bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Teleradiology System for Early Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Stroke Evaluation and Management
Authors: Kalyanpur Arjun , Mathur Neetika 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose Stroke is a cardinal cause of death and disability globally. It is an emergency condition where the rapidity of diagnosis is directly linked to the outcome. “Imaging is Brain” is, therefore, an important concept. The early diagnosis of stroke is crucial not only in guiding its effective treatment but also in estimating prognosis. This study aims to provide perspective on the implementation of international teleradiology in stroke evaluation, management, and care.
Methods A dedicated international teleradiology stroke network has been evaluated in our study between March 2019 and July 2022 where the interpretation and analysis of the computed tomography (CT) scans of the patients from distant hospitals in United States were performed by teleradiologists via high-quality Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM)-image transfer through a cloud-based radiology information system/picture archival and communication system platform RADspa.
Results Over a period of three and a half years, starting from March 2019, a total of 30,406 CT scans of 19,342 patients from 96 hospitals of 15 states in the United States were interpreted and reported by board-certified radiologists empaneled by Teleradiology Solutions. The mean report turnaround time for all noncontrast CT studies was 9.97 minutes at 95% confidence interval (CI: 9.89–10.05); for CT angiogram studies, it was 20.57 minutes 95% CI (20.38–20.77); and for CT perfusion studies, it was 13.72 minutes 95% CI (13.42–14.03).
Conclusion A dedicated international teleradiology stroke network designed in our study allowed for transmission, prioritization, evaluation, and management of CT cases performed in the setting of acute stroke in the study population. The results of our investigation indicate that teleradiology provides an effective solution for early diagnosis/interpretation of CT examinations performed internationally in the setting of acute stroke. This may further be used as a model or template for the development of a nationwide stroke network within our own country.
Silver nanoparticles protect tillering in drought-stressed wheat by improving leaf water relations and physiological functioning
Authors: Sarwar Muhammad , Saleem Muhammad Farrukh , Ullah Najeeb , Khan Muhammad Jahanzaib , Maqsood Hamza , Ahmad Hassaan , Tanveer Asif , Shahid Muhammad 
Published: July 2023

The tillering phase of wheat (Triticum aestivum) crops is extremely susceptible to drought. We explored the potential of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in protecting wheat genotypes from drought injury during this sensitive stage. After treating with AgNPs (60 ppm), the plants were submitted to different water levels; i.e. 100% field capacity (FC), 75% FC (mild drought), 50% FC (moderate drought) and 25% FC (severe drought) from 15 to 41 days after sowing (tillering phase). Leaf physiological data were collected at stress termination, while yield attributes were recorded at crop maturity. We found that increasing drought intensity significantly impaired leaf physiology and grain yield of both studied genotypes. Compared with control, moderately and severely drought-stressed plants produced 25% and 45% lesser grain yield per spike, respectively (averaged across genotypes and years of study). Likewise, moderate and severe drought reduced photosynthesis by 49% and 76%, respectively, compared with control. In contrast, AgNPs significantly restored leaf physiological functioning and grain yield formation at maturity. For example, under moderate and severe drought, AgNPs-treated plants produced 22% and 17% more grains per plant, respectively, than their respective water-treated plants. Our study suggests that exogenous AgNPs can protect wheat crops from drought during early development stages.
Frame semantics in the lexical database SciE-Lex
Authors: Castaño Emilia , Verdaguer Clavera Isabel 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This paper presents the introduction of frame semantics in SciE-Lex, a lexical database of biomedical English, in order to establish frame-based semantic networks among the lexical units contained in the database and draw attention to the domain-specific meanings and syntactic patterns that they exhibit. Taking the general English FrameNet database as a reference and the verbs diminish, compete, and perturb as an illustration, this paper shows how modelling the syntacticosemantic properties of biomedical English results in three scenarios: (a) the general English FrameNet analysis is fully adequate for biomedical usage (b) the frame elements in the general English FrameNet do not fully characterize the semantic and syntactic properties of the lexical items in biomedical English, so an existing frame needs to be customized (c) the frame(s) evoked in general English are different, so either the customization of an existing frame or the addition of a new frame is necessary.
Reply to comment on ‘Alpha decay of thermally excited nuclei’
Authors: Perez Velasquez J E , Kelkar N G , Caballero O L 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
A recent Comment by P Mohr has discussed our results for 212Po within the statistical approach, presented in our paper. Following the comment, we have recalculated the 212Po half-lives at elevated temperatures and confirm that there is indeed a decrease in the half-lives with increasing ambient temperatures, however, it is not as large as we reported for this approach. The overestimate was due to a numerical error in one of the calculations. In this reply we provide further discussions, and a new table has been provided here and in a corrigendum.
Oscillation dynamics of m/n= 3/1 double tearing mode
Authors: Lu X Q , Guo W , Ma Z W , Zhang H W , Guo W F 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This study systematically investigates the roles of the plasma viscosity and resistivity in the oscillation dynamics during the decay phase of the m/n = 3/1 double tearing mode using the Ci-Liu-Ti (CLT) code. The primary objectives of this research are to examine the driving and suppressing mechanisms of the oscillation. The oscillation and steady-state are the result of the competition between the external injection and the reconnection annihilation of magnetic flux during the decay phase. In a regime with a higher viscosity (or a lower resistivity), the steady-state arises from the significant damping (weak generation) of plasma flows, resulting in the formation of saturated islands. In a regime with a lower viscosity (or a higher resistivity), the suppression of the oscillation amplitude can be attributed to a strong residual flow that quickly takes the injected magnetic flux away toward to the reconnection region, which caused no enough accumulated magnetic flux to drive oscillations and the system evolves toward a steady-state configuration. The steady-state condition results in the generation of a narrow radial vortex region which promotes formation of internal transport barriers. The upper threshold of the resistivity within the low-resistivity regime to achieve a steady-state decreases as the viscosity increases.
Invariance analysis of thermophoretic motion equation depicting the wrinkle propagation in substrate-supported Graphene sheets
Authors: Usman M , Hussain A , Zaman F D 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This article discusses the thermophoretic motion (TM) equation that is used to describe soliton-like thermophoresis of wrinkles in Graphene sheet based on the Korteweg–de Vries (KdV) equation. Wrinkle-like exact solutions are constructed using the Lie group method and modified auxiliary equation (MAE) approach. A graphic analysis of the solutions is done to show how various parameters may change the attributes of the solutions, such as breadth, amplitude, shape, and open direction.
Euclid: modelling massive neutrinos in cosmology — a code
comparison
Authors:   Euclid Consortium
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The measurement of the absolute neutrino mass scale from cosmological
large-scale clustering data is one of the key science goals of the
Euclid mission. Such a measurement relies on
precise modelling of the impact of neutrinos on structure formation, which
can be studied with N -body simulations. Here we
present the results from a major code comparison effort to establish the
maturity and reliability of numerical methods for treating massive
neutrinos. The comparison includes eleven full N
-body implementations (not all of them independent), two
N -body schemes with approximate time
integration, and four additional codes that directly predict or emulate the
matter power spectrum. Using a common set of initial data we quantify the
relative agreement on the nonlinear power spectrum of cold dark matter and
baryons and, for the N -body codes, also the
relative agreement on the bispectrum, halo mass function, and halo bias. We
find that the different numerical implementations produce fully consistent
results. We can therefore be confident that we can model the impact of
massive neutrinos at the sub-percent level in the most common summary
statistics. We also provide a code validation pipeline for future reference.
The ALMA Interferometric Pipeline Heuristics
Authors: Hunter Todd R. , Indebetouw Remy , Brogan Crystal L. , Berry Kristin , Chang Chin-Shin , Francke Harold , Geers Vincent C. , Gómez Laura , Hibbard John E. , Humphreys Elizabeth M. , Kent Brian R. , Kepley Amanda A. , Kunneriath Devaky , Lipnicky Andrew , Loomis Ryan A. , Mason Brian S. , Masters Joseph S. , Maud Luke T. , Muders Dirk , Sabater Jose , Sugimoto Kanako , Szűcs László , Vasiliev Eugene , Videla Liza , Villard Eric , Williams Stewart J. , Xue Rui , Yoon Ilsang 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
We describe the calibration and imaging heuristics developed and deployed in the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) interferometric data processing pipeline, as of ALMA Cycle 9 operations. The pipeline software framework is written in Python, with each data reduction stage layered on top of tasks and toolkit functions provided by the Common Astronomy Software Applications package. This framework supports a variety of tasks for observatory operations, including science data quality assurance, observing mode commissioning, and user reprocessing. It supports ALMA and Very Large Array interferometric data along with ALMA and NRO 45 m single dish data, via different stages and heuristics. In addition to producing calibration tables, calibrated measurement sets, and cleaned images, the pipeline creates a WebLog which serves as the primary interface for verifying the quality assurance of the data by the observatory and for examining the contents of the data by the user. Following the adoption of the pipeline by ALMA Operations in 2014, the heuristics have been refined through annual prioritized development cycles, culminating in a new pipeline release aligned with the start of each ALMA Cycle of observations. Initial development focused on basic calibration and flagging heuristics (Cycles 2–3), followed by imaging heuristics (Cycles 4–5). Further refinement of the flagging and imaging heuristics, including the introduction of parallel processing, proceeded for Cycles 6–7. In the 2020 release, the algorithm to identify channels to use for continuum subtraction and imaging was substantially improved by the addition of a moment difference analysis. A spectral renormalization stage was added for the 2021 release (Cycle 8) to correct high spectral resolution visibility data acquired on targets exhibiting strong celestial line emission in their autocorrelation spectra. The calibration heuristics used in the low signal-to-noise regime were improved for the 2022 release (Cycle 9). In the two most recent Cycles, 97% of ALMA data sets were calibrated and imaged with the pipeline, ensuring long-term automated reproducibility of results. We conclude with a brief description of plans for future additions, including a self-calibration stage, support for multi-configuration imaging, and complete calibration and imaging of full polarization data.
Microscopic mechanism of nucleation and growth of helium bubbles in monovacancy in tungsten: helium regulates the charged states of tungsten atoms
Authors: Fu Zhao-Zhong , Wang Jiong-Rong , Pan B.C. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In fusion reactor, tungsten (W) has been selected as a candidate for plasma-facing materials due to its excellent properties. However, W-PFMs suffer from helium (He) bubbles where He atoms are produced during deuterium tritium fusion in fusion reactors. To date, there have been few contributions to uncovering the formation of He bubbles from the perspective of the microscopic electronic structure of He-mediated tungsten. In this work, we develop a tight-binding potential model for the W–He interaction to study He atom aggregation and nucleation in the electronic ground state as well as in different electronic excited states. The most important finding of this paper is that caused by the He atoms in the vacancy, some d-orbital electrons of the W atoms at the inner wall of the vacancy are transferred to the W atoms farther away from the vacancy, leading to the feature of positively charged W ions at the inner wall of the vacancy. As the number of He atoms in the vacancy increases, these W ions become more cationic. Under the repulsion between these adjacent cationic ions, the volume of vacancies increases, and more He atoms tend to gather and nucleate there. At the same time, the enhancement of the electronic excitation can also promote the abovementioned electron transfer between W atoms and further increase the vacancy volume, which increases the self-aggregation of the He atoms in the vacancy. Our results shed new light on understanding He self-aggregation in many different metal materials.
Full counting statistics and symmetry resolved entanglement for free conformal theories with interface defects
Authors: Capizzi Luca , Murciano Sara , Calabrese Pasquale 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe consider the ground state of two species of one-dimensional critical free theories coupled together via a conformal interface. They have an internalU(1) global symmetry and we investigate the quantum fluctuations of the total charge on one side of the interface, giving analytical predictions for the full counting statistics, the charged moments of the reduced density matrix and the symmetry resolved Rényi entropies. Our approach is based on the relation between the geometry with the defect and the homogeneous one, and it provides a way to characterize the spectral properties of the correlation functions restricted to one of the two species. Our analytical predictions are tested numerically, finding a perfect agreement.
The layout of the radiation shielding of the CSPEC neutron time-of-flight spectrometer at ESS — a Monte Carlo study
Authors: Grünauer Florian , Deen Pascale 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
At the European Spallation Source (ESS) the neutron
time-of-flight spectrometer CSPEC (Cold Chopper Spectrometer) is
under construction. In order to keep the background radiation level
low for neighboring instruments and to meet the radiation protection
requirements of the facility, a radiation shielding around the
spectrometer is necessary. For optimization and planning of the
radiation shielding, Monte Carlo simulations were carried out by
help of the Monte Carlo codes MCNP6 and McStas. The necessary
shielding thickness as well as the influence of gaps, breakthroughs,
doors, different samples, a beam catcher and Bragg reflections were
determined by simulations. The choice of the shielding material
(ordinary concrete) is described. The influence of variations in the
concrete composition on the dose rate was examined. It is shown that
γ-radiation from neutron capture reactions is in all cases
the dominant contribution to the dose rate outside the
shielding. The simulation results for the final version of the
instrument shielding are presented in this paper.
An 8 GeV linac as the Booster replacement in the Fermilab Power Upgrade
Authors: Neuffer D. , Belomestnykh S. , Johnson D. , Padamsee H. , Posen S. , Pozdeyev E. , Pronskikh V. , Saini A. , Solyak N. , Yakovlev V. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Increasing the Main Injector beam power above ∼ 1.2 MW
requires replacement of the 8 GeV Booster by a higher intensity
alternative. In this paper, we consider an 8 GeV linac Booster
replacement that produces 8 GeV H- beam for injection into the
Recycler Ring or Main Injector. This upgrade will maximize the beam
available for neutrino production for the long baseline DUNE
experiment to greater than 2.5 MW and enable a next generation of
intensity frontier experiments. The 8 GeV linac takes ∼ 1 GeV
beam from the PIP-II Linac and accelerates it to ∼ 2 GeV in a
650 MHz superconducting RF linac, followed by a ∼ 2 to 8 GeV
pulsed linac using 1300 MHz cryomodules. The linac components
incorporate recent improvements in superconducting RF
technology. The linac configuration and beam dynamics requirements
are presented. Injection options are discussed, including use of an
8 GeV Accumulator Ring. Foil-based injection is the present
standard but R&D toward implementing laser-assisted injection could
enable a significant improvement. Research needed to implement the
Booster replacement is described.
Data-driven approaches demonstrate legacy N accumulation in Upper Mississippi River Basin groundwater
Authors: Van Meter Kimberly J , Schultz Victor O , Chang Shuyu Y 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Increases in nitrogen (N) fertilizer application, livestock densities, and human population over the last century have led to substantial increases in nitrate contamination. While increases in riverine N loads are well-documented, the total magnitude of N accumulation in groundwater remains unknown. Here we provide a first data-driven estimate of N mass accumulation in groundwater within the Upper Mississippi River Basin (UMRB), an area of intensive row-crop agriculture and the primary contributor to Gulf of Mexico hypoxia. Using approximately 49 000 groundwater nitrate well concentration values and a suite of geospatial predictors, we developed a Random Forest model to produce gridded predictions of depth-varying nitrate concentrations. Our results suggest that approximately 15 Tg of N (328 ± 167 kg-N ha−1) is currently stored in UMRB groundwater recharged over the last 50 years. For context, we compare these predictions to those from a lumped statistical model, which predicts accumulation of 387 ± 133 kg-N ha−1, as well as to a simple N mass balance model of the UMRB, which puts an upper bound on accumulation of approximately 1000 kg-N ha−1 (1967–2017). These findings highlight the importance of considering legacy N when forecasting future water quality, as N in the subsurface will continue to impair drinking water quality and elevate surface water N concentrations for decades to come.
Quantifying synergistic effects of multi-temporal ecosystem service bundles for degraded ecosystem restoration: a case study in Hubei Province, China
Authors: Liu Wenping , Yu Peimeng 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Ecological restoration is vital for combating ecosystem degradation and enhancing ecosystem services. However, conventional approaches typically tend to focus on a single ecosystem service at a particular time, resulting in a limited understanding of the interactions and trade-offs among various services. This study proposes a novel method that utilizes ecosystem service bundles (ESBs) over time to identify degraded areas of prioritize restoration efforts. By employing ESBs, double-counting is avoided, and accuracy is improved. In this study, the area of degraded ecosystems identified based on ESBs accounted for approximately 40.27% of the total area of individual ecosystem service degradation. Restoration measures are shown to vary in effectiveness for different ESBs across different scenarios, with land-to-lake restoration improving ESB II (flood regulation services), while other measures significantly enhance ESB I (pollination services, habitat provision services, and carbon sequestration services). Strengthening shelterbelts on both sides of rivers, lakes and wetlands, as well as expanding habitat restoration scope, can effectively improve both ESB I and ESB II. Artificial afforestation can boost all three ESBs simultaneously, but its impact is limited due to land availability. Restoration efforts may also result in trade-offs, with ESB III (water production services and soil conservation services) declining. The findings provide decision-makers with a useful tool for prioritizing ecological restoration areas and selecting appropriate restoration measures to enhance multiple ecosystem services synergistically.
Oxylipin concentration shift in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients
Authors: Borras Eva , McCartney Mitchell M , Rojas Dante E , Hicks Tristan L , Tran Nam K , Tham Tina , Juarez Maya M , Franzi Lisa , Harper Richart W , Davis Cristina E , Kenyon Nicholas J 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Infection of airway epithelial cells with severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can lead to severe respiratory tract damage and lung injury with hypoxia. It is challenging to sample the lower airways non-invasively and the capability to identify a highly representative specimen that can be collected in a non-invasive way would provide opportunities to investigate metabolomic consequences of COVID-19 disease. In the present study, we performed a targeted metabolomic approach using liquid chromatography coupled with high resolution chromatography (LC-MS) on exhaled breath condensate (EBC) collected from hospitalized COVID-19 patients (COVID+) and negative controls, both non-hospitalized and hospitalized for other reasons (COVID−). We were able to noninvasively identify and quantify inflammatory oxylipin shifts and dysregulation that may ultimately be used to monitor COVID-19 disease progression or severity and response to therapy. We also expected EBC-based biochemical oxylipin changes associated with COVID-19 host response to infection. The results indicated ten targeted oxylipins showing significative differences between SAR-CoV-2 infected EBC samples and negative control subjects. These compounds were prostaglandins A2 and D2, LXA4, 5-HETE, 12-HETE, 15-HETE, 5-HEPE, 9-HODE, 13-oxoODE and 19(20)-EpDPA, which are associated with specific pathways (i.e. P450, COX, 15-LOX) related to inflammatory and oxidative stress processes. Moreover, all these compounds were up-regulated by COVID+, meaning their concentrations were higher in subjects with SAR-CoV-2 infection. Given that many COVID-19 symptoms are inflammatory in nature, this is interesting insight into the pathophysiology of the disease. Breath monitoring of these and other EBC metabolites presents an interesting opportunity to monitor key indicators of disease progression and severity.
Effect of gradient temperature rolling process on precipitation behavior in Q690D steel
Authors: Gao Zhao-hai , Yu Wei , Xu Shao-pu , Chen Xu , Cai Qing-wu 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In this paper, the second phase precipitation model is incorporated into the finite element simulation system of hot rolling process through the secondary development subprogram VUSDFLD of ABAQUS, and the simulation analysis and calculation of nucleation rate, volume fraction and size of precipitates under different temperature fields and strain fields are realized. The size, morphology and distribution of the microalloyed carbonitride precipitates in Q690D steel under gradient temperature rolling (GTR) and uniform temperature rolling (UTR) were studied by laboratory rolling experiments. The results show that the nucleation sites of the microalloyed carbonitride precipitates in the matrix increase under GTR, which is conducive to the nucleation of new precipitates and promotes the re dissolution of large precipitates. Finally, after tempering, the precipitate particles are distributed randomly on the ferrite matrix, and the size is refined by 20 ∼ 35 nm, resulting in obvious precipitation strengthening and microstructure refining effects.