bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Muscular Performance of the Elbow Flexor and Extensor Muscles in Children With Myopathies: A Case‐Control Study
Authors: Teixeira Cruz Karoliny Lisandra , Martins Emanuela Juvenal , Barboza Franco Camila Scarpino , Will de Lemos Tenysson , Gomes dos Santos Amanda Silva , Mattiello Stela Marcia , Ferreira da Rosa Sobreira Claudia , Mattiello‐Sverzut Ana Claudia 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackground and PurposeChildren with myopathies often experience muscle weakness in their lower limbs. However, the upper limbs are also affected and, at the same time, play a key role in daily living activities as well as in transfers and assisted mobility using auxiliary devices. The objective was to assess the performance of the elbow flexor and extensor muscles through static and dynamic contractions in children with myopathies and in their typical peers.MethodsThis was a case‐control study. Seven children with different myopathies participated and were matched with typical children by sex and age (1:2). The muscle performance of elbow flexors (EFL) and elbow extensors (EEX) was assessed using an isokinetic dynamometer using isometric and isokinetic contractions at a speed of 120°s‐1. The analyzed variables were peak torque (PT), total work (W), power (P), time to peak torque (TPT), acceleration time (AT), and deceleration time (DT). The raw variables were compared between groups using linear regression with mixed effects. A significance level of p < 0.05 was adopted.Results and DiscussionChildren with myopathies showed significantly lower values of PT, W, and P for both elbow muscle groups (p < 0.05) compared to typically developing children; TPT showed no difference between groups; and AT and DT were higher in children with myopathies than in typical ones (p < 0.05). Children with myopathies exhibited deficits in muscle performance, suggesting that the elbow muscles adopt atypical motor strategies, indicating impaired neuromuscular control. The isokinetic dynamometer is a device that can provide relevant information about muscle performance in this group of diseases.
Safety‐Critical Optimal Control of Discrete‐Time Non‐Linear Systems via Policy Iteration‐Based Q‐Learning
Authors: Long Lijun , Liu Xiaomei , Huang Xiaomin 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis paper investigates the problem of safety‐critical optimal control for discrete‐time non‐linear systems. A safety‐critical control algorithm is developed based on Q‐learning and an iterative adaptive dynamic programming, that is, policy iteration. Discrete‐time control barrier functions (CBFs) are introduced into the utility function for guaranteeing safety, in which a novel definition of the safe set and its boundary with multiple discrete‐time CBFs are given. Also, for discrete‐time systems, by using multiple discrete‐time CBFs, the safety‐critical optimal control problem of multiple safety objectives is addressed. Meanwhile, safety, convergence, and stability of the developed algorithm are rigorously demonstrated. An effective method to obtain an initial safety‐admissible control law is established. Also, the developed algorithm is implemented by building an actor‐critic structure with neural networks. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is illustrated by three simulation examples.
A Load‐Balancing Enhancement to Schedule‐Aware Bundle Routing
Authors: Kamps Jason J. , Palunčić Filip , Maharaj B. T. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTDelay‐ and disruption‐tolerant networking (DTN) enables communication in networks afflicted by long propagation delays and sporadic connectivity. DTN routing techniques such as schedule‐aware bundle routing (SABR) exist to route data bundles in deterministic networks, such as those found in deep‐space environments, where node contacts are predictable. This article begins with an overview of DTN architecture and SABR. SABR's method of final route selection (forwarding rules) is closely examined. The article then addresses a limitation of SABR whereby the algorithm may overlook parallel channels, leading to network congestion. To mitigate this, an enhancement is proposed. This enhancement aims to optimize data bundle distribution across candidate routes in networks with parallel channels, thus alleviating congestion and enhancing overall network performance. This is achieved with simple modifications to SABR's forwarding rules to avoid the concentration of data bundles on a minority of node contacts. The enhancement is demonstrated through simulations in a reference scenario implemented in DtnSim.
Dig into A Light in the Tower: A New Reckoning with Mental Health in Higher Education
Authors: Boon Sarah 
Published: January 2025

Mental health is a somewhat taboo topic in academia. As Katie Rose Guest Pryal, a bipolar and autistic author and academic, writes in her new book A Light in the Tower: A New Reckoning with Mental Health in Higher Education (University Press of Kansas), “Based on the logic of academia, if my brain is wrong, then everything about me is wrong.” She argues that mental disability is stigmatized in higher education and pushed into the shadows and that the key solution to the mental disability crisis — Pryal's preferred terminology — is to increase accessibility overall rather than just provide accommodations for faculty and students. This can decrease the stigma around their illnesses.
Self‐Cleaning Textiles Through Dyeing with Natural Dyes: An Eco‐friendly Approach
Authors: Makokha Wangatia Lodrick , Senelisile Moyo , Maziya Nombuso Faith , Makhanya Bukisile P. , Pinkie Zwane , Letsiwe Mabuza , Dumisile Mngometulu 
Published: January 2025

AbstractA photo catalytic self‐cleaning cotton fabric was prepared by dyeing cotton fabric with dye extracted from the turmeric plant. A simple one step batch process was used to dye the fabric. Methylene Blue (MB) dye has been used as a probe dye to test the self‐cleaning properties of the fabric dyed with turmeric. Optimization was done by using the Box–Behnken approach. Different parameters like the effect of pH, exposure time and dye concentration were analyzed. Under optimum conditions, a MB degradation efficiency of 61% was recorded with exposure time of 1.25 h, 3 g/l dye concentration and pH of 12. The dyed fabric stained using MB recorded a color change reduction of 10.18 when exposed to light, confirming the self‐cleaning property. The self‐cleaning properties of the dyed cotton fabric were characterized by UV–vis spectroscopy and calorimeter. The study showed that the potential of using natural dyes like turmeric to impart self‐cleaning properties to textiles, which can greatly contribute towards environmental protection if fully realized and applied in the textile industry.
Comparative Assessment of the Antibacterial Property of Cotton Fabric Coated with the Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesized Using Chemical and Green Approach
Authors: Kachare Kranti S. , Shendage Shital S. , Vhanbatte Shirishkumar B. , Mai Fu D. , Ghule Anil Vithal 
Published: January 2025

AbstractWorldwide, increasing pollution and bacterial infections are posing a serious risk to human well‐being and society. Clothing and textiles are the major pathways for the transmission and aggravation of infectious diseases. Thus, imparting antibacterial properties to the textiles is perceived with great interest. With this motivation, this study aims to fabricate durable antibacterial cotton fabrics to protect the wearer from pathogenic microorganisms. Herein, the synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) via chemical (ZOCM) and green (ZOGM) routes, which were eventually applied onto the cotton fabric using the padding‐drying‐curing technique. The synthesized ZnO NPs and ZnO‐deposited cotton fabrics were analyzed by various characterization techniques. Including UV–vis, FTIR, BET, XRD, SEM‐EDAX, and TGA analysis. Additionally, the antibacterial effectiveness, washing durability, and mechanical properties of finished cotton (ZOCMC, ZOGMC) and uncoated fabric were investigated. The results indicate that ZOGM and ZOGMC show higher antibacterial efficiency than ZOCM and ZOCMC. Moreover, TGA analysis reveals the amount of ZnO loading before and its retention after multiple washing cycles. ZOGMC exhibits good adherence of NPs and better washing durability than ZOCMC. This study underscores the significance of environmentally friendly green synthesis methods for producing ZnO NPs, showcasing the potential for advancement in healthcare textiles.
A Spectroscopic Reassessment of 2,6‐Diformyl‐4‐methyl Phenol and its Use as a Fluorescent Probe in Solution and Solid Phases
Authors: Das Akash , Bhattacharyya Arghyadeep , Guchhait Nikhil 
Published: January 2025

Abstract4‐methyl 2,6‐diformyl phenol (DFP) is widely used for constructing metal complexes as well as an array of chemosensors. However, the detailed photophysical understanding of DFP in various media and states of aggregation has not been explored. DFP shows an excellent dependence on solvent polarity to furnish varyingly emitting species, which were studied by steady state and time resolved emission spectroscopy. In lower polarity solvents the emission is from the keto form, whereas in polar aprotic and protic solvents the emission is by a cumulative contribution from the locally excited enol form, the anion as well as the keto form. In the solid state, the emission was due to the presence of various aggregated forms undergoing ESIPT to make it a yellow emitter. DFP could act as a ratiometric sensor for detecting water in THF and ACN (LOD∼ 0.4%). In neat water, DFP could detect Zn2+ upto 7.05 × 10−7 (M) by a ratiometric change in emission maximum from green to blue. DFP coated filter papers were utilized as reversible optical sensor for ammonia vapor using UV light and a smartphone‐based application. The sensing materialized due to ease of loss of ESIPT in DFP in polar/protic medium as well as in the presence of NH3.
Mn‐Doped CuO Nanostructure Films Based Gas Sensor for High Sensitive and Selective Formaldehyde Detection at a Room Temperature
Authors: Bhise Santhosh Laxman , Awale Mangesh Baburao , Jadhav Sandhya Anil , Lokhande Shweta Dnyaneshwar , Kathwate Lahu Hanmantrao , Dake Dnyaneshwar Vitthal , Raskar Nita Dnyaneshwar , Umadevi Godhavarti , Dole Babasaheb Nivrutti , Mote Vishwanath. D. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe development of an efficient gas‐sensing materials is crucial for applications in healthcare, industry, environmental monitoring, and agriculture. In this study, Mn‐doped CuO thin films were synthesized and evaluated for their gas‐sensing properties. The fabricated films exhibited a monoclinic CuO structure with (002) and (111) orientations, and their morphology reveals a uniform, spherical‐like crystalline distribution. Mn doping adjusts the optical bandgap from 2.11 eV to 2.03 eV. Compared with pure, 3% Mn‐doped CuO‐based sensor demonstrated a high response value of 82% to 20 ppm formaldehyde at room temperature with swift response and recovery times of 9 and 36 s, respectively. The high sensitivity and stability of these sensors make Mn‐doped CuO films a promising candidate for practical gas detection applications.
Surfing the Growth Parameters in the Quest for Low‐Power, Forming‐Free, and Highly Stable TiOx Memristors for Nanoscale Electronics
Authors: Hasina Dilruba , Mandal Aparajita , Srivastava Sanjeev Kumar , Mitra Anirban , Som Tapobrata 
Published: January 2025

AbstractUnderstanding the resistive switching (RS) behavior of oxide‐based memory devices at nanoscale is crucial for advancement of high‐integration density in‐memory computing platforms. This study explores a comprehensive growth parameter space to address the RS behavior of pulsed‐laser‐deposited substoichiometric TiO2 (TiOx) thin films in search of tailored nanoscale memristors with low‐power consumption and high stability. Conductive‐atomic‐force‐microscopy‐based measurements facilitate deciphering the switching behavior at nanoscale, providing a direct avenue to understand the microstructure–property relationships. The present investigation reveals that rutile TiOx in an optimal stoichiometric configuration exhibits superior RS attributes, enabling forming‐free, low‐power, and highly stable memory functionalities at nanoscale. By contrast, the expected formation of the Magnéli phase within a highly defective as‐grown TiOx film hinders the occurrence of switching. Detailed analyses yield a comprehensive parametric phase diagram, providing valuable insights to predict the optimal growth parameters for fabricating on‐demand TiOx‐based switching devices. As bulk RS attributes do not always translate seamlessly to the nanoscale, present study leads the pathway to develop tailored memristors for nanoscale electronics promoting their integration into ultrahigh‐density, low‐energy‐consuming advanced memory technologies across diverse disciplines including robotics, data storage, and sensing.
Interlayer Spacing Optimization Combined with Zinc‐Philic Engineering Fostering Efficient Zn2+ Storage of V2CTx MXenes for Aqueous Zinc‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Fan Yulong , Yao Xinyi , Wang Guoxin , Xie Yingying , Wu Tianli , Zhou Naigen , Wei Yen , Qu Guoxing 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAs emerging cutting‐edge energy storage technologies, aqueous zinc‐ion batteries (AZIBs) have garnered extensive research attention for its high safety, low cost, abundant raw materials, and, eco‐friendliness. Nevertheless, the commercialization of AZIBs is mainly limited by insufficient development of cathode materials. Among potential candidates, MXene‐based materials stand out as a promising option for their unique combination of hydrophilicity and conductivity. However, the low Zn2+ kinetics, structural instability, and narrow interlayer spacing of MXenes hinder its practical application. Comprehensively addressing these issues remains a challenge. Herein, different ion pre‐embedded V2CTx MXenes are constructed to tune interlayer spacing, with findings showing NH4+ pre‐intercalation is more effective. To accelerate kinetics, it is proposed for the first time a zinc‐philic engineering that can effectively reduce Zn2+ migration energy barrier, achieved by decorating the NH4+‐intercalated V2CTx (NH4‐V2CTx) with ZnO nanoparticles. Various analyses and theoretical calculations prove there is a strong coupling effect between ZnO and V2CTx, which notably boosts reaction kinetics and structural stability. The ZnO‐decorated NH4‐V2CTx exhibits a high reversible capacity of 256.58 mAh g−1 at 0.1 A g−1 and excellent rate capability (173.07 mAh g−1 at 2 A g−1). This study pioneers a zinc‐philic engineering strategy for the modification of cathode materials in AZIBs.
Cesium‐Based Molecular Perovskites With Superior Stability for High‐Performance X‐Ray Detection
Authors: Wu Liang , Wei Qingsong , Di Yiming , Chen Fuhai , Qiu Qiangwen , Shan Xin , Chen Yong , Liao Qing , Chen Hongming , Lin Mei‐Jin 
Published: January 2025

AbstractMetal‐free molecular perovskites have shown great potential for X‐ray detection due to their tunable chemical structures, low toxicity, and excellent photophysical properties. However, their limited X‐ray absorption and environmental instability restrict their practical application. In this study, cesium‐based molecular perovskites (MDABCO‐CsX3, X = Cl, Br, I) are developed by introducing Cs+ at the B‐site to enhance X‐ray absorption while retaining low toxicity. The effects of halide modulation on the physical properties and device performance are systematically investigated. Among the variants, MDABCO‐CsBr3 exhibited superior environmental stability, attributed to the optimal ionic radius and high chemical stability of Br−. This stability is further enhanced by a higher tolerance factor, which promotes a stable 3D cubic structure and suppresses ion migration within the crystal. Consequently, MDABCO‐CsBr3‐based X‐ray detectors demonstrated reduced ionic migration, minimal dark current drift, and a stable current response under X‐ray exposure, achieving a high sensitivity of 4124 µC Gy−1 cm−2 and a low detection limit of 0.45 µGy s−1. Moreover, the devices exhibit excellent thermal stability, operating effectively at temperatures up to 130 °C. These results highlight MDABCO‐CsBr3 as a promising candidate for stable and efficient X‐ray detection, expanding the applicability of molecular perovskites in advanced radiation detection technologies.
Ultrafast Synthesis of Hard Carbon Anodes for Sodium‐ion Batteries: An Intense‐Pulsed‐Light‐Assisted Approach to Photothermal Carbonization of Polymer/Carbon Nanotube Composite Films
Authors: Ryoo Gyeongbeom , Kim Mi‐Jeong , Kim Min Su , Shin Sunghyeon , Lee Jae‐Won , Kim Byeong Guk , Lee Do Geun , Kim Yujin , Seo Hyunjeong , Cho Joon Young , Han Joong Tark , Jeong Seung Yol , Kim Jungmo , Lee Dong Yun , Jeong Hee Jin , Park Jong Hwan 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe conventional carbonization process for synthesizing hard carbons (HCs) requires high‐temperature furnace operations exceeding 1000 °C, leading to excessive energy consumption and lengthy processing times, which necessitates the exploration of more efficient synthesis methods. This study demonstrates the rapid preparation of HC anodes using intense pulsed light (IPL)‐assisted photothermal carbonization without the prolonged and complex operations typical of traditional carbonization methods. A composite film of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) is carbonized at high temperatures in less than 1 min. The SWCNTs efficiently absorbed light energy, enabling ultrafast heating and eliminating the need for prolonged, high‐energy furnace‐based processes. The IPL‐assisted HC anodes exhibited excellent electrochemical performance, with an initial desodiation capacity of 260.4 mAh g⁻¹anode and 97.5% capacity retention after 200 cycles. These results are comparable to those achieved using traditional furnace‐based carbonization processes, such as carbonizing HC anodes at 1200 °C, validating the effectiveness of IPL‐assisted processes. Additionally, surface and structural analyses revealed the development of pseudo‐graphitic domains, crucial for enhanced sodium‐ion storage. This research highlights IPL‐assisted photothermal carbonization as a viable, time‐efficient, and energy‐saving alternative to conventional methods, offering a sustainable pathway for the large‐scale production of HC anodes for future sodium‐ion battery technologies.
Calcium Alginate Encapsulation of Rice Starch, Instead of a Physical Mixture of Both, Regulates the Fermentation Rate and Production of Acetate
Authors: Cao Senbin , Li Cheng 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTCalcium alginate–encapsulated rice starch (AES) could be potentially applied as a rice analog with a significantly improved amount of resistant starch, while its effects on gut microbiota remain less clear. To this end, structural characteristics of AES and their impact on gut microbiota, fermentation rate, and short‐chain fatty acid (SCFA) production were examined using an in vitro batch fermentation method. Cooked AES showed a significantly higher amount of intermolecular interactions (∼46 times), short‐range double helices, and degree of crystallinity compared to the simple mixture of rice starch and calcium alginate (Mix), resulting in a more homogenous and densely packed network microstructure. As a result, AES, instead of Mix, showed a significantly slower gas production rate (∼17%), while relatively higher production of SCFAs, especially the ratio of acetate. Bifidobacterium pesudocatenulatum was possibly responsible for the higher production of acetate in AES. Collectively, these results show that AES has the potential to be used as a slowly fermentable carbohydrate, favoring the production of acetate in the human colon.
Recent Advances in Electrolytes for Nonaqueous Lithium‐Oxygen Batteries
Authors: Chen Chunguang , Liu Jia , Liu Zhenqian , Xue Jiayi , Cui Xi , Liu Wenhan , Cheng Ping , Huang Tao , Yu Aishui 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis paper emphasizes the critical role of electrolyte selection in enhancing the electrochemical performance of nonaqueous Li‐O2 batteries (LOBs). It provides a comprehensive overview of various electrolyte types and their effects on the electrochemical performance for LOBs, offering insights for future electrolyte screening and design. Despite recent advancements, current electrolyte systems exhibit inadequate stability, necessitating the urgent quest for an ideal nonaqueous electrolyte. Such an electrolyte should demonstrate superior physicochemical and electrochemical stability, particularly in the presence of superoxide radicals (O2−), with high oxygen solubility, rapid diffusion rates, and the capability to form a stable SEI film on the lithium anode. The paper advocates for further research in three key areas: the selection of suitable electrolytes, the construction of stable electrode/electrolyte interfaces, and the mechanistic exploration of byproduct formation. Addressing these challenges will advance the development of electrolyte technology for LOBs, paving the way for its commercialization and broad application.
A Comprehensive Review on Advancements in Modification Strategies of Polymer Blends for Enhanced Carbon Dioxide Capture and Reuse
Authors: Chandramouli Manasa , Ningaiah Srikantamurthy , Basavanna Vrushabendra 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTCarbon dioxide (CO2) is emitted into the atmosphere through the combustion of fossil fuels and various industrial processes, and it is presently regarded as a significant factor in global warming. Carbon capture and storage (CCS) stands out as a prominent strategy put forward to address CO2 emissions. This study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of recent developments in CO2‐based polymers, focusing on sustainable biopolymers, including copolymers and polymer blends. A thorough analysis of CO2 co‐polymers as components in polymer blends is conducted, focusing on the capture of CO2. In recent years, carbon capture technology has attracted considerable focus as a strategy to mitigate the negative effects of increasing CO2 levels in the environment. The process of developing polymer blends entails merging two or more polymeric substances to harness their distinct advantages. This investigation assessed polyethylene glycol (PEG), polyether sulfone (PES), polyurethane (PU), and polyimide (PI) based on their chemical properties as promising polymer blends for the efficient separation of CO2. Advances in polymer blend modifications for improved CO2 capture and reuse are highlighted in this review, with a focus on strategies such as chemical functionalization (e.g., amine or hydroxyl groups), the utilization of porous materials, and the integration of hybrid systems, delving into CO2 adsorption efficiency, selectivity, and reusability. The paper also examines novel materials' potential for CO2‐to‐product conversion, such as bio‐based polymers and nano‐engineered blends. The main obstacles and potential paths for applications that are sustainable and scalable are described.
Identifying Human–Tiger Conflict Risk and Priority Management Areas in Laoyeling, Northeast China
Authors: Jin Yongchao , Liang Yuxiang , Yao Mingyuan , Kong Weiyao , Zhu Shibing , Roberts Nathan James , Wang Jing , Chen Hong , Zhang Minghai 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTRealizing coexistence between humans and tigers is an important initiative of tiger recovery in the world. To define the priority management areas (PMAs) to mitigate the human–tiger conflict (HTC) in Laoyeling, where 90% of China's Amur tiger population is living, we analyzed the distribution of tiger habitat and HTC risk, and delineated PMAs for HTC mitigation. The results indicated that 26.77% (1851 km2) of Laoyeling is the most suitable habitat for the Amur tiger. The high‐risk area for HTC covers an area of 1173 km2, of which 413 km2 is the most suitable habitat for tiger. Among the six PMAs, 374 km2 of 1398 km2 are located outside protected areas and need to strengthen conservation and management. Our research can contribute to improving the management effectiveness of HTC in Laoyeling and promoting the recovery of the Amur tiger in China.