bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A new patient-specific overformed anatomical implant design method to reconstruct dysplastic femur trochlea
Authors: Öztürk Yetkin , Ayazoğlu Murat , Öztürk Çağrı , Arabacı Atakan , Solak Nuri , Özsoy Serhat 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPatellar luxation with condylar defect is a challenging situation for reconstruction in humans. Patella reluxation, cartilage damage and pain are the most common complications. This study aims to present a new patient specific method of overformed implant design and clinical implantation that prevents luxation of patella without damaging the cartilage in a dog. Design processes are Computer Tomography, Computer Assisted Design, rapid prototyping of the bone replica, creation of the implant with surgeon’s haptic knowledge on the bone replica, 3D printing of the implant and clinical application. The implant was fully seated on the bone. Patella reluxation or implant-related bone problem was not observed 80 days after the operation. However, before the implant application, there were soft tissue problems due to previous surgeries. Three-point bending test and finite element analysis were performed to determine the biomechanical safety of the implant. The stress acting on the implant was below the biomechanical limits of the implant. More cases with long-term follow-up are needed to confirm the success of this method in patellar luxation. Compared with trochlear sulcoplasty and total knee replacement, there was no cartilage damage done by surgeons with this method, and the implant keeps the patella functionally in sulcus. This is a promising multidisciplinary method that can be applied to any part of the bone and can solve some orthopaedic problems with surgeon’s haptic knowledge.
Variability by region and method in human brain sodium concentrations estimated by 23Na magnetic resonance imaging: a meta-analysis
Authors: Ridley Ben , Morsillo Filomena , Zaaraoui Wafaa , Nonino Francesco 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSodium imaging (23Na-MRI) is of interest in neurological conditions given potential sensitivity to the physiological and metabolic status of tissues. Benchmarks have so far been restricted to parenchyma or grey/white matter (GM/WM). We investigate (1) the availability of evidence, (2) regional pooled estimates and (3) variability attributable to region/methodology. MEDLINE literature search for tissue sodium concentration (TSC) measured in specified ‘healthy’ brain regions returned 127 reports, plus 278 retrieved from bibliographies. 28 studies met inclusion criteria, including 400 individuals. Reporting variability led to nested data structure, so we used multilevel meta-analysis and a random effects model to pool effect sizes. The pooled mean from 141 TSC estimates was 40.51 mM (95% CI 37.59–43.44; p < 0.001, I2Total=99.4%). Tissue as a moderator was significant (F214 = 65.34, p-val < .01). Six sub-regional pooled means with requisite statistical power were derived. We were unable to consider most methodological and demographic factors sought because of non-reporting, but each factor included beyond tissue improved model fit. Significant residual heterogeneity remained. The current estimates provide an empirical point of departure for better understanding in 23Na-MRI. Improving on current estimates supports: (1) larger, more representative data collection/sharing, including (2) regional data, and (3) agreement on full reporting standards.
Exfoliation procedure-dependent optical properties of solution deposited MoS2 films
Authors: Busch Robert T. , Sun Lirong , Austin Drake , Jiang Jie , Miesle Paige , Susner Michael A. , Conner Benjamin S. , Jawaid Ali , Becks Shannon T. , Mahalingam Krishnamurthy , Velez Michael A. , Torsi Riccardo , Robinson Joshua A. , Rao Rahul , Glavin Nicholas R. , Vaia Richard A. , Pachter Ruth , Joshua Kennedy W. , Vernon Jonathan P. , Stevenson Peter R. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe development of high-precision large-area optical coatings and devices comprising low-dimensional materials hinges on scalable solution-based manufacturability with control over exfoliation procedure-dependent effects. As such, it is critical to understand the influence of technique-induced transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) optical properties that impact the design, performance, and integration of advanced optical coatings and devices. Here, we examine the optical properties of semiconducting MoS2 films from the exfoliation formulations of four prominent approaches: solvent-mediated exfoliation, chemical exfoliation with phase reconversion, redox exfoliation, and native redox exfoliation. The resulting MoS2 films exhibit distinct refractive indices (n), extinction coefficients (k), dielectric functions (ε1 and ε2), and absorption coefficients (α). For example, a large index contrast of Δn ≈ 2.3 is observed. These exfoliation procedures and related chemistries produce different exfoliated flake dimensions, chemical impurities, carrier doping, and lattice strain that influence the resulting optical properties. First-principles calculations further confirm the impact of lattice defects and doping characteristics on MoS2 optical properties. Overall, incomplete phase reconfiguration (from 1T to mixed crystalline 2H and amorphous phases), lattice vacancies, intraflake strain, and Mo oxidation largely contribute to the observed differences in the reported MoS2 optical properties. These findings highlight the need for controlled technique-induced effects as well as the opportunity for continued development of, and improvement to, liquid phase exfoliation methodologies. Such chemical and processing-induced effects present compelling routes to engineer exfoliated TMDC optical properties toward the development of next-generation high-performance mirrors, narrow bandpass filters, and wavelength-tailored absorbers.
Motor Speech Phenotypes in Children With Epilepsy: Preliminary Findings
Authors: Allison Kristen , Stoeckel Ruth , Olsen Emily , Tallman Sarah , Iuzzini-Seigel Jenya 
Published: February 2023

Purpose:
This exploratory study aimed to characterize motor speech impairments in a small sample of children with epilepsy, both with and without a known seizure etiology. A secondary aim was to evaluate the validity of the Profile for Childhood Apraxia of speech and Dysarthria (ProCAD), a newly developed tool for differential diagnosis of childhood apraxia of speech and dysarthria.

Method:
Thirteen children with seizure disorders completed a comprehensive speech and language assessment. Three expert speech-language pathologists rated the presence of auditory-perceptual features of motor speech impairment using the ProCAD. Motor speech features, diagnoses, and standardized test scores were compared between children with a known seizure etiology and children with idiopathic epilepsy.

Results:
Nine of the 13 children exhibited motor speech impairment; dysarthria was the most common diagnosis. Most children (11/13) exhibited language impairment. Group comparisons showed that children with a known seizure etiology had more atypical motor speech features and lower language scores than children with idiopathic seizures.

Conclusion:
These preliminary findings suggest a high rate of motor speech impairment among children with epilepsy.
Interarticulator Speech Coordination: Timing Is of the Essence
Authors: Masapollo Matthew , Nittrouer Susan 
Published: February 2023

Purpose:

In skilled speech production, sets of articulators, such as the jaw, tongue, and lips, work cooperatively to achieve task-specific movement goals, despite rampant contextual variation. Efforts to understand these functional units, termed
coordinative structures,
have focused on identifying the essential control parameters responsible for allowing articulators to achieve these goals, with some research focusing on temporal parameters (relative timing of movements) and other research focusing on spatiotemporal parameters (phase angle of movement onset for one articulator, relative to another). Here, both types of parameters were investigated and compared in detail.

Method:
Ten talkers recorded nonsense, disyllabic /tV#Cat/ utterances using electromagnetic articulography, with alternative V (/ɑ/−/ɛ/) and C (/t/−/d/), across variation in rate (fast–slow) and stress (first syllable stressed–unstressed). Two measures were obtained: (a) the timing of tongue-tip raising onset for medial C, relative to jaw opening–closing cycles and (b) the angle of tongue-tip raising onset, relative to the jaw phase plane.

Results:
Results showed that any manipulation that shortened the jaw opening-closing cycle reduced both the relative timing and phase angle of the tongue-tip movement onset, but relative timing of tongue-tip movement onset scaled more consistently with jaw opening-closing across rate and stress variation.

Conclusion:
These findings suggest the existence of an intrinsic timing mechanism (or “central clock”) that is the primary control parameter for coordinative structures, with online compensation then allowing these structures to achieve their goals spatially.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.22144259
Cosmic gas highways in C-EAGLE simulations
Authors: Vurm I. , Nevalainen J. , Hong S. E. , Bahé Y. M. , Dalla Vecchia C. , Heinämäki P. 
Published: February 2023

Context. A substantial fraction of cosmic baryons is expected to hide in the form of diffuse warm-hot intergalactic medium (WHIM) at X-ray temperatures (T = 105 − 107 K). Due to the expected low density of WHIM, it has been very difficult to detect so far. A statistically significant sample of credible detections of the WHIM phase might help solve the problem of the missing cosmic baryons. While the majority of cosmic gas is approximately at rest inside the filaments of the Cosmic Web, the fraction of gas located close to galaxy clusters is falling towards them with substantial velocities. The infalling gas is influenced by the increasing density in the cluster vicinity and eventually undergoes a termination shock, which may boost its X-ray signal. Thus, the cluster outskirts are potential locations for improved detectability of the missing baryons.
Aims. The primary goal of this work is to identify optimal locations of the enhanced X-ray emission and absorption, arising from the interaction of infalling filamentary gas with cluster material. Our further goal is to improve our understanding of the various physical processes affecting WHIM as it falls towards clusters of galaxies along the cosmic filaments. We aim to utilise this information for planning future X-ray observations of WHIM in cluster outskirts.
Methods. We applied the DisPerSE filament finder to the galaxy distribution in the surroundings of a single Coma-like (M200 ∼ 1015.4 M⊙) simulated C-EAGLE cluster of galaxies. We characterised the distribution of the thermodynamic properties of the gas in such filaments and provided a physical interpretation for the results. This analysis serves as a proof of method to be applied to the full C-EAGLE sample in a future work.
Results. We captured a large fraction (∼50%) of the hot (T >  105.5 K) gas falling towards the cluster in the detected filaments in the cluster outskirts. The gas in the filaments is in approximate free fall all the way down to the radial distance of ∼2 r200 from the cluster. At smaller radii, the filament gas begins to slow down due to the increasing pressure of the ambient gas; approximately half of the filament gas nevertheless penetrates into the cluster before being decelerated. The deceleration is accompanied by the conversion of gas bulk kinetic energy into heat. As a result, the density and temperature of the gas in the filaments increase from the general Cosmic Web level of ρ ∼ 10ρav (where ρav is the cosmic mean baryon density) and T = 105 − 106 K at r ∼ 4 r200 towards ρ ∼ 100ρav and T = 107 − 108 K at the virial boundary of the very massive cluster studied in this paper.
Conclusions. The detection of the cosmic filaments of galaxies around clusters may provide a practical observational avenue for locating the densest and hottest phase of the missing baryons.
Überblick über die ambulanten interdisziplinären Schulungsprogramme für Kinder und Jugendliche mit Adipositas in Deutschland
Authors: Böttcher Marleen , Sergeyev Elena , Stoltze Anette , Gesing Julia , Kaspar Anika , Stein Robert , Göpel Erik , Kiess Wieland 
Published: February 2023

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGAdipositas bei Kindern und Jugendlichen ist ein weltweites Problem und Herausforderung für die öffentliche Gesundheit. Die Covid-19-Pandemie bringt massive Auswirkungen auf die Gesundheit und führt durch soziale Distanzierung und Isolation und Verringerung der körperlichen Aktivität zu Veränderungen des Lebensstils. Die Behandlung der Adipositas im Zeitalter der Covid-19-Pandemie ist aktueller denn je. Dieser Artikel gibt einen Überblick über die ambulanten interdisziplinären Therapieangebote für Kinder und Jugendliche in Deutschland.
Pubertätsentwicklung und Adipositas
Authors: Stein Robert , Sergeyev Elena , Göpel Eric , Stoltze Anette , Gesing Julia , Pfäffle Roland , Körner Antje , Kiess Wieland 
Published: February 2023

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDie Beurteilung der Pubertätsentwicklung sowie Übergewicht und Adipositas sind tagtäglicher Bestandteil der pädiatrischen Praxis. Dabei beeinflussen sich Pubertätsentwicklung und Adipositas wechselseitig. Während Mädchen mit Adipositas häufig eine Pubertätsakzeleration aufweisen, sind die Daten bei Jungen weniger eindeutig. Möglicherweise verursacht Übergewicht hier eine Pubertätsbeschleunigung und Adipositas eine Pubertätsverzögerung. Leicht erhöhte Androgenspiegel bei Mädchen sowie leicht erhöhte Östrogenspiegel bei Jungen und eine präpubertäre Wachstumsakzeleration bei beiden Geschlechtern sind häufige Phänomene bei Kindern mit Adipositas. Die Ursachen sind multifaktoriell. Hierbei spielt das Fettgewebe eine entscheidende Rolle, sowohl durch die zentrale Aktivierung der Hypothalamus-Hypophysen-Gonadenachse über Leptin und Kisspeptin als auch durch periphere Effekte, wie beispielweise die Umwandlung von Androgenen zu Östrogen. Syndrome, welche sowohl Störungen der Pubertätsentwicklung als auch Adipositas umfassen, dürfen bei der klinischen Einschätzung nicht übersehen werden. Zur Einschätzung der altersgerechten Pubertätsentwicklung bei Kindern und Jugendlichen mit Adipositas kann in Kenntnis der typischen Veränderungen und Warnzeichen in den meisten Fällen jedoch auf weitere Diagnostik verzichtet und der Verlauf vorerst beobachtet werden.
Angeborene und erworbene Hypothyreose: Wie interpretiere ich Schilddrüsenwerte richtig?
Authors: Gesing Julia , Stoltze Anette , Göpel Eric , Pfäffle Roland , Kiess Wieland 
Published: February 2023

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDer Mangel von Schilddrüsenhormonen hat starke Auswirkungen auf die Entwicklung von Kindern und Jugendlichen. Wachstumsretardierung, Gewichtszunahme, aber auch Depressionen gehören zu den typischen Symptomen. Die frühe Entwicklung des zentralen Nervensystems ist im Besonderen auf Schilddrüsenhormone angewiesen. Fehlen diese, kommt es zu einer schweren mentalen Retardierung, Kleinwuchs und Innenohrschwerhörigkeit, dem Bild eines Kretinismus. Je nach Manifestationsalter unterscheiden wir die angeborene von der erworbenen Hypothyreose. In Abhängigkeit der Ursachen können primäre und sekundäre Formen vorliegen. Beim Neugeborenen wird eine primäre Hypothyreose durch ein auffälliges Neugeborenenscreening erfasst. Eine zentrale angeborene Hypothyreose muss jedoch klinisch diagnostiziert werden. Eine erworbene Hypothyreose kann sich in jedem Lebensalter manifestieren, wobei die klinischen Zeichen häufig unspezifisch sind. Diese Übersicht soll helfen, betroffene Kinder durch Anamnese und Klinik besser identifizieren zu können und die Schilddrüsenparameter richtig zu interpretieren.
Procedural Sedation in Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Al-Jureidini Saadeh , Al-Jureidini Shadi , Patel Reema , Peterson Renuka , Czajka Michael , Fiore Andrew 
Published: February 2023

AbstractProcedural sedation in patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. It is vital for the practitioner to fully understand the complexity of lesions, their hemodynamics, and the impact of medications commonly used for procedural sedation on the stability of systemic vascular resistance and pulmonary flow. According to the literature, we explain the interaction of the systemic vascular resistance and pulmonary flow in such lesions and divide them into five categories outlined in this article: (1) CHDs with left-to-right shunt with normal pulmonary arterial pressure and resistance, (2) CHD with left-to-right shunt and moderate to severe elevation of pulmonary arterial pressure with near-normal pulmonary vascular resistance, (3) CHD with pulmonary flow dependent on systemic vascular resistance, (4) patients with congenital coronary stenosis and coronary anomalies, and 5) aortic obstructive lesions.
Decomposition of productivity growth among the cooperative banks in Jammu and Kashmir (India)
Authors: Zaman Aadil Ummar , Khan Nisar Ahmad 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis paper uses the non-parametric Malmquist productivity index to investigate the total productivity change among the cooperative banks in Jammu and Kashmir from 2004 to 2019. Analysing the peculiarities of cooperative banks’ productivity is essential because if productivity has increased, it should be reflected in their performance, lower client pricing, and enhanced quality services. To examine productivity changes when choices of inputs and outputs are varied, we used two distinct approaches, the intermediation approach and the income approach. Our findings show that average TFP estimates varied widely between the cooperative banks over the years. Compared to the intermediation approach, TFP growth was significantly higher than the income approach. Further, the productivity gains were driven mainly by efficiency change rather than the technological change component. Our findings have important policy implications that can serve important use to the policymakers and regulators, allowing them to devise effective methods for the cooperative banks so that they can remain competitive and sustainable.
The mobile-assisted showroomer’s dilemma: where to buy? Actions to prevent sales leakage
Authors: Alesanco-Llorente María , Reinares-Lara Eva , Pelegrín-Borondo Jorge , Olarte-Pascual Cristina 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIntensive in-store use of smartphones has driven ethically questionable behaviors with significant economic repercussions for the survival of brick-and-mortar retailers. The mobile-assisted showroomer’s dilemma refers to the dilemma such shoppers experience at the moment of decision in a brick-and-mortar store, when they are holding an item in their hands, check their phone, and hesitate between buying it (a) at the physical store (loyal behavior, LB) or (b) through a cheaper online retailer (competitive behavior, CB). Using the theoretical framework of the Composite MES, this research proves that the dilemma exists: in a sample of 648 mobile-assisted showroomers, 44.91% would engage in CB vs. 55.09% in LB. Furthermore, 50.6% of the CB is explained by two dimensions of ethical judgment: relativism and egoism. To prevent sales leakage at brick-and-mortar stores, ethical judgment must be considered. The greater the weight of the relativism dimension, the less predisposed customers are toward CB. The egoism dimension is positively associated with engaging in CB. LB is a major opportunity for independent brick-and-mortar retailers.
Remaining useful life prediction for bearing of an air turbine starter using a novel end-to-end network
Authors: Guo Runxia , Ji Yubin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
An air turbine starter (ATS) is used to start an aircraft’s engine before the aircraft takes off, as part of which the rolling bearings are an essential but easily damaged component. Predicting the remaining useful life (RUL) of an ATS bearing is a key part of efficient engine maintenance. To improve the prediction accuracy of rolling bearings’ working in complex environments, this paper proposes a novel end-to-end network for RUL prediction based on parallel convolution and a bidirectional long and short-term memory (BiLSTM) network. The architecture is an integration of two parts: feature extraction and RUL prediction. For the feature extraction, a more tailored one-dimensional convolution neural network architecture has been adapted for multi-rate sensors in a parallel manner, and a multiscale feature stacking and mixing mechanism is further designed following the convolution operation to extract the most representative degradation feature. In the prediction part, environmental factors are added to the BiLSTM network together with the previously extracted degradation feature. Both parts of the end-to-end network can focus on valuable information without any prior knowledge due to utilization of an attention mechanism. A real data set is built to evaluate the performance of the proposed method, and the RUL predictive error percentage decreases by 1.02% compared with the existing algorithm.
Hybrid nodal-chain semimetal with emergent flat band in MgCaN2
Authors: Wu Hongbo , Ma Da-Shuai , Fu Botao 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The distinct over-tiltings of band crossings in topological semimetals generate the type-I and type-II classification of Dirac/Weyl and nodal-line fermions, accompanied by exotic electronic and magnetic transport properties. In this work, we propose a concept of hybrid nodal-chain semimetal (NCSM), which is identified by linked type-I and type-II nodal rings (NRs) and hosts inevitable flat band. Using first-principles calculations and structure search technique, a new ternary nitride MgCaN2 is proposed as the first candidate to realize a novel 3D hybrid NCSM state. Remarkably, flat band is emergent along specific direction as a characteristic signature of such a hybrid nodal-chain, thus offering a platform to explore the interplay between topological states and flat bands. By analyzing the mirror Z2 topological invariant and developing a low-energy effective

k

⋅

p

model, we unveil the physical origin of the hybrid nodal-chain structure with multiple-mirror protected mechanism. Moreover, when the linked NRs are projected onto the (010) and (001) surfaces, considerable drumhead-like topological surface states can be illustrated with unique connection patterns. These results expand our understanding of NCSMs from significant band tilting effects and provide a new candidate on realizing hybrid nodal-chain fermion for further theoretical and experimental investigations.
Fractional Approach to the Study of Some Partial Differential and Integro-Differential Equations
Authors: Olivar-Romero F 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The Cauchy problem of a time-space fractional partial differential equation which has as particular cases the Klein-Gordon equation, a generalized expression of the heat equation and two apparently unexplored partial integro-differential equations in the context of physics, is proposed and solved for delta initial condition. Series of H-Fox functions are obtained as solution.
Enquiring Electronic Structure Using Quantum Computers: Hands on Qiskit
Authors: Anaya-Morales A , Delgado F 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Solving the electronic structure for multi-electronic systems is a hard problem. Even for small atoms and molecules, approximations have to be made in order to solve numerically the Schrödinger equation. Although different methods have been developed to take into account electron correlations, their computational cost reduces their feasibility. Quantum simulation provides an alternative to traditional computational methods for enquiring the electronic structure of molecules. Specifically, the Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) algorithm provides a hybrid quantum-classical algorithm for the implementation on current near term quantum devices. In this work, we explore the implementation of VQE on Qiskit for calculating the ground-state energy of diatomic Hydrogen molecule.