bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changing trends in the prevalence of heart failure impairment with Thalassemias over three decades
Authors: Tang Hongwei , Zhang Nan , Deng Jianchuan , Zhou Kang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundTo assess the prevalence trend and contributing factors of heart failure (HF) impairment with thalassemias at global, regional and national levels.MethodsData on HF impairment with thalassemias was collected from the Global Burden of Disease study. The absolute number and prevalence of the disease were systematically collected for each year, and the estimated annual percentage changes (EAPC) in HF impairment were calculated by gender, region and country to measure temporal trends.ResultsThalassemias have caused a significant global burden since 1990, and the case number of HF related to thalassemias has been steadily increasing. The highest case number of HF impairments with thalassemias is observed in China (7739 cases) and the highest prevalence is in Pakistan (1.61 per 100,000) currently. Besides, the middle sociodemographic index (SDI) region carries the highest burden of comorbid disease yet exhibits the most evident trend for improvement across the five regions (EAPC = −.98). The burden of thalassemias and comorbid HF is generally higher in males than females with the gender gap growing chasm in the future. Besides, the hotspots of HF impairment with thalassemias have gradually shifted to low SDI regions, though middle SDI regions still hold a relatively higher prevalence (.37 per 100,000) across different regions.ConclusionsThe burden of thalassemias and accompanying HF, as well as their temporal trends, vary greatly across countries and regions. These findings can improve understanding of these conditions and guide policymakers in developing appropriate policies to address disparities between countries.
Detection efficiency of adult Pacific lamprey passage counts at Leaburg Dam and upstream distribution in the McKenzie River (Oregon, USA)
Authors: Romer Jeremy D. , Clemens Benjamin J. , Ziller Jeffrey S. , Garner Emma 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAdult Pacific lamprey (Entosphenus tridentatus) were counted using consistent methodology since 2005 with a video monitoring system as they passed Leaburg Dam (McKenzie River, Oregon, USA) en route to upstream spawning areas. In this study we evaluated the detection efficiency of the video system and upstream distribution of Pacific lamprey using the video counts of lamprey passage (herein, “dam counts”), passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags, and radio telemetry. In 2019–2020 we collected, tagged and tracked 32 adult lamprey (4 from the McKenzie River and 28 that were translocated from Willamette Falls). All fish were tagged and released into the tailrace of Leaburg Dam in June 2019. Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife employees and volunteers from the local community conducted mobile radiotracking above and below the dam in drift boats (114 mainstem river kilometers) and on foot (several tributaries). The estimated detection efficiency for dam counts was 92% (95% confidence interval: 67%–99%). Fifty percent (16 of 32) of the tagged lamprey passed the dam, including 13 of 28 that were translocated. Thirty‐seven percent (6 of 16) of lamprey that passed Leaburg Dam were detected in a restored reach of the South Fork McKenzie, 32.6 river kilometers upstream of the dam.
Self‐stigma and quality of life among people with psychosis: The protective role of religion
Authors: Seet Vanessa , Lee Ying Ying , Chua Yi Chian , Verma Swapna Kamal , Subramaniam Mythily 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimThe quality of life in people with psychosis has been consistently demonstrated to be lower than those without, with self‐stigma contributing greatly to this impairment. Hence, it is imperative to address this gap in order to facilitate recovery‐oriented and other outcomes. This study investigates the potential of religiosity in moderating the effects of self‐stigma on quality of life among those with psychosis.MethodsAdults with psychosis (n = 99) were recruited from the Early Psychosis Intervention Programme in Singapore from 2018 to 2021, and administered the self‐report Religious Commitment Index, Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness scale, and Abbreviated World Health Organization Quality of Life instrument. Linear regression analyses were conducted and the interaction between self‐stigma and religious commitment scores calculated to investigate the moderation effects of religiosity on the relationship between stigma and quality of life.ResultsPreliminary regression analyses revealed a significant association between sex and psychological quality of life. After controlling for sex, religiosity was found to moderate the relationship between self‐stigma and psychological quality of life.ConclusionsThe results of the study demonstrate the potential of religiosity in buffering the effects of self‐stigma on quality of life. This reveals an area that can be easily targeted and addressed in treatment programs to improve outcomes beyond the clinical setting among people living with psychosis, to facilitate their recovery journey and beyond.
Doing qualitative research: Methodological reflections on researching teachers work
Authors: Jayantilal Kumar , Lalli Gurpinder Singh 
Published: September 2023

AbstractReflexive commitments tend to be lacking, particularly from the perspective of early career scholars. This is particularly true in relation to published research, but evident in doctoral studies exploring teachers work. Using principles of phenomenological reflexivity, this methodological paper explores the critical incidents that have come to shape a qualitative, ethnographical case study before entering the field. Key findings highlight four implications for novice researchers: an engagement with critical independent reflection, critical friendship, skills development through academic modules and reflexive reading, and communities of practice. The paper calls for continued attention to the methodological framing of research, particularly during and after entering the field.
Genetic screening for hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis with polyneuropathy in western Sicily: Two years of experience in a neurological clinic
Authors: Di Stefano Vincenzo , Lupica Antonino , Alonge Paolo , Pignolo Antonia , Augello Sofia Maria , Gentile Francesca , Gagliardo Andrea , Giglia Francesca , Brinch Daniele , Cappello Maria , Di Lisi Daniela , Novo Giuseppina , Borgione Eugenia , Scuderi Carmela , Brighina Filippo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackground and purposeHereditary transthyretin amyloidosis with polyneuropathy (ATTRv‐PN) is caused by mutations in the TTR gene, leading to misfolded monomers that aggregate generating amyloid fibrils.MethodsA prospective systematic genetic screening for ATTRv‐PN was proposed in patients presenting with a sensory–motor idiopathic polyneuropathy and two or more “red flags” among the following: family history of polyneuropathy or cardiopathy, bilateral carpal tunnel syndrome, cardiac insufficiency, renal amyloidosis, lumbar tract stenosis, autonomic dysfunction, idiopathic gastrointestinal disease, amyloid deposits on biopsy, and vitreous opacities. The detection rate was calculated, and nonparametric analyses were carried out to underline differences among screened positive versus negative patients.ResultsIn the first step, 145 suspected patients underwent genetic testing, revealing a diagnosis of ATTRv‐PN in 14 patients (10%). Then, cascade screening allowed early recognition of 33 additional individuals (seven symptomatic ATTRv‐PN patients and 26 presymptomatic carriers) among 84 first‐degree relatives. Patients with a positive genetic test presented a higher frequency of unexplained weight loss, gastrointestinal symptoms, and family history of cardiopathy.ConclusionsA systematic screening for ATTRv‐PN yielded an increased recognition of the disease in our neurological clinic. Unexplained weight loss associated with axonal polyneuropathy had the highest predictive value in the guidance of clinical suspicion. A focused approach for the screening of ATTRv‐PN could lead to an earlier diagnosis and identification of asymptomatic carriers, who will be promptly treated after a strict follow‐up at the clinical onset.
The role of clay minerals in the preservation of Precambrian organic‐walled microfossils
Authors: Woltz C. R. , Anderson R. P. , Tosca N. J. , Porter S. M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPrecambrian organic‐walled microfossils (OWMs) are primarily preserved in mudstones and shales that are low in total organic carbon (TOC). Recent work suggests that high TOC may hinder OWM preservation, perhaps because it interferes with chemical interactions involving certain clay minerals that inhibit the decay of microorganisms. To test if clay mineralogy controls OWM preservation, and if TOC moderates the effect of clay minerals, we compared OWM preservational quality (measured by pitting on fossil surfaces and the deterioration of wall margins) to TOC, total clay, and specific clay mineral concentrations in 78 shale samples from 11 lithologic units ranging in age from ca. 1650 to 650 million years ago. We found that the probability of finding well‐preserved microfossils positively correlates with total clay concentrations and confirmed that it negatively correlates with TOC concentrations. However, we found no evidence that TOC influences the effect of clay mineral concentrations on OWM preservation, supporting an independent role of both factors on preservation. Within the total clay fraction, well‐preserved microfossils are more likely to occur in shales with high illite concentrations and low berthierine/chamosite concentrations; however, the magnitude of their effect on preservation is small. Therefore, there is little evidence that bulk clay chemistry is important in OWM preservation. Instead, we propose that OWM preservation is largely regulated by physical properties that isolate organic remains from microbial degradation such as food scarcity (low TOC) and low sediment permeability (high total clay content): low TOC increases the diffusive distances between potential carbon sources and heterotrophic microbes (or their degradative enzymes), while high clay concentrations reduce sediment pore space, thereby limiting the diffusion of oxidants and degradative enzymes to the sites of decay.
Pkd2, mutations linking to autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum and regulates calcium signaling in fission yeast
Authors: Koyano Takayuki , Fujimoto Takahiro , Onishi Kaori , Matsuyama Makoto , Fukushima Masaki , Kume Kazunori 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAutosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a renal disorder caused by mutations in the PKD2 gene, which encodes polycystin‐2/Pkd2, a transient receptor potential channel. The precise role of Pkd2 in cyst formation remains unclear. The fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe has a putative transient receptor potential channel, Pkd2, which shares similarities with human Pkd2. In this study, truncation analyses of fission yeast Pkd2 were conducted to investigate its localization and function. The results revealed that Pkd2 localizes not only to the plasma membrane but also to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in fission yeast. Furthermore, Pkd2 regulates calcium signaling in fission yeast, with the transmembrane domains of Pkd2 being sufficient for these processes. Specifically, the C‐terminal region of Pkd2 plays a crucial role in the regulation of calcium signaling. Interestingly, human Pkd2 also localized to the ER and had some impact on calcium signaling in fission yeast. However, human Pkd2 failed to suppress the loss of fission yeast Pkd2. These findings indicate that hPkd2 may not completely substitute for cellular physiology of fission yeast Pkd2. This study provides insights into the localization and functional characteristics of Pkd2 in fission yeast, contributing to our understanding of the pathogenesis of ADPKD.
Broad spectrum SARS‐CoV‐2‐specific immunity in hospitalized First Nations peoples recovering from COVID‐19
Authors: Zhang Wuji , Clemens E Bridie , Kedzierski Lukasz , Chua Brendon Y , Mayo Mark , Lonzi Claire , Hinchcliff Alexandra , Rigas Vanessa , Middleton Bianca F , Binks Paula , Rowntree Louise C , Allen Lilith F , Tan Hyon‐Xhi , Petersen Jan , Chaurasia Priyanka , Krammer Florian , Wheatley Adam K , Kent Stephen J , Rossjohn Jamie , Miller Adrian , Lynar Sarah , Nelson Jane , Nguyen Thi HO , Davies Jane , Kedzierska Katherine 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIndigenous peoples globally are at increased risk of COVID‐19‐associated morbidity and mortality. However, data that describe immune responses to SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in Indigenous populations are lacking. We evaluated immune responses in Australian First Nations peoples hospitalized with COVID‐19. Our work comprehensively mapped out inflammatory, humoral and adaptive immune responses following SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. Patients were recruited early following the lifting of strict public health measures in the Northern Territory, Australia, between November 2021 and May 2022. Australian First Nations peoples recovering from COVID‐19 showed increased levels of MCP‐1 and IL‐8 cytokines, IgG‐antibodies against Delta‐RBD and memory SARS‐CoV‐2‐specific T cell responses prior to hospital discharge in comparison with hospital admission, with resolution of hyperactivated HLA‐DR+CD38+ T cells. SARS‐CoV‐2 infection elicited coordinated ASC, Tfh and CD8+ T cell responses in concert with CD4+ T cell responses. Delta and Omicron RBD‐IgG, as well as Ancestral N‐IgG antibodies, strongly correlated with Ancestral RBD‐IgG antibodies and Spike‐specific memory B cells. We provide evidence of broad and robust immune responses following SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in Indigenous peoples, resembling those of non‐Indigenous COVID‐19 hospitalized patients.
Penalisation Methods in Fitting High‐Dimensional Cointegrated Vector Autoregressive Models: A Review
Authors: Levakova Marie , Ditlevsen Susanne 
Published: September 2023

SummaryCointegration has shown useful for modeling non‐stationary data with long‐run equilibrium relationships among variables, with applications in many fields such as econometrics, climate research and biology. However, the analyses of vector autoregressive models are becoming more difficult as data sets of higher dimensions are becoming available, in particular because the number of parameters is quadratic in the number of variables. This leads to lack of statistical robustness, and regularisation methods are paramount for obtaining valid estimates. In the last decade, many papers have appeared suggesting different penalisation approaches to the inference problem. Here, we make a comprehensive review of different penalisation methods adapted to the specific structure of vector cointegrated models suggested in the literature, with relevant references to software packages. The methods are evaluated and compared according to a range of error measures in a simulation study, considering combinations of low and high dimension of the system and small and large sample sizes.
An effective disease diagnostic model related to pyroptosis in ischemic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Jin Zhankui , Liu Fuqiang , Zhang Guoan , Zhang Jingtao , Zhao Xiangrong , Huo Xueping , Huang Xiaoyan , Xu Cuixiang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPyroptosis is involved in ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM). The study aimed to investigate the pyroptosis‐related genes and clarify their diagnostic value in ICM. The bioinformatics method identified the differential pyroptosis genes between the normal control and ICM samples from online datasets. Then, protein–protein interaction (PPI) and function analysis were carried out to explore the function of these genes. Following, subtype analysis was performed using ConsensusClusterPlus, functions, immune score, stromal score, immune cell proportion and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes between subtypes were investigated. Moreover, optimal pyroptosis genes were selected using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) analysis to construct a diagnostic model and evaluate its effectiveness using receiver operator characteristic (ROC) analysis. Twenty‐one differential expressed pyroptosis genes were identified, and these genes were related to immune and pyroptosis. Subtype analysis identified two obvious subtypes: sub‐1 and sub‐2. And LASSO identified 13 optimal genes used to construct the diagnostic model. The diagnostic model in ICM diagnosis with the area under ROC (AUC) was 0.965. Our results suggested that pyroptosis was tightly associated with ICM.
Identifying and mapping the spatial distribution of regions prone to snowmelt flood hazards in the arid region of Central Asia: A case study in Xinjiang, China
Authors: Liu Yan , Zhang Jun min , Huo Hong , Li Yang , Lu Xin yu , Wang Ni , Yang Yun 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSnowmelt floods are highly hazardous meteorological disasters that can potentially threaten human lives and property. Hence, snowmelt susceptibility mapping (SSM) plays an important role in flood prevention systems and aids emergency responders and flood risk managers. In this paper, a method of identifying snowmelt flood hazards is proposed, and a large‐scale snowmelt flood hazard zonation scheme based on historical recordings and multisource remote sensing data is established. To assess the quality of our approach, the proposed model was tested in the cold and arid region of Xinjiang, China. Overall, 140 historical snowmelt flood events and 27 explanatory factors were selected to construct a geospatial dataset for SSM of the contemporary period. GridSearchCV was used to comprehensively search the candidate parameters from the grid of given parameters obtained with the random forest (RF) algorithm. Then, the geospatial dataset was divided into two subsets: 70% for training and 30% for testing. Next, SSM results were obtained with the RF algorithm using optimized parameters. The results indicate that our optimized RF classifier performs well for the task of SSM, with a high AUC value (0.975) for the test dataset. The validation and analysis suggest that the proposed method can efficiently identify snowmelt flood hazards in undersampled arid areas at a regional scale.
Prospective cohort study of neurodevelopmental outcomes following extreme neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia in Australia
Authors: McGillivray Angela J , Polverino Jan , Badawi Nadia , Evans Nicholas J 
Published: September 2023

AimThis study aimed to establish the incidence and nature of neurodevelopmental outcomes following extreme neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia in an Australian cohort.MethodsA prospective cohort study of neurodevelopmental outcomes up to 3 years of age of infants born between 2010 and 2013 at ≥34 weeks gestation, with total serum bilirubin ≥450 μmol/L and/or clinical signs of acute bilirubin encephalopathy. Outcome measures comprised neurological examination, Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, 3rd edition and Ages and Stages Questionnaire, 3rd edition.ResultsThe Australian estimated incidence of kernicterus is 0.35 per 100 000 live births. Within the follow‐up cohort of 26, three children have clinical neurodevelopmental impairment: one has gross motor function classification system level 4 cerebral palsy, audiological deficiency and visual impairment; the second has gross motor function classification system level 1 cerebral palsy and the third has global developmental delay with autism spectrum disorder. Mean Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, 3rd edition scores were: cognition 10.3 (SD 1.5), receptive communication 9.4 (SD 1.8), expressive communication 9.2 (SD 2.4), fine motor 10.4 (SD 2.6) and gross motor 9.2 (SD 2.3).ConclusionThe Australian national rate of kernicterus compares favourably with global estimates. Future preventative strategies in this context include universal neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia assessment and mandated adverse outcome reporting and investigation.
Should the police give priority to violence within criminal organizations? A personnel economics perspective
Authors: Bravard C. , Durieu J. , Kamphorst J. , Roché S. , Sémirat S. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractEven among themselves, criminals are not seen as trustworthy. Consequently, a criminal organization needs to incentivize its members, either by threats of violence or by rewarding good behavior. The cost of using violence depends on the resources police allocate to investigating intraorganizational violence. This means that the police may affect the choice of an incentive scheme by the criminal organization. The design of the optimal strategy for crime control has to take this into account. We develop a model of an infinitely repeated criminal labor market where (i) a criminal organization hires and incentivizes members, and (ii) peripheral crime (crime outside the criminal organization) is a stepping stone to a career in organized crime. We establish that there are two possible optimal strategies for the police. (i) There are situations in which the optimal strategy for the police is to use all of their resources to decrease the efficiency of criminals. (ii) In other situations, the optimal strategy for the police is to spend the minimum amount of resources to ensure that the criminal organization cannot punish disloyal criminals, and spend the rest of their resources to decrease the efficiency of criminals.
Risk‐stratified approach by aMAP score for community population infected with hepatitis B and C to guide subsequent liver cancer screening practice: A cohort study with 10‐year follow‐up
Authors: He Hua , Wu Yanhua , Jia Zhifang , Xu Hongqin , Pan Yuchen , Cao Donghui , Zhang Yangyu , Tao Xuerong , Zhao Tianye , Lv Haiyong , Yi Jiaxin , Wang Yuehui , Gao Yanhang , Kou Changgui , Niu Junqi , Jiang Jing 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine whether the age‐Male‐ALBI‐Platelet (aMAP) score is applicable in community settings and how to maximise its role in risk stratification. A total of thousand five hundred and three participants had an aMAP score calculated at baseline and were followed up for about 10 years to obtain information on liver cancer incidence and death. After assessing the ability of aMAP to predict liver cancer incidence and death in terms of differentiation and calibration, the optimal risk stratification threshold of the aMAP score was explored, based on absolute and relative risks. The aMAP score achieved higher area under curves (AUCs) (almost all above 0.8) within 10 years and exhibited a better calibration within 5 years. Regarding absolute risk, the risk of incidence of and death from liver cancer showed a rapid increase after an aMAP score of 55. The cumulative incidence (5‐year: 8.3% vs. 1.3% and 10‐year: 20.9% vs. 3.6%) and mortality (5‐year: 6.7% vs. 1.1% and 10‐year: 17.5% vs. 3.1%) of liver cancer in individuals with an aMAP score of ≥55 were significantly higher than in those with a score of <55 (Grey's test p  < .001). In terms of relative risk, the risk of death from liver cancer surpassed that from other causes after an aMAP score of ≥55 [HR = 1.38(1.02–1.87)]. Notably, the two types of death risk had opposite trends between the subpopulation with an aMAP score of ≥55 and < 55. To conclude, this study showed the value of the aMAP score in community settings and recommends using 55 as a new risk stratification threshold to guide subsequent liver cancer screening.