bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring Economic Conflict Through the Gravitational Field Model of Trade: Markets, Wars, and Instability
Authors: Capoani Luigi , Tudorache Alexandru , Barlese Alessandro 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBuilding on Walter Isard's location and gravity theories in economics, we extend his trade model to better understand its core principles, including commercial attraction, center of gravity in markets, and favorable location for exporting firms. This extended model highlights the importance of trade agreements, free trade zones, and markets for national development. Additionally, we incorporate concepts of peace and conflicts in economics, applying these to trade and integrating them with the idea of gravitational fields in economics. Regarding this, we develop an analysis based on NUTS2. Our refined theory of conflict for markets suggests that competing states can develop either military or political strategies to counteract the positive effects of their adversaries' markets and international trade.
Substitution Pattern of the Secondary Rim of ICyD Ligand Influences Stereoselectivity
Authors: Xu Guangcan , Bistri‐Aslanoff Olivia , Mouriès‐Mansuy Virginie , Fensterbank Louis , Zhang Yongmin , Roland Sylvain , Sollogoub Matthieu 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe synthesis and evaluation of N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC)‐capped cyclodextrins with various protecting groups were carried out. The corresponding gold complexes catalyze the stereoselective cycloisomerization of enynes. Permethylation of the cyclodextrin's hydroxyl groups improves yield and selectivity compared to its benzylated counterpart. Notably, alternating methyl and benzyl groups on the secondary rim of the cyclodextrin further enhances asymmetry, achieving even higher enantioselectivities. To synthesize this compound, we optimized the selective deprotection of all benzyl groups at the 2‐position of the sugar residues in the cyclodextrin.
Cost‐Effectiveness Analysis of Family‐Based Treatment With Additional Home Treatment for Adolescent Anorexia Nervosa
Authors: Mayr Lena Maria , Besse‐Flütsch Nicole , Smigielski Lukasz , Walitza Susanne , Pauli Dagmar 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveFamily‐based treatment (FBT) is promising for treating adolescents with anorexia nervosa, but long‐term remission rates are modest. Home treatment (HT) as a supplement to FBT aims to enhance sustainability and effectiveness by supporting recovery within the family. This study compares the cost‐effectiveness of FBT alone versus FBT with additional HT for adolescents with anorexia nervosa.MethodThis cost‐effectiveness analysis is based on a non‐randomized pilot study, which examined the effectiveness of HT for adolescents with anorexia nervosa, disregarding the financial aspects. HT involved therapeutic interventions delivered in the patient's home environment, while FBT involved structured therapy sessions at the psychiatric clinic. Data from 61 patients were analysed, with 40 receiving FBT + HT and 21 receiving FBT only. Costs included FBT sessions, HT sessions, and inpatient treatment. Effectiveness was measured by weight restoration at thresholds of expected body weight (EBW) > 85% and EBW > 95%.ResultsFBT + HT promoted greater weight restoration within three months compared to FBT alone (70% vs. 52% at EBW > 85%; 38% vs. 29% at EBW > 95%). FBT + HT was more cost‐effective, with lower average costs per patient meeting weight restoration criteria (8243 vs. 20,446 Swiss francs at EBW > 85%; 15,387 vs. 37,485 Swiss francs at EBW > 95%). Inpatient treatment accounted for most of the cost, with FBT + HT reducing hospitalisation needs.ConclusionsFBT with additional HT is a more cost‐effective treatment for adolescents with anorexia nervosa. Although the cost‐effectiveness index was relatively high, effective treatment could reduce the long‐term burdens of this disorder. Larger long‐term studies are needed to validate these findings and assess sustained cost‐effectiveness.
Multi‐Objective Task Scheduling in Cloud IoT Environments Using Differential Evaluation for Big Data Processing
Authors: Pal Souvik , Kumar Raghvendra , Alkhayyat Ahmed Hussein 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn Cloud IoT environments, efficient task scheduling is critical for optimizing resource utilization, reducing latency, and enhancing overall system performance. However, current methods struggle to balance the diverse demands of such environments. This paper presents the Multi‐Objective Task Scheduling in Cloud IoT Environments (MOTS‐CIoTE) framework, which controls K‐means clustering and the Differential Evolutionary (DE) algorithm to optimize resource allocation and minimize task completion time. Our approach achieves significant improvements across key metrics: The system has a total throughput of 827 (tasks per second), a latency of 14.13 ms, a resource contention of 0.33%, an energy efficiency of 0.48 (Joules per task), and a cost‐effectiveness of 3.58. The results highlight the considerable potential of MOTS‐CIoTE in tackling the intricacies of Cloud IoT environments and augmenting their efficacy, hence facilitating more efficient resource allocation and boosting user satisfaction.
Synthesis and Characterization of a Nanoclay Reinforced Gelatin‐Based Hybrid Hydrogel
Authors: Sakr Mahmoud A. , Siddiqua Sumi , Shin Su Ryon , Kim Keekyoung 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBentonite clay nanoparticles assume a pivotal role in 3D bioprinting and tissue engineering by augmenting the mechanical rigidity and biological efficacy of hydrogels. In this investigation, Span80 was employed as a surfactant to facilitate the synthesis of uniformly sized bentonite nanoparticles measuring approximately 700 nm in diameter. The resultant hybrid hydrogel displaced a marked increase in compressive modulus, achieving a peak value of 17.5 kPa, including 1% bentonite twice that of the unmodified gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA). The discernible enhancements in the physical and biological characteristics of the hydrogel underscore its considerable potential for applications in tissue engineering. This includes heightened mechanical rigidity, robust cell viability, and a meticulously regulated degradation rate. While further examinations are imperative to evaluate the viability of the developed hydrogel comprehensively, its auspicious physical and biological attributes strongly suggest its potential utility in the domain of tissue engineering and bioprinting.
Ultrasound‐assisted sol–gel synthesis of N‐TiO2, Fe‐TiO2, and TiO2 with application in treatment of a commercial effluent
Authors: Dey Ananya , Vashishtha Lakshay , Gogate Parag R 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBACKGROUNDNitrogen doped titanium dioxide (N‐TiO2), iron doped titanium dioxide (Fe‐TiO2), and undoped titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanocatalysts were synthesized using sol–gel method aided with ultrasound (US). The effects of duty cycle, US‐power, and US irradiation time on catalyst characteristics were investigated so as to establish the best synthesis conditions.RESULTSThe optimum parameters for minimum mean size of catalyst particles were 60% duty cycle, 100 W power, and 20 min as irradiation time. X‐Ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed that the primary phase of all nanocatalysts was anatase with crystallite size as 46.29 nm, 54.32 nm, and 56.17 nm for N‐TiO2, Fe‐TiO2, and undoped TiO2, respectively. Field electron scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM) images confirmed that N‐TiO2 is a mixture of TiO2 microspheres and rice‐like structures whereas Fe‐TiO2 and undoped TiO2 were spherical. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) study showed that both N‐TiO2 and Fe‐TiO2 exhibited minor shifts to lower binding energies when compared to the spectra of undoped TiO2. The application studies for obtained catalysts using simple ultrasonic horn and disc horn coupled with oxidants revealed best results (51.67% reduction in COD) using disc horn for N‐TiO2 catalyst obtained using ultrasound at pH of 12 and addition of a 20 mL per L−1 dose of H2O2.CONCLUSIONDoping TiO2 with metal and non‐metal ions coupled with using ultrasound in synthesis improved the catalytic activity with maximum COD reduction of commercial effluent obtained for disk horn + N‐TiO2 + H2O2 based approach. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
The Relationship Between ADAMTS‐4 and ADAMTS‐5 Enzyme Levels in Patients With Degenerative Disc Disease: A Prospective Biochemical Study
Authors: Tuncer Cansu , Eminoğlu Emin Mehmet , Yağlı Ömer Emre , Baş Gülçin , Topal Ahmet Sancar , Onur Ece , Özdemir Habib , Yılmaz Şemsi Güliz , Ovalı Gülgün Yılmaz , Temiz Cüneyt 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTStudy DesignProspective biochemical study of comparison of A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase with Thrombospondin motifs‐4 (ADAMTS‐4) and A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase with Thrombospondin motifs 5 (ADAMTS5) levels in preoperative and postoperative venous blood, as well as in disc tissue obtained during surgery, in patients undergoing surgery for intervertebral disc disease, with enzyme levels in venous blood from a control group.ObjectiveTo compare the levels of ADAMTS‐4 and ADAMTS‐5 between patients with degenerative intervertebral discs and a healthy control group, aiming to identify biomarkers associated with intervertebral disc degeneration.LiteratureAlthough numerous studies have investigated the relationship between ADAMTS‐4 and ADAMTS‐5 enzymes and degeneration in experimental rat models and human tissues, no study has correlated their serum levels with intervertebral disc degeneration.Method and MaterialsVenous blood samples were obtained preoperatively and postoperatively from 41 patients (age: 42 ± 9.7 years, range 20–63) diagnosed with intervertebral disc disease. The affected disc levels were L4‐L5 in 22 patients and L5‐S1 in 19 patients. These patients were selected based on surgical indications due to radicular pain that persisted after an adequate course of conservative management, without any non‐neurological deficit. Disc tissue samples were also obtained during surgery. Additionally, venous blood samples were collected from a control group with no diagnosed diseases, and lumbar MRIs of the control group showed no significant signs of degeneration. ADAMTS‐4 and ADAMTS‐5 levels were measured using the ELISA method on samples obtained after centrifugation of the collected blood and tissue specimens.ResultsThe level of ADAMTS‐4 in patient serum was found to be lower compared to the control group, while the level of ADAMTS‐5 was higher in the patient serum and lower in the control group.ConclusionElevated levels of ADAMTS‐5 in the blood may be associated with intervertebral disc degeneration.
Efficient Emission of Lanthanide Ion in Double Perovskite Nanocrystals Enabled by Synergistic Effect of Energy Level Modulation and Crystal‐Field Engineering
Authors: Bai Songchao , Pan Gencai , Li Chao , Wang Yinhua , Li Xueguo , Wang Jiwei , Yang Gang , Zhu Yongsheng 
Published: January 2025

AbstractTrivalent lanthanide (Ln3+) ions with ladderlike 4f energy levels, as dopants, can endow luminescent matrix with more diverse optoelectronic properties, and a wider application. However, their luminescent intensity is usually limited by the parity forbidden transition rule and the energy level mismatch between the host and dopant. Herein, Ln3+ ions doped Cs2Na1‐xKxY0.97Sb0.03Cl6 nanocrystals (NCs) are prepared, and the photoluminescence quantum yields of all samples with visible and near‐infrared emissions have surprisingly reached over 50%, therein, the value of Tb3+ doped Cs2Na0.6K0.4Y0.97Sb0.03Cl6 NCs is dramatically up to 83.3%, which is a new breakthrough in the field of lead‐free perovskite NCs. From the first principles calculations, crystal structure, and spectroscopic analysis, this benefits from the synergistic effect of deformation energy levels provided by Sb3+ ions doping and crystal field environment distortion induced K+ ions doping. That is, the localized distortion of the crystal field induced by K+ ions doping causes energy level splitting of Sb3+ ions, resulting in more effective energy transfer efficiency from the host to Ln3+ ions, simultaneously introducing opposite odd parity, and breaking the forbidden transition rule, promoting luminescence intensity of Ln3+ ions. This work will open a route to develop efficient Ln3+ ions doped luminescent materials.
Clinical and Electrophysiological Characteristics of 23 French Patients With Neurolymphomatosis
Authors: Asmani Dylan , Chanson Jean‐Baptiste , Tard Céline , Svahn Juliette , Pegat Antoine , Magot Armelle , Péréon Yann , Camdessanché Jean‐Philippe , Naudin Samuel , Colin Olivier , Taieb Guillaume , Coulibaly Idrissa , Magy Laurent , Frachet Simon 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIntroduction/AimsNeurolymphomatosis is a hematological condition defined by the direct infiltration of malignant lymphomatous cells into the peripheral nervous system. Since nerve conduction studies may disclose demyelinating features, clinicians may misdiagnose neurolymphomatosis as chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP). This study aimed to determine whether patients with neurolymphomatosis met the 2021 revised criteria for CIDP.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 23 patients with primary or secondary neurolymphomatosis from nine French hospitals. We analyzed whether patients with a diagnosis of neurolymphomatosis met the 2010 and 2021 CIDP criteria.Results152 motor nerves were analyzed, and conduction blocks were found in 13.8% of them. Eight patients (34.7%) demonstrated at least one conduction block. Other demyelinating parameters fulfilling the 2021 CIDP criteria were rare, including reduced conduction velocities (1.7%), prolonged distal motor latencies (3%), absent F‐waves (12.4%), and prolonged F‐wave latencies (7.7%). Five patients met the 2010 CIDP criteria, whereas only one met the 2021 CIDP criteria.DiscussionDemyelinating features are rare in neurolymphomatosis, and a conduction block is the most frequent abnormality. Consequently, only one patient met the 2021 criteria for CIDP diagnosis. This is likely attributable to the inclusion of sensory criteria. Furthermore, the new criteria emphasize the importance of identifying red flags, such as pain or monoclonal gammopathy, which could suggest an alternative diagnosis to CIDP. Clinicians should consider neurolymphomatosis in patients who present with red flags or atypical CIDP.
Pilot functional magnetic resonance imaging study of clemastine‐aided functional recovery on a mouse model of demyelination
Authors: Egimendia Ander , de la Pisa Irati L. , Padro Daniel , Colás Lorena , Plaza‐García Sandra , Otaegui David , Ramos‐Cabrer Pedro 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundMultiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic demyelinating disease characterized by autoimmune attacks on myelin sheaths. Its deleterious effects may be reversed by remyelination, a process that restores the integrity of myelin sheaths and, consequently, neuronal function. However, the functional implications of demyelination and remyelination in MS, as well as the potential impact of therapeutic interventions, remain incompletely understood. We used noninvasive longitudinal resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging in a cuprizone murine model of demyelination to investigate these unsolved questions.MethodsThree groups of (n = 6) animals were studied. A control group was fed with standard food for 5 weeks while two treatment groups (cuprizone and clemastine) suffered progressive demyelination by feeding them with 2% cuprizone. At Week 5 (W5), all animals returned to the standard diet and studied for another 5‐week period to compare controls vs spontaneous (cuprizone group) vs clemastine‐aided (clemastine group) remyelination group. Group clemastine was treated with this antihistaminic (oral gavage) during the remyelination period (Weeks 5–10). Anatomical magnetic resonance imaging (T2w‐MRI) and resting state functional MRI (rs‐FMRI) studies were conducted on weeks W0, W2, W5 (maximal demyelination) W7 and W10 (remyelination). MRI images were processed with the FMRIB Software Library, involving seed‐free functional imaging and seed‐based correlation. This study uses the t‐test and the D'Agostino–Pearson normality test to make an assessment.ResultsThe principal findings of our research include: (1) cuprizone‐treated animals suffer an initial phase of elevated connectivity at Week 2 with respect to controls, transitioning to reduced connectivity at Week 5; (2) different temporal trajectories across brain regions, reflecting varying susceptibility to demyelination; (3) while spontaneous remyelination normalizes connectivity in most networks at Week 10 (5 weeks after ceasing cuprizone intoxication), the thalamocortical axis exhibits lasting disruption even 6 months after normalization of diet; and (4) on the contrary, clemastine‐aided remyelination re‐establishes normal thalamocortical connectivity at 6 months after demyelination.ConclusionThis approach provides insights into the dynamic processes of demyelination and remyelination, informing the development of more effective interventions for MS.
Substituent‐Driven Anion‐Binding Selectivity in Aliphatic Chain‐Substituted 1,2‐Phenylene Urea Macrocycles and Optimized Synthetic Methodology
Authors: Svobodová Kateřina , Eigner Václav , Brancale Andrea , Cuřínová Petra , Himl Michal 
Published: January 2025

Abstract1,2‐Phenylene tetraurea macrocycles recently attracted attention as self‐assembled channel‐making compounds with high selectivity to chlorides. Here, we report on the introduction of aliphatic chains in the periphery of the 1,2‐phenylene tetraurea macrocycle, which led to deterioration in the ability of the macrocycle to form channels and to a reversal of anion binding preferences in favour of dihydrogen phosphate. In addition, we have developed a new method of synthesis of 1,2‐phenylene tetraurea macrocycle, using a direct click of two diamino ureido derivatives by triphosgene in the presence of chloride template. This approach saves time and eliminates demanding isolation of the non‐cyclic tetrameric intermediates.
Comparing Two Methods for Producing Guar Gum‐Based Films by the Casting Method and Their Impact on the Physicochemical Properties of the Films
Authors: Ramos Sofia Maria Tanaka , dos Santos Araujo Elder , Leandro Gabriel Coelho , Valencia Germán Ayala 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTGuar gum (GG)‐based films have potential packaging applications; however, this material can be produced by dispersing GG in hot and cold water. This research aimed to produce GG‐based films using two dispersing methods for this macromolecule and to compare the physicochemical properties of the obtained films. GG‐based films were produced using the conventional method (M1), where the macromolecule was dispersed in hot water at 80°C. An alternative method (M2) using an industrial blender was used to disperse GG at room temperature. All films exhibited a homogenous visual aspect; however, films manufactured with the M1 exhibited cracks in their surface, increasing moisture content and reducing mechanical properties and surface hydrophobicity. In contrast, GG‐based films produced using the M2 approach had regular surfaces, less moisture content, improved mechanical properties, and hydrophobic surfaces. Other properties, such as thickness, chemical bonds, barrier properties, and optical properties, were not altered by the dispersion method. The use of M2 is an alternative for shorter production time and cost of films. This research report contains the first‐time information about the production of GG‐based films and their impact on the physicochemical properties of films for packaging applications.
Parental Acceptance of Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Among Females Treated for Childhood Cancer and/or With Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Cross‐Sectional Study
Authors: Cai Jiaoyang , Cheung Yin Ting , Gao Yijin , Hu Wenting , Chen Jing , Pui Ching‐Hon , Deng Pengfei , Fei Yi , Cao Qing , Hudson Melissa M. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundSurvivors of childhood cancer (CCS) and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) recipients are at increased risk of human papillomavirus (HPV)‐associated malignancies. Although HPV vaccination is recommended for these groups, parental acceptance remains uncertain.ProcedureWe recruited caregivers of female CCS/HSCT aged ≥9 years from the Shanghai Children's Medical Center (SCMC) vaccination clinic. Caregivers of females who were at least 6 months post treatment, off immunosuppressants, and disease‐free were eligible. Caregivers completed a questionnaire assessing demographics, HPV knowledge, and their willingness to vaccinate their daughters.ResultsOf the 219 caregivers enrolled, 195 (89.0%) completed the survey. Among the children of caregivers who responded, 44.6% (87/195) had undergone HSCT. All respondent caregivers lacked awareness that the HPV vaccine was recommended for their daughters. Willingness to vaccinate was endorsed by 65.1% (127/195) of caregivers, and was significantly associated with a household income over ¥50,000 (p = 0.02), the mother's HPV vaccination status (p < 0.001), and their daughter receiving any vaccination post therapy (p = 0.02). The most common reasons for vaccine refusal included concerns about its impact on the child's primary disease (64.7%, 44/68), vaccine safety (58.8%, 40/68), and the belief that their child was too young for HPV vaccination (50.0%, 34/68). Only 15 of the 127 (11.8%) caregivers who initially expressed willingness to vaccinate their children had actually initiated vaccination.ConclusionA substantial minority of Chinese caregivers of female CCS/HSCT are hesitant to vaccinate their daughters against HPV. Addressing caregivers’ knowledge deficits and misperceptions about vaccine safety and barriers to accessing HPV vaccination is important to improve uptake.
Fetal Therapy for Severe Drug‐Resisted Tachyarrhythmia With Progressive Hydrops by Fetoscopic Transesophageal Pacing: A Successful Attempt in Single Chinese Fetal Medicine Center
Authors: Wang Hao , Luo Wenfei , Gongli Chen 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo describe the outcome of a case of severe drug‐resistant fetal tachyarrhythmia with progressive hydrops treated with fetoscopic transesophageal pacing (FTEP).MethodA case of fetal tachyarrhythmia complicated by progressive hydrops is presented. The fetus, diagnosed at 26+2 weeks of gestation, had supraventricular tachycardia with a mechanism suggestive of atrial reentry. Maternal treatment included digoxin, sotalol and amiodarone, which were ineffective in controlling the arrhythmia. After failure of pharmacological therapy, FTEP was performed.ResultsA male baby was delivered by cesarean section, with the Apgar scores of 10 at 1 min, 5 and 10 min at 35+2 weeks of gestation. An initial neonatal electrocardiogram demonstrated normal sinus rhythm. Follow‐up is now up to 1 year, without tachyarrhythmia or cardiac dysfunction.ConclusionFTEP offers a potential rescue therapy for cases of severe drug‐resistant fetal tachyarrhythmia associated with progressive fetal hydrops and cardiac dysfunction.