bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experience of the Sudanese doctors in surgery of conjoined twins
Authors: Taha Isam Ahmed Abdeljaleel , Helali Mohamed Abdalaal Hussin , Taha Sami Mohamed Alamin , Hamad Ali Hamad Mahmmoud , Alaraby Shaima Osman Mohamed Ali , Dafallah Abdallah Elsiddig , Eljack Mohammed Mahmmoud Fadelallah , Ahmed Khabab Abbashar Hussien Mohamed , Ibrahim Basil Abubakr Yagoub , Mohamed Abdalrhman Hassan Ahmed , Ibrahim Mohamed Yahia , Wisa Ishag Nadi Joseph 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSurgical separation of conjoined twins remains one of the most unique and rewarding experiences in the field of pediatric surgery, bearing in mind that this decision is their best chance of survival. These are the first reported cases of successfully separating omphalopagus conjoined twins by the liver in Sudan. After an emergency cesarean section, 62-day-old term-conjoined twins were referred to our pediatric surgery center. Examination revealed well-appearing twins fused from the xiphoid to the umbilicus; imaging confirmed a fused liver with a separate portal and caval structures, necessitating surgical separation and closure, which was done successfully on subsequent hours with well tolerance and recovery discharged on day 21. The second case involved 21-day-old term-conjoined female twins who were fused from the xiphoid to the umbilicus and shared the same cord, as well as complete fusion of the liver with separate other vital organs. They were successfully separated and recovered well.
Incidentally portal vein penetration during cannulation in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography: a case report
Authors: Lin Pei-Yi , Wang Su-Hung , Tian Yu-Feng , Chen Ming-Jenn , Sun Ding-Ping , Shiau Junping , Ong Khaa-Hoo 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Portal vein cannulation is a very rare complication of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). In most reported cases, the event was managed safely with immediate catheter, guidewire withdrawn and procedure termination. Here, we report an unusual case of portobiliary fistula created during ERCP. To our knowledge, this is the first report of such case managed with immediate surgical biliary exposure.
Investigation of the environmental presence ofSalmonellaspp. in finishing pigs at commercial swine farms in Kansas (USA)
Authors: Harrison Olivia L , Li KaWang , Gebhardt Jordan T , Paulk Chad B , Woodworth Jason C , Rensing Susan , Jones Cassandra K , Trinetta Valentina 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSalmonellosis remains a major foodborne disease threat to public health worldwide. Swine are considered a reservoir for many Salmonella serotypes affecting humans; however, not all serotypes of concern in food animal products cause clinical signs of infection in swine. The objective of this study was to evaluate the presence and distribution of Salmonella spp. in finishing pigs at commercial farms across Kansas (USA). Five farms were selected and sampled when pigs weighed between 125 and 136 kg. Samples were collected and transported to the laboratory for processing following USDA-FSIS guidelines. Susceptibility and resistance profiles were also studied. Fifty-three percent (100/186) of samples were culture positive for Enterobacteriaceae, and 14% (14/100) were confirmed Salmonella positive by PCR with three of five farms having no PCR-positive samples. Salmonella serotype Braenderup was the most common serovar identified in environmental samples, while Salm. Infantis, Agona, and Montevideo were identified in fecal samples. Multidrug resistance patterns were only found in Farm 3, in fecal samples and in one floor sample. The observations reported in this study highlight areas of concern, such as locations prone to fecal contamination, to be considered when cleaning and sanitizing between groups of pigs to decrease presence of Salmonella spp. in farm environments.
Compact object mergers: exploring uncertainties from stellar and binary evolution with sevn
Authors: Iorio Giuliano , Mapelli Michela , Costa Guglielmo , Spera Mario , Escobar Gastón J , Sgalletta Cecilia , Trani Alessandro A , Korb Erika , Santoliquido Filippo , Dall’Amico Marco , Gaspari Nicola , Bressan Alessandro 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
Population-synthesis codes are an unique tool to explore the parameter space of massive binary star evolution and binary compact object (BCO) formation. Most population-synthesis codes are based on the same stellar evolution model, limiting our ability to explore the main uncertainties. Here, we present the new version of the code sevn, which overcomes this issue by interpolating the main stellar properties from a set of pre-computed evolutionary tracks. We describe the new interpolation and adaptive time-step algorithms of sevn, and the main upgrades on single and binary evolution. With sevn, we evolved 1.2 × 109 binaries in the metallicity range 0.0001 ≤ Z ≤ 0.03, exploring a number of models for electron-capture, core-collapse and pair-instability supernovae, different assumptions for common envelope, stability of mass transfer, quasi-homogeneous evolution, and stellar tides. We find that stellar evolution has a dramatic impact on the formation of single and BCOs. Just by slightly changing the overshooting parameter (λov = 0.4, 0.5) and the pair-instability model, the maximum mass of a black hole can vary from ≈60 to ≈100 M⊙. Furthermore, the formation channels of BCOs and the merger efficiency we obtain with sevn show significant differences with respect to the results of other population-synthesis codes, even when the same binary-evolution parameters are used. For example, the main traditional formation channel of BCOs is strongly suppressed in our models: at high metallicity (Z ≳ 0.01) only &lt;20 per cent of the merging binary black holes and binary neutron stars form via this channel, while other authors found fractions &gt;70 per cent.
TESS spots a mini-neptune interior to a hot saturn in the TOI-2000 system
Authors: Sha Lizhou , Vanderburg Andrew M , Huang Chelsea X , Armstrong David J , Brahm Rafael , Giacalone Steven , Wood Mackenna L , Collins Karen A , Nielsen Louise D , Hobson Melissa J , Ziegler Carl , Howell Steve B , Torres-Miranda Pascal , Mann Andrew W , Zhou George , Delgado-Mena Elisa , Rojas Felipe I , Abe Lyu , Trifonov Trifon , Adibekyan Vardan , Sousa Sérgio G , Fajardo-Acosta Sergio B , Guillot Tristan , Howard Saburo , Littlefield Colin , Hawthorn Faith , Schmider François-Xavier , Eberhardt Jan , Tan Thiam-Guan , Osborn Ares , Schwarz Richard P , Strøm Paul , Jordán Andrés , Wang Gavin , Henning Thomas , Massey Bob , Law Nicholas , Stockdale Chris , Furlan Elise , Srdoc Gregor , Wheatley Peter J , Barrado Navascués David , Lissauer Jack J , Stassun Keivan G , Ricker George R , Vanderspek Roland K , Latham David W , Winn Joshua N , Seager Sara , Jenkins Jon M , Barclay Thomas , Bouma Luke G , Christiansen Jessie L , Guerrero Natalia , Rose Mark E 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
Hot jupiters (P &lt; 10 d, M &gt; 60 M⊕) are almost always found alone around their stars, but four out of hundreds known have inner companion planets. These rare companions allow us to constrain the hot jupiter’s formation history by ruling out high-eccentricity tidal migration. Less is known about inner companions to hot Saturn-mass planets. We report here the discovery of the TOI-2000 system, which features a hot Saturn-mass planet with a smaller inner companion. The mini-neptune TOI-2000 b (2.70 ± 0.15 R⊕, 11.0 ± 2.4 M⊕) is in a 3.10-d orbit, and the hot saturn TOI-2000 c ($8.14_{-0.30}^{+0.31}$ R⊕ , $81.7_{-4.6}^{+4.7}$ M⊕) is in a 9.13-d orbit. Both planets transit their host star TOI-2000 (TIC 371188886, V = 10.98, TESS magnitude = 10.36), a metal-rich ([Fe/H] = 0.439 $_{-0.043}^{+0.041}$) G dwarf  173 pc away. TESS observed the two planets in sectors 9–11 and 36–38, and we followed up with ground-based photometry, spectroscopy, and speckle imaging. Radial velocities from CHIRON, FEROS, and HARPS allowed us to confirm both planets by direct mass measurement. In addition, we demonstrate constraining planetary and stellar parameters with MIST stellar evolutionary tracks through Hamiltonian Monte Carlo under the PyMC framework, achieving higher sampling efficiency and shorter run time compared to traditional Markov chain Monte Carlo. Having the brightest host star in the V band among similar systems, TOI-2000 b and c are superb candidates for atmospheric characterization by the JWST, which can potentially distinguish whether they formed together or TOI-2000 c swept along material during migration to form TOI-2000 b.
Dust Eddington ratios for star-forming galaxy subregions
Authors: Blackstone Ian , Thompson Todd A 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
Radiation pressure on dust is an important feedback process around star clusters and may eject gas from bright subregions in star-forming galaxies. The Eddington ratio has previously been constructed for galaxy-averaged observations, individual star clusters, and Galactic H ii regions. Here we assess the role of radiation pressure in thousands of subregions across two local star-forming galaxies, NGC 6946 and NGC 5194. Using a model for the spectral energy distribution from stellar population synthesis and realistic dust grain scattering and absorption, we compute flux and radiation pressure-mean opacities and population-averaged optical depth 〈τRP〉. Using Monte-Carlo calculations, we assess the momentum coupling through a dusty column to the stellar continuum. Optically-thin regions around young stellar populations are 30–50 times super-Eddington. We calculate the Eddington ratio for the subregions including the local mass of young and old stars and cool atomic and molecular gas. We compute the fraction of the total star formation that is currently super-Eddington, and provide an assessment of the role of radiation pressure in the dusty gas dynamics. Depending on the assumed height of the dusty gas and the age of the stellar population, we find that ∼0–10 per cent of the sightlines are super-Eddington. These regions may be accelerated to ∼5–15 km s−1 by radiation pressure alone. Additionally, our results show that for beamed radiation, the function 1 − exp (−〈τRP〉) is an excellent approximation to the momentum transfer. Opacities and optical depths are tabulated for SEDs of different stellar ages and for continuous star formation.
Measuring galaxy asymmetries in 3D
Authors: Deg N , Perron-Cormier M , Spekkens K , Glowacki M , Blyth S-L , Hank N 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
One of the commonly used non-parametric morphometric statistics for galaxy profiles and images is the asymmetry statistic. With an eye to current and upcoming large neutral hydrogen (H i) surveys, we develop a 3D version of the asymmetry statistic that can be applied to datacubes. This statistic is more resilient to variations due to the observed geometry than 1D asymmetry measures, and can be successfully applied to lower spatial resolutions (3 – 4 beams across the galaxy major axis) than the 2D statistic. We have also modified the asymmetry definition from an ‘absolute difference’ version to a ‘squared difference’ version that removes much of the bias due to noise contributions for low signal-to-noise observations. Using a suite of mock asymmetric cubes we show that the background-corrected, squared difference 3D asymmetry statistic can be applied to many marginally resolved galaxies in large wide-area H i surveys such as WALLABY on the Australian SKA Pathfinder (ASKAP).
Influence of Janus kinase inhibitors on early postoperative complications in patients with rheumatoid arthritis undergoing orthopaedic surgeries
Authors: Nishida Keiichiro , Harada Ryozo , Nasu Yoshihisa , Naniwa Shuichi , Nakahara Ryuichi , Hotta Yoshifumi , Shimizu Noriyuki , Lin Deting , Ozaki Toshifumi 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT

Objective
We retrospectively reviewed the records of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients who underwent orthopaedic surgery to examine the influence of the perioperative use of Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors on early postoperative complications.

Patients and Methods
Thirty-two patients with RA under disease control with JAK inhibitors who underwent 49 orthopaedic procedures were included in the study. Patient records after surgery were investigated for surgical site infection (SSI), delayed wound healing (DWH), a flare-up of the disease, preoperative and postoperative absolute lymphocyte counts (ALCs), venous thromboembolism, and other postoperative complications.

Results
JAK inhibitors were continued during the perioperative period in 31 procedures. In the remaining 18 procedures, JAK inhibitors were discontinued perioperatively with a mean discontinuation period of 2.4 days. No instances of SSI were identified in any patient during at least 90 days’ follow-up, while DWH was seen in one patient. Disease flare-up was noted in two patients after 3 and 9 days of discontinuation of JAK inhibitors, respectively. The ALCs significantly decreased on postoperative Day 1 (P &lt; .0001), and there was a significant correlation between pre- and post-one-day ALCs (r = 0.75, P &lt; .0001).

Conclusion
JAK inhibitors seem to be safe during the perioperative period of orthopaedic surgery.
Connecting Vietnamese-Speaking Immigrants who Smoke to the Asian Smokers Quitline: A Feasibility Pilot of Proactive Outreach Interventions
Authors: Fu Steven S , Nelson Dave , Do Tam , Burgess Diana J , Patten Christi A , Zhu Shu-Hong , Martinson Brian C 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Cigarette smoking is highly prevalent among Asian American immigrant subgroups. Previously, Asian-language telephone Quitline services were only available in California. In 2012, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) funded the national Asian Smokers’ Quitline (ASQ) to expand Asian-language Quitline services nationally. However, there are relatively few calls to the ASQ from outside California.

Aims and Methods
This pilot study assessed the feasibility of two proactive outreach interventions to connect Vietnamese-speaking participants who smoke to the ASQ. Both interventions, (1) proactive telephone outreach with a counselor trained in motivational interviewing (PRO-MI) and (2) proactive telephone outreach with interactive voice response (PRO-IVR), were adapted to be culturally and linguistically appropriate for Vietnamese-speaking participants. Participants were randomly assigned 2:1 to PRO-IVR versus PRO-MI. Assessments were conducted at baseline and 3 months post-enrollment. Feasibility indicators were the recruitment rate and initiation of ASQ treatment.

Results
Using the HealthPartners electronic health record, a large health system in Minnesota, we identified approximately 343 potentially eligible Vietnamese participants who were mailed invitation letters and baseline surveys with telephone follow-up. We enrolled 86 eligible participants (25% recruitment rate). In the PRO-IVR group 7/58 participants were directly transferred to the ASQ (12% initiation rate) and in the PRO-MI group 8/28 participants were warm transferred to the ASQ (29% initiation rate).

Conclusions
This pilot study demonstrates the feasibility of our recruitment methods and of implementing proactive outreach interventions to promote the initiation of smoking cessation treatment with the ASQ.

Implications
This pilot study contributes novel data on the uptake of Asian Smokers’ Quitline (ASQ) services among Vietnamese-speaking people who smoke (PWS) with two proactive outreach interventions: (1) proactive telephone outreach with a counselor trained in motivational interviewing (PRO-MI) and (2) proactive telephone outreach with interactive voice response (PRO-IVR). We found that it is feasible to implement these proactive outreach interventions to promote the initiation of ASQ cessation treatment among Vietnamese-language speaking PWS. Future large trials are needed to rigorously compare PRO-MI and PRO-IVR and conduct budget impact analyses to understand the most efficient strategies for incorporation into health system settings.
Opioid prescribing and use in the Military Health System: a framework synthesis, FY2016–FY2021
Authors: Madsen Cathaleen , Korona-Bailey Jessica , Janvrin Miranda Lynn , Schoenfeld Andrew J , Koehlmoos Tracey Pérez 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background
Opioid misuse is a nationwide issue and is of particular concern with regard to military readiness. The 2017 National Defense Authorization Act charges the Military Health System with greater oversight of opioid use and mitigation of misuse.

Methods
We synthesized published articles using secondary analysis of TRICARE claims data, a nationally representative database of 9.6 million beneficiaries. We screened 106 articles for inclusion and identified 17 studies for data abstraction. Framework analysis was conducted, which assessed prescribing practices, patient use, and optimum length of opioid prescriptions after surgery, trauma, and common procedures, as well as factors leading to sustained prescription opioid use.

Results
Across the studies, sustained prescription opioid use after surgery was low overall, with &lt;1% of opioid-naïve patients still receiving opioids more than 1 year after spinal surgery or trauma. In opioid-exposed patients who had undergone spine surgery, sustained use was slightly lower than 10%. Higher rates of sustained use were associated with more severe trauma and depression, as well as with prior use and initial opioid prescriptions for low back pain or other undefined conditions. Black patients were more likely to discontinue opioid use than were White patients.

Conclusions
Prescribing practices are well correlated with degree of injury or intensity of intervention. Sustained prescription opioid use beyond 1 year is rare and is associated with diagnoses for which opioids are not the standard of care. More efficient coding, increased attention to clinical practice guidelines, and use of tools to predict risk of sustained prescription opioid use are recommended.
The global magnitude and temporal trend of rheumatoid arthritis burden attributable to smoking from 1990 to 2019
Authors: Wang Zhengming , Gu Yong , Wang Rui , He Yanlin , Ge Haiya , Yang Zongrui , Jin Zhaokai , Jin Hengkai , Lv Shuaijie , Zhan Hongsheng 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectivesThe relationship between smoking and RA has been confirmed. Most nations have ratified the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control. However, there are considerable regional differences in how effectively tobacco control measures were implemented. This study was carried out to estimate the spatiotemporal trends of smoking-related RA burdens.MethodsData were available from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 and were analysed by age, sex, year and region. Joinpoint regression analysis was applied to the analysis of temporal trends in the RA burden resulting from smoking over 30 years.ResultsFrom 1990 to 2019, the number of global RA cases increased each year. The age-standardized prevalence, death and disability-adjusted life-year (DALY) rates also increased. However, there was a wave in the changing trend of the age-standardized death rate, with the lowest point in 2012 and the highest point in 1990. Smoking, in particular, was responsible for 11.9% of total RA deaths and 12.8% of total DALYs in 1990 but only 8.5% of total RA deaths and 9.6% of total DALYs in 2019. A greater burden from smoking exposure was borne by men, older adults and people living in high-middle and high sociodemographic index (SDI) countries and regions. Moreover, the UK demonstrated the highest reduction in age-standardized death and DALY rates over the three decades.ConclusionThere were reductions in the age-standardized burdens of RA caused by smoking worldwide. Nevertheless, this continues to be an issue in some areas, and efforts to reduce smoking should be made to lessen this growing burden.
Inefficient Regulation: Mortgages versus Total Credit
Authors: Karapetyan Artashes , Kvaerner Jens Soerlie , Rohrer Maximilian 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
We estimate the willingness-to-pay to bypass a loan-to-value (LTV) cap. Our identification relies on exogenous variation in debt exempt from the LTV regulation that can only be used as a substitute for a personal mortgage. Our baseline estimate reveals that homebuyers pay 7.3 Swedish Kroner (SEK) to avoid 1 SEK of equity down payment. The supply of debt not part of the LTV calculation increased by approximately 50% within 2 years after the LTV regulation. Financially weaker households drive the results.
Evaluation of in vitro rat and human airway epithelial models for acute inhalation toxicity testing
Authors: Wallace Joanne , Jackson George R , Kaluzhny Yulia , Ayehunie Seyoum , Lansley Alison B , Roper Clive , Hayden Patrick J 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In vivo models (mostly rodents) are currently accepted by regulatory authorities for assessing acute inhalation toxicity. Considerable efforts have been made in recent years to evaluate in vitro human airway epithelial models (HAEM) as replacements for in vivo testing. In the current work, an organotypic in vitro rat airway epithelial model (RAEM), rat EpiAirway, was developed and characterized to allow a direct comparison with the available HAEM, human EpiAirway, in order to address potential interspecies variability in responses to harmful agents. The rat and human models were evaluated in 2 independent laboratories with 14 reference chemicals, selected to cover a broad range of chemical structures and reactive groups, as well as known acute animal and human toxicity responses, in 3 replicate rounds of experiments. Toxicity endpoints included changes in tissue viability (MTT assay), epithelial barrier integrity (TEER, transepithelial electrical resistance), and tissue morphology (histopathology). The newly developed rat EpiAirway model produced reproducible results across all replicate experiments in both testing laboratories. Furthermore, a high level of concordance was observed between the RAEM and HAEM toxicity responses (determined by IC25) in both laboratories, with R2=0.78 and 0.88 when analyzed by TEER; and R2=0.92 for both when analyzed by MTT. These results indicate that rat and human airway epithelial tissues respond similarly to acute exposures to chemicals. The new in vitro RAEM will help extrapolate to in vivo rat toxicity responses and support screening as part of a 3Rs program.