bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Carbon Nanotube Template‐Assisted Synthesis of Conjugated Microporous Polytriphenylamine with High Porosity for Efficient Supercapacitive Energy Storage
Authors: Zuo Hongyu , Duan Ju , Lyu Baokang , Lyu Wei , Li Ying , Mei Xianming , Liao Yaozu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractEngineering of conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs) with high porosity, redox activity, and electronic conductivity is of significant importance for their practical applications in electrochemical energy storage. Aminated‐multiwall carbon nanotubes (NH2‐MWNT) are utilized to modulate the porosity and electronic conductivity of polytriphenylamine (PTPA), which is synthesized via Buchwald‐Hartwig coupling reaction of tri(4‐bromophenyl)amine and phenylenediamine as constitutional units in a one‐step in situ polymerization process. Compared to PTPA, the specific surface area of core–shell PTPA@MWNTs has been greatly improved from 32 to 484 m2 g−1. The PTPA@MWNTs exhibites an improved specific capacitance, with the highest value 410 F g−1 in 0.5 M H2SO4 at a current of 10 A g−1 achieve for PTPA@MWNT‐4 due to the hierarchical meso‐micro pores, high redox‐activity and electronic conductivity. Symmetric supercapacitor assemble by PTPA@MWNT‐4 has a capacitance of 216 F g−1 of total electrode materials and retains 71% of initial capacitance after 6000 cycles. This study gives new insights into the role of CNT templates in the adjustment of molecular structure, porosity, and electronic property of CMPs for the high‐performance electrochemical energy storage.
Valorization of Prickly Pear Seed and Olive Husk Agricultural Wastes for Plastic Reinforcement: The Influence on the Mechanical and Thermal Properties
Authors: Klaai Lisa , Hammiche Dalila , Boukerrou Amar 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCurrently, food waste is a major concern for businesses, governments, and consumers. Fruit processing creates many of by‐products, from undesirables to fruit skins, seeds, and fleshy parts. These by‐products make up to 30% of the initial mass of processed fruit. This goal can be achieved by transforming fruit waste into reinforcement and integrating it into polymeric materials. In this work, olive husk flours (OHF) and prickly pear seed flours (PPSF) are used as reinforcements of poly (lactic acid) (PLA) matrix. Initially, the physico‐chemical, particle size, spectroscopy (FTIR), and thermal characterization of its fibers are studied and compared. Then, the composite materials studied are manufactured with a twin‐screw extruder having a fiber content of 10%, 20%, and 30% by weight; its properties have been studied and compared. The characterization of these two fibers shows that the quantity of cellulose is greater in the OHF and that the latter is more thermally stable. For the composite material, the PLA /OHF are the most responsive in thermal and mechanical behaviors since their degradation temperatures are closer to pure PLA and the tensile modulus is higher compared to the PLA/PPSF composites. The equilibrium water uptake value is higher for composites reinforced with OHF than systems with PPSF.
Comparison between Morphological and Mechanical Properties of Membranes Produced via Coaxial and Monoaxial Electrospinning
Authors: Longo Raffaele , Catauro Michelina , Vertuccio Luigi , Guadagno Liberata 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe production of nanofibrous membranes finds high interest in the biomedical field, from drug delivery to wound dressing. The types of polymers used for these applications are mainly synthetic and natural biopolymers that have different properties, especially in terms of bioactivity, adhesion to cells, and mechanical properties. In the current study, two different processes, namely uniaxial electrospinning and coaxial electrospinning configuration are used to produce nanofibrous membranes based on PCL (synthetic biopolymer) and gelatin (natural biopolymer). The mechanical properties of the coaxial and blend systems have been compared to the ones of PCL and gelatin membranes.Coaxial electrospun systems have mechanical properties between those of gelatin and those of PCL membranes. This phenomenon is probably due to a well‐defined interface between the two polymers in the core‐shell configuration. In blend configurations, the intimate contact between the two polymers enhances the flexibility of the material. In fact, an increase in the strain at the break of 350% is obtained compared to the PCL (80%) and gelatin (3%) membrane. These results highlight how the electrospinning process configuration affects the range of applicability of these types of devices.
UV–vis Study on β‐Cyclodextrin as Dual Function for Synthesis AgNPs and Antibacterial Application
Authors: Nurkhaliza Farrah , Fathoni Ahmad , Yati Indri , Prastya Muhammad Eka , Jenie S. N. Aisyiyah , Andreani Agustina Sus 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe current study reveals the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with β‐cyclodextrin (β‐CDs) as a dual function, reducing, and stabilizing agent. UV–vis study is carried out to monitor the optimum condition of AgNPs formation. It is observed that setting pH at 12, 1:33 concentration ratio of AgNO3 to β‐CDs, and 5 min of incubation time are the optimum condition to synthesize AgNPs. The stability of AgNPs 4 weeks after synthesized is confirmed by the UV–vis spectra. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) characterization reveals there is a peak appearing assigned to C=O which proves a redox reaction occurs between AgNO3 and β‐CDs. Gram‐positive (Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram‐negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) are tested to investigate the antibacterial activity of AgNPs. This study shows that AgNPs exhibit inhibition of bacterial growth.
Methane gas sensor based on a novel dual‐path multipass cell
Authors: Jiang Gui‐sheng , Wang Yu‐ting , Liu Qiang , Chen Hang , Wang Shi‐qi , Zhang Yu , Wang Zhao‐xiang , Zhang Hui , Zha Shen‐long , Wang Ya , Ma Hong‐liang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe have developed a novel dual‐path multipass cell (DP‐MPC) for trace gas detection. The sealed Herriott cell, measuring 16 × 16 × 41.5 cm, has two input/output coupling holes. By adjusting the mirror position and incident angle of the beam, optical paths of 105 and 37.5 m can be obtained, respectively. To test its performance, we setup a methane (CH4) concentration detection system by combining the DP‐MPC with a 1.65 μm distributed feedback laser and carried out a methane gas detection experiment. The Allan variance analysis showed that the limit of detection for the two optical paths were 6 and 30 ppb, respectively.
A dual‐polarized phased array based on a strip‐typed patch antenna covered with A dielectric
Authors: Row Jeen‐Sheen , Tseng Wei‐Hsiang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA strip‐typed patch antenna covered with a dielectric is studied. The antenna is excited with a differential feeding mechanism to obtain a low cross‐polarization level. When the patch antenna is totally covered with a dielectric, it can be operated at lower frequencies without tuning antenna dimensions. The simulated results show that as the relative permittivity of the dielectric is increased from 1 to 9.2, the antenna operation frequency is reduced from 4.25 to 2.38 GHz, and the cross‐polarization level is lower than −25 dB for each operation frequency. Based on such an antenna, a 1 × 8 dual‐polarized phased array is developed. The simulated results indicate that for each polarization mode, the gain variations of the array are less than 2 dB when the main beam is scanned from 60° to −60°; bedsides, a cross‐polarization level of less than −20 dB is also achieved. An array prototype is constructed, and measured data validate the simulated results.
Development of a hydrated electron dosimeter for radiotherapy applications: A proof of concept
Authors: Mégrourèche Julien , Bekerat Hamed , Bian Jingyi , Bui Alaina , Sankey Jack , Childress Lilian , Enger Shirin A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundHydrated electrons, which are short‐lived products of radiolysis in water, increase the optical absorption of water, providing a pathway toward near‐tissue‐equivalent clinical radiation dosimeters. This has been demonstrated in high‐dose‐per‐pulse radiochemistry research, but, owing to the weak absorption signal, its application in existing low‐dose‐per‐pulse radiotherapy provided by clinical linear accelerators (linacs) has yet to be investigated.PurposeThe aims of this study were to measure the optical absorption associated with hydrated electrons produced by clinical linacs and to assess the suitability of the technique for radiotherapy (⩽ 1 cGy per pulse) applications.Methods40 mW of 660‐nm laser light was sent five passes through deionized water contained in a 102 cm3 glass‐walled cavity by using four broadband dielectric mirrors, two on each side of the cavity. The light was collected with a biased silicon photodetector. The water cavity was then irradiated by a Varian TrueBeam linac with both photon (10 MV FFF, 6 MV FFF, 6 MV) and electron beams (6 MeV) while monitoring the transmitted laser power for absorption transients. Radiochromic EBT3 film measurements were also performed for comparison.ResultsExamination of the absorbance profiles showed clear absorption changes in the water when radiation pulses were delivered. Both the amplitude and the decay time of the signal appeared consistent with the absorbed dose and the characteristics of the hydrated electrons. By using literature value for the hydrated electron radiation chemical yield (3.0±0.3), we inferred doses of 2.1±0.2 mGy (10 MV FFF), 1.3±0.1 mGy (6 MV FFF), 0.45±0.06 mGy (6 MV) for photons, and 0.47±0.05 mGy (6 MeV) for electrons, which differed from EBT3 film measurements by 0.6%, 0.8%, 10%, and 15.7%, respectively. The half‐life of the hydrated electrons in the solution was ∼ 24 s.ConclusionsBy measuring 660‐nm laser light transmitted through a cm‐scale, multi‐pass water cavity, we observed absorption transients consistent with hydrated electrons generated by clinical linac radiation. The agreement between our inferred dose and EBT3 film measurements suggests this proof‐of‐concept system represents a viable pathway toward tissue‐equivalent dosimeters for clinical radiotherapy applications.
The effect of CO2 laser therapy on vaginal microcirculatory parameters in an animal model for genitourinary syndrome of menopause
Authors: Latul Yani P. , Vodegel Eva V. , Kastelein Arnoud W. , Alkemade Lily , Ras Lamees , Hilty Matthias P. , Favaron Emanuele , Ince Yasin , Ince Can , Jeffery Stephen , Guler Zeliha , Roovers Jan‐Paul W.R. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundVaginal laser therapy for the treatment of genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) has been introduced to the market with limited (pre)clinical and experimental evidence supporting its efficacy. It is suggested that vaginal laser therapy increases epithelial thickness and improves vascularization, but the underlying biological working mechanism has not been substantiated yet.ObjectiveTo evaluate the effects of CO2 laser therapy on vaginal atrophy using noninvasive incident dark field (IDF) imaging in a large animal model for GSM.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsAn animal study was conducted between 2018 and 2019 and included 25 Dohne Merino ewes, of which 20 underwent bilateral ovariectomy (OVX) to induce iatrogenic menopause, and 5 did not. The total study duration was 10 months.InterventionsFive months after OVX, ovariectomized ewes received monthly applications of CO2 laser (n = 7), vaginal estrogen (n = 7), or no treatment (n = 6) for 3 months. IDF imaging was performed monthly in all animals.Outcome Measurements and Statistical AnalysisThe primary outcome was the proportion of image sequences containing capillary loops (angioarchitecture). Secondary outcomes included focal depth (epithelial thickness), and quantitative measures of vessel density and perfusion. Treatment effects were evaluated using ANCOVA and binary logistic regression.Results and LimitationsCompared to OVX‐only, ewes treated with estrogen demonstrated a higher capillary loops proportion (4% vs. 75%, p < 0.01), and higher focal depth (60 (IQR 60–80) vs. 80 (IQR 80–80) p < 0.05). CO2 laser therapy did not change microcirculatory parameters. As the ewes' vaginal epithelium is thinner than that of humans, it may demand different laser settings.ConclusionsIn a large animal model for GSM, CO2 laser therapy does not affect microcirculatory outcomes related to GSM, whereas vaginal estrogen treatment does. Until more homogeneous and objective evidence about its efficacy is available, CO2 laser therapy should not be adopted into widespread practice for treating GSM.
Fabrication, sound absorption simulation and performance optimization of multi‐layer gradient fiber‐based composites
Authors: Chen Jiahao , Yan Zonghuan , Li Huiqin , Zhang Zhichao , Gong Jixian , Zhang Jianfei 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNoise reduction with materials of finite thickness has been a hot research topic. In this study, multi‐layer gradient fiber‐based composites integrating porous, resonant and damping structures were prepared for efficient sound absorption. Here, the effects of composite structure, fiber‐based thickness and micro‐perforated membrane fabric (MPMF) structure on the sound absorption of the composites were investigated. From the results, the sound absorption band of the composite can be effectively tuned by adjusting the structure of the MPMF or the thickness of the fiber‐based. In addition, the established acoustic model can accurately predict the sound absorption performance of the structure. It is worth mentioning that the gradient structure optimized by the algorithm exhibits broadband sound absorption (noise reduction coefficient of 0.42) and thin feature (thickness of 0.9 cm). Moreover, the medium and low frequency sound waves can be propagated and absorbed more easily by optimizing the structure of the composite. This work provides a reference for the preparation of multi‐layer gradient sound‐absorbing structures and the design of acoustic products in a specific frequency range.
Achieving COVID‐19 herd immunity in Ethiopia
Authors: Bekele Bezawit Kassahun , Muili Abdulbasit Opeyemi , Udom Iyaketing Akpan , Hernández‐Rubio Lizeth , Mogessie Yidnekachew Girma , Wubneh Shewit Yehuala , Odey Goodness Ogeyi , Mengesha Dawit Tesfagiorgis 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCOVID‐19 has greatly impacted the society and economy of Ethiopia, with a total of 499,493 cases confirmed and a death toll of 7572 as of February 2023. The country began COVID‐19 vaccination in March 2021 and delivered about 52 million doses as of July 2022. The government liaised with the COVAX (COVID‐19 Vaccines Global Access) facility, the African Vaccine Acquisition Trust, and other donors to acquire the vaccine doses. However, in July 2022, Ethiopia achieved only 45 persons per 100 population coverage when the global average of doses administered was 167 per 100 population. These figures grossly fall behind the requirements for achieving herd immunity. The major challenges noted are vaccine hesitancy ranging from 14.1% to 68.7%, including that among healthcare workers (HCW). There was a lack of physical infrastructure and personnel to distribute the vaccines and to administer the doses to populations who had challenges accessing healthcare services. There was heavy disinformation regarding COVID‐19 vaccines. The various government ministries including the Ministry of Health (one government approach) and the regional and zonal health offices should coordinate for efficient and equitable vaccine distribution and build community trust by working with village leaders, religious groups, and media outlets. There is a need to continue efforts on providing an awareness of the importance of COVID‐19 vaccination and herd immunity. We review and dissect the COVID‐19 vaccination efforts in Ethiopia and provide recommendations for tackling these challenges, including equity in the distribution of vaccines and proper awareness of the disease to achieve herd immunity.
SATISFY‐JP, a phase II multicenter open‐label study on Satralizumab, an anti‐IL‐6 receptor antibody, use for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension in patients with an immune‐responsive‐phenotype: Study protocol
Authors: Tamura Yuichi , Takeyasu Rika , Takata Tomohiro , Miyazaki Naoki , Takemura Ryo , Wada Michihiko , Tamura Yudai , Abe Kohtaro , Shigeta Ayako , Taniguchi Yu , Adachi Shiro , Inami Takumi , Tsujino Ichizo , Tahara Nobuhiro , Kuwana Masataka 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), an intractable disease with a poor prognosis, is commonly treated using pulmonary vasodilators modulating the endothelin, cGMP, and prostacyclin pathway. Since the 2010s, drugs for treating pulmonary hypertension based on mechanisms other than pulmonary vasodilation have been actively developed. However, precision medicine is based on tailoring disease treatment to particular phenotypes by molecular‐targeted drugs. Since interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) is involved in the development of PAH in animal models, and some patients with PAH have elevated IL‐6 levels, the cytokine is expected to obtain potentials for therapeutic targeting. Accordingly, we identified a phenotype with elevated cytokine activity of the IL‐6 family in the PAH population by combining case data extracted from the Japan Pulmonary Hypertension Registry with a comprehensive analysis of 48 cytokines using artificial intelligence clustering techniques. Including an IL‐6 threshold ≥2.73 pg/mL as inclusion criteria for reducing the risk of insufficient efficacy, an investigator‐initiated clinical study using satralizumab, a recycling anti‐IL6 receptor monoclonal antibody, for patients with an immune‐responsive phenotype is underway. This study is intended to test whether use of patient biomarker profile can identify a phenotype responsive to anti‐IL6 therapy.
Soil moisture–precipitation feedbacks in pre‐ and post‐monsoon landfalling tropical cyclones in Bay of Bengal
Authors: Navale Ashish , Karthikeyan L 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe Bay of Bengal (BoB) experiences an average of three to four tropical cyclones (TCs) annually. The high population density of surrounding countries often leads to disastrous consequences when a TC makes landfall. As a result, it is critical to understand the evolution and intensity of rainfall associated with a TC that originates in the BoB. In this study, we examine the impact of initial soil moisture (SM) conditions on the TC track, TC recycled precipitation, and other TC variables using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model upgraded with Eulerian water‐tagging capabilities. We simulated pre‐monsoon TCs Amphan, Titli, Viyaru and post‐monsoon cyclones Phailin, Titli and Helen originating in the BoB. We conducted sensitivity experiments with dry and wet initial SM conditions to determine the impact of initial SM changes on TCs. We also generated four control simulations for each TC by changing the initial time to assess the effect of internal model variability. Our results indicate that initial SM conditions impact TC more than the internal model variability. We find that changes in the initial SM affect the latent heat flux, which influences the temperature and the synoptic wind pattern over the entire domain, resulting in changes in the TC properties. We find the feedback of SM to TC precipitation (quantified as recycled precipitation) is stronger as the TC approaches the landfall. The post‐landfall recycling ratio for pre‐monsoon TCs is approximately 5%–10%, but is around 20%–30% for post‐monsoon TCs. We observe that the Viyaru, Titli and Helen TC tracks are more sensitive to the initial SM conditions compared to the other three TCs. In addition to SM, we find that factors such as proximity to land, and TC intensity also have a role in determining the quantity of recycled precipitation for a TC.
Cycles in Mallows random permutations
Authors: He Jimmy , Müller Tobias , Verstraaten Teun W. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe study cycle counts in permutations of drawn at random according to the Mallows distribution. Under this distribution, each permutation is selected with probability proportional to , where is a parameter and denotes the number of inversions of . For fixed, we study the vector where denotes the number of cycles of length in and is sampled according to the Mallows distribution. When the Mallows distribution simply samples a permutation of uniformly at random. A classical result going back to Kolchin and Goncharoff states that in this case, the vector of cycle counts tends in distribution to a vector of independent Poisson random variables, with means . Here we show that if is fixed and then there are positive constants such that each has mean and the vector of cycle counts can be suitably rescaled to tend to a joint Gaussian distribution. Our results also show that when there is a striking difference between the behavior of the even and the odd cycles. The even cycle counts still have linear means, and when properly rescaled tend to a multivariate Gaussian distribution. For the odd cycle counts on the other hand, the limiting behavior depends on the parity of when . Both and have discrete limiting distributions—they do not need to be renormalized—but the two limiting distributions are distinct for all . We describe these limiting distributions in terms of Gnedin and Olshanski's bi‐infinite extension of the Mallows model. We investigate these limiting distributions further, and study the behavior of the constants involved in the Gaussian limit laws. We for example show that as the expected number of 1‐cycles tends to —which, curiously, differs from the value corresponding to . In addition we exhibit an interesting “oscillating” behavior in the limiting probability measures for and odd versus even.
Assessment of sociological indices affecting environmental pollution in Iwo, Nigeria
Authors: Jazat Joseph P. , Ogunbode Timothy O. , Akande John A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTwelve sociological factors such as: gender, age, marital status, household size, religion, educational attainment, government influence, occupation, housing structure, culture, health issues, and period of residency at the survey location were assessed to evaluate their relative impacts on environmental pollution, in Iwo, Nigeria. Structured questionnaire was prepared and randomly administered to 257 households out of which 215 (83.65%) was completed and retrieved. Data obtained were subjected to descriptive and inferential (factor analysis) statistics. Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin (KMO) and Bartlett tests showed factorability of data at p < 0.05 significant level. Factor Analysis (FA) ultimately recognized six (6) indices among the sociological factors as having eigenvalues above 1. The indices explained 65% of the total variance and are weighted as follows: household size (12.5%), marital status (11.4%), government influence (10.7%), religion (10.5%), culture (9.8%), and health issues (9.8%). These are essential indices to be explored when measuring sociological impacts on environmental pollution. That means, cultures that discourage pollution are to be identified and supported by relevant government policies and legislations.