bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Dynamic Shift in Estrogen Receptor Expression During Granulosa Cell Differentiation in the Ovary
Authors: Park Chan Jin , Oh Ji-Eun , Lin PoChing , Zhou Sherry , Bunnell Mary , Bikorimana Emmanuel , Spinella Michael J , Lim Hyunjung Jade , Ko CheMyong J 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study uncovers a dynamic shift in estrogen receptor expression during granulosa cell (GC) differentiation in the ovary, highlighting a transition from estrogen receptor alpha (ESR1) to estrogen receptor beta (ESR2). Using a transgenic mouse model with Esr1-iCre-mediated Esr2 deletion, we demonstrate that ESR2 expression is absent in GCs derived from ESR1-expressing ovarian surface epithelium (OSE) cells. Single-cell analysis of the OSE-GC lineage reveals a developmental trajectory from Esr1-expressing OSE cells to Foxl2-expressing pre-GCs, culminating in GCs exclusively expressing Esr2. Transcriptome analyses identified vasculature-derived TGFβ1 ligands as key regulators of this transition. Supporting this, TGFβ1 treatment of cultured embryonic ovaries reduced Esr1 expression while promoting Esr2 expression. This study underscores the capability of GCs to switch from ESR1 to ESR2 expression as a fundamental aspect of normal differentiation.
Effects of Maternal Vitamin D Supplementation on Childhood Health
Authors: Svensson Nanna S , Volqvartz Tabia , Vestergaard Anna Louise , Vestergaard Esben T , Larsen Agnete , Bor Pinar 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of health issues in the offspring. Accordingly, recent Endocrine Society guidelines strongly support supplementation in pregnancy, also underlining that without consensus on optimal maternal vitamin D levels, routine screening is currently irrelevant. Knowledge of organ-specific effects of vitamin D and its association with maternal vitamin D status may aid in optimizing vitamin D supplementation. This systematic review outlines the proposed next-generation effects of vitamin D supplementation ≥400 IU/d and explores whether such effects are attributed to a specific maternal vitamin D level obtained during pregnancy. A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed and Embase according to the PRISMA guidelines, focusing on health outcomes from 10 days postpartum and beyond. Of the 2383 screened articles, 39 were included. In 11 of 16 studies, vitamin D supplementation reduced respiratory tract infections in the first years of life. Growth or bone development benefits were observed in 6 of 12 studies. Positive effects on neurodevelopment and reduced autoimmune risk (diabetes-related antibodies) were noted, although further research is needed to determine the role of vitamin D. Very few studies have measured vitamin D concentrations, but even 1600 IU/d supplementation was associated with high frequency of infant vitamin D insufficiency. Current recommendations may not ensure sufficient vitamin D levels at birth, among others, increasing the risk of early-life infections. Further studies linking maternal and infant vitamin D levels to specific outcomes would aid in personalized nutritional advice during pregnancy and improve next-generation health.
Genetics and Epigenetics of Human Pubertal Timing: The Contribution of Genes Associated With Central Precocious Puberty
Authors: Canton Ana Pinheiro Machado , Macedo Delanie Bulcao , Abreu Ana Paula , Latronico Ana Claudia 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Human puberty is a dynamic biological process determined by the increase in the pulsatile secretion of GnRH triggered by distinct factors not fully understood. Current knowledge reveals fine tuning between an increase in stimulatory factors and a decrease in inhibitory factors, where genetic and epigenetic factors have been indicated as key players in the regulation of puberty onset by distinct lines of evidence. Central precocious puberty (CPP) results from the premature reactivation of pulsatile secretion of GnRH. In the past decade, the identification of genetic causes of CPP has largely expanded, revealing hypothalamic regulatory factors of pubertal timing. Among them, 3 genes associated with CPP are linked to mechanisms involving DNA methylation, reinforcing the strong role of epigenetics underlying this disorder. Loss-of-function mutations in Makorin Ring-Finger Protein 3 (MKRN3) and Delta-Like Non-Canonical Notch Ligand 1 (DLK1), 2 autosomal maternally imprinted genes, have been described as relevant monogenic causes of CPP with the phenotype exclusively associated with paternal transmission. MKRN3 has proven to be a key component of the hypothalamic inhibitory input on GnRH neurons through different mechanisms. Additionally, rare heterozygous variants in the Methyl-CpG-Binding Protein 2 (MECP2), an X-linked gene that is a key factor of DNA methylation machinery, were identified in girls with sporadic CPP with or without neurodevelopmental disorders. In this mini-review, we focus on how the identification of genetic causes of CPP has revealed epigenetic regulators of human pubertal timing, summarizing the latest knowledge on the associations of puberty with MKRN3, DLK1, and MECP2.
Maximizing Nash Social Welfare in 2-Value Instances: Delineating Tractability
Authors: Akrami Hannaneh , Chaudhury Bhaskar Ray , Hoefer Martin , Mehlhorn Kurt , Schmalhofer Marco , Shahkarami Golnoosh , Varricchio Giovanna , Vermande Quentin , van Wijland Ernest 
Published: January 2025

We study the problem of allocating a set of indivisible goods among a set of agents with 2-value additive valuations. In this setting, each good is valued either 1 or p/q, for some fixed co-prime numbers p, q ∊ ℕ such that 1 ≤ q < p. Our goal is to find an allocation maximizing the Nash social welfare (NSW), that is, the geometric mean of the valuations of the agents. In this work, we give a complete characterization of polynomial-time tractability of NSW maximization that solely depends on the values of q. We start by providing a rather simple polynomial-time algorithm to find a maximum NSW allocation when the valuation functions are integral, that is, q = 1. We then exploit more involved techniques to get an algorithm producing a maximum NSW allocation for the half-integral case, that is, q = 2. Finally, we show it is NP-hard to compute an allocation with maximum NSW whenever q ≥ 3. Editor’s Note: This paper is undergoing revision because the authors discovered a significantly improved proof for the main result. The updated version of the paper will be available here following editorial review.
Ultra-wideband double-layer THz frequency selective surfaces
Authors: Wang Cong , Li Yinxing , He Jiahua , Jia Xianshi , Chen Xuesong , Lin Nai , Yan Dejin , Duan Ji’an 
Published: January 2025

Frequency selective surfaces (FSSs), also known as spatial filters, are special two-dimensional periodic structures with unique electromagnetic wave transmission and reflection characteristics. With the launch of 6G communication technology research, the terahertz band is an important topic of 6G technology, and miniaturization and compactness are major features of terahertz devices. A double-layer ultra-wideband terahertz FSS is designed, which has a compact FSS cell structure consisting of two layers of square ring-gap cascades and can be used to enhance the transmission of terahertz waves. The passband width of this FSS is 0.354 THz (0.407–0.761 THz), and the transmission coefficient decreases rapidly on both sides of the passband. Meanwhile, this FSS maintains the ultra-wideband characteristics with polarization stability at terahertz wave incidence angles less than 60°. The simulation results show that the multilayer cascaded FSS not only has a large operating bandwidth but also has good steepest degradation performance. In this paper, we explore the laser machining process of the designed terahertz FSS and analyze the effects of several factors, namely scanning speed, laser power, and number of scans, on the surface morphology of the terahertz FSS, respectively, and select the process parameters that can guarantee both the machining accuracy and the machining efficiency. In order to verify the actual working performance of the processed double-layer square ring FSS, the transmission coefficients of the processed FSS samples are tested, and the test results are basically consistent with the simulation results.
Scrub typhus in pregnancy: A 10-year multicenter study in resource-limited settings in China
Authors: Zhao Peilin , Dong Tieyong , Lu Hongbin , Zhu Rui , Zhao Shanshan , Tao Wuqian , Li Li , Liu Chunmei , Pu Shuwei , Mo Ling , Wang Huanhuan 
Published: January 2025

Background
Despite its association with high mortality rates and negative fetal outcomes, large-scale epidemiological studies on scrub typhus (ST) during pregnancy remain scarce.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective, multicenter study by collecting 260 pregnant women with ST in China across a 10-year time period to evaluate how clinical characteristics changed over this time and identify risk factors for poor fetal outcome.

Results
In total, 78.5% (n = 204) presented with pathognomonic eschars or ulcers, and 75.4% (n = 196) had Weil-Felix test, in which 46.4% (n = 91) had a titer of ≥1:160 for OXK. A higher proportion of patients with pneumonia (18.7% vs. 9.5%, p = 0.033) and a longer length of hospitalization (7 vs. 6 days, p = 0.007) were seen in laboratory confirmed cases than clinically diagnosed cases. Compared to patients in the second trimester, a higher miscarriage rate (64.5% vs. 15.0%, p < 0.001) was observed in the first trimester, and a lower fetal death/stillbirth rate (1.0% vs 18.7%, p < 0.001) and a higher prematurity rate (21.0% vs. 9.3%, p = 0.019) were observed in the third trimester. The use of chloramphenicol (5.7% vs. 15.5%, p = 0.016) and fetal death/stillbirth rate (3.1% vs. 12.8%, p = 0.01) were decreased, but there was no significant improvement in fetal outcome in the second 5 years (35.1% vs. 39.7%, p = 0.466). Over 1/3 (n = 90) had a poor fetal outcome, including 40.0% (n = 36) miscarriage, 23.3% (n = 21) fetal death/stillbirth and 36.7% (n = 33) preterm birth. The use of macrolides reduced the risk of a poor fetal outcome, while lower gestational age (GA) at the time of infection, pneumonia, leucopoenia, thrombocytopenia, and use of chloramphenicol were associated with a poor fetal outcome in univariate logistic-regression analysis, but only lower GA at the time of infection and pneumonia were independent risk factors for a poor fetal outcome on multivariate logistic-regression analysis with an odds ratio of 6.6 (95% CI 2.4–17.8, p < 0.001) and 3.1 (95% CI 1.3–7.6, p = 0.011).

Conclusions
This is the largest number of cases of ST in pregnancy so far. Our findings indicate that this population have a high risk of poor fetal outcome, especially those with lower GA at the time of infection and those with pneumonia at the same time. Further studies are needed to investigate the correlation between antibiotics regimens for this population and fetal outcome.
Investigation of electrical properties and PTCR effect in double-donor doping BaTiO3 lead-free ceramics
Authors: Chen Xiaoming , Li Yini , Zeng Sikang , Cheng Xuxin , Zhang Wei , Wang Yuxin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Utilizing the conventional approach, the positive temperature coefficient of resistivity (PTCR) performance of lead-free ceramics based on (1 − x%)(Ba1−y
Y
y
)(Ti1.011−z
Nb0.001Mn
z
)O3 − x%(Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3 (BBNTx) was examined. The BBNTx ceramics were prepared using the double donor dopant under firing at 1,350°C for 120 min in the air. The findings exhibited that when the Y3+ concentration elevates, the room-temperature resistivity of 99%(Ba1−y
Y
y
)(Ti1.011−z
Nb0.001Mn
z
)O3 – 1%(Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3 (BBNT1) samples initially falls and subsequently elevates. Moreover, the critical content of the samples is 0.15 mol%. Furthermore, the samples’ resistance jumping ratio can be effectively improved by adding Mn2+. The manganese dioxide level of 0.05 mol% yields the greatest resistance-jumping ratio. Besides, the impact of (Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3 (BNT) concentration on ceramics’ Curie temperature was examined in the work. Therefore, good free-lead PTCR thermistors were successfully prepared by doping 3% BNT, with a resistance jump of 4.1 magnitude.
A cross sectional study on effect of glycaemic status and duration of type II diabetes mellitus on the pulmonary function
Authors: Meyyazhagan Praveena , Kanagaraj Thamaraiselvi , Annamalai Nachal 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objectives
Type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is regarded as a serious illness characterized by high levels of blood sugar due to insulin resistance or insufficient insulin production. T2DM affects millions of people worldwide and is the primary reason for morbidity and mortality. Thus, it is essential to analyze the effect of T2DM on patients. Even though prevailing research has strived to identify the impact of T2DM on several ailments like cardiovascular diseases, neuropathy, retinopathy, and nephropathy. It has disregarded few aspects like pulmonary function, duration of diabetes, and glycemic status. The present study investigates the effect of T2DM on pulmonary function in relation to glycaemia status and duration of diabetes.

Methods
The cross-sectional research is performed on a total of 140 patients with T2DM from the Medical Department. Further, the congregated sample is investigated using SPSS software. The relevant statistical methods are utilized to analyze the research results. The ANOVA analysis reveals the impact of T2DM on pulmonary function; further, the correlation analysis unveils the association among glycemic status, pulmonary function of patients, and duration of diabetes with T2DM.

Results
The outcomes of the research will contribute to revealing the impact of T2DM on pulmonary function in relation to glycemic status and diabetes duration.

Conclusions
The outcomes offer valuable insights into the lung function of patients with T2DM and help in prior treatment for enhancing the pulmonary health. Finally, the proposed research will aid healthcare professionals in better management of T2DM in patients and its related complications.
Ultrasonic impact treatment of CoCrWNi superalloys for surface properties improvement
Authors: Nemati Rahim , Taghiabadi Reza , Yazdi Morteza Saghafi , Amini Saeid 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The effect of ultrasonic impact treatment (UIT) was studied on the surface microstructure, roughness parameters, micro- and nanoscale mechanical properties, surface residual stress, and nanoscale scratch and friction behavior of L-605 CoCrWNi alloy. According to the results, UIT increased the surface hardness of the L-605 alloy where the hardness of the 1-pass UITed sample (∼690 HV) was higher than that of the annealed alloy by about 120 %. This was attributed to the accumulation of strain, strain-induced martensitic transformation (SIMT), and the formation of ultrafine grains. The UIT also changed the tensile surface residual stress of the as-received L-605 sample to the compressive state. The stylus profilometry showed that applying 3-pass UIT substantially decreased the average roughness Ra and resulted in a negative surface skewness with an improved ratio. According to the nanoindentation/nanoscratch results, applying the first pass of UIT increased the nanohardness, H Er
−1 ratio, and H3 Er
−2 ratio by 230 %, 200 %, and 280 %, respectively. The UIT reduced the depth/width of the nanoscratch groove, lowered the amount of piled-up material, and substantially decreased the average friction coefficient (AFC).
Transient upregulation of procaspase-3 during oligodendrocyte fate decisions
Authors: Kamen Yasmine , Chapman Timothy W. , Piedra Enrique T. , Ciolkowski Matthew E. , Hill Robert A. 
Published: January 2025

Oligodendrocytes are generated throughout life and in neurodegenerative conditions from brain resident oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs). The transition from OPC to oligodendrocyte involves a complex cascade of molecular and morphological states that position the cell to make a fate decision to integrate as a myelinating oligodendrocyte or die through apoptosis. Oligodendrocyte maturation impacts the cell death mechanisms that occur in degenerative conditions, but it is unclear if and how the cell death machinery changes as OPCs transition into oligodendrocytes. Here, we discovered that differentiating oligodendrocytes transiently upregulate the zymogen procaspase-3 in both female and male mice, equipping these cells to make a survival decision during differentiation. Pharmacological inhibition of caspase-3 decreases oligodendrocyte density, indicating that procaspase-3 upregulation is linked to successful oligodendrocyte generation. Moreover, using procaspase-3 as a marker, we show that oligodendrocyte differentiation continues in the aging cortex and white matter. Taken together, our data establish procaspase-3 as a differentiating oligodendrocyte marker and provide insight into the underlying mechanisms occurring during the decision to integrate or die.Significance statementMyelin dysfunction and oligodendrocyte death occur in several neurological disorders and with aging. While new oligodendrocytes can be generated from oligodendrocyte precursor cells throughout life and in neurodegenerative conditions, this process is inefficient with many differentiating oligodendrocytes failing to integrate and dying. Investigating the cellular checkpoints that regulate these fate decisions is complicated by a paucity of molecular markers precisely delineating differentiation stages. Here, we identify that oligodendrocytes transiently upregulate the zymogen procaspase-3 during differentiation, establishing procaspase-3 as a differentiating oligodendrocyte marker. Importantly, procaspase-3 upregulation equips differentiating oligodendrocytes for a fate decision between death or integration and promotes oligodendrocyte differentiation. Thus, our data uncover new insights into mechanisms guiding oligodendrocyte fate decisions.
Recombinant FSH induced progesterone via partially regulating let-7 expression in human and mouse granulosa cells
Authors: Chen Jing , Chen Lin , Liu Weimin 
Published: January 2025

In brief
The administration of recombinant follicle-stimulating hormone (rFSH) during in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles in clinics may lead to premature progesterone rise, adversely affecting the success rates of assisted reproductive techniques. This study uncovers a potential mechanism through which rFSH stimulates progesterone production in human and mouse samples.

Abstract
Serum progesterone may increase prior to ovulation trigger in in vitro fertilization (IVF) patients, jeopardizing endometrial receptivity and therefore live birth rate. rFSH promotes progesterone production from human granulosa cells. Yet, the role of FSH in progesterone production needs deeper exploration. Studies were conducted in human primary cumulus cells from IVF cycles, a human granulosa cell line and mouse primary granulosa cells. The relative expression of Lethal-7 (let-7) was evaluated using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (real-time RT-PCR). Human primary cumulus cells were collected from individual cumulus–oocyte complexes of high-progesterone patients (serum progesterone level higher than 5 nM, n = 18) and a control group (serum progesterone level less than 5 nM, n = 25). The expression of let-7a in human primary cumulus cells was markedly reduced in the high-progesterone group compared to the control. The serum progesterone level was augmented after rFSH treatment at doses of 0.5, 1 and 2.5 IU along with reduced expression of let-7a. Progesterone levels in the cultured medium from isolated mouse primary granulosa cells and the human granulosa cell line were significantly elevated with rFSH at 12.5, 25 and 50 IU/L concentrations, with decreased expression of let-7a. In addition, there was a robust increase in let-7a expression in the let-7a mimics-transfected group and a decrease in the let-7a inhibitor group with or without rFSH treatment, showing the opposite trend of progesterone. Collectively, our findings revealed the key role of let-7 in rFSH-induced progesterone levels in both human and mouse granulosa cells, providing a potential mechanism for premature progesterone rise.
La plataforma Moodle: un medio de enseñanza eficaz para la comprensión lectora de textos científicos en inglés
Authors: Madruga Rios Oraily 
Published: January 2025

In the 2020 academic year , using Moodle platform was crucial to the Cuban formative process, which had to apply distance modality at the Higher Institute of Applied Technologies and Sciences, University of Havana, due to Covid-19 pandemic. Consequently, Moodle has become an effective teaching means in the subject "English (B1) with a scientific approach", focused on reading comprehension of scientific texts. The research aims at reviewing the perceptions of students and professors on the use of Moodle for reading comprehension of scientific texts in English. The study uses synthetic-analytical, historical-logical and documentary analysis methods whilst a poll, interview and Iadov technique demonstrate Moodle leverages. As a result, Moodle turns out to be intuitive, dynamic and attractive for students. In conclusion, Moodle helped them to improve their linguistic competence substantially. Meanwhile, teachers believe that such platform makes students less shy, which leads to active participation, continuous learning, and a strengthening of digital linguistic competencies.
Proyecto Guaná IA: innovación en la enseñanza de la lengua en riesgo
Authors: Ortiz Coronel Derlis , Lacerda de Sá Rubens , Trigo Luis , Pichel Campos José Ramom 
Published: January 2025

This research paper addresses the situation of the Guaná language in Paraguay, one of the indigenous peoples of the Maskoy linguistic family, highlighting the challenges and opportunities for its revitalization through artificial intelligence. Among the main justifications is that the Guaná language faces a serious threat of extinction, with only three elderly native speakers, which requires comprehensive measures for its preservation. The objective of the paper is to analyze the proposal for the integration of artificial intelligence in an educational curriculum for the revitalization of the Guaná language. The methodology was based on a literature review and comparative case studies of language revitalization in similar contexts. As for the results, effective strategies for language documentation and teaching were identified, including the use of digital tools and the creation of adaptive educational resources. The conclusion is that artificial intelligence, combined with culturally relevant educational approaches, can play a key role in language preservation, promoting its intergenerational use and transmission.