bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Was Baltica part of Rodinia?
Authors: Slagstad Trond , Kulakov Evgeniy V. , Anderson Mark W. , Saalmann Kerstin , Kirkland Christopher L. , Henderson Iain H. C. , Ganerød Morgan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractLate Ediacaran opening of the Iapetus Ocean is typically considered to reflect separation of Baltica and Laurentia during final breakup of the Rodinia supercontinent, with subsequent closure during the Caledonian Orogeny. However, evidence of the pre‐opening juxtaposition of Baltica and Laurentia is limited to purportedly similar apparent polar wander paths and correlation of Rodinia‐forming orogenic events. We show that a range of existing data do not unequivocally support correlation of these orogens, and that geologic and palaeomagnetic data instead favour separation of Baltica and Laurentia as early as 1.1–1.2 Ga. Furthermore, new detrital zircon U–Pb age and Ar–Ar thermochronological data from Norway point towards an active western Baltican margin throughout most of the Neoproterozoic and early Palaeozoic. These findings are inconsistent with the majority of palaeogeographic reconstructions that place Baltica near the core of the Rodinia supercontinent.
Association of point‐of‐care blood variables obtained from dogs and cats during cardiopulmonary resuscitation and following return of spontaneous circulation with patient outcomes
Authors: Hoehne Sabrina N. , Hopper Kate , Epstein Steven E. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the association of point‐of‐care biochemical variables obtained during CPR or within 24 hours of return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) with patient outcomes.DesignRetrospective study.SettingUniversity teaching hospital.AnimalsNinety‐four dogs and 27 cats undergoing CPR according to the Reassessment Campaign on Veterinary Resuscitation guidelines.InterventionsNone.Measurements and Main ResultsBlood gas, acid–base, electrolyte, glucose, and plasma lactate values obtained during CPR or within 24 hours of ROSC were retrospectively evaluated and are described. The blood sample type and collection time with respect to CPR initiation and ROSC were recorded. Measured variables, collection times, and species were included in a multivariable logistic regression model to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval of ROSC, sustained ROSC (≥20 min), and survival to hospital discharge. Significance was set at P < 0.05. Seventy‐two venous blood samples obtained during CPR and 45 first venous and arterial blood samples obtained after ROSC were included in logistic regression analysis. During CPR, PvO2 (1.09 [1.036–1.148], P = 0.001) and venous standard base excess (SBE) (1.207 [1.094–1.331], P < 0.001) were associated with ROSC. PvO2 (1.075 [1.028–1.124], P = 0.002), SBE (1.171 [1.013–1.353], P = 0.032), and potassium concentration (0.635 [0.426–0.946], P = 0.026) were associated with sustained ROSC. Potassium concentration (0.235 [0.083–0.667], P = 0.007) was associated with survival to hospital discharge. Following ROSC, pH (69.110 [4.393–1087], P = 0.003), potassium concentration (0.222 [0.071–0.700], P = 0.010), and chloride concentration (0.805 [0.694–0.933], P = 0.004) were associated with survival to hospital discharge.ConclusionsBiochemical variables such as PvO2, SBE, and potassium concentration during CPR and pH, potassium, and chloride concentration in the postarrest period may help identify dogs and cats with lower odds for ROSC or survival to hospital discharge following CPR.
Red cell distribution width values and red cell distribution width‐to‐platelet ratio in Thoroughbred foals in the first 24 hours of life
Authors: Scalco Rebeca , Aleman Monica , Nogueira Carlos E. W. , Freitas Natalia B. , Curcio Bruna R. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectivesTo report red cell distribution width (RDW) values, to calculate RDW‐to‐platelet ratio (RPR), and to investigate a possible correlation of RDW and RPR index values in neonatal foals classified as healthy or at risk based on clinical information from a population of foals up to 24 hours of life.DesignRetrospective study conducted from records and CBCs of foals born between June and November from 2018 to 2020 foaling seasons.SettingBreeding farm.AnimalsThree hundred and nine neonatal full‐term Thoroughbred foals.InterventionsNone.Measurements and Main ResultsFoals were evaluated by a veterinarian within 15 minutes after birth, and a blood sample was collected within 24 hours of life. Based on clinical information, 88 of 309 foals (28.4%) were considered at risk of perinatal disease, and 201 were healthy. Mean gestational age for the foals was 346.3 ± 9.7 days. RDW values did not differ between groups. Gestational length demonstrated to have a negative correlation with RDW (r = –0.156, P = 0.005) and mean corpuscular volume (r = –0.135, P = 0.01), indicating a link of these variables to foal maturity. RPR index was higher for at‐risk (0.073 ± 0.018) than for healthy foals (0.068 ± 0.014, P = 0.01).ConclusionRPR might be a promising early indicator of disease for the field triage of neonatal foals.
Delineating the impacts of air temperature and humidity for endurance exercise
Authors: Jenkins Elliott J. , Campbell Holly A. , Lee Jason K. W. , Mündel Toby , Cotter James D. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMany studies have reported that ambient heat stress increases physiological and perceptual strain and impairs endurance exercise, but effects of air temperature per se remain almost unexamined. Most studies have used matched relative humidity, thereby exponentially increasing absolute humidity (water content in air) concurrently with temperature. Absolute (not relative) humidity governs evaporative rate and is more important at higher work rates and air temperatures. Therefore, we examined the independent effects of air temperature and humidity on performance, thermal, cardiovascular and perceptual measures during endurance exercise. Utilizing a crossover design, 14 trained participants (7 females) completed 45 min fixed‐intensity cycling (70% ) followed by a 20‐km time trial in each of four environments: three air temperatures at matched absolute humidity (Cool, 18°C; Moderate, 27°C; and Hot, 36°C; at 1.96 kPa, air velocity ∼4.5 m/s), and one at elevated humidity (Hot Humid, 36°C at 3.92 kPa). Warmer air caused warmer skin (0.5°C/°C; P < 0.001), higher heart rate (1 bpm/°C; P < 0.001), sweat rate (0.04 l/h/°C; P < 0.001) and thermal perceptions during fixed‐intensity exercise, but minimally affected core temperature (<0.01°C/°C; P = 0.053). Time‐trial performance was comparable between Cool and Moderate (95% CI: –1.4, 5.9%; P = 0.263), but 3.6–6% slower in Hot (95% CI: ±2.4%; P ≤ 0.006). Elevated humidity increased core temperature (P < 0.001), perceived temperature and discomfort but not skin temperature or heart rate, and reduced mean blood pressure (P = 0.046) during fixed‐intensity exercise. Elevated humidity impaired time‐trial performance by 3.4% (95% CI: ±2.2%; P = 0.006). In conclusion, these findings quantify the importance of absolute humidity alongside air temperature when exercising under severe heat stress.
The Separation of Liquid from Vapor, Using Cyclones
Authors: Pollak Arthur , Work L. T. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In this paper, the various types of cyclones are reviewed and the data on their performance are summarized. Experiments with cyclones for separating liquids from vapors are described. The performance data obtained conform to the equation log [Lv (V/L)a] = b + cV; where Lv is the entrainment or liquid remaining in the effluent vapor, V is the vapor velocity, L is the liquid velocity, all in units of pounds per minute per square foot of inlet-duct cross section. Terms a, b, and c are constants associated with the equipment and its mode of operation. The principal source of the entrainment is shown to be the wall creep of liquid in the cyclone, impelled by the radial component of the vapor velocity.
The Performance of Flat-Plate Solar-Heat Collectors
Authors: Hottel H. C. , Woertz B. B. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The great magnitude of solar-energy flux on the earth has stimulated a number of attempts at its more effective utilization during the last 60 years. Mouchot (1, 2) and Pifre (3, 2) in France, Shuman (4) in Egypt, Ericsson (5), Willsie (6), Shuman (7), and more recently Abbot (8) in America are but a few of the names associated with attempts to prove the economic feasibility of converting solar energy to heat and transferring that heat to the working fluid (steam, air, and sulphur dioxide have been used) of a heat engine. Recently Dr. Godfrey L. Cabot has made possible a continuing research on the problem by establishing an endowment at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology for studying means of more effective utilization of solar energy. Four projects are under way: three in the fields of photochemistry, photoelectricity, and thermoelectricity. The fourth follows the conventional attack on the problem, namely, the collection of solar energy in the form of heat in a fluid and the utilization of that heat. The present paper is a first quantitative report on progress in the last field.
Stability Characteristics of Turbine Oils
Authors: Peterson Howard R. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This paper reviews the phenomena of turbine oil oxidation, its effects on turbine lubrication, and the use of inhibitors. Service data on an inhibited turbine oil, free from asphaltene-forming constituents, manufactured by the author’s company and used in 560 turbines, are presented. These data show a retention of essential properties after 14 years of service. The problem of turbine corrosion is briefly dealt with, responsibility for its prevention being placed upon designers and operators as well as upon oil refiners.
A Method of Estimating the Circulation in Steam-Boiler-Furnace Circuits
Authors: Markson A. A. , Ravese T. , Humphreys C. G. R. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The estimation of the quantity of circulation in modern high-pressure boiler-furnace circuits is not essentially new, especially to the literature abroad. Methods popularized by Münzinger and others are based on an air-lift analogy and, while straightforward, are tedious of application. The method developed by the authors is essentially an inversion of the problem as previously conceived. It consists of solving a simple equation by the use of parametric circulation curves for the heat absorption corresponding to the leaving quality of the mixture. These are given for two assumed conditions of heat transfer, that of principal heat absorption at the bottom of the tube, and that of uniform heat absorption at the length of the tube up to the critical pressure. Most commercial applications are intermediate between these two assumptions. Examples are worked out in detail to show the application. Some effects of changing circuit design are illustrated. A method of obtaining the point of maximum circulation with respect to heat absorption directly is outlined.
Does Regular Exercise Impact the Lung Function of Healthy Children and Adolescents? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Balbinot Fernanda , Claudino Felipe César de Almeida , Lucas Pedro Kazlauckas , Martins Ana Paula Donadello , Wendland Eliana M. , Gerbase Margaret W. 
Published: December 2022

Purpose: To assess the quality of the available evidence on the effect of exercise for the improvement of lung function in healthy children and adolescents. Method: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of intervention studies examining the effects of regular exercise on spirometric parameters of healthy children and adolescents aged ≤18 years. Results: Within the exercise groups, there were significant improvements in forced vital capacity (mean difference: 0.17 L; 95% confidence interval, 0.07 to 0.26; P < .05) and forced expiratory volume in the first second (mean difference: 0.14 L; 95% confidence interval, 0.06 to 0.22; P < .05). Results were consistent across different age groups and duration of interventions. In the between-group analysis, forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in the first second, and peak expiratory flow were higher in the exercise group compared with the nonexercise group, but the differences did not reach statistical relevance. There was significant statistical heterogeneity between studies. Conclusion: Regular exercise has the potential to improve lung function parameters in healthy children and adolescents; however, the small number of studies and the heterogeneity between them raise concern about the quality of the currently available evidence. These findings bring to attention the need for well-designed trials addressing this important public health issue.
Deep magma mobilization years before the 2021 CE Fagradalsfjall eruption, Iceland
Authors: Kahl M. , Mutch E.J.F. , Maclennan J. , Morgan D.J. , Couperthwaite F. , Bali E. , Thordarson T. , Guðfinnsson G.H. , Walshaw R. , Buisman I. , Buhre S. , van der Meer Q.H.A. , Caracciolo A. , Marshall E.W. , Rasmussen M.B. , Gallagher C.R. , Moreland W.M. , Höskuldsson Á. , Askew R.A. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The deep roots of volcanic systems play a key role in the priming, initiation, and duration of eruptions. Causative links between initial magmatic unrest at depth and eruption triggering remain poorly constrained. The 2021 CE eruption at Fagradalsfjall in southwestern Iceland, the first deep-sourced eruption on a spreading-ridge system monitored with modern instrumentation, presents an ideal opportunity for comparing geophysical and petrological data sets to explore processes of deep magma mobilization. We used diffusion chronometry to show that deep magmatic unrest in the roots of volcanic systems can precede apparent geophysical eruption precursors by years, suggesting that early phases of magma accumulation and reorganization can occur in the absence of significant increases in shallow seismicity (&lt;7 km depth) or rapid geodetic changes. Closer correlation between geophysical and diffusion age records in the months and days prior to eruption signals the transition from a state of priming to full-scale mobilization in which magma begins to traverse the crust. Our findings provide new insights into the dynamics of near-Moho magma storage and mobilization. Monitoring approaches optimized to detect early phases of magmatic unrest in the lower crust, such as identification and location of deep seismicity, could improve our response to future eruptive crises.
Rapidly and slowly progressive neuromuscular disease: differences in pulmonary function, respiratory tract infections and response to lung volume recruitment therapy (LVR)
Authors: Sheers Nicole L , Berlowitz David J , Dirago Rebecca K , Naughton Phoebe , Henderson Sandra , Rigoni Alyssa , Saravanan Krisha , Rochford Peter , Howard Mark E 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionReduced lung volumes are a hallmark of respiratory muscle weakness in neuromuscular disease (NMD). Low respiratory system compliance (Crs) may contribute to restriction and be amenable to lung volume recruitment (LVR) therapy. This study evaluated respiratory function and the immediate impact of LVR in rapidly progressive compared to slowly progressive NMD.MethodsWe compared vital capacity (VC), static lung volumes, maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures (MIP, MEP), Crsand peak cough flow (PCF) in 80 adult participants with motor neuron disease (‘MND’=27) and more slowly progressive NMDs (‘other NMD’=53), pre and post a single session of LVR. Relationships between respiratory markers and a history of respiratory tract infections (RTI) were examined.ResultsParticipants with other NMD had lower lung volumes and Crsbut similar reduction in respiratory muscle strength compared with participants with MND (VC=1.30±0.77 vs 2.12±0.75 L, p<0.001; Crs=0.0331±0.0245 vs 0.0473±0.0241 L/cmH2O, p=0.024; MIP=39.8±21.3 vs 37.8±19.5 cmH2O). More participants with other NMD reported an RTI in the previous year (53% vs 22%, p=0.01). The likelihood of having a prior RTI was associated with baseline VC (%predicted) (OR=1.03 (95% CI 1.00 to 1.06), p=0.029). Published thresholds (VC<1.1 L or PCF<270 L/min) were, however, not associated with prior RTI.A single session of LVR improved Crs(mean (95% CI) increase = 0.0038 (0.0001 to 0.0075) L/cmH2O,p=0.047) but not VC.ConclusionThese findings corroborate the hypothesis that ventilatory restriction in NMD is related to weakness initially with respiratory system stiffness potentiating lung volume loss in slowly progressive disease. A single session of LVR can improve Crs. A randomised controlled trial of regular LVR is needed to assess longer-term effects.
Assessment of long-term sensor performance based on a large THM experiment in the HADES URL
Authors: Verstricht Jan , Nackaerts Dries , Li Xiang Ling , Leonard Didier , Levasseur Séverine , Van Geet Maarten 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
A monitoring plan is an important part of a disposal programme. Monitoring a deep geological repository for the disposal of radioactive waste faces several challenges. These may arise from the technically demanding environment in which the monitoring equipment must operate or from the potentially long period of time during which they must operate. Over the past decades, a lot of experience has been gained in monitoring experiments in underground research laboratories (URL).

Since the HADES URL became operational in the 1980s, thousands of sensors have been installed. To document the experience gained in this context, ONDRAF/NIRAS launched a research project to evaluate the performance of the monitoring equipment implemented in the HADES URL. This required developing a method to assess the performance of sensors in a consistent way. The methodology is explained in this paper and illustrated for the instruments installed to monitor the THM response of Boom Clay to the large-scale PRACLAY
in situ
experiment.
Improving Lung Cancer Diagnosis with CT Radiomics and Serum Histoplasmosis Testing
Authors: Marmor Hannah N. , Deppen Stephen A. , Welty Valerie , Kammer Michael N. , Godfrey Caroline M. , Patel Khushbu , Maldonado Fabien , Chen Heidi , Starnes Sandra L. , Wilson David O. , Billatos Ehab , Grogan Eric L. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackground:Indeterminate pulmonary nodules (IPN) are a diagnostic challenge in regions where pulmonary fungal disease and smoking prevalence are high. We aimed to determine the impact of a combined fungal and imaging biomarker approach compared with a validated prediction model (Mayo) to rule out benign disease and diagnose lung cancer.Methods:Adults ages 40 to 90 years with 6–30 mm IPNs were included from four sites. Serum samples were tested for histoplasmosis IgG and IgM antibodies by enzyme immunoassay and a CT-based risk score was estimated from a validated radiomic model. Multivariable logistic regression models including Mayo score, radiomics score, and IgG and IgM histoplasmosis antibody levels were estimated. The areas under the ROC curves (AUC) of the models were compared among themselves and to Mayo. Bias-corrected clinical net reclassification index (cNRI) was estimated to assess clinical reclassification using a combined biomarker model.Results:We included 327 patients; 157 from histoplasmosis-endemic regions. The combined biomarker model including radiomics, histoplasmosis serology, and Mayo score demonstrated improved diagnostic accuracy when endemic histoplasmosis was accounted for [AUC, 0.84; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.79–0.88; P &lt; 0.0001 compared with 0.73; 95% CI, 0.67–0.78 for Mayo]. The combined model demonstrated improved reclassification with cNRI of 0.18 among malignant nodules.Conclusions:Fungal and imaging biomarkers may improve diagnostic accuracy and meaningfully reclassify IPNs. The endemic prevalence of histoplasmosis and cancer impact model performance when using disease related biomarkers.Impact:Integrating a combined biomarker approach into the diagnostic algorithm of IPNs could decrease time to diagnosis.
Crizotinib Has Preclinical Efficacy in Philadelphia-Negative Myeloproliferative Neoplasms
Authors: Gurska Lindsay M. , Okabe Rachel , Schurer Alexandra , Tong Meng Maxine , Soto Mark , Choi Daniel , Ames Kristina , Glushakow-Smith Shira , Montoya Allison , Tein Ellen , Miles Linde A. , Cheng Haiying , Hankey-Giblin Pamela , Levine Ross L. , Goel Swati , Halmos Balazs , Gritsman Kira 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPurpose:The Philadelphia chromosome–negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) polycythemia vera, essential thrombocythemia, and primary myelofibrosis are characterized by JAK/STAT pathway activation. JAK inhibitors are approved for MPN treatment, but persistence has been observed, due to JAK/STAT reactivation.Experimental Design:Using MPN patient samples, JAK2-mutated cell lines, and MPN mouse models, we examined both the efficacy and mechanism by which crizotinib, the ALK/MET/RON/ROS1 inhibitor approved for the treatment of non–small cell lung cancer, alters MPN cell proliferation and JAK/STAT activation.Results:We found that crizotinib suppresses proliferation and activation of JAK/STAT signaling, and decreases the disease burden in the JAK2V617F mouse model of MPN. Furthermore, we found that crizotinib could overcome JAK inhibitor persistence to ruxolitinib. Interestingly, phosphorylation of the crizotinib target RON kinase was enhanced in ruxolitinib-persistent cells. We show that phospho-JAK2 and phospho-RON can physically interact to sustain JAK/STAT signaling, and that the combination of crizotinib and ruxolitinib disrupts this interaction. Furthermore, RON knockdown suppresses proliferation and activation of JAK/STAT signaling in JAK2-mutated cells, and RON deletion in a JAK2V617F mouse MPN model decreases the disease burden. We also observed RON hyperactivation in MPN patient cells, suggesting that RON may be an important target of crizotinib in MPN.Conclusions:In summary, we demonstrate that crizotinib has preclinical efficacy in MPN patient cells, JAK2-mutated cell lines, and a JAK2-mutated mouse model, and that the combination of crizotinib with JAK inhibitors suppresses JAK inhibitor persistence. Our work suggests that crizotinib should be investigated for the treatment of patients with MPN.
Unfree Labour and Value Productivity: Challenges for the Marxian Labour Theory of Value
Authors: Parkhurst Bryan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This paper explores the question: does unfree labour produce value? The paper does not answer the question. Rather, it contends that, no matter how Marxists answer the question, they end up either (1) relinquishing the view that labour is the only source of value or (2) appealing to an apparently bogus distinction in order to hang on to the view. Both of these alternatives will be unacceptable to the orthodox Marxian economist. For the choice is between jettisoning the labour theory of value and thus giving up on Marxian orthodoxy, or else frankly conceding that one’s orthodoxy is baseless and dogmatic.