bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A-71 Olympic team rowers and team swimmers show altered functional brain activation during working memory and action inhibition
Authors: Yao Z-F , Sligte I G , Ridderinkhof K R 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Purpose
High-level expertise in team-sports has been found to be associated with superior performance on executive functions (EFs) such as working memory (WM) and action inhibition, and with altered activation of brain areas related to these EFs. In most such studies, athletes were sampled from the domain of dynamic (i.e., open-skill) team-sports (e.g., soccer players). Whether static (i.e., closed-skill) team-sports athletes (e.g., rowers and synchronized swimmers) show superior EFs performance and differential EF-related functional brain activation as well remains unknown.

Methods
We recruited 14 elite closed-skill athletes, all national champions, and internationally competitive in various rowing disciplines, as well as 14 controls matched on gender, age, and education, and had them perform working memory and action inhibition (stop-signal) tasks during functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scanning.

Results
Group differences in performance in either task failed to obtain statistical significance, although athletes showed a numerical trend toward higher WM capacity than controls. Importantly, task-related BOLD responses suggested that Olympic closed-skill team athletes show stronger recruitment of brain areas that emphasize relatively stable task demands and weaker engagement of brain areas that emphasize rapidly changing demands imposed by extraneous stimulation.

Conclusions
Functional brain imaging data suggest that elite closed-skill athletes may employ different cognitive strategies.
The Health Impacts, Prevalence, and Acceptance Level of Cosmetics Interventions Among Females in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alghamdi Hussam Y , Alrashed Abdulaziz M , Alzahrani Sultan M , Altalhi Ibtisam A , Althubaiti Reema S , Abd-Elrahman Tamer M 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background
With the rising global desire for beauty, cosmetic interventions have increased. Saudi Arabia ranked 29 among the top 30 fastest growing countries for cosmetic procedures.

Objectives
This study aims to investigate the prevalence, acceptance level, and health impacts of cosmetic interventions among females in Saudi Arabia.

Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2022 to January 2023 among females living in Saudi Arabia. Participants’ acceptance of cosmetic interventions was assessed using an Arabic version of the validated Acceptance of Cosmetic Surgery Scale. The data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire.

Results
The study included 3007 females living in Saudi Arabia. About 58% of the participants were aged 18 to 25, and 72.9% were single. The prevalence of cosmetic interventions among the participants was 10%. A higher prevalence was observed among participants over 25 years, married, high economic status, employed, postgraduate, and participants recognizing the necessity of cosmetic interventions (P &lt; .001). High acceptance levels toward cosmetic interventions were observed among older, married, employed, and postgraduate respondents and those with high economic status (P &lt; .001). Meanwhile, knowing the adverse events of cosmetic interventions was associated with a low level of acceptance with a P-value of &lt;.001.

Conclusions
The present study demonstrated a surprising prevalence of cosmetic interventions among females in Saudi Arabia. However, below-average acceptance of these interventions among the same population was reported. This could be a result of the surrounding culture that does not support or encourage undergoing cosmetic interventions. Further studies are recommended to assess the prevalence of those interventions using objective tools, such as medical records.

Level of Evidence: 4
Characterization of chitinolytic bacteria newly isolated from the termite Microcerotermes sp. and their biocontrol potential against plant pathogenic fungi
Authors: Chanworawit Kittipong , Wangsoonthorn Pachara , Deevong Pinsurang 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
Chitinolytic bacteria were isolated from guts and shells of the termite Microcerotermes sp. Among the nineteen morphologically different chitinolytic isolates, three isolates with highest extracellular chitinase production ratio (≥2.26) were selected. Based on molecular identification of 16S rRNA gene sequences and biochemical characterizations using API test kits and MALDI-TOF MS, these isolates were closely related to Bacillus thuringiensis (Mc_E02) and Paenibacillus species (Mc_E07 and Mc_G06). Isolate Mc_E02 exhibited the highest chitinase-specific activity (2.45 U/mg protein) at 96 h of cultivation, and the enzyme activity was optimized at pH 7.0 and 45 °C. The isolate showed highest and broad-spectrum inhibitory effect against three phytopathogenic fungi (Curvularia lunata, Colletotrichum capsici, and Fusarium oxysporum). Its 36-kDa chitinase exhibited the biomass reduction and mycelium inhibition against all fungi, with highest effects to Curvularia lunata. This research provides novel information about termite chitinolytic bacteria and their effective chitinase, with potential use as biocontrol tool.
Uni-GBSA: an open-source and web-based automatic workflow to perform MM/GB(PB)SA calculations for virtual screening
Authors: Yang Maohua , Bo Zonghua , Xu Tao , Xu Bo , Wang Dongdong , Zheng Hang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBinding free energy calculation of a ligand to a protein receptor is a fundamental objective in drug discovery. Molecular mechanics/Generalized-Born (Poisson–Boltzmann) surface area (MM/GB(PB)SA) is one of the most popular methods for binding free energy calculations. It is more accurate than most scoring functions and more computationally efficient than alchemical free energy methods. Several open-source tools for performing MM/GB(PB)SA calculations have been developed, but they have limitations and high entry barriers to users. Here, we introduce Uni-GBSA, a user-friendly automatic workflow to perform MM/GB(PB)SA calculations, which can perform topology preparation, structure optimization, binding free energy calculation and parameter scanning for MM/GB(PB)SA calculations. It also offers a batch mode that evaluates thousands of molecules against one protein target in parallel for efficient application in virtual screening. The default parameters are selected after systematic testing on the PDBBind-2011 refined dataset. In our case studies, Uni-GBSA produced a satisfactory correlation with the experimental binding affinities and outperformed AutoDock Vina in molecular enrichment. Uni-GBSA is available as an open-source package at https://github.com/dptech-corp/Uni-GBSA. It can also be accessed for virtual screening from the Hermite web platform at https://hermite.dp.tech. A free Uni-GBSA web server of a lab version is available at https://labs.dp.tech/projects/uni-gbsa/. This increases user-friendliness because the web server frees users from package installations and provides users with validated workflows for input data and parameter settings, cloud computing resources for efficient job completions, a user-friendly interface and professional support and maintenance.
HiCLift: a fast and efficient tool for converting chromatin interaction data between genome assemblies
Authors: Wang Xiaotao , Yue Feng 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Motivation
With the continuous effort to improve the quality of human reference genome and the generation of more and more personal genomes, the conversion of genomic coordinates between genome assemblies is critical in many integrative and comparative studies. While tools have been developed for such task for linear genome signals such as ChIP-Seq, no tool exists to convert genome assemblies for chromatin interaction data, despite the importance of three-dimensional genome organization in gene regulation and disease.

Results
Here, we present HiCLift, a fast and efficient tool that can convert the genomic coordinates of chromatin contacts such as Hi-C and Micro-C from one assembly to another, including the latest T2T-CHM13 genome. Comparing with the strategy of directly remapping raw reads to a different genome, HiCLift runs on average 42 times faster (hours vs. days), while outputs nearly identical contact matrices. More importantly, as HiCLift does not need to remap the raw reads, it can directly convert human patient sample data, where the raw sequencing reads are sometimes hard to acquire or not available.

Availability and implementation
HiCLift is publicly available at https://github.com/XiaoTaoWang/HiCLift.
Categorising Demand for Child Welfare Services Using Latent Class Analysis: A Study of the National Data-sets on Children in Need in England
Authors: Hood Rick , Goldacre Allie , Jones Ed , King Adam , Clements Keith , Webb Calum 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In England, administrative data on children’s needs are recorded following a social work assessment. These data are typically used to understand prevalence of individual risk factors and to inform processes, such as the work of local safeguarding partners and multi-agency services. However, reporting individual factors at assessment cannot capture the complexity and heterogeneity of multiple and overlapping needs. This study aimed to identify common types of demand, via a limited number of clusters, using the factors recorded in a national data-set of over 4.2 million assessments carried out between 2014 and 2021, of which 3.6 million had at least one factor recorded. Latent class analysis was used to identify twelve distinct categories of demand for children’s social care services, which were consistent across local authorities. Conditional probabilities were used to interpret the demand represented by each category, in consultation with stakeholders. The most prevalent category was domestic abuse and violence (19.7 per cent), followed by complexities around parental mental health (18.4 per cent). Other categories included disability, child mental health, risks outside the home, complex domestic abuse and concerns about another person in the family or household. This article examines some of the operational and planning implications of categorising demand in this way.
The SSS revolution in fungal diagnostics: speed, simplicity and sensitivity
Authors: Baker Jacob , Denning David W 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroductionFungal disease has historically presented a diagnostic challenge due to its often non-specific clinical presentations, relative infrequency and reliance on insensitive and time-intensive fungal culture.Sources of dataWe present the recent developments in fungal diagnostics in the fields of serological and molecular diagnosis for the most clinically relevant pathogens; developments that have the potential to revolutionize fungal diagnosis through improvements in speed, simplicity and sensitivity. We have drawn on a body of evidence including recent studies and reviews demonstrating the effectiveness of antigen and antibody detection and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in patients with and without concurrent human immunodeficiency virus infection.Areas of agreementThis includes recently developed fungal lateral flow assays, which have a low cost and operator skill requirement that give them great applicability to low-resource settings. Antigen detection for Cryptococcus, Histoplasma and Aspergillus spp. are much more sensitive than culture. PCR for Candida spp., Aspergillus spp., Mucorales and Pneumocystis jirovecii is more sensitive than culture and usually faster.Areas of controversyEffort must be made to utilize recent developments in fungal diagnostics in clinical settings outside of specialist centres and integrate their use into standard medical practice. Given the clinical similarities of the conditions and frequent co-infection, further study is required into the use of serological and molecular fungal tests, particularly in patients being treated for tuberculosis.Growing pointsFurther study is needed to clarify the utility of these tests in low-resource settings confounded by a high prevalence of tuberculosis.Areas timely for developing researchThe diagnostic utility of these tests may require revision of laboratory work flows, care pathways and clinical and lab coordination, especially for any facility caring for the immunosuppressed, critically ill or those with chronic chest conditions, in whom fungal disease is common and underappreciated.
Management of transient bone osteoporosis: a systematic review
Authors: Migliorini Filippo , Vecchio Gianluca , Weber Christian David , Kämmer Daniel , Bell Andreas , Maffulli Nicola 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Transient bone osteoporosis (TBO) is characterized by persistent pain, loss of function, no history of trauma and magnetic resonance image (MRI) findings of bone marrow edema.

Source of data
PubMed, Google scholar, EMABSE and Web of Science were accessed in February 2023. No time constrains were used for the search.

Areas of agreement
TBO is rare and misunderstood, typically affecting women during the third trimester of pregnancy or middle-aged men, leading to functional disability for 4–8 weeks followed by self-resolution of the symptoms.

Areas of controversy
Given the limited evidence in the current literature, consensus on optimal management is lacking.

Growing points
This systematic review investigates current management of TBO.

Areas timely for developing research
A conservative approach leads to the resolution of symptoms and MRI findings at midterm follow-up. Administration of bisphosphonates might alleviate pain and accelerate both clinical and imaging recovery.
Corticomuscular and intermuscular coherence are correlated after stroke: a simplified motor control?
Authors: Delcamp Célia , Gasq David , Cormier Camille , Amarantini David 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDuring movement, corticomuscular coherence is a measure of central-peripheral communication, while intermuscular coherence is a measure of the amount of common central drive to the muscles. Although these two measures are modified in stroke subjects, no author has explored a correlation between them, neither in stroke subjects nor in healthy subjects. Twenty-four chronic stroke subjects and 22 healthy control subjects were included in this cohort study, and they performed 20 active elbow extension movements. The electroencephalographic and electromyographic activity of the elbow flexors and extensors were recorded. Corticomuscular and intermuscular coherence were calculated in the time–frequency domain for each limb of stroke and control subjects. Partial rank correlations were performed to study the link between these two variables. Our results showed a positive correlation between corticomuscular and intermuscular coherence only for stroke subjects, for their paretic and non-paretic limbs (P &lt; 0.022; Rho &gt; 0.50). These results suggest, beyond the cortical and spinal hypotheses to explain them, that stroke subjects present a form of simplification of motor control. When central-peripheral communication increases, it is less modulated and more common to the muscles involved in the active movement. This motor control simplification suggests a new way of understanding the plasticity of the neuromuscular system after stroke.
The electrophysiology and structural difference between humans with distinct risky preference: a study based on EEG and MRI
Authors: Si Yajing , Jiang Lin , Yi Chanlin , Zhang Tao , Feng Yu , Li Peiyang , Wan Feng , Li Ping , Yao Dezhong , Li Fali , Xu Peng 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Risky decision-making is affected by past feedback, especially after encountering the beneficial loss in the past decision-making round, yet little is known about the mechanism accounting for the distinctive decision-making that different individuals may make under the past loss context. We extracted decision functional medial frontal negative (MFN) and the cortical thickness (CT) from multi-modality electroencephalography (EEG) and T1-weighted structural MRI (sMRI) datasets to assess the individual risky decision under the past loss context. First, concerning the MFN, the low-risk group (LRG) exhibits larger MFN amplitude and longer reaction time than the high-risk group (HRG) when making risky decisions under the loss context. Subsequently, the sMRI analysis reveals a greater CT in the left anterior insula (AI) for HRG compared with LRG, and a greater CT in AI is associated with a high level of impulsivity, driving individuals to make risky choices under the past loss context. Furthermore, for all participants, the corresponding risky decision behavior could be exactly predicted as a correlation coefficient of 0.523 was acquired, and the classification by combing the MFN amplitude and the CT of the left AI also achieves an accuracy of 90.48% to differentiate the two groups. This study may offer new insight into understanding the mechanism that accounts for the inter-individual variability of risky decisions under the loss context and denotes new indices for the prediction of the risky participants.
No Immunological Interference or Safety Concerns When Adjuvanted Recombinant Zoster Vaccine Is Coadministered With a Coronavirus Disease 2019 mRNA-1273 Booster Vaccine in Adults Aged 50 Years and Older: A Randomized Trial
Authors: Naficy Abdi , Kuxhausen Adrienne , Pirrotta Paola , Leav Brett , Miller Jacqueline , Anteyi Kate , Danier Jasur , Breuer Thomas , Mwakingwe-Omari Agnes 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background
There is growing consensus that coronavirus disease 2019 booster vaccines may be coadministered with other age-appropriate vaccines. Adding to the limited available data supporting coadministration, especially with adjuvanted vaccines, could enhance vaccine coverage in adults.

Methods
In this phase 3, randomized, open-label study, eligible adults aged ≥50 years were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive mRNA-1273 (50 µg) booster vaccination and a first dose of recombinant zoster vaccine (RZV1) 2 weeks apart (Seq group) or concomitantly (Coad group). The second RZV dose (RZV2) was administered 2 months post-RZV1 in both groups. Primary objectives were noninferiority of anti–glycoprotein E (gE) and anti–spike protein antibody responses in the Coad group compared to the Seq group. Safety and further immunogenicity assessments were secondary objectives.

Results
In total, 273 participants were randomized to the Seq group and 272 to the Coad group. Protocol-specified noninferiority criteria were met. The adjusted geometric mean concentration ratio (Seq/Coad) was 1.01 (95% confidence interval [CI], .89–1.13) for anti-gE antibodies 1 month post-RZV2, and 1.09 (95% CI, .90–1.32) for anti–spike antibodies 1 month post–mRNA-1273 booster. No clinically relevant differences were observed in overall frequency, intensity, or duration of adverse events between the 2 study groups. Most solicited adverse events were mild/moderate in intensity, each with median duration ≤2.5 days. Administration site pain and myalgia were the most frequently reported in both groups.

Conclusions
Coadministration of mRNA-1273 booster vaccine with RZV in adults aged ≥50 years was immunologically noninferior to sequential administration and had a safety and reactogenicity profile consistent with both vaccines administered sequentially.
Clinical Trials Registration. NCT05047770.
Commercial Immunoglobulin Products Contain Neutralizing Antibodies Against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Spike Protein
Authors: Upasani Vinit , Townsend Katie , Wu Mary Y , Carr Edward J , Hobbs Agnieszka , Dowgier Giulia , Ragno Martina , Herman Lou S , Sharma Sonal , Shah Devesh , Lee Simon F K , Chauhan Neil , Glanville Julie M , Neave Lucy , Hanson Steven , Ravichandran Sriram , Tynan Aoife , O’Sullivan Mary , Moreira Fernando , Workman Sarita , Symes Andrew , Burns Siobhan O , Tadros Susan , Hart Jennifer C L , Beale Rupert C L , Gandhi Sonia , Wall Emma C , McCoy Laura , Lowe David M 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background
Patients with antibody deficiency respond poorly to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination and are at risk of severe or prolonged infection. They are given long-term immunoglobulin replacement therapy (IRT) prepared from healthy donor plasma to confer passive immunity against infection. Following widespread COVID-19 vaccination alongside natural exposure, we hypothesized that immunoglobulin preparations will now contain neutralizing severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike antibodies, which confer protection against COVID-19 disease and may help to treat chronic infection.

Methods
We evaluated anti–SARS-CoV-2 spike antibody in a cohort of patients before and after immunoglobulin infusion. Neutralizing capacity of patient samples and immunoglobulin products was assessed using in vitro pseudovirus and live-virus neutralization assays, the latter investigating multiple batches against current circulating Omicron variants. We describe the clinical course of 9 patients started on IRT during treatment of COVID-19.

Results
In 35 individuals with antibody deficiency established on IRT, median anti-spike antibody titer increased from 2123 to 10 600 U/mL postinfusion, with corresponding increase in pseudovirus neutralization titers to levels comparable to healthy donors. Testing immunoglobulin products directly in the live-virus assay confirmed neutralization, including of BQ1.1 and XBB variants, but with variation between immunoglobulin products and batches.
Initiation of IRT alongside remdesivir in patients with antibody deficiency and prolonged COVID-19 infection (median 189 days, maximum &gt;900 days with an ancestral viral strain) resulted in clearance of SARS-CoV-2 at a median of 20 days.

Conclusions
Immunoglobulin preparations now contain neutralizing anti–SARS-CoV-2 antibodies that are transmitted to patients and help to treat COVID-19 in individuals with failure of humoral immunity.
Spatial and temporal dispersion of Doryctobracon areolatus (Szépligeti) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) in orchards infested with Anastrepha fraterculus (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae)
Authors: Piovesan Bruna , Gonçalves Rafael da Silva , Nörnberg Sandro Daniel , Llano Jesus Hernando Gomez , Contreras-Miranda Javier , Bernardi Daniel , Nava Dori Edson 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Doryctobracon areolatus (Szépligeti) is an endoparasitoid and promising fruit fly control agent. The objective of the study was to determine the spatial (horizontal and vertical) and temporal dispersion of D. areolatus in the field. To evaluate the horizontal and temporal dispersion, two peach orchards were selected. In each orchard, 50 points were marked at different distances from the central point, from where 4,100 couples of D. areolatus were released. Four hours after release, parasitism units (PU) (3 per point) were fixed to the trees at a height of 1.5 m from the ground. The PUs were composed of ripe apples artificially infested with second instar larvae of Anastrepha fraterculus (30 larvae/fruit). For the evaluation of vertical dispersion, in an olive orchard six points were selected (trees of ≈4 m in height). Each tree was divided into three heights in relation to the ground (1.17, 2.34, and 3.51 m). Doryctobracon areolatus was able to disperse horizontally at a distance &gt;60 m from the release point. However, the highest parasitism rates [15–45% (area 1); 15–27% (area 2)] were observed up to 25 m. Higher percentages of parasitism and of recovered offspring occur in the first days after the release of the parasitoid (2 DAR). As for vertical dispersion, D. areolatus parasitized A. fraterculus larvae up to the highest attachment height of the evaluated PUs (3.51). The results showed the potential use of D. areolatus in the management of fruit flies in the field.