bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ПРАВОВОЙ ПРИНЦИП КЛАССИФИКАЦИИ СОБСТВЕННЫХ ИМЁН И ЕГО РОЛЬ В СОХРАНЕНИИ ОНИМОСФЕРЫ
Authors: Мозговой Владимир Иванович 
Published: December 2022

В статье анализируется история классификаций собственных имен и их субъективных трансформаций, связанных с изменением онимосферы. Рассмотрены неправовые методы именований, акцентирующие идеологические оценки лексического значения слов, входящих в структуру отдельной проприальной единицы. Предлагается оригинальная методика классификации собственных имен исходя из соответствия их языковой формы внутреннему социальному содержанию. В ее основе лежит отношение номинатора к собственнику, на основании которого выделяется четыре типа собственных имен: собственные, метафорические, внесобственные и не собственные. Определяются правовые принципы, позволяющие обеспечить социально-правовую стабильность онимосферы: принцип статусной уникальности онимной единицы; принцип неприкосновенности собственного имени; принцип сохранения первичного или исторически сложившегося собственника.
КОНЦЕПТЫ «РУССКИЙ ЯЗЫК» И «АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК» В ЯЗЫКОВОМ СОЗНАНИИ СИБИРСКИХ СТУДЕНТОВ
Authors: Журавель Тамара Николаевна , Безбатченко Владимир Владимирович 
Published: December 2022

В статье рассматриваются результаты когнитивного исследования, проведенного среди студентов Сибирского федерального университета и Тувинского государственного университета. Целью данного исследования было представить структуру и содержание двух близких концептов – «русский язык» и «английский язык». В качестве материала были использованы ассоциации, полученные в ходе свободного ассоциативного эксперимента. В эксперименте приняли участие 118 студентов. Особенностью работы является то, что в качестве респондентов были задействованы как носители русского языка (58 человек), так и инофоны (60 человек). Это позволило дать анализ исследуемых концептов в сопоставлении. Основные результаты исследования: как русский, так и английский язык всеми респондентами воспринимается положительно; для обеих групп респондентов характерно воспроизводить устоявшиеся стереотипы о языке; карьерные устремления русскоязычные респонденты склонны связывать с английским языком, для инофонов такая оценка не характерна.
Ключевые слова: русский язык, английский язык, концепт, языковое сознание, когнитивистика, автостереотип, носители русского языка, инофоны
МЕЖДУНАРОДНАЯ НАУЧНАЯ КОНФЕРЕНЦИЯ ПО МОНГОЛЬСКОМУ И ТЮРКСКОМУ ЯЗЫКОЗНАНИЮ, ПОСВЯЩЕННАЯ ПАМЯТИ ВАЛЕНТИНА ИВАНОВИЧА РАССАДИНА
Authors: Бадмацыренова Надежда Бадмажаповна 
Published: December 2022

15–16 ноября 2022 г. в Бурятском государственном университете имени Доржи Банзарова состоялась Международная научная конференция по монгольскому и тюркскому языкознанию, посвященная памяти Валентина Ивановича Рассадина. Данная конференция стала одной из ряда знаковых мероприятий, приуроченных к 90-летию БГУ-БГПИ, 30-летию Восточного института, 30-летию кафедры филологии Центральной Азии В. И. Рассадин является выдающимся ученым с мировым именем, монголоведом, тюркологом, алтаистом, наставником, педагогом, просветителем. Доктор филологических наук, профессор, член-корреспондент РАЕН, заслуженный деятель науки Бурятской АССР, РСФСР и Республики Калмыкия, передовик науки Монголии, кавалер ордена Дружбы, ордена Полярной звезды В.И. Рассадин стоял у истоков монголоведения и востоковедения в Бурятском государственном университете, был основателем и первым заведующим кафедрой языков Центральной и Восточной Азии (ныне кафедра филологии Центральной Азии).
Allele Frequencies of Apolipoprotein E in a South Western Nigerian population on HAART
Authors: BAMIDELE Olabisi Titilayo , Olayanju Olatunde , Emuze Martin Ehizode , Akande Joel Olufunminiyi , Nduka Nonso , Eseile Bola Joyce , Olasehinde Olanrewaju , Kuti Modupe Akinrele 
Published: December 2022

Objective: Increasing evidence has shown that ApoE polymorphism is associated with the early onset of cardiovascular and neurological diseases in patients on HAART. The frequency of occurrence of the alleles and the genotypes vary by race and population. The study describes the pattern seen among adults in Ibadan, Nigeria.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 124 randomly selected HIV-infected persons on protease inhibitor therapy who receive care at the adult antiretroviral clinic of the University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan. DNA was extracted from leucocytes using EDTA blood. ApoE genotypes were determined using the Seeplex ApoE ACE genotyping kit. The epidemiological distribution of apoE is figured with a pie graph.
Results: About four-fifth (79%) of the participants were females while about two-thirds (68%) were below 50 years of age. The most frequently occurring allele was the ε3 allele (82.2%) and the most common ApoE genotype observed was ε3/ε3. This genotype was present in 52 (41.9%) of the participants. At least one allele of Apo ε2, Apo ε3, and Apo ε4 was present in 28(22.5%), 102 (82.2%), and 50 (40.3) of the study participants respectively. Homozygosity for Apo ε2 and Apo ε4 was observed in 4.8% and 8.0% of participants respectively.
Conclusions: Allelic frequency seen is similar to that described in other studied populations and the frequency of genotypes observed was also similar to those described among world populations with a higher observation of ApoE4 allele as seen in people of African descent.
Comparative assessment of the orthodontic wire’s friction coated with zinc oxide nanoparticles by two methods of chemical precipitation and hydrothermal process
Authors: Tanbakuchi Behrad , Kharrazi Sharmin , Nikfarjam Matin , Akhoundi Mohammad Sadegh Ahmad , Shahroudi Atefe Saffar 
Published: December 2022

Introduction: In orthodontic treatment with sliding technique, reduction of frictional forces could result in a more effective treatment. Recently, wire coating with nanoparticles were proposed to reduce frictional forces.
Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of coating wires with zinc oxide nanoparticle by two methods of chemical precipitation and direct hydrothermal process on the wire-bracket frictional force.
Materials and methods: In this study, 30 pieces of stainless-steel arch wire with and without zinc oxide nanoparticles and 30 metal brackets with a 0.022-inch slot were divided into three groups: group 1 – control (uncoated wires); group 2 – wires coated with zinc oxide nanoparticles, and group 3 – wires with a thin layer of nanostructured zinc oxide. In the first method, the nanoparticles were made by chemical precipitation method, and in the second method, nanostructure was directly formed on wires. Additionally, SEM observations were used to confirm the presence of nanoparticles on the wires. Friction between wires and brackets was measured using Universal Testing Machine. SPSS v. 20 and ANOVA test was used in order to analyze the data. The significance level was considered as p&lt;0.05.
Results: The mean value of frictional forces were 1.73 N, 1.52 N, and 1.56 N in the control group, chemical precipitation method group and thin layer of nanostructured zinc oxide group, respectively. There was no significant difference in friction rate between brackets and stainless-steel wire coated by any of these two methods (p=0.555).
Conclusion: Coating of orthodontic wires with zinc oxide nanoparticles can reduce friction with brackets during sliding. There was no difference in the established value of friction between coating of orthodontic wires with chemical precipitation method and thin layer coating method.
Analysis and evaluation of correlation between DNA polymorphism in the genes MTHFR, PAI-1 and serum creatinine, creatinine clearance and albumin/creatinine ratio in morning urine of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Nikolov Dimitar , Stoyanova Vili K. , Vladimirova-Kitova Ludmila , Linev Alexander , Nikolov Georgi , Kitov Spas 
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Diabetic nephropathy is a major microangiopathic complication of type 2 diabetes and a leading cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD).
Aim: To improve the diagnostic approach to early diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Materials and methods: One hundred fifty patients were divided into three groups. Group 1 consisted of 67 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) and diabetic nephropathy with stage 1 or 2 of CKD. Group 2 included 45 patients with DM2 without clinical and laboratory evidence for diabetic nephropathy. Group 3 had 38 healthy individuals. The polymorphism of the MTHFR C677T and PAI-14G/5G gene was determined by extracted genomic DNA from peripheral blood cells. All patients underwent a real-time PCR reaction. Serum creatinine, MDRD creatinine clearance, albumin/creatinine ratio were examined.
Results: The correlation analysis we performed showed a very strong correlation of serum creatinine, creatinine clearance and albumin/creatinine ratio with the C677T polymorphism of the MTHFR gene and the 4G/5G polymorphism of the PAI-1 gene. We used descriptive statistics, ANOVA, and multiple comparisons; the level of significance was set at p&lt;0.05.
Conclusions: 1. The presence of the T allele in the MTHFR gene determines the tendency to increase serum creatinine, decrease creatinine clearance, and increase the albumin/creatinine ratio in morning urine; 2. The presence of 4G allele in the PAI-1 gene determines the tendency to increase serum creatinine, decrease creatinine clearance, and increase the albumin/creatinine ratio in morning urine.
Microhardness change of human dental enamel due to power bleaching with different gels
Authors: Moradi Zohreh , Valizadeh Sara , Farhadi Elham , Asadollahi Yasaman , Noroozian Mohammad , Chiniforush Nasim 
Published: December 2022

Aim: Since the introduction of bleaching treatments in the office, different lights have been suggested to accelerate the bleaching reaction. This study aimed to evaluate the microhardness of tooth enamel after office bleaching using different materials.
Materials and methods: Thirty-three sound human upper premolars were randomly divided into 3 groups as follows (n=11): Group 1: Whitesmile HP40% gel with R&B LED light source with 3 W power output; Group 2: HP 35% Dr Smile gel with a 980 nm diode laser, 2 W power and continuous wavelength; Group 3: HP 40% Ultra boost gel according to factory instructions. Enamel surface microhardness was measured before and after the bleaching procedure in each group using the Vickers microhardness test. One-way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc tests were used for statistical analysis. We used a SEM microscope to examine the surface of one sample from each group and one sample as a negative control.
Results: In group 1, enamel microhardness increased remarkably (p=0.013) whereas in group 2 and group 3 enamel microhardness decreased. Enamel microhardness decreased in group 3 significantly (p=0.00) but its reduction in group 2 was not significant (p=0.833). SEM examination of the enamel surfaces after bleaching revealed erosion and surface porosities in group 1, enamel structure melting, and shallow porosities in group 2, and enamel prism exposure and etching in group 3.
Conclusions: Due to the limitations of the present study, power bleaching with HP40% Whitesmile gel with LED Monitex increases microhardness, so it can have better results for treatment in the clinic. Additionally, using Dr Smile gel with a 980 nm diode laser does not reduce surface microhardness.
SEM analysis of the endodontic cavity wall after removal of restorative materials used as temporary restoration
Authors: Andonov Bogomil , Dimitrova Silviya , Zagorchev Plamen , Draganova-Filipova Milena 
Published: December 2022

Aim: The aim of the present in vitro study was to analyze the endodontic cavity walls for presence of remnants of conventional glass ionomer cement and flowable light cure composite used as temporary restorative materials of endodontically treated teeth. The dentine surface of the access cavity was observed with scanning electron microscopy after the final removal of the temporary restoration using high-speed turbine and diamond bur or ultrasonic device and diamond tip.
Materials and methods: Twenty-one extracted intact human molars were selected for this study. Endodontic access, enlargement of the coronal one third of the root canals and standard irrigation were performed. Teeth were then restored with two different materials – conventional glass ionomer cement (Ketac Molar Easymix, 3M ESPE, USA) and flowable light cure composite (Vertise flow, KERR, USA) and divided in four groups according to the method of removal and type of material used for temporary restoration. One sample, positive for temporary material remnants, was used as a control group. After the removal of the restorative material, all specimens were prepared for SEM examination. Scanning Electron Microscopy (Prisma E SEM, Thermo Scientific, Eindhoven, The Netherlands) was used to examine the surface morphology of the samples. The samples were sputter-coated with gold using vacuum evaporator (JEOL JFC-1200). The images were recorded at 20 kV acceleration using various magnifications (×150, ×500, and ×1000).
Results and conclusions: Remnants were detected in all specimens, regardless of the material for temporary restoration or method of removal.
Levels of serum podocalyxin in preeclampsia and relationship with maternal echocardiographic and Doppler ultrasound parameters
Authors: Nikolov Asparuh G. , Popovski Nikola K. , Blazheva Svetla 
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Podocalyxin (PCX) is an indicator of glomerular injury. Aside from the kidney, it is expressed in the endothelial cells of various organs. Echographic examinations are useful in assessing the alterations in cardiovascular structure and function during pregnancy.
Aim: The aim of the present study was to evaluate PCX concentrations in preeclampsia (PE) and to investigate the existence of association between PCX levels and maternal echocardiographic and Doppler ultrasound parameters.
Materials and methods: Fifty-five women with PE were examined. The mean age of patients was 24.9±6 years; and the mean age of the control group of 35 women with normal pregnancies was 24.7±5.4 years. ELISA was used to determine concentrations of PCX. Echocardiographic assessment of all subjects was performed. In addition, umbilical (UmA) and uterine (UtA) artery pulsatility indices (PI) were evaluated.
Results: The levels of serum PCX in PE women were statistically significantly higher than those in women with normal pregnancy: 2.66±0.67 vs. 2.40±0.33 ng/ml (p=0.03). Cut-off value at 3 ng/ml was obtained for podocalyxin in order to discriminate between PE and healthy pregnancy. Logistic regression model was statistically significant: OR=3.226, (95% CI 1.084–9.599); (p=0.019). PCX correlated with systolic blood pressure (r=0.30; p=0.004), diastolic blood pressure (r=0.35; p=0.0007), UtA PI (r=0.30; p=0.004), UmA PI (r=0.21; p=0.047), IVS (r=0.32; p=0.002), and LVPWD (r=0.28; p=0.007).
Conclusions: Healthy pregnant women with PCX levels above the cut-off value of 3 ng/ml are at a higher risk for developing preeclampsia. Elevated PCX levels indicate three times higher probability for PE development than women with values below the cut-off value. PCX might be a promising marker for diagnosis and prognosis of PE.
Robotic gastrointestinal stromal tumors surgery - initial results
Authors: Ivanov Valentin , Dimov Luboslav , Strashilov Strahil , Milkov Denis , Dzalov Nikolai , Chervenkov Lyubomir 
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) usually present as an exophytic mass localized in stomach. Years ago, conventional surgery was the only option. Laparoscopic and robotic procedures have risen to prominence in recent decades as technology and surgical techniques have advanced.
Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and feasibility of robotic surgery of GIST.
Materials and methods: All patients who underwent robotic surgery for a GIST in the University Hospital Kaspela-Plovdiv between November 2021 and April 2022 were included. Post-operative course and short oncological outcomes were analyzed.
Results: Four patients with gastric GIST, median size 50 mm [40–70 mm], underwent robotic surgery. Conversion to open surgery not occurred. We have two cases with localization in corpus, one in antrum and one in the fundus. We have registered one complications- anastomotic leakage after proximal resection treated conservatively. In others, the post-operative period was uneventful. The average hospital stay was 8.2 (4-11) days. The median operating time was 255 min (220–320 min).
Conclusions: On basis of this initial results, we can conclude that robotic gastrointestinal tumors surgery is safe, feasible, and oncological sustained. Of course, one of the weakest sides of this surgery is prolonged operative time and increased expenses.
Richard W. Heard (February 14, 1939 &ndash; November 2, 2022)
Authors: Guțu Modest , Petrescu Iorgu 
Published: December 2022

Professor Dr. Richard Willis Heard, a longtime and outstanding collaborator of the &ldquo;Grigore Antipa&rdquo; National Museum of Natural History of Bucharest, passed away on November 2, 2022.
Richard was born on February 14, 1939 in Savannah, Georgia (USA). He was a graduate of Savannah Country Day School and attended the University of Georgia, receiving his BS and MS degree in Zoology. He received his PhD degree in Biology at the University of Southern Mississippi (1976). He worked for more than 35 years at the Gulf Coast Research Laboratory (The University of Southern Mississippi), passing through various hierarchical steps, up to that of Head of the Invertebrate&nbsp;Zoology Section. He was drawn to know the marine invertebrates of the Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean Sea, and western Atlantic Ocean. His research focused primarily on the study of peracarid crustaceans. Also he mentored many students and young researchers specializing in marine biology.
Un nouveau cachet à collyres découvert à Reims/Durocortorum
Authors: Pardon-Labonnelie Muriel , Cavé Magalie , Troublard Aurélie 
Published: December 2022

Un nouveau cachet à collyres, découvert lors de la fouille du complexe aqualudique de Reims en 2018, présente des caractéristiques morphologiques et épigraphiques particulièrement intéressantes pour l’histoire de la médecine. Ses magnifiques séries de lettres gravées en caractères rétrogrades confirment l’inscription de la médecine romaine dans la tradition thérapeutique grecque. Elles permettent en outre de découvrir un nouveau nom de collyre et la filiation professionnelle de deux praticiens. La découverte du cachet à collyres de Lucius Iulius Verus confirme ainsi la place incomparable de Reims/Durocortorum dans l’histoire de l’ophtalmologie gréco-romaine.
Un service de table en bronze et argent soigneusement rangé dans une cave à Reims/Durocortorum
Authors: Brunet Michaël , Médard Fabienne , Cavé Magalie , Sindonino Stéphane 
Published: December 2022

La fouille réalisée à Reims préalablement à la création de la première ligne de tramway a livré dans la cave d’une domus un exceptionnel ensemble d’argenterie daté entre la fin du iie s. et le iiie s. apr. J.‑C. Celui-ci comprend uniquement de la vaisselle en bronze revêtue d’une feuille d’argent, excepté quatre cuillères en argent massif. Situé entre les simples ensembles de table en bronze et ceux en argent massif produits en Italie, il est de valeur moyenne. Les décors sont en revanche caractéristiques des éléments de vaisselle en argent. Des graffitis sont visibles sur plusieurs pièces. Outre le précieux service de table, le phénomène le plus extraordinaire tient à l’état de conservation des textiles qui enveloppent chaque pièce. L’examen détaillé des tissus a révélé des zones en parfait état, permettant de schématiser la stratigraphie du dépôt. Probablement rangé dans une logette aménagée dans la cave, ce lot de vaisselle n’est pas le reflet d’une thésaurisation, mais témoigne d’un aspect de la vie quotidienne dans une domus au iiie s.
Freedom FM au Cameroun entre chimère et rêve brisé. Le flou juridique au service du verrouillage de l’entrepreneuriat radiophonique camerounais
Authors: Ngono Simon 
Published: December 2022

Cette recherche analyse les procédés de contrôle et de verrouillage de l’entrepreneuriat médiatique au Cameroun. À partir du cas Freedom FM de Pius Njawé, elle démontre qu’en fonction du positionnement et de la liberté de ton, le pouvoir politique officiel peut décider ou non de la création d’un média ou du retrait de la licence d’exploitation à un promoteur, parfois au mépris de la règlementation déjà en vigueur. Cette réflexion scientifique met en évidence comment le pouvoir se sert parallèlement et astucieusement du droit afin d’encadrer et bloquer la naissance de médias hostiles. Elle s’inscrit dans l’approche socio-politique et juridique des médias audiovisuels notamment de la radio en contexte camerounais.
Immunology of Interferons
Authors: Levy-Koenig R. E. , Mundy M. J. , Paucker K. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Rabbits immunized with protective interferons prepared in allogeneic RK 13 and SIRC cells failed to develop neutralizing antibodies against either, although parallel groups of animals responded well to repeated injections of xenogeneic interferon prepared in L cells, which is non-protective for the rabbit host. All interferons which were xenogeneic and non-protective for guinea pigs elicited antibodies in that species. Significant levels of neutralizing antibodies appeared also in rabbits following immunization with two protective interferons derived from xenogeneic (human) cells. Immunologic analysis of human interferons elicited in four different types of cells revealed that minor antigenic variations may be detectable by means of antibody neutralization assays.
Measurement of Rubella Antibody by Hemagglutination Inhibition
Authors: Liebhaber Harvey 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The variables which affect the qualitative and quantitative aspects of the interaction between fowl erythrocytes and rubella virus were defined and evaluated. The sensitivity of the hemagglutination reaction is at least tenfold greater at pH 6.0 to 6.5 than it is at pH 7.2, the pH of dextrose-gelatin-Veronal which is widely used as diluent for rubella hemagglutination (HA) and hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) tests. In the presence of 0.001 M Ca++ ion the reaction is two to eight times more sensitive than it is in the absence of Ca++ ion. The development of agglutinated and non-agglutinated RBC patterns that are stable and clearly distinguishable from one another is critically dependent upon the concentrations of gelatin and/or albumin in the diluent.
The diluents employed in previously published HAI test procedures differ widely with respect to pH, Ca++, gelatin and/or albumin concentration. The lack of comparability of HAI test results among laboratories may in part reflect these differences in diluent composition. In an effort to correct such difficulties, optimal conditions for the agglutination of fowl RBC by rubella virus were defined. A 0.14 M NaCl solution buffered with N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N'-2'-ethanesulfonic acid (HEPES) at pH 6.05 to 6.15, containing 0.001 M CaCl2, 1.0% bovine serum albumin and 0.00025% gelatin was shown to provide conditions for a maximally sensitive, stable and clear test. Under these conditions the outcome of the hemagglutination test is solely a function of the concentration of hemagglutinin in the test specimen.