bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Moringa Leaf Extract as a Natural Preservative against the Deterioration of Tilapia Fillet during Room Temperature Storage
Authors: Putri Alvina Triana , Pratama Rusky Intan , Yuniarti M. S. , Rostini Iis 
Published: January 2023

This research was conducted to determine the percentage of moringa leaf extract to inhibit the deterioration of the quality of the tilapia fillet as a natural preservative against organoleptic characteristics during room temperature storage. This research was carried out at the Processing of Fishery Products Laboratory, the Aquaculture Laboratory of the Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, and the Central Laboratory of Padjadjaran University, Jatinangor. The research method used is experimental. Namely, a tilapia fillet soaked using different concentrations during room temperature storage. The organoleptic test (scoring test) was analyzed by Friedman's non-parametric statistical method consisting of 4 treatments and 20 semi-trained panelists as the number tests. In contrast, the pH testing of the tilapia fillet was analyzed by a descriptive method. Tilapia fillet with Moringa leaf extract soaking treatment consists of 0%, 4%, 8%, and 12% (v/v) for 30 minutes of soaking, then stored at room temperature (25°C-28°C). Observations occur once every 2 hours, namely at the 0, 2nd, 4th, 6th, 8th, 10th, 12th, 14th, and 16th hours. The parameters observed included organoleptic characteristics with 20 semi-trained panelists and a value of the tilapia fillet's degree of acidity (pH). The best use of moringa leaf extract at 8% appearance with an organoleptic value of 7.5, aroma of 7.7, and texture of 7.0 with a pH value of 6.8 to 16 hours storage.
Assessment of Mean Performance, Variability, Traits Association and Path Coefficient in Transplanted Aman Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Landraces
Authors: Khalequzzaman M. , Chakrabarty T. , Islam M. Z. , Rashid E. S. M. H. , Prince M. F. R. K. , Siddique M. A. 
Published: January 2023

The study was conducted to estimate the mean performance, genetic parameters along with traits association and path coefficients from data collected on 48 Transplanted Aman (T. Aman) rice landraces. In mean performance, Manik Digha, Goirol, Jesso Balam, Dal Katra, Chinri Gushi, Indrasail, Sunadiga, Bad Kalamkati, Raj Mondal and Blue Stick were found as elite landraces. High heritability along with genetic advance (GA) and genetic advance in per cent of mean (GAMP) was observed for basal leaf width, plant height, culm length, filled grain/panicle, unfilled grain/panicle, days to flowering, days to maturity, test weight, grain length, grain breadth, decorticated grain length breadth ratio and yield showed high genetic advance that helped in effective and reliable selection through these characters for crop improvement. A positive and significant association was found for filled grain per panicle, days to flowering, days to maturity, grain length and decorticated grain length breadth ratio with yield/hill at both genotypic and phenotypic levels. Though days to maturity and decorticated grain length breadth ratio have a negative direct effect on yield but made the total association positive and significant. Filled grain/panicle, days to flower and grain length have a positive direct effect on yield and made the total association positive and significant. Yield had significant (***p<0.001) positive correlations with filled grains number per panicle, days to flowering, days to maturity, grain length, and decorticated grain length breadth ratio. Hence, basal leaf width, plant height, culm length, filled grain/panicle, unfilled grain/panicle, days to flower, days to maturity, test weight, grain length, grain breadth, decorticated grain length breadth ratio and yield are identified as key traits for developing high yielding rice breeding lines.
Phytochemical Screening and Acute oral Toxicity Study of Root Extracts of Combretum hereroense Schinz and Balanites aegyptiaca Del. Traditionally Used to Treat Female Infertility in Baringo County, Kenya
Authors: Kiptisia Richard T. , Nandwa Anastasia N. 
Published: January 2023

Aims: To carry out phytochemical screening and acute oral toxicity test to validate their safety and efficacy.
Study Design: Standard phytochemical screening tests were used to highlight phytochemical compounds of roots of the plants. The evaluation of acute toxicity of the root extracts of the plants followed the model of Acute Toxicity Class based on OECD 423 Guideline, 2001.
Place and Duration of the Study: The study was undertaken at the Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry for the extraction for samples extraction and phytochemical screening. Acute oral toxicity studies were done at the Department of Biological Sciences for acute toxicity study, University of Eldoret, Between June and September 2022.
Methodology: Phytochemical screening for presence of Tannins, saponins, flavonoids, glycosides, alkaloids, anthocyanin, terpenoids, steroids, coumarins, lipids, proteins and carbohydrates were carried out. Acute oral toxicity studies were done using the fixed dose method at a dose of 2000mg/kg body weights of rats. Three groups were used: control and test groups for each of the respective plant root extracts. Signs of toxicity and/or mortality were monitored daily for 14 days. Weekly fasting body weights were also recorded.
Results: The phytochemical screening results showed the presence of tannins, saponins, flavonoids, glycosides, alkaloids, anthocyanin, terpenoids, steroids, lipids, proteins and carbohydrates present in the root extract of Combretum hereroense. Tannins, saponins, flavonoids, glycosides, terpenoids, steroids, and carbohydrates were present in root extracts of Balanites aegyptiaca. Following the acute oral toxicity study, there were no abnormalities observed in physiological parameters. In addition, no deaths were recorded during the study period. The LD50 was therefore greater than 2000 mg/kg. The fasting body weights of extract treated rats increased stably compared to the control [p = .05].
Conclusion: The results showed C. hereroense and B. aegyptiaca methanol root extracts were considered safe in acute oral exposure. Long-term toxicity studies are needed for further toxicological profile elicitation of the plant, and a possible reinforcement of clinical relevance of the results of laboratory studies.
Nutrients Release in Soils Amended with Different Organic Sources and Industrial by–products: A Laboratory Incubation Study
Authors: Arulkumar V. , Rangasami S. R. Shri , Murugaragavan R. , Venkatakrishnan D. 
Published: January 2023

The incubation experiment was carried out to evaluate the best organic sources Such as farm yard manure (FYM), municipal solid waste compost and industrial by – products such as bagasse ash, rice husk and inorganic fertilizers on nutrient release pattern in sandy loam soils of Cuddalore District, Tamil Nadu, India. The outcomes showed that pH of the soil was reduced by incubation with organic sources. The application of 100% recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF) + FYM@ 25t ha-1(T5) outperformed other treatments among organic sources by recording the lowest pH of 7.0 at 90 Days (DAI). The EC of the soil was reduced by the FYM application. Similarly the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content of the incubation mixture were significantly increased over the control.
Evaluation of Integrated Pest Management Modules for the Management of Leafhopper Empoasca flavescent (Fab.) on Castor Ricinus communis
Authors: Kirankumar R. , Jagadeesh K. S. , Narayanswamy K. C. , Jaisri . , Sannappa B. 
Published: January 2023

Castor is an important oilseed crop. The castor bean contains about 50-55% oil. Among vegetable oils, castor oil is distinguished by its high content (over 85%) of ricinoleic acid. No other vegetable oil contains so high proportion of fatty hydroxyl acids. Castor oil’s unsaturated bond, high molecular weight (298), low melting point (5°C) and very low solidification point (-12°C to -18°C) makes it industrially useful, most of all for the highest and most stable viscosity of any vegetable oil. The castor plant has a substantial taproot with many lateral branches which can reach a great depth enabling them to withstand drought and most harsh weather conditions. Leaves of castor plants are large, glossy and green with pointed lobes and prominent veins; however, the castor leaf for many years has often been attacked by the leafhopper and in most cases leads to the destruction of the plant. The leafhopper causes hopper-burn which renders the attacked leaves dry, uneven, curl downward in the shape of an inverted boat, margins turn brown and eventually death of the plant. Among the eight treatments, the lowest leafhopper/plant recorded by the T4 quinolphos and T6 Neem oil 2% recorded as best treatments over rest of the treatments. Significantly highest grain yield at 3730.00 Kg./ha and 3627.63 Kg./ha recorded by T6 Neem oil 2% and T7 Pongamia oil 2% followed by T5 Mahuva oil recorded yield at 3283.30 Kg./ha However the chemical treatments viz., T3 Profenophos 50 EC at 0.03% and T4 quinolphos 25 EC at 0.05% recorded yield at 2956.66 and 2936.00 Kg./ha both at par with each other. While, untreated control recorded the lowest yield at 2426.03 Kg./ha.
Fabrication and Characterization of Charcoal Briquettes Fuel from a Blend of Coconut Husk and Corncob
Authors: Yirijor John , Adazabra Aaron Nsorbila , McBagonluri Fred 
Published: January 2023

Energy is very essential to human livelihood and makes significant help to economic, social, and environmental features of human development. Biomass is certainly a very significant source of renewable energy worldwide and abundant with high energy potential. This research aimed to characterize and produce briquette fuel from the combination of coconut husk and corncob using starch as a binder. The composite briquettes were produced by varying the mixture ratio of coconut husk to corncob (CH: CC), 80:20, 60:40, 50:50, 40:60, 20:80 using starch as a binding agent. The physical and combustion characteristics were analyzed according to the America Society of Testing of Materials Standard. It was observed that the moisture content decreased from 5.02% to 4.88%, fixed carbon increased from 74.20% to 75.13%, volatile matter increased from 20.20% to 21.70%, Ash content decreased from 5.60% to 3.17% and the calorific value increased from 20.35 MJ/kg to 26.75 MJ/kg. The findings also show that the maximum density and durability indexes were 839 kg/m3 and 98.58%.
The briquette at the ratio 20:80 of coconut husk to corncob has the highest calorific value and implies that it has more heating advantages and will therefore be suitable as an alternative solid fuel.
Assessment of Risks of Uncontrolled use of Drugs with Expected Effectiveness against COVID-19 by Patients with Breast and Prostate Cancer at the Pre-hospital Stage
Authors: Taets Gunnar Glauco De Cunto Carelli , Ribeiro Ana Clara Rocha Colman , Cherede João Victor de Matos , Baco Lucas Silva de 
Published: January 2023

Aims: To reflect on the impact of self-medication in times of pandemic COVID-19 for patients undergoing treatment for breast or prostate cancer.
Study Design: this is a reflective study with a qualitative approach based on the documentary analysis of the package inserts issued by ANVISA or by the manufacturers of the analyzed drugs.
Place and Duration of Study: Integrated Health Research Laboratory from the UFRJ-Macaé Multidisciplinary Center, between March 2020 and December 2020.
Methodology: The documents analyzed were the package inserts of the five main drugs used by the Brazilian population during the first year of the pandemic, from March to December 2020, as well as the package inserts of some of the main antineoplastic drugs used to treat breast and prostate cancer. All inserts were issued by ANVISA or by the drug manufacturer. We chose to reflect on the impact of self-medication on the symptoms of COVID-19 and the most common cancers in women (breast) and men (prostate).
Results: In Brazil, where, according to the Brazilian Association of Pharmaceutical Industries, around 80 million people are self-medicated, the poor quality of the supply of medicines, non-compliance with the obligation to present a medical prescription and the lack of information and education in the general population justify the concern with the quality of self-medication practiced in the country. The present study focused on the five main drugs described in the literature most used for self-medication and often with explicit contraindication by health agencies such as WHO and ANVISA, namely: chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, ivermectin, vitamin D, dexamethasone.
Conclusion: The study suggests that the analyzed drugs can harm the health of patients undergoing cancer treatment, as it shows that they can increase the risk of liver, kidney, heart or gastrointestinal damage. It is concluded that self-medication performed by a patient with breast or prostate cancer can bring moderate to severe risks with regard to drug interaction and metabolization pathways, as some of these drugs are mistakenly used as a form of prevention and treatment for COVID-19 not only do they have dangerous adverse effects for cancer patients, but they can also potentiate the adverse effects caused by cancer treatments.
Incidence, Timing, and Factors Associated With Suicide Among Patients Undergoing Surgery for Cancer in the US
Authors: Potter Alexandra L. , Haridas Chinmay , Neumann Krista , Kiang Mathew V. , Fong Zhi Ven , Riddell Corinne A. , Pope Harrison G. , Yang Chi-Fu Jeffrey 
Published: January 2023

ImportanceThe risk and timing of suicide among patients who undergo surgery for cancer remain largely unknown, and, to our knowledge, there are currently no organized programs in place to implement regular suicide screening among this patient population.ObjectiveTo evaluate the incidence, timing, and factors associated with suicide among patients undergoing cancer operations.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis retrospective population-based cohort study used data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program database to examine the incidence of suicide, compared with the general US population, and timing of suicide among patients undergoing surgery for the 15 deadliest cancers in the US from 2000 to 2016. A Fine-Gray competing risks regression model was used to identify factors associated with an increased risk of suicide among patients in the cohort. Data were analyzed from September 2021 to January 2022.ExposuresSurgery for cancer.Main Outcomes and MeasuresIncidence, compared with the general US population, timing, and factors associated with suicide after surgery for cancer.ResultsFrom 2000 to 2016, 1 811 397 patients (74.4% female; median [IQR] age, 62.0 [52.0-72.0] years) met study inclusion criteria. Of these patients, 1494 (0.08%) committed suicide after undergoing surgery for cancer. The incidence of suicide, compared with the general US population, was statistically significantly higher among patients undergoing surgery for cancers of the larynx (standardized mortality ratio [SMR], 4.02; 95% CI, 2.67-5.81), oral cavity and pharynx (SMR, 2.43; 95% CI, 1.93-3.03), esophagus (SMR, 2.25; 95% CI, 1.43-3.38), bladder (SMR, 2.09; 95% CI, 1.53-2.78), pancreas (SMR, 2.08; 95% CI, 1.29-3.19), lung (SMR, 1.73; 95% CI, 1.47-2.02), stomach (SMR, 1.70; 95% CI, 1.22-2.31), ovary (SMR, 1.64; 95% CI, 1.13-2.31), brain (SMR, 1.61; 95% CI, 1.12-2.26), and colon and rectum (SMR, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.16-1.40). Approximately 3%, 21%, and 50% of suicides were committed within the first month, first year, and first 3 years after surgery, respectively. Patients who were male, White, and divorced or single were at greatest risk of suicide.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study, the incidence of suicide among patients undergoing cancer operations was statistically significantly elevated compared with the general population, highlighting the need for programs to actively implement regular suicide screening among such patients, especially those whose demographic and tumor characteristics are associated with the highest suicide risk.
Population Prevalence of Vision Impairment in US Adults 71 Years and Older
Authors: Killeen Olivia J. , De Lott Lindsey B. , Zhou Yunshu , Hu Mengyao , Rein David , Reed Nicholas , Swenor Bonnielin K. , Ehrlich Joshua R. 
Published: January 2023

ImportanceExisting estimates of the prevalence of vision impairment (VI) in the United States are based on self-reported survey data or measures of visual function that are at least 14 years old. Older adults are at high risk for VI and blindness. There is a need for up-to-date, objectively measured, national epidemiological estimates.ObjectiveTo present updated national epidemiological estimates of VI and blindness in older US adults based on objective visual function testing.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis survey study presents a secondary data analysis of the 2021 National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS), a population-based, nationally representative panel study of Medicare beneficiaries 65 years and older. NHATS includes community-dwelling older adults or their proxies who complete in-person interviews; annual follow-up interviews are conducted regardless of residential status. Round 11 NHATS data were collected from June to November 2021, and data were analyzed in August 2022.InterventionsIn 2021, NHATS incorporated tablet-based tests of distance and near visual acuity and contrast sensitivity with habitual correction.Main Outcomes and MeasuresNational prevalence of impairment in presenting distance visual acuity (&amp;gt;0.30 logMAR, Snellen equivalent worse than 20/40), presenting near visual acuity (&amp;gt;0.30 logMAR, Snellen equivalent worse than 20/40), and contrast sensitivity (&amp;gt;1 SD below the sample mean). Prevalence estimates stratified by age and socioeconomic and demographic data were calculated.ResultsIn the 2021 round 11 NHATS sample, there were 3817 respondents. After excluding respondents who did not complete the sample person interview (n = 429) and those with missing vision data (n = 362), there were 3026 participants. Of these, 29.5% (95% CI, 27.3%-31.8%) were 71 to 74 years old, and 55.2% (95% CI, 52.8%-57.6%) were female respondents. The prevalence of VI in US adults 71 years and older was 27.8% (95% CI, 25.5%-30.1%). Distance and near visual acuity and contrast sensitivity impairments were prevalent in 10.3% (95% CI, 8.9%-11.7%), 22.3% (95% CI, 20.3%-24.3%), and 10.0% (95% CI, 8.5%-11.4%), respectively. Older age, less education, and lower income were associated with all types of VI. A higher prevalence of near visual acuity and contrast sensitivity impairments was associated with non-White race and Hispanic ethnicity.Conclusions and RelevanceMore than 1 in 4 US adults 71 years and older had VI in 2021, higher than prior estimates. Differences in the prevalence of VI by socioeconomic and demographic factors were observed. These data could inform public health planning.
A General Vapor‐Induced Coating Approach for Layer‐controlled Organic Single Crystals
Authors: Chen Shengnan , Liu Zhaoxin , Long Haoran , Yang Jiaxin , Li Zheng , Cai Zheren , Qu Zhiyuan , Shao Lujing , Shi Xiaosong , Jiang Lang , Xu Wei , Dong Huanli , Wei Zhongming , Qiao Yali , Song Yanlin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract2D organic semiconductor crystals (2D OSCs) are vital for high‐performance electronic and optoelectronic devices owing to their unique material merits. However, it is still challenging to fabricate high‐quality and large‐scale ultrathin 2D OSCs with controllable molecular layers due to the disordered molecular deposition and uncontrollable mass transport in solution‐processing fabrication. Here, a vapor‐induced meniscus modulating strategy for preparing unidirectional and stable Marangoni flow to guide contactless meniscus evolution is reported, which ensures uniform mass transport and ordered molecular deposition to achieve high‐quality ultrathin 2D OSCs. Both the surface tension difference and the substrate wettability are critical to meniscus formation, which results in various meniscus deformation states and film morphologies. Based on the optimized vapor‐solvent system, ultrathin 2D OSCs of C8‐BTBT with precise layer definition are prepared controllably. The discrepancies in liquid film height and solute concentration are decisive in controlling the molecular scale thickness ranging from mono to a few layers. Moreover, the layer‐dependent electronic and optoelectronic properties of the ultrathin films are systematically investigated. Notably, high‐performance polarization‐sensitive solar‐blind photodetectors are achieved with a dichroic ratio of photocurrent up to 2.26, and the corresponding polarimetric image sensor exhibits superior solar‐blind polarization imaging capability thanks to the high crystalline quality.
Progress of Microfluidic Hydrogel‐Based Scaffolds and Organ‐on‐Chips for the Cartilage Tissue Engineering
Authors: Tolabi Hamidreza , Davari Niyousha , Khajehmohammadi Mehran , Malektaj Haniyeh , Nazemi Katayoun , Vahedi Samaneh , Ghalandari Behafarid , Reis Rui L. , Ghorbani Farnaz , Oliveira Joaquim Miguel 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCartilage degeneration is among the fundamental reasons behind disability and pain across the globe. Numerous approaches have been employed to treat cartilage diseases. Nevertheless, none have shown acceptable outcomes in the long run. In this regard, the convergence of tissue engineering and microfabrication principles can allow developing more advanced microfluidic technologies, thus offering attractive alternatives to current treatments and traditional constructs used in tissue engineering applications. Herein, the current developments involving microfluidic hydrogel‐based scaffolds, promising structures for cartilage regeneration, ranging from hydrogels with microfluidic channels to hydrogels prepared by the microfluidic devices, that enable therapeutic delivery of cells, drugs, and growth factors, as well as cartilage‐related organ‐on‐chips are reviewed. Thereafter, cartilage anatomy and types of damages, and present treatment options are briefly overviewed. Various hydrogels are introduced, and the advantages of microfluidic hydrogel‐based scaffolds over traditional hydrogels are thoroughly discussed. Furthermore, available technologies for fabricating microfluidic hydrogel‐based scaffolds and microfluidic chips are presented. The preclinical and clinical applications of microfluidic hydrogel‐based scaffolds in cartilage regeneration and the development of cartilage‐related microfluidic chips over time are further explained. The current developments, recent key challenges, and attractive prospects that should be considered so as to develop microfluidic systems in cartilage repair are highlighted.