bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vegetation of Tsenkher soum, Arkhangai province
Authors: Tuvshintogtokh Indree , Manidari Damdindorj , Munkhzul Oyunbileg , Nyambayar Nyamjantsan , Bilguun Tserendavaa 
Published: March 2023

Tsenkher soum of Arkhangai aimag has a total area of 322.3 thousand hectares, of which about 60 percent is pasture. Pastureland degradation is intensifying in the soum due to overpopulation, overgrazing and mining. In the summer of 2021, we made 62 vegetation records. Based on this, the dominant plant criteria were classified. According to our study, 17 plant communities belonging to 4 types and 9 subtypes were distinguished in the soum. Based on this vegetation classification, a 1:200,000 scale vegetation map was made. We found that 3.66% (11746.7 ha) of the total area of the soum is high mountain, 26.62% (91818.2 ha) is forest, 47.58% (142699 ha) is steppe, and 20.14% (64649 ha) is meadow.
Архангай аймгийн Цэнхэр сумын ургамалжил
Хураангуй. Бид 2020 онд явуулсан хээрийн судалгаагаар Монгол Дагуурын уулын ойт хээрийн ургамал-газарзүйн тойрогт Мейерийн өлөн (Carex meyeriana Kunth), Ямаан бургас（Salix caprea L.), Гордеевын бургас (Salix gordejevii Y.L.Chang & Skvortsov), Тахир банга (Crepis lyrata (L.) Froel.), Наймалдай зохимон (Senecio nemorensis L.) гэсэн 5 зүйл ургамлыг шинээр бүртгэв. Архангай аймгийн Цэнхэр сум нь нийт 322.3 мянган га нутаг дэвсгэртэй бөгөөд үүний 60 орчим хувийг бэлчээр бүрдүүлдэг. Монголын үндэсний статистикийн төв хорооны 1970-2020 оны мэдээллээр тус сум нь мал тооллого эхэлсэн 1970 онд 76570, мал хувьд шилжсэн 1990 онд 74570, 2010 онд 107680, 2020 онд 336108 толгой мал тус тус тоолуулж, малын тоо толгой тасралтгүй өссөөр ирсэн. Бэлчээрийн судалгааны суурь нь ургамалжлын судалгаа байдаг тул бид Цэнхэр сумын ургамалжлын судалгаа явуулж, түүний төлөв байдлыг үнэлэх шаардлага байсан. Бид 2021 оны зун ургамалжлын хээрийн судалгаа явуулж, нийт 62 геоботаникийн бичиглэл үйлдэж, 300 орчим ургамлын дээж цуглуулсан. Цуглуулсан материалд боловсруулалт хийж, бүлгэмдлийн зонхилогч ургамал, зүйлийн нийт бүрэлдэхүүн, мезорельефыг шалгуур болгон тус сумын нутагт 4 хэвшинж, 9 дэд хэвшинжид хамаарах 17 бүлэг эвшлийг ялгаж ангиллаа. Энэхүү ангилааг үндэслэн 1:200000 хэмжээст ургамалжлын зургийг зохиов. Тус сумын нийт нутаг дэвгэрийн 3.66% (11746.7 га)-ийг өндөр уулын хэвшинж, 26.62% (91818.2 га)-ийг ойн хэвшинж, 47.58% (142699 га)-ийг хээрийн хэвшинж, 20.14% (64649 га)-ийг нуга, намгийн хэвшинж тус тус бүрдүүлж байна.
Түлхүүр үгс: Цэнхэр сум, ургамалжил, ургамалжлын зураг
Pastureland State and Carrying Capacity in Tsenkher Soum, Arkhangai Province
Authors: Munkhzul Oyunbileg , Tuvshintogtokh Indree , Manidari Damdindorj , Dalaikhuu Usukhjargal , Nyambayar Nyamjantsan , Bilguun Tserendavaa 
Published: March 2023

Pasture ecosystems make up more than 70 percent of Mongolia's land area and about 120 million sheep unit livestock graze here. Due to rapid livestock growth, loss of livestock structure, and overgrazing, half of the total pastureland has deteriorated, with 16% losing some ecosystem services and 12% losing basic ecosystem services.
Tsenkher soum of Arkhangai aimag has a total area of 322.3 thousand hectares, of which 46.2% is agricultural lands. In the summer of 2021, a total of 62 plots were surveyed to assess the condition and carrying capacity of pasture in the soum. We found that the number of livestock in the soum exceeded 2.46 times and the carrying capacity of 1 hectare of pasture exceeded 2-3.5 times. In addition, 75.1% of the summer-autumn pastures and the entire winter[1]spring pastures were overloaded when the seasonal pasture carrying capacity was calculated at the soum level.
Архангай аймгийн Цэнхэр сумын бэлчээрийн төлөв байдал, даац
Хураангуй: Монгол орны нийт газар нутгийн 70 гаруй хувийг бүрдүүлдэг бэлчээрийн экосистемд 120 орчим сая хонин толгой мал бэлчээрлэж байна. Малын тоо толгойн хэт өсөлт, мал сүргийн бүтэц алдагдах, бэлчээрийн даац хэтрэх зэрэг шалтгааны улмаас нийт бэлчээрийн тэн хагас нь ямар нэгэн хэмжээгээр доройтолд өртөж, 16% нь экосистемийн зарим үйлчилгээгээ, 12% нь экосистемийн үндсэн үйлчилгээгээ алдаад байна. Архангай аймгийн Цэнхэр сумын нийт нутаг дэвсгэрийн 46.2%-ийг бүрдүүлдэг бэлчээрт 823629 хонин толгой мал бэлчээрлэдэг. Иймд бид 2021 оны зун тус сумын бэлчээрийн төлөв байдал, даацыг үнэлэх судалгааг хийж гүйцэтгэлээ. Судалгаагаар нийт 62 цэгт геоботаникийн дэлгэрэнгүй бичиглэл хийж, ургамлын биомассын дээж цуглууллаа. Энэхүү судалгаагаар бид тус сумын бэлчээрийн 71.5% нь ямар нэгэн хэмжээгээр доройтсон болохыг илрүүлээ. Мөн сумын малын тоо толгой байвал зохих хэмжээнээс 2.5 дахин, 1 га бэлчээрийн даац 2-3.5 дахин, сумын зун-намрын бэлчээрийн 75.1%, өвөл-хаврын бэлчээр бүхэлдээ даац хэтэрсэн байгааг тус тус тогтоолоо.
Түлхүүр үгс: Цэнхэр сум, бэлчээрийн төлөв байдал, бэлчээрийн даац
Natural regeneration and plant community change of the subtaiga larch forest affected by fire in Eastern Khentei of Mongolia
Authors: Munkhuu Undraa , Chimidnyam Dorjsuren 
Published: March 2023

The research results on the main characteristics of subtaiga larch forest, the regeneration of young trees, and of plant cover change 40 years after the fire in Eastern Khentii are included. Mesophyte herbs subtaiga larch forests were replaced by grass-herbs community with larch-birch stands 40 years after the fire. Due to the combined effects of fires and pests, the succession and regeneration of mesophyte herbs subtaiga larch forests tends to delay.
Түймэрт нэрвэгдсэн Зүүн Хэнтийн тайгархаг шинэсэн ойн ургамлан бүлгэмдлийн өөрчлөгдөл, ойн байгалийн сэргэн ургалт
Хураангуй: Зүүн Хэнтийн тайгархаг шинэсэн ойн түймрийн дараах таксацийн үндсэн үзүүлэлт, өсвөр моддын сэргэн ургалт, ургамал бүрхэвчийн хөдлөлзүйн 40 жилийн дараах судалгааны үр дүнг оруулав. Чийгсүү алаг өвст тайгархаг шинэсэн ой нь түймрээс хойш 40 жилийн дараа үетэн- алаг өвст бүлгэмдэл бүхий шинэс-хусан ой үүсэн бүрэлдэж шинэс модны байгалийн сэргэн ургалт хангалтгүй байна. Түймэр, хөнөөлт шавжийн хамтын нөлөөлөлд өртсөний улмаас чийгсүү алаг өвст тайгархаг шинэсэн ойн ургамал бүлгэмдлийн сукцесс, сэргэн ургалтын явц удаашрах хандлагатай байна.
Түлхүүр үгс: тайгархаг ой, ургамал бүлгэмдлийн өөрчлөлт, ойн сэргэн ургалт, шинэс, хус
La ansiedad precompetitiva y su incidencia en el rendimiento deportivo en los futbolistas.
Authors: Orozco Remache Carlos Roberto , Aldas Arcos Helder Guillermo 
Published: March 2023

La práctica deportiva de alta competencia a veces puede provocar estrés, trastornos de sueño, depresión y otras alteraciones de índole cardiaco y mental. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar la ansiedad precompetitiva en el rendimiento deportivo en futbolistas del equipo de segunda categoría Loja Federal. El diseño de este artículo es de tipo descriptivo, con un enfoque cuantitativo de corte transversal. En el estudio participaron 25 futbolistas con edades entre 16 a 25 años del equipo de segunda categoría Loja Federal. A ellos se les aplicó el test de la Ansiedad de Martens (CSAI-2) para medir los niveles de ansiedad precompetitiva. Los resultados del test aplicado muestran que la ansiedad cognitiva, la ansiedad somática y la autoconfianza tienen una relación inversamente proporcional, ya que el aumento de una provoca la disminución de la otra, y viceversa. Posteriormente se estableció una propuesta de técnicas prácticas de reducción de ansiedad.
Urbanización y cobertura vegetal en la Zona Metropolitana de Cuernavaca
Authors: Sánchez Ramos Cristy Monserratt , Martínez Granados José Guadalupe 
Published: March 2023

Hay una mayoría de personas que viven en ciudades a escala mundial y nacional porque la urbanización se ha visto como un sello distintivo del desarrollo de estas áreas. Es así, que el crecimiento del territorio urbano conocido como expansión urbana se ha podido ver a través de cambios morfológicos. Tal fenómeno se produce cuando el entorno de las ciudades consolidadas se integra paulatinamente a la dinámica de la ciudad y ello ha implicado una serie de efectos sobre los hábitats naturales. Por lo que, este trabajo tuvo como objetivo identificar el crecimiento urbano y sus efectos en el cambio de la cobertura de los suelos vegetales en dos temporalidades. El análisis fue con un enfoque cuantitativo y se desarrolló en la Zona Metropolitana de Cuernavaca (ZMC). Como resultados, se identificaron los cambios territoriales que se han dado en las áreas urbanas y en la vegetación primaria.
Traditions and innovations: two poles of education of the future
Authors: Korneiko Yuliia , Tarangul Liubov , Dovzhuk Viktoria , Zhukova Halyna , Bulhakova Tetiana 
Published: March 2023

In this article one made a review of the literature based on the relationship between traditions and innovations in the pedagogical process over the last decade. In the article one summarized domestic and foreign scientists opinions on the topic of combining traditional and innovative forms and methods, their relationship and complementarity; the importance of traditions for the implementation of innovative models of education is considered; it is emphasized that the pedagogical tradition contains many elements, performs various functions and is reflected in a significant number of pedagogical technologies and methods, forms and means.
Based on a full-text analysis of about 16 articles published in well-known databases and scientific journals, the study revealed the support of the vast majority of researchers concerning innovative educational methods. All the cited scientists have the idea that the introduction of innovations renews and strengthens the educational process. They focus readers' attention on the interaction of traditional and innovative teaching methods, since according to the waste majority of scientists, without preserving pedagogical traditions, the modernization of educational systems is unlikely to bring significant positive results.
At the same time, in the entire collection of researched articles, there are several authors who consider traditional education to be more effective than innovative education.
According to the scientist’s opinion, these two phenomena are not only interconnected and mutually determined, but also do not exist as separate phenomena. In other words, the tradition is an integral part of innovation, and pedagogical innovation always includes traditionally oriented elements.
A Study on Fiber Optic Temperature Sensor Using Al2O3 as High Index Overlay for Solar Cell Applications
Authors: Narasimman Subramaniyam , Narayanan Balakrishnan Lakshmi , Chandrasekhar Arunkumar , C. Alex Zachariah 
Published: March 2023

Recently, the performance of solar cell is impacted by rising panel temperatures. For solar cells to work at their best and have the longest possible useful life, the temperature of the panels must be kept at an ideal level. Current temperature sensors have a slow response time, poor accuracy, and low resolution. Meanwhile, Al2O3 and its derivatives have demonstrated a noteworthy role in temperature sensing applications due to its greater surface area, ease of synthesis, tailored optical characteristics, high melting point, and high thermal expansion coefficient. Al2O3-based nanoparticles have been employed in fiber optic-based temperature sensors as a sensing layer, a sensitivity improvement material, and a sensing matrix material. In this chapter, we discuss the function of Al2O3-based nanomaterials in evanescent wave-based temperature sensors, sensing characteristics such as sensitivity, linearity, and repeatability. The ZAZ-based sensor (Section 3.1) shows an operating temperature range between 100.9°C and 1111.0°C, the temperature sensitivity becomes 1.8 × 10−5/°C. The fabricated sensor had a linearity of 99.79%. The synthesized Al2O3 nanoparticles (Section 3.2) were given better linearity and high sensitivity (~27) at 697 nm compared with other sensing materials such as ZnO, SnO2, TiO2. The Al2O3-MgO (50–50%) (Section 3.3) demonstrated an ultrahigh sensitivity of 0.62%/°C with a better linear regression coefficient of 95%. The present advances and problems are also discussed in detail.
Teacher Power and Gender in Libyan Language Teacher Education
Authors: Elmabruk Reda , Etarhuni Nesrin 
Published: March 2023

Teacher power (TP) is a function of teacher knowledge that makes teachers far superior over their students. How TP is ﻿exerted in language classrooms ﻿can influence students’ ﻿emotional well-being and can hinder active participation. This case study employs a discursive approach﻿- rather than a perceptive one﻿- to explore how Libyan EFL teacher educators exercise power and whether such power is influenced by gender. Teachers’ discourse is recorded and analysed quantitatively and qualitatively to determine the extent to which male and female teachers utilise pro-social or anti-social power ﻿how student–teachers respond to and perceive TP is also investigated. Six teacher educators (three males and three females) were observed over 18 lectures (22 hours) involving 47 students. Personal interviews were conducted with the educators, besides holding ﻿focus groups. The findings reveal convergent patterns of power with unique gender variances in TP ratios (anti-social: pro-social). Male power ratio (2.3:1) was much greater than the females’ (1.5:1) who displayed ﻿command power, zero criticism, and zero coercion; ﻿﻿Female power was distinguished by ﻿politeness﻿, ﻿compliment ﻿﻿and “command softening” ﻿whereas the students tolerated command, interruption, and questioning﻿,﻿ unwarranted coercion and unconstructive criticism were met with silent ﻿﻿protest. Balancing power ﻿was deemed ﻿﻿crucial to foster affective ﻿stress-free learning﻿.
Cyber Security System Based on Machine Learning Using Logistic Decision Support Vector
Authors: M Sahaya Sheela , D Hemanand , Vallem Ranadheer Reddy 
Published: March 2023

Nowadays, we are moving towards cybersecurity against digital attacks to protect systems, networks, and data in developing areas. A collection of technologies and processes is at the core of cybersecurity. A network security system is a feature of network and computer (host) security. Cybercrime leads to billion-dollar losses. Given these crimes, the security of computer systems has become essential to reduce and avoid the impact of cybercrime. We propose the Logistics Decision Support Vector (LDSV) algorithm dealing with this problem. Initially, we collected the KDD Cup 99 dataset to create a network intrusion detection, such as penetrations or attacks, a prognosis model that varies between the "Non Malicious" and "Malicious" standard links. These method finds the cyber-attack category based on the behavior features. In the second step, data preprocessing should be cleaned from errors, and raw data should be converted into a prepared dataset. The third step is Feature Selection (FS) techniques often improve the feature selection process in an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) that is more convenient for using the mean of the Chi-square test (MAC) method. Finally, a classification is done to classify and detect the network intrusion detection based on LDSV for Cyber security. The proposed LDSV simulation is based on the Precision F-Measure, Recall, and Accuracy for the best result.
Anniversary meeting
Authors: - - 
Published: March 2023

At the Anniversary meeting the Annual Report was delivered, covering topics such as Fellowship, Meetings, Excavations and publications. Preparations were also made for the Society’s bicentenary and a Loyal Address was presented to the Queen for her silver jubilee. The Treasurer then presented the report on the Society’s accounts. An amendment to the Society’s Laws that was proposed at the previous Anniversary meeting was discussed and approved. The Council for the following session was then elected and a list of Fellows who died or resigned during 1976-1977 was read.At the Anniversary meeting the Annual Report was delivered, covering topics such as Fellowship, Meetings, Excavations and publications. Preparations were also made for the Society’s bicentenary and a Loyal Address was presented to the Queen for her silver jubilee. The Treasurer then presented the report on the Society’s accounts. An amendment to the Society’s Laws that was proposed at the previous Anniversary meeting was discussed and approved. The Council for the following session was then elected and a list of Fellows who died or resigned during 1976-1977 was read.
Notes for the guidance of contributors are appended.
Later prehistoric pottery from Dun Cul Bhuirg, Iona, Argyll
Authors: Topping Patrick G 
Published: March 2023

In 1980 DrsJN G Ritchie and A M Lane published an account of the excavation and a description of the finds recovered from the small fort of Dun Cul Bhuirg, lona. Much of the pottery from the site was thought to be lost, which hampered their interpretation of the extant sherds and the relationship of the fort and associated hut sites to others in the Western Isles. Several hundred of the lost pottery sherds have now been recovered and are described here, together with a discussion of some of the more general problems relating to the later prehistoric pottery sequence in the Islands.
Investigation of plough-truncated features at Southwest Fullarton Farm, Meigle, Perthshire
Authors: Strong Peter 
Published: March 2023

Excavations of cropmark features in the vicinity of the medieval site of Fullerton Castle revealed a series of shallow ditches, one of which contained a potsherd of Flavian origin in its primary filling. This and other finds suggest that this site has been utilized since at least the Roman period, through the improvements of the 18th century, to the present day.
A lost Pictish treasure (and two Viking-age gold arm-rings) from the Broch of Burgar, Orkney
Authors: Graham-Campbell James 
Published: March 2023

This paper presents the first full discussion of the provenance, composition and affinities of the remarkable hoard of silver vessels and ornaments and amber which was found in 1840 and since lost. The Viking-age gold arm-rings and burials from elsewhere on the same site are also discussed.
The Blackadder Aisle at Glasgow Cathedral: a reconsideration of the architectural evidence for its date
Authors: Fawcett Richard 
Published: March 2023

It is argued from analysis of the mouldings and other features that the Blackadder Aisle was built in two stages, separated by at least two centuries. The shell of the lower storey may be the work of the same mason who built the choir in the mid 13th century, while Archbishop Blackadder (1483-1508) merely covered the incomplete shell with its vault, albeit sympathetically blended in.
Durrisdeer Church
Authors: MacKechnie Aonghus 
Published: March 2023

Because it has lost its original roof-form, Durisdeer Church has not been recognized as a major monument in its own right. This paper presents two complementary primary sources, a sketch by John Clerk of Eldin and an 18th-century description showing its original form: the building history is investigated and stylistic and circumstantial evidence is combined to suggest that not only the Queensberry Aisle, but also the main building is by James Smith of Whitehill.
The chapel and enclosure on the Brough of Deerness, Orkney: survey and excavations, 1975-1977
Authors: Morris Christopher D , Emery Norman , Batey Colleen E , Bettess Fred , Bramwell Donald , Donaldson Alison , Edwards Lloyd J , Hillson Simon , Lunt Dorothy A , McDonnell Gerry , Rackham D James , Reed David , Robinson Paul H , Steedman Kenneth , Stenhouse Michael , Stevenson Robert B K , Wheeler Alwyn , Williams David F , Young Robert , McBarron Keith , Dickson John , Jeffrey David , Moberg Gunnie , Morris Christopher , Radford J D H 
Published: March 2023

Excavations took place at this site in 1975-6, followed by a survey in 1977, at the invitation of the Inspectorate
of Ancient Monuments, as clearance of turf and rubble had previously revealed a hoard of post-medieval coins. Further coins were found, which relate to the period after usage of the chapel had ceased: the group is interpreted in votive terms and related to accounts of pilgrimage to the site. The unicameral chapel itself had
both a timber and a stone phase. The timber chapel probably had a stone 'cladding' and additions to the stone chapel at one stage included at least one stone bench. Little dating evidence was forthcoming, but a 10th-century coin was found in an intermediate stage between the two phases. The area around the chapel was enclosed, in the later phase, by a rectangular low stone wall, and in the earlier by a series of gullies and a
possible timber fence. Few burials were found: two infant graves from the timber phase, one adult, one child and two infants from the stone phase. This raises questions about the status of the site, sometimes seen as an early Christian monastery. The survey revealed more buildings than recognized before, and a
regularity of layout, which may be of more than one phase. Interpretation as a Norse monastery is referred to, and the possibility is raised that the buildings may be secular, surrounding a chapel dating from the Norse period, rather than earlier.
Marriage, Children, and Sex-Based Differences in Physician Hours and Income
Authors: Skinner Lucy , Yates Max , Auerbach David I. , Buerhaus Peter I. , Staiger Douglas O. 
Published: March 2023

ImportanceA better understanding of the association between family structure and sex gaps in physician earnings and hours worked over the life cycle is needed to advance policies addressing persistent sex disparities.ObjectiveTo investigate differences in earnings and hours worked for male and female physicians at various ages and family status.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis retrospective, cross-sectional study used data on physicians aged 25 to 64 years responding to the American Community Survey between 2005 and 2019.ExposuresEarned income and work hours.Main Outcomes and MeasuresOutcomes included annual earned income, usual hours worked per week, and earnings per hour worked. Gaps in earnings and hours by sex were calculated by family status and physician age and, in some analyses, adjusted for demographic characteristics and year of survey. Data analyses were conducted between 2019 and 2022.ResultsThe sample included 95 435 physicians (35.8% female, 64.2% male, 19.8% Asian, 4.8% Black, 5.9% Hispanic, 67.3% White, and 2.2% other race or ethnicity) with a mean (SD) age of 44.4 (10.4) years. Relative to male physicians, female physicians were more likely to be single (18.8% vs 11.2%) and less likely to have children (53.3% vs 58.2%). Male-female earnings gaps grew with age and, when accumulated from age 25 to 64 years, were approximately $1.6 million for single physicians, $2.5 million for married physicians without children, and $3.1 million for physicians with children. Gaps in earnings per hour did not vary by family structure, with male physicians earning between 21.4% and 23.9% more per hour than female physicians. The male-female gap in hours worked was 0.6% for single physicians, 7.0% for married physicians without children, and 17.5% for physicians with children.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cross-sectional study of US physicians, marriage and children were associated with a greater earnings penalty for female physicians, primarily due to fewer hours worked relative to men. Addressing the barriers that lead to women working fewer hours could contribute to a reduction in the male-female earnings gap while helping to expand the effective physician workforce.