bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk of metastasis in BRCA2 carriers diagnosed with triple‐negative breast cancer
Authors: Moreno Marcelo , Oliveira Júlia Salles , Brianese Rafael Canfield , de Castro Douglas Guedes , Sanches Solange Moraes , Torrezan Giovana Tardin , Santiago Karina Miranda , De Brot Marina , Cordeiro de Lima Vladmir Claudio , Baroni Alves Makdissi Fabiana , Casali Da Rocha Jose Claudio , Calsavara Vinicius Fernando , Carraro Dirce Maria 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundTriple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the neoplasia most associated with BRCA1 germline pathogenic variants (PV) and is more likely to develop metastases than the other breast cancer (BC) subtypes, mainly in the lungs and the central nervous system (CNS). Recently, BRCA2 carriers were shown to have a higher risk for developing CNS metastases. However, the patterns of recurrence and metastases of BRCA2 carriers with TNBC are unknown.MethodsTNBC patient data attending the A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, from 1998 through 2020, were verified either by medical records or by BRCA1/2 genetic testing carried out. Multivariable logistic regression models were fit to the data to assess the independent factors for bone and CNS metastases. Adjustment was done using all independent variables with p < 0.2 in the univariable Cox model to describe the relationship between the independent variables until time of death.ResultsA total of 388 TNBC patients were evaluated. We identified PV in BRCA1/2 genes in 21% (82/388), being 17.7% (69/388) in BRCA1 and only 3.3% (13/388) in BRCA2. A total of 120 patients (31%) developed distant metastases. Bone or CNS metastases were observed in 40% and 60% of BRCA2 PV carriers (p = 0.155), respectively. The BRCA2 carriers tended to have a higher likelihood of developing bone metastases (OR, 4.06; 95% CI, 0.82–20.01; p = 0.085), when compared to BRCA1 carriers (OR, 0.6; 95% CI, 0.12–2.87; p = 0.528). BRCA2 carriers had an OR of 1.75 (95% CI, 0.33–9.14; p = 0.503) for CNS metastasis development, while BRCA1 carriers had an OR of 0.72 (95% CI, 0.23–2.23; p = 0.574).ConclusionsPatients with TNBC and PV in the BRCA2 gene had higher frequencies of secondary bone involvement and CNS in the course of the disease. However, the BRCA2 PV did not represent an independent outcome predictor of metastases and overall survival. Efforts to increase the number of BRCA2 carriers among TNBC patients are crucial for determining their risk of developing bone and CNS metastases compared to BRCA2 noncarriers.
Functional role of SAP18 protein: From transcriptional repression to splicing regulation
Authors: Kumari Sweta , Rehman Ayushi , Chandra Pratap , Singh Kusum K. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSin3 associated protein 18 (SAP18) is an evolutionary conserved protein, originally discovered in a complex with the transcriptional regulatory protein, Sin3. Subsequent investigations revealed SAP18 as an integral splicing component of the exon junction complex (EJC)‐associated apoptosis‐and splicing‐associated protein (ASAP)/PNN‐RNPS1‐SAP18 (PSAP) complex. In association with Sin3, SAP18 contributes toward transcriptional repression of genes implicated in embryonic development, stress response, human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication, and tumorigenesis. As a part of EJC, SAP18 mediates alternative splicing events and suppresses the cryptic splice sites present within flanking regions of exon–exon junctions. In this review, we provide a thorough discussion on SAP18, focussing on its conserved dual role in transcriptional regulation and messenger RNA splicing. Recent research on the involvement of SAP18 in the emergence of cancer and human disorders has also been highlighted. The potential of SAP18 as a therapeutic target is also discussed in these recent studies, particularly related to malignancies of the myeloid lineage.
Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Selective α‐Alkylation of β‐Naphthols using Primary Alcohols: Elucidating the Influence of Base and Water
Authors: Vijaya Sankar Raman , Mathew Abra , Pradhan Subham , Kuniyil Rositha , Gunanathan Chidambaram 
Published: July 2023

AbstractFunctionalized arenes and arenols have diverse applications in chemical synthesis and material chemistry. Selective functionalization of arenols is a topic of prime interest. In particular, direct alkylation of arenols using alcohols is a challenging task. In this report, a ruthenium pincer catalyzed direct α‐alkylation of β‐naphthol using primary alcohols as alkylating reagents is reported. Notably, aryl and heteroaryl methanols and linear and branched aliphatic alcohols underwent selective alkylation reactions, in which water is the only byproduct. Notably, catalytically derived α‐alkyl‐β‐naphthol products displayed high absorbance, emissive properties, and quantum yields (up to 93.2 %). Dearomative bromination on α‐alkyl‐β‐naphthol is demonstrated as a synthetic application. Mechanistic studies indicate that the reaction involves an aldehyde intermediate. DFT studies support this finding and further reveal that a stoichiometric amount of base is required to make the aldol condensation as well as elementary steps required for regeneration of catalytically active species. In situ‐generated water molecule from the aldol condensation reaction plays an important role in the regeneration of an active catalyst.
Disulfide‐Driven Pore Functionalization of Metal–Organic Frameworks
Authors: Moore Jennifer M. , Crom Audrey B. , Feldblyum Jeremy I. , Genna Douglas T. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPost‐synthetic modification (PSM) imparts additional functionality to metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) that is often difficult to access using solvothermal synthesis. As such, expanding the repertory of PSM reactions available to the practitioner is of increased importance for the generation of materials tailored for desired applications. Herein, a method is described for the protecting group‐free installation of diverse functional groups within the pores of a MIL‐53(Al) analogue via disulfide bond formation. The majority of the reactions proceed with thiol‐to‐disulfide conversions ranging from high to nearly quantitative. The disulfide bonds are stable in various solvents and can be cleaved in the presence of a reducing agent.
Der Aufstieg von Kohlendioxid als erneuerbare Kohlenstoffquelle
Authors: Raschka Achim , Ruiz Pauline 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDer neue Bericht über die Nutzung von CO2 für Chemikalien, synthetischen Kraftstoffen, Polymeren, Proteinen und Mineralien des Nova‐Instituts gibt einen tiefen und umfassender Einblick in die Technologien, Trends und den dynamisch wachsenden Markt der nachhaltigen CO2‐Abscheidung und ‐Nutzung.
Altreifen als Rohstoffquelle
Authors: Buder Patrick , Diercks Jan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAltreifen durchlaufen zahlreiche Recycling‐Prozesse. Unterschieden wird zwischen werkstofflichem Recycling (Sortieren, Separieren und Granulieren), rohstofflichem Recycling (z.B. Pyrolyse‐Verfahren) und dem chemischen Recycling als finaler Veredelungsschritt der Pyrolyse. Mit dem Verfahren von RCB Nanotechnologies lässt sich hochreiner Ruß (recovered Carbon Black) aus dem Kautschuk wiedergewinnen.
Investigating the possibility of PCCP mortar coating leaching and the impact on drinking water quality
Authors: Hassi Sara , Menu Bruce , Javanmardi Ahad , Lai Zhichao , Huang Fuyun 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe objective of this article was to investigate the potential for the dissolution and leaching of certain chemical elements from the protective mortar coatings of prestressed concrete cylinder pipe (PCCP) into drinking water in the event of leakage and how this might affect the overall quality of the water delivered to consumers. The mortars as linings are also typically used for renovation of old pipes. Samples from three frequently used mortar coating mixtures underwent immersion in water after 28 days of curing and were monitored for 430 days. The water was tested for pH levels and the presence of aluminum, chromium, lead, and iron, in accordance with the standards set for human consumption in Moroccan and other countries such as Australia, Canada, and the United States, as well as organizations such as the European Union and World Health Organization. The results indicate that the highest levels of aluminum, iron, chromium, and lead leaching occurred after the initial contact with water, gradually declining over time. Furthermore, the inclusion of silica fume and fly ash in the coating increases the potential for chemical element leaching. Additionally, preinstallation pipeline washing demonstrates its effectiveness in reducing the leaching of chemical elements into drinking water in the event of leakages. The overall results suggest that the likelihood of contamination of drinking water by leaching of chemical elements from the mortar coating in case of a leakage appears to be negligible under the studied conditions.
From Lignins to Renewable Aromatic Vitrimers based on Vinylogous Urethane
Authors: Sougrati Lisa , Duval Antoine , Avérous Luc 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDuring the two last decades, covalent adaptable networks (CANs) have proven to be an important new class of polymer materials combining the main advantages of thermoplastics and thermosets. For instance, materials can undergo reprocessing cycles by incorporating dynamic covalent bonds within a cross‐linked network. Due to their versatility, renewable resources can be easily integrated into these innovative systems to develop sustainable materials, which can be related to the context of the recent development of a circular bioeconomy. Lignins, the main renewable sources of aromatic structures, are major candidates in the design of novel and biobased stimuli‐responsive materials such as vitrimers due to their high functionality and specific chemical architectures. In the aim of developing recyclable lignin‐based vinylogous urethane (VU) networks, an innovative strategy was elaborated in which lignin was first modified into liquid polyols and then into polyacetoacetates. Resulting macromonomers were integrated into aromatic VU networks and fully characterized through thermal, mechanical, and rheological experiments. Viscoelastic behaviors of the different aromatic vitrimers exhibited fast stress‐relaxations (e. g., 39 s at 130 °C) allowing easy and fast mechanical reprocessing. A thermomechanical recycling study was successfully performed. Then, the developed strategy enabled the fabrication of healable biobased aromatic vitrimers with tunable structures and properties.
Average bit error probability performance of intelligent reflecting surface‐aided wireless communications over Hoyt fading
Authors: Kumar Bhagat Sanjeet , Dixit Dharmendra , Ranjan Sahu Pravas 
Published: July 2023

SummaryIn this article, the performance of a wireless communication system with an intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) panel installed between the transmitter and receiver is studied. The channel is considered to be the Hoyt faded and additive white Gaussian noise. Closed‐form expressions for average bit error probability (ABEP) for both coherent Gray‐coded rectangular quadrature amplitude modulation and non‐coherent modulation schemes are presented. We apply the moment‐generating function‐based method for the derivation. In addition, asymptotic ABEP expressions are also obtained. Using asymptotic ABEP expressions, we obtained diversity order which is a function of the number of IRS elements. The effect of the number of IRS elements and fading parameters on the ABEP is studied. The ABEP performance improves with an increase in the number of reflecting elements but degrades with an increase in the fading severity. The accuracy of each analytical ABEP expression is verified by the simulation of the system considered herewith.
Endogenous glucagon‐like peptide (GLP)‐1 as alternative for GLP‐1 receptor agonists: Could this work and how?
Authors: Smits Mark M. , Holst Jens J. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn recent years, we have witnessed the many beneficial effects of glucagon‐like peptide (GLP)‐1 receptor agonists, including the reduction in cardiovascular risk in patients with type 2 diabetes, and the reduction of body weight in those with obesity. Increasing evidence suggests that these agents differ considerably from endogenous GLP‐1 when it comes to their routes of action, although their clinical effects appear to be the same. Given the limitations of the GLP‐1 receptor agonists, could it be useful to develop agents which stimulate GLP‐1 release? Here we will discuss the differences and similarities between GLP‐1 receptor agonists and endogenous GLP‐1, and will detail how endogenous GLP‐1—when stimulated appropriately—could have clinically relevant effects.
Ecosystem services relationship characteristics of the degraded alpine shrub meadow on the Qinghai‐Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Qian Dawen , Li Qian , Guo Xiaowei , Fan Bo , Lan Yuting , Si Mengke , Cao Guangmin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAlpine shrub meadows hold significant importance as grassland ecosystems on the Qinghai‐Tibetan Plateau (QTP). They provide a range of vital ecosystem services (ESs) and are commonly utilized as summer pastures by herders, resulting in short grazing periods and high grazing intensities. Unfortunately, these practices have led to varying degrees of degradation, thereby affecting the sustainable provision of ESs. However, the current knowledge regarding changes in ESs and their characteristics under the influence of degradation, particularly the differences between alpine shrub and alpine meadow ecosystems, is insufficient. To address this gap, this study aimed to investigate and analyse changes in four ESs within alpine shrub meadows across different levels of degradation, as well as explore their relationships. The research was conducted in a summer pasture located in the northeastern QTP. The findings revealed a substantial reduction of 85.9% in forage supply due to degradation in alpine shrub meadows. Moreover, regulating services experienced a decline followed by an increase in instances of heavy degradation. Trade‐offs were observed between provisioning and regulating services, while synergistic relationships were identified among different regulating services. Degradation exacerbated imbalances between provisioning and regulating services, whereas light degradation allowed for a better equilibrium between the two. Comparatively, alpine meadows exhibited higher levels of forage supply and carbon storage services, whereas alpine shrub ecosystems displayed greater nutrient supply and water retention services. It was observed that changes in ESs and relationship patterns within alpine shrub meadows were significantly influenced by the presence of alpine meadows. Consequently, safeguarding the structural integrity of alpine meadows and addressing conflicts over ESs is essential to ensure coordination and sustainability of ESs within alpine shrub meadows. The outcomes of this study provide valuable insights for ecosystem management and ecological restoration initiatives in alpine shrub meadows on the QTP.
Emulsion and its application in the food field: An update review
Authors: Wang Yitong , Ai Chao , Wang Hui , Chen Chong , Teng Hui , Xiao Jianbo , Chen Lei 
Published: July 2023

AbstractNatural emulsifier‐stabilized emulsions have garnered a significant amount of attention in many industries including foods, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, health care formulations, paints, polymer blends and oils. Various methods have been used to improve the bioavailability of functional substances, such as microemulsions, nanoemulsions, Pickering emulsions, and complexes. Over recent years, emulsions have been increasingly investigated due to their potential as drug‐delivery vehicles for a wide range of application. In this review, we discuss some recent publications in the area of various emulsions in the food filed, detailed analysis of the mechanisms for different methods of preparation, compared with the different composition conditions on the stability. In addition, the above conditions affect the properties of the emulsions, but also affect functional activity. According to the current research status, some suggestions are put forward for further study.
Research on time series forecasting method of ion concentration in produced fluid
Authors: Hu Yanan , Lv Mingyang , Liu Tao , Zhao Fengzhi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn the research on strong alkali‐surfactant‐polymer flooding scaling prediction, the variation characteristics of ion concentration in the produced fluid are obviously consistent with those of scale component content. Consequently, studying the variation tendency of ion concentration in produced fluid is helpful for further revealing the scaling tendency. Given the periodicity and chaos characteristics of the ion concentration data of the produced fluid, an echo state network (ESN) is used to realize the relevant time series forecasting. Simultaneously, to cope with the failure of the ESN in selecting suitable reservoir parameters according to different characteristics of time series, a modified discrete particle swarm optimization algorithm based on objective space decomposition is used to optimize the reservoir parameters. The experimental results indicate that the improved ESN presents the lowest error and is the closest to the target value.
Efficacy and tolerance of cannabidiol in the treatment of epilepsy in patients with Rett syndrome
Authors: Desnous Béatrice , Beretti Thibault , Muller Nathan , Neveu Julien , Villeneuve Nathalie , Lépine Anne , Daquin Géraldine , Milh Mathieu 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe aim to assess the efficacy and tolerance of cannabidiol as adjunctive therapy for Rett syndrome (RTT) patients with epilepsy. We conducted a longitudinal observational study through a monocentric cohort of 46 patients with RTT. Patients were recruited from March 2020 to October 2022 and were treated with Epidyolex® (cannabidiol, CBD, 100 mg/mL oral solution). In our cohort, 26 patients had associated epilepsy (26/46 [56%]), and 10/26 (38%) were treated with CBD, in combination with clobazam in 50% of cases. The median dose at their last follow‐up was 15 mg/kg/day. The median treatment duration was 13 months (range: 1–32 months). CBD reduced the incidence of seizures in seven out of 10 patients (70%) with one seizure‐free patient, two patients with a reduction of seizures of more than 75%, and four patients with a decrease of more than 50%. No aggravation of symptoms or adverse effects were observed. Only one patient experienced a transitory drooling and somnolence episode at the CBD initiation. Half of the patients showed a reduction in agitation and/or anxiety attacks, and an improvement in spasticity was reported in 4/10 (40%) of patients. CBD appears to have potential therapeutic value for the treatment of drug‐resistant epilepsy in Rett syndrome. CBD is well tolerated and, when used in combination with clobazam, may increase the effectiveness of clobazam alone.
Efficient three‐dimensional deployment of multiple unmanned aerial vehicles supporting ground base station toward maximizing served users with heterogeneous quality‐of‐service requirements
Authors: Hayajneh Khaled F. , Abualkishik Ferdos , Bani‐Hani Khaled , Shakhatreh Hazim , Albataineh Zaid 
Published: July 2023

SummaryUnmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are critical in wireless networks that can provide wireless broadcast and high‐rate transmissions. UAVs can be used as flying base stations without an infrastructure to improve coverage, capacity, line‐of‐sight (LoS) connection, and rate performance in wireless communication. Furthermore, UAVs support terrestrial base stations in overload demand and disaster situations. Our presented method enables the ground base station (GBS) to collaborate with many UAVs while optimizing the number of served users and considering the influence of obstructing barriers on the air‐to‐ground (A2G) model. Our work investigates a model to find the efficient placements of multiple UAVs and optimize bandwidth between UAVs and GBS to enhance network performance by maximizing the number of served users with heterogeneous quality‐of‐service requirements. Three approaches have been employed to find the minimal number of UAVs that maximize the number of served users in the given area. The first is hybrid exhaustive search and K‐means algorithms, the second is hybrid particle swarm optimization (PSO) and K‐means algorithms, and the third is the greedy algorithm. The simulation results show that the maximum percentage of users served is equal to 100% using the exhaustive search algorithm. Furthermore, the percentage once using the PSO algorithm is 98% and 99.5% when deploying three and four UAVs, respectively.
The effect of political elections at home on the internationalization of state‐owned multinationals from emerging countries
Authors: DeMello Rodrigo B. , Gama Marina , Bertrand Olivier , Betschinger Marie‐Ann 
Published: July 2023

AbstractResearch SummaryThe literature on the internationalization of state‐owned enterprises in emerging countries usually implicitly assumes continuity in the provision of key resources by home country governments. This assumption, however, does not necessarily hold in the presence of political elections in democratic emerging countries. Drawing from the resource dependence theory and the literatures on election‐induced uncertainty and investment irreversibility, we study how political elections in emerging countries affect the internationalization of multinationals with state indirect ownership. Using a sample of 89 Brazilian multinationals from 2000 to 2012, we find that these state‐owned multinationals are less likely to internationalize during elections than multinationals with fully private ownership. When they internationalize, they choose investments that provide them with more flexibility than those chosen by their private counterparts.Managerial SummaryPolitical elections in democratic emerging countries regularly create considerable policy uncertainty and opportunism in policymaking. This affects the provision of government resources that state‐owned enterprises (SOEs) depend on for their internationalization strategy. Our results show that Brazilian multinationals with state indirect ownership are less likely to internationalize in an election year, and when they do, they implement more flexible strategies than fully private multinationals. These findings suggest that SOEs need to include the timing of political elections in their long‐term international strategic planning. Our study also stresses the pros and cons of the SOE‐government relationship. Whereas the link to the state can offer SOEs a way to access valuable government resources, it may constrain their managerial autonomy in international strategy decisions during political elections.