bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Protocol for the pilot quasi-experimental controlled trial of a gender-responsive implementation strategy with providers to improve HIV outcomes in Uganda
Authors: Sileo K. M. , Wanyenze R. K. , Anecho A. , Luttinen R. , Semei C. , Mukasa B. , Musoke W. , Vermund S. H. , Dworkin S. L. , Dovidio J. F. , Taylor B. S. , Kershaw T. S. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundAntiretroviral treatment (ART) is the most effective clinical intervention for reducing morbidity and mortality among persons living with HIV. However, in Uganda, there are disparities between men and women in viral load suppression and related HIV care engagement outcomes, which suggests problems with the implementation of ART. Gender norms are a known driver of HIV disparities in sub-Saharan Africa, and patient-provider relationships are a key factor in HIV care engagement; therefore, the role of gender norms is important to consider in interventions to achieve the equitable provision of treatment and the quality of ART counseling.MethodsThe overall research objective of this study is to pilot test an implementation strategy (i.e., methods to improve the implementation of an evidence-based intervention) to increase providers’ capacity to provide gender-responsive treatment and counseling to men and women on HIV treatment in Uganda. Delivered to HIV providers, this group training adapts evidence-based strategies to reduce gender biases and increase skills to deliver gender-specific and transformative HIV counseling to patients. The implementation strategy will be piloted through a quasi-experimental controlled trial. Clinics will be randomly assigned to either the intervention or control conditions. The trial will assess feasibility and acceptability and explore barriers and facilitators to implementation and future adoption while gathering preliminary evidence on the implementation strategy’s effectiveness by comparing changes in patient (N= 240) and provider (N= 80–140) outcomes across intervention and control clinics through 12-month follow-up. Quantitative data will be descriptively analyzed, qualitative data will be analyzed through thematic analysis, and these data will be mixed during the presentation and interpretation of results where appropriate.DiscussionThis pilot intervention trial will gather preliminary evidence on the acceptability, feasibility, and potential effect of a novel implementation strategy to improve men and women’s HIV care engagement, with the potential to reduce gender disparities in HIV outcomes.Trial registrationClinicaltrials.govNCT05178979, retrospectively registered on January 5, 2022
A family-tailored early motor intervention (EMI-Heart) for infants with complex congenital heart disease: study protocol for a feasibility RCT
Authors: Mitteregger Elena , Dirks Tineke , Theiler Manuela , Kretschmar Oliver , Latal Beatrice 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Children with congenital heart disease (CHD) undergoing open-heart surgery are at risk for developmental impairments with motor delay manifesting first and contributing to parental concerns. Only a few interventional studies aim to improve neuromotor development in infants with CHD with inconclusive results. We thus developed a family-tailored early motor intervention (EMI-Heart), which aims to promote motor development and family well-being in the first year of life after open-heart surgery.
The primary aim described in this protocol is to evaluate feasibility of EMI-Heart. The secondary aim is to describe the difference between the intervention and control group in motor outcomes and family well-being at baseline, post-treatment, and follow-up.

Methods
This prospective, parallel single-center feasibility randomized controlled trial (RCT) will compare EMI-Heart with standard of care in infants with complex CHD. Sixteen infants and their families, randomly allocated to EMI-Heart or the control group, will participate within the first 5 months of life. Infants assigned to EMI-Heart will receive early motor intervention for 3 months. The intervention’s key is to promote infants’ postural control to enhance motor development and partnering with parents to encourage family well-being.
Feasibility outcomes will be (a) clinical recruitment rate and percentage of families completing EMI-Heart, (b) average duration and number of sessions, and (c) acceptability of EMI-Heart using a parental questionnaire post-treatment, and descriptive acceptability of EMI-Heart to the pediatric physiotherapist.
Secondary outcomes of the intervention and control group will be infants’ motor outcomes and questionnaires assessing family well-being at 3–5 months (baseline), at 6–8 months (post-treatment), and at 12 months of age (follow-up).
We will evaluate feasibility using descriptive statistics. Non-parametric statistical analysis of secondary outcomes will assess differences between the groups at baseline, post-treatment, and follow-up.

Discussion
This feasibility RCT will provide information about a newly developed family-tailored early motor intervention in infants with complex CHD. The RCT design will provide a foundation for a future large-scale interventional trial for infants with CHD after open-heart surgery.

Trial registration
This study protocol (version 1.3, 01.02.2022) was approved by the Cantonal Ethics Commission Zurich (BASEC-Nr. 2019–01,787) and is registered by Clinicaltrials.gov (NCTT04666857).
Prevalence, causes and treatments of allergic rhinitis in Malaysia: a literature review
Authors: Prasad Vivek , Abdullah Maha , Nordin Fazlina , Subha Sethu Thakachy 
Published: December 2022

AbstractRecently, allergic rhinitis (AR) cases have been surging rapidly in many developing countries. However, the prevalence, risk factors and treatment modalities for AR within the Malaysian population have not been thoroughly evaluated. The present study aimed to provide a complete review of literature on allergic rhinitis in Malaysia. Available data indicated that the prevalence of AR varied across different age groups and regions in Malaysia, but there is an increasing trend among the younger population. The key contributing factor is exposure and sensitization towards several airborne allergens, mainly house dust mites, cat fur and fungi, with possible genetic predispositions. In addition, variations in the symptom severity may be associated with racial orientations. For management of the disease, standard prescriptions of conventional drugs (antihistamines, intranasal corticosteroids and nasal decongestants) remain as the treatment of choice. A small proportion of the native residents tend to resort to alternative approaches of self-healing through aromatherapy and natural food consumption such as tiger’s milk mushroom andTualanghoney. In conclusion, the increase in the cases of AR in Malaysia is due to environmental and genetic factors which requires proper medical intervention as treatment strategies. The utilization of holistic approaches requires further studies and clear understanding prior to their integration into the standard of care. There are still many gaps in the knowledge and management of allergic rhinitis which demands further attention from the research community.
Investigation of proarrhythmic effect of high sugammadex doses: an experimental animal study
Authors: Demir Emin Tunç , Erbaş Mesut 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Studies on higher doses of sugammadex effect on QT interval and leading arrhythmia have been limited. In this study, we aimed to investigate possible proarrhythmic effect of higher doses of sugammadex in conditions that required urgent reversal of neuromuscular blockade during general anesthesia in an experimental animal model.

Methods
It was experimental animal study. Total of 15 male New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into three groups for low (4 mg/kg, n = 5), moderate (16 mg/kg, n = 5), and high dose of sugammadex (32 mg/kg, n = 5). All rabbits were premedicated by intramuscular ketamine 10 mg/kg, and general anesthesia was inducted by intravenous injection of 2 mg/kg of a propofol, 1 mcg/kg fentanyl, and 0.6 mg/kg rocuronium injection. Airway was provided by V-gel rabbit and connected to anesthetic device and ventilated at about 40 cycle/min and 10 ml/kg; oxygen 50% plus air 50% mixture was used with 1 MAC isoflurane to maintain anesthesia. Electrocardiographic monitorization and arterial cannulation were provided to follow-up mean arterial pressure and for arterial blood gas analyses. Intravenous sugammadex in three different doses were injected at 25th min of induction. After observing adequate respiration of all rabbits, V-gel rabbit was removed. Parameters and ECG recordings were taken basal value before induction and at the 5th, 10th, 20th, 25th, 30th, and 40th min to measure corrected QT intervals and were stored on digital media. QT interval was calculated as the time from the beginning of the Q wave to the end of the T wave. Corrected QT interval was calculated according to the Bazett’s formula. Possible adverse effects were observed and recorded.

Results
In all three groups, there was no significant statistical difference in mean arterial blood gases parameters, arterial pressures, heart rates, and Bazett QTc values, and no serious arrhythmia was recorded.

Conclusion
We found in animal study that low, moderate, and high doses of sugammadex did not significantly altered corrected QT intervals and did not cause any significant arrhythmia.
Prediagnostic Vitamin D Status and Colorectal Cancer Survival by Vitamin D Binding Protein Isoforms in US Cohorts
Authors: Kim Hanseul , Yuan Chen , Nguyen Long H , Ng Kimmie , Giovannucci Edward L 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Context
Lower 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels have consistently been associated with higher mortality among participants with colorectal cancer (CRC).

Objective
To investigate whether the association between 25(OH)D and CRC mortality differs according to vitamin D binding protein (also known as Gc) isoforms.

Methods
We examined the association between prediagnostic 25(OH)D levels and overall and CRC-specific mortality among participants with CRC within 2 prospective US cohorts. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs.

Results
588 participants with CRC were observed until the date of death or last follow-up (2018), whichever came first. Deficient vs sufficient 25(OH)D concentrations (&lt;30 vs ≥50 nmol/L) were associated with higher overall mortality (HR 2.06; 95% CI 1.34-3.18) but not with CRC-specific mortality (HR 1.51; 95% CI 0.75-3.07). The HRs for overall mortality comparing deficient vs sufficient concentrations were 2.43 (95% CI 1.26-4.70) for those with the Gc1-1 isoform (rs4588 CC) and 1.63 (95% CI 0.88-3.02) for those with the Gc1-2 or Gc2-2 (rs4588 CA or AA) isoform (P for interaction = .54). The HRs for CRC-specific mortality were 1.18 (95% CI 0.27-5.14) for those with the Gc1-1 isoform and 1.41 (95% CI 0.62-3.24) for those with the Gc1-2 or Gc2-2 isoform (P for interaction = .94).

Conclusion
In these 2 US cohorts, we found that lower 25(OH)D levels were associated with higher overall mortality, but this association did not differ by Gc isoforms.
Monolayer Formation and Chiral Recognition of Binaphthyl Amphiphiles at the Air–Water Interface
Authors: Negi Shigeru , Hamori Mami , Kubo Yoshiyasu , Kitagishi Hiroaki , Kano Koji 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In this study, we designed a new monolayer-forming material, 2, 2′-bis(octadecyloxy)-1, 1′-binaphthyl-6, 6′-dicarboxylic acid (BNOC), which has axial chirality derived from the binaphthyl moiety with two COOH groups. Because the axial chirality of the binaphthyl group occupies a larger asymmetric space than the central chirality, the arrangement of the binaphthyl derivative is expected to show a characteristic structure at the air–water interface. In addition, BNOC has two carboxyl groups, which may form intermolecular hydrogen bonds. We carried out the structural analyses of racemic and optically active BNOC monolayers using surface pressure–area isotherms in parallel with Brewster angle microscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Our results indicated that (±)-BNOC forms a solid film while (S)-BNOC forms a liquid film. Moreover, AFM structural analysis revealed that the real lattices of both monolayers differ significantly. These structural differences are attributed to the steric regularity resulting from the axial chirality, which causes a difference in the mode of intermolecular interaction between the two monolayers.
Synthesis of Pyridine-SF4-Alkynes via Light-Promoted Radical Coupling of Pyridine-SF4-Chlorides and EBX Reagents
Authors: Mahmoud Elsayed M , Iwasaki Hiroto , Hada Kenshiro , Murata Yusuke , Sumii Yuji , Shibata Norio 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Pyridine-tetrafluoro-λ6-sulfanyl-alkynes have emerged as building blocks for synthesizing linearly-linked pyridine-heterocycles. They are prepared via a two-step procedure comprising the radical addition of pyridine-tetrafluoro-λ6-sulfanyl-chlorides and alkynes and subsequent base-promoted elimination of HCl. Herein we developed a straightforward alternative synthesis via the radical coupling of pyridine-tetrafluoro-λ6-sulfanyl-chlorides with ethynylbenziodoxolone reagents under LED irradiation.
Detection and identification of cyclops in well’s water, Jabal Awliya locality, Khartoum, Sudan 2021
Authors: Salah Eldin Moustafa Athar , Mohamed Nour Saada , Mahmoud Idris Gihan , Mohamed Hussein Babiker , Karar Ahmed Mohamed Muaiad , Mohamedelrasheed Salma Mohamed Ahmed 
Published: December 2022

Background: Dracunculus medinensis or "Guinea-worm" is the parasitic worm that causes Dracunculiasis disease. The Cyclops (Meso and Micro Cyclops), which is only spread through drinking from water sources in endemic areas, carries this worm. This study aimed to detect and identify Cyclops in wells water, Jabal Awliya locality Khartoum state, Sudan 2021 Methods: This is a cross sectional study held in Jabal Awliya locality which is located in Khartoum state Sudan from 2021-2022. The locality is one of the seven localities in the state which is considered as the main gate for the refugees from South Sudan, Chad and Ethiopia where Dracunculus medinensis has not been eradicated yet. The population is 274,321. Results: A total of 264 samples were collected,132 from well’s water and 132 from post wells water sources. Well’s water contamination with cyclops was found to be 2.4% while post well’s contamination was found to be 8.9%. The species reported by microscopy are: Afrocyclops, Mesocyclops and Microcyclops. Significant statistical difference between well’s and post well’s contamination was found (p-value 0.02). Conclusions: In conclusion, it is apparent that well’s water as well as dam water are contaminated with copepods (Afro-, Meso- and Microcyclops). Hence Residents in the research regions are at hazard for Dracunculus infection whenever larvae make their way to the water sources since mesocyclops and microcyclops are recognized Guinea worm vectors. Since no apparent water treatment system has been found in the areas under study, it is crucial that water sources in this area be treated before consumption in order to reduce the risk of illness. Awareness by the worm as well as the disease should be raised in order to ensure that the larvae from the hosts will not be carried to the wells.
The chemotherapeutic activity of areca nut extract increased stromal tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in 4-nutriquinoline-1-oxide-tumor-induced Sprague-Dawley rats
Authors: Sari Liza Meutia , Novita Cut Fera , Andriany Poppy , Sari Dina Keumala 
Published: December 2022

Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most common oral cancers with a high mortality rate. The biodiversity source in Indonesia makes areca nut a potential antioxidant in treating disease. Objective: The study aimed to evaluate the chemotherapeutic effect of areca nut extract in 4-nutriquinoline-1-oxide (NQO)-tumor-induced rats. Methods: Twenty-eight male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups. Group 1 served as the control group, group 2 was 4NQO-induced rats without treatment, and groups 3 and 4 were given 4NQO-tumor inducer with 500 and 1000 mg/kg BW of areca nut extract, respectively. The rats in groups 2,3, and 4 received 30 ppm of 4NQO tumor inducer in drinking water for 12 weeks. In the end, all rats were euthanized and the tongue was removed. The body, liver, kidney, heart, and lungs weights were measured. Tongue tumor volume and dysplasia lesions were analyzed. The tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in the tumor and stromal area were scored semi-quantitatively associating the infiltrate grade (0-3) and analyzed histologically. Results: There were significant differences in body weight loss between the initial and final phases in groups 1 and 2 (p<0.05). The areca nut at doses of 500 and 1000 mg/kg BW significantly reduced the tumor size compared with groups 1 and 2 (p<0.05). The incidence of OSCC in rats with 500 and 1000 mg/kg BW of areca nut extract after 22 weeks was 0%, but the dysplasia lesions were observed at 28.57% and 85.71%, respectively. The highest mean of stromal TILs was in group 3 and there were significant differences in stromal TILs between groups 2 and 3 (p<0.05). Conclusion: Areca nut extract exerts a chemotherapeutic activity in 4NQO-induced rats by inducing infiltrating lymphocytes in the stromal tumor area on the OSCC lesion of the tongue.
IMITATION AND SIMULATION OF THE MEDIEVAL NARRATIONS IN MODERN MEDIEVALISM: FEATURES OF THE STRUCTURE AND ITS (DE)CONSTRUCTION
Authors: Kyrchanoff Maksym W. 
Published: December 2022

Goal. The goal of the article is to analyze the constructed “medieval” narrative in the texts of George Martin and other American authors, who form synthetic versions of the political, social, cultural and religious history of the Seven Kingdoms.
The novelty of the article lies in the study of the features of the historical narrative in the texts of George Martin in contexts of its imitation and simulation of the medieval narrative structure of the text in combination with elements and techniques of postmodern prose.
Methodology. Methodologically, the article is based on the principles of interdisciplinary historiography proposed in intellectual and cultural history, as well as in the study of medievalism as a synthetic form of mass ideas about the Middle Ages in the modern consumer society.
Results. It is assumed that George Martin and his co-authors proposed a successful model for imitation of the medieval historical narrative, simulating the style and narrative techniques of medieval historical writings. This article analyzes the problems of historical narrative in the contexts of imagination, invention, simulation, imitation, construction and deconstruction. The author analyzes the systemic themes that form the historical narrative of George Martin. The author believes that chronology, religiosity, the heterogeneous nature of the text, images of Otherness, the presence of a hero of history form the basis of the simulated medieval historical narrative. It is shown that George Martin’s texts formally imitate the style of medieval narration, but actually actualize the potential of simulation and imitation of modern postmodern culture.
Conclusions. The article shows that 1) George Martin and his co-authors reproduce a conditional “medieval” text, which is actually a construct, 2) the analyzed text can be interpreted in the categories of construction, deconstruction, assimilation, simulation and imitation, 3) the analyzed narrative is a form of deconstruction of the past, constructing alternative and parallel images of the Middle Ages, 4) George Martin’s texts can be described as attempts to assimilate academic medievalism and mass cultural medievalism.
(DE)CONSTRUCTION OF THE HISTORICAL NARRATION OF MODERN AMERICAN MEDIEVALISM: THE “INVENTION” OF THE SOCIAL AND POLITICAL HISTORY OF THE SEVEN KINGDOMS OF WESTEROS
Authors: Kyrchanoff Maksym W. 
Published: December 2022

Purpose. The purpose of the article is to deconstruct the constructed “historical” narrative in contexts of the social, political and economic features of the feudalism of the world of the Seven Kingdoms, imagined in the imitated narration of the American writer George Martin, presented in his novels that make up the “A Song of Ice and Fire” cycle.
The novelty of the article lies in the study of the features of the social and economic history of the imagining medieval world of the Seven Kingdoms.
Methodology. Methodologically, the article is based on the principles of interdisciplinary historiography proposed in intellectual and cultural histories, as well as in the study of medievalism as a synthetic form of mass ideas about the Middle Ages in modern consumer society.
Results. It is assumed that George Martin proposed a model for the development of medieval society. The political relations and institutions described by G. Martin have parallels with those social forms of organization that arose and developed in the Medieval West. Therefore, in contexts of social history, the society described by George Martin can be defined as feudal. Critically analyzing George Martin’s texts as sources and deconstructing the narratives that form them, the author presumes that in the Seven Kingdoms the processes of feudal revolution led to the formation of a system of relations of vassalage and suzerainty. George Martin’s texts are a source on the history of the institutions of royalty, describing both the history of regional dynasties and the features of their subordination and integration into the state established as a result of the conquest of Westeros by Aegon I.
Conclusions. The article shows that 1) George Martin became constructor of a parallel version of the social and political histories of the Middle Ages and feudalism, 2) George Martin proposed an image of the Middle Ages, genetically ascending in the history of Medieval Europe, 3) the analyzed texts can be identified as a source on the social, economic and political history of the Seven Kingdoms.
Fibromyalgia in the light of different methods of treatment
Authors: Szota Maciej , Modlińska Aleksandra , Rogacka Karolina , Kędziora–Kornatowska Kornelia 
Published: December 2022

Introduction and purpose: Fibromyalgia is a disease with many symptoms that are difficult to treat. The most troublesome element is muscle, bone or joint pain. Importantly, the diagnosis of this disease is based on the physical examination and the subjective examination, which shows that there are no laboratory tests to confirm its presence. Public awareness of fibromyalgia is negligible, while more research is needed on the treatment of this disease and the possible alternatives associated with it. The aim of this study was to analyze the available literature on the basis of the PubMed scientific database, considering only scientific articles that were published within the last 5 years. The following keywords were used: fibromyalgia and physiotherapy, fibromyalgia and cannabis, fibromyalgia and cytokines.
Description of the state of knowledge: Treatments related to cannabinoids and physiotherapy are still developing fields of knowledge. More than 40 papers related to the topic of the study were used for the review. The need for further research is apparent, especially randomized studies in which allocation to an experimental or control group is completely random. The question of investigating the long-term effectiveness of a given treatment is also not negligible, as many studies do not have a so-called follow-up.
Conclusion: Cannabinoids are effective in the treatment of complaints associated with fibromyalgia. Exercise, laser therapy and acupuncture reduce pain and improve quality of life in patients with fibromyalgia. More research on this disease is needed, especially with larger patient groups.