bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimizing electrophysiology studies to prevent sudden cardiac death after myocardial infarction
Authors: Kovoor Joshua G , Deshmukh Tejas , von Huben Amy , Marschner Simone L , Byth Karen , Chow Clara K , Zaman Sarah , Chong James J H , Thiagalingam Aravinda , Kovoor Pramesh 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Aims
This study assessed associations of minimum final extrastimulus coupling interval utilized within electrophysiology study (EPS) after myocardial infarction (MI) and possible site of origin of induced ventricular tachycardia (VT) with long-term occurrence of spontaneous ventricular tachyarrhythmia and long-term survival.

Methods and results
This prospective study recruited consecutive patients with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤ 40% who underwent EPS days 3–5 after MI between 2004 and 2017. Positive EPS was defined as sustained monomorphic VT cycle length ≥200 ms for ≥10 s or shorter duration if haemodynamic compromise occurred. Each of the four extrastimuli was shortened by 10 ms at a time, until it failed to capture the ventricle (ventricular refractoriness) or induced ventricular tachyarrhythmia. Outcomes included spontaneous ventricular tachyarrhythmia occurrence and all-cause mortality. Shorter coupling interval length of final extrastimulus that induced VT was associated with higher risk of spontaneous ventricular tachyarrhythmia (P &lt; 0.001). Significantly higher rates of spontaneous ventricular tachyarrhythmia (65.2% vs. 23.2%; P &lt; 0.001) were observed for final coupling interval at EPS &lt;200 ms vs. &gt;200 ms. Right bundle branch block (RBBB) morphology of induced VT, with possible site of origin from the left ventricle, was associated with all-cause mortality [hazard ratio (HR) 3.2, P = 0.044] and a composite of spontaneous ventricular tachyarrhythmia recurrence or mortality (HR 1.8, P = 0.043).

Conclusion
Ventricular tachycardia induced with shorter coupling intervals was associated with higher risk of spontaneous ventricular tachyarrhythymia on follow-up, indicating that the final extrastimulus coupling interval at EPS early after MI should be determined by ventricular refractoriness. Induced VT with possible origin from left ventricle was associated with increased risk of spontaneous ventricular tachyarrhythmia recurrence or death.
Pharmacy preceptor training: addressing the challenges of clinical supervision in community practice
Authors: Knott Gillian J , Mylrea Martina F , Glass Beverley D 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Pharmacist preceptors are fundamental to experiential placements and their training is considered essential to provide a quality and consistent student placement experience. To optimise the impact of training, the views of key stakeholders are required to inform the design of a training program. This commentary aims to synthesise the perceptions of the stakeholders, including community pharmacy preceptors, academic staff and students on preceptor training requirements. Their opinions were sought to gain an understanding of preceptor roles and associated skills and attributes, training and support requirements, and barriers and enablers to training. Responses indicated a preference for a flexible online training program, with content including an overview of the university curriculum and expectations, teaching strategies, how to provide feedback and student management. A role was identified for the university to acknowledge the work of preceptors and ensure that they are included in their plans for future experiential placement activities and curriculum development. Several barriers were identified, which challenged precepting, providing the opportunity for this commentary to focus on preceptor training that will address these key challenges, in the context of a clinical teaching environment.
Fibrotic Burden in Patients With Hepatitis B Virus–Related Cirrhosis Is Independently Associated With Poorer Kidney Outcomes
Authors: Jung Chan-Young , Jung Hui-Yun , Kim Hyung Woo , Ryu Geun Woo , Lee Jung Il , Ahn Sang Hoon , Kim Seung Up , Kim Beom Seok 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
We investigated whether higher fibrotic burden was independently associated with poorer kidney outcomes in patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV)–related cirrhosis.

Methods
A total of 1691 patients with radiologically diagnosed HBV-related cirrhosis but without baseline chronic kidney disease (CKD) who underwent transient elastography (TE) between March 2012 and August 2018 were selected. The study outcome was the composite of development of incident CKD, defined as the occurrence of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) &lt;60 mL/minute/1.73 m2 or proteinuria (≥1+ on dipstick test) on 2 consecutive measurements during follow-up, 50% decline in eGFR or onset of end-stage kidney disease (initiation of chronic dialysis), or all-cause mortality.

Results
The mean age was 53.4 years and 1030 (60.9%) patients were male. During 8379 person-years of follow-up (median 5.2 years), 60 (3.5%) patients experienced study outcomes. When stratified according to TE-defined fibrotic burden, multivariable Cox models revealed that risk of poorer kidney outcomes was 2.77-fold (95% confidence interval, 1.16–6.63; P &lt; .001) higher in patients with liver stiffness range indicating cirrhosis (≥11.7 kPa), compared to those without significant liver fibrosis (&lt;7.9 kPa). These associations remained significant even after adjusting for vigorous confounders.

Conclusions
Higher fibrotic burden assessed using TE was independently associated with poorer kidney outcomes in patients with HBV-related cirrhosis.
Microsoft's Challenge to US Militarization of Cyberspace: A Lacanian Study of Norm Entrepreneurship
Authors: Jacobsen Jeppe T 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Microsoft is making strategic attempts to change the US government's practices of exploiting technical vulnerabilities in Microsoft software for military and intelligence purposes. So far, these efforts have not borne fruit. Microsoft's strategy has much in common with one of the most common strategies proposed by the International Relations literature on norm entrepreneurship in terms of exposing the contradictions between the government's ideals and practices. The article contributes to this literature by examining Microsoft's strategy through Lacanian psychoanalysis and suggests that it fails to work as intended, not because the US public or those in government remains unaware of the contradictions, but because the strategy is unable to address the existing desire to transgress the cyber ideals. Lacan's formula for transformation, the Analyst Discourse, provides an alternative framework for examining norm entrepreneurial potential in light of such transgressions. It proposes that the entrepreneur must occupy a position as the (psycho)analyst who hystericizes the norm violator. The article revisits Microsoft's attempt to halt the militarization of cyberspace and argues that the proposal of becoming a “Cyber Red Cross” holds a potential to hystericize but cannot succeed as long as Microsoft refuses to repress its status as a profitable cyber expert.
Do you want to promote recall, perceptions, or behavior? The best data visualization depends on the communication goal
Authors: Ancker Jessica S , Benda Natalie C , Zikmund-Fisher Brian J 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Data visualizations can be effective and inclusive means for helping people understand health-related data. Yet numerous high-quality studies comparing data visualizations have yielded relatively little practical design guidance because of a lack of clarity about what communicators want their audience to accomplish. When conducting rigorous evaluations of communication (eg, applying the ISO 9186 method), describing the process simply as evaluating “comprehension” or “interpretation” of visualizations fails to do justice to the true range of outcomes being studied. We present newly developed taxonomies of outcome measures and tasks that are guiding a large-scale systematic review of the health numbers communication literature. Using these taxonomies allows a designer to determine whether a specific data presentation format or feature supports or inhibits the desired audience cognitions, feelings, or behaviors. We argue that taking a granular, outcomes-based approach to designing and evaluating information visualization research is essential to deriving practical, actionable knowledge from it.
Southern Red-backed Vole (Myodes gapperi) habitat associations in northern New England forests
Authors: Tisell Honora B , Degrassi Allyson L , Stephens Ryan B , Rowe Rebecca J 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Understanding habitat selection is fundamental to addressing the response of a species to disturbance. Because resources are unevenly distributed across the landscape, habitat selection occurs at multiple scales. We used capture–mark–recapture and radiotelemetry techniques to quantify the macrohabitat and microhabitat associations that define space use of the Southern Red-backed Vole (Myodes gapperi) in northeastern forests. Macrohabitat characteristics were evaluated at the scale of the forest stand by comparing conditions between visited and unvisited trap stations and suggest red-backed voles have an affinity for locations with higher basal area of Eastern Hemlock (Tsuga canadensis) and more coarse woody material. For microhabitat characteristics we modeled the influence of forest structure, ground cover, and geographic features on home range, specifically core area placement. We found that Southern Red-backed Vole core areas were associated with higher Red Maple (Acer rubrum) basal area, deeper leaf litter, greater density of hemlock stems, and closer proximity to water. The affinity of southern red-backed voles for eastern hemlock raises questions about population persistence and shifts in distribution as eastern hemlock stands are replaced by hardwood stands following infestation by Hemlock Woolly Adelgid.
Metabolomic analysis identifies the regulation of lipid metabolism pathway as potential mechanisms of Jiangzhi decoction against non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Wang Lei , Zhi Yin , Ye Ying , Zhang Miao , Mai Zhongchao , Xia Wei , Song Yanan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Objectives
To illustrate the metabolic regulatory mechanisms of Jiangzhi decoction (JZD) against non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

Methods
High-fat diet (HFD)-induced NAFLD rats were treated with JZD. The pathological morphology, lipid indexes and liver function were detected. Metabolic profiles were examined by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS). Multivariate and univariate statistical analysis were used to search the differential metabolites. Pathway enrichment analysis was carried out using Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes database. Compound-gene networks were built by Cytoscape software.

Results
JZD significantly alleviated the pathological conditions and improved lipid index levels. Multivariate analysis showed a good separation among different groups. Three hundred and twenty-seven metabolites in HFD versus control and 301 metabolites in JZD versus HFD were identified to be significantly different. Pathway enrichment analysis showed that lipid metabolism pathways were prominent altered pathways. Importantly, the relationships were more distant between JZD and HFD groups in all five lipid metabolism pathways, including arachidonic acid metabolism, linoleic acid metabolism, biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, glycerophospholipid metabolism and sphingolipid metabolism, while those were obviously closer between JZD and control groups. Simultaneously, JZD treatment restored the levels of disturbed differential metabolites in HFD group.

Conclusion
JZD had an effect on alleviating NAFLD via regulating relevant lipid metabolism.
The MillenniumTNG Project: the large-scale clustering of galaxies
Authors: Bose Sownak , Hadzhiyska Boryana , Barrera Monica , Delgado Ana Maria , Ferlito Fulvio , Frenk Carlos , Hernández-Aguayo César , Hernquist Lars , Kannan Rahul , Pakmor Rüdiger , Springel Volker , White Simon D M 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
Modern redshift surveys are tasked with mapping out the galaxy distribution over enormous distance scales. Existing hydrodynamical simulations, however, do not reach the volumes needed to match upcoming surveys. We present results for the clustering of galaxies using a new, large volume hydrodynamical simulation as part of the MillenniumTNG (MTNG) project. With a computational volume that is ≈15 times larger than the next largest such simulation currently available, we show that MTNG is able to accurately reproduce the observed clustering of galaxies as a function of stellar mass. When separated by colour, there are some discrepancies with respect to the observed population, which can be attributed to the quenching of satellite galaxies in our model. We combine MTNG galaxies with those generated using a semi-analytic model to emulate the sample selection of luminous red galaxies (LRGs) and emission-line galaxies (ELGs) and show that, although the bias of these populations is approximately (but not exactly) constant on scales larger than ≈10 Mpc, there is significant scale-dependent bias on smaller scales. The amplitude of this effect varies between the two galaxy types and between the semi-analytic model and MTNG. We show that this is related to the distribution of haloes hosting LRGs and ELGs. Using mock SDSS-like catalogues generated on MTNG lightcones, we demonstrate the existence of prominent baryonic acoustic features in the large-scale galaxy clustering. We also demonstrate the presence of realistic redshift space distortions in our mocks, finding excellent agreement with the multipoles of the redshift-space clustering measured in SDSS data.
Constraining the star formation rate using joint CIB continuum and C ii intensity mapping
Authors: Zhou Zilu , Maniyar Abhishek S , Pullen Anthony R 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
Line intensity mapping (LIM) experiments probing the nearby Universe can expect a considerable amount of cosmic infrared background (CIB) continuum emission from near and far-infrared galaxies. For the purpose of using LIM to constrain the star formation rate (SFR), we argue that the CIB continuum – traditionally treated as contamination – can be combined with the LIM signal to enhance the SFR constraints achievable. We first present a power spectrum model that combines continuum and line emissions assuming a common SFR model. We subsequently analyse the effectiveness of the joint model in the context of the EXperiment for Cryogenic Large-Aperture Intensity Mapping (EXCLAIM), which utilizes the $[{\rm C\, \small {II}}]$ molecular line to study the SFR. We numerically compute the theoretical power spectra according to our model and the EXCLAIM survey specifics, and perform Fisher analysis to forecast the SFR constraints. We find that although the joint model has no considerable advantage over LIM alone assuming the current survey level of EXCLAIM, its effects become significant when we consider more optimistic values of survey resolution and angular span that are expected of future LIM experiments. We show that the CIB is not only an additional SFR sensitive signal, but also serves to break the SFR parameter degeneracy that naturally emerges from the $[{\rm C\, \small {II}}]$ Fisher matrix. For this reason, addition of the CIB will allow improvements in the survey parameters to be better reflected in the SFR constraints, and can be effectively utilized by future LIM experiments.
Subtle Introgression Footprints at the End of the Speciation Continuum in a Clade of Heliconius Butterflies
Authors: Rougemont Quentin , Huber Bárbara , Martin Simon H , Whibley Annabel , Estrada Catalina , Solano Darha , Orpet Robert , McMillan W Owen , Frérot Brigitte , Joron Mathieu 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Quantifying gene flow between lineages at different stages of the speciation continuum is central to understanding speciation. Heliconius butterflies have undergone an adaptive radiation in wing color patterns driven partly by natural selection for local mimicry. Color patterns are also known to be used as assortative mating cues. Therefore, wing pattern divergence is considered to play a role in speciation. A corollary is that mimicry between closely related species may be associated with hybridization and interfere with reproductive isolation. Here, we take a multifaceted approach to explore speciation history, species boundaries, and traits involved in species differentiation between the two closely related species, Heliconius hecale and Heliconius ismenius. We focus on geographic regions where the two species mimic each other and contrast this with geographic regions where they do not mimic each other. To examine population history and patterns of gene flow, we tested and compared a four-population model accounting for linked selection. This model suggests that the two species have remained isolated for a large part of their history, yet with a small amount of gene exchange. Accordingly, signatures of genomic introgression were small except at a major wing pattern allele and chemosensing genes and stronger in the mimetic populations compared with nonmimetic populations. Behavioral assays confirm that visual confusion exists but that short-range cues determine strong sexual isolation. Tests for chemical differentiation between species identified major differences in putative pheromones which likely mediate mate choice and the maintenance of species differences.
Photographic Images in Documentary Film
Authors: Hallas Roger 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Beginning in the mid-twentieth century, Chapter 1 analyzes the roles of cinematography and editing in documentary film’s incorporation of photographic images as historical evidence. Historical documentaries of the 1950s established contrastive strategies for integrating photographic images, which would lay the foundations for two distinct traditions within postwar documentary film practice: a disjunctive one that plays with the tension between the cinematic and the photographic, and an integrative one that attempts to render the photographic image more cinematic. While the modernism of the disjunctive strategy would find its fullest manifestation in the 1960s photofilm, the narrative immersion of the integrative strategy was enhanced and popularized in the 1990s by the documentaries of Ken Burns. Digital special effects have generated new visual strategies for rendering photographs more cinematic, but they can also paradoxically produce uncanny effects that draw greater attention to the visual artifice of the digitally altered photograph.
Discoveries and Restitutions of the Photographic Archive
Authors: Hallas Roger 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Chapter four engages with photographic authorship, materiality, and archives. As the global art world embraced photography as a legitimate art commodity, curators and dealers were eager to discover new photographic artists in the dispersed, non-institutional archives of vernacular photography, particularly commercial studio photographers. Documentaries about such archival discoveries address legitimation in relation to not only the photographer but also the curator, dealer, or collector who claims to have discovered them. The photographers and collectors become parallel protagonists in narratives, affirmative and critical, about commodification, ownership, exploitation, and cultural recognition. The latter half of the chapter analyzes cultural and physical restitution, through documentaries that critically challenge and reverse the art world’s appropriation of amateur, studio, and press photography by returning the photographs to their original cultural contexts. Such films ultimately raise the question of how preservation might be rethought and what role documentary film may play in its reconceptualization.
Encounters with Photographic Portraits
Authors: Hallas Roger 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Chapter 5 integrates the main themes of the book through a consideration of documentary film’s engagement with photography’s most prevalent genre, the portrait. Its history is marked by “a shadow archive” encompassing two dialectical traditions of modern subjectification: the “honorific” portrait, a method of bourgeois self-affirmation, and the “repressive” portrait, which served to categorize, pathologize, and discipline bodies within modernity. The chapter addresses the quandary of how filmmakers use the repressive portrait by tapping into a fundamental and transmedial dynamic of the visual portrait, its capacity to engender iconic presence (the presence-absence of its depicted subject). Such presence-absence becomes foundational for any intersubjective encounter among photographer, photographed subject, filmmaker, filmed subject, and viewer. Ultimately, these documentaries illuminate not only how film records what people do with photographic portraits to bear witness, but also how the virtual spatio-temporality of documentary film can become the site in which such testimonial acts are performed.
Science
Authors: Hunter Angela , Wilkin Rebecca 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Part I argues that gender inequality is the result of sexist bias (masculine vanity) in the history of the sciences and medicine from antiquity forward, with special attention to the body in the natural philosophy of the early modern period and eighteenth century. It critiques the way sexual difference is used to naturalize and justify gender inequality and the subordination of women. It focuses on anatomy, physiology, chemistry, botany, and, in particular, theories of reproduction and comparisons of humans to animals. It also continues the Cartesian philosopher François Poulain de la Barre’s argument about examining prejudice with respect to gender.
History and Religion
Authors: Hunter Angela , Wilkin Rebecca 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Part II engages in feminist historiography. Claiming that women are absent from the historical record only because (male) historians have written them out of it, this section transforms the old genre of the Querelle des femmes through its global aspirations. Testimony from travel narratives provides examples of female rulers up to the modern colonial era as well as ethnographic evidence that disproves the universality of women’s inequality to men. Salic law, which excluded women from the throne of France, is criticized as a fabrication. The exclusion of women from roles of ecclesiastical authority is discredited as an innovation through evidence gleaned in canon law, while compilations of legal cases are used to demonstrate the resistance of French female monastic orders to their disenfranchisement and enclosure following the Council of Trent.
Law
Authors: Hunter Angela , Wilkin Rebecca 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Part III claims that the subordination of women to men violates natural law, while historicizing inequality in early modern France as a legal construction achieved through revisions to marriage law. In the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, French jurists concentrated power and resources in the hands of male heads of families based on reductive interpretations of Roman law. Claiming that Roman wives and their property had been in perpetual tutelage to men, French jurists diminished the property rights of married women in France. The unequal terms of modern marriage did not originate in accepted forms of Roman marriage but rather in the disreputable (and unequal) institution of concubinage. The resulting marriage contract legalizes the despoilment of women for the benefit of men. The double standards of punishment for adultery and the lack of enforcement of laws against rape are also addressed.