bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inter-implant distance and buccal bone thickness for a novel implant design: a preclinical study
Authors: Chen Stephen , Darby Ivan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Objectives
This study assessed bone height between novel tapered implants at different inter-implant thread peak (TP) distances, and the impact of TP distance from outer buccal bone (BB) on marginal bone levels (MBL).

Materials and Methods
Fully tapered implants with 0.5-mm thread depth and TP diameter 1 mm wider than the shoulder diameter were placed in healed ridges of minipigs. On one side, four implants were placed with inter-implant TP distances of 1, 2, or 3 mm corresponding to inter-implant implant shoulder distances of 2, 3, and 4 mm respectively. Three implants were placed on the other side with TP distances to outer BB of > 1 mm, 0.5–1 mm, or < 0.5 mm. After 12 weeks, (a) first bone-to-implant contact (fBIC), total BIC, bone area-to-total area (BATA), and coronal bone height between implants (Bi ½ max) for inter-implant distance, and (b) fBIC, BIC, and perpendicular crest to implant shoulder (pCIS) for BB were evaluated.

Results
No significant differences in bone healing and inter-implant bone height were noted for any of the TP distances. BB resorption was significant when TP distance to outer BB was < 0.5 mm. However, fBIC was lowest with TP to outer BB of 1.75 mm.

Conclusions
Inter-implant bone height between adjacent implants can be maintained even at an inter-implant TP distance as low as 1 mm. A minimum TP to outer BB distance of 0.75 mm is required for predictable maintenance of MBL.

Clinical relevance
Inter-implant distance and BB thickness are clinically relevant and require preclinical research to clarify concepts.
Simultaneous determination of dehydroacetic acid, benzoic acid, sorbic acid, methylparaben and ethylparaben in foods by high-performance liquid chromatography
Authors: So Ji Sun , Lee Soo Bin , Lee Jin Hye , Nam Hye Seon , Lee Jong Kwon 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this study, an analytical method was established and validated to determine the preservatives such as dehydroacetic acid, benzoic acid, sorbic acid, methylparaben and ethylparaben. The level of preservatives was measured by solvent extraction method adding purification process with carrez reagent and by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The developed analytical method was successfully applied to determine the concentration of preservatives in various food samples including jam, cheese and soy sauce, displaying high accuracy (recoveries between 87.8% and 110%) and precision (%RSD less than 5.92% and 7.72% for intra-day and inter-day, respectively). To verify the applicability of the improved test method, selected 13 food items and collected 521 samples were monitored. As a result, all the cases met the Korea standard guidelines. Consequently, this study is expected to contribute to the safety management of preservatives for domestic distribution and imported food.
Fissurectomy versus lateral internal sphincterotomy in the treatment of chronic anal fissures: no advantages in terms of post-operative incontinence
Authors: Tutino Roberta , Nigro Casimiro , Paternostro Flavia , Federico Rosa , Lo Secco Giacomo , Gallo Gaetano , Santarelli Mauro , Cocorullo Gianfranco , Bonventre Sebastiano 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The standard treatment for chronic anal fissures that have failed non-operative management is lateral internal sphincterotomy. Surgery can cause de novo incontinence. Fissurectomy has been proposed as a sphincter/saving procedure, especially in the presence of a deep posterior pouch with or without a crypt infection. This study investigated whether fissurectomy offers a benefit in terms of de novo post-operative incontinence.

Methods
Patients surgically managed with fissurectomy or lateral internal sphincterotomy for chronic anal fissures from 2013 to 2019 have been included. Healing rate, changes in continence and patient satisfaction were investigated at long-term follow-up.

Results
One hundred twenty patients (55 females, 65 males) were analysed: 29 patients underwent fissurectomy and 91 lateral internal sphincterotomy. Mean follow-up was 55 months [confidence interval (CI) 5–116 months]. Both techniques showed some rate of de novo post-operative incontinence (> +3 Vaizey score points): 8.9% lateral internal sphincterotomy, 17.8% fissurectomy (p = 0.338). The mean Vaizey score in these patients was 10.37 [standard deviation (sd) 6.3] after lateral internal sphincterotomy (LIS) and 5.4 (sd 2.3) after fissurectomy Healing rate was 97.8% in the lateral internal sphincterotomy group and 75.8% in the fissurectomy group (p = 0.001). In the lateral internal sphincterotomy group, patients with de novo post-op incontinence showed a statistically significant lower satisfaction rate (9.2 ± 1.57 versus 6.13 ± 3; p = 0.023) while no differences were present in the fissurectomy group (8.87 ± 1.69 versus 7.4 ± 1.14; p = 0.077).

Conclusions
Lateral internal sphincterotomy is confirmed as the preferred technique in term of healing rate. Fissurectomy did not offer a lower rate of de novo post-operative incontinence, but resulted in lower Vaizey scores in patients in whom this occurred. Satisfaction was lower in patients suffering a de novo post-operative incontinence after lateral internal sphincterotomy.
Profiling of kidney involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus by deep learning using the National Database of Designated Incurable Diseases of Japan
Authors: Kimura Tomonori , Ikeuchi Hidekazu , Yoshino Mitsuaki , Sakate Ryuichi , Maruyama Shoichi , Narita Ichiei , Hiromura Keiju 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Kidney involvement frequently occurs in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and its clinical manifestations are complicated. We profiled kidney involvement in SLE patients using deep learning based on data from the National Database of Designated Incurable Diseases of Japan.

Methods
We analyzed the cross-sectional data of 1655 patients with SLE whose Personal Clinical Records were newly registered between 2015 and 2017. We trained an artificial neural network using clinical data, and the extracted characteristics were evaluated using an autoencoder. We tested the difference of population proportions to analyze the correlation between the presence or absence of kidney involvement and that of other clinical manifestations.

Results
Data of patients with SLE were compressed in a feature space in which the anti-double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (anti-dsDNA) antibody titer, antinuclear antibody titer, or white blood cell count contributed significantly to distinguishing patients. Many SLE manifestations were accompanied by kidney involvement, whereas in a subgroup of patients with high anti-dsDNA antibody titers and low antinuclear antibody titers, kidney involvement was positively and negatively correlated with hemolytic anemia and inflammatory manifestations, respectively.

Conclusion
Although there are various combinations of SLE manifestations, our study revealed that some of them are specific to kidney involvement. SLE profiles extracted from the objective analysis will be useful for categorizing SLE manifestations.
Nuclear Translocation Triggered at the Onset of Hearing in Cochlear Inner Hair Cells of Rats and Mice
Authors: Iyer Megana R. , Kalluri Radha 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Nuclear position is precisely orchestrated during cell division, migration, and maturation of cells and tissues. Here we report a previously unrecognized, programmed movement of the nucleus in rat and mouse cochlear inner hair cells (IHCs) coinciding with the functional maturation of inner hair cells around the onset of hearing.

Methods
We measured hair cell length and nuclear position from confocal scans of immunofluorescence-labeled hair cells from whole-mount cochlear preparations throughout post-natal development.

Results
In early post-natal days, the IHC experiences a period of sustained growth, during which the nucleus sits at the very basal pole of the cell, far from the apically located mechano-transducing stereocilia, but close to where synapses with primary afferent and efferent neurons are forming. After IHCs reach their final length, the nucleus moves to occupy a new position half-way along the length of the cell. Nuclear translocation begins in the middle turn, completes throughout the cochlea within 2–3 days, and coincides with the emergence of endolymphatic potential, the acquisition of big-conductance potassium channels (BK), and the onset of acoustic hearing. IHCs cultured in-vitro without endolymphatic potential (EP) do not grow, do not express BK, and do not experience nuclear movement. IHCs cultured in high K+ solutions (to simulate EP) grow but do not experience nuclear movement or acquire BK channels.

Conclusion
Nuclear migration at the onset of hearing is a key step in the morphological maturation of IHCs. Whether this plays a role in functional maturation remains to be explored.
A mobile e-learning application for enhancement of basic mathematical skills in visually impaired children
Authors: Shoaib Muhammad , Khan Shakeel , Fitzpatrick Donal , Pitt Ian 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAlthough smartphones are equipped with accessibility functions, they still pose significant problems for visually impaired people. Sometimes these functions cannot fulfil the expectations of users. Early mobile devices had physical buttons and a keypad, and visually impaired users could navigate around the keypad using the tactile markers on the buttons. However, the lack of tactile markers makes it much more difficult to operate a touchscreen device. This paper describes an e-learning platform that is designed to improve the accessibility of smartphone applications for students who are visually impaired but have some useful vision. A User-Centered Design approach was used to develop an effective solution for visually impaired students. A study was conducted during the development of the described platform, and the results showed that our suggested design improves task completion time as compared to the initial version. Participants also expressed higher levels of satisfaction when using the improved design of this platform. The modified design was also assessed using the Mobile Application Rating Scale (MARS), and the results indicate that it is quite reliable and rated well among visually impaired children. Furthermore, developers can use our suggested design guidelines such as clear navigation, color contrast, immediate feedback, icon arrangements, button and text size in the development of new applications.
Predictive structure building in language comprehension: a large sample study on incremental licensing and parallelism
Authors: Fujita Hiroki 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn online language comprehension, the parser incrementally builds hierarchical syntactic structures. The predictive nature of this structure-building process has been the subject of extensive debate. A previous study observed that when a wh-phrase indicates parallelism between the upcoming wh-clause and a preceding clause (e.g.,John told some stories, but we couldn’t remember which stories…), the parser predictively constructs the wh-clause. This observation demonstrates predictive structure building. However, the study also suggests that the parser does not make a prediction when the wh-phrase indicates that parallelism does not hold (e.g.,John told some stories … with which stories…), a potential limit to the prediction of syntactic structures. Crucially, these findings are controversial because the study did not observe processing difficulty when disambiguating input indicated that the predicted continuation was inconsistent with the globally grammatical structure (garden-path effects). The controversial results may be due to a lack of statistical power. Therefore, the present study conducted a large-scale replication study (324 participants and 24 sets of materials). The results revealed that the parser predicts the clausal structure, irrespective of the type of wh-phrase. There was also evidence of garden-path effects, supporting the finding that the parser makes a prediction. These observations suggest that the prediction algorithm inherent in the human parser is more powerful than assumed by the previous study and that the parser attempts to construct globally grammatical structures during revision.
Restoring mixed forests through conversion of Norway spruce stands: effects of fencing and mechanical site preparation on performance of planted beech and natural tree regeneration
Authors: Löf Magnus , Sandell Festin Emma , Szydło Mateusz , Brunet Jörg 
Published: March 2023

AbstractConversion of Norway spruce (Picea abies) plantations to more diverse and resilient forest types is an important task for European forest managers in the face of climate change and increased focus on ecosystem services beyond timber production. However, there is a lack of knowledge on how to cost-effectively restore such forests. This study reports the influence of vicinity (distance) of forest type (mixed or spruce), fencing and mechanical site preparation (MSP) on the early performance of planted beech (Fagus sylvatica) seedlings and natural regeneration of other tree species following clear-cuts of Norway spruce in southern Sweden. After 6 years, we found clear effects of fencing and MSP, but not of vicinity of forest type. Fencing had a positive effect on height growth of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) but not on height of planted beech and naturally regenerated birch (Betula pendula,B. pubescens). There was a positive effect of MSP on survival and height growth of planted beech, and on the amount of natural regeneration of Scots pine. We conclude that establishment of beech forest is greatly accelerated by active regeneration approaches such as planting. In addition, the combination of planting beech, natural regeneration of other species, fencing and MSP is effective to promote the transition to mixed and diverse stands with both broadleaves and conifers. Fencing represented the highest cost among the treatments, and its cost-effectiveness depends on the local ungulate browsing pressure. In our study, fencing was critical to protect natural regeneration of Scots pine from browsing. Finally, natural regeneration of birch was abundant in our study and relatively unaffected by fencing and MSP treatments. With time, pre-commercial thinning of the naturally regenerated birch will be needed to maintain a diverse mixture of tree species.
A standalone prediction model for atomic oxygen and coronal mass ejections
Authors: Mahmoud W. M. , Elfiky D. , Robaa S. M. , Elnawawy M. S. , Yousef S. M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis paper presents a standalone predictive model for Atomic Oxygen (AO), Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) and other space-environment parameters. The prediction is based on the numerical method of Holt–Winter’s triple smooth exponential forecasting of atmospheric constituents. Solar cycle 25 is likely to show about the same activity as cycle 23. The corresponding AO-flux–solar-activity correlation coefficients for altitudes 100, 200, and 300 km are: 0.62, 0.53, and 0.48, respectively, while the correlation coefficients for higher altitudes are lower than 0.48, an advantage that makes them more favorable for LEOs due to the harmful corrosive effects.
Finnish parliament ASR corpus
Authors: Virkkunen Anja , Rouhe Aku , Phan Nhan , Kurimo Mikko 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPublic sources like parliament meeting recordings and transcripts provide ever-growing material for the training and evaluation of automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems. In this paper, we publish and analyse the Finnish Parliament ASR Corpus, the most extensive publicly available collection of manually transcribed speech data for Finnish with over 3000 h of speech and 449 speakers for which it provides rich demographic metadata. This corpus builds on earlier initial work, and as a result the corpus has a natural split into two training subsets from two periods of time. Similarly, there are two official, corrected test sets covering different times, setting an ASR task with longitudinal distribution-shift characteristics. An official development set is also provided. We developed a complete Kaldi-based data preparation pipeline and ASR recipes for hidden Markov models (HMM), hybrid deep neural networks (HMM-DNN), and attention-based encoder-decoders (AED). For HMM-DNN systems, we provide results with time-delay neural networks (TDNN) as well as state-of-the-art wav2vec 2.0 pretrained acoustic models. We set benchmarks on the official test sets and multiple other recently used test sets. Both temporal corpus subsets are already large, and we observe that beyond their scale, HMM-TDNN ASR performance on the official test sets has reached a plateau. In contrast, other domains and larger wav2vec 2.0 models benefit from added data. The HMM-DNN and AED approaches are compared in a carefully matched equal data setting, with the HMM-DNN system consistently performing better. Finally, the variation of the ASR accuracy is compared between the speaker categories available in the parliament metadata to detect potential biases based on factors such as gender, age, and education.
Segmentation and Classification Approaches of Clinically Relevant Curvilinear Structures: A Review
Authors: KV Rajitha , Prasad Keerthana , Peralam Yegneswaran Prakash 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDetection of curvilinear structures from microscopic images, which help the clinicians to make an unambiguous diagnosis is assuming paramount importance in recent clinical practice. Appearance and size of dermatophytic hyphae, keratitic fungi, corneal and retinal vessels vary widely making their automated detection cumbersome. Automated deep learning methods, endowed with superior self-learning capacity, have superseded the traditional machine learning methods, especially in complex images with challenging background. Automatic feature learning ability using large input data with better generalization and recognition capability, but devoid of human interference and excessive pre-processing, is highly beneficial in the above context. Varied attempts have been made by researchers to overcome challenges such as thin vessels, bifurcations and obstructive lesions in retinal vessel detection as revealed through several publications reviewed here. Revelations of diabetic neuropathic complications such as tortuosity, changes in the density and angles of the corneal fibers have been successfully sorted in many publications reviewed here. Since artifacts complicate the images and affect the quality of analysis, methods addressing these challenges have been described. Traditional and deep learning methods, that have been adapted and published between 2015 and 2021 covering retinal vessels, corneal nerves and filamentous fungi have been summarized in this review. We find several novel and meritorious ideas and techniques being put to use in the case of retinal vessel segmentation and classification, which by way of cross-domain adaptation can be utilized in the case of corneal and filamentous fungi also, making suitable adaptations to the challenges to be addressed.
A Comparison of the Volumetric Properties of Proteated and Deuterated Water and Their Relation to Other Thermodynamic Properties
Authors: Fucaloro Anthony F. , Zanella Andrew 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe unusual volumetric properties of both proteated and deuterated water are explored by carefully comparing their volumetric properties and developing a heuristic molecular model to describe the behavior. The behavior is further explored by relating these properties to other well-known thermodynamic properties.
Effects of Interferon-γ and Interleukin-4 on Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen Expression in Transplanted Bone Tumor Tissue
Authors: Lv Jiaxing , Ji Jianjun , Bai Leipeng , Xu Ying , Su Zhenyan , Jin Yu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe rabbit VX2 bone tumor model is an ideal animal model for studying malignant bone tumors. Cytokines have been reported to play a role in tumor initiation and promotion, angiogenesis, and metastasis. However, few studies have investigated the relationship between cytokines and VX2 bone tumor development. This study investigated the effect of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) on proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression in tumor tissue. Thirty Japanese white rabbits were randomly divided into group A (n = 15) and group B (n = 15). The rabbit VX2 bone tumor model was constructed by implanting VX2 tumors on the medial side of the upper tibia. Group A was sacrificed in the first week of implantation, and group B in the second week of implantation. Peripheral venous blood, tumor tissue from the medullary cavity at the implantation site, and surrounding bone and soft tissue were harvested before implantation and execution in both experimental groups. IFN-γ and IL-4 expression levels in peripheral blood and PCNA levels in tumor tissues were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The tumor tissue of the medullary cavity and surrounding bone and soft tissue was harvested for pathological examination. By the end of the experiment, 30 rabbits were included in the study. There was no significant difference in IFN-γ, IL-4 and PCNA expression levels in group A compared to group B before implantation (t = 1.187, p value = 0.255; t = 1.282, p value = 0.221; t = 0.499, p value = 0.626). IFN-γ and IL-4 expression levels before execution in group A were not significantly different from those before implantation (t = -1.280, p value = 0.213; t = 0.952, p value = 0.349), and PCNA expression levels were higher than those before implantation (t = 2.469, p value = 0.020). Group B had significantly lower IFN-γ expression levels before execution than before implantation (t = -3.741, p value = 0.001) and significantly higher IL-4 and PCNA expression levels before execution than before implantation (t = 6.279, p value < 0.01; t = 13.031, p value < 0.001). IFN-γ expression levels before execution in group B was significantly lower than those before execution in group A (t = 17.184, p value < 0.001), and IL-4 and PCNA expression before execution in group B was significantly higher than that before execution in group A (t = -26.235, p value < 0.001; t = -24.619, p value < 0.001). The correlation between IFN-γ and PCNA levels before execution in groups A and B was negative (r = -0.566, p value = 0.028; r = -0.604, p value = 0.017), and the correlation between IL-4 and PCNA levels was positive (r = 0.583, p value = 0.023; r = 0.884, p value < 0.001). In the rabbit VX2 bone tumor model, extending the period of time after tumor implantation resulted in a negative correlation between IFN-γ and PCNA levels and a positive correlation between IL-4 and PCNA levels.