bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The psychometrics of the Persian version of the perfectionistic self‐presentation scale–junior form
Authors: Peimanpak Faezeh , Abdollahi Abbas , Hosseinian Simin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe perfectionistic self‐presentation scale (PSPS)–junior form is a self‐report questionnaire used to measure perfectionistic self‐presentation in children and adolescents. It consists of 18 items and 3 subscales, including perfectionistic self‐promotion, non‐display of imperfection, and nondisclosure of imperfection.MethodsThe present study aimed to determine the psychometrics of the Persian version of the PSPS. A descriptive study was conducted on 345 samples (269 girls) who responded to the questionnaire.ResultsThe findings confirmed the internal consistency and composite reliability (CR) of this scale (CR = 0.744). Further, the Persian PSPS has acceptable face and content validities. Construct and convergent validities were also measured and confirmed by confirmatory factor analysis. The correlational analysis of the research variables showed that the PSPS is positively correlated with the Child‐Adolescent Perfectionism Scale (0.566) and the children's and adolescents’ dysfunctional attitudes scale (0.420).ConclusionOverall, the results indicated that the Persian version of the PSPS has acceptable psychometrics and can yield accurate results in Iranian samples.
Analysis of tourism and sustainable development in MENA economies
Authors: Osinubi Tolulope , Ajide Folorunsho , Osinubi Olufemi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe existing studies suggest that the tourism sector may fast track the achievement of sustainable development due to its ability to guarantee the renewability of natural resources and the preservation of the ecosystem. Scholars also opine that tourist activities involve transportation that utilizes fossil fuels and non‐renewable energy sources. This implies that tourism may contribute to environmental degradation and slow down the achievement of the sustainable development agenda. In this paper, we contribute to this debate by examining the dynamic relationship between tourism and sustainable development in the case of the MENA region. Employing panel vector autoregressive based on the generalized method of moments framework (GMM‐PVAR) on data spanning from 1995 to 2019, we document that there is a positive and dynamic relationship between tourism and sustainable development in the MENA region. Further analysis shows that there is a bi‐causal relationship between the two variables; implying that they have a powerful prediction content of each other. The study recommends that effort should be made to develop pertinent policies to promote ecotourism in the region.
Qatari mothers’ beliefs in child disciplinary methods and their reported use: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Kamal Madeeha , Ali Samer , Dargham Soha , Mahfoud Ziyad , Lynch Margaret A. , Mian Marcellina 
Published: May 2023

AbstractViolent child discipline is a widespread phenomenon that can have devastating short‐ and long‐term consequences for an individual's physical, mental and social wellbeing. Parents' beliefs and expressed ideas about child discipline, both violent and non‐violent, can differ from their practice. This study identifies which disciplinary methods Qatari mothers believe to be the most successful in changing their child's behaviour and compares them to the ones they report actually using. Using a cross‐sectional design, a representative sample of Qatari mothers completed an anonymous standardised questionnaire, the International Society for the Prevention of Child Abuse and Neglect Child Abuse Screening Tool for Parents. The majority (96.9 per cent) of Qatari mothers reported believing in non‐violent disciplinary methods (NVDMs) in changing their child's behaviour and those believing only in such methods are more likely to use only them compared to those mothers believing in a mixture of methods (30.9 vs. 6.7 per cent, chi‐squared value [𝜒2] = 83.5, P value <0.001). Still, 44.9 and 5.2 per cent of Qatari mothers believing in only NVDMs also used at least one moderate and one severe physical method, respectively. Much public education is needed to increase Qatari mothers' awareness in of the benefits of NVDMs, to foster a belief in their efficacy and to support using them.
Multi‐level crowd simulation using social LSTM
Authors: Yu Yingfei , Xiang Wei , Jin Xiaogang 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDue to the complex and subtle behaviors of humans, realistic crowd simulation is difficult. To that end, we propose a novel crowd simulation method that can generate realistic crowd animations with behaviors similar to real crowds and model complex pedestrian behaviors at multiple levels using social long short‐term memory (LSTM) neural networks. At the high level, our multi‐level simulation model provides global group navigation while at the low level, it can simulate local individual interactions with collision avoidance. We introduce a data‐driven method using an improved social LSTM for learning local motion decisions from real pedestrian trajectories in order to capture the subtle movements of the crowd. To achieve scalability, we formulate the low‐level and high‐level motion control in a force‐based scheme. Extensive simulation results demonstrate that our method can produce realistic crowd animations in a variety of scenarios. Evaluations in various metrics show that our method produces better crowd behaviors than previous methods.
Using humor to increase COVID‐19 vaccination intention for the unvaccinated: The moderating role of trust in government
Authors: Yoon Hye Jin , Lee Jongmin , Han Jeong Yeob , Ko Youngjee , Kim Hanyoung , Seo Youngji , Seo Ja Kyung 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSince COVID‐19 was declared a global pandemic, scholars and practitioners have put much effort into testing effective advertising strategies for COVID‐19 vaccinations. Guided by humor theories, this study aimed to examine (1) the effect of humor on persuading COVID‐19 vaccination and (2) the moderating role of trust in government for the unvaccinated population. Across two studies (college students and general adult populations), for lower trust in government individuals, through greater public service advertisement (PSA) processing depth and believability, there was a higher vaccination intention after the humor (non‐humor) advertisement. For higher trust in government individuals, there was evidence that the vaccination intention was lowered after the humor (vs. non‐humor) message through lowered PSA processing depth and believability. This study expands humor theory into testing COVID‐19 vaccination messages while considering an individual psychological factor, trust in the government, that has emerged as an essential determinant to COVID‐19 messaging. The contributions to COVID‐19 vaccination advertising strategy and advertising to the unvaccinated population, in general, are discussed.
Catastrophic complications of PVL‐MRSA necrotizing pneumonia presenting as respiratory failure and rhabdomyolysis, case report and review of the literature
Authors: Alawad Mouhammad J. , Zara Sabeen , Elgohari Ahmad , Ibrahim Abdulsalam Saif , Abdel Hadi Hamad 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPanton‐Valentine leucocidin toxin‐producing methicillin‐resistant staphylococcus aureus is an important uncommon cause of community‐acquired pneumonia; we describe a case of necrotizing pneumonia presenting as respiratory failure necessitating early initiation of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, acute kidney injury and rhabdomyolysis, awareness, prompt recognition and appropriate management are crucial due to possible significant pathology.
Pyramidal lobe‐dominant papillary thyroid carcinoma—A rare entity with important clinical implications
Authors: Messias Henrique , Sequeira Maria Luísa , Nogueira Ricardo , Zagalo Carlos , Martins Mariluz , Gomes Pedro 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPapillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) primarily located in the pyramidal lobe of the thyroid gland is extremely rare, therefore the clinical and pathological features are not well understood. The authors describe a case of PTC of the pyramidal lobe, in a 77‐year‐old woman who underwent en bloc total thyroidectomy with pyramidal lobe, hyoid bone and cervical lymph node excision. In line with the present case, current literature reports a greater presence of worse prognostic factors, namely extrathyroidal extension, advanced T stage or presence of cervical lymph node metastasis. Recently, a new classification has been suggested—Upper Neck Papillary Thyroid Cancer (UPTC)—which encompasses these carcinomas, Delphi ganglion metastases and thyroglossal duct cyst carcinomas, with potential clinical and therapeutic implications, particularly the need for orthotopic thyroidectomy. Also, the complete excision of the pyramidal lobe during thyroidectomy may influence the success of radioactive iodine therapy and the patient's follow‐up surveillance.
Papillary thyroid neoplasm: An incidental malignant nodule
Authors: Haque Mahfujul Z. , Burcescu Michael , Sajjad Zirak 
Published: May 2023

Key Clinical MessagePapillary thyroid cancer (PTC), a common neoplasm originating from thyroid follicular cells, represents 85% of thyroid malignancy. PTC is known to metastasize to adjacent structures. Studies report that 5–15% of detected thyroid nodules represent malignancy; here, we report a 51‐year‐old woman with incidental thyroid nodules identified on the cervical spine.
Effects of Large Particles in Pipe Flow at Low and Moderate Reynolds Numbers
Authors: Revstedt Johan , Innings Fredrik , Arlov Dragana 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe presence of solid particles in a Newtonian liquid flow will affect the properties of the flow. For small particles these effects are fairly well understood and models, for example for the pressure drop in particle laden pipe flows have been present for a long time. However, the behavior of liquids laden with large particles are less well understood. In the present study, large particles of spherical shape are considered. By large is here meant particles that are of the same size as the large scale length scales of the flow and larger. The effect of particles volume fraction on parameters such as pressure drop and velocity distribution in the pipe flow is investigated. The sizes of the particles are 17 % and 40 % of the pipe diameter and the volume fraction is varied between 5 % and 20 %.
Mechanistic Investigations on Bismuth Catalyzed Reduction of Ketones and Phosphine Oxides
Authors: Benny Annabel , Sharma Deepti , Ankur  , Rajeshkumar Thayalan , Maron Laurent , Venugopal Ajay 
Published: May 2023

AbstractLewis acidic bismuth compounds have found catalytic applications in the reduction of unsaturated bonds. In this work, we present the inferences from the mechanistic studies on the catalytic reduction of ketones and phosphine oxides using the organobismuth dication [NMe2C6H4Bi(L)3][Al{OC(CF3)3}4]2 in the presence of silanes as reducing agents. Experiments and computations converge to a Si−H activation pathway in the reduction process.
Electrophilic Si−H Activation by Acetonitrilo Benzo[h]quinoline Iridacycles: Influence of Electronic Effects in Catalysis
Authors: Behzadi Masoumeh , Gajendramurthy Chunchesh Malangi , Boucher Mélanie , Deraedt Christophe , Cornaton Yann , Karmazin Lydia , Gruber Nathalie , Bertani Philippe , Djukic Jean‐Pierre 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe performance of six newly synthesized benzo[h]quinoline‐derived acetonitrilo pentamethylcyclopentadienyl iridium(III) tetrakis(3,5‐bis‐trifluoromethylphenyl)borate salts bearing different substituents −X (−OMe, −H, −Cl, −Br, −NO2 and −(NO2)2) on the heterochelating ligand were evaluated in the dehydro‐O‐silylation of benzyl alcohol and the monohydrosilylation of 4‐methoxybenzonitrile by Et3SiH, two reactions involving the electrophilic activation of the Si−H bond. The benchmark shows a direct dependence of the catalytic efficiency with the electronic effect of −X, which is confirmed by theoretical assessment of the intrinsic silylicities Π of hydridoiridium(III)‐silylium adducts and by the theoretical evaluation of the propensity of hydridospecies to transfer the hydrido ligand to the activated substrate. The revisited analysis of the Ir−Si−H interactions shows that the most cohesive bond in hydridoiridium(III)‐silylium adducts is the Ir−H one, while the Ir−Si is a weak donor‐acceptor dative bond. The Si…H interaction in all the cases is noncovalent in nature and dominated by electrostatics confirming the heterolytic cleavage of the hydrosilane's Si−H bond in this key catalytically relevant species.
PtII−N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes in Solvent‐Free Alkene Hydrosilylation
Authors: Maliszewski Benon P. , Bayrakdar Tahani A. C. A. , Lambert Perrine , Hamdouna Lama , Trivelli Xavier , Cavallo Luigi , Poater Albert , Beliš Marek , Lafon Olivier , Van Hecke Kristof , Ormerod Dominic , Cazin Catherine S. J. , Nahra Fady , Nolan Steven P. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHerein, we report the catalytic activity of a series of platinum(II) pre‐catalysts, bearing N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands, in the alkene hydrosilylation reaction. Their structural and electronic properties are fully investigated using X‐ray diffraction analysis and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). Next, our study presents a structure‐activity relationship within this group of pre‐catalysts and gives mechanistic insights into the catalyst activation step. An exceptional catalytic performance of one of the complexes is observed, reaching a turnover number (TON) of 970 000 and a turnover frequency (TOF) of 40 417 h−1 at 1 ppm catalyst loading. Finally, an attractive solvent‐free and open‐to‐air alkene hydrosilylation protocol, featuring efficient platinum removal (reduction of residual Pt from 582 ppm to 5.8 ppm), is disclosed.
Inversion of Diaza[5]Helicenes Through an N−N Bond Breaking Pathway
Authors: Kobayashi Toshifumi , Ishiwari Fumitaka , Fukushima Takanori , Nojima Yuki , Hasegawa Masashi , Mazaki Yasuhiro , Hanaya Kengo , Sugai Takeshi , Higashibayashi Shuhei 
Published: May 2023

Abstract1,1’,10,10’‐Biphenothiazine and its S,S,S’,S’‐tetroxide are diaza[5]helicenes with N−N linkages. Kinetic experiments on racemization together with DFT calculations revealed that they undergo inversion through the N−N bond breaking pathway rather than the general conformational pathway. In these diaza[5]helicenes with this inversion mechanism, the reduction of electronic repulsion in the N−N bond by modification of S to SO2 at the outer position of the helix led to a significantly higher inversion barrier, 35.3 kcal/mol, compared to [5]helicene. 1,1’,10,10’‐Biphenothiazine S,S,S’,S’‐tetroxide was highly resistant to acid‐mediated N−N bond breaking and racemization under acidic conditions.
Lower risk of depression after smoking cessation and alcohol abstinence in patients with gastric cancer who underwent gastrectomy: A population‐based, nationwide cohort study
Authors: Kim Bokyung , Han Kyungdo , Chung Hyunsoo , Kim Sang Gyun , Cho Soo‐Jeong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundAlthough depression is associated with poor treatment outcomes in patients with cancer, little is known about whether lifestyle modifications could help prevent depression. The authors aimed to identify the effect of lifestyle modifications, including smoking cessation, alcohol abstinence, and starting regular physical activity, on new‐onset depression in patients with gastric cancer who underwent surgery.MethodsBy using the Korean National Health Insurance Service database, patients with gastric cancer who underwent surgery between 2010 and 2017 were identified. Self‐reported lifestyle behaviors within 2 years before and after surgery were analyzed using the health examination database. Patients were classified according to changes in lifestyle behaviors, and their risk of new‐onset depression was compared.ResultsAmong 18,902 patients, 2302 (12.19%) developed depression (26.00 per 1000 person‐years). Smoking cessation (hazard ratio [HR], 0.77; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.66–0.91) and alcohol abstinence (HR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.69–0.90) were associated with reduced risk of depression development compared with persistent smoking and persistent drinking, respectively. Starting regular physical activity was not associated with risk of depression. When lifestyle behaviors after gastrectomy were scored from 0 to 3 points (1 point each for not smoking, not drinking, and being physically active), the risk of depression tended to decrease as lifestyle scores increased from 0 points (reference) to 1 point (HR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.55–0.83), 2 points (HR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.50–0.76), and 3 points (HR, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.45–0.68).ConclusionsSmoking cessation and alcohol abstinence are associated with reduced risk of developing depression in patients with gastric cancer who undergo surgery.
Acetylene Reduction Assay: A Measure of Nitrogenase Activity in Plants and Bacteria
Authors: Montes‐Luz Bruna , Conrado Ana Caroline , Ellingsen Jared K. , Monteiro Rose Adele , de Souza Emanuel Maltempi , Stacey Gary 
Published: May 2023

AbstractNitrogen is one of the most abundant elements in the biosphere, but its gaseous form is not biologically available to many organisms, including plants and animals. Diazotrophic microorganisms can convert atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia, a form that can be absorbed by plants in a process called biological nitrogen fixation (BNF). BNF is catalyzed by the enzyme nitrogenase, which not only reduces N2 to NH3, but also reduces other substrates such as acetylene. The acetylene reduction assay (ARA) can be used to measure nitrogenase activity in diazotrophic organisms, either in symbiotic associations or in their free‐living state. The technique uses gas chromatography to measure the reduction of acetylene to ethylene by nitrogenase in a simple, quick, and inexpensive manner. Here, we demonstrate how to: prepare nodulated soybean plants and culture free‐living Azospirillum brasilense for the ARA, use the gas chromatograph to detect the ethylene formed, and calculate the nitrogenase activity based on the peaks generated by the chromatograph. The methods shown here using example organisms can be easily adapted to other nodulating plants and diazotrophic bacteria. © 2023 Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Acetylene reduction assay in root nodulesBasic Protocol 2: Acetylene reduction assay using diazotrophic bacteriaBasic Protocol 3: Calculation of nitrogenase activitySupport Protocol 1: Production of acetylene from calcium carbideSupport Protocol 2: Calibration of the gas chromatographSupport Protocol 3: Total protein quantification
A multisite comparison using electronic health records and natural language processing to identify the association between suicidality and hospital readmission amongst patients with eating disorders
Authors: Cliffe Charlotte , Cusick Marika , Vellupillai Sumithra , Shear Matthew , Downs Johnny , Epstein Sophie , Pathak Jyotishman , Dutta Rina 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo describe and compare the association between suicidality and subsequent readmission for patients hospitalized for eating disorder treatment, within 2 years of discharge, at two large academic medical centers in two different countries.MethodsOver an 8‐year study window from January 2009 to March 2017, we identified all inpatient eating disorder admissions at Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA (WCM) and South London and Maudsley Foundation NHS Trust, London, UK (SLaM). To establish each patient's—suicidality profile, we applied two natural language processing (NLP) algorithms, independently developed at the two institutions, and detected suicidality in clinical notes documented in the first week of admission. We calculated the odds ratios (OR) for any subsequent readmission within 2 years postdischarge and determined whether this was to another eating disorder unit, other psychiatric unit, a general medical hospital admission or emergency room attendance.ResultsWe identified 1126 and 420 eating disorder inpatient admissions at WCM and SLaM, respectively. In the WCM cohort, evidence of above average suicidality during the first week of admission was significantly associated with an increased risk of noneating disorder‐related psychiatric readmission (OR 3.48 95% CI = 2.03–5.99, p‐value < .001), but a similar pattern was not observed in the SLaM cohort (OR 1.34, 95% CI = 0.75–2.37, p = .32), there was no significant increase in risk of admission. In both cohorts, personality disorder increased the risk of any psychiatric readmission within 2 years.DiscussionPatterns of increased risk of psychiatric readmission from above average suicidality detected via NLP during inpatient eating disorder admissions differed in our two patient cohorts. However, comorbid diagnoses such as personality disorder increased the risk of any psychiatric readmission across both cohorts.Public SignificanceSuicidality amongst is eating disorders is an extremely common presentation and it is important we further our understanding of identifying those most at risk. This research also provides a novel study design, comparing two NLP algorithms on electronic health record data based in the United States and United Kingdom on eating disorder inpatients. Studies researching both UK and US mental health patients are sparse therefore this study provides novel data.
Supervised versus unsupervised approaches to classification of accelerometry data
Authors: Sur Maitreyi , Hall Jonathan C. , Brandt Joseph , Astell Molly , Poessel Sharon A. , Katzner Todd E. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSophisticated animal‐borne sensor systems are increasingly providing novel insight into how animals behave and move. Despite their widespread use in ecology, the diversity and expanding quality and quantity of data they produce have created a need for robust analytical methods for biological interpretation. Machine learning tools are often used to meet this need. However, their relative effectiveness is not well known and, in the case of unsupervised tools, given that they do not use validation data, their accuracy can be difficult to assess. We evaluated the effectiveness of supervised (n = 6), semi‐supervised (n = 1), and unsupervised (n = 2) approaches to analyzing accelerometry data collected from critically endangered California condors (Gymnogyps californianus). Unsupervised K‐means and EM (expectation–maximization) clustering approaches performed poorly, with adequate classification accuracies of <0.8 but very low values for kappa statistics (range: −0.02 to 0.06). The semi‐supervised nearest mean classifier was moderately effective at classification, with an overall classification accuracy of 0.61 but effective classification only of two of the four behavioral classes. Supervised random forest (RF) and k‐nearest neighbor (kNN) machine learning models were most effective at classification across all behavior types, with overall accuracies >0.81. Kappa statistics were also highest for RF and kNN, in most cases substantially greater than for other modeling approaches. Unsupervised modeling, which is commonly used for the classification of a priori‐defined behaviors in telemetry data, can provide useful information but likely is instead better suited to post hoc definition of generalized behavioral states. This work also shows the potential for substantial variation in classification accuracy among different machine learning approaches and among different metrics of accuracy. As such, when analyzing biotelemetry data, best practices appear to call for the evaluation of several machine learning techniques and several measures of accuracy for each dataset under consideration.