bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tribology technologies for gears in loss of lubrication conditions: a review
Authors: Braumann Lorenz , de Viteri Virginia Sáenz , Morhard Bernd , Lohner Thomas , Ochoa Jaime , Amri Hanns 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Transmission systems for the aviation industry are continuously pushed to new and extreme limits. Gears in rotorcraft transmissions or geared turbofans must withstand considerable torques while operating at high rotational speeds and temperatures. Such high-power density makes continuous lubricant supply indispensable for the transmission to operate safely. However, loss of lubrication events can occur during operation, potentially leading to gear failure and, consequently, to catastrophic events. The research community is striving to propose alternative solutions for increasing the lifetime of gears in loss of lubrication conditions. Surface and lubricant technologies, such as tribological coatings or ionic liquid additives, have shown great potential to reduce friction and wear and to increase the lifetime of gears under loss of lubrication. This paper reviews the main progress in surface technologies, such as coatings, surface texturing, and thermochemical treatments, with a focus on gear surface treatments. Furthermore, ways to decrease friction in the gear contact to increase wear and scoring resistance by lubricants and additives are discussed. The main findings highlighted in this review can support the future design of new transmission systems for aircraft and helicopters to reduce the need for the yet required secondary lubrication supply, thereby reducing space, cost, weight, and most importantly, CO2 emissions.
Novel core–shell CuO nanostructures grown on Cu powder particles by hot water treatment for binder-free supercapacitor electrodes
Authors: Haque Shanzida , Basurrah Assem , Hammer Blessing I. , Bourdo Shawn , Karabacak Tansel 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This research has successfully prepared three-dimensional leaf-like copper oxide (CuO) nanostructures on micro-sized Cu powder particles via hot water treatment (HWT). This innovative approach has led to the development of a new core–shell, binder-free, and high-surface-area supercapacitor electrode. The synthesis process involved a simple immersion of Cu powder into hot water stabilized at 75 °C for 24 h. The CuO/Cu powder obtained was combined with DI water and then deposited onto a Cu plate and subjected to annealing at 200 °C in a vacuum furnace to produce a binder-less electrode for electrochemical evaluations. Utilizing SEM and EDS, we thoroughly analyzed the morphology and composition of the CuO nanostructures. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis was utilized to unveil the crystal structure of the CuO nanostructures, confirming the presence of leaf-like morphology of CuO. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) were employed to measure the mass of the active material and its specific surface area, respectively. The electrochemical properties of CuO nanostructures were examined by cyclic voltammetry (CV) over various scan rates. The electrochemical resistance of the electrode material was observed using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results from the electrochemical tests indicated that a peak-specific capacitance of around 220 F/g was achieved when the scan rate was set at 5 mV/s using Na2SO4 electrolyte. Furthermore, the capacitance retention rate was about 38% after 1500 consecutive cycles. Our findings indicate that the HWT-grown CuO/Cu nanostructured powder shows promise for pseudo-supercapacitor applications, which could potentially bring about a revolution in the field of energy storage.

Graphical Abstract
FEMOSEAL CLOSE: multi-centre observational study with FemoSeal™ vascular closure device following peripheral percutaneous endovascular procedures
Authors: Gouëffic Yann , Deloose Koen , Dubosq Maxime , Zeller Thomas 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
The purpose of the FEMOSEAL CLOSE study was to assess the safety and effectiveness of FemoSeal™ vascular closure device in achieving haemostasis following transfemoral peripheral procedures in routine clinical practice.

Materials and methods
This prospective, European, multi-centre, single-arm, post-market clinical follow-up study enrolled patients undergoing diagnostic or interventional peripheral endovascular procedures with FemoSeal™ vascular closure device in inpatient or outpatient settings. The primary endpoint was a composite of safety and effectiveness, with effectiveness defined as cessation of arterial bleeding without adjunctive treatment, and safety as freedom from major vascular complications in the first 6 h. Secondary endpoints included: minor access-site complications and major complications 6 h to 30 days post-procedure, and time to haemostasis, ambulation and discharge. Quality of life was assessed at baseline, discharge and 30-day follow-up. Device usability was also surveyed.

Results
Between December 2021 and July 2022, 230 patients were enrolled in three European centres. The primary composite endpoint was achieved in 95.1% (215/226) [95% confidence interval: 91.46–97.55] of patients. The effectiveness component was achieved in 96.9% (219/226) [95% confidence interval: 93.70–98.70], and the safety component in 95.2% (220/230) [95% confidence interval: 92.15–97.90] of patients. FemoSeal™ vascular closure device deployment failure occurred in 1.6% (4/230) of cases, with subsequent manual compression achieving haemostasis. The median time to haemostasis was 0.42 min.

Conclusions
The study device provides effective haemostasis and low rates of access-site complications up to 30 days post-procedure for patients undergoing peripheral endovascular interventions. It demonstrates good performance with rapid haemostasis.

Trial registration
The study is registered at clinicaltrials.gov. (ClinicalTrials identifier: NCT05027698).
The Oxytocin System and Implications for Oxytocin Deficiency in Hypothalamic-Pituitary Disease
Authors: Aulinas Anna , Lawson Elizabeth A 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Oxytocin is a hypothalamic-posterior pituitary hormone with multiple effects, ranging from regulation of energy homeostasis to bone health and psychological wellbeing, in addition to its well-known effects in labor and lactation. Patients with hypothalamic and pituitary damage have a higher risk for medical and psychiatric comorbidities despite standard-of-care hormone replacement, and a clinically relevant oxytocin deficient state has been identified in patients with arginine vasopressin deficiency (formerly known as central diabetes insipidus) in the last decade. Therefore, oxytocin deficiency in patients with hypothalamic and pituitary damage is an emerging field. While intranasal oxytocin is readily available to patients, it is not FDA-approved in the US and the quality of compounded formulations is unclear. In addition, more research is needed to establish safety and efficacy of oxytocin-based therapeutics in patients with hypothalamic and pituitary damage before recommending treatment. This Review summarizes the current knowledge of the oxytocin system, oxytocin deficiency in other clinical conditions and relevance to patients with hypothalamic and pituitary damage. We highlight emerging data supporting oxytocin deficiency in hypothalamic-pituitary disease, diagnostic challenges, development of therapeutic strategies, and future research directions to advance the field.
Age‐related differences in agility are related to both muscle strength and corticospinal tract function
Authors: MacKenzie Evan G. , Bray Nick W. , Raza Syed Z. , Newell Caitlin J. , Murphy Hannah M. , Ploughman Michelle 
Published: February 2025

AbstractAgility is essential for “healthy” aging, but neuromuscular contributions to age‐related differences in agility are not entirely understood. We recruited healthy (n = 32) non‐athletes (30–84 years) to determine: (1) if aging is associated with agility and (2) whether muscle strength or corticospinal tract function predicts agility. We assessed muscle strength via a validated knee extension test, corticospinal tract function via transcranial magnetic stimulation, and agility via spatiotemporal values (i.e., leg length‐adjusted hop length and hop length variability) collected during a novel propulsive bipedal hopping (agility) task on an electronic walkway. Pearson correlation revealed aging is associated with leg length‐adjusted hop length (r = −0.671, p < 0.001) and hop length variability (r = 0.423, p = 0.016). Further, leg length‐adjusted hop length and hop length variability correlated with quadriceps strength (r = 0.581, p < 0.001; r = −0.364, p = 0.048) and corticospinal tract function (r = −0.384, p = 0.039; r = 0.478, p = 0.007). However, hierarchical regressions indicated that, when controlling for sex, muscle strength only predicts leg length‐adjusted hop length (R2 = 0.345, p = 0.002), whereas corticospinal tract function only predicts hop length variability (R2 = 0.239, p = 0.014). Therefore, weaker quadriceps decrease the distance hopped, and deteriorating corticospinal tract function increases variability in hop length.
Female glucagon receptor knockout mice are prone to steatosis but resistant to weight gain when fed a MASH‐promoting GAN diet and a high‐fat diet
Authors: Galsgaard Katrine D. , Elmelund Emilie , Hunt Jenna E. , Smits Mark M. , Grevengoed Trisha J. , Christoffersen Christina , Færgeman Nils J. , Havelund Jesper , Wewer Albrechtsen Nicolai J. , Holst Jens J. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractGlucagon is secreted from the pancreatic alpha cells and regulates not only hepatic glucose production, but also hepatic lipid and amino acid metabolism. Thus, glucagon provides a switch from hepatic glucose and lipid storage towards lipid and amino acid breakdown fueling glucose production during fasting. However, the effects of genetic deletion of the glucagon receptor on lipid metabolism are unclear. We therefore assessed parameters of lipid metabolism in fasted and non‐fasted male and female mice with permanent whole‐body deletion of the glucagon receptor (Gcgr−/− mice). To investigate whether Gcgr−/− mice tolerated a diet promoting metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatohepatitis (MASH) and steatosis, we fed female Gcgr−/− mice the Gubra Amylin Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (GAN) diet and high‐fat diet (HFD), respectively. We found that non‐fasted Gcgr−/− mice fed standard chow showed hypercholesterolemia and increased liver fat (borderline significant in non‐fasted male Gcgr−/− mice, but significant in the remaining groups). In the fasted state these changes were insignificant due to fasting‐induced steatosis. When challenged with a GAN diet and HFD, female Gcgr−/− mice were prone to steatosis and dyslipidemia but resistant to weight gain. Taken together, our data highlight glucagon as an important physiological regulator of not just glucose, but also hepatic lipid metabolism.
AI-driven UAV system for autonomous vehicle tracking and license plate recognition
Authors: Alotaibi Ahad , Chatwin Chris , Birch Phil 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) with image processing and autonomous flight capabilities in Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) represents a significant advancement in modern surveillance and tracking systems. This research explores a novel method for locating vehicles with pre-identified license plate numbers through an AI-enhanced framework. The proposed system captures vehicle plate details and stores them for subsequent comparison. Autonomous UAVs are deployed within a predefined area to capture high-resolution images of vehicle plates, which are then processed and analysed using advanced AI algorithms designed for optical character recognition and machine learning. Recognized plate numbers are matched against pre-stored entries in real-time. Upon identification of a match, the system accurately determines and displays the vehicle’s location, providing precise geospatial data. This approach demonstrates high precision and efficiency in vehicle tracking, significantly improving upon conventional surveillance techniques, which often rely on manual monitoring and static camera setups. The AI-driven system not only enhances the accuracy of vehicle identification but also reduces the time and human resources required. This study also explores the broader implications and potential applications of this advanced tracking system across various sectors. In law enforcement, it enables real-time tracking of stolen vehicles or suspects. In traffic management, it assists in monitoring and managing vehicle flow and enforcing parking regulations. In security monitoring, it enhances perimeter security by identifying unauthorized vehicles in restricted areas. This research underscores the system’s robustness and adaptability in various practical applications, marking a significant step forward in the field of automated surveillance and vehicle tracking.
Enhancement of the output power of a small horizontal axis wind turbine based on the optimization approach
Authors: Hamadani Ahmed AL , Deghoum Khalil , Jweeg Muhsin Jaber , Meneceur Redha , Aljibori H. S. S. , Mohammed M. N. , Abdullah Oday I. , Gherbi Mohammed T. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this research article, a developed approach was introduced for the design and optimization of small wind turbine blades based on computational tools such as FAST and QBlade to address challenges in aerodynamic analysis, structural integrity, and power output prediction. A key focus is on optimizing airfoil selection based on lift-to-drag ratios, with the NACA4412 airfoil emerging as the most suitable choice for enhancing turbine performance. The optimization process includes a linearization approach for adjusting the chord and twist angles of the blade, which proved beneficial in streamlining the design. This approach led to notable improvements in the power coefficient across a range of rotational speeds, achieving an average increase of up to 8% and boosting power generation at a wind speed by 6.38%. These findings underscore the effectiveness of a targeted, systematic design optimization in enhancing turbine efficiency and output.
Asymptotic behavior of impulsive parabolic problem with infinite-dimensional impulsive set
Authors: Kapustyan Oleksiy , Fedorenko Juliya , Temesheva Svetlana 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In the paper we consider semilinear parabolic equation with a nonlinear term

ε
⁢
f
⁢

(
u
)

{\varepsilon f(u)}

, whose trajectories undergo impulsive perturbations when they meet the impulsive set

M
=

{
∥
u
∥
=
R
}

{M=\{\|u\|=R\}}

.
We prove that for sufficiently small ε this problem generates an impulsive dynamical system which possesses a compact uniform attractor in the phase space

L
2

{L^{2}}

.
The analysis of utterances with imperative forms in Hungarian health-related fake news
Authors: Árvay Anett , Nagy C. Katalin , Szécsényi Tibor , Németh T. Enikő 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This paper aims to contribute to the linguistic detecting of disinformation by providing a corpus-based form-to-function study of Hungarian health-related fake news. It starts from the hypothesis that there is a difference between fake and real news regarding the use of directives as a potential tool of exerting pressure on readers. The most direct and strongest strategy of performing directives in Hungarian is the use of a verb with an imperative suffix. However, the same suffix can also appear without any directive function in subjunctive structures. In order to determine which function utterances containing verbs with an imperative ending have, a manual pragmatic annotation was carried out in our MedCollect corpus. Three major groups of utterances were distinguished: (i) utterances with directive function, (ii) utterances with discourse function, and (iii) utterances without any directive or discourse function. The results support our hypothesis that fake news contains a significantly higher number of directives performed using this direct strategy due to a higher motivation of placing pressure on readers.
Opioid-sparing Anesthesia Significantly Improves Early Postoperative Recovery after Cardiac Surgery: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Dou Dou , Wang Lu , Yuan Su , Jia Yuan , Yan Fuxia 
Published: February 2025

Background:
Mounting evidence indicates that opioid-sparing anesthesia (OSA) decreases opioid-related adverse events. Our goal was to determine whether OSA might improve initial recovery after cardiac surgery.

Methods:
Data from patients who underwent elective heart surgery between July 2023 and July 2024 were analyzed. Eligible patients were divided into an OSA group or a control group. Patients in the OSA group received 0.5 to 1 μg·kg−1 sufentanil and ultrasound-guided nerve block after anesthetic induction, whereas patients in the control group received traditional high-dose opioid management. Patients in both groups were managed with the same sedatives, muscle relaxants, and other drugs. The main outcome was the overall 15-item Quality of Recovery (QoR-15) survey score 24 hours after surgery.

Results:
A total of 1916 patients were scanned, and 1218 patients were included in the analysis: 392 in the OSA group and 826 in the control group. The QoR-15 global score measured 24 hours after surgery was 119.29 ± 3.25 in the OSA group and 113.87 ± 3.44 in the control group (P < 0.001). The OSA group had lower numeric rating scale scores 24 hours and 72 hours after surgery (P < 0.001) than the control group. The median (interquartile range) postoperative mechanical ventilation time was 1.0 (0–5) hours in the OSA group and 8.0 (6–14) hours in the control group (P < 0.001), and the duration of hospitalization was 11.5 (9–14) days and 12 (10–14) days, respectively (P = 0.012).

Conclusion:
OSA based on ultrasound-guided nerve blocks significantly improved QoR-15 scores after cardiac surgery and is expected to be a reasonable analgesic protocol to improve the prognosis of cardiac patients.
Clinical significance of plasma osmolarity in acute heart failure in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Malinova L. I. , Elebergenov V. N. , Tolstov S. N. , Dudakov V. A. , Denisova T. P. 
Published: February 2025

Aim. To assess the clinical significance of plasma osmolarity and its regulation in acute heart failure in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) under various revascularization strategies.Material and methods. The study included patients hospitalized with a preliminary diagnosis of STEMI and clinically significant dyspnea (n=198). Plasma osmolarity was determined upon admission by estimation. To assess the intensity of vasopressin synthesis, the copeptin level was determined using an enzyme immunoassay. The study endpoints were inhospital mortality and early complications of MI.Results. The patients in the sample were comparable by sex, age, major cardiovascular risk factors and clinical phenotype of MI that served as a reason for hospitalization. The highest rate of MI early complications and inhospital mortality was among patients with initial plasma hypoosmolarity (68,6 and 40,4%, respectively). Serum copeptin levels tended to increase in patients with initially low plasma osmolarity (p=0,178). Low baseline plasma osmolarity was associated with an increased risk of death (odds ratio (OR) 0,465, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0,238; 0,911, p=0,024), mainly due to the subgroup of patients with a conservative management strategy (OR 0,335, 95% CI 0,140; 0,803, p=0,012).Conclusion. Plasma osmolarity assessed upon admission can be used to predict inhospital mortality in patients with acute heart failure and STEMI.
Efficiency of physical rehabilitation of patients with heart failure after myocardial infarction
Authors: Aronov D. M. , Bubnova M. G. 
Published: February 2025

Aim. To study the effectiveness of a 6-month training program in patients with New York Heart Association (NYHA) class II-III heart failure (HF) after myocardial infarction (MI).Material and methods. Patients (n=40) with left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF) <45% after MI were included. Patients were randomized into the main group (n=20) with training and drug therapy and the control group (n=20) with therapy only. Training program and follow-up lasted 6 months.Results. According to the bicycle ergometry after 6 months, the main group patients demonstrated a significant increase in the intensity (by 16,4%, p<0,01) and duration (by 21,3%, p<0,01) of physical activity (PA) against a decrease in these parameters in patients of control group (by 13,9%, p<0,01 and 20,4%, p<0,01, respectively). Only in the trained patients, LVEF increased after 6 months (by 6,5%, p=0,03) versus decrease (by 8,6%, p=0,024) in the control group. Systemic vascular resistance (SVR) against the background of physical training after 6 months decreased by 180±64 dyn·s·cm−5 (p=0,001) and did not change in the control group. Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire parameters improved after 6 months with PA (by 28,4±3,8%, p=0,001) and worsened without it (by 26,9±3,6%, p=0,001). With the training program, there was a decrease in the number of angina attacks (by 31,1%, p=0,022), complaints of dyspnea (by 15%, p=0,044) and muscle fatigue (by 21,6%, p=0,039). In the control group, these indicators did not change.Conclusion. The 6-month training program for patients with NYHA class II-III HF contributed to a decrease in the severity of clinical symptoms, improved tolerance to PT, echocardiography parameters and quality of life. It is advisable to involve patients with HF and reduced LVEF in cardiac rehabilitation programs based on physical training.