bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic diversity of the polyphagous pest Rachiplusia nu across crops and locations in the Argentine Pampas
Authors: Decker‐Franco Cecilia , San Blas Germán , Balbi Emilia Inés , Fichetti Patricia , Puebla Andrea Fabiana , Toledo Andrea Vanesa , Arneodo Joel Demián 
Published: September 2023

AbstractRachiplusia nu (Guenée) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae, Plusiinae) is a defoliator of soybean (Glycine max L., Fabaceae), sunflower (Helianthus annuus L., Asteraceae), alfalfa (Medicago sativa L., Fabaceae), and horticultural crops in temperate southern South America; however, there is little genetic information available about this pest insect. Recently, concerns about this insect have increased because of its suspected resistance to Bt soybean and its spread to tropical regions. To better understand pest dynamics, and therefore implement suitable management strategies, a thorough knowledge of the genetic variability and spatial structuring of populations is required. In this paper, R. nu larvae were sampled from various crops and locations in central Argentina (where the pest is endemic) to assess diversity and population structure through mtDNA sequence analysis. In addition to the analysis of the standard cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) ‘barcode’ fragment, a new set of primers was developed to explore genetic variation in the cytochrome b (Cytb) gene. COI and Cytb concatenated sequences revealed an overall high haplotype diversity (mean ± SD = 0.798 ± 0.037) and low nucleotide diversity (0.00137 ± 0.00013). The haplotype network showed a total of 19 haplotypes, separated by at most five mutational steps. A main central haplotype and four additional frequent haplotypes (accounting for 80% of the specimens examined) were distributed across populations with no obvious pattern related to host plant or geographic origin. Analysis of molecular variance further supported a weak population structure, where genetic variation within populations was the main source of total variation (ca. 96%). Pairwise comparisons showed only minor genetic differentiation among some of the populations studied. Implications of these findings in the context of R. nu control are discussed.
Endodontic microsurgery virtual reality simulation and digital workflow process in a teaching environment
Authors: Carpegna Giorgia , Scotti Nicola , Alovisi Mario , Comba Allegra , Berutti Elio , Pasqualini Damiano 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntroductionComputer simulations are stimulating increased attention in dentistry. Augmented reality superimposes a virtual scenario over an existing reality and allows interaction with it. Virtual reality (VR) simulates a fully immersive situation permitting the user to experience the full environment in real time. Haptic technology provides tactile and realistic force feedback for the user to experience the immersive situation as if they were really there. Preclinical training is important to gain familiarity with difficult surgical techniques and to implement interpersonal skills. Developing a valid assessment of surgical simulation is challenging.This paper wants to present a newly realized VR simulation in endodontic microsurgery through the developmental digital workflow, the demonstration of a haptic VR scenario and student self‐assessment and self‐reflection feedback.MethodsThe volumes were exported in a stereolithography format to prepare and optimize in terms of shape and shade for the VR simulation. The graphics and touchable haptic solid were created using Virteasy Editor, which allows the transformation of 3D surfaces into graphical and volumetric haptic solids depending on their material (enamel, dentine, pulp and bone).Users were asked to execute the osteotomy and root‐resection preparation. The assessment criteria were determined, and the feedback statements were created by a questionnaire with fixed answers. Objective and qualitative criteria for assessing the preparation were obtained from the literature.ResultsThis study provides proof that it is possible to provide reliable and clinically relevant qualitative feedback with a VR simulator.ConclusionVR simulation offers an innovative approach with all the benefits of clinical experience. It permits you to save your own progress and review the assessment at any time.
Dopamine dysregulation in Parkinson's disease flattens the pleasurable urge to move to musical rhythms
Authors: Pando‐Naude Victor , Matthews Tomas Edward , Højlund Andreas , Jakobsen Sebastian , Østergaard Karen , Johnsen Erik , Garza‐Villarreal Eduardo A. , Witek Maria A. G. , Penhune Virginia , Vuust Peter 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe pleasurable urge to move to music (PLUMM) activates motor and reward areas of the brain and is thought to be driven by predictive processes. Dopamine in motor and limbic networks is implicated in beat‐based timing and music‐induced pleasure, suggesting a central role of basal ganglia (BG) dopaminergic systems in PLUMM. This study tested this hypothesis by comparing PLUMM in participants with Parkinson's disease (PD), age‐matched controls, and young controls. Participants listened to musical sequences with varying rhythmic and harmonic complexity (low, medium and high), and rated their experienced pleasure and urge to move to the rhythm. In line with previous results, healthy younger participants showed an inverted U‐shaped relationship between rhythmic complexity and ratings, with preference for medium complexity rhythms, while age‐matched controls showed a similar, but weaker, inverted U‐shaped response. Conversely, PD showed a significantly flattened response for both the urge to move and pleasure. Crucially, this flattened response could not be attributed to differences in rhythm discrimination and did not reflect an overall decrease in ratings. For harmonic complexity, PD showed a negative linear pattern for both the urge to move and pleasure while healthy age‐matched controls showed the same pattern for pleasure and an inverted U for the urge to move. This contrasts with the pattern observed in young healthy controls in previous studies, suggesting that both healthy aging and PD also influence affective responses to harmonic complexity. Together, these results support the role of dopamine within cortico‐striatal circuits in the predictive processes that form the link between the perceptual processing of rhythmic patterns and the affective and motor responses to rhythmic music.
Bed nucleus of the stria terminalis GABA neurons are necessary for changes in foraging behaviour following an innate threat
Authors: Ly Annie , Barker Alexandra , Hotchkiss Hayden , Prévost Emily D. , McGovern Dillon J. , Kilpatrick Zachary , Root David H. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractForaging is a universal behaviour that has co‐evolved with predation pressure. We investigated the role of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) GABA neurons in robotic and live predator threat processing and their consequences in post‐threat encounter foraging. Both robotic and live predator interactions increased BNST GABA neuron activity. Mice were trained to procure food in a laboratory‐based foraging apparatus in which food pellets were placed at incrementally greater distances from a nest zone. After mice learned to forage, they were exposed to a robotic or live predator threat, while BNST GABA neurons were chemogenetically inhibited. Post‐robotic threat encounter, mice spent more time in the nest zone, but other foraging parameters were unchanged compared with pre‐encounter behaviour. Inhibition of BNST GABA neurons had no effect on foraging behaviour post‐robotic threat encounter. Following live predator exposure, control mice spent significantly more time in the nest zone, increased their latency to successfully forage, and significantly altered their overall foraging performance. Inhibition of BNST GABA neurons during live predator exposure prevented changes in foraging behaviour from developing after a live predator threat. BNST GABA neuron inhibition did not alter foraging behaviour during robotic or live predator threats. We conclude that these results demonstrate that while both robotic and live predator encounters effectively intrude on foraging behaviour, the perceived risk and behavioural consequences of the threat are distinguishable. Additionally, BNST GABA neurons may play a role in the integration of prior innate predator threat experience that results in hypervigilance during post‐encounter foraging behaviour.
Taming the nafs: Unbounded spirits and mental illness in militarized Pakistan
Authors: Khan Sanaullah 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn Pakistan, jinn afflictions reveal the maddening effects of displacement, economic inequality, and household conflicts. In this article, I consider how healers treat conditions of the nafs (soul), specifically its impurity and corruption through material desires, as enhancing the susceptibility of clients to jinn affliction where healers prescribe engagement in pietistic activities and active remembrance of God (ẕikr) as a means of keeping the effects of spirits and the symptoms caused by them at bay. Healing also involves domesticating spirits and making them habitable with their human counterparts, as antagonistic relations between the two are seen as causes of acute symptoms (dauray). This process requires a range of negotiations with jinns, including efforts to convert them to Islam. The condition of the nafs and its continual purification are seen as necessary to ensure a peaceful relation between the jinn and the client, which is possible mainly by drawing upon the authority of Sufi lineages. Nafs and its relationship with spirits provide an opportunity to think about illness through relations between mind and the heart as well as the self and the other.
Changes in cognitive appraisal in a randomized controlled trial of mindfulness‐based cognitive therapy for patients with migraine
Authors: Kruse Jessica A. , Seng Elizabeth K. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study is a secondary analysis evaluating changes in cognitive fusion and pain catastrophizing over 8 weeks of mindfulness‐based cognitive therapy for migraine (MBCT‐M) intervention versus waitlist/treatment as usual.BackgroundMigraine is a common disabling neurological condition. MBCT‐M combines elements of cognitive behavioral therapy with mindfulness‐based approaches and has demonstrated efficacy in reducing migraine‐related disability.MethodsA total of 60 adults with migraine completed a 30‐day run‐in before randomization into a parallel design of either eight weekly individual MBCT‐M sessions (n = 31) or waitlist/treatment as usual (n = 29): participants were followed for 1 month after. Participants completed the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) and the Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire (CFQ) at Months 0, 1, 2, and 4.ResultsThe PCS scores decreased more in the MBCT‐M group (mean [SD] at baseline = 22.5 [9.6]; at Month 4 = 15.1 [8.8]) than in the waitlist/treatment as usual group (mean [SD] at baseline = 24.9 [9.0]; at Month 4 = 22.5 [10.4]) from Month 0 to 4 (β = −7.24, p = 0.001, 95% confidence interval [CI] −11.39 to −3.09). The CFQ (mean [SD] baseline = 27.6 [8.0]; at Month 4 = 25.0 [8.0]) did not change significantly from Month 0 to 4 (β = −1.2, p = 0.482, 95% CI −4.5 to 2.1). Parallel mediation analyses indicated that decreases in the PCS and CFQ together (β = −6.1, SE = 2.5, 95% CI −11.6 to −1.8), and the PCS alone (β = −4.8, SE = 2.04, 95% CI −9.1 to −1.1), mediated changes in headache disability in the MBCT‐M treatment completer group (n = 19).ConclusionIn this study, pain catastrophizing showed strong promise as a potential mechanism of MBCT‐M. Future research should continue to explore cognitive appraisal changes in mindfulness‐based interventions.
Autologous cell transplant as a treatment for stable segmental vitiligo: a systematic review
Authors: Souroujon Ariela A. , Guttman Ilana , Levin Nathalie , Capuano Galia , Reyes Salcedo Cesar Alejandro , García Paulina 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis systematic review provides a comprehensive analysis of the efficacy of autologous cell transplant as a therapeutic approach for stable segmental vitiligo. Vitiligo poses significant challenges for healthcare professionals in terms of treatment selection. Autologous cell transplant has emerged as a promising modality for managing vitiligo, with cultured and noncultured transplants being considered when determining the patient's treatment approach. There is little knowledge and literature on the subject, so we analyze the different studies.MethodUsing online medical literature databases and the PRISMA guidelines, six out of 60 articles met the acceptance criteria to be analyzed, emphasizing the lack of current literature on this subject.ResultsAutologous cell transplant achieves excellent pigmentation rates for many body parts. We found that cultivated cells had better results than noncultivated ones. Both types of treatments could pigment 80% or more where needed.ConclusionThis review highlights the importance of autologous cell transplant as a new and reliable tool for the treatment of stable segmental vitiligo, cultured transplants being the most effective. By employing autologous cell transplant, the repigmentation rate is notably high and consistently achievable. Although its cost and logistical complexities hinder the current accessibility to this therapy, efforts are being made to enhance its availability, and its scope is expected to expand further. More studies are needed to understand this therapy method in other kinds of vitiligo.
Transforming growth factor‐β, Interleukin‐23 and interleukin‐1β modulate TH22 response during active multidrug‐resistant tuberculosis
Authors: Imperiale Belén R. , Gamberale Ana , Yokobori Noemí , García Ana , Bartoletti Bruno , Aidar Omar , López Beatriz , Cruz Victor , González Montaner Pablo , Palmero Domingo J. , de la Barrera Silvia 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe previously reported that patients with multidrug‐resistant tuberculosis (MDR‐TB) showed low systemic and Mtb‐induced Th22 responses associated to high sputum bacillary load and severe lung lesions suggesting that Th22 response could influence the ability of these patients to control bacillary growth and tissue damage. In MDR‐TB patients, the percentage of IL‐22+ cells inversely correlates with the proportion of senescent PD‐1+ T cells. Herein, we aimed to evaluate the pathways involved on the regulation of systemic and Mtb‐induced Th22 response in MDR‐TB and fully drug‐susceptible TB patients (S‐TB) and healthy donors. Our results show that while IL‐1β and IL‐23 promote Mtb‐induced IL‐22 secretion and expansion of IL‐22+ cells, TGF‐β inhibits this response. Systemic and in vitro Mtb‐induced Th22 response inversely correlates with TGF‐β amounts in plasma and in PBMC cultures respectively. The number of circulating PD‐1+ T cells directly correlates with plasmatic TGF‐β levels and blockade of PD‐1/PD‐L1 signalling enhances in vitro Mtb‐induced expansion of IL‐22+ cells. Thus, TGF‐β could also inhibit Th22 response through upregulation of PD‐1 expression in T cells. Higher percentage of IL‐23+ monocytes was observed in TB patients. In contrast, the proportion of IL‐1β+ monocytes was lower in TB patients with bilateral lung cavities (BCC) compared to those patients with unilateral cavities (UCC). Interestingly, TB patients with BCC showed higher plasmatic and Mtb‐induced TGF‐β secretion than patients with UCC. Thus, high TGF‐β secretion and subtle differences in IL‐23 and IL‐1β expression could diminish systemic and in vitro Mtb‐induced Th22 response along disease progression in TB patients.
RETRACTED: Effect of closed incision negative pressure wound treatment in vascular surgery: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Meng Xiaohu , Xie Xupin , Liu Yongchang , Huang Changpin , Wang Linjun , Fang Xin , Chen Xumei 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe meta‐analysis aimed to assess and compare the effect of closed‐incision negative pressure wound (NPW) treatment in vascular surgery. Using dichotomous or contentious random or fixed effect models, the outcomes of this meta‐analysis were examined, and the odds Ratio (OR) and the mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed. Ten examinations from 2017 to 2022 were enrolled for the present meta‐analysis, including 2082 personals with vascular surgery. Closed‐incision NPW treatment had significantly lower infection rates (OR, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.30–0.51, p < 0.001), grade I infection rates (OR, 0.33; 95% CI, 0.20–0.52, p < 0.001), grade II infection rates (OR, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.21–0.71, p = 0.002), and grade III infection rates (OR, 0.31; 95% CI, 0.13–0.73, p = 0.007), and surgical re‐intervention (OR, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.25–0.97, p = 0.04) compared to control in personal with vascular surgery. However, no significant differences were found between closed‐incision NPW treatment and control in the 30‐day mortality (OR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.29–1.00, p = 0.05), antibiotic treatment (OR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.24–1.19, p = 0.12), and length of hospital stay (MD, −0.02; 95% CI, −0.24‐0.19, p = 0.83) in personnel with vascular surgery. The examined data revealed that closed‐incision NPW treatment had significantly lower infection rates, grade I infection rates, grade II infection rates, and grade III infection rates, surgical re‐intervention, however, there were no significant differences in 30‐day mortality, antibiotic treatment, or length of hospital stay compared to control group with vascular surgery. Yet, attention should be paid to its values since some comparisons had a low number of selected studies.
New factors affecting wound healing and recurrence after pilonidal sinus surgery in adolescents; seborrheic dermatitis and psychiatric co‐occurring conditions
Authors: Kaba Meltem 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPostoperative wound healing problems and recurrence remain common for pilonidal sinus disease (PSD). Our study aimed to examine the effect of comorbidities in addition to the classic known factors that may affect wound complications and recurrence after PSD surgery. We retrospectively analysed 282 adolescent patients operated on in our clinic between 2014 and 2021. We gathered the postoperative wound healing patterns of the patients under four groups. With a mean age of 15.49 ± 1.45, 59.9% (n = 169) were male, 40.1% (n = 113) were female and 23.8% (n = 67) had recurrence. When examined according to the wound healing groups, 53.5% (n = 151) had an uneventful wound, 22.6% (n = 64) had prolonged wound care, 17.7% (n = 50) of the postoperative wounds did not close and had a recurrence and 6% (n = 17) had recurrence after the wound was healed. The number of sinuses, abscess presentation and the incidence of comorbid disease in group 1 were found to be statistically significantly lower than all other groups. Seborrheic dermatitis, obesity and psychiatric diagnoses showed high statistical association with group 3 and acne with group 4. In patients with seborrheic dermatitis or psychiatric diagnosis, a significant correlation was found between wound healing according to the type of surgery (p < 0.05). The wound healing patterns of these patients after total excision and primary closure surgeries were included in Group 3 with a statistically significant high rate. As two new factors, the significance of the presence of seborrheic dermatitis and psychiatric comorbidities should be evaluated in these patients whose wounds remain open postoperatively and do not respond to primary wound care and eventually relapse. Further histologic and pathologic investigations are needed for seborrheic dermatitis and PSD relation. Awareness of these diseases may change the decision of the type of surgery, and their treatment within the same time may support wound healing and ultimately reduce recurrence.
Co‐optimizing compressive and heat‐insulation properties of rigid fibrous ceramics by compositing with phenolic aerogel
Authors: Niu Bo , Cai Hongxiang , Liu Jie , Jiang Zhen , Zhang Xuanfeng , Zhu Xiaofei , Cao Yu , Zhang Yayun , Long Donghui 
Published: September 2023

AbstractLow compressive strength of rigid fibrous ceramics (RFC) greatly restricts their application as thermal protection materials. Traditional reinforcing method using ceramic aerogels shows low efficiency and impairs high‐temperature thermal‐insulation properties. Herein, a novel strategy is proposed to optimize compressive and high‐temperature thermal‐insulation performances of RFC enormously and synergistically using nanoporous phenolic aerogel as reinforcement and high‐temperature evaporative refrigerant. In‐situ X‐ray micro‐CT results reveal that phenolic aerogel can protect bonding areas and handle compressive deformation, thereby increasing compressive strength of RFC. What's more, the strengthening effect along practical application (through‐thickness) direction is more obvious than that along in‐plane direction. Ablation test results indicate that pyrolysis gas of phenolic will carry away surface heat, thus improving high‐temperature thermal‐insulation and antiablation performances. The resulting mullite RFC with 45 wt.% of phenolic aerogel exhibits a high compressive strength of 44.8 ± 1.1 MPa along through‐thickness direction, low backside temperature of 38.4°C under ablation temperature of 1500°C for 30 s. The idea and results will further advance the application of RFC in more extreme environments.
The Influence of Humanities on Art and Design Learning Performance: An Empirical Study
Authors: Sun Qizhang , Lu Zhaolin , Ren Xipei 
Published: September 2023

AbstractTheoretical studies and perspectives have argued that humanities positively influence art and design learning performance, yet little study has tested this argument empirically. Further than testing the impact of humanities on art and design learning performance, the present study explores how humanities influence art and design learning performance. The present study investigates the influence of humanistic knowledge (e.g., history and literature) and skills, capabilities (e.g., innovation and narrative) and spirits on art and design learning performance (e.g., professional course marks) empirically via a survey. The moderations of age and gender are also tested. The results showed that humanistic knowledge and skills and humanistic spirits increase the art and design learning performance of visual communication and industrial design students, respectively. Humanistic capabilities increase art and design learning performance for all subjects. Besides, we found the individual difference that the effects of humanistic capabilities and humanistic spirits are stronger in male visual communication students than in female visual communication students. The pedagogical strategy of humanistic education for improving art and design learning is discussed based on the results.