bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the mismatch between the theory and application of photosynthetic quotients in aquatic ecosystems
Authors: Trentman Matt T. , Hall Robert O. , Valett H. Maurice 
Published: April 2023

AbstractEstimates of primary productivity in aquatic ecosystems are commonly based on variation in , rather than . The photosynthetic quotient (PQ) is used to convert primary production estimates from units of to C. However, there is a mismatch between the theory and application of the PQ. Aquatic ecologists use PQ = 1–1.4. Meanwhile, PQ estimates from the literature support PQ = 0.1–4.2. Here, we describe the theory on why PQ may vary in aquatic ecosystems. We synthesize the current understanding of how processes such as assimilation and photorespiration can affect the PQ. We test these ideas with a case study of the Clark Fork River, Montana, where theory predicts that PQ could vary in space and time due to variation in environmental conditions. Finally, we highlight research needs to improve our understanding of the PQ. We suggest departing from fixed PQ values and instead use literature‐based sensitivity analyses to infer C dynamics from primary production estimated using .
On a link criterion for Lipschitz normal embeddings among definable sets
Authors: Nhan Nguyen Xuan Viet 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIt is known by a result of Mendes and Sampaio that the Lipschitz normal embedding of a subanalytic germ is fully characterized by the Lipschitz normal embedding of its link. In this note, we show that the result still holds for definable germs in any o‐minimal structure on . We give an example showing that for homomorphisms between MD‐homologies induced by the identity map, being isomorphic is not enough to ensure that the given germ is Lipschitz normally embedded. This is a negative answer to the question asked by Bobadilla et al. in their paper about moderately discontinuous homology.
Adherence to hydroxyurea and clinical outcomes among children with sickle cell anemia
Authors: Reeves Sarah L. , Dombkowski Kevin J. , Peng Hannah K. , Phan Hanna , Kolenic Giselle , Creary Susan E. , Madden Brian , Lisabeth Lynda D. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectiveHydroxyurea lowers the incidence of vaso‐occlusive pain crises (VOC) and acute chest syndrome (ACS) among children with sickle cell anemia (SCA). Our objective was to assess the relationship between levels of adherence to hydroxyurea and clinical outcomes among children and adolescents with SCA.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study included Medicaid data (2005–2012) from Florida, Illinois, Louisiana, Michigan, South Carolina, and Texas. The study population consisted of children 1–17 years old with SCA enrolled in Medicaid for 3 years. Among children that initiated hydroxyurea, the medication possession ratio (MPR) was calculated as the proportion of days covered by hydroxyurea. Six months after initiation of hydroxyurea, clinical outcomes were assessed through the end of the study period: numbers of VOC‐related inpatient admissions and emergency department visits, and encounters for ACS. Multivariable Poisson models were used to predict outcomes by MPR quartile adjusting for previous healthcare utilization, state, and age.ResultsHydroxyurea was initiated by 515 children. The median MPR was 0.53 (interquartile range = 0.3–0.8). The annual median number of visits was 0.0 for ACS, 1.3 for VOC‐related emergency department, and 1.4 for VOC‐related inpatient admissions. For each outcome, the highest quartile of MPR had the lowest predicted count; this difference was significant for ACS visits when compared with the lowest quartile of MPR.ConclusionThis study demonstrated a high level of adherence (>75%) was essential to achieve a lower incidence of common negative clinical outcomes. Further, moderate and severe hydroxyurea nonadherence may be more common than previously appreciated among children, emphasizing the importance of developing and testing innovative strategies to increase adherence.
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation with reduced toxicity conditioning regimen in mitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalopathy syndrome
Authors: Ozek Gülcihan , Aksoylar Serap , Uçar Sema Kalkan , Canda Ebru , Akcan Mediha , Cartı Ozgür , Siviş Zuhal Onder , Oymak Yeşim , Yazıcı Havva , Bax Bridget , Bulut Fatma Derya , Yoldaş Çelik Merve , Erdem Fehime , Çoker Mahmut , Kansoy Savaş 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundMitochondrial neurogastrointestinal encephalomyopathy (MNGIE) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder due to mutations in the TYMP gene. Clinical findings are characterized by neurologic manifestations and severe gastrointestinal dysfunction. The syndrome is usually fatal, the most effective treatment appears to be hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).ProcedureIn this retrospective study, we evaluated HSCT that was performed using a reduced toxicity myeloablative conditioning regimen in patients with MNGIE at our center.ResultsA total of six allogeneic transplant procedures were performed in four patients. Three patients had fully matched donors, and one patient had a haploidentical donor. Treosulfan‐based myeloablative conditioning regimen was applied in five of six transplants. Bone marrow was used as a stem cell source. One patient is being followed up in the 4th year of posttransplant with full chimeric and without graft versus host disease (GVHD). One patient died of acute stage IV gastrointestinal system GVHD. Two patients underwent second transplantation due to engraftment failure, one of which was the patient who had a haploidentical transplant.ConclusionsTreosulfan‐based regimen is well tolerated, although engraftment failure with this conditioning regimen can be a significant problem. We share our haploidentical transplant experience, which will be the first reported case in the literature.
Chemodiversity of propolis samples collected in various areas of Benin and Congo: Chromatographic profiling and chemical characterization guided by 13C NMR dereplication
Authors: Azonwade François , Mabanza‐Banza Balthazar B. , Le Ray Anne‐Marie , Bréard Dimitri , Blanchard Patricia , Goubalan Elvire , Baba‐Moussa Lamine , Banga‐Mboko Henri , Richomme Pascal , Derbré Séverine , Boisard Séverine 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIntroductionPropolis is a resinous natural substance collected by honeybees from buds and exudates of various trees and plants; it is widely accepted that the composition of propolis depends on the phytogeographic characteristics of the site of collection.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to determine the phytochemical composition of ethanolic extracts from eight propolis batches collected in different regions of Benin (north, center, and south) and Congo, Africa.Material and methodsCharacterization of propolis samples was performed by using different hyphenated chromatographic methods combined with carbon‐13 nuclear magnetic resonance (13C NMR) dereplication with MixONat software. Their antioxidant or anti‐advanced glycation end‐product (anti‐AGE) activity was then evaluated by using diphenylpicrylhydrazyl and bovine serum albumin assays, respectively.ResultsChromatographic analyses combined with 13C NMR dereplication showed that two samples from the center of Benin exhibited, in addition to a huge amount of pentacyclic triterpenes, methoxylated stilbenoids or phenanthrenoids, responsible for the antioxidant activity of the extract for the first one. Among them, combretastatins might be cytotoxic. For the second one, the prenylated flavanones known in Macaranga‐type propolis were responsible for its significant anti‐AGE activity. The sample from Congo was composed of many triterpene derivatives belonging to Mangifera indica species.ConclusionTherefore, propolis from the center of Benin seems to be of particular interest, due to its antioxidant and anti‐AGE properties. Nevertheless, as standardization of propolis is difficult in tropical zones due to its great chemodiversity, a systematic phytochemical analysis is required before promoting the use of propolis in food and health products in Africa.
Employment and performance of modified chitosan for the removal of copper ions and methylene blue in wastewater
Authors: Mohamed Yasser M. A. , Abd El‐Aziz Mahmoud E. , Kamal Kholod H. , Elgohary Elzahraa A. , Stafford Jason , Davies Philip , El Nazer Hossam A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractExploring new and efficient adsorbents for the purification of water from heavy metals and organic waste to provide clean drinking water is highly demanded. Herein, the synthesis of polymeric materials based on grafting chitosan (Cs) by various acrylic monomers as acrylic acid (AA), 2‐acrylamide‐2‐methyl propane sulfonic acid (AMPS), and acrylamide (Am) namely S1, S2, or S3, respectively, using methylene bisacrylamide (NMBAm) as crosslinker was performed. The formed polymeric compound was characterized by utilizing Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X‐ray, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller. It was determined that S2 possessed a higher specific surface area of 109.133 m2/g, which is higher than S1 (71.2553 m2/g) and S3 (62.8847 m2/g). The as‐prepared polymeric compounds were utilized for the removal of copper ions (Cu2+) and methylene blue (MB) from wastewater in the absence and presence of UV light irradiation. The kinetic study and the adsorption isotherms for the removal of Cu2+ and MB as organic pollutants using the as‐prepared polymeric compound were studied.
Structural polymorphism and cytotoxicity of brain‐derived β‐amyloid extracts
Authors: Al Adem Kenana , Lee Sungmun 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTo date, more than 37 amyloidogenic proteins have been found to form toxic aggregates that are implicated in the progression of numerous debilitating protein misfolding diseases including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Extensive literature highlights the role of β‐amyloid (Aβ) aggregates in causing excessive neuronal cell loss in the brains of AD patients. In fact, major advances in our understanding of Aβ aggregation process, including kinetics, toxicity, and structures of fibrillar aggregates have been revealed by examining in vitro preparations of synthetic Aβ peptides. However, ongoing research shows that brain‐derived Aβ aggregates have specific characteristics that distinguish them from in vitro prepared species. Notably, the molecular structures of amyloid fibrils grown in the human brain were found to be markedly different than synthetic Aβ fibrils. In addition, recent findings report the existence of heterogeneous Aβ proteoforms in AD brain tissue in contrast to synthetically produced full‐length aggregates. Despite their high relevance to AD progression, brain‐derived Aβ species are less well‐characterized compared with synthetic aggregates. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the literature on brain‐derived Aβ aggregates with particular focus on recent studies that report their structures as well as pathological roles in AD progression. The main motivation of this review is to highlight the importance of utilizing brain‐derived amyloids for characterizing the structural and toxic effects of amyloid species. With this knowledge, brain‐derived aggregates can be adopted to identify more relevant drug targets and validate potent aggregation inhibitors toward designing highly effective therapeutic strategies against AD.
General expressions of molecular multicenter integrals for Slater‐type orbitals
Authors: Yu Tao , Si Yitao , Zhou Jiancheng 
Published: April 2023

AbstractEmploying Fourier‐transform technique, this work derives the molecular multicenter integrals for the modified Slater‐type orbitals (STOs) with arbitrary principal and angular quantum numbers, in which the spherical harmonics parts are the homogeneous solutions of original STOs. The integrands include spherical Bessel functions and associated Legendre functions. One‐electron three‐center nuclear attraction integral and two‐electron four‐center Coulomb repulsion integral are presented as numerical integrations in two dimensions and three dimensions, respectively. A simple Python script is provided to run the formulas. The correctness and computational efficiency of the script have been verified.
Mechanism of ring‐opening polymerization of l‐lactide by lanthanide aryloxide: A theoretical study on the effect of the aryloxide ligands on the process
Authors: Meelua Wijitra , Wanjai Tanchanok , Chokbunpiam Tatiya , Jitonnom Jitrayut 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA detailed mechanistic study of ring‐opening polymerization (ROP) of l‐lactide by a lanthanum aryloxide complex, La(OTMP)3 (−OTMP = 2,4,6‐trimethylphenolate), is carried out using DFT theoretical calculations. Both initiation and propagation steps were considered. The calculations reveal the two‐step coordination‐insertion mechanism, proceeding via an unprecedented lanthanum π‐arene intermediate, with the selective acyl‐oxygen bond scission of the monomer. The first step of phenolate insertion into the La − O bond of the initiator is rate‐limiting, and the bulkiness of the aryloxide ligand initiates the ROP slowly with the activation energy of 19.3 kcal mol−1, in consistent with the activation energy (15 kcal mol−1) obtained with previous kinetic experiment. Furthermore, a rationale for the broadening of molecular weight distribution reported in this initiating system is also provided.
Bias‐Field Tunable Magnon‐Magnon Coupling in Ni80Fe20 Nanocross Array
Authors: Pal Pratap Kumar , Majumder Sudip , Otani YoshiChika , Barman Anjan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHybrid dynamical systems have gained a huge momentum not only due to their exotic physical properties but also their compelling engineering standpoint, particularly owing to their potential for coherent information processing. Remarkably, magnon–magnon coupling is experimentally identified in Ni80Fe20 nanocross array with the number of spins reaching a very low value of ≈1012. Moreover, the coupling strength is effectively tuned via different external parameters, viz. microwave excitation power and the bias‐field orientation. Extensive simulations reveal that both the static and dynamical dipolar coupling contribute to the observed anticrossing phenomenon. Simultaneously, mode‐softening of spin wave tunable by subtle changes of bias‐field orientation is also observed. The findings can greatly enrich various hybrid phenomena with a magnonic platform.
Failing to attain sustainable development in Bangladesh: A potential comprehensive strategy for sustainability
Authors: Kaiser Z. R. M. Abdullah 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe study analyzes the underlying reasons and ensuing consequences of Chattogram city's development in Bangladesh, which diverges from the principles of sustainable development. This research employs mixed‐method approaches incorporating primary data to achieve its objectives. The primary data is based on a survey, interview, the author's experience, and participatory observation in Chattogram city. Furthermore, it critically examines the existing literature to develop a theoretical understanding of Chattogram city's sustainable development and its sustainable environmental nexus. The results indicate that the expansion of Chattogram city's urbanization and industrialization is proceeding at a rapid pace; however, it is occurring in an uncoordinated and unsustainable manner that neglects environmental protection. Consequently, the city's development falls short of aligning with environmental sustainability and is liable to induce negative ramifications on the environment, human health, biodiversity, and climate. The study pinpoints several factors contributing to environmental degradation, including environmental mismanagement, non‐existence of a master plan, environmental illiteracy, absence of carbon emission objectives, and haphazard industrialization and urbanization. Importantly, the issue has been exacerbated due to the inadequate focus on sustainability in the developmental process. Therefore, the findings of this research indicate that a sustainable development perspective is required to comprehend and address the issue of environmental degradation in Chattogram city. In addition, the comprehensive sustainable development strategy and policy recommendations proposed in this study are likely to be efficacious in curbing environmental degradation in Chattogram and other developing cities.
Psychological interventions for healthcare professionals during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A systematic review
Authors: Varela Carmen , Montero Mikel , Serrano‐Ibáñez Elena R. , de la Vega Ariadna , Pulido M. Almudena Gómez 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHealthcare professionals were especially vulnerable to pandemic, both to become infected and to develop a psychological problem. The aim of this systematic review is to analyze the effectiveness of psychological interventions for healthcare professionals in reducing the experienced psychological impact. From the 405 identified studies, 10 were included in this review. Four databases were searched and the risk of bias of included studies was assessed. The studies considered were randomized controlled trials. The screening and selection process was conducted by two independent reviewers. All studies presented results related with depression, anxiety, and stress during pandemic. Six were delivered using new technologies. The most effective were two psychological interventions with frequent contact and feedback provided by a mental health professional. The psychological interventions compared with non‐intervention groups presented more significant results than those compared with another intervention. The highlights of this systematic review were the urgency of designing effectiveness psychological interventions for healthcare professionals to reduce the emotional burden associate with this job. These interventions should be maintained over the time, supported by a professional and provided from the workplace. These proposals presented promising results but were more psychological resources than psychological interventions.
TP53 mutation‐related senescence is an indicator of hepatocellular carcinoma patient outcomes from multiomics profiles
Authors: Chen Yu‐Yan , Zhu Zheng‐Yi , Ma Tao , Zhang Lu , Chen Jing , Jiang Jia‐Wei , Lu Cui‐Hua , Ding Yi‐Tao , Guan Wen‐Xian , Yi Nan , Ren Hao‐Zhen 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTP53 mutation frequently occurs in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Senescence also plays a vital role in the ongoing process of HCC. P53 is believed to regulate the advancement of senescence in HCC. However, the exact mechanism of TP53 mutation‐related senescence remains unclear. In this study, we found the TP53 mutation was positively correlated with senescence in HCC, and the differential expressed genes were primarily located in macrophages. Our results proved that the risk score could have an independent and vital role in predicting the prognosis of HCC patients. In addition, HCC patients with a high risk score may most probably benefit from immune checkpoint block therapy. We also found the risk score is elevated in chemotherapy‐treated HCC samples, with a high level of senescence‐associated secretory phenotype. Finally, we validated the risk‐score genes in the protein level and noticed the risk score is positively related with M2 polarization. Of note, we considered that the risk score under the TP53 mutation and senescence is a promising biomarker with the potential to aid in predicting prognosis, defining tumor environment characteristics, and assessing the benefits of immunotherapy for HCC patients.
High‐dose synthetic phenolic antioxidant propyl gallate impairs mouse oocyte meiotic maturation through inducing mitochondrial dysfunction and DNA damage
Authors: Yang Sheng‐Ji , Wang Yong‐Sheng , Zhang Li‐Dan , Ding Zhi‐Ming , Zhou Xu , Duan Ze‐Qun , Liu Ming , Liang Ai‐Xin , Huo Li‐Jun 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPropyl gallate (PG) is one of the most widely used antioxidants in food products, cosmetics and pharmaceutical industries. Increased research has suggested that exposure to PG influences reproductive health in humans and animals. However, until now, it has not yet been confirmed whether PG would impact oocyte quality. In this study, the hazardous effects of PG on oocyte meiotic maturation were investigated in mice. The findings showed that PG exposure compromises oocyte meiosis by inducing mitochondrial stress which activates apoptosis to trigger oocyte demise. Moreover, DNA damage was significantly induced in PG‐treated oocytes, which might be another cause of oocyte developmental arrest and degeneration. Besides, the level of histone methylation (H3K27me2 and H3K27me3) in oocyte was also significantly increased by PG exposure. Furthermore, PG‐induced oxidative stress was validated by the increased level of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which might be the underlying reason for these abnormities. In conclusion, the foregoing findings suggested that PG exposure impaired oocyte meiotic maturation by yielding mitochondrial stress to activate apoptosis, inducing DNA damage and oxidative stress, and altering histone methylation level.
Convective heat transfer performance of MHD nanofluid flow with temperature dependent viscosity over stretching surface
Authors: Farooq Umer , Akhtar Kalsoom , Abbasi Mehwish Mushtaq , Hussain Muzamil , Aldandani Mohammed 
Published: April 2023

AbstractNanofluids with variable viscosity have shown tremendous potential in the thermal optimization of many industrial systems. They have seen substantial development in energy applications in recent years. Motivated by these considerations, an analysis has been carried out to investigate the nanofluid flow with temperature dependent viscosity and magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) over a stretched surface. Moreover, heat transfer has effectuated for propylene glycol (C3H8O2) based fluid with nanoparticles silicon dioxide (SiO2), and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), by heat dissipation and internal heat source/sink. The governing model comprises of non‐linear partial differential system (PDE). Suitable transformations are executed to convert the governing system into non‐similar dimensionless form. The transformed non‐similar PDEs are estimated by ordinary differential equations (ODEs) with the approximations of local non‐similarity (LNS) approach. Numerical simulations are performed using computational algorithm bvp4c. The key findings include that significance of distinct physical parameters on fluid flow and thermal transport which are revealed through graphs and tables. It is noted that by upsurging magnetic parameter, velocity of fluid reduces while temperature profile enhances. Moreover, velocity profile lessens by enlarging temperature dependent viscosity parameter. Enhancement in nanoparticles fraction upsurges the temperature and velocity profiles. Rising estimations of the Brinkman number, Biot number, and heat generation parameter uplift the temperature profile. Furthermore, a comparison is designed to check the accuracy of applied approach with existing literature. The range of various physical parameters are also calculated.