bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk factors for retained placenta in a first pregnancy—A clinical trial
Authors: Cohen Gal , Kovo Michal , Biron‐Shental Tal , Markovitch Ofer , Daykan Yair , Schreiber Hanoch 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate potential risk factors for retained placenta in a first pregnancy.MethodThis retrospective case–control study included all primigravida with a singleton, live, vaginal birth at 24 weeks or later, at a tertiary hospital, 2014–2020. The cohort was divided into those with retained placenta versus controls. Retained placenta was defined as the need for manual extraction of the placenta or portions of it, immediately postpartum. Maternal and delivery characteristics, and obstetric and neonatal adverse outcomes, were compared between groups. Multivariable regression was performed to reveal potential risk factors for retained placenta.ResultsAmong 10 796 women, 435 (4.0%) had retained placenta and 10 361 (96.0%) controls did not. Multivariable logistic regression revealed nine potential risk factors for retained placenta: abruption (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 3.58, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.36–5.43), hypertensive disorders (aOR 1.74, 95% CI 1.17–2.57), prematurity (<37 weeks, aOR 1.63, 95% CI 1.13–2.35), maternal age older than 30 years (aOR 1.55, 95% CI 1.27–1.90), intrapartum fever (aOR 1.48, 95% CI 1.03–2.11), lateral placentation (aOR 1.39, 95% CI 1.01–1.91), oxytocin administration (aOR 1.39, 95% CI 1.11–1.74), diabetes mellitus (aOR 1.35, 95% CI 1.01–1.79), and female fetus (aOR 1.26, 95% CI 1.03–1.53).ConclusionRetained placentas in first deliveries are associated with obstetric risk factors, some of which could be related to abnormal placentation.
The association between normal 50‐g glucose challenge test results and risk for future metabolic morbidities: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Vinograd Adi , Wainstock Tamar , Sergienko Ruslan , Simon‐Tuval Tzahit , Yoles Israel 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo study the association between normal glucose challenge test (GCT) results during pregnancy and the incidence of future maternal metabolic morbidities.MethodThis was a population‐based retrospective cohort study conducted between the years 2005 and 2020. The study included all women aged 17–55 years who underwent GCT as part of the routine prenatal care at the Central District of Clalit Health Services, Israel. The highest GCT result per woman was categorized into five study groups: <120 (reference), 120–129, 130–139, 140–149, and ≥150 mg/dL. Adjusted hazard ratios of the study groups for metabolic morbidities were calculated with Cox proportional survival analysis models.ResultsAmong a total of 77 568 women participants, 53%, 12.3%, and 10.3% had normal GCT results of <120, 120–129, and 130–139 mg/dL, respectively. During the study period of 6.07 ± 4.35 years, 13 151 (17.0%) cases of metabolic morbidities were documented. High‐normal GCT results of 120–129 and 130–139 mg/dL were significantly associated with increased risk for future metabolic morbidity compared with <120 mg/dL (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.15, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.08–1.22 and aHR 1.32, 95% CI 1.24–1.41, respectively).ConclusionAlthough GCT is only recommended as a screening tool for gestational diabetes mellitus, high results, even within the normal range, may point to maternal increased risk for future metabolic morbidity.
A comparison of synchronous and noncontingent stimulus delivery on task engagement
Authors: Hardesty Elizabeth M. , Lerman Dorothea C. , Hardee Jordan L. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSynchronous schedules of reinforcement are those in which the onset and offset of a reinforcer are synchronized with the onset and offset of a target behavior. The current study replicated and extended Diaz de Villegas et al. (2020) by comparing synchronous reinforcement to noncontingent stimulus delivery while evaluating on‐task behavior of school‐age children. A concurrent‐chains preference assessment was then used to determine the preferred schedule. Results indicated that the synchronous schedule was more effective than the continuous, noncontingent delivery of the stimulus at increasing on‐task behavior but that the children preferred noncontingent delivery. Additionally, the use of synchronous and noncontingent delivery did not alter the children's preference for the task.
Evaluation of interfacial adaptation and penetration of bioceramic‐based sealers in oval root canals: A confocal laser scanning microscope study
Authors: Chew Soo Teng , Eshak Zolkapli , Al‐Haddad Afaf 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTo assess the interfacial adaptation and penetration depth of three different bioceramic‐based sealers (CeraSeal, EndoSeal MTA, Nishika Canal Sealer BG) compared to an epoxy resin‐based sealer (AH Plus) in oval root canals. Fourty extracted single‐rooted mandibular premolar with oval canal were prepared and randomly allocated according to the obturation into; CeraSeal, EndoSeal MTA, Nishika Canal Sealer BG and AH Plus. The roots were sectioned at 3, 6 and 9 mm from the apex. The sealer adaptation and the penetration depth were evaluated under confocal laser scanning microscope. One‐way ANOVA and Repeated measure ANOVA were used to statistically analyze the data. Nishika Canal Sealer BG showed significantly higher sealer adaptation than EndoSeal MTA (P < .001) at apical and middle thirds. Meanwhile, AH Plus showed significantly higher sealer adaptation than EndoSeal MTA (P = 0.011) at middle third. For sealer penetration, Nishika Canal Sealer BG showed the longest sealer penetration that was significant compared to AH Plus (P < .001) and EndoSeal MTA (P < .001) whereas CeraSeal was significantly higher than EndoSeal MTA (P = 0.029) at coronal third. For AH Plus, there was a significant less sealer penetration at coronal third compared to apical and middle thirds (P < .05). Whereas for EndoSeal MTA, the coronal third has significant less penetration compared to the middle third (P = 0.032). Endoseal has the lowest adaptation and penetration depth. Nishika Canal Sealer BG has better adaptation and penetration depth using single cone obturation technique in oval canal.Research Highlights
All the tested root canal sealers have some percentage of gaps and vary in their penetration capability into dentinal tubules.
Nishika Canal Sealer BG has significantly better sealer adaptation to root dentinal walls than that of EndoSeal MTA at the apical and middle third but not significantly different from other type of sealers used.
Nishika Canal Sealer BG has significantly better penetration depth than AH Plus and EndoSeal MTA at the coronal third of radicular dentin.
Advances in therapies for neurological lysosomal storage disorders
Authors: Ellison S. , Parker H. , Bigger B. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractLysosomal Storage Disorders (LSDs) are a diverse group of inherited, monogenic diseases caused by functional defects in specific lysosomal proteins. The lysosome is a cellular organelle that plays a critical role in catabolism of waste products and recycling of macromolecules in the body. Disruption to the normal function of the lysosome can result in the toxic accumulation of storage products, often leading to irreparable cellular damage and organ dysfunction followed by premature death. The majority of LSDs have no curative treatment, with many clinical subtypes presenting in early infancy and childhood. Over two‐thirds of LSDs present with progressive neurodegeneration, often in combination with other debilitating peripheral symptoms. Consequently, there is a pressing unmet clinical need to develop new therapeutic interventions to treat these conditions. The blood–brain barrier is a crucial hurdle that needs to be overcome in order to effectively treat the central nervous system (CNS), adding considerable complexity to therapeutic design and delivery. Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) treatments aimed at either direct injection into the brain, or using blood–brain barrier constructs are discussed, alongside more conventional substrate reduction and other drug‐related therapies. Other promising strategies developed in recent years, include gene therapy technologies specifically tailored for more effectively targeting treatment to the CNS. Here, we discuss the most recent advances in CNS‐targeted treatments for neurological LSDs with a particular emphasis on gene therapy‐based modalities, such as Adeno‐Associated Virus and haematopoietic stem cell gene therapy approaches that encouragingly, at the time of writing are being evaluated in LSD clinical trials in increasing numbers. If safety, efficacy and improved quality of life can be demonstrated, these therapies have the potential to be the new standard of care treatments for LSD patients.
Maternal and fetal outcomes in acute hepatic porphyria: A Swedish National Cohort Study
Authors: Mantel Ängla , Vassiliou Daphne , Lissing Mattias , Stephansson Olof , Wahlin Staffan , Sardh Eliane 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCurrent knowledge of pregnancy and perinatal outcomes in women with acute hepatic porphyria (AHP) is largely based on biochemical disease models, case reports, and case series. We performed a nationwide, registered‐based cohort study to investigate the association between maternal AHP and the risk of adverse pregnancy and perinatal outcomes. All women in the Swedish Porphyria Register with confirmed AHP aged 18 years or older between 1987 and 2015 and matched general population comparators, with at least one registered delivery in the Swedish Medical Birth Register were included. Risk ratios (RRs) of pregnancy complications, delivery mode and perinatal outcomes were estimated and adjusted for maternal age at delivery, area of residency, birth year and parity. Women with acute intermittent porphyria (AIP), the most common form of AHP, were further categorized according to maximal lifetime urinary porphobilinogen (U‐PBG) levels. The study included 214 women with AHP and 2174 matched comparators. Women with AHP presented with a higher risk for pregnancy‐induced hypertensive disorder (aRR 1.73, 95% CI 1.12–2.68), gestational diabetes (aRR 3.41, 95% CI 1.69–6.89), and small‐for‐gestational‐age birth (aRR 2.08, 95% CI 1.26–3.45). In general, RRs were higher among women with AIP who had high lifetime U‐PBG levels. Our study shows an increased risk for pregnancy induced hypertensive disease, gestational diabetes, and small for gestational age births for AHP women, with higher relative risks for women with biochemically active AIP. No increased risk for perinatal death or malformations was observed.
Phenotypic prediction in glutaric aciduria type 1 combining in silico and in vitro modeling with real‐world data
Authors: Yuan Yuheng , Dimitrov Bianca , Boy Nikolas , Gleich Florian , Zielonka Matthias , Kölker Stefan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractGlutaric aciduria type 1 (GA1) is caused by inherited deficiency of glutaryl‐CoA dehydrogenase (GCDH). To further understand the unclear genotype–phenotype correlation, we transfected mutated GCDH into COS‐7 cells resembling known biallelic GCDH variants of 47 individuals with GA1. In total, we modeled 36 genotypes with 32 missense variants. Spectrophotometry demonstrated an inverse correlation between residual enzyme activity and the urinary concentration of glutaric acid and 3‐hydroxyglutaric acid, confirming previous studies (Pearson correlation, r = −0.34 and r = −0.49, p = 0.045 and p = 0.002, respectively). In silico modeling predicted high pathogenicity for all genotypes, which caused a low enzyme activity. Western blotting revealed a 2.6‐times higher GCDH protein amount in patients with an acute encephalopathic crisis (t‐test, p = 0.015), and high protein expression correlated with high in silico protein stability (Pearson correlation, r = −0.42, p = 0.011). The protein amount was not correlated with the enzyme activity (Pearson correlation, r = 0.09, p = 0.59). To further assess protein stability, proteolysis was performed, showing that the p.Arg88Cys variant stabilized a heterozygous less stable variant. We conclude that an integration of different data sources helps to predict the complex clinical phenotype in individuals with GA1.
Deep Learning Radiomics Model of Dynamic Contrast‐Enhanced MRI for Evaluating Vessels Encapsulating Tumor Clusters and Prognosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Dong Xue , Yang Jiawen , Zhang Binhao , Li Yujing , Wang Guanliang , Chen Jinyao , Wei Yuguo , Zhang Huangqi , Chen Qingqing , Jin Shengze , Wang Lingxia , He Haiqing , Gan Meifu , Ji Wenbin 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundVessels encapsulating tumor cluster (VETC) is a critical prognostic factor and therapeutic predictor of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, noninvasive evaluation of VETC remains challenging.PurposeTo develop and validate a deep learning radiomic (DLR) model of dynamic contrast‐enhanced MRI (DCE‐MRI) for the preoperative discrimination of VETC and prognosis of HCC.Study typeRetrospective.PopulationA total of 221 patients with histologically confirmed HCC and stratified this cohort into training set (n = 154) and time‐independent validation set (n = 67).Field Strength/SequenceA 1.5 T and 3.0 T; DCE imaging with T1‐weighted three‐dimensional fast spoiled gradient echo.AssessmentHistological specimens were used to evaluate VETC status. VETC+ cases had a visible pattern (≥5% tumor area), while cases without any pattern were VETC−. The regions of intratumor and peritumor were segmented manually in the arterial, portal‐venous and delayed phase (AP, PP, and DP, respectively) of DCE‐MRI and reproducibility of segmentation was evaluated. Deep neural network and machine learning (ML) classifiers (logistic regression, decision tree, random forest, SVM, KNN, and Bayes) were used to develop nine DLR, 54 ML and clinical–radiological (CR) models based on AP, PP, and DP of DCE‐MRI for evaluating VETC status and association with recurrence.Statistical TestsThe Fleiss kappa, intraclass correlation coefficient, receiver operating characteristic curve, area under the curve (AUC), Delong test and Kaplan–Meier survival analysis. P value <0.05 was considered as statistical significance.ResultsPathological VETC+ were confirmed in 68 patients (training set: 46, validation set: 22). In the validation set, DLR model based on peritumor PP (peri‐PP) phase had the best performance (AUC: 0.844) in comparison to CR (AUC: 0.591) and ML (AUC: 0.672) models. Significant differences in recurrence rates between peri‐PP DLR model‐predicted VETC+ and VETC− status were found.Data ConclusionsThe DLR model provides a noninvasive method to discriminate VETC status and prognosis of HCC patients preoperatively.Evidence Level4.Technical EfficacyStage 2.
Unblinding de Quervain: A systematic review of ultrasound‐guided injection of corticosteroids for treatment of stenosing tenosynovitis of the 1st extensor compartment
Authors: He Kathy Shiqi , He Kevin Shixiao , Cheah Andre , Al‐Halabi Becher , Danino Michel Alain , Efanov Johnny Ionut 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA systematic review was conducted on studies reporting steroid injections with ultrasound for de Quervain. From 10 studies included and 379 wrists, 73.9% reported complete resolution of symptoms, 18.2% with partial and 7.9% without resolution. When compared to the landmark‐guided technique, ultrasound guidance showed significantly higher rates of symptom resolution (P = 0.0132) and lower pain scores (P < 0.0001). Twenty‐nine patients out of 163 who initially showed complete resolution of symptoms reported subsequent recurrence. We conclude that steroid injections guided by ultrasound present high rates of symptomatic relief through precise needle insertion, especially in cases of anatomic variability with subcompartments.
Approaches to check unauthorized genetically modified events in supply chain: Challenges and solutions in the Indian context
Authors: Singh Monika , Papazova Nina , Aminedi Raghavendra , Fraiture Marie‐Alice , Roosens Nancy , Randhawa Gurinderjit 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe approval status of a genetically modified (GM) event varies from country to country. GM events approved in one country (considered as authorized GM or AGM) may not necessarily have the same approval status in other countries (considered as unauthorized GM or UGM). Detecting UGM in the supply chain is a challenge as the genetic information is not always available. In India, four Bt cotton events are approved, whereas several other GM events have been imported for research purposes. Many food derivatives (non‐GM) are being imported from the countries where GM events of food crops are approved so it is necessary to track the unauthorized entry of GM products. Selected consignments or food products need to be checked for GM status for regulatory compliance. In farmers' fields, the chances of unintentional introgression or adventitious presence of transgenes also need to be monitored in a systematic manner. An appropriate strategy needs to be developed to check for UGM in the food and agricultural supply chain. In this article, approaches for UGM detection have been discussed with a focus on application in the Indian context. Detection methods based on the GMO matrix, multiplex PCR, real‐time PCR (qPCR), and loop‐mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) could be employed keeping in view the regulatory requirement or practical application. For checking UGM with unknown genetic construct, methods such as next‐generation sequencing (NGS) may be employed. The advantages and disadvantages of the different approaches are discussed in the function of the analytical strategy and its application for control purposes.
Biotive protease inhibitor from leaves of Capsicum annuum L.: Potential use as an antifungal molecule against Colletotrichum scovillei
Authors: Pereira Lídia S. , Taveira Gabriel B. , Souza Thaynã A. M. , Carvalho André O. , Carvalho Virginia S. , Rodrigues Rosana , Fernandes Katia Valevski S. , Mello Erica O. , Gomes Valdirene M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundA diverse set of antimicrobial molecules have been found mainly in the seeds and fruits of Capsicum annuum UENF1381, accession resistant to different phytopathogenic microorganisms, like bacteria of the genus Xanthomonas and fungi of the genus Colletotrichum. However, there is little information about the defense mechanisms in other plant organs. The work aimed to study the induction of resistance in leaves and roots of C. annuum through the identification and characterization of antimicrobial peptides against Colletotrichum scovillei, one of the main pathogens of the crop.ResultsBased on the results of differential protein expression in response to infection, the extracts, LC48 (Control Leaf mock inoculated 48 h), and RC48 (Control Root mock inoculated 48 h) were selected. Analysis on the HPLC system resulted in 23 fractions (L1 to L23) obtained from the LC48 extract and 27 fractions from the RC48 extract (R1 to R27). Our results show that 10 μg mL−1 of the L1 fraction is able to inhibit 88.4% of fungal growth, causing cell membrane permeabilization, endogenous reactive oxygen species induction and mitochondrial activity reduction. The peptide in the L1 fraction, named CaLPI, showed similarities with different sequences of proteinase inhibitors.ConclusionThe study provides information on the diversity of antimicrobial proteins and peptides present in the leaves and roots of C. annuum UENF1381. With these results, we hope to contribute to the use of peptides as potential molecules in microbial control.
Kaempferol counteracts bupivacaine‐induced neurotoxicity in mouse dorsal root ganglia neurons by regulating TRAF6‐dependent NF‐κB signaling
Authors: Chen Lei , Zhuang Ke 
Published: April 2023

AbstractKaempferol (KA), a widely recognized anti‐oxidation and anti‐inflammation agent, has been reported to have neuroprotective effects. This work aimed to investigate whether KA protects mouse dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons against bupivacaine (BU)‐stimulated neurotoxicity and explore the underlying mechanisms. In this study, BU treatment suppressed DRG neuron viability and promoted LDH leakage, which was partially abated by KA. Besides, BU‐triggered DRG neuron apoptosis, and changes in Bax and Bcl‐2 levels were attenuated by KA treatment. In addition, pretreatment with KA substantially reduced interleukin (IL)‐6, IL‐1β, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α levels in BU‐treated DRG neurons. In addition, KA administration abrogated BU‐induced decline in CAT, SOD, and GSH‐Px levels, as well as the increase in the malondialdehyde level. Interestingly, we found that KA significantly attenuated BU‐induced TNF receptor‐associated factor 6 (TRAF6) upregulation as well as NF‐κB activation. Furthermore, oe‐TRAF6‐mediated TRAF6 overexpression promoted NF‐κB activation and partly abolished KA‐induced protection against BU‐triggered neurotoxic effects on DRG neurons. Our results revealed that KA mitigated BU‐induced neurotoxic effects on DRG neurons by deactivating the TRAF6/NF‐κB signaling.
Transcanal Transpromontorial Approaches to the Internal Auditory Canal: A Systematic Review
Authors: Palmisciano Paolo , Doyle Edward J. , Hoz Samer S. , Cass Daryn , Samy Ravi N. , Andaluz Norberto , Zuccarello Mario 
Published: April 2023

ObjectiveExclusive endoscopic (EETTA) and expanded (ExpTTA) transcanal transpromontorial approaches have shown promising results for treating internal auditory canal (IAC) lesions. We reviewed the literature to answer the question: “Do EETTA and ExpTTA achieve high rates of complete resection and low rates of complications in treating patients with IAC pathologies?”Data SourcesPubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane were searched.Review MethodsStudies reporting EETTA/ExpTTA for IAC pathologies were included. Indications and techniques were discussed and meta‐analyzed rates of outcomes and complications were obtained with random‐effect model meta‐analyses.ResultsWe included 16 studies comprising 173 patients, all with non‐serviceable hearing. Baseline FN function was mostly House‐Brackmann‐I (96.5%; 95% CI: 94.9–98.1%). Most lesions were vestibular/cochlear schwannomas (98.3%; 95% CI: 96.7–99.8%) of Koos‐I (45.9%; 95% CI: 41.3–50.3%) or II (47.1%; 95% CI: 43–51.1%). EETTA was performed in 101 patients (58.4%; 95% CI: 52.4–64.3%) and ExpTTA in 72 (41.6%; 95% CI: 35.6–47.6%), achieving gross‐total resection in all cases. Transient complications occurred in 30 patients (17.3%; 95% CI: 13.9–20.5%), with meta‐analyzed rates of 9% (95% CI: 4–15%), comprising FN palsy with spontaneous resolution (10.4%; 95% CI: 7.7–13.1%). Persistent complications occurred in 34 patients (19.6%; 95% CI: 17.1–22.2%), with meta‐analyzed rates of 12% (95% CI: 7–19%), comprising persistent FN palsy in 22 patients (12.7%; 95% CI: 10.2–15.2%). Mean follow‐up was 16 months (range, 1–69; 95% CI: 14.7–17.4). Post‐surgery FN function was stable in 131 patients (75.8%; 95% CI: 72.1–79.5%), worsened in 38 (21.9%; 95% CI: 18.8–25%), and improved in 4 (2.3%; 95% CI: 0.7–3.9%), with meta‐analyzed rates of improved/stable response of 84% (95% CI: 76–90%).ConclusionTranspromontorial approaches offer newer routes for IAC surgery, but their restricted indications and unfavorable FN outcomes currently limit their use. Laryngoscope, 133:2856–2867, 2023