bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self‐reported neuropsychiatric adverse reactions in people receiving bictegravir combined with emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide
Authors: Trakilovic Aleksandra , Graudins Linda Velta , Aung Ar Kar , Hoy Jennifer , Fairley Christopher K. , Aguirre Ivette 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe integrase‐inhibitor bictegravir combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) Biktarvy became available in Australia in October 2018. Neuropsychiatric adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are associated with bictegravir and may affect persistence and adherence to treatment. The aim of this study was to describe the type and frequency of reported neuropsychiatric reactions in people dispensed Biktarvy. Ethics approval was obtained from Alfred Hospital Ethics Committee (Project No. 541/20). Data were collected from records of people dispensed Biktarvy between October 2018 and May 2020 and who subsequently had a new neuropsychiatric reaction reported to the organisation's ADR Review Committee. Data were sourced from ADR reports, medical and dispensing records, and included demographics, medical history, and concurrent medicines with known psychiatric adverse reactions. Data were analysed descriptively. Biktarvy was dispensed to 1265 patients. Twenty‐two (1.7%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.0–2.5%) people reported 50 neuropsychiatric ADRs, including abnormal dreams (n = 13), sleep disorders (n = 5), and headaches (n = 5). The median time from initiation to reaction was 13 (interquartile range [IQR] 4–94) days. Eighteen patients discontinued Biktarvy (1.4%, 95% CI 0.85–2.24). There was no statistically significant difference in discontinuation of Biktarvy between people who did or did not have a pre‐existing psychiatric diagnosis (p = 0.58). Concurrent medicines with known psychiatric adverse reactions were used by 10 people. A low rate of reported neuropsychiatric ADRs lead to discontinuation of Biktarvy, similar to rates in Biktarvy trials. This study adds to the post‐marketing surveillance data of Biktarvy tolerance amongst people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
Fluorinated covalent‐organic polymers as stationary phase for analysis of organic fluorides by open‐tubular capillary electrochromatography
Authors: Li Qiaoyan , Sun Wenqi , Li Zhentao , Chen Zilin 
Published: June 2023

Fluorinated porous materials, which can provide specific fluorine‐fluorine interaction, hold great promise for fluoride analysis. Here, a novel fluorinated covalent‐organic polymer was prepared by using 2,4,6‐tris(4‐aminophenyl)‐1,3,5‐triazine and 2,3,5,6‐tetrafluorotelephtal aldehyde as the precursors and introduced as stationary phase for open‐tubular capillary electrochromatography. The as‐synthesized fluorinated covalent‐organic polymer and the modified capillary column were characterized by infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive X‐ray spectrometry. Based on strong hydrophobic interaction and fluorine–fluorine interaction provided by fluorinated covalent‐organic polymer coating layer, the modified column showed powerful separation selectivity toward hydrophobic compounds, organic fluorides, and fluorinated pesticides. Additionally, the fluorinated covalent‐organic polymer with good porosity and regular shape was uniformly and tightly coated on the capillary inner wall. The obtained highest column efficiency could reach up to 1.2 × 105 plates⋅m−1 for fluorophenol. The loading capacity of the modified column can reach 141 pmol for trifluorotoluene. Besides, the relative standard deviations of retention times for intraday run (n = 5), interday run (n = 3), and between columns (n = 3) were all less than 2.55%. Significantly, this novel fluorinated material‐based stationary phase shows great application potential in fluorides analysis.
Separation and quantification of the urinary enantiomers of 2‐hydroxyglutaric acid by capillary electrophoresis with capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection: Application to the diagnosis of D‐ and L‐2‐hydroxyglutaric aciduria
Authors: Cansever M. Şerif , Öztekin Nevin , Kıykım Ertuğrul , Zübarioğlu Tanyel , Aktuğlu Zeybek Ayşe Çiğdem 
Published: June 2023

2‐hydroxyglutaric aciduria is an inherited neurometabolic disorder with two major types: D‐2‐hydroxyglutaric aciduria and L‐2‐hydroxyglutaric aciduria. An easy and fast capillary electrophoresis system combined with a capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection method was developed for the enantioseparation and determination of D‐ and L‐2‐hydroxyglutaric acid in urine. D‐ and L‐2‐hydroxyglutaric acids were separated using vancomycin as the chiral selector. The optimal separation conditions for enantiomers were achieved by the use of a buffer containing 50 mM 4‐(N‐morpholino) butane sulfonic acid solution (pH 6.5), an electroosmotic flow modifier (0.001% [w/v] polybrene), and 30 mM vancomycin as chiral selector. The analysis time was 6 min under optimal conditions. The optimized and validated method was successfully implemented for quantifying D‐ and L‐2‐hydroxyglutaric aciduria in patients’ urine, without any pretreatment step. The linearity of the method was determined to be in the range of 2–100 mg/L for D‐ and L‐2‐hydroxyglutaric acid in urine. The precision (relative standard deviation%) was obtained at about 7%. For D‐ and L‐2‐hydroxyglutaric acids, the limits of detection were 0.567 and 0.497 mg/L, respectively.
Effects of Right Lateral Position on Changes of Fetal Hemodynamics in Late Pregnancy
Authors: Wu Siqi , Liao Guilian , Yang Jinying 
Published: June 2023

ObjectiveWe aim to evaluate the effect of right lateral position on fetal hemodynamics (including umbilical artery [UA] and middle cerebral artery (MCA) blood flow‐velocity waveform).MethodsIn total, 150 low‐risk singleton full‐term pregnant women were included in the study from November 2021 to January 2022. Doppler flow velocity waveforms of the fetal UA and MCA tested by ultrasound were collected in gestation of 37–40 weeks. Computational analysis was performed using the one‐way ANOVA test.ResultsCompared with the maternal left lateral position, there was a significant increase in Doppler indices of UA‐RI (P = .033), UA‐S/D (P = .019) and MCA‐PSV (P = .021) and a significant decrease in MCA‐RI (P = .030) in the supine position group. There was no statistical significance in all Doppler indices between the left and right lateral position (P > .05). Among the Doppler indices of three different maternal positions, there was no significance in both UA‐PI and MCA‐PI (P > .05).ConclusionThere were no significant differences on changes of the fetal hemodynamics between left and right lateral positions. Pregnant women could adopt to lie in the left or right lateral position alternately to relieve the discomfort in late pregnancy.
The Effects of Labor Epidural Analgesia on Maternal and Fetal Hemodynamics: A Prospective Observation Study
Authors: Wu Siqi , Gan Junning , Xing Yunguang , Wang Wei , Yang Jinying 
Published: June 2023

PurposeThis study aimed to investigate the effect of epidural analgesia (EA) on maternal and fetal hemodynamics.MethodsA prospective single‐center observational study was conducted from March 2022 to May 2022 on low‐risk singleton pregnancies who received prenatal care at 37–40 weeks and delivered at our hospital. Pre‐ and post‐EA, maternal and fetal hemodynamics, including maternal parameters of mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR) and saturation of pulse oxygen (SPO2), fetal heart rate (FHR), Doppler flow parameters of umbilical artery (UA), middle cerebral artery (MCA), and uterine artery (UtA) during labor were measured before epidural insertion (T0), and 15 (T1), 30 (T2), and 60 (T3) minutes after. Computational analysis was performed using a one‐way ANOVA test.ResultsIn total, 100 singleton pregnant women were enrolled. After EA, maternal MAP, HR, and SPO2 were significantly lower than baseline values at all times except for HR in T3 and remained lower for the study's duration (P < .05). As for FHR, there was no significant difference between pre‐ and post‐epidural. The mean UtA‐PI (pulsatility index), UA‐PI, UA‐RI (resistance index), and UA‐S/D (systolic/diastolic ratio) were not significantly modified after EA. Nevertheless, MCA‐PI and RI significantly decreased in 15 minutes after initiating EA compared with T0 values (P < .05), and MCA‐PSV (resistance index and peak systolic velocities) was significantly increased compared with T0 at all times (P < .05). The above changes were all within the normal range.ConclusionAlthough maternal MAP, HR, and SPO2 significantly decreased after EA, fetal hemodynamics remained relatively stable.
The Fetal Liver Afferent Venous Flow Volumes in Fetuses With Appropriate for Gestational Age Birth Weight
Authors: Kivilevitch Zvi , Gilboa Yinon , Kassif Eran , Achiron Reuven 
Published: June 2023

ObjectivesThe present study aimed: 1) to simultaneously investigate the relationship between blood flow volumes of the two fetal liver afferent venous systems of normally appropriate for gestational age newborns. 2) to establish the normal reference range centiles values that will serve as a basis for future investigations.MethodsA cross‐sectional, prospective study of singleton low obstetric risk pregnancies. Doppler examination included the measurement of the umbilical and the main portal vein vessels' diameters and time‐averaged maximum velocity. The absolute and per kilogram of estimated fetal weight flow volumes and the ratio between the placental and portal blood volume flow were calculated from these data.ResultsThree hundred and sixty‐three pregnant women were included in the study. The umbilical and portal flow volumes' capacity to provide blood flow per kilogram of fetal weight, in the period of maximum fetal growth, was diverse. The placental flow decreased continuously from a mean of 121.2 mL/min/kg at the 20th week of gestation to 64.1 mL/min/kg at the 38th week of gestation. Meanwhile, the portal flow volume per kilogram of fetal weight increased from 9.6 mL/min/kg at 32 weeks of gestation to 10.3 at the 38th week of gestation. This resulted in a decrease in the umbilical to portal flow volume ratio from 13.3 to 9.6 during this period.ConclusionOur results indicate that in the period of maximum fetal growth, the placental/portal ratio diminishes emphasizing the portal flow's predominance with low oxygen and nutrient supply to the liver.
Can Modifications of LR‐M Criteria Improve the Diagnostic Performance of Contrast‐Enhanced Ultrasound LI‐RADS for Small Hepatic Lesions up to 3 cm?
Authors: Huang Weiche , Wen Rong , Wu Yuquan , Lin Peng , Guo Danxia , Peng Yuye , Liu Dun , Mou Meiyan , Chen Fenghuan , Huang Fen , Yang Hong , He Yun 
Published: June 2023

ObjectiveTo assess the diagnostic performance of the contrast‐enhanced ultrasound liver imaging reporting and data system (CEUS LI‐RADS) version 2017 for small hepatic lesions of ≤3 cm before and after changing the LR‐M criteria.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the CEUS examination of 179 patients who were at high risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with focal hepatic lesions ≤3 cm (194 lesions in total) and evaluated the diagnostic capability of the American College of Radiology and modified CEUS LI‐RADS algorithms.ResultsRevision of the early washout time to 45 seconds increased the sensitivity of LR‐5 in predicting HCC (P = .004), with no significant decrease in specificity (P = .118). It also made better the specificity of LR‐M in predicting non‐HCC malignancies (P = .001), with no significant decrease in sensitivity (P = .094). However, using within 3 minutes as the criterion for marked washout time improved the LR‐5 sensitivity (P < .001) but decreased its specificity (P = .009) in predicting HCC, whereas the specificity of LR‐M in predicting non‐HCC malignancies increased (P < .001), but the sensitivity decreased (P = .027).ConclusionsCEUS LI‐RADS (v2017) is a valid method for predicting HCC risk in high‐risk patients. The diagnostic performance of LR‐5 and LR‐M could boost when the early washout time is revised to 45 seconds.
Comparison of the Feasibility and Diagnostic Performance of ACR CEUS LI‐RADS and a Modified CEUS LI‐RADS for HCC in Examinations Using Sonazoid
Authors: Liao Wei , Que Qiao , Wen Rong , Lin Peng , Chen Yuji , Pang Jinshu , Guo Danxia , Wen Dongyue , Yang Hong , He Yun 
Published: June 2023

ObjectivesThe present study aimed to determine the feasibility of the American College of Radiology's (ACR) contrast‐enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI‐RADS) (version 2017) in examinations using Sonazoid and compare its diagnostic performance with that of modified LI‐RADS in patients at high risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).MethodsThis retrospective study's sample population consisted of 137 participants with a total of 140 nodules who underwent CEUS with Sonazoid and pathological confirmation via surgery or biopsy from January 2020 to February 2022. The lesions were evaluated and classified based on the reference standards (ie, ACR CEUS LI‐RADS and modified LI‐RADS). The overall diagnostic capabilities of the two systems were evaluated in terms of accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).ResultsThe participants had a median age of 51 years and an interquartile range of 43–58 years. Regarding LR‐5 as a predictor of HCC, the accuracy results of the ACR LI‐RADS and modified LI‐RADS algorithms were 72.9 and 71.4%, respectively (P = .50). The sensitivity of both systems was the same (69.7%; 95% CI: 60.7–77.8%). Regarding LR‐M as a predictor of non‐HCC malignancy, the diagnostic performance of the algorithms was the same, with accuracy and sensitivity results of 76.4 and 73.3%, respectively (95% CI: 44.9–92.2%).ConclusionThe findings indicate that modified LI‐RADS had a moderate level of diagnostic performance for HCC in examinations using Sonazoid, which was comparable to ACR LI‐RADS.
Effect of Soft Preheating of Bovine Serum Albumin on the Complexation with Oligochitosan: Structure and Conformation of BSA in the Complex
Authors: Zhuravleva Irina L. , Bezrodnykh Evgeniya A. , Berezin Boris B. , Tikhonov Vladimir E. , Antonov Yurij A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPhase analysis, spectroscopic, and light scattering methods are applied to investigate the peculiarities of the interaction of oligochitosan (OCHI) with native and preheated bovine serum albumin (BSA) as well as the conformational and structural changes of BSA in BSA/OCHI complex. As shown, untreated BSA binds with OCHI mainly forming soluble electrostatic nanocomplexes, with the binding causing an increase in BSA helicity without a change in the local tertiary structure and thermal stability of BSA. In contrast, soft preheating at 56 °C enhances the complexation of BSA with OCHI and slightly destabilizes the secondary and local tertiary structures of BSA within the complex particles. Preheating at 64 °C (below the irreversible stage of BSA thermodenaturation) leads to further enhancement in the complexation and formation of insoluble complexes stabilized by both Coulomb forces and hydrophobic interactions. The finding can be promising for the preparation of biodegradable BSA/chitosan‐based drug delivery systems.
Colorimetric Transition of Polydiacetylene/Cyclodextrin Supramolecular Assemblies and Implications as Colorimetric Sensors for Food Phenolic Antioxidants
Authors: Sergi Riccardo , Brugnoli Benedetta , Sturabotti Elisa , Piozzi Antonella , Galantini Luciano , Taresco Vincenzo , Francolini Iolanda 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMolecular self‐assembly has significant potential in the field of sensing. Polydiacetylenes (PDAs) are conjugated polymers possessing peculiar optical properties obtained by photopolymerization of self‐assembled diacetylene monomers. Herein, the blue‐to‐red phase transition upon either thermal stimulus or interaction with cyclodextrins (CDs) of two PDAs, bearing either carboxylic (PCDA) or amino (PCDA‐NH2) polar heads, is investigated to develop a colorimetric sensor for food phenolic antioxidants. The change in the PDA polar head does not affect significantly thermo‐chromatic transition. Upon thermal stimulus, in both PDAs, color transition occurs straightforward between two distinct stable states and does not involve the disordering of the PDA crystal phase, as revealed by UV–vis spectroscopy and SAXS analysis. Contrarily, PDA/α‐CD interaction is influenced by intermolecular forces among PDA polar heads and is more efficient for PCDA. α‐CDs presumably cause changes in both PDA backbone conformation and local environment surrounding the individual PDA chains. The PCDA/α‐CD assemblies are investigated as colorimetric sensors for the detection of Tyrosol (Ty) and caffeic acid (CAF), by using the principle of competitive inclusion complex formation. The system results to be more sensitive to CAF than Ty and may permit the determination of CAF in concentration ranges suitable for different food products.
Follow up of women after obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASI)—What is the role of anorectal testing?
Authors: Badri Hawra , Fowler Gillian , Lane Steven 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimsTo evaluate the benefit of performing anorectal studies on all women following primary obstetric anal sphincter injury (OASI) repair over performing them on symptomatic women only.MethodsWomen who attended perineal clinic between 2007 and 2020 underwent symptom assessment and anorectal studies at 6 weeks and 6 months postpartum. Anorectal studies including endo anal ultrasound (EAUS) and anal manometry (AM) were performed. The anorectal studies of symptomatic women who were the case group, were compared with asymptomatic women who were the control group.ResultsA total of 1348 women were seen in the perineal clinic over 13 years. A total of 454 (33.7%) women were symptomatic. A total of 894 (66.3%) women were asymptomatic. A total of 313 (35%) asymptomatic women had two abnormal anorectal studies, 274 (31%) had abnormal AM alone, and 86 (9.6%) had abnormal EAUS alone. A total of 221 (24.7%) asymptomatic women had normal anorectal studies.ConclusionAlmost 70% of women were asymptomatic 6 months following primary OASI repair. Most had at least one abnormal anorectal study result. Selectively performing anorectal tests on symptomatic women would not identify asymptomatic women at risk of future faecal incontinence following further vaginal birth. Without anorectal study results, women would not receive accurate counseling about the risks of vaginal birth. Anorectal studies should be offered to all women following OASI where resources allow.
Psychosocial experiences of caring by family caregivers of patients living with prostate cancer in a teaching hospital: A descriptive phenomenological study
Authors: Ninnoni Jerry Paul K. , Owoo Benedicta 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimThis study explored the psychosocial experience of caregiving on the family caregiver of patients with prostate cancer in the Cape Coast metropolis of Ghana.DesignA descriptive phenomenological study was conducted through in‐depth face‐to‐face semi‐structured interviews. Twelve family caregivers of prostate cancer patients were selected through purposive sampling. Interviews were conducted until data saturation. All interviews were taped, transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically.ResultsThe family caregiver's psychosocial experience associated with caregiving uncovered two significant themes with 13 sub‐themes. ‘Psychological impact’ emerged as the first central theme, with anxiety, care as an obligation and feelings of inadequacy, hopelessness, uncertainty, denial and concealment as the sub‐themes. The second central theme was ‘Social impact’ with sexual concerns, role adjustment, loss of livelihood, turmoil and reduced leisure activities emerging as sub‐themes.ConclusionThe findings demonstrated that caring significantly impacts the psychological and social well‐being of the caregivers of prostate cancer patients. Therefore, there is a need for holistic assessment to include the psychosocial well‐being of family caregivers to improve quality of life. Therefore, psychiatric nurses support family caregivers through education and psychosocial interventions to improve their quality of life and enable them to care for their loved ones more effectively.
Clinic reported facilitators and barriers to pediatric cancer survivor care delivery among survivorship clinics: A fishbone analysis
Authors: Krauss Victoria , Mertens Ann , Marchak Jordan Gilleland , Haardörfer Regine , Meacham Lillian R. , Lewis Rebecca Williamson , Wright Robert , Adisa Oyinda , Kommajosula Apoorva , Escoffery Cam 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundChildhood cancer survivors need regular, long‐term survivor care. The Children's Oncology Group (COG) recommends that pediatric patients receive ongoing, evidence‐based surveillance for late effects, beginning 2 years after the completion of cancer therapy. However, at least a third of survivors are not engaging in long‐term survivorship care. This study assessed facilitators and barriers to follow‐up survivorship care through the perspectives of pediatric cancer survivor clinic representatives.MethodsAs part of a hybrid implementation‐effectiveness trial, a representative from 12 participating pediatric cancer survivor clinics completed a survey about site characteristics and a semi‐structured interview on facilitators and barriers to survivor care delivery at their institution. Interviews were grounded in the socio‐ecological model (SEM) framework and utilized a fishbone diagram to understand what facilitates and impedes survivor care. We ran descriptive statistics and conducted thematic analyses of the interview transcripts to create two meta‐fishbone diagrams.ResultsAll participating clinics (N = 12) have existed for at least 5 years (mean = 15, median = 13, range = 3–31), and half (n = 6, 50%) reported seeing more than 300 survivors annually. In the fishbone diagram, the top facilitators were in the SEM domain of organization, specifically with familiar staff (n = 12, 100%), resource utilization (n = 11, 92%), dedicated survivorship staff (n = 10, 83%), and clinic processes (n = 10, 83%). Common barriers were across the domains of organization, community, and policy, which included distance/transportation to the clinic (n = 12, 100%), technology limits (n = 11, 92%), scheduling issues (n = 11, 92%), and insufficient funding/insurance (n = 11, 92%).ConclusionClinic staff and provider perceptions are instrumental in understanding multilevel contextual issues related to survivor care delivery for pediatric cancer survivor clinics. Future research can aid in developing education, processes, and services to promote cancer survivor follow‐up care.