bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The limits of inductive reasoning for clinical evidence appraisal – a simulation study (Protocol)
Authors: Mickenautsch Steffen , Yengopal Veerasamy 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objectives: To establish the possible likelihood of a body of evidence, inductively judged to be of ’low bias risk’/‘high-quality’ according to a limited set of appraisal criteria, of actually being error free.
Methods: We will generate 45 simulation trials and randomly assign to each 0-5 errors out of a total of 65 error domains. The trials will then be appraised for errors with a simulated appraisal tool comprising of five pre-specified error domains. Trial appraisal will yield either true positive, true negative, false negative and false positive results. From these values the negative likelihood ratio (-LR) with 95% Confidence interval (CI) will be computed. -LR computation will be repeated 25 times, each with newly generated random values for all 45 trials. The results of all 25 runs will be statistically pooled. The pooled –LR result with 95% CI will be interpreted as how likely a ’low bias risk’/‘high-quality’ rated body of evidence is to be actually error-free.
Ethics and dissemination: Ethical approval is not required for simulation-based studies. The results will be disseminated as a prior preprint version and subsequent peer-reviewed publication.
The use of IRI data in developing optimal pavement rehabilitation plan for developing countries: Palestine as a case study
Authors: Abaza Khaled A , Assi Nizar A 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This paper investigates the potential use of international roughness index (IRI) in generating optimal rehabilitation plans at the network-level. The IRI data used in the study is obtained using the portable vehicle-mounted IRIMETER-2 profilometer, which is a product of Englo LLC, Tallinn, Estonia. An optimum rehabilitation model is proposed which aims to minimize the average IRI value at the network-level subject to variable and budget constraints. The model mainly focusses on using major rehabilitation strategies that are capable of producing major improvement in pavement condition. An alternate maximization model that can use other pavement condition indicators such as present serviceability index (PSI) and pavement condition index (PCI) is also presented. The PSI and PCI can be estimated from the IRI using correlation models. The proposed optimum models are linear in form and can easily be solved using the proposed cost-effectiveness ratio. The sample results presented for 27.1 km suburban highway has indicated the reliability of using the IRI data in generating optimal rehabilitation plans. A statistical uncertainty analysis of IRI measurements has produced a mild impact on optimal solutions derived using ten independent IRI tests and 99% confidence level. The uncertainty analysis has also indicated the use of only one IRI test provides results that are statistically indifferent from those obtained using ten IRI tests.
Residential building damage assessment and evaluation for the July 2021 flood in Westport, New Zealand
Authors: Paulik Ryan , Wild Alec , Zorn Conrad , Wotherspoon Liam , Williams Shaun 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Reliable flood damage models are informed by detailed damage assessments. Damage models are a critical flood risk assessment component representing flood exposed object vulnerabilities. This study evaluates residential building flood damage information collected following the July 2021 flood in Westport, New Zealand. We report hazard, exposure and damage characteristics observed and recorded from 247 damaged buildings then develop and evaluate the predictive performance of six univariable and two multivariable damage models. Building characteristic homogeneity and component damage caused primarily from water depth resulted in similar relative damage prediction precision and reliability for different univariable models based on water depth above ground alone. Compared to univariable models the Random Forest algorithm improved precision by 10% when the most important explanatory damage variables for relative damage were considered. Our results suggest that building heterogeneity should be identified for exposed objects when determining univariable or multivariable damage model selection in flood risk assessment. Residential building damage homogeneity in Westport indicates the comparatively simpler univariable damage models could be applied in similar flood risk contexts.
Design, Synthesis, In silico ADMET Prediction, Molecular Docking, Antimicrobial
and Antioxidant Evaluation of Novel Diethyl Pyridinyl Phosphonate Derivatives
Authors: Jawhari Ahmed Hussain , Mukhrish Yousef E. , El-Sayed Ahmed F. , Khidre Rizk E. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract:
A series of new diethyl 4,6-diarylpyridin-2-yl phosphonate derivatives 3a-f, and
5a,b were synthesized, in good yields, from the reaction of 2-bromo-4,6-diarylpyridines 1a,b
with Wittig-Horner reagents 2a-c, and 4 in DMF containing sodium hydride at reflux temperature.
The newly synthesized compounds were evaluated for antimicrobial and antioxidant
activity. The results demonstrated that compounds 5a and 5b exhibited strong antimicrobial
activity against S. aureus, E. faecalis, P. aeruginosa, and S. mutans. Compounds (3d, 3e, 3f)
exhibited superior antioxidant scavenging activity with DPPH and ABTS activity with values
(85.19 ± 0.33, 80.19 ± 0.98, 82.33 ± 0.90) and (70.11 ± 0.98, 63.55 ± 0.80, 69.54 ± 1.02) at
concentrations (2.0 mg.ml-1), respectively. The results of the molecular docking simulation
indicated that the synthesized compounds displayed lower binding energy with various
types of interaction at the active sites of Dihydropteroate synthase, Sortase A, LasR, and Penicillin-binding proteins
pockets, suggesting that they could have a potential inhibitory effect on the enzymes and exhibit promising antimicrobial
properties. Additionally, the simulation of the active sites of the Peroxidase enzyme as an antioxidant receptor
revealed that compounds (5a and 5b) exhibited minimal binding energy and a strong affinity for the active
pocket of the peroxidase enzyme.
Amphiphilic Copolymer-based Pesticide Nanoformulations for Better
Crop Protection: Advances and Future Need
Authors: Sarkar Dhruba Jyoti , Mulu Loha Kumelachew , Adak Totan , Kaushik Parshant , Koli Pushpendra , Majumder Sujan , Yadav Dinesh Kumar , Chowdhury Arnab Roy , Kumari Anu , Singh Braj Bhusan , Rana Virendra Singh , Kumar Jitendra , Shakil Najam Akhtar 
Published: August 2023

Abstract:
Amphiphilic copolymers (ACPs) are widely recognized due to their self-organizing
micellar characteristics in an aqueous medium and their extensive application potential in bioactive
molecule delivery. However, their use in agriculture is still limited with some scattered research
studies, especially on the delivery of pesticides for crop protection. Hence, the present
study comprehensively summarizes these research findings mainly focusing on synthesis, selfassembly,
and release properties of pesticide nanoformulations prepared using poly(ethylene glycol)
(PEG)-based ACPs. PEG-based ACPs are synthesized using linker molecules through a simple
esterification reaction in the presence of an acid catalyst or an enzyme. However, multistep
reactions are noticed in the synthesis of ACPs employing biopolymers, like chitosan-based ACPs.
On spontaneous emulsification, ACPs develop nanomicelles (~10-300 nm), and their micellar
characteristics are highly dependent on the nature of the blocks. The polymeric micellar barrier of
ACPs also leads to the slow release of entrapped pesticide molecules from these nanomicelles
with diffusion as the dominant release mechanism. Hence, the field appraisal of these ACPs-based
pesticide nanoformulations has shown reduced pesticide doses as compared to the conventional
formulations. However, despite these stated advantages, ACPs-based pesticide nanoformulations
are yet to reach their full potential, which might be due to several key researchable gaps, like a
lack of ACPs with high pesticide loading capacity, lack of biosafety data, environmental fate details,
etc. The use of ACPs is still gaining pace in formulating pesticides and being proven as a
smart material for targeted pesticide delivery to attain sustainable agriculture with a promise to
reduce environmental hazards due to pesticide application.
Testing for Hepatitis C During Pregnancy Among Persons With Medicaid and Commercial Insurance: Cohort Study
Authors: Khan Mohammed A , Thompson William W , Osinubi Ademola , Meyer 3rd William A , Kaufman Harvey W , Armstrong Paige A , Foster Monique A , Nelson Noele P , Wester Carolyn 
Published: August 2023

Background
The reported incidence of acute hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is increasing among persons of childbearing age in the United States. Infants born to pregnant persons with HCV infection are at risk for perinatal HCV acquisition. In 2020, the United States Preventive Services Task Force and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommended that all pregnant persons be screened during each pregnancy for hepatitis C. However, there are limited data on trends in hepatitis C testing during pregnancy.

Objective
We estimated hepatitis C testing rates in a large cohort of patients with Medicaid and commercial insurance who gave birth during 2015-2019 and described demographic and risk-based factors associated with testing.

Methods
Medicaid and commercial insurance claims for patients aged 15-44 years and who gave birth between 2015 and 2019 were included. Birth claims were identified using procedure and diagnosis codes for vaginal or cesarean delivery. Hepatitis C testing was defined as an insurance claim during the 42 weeks before delivery. Testing rates were calculated among patients who delivered and among the subset of patients who were continuously enrolled for 42 weeks before delivery. We also compared the timing of testing relative to delivery among patients with commercial or Medicaid insurance. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with testing.

Results
Among 1,142,770 Medicaid patients and 1,207,132 commercially insured patients, 175,223 (15.3%) and 221,436 (18.3%) were tested for hepatitis C during pregnancy, respectively. Testing rates were 89,730 (21.8%) and 187,819 (21.9%) among continuously enrolled Medicaid and commercially insured patients, respectively. Rates increased from 2015 through 2019 among Medicaid (from 20,758/108,332, 19.2% to 13,971/52,330, 26.8%) and commercially insured patients (from 38,308/211,555, 18.1% to 39,152/139,972, 28%), respectively. Among Medicaid patients, non-Hispanic Black (odds ratio 0.73, 95% CI 0.71-0.74) and Hispanic (odds ratio 0.53, 95% CI 0.51-0.56) race or ethnicity were associated with lower odds of testing. Opioid use disorder, HIV infection, and high-risk pregnancy were associated with higher odds of testing in both Medicaid and commercially insured patients.

Conclusions
Hepatitis C testing during pregnancy increased from 2015 through 2019 among patients with Medicaid and commercial insurance, although tremendous opportunity for improvement remains. Interventions to increase testing among pregnant persons are needed.
Patient Health Questionnaire-9 Item Pairing Predictiveness for Prescreening Depressive Symptomatology: Machine Learning Analysis
Authors: Glavin Darragh , Grua Eoin Martino , Nakamura Carina Akemi , Scazufca Marcia , Ribeiro dos Santos Edinilza , Wong Gloria H Y , Hollingworth William , Peters Tim J , Araya Ricardo , Van de Ven Pepijn 
Published: August 2023

Background
Anhedonia and depressed mood are considered the cardinal symptoms of major depressive disorder. These are the first 2 items of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)–9 and comprise the ultrabrief PHQ-2 used for prescreening depressive symptomatology. The prescreening performance of alternative PHQ-9 item pairings is rarely compared with that of the PHQ-2.

Objective
This study aims to use machine learning (ML) with the PHQ-9 items to identify and validate the most predictive 2-item depressive symptomatology ultrabrief questionnaire and to test the generalizability of the best pairings found on the primary data set, with 6 external data sets from different populations to validate their use as prescreening instruments.

Methods
All 36 possible PHQ-9 item pairings (each yielding scores of 0-6) were investigated using ML-based methods with logistic regression models. Their performances were evaluated based on the classification of depressive symptomatology, defined as PHQ-9 scores ≥10. This gave each pairing an equal opportunity and avoided any bias in item pairing selection.

Results
The ML-based PHQ-9 items 2 and 4 (phq2&4), the depressed mood and low-energy item pairing, and PHQ-9 items 2 and 8 (phq2&8), the depressed mood and psychomotor retardation or agitation item pairing, were found to be the best on the primary data set training split. They generalized well on the primary data set test split with area under the curves (AUCs) of 0.954 and 0.946, respectively, compared with an AUC of 0.942 for the PHQ-2. The phq2&4 had a higher AUC than the PHQ-2 on all 6 external data sets, and the phq2&8 had a higher AUC than the PHQ-2 on 3 data sets. The phq2&4 had the highest Youden index (an unweighted average of sensitivity and specificity) on 2 external data sets, and the phq2&8 had the highest Youden index on another 2. The PHQ-2≥2 cutoff also had the highest Youden index on 2 external data sets, joint highest with the phq2&4 on 1, but its performance fluctuated the most. The PHQ-2≥3 cutoff had the highest Youden index on 1 external data set. The sensitivity and specificity achieved by the phq2&4 and phq2&8 were more evenly balanced than the PHQ-2≥2 and ≥3 cutoffs.

Conclusions
The PHQ-2 did not prove to be a more effective prescreening instrument when compared with other PHQ-9 item pairings. Evaluating all item pairings showed that, compared with alternative partner items, the anhedonia item underperformed alongside the depressed mood item. This suggests that the inclusion of anhedonia as a core symptom of depression and its presence in ultrabrief questionnaires may be incompatible with the empirical evidence. The use of the PHQ-2 to prescreen for depressive symptomatology could result in a greater number of misclassifications than alternative item pairings.
Satisfaction, Perceived Usefulness, and Therapeutic Alliance as Correlates of Participant Engagement in a Pediatric Digital Mental Health Intervention: Cross-Sectional Questionnaire Study
Authors: Huffman Landry , Lawrence-Sidebottom Darian , Huberty Jennifer , Beatty Clare , Roots Monika , Roots Kurt , Parikh Amit , Guerra Rachael 
Published: August 2023

Background
Although evidence suggests that digital mental health interventions (DMHIs) are effective alternatives to traditional mental health care, participant engagement continues to be an issue, especially for pediatric DMHIs. Extant studies of DMHIs among adults suggest that participants’ satisfaction, perceived usefulness, and therapeutic alliance are closely tied to engagement. However, these associations have not been investigated among children and adolescents involved in DMHIs.

Objective
To address these gaps in extant DMHI research, the purpose of this study was to (1) develop and implement a measure to assess satisfaction, perceived usefulness, and therapeutic alliance among children and adolescents participating in a DMHI and (2) investigate satisfaction, perceived usefulness, and therapeutic alliance as correlates of children’s and adolescents’ engagement in the DMHI.

Methods
Members (children and adolescents) of a pediatric DMHI who had completed at least one session with a care provider (eg, coach or therapist) were eligible for inclusion in the study. Adolescent members and caregivers of children completed a survey assessing satisfaction with service, perceived usefulness of care, and therapeutic alliance with care team members.

Results
This study provides evidence for the reliability and validity of an adolescent- and caregiver-reported user experience assessment in a pediatric DMHI. Moreover, our findings suggest that adolescents' and caregivers’ satisfaction and perceived usefulness are salient correlates of youths’ engagement with a DMHI.

Conclusions
This study provides valuable preliminary evidence that caregivers’ satisfaction and perceived usefulness are salient correlates of youths’ engagement with a DMHI. Although further research is required, these findings offer preliminary evidence that caregivers play a critical role in effectively increasing engagement among children and adolescents involved in DMHIs.
Systematic Literature Review: Penggunaan Komik Pada Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia
Authors: Widayati Wahyu , Imron Imron Amrullah , Standsyah Rahmawati Erma , Putri Nabilla Calista 
Published: August 2023

Tujuan pada penelitian ini adalah melakukan kajian literatur menggunakan media komik pada pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode Systematic Literature Review (SLR). Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan mengumpulkan artikel jurnal yang terdapat di Google Scholar, Sinta, Research Gate, yang telah terpublikasi dalam rentang waktu 2012-2022. Adapun hasil dalam penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa media pembelajaran komik sangat layak dan memiliki implikasi positif jika diterapkan dalam pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia. Penggunaan media komik dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar, motivasi belajar, kemandirian belajar dan banyak kemampuan lain seperti keterampilan membaca, kemampuan berbahasa, kemampuan berpikir kritis, dan keterampilan menulis.
Kontribusi PLK Terhadap Kesiapan Menjadi Guru Profesional pada Mahasiswa Pendidikan Teknik Otomotif Universitas Negeri Padang
Authors: Fauzi Zikri , Purwanto Wawan , Chandra R. , Arif Ahmad , Saputra Hendra Dani 
Published: August 2023

This study aims to determine how the effect of the implementation of Educational Field Practices (PLK) on readiness to become professional teachers. This research is included in quantitative research because this research uses a lot of numbers, starting from data collection, interpretation of the data, and the appearance of the results of this study which are manifested in numbers. The research was conducted in the Automotive Engineering Department, State University of Padang, with a population of 109 students of Automotive Engineering Education. The results showed that the correlation coefficient value (Rxy) was 0.935 and the determination coefficient value (R2xy) was 0.874 This indicates that there is a positive influence between Educational Field Practices and Readiness to Become Professional Teachers, which means that the longer Educational Field Practices are carried out. students, the higher the Readiness to Become a Professional Teacher.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh pelaksanaan Praktik Lapangan Kependidikan (PLK) terhadap kesiapan menjadi guru porfesional. Penelitian ini termasuk dalam penelitian kuantitatif karena penelitian ini banyak menggunakan angka-angka, mulai dari pengumpulan data, penafsiran terhadap data tersebut, serta penampilan dari hasil penelitian ini diwujudkan dalam angka. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Jurusan Teknik Otomotif Universitas Negeri Padang dengan Populasi penelitian sebanyak 109 mahasiswa Pendidikan Teknik Otomotif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai koefisien korelasi (Rxy) sebesar 0,935 dan nilai koefisien determinasi (R2x,y) sebesar 0,874 Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang positif antara Praktik Lapangan Kependidikan dengan Kesiapan Menjadi Guru Profesional yang berarti bahwa semakin lama Praktik Lapangan Kependidikan yang dilakukan mahasiswa maka akan semakin tinggi Kesiapan Menjadi Guru Profesional.
Gaya Belajar Mahasiswa D3 Teknik Otomotif Fakultas Teknik Universitas Negeri Padang Tahun Masuk 2016 dan 2017
Authors: Anreski Vanny , Purwanto Wawan , Dwiyani Nurindah 
Published: August 2023

This study describes the Learning Style of D3 Automotive Engineering Students, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Negeri Padang. The type of this research is correlational. The research subjects were Automotive Engineering Students, Faculty of Engineering, 2016 and 2017 Entry Years, with 56 students. Data collection techniques include filling out a questionnaire with a Likert scale. This study uses descriptive analysis techniques and confirmatory factors. Based on the confirmatory factor analysis of the results of this study, it can be concluded that the kinesthetic learning style is the most prominent in Automotive Engineering students, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Negeri Padang, with an average TCR value of 71.76% for the Kinesthetic variable.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendsikripsikan gaya belajar mahasiswa D3 Teknik Otomotif Fakultas Teknik Universitas Negeri Padang. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan oleh peneliti adalah korelasional. Subjek penelitian Mahasiswa Teknik Otomotif Fakultas Teknik Tahun Masuk 2016 dan 2017 dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 56 mahasiswa. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan mengisi angket dengan teknik pembuatan skala likert. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik analisis deskriptif dan faktor konfirmatori. Berdasarkan analisis faktor konfirmatori hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa gaya belajar kinestetik yang paling menonjol pada mahasiswa Teknik Otomotif Fakuktas Teknik Universitas Negeri Padang, dengan nilai TCR rata-rata pada variabel Kinestetik 71.76%.
Penggunaan Media Pembelajaran Berbasis Animasi untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa dalam Pembacaan Alat Ukur Vernier Caliper dan Micrometer Mata Pelajaran PDTO pada Kelas X Otomotif di SMKN 1 Kota Jantho
Authors: Bakar Muhammad Jamil 
Published: August 2023

This study aims to determine whether the use of animated learning media to improve student learning outcomes in reading the vernier caliper and micrometer measuring instruments for Basic Automotive (PDTO) subjects in class X Automotive at SMKN 1 Kota Jantho. The type of research used is the type of experiment. The research design used is One group Pretest-Posttest (Initial Test-Final Test in a single group), where the sample group is given treatment (independent variable) but the initial ability of the sample is known through the pretest. After the treatment was given, the results of the study were observed using a posttest. The results of this study conclude that the use of animation has a significant effect on student learning outcomes, where H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted based on the results of tcount of 4.092 which is greater than ttable of 2.228, or tcount > ttable = 4.092 > 2.228.
Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar siswa dengan menggunakan media animasi pada pembacaan alat ukur vernier caliper dan micrometer mata pelajaran Pekerjaan Dasar Otomotif (PDTO) pada kelas X Otomotif di SMKN 1 Kota Jantho. Jenis penelitian yang dipakai yaitu jenis eksperimen. Desain penelitian yang dipakai ialah pre-test dan post-test untuk satu kelompok, dimana dilakukan pre-test setelah menggunakan metode konvensional dan melaksanakan post-test setelah menggunakan media animasi. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan penggunaan animasi memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap hasil belajar siswa, dimana H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima berdasarkan hasil thitung sebesar 4,092 lebih besar dari ttabel sebesar 2,228, atau thitung > ttabel = 4,092 > 2,228.