bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phosphoproteomic analysis reveals the role of A-Raf in regulating the apoptosis of porcine macrophages infected with Toxoplasma gondii
Authors: Su Dingzeyang , Zhu Shifan , Xu Kangzhi , Hou Zhaofeng , Hao Fuxing , Xu Fan , Zhu Yuyang , Liu Dandan , Xu Jinjun , Tao Jianping 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular protozoan of severe threat to humans and livestock. Macrophages are the cell type preferentially infected by T. gondii in vivo. Protein phosphorylation is an important post-translational modification involved in diverse cellular functions. A-Raf is member of the Raf family of serine/threonine protein kinases that is necessary for MAPK activation. Our previous research found that A-Raf knockout could reduce the apoptosis of porcine alveolar macrophages (3D4/21 cells) caused by T. gondii infection. However, limited information is available about the level of protein phosphorylation variations and the roles of A-Raf in macrophages with T. gondii infection. Here, we used IMAC in combination with LC-MS/MS to profile the changes of phosphorylation in 3D4/21 cells and 3D4/21-ΔAraf cells upon Toxoplasma infection, respectively. A total of 1647 differentially expressed phosphorylated proteins (DEPPs) with 3876 differentially phosphorylated sites (DPSs) were identified in 3D4/21 cells with Toxoplasma infection (p3T group) when comparing 3D4/21 cells without parasite infection (pho3 group), and 959 DEPPs with1540 DPSs when comparing 3D4/21-ΔAraf cells with parasite infection (p3KT group). In addition, 552 DPSs corresponding to 406 DEPPs with the same phosphorylated sites were obtained in the comparison p3T/pho3 vs. p3T/p3KT, which was identified as the DPSs and DEPPs related with A-Raf. Remarkable functional properties of the DEPPs were discovered by GO analysis, KEGG pathway analysis, and STRING analysis. Of 406 DEPPs related with A-Raf, 40 DEPPs corresponding to 57 DPSs involved in the apoptosis of 3D4/21 cells during Toxoplasma infection. Further analysis showed that the phosphorylation levels of Med1at serine1418, Jun at serine 73, Myc at serine 154, Mcl1 at serine 65, and Bad at serine115 were upregulated in p3T, but downregulated in p3KT, suggesting that A-Raf regulate phosphorylation of these sites to modulate the apoptosis of macrophages induced by Toxoplasma infection. These results revealed distinct responses of macrophages to Toxoplasma infection and the potential roles of A-Raf in fighting against infection via phosphorylation of crucial proteins.
Economic aspects of prolonged home video-EEG monitoring: a simulation study
Authors: Vander Tatiana , Bikmulina Rozalyja , Froimovich Naomi , Stroganova Tatiana , Nissenkorn Andreea , Gilboa Tal , Eliashiv Dawn , Ekstein Dana , Medvedovsky Mordekhay 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Video EEG monitoring (VEM) is an important tool to characterize clinical events suspected as seizures. It is also used for pre-surgical workup in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE). The high cost and inconvenience of in-hospital VEM led to interest in home VEM (HVEM). However, because antiseizure medications cannot be reduced at home, HVEM may require longer monitoring. While the economic aspect is one of the main motivations for HVEM, the cost of HVEM lasting several weeks has not been assessed.
Methods
We modeled the cost of HVEM during eight weeks and compared it to the cost of one-week in-hospital VEM. Additionally, we modeled the per-patient cost for a combination of HVEM and in-hospital VEM, considering that if in a proportion of patients HVEM fails to achieve its goal, they should undergo in-hospital VEM with drug reduction.
Results
The average cost of HVEM up to 4–6 weeks of monitoring was lower than that for the one-week in-hospital VEM. The combination of the three-week HVEM with one-week in-hospital VEM (if needed) reduced the per-patient cost by 6.6–28.6% as compared to the situation when all the patients with DRE were referred to the in-hospital VEM.
Conclusions
A prolonged intermittent HVEM can be economically efficient, which justifies directing the efforts into clinical trials and technology development.
Ultrastructure of noise-induced cochlear synaptopathy
Authors: Moverman Daniel J. , Liberman Leslie D. , Kraemer Stephan , Corfas Gabriel , Liberman M. Charles 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Overexposure to noise can eliminate synaptic connections between inner hair cells (IHCs) and auditory nerve fibers (ANFs), even if hair-cell function recovers. This noise-induced synaptopathy has been extensively studied in confocal microscopy of cochleas immunostained for pre- and post-synaptic markers, however, understanding the nature and sequence of damage requires ultrastructural analysis. Here, we used focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy to serially mill, image, segment and reconstruct the unmyelinated terminals of ANFs in mice, 1 day and 1 week after synaptopathic exposure. At both survivals, ANF terminals were normal in number, but synaptic counts were reduced by half. Most non-synapsing fibers remained in close proximity to IHCs and contained healthy-looking organelles. ANFs showed a transient increase in mitochondrial content and efferent innervation at 1 day. Fibers maintaining synaptic connections showed hypertrophy of pre-synaptic ribbons at both 1 day and 1 week. Non-synaptic fibers were lower in mitochondrial content and typically on the modiolar side of the IHC, consistent with selective damage to ANFs with high-thresholds and low spontaneous rates. Even 1 week post-exposure, most unmyelinated ANF terminals remained intact despite loss of synaptic specializations. Thus, the first step in the degenerative process is not explosion and retraction of the neuron.
The Effect of Core Stability Training on the Balance Ability of Young Male Basketball Players
Authors: gong jian 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Teenage male basketball players often struggle to adapt to high-intensity physical confrontations. This leads to decreased shooting accuracy and inadequate defensive capabilities.
Methods
This study primarily assessed the effects of a 10-week core stability training program compared to traditional strength training on the balance abilities of teenage male basketball players. Three balance assessment indicators were selected: dominant-side closed-eye single-leg stance, eight-point star excursion balance test, and core endurance test in four directions.
Results
The results showed that: (1) there were significant differences in the scores of both groups in the closed-eye single-leg stance test before and after training (p < 0.01), (2) in the eight-point star excursion balance test, except for no significant difference in the scores in direction C when using the left foot for support before and after training in the experimental group (p > 0.05), the scores when using both feet for support in other directions showed significant differences (p < 0.05) or highly significant differences (p < 0.01) before and after training; (3) in the core endurance test in four directions, there were no significant differences in the scores of the control group before and after training (p > 0.05), while significant differences existed in the scores of the experimental group before and after training (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
Core stability training significantly enhanced the balance abilities of teenage basketball players and proved to be superior to traditional strength training in improving balance capabilities.
Bleeding in children admitted to hospital
Authors: Biørn Signe Hedengran , Lyster Anne Lørup , Hansen Rasmus Søgaard , Lynggaard Rasmus Bank , Laursen Martin Sundahl , Pedersen Jannik Skyttegaard , Vinholt Pernille Just 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose
This study addresses the lack of information about bleeding incidences, location and risk factors in admitted children. The primary objective of this study was to determine the incidence of bleeding in children admitted to hospital.
Methods
In an observational cohort study, the first admittance of 13,842 children (< 18years) to Odense University Hospital from 2015–2020 was analyzed. Bleeding episodes and the anatomical location of bleeding were identified in electronic health record (EHR) text using a combination of artificial intelligence and manual validation. The study determined cumulative bleeding incidence during admission with Kaplan-Meier analysis and the anatomical locations of bleedings in frequencies and numbers. Subgroup analyses included spontaneous and major bleeding, and bleeding during intensive care unit (ICU) stay.
Results
Overall, 1869 children bled at admission and 1,523 during admission. The most frequent locations were cutaneous, internal, and gastrointestinal bleeding, comprising 70% of episodes. The cumulative incidence of bleeding during admission was 29.1% and 19.0% for any bleeding and spontaneous bleeding, respectively. Spontaneous and major bleeding occurred in 794 (6.6%) and 174 (1.5%) of children, and six bleedings contributed to death (all central nervous system bleeds). Bleedings occurred in 36% admissions complicated with ICU stay. Independent risk factors for bleeding were prematurity, hematological cancer, infection, congenital anomalies, anticoagulants, administration and ICU stay.
Conclusions
The study found a high incidence of bleeding in admitted children, and fatal bleeding episodes were registered. Thus, bleeding risk shall be considered during admission of children.
Bruton’s tyrosine kinase is a possible therapeutic target in myeloperoxidase-antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis
Authors: Nakade Issei , Tamura Yuto , Hashimoto Fuyu , Ariza Yuko , Hotta Shingo , Fujigaya Hirofumi , Arai Suishin , Taniguchi Mai , Ogawa Hodaka , Nishibata Yuka , Masuda Sakiko , Nakazawa Daigo , Tomaru Utano , Ishizu Akihiro 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (Btk) is an enzyme expressed in leukocytes other than T lymphocytes and plasma cells and involved in B-cell receptor- and Fcγ receptor (FcγR)-mediated signal transduction. Btk inhibitors potentially suppress autoantibody production due to the expected inhibitory ability of B lymphocyte differentiation into antibody-producing plasma cells and reduce FcγR-mediated neutrophil activation, including the release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). Myeloperoxidase (MPO)-antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (MPO-AAV) is a systemic small-vessel vasculitis characterized by the pathogenic autoantibody, MPO-ANCA. MPO and MPO-ANCA immune complex (MPO-ANCA-IC)-induced FcγR-mediated NETs are critically involved in MPO-AAV pathogenesis. This study aimed to demonstrate the therapeutic efficacy of the Btk inhibitor tirabrutinib on MPO-AAV.
Methods
Various doses of tirabrutinib or vehicle were orally administered to Sprague-Dawley rats daily. Four weeks later, the number of peripheral B lymphocytes was counted, and Btk phosphorylation in B lymphocytes was evaluated by flow cytometry. Human peripheral blood neutrophils were stimulated by MPO-ANCA-ICs, and Btk and its downstream Vav phosphorylation was assessed by western blotting. The effects of tirabrutinib on MPO-ANCA-IC-induced NET formation were examined in vitro. Wistar Kyoto rats were immunized with human MPO to induce MPO-AAV and given drug-free or tirabrutinib-containing feed (0.0037% or 0.012%) from day 0 or 28. All rats were euthanized on day 42 for serological and histological evaluation.
Results
Tirabrutinib inhibited Btk phosphorylation without decreasing B lymphocytes in vivo. Neutrophil Btk and Vav were phosphorylated when stimulated with MPO-ANCA-ICs. Tirabrutinib suppressed MPO-ANCA-IC-induced NET formation in vitro and ameliorated MPO-AAV in a dose-dependent manner. Although MPO-ANCA production was not affected, NET-forming neutrophils in the blood were significantly reduced by tirabrutinib.
Conclusions
The Btk inhibitor tirabrutinib suppressed MPO-ANCA-IC-induced NET formation in vitro and ameliorated MPO-AAV by reducing NET-forming neutrophils but not decreasing MPO-ANCA titer in vivo. This study suggests that Btk is a possible therapeutic target in MPO-AAV.
Potential preferential utilization of hepatic glycogen as energy substrates in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) under short -term starvation
Authors: Zhang Nihe , Wang Xiaoyuan , Han Zhihao , Gong Ye , Huang Xuxiong , Chen Naisong , Li Songlin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
To elucidate the underlying mechanism on the energy metabolism in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides), cultured fish (initial body weight: 77.57 ± 0.75 g) in the present study were starved for 0 h, 12 h, 24 h, 48 h, 96 h and 192 h, respectively. The proximate composition analysis showed that short-term starvation induced a significant up-regulation in crude protein proportion in hepatic of cultured fish (P < 0.05). However, short-term starvation significantly decreased the hepatosomatic index and the viscerosomatic index of cultured fish (P < 0.05). The exact hepatic glycogen content in the group starved for 92 h presented remarkable decrease (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, compared with the weight change of lipid and protein (mg) in hepatic (y = 0.0007x2 - 0.2827x + 49.402; y =0.0013x2 - 0.5666x + 165.31), the decreasing trend of weight in glycogen (mg) was more pronounced (y = 0.0032x2 - 1.817x + 326.52), which suggested the preferential utilization of hepatic glycogen as energy substrates under short-term starvation. Gene expression analysis revealed that the starvation down-regulated the expression of insulin-like growth factor 1 and genes of TOR pathway, such as TOR and S6 (P < 0.05). In addition, the starvation significantly enhanced expression of lipolysis related genes, including HSL and CPT1, but down-regulated lipogenesis as indicated by the inhibited expression of FAS, ACC1 and ACC2 (P < 0.05). Starvation of 24h upregulated the expression of glycolysis genes, GK, PFKL and PK, and then their expression returned to the normal level. Meanwhile, the expression of gluconeogenesis genes, such as G6PC, FBP1 and PEPCK, was significantly inhibited with the short-term starvation (P < 0.05). In conclusion, short-term starvation induced an overall decline in growth performance, but it could deplete the hepatic glycogen accumulation and mobilize glycogen for energy effectively.
Productivity dynamics of work from home: Firm-level evidence
Authors: Morikawa Masayuki 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This study documents the changes in work from home (WFH) practices since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic using panel data from original firm surveys in Japan. Particular attention has been given to the productivity dynamics of WFH. The results indicate the following: First, compared to when the first state of emergency was declared in Spring 2020, at the end of 2021, the ratio of firms utilizing WFH and the intensity of WFH decreased substantially. Second, according to the firms’ evaluations, the mean productivity of WFH improved by more than 10 percentage points, although it was still approximately 20% lower than that of conventional workplaces. The selection effect arising from the exit from this practice among firms with low WFH productivity, and the improvement in productivity among WFH-continuing firms contributed almost equally to the average productivity growth. Third, the majority of firms are planning to discontinue WFH practices and revert to the conventional work style after the end of COVID-19, and the gap between firms’ plans and the desire of remote workers is widening.
JEL Classification: D24, J24, J81, M12, M54
Empyema caused by streptococcus constellatus in a patient infected with HIV: a case report and literature review
Authors: Yang Hong-Hong , Li Mei , Liu Min 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background: Empyema caused by Streptococcus constellatus (S. constellatus) is rare in patients with HIV. To analyze the clinical data of a patient living with HIV (PLHIV), who got empyema caused by S. constellatus, investigating the diagnosis and treatment of this disease through literature review to improve the clinical understanding of this disease.
Case presentation:
We have reportedhere a 58-year-old male PLHIV with cough, wheezing, and fever for 20 days. He has a history type 2 diabetes, alcohol misuse, and a teeth extracted. Chest computed tomography revealed multiple encapsulated pleural effusions, pneumatosis, and partial compressive atelectasis in the right lung. Submission of pleural efusions timely, and then cultures revealed S. constellatus. After comprehensive treatment, including antibiotics, closed pleural drainage, and intrapleural injection of urokinase, the pleural efusion was absorbed, and chest computed tomography also confirmed the improvement.
Conclusions: S. constellatus should not be neglected as a pus pathogen in patients with HIV. comprehensive treatment is important for empyema of S. constellatus. In addition, we should pay attention to timely submission of traditional bacterial culture although NGS was widely used.
Benign breast disease and breast cancer risk in African women: A case-control study
Authors: Omoleye Olasubomi J. , Freeman Jincong Q. , Oluwasanu Mojisola , Adeniji-Sofoluwe Adenike , Woodard Anna E. , Aribisala Benjamin S. , Adejumo Prisca O. , Ntekim Atara , Makumbi Timothy , Ndom Paul , Ajayi IkeOluwapo O. , Olopade Olufunmilayo I. , Huo Dezheng 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To examine the association between benign breast disease (BBD) and breast cancer (BC) in a heterogeneous population of African women.
Methods
BC cases and matched controls were enrolled in three sub-Saharan African countries, Nigeria Cameroon, and Uganda, between 1998–2018. Multivariable logistic regression was used to test the association between BBD and BC. Risk factors dually associated with BBD and BC were selected. Using a parametric mediation analysis model, we assessed if selected BC risk factors were mediated by BBD.
Results
Of 6418 participants, 55.7% (3572) were breast cancer cases. 360 (5.7%) self-reported BBD. Fibroadenoma (46.8%) was the most reported BBD. Women with a self-reported history of BBD had greater odds of developing BC than those without (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.47, 95% CI: 1.13–1.91). Biopsy-confirmed BBD was associated with BC (aOR = 3.11, 95% CI: 1.78–5.44). BBD did not significantly mediate the effects of any of the selected BC risk factors.
Conclusions
In this study, BBD was associated with BC and did not significantly mediate the effects of selected BC risk factors.
Unequal Care: Examining the intersection of multifactorial factors contributing to suboptimal perinatal outcomes: A scoping review and implications for perinatal services in the UK
Authors: Olakotan Olufisayo , Lim Jennifer NW , Bhavsar Mina , Siddiqui Farah , Ayaz Rabina , Henry Gillian O’Brady , Jonathan Cusack , Pillay Thillagavathie 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Maternal and neonatal health inequalities remain prevalent among disadvantaged ethnic minority women in developed economies. Differences in perinatal care and neonatal outcome are influenced by multiple factors related to equality, diversity, and inclusion. In this scoping literature review we examine how these contribute to adverse maternal care and neonatal outcomes in the UK.
Methods
We conducted a search of four electronic databases (PubMed, Medline, Embase, and CINAHL) for articles published in English between 2010 and 2022. Using the PICO (Population, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcome) framework, we defined our inclusion and exclusion criteria. Forty-seven papers met the specified inclusion criteria. We undertook a thematic analysis exploring themes and identifying potential areas for research and development.
Results
We identified themes surrounding communication, service delivery, referral delays, practical life concerns, lack of awareness of services, and cultural and racial sensitivity. Significant disparities in access, utilization, and service delivery due to socio-economic factors and ethnic differences, especially across diverse cultures, beliefs, and value systems, were identified. Tailored approaches or interventions to address perinatal health inequalities and a need for high-quality future research focused on optimizing services to promote equity and inclusion for socially disadvantaged ethnic minority women are required. We outline potential areas for research priority setting and the development of interventions.
Conclusion
Significant disparities in various themes associated with perinatal health service delivery in the UK indicate an urgent need for further priority setting research and development.
Comparison of perioperative and functional outcomes of holmium laser enucleation of prostate with different power: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Yang Lin , Wang Li , Yin Shan , Liu Ying , Bao Er-hao , Wang Jia-hao , Wang Chong-jian , Zhu Ping-yu 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective: The objective is to systematically review the perioperative and prognostic outcome differences between low-power (LP) and high-power (HP) holmium laser enucleation of the Prostate (HoLEP).
Methods: Up to 2023, we systematically searched English databases such as PubMed, EMBASE, Google Scholar, SinoMed, CNKI for related original research literature. Review Manager 5.4 software was used for meta-analysis. Pooled odds ratios (ORs), weight mean differences (WMDs) and standard mean differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using the fixed-effects or random-effects model. Publication bias was evaluated using funnel plots.
Results: We identified 1026 records in the literature search. After screening titles, abstracts, and full texts, we finally selected and included 5 studies. This meta-analysis (5 trials) showed that in intraoperative variables, HP HoLEP is superior to LP HoLEP in terms of enucleation efficiency, but there was no significant difference in operative time; there was no significant difference in postoperative outcomes (length of hospital stay, postoperative catheterization time), postoperative incontinence rates, and related complications between the two groups. There was no significant difference in postoperative functional outcomes (IPSS; Qmax; QOL; PVR).
Conclusion: Compared to LP HoLEP, HP HoLEP has a certain advantage in terms of enucleation efficiency; there is no significant difference in other aspects; however, LP HoLEP consumes less energy and is more energy-efficient and environmentally friendly. Furthermore, further comparative research is still needed to elevate the level of evidence.
Registration: The study protocol was registered with PROSPERO(CRD42023445989).