bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metalized Polymer Current Collector for High‐Energy Lithium‐Ion Batteries with Extreme Fast‐Charging Capability
Authors: Feng Yue , Polizos Georgios , Kalnaus Sergiy , Tao Runming , Neumayer Sabine , Steenman Wheatley , Sharma Jaswinder , Pereira Drew J. , Morin Brian , Li Jianlin 
Published: January 2025

Electric vehicles are pivotal in the global shift toward decarbonizing road transport, with lithium‐ion batteries at the heart of this technological evolution. However, the pursuit of batteries capable of extremely fast charging that also satisfy high energy and safety criteria, poses a significant challenge to current lithium‐ion batteries technologies. Additionally, the increasing demand for aluminum (Al) and copper (Cu) in electrification, solar energy technologies, and vehicle light‐eighting is driving these metals toward near‐critical status in the medium term. This study introduces metalized polythylene terephthalate (mPET) polymer films by depositing an Al or Cu thin layer onto two sides of a polyethylene terephthalate film—named mPET/Al and mPET/Cu, as lightweight, cost‐effective alternatives to traditional metal current collectors in lithium‐ion batteries. We have fabricated current collectors that significantly reduce weight (by 73%), thickness (by 33%), and cost (by 85%) compared with traditional metal foil counterparts. These advancements have the potential to enhance energy density to 280 Wh kg−1 at the electrode level under 10‐min charging at 6 C. Through testing, including a novel extremely fast charging protocol across various C‐rates and long‐term cycling (up to 1000 cycles) in different cell configurations, the superior performance of these metalized polymer films has been demonstrated. Notably, mPET/Cu and mPET/Al films exhibited comparable capacities to conventional cells under extremely fast charging, with the mPET cells showing a 27% improvement in energy density at 6 C and maintaining significant energy density after 1000 cycles. This study underscores the potential of mPET films to revolutionize the roll‐to‐roll battery manufacturing process and significantly advance the performance metrics of lithium‐ion batteries in electric vehicles applications.
Factors Influencing Iron Levels Among Women of Reproductive Age and Children 6–48 Months in Livestock‐Keeping Communities in Narok County, Kenya
Authors: Wakhungu H. K. , Abong G. , Muthike C. , Mutono N. , Muema J. , Omondi G. P. , Thumbi S. M. , Bukania Z. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTProper nutrition is vital for maintaining good health for all people across their lifespan, especially children and mothers, who are especially vulnerable due to their specific nutrient needs. Despite the necessity of improved nutrition for these groups, some members do not fully meet their recommended daily micronutrient needs, a challenge exacerbated by different socioeconomic, cultural, and communal constraints resulting in malnutrition. Iron deficiency anaemia is a major concern among children and mothers, especially in pastoralist communities, due to poor nutrition and other related factors. Using a community‐based cross sectional study, this study investigated factors associated with hemoglobin levels among children and women in Narok County, Kenya. Anthropometrics were estimated using body mass index measurements for mothers, and the nutritional status of children was calculated using Z‐score measurements. Haemoglobin was measured using a rapid test (Hemocue 301). Multiple logistic regression models were fitted to assess the association between child and maternal risk factors and anaemia. Anaemia in children was associated with age (OR = 1.99, p = 0.047), pastoralism (OR = 2.25, p = 0.002), educational of the mother (OR = 0.74, p = 0.008), severe and moderate undernourishment (OR = 1.14, p = 0.049 and OR = 1.10, p = 0.023), respectively, not meeting children dietary diversity (OR = 1.18, p = 0.027), number of people in a household (OR = 1.84, p = 0.003), and maternal age (OR = 0.30, p = 0.010). On the other hand, the occurrence of anaemia in women was associated with pastoralism (OR = 2.22, p = 0.001), having a primary school level of education (OR = 0.51, p = 0.028), pregnancy status (OR = 5.36, p = 0.002), not meeting maternal dietary diversity (OR = 1.39, p = 0.026), number of household members (OR = 1.93, p = 0.023), age of the mother (OR = 0.53, p = 0.018), and having animals infected with East Coast Fever (Theileria parva) within the household (OR = 1.10, p = 0.023). The results highlight the multifaceted nature of malnutrition, specifically anaemia in pastoral households, with interventions aimed at reducing disease infections in cattle, improved household dietary diversity, and community health education geared towards maternal and child nutrition being best placed to improve the overall household health outcomes relating to anaemia.
Trends and Clinical Implications of Pediatric Pulmonary Function After Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Systematic Review
Authors: Zhao Xiaowei , Zhao Yuqi , Ding Guoyu , Li Xue , Zhang Xiaoyue , Leng Yanli , Wang Hongmei 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackground and AimsHematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a key therapeutic approach for pediatric patients with hematologic and non‐hematologic disorders. However, post‐transplant pulmonary complications remain a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs) are essential for the early detection of pulmonary dysfunction, yet their application in pediatric HSCT recipients has yielded inconsistent results. This review aims to assess the variations in pulmonary function post‐HSCT and explore their clinical implications for pediatric patients.MethodsA systematic review was conducted by analyzing studies published between 2000 and 2024, sourced from PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI, and Wan Fang databases. The review included cohort studies, randomized controlled trials, and case‐control studies that assessed pulmonary function using standardized PFTs.ResultsPulmonary dysfunction, particularly obstructive and restrictive ventilatory disorders, is common in pediatric HSCT recipients. Significant changes in PFT parameters, such as FEV1/FVC ratio and FEF25‐75%, were observed. However, trends in post‐transplant pulmonary function vary due to factors such as pre‐transplant lung conditions, patient age, and treatment protocols. Innovative diagnostic methods, such as parametric response mapping (PRM) and multiple breath washout (MBW), show promise in enhancing early detection and management of pulmonary complications.ConclusionMonitoring pulmonary function is critical for the early identification of complications in pediatric HSCT recipients. Although standardized clinical guidelines are available, variability in PFT trends underscores the need for more refined diagnostic tools. Advanced diagnostic methods, like PRM and MBW, may improve early detection and help optimize the management of pulmonary dysfunction, ultimately improving long‐term outcomes for pediatric patients.
Parallel Chart Writing and Resilience Impact the Narrative Competence of Medical Staff in China: A Cross‐Sectional Study
Authors: Xu Yun , Guo Hongkai , Ge Guomei , Shu Jing , Liu Li , Jin Qi , Jia Junjun 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackground and AimsNarrative competence is essential for good communication between medical staff and patients. It is a powerful instrument for the delivery of holistic healthcare. However, little research focuses on the influencing factors of narrative competence and the relationships among resilience, self‐efficacy, and narrative competence. The study aims to explore the influence factors of narrative competence of medical staff and confirm the relationships among self‐efficacy, resilience, and narrative competence.MethodsA cross‐sectional survey was conducted among 606 medical staff from two affiliated hospitals in Zhejiang and Heilongjiang provinces, respectively. The participants were scored using the Chinese narrative competence scale, the brief Chinese version of the resilience scale, and the Chinese version of the self‐efficacy scale.ResultsThis study showed that the score of narrative competence was 149.76 ± 28.70, including the scores of listening dimension (48.01 ± 9.36), understanding dimension (67.75 ± 13.55), and reflecting dimension (34.00 ± 6.77). A high narrative competence score was associated with hospital location and parallel chart writing (p < 0.01). Pearson's correlation analysis showed resilience and self‐efficacy were positively related to narrative competence.ConclusionMedical staff's narrative competence is intermediate in China. Parallel chart writing and resilience would impact this competence, which should be further improved.
Pectus Carinatum Repair Using the Sandwiched Bars and Screw Fixation System: A Retrospective Cohort Study of a Single Center Experience
Authors: Vy Tran Thanh , Bang Ho Tat , Hung Ha Quoc , Cuong Lam Thao , Binh Nguyen Hoang 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackground and AimsPectus carinatum (PC) is the second most common deformity of the anterior chest wall, resulting in detrimental effects on body image and quality of life. This study evaluated the safety, effectiveness, and factors associated with the treatment of PC using a sandwiched bar and screw fixation system, first performed in Vietnam at the University Medical Center Ho Chi Minh City in 2016.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study was conducted from March 2016 to February 2023 in patients with PC and PC‐mixed pectus excavatum (PE) deformities. All patients underwent corrective surgery using the sandwiched bar and screw fixation system. Data were collected on demographic characteristics, operative time, length of hospital stay, Haller Index (HI), and postoperative complications. The effectiveness of the procedure was evaluated based on changes in the HI. Statistical analyses were performed using paired t‐tests to compare preoperative and postoperative HI values, and multivariate linear regression was used to identify factors associated with postoperative outcomes.ResultsOf the 39 consecutive patients, 12 (30.8%) had symmetric PC, 10 (25.6%) asymmetric PC, and 17 (43.6%) had PC with an excavatum complex. The mean operative time was 68.1 ± 35.8 min, and the length of stay was 5.3 ± 1.1 days. The preoperative and postoperative Haller index (HI) values were 1.96 ± 0.13 and 2.49 ± 0.14, respectively (p < 0.001). Independent variables correlated to postoperative HI included the asymmetry index absolute value (coefficient (β) = 0.649, p < 0.001) and angle of sternal rotation (β = −0.008, p < 0.001). The percentage of patients with good outcomes was 97.4%. No serious procedure‐related complications were observed.ConclusionMinimally invasive repair using the sandwiched bar and screw fixation system is an effective and safe treatment for PC. Sternal rotation and asymmetry index contribute to its effectiveness by correlating to postoperative HI.
In vivo dosimetry for proton therapy: A Monte Carlo study of the Gadolinium spectral response throughout the course of treatment
Authors: Brás Mariana , Freitas Hugo , Gonçalves Patrícia , Seco João 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundIn proton radiotherapy, the steep dose deposition profile near the end of the proton's track, the Bragg peak, ensures a more conformed deposition of dose to the tumor region when compared with conventional radiotherapy while reducing the probability of normal tissue complications. However, uncertainties, as in the proton range, patient geometry, and positioning pose challenges to the precise and secure delivery of the treatment plan (TP). In vivo range determination and dose distribution are pivotal for mitigation of uncertainties, opening the possibility to reduce uncertainty margins and for adaptation of the TP.PurposeThis study aims to explore the feasibility of utilizing gadolinium (Gd), a highly used contrast agent in MRI, as a surrogate for in vivo dosimetry during the course of scanning proton therapy, tracking the delivery of a TP and the impact of uncertainties intra‐ and inter‐fraction in the course of treatment.MethodsMonte Carlo simulations (Geant4 11.1.1) were performed, where a Gd‐filled volume was placed within a water phantom and underwent treatment with a scanning proton TP delivering 4 Gy. The secondary photons emitted upon proton‐Gd interaction were recorded and assessed for various tumor displacements. The spectral response of Gd to each pencil beam irradiation is therefore used as a surrogate for dose measurements during treatment.ResultsResults show that the deposited dose at the target volume can be tracked for each TP scanning point by correlating it with the recorded Gd signal. The analyzed Gd spectral line corresponded to the characteristic X‐ray line at 43 keV. Displacements from the planned geometry could be distinguished by observing changes in the Gd signal induced by each pencil beam. Moreover, the total 43 keV signal recorded subsequently to the full TP delivery reflected deviations from the planned integral dose to the target.ConclusionsThe study suggests that the spectral response of a Gd‐based contrast agent can be used for in vivo dosimetry, providing insights into the TP delivery. The Gd 43 keV spectral line was correlated with the dose at the tumor, its volume, and its position. Other variables that can impact the method, such as the kinetic energy of the incident protons and Gd concentration in the target were also discussed.
Hyphenation of 2D NMR With Hydrogenative PHIP
Authors: Jimmink Bono O. , Tessari Marco , Kentgens Arno P. M. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTParahydrogen induced polarisation (PHIP) is often used to enhance the sensitivity of NMR, with the purpose of extending the applicability of the technique. Nuclear spin hyperpolarisation obtained via PHIP is generally localised on the protons derived from the addition of para‐enriched hydrogen to an unsaturated substrate. This limitation has been previously addressed by pulse schemes that can spread this hyperpolarised magnetisation through the entire network of J‐coupled protons in the product molecule. Here, we extend this approach, by implementing 2D NMR spectroscopy on such network of hyperpolarised protons. This novel approach to 2D acquisition during parahydrogenation allows information to be gained from the entirety of a molecule, quicker and/or at lower concentrations than by conventional NMR. The efficacy of the method is exemplified by performing a 2D TOCSY experiment during hydrogenative PHIP, using 2‐pentyn‐1‐ol as a substrate. A 2D spectrum was obtained in a few minutes at micromolar concentration, demonstrating the applicability of this methodology.
Evaluation of Articulatory Dynamics in Palatalized Articulation Using Electropalatography and Analysis of Factors in Its Occurrence
Authors: Serizawa Shinki , Tezuka Masahiro , Suzuki Hajime , Kamikuri Yuhei , Kimura Namiko , Kibe Toshiro , Ishihata Kiyohide , Saijo Hideto 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAimWe aimed to visually evaluate the place of articulation of palatalized articulation (PA) using electropalatography (EPG) and to analyze the involvement of fistula and velopharyngeal function (VPF) as factors in the occurrence of PA.MethodsTen patients with postoperative cleft palate and auditory PA were included. The test sounds were three alveolar sounds, [t], [d], and [s], with [a] inserted before each consonant and [a], [e], and [o] inserted afterward. The test sounds were consecutively recorded five times using the EPG, and a cumulative frequency pattern was created by accumulating the maximum contact frames at the time of each consonant production to visually determine the PA. The place of articulation in the cumulative frequency pattern was subsequently evaluated in detail. The relationship between the place of articulation and fistula and VPF was statistically analyzed.ResultsAll 10 patients had PA for any of the tested sounds. The place of articulation was divided into three patterns: anterior, middle, and posterior. The relationship between the place of articulation and the fistula for PA showed a significant difference between the groups with and without a fistula (U = 0, p = 0.0167, p < 0.05). The relationship with VPF showed no statistically significant differences.ConclusionUsing EPG to visually evaluate the place of articulation of the PA, we could divide it into three positions. Furthermore, there was an association between the place of articulation and fistula, suggesting that the place of articulation is more posterior in the presence of a fistula.
Translation of the downstream ORF from bicistronic mRNAs by human cells: Impact of codon usage and splicing in the upstream ORF
Authors: Paget‐Bailly Philippe , Helpiquet Alexandre , Decourcelle Mathilde , Bories Roxane , Bravo Ignacio G. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBiochemistry textbooks describe eukaryotic mRNAs as monocistronic. However, increasing evidence reveals the widespread presence and translation of upstream open reading frames preceding the “main” ORF. DNA and RNA viruses infecting eukaryotes often produce polycistronic mRNAs and viruses have evolved multiple ways of manipulating the host's translation machinery. Here, we introduce an experimental model to study gene expression regulation from virus‐like bicistronic mRNAs in human cells. The model consists of a short upstream ORF and a reporter downstream ORF encoding a fluorescent protein. We have engineered synonymous variants of the upstream ORF to explore large parameter space, including codon usage preferences, mRNA folding features, and splicing propensity. We show that human translation machinery can translate the downstream ORF from bicistronic mRNAs, albeit reporter protein levels are thousand times lower than those from the upstream ORF. Furthermore, synonymous recoding of the upstream ORF exclusively during elongation significantly influences its own translation efficiency, reveals cryptic splice signals, and modulates the probability of downstream ORF translation. Our results are consistent with a leaky scanning mechanism facilitating downstream ORF translation from bicistronic mRNAs in human cells, offering new insights into the role of upstream ORFs in translation regulation.
Establishing and Investigating an Effective Atmosphere‐Ocean Cross‐Medium Propagation Model Based on GSM Beams
Authors: Wang Jiao , Tie Xuyan , Tan Zhenkun , Lei Sichen , Wu Pengfei , Wang Xianghui , Deng Lijun 
Published: January 2025

AbstractUsing the Gaussian‐Schell model (GSM) beam as the light source, this study creates a blue‐green beam atmosphere‐ocean cross‐medium propagation model (AOCPM) based on the extended Huygens‐Fresnel principle and the linear filtering method. The closed expression of the Cross Spectral Density Function (CSDF) of the GSM beam after propagation through atmospheric turbulence, atmosphere‐ocean interface, and ocean turbulence are derived. And the correctness of the model is verified by simulating the changes in intensity, relative beam width, and speckle normalized intensity autocorrelation function during the propagation of the GSM beam through the atmosphere‐ocean cross‐medium under different parameters. The findings demonstrate that the intensity of the GSM beam after being propagated through the atmosphere‐ocean medium presents a speckle‐like Gaussian distribution, the intensity of the GSM beam gradually attenuates, the relative beam width gradually grows, and the speckle normalized intensity autocorrelation function gradually decreases as the turbulence intensity and propagation distance increase. In addition, the increase in wind speed at rough sea surface mainly leads to the attenuation of intensity. The work of this paper provides a new idea for the study of atmosphere‐ocean cross‐medium propagation of blue‐green beams.
Polycystic ovary syndrome: Criteria, phenotypes, race and ethnicity
Authors: Baba Tsuyoshi 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrinopathy, which leads to ovulation dysfunction and infertility, as well as metabolic and mental disorders. Women with PCOS exhibit several characteristic symptoms, with marked heterogeneity across different races and ethnicities.MethodsIn this review, the author outlines the phenotypic disparities of PCOS among various racial and ethnic populations. First, the prevalence of major symptoms in different racial and ethnic groups with PCOS is summarized. Next, the effects of four phenotypes, derived from the Rotterdam criteria for PCOS, on metabolic and reproductive features are recapitulated.Main FindingsA growing body of evidence suggests that East Asian populations exhibit less hirsutism and adiposity compared with other groups. However, hirsutism is more prevalent in South Asian, Middle Eastern, and Hispanic populations. Hispanic and African American populations have more frequent obesity and insulin resistance. With regard to the association between mental disorders and racial and ethnic differences, limited studies exist; therefore, no conclusions can be drawn.ConclusionRace and ethnicity‐specific factors related to PCOS must be considered in clinical practice. The diagnostic criteria of PCOS should be specific to race and ethnicity to avoid missing treatment opportunities.
Leveraging Long‐Life Alkaline Redox Flow Batteries Using Durable and High‐Hydroxide Exchange N‐Bridged Triazine Framework Membranes
Authors: Sharma Jeet , Gupta Richa , Ramanujam Kothandaraman , Kulshrestha Vaibhav 
Published: January 2025

AbstractFluorine‐free organic framework polyelectrolyte membranes showing near frictionless ionic conductivities are gaining cognitive insights. However, the co‐precipitation of COFs in the membranes often brings trade‐offs to commission long‐life electrochemical energy storage solutions. Herein, a durable and ionically miscible dual‐ion exchange membrane based on triazine organic framework (TOF) is designed for alkaline redox flow batteries (RFB). Bearing dual ion‐exchange architectures, the all‐hydrocarbon TOF‐based PEMs (sTOF's) surpass fluorinated Nafion in terms of energy efficiency (>80%), energy density, and peak power densities. The fabricated sTOF's evidenced the highest net ion‐exchange of >2.1 meq g−1 which encourages electrolyte utilization with ≈100% and offers excellent capacities. Moreover, >97% efficiencies are preserved, and rate capability studies illustrate that, with sTOF‐5, the RFB can operate at reduced overpotentials (η ≤200 mV) and can uplift batteries life. The sTOF's supports successful demonstrations of batteries at higher redoxolyte concentrations thereby multiplying the energy densities. The afterlife performance of sTOF‐5 revealed efficiencies equivalent to fresh Nafion‐117 and surpassed bearing >50% capacity after ≈3000 continuous cycles. With sTOF‐5, the cell delivered a peak power (Pmax) of 2.3 W which is ≈60% higher than that of Nafion‐117 (Pmax = 1.45 W).