bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transcriptional analysis links B cells and TERT expression to favorable prognosis in head and neck cancer
Authors: Xian Su , Dosset Magalie , Castro Andrea , Carter Hannah , Zanetti Maurizio 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) is a conserved self-tumor antigen overexpressed in ∼85% of tumor cells and is immunogenic in cancer patients. The effect of TERT expression on the regulation of intratumor adaptive immunity has not yet been investigated. We used RNA sequencing data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) in 11 solid tumor types to investigate potential interactions between TERT expression, and B and T cell infiltrate in the tumor microenvironment. We found a positive correlation between TERT expression, B and T cells in four cancer types with the strongest association in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HSNCC). In HNSCC a Bhigh/TERThigh signature was associated with improved progression-free survival (PFS) (P = 0.0048). This effect was independent of HPV status and not shared in comparable analysis by other conserved tumor antigens (NYESO1, MUC1, MAGE, and CEA). Bhigh/TERThigh HNSCC tumors also harbored evidence of tertiary lymphoid structure (TLS) such as signatures for germinal center (GC) and switched memory B cells, central memory CD4 and effector memory CD8 T cells. Bhigh/TERThigh HNSCC tumors also showed an up-regulation of genes and pathways related to B and T cell activation, proliferation, migration, and cytotoxicity, while factors associated with immunosuppression and cancer cell invasiveness were down-regulated. In summary, our study uncovers a new association between high TERT expression and high B cell infiltrate in HNSCC, suggesting a potential benefit from therapeutic strategies that invigorate intratumor TERT-mediated T-B cooperation.
FDG-PET/CT discriminates between patients with and without lymphomas in primary Sjögren’s syndrome
Authors: van Ginkel Martha S , Arends Suzanne , van der Vegt Bert , Nijland Marcel , Spijkervet Fred K L , Vissink Arjan , Kroese Frans G M , Glaudemans Andor W J M , Bootsma Hendrika 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Objectives
To assess the usefulness of [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-PET/CT (i) to discriminate between primary SS (pSS) patients with and without lymphomas and (ii) to evaluate systemic disease activity in pSS.

Methods
ACR-EULAR-positive pSS patients who underwent FDG-PET/CT were included. Scans were visually evaluated and quantitative analysis was performed by measuring standardized uptake values (SUV) of salivary and lacrimal glands and systemic regions. Receiver operating characteristic curve analyses were performed to find SUV cut-off values to discriminate between lymphoma and non-lymphoma.

Results
Of the 70 included patients, 26 were diagnosed with a pSS-associated lymphoma, mostly of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue type (23/26). Lymphoma patients showed higher FDG uptake in the parotid and submandibular glands, and more frequently showed presence of nodular lung lesions, compared with non-lymphoma patients. The accuracy of the maximum SUV (SUVmax) in the parotid and submandibular gland to predict lymphoma diagnosis was good, with optimal cut-off points of 3.1 and 2.9. After combining these three visual and quantitative findings (nodular lung lesions, parotid SUVmax &gt; 3.1 and submandibular SUVmax &gt; 2.9), sensitivity was 92% when at least one of the three features were present, and specificity was 91% in case at least two features were present. Furthermore, FDG-PET/CT was able to detect systemic manifestations in pSS patients, mostly involving lymph nodes, entheses and lungs.

Conclusions
FDG-PET/CT can assist in excluding pSS-associated lymphomas in patients without PET abnormalities, possibly leading to a decrease of invasive biopsies in suspected lymphoma patients. Furthermore, FDG-PET/CT is able to detect systemic manifestations in pSS and can guide to the best biopsy location.
Expertise and the Public History of Sexuality ‘Second Opinion’ Submission for the Proposed Special Issue, ‘Sexpertise: Sexual Knowledge and the Public in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries’, Edited by Hannah Charnock, Sarah L. Jones, Ben Mechen.
Authors: Grove Jen 
Published: February 2023

Summary
How does the history of sexuality function as a form of ‘expertise’ when engaging with those outside of academia? What other types of expertise are at play in doing the public history of sexuality? This essay focuses on engagement with young people via museums and historical artefact collections within a UK context to explore the value of expertise from a range of sectors and from non-professional ‘publics’ and communities. It suggests that the context of UK Higher Education presents particular challenges and opportunities for professional historians doing the public history of sexuality and the way in which they can productively negotiate diverse forms of expertise.
Percutaneous Curved Vertebroplasty Versus Unipedicular Approach Vertebroplasty for Acute Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fractures
Authors: Lv Zhendong , Chen Zehao , Chen Hao , Wang Jieying , Han Yingchao , Li Xinfeng , Shen Hongxing , Zhang Yuhui 
Published: February 2023

Study Design.
Prospective randomized controlled trial.

Objective.
To clarify whether percutaneous curved vertebroplasty (PCVP) is superior to conventional unipedicular approach vertebroplasty (UVP) in patients with acute osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs).

Summary of Background Data.
Unilateral curved vertebroplasty devices were designed and applied to provide better control of cement placement, which may be superior to traditional UVP for the treatment of acute OVCFs.

Materials and Methods.
Patients with single-level OVCFs of <6 weeks duration and visual analog scale (VAS) of back pain 5 or more were randomly allocated to undergo PCVP or UVP and were followed up for 1 year. The primary outcome was overall VAS scores for back pain during 12 months of follow-up. The secondary outcomes were scores on the Oswestry disability index at each postprocedure clinic visit. Radiographic (cement distribution) and surgical data (operation time, fluoroscopy frequency, and cement volume) were assessed. Complications and adverse events were recorded.

Results.
No statistical difference was found between the PCVP and UVP groups with respect to VAS and Oswestry disability index scores at any follow-up time point. Operative time, fluoroscopy frequency, and cement leakage were similar in both groups, while the PCVP techniques had a larger injection of polymethylmethacrylate (5.5 ± 1.4 vs. 4.2 ± 1.0 mL) and a greater dispersion pattern of cement (P < 0.001). Post hoc observations found that the analgesic effect was positively correlated with the symmetry of bone cement distribution, but not with the surgical method. Two serious adverse events occurred in the vertebroplasty group: one stress ulcer and one allergic reaction.

Conclusions.
Although PCVP achieved more symmetrical cement distribution, which seemed to be associated with a greater analgesic effect, PCVP did not result in significantly greater pain relief than a UVP in the 12 months after treatment.
SUBRETINAL LIPID GLOBULES AN EARLY BIOMARKER OF MACULAR NEOVASCULARIZATION IN EYES WITH INTERMEDIATE AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION
Authors: Fragiotta Serena , Parravano Mariacristina , Costanzo Eliana , De Geronimo Daniele , Varano Monica , Fernández-Avellaneda Pedro , Freund K. Bailey 
Published: February 2023

Purpose:
To explore the association between subretinal lipid globules (SLGs) detected in eyes with intermediate age-related macular degeneration with the presence of nonexudative macular neovascularization.

Methods:
This was a retrospective analysis of 113 consecutive patients with bilateral intermediate age-related macular degeneration (226 eyes) followed for a least 6 months. All eyes underwent multimodal imaging with fundus autofluorescence, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography, and optical coherence tomography angiography. Subretinal lipid globules were identified on spectral-domain optical coherence tomography as round hyporeflective lesions measuring 31 to 157 µm located between the ellipsoid zone and the retinal pigment epithelium/Bruch membrane complex. Nonexudative macular neovascularization was detected with optical coherence tomography angiography. The features of NE-MNV lesions detected in eyes with SLGs were compared with those in eyes without SLGs.

Results:
Subretinal lipid globules were identified in 15 eyes of which 14 eyes (93.3%) demonstrated NE-MNV on optical coherence tomography angiography. In the remaining 98 eyes without SLGs, 18 (18.4%) displayed NE-AMD on optical coherence tomography angiography. The macular neovascularization area was larger in the SLG subgroup (+0.38 vs. +0.21 mm2, P = 0.008) and showed faster horizontal growth (+727 µm, CI 95% 250.4, 1,205.4) than MNV in eyes without SLGs (+64.9 µm, CI 95%, 24.3, 154) on optical coherence tomography B-scans. After a mean of 11.6 months, the conversion rate to exudative MNV was similar between eyes with SLGs and those without SLGs [8/26 (38.5%) versus 3/13 (27.3%), P = 0.56)].

Conclusion:
The detection of SLGs in eyes with intermediate age-related macular degeneration was strongly correlated with the presence of NE-MNV. Although these MNV lesions were larger and grew faster than NE-MNV detected in eyes lacking SLGs, the rates of conversion to exudative MNV appeared similar.
Current insights in ICU nutrition: tailored nutrition
Authors: Hermans Anoek Jacqueline Hubertine , Laarhuis Babette Irene , Kouw Imre Willemijn Kehinde , van Zanten Arthur Raymond Hubert 
Published: February 2023

Purpose of reviewTo summarize recent research on critical care nutrition focusing on the optimal composition, timing, and monitoring of enteral feeding strategies for (post)-ICU patients. We provide new insights on energy and protein recommendations, feeding intolerance, and describe nutritional practices for coronavirus disease 2019 ICU patients.Recent findingsThe use of indirect calorimetry to establish individual energy requirements for ICU patients is considered the gold standard. The limited research on optimal feeding targets in the early phase of critical illness suggests avoiding overfeeding. Protein provision based upon the absolute lean body mass is rational. Therefore, body composition measurements should be considered. Body impedance analysis and muscle ultrasound seem reliable, affordable, and accessible methods to assess body composition at the bedside. There is inadequate evidence to change our practice of continuous enteral feeding into intermittent feeding. Finally, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 patients are prone to underfeeding due to hypermetabolism and should be closely monitored.SummaryNutritional therapy should be adapted to the patient's characteristics, diagnosis, and state of metabolism during ICU stay and convalescence. A personalized nutrition plan may prevent harmful over- or underfeeding and attenuate muscle loss. Despite novel insights, more research is warranted into tailored nutrition strategies during critical illness and convalescence.
The neuroprotective effect of electro-acupuncture on cognitive recovery for patients with mild traumatic brain injury: A randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Jia Haokun , Chen Yonghan , Wang Yi , Jia Linwei , Tian Yaohui , Jiang Hao 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major health and socioeconomic problem that affects all societies. Consciousness disorder is a common complication after TBI while there is still no effective treatment currently. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of electro-acupuncture (EA) on cognitive recovery for patients with mild TBI.

Methods:
A total of 83 patients with initial Glasgow coma scale score higher than 12 points were assigned into this study. Then patients were randomly divided into 2 groups: EA group and control group (group C). Patients in group EA received EA treatment at Neiguan and Shuigou for 2 weeks. At 0 minute before EA treatment (T1), 0 minute after EA treatment (T2), and 8 weeks after EA treatment (T3), level of neuron-specific enolase (NSE), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), and malondialdehyde were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The score of Montreal Cognitive Function Assessment (MoCA) and mini-mental state examination (MMSE) as well as cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO2) were detected at the same time.

Results:
Compared with the baseline at T1, the level of NSE, GFAP, HIF-1α, MDA, and rSO2 decreased, and the score of MoCA and MMSE increased in the 2 groups were significantly increased at T2–3 (P < .05). Compared with group C, the level of NSE, GFAP, HIF-1α, MDA, and rSO2 decreased, and the score of MoCA and MMSE increased were significantly increased at T2–3 in group EA; the difference were statistically significant (P < .05).

Conclusions:
EA treatment could improve the cognitive recovery for patients with mild TBI and the potential mechanism may be related to improving cerebral hypoxia and alleviating brain injury.
Advances in Genetic Editing of the Human Embryo
Authors: Astarăstoae Vasile , Ioan Beatrice Gabriela , Rogozea Liliana M. , Hanganu Bianca 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Genetic engineering has allowed a major development of research in this field, with specialists attempting to edit the human genome, after the successful editing of the genomes of plants and animals. However, human gene editing technologies are at the center of ethical debates around the world.

Areas of Uncertainty:
Ethical concerns about genetic editing of the human embryo raise several issues that can be viewed through the prism of optimism and reluctance leading to a number of recommendations regarding the acceptance of what may soon become a reality.

Data Sources:
A literature search was conducted through PubMed, MEDLINE, Plus, Scopus, and Web of Science (2015–2022) using combinations of keywords, including: human genome or gene editing plus ethics.

Ethics and Therapeutic Advances:
Gene therapy is seen by researchers as a way to solve congenital diseases, multifactorial diseases in general or specific diseases such as cystic fibrosis, muscular dystrophy, or can increase resistance to HIV infection. Genome editing technologies, germline gene editing, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats gene editing technology, technologies such as zinc finger nucleases are not only advanced gene therapies that require solving technical problems, but also techniques that require complex and complete analysis of ethical problems. Genetic engineering raises many ethical concerns such as: safety concerns especially the risk of off-target effects; autonomy of the individual—with the limitation of the future generations to consent for an intervention over their genome; social justice—keeping in mind the costs of the procedures and their availability to the general population. Discussions can go further from questions such as “How can we do this?” to questions such as “Should we do this?” or “Is society ready to accept this technology and is it able to manage it rationally?”

Conclusions:
The ethics of biomedical research should be based on global dialogue, on the involvement of experts and the public, to achieve a broad social consensus. The fundamental review of the ethics of genetics is a desire and an opportunity of the current period.
Epidemiology of neuropathic pain: an analysis of prevalence and associated factors in UK Biobank
Authors: Baskozos Georgios , Hébert Harry L. , Pascal Mathilde M.V. , Themistocleous Andreas C. , Macfarlane Gary J. , Wynick David , Bennett David L.H. , Smith Blair H. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Introduction:
Previous epidemiological studies of neuropathic pain have reported a range of prevalences and factors associated with the disorder.

Objectives:
This study aimed to verify these characteristics in a large UK cohort.

Methods:
A cross-sectional analysis was conducted of 148,828 UK Biobank participants who completed a detailed questionnaire on chronic pain. The Douleur Neuropathique en Quatre Questions (DN4) was used to distinguish between neuropathic pain (NeuP) and non-neuropathic pain (non-NeuP) in participants with pain of at least 3 months' duration. Participants were also identified with less than 3 months' pain or without pain (NoCP). Multivariable regression was used to identify factors associated with NeuP compared with non-NeuP and NoCP, respectively.

Results:
Chronic pain was present in 76,095 participants (51.1%). The overall prevalence of NeuP was 9.2%. Neuropathic pain was significantly associated with worse health-related quality of life, having a manual or personal service type occupation, and younger age compared with NoCP. As expected, NeuP was associated with diabetes and neuropathy, but also other pains (pelvic, postsurgical, and migraine) and musculoskeletal disorders (rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and fibromyalgia). In addition, NeuP was associated with pain in the limbs and greater pain intensity and higher body mass index compared with non-NeuP. Female sex was associated with NeuP when compared with NoCP, whereas male sex was associated with NeuP when compared with non-NeuP.

Conclusion:
This is the largest epidemiological study of neuropathic pain to date. The results confirm that the disorder is common in a population of middle- to older-aged people with mixed aetiologies and is associated with a higher health impact than non-neuropathic pain.
New Horizons in Radioligand Therapy
Authors: Rosar Florian , Maus Stephan , Schaefer-Schuler Andrea , Burgard Caroline , Khreish Fadi , Ezziddin Samer 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
An 85-year-old man with advanced metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer and progression after 8 cycles of 177Lu–prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)–617 radioligand therapy (RLT) received 1 cycle of 161Tb-PSMA RLT. This one administration of 6.5 GBq 161Tb-PSMA-617 resulted in impressive partial remission with a PSA decline by 53.4% (from 474 to 221 ng/mL) and a concomitant decrease in tumor burden on PSMA PET/CT imaging. The presented case provides stunning initial evidence of the therapeutic potential of 161Tb-PSMA RLT in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer, even in patients progressing after extensive 177Lu-based RLT. 161Tb-labeled PSMA ligands may thus offer a promising alternative to standard PSMA RLT.
Differentiation of a Falcine Meningioma From Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis Using DOTATATE PET
Authors: Stetter Isabelle , Werner Jan-Michael , Schroeter Michael , Baumann Claudia , Neuneier Janina , Schlamann Marc , Schmidt Matthias , Drzezga Alexander , Fink Gereon R. , Galldiks Norbert 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Differentiating brain tumors from nonneoplastic lesions using conventional MRI may be challenging. Clinical symptoms often remain unspecific, and imaging findings from MRI may be inconclusive. We present the case of a 23-year-old woman in whom an MRI suggested a cerebral venous sinus thrombosis. On the other hand, additional atypical MRI findings raised doubts regarding the initial diagnosis. Given the need for a diagnostic procedure with higher sensitivity and specificity for neoplastic tissue, PET with the radiolabeled somatostatin receptor ligand DOTATATE (68Ga-DOTA-d-Phe1-Tyr3-octreotate) was performed. DOTATATE PET facilitated the diagnosis of a falcine meningioma consistent with its value for the differential diagnosis of meningioma.
Graduate Student Clinicians in Health Care Professions as Stakeholders in Intensive Comprehensive Aphasia Program (ICAP) Implementation and Research
Authors: Off Catherine A. , Scharp Victoria L. , Griffin-Musick Jenna R. 
Published: February 2023

Purpose:
This article characterizes graduate student clinicians' (GSCs') understanding of their roles as stakeholders in clinical implementation and research before participating in an intensive comprehensive aphasia program (ICAP).

Method:
Seven GSCs participated in a pre-ICAP intervention focus group to characterize their perceived roles in stakeholder-engaged research. Following an extensive ICAP training orientation and clarification of key definitions, the focus group prompt asked GSCs to describe what they view as important issues for developing future research protocols that investigate student clinician outcomes in the context of an ICAP. Qualitative content analysis using an inductive coding approach was applied to the focus group transcript.

Results:
The GSCs preparing to participate in ICAPs report that they are highly invested in the clinical implementation and research of the ICAP service delivery model.

Discussion/Conclusions:
The GSCs are crucial stakeholders in the development of GSC-run ICAPs across clinical implementation and all phases of research.
Advances in the management of acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Nair Radhika , Wagner Amanda N. , Buck Brian H. 
Published: February 2023

Purpose of review
This review aims to summarize the therapeutic advances and evidence in the medical management of acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Recent evidence comparing the efficacy and safety of tenecteplase (TNK) with alteplase for intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) in AIS will be highlighted. Recent advances and evidence on improving micro-circulation following endovascular procedures and neuroprotection will be reviewed.

Recent findings
A significant number of randomized control studies now support the use of tenecteplase for IVT in AIS. TNK 0.25 mg/kg single bolus is as effective and well tolerated as alteplase 0.9 mg/kg infusion for IVT in AIS. Evidence from randomized control trials (RCTs) has shown effective and well tolerated expansion of the therapeutic window of IVT in the wake-up stroke and up to 9 h after last seen well, using advanced neuroimaging with computed tomography perfusion/MRI. Early evidence suggests that intra-arterial alteplase may help improve microcirculation in patients with large vessel occlusion following successful thrombectomy. However, more trials are required to confirm the results. Similarly, early evidence from a recent RCT showed that remote ischemic conditioning confers potential neuroprotection and improves outcomes in AIS.

Summary
Converging evidence has demonstrated that for patients with ischemic stroke presenting at under 4.5 h from the onset, TNK is comparable to alteplase. These data along with the practical advantages of TNK have resulted in a shift to replace intravenous TNK as the standard for thrombolysis. Ongoing studies of IVT with TNK are focussed on defining the optimal dose, expanding the time window with multimodal imaging and defining the role of thrombolysis for bridging patients with stroke due to large vessel occlusion.