bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Women Diplomats during the Interwar Period: the Case of Palma Guillén
Authors: Toledo García Itzel 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This article analyzes the diplomatic career of Palma Guillén, the first woman to represent Mexico in high-ranking diplomatic positions during the interwar period. Guillén was Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary in Bogota, Colombia (1935–36) and Copenhagen, Denmark (1936–37), and Technical Advisor to the Mexican Delegation at the League of Nations in Geneva, Switzerland (1938–41). The article aims to elucidate the activities she undertook and the issues she focused on, as well as to compare her experience dealing with governments, the press and diplomatic peers to that of other female diplomats and consuls from Europe and the Americas during the interwar period.
Arbitral Anti-Suit Measures: Implications of Mutual Trust
Authors: Mammadzada Aygun 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Arbitration is a legal promise between the contracting parties, and they should hold their promises. If there is any breach of that promise or any attempt to breach, the violating party should bear the outcomes. Upon a breach of an arbitration agreement, remedies become more crucial than ever to refrain the other party from commencing parallel court proceedings. Together with a stay and damages, a party seeking an effective remedy may benefit from an anti-suit injunction issued by either the court or tribunal.
This paper examines the application perspectives of the mutual trust principle to arbitral proceedings while speculating upon anti-suit measures granted by an arbitral tribunal. The discussions particularly highlight the rebirth of the issue in the EU following the Gazprom case and the relevance/irrelevance of the latter to the West Tankers scenario. Considering the reasonings in the respective cases, the paper emphasizes uncertainty about the effectiveness of arbitral anti-suit injunctions and their enforcement. Upon identifying major normative gaps and shortcomings created by the essence of the existing legal rules, the paper reveals possible practical complexities and likely ineffectiveness of such measures. The findings suggest that uncertainties might be ultimately resolved by the revisions of the law which are on the horizon and reassessment of West Tankers by the cjeu or possible revision of the existing Brussels Recast Regulation taking scrutiny of the Gazprom judgment. At this juncture, the paper will briefly delve into the impact of Brexit on anti-suit injunctions in support of arbitration and its implications for arbitration rules and practice in the changing landscape.
A (Not Always) Difficult Balance between Legal Certainty and Legality: The Effects of cjeu and ECtHR Case Law on National Res Judicata
Authors: Grassi Michele 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This note examines a recent judgment of the Corte di Cassazione, in which the Court rejected an opposition against the enforcement of a final judgment that was purportedly irreconcilable with later rulings of the Court of Justice of the European Union (“cjeu”) and the European Court of Human Rights (“ECtHR”) on very similar cases. The impact of judgments rendered by international tribunals on domestic procedural rules concerning res judicata often raises complex issues. This is mainly due to the difficult balance between the principle of legal certainty on one hand, and the principles of legality and effectiveness of European Union (“EU”) law and the human rights protection system, on the other. Nonetheless, in the case under review, the rules and principles developed through the years by the cjeu and the Italian Corte Costituzionale, that will be analysed in this note, provided clear guidance to the Corte di Cassazione.
Breaking the Ancestral Silence: Recognition of Citizenship by Descent Despite the Great Brazilian Naturalization
Authors: Panascì Maria Antonia 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This case note recounts and critically analyzes a judgment with which the Italian Corte di Cassazione has pronounced itself on the acquisition of Italian citizenship jure sanguinis by descendants of Italian ancestors who had allegedly renounced their citizenship upon tacit acceptance of mass naturalization in Brazil. The case note argues that the judgment has effectively resorted to the preclusion of inferences from silence to protect the fundamental status of citizenship from loss. Nonetheless, it claims that the relationship between national rules on modes of acquisition of citizenship and EU citizenship should have been better framed.
The Role of Flag States of ngo Vessels under Italy’s New Migration Policy
Authors: Chianese Michela 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
On 4 and 6 November 2022, the Italian Ministry of Home Affairs, in agreement with the Ministry of Defense and the Ministry of Infrastructures and Transport, issued two inter-ministerial decrees effectively prohibiting two ngo humanitarian vessels from staying in Italian territorial waters for a longer period than “necessary”. As the former Minister of Home Affairs stated, such decrees were the “first act” of a policy aimed at calling on flag countries to respect their international law obligations. In the context of a press release, the Minister even stated that migrants saved at sea and in need of international and complementary protection could be informed of the possibility to apply for asylum on board of the rescuing vessels. The present comment offers an evaluation of the compatibility of such policy, finally given legal status in the Italian Law Decree n. 1/2023, under international law, bearing in mind both what it is legally required of shipmasters vis-à-vis rescued migrants and State obligations under international law.
Fulminant Overwhelming Necrotizing Vibrio vulnificus Sepsis Secondary to Oyster Consumption
Authors: Spector Chelsea L. , Hernandez Jennifer , Kiffin Chauniqua , Lee Seong 
Published: May 2023

Vibrio vulnificus is an opportunistic gram-negative rod-shaped bacteria found in warm, low salinity waters. Transmission through open wounds or consumption of contaminated seafood can lead to wound infections, sepsis, and potentially death. A 44-year-old man with a history of poly-substance abuse, cirrhosis, and recent oyster consumption presented to the emergency department in June with acute onset bilateral leg pain associated with rash and fever. Within 6 hours of his arrival, the rash rapidly progressed to large bullae with extensive necrosis ascending to the level of the abdomen, and he developed septic shock. Despite prompt surgical intervention and appropriate antibiotic and resuscitative therapies, the patient had progressive multi-system organ failure and died 7 days after admission. Concurrent necrotizing fasciitis with sepsis secondary to V. vulnificus infection is rare and potentially fatal, as demonstrated in this case.
Predictors of Complications Following Bariatric Surgery for Adolescent Patients
Authors: Cheng Vincent , Grinberg Gary G. , Ashbrook Matthew , Silva Jack , Samakar Kamran , Yenumula Panduranga R. 
Published: May 2023

Background Bariatric surgery for adolescent patients has been shown to be safe but potentially underutilized. A better understanding of operative risk in adolescents may temper apprehension to its adoption. This study intends to examine the association between preoperative risk factors and complications following bariatric surgery for adolescent patients. Methods The Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Accreditation and Quality Improvement Program databank (2015-2020) was queried for all adolescent patients (10 to 19 years). Only patients who underwent sleeve gastrectomy or gastric bypass were included. Multivariable regression examined the association between patient characteristics and complications. Results A total of 7785 adolescent patients satisfied inclusion criteria. The median age was 18 years, 1737 (22%) were male, and the median body mass index was 46. Of all patients, 6675 (86%) and 1310 (14%) underwent sleeve gastrectomy and gastric bypass, respectively. Preoperative chronic steroid use was significantly associated with higher rates of leak (odds ratio [OR] 7.327, P = .009), bleeding (OR 10.791, P = .003), and reoperation (OR 7.685, P < .001). While Pacific Islander race was also significantly associated with higher rates of reoperation (OR 11.773, P = .039), Asian race was significantly associated with higher rates of bleeding (OR 14.527, P = .042). A history of gastroesophageal reflux disease was associated with higher rates of postoperative reintervention (OR 2.306, P = .004). Discussion Readily identifiable preoperative patient characteristics are significantly associated with higher rates of postoperative complications following adolescent bariatric surgery. Additional research is required to determine whether tailoring treatment based on these characteristics can improve outcomes.
Serial measurements of lymphocytes, D-dimer, LDH, and CRP do not improve the ability to predict COVID-19 adverse outcomes
Authors: Pulido-Arenas Jorge , Saa-González Daniela , Muñoz Oscar M. , Cañas-Arboleda Alejandra 
Published: May 2023

Objective We evaluated the discriminatory ability of variations in lymphocyte, D-dimer, C-reactive protein (CRP), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) serum levels at 48 to 72 hours of hospitalization compared with baseline measurements to predict unfavorable clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19. Methods We analyzed diagnostic test results based on a retrospective cohort to determine the ability of variations (gradients or ratios) in patients’ lymphocyte, D-dimer, CRP, and LDH serum levels taken 48 to 72 hours after hospital admission to predict adverse outcomes such as death, mechanical ventilation, or intensive care unit (ICU) admission developing. Results Among 810 patients (56.1% men, age 61.6 ± 16.2 years), 37.5% had at least one adverse outcome; 28.2% required ICU admission, 26.5% required mechanical ventilation, and 19.4% died during hospitalization. In comparing baseline measurements with measurements at 48 to 72 hours, D-dimer, lymphocyte delta, LDH, and CRP had similar discriminatory ability (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC] 0.57 vs. 0.56, 0.53 vs. 0.57, 0.64 vs. 0.66, and 0.62 vs. 0.65, respectively). Conclusions Measuring serum risk markers upon hospital admission can be used to evaluate risk of adverse outcomes in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Repeating these measurements at 48 to 72 hours does not improve discriminatory ability.
Implementation and Evaluation of Primary Care Team Participation in Opioid Use Disorder Learning Sessions
Authors: Lutgen Cory , Callen Elisabeth , Robertson Elise , Clay Tarin , Filippi Melissa K. 
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Previous studies show that some primary care clinicians do not feel equipped to treat patients with opioid use disorder (OUD). This study addressed the gaps in confidence and knowledge of primary care physicians and other participants (i.e., participants who were not physicians) in diagnosing, treating, prescribing, and educating patients with OUD through interactive learning sessions. Methods: The American Academy of Family Physicians National Research Network held monthly OUD learning sessions from September 2021 to March 2022 with physicians and other participants (n = 31) from 7 practices. Participants took baseline (n = 31), post-session (n = 11-20), and post-intervention (n = 21) surveys. Questions focused on confidence, knowledge, among others. We used non-parametric tests to compare individual responses pre-versus-post participation as well as to compare responses between groups. Results: All participants experienced significant changes in confidence and knowledge for most topics covered in the series. When comparing physicians to other participants, physicians had greater increases in confidence in dosing and monitoring for diversion ( P = .047), but other participants had greater increases in confidence in the majority of topic areas. Physicians also had greater increases in knowledge than other participants in dosing and monitoring for safety ( P = .033) and dosing and monitoring for diversion ( P = .024), whereas other participants had greater increases in knowledge in most remaining topics. Participants agreed that sessions provided practical knowledge, except for relevancy of the case study portion of the session to current practice ( P = .023) and the session improved participant ability to care for patients ( P = .044). Conclusion: Through participating in interactive OUD learning sessions, knowledge and confidence increased among physicians and other participants. These changes may impact participants’ decisions to diagnose, treat, prescribe, and educate patients with OUD.
Beneficial effects associated to a healthy lifestyle in systemic lupus erythematosus: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Vordenbäumen Stefan , Kleefisch Martin , Sokolowski Alexander , Düsing Christina , Richter Jutta G , Brinks Ralph , Schneider Matthias , Chehab Gamal 
Published: May 2023

Objective To assess whether a healthy lifestyle is associated to beneficial effects on various systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) health domains. Methods In a cross-sectional study, Mediterranean Diet Adherence Score (MEDAS), physical activity energy expenditure (PAEE), and smoking status were assessed by questionnaires, along with clinical parameters and various health domains including Systemic Lupus Disease Activity Score (SLEDAI), Depression Scale (CES-D), Fatigue Severity (FSS), functional status (FFbH), physical and mental quality of life (PCS, MCS). Lifestyle choices were assessed with respect to health domains by linear regression modeling. Additionally, SLE patients with a healthy lifestyle (MEDAS ≥ 4, ≥ 1 h sport per week, no smoking) were compared to those without by Wilcoxon’s signed-rank test. Results 49 of 145 SLE patients (44.3 ± 31.7 years, 87.6% female) followed a healthy lifestyle and showed a higher physical quality of life (β = 4.5 (95%-CI 1.5–7.9) p = 0.01), lower depression (β = −5.0 (−8.2 to −0.2) p = 0.02) and lower fatigue (β = −0.8 (−1.5 to −0.2) p = 0.01) independently of SLE disease activity. Furthermore, dsDNA-antibodies were lower (146 ± 540 vs 266 ± 146 U/mL, p = 0.049). In a more detailed analysis, physical activity had the highest impact on the various health domains when compared to smoking or diet adherence, which was consistent even after adjusting for multiple potential confounders. Each 1,000 kcal of weekly PAEE was associated to a 1.8 (0.9–2.6) point increase in the PCS ( p = 0.0001), a 0.2 (0.03–0.4) point decrease in the CES-D ( p = 0.01) and a 2.8 (1.2–4.4) point increase in the FFbH ( p = 0.0006). Conclusion A healthy lifestyle, especially physical activity is associated with beneficial effects including quality of life, depression and fatigue in SLE.
Supporting dementia care by monitoring indoor environmental quality in a nursing home
Authors: Ma Chuan , Guerra-Santin Olivia , Grave Anne , Mohammadi Masi 
Published: May 2023

The indoor environment quality in care facilities impacts residents’ daily lives. Sensor technology has been proven useful in evaluating the indoor environment of buildings, but the process of using this information to improve residents’ comfort, specifically in the context of nursing homes, is still underdeveloped. Thus, this study focuses on monitoring indoor environmental quality in a nursing home in the Netherlands, supported by professional caregivers’ insights. A campaign was conducted for one year to monitor eight rooms, and a mixed-method approach was used to collect and analyse the data on local weather, building facility operation and proxies’ responses to residents’ comfort. Seventeen care professionals and twenty-two guardians (visitors) answered questions based on their opinions and observation. The results show that the low indoor humidity during heating seasons and high CO2 concentration at night were the main factors leading to environment-related symptoms of residents and care professionals, such as dry eyes. Furthermore, we found that data outliers can help to reveal residents’ occupancy, ventilation habits and activity time, thus showing the application value of environmental sensors in dementia care. We also recommend using non-intrusive sensors for nursing home residents and taking into account room layouts and occupants’ conditions before installing sensors.
Neurophysiological monitoring during endovascular treatment of brain arteriovenous malformations: A meta-analysis
Authors: Diana Francesco , Romoli Michele , Sabuzi Federico , Rouchaud Aymeric , Mounayer Charbel , Forestier Géraud , Tomasello Alejandro , Requena Manuel , Hernández David , Lascuevas Marta De Dios , Cuevas José Luis , Peschillo Simone , Caroff Jildaz , Nguyen Thanh N. , Abdalkader Mohamad , Da Ros Valerio 
Published: May 2023

Background Treatment of brain arteriovenous malformations (b-AVM) carries a risk of iatrogenic injury to eloquent brain regions. Intraoperative neuro-monitoring (IONM) has increasingly been used to monitor spontaneous or evoked neural activity during neurosurgery, but its use is not as well characterized in the endovascular treatment (EVT) of b-AVMs. We aimed to provide a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies reporting any neurological deficit after b-AVM embolization with IONM, with or without provocative test (PT), and no-IONM. Methods This systematic review followed the PRISMA guidelines. Medline, EMBASE, and Scopus were searched from conception until March 1, 2022 for studies evaluating EVT with IONM and PT. Primary outcome was the rate of postoperative neurological deficits in EVT with IONM versus no-IONM, while secondary outcome was the subanalysis of IONM with or without PT. Meta-analysis was performed using the Mantel–Haenszel method and random effects modeling. Results Six studies reached synthesis. Out of a total of 192 EVT, 14 events occurred. Results demonstrated a nonsignificant trend favoring IONM compared to no-IONM to prevent neurological deficits (OR 0.09, 95% CI 0–4.68). Among the EVT with IONM, PT was done in 411 branches with 10 events (0.2%) despite a negative PT. There was a nonsignificant trend favoring IONM plus PT compared to IONM without PT (OR 0.16, 95% CI 0.02–1.07). Conclusions Our study suggests that b-AVM EVT with IONM plus PT might reduce rates of postprocedural neurological deficits compared with EVT without IONM. Further studies are needed to confirm these results.
Primary Care Team Perspectives on the Suitability of Telehealth Modality (Phone vs Video) at the Veterans Health Administration
Authors: Cannedy Shay , Leung Lucinda , Wyte-Lake Tamar , Balut Michelle D. , Dobalian Aram , Heyworth Leonie , Paige Neil M. , Der-Martirosian Claudia 
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Telehealth has the potential to improve access and timeliness of care, enabling primary care teams to deliver hybrid (virtual/in-person) services that will likely extend beyond the COVID-19 pandemic. To optimize its use and sustainability, it is imperative to understand how primary care teams perceive the suitability of telehealth services, including appropriate choice of mode (telephone or video). However, there is limited research on providers’ decision-making processes surrounding telehealth use in primary care, including whether to use telephone or video, which this VA-focused study addresses. We examined how primary care (PC) team members determine whether to use telehealth and the mode of delivery, in the care of patients. Methods: Qualitative case study that included 15 semi-structured interviews with employees who provided or supported telehealth care at primary care clinics at the Veterans Health Administration. We used a team-based rapid analysis approach to identify experiences using telehealth soon after COVID-19’s emergence, consisting of the creation of structured summaries of each transcribed interview. The lead author then identified and compiled themes and sub-themes related to the suitability of telehealth in primary care, as well as associated quotes from transcripts. Resulting themes and quotes were reviewed and validated by 2 members of the project team. Results: Primary care team members considered several factors when assessing both the suitability of telehealth for appointments, and mode of use. They were largely guided by patient-related factors including patient preferences, specific health issues, and access to technology. Additional considerations centered on team members’ personal preferences and factors that supported the wellbeing of the team, such as the flexibility to work from home (work-life balance) and protection from infection. Generally, participants viewed the option of both telephone and video telehealth modalities as useful tools in the care of patients although a few respondents emphasized its inferiority to in-person care. Conclusions: Determining the suitability of telehealth services, including appropriate choice of mode is complex. Its suitability is tied to a variety of factors related to multilevel resources, preferences, and timing. When appropriate, telehealth should be considered a useful tool in the care of patients and for employee well-being.
Estimating the Under-ascertainment of COVID-19 cases in Toronto, Ontario, March to May 2020
Authors: Desta Binyam N , Ota Sylvia , Gournis Effie , Pires Sara M , Greer Amy L , Dodd Warren , Majowicz Shannon E 
Published: May 2023

Background: Public health surveillance data do not always capture all cases, due in part to test availability and health care seeking behaviour. Our study aimed to estimate under-ascertainment multipliers for each step in the reporting chain for COVID-19 in Toronto, Canada. Design and methods: We applied stochastic modeling to estimate these proportions for the period from March 2020 (the beginning of the pandemic) through to May 23, 2020, and for three distinct windows with different laboratory testing criteria within this period. Results: For each laboratory-confirmed symptomatic case reported to Toronto Public Health during the entire period, the estimated number of COVID-19 infections in the community was 18 (5th and 95th percentile: 12, 29). The factor most associated with under-reporting was the proportion of those who sought care that received a test. Conclusions: Public health officials should use improved estimates to better understand the burden of COVID-19 and other similar infections.