bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Individual health status as a resource: Analyzing associations between perceived illness symptom severity, burnout, and work engagement among employees with autoimmune diseases
Authors: Cook Alexandra (Sasha) , Zill Alexander 
Published: February 2023

AbstractEpidemiological data suggest that the prevalence of autoimmune diseases is increasing. Although evidence implies that people with chronic illnesses experience higher levels of burnout, there are few available insights for developing preventative interventions. This paper builds on the conservation of resources (COR) and the job demands–resources (JD‐R) framework to investigate the association between impaired health, burnout, and work engagement. In two studies, we research the role of health status as a resource, respectively, autoimmune illness symptom severity as a diminished resource, and investigate its variance explanation in burnout and work engagement above and beyond the effects of job demands and resources. Study 1 investigated the hypotheses among 87 employees with inflammatory bowel diseases. Controlling for job demands and resources, symptom severity was positively associated with (exhaustion) burnout and negatively associated with work engagement. In Study 2, we applied mixed model analyses using a sample of 129 employees with multiple sclerosis. We found significant associations of symptom severity on burnout and vigor work engagement above and beyond the effects of job demands and social support. Our studies provide important insights for employees with chronic illnesses and the organizations in which they work and give indications for theory development, future research, and the development of interventions.
Robotic gastrectomy for remnant gastric cancer after pancreaticoduodenectomy
Authors: Ito Sunao , Sagawa Hiroyuki , Yamamoto Seiya , Saito Masaki , Ueno Shuhei , Hayakawa Shunsuke , Okubo Tomotaka , Tanaka Tatsuya , Ogawa Ryo , Takahashi Hiroki , Matsuo Yoichi , Mitsui Akira , Kimura Masahiro , Takiguchi Shuji 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe utility of robotic surgery for remnant gastric cancer remains unclear. We report a case of a robotic gastrectomy for remnant gastric cancer after pancreaticoduodenectomy and Child reconstruction with Braun enteroenterostomy. Adhesiolysis, lymphadenectomy, and gastrectomy were robotically performed. Indocyanine green fluorescence imaging confirmed the tissue perfusion of the reconstructive tract. The patient's postoperative course was uneventful. Robotic surgery facilitates safety for gastrectomy after pancreaticoduodenectomy because of its precise manipulation; its advantages can be further exploited by maximizing usage of the assistant's forceps. Indocyanine green fluorescence imaging capability of the da Vinci Xi Surgical System allows timely evaluation of tissue perfusion at the site of interest, leading to a more reliable procedure.
Long‐Termoutcome following surgical excision of large, low to intermediate grade soft tissue sarcomas in dogs
Authors: Davis A , Hosgood G 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionSoft tissue sarcomas (STS) represent a heterogeneous group of tumours, with varying mesenchymal cell origin, size and histological grade. Large soft tissue sarcomas pose a surgical challenge due to feasibility of excision, and are often dismissed as good surgical candidates due to an anticipated poor prognosis.ObjectiveTo evaluate the long‐term outcome of dogs that underwent surgical excision of large (≥5 cm), low to intermediate grade, soft tissue sarcomas.MethodsMedical records of dogs that presented for STS excision between 2009 and 2021 were reviewed. Information was obtained regarding signalment, tumour location and size, preoperative cytology and histology, preoperative imaging, surgical findings, postoperative histological diagnosis and outcome. Dogs were included in the study if they underwent surgical excision of a de novo cutaneous or subcutaneous STS, which measured at least five centimeters in one plane, and was histologically diagnosed as low‐intermediate grade. Long‐term follow‐up data were obtained via consultation, telephone or email.ResultsThirty‐nine dogs with large, low‐intermediate grade STS were included. Most tumours were Grade 1 (28/39), located predominantly on the thigh and thorax (17/39). Tumours were removed by at least a narrow margin excision (≥1 cm) and deep fascial plane in all cases. Histological margins were deemed complete in 15/39, close (1–3 mm) in 8/39, incomplete in 4/39, and unknown in 12/39. All sites were closed primarily, either directly (22/39) or with flap reconstruction (17/39). Long‐term follow‐up (median 1064 days) reported good postoperative function, with owner reported local recurrence in 2/39. Minor complications occurred in 10/39 and major complications requiring surgical intervention occurred in 5/39.Clinical SignificanceLarge, low‐intermediate grade STSs can be surgically excised with good long‐term function and outcome, where consideration is given to appropriate case selection and planning. If skin flap reconstruction is required, owners should be made aware of the possible complications associated with their use.
Programmed death ligand 1 regulates epithelial–mesenchymal transition and cancer stem cell phenotypes in hepatocellular carcinoma through the serum and glucocorticoid kinase 2/β‐catenin signaling pathway
Authors: Kong Xin , Peng Hong , Liu Peng , Fu Xiao , Wang Ni , Zhang Dazhi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractProgrammed death ligand 1 (PD‐L1) plays an important role in the occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The present study indicated that epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and induction of cancer stem cell (CSC)‐like properties contribute to metastasis of cancers. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying PD‐L1 and EMT and CSC phenotypes in HCC remain to be elucidated. Here, we report that PD‐L1 regulates not only EMT but also the stem‐like transition in liver cancer cells. We observed high PD‐L1 expression in CD133+ liver CSCs and CSC‐enriched tumor spheres. Altering PD‐L1 expression promoted liver CSC phenotypes by increasing the expression of stemness genes, the CD133+ cell population sizes, and the ability to form tumor spheres. Programmed death ligand 1 enhanced HCC cell tumorigenicity and invasion in nude mice. Additionally, PD‐L1 overexpression in cells significantly increased cell motility and invasion, as well as the EMT process. Conversely, suppression of PD‐L1 in cells had an opposite effect. Prolonged treatment of HCC cells with Akt inhibitor prefosine leads to activation of serum and glucocorticoid kinase 2 (SGK2) and rescued downregulation of PD‐L1. Mechanistically, PD‐L1 directly interacted with SGK2. Programmed death ligand 1 upregulated SGK2 and activated the SGK2/β‐catenin signaling pathway, and promoted EMT and CSC expansion in liver cancer cells, highlighting the role of SGK2 in PD‐L1‐mediated EMT and CSC phenotypes in liver cancer cells. In conclusion, our findings suggest that PD‐L1 activated the SGK2/β‐catenin signaling pathway, to induce EMT and acquisition of a stem cell phenotype.
Therapeutic implications of crocin in Parkinson's disease: A review of preclinical research
Authors: Goyal Ahsas , Verma Aanchal , Agrawal Anant , Dubey Nandini , Kumar Abhay , Behl Tapan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractParkinson's disease is among the most common forms of neurodegenerative illness, with present treatment being primarily symptomatic and frequently coming with substantial adverse effects. Neuronal degeneration may arise due to a variety of pathological events, like inflammatory responses, neurotransmitter dysregulation, oxidative damage, mitochondrial malfunction, apoptosis, and genetic factors. The health issue and financial burden brought on by Parkinson's disease can worsen as the population ages. In the search for new and secure therapeutic agents for Parkinson's disease, several natural compounds have been shown to exert considerable neuroprotective benefits. Crocin, a naturally occurring carotenoid molecule, was found to have neuroprotective potential in the therapy of this disorder. Taking into account, the outcomes of various studies and the restorative actions of crocin, the present study emphasized the protective ability of crocin in this disease. Given the strong evidence supporting the neuroprotective ability of crocin, it is inferred that crocin inhibits inflammatory, apoptotic, and antioxidant processes through multiple mechanisms. Therefore, this compound is considered a safe and effective therapeutic choice for neurodegenerative illnesses like Parkinson's disease. However, more research on its efficacy as a treatment of Parkinson's disease is needed, specifically examining its mechanisms and the results obtained in clinical trials.
Design, synthesis, and evaluation of 1H‐benzo[d]imidazole‐4‐carboxamide PARP‐1 inhibitors using different saturated nitrogen‐contained heterocycle as linker group
Authors: Wu Kaiyue , Peng Xiaoyu , Li Yang , Chen Miaojia , Liu Yunfan , Liu Dan , Jiang Lizhi , He Yan , Peng Junmei , Cao Xuan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPoly (ADP‐ribose) polymerase‐1 (PARP‐1) inhibitors have been successfully applied in the clinical treatment of various cancer. Side effects and drug resistant cases were reported, and more effective PARP‐1 inhibitors were required. However, studies on the AD site of PARP‐1 inhibitors are currently incomplete. Therefore, to synthesize more potential candidate PARP‐1 inhibitors and disclose some AD site SAR of the PARP‐1 inhibitors, herein, a series of 2‐phenyl‐benzimidazole‐4‐carboxamide derivatives using different saturated nitrogen‐contained heterocycles as linker group (6a‐6t) have been designed, synthesized, and evaluated PARP‐1 inhibitory activity and proliferation inhibitory against BRCA‐1 mutant MDA‐MB‐436 cell line in vitro. The results showed 6b (IC50 = 8.65 nM) exhibited the most PARP‐1 enzyme inhibitory activity comparable with Veliparib (IC50 = 15.54 nM) and Olaparib (IC50 = 2.77 nM); 6m exhibited the strongest MDA‐MB‐436 cell anti‐proliferation activity (IC50 = 25.36 ± 6.06 μM) comparable with Olaparib (IC50 = 23.89 ± 3.81 μM). The compounds 6b, 6r, and 6m could be potential candidates for effective PARP‐1 inhibitors and valuable for further optimization. The analysis of activity data also showed that the holistically anti‐proliferation activity of the 1,4‐diazepane group was about~twofold than that of the piperazine group. Meanwhile, the terminal 3‐methyl‐furanyl group exhibited the most robust PARP‐1 inhibitory and anti‐proliferation activity. It is hoped that the results could benefitable for further optimization of PARP‐1 inhibitors. Furthermore, we note that some compounds (6d,6g,6n,6p,6s) showed poor PARP‐1 inhibitory (>500 nM) but relatively good anti‐proliferation activity, which indicates the proliferation inhibitory mechanism against MDA‐MB‐436 cell line was worth investigating in‐depth.
Infants and toddlers leverage their understanding of action goals to evaluate agents who help others
Authors: Woo Brandon M. , Spelke Elizabeth S. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWhy do infants and toddlers prefer helpers? Four experiments (conducted from 2019–2022;n= 136, 66% White, 15% Asian, 4% Black, 2% Hispanic/Latino, 13% multiracial, majority USA) investigated whether infants and toddlers favor agents whose actions allow others to achieve their goals. In the key experiment, 8‐month‐old infants and 15‐month‐old toddlers viewed a protagonist who tried and failed to open a box that contained a toy while two other agents (helpers) observed; then the toys were exchanged and the helpers opened different boxes. Infants and toddlers differently evaluated the two helpers, consistent with their developing means‐end understanding. Together, the present four experiments connect infants' and toddlers' evaluations of helping to their understanding of goal‐directed behavior.
De‐implementing opioid prescribing in a dental group practice: Lessons learned
Authors: Rindal Donald Brad , Gryczynski Jan , Asche Stephen E. , Truitt Anjali R. , Kane Sheryl M. , Worley Donald C. , Mitchell Shannon G. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundDrug overdose has become a leading cause of accidental death in the United States. Between 2000 and 2015, the rate of deaths from drug overdoses increased 137%, including a 200% increase in the rate of overdose deaths involving opioids (including opioid pain relievers and heroin). Unnecessary opioid prescribing is one of the factors driving this epidemic.ObjectivesThe primary objective of this paper is to share lessons learned while conducting a randomized trial to de‐implement opioids for post‐extraction pain management utilizing clinical decision support (CDS) with and without patient education. The lessons learned from conducting this trial in a real‐world setting can be applied to future dissemination and implementation oral health research.MethodsThe sources informing lessons learned were generated from qualitative interviews conducted with 20 of the forty‐nine dental providers involved in the study following the implementation phase of the trial. Ongoing policy, social and environmental factors were tracked throughout the study.ResultsDental providers in the trial identified the impact of training that involved health professionals sharing information about the personal impact of pain and opioid use. Additionally, they found utility in being presented with a dashboard detailing their prescribing patterns related to other dentists. For the 30 general dentists with access to the CDS, use of its portal varied widely, with most using it 10%–49% of the time related to extractions.ConclusionsIn the context of a downward trend in opioid prescribing and considering the influence of the COVID pandemic during the trial, dental providers indicated benefit in training about negative personal impacts of prescribing opioids, and personally relevant feedback about their prescribing patterns. Only modest use of the CDS was realized. Implementation of this trial was impacted by governmental and health system policies and the COVID pandemic, prompt the consideration of implications regarding continuing ways to limit opioid prescribing among dental providers.
Genetic diversity and IUCN Red List status
Authors: Schmidt Chloé , Hoban Sean , Hunter Margaret , Paz‐Vinas Ivan , Garroway Colin J. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List is an important and widely used tool for conservation assessment. The IUCN uses information about a species’ range, population size, habitat quality and fragmentation levels, and trends in abundance to assess extinction risk. Genetic diversity is not considered, although it affects extinction risk. Declining populations are more strongly affected by genetic drift and higher rates of inbreeding, which can reduce the efficiency of selection, lead to fitness declines, and hinder species’ capacities to adapt to environmental change. Given the importance of conserving genetic diversity, attempts have been made to find relationships between red‐list status and genetic diversity. Yet, there is still no consensus on whether genetic diversity is captured by the current IUCN Red List categories in a way that is informative for conservation. To assess the predictive power of correlations between genetic diversity and IUCN Red List status in vertebrates, we synthesized previous work and reanalyzed data sets based on 3 types of genetic data: mitochondrial DNA, microsatellites, and whole genomes. Consistent with previous work, species with higher extinction risk status tended to have lower genetic diversity for all marker types, but these relationships were weak and varied across taxa. Regardless of marker type, genetic diversity did not accurately identify threatened species for any taxonomic group. Our results indicate that red‐list status is not a useful metric for informing species‐specific decisions about the protection of genetic diversity and that genetic data cannot be used to identify threat status in the absence of demographic data. Thus, there is a need to develop and assess metrics specifically designed to assess genetic diversity and inform conservation policy, including policies recently adopted by the UN's Convention on Biological Diversity Kunming‐Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework.
Evaluating the influence of nature connection and values on conservation attitudes at a tropical deforestation frontier
Authors: Mikołajczak Katarzyna M. , Barlow Jos , Lees Alexander C. , Ives Christopher D. , Strack Micha , de Almeida Oriana Trindade , Souza Agnis C. , Sinclair Frazer , Parry Luke 
Published: February 2023

AbstractInner phenomena, such as personal motivations for pursuing sustainability, may be critical levers for improving conservation outcomes. Most conservation research and policies, however, focus on external phenomena (e.g., ecological change or economic processes). We explored the factors shaping 9 conservation attitudes toward forest and wildlife protection among colonist farmers around an Amazonian deforestation frontier. Our data comprised 241 face‐to‐face quantitative surveys, complemented with qualitative insights from open‐ended questionnaire responses and opportunistic semistructured interviews. To account for the full spectrum of possible inner motivations, we employed measures of nature connection (indicating biospheric motivation) and personal values organized around the traditionalism (traditionalist through to high openness to change) and universalism dimensions (egoistic through to altruistic motivations). We used averaged beta‐binomial generalized linear models to assess the role of external factors (socioeconomic, sociodemographic, and environmental) and personal (inner) motivations on the variation in attitudes. Each attitude was modeled separately. The relative importance of each predictor was judged by the proportion of models where it appeared as significant. Proconservation views were expressed by the majority (at least 65%) of the respondents in 7 out of the 9 attitude models. The most consistent predictors were emotional nature connection and personal values (significant in 4–6 out of 9 models), rather than external phenomena (significant in 0–5 models). However, the poorest farmers had lower scores on the agreement with prioritizing nature over development (𝛽 = –0.52, 95% CI: –0.96 to –0.07). Qualitative data also indicated that economic barriers hinder forest conservation on farms. These results suggest that biospheric, traditionalistic, and altruistic motivations promote people's proconservation attitudes, but nurturing these latent motivations is unlikely to improve conservation outcomes if material poverty remains unaddressed. Integrating the inner–outer perspective into conservation thinking and practical interventions could foster environmental stewardship and increase human well‐being.
An expert‐based system to predict population survival rate from health data
Authors: Schwacke Lori H. , Thomas Len , Wells Randall S. , Rowles Teresa K. , Bossart Gregory D. , Townsend Forrest , Mazzoil Marilyn , Allen Jason B. , Balmer Brian C. , Barleycorn Aaron A. , Barratclough Ashley , Burt Louise , De Guise Sylvain , Fauquier Deborah , Gomez Forrest M. , Kellar Nicholas M. , Schwacke John H. , Speakman Todd R. , Stolen Eric D. , Quigley Brian M. , Zolman Eric S. , Smith Cynthia R. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractTimely detection and understanding of causes for population decline are essential for effective wildlife management and conservation. Assessing trends in population size has been the standard approach, but we propose that monitoring population health could prove more effective. We collated data from 7 bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) populations in the southeastern United States to develop a method for estimating survival probability based on a suite of health measures identified by experts as indices for inflammatory, metabolic, pulmonary, and neuroendocrine systems. We used logistic regression to implement the veterinary expert system for outcome prediction (VESOP) within a Bayesian analysis framework. We fitted parameters with records from 5 of the sites that had a robust network of responders to marine mammal strandings and frequent photographic identification surveys that documented definitive survival outcomes. We also conducted capture–mark–recapture (CMR) analyses of photographic identification data to obtain separate estimates of population survival rates for comparison with VESOP survival estimates. The VESOP analyses showed that multiple measures of health, particularly markers of inflammation, were predictive of 1‐ and 2‐year individual survival. The highest mortality risk 1 year following health assessment related to low alkaline phosphatase (odds ratio [OR] = 10.2 [95% CI: 3.41–26.8]), whereas 2‐year mortality was most influenced by elevated globulin (OR = 9.60 [95% CI: 3.88–22.4]); both are markers of inflammation. The VESOP model predicted population‐level survival rates that correlated with estimated survival rates from CMR analyses for the same populations (1‐year Pearson's r = 0.99, p = 1.52 × 10–5; 2‐year r = 0.94, p = 0.001). Although our proposed approach will not detect acute mortality threats that are largely independent of animal health, such as harmful algal blooms, it can be used to detect chronic health conditions that increase mortality risk. Random sampling of the population is important and advancement in remote sampling methods could facilitate more random selection of subjects, obtainment of larger sample sizes, and extension of the approach to other wildlife species.
Do 50‐year‐old Ramsar criteria still do the best possible job? A plea for broadened scientific underpinning of the global protection of wetlands and migratory waterbirds
Authors: Navedo Juan G. , Piersma Theunis 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWith its focus on wetlands, the Ramsar Convention provides the clearest global agreement helping the conservation of migratory waterbirds. Two specific criteria (5 and 6) support the scientific basis for sites to achieve Ramsar recognition based on waterbird counts, while criterion 4, on species and ecological communities, also plays a role. Other international conventions and agreements follow these criteria. We identify several reasons why the listing thus established can only “catch” the absolute minimum wetland network for the conservation of migratory waterbirds. We argue that individual tracking and modern observational tools allow to better delineate the areas needed to effectively give migratory waterbird populations full life cycle protection. The sophisticated techniques to measure population characteristics now available should be used to modernize the guidance for the application of Criteria 4 and 6 of the Ramsar Convention for waterbirds, based on (i) time spent in a site throughout migration; (ii) critical (“untouchable”) sites; (iii) robustness of designated site network including buffer areas; (iv) full life cycle information—including early life phases; and (v) refuges used on‐and‐off during migration in emergency situations. In these enhanced ways, migratory waterbirds can enact their roles as effective sentinels of the ecological state of the world.