bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SYSTEMS AGING AND REJUVENATION
Authors: Gladyshev Vadim 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
What is aging? When does it begin? How to control lifespan? Can we rejuvenate organisms in addition to slowing down the aging process? There is no consensus on these questions, but recent developments in the field may allow to address these questions. In particular, DNA methylation of defined sets of CpG dinucleotides emerged as a critical and precise biomarker of the aging process. Multi-variate machine learning models, known as epigenetic clocks, exploit quantitative changes in the methylome to predict the age of bulk tissue with remarkable accuracy. Additionally, the first epigenetic aging clock that works at the level of single cells has been developed. Together with advances in genomics, transcriptomic longevity signatures and intervention strategies, these tools support quantification and manipulation of the aging process. Moreover, these tools may also be used to assess the possibility of age reversal. Several types of rejuvenation have been described, including the recently discovered process of early embryonic rejuvenation, culminating in ground zero, marking the beginning of organismal aging.
INVESTIGATING PHYSICAL EXERCISE-RELATED MEDIATING VARIABLES IN THE RDAD-NW TRANSLATIONAL STUDY
Authors: Li Jingyi , Cochrane Barbara 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Declining physical function significantly worsens quality of life in dementia care dyads. Caring for people living with dementia (PLWD) at home is both physically demanding and emotionally stressful. Physical exercise is strongly recommended as a way of sustaining or improving overall function in dementia care dyads. However, little is known regarding the impact of home-based dyadic exercise interventions. We present results from a secondary analysis of data from a multicomponent translational study, Reducing Disability in Alzheimer's Disease – North West (RDAD-NW). We report results from an examination of the mediating role of exercise on the trajectory of change in physical function over time for both PLWD and their care partners.
CARE COORDINATION, HEALTH OUTCOMES, AND HEALTHCARE UTILIZATION AMONG ADULTS WITH MULTIMORBIDITY
Authors: Mezuk Briana , Qin Weidi , Dang Linh , Sneed Rodlescia 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Care coordination is a vehicle for improving patient-provider and provider-provider communication to improve outcomes and reduce unnecessary healthcare utilization, particularly for adults with multimorbidity. However, the clinical effectiveness of coordination at the population level remains unknown. This study examined the association between experiences of care coordination with subsequent health and healthcare outcomes among US adults over age 50. The analytic sample (n=695) included respondents from the Health and Retirement Study who had at least two chronic conditions, completed an Experimental Module on Coordinated Care in 2016, and were re-interviewed in 2018. Three domains of care coordination were examined as predictors: perceptions of coordination; using tangible supports (e.g., seeing a care coordinator); and using technical supports (e.g., patient portal). A range of outcomes related to health (i.e., self-rated health, functioning, pain) and healthcare (i.e., medication adherence, visits, hospitalizations, care satisfaction) were assessed in 2018. Weighted linear and logistic regression models, adjusted for demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, were fit for each lagged outcome. Higher engagement with tangible supports was positively associated with subsequent hospitalization (OR: 1.08, 95%CI: 1.01-1.15), greater pain (OR: 1.11 , 95%CI: 1.03-1.20), and marginally worse self-rated health (B=-0.02, p&lt; 0.063). Better perceptions of coordination were also positively associated with care satisfaction (B=0.03, p&lt; 0.020). Care coordination was not associated with functioning, adherence, or number of medical visits. Findings indicate the salience of tangible support for coordination among older adults with multi-morbidity, and that positive perceptions of coordination contribute to healthcare satisfaction.
PATIENT AND CAREGIVER PERCEPTIONS OF MOBILITY AFTER DISCHARGE FROM SKILLED NURSING FACILITIES TO HOME
Authors: Bankole Ayomide , Preisser John , Zang Ying , Toles Mark 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Functional outcomes of older adults in post-acute care is poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to describe skilled nursing facility (SNF) patient or caregiver perceptions of patient mobility and factors associated with patient mobility in 30 days after discharge from SNF to home. We conducted a secondary analysis of data from a stepped-wedge cluster randomized trial of the Connect-Home intervention set in 6 SNFs in North-Carolina. The sample included SNF patients (N=249) and their caregivers (N=249). In 30 days after discharge, SNF patients or their caregivers (as proxies) rated patient mobility using the Life-Space Assessment (LSA). LSA total-scores (range= 0-120), with higher scores indicating greater mobility. Linear mixed models, with random effects to adjust for clustering in SNFs, were used to describe associations between LSA total-score and patient, caregiver, and health-system factors. Participants were typically female (63%), White (74%), and average age of 76.3 years. In 30 days after discharge, LSA total-scores ranged from 0-90 with a mean score of 22 (SD=16.01). Most (85%) required caregiver and/or assistive devices to transfer inside and outside of their homes. In the mixed models, lower LSA scores were associated with older age [-0.232(0.108), p&lt; 0.05], lower cognition score [1.182(0.384), p&lt; 0.005], diagnosis of dementia [-6.863(3.057), p&lt; 0.05], lower baseline mobility in the SNF [0.296(0.142), p&lt; 0.05] and longer SNF stay [-0.200(0.068), p&lt; 0.005]. Low LSA scores in this sample suggest the need for caregiver support to continue rehabilitation and promote functional ability at home. Studies are needed to augment transitional care and address these care needs.
USING RESEARCH TO ADVANCE THE DEMENTIA-FRIENDLY COMMUNITY MOVEMENT AT THE LOCAL, NATIONAL, AND INTERNATIONAL LEVEL
Authors: Scher Clara , Greenfield Emily , Gaugler Joseph 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
It is estimated that more than 55 million people worldwide are living with dementia. To address the social and health needs of individuals living with dementia and their care partners, researchers, policymakers and advocates have championed dementia-friendly communities (DFCs) as a population-level response. DFCs promote the well-being of those living with dementia, empower all members of the community to celebrate the capabilities of persons with dementia, and encourage individuals living with dementia to engage in their communities. The objective of this symposium is to describe the ways in which research can help to advance the dementia-friendly movement at the local, national, and international levels. First, Scher & Greenfield will describe the dimensions of implementation of DFCs in Massachusetts with implications for program monitoring and process evaluation. Second, Epps & colleagues will discuss the process of developing a person-centered tool to evaluate the impact of dementia-friendly programs in faith-based communities. Third, Somerville & colleagues will present findings from a study of community and organizational factors related to dementia-friendly readiness in community-based senior centers. Finally, Sun & colleagues will discuss the barriers and facilitators to implementation of DFCs in the USA during the COVID-19 pandemic. Taken together, these studies demonstrate the utility of quantitative and qualitative research methodologies to elucidate how and to what extent DFCs are implemented. Findings have implications for examining the population health impact of DFC efforts, as well as for attending to issues of health disparities and aging equity in the uptake, implementation, and sustainability of DFC initiatives.
EARLY DETECTION AND MANAGEMENT OF FRAILTY IN PRIMARY CARE: VALIDATION OF THE EFI-CGA WITH ELECTRONIC HEALTH RECORDS
Authors: Song Xiaowei , Park Grace , Clarke Barry , Rockwood Kenneth 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background
Frailty is common in older adults and associated with many adverse outcomes. To promote early detection and management of frailty outside specialized geriatric services, we developed an electronic Frailty Index based on a Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (eFI-CGA) in electronic health records. Here, we compare the eFI-CGA assessments between family physicians (FP) and geriatricians (GM).

Methods
Data from community-dwelling older adults were collected as part of the collaborative effort between Fraser Health and Nova Scotia Health to validate the eFI-CGA. The eFI-CGA was created following a standard procedure based on understanding deficit accumulation. A FP and a GM assessed each patient independently. Characteristics of the eFI-CGA were examined for each physician group using descriptive statistics and correlation analysis. FP-GM inter-rater reliability was tested using Cohen’s Kappa.

Results
The first 30 cases were aged 80.8±5.2 years; 7% were women; with 12.9±2.8 years of education; 17% lived alone. Mild cognitive impairment or dementia was present in 20% participants. The mean clinical frailty scale (CFS) was 3 and the mean eFI-CGA was 0.20 by both FP and GM ratings. The CFS and eFI-CGA were closely correlated (r=0.76 for FP and r=0.71 for GM, p&lt;.001). The eFI-CGA also showed an age correlation (r values &gt;0.37, p values &lt;.050). The average intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.79 for CFS and 0.90 for eFI-CGA (each p&lt;.001).

Conclusion
Frailty data collected in primary care are highly comparable with geriatrician assessments. Ongoing work will test the generalizability of these findings using a larger sample with follow-up and outcomes evaluations.
EXPERIENCES OF INNER STRENGTH AT THE TIME OF MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT DIAGNOSIS
Authors: Morgan Brianna , Massimo Lauren , Ravitch Sharon , Karlawish Jason , Hodgson Nancy 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Inner strength is a person’s internal process of moving through challenging circumstances, such as receiving a diagnosis of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). This study describes experiences of inner strength using qualitative methodologies to identify themes within semi-structured dyadic and individual interviews with persons diagnosed with MCI within 12 months at a Memory Center and their care partners. We analyzed data in NVivo using reflexive thematic analysis methods. Trustworthiness was maintained through vetted interview guides, verbatim transcription, field notes, peer group analysis, and audit trails. One overarching theme and three subthemes explained inner strength. An overarching theme, Finding Ways to Live with It, described how participants live within the circumstances of MCI. Three subthemes were Defining Strength by Recalling the Past, Seeking Relief and Dwelling in It, and Finding Purpose & Meaning. Implications include supporting inner strength at the time of MCI diagnosis through reminiscence therapy and meaning making interventions.
OUTDOOR ENVIRONMENTAL RISK FACTORS FOR FALLS AND FEAR OF FALLING: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Dunlap Pamela , Hubbard Zachary , Fan Erica , Strotmeyer Elsa , Rosso Andrea 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
The purpose of this systematic review was to identify outdoor environmental risk factors associated with falls and/or fear of falling among older adults. PubMed, EMBASE, and CINAHL were searched through February 19, 2021. Studies were included if they measured outdoor environment, falls or fear of falling as an outcome, and included adults aged ≥ 45 years. Excluded studies were not published in English and/or did not include original results. Two study-team members completed abstract screening. For full text reviews, a third reviewer resolved conflicts. A total of 5,727 abstracts were screened and 462 full texts were reviewed. After full-text review, approximately 25 studies will be assessed for risk of bias and data extracted by two independent reviewers. Based on the initial review, uneven outdoor surfaces, busy traffic areas, and neighborhood disorder were associated with falls/fear of falling among older adults. Modifiable outdoor environmental factors may be targets for fall prevention.
WHAT PANDEMIC RECOVERY WILL LOOK LIKE FOR OLDER, MULTICULTURAL WORKERS
Authors: Burton Cassandra , Bridges Katherine , Cozad Aisha 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
It is no surprise to many that the impact of Covid-19 on older adults, particularly LGBTQ and people of color has been detrimental, not just physically, but mentally, socially, and economically. Many African American/Black adults have suffered disproportionately during the pandemic. In terms of Social Security more than nine in 10 (93%) older Black Americans report that having adequate Social Security benefits is important, but for the many who were forced to retire early due to the pandemic, they will be at a disadvantage. LGBTQ older adults experience persistent discrimination due to sexual orientation or gender identity. When the LGBTQ individual was African American/Black, experiences of discrimination were higher and often occurred in the workplace. These forms of discrimination are directly impacts ones earning potential both during active work years and in retirement savings. AARP has a long history of being an advocate for marginalized and vulnerable adults. AARP staff will discuss policy needs and what the post pandemic workplaces needs to ensure that older LGBTQ people can thrive in the workplace with dignity and respect. The 2021 AARP’s Vital Voices research will be used to showcase the economic impact the pandemic has had on older adults, African American communities, Hispanic/Latino communities, Asian Pacific Islander communities and LGBTQ communities. AARP staff will discuss strategies and tactics needed to ensure that opportunities for economic recovery for older adults. The survey gathers information to gauge opinions on a range of topics as well as breaking and current issues.
DIRECTIONS UNCLEAR: DEMYSTIFYING AGING AND FINDING OUR FUTURE GERONTOLOGISTS
Authors: Guest Aaron 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
When did you first learn about gerontology? Becoming a gerontologist is rarely at the top of any student’s potential career list. How many of us only found the prospect of a gerontological career in graduate school – or after entering the workforce. We often hear that too few students show interest in jobs working with older persons. In turn, dedicated homes for gerontological degrees are threatened with closure and consolidation. Rather than students being uninterested, I believe the perceived ambiguity of careers and lack of exposure to aging content prevent many from seeking out these careers. In this lecture, I will share my own experience in navigating the ambiguity of a career in aging and how I now use it as a strength to recruit students. I aim to emphasize the unique role of gerontological education and the transdisciplinary approaches and interprofessional strengths that it provides for our aging society.
CHRONIC CONDITIONS DURING THE COVID PANDEMIC: MORTALITY PATTERNS IN THE UNITED STATES
Authors: Kravchenko Julia , Hoque Masudul , Akushevich Igor 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Patients with chronic diseases, especially the older adults, are at increased risk of death during the COVID pandemic. We analyzed monthly patterns of mortality rates for patients with diabetes, arterial hypertension, cerebrovascular disease, heart failure, and kidney disease using the provisional Multiple Cause of Death data (2018-2022), for age-, gender, and race/ethnicity-specific population groups. Since population is available at annual basis, we used interpolation of population at risk to have the estimates of population at monthly basis. For all studied diseases, there were substantial increases in mortality among patients that peaked in late-Spring 2020 and Winter 2020/2021. Increases of COVID-related deaths were greater in older (aged 65+) than in younger (55-64) patients. For majority of diseases, Black patients predominantly had their maximum/peaks of COVID-related mortality in late-Spring 2020, while White, American Indian, and Hispanic patients had their max in Winter 2020/2021, and Asian patients had both peaks. Additionally to increased COVID-related deaths, higher mortality rates were also observed among patients with above diseases who did not have COVID in their death records. These increases were more pronounced in younger (55-64) than in older (65+) age groups, and they varied by the studied disease. Increased mortality not directly related to COVID could be due to the relocations of medical resources, lower access to medical care (e.g., limited use of telemedicine), non-COVID related complications caused by the earlier COVID infection, undiagnosed and/or unregistered COVID cases in patients with chronic disease, or other causes. Disease-specific differences in mortality patterns were analyzed and discussed.
DELIRIUM SUPERIMPOSED ON DEMENTIA IN POST-ACUTE CARE: NURSE DOCUMENTATION OF SYMPTOMS AND INTERVENTIONS
Authors: Sillner Andrea , Berish Diane , Mailhot Tanya , Sweeder Logan , Fick Donna , Kolanowski Ann 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Delirium is common in older adults and across settings of care, including post-acute care (PAC). Nurses have an important role in identifying, preventing and managing delirium. Even though best practice guidelines highlight the need to accurately document delirium and to deliver non-pharmacological, nurse-driven interventions, it is unclear how this is done in PAC. The aim of this research was two-fold: 1) to describe how nurses document DSD symptoms in PAC nursing notes and 2) to determine if appropriate non-pharmacological nursing interventions are included in their documentation when DSD is present. The sample (N=281) was drawn from a large, single-blinded randomized controlled trial (Recreational Stimulation For Elders As A Vehicle To Resolve DSD (Reserve-DSD) across 8 facilities. Participants tended to be white, female, and had a high-school education. A total of 115 participants (40.6%) had full delirium per the CAM upon admission to PAC, while the remainder 168 (59.4%) had subsyndromal delirium. All had a baseline of dementia. Symptoms of ‘Confusion or Acute Confusion’ were reported for more than 50% of patients. Approximately 90% of had the symptom ‘Confusion or Acute Confusion’ documented and this was also the most commonly documented symptom for which a nursing-driven intervention was provided. Overall delirium symptoms and interventions were poorly documented by nurses. Implications for future research and practice include understanding how the pandemic and subsequent resource deprivations impacted delirium documentation and intervention in this setting. Also there is a need for expanded nurse and other healthcare provider education.
CHILDHOOD SEXUAL TRAUMA, SUBSTANCE USE, AND ART ADHERENCE AMONG OLDER ADULTS LIVING WITH HIV
Authors: Brown Monique 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Childhood sexual abuse (CSA) is associated with lower ART adherence among people living with HIV and is linked to substance use (SU) in adulthood. However, studies examining the mediating role of SU in the association between CSA and ART adherence are lacking. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine SU as a mediator in the association between CSA and ART adherence among older adults living with HIV (OALH). Data were obtained from 91 OALH. Adjusted path models were used to determine the mediating role of SU. After controlling for sociodemographic characteristics and depression, CSA had a direct association with ART adherence (β=-3.20; p&lt;0.001) and with SU (β=-2.46; p=0.023). The association between SU and ART adherence was not statistically significant (β=0.071; p=0.444). Therefore, the indirect effect between CSA, SU, and ART adherence was not statistically significant (β=0.175; p=0.468). Future research should examine alternative pathways between CSA and ART adherence.
SUPPORT NEEDS AND RESOURCES OF OLDER WOMAN LIVING WITH HIV
Authors: Manalel Jasmine , Kaufman Jennifer , Brennan-Ing Mark 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
People living with HIV are at increased risk for social isolation and sparse support networks, making it difficult to navigate complex caregiving needs as they age. This study aimed to identify the support needs and resources of older women living with HIV, an understudied population in this field, and their association with well-being. Participants included 217 heterosexual women aged 50 to 77 (Mage=59) from the ROAH 2.0 Study. Almost half of the sample (47.7%) had never required assistance because of HIV or other illness or disability, whereas the remainder required current or past assistance. Preliminary findings controlling for sociodemographics indicated that availability of emotional support, but not practical support (i.e., having someone to count on for activities of daily living), was associated with lower depressive symptomology. Identifying sources and types of support will help older women leverage existing social ties or form new ones to promote successful aging with HIV.
MISEXPRESSION OF GENES LACKING CPG ISLANDS IS A SHARED TRAIT OF MAMMALIAN AGING
Authors: Beck Samuel 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Changes in the 3-D architecture of chromatin are observed in various diseases and are also a hallmark of aging. Disruption of the nuclear lamina and associated heterochromatin are commonly observed in various aging contexts, including premature aging diseases, cellular senescence, and normative aging. Although these conserved structural changes have been reported for over two decades, their impacts on transcription and contribution to age-related degenerative changes remain unknown. By performing a large-scale computational analysis and experimental validation, here we show that genes lacking CpG islands (CGI- genes), which form heterochromatin when transcriptionally silent, are globally misexpressed in aged nuclei with disrupted chromatin architectures. We demonstrate that CGI- gene misexpression is a common feature of mammalian aging and explains the molecular basis of various age-associated defects, ranging from loss of cellular identity and increased transcriptional noise to age-associated chronic inflammation. Our findings reveal that CGI- gene misexpression is directly associated with age-related physiological deterioration, thus providing a novel biomarker of aging.