bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
International Cooperation When Mistrust Deepens
Authors: 6 Perri , Heims Eva 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Why do states commit so resiliently to cooperating in multilateral regimes with other states, even while mistrust deepens and even while they may be preparing for war with those states? This puzzle is as urgent today, as international organizations struggle amid resurgent tensions among great powers, as it has been since international regulatory regimes first emerged. This book presents a novel explanation which draws upon neo-Durkheimian institutional theory. It shows that specific forms of social organization in government can cultivate particular types of institutional buffering between aspects of external policy which can sustain commitment despite deepening conflict. To study the puzzle over a long period, and in a case when there was no long-established practice of cooperation in global bodies during rising tensions, this study examines Britain’s relations with the first global regulatory regime, which was for international telegraphy, submarine telegraph cables, and radiotelegraphy from the 1860s to the outbreak of war in 1914. The regime was created in a period of European wars, yet cooperation, not least between Britain and Germany, deepened in telegraphy even as the Great War neared. Despite growing imperial conflicts and despite seriously contemplating leaving the International Telegraph Union in 1901–1902, Britain became ever more closely involved with the three limbs of the regime. Drawing on extensive archival sources, the study shows that the neo-Durkheimian approach can provide a more satisfying and powerful explanation for deepening cooperation even as mistrust rises than many better-known theories, and that it has significant implications for understanding state formation.
Difficult transition to parallel integration: radiotelegraphy
Authors: 6 Perri , Heims Eva 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Radiotelegraphy’s development in the 1890s presented difficult challenges for buffering, because of the technology’s early adoption by navies. Transitions in government discussed in previous chapters enabled departments to achieve parallel integrated buffering in radiotelegraphy by 1906–1907, after internal conflict between the General Post Office (GPO) and the Admiralty, enabling Britain to adhere to the international telegraphy regime’s third strand. After being at loggerheads after 1903, by 1912, Britain and Germany were able to work amicably together, precisely because internal parallel integrated buffering in British government had been secured. This form of buffering also helped to sustain British commitment to the whole three-part regime in the aftermath of the Great War.
One-year results of an eHealth intervention on anxiety in patients undergoing abdominal aortic aneurysm surgery: randomized clinical trial
Authors: Nilsson Olga , Stenman Malin , Letterstål Anna , Hultgren Rebecka 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
The longitudinal effects of educational interventions in people with abdominal aortic aneurysm are largely unexplored. This prospective study investigated whether the anxiety-lowering effect of an eHealth intervention observed at the 1-month follow-up is maintained 1 year after abdominal aortic aneurysm surgery.

Methods
Those scheduled for surgical repair of abdominal aortic aneurysm were recruited in a single-centre randomized clinical trial. The control group received care and follow-up per the institution’s standard. The intervention group received an eHealth tool along with psychosocial support. The 1-month results have been reported. The primary outcome measure was the anxiety mean score (HADS-A).

Results
Of 120 included participants, 96 completed the 1-year follow-up (48 in each treatment group). The mean age was 73 years, a majority (86%) were male and 73% were current or previous smokers. Anxiety symptoms measured with the HADS-A decreased over time in both the intervention group (−0.33) and the control group (−0.35, P = 0.868). The improvements in anxiety symptoms seen in the short-term follow-up were not sustained at the 1-year follow-up. No significant mean score differences were found in the intention-to-treat or per-protocol analyses.

Conclusion
In this randomized clinical trial, an eHealth intervention did not result in a sustained reduction in anxiety symptoms compared with standard care in the same cohort. The study provides an insight into the limited acceptability of an eHealth tool in people with abdominal aortic aneurysm and valuable data on the recovery trajectory following open and endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm surgery. Further research is warranted to evaluate the relevance and long-term effectiveness of eHealth interventions in abdominal aortic aneurysm care.

Registration number
NCT03157973 (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov).
Lipopolysaccharide-induced active telocyte exosomes alleviate lipopolysaccharide-induced vascular barrier disruption and acute lung injury via the activation of the miRNA-146a-5p/caspase-3 signaling pathway in endothelial cells
Authors: Huang Xiaoqin , Zhang Haoran , Luo Yuhong , Yi Xin , Zhou Zengding , Guo Feng , Yi Lei 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced apoptosis of lung microvascular endothelial cells (ECs) is the main reason of lung edema and acute lung injury (ALI) in septic conditions. Telocytes (TCs) are a distinct type of interstitial cells found around the lung microvasculature, which may protect ECs through the release of shed vesicles. However, whether TCs protect against LPS-induced EC apoptosis and ALI has not been determined.

Methods
The protective effects of TCs on ECs were assessed in vitro using transwell assays and flow cytometry, and in vivo using an LPS-induced mouse ALI model. RNA sequencing was used to identify miRNA-146a-5p as a key component of TC-derived exosomes. The functions of miRNA-146a-5p were further evaluated by western blotting, flow cytometry, and transendothelial electrical resistance measurements.

Results
We demonstrated that LPS stimulation induced the secretion of active exosomes from TCs, which inhibited LPS-mediated apoptosis of ECs and reduced ALI in mice. Moreover, miRNA-146a-5p was identified as the main bioactive molecule in TC-derived exosomes, capable of inhibiting LPS-induced caspase-3 activation and apoptosis in ECs.

Conclusions
Our results indicate that TCs effectively prevent LPS-induced EC apoptosis and ALI through the release of exosomes, with subsequent activation of the miRNA-146a-5p/caspase-3 signaling pathway in ECs.
Simultaneous Quantification of Biogenic Amines and their Metabolites in Mice Tissue by Combining Ultraviolet and Integrated Pulsed Amperometric Detectors
Authors: Yoon Hae-Jee , Kim Jin Hee , Oh Myung Sook , Hong Seon-Pyo , Kwon Ha-Jeong 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We developed a reversed-phased high-performance liquid chromatographic method combining ultraviolet detection and integrated pulsed amperometric detection for the simultaneous quantification of dopamine, 5-hydroxyindolacetic acid, homovanillic acid, serotonin, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, norepinephrine and epinephrine. All target components were completely separated in a C18 column with isocratic elution of 5% acetonitrile solution containing 8 mM HClO4 and 0.20 mM 1-octanesulfonic acid as an ion pairing reagent. This method showed limits of detection of 0.03–0.1 ng and limits of quantification of 0.10–0.3 ng with linear regression coefficients of 0.9998–1.0000. All inter-day and intra-day precision values were below 9.58%, and the average recoveries were 93.71–109.82% for mouse striatum samples. The mean levels of the seven components in striatal brain tissue in a mouse model of Parkinson’s disease decreased by 2–12 times compared to those of a control group. In particular, the decrease in dopamine, 5-hydroxyindolacetic acid and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid was statistically significant (P &lt; 0.05). Orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis confirmed that the seven components are useful biomarkers. The significance of the developed method lies in its ability to simultaneously analyze seven biogenic amines related to Parkinson’s disease by combining two detectors, offering a simple and cost-effective approach for clinical and biological labs.
Research on peanut pedigree analysis and variety identification methods based on deep features extraction and hierarchical clustering
Authors: Hua Zhenlu , Liu Xiaoyang , Zhang Runzhe , Jia Xiaofei , Zhao Longgang , Qiao Lixian , Deng Limiao 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In order to screen high-quality peanut pod varieties on food processing production lines and promote the sustainable development of the peanut as well as the expansion of its consumer market, this study improved the recognition ability of peanut pod varieties and the efficiency of deep feature extraction by optimizing the ResNet50 deep learning network model. Experimental results showed that the accuracy of the optimized network model reached 91.6%, which was 2.1% higher than the original ResNet50 model. Additionally, this study extracted the deep features of the appearance morphology of peanut pods, used the agglomerative clustering method to explore the genetic relationship of hybrid offspring varieties under the same line, and constructed a pedigree diagram containing 18 varieties. These research findings provide a crucial scientific foundation for the cultivation of high-quality peanut varieties. The selected high-quality peanuts not only enhance the added value of the peanut industry but also further expand the market potential of peanut by-products.
Cystic Breast Disease: What to Do When It’s Not So Cystic
Authors: Bhatt Asha A , Harper Laura K , Anderson Sarah , Solanki Malvika H , Ataya Dana K 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Cystic breast masses are a common entity encountered by breast radiologists. The imaging features of benign and malignant cystic masses may overlap, causing confusion and miscategorization with the potential to produce diagnostic delay and harm. This article provides a review of key differentiating imaging features that help guide appropriate mass characterization and treatment.
Benchmarking in inflammatory bowel disease: lessons from Australia and New Zealand
Authors: Litwin Peter , Andrews Jane 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a complex chronic disease estimated to affect almost 1% of the Western population, where proactive care has largely replaced a reactive approach. Whilst there have also been great strides in new care models and therapies, care quality, and outcomes are poorly known, leaving us designing and delivering services without an effective feedback loop.
Quality of care, guidelines, consensus statements, and standards will each be discussed, as a solid understanding of these concepts is essential.
Assessing quality involves measuring the 3 core domains of structure, process, and outcomes. Benchmarking is an extension of quality assessment, which is recurrent or continuous and enables transparent, valid comparisons of quality between care sites. Assessment of QUALITY and BENCHMARKING are resource intensive unless processes are automated and use routinely collected data generated in the moments of care. Digital tools now provide realistic opportunities to make this affordable and sustainable, though concerns around privacy and security hamper solutions, whilst siloed data within institutions restrict comparative use.
One novel solution to enable IBD benchmarking has been developed in Australia and New Zealand (ANZ). Crohn’s Colitis Care (CCCare) is a cloud-based, IBD-specific EMR, now being used in routine care documentation at 22 sites across ANZ. De-identified data feed from CCCare’s clinical module into a Clinical Quality Registry, in which audit, research, and benchmarking can be performed. The pathway from conception to implementation will be presented.
Lessons learnt from the ANZ benchmarking journey will be discussed and suggestions for an effective global approach to IBD data will be proposed.
What is wrong with the international business tax system?
Authors: Vella John 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Despite wave after wave of reform, the existing international business tax system remains poor. This article evaluates the system against five standard evaluative criteria: economic efficiency, robustness to profit shifting, fairness, ease of administration, and incentive compatibility, and concludes that it performs poorly on all five. The article argues that the root cause of this poor performance is the underlying fundamental structure of the system, in particular its origin basis and the separate entity approach.
The Atlas of Protein–Protein Interactions in Cancer (APPIC)—a webtool to visualize and analyze cancer subtypes
Authors: Ahn Benjamin , Chou Charissa , Chou Caden , Chen Jennifer , Zug Amelia , Baykara Yigit , Claus Jessica , Hacking Sean M , Uzun Alper , Gamsiz Uzun Ece D 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Cancer is a complex disease with heterogeneous mutational and gene expression patterns. Subgroups of patients who share a phenotype might share a specific genetic architecture including protein–protein interactions (PPIs). We developed the Atlas of Protein–Protein Interactions in Cancer (APPIC), an interactive webtool that provides PPI subnetworks of 10 cancer types and their subtypes shared by cohorts of patients. To achieve this, we analyzed publicly available RNA sequencing data from patients and identified PPIs specific to 26 distinct cancer subtypes. APPIC compiles biological and clinical information from various databases, including the Human Protein Atlas, Hugo Gene Nomenclature Committee, g:Profiler, cBioPortal and Clue.io. The user-friendly interface allows for both 2D and 3D PPI network visualizations, enhancing the usability and interpretability of complex data. For advanced users seeking greater customization, APPIC conveniently provides all output files for further analysis and visualization on other platforms or tools. By offering comprehensive insights into PPIs and their role in cancer, APPIC aims to support the discovery of tumor subtype-specific novel targeted therapeutics and drug repurposing. APPIC is freely available at https://appic.brown.edu.
Decentralized worker-centred occupational management in health care: nationwide survey and alpha testing
Authors: Barrit S , Abene S , de Froidmont A , André J , El Hadwe S , Al Barajraj M , Niset A 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Occupational stress among healthcare workers negatively impacts job satisfaction and patient care quality, jeopardizing healthcare system sustainability. Traditional employer-driven approaches often fail to address these challenges comprehensively, leading to persistent gaps in work condition transparency and well-being.

Aims
To elucidate the working conditions of health workers and introduce a worker-centred, technology-based strategy moving beyond traditional practices and entrenched medical culture.

Methods
A nationwide survey of Belgian medical residents evaluated occupational conditions and perceptions of management practices. Additionally, the alpha version of a decentralized mobile application was tested to gather user satisfaction and feedback on its usability. The data were surveyed using Pearson’s chi-squared and Kruskal–Wallis rank sum tests to assess associations between categorical and ordinal variables, respectively. Alpha-testing results were evaluated using descriptive statistics.

Results
The nationwide survey, involving 257 participants, revealed significant associations between medical specialty, work choices and compensation. Notably, 91% of participants expressed strong interest in our proposed open, decentralized solution. In the alpha testing phase, 12 testers reported high satisfaction regarding time-tracking accuracy and payroll verification, though challenges related to administrative burden were also identified.

Conclusions
The findings underscore the need for innovative, worker-centred occupational management solutions. The proposed solution shows promise in improving autonomy and transparency, potentially enhancing healthcare delivery and sustainability.
Laboratory Confirmation of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection Is Not Associated With an Increased Risk of Death in Adults With Acute Respiratory Illness
Authors: Kline Jeffrey A , Welch Robert D , Kabrhel Christopher , Courtney Daniel Mark , Camargo Carlos A ,   RESP-LENS site investigators, Roshon Michael J , Turner-Lawrence Danielle E , Puskarich Michael A , Gordon Ngai Ka Ming , Hunter Benton R , Bledsoe Joseph , d'Ettiene James K , Lim Stephen S , Kabrhel Christopher W , Choo Esther J , Moore Steven M H , Buck Katherine R , Beiser David M , Galbraith James G , Thoppil Joby E , Kelly Chris , Castillo Edward W , Green-Hopkins Israel E , Nordenholz Kristen S , Guirgis Faheem C , Wilson Bryan , Pulia Michael L , House Stacey , Pagenhardt Justine M 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Limited data have described the testing patterns and outcomes of adults (≥18 years) with acute respiratory illness (ARI) in the emergency department setting.

Methods
This prospective cohort study includes patients with ARI from a program sponsored by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention entitled Respiratory Virus Laboratory Emergency Department Network Surveillance (RESP-LENS) from August 2021 until March 2024 (91 hospitals). Patients with ARIs were identified weekly by electronic surveillance for 1 or more of 130 ICD-10 codes that defined ARI. Patients were followed for 30 days for the primary outcomes of hospitalization and mortality. Testing for RSV with nasopharyngeal swabbing followed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was done as part of usual care. Risk of 30-day mortality and RSV positivity was tested in a generalized estimating equation.

Results
From 1 210 394 patients with ARI, 345 185 (28.5%) adults underwent RSV testing, which was positive in 2.4%. In adults who were RSV+, the overall mortality rate was 1.9% as compared with 2.9% in adults who were RSV−. Mortality with RSV+ status increased with age ≥65 years to 3.8% (95% CI, 3.1%–4.5%). However, in the generalized estimating equation, RSV+ status was not associated with a higher rate of hospitalization (adjusted odds, 0.79; 95% CI, .75–.84) or 30-day mortality (odds, 0.62; 95% CI, .53–.74) relative to those who were RSV–. Age ≥65 years, incremental worsening of vital signs, male sex, and heart failure were independently associated with death.

Conclusions
Among adults with ARI presenting to an emergency department who were tested for RSV as part of their usual care, laboratory-confirmed RSV positivity was not associated with increased risk, including hospitalization, intensive care unit requirement, or death.
Detection of Pneumococcal Carriage in Asymptomatic Healthcare Workers
Authors: Waghela Pari , Davis Raechel , Campbell Melissa , Datta Rupak , Hislop Maikel S , Vega Noel J , Wurst Loren , Yolda-Carr Devyn , Couch Luke , Hernandez Michael , Grant Lindsay R , Alexander-Parrish Ronika , Arguedas Adriano , Gessner Bradford D , Martinello Richard A , Weinberger Daniel M , Wyllie Anne L 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Healthcare workers are at increased risk of exposure to respiratory pathogens including Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus). While little asymptomatic carriage has been reported in young-to-middle-aged adults, this may be due to nonsensitive diagnostic methods. The aim of the current study was to investigate the rates of pneumococcal carriage in a large cohort of healthcare workers, using saliva as a respiratory specimen.

Methods
We evaluated pneumococcal carriage in convenience samples of saliva, self-collected from asymptomatic healthcare workers (Connecticut, USA) who were testing for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) from 30 March to 11 June 2020. DNA extracted from the culture-enriched saliva was later tested using quantitative polymerase chain reaction for piaB, lytA, and serotype. Saliva samples were considered positive for pneumococcus when the piaB cycle threshold value was &lt;40.

Results
Study participants were 22–74 years old (mean age, 38.5 years), 75% female, 75% white, and with occupations including registered nurses (48%), medical doctors (23%), and patient care assistants (5%). Overall, 138 of 1241 samples (11%) from 86 of 392 individuals (21%) tested piaB positive at some point during the 4-month study period, with 28 (33%) colonized individuals positive at multiple time points. Carriers reflected the overall study population. No significant demographic characteristics were associated with detection of pneumococcus. Colonized individuals primarily carried serotypes 19F (25.6%) and 3 (12.8%).

Conclusions
During a period of mandatory masking, we identified a cumulative pneumococcal carriage prevalence of 21% among healthcare workers. This study highlights that healthcare workers may act as unrecognized reservoirs of pneumococcus in the population. Despite long-standing pediatric immunization programs, vaccine-targeted serotypes continue to be prevalent among the adult population.
6‐Nitrodopamine potentiates catecholamine‐induced contractions of human isolated vas deferens
Authors: Lima Antonio Tiago , Jabbour Sami , Britto‐Júnior José , de Carvalho Demétrio Martinho Ramos , Fregonesi Adriano , Mariano Fernanda V. , de Souza Valéria Barbosa , Schenka Andre Almeida , Antunes Edson , De Nucci Gilberto 
Published: January 2025

Abstract6‐Nitrodopamine (6‐ND) is the main catecholamine released from human isolated vas deferens and the adrenergic nervous system is known to play a major role in the contractions of the epididymal portion of the vas deferens. Here it was investigated the interactions of 6‐ND on the contractions of the human isolated vas deferens induced by either classical catecholamines or electric‐field stimulation (EFS). The vas deferens obtained from 106 patients who underwent vasectomy surgery were mounted in a 10‐mL glass chamber filled with warmed (37°C) and oxygenated Krebs–Henseleit's solution. The strips were pretreated (30 min) with 6‐ND (0.1–100 nM) and exposed to increasing concentrations of noradrenaline (0.01–300 M), dopamine (0.00001–10 mM), or adrenaline (0.01–300 M). The strips were also submitted to EFS in tissues pre‐incubated or not with 6‐ND (1–100 nM), noradrenaline (100 nM), adrenaline (100 nM), or dopamine (100 nM). Catecholamine basal release was evaluated by LC–MS/MS and expression of tyrosine hydroxylase by both immunohistochemistry (IC) and fluorescence in‐situ hybridization (FISH). Pre‐incubation of the vas deferens with 6‐ND caused marked potentiation of the contractions induced by noradrenaline, adrenaline, and dopamine, as characterized by significant increases in Emax, without changes in pEC50 values. 6‐nitrodopamine also caused significant increases in the EFS‐induced contractions. The basal release of 6‐ND was not affected by pre‐treatment of the tissues with tetrodotoxin. Tyrosine hydroxylase was detected in epithelial cells of human vas deferens samples by both IC and FISH. The results clearly demonstrate that epithelium‐derived 6‐ND is a major modulator of human vas deferens contractility.