bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The process of overcoming conflicts among teachers in the implementation of comprehensive sexuality education at ordinary public senior high schools in Mataram City, Indonesia: a qualitative study
Authors: Shibuya Fumiko , Sari Dian Puspita , Warnaini Cut , Rivarti Arina Windri , Takeuchi Rie , Jones-Konneh Tracey Elizabeth Claire , de los Reyes Calvin , Kadriyan Hamsu , Kobayashi Jun 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Comprehensive sexuality education (CSE), which aims to help young people make responsible choices and acquire scientific knowledge and skills, has been promoted by UNESCO. Teachers experience conflicts in implementing CSE when teaching sexual topics in the local context, especially as the delivery of sexual knowledge and contraceptive methods is often prohibited by religious and traditional cultural norms. It was reported that there were multiple challenges in the implementation of sex education due to the religious and cultural background of societies and communities in Islamic countries. This study aimed to clarify the process of overcoming the conflicts, explore teachers’ recognition and perception related to the implementation of CSE, and to suggest recommendations for promoting CSE in Islamic areas.

Methods
This qualitative study combined the methods of focus group discussions (FGDs) and in-depth interviews (IDIs) to explore the conflict among teachers. Ten ordinary public senior high schools in Mataram City, Indonesia, agreed to participate, and in total, 59 participants were involved in this study. FGDs were conducted with teachers (n = 49), and IDIs were focused on school principals (n = 10) in each school. The collected interview data were analyzed using a deductive thematic analysis and the findings triangulated for both the FGDs and IDIs.

Results
Overall, the teachers experienced conflicts in relation to religion, cultural background, and gender inequality in implementing CSE. The present study revealed the mutual recognition among teachers and acceptance of diverse backgrounds in the implementation of CSE at ordinary public senior high schools in Mataram City. Despite teachers reporting multiple conflicts, they made efforts to overcome these conflicts through mutual recognition and provided comprehensive guidance. The present findings indicated that teachers adapted CSE to follow multiple religions and cultural backgrounds.

Conclusions
The teachers accepted diverse backgrounds and provided CSE by collaborating with related educational subjects and external institutions to overcome conflicts. To provide more specialized education, it would be necessary to advocate a formal policy that might be accepted by diverse societies. Further research is necessary to apply the findings and recommendations for CSE implementation globally in the contexts of different countries.
Intravital imaging of immune responses in intestinal inflammation
Authors: Honda Masaki , Kadohisa Masashi , Yoshii Daiki , Komohara Yoshihiro , Hibi Taizo 
Published: February 2023

AbstractTo date, many kinds of immune cells have been identified, but their precise roles in intestinal immunity remain unclear. Understanding the in vivo behavior of these immune cells and their function in gastrointestinal inflammation, including colitis, inflammatory bowel disease, ischemia–reperfusion injury, and neutrophil extracellular traps, is critical for gastrointestinal research to proceed to the next step. Additionally, understanding the immune responses involved in gastrointestinal tumors and tissue repair is becoming increasingly important for the elucidation of disease mechanisms that have been unknown. In recent years, the application of intravital microscopy in gastrointestinal research has provided novel insights into the mechanisms of intestine-specific events including innate and adaptive immunities. In this review, we focus on the emerging role of intravital imaging in gastrointestinal research and describe how to observe the intestines and immune cells using intravital microscopy. Additionally, we outline novel findings obtained by this new technique.
Diversity and species richness of butterfly in soraipung range of Dehing Patkai National Park, Assam, India
Authors: Gogoi Renu , Chetry Abhijit , Bhuyan Anubhav 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
The present study deals with the butterfly diversity in Soraipung Range of Dehing Patkai National Park. The site was chosen on the basis that it lies in between Eastern Himalaya and Indo-Burma which is acclaimed as global biodiversity hotspot.

Results
A total of 92 butterfly species belonging to 5 families were recorded during the study of which 13 species were listed as protected under various schedules of the Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 and 11 species were restricted to the Eastern Himalaya, India. Members of the Nymphalidae family were found to be dominant with (41) number of species followed by Papilionidae (17), Lycaenidae (16), Hesperiidae (10) and the least Pieridae (8). The maximum diversity is obtained in Nymphalidae family: where Shannon–Wiener Diversity Index (H′) is 3.604584 and Evenness (E) is 0.970651 while the minimum diversity is in Pieridae family where Shannon–Wiener Diversity Index (H′) is 1.936217 and Evenness (E) is 0.970651.

Conclusions
The study reveals that Soraipung range is rich in butterfly diversity but on the contrary their study is poorly documented. During the survey 13 threatened species and 11 species restricted to the Eastern Himalaya have been also documented in the National Park, thus making it an important butterfly habitat in the state. Therefore, its necessary to conduct more study as well as research on the butterflies in Dehing Patkai National Park for effective conservation and management programs.
Trends in the incidence of hospital-treated suicide attempts during the COVID-19 pandemic in Oviedo, Spain
Authors: Fernandez-Fernandez J. , Jiménez-Treviño L. , Seijo-Zazo E. , Sánchez Lasheras F. , García-Portilla M. P. , Sáiz P. A. , Bobes J. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background
The potential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on suicidal behavior has generated predictions anticipating an increase in suicidal tendencies. The aim of this research is to study its influence on the incidence of hospital-treated suicide attempts throughout the year 2020 in Oviedo, Spain.

Methods
Data were collected on all patients admitted to the emergency department of Central University Hospital of Asturias in Oviedo for attempted suicide during 2020. Incidence rates were calculated for three lockdown periods. Suicide attempt trends in 2020 were compared with a non-COVID-19 year (2009) to avoid seasonal variations bias. Chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests were performed. The influence of COVID-19 incidence in Oviedo was analyzed using Spearman’s correlation coefficient.

Results
The cumulative incidence rate of attempted suicide per 100,000 person-years was 136.33 (pre-lockdown), 115.15 (lockdown), and 90.25 (post-lockdown) in adults (over 19 years old), and 43.63 (pre-lockdown), 32.72 (lockdown), and 72.72 (post-lockdown) in adolescents (10–19 years old). No association was found with COVID-19 incidence rates (Spearman’s rho −0.222; p = 0.113). Comparing the years 2020 and 2009, statistically significant differences were observed in adolescents (Fisher’s exact test; p = 0.024), but no differences were observed in adults (chi-square test = 3.0401; p = 0.218).

Conclusions
Hospital-treated suicide rates attempted during the COVID-19 outbreak in Oviedo, Spain showed a similar trend compared with a non-COVID-19 year. In contrast, the number of adolescents hospital-treated for attempted suicide increased during lockdown, suggesting more vulnerability to COVID-19 restrictions after the initial lockdown period in this age group.
Efficacy and Safety of Fezolinetant in Moderate to Severe Vasomotor Symptoms Associated With Menopause: A Phase 3 RCT
Authors: Johnson Kimball A , Martin Nancy , Nappi Rossella E , Neal-Perry Genevieve , Shapiro Marla , Stute Petra , Thurston Rebecca C , Wolfman Wendy , English Marci , Franklin Catherine , Lee Misun , Santoro Nanette 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Context
Vasomotor symptoms (VMS) are common, bothersome, and can persist for years before and after menopause.

Objective
We aimed to assess efficacy/safety of fezolinetant for treatment of moderate to severe VMS associated with menopause.

Methods
In this double-blind, placebo-controlled, 12-week phase 3 trial with a 40-week active treatment extension (NCT04003142; SKYLIGHT 2), women aged 40 to 65 years with minimum average 7 moderate to severe VMS/day were randomized to 12 weeks of once-daily placebo, fezolinetant 30 mg, or fezolinetant 45 mg. Completers were rerandomized to fezolinetant 30/45 mg for 40 additional weeks. Coprimary efficacy endpoints were mean daily change from baseline to week 4 (W4) and W12 in VMS frequency and severity. Safety was also assessed.

Results
Both fezolinetant doses statistically significantly reduced VMS frequency/severity at W4 and W12 vs placebo. For VMS frequency, W4 least squares mean (SE) reduction vs placebo: fezolinetant 30 mg, –1.82 (0.46; P &lt; .001); 45 mg, –2.55 (0.46; P &lt; .001); W12: 30 mg, –1.86 (0.55; P &lt; .001); 45 mg, −2.53 (0.55; P &lt; .001). For VMS severity, W4: 30 mg, −0.15 (0.06; P &lt; .05); 45 mg, −0.29 (0.06; P &lt; .001); W12: 30 mg, −0.16 (0.08; P &lt; .05); 45 mg, −0.29 (0.08; P &lt; .001). Improvement in VMS frequency and severity was observed by W1 and maintained through W52. Serious treatment-emergent adverse events were infrequent, reported by 2%, 1%, and 0% of those receiving fezolinetant 30 mg, fezolinetant 45 mg, and placebo, respectively.

Conclusion
Daily fezolinetant 30 and 45 mg were efficacious and well tolerated for treating moderate to severe VMS associated with menopause.
A Case of Exaggerated Pituitary Hyperplasia in a Pregnant Woman
Authors: Charitou Marina M , Mathew Ribu 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Pituitary hyperplasia occurs as a result of an increase in pituitary cell subtypes. It can be a consequence of either a physiological or pathological condition. In our case, a 31-year-old pregnant woman at 16 weeks gestation presented with headaches and vision changes. Visual field testing demonstrated bitemporal hemianopsia, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain showed enlargement of the pituitary with compression of the optic chiasm. She was treated with cabergoline and steroids, and her symptoms improved. In a subsequent pregnancy, the patient developed similar symptoms, and with cabergoline treatment, her symptoms resolved. A postpartum MRI of her brain revealed a decrease in pituitary size back to baseline with normal pituitary hormone levels. This patient's likely diagnosis was physiologic pituitary hyperplasia. Pituitary hyperplasia can be difficult to diagnose since there are no explicit guidelines. Through deduction of imaging findings and hormonal levels, diagnosis of pituitary hyperplasia becomes a more manageable task.
Percutaneous Full Endoscopic Management of Spinal Foraminal Schwannomas: Case Series
Authors: Hu Xin-Ben , Gu Chi , Chen Ai-Qin , Ying Guang-Yu , Shen Fang , Zhu Yong-Jian 
Published: February 2023

BACKGROUND:
Schwannoma, a benign peripheral nerve sheath tumor, is perhaps only secondary to degenerative pathology as the most common lesion at neural foramen. The surgical dilemma here is either risking nerve injury because of inadequate exposure or the need for internal fixation because of facet joint sacrifice.

OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate the feasibility and safety of management of foraminal schwannomas by percutaneous full-endoscopic technique.

METHODS:
A single-center retrospective review was conducted on patients who underwent full-endoscopic resection of neural foraminal schwannomas. Tumors were grouped into either medial type or lateral type based on relevant location to the neural foramen, and respective surgical approaches were adopted. Data including preoperative neurological status, tumor size, surgery time, the extension of resection, and clinical outcomes were collected. The learning curve was plotted as surgical time/tumor size against case number.

RESULTS:
A total of 25 patients were treated between May 2015 and March 2022. Gross total resection was achieved in 24 patients, and near-total resection in 1 case, with 1 patient experienced transient voiding difficulty. No tumor recurrence or spinal instability was detected in the short-term follow-up (median follow-up 22 months, range 3 months-6 years). Surgical efficiency improved with the number of cases operated on and remained stable after the initial 10 cases.

CONCLUSION:
Percutaneous full-endoscopic technique is a safe and minimally invasive technique for the resection of foraminal schwannomas.
CNKSR2, a downstream mediator of retinoic acid signaling, modulates the Ras/Raf/MEK pathway to regulate patterning and invagination of the chick forebrain roof plate
Authors: Udaykumar Niveda , Zaidi Mohd Ali Abbas , Rai Aishwarya , Sen Jonaki 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT
During embryonic development, the forebrain roof plate undergoes invagination, leading to separation of the cerebral hemispheres. Any defects in this process, in humans, lead to middle interhemispheric holoprosencephaly (MIH-HPE). In this study, we have identified a previously unreported downstream mediator of retinoic acid (RA) signaling, CNKSR2, which is expressed in the forebrain roof plate in the chick embryo. Knockdown of CNKSR2 affects invagination, cell proliferation and patterning of the roof plate, similar to the phenotypes observed upon inhibition of RA signaling. We further demonstrate that CNKSR2 functions by modulating the Ras/Raf/MEK signaling. This appears to be crucial for patterning of the forebrain roof plate and its subsequent invagination, leading to the formation of the cerebral hemispheres. Thus, a set of novel molecular players have been identified that regulate the morphogenesis of the avian forebrain.
Toblerone: detecting exon deletion events in cancer using RNA-seq
Authors: Lonsdale Andrew , Halman Andreas , Brown Lauren , Kosasih Hansen , Ekert Paul , Oshlack Alicia 
Published: February 2023

Cancer is driven by mutations of the genome that can result in the activation of oncogenes or repression of tumour suppressor genes. In acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) focal deletions in IKAROS family zinc finger 1 (IKZF1) result in the loss of zinc-finger DNA-binding domains and a dominant negative isoform that is associated with higher rates of relapse and poorer patient outcomes. Clinically, the presence of IKZF1 deletions informs prognosis and treatment options. In this work we developed a method for detecting exon deletions in genes using RNA-seq with application to IKZF1. We developed a pipeline that first uses a custom transcriptome reference consisting of transcripts with exon deletions. Next, RNA-seq reads are mapped using a pseudoalignment algorithm to identify reads that uniquely support deletions. These are then evaluated for evidence of the deletion with respect to gene expression and other samples. We applied the algorithm, named Toblerone, to a cohort of 99 B-ALL paediatric samples including validated IKZF1 deletions. Furthermore, we developed a graphical desktop app for non-bioinformatics users that can quickly and easily identify and report deletions in IKZF1 from RNA-seq data with informative graphical outputs.
Negative pressure sealing drainage with antibiotic bone cement for the treatment of skin and soft tissue defects in the older population with bone exposure
Authors: Li Xin , Ding Wei , Wang Jun 
Published: February 2023

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of vacuum sealing drainage (VSD) combined with antibiotic bone cement in the treatment of skin and soft tissue defects of the extremities with bone exposure in the older population. Method: From January 2016 to December 2018, VSD combined with antibiotic bone cement was used to treat 12 older patients with skin and soft tissue defects of the extremities and bone exposure. The study cohort consisted of eight male patients and four female patients aged between 60–95 years, with a median of 75 years. The injury sites included four cases of hand, one case of calf, one case of ankle and six cases of back of foot. The area of skin and soft tissue defects ranged from 2.7×4.1cm to 4.8×4.9cm. There were four infected wounds and eight contaminated wounds. The time from injury to operation was 1.5–6 hours, with a median of 5 hours. In the first stage of the treatment, the wound was covered with a VSD dressing; in the second stage the VSD dressing was replaced with antibiotic bone cement after infection control; and in the third stage, the bone cement was removed and the wound was transplanted with medium-thickness skin grafts according to the wound condition. The skin graft survival and wound healing were assessed. Results: After the first-stage debridement, three of the 12 patients had wound infections, including two cases of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection and one case of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. After the bone cement was removed in the third stage, five of the 12 patients underwent free medium-thickness skin grafting on the wound surface (the area of the autologous skin ranged from 2.9×4.3cm to 4.9×5.0cm), and seven patients continued to change dressing routinely. All patients were followed up for 4–15 months, with a median of 10 months. All skin grafts survived and the wounds healed. The healing time was 48–115 days, with a median of 72 days. At the last follow-up, the skin of the affected limb was slightly darker than the surrounding skin, and the appearance was smooth, without obvious scar tissue formation. Conclusion: VSD combined with antibiotic bone cement in the treatment of skin and soft tissue defects of the extremities with bone exposure in the older population has a high survival rate of skin grafts and good wound healing. It is worthy of clinical application.
Impact of galvanic vestibular stimulation electrode current density on brain current flow patterns: Does electrode size matter?
Authors: Truong Dennis Q. , Guillen Alexander , Nooristani Mujda , Maheu Maxime , Champoux Francois , Datta Abhishek 
Published: February 2023

Background
Galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) uses at least one electrode placed on the mastoid process with one or multiple placed over other head areas to stimulate the vestibular system. The exact electrode size used is not given much importance in the literature and has not been reported in several studies. In a previous study, we compared the clinical effects of using different electrode sizes (3 cm2 and 35 cm2) with placebo but with the same injected current, on postural control. We observed significant improvement using the smaller size electrode but not with the bigger size electrode. The goal of this study was to simulate the current flow patterns with the intent to shed light and potentially explain the experimental outcome.

Methods
We used an ultra-high-resolution structural dataset and developed a model to simulate the application of different electrode sizes. We considered current flow in the brain and in the vestibular labyrinth.

Results
Our simulation results verified the focality increase using smaller electrodes that we postulated as the main reason for our clinical effect. The use of smaller size electrodes in combination with the montage employed also result in higher induced electric field (E-field) in the brain.

Conclusions
Electrode size and related current density is a critical parameter to characterize any GVS administration as the choice impacts the induced E-field. It is evident that the higher induced E-field likely contributed to the clinical outcome reported in our prior study.
Our pride, our joy: An intersectional constructivist grounded theory analysis of resources that promote resilience in SGM communities
Authors: Edwards O. Winslow , Lev Eliot , Obedin-Maliver Juno , Lunn Mitchell R. , Lubensky Micah E. , Capriotti Matthew R. , Garrett-Walker J. J. , Flentje Annesa 
Published: February 2023

Introduction
Sexual and gender minority (SGM) communities, including lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, intersex, asexual, and Two-Spirit people, have historically been researched from a deficits-based approach that fails to highlight the ways communities survive and thrive in the face of adversity. This study endeavored to create a model of resources that promote SGM resilience using a sample that amplified traditionally underrepresented perspectives, including individuals from racial and/or ethnic minority groups, trans and/or gender diverse individuals, individuals on the asexual spectrum, and older adults.

Methods
Participant responses to three open-ended questions from The PRIDE Study’s (an online national longitudinal cohort study of SGM people) 2018 Annual Questionnaire were analyzed using constructivist grounded theory. These questions examined what brings people joy and what they appreciate most about their SGM identity. Participants (n = 315) were randomly selected from a larger sample of people who had responded to demographic questions and at least one open-ended question (N = 4,030) in a manner to ensure diverse representation across race/ethnicity, gender identity, sexual orientation, age, and region of residence.

Results
The proposed model includes social resources (Connecting with Others, Cultivating Family, Helping Others, Participating in Culture and Spirituality), affective generative resources (Engaging in Enriching Pursuits, Accessing Economic Resources), and introspective resources (Exploring One’s Authentic Self, Persevering through Hardship) that are theorized to contribute to SGM resilience across the life course.

Conclusions
SGM communities may tap into various resources to promote resilience. As public health practitioners, we can help to foster this resilience by resourcing and supporting initiatives that foster social connection, create spaces for community members to engage with various types of enrichment, facilitate access to economic resources, and provide support and inclusion for all SGM community members.