bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Monitoring the burden of COVID-19 and impact of hospital transfer policies on Australian aged-care residents in residential aged-care facilities: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Nair Shruti Premshankar , Quigley Ashley L , Moa Aye , Chughtai Abrar Ahmad , Macintyre Chandini Raina 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background Residential aged-care facilities in Australia emerged as the high-risk setting during the COVID-19 outbreaks due to community transmission. The vulnerable aged-care residents of these facilities suffered due to low hospital transfers and high mortality and morbidity rates. This study aimed to assess the burden of COVID-19 in residential aged-care facilities across Australia and the impact of hospital transfer policies on resident hospitalisation during the first year of the pandemic.Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study by collecting data from weekly aged-care outbreak reports published by open-sources and official government sources between 1st March and 20th November 2020.A comprehensive line list of outbreaks was created using open-source data. Statistical analyses were performed on the data obtained.Results 126 aged-care COVID-19 outbreaks were identified in Australia during the study period. The incidence rate of COVID-19 infections among aged-care residents in Australia was (1118.5 per 100,000 resident population) which is 10 times higher than the general population (107.6 per 100,000 population). The hospitalisation rate for aged-care residents in Australia was 0.93 per 100,000 population. The hospitalisation rate of aged-care residents in Victoria was merely 3.14 per 100,000 population despite having the highest COVID-19 cases in the state. Excluding South Australia, all states followed case-by-case hospital transfer policies for aged-care residents.Conclusion This study documented a higher risk of COVID-19 infection for aged-care residents and workers but found low hospitalisation rates among residents across Australia. The hospitalisation rates in Victoria were higher than the national average but low when considering the COVID-19 infection rates in the state. The hospitalisation rates could have been impacted due to the state hospital transfer policies at that time. We recommend immediate hospital transfer of infected residents to hospitals as healthcare settings follow necessary infection control measures and ensure staff are trained in personal protective equipment use.
WITHDRAWN: Targeting the PLUNC-NLRP3 inflammasome axis could inhibit nasopharyngeal carcinoma lung metastasis
Authors: Zhou Qing , Qiu Yanbing , Liu Qingluan , Liu Yijun , Yang Yuqin , Shi Lei , Liu Ying , Guo Yilin , Li Xiayu , Gao Ge , Fan Songqing , Zeng Zhaoyang , Xiong Wei , Tan Ming , Li Guiyuan , Zhang Wenling 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignant tumor that occurs in the nasopharynx. PLUNC is an early identified secreted protein specifically expressed in the nasopharynx that acts a potential suppresser gene in NPC, but its specific biological role and its mechanism are unclear. We used mRNA-seq combined with RNC-seq to identify the biological role of PLUNC. Tail vein injection of NPC cells to observe the biological role of PLUNC in vivo. The activation of NLRP3 inflammasome was detected by immunoblotting assays and immunofluorescence, and the expression of EMT-related molecules was detected by immunoblotting assays. Then, the migration and invasion were detected by wound healing assay and transwell chamber assay. The mRNA-seq and RNC-seq results showed that PLUNC inhibited NPC progression, and data analysis revealed its correlation with NOD-like receptors. The results confirmed that PLUNC was negatively correlated with NLRP3 inflammasome, and in vivo experiments further elucidated that PLUNC inhibited NPC lung metastasis, and that PLUNC overexpression combined with MCC950 could most effectively inhibit NPC lung metastasis. Our results suggest that PLUNC could inhibit lung metastasis of NPC by suppressing the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome, and targeting the PLUNC-NLRP3 inflammasome axis may provide a new therapeutic strategy for NPC patients.
Stark Effects in Momentum Space
Authors: Özay Selda , Öztekin Emin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In this study, when hydrogen or a hydrogen-like atom is placed in a uniform electric field, shifts in energy levels are calculated in momentum space by using the Fourier transform of hydrogen type orbitals. By choosing the electric field in the z-direction, the z average value to be calculated to form the Hamiltonian matrix elements is written in the momentum space. The average value obtained is found as the product of the angular and radial integrals. To calculate the angular integrals, recurrence relations of the spherical harmonics especially in dipole transitions and derivative relations of spherical harmonics with respect to angles are used. The radial integrals are calculated analytically using the recurrence relations and series expressions of the Gegenbauer polynomials. The analytical expression obtained for the average value is quite convenient for numerical calculations. As a result, Hamiltonian matrix elements are obtained using the Mathematica programming language and the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the matrix are calculated by using the Jacobi method. The results found are in complete agreement with the results in the configurations space.
Prevalence and associated factors of Self-medication in worldwide pregnant women: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: BOUQOUFI Afaf , LAHLOU Laila , BOUJRAF Said , HADJ Fatima AIT EL , RAZINE Rachid , ABOUQAL Redouane , KHABBAL Youssef 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: Self-medication during pregnancy is of great interest. The use of drugs during pregnancy requires a careful reflection on the benefits to the mother and the risks to the fetus. It is a difficult medical situation for clinicians to select the drug because of the various pharmacokinetic and physiological changes encountered in pregnant women this study aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of self-medication and associated factors in worldwide pregnant women by a systematic review and a meta-analysis of the published studies on self-medication during pregnancy.
Methods: Searches were carried out at PubMed, Science Direct, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. The quality of the studies and the risk of bias were analyzed using the Joanna Briggs Critical Appraisal Checklist for Analytical Cross-Sectional Studies instrument. The extracted data were tabulated and analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively through meta-analysis.
Results: The overall prevalence of self-medication among pregnant women was 44.50% (95% CI: 38.92-50.23). The subgroup analysis has shown a difference in the prevalence of self-medication which is influenced by region, Income of countries, and study design. The Heterogeneity, assessed by the statistical test I2 varied from 96% to 99% and was statistically significant. The result of this funnel plot showed that the funnel plot was symmetry with p-value = 0.36, and there is no publication bias.
Conclusion: The results obtained from this study showed that the prevalence of self-medication among pregnant women is relatively high. This requires effective measures and interventions to reduce self-medication.
Systematic Review Registration:https://www.crd.york.aa.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=312333 ID=CRD42022312333.
LncRNA xist regulates sepsis-associated neuroinflammation in the periventricular white matter of CLP rats by miR-122-5p/PKCη Axis
Authors: Wang Huifang , Jiang Shuqi , Liu Nan , Zhou Qiuping , Li Qian , Chen Zhuo , Lin Yiyan , Chen Chunbo , Deng Yiyu 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background Neuroinflammation is a common feature of many neurological diseases, and remains crucial for disease progression and prognosis. Activation of microglia and astrocytes arouse neuroinflammation. However, little is known about the role of lncRNA xist and miR-122-5p in the occurrence of sepsis-associated neuroinflammation (SAN). In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of lncRNA xist and miR-122-5p in the pathogenesis of SAN.Methods The level of miR-122-5p and proinflammatory mediators were detected in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of intracranial infection (ICI) patients by ELISA and qRT-PCR. Adult Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were subjected to cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), following a high-throughput sequencing analysis was performed to scan miRNAs expression in the periventricular white matter (PWM). The level of lncRNA xist, miR-122-5p and proinflammatory mediators were measured using qRT-PCR and western blot. Bioinformatics analyses were used to predict the target of lncRNA xist, miR-122-5p and protein kinase C eta (PKCη). The interactions between PKCη and miR-122-5p was validated using Luciferase reporter assay. Activated BV2 and astrocytes in vitro were used to detected lncRNA xist/miR-122-5p/ PKCη axis.Results The level of miR-122-5p was significantly decreased in the CSF of ICI patients, while expression of proinflammatory mediators were saliently upregulated. Besides, it is found that expression of proinflammatory mediators was negatively correlated with the level of miR-122-5p. A high-throughput sequencing analysis showed that miR-122-5p expression was downregulated with 1.5-fold changes in the PWM of CLP rats. Bioinformatics analysis found that lncRNA xist and PKCη were the upstream and downstream target genes of miR-122-5p, respectively. lncRNA xist and PKCη were identified as a significant increase in the PWM of CLP rats. Moreover, overexpression of miR-122-5p or knockdown of lncRNA xist could significantly downregulate the level of PKCη and proinflammatory mediators from activated microglia and astrocytes. Meanwhile, in vitro investigation showed that silencing lncRNA xist or PKCη or overexpression of miR-122-5p could obviously inhibit the release of proinflammatory mediators from activated BV2 cells and astrocytes.Conclusion LncRNA xist regulates release of proinflammatory mediators in the PWM of CLP rats from activated microglia and astrocytes by miR-122-5p/PKCη Axis.
A mixed Cauchy-Schwarz inequality with applications
Authors: Sahoo Satyajit , Moradi Hamid , Sababheh Mohammad 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This paper shows a new mixed Cauchy-Schwarz inequality for Hilbert-space operators. In particular, we show that if $T$ is a bounded linear operator on a Hilbert space $\mathcal{H}$, and if $x,y\in\mathcal{H}$, then \[\left| \left\langle Tx,y \right\rangle \right|\le \sqrt{\left\langle {{\left| {{T}^{*}} \right|}^{\frac{3-t}{2}}}x,x \right\rangle \left\langle {{\left| T \right|}^{\frac{1+t}{2}}}y,y \right\rangle };\text{ }\left( 0\le t\le 1 \right),\] where $\left| T \right|={{\left( {{T}^{*}}T \right)}^{\frac{1}{2}}}$, and $T^*$ is the adjoint operator of $T$. We also present several applications of the obtained results, where new bounds for the numerical radius will be shown.
Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles using Barley straw and Fumaria parviflora extract: Optimization of synthesis, Evaluating of Nanoparticles stability, Antibacterial activities
Authors: Fakharzadeh Maryam , Fazljoo Seyed Esmail 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This study indicates an environmentally friendly and cost-effective method for the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using Barley straw and Fumaria paroflora extracts and a mixture of them (1:1 v/v). Optimum conditions for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles were obtained by changing the reaction time, PH, and temperature. Characterization of silver nanoparticles was explored by different techniques including UV-Visible spectroscopy, FTIR, X-ray diffraction, and SEM. UV-Visible spectroscopy showed the formation of Bs-AgNPs, Fp-AgNPs, and Bs-Fp-AgNPs with maximum absorption in the range of 400–450 nm. FTIR spectral data revealed the role of different functional groups of biomolecules involved in bioreduction as well as the capping and stabilizing of NPs. XRD analysis confirmed the formation of silver nanoparticles. The SEM study showed that the shape of the nanoparticles is spherical, and the size decreases with increasing temperature. The size and surface charge of nanoparticles were evaluated by dynamic light scattering (DLS) spectroscopy, and the effect of temperature on particle size distribution was evaluated. Also, the effect of temperature and PH on the zeta potential of nanoparticles was investigated. The formation rate of Fp-AgNPs was higher compared to Bs-AgNPs, but Barley straw nanoparticles were smaller and more stable. Using a mixture of Fumaria parviflora and Barley straw extract resulted in the production of nanoparticles that formed faster and had good stability. The biosynthesized nanoparticles showed suitable activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Overall, this study highlights the use of a mixture of extracts (Bs and Fp) to synthesize silver nanoparticles.
Effect of appropriate empirical antimicrobial therapy on mortality of patients with bloodstream infections: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Xu Shanshan , Song Zhihui , Han Furong , Zhang Chao 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background Little evidence exists regarding the prevalence of pathogens in bloodstream infections (BSIs), the mortality risk, and the benefit of combination therapy over monotherapy. This study aims to describe patterns of empiric antimicrobial therapy, and the epidemiology of Gram-negative pathogens, and to investigate the effect of appropriate therapy and appropriate combination therapy on the mortality of patients with BSIs.
MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study including all patients with BSIs of Gram-negative pathogens from January 2017 to December 2022 in a Chinese general hospital. The in-hospital mortality was compared between appropriate and inappropriate therapy, and between monotherapy and combination therapy for patients receiving appropriate therapy. We used Cox regression analysis to identify factors independently associated with in-hospital mortality.
ResultsWe included 205 patients in the study, of whom 147 (71.71%) patients received appropriate therapy compared with 58 (28.29%) who received inappropriate therapy. The most common Gram-negative pathogen was Escherichia coli (37.56%). 131 (63.90%) patients received monotherapy and 74 (36.10%) patients received combination therapy. The in-hospital mortality was significantly lower in patients administered appropriate therapy than inappropriate therapy (16.33% vs 48.28%, p=0.004); adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 0.55 [95% CI 0.35–0.84], p=0.006). In-hospital mortality was also not different in combination therapy and monotherapy in the multivariate Cox regression analyses (adjusted HR 0.42 [95% CI 0.15–1.17], p=0.096). However, combination therapy was associated with lower mortality than monotherapy in patients with severe sepsis or septic shock (adjusted HR 0.94 [95% CI 0.86–1.02], p=0.047).
ConclusionsAppropriate therapy was associated with a protective effect on mortality among patients with BSIs due to Gram-negative pathogens. Combination therapy was associated with improved survival in patients with severe sepsis or septic shock. Clinicians need to choose optical empirical antimicrobials to improve survival outcomes in patients with BSIs.
The psychological experience of patients with kinesiophobia after cardiac surgery-a qualitative study
Authors: Wang YuChen , Chen YuHong , Yang Guang , Zang YaNing 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: The rehabilitation process of postoperative cardiac surgery patients integrates both long-term recovery from heart disease and short-term postsurgical rehabilitation, and patients may have fears about exercising that affect recovery from the disease and the surgical trauma. At present, few studies have focused on the real experience of patients with kinesiophobia after cardiac surgery.
Objectives: To explore the real psychological experiences of patients with kinesiophobia after cardiac surgery and to understand kinesiophobia from the patient's perspective.
Methods: This study used a phenomenological approach to recruit 21 participants. The data were gathered through semistructured in-depth face-to-face interviews. Data were analyzed according to the Colaizzi phenomenology method.
Results: Six themes were summarized: Barriers to nurse-patient communication; Psychological mapping caused by the external environment; Week support system ; Intrusive thinking; Postoperative adverse reaction; Health behavior dynamics: real practice behavior of early activities.
Conclusions: Kinesiophobia in postoperative cardiac surgery patients is a change in psychological state resulting from three stimuli: external environment (medical staff, wardmates, and family), physiological (postoperative somatic sensation), and psychological, and all three influence and interact with each other. Coping with kinesiophobia in patients after cardiac surgery is a dynamic process that requires internal and external support.
Completion of the maternal and neonatal continuum of care service utilisation and determining factors in Assosa Zone, North Western Ethiopia
Authors: Adete Solomon Abtew , Mmusi-Phetoe RM 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background Maternal and neonatal health continuum of care (MNH CoC) is one of the recommended strategies for reducing maternal and neonatal deaths. However, its utilisation remains low in sub-Saharan Africa, including Ethiopia. The purpose of the study was to determine the magnitude of maternal and neonatal continuity of care utilisation and identify determining factors in Assosa Zone, North Western Ethiopia.Method Facility based cross-sectional study design was used to conduct the study from January to March. Proportional allocation of samples to health facilities and simple random sampling followed by systematic sampling was used to select a sample of 564 women who had given birth in the preceding nine months before data collection for the study. Data was collected through the use of a questionnaire. The data was analysed using SPSS version 27 software.Result The overall completion of maternal and neonatal CoC services in the antenatal, childbirth and postnatal periods was 53.7%. The study showed that factors such as education, occupation, partner support, knowledge of the expected number of antenatal visits, early booking of antenatal care, places of ANC, place of PNC, comprehensive counselling and physical examination during ANC, and mode of delivery were significantly associated with completion of MNC CoC services. However, the odd of completion of MNH CoC services were decreased by 21% (AOR = 0.21, 95%CI = 0.09–0.51) among women who had knowledge of neonatal danger signs or complications than their counterparts.Conclusions The completion of MNH CoC services was low among women and many women did not receive lifesaving intervention along the continuum of care pathways. Hence, compressive awareness raising, education, counselling and empowering of women in health care at the household, community and facility level required to improve the completion of maternity continuum of care.
Canagliflozin alleviates pulmonary hypertension partially by inhibition of PPARγ S225 phosphorylation and PPARγ-mediated suppression of oxidative stress
Authors: huang xiaoying , Li Xiuchun , Song Lanlan , Wang Xinghong , Zhu Xiayan , Tong Shuolan , Chen Zhili , Wang Yangyue , Zhang Chi , Zhang Jianhao , Sun Yihan , Zhong Chuyue , Su Lihuang , Wang Liangxing 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a progressive fatal disease with no cure. Canagliflozin (CANA), a new anti-diabetic agent, has been found to have remarkable cardiovascular benefits. However, it remains unknown whether CANA is beneficial in vascular pathology of PH. Therefore, our study aims to investigate the role and pharmacological mechanism of CANA in treating PH. Firstly, CANA suppressed increased pulmonary artery pressure, right ventricular hypertrophy, and vascular remodeling in both mouse and rat PH models. Then, network pharmacology, transcriptomics, and biological results suggested that CANA could ameliorate PH through suppressing excessive oxidative stress and pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell proliferation partially by activation of PPARγ. Further studies demonstrated that CANA inhibited PPARγ Ser225 phosphorylation (a novel serine phosphorylation in PPARγ), thereby promoting nuclear translocation of PPARγ, enhancing its ability to resist oxidative stress and proliferative. Taken together, this study is the first to uncover the potential pharmacological effect and molecular mechanisms of CANA on PH, aiming to encourage future research and clinical trials.
Diagnostic performance analysis of the ICOPE screening tool for identifying decline in intrinsic capacity
Authors: Lu Fei , Li Jiaojiao , Liu Xiaohong , Liu Shuo , Sun Xiaohong , Wang Xueying 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: Intrinsic capacity (IC) is a comprehensive indicator of an individual's positive attributes. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends a two-step approach to assess IC decline among older people. The first step involved using the Integrated Care for Older People (ICOPE) screening tool to identify potential issues, and the second step involved using detailed assessments for confirmation. This study aimed to assess the diagnostic performance of ICOPE screening tool as a simple preliminary screening to identify IC decline among community-dwelling older adults, which was rarely reported in China.
Methods: This cross-sectional study included 228 community-dwelling older individuals aged ≥75 (mean age, 84.0±4.4 years; 131 [57.5%] females) who completed the IC evaluation according to the WHO IC assessment pathway. The diagnostic performance of the ICOPE screening tool were calculated using a 2 × 2 table and a receiver operating characteristic curve.
Results: The proportion of possible IC decline identified by the ICOPE screening tool was 79.4%, whereas the actual IC decline assessed by the detailed assessment was 73.2%, mainly in locomotion. The ICOPE screening tool showed a sensitivity of 94.6% and specificity of 62.3% for identifying IC decline, with an overall diagnostic accuracy of 86.0%. With the exception of the sensory dimension, the sensitivity of the ICOPE screening tool for diagnosing impairments in each dimension of the IC was highest in the cognition domain (100%) and lowest in the vitality domain (51.3%), whereas the specificity was highest in vitality (94.7%) and lowest in cognition (55.6%).
Conclusions: The ICOPE screening tool has high sensitivity and can be used as an IC screening tool in community-dwelling older people. However, further improvements are needed in the vitality dimension of the ICOPE screening tool to enhance its sensitivity in identifying individuals at risk of malnutrition.