bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Benefit of burosumab in adults with X-linked hypophosphataemia (XLH) is maintained with long-term treatment
Authors: Kamenicky Peter , Briot Karine , Brandi Maria Luisa , Cohen-Solal Martine , Crowley Rachel K , Keen Richard , Kolta Sami , Lachmann Robin H , Lecoq Anne-Lise , Ralston Stuart H , Walsh Jennifer S , Rylands Angela J , Williams Angela , Sun Wei , Nixon Annabel , Nixon Mark , Javaid Muhammad K 
Published: February 2023

ObjectivesTo report the impact of continued burosumab treatment on clinical laboratory tests of efficacy, patient-reported outcomes (PROs) and ambulatory function in adults with X-linked hypophosphataemia who continued from a 96-week phase 3 study into a 48-week open-label extension.MethodsEligible participants from the phase 3 study continued on the burosumab regimen received at the end of the phase 3 study for a further 48 weeks (n=31). Some (not all) received compassionate burosumab treatment between the two studies (a period of 6–18 months). The primary efficacy outcome was fasting serum phosphate concentration; secondary outcomes were serum 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D concentration, renal phosphate reabsorption, PROs and ambulatory function.ResultsImprovements in fasting serum phosphate, serum 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D and renal phosphate reabsorption at 96 weeks were maintained through the 48-week extension. Improvements were also maintained in stiffness and physical function measured using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index, pain and fatigue endpoints measuring using the Brief Pain Inventory short-form and Brief Pain Inventory, respectively, and in ambulatory function (6-Minute Walk Test).A post-hoc exploratory analysis exploring outcomes in participants who discontinued burosumab treatment between the studies (n=7) and those who received at least one dose (n=23) indicated that the benefits of burosumab on clinical laboratory tests of efficacy, PROs and ambulatory function may be lost when treatment is interrupted but recover over time when treatment is reinstated.ConclusionContinued treatment with burosumab appears necessary for sustained clinical benefit.Trial registration numbersPhase 3:NCT02526160; open-label extension:NCT03920072.
Border-fence falls versus domestic falls at a South Texas trauma center
Authors: Darwish Muhammad , McGraw Constance , Foote Christopher W , Chen Chaoyang , Sohini Vidhur , Bar-Or David , Palacio Carlos H 
Published: February 2023

ObjectivesFalling from height may lead to significant injuries and time hospitalized; however, there are few studies comparing the specific mechanism of fall. The purpose of this study was to compare injuries from falls after attempting to cross the USA-Mexico border fence (intentional) with injuries from domestic falls (unintentional) of comparable height.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study included all patients admitted after a fall from a height of 15–30 ft to a level II trauma center between April 2014 and November 2019. Patient characteristics were compared by falls from the border fence with those who fell domestically. Fisher’s exact test, χ2test and Wilcoxon Mann-Whitney U test were used as appropriate. A significance level of α<0.05 was used.ResultsOf the 124 patients included, 64 (52%) were falls from the border fence while 60 (48%) were domestic falls. Patients sustaining injuries from border falls were on average younger than patients who had domestic falls (32.6 (10) vs 40.0 (16), p=0.002), more likely males (58% vs 41%, p<0.001), fell from a significantly higher distance (20 (20–25) vs 16.5 (15–25), p<0.001), and had a significantly lower median injury severity score (ISS) (5 (4–10) vs 9 (5–16.5), p=0.001). Additionally, compared with domestic falls, border falls had fewer injuries to the head (3% vs 25%, p=0.004) and chest (5% vs 27%, p=0.007), yet more extremity injuries (73% vs 42%, p=0.003), and less had an intensive care unit (ICU) stay (30% vs 63%, p=0.002). No significant differences in mortality were found.ConclusionPatients sustaining injuries from border crossing falls were slightly younger, and although fell from higher, had a lower ISS, more extremity injuries, and fewer were admitted to the ICU compared with patients sustaining falls domestically. There was no difference in mortality between groups.Level of evidenceLevel III, retrospective study.
Newton versus Coulomb for Kaluza–Klein modes
Authors: Benakli Karim , Branchina Carlo , Lafforgue-Marmet Gaëtan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe consider a set of elementary compactifications of $$D+1$$

D
+
1

to D spacetime dimensions on a circle: first for pure general relativity, then in the presence of a scalar field, first free then with a non minimal coupling to the Ricci scalar, and finally in the presence of gauge bosons. We compute the tree-level amplitudes in order to compare some gravitational and non-gravitational amplitudes. This allows us to recover the known constraints of the U(1), dilatonic and scalar weak gravity conjectures in some cases, and to show the interplay of the different interactions. We study the KK modes pair-production in different dimensions. We also discuss the contribution to some of these amplitudes of the non-minimal coupling in higher dimensions for scalar fields to the Ricci scalar.
One year of digital contact tracing: Who was more likely to install the NHS COVID-19 app? Results from a tracker survey in England and Wales
Authors: Al-Haboubi Mustafa , Exley Josephine , Allel Kasim , Erens Bob , Mays Nicholas 
Published: February 2023

Objective To examine changes in the uptake of the National Health Service (NHS) COVID-19 proximity (contact) tracing application (‘app’) over one year, amongst smartphone users in England and Wales. Methods We conducted a longitudinal survey between October 2020 and September 2021, amongst an online panel representative of smartphone users aged 18–79 and a purposeful sample from six of the largest minority ethnic groups. We fitted pooled logistic regression models to examine factors associated with app installation and a longitudinal logistic regression model to estimate factors associated with installing/uninstalling the app over time. Results Around 50% of respondents had the app installed at each time point. The majority of installations took place soon after its launch. The key reason for installing at launch was ‘civic, public or social responsibility’. Amongst those who installed the app later, it was ‘needed to scan NHS QR code’. Uptake was higher amongst individuals who considered themselves vulnerable to COVID-19 or were concerned about the risk COVID-19 posed, were more highly educated, of White ethnicity, and who reported higher levels of trust in government information. Factors associated with installing the app over time included becoming more concerned about the risk COVID-19 poses to the country, or perceiving that the crisis in their local area had worsened. Conclusions Despite changes in pandemic response and case numbers, app installation in England and Wales remained relatively stable after launch. If governments wish to increase app installation and use rates in future pandemics, they need to highlight those app features that encourage engagement, and take related action to allay privacy concerns and improve trust in government information sharing.
Multidirectional Instability of Shoulder Joint: A Review
Authors: Prasetia Renaldi , Purwana Siti Zainab Bani , Rasyid Hermawan Nagar 
Published: February 2023

Introduction: The biomechanics of the shoulder joint are complex. To allow a functional range of motion, stability is sacrificed. Glenohumeral joint stability is maintained by static and dynamic stabilizers. Static stabilizers are non-contractile structures including capsulolabral structures and bony glenoid while dynamic stabilizers are contractile structures including rotator cuff, conjoint tendon, and long head of the bicep. The objective of this review is to elaborate on multidirectional instability (MDI) of the shoulder joint and the management of this disorder. Review: Laxity can be affected by hereditary and genetic factors. This can be seen for example in generalized joint laxity which often manifests in the shoulder as MDI. Mutations in collagen genes can cause altered collagen structure, mostly in collagen Type I, resulting in smaller and longer collagen cells. Abnormalities could be found in mRNA synthesis or amino acid transcription for collagen protein, resulting in amino acid content variation. Alterations in fine-tuning mechanism, cleavage process, ionic interaction, cross-linking and metabolism could also result in collagen quality variation. Genetic factors could also cause elastin overproduction rate or amount. Elastin amino acid content alterations could also be affected genetically. These alterations produced a looser static stabilizer. Even so, shoulder joint have multiple static stabilizers and the individual having hereditary laxity does not always have problems related to joint laxity. If the laxity caused problems, it is usually in the form of pain, discomfort, or disruption in shoulder joint function. To compensate for the loose static stabilizer, rehabilitation should be optimized on the contractile, musculature structure of the glenohumeral joint. Besides rehabilitation, capsular shift procedure could also be performed as management of the affected joint by open surgery, arthroscopic capsular plication, or arthroscopic thermal capsulorrhaphy. Conclusion: Based on the review conducted, reoperation rates for open surgery, arthroscopic technique, and thermal technique were approximately 10%, 5%, and 15% subsequently. This should be considered when choosing the appropriate surgery method for MDI management if rehabilitation on contractile structures does not improve patients’ condition.
Combined avulsion fracture of the tibial tubercle and patellar tendon rupture in young athlete: An uncommon injury
Authors: Hardjosworo Sapto Adji , Pohan Muhammad Alvin Shiddieqy 
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Patellar tendon rupture is a rare entity, accounting for 3% of all knee extension system injuries. In some cases, the tear is accompanied with avulsed tibial tubercle. Such concurrent fracture is extremely rare, and only a few previously cases have been described in the literature. We reported a 13-year-old male with combined avulsion fracture of the tibial tubercule and patellar tendon rupture. Case Report: A 13-year-old male junior basketball athlete presenting with left knee pain since 2 days before admission. The patient had previously fell to the ground with his left knee hitting the ground while playing basketball. Physical examination demonstrated swollen left knee. Radiographic examination suggested tibial tubercle avulsion, and magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated partial rupture of distal patellar tendon. The patient then underwent open reduction and internal fixation using single cannulated screw for the avulsed tibial tubercle, and patellar tendon reconstruction using suture anchor with ultra high molecular weight polyethylene fibers. Postoperatively, the patient was placed in a locked straight leg brace. One week after surgery, the patient began range of motion exercises and progression of weight bearing with physical therapy. At 4 months of follow-up, the patient can already weightbear, and he had regained active knee range of motion. Discussion: Combined avulsion fracture of the tibial tubercle and patellar tendon rupture in young athlete is an extremely rare case. As such, there is no guideline regarding the best treatment. In this report, we chose open surgery for anatomical reduction of the tuberosity fragment because we consider the growth plate and direct visualization of the patellar tendon. Rigorous physical therapy is of utmost importance in this patient for return to sport, as he is a young athlete. Conclusions: Open reduction and internal fixation using single cannulated screw, and patellar tendon reconstruction suture anchor might be a treatment of choice for those with combined avulsion fracture of the tibial tubercle and patellar tendon rupture in young patients.
Medial meniscal posterior root attachment repair in degenerative patient to slower the progression of knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Butar John Christian Parsaoran Butar , Pohan Muhammad Alvin Shiddieqy 
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Meniscal root tear is frequently misdiagnosed and often lead to knee osteoarthritis. Historically, such entity was often treated nonoperatively or with partial meniscectomy. We reported a case of a 78-year-female with osteoarthritis of the knee and meniscal root tear treated with transtibial double tunnel pullout technique. Case Report: A 78-year-old female presenting with left knee pain. One month ago, the patient fell in her bathroom. Physical examination demonstrated locking knee, positive McMurray test. Radiograph suggested osteoarthritis of the left knee Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) grade 2. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated traumatic medial posterior meniscal root tear. The patient then underwent meniscal root repair using transtibial double-tunnel pullout technique. Postoperatively, the patient’s knee was placed in a brace and she was kept non-weight-bearing for 6 weeks. At six months of follow-up, the patient no longer complained of pain and locking knee. The Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) also improved from 50 to 90 after six months of follow up. She could weightbear and perform daily activities. Discussion: Meniscal root tear is commonly underdiagnosed, and it often go unnoticed on magnetic resonance imaging and arthroscopy in large part due to the lack of anatomic understanding. Surgery is worthwhile in this case, as it may prevent osteoarthritis from getting worsen. Repairing the meniscal root with a transtibial pullout repair may restore contact pressures to those of the intact states and allow for the dispersion of hoop stresses across the meniscus. In this report, the patient had satisfactory outcome at 6 months of follow-up, where she no longer felt pain and locking knee. Conclusions: Transtibial double-tunnel pullout technique may be treatment of choice for those with meniscal root tear and may provide the greatest improvement in function and lowest risk of conversion to Total Knee Arthroplasty. Further clinical studies are required to investigate the comparative benefit of the transtibial repair technique.
Isolated Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction for the Treatment of Recurrent Lateral Patellar Dislocations: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Aryana I Gusti Ngurah Wien , Prayudi Ida Bagus Deny 
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Being one of the most common acute knee disorders In children and adolescents, the incidence of patellar dislocations among pediatric patients is estimated to 43 per 100,000 with peak of age at 15 years.1 Briefly, a nonoperative treatment have been considered as the standard of care for patellar dislocations.5 However, recurrent patellar instability, osteochondral fractures with loose bodies, and failed non operative measures of functional rehabilitation benefitted from surgical treatment.6 As for the purpose of return-to-sports after surgery, clinicians have been using the utilization of time, ROM, strength, and subjective measures as guidelines.2,10 Methods: The population size was harvested from each study as well as means/medians and ranges for population age and follow-up time. Recurrent instability were taken to note, preoperative and postoperative Tegner for estimated return to play, positive apprehension test and Kujala scores were extracted. he study calculate means for population size, age, postoperative Tegner scores. Results: The total mean population size of all 6 studies was 217 participants, with a mean age and follow-up of 23.5 years and 30.8 months, respectively. The data extracted from all studies included in the review, as well as all calculated means, are presented in Table 3. The total mean population size of all 6 studies was 217 participants, with a mean age and follow-up of 23.5 years and 30.8 months, respectively. Conclusion: The mean postoperative Tegner score was 5.7, calculated from 4 studies. Preinjury and preoperative Tegner scores were reported in only one study. The pooled proportion of athletes who returned to sports after surgery was 84.1% (95% CI, 71.1%– 97.1%) (Figure 1). The pooled estimated mean from 7 studies that reported means ± SDs for the postoperative Kujala score was 85.8 (95% CI, 81.6–90.0; I2 = 92%) (Figure 2). Also, 4 studies reported the frequency at which patients exhibited a positive apprehension sign during follow-up; the pooled risk from these studies was 3.6% (95% CI, 0%–7.2%) (Figure 3). The pooled total risk of recurrent instability after surgery was 1.2% (95% CI, 0.3%–2.1%; I2 = 0%)
Superior Peroneal Retinaculum Reconstruction For Traumatic Peroneus Longus Subluxation: A Case report
Authors: Febriana Andini , Aryana IGN Wien 
Published: February 2023

Background: Peroneal tendon subluxation is a rare condition that often misdiagnosed, generally associated with sport related injury. Subluxation of the peroneal tendons is uncommon and is frequently misinterpreted as an ankle sprain, usually in young and active patients. The most common pathological mechanism is a dorsiflexory and mostly caused by avulsion of the superior peroneal retinaculum (SPR) from its fibular insertion. Treatment may be conservative or surgical, although there is no agreement on the best technique to use. Case Report: A 35-year-old man presented with pain and swelling of the lateral side of the left foot after play badminton. The patient felt pain upon palpation and snapping sign during flexion–extension of the left ankle. The patient was treated with conservative treatment for 1 month with no improvement, and we recommended to do surgical treatment for relieved the pain. Discussion: Superior Peroneal Retinaculum Reconstruction shows an great result; after the procedure, there are no significant side effects such infections, wound issues, or ongoing discomfort. The surgical outcome was viewed as satisfactory overall. Following surgery, the ankle was put in a semi-equinus position for two weeks while being immobilized with a non-weight-bearing, temporary below-knee cast. Conclusion: Acute peroneus longus subluxation might be difficult to diagnose since it is usually misinterpreted as an ankle sprain. The occurrence of peroneal tendon subluxation is rather low, and surgery is the main treatment for this injury. If conservative treatment shows no improvement, variety of surgical techniques are available. Several literature reported superior peroneal retinaculum reconstruction has satisfactory outcome.
Characteristics of Supracondylar Humeral Fracture in Pediatric Patients at Hasan Sadikin General Hospital in January 2012 - January 2022
Authors: Setiawanto Teguh 
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Supracondylar humerus fracture is one of most common fracture in children, more than 50% of elbow fracture and one-third of limb fracture. This research evaluate Supracondylar fracture characteristics at hasan sadikin hospital in January 2012 – January 2022. Method: This is a descriptive study, data obtained from medical records, Supracondylar humerus fracture who were treated at Hasan Sadikin Hospital in January 2012-January 2022. The data is age, gender, length of stay, open/closed fracture, first aid, complications, and fresh/delayed cases. Result: The age group with the highest incidence is children 8-9 years old, 33 patients (48.5%) were BPJS members and Supracondylar humerus commonly occurred in boys, 41 patients were boys (85.41%), and the majority of the case was closed fractures, 46 patients were closed fracture (95.83%), 2 patient were open fractures (4.17%), 3 patients went to bone setter prior to hospital admission (6.2%), 4 patient was neglected fractures, and 1 patient had nerve palsy (median and radial nerve palsy), 45 fresh fracture (93.8%), and 3 patients (6,2%) were delayed in receiving medical treatment. Discussion: Our results showed similar results on gender, bone setter as first aid, but different results on age group, complications, and delayed treatment with the study conducted by farhan et al in 2018. This study showed that the highest incidence rate is 8-9 years old (48.5%) vs ¬1-4 and 5-9 years old (34.6%), boys are common 85.41% vs 61.5%. About 6.2% vs 7.69% of patients went to bone setter prior to the hospital, Complications found in the studies showed 8.33% neglected fractures vs 11.5% cubitovarus deformity, 2.08% vs 0% had nerve palsy, and 6.2% vs 36.12% patients were delayed in receiving medical treatment. This study evaluated data from 2012, the number of BPJS members is not a majority (48.5%), because BPJS programs were enrolled in 2014. Conclusion: The Boys, 8-9 years age group is the group most at risk of humeral supracondylar fractures, the majority of supracondylar humerus fractures were closed whom treated with LOS was 7-8 days.
Neglected Quadriceps Rupture Managed with Polypropylene Mesh and Collacure: A Case Report
Authors: Haryono Adriel Benedict , Utoyo Ghuna Arioharjo 
Published: February 2023

Background: Quadriceps muscle rupture is second common cause of disrupted extensor mechanism by directly affect lower limb function by hinders knee extension drastically. Ideally, patient with quadriceps tendon rupture and undergo primary surgical repair in first 48–72 hours after injury to achieve good outcome then decrease morbidity and disability. Chronic untreated quadriceps tendon rupture with adverse progression of gap cause by muscle contraction, scarred muscle body, degenerative calcification, or decreased tendon end vascularity lead to pain in contraction, worsening morbidity and disability as well makes surgical repair more technically challenging. We report one case of chronic untreated quadriceps muscle rupture, our management, and outcomes. Clinical case: 27 years old male with right quadriceps rupture that occurred accidently while he was descending stairs. The patient then went to bonesetter and just went to the hospital after a long time of complaints of pain and are not getting better. In the right knee, the neglected quadriceps rupture was managed with polypropylene mesh and collacure to shorthen the gap. Discussion: Management goal is to reduce large gap at quadriceps tendon to reach both end of the muscle in tension free manner and not only increasing regeneration of tendon but also increasing the strength of the tissues after healing by polypropylene mesh and collacure. Conclusion: Quadriceps reconstruction with polypropylene mesh and collacure have a fair result for extensor mechanism. Further research is required to determine best approach to quadriceps reconstruction in reducing gap.