bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Eradication of PRRS from Hungarian pig herds 2014–2022
Authors: Szabó István , Nemes Imre , Bognár Lajos , Terjék Zsolt , Molnár Tamás , Abonyi Tamás , Bálint Ádám , Horváth Dávid Géza , Balka Gyula 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background:Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is an infectious disease with widespread distribution and is currently a major cause of economic loss in pig production. In Hungary, a National PRRS Eradication Program was introduced in order to reach a more efficient, economic and competitive international market position. The EU also approved the program, but the resultant legal obligations placed a burden on Hungarian producers in order to comply with EU competition rules. The veterinary authorities carried out the implementation of the program with the consent, continuous support and monitoring by the organizations of the pig industry as well as a scientific committee. The PRRS eradication program in Hungary was based on a regional territorial principle and was obligatory for every swine farm within those regions. In Hungary large fattening farms operate as all-in/all-out or continuous flow system. The large-scale breeding herds are predominantly farrow-to-finish types. Although its significance has decreased in recent decades, 20% of the Hungarian pig population is still kept in small-scale (backyard) farms (< 100 animals). Each PRRS-infected large-scale farm had to develop a unit-adapted eradication plan, including external and internal biosecurity measures, vaccinations, etc. It was crucial to render each fattening unit free of the disease since fattening units play a significant role in spreading the virus across the country. Eradication efforts mainly implemented depopulation-repopulation methods, with some farms using the test and removal method instead.Results:As the eradication progressed over the years, the introduction of infected fattening pigs was restricted. Because of these measures, by the end of 2018, Hungarian large-scale fattening farms became free of PRRS. The PRRS-free status of the small-scale herds was achieved by the end of 2015, and this status was maintained from 2016–2021. By the 31stof December in 2021, all breeding pigs at large scale-farms in Hungary had become free of wild type PRRS virus. By the 31stof March in 2022, the total pig population of the country, including all backyard farms and fattening units, had achieved PRRS-free status.Conclusions:The future goal is to secure and maintain the PRRS free status of Hungary by strict import regulations of live animals combined with continuous and thorough screening of incoming and resident herds for the presence of the virus.
Neuroprotective Effects of CXCR2 Antagonist SB332235 on Traumatic Brain Injury Through Suppressing NLRP3 Inflammasome
Authors: zhao ke , Zhou Xinkui , Chen Mengyuan , Gou Lingshan , Mei Daoqi , Gao Chao , Zhao Shuai , Luo Shuying , Wang Xiaona , Tan Tao , Zhang Yaodong 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The inflammatory process mediated by nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor family pyrin domain comprising 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome plays a predominant role in the neurological dysfunction following traumatic brain injury (TBI). SB332235, a highly selective antagonist of chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR2), has been demonstrated to exhibit anti-inflammatory properties and improve neurological outcomes in the central nervous system. We aimed to determine the neuroprotective effects of SB332235 in the acute phase after TBI in mice and to elucidate its underlying mechanisms. Male C57BL/6J animals were exposed to a controlled cortical impact, then received 4 doses of SB332235, with the first dose administered 30 min after TBI, followed by additional doses at 6, 24, and 30 hours. Neurological defects were assessed by the modified neurological severity score, while the motor function was evaluated using the beam balance and open field tests. Cognitive performance was evaluated using the novel object recognition test. Brain tissues were collected for pathological, Western blot, and immunohistochemical analyses. The results showed that SB332235 significantly ameliorated TBI-induced deficits, including motor and cognitive impairments. Moreover, SB332235 substantially mitigated the augmented expression levels and activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome within the peri-contusional cortex induced by TBI. This was accompanied by the blocking of subsequent production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Additionally, SB332235 hindered microglial activity induced by TBI. These findings confirmed the neuroprotective effects of SB332235 against TBI, and the involved mechanisms were in part due to the suppression of NLRP3 inflammasome activity. This study suggests that SB332235 may act as an anti-inflammatory agent to improve functional outcomes in brain injury when applied clinically.
Analysis of the Effects of Complex Electrode Geometries on the Energy Deposition and Electric Field Measurements of Surface Dielectric Barrier Discharges
Authors: Trosan Duncan , Walther Patrick , McLaughlin Stephen , Salvi Deepti , Mazzeo Aaron , Stapelmann Katharina 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Surface Dielectric Barrier Discharges (SDBDs) have been gaining interest in recent years for numerous applications. One of the advantages of SDBDs is their scalability and flexibility of materials used, allowing larger electrodes than simple linear electrodes investigated in earlier works. This paper seeks to elucidate the properties of more complicated SDBD geometries utilizing differing repeated lattice structures. Voltage and current traces, optical emission spectroscopy, digital imaging, and numerical analysis are used to analyze the electrodes. Reduced electric fields obtained through optical emission spectroscopy and the total power deposited into the plasma are presented. The reduced electric field is not significantly affected by increasing applied voltage, but minor variations could be observed due to the geometry of the electrode lattice structures. Finally, it was observed that plasma power is not a simple linear relationship in these more complicated lattice structures. Smaller lattice structures were observed to have lower energy deposited per period.
Explaining the increase in “high-quality chert” in the Early Upper Paleolithic artifacts in southern Jordan: Quantitative examination of chert mechanical properties and fracture predictability
Authors: Suga Eiki , Tsukada Kazuhiro , Tarawneh Odai , Massadeh Sate , Kadowaki Seiji 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

In the studies of flaked stone tools, the “quality” of lithic raw material has often been assessed from a viewpoint of its suitability to lithic production, and several studies quantified such raw material qualities by measuring mechanical properties of several different rocks like obsidian, chert, and basalt. To advance this approach, this study aims to quantify variations in the quality of chert, which is usually based on the difference in grain-size, e.g., fine-grained chert as “high-quality”. For this purpose, we measured two types of hardness, i.e., the rebound hardness by Schmidt Hammer and the Rockwell Hardness (HRC), by using chert samples from southern Jordan, where the use of fine-grained chert increased in the Early Upper Paleolithic (Ahmarian) in association with the development of bladelet technology. The results indicate that fine-grained chert has greater fracture predictability and particularly suitable for the production of bladelets. However, fine-grained chert in southern Jordan suffer from abundant internal fractures and was not used as often as medium-grained chert for Levallois products and robust blades in the Late Middle and Initial Upper Paleolithic. Thus, explaining the prehistoric selectivity of lithic raw materials need to consider fracture predictability as well as other factors, such as actual conditions of occurrences and lithic production technology.
Bioinformatics Analysis of Gene Network of Thyroid Disorders and Coronary Artery Diseases
Authors: KAHOL RICHA , Kathait Atul 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Thyroid disorders (TD) and Coronary artery diseases (CAD) are among the highly prevalent diseases across the globe. Medical literature suggests a strong interconnection between the occurrences of the two diseases as well as the origin of the two organs. Patients with thyroid abnormalities are likely to develop cardiac dysfunctions and vice versa.
Aim
In this paper we attempt to explore similar biological and genetic features among thyroid disorder (TD) and Coronary Artery Diseases (CAD). Secondly, we also analyse the genetic networks to determine the most significant common genes.
Methods
genes related to the diseases were searched and retrieved from National Centre for Biotechnology Information. Initially 100 genes for thyroid disorders and1896 for coronary artery diseases were downloaded. After pre-processing, we had 94 and 980 exclusively homo-sapiens genes for thyroid disorders and coronary artery diseases, respectively. Also, 37 common genes were explored. Among them 14 significant genes were selected for further analysis. Thereafter, protein-protein interaction network, enrichment analysis, topological properties analysis, physical interaction network, co-expression network, gene regulatory network were constructed. Also, protein-drug interaction, protein-chemical interaction and drug-gene interaction analysis were conducted.
Results
TD and CAD are related to each other on the genetic level. TNF, SIRT1 and STAT3 are the most significant common genes amongst these two diseases.
Conclusion
This analysis establishes a biological and genetic link between the two diseases. Drug-gene analysis indicates some potential drug targets. This can be considered for further verification and validation chemical experiments.
In vitro delayed response to dihydroartemisinin of malaria parasites infecting sickle cell erythocytes
Authors: Gnondjui Albert A. , Toure Offianan A. , Ako Beranger A. , Koui Tossea S. , Assohoun Stanislas E. , Gbessi Eric A. , N’guessan Landry T. , Tuo Karim , Beourou Sylvain , Assi Serge-Brice , Yapo Francis A. , Sanogo Ibrahima , Jambou Ronan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

BackgroundDecreased efficacy of artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) duringPlasmodium falciparummalaria attack has been previously reported in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). The main purpose of this study was to investigate thein vitrosusceptibility of isolates to DHA to find out hypothesis backing up the reason of this treatment failure.MethodIsolates from patients attending health centers in Abidjan with uncomplicatedP.falciparummalaria were collected. Hemoglobin type has been identified and in vitro drug sensitivity tests were conducted with the Ring Stage Assay and maturation inhibition assay.Results134 isolates were selected. Parasitemia and hemoglobin level at inclusion were lower in patients with hemoglobin HbSS and HbSC than in patients with normal HbAA.
The addition of antibiotics to embryo culture media caused altered expression of genes in pathways governing DNA integrity in mouse blastocysts
Authors: Han Qianqian , Li Yan , Ji Xu , Chang Lu , Li Wenjuan , Shi Jianfeng , Liu Jing , Ni Wuhua , Huang Xuefeng , O'Neill Chris , Jin Xingliang 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Antibiotics are common components of embryo culture media and minimize the risk of microbial contamination and infection during assisted reproductive technology procedures (ART). This study aims to investigate of the effects of two aminoglycoside antibiotics (gentamicin, streptomycin) and penicillin on developmental viability during the embryo culture and the global profiles of gene expression (DE) by RNA-seq of individual mouse blastocysts.
Results
Zygotes were cultured in an optimized defined medium formulation (KSOM) to which a dose range of each antibiotic was added. A dose-dependent retardation of the rate of zygote development to morphologically normal blastocyst was observed and this was accompanied by a reduction in the number of cells present within the resulting blastocysts. These blastocysts exhibited the lower ability in further 96 hours outgrowth in vitro. The lowest dose of each antibiotic tested (similar to the concentrations used in clinical grade media) caused significant differential expression of approximately 1800 genes. In most cases antibiotic treatment caused a reduction in gene expression and gene ontology analysis showed that down regulated genes were enriched for several biological processes related to the maintenance of genomic integrity. All three antibiotics caused the downregulation of Brca2, Blm, Rad51c and Rad54l, genes involved DNA homologous recombination pathways and also several p53-dependent genes. Immunolocalization studies showed that each antibiotic also reduced level of BRCA2 and RAD51C detected within blastocysts.
Conclusions
The present study shows that the supplementing embryo culture media with antibiotics is associated with wide ranging alterations in gene expression in a manner that could potentially compromise the genomic integrity of the resulting embryos.
Knowledge mapping of cell therapy in rheumatoid arthritis disease: a bibliometric analysis (2003-2022)
Authors: He Xiaoyao , Mi Liangyu , Ji Yuli , Zhao Miaomiao , Hu Yuting , Gao Yanan , Qiu Lixia , Xu Ke 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background:
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune joint disease characterized by persistent synovitis and systemic inflammation of the joints. Cell therapy, a cellular drug delivery therapy based on the control of immune dysregulation, inflammatory cytokine production, and overall systemic inflammation, is expected to reverse the process of joint destruction when applied to RA. Based on this, the field of cell therapy applied to RA treatment has been gaining attention in recent years and many results have been achieved. Bibliometric analysis can provide insight into the development of a field. This study aims to provide an overview of the knowledge structure and research hotspots of cell therapy in RA through bibliometrics.
Method:
The Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database was used to search the literature on cellular therapies related to RA between 2003 and 2022. VOSviewers, CiteSpace, and the R package "bibliometrics" were used to perform the bibliometric analysis.
Results:
This article includes 8822 articles from 107 countries, mainly from China and the United States. Fluctuating growth in the number of articles published on cell therapy applied to RA. The University of Amsterdam, Harvard University, Karolinska Institutet, and Stanford University are the main research institutions. The journal Arthritis research & therapy is the most popular journal in the field, and the journal Annals of rheumatic diseases is the most frequently cited. 41982 authors have published in this field, including more collaborative publications; Tak, paul p, Emery, paul, Doerner, Thomas, Isaacs, john d, Tanaka, and Yoshida have published several papers, while Arnett Fc is the author of most frequently cited paper. The University of Amsterdam has been extensively involved in the publication of papers on this topic. Swedish and Korean scientists have published fewer relevant papers as corresponding authors, but have been extensively involved in the investigation of this topic. Studying the mechanisms of various factors (e.g. immune cells, immune molecules, cytokines, and inflammatory responses) in the occurrence and development of RA and studying the therapeutic strategies of cellular therapies for the future precision treatment of RA are the two main topics in this research area. "T cells", "bone marrow (BM) transplantation", "mesenchymal cells", and "monoclonal antibodies" are the emerging research top keywords of the hot spots.
Conclusion:
This article is the first bibliometric study that comprehensively summarizes the research trends and their developments in the application of cell therapy to the treatment of RA. The content includes recent research results and hot directions in the field, providing reference information for scholars studying cell therapy and RA.
Larvae to adult: Skin ontogeny of Physalaemus ephippifer (Anura: Leptodactylidae)
Authors: Santos Juliana , Oliveira-Bahia Verônica , Souza-Ferreira Maria Luiza , Reis Adrian , Maschio Gleomar 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThroughout metamorphic development until adulthood, amphibians have important integumentary adaptations that maintain their physiological needs and protection against predation. The evolution of these strategies in the subfamily Leiuperinae has been elucidated in recent years. Therefore, the knowledge aboutPhysalaemus ephippifer’sskin attributes can corroborate the changes of these characteristics in the clade. The aim of this study was to assess the characteristics ofP. ephippiferregarding the morphological development the skin during their lifespan. We collected foam nests in temporary ponds as well as adult individuals in a forest fragment. In the laboratory, the animals were classified by stage development, euthanized, and fixed. Sections of the dorsolateral, lumbar, and femoral portions were dissected from the adult individuals. Samples were submitted to histological processing for light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. In premetamorphosis phase, gland development is absent and secretory cells are present. In prometamorphosis, development of first glandular rudiments without secretion production begins, also xanthophores. During metamorphosis, mucous glands differentiated before serous glands. Until late metamorphosis ciliated cells persist and epidermis changes to an adultlike. In adults, serous glands show polymorphism with different distributions in the body, despite not having macroglandular structures. In addition,P. ephippiferindividuals have few epidermal projections and cryptic coloration. Our results show that despite sharing few morphological structures with other specimens of Leiuperinae subfamily, the characteristics present in individuals ofP. ephippiferare appropriate to the niche occupied and consistent with the changes that occur throughout their lineage.
Scrapping teacher trainee allowance is an issue for equitable access to teacher education in Ghana.
Authors: Amoah Adongo Awinaba 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The most recent policy on the abolition of the student allowance has generated mixed reactions from students and stakeholders. The study examined the effects of the removal of allowance for trainees in colleges of education on access to colleges of education. The study adopted the mixed methods approach utilising sequential explanatory design to collect both quantitative and qualitative. The investigation in which a quantitative phase of data collection and analysis was followed by a qualitative phase. Descriptive statistics were employed in the analysis. The abolition of the allowance for trainees has led to an increase in enrolment and improved infrastructure in the colleges. With regard to the standard of education, the lack of financial assistance for trainee teachers has led to a low level of attendance and learning outcomes as some trainees miss classes to engage in economic activities to support themselves financial whiles they are in the teacher colleges of education. It is also clear from the finding that the removal of the teacher trainee allowance puts additional costs on parents and trainees The reforms have increased access to colleges of education as compared to the quota system. The Government of Ghana should consider abolishing the quota system for student participation in colleges of education. This is because the quota system component of the teacher education allowance scheme is a rather inhibiting factor. Government should also consider decentralizing financing and encouraging distance learning models as an alternative.
The world’s first 1Hz-refresh-rate liquid crystal display for low power consumption
Authors: Lee DaYeon , Park HanByeol , Jung Ha Young , Jung Junho , Baek Seung-Hwa , Jung Jong-Wook , Park Sun-Mi , Kwon Ki-Sun , Jin Heui-Seok , Lee Dong-Jin , Kim GwangTae , Park JeongKi , Lee Seung Hee , Kim MinSu 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Global energy policies urge us to reduce the power consumption of electronic devices, but it is inconsistent with the user’s needs of enhancing device performances, which discourages the global energy consumption requirement. In this work, the converse flexoelectricity is tailored to dramatically reduce power consumption while superior display image qualities are maintained in fringe-field switching (FFS) liquid crystal displays (LCDs). We report the first 1Hz-refresh-rate flicker-free FFS LCD in a 13.4-inch laptop display. It is inevitable having noticeable brightness deviation when the polarity of driving voltage alters at such low frequency driving, caused by flexoelectric effect and failure of voltage holding. Here, we thoroughly investigated nature of the converse flexoelectric contribution of mesogenic systems with optimum flexoelectric coefficients and molecular polarity, and we developed materials in accordance with the findings. The oxide semiconductor thin-film transistors in the backplane and LC alignment layers with optimum resistivity are adopted to promote voltage-holding characteristic and fully fill the duty cycle. The result shows that the quality of static images and videos at 1Hz- and 10Hz-refresh-rate respectively is as well maintained as that at 60Hz, and the measured power consumption is reduced by 83%, compared to that in a 60Hz-refresh-rate. It is believed that this work will open a new paradigm towards energy consumption in electronic devices, which satisfies the superior display performances in LCDs.
Water infrastructure resilience and water supply and sanitation development challenges in developing countries
Authors: Bulti Abebe Tadesse , Yutura Gonse Amelo 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Water supply and sanitation development in developing countries, specifically in Ethiopia, appear to be making substantial progress. Governments, international organizations, and other organizations are contributing to the development of water supply and sanitation systems. Water supply and sanitation challenges are linked to climate change effects and the quest for climate-resilient development. This paper evaluates the current challenges in water supply and sanitation development in developing countries and infrastructure resilience. The research is based on the data collected throughout the practical development task. Some of the findings were the climate change effect and temporary adaptation mechanisms, such as intermittent supply causing further pressure variation and water loss in the system. Resilient water supply and sanitation development require an integrated approach based on practical experiences, the latest technological development in water supply and sanitation system operation and management tools, and climate change adaptation. A seamless understanding of engineering, management, and technology is required for the development and management of water supply and sanitation systems. Dispersed skills may be available that were not effective at this time, which calls for a different approach to training provision and skill development as a package on design, management, and recent technological support.