bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bone analysis using an aggregation‐induced emission‐active iridium complex
Authors: Zhang Xianpeng , Liu Xinling , Yu Hongwen , Shen Shuang , Zhi Junchao , Gao Zhen , Xin Jingqi , Song Jiaqi , Shao Liang , Meng Caiting , An Feifei , Huo Taotao , Liu Shichang , Zhang Ye , Xu Li , Li Guanying 
Published: July 2023

AbstractFluorescent analysis of bone provides valuable insights into bone structures. However, conventional dyes suffer from low specificity on bone tissue, small stokes shift, short fluorescent lifetime, and aggregation‐caused quenching effect, which result in low efficacy and artifacts. In this work, we design an aggregation‐induced emission (AIE)‐active iridium(III) complex (Ir‐BP2) as a highly selective, convenient, nondestructiveness, and dual‐mode staining agent for bone analysis. Ir‐BP2 containing phosphonate groups selectively binds to hydroxyapatites, the main component of bone matrix, and exhibits turn‐on AIE phosphorescence with prolonged lifetime. Ir‐BP2 exhibits promising biosafety and offers higher accuracy in staining calcium deposits than conventional Alizarin Red S staining assay when it is employed in real‐time monitoring of osteogenesis differentiation process. A ready‐to‐use staining spray of Ir‐BP2 is fabricated. By using fluorescent imaging and lifetime imaging, Ir‐BP2 staining provides valuable insights into bone microstructure analysis, microdamage diagnosis, and bone growth state identification. Further, Ir‐BP2 is successfully applied on a human spine vertebra for diagnosing bone invasiveness of eosinophilic granuloma, validating its clinical practice. This work presents a powerful tool in bone analysis and will lead to new approaches for the diagnosis and treatment of bone‐related diseases.
Pentafluorocyclopropanation of (Hetero)arenes Using Sulfonium Salts: Applications in Late‐Stage Functionalization
Authors: Feng Zeyu , Riemann Lucas , Guo Zichen , Herrero David , Simon Martin , Golz Christopher , Mata Ricardo A. , Alcarazo Manuel 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe evaluation of the pentafluorocyclopropyl group as a chemotype in crop protection and medicinal chemistry has been hampered in the past by the lack of suitable methodologies that enable the practical incorporation of this moiety into advanced synthetic intermediates. Herein, we report the gram‐scale synthesis of an unprecedented sulfonium salt, 5‐(pentafluorocyclopropyl)dibenzothiophenium triflate, and its use as a versatile reagent for the photoinduced C−H pentafluorocyclopropylation of a broad series of non‐previously functionalized (hetero)arenes through a radical mediated mechanism. The scope and potential benefits of the protocol developed are further demonstrated by the late‐stage introduction of the pentafluorocyclopropyl unit into biologically relevant molecules and widely used pharmaceuticals.
Gold(I)‐Catalyzed Bis‐Cyclization of Allenynes for the Synthesis of Strained and Planar Polycyclic Compounds
Authors: Tsuno Hitomi , Shen Jingfeng , Komatsu Hiroki , Arichi Norihito , Inuki Shinsuke , Ohno Hiroaki 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA gold‐catalyzed cascade cyclization of naphthalene‐tethered allenynes gave strained fused phenanthrene derivatives. The reaction proceeds through the nucleophilic reaction of an alkyne with the activated allene to generate a vinyl cation intermediate, followed by arylation with a tethered naphthalene ring to form the 4H‐cyclopenta[def]phenanthrene (CPP) scaffold. When using aryl‐substituted substrates on the alkyne terminus, the gold‐catalyzed reaction produced dibenzofluorene derivatives along with the CPP derivatives. Selective formation of CPP and dibenzofluorene derivatives depending on the reaction conditions is also presented.
Oxidation of 5,15‐Dioxaporphyrin: Its Generality and Novelty as an Oxaporphyrin Analogue
Authors: Hao Jiping , Nishiyama Akihide , Mori Shigeki , Furukawa Ko , Shimizu Soji 
Published: July 2023

Abstract5,15‐Dioxaporphyrin (DOP) is a novel meso‐oxaporphyrin analogue and exhibits unique 20π‐antiaromaticity, unlike its mother congener of 18π‐aromatic 5‐oxaporphyrin, commonly known as its cationic iron complex called verdohem, which is a key intermediate of heme catabolism. To reveal its reactivities and properties as an oxaporphyrin analogue, the oxidation of tetra‐β‐arylated DOP (DOP‐Ar4) was explored in this study. Stepwise oxidation from the 20π‐electron neutral state was achieved, and the corresponding 19π‐electron radical cation and 18π‐electron dication were characterized. Further oxidation of the 18π‐aromatic dication resulted in the formation of a ring‐opened dipyrrindione product by hydrolysis. Considering a similar reaction of verdoheme to ring‐opened biliverdin in the heme degradation in nature, the current result consolidates the ring‐opening reactivity of oxaporphyrinium cation species.
Experimental study of solid circulation rate and pressure distribution characteristics in a cold fluidized bed with an external heat exchanger in an municipal solid waste incinerator
Authors: Wei Bangji , Zheng Lin , Lv Guojun , Meng Xiangfei , Huang Qunxing , Jiang Xuguang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe external heat exchanger (EHE) can solve the problem of the insufficient heating surface due to the large‐scale circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boiler effectively; furnace temperature and bed temperature can be regulated quickly and accurately with the adjustment of the solids circulation rate (SCR). The ash differs from coal‐fired boilers in particle size, density, and other physical parameters, so the circulation and heat transfer characteristics are not identical. The results of SCR and pressure distribution in a cold CFB experimental system with an EHE in which the height of the partition (HP) could be adjusted were analyzed. Experiments studied the effect of fluidized air velocity in the riser (Ug), HP of the EHE, and the pressure of the supply air chamber (PSA) in the EHE on SCR using quartz sand with an average size of 0.239 mm. It was noted that SCR increased with Ug and PSA in the range of 7.01–28.37 g/s with the increase in Ug, and the maximum value of SCR was obtained when PSA was 750 Pa and the HP was 80 mm. The experiments also noted that the increase in SCR significantly affected the pressure distribution in the region of high solids content (EHE and the region above 600 mm in the riser). A reference to the above characteristics of SCR and pressure distribution variations can be considered for operating commercial CFB waste incinerators.
An ‘on–off–on’ fluorescent switch based on a luminous covalent organic framework for the rapid and selective detection of glyphosate
Authors: Fan Jiaxuan , Li Jing , Zhou Wenfeng , Gao Haixiang , Lu Runhua , Guo Hongchao 
Published: July 2023

AbstractGlyphosate, the most used herbicide in the world, has a residue problem that cannot be ignored. However, glyphosate itself does not have fluorescence emission and lacks the conditions for fluorescence detection. In this work, a rapid and selective fluorescence detection method of glyphosate was designed by an ‘on–off–on’ fluorescent switch based on a luminous covalent organic framework (L‐COF). Only the fixed concentration of Fe3+ as an intermediate could trigger the fluorescent switch and no incubation step was required. The proposed method showed good accuracy with a correlation coefficient of 0.9978. The method's limits of detection and quantitation were 0.88 and 2.93 μmol/L, which were lower than the maximum allowable residue limits in some regulations. Environmental water samples and tomatoes were selected as actual samples to verify the application in a complex matrix. A satisfactory mean recovery from 87% to 106% was gained. Furthermore, Fe3+ could induce fluorescence quenching of L‐COF through the photo‐induced electron transfer (PET) effect, while the addition of glyphosate could block the PET effect to achieve detection. These results demonstrated the proposed method had abilities to detect glyphosate and broaden the application of L‐COF.
Optimization of physical microenvironment to maintain the quiescence of human induced pluripotent stem cell‐derived hepatic stellate cells
Authors: Gong Ya , Danoy Mathieu , Kido Taketomo , Mitsuhashi Kento , Choi Hyunjin , Matsugi Tomoaki , Yang Jingjing , Esashika Katsuhiro , Takahashi Jun , Nishikawa Masaki , Ito Taichi , Miyajima Atsushi , Sakai Yasuyuki 
Published: July 2023

AbstractHepatic stellate cells (HSCs) play a crucial role in liver fibrosis by producing excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) following chronic inflammation. However, studying HSC function has been challenging due to the limited availability of primary human quiescent HSCs (qHSCs) in vitro, and the fact that primary qHSCs quickly activate when cultured on plastic plates. Advances in stem cell technology have allowed for the generation of qHSCs from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) with the potential to provide an unlimited source of cells. However, differentiated quiescent‐like HSCs (iqHSCs) also activate spontaneously on conventional plastic plates. In this study, we generated iqHSCs from hiPSCs and developed a culture method to maintain such iqHSCs in a lowly activated state for up to 5 days by optimizing their physical culture microenvironment. We observed that three‐dimensional (3D) culture of iqHSCs in soft type 1 collagen hydrogels significantly inhibited their spontaneous activation in vitro while maintaining their ability to convert to activated state. Activation of iqHSC was successfully modeled by stimulating them with the fibrotic cytokine TGFβ1. Hence, our culture method can be used to generate HSCs with functions comparable to those in a healthy liver, facilitating the development of accurate in vitro liver models for identifying novel therapeutic agents.
A data science practicum to introduce undergraduate students to bioinformatics for research
Authors: Bartlett Bjarne , Stitt‐Bergh Monica , Kantar Michael , Bingham Jon‐Paul 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAn explosion of data available in the life sciences has shifted the discipline toward genomics and quantitative data science research. Institutions of higher learning have been addressing this shift by modifying undergraduate curriculums resulting in an increasing number of bioinformatics courses and research opportunities for undergraduates. The goal of this study was to explore how a newly designed introductory bioinformatics seminar could leverage the combination of in‐class instruction and independent research to build the practical skill sets of undergraduate students beginning their careers in the life sciences. Participants were surveyed to assess learning perceptions toward the dual curriculum. Most students had a neutral or positive interest in these topics before the seminar and reported increased interest after the seminar. Students had increases in confidence level in their bioinformatic proficiency and understanding of ethical principles for data/genomic science. By combining undergraduate research with directed bioinformatics skills, classroom seminars facilitated a connection between student's life sciences knowledge and emerging research tools in computational biology.
Adsorption of Tetracycline and Ciprofloxacin from Aqueous Solution on Raw Date Palm Waste
Authors: Mirizadeh Shabnam , Al Arni Saleh , Elwaheidi Mahmoud , Salih Alsamani A. M. , Converti Attilio , Casazza Alessandro Alberto 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRaw date palm waste was investigated as an adsorbent to remove tetracycline (TC) and ciprofloxacin (CIP) from water. Influence of pH, biosorbent dose, starting antibiotic concentration, contact time, temperature, and concentrations of different salts were examined. The pseudo‐second‐order model provided the best fit to the experimental data, while Langmuir and Dubinin‐Radushkevich isotherms were found to be the most suitable for TC and CIP adsorption at equilibrium, respectively. Thermodynamic parameters indicated that the process is spontaneous and endothermic. These findings suggest that this waste could be a cost‐effective and eco‐friendly adsorbent to remove antibiotics from wastewater.
The protective role of postoperative radiation therapy in low and intermediate grade major salivary gland malignancies: A study of the Canadian Head and Neck Collaborative Research Initiative
Authors: Morand Grégoire B. , Eskander Antoine , Fu Rui , de Almeida John , Goldstein David , Noroozi Hesameddin , Hosni Ali , Seikaly Hadi , Tabet Paul , Pyne Justin M. , Matthews T. Wayne , Dort Joseph , Nakoneshny Steve , Christopoulos Apostolos , Bahig Houda , Johnson‐Obaseki Stephanie , Hua Nadia , Gaudet Marc , Jooya Alborz , Nichols Anthony , Laxague Francisco , Cecchini Matthew , Du Jenny , Shapiro Justin , Karam Irene , Dziegielewski Peter T. , Hanubal Krishna , Erovic Boban , Grasl Stefan , Davies Joel , Monteiro Eric , Gete Maru , Witterick Ian , Sadeghi Nader , Richardson Keith , Shenouda George , Maniakas Anastasios , Landry Vivianne , Gupta Michael , Zhou Kelvin , Mlynarek Alex M. , Pusztaszeri Marc , Sultanem Khalil , Hier Michael P. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe objective of this study was to examine the utility of postoperative radiation for low and intermediate grade cancers of the parotid and submandibular glands.MethodsThe authors conducted a retrospective, Canadian‐led, international, multi‐institutional analysis of a patient cohort with low or intermediate grade salivary gland cancer of the parotid or submandibular gland who were treated from 2010 until 2020 with or without postoperative radiation therapy. A multivariable, marginal Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was performed to quantify the association between locoregional recurrence (LRR) and receipt of postoperative radiation therapy while accounting for patient‐level factors and the clustering of patients by institution.ResultsIn total, 621 patients across 14 tertiary care centers were included in the study; of these, 309 patients (49.8%) received postoperative radiation therapy. Tumor histologies included 182 (29.3%) acinic cell carcinomas, 312 (50.2%) mucoepidermoid carcinomas, and 137 (20.5%) other low or intermediate grade primary salivary gland carcinomas. Kaplan–Meier LRR‐free survival at 10 years was 89.0% (95% confidence interval [CI], 84.9%–93.3%). In multivariable Cox regression analysis, postoperative radiation therapy was independently associated with a lower hazard of LRR (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.29–0.97). The multivariable model estimated that the marginal probability of LRR within 10 years was 15.4% without radiation and 8.8% with radiation. The number needed to treat was 16 patients (95% CI, 14–18 patients). Radiation therapy had no benefit in patients who had early stage, low‐grade salivary gland cancer without evidence of nodal disease and negative margins.ConclusionsPostoperative radiation therapy may reduce LLR in some low and intermediate grade salivary gland cancers with adverse features, but it had no benefit in patients who had early stage, low‐grade salivary gland cancer with negative margins.
Which demographic processes control competitive equilibria? Bayesian calibration of a size‐structured forest population model
Authors: Heiland Lukas , Kunstler Georges , Šebeň Vladimír , Hülsmann Lisa 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn forest communities, light competition is a key process for community assembly. Species' differences in seedling and sapling tolerance to shade cast by overstory trees is thought to determine species composition at late‐successional stages. Most forests are distant from these late‐successional equilibria, impeding a formal evaluation of their potential species composition. To extrapolate competitive equilibria from short‐term data, we therefore introduce the JAB model, a parsimonious dynamic model with interacting size‐structured populations, which focuses on sapling demography including the tolerance to overstory competition. We apply the JAB model to a two‐“species” system from temperate European forests, that is, the shade‐tolerant speciesFagus sylvaticaL. and the group of allothercompeting species. Using Bayesian calibration with prior information from external Slovakian national forest inventory (NFI) data, we fit the JAB model to short time series from the German NFI. We use the posterior estimates of demographic rates to extrapolate thatF. sylvaticawill be the predominant species in 94% of the competitive equilibria, despite only predominating in 24% of the initial states. We further simulate counterfactual equilibria with parameters switched between species to assess the role of different demographic processes for competitive equilibria. These simulations confirm the hypothesis that the higher shade tolerance ofF. sylvaticasaplings is key for its long‐term predominance. Our results highlight the importance of demographic differences in early life stages for tree species assembly in forest communities.
Internal carotid artery blood flow and pulsatility index in cognitively impaired people with chronic heart failure
Authors: Traub Jan , Schließer Mira , Morbach Caroline , Frantz Stefan , Pham Mirko , Störk Stefan , Stoll Guido , Frey Anna , Neugebauer Hermann 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimsMild cognitive impairment and dementia are common and serious co‐morbidities in people with chronic heart failure (HF) as they increase hospitalization rates, mortality and health care costs. Upon other factors, dysregulated cerebral perfusion might contribute to brain pathology. We aimed to evaluate the association of non‐invasively measured blood flow (BF) and pulsatility index (PI) of the internal carotid artery (ICA) with (i) chronic HF parameters, (ii) brain morphologic measures and (iii) cognitive impairment.Methods and resultsThis post‐hoc analysis of the observational, prospective Cognition.Matters‐HF study included 107 chronic HF patients without atrial fibrillation or carotid artery stenosis (aged 63 ± 10 years; 19% women). Using extracranial sonography, we measured ICA‐BF and ICA‐PI 1.5 cm distal of the carotid bifurcation. Brain magnetic resonance imaging was performed on a 3‐Tesla scanner to quantify cerebral atrophy, hippocampal atrophy and white matter hyperintensities. Extensive neuropsychological testing tested the cognitive domains intensity of attention, visual/verbal memory and executive function (including its subdomains selectivity of attention, visual/verbal fluency and working memory) using a comprehensive test battery. (i) Neither ICA‐BF (median 630 (quartiles 570, 700) mL/min) nor ICA‐PI (1.05 (0.96. 1.23)) related to left ventricular ejection fraction, left atrial volume index or NT‐proBNP. (ii) Higher ICA‐PI (r = 0.25; P = 0.011), but not ICA‐BF (r = 0.08; P = 0.409), associated with increased volume of white matter hyperintensities beyond ageing, while neither ICA‐PI nor ICA‐BF related to cerebral or hippocampal atrophy indices. (iii) ICA‐BF, but not ICA‐PI, positively correlated with age‐adjusted T‐scores of executive function (r = 0.38; P < 0.001) and its subdomains working memory (r = 0.32; P < 0.001) and visual/verbal fluency (r = 0.32; P < 0.001). In a multivariate linear model of executive function, only ICA‐BF (T = 3.79; P < 0.001), but not HF or magnetic resonance imaging parameters, remained a significant correlate of executive function.ConclusionsICA‐BF and ICA‐PI, measured in broadly available extracranial sonography, independently related to measures of functional and structural brain changes in people with chronic HF, respectively. Due to limitations of this cross‐sectional approach without a healthy control group, larger controlled longitudinal studies are needed to further elucidate the role of ICA‐BF dysregulation and its implication for clinical care in this vulnerable cohort.
Declining risk of heart failure hospitalization following first acute myocardial infarction in Scotland between 1991–2016
Authors: Docherty Kieran F. , Jackson Alice M. , Macartney Mark , Campbell Ross T. , Petrie Mark C. , Pfeffer Marc A. , McMurray John J.V. , Jhund Pardeep S. 
Published: July 2023

AimMortality from acute myocardial infarction (AMI) has declined, increasing the pool of survivors at risk of later development of heart failure (HF). However, coronary reperfusion limits infarct size and secondary prevention therapies have improved. In light of these competing influences, we examined long‐term trends in the risk of HF hospitalization (HFH) following a first AMI occurring in Scotland over 25 years.Methods and resultsAll patients in Scotland discharged alive after a first AMI between 1991 and 2015 were followed until a first HFH or death until the end of 2016 (minimum follow‐up 1 year, maximum 26 years). A total of 175 672 people with no prior history of HF were discharged alive after a first AMI during the period of study. A total of 21 445 (12.2%) patients had a first HFH during a median follow‐up of 6.7 years. Incidence of HFH (per 1000 person‐years) at 1 year following discharge from a first AMI decreased from 59.3 (95% confidence interval [CI] 54.2–64.7) in 1991 to 31.3 (95% CI 27.3–35.8) in 2015, with consistent trends seen for HF occurring within 5 and 10 years. Accounting for the competing risk of death, the adjusted risk of HFH at 1 year after discharge decreased by 53% (95% CI 45–60%), with similar decreases at 5 and 10 years.ConclusionThe incidence of HFH following AMI in Scotland has decreased since 1991. These trends suggest that better treatment of AMI and secondary prevention are having an impact on the risk of HF at a population level.
An entropy model for Carreau nanofluid ciliary flow with electroosmosis and thermal radiations: A numerical study
Authors: Alharbi Khalid Abdulkhaliq M. , Riaz Arshad , Sikandar Sheraz 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn order to localize heat production and drug activation, it is possible for drug delivery to make use of nanofluids containing thermal radiation. By limiting the amount of medication that is administered to healthy tissues, this approach increases drug distribution. We explore the effect that thermal radiation has on the flow of a ternary‐hybrid nanofluid composed of titanium oxide (TiO2), silica (SiO2), and aluminum oxide (AI2O3). The base liquid that we use for our Carreau constitutive model is blood. Entropy and electroosmosis are both taken into account when the conduit is connected to the battery terminals outside. Following the step of translating the observation model into a wave frame, the physical restrictions of the lubrication theory are used in order to provide a more complete explanation for the wave occurrences. In this work, shooting is used to simulate boundary value issues that are solved with Mathematica NDSolve. The production of the least amount of entropy and a rise in thermodynamic efficiency are achieved by the motion of cilia and elastic electroosmotic pumping. It is also observed that heat transfer is proportional to the length of cilia. Nusselt number is increased by large cilia but skin friction got a reduction.