bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Computed Tomography‐Based Radiomics and Genomics Analyses for Survival Prediction of Stage III Unresectable Non‐Small Cell Lung Cancer Treated With Definitive Chemoradiotherapy and Immunotherapy
Authors: Geng Yuxin , Yin Tianwen , Li Yikun , He Kaixing , Zou Bingwen , Yu Jinming , Sun Xiao , Zhang Tao , Teng Feifei 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe standard therapy for locally unresectable advanced non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is comprised of chemoradiotherapy (CRT) before immunotherapy (IO) consolidation. However, how to predict treatment outcomes and recognize patients that will benefit from IO remain unclear. This study aimed to identify prognostic biomarkers by integrating computed tomography (CT)‐based radiomics and genomics. Specifically, our research involved 165 patients suffering from unresectable Stage III NSCLC. Cohort 1 (IO following CRT) was divided into D1 (n = 74), D2 (n = 32), and D3 (n = 26) sets, and the remaining 33 patients treated with CRT alone were grouped in D4. According to the CT images of primary tumor regions, radiomic features were analyzed through the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression. The Rad‐score was figured out to forecast the progression‐free survival (PFS). According to the Rad‐score, patients were divided into high and low risk groups. Next‐generation sequencing was implemented on peripheral blood and tumor tissue samples in the D3 and D4 cohorts. The maximum somatic allele frequency (MSAF) about circulating tumor DNA levels was assessed. Mismatch repair and switching/sucrose non‐fermenting signaling pathways were significantly enriched in the low‐risk group compared to the high‐risk group (p < 0.05). Moreover, patients with MSAF ≥ 1% and those showing a decrease in MSAF after treatment significantly benefited from IO. This study developed a radiomics model predicting PFS after CRT and IO in Stage III NSCLC and constructed a radio‐genomic map to identify underlying biomarkers, supplying valuable insights for cancer biology.
VPS45 Contributes to the Progression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Triggering the Wnt/β‐Catenin Signaling Pathway
Authors: Zhi Renhou , Li Qi , Zhang Huiqin , Fan Fan 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTVacuolar protein sorting 45 (VPS45) has recently been implicated in the development of ovarian cancer and non‐small cell lung cancer. However, its role in the onset and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear. This study aims to elucidate the function of VPS45 in HCC. Bioassays were conducted to assess the prognostic significance of VPS45 in HCC. Techniques such as western blotting and real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) were used to confirm the expression levels of VPS45 in HCC tissues and cell lines, as well as to evaluate the expression of downstream effectors in its potential tumorigenic pathways. The impact of VPS45 on HCC cell invasion, proliferation, and migration was assessed using the Cell Counting Kit‐8 (CCK‐8), wound healing, and transwell assays. Furthermore, the effect of VPS45 on HCC tumorigenesis in vivo was evaluated through subcutaneous tumor formation assays in BALB/c nude mice. VPS45 is markedly overexpressed in both HCC tissues and cell lines. Its expression escalates with advancing tumor grade and clinical stage, and high VPS45 levels are indicative of poor prognosis. In vitro experiments revealed that VPS45 overexpression significantly boosts HCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Conversely, VPS45 knockdown hindered HCC progression in vivo. Investigation into pathway protein expression suggests that VPS45 facilitates HCC progression through its involvement in the Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway. The overexpression of VPS45 contributes to the development of malignant phenotypes in HCC cells, resulting in a poor prognosis. Targeting VPS45 may offer a viable therapeutic strategy for managing HCC.
Exploration of Soliton Solutions for the Kaup–Newell Model Using Two Integration Schemes in Mathematical Physics
Authors: Kopçasız Bahadır , Nur Kaya Sağlam Fatma 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis research deals with the Kaup–Newell model, a class of nonlinear Schrödinger equations with important applications in plasma physics and nonlinear optics. Soliton solutions are essential for analyzing nonlinear wave behaviors in different physical systems, and the Kaup–Newell model is also significant in this context. The model's ability to represent subpicosecond pulses makes it a significant tool for the research of nonlinear optics and plasma physics. Overall, the Kaup–Newell model is an important research domain in these areas, with ongoing efforts focused on understanding its various solutions and potential applications. A new version of the generalized exponential rational function method and ‐expansion function method are utilized to discover diverse soliton solutions. The generalized exponential rational function method facilitates the generation of multiple solution types, including singular, shock, singular periodic, exponential, combo trigonometric, and hyperbolic solutions in mixed forms. Thanks to ‐expansion function method, we obtain trigonometric, hyperbolic, and rational solutions. The modulation instability of the proposed model is examined, with numerical simulations complementing the analytical results to provide a better understanding of the solutions' dynamic behavior. These results offer a foundation for future research, making the solutions effective, manageable, and reliable for tackling complex nonlinear problems. The methodologies used in this study are robust, influential, and practicable for diverse nonlinear partial differential equations; to our knowledge, for this equation, these methods of investigation have not been explored before. The accuracy of each solution has been verified using the Maple software program.
Stability of the Rao–Nakra Sandwich Beam With a Dissipation of Fractional Derivative Type: Theoretical and Numerical Study
Authors: Ammari K. , Komornik V. , Sepúlveda M. , Vera O. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis paper is devoted to the solution and stability of a one‐dimensional model depicting Rao–Nakra sandwich beams, incorporating damping terms characterized by fractional derivative types within the domain, specifically a generalized Caputo derivative with exponential weight. To address existence, uniqueness, stability, and numerical results, fractional derivatives are substituted by diffusion equations relative to a new independent variable, , resulting in an augmented model with a dissipative semigroup operator. Polynomial decay of energy is achieved, with a decay rate depending on the fractional derivative parameters. Both the polynomial decay and its dependency on the parameters of the generalized Caputo derivative are numerically validated. To this end, an energy‐conserving finite difference numerical scheme is employed.
Equivalences of Nonlinear Higher Order Fractional Differential Equations With Integral Equations
Authors: Lan Kunquan 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTEquivalences of initial value problems (IVPs) of both nonlinear higher order (Riemann–Liouville type) fractional differential equations (FDEs) and Caputo FDEs with the corresponding integral equations are studied in this paper. It is proved that the nonlinearities in the FDEs can be ‐Carathéodory with suitable conditions. The new results generalize the previous results which assumed that the nonlinearities are continuous. For the Caputo FDEs, it is shown in this paper that the continuity assumptions on the nonlinearities used in the literature before are not sufficient for the obtained equivalences. A counterexample is provided to exhibit this. The previous equivalence results with the continuity assumptions alone in the literature have been widely used to study the existence of solutions and numerical solutions of the Caputo FDEs up to now, so according to the new results obtained in this paper, there are no guarantees that the solutions of the integral equations obtained in the literature are the solutions of the Caputo FDEs. New conditions which are stronger than continuity are provided to ensure the equivalences. Sufficient conditions for solutions of the integral equations to be solutions of the Caputo FDEs are obtained. The new equivalence results and the sufficient conditions will be useful for further studying the existence of solutions and numerical solutions of the nonlinear Caputo FDEs via the corresponding integral equations.
Classification and Pixel Change Detection of Brain Tumor Using Adam Kookaburra Optimization–Based Shepard Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Abirami S. , Ramesh K. , Lalitha VaniSree K. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe uncommon growth of cells in the brain is termed as brain tumor. To identify chronic nerve problems, like strokes, brain tumors, multiple sclerosis, and dementia, brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is normally utilized. Identifying the tumor on early stage can improve the patient's survival rate. However, it is difficult to identify the exact tumor region with less computational complexity. Also, the tumors can vary significantly in shape, size, and appearance, which complicates the task of correctly classifying tumor types and detecting subtle pixel changes over time. Hence, an Adam kookaburra optimization–based Shepard convolutional neural network (AKO‐based Shepard CNN) is established in this study for the classification and pixel change detection of brain tumor. The Adam kookaburra optimization (AKO) is established by integrating the kookaburra optimization algorithm (KOA) and Adam. Here, the pre‐ and post‐operative MRIs are pre‐processed and then segmented by U‐Net++. The tuning of U‐Net++ is done by the bald Border collie firefly optimization algorithm (BBCFO). The bald eagle search (BES), firefly algorithm (FA), and Border collie optimization (BCO) are combined to form the BBCFO. The next operation is the feature extraction and the classification is conducted at last using ShCNN. The AKO is utilized to tune the ShCNN for obtaining effective classification results. Unlike conventional optimization algorithms, AKO offers faster convergence and higher accuracy in classification. The highest negative predictive value (NPV), true negative rate (TNR), true positive rate (TPR), positive predictive value (PPV), and accuracy produced by the AKO‐based ShCNN are 89.91%, 92.26%, 93.78%, and 93.60%, respectively, using Brain Images of Tumors for Evaluation database (BITE).
Guar Gum: Superabsorbent Hydrogels for Dye Remediation
Authors: Pal Ishika , Chopra Lalita , Ganesan Subbulakshmi , Sharma Girish Chandra , Bhowmik Abhijit , Santhosh A. Johnson 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTHydrogels are 3‐dimensional polymeric network structures that can absorb a large amount of water. The hydrogels possess remarkable hydrophilic characteristics, biocompatibility, and a high swelling ratio making them versatile in various applications. Guar gum biopolymer derived from guar beans showed hydrogel characteristics and can be modified by derivatization, copolymerization, crosslinking, and composite formation. Superabsorbent hydrogels made from guar gum have numerous applications across various industries such as agriculture for water retention in soil, drug delivery carriers, metal ion removal sorbents, dye adsorbents, environmental applications, and wastewater treatment. Dye plays an important role in water pollution. Various methods reported to remove dyes from waste water but among all the method adsorption is the best method. The use of guar gum‐based superabsorbent hydrogels not only reduces waste but also promotes the development of ecofriendly and resource‐efficient materials. This review mainly focuses on the properties of guar gum biopolymer, its modifications and its employability in various separation and enrichment techniques.
Designing Bouligand‐inspired reinforcement for creating wood fiber‐reinforced composites with excellent bending properties
Authors: He Jianmin , Cao Zhiguo , Zhang Yuhui , Hu Yingcheng 
Published: January 2025

AbstractFiber‐reinforced composites with a bionic Bouligand structure are known for their excellent mechanical properties. Currently, most of the research in this field focuses on man‐made fibers, and research on natural unidirectional fiber materials is still limited. This paper designing Bouligand‐inspired reinforcement for creating wood fiber‐reinforced composites. We investigate the effects of the helix angle on the bending properties, impact resistance and extreme environments of the material through a combination of experimental methods, finite element analysis, and theoretical modeling. Morphological analysis using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to further explore fracture mechanisms. The findings reveal that the load–displacement curves predicted by the finite element method closely align with the experimental results. The bionic composites demonstrate not only strong bending properties but also significant impact resistance. Notably, the highest bending strength, bending modulus, and impact strength were achieved at a small helix angle of 12.8°, reaching values of 184.66 MPa, 10.21 GPa and 28.03 kJ/m2. The bouligand structure is designed to withstand extreme environments. This research significantly expands the potential applications of the bionic Bouligand structure within the realm of wood fiber‐reinforced composites.Highlights
Preparation of Bouloigand‐like composites utilizing wood.
Helix stacking angle affects the performance of WFRCs.
Finite element analysis was employed to predict the mechanical properties.
“Green” composites exhibit exceptional mechanical properties.
Expanding the application areas of wood fiber‐reinforced composites.
Nanofibers based on MEH‐PPV‐P3HT: Elaboration and characterization
Authors: Mbarek M. , Ltayef M. , Almoneef M. , Alimi K. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractOne‐dimensional polymer‐based nano‐structures such as nanofibers and nanotubes are intensively investigated since they show improved properties, as well as new paradigms for optical, optoelectronic, and photonic devices. The main objective of this work is oriented to synthesize of nanofibers based on a new conjugated copolymer MEHPPV‐P3HT. In this direction, the synthesis procedure of MEHPPV‐P3HT nanofibers and nanotubes is presented in detail. Interestingly, the morphological, structural, and vibrational studies of the elaborated nanofibers are achieved. They show that MEHPPV‐P3HT impregnated nanofibers begin as solid cylinders and end up as nanotubes with a nominal diameter of nearly 200 nm. The confinement effect or nanostructuration effect seems to be signed and appears in the large changes in photophysical properties. Stationary and transient photoluminescence reveal a new molecular arrangement and an enhancement of exciton average life time that is doubled in nanofibers with respect to the film.Highlights
Nanostructuring of MEHPPV‐P3HT nanofibers by template method
Morphological and spectroscopic characterization of confined nanofibers
Effects of nanometric confinement on photophysical properties
Enhancing exciton lifetimes in MEHPPV‐P3HT nanofibers
Cross‐titration from risperidone to clozapine utilizing clozapine serum concentrations: A case report
Authors: Centanni Nicolette , Garvey Kayla , Mullany Elizabeth , Nichols Stephanie 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIntroductionClozapine and risperidone are second‐generation antipsychotics used in the treatment of schizophrenia. There are no guidelines on cross‐titration of antipsychotics and, additionally, there is a paucity of published data to support the potential utility of using serum drug levels to guide dosing in these situations.Case ReportA 68‐year‐old female patient with a history of schizophrenia, taking risperidone and fluoxetine, and a recent diagnosis of Parkinson's disease was admitted to the hospital after a fall at home. During the patient's hospital stay, utilizing serum clozapine levels as guidance, the patient was cross‐titrated from risperidone 12 mg daily to a final dose of clozapine 75 mg daily over the span of 17 days, in the setting of multiple possible drug–drug interactions.DiscussionThere is no evidence‐based guidance on transitioning patients from one antipsychotic to another especially in the setting of drug–drug interactions. In this case, the patient was successfully transitioned from risperidone to clozapine using serum clozapine levels and clinical status to guide decision‐making.ConclusionsUtilizing serum clozapine levels may be helpful in guiding dose changes during antipsychotic cross‐titration, especially when multiple drug interactions are involved.
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi increase aleurone layer zinc concentration but reduce overall zinc bioavailability in rice grain
Authors: Nguyen Thi Diem , Sai Na , Johnson Alexander A. T. , Lombi Enzo , Smith Euan , Doolette Casey L. , Cavagnaro Timothy R. , Watts‐Williams Stephanie J. 
Published: January 2025

Societal Impact StatementRice is a critical crop for the delivery of calories and essential micronutrients to the human diet. Biofortification of rice with zinc (Zn) and iron (Fe) aims to combat the health issues associated with “hidden hunger”. Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi have been explored for their potential to enhance Zn and Fe uptake in rice products. However, phytate, an anti‐nutritional compound rich in phosphorus (P), reduces the bioavailability of Zn and Fe in cereals. We investigated how AM fungal uptake of Zn, Fe and P interacts to affect bioavailability in rice and found mycorrhizal rice tends to have lower micronutrient bioavailability than non‐mycorrhizal.Summary
Micronutrients such as zinc (Zn) and iron (Fe) play a crucial role in human health. In humans, the ability for micronutrients to be absorbed in the human digestive system (i.e., bioavailability) is hindered by phytate. Accumulation of phytate in the aleurone layer of cereal grains is affected by soil characteristics, particularly the availability of phosphorus (P). Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi take up great amounts of P, but also some Zn and Fe into the host plant.
In this study, we explored how AM fungi and soil P impact grain gene expression and bioavailability of Zn and Fe in rice under aerobic, controlled‐environment growing conditions. Five rice varieties were grown with or without AM fungal inoculation (Rhizophagus irregularis), under two soil P availabilities. Samples of developing grain were taken for RNAseq analysis. At plant maturity, grain nutrition was examined on a total concentration basis, and specifically in the aleurone layer by Synchrotron x‐ray fluorescence microscopy.
The effect of AM fungi on Zn and Fe concentration was positive when only the aleurone layer was considered, but negative for whole grain concentrations. The AM‐colonised plants also accumulated more phytate in their grain compared to the non‐AM plants, leading to lower overall Zn bioavailability. Indirect effects of AM fungi on grain gene expression were small.
The impact of AM colonisation on the bioavailability of Zn and Fe in rice was dependent on whether the whole grain, or specifically the aleurone layer, were quantified. This has implications for the consumption of whole vs milled rice products for humans.
Accelerated Degradation Data Analysis Based on Gamma Process With Random Effects
Authors: Zheng Huiling , Yang Jun , Kang Wenda , Zhao Yu 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe Gamma constant‐stress accelerated degradation model is a natural model for monotonous degradation processes. However, unit heterogeneity often exists in practice, necessitating a more realistic model. This study develops a Gamma process with random effects to accurately capture accelerated degradation data for reliability analysis, encompassing both point and interval estimation. First, the Expectation‐Maximization (EM) algorithm is developed to obtain point estimates of the proposed model. Since these estimates are sensitive to initial values, potentially impacting the outcomes, an improved EM algorithm is proposed, which iteratively refines the estimation quality by executing two different M‐steps, thereby enhancing overall estimation accuracy. Secondly, given the complexity of the model and the constraint of small sample sizes and limited stress levels, a three‐step interval estimation method is devised. This method segregates the parameters into three distinct parts and addresses them individually using the generalized pivotal quantity method, which simplifies the parameter interval estimation process and enhances the estimation accuracy. Finally, simulation studies and a real example of O‐rings are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
The Impact of Learning Curve on Robotic Living Donor Nephrectomy Outcomes: Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Papa Sarah , Popovic Aleksandar , Hod Dvorai Reut , Shahbazov Rauf 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundWe aimed to investigate the outcome of patients after RDN at different time points.MethodsWe studied the outcomes of 77 living robotic living donor nephrectomies (RDN). Donors were separated into three groups: learning curve period (LCP), stabilisation period (SP), and teaching period (TP).ResultsThere were significant differences in blood loss and hospitalisation times between the three groups. Operative time was significantly shorter in the LCP group compared with the SP and TP groups (282 ± 51.6 min vs. 308 ± 38.7 min vs. 314 ± 28.7, p = 0.02). However, warm ischaemia time was shorter in the TP group compared with the LCP and SP groups (5.0 ± 3.6 min vs. 3.4 ± 3.2 min vs. 1.5 ± 1.3 min, p < 0.01). Complication rates were higher in the LCP group compared with the SP and TP groups (p = 0.04).ConclusionThis study demonstrated that RDN outcomes improve after the learning period.
Coloring Graphs From Random Lists
Authors: Hefetz Dan , Krivelevich Michael 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTGiven positive integers and a graph , a family of lists is said to be a random
‐list‐assignment if for every the list is a subset of of size , chosen uniformly at random and independently of the choices of all other vertices. An ‐vertex graph is said to be a.a.s.
‐colorable if , where is a random ‐list‐assignment. We prove that if and , where is the maximum degree of and is an integer, then is a.a.s. ‐colorable. This is not far from being the best possible, forms a continuation of the so‐called palette sparsification results, and proves in a strong sense a conjecture of Casselgren. Furthermore, we consider this problem under the additional assumption that is ‐free for some graph . For various graphs , we estimate the smallest for which any ‐free ‐vertex graph is a.a.s. ‐colorable for every . This extends and improves several results of Casselgren.
Construction of Ag2S/Ag3VO4 Heterojunction by Partial Sulfidation Technology for Visible‐light‐driven Photocatalytic RhB Degradation
Authors: Pan Yusong , He Shuhuan , Ou Linjie , Zang Shihui , Huang Run 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPhotocatalytic technology is one of the most promising technologies for wastewater treatment. In this study, an Ag2S/Ag3VO4 heterojunction was prepared by combination of in‐situ partial sulfidation and hydrothermal technologies. The photodegradation results demonstrated that the highest removal efficiency for RhB was 96% for 40%‐Ag2S/Ag3VO4 heterojunction in 6 min under visible light irradiation, which was obviously superior to that of pure Ag3VO4 (∼46% in 6 min) and Ag2S (∼1.8% in 6 min) photocatalysts. As manifested by the DSR experiment, the improved photodegradation ability of the 40%‐Ag2S/Ag3VO4 heterojunction was attributed to enhanced light absorption and excellent electron‐hole pairs separation induced by the formation of a Z‐scheme heterojunction between Ag2S and Ag3VO4. The active species capture experiments confirmed that h+ plays the important role for degradation of RhB. Furthermore, the results of photodegradation cyclic test revealed that the 40%‐Ag2S/Ag3VO4 heterojunction owned an excellent photocatalytic stability.