bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Increased plasma endostatin and GDF15 in indolent non-Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Hidman Josefin , Larsson Anders , Thulin Måns , Karlsson Torbjörn 
Published: May 2023

Background: Increased microvascular density correlates with more advanced disease and unfavorable overall survival in non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), suggesting that angiogenesis is important for disease progression. However, studies of anti-angiogenic agents in NHL patients, have generally not shown favorable outcomes. The aim of this study was to investigate whether plasma levels of a subset of angiogenesis-associated proteins are increased in indolent B-cell derived NHL (B-NHL) and to investigate whether the levels differ between patients with asymptomatic versus symptomatic disease.
Methods: Plasma levels of growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15), endostatin, matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9), neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), long pentraxin 3 (PTX3), and galectin 3 (GAL-3) were measured by ELISA in 35 patients with symptomatic indolent B-NHL, 41 patients with asymptomatic disease, and 62 healthy controls. Bootstrap t-tests were used to assess the relative differences in biomarker levels between groups. Group differences were visualized using a principal component plot.
Results: Mean plasma endostatin and GDF15 levels were significantly higher in symptomatic and asymptomatic lymphoma patients than in controls. Symptomatic patients had higher mean MMP9 and NGAL than controls.
Conclusions: The finding of increased plasma endostatin and GDF15 in patients with asymptomatic indolent B-NHL suggests that increased angiogenic activity is an early event in indolent B-NHL disease progression.
Implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka Belajar Dengan Blended Learning Pada Pembelajaran Dasar-Dasar Kuliner
Authors: Purwanti Heni , Nurwati Nani 
Published: May 2023

Kurikulum merdeka belajar dengan fokus memberi kesempatan kepada siswa santai, tenang, senang, tidak stres dan tidak merasa tertekan, menunjukkan karakter yang baik dan bakat alami yang dimiliki oleh siswa selama proses pembelajaran berlangsung. Penelitian dengan rumusan masalah apakah implementasi kurikulum merdeka belajar dengan menerapkan blended learning antara project based learning (PjBL) dengan role play dapat mewujudkan pembelajaran yang menyenangkan, santai, tenang, senang, tidak stres dan tertekan dalam pelaksanaan pembelajaran mata pelajaran Dasar-Dasar Kejuruan Kuliner. Tujuan penelitian adalah penerapan blended learning PjBL dengan role play dalam implementasi kurikulum merdeka belajar pada pembelajaran Dasar-Dasar Kejuruan Kuliner. Penerapan blended learning pada pembelajaran dasar-dasar kuliner yaitu memadukan penugasan media chart dengan menuliskan produk yang dijual berupa materi pembelajaran dilanjutkan bermain peran sebagai penjual produk tersebut. Berdasar hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa blended learning PjBL dan role play dapat memberikan suasana pembelajaran yang menyenangkan, santai tetapi siswa memberikan hasil belajar yang baik sebanyak 97,22% jumlah siswa atau 35 siswa mendapatkan nilai 80 keatas dan 2,78% atau sebanyak 1 siswa dengan nilai 70. Nilai rata-rata kelas sebesar 86,39, nilai tertinggi 90, nilai terendah 70 dapat dikatakan bahwa blended learning PjBL dengan role play dapat diterapkan pada pembelajaran Dasar-Dasar Kuliner kelas X Kurikulum Merdeka.
Penerapan Metode TTW Berbantuan E-LKPD untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Menulis dan Hasil Belajar Materi Surat Pribadi
Authors: Susilowati Agustin 
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan penerapan metode Think Talk Write (TTW) berbantuan E-LKPD untuk meningkatkan keterampilan menulis dan hasil belajar materi surat pribadi peserta didik kelas XI IPA 2 di SMA Negeri 11 Yogyakarta tahun ajaran 2021/2022. Penelitian ini merupakan Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) dengan tahapan yang merujuk pada alur penelitian yang dikemukakan Kemmis dan McTaggart (1988), yaitu perencanaan (planning), tindakan (acting), pengamatan (observing), dan refleksi (reflecting). Metode TTW Berbantuan E-LKPD dilaksanakan dengan mengikuti tahapan 1) berpikir (think); 2) berbicara (talk); dan 3) menulis (write). Hasil tindakan menunjukkan semua indikator keterampilan menulis meningkat di siklus 2. Rerata indikator isi teks meningkat 3,42 poin dari 90,83 menjadi 94,25 di siklus 2. Indikator organisasi teks meningkat 3,86 poin dari 88,58 menjadi 92,44 di siklus 2. Indikator kosakata meningkat 3,19 poin dari 87,53 menjadi 90,72 di siklus 2. Indikator tata bahasa meningkat sebesar 27,36 poin dari 58,97 menjadi 86,33 di siklus 2. Sedangkan indikator mekanisme penulisan meningkat 5,75 poin dari 86,06 menjadi 91,81 di siklus 2. Data hasil belajar menunjukkan bahwa rerata hasil belajar peserta didik meningkat 9 poin dari 75,92 menjadi 84,92 di siklus 2. Persentase ketuntasan kelas meningkat 19,45 poin dari 69,44%, menjadi 88,89% di siklus 2. Sedangkan persentase ketidaktuntasan kelas menurun sebesar 19,45 poin dari 30,56%, menjadi 11,11% di siklus 2.
Relationship of Demographic Variables and Level of Disease Awareness Among Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients; a Tertiary Care Hospital Study
Authors: Shahzadi Sobia , Samreen Saba , Salim Babur , Mushtaq Samina , Khan Zafar Ayub , Nasim Amjad 
Published: May 2023

Objective: To determine the relationship between demographic variables and the level of disease awareness among patients of Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
Study Design: Cross-sectional study
Place and Duration of Study: Fauji Foundation Hospital, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Mar 2019 to Jan 2020.
Methodology: The study included 150 patients, diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus according to SLICC criteria. A self-made questionnaire was used, including three sets of questions. The first set collected information on socio-demographic characteristics, and the second set gathered information regarding the symptoms and treatment. While, the third was based on aetiology, aspects of life affected and sources of disease knowledge.
Results: A total of 150 participants' data was analysed; the majority of those were females. The mean age was 36.19±12.08 years and 17.3% of the patients had adequate knowledge of the disease. There were no statistically significant differences in awareness based on gender, education level and geographical distribution.
Conclusion: SLE is a two-pronged sword that affects patients' mental and physical health. Patient awareness remains an important aspect of disease management which is currently not emphasized appropriately. At the community and national levels, measures must be taken to promote and create awareness regarding SLE.
Intra-Observer Variation of Space Available in the Mandibular Dental Arch by Two Different Measuring Tools-Vernier Calliper and Brass Wire with a Millimetre Ruler
Authors: Shahid Rooma , Jan Abdullah , Fazal Ayesha , Mughal Alaina Tariq , Ghaffar Fareena , Mehmood Sundas 
Published: May 2023

Objective: To check the variation of space available in the mandibular dental arch using different tools, i.e., Vernier caliper and brass wire with a millimeter ruler.
Study Design: Comparative cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Orthodontics, Armed Forces Institute of Dentistry (AFID), Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Sep to Dec 2019.
Methodology: Seventy-five dental casts of patients, with an age range between 12-25 years were included in the study. The variation of the space available using two different measuring tools (Vernier calliper and brass wire with millimetre ruler) in the mandibular arch was determined by the same observer to assess random and systematic errors. The examiner recorded the measurements, and then the same examiner repeated the measurements after ten days by taking two readings each using the blinding technique to minimize bias. Random and systematic errors were analyzed with the use of two methods.
Results: Systematic errors were found to be significant with brass wire with millimetre ruler method only (p-value=0.02). For random errors, the Vernier calliper can be considered a better method to measure reproducibility and repeatability. However, brass wire with a millimetre ruler method can be considered better for measuring repeatability than reproducibility since the value to measure random errors was less than 1mm but in the upper limits (p-value=0.091).
Conclusion: In the current study, it is concluded that the Vernier calliper is more precise in measuring the readings in orthodontics for arch space measurement than that of brass wire with a millimetre ruler. However, brass wire
Scale on Stress among Parents having only Daughters: Developing a Reliable Measure
Authors: Riaz Saima , Fatima Safoora , Aslam Misbah , Salma Umme 
Published: May 2023

Objective: To develop a reliable scale to measure stress among parents with only daughters.
Study Design: Cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Psychology, University of Gujrat, Gujrat Pakistan, from May to Jul 2019.
Methodology: The study was conducted on parents who have only daughters. A pool of 59 items was created through brainstorming sessions and an intensive literature review. Afterwards, 42 items were retained through meticulous evaluation and assessment of experts. Subsequently, a scale was administered to 242 respondents who were selected through a purposive sampling technique. All the items were retained because of their high correlation with item total (r≥0.5). Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) proceeded for structure exploration and confirmation. Furthermore, the reliability of the scale was established.
Results: EFA led to five factors encompassing 36 items. Moreover, CFA was carried out, and the model fit summary showed some indices in good ranges (RFI=0.923, NFI=0.940, GFI=0.928) while some in excellent ranges (CFI=0.970, IFI= 0.971, TLI=0.962) after the deletion of 22 items with significance p-value (0.001). The reliability of the scale was 0.93, while the reliability of the subscale ranges from 0.81 to 0.88.
Conclusion: A reliable scale to measure Stress among parents having only daughters was successfully developed with 14 items casing four subscales.
Association of Various Factors in Terms of Pathological Response in Breast Cancer Patients Receiving Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy
Authors: Zargham Anum , Ahmad Riaz , Bangash Mussavir Hussain , Tufail Umair , . Ibtisam , Babar Anil 
Published: May 2023

Objective: To analyze the association of various factors in terms of pathological response among breast cancer patients.
Study Design: Cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Oncology Department, Combined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Jan 2019 to Jun 2020.
Methodology: This study was conducted on 82 female patients with advanced breast cancer who required neo-adjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgical tumour resection. The pathological response was classed as complete, partial, and no response based on histological findings on resected tumour sample. In addition, the age of the patient, stage of disease at presentation, intrinsic (molecular) subtypes and pathological subtype were the factors correlated with response to treatment in the target population.
Results: A total of 82 female patients were included in the final analysis. The mean age of the patients was 47.421±8.857 years. 27(32.9%) had a complete pathological response, 34(41.5%) had partial, and 21(25.6%) had no response to the neoadjuvant therapy. Intrinsic subtypes of the tumour were statistically significantly associated with pathological response to neoadjuvant therapy (p-value<0.05) in our study participants.
Conclusion: Considerable number of patients with advanced breast cancer showed pathological responses to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. In addition, intrinsic subtyping significantly predicted pathological response to therapy in our patients, with triple-negative patients having more chances of complete response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography in the Detection of Choledocholith, taking Post-Operative findings as the Gold Standard
Authors: Javaid Ayesha , Mahmood Rashid , Ullah Hidayat , Shafiq Mazhar , Dildar Nazia , Abbas Ghulam 
Published: May 2023

Objective: To assess the diagnostic accuracy of Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) in the detection of Choledocholith, taking post-operative findings as the gold standard.
Study Design: Cross-sectional validation study
Place and Duration of Study: Combined Military Hospital, Kharian Pakistan, from Jan 2020 to Jan 2021.
Methodology: Patients presenting with sonographic evidence of choledocholithiasis without any contraindications for magnetic resonance imaging were subjected to MRCP after informed consent. The patients who underwent surgery were followed up, and their per-operative findings were compared with the radiological findings of MRCP.
Results: A total of 87 patients were included in the study. The mean age of patients was 37.04±10.49 years (range of 22-65 years). The sensitivity for MRCP was 95%, specificity was 73.33%, positive predictive value (PPV) was 93.44%, and negative predictive value was 78.57%. The diagnostic accuracy for MRCP was found to be 90.66%.
Conclusion: The study shows that magnetic resonance cholangio-pancreatography is an effective imaging modality in diagnosing choledocholithiasis.
Face Mask Compliance and Complacency amongst Pakistan’s Youth During the Third Wave of COVID-19
Authors: Kakalia Spenta , Saif Saba , Butt Shehreena Zabreen , Ibrahim Maryam , Siddique Muhammad , Malik Rahat 
Published: May 2023

Objective: To assess the reasons for compliance with face mask usage amongst Pakistani youth.
Study Design: Internet-based cross-sectional survey.
Place and Duration of Study: Different cities of Pakistan, in April 2021.
Methodology: Persons currently residing in Pakistan aged 18-29 were included in the study. The questionnaire included questions to identify self-perceptions of vulnerability to COVID-19, followed by questions about social situations where respondents wore facemasks.
Results: A large number of (1,034,90%) respondents reported compliance with facemasks. Specifically, 1048(92%), 962(85%), and 850(75%) of respondents wore facemasks in healthcare facilities, marketplaces, or at work or school respectively. Nevertheless, when self-regulating, such as with family or around friends, compliance fell to 200(18%). Compliance turns to complacency when people are expected to self-regulate face mask usage. Females were more compliant than males (p<0.001). A large 779(68%) of compliant youth relied on information from Internet-based resources.
Conclusion: The study correlates the reasons for compliance and complacency. In Pakistan, the most compliant youth get information from the Internet, particularly official websites and social media.
A Survey of National Practices of Anaesthesia for Live Donor Renal Transplantation
Authors: Rana Sumbal , Munir Ali Arslan , Zafar Rafiq , Wahid Faisal , Rizvi Syed Ehtasham Haider , Yasrab Muhammad 
Published: May 2023

Objective: To compare the institutional practices among patients undergoing living-related renal transplants in different hospitals throughout Pakistan.
Study Design: Cross-sectional survey.
Place and Duration of Study: Armed Forces of Institute of Urology, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Jun 2020 to Jan 2021.
Methodology: Pakistan's leading kidney transplant centres were sent data electronically to ask about their anaesthetic practices. The methodology adopted was a simple questionnaire model that included 26 questions encompassing all the steps the anaesthesia team took for renal transplant. Uniformity in anaesthetic practices was expected in large centres through rigorous training and workload management. The teams responded according to their standard operating procedures and compared their answers using statistical formulas.
Results: Nine out of 11(81.8%) institutes responded. Marked heterogeneity in Anaesthesia practices was found among different institutes. Only 2(18.2%) institutes had Anaesthesia guidelines for a kidney transplant.
Conclusion: There is a need for centralized country-specific homogeneous guidelines for Anaesthesia for the kidney transplant to improve outcomes.
Comparison of Hemodynamic Changes after Intubation with Macintosh and McCoy Laryngoscopes–A Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: Qarni Muhammad Awais , Nisar Salma , Alam Fawad , Mehmood Tariq , Ali Mashooque , Nisar Sarah 
Published: May 2023

Objective: To compare hemodynamic changes (systolic blood pressure and pulse) after intubation with Macintosh and McCoy laryngoscopes.
Study Design: Randomised control trial (Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT05133375)
Place and Duration of Study: Combined Military Hospital, Jhelum Pakistan, from Apr to Oct 2021.
Methodology: A group of 272 patients reporting to the operation theatre were selected and divided into Group-A and B using the lottery method. All patients had ASA class I and II score and Mallampati score of I and II with no comorbid conditions. Macintosh laryngoscope was used in Group-A, and McCoy laryngoscope was used in Group-B. Before intubation, systolic blood pressure and pulse were measured, as well as 30 seconds, 2 minutes, and 3 minutes following intubation. In addition, a comparison of both groups regarding systolic blood pressure and pulse was made.
Results: The patients in the study had a mean age of 34.93±9.66 years. The increase (20%) in heart rate was significantly higher in the Macintosh-Group 23(16.9%), than in the McCoy-Group 8(4.4%), (p=0.001), and the 20% increase in systolic pressure was also found to be significantly higher in the Macintosh-Group as compared to the McCoy-Group, 26(19.1%) versus 8(6.6%), (p=0.002).
Conclusion: According to our research, using the McCoy blade is a safer mode of intubation in terms of the hemodynamic response.
Depression, Anxiety and Social Support as Predictors of Suicide Intent among Self-Harm Inpatients
Authors: Yaqoob Naila , Ahsan Sadaf , Shaikh Sarah 
Published: May 2023

Objective: to examine depression, anxiety and social support as predictors of suicide intent among self-harm inpatients.
Study Design: Cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Foundation University, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Jun 2019 to Oct 2020.
Methodology: A clinical sample of 220 self-harm patients aged 18 to 35 years was collected from different mental health departments of Rawalpindi, Jhelum and Multan hospitals. Beck Suicide Intent Scale, Depression and Anxiety subscales of DASS-42 and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support were administered to assess suicide intent, depression, anxiety and social support.
Results: Results of current research revealed that depression and anxiety had a significant positive correlation with suicide intent (r = 0.71 & 0.29, respectively). Moreover, depression and anxiety were significantly positively predicted by suicide intent. Social support had a significant negative correlation with suicide intent and significantly negatively predicted suicide intent.
Conclusion: The study revealed that depression and anxiety were significant positive predictors of suicide intent among selfharm inpatients, whereas social support was a significant negative predictor of suicide intent and, thus, contributed to the continued growth of exploring an etiological model of self-harm.
Evolving Perception Regarding Online Learning and Teachingin the COVID-19 Era of Graduate Students with diverse educational backgrounds enrolled inMaster’s Health Professional Education Program of a Pakistani University
Authors: Nadeem Amina , Rashid Azhar , Yasmeen Rahila 
Published: May 2023

Objective: To analyze the evolving perception of graduate students of Masters in ‘health professional education with diverse educational backgrounds regarding online learning and teaching.
Study Design: Mixed-method’ study of Convergent Parallel Design.
Place and Duration of Study: Riphah University, Rawalpindi Pakistan, Dec 2021 to Feb 2022.
Methodology: Twenty-five graduate students of Masters in ‘health professional education’ with diverse educational backgrounds answered semi-structured questionnaires at the end of 2 online teaching sessions.
Results: The mean scores of 3 domains of ‘student’s perception of learning, ‘contents and teaching strategies and ‘educational environment’ in 1st vs second online sessions were as follows, respectively: (4.37 0.42 vs 4.09, 0.45; p-value 0.04), (4.40 0.47 vs 4.29, 0.58; p-value 0.44) and (4.43 0.43 vs 4.23 0.69; p-value 0.36). The students agreed that the contents covered, teaching strategies and education environment were satisfactory, and the perception was not statistically different between the two sessions in these domains. In contrast, students’ self-perception of learning was more satisfactory in the first online session.
Conclusion: The graduate students of Masters in ‘health professional education’ with diverse educational backgrounds were satisfied regarding the contents covered, teaching strategies and education environment in two online teaching sessions. In contrast, their perception of their learning depreciated in the second online teaching session.
Comparison of Pregabalin and Gabapentin as Pre-emptive Analgesics in Patients Undergoing Abdominal Surgeries
Authors: Hassam Bhalli Hafiz Ahmed , Hamid Shmyla , Iqbal Muhammad Rashid , Baig Sheharyar , Khan Tanveer Ahmed , Ayub Mehr -un- Nisa 
Published: May 2023

Objective: To compare the analgesic effects of Pregabalin and Gabapentin during elective abdominal surgeries.
Study Design: Quasi-experimental study.
Place and Duration of Study: Combined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Feb to Aug 2021.
Methodology: Patients with ASA physical status I, II, and III were enrolled in the study. The total number of patients was 152,divided into Group-A, which received 300mg of oral Gabapentin. In contrast, Group-B received 75 mg of oral Pregabalin an hour before induction of general anaesthesia. In addition, the analgesic requirement in the postoperative period, pain visual analogue scores and side effects were recorded.
Results: Out of 152 patients recruited in the study 68(44%) were males whereas 84(56%) were females with a mean age of 42.86±7.07 years. Based on ASA classification, 33(22%) patients were from ASA-I, 91(60%) patients were from ASA-II, and 27(18%) patients were from ASA-III. Pregabalin was a potent analgesic with a significant influence on the visual analogue score, increased duration to the first analgesic administration and a decreased consumption of opioids post-operatively compared with Gabapentin revealing significant results (p-value <0.001). However, no statistically significant association was derived regarding adverse effects between the two groups.
Conclusion: Pregabalin significantly reduces post-operative visual analogue scores, increased duration to first analgesic dose requirement and Opioid consumption post-operatively when compared with Gabapentin with no significant difference in adverse effect profile.