bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parity
Authors: Andreou Chrisoula 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This chapter uses the distinction between relational and categorial appraisal responses to illuminate the possibility of incommensurable alternatives and incomplete preferences. In particular, the chapter shows how the distinction between relational and categorial appraisal responses allows us to make sense of the possibility of two options not being one better than the other or exactly equally good, but still comparable as “on a par.” This possibility reinforces the possibility of rationally incomplete preferences.
Betterness
Authors: Andreou Chrisoula 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This chapter focuses on the following question: If rational preferences can be cyclic, what should we conclude about the (presumed) acyclicity of the “better than” relation—where “X is better than Y (as an option for A)” is to be understood as “opting for X would be a better choice (on A’s part) than opting for Y”? Building on some revisionary suggestions concerning acyclicity and betterness, the case is made for hanging on to the presumption that “better than (as an option for A)” is acyclic even if “is rationally preferred to (by A)” is not. The divergence this view makes room for does not threaten to make “better than” judgments less relevant to choice than judgments about rational preference. To the contrary, it makes them more relevant. Toward the end of the chapter, the reasoning regarding the relation “better than” is extended to the relation “is morally better than” given the possibility of moral preferability cycles.
Regret in Continued Endorsement Cases
Authors: Andreou Chrisoula 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This chapter shows that if the possibility of rationally cyclic preferences is taken seriously, then regret—understood as mourning the loss of a forgone good—in continued endorsement cases need not be tied to the idea that the loss of the good is not fully made up for by the gain of a preferred or incomparable good of a different kind. Instead, it can be tied to the need to settle, via league-based satisficing, on a dispreferred alternative. Where such settling is required, regret on the part of the agent is appropriately grounded in the idea that, although his choice was defensible relative to his concerns, he deprived himself of a preferred alternative. In such cases, the agent’s loss of the forgone good cannot be softened by the thought that the loss was necessary for the gain of a preferred or incomparable good of a different sort.
The Musical Brain
Authors: Svard Lois 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Neuroscientists have been studying musicians and the process of making music for the past three decades. The Musical Brain: What Students, Teachers, and Performers Need to Know explores some of these exciting research areas and demonstrates the impact this research can have, not only on the study and performance of music, but on how we think about the place of music in our lives. The book looks at research areas such as the biological foundations of music, neuroplasticity, imagery, mirror neurons, learning and memory, music cognition, musical abilities of babies, and cognitive advantages of studying music, and suggests applications based on this research for our earliest musical interactions with infants, for the practice room, for the teaching studio, and for performance. The book uses the stories and experiences of some exceptional musicians to demonstrate the brain processes discussed in the text and an accompanying website provides links to interviews, performance clips, photos, demonstrations, and essays that augment and amplify what is possible in a print format.
Coros y Danzas
Authors: Jordan Daniel David 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis book explores how women of the early Franco regime (1939–1953) adapted rural music traditions and ideas of Spanish nationalism according to different political circumstances. The Sección Femenina (Women’s Section) of the fascist Falange party represented the regime’s views and policies on female gender roles. Through their Department of Music, these women shaped traditional Spanish songs and dances to promote ideas of Catholic morality throughout the nation’s culturally diverse regions, helped legitimize colonial involvement in Spain’s African territories, and formed political ties with the Allied powers after the Second World War. This book is particularly relevant to readers with interests in twentieth-century Spanish history, cultural diplomacy, and the Cold War.
Songs and Dances of the Raza Española
Authors: Jordan Daniel David 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis chapter explores how instructoras of the Sección Femenina used musical folklore to shape foundational myths of the raza española during the first two decades of the Franco regime. Drawing from literature on cultural nostalgia, it analyzes how instructoras placed the origins of many Spanish folk songs and dances in prehistoric Iberia. It then relates the Sección Femenina’s musical theater plays about the heroes of the medieval Reconquista to the Franco regime’s mission to purge “contaminating” foreign culture and leftist ideologies from the nation. The second half of the chapter reveals how the Franco regime dealt with certain banned languages and dances that were strongly associated with regional autonomy and the Second Republic.
Sorority in the Americas
Authors: Jordan Daniel David 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis chapter reveals how the Sección Femenina used music to promote an Iberian-Latin American “hermandad” (brotherhood) within Cuba, the Dominican Republic, and Latin American communities within the United States during the 1950s. These diplomatic missions promoted political solidarity and highlighted the common historical, cultural, and linguistic characteristics of Spain and three of its former colonies. The women of the Sección Femenina carried out diplomacy through tours of the Coros y Danzas, educational exchange programs, and the establishment of local dance troupes trained by the Sección Femenina’s instructoras. Unlike the Coros y Danzas’ tours in the United States and Europe, the Sección Femenina’s missions of cultural diplomacy in the Hispanophone Caribbean were much more involved with local state cultural programs. The Batista and Trujillo regimes worked directly with the Sección Femenina to help maintain officially sanctioned perceptions of race in their own nation-building projects. The Spanish instructoras who were commissioned to collect folk songs and dances in these dictatorships surreptitiously replaced local Afro-Caribbean rhythms and melodies with repertoire from Spain—an effort to connect the ruling elites of the Spanish, Cuban, and Dominican dictatorships through their supposedly shared white European ancestry. Meanwhile, the Franco regime promoted these cultural exchanges through newspaper articles and newsreels at home to support its nostalgia for Spain’s sixteenth-century imperial “Golden Age.”
Conflict, Alliance, and the Stella Comans
Authors: Lewis Anne-Marie 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Following the ludi of 44 b.c., Octavianus continued to observe the heavens and to notice the celestial display at events important in his life. In the months following, the rivalry between Octavianus and Antonius intensified, culminating in the Battle of Mutina in 43 b.c. Their uneasy truce led to the Second Triumvirate, brutal proscriptions of political rivals including Cicero, and the battles at Philippi in 42 b.c. against the murderers of Caesar. From this period, Octavianus would emerge, still confident of his destiny and of his ability to control the narrative when it came to the celestial sphere. The public appearance of the stella comans, another bright star that appeared on the day of Caesar’s deification in January 42 b.c., would come to represent the more prestigious location in the zodiacal constellation Chelae (Libra), where the soul of the deified Caesar was now to be permanently found.
The Role of Music Conservatoires in the Making of Classical Music Careers
Authors: Prokop Rainer , Reitsamer Rosa 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This chapter aims to deepen our understanding of the role of music conservatoires in the production and reproduction of social inequalities by exploring the admissions process, particularly the cultures of valuation at entrance exams. Drawing upon interviews with music teachers working at elite state-funded higher music education institutions in Austria or Germany, this chapter will explore how the teachers’ self-concepts shape their valuation practices and the construction of the “ideal” classical music student to an extent that they can result in acts of self-affirmation and self-reproduction. It argues that these acts contribute significantly to the reproduction of the association of the classical music profession with white middle-class culture and suggest that increasing diversity in relation to “race”/ethnicity and class among music teachers can help to disrupt processes of “social cloning.”
Making Space for Disability and Music to Interact
Authors: Vibrans Oliver 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In this chapter, editor Anna Bull interviews British composer Oliver Vibrans about his musical practice as a disabled professional musician. Oliver talks about learning how to access disability as an identity in his work, rather than having to hide it or overcome it, and the importance for disabled musicians of being able to choose whether and when their disability should be important in their music-making. In classical music, disabling factors can include the prioritization of “correct” technique for orchestral instruments, and the way that the pedagogies don’t necessarily suit people with different bodies. Oliver argues that it is crucial to have an expectation that disabled people will be able to make music to a high level. The visibility of such high-quality music-making by disabled people is also important. Challenges for disability activism include taking into account the wide range of experiences that disability covers. However, this challenge opens up space for positive changes that can benefit everyone, as it requires people and organizations to become more sensitive to everyone’s differing needs.
Black on the Podium
Authors: Brown Brandon Keith 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In this chapter, editor Anna Bull interviews Brandon Keith Brown about being a Black conductor and an activist in classical music. Brandon describes how his experiences led him to start speaking out about racism in classical music. He explains why getting more Black conductors onto the podium is a crucial step toward seeing Black people as producers of classical music, and how this will help create a more inclusive environment for Black musicians in orchestras. His mission for orchestras involves bringing them into dialogue with the communities they serve, but this has not yet happened in many places even with the impetus of the Black Lives Matter movement. Brandon discusses the fine line that he and other anti-racist activists in classical music have to take between adapting to Whiteness, and speaking out. Overall, he argues that organizations need to teach their audiences—and need to learn for themselves—that Black people deserve and belong in the classical music space.
Irreconcilable Senses of Belonging
Authors: Kowalczyk Beata M. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Drawing on rich empirical material collected through multi-sited research among Japanese musicians based in France, Poland, and Japan, this chapter explores the professional lives of Japanese artists in the context of the racialized discourse of “authenticity” in classical music. The author shows how these musicians build their careers in the classical music industry, where they are unequally positioned as “inauthentic” on the grounds of their socially constructed ethno-cultural heritage, which is deemed incompatible with “authentic” classical musicianship. By unpacking the senses involved in the “authenticity” discourse in classical music, this analysis sheds light on the putative conflict that musicians experience when raising claims to professional identification with classical musicianship and their ethno-cultural affiliation with Japan. This chapter demonstrates how Japanese artists struggle to gain recognition within the classical music industry by engaging in transnational artistic activities in order to align with “authentic musicianship” while preserving their Japanese heritage.
[Re-]training Classical Musicians Toward Polymusicality and Hybridization
Authors: Silpayamanant Jon 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This chapter is an interview with Jon Silpayamanant, a cellist, music director, and multi-instrumentalist who lives and works in Indiana in the US. Jon describes his experience of being a classically trained musician of Thai heritage who then moved away from classical music toward intercultural music-making, bringing together musicians from diverse musical and cultural backgrounds in the various ensembles he has run. He discusses one of the challenging aspects of bringing together musicians with different training, expertise, and backgrounds, which is rehearsing. Jon outlines the importance of recognizing that classical music has already been adapted or hybridized in different cultural contexts and that diversity needs to go beyond repertoire and include musical styles. Jon’s main instrument, the cello, can be thought of as a prototype that has been used in different ways across cultures. This way of thinking allows us to recognize the diversity that is already present in classical music.
Inclusion and Diversity in the Early Music Scene in the US
Authors: Neely Patricia Ann 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This chapter is an interview with the internationally acclaimed viola da gamba/vielle player Patricia Ann Neely and discusses a range of issues relating to her career in the early and classical music field in the US and internationally, as well as her work as an activist advocating for more inclusivity and diversity in these spaces. Patricia discusses how she got into working on diversity in early music, as well as a wide range of initiatives she was involved in setting up. The chapter covers the potentials and pitfalls of advocating for change in the fields of early and classical music, how the pandemic and Black Lives Matter have affected this activism, and what message Patricia would give to activists and musicians who want to make change in classical music.
Illuminating Women’s Music
Authors: Slater Angela Elizabeth 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Canonization and notions of “canonic status” have long acted as structures for understanding classical music. Exclusionary canonic structures are problematic when shown in light of the place of minoritized composers in the wider classical music landscape. This chapter focuses on the exclusion of women from the canon as a starting point for wider—and necessary—debates about a more diverse canon, not only in relation to gender, but also other axes of difference. The chapter looks at practical ways in which meaningful change can be made. As a case study, the chapter discusses Illuminate Women’s Music, the theoretical impetus underpinning some of its ideas, the work it has achieved so far, and what it says about audience knowledge of, and attitudes toward, women composers. This demonstrates that introducing new composers and works can maintain interest going forward, make overlooked composers more visible in canonic terms, and diversify concert audiences.
“A Community of 30,000 Musicians behind You”
Authors: Shortell John 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In this chapter, editor Anna Bull interviews John Shortell, head of equality, diversity, and inclusion at the UK Musicians’ Union [MU], about the MU’s work. In the interview, John describes the MU’s organizing structures and campaigning work on inequalities in the music industry. He then describes the strategies used by the MU to create a more representative internal structure. A detailed account is presented of two campaign areas: inclusion strategies for disabled musicians such as encouraging employers to routinely use “access riders,” and the Safe Space campaign around sexual harassment in the music industry. The ways in which the classical music industry needs to adapt to these issues is explored. The interview also includes discussion of poor practice of EDI (equality, diversity, and inclusion) in the music industry, as well as the challenges presented by the COVID-19 pandemic for diversity work.
The Drive for Dollars
Authors: Taylor Brian D. , Morris Eric A. , Brown Jeffrey R. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
American cities are distinct from almost all others in the degree to which freeways, and travel on them, dominate the urban landscape. While they have fallen out of favor among many transportation planners and policymakers, especially those who seek more sustainable, less car-dependent modes of travel, today the share of urban travel carried by (increasingly congested) freeways is greater than ever. This book tells the largely misunderstood story of how the United States came to make freeways the centerpiece of its urban transportation systems, and the crucial, and often overlooked, role of fiscal politics in bringing this about. We aim to help readers understand the still-relevant possibilities of roads not taken in U.S. urban transportation planning over the past century, as well as the central role that fiscal politics plays in transportation right up to the present day.
Cities, Cars, and Freeways
Authors: Taylor Brian D. , Morris Eric A. , Brown Jeffrey R. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Urban planners have alternately viewed the automobile and suburbanization as the saviors of urban civilization and as its banes. Both remedied long-standing urban problems associated with crowded cities that depended on horse-drawn transportation. But autos and suburbs also led to new problems associated with pollution and auto-oriented sprawling development. The urban freeway has played a central role as a contributor to both the benefits and the costs of automobile-oriented cities. Particularly in the United States, urban freeways have exercised a significant influence on cities and the lives of the residents who live within them and near them. Yet, the freeways that exist in most cities today bear only scant resemblance to the facilities planned by early planners and engineers. The legacy of freeways has attracted enthusiastic support from some authors and condemnation by many others, but, in all, prior work has failed to take a holistic view of both freeways’ benign and malign impacts and has also failed to focus on the financial calculus that has made the freeway system what it is today.
Financing Freeways in the Postwar Era
Authors: Taylor Brian D. , Morris Eric A. , Brown Jeffrey R. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Immediately after World War II, political debates and bargaining over how to fund ambitions plans for freeways took place, first in Sacramento, California and later in Washington, DC. California took a series of steps that would presage later highway finance developments at the national level. While California’s iconic image as the global capital of automobile culture is in some ways misplaced, it was indeed a pioneer in building a statewide freeway system. The California fiscal-administrative model would become the prototype for the rest of the country—most importantly, for the U.S. Interstate Highway System. Many interests that would later comprise the “Highway Lobby” began as determined opponents of increasing taxes and fees to build freeways but were won over during the process. Urban interests were brought into the highway finance coalition with promises to build the new superhighways, not just between cities, but within them as well. This urbanization of state and federal highway finance, culminating at the federal level in 1956, would transform American cities and travel within them for generations to come.
The Fall of the Freeway Era
Authors: Taylor Brian D. , Morris Eric A. , Brown Jeffrey R. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Vast networks of freeways began to transform cities as well as travel in them. As freeway construction and use began to negatively impact urban communities, freeways generated increasing controversy. As a result, the bipartisan political consensus that had originally emerged around freeway development proved both short-lived and an exception to the century-old rule of ad hoc transportation planning and finance. But even more importantly for the eventual demise of the freeway-building era, the smoothly running highway finance machine that was in high gear in the early 1960s began to sputter just a few years later. Conventional wisdom holds that rising political opposition to urban freeways cut their development short; that’s true, but only part of the story. Ultimately, more urban freeways were stopped by the fiscal well running dry than by public backlash against them.
Global Participation in the “Space Frontier”
Authors: Marshall Alan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
“Global Participation in the ‘Space Frontier’ ” connects spaceflight’s geopolitical past to its present. According to international agreements between the space-faring nations of the world, the bodies of the Solar System are the province of all humanity, and are made off-limits to imperialist annexation. Because of this, it might be thought that extraterrestrial space exploration and exploitation must be undertaken only for the benefit of all nations. Unfortunately, those charged with interpreting these agreements often do so in ways that generally discourage equitable distribution of space resources, and instead promote neo-imperialistic attitudes toward developing and settling space. Given the grand technotopian rhetoric emerging from the space industrialists, such as Jeff Bezos, Richard Branson, and Elon Musk, and from science fiction soap operas like Star Trek—where we are told all humanity will share in the final frontier—it can also be seen as a betrayal of the humanitarian ideals of spaceflight.
Phrenology in Space
Authors: Lempert William 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
“Phrenology in Space: Legacies of Scientific Racism in Classifying Extraterrestrial Intelligence” traces parallels between the foundational assumptions embedded within two seemingly unassociated debates on intelligence: nineteenth century racialized “science” and contemporary SETI science. Although vastly separated by time and space, this chapter argues that like phrenology (the now-discredited practice of measuring skulls to determine mental traits, especially intelligence), current mainstream typologies on extraterrestrial intelligence also apply selective evidence within ethnocentric models. It focuses specifically on Fermi’s Paradox, the Drake Equation, the Great Filter, and the Kardashev Scale. It discusses the ways in which their axiomatic tenets exclude Indigenous and other non-Western ways of knowing, as well as limit broader imaginaries regarding the nature of extraterrestrial intelligent life. It proposes a “civilizational cancer” metaphorical framework to describe development of self-destructive behaviors of unbounded expansionism in a planetary society, providing an alternative approach for resolving Fermi’s Paradox.
Spacefaring for Kinship
Authors: Singh Vandana 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
“Spacefaring for Kinship,” written from the perspective of a science fiction writer, explores the colonialist paradigm that still permeates the so-called New Space Race. The chapter invokes the revolutionary potential of speculative fiction in enabling us to inhabit—for the duration of the story—entirely different realities than our own. While science fiction has, more often than not, reproduced dominant paradigms and power structures, at its best it can also break free of them to make alternatives seem real. Through their examination of the “what-if” question, we can imagine science fictions that posit other, better reasons for space exploration than capitalist resource exploitation and the enrichment of the few at the expense of the many.