bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fatty acid distillation residues from rice oil bran refining as a source of phytochemicals
Authors: Pestana‐Bauer V. Ribeiro , Mendonça C. Rosane , Bruscatto M. Hoffmann , Krumreich F. Doring , Otero D. Murowaniecki , Costa I. Henrique , Zambiazi R. Carlos 
Published: June 2023

SummaryThe aim of this work was to develop an extraction method to recover γ‐oryzanol and tocopherols from the distillation residue of the fatty acids generated during the neutralisation step of the rice bran oil refining process. The phytochemicals extraction was performed with different solvents (chloroform, methanol, methyl ethyl ketone and acetone) at a ratio of 10:1 v/w (solvent: sample), by agitating the mixture for 10 min at room temperature (20 °C ± 2 °C), then stored at −18 °C for 15 h. The γ‐oryzanol and tocopherol content in the extracted fractions were concentrated and quantified using reverse phase high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with UV–vis and fluorescence detector, respectively. It was observed that only one step of extraction with methanol resulted in an increased concentration of tocopherols for about six times, with a recovery of 51.50%. However, using two stages of extraction, the mixture of methanol and methyl ethyl ketone (1:1, v/v) allowed the recovery of 92.15% of tocopherols and 84.12% of γ‐oryzanol, increasing the initial concentration of these phytochemicals in about three times. These results show that there is a great possibility of these phytochemicals recovery from the distillation residue from fatty acid recovery.
A national questionnaire survey of Japanese urologists on treatment perspectives for elderly prostate cancer patients
Authors: Kato Takuma , Tohi Yoichiro , Honda Tomoko , Matsuda Iori , Osaki Yu , Naito Hirohito , Matsuoka Yuki , Okazoe Homare , Taoka Rikiya , Ueda Nobufumi , Sugimoto Mikio 
Published: June 2023

ObjectiveThis study conducted a national questionnaire survey of Japanese urologists from a treatment perspective for older patients with prostate cancer.MethodsA questionnaire was distributed to 922 teaching hospitals of the Japanese Urological Association. Questionnaire items included years of urologist experience, gender, workplace, treatment equipment owned, daily specialty practice area, urological cancer specialty, treatment reference items for older adults, upper age limit for radical treatment, medication, and two hypothetical cases of Gleason grade group 2 prostate cancer with or without oligometastasis.ResultsIn total, 1732 questionnaires were analyzed, with responses evenly distributed across all age groups. Workplaces included general hospitals (49.4%), university hospitals (40.3%), and cancer centers (4.2%). Performance status was the most frequently mentioned treatment‐related item, followed by comorbidities and cognitive function. In addition, geriatric assessment was used by only 13.3% of respondents. No upper age limit was found for total prostatectomy, brachytherapy, and external beam radiation. Anti‐androgens, androgen receptor‐axis‐targeted agents, chemotherapy, poly ADP ribose polymerase inhibitors, and immune‐checkpoint inhibitors were selected by 6.8%, 35.6%, 47.3%, 89%, 62.8%, 24.7%, 41.9%, and 41.7% of the respondents, respectively. Response rates for administration of hormone therapy for hypothetical cases of Gleason grade group 2 prostate cancer with or without oligometastases were 96.8% and 61.2%, respectively.ConclusionsLess than 15% of urologists used geriatric assessments. Several responded that they would set age limits for highly invasive radical and systemic therapies.
Socio‐behavioural determinants associated with the first dental visit in Saudi children: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Gudipaneni Ravi Kumar , Alsirhani Munahi Abdullah Rushdallah , Alruwaili Musab Redha S. , Alharbi Abdullah Khalaf K. , Alftaikhah Sultan Abdulkareem Ali , Almaeen Saud Hamdan , Manchery Nithin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroudOral health is an integral component of overall well‐being, understanding the age at which children have their first dental visit (FDV) and the socio‐behavioural factors influencing these visits is essential for improving oral health outcomes in children.AimThis study aimed to determine the age at which Saudi children had their FDV and the socio‐behavioural predictors associated with these visits in Al Jouf Province, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.DesignThis cross‐sectional study used a multistage stratified random sampling technique to invite 566 parents/guardians of schoolchildren aged 12 years or younger. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was used to identify socio‐behavioural variables that predict children's FDV. p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsMost FDVs in children occurred between the ages of 6 and 10 years. More than half of the participants stated that FDVs occurred primarily because of dental pain. Furthermore, educated mothers reported a higher frequency of dental visits for their children. Children with a low family income were 63% (95% confidence interval 0.16–0.83; p = .015) less likely to visit a dentist between the ages of 1 and 5 years.ConclusionFirst dental visits in children in Al Jouf Province typically occurred between the ages of 6 and 10 years, with dental pain being the main reason. Parents' or caregiver's relationships with children, parental age and familial income were identified as predictors of the FDV.
RETRACTED: Platelet‐rich plasma influence on the sternal wounds healing: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Zhu Shenyu , Gao Jianfeng , Yu Wenbo , Xiong Jianxian 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA meta‐analysis research was executed to appraise the effect of platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) on sternal wound healing (SWH). Inclusive literature research till April 2023 was done and 1098 interconnected researches were revised. The 11 picked researches, enclosed 8961 cardiac surgery (CS) persons were in the utilised researchers' starting point, 3663 of them were utilising PRP, and 5298 were control. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were utilised to appraise the effect of PRP on the SWH by the dichotomous approach and a fixed or random model. PRP had significantly lower sternal wound infection (SWI) (OR, 0.11; 95% CI, 0.03–0.34, p < 0.001), deep SWI (OR, 0.29; 95% CI, 0.16–0.51, p < 0.001), and superficial SWI (OR, 0.20; 95% CI, 0.13–0.33, p < 0.001), compared to control in CS persons. PRP had significantly lower SWI, deep SWI, and superficial SWI, compared to control in CS persons. However, caution must be taken when interacting with its values since there was a low sample size of some of the nominated research found for the comparisons in the meta‐analysis.
Alumina dissolution process to fabricate bimodal pore architecture alumina with superior green and sintered properties
Authors: Pandey Vaibhav , Panda Saroja Kanta , Singh Vinay Kumar 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHerein, a straightforward, adaptable, and cost‐effective approach has been proposed to realize the concept of dissolution of alumina in acidic aqueous media to fabricate porous alumina showing exceptional green machining properties and exhibiting good thermomechanical properties through in situ generated blowing agents and thermo‐foaming process. The process involves dissolving alumina in concentrated sulfuric acid to generate aluminum hydroxide and aluminum sulfate, which act as blowing agents to produce pores in the final structure through a decomposition process at elevated temperatures. By varying the concentration of deionized water and acidification using sulfuric acid, different alumina slurries are prepared. Sintering shrinkage is well countered through simultaneous consolidation and decomposition process during the heat treatment, and a minimum shrinkage of 0.88% is achieved. In addition to its pore‐forming properties, aluminum sulfate also provides strong binding effects to green bodies, contributing to their exceptional green machining properties. The resulting porous alumina exhibits a green flexural strength of up to 17 MPa, making it capable of bearing loads and forces during green machining. The sintered porous alumina fabricated in the study has a porosity range of 34.43%–59.24% and a flexural strength of 27.84–53.21 MPa. The prepared porous alumina also exhibits satisfactory thermal resistivity, with a minimum thermal conductivity of 1.23 W/m K, and has intra/intergranular space in the nano range. The coexistence of a combination of bimodal pores in a single monolithic matrix makes it exceptionally porous and suitable for an extensive spectrum of applications.
Novel B‐site scheelite structure ceramic Bi(Ge0.5Mo0.5)O4 and its dielectric properties
Authors: Xu Diming , Zhang Haowei , Pang Lixia , Hussain Fayaz , Zhou Tao , Sun Shi‐Kuan , Chen Zhijiao , Zhou Di 
Published: June 2023

AbstractScheelite structure phase inorganic oxides show their irreplaceable role in numerous application areas due to their clear structure and superior properties, especially in dielectrics. Scheelite structure phase BiVO4 has been permanently studied but substitutions, modifications, and explorations of novel phases persist hitherto and inspire more interest. In this work, we report a novel Scheelite structure phase of Bi(Ge0.5Mo0.5)O4 and a detailed study of both structural analysis and dielectric properties investigation. Bi(Ge0.5Mo0.5)O4 adopts the monoclinic Scheelite structure, identical to BiVO4, with a dielectric permittivity of ∼ 35, Qf value of ∼20 000 GHz, and TCF value of ‒46 ppm/°C. No secondary ferroelastic transition was seen in Bi(Ge0.5Mo0.5)O4 till 600°C, close to its synthetical temperature. The results indicate the success of discovering a new Scheelite structure phase and its prior engineering potential in modifying and substituting BiVO4 over the dielectric area, photocatalyst, ion conductor, and so forth.
Focal atrial tachycardia arising from left superior pulmonary vein in a pediatric patient, safely treated by pulsed‐field ablation
Authors: Rossillo Antonio , Borio Gianluca , Vittadello Sabina , Spadaro Gian Luca , Bonanno Carlo , Raviele Antonio , Caprioglio Francesco 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroductionWe describe the first case of the use of pulsed‐field ablation (PFA) to treat focal atrial tachycardia (FAT) in a pediatric patient.MethodsAn 11‐year‐old girl with obesity was referred to our center for ablation of incessant atrial tachycardia. The earliest atrial activation was shown to be present in the left superior pulmonary vein. Radiofrequency ablation of FAT seems to be associated with a lower success rate and, especially, with a higher complication rate than in adult patients.ResultsWe performed ablation by means of a novel nonthermal energy source (PFA) that is able to reduce the risk of complications due to injury to anatomic structures surrounding the heart. After the first application, stable sinus rhythm was restored.ConclusionsPFA can be used to treat FAT arising from pulmonary veins in young children as a good alternative to RFA ablation, thereby reducing the risk of potential procedure‐related complications.
The tree shrew as a new animal model for the study of periodontitis
Authors: Ma Liya , Chen Rui , Zhang Yelin , Dai Zichao , Huang Guobin , Yang Rongqiang , Yang Hefeng 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimPeriodontitis is an inflammatory, infectious disease of polymicrobial origin that can damage tooth‐supporting bone and tissue. Tree shrews, evolutionarily closer to humans than commonly used rodent models, have been increasingly used as biomedical models. However, a tree shrew periodontitis model has not yet been established.Materials and MethodsPeriodontitis was induced in male tree shrews/Sprague–Dawley rats by nylon thread ligature placement around the lower first molars. Thereafter, morphometric and histological analyses were performed. The distance from the cemento‐enamel junction to the alveolar bone crest was measured using micro‐computed tomography. Periodontal pathological tissue damage, inflammation and osteoclastogenesis were assessed using haematoxylin and eosin staining and quantitative immunohistochemistry, respectively.ResultsPost‐operatively, gingival swelling, redness and spontaneous bleeding were observed in tree shrews but not in rats. After peaking, bone resorption decreased gradually until plateauing in tree shrews. Contrastingly, rapid and near‐complete bone loss was observed in rats. Inflammatory infiltrates were observed 1 week post operation in both models. However, only the tree shrew model transitioned from acute to chronic inflammation.ConclusionsOur study revealed that a ligature‐induced tree shrew model of periodontitis partly reproduced the pathological features of human periodontitis and provided theoretical support for using tree shrews as a potential model for human periodontitis.
The challenges of using ranks to estimate sales
Authors: Liebowitz Stan J. , Zentner Alejandro 
Published: June 2023

AbstractResearchers have frequently used data on product ranks to estimate nonpublic sales quantities, believing that there is a power‐law‐induced linear relationship between logged sales ranks and logged sales. Using essentially complete data on book sales, the most commonly used product in this literature, we find that the (double‐logged) relationship between sales ranks and quantity sold is not linear, but robustly concave. We demonstrate that this concavity is likely to cause very poor sales predictions in many instances. We provide two concrete examples where applying this linear method to the concave relationship has led to serious errors in sales estimates. First, in the claim that the Internet's greater product variety in books has a large positive impact on social welfare, and second, in a claim about relative sales levels in top 20 and top 50 music “charts.” We also explore the use of nonlinear specifications as an alternative method to predict sales from ranks and find a simple specification that provides much better sales estimates. Finally, we examine the possibility that a particular type of biased sample might allow reasonable linear estimates of industry sales and conclude that it is possible but quite unlikely.
Managerial characteristics and performance of eurozone mutual funds
Authors: Tolikas Konstantinos , Callonnec Marc 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe investigate the relation between observable managerial characteristics (i.e., gender, age, tenure, professional qualifications, and advanced education) and performance in diversified equity mutual funds domiciled in the eurozone. We find that differences in the fund alphas are statistically significant only in groups based on age, tenure, and professional qualifications (i.e., chartered financial analyst [CFA]). We also find a significant positive relation for age and CFA certification with a fund's risk‐adjusted performance and a significant negative relation for tenure. However, we find no significant effect for gender and advanced education (i.e., master of business administration [MBA]). The differences in risk taking are significantly related only with age and tenure; the former has a negative and the latter a positive relation with risk taking.
Real‐time detection of Fusarium infection in moving corn grains using YOLOv5 object detection algorithm
Authors: Thangaraj Sundaramurthy Rathna Priya , Balasubramanian Yogameena , Annamalai Manickavasagan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractReal‐time inspection and removal of individual Fusarium head blight (FHB) infected corn grains from the processing lines has been a challenging issue due to the bulk handling and smaller kernel size. In this study, four different variants (small(s), medium(m), nano(n), and large(l)) of You Only Look Once (YOLO) version 5 object detection technique were trained for the detection of Fusarium infection in a moving monolayer of touching and non‐touching corn grains. The YOLOv5 object detection models were evaluated for their performance in detecting FHB infection in individual corn grains. A heterogeneous dataset containing images and video frames of healthy and FHB infected corn grains in different illuminations was utilized. The mean average precision calculated at Intersection over Union threshold of .5 (mAP@50) was 99%, 98%, 95%, and 96% for YOLOv5‐s, YOLOv5‐m, YOLOv5‐n, and YOLOv5‐l models, respectively. The detection speed in videos was 3.9, 1.6, 9.8, and .8 frames per second for YOLOv5‐s, m, n, and l models, respectively. For non‐touching grains, all four variants of the YOLOv5 model showed 100% precision, but for touching grains, all variants showed false negatives in detection of FHB infection, especially on overlapping kernels. The recall values were found to be 98%, 99%, 96%, and 97% for YOLOv5‐s, m, n, and l models, respectively. The best combination of mAP, detection speed, and lower false negatives was achieved by the YOLOv5‐m model. YOLOv5‐m has the potential for use in real‐time detection of Fusarium infection in corn grains apart from lag time in videos.Practical ApplicationThe developed video analysis technique based on YOLOv5 object detection method will be beneficial for the accurate identification of Fusarium infected corn grains in bulk handling facilities. The individual FHB infected grains could be detected on processing lines and could be used for real‐time inspection replacing the random sampling techniques currently used, thereby preventing the entry of Fusarium mycotoxins in the food chain. For non touching corn grains, all the YOLOv5 model variants showed a 100% precision in identifying the healthy and FHB infected grains. For touching grains, YOLOv5‐m model showed the best combination of mAP, detection speed, and lower false negatives proving appropriate for inspection on moving conveyor belts. The nano model with the lightweight architecture installed in portable devices can be used for immediate detection of FHB infection without lag time.
Biomarkers for monitoring alcohol sobriety after liver transplantation for alcoholic liver disease
Authors: Liu Jiang , Man Kwan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAlcoholic liver disease (ALD) has become the most common indication for liver transplantation in Western countries, and its incidence is rapidly increasing in East Asia. Alcohol abstinence remains the standard of care for promoting liver transplantation for ALD and for preventing posttransplant graft loss. However, efficient monitoring methods are still being developed due to the limitations of traditional biomarkers, interviews, and questionnaires. The development of alcohol biomarkers has shifted from detecting alcohol and methanol to indirect byproducts, and to current mid‐term and long‐term direct alcohol metabolites, which provide higher accuracy and cover almost all types of alcohol relapse detection. However, in most clinical studies, biomarkers are used and validated in healthy individuals and alcohol use disorder (AUD) patients and for pretransplant evaluations. The evidence for their use in posttransplant abstinence monitoring is still lacking, but it is crucial for early detection of alcohol relapse and initiating intervention. This review aims to summarize the current evidence of the use of biomarkers for monitoring sobriety and alcohol relapse after liver transplantation, as well as to cover the diagnostic accuracy, detection window, and optimal multidisciplinary strategies.
Countercyclical Capital Buffers: A Cautionary Tale
Authors: KOCH CHRISTOFFER , RICHARDSON GARY , HORN PATRICK VAN 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCountercyclical capital buffers (CCyBs) are an old idea recently resurrected. They compel systemically important banks to accumulate capital during expansions to sustain operations during downturns. We compare banks before the Great Depression, when CCyBs existed, and Great Recession, when they did not. Pre‐Depression systemically important banks built capital buffers between 3% and 5% of total assets during booms, nearly twice the maximum modern CCyB, while also reducing risky lending and building cash reserves. These buffers enabled banks at the core of the financial system to continue operations during severe crises while the rest of the financial system collapsed. This analogy indicates that modern countercyclical buffers may achieve their goals of protecting core banks during crises but raises questions about whether they will contribute to overall financial stability.
Associations Between State Practice Regulations and Access to Midwifery Care
Authors: Herndon Acacia , Vanderlaan Jennifer 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionThis study aimed to identify associations between state policies and access to midwifery care. Identifying policies that facilitate increased access to midwives will help policymakers determine the best methods for increasing access to midwives in their states.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study was conducted at the county level as a secondary analysis of National Vital Statistics data from the Natality online database. The unit of analysis was counties with populations of at least 100,000, and the outcome was the proportion of births attended by midwives in 2019. The potential predictors of increased access to midwifery care were independent midwife licensure, independent midwife prescribing, midwife access to hospital medical staff membership, and midwife Medicaid parity. Medicaid provider resources and state statutes verified Medicaid reimbursement rates and eligibility for hospital medical staff privileges. Each state was categorized as an independent or restricted licensure state according to data from the American College of Nurse‐Midwives. Data for the control variable, the presence of a midwifery education program, were gathered from the Accreditation Commission for Midwifery Education. The analysis was conducted as a Poisson regression.ResultsThere was no association between independent licensing and increased access among all states. Stratifying the analysis by independent licensing law revealed that all but one policy was related to higher rates of midwife attendance at birth. Maximum Medicaid reimbursement correlated with greater access regardless of licensing status. The rate of midwife‐attended births in independent licensing states grew as the number of potential predictors in a county increased.DiscussionRegulatory policies beyond independent licensing are associated with women's access to midwifery services. In independent licensing states, adopting additional policies favorable to midwives may strengthen access to midwifery. Policymakers and regulators can use these findings to identify strategies for accelerating the expansion of midwifery access in their states.