bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reducing PSY activity fine tunes threshold levels of acis-carotene-derived signal that regulates the PIF3/HY5 module and plastid biogenesis
Authors: Hou Xin , Alagoz Yagiz , Welsch Ralf , Mortimer Matthew D , Pogson Barry J. , Cazzonelli Christopher I. 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACTPHYTOENE SYNTHASE (PSY) is a rate-limiting enzyme catalysing the first committed step of carotenoid biosynthesis, and changes in PSY gene expression and/or protein activity alter carotenoid composition and plastid differentiation in plants. Here we identified four genetic variants ofPSY(psy−4,psy−90,psy−130andpsy−145) using a forward genetics approach that rescued leaf virescence phenotypes displayed by theArabidopsisCAROTENOID ISOMERASE (CRTISO) mutantccr2(carotenoid and chloroplast regulation 2) when grown under a shorter photoperiod. The four non-lethal mutations affected alternative splicing, enzyme-substrate interactions, and PSY:ORANGE multi-enzyme complex binding, constituting the dynamic posttranscriptional fine-tuning of PSY levels and activity without changing localization to the stroma and protothylakoid membranes.psygenetic variants did not alter overall total xanthophyll or cis-carotene accumulation inccr2 yetreduced specific acyclic linearcis-carotenes linked to the biosynthesis of a yet-to-be-identified apocarotenoid signal.ccr2 psyvariants modulated the ratio of PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTOR 3/ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5 (PIF3/HY5), displayed a normal PLB formation in etioplasts, and chlorophyll accumulation during seedling photomorphogenesis. Thus, suppressing PSY activity and impairing PSY:ORANGE protein interactions reveals how threshold specificcis-carotene levels can be fine-tuned through holoenzyme-metabolon interactions to control plastid development.HighlightsManipulation of the PHYTOENE SYNTHASE catalytic activity in concert with its regulatory protein, ORANGE, reduces threshold levels of acyclic linearcis-carotenes that signal control over plastid biogenesis in dark and light grown Arabidopsis seedlings
Genomic refugium of pre-domestication lineages in the Bronze Age Carpathian Basin
Authors: Dicső Zoltán , Szabó Géza , Bozi Róbert , Borbély Noémi , Heltai Botond , Kulcsár Gabriella , Mende Balázs Gusztáv , Kiss Viktória , Szécsényi-Nagy Anna , Gerber Dániel 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHorse domestication is a key element in history for its impact on human mobility and warfare. There is clear evidence for horse control from the beginning of the 2ndmillennium BCE in the Carpathian Basin, when antler cheekpieces appear in the archaeological record mostly in the eastern areas. Previous archaeogenomic studies also revealed that the spread of the ancestors of modern day horses began at this time period, but the details of this event in Bronze Age Europe is yet to be uncovered. In this study we report a new shotgun genome (∼0.9x coverage) of a Middle Bronze Age horse (radiocarbon dated to 1740-1630 cal. BCE) from Tompa site, southern Hungary, along with six mitochondrial genomes from various sites from Late Copper Age to Early Bronze Age Western Hungary. Our results reveal a strong bottleneck among pre-domestication Carpathian Basin horses and delayed DOM2 introduction into the region compared to the surrounding areas. The population size reduction was most probably due to human mediated loss of natural habitat, but the practice of horsekeeping after the turn of the 2ndmillennium BCE can not be excluded based on the genomic data. Our results provide a complex history for horse domestication in the Central-European region, highlighting the need for further research to fully understand the extent and nature of human-horse interactions in this area throughout prehistory.
Nausea-induced suppression of feeding is mediated by central amygdala Dlk1 expressing neurons
Authors: Ding Wenyu , Weltzien Helena , Peters Christian , Klein Rüdiger 
Published: June 2023

SummaryThe motivation to eat is suppressed by satiety and by aversive stimuli such as nausea. Compared to the neural regulation of homeostatic feeding, the mechanism of appetite suppression by nausea is not well understood. Previous work characterized PKCδ neurons in the lateral subdivision (CeL) of the central amygdala (CeA) to suppress feeding in response to satiety signals and nausea. Here, we characterized a previously unknown neuronal population enriched in the medial subdivision (CeM) of the CeA and marked by expression of Dlk1. Distinct from CeAPKCδneurons, CeADlk1neurons are activated by nausea, but not by satiety, form long-range projections to many brain regions and exert their anorexigenic activity by inhibition of neurons of the parabrachial nucleus. CeADlk1neurons are under inhibitory control of appetitive CeA neurons, but also receive long-range monosynaptic inputs from multiple brain regions. Our results illustrate a novel CeA circuit that regulates nausea-induced feeding suppression.HighlightsCeADlk1neurons are a previously unknown CeA cell population, enriched in the CeMCeADlk1neurons are activated by nausea and bitter food, but not satietyCeADlk1neurons suppress feeding under conditions of nauseaCeADlk1neuronal projections to the PBN mediate feeding suppression
Discovery of novel DNA cytosine deaminase activities enables a nondestructive single-enzyme methylation sequencing method for base resolution high-coverage methylome mapping of cell-free and ultra-low input DNA
Authors: Vaisvila Romualdas , Johnson Sean R. , Yan Bo , Dai Nan , Bourkia Billal M. , Chen Minyong , Corrêa Ivan R. , Yigit Erbay , Sun Zhiyi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCytosine deaminases have important uses in the detection of epigenetic modifications and in genome editing. However, the range of applications of deaminases is limited by a small number of well characterized enzymes. To expand the toolkit of deaminases, we developed an in-vitro approach that bypasses a major hurdle with their severe toxicity in expression hosts. We systematically assayed the activity of 175 putative cytosine deaminases on an unprecedented variety of substrates with epigenetically relevant base modifications. We found enzymes with high activity on double- and single-stranded DNA in various sequence contexts including novel CpG-specific deaminases, as well as enzymes without sequence preference. We also report, for the first time, enzymes that do not deaminate modified cytosines. The remarkable diversity of cytosine deaminases opens new avenues for biotechnological and medical applications. Using a newly discovered non-specific, modification-sensitive double-stranded DNA deaminase, we developed a nondestructive single-enzyme 5-methylctyosine sequencing (SEM-seq) method. SEM-seq enables accurate, high-coverage, base-resolution methylome mapping of scarce biological material including clinically relevant cell-free DNA (cfDNA) and single-cell equivalent 10 pg input DNA. Using SEM-seq, we generated highly reproducible base-resolution 5mC maps, accounting for nearly 80% of CpG islands for a low input human cfDNA sample offering valuable information for identifying potential biomarkers for detection of early-stage cancer and other diseases. This streamlined protocol will enable robust, high-throughput, high-coverage epigenome profiling of challenging samples in research and clinical settings.
Syndiniales parasites drive species networks and are a biomarker for carbon export in the oligotrophic ocean
Authors: Anderson Sean R. , Blanco-Bercial Leocadio , Carlson Craig A. , Harvey Elizabeth L. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMicrobial associations that result in phytoplankton mortality are important for carbon transport in the ocean. This includes parasitism, which in microbial food webs, is dominated by the marine alveolate group, Syndiniales. Parasites are expected to contribute to carbon recycling via host lysis; however, knowledge on host dynamics and correlation to carbon export remain unclear and limit the inclusion of parasitism in biogeochemical models. We analyzed a 4-year 18S rRNA metabarcoding dataset (2016-2019), performing network analysis for twelve discrete depths (1- 1000 m) to determine Syndiniales-host associations in the seasonally oligotrophic Sargasso Sea. Analogous water column and sediment trap data were included to define environmental drivers of Syndiniales and their correlation with particulate carbon flux (150 m). Syndiniales accounted for 48-74% of network edges, most often associated with Dinophyceae and Arthropoda (mainly copepods) at the surface and Rhizaria (Polycystinea, Acantharea, and RAD-B) in the aphotic zone. Unlike other major groups, Syndiniales were significantly (and negatively) correlated with particulate carbon flux, suggesting parasites may drive flux attenuation through remineralization. Examination of Syndiniales amplicons revealed a range of depth patterns, including specific ecological niches and vertical connection among a subset (19%) of the community, the latter implying sinking of parasites (infected hosts or spores) on particles. Our findings point to the use of Syndiniales as biomarkers of carbon export, highlighting their importance for marine food webs and biogeochemistry.Significance StatementSyndiniales parasites are widespread in the ocean and represent a potentially important, albeit poorly resolved, source of carbon recycling. Here, we assess Syndiniales population dynamics, trophic relationships, and links to carbon export in the Sargasso Sea. Species networks at all depths were driven by Syndiniales, with parasite-host relationships varying with depth based on shifts in host composition. Syndiniales were the only eukaryote group to be significantly (and negatively) correlated with particulate carbon flux, indicating their contribution to flux attenuation via remineralization. Yet, a subset of parasites was vertically connected between photic and aphotic zones, suggesting continued export. Our findings elevate the critical role of Syndiniales in marine microbial systems and reveal their potential use as biomarkers for carbon export.
Food safety and cognitive biases: what we know, what we need to know, and why
Authors: James Harvey S. , Segovia Michelle , Giwa-Daramola Damilola 
Published: June 2023

PurposeThe authors review the small but growing literature linking cognitive biases to food safety problems and foodborne illness outbreaks.Design/methodology/approachThe authors conducted a search of peer-reviewed articles utilizing empirical methods published since the year 2000 focusing on food safety or foodborne illnesses/outbreaks and cognitive biases.FindingsThe authors find that most research is conducted at the consumer side of the food system, with few studies examining the potential problems that can arise in the production and processing of food. The authors also observe that most research tends to focus on a few cognitive biases.Originality/valueThis is the most comprehensive study to date examining insights from the literature on cognitive biases and the related discipline of behavioral economics to the specific problem of foodborne illness outbreaks and food safety problems.
Predictors of continued intention of working professionals for pursuing e-learning courses for career advancement
Authors: Deshpande Amruta , Raut Rajesh , Gupta Kirti , Mittal Amit , Raheja Deepali , Ekbote Nivedita , Kaul Natashaa 
Published: June 2023

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to examine the continuance intentions of working professionals to pursue e-learning courses as a path for career advancement. The primary objective of this study is to ascertain the predictors of continued intentions of working professionals to pursue e-learning courses and examine if this is a trend in career development.

Design/methodology/approach
Perceived usefulness of e-learning, motivation and satisfaction are independent variables which are examined using a regression model as potential determinants of continued intentions to use various e-learning platforms. Data from 240 working professionals in different sectors was collected. In addition, satisfaction, motivation and perceived usefulness among the male and female respondents are compared using ANOVA.

Findings
The findings showed that motivation, satisfaction and perceived usefulness of e-learning are significant predictors and have a strong influence on the continued intentions of working professionals to pursue e-learning courses. In addition, the results showed that motivation levels while pursuing e-learning and satisfaction derived from them were higher for female professionals.

Practical implications
This study identifies the antecedents of the continued intentions of working professionals to pursue e-learning courses on the path of career advancement. The outcome of the study can be used by educators and e-content creators to make e-learning more engaging. Corporates can also use the results of this study to identify initiatives that can encourage the pursuit of e-learning.

Originality/value
This study provides an important insight exploring the antecedents of continued intentions of working professionals to pursue e-learning courses as a path of career advancement. The research contributes significantly to the understanding thought process of working professionals towards their careers.
The role of effectuation and causation for SME survival amidst economic crisis
Authors: Osiyevskyy Oleksiy , Shirokova Galina , Ehsani Mehrsa 
Published: June 2023

PurposeEconomy-wide crises create major challenges for small and medium enterprises (SMEs). Existing studies emphasize the crucial role of contrasting behavioral strategies, effectuation and causation in SMEs' adaptation to crisis conditions. Yet, prior literature concentrated predominantly on exploring the impact of effectuation and causation on firm performance rather than survival. The authors present and empirically test a theoretical model explaining how behavioral strategies affect SME survival during an economy-wide crisis under different levels of environmental dynamism.Design/methodology/approachThe authors propose a theoretical framework based on the combination of the effectuation literature and the emerging variance-based perspective on entrepreneurial actions. The theoretical model is then tested using a sample of Russian SMEs during a period of economic adversity and recovery (2015–2019).FindingsThe empirical results reveal that causation reduces the probability of firm survival in dynamic environments, while effectuation increases the chance of survival irrespective of the state of the environment. In a nutshell, the study provides evidence that the effectuation logic serves a viable way for SMEs to increase the chances of survival through the economic shock and subsequent recovery period.Originality/valueFor the first time in the literature, the authors demonstrate the role of behavioral strategy (effectual and causal) as a crucial antecedent of SME survival in the short and medium term, particularly during an economy-wide downturn. Furthermore, the study demonstrates the power of variability-based theorizing for explaining and predicting the survival/failure implications of entrepreneurial actions.
Entrepreneurs' gender and small business going green
Authors: Nguyen Bach , Lin Han , Vu Nhung 
Published: June 2023

PurposeFor small businesses, the strategic objective of going green may be a gendered process. Male and female entrepreneurs, due to their gender roles, respond differently to intrinsic motivations and extrinsic pressures to go green. This study aims to investigate whether women-run or men-run firms are more likely to go green due to intrinsic motivations versus extrinsic pressures. Moreover, it examines how the effect of gender on going green is moderated by market competition and gender inequality.Design/methodology/approachThis study employs a dataset of small businesses in 40 countries, mostly developing, in Eastern Europe, Western Asia and Northern Africa.FindingsWomen-run firms are more likely to go green due to both intrinsic motivations and extrinsic pressures compared to men-run firms. Notably, market competition weakens the positive effect of female ownership on firm going green while gender inequality amplifies the relationship.Originality/valueThis research is one of the first to examine the gendered process of going green in small businesses. Using the social feminist and institutional theories to understand how male and female entrepreneurs go green for different types of motivations, this research expands understanding of the green transition of small businesses.
An innovation maturity assessment framework for universities with an integrated ANP approach
Authors: Saihi Afef , Madani Batool , Ndiaye Malick 
Published: June 2023

Purpose
Identifying the criteria that effectively drive innovation in universities is critical to assessing their innovation maturity level, and hence, planning for the improvements required to reach a target level. This paper aims to propose a three-phase approach to develop a multidimensional maturity assessment framework used by university decision-makers to determine their level of innovation readiness.

Design/methodology/approach
First, a systematic collection of evaluation criteria from the literature is conducted. The results are mapped into different categories in a hierarchical and multidimensional way, and validated by experts. The second phase aims to identify the critical factors and their priorities, which are determined using analytic network process (ANP). To facilitate that, a panel of thirteen experts is formed and questionnaires are sent to rank the importance of the criteria and their elements. Finally, a maturity assessment tool is developed to complement the framework, allowing decision-makers to determine the level of innovation maturity with respect to each dimension and the overall position.

Findings
Results revealed three clusters, eight criteria and 26 subcriteria related to innovation in universities. The findings about the relative importance of the various attributes are reflected in the developed assessment tool and taken into consideration in the maturity indices computation approach.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first attempt to develop a comprehensive list of innovation success drivers in universities and to use this list to design an innovation maturity assessment framework
Orientation and absorptive capacity towards sustainability: a missing link between sustainability and performance
Authors: Shah Naimatullah , Moawad Nisren Farouk , Bhatti Mitho Khan , Abdelwahed Nadia A. Abdelmegeed , Soomro Bahadur Ali 
Published: June 2023

PurposeThis study investigates economic sustainability through orientation and absorptive capacity.Design/methodology/approachThe researchers developed a conceptual framework based on vigorous literature for this investigation. This study targeted managers from Pakistan's SME sector as respondents and employed cross-sectional data. In total, the authors based this study's findings on 192 valid cases.FindingsThe structural equation modeling (SEM) results highlight that innovation orientation (IO), customer orientation (CO), supplier orientation (SO), network orientation (NO) and absorptive capacity (AC) have significant effects on economic sustainability (ES). Moreover, this study's findings show that ES significantly predicts environmental sustainability (ENS). Finally, the results also demonstrate that ES and ENS positively and substantially affect financial performance (FP).Practical implicationsThis study's findings help SMEs continue sustainable business practices by avoiding adverse environmental effects and ongoing climate changes. This study's findings contribute also to the manufacture of eco-friendly environmental products to reduce the contamination of the environment. Financial institutions and policymakers would boost SME owners' capacity and the obtainability of financial resources to improve Pakistani SMEs’ sustainable economic and environmental performance.Originality/valueThis study's findings help to enrich environmental and economic sustainability and, more significantly, for developing countries.
Exploring active and passive interactions in social networking services: a psychological needs perspective
Authors: Yang Yongqing , Xu Jianyue , Land Lesley Pek Wee , Yang Shuiqing , Chesney Thomas 
Published: June 2023

PurposePeople's socializing behavior in social networking services (SNS) presents dramatically different features, forming differentiated online social interaction patterns (DOSIP) in SNS. This study aims to explore the relationships between users' multidimensional psychological needs and multiple social interaction patterns in SNS.Design/methodology/approachBased on Maslow's hierarchy of needs and use and gratifications (U&G) theory, the authors develop the research model to examine the effects of psychological needs on DOSIP. A survey is used to collect the data of SNS users' social interaction. The authors adopt structural equation modeling–neural network (SEM-NN) integrated method to examine the research model.FindingsNeed to belong, need for self-esteem, need for social contact, need for emotional expression, need for cognition, and need for external-esteem have significant influences on both active and passive social interactions respectively.Originality/valueBased on the categorization of DOSIP into six types in terms of the level of activity and disclosure of social interaction, the authors construct an integrated research model of multidimensional psychological needs to multiple social interaction patterns, and validate the antecedents of DOSIP from the perspective of psychological needs.
Exploring the lived experience of secure patients during COVID-19
Authors: Humphries Karen , Clarke Caroline , Willoughby Kate , Collingwood Sophie 
Published: June 2023

Purpose
In 2019, the world was hit by a life threatening severe acute respiratory syndrome causing a global pandemic; Coronavirus disease (COVID-19). In the UK, a nationwide “lockdown” of public isolation and reduced social contact followed. The experience of COVID-19 and the lockdown for forensic secure mental health patients is yet to be understood. This study aims to explore this phenomenon from the patients’ perspective.

Design/methodology/approach
A qualitative approach was taken. Semi-structured interviews were carried out with six patients from a low secure unit in the UK, between November 2020 and March 2021.

Findings
Interpretive phenomenological analysis generated three superordinate themes from the data, providing insight into patients’ experience: “treading water”; how they managed: “learning to swim”; and what was helpful during this time: “in the same boat”.

Practical implications
Further consideration should be given to creating a sense of safety in wards, along with ways to continue to address the power imbalance. Interestingly, social connection may be cultivated from within the hospital setting and would benefit from further research.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to explore secure patients’ experience of COVID-19 from the patients’ perspective, within a population often neglected within recovery research.