bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hybrid liposome–erythrocyte drug delivery system for tumor therapy with enhanced targeting and blood circulation
Authors: Zhu Kehui , Xu Yingcan , Zhong Rui , Li Wanjing , Wang Hong , Wong Yee Shan , Venkatraman Subramanian , Liu Jiaxin , Cao Ye 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Liposome, a widely used drug delivery system (DDS), still shows several disadvantages such as dominant clearance by liver and poor target organ deposition. To overcome the drawbacks of liposomes, we developed a novel red blood cell (RBC)–liposome combined DDS to modulate the tumor accumulation and extend the blood circulation life of the existing liposomal DDS. Here, RBCs, an ideal natural carrier DDS, were utilized to carry liposomes and avoid them undergo the fast clearance in the blood. In this study, liposomes could either absorbed onto RBCs’ surface or fuse with RBCs’ membrane by merely altering the interaction time at 37°C, while the interaction between liposome and RBCs would not affect RBCs’ characteristics. In the in vivo antitumor therapeutic efficacy study, 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) liposomes attached onto RBCs’ surfaces exhibited lung targeting effect (via RBC-hitchhiking approach) and reduced clearance in the liver, while DPPC liposomes fused with RBCs had prolong blood circulation up to 48 h and no enrichment in any organ. Furthermore, 20 mol% of DPPC liposomes were replaced with pH-sensitive phospholipid 1,2-dioleoyl-Sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DOPE) as it could respond to the low pH tumor microenvironment and then accumulate in the tumor. The DOPE attached/fusion RBCs showed partial enrichment in lung and about 5–8% tumor accumulation, which were significantly higher than (about 0.7%) the conventional liposomal DDS. Thus, RBC–liposome composite DDS is able to improve the liposomal tumor accumulation and blood circulation and shows the clinical application promises of using autologous RBCs for antitumor therapy.
lncRNA TUG1 regulates Smac/DIABLO expression by competitively inhibiting miR-29b and modulates the apoptosis of lens epithelial cells in age-related cataracts
Authors: Sun Miaomiao , Li Ke , Li Xiao , Wang Huajun , Li Li , Zheng Guangying 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background:
As one of the early discovered long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA), taurine upregulation gene 1 (TUG1) has been widely expressed in a variety of tumors. Moreover, it promotes cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and migration. However, our understanding of its importance in the pathogenesis of cataracts remains limited. This study aimed to explore the mechanism by which lncRNA TUG1 mediates lens epithelial cell apoptosis in age-related cataracts (ARC) by regulating the microRNAs (miR-29b)/second mitochondria-derived activator of caspases axis, and to identify more non-surgical strategies for cataract treatment.

Methods:
The messenger RNA expression levels of TUG1, miR-29b, and Smac were detected using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction in vivo and in vitro. The expression of the Smac protein was analyzed by Western blotting and immunofluorescence. Flow cytometry and cell counting kit-8 assays were used to detect the cell apoptosis and proliferation rates, respectively. The targeted regulatory relationship between lncRNA TUG1, miR-29b, and Smac was verified by viral vector construction, co-transfection, nuclear and cytoplasmic separation, luciferase reporter assays, and RNA immunoprecipitation.

Results:

TUG1 and Smac were expressed at high levels in ARC and HLE-B3 cells treated with 200 μmol/L H2O2, whereas miR-29b expression was decreased. In vitro cell experiments confirmed that down-regulation of TUG1 could inhibit the apoptosis of lens epithelial cells. Mechanistically, Smac expression was negatively regulated by miR-29b. TUG1 competitively inhibited miR-29b expression and caused greater release of Smac. In addition, miR-29b partially reversed the effects of TUG1 on human lens epithelial cell line cells.

Conclusions:
lncRNA TUG1 increases Smac expression and promotes apoptosis of lens epithelial cells in ARC by competitively inhibiting miR-29b. This mechanism is the cytological basis for ARC formation. Based on these results, the lncRNA TUG1/miR29b/Smac axis may be a new molecular pathway that regulates ARC development.
Machine and deep learning-based clinical characteristics and laboratory markers for the prediction of sarcopenia
Authors: Zhang He , Yin Mengting , Liu Qianhui , Ding Fei , Hou Lisha , Deng Yiping , Cui Tao , Han Yixian , Pang Weiguang , Ye Wenbin , Yue Jirong , He Yong 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background:
Sarcopenia is an age-related progressive skeletal muscle disorder involving the loss of muscle mass or strength and physiological function. Efficient and precise AI algorithms may play a significant role in the diagnosis of sarcopenia. In this study, we aimed to develop a machine learning model for sarcopenia diagnosis using clinical characteristics and laboratory indicators of aging cohorts.

Methods:
We developed models of sarcopenia using the baseline data from the West China Health and Aging Trend (WCHAT) study. For external validation, we used the Xiamen Aging Trend (XMAT) cohort. We compared the support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGB), and Wide and Deep (W&D) models. The area under the receiver operating curve (AUC) and accuracy (ACC) were used to evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of the models.

Results:
The WCHAT cohort, which included a total of 4057 participants for the training and testing datasets, and the XMAT cohort, which consisted of 553 participants for the external validation dataset, were enrolled in this study. Among the four models, W&D had the best performance (AUC = 0.916 ± 0.006, ACC = 0.882 ± 0.006), followed by SVM (AUC = 0.907 ± 0.004, ACC = 0.877 ± 0.006), XGB (AUC = 0.877 ± 0.005, ACC = 0.868 ± 0.005), and RF (AUC = 0.843 ± 0.031, ACC = 0.836 ± 0.024) in the training dataset. Meanwhile, in the testing dataset, the diagnostic efficiency of the models from large to small was RF (AUC = 0.892, ACC = 0.844), W&D (AUC = 0.881, ACC = 0.862), XGB (AUC = 0.858, ACC = 0.861), and SVM (AUC = 0.829, ACC = 0.857). In the external validation dataset, the performance of W&D (AUC = 0.970, ACC = 0.911) was the best among the four models, followed by RF (AUC = 0.830, ACC = 0.769), SVM (AUC = 0.766, ACC = 0.738), and XGB (AUC = 0.722, ACC = 0.749).

Conclusions:
The W&D model not only had excellent diagnostic performance for sarcopenia but also showed good economic efficiency and timeliness. It could be widely used in primary health care institutions or developing areas with an aging population.

Trial Registration:
Chictr.org, ChiCTR 1800018895.
Comparison of Visual Outcomes and Higher-order Aberrations Between FS-LASIK and SMI-LIKE for Moderate to High Hyperopia: A 2-Year Result
Authors: Lin Feng , Liu Shengtao , Fu Dan , Zhang Luoli , Wei Ruoyan , Li Meiyan , Zhou Xingtao 
Published: April 2023

Purpose:
The aim of the study was to evaluate and compare the long-term visual outcomes and higher-order aberrations (HOAs) between femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (FS-LASIK) and small-incision lenticule intrastromal keratoplasty (SMI-LIKE) in the correction of moderate to high hyperopia.

Methods:
In this study, 16 subjects (20 eyes) underwent FS-LASIK and 7 subjects (10 eyes) underwent SMI-LIKE. Uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), manifest refraction, mean keratometry (Km), anterior asphericity (Q), and HOAs preoperatively and 2 years postoperatively were obtained in both procedures.

Results:
The efficacy indices of the FS-LASIK group and the SMI-LIKE group were 0.85 ± 0.14 and 0.87 ± 0.17, respectively. The safety indices of the FS-LASIK and SMI-LIKE groups were 0.99 ± 0.15 and 1.08 ± 0.24, respectively. No significant difference in safety index or efficacy index was found between the FS-LASIK and SMI-LIKE groups (all P > 0.05). The correlation coefficient of the attempted versus achieved spherical equivalent postoperatively was 0.69 (P < 0.01) and 0.89 (P < 0.01) in the FS-LASIK group and SMI-LIKE groups, respectively. The front Km, negative Q value, negative spherical aberrations (SAs), coma, and total HOAs significantly increased postoperatively in the 2 groups (P < 0.05). The FS-LASIK group had greater changes in Q value and SA postoperatively than the SMI-LIKE group (P < 0.01).

Conclusions:
SMI-LIKE had similar safety and efficacy to FS-LASIK in the correction of moderate to high hyperopia. However, SMI-LIKE may equip better visual quality postoperatively for its lower Q value and SA changes than FS-LASIK.
Characterizing the Practices of Canadian Orthopedic Surgeons in the Management of patients With Anterior Glenohumeral Instability
Authors: Hemstock Riley , Sommer Micah , McRae Sheila , MacDonald Peter , Woodmass Jarret , Ogborn Dan 
Published: April 2023

Objective:
To determine the practice patterns of Canadian orthopedic surgeons in the management of patients with anterior glenohumeral instability (AGHI).

Design:
Cross-sectional survey.

Setting:
Canada.

Patients or Other Participants:
Canadian orthopedic surgeons with membership in the Canadian Orthopedic Association or Canadian Shoulder and Elbow Surgeon group who had managed at least 1 patient with AGHI in the previous year.

Interventions:
A survey including demographics and questions on the management of patients with AGHI was completed. Statistical comparisons (χ2) were completed with responses stratified using the instability severity index score (ISIS) in practice, years of practice, and surgical volumes.

Main Outcome Measures:
Summary statistics were compiled, and response frequencies were considered for consensus (75%). Case series responses were stratified on use of the ISIS in practice, years of experience, and annual procedure volumes (χ2, P < 0.05).

Results:
Eighty orthopedic surgeons responded, with consensus on areas of diagnostic workup of AGHI, nonoperative management, and operative techniques. There was no consensus on indications for soft tissue and bony augmentation or postoperative management. There was no difference in practices based on the use of ISIS, years in practice, or surgical volumes.

Conclusions:
Canadian orthopedic surgeons manage AGHI consistently with consensus achieved in preoperative diagnostics and operative techniques, although debate remains as to the indications for soft tissue and bony augmentation procedures.
A Quadrivalent mRNA immunization elicits potent immune responses against vaccinia and monkeypox viral antigens – a step closer to a broad orthopoxvirus vaccine
Authors: Su Caixia , Wen Yang , Geng Xiya , Yang Chunmei , Yin Quanyi , Xiong Yelin , Liu Zhihua 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe global outbreak of the 2022 monkeypox virus infection of human raised the public health concerns of the threat of human-to-human transmission of zoonotic diseases. Given the evidence that other orthopoxviruses including cowpox and camelpox were also reported infectious to human, and that the reemerging risk of smallpox as a bioterrorist or accidental laboratory escape exists, there is an urgent need to develop a poxvirus vaccine with a broad protection of orthopoxviruses to stockpile for future emergency. Extensive studies of vaccinia virus (VACV) suggested that multiple VACV antigens, such as A27, L1, A33 and B5, showed high level similarity in terms of immunogenicity to their respective homologous antigens of other orthopoxviruses. These findings paved the ground for VACV antigens to be used as potential vaccine targets for development of a universal poxvirus vaccine. In this study, we construct a novel poxvirus vaccine candidate, mRNA-ALAB-LNP, encoding four vaccinia viral antigens A27, L1, A33 and B5. Strong anti-L1-specific antibody and moderate anti-A33-, anti-A27- and anti-B5-specific antibody responses were induced in mice after a single immunization. The antibody responses to all four antigens were significantly boosted after the second shot with all IgG titers >5 logs and highest being anti-A33 IgG. The high level of binding antibodies showed potent neutralizing capability against vaccinia virus. Specific IFN-γ responses were detected to all four antigens with the highest cellular response being that induced by the same antigen, A33. When evaluating the cross reactivity, equivalent or better serum IgG responses were seen in responses to corresponding monkeypox antigens A35, M1, A29 and B6, in comparison to vaccinia antigens. Apparently, the mRNA vaccine encoding four vaccinia antigens induced immunity not only to vaccinia virus but also to monkeypox, suggesting that the mRNA-ALAB may be a candidate for potential vaccine development against infection of monkeypox, smallpox and possibly other orthopoxviruses.
Two decades of molecular surveillance in Senegal reveal changes in known drug resistance mutations associated with historical drug use and seasonal malaria chemoprevention
Authors: Ndiaye Yaye Die , Wong Wesley , Thwing Julie , Schaffner Stephen S , Tine Abdoulaye , Diallo Mamadou Alpha , Deme Awa , Sy Mouhammad , Bei Amy K , Thiaw Alphonse B , Daniels Rachel , Ndiaye Tolla , Gaye Amy , Ndiaye Ibrahima Mbaye , Toure Mariama , Gadiaga Nogaye , Sene Aita , Sow Djiby , Garba Mamane N. , Yade Mamadou Samba , Dieye Baba , Diongue Khadim , Zoumarou Daba , Ndiaye Aliou , Gomis Jules , Fall Fatou Ba , Ndiop Medoune , Diallo Ibrahima , Sene Doudou , Macinnis Bronwyn , Seck Mame Cheikh , Ndiaye Mouhamadou , Badiane Aida S. , Hartl Daniel L. , Volkman Sarah K. , Wirth Dyann F. , Ndiaye Daouda 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACTDrug resistance inPlasmodium falciparumis a major threat to malaria control efforts. We analyzed data from two decades (2000-2020) of continuous molecular surveillance ofP. falciparumparasite strains in Senegal to determine how historical changes in drug administration policy may have affected parasite evolution. We profiled several known drug resistance markers and their surrounding haplotypes using a combination of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) molecular surveillance and whole-genome sequence (WGS) based population genomics. We observed rapid changes in drug resistance markers associated with the withdrawal of chloroquine and introduction of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine in 2003. We also observed a rapid increase inPfcrtK76T and decline inPfdhpsA437G starting in 2014, which we hypothesize may reflect changes in resistance or fitness caused by seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC). Parasite populations evolve rapidly in response to drug use, and SMC preventive efficacy should be closely monitored.
Boosting N-terminally anchored yeast surface display via structural insights intoS. cerevisiaePir proteins
Authors: Cezar Tea Martinić , Lozančić Mateja , Novačić Ana , Matičević Ana , Matijević Dominik , Vallee Beatrice , Mrša Vladimir , Teparić Renata , Žunar Bojan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSurface display co-opts yeast’s innate ability to embellish its cell wall with mannoproteins, thus converting the yeast’s outer surface into a growing and self-sustaining catalyst. However, the efficient toolbox for converting the enzyme of interest into its surface-displayed isoform is currently lacking, especially if the isoform needs to be anchored to the cell wall near the isoform’s N-terminus. Aiming to advance such N-terminally anchored surface display, we employedin silicoand machine-learning strategies to study the 3D structure, function, genomic organisation, and evolution of the Pir protein family, whose members evolved to covalently attach themselves near their N-terminus to the β-1,3-glucan of the cell wall. Through the newly-gained insights, we rationally engineered 14S. cerevisiaeHsp150 (Pir2)-based fusion proteins. We quantified their performance, uncovering guidelines for efficient yeast surface display while developing a construct that promoted a 2.5-fold more efficient display than the full-length Hsp150 and a Pir-tag, i.e., a peptide spanning only 4.5 kDa but promoting as efficient surface display as the full-length Hsp150. These constructs fortify the existing surface display toolbox, allowing for a prompt and routine refitting of any protein into its N-terminally anchored isoform.Graphical abstract
The contested nature of third-sector organisations
Authors: Paterson Audrey , Jegers Marc , Lapsley Irvine 
Published: April 2023

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to reflect on the critical themes explored by the five papers in thisAccounting, Auditing & Accountability Journal (AAAJ)special issue and to offer a prospective analysis of issues for further research.Design/methodology/approachThis reflective article provides a contextual outline of the challenges of managing and accounting for the third-sector during times of crisis.FindingsPrior studies have covered aspects of trust, accountability and the use of accounting numbers for performance management in the third sector; however, little is known about how accounting numbers and disclosures can contribute to repairing donor trust and sensemaking following adverse events or how accounting numbers and disclosures can be used to navigate uncertainty. Drawing on accountability, trust and sensemaking literature, the papers in thisAAAJspecial issue contribute to closing this gap.Research limitations/implicationsWhilst the papers presented in thisAAAJspecial issue provide valuable insights into the challenges faced by third-sector organisations (TSOs) in times of crisis, several vital gaps that merit further investigations have been identified.Originality/valueThis paper andAAAJspecial issue provide a set of original empirical and theoretical contributions that can be used to advance further investigations into the complex issues faced by the third sector.
Patients experiences of therapeutic cannabis consumption in New Zealand
Authors: Hutton Fiona , Noller Geoff , McSherry Alice 
Published: April 2023

Purpose
This study aims to explore people’s experiences of taking cannabis therapeutically and to gather some real-world evidence (RWE) about the products they were using, their efficacy and what kinds of positive or negative effect/s patients experienced. The focus of this discussion is the efficacy of cannabis for the participants in this study.

Design/methodology/approach
This was an exploratory study that used a mixed methods approach: a survey and semi-structured interviews. The data presented here focus on thematic analysis of five of the open-ended survey questions. Results from a purposive survey sample are also briefly reported. Interview data are not reported on here.

Findings
Across the sample (n = 213), 95.6% of participants reported that taking cannabis helped them with a number of conditions. The most common three themes across the thematic analysis were that cannabis helped with pain relief, sleep and anxiety. Negative effects, some of which related to having to source cannabis from the illicit market, were relatively minor and experienced by 28% (n = 58) of participants. An important finding was that 49% (n = 76) of those who said their use of prescribed medicines had decreased (n = 155), significantly decreased and in some cases stopped their use of prescribed medications.

Originality/value
This study reports on a sample of participants with clinically diagnosed conditions and adds to the RWE base about the efficacy of using cannabis for therapeutic purposes in the New Zealand context.
Standardised indicators for “resilient cities”: the folly of devising a technical solution to a political problem
Authors: Chmutina Ksenia , Lizarralde Gonzalo , von Meding Jason , Bosher Lee 
Published: April 2023

Purpose
Driven by the New Urban Agenda and the Sustainable Development Goals, decision makers have been striving to reorientate policy debates towards the aspiration of achieving urban resilience and monitoring the effectiveness of adaptive measures through the implementation of standardised indicators. Consequently, there has been a rise of indicator systems measuring resilience. This paper aims to argue that the ambition of making cities resilient does not always make them less vulnerable, more habitable, equitable and just.

Design/methodology/approach
Using an inductive policy analysis of ISO standard 37123:2019 “Sustainable cities and communities — Indicators for resilient cities”, the authors examine the extent to which the root causes of risks are being addressed by the urban resilience agenda.

Findings
The authors show that the current standardisation of resilience fails to adequately address the political dimension of disaster risk reduction, reducing resilience to a management tool and missing the opportunity to address the socio-political sources of risks.

Originality/value
Such critical analysis of the Standard is important as it moves away from a hazard-centric approach and, instead, permits to shed light on the socio-political processes of risk creation and to adopt a more nuanced and sensitive understanding of urban characteristics and governance mechanisms.
Creative entrepreneurs and embeddedness in non-urban places: a resource exchange and network embeddedness logic
Authors: Leick Birgit , Gretzinger Susanne , Roddvik Irina Nikolskaja 
Published: April 2023

PurposeDrawing from resource-based theorising, the concept of network embeddedness and a process perspective on entrepreneurship, this paper establishes a conceptual framework to explain a multi-level and multi-locational network embeddedness of creative entrepreneurs in non-urban places. It challenges stylised facts about creative entrepreneurship as a predominantly urban phenomenon.Design/methodology/approachBased upon the conceptual framework for creative entrepreneurship in a non-urban place, an illustrative case study of small-scale creative-design entrepreneurs on the Lofoten Islands in Norway (2019) is utilised to discuss the framework.FindingsThe conceptual paper derives a fine-grained understanding about how creative entrepreneurship emerges and develops in non-urban places and contributes to a better understanding of how such places can nurture such entrepreneurship through multiple network embeddedness and resource-exchange configurations.Research limitations/implicationsThe article will enable further empirical research that tests, validates and, if necessary, refines the framework established.Practical implicationsCreative entrepreneurs should use various resource-exchange combinations with diverse networks to become locally embedded in non-urban places. Public-policy managers need to be aware of this variety that may exist with the network embeddedness of such entrepreneurs to support them and develop the location through resource provisions.Originality/valueThe paper uses an original conceptual framework.