bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection of biofilm formation among the mastitis isolates of Staphylococci by evaluation of three different screening methods
Authors: Fiadh Hadeel M. 
Published: August 2023

Internalization and biofilm formation is an important step in staphylococcal mastitis pathogenesis . Twenty five staphylococcal isolates of coagulase negative and coagulase positive were collected from clinical mastitis in cows, and biofilm production were studied for these isolate by three different methods. Tube method , tissue culture plate and Congo red agar method. The first two methods were used to study effect of glucose addition as source of polysaccharides that important in biofilm formation. The results showed significant increase in biofilm formation by addition of glucose in staphylococci coagulase negative diagnosed by tissue culture plate method. Congo red agar method results showed increase number of positive isolates by increasing incubation time. The results showed that tissue culture plate method (Spectrophotometric method) was the best method for the diagnosis of biofilm formation in comparison with both tube method and Congo red agar method.
Morphological and microscopical comparison features of Bacillus cereus isolates
Authors: Hussein Abdul-Hadi A. , Abdul A’al Nadia Ibrahim , Dfsdfs Osama Abdul-AlRazak 
Published: August 2023

Fifty seven samples of milk and infant formula were taken to isolate Bacillus cereus. There were 21.55% in milk and 22.5% in infant formula. Polymyxine pyruvate egg yolk mannitol bromothymol blue agar (PEMBA) and blood agar were conducted to grow B. cereus in this study. Colony morphology onPEMBA and Blood agar were used along with gram staining and spore staining methods to compare the morphological and microscopically features with the standard strain. The importance of intensity and severity of this organism in food poisoning due to ingestion of incriminated milk and milk products led to this study. The understanding of the presence and distribution of B. cereus discovered the contamination spots inBaghdad markets and the farms inBaghdad districts to make the authorities able to diagnose these contamination areas in order to control and prevent the infection. The aim of this study is to reveal the availability of B. cereus in milk and infant formula in the local dairy farms and the markets of the districts inBaghdad.
Role of nature and number of parturition in the incidence of uterine prolapse in dairy cows in north Iraq
Authors: Kather Nooralden Yassin 
Published: August 2023

This study was conducted in the specialized vet. clinic in reproductive diseases and artificial insemination, in Balad region in Saladin province in the northernIraq. This study included72 cows have uterine prolapse, the number of multipara cows that have uterine prolapse was 49( 68.06%). While the primipara cows with uterine prolapse were23(31.94%), with significant difference between two groups at (<0.01). This study showed that the difficult male parturitions in multipara cows was 23(71.88%)and the normal male parturitions in this group was 9(28.12%). These results were significantly difference between two groups at( p<0.01). The total percentage of uterine prolapse that accompanied the male parturitions in multi para cows was 65.31%. While the number of difficult female parturitions was 12(70.59%) in this group of cows, and the number of normal female parturitions was 5(29.41%). With significant difference at (P<0.01).and the total percentage of uterine prolapse associated with female parturition in the same cows was 34.69%. the study indicated that the number of difficult male parturitions in primipara cows was 9(69.23%), and the number of normal male parturitions was 4(30.77%) in this group of cows , with significant difference between two groups at(P<0.01).and the total percentage of uterine prolapse accompanied male parturitions in primipara was 56.53% .While the number of difficult female parturitions in primipara cows was 7(70%), and the number of normal female parturitions was 3(30%). These results were significantly difference at (P<0.01). with total percentage of uterine prolapse related to female parturitions in this group was 43.47%. Conclusion: it is concluded from this study that the number of parturitions increases the probability of incidence of uterine prolapse, hence the uterine prolapse is more commonly in multipara cows, and the dystocia for both sexes of fetus play an important role in its incidence.
Occurrence of Escherichia coli in Patients with Urinary Tract Infections in Najaf City
Authors: Fakhriddeen Ali J. 
Published: August 2023

The study was designed to determine E.coli as etiological organism for UTI in some patients & its antibiotics sensitivity pattern. The urine samples suspected with bacteriuria were collected from 130 subjects. A total of 19 isolates from E.coli were diagnosed. Susceptibility testing for 13 antimicrobials was done. The results were analyzed statistically& showed that infection rate in females was higher than males (significant ). Also infection rate in aged groups were significantly higher in 20-29 years ,& 30-39 years .Infection rate in urban individuals had complete ratio in contrast of rural individuals . Our data also revealed that infection rate in housewife women was the highest( significant ),but it was the less in other jobs. The results of sensitivity test appeared that most of used antibiotics were unaffected on E.coli isolates with exception of amikacin ,meropenem ,& ciprofloxacin respectively. Since, cefoxitin was unaffected on all E.coli isolates absolutely.
Study the effect of coloration diet on Broiler Performance
Authors: N. AL-Sharafi Nabeel M. , A. AL-Sharafi Mohammed R. , Al-Kabbi Haider tuma 
Published: August 2023

The Effect of coloration feed on body weight & feed intake of broiler chickens. The objective of the study was to investigate the colcration of the feed by uses four colours feed (red,yellow,green and blue) on the body weight & feed intake of broiler chickens A total of 50 chicks of one-day fawbro broiler chicks as hatched were divided in to 5 equal group & equal in sex and added one of colour feed in to feed of the one of group and leave tee last group as acontrol group (given anormal feed not coloration). The mean body weight of red feed group was increase (286.3) gm comparative with the mean body weight of control group & (107.9) gm between red feed group and blue food group beside red feed group , (165.8)gm between red feed group and green feed group beside red food group ,(188.1) gm between red feed group and yellow feed group beside red feed group . The mean of feed intake was increas significantly in group of red feeds over control group in all weeks of test & on colour group in more weeks of test.
Investigation of some diseases of carp at Al-Shamiya city/Iraq
Authors: Aziz Abd Alaa Abdul , Abdul wahab Hussam Muhsen 
Published: August 2023

The present study was conducted during (March,April,May,June ,July and August-2009) months to investigate some diseases infected the carp fish at Al shamiya city/Diwaniya provence,715 samples of common carp ,grass carp and silver carp were examined from local market and fish farms . The diagnosis based on case history, clinical& necropsy findings , bacterial culture and wet mount . Recorded results shows, there are 46(6.43%) cases of acute and chronic form of heamorrhagic septicemia , 57(7.97%)caeses of bacterial enteritis, 76 (10.63%)of anchor worms( Lernaea),4 (0.56%) of lice infestation, 3 (0.4%) of cestodes and 65 (9%) cases of Diplostomum spp., the total infection are 251(35.1%) from 715 investigated samples. The study showed there are diversity forms of diseases among carp spp. in which the percentage of parasitic infections is the most abundant form of diseases(20.7%) followed by diseases caused by bacterial infections (14.4%) .
Histopathological observations about the effect of pure nicotine in different doses on ovaries of albino rats
Authors: Al – Eqeely Shatha Atta 
Published: August 2023

The aim of present study was detected the effect of pure nicotine on the histological structure of rat ovaries cortex . In this study was used (24 ) good healthy adult female rats were divided into three groups each group includes (8) animals : The 1st. experimental group was injected (4) mg of pure nicotine subcutaneously ( s/c ) twice daily .The 2nd. experimental group was injected ( 8 ) mg of pure nicotine ( s/c ) twice daily , while the 3 rd. control group was injected physiological normal saline (0.9 NaCl 2). The experimental period was ( 8 ) weeks . The histopathological observations in the 1st. experimental group was appeared as follow, degenerative changes and disarrangement in the follicular cells & distribution of granulose cells in the follicular fluid .In the 2 nd. experimental group the histopathological changes was include , failure in development of the primary follicles into growing follicles & spread of granulose cells in the antrum within the follicular fluid , as well as vasculization of the follicular fluid & fibrosis was happened in some growing follicles , also the number of atretic follicles was found in the cortex of the ovary .
A study effect of age of dam and sex of birth on chemical and physical composition of milk in some farm animals
Authors: Taher N. K. , Hassan H. J. , Mohammad B. J. 
Published: August 2023

This study was carried out at AL-Qadisiya Governorate/ AL-Shinafia district during a period from July- September 2010 to evaluate the effect of age of dam and sex of birth on physico-chemical composition of milk in some farm animals(cows ,sheep and goats). by using ultra-sonic milk Analyzer to analysis of physico-chemical composition of milk. A total of (153) samples of milk were used in this study distributed in to (54) samples for cows, (53) samples for sheep and (46) samples for goats. These samples were collected from animals directly and kept in ice box during transportation to the laboratory to analysis. Results of this study showed that milk of sheep and goats didn’t differ significantly as compared with cows milk in (PH, Density, Solid not fat).But differed significantly (P˂0.05) in other components. The study revealed that sheep milk contain the highest Ash(0.74%) while cow milk had lactose (4.25%) , but goat milk had the highest solid not fat (8.27%) and protein (3.37%). The study showed that there was no significant effect of sex of birth on physico-chemical composition of milk of cows, sheep and goats with exception the effect of it on lactose percentage in sheep. Age of dam didn’t effect on most physico-chemical composition of milk of cow and goat and some chemical composition of sheep milk (Ash and Fat).
Potentiate the anticancer effect of Methotrexate by Zingiber officinale Roscoe extract
Authors: Fakhri Salar Ayad , A. Latif Abdul Razzak , Al- Khafaji Batool Amein 
Published: August 2023

This project considered an explorer study for the effect of crude extracts of Zingiber officinale on two cell lines, one was cancer cell lines, and the other was normal cell lines as well as study its potentiating effect on anti-tumor activity of methotrexate. The aqueous extract was prepared from dried rhizome of Z. officinale yields of extraction was 10%. Study the cytotoxic activity of the prepared extract on cancer cell lines mouse breast 4TI and normal cell line (human embryo kidney HEK293 in ten concentrations of two fold dilution begin with 4000 μg/ml until 7.81 μg/ml for extract and starting with 500 μg/ml until 0.976 μg/ml for methotrxate, at 48 hours of exposure. After the end of exposure of each cell lines to extract, the microtitration plates were washed and treated by crystal violet stain and the optical density of the plate wells were read by the ELISA reader at wave length of 495 nm used as parameter for the viability of cell line. The results showed that the aqueous extract exhibited significant concentration-dependent, specific inhibitory effects on 4TI malignant cell line in comparison with control and the cytotoxic effect increased according to the concentration. The extracts produced little cytotoxic effects on normal HEK293 cell line, when compared to mthotrexate which produced inhibitory effects on normal HEK293 cell line. In this study was showed that the cytotoxic effect of Methotrexat on 4TI cell line enhanced when given with Z. officinale extract together.
Study of acariasis in cattle and ticks resistance against cypermethrin in Al-Najaf province
Authors: Al-Ramahi Haider M. 
Published: August 2023

The present study was carried out at September 2010 to evaluated tick infestation of cattle in Al-Najaf province with diagnosis of cypermethrin resistance by using FAO larval packet test and modified larval packet test. The result showed that the infestation rate of acariasis was 54.34%. The identification of ticks revealed that 55.06% of collected ticks were Hayaloma spp., while the percentage of Boophilus spp. and Rhipicephalus spp. Were 31.86% and 13.08% respectively. According to site of infestation, the highest percentage was recorded in udder 45%, followed by perineal region 25%, head –neck 18% and others 7%. The LPT results showed there was no significant variation (P≤0.01) between the mortality rates of Boophilus (96.42%) and Hyaloma (96.72%) at recommended dose. In other hand, the MLPT method showed that the mortality rate of Boophilus larvae at recommended and double recommended doses were 94.82% and 98.04% respectively, while all the Hyaloma larvae were killed at the recommended dose.
Actinomycin- Production Assay: A simple Bacteriological Method For Antitumor Activity Screening In Vitro
Authors: Hussein Rajaa A. 
Published: August 2023

We present and evaluate the actinomycin-production assay, a bacterial test for detecting DNA-damaging agents as a primary step for detecting the antitumor activity of new synthesized, modified or isolated compounds. It’s a simple test based on the activity of the agents against actinomycin antibiotic production of Streptomyces antibioticus, bacteria whose value is monitored by the inhibition activity of E. coli and S. aureus bacterial growth using two standard anticancer drugs cisplatin and flurouracil. In this assay, production of actinomycin antibiotic is measured as a specific indication of the ability of an agents to directly or indirectly damage DNA and that are of potential interest in carcinogenesis and cancer chemotherapy. Because in vivo tumor test systems using mammalian cell cultures were slow and expensive, we tested a novel cytotoxicity test, simple, sensitive, inexpensive and amenable to large-scale screening using bacteria cultures, as well as, it will offer another practical application in addition to cytotoxicity screening, the assay is used for testing antibacterial of the test compounds.
Diagnostic study of coccidiossis in sheep of AL-Kufa
Authors: Abass Essa Haki Abdul 
Published: August 2023

The study were conducted on the percentage of infection of coccidiosis in 175 head of sheep in fefferents area of kuff city and evaluate the effects of age ,sex, and , season during the period from the beginning of (December 2010 to end of June 2011). Samples were collected as 94 samples of meal and 81 samples female. Sifnificant difference were recorded in the percentage infection among the different areas . the highest percent in abbassia and alhurria (85% and 82% ) while the lowest in city center and albarakia ( 76.3% and 73% )the results revealed that the overall percentage of infecting was 78.71% and higher prevalence rates were recorded in sheep less than 7 mouths of age 84.2% the result show differed significantly among different months , the highest percentage was on January and February ( 85.5% and 89.20% ) respectively.
Comparison between Cinnamoum cassia and Ocimum basilicum on some Biochemical and blood tests Rats
Authors: Diab Dina Saadoun 
Published: August 2023

This study was designed to compare the effect of Cinnamoum with basil on some biochemical and blood tests in adult rats. Twenty one adult males used in this experimental divided into three equal groups:Control group (c) : which was given normal water and food.Treatment Group (F): which was given Cinnamoum with water orally (8 g/ kg / B. W.) for 6 weeks.Treatment with basil (L): which was given aqueous extraction of basil orally (2 ml / kg / B. W.) for 6 weeks. Blood samples were taken direct from the heart in 2 , 4 , 6 weeks from experimental design to measure WBCs, Hb , Glucose , Cholesterol.The results of this study have appears that the Cinnamoum and basil play roles in decrease Glucose , Cholesterol of blood and necessary for diabetic disease and increase in WBCs, Hb.Keys: White blood cells (WBCs), Hemoglobin (Hb), Cholesterol, Glucose.
An evaluation of neurotoxic effect of metronidazole in rabbits
Authors: Al shibani Wisam Hussein , Ghelab Khalil Gazar , Naji Hala Abbas 
Published: August 2023

The present study was undertaken to assess the neurotoxic effect of metronidazole in rabbits .Eighteen rabbits were randomly divided into three equal groups ,first group was injected with metronidazole at the therapeutic dose 20 mg/kg.B.W. , second group was injected with metronidazole at double therapeutic dose where as the last group serve as a control .Each animal in all groups was administered intraperitoneally twice daily for (20) days . The evaluations markers have used in this study were monitering of clinical symptoms and determination of histopathological changes in brain and sciatic nerve. The careful observation of clinical signs ,reflexes (patellar ,cross extensor ,and papillary light) and certain responses (pupil size ,nystagmus and a menance response) in first and second group showed a remarkable nervous system dysfunction has improved by histopathological examination of brain and sciatic nerve .there were sever vacuolation in brain ,where the lesion was characterized by spongiform changes ,and degeneration of the nerve bundles in sciatic nerve were detected in rabbits treated with metronidazole at therapeutic dose ,where as there is degeneration and selective loss of parkinjii cells with sever congestion in brain as well as demylination and degeneration in sciatic nerve in rabbits treated with metronidazole at double therapeutic dose .This study revealed that metronidazole has a neurotoxic effect in rabbits (both centrally and peripherally ) with a severity depended on its dose and duration of administration.
Effects of Achillea Millifolium extract consumption by pregnant mice on pregnancy outcome and reproductive system of their female off spring
Authors: Jawad Al-Imari Mufedah Ali 
Published: August 2023

Background: Achillea millefolium (Yarrow) is medicinal plant that is traditionally used against inflammatory and spasmodic gastrointestinal compliant.Objective: To study the effect of the consumption of Achillea extract by pregnant mice on pregnancy out come and on the reproductive system of the female off spring.Materials & Methods: 70 adult pregnant female mice at age of 40-45 days were used in this study. These 70 mice were divided equally into two groups: experimental group (G1) and control group (G2). The experimental group was given 1mg/kg body weight/1ml of D.W of Achillea millefolium extract orally during 3 weeks of pregnancy, while the control group was given 1ml of D.W orally alone and for the same period. After delivery the number and weight of the litters were recorded. 40 days after delivery, the weight of the female reproductive system was estimated, histological sections were done for the ovaries and oviducts, their diameters were measured, in addition serum was taken from these mice and measurement of FSH, LH and E2 was done for both groups. Results: The results of the experimental group showed highly significant decrease in litter size and significant decrease their weight. In addition young females born from treated mothers showed significant decrease in the weight of reproductive system, diameter of ovaries and diameter of oviducts. Also, significant decrease was noticed in the level of FSH, LH and Estradiol level in the experimental group.Conclusion: Consuming of Achillea millifolium extract during pregnancy will produce bad effect on the pregnancy out come in addition to bad effect on the reproductive system of the female offspring.
Study the adverse role of histological and oxidative effects of ginger (Zingiberaceae) and cadmium chloride in liver tissue of rabbits
Authors: Al-Ameer H. A. 
Published: August 2023

In this study, was investigate the ability of Ginger to adversely histological and physiology effect of cadmium in the liver tissue of rabbit, Ginger is source of antioxidants was administered orally to prevent the adverse effects of cadmium (cd). Twenty four male rabbits were randomized into 3 groups (n = 8), were used for this study. Animals in group (1) served as the control and were drinking distilled water. Animals in groups (2) were drinking2% cadmium chloride. Group (3) animals were, in addition to drinking cadmium, treated with 250 mg/kg of ginger. All treatments were for 12 weeks. The results showed that cadmium caused a significant (p<0.05) reduction in plasma superoxide dismutase and catalase activity, but a significant increase (p<0.05) in plasma malondialdehyde concentration with histological changes in liver cell such as necrosis, hemorrhage with aggregation of some toxic spot as (black spot),protein cast with epithelial cell in group 3 comparison with control and other group , using ginger cause to modified these harmful effects. These findings lead to the conclusion that ginger significantly decreased (p<0.05) the adverse toxic harmful effects of cadmium exposure on the liver as oxidative stress.
Effect of sodium nitrate on sexual behavior of adult male rats
Authors: H. Al-babily E. O. , H. AL-kassim N. A. 
Published: August 2023

Study examined the impact of treatment adult male rats with sodium nitrate orally ,two doses( 100 and 200 mg/kg of the body weight ) and two short-term (one and two days) as well as long-term ( 30 days ) on sexual behavior of rats which include (the mounting, intermission and ejaculation) and three periods before the treatment (the first period zero).and the second period (days) and the third period (two days) and the fourth period(30 days)after treatment with nitrates .The results indicate that the treatment with sodium nitrate (100 and 200 mg/kg of body weight ) lead to significant improvement (P≤0.05)of each of the mounting , intermission and ejaculation .after the second and third period of treatment when compared with the control group ,while the treatment with sodium nitrate for along time (the fourth period 30 days)lead to significant decreases (P≤0.05) in the characteristic of sexual behavior of mounting ,intermission and ejaculation compared with the control group. The conclusion of this study indicate that the dose of sodium nitrate (200 mg/kg of the body weight) have higher influence on asexual behavior of the dose (100 mg/kg of the body weight) after short- term treatment .
Isolation of Candida sp. from sub-clinical mastitic she-camels
Authors: Abdulkadhim Mohammed H. 
Published: August 2023

The prescent study was aimed to detect the fungal sub-clinical mastitic she-camels & determined the factors that influenced on it, (7.3)% was the percent of Candida sp. Infection & these was restricted on the age (11-15) years, which increased significantly (P<0.01) when compared with (5-7) years, Also the results was showed significant increase (P<0.05) of infection during the period of lactation (0-4) months comparable with (>4-8) & same as during (>4-8) & (>8-12) months while the different was,nt significant (P>0.05) between (0-4) & (>8-12) months.