bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New diagnostic criteria for metopic ridges and trigonocephaly: a 3D geometric approach
Authors: Bloch Kevin , Geoffroy Maya , Taverne Maxime , de Lande Lara van , O’Sullivan Eimear , Liang Ce , Paternoster Giovanna , Moazen Mehran , Laporte Sébastien , Khonsari Roman Hossein 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Trigonocephaly occurs due to the premature fusion of the metopic suture, leading to a triangular forehead and hypotelorism. It often requires surgical correction for morphological and functional indications. Metopic ridges (MR) also originate from premature metopic closure but are only associated with mid-frontal bulging; their surgical correction is rarely required. Differential diagnosis between these two conditions can be challenging, especially in minor trigonocephaly.
Methods
207 scans of patients with trigonocephaly (90), MR (27), and controls (90) were collected. Geometric morphometrics were used to quantify skull and orbital morphology as well as the interfrontal angle and the cephalic index. An innovative method was developed to automatically compute the frontal curvature along the metopic suture. Different machine-learning algorithms were tested to assess the predictive power of morphological data.
Results
We showed that control patients, trigonocephaly and MR have distinctive skull and orbital shapes. The 3D frontal curvature enabled a clear discrimination between groups (sensitivity and specificity > 92%). Furthermore, we reached an accuracy of 100% in group discrimination when combining 6 univariate measures.
Conclusion
Two diagnostic tools were proposed and demonstrated to be successful in assisting differential diagnosis for patients with trigonocephaly or MR. Further clinical assessments are required to validate the practical clinical relevance of these tools.
Diffusion calculations on reconstructed bentonite microstructures with anion exclusion effects
Authors: Bouchelaghem Fatiha 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Due to their prevalence in the lithosphere and their high capability of sorbing pollutants, smectite clays play a foreground role in environmental pollution studies, waste management and soil science. In complementarity with existing approaches at the molecular or macroscopic scales, real microstructures have been employed to investigate ionic transport by diffusion through montmorillonite and water-saturated Wyoming bentonite at intermediate scales ranging between the nanometer and the micrometer. The coupled solute transport and electrostatic phenomena investigated at the nanopore scale are upscaled using the Homogenization of Porous Media approach. Homogenization computations rely on a hierarchical description of bentonite that acknowledges the existence of pores networks at different scales. At the scale of montmorillonite layers, digitized TEM images have been employed to simulate diffusion of ionic solutes by considering electrostatic interactions in the vicinity of the negatively-charged clay platelets’ surface. Finite Element microstructures are created after extraction of the contours of the layers using dedicated image processing algorithms. Local electric potential distribution, anion exclusion and cation inclusion are displayed by ion distribution maps. The effective diffusion tensor and the transport equation obtained through volume averaging are then used to simulate diffusion at the scale of a Wyoming bentonite sample composed of clay gels of variable density, mineral grains and micropores. Qualitative comparisons were made with existing diffusion data, and a particular attention is given to the anisotropy of the diffusion tensors at both the mesoscopic and macroscopic scales.
Photocatalytic degradation of polyethylene and polystyrene microplastics by α-Fe2O3/g-C3N4
Authors: Chai Chao , Liang Hao , Yao Ruike , Wang Fangli , Song Ningning , Wu Juan , Li Yan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

This study investigated the photodegradation of microplastics (MPs) by α-Fe2O3/g-C3N4. The effects of α-Fe2O3/g-C3N4 on MPs' surface were investigated through various techniques. With the addition of α-Fe2O3/g-C3N4 and under visible light irradiation, cracks and folds were observed on the MP films and particles. Compared to the treatment without photocatalyst addition, the mass loss of MPs increased with irradiation time when α-Fe2O3/g-C3N4 was added. Specifically, polystyrene films and particles in water showed 9.94% and 7.81% increased mass loss, respectively. The degradation of MPs using α-Fe2O3/g-C3N4 demonstrated the behavior consistent with the pseudo-first-order kinetic model. The presence of α-Fe2O3/g-C3N4 led to an increase in surface oxygen-containing functional groups and crystallinity while decreasing the average molecular weight of MPs. After 30 days of irradiation, the characteristic tensile bands of MPs with α-Fe2O3/g-C3N4 significantly increased, and the detection of carboxyl bands indicated the formation of carboxylic acid, ketones, and lactones as degradation products.
Construction of a comprehensive predictive model for axillary lymph node metastasis in breast cancer: A retrospective study
Authors: Li Yan , Han Dong , Shen Cong , Duan Xiaoyi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The accurate assessment of axillary lymph node metastasis (LNM) in early stage breast cancer (BC) is of great importance. This study aimed to construct an integrated model based on clinicopathology, ultrasound, PET/CT, and PET radiomics for predicting axillary LNM in early stage BC.
Materials and Methods
124 BC patients who underwent 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) PET/CT and whose diagnosis were confirmed by surgical pathology were retrospectively analyzed and included in this study. Ultrasound, PET and clinicopathological features of all patients were analyzed, and PET radiomics features were extracted to establish an ultrasound model (clinicopathology and ultrasound; model 1), a PET model (clinicopathology, ultrasound, and PET; model 2), and a comprehensive model (clinicopathology, ultrasound, PET, and radiomics; model 3), and the diagnostic efficacy of each model was evaluated and compared.
Results
The sensitivity was 48.57%, 88.57%, and 82.86%, the specificity was 88.76%, 68.54%, and 82.02%, and the AUC was 0.686, 0.823, and 0.874 for models 1, 2, and 3, respectively.
Conclusion
The use of an comprehensive model based on clinicopathology, ultrasound, PET/CT, and PET radiomics can effectively improve the diagnostic efficacy of axillary LNM in BC.
Dynamics of a cantilevered fluid-conveying straight pipe with centrosymmetric rib plates installed at its fixed end
Authors: Zhao Qianli , Cai Fuhai , Yu Wenwu , Liu Jinwu 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Rib plates are often used for improving load-bearing capacity, to study the influences of centrosymmetric rib plates installed at the fixed end on the dynamics of a cantilevered fluid-conveying straight pipe, the governing equation is deduced based on D’Alembert principle at first, during this process, the centrosymmetric rib plates are equivalently replaced by the combination of a series of linear and torsional springs whose stiffness coefficients are formulated according to thin plate bending theory. Then Galerkin method is used to discretize the above governing equation, where the shape functions are just the mode functions of cantilevered Euler-Bernoulli straight beam deduced by differential transformation method, the expressions of eigenfunction for flow-induced vibration and steady-state displacement response for forced vibration are obtained subsequently. Numerical experiments of a real water-supplying pipe are carried out, some conclusions never mentioned in published literatures are drawn. The same dynamic problems for other kinds of straight pipes and for curved pipes possessing one clamped end are also discussed. The investigation has reference meaning for optimal design of rib plates in aspects of geometric sizes and materials, also for optimal design of supporting formats of fluid-conveying pipes.
Exercise coupled with calorie restriction reduces SIRT1 and SIRT2 in female obese adolescents
Authors: Liu Jun , He Yanan , Mao Caifeng , Su Hang , Gao Zhiqiang , Zou Xiaoyu , Tang Lixu , Liao Ting , Xiong Xiaoling , Zhao Rumeng , Zhang Zihao , Li Chunyan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background:
As exercise coupled with calorie restriction was a most effective method for long-term weight control, whether exercise coupled with calorie restriction controls the expression of SIRT1 and SIRT2 and how the mechanisms work become important. Long-term benefits of conservative treatments in obese adolescents are limited, except for exercise training. Exercise training coupled with calorie restriction as a most effective method for long-term weight control has become increasingly considerable.
Methods:
Statistical significance for serum biomarkers associated with fat etabolism and longevity measured before and after intervention was evaluated using a paired sample t-test. Correlation coefficients were used to examine the relationships between fat metabolism and longevity biomarkers and physical composition parameters.
Results:
Physical composition parameters revealed a significant decline after 4-week intervention involving in exercise training coupled with calorie restriction(p < 0.05). Exercise coupled with dietary restriction decreases circulating serum SIRT1 and SIRT2 levels(p< 0.05). Circulating serum SIRT2 levels negatively correlate with vital capacity before 4-week intervention(p < 0.05). Circulating serum IGF1/IGFBP3 levels positively correlate with vital capacity after 4-week intervention(p < 0.05).
Conclusions:
4-week exercise training and calorie restriction may upregulate Sirt1 gene expression in nucleus and downregulate mRNA translation in cytoplasm,which in turn, reduced circulating Sirt1 and Sirt2.
Integrated Predictive Analysis for Periodontal Disease and Malocclusion Detection in Dentistry using Deep Learning and CNN-based Decision Making
Authors: M Naresh Kumar , TK Lakshmi , SLAVAKKAM DILLI BABU , Ch Ramesh Babu , Pamula Rajendra 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The complete digitalization of the healthcare industry, particularly in the field of dentistry, is necessary to ensure timely and accurate diagnoses, effective patient management, and reliable predictive capabilities. Untreated oral conditions have the potential to cause significant discomfort and harm to the teeth. This study suggests employing digitalization and machine learning classifiers as a potential solution to mitigate the effects of Periodontitis. Effective decision-making is a critical aspect of dentistry, particularly in the areas of treatment planning, management, and chairside efficiency. The application of computer resources and technologies is being optimised through the gradual replacement of manual processes with computer-assisted decision-making, thereby ensuring effectiveness and efficiency. The utilisation of artificial intelligence and virtual reality has led to notable advancements in disease detection, identification, diagnosis, pre- and post-treatment planning, patient management, and computer-assisted surgeries. The present study suggests the utilisation of convolutional neural networks (CNN) as a potential solution to tackle the issue of malocclusion, a condition that results in anomalous positioning of teeth and jaws, thereby impacting the facial appearance during smiling. This work we employ a multi-factor analysis (MFA) model, cross-validation techniques, feature extraction, and ensemble learning to conduct predictive analysis on chronic localised and chronic generalised periodontitis. The study developed a dataset comprising of 1000 patients, and assessed the classification accuracies of various classifiers including Naïve Bayes, Support Vector Machine, Random Forest, Logistic Regression, K Nearest Neighbours, and Decision Tree. The obtained accuracies were 95.5%, 100%, 100%, 100%, 99.5%, and 99%, respectively. Orthodontic treatments are a viable solution for correcting misalignment. The dataset utilised in this study comprises of RGB images depicting patients' teeth exhibiting malocclusion as well as those with properly aligned teeth. The CNN algorithm was employed to differentiate between normal and malocclusion images, yielding a precision rate of 98.95%. The implementation of this technology has the potential to aid orthodontic professionals in making informed decisions and developing accurate treatment plans for the creation of aligners and the anticipation of tooth extraction requirements.
Exploring the Role of Phase Change Materials in Low-Temperature Solar Thermal Applications: An Extensive Overview with challenges and opportunities
Authors: Vasudevan Gopi , Muthuvairavan Guna , Suraparaju Subbarama Kousik , Yadav Aman , Samykano Mahendran , NATARAJAN SENDHIL KUMAR 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Solar energy is widely acknowledged as a renewable and environmentally friendly energy source. Efficient storage of heat energy is a crucial challenge in solar thermal applications. Phase Change Materials (PCMs) have gained prominence due to their unique ability to store and release thermal energy through phase transition. The advantageous characteristic of PCMs is their low melting point, facilitating efficient heat storage and retrieval through latent heat of vaporization. This comprehensive review focuses on selecting suitable PCMs for diverse applications, considering their melting point and thermal properties. PCMs with high heat capacity and excellent solar radiation absorption are particularly favored in solar applications, especially for systems requiring large thermal energy storage (TES) capacities. In conclusion, this review underscores the importance of PCMs in solar energy applications, emphasizing their role in practical heat storage and release. By careful selection of PCMs based on melting point and thermal properties, the performance and efficiency of solar thermal systems can be optimized, contributing to a greener and more sustainable future.
Identification and Exploration of Novel Predictive Markers, Tumor-Related Biomarkers, in Preeclampsia
Authors: Yang Mei , Wang Menghui , Zhu Qing , Zhang Xin , Li Nanfang 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Purpose:To explore whether significant differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the blood circulation of preeclampsia patients can truly reflect placental function, predict the development of disease, and explain the pathogenesis of preeclampsia.Methods:The main method of our study is biological information technology.The microarray dataset GSE48424 was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The DEGs were identified by GEO2R, and functional enrichment analyses were performed by the R package/a free online platform (https://www.bioinformatics.com.cn). The protein‒protein interaction network (PPI) was constructed, and module analysis was performed using STRING and Cytoscape. R language was used for the visualization of the results. GraphPad Prism was used to generate graphs. logFC (fold change) >0.58 and adj. P values<0.05 were considered statistically significant.Results:A total of 178 DEGs were obtained, consisting of 121 downregulated genes and 57 upregulated genes. Five hub genes were identified and considered to be significant according to scores calculated by Cytoscape. The enriched functions and pathways analysis revealed that these genes were mainly enriched in regulation of the ERK1 and ERK2 cascade. Differential expression ofTLR4,SMAD4,POU5F1,MAP2K1, andRAB1Awas significant in blood circulation and placental tissues of preeclampsia.Conclusion:TheTLR4,SMAD4,POU5F1,MAP2K1, andRAB1Agenes may be predicted targets to prevent preeclampsia development. Moreover, these genes could truly reflect placental function and nicely explain the pathogenesis of preeclampsia from a molecular biology perspective.
The effects of aerobic exercises compared to conventional chest physiotherapy on pulmonary function, functional capacity, sputum culture, and quality of life in children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis: a study protocol for randomized controlled trial study
Authors: Hamedi Nadia , Kajbafvala Mehrnaz , Shahali Shabnam , Pourahmadi Mohammadreza , Eshghi Alireza , Estahbanati Mohammadreza Modaresi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by abnormal function of the chloride ion channel, and characterized by pancreatic insufficiency, and chronic endobronchial airway infection. Pulmonary dysfunction is very common and could lead to a reduction in the quality of life. Airway Clearance Techniques (ACT) and physical exercises are introduced as one of the main components of treatment. Therefore, it will be of interest to examine the effect of aerobic exercises compared to Conventional Physiotherapy (CPT) on pulmonary function, exercise capacity, functional capacity, sputum culture, and quality of life in patients with CF.
Methods
Thirty Patients with CF will participate in a double-blind parallel controlled trial containing 18 sessions of treatment. Group A consists of CPT and placebo aerobic exercise, and group B includes aerobic exercise and placebo CPT. Pulmonary function, functional capacity, sputum culture, and quality of life will be evaluated with a spirometry test, 6-minute walk test (6MWT), sputum culture test, and the Cystic Fibrosis Questionnaire-Revised (CFQ-R), respectively before and after the intervention.
Discussion
We will evaluate and compare the effectiveness of aerobic exercises and conventional chest physiotherapy on pulmonary function, functional capacity, sputum culture, and quality of life. Comparing these two treatment patterns can contribute to a better understanding of the effectiveness. Therefore, if there is a significant difference between two treatments, the superior treatment will be prioritized clinically.
Trial registration:
This trial is registered at https://www.irct.ir, under trial number IRCT20210505051181N5, approved at 2/19/2023.
A short and efficient Formal Synthesis of R-Pipecolic Acid from the Ring expansion of Chiral Aziridine
Authors: Pareek Archana , Khom Sonam Tashi , Saikia Pranjit , Yadav Nagendra Nath 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Ring expansion of 4-(R)-1-(R)-1-phenylethyl)aziridin-2-yl)butyl 4-tosylate obtained from tosylation of 4-(R)-1-(R)-1-phenylethyl)aziridin-2-yl)butan-1-ol via formation of 1-azabicyclo[4.1.0]heptane tosylate gives substituted piperidine. The ring openings of azabicycloheptane tosylate with acetate nucleophiles proceeded in highly regio- and stereoselective manner with release of the ring-strain of the three-member aziridine ring through the breakage of either C-N bond. This ring expansion streategy of aziridine provides a short route for asymmetric synthesis of biologically active natural alkaloid such as R-Pipecolic acid.
The influence of placenta microbiota of normal term pregnant women on immune regulation during pregnancy
Authors: Yang Ping , Lu Tong , Liang Xinyuan , Huang Ting , Wu Lulu , He Zonglin , Xiao Xiaomin , fan shangrong 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
The concerted regulation of placenta microbiota and the immune responses secures the occurrence and development of pregnancy, while few studies reported this correlation. This study aimed to explore the relationship between the placenta microbiota and immune regulation during pregnancy.
Methods
26 healthy pregnant women scheduled for elective cesarean section in the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University who met the inclusion criteria were recruited. Placenta and peripheral venous blood samples were collected. Microbiota in placental tissue was detected using high-throughput sequencing. Flow cytometry was used to detect immune cells in placental tissue and peripheral venous blood. ELISA and Luminex liquid chip technology were used to detect the content of cytokines in placental tissue and peripheral venous blood, respectively.
Results
The placental microbiota has stimulating effects on the local immunity of the placenta and mainly stimulates the placental balance ratio CD56 + CD16+/CD56 + CD16 and the placental macrophages, that is, it plays the role of immune protection and supporting nutrition. The stimulating effect of placental microbiota on maternal systemic immunity mainly induces peripheral Treg cells and B lymphocytes.
Conclusion
The placental microbiota may be an important factor mediating local immune regulation in the placenta, and placental microbiota participates in the regulatory function of the maternal immune system.
Genome-wide association study adjusting for familial relatedness identifies novel loci for food intake in the UK Biobank
Authors: Hoang Tung , Cho Sooyoung , Choi Ji-Yeob , Kang Daehee , Shin Aesun 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This study aimed to identify genetic risk loci associated with dietary intake using recently revealed data of over 93 million variants from the UK Biobank. By adjusting for familial relatedness among individuals in a linear mixed model, we identified a total of 399 genomic risk loci for the consumption of red meat (n = 15), processed meat (n = 12), poultry (n = 1), total fish (n = 28), milk (n = 50), cheese (n = 59), total fruits (n = 82), total vegetables (n = 50), coffee (n = 33), tea (n = 40), and alcohol (n = 57). Of these, 13 variants in previous study did not reach suggestive significant level (p = 1.0e-5). Under the LDAK model, the heritability (h2) was highest for the consumption of cheese (h2 = 10.48%), alcohol (h2 = 9.71%) and milk (h2 = 9.01%), followed by tea (h2 = 8.34%) and fruits (h2 = 7.83%). Of these, the highest genetic correlation (r2) was observed between milk and tea consumption (r2 = 0.86). Post-GWA analyses were further conducted to identify variant annotations and functional pathways using summary statistics. Overall, by analyzing the updated data with adjustment for familial relatedness in this large-scale database, we identified several novel loci for food intake. Further investigations in other populations are needed to understand the contribution of genetic factors to dietary habits in populations of various ethnic backgrounds.
A multiplex crystal digital PCR for detection and quantitation of porcine circovirus type 2 and type 3
Authors: Shuai Jiangbing , Chen Kexin , Wang Zhongcai , Zeng Ruoxue , Ma Biao , Zhang Mingzhou , Song Houhui , Zhang Xiaofeng 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Porcine circovirus (PCV) has become one of the major diseases costing huge economic losses in global pig industry, and PCV type 2 (PCV2) and 3 (PCV3) infections are widespread worldwide. A multiplex crystal digital PCR (cdPCR) was developed with three pairs of specific primers and corresponding probes targeting the Rep region of PCV2, the Cap region of PCV3, and an external process control gene (EPC), respectively, after optimization of the concentration of primers and probes, and annealing temperature. The results showed that the multiplex cdPCR exhibited precise and differential detection capabilities for PCV2 and PCV3 with limit of detection of 1.39×101 and 1.27×101 copies/reaction respectively, whereas no cross-reaction with other porcine viruses. The intra-assay and inter-assay coefficients of variation (CV) were less than 8.75%, indicating good repeatability and reproducibility. Then, PCV2 and PCV3 were detected simultaneously in 40 tissue samples and 70 feed samples with cdPCR and quantitative PCR (qPCR). For tissue samples, crystal dPCR and qPCR had similar positive rates for PCV2 (52.17% vs 54.35%), PCV3 (4.35% vs 2.17%) and co-infection of both viruses (13.04% vs 10.87%). However, in feed samples, the positive detection rate of PCV2 (20%) and co-infection (12.86%) by the cdPCR was surprisingly higher than the qPCR (12.86% and 0%). Accordingly, the highly specific and sensitive multiplex crystal dPCR allowed us to accurately detect PCV2 and PCV3 simultaneously, and is particularly well suited for applications that require the detection of small amounts of input nucleic acid or samples with intensive processing and complex matrix.