bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ADDRESSING TRAUMA IN OLDER VETERANS IN HOME-BASED PRIMARY CARE
Authors: Moye Jennifer , Bashian Hannah , Heintz Hannah , Daks Jennifer , Baird Lola , Kaiser Anica Pless , O'Malley Kelly , Etchin Anna 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
As Veterans age, confronting illness and role changes, they may experience later adulthood trauma reengagement (LATR). To better understand this process in medically ill Veterans, we completed six focus groups with 21 VA Home Based Primary Care (HBPC) mental health clinicians in rural and urban settings; 14 completed a follow-up survey. Thematic analysis of focus groups confirmed the LATR model with unique presentation and treatment challenges related to medical, physical, and cognitive changes. In surveys, the most challenging symptoms were: intrusive symptoms, dissociative reactions, and psychological/physiological reactivity (79%). In addition to focus group themes, surveys described challenges related limited social engagement, Veteran ambivalence, and lack of empirically supported treatments appropriate to HBPC. Results of these focus group and survey data provide key insights into the unique presentation of trauma in aging medically ill Veterans. Ongoing efforts to adapt materials and resources for this population will be described.
HEALTHY AGING IN PLACE REQUIRES A HEALTHY HOME CARE WORKFORCE: THE SAFETY AND HEALTH OF PAID CAREGIVERS
Authors: Quinn Margaret , Markkanen Pia , Sama Susan , Galligan Catherine , Lindberg John , Gore Rebecca 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Home care (HC) aides provide health and personal care services that enable older adults to live at home as they age. Aides are increasingly in demand as our population ages rapidly. Yet there is an aide shortage due in part to instabilities in HC work organization and to occupational safety and health (OSH) hazards, resulting in aides losing work time or leaving their jobs. Aide injuries and illness interrupt the continuity of care delivery and HC hazards can put clients and family caregivers at risk. This research synthesizes recent findings of aide OSH studies in order to identify risks and preventive interventions to improve both HC aide and client safety. Mixed methods were used to characterize aide OSH hazards including needlesticks, musculoskeletal strain, experiences of violence, COVID-19 and other infections and harmful disinfection practices. Improving aide OSH can contribute to improved care services enabling older adults to live at home.
OLDER ADULT PREFERENCES FOR THE FORMAT AND CONTENT OF PRESCRIPTION MEDICATION LABELS
Authors: Malhotra Rahul , Suppiah Sumithra , Tan Yi Wen , Van Dyk Semra Ozdemir , Sung Pildoo , Tay Sarah Siew Cheng , Tan Ngiap Chuan ,   PROMISE Study Group PROMISE Study Group
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The risk of misinterpreting prescription medicine labels (PMLs) is higher among older adults. Given the limited space on PMLs, their format and content should cater to older adults’ medication information and legibility needs. We established the ranking of seven medication-related content variables (indication, precautions, interaction or paired medicines, food instructions, side effects, expiry date, and missed dose action; provision of these content is currently not legally mandated) to be prioritised on PMLs using best-worst scaling (BWS), and determined the relative utilities of five format attributes (presentation of dose-frequency instructions, font size, presentation of dose, presentation and colour of precautions) when incorporated onto PMLs using discrete choice experiment (DCE), from the perspective of older Singaporeans. The variables and attributes were informed by our prior qualitative study and best practices guidelines for PMLs. We recruited 280 older adults (mean age: 68.8±5.4 years). A BWS object case was used to evaluate the relative importance of medication-related content variables (range: 0 to 1). A mixed logit model estimated the relative utilities of attribute levels, which enabled calculation of importance scores for ranking the format attributes (range: 0% to 100%). The three most-preferred content variables were indication (1.000), precautions (0.853) and interaction or paired medicines (0.845). The top three format preferences were tabular presentation of dose-frequency instructions (43.7%), large font size (22.3%) and precautions in red colour (13.6%). The findings inform an actionable way to improve the content and format of PMLs in the real-world, which is aligned with the stated priorities of older adults.
DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOM TRAJECTORIES AND COGNITIVE FUNCTION AMONG OLDER COUPLES: A DYADIC PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Kong Dexia , Lu Peiyi , Woo Jean , Shelley Mack 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Despite the well-documented health interdependence in the spousal context, empirical evidence on how psychological wellbeing of one’s partner might affect one’s cognitive function remains limited. Using dyadic data, the objective of this study is to examine trajectories of depressive symptoms and associated cognitive function outcomes among U.S. older married couples. Longitudinal Health and Retirement Study data (2004-2016) were used (N=6,289 heterosexual couples). Latent class growth analysis characterized depressive symptom trajectories for wives and husbands, separately. Structural equation models examined the actor and partner effects of depressive symptom trajectories on cognitive function in 2016 after adjusting for covariates. Four distinct depressive symptom trajectories were identified, including persistently low (wives: 73.61%; husbands: 79.59%), increasing (wives: 8.60%; husbands: 8.27%), decreasing (wives: 12.80%; husbands: 8.32%), and persistently high (wives: 4.99%; husbands: 3.81%). Compared to the low trajectory, increasing and high depressive symptom trajectories were associated with poorer cognitive function for wives and husbands (β_(wife,increasing,actor)=-0.92,95%CI=-1.30,-0.54; β_(wife,high,actor)=-0.71,95%CI=-1.19,-0.23; β_(husband,increasing,actor)=-0.81,95%CI=-1.16,-0.45; β_(husband,high,actor)=-1.20,95%CI=-1.78,-0.63). Notable gender discrepancies in partner effects were observed. Specifically, wife’s depressive symptom trajectories were not associated with husband’s cognitive function (P&gt;0.05). However, husband’s decreasing depressive symptom trajectory was linked to wife’s better cognitive function. One’s own depressive symptom trajectories predicts his/her own cognitive function. Specifically, older adults with increasing and persistently high depressive symptoms over time may experience poorer cognitive function, and thereby warrant additional policy and clinical attention. Psychosocial interventions targeting depressive symptoms among older men may be beneficial to their spouses’ cognitive function. Future studies need to validate such gender differences.
FOXO3-MEDIATED PROTECTION AGAINST VASCULAR DEMENTIA RISK IN A CASE-CONTROL STUDY OF ASIAN AMERICAN MEN
Authors: Davy Philip , Kallianpur Kalpana , Chen Randi , Donlon Timothy , Morris Brian , Allsopp Richard , Willcox Bradley , Masaki Kamal 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The longevity-associated allele of FOXO3 is associated with a significant reduction in cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in older adults. We hypothesized that dementia, which shares several risk factors with CVD, might also be related to FOXO3 genotype, particularly vascular dementia (VaD). Therefore, we utilized the Kuakini Honolulu Heart Program/Honolulu Asia Aging Study dataset to assess the relation of FOXO3 genotype to dementia risk. Preliminary analyses suggested that VaD had the strongest relation to FOXO3 genotype. Therefore, we performed larger, more detailed study of FOXO3 genotype and VaD risk in a 9-year nest case-control study. Chi-Square test was used to assess the association of dementia with FOXO3 genotype in a sample of 1504 Japanese-American male study participants, aged 71-93 years, at the baseline exam. General Linear Model was utilized to compare VaD risk factors between VaD cases and controls. Multivariate Logistic Regression was used to assess the association of VaD with FOXO3 genotype adjusting for birth year, education, APOE4 and other vascular risk factors. We found a significant protective association for carriers of the principal FOXO3 longevity-associated allele (SNP rs2802292 G allele-carriers) against VaD risk (OR = 0.66, 95% CI = 0.44-0.98, p = 0.0388). The protective association retained significance when controlling for common risk factors for VaD in a multivariate model. These data indicate a potential neuroprotective role for the FOXO3 longevity-associated genotype against vascular dementia. This finding merits validation studies in other cohort studies.
The effect of applying telehealth education to home care of infants after congenital heart disease surgery
Authors: Zhang Qi-Liang , Lin Shi-Hao , Lin Wen-Hao , Chen Qiang , Cao Hua 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of applying telehealth education to home care of infants after congenital heart disease (CHD) surgery.

Methods
A prospective randomized controlled study was conducted from July 2020 to February 2021 in Fujian Children’s Hospital to compare the home care condition of infants after CHD surgery between the intervention group and the control group.

Results
At 3 months after discharge, parents’ caring ability and CHD knowledge in the intervention group were significantly better than those in the control group and were significantly improved compared with those at discharge time (P &lt; 0.05). The parental care burden in the intervention group was significantly lower than that in the control group and was significantly lower than that at discharge time (P &lt; 0.05). During the follow-up period, the rate of loss of follow-up and complications in the intervention group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P &lt; 0.05).

Conclusion
Telehealth education via WeChat can effectively improve the knowledge of disease and home care ability of parents of infants after CHD surgery and reduce their home care burden, which can effectively reduce the incidence of complications and lost to follow-up rate after discharge.
From “Critical” Nationalism to “Asia as Method”: Tagore's Quest for a Moral Imaginary’ and Its Implications for Post-Western International Relations
Authors: Shani Giorgio 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This article seeks to contribute to the development of post-western international relations (IR) by engaging with the political writings and complex legacy of the Bengali Nobel Laureate Rabindranath Tagore (1861–1941). It will show how Tagore's critique of the “nation,” most presciently delivered in a lecture delivered in Japan as the First World War unfolded, unlocks the potential of “Asia as method.”
Tagore was an anti-imperialist but cannot be described as a nationalist since he was “critical” of the ideology of nationalism which he considered to be both pernicious and alien to “Asian” societies. His attempt to transcend the imaginary of the nation-state led him to posit “Asia” as a “moral imaginary” to counter the Westphalian imaginary of IR. However, this imaginary, based to a large extent on Orientalist readings of Asian history and civilization, was co-opted by the main object of his critique: the nation-state. It subsequently was subordinated to, and helped legitimize, Japanese imperial ambitions. Rather than seeing Tagore's flawed imaginary as merely highlighting the “deadlocks” of post-western IR theory, I argue that it can be seen as unlocking its “potential” by positing Asia as an “imaginary anchoring point” with which to critique the Westphalian imaginary, and methodological nationalism, of IR.
Carbapenem resistance in Acinetobacter pittii isolates mediated by metallo-β-lactamases
Authors: Wunderlich Alexander , Xanthopoulou Kyriaki , Wille Julia , Wohlfarth Esther , Gerson Stefanie , Kaase Martin , Seifert Harald , Higgins Paul G 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Objectives
To characterize the genetic environment of metallo-β-lactamases (MBL) in carbapenem-resistant clinical Acinetobacter pittii isolates.

Methods
Seventeen carbapenem-resistant A. pittii isolates harbouring an MBL were collected between 2010 and 2015 in Germany. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using agar dilution. Presence of MBLs was confirmed by PCR and their genetic location determined by S1-pulsed-field gel electrophoresis followed by Southern blot hybridization. Whole-genome sequencing was performed using the Miseq and MinION platforms. Isolates were typed using an ad hoc core genome MLST scheme. Conjugation into A. baumannii was tested by broth mating.

Results
In 10 isolates the MBL was plasmid-encoded and in seven isolates chromosomally encoded. blaGIM-1 and blaVIM-2 were plasmid-encoded, blaVIM-4 was chromosomally encoded, while blaNDM-1 was chromosomally encoded in four and plasmid-encoded in three isolates. Seven of ten plasmids were conjugative into A. baumannii. Although most isolates were unrelated, the backbones of the MBL-encoding plasmid showed &gt;99% similarity and only differed in the MBL-encoding area. blaNDM-1-harbouring plasmids were highly similar to other plasmids from Acinetobacter isolates worldwide while the blaVIM-2- and blaGIM-1-encoding plasmids have not been described.

Conclusions
These data show the existence of a promiscuous plasmid circulating in A. pittii isolates in Germany that differs only in the MBL-encoding region. Its plasmid backbone has been found globally among multiple Acinetobacter spp. These data should raise awareness of an epidemic conjugative plasmid that has independently acquired MBLs. We should also consider that future comparative plasmid analysis will look beyond solely the resistome and include the mobile elements carrying the resistance genes.
Clinical and microbiological characteristics of rifampicin-resistant MRSA bacteraemia
Authors: Bae Seongman , Kim Eun Sil , Lee Yun Woo , Jung Jiwon , Kim Min Jae , Chong Yong Pil , Kim Sung-Han , Choi Sang-Ho , Lee Sang-Oh , Kim Yang Soo 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Objectives
The clinical significance of rifampicin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus infections has not been demonstrated. Here, we evaluated the clinical characteristics of rifampicin-resistant S. aureus infection.

Methods
Data were collected from adult patients who were hospitalized with MRSA bacteraemia between March 2007 and May 2020 at a tertiary hospital in South Korea. The clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of patients infected with rifampicin-resistant MRSA were compared with those of rifampicin-susceptible isolates. All-cause death and recurrence of MRSA infection were assessed for 90 days.

Results
Of the 961 patients with MRSA bacteraemia, 61 (6.3%) were infected by rifampicin-resistant isolates. The type of infection focus and duration of bacteraemia did not significantly differ between the two groups. Rifampicin-resistant MRSA isolates were more likely to have multidrug resistance and a higher vancomycin MIC relative to the rifampicin-susceptible isolates. The 90-day recurrence rate was higher in the patients infected with rifampicin-resistant MRSA compared with those with rifampicin-susceptible MRSA (18.0% versus 6.2%, P &lt; 0.001), whereas the 90-day mortality was comparable between the two groups (27.9% versus 29.2%, P = 0.94). After adjusting for potential confounding factors, rifampicin resistance was significantly associated with 90-day recurrence (subdistributional HR: 2.31; 95% CI: 1.05–5.10; P = 0.04).

Conclusions
Rifampicin-resistant MRSA isolates showed distinct microbiological features in terms of multidrug resistance and a high vancomycin MIC. Although the management of MRSA bacteraemia was not significantly different between the two groups, recurrence was significantly more common in the rifampicin-resistant group. Rifampicin resistance may play a significant role in infection recurrence.
Africa's Latent Assets
Authors: Henn Soeren J , Robinson James A 
Published: December 2022

AbstractDespite the past centuries' economic setbacks and challenges, are there reasons for optimism about Africa's economic prospects? We provide a conceptual framework and empirical evidence that show how the nature of African society has led to three sets of unrecognised ‘latent assets.’ First, success in African society is talent driven and Africa has experienced high levels of perceived and actual social mobility. A society where talented individuals rise to the top and optimism prevails is an excellent basis for entrepreneurship and innovation. Second, Africans, like westerners who built the world's most successful effective states, are highly sceptical of authority and attuned to the abuse of power. We argue that these attitudes can be a critical basis for building better institutions. Third, Africa is ‘cosmopolitan.’ Africans are the most multilingual people in the world, have high levels of religious tolerance and are welcoming to strangers. The experience of navigating cultural and linguistic diversity sets Africans up for success in a globalised world.
Divergence and Dissonance in Residents’ Reported and Actual Feedback to Faculty in a Military Context
Authors: Geringer Jamie Lynn , Surry Luke Thomas , Battista Alexis 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Trainees (e.g., residents) are an obvious and common source of feedback for faculty; however, gaps exist in our understanding of their experiences and practices of providing such feedback. To gain a deeper understanding, this study examined residents’ beliefs about what feedback is important to provide, the kinds of feedback they report giving, and the feedback they actually gave.

Materials and Methods
Descriptive statistics were used to analyze residents’ perceptions and feedback behaviors (n = 42/96). Thematic analysis was used to analyze end-of-rotation faculty assessments from 2018 to 2019 (n = 559) to explore the actual written feedback residents provided to the faculty.

Results
The findings suggest that residents experience workload constraints (e.g., too many feedback requests), feel that their feedback is not valuable or relevant, and place conditions on when and what feedback is given (e.g., faculty agreeableness, prefer giving positively oriented feedback, and uncomfortable giving negative feedback). When comparing what feedback residents rated as important with the kinds of feedback they reported giving and actually gave, the findings also suggest that there were consistencies (e.g., clinical instruction and professionalism) and inconsistencies (e.g., evidence-based practice and medical knowledge) that may limit constructive feedback for faculty.

Conclusions
Taken together, the findings suggest that trainee assessments of faculty may be insufficient as a primary source of feedback to support the improvement of faculty performance. Potential solutions are discussed.
Light pollution indicators for all the major astronomical observatories
Authors: Falchi Fabio , Ramos Felipe , Bará Salvador , Sanhueza Pedro , Jaque Arancibia Marcelo , Damke Guillermo , Cinzano Pierantonio 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT
Light pollution at astronomical observatories is one of the main factors to be taken into account to preserve their scientific productivity and their useful lifetime. Using the Garstang–Cinzano model applied to the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) 2021 satellite radiance data, we have compared 28 sites, all hosting telescopes with apertures larger than 3 m, plus some additional selected sites. We computed and analysed five indicators of light pollution: radiance at zenith; averaged at 60° zenith distance; averaged over all the sky; averaged in the first 10° above the horizon; and horizontal irradiance. We found large variations of the values of the indicators, with a factor greater than 600 for the zenith artificial radiance between the least and most polluted major observatories. The results show that two-thirds of all large observatories have already surpassed the critical 10 per cent increase in radiance over the assumed natural levels. The results presented and the method described here can help to plan countermeasures in order to lower the impact of light pollution on observatories. These same methods can be also used to protect the night environment from the impact of artificial light (e.g. on biodiversity, on animal behaviour and physiology, on human health).
Cold mode gas accretion on two galaxy groups at z ∼ 2
Authors: Vayner Andrey , Zakamska Nadia L , Sabhlok Sanchit , Wright Shelley A , Armus Lee , Murray Norman , Walth Gregory , Ishikawa Yuzo 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT
We present Keck Cosmic Web Imager (KCWI) integral field spectroscopy (IFS) observations of rest-frame UV emission lines $\rm Ly\alpha$, CIVλλ 1548 Å, 1550Å, and $\rm HeII$ 1640 Å observed in the circumgalactic medium (CGM) of two z = 2 radio-loud quasar host galaxies. We detect extended emission on 80–90 kpc scale in $\rm Ly\alpha$ in both systems with CIV and $\rm HeII$ emission also detected out to 30–50 kpc. All emission lines show kinematics with a blue and redshifted gradient pattern consistent with velocities seen in massive dark matter haloes and similar to kinematic patterns of inflowing gas seen in hydrodynamical simulations. Using the kinematics of both resolved $\rm Ly\alpha$ emission and absorption, we can confirm that both kinematic structures are associated with accretion. Combining the KCWI data with molecular gas observations with Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) and high-spatial resolution of ionized gas with Keck OSIRIS, we find that both quasar host galaxies reside in proto-group environments at z = 2. We estimate 1–6 × 1010M⊙  of warm-ionized gas within 30–50 kpc from the quasar that is likely accreting on to the galaxy group. We estimate inflow rates of 60–200 M⊙ yr−1, within an order of magnitude of the outflow rates in these systems. In the 4C 09.17 system, we detect narrow gas streams associated with satellite galaxies, potentially reminiscent of ram-pressure stripping seen in local galaxy groups and clusters. We find that the quasar host galaxies reside in dynamically complex environments, with ongoing mergers, gas accretion, ISM stripping, and outflows likely playing an important role in shaping the assembly and evolution of massive galaxies at cosmic noon.
Metastable insertion reactions on interstellar ices
Authors: Carder Joshua T , Paulive Alec , Herbst Eric 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACT
The formation of complex organic molecules (COMs) in interstellar conditions is influenced by several different processes occurring both in the gas and solid phases. Here we perform an extension of previous work to understand the influence of electronically excited metastable species on condensed phase COM formation via insertion-type reactions. These reactions involve the insertion of a chemical entity on a previously existing chemical bond. Such insertion processes involving a metastable species allow for rapid reactions with the surrounding grain ice in the absence of activation energy or diffusion barriers even under cold, dark cloud conditions. In this paper, the production of a number of interstellar species including COMs in cold dark clouds is treated both via the metastable process as well as existing suggested pathways such as radical recombination and hydrogenation of unsaturated species in order to gain insight about the relative importance of the newly added process.