bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Socially assistive robots in health and social care: Acceptance and cultural factors. Results from an exploratory international online survey
Authors: Papadopoulos Irena , Wright Steve , Koulouglioti Christina , Ali Sheila , Lazzarino Runa , Martín‐García Ángel , Oter‐Quintana Cristina , Kouta Christiana , Rousou Elena , Papp Katalin , Krepinska Radka , Tothova Valerie , Malliarou Maria , Apostolara Paraskevi , Lesińska‐Sawicka Małgorzata , Nagorska Małgorzata , Liskova Miroslava , Nortvedt Line , Alpers Lise‐Merete , Biglete‐Pangilinan Sylvia , Oconer‐Rubiano Ma. Florinda , Chaisetsampun Wireeporn , Wichit Nutchanath , Ghassemi Akhtar‐Ebrahimi , Jafarjalal Ezzat , Zorba Akile , Kuckert‐Wöstheinrich Andrea , Malla Rabin , Toda Tomiko , Akman Özlem , Öztürk Candan , Puvimanasinghe Teresa , Ziaian Tahereh , Eldar‐Regev Orit , Nissim Sara 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimThis study explored the views of an international sample of registered nurses and midwives working in health and social care concerning socially assistive robots (SARs), and the relationship between dimensions of culture and rejection of the idea that SARs had benefits in these settings.MethodsAn online survey was used to obtain rankings of (among other topics) the extent to which SARs have benefits for health and social care. It also asked for free text responses regarding any concerns about SARs.ResultsMost respondents were overwhelmingly positive about SARs' benefits. A small minority strongly rejected this idea, and qualitative analysis of the objections raised by them revealed three major themes: things might go wrong, depersonalization, and patient‐related concerns. However, many participants who were highly accepting of the benefits of SARs expressed similar objections. Cultural dimensions of long‐term orientation and uncertainty avoidance feature prominently in technology acceptance research. Therefore, the relationship between the proportion of respondents from each country who felt that SARs had no benefits and each country's ratings on long‐term orientation and uncertainty avoidance were also examined. A significant positive correlation was found for long‐term orientation, but not for uncertainty avoidance.ConclusionMost respondents were positive about the benefits of SARs, and similar concerns about their use were expressed both by those who strongly accepted the idea that they had benefits and those who did not. Some evidence was found to suggest that cultural factors were related to rejecting the idea that SARs had benefits.
Neuroanatomy of the crocodylomorphPortugalosuchus azenhaefrom the late cretaceous of Portugal
Authors: Puértolas‐Pascual Eduardo , Kuzmin Ivan T. , Serrano‐Martínez Alejandro , Mateus Octávio 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe present the first detailed braincase anatomical description and neuroanatomical study ofPortugalosuchus azenhae, from the Cenomanian (Late Cretaceous) of Portugal. This eusuchian crocodylomorph was originally described as a putative Crocodylia and one of the oldest representatives of this clade; however, its phylogenetic position remains controversial. Based on new data obtained from high resolution Computed Tomography images (by micro‐CT scan), this study aims to improve the original description of this taxon and also update the scarce neuroanatomical knowledge of Eusuchia and Crocodylia from this time interval, a key period to understand the origin and evolution of these clades. The resulting three‐dimensional models from the CT data allowed a detailed description of its well‐preserved neurocranium and internal cavities. Therefore, it was possible to reconstruct the cavities of the olfactory region, nasopharyngeal ducts, brain, nerves, carotid arteries, blood vessels, paratympanic sinus system and inner ear, which allowed to estimate some neurosensorial capabilities. By comparison with other crocodylomorphs, these analyses showed thatPortugalosuchus, back in the Cenomanian, already displayed an olfactive acuity, sight, hearing and cognitive skills within the range of that observed in other basal eusuchians and crocodylians, including extant species. In addition, and in order to test its disputed phylogenetic position, these new anatomical data, which helped to correct and complete some of the original observations, were included in one of the most recent morphology‐based phylogenies. The position ofPortugalosuchusdiffers slightly from the original publication since it is now located as a “thoracosaurid” within Gavialoidea, but still as a crocodylian. Despite all this, to better contrast these results, additional phylogenetic analyses including this new morphological character coding together with DNA data should be performed.
Optimal climate and fiscal policy in an OLG economy
Authors: Jaimes Richard 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis paper develops a climate–economy model to study the joint design of optimal climate and fiscal policies in economies with overlapping generations (OLGs). I demonstrate how capital taxation, if optimal, drives a wedge between the market costs of carbon (the net present value of marginal damages using the market interest rate) and the Pigouvian tax (the net present value of marginal damages using the consumption discount rate of successive OLGs). In contrast to deterministic infinitely lived representative agent models, at the optimum, the capital income tax is positive, the carbon price equals the market costs of carbon but it falls short of the Pigouvian tax when (i) preferences are not separable over consumption and leisure; and (ii) labor income taxes cannot be age‐dependent. I also show that restrictions on climate change policy provide a novel rationale for positive capital income taxes.
Changes in N6‐methyladenosine RNA methylomes of human periodontal ligament cells in response to inflammatory conditions
Authors: Zou Xihong , Liu Chaoyi , Wu Xudong , Yuan Zhiyao , Yan Fuhua 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the changes in the m6A methylation modification profile of human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) in response to inflammatory conditions.BackgroundPeriodontitis is an infectious disease of the periodontal support tissue that leads to the loss of alveolar bone. HPDLCs are primary cells that can repair periodontal tissue defects caused by periodontitis. However, the inflammatory conditions induce inflammatory damage and decrease ossification of hPDLCs. This inflammatory response depends on genetic and epigenetic mechanisms, including m6A methylation.MethodsHPDLCs were cultured with osteogenic induction medium (NC group), while TNF‐α (10 ng/mL) and IL‐1β (5 ng/mL) were added to simulate inflammatory conditions (Inflam group). Then RNA‐seq and MeRIP‐seq analyses were performed to identify m6A methylation modification in the transcriptome range of hPDLCs.ResultsThe results showed that the osteogenic differentiation of hPDLCs was inhibited under inflammatory conditions. RNA‐seq analysis also revealed that the decreased genes in response to inflammatory conditions were primarily annotated in processes associated with ossification. Compared with the NC group, differentially m6A‐methylated genes were primarily enriched in histone modification processes. Among 145 histone modification genes, 25 genes have been reported to be involved in the regulation of osteogenic differentiation, and they include KAT6B, EP300, BMI1, and KDMs (KDM1A, KDM2A, KDM3A, KDM4B, and KDM5A).ConclusionThis study demonstrated that the m6A landscape of hPDLCs was changed in response to inflammation. M6A methylation differences among histone modification genes may act on the osteogenic differentiation of hPDLCs.
Comparison of ionised calcium measured using a portable analyser to a reference method in healthy dogs
Authors: Harper J. A. , Gal A. , Burchell R. K. , Summers J. D. , Starling J. , Gerber K. , Gummow B. 
Published: February 2023

ObjectivesTo compare the ionised calcium measured on a portable analyser (iSTAT, Abbott) to a reference method.Materials and MethodsBlood samples from 39 apparently healthy dogs were analysed in duplicate using a portable analyser and a reference method (Radiometer ABL800 FLEX). Bland–Altman plots and Passing–Bablok regression were used to assess constant and proportional bias between the two instruments. A within‐assay percentage coefficient of variation and total error (TE) was calculated for both analysers. The reference interval was calculated for the portable analyser using the robust method with confidence interval bootstrapping.ResultsThe Bland–Altman plot showed a −0.036 mmol/L difference between the two instruments (95% confidence limit −0.08 to 0.01 mmol/L; limits of agreement −0.07 to 0.006 mmol/L). Neither the Bland–Altman plot nor the Passing–Bablock regression (slope −0.03; 95% confidence interval −0.08 to 0.19 and intercept 1; 95% confidence interval 0.83 to 1.2) showed significant proportional bias. The coefficient of variation for the portable analyser was 1.08%, compared to 0.78% for the reference method with a total error of 3.5% for the portable analyser. The estimated population‐based reference interval for ionised calcium using the portable analyser is 1.23 to 1.42 mmol/L.Clinical SignificanceFor the healthy dogs in this study, compared to the reference method, the portable analyser showed no significant bias for measurement of ionised calcium. Further studies including hyper and hypocalcaemic dogs are required to determine clinical impact of the use of this analyser.
Analysis of Religious Bias among Christian Students in Science
Authors: Soneral Paula A. G. , Brownell Sara E. , Barnes M. Elizabeth 
Published: February 2023

AbstractChristians are notably underrepresented in science in part due to long‐standing public perceptions of science‐religion incompatibility and antireligious bias in science. This research explores whether undergraduates at a Christian university perceive and impose anti‐Christian cultural stigma in science. Survey results from 126 biology students revealed that though students generally perceived the culture of science to be anti‐Christian, they perceived Christians to have equal opportunities for scientific achievement. Results from a quasi‐experimental audit study, in which students evaluated one of two profiles for mock prospective Ph.D. applicants (Christian or undisclosed faith) showed that students did not project anti‐Christian stereotypes in terms of competence, hireability, or likeability, but showed some evidence of pro‐Christian favorability. Together, this study suggests that the affirmational community of a Christian University may alleviate some negative impacts of anti‐Christian stereotypes in academic biology, even as students perceive discrimination against Christians in science and atheists as more scientifically competent.
Measuring Religiosity of East Asians: Multiple Religious Belonging, Believing, and Practicing
Authors: Yang Fenggang , McPhail Brian L. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSocial surveys normally assume that respondents adhere to a single religious faith in belonging, believing, and practicing congruently. Some surveys even take religious identity as the singular measure of religiosity and examine its relationship with other variables. This practice, however, fails to capture nonexclusive and hybrid religiosity, which is arguably the traditional and normal pattern in East Asia while becoming increasingly common in the West. We have developed a new set of survey questions and conducted a survey among East Asian international students at an American university. The findings show that multiple religious belonging, believing, and practicing are quite common, the level of believing and participating in religions varies substantially, and no confession‐based single measure of religious identity or practice is sufficient for measuring religiosity. We recommend this set of improved measures of religiosity be adopted in future surveys in East Asia and probably in the West as well.
Vacuolar MATE/DTX protein‐mediated cucurbitacin C transport is co‐regulated with bitterness biosynthesis in cucumber
Authors: Ma Yongshuo , Li Dawei , Zhong Yang , Wang Xiaohan , Li Legong , Osbourn Anne , Lucas William J. , Huang Sanwen , Shang Yi 
Published: February 2023

Summary
Membrane‐localized transporters constitute important components for specialized metabolism in plants. However, due to the vast array of specialized metabolites produced by plants, and the large families of transporter genes, knowledge about the intracellular and intercellular transport of plant metabolites is still in its infancy.
Cucurbitacins are bitter and defensive triterpenoids produced mainly in the cucurbits. Using a comparative genomics and multi‐omics approach, a MATE gene (CsMATE1), physically clustered with cucurbitacin C (CuC) biosynthetic genes, was identified and functionally shown to sequester CuC in cucumber leaf mesophyll cells.
Notably, the CuC transport process is strictly co‐regulated with CuC biosynthesis. CsMATE1 clustering with bitterness biosynthesis genes may provide benefits and a basis for this feedback regulation on CuC sequestration and biosynthesis.
Identification of transport systems for plant‐specialized metabolites can accelerate the metabolic engineering of high‐value‐added compounds by simplifying their purification process.
Near work, light levels and dioptric profile – Which factor dominates and influences the short‐term changes in axial length?
Authors: Maldoddi Rakesh , Thakur Swapnil , Verkicharla Pavan K. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPurposeGiven the agonistic nature of near work to promote axial elongation and the antagonistic nature of time outdoors to prevent myopia, we aimed to investigate the following: (a) how the short‐term effect of near work performed outdoors (Experiment 1) influences axial length and (b) how near work performed in two different dioptric profiles (uncluttered and cluttered) alters the changes in central axial length (Experiment 2).MethodsForty‐six adults (age range: 19–32 years) participated in the study. In Experiment 1, 22 participants completed a 15‐min distance task and a reading task in both the outdoor (~30,000 lux) and indoor (~70 lux) locations. In Experiment 2, 24 participants performed the same reading task at a study desk in uncluttered and cluttered reading environments. Pre‐ and post‐task ocular biometry measurements were performed for each session using a non‐contact biometer.ResultsIn Experiment 1, a significant increase in axial length from baseline was found after performing reading tasks in both outdoor (mean ± SEM: +12.3 ± 3.4 μm, p = 0.001) and indoor locations (+11.9 ± 3.1 μm, p = 0.001). In Experiment 2, axial length increased significantly from baseline to post reading task, in both uncluttered (+17.9 ± 3.5 μm, p < 0.001) and cluttered reading environments (+19.2 ± 2.9 μm, p < 0.001). No significant changes in axial length were observed either between outdoor and indoor locations (p = 0.92) or between the uncluttered and cluttered reading environment (p = 0.75).ConclusionIndependent of light intensity (outdoor or indoor location) and dioptric profile of the near‐work environment (uncluttered or cluttered), a 15‐min reading task led to a significant increase in axial length. While the long‐term effects of these findings need to be evaluated, practitioners should emphasise how near work can reduce the beneficial effects of time outdoors, while providing recommendations related to time outdoors for myopia control.
Envarsus XR® pharmacokinetics in adolescents post‐kidney transplantation – A pilot study
Authors: ElChaki Rim , Ettenger Robert , Lee Sabrina , Chen Lucia , Gales Barbara , Srivastava Rachana , Pearl Meghan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIntroductionEnvarsus XR® (LCPT), a once daily dosage formulation of tacrolimus, is an FDA‐approved medication in adult renal transplant recipients (RTRs). There are limited data on its pharmacokinetics (PK) in adolescent RTRs. We report here the PK profile of LCPT in adolescent RTRs.MethodsThe dose of LCPT was determined using a dose conversion ratio targeting 0.7 relative to the total daily immediate‐release tacrolimus (IR‐Tac) dose. On day 7 after converting to LCPT, patients had an abbreviated PK assessment with sampling at: 0 h (pre‐dose), 8‐, and 12‐h post‐dose. The PK data analysis was performed using Bayesian estimators. Our results were compared to those of published adult PK data for LCPT and pediatric PK data for IR‐Tac and extended release tacrolimus (ER‐Tac) formulation (Advagraf).ResultsPK data from three adolescent patients on LCPT were evaluated. The mean (±SD) area under the time–concentration curve (AUC) was 240 (±20.22) h*ng/mL. The mean Tmax was 9.01 ± 2.12 h, and the % fluctuation was 77.71 ± 3.96%. The AUC, Tmax, and % fluctuation were similar to reported results in adult patients taking LCPT. The AUC was higher and the Tmax was longer than what has been reported in pediatric patients taking IR‐Tac and ER‐Tac. In addition, the LCPT group showed a lower % fluctuation than patients receiving ER‐Tac.ConclusionThe PK evaluation of LCPT in adolescent RTRs showed similar results to adults. Adolescents taking LCPT had a higher AUC, a more attenuated Tmax, and a lower fluctuation than that seen with ER‐Tac in pediatrics.
Establishing a new genus, Chiharadinium gen. nov. (Peridiniales, Dinophyceae) for a tidal pool dinoflagellate formerly known as Scrippsiella hexapraecingula
Authors: Dawut Mahmutjan , Yamaguchi Aika , Horiguchi Takeo 
Published: February 2023

SUMMARYTo determine its accurate taxonomic position, a tidal pool bloom‐forming dinoflagellate, Scrippsiella hexapraecingula was re‐investigated using light, scanning and transmission electron microscopy together with a phylogenetic analysis based on concatenated ribosomal DNA sequences. The culture strains used in this study were established from intertidal rock pool samples taken from Jogashima, Kanagawa prefecture and Heisaura, Chiba prefecture, Japan and were identified as S. hexapraecingula originally described by Horiguchi and Chihara from a tidal pool in Hachijo Island, Tokyo, Japan in 1983. The thecal plate arrangement was determined as Po, X, 4′, 3a, 6″, 6c, 5s, 5″′, 2″″. The internal structure was investigated for the first time. The organism has typical dinoflagellate cellular organelles such as a dinokaryotic nucleus, mitochondria with tubular cristae, trichocysts and pusule. The chloroplast was single and connected to the central pyrenoid (stalked type). The eyespot found in the sulcus is of the B type with two rows of superficial intraplastidal lipid globules directly overlain by an extraplastidal single layer of crystalline bricks enveloped by a common membrane. The apical pore is plugged by a double‐layered stub‐like structure. Stalk building material for attachment covered the apical pore. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that S. hexapraecingula was most closely related to a freshwater dinoflagellate, Peridiniopsis borgei, the type species of the genus Peridiniopsis. However, clear differences exist between these two organisms, including their thecal plate arrangement, habitat and habit. As a result, a new genus, Chiharadinium Dawut & T. Horiguchi gen. nov. has been proposed rather than attempting to accommodate S. hexapraecingula in the genus Peridiniopsis. The new combination, Chiharadinium hexapraecingulum (T. Horiguchi & Chihara) Dawut & T. Horiguchi comb. nov. has been proposed.
Give me a break! Unavoidable fatigue effects in cognitive pupillometry
Authors: McLaughlin Drew J. , Zink Maggie E. , Gaunt Lauren , Reilly Jamie , Sommers Mitchell S. , Van Engen Kristin J. , Peelle Jonathan E. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPupillometry has a rich history in the study of perception and cognition. One perennial challenge is that the magnitude of the task‐evoked pupil response diminishes over the course of an experiment, a phenomenon we refer to as a fatigue effect. Reducing fatigue effects may improve sensitivity to task effects and reduce the likelihood of confounds due to systematic physiological changes over time. In this paper, we investigated the degree to which fatigue effects could be ameliorated by experimenter intervention. In Experiment 1, we assigned participants to one of three groups—no breaks, kinetic breaks (playing with toys, but no social interaction), or chatting with a research assistant—and compared the pupil response across conditions. In Experiment 2, we additionally tested the effect of researcher observation. Only breaks including social interaction significantly reduced the fatigue of the pupil response across trials. However, in all conditions we found robust evidence for fatigue effects: that is, regardless of protocol, the task‐evoked pupil response was substantially diminished (at least 60%) over the duration of the experiment. We account for the variance of fatigue effects in our pupillometry data using multiple common statistical modeling approaches (e.g., linear mixed‐effects models of peak, mean, and baseline pupil diameters, as well as growth curve models of time‐course data). We conclude that pupil attenuation is a predictable phenomenon that should be accommodated in our experimental designs and statistical models.
Pathogen reduction with methylene blue does not have an impact on the clinical effectiveness of COVID‐19 convalescent plasma
Authors: Romera Martínez Irene , Bueno Cabrera José Luis , Domingo‐Morera José María , López Aguilar Juan Carlos , Villegas Da Ros Carolina , García Erce José Antonio , Sáez Serrano Isabel , Flores Ballester Elena , Maglio Laura Analía , Arbona Castaño Cristina , Sola Lapeña Carlos , Guerra Domínguez Luisa , Berberana Fernández Margarita , Madrigal Sánchez María Elena , Rubio Batllés Martín , Pérez‐Olmeda Mayte , Ramos‐Martínez Antonio , Velasco‐Iglesias Ana , Avendaño‐Solá Cristina , Duarte Rafael F. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThere is a concern about a possible deleterious effect of pathogen reduction (PR) with methylene blue (MB) on the function of immunoglobulins of COVID‐19 convalescent plasma (CCP). We have evaluated whether MB‐treated CCP is associated with a poorer clinical response compared to other inactivation systems at the ConPlas‐19 clinical trial.Materials and MethodsThis was an ad hoc sub‐study of the ConPlas‐19 clinical trial comparing the proportion of patients transfused with MB‐treated CCP who had a worsening of respiration versus those treated with amotosalen (AM) or riboflavin (RB).ResultsOne‐hundred and seventy‐five inpatients with SARS‐CoV‐2 pneumonia were transfused with a single CCP unit. The inactivation system of the CCP units transfused was MB in 90 patients (51.4%), RB in 60 (34.3%) and AM in 25 (14.3%). Five out of 90 patients (5.6%) transfused with MB‐treated CCP had worsening respiration compared to 9 out of 85 patients (10.6%) treated with alternative PR methods (p = 0.220). Of note, MB showed a trend towards a lower rate of respiratory progressions at 28 days (risk ratio, 0.52; 95% confidence interval, 0.18–1.50).ConclusionOur data suggest that MB‐treated CCP does not provide a worse clinical outcome compared to the other PR methods for the treatment of COVID‐19.