bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An implicit interpolation scheme for simulation of 3‐d flow with non‐conforming meshes
Authors: Zhu Hanyue , Zhao Lanhao , Mao Jia , Mu Kailong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNon‐conforming meshes, as a common strategy for three‐dimensional (3‐d) flow simulation, necessitate an appropriate interpolation scheme to ensure numerical coherence between subdomains. This paper extends an implicit interpolation scheme in previous research to 3‐d space. The new interpolation scheme accommodates the higher demands for simplicity and efficiency required for the simulation of 3‐d models. The node‐to‐node coupling of non‐conforming subdomains is embedded directly in algebraic equations with a Dirichlet condition for the continuity of unknowns and a Neumann condition for the system matrix and the right‐hand side. The proposed method demonstrates general applicability, simplicity and efficiency. Four different flow problems, including 3‐d lid‐driven cavity flow, flow past a 3‐d circular cylinder, a stationary sphere and a triangular prism, are simulated with the present interpolation scheme. The numerical results exhibit good quantitative and qualitative consistency with previously published data.
Efficient numerical method for Stokes flows in unbounded domains with informative boundary condition using axial Green function method
Authors: Jo Junhong , Lee Wanho , Kim Do Wan 
Published: June 2023

SummaryFlow calculations in an unbounded domain have limitations and challenges due to its infiniteness. A common approach is to impose a far‐field asymptotic condition to determine a unique flow. The leading behavior of the flow is identified at the far field, and then an unknown coefficient is assumed for the second behavior. This allows us to propose an efficient numerical method to solve two‐dimensional steady Stokes and potential flows in a truncated domain along with the coefficients. The second term provides crucial hydrodynamic information for the flow and is referred to as the informative boundary condition. The truncation creates artificial boundaries requiring boundary conditions for the approximate solution. The axial Green function method (AGM), combined with a specific one‐dimensional Green function over a semi‐infinite axis‐parallel line extended to infinity, allows us to implement the informative boundary condition in the truncated domain. AGMs, designed for complicated domains, are now applied to infinite domain cases because AGMs' versatility enables implementing the informative boundary condition by changing only the axial Green function. This approach's efficiency, accuracy, and consistency are investigated through several appealing Stokes flow problems including potential ones in infinite domains.
Analyzing and forecasting electricity price using regime‐switching models: The case of New Zealand market
Authors: Kapoor Gaurav , Wichitaksorn Nuttanan , Zhang Wenjun 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis paper aims to study the forecasting capabilities of several models under the Markov regime‐switching (MRS) and the extreme value theory (EVT) frameworks applied to daily electricity prices in the New Zealand electricity market. The MRS models in this study include up to five regimes, with time‐varying transition probabilities and incorporation of external market variables. We apply Hamilton's filter with maximum likelihood estimation for parameter estimation. The EVT peaks‐over‐threshold (EVT‐PoT) framework is also considered, and its relationship to the MRS class of models is discussed. We generate out‐of‐sample forecasts under various market scenarios. The MRS models are able to replicate real price densities under stable market conditions. The EVT‐PoT model performs well despite its lack of complexity compared to the MRS framework. We attribute this to the usage of the generalized Pareto distribution to model price extremities.
Temperature‐controlled microextrusion printing for mesoscale interfacial designing in solid oxide fuel cells
Authors: Ding Cheng , Seo Haewon , Kishimoto Masashi , Iwai Hiroshi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA temperature‐controlled microextrusion printing technique is proposed to realize the increased aspect ratio of mesoscale convex structures at the anode–electrolyte interface in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). The rheological properties of the anode ink for microextrusion printing are experimentally measured at various temperatures, and it is found that the viscosity of the ink and the wettability of the ink to the anode substrate decrease at lower temperatures, which is desirable for the ink to retain its shape on the substrate. The anode‐supported SOFC button cells are fabricated by microextrusion printing with and without temperature control and compared in terms of their interfacial structures and electrochemical performance. The aspect ratio of the interfacial structure is increased from 0.16 to 0.28 by lowering the ink temperature, resulting in a higher interface enlargement of 25%. Owing to the enlarged interfacial area, enhanced cell performance is also achieved.
Clinicopathological study and survival outcomes of sialoblastoma: A systematic review
Authors: Cruz Vitória Maria Sousa , Pérez‐de‐Oliveira Maria Eduarda , dos Santos Leite Éder Gerardo , Louredo Brendo Vinicius Rodrigues , Bezerra Hélen Kaline Farias , Lopes Márcio Ajudarte , Vargas Pablo Agustin , Santos‐Silva Alan Roger , Kowalski Luiz Paulo , da Cruz Perez Danyel Elias 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSialoblastoma is a rare malignant salivary gland tumor. The aim of this study was to review the available published data on sialoblastoma in a comprehensive analysis of its clinicopathologic characteristics, treatment, and outcomes. An unrestricted electronic search was performed in the following databases: MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of science, and gray literature databases. Eligibility criteria included publications with sufficient clinical, imaging, and histopathological information to confirm the diagnosis of sialoblastoma. Data were evaluated descriptively and analytically. A total of 52 studies met the eligibility criteria. In total, 62 patients were evaluated. There was no gender predilection, with the parotid being the most affected primary site (n = 28; 45.2%). In the log‐rank test, there was a significant increase in disease‐associated survival in patients younger than 1 year of age (82.8% vs. 44.4%; p = 0.003), individuals with lesions in major salivary glands (79.4% vs. 38.5%; p = 0.005), patients without metastases (77.8% vs. 14.3%; p = 0.011), encapsulated lesions (85.7% vs. 0%; p < 0.0001), congenital lesions (83.3% vs. 25.0%; p < 0.0001), and lesions that do not show perineural invasion (89.5% vs. 40%; p = 0.035). Kaplan–Meier curves estimated overall survival and disease‐free survival at 5 years of 95.5% and 68.1%, respectively. In the multivariate Cox regression model, only the presence of metastasis was identified as an independent prognostic factor (hazard ratio [HR] = 9.81; p = 0.010). Although sialoblastoma presents good prognosis, the tumor has a high recurrence rate.
Heat stable carbetocin or oxytocin for prevention of postpartum hemorrhage among women at risk: A secondary analysis of the CHAMPION trial
Authors: Ghosh Rakesh , Owa Olorunfemi , Santos Nicole , Butrick Elizabeth , Piaggio Gilda , Widmer Mariana , Althabe Fernando , Qureshi Zahaida , Lumbiganon Pisake , Katageri Geetanjali , Walker Dilys 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo examine whether the observed non‐inferiority of heat‐stable carbetocin (HSC), compared with oxytocin, was influenced by biologic (macrosomia, parity 3 or more, or history of postpartum hemorrhage [PPH]) and/or pharmacologic (induction or augmentation) risk factors for PPH.MethodsThe present study is a secondary analysis of the CHAMPION non‐inferiority randomized trial—a two‐arm, double‐blind, active‐controlled study conducted at 23 hospitals in 10 countries, between July 2015 and January 2018. Women with singleton pregnancies, expected to deliver vaginally with cervical dilatation up to 6 cm were eligible. Randomization was stratified by country, with 1:1 assignment. Women in the intervention and control groups received a single intramuscular injection of 100 μg of HSC or 10 IU of oxytocin, respectively. The drugs were administered immediately after birth, and the third stage of labor was managed according to the WHO guidelines. Blood was collected using a plastic drape. For this analysis, we defined a woman as being at risk if she had any one or more of the biologic or pharmacologic risk factor(s).ResultsThe HSC and oxytocin arms contained 14 770 and 14 768 women, respectively. The risk ratios (RR) for PPH were 1.29 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.08–1.53) or 1.73 (95% CI 1.51–1.98) for those with only biologic (macrosomia, parity 3 or more, and PPH in the previous pregnancy) or only pharmacologic (induced or augmented) risk factors, respectively, compared with those with neither risk factors.ConclusionsFindings reinforce previous evidence that macrosomia, high parity, history of PPH, and induction/augmentation are risk factors for PPH. We did not find a difference in effects between HSC and oxytocin for PPH among women who were neither induced nor augmented or among those who were induced or augmented.
Toward α‐1,3/4 fucosyltransferases targeted drug discovery: In silico uncovering of promising natural inhibitors of fucosyltransferase 6
Authors: Magdaleno Jorge Samuel Leon , Grewal Ravneet K. , Medina‐Franco José L. , Oliva Romina , Shaikh Abdul Rajjak , Cavallo Luigi , Chawla Mohit 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSialyl Lewis X (sLex) antigen is a fucosylated cell‐surface glycan that is normally involved in cell‐cell interactions. The enhanced expression of sLex on cell surface glycans, which is attributed to the upregulation of fucosyltransferase 6 (FUT6), has been implicated in facilitating metastasis in human colorectal, lung, prostate, and oral cancers. The role that the upregulated FUT6 plays in the progression of tumor to malignancy, with reduced survival rates, makes it a potential target for anticancer drugs. Unfortunately, the lack of experimental structures for FUT6 has hampered the design and development of its inhibitors. In this study, we used in silico techniques to identify potential FUT6 inhibitors. We first modeled the three‐dimensional structure of human FUT6 using AlphaFold. Then, we screened the natural compound libraries from the COCONUT database to sort out potential natural products (NPs) with best affinity toward the FUT6 model. As a result of these simulations, we identified three NPs for which we predicted binding affinities and interaction patterns quite similar to those we calculated for two experimentally tested FUT6 inhibitors, that is, fucose mimetic‐1 and a GDP‐triazole derived compound. We also performed molecular dynamics (MD) simulations for the FUT6 complexes with identified NPs, to investigate their stability. Analysis of the MD simulations showed that the identified NPs establish stable contacts with FUT6 under dynamics conditions. On these grounds, the three screened compounds appear as promising natural alternatives to experimentally tested FUT6 synthetic inhibitors, with expected comparable binding affinity. This envisages good prospects for future experimental validation toward FUT6 inhibition.
An information‐theoretic approach to basis‐set fitting of electron densities and other non‐negative functions
Authors: Tehrani Alireza , Anderson James S. M. , Chakraborty Debajit , Rodriguez‐Hernandez Juan I. , Thompson David C. , Verstraelen Toon , Ayers Paul W. , Heidar‐Zadeh Farnaz 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe numerical ill‐conditioning associated with approximating an electron density with a convex sum of Gaussian or Slater‐type functions is overcome by using the (extended) Kullback–Leibler divergence to measure the deviation between the target and approximate density. The optimized densities are non‐negative and normalized, and they are accurate enough to be used in applications related to molecular similarity, the topology of the electron density, and numerical molecular integration. This robust, efficient, and general approach can be used to fit any non‐negative normalized functions (e.g., the kinetic energy density and molecular electron density) to a convex sum of non‐negative basis functions. We present a fixed‐point iteration method for optimizing the Kullback–Leibler divergence and compare it to conventional gradient‐based optimization methods. These algorithms are released through the free and open‐source BFit package, which also includes a L2‐norm squared optimization routine applicable to any square‐integrable scalar function.
METTL16 promotes osteosarcoma progression by downregulating VPS33B in an m6A‐dependent manner
Authors: Cheng Jun , Xu Zhihao , Tan Wei , He Jinpeng , Pan Boyu , Zhang Yan , Deng Youwen 
Published: June 2023

AbstractN6‐methyladenosine (m6A) is one of the main epitranscriptomic modifications that accelerates the progression of malignant tumors by modifying RNA. Methyltransferase‐like 16 (METTL16) is a newly identified methyltransferase that has been found to play an important oncogenic role in a few malignancies; however, its function in osteosarcoma (OS) remains unclear. In this study, METTL16 was found to be upregulated in OS tissues, and associated with poor prognosis in OS patients. Functionally, METTL16 substantially promoted OS cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro and OS growth in vivo. Mechanistically, vacuolar protein sorting protein 33b (VPS33B) was identified as the downstream target of METTL16, which induced m6A modification of VPS33B and impaired the stability of the VPS33B transcript, thereby degrading VPS33B. In addition, VPS33B was found to be downregulated in OS tissues, VPS33B knockdown markedly attenuated shMETTL16‐mediated inhibition on OS progression. Finally, METTL16/VPS33B might facilitate OS progression through PI3K/AKT pathway. In summary, this study revealed an important role for the METTL16‐mediated m6A modification in OS progression, implying it as a promising target for OS treatment.
Novel approach for downstream processing of phytosterol bioconversion
Authors: Khomutov Sergey M , Shutov Andrey A , Averin Aleksey D , Dovbnya Dmitry V , Donova Marina V 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDDownstream processing is an important part of industrial steroid biotechnology. The traditional recovery methods require significant amounts of the organic solvents which are associated with environmental risks. There is a need for environmentally friendly downstream processing which also may open the prospects for regeneration and repeated use of the costly materials.RESULTSMicrobial conversion of phytosterol to C17‐ketosteroids in methylated cyclodextrin (mCD) solutions was studied as a model bioprocess. Quantitative aspects of competitive complexation of mCD and natural β‐CD (β‐CD) with steroids were studied under different temperature modes and CD concentrations. The method of steroid recovery based on precipitation of insoluble β‐CD complexes ensured the complete isolation of androst‐4‐ene‐3,17‐dione, androsta‐1,4‐diene‐3,17‐dione, 9α‐hydroxyandrost‐4‐ene‐3,17‐dione, 20‐hydroxymethyl‐pregna‐1,4‐dien‐3‐one and 3β‐hydroxyandrost‐5‐en‐17‐one from aqueous media. Analysis of the 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra showed a constant molar ratio of β‐CD to steroid equal to 2 in the obtained steroid β‐CD complexes. The extraction of the steroid from the β‐CD complex by small volumes of organic solvent provided a quantitative yield. The method developed ensures regeneration and repeated use of the mCDs without decrease of the basic bioconversion outputs, as was demonstrated in a series of phytosterol to androsta‐1,4‐diene‐3,17‐dione bioconversions by Mycolicibacterium neoaurum VKM Ac‐1816D.CONCLUSIONSDownstream processing based on manipulation of steroid solubility in aqueous cyclodextrin solutions is a promising alternative to traditional steroid extraction with organic solvents. This environmentally friendly approach ensures re‐use of materials without decrease in bioconversion outputs. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
A novel cubic‐exp evaluation algorithm considering non‐symmetrical axial response signals of confocal microscopes
Authors: Hagemeier Sebastian , Pahl Tobias , Breidenbach Johannes , Lehmann Peter 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe depth discrimination in confocal microscopy is based on the digital analysis of depth response signals obtained by each camera pixel during measurement. Various signal‐processing algorithms are used for this purpose. The accuracy of these algorithms is inter alia restricted by the axial symmetry of the signals. However, in practice response signals are rather asymmetrical especially in case of measurement objects with critical surface structures such as edges or steep flanks. We present a novel signal‐processing algorithm based on an exponential function with a cubic argument to handle asymmetrical and also symmetrical depth response signals. Results obtained by this algorithm are compared to those of commonly used signal processing algorithms. It turns out that the novel algorithm is more robust, more accurate and exhibits a repeatability of a similar order compared to other algorithms.Research Highlights
A novel, more robust algorithm with improved accuracy in peak extraction especially for asymmetrical response signals in confocal microscopy is introduced and validated.
Improved accuracy is demonstrated for height and layer thickness measurements.
Embryonic pattern of cartilaginous head development in the European toad, Bufo bufo
Authors: Lukas Paul 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe craniofacial skeleton of vertebrates is a major innovation of the whole clade. Its development and composition requires a precisely orchestrated sequence of chondrification events which lead to a fully functional skeleton. Sequential information on the precise timing and sequence of embryonic cartilaginous head development are available for a growing number of vertebrates. This enables a more and more comprehensive comparison of the evolutionary trends within and among different vertebrate clades. This comparison of sequential patterns of cartilage formation enables insights into the evolution of development of the cartilaginous head skeleton. The cartilaginous sequence of head formation of three basal anurans (Xenopus laevis, Bombina orientalis, Discoglossus scovazzi) was investigated so far. This study investigates the sequence and timing of larval cartilaginous development of the head skeleton from the appearance of mesenchymal Anlagen until the premetamorphic larvae in the neobatrachian species Bufo bufo. Clearing and staining, histology, and 3D reconstruction enabled the tracking of 75 cartilaginous structures and the illustration of the sequential changes of the skull as well as the identification of evolutionary trends of sequential cartilage formation in the anuran head. The anuran viscerocranium does not chondrify in the ancestral anterior to posterior direction and the neurocranial elements do not chondrify in posterior to anterior direction. Instead, the viscerocranial and neurocranial development is mosaic‐like and differs greatly from the gnathostome sequence. Strict ancestral anterior to posterior developmental sequences can be observed within the branchial basket. Thus, this data is the basis for further comparative developmental studies of anuran skeletal development.
Direct infiltration of clonal plasma cells causes renal insufficiency in patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance
Authors: Naka Ryosuke , Shimomura Yoshimitsu , Kanda‐Kato Madoka , Hiramoto Nobuhiro , Hara Shigeo , Ishikawa Takayuki 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMonoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) is a benign but precancerous condition that can progress to multiple myeloma. Patients with MGUS are typically monitored closely for signs of disease progression, but in some cases, they may also develop renal insufficiency, a condition known as monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance (MGRS). In MGRS, M‐protein secreted by a nonmalignant or premalignant cell clone triggers renal damage by definition. Herein, we report a case of a 66‐year‐old Asian male with MGUS complicated by renal insufficiency. A kidney biopsy showed no evidence of renal injury mediated by M‐protein; instead, the direct infiltration of clonal cells into renal tissues was observed. Although five similar cases have been previously reported, our case is unique in that the involvement of clonal cells was directly confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Our findings suggest the need to consider a novel disease concept, as this phenomenon appears to be reproduced.
Predictors of Stroke Outcomes in Conservatively Treated Patients With Moyamoya Disease: A Follow‐up MRI Study
Authors: Zhang Hongtao , Lu Mingming , Liu Shitong , Liu Dongqing , Liu Xu , Shen Xuxuan , Han Cong , Sheng Fugeng , Cai Jianming 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundLittle is known about the association between stroke and imaging and clinical features in conservatively treated patients with moyamoya disease (MMD).PurposeTo investigate independent risk factors for stroke in conservatively treated patients with MMD during a long‐term follow‐up.Study TypeProspective study.SubjectsOne hundred sixty conservatively managed patients with MMD (median age 46 years, 89 male).Field Strength/SequenceTime of flight, turbo inversion recovery magnitude T1WI, turbo spin echo (TSE) T2WI, echo‐planar imaging DWI, T2‐fluid attenuated inversion recovery, dynamic susceptibility contrast‐magnetic resonance imaging, and pre‐ and post‐contrast 3D TSE T1WI sequences at 3.0 Tesla.AssessmentPatients were assessed at baseline and followed yearly. Ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke incidence rates were determined. Multiple demographic, clinical (modified Rankin score [mRS]), and cerebral imaging (cerebral blood volume [CBV] and concentric enhancement of arterial wall) factors at baseline were considered as potential predictors of stroke during the follow‐up period.Statistical TestsUnivariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazards models to calculate the hazard ratios (HRs) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) for stroke. Cumulative risk of stroke was estimated by the Kaplan–Meier product‐limit method. A P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsThe median follow‐up duration was 47 months. During the follow‐up period, 18 (11.25%) patients experienced stroke events (13 [8.13%] ischemic, 5 [3.12%] hemorrhagic). Univariable analysis showed that 11 factors were significantly associated with stroke. After adjustment for clinical characteristics, multivariable analysis showed that mRS score ≥3 (HR, 1.99; 95% CI, 1.26–3.14), decreased CBV (HR, 5.31; 95% CI, 2.32–12.13), and concentric enhancement of the arterial wall (HR, 4.16; 95% CI, 1.55–11.15) were significantly associated with stroke.Data ConclusionDecreased CBV, mRS score ≥ 3, and concentric enhancement of the arterial wall were significantly associated with increased incidence of stroke in conservatively treated MMD.Evidence Level2Technical EfficacyStage 4