bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Navigating Affective (In)securities: Forced Migration and Transnational Family Relationships
Authors: Hiitola Johanna , Karimi Zeinab , Leinonen Johanna 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis chapter examines the affective everyday (in)securities of families who are trying to be reunited with family members in Finland. The data concerns families of forced migrants who have gained residency in Finland on humanitarian grounds (compassionate grounds) or based on international protection (subsidiary protection, asylum). Scholarship on transnational families suggests that maintaining family ties across borders has emotional dimensions that are manifested through gendered care and normative expectations. In addition, family separation is intensely emotional. In this chapter, we use the concept of affect to investigate everyday insecurity. We understand affect broadly as bodies’ capabilities to affect or be affected by other bodies and connect this process to transnational flows of emotion. The data consist of interviews with 55 forced migrants from Iraq, Afghanistan, Somalia and Ethiopia who are currently living in Finland, but who have family members waiting for family reunification outside the EU. Our analysis is based primarily on interviews with the sponsoring family members, but we also include six interviewees who described the experience of waiting abroad. Our results show that everyday insecurities are related to affects in three ways: through judgement, affective disparity and transnational flows of affect.
Gendered Family Dynamics, Waiting and Mobilities Across Borders: Syrian Refugees Navigating Displacement in Jordan
Authors: Lokot Michelle 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis chapter focuses on the experiences of Syrian refugees living in Jordan and the relational ties they form and sustain across borders and within Jordan. The data was collected during 9 months of ethnographic research in Jordan. The findings from this research reveal the challenges Syrians face in waiting for reunification with their spouses and children in Europe, as well as the challenges of maintaining connections with family and friends still in Syria and in other countries. The findings draw attention to everyday practices during periods of waiting, including dealing with family dynamics and jealousy, and the coping strategies used to maintain relationships. They highlight the tensions, regrets, disclosures and silences affecting separated families. This chapter contributes to knowledge on waiting, family dynamics, gender and mobilities, deepening our understanding of social relationships and relational wellbeing during forced migration, to enable academics and policymakers to understand the complexity of refugees’ everyday experiences during displacement.
Teaching Effectiveness Revisited Through the Lens of Practice Theories
Authors: Vieluf Svenja , Klieme Eckhard 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn research on teaching, there is a tension between the intention to provide educational practice with clear and convertible recommendations and the wish to do justice to the whole complexity, contingency, uncertainty and ambiguity of social interactions. Multiple research paradigms address this tension in different ways. The chapter brings together two such contrasting paradigms:Teaching Effectiveness Research(TER), which uses quantitative methods for explaining and predicting criteria of “teaching success” with characteristics of teaching, andpractice theories, which aim at reconstructing classroom practice to gain an understanding of the social order in the classroom without a priori assumptions regarding their desirability.Presenting a specific instantiation of TER, the Theory of Basic Dimensions of Teaching Quality (TBD), the chapter elaborates on two major limitations of TER in general, and TBD in particular: a simplistic concept of relations between teaching and learning and a lack of understanding of the dynamics of classroom interaction. To better understand, and to some extent overcome these limitations, the chapter critically reflects on TER/TBD by contrasting it with a practice theoretical perspective. Using these two paradigms, the paper advances the idea that the dialogue between paradigms can be inspiring for empirical research and theory-building.
Establishing a Comprehensive Theory of Teaching and Learning: The Contribution of the Dynamic Model of Educational Effectiveness
Authors: Kyriakides Leonidas , Panayiotou Anastasia , Antoniou Panayiotis 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe chapter refers to the evolvement of Educational Effectiveness Research (EER) during the last 40 years that begun from the mere identification of correlations among factors and led to the development of integrated models of effectiveness. Then, the chapter refers to the development of the dynamic model of educational effectiveness which emerged from a critical review of integrated models of effectiveness and a synthesis of studies testing the validity of these models. The teacher factors of the dynamic model are presented and their relations with theories of learning are identified. We also refer to longitudinal studies conducted in different countries to test the validity of the dynamic model. The findings of these studies generated empirical support to the main assumptions of the model. Stages of effective teaching were also identified. In the final section, issues of equity are discussed taking into consideration that EER has evolved beyond the sole search of ‘what works’ in education to also providing answers to questions such as ‘for whom does it work’ and ‘under which conditions does it work’. Finally, we discuss the possibilities of developing a more comprehensive and dynamic theoretical framework of teaching and learning that can be used for improvement purposes.
Towards a Relational Approach for Analysing Labour Control Regimes and Union Agency in GPNs
Authors: López Tatiana 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis chapter introduces central tenets of relational thinking in economic geography and then develops a relational approach for analysing labour control regimes and union agency in GPNs. It conceptualises place-specific labour control regimes at specific nodes of a GPN as emerging from the articulation of six horizontal (i.e. territorially embedded) and vertical (i.e. network embedded) processual relations: the labour process and workplace, wage, labour market, employment and industrial relations at the horizontal dimension, which in turn intersect with sourcing relations at the vertical, ‘network’ dimension of the GPN. Moreover, it develops a relational heuristic framework for analysing union agency in GPNs through the lens of three interrelated spaces of labour agency that unions construct through practices of building relations: (1) spaces of organising comprising internal union relations as well as unions organising practices; (2) spaces of collaboration constructed by unions through building relationships of collaboration with other labour and non-labour actors at various levels; and (3) spaces of contestation constructed by unions around specific labour struggles through building antagonistic relationships with employers, lead firms and state actors as well as through practices of drawing other allied actors into spaces of contestation to activate moral power resources.
Situating the Bangalore Export-garment Cluster Within the Garment GPN
Authors: López Tatiana 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis chapter introduces the Bangalore export-garment cluster as the main case of this study and situates it with the broader structural context of the garment GPN. To this end, the chapter first outlines the historical and geographical development of the garment GPN as well as the power relations structuring it. In this context, the chapter identifies three subsequent trends that have characterised the garment GPN since the early 2000s: (1) the geographical consolidation of garment retailers’ sourcing networks with a particularly strong growth of the industry in China and India during the 2000s; (2) thereafter, the emergence of new low-wage sourcing destinations in South and South-East Asia, and in Africa; and, most recently, (3) a selective shift towards ‘near sourcing’ by fast fashion retailers for higher value-added, time critical fashion garments. Thereafter, the chapter lays out the historical and geographical development of the export-garment industry in India and in Bangalore and gives an overview of the industrial relations in the cluster.
A flow in the forest
Authors: Gorsky Alexander , Kazakov Vladimir , Levkovich-Maslyuk Fedor , Mishnyakov Victor 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Using the matrix-forest theorem and the Parisi-Sourlas trick we formulate and solve a one-matrix model with non-polynomial potential which provides perturbation theory for massive spinless fermions on dynamical planar graphs. This is a lattice version of 2d quantum gravity coupled to massive spinless fermions. Our model equivalently describes the ensemble of spanning forests on the same graphs. The solution is formulated in terms of an elliptic curve. We then focus on a near-critical scaling limit when both the graphs and the trees in the forests are macroscopically large. In this limit we obtain one-point scaling functions (condensates), parameterized in terms of the Lambert function. Our results provide a rare example where one can explore the flow between two gravity models — in this case, the theories of conformal matter coupled to 2d gravity with c = −2 (large trees regime) and c = 0 (small trees regime). We also compute the disc partition functions with Dirichlet and Neumann boundary conditions in the same critical limit.
Hormetic Effects of Cerium, Lanthanum and Their Combination at Sub-micromolar Concentrations in Sea Urchin Sperm
Authors: Pagano Giovanni , Brouziotis Antonios Apostolos , Lyons Daniel , Čarapar Ivana , Oral Rahime , Tez Serkan , Thomas Philippe J. , Tommasi Franca , Libralato Giovanni , Guida Marco , Trifuoggi Marco 
Published: March 2023

AbstractRare earth elements (REEs) cerium (Ce) and lanthanum (La) and their combination were tested across a concentration range, from toxic (10−4 to 10−5 M) to lower concentrations (10−6 to 10−8 M) for their effects on sea urchin (Sphaerechinus granularis) sperm. A significantly decreased fertilization rate (FR) was found for sperm exposed to 10−5 M Ce, La and their combination, opposed to a significant increase of FR following 10−7 and 10−8 M REE sperm exposure. The offspring of REE-exposed sperm showed significantly increased developmental defects following sperm exposure to 10−5 M REEs vs. untreated controls, while exposure to 10−7 and 10−8 M REEs resulted in significantly decreased rates of developmental defects. Both of observed effects–on sperm fertilization success and on offspring quality–were closely exerted by Ce or La or their combination.
Bio-inspired design, modeling, and 3D printing of lattice-based scale model scooter decks
Authors: Namvar Naser , Moloukzadeh Ilya , Zolfagharian Ali , Demoly Frédéric , Bodaghi Mahdi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis research aims at enhancing the performance of scale-model scooter decks by investigating various architected cellular metamaterial and bio-inspired core structure designs, such as honeycomb, tetrachiral, re-entrant, arrowhead, and star-shaped arrangements. An initial effort is made toward the design and rapid prototyping of small-scale deck with a uniform honeycomb core structure. More specifically, polylactic acid is utilized to fabricate complex structures via fused filament fabrication technique. Investigation is then focused on its mechanical performance, such as its bending properties obtained through a three-point bending test. Simulations are also conducted with different core configurations using a geometrically non-linear finite element method which is implemented. Experiments are carried out to verify the numerical results. After validation, various patterns are modeled, and eventually, it is observed that the functionally graded arrowhead structure has the best bending resistance, compared to other bio-inspired and mechanical metamaterial structures. At a constant force of 845 N, the functionally graded arrowhead design lowers the deflection in the middle of the scale model of scooter deck by up to 14.7%, compared to the uniform arrowhead structure. Furthermore, comparing the tetrachiral and functionally graded arrowhead configurations at a constant force, a 30% reduction in central deflection was observed. Due to the lack of similar results and designs in the specialized literature, this work could potentially advance the state-of-the-art scooter core designs and provide designers with architectures that could enhance the performance and safety of scooters.
High dive efficiency in shallow water
Authors: Stokes Kimberley L. , Esteban Nicole , Stokes Holly J. , Hays Graeme C. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDive studies across mammals, birds, reptiles and fish often focus on deep dives, and shallow water diving has tended to be overlooked. For air-breathers, foraging in shallow water poses challenges since the lungs generate buoyancy, and shallow divers must trade off the extent of inhalation against the negative buoyancy needed to avoid floating to the surface. Using high-resolution depth loggers, we addressed this knowledge gap around the ecology of shallow water diving at a foraging site for hawksbill turtles (Eretmochelys imbricata) where depth was typically < 3 m. Contrary to predictions, dive durations were long, particularly at night (mean dive duration per turtle: 17–61 min, n = 12 turtles, n = 2576 nocturnal dives), despite warm water temperatures (24–37 °C). Dive efficiency (% time submerged) for hawksbills was 98%, the highest recorded for any air-breathing marine vertebrate including penguins (60–78%), seals (51–91%), cetaceans (68–87%), and other sea turtle species (68–95%). Hawksbills usually dive for much longer (42–286% increase) than green and loggerhead turtles when depth and temperature are accounted for. Hawksbill turtles likely forage in very shallow water to reduce predation risk from sharks: of 423 hawksbills captured by hand, none had any evidence of shark attack, although large sharks were present in nearby deeper water. Our results challenge the prediction that shallow water dives by air-breathers will usually be short and open the way for comparative studies of the ecology of shallow water diving in a range of other taxa. Our work emphasises the likely importance of predation risk in shaping patterns of habitat utilisation.
Whole-body diffusion magnetic resonance imaging with simultaneous multi-slice excitation in children and adolescents
Authors: Krueger Paul-Christian , Krämer Martin , Benkert Thomas , Ertel Sophia , Teichgräber Ulf , Waginger Matthias , Mentzel Hans-Joachim , Glutig Katja 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (WB-MRI) is an increasingly used guideline-based imaging modality for oncological and non-oncological pathologies during childhood and adolescence. While diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), a part of WB-MRI, enhances image interpretation and improves sensitivity, it also requires the longest acquisition time during a typical WB-MRI scan protocol. Interleaved short tau inversion recovery (STIR) DWI with simultaneous multi-slice (SMS) acquisition is an effective way to speed up examinations.

Objective
In this study of children and adolescents, we compared the acquisition time, image quality, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of an interleaved STIR SMS-DWI sequence with a standard non-accelerated DWI sequence for WB-MRI.

Materials and methods
Twenty children and adolescents (mean age: 13.9 years) who received two WB-MRI scans at a maximum interval of 18 months, consisting of either standard DWI or SMS-DWI MRI, respectively, were included. For quantitative evaluation, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) was determined for b800 images and ADC maps of seven anatomical regions. Image quality evaluation was independently performed by two experienced paediatric radiologists using a 5-point Likert scale. The measurement time per slice stack, pause between measurements including shim and total measurement time of DWI for standard DWI and SMS-DWI were extracted directly from the scan data.

Results
When including the shim duration, the acquisition time for SMS-DWI was 43% faster than for standard DWI. Qualitatively, the scores of SMS-DWI were higher in six locations in the b800 images and four locations in the ADC maps. There was substantial agreement between both readers, with a Cohen’s kappa of 0.75. Quantitatively, the SNR in the b800 images and the ADC maps did not differ significantly from one another.

Conclusion
Whole body-MRI with SMS-DWI provided equivalent image quality and reduced the acquisition time almost by half compared to the standard WB-DWI protocol.
The diagnostic performance of functional dopaminergic scintigraphic imaging in the diagnosis of dementia with Lewy bodies: an updated systematic review
Authors: Jreige Mario , Kurian George K. , Perriraz Jérémy , Potheegadoo Jevita , Bernasconi Fosco , Stampacchia Sara , Blanke Olaf , Alessandra Griffa , Lejay Noemie , Chiabotti Paolo Salvioni , Rouaud Olivier , Nicod Lalonde Marie , Schaefer Niklaus , Treglia Giorgio , Allali Gilles , Prior John O. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Dopaminergic scintigraphic imaging is a cornerstone to support the diagnosis in dementia with Lewy bodies. To clarify the current state of knowledge on this imaging modality and its impact on clinical diagnosis, we performed an updated systematic review of the literature.

Methods
This systematic review was carried out according to PRISMA guidelines. A comprehensive computer literature search of PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases for studies published through June 2022 was performed using the following search algorithm: (a) "Lewy body" [TI] OR "Lewy bodies" [TI] and (b) ("DaTscan" OR "ioflupane" OR "123ip" OR "123?ip" OR "123 ip" OR "123i-FP-CIT" OR "FPCIT" OR "FP-CIT" OR "beta?CIT" OR "beta CIT" OR "CIT?SPECT" OR "CIT SPECT" OR "Dat?scan*" OR "dat scan*" OR "dat?spect*" OR "SPECT"). Risk of bias and applicability concerns of the studies were evaluated using the QUADAS-2 tool.

Results
We performed a qualitative analysis of 59 studies. Of the 59 studies, 19 (32%) addressed the diagnostic performance of dopamine transporter imaging, 15 (25%) assessed the identification of dementia with Lewy bodies in the spectrum of Lewy body disease and 18 (31%) investigated the role of functional dopaminergic imaging in distinguishing dementia with Lewy bodies from other dementias. Dopamine transporter loss was correlated with clinical outcomes in 19 studies (32%) and with other functional imaging modalities in 15 studies (25%). Heterogeneous technical aspects were found among the studies through the use of various radioligands, the more prevalent being the [123I]N‑ω‑fluoropropyl‑2β‑carbomethoxy‑3β‑(4‑iodophenyl) nortropane (123I-FP-CIT) in 54 studies (91.5%). Image analysis used visual analysis (9 studies, 15%), semi-quantitative analysis (29 studies, 49%), or a combination of both (16 studies, 27%).

Conclusion
Our systematic review confirms the major role of dopaminergic scintigraphic imaging in the assessment of dementia with Lewy bodies. Early diagnosis could be facilitated by identifying the prodromes of dementia with Lewy bodies using dopaminergic scintigraphic imaging coupled with emphasis on clinical neuropsychiatric symptoms. Most published studies use a semi-quantitative analytical assessment of tracer uptake, while there are no studies using quantitative analytical methods to measure dopamine transporter loss. The superiority of a purely quantitative approach to assess dopaminergic transmission more accurately needs to be further clarified.
Niche differentiation in the light spectrum promotes coexistence of phytoplankton species: a spatial modelling approach
Authors: Heggerud Christopher M. , Lam King-Yeung , Wang Hao 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe paradox of the plankton highlights the apparent contradiction between Gause’s law of competitive exclusion and the observed diversity of phytoplankton. It is well known that phytoplankton dynamics depend heavily on light availability. Here we treat light as a continuum of resources rather than a single resource by considering the visible light spectrum. We propose a spatially explicit reaction–diffusion–advection model to explore under what circumstance coexistence is possible from mathematical and biological perspectives. Furthermore, we provide biological context as to when coexistence is expected based on the degree of niche differentiation within the light spectrum and overall turbidity of the water.
Evaluation of serum and tissue levels of cold-inducible RNA-binding protein in non-segmental Vitiligo
Authors: Moftah Nayera Hassan , Alnos Huda , Rashed Laila , Hamdino Mervat 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDamage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) play a role in the pathogenesis of vitiligo. It has been established that the cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (CIRP), a member of the family of cold-shock proteins that respond to stress, is a DAMP molecule that promotes inflammation. The objective was to evaluate the serum and tissue CIRP expression in non-segmental vitiligo (NSV) patients. A sample of 40 participants, 20 NSV patients and 20 control groups of age- and sex-matched healthy individuals were included in this case–control study where the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used in detecting the serum and tissue CIRP levels in participants. The serum and tissue CIRP levels significantly increased in NSV patients compared with the healthy controls, (165.35 ± 24.42, 226.29 ± 24.00 versus 59.81 ± 12.10, 105.86 ± 11.27 pg/ml, respectively) (P < 0.01). Serum and tissue CIRP are significantly correlated with each other (r = 0.641, P = 0.002). Except for a statistically significant positive correlation between CIRP tissue level and VASI (r = 0.539, P = 0.014), the CIRP Serum and tissue did not show any statistically significant correlations with different clinical parameters in patients. ROC curve shows that the cut-off point for serum and tissue CIRP level to differentiate between patients and controls was 86.5, 124.3 pg/ml, respectively, with 100.0% sensitivity, 100.0% specificity and 1.000 AUC for each of them. It is concluded that CIRP may have a crucial role in the pathogenesis of NSV and could be used as a marker for vitiligo and its extent with the need for further large-scale study.