bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel laser hair removal in all skin types
Authors: Gold Michael H. , Weiss Eduardo , Biron Julie 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundLaser has been long accepted as a solution for excess or unwanted hair growth yet traditional lasers are not always ideal for safe and effective outcome for all skin types and hair characteristics. A diode laser module combining three wavelengths (755, 810, and 1064 nm) in a single pulse was developed to provide a fast and long‐term solution for subjects with various profiles.AimsTo evaluate the safety and efficacy of a Triple wavelength diode laser module for hair removal treatment in all skin types (Fitzpatrick I–VI).Subjects and methodsThis was a prospective, dual centered, single‐arm study. Subjects were treated with a novel diode laser module. Thirty‐six subjects were enrolled, sixteen with Fitzpatrick skin types I–IV (46%) and twenty with Fitzpatrick skin types V–VI (54%). Treatment areas were axilla and bikini lines. Subjects underwent 4 treatment sessions at 6 weeks ± 5 days intervals and attended a follow‐up visit 3 months after the last treatment session. 2D digital photographs were taken at baseline and at the follow‐up visit, and a hair count was conducted by three blinded evaluators.ResultsA significant reduction in hair count between baseline and the 3‐month follow‐up visit was observed in both axilla and bikini lines for all skin types. The mean hair reduction was 41.5 ± 19.4% and 48.1 ± 20.9% in the axilla and bikini line, respectively. A significant hair reduction was also observed within skin type groups; mean hair reduction 45.5 ± 16.9% and 40.3 ± 17.2% in skin types I–IV and V–VI, respectively, indicating similar efficacy for both light and dark skin types. No serious adverse events were reported.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that the Soprano Titanium laser platform is safe and effective for hair removal treatment in all skin types.
Determining the optimal initial dose for Japanese patients with nocturnal polyuria using an initial dose of desmopressin 50 μg
Authors: Kurose Hirofumi , Komiya Keisuke , Ogasawara Naoyuki , Ueda Kosuke , Chikui Katsuaki , Nishihara Kiyoaki , Nakiri Makoto , Matsuo Mitsunori , Suekane Shigetaka , Igawa Tsukasa 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveThere is no consistent opinion on the optimal initial dose of desmopressin for patients with nocturnal polyuria. Over a period of 12 weeks, we investigated the safety and efficacy of an initial dose of 50 μg of desmopressin for elderly men.MethodsEighty patients (mean age: 78.8 years) were started on an initial dose of 50 μg of desmopressin for nocturia associated with nocturnal polyuria. Safety and efficacy were evaluated after 1, 4, and 12 weeks using a frequency‐volume chart, Athens Insomnia Scale, Patient Global Impression of Improvement scale, physical examination, blood tests, and a body composition analyzer.ResultsAlong with reduction in the frequency and volume of night‐time urination, improvements in hours of undisturbed sleep, nocturnal polyuria index, and International Prostate Symptom Score, and Overactive Bladder Symptom Scores on quality of life measures were also observed. Hyponatremia was observed in 15 patients (18.7%). However, only 5.0% of patients had hyponatremia after the dose was reduced to 25 μg, and the continuation rate at 12 weeks was high at 87.5%. Age and other physical factors, such as body mass index, body water content, body fat mass, and muscle mass were not significant predictors of adverse events.ConclusionsOur study suggests that an initial dose of 50 μg is more effective than a uniformly minimum dose based on factors such as age and physique. Furthermore, a high continuation rate can be achieved by appropriately reducing the dose, if adverse events occur.
Polymorphisms in hormonal‐related genes might be associated with variations in permanent tooth crown size
Authors: Gerber Jennifer Tsi , Weiss Suyany Gabriely , Mijolaro Laura Vidal , Silva Carolina Siqueira , Petinati Maria Fernanda Pivetta , Meger Michelle Nascimento , Honório Heitor Marques , Rebellato Nelson Luis Barbosa , Sebastiani Aline Monise , Küchler Erika Calvano , Scariot Rafaela 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe variability in tooth crown size (TCS) is influenced by genetic factors and might be regulated by the difference in hormonal response.Materials and MethodsThis study aimed to evaluate the association between variations in TCS of permanent teeth with associated factors and genetic polymorphisms in hormonal‐related genes (ESR1, ESR2 and PTH). This cross‐sectional study involved dental casts from 86 individuals of both sexes. Dental casts were used to determine the maximum TCS of all fully erupted permanent teeth (except third molars) in the mesiodistal (MD) and buccolingual (BL) dimensions. Data such as sex, ethnicity, dental group (incisor, canine, premolar and molar), dental arch (upper and lower) and genetic polymorphisms of hormonal‐related genes were used. The DNA from each patient was collected to evaluate the genetic polymorphisms in ESR1 (rs2234693 and rs9340799), ESR2 (rs1256049 and rs4986938) and PTH (rs694, rs6256 and rs307247) through real‐time PCR. The data were submitted to statistical analysis with a significance level of 0.05.ResultsIn the MD dimension, the sex, dental group and dental arch were associated with variation in TCS (P < .05). In the BL dimension, the sex, dental group, dental arch and polymorphism in rs694 and rs307247 were associated with variation in TCS.ConclusionsIn short, this study suggests that genetic polymorphisms of PTH are associated with variations in the BL TCS of permanent human teeth.
An overview of interventional radiology techniques for the diagnosis and management of vascular anomalies: Part 2
Authors: Scollan Margaret E. , Azimov Neyra , Garzon Maria C. , Tulin‐Silver Sheryl 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMinimally invasive percutaneous and endovascular strategies performed by interventional radiologists have become the mainstays of treatment for vascular anomalies with improved outcomes, decreased complication rates, and less morbidity. The aim of this article is to introduce physicians who care for patients with vascular anomalies to state‐of‐the‐art advancements in interventional radiology for diagnosis and treatment. Part 2 of this review discusses embolization, endovenous laser ablation, and image‐guided percutaneous biopsy. Please see Part 1 for a discussion of sclerotherapy and cryoablation. Select vascular anomalies will be discussed as examples to highlight IR diagnostic and/or treatment techniques.
Politics of on‐demand food delivery: Policy design and the power of algorithms
Authors: Chou Meng‐Hsuan , Gomes Catherine 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this article, we examine the politics of on‐demand food delivery using insights from the theory of social construction and policy design. On‐demand food delivery is a service built on algorithm‐based technology known for its precarity and physical risks for couriers. We compare how the on‐demand food delivery sector is regulated and its observable effects in two Asia‐Pacific cities with contrasting food courier profiles: Melbourne, Australia (international students), and Singapore (citizens, permanent residents). We show how the social construction of food couriers in other policy subsystems (migration, higher education, citizenship) affects debates of their fair treatment in the on‐demand food delivery sector. By interrogating the politics of digitally enabled versions of reality, we argue for embracing a design perspective to identify how reforms could be introduced in change‐resistant sectors.
A study on skin mobility according to joint movement: Variations in mobility according to joint motion range and correlation and influence with hydrica composition
Authors: Choi Su Hong , Lee Byeong Ju , Lee Sang Yeol 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundSkin structures arranged in an advantageous structure for skin stretching to facilitate movement of the human body, and have structural functions to help the movement of the joints by changing the position of the skin, such as the stretch that occurs incidentally. Proper movement of the skin is required to be efficient owing to the nature of the skin that covers the entire human body with a single connected tissue layer.AimsThe purpose of this study was to quantify the skin mobility that occurs during joint motion and to identify the correlation and influence with hydrica composition.Materials & MethodsThe subjects of this study were healthy people in their 20s–50s (20 male, 20 female), The movement of the skin marker attached to the skin was measured using X‐ray, and the hydrica composition was measured using Inbody S10.ResultsExperiments showed that the skin on the side at which the joint bends and wrinkles form moved away from the moving joint, while the skin on the side where the wrinkles spread out moved toward the moving joint. As the range of joint motion increases, the skin became more mobile (OR: 18.95 ± 5.91 mm, MR: 34.09 ± 7.87 mm, IR: 51.14 ± 8.73 mm, FF: 78.76 ± 12.24) (p < 0.05). As a result of regression analysis between the total amount of skin mobility and the factors of hydrica composition, it was found that the ABW (arm body water) affected skin mobility as B = 7.430 (p < 0.05, adjusted R2 = 0.119).ConclusionBased on the results of this study, it was revealed that directional movement of the skin appeared according to joint movement, and it was affected by body water.
Organisation‐level and individual‐level predictors of nurse‐reported quality of care in primary care: A multilevel study in China
Authors: Wang Wenhua , Zhang Jinnan , Nicholas Stephen , Yang Huiyun , Maitland Elizabeth 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectivesKnowledge of the predictors of nursing quality and safety remains a gap in global primary care research. This study examines organisational‐level and nurse‐level predictors of nurse‐reported quality of care from a management perspective.MethodsWe recruited 175 primary care nurses in 38 community health centres (CHCs) varying by size and ownership in Jinan, Tianjin, Shenzhen and Shanghai. Guided by the Systems Engineering Initiative for Patient Safety model, the organisation‐level predictors comprised organisational structure, organisational culture, psychological safety and organisational support, while the nurse‐level predictors included organisational commitment and organisational citizenship behaviour. Nurse‐reported quality of care was measured by two questions: “How do you rate the quality of care that you provide?” and “Do you often receive complaints from patients or their family members at work?” Multilevel linear regression models were used to examine the predictors of nurse‐reported quality of care.ResultsAmong the four organisation‐level predictors, organisational structure, psychological safety and organisational support were positive predictors of nurse‐reported quality of care. Nurses working in CHCs with highly hierarchical organisational structures (Coef. = 0.196, p = 0.000), a high level of organisational support (Coef. = 0.158, p = 0.017) and a high level of psychological safety (Coef. = 0.159, p = 0.035) were more likely to report high quality of care or less likely to receive medical complaints. In terms of nurse‐level predictors, nurses willing to increase their knowledge through continuous education were more likely to report good quality of care (Coef. = 0.107, p = 0.049) and less likely to receive medical complaints from patients (Coef. = 0.165, p = 0.041).ConclusionsPotential management levers to improve quality of nursing care include formalised organisational structures, strong organisational support and a psychologically safe environment as well as the provision of training to facilitate continuous education. Implementing these recommendations is likely to enhance the nursing quality in primary care.
Pore Permeability Model Based on Fractal Geometry Theory and Effective Stress
Authors: Ge Zhaolong , Zhang Hui , Zhou Zhe , Hou Yudong , Ye Maolin , Li Chengtian 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA reasonable coal seam permeability model should be established to accurately estimate the extraction effectiveness of coalbed methane (CBM). Existing permeability models typically ignore the influence of pore structure parameters on the permeability, leading to an overestimation of the measured permeability, and consequently, the CBM production cannot be effectively predicted. This paper presents a novel permeability model based on discrete pore structures at the micro–nano scale. The model considers the interaction between the pore fractal geometry parameters, coal deformation, and CBM transport inside these pores. The contributions of key pore geometry parameters, including the maximum pore diameter, minimum pore diameter, porosity, and fractal dimensions, to the initial permeability were investigated. A numerical analysis showed that the influence of fractal dimension on the permeability is finally reflected in the influence of pore structure parameters. The initial permeability is exponential to the minimum pore diameter and proportional to the maximum pore diameter and porosity. In addition, the macroscopic permeability of the coal is positively correlated with the maximum pore diameter, minimum pore diameter, and porosity, with the minimum pore diameter having the most significant influence on the permeability evolution process. This research provides a theoretical foundation for revealing the gas flow mechanism within coal seams and enhancing the extraction effectiveness of CBM.
ArcCI: A high-resolution aerial image management and processing platform for sea ice
Authors: Sha Dexuan , Malarvizhi Anusha Srirenganathan , Lan Hai , Miao Xin , Xie Hongie , Khamidov Daler , Wang Kevin , Smith Seren , Howell Katherine , Yang Chaowei 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT
The Arctic sea-ice region has become an increasingly important study area since it is not only a key driver of the Earth’s climate but also a sensitive indicator of climate change. Therefore, it is crucial to extract high-resolution geophysical features of sea ice from remote sensing data to model and validate sea-ice changes. With large volumes of high spatial resolution data and intensive feature extraction, classification, and analysis processes, cloud infrastructure solutions can support Earth science. One example is the Arctic CyberInfrastructure (ArcCI), which was built to address image management and processing for sea-ice studies. The ArcCI system employs an efficient geophysical feature extraction workflow that is based on the object-based image analysis (OBIA) method alongside an on-demand web service for Arctic cyberinfrastructure. By integrating machine learning classification approaches, the on-demand sea-ice high spatial resolution (HSR) imagery management and processing service and framework allows for the efficient and accurate extraction of geophysical features and the spatiotemporal analysis of sea-ice leads.
Observational cohort study of use of caffeine in preterm infants and association between early caffeine use and neonatal outcomes
Authors: Szatkowski Lisa , Fateh Sheeza , Abramson Janine , Kwok T'ng Chang , Sharkey Don , Budge Helen , Ojha Shalini 
Published: February 2023

ObjectiveTo quantify trends in caffeine use in infants born at <32 weeks’ gestational age (GA), and to investigate the effects of early vs late caffeine on neonatal outcomes.Study designRetrospective propensity score matched cohort study using routinely recorded data from the National Neonatal Research Database of infants born at <32 weeks’ GA admitted to neonatal units in England and Wales (2012–2020).Results89% (58 913/66 081) of infants received caffeine. In 70%, caffeine was started early (on the day of birth or the day after), increasing from 55% in 2012 to 83% in 2020. Caffeine was given for a median (IQR) of 28 (17–43) days starting on day 2 (1–3) and continued up to 34 (33–34) weeks postmenstrual age.In the propensity score matched cohort of 13 045 pairs of infants, the odds of preterm brain injury (early caffeine, 2306/13 045 (17.7%) vs late caffeine, 2528/13 045 (19.4%), OR=0.89 (95% CI 0.84 to 0.95)) and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) (early caffeine, 4020/13 045 (32.8%) vs late caffeine, 4694/13 045 (37.7%), OR=0.81 (95% CI 0.76 to 0.85)) were lower in the group that received early caffeine compared with those who received it later.ConclusionsEarly use of caffeine has increased in England and Wales. This is associated with reduced risks of BPD and preterm brain injury. Randomised trials are needed to find the optimal timing of caffeine use and the groups of infants who will benefit most from early administration of caffeine.
Validation of the East London Retinopathy of Prematurity algorithm to detect treatment-warranted retinopathy of prematurity: a cohort study
Authors: Moorthy Sonia , Adams Gillian G W , Smith Graham , Biswas Susmito , Aliyan Waleed , Bhudia Roshni , Saiyed Aamir , Husain Shad 
Published: February 2023

AimTo validate the East London Retinopathy of Prematurity algorithm (EL-ROP) in a cohort of infants at risk of developing retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).MethodsThe EL-ROP algorithm was applied retrospectively to routinely collected data from two tertiary neonatal units in England on infants eligible for ROP screening. The EL-ROP recommendation, to screen or not, was compared with the development of treatment-warranted ROP (TW-ROP) for each infant. The main outcome measures were (1) EL-ROP’s sensitivity for predicting the future development of TW-ROP and (2) potential to reduce ROP screening examinations.ResultsData from 568 infants were included in the trial. The median (IQR) birth weight (g) was 875 (704 – 1103) and gestational age (weeks) was 27.0 (25.4 – 29.0). Maternal ethnicity was black (33%) and non-black (67%). 58(10%) developed TW-ROP and in every case this was predicted by the EL-ROP algorithm. It’s sensitivity was 100% (95% CI 94-100%) specificity: 44% (95% CI 39-48%) positive predictive value: 17% (95%CI 16-18%), negative predictive value: 100%.ConclusionsEL-ROP has been validated in a cohort of infants from two tertiary neonatal units in England. Further validation is required before its clinical usefulness can be assessed.
Home-based cardiac rehabilitation and physical activity in people with heart failure: a secondary analysis of the REACH-HF randomised controlled trials
Authors: Dibben Grace O , Hillsdon Melvyn , Dalal Hasnain M , Tang Lars H , Doherty Patrick Joseph , Taylor Rod 
Published: February 2023

ObjectivesTo quantify the impact of a home-based cardiac rehabilitation intervention (Rehabilitation Enablement in Chronic Heart Failure (REACH-HF)) on objectively assessed physical activity (PA) of patients with heart failure (HF) and explore the extent by which patient characteristics are associated with a change in PA.DesignSecondary analysis of randomised controlled trial data.SettingFive centres in the UK.Participants247 patients with HF (mean age 70.9±10.3 years; 28% women).InterventionsREACH-HF versus usual care (control).Primary and secondary outcome measuresPA was assessed over 7 days via GENEActiv triaxial accelerometer at baseline (pre-randomisation), post-intervention (4 months) and final follow-up (6–12 months). Using HF-specific intensity thresholds, intervention effects (REACH-HF vs control) on average min/day PA (inactivity, light PA and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA)) over all days, week days and weekend days were examined using linear regression analysis. Multivariable regression was used to explore associations between baseline patient characteristics and change in PA.ResultsAlthough there was no difference between REACH-HF and control groups in 7-day PA levels post-intervention or at final follow-up, there was evidence of an increase in weekday MVPA (10.9 min/day, 95% CI: −2.94 to 24.69), light PA (26.9 min/day, 95% CI: −0.05 to 53.8) and decreased inactivity (−38.31 min/day, 95% CI: −72.1 to −4.5) in favour of REACH-HF. Baseline factors associated with an increase in PA from baseline to final follow-up were reduced MVPA, increased incremental shuttle walk test distance, increased Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale anxiety score and living with a child >18 years (p<0.05).ConclusionsWhile participation in the REACH-HF home-based cardiac rehabilitation intervention did not increase overall weekly activity, patient’s behaviour patterns appeared to change with increased weekday PA levels and reduced inactivity. Baseline PA levels were highly predictive of PA change. Future focus should be on robust behavioural changes, improving overall levels of objectively assessed PA of people with HF.Trial registration numbersISRCTN78539530andISRCTN86234930.
Recovery beyond functional restoration: a systematic review of qualitative studies of the embodied experiences of people who have survived a stroke
Authors: Lo Temmy Lee Ting , Lee Janet Lok Chun , Ho Rainbow Tin Hung 
Published: February 2023

ObjectiveTo synthesise the qualitative evidence of embodied experiences of people who have survived a stroke, the experiences of making sense of oneself, others and the world in the poststroke bodies.DesignQualitative systematic review.Data sourcesFive electronic databases, PsycINFO, PubMed, MEDLINE, CINAHL Plus and Cochrane Library, were employed to search for qualitative studies published up to February 2022.Inclusion criteriaLiterature in English that employed qualitative methods to investigate the embodied experiences of people who have survived a stroke.Quality appraisalTwo reviewers independently appraised the quality of the included studies based on the tool developed by Salteret alin 2008. It consists of seven questions assessing the credibility and relevance of the studies. Discrepancies were resolved until a consensus was reached.Data extraction and synthesisThematic synthesis was applied to synthesise the related findings from all the included studies. Two reviewers were involved in the process.Results1482 records were identified. After the screening process, 34 studies were included in this review. Three analytical themes and their related descriptive themes emerged. Analytical themes included ‘disconnection between oneself, others and the world,’ ‘the transitional period: exploring and negotiating,’ and ‘reconnecting with oneself, others and the world’.ConclusionThe findings demonstrated that the embodied experiences of people who have survived a stroke progressed from feeling disconnected to reconnecting with themselves, others and the world. Stroke recovery should not only be limited to functional restoration. Approaching ‘re-embodiment’, the realignment between oneself and one’s body, is crucial in reintegrating with others and the world on the trajectory toward recovery.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020183125