bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of eligibility criteria in renal cell carcinoma trials evaluating systemic therapy
Authors: Castro Daniela V. , Prajapati Sweta R. , Feng Matthew I. , Chan Elyse H. , Lee Kyle O. , Paul Trishita , Sehgal Ishaan , Patel Jalen , Li Xiaochen , Zengin Zeynep B. , Ebrahimi Hedyeh , Govindarajan Ameish , Meza Luis , Mercier Benjamin D. , Chawla Neal S. , Dizman Nazli , Philip Errol J. , Hsu JoAnn , Bergerot Cristiane D. , Chehrazi‐Raffle Alex , Rock Adam , Liu Sandy , Tripathi Abhishek , Dorff Tanya B. , Pal Sumanta K. 
Published: August 2023

ObjectivesTo characterise the restrictiveness of eligibility criteria in contemporary renal cell carcinoma (RCC) trials, using recommendations from the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)‐Friends of Cancer Research (FCR) initiative.MethodsvPhase I–III trials assessing systemic therapies in patients with RCC starting between 30 June 2012 and 30 June 2022 were identified. Eligibility criteria regarding brain metastases, prior or concurrent malignancies, hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection were identified and stratified into three groups: exclusion, conditional inclusion, and not reported. Descriptive statistics were used to determine the frequency of eligibility criteria. Fisher's exact test or chi‐square test were used to calculate their associations with certain trial characteristics.ResultsA total of 423 RCC trials were initially identified of which 112 (26.5%) had sufficient accessible information. Exclusion of patients with HIV infection, HBV/HCV infection, brain metastases, and prior or concurrent malignancies were reported in 74.1%, 53.6%, 33.0%, and 8.0% of trials, respectively. In the context of HIV and HBV/HCV infection, patients were largely excluded from trials evaluating immunotherapy (94.4% and 77.8%, respectively). In addition, brain metastases were excluded in trials assessing targeted therapy (36.4%), combined therapy (33.3%), and immunotherapy (22.2%). Exclusion of patients with prior or concurrent malignancies was less frequently reported, accounting for 9.1%, 8.3%, and 5.6% targeted therapy, combined therapy and immunotherapy trials, respectively.ConclusionA substantial proportion of RCC trials utilise restrictive eligibility criteria, excluding patients with fairly prevalent comorbidities. Implementing the ASCO‐FCR recommendations will ensure resulting data are more inclusive and aligned with patient populations in the real‐world.
Seedling growth declines in warmed tropical forest soils
Authors: Nottingham Andrew T. , Montero‐Sanchez Maria , Slot Martijn , Szczygieł Hubert A. , Velasquez Esther , Meir Patrick 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe response of plants to a warming climate could have a large feedback on further climatic change. This feedback is especially important for tropical forests, where the global peak in plant productivity and biodiversity occurs. Here we test the response of tropical forest tree seedling growth, photosynthesis and herbivory to 3 years of in situ full‐soil profile warming. We studied six species, three of which are known nitrogen‐fixers and we hypothesized that the warming response of growth will be mediated by nutrient availability to plants. Across species, growth was significantly lower in warmed soil compared to soil at ambient temperature, and the same pattern was observed for light‐saturated photosynthesis, pointing toward a growth decline associated with decreased C fixation. Within species, the relative growth decline was significant for two species,Inga laurinaandTachigali versicolor, both of which are N‐fixers. Together our results suggest a growth decline may have resulted from a negative effect of warming on N‐fixation, rather than via changes in nutrient mineralization from soil organic matter, which was unchanged for N and increased for P during the dry‐to‐wet season transition. Overall, our study demonstrates that belowground warming causes species‐specific declines in the growth and photosynthesis of seedlings, with a suggestion—requiring further investigation—that this growth decline is larger in N‐fixing species.Abstract in Spanish is available with online material.
Consistency of transesophageal echocardiography and angiography in grading paravalvular regurgitation during transcatheter aortic valve replacement
Authors: Ye Dalin , Gao Ziqing , Ye Feile , Li Liujun , Chen Fei , Chen Xiaobo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe Valve Academic Research Consortium 3 (VARC‐3) standardizes the classification criteria and Doppler parameters for paravalvular regurgitation (PVR) by echocardiography. However, the consistency between transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) and angiography in grading (using the VARC‐3 criteria) of PVR during transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is unclear.MethodsForty‐six patients who underwent TEE and angiography during TAVR were retrospectively included. All patients had complete baseline information, TEE and angiography data. The Doppler parameters measured by TEE included the circumferential extent of PVR, regurgitation volume, regurgitation fraction, and the effective regurgitant orifice area. PVR was classified into four grades: absent, mild, moderate and severe. The weighted kappa coefficient was used to analyze the consistency between the two techniques. Kendall's W coefficient was used to evaluate the consistency of parameters measured by TEE.ResultsAmong all patients, there were 43 cases (93.5%) with consistent assessments between TEE and angiography. PVR was observed in 19 cases. TEE assessed mild PVR in 17 cases and moderate PVR in two cases; Angiography assessed mild PVR in 14 cases and moderate PVR in two cases. The weighted kappa coefficient between angiography and the circumferential extent of PVR, regurgitation volume, regurgitation fraction, and the effective regurgitant orifice area respectively was .84, .79, .74, .85 (P < .001). Kendall's W coefficient was .83 (P < .001).ConclusionsTEE and angiography had strong consistency in the grading (using the VARC‐3 criteria) of PVR during TAVR. TEE was a convenient diagnostic tool to quantify and grade PVR during TAVR.
Influences of local and global context on local orientation perception
Authors: Huang Jinfeng , Zhou Yifeng , Tzvetanov Tzvetomir 
Published: August 2023

AbstractVisual context modulates perception of local orientation attributes. These spatially very localised effects are considered to correspond to specific excitatory–inhibitory connectivity patterns of early visual areas as V1, creating perceptual tilt repulsion and attraction effects. Here, orientation misperception of small Gabor stimuli was used as a probe of this computational structure by sampling a large spatio‐orientation space to reveal expected asymmetries due to the underlying neuronal processing. Surprisingly, the results showed a regular iso‐orientation pattern of nearby location effects whose reference point was globally modulated by the spatial structure, without any complex interactions between local positions and orientation. This pattern of results was confirmed by the two perceptual parameters of bias and discrimination ability. Furthermore, the response times to stimulus configuration displayed variations that further provided evidence of how multiple early visual stages affect perception of simple stimuli.
Adjunctive brivaracetam and sustained seizure frequency reduction in very active focal epilepsy
Authors: Lattanzi Simona , Canafoglia Laura , Canevini Maria Paola , Casciato Sara , Cerulli Irelli Emanuele , Chiesa Valentina , Dainese Filippo , De Maria Giovanni , Didato Giuseppe , Di Gennaro Giancarlo , Falcicchio Giovanni , Fanella Martina , Ferlazzo Edoardo , Gangitano Massimo , La Neve Angela , Mecarelli Oriano , Montalenti Elisa , Morano Alessandra , Piazza Federico , Pizzanelli Chiara , Pulitano Patrizia , Ranzato Federica , Rosati Eleonora , Tassi Laura , Di Bonaventura Carlo ,   BRIVAFIRST (Brivaracetam Add‐On First Italian Network Study) Group Membership
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to explore the effectiveness of brivaracetam (BRV) according to baseline seizure frequency and past treatment history in subjects with focal epilepsy who were included in the Brivaracetam Add‐On First Italian Network Study (BRIVAFIRST).MethodsBRIVAFIRST was a 12‐month retrospective, multicenter study including adults prescribed adjunctive BRV. Study outcomes included sustained seizure response (SSR), sustained seizure freedom (SSF), and the rates of treatment discontinuation and adverse events (AEs). Baseline seizure frequency was stratified as <5, 5–20, and >20 seizures per month, and the number of prior antiseizure medications (ASMs) as <5 and ≥6.ResultsA total of 994 participants were included. During the 1‐year study period, SSR was reached by 45.8%, 39.3%, and 22.6% of subjects with a baseline frequency of <5, 5–20, and >20 seizures per month (p < .001); the corresponding figures for the SSF were 23.4%, 9.8%, and 2.8% (p < .001). SSR was reached by 51.2% and 26.5% participants with a history of 1–5 and ≥6 ASMs (p < .001); the corresponding rates of SSF were 24.7% and 4.5% (p < .001). Treatment discontinuation due to lack of efficacy was more common in participants with >20 seizures compared to those with <5 seizures per month (25.8% vs. 9.3%, p < .001), and in participants with history of ≥6 prior ASMs compared to those with history of 1–5 ASMs (19.6% vs. 12.2%, p = .002). There were no differences in the rates of BRV withdrawal due to AEs and the rates of AEs across the groups of participants defined according to the number of seizures at baseline and the number of prior ASMs.SignificanceThe baseline seizure frequency and the number of previous ASMs were predictors of sustained seizure frequency reduction with adjunctive BRV in subjects with focal epilepsy.
Past riverine connectivity effects in population structure and distribution of an endemic freshwater fish from northeastern Brazilian rivers: Phylogeographic, taxonomic, and conservation implications
Authors: Oliveira‐Silva Leonardo , Batalha‐Filho Henrique , Camelier Priscila , Zanata Angela M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe coastal basins of eastern Brazil are influenced by geomorphologic and climatic changes that caused river captures and temporary paleo‐connections due to sea‐level oscillations. These two events can lead to isolation and connection among coastal rivers and have a strong influence on the distribution of freshwater fishes in this region.Characidium bahienseis a small fish species with a wide distribution, ranging from the coastal basins of the North Group of the Northeastern Mata Atlântica ecoregion to São Francisco and Parnaíba ecoregions. The allopatric distribution ofC.bahienseassociated with the possible morphological and molecular variations among geographically isolated populations stimulated this study.Here, we use an integrative approach, encompassing morphological and mitonuclear data, and paleodrainage reconstruction to better understand the evolutionary history ofC. bahienseand to test the putative effects of the current configuration of basins and historical drainage rearrangements on the genetic structuring of the species.Our mitochondrial data show thatC. bahienseis not a monophyletic species since the specimens from one locality are more closely related toCharacidiumcf.lagosantensethan to other populations ofC. bahiense. Multilocus analyses, however, recovered the monophyly of this species, although the molecular delimitation method considers each mitochondrial DNA lineages as a separated species. Overall, the morphological data revealed some intraspecific overlapping variation, suggesting that all specimens ofC. bahienseare conspecific.Molecular analyses combined with geomorphological information suggest that the current distribution ofC. bahienseis the result of climate change that directly affected river flow dynamics and recent riverine captures during the Pleistocene.The use of multiple data sources not only provides a more reliable interpretation of the evolutionary history of a species, but can also avoid arbitrary taxonomic decisions. Future phylogeographic studies involving other freshwater fish species with a similar distribution toC. bahienseare necessary to assist in understanding the scenarios presented here.
Different facets of the same niche: Integrating citizen science and scientific survey data to predict biological invasion risk under multiple global change drivers
Authors: Di Febbraro Mirko , Bosso Luciano , Fasola Mauro , Santicchia Francesca , Aloise Gaetano , Lioy Simone , Tricarico Elena , Ruggieri Luciano , Bovero Stefano , Mori Emiliano , Bertolino Sandro 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCitizen science initiatives have been increasingly used by researchers as a source of occurrence data to model the distribution of alien species. Since citizen science presence‐only data suffer from some fundamental issues, efforts have been made to combine these data with those provided by scientifically structured surveys. Surprisingly, only a few studies proposing data integration evaluated the contribution of this process to the effective sampling of species' environmental niches and, consequently, its effect on model predictions on new time intervals. We relied on niche overlap analyses, machine learning classification algorithms and ecological niche models to compare the ability of data from citizen science and scientific surveys, along with their integration, in capturing the realized niche of 13 invasive alien species in Italy. Moreover, we assessed differences in current and future invasion risk predicted by each data set under multiple global change scenarios. We showed that data from citizen science and scientific surveys captured similar species niches though highlighting exclusive portions associated with clearly identifiable environmental conditions. In terrestrial species, citizen science data granted the highest gain in environmental space to the pooled niches, determining an increased future biological invasion risk. A few aquatic species modelled at the regional scale reported a net loss in the pooled niches compared to their scientific survey niches, suggesting that citizen science data may also lead to contraction in pooled niches. For these species, models predicted a lower future biological invasion risk. These findings indicate that citizen science data may represent a valuable contribution to predicting future spread of invasive alien species, especially within national‐scale programmes. At the same time, citizen science data collected on species poorly known to citizen scientists, or in strictly local contexts, may strongly affect the niche quantification of these taxa and the prediction of their future biological invasion risk.
Three major mesoplanktonic communities resolved by in situ imaging in the upper 500 m of the global ocean
Authors: Panaïotis Thelma , Babin Marcel , Biard Tristan , Carlotti François , Coppola Laurent , Guidi Lionel , Hauss Helena , Karp‐Boss Lee , Kiko Rainer , Lombard Fabien , McDonnell Andrew M. P. , Picheral Marc , Rogge Andreas , Waite Anya M. , Stemmann Lars , Irisson Jean‐Olivier 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAimThe distribution of mesoplankton communities has been poorly studied at global scale, especially from in situ instruments. This study aims to (1) describe the global distribution of mesoplankton communities in relation to their environment and (2) assess the ability of various environmental‐based ocean regionalizations to explain the distribution of these communities.LocationGlobal ocean, 0–500 m depth.Time Period2008–2019.Major Taxa StudiedTwenty‐eight groups of large mesoplanktonic and macroplanktonic organisms, covering Metazoa, Rhizaria and Cyanobacteria.MethodsFrom a global data set of 2500 vertical profiles making use of the Underwater Vision Profiler 5 (UVP5), an in situ imaging instrument, we studied the global distribution of large (>600 μm) mesoplanktonic organisms. Among the 6.8 million imaged objects, 330,000 were large zooplanktonic organisms and phytoplankton colonies, the rest consisting of marine snow particles. Multivariate ordination (PCA) and clustering were used to describe patterns in community composition, while comparison with existing regionalizations was performed with regression methods (RDA).ResultsWithin the observed size range, epipelagic plankton communities were Trichodesmium‐enriched in the intertropical Atlantic, Copepoda‐enriched at high latitudes and in upwelling areas, and Rhizaria‐enriched in oligotrophic areas. In the mesopelagic layer, Copepoda‐enriched communities were also found at high latitudes and in the Atlantic Ocean, while Rhizaria‐enriched communities prevailed in the Peruvian upwelling system and a few mixed communities were found elsewhere. The comparison between the distribution of these communities and a set of existing regionalizations of the ocean suggested that the structure of plankton communities described above is mostly driven by basin‐level environmental conditions.Main ConclusionsIn both layers, three types of plankton communities emerged and seemed to be mostly driven by regional environmental conditions. This work sheds light on the role not only of metazoans, but also of unexpected large protists and cyanobacteria in structuring large mesoplankton communities.
Azathioprine in hidradenitis suppurativa with inflammatory phenotype: a case series of 11 patients
Authors: López Riquelme Irene , Fernández Ballesteros María Dolores , Perea Polak Alexandra , Serrano Ordoñez Ana , Martínez Pilar Leandro 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundHidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory disease that negatively impacts the quality of life of patients. It presents as deep‐seated nodules, abscesses, fistulae, sinus tracts, and scars in the axilla, inguinal area, submammary folds, and perianal area. Recently, two phenotypes have been described: a follicular phenotype and an inflammatory phenotype. Numerous medical treatments are available for hidradenitis suppurativa, with particular importance of antitumor necrosis factor antibodies. Due to the association of HS with other conditions with a pro‐inflammatory state, particularly Crohn's disease, it has been suggested that azathioprine may have a role in the treatment of HS.ObjectiveTo assess the effectiveness of azathioprine monotherapy in patients with moderate‐severe HS.MethodsWe retrospectively studied patients with HS treated with azathioprine in monotherapy. We performed both clinical and ultrasound evaluation at baseline as well as in the follow‐up visits. Their baseline score on the iHS4 and DLQI scales and 12–16 weeks after starting the treatment were compared. We also registered the number of patients who achieved HiSCR.ResultsSix patients presented significant improvement, reducing their score in iHS4 and DLQI scales and achieving HiSCR. Another patient had clinical improvement, meaning reduction in iHS4 and DLQI, but without achieving HiSCR. Two patients stopped the treatment before week 12 because of adverse events. The remaining two patients presented no improvement. The median (Q3–Q1) baseline iHS4 score was 6 (12–6), and follow‐up iHS4 score, 4 (6–2), being these differences statistically significant (P = 0.006). Median (Q3–Q1) baseline DLQI scores and 12–16 weeks after treatment were 17 (23–11) and 14 (18–9) although statistically nonsignificant (P = 0.099).ConclusionWe present a case series of 11 patients treated with azathioprine with good clinical and ultrasonographic response. We suggest that azathioprine may benefit a certain patient profile with the inflammatory phenotype.
Hydrogen sulfide delays softening of banana fruit by inhibiting cell wall polysaccharides disassembly
Authors: Yu Zhiqian , Yuan Rong , Yang Jiali , Pan Yonggui 
Published: August 2023

SummaryHarvested banana undergoes rapid softening, which limits its shelf life. To delay softening, banana fruit was treated with hydrogen sulfide (H2S) emitted by 0.6 mm sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) and stored at 15 °C for 16 days. The effects of H2S on cell wall degradation and other physiological characteristics were investigated. In comparison to control fruits, H2S‐treated bananas retained a higher level of fruit firmness, but lower hue values. Ethylene metabolism analysis suggested that H2S inhibited the production of ethylene and the accumulation of 1‐aminocyclopropane‐1‐carboxylic acid (ACC) and decreased the activities of ACC synthase (ACS) and ACC oxidase (ACO). Cell wall polysaccharides determination assays suggested that H2S treatment increased the proportion of HCl‐soluble pectin (HSP), NaOH‐soluble pectin (NSP), cellulose and hemicellulose but decreased water‐soluble pectin (WSP) in fruits. H2S treatment also inhibited the activities of polysaccharide degrading enzymes such as polygalacturonase (PG), pectin methylesterase (PME), pectin lyase (PL), cellulase (CL) and β‐galactosidase (β‐Gal). Transmission electron microscopy analysis suggested that H2S protected cell walls from structural breakdown. These results indicated that H2S is effective in delaying banana softening by regulating cell wall polysaccharide metabolism.
Microstructure, rheology and creaming stability of Pickering emulsions stabilised with SPI‐soy peptide nanoparticle complex
Authors: Wang Dan , Wei Chen , Dai Yangyong , Zhao Luping , Li Xiangyang , Ding Xiuzhen 
Published: August 2023

SummaryThe use of two emulsifiers to fabricate a composite emulsifier is a useful strategy used to strengthen the emulsifying capacity. To investigate the feasibility of using soy protein isolate (SPI) to stabilise Pickering emulsions stabilised by soy peptide nanoparticles (SPNs), the SPI was introduced into the SPN system to fabricate SPI‐SPN complex emulsifiers, and the effects of the SPI on the properties of the SPNs and SPN‐stabilised emulsions were investigated with various oil fractions. The addition of SPI significantly reduced the particle sizes and surface hydrophobicities. Furthermore, the SPI increased the structural rearrangements of the SPNs at the oil–water interface. Compared with emulsions stabilised with the SPN alone, the droplet sizes of the SPI‐SPN emulsions were smaller, and the interface protein adsorption percentages were lower for all oil fractions. The viscosity of the SPI‐SPN emulsion was higher than that of the SPNs emulsion at Φ ≤ 0.60. Decreases in G′ and G″ were observed when the SPI was added at all Φ values tested. More importantly, the added SPI markedly enhanced the creaming stabilities of the SPN emulsions at low Φ (≤0.40). These results confirmed that SPI improved the emulsifying activity of the SPNs and enhanced the stabilities of Pickering emulsions stabilised with SPNs at low Φ.