bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison between neonatal outcomes of labor and delivery with labor neuraxial analgesia and without analgesia: A propensity score‐matched study
Authors: Watanabe Kaede , Sakamaki Daisuke , Shiko Yuki , Kawasaki Yohei , Noguchi Shohei , Mazda Yusuke 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimThis single‐center observational study aimed to investigate the association between labor neuraxial analgesia (LNA) and neonatal outcomes.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study at a tertiary perinatal center and included all vaginal deliveries performed between November 2015 and December 2021. Obstetric and neonatal outcomes were compared between deliveries with LNA (LNA group) and without analgesia (control group). Propensity score (PS) matching was used for statistical analysis.ResultsWe included 2343 singleton deliveries performed in 1367 nulliparous and 976 multiparous women, in whom LNA was induced in 352 and 178 deliveries, respectively. After PS matching, the nulliparous LNA group had a significantly higher incidence of Apgar scores <7 at 1 (7.1% vs. 3.6%, p = 0.0139) and 5 min (2.3% vs. 0.7%, p = 0.0397) and meconium staining (29.8% vs. 23.2%, p = 0.0272) than the nulliparous control group. Other neonatal outcomes, including umbilical artery pH and neonatal intensive care unit admission rate, were comparable between the nulliparous LNA and control groups. No significant differences in neonatal outcomes were seen in multiparous women. Regarding fetal heart rate abnormalities, severe late deceleration (4.8% vs. 1.7%, p = 0.0036) and severe prolonged deceleration (17.0% vs. 11.9%, p = 0.0224) were more common in the nulliparous LNA group than in the nulliparous control group, and the multiparous LNA group exhibited more severe variable deceleration (21.3% vs. 14.3%, p = 0.0485) than the multiparous control group.ConclusionOur findings suggest that LNA is associated with short‐term adverse neonatal and obstetric outcomes in vaginal deliveries. LNA should be performed with precautionary measures and adequate medical resources.
Should we talk of “extinction society”? A socio‐cultural reading
Authors: Pietropaoli Matteo 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this work, we intend to present a reading of current society as the extinction society. Extinction society here means the characterization, both social and individual, of a highly developed reality, especially in terms of personal freedom, unable to face global collective threats, first of all the climate disaster. This involves the risk, within a few generations, of the extinction of both the type of society that at least in the West we have been accustomed to for a few hundred years, and in the apocalyptic perspective of the species. The attempt to represent this question is addressed here by referring to some recent authors of cultural studies and sociology, to try and understand the principles of this extinction process. Following the analysis of what is in fact a process of individual liberation, that is, of increasingly advanced individualization, we proceed by looking at the macro‐themes of consumption, politics and psyche. This is in order to understand the possible outcomes of this process and the overall sense of an extinction of the current society if not of the species.
Development and validation of the novel nursing activities in the care of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation‐supported patients scale
Authors: Melnikov Semyon , Itzhakov Shiran , Furmanov Alexander 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundNurses are members of multidisciplinary teams providing care to extracorporeal membrane oxygenation‐supported patients (ECMO‐SP). There are no valid and reliable measurements available to assess nursing activities in the care of ECMO‐SP.AimTo develop and evaluate psychometric properties of a new 27‐item nursing activities in the care of ECMO‐SP scale.Study DesignA convenience sample was recruited of 76 registered nurses (mean age 41.3 ± 8.7; 71% female) in Israel. The nurses participated in an online survey with software Qualtrics, between March and June 2022. Content and construct validity, as well as internal consistency of the scale were evaluated. The participants also completed the perceived knowledge and skills in the treatment of ECMO‐SP scale. The correlations between nursing activities in the care of ECMO‐SP and ECMO knowledge were examined using Pearson's correlation.ResultsExploratory factor analysis extracted four factors, and seven items were excluded from the 27‐item scale making it a 20‐item scale in its final form. Internal consistency was acceptable for the total scale (α = 0.84) and the four subscales: Factor 1: Nursing care of ECMO‐SP not related to the ECMO device (α = 0.90), Factor 2: Activities on ECMO device in emergency (α = 0.82), Factor 3: ECMO device calibrating and monitoring (α = 0.72), and Factor 4: Medication and blood administration through ECMO device (α = 0.73). When examined in confirmatory factor analysis, the 20‐item scale yielded acceptable fit indices. A positive correlation was found between perceived ECMO knowledge and all four factors of the nursing activities in the Care of ECMO‐SP scale.ConclusionsThe 20‐item scale examining nursing activities in the care of ECMO‐SP is ready for use for clinical, educational, and research purposes.Relevance to Clinical PracticeBecause there are still no standards for nursing care of ECMO‐SP and no agreed quality indicators, this novel scale may help in building such standards and quality indicators.
Combined genome‐wide association study and epistasis analysis reveal multifaceted genetic architectures of plant height in Asian cultivated rice
Authors: Hong Jun , Su Su , Wang Li , Bai Shaoxing , Xu Jianlong , Li Zhikang , Betts Natalie , Liang Wanqi , Wang Wensheng , Shi Jianxin , Zhang Dabing 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPlant height (PH) in rice (Oryza sativa) is an important trait for its adaptation and agricultural performance. Discovery of thesemi‐dwarf1(SD1) mutation initiated the Green Revolution, boosting rice yield and fitness, but the underlying genetic regulation of PH in rice remains largely unknown. Here, we performed genome‐wide association study (GWAS) and identified 12 non‐repetitive QTL/genes regulating PH variation in 619 Asian cultivated rice accessions. One of these was anSD1structural variant, not normally detected in standard GWAS analyses. Given the strong effect ofSD1on PH, we also divided 619 accessions into subgroups harbouring distinctSD1haplotypes, and found a further 85 QTL/genes for PH, revealing genetic heterogeneity that may be missed by analysing a broad, diverse population. Moreover, we uncovered two epistatic interaction networks of PH‐associated QTL/genes in thejaponica(Geng)‐dominantSD1NIPsubgroup. In one of them, the hub QTL/geneqphSN1.4/GAMYBinteracted withqphSN3.1/OsINO80,qphSN3.4/HD16/EL1,qphSN6.2/LOC_Os06g11130, andqphSN10.2/MADS56. Sequence variations inGAMYBandMADS56were associated with their expression levels and PH variations, and MADS56 was shown to physically interact with MADS57 to coregulate expression of gibberellin (GA) metabolic genesOsGA2ox3andElongated Uppermost Internode1(EUI1). Our study uncovered the multifaceted genetic architectures of rice PH, and provided novel and abundant genetic resources for breeding semi‐dwarf rice and new candidates for further mechanistic studies on regulation of PH in rice.
Kinetostatic Optimization for Kinematic Redundancy Planning of Nimbl’Bot Robot
Authors: Ginnante Angelica , Caro Stéphane , Simetti Enrico , Leborne François 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn manufacturing industry, computer numerical control (CNC) machines are often preferred over industrial serial robots (ISR) for machining tasks. Indeed, CNC machines offer high positioning accuracy, which leads to slight dimensional deviation on the final product. However, these machines have a restricted workspace generating limitations in the machining work. Conversely, ISR are typically characterized by a larger workspace. ISR have already shown satisfactory performance in tasks like polishing, grinding, and deburring. This paper proposes a kinematic redundant robot composed of a novel two degrees-of-freedom mechanism with a closed kinematic chain. After describing a task-priority inverse kinematic control framework used for joint trajectory planning exploiting the robot kinematic redundancy, the paper analyses the kinetostatic performance of this robot depending on the considered control tasks. Moreover, two kinetostatic tasks are introduced and employed to improve the robot performance. Simulation results show how the robot better performs when the optimization tasks are active.
Epidemiological features and management of eye burn patients in Wuxi, China
Authors: Lu Zijing , Chu Ting , Yang Zhi-Hui , Xia Xin , Shen Yi-Hui , Chen Jian-Huan , Wang Ji-Hong 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundThe current study aimed to analyse epidemiological data on eye burns in Wuxi, China, for the years 2015–2021, and to provide insight into the development of appropriate prevention strategies.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted on 151 hospitalised patients with eye burns. Data collected included gender, age, the monthly distribution of incidence, cause of eye burn, the site of eye burn, the type of surgery, visual outcome, the length of hospital stay and the cost of hospital admission. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS V.19.0 and Graph Pad Prism V.9.0.ResultsIn a total of 151 eye burn patients, 130 were males (86.09%) and 21 were females (13.91%). The proportion of patients classified as grade III was the greatest (46.36%). The average age of our hospitalised patients with eye burns was 43.72 years and the average length of hospital stay was 17 days. The number of injuries was highest in September (14.6%). Among eye burn patients, workers and farmers became the most common occupations (62.91%, 12.58%). The most frequent cause of burns was alkali burns (19.21%), followed by acid burns (16.56%). When admitted to the hospital, patients’ average vision was 0.06, and 49% of them had a poor vision (<0.3, ≥0.05).ConclusionWith an investigation of 7-year hospitalisation data, the current study provided a fundamental reference for epidemiological features and management of eye burns in Wuxi, China, which could contribute to the development of treatment and prevention strategies.
QI initiative to reduce the number of inpatient falls in an acute hospital Trust
Authors: Boot Michelle , Allison Jennifer , Maguire Jack , O'Driscoll Gemma 
Published: February 2023

Inpatient falls are one of the most frequent concerns to patient safety within the acute hospital environment, equating to 1700 falls per year in an 800-bed general hospital. They are predicted to cost approximately £2600 per patient, however, this estimate does not capture the costs and impact that inpatient falls have on the wider health and social care system. It also does not take into the account loss of confidence and delays in functional recovery.This report shares the learning from a quality improvement (QI) initiative that took place in a District General Hospital (DGH) in the UK. The initiative started in February 2020, was paused November 2020 due to wave 2 of the pandemic and restarted in March 2021. Improvement was achieved in January 2021.Data for falls within the Trust identified that falls were within common cause variation. A system change was needed to achieve an improvement.A QI project was commenced with the aim to achieve a 5% reduction in falls per 1000 bed days in a care of the elderly ward.Two primary drivers were identified: recognising patients at high risk of falls and preventing them from falling. Change ideas to address these primary drivers were tested using Plan Do Study Act (PDSA) cycles. Changes tested included: the development of an assessment tool to identify patients at high risk of falls, use of a wristband to identify patients at high risk of a fall, and increased observation.Change ideas achieved some success with the process measures but did not achieve an improvement with the outcome measures. A Trust wide change idea relating to the falls prevention service did lead to a sustained improvement in falls reduction.The barriers to the improvement included changing Trust priorities during the pandemic, and limited opportunities to fully engage the ward-based team with systems thinking and changing mental models.
Multicentre evaluation of anxiety and mood among collegiate student athletes with concussion
Authors: Lumba-Brown Angela , Teramoto Masaru , Zhang Rachel , Aukerman Doug F , Bohr Adam D , Harmon Kimberly , Petron David J , Romano Russ , Poddar Sourav K , Ghajar Jamshid 
Published: February 2023

ObjectivesMental health problems are a premorbid and postinjury concern among college student athletes. Clinical phenotypes of anxiety and mood disruption are prevalent following mild traumatic brain injury, including concussion, a common sports injury. This work examined whether concussed student athletes with a history of mental health problems and higher symptoms of anxiety and mood disruption at baseline were more likely to have higher postinjury reports of mood and anxiety as well as prolonged resolution of postconcussive symptoms to near-baseline measures.MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study of a multi-institutional database of standardised baseline and postinjury assessments among college student athletes. Anxiety/mood evaluation data among varsity college athletes from four institutions over 1 year were measured and compared at baseline and postconcussion recovery using descriptive statistics and multilevel/mixed-effects analysis.ResultsData from 2248 student athletes were analysed, with 40.6% reporting at least one symptom of anxiety and/or mood disruption at baseline. Of the 150 distinct concussions, 94.7% reported symptoms of anxiety/mood disruption during recovery (recovery time=0–96 days). Higher anxiety/mood scores at baseline were significantly associated with higher scores following concussion (p<0.001). Recovery trajectories of anxiety/mood scores showed different patterns by sex and prolonged recovery.ConclusionSymptoms of anxiety and mood disruption are commonat baselineamong college student athletes. These students are at higher risk for symptomatology following injury, representing a screening cohort that may benefit from early counselling. Almost all student athletes will experience symptoms of anxiety and/or mood disruption following concussion.
ELITE: rationale and design of a longitudinal elite athlete, extreme cardiovascular phenotyping, prospective cohort study
Authors: van Hattum Juliette C , Verwijs Sjoerd M , Boekholdt S Matthijs , Groenink Maarten , Planken R Nils , van Randen Adrienne , Nederveen Aart J , Moen Maarten H , Wijne Cornelis A C M , Daems Joelle J N , Velthuis Birgitta K , van de Sande Danny A J , Spee Ruud , de Vries Suzanna T , van der Veen Maurits J , Pinto Yigal M , Wilde Arthur A M , Jorstad Harald T 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionThe cardiovascular benefits of physical exercise are well-known. However, vigorous exercise has also been associated with adverse cardiac effects. To improve our understanding of cardiovascular adaptation to exercise versus maladaptation and pathology, the limits of adaptation should be firmly established using state-of-the-art diagnostic modalities. We therefore initiated the Evaluation of Lifetime participation in Intensive Top-level sports and Exercise (ELITE) cohort to investigate the longitudinal (beneficial and pathological) cardiovascular effects of intensive elite sports and exercise.Methods and analysisELITE is a prospective, multicentre, longitudinal cohort study. Elite athletes, from the age of sixteen, are recruited in The Netherlands. The primary objective is to determine the association between elite sports and exercise-induced cardiac remodelling, cardiac pathology, and health benefits over time. Secondary objectives include determining and identifying genetic profiles of elite athletes, and how these are associated with cardiac indices. ELITE will collect data from consultations, electrocardiography, echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, and training- and injury data. ELITE will also collect blood for biobanking and cardiogenetics. Follow-up will take place at intervals of two to five years, and after the elite athletes’ professional careers have ended. In addition, a subcohort of ELITE has been established to investigate cardiac sequelae following infections associated with myocardial involvement, including SARS-CoV-2. ELITE is a prospective observational study; therefore, analyses will be primarily explorative.Ethics and disseminationThis study has been approved by the Medical Ethics Review Board of the Amsterdam University Medical Centers (NL71682.018.19). The results of the study will be disseminated by publication in peer-reviewed journals (Netherlands Trial Register number: NL9328).
Epidemiology and Outcomes of Aortic Stenosis in Acute Decompensated Heart Failure: The ARIC Study
Authors: Sivaraj Krishan , Arora Sameer , Hendrickson Michael , Slehria Trisha , Chang Patricia P. , Weickert Thelsa , Vaduganathan Muthiah , Qamar Arman , Pandey Ambarish , Caughey Melissa C. , Cavender Matthew A. , Rosamond Wayne , Vavalle John P. 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Few studies characterize the epidemiology and outcomes of aortic stenosis (AS) in acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF). This study investigates the significance of AS in contemporary patients who have experienced an ADHF hospitalization.

Methods:
The ARIC study (Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities) surveilled ADHF hospitalizations for residents ≥55 years of age in 4 US communities. ADHF cases were stratified by left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Demographic differences in AS burden and the association of varying AS severities with mortality were estimated using multivariable logistic regression.

Results:
From 2005 through 2014, there were 3597 (weighted n=16 692) ADHF hospitalizations of which 48.6% had an LVEF <50% and 51.4% an LVEF ≥50%. AS prevalence was 12.1% and 18.7% in those with an LVEF <50% and ≥50%, respectively. AS was less likely in Black than White patients regardless of LVEF: LVEF <50% (odds ratio [OR], 0.34 [95% CI, 0.28–0.42]); LVEF ≥50% (OR, 0.51 [95% CI, 0.44–0.59]). Higher AS severity was independently associated with 1-year mortality in both LVEF subgroups: LVEF <50% (OR, 1.16 [95% CI, 1.04–1.28]); LVEF ≥50% (OR, 1.40 [95% CI, 1.28–1.54]). Sensitivity analyses excluding severe AS patients detected that mild/moderate AS was independently associated with 1-year mortality in both LVEF subgroups: LVEF <50% (OR, 1.23 [95% CI, 1.02–1.47]); LVEF ≥50% (OR, 1.31 [95% CI, 1.14–1.51]).

Conclusions:
Among patients who have experienced an ADHF hospitalization, AS is prevalent and portends poor mortality outcomes. Notably, mild/moderate AS is independently associated with 1-year mortality in this high-risk population.
The spread of retracted research into policy literature
Authors: Malkov Dmitry , Yaqub Ohid , Siepel Josh 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Retractions warn users against relying on problematic evidence. Until recently, it has not been possible to systematically examine the influence of retracted research on policy literature. Here, we use three databases to measure the extent of the phenomenon and explore what it might tell us about the users of such evidence. We identify policy-relevant documents that cite retracted research, we review and categorize the nature of citations, and we interview policy document authors. Overall, we find that 2.3% of retracted research is policy-cited. This seems higher than one might have expected, similar even to some notable benchmarks for “normal” nonretracted research that is policy-cited. The phenomenon is also multifaceted. First, certain types of retracted research (those with errors, types 1 and 4) are more likely to be policy-cited than other types (those without errors, types 2 and 3). Second, although some policy-relevant documents cite retracted research negatively, positive citations are twice as common and frequently occur after retraction. Third, certain types of policy organizations appear better at identifying problematic research and are perhaps more discerning when selecting and evaluating research.
National Policies on Parental Leave and Breastfeeding Breaks: Racial, Ethnic, Gender, and Age Disparities in Access and Implications for Infant and Child Health
Authors: Sprague Aleta , Earle Alison , Moreno Gonzalo , Raub Amy , Waisath Willetta , Heymann Jody 
Published: February 2023

Objective: Parental leave and breastfeeding breaks influence the ability to initiate and continue breastfeeding. We investigated how eligibility criteria in the Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) and Affordable Care Act (ACA) affect access to unpaid parental leave and breastfeeding breaks and assessed affordability and alternative policy models. Methods: We used family income data to assess the affordability of unpaid leave by race and ethnicity. We used 2017-2018 US Current Population Survey data to determine the percentage of private sector workers aged 18-44 years who met the minimum hour (1250 hours of work during a 12-month period), tenure (12 months), and firm size (≥50 employees) requirements of FMLA and ACA. We analyzed eligibility by gender, race and ethnicity, and age. We also examined parental leave and breastfeeding break policies in 193 countries. Results: Most Latinx (66.9%), Black (60.2%), and White (55.3%) workers were ineligible and/or unlikely to be able to afford to take unpaid FMLA leave. Of 69 534 workers, more women (16.9%) than men (10.3%) did not meet the minimum hour requirement. Minimum tenure excluded 23.7% of all workers and 42.2% of women aged 18-24 years. Minimum firm size excluded 30.3% of all workers and 37.7% of Latinx workers. Of 27 520 women, 28.8% (including 32.9% of Latina women) were excluded from ACA breastfeeding breaks because of firm size. Nearly all other countries guaranteed mothers paid leave regardless of firm size or minimum hours and guaranteed ≥6 months of paid leave or breastfeeding breaks. Conclusions: Adopting a comprehensive, inclusive paid parental leave policy and closing gaps in breastfeeding break legislation would remove work-related barriers to breastfeeding; reduce racial, ethnic, and gender inequities; and align US national policies with global norms.