bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An App-Based Ecological Momentary Assessment of Undergraduate Mental Health During the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada (Smart Healthy Campus Version 2.0): Longitudinal Study
Authors: Brogly Chris , Lizotte Daniel J , Mitchell Marc , Speechley Mark , MacDougall Arlene , Huner Erin , Anderson Kelly K , Bauer Michael A 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis paper presents results from the Smart Healthy Campus 2.0 study/smartphone app, developed and used to collect mental health-related lifestyle data from 86 Canadian undergraduates January – August 2021. This was a longitudinal repeat measures study conducted over 40 weeks. A 9-item mental health questionnaire was accessible once daily in the app. Two variants of this mental health questionnaire existed; the first was a weekly variant, available each Monday or until a participant responded during the week. The second was a daily variant available after the weekly variant. Mixed models were fit for responses to the two variants and 12 phone digital measures (e.g. GPS, step counts). A second round of models was fit based on backward elimination to determine associations between the 12 digital measures and the variants. 6518 digital measure samples and 1722 questionnaire responses were collected. The daily questionnaire had positive associations with floors walked, installed apps, and campus proximity, while having negative associations with uptime, and daily calendar events. Daily depression had a positive association with uptime. Daily resilience appeared to have a slight positive association with campus proximity. The weekly questionnaire variant had positive associations with device idling and installed apps, and negative associations with floors walked, calendar events, and campus proximity. Physical activity, weekly, had a negative association with uptime, and a positive association with calendar events and device idling. SHC 2.0, via phone digital measures, identified indicators of lifestyle that appeared to be associated with measures of mental health in undergraduates during COVID-19.Author SummaryThis paper analyzes the associations between digital measures from smartphones (such as GPS and step counts) and a broad mental health questionnaire (covering items like depression and anxiety). This data was collected from students at a relatively large, urban university in Canada during the COVID-19 pandemic. We conducted this study because smartphone-based studies observing aspects of mental health in students as they go about their daily lives are uncommon in Canada. Additionally, mental health concerns, such as depression and anxiety, can be common on university campuses, although it isn’t always clear what is associated with those concerns, especially when only looking at them with smartphone data. We were also interested in how an overview of student mental health would relate to digital measures coming from smartphones during the pandemic, as this information would be relevant to inform future pandemics. In general, these relationships might potentially inform ways to improve student mental health, or potentially predict aspects of it, based on data coming in from smartphones.
Keeping the ‘C’ in CBPR: Exploring Community Researchers’ Experiences with Human Subjects Protection Training Requirements
Authors: Cruz Naomi , Adams Christiana , Akhimien Constance , Abdulkadir Fauziyya Allibay , Battle Cherriece , Oluwayemi Maria , Salimon Olanike , Lassiter Teri , Kantor Leslie 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCommunity-engaged research is increasingly recognized for its potential to advance health equity. The ability to conduct such research in the United States is predicated on the completion of human subjects protection courses; however, prior studies suggest that many of these required courses may not adequately accommodate the varied skillsets and backgrounds of community members involved with carrying out research. The present study explores community researchers’ (CRs’) experiences with a widely used human subjects protection course frequently mandated by universities. Six CRs involved in conducting a community-based participatory research (CBPR) project on Black women’s pregnancy-related experiences were interviewed about their completion of a required human subjects protection course. Across multiple interviews, CRs noted challenges with the training length, competing external demands, module readability, content relevancy, end-of-module quizzes, and technology requirements. Despite such obstacles, CRs still valued the opportunity to learn and felt more knowledgeable and capable post-course completion. Recommendations for course improvement were explored. University requirements for human subjects protection trainings may place an undue burden on community members preparing to conduct research, impede academic-community partnerships, and discourage the initiation and continuation of community-engaged studies. Course alternatives that are tailored to CRs are needed.
DWI ASPECTS Can Detect Patients Who Require Puncture to Recanalization within 30 minutes for Large Vessel Occlusion
Authors: Yoshie Tomohide , Ueda Toshihiro , Hasegawa Yasuhiro , Takeuchi Masataka , Morimoto Masafumi , Tsuboi Yoshifumi , Yamamoto Ryoo , Kaku Shogo , Ayabe Junichi , Akiyama Takekazu , Yamamoto Daisuke , Mori Kentaro , Kagami Hiroshi , Ito Hidemichi , Onodera Hidetaka , Kaga Yasuyuki , Ohtsubo Haruki , Tatsuno Kentaro , Usuki Noriko , Takaishi Satoshi , Yamano Yoshihisa 
Published: March 2023

AbstractsBACKGROUNDFaster recanalization for acute large vessel occlusion is associated with better clinical outcome. The aim of this study was to identify patient characteristics that require puncture-to-recanalization (P-R) time within 30 min for good clinical outcome.METHODSWe evaluated the patients from K-NET Registry, which is a prospective, multicenter, observational registry of acute ischemic stroke patients. The present analysis included patients who met the following criteria: (1) treated with endovascular therapy for ICA or MCA M1 occlusion; and (2) achieved successful recanalization (mTICI 2b or more). Patients were divided into subgroups according to pre-treatment patients’ characteristics; DWI ASPECTS, age, NIHSS, occlusion site and symptom recognition to puncture time. In each subgroup, the frequency of good clinical outcomes was compared between P-R time <30min and >30min. We entered interaction terms into the models to evaluate the correlation between each patient characteristic and P-R time.RESULTS1053 patients were included in this study. Overall, P-R <30min was significantly associated with good outcome. Univariate analysis in each subgroup revealed a significant association between P-R <30min and good outcomes in the patients with DWI ASPECTS ≤6, age >85 and NIHSS ≥16. In multivariable analysis, NIHSS, age, symptom recognition to puncture time, DWI ASPECTS and P-R <30 minutes were significant independent predictors of good outcomes; however, only DWI ASPECTS had interaction terms with P-R <30 minutes. Multivariable analysis showed P-R <30min was an independent predictor for good outcome in patients with DWI ASPECTS ≤6, whereas P-R<30min was not in patients with DWI ≥7.CONCLUSIONSP-R<30 min is a predictor of good clinical outcome, however, the effect depends on DWI ASPECTS. A target P-R time of less than 30 minutes is appropriate for patients with DWI ASPECTS scores of 0-6, whereas 30 minutes or longer is reasonable for patients with DWI ASPECTS 7 or higher.
Genetic study of psoriasis highlights its close link with socio-economic status and affective symptoms
Authors: Heikkilä Anni , Sliz Eeva , Huilaja Laura , FinnGen  ,   Estonian Biobank Research Team, Reis Kadri , Palta Priit , Elnahas Abdelrahman G. , Reigo Anu , Esko Tõnu , Laisk Triin , Teder-Laving Maris , Tasanen Kaisa , Kettunen Johannes 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPsoriasis is an inflammatory skin disease with an estimated heritability of around 70 %. Previous genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have detected several risk loci for psoriasis. To further improve the understanding of the genetic risk factors impacting the disease, we conducted a discovery GWAS in FinnGen and a subsequent replication and meta-analysis with data from the Estonian Biobank and the UK biobank; the study sample included 925 649 individuals (22 659 cases and 902 990 controls), the largest sample for psoriasis yet. In addition, we conducted downstream analyses to find out more about psoriasis’ cross-trait genetic correlations and causal relationships. We report 8 novel risk loci, most of which harbor genes related to nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B-cells-signaling pathway and overall immunity. Genetic correlations highlight the relationship between psoriasis and smoking, higher body weight, and lower education level. Additionally, we report novel causal relationships between psoriasis and mood symptoms, as well as two-directioned causal relationship between psoriasis and lower education level. Our results provide new knowledge on psoriasis risk factors, which may be useful in the development of future treatment strategies.
A small-scale Development Impact Bond for hepatitis C diagnosis and treatment in Cameroon: the way to elimination?
Authors: Dieteren C.M. , Boers A.C. , Thomas W. , Njoya O. , Coutinho R.A. , Mossus T , Essomb F , Wafeu G , Agnouanang B 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn the absence of sufficient (tax-based) healthcare financing in low-and middle-income countries, innovative financing models are needed. This study assessed quantitatively and qualitative the feasibility of a Development Impact Bond (DIB) for hepatitis C Virus (HCV) diagnosis and treatment in Cameroon. A revolving fund of up to €230,000 was made available by the investor. The outcome payor repaid the investor only in case of good performance, defined as cured patients (HCV-RNA negative). Identified HCV carriers were referred for treatment and tested for cure 12 weeks after completion of treatment, the outcome being validated by an independent party. The evaluation was guided by a recognized framework, involving interviews with relevant stakeholders (N= 22). In total, 253 (98%) patients completed treatment of which 244 (96%) are cured at week 24. We estimated that the average per patientoutcome paymentfor HCV diagnosis and treatment is €1,542 and theaverage costs per treated patientis €1,858. The investor was fully repaid including the agreed interest and bonus rate. The interviews confirmed the feasibility of the DIB in a low-resource setting. This study demonstrates that a DIB can be a suitable financing mechanism for HCV services, supporting the path towards elimination. When governments do not have sufficient resources to fund such elimination programs upfront, such public-private partnerships can offer a solution.HighlightsThe availability of a short-course highly effective hepatitis C treatment paves the way towards its elimination.We demonstrate feasibility of the first Development Impact Bond (DIB) as a financing mechanism for hepatitis C diagnosis and treatment.This study shows that with an average per patient outcome payment of €1,542, one HCV patient can be diagnosed and treated in a lower-middle income country.
Malaria temporal dynamic clustering for surveillance and intervention planning
Authors: Legendre Eva , Lehot Laurent , Dieng Sokhna , Rebaudet Stanislas , Thu Aung Myint , Rae Jade D , Delmas Gilles , Girond Florian , Herbreteau Vincent , Nosten François , Landier Jordi , Gaudart Jean 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundTargeting interventions where most needed and effective is crucial for public health. Malaria control and elimination strategies increasingly rely on stratification to guide surveillance, to allocate vector control campaigns, and to prioritize access to community-based early diagnosis and treatment (EDT). We developed an original approach of dynamic clustering to improve local discrimination between heterogeneous malaria transmission settings.MethodsWe analysed weekly malaria incidence records obtained from community-based EDT (malaria posts) in Karen/Kayin state, Myanmar. We smoothed longitudinal incidence series over multiple seasons using functional transformation. We regrouped village incidence series into clusters using a dynamic time warping clustering and compared them to the standard, 5-category annual incidence standard stratification.ResultsWe included 1,115 villages from 2016 to 2020. We identified elevenP. falciparumandP. vivaxincidence clusters which differed by amplitude, trends and seasonality. Specifically the 124 villages classified as “high transmission area” in the standardP. falciparumstratification belonged to the 11 distinct groups when accounting to inter-annual trends and intra-annual variations. Likewise forP. vivax, 399 “high transmission” villages actually corresponded to the 11 distinct dynamics.ConclusionOur temporal dynamic clustering methodology is easy to implement and extracts more information than standard malaria stratification. Our method exploits longitudinal surveillance data to distinguish local dynamics, such as increasing inter-annual trends or seasonal differences, providing key information for decision-making. It is relevant to malaria strategies in other settings and to other diseases, especially when many countries deploy health information systems and collect increasing amounts of health outcome data.FundingThe Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, The Global Fund against AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria (the Regional Artemisinin Initiative) and the Wellcome Trust funded the METF program.
Where, who, and what counts under area-based conservation targets: A framework for identifying opportunities that benefit biodiversity, climate mitigation, and human communities
Authors: Bateman Brooke L , Feng Emily , Grand Joanna , Taylor Lotem , Wu Joanna X , Saunders Sarah P , Wilsey Chad 
Published: March 2023

AbstractArea-based conservation targets, such as ‘30−30’, if strategically applied, can increase resiliency to climate change and provide co-benefits to people and biodiversity. However, protected areas historically were not designated within the context of global change, and human communities at highest risk are often overlooked in conservation planning.To inform 30−30 conservation planning in the United States (i.e., America the Beautiful; ATB), we evaluatedwhereUS conservation opportunities exist by identifying habitats that can simultaneously benefit climate change mitigation and bird populations, as well aswholives in these areas and how conservation actions could both improve human well-being or potentially be at odds with local communities. To inform the equitable implementation of area-based conservation targets, we integrated maps of critical habitat for birds now and under a changing climate with carbon stocks and sinks and developed a prioritization framework to investigate the spatial alignment of these locations with areas identified as important for both human well-being and land-dependent human communities.Although nearly 30% of US lands have some level of protection, only 6% of US lands (143 million acres) are managed for biodiversity and align with Bird and Carbon (BC) priorities, and <3% of protected US lands (59 million acres) align with priorities for Birds, Carbon, and Human well-being (BCH).Of the 312 million acres of BCH priorities identified, 71% lack known protection or formal conservation plans (14% of US lands) and should be considered conservation opportunities that could simultaneously address the biodiversity and climate crises, and social inequities. Targeting these BCH areas for conservation action would contribute to more equitable benefits to marginalized communities, and could fulfill the ‘Justice 40’ commitment, which aims to allocate 40% of federal investments in climate benefits to marginalized communities (which, for the 30% goal under ATB equates to 12% of US lands).At least 80% of all BCH priorities co-occur with Indigenous peoples and local communities (IPLCs) who have strong cultural and socioeconomic ties to the land, making it imperative to work with local communities to definewhat countsas conservation actions towards the 30% goal and what successful conservation outcomes that benefit biodiversity, climate change mitigation, and human communities look like.
Diagnostic Performance of MRI Radiomics for Classification of Alzheimer’s disease, Mild Cognitive Impairment, and Normal Subjects: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Shahidi Ramin , Baradaran Mansoureh , Asgarzadeh Ali , Bagherieh Sara , Tajabadi Zohreh , Farhadi Akram , Korani Setayesh Sotoudehnia , Khalafi Mohammad , Shobeiri Parnian , Sadeghsalehi Hamidreza , Shafieyoun Arezoo , Yazdanifar Mohammad Amin , Singhal Aparna , Sotoudeh Houman 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is a debilitating neurodegenerative disease. Early diagnosis of AD and its precursor, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), is crucial for timely intervention and management. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) radiomics showed a promising result for diagnosing and classifying AD, and MCI from normal subjects. Thus, we aimed to systematically evaluate the diagnostic performance of the MRI radiomics for this task.Methods and materialsA comprehensive search of the current literature was conducted using relevant keywords in PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science databases from inception to October 17, 2022. Original studies discussing the diagnostic performance of MRI Radiomics for the classification of AD, MCI, and normal subjects were included. Method quality was evaluated with the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS-2), and the Radiomic Quality Score tool (RQS).ResultsWe identified 10 studies that met the inclusion criteria, involving a total of 3446 participants. The overall quality of the included studies was moderate to high. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of MRI radiomics for differentiating AD from normal subjects were 0.8822 (95% CI 0.7888-0.9376), and 0.8849 (95% CI 0.7978-0.9374), respectively. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of MRI radiomics for differentiating MCI from normal subjects were 0.7882 (95% CI 0.6272-0.8917) and 0.7736 (95% CI 0.6480-0.8639), respectively. Also, the pooled sensitivity and specificity of MRI radiomics for differentiating AD from MCI were 0.6938 (95% CI 0.6465-0.7374) and 0.8173 (95% CI 0.6117-0.9270), respectively.ConclusionMRI radiomics has promising diagnostic performance in differentiating AD, MCI, and normal subjects. It can potentially serve as a non-invasive and reliable tool for early diagnosis and classification of AD and MCI.
Dark citations to Federal resources and their contribution to the public health literature
Authors: Keralis Jessica M. , Albertorio-Díaz Juan , Hoppe Travis 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe term “dark citations”, which has been previously used to refer to citations of information products outside of traditional peer-reviewed journal articles, is adapted here to refer to those that are not linked to a known indexed identifier and are effectively invisible to traditional bibliometric analysis. We investigate an unexplored source of citations in the biomedical and public health literature by surveying the extent of dark citations across the U.S. government. We systematically focus on public health, quantify their occurrences across the government, and provide a comprehensive dataset for all dark citations within PubMed.
ScRNA-seq of Diverse Pheochromocytoma Patients Reveals Distinct Microenvironment Characteristics and Supports an Informative Molecular Classification System
Authors: Qin Sen , Xu Yawei , Yu Shimiao , Han Wencong , Fan Shiheng , Ai Wenxiang , Zhang Kenan , Wang Yizhou , Zhou Xuehong , Shen Qi , Gong Kan , Sun Luyang , Zhang Zheng 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTPheochromocytomas (PCCs) are rare neuroendocrine tumors that originate from chromaffin cells in the adrenal gland. However, the cellular molecular characteristics and immune microenvironment of PCCs are incompletely understood. Here, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) on 16 tissues from 4 sporadic unclassified PCC patients and 1 hereditary PCC patient with Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) syndrome. We found that intra-tumoral heterogeneity was less extensive than the inter-individual heterogeneity of PCCs. Further, the unclassified PCC patients were divided into two types, metabolism-type (marked by NDUFA4L2 and COX4I2) and kinase-type (marked by RET and PNMT), validated by immunohistochemical staining. Trajectory analysis of tumor evolution revealed that metabolism-type PCC cells display phenotype of consistently active metabolism and increased metastasis potential, while kinase-type PCC cells showed decreased epinephrine synthesis and neuron-like phenotypes. Cell-cell communication analysis showed activation of the annexin pathway and a strong inflammation reaction in metabolism-type PCCs and activation of FGF signaling in the kinase-type PCC. Although multispectral immunofluorescence staining showed a lack of CD8+T cell infiltration in both metabolism-type and kinase-type PCCs, only the kinase-type PCC exhibited downregulation ofHLA-Imolecules that possibly regulated byRET, suggesting the potential of combined therapy with kinase inhibitors and immunotherapy for kinase-type PCCs; in contrast, the application of immunotherapy to metabolism-type PCCs (with antigen presentation ability) is likely unsuitable. Our study presents a single-cell transcriptomics-based molecular classification and microenvironment characterization of PCCs, providing clues for potential therapeutic strategies to treat PCCs.
Structural modification of naturally-occurring phenolics as a strategy for developing cytotoxic molecules towards cancer cells
Authors: Olim Pedro , Pereira Renato B. , Fernandes Maria José G. , Natal Carolina M. , Coelho José R. A. , Fortes A. Gil , Sameiro M. , Gonçalves T. , Pereira David M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNatural products belonging to different chemical classes have been established as a promising source of novel anticancer drugs. Several low molecular weight compounds from the classes of monoterpenes, phenylpropanoids and flavonoids were shown to possess anticancer activities in previous studies. In this work, over 20 semisynthetic derivatives of molecules belonging to these classes, namely thymol, eugenol and 6-hydroxyflavanone were synthesized and tested for their cytotoxicity against two human cancer cell lines, namely gastric adenocarcinoma (AGS cells) and human lung carcinoma (A549 cells). An initial screening based on viability assessment was performed in order to identify the most cytotoxic compounds at 100 μM. The results evidenced that two 6-hydroxyflavanone derivatives were the most cytotoxic among the compounds tested, being selected for further studies. Noteworthy, in a general way some of the derivatives synthesized displayed enhanced toxicity when compared with their natural counterparts. Moreover, LDH assay showed that the loss of cell viability was not accompanied by a loss of membrane integrity, thus ruling out a necrotic process. Morphological studies with AGS cells demonstrated chromatin condensation compatible with apoptosis, confirmed by the activation of caspase 3/7. Furthermore, a viability assay on non-cancer human embryonic lung fibroblast cell line (MRC-5) confirmed these two derivatives possess selective anticancer activity.