bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A physiologically based pharmacokinetic model for V937 oncolytic virus in mice
Authors: Peribañez-Dominguez Sara , Parra-Guillen Zinnia P. , Freshwater Tomoko , Troconiz Iñaki F. 
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Oncolytic viruses (OVs) represent a novel therapeutic strategy in oncology due to their capability to selectively infect and replicate in cancer cells, triggering a direct and/or immune-induced tumor lysis. However, the mechanisms governing OV pharmacokinetics are still poorly understood. This work aims to develop a physiologically based pharmacokinetic model of the novel OV, V937, in non-tumor-bearing mice to get a quantitative understanding of its elimination and tissue uptake processes.Materials and methods: Model development was performed using data obtained from 60 mice. Viral levels were quantified from eight tissues after a single intravenous V937 dose. An external dataset was used for model validation. This test set included multiple-dose experiments with different routes of administration. V937 distribution in each organ was described using a physiological structure based on mouse-specific organ blood flows and volumes. Analyses were performed using the non-linear mixed-effects approach with NONMEM 7.4.Results: Viral levels showed a drop from 108 to 105 copies/µg RNA at day 1 in blood, reflected in a high estimate of total clearance (18.2 mL/h). A well-stirred model provided an adequate description for all organs except the muscle and heart, where a saturable uptake process improved data description. The highest numbers of viral copies were observed in the brain, lymph node, kidney, liver, lung, and spleen on the first day after injection. On the other hand, the maximum amount of viral copies in the heart, muscle, and pancreas occurred 3 days after administration.Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first physiologically based pharmacokinetic model developed to characterize OV biodistribution, representing a relevant source of quantitative knowledge regarding the in vivo behavior of OVs. This model can be further expanded by adding a tumor compartment, where OVs could replicate.
Dipyridamole activates adenosine A2B receptor and AMPK/cAMP signaling and promotes myogenic differentiation of myoblastic C2C12 cells
Authors: Marco-Bonilla Miguel , Herencia Raquel , Fresnadillo María , Huete-Toral Fernando , Carracedo Gonzalo , Largo Raquel , Herrero-Beaumont Gabriel , Mediero Aránzazu 
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Sarcopenia is defined as a loss of muscle mass and strength. ATP homeostasis is crucial during myogenesis. We determined how the purinergic system modulates myogenesis using dipyridamole (blocks adenosine taken up by the cells) and tenofovir (inhibits ATP release) in a myoblast cell line.Methods: C2C12 cells were differentiated in the presence/absence of tenofovir/dipyridamole, with/without the A2B selective inhibitor PSB-603. Extra-/intracellular nucleotides were examined via HPLC. The expression of muscle differentiation proteins (Pax7, Mif5, MyoD, MyoG, and MHC), PKA/CREB, adenosine receptors (A1, A2A, A2B, and A3), ATP-channel pannexin-1 and the P2X7 receptor was analyzed via WB and RT-PCR. cAMP and AMPK activation was measured.Results: Tenofovir increased intracellular ATP and reduced extracellular adenosine, decreasing Pax7 expression and increasing MHC expression prematurely. Dipyridamole increased intracellular AMP and extracellular adenosine, counteracting the premature myogenesis promoted by tenofovir. All adenosine receptors were expressed during differentiation with dipyridamole, increasing A2B expression. Tenofovir maintained inactive AMPK and decreased cAMP levels, as well as PKAα and pCREB expression, which were recovered with dipyridamole.Discussion: Adenosine and ATP act as mediators in muscle myogenesis. The blockade of ATP release by tenofovir promotes premature myogenesis, with dipyridamole counteracting the premature differentiation promoted by tenofovir via the adenosine A2B receptor and cAMP/AMPK pathways. Therefore, dipyridamole might be of interest as a therapeutic approach in sarcopenia.
A strong-field THz light source based on coherent transition radiation
Authors: Kang Yin , Wang Ruoyu , Chen Wei , Tu Lingjun , Zhang Kaiqing , Feng Chao 
Published: September 2023

Terahertz (THz) radiation is a powerful tool for exploring various scientific frontiers through THz pump–probe experiments. However, different experiments may require THz radiation with different spectral properties, such as broad-band or narrow-band, which are difficult to be generated by a single light source. In this paper, we propose a THz light source that can produce both types of THz radiation by manipulating the longitudinal profile of an electron beam and exploiting coherent transition radiation. We perform theoretical analysis and numerical simulations based on the parameters of the Shanghai soft X-ray Free-Electron Laser facility, and the results show that the proposed light source can generate broad-band THz radiation with a pulse energy of 342 µJ and narrow-band THz radiation with a pulse energy of 91 µJ. The proposed light source can offer more flexibility and versatility for free-electron laser (FEL) users to conduct THz pump–probe experiments.
Fermented Astragalus membranaceus could promote the liver and intestinal health of juvenile tiger grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus)
Authors: Yang Jingru , Zhou Shengjie , Fu Zhengyi , Xiao Bo , Li Minghao , Yu Gang , Ma Zhenhua , Zong Humin 
Published: September 2023

In order to understand the effects of fermented Astragalus membranaceus (FAM) on the liver and intestinal health of tiger grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus), this study was conducted. This study evaluates the effects of different levels of FAM on liver and intestinal tissue structure, serum biochemical parameters, intestinal digestive enzyme, and microbiota structure of tiger grouper. Fish were fed with diets (crude protein ≥ 48.0%, crude fat ≥ 10.0%) with five levels of FAM (L1:0.25%, L2: 0.5%, L3: 1%, L4: 2% and L5: 4%) in the experimental groups and a regular diet was used as the control (L0: 0%) for 8 weeks. Compared with AM, the protein content of FAM was significantly changed by 34.70%, indicating that a large amount of bacterial protein was produced after AM fermentation, and its nutritional value was improved. FAM had significant effects on the growth performance of tiger grouper (p &lt; 0.05). The high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was highest in L4 group, being significantly different from L0 group. The area and diameter of hepatocytes were lowest in L3 and L4, and the density of hepatocyte was highest in L4 group and relatively decreased in L5 group. The mucosal height and muscular thickness were highest in L3 group. The intestinal microbiota structure of tiger grouper was changed under the intervention of FAM. The lower abundance of potential pathogenic bacteria and higher abundance of probiotics colonization in the L4 group showed that the dose of FAM had the best effect on improving the health of intestinal microbiota. This study indicates that the addition of FAM in the feed contributes to liver health, improves intestinal morphology, and regulates the intestinal microbiota of tiger grouper. The addition ratio of 1%–2% is better for intestinal and liver health, and a high addition ratio will cause liver damage. Our work will provide a reference for the addition and management of FAM in the aquaculture industry.
Sensorimotor integration is affected by acute whole-body vibration: a coherence study
Authors: Lecce E. , Nuccio S. , Del Vecchio A. , Conti A. , Nicolò A. , Sacchetti M. , Felici F. , Bazzucchi I. 
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Several whole-body vibration (WBV) effects on performance have been related to potential changes in the neural drive, motor unit firing rate, and sensorimotor integration. In the present paper, motor unit coherence analysis was performed to detect the source of neural modulation based on the frequency domain.Methods: Thirteen men [25 ± 2.1 years; Body Mass Index (BMI) = 23.9 ± 1.3 kg m2; maximal voluntary force (MVF): 324.36 ± 41.26 N] performed sustained contractions of the Tibialis Anterior (TA) at 10%MVF before and after acute WBV. The vibrating stimulus was applied barefoot through a platform to target the TA. High-Density surface Electromyography (HDsEMG) was used to record the myoelectrical activity of TA to evaluate coherence from motor unit cumulative spike-trains (CSTs).Results: Mean coherence showed a significant decrease in the alpha and low-beta bandwidths (alpha: from 0.143 ± 0.129 to 0.132 ± 0.129, p = 0.035; low-beta: from 0.117 ± 0.039 to 0.086 ± 0.03, p = 0.0001), whereas no significant changes were found in the other ones (p &gt; 0.05). The discharge rate (DR) and the Force Covariance (CovF%) were not significantly affected by acute WBV exposure (p &gt; 0.05).Discussion: According to the significant effects found in alpha and low-beta bandwidths, which reflect sensorimotor integration parameters, accompanied by no differences in the DR and CovF%, the present results underlined that possible neural mechanisms at the base of the previously reported performance enhancements following acute WBV are likely based on sensorimotor integration rather than direct neural drive modulation.
Global transcriptome profiling reveals root- and leaf-specific responses of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) to H2O2
Authors: Bhattacharyya Sabarna , Giridhar Maya , Meier Bastian , Peiter Edgar , Vothknecht Ute C. , Chigri Fatima 
Published: September 2023

In cereal crops, such as barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), the ability to appropriately respond to environmental cues is an important factor for yield stability and thus for agricultural production. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), are key components of signal transduction cascades involved in plant adaptation to changing environmental conditions. H2O2-mediated stress responses include the modulation of expression of stress-responsive genes required to cope with different abiotic and biotic stresses. Despite its importance, knowledge of the effects of H2O2 on the barley transcriptome is still scarce. In this study, we identified global transcriptomic changes induced after application of 10 mM H2O2 to five-day-old barley plants. In total, 1883 and 1001 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in roots and leaves, respectively. Most of these DEGs were organ-specific, with only 209 DEGs commonly regulated and 37 counter-regulated between both plant parts. A GO term analysis further confirmed that different processes were affected in roots and leaves. It revealed that DEGs in leaves mostly comprised genes associated with hormone signaling, response to H2O2 and abiotic stresses. This includes many transcriptions factors and small heat shock proteins. DEGs in roots mostly comprised genes linked to crucial aspects of H2O2 catabolism and oxidant detoxification, glutathione metabolism, as well as cell wall modulation. These categories include many peroxidases and glutathione transferases. As with leaves, the H2O2 response category in roots contains small heat shock proteins, however, mostly different members of this family were affected and they were all regulated in the opposite direction in the two plant parts. Validation of the expression of the selected commonly regulated DEGs by qRT-PCR was consistent with the RNA-seq data. The data obtained in this study provide an insight into the molecular mechanisms of oxidative stress responses in barley, which might also play a role upon other stresses that induce oxidative bursts.
Elevated CO2 reduced antimony toxicity in wheat plants by improving photosynthesis, soil microbial content, minerals, and redox status
Authors: Khamis Galal , Reyad Ahmed Mohamed , Alsherif Emad A. , Madany Mahmoud M. Y. , Korany Shereen Magdy , Asard Han , AbdElgawad Hamada 
Published: September 2023

IntroductionAntimony (Sb), a common rare heavy metal, is naturally present in soils at low concentrations. However, it is increasingly used in industrial applications, which in turn, leads to an increased release into the environment, exerting a detrimental impact on plant growth. Thus, it is important to study Sb effects on plants under the current and future CO2 (eCO2).MethodsTo this end, high Sb concentrations (1500 mg/kg soil) effects under ambient (420 ppm) and eCO2 (710 ppm) on wheat growth, physiology (photosynthesis reactions) and biochemistry (minerals contents, redox state), were studied and soil microbial were evaluated.Results and discussionOur results showed that Sb uptake significantly decreased wheat growth by 42%. This reduction could be explained by the inhibition in photosynthesis rate, Rubisco activity, and photosynthetic pigments (Cha and Chb), by 35%, 44%, and 51%, respectively. Sb significantly reduced total bacterial and fungal count and increased phenolic and organic acids levels in the soil to decrease Sb uptake. Moreover, it induced oxidative markers, as indicated by the increased levels of H2O2 and MDA (1.96 and 2.8-fold compared to the control condition, respectively). To reduce this damage, antioxidant capacity (TAC), CAT, POX, and SOD enzymes activity were increased by 1.61, 2.2, 2.87, and 1.86-fold, respectively. In contrast, eCO2 mitigated growth inhibition in Sb-treated wheat. eCO2 and Sb coapplication mitigated the Sb harmful effect on growth by reducing Sb uptake and improving photosynthesis and Rubisco enzyme activity by 0.58, 1.57, and 1.4-fold compared to the corresponding Sb treatments, respectively. To reduce Sb uptake and improve mineral availability for plants, a high accumulation of phenolics level and organic acids in the soil was observed. eCO2 reduces Sb-induced oxidative damage by improving redox status. In conclusion, our study has provided valuable insights into the physiological and biochemical bases underlie the Sb-stress mitigating of eCO2 conditions. Furthermore, this is important step to define strategies to prevent its adverse effects of Sb on plants in the future.
Chinese college students collaborative mobile-assisted language learning experience and flow as a key factor for further adoption
Authors: Hu Ling , Hei Dan , Wang Hui , Dai Xuanrui 
Published: September 2023

IntroductionIn recent years, the widespread shift toward online learning in higher education has led to a notable increase in the utilization of collaborative mobile-assisted language learning (MALL). However, the efficacy and implementation of MALL in college settings remain subjects of ongoing scholarly debate. To gain deeper insights into the experiences of Chinese college students with collaborative MALL and investigate factors that may influence their intentions for further adoption, this study proposed a comprehensive model that integrates the updated Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) and flow theory.MethodsThe model aimed to assess the relationship between flow and various antecedents, including perceived cost, social influences, perceived mobility, collaboration, and knowledge sharing, which shape students’ intentions to adopt collaborative MALL. A survey was conducted among a sample of 831 students from 32 provinces and autonomous regions.ResultsThe data analysis revealed that while 73% of participants reported having experienced collaborative MALL, overall adoption levels among Chinese college students are still in its initiative stage of adoption. Furthermore, variations were observed in the experiences of students from different majors and level of education. Importantly, the assessment of the proposed Mobile Collaborative Language Learning (MCLL) Model demonstrated the significant role of flow in predicting the adoption of collaborative MALL among Chinese college students.DiscussionThe study concludes with suggestions for future research opportunities based on the research findings, aiming to enhance our understanding and application of collaborative MALL in higher education contexts.
Being in-between; exploring former cult members’ experiences of an acculturation process using the cultural formulation interview (DSM-5)
Authors: Hadding Cecilia , Semb Olof , Lehti Arja , Fahlström Martin , Sandlund Mikael , DeMarinis Valerie 
Published: September 2023

ObjectiveTo explore the experiences of acculturation into secular Swedish society of former members of cults, with particular focus on mental health, needs and resources.DesignQualitative method using the Cultural Formulation Interview (CFI) from the DSM-5 as an interview guide. Analysis of participants’ experiences of acculturation through systematic text condensation.ParticipantsEleven Swedish former members of ideological or religion-based cults.SettingSwedish mainstream, secular society.ResultsFormer cult members experience an ‘in-between time’ in the period after leaving the cult and find themselves in a confusing, chaotic state. They describe having lived in an honor culture where acts of violence were normalized. In the cult, they felt disconnected from themselves, and post-cult they try to regain access to their own values and feelings as well as create new bonds with family members and friends outside the cult. They find it hard to talk about their cult background and find relief in communicating with other former cult members. In their post-cult life, they eventually start seeing the world in a brighter, more hopeful way than before. However, they are also at risk of re-experiencing cult-related traumatic events and of new traumatic experiences within the post-cult acculturation process, and of persistent psychological distress.ConclusionFormer cult members face a challenging acculturation process, having lost a functioning worldview upon leaving the cult but not yet gained another to take its place. While the in-between time is often transient, they may need support from the healthcare system, especially regarding mental health concerns, while establishing themselves into mainstream society.
Identifying and responding to family adversity in Australian community and primary health settings: a multi-site cross sectional study
Authors: Hall Teresa , Constable Leanne , Loveday Sarah , Honisett Suzy , Schreurs Natalie , Goldfeld Sharon , Loftus Hayley , Jones Renee , Reupert Andrea , Yap Marie B. H. , Woolfenden Sue , Montgomery Alicia , Dalziel Kim , Bailey Cate , Pringle Glenn , Fisher Jane , Forell Suzie , Eapen Valsamma , Haslam Ric , Sanci Lena , Eastwood John , Hiscock Harriet 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundUnaddressed family adversity has potentially modifiable, negative biopsychosocial impacts across the life course. Little is known about how Australian health and social practitioners identify and respond to family adversity in community and primary health settings.ObjectiveTo describe, in two Australian community health services: (1) the number of adversities experienced by caregivers, (2) practitioner identification of caregivers experiencing adversity, (3) practitioner response to caregivers experiencing adversity, and (4) caregiver uptake of referrals.MethodsSurvey of caregivers of children aged 0–8 years attending community health services in Victoria and New South Wales (NSW). Analysis described frequencies of caregiver self-reported: (1) experiences of adversity, (2) practitioner identification of adversity, (3) practitioner response to adversity, and (4) referral uptake. Analyses were sub-grouped by three adversity domains and site.Results349 caregivers (Victoria: n = 234; NSW: n = 115) completed the survey of whom 88% reported experiencing one or more family adversities. The median number of adversities was 4 (2–6). Only 43% of participants were directly asked about or discussed an adversity with a practitioner in the previous 6 months (Victoria: 30%; NSW: 68%). Among caregivers experiencing adversity, 30% received direct support (Victoria: 23%; NSW: 43%), and 14% received a referral (Victoria: 10%; NSW: 22%) for at least one adversity. Overall, 74% of caregivers accepted referrals when extended.ConclusionThe needs of Australian families experiencing high rates of adversity are not systematically identified nor responded to in community health services. This leaves significant scope for reform and enhancement of service responses to families experiencing adversity.
The correlation of urinary strontium with the risk of chronic kidney disease among the general United States population
Authors: Zhang Fenglian , Hu Na , Li Jiayue , Pu Ming , Li Xinchun , Li Yuanmei , Liao Dan 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundThis study sought to illustrate whether urinary strontium levels were related to developing chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the United States population.MethodsA total of 5,005 subjects were identified from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011–2016. Survey-weighted logistic regression analysis, multivariate linear regression analysis, restricted cubic spline (RCS) plots curve and stratified analyses were undertaken to explicate the correlation between urinary strontium and CKD.ResultsWith the increase of urinary strontium, the incidence rate of CKD and urinary albumin to creatinine ratio (UACR) levels gradually decreased, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) levels gradually increased. After controlling all confounders, only urinary strontium in the fourth quartile was correlated to a lower CKD prevalence (OR: 0.59; 95% CI, 0.44–0.79) compared to the lowest quartile. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that urinary strontium was positively correlated with eGFR but negatively with UACR. RCS curve suggested a nonlinear relationship between urinary strontium and CKD (P for non-linearity &lt;0.001). Stratified analyses indicated no significant difference in the correlation between urinary strontium and CKD among different subgroups.ConclusionUrinary strontium was strongly correlated with a low risk of CKD, and this association was non-linear among the US population.