bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding the Risk Factors of Spousal Violence Victimization Using Machine Learning and Network Approaches
Authors: Xu Xuexin , Ong Hui Lin , Lai Pierce , Ting Ming Hwa , Wong Wah Ming , Chu Chi Meng 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Identifying pertinent risk factors is an essential first step for early detection and upstream prevention of spousal violence. However, limited research has examined the risk factors of spousal violence in the Asian context. This study aimed to understand the spousal violence issue in Singapore by (1) identifying the pertinent risk factors that could predict the likelihood of applying for a Personal Protection Order (PPO) - an order restraining a respondent from committing family violence against a person, and (2) understanding the relationship between various risk factors and the likelihood of PPO application.

Method
Linked administrative data of ever-married Singapore residents born in 1980 and 1985 (N = 51,853) were analyzed, using machine learning and network approaches.

Results
Results indicated that the pertinent risk factors associated with PPO application included lower educational attainment, staying in a public rental flat, early marriage and parenthood, childhood maltreatment, prior history of being respondent to PPO, offending behaviors, and mental illness.

Conclusions
Findings could aid in identifying individuals and families at-risk and informing upstream efforts to combat spousal violence issues. First responders, such as police or social workers, could utilize the relevant risk factor as a guide in cases of suspected family violence to identify at-risk individuals and families in a timely manner and minimize adverse effects.
Revalorization of sheep-wool keratin for the preparation of fully biobased printable inks
Authors: Ugarte Lorena , Fernández-d’Arlas Borja , Larraza Izaskun , Berra Garazi , Gabilondo Nagore , Eceiza Arantxa 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSheep wool waste has become a problem affecting the environment, as today the wool of most species has no commercial application and is considered a waste product. Sheep’s wool is mainly composed of keratin which, due to its protein nature and multiple functional groups, has attracted great interest in applications such as support materials in tissue engineering, bioactive materials, and targeted drug delivery. Support materials can be fabricated by 3D printing by syringe extrusion. However, keratin is not suitable for this technique as it does not present proper rheological characteristics. Alginate, a biopolymer derived from brown seaweed, offers a wide range of viscosities at room temperature and offers good performance in 3D printing. Thus, keratin and alginate-based mixtures, due to their properties and ecoefficiency, are interesting candidates to prepare 3D-printed scaffolds. The aim of this work was to develop fully biobased printable inks containing keratin, alginate, salvia extracts, and cellulose nanofibers. In a first stage, keratose, an oxidized form of keratin, was obtained from sheep wool by a clean extraction methodology, and the miscibility and viscosity of keratose-alginate mixtures were assessed. In a second stage, biobased inks were prepared parting from miscible keratose-alginate mixtures. Flow analysis, spectromechanical analysis, and recovery tests were carried out to analyze the effect of the ink formulation over rheological parameters and printability. Mesh and cylinder geometries were 3D printed and their mechanical properties, as well as shape fidelity and self-standing ability, were assessed.
Recognition of human activity using GRU deep learning algorithm
Authors: Mohsen Saeed 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHuman activity recognition (HAR) is a challenging issue in several fields, such as medical diagnosis. Recent advances in the accuracy of deep learning have contributed to solving the HAR issues. Thus, it is necessary to implement deep learning algorithms that have high performance and greater accuracy. In this paper, a gated recurrent unit (GRU) algorithm is proposed to classify human activities. This algorithm is applied to the Wireless Sensor Data Mining (WISDM) dataset gathered from many individuals with six classes of various activities – walking, sitting, downstairs, jogging, standing, and upstairs. The proposed algorithm is tested and trained via a hyper-parameter tuning method with TensorFlow framework to achieve high accuracy. Experiments are conducted to evaluate the performance of the GRU algorithm using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and confusion matrices. The results demonstrate that the GRU algorithm provides high performance in the recognition of human activities. The GRU algorithm achieves a testing accuracy of 97.08%. The rate of testing loss for the GRU is 0.221, while the precision, sensitivity, and F1-score for the GRU are 97.11%, 97.09%, and 97.10%, respectively. Experimentally, the area under the ROC curves (AUCS) is 100%.
Rapid template-assisted self-assembly: a practical route to the fast assembly of colloidal particles
Authors: Laghrissi Ayoub , Gupta Prince , Rubahn Horst-Günter , Fiutowski Jacek 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Simple and quick techniques for assembling nanoparticles in topographically designed Poly(dimethylsiloxane) moulds of nanosized shapes have great potential in many spectroscopic and sensing tools. Close-packed particles pose rich plasmonic resonances, enabling the optical response to be tailored on both the nano- and macroscale. Template-assisted self-assembly (TASA) is a method that creates colloidal aggregates with controlled sizes formed by dewetting aqueous dispersions of NPs across surfaces. We present rapid TASA (rTASA), a modified version with an overall process time of under 10 min, improving speed and user-friendliness. Depending on the array pitch distance and average number of NPs per trap, the transmission through the template drops by between 20 and 80%, enabling them to be detected with even the simplest spectroscopic solutions. This rapid method is useful as a building block to generate self-assembled systems that exhibit exciting optical properties in crucial areas, particularly in building a fast test for size-selective NP detection.
Graphical abstract
Allelopathy as a source of bioherbicides: challenges and prospects for sustainable agriculture
Authors: Kostina-Bednarz Marianna , Płonka Joanna , Barchanska Hanna 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe sustainable management of the environment and crop production in modern agriculture involves dealing with challenges from climate change, environmental pollution, depletion of natural resources, as well as pressure to cope with dependence on agricultural inputs. Balancing crop productivity with environmental sustainability is one of the main challenges for agriculture worldwide. The emergence of weeds resistant to synthetic herbicides generates huge economic losses, so unconventional weed control strategies, especially those based on ecological principles, are very much needed in modern agriculture. Incorporating a natural eco-friendly approach—allelopathy—as a tool in an integrated weed control plan by growing specific crops or spraying fields with extracts containing allelopathic compounds can significantly reduce the use of herbicides. Allelopathy is considered a multi-dimensional phenomenon occurring constantly in natural and anthropogenic ecosystems, by which one organism produces biochemicals that influence the growth, survival, development, and reproduction of other organisms. The objective of this systematic literature review is to present a comprehensive overview of allelopathy, define this phenomenon, and classify allelochemicals. This paper also discusses and highlights recent advances, ongoing research, and prospects on plant allelopathy management practices applied in agriculture, and the underlying allelopathic mechanisms. The review suggested the holistic view of some allelochemicals as an ecological approach to integrated weed control and is an important contribution to future research directions of multidisciplinary programs, chemoinformatic tools, and novel biotechnology methods to plant breeding.
Understanding differences of the OA uptake within the German university landscape (2010–2020): part 1—journal-based OA
Authors: Taubert Niels , Hobert Anne , Jahn Najko , Bruns Andre , Iravani Elham 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis study investigates the determinants for the uptake of Full and Hybrid Open Access (OA) in the university landscape of Germany and distinguishes between three factors: The disciplinary profile, infrastructures and services of universities that aim to support OA, and large transformative agreements. The uptake of OA, the influence of the disciplinary profile of universities and the influence of transformative agreements is measured by combining several data sources (incl. Web of Science, Unpaywall, an authority file of standardised German affiliation information, the ISSN-Gold-OA 4.0 list, and lists of publications covered by transformative agreements). For infrastructures and services that support OA, a structured data collection was created by harvesting different sources of information and by manual online search. To determine the explanatory power of the different factors, a series of regression analyses was performed for different periods and for both Full as well as Hybrid OA. As a result of the regression analyses, the most determining factor for the explanation of differences in the uptake of both OA-types turned out to be the disciplinary profile. For the year 2020, Hybrid OA transformative agreements have become a second relevant factor. However, all variables that reflect local infrastructural support and services for OA turned out to be non-significant. To deepen the understanding of the adoption of OA on the level of institutions, the outcomes of the regression analyses are contextualised by an interview study conducted with 20 OA officers of German universities.
Exploiting copy engines for intra-node MPI collective communication
Authors: Cho Joong-Yeon , Seo Pu-Rum , Jin Hyun-Wook 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAs multi/many-core processors are widely deployed in high-performance computing systems, efficient intra-node communication becomes more important. Intra-node communication involves data copy operations to move messages from source to destination buffer. Researchers have tried to reduce the overhead of this copy operation, but the copy operation performed by CPU still wastes the CPU resources and even hinders overlapping between computation and communication. The copy engine is a hardware component that can move data between intra-node buffers without intervention of CPU. Thus, we can offload the copy operation performed by CPU onto the copy engine. In this paper, we aim at exploiting copy engines for MPI blocking collective communication, such as broadcast and gather operations. MPI is a messaging-based parallel programming model and provides point-to-point, collective, and one-sided communications. Research has been conducted to utilize the copy engine for MPI, but the support for collective communication has not yet been studied. We propose the asynchronism in blocking collective communication and the CE-CPU hybrid approach to utilize both copy engine and CPU for intra-node collective communication. The measurement results show that the proposed approach can reduce the overall execution time of a microbenchmark and a synthetic application that perform collective communication and computation up to 72% and 57%, respectively.
Integrated characterisation of nine species of the Schistorchiinae (Trematoda: Apocreadiidae) from Indo-Pacific fishes: two new species, a new genus, and a resurrected but ‘cryptic’ genus
Authors: Magro Lori , Cutmore Scott C. , Carrasson Maite , Cribb Thomas H. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe report nine species of the Schistorchiinae Yamaguti, 1942 (Apocreadiidae Skrjabin, 1942) from Indo-Pacific marine fishes. Molecular data (ITS2 and 28S rDNA and cox1 mtDNA) are provided for all species and the genus-level classification of the subfamily is revised. For Schistorchis Lühe, 1906, we report the type-species Sch. carneus Lühe, 1906 and Sch. skrjabini Parukhin, 1963. For Sphinteristomum Oshmarin, Mamaev & Parukhin, 1961 we report the type-species, Sph. acollum Oshmarin, Mamaev & Parukhin, 1961. We report and re-recognise Lobatotrema Manter, 1963, for the type and only species, L. aniferum Manter, 1963, previously a synonym of Sph. acollum. Lobatotrema aniferum is phylogenetically distant from, but morphologically similar to, Sph. acollum and Lobatotrema is recognised as a ‘cryptic genus’. We propose Blendiellan. gen. for B. trigintatestisn. sp. and B. tridecimtestisn. sp. These species are broadly consistent with the present morphological concept of Schistorchis but are phylogenetically distant from the type-species; a larger number of testes and some other subtle morphological characters in species of Blendiella serve to distinguish the two genera. We report three species of Paraschistorchis Blend, Karar & Dronen, 2017: P. stenosoma (Hanson, 1953) Blend, Karar & Dronen, 2017 (type-species), P. seychellesiensis (Toman, 1989) Blend, Karar & Dronen, 2017, and P. zancli (Hanson, 1953) Blend, Karar & Dronen, 2017. Lobatotrema aniferum, P. stenosoma, and Sch. carneus each have two distinct cox1 populations either over geographical range or in sympatry. Available evidence suggests that most of these species, but not all, are widespread in the tropical Indo-Pacific.
Hybrid Decentralized Systems of Non-potable Water Supply: Performance and Effectiveness Analysis
Authors: Ferreira A , Santos C. , Imteaz M. A. , Matos C. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis article presents a study of Hybrid Rainwater/Greywater Systems (HRGS), with the objective of perceiving the main factors that influence their performance and how they can be optimized. For this goal, a decision support tool, that makes their dimensioning and performs an economic and performance analysis, was used for four different types of buildings: a single-family house, a multifamily building and two service buildings. For each case, distinct scenarios were defined, considering different end-uses of non-potable water, in order to evaluate the performance of the systems using effectiveness and performance indicators. Results show that the effectiveness of “non-potable water consumption” is influenced by two main factors: the final uses considered for non-potable water and the storage volume. In most of the study cases, values of effectiveness (ratio between the volume of non-potable water used and non-potable water demand for the final uses considered) greater than 50% were obtained. In the case of domestic buildings, such as single-family house and multifamily building effectiveness values above 67%, were obtained. And for the case of service buildings, the effectiveness was between 42.8 and 65.6% in one case, and between 12.9 and 93.6% for the other. The best performance of the studied hybrid systems is achieved when the volume of non-potable water used in the building is maximized, resulting in greater savings of potable water. In addition, the larger the fraction of greywater reused, the lower the volume of wastewater produced and sent directly to the sanitation network.
Plasmonic Modulator Based on Graphene and Dual Back-to-Back U-Shaped Silicon Waveguide for Optical Communication Networks
Authors: Elshahat Dina Reda , Areed Nihal F. F. , Yousif Bedir 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA broadband plasmonic optical modulator based on a dual back-to-back U-shaped silicon waveguide and double layers of graphene has been investigated. The proposed structure is designed at TE mode over a range of wavelengths extending from 1.1 to 1.9 μm. By adjusting the geometry of the U-shaped structure, the modulator’s performance has been tuned. Utilizing propagation loss, bandwidth, power consumption, and modulation depth, the proposed modulator’s performance has been characterized. According to the results, at a wavelength of 1.55 μm, the loss, modulation depth, and small footprint read 0.0415 dB/μm, 0.6337 dB/μm, and (0.5 μm × 12.17 μm), respectively. Furthermore, the proposed modulator has a modulation bandwidth of about 151.7 GHz and a power consumption of 21.068 fJ/bit.
Life Satisfaction and Socio-Economic Vulnerability: Evidence from the Basic Income Experiment in Barcelona
Authors: Sekulova Filka , Bonilla Fabricio , Laín Bru 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis work focuses on the implications of introducing a variation of a Basic Income for individuals in grim socio-economic conditions in Barcelona (Spain). We explore the happiness and socio-psychological imprint of living in material deprivation in a metropolitan city. Surveying people who joined the two-year Municipal Inclusion Support (MIS) scheme launched by the Municipality of Barcelona, we first identify the major constructs that contribute to recipients’ subjective well-being, paying particular attention to the sense of socio-economic vulnerability. Secondly, we explore the way beneficiaries’ subjective well-being changed over the project duration. Overall, the introduction of the MIS has had a positive effect on the subjective well-being of its recipients over the program duration. We also find that the profound and lasting effect of material and food deprivation, and the continuous stress these entail, explain changes in subjective well-being better than the actual income level. Notably, the creation and presence of networks for mutual support emerges as a pillar for human well-being in contexts of socio-economic vulnerability. This result stood out for women, who were majority group among the basic income recipients, pointing at high level of female economic vulnerability.
Does the Quality of Early Childhood Education and Care Centers Mitigate the Risk of Externalizing Problems? A Genetic-Sensitive Study of Preschoolers in Germany
Authors: Mönkediek Bastian , Schober Pia , Diewald Martin , Eichhorn Harald , Spiess C. Katharina 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis paper examines the extent to which quality characteristics of early childhood education and care (ECEC) experienced at ages 4–6 influence externalizing problems at ages 6–8. Based on a random sample of 713 same-sex twins (55% female, 41% with a migration background) in 364 ECEC centers in Germany, the paper not only distinguishes between detailed ECEC quality characteristics but additionally investigates whether these characteristics affect the relevance of genetic and environmental influences on externalizing problem behavior. Results demonstrate that with educators’ further training and the child–staff ratio only a few specific ECEC quality indicators moderate the relevance of genetic and environmental influences. In particular, further training of educators reduces genetic contributions to externalizing problems in children. Although there was also evidence for gene–environment correlation owing to selection into ECEC centers with an unfavorable child–staff ratio, the findings suggest that improving educators’ training is the most promising way of counteracting externalizing problems.
The Role of Boron in Low Copper Spheroidal Graphite Irons
Authors: Bugten A. V. , Michels L. , Brurok R. B. , Hartung C. , Ott E. , Vines L. , Li Y. , Arnberg L. , Di Sabatino M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe effects of boron at concentrations ranging from 5 to 525 ppm in low copper spheroidal graphite iron (SGI) has been studied. At 130 to 140 ppm, no particular effect of boron was observed on the size distributions, number densities, or morphologies of the microparticle populations in the material. Neither was there observed any effects on the size distributions or number densities of graphite nodules. However, boron was observed to lead to a rough surface morphology of the graphite nodules at concentrations as small as 24 ppm. Intercellular carbides were found to form in alloys containing more than 70 ppm boron. Additionally, the graphite shape began to degenerate in alloys with more than 300 ppm of boron. Mass spectrometry analyses revealed these carbides contain relatively high amounts of boron. In an alloy containing 74 ppm boron, it was inferred by using electron backscatter diffraction that these were of the type $${{\hbox {M}}_{23}({\hbox {C}},{\hbox {B}})_{6}}$$

M
23

(
C
,
B
)

6

borocarbides, where M = Fe, Mn, V, or a combination of them. Mass spectrometry analyses also revealed elevated concentrations of boron in the surface layers of the graphite nodules.
Laser In Situ Synthesis and Computational Thermal Analysis of Ti-Al-xCr Alloys: Microhardness, Electrochemical Behavior and Tribological Properties
Authors: Kanyane L. R. , Popoola A. P. I. , Pityana S. , Raji S. A. , Tlotleng M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis work aims to evaluate the effect of chromium (Cr) as a dopant on microstructural evolution, microhardness, electrochemical behavior and tribological properties of ternary Ti-Al-xCr alloys synthesized via laser in situ alloying technology produced from their elemental powders. Computational thermal analyses of 3D printed Ti-48Al and Ti-Al-4Cr alloys were modeled and simulated by means of COMSOL Multiphysics. This was compared to the laser processing parameters to understand the thermal behavior of the alloys during manufacturing. The ternary Ti-Al-xCr alloys were synthesized at a scan speed of 10.58 mm/s and laser power of 450 W. The effects of Cr powder feed rate on Ti-Al matrix were studied at a gas carrier of 1 and 2 L/min, respectively. The microstructural evolution of Ti-Al-xCr alloys was examined using scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy-dispersive spectroscopy. The corrosion and oxidation behavior of the in situ alloyed Ti-Al-xCr were studied using potentiodynamic and thermal gravimetric techniques, respectively. Normalizing heat treatment on microhardness was performed at the temperature of 1350 °C. The findings showed that there was significant decrease in microhardness properties after HT. The computational model demonstrated minimal thermal distribution change proving that minimal or crack free alloys were developed. The results also showed that Cr addition to Ti-Al matrix resulted in improved tribological properties and oxidation behavior of the alloy.
Click to learn, learn to click: undergraduate synthetic organic chemistry experiments
Authors: Lopez-Ruiz Alejandro , Ortega-Muñoz Mariano , Santoyo-Gonzalez Francisco , Megia-Fernandez Alicia 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe optimization of an undergraduate experiment for Organic Chemistry students is described to explore the concept of click chemistry. The preparation of a terminal fluorescent alkyne and an organic azide is reported consisting of simple steps. These are employed in the Cu(I)-catalized azide-alkyne cycloaddition to obtain a novel molecule containing a triazole ring whose characterization allows the students to practice a variety of techniques: NMR (1H, 13C, COSY and HSQC), melting point, thin layer chromatography, IR, fluorescence spectroscopy and mass spectrometry to confirm the structure of their obtained product. An alternative methodology in a one-pot reaction is also explored and a full laboratory manual provided.