bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Attention And Positional Encoding Are (Almost) All You Need For Shape Matching
Authors: Raganato Alessandro , Pasi Gabriella , Melzi Simone 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe fast development of novel approaches derived from the Transformers architecture has led to outstanding performance in different scenarios, from Natural Language Processing to Computer Vision. Recently, they achieved impressive results even in the challenging task ofnon‐rigid shape matching. However, little is known about the capability of the Transformer‐encoder architecture for the shape matching task, and its performances still remained largely unexplored. In this paper, we step back and investigate the contribution made by the Transformer‐encoder architecture compared to its more recent alternatives, focusing on why and how it works on this specific task. Thanks to the versatility of our implementation, we can harness the bi‐directional structure of the correspondence problem, making it more interpretable. Furthermore, we prove that positional encodings are essential for processing unordered point clouds. Through a comprehensive set of experiments, we find thatattention and positional encoding are (almost) all you needfor shape matching. The simple Transformer‐encoder architecture, coupled with relative position encoding in the attention mechanism, is able to obtain strong improvements, reaching the current state‐of‐the‐art.
International standardization and optimization group for intersphincteric resection (ISOG‐ISR): modified Delphi consensus on anatomy, definition, indication, surgical technique, specimen description and functional outcome
Authors: Piozzi Guglielmo Niccolò , Khobragade Krunal , Aliyev Vusal , Asoglu Oktar , Bianchi Paolo Pietro , Butiurca Vlad‐Olimpiu , Chen William Tzu‐Liang , Cheong Ju Yong , Choi Gyu‐Seog , Coratti Andrea , Denost Quentin , Fukunaga Yosuke , Gorgun Emre , Guerra Francesco , Ito Masaaki , Khan Jim S. , Kim Hye Jin , Kim Jin Cheon , Kinugasa Yusuke , Konishi Tsuyoshi , Kuo Li‐Jen , Kuzu Mehmet Ayhan , Lefevre Jeremie H. , Liang Jin‐Tung , Marks John , Molnar Călin , Panis Yves , Rouanet Philippe , Rullier Eric , Saklani Avanish , Spinelli Antonino , Tsarkov Petr , Tsukamoto Shunsuke , Weiser Martin , Kim Seon Hahn 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAimIntersphincteric resection (ISR) is an oncologically complex operation for very low‐lying rectal cancers. Yet, definition, anatomical description, operative indications and operative approaches to ISR are not standardized. The aim of this study was to standardize the definition of ISR by reaching international consensus from the experts in the field. This standardization will allow meaningful comparison in the literature in the future.MethodA modified Delphi approach with three rounds of questionnaire was adopted. A total of 29 international experts from 11 countries were recruited for this study. Six domains with a total of 37 statements were examined, including anatomical definition; definition of intersphincteric dissection, intersphincteric resection (ISR) and ultra‐low anterior resection (uLAR); indication for ISR; surgical technique of ISR; specimen description of ISR; and functional outcome assessment protocol.ResultsThree rounds of questionnaire were performed (response rate 100%, 89.6%, 89.6%). Agreement (≥80%) reached standardization on 36 statements.ConclusionThis study provides an international expert consensus‐based definition and standardization of ISR. This is the first study standardizing terminology and definition of deep pelvis/anal canal anatomy from a surgical point of view. Intersphincteric dissection, ISR and uLAR were specifically defined for precise surgical description. Indication for ISR was determined by the rectal tumour's maximal radial infiltration (T stage) below the levator ani. A new surgical definition of T3isp was reached by consensus to define T3 low rectal tumours infiltrating the intersphincteric plane. A practical flowchart for surgical indication for uLAR/ISR/abdominoperineal resection was developed. A standardized ISR surgical technique and functional outcome assessment protocol was defined.
Development and validation of a Chinese Drinking Expectancies Questionnaire for young adults: A Hong Kong study
Authors: Chan Rufina H. W. , Dong Dong , Chong Ka‐Chun , Kim Jean H. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroductionDrinking expectancies, the perceived consequences of alcohol consumption, are noted to predict drinking behaviours. However, there is comparatively little research of drinking expectancies in non‐Western populations. This study aimed to develop and validate a Chinese Drinking Expectancy Questionnaire (CDEQ‐Adult) for Chinese young adults.MethodsFace and content validity were first assessed of items generated from literature review and previously conducted focus groups. Exploratory (EFA) and confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) were conducted with split‐half samples from a random telephone survey that was conducted on Hong Kong Chinese adults between the ages of 18–34 (n = 675). The instrument's convergent validity and internal reliability were also examined.ResultsThe preliminary instrument items showed good content validity (Item Content Validity Index range: 0.8–1.0). The EFA yielded a 31‐item, five‐factor model consisting of five domains: Negative Consequences, Interpersonal Benefits, Increased Confidence, Health Benefits and Tension/Stress Reduction (variance explained 63.7%). The CFA revealed that the fit indices for the five‐factor model using diagonal weighted least squares estimator were χ2 (256, N = 338) = 394.04, p < 0.001, comparative fit index 0.97, SRMR 0.07, RMSEA 0.06 (95% confidence interval 0.06, 0.08), suggesting a good fit of the model. The Cronbach's α coefficients were 0.94, 0.90, 0.86, 0.77 and 0.57, respectively for each of the five domains (n = 675). Significant associations with past month drinking behaviours and future drinking intentions give strong support for convergent validity.Discussion and ConclusionsThe CDEQ‐Adult is a culturally relevant instrument for assessing drinking expectancies in Chinese young adults for use in future studies.
Patterns and purposes in the uses and misuses of the term ‘critical thinking’ in the social sciences
Authors: Bregvadze Tamar , Medjad Karim 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis article analyses the uses and representations of the term “critical thinking” in the social science literature, based on a qualitative content analysis of titles, abstracts and keywords retrieved from the SCOPUS database for Germany, France and Russia over the last two decades. Our analysis focuses on how the use of the term “critical thinking” has increased over time, in which contexts the term is used and in which part of article texts it is used. Our findings are counterintuitive on several levels. First, the term “critical thinking” is seldom used in a pluri‐disciplinary context. More commonly, it is used within specific discourses—notably education. Second, we found that it is mainly used instrumentally, rather than analytically. Third, most of the articles that use the term do not engage in actual critical analysis. There are also important geographic variation in the use of the term. In articles from Germany and Russia the term is used in similar ways—and differently in France. These nuances are difficult to analyse however, due to the different topics addressed, as well as author preferences. The use of the term “critical thinking” is diverse; indeed, at times weak and paradoxical. Finally, we discuss how editorial policy in academic journals possibly influences the discourse on critical thinking.
Efficacy and safety of pharmacological treatments for Lyme neuroborreliosis: An updated systematic review
Authors: Dersch Rick , Rauer Sebastian 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundEvidence‐based recommendations for treatment of Lyme neuroborreliosis (LNB) should rely on the available literature. As new data emerges, close review and evaluation of the recent literature is needed to build evidence‐based recommendations to inform clinical practice and management of LNB. We performed an update of a previous systematic review on treatment of LNB.MethodsA systematic literature search of Medline and CENTRAL was performed for published studies from 2015 to 2023 to update a previous systematic review. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non‐randomized studies (NRS) were evaluated. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tools for RCTs; NRS were assessed using the ROBINS‐I‐tool. Quality of the evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. Data were integrated into an existing meta‐analysis of the available literature.ResultsAfter screening 1530 records, two RCTs and five NRS with new and relevant data were additionally identified. Meta‐analysis showed no statistically significant difference between doxycycline and beta‐lactam antibiotics regarding residual neurological symptoms after 12 months. Meta‐analysis showed no benefit of extended antibiotic treatment of LNB. Three NRS show no benefit for additional steroid use in LNB with facial palsy.DiscussionAdditional incorporated recent research corroborates existing guideline recommendations for treatment of LNB. New RCTs add to the certainty of previous analysis showing similar efficacy for doxycycline and beta‐lactam antibiotics in LNB. Available evidence shows no benefit for extended antibiotic treatment in LNB. NRS do not suggest a role for steroids in facial palsy due to LNB.
Prophecy or empiricism? Clinical value of predicting versus determining genetic variant functions
Authors: Brunklaus Andreas , George Alfred L. , Lal Dennis , Heinzen Erin L. , Goldman Alica M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe recent explosion of epilepsy genetic testing has created challenges for interpretation of gene variants. Assessments of the functional consequences of genetic variants either by predictive or experimental strategies can contribute to estimating pathogenicity, but there is no consensus on which approach is best. The Special Interest Group on Epilepsy Genetics hosted a session during the Annual American Epilepsy Society Meeting in December 2022 to discuss this topic. The session featured a debate of the relative advantages and limitations of predicting (prophecy) versus experimentally determining (empiricism) variant function using ion channel gene variants as examples. This commentary summarizes these discussions.
Improved nursing home end‐stage renal disease patient participation in physical therapy with onsite, more frequent dialysis
Authors: Bellin Eran Y. , Markis William T. , Hellebrand Alice M. , Busby Christine M. , Wane Katy A. , Jordan Camille R. , Ledvina Jordan G. , Kaplan Steven M. , Metzroth Todd R. , Williams Greg S. , Nazir Arif , Levin Nathan W. , Kaufman Allen M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroductionFor end‐stage renal disease (ESRD) patients residing in skilled nursing facilities (SNFs), the logistics and physical exhaustion of life‐saving hemodialysis therapy often conflict with rehabilitation goals. Integration of dialysis care with rehabilitation programs in a scalable and cost‐efficient manner has been a significant challenge. SNF‐resident ESRD patients receiving onsite, more frequent hemodialysis (MFD) have reported rapid post‐dialysis recovery. We examined whether such patients have improved Physical Therapy (PT) participation.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective electronic medical records review of SNF‐resident PT participation rates within a multistate provider of SNF rehabilitation care from January 1, 2022 to June 1, 2022. We compared three groups: ESRD patients receiving onsite MFD (Onsite‐MFD), ESRD patients receiving offsite, conventional 3×/week dialysis (Offsite‐Conventional‐HD), and the general non‐ESRD SNF rehabilitation population (Non‐ESRD). We evaluated physical therapy participation rates based on a predefined metric of missed or shortened (<15 min) therapy days. Baseline demographics and functional status were assessed.FindingsNinety‐two Onsite‐MFD had 2084 PT sessions scheduled, 12,916 Non‐ESRD had 225,496 PT sessions scheduled, and 562 Offsite‐Conventional‐HD had 9082 PT sessions scheduled. In mixed model logistic regression, Onsite‐MFD achieved higher PT participation rates than Offsite‐Conventional‐HD (odds ratio: 1.8, CI: 1.1–3.0; p < 0.03), and Onsite‐MFD achieved equivalent PT participation rates to Non‐ESRD (odds ratio: 1.2, CI: 0.3–1.9; p < 0.46). Baseline mean ± SD Charlson Comorbidity score was significantly higher in Onsite‐MFD (4.9 ± 2.0) and Offsite‐Conventional‐HD (4.9 ± 1.8) versus Non‐ESRD (2.6 ± 2.0; p < 0.001). Baseline mean self‐care and mobility scores were significantly lower in Onsite‐MFD versus Non‐ESRD or Offsite‐Conventional‐HD.DiscussionSNF‐resident ESRD patients receiving MFD colocated with rehabilitation had higher PT participation rates than those conventionally dialyzed offsite and equivalent PT participation rates to the non‐ESRD SNF‐rehabilitation general population, despite being sicker, less independent, and less mobile. We report a scalable program integrating dialysis and rehabilitation care as a potential solution for ESRD patients recovering from acute hospitalization.
Use of sisal industrial waste (Agave sisalana Perrine) in sustainable and multifunctional cosmetic products
Authors: Daher Cláudia Cecílio , Barreto Stella Maria Andrade Gomes , de Brito Damasceno Gabriel Azevedo , de Santana Oliveira Artur , Leite Pedro Ivo Palacio , Reginaldo Fernanda Priscila Santos , Escudeiro Cassiano Carlos , Ostrosky Elissa Arantes , Giordani Raquel Brandt , Ferrari Márcio 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveSisal is a common stiff fibre produced around the world, corresponding to approximately 70% of the commercial production of all fibres of this type. The fibres are extracted from the leaves of Agave sisalana, from which approximately 4% of their weight is obtained, with the remaining 96% considered to be residues from the process of the sisal industry. The objective of this work was to obtain a polyphenol‐enriched extract from the A. sisalana residue by ultrasonically assisted extraction, characterize it chemically, evaluate in vitro antioxidant activity, and develop safe and stable photoprotective formulations for future application in cosmetic preparations.MethodsUltrasonic extraction of solid plant material was performed using 50% ethanol/water (v/v). The extract was chemically characterized by high‐performance liquid chromatography equipment associated with classical molecular networking and evaluated for in vitro antioxidant activity by different methodologies. Ten formulations were prepared, varying the component concentrations and the shear time. The 1.0% sisal extract was incorporated into the most stable formulations, and preliminary and accelerated stability were evaluated. The emulsions were investigated for safety by assessment of primary accumulated dermal irritability and sensitization and a dermatological clinical study of phototoxicity and photosensitization. The photoprotective formulations containing or not containing the extract that were stable after 90 days had their in vivo sun protection factor (SPF), UVA protection factor, critical wavelength, and protection against visible and blue light determined.ResultsUltrasound extraction using 50% ethanol/water (EH 50) as an extractor vehicle showed the best yield. The extract exhibited a concentration of phenolic compounds (77.93 mg of equivalent to the standard gallic acid/g) and showed in vitro antioxidant activity. Emulsions without and with 1.0% sisal extract remained stable and safe. The addition of the extract to the photoprotective formulation statistically increased the SPF when compared to the formulation without the extract and offered protection against UVA radiation, critical wavelengths, and absorption of visible and blue light.ConclusionBased on the findings, the solid residue of A. sisalana may be indicated as a component of photoprotective and antioxidant cosmetic formulations.
Experimental and theoretical studies on NIR luminescence of titanate‐germanate glasses doped with Pr3+ and Tm3+ ions
Authors: Kuwik Marta , Kowalska Karolina , Pisarska Joanna , Pisarski Wojciech A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractNear‐infrared (NIR) luminescence of Pr3+ and Tm3+ ions in titanate‐germanate glasses has been studied for laser and fiber amplifier applications. The effect of the molar ratio GeO2:TiO2 (from 5:1 to 1:5) on spectroscopic properties of glass systems was studied by absorption, luminescence measurements, and theoretical calculations using the Judd–Ofelt theory. It was found that independent of the TiO2 concentration, intense NIR emissions at 1.5 and 1.8 μm were observed for glasses doped with Pr3+ and Tm3+ ions, respectively. Moreover, several spectroscopic and NIR laser parameters for Pr3+ and Tm3+ ions, such as emission bandwidth, stimulated emission cross‐section, quantum efficiency, gain bandwidth, and figure of merit, were determined. The results were discussed in detail and compared to the different laser glasses. Systematic investigations indicate that Pr3+‐doped system with GeO2:TiO2 = 2:1 and Tm3+‐doped glass with GeO2:TiO2 = 1:2 present profit laser parameters and could be successfully applied to NIR lasers and broadband optical amplifiers.
Life cycle assessment of in‐person, virtual, and hybrid academic conferences: New evidence and perspectives
Authors: Cavallin Toscani Antonio , Atasu Atalay , Van Wassenhove Luk N. , Vinelli Andrea 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study contributes to the debate on the environmental impacts of academic conferences by comparing the life cycle impacts of a sample of real‐world in‐person, virtual, and hybrid conferences with different features and organizers. Results show that virtual formats reduce impacts by two to three orders of magnitude across all impact categories (for global warming, averagely from 941.9 to 1.0 kg CO2eq per person). The hybrid case study, with a share of 69% virtual attendees, displays an average 60% reduction in indicator results, less than ideal cases where the farthest attendees join online. The cross‐conference comparison allowed identifying several drivers of impact variation. For in‐person conferences, some never addressed drivers were uncovered, including the energy sources and systems used to supply the venue or the number of non‐local staff members and exhibitors. For virtual conferences, the main impact driver is the average time spent online by delegates, surprisingly more related to virtual experience design (e.g., synchronous vs. asynchronous presentations) than conference duration. The study further summarizes mitigation options from the literature and proposes new ones, such as selecting a venue supplied by a biomass‐fueled district heating system or with a green electricity contract (around −41 and −1.9 kg CO2eq per person, respectively). Lastly, our work highlights some inconsistencies that affect current conference assessments and proposes new research avenues, advocating the need to shift the focus from optimizing single conferences to considering the optimal portfolio of conferences and other activities for academic societies to meet their members’ needs while minimizing environmental impacts.
The Global Diet Quality Score is associated with nutrient adequacy and depression among Vietnamese youths
Authors: Nguyen Phuong Hong , Tran Lan Mai , Hoang Nga Thu , Deitchler Megan , Moursi Mourad , Bergeron Gilles 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe Global Diet Quality Score (GDQS) has been recommended as a simple diet quality metric that is reflective of both nutrient adequacy and noncommunicable disease outcomes. It has been validated among women of reproductive age (15–49 years) in diverse settings but not specifically among younger women. This paper examines the relationship between the GDQS and nutrient adequacy, anthropometric outcomes, and depressive symptoms among 1001 Vietnamese young women aged 16–22 years. In energy‐adjusted models, the GDQS was significantly (p< 0.05) and positively correlated with intakes of protein (ρ= 0.23), total fat (ρ= 0.06), nine micronutrients (calcium, iron, zinc, vitamin C, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin B6, folate, and vitamin A) (ρ= 0.12–0.35), and the mean probability of adequacy of micronutrients (ρ= 0.28). Compared to young women with optimal GDQS, those with low and very low GDQS were two to five times more likely to have a mean probability of nutrient adequacy less than 50% and showed two to three times higher odds for depression. No association was observed for GDQS and anthropometric outcomes. In conclusion, the GDQS performed well in capturing nutrient adequacy and depressive symptoms among Vietnamese young women. Further research is warranted to explore the relationship between diet quality and depression in other settings.
Nordic authoritarianism: Child‐rearing values and political behavior in a multiparty context
Authors: Helminen Vilja , Wass Hanna , Kantola Anu , Elovainio Marko 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis article explores how authoritarianism as a factor in child‐rearing values (CRV) is associated with political orientation, party support, and policy preferences among voters and societal elites in the Nordic context, which is characterized by social trust and solidarity, feelings of affinity, and a modest degree of ideological polarization. Based on a representative citizen survey conducted in 2018 (n = 4,076) and an elite survey conducted in 2020 (n = 948) among Finnish political, administrative, advocacy, business, and influence elites, our findings suggest that authoritarianism in Finland mostly relates to culturally conservative, and less to economically conservative, political orientations. While authoritarianism is connected to policy preferences and political orientations on both cultural and economic dimensions, it has more relevance for preferences regarding cultural issues than economic ones. Our findings support the notion that authoritarianism plays a role in political orientation mainly in the cultural realm. Overall, our study indicates that authoritarianism as captured by the CRV scale might be a politically important underpinning among both citizens and societal elites also outside the U.S.
Neither an offender nor a ‘free’ person: Drug supervision and desistance in Singapore
Authors: Ganapathy Narayanan , Too Jillian Hui Li 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn 2019, the Misuse of Dugs Act, the main legislative instrument in combatting drug offences in Singapore, underwent a landmark amendment where it strove to strike a balance between subjecting persistent drug offenders to long‐term imprisonment and enhancing the reintegration potential of those offenders whom the state considered as ‘pure abusers’ without a penal charge. While this risk‐differentiated approach could be seen as progressive and moving away from the harsh response that has had traditionally characterised the Singapore state's treatment of persistent drug abusers, this article contends that extending the maximum period of drug supervision from two to 5 years, which the amendments called for, of even pure abusers upon their completion of the detention order, hinder efforts at desistance. This article focuses specifically on the contradictions of the urine testing regime post‐release and seeks to contextualise its counter effects on the various dimensions of desistance among recovering drug abusers.
Lower bounds for negative moments of ζ′(ρ)$\zeta ^{\prime }(\rho )$
Authors: Gao Peng , Zhao Liangyi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe establish lower bounds for the discrete 2kth moment of the derivative of the Riemann zeta function at nontrivial zeros for all under the Riemann hypothesis and the assumption that all zeros of are simple.