bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interchannel dimerization of the dissociated voltage-sensor domains of voltage-gated Na+ channels in the resting state
Authors: Sumino Ayumi , Sumikama Takashi , Shibata Mikihiro , Irie Katsumasa 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Understanding voltage-gated sodium (Nav) channels is significant since they generate action potential. Nav channels consist of a pore domain (PD) and a voltage-sensor domain (VSD). All resolved Nav structures in different gating states have VSDs that tightly interact with PDs; however, it is unclear whether VSDs attach to PDs during gating under physiological conditions. Another problem is that the key structure facilitating positive cooperativity in the rising phase of the action potential is unknown. Here, we reconstituted three different voltage-dependent NavAb channels into a lipid membrane and observed their structural dynamics by high-speed atomic force microscopy. Interestingly, VSDs dissociated from PDs in the mutant in the resting state and further dimerized to form cross-links between channels. This dimerization would occur at a realistic channel density, offering a potential explanation for the facilitation of positive cooperativity.
Sodium alginate cross-linked hydroxypropyl methylcellulose/hydroxyapatite nano biomaterial mediated with zinc to promote bone tissue healing
Authors: Rudraradhya Varsha , Teja Banala Venkatesh , Mukherjee Dhrubojyoti 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The present study aimed to develop a composite material using sodium alginate and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose in combination with hydroxyapatite. The composite was doped with zinc and developed into a nanocomposite by using ionic gelation and solvent precipitation methods. The prepared nanocomposite was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, dynamic light scattering, FTIR, and XRD studies. In vivo pharmacological studies were carried out to establish the bone targeting and bone tissue regeneration efficacy of the developed nanocomposite. The nanocomposite was checked for cell toxicity by performing an MTT assay using MG63 cell line and the molecular mechanism of targeting efficiency was assessed by in silico evaluation method. The results of the study confirmed the polymeric interlinking in the nanocomposite and the successful preparation of a composite material by using biodegradable excipients. SEM and AFM studies indicated that the nanocomposite was within the 80-200 nm size range. MTT assay indicated that the developed nanocomposite was not cytotoxic and well tolerated by the MG63 cell line. In vivo studies in validation with molecular docking evaluation suggested that the nanocomposite was effectively targeted to the bone as well as had osteogenesis properties by following a mechanism whereby it could effectively block Farnesyl Diphosphate Synthetase in the mevalonate pathway which is essential for inhibiting the osteoclastic activity and promoting osteogenesis.
A meta-analysis of the efficacy and safety of montelukast sodium in combination with budesonide nasal spray in the treatment of allergic rhinitis
Authors: Zhang Xinxin , Lu Ziyi , Huo Ziyi , Zhang Shoukai 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of montelukast sodium combined with budesonide nasal spray in the treatment of allergic rhinitis.METHODS Databases such as China Biomedical Literature Database, China Knowledge Network, Wanfang Database, VIP Database, Embase, Cochrane Library, Pubmed, and Web Of Science were searched. Randomized controlled trials evaluating montelukast sodium in combination with budesonide nasal spray for allergic rhinitis were included to be searched from the date of database construction to March 18, 2023. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5. 4 software after data extraction by 2 investigators, selection of literature, and evaluation of the risk of bias of included articles.Results A total of 16 RCTs including 1277 patients, 638 patients in the study group, and 639 patients in the control group, were included in the study. 0.00001), significant rate (OR = 2.29,95%CI = 1.77 ~ 2.96,P < 0.00001), nasal symptom score (SMD=-1.41,95%CI=-2.30~-0.53,P < 0.00001), interleukin 6 level (MD= -36.06 ,95%CI = − 41.80~ -30.33 ,P < 0.00001 ), interleukin 8 (MD= -24.30,95%CI= -29.71~ -18.89,P < 0.00001) and interleukin 10 (MD = 3.77,95%CI = 3.36 ~ 4.17,P < 0.00001) were significantly The differences were statistically significant. The differences in the incidence of adverse reactions between the study group and the control group were not statistically significant (OR = 0.53,95%CI = 0.16 ~ 1.72, P = 0.29 ). Conclusion: Montelukast sodium combined with budesonide nasal spray is more effective than budesonide nasal spray alone in the treatment of allergic rhinitis.
Optimal View Detection for Ultrasound-guided Supraclavicular Block using Deep Learning Approaches
Authors: Jo Yumin , Lee Dongheon , Baek Donghyeon , Choi Bo Kyung , Aryal Nisan , Jung Jinsik , Shin Yong Sup , Hong Boohwi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

BackgroundSuccessful ultrasound-guided supraclavicular block (SCB) requires the understanding of sonoanatomy and identification of the optimal view. Segmentation using a convolutional neural network (CNN) is limited in clearly determining the optimal view. The present study describes the development of a computer-aided diagnosis (CADx) system using a CNN that can determine the optimal view for complete SCB in real time.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was the development of computer-aided diagnosis system that aid non-expert to determine the optimal view for complete supraclavicular block in real time.MethodsUltrasound videos were retrospectively collected from 881 patients to develop the CADx system (600 to the training and validation set and 281 to the test set). The CADx system included classification and segmentation approaches, with Residual neural network (ResNet) and U-Net, respectively, applied as backbone networks. In the classification approach, an ablation study was performed to determine the optimal architecture and improve the performance of the model. In the segmentation approach, a cascade structure, in which U-Net is connected to ResNet, was implemented. The performance of the two approaches was evaluated based on a confusion matrix.ResultsUsing the classification approach, ResNet34 and gated recurrent units with augmentation showed the highest performance, with average accuracy 0.901, precision 0.613, recall 0.757, f1-score 0.677 and AUROC 0.936. Using the segmentation approach, U-Net combined with ResNet34 and augmentation showed poorer performance than the classification approach.ConclusionsThe CADx system described in this study showed high performance in determining the optimal view for SCB. This system could be expanded to include many anatomical regions and may have potential to aid clinicians in real-time settings.Trial registrationThe protocol was registered with the Clinical Trial Registry of Korea (KCT0005822, https://cris.nih.go.kr)
DFT Study of Hydrogen Evolution Reactions of Water Molecule with In7 and In6Al Clusters
Authors: Liu Bing Xin , Lei Dan , Shi Shun Ping , Xue You Wen , Duan Zhan Jiang , Jiang Jing , Yao Chun Yu , Li Yuan Yuan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

The specific process of hydrogen generation by the reaction of In7 and In6Al clusters with H2O molecules is explored through density functional theory in this study. Based on the prediction of the lowest energy structure of In7 and In6Al clusters, the geometric and electronic structures of In7@H2O and In6Al@H2O are obtained by using the dispersion-corrected density functional theory B3LYP-D3. The corresponding reaction paths are constructed according to the transition states in the searched reactions. Then we discuss the reaction path, energy barrier and reaction energy release. The results show that both In7 and In6Al clusters can react with H2O molecules and release hydrogen. Both reactions are exothermic reactions, and the structure of the reaction product are very similar. The comparison of adsorption energy, energy barrier and reaction release energy show that the Al-doped In7 cluster can significantly improve its ability to react with H2O and reduce the energy barrier that has to be overcome for the reaction process. The generated H2 exists on the cluster surface in the form of physical adsorption, which is judged by the adsorption energy, the distance between the H2 molecule and the cluster surface, and the interaction region indicator.
Dynamic Reassociation of the Nuclear Lamina with Newly Replicated DNA
Authors: Lovejoy Callie M. , Nagarajan Prabakaran , Parthun Mark R. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The physical association of specific regions of chromatin with components of the nuclear lamina provides the framework for the 3-dimensionl architecture of the genome. The regulation of these interactions plays a critical role in the maintenance of gene expression patterns and cell identity. The breakdown and reassembly of the nuclear membrane as cells transit mitosis plays a central role in the regulation of the interactions between the genome and the nuclear lamina. However, other nuclear processes, such as transcription, have emerged as regulators of the association of DNA with the nuclear lamina. To determine whether DNA replication also has the potential to regulate DNA-nuclear lamina interactions, we adapted proximity ligation-based chromatin assembly assays to analyze the dynamics of nuclear lamina association with newly replicated DNA. We observe that lamin A/C and lamin B, as well as inner nuclear membrane proteins LBR and emerin, are found in proximity to newly replicated DNA. While core histones rapidly reassociate with DNA following passage of the replication fork, the complete reassociation of nuclear lamina components with newly replicated DNA occurs over a period of approximately 30 minutes. We propose models to describe the disassembly and reassembly of nascent chromatin with the nuclear lamina.
Sentiment Analysis of Twitter Data using Machine Learning: A Case Study of SVM Algorithm
Authors: Garg simran , Chaturvedi Devang , Jain Tanya , Mishra Anju , Kapoor Anjali 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This project report describes the use of machine learning algorithms for sentiment analysis of Twitter data. The dataset is collected from Twitter using API key and pre-processed using various Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques such as stop word removal, punctuation removal, tokenization, stemming, and lemmatization. The pre-processed data is then split into training and testing sets and subjected to feature extraction using count vectorization. Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm is implemented for classification and performance metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score are analyzed. The output is visualized using graphs and the project is implemented in a web application using Flask.
The report discusses the existing and proposed systems for sentiment analysis, highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of using SVM algorithm. The methodology for model building and testing is also presented in detail. Additionally, the report presents a case study of Vader, a sentiment analysis tool, and its performance on Twitter data.
The project report concludes with a discussion on the future scope of the project such as improving the accuracy of the model and incorporating real-time analysis. The report provides a comprehensive overview of sentiment analysis using machine learning algorithms on Twitter data, highlighting the importance and relevance of this field in today's digital age. Overall, the project report serves as a valuable resource for anyone interested in sentiment analysis and machine learning on social media data.
Fusarium amaranthuense sp. nov. from amaranth is an emergent species closely related to Fusarium circinatum
Authors: Hassan Oliul , Ryu Hyunjoo , Lee Sang-Yeob , Choi Hyo-Won 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background Amaranth (Amaranthus spp. L) is not native in South Korea but cultivated in small scales for ornamental purpose as well as a leafy vegetables and pseudo cereals. In this study, a new species within the genus Fusarium was isolated from amaranth showing stem rot symptom from a farmer field in Hwaseong, South Korea. The diseased characterized by dark-brown spot with black border and then get withered.Methods and results Phylogenetic analysis based concatenated sequences of translation elongation factor 1-alpha and DNA-dependent RNA polymerase II second largest subunit genes, revealed that the obtained isolate was clearly distinct other species of Fusarium fujikuroi species complex and the closely related to F. circinatum. Cultural and morphological characteristics and pathogenicity on healthy amaranth plant (stem and leaves) were examined. The isolate was readily differentiating from F. circinatum based on 1–5 septate macro conidia and absence of sterile hyphae.Conclusions Based on molecular and morphological characteristics, this fungus demonstrated to be a new species and described here as Fusarium amaranthuense, the causal agent of stem rot of amaranth in South Korea.
The excitatory neurons in the lateral parabrachial nucleus mediate the interruptive effect of inflammatory pain on a sustained attention task
Authors: Zheng Huan-Yu , Chen Yu-Meng , Xu Yao , Cen Cheng , Wang Yun 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background Attentional deficits are among the most common pain-induced cognitive disorders. Pain disrupts attention and may excessively occupy attentional resources in pathological states, leading to daily function impairment and increased disability. However, the neural circuit mechanisms by which pain disrupts attention are incompletely understood.Methods We used a three-choice serial reaction time task (3CSRTT) to construct a sustained-attention task model in male C57BL/6J mice. Formalin or complete Freund's adjuvant paw injection was used to establish inflammatory pain model. We measured changes in 3CSRTT performance under two inflammatory pain models, and investigated the neural circuit mechanisms of pain-induced attentional deficits.Results Acute inflammatory pain impaired 3CSRTT performance, while chronic inflammatory pain had no effect. Either inhibition of pain ascending pathway by blockade of the conduction of nociceptive signals in the sciatic nerve using local anesthetic lidocaine or chemogenetic inhibition of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IIα (CaMKIIα) neurons in the lateral parabrachial nucleus (LPBN) attenuated the acute inflammatory pain-induced impairment of 3CSRTT performance, while chemogenetic activation of CaMKIIα neurons in the LPBN disrupted the 3CSRTT. Furthermore, the activity of CaMKIIα neurons in the LPBN was significantly lower on day 2 after complete Freund's adjuvant injection than on the day of injection, which correlated with the recovery of 3CSRTT performance under chronic inflammatory pain condition.Conclusions Activation of excitatory neurons in the LPBN is a critical mechanism by which acute inflammatory pain disrupts sustained attention. This finding has implications for the treatment of pain and its cognitive comorbidities.
Beach stage identification for Aksa Beach (Malad, Mumbai) by analysing wave dynamics, grain size distribution and morphodynamic characteristics
Authors: Gadkari Deepali , Das Subhankar 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

The Aksa beach, located in the eastern suburb of Mumbai near Malad, is highly dynamic and experiences frequent spatial and temporal morphological changes, leading to sediment distribution issues and a high risk of drowning hazards. It is essential to identify the beach stage for effective beach management and reducing drowning risk. This study aims to assess the spatial and temporal morphological, sedimentological, and hydrodynamic characteristics of the beach to simplify the determination of its stage with morphodynamic features. Standard geomorphic techniques were used to collect and generate data related to variables such as slope, wave data, and sediment textural characteristics, which were analyzed using statistical techniques. The study utilized two morphodynamic indices, Fall velocity parameters (Ω) and Relative tide range parameters (RTR), to define the beach stage model. The Aksa beach was classified as an intermediate state with a low tide bar (LTB) and rip current, which helps in risk assessment and beach management decisions. The beach stage model is a useful tool for understanding the morphodynamic systems of a beach, and it should be used for easy identification and management of drowning incidents and beach environment.
Fluid-Kinetic-Hybrid Simulation for Ion Thruster using Polymorphic Particles
Authors: Joshi Ninad , Heiliger Christian 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
A hybrid Fluid-Kinetic model based on a polymorphic Particle-in-Cell method is developed for the simulation of plasmas in ion thruster.
The numerical scheme is suited for scenarios in which thermal ions or electrons undergo strong acceleration.
The polymorphic PIC model is tested for the extraction region of an ion thruster.
In this paper, we report the results achieved by implementing the scheme on a single extraction orifice and compare our results with the simulation from known IGUN software for ion extraction.
Kinetic energy budget in turbulent flows of dilute polymer solutions
Authors: Serafini Francesco , Battista Francesco , Gualtieri Paolo , Casciola Carlo Massimo 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Direct numerical simulation of a turbulent pipe flow of a realistic solution of 108 polymers, modelled as finitely extensible nonlinear elastic (FENE) dumbbells, and directly momentum coupled with the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations, are performed by means of an Eulerian-Lagrangian approach. Besides the drag reduction, the polymers significantly modify mean and turbulent kinetic energy budgets. The polymer backreaction to the solvent reduces the Reynolds stress and thus decreases the turbulent production and, at large Weissenberg number, the polymers act as a source of turbulent kinetic energy for y+ > 60, leading to an increase in the dissipation. This effect is peculiar to large Weissenberg polymers and it is particularly apparent at a small Reynolds number. At a smaller Weissenberg number, the effect of the polymers remains confined in the buffer layer, with the kinetic energy budget not significantly altered elsewhere.
Detecting and generating overlapping nested communities
Authors: Gera Imre , London András 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Nestedness has been observed in a variety of networks but has been primarily viewed in the context of bipartite networks. Numerous metrics quantify nestedness and some clustering methods identify fully nested parts of graphs, but all with similar limitations. Clustering approaches also fail to uncover the overlap between fully nested subgraphs, as they assign vertices to a single group only.
In this paper, we look at the nestedness of a network through an auxiliary graph, in which a directed edge represents a nested relationship between the two corresponding vertices of the network. We present an algorithm that recovers this so-called community graph, and finds the overlapping fully nested subgraphs of a network. We also introduce an algorithm for generating graphs with such nested structure given by a community graph. This algorithm can be used to test a community detection algorithm of this kind and potentially to evaluate different metrics of nestedness as well. Finally, we evaluate our nested community detection algorithm on a large variety of networks, including biparite and non-bipartite ones too. We derive a new metric from the community graph to quantify the nestedness of both bipartite and non-bipartite networks.
Highly Sensitive Colorimetric Detection of the Toxic Metal Cadmium in Rice Using a New TAA@AuNPs Sensor
Authors: Li Guona , Xie Hongzhen , Li Xing 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
A highly toxic heavy metal Cd2+ not only pollutes the environment but also poses a serious health risk to humans through water intake and food chains. Thus, to measure the concentration of Cd2+ with simplicity, sensitivity, and rapidity in tap water, soil, and rice is important particularly. In the work, an efficient sensor based on gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) modified with 3-(1H-Tetrazol-5-yl) aniline (TAA) for the colorimetric detection of Cd2+ is rationally proposed. The chelation between Cd2+ and TAA@AuNPs is characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), UV-visible spectroscopy, Fourier transforms infrared (FTIR) and analyzed by Gaussian16w and Multiwfn simulations. The system color from wine-red to gray-blue with raising Cd2+ concentration resulted from the agglomeration of AuNPs with high anti-interference and selectivity, which could be visually perceived with the naked eye. The limit of detection (LOD) is 1.0 µM by the unaided eye, and 31 nM by UV-vis spectroscopy with the excellent linear relationship (R2 = 0.99049) in the range of 0.0 ~ 8.0µM (Cd2+ concentration) showing that AuNPs modified with TAA could serve as the quantitative determination of Cd2+. After testing the tap water, soil, and rice, it is considered that the new test way can be practically applied to the monitoring of harmful metal Cd2+ in environmental systems.
Autoimmune Encephalitis in COVID-19 patients : a systematic review of case reports and case series
Authors: Xue Hua , Zeng Li , He Hongxian , Xu Dongxun , Ren Kaixin 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Introduction: Growing evidence demonstrated the occurrence of neurological complications such as ischemic stroke, epilepsy, and autoimmune encephalitis ( AE ) associated with COVID − 19 infection. The purpose of this review was to summarize the clinical symptoms, treatment, and outcome of COVID-19-associated AE.Methods: We searched case reports and case series of AE associated with COVID-19 between January 1, 2020, and March 31, 2023, using Pubmed, Embase, and Web of Science databases. After screening and further evaluation, irrelevant articles were excluded. Information related to treatment, clinical manifestations, comorbidities, and outcomes was extracted and summarized.Results: 36 studies were included in this review, 34 of which were case reports and 2 were case series. A total of 39 patients with AE were included, including 18 (46%) cases of unknown type of AE, 10 (26%) cases of anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) encephalitis, 4 (10%) cases of limbic encephalitis, 3 (8%) cases of anti-myelin-oligodendrocyte-glycoprotein (MOG) encephalitis, and other type of AE. In addition, the clinical manifestations of AE are mainly disturbance of consciousness, seizure and psychiatric symptoms. Although the symptoms of AE are varied, most patients could recover completely, with a few having residual symptoms of neurological damage.Conclusions: In this systematic review, the characteristics of COVID-19-associated AE are summarized, including neurological manifestations, treatment, types, and outcomes. Although COVID−19-associated AE can sometimes be life-threatening, most AE is reversible if treated promptly.