bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Real time on‐line amino acid analysis to explore amino acid trends and link to glycosylation outcomes of a model monoclonal antibody
Authors: Azer Nicole , Trunfio Nicholas , Fratz‐Berilla Erica J. , Hong Jin Sung , Cullinan Jackie , Faison Talia , Agarabi Cyrus D. , Powers David N. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBioreactor parameters can have significant effects on the quantity and quality of biotherapeutics. Monoclonal antibody products have one particularly important critical quality attribute being the distribution of product glycoforms. N‐linked glycosylation affects the therapeutic properties of the antibody including effector function, immunogenicity, stability, and clearance rate. Our past work revealed that feeding different amino acids to bioreactors altered the productivity and glycan profiles. To facilitate real‐time analysis of bioreactor parameters and the glycosylation of antibody products, we developed an on‐line system to pull cell‐free samples directly from the bioreactors, chemically process them, and deliver them to a chromatography‐mass spectroscopy system for rapid identification and quantification. We were able to successfully monitor amino acid concentration on‐line within multiple reactors, evaluate glycans off‐line, and extract four principal components to assess the amino acid concentration and glycosylation profile relationship. We found that about a third of the variability in the glycosylation data can be predicted from the amino acid concentration. Additionally, we determined that the third and fourth principal component accounts for 72% of our model's predictive power, with the third component indicated to be positively correlated with latent metabolic processes related to galactosylation. Here we present our work on rapid online spent media amino acid analysis and use the determined trends to collate with glycan time progression, further elucidating the correlation between bioreactor parameters such as amino acid nutrient profiles, and product quality. We believe such approaches may be useful for maximizing efficiency and reducing production costs for biotherapeutics.
Current perspectives of cardio‐oncology: Epidemiology, adverse effects, pre‐treatment screening and prevention strategies
Authors: Bychowski Jakub , Sobiczewski Wojciech 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCancer and cardiac diseases are the most prevalent causes of death in most developed countries. Due to the earlier detection and higher effectiveness of treatment, more patients survive the disease and have a long life expectancy. As the post‐cancer population is growing, an increasing number of patients will be diagnosed with sequelae of those therapies, most often affecting the cardiovascular system. Although the risk of cancer recurrence decreases within years, the risk of cardiac complications—for example left ventricle (LV) systolic and diastolic dysfunction, arterial hypertension, arrhythmias, pericardial effusion and premature coronary artery disease remains elevated for decades after the completion of the therapy. The most common anticancer therapies that can cause adverse cardiovascular effects include chemotherapy—in particular anthracyclines, human epidermal growth receptor 2 targeted drugs and radiation therapy. A new field of research, cardio‐oncology, addresses this increasing risk, screening, diagnosis and prevention. This review aims to present the most relevant reports regarding the adverse cardiac effects of oncological therapy, including the most prevalent types of cardiotoxicity, methods of pre‐treatment screening and indications for prevention therapy.
Interplay between membrane proteins and membrane protein‐lipid pertaining to plant salinity stress
Authors: Dutta Debajyoti 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHigh salinity in agricultural lands is one of the predominant issues limiting agricultural yields. Plants have developed several mechanisms to withstand salinity stress, but the mechanisms are not effective enough for most crops to prevent and persist the salinity stress. Plant salt tolerance pathways involve membrane proteins that have a crucial role in sensing and mitigating salinity stress. Due to a strategic location interfacing two distinct cellular environments, membrane proteins can be considered checkpoints to the salt tolerance pathways in plants. Related membrane proteins functions include ion homeostasis, osmosensing or ion sensing, signal transduction, redox homeostasis, and small molecule transport. Therefore, modulating plant membrane proteins' function, expression, and distribution can improve plant salt tolerance. This review discusses the membrane protein–protein and protein–lipid interactions related to plant salinity stress. It will also highlight the finding of membrane protein–lipid interactions from the context of recent structural evidence. Finally, the importance of membrane protein–protein and protein–lipid interaction is discussed, and a future perspective on studying the membrane protein–protein and protein–lipid interactions to develop strategies for improving salinity tolerance is proposed.
Dinuclear Iron(II) Triple Helicates Exhibiting Room Temperature Spin‐Transition Behaviour in Solid and Solution Phase
Authors: Jyoti Mondal Dibya , Gupta Arindam , Konar Sanjit 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHerein, three dinuclear iron(II) helicates bearing the molecular formula [Fe2(L1)3](ClO4)4 ⋅ 2CH3OH ⋅ 3H2O (complex 1), [Fe2(L2)3](ClO4)4 ⋅ 6CH3CN (complex 2), and [Fe2(L3)3](ClO4)4 ⋅ 0.5H2O (complex 3) have been synthesized using imidazole and pyridine‐imine‐based ligands having fluorene moiety in the backbone. A change in the ligand field strength by terminal modulation led to a change in the spin‐transition behaviour from incomplete, multi‐step to complete, around room temperature in the solid state. Spin transition behaviour has also been observed in the solution phase characterized using variable temperature 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (Evans method) and correlated using UV‐visible spectroscopy. Fitting the NMR data using the ideal solution model yielded the transition temperature in the order T1/2 (1)<T1/2 (2)<T1/2 (3), which indicates an increase in the ligand field strength from complexes 1 to 3. This study accentuates the interplay between the ligand field strength, crystal packing, and supramolecular interactions in fine‐tuning the spin transition behaviour effectively.
18F‐Labeling Chemistry in Aqueous Media
Authors: Zhang Kaiqiang , Feng Wanru , Mou Zhaobiao , Chen Jiayin , Tang Xiaoqun , Li Zijing 
Published: April 2023

Abstract18F‐Labeled molecular tracers and subsequent positron emission tomography are indispensable molecular imaging tools in medical diagnosis and research. The preparation of 18F‐labeled molecular tracers involves critical steps such as the 18F‐labeling reaction, work‐up, and 18F‐product purification, which are governed by 18F‐labeling chemistry. Since direct incorporation of 18F in aqueous media exhibits many advantages in practice, this Review summarizes the existing 18F‐labeling methods in aqueous media, which are sorted by atoms forming chemical covalent bonds with F. The Review is focused on the respective reaction mechanism, the water effect and the applications of these methods for the development of 18F‐radiopharmaceuticals. The research progress on aqueous nucleophilic labeling methods using [18F]F− as the 18F source has been mainly discussed.
Trading Symmetry for Stereoinduction in Tetradentate, non‐C2‐Symmetric Fe(II)‐Complexes for Asymmetric Catalysis
Authors: Steinlandt Philipp S. , Hemming Marcel , Xie Xiulan , Ivlev Sergei I. , Meggers Eric 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA series of stereogenic‐at‐metal iron complexes comprising a non‐C2‐symmetric chiral topology is introduced and applied to asymmetric 3d‐transition metal catalysis. The chiral iron(II) complexes are built from chiral tetradentate N4‐ligands containing a proline‐derived amino pyrrolidinyl backbone which controls the relative (cis‐α coordination) and absolute metal‐centered configuration (Λ vs. Δ). Two chloride ligands complement the octahedral coordination sphere. The modular composition of the tetradentate ligands facilitates the straightforward incorporation of different terminal coordinating heteroaromatic groups into the scaffold. The influence of various combinations was evaluated in an asymmetric ring contraction of isoxazoles to 2H‐azirines revealing that a decrease of symmetry is beneficial for the stereoinduction to obtain chiral products in up to 99 % yield and with up to 92 % ee. Conveniently, iron catalysis is feasible under open flask conditions with the bench‐stable dichloro complexes exhibiting high robustness towards oxidative or hydrolytic decomposition. The versatility of non‐racemic 2H‐azirines was subsequently showcased with the conversion into a variety of quaternary α‐amino acid derivatives.
Enabling Ultrahigh Surface Area of Covalently‐linked Organic Framework for Boosted CO2 Capture: An Air Liquid Interfacial Plasma as Post‐furnishing Protocol
Authors: Jyoti Bora Hridoy , Jyoti Boruah Palash , Kalita Parismita , Gogoi Gautomi , Bailung Heremba , Sen Sarma Neelotpal , Kalita Anamika 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe cognitive intent of a highly ordered and robust adsorbent is extremely sensible and, in this context, Covalent Organic Framework (COF) materials have significantly burgeoned their scope in diverse applications. Herein, a simple time‐competent hydrothermal procedure is presented to construct a covalent framework with an ultrahigh surface area of 1428 m2/g that shows active adsorption of carbon dioxide (CO2) at variable temperature ranges. Moreover, a facile scalably controlled post‐synthetic air liquid interfacial plasma (ALIP) induced protocol is substantiated that explicitly amplifies the surface area of the pristine framework even to a higher value of 2051 m2/g. The post‐synthetic plasma approach presented here led to the rapid enhancement of the surface area of the pristine COF by 43 %, which concurrently advances the CO2 uptake up to 67 %. Hence, the current study may open up a new frontier in the design as well as fine‐tune the properties of the covalent framework that unfolds the advanced outlook in addressing the challenges of CO2 capture.
Polymeric Unimolecular CO Dehydrogenase Mimic with both Inner and Outer Spheres for Enhanced Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Dai Haojie , Cui Rui , Chen Chuanshuang , Song Jiatian , Li Jinghan , Dong Lize , Yu Chunyang , Jiang Wenfeng , Zhou Yongfeng 
Published: April 2023

AbstractInspired by carbon monoxide dehydrogenase (CODH), mimicking its inner and outer spheres is a promising strategy in CO2 reduction catalyst design. However, artificial CODH‐like catalysts are generally limited to the inner sphere effect and only applicable in organic solvents or for electrocatalysis. Herein, an aqueous CODH mimic with both inner and outer spheres for photocatalysis is reported. In this polymeric unimolecular catalyst, the inner sphere is composed of cobalt porphyrin with four appended amido groups and the outer sphere consists of four poly(2‐(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) (PDMAEMA) arms. Upon visible light irradiation (λ >420 nm), the as‐prepared catalyst exhibits a turnover number (TONCO) of 1731.2 in the reduction of CO2 into CO, which is comparable to most reported molecular catalysts in aqueous solution. The mechanism studies indicate that, in this water‐dispersible and structurally well‐defined CODH mimic, the cobalt porphyrin core serves as the catalysis center and the amido groups function as hydrogen‐bonding pillars helping to stabilize the CO2 adduct intermediate, whereas the PDMAEMA shell renders both water solubility and a CO2 reservoir through reversibly capturing of CO2. The present work has clarified the significance of coordination sphere effects for improving the aqueous photocatalytic CO2 reduction performance of CODH mimics.
Sex differences in the generalizability of randomized clinical trials in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction
Authors: Schroeder Megan , Lim Yvonne Mei Fong , Savarese Gianluigi , Suzart‐Woischnik Kiliana , Baudier Claire , Dyszynski Tomasz , Vaartjes Ilonca , Eijkemans Marinus J.C. , Uijl Alicia , Herrera Ronald , Vradi Eleni , Brugts Jasper J. , Brunner‐La Rocca Hans‐Peter , Blanc‐Guillemaud Vanessa , Waechter Sandra , Couvelard Fabrice , Tyl Benoit , Fatoba Samuel , Hoes Arno W. , Lund Lars H. , Gerlinger Christoph , Asselbergs Folkert W. , Grobbee Diederick E. , Cronin Maureen , Koudstaal Stefan 
Published: April 2023

AimsIn order to understand how sex differences impact the generalizability of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) in patients with heart failure (HF) and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), we sought to compare clinical characteristics and clinical outcomes between RCTs and HF observational registries stratified by sex.Methods and resultsData from two HF registries and five HFrEF RCTs were used to create three subpopulations: one RCT population (n = 16 917; 21.7% females), registry patients eligible for RCT inclusion (n = 26 104; 31.8% females), and registry patients ineligible for RCT inclusion (n = 20 810; 30.2% females). Clinical endpoints included all‐cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and first HF hospitalization at 1 year. Males and females were equally eligible for trial enrolment (56.9% of females and 55.1% of males in the registries). One‐year mortality rates were 5.6%, 14.0%, and 28.6% for females and 6.9%, 10.7%, and 24.6% for males in the RCT, RCT‐eligible, and RCT‐ineligible groups, respectively. After adjusting for 11 HF prognostic variables, RCT females showed higher survival compared to RCT‐eligible females (standardized mortality ratio [SMR] 0.72; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.62–0.83), while RCT males showed higher adjusted mortality rates compared to RCT‐eligible males (SMR 1.16; 95% CI 1.09–1.24). Similar results were also found for cardiovascular mortality (SMR 0.89; 95% CI 0.76–1.03 for females, SMR 1.43; 95% CI 1.33–1.53 for males).ConclusionGeneralizability of HFrEF RCTs differed substantially between the sexes, with females having lower trial participation and female trial participants having lower mortality rates compared to similar females in the registries, while males had higher than expected cardiovascular mortality rates in RCTs compared to similar males in registries.
Thioether‐Substituted Hexa‐peri‐hexabenzocoronenes
Authors: Mörsel Sven , Kellner René , Hirsch Andreas 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe synthesis of novel mono‐, di‐, tri‐, tetra‐, and hexafluorinated hexa‐peri‐hexabenzocoronenes (HBCs) and their conversion into their thioether‐substituted analogs is reported. The substitution reaction with the corresponding thiolates was performed microwave‐assisted to significantly reduce the reaction time. With increasing amount of fluorination or thioether‐substituents, a decreasing extinction coefficient can be observed for the HBCs. Successive addition of thioether‐moieties leads to a bathochromic shift of the absorption and emission bands, whereas the nature of the attached thioether does not affect the optoelectronical properties. To further tune the electronic environment of the HBC core, a successive oxidation to the corresponding sulfone as well as the formation of the sulfonium salts were performed. With that, the electron‐donating thioethers were transformed into electron‐withdrawing substituents, resulting in an inversed electron demand in the periphery of the core. The so obtained compounds showed decreased extinction coefficients and a broadening of the absorption and emission bands.
A State‐of‐Art Review of the Metal Oxide‐Based Nanomaterials Effect on Photocatalytic Degradation of Malachite Green Dyes and a Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Umar Ehtisham , Ikram Muhammad , Haider Junaid , Nabgan Walid , Imran Muhammad , Nazir Ghazanfar 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA wide range of hard contaminants in wastewater is generated from different industries as byproducts of the organic compound. In this review, various metal oxide‐based nanomaterials are employed for the photocatalytic removal of malachite green (MG) dye from wastewater. Some cost‐effective and appropriate testing conditions are used for degrading these hard dyes to get higher removal efficiency. The effects of specific parameters are considered such as how the catalyst is made, how much dye is in the solution at first, how much nanocatalyst is needed to break down the dye, the initial pH of the dye solution, the type of light source used, the year of publications, and how long the dye has to be exposed to light to be removed. This study suggests that Scopus‐based core collected data employ bibliometric methods to provide an objective analysis of global MG dye from 2011 to 2022 (12 years). The Scopus database collects all the information (articles, authors, keywords, and publications). For bibliometric analysis, 658 publications are retrieved corresponding to MG dye photodegradation, and the number of publications increases annually. A bibliometric study reveals a state‐of‐art review of metal oxide‐based nanomaterials' effects on photocatalytic degradation of MG dyes (12 years).
Colour‐based segmentation using FCM and K‐means clustering for 3D thyroid gland state image classification using deep convolutional neural network structure
Authors: Ongole Devanand , Saravanan S. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThyroid cancer is a rare disease that often goes undetected until it reaches advanced stages. This study presents a novel approach for identifying Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TI‐RADS) stages of thyroid nodules using a deep convolutional neural network (Deep‐CNN) model. Our method incorporates pre‐processing, segmentation and feature extraction using colour based fuzzy‐c‐means and K‐means clustering, followed by deep learning classification. We demonstrate the efficacy of our proposed approach by achieving a success rate of 87% for classifying TI‐RADS1, TI‐RADS2, TI‐RADS3, TI‐RADS4 and TI‐RADS5 stages, outperforming other state‐of‐the‐art models. Our study fills an important gap in the literature, as previous studies have mainly focused on the margins of thyroid nodules rather than their calcium flecks. Our results offer promise for improving the accuracy and efficiency of thyroid cancer detection and management.
Macular choroidal thickness and correlations in a healthy pediatric South Asian cohort: A spectral domain optical coherence tomography study
Authors: Nadeem Sana 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPurposeThe objective of this study is to assess the normative macular choroidal thickness (ChT) in healthy children with spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD‐OCT) and study its correlations with age, intraocular pressure, axial length, corneal thickness, cup‐to‐disc ratio, and spherical equivalent.MethodsThis study recruited 89 healthy children. Macular ChT was measured in five locations, subfoveal, 1500 μm and 3000 μm nasal, and temporal to the fovea via the Optopol REVO80® SD‐OCT.ResultsThe mean age was 11.17 years. The mean subfoveal ChT was 332.33 ± 73.07 μm, ChT 1500 μm nasal to the fovea; 281.19 ± 66.67 μm, ChT 1500 μm temporal to the fovea; 293.25 ± 71.11 μm, ChT 3000 μm nasal to the fovea; 219.55 ± 67.4 μm, ChT 3000 μm temporal to the fovea; 264.31 ± 70.8 μm. A correlation of subfoveal ChT was not observed with the variables.ConclusionsThis study illustrates the normative pediatric macular ChT profile.
Comparison of Misoprostol and Evening Primrose Oil on Cervical Preparation Before Gynecological Surgery
Authors: Rahbar Nahid , Sharafshahi Fatemeh , Ghods Sanaz , Ghorbani Raheb 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of evening primrose oil (EPO) for cervical ripening before gynecologic procedures and compare it to misoprostol. In this study, 40 hysteroscopy and dilation and curettage candidates were enrolled. Patients were randomly assigned to receive either 2000 mg of vaginal EPO (n = 20) or 200 μg of vaginal misoprostol (n = 20) 2 hours before the expected procedure. The measured outcomes were the size of the Hegar dilator that passed through the cervix effortlessly, uterine cervicovaginal complications, and drug‐related side effects. The two groups were not significantly different in age, number of gravity, parity, type of delivery, and menopausal status (P > .05). The mean ± SD size of the first dilator was 5.25 ± 1.55 in the misoprostol group and 7.30 ± 1.08 in the EPO group (P < .001). The pain complaint in the EPO group was significantly lower (P = .027), but the two groups were not significantly different in terms of other complications. No cases of uterine or cervical rupture were seen in either group. The present study showed that 2000 mg of vaginal EPO was significantly more effective for cervical ripening than 200 μg of vaginal misoprostol before gynecological surgery. Therefore, it is recommended to use EPO as an alternative to misoprostol.
Population Pharmacokinetics of Rivaroxaban in Real‐World Patients
Authors: Alqahtani Saeed , Alnahdi Jamilah , Almofada Razan , bin hazza Asma'a , Alsultan Abdullah , Alqahtani Farjah 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe pharmacokinetics (PK) of rivaroxaban have been studied in different populations, and there were differences in the PK parameters. However, most of these studies were conducted on healthy subjects from different ethnic groups. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the PK of rivaroxaban in real‐world patients to determine the covariates that may cause differences in the pharmacokinetics of rivaroxaban. This was a prospective observational study. Five blood samples were collected at different time points after starting the rivaroxaban dose. Plasma concentrations were analyzed, and population PK models were developed using Monolix version 4.4 software. In total, 100 blood samples from 20 patients (50% men/50% women) were analyzed. The patients’ mean (±standard deviation) age was 53.1 (±15.5) years and their mean body weight was 81.7 (±27.2) kg. The PK of rivaroxaban were described by a 1‐compartment model. The initial estimates for the absorption rate constant, apparent clearance (CL/F), and apparent volume of distribution were 1.8/h, 4.46 L/h, and 21.7 L, respectively. The interindividual variability for absorption rate constant, CL/F, and volume of distribution was 14%, 24%, and 29.3%, respectively. Covariates were tested for their influence on rivaroxaban pharmacokinetics. The aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, body mass index, and albumin concentrations had an effect on the CL/F of rivaroxaban. In this analysis, the population PK model of rivaroxaban found significant interindividual variability. Several covariates influenced the clearance of rivaroxaban and contributed to this variability. The results may provide a guide that can aid the clinician during the initiation and adjustment of therapeutic regimens.