bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Introduction
Authors: Kalaycioglu Elif 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The International Criminal Court’s prosecution of al-Mahdi for the destruction of Sufi shrines in Timbuktu suggests that humanity and its shared memory have moral and juridical standing in global politics. That standing, importantly, was tethered to the World Heritage regime’s designation of certain cultural sites as humanity’s shared heritage. But what does it mean to produce a shared cultural history of humanity, and what do those efforts produce in the world? This chapter lays out the book’s analysis of the productive politics of World Heritage across three visions of humanity, with a focus on resulting social and political orders. It places the book in conversation with the interdisciplinary scholarship on World Heritage, and outlines its contributions to International Relations (IR) debates on humanity’s global politics, global politics of culture, and the regime’s relevance for thinking about the liberal international order.
Humanity is What States Make of It?
Authors: Kalaycioglu Elif 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This chapter analyzes the World Heritage regime (2010–2022) under the shadow of broader global political dynamics, which include the assertion of state wills and the contestation of liberal visions in a context of multipolarity. In this context, a new iteration of humanity emerged as a diverse community that is adequately represented by an aggregation of states, with previously analyzed visions of humanity also still in circulation. Humanity, I posit, endures as the subject that makes possible states’ claims to more-than-national cultural and historical value, and as the subject in relation to which global political visions are adjudicated and launched. Further, what upholds this third iteration of humanity, against objections within and beyond the regime, are the institutional infrastructures that continue to produce the List of World Heritage sites with universal value. The chapter concludes with implications of this period’s politics of humanity for peace and solidarity by focusing on the nominations for the Silk Roads and the Bikini Atoll Nuclear Test Site, and recent debates on interpretive practices.
The Target Phenomenon
Authors: Salje Léa 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Chapter 1 sets out the target phenomenon of articulatory self-knowledge in theory-neutral terms. It does this by using an extended example to identify a three-part epistemic-phenomenological structure in common to all cases of the articulatory self-knowledge. This structure is offered as definitional of our target phenomenon. With the target phenomenon on the table, the chapter then elucidates the philosophical task ahead. This will look different for so-called inflationist accounts (that posit a complete and determinate thought at the onset of the phenomenon) and deflationist accounts (that don’t). The chapter ends by saying something briefly about the space of positions to be considered over the next three chapters.
Conversation
Authors: Salje Léa 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Chapter 6 investigates the cognitive benefits we can gain from engaging in conversation with others. It makes the case for three such benefits: information transmission (the gaining and imparting of information), rational answerability (the felt pressure towards only expressing content one is willing to expose to external scrutiny), and articulatory explicitation (the felt pressure towards putting one’s thoughts into words). The third of these results in a social version of the phenomenon of articulatory self-knowledge. I argue that the social version of our target phenomenon is the primary one, and one that couldn’t be easily intersubstituted by a non-human source of articulatory pressure. It turns out that we need one another to cognitively flourish. The last section of the chapter considers how this social good of conversation is distributed among different groups.
Art
Authors: Salje Léa 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Chapter 7 develops a framework for thinking about articulatory self-knowledge in cases in which it results not in a natural language utterance, but in artistic self-expression. It does this by offering a definition of the key relation of paraphrase holding between the input thought and its outward expression that does not stipulatively exclude the possibility of non-(literal-)verbal expression. It then makes a positive case for the claim that artworks can sometimes play the stabilising cognitive role that is played in the canonical case of articulatory self-knowledge by natural language sentences. The rest of the chapter defends this extension of the moderate deflationist view of articulatory self-knowledge from a number of objections, and illustrates the proposed extension with an extended example.
Care home quality and ‘inappropriate’ emergency healthcare use—failing to engage with complexity
Authors: Harrad-Hyde Fawn , Burton Jennifer Kirsty 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Care home residents are more likely to experience unplanned, emergency healthcare than those living elsewhere in the community. This can be potentially burdensome for both individual residents and healthcare systems. Academic and policy attention has focussed on quantifying this resource use, exploring potential causes and reducing unplanned emergency healthcare. Considerable attention has been placed on emergency healthcare that may be ‘inappropriate’ or ‘avoidable’. In this commentary, we problematise such concepts. We suggest that the absence of an agreed definition can lead to wide variation in estimations which fail to acknowledge the complexity of care home residents’ needs and their right to timely healthcare support. We draw attention to the impact of popular discourse in this area as potentially stigmatising to care home organisations, staff and residents. We argue that emergency healthcare use data alone is insufficient to measure and evaluate the quality of care provided by care homes. We propose a move away from over-simplistic distinctions, between emergency healthcare that is or is not ‘appropriate’, to develop more nuanced conceptualisations that account for the complexity involved in providing healthcare support to people living in care homes. People living in care homes have significant healthcare needs. It is necessary that models of care supporting homes are resourced to respond and support care home professionals. Rather than focusing solely on quantifying emergency healthcare use, acknowledging and embracing complexity will help to refocus our efforts and redesign our services around both individual and population needs, rather than around existing systems.
18 iNPWT versus standard dressing on groin surgical incisions after revascularization surgery: PICO-vasc randomised trial
Authors: Lorenzo Laura Rodriguez , Cañas Elena Gonzalez , Madrazo Gonzalez Zoilo , Salto Eduardo Arrea , Gimenez Gaibar Antonio , Radua Jana Merino 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objective
This study assessed the potential benefit of applying incisional negative pressure wound therapy (iNPWT) in patients undergoing revascularisation due to peripheral arterial disease.

Design
A prospective, randomised, controlled trial was conducted comparing the inguinal application of iNPWT versus standard surgical dressing. Patients were enrolled from February, 2021 to November, 2022.

Methods
One hundred and thirty-three groin incisions were randomised (66 intervention group, 67 control group). Randomisation sequence was carried out by permuted blocks and allocation assigned by opening opaque envelopes once the revascularisation procedure finished. Wound healing and complication rates were assessed at postoperative days 5, 14 and 30. The primary and secondary endpoints were: 30-day postoperative surgical site infection (SSI) and surgical site occurrence (SSO) rates, defined as surgical wound complication other than SSI. Postoperative SSI was defined according to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) criteria. SSO included: wound dehiscence, seroma or lymphocele, haematoma, and lymphorrhagia. The study was registered at ClinicalTrails.gov database (NCT04840576) and reported according to the CONSORT guidelines.

Results
iNPWT did not alter the 30-day inguinal SSI and SSO rates (16.7% versus 20.9%, P = 0.53 and 37.9% versus 44.8%, P = 0.42, respectively). The use of iNPWT showed a reduction in early-SSO rate (19.7% versus 35.8%, RR 1.45, 95% c.i. 1.047–2.013), wound dehiscence (0% versus 6%, P = 0.044) and postoperative seroma (4.6% versus 19.4%, P = 0.014).

Conclusion
Inguinal postoperative use of iNPWT proved to be an effective preventive tool, with significant reductions in early-SSO rate, wound dehiscence, seroma, but did not alter the 30-day SSI and SSO rates.
27 Reduction of the duration of antibiotic therapy in surgery through a specific nationwide stewardship program. A prospective cohort study (2019–2022)
Authors: Batlle Maria , Hernández Sergi , Padulles Ariadna , Boix-Palop Lucia , Giménez Montserat , Garcia Maria Pilar , Grau Santiago , Horcajada Juan P , Badia Josep M 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Aim
Prolonged antibiotic treatments contribute to increasing antimicrobial resistance. Current guidelines recommend 5–7 days of treatment in patients with surgical infection with an adequate source control. Antibiotic stewardship aim to optimize the use of antibiotics, including their duration. The 7VINCut nationwide intervention aims to reduce the duration of treatments to &lt;7 days in surgical patients.

Methods
Prospective cohort study conducted in 37 hospitals in 2019–2022. Patients admitted to surgical services with antibiotic treatment &gt;7 days were analysed. The 7VINCut teams met weekly and made written recommendations in the electronic medical record. Indication for treatment, quality of source control, type of antibiotics, recommendations issued, and adherence to them were analysed. Temporal trends in the percentages of patients admitted with antibiotic treatment and those with treatment &gt;7 days were evaluated using a linear regression model and Pearson's correlation coefficients.

Results
44 702 patients with antibiotic treatment were examined. Of these, 6163 (13.8%) had treatments &gt;7 days. A total of 5606 stewardship interventions were performed (90% of the target population), primarily in general surgery (5704; 90%) and urology (497; 8.9%). The main sources of infection were intra-abdominal (73%), skin/soft tissues (10%) and urinary (9.3%). The septic focus was considered controlled only in 60.2% of cases. Out of 6236 antibiotic prescriptions, the most frequently analysed drugs were piperacillin/tazobactam (27.1%), metronizadole (14.4%), amoxicillin/clavulanate (12.9%), meropenem (12.8%), ceftriaxone (11.6%) and ciprofloxacin (8.1%). Antibiotics with a high ecological impact account for 68.3% of the prescriptions evaluated. The main issued recommendations were: treatment discontinuation (34.1%), maintenance (41.0%) or de-escalation (15.3%), and were followed in 5179 cases (adherence 92.4%). With an adequate source control, the most frequent recommendation was to terminate treatment (49.6%, 1673 cases). Throughout the study period, a significant decrease in the percentage of prolonged treatments was observed (−40.1%, Pc = −0.39; P = 0.006).

Conclusions
The 7VINCut program, including surgeons in the multidisciplinary antibiotic stewardship teams, achieved a reduction in antibiotic treatments lasting over 7 days in surgical departments. The majority of stewardship interventions were carried out in general surgery departments, in cases of intra-abdominal infection and in beta-lactam and carbapenem antibiotics. Overall adherence to the recommendations issued by the teams was 92.4%.
28 The effect of the number of operating room door openings on surgical site infection risk: an individual patient data meta-analysis
Authors: Groenen Hannah , Jalalzadeh Hasti , Bontekoning Nathan , Orsini Ricardo G , Eskes Anne M , de Jonge Stijn W , Wolfhagen Niels , Hannink Gerjon , Boermeester Marja A 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
The effect of the number of door openings in the operating room (OR) on surgical site infections (SSI) risk remains a controversial topic. Many SSI prevention bundles include a restriction on the maximum number of door openings as intervention, often to ten per hour. However, existing evidence is limited and heterogeneous. This individual participant data (IPD) meta-analysis aims to evaluate the effect of the number of door openings in the OR on SSI occurrence.

Methods
We searched MEDLINE (Pubmed) and Embase (Ovid) up to 15 January 2024, for studies investigating the effect of the number of door openings on SSI incidence. Authors of eligible studies were invited to collaborate. IPD were merged and analysed with a logistic regression model with mixed-effects. This study is registered with PROSPERO, CRD42022309958.

Findings
IPD from eight observational studies, encompassing 4412 patients, revealed a 6.0% overall SSI incidence. The logistic regression model with mixed-effects indicated a difference in SSI risk for each extra door opening per hour (OR 1.01 [95% c.i. 1.004–1.02]; very low certainty of evidence). To enhance the practical applicability, door openings were categorised. Inconclusive evidence was found regarding SSI risk difference for 10 to 31.7 door openings per hour (OR 1.11 [95% c.i. 0.77–1.59]) compared to 10 or fewer. While for more than 31.7 door openings per hour (OR 1.52 [95% c.i. 1.02–2.26]) a conclusive difference in SSI risk was found compared to 10 or fewer.

Interpretation
Very low certainty of evidence indicated a marginal increase in SSI risk for each extra door opening per hour. However, a restriction on the number of door openings in the OR to a maximum of 10 per hour has little to no effect on SSI risk.

Funding
This systematic review is funded by the Dutch Stichting Kwaliteitsgelden Medisch Specialisten (SKMS, Foundation Quality Funds Medical Specialists).
7 Predictive factors of complicated appendicitis in children
Authors: Pereyaslov Andriy , Sodoma Oleg , Stenyk Roman , Malovanyy Bohdan 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Acute appendicitis represents one of the most common abdominal surgical emergency among pediatric population. Complicated appendicitis (gangrenous, perforated) is an extremely severe clinical situation because misdiagnosis led to delayed treatment and the development of complications, such as peritonitis, sepsis, bowel obstruction, and abscess formation. By that, clear pre-operative identification patients with complicated appendicitis are challenging. The aim of this study was to evaluate the different scoring systems and laboratory markers for the prediction of complicated appendicitis at admission. A retrospective medical records review of 1693 patients with acute appendicitis from 2017 to 2022 was performed. All patients divided on two groups: first with simple appendicitis (1167 patients) and second with complicated form (526 patients). Data analyzed included appendicitis inflammatory response score (AIRS) and pediatric appendicitis score (PAS), white blood cell (WBC) count, neutrophil count, neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR), C-reactive protein (CRP) level, and sodium plasma level. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve with the area under the curve (AUC), specificity, sensitivity, positive prognostic value (PPV), negative prognostic value (NPV), and likelihood ratio (LR) were determined for all these markers. ROC analysis showed that for discriminating between complicated and simple appendicitis the high predictive value had NLR (AUC—0.848, sensitivity—90.3%, specificity—89.9%, PPV—98.9%, NPV—46.6%, LR(±)—8.94/0.11), low sodium level (AUC—0.801, sensitivity—90.3%, specificity—84.0%, PPV—98.5%, NPV—27.5%, LR(±)—5.21/0.21), and AIRS (AUC—0.774, sensitivity—82.0%, specificity—70.9%, PPV—98.2%, NPV—17.1%, LR(±)—2.82/0.25). WBC, neutrophil count, CRP level, and PAS had limited value for the pre-operative distinguishing complicated appendicitis. Thus, NLR, sodium plasma level, and AIRS permit with the high degree of reliability preoperatively select patients with suspected complicated appendicitis. Moreover, these markers is not expensive to measure, is easily available, and the short time required for analysis is valuable in the emergency department.
38 Optimising infected evisceration with NPWTi and mesh mediate closure—a hernia should no longer be accepted as reasonable result
Authors: Johnston Magnus , Kovacs Luca Kovacs , Damaskos Dimitrios , Zanellato Artur 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
The infected open surgical abdomen can pose a considerable challenge and often requires multiple stage operations with a combination of temporary and definitive closure techniques with the aim to prevent long-term morbidity caused by the loss of abdominal domain. There is a great range of options of techniques for both temporary abdominal closure commonly the Bogota bag, vacuum-assisted closure (VAC) and similarly with definitive reconstruction such as the use of mesh and components separation. In our case we aimed to demonstrate the use of a novel, modern approach to the closure of a complex infected abdominal wall dehiscence using a negative pressure Negative Pressure Wound Therapy With Instillation (NPWTi ) in association with Abthera@ system.

Case Report
A 50 year-old presented with a gangrenous caecal volvulus on the background of severe sarcopenia and hypoalbuminaemia. The patient underwent an emergency right hemicolectomy with an end ileostomy. The abdominal wound became infected and also developed large bilateral flank collections with positive yeast and vancomycin-resistant enterococcus which resulted in a day 8 wound dehiscence managed with laparostomy and negative pressure (Abthera). On the third operation the peritonitis and sepsis had improved, ergo the open abdomen and loss of domain was thus managed with mesh mediated traction with NPWTi (negative pressure wound therapy with installation) to aid removal of contamination, closure and granulation of mesh whilst protecting from mesh infection. In the 4th intervention, the mesh was trimmed and tightened for gradual closure. On the subsequent washouts the midline reached the point of easy closure with minimal tension. The closure was obtained by suturing both mesh and midline with 2-0 poliproleme. The mesh became intimately attached to aponeurosis and rectus muscle with subsequent granulation tissue allowing skin was closed with NPWT.

Educational Highlights
Normal polipropelene was successfully used for closure of infected wound dehiscence.Severely sarcopenic patient had a successful closure and no hernia was found on 1.5 years follow-up so far.

Conclusions
Usually an infected evisceration is seen as such difficult complication that leaving the abdomen open to heal by second intention and treat the hernia after several months is usually an accepted measure worldwide, but most of the times the hernia became a chronic disease with several recurrences and complex operations. The use of negative pressure with instillation can be seen to improve healing time, removal of contamination and reduce the potential risk of developing incisional hernia. Although an initial short follow up, it is expect with this technique that hernia formation should be avoided.
Outcomes of Patients with Cancer Admitted with Heart Failure-Associated Cardiogenic Shock
Authors: Liu Olivia , Soo Steven , Bloom Michelle , Alvarez-Cardona Jose , Katz Jason N , Cheng Richard K , Yang Eric H , Leiva Orly 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Acute decompensated heart failure (HF) can progress to cardiogenic shock, and patients with cancer are at an increased risk of HF compared to patients without cancer. However, limited data exist on outcomes of patients admitted for HF-related cardiogenic shock (HF-CS) with cancer versus without cancer.

Methods
Adult patients admitted for HF-CS between 2014-2020 were identified using the National Readmission Database. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to match 1 patient with cancer to 10 patients without cancer. Primary outcomes were in-hospital death, major bleeding, and thrombotic complications. Exploratory outcomes were 90-day readmission rates among patients who survived initial hospitalization. Temporal trends were also explored.

Results
Of 137,316 admissions for HF-CS, 7,306 (5.3%) had active cancer. After PSM, patients with cancer had increased odds of in-hospital death (OR 1.12, 95% CI 1.06 - 1.18), thrombotic complications (OR 1.12, 95% CI 1.03 - 1.21), and major bleeding (OR 1.23, 95% CI 1.17 - 1.31) compared to patients without cancer, with risks differing by cancer type. In exploratory analyses, rates of readmission were similar for patients with and without cancer. From 2014-2020, patients with cancer had no significant change in in-hospital mortality (ptrend = 0.43), while patients without cancer had decreased mortality over time (ptrend &lt; 0.001).

Conclusions
Among patients admitted for HF-CS, patients with cancer are at increased risk of in-hospital death, thrombotic complications, and major bleeding compared to patients without cancer. Future studies are needed to guide nuanced evaluation and management of this population to improve outcomes.
Rare ZMPSTE24 variants increase risk of hypertriglyceridemia and metabolic syndrome
Authors: Le Collen Lauriane , Desgrouas Camille , Lukas Croisier Céline , Creugnet Brunot , Dechaume Aurélie , Toussaint Bénédicte , Vaillant Emmanuel , Amanzougarene Souhila , Buse Falay Emmanuel , Derhourhi Mehdi , Lourdelle Alexandre , Delemer Brigitte , Bonello-Palot Nathalie , Vaxillaire Martine , Badens Catherine , Froguel Philippe , Bonnefond Amélie 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objective
The global increase in the prevalence of metabolic syndrome represents a significant public health concern. Rare biallelic pathogenic variants in ZMPSTE24 have been identified as the cause of mandibuloacral dysplasia type B, i.e. a lipodystrophy syndrome associated with metabolic complications. The role of monoallelic pathogenic variants in ZMPSTE24 concerning metabolic syndrome remains uncertain.

Design
Case report and systematic review of literature.

Methods
We investigated a Wallisian family with FPLD and metabolic syndrome via whole-exome sequencing. We performed functional analyses of an identified rare ZMPSTE24 variant. To broadly assess the effect of heterozygous pathogenic ZMPSTE24 variants on FPLD-associated phenotypes, and metabolic syndrome, we used the Human Gene Mutation Database [HGMD] and 200K exome data from UK Biobank.

Results
We investigated a Wallisian family where a 40-year-old female with metabolic syndrome was found to carry a rare heterozygous missense variant in ZMPSTE24. Functional assays showed a decreased prelamin to lamin A maturation and accelerated senescence. In silico analysis demonstrated that this variant might disrupt the lamin A binding site. We then analyzed the impact of monoallelic pathogenic ZMPSTE24 variants on metabolic traits using data from the HGMD and the UK Biobank. In HGMD, ZMPSTE24 variants carriers presented with dyslipidemia and hepatic steatosis. In the UK Biobank, monoallelic pathogenic variants were associated with an increased risk of hypertriglyceridemia, with a trend toward metabolic syndrome.

Conclusions
This study underscores the association of ZMPSTE24 rare variants with metabolic disorders and emphasizes the need for further research to clarify their clinical implications.