bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aseptic loosening of tumor prostheses in distal femur after revision surgery: a retrospective study
Authors: Li Ziming , Yu Xiuchun , Xu Ming , Zheng Kai , Hou Ziwei , Miao Zukang , Sun Yanshun 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundTumor prostheses of the distal femur after revision surgery is associated with high rates of aseptic loosening, which has introduced great challenges to the survival of patients, but only a few studies have evaluated their X-ray imaging. The purpose of this study was to analyze the risk factors for recurrence of aseptic loosening and make recommendations to reduce the incidence of aseptic loosening after revision surgery of tumor prostheses in the distal femur.MethodA retrospective analysis was performed on 23 patients who had revision surgery for distal femur prostheses due to aseptic loosening between June 2002 and June 2021. They were divided into two groups based on the condition of the prostheses after revision surgery: loosening group (9 patients) and control group (14 patients). Following the initial replacement, the length and diameter of the prosthetic intramedullary stem were measured through the standard full-length anteroposterior X-ray imaging of both lower limbs. The osteotomy length, femoral length and diameter, femoral intramedullary stem diameter, hip-knee-ankle angle (HKAA), mechanical lateral distal femoral angle (mLDFA), mechanical medial proximal tibial angle (mMPTA), and so on were measured as well. Following that, statistical analysis was performed.ResultsPatients in the loosening group had statistically significant differences in the ratio of prostheses length to femur length (71.89 ± 6.62) and the ratio of intramedullary stem diameter to femoral diameter (25.50 ± 6.90) (P < 0.05), when compared to the control group. The HKAA (175.58 ± 2.78), mLDFA (94.42 ± 2.57), and the deviation angle between the lower limb alignment and the tibial prostheses force line (2.23 ± 1.09) in the loosening group were significantly different from those in the control group (P < 0.05) on postoperative radiographs of the entire length of the lower limbs. The lowest score in intramedullary manubrium I indicated less osteolysis, while the highest score in intramedullary manubrium III indicated the most serious osteolysis, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05).ConclusionsOur study suggests that the use of longer and thicker intramedullary stems can effectively decrease the occurrence of aseptic loosening. Additionally, it is important to avoid using the original prostheses and reconstruct the standard line of lower limb force to further reduce the incidence of aseptic loosening. It is crucial to closely monitor the distal segment of the intramedullary stem for osteolysis after surgery.
Leveraging community health workers as vaccinators: a case study exploring the role of Malawi’s Health Surveillance Assistants in delivering routine immunization services
Authors: Alban Rebecca , Gibson Emily , Payne Jenny , Chihana Tafwirapo 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Global chronic health worker shortages and stagnating routine immunization rates require new strategies to increase vaccination coverage and equity. As trained, trusted members of their local communities, community health workers (CHWs) are in a prime position to expand the immunization workforce and increase vaccination coverage in under-reached communities. Malawi is one of only a few countries that relies on CHWs—called Health Surveillance Assistants (HSAs) in Malawi—to administer routine immunizations, and as such offers a unique example of how this can be done.

Case presentation
We sought to describe the operational and programmatic characteristics of a functional CHW-led routine immunization program by conducting interviews with HSAs, HSA supervisors, ministry of health officials, and community members in Malawi. This case study describes how and where HSAs provide vaccinations, their vaccination-related responsibilities, training and supervision processes, vaccine safety considerations, and the community-level vaccine supply chain. Interview participants consistently described HSAs as a high-functioning vaccination cadre, skilled and dedicated to increasing vaccine access for children. They also noted a need to strengthen some aspects of professional support for HSAs, particularly related to training, supervision, and supply chain processes. Interviewees agreed that other countries should consider following Malawi’s example and use CHWs to administer vaccines, provided they can be sufficiently trained and supported.

Conclusions
This account from Malawi provides an example of how a CHW-led vaccination program operates. Leveraging CHWs as vaccinators is a promising yet under-explored task-shifting approach that shows potential to help countries maximize their health workforce, increase vaccination coverage and reach more zero-dose children. However, more research is needed to produce evidence on the impact of leveraging CHWs as vaccinators on patient safety, immunization coverage/vaccine equity, and cost-effectiveness as compared to use of other cadres for routine immunization.
Simultaneous operations for gastric cancer and aortic aneurysm: a case report
Authors: Komarov Roman , Osminin Sergey , Chernyavsky Stanislav , Ivashov Ivan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Gastric cancer is the second highest cause of morbidity among malignant tumors of the gastrointestinal tract and fifth in overall cancer statistics. Diseases of the cardiovascular system are the leading causes of death in the world. Aneurysm of the abdominal aorta is the most common type of vascular aneurysm, while in 75% of the cases it is asymptomatic. The risk of rupture of aneurysm of the abdominal aorta increases progressively depending on its diameter and the age of the patient.

Case presentation
A 56-year-old male patient underwent treatment for complaints of pain and discomfort in the epigastric region, general weakness and difficulty in passing food through the esophagus. The neoplasm extended to the esophagus up to 17–20 mm (pT3N3aM0 R0 stage IIIB TNM 8). The aortic diameter at the level of the renal arteries was 18 mm; lower than the main renal arteries, an expansion of up to 60 mm was visualized; the length of aneurysm was 105 mm extending to the bifurcation. A gastrectomy with a resection of the lower thoracic esophagus and application of a manual double-row Roux-en -Y esophagojejunal anastomosis with cholecystectomy and D2 lymphadenectomy was done along with longitudinal aneurysmectomy and thrombectomy. The proximal anastomosis between the aorta and the synthetic linear prosthesis of 18 × 9 × 9 mm in the end-to-end type was formed by a continuous winding suture with the “Prolene” 5-0 thread. The end-to-end distal anastomosis of the prosthesis and aorta branch was formed by continuous winding suture with the “Prolene” 6-0 thread. The postoperative period proceeded without features and complications. On the 7th day after the surgery, the patient was discharged home in satisfactory condition.

Conclusions
Performing a simultaneous operation allowed the patient to undergo rehabilitation after the treatment of two diseases during one hospitalization and, in the shortest possible time, to proceed to the next stage of gastric cancer treatment—chemotherapy, thereby improving the prognosis of life expectancy. Also, one-stage surgical treatment of concomitant aneurysm of the abdominal aorta and gastric cancer is well tolerated and can avoid financial costs, and patient anxiety involved in a second operation.
ALS-linked FUS R521C disrupts arginine methylation of UBAP2L and stress granule dynamics
Authors: Jun Mi-Hee , Lee Sang-Hee , Huh Yang Hoon 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMutations in the fused-in-sarcoma (FUS) gene have been linked to familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (fALS). FUS aggregates in the cytosol and associates with stress granules (SGs) in pathological cases, whereas FUS is normally found in the nucleus. However, little is known about how FUS mutations cause neurodegeneration in ALS, which is distinguished by FUS-positive inclusion and stress granules. In this study, we investigated the mechanism of abnormal cytoplasmic aggregate formation caused by ALS-linked FUS mutations. FUS R521C interacted more with ubiquitin-associated protein 2-like (UBAP2L) and protein arginine methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1) than FUS WT, and PRMT1 and UBAP2L are sequestered into FUS R521C-positive stress granules under oxidative stress. PRMT1 asymmetrically demethylates UBAP2L, which is required for both SG assembly and disassembly. Furthermore, in FUS R521C, arginine methylation of UBAP2L is reduced, and the loss of PRMT1 increases FUS-positive SGs in oxidative stress. These results imply that an aberrant interaction between FUS-R521C and PRMT1 causes insufficient arginine methylation of UBAP2L, resulting in abnormal FUS-R521C-positive SGs remaining in the cytoplasm. This study could lead to the identification of a new pathogenic mechanism and therapeutic targets for the FUS mutation, which has been associated with abnormally increased protein interactions in ALS.
Graphical abstract
Essential role of ATG7 in LPS-induced endometrial inflammatory injury in goats
Authors: Jiang Tingting , Yin Xueting , Chen Jianguo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe economic losses caused by uterine infections in ruminants have received increasing attention. Autophagy-related 7 (ATG7) has been demonstrated to be capable of regulating apoptosis, but surprisingly, ATG7 can both promote and inhibit apoptosis in different cellular contexts. However, the role of ATG7 in endometrial cell apoptosis during the postpartum period remains unclear. Herein, the location and expression of ATG7 was determined after mice were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the uterus. The results showed that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) increased ATG7 expression in endometrial epithelial cells (EECs) but not endometrial stromal cells. The apoptosis of goat EECs was increased under LPS treatment, and LPS further led to an increase in bax expression and a decline in bcl-2 expression in goat EECs. Silencing of ATG7 inhibited goat EEC apoptosis with LPS treatment. The role of ATG7 in the regulation of goat EEC apoptosis was further confirmed by overexpression. ATG7 may serve as an essential regulatory factor in the process of endometrial epithelial cell apoptosis in ruminants under inflammatory injury. The findings help elucidate the pathogenesis of postpartum endometritis in ruminants.
How to Subvert the Banking Concept of Education in Neoliberal Times
Authors: Bezio Kelly L. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This article discusses a resurgent banking concept of education laid bare by the coronavirus pandemic. It uses the theories of Paulo Freire, Mark Fisher, Michel Foucault, and Saidiya Hartman to articulate how learning-management systems undermine literary study's problem-posing educational paradigm and how to retain it amid increasing technocratic pressures.
“Indeed Strangely Altered”
Authors: Gliserman-Kopans Dana 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Daniel Defoe's Journal of the Plague Year documents the cultural changes that the plague brings about in London. The COVID-19 pandemic similarly brought about dramatic cultural changes, and it changed the way that faculty taught. This article argues that faculty were forced to rethink what they teach, why they teach, and how they teach, and English departments and departments across higher education can serve students better if they retain the lessons that learned in the post-pandemic context.
The Stoner Book Club
Authors: Kangas William 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
With decades of newspaper reporting behind him, the author took a mid-life pivot to teaching that started as a high school substitute. He describes how a student's question about life in the eighties triggers a flashback to a day that gave his life meaning and direction after a chance encounter with a group of troublemakers. They offer him a nonfiction book about a band that seemed like they were from another world. As a result, the author grew wiser that day and decided he would try to change the world as a journalist, writing about people and places that needed discovery. The story proves inspiration can come from the most unlikely place— and all it takes is one book or one song for life to change course.
Short interpregnancy interval and adverse pregnancy outcomes among women in a Middle Eastern country
Authors: Al-Rumhi Amira Abdullah Saleh , Arulappan Judie , Al-Hashmi Iman 
Published: May 2023

Background/Aims A short interpregnancy interval is associated with several maternal and neonatal complications. In Oman, the incidence of short interpregnancy interval is well documented in the annual health report, but evidence is lacking on its impact on adverse pregnancy outcomes. This study examined short interpregnancy interval, its risk factors and its association with the prevalence of adverse pregnancy outcomes among Omani pregnant women. Methods A retrospective matched case–control design was adopted. Data were collected from medical records between January and December 2020. A total of 597 pregnant women from two tertiary care hospitals in Oman were included. Results There was a significant relationship between interpregnancy interval and the prevalence of adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes, including postpartum haemorrhage, iron deficiency anemia, preterm birth and low birth weight. Significant risk factors for a short interpregnancy interval were advanced maternal age, young age at first birth, low parity and previous perinatal loss. Conclusions Encouraging acceptance of birth spacing through the use of contraception would signify a notable change in cultural values that can act as a barrier to birth spacing. This would therefore improve pregnancy outcomes.
Flexible transceiver for an access network: a multicarrier entropy loading approach
Authors: Liu Gengchen , Zhou Ji , Huang Yuanda , Wang Guanyu , Bo Yu , Wu Yiwen , Lu Yanzhao , He Jiale , Li Mo , Ye Zhicheng , Mo Wenxuan , Li Liangchuan 
Published: May 2023

To cope with the extraordinary bandwidth demand, an optical access network based on point-to-multipoint (P2MP) topology has been widely applied. Recently, flexible transceivers have been investigated to maximize the optical power budget of optical network units for increasing the capacity of passive optical networks. In this work, we experimentally demonstrate a low-cost, high-bandwidth P2MP solution based on multicarrier modulations and probabilistic constellation shaping technology by reusing a 10G class directly modulated laser and avalanche photodetector for the first time to our knowledge. The proposed P2MP solution is capable of achieving fine granularity data rate adjustment from 12.5 Gb/s up to 63 Gb/s. We discuss the hardware implementation aspect of the proposed multicarrier entropy loading flexible transceiver. By means of a real-time transmission experiment, we show that the proposed P2MP solution can achieve a 29 dB power budget at a symmetric 53 Gb/s line rate, which makes it well positioned to support non-residential P2MP applications such as passive optical local area networks and fiber-to-the-office.
Choosing and Desire in Plato's Republic 4
Authors: Parry Richard 
Published: May 2023

Donald Davidson’s causal theory of action greatly influenced a dominant analytic interpretation of the argument, in Republic 4, for parts of the soul. According to Davidson, actions are caused by a combination of belief and desire (pro-attitude). In the interpretation inspired by this account, parts of the soul have distinctive beliefs and desires, which cause action; thus, parts are distinct agents. As well, the argument in Republic 4 is taken to show that, while reason desires the good, appetite is a desire which is good-independent. Then, since appetite is not a desire for the good, its being a distinct agent implies the possibility of akrasia—appetite could overcome reason’s judgment about the better course of action. In fact, the possibility of akratic conflict is taken to be integral to the distinction among parts. By contrast, this paper offers an interpretation which shows that the causal theory is not needed to establish the parts of the soul. As a consequence, akrasia has no role to play in distinguishing parts of the soul.
Foveal and Macular Thickness Measurements in Myopes as Determined by Optical Coherence Tomography
Authors: Reenu Elizabeth Thomas  , Nitin Batra  , Rupali Chopra  , Amandeep Bedi  
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND
Myopia is becoming one of the major public health problems globally. Various structural changes are seen in the fundus of myopic patients. Hence there is a need to understand the normal macular thickness in myopes. With the advent of Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT), foveal and macular thickness can be measured with micrometer resolution. However, there have been hardly any studies that have compared the central foveal and macular thickness among low, moderate and high myopes. We wanted to assess foveal and macular thickness in low, moderate and high myopic patients and study the association between foveal and macular thickness with axial length and spherical equivalent.
METHODS
A total of 150 eyes of 150 subjects with varying degrees of myopia who presented to the Department of Ophthalmology, Christian Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana formed the study group. Comprehensive ophthalmic examination was performed which included visual acuity, refraction by autorefractometer, axial length by NIDEK AL-SCAN, foveal and macular thickness measurements by Optical Coherence Tomography.
RESULTS
A total of 150 patients of different grades of myopia were analyzed. The central foveal thickness increased from mild to high myopia. The average macular thickness, and the thickness of the various quadrants in inner and outer macula ring decreased with progression of myopia.
CONCLUSIONS
It was observed from our study that with increasing grades of myopia, there is increase in central foveal thickness and decrease in the average macular thickness which should be considered mainly in high myopes in retinal disorders.
AUTOMATING DATA RETENTION FROM A WEBSITE USING AN APPLICATION PROGRAMMING INTERFACE
Authors: Adekunle Gabriel 
Published: May 2023

The collection and storage of data from websites is crucial for businesses, researchers, and other organizations to gain insights into user behavior and trends. However, with the increasing emphasis on data protection regulations and data privacy concerns, ensuring compliance with data retention policies can pose significant challenges. Traditional methods of web scrapping, which involve manually extracting data from websites, can be time-consuming and may violate data protection regulations. To overcome these challenges, this paper proposes an API-based solution for automating data retention from a website. The proposed solution leverages Python and the Requests and Beautiful Soup libraries to extract data from the website’s API and store it in a local database. The API provides a standardized and secure way of accessing the data, reducing the risk of data breaches, and ensuring compliance with data protection regulations. The solution includes a data retention policy that ensures that data is retained only for the necessary period, reducing storage costs and the risk of data breaches.
The proposed solution provides an efficient and compliant method for collecting and storing data from websites. It reduces the time and resources required for data collection, while also providing valuable insights into trends and patterns in the data. The solution can be adapted to various use cases, such as market research, competitor analysis, and customer behavior analysis. Overall, the proposed solution provides an effective way to automate data retention from websites while ensuring compliance with data protection regulations.
Thursday at Miller's
Authors: Jones Brian E. 
Published: May 2023

At seventy-three years old, jazz trumpeter/composer/bandleader John D’earth remains a vortex of swirling energy: gigging constantly, ceaselessly composing, and tirelessly teaching. An iconic musician with a world-class reputation, D’earth is a gifted post-bop trumpeter with a fat sound, a dense knowledge of harmony, and a virtuosic sense of rhythm. D’earth is the type of player that would demand attention in any major metropolitan jazz scene, but within the small confines of the Charlottesville, Virginia jazz community, D’earth is a pillar of influence. Simply put, D’earth is the heart and soul of the central Virginia jazz milieu.
Beyond his skills as a performer, D’earth is a revered teacher and mentor. As the Director of Jazz Performance at the University of Virginia, D’earth has certainly helped hundreds of promising young musicians navigate the vicissitudes of institutional learning. But it is D’earth’s work as a teacher outside the academy that will ultimately cement his legacy. D’earth has been leading a Thursday night weekly gig at Miller’s, a beloved tavern in downtown Charlottesville, for over thirty years. Miller’s on Thursdays is a laboratory—a musical workshop—where D’earth holds forth with both his students and his colleagues. On the Miller’s bandstand, D’earth puts professionals next to amateurs, beginners alongside experts. Everyone solos, all players add to the collective musical interplay, and each musician has a voice within the group.
This project engages D’earth in a series of interviews exploring his holistic approach to jazz pedagogy. Beyond interrogating D’earth’s specific teaching system(s), I inquire into his views about both the pitfalls and advantages of jazz in the academy, how improvisation can build social, political, and economic alliances, and the ways in which music can act as both a form of resistance and a strategy for survival in neoliberal times. At the forefront of my agenda is a discussion on how the jazz ecology of Charlottesville was affected by the events of August 12, 2017, when a misguided “Unite the Right” rally ended in the tragic death of Heather Heyer, bringing political upheaval and racial turmoil to the city of Charlottesville. Finally, I dissect the Miller’s phenomenon with D’earth, attempting to explain how this particular location has operated as both a performance environment and important pedagogical space for such a remarkably long time and yielded such a wealth of creativity and access to musical insight.
On isosupremic vectorial minimisation problems in L
∞ with general nonlinear constraints
Authors: Clark Ed , Katzourakis Nikos 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
We study minimisation problems in

L
∞

{L^{\infty}}

for general quasiconvex first order functionals, where the class of admissible mappings is constrained by the sublevel sets of another supremal functional and by the zero set of a nonlinear operator. Examples of admissible operators include those expressing pointwise, unilateral, integral isoperimetric, elliptic quasilinear differential, Jacobian and null Lagrangian constraints. Via the method of

L
p

{L^{p}}

approximations as

p
→
∞

{p\to\infty}

, we illustrate the existence of a special

L
∞

{L^{\infty}}

minimiser which solves a divergence PDE system involving certain auxiliary measures as coefficients. This system can be seen as a divergence form counterpart of the Aronsson PDE system which is associated with the constrained

L
∞

{L^{\infty}}

variational problem.