bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Overcoming Intercultural Obstacles in Translation
Authors: Timalsina Ramji 
Published: June 2023

One major obstacle in the process of translation is the transfer of culture from the source text to the translated one. The source text’s language naturally carries the culture where it is used both in life and writing. So is the case of the language used in the translated text. Here lies the problem of cultural transfer from the source to the translated text. This article deals with the same problem in general and the transfer of Nepali text into English in particular. Currently, available theories of translation and their focus in regard to the obstacles of transferring the culture through translation and their possible solutions have been reviewed as the theoretical support for the discussion. The examples have been supplied from different languages and their translation with a major focus on the translation of Nepali text into English and vice-versa. This article will be useful for the researchers of Nepali translation into English and other languages.
ANALISIS PERENCANAAN PENGGUNAAN PAGU ANGGARAN DALAM MENINGKATKAN EFEKTIVITAS KEGIATAN DI BIDANG PARIWISATA PADA DINAS KEPEMUDAAN OLAHRAGA DAN PARIWISATA KOTA SUKABUMI
Authors: Kanias Gia 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRAK
Gia Kanias (2030615001) Planning Analysis on the Use of Budget Ceilings in Increasing the Effectiveness of Activities in the Tourism Sector at the Sukabumi City Sports and Tourism Youth Service.

The Sukabumi City Youth, Sports and Tourism Office is an institution that plays a role in assisting the Mayor in carrying out government affairs in the Youth, Sports and Tourism Sector which are the regional authority and Assistant Tasks assigned to the Region. This study aims: (1) To explain how budget planning is passed down to SKPD. (2) To explain how the budget ceiling is used in the tourism sector for one year. (3) To explain how the effectiveness of budget planning in the field of tourism. This research method is descriptive qualitative, namely by going directly to the field which was carried out at the Sukabumi City DISPORAPAR. Data obtained by conducting observations, interviews and Documentation Studies. The steps taken for research purposes (1) conduct research on how the budget ceiling can fall to each SKPD/Dinas. (2) Conduct research on how budget ceilings are used in the tourism sector. (3) calculating effectiveness by looking at the data in the 2020-2021 Tourism Sector budget realization report.

The results of the research conducted concluded that: (1) The process of preparing the regional income and expenditure budget in the Disporapar of Sukabumi City, especially the Tourism Sector, is all in accordance with Permendagri Number 21 of 2011. (2) The budget ceiling used in the tourism sector has followed the correct flow that has been determined by the head of planning and finance disporapar. (3) The implementation of the budget at the Disporapar City of Sukabumi for the 2020-2021 Fiscal Year has been effective. It was found that the percentage ratio for 2020 is 98% which can be said to be effective and for 2021 is 100% which can be said to be very effective. In the government, especially in the tourism sector, it has carried out a maximum effectiveness of 100% because if more than 100% it is considered a waste of the budget and inefficient.

Keywords: Use of Budget Ceilings in Increasing the Effectiveness of Activities in the Tourism Sector at the Sukabumi City Youth, Sports and Tourism Office
Evaluation of morphological changes of the pancreas in the conditions of experimental action of sodium glutamate
Authors: Litvak Yu. V. 
Published: June 2023

Sodium glutamate, also known as monosodium glutamate (MSG), is frequently used as a flavor enhancer in the food industry. Excessive consumption of sodium glutamate can be harmful to human health. The aim of this study was to investigate the morphological features of the exocrine part of the pancreatic gland under experimental conditions with prolonged exposure to sodium glutamate in the diet. In the experimental study on rats after modeling the action of monosodium glutamate (sodium glutamate) at a dose of 70 mg/kg body weight, the exocrine part of the pancreatic gland was examined using light and electron microscopy after 2, 3, and 5-7 weeks. The experimental study was conducted on white male laboratory rats of reproductive age with an average weight of 168.0±5.0 g. The animals were randomized into two groups: group 1 (n=6) included intact rats and group 2 (n=15) consisted of animals receiving sodium glutamate in their diet. Histological specimens were stained with hematoxylin, eosin, and azan, and electron microscopy samples were stained using the Reynolds method. The results were statistically analyzed using ANOVA analysis with Statistics 20.0.0.2 software. At the early stage of the experiment, changes were observed in the acini with the formation of small clusters comprising 2-3 acinar cells exhibiting increased accumulation of zymogen, which is an early important sign of pancreatitis. Swelling and replacement of the pancreatic gland with connective and adipose tissue progressed over the study period and were accompanied by structural alterations in the pancreatic gland. Round-cell infiltrates appeared in the areas where ducts and vascular bundles were located starting from the 5th week of observation, indicating the development of an inflammatory process. Histopathological changes at the 6th and 7th weeks following prolonged administration of sodium glutamate were similar to the pattern of pancreatitis in humans. Atrophy, degenerative changes, and inflammation were observed in the exocrine part of the pancreatic gland after 6-7 weeks of prolonged oral sodium glutamate intake. Thus, prolonged inclusion of sodium glutamate at a dose of 70 mg/kg body weight in the diet leads to irreversible destructive, degenerative, and inflammatory changes in the pancreatic gland.
The Chaouch of Marseille
Authors: Beaujon Danielle 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In 1928, the French government created a bureau in Marseille to both control and help North African migrants, an organization eventually called the Bureau des Affaires Musulmanes Nord-Africaines (BAMNA). Throughout the BAMNA's many name changes and structural reorganizations over the years, Mohamed Ben Hadj remained constant as the bureau's only North African employee. This article traces Ben Hadj's career within the BAMNA, using his professional trajectory to explore the mechanisms and disfunction of colonial governance in the metropole. Ben Hadj created his own role as an urban, metropolitan intermediary, leveraging his personal connections to build a sphere of influence in Marseille's North African community. Ben Hadj's rise to power within the BAMNA reveals the importance of this type of intermediary for understanding imperial control in the metropole.
Prevalencia y características sociodemográficas de malaria urbana en la comuna 5 de San Andrés de Tumaco-Nariño. Año 2019
Authors: Perdomo Andrea , Martínez Sandra , Carrasquilla Gabriel , Jiménez Mónica 
Published: June 2023

Objetivo: Conocer la prevalencia de malaria y las características sociodemográficas de la población en el área urbana del municipio de Tumaco – Nariño.
Métodos: Estudio de corte transversal descriptivo, en San Andrés de Tumaco-Nariño Colombia, entre el 1 de julio y el 30 de septiembre del 2019. Fueron incluidas 1.504 personas. Se realizaron pruebas de gota gruesa (GG) y diagnóstico rápido (PDR) para determinación de prevalencia y un cuestionario que indagó por condiciones de las viviendas y factores sociodemográficos relacionados con la presentación de malaria.
Resultados: La prevalencia general de malaria fue de 0,73% (IC 95%:0,36-1,30%), lo que corresponde a 11 casos por GG y 0,53% (IC 95%: 0,22-1,0%), 8 casos por PDR; todos los casos detectados por GG, lo fueron también por PDR. La muestra de la población estuvo conformada 1.504 personas, de las cuales el 64,69% (973) fueron mujeres, población negra o afrodescendiente el 95,68% (1.439), con ingresos menores a 1 SMLV el 81,05% (1.219). El material de construcción de las viviendas fue ladrillo o bloque 55,97 % (295) y madera burda 29,60% (156). Amplia cobertura de energía eléctrica 99,24% (523), gas 96,96% (511) y acueducto 77,04% (406), inexistencia de alcantarillado y sistemas de eliminación de excretas.
Discusión: Identificar los factores asociados a la dinámica de la enfermedad permite priorizar las necesidades de eliminación y proponer estrategias coherentes de prevención y gestión. Es necesario fortalecer la capacidad técnica y la oportunidad en la aplicación de pruebas de diagnóstico rápido. El área urbana de San Andrés de Tumaco continúa siendo hipoendémica para malaria y presenta factores sociodemográficos que pueden dificultar su eliminación.
Problems of Methodology of the Dialogue Between Science and Religion
Authors: Чернобровкин М.В. 
Published: June 2023

В статье рассматриваются такие проблемные области диалога науки и религии, как: вопрос о необходимости такого диалога, вопрос о его принципиальной возможности и вопрос о способе его осуществления. Необходимость диалога науки и религии выводится из внутренних закономерностей развития данных дисциплин. С одной стороны, познание Бога человеком невозможно без посредства реалий материального бытия, поскольку человек осуществляет познание, опираясь на познавательный опыт своей телесной составляющей. С другой стороны, наука не существует без мировоззренческого контекста, потому что ценностные ориентиры не могут выводиться из самой науки. Возможность диалога науки и религии обусловлена единством познающего субъекта — человека, а также единством субъекта, дающего познание — Бога. Человек познаёт и науку, и религию одним и тем же умом, а Бог создал всё сущее и дал Откровение единой творческой силой. В качестве способа осуществления диалога науки и религии предлагается различение науки и религии как двух языков описания реальности. Язык науки описывает мир как систему фактов с целью обеспечения удобства и безопасности временной жизни. Язык религии описывает реальность символически с целью установления личностного единства человека с Богом в вечности.
The article deals with such problematic areas of the dialogue between science and religion as: the question of the need for such a dialogue, the question of its fundamental possibility and the question of how to implement it. The need for the dialogue between science and religion is derived from the internal laws of the development of these disciplines. On the one hand, man's cognition of God is impossible without the medium of the realities of material existence, since man carries out cognition based on the cognitive experience of his bodily component. On the other hand, science cannot exist without a worldview context, because value orientations cannot be derived from science itself. The possibility of the dialogue between science and religion is conditioned by the unity of the cognizing subject – man, as well as the unity of the subject giving knowledge – God. Man learns both science and religion with the same mind, and God created all things and gave Revelation with the single creative force. As a way of carrying out the dialogue between science and religion, the distinction between science and religion as two languages of describing reality is proposed. The language of science describes the world as a system of facts in order to ensure the convenience and security of temporary life. The language of religion describes reality symbolically in order to establish the personal unity of man with God in eternity.
The Development of Orthodoxy in Yongpingfu and Its Environs
Authors: Литвин А.Ю. 
Published: June 2023

Цель исследования — показать причины развития и упадка миссионерского дела в городе Юнпинфу и его области, в китайской провинции Чжили, как общего приложимого к миссионерскому делу в целом. Исследование проведено с помощью хронологического и аналитическо-сравнительного методов. Временные рамки исследования — с 1898 г. по 1916 г. Можно отметить, что открытие стана в Юнпинфу было большим прорывом в миссионерской деятельности Пекинской духовной миссии и имело большие последствия для распространения Православия в этом регионе. Было крещено множество людей, открыты ещё два храма и множество станов. Вместе с тем отмечались причины, не способствовавшие большему успеху миссии. В основном, их было две — отсутствие необходимых финансов и достаточного числа людей. Тем не менее, этот регион являлся самым успешным, благодаря большой активности миссионеров и введению должности тех, кто их заменял во время их отсутствия. Рассмотрению истории распространения здесь православия и посвящено это исследование
The purpose of the study is to show the reasons for the development and deceleration of the missionary work in the Yongpingfu area, in Zhili province, as a general applicable to the mission as a whole. It can be noted that the opening of the camp in Yongpingfu was a great breakthrough in the missionary activity of the Beijing Spiritual Mission, and had great consequences for the spread of Orthodoxy in this region. Many people were baptized, 2 more churches and many camps were opened. At the same time, reasons were also noted that did not contribute to even greater success of the mission. There were basically 2 of them — the lack of the necessary ﬁnances and a sufﬁcient number of people. nevertheless, this region was the most successful, thanks to the great activity of the missionaries and the introduction of the ofﬁce of those who replaced them during their absence. This study is devoted to the consideration of the history of the spread of Orthodoxy here.
History of Foreign and Domestic Post-Soviet Research in the Field of Slavic Mythology and Folk Beliefs
Authors: Корытко О. 
Published: June 2023

Данная статья завершает цикл статей, посвящённых обзору научных исследований в области верований восточных славян и опубликованных в номерах «Богословского вестника» № 1 (44), № 3 (46) и № 4 (47) за 2022 г. В работе представлен очерк наиболее заметных трудов, вышедших за рубежом в XX — начале XXI вв., в которых исследуется духовная культура древних славян (в первую очередь восточных) и рассматриваются вопросы возможного влияния дохристианских представлений на бытовую религиозность народа. Указываются наиболее важные достижения авторов и выявляются основные направления научного поиска. Вместе с тем даётся анализ трудов по обозначенной теме в русскоязычной науке в постсоветский период. Автор приходит к выводу о необходимости развития междисциплинарных исследований как наиболее перспективных. Методология, применяемая при составлении обзора, носит комплексный характер с учётом не только данных, предоставленных светскими науками (филологией, этнографией, религиоведением, фольклористикой), но и с опорой на богословское видение описываемых феноменов.
This article completes the series of articles devoted to the review of academic research in the realm of beliefs of the Eastern Slavs published in the issues of Theological Herald, no. 1 (44), no. 3 (46) and no. 4 (47) of 2022. The paper presents an outline of the most notable works published abroad in the 20th — early 21st centuries which explore the spiritual culture of the ancient Slavs (primarily Eastern ones) and examine possible inﬂuences of pre-Christian ideas on the everyday religiosity of the people. The most important achievements of the authors are indicated and the main trends of academic exploration are identiﬁed. Along with that, an analysis of works on the designated topic in post-Soviet Russian-speaking studies is given. The author comes to the conclusion that it is necessary to develop interdisciplinary research as the most promising one. The methodology used in compiling the review is complex, considering not only the data provided by secular studies (philology, ethnography, religious studies, folklore studies), but also based on the theological vision of the described phenomena.
Reception of the Biblical Text in the Russian Classical Literature: The Problem of the Russian Classics’ Perception by Contemporary Readers
Authors: Артёмов Николай Сергеевич 
Published: June 2023

В исследовании рассматривается русская классическая литература с позиции православного христианского мировоззрения, отмечается первостепенная роль литературы в России как средства сохранения библейского текста и устоев Восточной Церкви. Уделяется внимание и иной, ложной трактовке текстов русской классики, внедрённой в литературоведение и в сознание людей в XX веке — в эпоху отрицания религии на государственном уровне и открытой борьбы с ней. Исследование опирается на тексты таких классиков, как Пушкин, Лермонтов, Достоевский и Пастернак. Цель исследования заключается, во-первых, в стремлении проиллюстрировать на примере выбранных авторов тезис о том, что русская классическая литература в своих лучших проявлениях — вся библейская, она пронизана христианскими архетипами, изобилует прямыми цитатами из Священного Писания; во-вторых, в попытке проследить то, как соответственно эпохе библейские мотивы всё более и более проникали в тексты писателей, из чего делается вывод об особом промыслительном значении отечественной письменности. Таким образом, исследование приходит к следующему заключению: лишь сквозь призму христианского учения можно в полной мере осмыслить содержание текстов отечественной литературы.
The study examines the Russian classical literature from the position of the Orthodox Christian worldview; it notes the primary role of literature in Russia as a mean of preserving both the Biblical text and the foundations of the Eastern Christian Church. Attention is also paid to a different, false interpretation of the Russian classics’ texts, introduced into literary studies and into people’s consciousness in the 20th century, in the era of the denial of religion and open struggle against it at the state level. The research is based on the texts of such classics as Pushkin, Lermontov, Dostoevsky and Pasternak. The purpose of the study is, firstly, to illustrate by the example of the selected authors the thesis that the Russian classical literature is all-Biblical in its best manifestations, it is full of the Christian archetypes, abounds in direct quotations from the Holy Scriptures; secondly, to make an attempt to trace how, according to the epoch, Biblical motives can be often found in the texts of these writers, and there can be drawn the conclusion about the special providential significance of the national written language. Thus, the following conclusion is drawn in the study: only through the prism of the Christian teaching it is possible to fully comprehend the content of the Russian literature’s texts.
When the Stone is Thrown: the Image of Lisa («Notes from Underground» by F. M. Dostoevsky) as a Harbinger of Sonya Marmeladova
Authors: Суркова Анастасия Николаевна 
Published: June 2023

В статье рассматривается образ Лизы в романе Ф. М. Достоевского «Записки из подполья». Идеи и черты, которые читатель видит в Лизе, получают возможность развития в Соне Мармеладовой, более целостном позднем персонаже Достоевского. Писатель по-разному определяет положение своих героинь в сюжетной канве произведений, но в то же время объединяет их с помощью евангельского образа прощенной Христом блудницы.
The article examines the image of Lisa in F. M. Dostoevsky’s novel «Notes from the Underground». The ideas and traits that the reader sees in Lisa are developed in Sonya Marmeladova, the later, more integral, character of Dostoevsky. The writer defines the position of his heroines in the plot outline of his works in different ways, but at the same time he unites them with the help of the evangelical image of a whore forgiven by Christ.
N. A. Berdyaev about Dostoevsky-the anthologist
Authors: Фёдорова Полина Сергеевна 
Published: June 2023

Труд Н. А. Бердяева «Миросозерцание Достоевского» являет собой философское осмысление творчества писателя. Стремясь познать духовный мир Ф. М. Достоевского, Н. А. Бердяев приходит к выводу, что писатель является антропологом, а значит, стремится показать человека не только с внешней (социальной) стороны, но и с духовной. Духовность человека, по мнению богослова, проявляется при столкновении со свободой — это можно проследить и в произведениях Ф. М. Достоевского. Уписателя свобода связана с выбором между добром и злом. Как с этим выбором справляются персонажи — интерес не только Ф. М. Достоевского и Н. А. Бердяева, но и современных исследователей.
The work of N. A. Berdyaev «The Worldview of Dostoevsky» is a philosophical interpretation of the writer’s work. Striving to know the spiritual world of F. M. Dostoevsky, N. A. Berdyaev comes to the conclusion that the writer is an anthropologist, which means that he seeks to show a person not only from the external (social) side, but also from the spiritual side. According to the theologian, the spirituality of a person manifests itself when confronted with freedom — this can be traced in the works of F. M. Dostoevsky. For a writer, freedom is associated with a choice between good and evil. How the characters cope with this choice is of interest not only to F. M. Dostoevsky and N. A. Berdyaev, but also to modern researchers.
The Features of German-Japanese Cooperation in the Sphere of Security and Defence in the Early 2020-s
Authors: Trunov Philipp 
Published: June 2023

Historically Germany and Japan have both played significant roles in the creation of a new world order. Today it is evident that each of the two countries has impact over the transformation of the “collective” West and its relations with the non-West. The roles of Germany and Japan in the processes could increase significantly if they establish multi-track and comprehensive cooperation in the field of security and defense. The article seeks to explore the features and its prospects in the early 2020s.

The scientific paper notes the parallelism of the historic experience of each country in the realization of power`s ambitions, especially during the Second World War, capitulation and further joining the group of Western democracies. The reasons of rather limited German-Japanese cooperation during the 1990-s — 2010-s are explored. The confrontations between the Euro-Atlantic community and Russia, as well as between USA, increasing number of their partners (including Japan) and China have set the framework conditions for the development of German-Japanese cooperation in political and military fields. However, the process only fully began at the turn of the 2010s — 2020s. The article issues the role of Japan as Germany`s partner in the region, the content and narrow places of political dialogue and military cooperation. The author contemplates how the influence of the USA as Japan’s key ally, Tokyo’s participation in Quad and Partners in the Blue Pacific might impact Japanese cooperation with Germany in the context of its participation in the PRC`s containment.