bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relaxed Alert Electroencephalography Screening for Mild Traumatic
Brain Injury in Athletes
Authors: Abdul Baki Samah , Zakeri Zohreh , Chari Geetha , Fenton André , Omurtag Ahmet 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDue to the mildness of initial injury, many athletes with recurrent mild
traumatic brain injury (mTBI) are misdiagnosed with other neuropsychiatric
illnesses. This study was designed as a proof-of-principle feasibility trial for
athletic trainers at a sports facility to generate electroencephalograms (EEGs)
from student athletes for discriminating (mTBI) associated EEGs from uninjured
ones. A total of 47 EEGs were generated, with 30 athletes recruited at baseline
(BL) pre-season, after a concussive injury (IN), and post-season (PS). Outcomes
included: 1) visual analyses of EEGs by a neurologist; 2) support vector machine
(SVM) classification for inferences about whether particular groups belonged to
the three subgroups of BL, IN, or PS; and 3) analyses of EEG synchronies
including phase locking value (PLV) computed between pairs of distinct
electrodes. All EEGs were visually interpreted as normal. SVM classification
showed that BL and IN could be discriminated with 81% accuracy using
features of EEG synchronies combined. Frontal inter-hemispheric phase
synchronization measured by PLV was significantly lower in the IN group. It is
feasible for athletic trainers to record high quality EEGs from student
athletes. Also, spatially localized metrics of EEG synchrony can discriminate
mTBI associated EEGs from control EEGs.
Survey on Oral Health Education Knowledge of Family Members and Health Workers Dedicated to Patients with Disabilities
Authors: Ludovichetti Francesco Saverio , Zuccon Andrea , Lucchi Patrizia , Signoriello Anna Giulia , Stellini Edoardo , Mazzoleni Sergio 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objective Over a billion people in the world live with some form of disability and this figure is destined to grow due to the increase in life expectancy. As consequence, the caregiver is taking on an increasingly important role that gains relevance also in the field of oral-dental prevention, being able to promptly identify needs for medical treatment. In some cases, however, the caregiver can be an obstacle to consider in case of a lack of adequate knowledge and commitment. The aim of this study is to evaluate the caregiver level of oral education comparing family members and health workers dedicated to people with disabilities knowledge.
Materials and Methods Anonymous questionnaires were distributed in five disability service centers and filled alternatively by family members of patients with disability and disability service centers health workers.
Results Two-hundred fifty questionnaires were collected, of which 100 were filled in by family members and 150 by health workers. Data were analyzed by applying the chi-squared (X2) independence test and the pairwise method for missing data.
Conclusion Family members oral education appears better in terms of brushing frequency, toothbrush replacement, and number of dental visits.
Time course of hemispheric cerebral volume after decompressive craniectomy in malignant middle cerebral artery stroke
Authors: Rodrigues Thiago Pereira , Rodrigues Mariana Athaniel Silva , Bocca Leonardo Favi , Neto Feres Eduardo Chaddad , Cavalheiro Sergio , Júnior Edson Amaro , Silva Gisele Sampaio , Suriano Italo Capraro , Centeno Ricardo Silva 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background Brain edema is the leading cause of death in patients with malignant middle cerebral artery (MCA) infarction. Midline shift (MLS) has been used as a monohemispheric brain edema marker in several studies; however, it does not precisely measure brain edema. It is now possible to directly measure hemisphere brain volume. Knowledge about the time course of brain edema after malignant middle cerebral artery infarction may contribute to the condition's management.
Objective Therefore, our goal was to evaluate the course of brain edema in patients with malignant MCA infarction treated with decompressive craniectomy (DC) using hemispheric volumetric measurements.
Methods Patients were selected consecutively from a single tertiary hospital between 2013 and 2019. All patients were diagnosed with malignant middle cerebral artery infarction and underwent a decompressive craniectomy (DC) to treat the ischemic event. All computed tomography (CT) exams performed during the clinical care of these patients were analyzed, and the whole ischemic hemisphere volume was calculated for each CT scan.
Results We analyzed 43 patients (197 CT exams). Patients' mean age at DC was 51.72 [range: 42–68] years. The mean time between the ischemic ictus and DC was 41.88 (range: 6–77) hours. The mean time between the ischemic event and the peak of hemisphere volume was 168.84 (95% confidence interval [142.08, 195.59]) hours.
Conclusion In conclusion, the peak of cerebral edema in malignant MCA infarction after DC occurred on the 7th day (168.84 h) after stroke symptoms onset. Further studies evaluating therapies for brain edema even after DC should be investigated.
Developing an Artificial Intelligence Solution to Autosegment the Edentulous Mandibular Bone for Implant Planning
Authors: Moufti Mohammad Adel , Trabulsi Nuha , Ghousheh Marah , Fattal Tala , Ashira Ali , Danishvar Sebelan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objective Dental implants are considered the optimum solution to replace missing teeth and restore the mouth's function and aesthetics. Surgical planning of the implant position is critical to avoid damage to vital anatomical structures; however, the manual measurement of the edentulous (toothless) bone on cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images is time-consuming and is subject to human error. An automated process has the potential to reduce human errors and save time and costs. This study developed an artificial intelligence (AI) solution to identify and delineate edentulous alveolar bone on CBCT images before implant placement.
Materials and Methods After obtaining the ethical approval, CBCT images were extracted from the database of the University Dental Hospital Sharjah based on predefined selection criteria. Manual segmentation of the edentulous span was done by three operators using ITK-SNAP software. A supervised machine learning approach was undertaken to develop a segmentation model on a “U-Net” convolutional neural network (CNN) in the Medical Open Network for Artificial Intelligence (MONAI) framework. Out of the 43 labeled cases, 33 were utilized to train the model, and 10 were used for testing the model's performance.
Statistical Analysis The degree of 3D spatial overlap between the segmentation made by human investigators and the model's segmentation was measured by the dice similarity coefficient (DSC).
Results The sample consisted mainly of lower molars and premolars. DSC yielded an average value of 0.89 for training and 0.78 for testing. Unilateral edentulous areas, comprising 75% of the sample, resulted in a better DSC (0.91) than bilateral cases (0.73).
Conclusion Segmentation of the edentulous spans on CBCT images was successfully conducted by machine learning with good accuracy compared to manual segmentation. Unlike traditional AI object detection models that identify objects present in the image, this model identifies missing objects. Finally, challenges in data collection and labeling are discussed, together with an outlook at the prospective stages of a larger project for a complete AI solution for automated implant planning.
Incidence of cardioembolic stroke related to atrial fibrillation in Joinville, Brazil
Authors: Diegolli Henrique , Oliveira Raddib Eduardo Noleto da Nobrega , Silva Caroline Figueiredo da , Silva Gustavo Figueiredo da , Souza Felipe Fanine de , Machado Felipe Reinert Avilla , Lacerda Marcelo Pitombeira de 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background Atrial fibrillation (AF) is an important cause of cardioembolic stroke, and population aging has increased its prevalence.
Objective To evaluate the incidence of cardioembolic stroke caused by AF in the city of Joinville, Brazil, as well as previous diagnoses and use of medication.
Methods Between 2017 and 2020 we extracted data from the population-based Joinville Stroke Registry. Demographic characteristics, diagnosis of AF, and patterns of medication use were collected, and the Trial of ORG 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment (TOAST) system was used to classify the etiology.
Results There were 3,303 cases of ischemic stroke, 593 of which were cardioembolic, and 360 had AF. Of the patients with AF, 258 (71.6%) had a previous diagnosis of the disease, and 102 (28.3%) were newly diagnosed after the stroke. Among patients with a previously-diagnosed AF, 170 (47.2%) were using anticoagulants, and 88 (24.4%) were using other medications.
Conclusion During the analyzed period, ischemic stroke caused by AF was a significant burden on the population of Joinville, and a considerable number of patients had undiagnosed or untreated AF.
Sexual dysfunction in Brazilian patients with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Melo Elisa Matias Vieira de , Schoeps Vinicius Andreoli , Oliveira Flavia Fairbanks Lima de , Mendes Maria Fernanda , Olival Guilherme Sciascia do 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background People with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) show an increased risk of sexual dysfunction (SD), both in women and men.
Objective The aim of the present study was to apply the Multiple Sclerosis Intimacy and Sexuality Questionnaire-19 (MSISQ-19) and evaluate our results by comparing them with those in in the literature, as well as to assess the ease of applying the scale and the engagement of the patients in discussing the topic of sexuality.
Methods We developed and applied a web-based Google form questionnaire that the respondents completed online, which included the MSISQ-19, for the assessment of sexual function. Baseline characteristics were reported as proportions and mean ± standard deviation (SD) or median ± interquartile range (IQR) as appropriate according to data distribution. Categorical variables were stratified by sex and compared with chi-squared tests. Statistical analyses were performed using STATA v. 16 (StataCorp., College Station, TX, USA).
Results Of the 621 respondents, 541 were included in the analysis. Among the patients with MS, a total of 347 (64.14%) exhibited SD. When stratified by gender, the frequencies of SD were not significantly different.
Conclusion There is a high incidence of sexual dysfunction among PwMS and we need to identify the reasons for this and implement strategies to treat and counsel our patients. The MSISQ-19 can be used to help clinicians to assess sexual functioning in a quick and easy way and give patients the possibility to address this topic and receive appropriate help and support.
Using the cell phone while standing or walking affects balance and mobility in people with Parkinson's disease
Authors: Lino Tayla Borges , Silva Milena Nunes de Oliveira da , Paula Isabela Corrêa de , Melo Sarah Jane Lemos de , Barbosa Suzi Rosa Miziara , Christofoletti Gustavo 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background Cell phones are part of peoples' lives. The literature indicates risks when cell phones are used during a secondary motor task. Studies addressing this topic in people with Parkinson's disease are still scarce.
Objective To investigate the impact of daily dual tasks with cell phone on balance and mobility in people with Parkinson's disease, compared to healthy control peers.
Methods Participants with Parkinson's disease and controls underwent three motor tasks: (1) Standing and walking without using a cell phone; (2) Standing and walking while talking on the phone; and (3) Standing and walking while texting messages on the phone. Assessments involved balance and mobility tests. Statistical analysis was performed with multivariate analysis of variance, comparing main effect for group (Parkinson's disease × control), task (using × not using cell phone) and interactions (group × task). Significance was set at 5%. Effect sizes are reported.
Results Participants with Parkinson's disease showed worse balance (p = 0.001, effect size of 0.471) and mobility (p = 0.001, effect size of 0.472) than control peers. The use of cell phone while performing a secondary motor task affected both groups (p = 0.005, effect size of 0.673 for balance and p = 0.001, effect size of 0.549 for mobility). The dual task impact, however, was higher in the Parkinson's disease group (p = 0.009, effect size of 0.407 for mobility).
Conclusion Daily dual tasks with cell phones increase imbalance and mobility risks in Parkinson's disease. People should be careful when using their cell phone while standing or walking.
Paddy-field dike
Authors: Matisoff James A. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This brief note proposes a new Proto-Sino-Tibetan etymon for FIELD-DIKE, the dike between irrigated paddy fields, and provides an etymology relating Chinese and Lahu forms. It also discusses related etymologies with similar rhymes in Lahu and their reflexes in Burmese. There is also a postscript on the Written Burmese rhyme -añ.
Topical application of isolated menthol and combined menthol‐capsaicin creams: Exercise tolerance, thermal perception, pain, attentional focus and thermoregulation in the heat
Authors: Peel Jenny , John Kevin , Page Joe , Jeffries Owen , Heffernan Shane M. , Tallent Jamie , Waldron Mark 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACTWe determined the effects of topically applied (i) isolated menthol cream, (ii) menthol and capsaicin co‐application or (iii) placebo cream on exercise tolerance, thermal perception, pain, attentional focus and thermoregulation during exercise in the heat. Ten participants cycled at 70% maximal power output until exhaustion in 35°C and 20% relative humidity after application of (i) 5% isolated menthol, (ii) 5% menthol and 0.025% capsaicin co‐application or (iii) placebo cream. Thermo‐physiological responses were measured during exercise, with attentional focus and pain determined post‐exercise on a 0‐to‐10 scale. Across the three conditions, time to exhaustion was 13.4 ± 4.8 min, mean ± SD infrared tympanic and skin temperature was 37.2 ± 0.6°C and 35.1 ± 1.2°C, respectively, and heart rate was 152 ± 47 bpm, with no changes between conditions (p > 0.05). Perceived exertion was lower in the isolated menthol vs. all other conditions (p < 0.05, ηp2 = 0.44). Thermal sensation was higher in menthol‐capsaicin co‐application vs. isolated menthol (p < 0.05, d = 1.1), while sweat rate was higher for capsaicin and menthol co‐application compared to menthol (p < 0.05, d = 0.85). The median and interquartile range scores for pain were lower (p < 0.05) in the menthol condition (8, 7–8) compared to both menthol and capsaicin (10, 9–10) and placebo (9, 9–10), which was coupled with a greater distraction (p < 0.05) in the menthol condition (9, 7–10) compared to placebo (6, 5–7). Despite no performance effects for any topical cream application condition, these data reiterate the advantageous perceptual and analgesic role of menthol application and demonstrate no advantage of co‐application with capsaicin.
Electrically controllable spin polarization in collinear antiferromagnetic junctions
Authors: Niu Zhi Ping , Wen Xin Pei 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Antiferromagnetic spintronics is a rapidly growing subfield of spintronics in condensed-matter physics and information technology. Electrical current in collinear antiferromagnetic materials is typically spin unpolarized, limiting the realization of antiferromagnetic spintronics effects. Here we study the transport in the collinear antiferromagnetic junctions by applying a transverse electric field E

y
to the antiferromagnets (AFs). The band structures of the collinear AFs may become spin-polarized when the combined time reversal and lattice translation symmetry is broken by E

y
. The separation between spin-up and spin-down bands is controlled by E

y
. Full spin polarization originating from spin-polarized states near the band gap’s edges is observed at high exchange energy. In particular, as E

y
increases, the region capable of generating high spin polarization broadens due to the increased separation between spin-up and spin-down bands. The amplitude and sign of spin polarization can be controlled by E

y
. These characteristics indicate that collinear AF materials are ideal for future spintronics applications.
Hydrodynamic radius dictates sensitivity of x-ray detectors based on the radiomicrofluidic synthesis of colloidal silver
Authors: Nunes Luiz H S , Guidelli Eder J 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
A radiolytic synthesis of silver nanoparticles was carried out in combination with a microfluidic method to produce liquid radiation detectors. The detector response was analyzed by correlating the absorbed dose with the dispersion’s absorbance and with the hydrodynamic radius (HR). Samples were irradiated with x-rays of varying beam energies and dose rates and the data were discussed to elucidate how nucleation and growth processes are affected by the radiation quantities. Results reveal that HR does not change with the absorbed dose, but can be well controlled by varying the precursors concentration, beam energy, and dose rate. Increased precursor concentrations or dose rates favor nucleation, leading to the formation of smaller HR particles and increased detector sensitivity. Upon increasing the x-ray energy, growth is favored, leading to larger HR and decreased detector sensitivity. It is shown that HR and detector sensitivity are strongly correlated so that HR dictates detection sensitivity: the smaller the HR, the higher the sensitivity. Therefore, the dependence of the HR on the dose rate and on the x-ray energy establishes a new method for the controlled growth of colloidal silver, besides opening new possibilities for ionizing radiation detection.
Asymptotic dynamics of Hamiltonian polymatrix replicators
Authors: Najafi Alishah Hassan , Duarte Pedro , Peixe Telmo 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In a previous paper (Alishah et al 2019 Nonlinearity
33 469) we have studied flows defined on polytopes, presenting a method to encapsulate its asymptotic dynamics along the edge-vertex heteroclinic network. Using this result we study here the Hamiltonian character of the asymptotic dynamics of conservative polymatrix replicators. Our main result states that for such conservative polymatrix replicator systems the map describing its asymptotic dynamics is Hamiltonian with respect to some appropriate Poisson structure.
Radiomic analysis for early differentiation of lung cancer recurrence from fibrosis in patients treated with lung stereotactic ablative radiotherapy
Authors: Kunkyab Tenzin , Mou Benjamin , Jirasek Andrew , Haston Christina , Andrews Jeff , Thomas Steven , Hyde Derek 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Objective. The development of radiation-induced fibrosis after stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) can obscure follow-up images and delay detection of a local recurrence in early-stage lung cancer patients. The objective of this study was to develop a radiomics model for computer-assisted detection of local recurrence and fibrosis for an earlier timepoint (<1 year) after the SABR treatment. Approach. This retrospective clinical study included CT images (n = 107) of 66 patients treated with SABR. A z-score normalization technique was used for radiomic feature standardization across scanner protocols. The training set for the radiomics model consisted of CT images (66 patients; 22 recurrences and 44 fibrosis) obtained at 24 months (median) follow-up. The test set included CT-images of 41 patients acquired at 5–12 months follow-up. Combinations of four widely used machine learning techniques (support vector machines, gradient boosting, random forests (RF), and logistic regression) and feature selection methods (Relief feature scoring, maximum relevance minimum redundancy, mutual information maximization, forward feature selection, and LASSO) were investigated. Pyradiomics was used to extract 106 radiomic features from the CT-images for feature selection and classification. Main results. An RF + LASSO model scored the highest in terms of AUC (0.87) and obtained a sensitivity of 75% and a specificity of 88% in identifying a local recurrence in the test set. In the training set, 86% accuracy was achieved using five-fold cross-validation. Delong’s test indicated that AUC achieved by the RF+LASSO is significantly better than 11 other machine learning models presented here. The top three radiomic features: interquartile range (first order), Cluster Prominence (GLCM), and Autocorrelation (GLCM), were revealed as differentiating a recurrence from fibrosis with this model. Significance. The radiomics model selected, out of multiple machine learning and feature selection algorithms, was able to differentiate a recurrence from fibrosis in earlier follow-up CT-images with a high specificity rate and satisfactory sensitivity performance.
Dynamics of quantum-memory assisted entropic uncertainty of a two-spin Heisenberg XXX model under the intrinsic decoherence effect
Authors: Mohamed A-B A , Rahman A , Aldosari F M , Eleuch H 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In this study, the quantum-memory assisted entropic uncertainty (QM-EU) and entanglement dynamics of the two-qubit Heisenberg XXX chain have been explored in the presence of intrinsic decoherence. The effect of the x-component of Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya (DM) and Kaplan-Shekhtman-Entin-Wohlman-Aharony (KSEA) interactions has been considered. The generation and preservation of quantum memory and entanglement have been examined for various values of the DM, KSEA, spin-spin, and spin coupling strengths. The uncertainty negatively affects the entanglement and both have anti-correlation. The absence and presence of intrinsic decoherence prevail in differing impacts on the dynamics of the system. In the first case, prolonged entanglement preservation, uncertainty suppression, and oscillatory dynamics have been observed. Moreover, in order to achieve the best-prolonged entanglement preservation and relative reduction of the entropic uncertainty, we have analyzed several parameter settings. We find that the effects of raising the DM, KSEA, and spin-spin interaction individually and simultaneously are different. The individual and simultaneous increase of the DM, KSEA, and spin-spin interaction parameters control the degree of entanglement, entropic uncertainty, and primarily the dynamics of the system.
Efficient solar absorber based on VO2-W-SiO2 hybrid metamaterials
Authors: Wang Yiyuan , Zhang Ying , Fan Menghui , Zhang Jing , Zhou Chaobiao 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The broad spectrum near unity solar absorber shows important significance in the solar energy conversion. In this work, a polarization independent broadband and wide-angle metamaterials solar absorber consisted of VO2 periodic arrays and alternately stacked SiO2/W layers is designed. To explore the absorption of solar radiation and proper geometric parameters, numerical studies are carried out on the proposed structure. And the absorption of the designed structure is above 90% in the spectra range of 300-2000 nm with an average absorption of 95%. Moreover, the proposed structure possesses excellent solar absorptivity and insensitivity to the incident angle and polarization of sunlight. The average integrated absorption remains 90% with the light incident angle of 50°. Hence, the proposed broadband solar absorber has potentially valuable applications in thermophotovoltaic conversion, thermal emitters, solar cell, and so on.