bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Closer to the senses in post-pandemic teacher training – Reclaiming the body in online educational encounters
Authors: Martín-Bylund Anna , Stenliden Linnea 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study qualitatively examines synchronous online encounters in Swedish teacher education, learning from the distance and hybrid mode triggered by the Covid-19 pandemic, conceptualized as emergency remote teaching. The separation of bodies in such online teacher education challenges participants’ sensory involvement and how they can be “present” to one another. The aim of this study is to scrutinize body-sensory dimensions of presence to enlighten online encounters in teacher training in circumstances of emergency remote teaching, as well as in contemporary and future online teacher education, generally. Online encounters were documented by video recordings during online seminars and lectures, and by diary entries and focus groups with eight teacher educators and their students. With inspiration from a posthumanist problematization of communication and post-qualitative methodology, the analytical process puts the concepts alterity and attunement to work with the data. Results show that online teaching encounters provides an altered body-sensory situation to which participants sensorily attune in different ways, bringing both positive, and troublesome affects. Different sensory attunements further involve exploiting some body-sensory dimensions (i.e. vision) when others are concealed. When performing teacher training of all levels through emergency remote teaching/online teacher education, awareness of how the material setting of online encounters affects the body and thus the didactic conditions for building meaningful relationships in the study environment, is important. Since the lived body has a key role in teachers’ professional becoming, the study suggests a critical, creative consideration of its full sensory, along with further, qualitative expansion of online teacher education.
What does it mean to have an equal say?
Authors: Kapelner Zsolt 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDemocracy is the form of government in which citizens have an equal say in political decision-making. But what does this mean precisely? Having an equal say is often defined either in terms of equal power to influence political decision-making or in terms of appropriate consideration, i.e., as a matter of attributing appropriate deliberative weight to citizens’ judgement in political decision-making. In this paper I argue that both accounts are incomplete. I offer an alternative view according to which having an equal say is having a say as an equal. That is, having an equal say is to be defined in terms of citizens’ occupying a role of political decision-makers, i.e., the political office of the democratic co-ruler of the polity, such that no citizen is a secondary or auxiliary decision-maker; they rule together as equals. This view aligns with the traditional understanding of democracy as rule by the people while providing a coherent conceptual framework for specifying what it means for democratic citizens to have an equal say which incorporates the strengths of alternative accounts and overcomes some of their challenges.
A discretization of Holst’s action for general relativity
Authors: Beltrán Carlos E. , Zapata José A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe present a simplicial model for gravity written in terms of a discretized Lorentz connection and a discretized tetrad field. The continuum limit of its action is Holst’s action for general relativity. With the intention of using it to construct spin foam modes for quantum gravity, we write two other equivalent models written in terms of a discretized and constrained B field. The differences between our model and existing models are most likely inessential in the sense that a quantization would lead to equivalent quantum theories in the Wilsonian continuum limit. Nevertheless, we mention two features leading to possible advantages: Curvature degrees of freedom are described at the level of each 4-simplex. Our model offers a picture of bulk geometry leading to actions for matter couplings that split as a sum over 4-simplices.
Investigating PhDs’ early career occupational outcomes in Italy: individual motivations, role of supervisor and gender differences
Authors: Carriero Renzo , Coda Zabetta Massimiliano , Geuna Aldo , Tomatis Francesca 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe paper examines how individual motivations, the role of the supervisor and gender influence the early career path of doctorate holders. We investigate PhD graduates’ occupational outcomes beyond academia in the framework of current literature on the oversupply of PhD holders and labor market constraints. Our analysis relies on two unique datasets. The first, at the national level, includes microdata from the Italian National Institute of Statistics regarding about 41,000 graduates who account for over 70% of the population of 6 cohorts surveyed for the period 2004–2014. The other dataset is from a single university, and resulted from an original survey of 760 PhD holders who earned their doctorates from the University of Turin in 2007–2017. We find that PhD holders’ motivation towards science is associated with their subsequent employment in academia or in other research and non-research jobs. Sponsoring support in early career and the supervisor’s propensity for basic research also play a role in the future academic career path. Gender differences in type of occupation, however, continue to persist even taking motivations and the supervisor’s role into account.
Labor share as an "automatic stabilizer" of income inequality
Authors: Bises Bruno , Bloise Francesco , Scialà Antonio 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe provide a new and unexplored explanation of the relationship between the functional and personal distribution of income. By proposing a simple theoretical framework, we show that, in the noncomprehensive personal income tax (PIT) hypothesis (i.e., when some or all capital income items are excluded from the PIT base), the correlation between disposable and market income inequality depends on the labor share level, which may influence the overall effectiveness of the tax-benefit system in addition to the PIT progressivity. We test our hypothesis using panel data on 33 OECD countries from 2000 to 2017 and find that a 10-pp increase in labor share is related to a 0.06 reduction in the correlation between market and disposable income inequality. This significant result obtained after controlling for country and year fixed effects, country-specific linear trends, and several confounders capturing the characteristics of the tax-benefit system suggests that labor share may act as an "automatic stabilizer" of market income inequality. Relevant implications for tax policy concern the role of the PIT's base for the public budget's overall redistributive effect.
An Innovative Selective Fluorescence Sensor for Quantification of Hazardous Food Colorant Allura Red in Beverages Using Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Quantum Dots
Authors: Salman Baher I. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAn innovative simple, sensitive, and selective method has been developed and validated for quantification of hazardous Allura red (AR, E129) dye in beverages. Allura red (AR) is a synthetic dye that is commonly used in the food industry to give foods a bright and appealing color. The method is based on microwave-assistant nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots (N@CQDs) from a very cheap source with a high quantum yield equal to (36.60%). The mechanism of the reaction is based on an ion-pair association complex between AR and nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots (N@CQDs) at pH 3.2. The reaction between AR and N@CQDs led to a quenching effect of the fluorescence intensity of N@CQDs at 445 nm after excitation at 350 nm. Moreover, the quantum method’s linearity covered the range between 0.07 and 10.0 µg mL− 1 with a regression coefficient is 0.9992. The presented work has been validated by ICH criteria. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), X-ray photon spectroscopy (XPS), Zeta potential measurements, fluorescence, UV-VIS, and FTIR spectroscopy have all been used to fully characterize of the N@CQDs. The N@CQDs were successfully utilized in different applications (beverages) with high accuracy.
Determination of Maximum Accuracy of Concrete Textures as Natural Targets for Movement Tracking Through DIC
Authors: Ferrer B , Tomás M. B. , Mas D. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe use of natural targets is one of the obstacles to the extensive use of digital image cross-correlation for measuring movements in civil structures. Long distance measurement through image and without access to the structure itself, brings results in an improvement in accessibility, being the procedure cheaper and safer than common methods that require direct access to the measuring point. One of the most used materials in construction is concrete. Therefore, it is important to analyze its performance when using image cross-correlation. In this work, we have made a series of concrete probes with different production characteristics to have a representative variety of concrete surfaces. With them, we have studied their floor error in a cross-correlation procedure using different illumination and blur conditions, to evaluate the influence of those parameters on the results. All results are compared to those obtained using the conventional texture for image cross-correlation techniques, that is a pseudo-speckle target. All experiments are done in laboratory conditions to control all variables involved and to avoid the influence of other variables linked to open air conditions, such as atmospheric disturbances. As a result, we have determined the best conditions to use the natural concrete texture and we have quantified that using this texture leads to a decrease in the accuracy of the results from two to three times the one obtained with a typical pseudo-speckle texture.
Weather, climate change, and transport: a review
Authors: Gössling Stefan , Neger Christoph , Steiger Robert , Bell Rainer 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTransportation is affected by weather and extreme weather events, and there is evidence that heatwaves, heavy precipitation, storms, wildfires, and floods increasingly affect transport infrastructures, operations, and travel behavior. Climate change is expected to reinforce this trend, as mean weather parameters change, and the frequency and intensity of extreme events increases. This paper summarizes interrelationships of weather and transport for different transport modes from both supply and demand side perspectives on the basis of a literature review. To further explore the complexity of these interrelationships, it also evaluates news items (n = 839) in a sample of global media news outlets covering the world and population-dense world regions. Results confirm that extreme events have become disruptive of transport systems at the micro and macro scale, also affecting transport behavior. There are implications for environment, economy, technology, health, and society. Interrelationships are illustrated and discussed: Climatic impact drivers can be expected to increase transport vulnerabilities and risks, and have relevance for transport planning and adaptation.
Data assimilation method for improving the global spatiotemporal predictions of epidemic dynamics yielded by an ensemble Kalman filter and Metropolis–Hastings sampling
Authors: Liu Feng , Nie Xiaowei , Wu Adan , Zhao Zebin , Ma Chunfeng , Ning Lijin , Zhu Yajie , Wang Liangxu , Guo Xuejun , Li Xin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAssimilating the latest epidemic data can improve the predictions of epidemic dynamics compared with those using only dynamic models. However, capturing the nonlinear spatiotemporal heterogeneity remains challenging. We propose a data assimilation method to simultaneously update the parameters and states with respect to their spatiotemporal variation intervals by (1) developing a susceptible-infected-removed-vaccinated model by considering vaccination strategy and quarantine periods and (2) assimilating real-time epidemic data using an ensemble Kalman filter for daily updates of the state variables and Metropolis–Hastings sampling for weekly parameter estimation. Synthetic experiments and a WebGIS-based global prediction system demonstrate the sufficient nowcasting accuracy of this method. An analysis of the system outcomes shows that modeling vaccination details, embedding reasonable model and observation errors, using up-to-date parameters, and avoiding the prediction of sporadic cases can increase the correlation coefficient and coefficient of determination by more than 31.35% and 161.19%, respectively, and decrease the root mean square error by more than 54.17%. Our prediction system has been working well for more than 700 days. Its worldwide nowcasting accuracies have been continuously improved, where the overall correlation coefficients, coefficient of determination, and threat percent score exceed 0.7, 0.5 and 65%, respectively. The proposed method lays promising groundwork for the real-time spatiotemporal prediction of infectious diseases.
Resultant moral luck and the scope of moral responsibility
Authors: Rolffs Matthias 
Published: June 2023

AbstractResultant moral luck occurs whenever aspects of an agent’s moral responsibility are affected by luck pertaining to the outcomes of their actions. Many authors reject the existence of moral luck in this sense, but they do so in different ways. Michael Zimmerman argues that resultant luck affects the scope of moral responsibility, but not its degree. That is, it affects what agents are responsible for, but not how responsible they are. Andrew Khoury takes a more resolute approach, arguing that both the scope and the degree of moral responsibility are free from resultant luck.In this paper, I criticize both accounts and develop an alternative. I argue, first, that Khoury’s approach leads to an implausibly far-reaching error-theory about moral responsibility. Second, Zimmerman’s account cannot account for all the ways in which moral responsibility comes in degrees. Third, these problems can be overcome by introducing a distinction between two concepts of responsibility that both come with scope and degree. The first concept I call internal responsibility, as it applies exclusively to agent-internal factors. The second concept I call external responsibility, as it applies to (partly) agent-external factors such as actions and their outcomes. Given this distinction, we can avoid the problems of Khoury’s as well as Zimmerman’s accounts while preserving the central intuition behind the rejection of resultant moral luck.
Effects of spring wheat / faba bean mixtures on early crop development
Authors: Paul Madhuri R. , Demie Dereje T. , Seidel Sabine J. , Döring Thomas F. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Aims
Intercropping cereals and grain legumes has the potential to increase grain yield in comparison to the respective sole crops, but little is known about mixture effects at the early crop developmental stage. In cereal legume mixtures, the cereal is usually the dominating partner. We aimed to find out when domination starts, which factors may enhance early domination, and if there is a legacy effect of early domination on later growth stages.

Methods
We set up field trials at a low input conventional site in 2020 and an organic site in 2020 and 2021. Treatments included all possible monocultures and 1:1 mixtures of twelve spring wheat (SW) entries, and two faba bean (FB) cultivars. All combinations were each sown in two sowing densities. To measure the effect of the mixture on early crop development, we counted crop emergence (plant m-2) at ~ 23 days after sowing (DAS) and crop biomass dry matter at ~ 52 and ~ 82 DAS.

Results
We found positive mixture effects on SW emergence at the conventional site and on SW and FB emergence at the organic site in 2021. Spring wheat was the dominating partner in all three environments; SW domination, without suppressing FB, was already noticed at emergence at the conventional site. There, a small head start of SW at emergence favored dominance at later growth stages and lead to superiority over FB in terms of plant biomass.

Conclusions
Understanding early dominancy as observed here may help managing competition in mixture to enhance complementarity and improve productivity.
Non-rigid point cloud registration for middle ear diagnostics with endoscopic optical coherence tomography
Authors: Liu Peng , Golde Jonas , Morgenstern Joseph , Bodenstedt Sebastian , Li Chenpan , Hu Yujia , Chen Zhaoyu , Koch Edmund , Neudert Marcus , Speidel Stefanie 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Purpose

Middle ear infection is the most prevalent inflammatory disease, especially among the pediatric population. Current diagnostic methods are subjective and depend on visual cues from an otoscope, which is limited for otologists to identify pathology. To address this shortcoming, endoscopic optical coherence tomography (OCT) provides both morphological and functional in vivo measurements of the middle ear. However, due to the shadow of prior structures, interpretation of OCT images is challenging and time-consuming. To facilitate fast diagnosis and measurement, improvement in the readability of OCT data is achieved by merging morphological knowledge from ex vivo middle ear models with OCT volumetric data, so that OCT applications can be further promoted in daily clinical settings.

Methods

We propose C2P-Net: a two-staged non-rigid registration pipeline for complete to partial point clouds, which are sampled from ex vivo and in vivo OCT models, respectively. To overcome the lack of labeled training data, a fast and effective generation pipeline in Blender3D is designed to simulate middle ear shapes and extract in vivo noisy and partial point clouds.

Results

We evaluate the performance of C2P-Net through experiments on both synthetic and real OCT datasets. The results demonstrate that C2P-Net is generalized to unseen middle ear point clouds and capable of handling realistic noise and incompleteness in synthetic and real OCT data.

Conclusions

In this work, we aim to enable diagnosis of middle ear structures with the assistance of OCT images. We propose C2P-Net: a two-staged non-rigid registration pipeline for point clouds to support the interpretation of in vivo noisy and partial OCT images for the first time. Code is available at: https://gitlab.com/nct_tso_public/c2p-net.
Improving the Interparticle Bonding and Ductility of Cold Sprayed Aluminum Alloys by Deformation Processing
Authors: Özsaygılı Özüm , Huang Huang , Ando Teiichi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCold spray (CS) can produce thick coatings and free-standing bulk materials and is adaptable to additive manufacturing, including on-site repair. However, the structural applications of CS materials have been limited by the inherently incomplete interparticle metallurgical bonding in CS materials. In this work, an ultrasonic washing test (UWT) was used to semi-quantitatively assess the extent of interparticle bonding in CS Al6061 and CS Al2024 in relation to key CS parameters and post-CS deformation processing. Results indicate that spraying with a lighter gas or a softer powder promotes the interparticle bonding, although full metallurgical bonding is hardly achieved even by spraying at high deposition efficiencies. Sprayed particles remain in the deposit only because they acquire partial bonding that is sufficient to prevent them from bouncing off. Post-CS rolling and T6 heat treatment increase the interparticle bonding and hence ductility of CS Al alloys. Ultrasonic ironing (UI), a new post-CS deformation processing technique, also produces similar effects. The increased interparticle bonding by post-CS deformation processing arise from fragmentation of oxide layers inherited from powder particle surfaces and consequent metal-to-metal joining at the particle boundaries.
How do firms value sales career paths?
Authors: Keshavarz Ali Reza , Rouzies Dominique , Kramarz Francis , Quelin Bertrand , Segalla Michael 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSales employees can build their careers across industries, firms, and occupations. Yet it is unclear how their sales career paths affect their compensation. To assess the value of their experience, we examine the paychecks drawn by nearly 25,000 sales employees over 22 years. Consistent with our arguments, we find that firms place greater value on sales managers' experience than salespeople’s, reflecting the multiplier effect attributed to managers. In particular, sales occupation experience seems to be the most salient type of experience for both groups, as it is fungible across industries and firms. We uncover two distinct paths in sales organizations: the salesperson’s career path rewarding sales experience and another path providing promotional prospects in sales. Analyses indicate that most newly promoted sales managers have no sales experience and move laterally from other managerial positions. Implications of our findings for research and sales-compensation practice are discussed.
Activation maps of convolutional neural networks as a tool for brain degeneration tracking in early diagnosis of dementia in Parkinson’s disease based on magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Suwalska Aleksandra , Siuda Joanna , Kocot Szymon , Zmuda Weronika , Rudzinska-Bar Monika , Polanska Joanna 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIdentification of Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients at risk for development of dementia is crucial for early intervention. However, diagnosing dementia in PD patients requires the use of a time-consuming and complex battery of psychological tests performed by an experienced psychologist. The study aims to prove the usefulness of convolutional neural networks for the identification of brain areas related to the progress of cognitive impairment by using standard magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences. T1 & T2 sequences of 18 patients were used in the pilot study. Activation maps were generated, and the brain regions most involved in the classification process were identified, showing areas potentially significant in the diagnosis of cognitive impairment severity. The cerebellum was proven significant for distinguishing the above-mentioned classes in relative cerebellum volume (ANOVA p value = 0.0038 with large effect size $$\eta ^{2}$$

η
2

= 0.5254) and folding (p value = 0.0031, $$\eta ^{2}$$

η
2

= 0.5357), which is consistent with reports by other authors. Our analysis demonstrates that convolutional neural networks combined with a proper image preprocessing pipeline could be used for feature extraction in MRI sequences and can successfully support the identification of disease-specific abnormalities of the brain image.
Recent Advances in MercuryDPM
Authors: Thornton Anthony R. , Plath Timo , Ostanin Igor , Götz Holger , Bisschop Jan-Willem , Hassan Mohamed , Roeplal Raïsa , Wang Xiuqi , Pourandi Sahar , Weinhart Thomas 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this paper we introduce the open-source code MercuryDPM: a code for simulating discrete particles. The paper discusses software and management issues that may be interesting for the developers of other open-source codes. Then we review the new features that have been added since the last publication: an improved Hertz-Mindlin model; a new liquid bridge model of Lian and Seville; a droplet-spray model; better support for re-creating complex, measured particle size distributions; a new implementation of rigid clumps; an implementation of elastic membranes; a wear model for walls; a soft-kill feature and a cloud-deployment interface for AWS.