bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inclusion, characteristics and methodological limitations of systematic reviews in doctoral theses: A cross‐sectional study of all universities in Sweden
Authors: Ringsten M. , Färnqvist K. , Bruschettini M. , Johansson M. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIntroA systematic review (SR) attempts to find, assess and summarize all the empirical evidence to answer a specific research question. We aim to explore to what extent reviews are included in doctoral theses from all universities with a medical faculty in Sweden, and to describe the type, topic and assess the methodological quality of the reviews.MethodsDuplicate assessors independently searched local and national repositories for doctoral theses published in 2021 within all seven medical faculties in Sweden, and categorized identified reviews based on review type, topic, and methodological quality using AMSTAR‐2.Results5.4% (45/852) of all doctoral theses included a review, and 1.3% (45/3461) of all included studies were reviews. Of these, two thirds (31) were SRs and the rest (14) were broader ‘big picture’ reviews. The most common topics were interventions (42%) and exposure/etiology (32%), with no reviews of diagnostic tests. The majority of the SRs had very low (71%) or low (19%) quality, and few reached a high (7%) or moderate (3%) quality. The most common issues were limitations with protocols, limited search strategies, and failure to account for risk of bias in drawn conclusions.ConclusionsFew doctoral students included SRs in their theses, and the few SRs included in doctoral theses generally had a low quality. There is no consensus on the appropriate proportion of doctoral thesis including a SR. We argue that conducting a SR within a doctoral thesis can reduce redundant, harmful and unethical research, identify knowledge gaps, and help the doctoral student obtain important skills to conduct and use research.
Improving Affinity while Reducing Kidney Uptake of CXCR4‐Targeting Radioligands Derived from the Endogenous Antagonist EPI‐X4
Authors: Gaonkar Raghuvir H. , Bailly Thibaud , Millul Jacopo , Mansi Rosalba , Harms Mirja , Münch Jan , Fani Melpomeni 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe C−X‐C chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) is highly upregulated in most cancers, making it an ideal target for delivering radiation therapy to tumors. We previously demonstrated the feasibility of targeting CXCR4 in vivo using a radiolabeled derivative of EPI‐X4, an endogenous CXCR4 antagonist, named DOTA−K‐JM#173. However, this derivative showed undesirable accumulation in the kidneys, which would limit its clinical use. In this study, we identified that removing a positive charge from the peptide sequence significantly reduced renal uptake. We evaluated a series of optimized derivatives lacking this positive charge, in vitro and in vivo in a xenografted athymic nude mice model, after radiolabeling with 177Lu. The most promising derivatives were further assessed in vivo after 68Ga labeling. Among them, we identified DOTA‐JM#173 and D‐L1‐DOTA‐JM#173, where the D‐Ile1 was replaced by D‐Leu1, two optimized derivatives with a lysine residue removed. These two molecules represent the most advanced DOTA‐conjugated ligands derived from EPI‐X4 for CXCR4‐directed theranostic applications, offering enhanced potential for targeted cancer treatment.
Albumin Folding Changes Affect the Microfluidic Interfacial Broadening Revealed by Surface Plasmon Resonance
Authors: Calcagno Damiano , Perina Maria Luisa , Distefano Alessia , Parravano Mariacristina , Licciardello Antonino , Tuccitto Nunzio , Grasso Giuseppe 
Published: January 2025

AbstractUnderstanding the conformation and diffusion behavior of proteins in biological fluids is crucial for advancements in conformational disease research. While several experimental techniques are available for probing protein conformations, they often come with limitations, such as the need for fluorophores or specific experimental conditions. Albumin, one of the most abundant proteins in the blood and used as a tear supplement in treating ocular surface disorders, plays a vital role as a transport protein, binding various ligands and facilitating their transport. However, the direct relationship between albumin conformation and diffusion coefficient (D) in water solutions remains unexplored. In this study, we describe a novel Surface Plasmon Resonance technique coupled with Stochastic Gillespie′s algorithm simulations to correlate albumin D values with its conformational states directly. Our findings demonstrate the feasibility of monitoring albumin conformational changes under different environmental conditions, as well as its degradation kinetics by trypsin, by analyzing its diffusion characteristics, presenting a promising avenue for advancing our understanding of conformational diseases.
Integrating AI Into Arbitration: Balancing Efficiency With Fairness and Legal Compliance
Authors: Alhasan Tariq K. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into arbitration marks a significant transformation in alternative dispute resolution, aiming to enhance efficiency, objectivity, and accessibility. Advanced AI systems now extend beyond administrative tasks to analyze complex legal data, predict case outcomes, and even generate arbitral awards. This evolution addresses the growing volume and complexity of international disputes, particularly in commercial and investment arbitration. However, the adoption of AI introduces profound legal and ethical challenges. Key concerns include the absence of human judgment, potential biases embedded in AI algorithms, and the opacity of their decision‐making processes, accountability issues, and data privacy risks. Critically, current legal frameworks such as the New York Convention were not designed to accommodate AI‐generated awards, raising questions about their legitimacy, procedural fairness, and enforceability. This article explores these intersections, focusing on how AI impacts arbitration's efficiency and objectivity, the legal and ethical challenges arising from AI integration, and the extent to which existing legal frameworks accommodate AI‐generated awards. Employing a multidisciplinary approach that includes legal scholarship, case studies, and technological research, the analysis examines the practical implications of AI in arbitration and the specific enforcement challenges of AI‐generated awards. The article concludes with recommendations for regulatory reforms and the adoption of hybrid AI‐human models to balance technological benefits with the necessity for human oversight and ethical accountability.
Confining CoSe/MoSe2 Heterostructures in Interconnected Carbon Polyhedrons for Superior Potassium Storage
Authors: Ming Yu Zhi , Hui Jia Jian , Yong Wang Guo , Wen Zi , Cheng Yang Chun , Jiang Qing 
Published: January 2025

AbstractMetal selenides hold promise as feasible anode materials for potassium‐ion batteries (PIBs), but still face problems such as poor potassium storage kinetics and dramatic volume expansion. Coupling heterostructure engineering with structural design could be an effective strategy for rapid and stable K+ storage. Herein, CoSe/MoSe2 heterojunction encapsulated in nitrogen‐doped carbon polyhedron and further interconnected by three‐dimensional nitrogen‐doped carbon nanofibers (CoMoSe@NCP/NCFs) is ingeniously constructed. The abundant CoSe/MoSe2 heterointerfaces equipped with built‐in electric fields and unique interconnected carbon polyhedrons (convenient electron/ion transfer pathway and robust mechanical buffer) promote the reaction kinetics and bolster the structural robustness. Accordingly, the CoMoSe@NCP/NCFs composite exhibits outstanding cycle life, with a capacity of 206 mAh g−1 preserved after 2500 cycles at 2 A g−1. Besides, CoMoSe@NCP/NCFs also achieves decent rate performance with 161 mAh g−1 at 10 A g−1. This research demonstrates a viable approach for constructing superior PIB anodes with both fast kinetics and high stability.
Carrion in Bomas: Multiple Observations of Cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) Scavenging Events and Potential Causes in Managed Populations
Authors: Overton Elizabeth Kennedy , Davis Robert S. , Prugnolle Franck , Rougeron Virginie , Honiball Terry‐Lee , Sievert Olivia , Venter Jan A. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTFacultative scavenging can be observed across a large range of carnivorous mammals but is an uncommon behavioural trait in cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus). Very few incidents of cheetahs scavenging have been reported, with no explanation given as to why it may occur. In this paper, we provide three more observations of cheetahs scavenging between 2019 and 2023 in three different protected areas in South Africa and Malawi. We suggest a common factor between these observations, namely that all adult individuals involved were temporarily housed in holding enclosures (bomas) during relocation processes and were provisioned with carrion as supplemental feed. The observed scavenging events could also have been influenced by the easy access to food in a situation where food acquisition was potentially difficult (i.e. old age, loss of hunting partner, mother with cubs). We hypothesise that these contributing factors, combined with the prior exposure of the adult individuals to eating carrion, could be a potential explanation for our observations of cheetahs scavenging. These observations provide a basis for further research into cheetah scavenging behaviour and the potential impacts of translocations that require prolonged holding periods on wildlife behaviour post‐release. Understanding these behavioural shifts is crucial for cheetah conservation, as successful reintroduction efforts depend on the ability of cheetahs to adapt to new environments and food acquisition strategies.
Pawpaws prevent predictability: A locally dominant tree alters understory beta‐diversity and community assembly
Authors: Wassel Anna C. , Myers Jonathan A. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractWhile dominant species are known to be important in ecosystem functioning and community assembly, biodiversity responses to the presence of dominant species can be highly variable. Dominant species can increase the importance of deterministic community assembly by competitively excluding species in a consistent way across local communities, resulting in low site‐to‐site variation in community composition (beta‐diversity) and nonrandom community structure. In contrast, dominant species could increase the importance of stochastic community assembly by reducing the total number of individuals in local communities (community size), resulting in high beta‐diversity and more random community structure. We tested these hypotheses in a large, temperate oak‐hickory forest plot containing a locally dominant tree species, pawpaw (Asimina triloba; Annonaceae), an understory tree species that occurs in dense, clonal patches in forests throughout the east‐central United States. We determined how the presence of pawpaw influences local species diversity, community size, and beta‐diversity by measuring the abundance of all vascular plant species in 1 × 1‐m plots both inside and outside pawpaw patches. To test whether the presence of pawpaw influences local assembly processes, we compared observed patterns of beta‐diversity inside and outside patches to a null model in which communities were assembled at random with respect to species identity. We found lower local species diversity, lower community size, and higher observed beta‐diversity inside pawpaw patches than outside pawpaw patches. Moreover, standardized effect sizes of beta‐diversity from the null model were lower inside pawpaw patches than outside pawpaw patches, indicating more random species composition inside pawpaw patches. Together these results suggest that pawpaw increases the importance of stochastic relative to deterministic community assembly at local scales, likely by decreasing overall numbers of individuals and increasing random local extinctions inside patches. Our findings provide insights into the ecological processes by which locally dominant tree species shape the assembly and diversity of understory plant communities at different spatial scales.
Advancing the understanding of coastal disturbances with a network‐of‐networks approach
Authors: Myers‐Pigg Allison N. , Moanga Diana , Bond‐Lamberty Ben , Ward Nicholas D. , Megonigal J. Patrick , White Elliott , Bailey Vanessa L. , Kirwan Matthew L. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractCoastal ecosystems are at the nexus of many high priority challenges in environmental sciences, including predicting the influences of compounding disturbances exacerbated by climate change on biogeochemical cycling. While research in coastal science is fundamentally transdisciplinary—as drivers of biogeochemical and ecological processes often span scientific and environmental domains—traditional place–based approaches are still often employed to understand coastal ecosystems. We argue that a macrosystems science perspective, including the integration across distributed research sites, is crucial to understand how compounding disturbances affect coastal ecosystems. We suggest that many grand challenge questions, such as advancing continental‐scale process understanding of extreme events and global change, will only be addressed in coastal ecosystems using a network‐of‐networks approach. We identify specific ways that existing research efforts can maximize benefit across multiple interested parties, and where additional infrastructure investments might increase return‐on‐investment along the coast, using the coastal continental United States as a case study.
Implementation of guideline‐recommended therapies in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction according to heart failure duration: An analysis of 55 581 patients from the Swedish Heart Failure (SwedeHF) Registry
Authors: Shahim Angiza , Linde Cecilia , Savarese Gianluigi , Dahlström Ulf , Lund Lars H. , Hage Camilla 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAimsGuidelines recommend immediate initiation of all four class I guideline‐directed medical therapies, renin–angiotensin system inhibitors (RASI) or angiotensin receptor–neprilysin inhibitors (ARNI), beta‐blockers, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRA) and sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) following the diagnosis of heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). The extent to which this occurs in new‐onset HFrEF is unclear. We assessed guideline‐recommended therapies during the first year following a HFrEF diagnosis.Methods and resultsThe Swedish HF Registry was linked to additional national registries. In patients with HFrEF (ejection fraction <40%), clinical characteristics and HF treatment from when they were available and recommended in guidelines were assessed according to time from HF diagnosis (<3, 3 to <6, 6–12 and >12 months). Of 55 581 patients with HFrEF enrolled between 2000 and 2021, 54%, 5.8%, 4.8% and 36% had an HF duration of <3, 3 to <6, 6–12 and >12 months, respectively. Patients with shorter HF duration were younger, had lower New York Heart Association class and had fewer cardiovascular comorbidities. Within 3 months, 3 to <6 months, 6–12 months and >12 months from HF diagnosis, 93%, 92%, 90% and 89% were on RASI or ARNI, 9.8%, 17%, 19% and 22% on ARNI alone, 35%, 43%, 44% and 46% on MRA, 92%, 92%, 92% and 91% on beta‐blockers, and 26%, 30%, 19% and 28% on SGLT2i, respectively. Additionally, 18% received cardiac resynchronization therapy/implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator >12 months after diagnosis.ConclusionsMost patients received RASI and beta‐blockers in the first months following HFrEF diagnosis. Use of ARNI, MRA and SGLT2i was limited, both in the early and later time periods. Our findings suggest that strategies to improve guideline‐directed use of HFrEF therapies remain urgently needed.
The More I See It the Less I Want It: Sociotropic Corruption and (In)tolerance Towards Corruption in Contexts of Perceived Economic Crisis
Authors: Costa‐Lopes Rui , Do Bú Emerson Araújo , Madeira Filipa , Pinto Isabel R. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTWhether the widespread perception of corruption is associated with lower or higher tolerance towards corrupt practices remains an important research question. Considering that, in economic downturns, citizens may become particularly sensitive to corruption, this paper goes further by exploring how the relationship between perceived sociotropic corruption and tolerance towards corruption may be moderated by perceptions of economic crisis. Findings from Study 1 with a representative sample of the Portuguese population (N = 1020) indicate that the higher the perceived sociotropic corruption, the lower the tolerance for corruption and that the negative relationship between sociotropic corruption and tolerance for corruption is strengthened by an economic crisis perception. Study 2 (N = 120) experimentally explored these findings and provided preliminary evidence of greater intolerance towards corruption under high sociotropic corruption, especially when the economic crisis perception is salient. These results show how the salience of corruption practices might improve adherence to integrity normative expectations and how contextual factors might impact this process.
Correlation of Total Polyphenol and Flavonoid Content With Antioxidant Activity of Caucasian Bee Honey
Authors: Bozkuş Tuğba Nigar 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTHoney is a natural product gathered by honeybees from the pollen and nectar of various plants and flowers. The homeland of the Caucasian honey bee, which draws attention with its honey production and is one of the most productive bee races known in the world, is Northeastern Anatolia in Türkiye. This study aims to determine and correlate the phenolic content and antioxidant activity of 54 honey samples obtained from the most important gene centers of the Caucasian bee in Türkiye. Total polyphenol and flavonoid contents and ferric reducing antioxidant power of aqueous honey extracts were in the range of 9.95–66.34 mg GA/100 g, 0.76–14.24 mg Q/100 g, 63.00–150.00 mg T/100 g, respectively. All analysis methods of Caucasian bee honey samples showed statistically significant differences according to location. The variation in phenolic content and antioxidant activities in Caucasian bee honey is attributed to the region's specific geographical location and vegetation. Furthermore, a robust and significant correlation was identified between the antioxidant activity of the honey samples and the total levels of polyphenols and flavonoids. Thanks to these features, Caucasian bee honey can be an important nutritional and commercial product.
Extracorporeal Shock Waves Therapy for the Treatment of Acute and Chronic Wounds—A Prospective, Monocentric Clinical Trial to Examine the Effect of Shock Waves on Wound Healing
Authors: Landscheidt Kristina , Alabdulmohsen Ahmed , Hübscher Markus , Geber Benjamin , Hernekamp Jochen‐Frederick , Goertz Ole 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionThe aim of our prospective blinded clinical study was to examine a possible improvement and acceleration of epithelialization by treatment with low‐energy extracorporeal shock waves on skin graft donor and recipient sites in patients with chronic wounds. In addition, several secondary parameters were investigated to evaluate the compatibility of the therapeutic method, its influence on infection occurrence and bacterial colonization.Materials and MethodsA total of 35 patients were included in the study. Of these, 25 participants were assigned to the verum‐placebo group and 10 to the sham treatment group. The study of the sham control group was done to exclude a possible “remote effect” of the placebo area. Depending on the group, the wound areas were treated with low‐frequency shock waves, placebo, or sham. The examinations were performed immediately on Day 0 after surgical treatment and on Days 5, 7, 9, and 12 after surgery. To record long‐term results, an additional evaluation of the wound situation was performed on Day 90.ResultsEpithelialization was statistically significantly accelerated by shock wave application at both skin graft recipient sites and donor sites (0.86 vs. 0.92, p < 0.05). Furthermore, the risk of wound infection was significantly reduced by using extracorporeal shock waves. Serious side effects were not reported.ConclusionA repeated application of ESWT followed by standardized wound care was shown to significantly accelerate the time to re‐epithelialization at the skin graft donor and recipient site compared with re‐epithelialization time in patients of the sham/placebo group.
Current Trends, Spatio‐Temporal Dynamics of Microplastics Research and Global Public Health: A Scientometric Study
Authors: Alvitez Juan , Huarachi Luis , Temoche Abigail , Medina Carlos , Alvitez‐Temoche Daniel , Cabanillas‐Lazo Miguel , Mayta‐Tovalino Frank 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTPurposeTo evaluate the current trends and spatiotemporal dynamics of microplastic research and public health through a scientometric study from 2019 to 2024.MethodsAn observational and descriptive approach was applied to the published literature on microplastics and public health published in January 2019 and July 2024. A quantitative approach was used to analyze document production, author–country collaborations and thematic evolution. A comprehensive search of the Scopus database was conducted using a combination of keywords related to “microplastics” and “public health.” Papers that explicitly addressed these topics were considered for analysis. SciVal and R studio software were used for the analyses.ResultsSignificant growth in paper production was observed, with an increase in international collaboration and a diversity of paper types. The most prominent journals in this field include “Science of the Total Environment” and “Journal of Hazardous Materials”, which lead in terms of academic output and impact. There was an upward trend in the number of publications in the Q1 quartile, reflecting growing interest in this field. Several authors have demonstrated a significant impact on microplastic research and its impact on public health, highlighting the importance of further research in this field. In addition, 156 sources and 259 papers related to microplastics and public health research were identified, reflecting the diversity and richness of research in this field. The thematic evolution showed interesting changes in focus topics over time, highlighting the intersection of microplastics with topics such as “covid‐19” and “public health.”ConclusionsThese findings underscore the relevance and urgency of microplastic and public health research and suggest promising directions for future research. The increasing volume of published research in these fields over time reflects the continuing importance of microplastics research and its impact on public health.