bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vulvovaginal yeast infections during pregnancy and perinatal outcomes: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Gigi Ranjana M. S. , Buitrago-Garcia Diana , Taghavi Katayoun , Dunaiski Cara-Mia , van de Wijgert Janneke H. H. M. , Peters Remco P. H. , Low Nicola 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Vulvovaginal yeast infections in pregnancy are common and can cause extensive inflammation, which could contribute to adverse pregnancy outcomes. Symptomatic yeast infections are likely to cause more inflammation than asymptomatic. The objective of this study was to investigate associations between symptomatic and asymptomatic vulvovaginal yeast infections in pregnancy and perinatal outcomes.

Methods
We did a systematic review and searched eight databases until 01 July 2022. We included studies reporting on pregnant women with and without laboratory confirmed vulvovaginal yeast infection and preterm birth or eight other perinatal outcomes. We used random effects meta-analysis to calculate summary odds ratios (OR), 95% confidence intervals (CI) and prediction intervals for the association between yeast infection and outcomes. We described findings from studies with multivariable analyses. We assessed the risk of bias using published tools.

Results
We screened 3909 references and included 57 studies. Only 22/57 studies reported information about participant vulvovaginal symptoms. Preterm birth was an outcome in 35/57 studies (49,161 women). In 32/35 studies with available data, the summary OR from univariable analyses was 1.01 (95% CI 0.84–1.21, I2 60%, prediction interval 0.45–2.23). In analyses stratified by symptom status, we found ORs of 1.44 (95% CI 0.92–2.26) in two studies with ≥ 50% symptomatic participants, 0.84 (95% CI 0.45–1.58) in seven studies with < 50% symptomatic participants, and 1.12 (95% CI 0.94–1.35) in four studies with asymptomatic participants. In three studies with multivariable analysis, adjusted ORs were greater than one but CIs were compatible with there being no association. We did not find associations between vulvovaginal yeast infection and any secondary outcome. Most studies were at high risk of bias in at least one domain and only three studies controlled for confounding.

Conclusions
We did not find strong statistical evidence of an increased risk for preterm birth or eight other adverse perinatal outcomes, in pregnant women with either symptomatic or asymptomatic vulvovaginal yeast infection. The available evidence is insufficient to make recommendations about testing and treatment of vulvovaginal yeast infection in pregnancy. Future studies should assess vulvovaginal symptoms, yeast organism loads, concomitant vaginal or cervical infections, and microbiota using state-of-the-art diagnostics.

Systematic review registration
PROSPERO CRD42020197564
A snapshot of patient experience of illness control after a hospital readmission in adults with chronic heart failure
Authors: Turrise Stephanie , Hadley Nina , Phillips-Kuhn Denise , Lutz Barbara , Heo Seongkum 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Approximately 6.5 million adults have chronic heart failure (HF), the number one cause of 30-day hospital readmission. Managing HF and its symptoms is critical for patients. Hospitalization may impact patients’ perceptions of illness control, which can affect illness management. However, how hospital readmissions are perceived as related to one’s ability to control their HF and its symptoms has not been examined.

Objective
The purpose was to explore the experiences of people with HF in managing their illness (i.e., illness control), understand their perceptions of illness control after recent hospital readmission, and clarify the concept of illness control in people with chronic HF.

Methods
A qualitative approach, applied thematic analysis was employed. Purposive sampling was used to identify participants. Semi-structured interviews were conducted in 10 participants’ homes. Ongoing, concurrent, and comparative data analysis was used with ATLASti© data management software.

Results
Two themes were identified, strategies to control HF and barriers to controlling HF. Strategies to control HF included four subthemes: managing dietary intake and medications; self- advocacy; monitoring symptoms; and support. Barriers to control also had four subthemes: healthcare systems issues; health care professional relationships and interactions; personal characteristics; and knowledge deficits.

Conclusion
People use many different strategies to control HF. Control comes from both within and outside of the individual. The desire to control HF and its symptoms was evident, but implementing strategies is challenging and takes time, experience, and trial and error. Individuals did not view readmission negatively but as necessary to help them control their symptoms.
Mesoporous nanodrug delivery system: a powerful tool for a new paradigm of remodeling of the tumor microenvironment
Authors: Hang Yinhui , Liu Yanfang , Teng Zhaogang , Cao Xiongfeng , Zhu Haitao 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTumor microenvironment (TME) plays an important role in tumor progression, metastasis and therapy resistance. Remodeling the TME has recently been deemed an attractive tumor therapeutic strategy. Due to its complexity and heterogeneity, remodeling the TME still faces great challenges. With the great advantage of drug loading ability, tumor accumulation, multifactor controllability, and persistent guest molecule release ability, mesoporous nanodrug delivery systems (MNDDSs) have been widely used as effective antitumor drug delivery tools as well as remolding TME. This review summarizes the components and characteristics of the TME, as well as the crosstalk between the TME and cancer cells and focuses on the important role of drug delivery strategies based on MNDDSs in targeted remodeling TME metabolic and synergistic anticancer therapy.
Graphical Abstract
Constructing a seventeen-gene signature model for non-obstructive azoospermia based on integrated transcriptome analyses and WGCNA
Authors: Chen Yinwei , Yuan Penghui , Gu Longjie , Bai Jian , Ouyang Song , Sun Taotao , Liu Kang , Wang Zhao , Liu Chang 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) affects approximately 1% of the male population worldwide. The underlying mechanism and gene transcription remain unclear. This study aims to explore the potential pathogenesis for the detection and management of NOA.

Methods
Based on four microarray datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, integrated analysis and weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) were used to obtain the intersected common differentially expressed genes (DESs). Differential signaling pathways were identified via GO and GSVA-KEGG analyses. We constructed a seventeen-gene signature model using least absolute shrinkage and selection operation (LASSO) regression, and validated its efficacy in another two GEO datasets. Three patients with NOA and three patients with obstructive azoospermia were recruited. The mRNA levels of seven key genes were measured in testicular samples, and the gene expression profile was evaluated in the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) database.

Results
In total, 388 upregulated and 795 downregulated common DEGs were identified between the NOA and control groups. ATPase activity, tubulin binding, microtubule binding, and metabolism- and immune-associated signaling pathways were significantly enriched. A seventeen-gene signature predictive model was constructed, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed that the area under the curve (AUC) values were 1.000 (training group), 0.901 (testing group), and 0.940 (validation set). The AUCs of seven key genes (REC8, CPS1, DHX57, RRS1, GSTA4, SI, and COX7B) were all > 0.8 in both the testing group and the validation set. The qRT-PCR results showed that consistent with the sequencing data, the mRNA levels of RRS1, GSTA4, and COX7B were upregulated, while CPS1, DHX57, and SI were downregulated in NOA. Four genes (CPS1, DHX57, RRS1, and SI) showed significant differences. Expression data from the HPA database showed the localization characteristics and trajectories of seven key genes in spermatogenic cells, Sertoli cells, and Leydig cells.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest a novel seventeen-gene signature model with a favorable predictive power, and identify seven key genes with potential as NOA-associated marker genes. Our study provides a new perspective for exploring the underlying pathological mechanism in male infertility.
The short isoform of MS4A7 is a novel player in glioblastoma microenvironment, M2 macrophage polarization, and tumor progression
Authors: Ni Bowen , Huang Guanglong , Yang Runwei , Wang Ziyu , Song Haimin , Li Kaishu , Zhang Yunxiao , Wu Kezhi , Shi Guangwei , Wang Xiran , Shen Jie , Liu Yawei 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
The unique intracranial tumor microenvironment (TME) contributes to the immunotherapy failure for glioblastoma (GBM), thus new functional protein targets are urgently needed. Alternative splicing is a widespread regulatory mechanism by which individual gene can express variant proteins with distinct functions. Moreover, proteins located in the cell plasma membrane facilitate targeted therapies. This study sought to obtain functional membrane protein isoforms from GBM TME.

Methods
With combined single-cell RNA-seq and bulk RNA-seq analyses, novel candidate membrane proteins generated by prognostic splicing events were screened within GBM TME. The short isoform of MS4A7 (MS4A7-s) was selected for evaluation by RT-PCR and western blotting in clinical specimens. Its clinical relevance was evaluated in a GBM patient cohort. The function of MS4A7-s was identified by in vitro and in vivo experiments. MS4A7-s overexpression introduced transcriptome changes were analyzed to explore the potential molecular mechanism.

Results
The main expression product, isoform MS4A7-s, generated by exon skipping, is an M2-specific plasma membrane protein playing a pro-oncogenic role in GBM TME. Higher expression of MS4A7-s correlates with poor prognosis in a GBM cohort. In vitro cell co-culture experiments, intracranial co-injection tumorigenesis assay, and RNA-seq suggest MS4A7-s promotes activation of glioma-associated macrophages’ (GAMs) PI3K/AKT/GSK3β pathway, leading to M2 polarization, and drives malignant progression of GBM.

Conclusions
MS4A7-s, a novel splicing isoform of MS4A7 located on the surface of GAMs in GBM TME, is a predictor of patient outcome, which contributes to M2 polarization and the malignant phenotype of GBM. Targeting MS4A7-s may constitute a promising treatment for GBM.
Identification of thrombotic biomarkers in orthopedic surgery patients by plasma proteomics
Authors: Liu Cui-Qing , Gao Yu-Jing , Lin Geng-Xiong , Liang Jun-Ze , Li Yan-Fei , Wang Yi-Chun , Chen Wen-Yan , Chen Wei-Ju 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Due to the poor specificity of D-dimer, more accurate thrombus biomarkers are clinically needed to improve the diagnostic power of VTE.

Methods
The plasma samples were classified into low-risk group (n = 6) and high-risk group (n = 6) according to the Caprini Thrombosis Risk Assessment Scale score. Data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry (DIA-MS) was performed to identify the proteins in the 12 plasma samples. Bioinformatics analysis including volcano plot, heatmap, KEGG pathways and chord diagram analysis were drawn to analyze the significantly differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) between the two groups. Then, another 26 plasma samples were collected to verify the key proteins as potential biomarkers of VTE in orthopedic surgery patients.

Results
A total of 371 proteins were identified by DIA-MS in 12 plasma samples. Volcano plotting showed that there were 30 DEPs. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed that the DEPs were majorly involved in the blood coagulation pathway. The chord diagram analysis demonstrated that proteins SAA1, VWF, FLNA, ACTB, VINC, F13B, F13A and IPSP in the DEPs were significantly related to blood coagulation. VWF and F13B were selected for validation experiments. ELISA test showed that, as compared with those in the low-risk group, the level of VWF in the high-risk sera was significantly increased.

Conclusions
The level of VWF in the high-risk group of thrombosis after orthopedic surgery was significantly higher than that in the low-risk group of preoperative thrombosis, suggesting that VWF may be used as a potential thrombus biomarker in orthopedic surgery patients.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: AMLnet, A deep-learning pipeline for the differential diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia from bone marrow smears
Authors: Yu Zebin , Li Jianhu , Wen Xiang , Han Yingli , Jiang Penglei , Zhu Meng , Wang Minmin , Gao Xiangli , Shen Dan , Zhang Ting , Zhao Shuqi , Zhu Yijing , Tong Jixiang , Yuan Shuchong , Zhu HongHu , Huang He , Qian Pengxu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAcute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a deadly hematological malignancy. Cellular morphology detection of bone marrow smears based on the French–American–British (FAB) classification system remains an essential criterion in the diagnosis of hematological malignancies. However, the diagnosis and discrimination of distinct FAB subtypes of AML obtained from bone marrow smear images are tedious and time-consuming. In addition, there is considerable variation within and among pathologists, particularly in rural areas, where pathologists may not have relevant expertise. Here, we established a comprehensive database encompassing 8245 bone marrow smear images from 651 patients based on a retrospective dual-center study between 2010 and 2021 for the purpose of training and testing. Furthermore, we developed AMLnet, a deep-learning pipeline based on bone marrow smear images, that can discriminate not only between AML patients and healthy individuals but also accurately identify various AML subtypes. AMLnet achieved an AUC of 0.885 at the image level and 0.921 at the patient level in distinguishing nine AML subtypes on the test dataset. Furthermore, AMLnet outperformed junior human experts and was comparable to senior experts on the test dataset at the patient level. Finally, we provided an interactive demo website to visualize the saliency maps and the results of AMLnet for aiding pathologists’ diagnosis. Collectively, AMLnet has the potential to serve as a fast prescreening and decision support tool for cytomorphological pathologists, especially in areas where pathologists are overburdened by medical demands as well as in rural areas where medical resources are scarce.
Multi-omics analysis identifies drivers of protein phosphorylation
Authors: Zhang Tian , Keele Gregory R. , Gyuricza Isabela Gerdes , Vincent Matthew , Brunton Catherine , Bell Timothy A. , Hock Pablo , Shaw Ginger D. , Munger Steven C. , de Villena Fernando Pardo-Manuel , Ferris Martin T. , Paulo Joao A. , Gygi Steven P. , Churchill Gary A. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Phosphorylation of proteins is a key step in the regulation of many cellular processes including activation of enzymes and signaling cascades. The abundance of a phosphorylated peptide (phosphopeptide) is determined by the abundance of its parent protein and the proportion of target sites that are phosphorylated.

Results
We quantified phosphopeptides, proteins, and transcripts in heart, liver, and kidney tissue samples of mice from 58 strains of the Collaborative Cross strain panel. We mapped ~700 phosphorylation quantitative trait loci (phQTL) across the three tissues and applied genetic mediation analysis to identify causal drivers of phosphorylation. We identified kinases, phosphatases, cytokines, and other factors, including both known and potentially novel interactions between target proteins and genes that regulate site-specific phosphorylation. Our analysis highlights multiple targets of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1 (PDK1), a regulator of mitochondrial function that shows reduced activity in the NZO/HILtJ mouse, a polygenic model of obesity and type 2 diabetes.

Conclusions
Together, this integrative multi-omics analysis in genetically diverse CC strains provides a powerful tool to identify regulators of protein phosphorylation. The data generated in this study provides a resource for further exploration.
Mosquito diversity (Diptera: Culicidae) and medical importance in four Cambodian forests
Authors: Rakotonirina Antsa , Maquart Pierre-Olivier , Flamand Claude , Sokha Chea , Boyer Sébastien 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundA total of 290 mosquito species are recorded in Cambodia among which 43 are known vectors of pathogens. As Cambodia is heavily affected by deforestation, a potential change in the dynamic of vector-borne diseases (VDBs) could occur through alteration of the diversity and density of sylvatic vector mosquitoes and induce an increase in their interactions with humans. Understanding mosquito diversity is therefore critical, providing valuable data for risk assessments concerning the (re)emergence of local VBDs. Consequently, this study mainly aimed to understand the spatial and temporal distribution of sylvatic mosquito populations of Cambodia by determining which factors impact on their relative abundance and presence.MethodsA study was conducted in 12 sites from four forests in Cambodia. All mosquitoes, collected during the dry and rainy seasons, were morphologically identified. The diversity and relative density of mosquito species in each site were calculated along with the influence of meteorological and geographical factors using a quasi-Poisson generalized linear model.ResultsA total of 9392 mosquitoes were collected belonging to 13 genera and 85 species. The most represented genera wereCulex, accounting for 46% of collected mosquitoes, andAedes(42%). Besides being the most abundant species,Culex pseudovishnuiandAedes albopictus, which are known vectors of numerous arboviruses, were present in all sites during both dry and rainy seasons. The presence of mosquito species reported to be zoo-anthropophilic feeders was also observed in both forested and urban areas. Finally, this study demonstrated that altitude, temperature and precipitation impacted the abundance of mosquitoes but also influenced species community composition.ConclusionThe results indicate an important diversity of mosquitoes in the four forests and an influence of meteorological and geographical factors on their community. Additionally, this work highlights in parallel the abundance of species considered to be of medical importance and therefore underlines the high risk of pathogen emergence/re-emergence in the region.Graphical Abstract
Clinical and diagnostic characteristics of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease among Egyptian children and adolescents with type1 diabetes
Authors: Abdallah Hanaa Reyad , Youness Eman Refaat , Bedeir Manar Maher , Abouelnaga Marwa W. , Ezzat Wafaa M. , Elhosary Yasser , El-Hariri Hazem Mohamed , Hussein Mona Abd Elmotaleb A. , Ahmed Heba R. , Eladawy Rasha 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients are at an increased risk for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This study aimed to evaluate the clinical criteria associated with the diagnosis of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) among T1DM Egyptian children and adolescents.

Methods
74 T1DM patients aged 8–18 year were enrolled in this cross sectional study. Assessments of Clinical status, anthropometric measures, lipid profile, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and liver enzymes were done. Abdominal Ultrasound evaluation of hepatic steatosis was done. Accordingly, patients were divided into two groups (NAFLD and normal liver group) and compared together. Assessment of liver fibrosis using acoustic radiation force impulse elastography (ARFI) was done. Statistical analysis included; independent t-test, Chi square and Fisher’s Exact, Pearson and Spearman tests and Logistic regression models for factors associated with fatty liver were used when appropriate.

Results
In this study; 74 patients were enrolled; 37 males (50%) and 37 females with mean age 14.3 ± 3.0 year. The mean insulin dose was 1.1 ± 0.4 U/kg and mean disease duration was 6.3 ± 3.0 year. NAFLD was detected in 46 cases while 28 cases had normal liver as diagnosed by abdominal ultrasound. Cases with NAFLD had statistically significant higher BMI-Z scores, waist/hip, waist/height and sum of skin fold thicknesses compared to those with normal liver (P < 0.05). The mean value of HbA1c % was significantly higher in NAFLD group (P = 0.003). Total cholesterol, triglycerides and LDL serum levels were significantly elevated (p < 0.05), while the HDL level was significantly lower in NAFLD cases (p = 0.001). Although, serum levels of liver enzymes; ALT and AST were significantly higher among cases with NAFLD than in normal liver group (p < 0.05), their means were within normal. Using the ARFI elastography; NAFLD cases exhibited significant fibrosis (F2, 3 and 4). BMI, patient age and female gender were among risk factors for NAFLD.

Conclusions
NAFLD represents a serious consequence in type 1 diabetic children and adolescents that deserves attention especially with poor glycemic control. NAFLD has the potential to evolve to fibrosis. This study demonstrated a very high prevalence of NAFLD in T1D children and adolescents using US which was (62.2%) with the percent of liver fibrosis among the NAFLD cases (F2-F4) using ARFI elastography was 26%. BMI, age of patients and female gender were detected as risk factors for NAFLD.
Gut microbiota and host cytochrome P450 characteristics in the pseudo germ-free model: co-contributors to a diverse metabolic landscape
Authors: Wang Shanshan , Wen Qiuyu , Qin Yan , Xia Quan , Shen Chenlin , Song Shuai 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
The pseudo germ-free (PGF) model has been widely used to research the role of intestinal microbiota in drug metabolism and efficacy, while the modelling methods and the utilization of the PGF model are still not standardized and unified. A comprehensive and systematic research of the PGF model on the composition and function of the intestinal microbiota, changes in host cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzymes expression and intestinal mucosal permeability in four different modelling cycles of the PGF groups are provided in this paper.

Results
16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing was employed to compare and analyze the alpha and beta diversity, taxonomic composition, taxonomic indicators and predicted function of gut microbiota in the control and PGF groups. Bacterial richness and diversity decreased significantly in the PGF group beginning after the first week of establishment of the PGF model with antibiotic exposure. The PGF group exposed to antibiotics for 4-week-modelling possessed the fewest indicator genera. Moreover, increased intestinal mucosal permeability occurred in the second week of PGF model establishment, indicating that one week of antibiotic exposure is an appropriate time to establish the PGF model. The results of immunoblots revealed that CYP1A2, CYP2C19 and CYP2E1 expression was significantly upregulated in the PGF group compared with the control group, implying that the metabolic clearance of related drugs would change accordingly. The abundance of functional pathways predicted in the gut microbiota changed dramatically between the control and PGF groups.

Conclusions
This study provides information concerning the microbial and CYP450 enzyme expression profiles as a reference for evaluating drug metabolism differences co-affected by gut microbiota and host CYP450 enzymes in the PGF model.