bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pre-service Mathematics Teachers’ Errors and Misconceptions of Integer Operations
Authors: Owusu Alexander , Bornaa Christopher Saaha , Kwakye Dennis Offei , Iddrisu Abdulai Boare 
Published: March 2023

Purpose: This study investigated common errors and misconceptions made by some pre-service mathematics teachers of the St. Louis College of Education in Ghana about operations on integers. Errors associated with the misconceptions were also explored.
Methodology: The study employed mixed-method and sequential explanatory design, Diagnostic test instruments were designed and administered to sixty (60) pre-service mathematics teachers who offer specialized programmes in early grade (EG) and upper primary (UP).
Findings: The study identified common errors made by pre-service mathematics teachers as interpretation of the inequality symbols and , addition and subtraction of integers, multiplication and division of integers, problem-solving (word problems). The study also found introduction concept of operations on integers, interpretation of absolute value of integers, problems involving change in the order of operation of integers as common errors made by pre-service mathematics teachers. Furthermore, the study found problems involving more than one operation, over-reliance on calculator usage and rote-learning, and inability to formulate word problems as mathematics problem.
Conclusion: The study conclude that deficiency in the language was the course of their inability to solve word problems.
Recommendations: The study recommends that when solving word problems involving integers, pre-service mathematics teachers should take read over the problem thoroughly to understand the problem properly. Also, during teaching and learning of mathematics, particularly operations on integers, much attention must be given to helping learners to translate normal language into mathematics language to overcome language deficiency. The study suggest that similar study could be done in other Colleges of Education and institutions to expound the findings.
Género, filantropía y Caribe: desafíos operacionales de algunas entidades enfocadas en mujeres que abren camino a otras mujeres
Authors: RIVERA-HERNANDEZ MARIELY 
Published: March 2023

Este artículo aborda las condiciones en las que operan muchas organizaciones no lucrativas dedicadas a los asuntos de mujeres y niñas. Una muestra de entidades localizadas en Haití, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, República Dominicana y Venezuela que, como resultado, presenta el panorama de este “mapeo”, que, además, incluye donatarios.
Introducción: Un esfuerzo por cerrar la brecha de la desinformación y la falta de visibilidad de cientos de acciones ejecutadas por las mujeres en América Latina y el Caribe fue el objetivo de este trabajo. El objeto de estudio fueron entidades sin fines lucrativos y donatarios a través de una muestra de países caribeños.
Método: Se realizó un análisis documental, encuestas en línea, y entrevistas semiestructuradas. Además, se aplicaron métodos digitales netnográficos.
Resultados: Un 100% de las entidades afirma que los feminicidios son el problema prioritario. Por su parte, un 70% reconoce que necesita mejorar sus capacidades organizacionales y un 86% confirma la movilización de recursos filantrópicos para sus causas. Más del 70% de los donatarios dona a favor de las causas de mujeres y niñas, sin embargo, no lo realiza necesariamente con una conciencia de filantropía feminista.
Conclusiones: El estudio logra interconectar los conceptos de género y filantropía, a la vez que aporta al devenir de las entidades, y sus relaciones con donantes. Además, se identifica las formas de inversión de fuentes de financiamiento de donantes hilando si tras su inversión, existe, o no, una estrategia de filantropía feminista.
Pentingnya Menjaga Kelestarian Lingkungan Ditengah Maraknya Eksploitasi Sumber Daya Alam melalui Implementasi Green History Pembelajaran Sejarah
Authors: Nurdiantie Annida Syahida 
Published: March 2023

In the midst of the high needs of humans who depend on nature, many problems occur in the human environment. The main problem of the environment is the result of the continuous exploitation of natural resources due to the insistence on human needs which can damage the earth and the low character of environmental concern owned. Using the literature review method, the author examines the sources that have been obtained and then the sources are collected, then reviewed one by one with other sources as additional reference material so that the information obtained is broader and maximized then criticizes and provides views related to the materials in accordance with the author's understanding. The importance of preserving the environment means having awareness, concern, or attitude to always heed something that happens around humans, namely in the environment where they live. One of the efforts that can be made to grow this awareness is through the learning process, especially history learning through the implementation of Green History which in education has a lot of space to shape the character of students. History learning that is integrated with the conditions of the current environmental picture can increase students' awareness and understanding of the importance of preserving the environment amid the rampant environmental damage that occurs.
Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kepemimpinan dalam Pendidikan Islam
Authors: Safitri Amalia Nur Ajeng , Wicun Dina , Widyastuti Iis , Ma’shum Muhammad Azhar 
Published: March 2023

Education is a form of organization Here, success is largely determined by management and leadership factors. How big is this fact of leadership in education? Therefore, it is very important to improve the education management system and governance. Technology development is in line with social changes in society, and leadership also faces challenges that are consistent with those of technology development. This study is a literature review that looks at various references to find problems from that study. From the survey results conducted, the survey results are as follows. First, from a sociological point of view, leadership is leadership that faces challenges as technology advances. To address this, as a leader, you need to implement an fair system that maintains the core values ​​of Islam. Second, from a political point of view, leadership faces individuals, institutions, organizations, political parties, and leaders who face challenges with other institutions that meet those challenges at their request. is. Get ready and compete in a healthy way. Support from external or politically expected funding.
Prevalence and Patterns of Gene Mutations Associated with <i>M. tuberculosis</i> Resistance to Isoniazid and Rifampicin in Patients with Different Clinical Manifestations of Tuberculosis
Authors: Salina T. Yu. , Morozova T. I. 
Published: March 2023

The objective: to study prevalence and patterns of mutations in the katG, inhA, ahpC, rpoB genes associated with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) resistance to isoniazid (H) and rifampicin (R) in patients with various clinical manifestations of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB).Subjects and Methods. 441 sputum samples collected in tuberculosis patients were tested using biological microchips. Tests were carried out in Group 1 - patients with confirmed bacterial excretion (n = 256) and in Group 2 (n = 185) - patients without bacterial excretion. The same patients were enrolled in Group 3 - patients with acute progressing tuberculosis (n = 52) and Group 4 (n = 99) - patients with localized tuberculosis.Results. In Group 1, DNA of Mycobacterium tuberculosis was found in 79.3% of patients, in Group 2 - in 57.8%. Among all samples, mutations in the genes encoding resistance to isoniazid were detected in 15.5%, resistance to rifampicin - in 58.1%. Resistance to isoniazid was more often caused by mutations in the katG gene (49%) versus the inhA (29%) and ahpC (4.2%) genes. We found 13 most common types of mutations in the rpoB gene associated with resistance to rifampicin. The dominant mutations in both groups were Seu531->Leu mutations - 19.7% in Group 1 and 24.3% in Group 2. In Group 1, mutations in the katG gene (53.7%) were observed more often than mutations in the inhA gene (27.7%). In Group 3, mutations in the katG gene were registered in 30.8%, in the inhA gene - in 25%. There were no statistically significant differences in patterns of mutations in the katG, inhA, ahpC, rpoB genes between Groups 1, 2 and 3, 4. Thus, patients without bacterial excretion and patients with localized tuberculosis are a hidden dangerous reservoir of tuberculous mycobacteria with multiple drug resistance to rifampicin and drug resistance to isoniazid.
Impact of Multiple Drug Resistant Tuberculous Mycobacteria on the Outcomes of Lung Resection for Fibrous Cavernous Tuberculosis
Authors: Omelchuk D. E. , Krasnov D. V. , Petrenko T. I. , Bolshakova I. A. , Dyurlyukova A. A. 
Published: March 2023

The objective: to study the impact of multiple drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB) on the outcomes of comprehensive treatment with surgical resection of fibrous cavernous pulmonary tuberculosis.Subjects and Methods. A prospective retrospective cohort study was performed; 526 HIV negative patients with unilateral fibrous cavernous tuberculosis who underwent lung resection were enrolled in the study. Patients were divided into two groups: multiple drug resistant tuberculosis - 216 subjects, drug susceptible tuberculosis - 310 subjects. Each group was divided into three subgroups: with the low (MDR TB - 105 subjects; DS TB 221 subjects), moderate (MDR TB - 67 subjects; DS TB - 68 subjects) and high activity (MDR TB - 44 subjects; DS TB - 21 subjects) of tuberculous inflammation.Results. The chances of adverse outcomes of comprehensive treatment with surgical resections of fibrous cavernous pulmonary tuberculosis are 2.5 times higher in MDR TB Group versus DS TB Group (p < 0.001; χ2, OR = 2.5; 95% CI 1.6-3.9). At the time of the surgery, among patients with MDR TB, there were significantly more patients with moderate and high activity of tuberculous inflammation versus DS TB Group (p < 0.001; χ2). When comparing the groups of patients with a homogeneous degree of tuberculous inflammation activity, no significant impact of MDR TB on the outcomes of comprehensive treatment with resections was found. However, the course of the postoperative period differed, in MDR TB Group, pleural cavity empyema (OR = 3.1; 95% CI 1.7-5.5) and tuberculosis exacerbations (OR = 4.7; 95% - CI 2.1-10.7) were significantly more frequent compared to DS TB Group.
Nightmare of Coronary Wire Loop Jail from Side Branch to Main Vessel during Primary Percutaneous Coronary Interventions
Authors: Kumar Mukesh , Naeem Mengal Muhammad , Asif Ali Taimur , Qurban Ali Khawaja Rizwan 
Published: March 2023

Background: Guide wire breakage and entrapment inside the coronary circulation are rare but extremely dangerous complications of coronary intervention that can be life-threatening by resulting in embolization of thrombi, perforation of the coronary vasculature, and thrombus development.
Case Presentation: A male patient who developed a complication of left circumflex artery guide wire looped and trapped under left anterior descending artery (LAD) stent during Primary PCI and went for emergency cardiac surgery for removal.
Management & Results: Guide wire entrapment during the intervention should always consider this as a risk factor, especially when intervening in the tortuous coronary vasculature, and it is important to keep several wires, snare wires, and a surgical team on board as a backup.
Conclusion: Although guide wire entanglement infrequently occurs during interventions, interventionists should always be on the lookout for it, especially in patients with convoluted coronary arteries. Before working on these patient's coronary arteries, it's essential to have a surgical team, lots of wires, and snare wires on hand. These preventative measures may be effective in reducing death and morbidity under adverse conditions.
Impact of Early Successful Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention on Left Ventricular Systolic Function in ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction Patients
Authors: Rehanul Haq Muhammad , Tareen Mujeebullah , Tareen Mukesh , Hakeem Abdul , Kumar Rajesh , Saghir Tahir , Nadeem Hassan Rizvi Syed 
Published: March 2023

Background: Treatment delay is considered to be one of the important predictors of survival in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). We investigated the impact of early successful PPCI for STEMI patients on left ventricular ejection fraction.
Methodology: This prospective study was carried out on 50 patients having STEMI undergoing PPCI in NICVD Karachi. Patients were divided into two groups, Group A, early presenter, patients received treatment with PPCI within six hours of the onset of symptoms, and group B, late presenter, patients received treatment after six hours up to twenty-four hours of the onset of symptoms.
Results: Group A patients showed promising results, having achieved TIMI grade III flow in 100%, whereas 85% of patients achieved TIMI grade III flow in group B (P = 0.02). There was a statistical difference between the two groups. Using Independent sample T-Test Group A patients showed improved LVEF as compared to Group B (at presentation 45.49±3.99% vs. 35.25±3.85%; P = 0.001 and at 3 months follow up 55.66±0.92% vs. 45.75±1.44%; P = 0.001).
Conclusion: Early PPCI treatment of STEMI patients can lead to improved TIMI grade flow and LVEF. Efforts must be made to shorten the delay in reperfusion therapy.
Globalisation and Rural Landscape Change - Key Concepts, Development Trends and Some Implications for Policy
Authors: Primdahl Jørgen , Swaffield Simon 
Published: March 2023

Os factores-chave e a agenda política, associados tanto com a globalização como com a transformação da paisagem rural, são identificados e revistos. È apresentada uma tipologia de paisagem, baseada no equilíbrio entre intensidade de produção e a influência da urbanização. Os dois principais factores de mudança da política global, as agendas de mercado e da sustentabilidade, são descritos, e a sua influência nas paisagens rurais discutida. Seis exemplos de paisagens agrícolas de diferentes países e situações são analisadas e os padrões de transformação que caracterizam estas paisagens são revistos. Há convergência entre paisagens com condições similares de produção, entre as diferentes regiões e países. Argumenta-se que as duas agendas políticas influenciam de forma desigual os diferentes tipos de paisagem. São revistas brevemente as recentes iniciativas políticas e é proposta uma abordagem baseada na identificação de uma combinação óptima de políticas para os quatro diferentes tipos de paisagem.
La participation des Communautés et des Régions belges à la procédure de conclusion de l’AECG ou comment le fédéralisme belge a permis d’amender l’AECG
Authors: Lejeune Yves 
Published: March 2023

Parce que l’Accord économique et commercial global (AECG) recouvre des « compétences partagées » entre l’Union européenne et ses États membres, il a dû être signé et devra être ratifié par l’Union et par ses États, dont la Belgique. Les collectivités fédérées de Belgique ont participé indirectement à la conclusion de l’AECG en vertu du principe constitutionnel de parallélisme des compétences internes et externes. Lorsqu’il signe pareil traité, le ministre fédéral doit, pour engager aussi tous les gouvernements des collectivités fédérées, disposer de pleins pouvoirs décernés par ces gouvernements.
Or, la Commission européenne avait négocié l’AECG sans y associer les États membres de l’Union ni a fortiori les Communautés et Régions belges. Quand les négociations prirent fin, les parlements de Wallonie et de trois autres collectivités fédérées s’opposèrent à ce que leurs gouvernements accordent au ministre fédéral les pleins pouvoirs tant que les revendications de très nombreuses organisations non gouvernementales belges n’auraient pas été satisfaites. À défaut, ces parlements refuseraient d’approuver l’Accord, ce qui interdirait constitutionnellement à l’exécutif fédéral de le ratifier et empêcherait ainsi l’AECG d’entrer en vigueur. Cet astucieux mécanisme donna au gouvernement wallon voix au chapitre lors de négociations de dernière minute, qui aboutirent à la révision de l’« instrument interprétatif commun » du traité et à l’établissement de plusieurs déclarations unilatérales de la Commission et du Conseil ou de la Belgique. L’instrument interprétatif fut accepté par le gouvernement canadien. Les déclarations unilatérales des institutions européennes firent connaître les engagements de celles-ci concernant, entre autres, le respect du principe de précaution et l’amélioration du système juridictionnel de protection des investissements. La déclaration de la Belgique énonça les dernières conditions mises par plusieurs collectivités fédérées belges à l’octroi de pleins pouvoirs au ministre fédéral pour la signature du traité.
En somme, la combinaison des règles constitutionnelles belges protectrices de l’autonomie internationale des Communautés et des Régions avec les règles du droit de l’Union européenne relatives à la procédure de conclusion des traités de libre-échange a contraint les institutions européennes et le gouvernement belge à tenir compte de préoccupations de la « société civile » que le gouvernement fédéral belge s’était obstiné à ne pas entendre.
Numérique et bien-être des enseignants du premier degré
Authors: Jaillet Alain , Jeannin Laurent 
Published: March 2023

L’analyse de deux enquêtes en direction des enseignants au cours du programme TNE (Territoire Numérique Éducatif) de l’État français (2021) dans le cadre du plan de relance après les premiers confinements, permet d’étudier les liens entre le bien-être, le stress et les relations avec les élèves, du point de vue des conditions de leurs praxis numériques au regard du modèle proposé par Viac et Fraser (OCDE, 2020). Une double analyse statistique a été mise en oeuvre. Le résultat saillant est que les conditions de l’environnement des pratiques professionnelles de l’enseignant du premier degré, chez lui et à l’école, et sa pratique numérique ancrée dans une praxis « ordinaire », sont des facteurs d’influence sur son bien-être et stress déclaré.
Abnormal mechanical stress on bicuspid aortic valve induces valvular calcification and inhibits Notch1/NICD/Runx2 signal
Authors: Li Guangzhou , Shen Na , Deng Huifang , Wang Yixuan , Kong Gangcheng , Shi Jiawei , Dong Nianguo , Deng Cheng 
Published: March 2023

Background
Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is a congenital cardiac deformity, increasing the risk of developing calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD). The disturbance of hemodynamics can induce valvular calcification, but the mechanism has not been fully identified.

Methods
We constructed a finite element model (FEM) of the aortic valve based on the computed tomography angiography (CTA) data from BAV patients and tricuspid aortic valve (TAV) individuals. We analyzed the hemodynamic properties based on our model and investigated the characteristics of mechanical stimuli on BAV. Further, we detected the expression of Notch, NICD and Runx2 in valve samples and identified the association between mechanical stress and the Notch1 signaling pathway.

Results
Finite element analysis showed that at diastole phase, the equivalent stress on the root of BAV was significantly higher than that on the TAV leaflet. Correspondingly, the expression of Notch1 and NICH decreased and the expression of Runx2 elevated significantly on large BAV leaflet belly, which is associated with equivalent stress on leaflet. Our findings indicated that the root of BAV suffered higher mechanical stress due to the abnormal hemodynamic environment, and the disturbance of the Notch1/NICD/Runx2 signaling pathway caused by mechanical stimuli contributed to valvular calcification.
Introducing the Clique-Safe Domination in Graphs
Authors: Liwat John Mark R. , Eballe Rolito G. 
Published: March 2023

Let G = (V (G), E(G)) be any finite, undirected, simple graph. A set D \(\subseteq\) V (G) is introduced in this paper as a clique-safe dominating set of G if D is a dominating set of G and for every clique D\(\prime\)m of size m in the subgraph induced by V (G) \D, there exists a clique Dn of size n in the subgraph induced by D such that n \(\ge\) m. The clique-safe domination number of G, denoted by \(\gamma\)cs (G) is the smallest cardinality of a clique-safe dominating set of G. This study aims to generate a few elementary properties of the parameter and to characterize the minimum clique-safe dominating sets of paths and cycles. As a consequence, the clique-safe domination numbers of the aforesaid graphs are obtained.
Efficacy of Bio-pesticides and Newer Insecticides against Major Insect Pests of Cauliflower
Authors: Mandal S. K. , Prasad Surendra , Kumar Manoj 
Published: March 2023

A field trail Comprising of nine insecticides conducted at farmer’s field in endemic area of pests on cauliflower in Siwan district of Bihar during 2018-19. Data revealed that Indoxacarb 14.5 SC @1.0 ml/L of water was found to be most effective insecticides on major pests of cauliflower i.e. leaf webber (41.06% reduction), tobacco caterpillar (48.91% reduction), Diamond Back Moth (64.40% reduction) and aphid (69.96% reduction) over farmer’s practices (chlorpyriphas 20 EC @ 1.5 ml/L of water) i.e. 24.67% 27.86%, 32.47% and 34.81% reduction of leaf webber, tobacco caterpillar, Diamond Back Moth and aphid, respectively. Similarly, significantly highest yield (144.26 q/ha) produced cauliflower in treatment of Indoxacarb 14.5 SC. However, Cost-benefit analysis revealed that highest cost-benefit ratio of 1:11.15 in treatment of Cartap hydrochloride 50 SP @ 1.0gm/L of water followed by Thiodicarb 75 WP @ 1.0g/L (1:9.39), Indoxacarb 14.5 SC @ 1.0 ml/L (1: 7.96), Emamectin benzoate 5 WSG @ 0.25 gm/L (1:7.22), Novaluran 10 EC @ 1.0 ml/L (1:6.48), Spinosad 45 SC @0.33 ml/L (1:6.34), Avemectin 1.9 EC @ 0.5 ml/L (1:5.57), Azadirachtin 0.15% @ 4 ml/L ( 1:4.10) and farmer’s practices (1:3.10), respectively.