bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiotoxicity of lung cancer-related immunotherapy versus chemotherapy: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Jin Chengwei , Qi Jia , Wang Qilei , Pu Chenwei , Tan Mingming 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundPrevious clinical randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have demonstrated that immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) cause various toxicities during cancer treatment, but the effects of different inhibitors in combination with chemotherapy for cardiotoxicity remain controversial. The aim of the present study was to assess cardiotoxicity caused by programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), programmed cell death-Ligand 1 (PD-L1), and cytotoxic T lymphocyte associate protein-4 (CTLA-4) in combination with chemotherapy to treat lung cancer.MethodsThe following ICIs were included in the present study: durvalumab, avelumab, ipilimumab, atezolizumab, pembrolizumab, cemiplimab, and nivolumab. The relevant information was extracted using a predefined data extraction table, and the risk of bias was assessed in randomized controlled trials using the Cochrane Bias Risk tool. The main outcomes were hypertension, heart failure, pericardial effusion, and other adverse cardiac events. The random effects model was used to conduct a paired meta-analysis, and a random effects network meta-analysis was then performed within a Bayesian framework.ResultsIn total, 17 RCTs were included in the present study. There were 11,063 individuals in the experimental and control groups, with an average age greater than 60 years. Based on the evaluation of all drug classes in RCTs, CTLA-4+chemotherapy (RR, -0.69 [95% CI, 2.91-1.52] and PD-L1 (RR, -0.21 [95% CI, -1.03-0.60]) were less cardiotoxic than the control arm, which indicated they were safer options for adverse cardiac events. PD-L1 alone was less cardiotoxic than PD-1 alone (RR, -0.57 [95% CI, -1.96-0.82]). Further, the dual immunotarget inhibitor, PD-1+CTLA-4, had the lowest SUCRA value and had the highest cardiotoxicity (SUCRA=9).ConclusionWhen classified according to drug type, CTLA-4+chemotherapy is associated with fewer cardiac adverse events compared to other treatments. Dual immunotarget inhibitors are more likely to have adverse cardiac reactions. Therefore, clinicians should consider this evidence when developing an ICI immunotherapy regimen for lung cancer.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero, identifier CRD42023360931.
Genome-wide identification, phylogeny, and expression analysis of GRF transcription factors in pineapple (Ananas comosus)
Authors: Yi Wen , Luan Aiping , Liu Chaoyang , Wu Jing , Zhang Wei , Zhong Ziqin , Wang Zhengpeng , Yang Mingzhe , Chen Chengjie , He Yehua 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundPineapple is the only commercially grown fruit crop in the Bromeliaceae family and has significant agricultural, industrial, economic, and ornamental value. GRF (growth-regulating factor) proteins are important transcription factors that have evolved in seed plants (embryophytes). They contain two conserved domains, QLQ (Gln, Leu, Gln) and WRC (Trp, Arg, Cys), and regulate multiple aspects of plant growth and stress response, including floral organ development, leaf growth, and hormone responses. The GRF family has been characterized in a number of plant species, but little is known about this family in pineapple and other bromeliads.Main discoveriesWe identified eight GRF transcription factor genes in pineapple, and phylogenetic analysis placed them into five subfamilies (I, III, IV, V, VI). Segmental duplication appeared to be the major contributor to expansion of the AcGRF family, and the family has undergone strong purifying selection during evolution. Relative to that of other gene families, the gene structure of the GRF family showed less conservation. Analysis of promoter cis-elements suggested that AcGRF genes are widely involved in plant growth and development. Transcriptome data and qRT-PCR results showed that, with the exception of AcGRF5, the AcGRFs were preferentially expressed in the early stage of floral organ development and AcGRF2 was strongly expressed in ovules. Gibberellin treatment significantly induced AcGRF7/8 expression, suggesting that these two genes may be involved in the molecular regulatory pathway by which gibberellin promotes pineapple fruit expansion.ConclusionAcGRF proteins appear to play a role in the regulation of floral organ development and the response to gibberellin. The information reported here provides a foundation for further study of the functions of AcGRF genes and the traits they regulate.
Correlation of hemoglobin with osteoporosis in elderly Chinese population: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Liu Yichen , Zeng Yue , Lu Jun , Zhang Xiaoya , Zhang Zikai , Li Huijuan , Liu Peipei , Ma Bin , Gu Yiqun , Song Lige 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionIn the elder population, both low hemoglobin (Hb)/anemia and osteoporosis (OP) are highly prevalent. However, the relationship between Hb and OP is still poorly understood. This study was to evaluate the correlation between Hb and OP in Chinese elderly population.MethodsOne thousand and sisty-eight individuals aged 55–85 years were enrolled into this cross-sectional study during June 2019–November 2019. Data on the demographics and clinical characteristics were recorded. Detections of complete blood count, liver/kidney function, glucose metabolism and lipid profile, and thoracolumbar X-ray were performed, and bone mineral density (BMD) at lumbar spine 1–4, femur neck, and total hip was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses were employed to evaluate the correlation between Hb with BMD T-score. Logistic regression analysis was performed to access the correlation between different Hb levels and the odds ratio (OR) for OP.ResultsCompared with non-OP group, OP patients had lower level of Hb. Univariate linear regression analysis indicated Hb level was positively related to the BMD of lumbar spine 1–4, femur neck and total hip, and this relationship remained after adjusting confounding variables [gender, age, body mass index (BMI), diabetes mellitus (DM) and morphological vertebral fracture]. Logistic regression analysis showed the ORs for OP decreased with the increase of Hb. Compared with the subjects with the lowest quartile of Hb, the OR for OP in the highest quartile group was 0.60 (0.41–0.89) after adjusting for gender, age and BMI, and the OR for OP was 0.62 (0.41–0.92) after further adjustment for gender, age, BMI, DM, and lipid indexes.DiscussionIn conclusion, Lower Hb level is related to lower BMD in the elderly population. However, whether Hb level could be used to predict the risk of OP needs to be further determined in more longitudinal clinical studies.
The mediating and moderating effects of resilience between childhood trauma and geriatric depressive symptoms among Chinese community-dwelling older adults
Authors: Li Shaojie , Yin Yongtian , Cui Guanghui , Zhang Chi , Zhu He , Yao Yao 
Published: April 2023

ObjectiveThis study aims to examine the association between childhood traumatic events (CTEs), childhood trauma severity, and depressive symptoms, as well as to examine the mediating and moderating roles of resilience in these associations.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study of 1,091 community-dwelling older adults in Jinan, China. The trauma history questionnaire (THQ) was used to measure CTEs and childhood trauma severity. CTEs were defined as the number of traumatic events before the age of 18. We calculated childhood trauma severity by multiplying the number of CTEs by the participants’ self-perceived impact level of the events from the THQ. We then applied the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale and 10-item Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale to assess participants’ depressive symptoms and resilience, respectively. Linear regression models were used to examine the associations, and structural equation modeling was used to examine the mediating and moderating roles of resilience.ResultsChildhood traumatic events, childhood trauma severity, and resilience were all associated with depressive symptoms in older adults. Resilience mediated the relationship between childhood trauma severity and depressive symptoms (β = 0.082, 95% CI = 0.045–0.123), accounting for 26.6% of the overall effect (β = 0.308, 95% CI = 0.190–0.422). However, there was no evidence that resilience mediated the association between CTEs and depressive symptoms. In addition, we did not find that resilience played a moderating role in the associations of CTEs, childhood trauma severity with depressive symptoms.ConclusionResilience plays a mediating role in the relationship between childhood trauma severity and depressive symptoms. Intervention measures on improving resilience may reduce childhood trauma severity associated with depression risk in older Chinese adults.
Exploring public health education’s integration of critical race theories: A scoping review
Authors: Collins Sarah L. , Smith Travis C. , Hack George , Moorhouse Michael D. 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionPublic health has declared a commitment toward diversity as a whole, with a commitment toward addressing and dismantling racism being at the forefront. Although public health has admirably taken on this mission, and the foundational principles of public health align with social justice and health equity, public health as a discipline is vastly behind other fields in integrating and utilizing critical race theorizations. Of particular concern is the lack of critical race theorization within public health education materials. Public health education serves as a precursor to public health practice and situates topics and competencies that are essential to one’s foundational public health knowledge and skillset, thus the use of strong theoretical groundings is critical in public health education.ObjectivesTherefore, to explore the current landscape of public health educational research that employs critical race theories, this study sought to conduct a scoping review investigating the current literature of public health pedagogical, instructional, and curricular efforts that utilize race and antiracist theorization principles as a means to administer public health education. More specifically, we sought to investigate how have faculty and instructors published their integration of race theorization in public health curriculum/instruction within the United States since 2011.ResultsWe found 18 examples from peer-reviewed literature of curricular, pedagogical, or instructional practices and strategies that integrate critical theories of race, including contemplative pedagogy (n = 1), antiracism (n = 3), Public Health Critical Race praxis (n = 4), Critical Race (n = 5), critical service-learning/community engagement (n = 2), ethnic studies (n = 1), and intersectionality (n = 2).ConclusionThese articles present a wide breadth of innovative approaches to infusing critical race studies within public health higher education, ranging from individual assignments to course design and implementation to institutional culture change, thus demonstrating the multifaceted nature of critical race studies within micro-learning communities and macro-discipline practices. Identifying theoretically grounded, exemplary models and scholarly recommendations of pedagogical, instructional, and curricular practices provides readers the opportunity to borrow from successful practices and implement concepts of race, racism, antiracism, intersectionality, and more into their classrooms.
Association between alcohol consumption and kidney stones in American adults: 2007–2016 NHANES
Authors: Zhou Zhen , Huang Zhicong , Ai Guoyao , Guo Xin , Zeng Guohua , Zhu Wei 
Published: April 2023

PurposeTo investigate the association between alcohol consumption and kidney stones in American adults.Materials and methodsNational Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) datasets from 2007 to 2016 were utilized. Participants with a history of kidney stones and alcohol consumption aged 20 or older were included. Weighted proportions and regression analysis were used to assess the association between alcohol consumption and kidney stones by adjusting age, gender, race, marital status, education, recreational activities, smoking, and several comorbidities.ResultsEleven population samples (Q1-Q11) were included from the NHANES dataset based on 11 questions compiled from the Alcohol Use Questionnaire (ALQ). In the fully adjusted regression model, none of these 11 samples demonstrated a significant association with urolithiasis, that is, alcohol consumption was not significantly associated with the incidence of kidney stones, even among heavy drinkers.ConclusionAlcohol consumption is not significantly associated with the prevalence of kidney stones. This finding requires a more adequate sample size and a more detailed review of the history of kidney stones to be further verified.
Pregnancy Loss and Risk of All-Cause Mortality in Chinese Women: Findings From the China Kadoorie Biobank
Authors: Jiang Li , Huang Sha , Hee Jia Yi , Xin Yiqian , Zou Siyu , Tang Kun 
Published: April 2023

Objectives: Pregnancy loss is a common obstetric complication that may be associated with maternal mortality. However, evidence is sparse and inconsistent. This study aims to investigate the association between pregnancy loss with the risk of all-cause mortality among Chinese women.Methods: Data on 299,582 women aged 30–79 years old from the China Kadoorie Biobank were used. Cox proportional hazard regression was conducted to investigate the association between the occurrence of pregnancy loss and all-cause mortality.Results: Two or more pregnancy losses was associated with long-term all-cause mortality (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) of 1.10, 95% CI: 1.03–1.18). Specifically, more than one spontaneous abortion or stillbirth was associated with long-term all-cause mortality (aHR 1.10, 95% CI: 1.01–1.21 and 1.14, 95% CI: 1.04–1.25, respectively). When stratified by the presence of cardiovascular disease or diabetes, as well as age at baseline, two or more pregnancy losses in women aged ≥50 diagnosed with cardiovascular disease (aHR 1.32, 95% CI: 1.18–1.48) or diabetes (aHR 1.30, 95% CI: 1.06–1.60) was associated with all-cause mortality.Conclusion: Recurrent pregnancy loss, in particular two or more spontaneous abortions and stillbirths were associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality. The associations between recurrent pregnancy losses and all-cause mortality were more pronounced in women aged ≥50 with cardiovascular disease or diabetes at baseline.
Environmental Monitoring of Legionella in Hospitals in the Campania Region: A 5-Year Study
Authors: Lombardi Annalisa , Borriello Tonia , De Rosa Elvira , Di Duca Fabiana , Sorrentino Michele , Torre Ida , Montuori Paolo , Trama Ugo , Pennino Francesca 
Published: April 2023

Legionella is a pathogen that colonizes soils, freshwater, and building water systems. People who are most affected are those with immunodeficiencies, so it is necessary to monitor its presence in hospitals. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the presence of Legionella in water samples collected from hospitals in the Campania region, Southern Italy. A total of 3365 water samples were collected from January 2018 to December 2022 twice a year in hospital wards from taps and showers, tank bottoms, and air-treatment units. Microbiological analysis was conducted in accordance with the UNI EN ISO 11731:2017, and the correlations between the presence of Legionella and water temperature and residual chlorine were investigated. In total, 708 samples (21.0%) tested positive. The most represented species was L. pneumophila 2–14 (70.9%). The serogroups isolated were 1 (27.7%), 6 (24.5%), 8 (23.3%), 3 (18.9%), 5 (3.1%), and 10 (1.1%). Non-pneumophila Legionella spp. represented 1.4% of the total. Regarding temperature, the majority of Legionella positive samples were found in the temperature range of 26.0–40.9 °C. An influence of residual chlorine on the presence of the bacterium was observed, confirming that chlorine disinfection is effective for controlling contamination. The positivity for serogroups other than serogroup 1 suggested the need to continue environmental monitoring of Legionella and to focus on the clinical diagnosis of other serogroups.
Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance in Metamaterials Composed of As1−zSbz Semimetal Nanoparticles in AlxGa1−xAs1−ySby Semiconductor Matrix
Authors: Silkin Vyacheslav M. , Eremeev Sergey V. , Ushanov Vitalii I. , Chaldyshev Vladimir V. 
Published: April 2023

We analyze the possibility to realize a localized surface plasmon resonance in metamaterials composed of As1−zSbz nanoparticles embedded in an AlxGa1−xAs1−ySby semiconductor matrix. To this end, we perform ab initio calculations of the dielectric function of the As1−zSbz materials. Changing the chemical composition z, we trace the evolution of the band structure, dielectric function, and loss function. In terms of the Mie theory, we calculate the polarizability and optical extinction of a system of As1−zSbz nanoparticles in an AlxGa1−xAs1−ySby environment. We show a possibility to provide localized surface plasmon resonance near the band gap of the AlxGa1−xAs1−ySby semiconductor matrix by a built-in system of As1−zSbz nanoparticles strongly enriched by Sb. The results of our calculations are supported by available experimental data.
A magnetic levitation-based system to study the mechanisms of bacterial flocculation and autoaggregation
Authors: Domnin P. A. , Zakharchenko A. E. , Rejepov D. T. , Ermolaeva S. A. 
Published: April 2023

Objective. To evaluate the potential of magnetic levitation systems when studying the autoaggregation of gram-negative and gram-positive pathogenic bacteria and elucidating mechanisms controlling autoaggregation.Materials and methods. Escherichia coli O157:H7, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Listeria monocytogenes were used. The number of alive bacteria was determined using a Live/Dead® dye. E. coli curli were stained with Congo red.Results. All four tested bacterial species formed autoaggregates that levitated within the liquid volume for up to 72 hours (observation time). After 72 hours, the number of alive bacteria in the autoaggregates ranged from 82% (E. coli) to 99% (L. monocytogenes). The formation of E. coli autoaggregates was shown to depend on the production of curli, which represent surface structures playing an important role in biofilm formation.Conclusion. The proposed system of magnetic levitation can be used to study molecular mechanisms of bacterial autoaggregation and flocculation.
Species composition of genus <i>Candida</i> in healthy people and people with intestinal pathology
Authors: Prokopiev V. V. , Vinnikova Yu. V. , Peredelskaya E. A. , Safyanova T. V. 
Published: April 2023

Aim. To identify the difference in the detection of yeasts of the genus Candida and their species composition in people with gastrointestinal pathology and in healthy people undergoing a regular medical checkup.Materials and methods. Clinical trial material comprised biological material from patients undergoing regular medical checkup (control group) and patients with intestinal pathology. Following the detection of fungal colonies on Sabouraud medium, identification was carried out using chromogenic agar. A number of strains were identified via mass spectrometry.Results. The study results show that the frequency of occurrence of the genus Candida is more than three times higher in patients with intestinal pathology. In addition, the study groups revealed the differences in the species composition. Candida krusei is more than 5 times more common in cases of gastrointestinal pathology.Conclusion. Due to the differences in the frequency and species composition of yeasts of the genus Candida isolated from the intestine, specialists should diagnose intestinal diseases and choose antimycotic therapy in a meticulous way.
Evaluating nutrition, physical development and morbidity in primary school-aged children
Authors: Tkachuk E. A. , Globenko N. E. 
Published: April 2023

Aim. To explore the relationship of physical development and nutrition pattern in primary school-aged children.Materials and methods. 266 children have been examined for three years by means of the continuous sampling method. In order to study nutrition patterns, the questionnaire method was applied to the parents. Physical development was evaluated according to main anthropometric indicators with the identification of somatotype and degree of harmonious development. Morbidity was studied by extracting data from individual development histories.Results. The nutrition of primary schoolers is marked by a prevalence of carbohydrates, while the amount of protein and calcium-containing products is insufficient. The physical development is disharmonious in most cases, due to underweight (82% of children) and excess weight (8%). 24% of children have a postural abnormality, 15% – caries, 3% – endemic goiter, 45% suffer acute respiratory infections more than 4 times a year.Conclusions. Nutrition patterns in primary school-aged children are characterized by unbalanced diet, which contributes to disharmonious development and decreases stamina.
Analysis of quality of life indicators in medical students in the Sakhalin Oblast
Authors: Kuznetsov V. V. , Krukovich E. V. , Shumatov V. B. , Trankovskaya L. V. , Krukovich A. A. 
Published: April 2023

Aim. To study the indicators of quality of life (QoL) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among medical university students.Materials and methods. In total, 114 people aged 18 to 23 years were included in the study. The participants were divided into two groups. Group 1 consisted of 55 medical students (MS) of the Pacific State Medical University undergoing practical training in the city of Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk (Vladivostok, Russia). In this group, male and female respondents accounted for 41.8% (23) and 58.2% (32), respectively. Group 2 included 59 students of non-medical education (NMS) from the Sakhalin State University (Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, Russia), with 49.28% (29) male and 50.8% (30) female respondents. The effect of socio-economic factors on HRQoL indicators was determined, along with the main predictors in their decrease.Results. In the structure of diseases defining the 2nd and 3A health groups, diseases of class IX prevailed. Diseases of the circulatory system (I00-I99) were detected in 12% and 24.4% of MS and NMS, respectively. The diseases of class XI were ranked second. Thus, digestive diseases (K00-K93) accounted for 47.8%, and ophthalmic diseases (H00-H59) accounted for 35.5%. A significant physical dysfunction was identified in more than 3% of respondents; 99% of respondents reported a decrease in working capacity. Among MS, 1.7% of respondents demonstrated signs of depression and suffered from pain of varying intensity (44.5%). A decreased social activity was observed in 4% of NMS respondents.Conclusion. The data of QoL monitoring can be used for developing a multi-level scoring system for preventing health disorders among university students. Proposals were made concerning healthy lifestyle management. The model of dynamic monitoring of the health of university students exposed to various risk factors was supplemented. An individual route for rehabilitation and disease prevention for university students was developed based on the study of QoL.
ПЛАНУВАННЯ ПРОФЕСІЙНОГО РОЗВИТКУ ПУБЛІЧНИХ СЛУЖБОВЦІВ: ПРОБЛЕМИ ТА ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ
Authors: Долженков Олег 
Published: April 2023

Досліджено питання управління професійним розвитком на публічній службі. Виявлено, що посадове переміщення публічного службовця повинно здійснюватися з урахуванням його індивідуальних здібностей, професійної підготовки та результативності роботи, оптимального поєднання інтересів державного органу та державного службовця. Доведено необхідність вдосконалення існуючої вітчизняної системи публічної служби на основі використання сучасних підходів щодо створення ефективного механізму організаційного та кадрового забезпечення органів публічної влади в Україні.