bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The potential of HEART score to detect the severity of coronary artery disease according to SYNTAX score
Authors: Salimi Amirhossein , Zolghadrasli Abdolali , Jahangiri Soodeh , Hatamnejad Mohammad Reza , Bazrafshan Mehdi , Izadpanah Peyman , Dehghani Fatemeh , Askarinejad Amir , Salimi Maryam , Bazrafshan Drissi Hamed 
Published: May 2023

AbstractClinical scoring systems such as the HEART score can predict major adverse cardiovascular events, but they cannot be used to demonstrate the degree and severity of coronary artery disease. We investigated the potential of HEART Score in detecting the existence and severity of coronary artery disease based on SYNTAX score. This multi-centric cross-sectional study investigated patients referred to the cardiac emergency departments of three hospitals between January 2018 and January 2020. Data including age, gender, risk factors, comorbidities, 12-lead ECG, blood pressure and echocardiogram were recorded for all the participants. Serum troponin I level was measured on admission and 6 h later. Coronary angiography was done via the femoral or radial route. HEART and SYNTAX scores were calculated for all patients and their association was assessed. 300 patients (65% female) with mean age of 58.42 ± 12.42 years were included. mean HEART Score was 5.76 ± 1.56 (min = 3, max = 9), and mean SYNTAX score was 14.82 ± 11.42 (min = 0, max = 44.5). Pearson correlation coefficient was 0.493 between HEART Score and SYNTAX score which was statistically significant (P < 0.001). We found that HEART Score of more than 6 is 52% sensitive and 74.7% specific to detect extensive coronary artery involvement (SNTAX score ≥ 23). The present study showed that the HEART score has a moderate and positive correlation with the SYNTAX score and HEART score with a cut-off value of 6 is a predictor for SYNTAX score of ≥ 23.
Treatment of broad-based intracranial aneurysms with the LVIS EVO stent: a retrospective observational study at two centers with short- and medium-term follow-up
Authors: Maurer Christoph J. , Berlis Ansgar , Maus Volker , Behrens Lars , Weber Werner , Fischer Sebastian 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe use of stents is well established in the treatment of broad-based intracranial aneurysms. The aim of this study is to report on safety, feasibility and midterm follow-up of the new LVIS EVO braided stent for the treatment of cerebral aneurysms. All consecutive patients with intracranial aneurysms who were treated with the LVIS EVO stent in two high volume neurovascular centers were retrospectively enrolled in this observational study. Clinical and technical complications, angiographic outcome and clinical short-term and midterm results were evaluated. The study included 112 patients with 118 aneurysms. 94 patients presented with incidental aneurysms, 13 patients with acute SAH and 2 patients with acute cranial nerve palsy. For 100 aneurysms a jailing technique was used, re-crossing of the stent was performed in 3 cases. For the residual 15 cases the stent was placed as a bail-out or as a second step. Immediate complete occlusion was observed in 85 aneurysms (72%). Midterm follow-up was available for 84 patients with 86 aneurysms (72.9%). One stent showed asymptomatic complete occlusion on follow-up imaging, in all other cases no in-stent stenosis was observed. The rate of complete occlusion was 79.1% at 6 months and 82.2% at 12–18 months. Midterm follow-up data of this retrospective observational cohort of two neurovascular centers corroborates the safety profile of the LVIS EVO device for treatment of ruptured and unruptured intracranial aneurysms.
Out-of-plane polarization reversal and changes in in-plane ferroelectric and ferromagnetic domains of multiferroic BiFe0.9Co0.1O3 thin films by water printing
Authors: Itoh Takuma , Shigematsu Kei , Nishikubo Takumi , Azuma Masaki 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBiFe0.9Co0.1O3 is a promising material for an ultra-low-power-consumption nonvolatile magnetic memory device because local magnetization reversal is possible through application of an electric field. Here, changes in ferroelectric and ferromagnetic domain structures in a multiferroic BiFe0.9Co0.1O3 thin film induced by “water printing”, which is a polarization reversal method involving chemical bonding and charge accumulation at the interface between the liquid and the film, was investigated. Water printing using pure water with pH = 6.2 resulted in an out-of-plane polarization reversal from upward to downward. The in-plane domain structure remained unchanged after the water printing process, indicating that 71° switching was achieved in 88.4% of the observation area. However, magnetization reversal was observed in only 50.1% of the area, indicating a loss of correlation between the ferroelectric and magnetic domains because of the slow polarization reversal due to nucleation growth.
Mechanism-based and computational modeling of hydrogen sulfide biogenesis inhibition: interfacial inhibition
Authors: Le Corre Laurent , Padovani Dominique 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a gaseous signaling molecule that participates in various signaling functions in health and diseases. The tetrameric cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE) contributes to H2S biogenesis and several investigations provide evidence on the pharmacological modulation of CSE as a potential target for the treatment of a multitude of conditions. D-penicillamine (D-pen) has recently been reported to selectively impede CSE-catalyzed H2S production but the molecular bases for such inhibitory effect have not been investigated. In this study, we report that D-pen follows a mixed-inhibition mechanism to inhibit both cystathionine (CST) cleavage and H2S biogenesis by human CSE. To decipher the molecular mechanisms underlying such a mixed inhibition, we performed docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Interestingly, MD analysis of CST binding reveals a likely active site configuration prior to gem-diamine intermediate formation, particularly H-bond formation between the amino group of the substrate and the O3′ of PLP. Similar analyses realized with both CST and D-pen identified three potent interfacial ligand-binding sites for D-pen and offered a rational for D-pen effect. Thus, inhibitor binding not only induces the creation of an entirely new interacting network at the vicinity of the interface between enzyme subunits, but it also exerts long range effects by propagating to the active site. Overall, our study paves the way for the design of new allosteric interfacial inhibitory compounds that will specifically modulate H2S biogenesis by cystathionine γ-lyase.
Raman spectroscopy and topological machine learning for cancer grading
Authors: Conti Francesco , D’Acunto Mario , Caudai Claudia , Colantonio Sara , Gaeta Raffaele , Moroni Davide , Pascali Maria Antonietta 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn the last decade, Raman Spectroscopy is establishing itself as a highly promising technique for the classification of tumour tissues as it allows to obtain the biochemical maps of the tissues under investigation, making it possible to observe changes among different tissues in terms of biochemical constituents (proteins, lipid structures, DNA, vitamins, and so on). In this paper, we aim to show that techniques emerging from the cross-fertilization of persistent homology and machine learning can support the classification of Raman spectra extracted from cancerous tissues for tumour grading. In more detail, topological features of Raman spectra and machine learning classifiers are trained in combination as an automatic classification pipeline in order to select the best-performing pair. The case study is the grading of chondrosarcoma in four classes: cross and leave-one-patient-out validations have been used to assess the classification accuracy of the method. The binary classification achieves a validation accuracy of 81% and a test accuracy of 90%. Moreover, the test dataset has been collected at a different time and with different equipment. Such results are achieved by a support vector classifier trained with the Betti Curve representation of the topological features extracted from the Raman spectra, and are excellent compared with the existing literature. The added value of such results is that the model for the prediction of the chondrosarcoma grading could easily be implemented in clinical practice, possibly integrated into the acquisition system.
Visual tracking of viral infection dynamics reveals the synergistic interactions between cucumber mosaic virus and broad bean wilt virus 2
Authors: Kwon Min-Jun , Kwon Sun-Jung , Kim Myung-Hwi , Choi Boram , Byun Hee-Seong , Kwak Hae-Ryun , Seo Jang-Kyun 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCucumber mosaic virus (CMV) is one of the most prevalent plant viruses in the world, and causes severe damage to various crops. CMV has been studied as a model RNA virus to better understand viral replication, gene functions, evolution, virion structure, and pathogenicity. However, CMV infection and movement dynamics remain unexplored due to the lack of a stable recombinant virus tagged with a reporter gene. In this study, we generated a CMV infectious cDNA construct tagged with a variant of the flavin-binding LOV photoreceptor (iLOV). The iLOV gene was stably maintained in the CMV genome after more than four weeks of three serial passages between plants. Using the iLOV-tagged recombinant CMV, we visualized CMV infection and movement dynamics in living plants in a time course manner. We also examined whether CMV infection dynamics is influenced by co-infection with broad bean wilt virus 2 (BBWV2). Our results revealed that no spatial interference occurred between CMV and BBWV2. Specifically, BBWV2 facilitated the cell-to-cell movement of CMV in the upper young leaves. In addition, the BBWV2 accumulation level increased after co-infection with CMV.
Improved estimates of extreme wave conditions in coastal areas from calibrated global reanalyses
Authors: Fanti Valeria , Ferreira Óscar , Kümmerer Vincent , Loureiro Carlos 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe analysis of extreme wave conditions is crucial for understanding and mitigating coastal hazards. As global wave reanalyses allow to extend the evaluation of wave conditions to periods and locations not covered by in-situ measurements, their direct use is common. However, in coastal areas, the accuracy of global reanalyses is lower, particularly for extreme waves. Here we compare two leading global wave reanalyses against 326 coastal buoys, demonstrating that both reanalyses consistently underestimate significant wave height, 50-year return period and mean wave period in most coastal locations around the world. Different calibration methods applied to improve the modelled extreme waves, resulting in a 53% reduction in the underestimation of extreme wave heights. Importantly, the 50-year return period for significant wave height is improved on average by 55%. Extreme wave statistics determined for coastal areas directly from global wave reanalyses require careful consideration, with calibration largely reducing uncertainty and improving confidence.
Micro‐Doppler effect removal in inverse synthetic aperture radar imaging based on UNet
Authors: Wang Haobo , Liu Yingxi , Ni Lei , Luo Ying 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe micro‐Doppler (m‐D) effect caused by the rotational parts of the targets influences the quality of inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) imaging. In this letter, a novel deep network‐assisted method is proposed to reduce the m‐D effect in ISAR imaging. The training data, including ISAR images with m‐D effect and ISAR images without m‐D effect, help the network establish non‐linear mapping relationships. The simulated and measured data results show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Cascaded Temporal and Spatial Attention Network for solar adaptive optics image restoration
Authors: Zhang Chi , Wang Shuai , Zhong Libo , Chen Qingqing , Rao Changhui 
Published: May 2023

Context.Atmospheric turbulence severely degrades the quality of images observed through a ground-based telescope. An adaptive optics (AO) system only partially improves the image quality by correcting certain level wavefronts, making post-facto image processing necessary. Several deep learning-based methods have recently been applied in solar AO image post-processing. However, further research is still needed to get better images while enhancing model robustness and using inter-frame and intra-frame information.Aims.We propose an end-to-end network that can better handle solar adaptive image anisoplanatism by leveraging attention mechanisms, pixel-wise filters, and cascaded architecture.Methods.We developed a cascaded attention-based deep neural network named Cascaded Temporal and Spatial Attention Network (CTSAN) for solar AO image restoration. CTSAN consists of four modules: optical flow estimation PWC-Net for inter-frame explicit alignment, temporal and spatial attention for dynamic feature fusion, temporal sharpness prior for sharp feature extraction, and encoder-decoder architecture for feature reconstruction. We also used a hard example mining strategy to create a loss function in order to focus on the regions that are difficult to restore, and a cascaded architecture to further improve model stability.Results.CTSAN and the other two state-of-the-art (SOTA) supervised learning methods for solar AO image restoration are trained on real 705 nm photospheric and 656 nm chromospheric AO images supervised by corresponding Speckle images. Then all the methods are quantitatively and qualitatively evaluated on five real testing sets. Compared to the other two SOTA methods, CTSAN can restore clearer solar images, and shows better stability and generalization performance when restoring the lowest contrast AO image.
A rotational age for the open cluster NGC 2281
Authors: Fritzewski D. J. , Barnes S. A. , Weingrill J. , Granzer T. , Cole-Kodikara E. , Strassmeier K. G. 
Published: May 2023

Context.Cool star rotation periods have become an important tool in determining ages of open clusters.Aims.We aim to estimate the age of the open cluster NGC 2281 based on the rotational properties of its low-mass members. Previous age estimates for this open cluster range from 275 Myr to 630 Myr.Methods.Based on an eight month-long photometric time series obtained at the 1.2 m robotic STELLA telescope in Tenerife, we measured rotation periods for 126 cool star members (70% of the observed members) of NGC 2281.Results.The large set of rotation periods allows us to construct a rich colour-period diagram for NGC 2281 with very few outliers above the slow rotator sequence. We identify an evolved fast rotator sequence which can be used to accurately age date the open cluster relative to other open clusters. Comparisons with M 37 and M 48 show that all three open clusters are roughly coeval, and we estimate the age of NGC 2281 to be 435 ± 50 Myr. Through comparisons with the younger NGC 3532 and the older Praesepe, we determine the spin down rates of mid-K and early-M fast rotators to be significantly lower than for early-K stars. We suspect that the spin down of early-K fast rotators might be governed by an additional mass dependence.Conclusions.Finally, we show the path towards an empirical description of the evolved fast rotator sequences in open clusters.
Spectral classification of young stars using conditional invertible neural networks
Authors: Kang Da Eun , Ksoll Victor F. , Itrich Dominika , Testi Leonardo , Klessen Ralf S. , Hennebelle Patrick , Molinari Sergio 
Published: May 2023

Aims. We introduce a new deep-learning tool that estimates stellar parameters (e.g. effective temperature, surface gravity, and extinction) of young low-mass stars by coupling the Phoenix stellar atmosphere model with a conditional invertible neural network (cINN). Our networks allow us to infer the posterior distribution of each stellar parameter from the optical spectrum.
Methods. We discuss cINNs trained on three different Phoenix grids: Settl, NextGen, and Dusty. We evaluate the performance of these cINNs on unlearned Phoenix synthetic spectra and on the spectra of 36 class III template stars with well-characterised stellar parameters.
Results. We confirm that the cINNs estimate the considered stellar parameters almost perfectly when tested on unlearned Phoenix synthetic spectra. Applying our networks to class III stars, we find good agreement with deviations of 5–10% at most. The cINNs perform slightly better for earlier-type stars than for later-type stars such as late M-type stars, but we conclude that estimates of effective temperature and surface gravity are reliable for all spectral types within the training range of the network.
Conclusions. Our networks are time-efficient tools that are applicable to large numbers of observations. Among the three networks, we recommend using the cINN trained on the Settl library (Settl-Net) because it provides the best performance across the widest range of temperature and gravity.
Übersetzung, kulturelle Adaptation und Test-Retest-Reliabilität der deutschen Version des Headache Disability Questionnaire
Authors: Ivanov Dimo , Ernst Markus J. 
Published: May 2023

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Kopfschmerzen führen zu häufigen Einschränkungen im Alltag. Spezifische Fragebögen dienen als Messinstrumente zur Erfassung solcher kopfschmerzbedingten Einschränkungen. Im deutschsprachigen Raum besteht zurzeit kein ideales Messinstrument, das die Schwere der Einschränkung durch Kopfschmerzen innerhalb einer akzeptablen Recall-Zeit erfasst und zuverlässig misst. Der Headache Disability Questionnaire (HDQ) ist ein englischsprachiges Messinstrument, das die Anforderungen eines zuverlässigen Fragebogens für Kopfschmerzen erfüllt. Es besteht keine validierte deutsche Version des HDQ.
Ziel Übersetzung des HDQ in die deutsche Sprache, kulturübergreifende Adaption an die deutschsprachige Population sowie Untersuchung seiner Test-Retest-Reliabilität.
Methode Der HDQ wurde zuerst in einem 2-Phasen-Querschnittstudiendesign nach internationalen Richtlinien ins Deutsche übersetzt und adaptiert (HDQ-G). 12 erwachsene deutsche Muttersprachler*innen nahmen an kognitiven Interviews zur Verständlichkeit einer präfinalen deutschen Version des HDQ teil. Anschließend wurden Anpassungen in Absprache mit dem Erstautor der Originalversion und einem Expertenkomitee vorgenommen. Danach wurde die Test-Retest-Reliabilität des HDQ-G mittels Intraklassenkorrelationskoeffizienten (ICC) mithilfe von 29 erwachsenen Patient*innen mit Kopfschmerzen evaluiert und mittels Bland-Altman-Plot bildlich dargestellt. Die Teilnehmenden nahmen in einem Zeitraum von 2–14 Tagen je zweimal an einer Online-Umfrage mit der finalen Version teil.
Ergebnisse Alle Schritte des Übersetzungsprozesses wurden eingehalten und die finale deutsche Version des HDQ wurde mit wenigen Ergänzung fertiggestellt. Der HDQ-G zeigte eine sehr gute Test-Retest-Reliabilität mit einem ICC = 0,89 (95 %-Konfidenzintervall (KI) von 0,77–0,95). Die mittlere Differenz beider Umfragen lag bei + 1,72 Punkten, 95 % aller Werte lagen zwischen + 10,77 und -7,33 Punkten.
Schlussfolgerung Die originale Version des HDQ wurde übersetzt und für die Verwendung bei der erwachsenen deutschsprachigen Population im ambulanten physiotherapeutischen Setting adaptiert. Der HDQ-G zeigte eine sehr gute Test-Retest-Reliabilität und akzeptable Übereinstimmung bei allgemeinen Patient*innen mit Kopfschmerzen im physiotherapeutischen Setting. Zusätzliche Studien sind notwendig, um weitere wissenschaftliche Gütekriterien des HDQ zu untersuchen.
Dysbiotic Co-Factors in Cervical Cancer. How the Microbiome Influences the Development of Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN)
Authors: Finzer Patrick , Küppers Volkmar , Griesser Henrik 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHuman papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a necessary but not sufficient condition for the development of cervical cancer. The dysbiotic shift in the cervicovaginal microbiome appears to be a
major co-factor in carcinogenesis. New analytical methods, such as next-generation sequencing (NGS), can be used to detect all of the vaginal microorganisms present and therefore identify
individual therapeutic options. The relationship of bacterial vaginosis and carcinogenesis, as well as possible indications for the use of microbiome analysis, will be discussed.
Penile Transplantation in Gender Affirmation Surgery: A Theoretical Feasibility Study
Authors: Lopez Christopher D. , Yusuf Cynthia T. , Girard Alisa O. , Lake Isabel V. , Cooney Damon S. , Redett Richard J. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background It can be argued that individuals in the transgender and gender nonbinary (TGNB) community suffer from a similar impact on quality of life in the face of gender dysphoria, with psychosocial and physical consequences. Indications for penile allotransplantation for patients wishing to undergo gender affirmation surgery have yet to be elucidated, but technical lessons for feasibility can be gleaned from penis transplants that have already been performed on cisgender males to date.
Methods This study investigates the theoretical feasibility for penile-to-clitoral transplantation, prior penile transplants, and current multidisciplinary gender affirmation health care modalities.
Results Penile allotransplantation offers a potential solution for individuals in the TGNB community for a more aesthetic penis, improved erectile function without the need of a prosthesis, optimal somatic sensation, and improved urethral outcomes.
Conclusion Questions remain about ethics, patient eligibility, and immunosuppressive sequelae. Before these issues are addressed, feasibility of this procedure must be established.
Clinical Outcomes of Offset Stem Couplers with or without Cone Augmentation in Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Fiedler Benjamin , Bieganowski Thomas , Singh Vivek , Marwin Scott , Rozell Joshua C. , Schwarzkopf Ran 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIntramedullary stems are often required in patients undergoing revision total knee arthroplasty (rTKA) to achieve stable fixation. Significant bone loss may require the addition of a metal cone to maximize fixation and osteointegration. The purpose of this study was to investigate clinical outcomes in rTKA using different fixation techniques. We conducted a single-institution retrospective review of all patients who received a tibial and femoral stem during rTKA between August 2011 and July 2021. Patients were separated into three cohorts based on fixation construct: press-fit stem with an offset coupler (OS), fully cemented straight (CS) stem, and press-fit straight (PFS) stem. A subanalysis of patients who received tibial cone augmentation was also conducted. A total of 358 patients who underwent rTKA were included in this study, of which 102 (28.5%) had a minimum 2-year follow-up and 25 (7.0%) had a minimum 5-year follow-up. In the primary analysis, 194 patients were included in the OS cohort, 72 in the CS cohort, and 92 in the PFS cohort. When stem type alone was considered, there was no significant difference in rerevision rate (p = 0.431) between cohorts. Subanalysis of patients who received augmentation with a tibial cone demonstrated that OS implants led to significantly higher rates of rerevision compared with the other two stem types (OS: 18.2% vs. CS: 2.1% vs. PFS: 11.1%; p = 0.037). The findings of the present analysis demonstrate that CS and cones in rTKA may provide more reliable long-term outcomes compared with press-fit stems with OS.
Level III Evidence Retrospective Cohort Study.