bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epigenetically silenced DACT3 promotes tumor growth via affecting Wnt/beta-catenin signaling and supports chidamide plus azacitidine therapy in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Jiang Duanfeng , Mo Qiuyu , Shao Haigang , Meng Jie , Zhong Ruilan , Ji Xunxiu , Liang Changjiu , Lin Wenyuan , Chen Fangping , Dong Min 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundDACT gene is a potential Wnt antagonist and tumor suppressor gene. However, the expression of DACT gene in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and its role are still unknown.MethodsIn this study, we first multidimensionally analyzed the expression of DACT gene in AML through RNA seq, qRT-PCR and Western blotting analysis as well as TCGA database analysis. Then DACT3 was identified as playing a critical role in AML, and its clinical significance was further explored. The molecular mechanism of DACT3 down-regulation in AML from aspects of DNA methylation and histone acetylation were inquired. Finally, the biological functions of DACT3 in AML were investigated by cell modelsin vitroand animal experimentsin vivo.ResultsCompared with DACT1 and DACT2, DACT3 was the most differentially expressed DACT family member in AML, suggesting that DACT3 plays the major role. The mRNA and protein expression levels of DACT3 were significantly decreased and positively correlated in AML. Moreover, low expression of DACT3 is associated with no remission disease status and poor prognosis in AML patients. In addition, down-regulation of DACT3 in AML was not completely dependent on promoter methylation, but also affected by histone deacetylation. We found that loss of DACT3 in AML is related to activation of Wnt signaling pathway. Furthermore, DACT3 inhibits the growth of AML cellsin vitroand in severe immunodeficiency (SCID) mice. Importantly, DACT3 improved the sensitivity of adriamycin in treating AML cells. Further research showed that co-treatment of chidamide and azacytidine up-regulates DACT3 expression and promotes cell apoptosis via inhibiting Wnt/β-catenin signaling in AML, suggesting a promising therapeutic prospects in FLT3-mutant AML.ConclusionThis is the first study revealing the epigenetic regulatory molecular mechanism of the down regulated expression of DACT3 in AML. Our data also shows that DACT3 is a candidate gene for therapeutic target and targeting DACT3 has the potential to validate the combination therapy of DNMT inhibitors and HDAC inhibitors.
Acute psilocybin enhances cognitive flexibility in rats
Authors: Pacheco Alejandro Torrado , Olson Randall J. , Garza Gabriela , Moghaddam Bita 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPsilocybin has been shown to improve symptoms of depression and anxiety when combined with psychotherapy or other clinician-guided interventions. To understand the neural basis for this pattern of clinical efficacy, experimental and conceptual approaches that are different than traditional laboratory models of anxiety and depression are needed. A potential novel mechanism is that acute psilocybin improves cognitive flexibility, which then enhances the impact of clinician-assisted interventions. Consistent with this idea, we find that acute psilocybin robustly improves cognitive flexibility in male and female rats using a task where animals switched between previously learned strategies in response to uncued changes in the environment. Psilocybin did not influence Pavlovian reversal learning, suggesting that its cognitive effects are selective to enhanced switching between previously learned behavioral strategies. The serotonin (5HT) 2A receptor antagonist ketanserin blocked psilocybin’s effect on set-shifting, while a 5HT2C-selective antagonist did not. Ketanserin alone also improved set-shifting performance, suggesting a complex relationship between psilocybin’s pharmacology and its impact on flexibility. Further, the psychedelic drug 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine (DOI) impaired cognitive flexibility in the same task, suggesting that this effect of psilocybin does not generalize to all other serotonergic psychedelics. We conclude that the acute impact of psilocybin on cognitive flexibility provides a useful behavioral model to investigate its neuronal effects relevant to its positive clinical outcome.
2023 update of template tables for reporting biomolecular structural modelling of small-angle scattering data
Authors: Trewhella Jill , Jeffries Cy M. , Whitten Andrew E. 
Published: January 2023

In 2017, guidelines were published for reporting structural modelling of small-angle scattering (SAS) data from biomolecules in solution that exemplified best-practice documentation of experiments and analysis. Since then, there has been significant progress in SAS data and model archiving, and the IUCr journal editors announced that the IUCr biology journals will require the deposition of SAS data used in biomolecular structure solution into a public archive, as well as adherence to the 2017 reporting guidelines. In this context, the reporting template tables accompanying the 2017 publication guidelines have been reviewed with a focus on making them both easier to use and more general. With input from the SAS community via the IUCr Commission on SAS and attendees of the triennial 2022 SAS meeting (SAS2022, Campinas, Brazil), an updated reporting template table has been developed that includes standard descriptions for proteins, glycosylated proteins, DNA and RNA, with some reorganization of the data to improve readability and interpretation. In addition, a specialized template has been developed for reporting SAS contrast-variation (SAS-cv) data and models that incorporates the additional reporting requirements from the 2017 guidelines for these more complicated experiments. To demonstrate their utility, examples of reporting with these new templates are provided for a SAS study of a DNA–protein complex and a SAS-cv experiment on a protein complex. The examples demonstrate how the tabulated information promotes transparent reporting that, in combination with the recommended figures and additional information best presented in the main text, enables the reader of the work to readily draw their own conclusions regarding the quality of the data and the validity of the models presented.
Ligand dose‐dependent activation of signaling pathways through the gustatory receptor NlGr11 linked to feeding efficacy in Nilaparvata lugens
Authors: Chen Wei‐Wen , Lin Kai , Lv Jun , Su Qin , Zhang Meng‐Yi , Kang Kui , Zhang Wen‐Qing 
Published: January 2023

AbstractInsects often face both conditions with sufficient nutrients and conditions of undernutrition in the field. Through gustatory receptors, insects sense nutrients and regulate their physiological functions such as feeding and reproduction. However, it remains unclear whether signaling pathways activated by gustatory receptors depend on the concentration of nutrients and whether the difference in signaling pathways directly affects insects’ physiological functions. Herein, we found that a sugar gustatory receptor, NlGr11, from the brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens, activated G protein‐coupled signaling and ionotropic pathways when bound to high galactose concentration. BPHs subsequently demonstrated longer feeding times, feeding loads, and higher vitellogenin (NlVg) expression than BPHs exposed to high galactose concentrations, which only activated the ionotropic pathway. For the first time, our findings link plant nutrient conditions, signaling pathways activated by nutrients, and their gustatory receptors, and nutrient dose‐dependent feeding efficacy and vitellogenin (Vg) expression in an insect. This will help us to better understand the molecular mechanism for insect feeding strategies on plants at different stages of nutritional conditions.
Reference gene selection for normalizing gene expression using quantitative real‐time PCR in Haemaphysalis longicornis
Authors: Park Ye Eun , Kim YeongHo , Goh Gyuhyeong , Lee Si Hyeock , Choi Kwang Shik , Kim Young Ho 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe Asian longhorned tick, Haemaphysalis longicornis, the dominant species of Ixodidae in Korea, has a wide distribution in East Asia, far‐East Russia, and Western Pacific countries, and has recently been discovered in the Eastern states of the United States of America. H. longicornis transmits various pathogens, including Babesia ovate, Rickettsia japonica, and severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV). Considering its medical importance, in order to understand the physiology of H. longicornis, it is crucial to determine the expression of the genes of interest. Although quantitative real‐time PCR (qRT‐PCR) has been widely used to analyze gene expression, stably‐expressed internal reference genes across samples of different conditions should be selected for the accurate normalization of target gene expression levels. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the expression levels of five candidate reference genes, namely ACT, RPP0, RPL23, TUB, and GAPDH, in H. longicornis under different conditions, including different collection months, developmental stages, and SFTSV infection status. Using four software programs, namely, NormFinder, BestKeeper, geNorm, and RefFinder, their expression stabilities were evaluated. Subsequently, a single gene between RPL23 and RPP0 was validated, which was found to be most stable reference gene after comparing the expression levels of HSP70 determined using different normalization methods.
But it came from a food pantry: Product stigma and quality perceptions of food pantry offerings
Authors: Byrne Anne T. , Just David R. , Barrett Christopher B. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAmong the millions of food insecure people in high income countries, only a modest fraction uses food pantries. Stigma is commonly cited as a barrier to use and may arise due to the perceived low product quality of pantry offerings. This study tests the hypothesis that “product stigma” is present among prospective pantry clients. In an online experimental survey of low‐income respondents, we ask participants to evaluate food items under four different treatments. In a two‐by‐two randomized design, in one dimension they are told the food is from a grocery store or from a food pantry, and in the other dimension they are or are not provided with photos of the food items, in some cases indicating a popular brand. The study finds that respondents exhibit a negative perception of the quality of food from a pantry, but that perception is largely offset when they are shown an informative visual depiction of that food. The effect of brand information is explored in a second online experimental survey and found to be an important component of consumer perception, partly mitigating the product stigma effect of food pantry offerings, but less so than a photo does. Results suggest that food banks and food pantries may combat product stigma through marketing that uses photos, brand names, or both to depict the quality of the products they offer. Such interventions may encourage current users to visit more frequently and needy non‐users to visit at all.
Entrepreneurial ecosystem for cooperatives: The case of Kyrgyz agricultural cooperatives
Authors: Beishenaly Nazik , Dufays Frédéric 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe article discusses the development of agricultural cooperatives in Kyrgyzstan from an entrepreneurial ecosystem (EE) perspective. Agricultural development priorities explain cooperatives’ importance in Kyrgyz government's policies, but cooperatives still fail at countering the challenges of the smallholder economy. Considering agricultural cooperatives as a form of rural entrepreneurship, this paper aims to contribute to the discussion of the factors that support cooperatives in developing countries adapting the EE framework to cooperative entrepreneurship. Using a content analysis method, we analysed and coded textual data from documentary and archival publications on the agricultural cooperatives in Kyrgyzstan published by the government, cooperatives and their unions and the reports of international organizations. We identify five main dimensions of the cooperative entrepreneurial ecosystem for cooperatives: (1) policy and regulatory framework; (2) education and skills; (3) market environment; (4) culture; (5) networks. We found that even if the overall structure of cooperatives’ EE can be comparable to conventional enterprises, its sub‐elements significantly differ for cooperative enterprises. Despite its exploratory character and single‐case research design, this article contributes to the theoretical discussion on cooperative entrepreneurial ecosystems in post‐socialist developing contexts and offers a framework of analysis for cooperative development policies and practices.
Artificial intelligence based left ventricular ejection fraction and global longitudinal strain in cardiac amyloidosis
Authors: Cotella Juan I. , Slivnick Jeremy A. , Sanderson Emily , Singulane Cristiane , O'Driscoll Jamie , Asch Federico M. , Addetia Karima , Woodward Gary , Lang Roberto M. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundAssessment of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and global longitudinal strain (GLS) plays a key role in the diagnosis of cardiac amyloidosis (CA). However, manual measurements are time consuming and prone to variability. We aimed to assess whether fully automated artificial intelligence (AI) calculation of LVEF and GLS provide similar estimates and can identify abnormalities in agreement with conventional manual methods, in patients with pre‐clinical and clinical CA.MethodsWe identified 51 patients (age 80 ± 10 years, 53% male) with confirmed CA according to guidelines, who underwent echocardiography before and/or at the time of CA diagnosis (median (IQR) time between observations 3.87 (1.93, 5.44 years). LVEF and GLS were quantified from the apical 2‐ and 4‐chamber views using both manual and fully automated methods (EchoGo Core 2.0, Ultromics). Inter‐technique agreement was assessed using linear regression and Bland‐Altman analyses and two‐way ANOVA. The diagnostic accuracy and time for detecting abnormalities (defined as LVEF ≤ 50% and GLS ≥ −15.1%, respectively) using AI was assessed by comparisons to manual measurements as a reference.ResultsThere were no significant differences in manual and automated LVEF and GLS values in either pre‐CA (p = .791 and p = .105, respectively) or at diagnosis (p = .463 and p = .722). The two methods showed strong correlation on both the pre‐CA (r = .78 and r = .83) and CA echoes (r = .74 and r = .80) for LVEF and GLS, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of AI‐derived indices for detecting abnormal LVEF were 83% and 86%, respectively, in the pre‐CA echo and 70% and 79% at CA diagnosis. The sensitivity and specificity of AI‐derived indices for detecting abnormal GLS was 82% and 86% in the pre‐CA echo and 100% and 67% at the time of CA diagnosis. There was no significant difference in the relationship between LVEF (p = .99) and GLS (p = .19) and time to abnormality between the two methods.ConclusionFully automated AI‐calculated LVEF and GLS are comparable to manual measurements in patients pre‐CA and at the time of CA diagnosis. The widespread implementation of automated LVEF and GLS may allow for more rapid assessment in different disease states with comparable accuracy and reproducibility to manual methods.
Transgenerational transmission of suffering: State violence, memory, and aspiration for alternative intimate lives in contemporary China
Authors: Zhao Shanni 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn constructing a socialist order, Chinese state‐raised political movements inflicted violence on families. Drawing on anthropological studies of violence, memory, haunting, affect, and transgenerational transmission, along with ethnographic investigation in Shanghai and Hunan, China, I demonstrate that individual experiences of political suffering will not be self‐contained but inevitably be bequeathed to the offspring, shaping both intergenerational relationship and youth knowledge of intimacies. While most anthropologists have explained contemporary Chinese family intimacy through neoliberal cultures, economic privatization, and the one‐child policy, I unravel a political history of affective undercurrents and its potential for generating a desire for nonnormative intimacy among the younger generation. I argue that generational relationships in the postviolence era are tripartite not bipartite; families’ aspirations and reproductive practices respond to an unfulfilled state‐family reciprocity. This tripartite relationship further suggests that desire formation in socialist nuclear families differs from that in Freudian bourgeois families.
Bladder training and Kegel exercises on urinary symptoms in female patients with multiple sclerosis
Authors: ÖZEN Şükrü , POLAT Ülkü 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis study was designed to determine the effects of bladder training and Kegel exercises on urinary symptoms and the quality of life in female patients with multiple sclerosis. A pretest‐posttest quasi‐experimental study was conducted. The study was composed of 37 participants from two different hospitals in Turkey. The data collection tools included a Patient Information Form, Expanded Disability Status Scale, Multiple Sclerosis Quality of Life Scale‐54, King's Health Questionnaire, and a bladder diary. Participants were followed through phone consultation seven times during a 3 month period. The participants showed a significant improvement in both the physical and mental health of their quality of life scores compared to the baseline regarding the King's Health Questionnaire Scale, there was an increase in patients' general health perception compared to the baseline. There was reduction in the frequency, nocturia, urgency, and urinary incontinence compared to the baseline at much level of symptoms odds. In this sample, bladder training and Kegel exercises improved quality of life in female patients with MS. These techniques increased the patients'general health perception of their urinary symptoms.
Trends in emergency department visits associated with cannabis use among older adults in California, 2005–2019
Authors: Han Benjamin H. , Brennan Jesse J. , Orozco Mirella A. , Moore Alison A. , Castillo Edward M. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe use of cannabis among older adults is increasing in the United States. While cannabis use has been suggested to help alleviate chronic symptoms experienced by older adults, its potential adverse effects may lead to unintended consequences, including increased acute healthcare utilization related to its use. The objective of this study was to examine trends in cannabis‐related emergency department (ED) visits in California.MethodsUsing data from the Department of Healthcare Access and Information, we conducted a trend analysis of cannabis‐related ED visits from all acute care hospitals in California from 2005 to 2019. For each calendar year, we determined the cannabis‐related ED visit rate per 100,000 ED visits for adults aged ≥65 utilizing primary or secondary diagnosis codes. We estimated the absolute and relative changes in overall cannabis‐related visit rates during the study period and by subgroup, including age (65–74, 75–84, ≥85), race/ethnicity, sex, payer/insurance, Charlson comorbidity index score, and cannabis‐related diagnosis code.ResultsThe cannabis‐related ED visit rate increased significantly for adults aged ≥65 and all subgroups (p < 0.001). The overall rate increased from 20.7 per 100,000 visits in 2005 to 395.0 per 100,000 ED visits in 2019, a 1804% relative increase. By race/ethnicity, older Black adults had the highest ED visit rate in 2019 and the largest absolute increase while older males had a higher ED visit rate in 2019 and a greater absolute increase than older women. Older adults with a higher Charlson score had a higher ED visit rate in 2019 and a larger absolute increase during the study period.ConclusionCannabis‐related ED visits are increasing among older adults in California and are an adverse effect of cannabis use. Asking about cannabis use and providing education about its use should be a part of routine medical care for older adults.
Lipofibromatosis‐like neural tumors: Report of a case and review of 73 reported cases
Authors: Ulschmid Caden M. , Singam Vivek , Segura Annette , Gourlay David M. , Chiu Yvonne E. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractLipofibromatosis‐like neural tumors (LPF‐NTs) are a recently discovered group of spindle cell tumors defined by the presence of a lipofibromatosis‐like pattern, CD34 and/or S100 reactivity, and frequent neurotrophic receptor tyrosine kinase 1 (NTRK1) gene rearrangements. As new cases emerge, the spectrum of features observed in LPF‐NTs continues to evolve. Here we describe the case of an 11‐year‐old with LPF‐NT with a dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans‐like honeycomb pattern, CD34 and S100 co‐expression, and an NTRK1 rearrangement. We also review the clinical and molecular features of the 73 cases of LPF‐NT previously described in the literature.
Spatiotemporal analysis of Phytophthora infestans population diversity and disease risk in Great Britain
Authors: Torro‐Galiana Araceli , Cooke David E. L. , Skelsey Peter 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPhytophthora infestans (causal agent of potato late blight) populations are mainly clonal in Great Britain (GB), but sexual reproduction of the pathogen leads to the emergence of novel (non‐clonal) genotypes that may have traits such as new virulence or fungicide insensitivity that can make them more challenging to control. In this study, spatiotemporal variation in diversity of P. infestans across GB was mapped and investigated using ArcGIS software. Analysis of >2000 late blight outbreaks during 2006–2018 revealed 169 non‐clonal outbreaks in different postcode districts across GB. Statistically significant hot and cold spots of diversity were identified, as well as areas with an increasing trend in the occurrence of high diversity through time. These analyses provide the first quantitative evidence of space–time clustering of non‐clonal outbreaks of late blight in GB. The results will be used to guide future efforts to identify the drivers associated with increased genetic diversity of the late blight pathogen and improve management programmes for late blight in GB.
To the summit and beyond: Tracing the process and impact of collaborative performance summits
Authors: Douglas Scott , Ansell Chris 
Published: January 2023

AbstractInteractive routines such as collaborative performance summits are thought to help collaborating organizations assess and improve their performance. However, there is little systematic evidence to substantiate this claim. This study leverages a longitudinal dataset to examine the summit process and identify the difference between summits that have an impact on performance and those that do not. The study explicates the assumed causal process and traces 18 partnerships as they prepare, conduct, and follow‐up a summit. The analysis provides evidence for the positive impact of summits, but also shows that the process unfolds differently than expected. Neither the range of performance issues that actors bring to the summit nor the intentions for change they formulate at the end of the meeting are key differentiators. The hallmark of impactful summits emerges to be a large share of participants gaining comprehensive insights. These findings have implications for collaborative performance management research and practice.