bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In silico analysis and verification of critical genes related to vascular calcification in multiple diseases
Authors: Li Shicheng , Ruan Jiangwen , Yang Zicong , Liu Ling , Jiang Tongmeng 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIdentifying a functional molecular therapeutic target of vascular calcification (VC) that will not affect normal osteogenic differentiation is a challenge. To address this aim, we screened the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in different VC conditions, including endothelial‐osteogenic transition (EOT) (GSE167962), chronic kidney disease (CKD), and atherosclerosis (AS) (GSE159832). KEGG pathways, protein–protein interactions, and hub genes were also analyzed. The intersecting DEGs among the EOT, CKD, and AS groups were verified by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry in a DOCA‐salt hypertension mouse model. The phosphoinositide 3‐kinase–protein kinase B signaling pathway, ECM‐receptor interaction, chemokine signaling pathway, and focal adhesion were enriched in EOT and AS‐induced VC. ECM‐receptor interaction, PPAR signaling pathway, apelin signaling pathway, AMPK signaling pathway, adipocytokine signaling pathway, and cholesterol metabolism were enriched in CKD and AS‐induced VC. C4b, Cebpa, Lyz2, and Spp1 were also upregulated in EOT, CKD, AS, and hypertension. This study identified promising molecular targets for VC therapy.
Bispidine as a Versatile Scaffold: From Topological Hosts to Transmembrane Transporters
Authors: Singh Hanuman , Khatoon Nadira , Bhardwaj Surya Kant , Kampani Pradeepti , Nayak Tapan K. , Haridas V. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe development of designer topological structures is a synthetically challenging endeavor. We present herein bispidine as a platform for the design of molecules with various topologies and functions. The bispidine‐based acyclic molecule, which shows intriguing S‐shape topology, is discussed. Single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction studies revealed that this molecule exists in the solid state as two conformational enantiomers. In addition, bispidine‐based designer macrocycles were synthesized and investigated for ionophoric properties. Patch clamp experiments revealed that these macrocycles transport both anions and cations non‐specifically with at least tenfold higher chloride conductance over the cations under the given experimental conditions. Ultramicroscopy and single‐crystal X‐ray crystallographic studies indicated that the self‐assembling macrocycle forms a tubular assembly. Our design highlights the use of unconventional dihydrogen interactions in nanotube fabrication.
Assessment of atherectomy treatment for Thromboangiitis Obliterans: A single center experience
Authors: Xue Song , Zhang Xing , Peng Zhaoxi , Wu Xiaoyu , Peng Zhiyou , Qin Jinbao , Lu Xinwu 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsEndovascular recanalizaiton (ER) has been proven to be a feasible method for Thromboangiitis Obliterans (TAO). The aims of this study were to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of atherectomy for TAO compared to nonatherectomy ER in our center.MethodsPatients diagnosed as TAO were reviewed from January 2016 to June 2021 in our center. Basic characteristics of patients before ER and perioperative data were collected and compared between the atherectomy and nonatherectomy groups. The vascular event‐free survival and limb salvage were calculated to evaluate the prognosis of TAO patients after ERs. Logistic Regression and Cox Regression were used to identify the risk factors for technical failure and prognosis, respectively.ResultsSeventy‐two TAO patients with 79 lower limbs who met the criteria were included in this report. Compared with the nonatherectomy group, no significant improvement was identified in ER technical success, vascular event‐free survival, or limb salvage in the atherectomy group. The total technical success rate was 91.1% (atherectomy group, 95.2%; nonatherectomy group, 89.7%), and the multiple limb involvement (p = 0.005; odds ratio [OR], 28.16; confidence interval [CI], 3.28−241.55) was the independent risk factor for technical failure. The total vascular event‐free survival proportion was 66.05% and 58.40% at 1 and 3 years, respectively. Technical failure (OR, 5.61; 95% CI, 1.57−20.04; p = 0.008), and runoff grade 0 (OR, 3.28; 95% CI, 1.09−9.85; p = 0.034) were independent risk factors for vascular events. The total limb salvage proportion at 1 and 3 years was 95.84% and 92.53%, respectively. Technical failure (OR, 8.54; 95% CI, 1.71−40.73; p = 0.02) was identified as an independent risk factor for above ankle amputation.ConclusionsNo significant difference in prognosis was found between the atherectomy group and the nonatherectomy group during a midterm follow‐up. The technical success of ER was crucial for TAO prognosis.
Colon perforation due to collagenous colitis: A case report
Authors: Ito Kei , Nakatsutsumi Keita , Oofuti Yuko , Otomo Yasuhiro 
Published: September 2023

Key Clinical MessageCollagenous colitis (CC) is generally benign, and serious complications are rare. It is important to note that spontaneous perforation of CC is a possible complication. In the case of colon perforation of unknown origin, CC should be considered.
Enrichment Strategies for Efficient CO2 Electroreduction in Acidic Electrolytes
Authors: Xu Meng , Deng Taojiang , Liu Li‐Xia , Han Xiguang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractElectrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) has been recognized as an appealing route to remarkably accelerate the carbon‐neutral cycle and reduce carbon emissions. Notwithstanding great catalytic activity that has been acquired in neutral and alkaline conditions, the carbonates generated from the inevitable reaction of the input CO2 with the hydroxide severely lower carbon utilization and energy efficiency. By contrast, CO2RR in an acidic condition can effectively circumvent the carbonate issues; however, the activity and selectivity of CO2RR in acidic electrolytes will be decreased significantly due to the competing hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Enriching the CO2 and the key intermediates around the catalyst surface can promote the reaction rate and enhance the product selectivity, providing a promising way to boost the performance of CO2RR. In this review, the catalytic mechanism and key technique challenges of CO2RR are first introduced. Then, the critical progress of enrichment strategies for promoting the CO2RR in the acidic electrolyte is summarized with three aspects: catalyst design, electrolyte regulation, and electrolyzer optimization. Finally, some insights and perspectives for further development of enrichment strategies in acidic CO2RR are expounded.
Recent Progress in All‐Solution‐Processed Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Xu Yixuan , Wang Qian , Zou Wentao , Zhang Xu , Sun Yanna , Kan Yuanyuan , Cai Ping , Gao Ke 
Published: September 2023

Comprehensive SummaryAll‐solution‐processed organic solar cells (OSCs) (from the bottom electrode to the top electrode) are highly attractive thanks to their low cost, lightweight and high‐throughput production. However, achieving highly efficient all‐solution‐processed OSCs remains a significant challenge. One of the key issues is the lack of high‐quality solution‐processed electrode systems that can replace indium tin oxide (ITO) and vacuum‐deposited metal electrodes. In this paper, we comprehensively review recent advances in all‐solution‐processed OSCs, and classified the devices as the top electrode materials, including silver nanowires (AgNWs), conducting polymers and composite conducting materials. The correlation between electrode materials, properties of electrodes, and device performance in all‐solution‐processed OSCs is elucidated. In addition, the critical roles of the active layer and interface layer are also discussed. Finally, the prospects and challenges of all‐solution‐processed OSCs are presented.
Click Chemistry and Targeted Degradation: A Winning Combination for Medicinal Chemists?
Authors: Pasieka Anna , Diamanti Eleonora , Uliassi Elisa , Laura Bolognesi Maria 
Published: September 2023

AbstractClick chemistry is universally recognized as a powerful strategy for the fast and precise assembly of diverse building blocks. Targeted Protein Degradation (TPD) is a new therapeutic modality based on heterobifunctional small‐molecule degraders that provides new opportunities to medicinal chemists dealing with undruggable targets and incurable diseases. Here, we highlight how very recently the TPD field and that of click chemistry have merged, opening up the possibility for fine‐tuning the properties of a degrader, chemically assembled through a “click” synthesis. By reviewing concrete examples, we want to provide the reader with the insight that the application of click and bioorthogonal chemistry in the TDP field may be a winning combination.
Unraveling the intricate relationship: Influence of microbiome on the host immune system in carcinogenesis
Authors: Garg Saksham , Sharma Nikita , Bharmjeet  , Das Asmita 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundCancer is an outcome of various disrupted or dysregulated metabolic processes like apoptosis, growth, and self‐cell transformation. Human anatomy harbors trillions of microbes, and these microbes actively influence all kinds of human metabolic activities, including the human immune response. The immune system which inherently acts as a sentinel against microbes, curiously tolerates and even maintains a distinct normal microflora in our body. This emphasizes the evolutionarily significant role of microbiota in shaping our adaptive immune system and even potentiating its function in chronic ailments like cancers. Microbes interact with the host immune cells and play a part in cancer progression or regression by modulating immune cells, producing immunosuppressants, virulence factors, and genotoxins.Recent FindingsAn expanding plethora of studies suggest and support the evidence of microbiome impacting cancer etiology. Several studies also indicate that the microbiome can supplement various cancer therapies, increasing their efficacy. The present review discusses the relationship between bacterial and viral microbiota with cancer, discussing different carcinogenic mechanisms influenced by prokaryotes with special emphasis on their immunomodulatory axis. It also elucidates the potential of the microbiome in transforming the efficacy of immunotherapeutic treatments.ConclusionThis review offers a thorough overview of the complex interaction between the human immune system and the microbiome and its impact on the development of cancer. The microbiome affects the immune responses as well as progression of tumor transformation, hence microbiome‐based therapies can vastly improve the effectiveness of cancer immunotherapies. Individual variations of the microbiome and its dynamic variability in every individual impacts the immune modulation and cancer progression. Therefore, further research is required to understand these underlying processes in detail, so as to design better microbiome‐immune system axis in the treatment of cancer.
Global minimizers of a large class of anisotropic attractive‐repulsive interaction energies in 2D
Authors: Carrillo José A. , Shu Ruiwen 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe study a large family of Riesz‐type singular interaction potentials with anisotropy in two dimensions. Their associated global energy minimizers are given by explicit formulas whose supports are determined by ellipses under certain assumptions. More precisely, by parameterizing the strength of the anisotropic part we characterize the sharp range in which these explicit ellipse‐supported configurations are the global minimizers based on linear convexity arguments. Moreover, for certain anisotropic parts, we prove that for large values of the parameter the global minimizer is only given by vertically concentrated measures corresponding to one dimensional minimizers. We also show that these ellipse‐supported configurations generically do not collapse to a vertically concentrated measure at the critical value for convexity, leading to an interesting gap of the parameters in between. In this intermediate range, we conclude by infinitesimal concavity that any superlevel set of any local minimizer in a suitable sense does not have interior points. Furthermore, for certain anisotropic parts, their support cannot contain any vertical segment for a restricted range of parameters, and moreover the global minimizers are expected to exhibit a zigzag behavior. All these results hold for the limiting case of the logarithmic repulsive potential, extending and generalizing previous results in the literature. Various examples of anisotropic parts leading to even more complex behavior are numerically explored.
OpenFAM: Programming disaggregated memory
Authors: Singhal Sharad , Crasta Clarete Riana , Abdulla K Mashood , Barmawer Faizan , Bhat Gautham , Rao Ramya Ahobala , P N Soumya , Rajak Rishi Kesh K 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHigh performance computing (HPC) clusters are increasingly handling workloads where working data sets cannot be easily partitioned or are too large to fit into local node memory. In order to enable HPC workloads to access memory external to the node, HPE has defined a programming API (OpenFAM) for developing applications that use large‐scale disaggregated memory. In this paper we describe an open‐source reference implementation of OpenFAM that can be used on scale‐up machines, traditional HPC clusters, as well as emerging disaggregated memory architectures. We demonstrate the efficiency of the implementation using micro‐benchmarks on InfiniBand and Slingshot‐based clusters.
Pair Distribution Function from Liquid Jet Nanoparticle Suspension using Femtosecond X‐ray Pulses
Authors: Støckler Lise Joost , Christensen Rasmus Stubkjær , Kløve Magnus , Bertelsen Andreas Dueholm , Borup Anders Bæk , Krause Lennard , Takahashi Seiya , Fujita Tomoki , Kasai Hidetaka , Inoue Ichiro , Nishibori Eiji , Iversen Bo Brummerstedt 
Published: September 2023

AbstractX‐ray scattering data measured on femtosecond timescales at the SACLA X‐ray Free Electron Laser (XFEL) facility on a suspension of HfO2 nanoparticles in a liquid jet were used for pair distribution function (PDF) analysis. Despite a non‐optimal experimental setup resulting in a modest Qmax of ~8 Å−1, a promising PDF was obtained. The main features were reproduced when comparing the XFEL PDF to a PDF obtained from data measured at the PETRA III synchrotron light source. Refining structural parameters such as unit cell dimension and particle size from the XFEL PDF provided reliable values. Although the reachable Qmax limited the obtainable information, the present results indicate that good quality PDFs can be obtained on femtosecond timescales if the experimental conditions are further optimized. The study therefore encourages a new direction in ultrafast structural science where structural features of amorphous and disordered systems can be studied.
Gel Biopolymer Electrolytes Based on Saline Water and Seaweed to Support the Large‐Scale Production of Sustainable Supercapacitors
Authors: Santa‐Cruz Larissa A. , Mantovi Primaggio S. , Loguercio Lara F. , Galvão Rhauane A. , Navarro Marcelo , Passos Saulo T. A. , Neto Brenno A. D. , Tavares Fabiele C. , Torresi Roberto M. , Machado Giovanna 
Published: September 2023

AbstractClimate change and the demand for clean energy have challenged scientists worldwide to produce/store more energy to reduce carbon emissions. This work proposes a conductive gel biopolymer electrolyte to support the sustainable development of high‐power aqueous supercapacitors. The gel uses saline water and seaweed as sustainable resources. Herein, a biopolymer agar‐agar, extracted from red algae, is modified to increase gel viscosity up to 17‐fold. This occurs due to alkaline treatment and an increase in the concentration of the agar‐agar biopolymer, resulting in a strengthened gel with cohesive superfibres. The thermal degradation and agar modification mechanisms are explored. The electrolyte is applied to manufacture sustainable and flexible supercapacitors with satisfactory energy density (0.764 Wh kg−1) and power density (230 W kg−1). As an electrolyte, the aqueous gel promotes a long device cycle life (3500 cycles) for 1 A g−1, showing good transport properties and low cost of acquisition and enabling the supercapacitor to be manufactured outside a glove box. These features decrease the cost of production and favor scale‐up. To this end, this work provides eco‐friendly electrolytes for the next generation of flexible energy storage devices.
Lie hypergraph and chaos‐based privacy preserving protocol for wireless sensor networks in IoT environment
Authors: Sridharan Supriya , Rajendran Sujarani , Venkatraman Swaminathan 
Published: September 2023

SummaryWireless sensor networks (WSN) are innately resource restrained and beneficial in a wide range of applications, including smart homes, e‐health care, law, military systems, disaster management, and emergency reprieve. These applications are linked to various devices that may communicate with one another through the internet, typically known as Internet of Things (IoT). The application of WSN plays an integral role in the IoT infrastructure. In a WSN, sensors are haphazardly placed in environments where the data transmission is challenged by privacy concerns. This paper proposes a methodology termed Lie hypergraph and chaos‐based secure routing (LH‐CSR) to perform an energy‐efficient routing with secure data transmission in WSN. In the first phase, the deployed sensor nodes are transformed into a hypergraph from which cluster head (CH) is elected by hypergraph transversal property, and for secure routing, the route is formed by the Lie commutators of the Lie algebra of upper triangular matrices. The second phase emphasizes privacy preservation by introducing the novel chaotic map formulation to process the key generation. The encryption and decryption processes are maintained by key generation to prevent data loss during retrieval. In this way, the data are retained confidentially with minimal computational overhead. The performance of the LH‐CSR is evaluated through a simulation, which shows that it outperforms over compared protocols in terms of cryptographic time, network lifetime, packet delivery ratio, end‐to‐end delay, and throughput.
Long‐term impact of angiotensin receptor‐neprilysin inhibitor based on short‐term treatment response in heart failure
Authors: Park Hyuk Kyoon , Park Jong Sung , Kim Myeong Seop , Lee Eunkyu , Choi Hyohun , Park Yoon Jung , Park Bo Eun , Kim Hong Nyun , Kim Namkyun , Bae Myung Hwan , Lee Jang Hoon , Park Hun Sik , Cho Yongkeun , Jang Se Yong , Yang Dong Heon 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimsThe long‐term effect of angiotensin receptor–neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI) remains uncertain in patients who have experienced improvements in left ventricular (LV) systolic function or significant LV reverse remodelling following a certain period of treatment. It is also unclear how ARNI performs in patients who have not shown these improvements. This study aimed to assess the impact of prolonged ARNI use compared with angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs)/angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) in patients with and without significant treatment response after 1 year of heart failure (HF) treatment.Methods and resultsThe present study enrolled patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) who were treated with either ARNI or ACEIs/ARBs within 1 year of undergoing index echocardiography. After 1 year of treatment, patients were reclassified into the following groups: (i) patients with HF with improved ejection fraction and persistent HFrEF and (ii) patients with and without LV reverse remodelling based on the follow‐up echocardiography. The effect of ARNI versus that of ACEIs/ARBs in each group was assessed from the time of categorizing into new groups using the composite event of all‐cause mortality and HF hospitalization. A total of 671 patients with HFrEF (age, 66.4 ± 14.1 years; males, 66.8%) were included, and 133 (19.8%) composite events of death and rehospitalization for HF were observed during the follow‐up (median follow‐up, 44 [interquartile range, 34–51] months). ARNI had a significantly lower event rate than ACEIs/ARBs in patients with HF with improved ejection fraction (7.0% vs. 30.4%, P = 0.020) and those with persistent HFrEF (17.6% vs. 49.7%, P < 0.001). Irrespective of whether patients exhibited LV reverse remodelling (15.8% vs. 31.1%, P = 0.001) or not (15.0% vs. 54.9%, P < 0.001), ARNIs were associated with a significantly lower event rate than ACEIs/ARBs.ConclusionsRegardless of significant treatment response measured by either LVEF or LV reverse remodelling after 1 year of treatment, the extended utilization of ARNI demonstrated a more favourable prognosis than that of ACEIs/ARBs in patients with HFrEF.
Cognitive transitions based on functional status in older adults with heart failure: a population‐based study
Authors: Morris Kensuke , Takegami Misa , Teramoto Kanako , Murata Shunsuke , Nakatsuka Kiyomasa , Ogata Soshiro , Nishimura Kunihiro 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimsCognitive impairment and functional status are both important determinants of poor outcomes in heart failure (HF). However, little is known about how functional status impacts the changes in cognitive status during the disease course. This study aimed to describe the cognitive transitions in patients with HF and assess the relationship of these transitions to functional status, which was assessed by the dependency of activities of daily living (ADL).Methods and resultsThis retrospective cohort study included 1764 patients with an International Classification of Diseases‐10 code of HF (≥65 years, mean age 82.3 ± 7.9 years, 39% male) from a long‐term care and medical insurance database from Nobeoka city, a rural city of south‐western Japan. Cognitive status at baseline and 6, 12, 18, and 24 month time points was collected, and participants were stratified based on ADL status at baseline. Generalized estimating equations and multi‐state modelling were used to examine associations between ADL dependency and cognitive changes/mortality. Transition probabilities were estimated using multi‐state modelling. At baseline, there were 1279 (73%) and 485 (27%) patients with independent and dependent ADL, respectively. In overall patients, 1656 (93.9%) patients had normal/mild cognitive status and 108 (6%) patients had a moderate/severe cognitive status at baseline. The majority [104 (96%) patients] of patients with moderate/severe cognitive status at baseline had dependent ADL. In patients with moderate/severe cognitive status, the number of patients with dependent ADL always outnumbered that of the independent ADL throughout the follow‐up. Multi‐state modelling estimated that patients with dependent ADL and normal/mild cognitive status at baseline had 47% probability of maintaining the same cognitive status at 24 months, while the probability of maintaining the same cognitive status was 86% for those with independent ADL. Patients with normal/mild cognitive status in the dependent ADL group at baseline had a higher risk of experiencing a transition to moderate/severe cognitive status at any time point during 24 months compared with those with independent ADL [hazard ratio 5.24 (95% confidence interval 3.47–7.90)].ConclusionsIn older patients with HF, the prevalence of cognitive impairment was always higher for those with reduced functional status. Despite having a normal/mild cognitive status at baseline, patients with dependent ADL are at high risk of experiencing cognitive decline over 24 months with substantially less chance of maintaining their cognitive status. ADL dependency was an important risk factor of cognitive decline in patients with HF.