bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expanding the Australian Newborn Blood Spot Screening Program using genomic sequencing: do we want it and are we ready?
Authors: White Stephanie , Mossfield Tamara , Fleming Jane , Barlow-Stewart Kristine , Ghedia Sondhya , Dickson Rebecca , Richards Fiona , Bombard Yvonne , Wiley Veronica 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSince the introduction of genome sequencing in medicine, the factors involved in deciding how to integrate this technology into population screening programs such as Newborn Screening (NBS) have been widely debated. In Australia, participation in NBS is not mandatory, but over 99.9% of parents elect to uptake this screening. Gauging stakeholder attitudes towards potential changes to NBS is vital in maintaining this high participation rate. The current study aimed to determine the knowledge and attitudes of Australian parents and health professionals to the incorporation of genomic sequencing into NBS programs. Participants were surveyed online in 2016 using surveys adapted from previous studies. The majority of parents (90%) self-reported some knowledge of NBS, with 77% expressing an interest in NBS using the new technology. This was significantly lower than those who would utilise NBS using current technologies (99%). Although, many health professionals (62%) felt that new technologies should currently not be used as an adjunct to NBS, 79% foresaw the use of genomic sequencing in NBS by 2026. However, for genomic sequencing to be considered, practical and technical challenges as well as parent information needs were identified including the need for accurate interpretation of data; pre-and post-test counselling; and appropriate parental consent and opt-out process. Therefore, although some support for implementing genomic sequencing into Australian NBS does exist, there is a need for further investigation into the ethical, social, legal and practical implications of introducing this new technology as a replacement to current NBS methods.
A fault diagnosis method for building electrical systems based on the combination of variational modal decomposition and new mutual dimensionless
Authors: Xiong Jianbin , Qian Wenbo , Cen Jian , Li Jianxin , Liu Jie , Tang Liaohao 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe fault diagnosis of building electrical systems are of great significance to the safe and stable operation of modern intelligent buildings. In this paper, it has many problems, such as various fault types, inconspicuous fault characteristics, uncertainty of fault type and mode, irregularity, unstable signal, large gap between fault data classes, small gap between classes and nonlinearity, etc. A method of building electrical system fault diagnosis based on the combination of variational mode decomposition and mutual dimensionless indictor (VMD-MDI) and quantum genetic algorithm-support vector machine (QGA-SVM) is proposed. Firstly, the method decomposes the original signal through variational modal decomposition to obtain the optimal number of Intrinsic Mode Function(IMF) containing fault feature information. Secondly, extracts the mutual dimensionless indicator for each IMF. Thirdly, the optimal penalty coefficient C of the support vector machine and the parameter gamma ($$\gamma$$
γ
) in the radial basis kernel function are selected by the quantum genetic algorithm. Finally, SVM optimized by the QGA is used to identify and classify the faults. By applying the proposed method to the experimental platform data of building electrical system, and compared with the traditional feature extraction method Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD), Singular Value Decomposition(SVD), Local Mean Decomposition(LMD). And compared with traditional SVM, Genetic Algorithm optimized Support Vector Machine (GA-SVM), One-Dimensional Convolutional Neural Network (1DCNN) for fault classification methods. The experimental results show that the method has better effect and higher accuracy in fault diagnosis and classification of building electrical system. Its average test accuracy can reach 91.67$$\%$$
%
.
Voice Onset Time in Children With and Without Vocal Fold Nodules
Authors: Colletti Lauren , Heller Murray Elizabeth 
Published: March 2023

Purpose:
Voice onset time (VOT) of voiceless consonants provides information on the coordination of the vocal and articulatory systems. This study examined whether vocal−articulatory coordination is affected by the presence of vocal fold nodules (VFNs) in children.

Method:
The voices of children with VFNs (6–12 years) and age- and gender-matched vocally healthy controls were examined. VOT was calculated as the time between the voiceless stop consonant burst and the vocal onset of the vowel. Measures of the average VOT and VOT variability, defined as the coefficient of variation, were calculated. The acoustic measure of dysphonia, cepstral peak prominence (CPP), was also calculated. CPP provides information about the overall periodicity of the signal, with more dysphonic voices having lower CPP values.

Results:
There were no significant differences in either average VOT or VOT variability between the VFN and control groups. VOT variability and average VOT were both significantly predicted by the interaction between Group and CPP. There was a significant negative correlation between CPP and VOT variability in the VFN group, but no significant relationship was found in the control group.

Conclusions:
Unlike previous studies with adults, there were no group differences in average VOT or VOT variability in this study. However, children with VFNs who were more dysphonic had increased VOT variability, suggestive of a relationship between dysphonia severity and control of vocal onset during speech production.
Weighted ensemble learning for real‐time short‐term voltage stability assessment with phasor measurements data
Authors: Babaali Amir Hossein , Ameli Mohammad Taghi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractVoltage stability assessment based on machine learning has become an important challenge in power systems. This paper presents real‐time short‐term voltage stability (STVS) assessment based on phasor measurement unit (PMU) data and machine learning (ML). The database is created through time series of measurement data to involve system time‐temporal and dynamics. Then multiple operating states of the power system are classified through the calculation of the Lyapunov exponent and dynamic voltage index according to the database. This paper presents a weighted combination of random forest (RF) and LightGBM (LGBM) classifiers to train a time‐series database. One of the main advantages of this paper is using the gradient concept in data preprocessing, which has enhanced performance metrics and reduced the defect of data noise. Also, hyperparameter optimization is conducted to improve machine performance. Studies on the IEEE 118bus and a real local grid (RLG) demonstrate that the proposed method improves the performance metrics such as accuracy and F1‐score. Also, this approach is robust against PMU data noise and topology changes in the network.
A lightweight network of near cotton‐coloured impurity detection method in raw cotton based on weighted feature fusion
Authors: Xu Tao , Ma Aisong , Lv Huan , Dai Yang , Lin Shoujin , Tan Haihui 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe objective is to improve the recognition rate of white and near cotton‐coloured impurities in raw cotton against a single white visible light source background. A lightweight detection network model without anchor boxes based on improved YOLO v4‐tiny is proposed in this paper based on weighted feature fusion (WFF). The WFF strategy was used to improve the detection accuracy of the improved YOLO v4‐tiny algorithm. Meanwhile, to address the disadvantage that the anchor boxes obtained by the K‐means algorithm clustering do not have global features, the anchor‐free and tiny decoupled head schemes are used instead of the traditional coupled detection head. The improved algorithm was validated on the PASCAL VOC2012 dataset and the self‐built raw cotton impurity dataset collected by high‐speed camera. On the raw cotton impurity test set, compared to the original YOLO v4‐tiny model, the mean average precision (mAP) and frames per second (FPS) of the improved model increased by 10.35% and 6.9%, respectively. The proposed model detects white and near cotton‐coloured impurities with an accuracy of up to 98.78% and 98.00%. The experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively detect and identify impurities in raw cotton, which is of great practical significance for foreign matter detection and identification in cotton.
The Einstein Telescope: Status of the project
Authors: Chiummo Antonino 
Published: March 2023

After the groundbreaking ﬁrst detection of Gravitational Waves by the LIGO/Virgo Collaborations, the design of the third generation of gravitation wave interferometric antennas has gained a substantial interest and momentum. The Cosmic Explorer in the US and the European Einstein Telescope (ET) are the instruments which will take the legacy of the current generation and further advance the reach of the GW antennas, both in terms of explored Universe and of type of accessible sources. The talk focused on the status of the design of the Einstein Telescope, its technical challenges and the expected implications to the Gravitational Wave Astronomy progress.
The paper reﬂects the content and the status of the ET project at the time of the talk given at RICAP22.
Lokaltherapie chronischer Wunden: Das M.O.I.S.T. Konzept
Authors: Dissemond Joachim , Assenheimer Bernd , Gerber Veronika , Kurz Peter , Läuchli Severin , Panfil Eva-Maria , Probst Sebastian , Traber Jürg , Strohal Robert 
Published: March 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Behandlung von Patienten mit chronischen Wunden ist weiterhin eine interdisziplinär und interprofessionell relevante Herausforderung. Die Grundlage einer erfolgreichen Therapie der Betroffenen basiert auf der Behandlung der zugrunde liegenden, pathophysiologisch relevanten Erkrankungen. Zusätzlich sollte aber auch immer eine lokale Wundtherapie erfolgen, um die Wundheilung zu unterstützen und Komplikationen zu vermeiden. Um die Vielzahl von Wundprodukten besser strukturieren zu können, wurde durch eine multidisziplinäre Expertengruppe von WundDACH, dem Dachverband deutschsprachiger Fachgesellschaften, das M.O.I.S.T.-Konzept entwickelt. Hier beschreibt M das Exsudatmanagement (Moisture balance), O die Sauerstoffzufuhr (Oxygenation), I die Infektionskontrolle (Infection control), S die Unterstützung des Heilungsprozesses (Support) und T das Gewebemanagement (Tissue management).Das M.O.I.S.T.-Konzept soll Therapeuten eine Hilfestellung bei der systematischen Planung und auch für die Edukation im Hinblick auf die Lokaltherapie von Patienten mit chronischen Wunden bieten. Hier wird nun das Update 2022 dieses Konzeptes erstmalig vorgestellt.
Quantification of Portal Vein Vascularization Using an Automated
Post-Processing Video Analysis Tool
Authors: Blank Valentin , Heni Maria , Karlas Thomas 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose Blood flow dynamics represent a diagnostic criterion for many
diseases. However, no established reference standard is available. In clinical
practice, ultrasound pulsed-wave Doppler (PW-Doppler) is frequently used to
assess visceral blood flow, despite its well-known limitations. A quantitative
analysis of conventional color Doppler patterns can be performed using an
innovative ultrasound-based algorithm (pixel flow analysis, PFA). This tool
already shows promising results in obstetrics, but the technique has not yet
been evaluated for portal venous blood flow assessment.
Methods This prospective exploratory research study evaluated the
applicability of PFA in the portal venous system. Measurements of portal venous
flow using PFA and PW-Doppler were compared in healthy volunteers (n=20)
and in patients with hepatic steatosis (n=10) and liver cirrhosis
(n=10).
Results In healthy volunteers (60% female, mean age 23 years, BMI
21.5 kg/m2 [20.4–23.8]), PFA and
PW-Doppler showed a strong positive correlation in fasting conditions
(r=0.69; 95% CI 0.36–0.87), recording a median blood
flow of 834 ml/min (624–1066) and
718 ml/min (620–811), respectively. PFA was also
applicable in patients with chronic liver diseases (55% female, age 65
years (55–72); BMI 27.8 kg/m2
(25.4–30.8)), but the correlation between PFA and PW-Doppler was poor
(r=− 0.09) in the subgroup with steatosis. A better
correlation (r=0.61) was observed in patients with liver cirrhosis.
Conclusion PFA and PW-Doppler assessment of portal venous vascularization
showed high agreement in healthy volunteers and patients with liver cirrhosis.
Therefore, PFA represents a possible alternative to conventional PW-Doppler
sonography for visceral blood flow diagnostics and merits further
evaluation.
Prazosin Protects the Liver Against Renal
Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Rats
Authors: Khajepour Fatemeh , Mahmoodpoor Fariba , Jafari Elmira , Kakaei Farzad , Bahraminia Farina , Aghajani Shadi , Vahed Sepideh Zununi , Bagheri Yasin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAcute kidney injury (AKI) is a common subsequent problem after many medical
conditions. AKI is associated with distant organ dysfunction where systemic
inflammation and oxidative stress play major roles. In this study, the effect of
Prazosin, an α1-Adrenergic receptor antagonist, was investigated on the
liver injury induced by kidney ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) in rats. Male
adult Wistar rats (n=21) were divided into three groups: sham, kidney
I/R, and kidney I/R pre-treated with Prazosin
(1 mg/kg). Kidney I/R was induced by vascular clamping
of the left kidney for 45 min to reduce the blood flow. Oxidative and
antioxidant factors along with apoptotic (Bax, Bcl-2, caspase3), and
inflammatory (NF-κβ, IL-1β, and IL-6) factors were
measured in the liver at protein levels. Prazosin could reserve liver function
(p<0.01) and increase glutathione level (p<0.05) after kidney
I/R significantly. Malonil dialdehyde (MDA), a lipid peroxidation
marker, was diminished more significantly in Prazosin-treated rats compared to
the kidney I/R group (p<0.001). Inflammatory and apoptotic
factors were diminished by Prazosin pre-treatment in the liver tissue
(p<0.05). Pre-administration of Prazosin could preserve liver function
and decrease its inflammatory and apoptotic factors under kidney I/R
conditions.
Characterizing Osteochondral Allograft Biomechanics for Optimizing Transplant Success: A Systematic Review
Authors: Luk Josephine , Troyer Luke , Guess Trent M. , Teixeiro Emma , Stannard James P. , Cook James L. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractOsteochondral allograft (OCA) transplantation has been largely successful in treating symptomatic articular cartilage lesions; however, treatment failures persist. While OCA biomechanics have been consistently cited as mechanisms of treatment failure, the relationships among mechanical and biological variables that contribute to success after OCA transplantation have yet to be fully characterized. The purpose of this systematic review was to synthesize the clinically relevant peer-reviewed evidence targeting the biomechanics of OCAs and the impact on graft integration and functional survival toward developing and implementing strategies for improving patient outcomes. The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, MEDLINE, PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health (CINAHL), Google Scholar, and EMBASE were searched to identify articles for systematic review. This review of relevant peer-reviewed literature provided evidence that the biomechanics related to OCA transplantation in the knee have direct and indirect effects on functional graft survival and patient outcomes. The evidence suggests that biomechanical variables can be optimized further to enhance benefits and mitigate detrimental effects. Each of these modifiable variables should be considered regarding indications, patient selection criteria, graft preservation methodology, graft preparation, transplantation, fixation techniques, and prescribed postoperative restriction and rehabilitation protocols. Criteria, methods, techniques, and protocols should target OCA quality (chondrocyte viability, extracellular matrix integrity, material properties), favorable patient and joint characteristics, rigid fixation with protected loading, and innovative ways to foster rapid and complete OCA cartilage and bone integration to optimize outcomes for OCA transplant patients.
Multi-mode analysis of surface losses in a superconducting microwave resonator in high magnetic fields
Authors: Braine T. , Rybka G. , Baker A. A. , Brodsky J. , Carosi G. , Du N. , Woollett N. , Knirck S. , Jones M. ,   ADMX Collaboration
Published: March 2023

This paper reports on a surface impedance measurement of a bulk metal niobium–titanium superconducting radio frequency (SRF) cavity in a magnetic field (up to 10 T). A novel method is employed to decompose the surface resistance contributions of the cylindrical cavity end caps and walls using measurements from multiple TM cavity modes. The results confirm that quality factor degradation of a NbTi SRF cavity in a high magnetic field is primarily from surfaces perpendicular to the field (the cavity end caps), while parallel surface resistances (the walls) remain relatively constant. This result is encouraging for applications needing high Q cavities in strong magnetic fields, such as the Axion Dark Matter eXperiment because it opens the possibility of hybrid SRF cavity construction to replace conventional copper cavities.
The asymmetric valence-bond-solid states in quantum spin chains: The difference between odd and even spins
Authors: Maekawa Daisuke , Tasaki Hal 
Published: March 2023

The qualitative difference in low-energy properties of spin S quantum antiferromagnetic chains with integer S and half-odd-integer S discovered by Haldane [F. D. M. Haldane, arXiv:1612.00076 (1981); Phys. Lett. A 93, 464–468 (1983); Phys. Rev. Lett. 50, 1153–1156 (1983)] and Tasaki [Tasaki, Graduate Texts in Physics (Springer, 2020)] can be intuitively understood in terms of the valence-bond picture proposed by Affleck et al. [I. Affleck, Phys. Rev. Lett. 59, 799 (1987); Commun. Math. Phys. 115, 477–528 (1988)]. Here, we develop a similarly intuitive diagrammatic explanation of the qualitative difference between chains with odd S and even S, which is at the heart of the theory of symmetry-protected topological (SPT) phases. (There is a 24 min video in which the essence of the present work is discussed: https://youtu.be/URsf9e_PLlc.) More precisely, we define one-parameter families of states, which we call the asymmetric valence-bond solid (VBS) states, that continuously interpolate between the Affleck–Kennedy–Lieb–Tasaki (AKLT) state and the trivial zero state in quantum spin chains with S = 1 and 2. The asymmetric VBS state is obtained by systematically modifying the AKLT state. It always has exponentially decaying truncated correlation functions and is a unique gapped ground state of a short-ranged Hamiltonian. We also observe that the asymmetric VBS state possesses the time-reversal, the Z2×Z2, and the bond-centered inversion symmetries for S = 2 but not for S = 1. This is consistent with the known fact that the AKLT model belongs to the trivial SPT phase if S = 2 and to a nontrivial SPT phase if S = 1. Although such interpolating families of disordered states were already known, our construction is unified and is based on a simple physical picture. It also extends to spin chains with general integer S and provides us with an intuitive explanation of the essential difference between models with odd and even spins.
An optoelectronic muscle contraction sensor for prosthetic hand application
Authors: Sharma Neeraj , Prakash Alok , Sharma Shiru 
Published: March 2023

Surface electromyography (sEMG) is considered an established means for controlling prosthetic devices. sEMG suffers from serious issues such as electrical noise, motion artifact, complex acquisition circuitry, and high measuring costs because of which other techniques have gained attention. This work presents a new optoelectronic muscle (OM) sensor setup as an alternative to the EMG sensor for precise measurement of muscle activity. The sensor integrates a near-infrared light-emitting diode and phototransistor pair along with the suitable driver circuitry. The sensor measures skin surface displacement (that occurs during muscle contraction) by detecting backscattered infrared light from skeletal muscle tissue. With an appropriate signal processing scheme, the sensor was able to produce a 0–5 V output proportional to the muscular contraction. The developed sensor depicted decent static and dynamic features. In detecting muscle contractions from the forearm muscles of subjects, the sensor showed good similarity with the EMG sensor. In addition, the sensor displayed higher signal-to-noise ratio values and better signal stability than the EMG sensor. Furthermore, the OM sensor setup was utilized to control the rotation of the servomotor using an appropriate control scheme. Hence, the developed sensing system can measure muscle contraction information for controlling assistive devices.
Multi-angle in
situ dynamic light scattering at a neutron spin echo spectrometer
Authors: Vögl F. , Balacescu L. , Holderer O. , Pasini S. , Staringer S. , Brandl G. , Ossovyi V. , Feilbach H. , Müller-Buschbaum P. , Stadler A. M. , Fitter J. , Schrader T. E. 
Published: March 2023

A new sample environment, called Bio-Oven, has been built for the Neutron Spin Echo (NSE) Spectrometer J-NSE Phoenix. It provides active temperature control and the possibility to perform Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) measurements during the neutron measurement. DLS provides diffusion coefficients of the dissolved nanoparticles, and thus one can monitor the aggregation state of the sample on a time scale of minutes during the spin echo measurement times on the order of days. This approach helps to validate the NSE data or to replace the sample when its aggregation state influences the spin echo measurement results. The new Bio-Oven is an in situ DLS setup based on optical fibers decoupling the free space optics around the sample cuvette in a lightproof casing from the laser sources and the detectors. It collects light from three scattering angles simultaneously. Six different values of momentum transfer can be accessed by switching between two different laser colors. Test experiments were performed with silica nanoparticles with diameters ranging from 20 nm up to 300 nm. Their hydrodynamic radii were determined from DLS measurements and compared with the ones obtained by a commercial particle sizer. It was demonstrated that also the static light scattering signal can be processed and gives meaningful results. The protein sample apomyoglobin was used for a long-term test and in a first neutron measurement using the new Bio-Oven. The results prove that the aggregation state of the sample can be followed using in situ DLS along with the neutron measurement.