bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SANKSI PIDANA ANAK TERHADAP PENYALAHGUNAAN NAPZA DIKAJI DARI LEGAL JUSTICE
Authors: Rajasa Alvien Okta , Kristiyadi Kristiyadi 
Published: July 2023

<p><em>Narcotics are drugs used for the medical world for patients who have certain diseases. Of course, with the rules of use according to the instructions of the doctor concerned. However, the problem of drug abuse has become a national and international problem. Narcotics abuse can cause physical, mental, psychological, emotional and attitudinal damage in society. Children who are involved in drugs must get protection both psychologically and legally to avoid psychological disorders that may occur in children and preventive measures of stigmatization of children in conflict with the law and it is hoped that children can return to the social environment in society. The purpose of the research is an objective objective, namely to determine the suitability of the judge's assessment of the evidence in decision number 001/pid.sus-anak/2021/pn skt with the provisions of the Criminal Procedure Code and Law Number 35 of 2009 concerning Narcotics. Meanwhile, the subjective goal is to add, broaden the author's horizons and abilities in studying problems in the field of Criminal Procedure Law. The benefits of research consist of theoretical benefits and practical benefits. The theoretical benefits of the research results can be used to explore the theories that have been obtained by the author in writing legal writing. And the practical benefit is that it can provide benefits and additional knowledge for various parties in need, especially in community groups and in general and parties related to the subject matter.</em></p><p><em> <strong>Keywords:</strong> Sanctions, Child Crime, Narcotics, Legal Justice</em></p>
5 years of leaching experiments to evaluate a modified bauxite residue. Part 1: transformation into a soil and storage of immobilized heavy metals from acid mine drainage
Authors: Merdy Patricia , Parker Alexandre , Chen Chen , Hennebert Pierre 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
ALTEO company produces approximately 300,000 tons per year of bauxite residue washed and dried in a press filter, so-called Bauxaline®, after extraction of the alumina. The study explored different ways of recovery and re-use for this residue, namely transformation into a vegetated soil, acid mine drainage depollution, and sulfide-mine tailings remediation. The soluble alkalinity of the material was transformed into solid phase alkalinity by reaction with atmospheric CO2 and precipitation of carbonates in limestone following the addition of gypsum (calcium sulfate dihydrate), and the resulting sodium sulfate was leached. The Bauxaline® was so transformed into modified bauxite residue (MBR), with reduced alkalinity, salinity and sodicity. A total of sixteen lysimeters of 40 liters volume each and one lysimeter of 700 liters were set up and allowed 5-years monitoring, to assess long-term emissions from MBR and MBR having reacted with acid mine drainage. Vegetation was tested on various conditions and its impact on emission was evaluated. The emissions are compliant with EU inert waste or non-hazardous waste storage requirements. The material can be easily vegetated. This study demonstrates that red mud can be transformed into an soil, that acid mine drainage can be depolluted at pilot scale site by MBR, and that the metal-laden MBR can be stored on-site and revegetated by natural topsoil or better by MBR.
The Influencing Factors of Global Agricultural Production Efficiency and International Comparison Analysis
Authors: Wang Xiaoying , Li Tianjian , Zhang Kecheng 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Based on the panel data of agricultural input and output of 86 countries from 1981 to 2016, the study constructs the trans-logarithmic production function model to estimate the global agricultural production efficiency and its influencing factors. The results show that the current global average agricultural efficiency loss of about 57.9%. There is a big gap in agricultural production efficiency between countries of different income levels, and the higher the income levels, the higher the agricultural efficiency. The improvement of agricultural irrigation facilities, human capital level, agricultural industrial structure and agricultural R&D input may exert significant positive effects on agricultural production efficiency.
Characterizing Autoimmune Uveitis in Relation to Systemic Diseases: A Retrospective Study from a Syrian Tertiary Reference Center.
Authors: Kudsi Maysoun , Deeb Haya , Khalayli Naram , Abouharb Dani , Abouharb Lana , Al-Darwish Lama , Almajzoub Rahaf 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background: Uveitis, a notable cause of severe visual impairment, is frequently characterized as infectious or non-infectious autoimmune uveitis (AU), the latter of which is commonly associated with younger individuals and systemic diseases. Despite the condition's widespread impact, there are substantial gaps in the comprehension of its pathogenesis, clinical presentation, and therapeutic response, particularly concerning systemic disease-associated uveitis.
Aim of the Study: The current study aims to bridge these gaps through an extensive examination of demographic and clinical features in AU patients, thereby informing future research, therapeutic strategies, and improving patient outcomes.
Methods: This retrospective observational study analyzed 87 patients with systemic disease-associated uveitis from January 2018 to December 2022 in Damascus, Syria. With diagnoses made using the Standardization of Uveitis Nomenclature Working Group Criteria, the study evaluated tailored treatment efficacy at the 24-month post-treatment mark, alongside comprehensive ophthalmic examinations, laboratory evaluations, and radiographic assessments.
Results: In our study included 87 patients with Systemic Disease-Associated Autoimmune Uveitis (SDA-AU). Women represented 64.36% of this group, and the mean age at diagnosis was 43.8 for women and 39.8 for men. The most reported symptom was a painful red eye (52.87%). The onset of symptoms was sudden for 32.18% of patients, while 67.81% reported gradual development. Complications occurred in 33.33% of patients, including cataracts (41.37% of those with complications) and glaucoma (17.24%). Laboratory evaluations showed elevated inflammation markers in 66.66% of patients. Upon the 24-month assessment, 48.27% of patients achieved complete remission, 37.93% showed significant improvement, while disease worsened in 13.79% of cases.
Conclusion: Our findings demonstrated that the presentation of autoimmune uveitis in this cohort frequently precedes the diagnosis of systemic diseases, affirming the vital role of an early and accurate diagnosis of uveitis for the detection of underlying systemic conditions. In conclusion, our study underlines the significance of a comprehensive and multidisciplinary approach in the management of SD-AU, leading to improved prognosis and quality of life for patients.
Single-cycle SARS-CoV-2 vaccine elicits high protection and sterilizing immunity in hamsters
Authors: Klimkait Thomas , Lett Martin , Otte Fabian , Hauser David , Schön Jacob , Kipfer Enja , Hoffmann Donata , Halwe Nico , Breithaupt Angele , Ulrich Lorenz , Britzke Tobias , Zhang Yuepeng , Cmiljanovic Vladimir , Wylezich Claudia , Urda Lorena , Lang Christopher , Beer Martin , Mittelholzer Christian 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Vaccines have been central in ending the COVID-19 pandemic, but newly emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants increasingly escape first-generation vaccine protection. To fill this gap, live particle-based vaccines mimicking natural infection aim at protecting against a broader spectrum of virus variants. We designed “single-cycle SARS-CoV-2 viruses” (SCVs) that lack essential viral genes, possess superior immune-modulatory features and provide an excellent safety profile in the Syrian hamster model. All intranasally vaccinated animals were fully protected against an autologous challenge with SARS-CoV-2 virus using an Envelope-gene-deleted vaccine candidate. By deleting key immune-downregulating genes, sterilizing immunity was achieved with an advanced candidate without virus spread to contact animals. Furthermore, vaccinated animals were protected from SARS-CoV-2 characteristic tissue inflammation and lung damage. Hence, SCVs have the potential to induce broad and durable protection against COVID-19 superior to a natural infection.
α-Ketoglutarate Supplementation and NAD+ Modulation Enhance Metabolic Rewiring and Radiosensitization in SLC25A1 Inhibited Cancer Cells
Authors: Matschke Johann , Xiang Kexu , Kunin Mikhail , Larafa Safa , Busch Maike , Duenker Nicole , Jendrossek Verena 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Metabolic rewiring is the result of the growing demands and proliferation of cancer cells, leading to alterations of biological activities and reactions to treatments of cancer cells. The mitochondrial citrate transport protein SLC25A1 is involved in metabolic reprogramming offering a strategy to induce metabolic bottlenecks with relevance for radiosensitization by accumulation of the oncometabolite D-2-hydroxyglutarate (D-2HG) upon SLC25A1 inhibition (SLC25A1i). Previous studies have uncovered the comparative effects of SLC25A1i or cell permeable D-2HG (octyl-D-2HG) treatments on DNA damage induction and repair as well as on energy metabolism and cellular function crucial for long-term survival of irradiated cells. Here, α-ketoglutarate (αKG), the precursor of D-2HG, potentiated the effects observed upon SLC25A1i on DNA damage repair, cell function and long-term survival in vitro and in vivo, thus making NCI-H460 cancer cells more vulnerable to ionizing radiation. However, αKG treatment alone could hardly exert its effect on the respective phenotypes. Additionally, nicotinamide (NAM) supplementation, as the precursor of NAD (including NAD+ and NADH), was counteracting the effects of SLC25A1i or the combination of SLC25A1i with αKG, emphasizing a potential importance of NAD+/NADH equilibrium on cellular activities relevant for survival of irradiated cancer cells upon SLC25A1i. Furthermore, inhibition of histone lysine demethylases (KDMs), as a major factor affected upon SLC25A1i, by JIB04 treatment alone or in combination with αKG supplementation phenocopied the wide-ranging effects on mitochondrial and cellular function induced upon SLC25A1i. Collectively, αKG-supplementation potentiated the effects on cellular processes observed upon SLC25A1i and increased cellular need for NAD to re-balance the cellular state and ensure survival upon irradiation. Future studies will uncover the underlying metabolic reprogramming induced by SLC25A1i offering novel therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment.
Unique Hyperspectral Response Design in High-Speed Photodetectors Enabled by Periodic Surface Textures
Authors: Islam M. Saif , Ahamed Ahasan , Rawat Amita , Mayet Ahmed , McPhillips Lisa 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Engineered spectral response in photodetectors combined with advanced signal processing and deep learning-based image reconstruction enables widespread applications of hyperspectral imaging. These advancements in spectral imaging eliminate the need for complex filters and dispersion lenses, benefiting various fields such as remote sensing, astronomy, agriculture, healthcare, forensics, food quality assessment, environmental monitoring, and cultural heritage preservation. We present a spectral response design method using photon-trapping surface textures (PTSTs) to enable system miniaturization by eliminating the need for external diffraction optics and employing detector-only spectral sensors. We additionally demonstrate the fabrication of cost-effective, high-performance silicon photodetectors with unique spectral responses by integrating PTSTs. These CMOS-compatible photodetectors are ultra-fast, highly sensitive, and suitable for wideband multi/hyperspectral imaging systems. Our investigation uncovers a prominent linear correlation between the PTST periods and the peak coupling wavelengths while observing a weaker relationship with the PTST diameters. Furthermore, we establish a significant association between inter-PTST spacing and wave propagation patterns. In a proof-of-principle demonstration, we effectively employ these photodetectors with distinct spectral responses to capture visible and near-infrared wavelengths for multispectral imaging. These findings support the feasibility of integrating high-performance on-chip spectrometers, offering compact form factors, extensive applicability, and real-time data acquisition and manipulation capabilities.
Evaluation of tear film breakup time, Schirmer tear test, blink rate and tear ferning test in Shih-Tzu dogs
Authors: Vitor Rebeca Costa , Teixeira Jamille Bispo de Carvalho , Santos Katharine Costa dos , Oliveira Gabriela Mota Sena , Guedes Paula Elisa Brandão , Sevá Anaiá da Paixão , Junior Deusdete Conceição Gomes , Veloso Jéssica Fontes , Carlos Renata Santiago Alberto 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background: Shih-Tzu dogs are severely affected by lacrimal surface ophthalmic disorders, such as Dry Eye Disease (DED). The objective of this study was to evaluate tear quality in Shih-Tzu dogs. Thirty dogs underwent eyelid blink counting, tear film breakup time (TBUT) test, Schirmer tear test (STT-1), and tear ferning test (TFT).
Results: Of the 30 animals evaluated, 28 had STT-1 values within the normal range, with a mean and median of 24.5 and 25 mm/min, respectively. The mean and median of TBUT were 3.8 and 4 seconds, respectively. The majority of TFT classifications suggested ophthalmic alterations, with 61.1% classified as grade III according to the Rolando scale, and 46.4% as grade 3 according to the Masmali scale. In the blink rate, the mean and median values for incomplete eyelid blinks/min (86.9 and 67.5) were higher than for complete blinks/min (22.9 and 12), and this difference was statistically significant (p=0.001). Two dogs had STT-1 values below the reference range, with 10 mm/min in the right eye (RE) and 7 mm/min in the left eye (LE) for the first dog, and 9 mm/min (RE) and 10 mm/min (LE) for the second dog. The TBUT for the first dog was 3 and 4 seconds in the RE and LE, respectively, while for the second dog, it was 3 and 2 seconds in the RE and LE, respectively. Regarding TFT classification, the first dog had type II according to the Rolando scale for both eyes and grade 2 according to the Masmali scale for both eyes, while the second dog had type IV according to the Rolando scale for both eyes and grade 4 according to the Masmali scale for both eyes. In the blink rate, the evaluators observed a mean and median of 9.3 and 6 complete eyelid blinks/min, and 43.6 and 55 incomplete blinks/min for the first dog, and 3.3 and 3 complete eyelid blinks/min, and 43.3 and 44 incomplete blinks/min for the second dog.
Conclusions: Under the conditions of this study, despite the animals having STT-1 values within the normal range for the species, there was a high prevalence of type III and grade 3 tear ferning pattern according to the Rolando and Masmali scales, respectively. These patterns are not considered healthy in dogs. Additionally, the dogs exhibited few complete eyelid blinks and a high frequency of incomplete blinks. This finding indicates that the animals, despite having an adequate aqueous fraction, have compromised tear quality and poor spreading of the tear film, which may result in Dry Eye Disease (DED). Further studies are necessary with animals showing STT-1 values below the normal range to better elucidate the abnormalities associated with DED.
The transcriptional landscape underlying metamorphosis in the Malabar grouper (Epinephelus malabaricus)
Authors: Huerlimann Roger , Roux Natacha , Maeda Ken , Pilieva Polina , Miura Saori , Izumiyama Michael , Laudet Vincent , Ravasi Timothy 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Teleost fishes typically have a bi-phasic life cycle with a transition between larval and juvenile phases called metamorphosis, which is known to be regulated by thyroid hormones (TH). However, other hormonal systems might be involved as it is the case in amphibians in which corticosteroids are interacting with TH pathway to trigger and regulate metamorphosis. Unfortunately, such interplay is poorly understood in teleost fishes. In order to investigate the potential involvement of these two hormonal pathways, we used the Malabar grouper (Epinephelus malabaricus) as a model system. We assembled a chromosome-scale genome and conducted a transcriptomic analysis of nine larval developmental stages. We studied the expression patterns of genes involved in TH and corticoid pathways, as well as four biological processes known to be regulated by TH in other teleost species: ossification, pigmentation, visual perception, and metabolism. Interestingly, we observed an interplay between TH and corticosteroid coinciding with metamorphosis and, more surprisingly, an early activation of both pathways was observed suggesting their implication in early larval development. Overall, our data reveal that on a common background (TH controlling metamorphosis) evolution is assembling species-specific peculiarities that allow to precisely align the molecular completion of metamorphosis with the ecological constraints.
Causal relationship in gut microbiota and Sjogren's syndrome using Mendelian randomization.
Authors: Zhao Li , Wu Zewen , Zhang Ruiqiao , Wu Ruonan , Zhang Yanlong , Zhang Shuqiu , Zhang Liyun 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background: A growing number of observational studies have found that gut microbiota is associated with a higher risk of Sjogren's syndrome. However, the relationship between the two remains to be further determined.
Methods: We conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis to determine whether the gut microbiota is causally related to Sjogren’s syndrome. As exposure factors, we used summary statistics from an 18340-person genome-wide association study of the gut microbiome published by MiBioGen consortium, and data from the Finn Gen GWAS of Sjogren's syndrome, with 2495 patients; 414,262 controls were included as disease outcomes.Two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis was subsequently performed by inverse variance-weighted, MR-Egger, and weighted median. In addition, heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy were excluded by sensitivity analysis.
Results :IVW results confirmed that genus Ruminiclostridium9 (OR = 0.727, 95%CI: 0.536-0.986, P = 0.040),f family Victivallaceae(OR = 0.865, 95%CI: 0.750-0.999, P =0.048), while genus Butyricicoccus (OR=1.516, 95%CI: 1.089-2.111, P = 0.014), genus Eubacterium coprostanoligenes group(OR =1.542, 95%CI: 1.085-2.192, P =0.016), amily Porphyromonadaceae (OR = 1.549, 95%CI: 1.068-2.246 P = 0.021), while phylum Cyanobacteria (OR = 10272, 95%CI: 1.020-1.586, P = 0.033) had the opposite effect. No abnormal SNPS were found in a sensitivity analysis.
Conclusion: We have found some causal relationships between gut microbiota and Sjogren's syndrome. However, further randomized controlled trials are needed.
Foraging chemical signals in the Neotropical termite Nasutitermes corniger (Motschulsky, 1855) (Termitidae: Nasutitermitinae): the role of castes and the intercolonial perception
Authors: Cruz Marília da , Santos Renan , Silva Cátila R , Watanabe Sara Yuri , Cristaldo Paulo 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Social insects are known to have complex and elaborate communication systems. Communication through chemical signals is paramount in termites since these insects are blind and have cryptic habits. Despite this, knowledge about the role of chemical signals in termites is still scarce, especially in phylogenetically derived species. Here, we aimed to investigate the role of foraging chemical signals in Nasutitermes corniger (Termitidae: Nasutitermitinae), including the effect of different anatomical sources of foraging chemical signals, the response of groups with different caste compositions, and the colony-specificity of these signals. Specifically, we tested the following hypotheses: (i) rectal fluid and sternal gland extracts have different roles in perception, orientation, and acceptance by groups of N. corniger with different caste compositions; (ii) the behavior of N. corniger exposed to intercolonial foraging signals is not altered; and (iii) intercolonial foraging signals have attractive activity on N. corniger. To do so, trail, behavior and attraction/repellent bioassays were carried out in the laboratory. The sternal gland extract triggered greater trail behavior than the other foraging signals. Furthermore, the rectal fluid extract seems to exert an orientation function in N. corniger while the sternal gland extract acts as a recruitment signal. Finally, the behavior and attractiveness of the intercolonial foraging signals were not altered when compared with the control. The results found in the present study increase the understanding of foraging chemical communication in Isoptera and reinforce the role of intercolonial signals in the attractiveness of groups of N. corniger.
Bioactive compounds from Dioscorea bulbifera L. obtained by combined ultrasound- assisted and solid-liquid extraction
Authors: Carneiro Gabrielly Ribeiro , Ribeiro Leomara Floriano 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The aim was to extract bioactive compounds from the husk and pulp of Dioscorea bulbifera L. by the combination of ultrasound and solid-liquid extraction techniques, as well as to evaluate the antioxidant potential. The extraction at 80°C for 60 minutes showed the highest content of total phenolic compounds (TPC), 715.53 ± 8.00 mg EAG 100 g− 1, for the husk, while the extraction at 70°C for 45 minutes showed 235.50 ± 25.30 mg EAG 100 g− 1, for the pulp. The extracts with the highest TPC were evaluated for the other bioactive compounds. The husk and pulp extracts showed flavonoid content of 363.63 ± 8.92 and 102.44 ± 1.51 mg EC 100 g− 1, respectively. The estimation of the total carotenoid content allowed obtaining 2.13 ± 0.11 µg 100 g− 1 for the husk and 1.34 ± 0.11 µg 100 g− 1 for the pulp. The antioxidant potential was evaluated according to the FRAP assay (125.09 ± 8.52 and 32.76 ± 0.65 µM ferrous sulfate g− 1), the removal of H2O2 (29% and 41%), the ABTS radical assay (66.88 ± 0.93 and 14.93 ± 0.31 µM Trolox g− 1) and the β-carotene/linoleic acid system, (84% and 47%) for husk and pulp, respectively. The bioaccessibility was obtained around 25% (pulp) and 16% (husk) accessible for absorption in the intestine. The combination of ultrasound and solid-liquid extraction methods proved to be effective in extracting bioactive compounds, which is a potential source for isolation and purification of bioactive compounds, with possible applications in the food industry.