bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ANICERlook at the jet-like corona of MAXI J1535−571 through type-B quasi-periodic oscillations
Authors: Zhang Yuexin , Méndez Mariano , García Federico , Altamirano Diego , Belloni Tomaso M , Alabarta Kevin , Zhang Liang , Bellavita Candela , Rawat Divya , Ma Ruican 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACTMAXI J1535−571 is a black-hole X-ray binary that in 2017 exhibited a very bright outburst which reached a peak flux of up to 5 Crab in the 2–20 keV band. Given the high flux, several X-ray space observatories obtained unprecedented high signal-to-noise data of key parts of the outburst. In our previous paper, we studied the corona of MAXI J1535−571 in the hard-intermediate state (HIMS) with Insight-HXMT. In this paper, we focus on the study of the corona in the soft-intermediate state (SIMS) through the spectral-timing analysis of 26 NICER detections of the type-B quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs). From simultaneous fits of the energy, rms and lag spectra of these QPOs with our time-dependent Comptonization model, we find that in the SIMS the corona size is ∼6500 km and vertically extended. We detect a narrow iron line in the energy spectra, which we interpret to be due to the illumination of the outer part of the accretion disc by this large corona. We follow the evolution of the corona and the radio jet during the HIMS–SIMS transition, and find that the jet flux peaks after the time when the corona extends to its maximum vertical size. The jet flux starts to decay after the corona contracts vertically towards the black hole. This behaviour points to a connection between the X-ray corona and the radio jet similar to that seen in other sources.
Observable tertiary tides in TIC242132789
Authors: Gao Yan , van Roestel Jan , Green Matthew J , Fuller Jim , Grishin Evgeni , Toonen Silvia 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT
Many stars live in hierarchical triple systems, but the physics of such systems are still poorly understood. One understudied physical aspect of these systems is tertiary tides, wherein the tidal deformation of a tertiary in a hierarchical triple drains energy from the inner binary, causing the inner binary’s orbital separation to decrease. This tidal process is difficult to observe directly, since such an observation requires a very compact hierarchical triple, the tertiary of which must be almost large enough to fill its Roche lobe at the epoch of observation. Concurrently, the recently discovered stellar system TIC242132789 is the fourth most compact observed hierarchical triple, and the most compact in which the tertiary is a giant. In this paper, we demonstrate that TIC242132789 provides a rare opportunity to place constraints on the model parameters for tertiary tides, and can even be a rare opportunity to directly observe tertiary-tides-induced orbital shrinkage of the inner binary. We calculate our expectations of how fast the inner orbit will shrink, and demonstrate that our estimates of this rate of shrinkage should be observable using current techniques. We conclude with a call for relevant observations of this system to commence.
Spectral variations among different scenarios of PAH processing or formation
Authors: Maragkoudakis A , Peeters E , Ricca A 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT
We examine the variations in the spectral characteristics and intensities of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in two different scenarios of PAH processing (or formation): (1) small PAHs are being destroyed (or equivalently large PAHs are being formed, referred to as SPR, i.e. small PAHs removed), and (2) large PAHs are being destroyed (or equivalently small PAHs are being formed, referred to as LPR, i.e. large PAHs removed). PAH emission was measured considering both the presence and absence of plateau components. The variation in the PAH band intensities as a function of the average number of carbon atoms 〈NC〉 has the highest dynamic range in the SPR case, suggesting that smaller PAHs have higher impact on the PAH band strengths. The plateaus show overall declining emission with 〈NC〉, and their higher dynamic range in the SPR case also suggests that smaller PAHs are mainly contributing to the plateau emission. The 7.7/(11.0 + 11.2) $\mu$m PAH band ratio presents the least amount of variance with the lowest dynamic range, rendering this ratio as the better choice for tracing PAH charge. The 3.3/(11.2 + 11.0) $\mu$m PAH band ratio is the only ratio that has both a monotonic variance and fully separated values among the SPR and LPR scenarios, highlighting its efficiency as PAH size tracer but also allowing the characterization of the dominant scenario of processing or formation in a given region or source. We present new PAH charge–size diagnostic diagrams, which can provide insights into the average, maximum, or minimum NC within astrophysical sources.
Using Machine Learning to link black hole accretion flows with spatially resolved polarimetric observables
Authors: Qiu Richard , Ricarte Angelo , Narayan Ramesh , Wong George N , Chael Andrew , Palumbo Daniel 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT
We introduce a new library of 535 194 model images of the supermassive black holes and Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) targets Sgr A* and M87*, computed by performing general relativistic radiative transfer calculations on general relativistic magnetohydrodynamics simulations. Then to infer underlying black hole and accretion flow parameters (spin, inclination, ion-to-electron temperature ratio, and magnetic field polarity), we train a random forest machine learning model on various hand-picked polarimetric observables computed from each image. Our random forest is capable of making meaningful predictions of spin, inclination, and the ion-to-electron temperature ratio, but has more difficulty inferring magnetic field polarity. To disentangle how physical parameters are encoded in different observables, we apply two different metrics to rank the importance of each observable at inferring each physical parameter. Details of the spatially resolved linear polarization morphology stand out as important discriminators between models. Bearing in mind the theoretical limitations and incompleteness of our image library, for the real M87* data, our machinery favours high-spin retrograde models with large ion-to-electron temperature ratios. Due to the time-variable nature of these targets, repeated polarimetric imaging will further improve model inference as the EHT and next-generation (EHT) continue to develop and monitor their targets.
Constraints on S8 from a full-scale and full-shape analysis of redshift-space clustering and galaxy–galaxy lensing in BOSS
Authors: Lange Johannes U , Hearin Andrew P , Leauthaud Alexie , van den Bosch Frank C , Xhakaj Enia , Guo Hong , Wechsler Risa H , DeRose Joseph 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT
We present a novel simulation-based cosmological analysis of galaxy–galaxy lensing and galaxy redshift-space clustering. Compared to analysis methods based on perturbation theory, our simulation-based approach allows us to probe a much wider range of scales, $0.4 \, h^{-1} \, \mathrm{Mpc}$ to $63 \, h^{-1} \, \mathrm{Mpc}$, including highly non-linear scales, and marginalizes over astrophysical effects such as assembly bias. We apply this framework to data from the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey LOWZ sample cross-correlated with state-of-the-art gravitational lensing catalogues from the Kilo Degree Survey and the Dark Energy Survey. We show that gravitational lensing and redshift-space clustering when analysed over a large range of scales place tight constraints on the growth-of-structure parameter $S_8 = \sigma _8 \sqrt{\Omega _{\rm m} / 0.3}$. Overall, we infer S8 = 0.792 ± 0.022 when analysing the combination of galaxy–galaxy lensing and projected galaxy clustering and S8 = 0.771 ± 0.027 for galaxy redshift-space clustering. These findings highlight the potential constraining power of full-scale studies over studies analysing only large scales and also showcase the benefits of analysing multiple large-scale structure surveys jointly. Our inferred values for S8 fall below the value inferred from the CMB, S8 = 0.834 ± 0.016. While this difference is not statistically significant by itself, our results mirror other findings in the literature whereby low-redshift large-scale structure probes infer lower values for S8 than the CMB, the so-called S8-tension.
Remnants of recent mergers in nearby early-type galaxies and their classification
Authors: Giri Gourab , Barway Sudhanshu , Raychaudhury Somak 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACTWe search for signatures of recent galaxy close interactions and mergers in a sample of 202 early-type galaxies in the local universe from the public SDSS Stripe82 deep images (μr ∼ 28.5 mag arcsec−2). Using two different methods to remove galaxies’ smooth and symmetric light distribution, we identify and characterize 11 distinct types of merger remnants embedded in the diffuse light of these early-type galaxies. We discuss how the morphology of merger remnants can result from different kinds of minor and major mergers, and estimate the fraction of early-type galaxies in the local universe with evidence of recent major (27 per cent) and minor (57 per cent) mergers. The merger fractions deduced are higher than in several earlier surveys. Among remnants, we find that shells are the dominant merger debris (54 per cent) associated with early-type galaxies, resulting from both major and minor mergers, with those characteristics of major mergers being significant (24 per cent of shell host galaxies). The most uncommon merger-related structures are boxy isophotes of the stellar distribution and the presence of disc fragments near the cores of galaxies. We develop a classification scheme for these fine structures that may be used to infer their likely genesis histories. The classification is primarily based on the mass ratios of the merged galaxies. This work, when combined with predictions from numerical simulations, indicates that most (if not all) early-type galaxies in the local Universe are continually evolving as a result of (minor) merger activities.
The hot Neptune WASP-166 b with ESPRESSO – III. A blue-shifted tentative water signal constrains the presence of clouds
Authors: Lafarga M , Brogi M , Gandhi S , Cegla H M , Seidel J V , Doyle L , Allart R , Buchschacher N , Lendl M , Lovis C , Sosnowska D 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACTWith high-resolution spectroscopy, we can study exoplanet atmospheres and learn about their chemical composition, temperature profiles, and presence of clouds and winds, mainly in hot, giant planets. State-of-the-art instrumentation is pushing these studies towards smaller exoplanets. Of special interest are the few planets in the ‘Neptune desert’, a lack of Neptune-sized planets in close orbits around their hosts. Here, we assess the presence of water in one such planet, the bloated super-Neptune WASP-166 b, which orbits an F9-type star in a short orbit of 5.4 d. Despite its close-in orbit, WASP-166 b preserved its atmosphere, making it a benchmark target for exoplanet atmosphere studies in the desert. We analyse two transits observed in the visible with ESPRESSO. We clean the spectra from the Earth’s telluric absorption via principal component analysis, which is crucial to the search for water in exoplanets. We use a cross-correlation-to-likelihood mapping to simultaneously estimate limits on the abundance of water and the altitude of a cloud layer, which points towards a low water abundance and/or high clouds. We tentatively detect a water signal blue-shifted ∼5 $\mathrm{km\, s^{-1}}$ from the planetary rest frame. Injection and retrieval of model spectra show that a solar-composition, cloud-free atmosphere would be detected at high significance. This is only possible in the visible due to the capabilities of ESPRESSO and the collecting power of the VLT. This work provides further insight on the Neptune desert planet WASP-166 b, which will be observed with JWST.
Accelerated phase-mixing in the stellar halo due to a rotating bar
Authors: Davies Elliot Y , Dillamore Adam M , Vasiliev Eugene , Belokurov Vasily 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT
In a galaxy merger, the stars tidally stripped from the satellite and accreted onto the host galaxy undergo phase-mixing and form finely grained structures in the phase space. However, these fragile structures may be destroyed in the subsequent galaxy evolution, in particular, by a rotating bar that appears well after the merger is completed. In this work, we investigate the survivability of phase-space structures in the presence of a bar. We find that a bar with amplitude and pattern speed similar to those of the Milky Way would blur and destroy a substantial amount of the substructure that consists of particles with pericentre radii comparable to the bar length. While this appears to be in tension with the recent discovery of phase-space chevrons in Gaia DR3 data, the most prominent chevrons in our simulations can still be recovered when applying the same analysis procedure as in observations. Moreover, the smoothing effect is less pronounced in the population of stars whose angular momenta have the opposite sign to the bar pattern speed.
Keck, gemini, and palomar 200-inch visible photometry of red and very-red neptunian trojans
Authors: Bolin B T , Fremling C , Morbidelli A , Noll K S , van Roestel J , Deibert E K , Delbo M , Gimeno G , Heo J-E , Lisse C M , Seccull T , Suh H 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT
Neptunian Trojans (NTs), trans-Neptunian objects in 1:1 mean-motion resonance with Neptune, are generally thought to have been captured from the original trans-Neptunian protoplanetary disc into co-orbital resonance with the ice giant during its outward migration. It is possible, therefore, that the colour distribution of NTs is a constraint on the location of any colour transition zones that may have been present in the disc. In support of this possible test, we obtained g, r, and i-band observations of 18 NTs, more than doubling the sample of NTs with known visible colours to 31 objects. Out of the combined sample, we found ≈4 objects with g –i colours of &gt;1.2 mags placing them in the very red (VR) category as typically defined. We find, without taking observational selection effects into account, that the NT g – i colour distribution is statistically distinct from other trans-Neptunian dynamical classes. The optical colours of Jovian Trojans and NTs are shown to be less similar than previously claimed with additional VR NTs. The presence of VR objects among the NTs may suggest that the location of the red to VR colour transition zone in the protoplanetary disc was interior to 30 – 35 au.
JWST unveils the brown dwarf sequence of 47 Tucanæ
Authors: Nardiello D , Griggio M , Bedin L R 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACT
We have developed a technique to restore scientific usage in compromised (publicly available) images collected with the JWST of the Galactic globular cluster NGC 104 (47 Tucanæ). In spite of the degradation and limited data, we were able to recover photometry and astrometry for the coolest stellar objects ever observed within a globular cluster, possibly unveiling the brightest part of the brown dwarf (BD) sequence. This is supported by (i) proper motion membership, derived by the comparison with positions obtained from Hubble Space Telescope archival early epochs, (ii) the predicted location of the BD sequence, and (iii) the mass function for low-mass stars derived from models. Future JWST observations will provide the necessary deep and precise proper motions to confirm the nature of the here-identified BD candidates belonging to this globular cluster.
Role of the histone tails in histone octamer transfer
Authors: Lorch Yahli , Kornberg Roger D , Maier-Davis Barbara 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The exceptionally high positive charge of the histones, concentrated in the N- and C-terminal tails, is believed to contribute to the stability of the nucleosome by neutralizing the negative charge of the nucleosomal DNA. We find, on the contrary, that the high positive charge contributes to instability, performing an essential function in chromatin remodeling. We show that the tails are required for removal of the histone octamer by the RSC chromatin remodeling complex, and this function is not due to direct RSC–tail interaction. We also show that the tails are required for histone octamer transfer from nucleosomes to DNA, and this activity of the tails is a consequence of their positive charge. Thus, the histone tails, intrinsically disordered protein regions, perform a critical role in chromatin structure and transcription, unrelated to their well-known role in regulation through posttranscriptional modification.
HyperVR: a hybrid deep ensemble learning approach for simultaneously predicting virulence factors and antibiotic resistance genes
Authors: Ji Boya , Pi Wending , Liu Wenjuan , Liu Yannan , Cui Yujun , Zhang Xianglilan , Peng Shaoliang 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Infectious diseases emerge unprecedentedly, posing serious challenges to public health and the global economy. Virulence factors (VFs) enable pathogens to adhere, reproduce and cause damage to host cells, and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) allow pathogens to evade otherwise curable treatments. Simultaneous identification of VFs and ARGs can save pathogen surveillance time, especially in situ epidemic pathogen detection. However, most tools can only predict either VFs or ARGs. Few tools that predict VFs and ARGs simultaneously usually have high false-negative rates, are sensitive to the cutoff thresholds and can only identify conserved genes. For better simultaneous prediction of VFs and ARGs, we propose a hybrid deep ensemble learning approach called HyperVR. By considering both best hit scores and statistical gene sequence patterns, HyperVR combines classical machine learning and deep learning to simultaneously and accurately predict VFs, ARGs and negative genes (neither VFs nor ARGs). For the prediction of individual VFs and ARGs, in silico spike-in experiment (the VFs and ARGs in real metagenomic data), and pseudo-VFs and -ARGs (gene fragments), HyperVR outperforms the current state-of-the-art prediction tools. HyperVR uses only gene sequence information without strict cutoff thresholds, hence making prediction straightforward and reliable.
Therapeutic Role of Tamoxifen for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: Leveraging the Interaction Between ERβ and Mutant p53
Authors: Scarpetti Lauren , Oturkar Chetan C , Juric Dejan , Shellock Maria , Malvarosa Giuliana , Post Kathryn , Isakoff Steven , Wang Nancy , Nahed Brian , Oh Kevin , Das Gokul M , Bardia Aditya 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe absence of effective therapeutic targets and aggressive nature of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) renders this disease subset difficult to treat. Although estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) is expressed in TNBC, studies on its functional role have yielded inconsistent results. However, recently, our preclinical studies, along with other observations, have shown the potential therapeutic utility of ERβ in the context of mutant p53 expression. The current case study examines the efficacy of the selective estrogen receptor modulator tamoxifen in p53-mutant TNBC with brain metastases. Significant increase in ERβ protein expression and anti-proliferative interaction between mutant p53 and ERβ were observed after cessation of tamoxifen therapy, with significant regression of brain metastases. This case study provides supporting evidence for the use of tamoxifen in p53-mutant, ERβ+TNBC, especially in the setting of brain metastasis.
Blameworthiness and Dependence
Authors: Clarke Randolph , Rawling Piers 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Some recent accounts of blameworthiness present this property as response-dependent: an agent is blameworthy, they say, if and only if, and (if so) in virtue of the fact that, it is fitting to respond to her with a certain blaming emotion. Given the explanatory aim of these views, the selected emotion cannot be said simply to appraise its object as blameworthy. We argue that articulation of the appraisal in other terms suggested by proponents yields a failure of the coextension required by the accounts. We then address the promise to explain why the conditions that render one blameworthy are as they are. According to proponents, these conditions render one blameworthy because they render fitting the selected emotion. But why do just these conditions do the latter? We find no good answer to this question from proponents of the accounts. While we do not contend that blameworthiness is response-independent, we are unconvinced that it is response-dependent.
Social Positions and Fairness Views on Inequality
Authors: Hvidberg Kristoffer B , Kreiner Claus T , Stantcheva Stefanie 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We link survey data on Danish people’s perceived income positions and fairness views on inequality within various reference groups to administrative records on their reference groups, income histories, and life events. People are, on average, well-informed about the income levels of their reference groups. Yet, lower-ranked respondents in all groups tend to overestimate their own position among others because they believe others’ incomes are lower than they actually are, whereas the opposite holds true for higher-ranked respondents. Misperceptions of positions in reference groups relate to proximity to other individuals, transparency norms, and visible signals of income. People view inequalities within their co-workers and education groups as significantly more unfair than overall inequality, yet underestimate inequality the most exactly within these groups. Views on the fairness of inequalities are strongly correlated with an individual’s current position, move with shocks like unemployment or promotions, and change when experimentally informing people about their actual positions. However, the higher perceived unfairness of income differences within co-workers and education groups stays unchanged. The theoretical framework shows that this can have important implications for redistribution policy.
A “Surrogate State” for Refugees in Greece
Authors: Moschopoulos Manos 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The rapid increase in the number of refugees arriving to Greece in 2015 and the subsequent moves by the European Union Member States to limit their secondary movement triggered what has been described as the “most expensive humanitarian response in history.” The European Commission, believing that Greece did not have the capacity to respond to the situation, directly funded international organisations, primarily the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), and international non-governmental organisations to do so. The “care and maintenance model” at the core of UNHCR’s response to protracted refugee situations has been described as a “surrogate state,” complete with the territory, services, and citizens. This article aimed to examine whether this refugee response in Greece followed the “surrogate state” model which characterised interventions in other geographies, by studying UNHCR’s service provision, governance functions, perception of legitimacy, territorial presence and influence. This study shows that this refugee response was characterised by a degree of surrogacy that resembles the “surrogate states” observed in other refugee responses. The Greek government was marginalised during the response and abdicated a significant degree of responsibility to UNHCR. This negatively affected the quality of the response itself and the long-term welfare and prospects of refugees.