bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dating rare earth element enrichment in deep-sea sediments using U-Pb geochronology of bioapatite
Authors: Li Dengfeng , Peng Jinzhou , Chew David , Liang Yongjia , Hollings Pete , Fu Yu , Dong Yanhui , Sun Xiaoming 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Deep-sea sediments rich in rare earth elements and yttrium (REY) are promising mineral resources that are believed to be associated with the burial of fish debris. However, the nature of the REY enrichment is poorly understood, in part due to a lack of robust age constraints. We report bioapatite U-Pb ages from an Ocean Drilling Program (Leg 199, Hole 1218A) core and a REY-rich sedimentary core from the Pacific Ocean, which yielded U-Pb ages ranging from 22.8 to 18.2 Ma and 6.5 to 2.2 Ma, respectively. The U-Pb fish teeth ages from the 1218A core are consistent with biostratigraphic constraints, shed light on the application of the U-Pb bioapatite chronometer, and yield an absolute time scale for stratigraphy, especially for sequences deposited below the calcite compensation depth (CCD), where there is an absence of fossil carbonate. The successful measurement of U-Pb ages from REY-enriched fish teeth in the REY-rich sediment core suggests the mineralization occurred no later than the Miocene in the western Pacific Ocean. Uranium is positively correlated with REY, suggesting that the U and REY were incorporated into the fish teeth lattice simultaneously, making the bioapatite U-Pb chronometer suitable for constraining the timing of REY mineralization. When combined with published data, our study suggests that the Miocene REY accumulation event in the western Pacific Ocean was influenced by high P2O5 and MnO2 contents correlated with oxic bottom water.
Effect of the maternal childbirth experience on a subsequent birth: a retrospective 7-year cohort study of primiparas in Finland
Authors: Joensuu Johanna Maria , Saarijärvi Hannu , Rouhe Hanna , Gissler Mika , Ulander Veli-Matti , Heinonen Seppo , Torkki Paulus , Mikkola Tomi 
Published: March 2023

ObjectiveTo study the effect of the childbirth experience on the likelihood and interval to a subsequent live birth.DesignRetrospective analysis of a 7-year cohort.SettingChildbirths in Helsinki University Hospital delivery units.ParticipantsAll parturients giving birth to a term and living baby from a single pregnancy in Helsinki University Hospital delivery units from January 2012 to December 2018 (n=120 437). Parturients delivering their first child (n=45 947) were followed until the birth of a subsequent child or the end of 2018.Main outcome measureThe interval to a subsequent childbirth connected to the experience of the first childbirth was the primary outcome of the study.ResultsA negative first childbirth experience decreases the likelihood of delivering a subsequent child during the follow-up (adjusted HR=0.81, 95% CI 0.76 to 0.86) compared with those experiencing the first childbirth as positive. For parturients with a positive childbirth experience, the median interval to a subsequent delivery was 3.90 years (3.84–3.97) compared with 5.29 years (4.86–5.97) after a negative childbirth experience.ConclusionThe negative childbirth experience influences reproductive decisions. Consequently, more focus should be placed on understanding and managing the antecedents of positive/negative childbirth experiences.
Individualised risk prediction model for exacerbations in patients with severe asthma: protocol for a multicentre real-world risk modelling study
Authors: Lee Tae Yoon , Sadatsafavi Mohsen , Yadav Chandra Prakash , Price David B , Beasley Richard , Janson Christer , Koh Mariko Siyue , Roy Rupsa , Chen Wenjia 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionSevere asthma is associated with a disproportionally high disease burden, including the risk of severe exacerbations. Accurate prediction of the risk of severe exacerbations may enable clinicians to tailor treatment plans to an individual patient. This study aims to develop and validate a novel risk prediction model for severe exacerbations in patients with severe asthma, and to examine the potential clinical utility of this tool.Methods and analysisThe target population is patients aged 18 years or older with severe asthma. Based on the data from the International Severe Asthma Registry (n=8925), a prediction model will be developed using a penalised, zero-inflated count model that predicts the rate or risk of exacerbation in the next 12 months. The risk prediction tool will be externally validated among patients with physician-assessed severe asthma in an international observational cohort, the NOVEL observational longiTudinal studY (n=1652). Validation will include examining model calibration (ie, the agreement between observed and predicted rates), model discrimination (ie, the extent to which the model can distinguish between high-risk and low-risk individuals) and the clinical utility at a range of risk thresholds.Ethics and disseminationThis study has obtained ethics approval from the Institutional Review Board of National University of Singapore (NUS-IRB-2021-877), the Anonymised Data Ethics and Protocol Transparency Committee (ADEPT1924) and the University of British Columbia (H22-01737). Results will be published in an international peer-reviewed journal.Trial registration numberEuropean Union electronic Register of Post-Authorisation Studies, EU PAS Register (EUPAS46088).
Identification of Closely Spaced Modes of a Long-Span Suspension Bridge Based on Bayesian Inference
Authors: Mao Jianxiao , Su Xun , Wang Hao , Yan Huan , Zong Hai 
Published: March 2023

Closely spaced modes commonly observed in long-span suspension bridges can greatly increase the difficulty of identifying and tracking modal parameters. Most existing studies generally focus on identifying the closely spaced modes and quantifying the uncertainties based on numerical and experimental models. Further research focusing on full-scale long-span bridges is still required. A case study on identifying the closely spaced modes of the Qixiashan Yangtze River Bridge, a long-span suspension bridge with a main span of 1 418 m, is conducted in this paper. The effectiveness of the generalized fast Bayesian fast Fourier transform (GFBFFT) method is verified by both the simulated and monitoring data. The results show that a larger coefficient of variation (COV) and higher uncertainty is typically contained in the closely spaced modes than the separated modes. Compared with the FDD and SSI methods, the GFBFFT method guarantees higher identification accuracy of modal parameters and can serve as a reliable tool to identify the closely spaced modes.
Corrigendum: Group gradations on Leavitt path algebras
Authors: Lundström Patrik , Öinert Johan 
Published: March 2023

The results that are stated in P. Nystedt and J. Öinert [Group gradations on Leavitt path algebras, J. Algebra Appl. 19(9) (2020) 2050165, Sec. 4] hold true, but due to an oversimplification some of the proofs are incomplete. The purpose of this note is to amend and complete the affected proofs.
Discriminative Role of Invasive Left Heart Catheterization in Patients Suspected of Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction
Authors: Choi Ki Hong , Yang Jeong Hoon , Seo Jeong Hun , Hong David , Youn Taeho , Joh Hyun Sung , Lee Seung Hun , Kim Darae , Park Taek Kyu , Lee Joo Myung , Song Young Bin , Choi Jin‐Oh , Hahn Joo‐Yong , Choi Seung‐Hyuk , Gwon Hyeon‐Cheol , Jeon Eun‐Seok 
Published: March 2023

Background
Recently, diastolic stress testing and invasive hemodynamic measurements have been emphasized for diagnosis of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) because when determined using noninvasive parameters it can fall into a nondiagnostic intermediate range. The current study evaluated the discriminative and prognostic roles of invasive measured left ventricular end‐diastolic pressure in the population with suspected HFpEF, particularly for patients with intermediate Heart Failure Association Pre‐test Assessment, Echocardiography & Natriuretic Peptide, Functional Testing, Final Etiology (HFA‐PEFF) score.

Methods and Results

A total of 404 patients with symptoms or signs of HF and preserved left ventricular systolic function were enrolled. All subjects underwent left heart catheterization with left ventricular end‐diastolic pressure measurement for confirmation of HFpEF (≥16 mm Hg). The primary outcome was all‐cause death or readmission due to HF within 10 years. Among the study population, 324 patients (80.2%) were diagnosed as invasively confirmed HFpEF, and 80 patients (19.8%) were as noncardiac dyspnea. The patients with HFpEF showed a significantly higher HFA‐PEFF score than the patients with noncardiac dyspnea (3.8±1.8 versus 2.6±1.5,
P
<0.001). The discriminative ability of the HFA‐PEFF score for diagnosing HFpEF was modest (area under the curve, 0.70 [95% CI, 0.64–0.75],
P
<0.001). The HFA‐PEFF score was associated with a significantly higher 10‐year risk of death or HF readmission (per‐1 increase, hazard ratio [HR], 1.603 [95% CI, 1.376–1.868],
P
<0.001). Among the 226 patients with an intermediate HFA‐PEFF score (2–4), those with invasively confirmed HFpEF had a significantly higher risk of death or HF readmission within 10 years than the patients with noncardiac dyspnea (24.0% versus 6.9%, HR, 3.327 [95% CI, 1.109–16.280],
P
=0.030).

Conclusions
The HFA‐PEFF score is a moderately useful tool for predicting future adverse events in suspected HFpEF, and invasively measured left ventricular end‐diastolic pressure can provide additional information to discriminate patient prognosis, particularly in those with intermediate HFA‐PEFF scores.

Registration

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT04505449.
Role of Polymorphonuclear Myeloid‐Derived Suppressor Cells and Neutrophils in Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Yan Haomin , Kawano Tomohiro , Kanki Hideaki , Nishiyama Kumiko , Shimamura Munehisa , Mochizuki Hideki , Sasaki Tsutomu 
Published: March 2023

Background
Immune cells play a vital role in the pathology of ischemic stroke. Neutrophils and polymorphonuclear myeloid‐derived suppressor cells share a similar phenotype and have attracted increasing attention in immune regulation research, yet their dynamics in ischemic stroke remain elusive.

Methods and Results

Mice were randomly divided into 2 groups and intraperitoneally treated with anti‐Ly6G (lymphocyte antigen 6 complex locus G) monoclonal antibody or saline. Distal middle cerebral artery occlusion and transient middle cerebral artery occlusion were applied to induce experimental stroke, and mice mortality was recorded until 28 days after stroke. Green fluorescent nissl staining was used to measure infarct volume. Cylinder and foot fault tests were used to evaluate neurological deficits. Immunofluorescence staining was conducted to confirm Ly6G neutralization and detect activated neutrophils and CD11b
+
Ly6G
+
cells. Fluorescence‐activated cell sorting was performed to evaluate polymorphonuclear myeloid‐derived suppressor cell accumulation in brains and spleens after stroke. Anti‐Ly6G antibody successfully depleted Ly6G expression in mice cortex but did not alter cortical physiological vasculature. Prophylactic anti‐Ly6G antibody treatment ameliorated ischemic stroke outcomes in the subacute phase. Moreover, using immunofluorescence staining, we found that anti‐Ly6G antibody suppressed activated neutrophil infiltration into parenchyma and decreased neutrophil extracellular trap formation in penumbra after stroke. Additionally, prophylactic anti‐Ly6G antibody treatment reduced polymorphonuclear myeloid‐derived suppressor cell accumulation in the ischemic hemisphere.

Conclusions
Our study suggested a protective effect of prophylactic anti‐Ly6G antibody administration against ischemic stroke by reducing activated neutrophil infiltration and neutrophil extracellular trap formation in parenchyma and suppressing polymorphonuclear myeloid‐derived suppressor cell accumulation in the brain. This study may provide a novel therapeutic approach for ischemic stroke.
Anti-Manga: Sasaki Maki, Ishiko Junzō, and Avant-Garde Comics in Japan
Authors: Holmberg Ryan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This essay considers the theory and practice of avant-garde manga in Japan in the 1960s and early ’70s, focusing on the work of Sasaki Maki and Hayashi Seiichi in the alt-manga magazine Garo and on the writings of Ishiko Junzō, Nakahara Yūsuke, and Nakamura Hiroshi, with a view to related theories in contemporary Japanese art and experimental film, particularly “anti-art” and “image theory.”
Nora and Other Roamers: A Dialogue between Lu Xun (1881-1936) and Eileen Chang (1920-95)
Authors: Hu Ying 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This essay stages a dialogue between Lu Xun and Eileen Chang on the figure of Nora, a global icon of the burgeoning New Woman from Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll’s House. Although often thought of as belonging to diametrically opposing camps – Lu Xun political and Chang apolitical, Lu Xun a sharp critic of women’s oppression and Chang a self-conscious performer of femininity in writing style and personal styling – I argue that their concerns converge more often than one would expect, in their trenchant social critique as well as in the ways their celebrated realism unfolds into allegories of modern Chinese history. At the same time, the points of their divergence also provide us a window onto the gendered positioning of each writer and their different responses to the formation of modern subjectivity. On whether Nora should leave and where she is going, the different answers given by Lu Xun and Eileen Chang illuminate the conditions, limitations and pitfalls of this gendered subject, whose ambulatory-ness serves as a foundational metaphor of her modernity and self-determination.
Metabolites and chemical agents in the plant roots: an overview of their use in plant-parasitic nematode management
Authors: Sharma Nandni , Khanna Kanika , Jasrotia Shivam , Kumar Deepak , Bhardwaj Renu , Ohri Puja 
Published: March 2023

Summary
Plant-parasitic nematodes are devastating phytopathogens that cause substantial economic losses in the agricultural sector. There are numerous management measures available to reduce the threat posed by plant-parasitic nematodes. One of the most effective management strategies is the use of synthetic chemical nematicides. However, many of these chemicals negatively impact the environment and health of non-target organisms, so there is great urgency for finding new environmentally safe and sustainable approaches for managing plant-parasitic nematodes. Plant roots release numerous metabolites that possess defensive properties; thus, it is imperative to understand the root-regulated interactions among plants and nematodes that form the basis for managing plant-parasitic nematodes. The present review focuses on the root metabolites and chemical agents that serve as attractants, repellents, stimulators, or inhibitors for nematodes. They influence plant resistance by modifying plant physiology to resist nematodes and can also inhibit nematode growth and development by secreting antinematode chemicals. The ultimate goal of this review is to focus mainly on the current state of knowledge on the interaction between plant roots and the potential of these compounds in management of plant-parasitic nematodes.
Molecular and morphological characterisation of some arabica coffee-associated parasitic nematodes in Gera and Gomma districts of southwest Ethiopia
Authors: Singh Phougeishangbam Rolish , Aseffa Abebe W. , Meressa Beira Hailu , Couvreur Marjolein , Karssen Gerrit , Bert Wim 
Published: March 2023

Summary
A study of coffee rhizospheres collected from six coffee fields in the Gera and Gomma districts of Jimma Zone, southwest Ethiopia, revealed the presence of 12 genera of plant-parasitic nematodes, including Belonolaimus, Criconemoides, Cryphodera, Discocriconemella, Helicotylenchus, Longidorus, Ogma, Paratylenchus, Rotylenchus, Scutellonema, Tylenchorhynchus and Xiphinema. The genera Criconemoides, Helicotylenchus, Longidorus, Paratylenchus, Tylenchorhynchus and Xiphinema were the most prevalent, detected in all soil samples with up to 1590 individuals 100 ml−1 soil for Cryphodera. Morphological and molecular analysis of three genera with higher densities revealed a single species of an unknown Cryphodera sp., Paratylenchus leptos and Tylenchorhynchus cf. zeae occurring in all soil samples. Cryphodera is reported for the first time in Africa. Molecular analyses also revealed the presence of Xiphinema citricolum and several unknown species comprising one Discocriconemella sp., one Paratylenchus sp., four Helicotylenchus spp., two Ogma spp., one Rotylenchus sp. and three Xiphinema spp. In total, 32 partial 18S, 74 D2-D3 of 28S, three ITS sequences of ribosomal DNA and 24 partial mitochondrial COI gene sequences of 16 nematode species were generated. This study demonstrates that the identities of several potentially harmful nematodes are not well known, even in relation to highly important crops such as coffee.
Comparative phylogenetic analysis of vitellogenin in species of cyst and root-knot nematodes
Authors: Wileman Hannah J. , Perry Roland N. , Davies Keith G. 
Published: March 2023

Summary
Plant-parasitic nematodes (PPN) are an economically important group of crop pests and are oviparous animals; all nutrients required to develop and ensure the survival of their unhatched progeny need to be deposited within the egg, including proteins. The most abundant protein deposited is vitellin, formed of a precursor protein vitellogenin, which has roles in transporting lipids, providing amino acids and influencing post-embryonic development. The genes encoding vitellogenin have been well studied in Caenorhabditis elegans, but little is known about vitellogenin in PPN. Using the vitellogenin gene sequences from C. elegans, homologous sequences in the genomes of some economically important cyst and root-knot nematodes were identified and hypothetical vitellogenin genes were predicted. Protein domains were then determined. Sequences were aligned using MUSCLE and then used to construct phylogenetic trees using the maximum likelihood method. With the availability of genomic data and use of online local alignment tools, the vitellogenin encoding genes from C. elegans could be aligned to PPN genomes. All predicted genes contained the same protein domains as C. elegans; Vitellogenin_N, vitellogenin open beta-sheet and von Willebrand factor domain type D. The constructed phylogenetic tree clustered the species into four groups: root-knot nematodes, two cyst nematode groups and Caenorhabditis species. By determining the hypothetical vitellogenin genes in PPN and inferring their relationships, this could form a potential basis to understand further the role of vitellogenin in cyst and root-knot nematodes.
An exploration of nematode assemblages in the hydroponic media beds of a commercial aquaponics system
Authors: Cammies Christopher , Prior Thomas , Lawson Rebecca , Gilarte Patricia , Crichton Rosemary 
Published: March 2023

Summary
Nematodes perform important ecosystem services in soils and are well studied in traditional farming, but their role in newer soil-less food production systems is unstudied. We determined the nematode assemblages from substrates within the hydroponic media beds of a commercial aquaponics system. Three substrates were studied: coir, compost and lightweight expanded clay aggregate (LECA), with the nematode assemblages ascertained via traditional morphological analysis. All substrates were suitable for nematodes but abundance was lower compared with traditional compost. Compost from within the hydroponic media beds had nematode assemblages with similar maturity indices (MI) to compost external to the system, and both composts housed nematodes with a high proportion of bacterivores, a high degree of enrichment and no structure. LECA that were regularly disturbed and had little organic build up resembled compost – highly enriched and lacking structure. LECA that had been left undisturbed for longer and allowed to accumulate more organic matter had highly structured assemblages and showed less enrichment than the other substrates. Nematode assemblages within the coir showed very little enrichment but had higher MI and were more structured than compost. Problematic plant-parasitic nematodes were not found in any of the samples. We present the first glimpse into the role of nematodes in aquaponics systems and encourage future studies to explore how nematodes in these systems affect yield and plant health.
Direct Radiative Effects of Aerosols on Numerical Weather Forecasts—A Comparison of Two Aerosol Datasets in the NCEP GFS
Authors: Cheng Anning , Yang Fanglin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This study compares aerosol direct radiative effects on numerical weather forecasts made by the NCEP Global Forecast System (GFS) with two different aerosol datasets, the Optical Properties of Aerosols and Clouds (OPAC) and MERRA-2 aerosol climatologies. The underestimation of aerosol optical depth (AOD) by OPAC over northwest Africa, central to East Africa, the Arabian Peninsula, Southeast Asia, and the Indo-Gangetic Plain, and overestimation in the storm-track regions in both hemispheres are reduced by MERRA-2. Surface downward shortwave (SW) and longwave (LW) fluxes and the top-of-the-atmosphere SW and outgoing LW fluxes from model forecasts are compared with CERES satellite observations. Forecasts made with OPAC aerosols have large radiative flux biases, especially in northwest Africa and the storm-track regions. These biases are also reduced in the forecasts made with MERRA-2 aerosols. The improvements from MERRA-2 are most noticeable in the surface downward SW fluxes. GFS medium-range weather forecasts made with the MERRA-2 aerosols demonstrated slightly improved forecast accuracy of sea level pressure and precipitation over the Indian and East Asian summer monsoon region. A stronger Africa easterly jet is produced, associated with a low pressure over the east Atlantic Ocean and west of northwest Africa. Impacts on large-scale skill scores such as 500-hPa geopotential height anomaly correlation are generally positive in the Northern Hemisphere and the Pacific and North American regions in both the winter and summer seasons.