bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Shifting perspectives: One year into the development of the British Psychological Society Special Group in Coaching Psychology in the UK
Authors: Whybrow Alison , Palmer Stephen 
Published: January 2023

Objectives:This paper presents the findings from a follow-up survey exploring the practice and opinions of the membership of the Special Group in Coaching Psychology (SGCP).Design:The study was cross sectional in design.Method:This survey of Coaching Psychologists was conducted in December, 2005, 12 months after the formation of the SGCP. The survey focused on psychologists’ practice as coaches and their views on a number of relevant issues such as the necessary training and experience to practise as a coaching psychologist.Results:Building on the work of two previous surveys (see Whybrow & Palmer, 2006), there are many consistencies with these earlier surveys and some interesting shifts. More psychologists are identifying coaching as a formal, albeit part-time, aspect of their practice. There was a desire for the SGCP to build and maintain a strong presence in the broader coaching arena, and to promote the value that psychology brings to this field of practice. The issue of flexible, inclusive methods of accreditation were a specific focus. Indeed, this area of emerging tensions is captured by the desire on the one hand for a formal qualifications route to demonstrate competence as a coaching psychologist, and on the other the desire for informality and openness captured by the SGCP currently.Conclusions:The outcome of this third survey of the perspectives of coaching psychologists highlights some trends that are ongoing, and points to the first significant challenge for the practice of Coaching Psychology in the UK as the demand for accreditation and recognition increases.
Enhancing goal self-concordance through coaching
Authors: Burke Daniel , Linley P. Alex 
Published: January 2023

Objectives:Research shows that self-concordant goals are more readily pursued, better achieved, and their attainment can lead to increases in well-being. This study assesses whether executive coaching in turn affects self-concordance.Design:We hypothesised that the heightened awareness produced by coaching leads to changes in self-concordance (type of motivation) and commitment (a measure of the amount of motivation). A single group design with repeated measures was used.Method:26 participants – all senior managers in business – identified three goals and then received a one-to-one coaching session focused on one goal, but received no coaching on the remaining goals.Results:The hypothesis was supported, with significant changes (increases) in self-concordance and commitment for the coached goal. There were also significant increases in self-concordance and commitment for some of the other non-coached goals.Conclusion:These results are discussed with reference to the goal attainment and coaching literature, and suggestions made for further research.
Optimistic managers and their influence on productivity and employee engagement in a technology organisation: Implications for coaching psychologists
Authors: Arakawa Dana , Greenberg Margaret 
Published: January 2023

Objectives:Executive coaches are often involved in working with executive managers. The objective of this study is to investigate whether teams are more engaged and productive when led by an optimistic manager. Furthermore, we hypothesise that optimistic managers embody positive leadership – employing a strengths-based approach, maintaining a positive perspective, and frequently providing recognition and encouragement – which increases the engagement and productivity of their employees.Design:The study used a cross-sectional survey design at two time points.Method:The researchers developed a survey to measure this concept of positive leadership. In addition, two measures were used: the Life Orientation Test Revised (LOT-R) to measure optimism and the Gallup Organisation’s Q12to measure engagement.Results:In a cross-sectional study of 86 employees and 17 managers in an Information Technology (IT) organisation, positive leadership correlated with employee optimism, engagement, and project performance. When we looked at a subset of this data prospectively, with 39 employees and 14 managers, manager optimism predicted project performance.Conclusions:Our data support the claim that positive leadership is correlated with employee engagement and performance, and further extends the importance of optimism in the workplace. Coaching implications are also discussed, in terms of exploring how coaching psychologists can work with executives to develop their managerial style.
The coaching relationship:An interpretative phenomenological analysis
Authors: Gyllensten Kristina , Palmer Stephen 
Published: January 2023

Objectives:There is a lack of research on the coaching relationship (O’Broin & Palmer, 2006a). The current paper will present the findings from a qualitativstudy that explored experiences of workplace coaching including the coaching relationship.Design:The study adopted a qualitative design and the data was analysed by Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (Smith, Jaraman, & Osborn, 1999).Methods:Nine participants, from two large organisations, were interviewed about their experiences of coaching.Results:‘The coaching relationship’ was identified as a main theme which, in turn, comprised of three sub-themes; valuable coaching relationship; trust; and transparency. These themes highlighted that the coaching relationship was very valuablefor the participants and that this relationship was dependent on trust and improved by transparency.Conclusions:It was concluded that it is important that coaches are aware of, and are working with, the coaching relationship. Nevertheless, the participants also highlighted that the relationship was not the only factor that made coaching useful. Working towards goals and improving performance were also valuable components of the coaching. It was, therefore, suggested that coaching may be most beneficial if it incorporates a number of components, including a focus on the relationship.
Assessing the efficacy of Authentic Leadership group-coaching
Authors: Fusco Tony , O’Riordan Siobhain , Palmer Stephen 
Published: January 2023

Introduction:National survey data from the US suggests that over the last decade there has been a growing crisis in confidence in business and political leadership, which is possibly one reason for the increased scientific research into the emerging field of Authentic Leadership – AL. Much evidence is starting to accumulate into both a conceptualisation of AL and its potential organisational benefits. However, what seems slow to follow is a scientific approach to Authentic Leadership Development – ALD. This study reports on the efficacy of one particular form of ALD, namely authentic leadership group-coaching.Design:Five 3-month long group-coaching interventions were run over a period of two years and a repeated measures design was employed to evaluate whether these AL coaching groups had an impact on the scores of two scientifically validated AL measures; the Authentic Leadership Questionnaire (ALQ) and the Authentic Leadership Inventory (ALI).Results:Analysis of the ALQ and ALI results found significant differences in the scores of both of these instruments. ALQ: t(24)=2.83, p<.009 & ALI: t(24)=3.84, p<.001.Conclusion:It was therefore concluded that the relatively short-term Authentic Leadership coaching group is an effective form of Authentic Leadership Development.
A TEAM Model of challenge: Coaching individuals in organisations to meet their challenges
Authors: de Prez Phillip J. 
Published: January 2023

Objectives:The objective of this study was to discover the individual’s beliefs surrounding challenge in a team based setting and to examine the notion of challenge in depth by investigating the complexity of components that constitutes what challenge means to the individual.Design:A qualitative approach was taken utilising Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis to explore and describe in the participants’ own words how they view and make sense of challenge as a key motivation.Methods:The study took place in a university in North Wales with fourteen participants. Part of the inclusion process was to ensure that all participants had or have experience of working in organisations with a strong team based work structure.Results:From the study four themes emerged and together these areas form a new definition of challenge which states that challenge is not a singular construct but comprises numerous components which together are grouped into four distinct elements. The model comprises a Temporal component of challenge, an Emotive component of challenge, an Achievable component of challenge and a Motivational component of challenge (TEAM).Conclusion:By taking the findings of this study into consideration it is suggested that coaching psychology interventions can be implemented which will benefit both the organisation and employee.
Executive coaching and national culture in the United Arab Emirates: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis
Authors: Dodds Graham , Grajfoner Dasha 
Published: January 2023

ObjectivesThis study explores the interaction between national culture and coaching methods that executive coaches use in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The objective is to develop understanding regarding whether executive coaches varied methods or approaches depending upon a coaching recipient being an Expatriate or a UAE National citizen.DesignThe research took place in the UAE, using semi-structured interviews with four participants. The participants were executive coaches with experience and understanding of different approaches and methods used in coaching psychology practice.MethodsA qualitative method of data collection and analysis, Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA), was used to examine the lived experience and making sense of rich individual narratives. The double-hermeneutic approach of IPA generated understanding via interpretation of the participant’s perceptions.ResultsCultural Values, Business Environment and Approach and Methods were three themes that emerged from the study. National culture is a significant feature of life in the UAE, is omnipresent in the complex, multicultural business environment and manifests itself in differences of cultural values and dimensions. Whilst national culture is important, it is only one of many layers that shape an individual. Participants prioritise and customise their coaching approach based upon the coachee as an individual and their current contextual situation. Only small differences are identifiable in the utility of certain coaching methods due to national culture, however, the approach to coaching is adjusted to address higher expectations of direction, different motivational factors, different value systems and the higher emphasis on relationships and trust amongst Emiratis.
The need for neuro-linguistic programming to develop greater construct validity
Authors: Grimley Bruce 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis paper tracks a practitioner’s journey through his attempts to understand the nature of neuro-linguistic programming (NLP). It draws from the author’s self-study, being both a master NLP trainer and a chartered psychologist and also from the author’s own PhD research, (Grimley, 2016) which explicitly asked the question ‘What is NLP?’ The author discusses the importance of finding an answer to this question should NLP as a field, and its application to coaching specifically, wish to validate its modality. Taking from psychometric literature the idea of construct validity, the author concludes that NLP needs to develop a more well defined and standardised definition as well as a more well defined and standardised certificated training route to NLP practitioner before it can usefully answer the question does NLP coaching work in a predictive way? The paper acknowledges and signposts the reader to the important work currently undertaken by the NLP Leadership Summit in this respect. The style of this paper is oriented towards an Action Research paradigm where ‘reflection in action and reflection on that reflection in action’ (McNiff & Whitehead, 2000, p.2) is regarded as an appropriate research protocol to produce valid knowledge for consideration, especially when adopting an insider perspective as was recommended for research into NLP by Einspruch and Forman (1985).
The evidence for NLP
Authors: de Rijk Lisa , Derks Lucas A.C. , Grimley Bruce , Hollander Jaap 
Published: January 2023

After 45 years of strong development, global application and ongoing criticism, the contours of what constitutes NLP remain vague, to insiders and outsiders alike. NLP experts use more or less different definitions and criteria for the tools, techniques and foundation principles of NLP. This situation has made it nearly impossible to satisfy the request for research evidence of NLP’s effectiveness in coaching.The purpose of this paper therefore is to commence a discussion of the challenges facing NLP in gaining legitimacy as a coaching approach without an evidence base. The paper critiques the extant literature on NLP coaching, and briefly reviews wider literature of NLP evidence in other contexts, notably the therapy world. This paper offers a summary of and critique of a recent Delphi Poll conducted to identify which of the tools, techniques and theoretical frameworks are considered to be NLP. The paper discusses the challenges for NLP evidencing its effectiveness in coaching and proposes empirical outcome based research utilising the core principles, skills, tools and techniques that have gained consensus in this Delphi Poll.
Family life coaching: A growing practice
Authors: Allen Kimberly I. , Machara Margaret , Baker Tara C. 
Published: January 2023

ObjectivesFamily Life Coaching (FLC) is a growing, evidence-based practice for families that has grown in literature and numbers. However, there is a deficit of research describing theoretical foundations, competencies, and processes of those practicing FLC.DesignThis study sought to further understand and define FLC through qualitative case study inquiry using semi-structured interviews with 14 family life coaches across the US.ResultsThe results suggest that FLC has theoretical underpinnings in family science and coaching psychology. Competencies of FLC include support, listening skills, client-centred approach, effective help giving, and translational skills. The FLC process mirrors those used in coaching psychology. Additionally, results suggested a strong desire for unified professionalism, rigor, and training standards amongst practicing family life coaches; as well as a desire for business practice knowledge, such as marketing.ConclusionThis study provides a pragmatic examination of FLC with practical recommendations for those coaching on family life issues.
Listening to your heart or head? – An interpretative phenomenological analysis of how people experienced making good career decisions
Authors: Pop Gabriela Viorela , van Nieuwerburgh Christian 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveThis study aims at building some knowledge concerning the connection between the decision-making process and the career-related outcomes. This knowledge is to help coaches to engage an efficient coaching process to provide the best support for clients with career decision-making problems. It examines the experience on the thinking processes undergone by eight people, in relation to their career choices which are subjectively perceived as ‘good decisions’.DesignBased on the social constructivism paradigm, it is a qualitative research design.MethodsSemi-structured interviews were used for data collection and interpretative phenomenological analysis for data examination.ResultsFour main themes emerged: ‘Emotional connection’ and positive feelings; Serendipity; Inside battle; Congruence between heart and head.ConclusionsThe decision-making process is perceived as a positive, easy and ‘smooth’ experience when the emotional and rational thinking align. Participants’ own conclusions converge on the importance of one being aware of both inner voices – head’s and heart’s. Being a new research topic, it requires further exploration, through qualitative and quantitative studies, as well. Specific implications and directions for future research are discussed.
Coaching vulnerable youths for positive change: A coaching relationship model for promoting adolescent interpersonal relationships with trusted adults
Authors: Choaibi Rachid , Lomas Tim 
Published: January 2023

Objective:Despite the growing research in Coaching Psychology, there is little literature on the psychology of coaching adolescents within community settings. This study aimed to explore youth work practitioner experiences to gain insights into how vulnerable adolescents are supported in their emotional wellbeing within the domain of Coaching Psychology.Methods:The study explored, through semi-structured interviews with 13 qualified youth practitioners how emotional wellbeing may be promoted in adolescents within existing positive development and Coaching Psychology theoretical frameworks.Results:The findings, using Grounded Theory methods presents a Holding-Containing-Attunement Coaching Model that conceptualises the coaching relationship processes for promoting an authentic, communicative environment to enhance adolescent interpersonal relationships with trusted adults. The emotions-focused model informs a coaching relationship framework based on the environment provided by participants (holding), their way of being (containing) and perceived emotions-related outcomes (attunement).Discussion:The Model forms the basis of a framework for promoting emotional wellbeing in adolescents and an emerging Emotional Attunement theory on the coaching relationship that can be further researched and used to coach positive adolescent development.Conclusions:The findings of this study go some way to addressing the gap in current adolescent coaching research, and provides valuable insights into the understudied area of Coaching Psychology within community settings. The Holding-Containing-Attunement Model and Emotional Attunement theory makes a significant contribution to the discussion on the need for a dedicated theory on the coaching relationship.
The role of the non-disabled researcher in researching disability
Authors: Sullivan Heather 
Published: January 2023

What follows is an account of how I, a part-time doctoral student researching in the field of learning disability, am attempting to position myself and my work within a particular discourse, and how this problematises my role as researcher.First I will outline my understanding of how different paradigms have particular models of disability and how they highlight different issues as to the role of the researcher in disability research. The debatably particular position of intellectual impairment within disability will be considered. I will scrutinise my own intended research and my role as a non-disabled researcher into disability. I will then examine the work of Hausstratter (2004) as a possible solution to the paradigmatic dilemma. Finally I will look at some studies where a combination of paradigms and methods have been adopted.
Student teachers’ perceptions of cyberbullying in schools
Authors: Kyriacou Chris , Issitt John 
Published: January 2023

ObjectivesThis study aimed to explore the perceptions of student teachers regarding cyberbullying in schools of pupils by other pupils. Despite the growth of research on cyberbullying in schools and the development of practice in schools to deal with cyberbullying, our understanding of this phenomenon still needs to address more clearly the complexities involved.DesignStudent teachers are largely in their early 20s and are of an age to have been through the school system as pupils at a time when cyberbullying was becoming common and widespread, and will themselves soon be dealing with cyberbullying in schools as newly appointed teachers. The design of this study comprised a questionnaire survey of the views held by student teachers to inform our understanding of cyberbullying in schools and how best to deal with it.MethodsThe questionnaire explored the views of 97 student teachers regarding the motives that underpin cyberbullying and the strategies that could help reduce cyberbullying, together with a final open-ended question seeking the student teachers’ wider views.ResultsA quantitative analysis of their responses to the 20 rating-scale items and a qualitative analysis of their responses to the open-ended question, indicated that these student teachers viewed the main motive for cyberbullying as the cyberbully enjoying the exercise of power, and that the most effective strategy to reduce cyberbullying was to include cyberbullying in lessons on e-safety.ConclusionsThe views held by student teachers on cyberbullying reported here have important implications for school practice, teacher education and the professional development needs of newly appointed teachers.
What happens to psychological depth in brief-term therapy with trainee integrative therapists?
Authors: Evans Magda 
Published: January 2023

Aim:A qualitative research project to explore how clients experienced their short-term therapy and the therapeutic relationship with trainee integrative practitioners; focusing on capturing clients’ unarticulated thoughts, feelings, transferences and interactions (i.e. psychological depth).Method:IPA was chosen as it looks for em bodied, experiential meanings and uses a systematic analysis to examine in detail how individuals make sense of a phenomenon. Face-to-face semi-structured interviews were conducted individually with clients who had recently ended their therapy at a low-cost counselling agency. An ‘object-tray’ of miniature objects was used in each interview to facilitate access to clients’ intrapsychic processes and metaphorical thinking.Findings:Clients entered therapy with wide-ranging fears and doubts that linked to negative, defensive and resistant behaviour, however, if they overcame their fears their commitment and collaboration in therapy increased. Findings also illustrate how clients reflected upon their therapy and therapeutic relationships. Three superordinate themes emerged: Therapy as dangerous; Feeling safe and understood; Journeying together for personal discovery and change.Implications:The impact of this study could influence assessment procedures, counselling services, therapeutic practice and trainings by helping assessors and therapists develop their skills in addressing client fears and aid understanding of the underlying reasons for drop-outs. This study emphasises the need for therapists to surface and attend to client fears and to obtain client feedback both early on and continually throughout the course of therapy and for therapists to work collaboratively according to clients’ needs and wants.
The (almost) irresistible tendency to de-humanise human practices — and how to re-humanise them again
Authors: Shotter John 
Published: January 2023

‘…the mass dehumanisation which characterises our time, the simplification of sensibility, homogenisation of experience, attenuation of the capacity for experience [currently at work in our societies] continues apace. Of all fields in the community of scholarship, it should be psychology which combats this trend. Instead, we have played no small role in augmenting and supporting it.’(Koch, 1964, p.37)‘The typical distinguishing marks of [this] kind of thinking [is that it is] focused on a ready-made and, so to speak, arrested individual… Characteristically, what undergoes systematisation is usually (if not exclusively) someone else’s thought. True creators – the initiators of new ideological trends — are never formalistic systematisers. Systematisation comes upon the scene during an age which feels itself in command of a ready-made and handed-down body of authoritative thought… Orientation in the dynamic flow of generative process can never be of the formal, systematising kind.’(Voloshinov, 1986, p.78)