bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of nursing interventions with therapeutic play and video animations prepared with psychodrama technique in reducing fear, anxiety, and pain of children at male circumcision: A randomized controlled study
Authors: Tuncay Suat , Tüfekci Fatma Güdücü 
Published: March 2023

ObjectiveThis research was carried out to reduce the fear, anxiety and pain of 4–6 age circumcised children with therapeutic play and video animation interventions.MethodsThis research was conducted as a randomized controlled study between November 2019 and April 2021. Using block randomization, 30 (n = 30) children were assigned to the control group, 30 (n = 30) to the therapeutic puppet group and 30 (n = 30) to the video animation group. Before the circumcision surgery, therapeutic puppet and video animation interventions were applied to children with scenario prepared with psychodrama technique. Fear, anxiety, and pain findings of children before and after surgery were determined.ResultsThe fear and anxiety scores of the children were similar before the nursing intervention in all groups, and that the fear and anxiety scores of therapeutic puppet play and video animation intervention groups had statistically lower than the control group after nursing intervention. The pain scores of the children from the therapeutic puppet play and video animation groups had lower pain scores than the control group after surgery (F = 5.24, p = 0.007).ConclusionsTherapeutic play and video animation intervention can be effective in reducing fear and anxiety of children aged 4–6 before and after circumcision surgery.
Digital capability: An essential nursing skill for proficiency in a post‐COVID‐19 world
Authors: Clarke‐Darrington Jesrine , McDonald Tracey , Ali Parveen 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimWe explored the importance of digital technologies to health responses during the COVID‐19 pandemic. The benefits, challenges and barriers to developing digital capabilities are identified, and strategies to establish enduring digital proficiency among nurses and healthcare colleagues gained during the pandemic are canvassed.BackgroundSince the mid‐20th century, technology uptake by health practitioners has prioritised digital information and communication technology. The COVID‐19 pandemic accelerated the need to adapt digital communication to dangerous clinical workplaces. Organisational policies enabled digital capabilities to replace in‐person processes while preserving regulatory compliance, safety and security of patient information and staff deployment.Sources of Evidence: All evidence was accessed from publicly available sources.DiscussionThe COVID‐19 pandemic was a catalyst for implementing Technology Enhanced Care Services. Health practitioners need appropriate digital capabilities for their roles and scope of practice. Nursing proficiency includes technological skills. Combining the Jisc Digital Capability Framework and the Health and Care Digital Capabilities Framework helps nurses achieve the technical expertise needed for clinical proficiency in contemporary healthcare environments.ConclusionHealthcare workforce digital capability requires policies that resource digital technologies and individual user skills in dangerous COVID‐19 workplaces. All involved must be abreast of technological changes and monitor technology effectiveness in innovation in patient care, professional education and evidence‐based infectious disease management of healthcare systems.Implications for nursing practice and policyNurses and other practitioners in COVID‐19–compromised settings must be able to use the embedded digital technologies in patient care, clinical management and education. Policies securing resources for nurses to learn to use digital technologies will ensure that digital systems are regularly upgraded and that nurses develop proficiency in using technology in their clinical practice. Work and workplace redesign needs compatible computer systems and software to support nursing innovation and digital proficiency.
Assessment of flaws in cold‐sintered ZnO via acoustic wave speed and attenuation measurements
Authors: Jones Haley N. , Trautman Elizabeth , Maria Jon‐Paul , Trolier‐McKinstry Susan , Argüelles Andrea P. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe cold sintering process (CSP) is a low temperature processing technique that utilizes a transient phase to synthesize dense ceramics. However, some CSP parts contain microflaws that arise due to inhomogeneities in pressure, temperature, and transient phase. This work uses 20 MHz ultrasound to verify the presence of defects in CSP ZnO samples of varying densities (84%–97%). Acoustic metrics used in this work include wave speed, which is affected by differences in the effective elastic properties of the medium, and attenuation, which quantifies wave energy loss due to scattering from defects. Wave speed maps were inhomogeneous, suggesting density gradients which were verified with scanning electron microscopy. In addition, it was demonstrated that the pores produced by cold sintering are anisometric, which increases the anisotropy in the elastic properties. High attenuation regions (>300 Np/m) are present in all samples independent of relative density and correspond to defects identified in X‐ray computed tomography (XCT) which were as small as 38 µm in effective diameter. However, some high attenuation spots do not correspond to visible defects in XCT, which suggests the presence of features undetectable with XCT such as residual secondary phases at the grain boundaries.
Phase‐field simulation of microscale crack propagation/deflection in SiCf/SiC composites with weak interphase
Authors: Gao Jin , Bai Yuelei , Fan Haolong , Song Guangping , Zou Xiaocan , Zheng Yongting , He Xiaodong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTo understand the microscale toughening mechanism, the crack propagation, and stress–strain response of unidirectional SiCf/SiC composites with h‐BN interphase under transverse and longitudinal tension are investigated by a promising micromechanical phase field (PF) method along with representative volume element. Of much interest, the calculation results are well consistent with the available experimental results. With a strong dependence on the interphase strength, the toughening mechanisms during crack propagation are well presented, for example, fiber pull‐out, crack deflection, and interphase debonding. Furthermore, the longitudinal tensile strength of SiCf/SiC composites increases with decreasing the interphase strength, where only a weak enough interphase can result in a significant crack deflection by its cracking. In particular, the ratio of the interphase strength along fibers to the matrix strength should be less than 1.254 to ensure crack deflection in the interphase and fiber pull‐out. Moreover, the transverse tensile strength of SiCf/SiC composites reaches a maximum with increasing the interphase thickness into the range of 0.25–0.5 µm.
Grain growth inhibition by sluggish diffusion and Zener pinning in high‐entropy diboride ceramics
Authors: Cheng Yu‐Yun , Zhou Lin , Liu Ji‐Xuan , Tan Yu‐Feng , Zhang Guo‐Jun 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis work reported the grain growth kinetics of high‐entropy diboride (HEB) and HEB‐SiC ceramics containing 10, 20, and 30 vol% SiC during heat treatment at 1800°C. The coarsening of HEB phase occurred in the four kinds of ceramics during heat treatment, especially in HEB ceramics. The kinetic analysis showed that the grain growth of HEB phase in HEB and HEB‐SiC ceramics is controlled by interface‐controlled kinetics and grain‐boundary pinning, respectively. The growth rate constant of HEB grains is lower than ZrB2, which is related to the low grain‐boundary energy and the sluggish diffusion effect in dynamics of high‐entropy materials. The growth rate of matrix phase in HEB‐SiC ceramics is similar to that in ZrB2–SiC ceramics, indicating that the pinning effect of the SiC second‐phase played the dominant role in inhibiting the grain growth of the high‐entropy matrix phase and disguised the sluggish diffusion effect. This study reveals that the grain growth inhibition through sluggish diffusion effect in a high‐entropy ceramic system may be magnified by the possible existence of segregated second‐phase particles located at the grain boundaries.
Evaluation of peroxyacetic acid, liquid buffered vinegar, and cultured dextrose fermentate as potential antimicrobial interventions for raw chicken livers
Authors: Cancio Leslie Pearl M. , Danao Mary‐Grace C. , Sullivan Gary A. , Chaves Byron D. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the use of peroxyacetic acid (PAA), buffered vinegar (BV), and cultured dextrose fermentate (CDF) to reduce Salmonella on artificially inoculated raw chicken livers, one of the most consumed offal around the world. Samples were inoculated with a 5‐strain cocktail of poultry‐borne Salmonella to obtain 106 CFU/g and immersed for 90 s with agitation in one of the following treatments: distilled water (control), 450 ppm PAA, 2.0% (w/v) BV, or 1.5% (w/v) CDF, prior to storing at 4°C. Salmonella was enumerated on XLD agar and monitored for 14 days. Data were analyzed using analysis of covariance. After immersion, there was a significant Salmonella reduction (p < .05) with all treatments, including the control. PAA resulted in the greatest numerical reduction at 0.65 ± 0.12 log; however, there were no significant differences in the reductions among all other treatments (p > .05). After 14 days, higher numerical reductions were observed for PAA, but only when compared to CDF. Although similar reductions (p > .05) were noted after 14 days except for CDF, Salmonella counts were lowest in all timepoints when PAA was used. PAA and CDF inhibited the growth of aerobic bacteria until day 3 while BV inhibited the growth up to 7 days. Regarding objective color, chicken livers immersed in PAA became lighter, but the difference was not sustained over time. No differences were observed in redness or yellowness values across any treatments.
A comparison of the effect on pain management of two non‐pharmacological methods used during administration of Pfizer–BioNTech COVID‐19 vaccine (BNT162b2): A randomized controlled study
Authors: Yılmaz Dilek , Kutlu Münevver , Baki Elmas 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimsThis study was conducted with the aim of examining the effect on pain intensity of the vibration technique applied at the injection site and squeezing a stress ball during the administration of Pfizer–BioNTech COVID‐19 vaccination.MethodsThis was a randomized controlled single‐blind experimental study. The study included 120 adults who were randomly selected between July and November 2022. One experimental group (n = 40) received local vibration by means of a Buzzy® device, and the other (n = 40) were given a stress ball to squeeze. Routine vaccination procedure was performed with the control group (n = 40). The level of pain felt during the vaccination procedure was assessed on a visual analog scale.ResultsThe pain score of individuals during the vaccination procedure was found to be significantly lower in the vibration group than in the control group (P = .005) and the stress ball group (P = .036), but there was no significant difference between the control and stress ball groups (P = .851). Also, it was found that the variables of gender, age and body mass index did not affect the average pain intensity of individuals during the vaccination procedure.ConclusionsIt was found that local vibration applied by means of the Buzzy® device was effective in reducing the levels of pain relating to administration of the Pfizer–BioNTech COVID‐19 vaccination. Nurses should think of the application of vibration as a choice in the management of pain relating to Pfizer–BioNTech COVID‐19 vaccination.
Brain iron acquisition: An overview of homeostatic regulation and disease dysregulation
Authors: Baringer Stephanie L. , Simpson Ian A. , Connor James R. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBrain iron homeostasis is crucial for neurological health, with pathological fluctuations in brain iron levels associated with a variety of neurological disorders. Low levels are connected to cognitive impairment and restless legs syndrome, while high levels are connected to Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and other neurodegenerative diseases. Given the detrimental effects unrestricted iron can have, regulated entry into the brain via transferrin and H‐ferritin is critical. Endothelial cells of the blood–brain barrier are the site of iron transport regulation. The movement of iron through endothelial cells into the brain can be divided into three distinct processes: uptake, transcytosis, and release. Each process possesses external and internal influences on the regulation at each stage. This review discusses the mechanisms of iron uptake, transcytosis, and release at the blood–brain barrier, as well as the elements that contribute to regulation. Additionally, we explore the dysregulation of brain iron in Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and restless legs syndrome.image
Orthognathic surgery effects on temporomandibular joint compressive stresses
Authors: Glovsky Taylor E. , Iwasaki Laura R. , Wu Ying , Liu Hongzeng , Liu Ying , Sousa Melo Saulo L. , Nickel Jeffrey C. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroductionThis study tested orthognathic surgery effects on temporomandibular joint (TMJ) compressive stresses.MethodsPre‐ (T1) and post‐surgery (T2) cone‐beam computed tomography images were collected from consenting subjects aged ≥15 years. Anatomical data were used to measure surgical changes in anteroposterior mandibular position and occlusal plane angle (FH‐OP), estimate condylar loading areas (mm2) and calculate T1 and T2 TMJ and jaw muscle forces (N) during canine biting via numerical modelling. Analysis of covariance tested for sex and biting angle differences in T2 − T1 TMJ compressive stresses (TMJ force/loading area, MPa). Principal component analyses identified jaw muscle forces that accounted for changes in T2 − T1 TMJ loads. Regression analyses tested the correlations between surgical changes in mandibular position, FH‐OP, TMJ loads and muscle forces.ResultsOf 148 cases screened, 28 females and 16 males provided complete records. Condylar loading areas were significantly smaller (P = .024) for females vs males (124 ± 5 vs 144 ± 7 mm2). T2 − T1 differences in TMJ compressive stresses varied by surgical change, biting angle and sex. Overall, the largest increases in TMJ compressive stresses post‐surgery were for females with mandibular setbacks where FH‐OP angle decreased. T2 − T1 changes in jaw muscle forces had moderate (ipsilateral, λ = 4.59; η2 = 0.071) to large (contralateral, λ = 1.49; η2 = 0.31) effects on TMJ loads.ConclusionsT2 − T1 differences in TMJ compressive stresses during canine biting were affected by surgical changes in mandibular position and occlusal plane angle, biting angle and sex. Surgical changes altered jaw muscle forces for the same biting conditions and, thus, affected TMJ loads and compressive stresses.
When Rensch meets Foster: insular gigantism may reduce sexual dimorphism in anurans
Authors: Lorrain‐Soligon Léa , Robin Frédéric , Jankovic Marko , Lelong Vincent , Baudouin Simon , Brischoux François 
Published: March 2023

According to the Island rule, insular populations exhibit gigantism in small species and dwarfism in large species. These contexts offer opportunities to test for complementary aspects pertaining to the evolution of body size, and particularly sexual size dimorphism (SSD). ‘Rensch's rule' states that SSD should vary with increasing body size, depending on the larger sex. As a consequence, it is expected that dwarfism or gigantism occurring in insular populations should influence the magnitude of SSD. Using anuran amphibians as a study system (because most anuran species express a female‐biased SSD and a marked lability in size), we investigated our hypothesis both in a specific comparison of continental and insular populations of a widespread coastal amphibian, and using a large‐scale analysis across anurans (10 species across 62 sites). Both datasets yielded similar results, with increasing body size in insular populations reducing the magnitude of SSD through an increase of male body size, as expected by Rensch's rule. Detailed data on insular populations considering both sexes are scarce, and future studies are required to complement the existing literature in order to test for the validity of our hypothesis at a wider scale and to infer the mechanistic causes of size variations, which remain unknown. In addition, further investigations are required to explore the consequences of insularity on the magnitude of SSD including various taxa (e.g. mammals, birds, lizards and snakes) in which the Island rule has found support, and considering taxa in which males are the larger sex.Keywords: amphibians, body size, insularity, Island rule, Rensch's rule, sexual dimorphism
A Review and Summary of Patients with Symptomatic Postoperative Discal Pseudocysts of the Lumbar Spine
Authors: Cao Zhenlu , Cong Yanan , Yin Chuqiang , Wang Yuelei , Wang Zhichao , Liu XiaoWei , Wang Ting 
Published: March 2023

ObjectivePostoperative discal pseudocyst (PDP) is a rare complication after discectomy. This study aimed to summarize the characteristics, pathological mechanisms and management of PDPs.MethodsNine patients with PDP who received surgical treatment at our institution from January 2014 to December 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. A systematic review of the literature on PDP was performed. The demographic data, clinical and imaging features, surgical options and patient prognosis were analyzed.ResultsAmong the nine patients treated at our center, seven were male and two were female. The mean patient age (± standard deviation) at the time of surgery was 28.3 ± 5.7 years (range 18–37 years). The first operation performed on seven patients was percutaneous endoscopic transforaminal discectomy (PETD) and two patients underwent microdiscectomy. The time to conservative treatment before surgical intervention was 20 ± 9.2 days. In three cases, the disc cysts were located in L4/5 and in six cases the lesions were located in L5/S1. Intervertebral disc cyst interventions included foraminal scope (three cases), open discectomy (three cases), conservative treatment with a quadrant channel (one case) and CT‐guided puncture (one case). All patients fully recovered after surgery and the mean follow‐up time was 3.5 ± 2.1 years. A literature review identified 14 relevant articles that reported 43 PDP cases of PDP.ConclusionPDP occurs in Asian males with mild intervertebral disc degeneration and occurs 1 month after discectomy. Treatment should be based on specific patient scenarios. Conservative treatment is necessary and surgery should be performed with caution.
Impact of red blood cell transfusion on regional cerebral oxygen saturation during pediatric ECMO
Authors: Garcia Alejandro V. , Velez Ana Karen , Surma Victoria , Jager Leah R. , Bembea Melania M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundLow cerebral regional tissue oxygenation (crSO2) is associated with unfavorable neurological outcomes in children requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support. Red blood cell (RBC) transfusion can improve brain oxygenation and crSO2 has been proposed as a noninvasive monitoring tool that could aid in RBC transfusion decision‐making. However, how crSO2 responds to RBC transfusion is largely unknown.Study Design and MethodsThis was a retrospective, observational cohort study of all patients <21 years supported on ECMO at a single institution from 2011 to 2018. Transfusion events were grouped by pre‐transfusion hemoglobin concentration (<10, 10‐ < 12, and ≥ 12 g/dL). Post‐ versus pre‐transfusion crSO2 changes were analyzed using linear mixed‐effects models.ResultsThe final cohort included 830 transfusion events in 111 patients. Hemoglobin increased significantly post‐ versus pre‐RBC transfusion (estimated mean increase of 0.47 g/dL [95% CI, 0.35–0.58], p < .001), as did crSO2 (estimated mean increase of 1.82 percentage points [95% CI, 1.23–2.40], p < .001). Larger improvements in crSO2 were associated with lower pre‐transfusion crSO2 values (p < .001). There was no difference in mean change in crSO2 across the three hemoglobin groups in unadjusted analysis (p = .5) or after adjusting for age, diagnostic category, and pre‐transfusion rSO2 (p = .15). Pre‐transfusion crSO2 was <50% for 112 of 830 (13.5%) transfusion events, with only 30 (26.8%) crSO2 measurements noted to increase ≥50% post‐transfusion.DiscussionAmong neonatal and pediatric patients on ECMO support, there was a statistically significant increase in crSO2 following RBC transfusion, although clinical significance needs to be investigated further. The effect was strongest among patients with lower crSO2 pre‐transfusion.
Culture-based prescribing to improve mental health: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Bekkering Geertruida E. , Corremans Marleen , Gemignani Marco , Gerber Nancy , Godderis Lode , Kaewma Sumuttana , Khammathit Adchara , Steel Jonas , Hannes Karin 
Published: March 2023

Objective:
The objective of this review is to investigate what is known about culture-based prescribing to improve mental health and well-being.

Introduction:
Culture-based prescribing, where a person is referred by a clinical professional to an arts or cultural activity aimed at improving mental health and well-being, is increasingly used as a community-based source of support. Although culture-based prescribing seems promising, the field is heterogeneous with respect to definition, underlying hypotheses, and cultural activity. This hampers its further development and implementation.

Inclusion criteria:
We will consider publications that report on or explore culture-based prescribing to improve mental health and well-being for adults with symptoms related to mental health conditions who are seeking care from any clinical professional.

Methods:
We will search 8 electronic literature databases for published or unpublished reports on culture-based prescribing, without date limits. We will also search for gray literature and screen reference lists of relevant reviews. No language restrictions will be applied during the screening process, but for data extraction, we will only extract studies in languages our team has proficiency in. The screening and data extraction will be performed by 2 reviewers, independently. Data analysis will be descriptive, with results tabulated separately for each subquestion. The results will be complemented with a narrative summary.

Review registration:
Open Science Framework https://osf.io/ndbqj