bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Postoperative Hypoalbuminemia as a Predictor of Acute Kidney Injury After Open Repair of Ruptured Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
Authors: Yoon Hei Jin , Kim Tae‐Hoon , Ko Da Eun , Song Jong‐Wook , Min Narhyun , Ham Sung Yeon 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundPerioperative hypoalbuminemia has a prognostic effect on mortality and morbidity in various cohorts. Patients undergoing open repair of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms (rAAA) are at a high risk of hypoalbuminemia due to bleeding and underlying diseases. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the predictive value of immediate postoperative hypoalbuminemia for the risk for acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients undergoing open rAAA repair.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed 143 patients who underwent open rAAA repair between January 2008 and May 2022. The patients were divided into two groups according to the presence of postoperative AKI. The perioperative serum albumin levels of the two groups were compared. The patients were further divided into two groups based on the median immediate postoperative albumin level (2.4 g/dL). The incidence of AKI was compared between the two groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the predictors of postoperative AKI. Kaplan‐Meier survival curves were used to evaluate potential of AKI and albumin level as prognostic factors for mortality.ResultsImmediate postoperative serum albumin was significantly lower in the AKI group than in the non‐AKI group (2.11 ± 0.62 g/dL vs. 2.59 ± 0.62 g/dL, p < 0.001). The incidence of postoperative AKI was significantly higher in patients with albumin ≤ 2.4 g/dL than in patients with albumin > 2.4 g/dL (53.8% vs. 27.7%, p = 0.002). Immediate postoperative albumin level was an independent predictor of AKI (Odds ratio [OR], 0.310; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.165–0.583, p < 0.001) and 1‐year mortality (OR, 0.230; 95% CI 0.098–0.542, p = 0.001).ConclusionsImmediate postoperative hypoalbuminemia was associated with postoperative AKI and mortality in patients with rAAA.
Laser generation of CeAlO3 nanocrystals with perovskite structure
Authors: Vasylkovskyi Volodymyr , Bespalova Iryna , Gryshkov Oleksandr , Slipchenko Mykola , Tkachenko Serhii , Arhipov Pavlo , Gerasymov Iaroslav , Zholudov Yuriy , Zhao Zhijun , Feldhoff Armin , Sorokin Aleksander , Slipchenko Olena , Grynyov Borys , Chichkov Boris 
Published: September 2023

AbstractFor the first time to the best of our knowledge, CeAlO3 nanocrystals with perovskite structure are synthesized by pulsed laser ablation technique. The morphological and optical properties of the obtained CeAlO3 nanocrystals are investigated. This work opens new prospects for the application of laser ablation methods for the generation of perovskite nanocrystals and development of novel nanocomposite structures, which can be applied for the fabrication of perovskite solar cells, scintillation detectors, catalysts, etc.
HadISDH.extremes Part I: A Gridded Wet Bulb Temperature Extremes Index Product for Climate Monitoring
Authors: Willett Kate M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHadISDH.extremes is an annually updated global gridded monthly monitoring product of wet and dry bulb temperature-based extremes indices, from January 1973 to December 2022. Data quality, including spatial and temporal stability, is a key focus. The hourly data are quality controlled. Homogeneity is assessed on monthly means and used to score each gridbox according to its homogeneity rather than to apply adjustments. This enables user-specific screening for temporal stability and avoids errors from inferring adjustments from monthly means for the daily maximum values. For general use, a score (HQ Flag) of 0 to 6 is recommended. A range of indices are presented, aligning with existing standardised indices. Uniquely, provision of both wet and dry bulb indices allows exploration of heat event character — whether it is a “humid and hot”, “dry and hot” or “humid and warm” event. It is designed for analysis of long-term trends in regional features. HadISDH.extremes can be used to study local events, but given the greater vulnerability to errors of maximum compared to mean values, cross-validation with independent information is advised.
Adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma: evolution in the management
Authors: Massimi Luca , Palombi Davide , Musarra Alessandra , Bianchi Federico , Frassanito Paolo , Tamburrini Gianpiero , Di Rocco Concezio 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
In spite of the continuous progresses in pediatric neurosurgery, adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma (AC) remains a challenging tumor due to its proximity to optic pathways, pituitary gland, hypothalamus, and Willis’ circle, which can result in significant endocrine, cognitive, and neurological morbidity after treatment with subsequent impact on the patient’s quality of life (QoL). The relevance that QoL has today explains the changes in the management of AC observed over the time. The goal of the present article is to provide a historical background, to show the milestones in the changes of the AC treatment, and to analyze the current main options to manage such a challenging tumor.

Material and methods
The pertinent literature has been reviewed. Moreover, a comparison between the past and recent personal series is reported.

Results
Three main eras have been identified. The first (named Cushing era) was characterized by the need to realize a harmless surgery and to define the best way to approach AC; the second (microscope era) was characterized by a tremendous technical and technological development, with remarkable results in term of safe tumor resection and control but relatively poor QoL outcomes; and the third one (current period) is characterized by an increasing integration between surgery and adjuvant treatments, with relatively minor tumor control but significant improvement of QoL (comparable overall survival). The authors’ experience reflects these changes. Two groups of children were compared: 52 cases (mean follow-up: 17.5 years) belong to the historical series (group 1, 1985–2003, aggressive surgical management) and 41 (mean follow-up: 8.5 years) to the current one (Group 2, 2004–2021, integrated management). No significant differences between the two groups were detected about recurrence rate, surgical mortality, and overall survival. However, Group 2 showed significant lower rates of postoperative panhypopituitarism, obesity, and visual deterioration.

Conclusions
Radical surgery allows for a good AC control with a low rate of recurrence but high risk of permanent morbidity. Despite the greater number of recurrences and surgeries, the more conservative policy, based on a combination of treatments, seems to provide the same tumor control with a better QoL. The advances in trans-nasal and trans-ventricular endoscopy, in proton therapy and in the management of the AC cyst are the main factors that allowed such an improvement.
Substitution analyses of foods with varying fat quality and the associations with all-cause mortality and impact of the FADS-1 genotype in elderly men
Authors: Fridén Michael , Olsson Erika , Lind Lars , Rosqvist Fredrik , Risérus Ulf 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To investigate associations between substitutions of foods varying in fat quality and all-cause mortality in elderly Swedish men and to examine effect measure modification by a gene involved in fatty acid desaturation (rs174550 FADS1).

Methods
Using Cox-regression models in the ULSAM cohort (n = 1133 men aged 71), we aimed to investigate; (1) Associations between the substitution of a nutrient or food for another on all-cause mortality (primary outcome) and CVD (secondary outcome) and (2) Associations between the addition of various fat-rich foods to the habitual diet and all-cause mortality and CVD. Subgroup analyses based on the rs174550 FADS1 genotype were conducted.

Results
Over a mean follow-up of 11.6–13.7 years, n = 774 died and n = 494 developed CVD, respectively. No clear associations were observed for the vast majority of substitution nor addition models. Adding saturated fatty acids (SFA) on top of the habitual diet was however associated with an increased risk of mortality in men with the CT/CC-genotype [HR (95% CI) 1.44 (1.05, 1.97)]. Post-hoc analyses showed an inverse association of substituting SFA with carbohydrates [HR (95% CI) 0.79 (0.65, 0.97)], which was somewhat stronger in men with the CT/CC-genotype compared to men carrying the TT-genotype.

Conclusions
Few associations were observed between diet and all-cause mortality and CVD in this population. However, substituting SFA with carbohydrates was associated with lower mortality in post-hoc analyses and adding SFA to the habitual diet increased mortality in men with the CT/CC-genotype. The latter observation is novel and warrants further investigation in larger cohort studies including women.
The association of SOD and HsCRP with the efficacy of sulforaphane in schizophrenia patients with residual negative symptoms
Authors: Zeng Jianfei , Zhang Weizhi , Lu Xiaobing , Zhou Hui , Huang Jing , Xu Zhenyu , Liao Hairong , Liang Jiaquan , Liang Meihong , Ye Chan , Sun Ting , Hu Yutong , She Qi , Chen Haixia , Guo Qian , Yan LiuJiao , Wu Renrong , Li Zezhi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objectives
Emerging evidence indicates a connection between oxidative stress, immune-inflammatory processes, and the negative symptoms of schizophrenia. In addition to possessing potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, sulforaphane (SFN) has shown promise in enhancing cognitive function among individuals with schizophrenia. This study aims to investigate the efficacy of combined treatment with SFN in patients with schizophrenia who experience negative symptoms and its effect on the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the inflammatory marker, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (HsCRP).

Design
Forty-five patients with schizophrenia were recruited, who mainly experienced negative symptoms during a stable period. In addition to the original treatments, the patients received SFN tablets at a daily dose of 90 mg for 24 weeks. At baseline, 12 weeks, and 24 weeks, the participants were interviewed and evaluated. The reduction rate of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) was used to assess each participant. The side effects scale of Treatment Emergent Symptom Scale (TESS) was applied to assess the adverse reactions. Additionally, the levels of the SOD, HsCRP, and other indicators were examined.

Results
The study findings revealed a significant decrease in PANSS negative subscale scores (P < 0.001). Furthermore, there was a significant increase in SOD activity and HsCRP levels (P < 0.001 and P < 0.05). Notably, the group of participants who exhibited a reduction in PANSS negative subscale scores demonstrated a significant improvement in HsCRP levels (P < 0.05).

Conclusions
Our study suggests that SFN may potentially serve as a safe adjunctive intervention to improve the negative symptoms of schizophrenia. The potential mechanism by which SFN improves negative symptoms in schizophrenia patients may involve its anti-inflammatory properties, specifically its ability to reduce HsCRP levels.
Trial registration
ClinicalTrial.gov (ID: NCT03451734).
Prominent and conspicuous astrocyte atrophy in human sporadic and familial Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Rodríguez J. J. , Zallo F. , Gardenal E. , Cabot Joan , Busquets X. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPathophysiology of sporadic Alzheimer’s disease (SAD) and familial Alzheimer’s disease (FAD) remains poorly known, including the exact role of neuroglia and specifically astroglia, in part because studies of astrocytes in human Alzheimer’s disease (AD) brain samples are scarce. As far as we know, this is the first study of a 3-D immunohistochemical and microstructural analysis of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)- and glutamine synthetase (GS)-positive astrocytes performed in the entorhinal cortex (EC) of human SAD and FAD samples. In this study, we report prominent atrophic changes in GFAP and GS astrocytes in the EC of both SAD and FAD characterised by a decrease in area and volume when compared with non-demented control samples (ND). Furthermore, we did not find neither astrocytic loss nor astrocyte proliferation or hypertrophy (gliosis). In contrast with the astrogliosis classically accepted hypothesis, our results show a highly marked astrocyte atrophy that could have a major relevance in AD pathological processes being fundamental and key for AD mnesic and cognitive alterations equivalent in both SAD and FAD.
Respiratory syncytial virus: can we still believe that after pandemic bronchiolitis is not a critical issue for public health?
Authors: Vittucci Anna Chiara , Antilici Livia , Russo Cristina , Musolino Anna Maria Caterina , Cristaldi Sebastian , Cutrera Renato , Persia Sabrina , Di Maio Chiara Velia , Raponi Massimiliano , Perno Carlo Federico , Villani Alberto 
Published: September 2023

AbstractRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of lower respiratory tract infection among infants and young children, resulting in annual epidemics worldwide. Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, non-pharmacological interventions were applied, interfering with the circulation of most respiratory viruses, including RSV. The aim of this study is to analyze the RSV infection trend among hospitalized infants during the actual epidemic season (2022–2023) in comparison with the last pre-pandemic season (2018–2019), in order to outline whether significant differences emerge due to COVID-19 pandemia. We retrospectively reviewed medical data on infants hospitalized at the Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital with diagnosis of bronchiolitis in the current epidemic season and in the last pre-pandemic season, 2018–2019. RSV remains the main etiological agent of bronchiolitis in terms of frequency and severity of infections in the ongoing epidemic season. The first RSV case of the 2022–2023 season was detected at week 42 vs week 47 in the 2018–2019 season. The length of epidemic season was of 17 weeks in 2022–2023 vs 18 weeks in 2018–2019. Comparing the two seasons, age at admission was significantly higher in the current season (median age 2022–2023 65 days vs median age 2018–2019 58 days), but the disease severity was similar. Conclusions: The 2022–2023 bronchiolitis season in Italy started earlier than the usual pre-pandemic seasons but seasonality pattern may be going back to the pre-pandemic one. This season was not more severe than the previous ones. The impact of RSV disease on health care systems and costs remains a critical issue.

What is Known:• RSV is one of the major leading causes of hospitalization among children aged less than 3 months. SarsCOV2 pandemic interfered with the seasonal circulation of most respiratory viruses, Including RSV.

What is New:• The 2022–2023 bronchiolitis season in Italy started and peaked earlier than the usual pre-pandemic seasons but seasonality pattern may be realigning to the pre-pandemic one. The impact of RSV disease on health care systems and costs is concerning.
Evaluation of hernia surgical meshes sterilised with ethylene oxide for adoption under UK regulations
Authors: Grillo Alessandra , Hyder Zargham , Mudera Vivek , Kureshi Alvena 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Low-cost meshes (LCM) have been successfully used in low-income countries (LIC) over the past decades, demonstrating comparable surgical outcomes to commercial meshes at a fraction of the cost. However, LIC sterilisation standards (autoclave sterilisation at 121 °C) do not meet UK regulations for medical devices, which require either ethylene oxide (EO) sterilisation or steam sterilisation at 134 °C. Therefore, the aim of this study was to sterilise UK LCM and characterise their mechanical properties and in vitro biocompatibility to verify whether EO sterilisation causes changes in the mechanical properties and biocompatibility of LCM.

Methods
EO sterilised LCM were used. Uniaxial tensile tests were performed to measure mechanical properties. Biocompatibility was measured through viability and morphology of Human Dermal Fibroblasts (HDFs) cultured in mesh-conditioned media, and by calculating the metabolic activity and proliferation of HDFs attached on the meshes, with alamarBlue assay.

Results
Break stress of LCM1 was significantly higher than LCM2 (p < 0.0001), while Young’s modulus of LCM1 was significantly lower than LCM2 (p < 0.05) and there was no significant difference in break strain. Viability and morphology showed no significant difference between LCM and control. Attachment and proliferation of HDFs on LCM showed a better proliferation on LCM2 than LCM1, with values similar to the control at the final time point.

Conclusions
We demonstrated that EO sterilisation affects LCM mechanical properties, but they still have values closer to the native tissues than the commercially available ones. We also showed that in vitro biocompatibility of LCM2 is not affected by EO sterilisation, as HDFs attached and proliferated on the mesh, while EO affected attachment on LCM1. A more detailed cost analysis of the potential savings for healthcare systems around the world needs to be performed to strengthen the cost-effectiveness of this frugal innovation.
Considerations Related to Active Stress Management in Deep Mining
Authors: Ladinig Tobias 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe objective of mining is to supply society with mineral and therefore to extract mineral deposits safely and economically, and as completely as possible. As shallow deposits are becoming more and more depleted and as the mineral demand is rising, mining has to advance to greater depths or more challenging mining environments. Operational and technical challenges arise consequently. The different challenges are discussed briefly, and it is shown that in particular the importance of rock mechanics increases because the resulting stress and energy changes can cause rock pressure phenomena and rock pressure problems. The intensity of rock pressure phenomena and rock pressure problems is a function of several parameters, of which the prevailing stress magnitudes and the rock mass strength are central. Whilst rock pressure phenomena are manageable and do not endanger the objectives of mineral extraction, rock pressure problems threaten the objective of mineral extraction and may in extreme cases prevent the continuation of an operation. As the stress magnitudes rise with depths, but the rock mass strength does generally not increase with depths, the importance of rock pressure control increases with depth. To control the rock pressure, two different strategies, a passive and an active strategy, can be distinguished. The two strategies are discussed. Despite the advantages offered by the active strategy, the passive strategy is still dominantly applied. Reasons for this dominance are identified and discussed. To facilitate the application of the active strategy, a stress management concept is proposed. Finally, the requirements for a wider implementation of an active stress management strategy are briefly discussed.
Diagnose und Therapie glomerulärer Erkrankungen mit einem membranoproliferativen Läsionsmuster (MPGN) – 2023
Authors: Rudnicki Michael , Windpessl Martin , Eller Kathrin , Odler Balazs , Gauckler Philipp , Neumann Irmgard , Zitt Emanuel , Regele Heinz , Kronbichler Andreas , Lhotta Karl , Säemann Marcus D. 
Published: September 2023

ZusammenfassungDie membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis (MPGN) repräsentiert eine heterogene Gruppe von Erkrankungen. Das gemeinsame Merkmal eines membranoproliferativen Läsionsmusters in der Histologie der Nierenbiopsie kann sowohl idiopathisch/primär auftreten, als auch – wesentlich häufiger – eine sekundäre Ursache haben. Die historische licht- und elektronenmikroskopische Einteilung in MPGN Typ I bis III wurde weitgehend verlassen und in den letzten Jahren durch eine Pathogenese-orientierte Einteilung ersetzt. Von einer Immunkomplex-GN (IK-GN) spricht man beim Vorliegen einer MPGN mit C1q, C3 und/oder C4 Ablagerungen, während eine MPGN mit dominanten C3-Ablagerungen als C3-Glomerulopathie (C3G) bezeichnet wird. Diese wird wiederum in eine C3-Glomerulonephritis (C3GN) und eine dense-deposit disease (DDD) eingeteilt. Diese Diagnosen können nur durch eine Nierenbiopsie gestellt werden. Mögliche Ursachen für eine MPGN sind chronische Infektionen (v. a. Hepatitis B und C, bakterielle Infektionen, Infektionen mit Protozoen). Autoimmunerkrankungen (v. a. Lupus, rheumatoide Arthritis) oder Malignome (v. a. hämatologische maligne Erkrankungen). Insbesondere im Falle einer C3G wird auch eine umfassende Abklärung des Komplementystems empfohlen. Therapeutische Entscheidungen sind aufgrund der niedrigen Inzidenz und des heterogenen klinischen Erscheinungsbildes einer MPGN individuell zu treffen, eine optimale generelle Therapie ist unbekannt. Im Falle einer identifizierten Ursache einer MPGN wird prinzipiell empfohlen diese zu behandeln, ebenso sollte die supportive Therapie, wie auch bei anderen Glomerulonephritiden optimiert werden. Bei anhaltender signifikanter Proteinurie und einer eGFR > 30 ml/min/1,73 m2 wird eine Therapie mit systemischen Steroiden und Mycophenolat Mofetil empfohlen. Weitere Therapieoptionen sind Rituximab und Eculizumab. Eine rapid-progressive MPGN sollte wie eine ANCA-assoziierte Vaskulitis therapiert werden. Die Rekurrenzraten nach einer Nierentransplantation sind sehr hoch und therapeutisch herausfordernd.
Did the COVID-19 pandemic impact the dietary intake of individuals living with and beyond breast, prostate, and colorectal cancer and who were most likely to experience change?
Authors: Taylor Katie S. , Beeken Rebecca J. , Fisher Abi , Lally Phillippa 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The present work investigated dietary changes amongst individuals living with and beyond cancer (LWBC) from before to during the pandemic. To identify those at greatest risk of unhealthy changes, it was further examined whether patterns varied by sociodemographic, health-related, and COVID-19-related characteristics.

Methods
This longitudinal cohort study analysed data from 716 individuals LWBC participating in the Advancing Survivorship Cancer Outcomes Trial (ASCOT). Using data provided before and during the pandemic, changes in fruit and vegetable, snack, and alcohol intake were tested using mixed-effect regression models.

Results
Fruit and vegetable (95%CI: − 0.30; − 0.04) and alcohol consumption (95%CI: − 1.25; − 0.31) decreased, whilst snacking increased (95%CI: 0.19; 0.53). Women and individuals with limited social contact were more likely to reduce fruit and vegetable intake during the pandemic. Women and individuals with poorer sleep quality, limited social contact, and shielding requirements and without higher education were more likely to increase snacking during the pandemic. Individuals with poorer sleep quality, poorer mental health, and regular social contact were more likely to decrease alcohol consumption during the pandemic.

Conclusions
Findings suggest decreased intake for fruit, vegetable, and alcohol consumption and increased snack intake in response to the pandemic amongst individuals LWBC. These changes appear to differ across various characteristics, suggesting the pandemic has not equally impacted everyone in this population. Findings highlight the need for targeted post-COVID strategies to support individuals LWBC most adversely affected by the pandemic, including women and socially isolated individuals. This encourages resources to be prioritised amongst these groups to prevent further negative impact of the pandemic. Whilst the findings are statistically significant, practically they appear less important. This is necessary to acknowledge when considering interventions and next steps.