hartog Bert , LaRoche Jason 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Digital health technologies (DHTs) can facilitate the execution of de-centralized trials that can offer opportunities to reduce the burden on participants, collect outcome data in a real-world setting, and potentially make trial populations more diverse and inclusive. However, DHTs can also be a significant source of electronic waste (e-waste). In recognition of the potential health and environmental impact from DHT use in trials, private and public institutions have recently launched initiatives to help measure and manage this e-waste. But in order to develop sound e-waste management policies, it will be necessary to first estimate the current volume of e-waste that results from the use of DHTs in trials.

Materials and Methods
A Web Ontology Language (OWL)-compliant ontology of DHTs was created using a list of 500 DHT device names derived from a mixture of public and private sources. The U.S. clinical trials registry, ClinicalTrials.gov, was then queried to identify and classify trials using any of the devices in the ontology. The ClinicalTrials.gov records from this search were then analyzed to characterize the volume and properties of trials using DHTs, as well as estimating the total volume of individual DHT units that have been provisioned (or are planned to be provisioned) for clinical research.

Results
Our ontology-driven search identified 2326 unique clinical trials with a reported “actual” enrollment of 200,947 participants and a “planned” enrollment of an additional 4,094,748 participants. The most-used class of DHTs in our ontology was “wearables,” (1852 trials), largely driven by the use of smart watches and other wrist-worn sensors (estimated to involve 149,391 provisioned devices). The most-used subtype of DHTs in trials was “subcutaneous” devices (367 trials), driven by the prevalent use and testing of glucose monitors (estimated to involve 17,666 provisioned devices).

Conclusion
Thousands of trials, involving hundreds of thousands of devices, have already been completed, and many more trials (potentially involving millions more devices) are planned. Despite the great opportunities that are afforded by DHTs to the clinical trial enterprise, if the industry lacks the ability to track DHT use with sufficient resolution, the result is likely to be a great deal of e-waste. A new ontology of DHTs, combined with rigorous data science methods like those described in this paper, can be used to provide better information across the industry, and in turn, help create a more sustainable and equitable clinical trials enterprise.
Leg length discrepancy complications from osteotomy procedures in pediatric developmental dysplasia of the hip: A systematic review
Authors: Muhammad Hilmi , Saraswati Paramita Ayu , Ismiarto Adrian Fakhri , Ismiarto Yoyos Dias 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Background
In pediatric patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH), leg discrepancy may occur from treatment complications or from the treatment itself. Surgeons should be mindful that performing osteotomies with the purpose of providing better pelvic joint fit comes with risks of unequal bone growth. This article aimed to systematically review the reported leg length discrepancy (LLD) as a potential complication from osteotomy procedures in surgical treatment of pediatric patients with DDH.

Methods
This systematic review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and MetaAnalyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The study protocol was registered on the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews. A comprehensive search was performed on PubMed (MEDLINE), Scopus, the Cochrane Library and Europe PubMed Central in March 2022. Studies reporting outcomes of leg length discrepancy after osteotomy was performed were the main inclusion criteria. Quality and risk of bias assessment were performed by individual reviewers.

Results
From existing literatures, a total of eight studies were included in the review. From the data extracted, a total of 94 cases of DDH reported various LLD from 836 published cases with mean incidence of 11.2%. According to the patients’ age when the operation was performed, LLD of 2.20 cm was reported from the youngest patient operated on at 1.6 years old and LLD of 1.50 cm from the oldest patient operated on at 18 years old. The median LLD across the included studies was 1.30 cm. Limitations to this systematic review include study risk of bias, LLD reporting inconsistencies and assumptions when extracting the data which might have caused abnormal data distribution. Since no agreement exists regarding how much discrepancy between limb lengths is considered pathological, reports of cases and management of LLD vary widely. These results underline the importance of creating specific criteria to classify LLD severity and recommend appropriate treatment. WC:298.

Highlights
The Dermatological Effects of Box Jellyfish Envenomation in Stinging Victims in Thailand: Underestimated Severity
Authors: Thaikruea Lakkana 
Published: August 2023

Introduction The dermatological effects of box jellyfish envenomation among stinging victims in Thailand are not well reported, particularly concerning chronic effects. For first aid, different recommendations indicate the necessity for the removal of tentacles in life-threatening situations. This study aimed to describe the dermatological effects of box jellyfish envenomation and propose recommendations regarding first aid for victims in urgent care or life-threatening situations. Methods Surveillance systems and Toxic Jellyfish Networks were established to improve detection and investigation. The networks investigated all severe victims of jellyfish envenomation. A retrospective study was conducted, and victims of stinging by box jellyfish investigated from 1999 to 2021 were included. Results One hundred and twenty-four victims were recorded. The majority of victims were males (55%), tourists (69%), and Thai nationals (49%). Direct contact had more severe consequences than indirect contact. Dermatological effects included edema, erythematous caterpillar track–like rash, blistering, bullae, papular eruption, necrosis, digital gangrene, recurrent dermatitis, dermal hypersensitivity, numbness, lichenification, hyperpigmentation, keloids, and scarring. Suffering and healing continued from several weeks to many years. Victims with multiple-tentacle box jellyfish stings had papular eruptions and greater severity of skin issues. All fatally envenomed victims collapsed within a few minutes and received incorrect/no first aid. The proposed first aid for life-threatening box jellyfish stings is continuous irrigation of the wound with vinegar for at least 30 s and initiation of cardiopulmonary resuscitation if there is no respiration or heartbeat. Tentacles often detach spontaneously, and removal is not always necessary, thus saving time. Conclusions The findings provide input for improving diagnosis and treatment guidelines.
Palmar Shift of the Proximal Interphalangeal Joint in Different Grip Positions as a Potential Risk Factor for Periphyseal Injuries in Adolescent Climbers
Authors: Bärtschi Natalie , Scheibler Anne-Gita , Schweizer Andreas 
Published: August 2023

Introduction The aim of this study was to evaluate different grip positions as a contributing factor for primary periphyseal stress injuries of the finger phalanges in climbing. Methods Ultrasound imaging of the proximal interphalangeal joint was performed on 37 asymptomatic adolescent climbers. Longitudinal images were obtained of middle and ring fingers of both hands in different grip positions (open, half-open, and crimp), unloaded and loaded. The translation between the dorsal head of the proximal phalanx and the shaft of the middle phalanx was measured in an unloaded and loaded situation for all grip positions. The resulting difference was determined as the palmar shift. Results The mean age of the study population was 13 y. Results showed a palmar shift of 0.57 mm in a loaded crimp grip position compared to 0.13 mm in an open position and 0.20 mm in a half-open grip position. With a P value of <0.001, this shift was significantly higher in a crimp grip position compared to open or half-open grip positions. Conclusions This leads to an increase in joint incongruity and much higher peak forces on the dorsal aspect of the epiphyseal-physeal-metaphyseal complex, which is particularly vulnerable during the adolescent growth spurt. Thus, climbing and training behavior should be adapted accordingly during this phase by avoiding the crimp grip position until epiphyseal fusion.
Vision-based dirt distribution mapping using deep learning
Authors: Singh Ishneet Sukhvinder , Wijegunawardana I. D. , Samarakoon S. M. Bhagya P. , Muthugala M. A. Viraj J. , Elara Mohan Rajesh 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCleaning is a fundamental routine task in human life that is now handed over to leading-edge technologies such as robotics and artificial intelligence. Various floor-cleaning robots have been developed with different cleaning functionalities, such as vacuuming and scrubbing. However, failures can occur when a robot tries to clean an incompatible dirt type. These situations will not only reduce the efficiency of the robot but also impose severe damage to the robots. Therefore, developing effective methods to classify the cleaning tasks performed in different regions and assign them to the respective cleaning agent has become a trending research domain. This article proposes a vision-based system that employs YOLOv5 and DeepSORT algorithms to detect and classify dirt to create a dirt distribution map that indicates the regions to be assigned for different cleaning requirements. This map would be useful for a collaborative cleaning framework for deploying each cleaning robot to its respective region to achieve an uninterrupted and energy-efficient operation. The proposed method can be executed with any mobile robot and on any surface and dirt, achieving high accuracy of 81.0%, for dirt indication in the dirt distribution map.
Lysophosphatidylglucoside/GPR55 signaling promotes foam cell formation in human M2c macrophages
Authors: Shimai Ryosuke , Hanafusa Kei , Nakayama Hitoshi , Oshima Eriko , Kato Masaki , Kano Koki , Matsuo Ichiro , Miyazaki Tetsuro , Tokano Takashi , Hirabayashi Yoshio , Iwabuchi Kazuhisa , Minamino Tohru 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAtherosclerosis is a major cause of cerebral and cardiovascular diseases. Intravascular plaques, a well-known pathological finding of atherosclerosis, have a necrotic core composed of macrophages and dead cells. Intraplaque macrophages, which are classified into various subtypes, play key roles in maintenance of normal cellular microenvironment. Excessive uptake of oxidized low-density lipoprotein causes conversion of macrophages to foam cells, and consequent progression/exacerbation of atherosclerosis. G-protein-coupled receptor 55 (GPR55) signaling has been reported to associate with atherosclerosis progression. We demonstrated recently that lysophosphatidylglucoside (lysoPtdGlc) is a specific ligand of GPR55, although in general physiological ligands of GPR55 are poorly understood. Phosphatidylglucoside is expressed on human monocytes and can be converted to lysoPtdGlc. In the present study, we examined possible involvement of lysoPtdGlc/GPR55 signaling in foam cell formation. In monocyte-derived M2c macrophages, lysoPtdGlc/GPR55 signaling inhibited translocation of ATP binding cassette subfamily A member 1 to plasma membrane, and cholesterol efflux. Such inhibitory effect was reversed by GPR55 antagonist ML193. LysoPtdGlc/GPR55 signaling in M2c macrophages was involved in excessive lipid accumulation, thereby promoting foam cell formation. Our findings suggest that lysoPtdGlc/GPR55 signaling is a potential therapeutic target for inhibition of atherosclerosis progression.
An application of stereo matching algorithm based on transfer learning on robots in multiple scenes
Authors: Bi Yuanwei , Li Chuanbiao , Tong Xiangrong , Wang Guohui , Sun Haiwei 
Published: August 2023

AbstractRobot vision technology based on binocular vision holds tremendous potential for development in various fields, including 3D scene reconstruction, target detection, and autonomous driving. However, current binocular vision methods used in robotics engineering have limitations such as high costs, complex algorithms, and low reliability of the generated disparity map in different scenes. To overcome these challenges, a cross-domain stereo matching algorithm for binocular vision based on transfer learning was proposed in this paper, named Cross-Domain Adaptation and Transfer Learning Network (Ct-Net), which has shown valuable results in multiple robot scenes. First, this paper introduces a General Feature Extractor to extract rich general feature information for domain adaptive stereo matching tasks. Then, a feature adapter is used to adapt the general features to the stereo matching network. Furthermore, a Domain Adaptive Cost Optimization Module is designed to optimize the matching cost. A disparity score prediction module was also embedded to adaptively adjust the search range of disparity and optimize the cost distribution. The overall framework was trained using a phased strategy, and ablation experiments were conducted to verify the effectiveness of the training strategy. Compared with the prototype PSMNet, on KITTI 2015 benchmark, the 3PE-fg of Ct-Net in all regions and non-occluded regions decreased by 19.3 and 21.1% respectively, meanwhile, on the Middlebury dataset, the proposed algorithm improves the sample error rate at least 28.4%, which is the Staircase sample. The quantitative and qualitative results obtained from Middlebury, Apollo, and other datasets demonstrate that Ct-Net significantly improves the cross-domain performance of stereo matching. Stereo matching experiments in real-world scenes have shown that it can effectively address visual tasks in multiple scenes.
A comprehensive review of recent advances in optimal allocation methods for distributed renewable generation
Authors: Tercan Said Mirza , Demirci Alpaslan , Unutmaz Yesim Esra , Elma Onur , Yumurtaci Recep 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDistributed generation (DG) has a key role in enlarging the implementation of renewable energy resources (RES). However, the intermittent and uncontrollable nature of RES can lead to several severe power quality‐related issues. Therefore, many efforts have been made to overcome these issues by optimizing DG sizes and locations. Hence, optimal DG allocation (ODGA) is significant for DG performance and provides advantages to the power system, such as improved power quality, voltage stability, reliability, and profitability. This study reviews recent ODGA studies eliminating the main DG integration problems. Often used ODGA methods have been categorized, and the main differences have been discussed, giving the details of features of optimization methods such as convergence performance and computational burden. A deep analysis for categorizing the objectives of ODGA has been done. In addition, optimization methods applied in ODGA studies have been presented by comparing the superiorities of algorithms and validated test network models. The objectives and significant findings of the ODGA applications are summarized with the advantages and disadvantages. It can be concluded that ODGA has a critical role in RES integration on the DG side and in reducing carbon emissions. This paper leads and provides a perspective for researchers working on recent ODGA methods.