bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An atypical ALS with PSP-like symptoms caused by ANXA11 p.D40G mutation: A case report and literature review
Authors: Zhang Xin , Gao Juan , Chi Chunling , Zhao Zhenzhen , Chan Piu , Ma Jinghong 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundANXA11 mutations were first reported to be associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in 2017. Several studies have investigated the prevalence of ANXA11 mutations in different populations, while less is known about the spectrum of phenotypes and the genotype–phenotype correlation with this gene mutation.Case presentationHere, we report a 74-year-old man who was initially diagnosed with progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) because of repeated falls, slight upward gaze palsy, and mild cognitive dysfunction at the onset. He finally turned out to be ALS with more and more prominent limb weakness and atrophy, together with the evidence of chronic neurogenic change and ongoing denervation on electromyography. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed extensive cortical atrophy. A missense mutation c.119A &gt; G (p.D40G) on the ANXA11 gene was identified using whole-exome sequencing, which confirmed the diagnosis of ALS. We performed a systematic review of the literature about ALS-relevant cases with ANXA11 mutations and identified 68 affected subjects and 29 variants with the ANXA11 gene. We summarized the phenotypes of ANXA11 mutations and the clinical characteristics of nine patients harboring the ANXA11 p.D40G variant including our case.ConclusionsThe phenotype of ANXA11-related cases is heterogeneous, and most cases showed typical ALS, while some could also have the characteristics of frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and PSP, even inclusion body myopathies (hIBM) occurred in familial ALS (FALS). Our patient presented with ALS with a co-morbid PSP-like symptom (ALS-PSP) phenotype, which has not been reported. Except for our patient, the remaining eight patients with the ANXA11 p.D40G variant presented with a classical ALS phenotype without cognitive impairment.
A nomogram for predicting risk of death during hospitalization in elderly patients with Alzheimer's disease at the time of admission
Authors: Yao Kecheng , Wang Junpeng , Ma Baohua , He Ling , Zhao Tianming , Zou Xiulan , Weng Zean , Yao Rucheng 
Published: February 2023

Background and objectivesElderly patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) often have multiple underlying disorders that lead to frequent hospital admissions and are associated with adverse outcomes such as in-hospital mortality. The aim of our study was to develop a nomogram to be used at hospital admission for predicting the risk of death in patients with AD during hospitalization.MethodsWe established a prediction model based on a dataset of 328 patients hospitalized with AD -who were admitted and discharged from January 2015 to December 2020. A multivariate logistic regression analysis method combined with a minimum absolute contraction and selection operator regression model was used to establish the prediction model. The identification, calibration, and clinical usefulness of the predictive model were evaluated using the C-index, calibration diagram, and decision curve analysis. Internal validation was evaluated using bootstrapping.ResultsThe independent risk factors included in our nomogram were diabetes, coronary heart disease (CHD), heart failure, hypotension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cerebral infarction, chronic kidney disease (CKD), anemia, activities of daily living (ADL) and systolic blood pressure (SBP). The C-index and AUC of the model were both 0.954 (95% CI: 0.929–0.978), suggesting that the model had accurate discrimination ability and calibration. Internal validation achieved a good C-index of 0.940.ConclusionThe nomogram including the comorbidities (i.e., diabetes, CHD, heart failure, hypotension, COPD, cerebral infarction, anemia and CKD), ADL and SBP can be conveniently used to facilitate individualized identification of risk of death during hospitalization in patients with AD.
Stroke profile and care during the COVID-19 pandemic: What changed and what did not? A prospective cohort from Joinville, Brazil
Authors: dos Reis Felipe Ibiapina , de Magalhães Pedro Silva Correa , Diegoli Henrique , Longo Alexandre Luiz , Moro Carla Heloisa Cabral , Safanelli Juliana Antunes , Nagel Vivian , Lange Marcos Christiano , Zétola Viviane Flumignan 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionThe COVID-19 pandemic has wrought negative consequences concerning quality of care for stroke patients since its onset. Prospective population-based data about stroke care in the pandemic are limited. This study aims to investigate the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on stroke profile and care in Joinville, Brazil.MethodsA prospective population-based cohort enrolled the first-ever cerebrovascular events in Joinville, Brazil, and a comparative analyzes was conducted between the first 12 months following COVID-19 restrictions (starting March 2020) and the 12 months just before. Patients with transient ischemic attack (TIA) or stroke had their profiles, incidences, subtypes, severity, access to reperfusion therapy, in-hospital stay, complementary investigation, and mortality compared.ResultsThe profiles of TIA/stroke patients in both periods were similar, with no differences in gender, age, severity, or comorbidities. There was a reduction in incidence of TIA (32.8%; p = 0.003). In both periods, intravenous thrombolysis (IV) and mechanical thrombectomy (MT) rates and intervals from door to IV/MT were similar. Patients with cardioembolic stroke and atrial fibrillation had their in-hospital stay abbreviated. The etiologic investigation was similar before and during the pandemic, but there were increases in cranial tomographies (p = 0.02), transthoracic echocardiograms (p = 0.001), chest X-rays (p &lt; 0.001) and transcranial Doppler ultrasounds (p &lt; 0.001). The number of cranial magnetic resonance imaging decreased in the pandemic. In-hospital mortality did not change.DiscussionThe COVID-19 pandemic is associated with a reduction in TIA, without any influence on stroke profile, the quality of stroke care, in-hospital investigation or mortality. Our findings show an effective response by the local stroke care system and offer convincing evidence that interdisciplinary efforts are the ideal approach to avoiding the COVID-19 pandemic's negative effects, even with scarce resources.
Prevalence and risk factors for abnormal tandem gait in patients with essential tremor syndrome: A cross-sectional study in Southwest China
Authors: Huang Hongyan , He Xianghua , Shen Qiuyan , Zhang Dan , Bao Yi , Xu Fang , Luo Anling , Liu Ling , Yang Xinglong , Xu Yanming 
Published: February 2023

ObjectivesPatients with essential tremor (ET) syndrome have more prevalent and more serious gait and balance impairments than healthy controls. In this cross-sectional study, we explored whether balance impairments are associated with falls as well as more pronounced non-motor symptoms in patients with ET syndrome.MethodsWe assessed the tandem gait (TG) test, as well as falls or near-falls that occurred over the previous year. Non-motor symptoms—including cognitive deficits, psychological and sleep disorders—were evaluated. In univariate analyses, statistical significance was corrected for multiple comparisons using the Benjamini–Hochberg method. Multiple logistic regression was utilized to evaluate the risk factors of poor TG performance in patients with ET syndrome.ResultsA total of 358 patients with ET syndrome were divided into the abnormal TG (a-TG) and normal TG (n-TG) groups based on their performances in the TG test. We revealed that 47.2% of patients with ET syndrome had a-TG. The patients with a-TG were older, were more likely female, and were more likely present with cranial tremors and falls or near-falls (all adjusted P &lt; 0.01). The patients with a-TG had significantly lower Mini-Mental Status Examination scores, as well as significantly higher Hamilton Depression/Anxiety Rating Scale and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scores. Multiple logistic regression analysis demonstrated that female sex (OR 1.913, 95% CI: 1.180–3.103), age (OR 1.050, 95% CI: 1.032–1.068), cranial tremor scores (OR 1.299, 95% CI: 1.095–1.542), a history of falls or near-falls (OR 2.952, 95% CI: 1.558–5.594), and the presence of depressive symptoms (OR 1.679, 95% CI: 1.034–2.726) were associated with the occurrence of a-TG in patients with ET syndrome.ConclusionTG abnormalities may be a predictor of fall risk in patients with ET syndrome and are associated with non-motor symptoms, especially depression.
Generating dynamic carbon-dioxide traces from respiration-belt recordings: Feasibility using neural networks and application in functional magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Agrawal Vismay , Zhong Xiaole Z. , Chen J. Jean 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionIn the context of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), carbon dioxide (CO2) is a well-known vasodilator that has been widely used to monitor and interrogate vascular physiology. Moreover, spontaneous fluctuations in end-tidal carbon dioxide (PETCO2) reflects changes in arterial CO2 and has been demonstrated as the largest physiological noise source for denoising the low-frequency range of the resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI) signal. However, the majority of rs-fMRI studies do not involve CO2 recordings, and most often only heart rate and respiration are recorded. While the intrinsic link between these latter metrics and CO2 led to suggested possible analytical models, they have not been widely applied.MethodsIn this proof-of-concept study, we propose a deep-learning (DL) approach to reconstruct CO2 and PETCO2 data from respiration waveforms in the resting state.ResultsWe demonstrate that the one-to-one mapping between respiration and CO2 recordings can be well predicted using fully convolutional networks (FCNs), achieving a Pearson correlation coefficient (r) of 0.946 ± 0.056 with the ground truth CO2. Moreover, dynamic PETCO2 can be successfully derived from the predicted CO2, achieving r of 0.512 ± 0.269 with the ground truth. Importantly, the FCN-based methods outperform previously proposed analytical methods. In addition, we provide guidelines for quality assurance of respiration recordings for the purposes of CO2 prediction.DiscussionOur results demonstrate that dynamic CO2 can be obtained from respiration-volume using neural networks, complementing the still few reports in DL of physiological fMRI signals, and paving the way for further research in DL based bio-signal processing.
Imaging mitochondria through bone in live mice using two-photon fluorescence microscopy with adaptive optics
Authors: Zheng Tianyi , Liversage Adrian R. , Tehrani Kayvan F. , Call Jarrod A. , Kner Peter A. , Mortensen Luke J. 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionMitochondria are extremely important organelles in the regulation of bone marrow and brain activity. However, live imaging of these subcellular features with high resolution in scattering tissues like brain or bone has proven challenging.MethodsIn this study, we developed a two-photon fluorescence microscope with adaptive optics (TPFM-AO) for high-resolution imaging, which uses a home-built Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor (SHWFS) to correct system aberrations and a sensorless approach for correcting low order tissue aberrations.ResultsUsing AO increases the fluorescence intensity of the point spread function (PSF) and achieves fast imaging of subcellular organelles with 400 nm resolution through 85 μm of highly scattering tissue. We achieved ~1.55×, ~3.58×, and ~1.77× intensity increases using AO, and a reduction of the PSF width by ~0.83×, ~0.74×, and ~0.9× at the depths of 0, 50 μm and 85 μm in living mouse bone marrow respectively, allowing us to characterize mitochondrial health and the survival of functioning cells with a field of view of 67.5× 67.5 μm. We also investigate the role of initial signal and background levels in sample correction quality by varying the laser power and camera exposure time and develop an intensity-based criteria for sample correction.DiscussionThis study demonstrates a promising tool for imaging of mitochondria and other organelles in optically distorting biological environments, which could facilitate the study of a variety of diseases connected to mitochondrial morphology and activity in a range of biological tissues.
Hybrid meat products and co-creation: What do consumers say, feel and think?
Authors: Ryder Chris , Jaworska Sylvia , Grasso Simona 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionWhat consumers say about food and what kind of words they use to do so offers direct insights into their perceptions, preferences, reasoning, and emotions.MethodsThis study explores evaluations of hybrid meat products of 2,405 consumers from England, Denmark, and Spain. As part of a large survey, consumers were prompted to note down four words that come to mind when they read a description of a hybrid meat product, and then again after they were involved in a hypothetical co-creation task of a hybrid meat product. 18,697 words and phrases of language material was processed using computational corpus-based analysis and manual classification into semantic categories including: Evaluation, Sensory, Production, Emotion, Diets, Quality, Ethics, and Other.ResultsConsumers consider many dimensions when it comes to the evaluation of hybrid meat products including ethical conduct and sustainability. For all three languages, the number of positive words increased and the number of negative words decreased significantly (p &lt; 0.001) following the co-creation task, suggesting that consumers see such products very positively once they are more familiar with them and know more about the ingredients. Subcategories that received most words include: taste, ingredients, healthiness, naturalness, innovation, and environment, implying that these areas are of most importance when it comes to the evaluation of hybrid meat products. The concept of nutrition (especially words pointing to positive aspects such as “rich in vitamins”, “nutritious”) also rose significantly in use after co-creation.DiscussionThe study reveals consumers’ vocabulary of hybrid meat products across the three countries and offers important insights for food producers to help them create innovative products that better align with consumers’ perceptions and expectations.
Prevalence of sarcopenia in patients with COPD through different musculature measurements: An updated meta-analysis and meta-regression
Authors: He Jie , Li Hezhi , Yao Jun , Wang Yan 
Published: February 2023

AimChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients vary widely in terms of the prevalence of sarcopenia, which is partially attributed to differences in diagnostic criteria and disease severity. There are several different musculature measurements that are used to quantify sarcopenia. This study included published literature for meta-analysis to assess the sarcopenia prevalence in COPD patients and correlate the disease with the clinical characteristics of such patients.MethodsA comprehensive review of the English and Chinese literature on sarcopenia prevalence in COPD patients was conducted using electronic databases such as China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Web of Science, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, PubMed, and Wanfang. Two researchers analyzed the studies for Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. The software Stata 11.0 was employed for the analysis of the acquired data. The standard mean differences method was utilized for the estimation and quantification of the effect size. Furthermore, a fixed- or random-effects model was employed for conducting a combined analysis.ResultsIn total, 56 studies were included as per the specific inclusion criteria. The resulting data of the assessed COPD patients in this research indicated a 27% prevalence of sarcopenia. Further analysis of subgroups was executed per disease severity, ethnicity, diagnostic criteria, gender, and age. Per these findings, increased disease severity elevated the prevalence of sarcopenia. The Latin American and Caucasian populations indicated an increased prevalence of sarcopenia. In addition, the prevalence of sarcopenia was related to diagnostic criteria and definition. Male COPD patients had a higher prevalence of sarcopenia than female COPD patients. COPD patients with an average age greater than 65 had a slightly higher prevalence of sarcopenia. COPD patients with comorbid sarcopenia had poorer pulmonary function, activity tolerance, and clinical symptoms than patients with COPD alone.ConclusionSarcopenia prevalence is high (27%) in COPD patients. In addition, these patients had worse pulmonary function and activity tolerance compared to patients without sarcopenia.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=367422, identifier CRD42022367422.
Development of a hepatocellular carcinoma imaging database and structured imaging reports based on PACS, HIS, and repository
Authors: Shi Yushu , Tao Yufeng , Li Jing , Li Zhi , Zhang Rui , Chen Feng 
Published: February 2023

PurposeTo establish a hepatocellular carcinoma imaging database and structured imaging reports based on PACS, HIS, and repository.MethodsThis study was approved by the Institutional Review Board. The steps of establishing the database are as follows: 1) According to the standards required for the intelligent diagnosis of HCC, it was attempted to design the corresponding functional modules after analyzing the requirements; 2) Based on client/server (C/S) mode, 3-tier architecture model was adopted. A user interface (UI) could receive data entered by users and show handled data. Business logic layer (BLL) could process the business logic of the data, and data access layer (DAL) could save the data in the database. The storage and management of HCC imaging data could be realized by the SQLSERVER database management software, and Delphi and VC++ programming languages were used.ResultsThe test results showed that the proposed database could swiftly obtain the pathological, clinical, and imaging data of HCC from the picture archiving and communication system (PACS) and hospital information system (HIS), and perform data storage and visualization of structured imaging reports. According to the HCC imaging data, liver imaging reporting and data system (LI-RADS) assessment, standardized staging, and intelligent imaging analysis were carried out on the high-risk population to establish a one-stop imaging evaluation platform for HCC, strongly supporting clinicians in the diagnosis and treatment of HCC.ConclusionsThe establishment of a HCC imaging database can not only provide a huge amount of imaging data for the basic and clinical research on HCC, but also facilitate the scientific management and quantitative assessment of HCC. Besides, a HCC imaging database is advantageous for personalized treatment and follow-up of HCC patients.
Development of a nomogram to predict the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with hepatitis B-related cirrhosis on antivirals
Authors: Shi Ke , Li Ping , Zhang Qun , Zhang Yi , Bi Yufei , Zeng Xuanwei , Wang Xianbo 
Published: February 2023

ObjectivePatients with compensated hepatitis B-related cirrhosis receiving antivirals are at the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study aimed to develop and validate a nomogram for predicting the incidence of HCC in patients with hepatitis-B related cirrhosis.DesignA total of 632 patients with compensated hepatitis-B related cirrhosis treated with entecavir or tenofovir between August 2010 and July 2018 were enrolled. Cox regression analysis was used to identify independent risk factors for HCC and a nomogram was developed using these factors. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), calibration curve, and decision curve analyses were used to evaluate the nomogram performance. The results were validated in an external cohort (n = 324).ResultsIn the multivariate analysis, age per 10 years, neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio &gt; 1.6, and platelet count &lt; 86×109/L were independent predictors of HCC occurrence. A nomogram was developed to predict HCC risk using these three factors (ranging from 0 to 20). The nomogram showed better performance (AUC: 0.83) than that of the established models (all P &lt; 0.05). The 3-year cumulative HCC incidences in the low- (scores &lt; 4), medium- (4–10), and high-risk (&gt; 10) subgroups were 0.7%, 4.3%, and 17.7%, respectively, in the derivation cohort, and 1.2%, 3.9%, and 17.8%, respectively, in the validation cohort.ConclusionThe nomogram showed good discrimination and calibration in estimating HCC risk in patients with hepatitis-B related cirrhosis on antivirals. High-risk patients with a score &gt; 10 points require close surveillance.
The multiple combination of Paclitaxel, Ramucirumab and Elacridar reverses the paclitaxel-mediated resistance in gastric cancer cell lines
Authors: Schirizzi Annalisa , Contino Marialessandra , Carrieri Livianna , Riganti Chiara , De Leonardis Giampiero , Scavo Maria Principia , Perrone Maria Grazia , Miciaccia Morena , Kopecka Joanna , Refolo Maria Grazia , Lotesoriere Claudio , Depalo Nicoletta , Rizzi Federica , Giannelli Gianluigi , Messa Caterina , D’Alessandro Rosalba 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionPaclitaxel (PTX) interferes with microtubule architecture by binding to β-tubulin, thereby blocking progression at the G2/M phase and inducing apoptosis. This study aimed to investigate molecular processes underlying PTX-mediated resistance in gastric cancer (GC) cells. MethodsPTX-mediated resistance involves many processes, and in this work some of the factors involved in the resistance mechanism were identified by comparing two GC lines with PTX induced resistance to their sensitive counterparts. ResultsThus, the key feature of PTX-resistant cells was the overexpression of pro-angiogenic factors such as VEGFA, VEGFC, and Ang2, known to support tumor cell growth. A second relevant change detected in PTX-resistant lines was the elevated level of TUBβIII, a tubulin isoform that opposes microtubule stabilization. A third identified factor contributing to PTX-resistance was P-glycoprotein (P-gp), a transporter responsible for chemotherapy efflux from the cells, highly expressed in PTX-resistant lines.Discussion These findings were in line with a greater sensitivity of resistant cells to treatment with both Ramucirumab and Elacridar. Ramucirumab significantly reduced the expression of angiogenic molecules and TUBβIII, while Elacridar restored the access of chemotherapy, recovering its anti-mitotic and pro-apoptotic effects. Finally, this study highlighted the role played by exosomes in spreading factors responsible for resistance in the tumor microenvironment.