bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Soil Texture‐Based Parameterisation and Hydrological Insights of a Fully Coupled Surface and Subsurface Model at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, USA
Authors: Norouzi‐Moghanjoghi Karim , Fakhraei Habibollah , Valipour Mahnaz , Driscoll Charles T. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTParameterisation of fully coupled integrated hydrological models is challenging. The state‐of‐the‐art hydrogeology models rely on solutions of coupled surface and subsurface partial differential equations. Calibration of these models with traditional optimisation methods are not yet viable due to the high computational costs. Prior knowledge of the range of the parameters can be helpful as a starting point, however, due to natural variations, abstractions and conceptualizations used in modelling, a systematic exploration of the variable space is needed. In this study, we utilise the natural clustering of the soils based on their saturated and unsaturated hydraulic behaviour derived from soil texture maps in conjunction with two level Latin hypercube sampling to effectively explore model parameter spaces. Soil texture maps are similar to USDA soil classifications; however, the objective is to classify the soil based on their unsaturated behaviour, rather than soil texture. The method has never been utilised in the modelling and the results show that it can be applied to larger watersheds. The area of study is Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, a northern hardwood forest in the White Mountains of New Hampshire, USA. An average Nash–Sutcliffe value of 0.80 is achieved for hourly discharge for the eight streams in the catchment. The Nash–Sutcliffe measure shows a 7% improvement with the addition of the snow melt and evapotranspiration parameters in the second stage. Exchange flux patterns vary seasonally in the catchment with largest infiltration occurring in spring.
Artemisinin inhibits breast cancer‐induced osteolysis by inhibiting osteoclast formation and breast cancer cell proliferation
Authors: Li Jia , Feng Wenyu , Lu Huiping , Wei Yan , Ma Shiting , Wei Linfeng , Liu Qian , Zhao Jinmin , Wei Qingjun , Yao Jun 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIn addition to being used to treat malaria, artemisinin (Art) can be used as an anti‐inflammatory and antitumor agent. In this study, we evaluated the effects of Art on osteoclast formation and activation and on the development of breast cancer cells in bone. To evaluate the effect of Art on osteoclast differentiation in vitro, we treated bone marrow‐derived macrophages (BMMs) with various concentrations of Art and evaluated the expression of genes and proteins involved in osteoclast formation. We also performed cell counting kit‐8 assays to evaluate the toxicity of Art in BMMs and MDA‐MB‐231 cells. We also performed Transwell assays, wound‐healing assays, colony formation assays, and cell apoptosis assays to evaluate the effect of Art in MDA‐MB‐231 cells. We also evaluated the effect of Art in an in vivo osteoclast bone resorption assay using a nude mouse model. We demonstrated that Art inhibits the differentiation and establishment of osteoclasts even though Art is not toxic to osteoclasts. In addition, Art reduced expression of genes involved in osteoclast formation and inhibited osteoclast bone resorption in a concentration‐dependent manner. Based on our data, we believe that Art can inhibit proliferation of breast cancer cells by activating apoptosis pathways, and inhibit osteoclast formation and differentiation by inhibiting activation of cathepsin K, ATPase H+ transporting V0 subunit D2, nuclear factor of activated T cells 1, calcitonin receptor, and tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase and by inhibiting nuclear factor‐κB activation.
Distinct molecular properties and functions of small EV subpopulations isolated from human umbilical cord MSCs using tangential flow filtration combined with size exclusion chromatography
Authors: Liu Wei , Wang Xinyu , Chen Yating , Yuan Jiapei , Zhang Huiyu , Jin Xin , Jiang Yuying , Cao Junjing , Wang Zibin , Yang Shuo , Wang Bingwei , Wu Tinghe , Li Jing 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAs functional derivatives of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) have garnered significant attention and application in regenerative medicine. However, the technical limitations for large‐scale isolation of sEVs and their heterogeneous nature have added complexity to their applications. It remains unclear if the heterogeneous sEVs represent different aspects of MSCs functions. Here, we provide a method for the large‐scale production of sEVs subpopulations derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (HucMSCs), utilizing tangential flow filtration combined with size exclusion chromatography. The resulting subpopulations, S1‐sEVs and S2‐sEVs, exhibited stable variations in size, membrane‐marked proteins, and carrying cargos, thereby displaying distinct functions both in vitro and in animal disease models. S1‐sEVs, that highly expressed CD9, HRS and GPC1, demonstrated a greater immunomodulatory impact, while S2‐sEVs with enriched expression of CD63 and FLOT1/2 possessed enhanced capacities in promoting cell proliferation and angiogenesis. These discrepancies are attributed to the specific proteins and miRNAs they contain. Further investigation revealed that the two distinct sEVs subpopulations corresponded to different biological processes: the ESCRT pathway (S1‐sEVs) and the ESCRT‐independent pathway represented by lipid rafts (S2‐sEVs). Therefore, we propose the potential for large‐scale isolation and purification of sEVs subpopulations from HucMSCs with distinct functions. This approach may provide advantages for targeted therapeutic interventions in various MSC indications.
A simple polydopamine‐based platform for engineering extracellular vesicles with brain‐targeting peptide and imaging probes to improve stroke outcome
Authors: Shi Xiaojing , Zhang Lu , Wu Shengju , Zhang Chunfu , Mamtilahun Muyassar , Li Yongfang , Zhang Zhijun , Zuo Changjing , Cui Fengzhen , Li Wanlu , Yang Guo‐Yuan , Tang Yaohui 
Published: January 2025

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) have shown great potential for treating various diseases. Translating EVs‐based therapy from bench to bedside remains challenging due to inefficient delivery of EVs to the injured area and lack of techniques to visualize the entire targeting process. Here we developed a dopamine surface functionalization platform that facilitates easy and simultaneous conjugation of targeting peptide and multi‐mode imaging probes to the surface of EVs. Utilizing this platform we concurrently modified M2 microglia‐derived EVs (M2‐EVs) with neuronal targeting peptide rabies virus glycoprotein peptide 29 (RVG29) and multi‐modal imaging tracers, resulting in the targeted delivery of M2‐EVs to stroke mice brain and enabled the dynamic visualization of the targeting process from whole‐body to cellular levels. We determined that intra‐arterial injection achieved the highest efficiency of targeted delivery of engineered EVs to the stroke mice brain, improved therapeutic efficacy by reducing neuronal apoptosis. Mechanistically, EVs miRNA array revealed that a number of anti‐apoptosis related miRNAs were significantly up‐regulated, including miR‐221‐3p and miR‐423‐3p, both exerted anti‐apoptotic effects through p38/ERK signalling pathways in stroke. Overall, this platform provides a facile and powerful tool for multifunctional engineering of EVs for multiscale therapeutic evaluation and enhancement of EV‐based therapy, with valuable prospects for clinical translation.
Maximal Degrees in Subgraphs of Kneser Graphs
Authors: Frankl Peter , Kupavskii Andrey 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn this paper, we study the maximum degree in nonempty‐induced subgraphs of the Kneser graph . One of the main results asserts that, for and , whenever a nonempty subgraph has vertices, its maximum degree is at least . This bound is essentially best possible. One of the intermediate steps is to obtain structural results on nonempty subgraphs with small maximum degree.
Shear Wave Elastography in AV Fistula Thrombosis
Authors: Dablan Ali , Özdemir Merve Şam , Karagülle Mehmet , Altun Ömer , Cingöz Mehmet , Arslan Mustafa Fatih 
Published: January 2025

ObjectivesTo evaluate the role of shear wave elastography (SWE) in distinguishing acute from subacute thrombi in thrombosed arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) and explore the relationship between thrombus stiffness and outcomes of balloon angioplasty.Materials and MethodsThis retrospective study included 44 dialysis patients with thrombosed AVFs from June 2022 to June 2024. Patients underwent Doppler ultrasound and SWE to assess thrombus age, followed by balloon angioplasty. Based on ultrasound findings and clinical history, patients were classified into acute and subacute thrombus groups. SWE was used to measure thrombus stiffness (kPa values). Procedural outcomes, including technical and clinical success, and primary and secondary patency, were compared between groups.ResultsThe study included 23 patients with acute and 21 with subacute thrombus. SWE measurements (average, median, and maximum kPa) were significantly higher in subacute thrombi (P < .001). A strong positive correlation existed between thrombus age and kPa values (r = .770, r = .727, r = .835). Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed SWE could effectively distinguish acute from subacute thrombi, with an average cut‐off of 31.733 kPa (sensitivity: 90.5%, specificity: 73.9%). No significant correlation was found between SWE values and procedural outcomes (P > .05).ConclusionSWE is a promising tool for assessing thrombus age in AVF thrombosis, effectively differentiating between acute and subacute thrombi. Although it did not predict procedural success, SWE could complement existing imaging for improved thrombus characterization and treatment planning.
First Palmar Intermetacarpal Flap for Congenital First Web Contracture: A Case Series
Authors: Gonzalez‐Morgado Diego , Sinclair Vivian , Shen Xiao F. , Buendía‐Pérez Javier , Rojas‐Neira Juliana , Soldado Francisco 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundPediatric first web space contractures of the hand can lead to disability in hand function. Several techniques have been proposed for treating this condition. Recently, a new technique involving the first palmar cutaneous flap was described in a cadaveric study. This report aimed to elucidate the clinical outcomes of the first palmar intermetacarpal flap in patients with congenital first web space contractures.Patients and MethodsCase series of patients with moderate‐to‐severe first web contracture underwent surgery with the first palmar intermetacarpal flap. The variables included age, sex, diagnosis, preoperative and postoperative first intermetacarpal angle (IMCA), associated surgical procedures, postoperative complications, and follow‐up time.ResultsTen patients with a median age of 4 years and 8 months (range: 1 year and 5 months–16 years and 6 months) underwent surgery on a total of 12 hands. The median follow‐up was 25 months (range: 12–49 months). IMCA increased in all patients following surgery, from a preoperative median of 20° (range: 0°–20°) to a postoperative median 40° (range: 30°–40°). Associated surgical procedures were performed in eight cases. Five simple complications occurred, including four cases of full‐thickness skin graft pigmentation and one case of distal flap tip dehiscence.ConclusionsThe first palmar intermetacarpal flap is an effective option in the surgical management of moderate‐to‐severe first web contractures.
Technical note: Optimizing the deliverability of binary collimation‐based SRS treatment for multiple metastases with multiple prescriptions
Authors: Lee Eva , Thomas Christopher G. , Syme Alasdair , MacDonald R. Lee 
Published: January 2025

Abstractintra‐arc binary collimation (iABC) is a novel treatment technique in which dynamic conformal arcs are periodically interrupted with binary collimation. It has demonstrated its utility through planning studies for the treatment of multiple metastases. However, the binary collimation approach is idealized in the planning system, while the treatment deliveries must adhere to the physical limitations of the mechanical systems involved [e.g., multi‐leaf collimation (MLC) leaf speed]. This work focuses on optimizing the delivery of the binary collimation‐based stereotactic radiosurgery/radiotherapy (SRS/SRT) plans on a Varian TrueBeam accelerator, considering both dosimetric fidelity and treatment efficiency as variables. A transition window (TW) was defined as the fraction of a control point (CP) during which the requested MLC motion must be completed. The width of TWs was varied between 0% (or step‐and‐shoot which represents the idealized dose distribution), 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100%. A variable TW approach was also studied. Delivery accuracy was quantified with gamma analysis (gamma criteria 5%/2mm) on a PTW Octavius detector. The total beam‐on‐time was manually recorded. Smaller TWs were associated with more accurate dose deliveries and longer treatment delivery times. The variable TW method was found to be an effective compromise, achieving an average gamma pass rate of 98% and an average delivery time of 9 min.
Evaluating Activated Carbon Dopped PVA/Starch Membrane as a Tissue Patch
Authors: Yıldırım Meryem Akkurt , Çelikkaya Neslişah , Denktaş Cenk 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTPolyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and starch (St) are recognized as promising materials for developing artificial tissues. This study doped PVA/St composites with activated carbon (AC) and crosslinked by tannic acid. The effects of carbon concentrations on PVA/St composites were investigated in terms of changes in morphological, thermal, mechanical, swelling, and biological behaviors. The utilization of AC‐doped PVA/St membranes as tissue patches were evaluated. The Young's Modulus [Ey (MPa), %22, 53] and tensile strength [σT(MPa), %28, 28] of AC doped PVA/St membranes were decreased due to the entanglement between the chains and, the brittleness of the composite increased. The FTIR analysis revealed that the hydrogen bond density and thermal stability increased. The hydrophobicity of all samples ranged from 75.35° to 65.52°. The hydrophobicity of the membranes was determined between 75.35° and 65.52°. It was determined that PVA/starch tissue patches with different ratios of AC did not present any toxic effects on the L929 fibroblast cell line. Besides, AC has been found to increase cell viability. The cell adhesion decreased by 1%–7% with the increase amount of AC. The incorporation of AC into PVA/St composites has been found to increase oxidant levels while decreasing antioxidant activity.
Melt Electrowriting for Biomimetic Tissue Engineering: Advances in Scaffold Design, Materials, and Multifunctional Applications
Authors: Yin Yunlei , Yang Hao , Han Wenyuan , Guo Cheng , Mu Qianqian , Yang Hongying , Chen Dongyi 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTMelt electrowriting (MEW) is an emerging 3D printing technology that can precisely fabricate micro‐nano fibrous scaffolds and has significant application prospects in tissue engineering. This paper reviews the latest progress of MEW in tissue engineering scaffold fabrication, including its working principle, key design factors, and various processable biomaterials. The enhancement of scaffold function through filler addition, post‐treatment modification, and combining MEW with other manufacturing technologies are discussed. The application of MEW in bone, cartilage, blood vessel, nerve, and periodontal tissue engineering is analyzed. Finally, the challenges MEW technology faces, such as material limitations, equipment reliability, and process complexity, are highlighted, and future development directions to promote the wide application of MEW in biomedical and other fields are proposed.
Isolation of a Unique Monoterpene Diperoxy Dimer From Ziziphora clinopodioides subsp. bungeana Together With Triterpenes With Antidiabetic Properties
Authors: Malaník Milan , Treml Jakub , Kubínová Renata , Vávrová Gabriela , Oravec Michal , Marek Jaromír , Zhaparkulova Karlygash , Ibragimova Liliya , Bekezhanova Tolkyn , Karaubayeva Aigerim , Sakipova Zuriyadda , Šmejkal Karel 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIntroductionZiziphora clinopodioides subsp. bungeana (Juz.) Rech.f. is used in traditional medicine for various purposes. Previous phytochemical studies focused on phenolic compounds, but triterpenoids were almost overlooked.ObjectiveThe study focused on the isolation of compounds with dual antidiabetic activity from the aerial parts of Z. clinopodioides subsp. bungeana.Materials and MethodsSeparation of CHCl3‐soluble fraction by silica gel column chromatography using different mobile phases and purification of compounds by semi‐preparative HPLC or preparative TLC. The structures of pure compounds were elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR experiments along with HRMS. Compound 1 was additionally identified by the single crystal X‐ray diffraction method. α‐Glucosidase inhibitory assay and GLUT4 expression and translocation in C2C12 myotubes were conducted to evaluate antidiabetic potential of isolated compounds.ResultsThis phytochemical study led to the isolation of 20 compounds, including a unique monoterpene diperoxy dimer (1). Compounds 7 and 9–11 displayed more potent α‐glucosidase inhibitory activity (IC50 45.3–135.3 μM) than acarbose used as a positive control (IC50 264.7 μM), while only pomolic acid (5) increased GLUT4 translocation in C2C12 myotubes in a significant manner.ConclusionExtensive chromatographic separation led to the isolation and identification of a unique monoterpene diperoxy dimer (1) from aerial parts of Z. clinopodioides subsp. bungeana. Some triterpenes inhibited α‐glucosidase, another increased GLUT4 translocation. Although none of the isolated compounds demonstrated dual antidiabetic activity, selected triterpenes proved to be potent antidiabetic agents in vitro.
Anti‐tumoural activity of 3D printed fluorohydroxyapatite–polylactic acid scaffolds combined with graphene oxide and doxorubicin
Authors: Agsous Maissa , Hafit Khireddine , Yala Sabeha , Oktay Busra , Bingöl Ayşe Betül , Şenel İlkay , Üstündağ Cem Bülent 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis study focuses on the synthesis of fluorohydroxyapatite (FHA), and the realization of scaffolds by 3D printing using polylactic acid (PLA) as polymer and graphene oxide (GO). The synthesis of FHA was carried out by the usual sol–gel method. The realization of the 3D scaffold was achieved with the 3D printing method. Four scaffolds were printed with PLA: the first was made with FHA and PLA (FHA/PLA), the second was made with GO in addition to FHA and PLA (FHA/PLA/GO), and the third and fourth ones were the FHA/PLA and FHA/PLA/GO scaffolds coated with electrosprayed hydrogel solution of doxorubicin (DOX) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA): FHA/PLA/DOX/PVA and FHA/PLA/GO/DOX/PVA. The FHA and GO powders were characterized using Fourier transform infrared analysis and X‐ray diffraction analysis. A dissolution study was carried out with different contents of PVA (2.5%, 3% and 4%) to identify the scaffold with the best drug release profile. The 3% w/w PVA hydrogel solution was the best, so the drug release kinetics and drug release mechanism were studied using the most famous mathematical models: zero‐order model, Higuchi's model and Korsmeyer–Peppas model (power law model). The porosity of the 3D printed scaffolds was assessed by SEM and, finally, the cellular response of each scaffold on the viability of CDD human fibroblast cells was evaluated using the 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The sol–gel synthesis produces FHA, used in the realization of the scaffolds. The scaffolds have mixed porosity (macropores and micropores) promoting cell adhesion and proliferation, as shown by the results of the MTT assay. The addition of GO decreases the cell viability but keeps the scaffolds still biocompatible, and adding both DOX and GO to the FHA/PLA scaffolds has a negative impact on cell viability because DOX and GO remain toxic at the given percentages. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.
Chloroplast Vesiculation and Induced Chloroplast Vesiculation and Senescence‐Associated Gene 12 Expression During Tomato Flower Pedicel Abscission
Authors: Žnidarič Magda Tušek , Zagorščak Maja , Ramšak Živa , Stare Katja , Chersicola Marko , Novak Maruša Pompe , Kladnik Aleš , Dermastia Marina 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAbscission is a tightly regulated process in which plants shed unnecessary, infected, damaged, or aging organs, as well as ripe fruits, through predetermined abscission zones in response to developmental, hormonal, and environmental signals. Despite its importance, the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood. This study highlights the deleterious effects of abscission on chloroplast ultrastructure in the cells of the tomato flower pedicel abscission zone, revealing spatiotemporal differential gene expression and key transcriptional networks involved in chloroplast vesiculation during abscission. Significant changes in chloroplast structure and vesicle formation were observed 8 and 14 h after abscission induction, coinciding with the differential expression of vesiculation‐related genes, particularly with upregulation of Senescence‐Associated Gene 12 (SAG12) and Chloroplast Vesiculation (CV). This suggests a possible vesicle transport of chloroplast degrading material for recycling by autophagy‐independent senescence‐associated vacuoles (SAVs) and CV‐containing vesicles (CCVs). Ethylene signaling appears to be involved in the regulation of these processes, as treatment with a competitive inhibitor of ethylene action, 1‐methylcyclopropene, delayed vesiculation, reduced the expression of SAG12, and increased expression of Curvature Thylakoid 1A (CURT1A). In addition, chloroplast vesiculation during abscission was associated with differential expression of photosynthesis‐related genes, particularly those involved in light reactions, underscoring the possible functional impact of the observed structural changes. This work provides new insights into the molecular and ultrastructural mechanisms underlying abscission and offers potential new targets for agricultural or biotechnological applications.
Thermal Treatment Inducing the Building Up of Tailor‐Made Chitosan Films Containing Gallic Acid
Authors: Raspo Matías A. , Gomez Cesar G. , Andreatta Alfonsina E. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe building up of chitosan (CS)/gallic acid (GA) films was performed by casting method, thermally pre‐processing the reaction mixture at several temperatures and process times. This study focused on the thermal treatment impact on the antioxidant activity, mechanical deformation at break, water vapor diffusion, and surface CS film features. It is found that the thermal energy promotes the diffusion of species through CS chains as well as the GA interaction with the polysaccharide, producing films with different structural organizations. Since the crosslinking degree depends on the energy received by the system, heterogeneous materials with a low chain crosslinking and a high free GA content are generated at 40°C, while homogeneous films with covalently crosslinking are mostly generated from 50°C. The free GA availability within segregated CS film regions favors the antioxidant activity, but also the polyphenol interaction with the polysaccharide decreases the crystallinity and elastic modulus, increasing the tensile strength and elongation at break. Since a threshold of 516 kJ energy received regulates the transition from heterogeneous to homogeneous films can be thermally tuned. This discovery represents a controlling synthetic factor critical to the design of materials with unique characteristics such as those required for food packaging.