bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of some agricultural treatments on the Egyptian alfalfa weevil, Hypera brunneipennis and their economic evaluation on yield and yield components in Egypt
Authors: Kandil Ragab Sebaita , Abdelrahem Fatma Mohamed Ahmed , Mansour Mohsena R. K. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe Egyptian alfalfa weevil, Hypera brunneipennis causes damage on different parts of alfalfa plants. Therefore, four agricultural treatments are carried out included calcium super phosphate addition (15.5% P2O5), potassium sulphate addition (50% K2O), microelements spraying and hand removing of weeds to reduce the population of the Egyptian alfalfa weevil and increase both the final yield and obtain a healthy plant.RESULTSThe treatment of calcium super phosphate (15.5% P2O5), potassium sulphate (50% K2O), microelements spraying and hand removing of weeds gave less infestation of Egyptian alfalfa weevil [4.38 and 4.89 (larvae and adults/m2)] and the highest total fresh (70.08 and 74.52 ton/feddan), dry yield (19.37 and 19.70 ton/feddan) and plant height yield (60.00 and 61. 17 cm) in first and second seasons, respectively, with significant differences compared with the other treatments and the untreated check. Also, the same treatment gave the highest net benefit over untreated check 29.06 and 31.93 (thousand L.E./feddan) and net benefit/costs ratio/feddan (1.77 and 2.22) in first and second seasons, respectively.CONCLUSIONSGood agricultural treatments of calcium super phosphate addition (15.5% P2O5), potassium sulphate addition (50% K2O), microelements spraying and hand removing of weeds play an important role in obtaining a healthy plant, reducing Egyptian alfalfa weevil infestation, and increasing total fresh yield, total dry yield, and plant height of alfalfa. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
An Amino Acid‐Based Thixotropic Hydrogel: Tuning of Gel Recovery Time by Mechanical Shaking
Authors: Bassan Ruchika , Varshney Mayank , Roy Subhasish 
Published: February 2023

AbstractFmoc‐Trp‐OH (Fmoc: N‐fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl; Trp‐OH: L‐Tryptophan) undergone hydrogelation at 50 mM phosphate buffer saline of pH 7.4 with a minimum gelation concentration (MGC) of 0.25 % w/v after 12 to 15 hours. However, the hydrogel formation kinetics can be faster just by mechanical hand shaking of the hydrogelator solution during the hydrogel preparation procedure. The shake hydrogel is thermally and mechanically more stable than the non‐shake hydrogel. These hydrogels have been characterized thoroughly by Tgel estimations, UV‐Vis spectroscopy, Fluorescence spectroscopy, Fourier Transform‐Infra Red (FT‐IR) Spectroscopy, X‐ray diffractions (XRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE‐SEM) and rheology. This amino acid‐based hydrogel is thixotropic in nature and interestingly without doping any foreign materials into the hydrogel, the gel reformation kinetics can be faster just by number of times breaking of the hydrogel by mechanical hand shaking followed by keeping the hydrogel glass vial at rest. This holds future promise to develop supramolecular mechanocatalyst for various functional group transformation reactions in water through green and sustainable chemistry pathways.
In vitro Analytical Techniques as Screening Tools to investigate the Metal chelate‐DNA interactions
Authors: Varghese Nikita , Jose Joyna Reba , Krishna P. Murali , Philip Darit , Joy Francis , Vinod T. P. , Prathapachandra Kurup M. R. , Nair Yamuna 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDeoxyribose nucleic acid (DNA) is found to be the most efficient pharmacological target of many synthetic molecules which are deemed as potential drugs with clinical applications. DNA binding agents are known to regulate several cell functions (gene expression and replication) by adopting various protocols which include the annihilation of the cell membrane, interruption in protein synthesis, and irreversible binding to cell receptors. Recently, several studies have explored fundamental aspects of drug‐DNA interactions, providing new insights into the driving forces that render the formation of the drug‐DNA complex. In order to study and understand these biologically important reaction mechanisms, several screening tools have been devised and the specificity of drug molecules binding to DNA were studied in detail. This review will discuss the utilization of various analytical tools which include UV‐vis spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, circular dichroism, viscosity measurement, Raman spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and DNA fragmentation assay used for studying drug binding mode and the mechanism involved.
Recent Progress on Pyridine N‐Oxide in Organic Transformations: A Review
Authors: Habib Imran , Singha Koustav , Hossain Mossaraf 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPyridine derivatives are one of the most important moieties in the synthesis of various biologically active compounds containing heterocyclic ring. But, due to the low reactivity of pyridine, pyridine N‐oxides were used as a reactant to develop some bio‐active pyridine derivatives in good amount of yields with high regioselectivity. For that reason, synthesis of various substituted pyridine N‐oxides grabbed the attention of many chemists due to their importance in the formation of various bioactive moieties and their application in various fields like it can be used as a catalyst, oxidant etc. This review is focused on various C−H activation reactions like arylation, acylation, alkylation, alkenylation, cross‐coupling reactions and halogenation reactions in both metal‐catalysed and metal‐free pathway along with their probable mechanism and reaction scopes. The main focus of this review is to discuss about versatile synthetic pathways of pyridine and pyridine N‐oxide derivatives using pyridine N‐oxides as a substrate as well as their mechanistic studies and the scope of the reactions. Besides all of that, this review also discussed about the application (e. g., catalyst) of pyridine N‐oxides in various organic transformation.
Development of 2‐Alkyl‐5‐((phenylsulfonyl)oxy)‐1H‐indole‐3‐carboxylate Derivatives as Potential Anti‐Biofilm Agents
Authors: Xuecheng Chen , Liang Hu , Yanpeng Xiong , Yurong Zhang , Yue Luo , Yalan Peng , Zhong Chen , Jie Zhang , Zhijian Yu , Shiqing Han 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA series of novel 2‐alkyl‐5‐((phenylsulfonyl)oxy)‐1H‐indole‐3‐carboxylate derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their cytotoxicity, antibacterial and anti‐biofilm activities. Some of these compounds were able to inhibit biofilm formation of the tested strains with biofilm inhibitory concentration in the range of 12.5–50 μM. The results indicated N‐methylpiperazine moiety was the key factor affecting the compound‘s activity. Compounds 5 l and 5 m with F substituent at the phenyl ring at 5‐position of indole ring, presented the most potent biofilm inhibitory activity (more than 90 % inhibition percentage) against E. faecalis 16C51 at biofilm inhibitory concentration (12.5 μM). Furthermore, compounds 5 f and 5 h with Br/CH3 substituent at the phenyl ring at 1‐position of indole ring, showed the greatest biofilm inhibitory activity (more than 85 % inhibition percentage) against MRSA YUSA145 at biofilm inhibitory concentration (12.5 μM).
A Peach‐Kernel‐Derived Ultramicroporous Carbon with Extremely High CO2‐Capture Ability
Authors: Shui Lihong , Wang Lucai , Lin Yichao 
Published: February 2023

AbstractUltra‐microporous carbon materials with high CO2 capture ability are prepared by two‐step carbonization of peach kernels, including pre‐carbonization at a relatively lower temperature (400 °C) and KOH activation at a higher temperature (700–900 °C). Notably, the micropore proportion of the obtained carbon is up to 97.65 %, indicating almost all the pores are microporous. The optimized ultra‐microporous carbon material exhibits an extremely high CO2 adsorption capacity of up to 4.92 mmol g−1 at 1 bar, and 1.64 mmol g−1 at 0.15 bar and 25 °C, and good CO2/N2 selectivity, which makes it one of the best CO2 adsorption materials. The specific surface areas of the prepared materials are in the range of 700–1000 m2 g−1. Our results show that there is no direct relationship between the specific surface and CO2 adsorption capacity. It reveals that the pore structure and microporous porosity determine the interaction between CO2 molecules and the carbon materials in our work. In addition, the ultra‐microporous carbon is feasible for commercial‐scale application, which provides a new adsorbent for industrial CO2 capture.
Activating MoS2 Basal Plane via Non‐noble Metal Doping For Enhanced Hydrogen Production
Authors: Xie Zhongqi , Wu Yue , Zhao Ya , Wei Mengyuan , Jiang Qing‐Song , Yang Xiao , Xun Wei 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMoS2 is a promising electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). However, it is not conducive to the adsorption and dissociation of water, due to the inert basal plane. Herein, we determined a series of non‐noble metal doped MoS2 materials with high catalytic activity through first‐principles calculation. Under standard conditions, we found through Pourbaix diagram that the basal plane of the doped material would not be terminated by OH* or O*, and could maintain high stability in acidic or alkaline solutions. The formation of new electronic states in the doped material near the Fermi level and subsequent bonding with H atoms is energetically favorable, which activates the inert basal plane. With the increase of doping concentration, ΔGH will further approach 0 eV and produce a large exchange current density. We found that the ΔGH increases monotonically with the increase of the lowest occupied state E of the doped material, indicating the physical origin of the excellent hydrogen evolution activity caused by doping.
Electrodeposited MOFs Membrane with In Situ Incorporation of Charged Molecules for Osmotic Energy Harvesting
Authors: Yao Bing , Hussain Shabab , Ye Zhizhen , Peng Xinsheng 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIon‐selective membranes are considered as the promising candidates for osmotic energy harvesting. However, the fabrication of highly perm‐selective membrane is the major challenge. Metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) with well‐defined nanochannels along functional charged groups show great importance to tackle this problem. Here, a series of dense sodium polystyrene sulfonate (PSS) incorporated MOFs composite membranes (PSS@MOFs) on a porous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) membrane via in situ anodic electrodeposition process are developed. Benefiting to the novel structural design of the confined Ag layer, PSS@MOFs dense composite membrane with less defects formed. The sulfonated nanochannels of the PSS@MOFs composite membrane provided rapid and selective transport of cations due to the enhanced electrostatic interaction between the permeating ions and MOFs. While osmotic energy conversion, 860 nm thick negatively charged PSS@MOFs composite membrane achieves an ultrahigh cation transfer number of 0.993 and energy conversion efficiency of 48.8% at a 100‐fold salinity gradient. Moreover, a large output power of 2.90 µW has been achieved with an ultra‐low internal resistance of 999 Ω, employing an effective area of 12.56 mm2. This work presents a promising strategy to construct a high‐performance MOFs‐based osmotic energy harvesting system for practical applications.
Normalizing Black Students/Youth and their Families' Digital andSTEAMLiteracies
Authors: Lewis Ellison Tisha 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDue to the paucity of research that focuses on the digital and STEAM literacy practices of Black students and youth and their families in home and community spaces, this article acts as a call for awareness to understand the already‐existing digital practices that acknowledges and honors their racial, cultural, and social lives. Lewis Ellison addresses four primary questions that K‐12 teachers must be aware of concerning Black parents, students and youth in digital and STEM spaces: Why are Black Students’/ Youth and Families’ Digital Literacy Practices important? What can we learn from Black Parents’ Narratives about their Children's Digital and STEAM Literacies? What do Black Students/Youth Wish their Teachers Knew about Them? What Should Digital and STEM Literacy Practices Look Like for Black Students/Youth? These questions are important when thinking about Black students’ and youth's digital literacy learning and proficiencies because as the education and political world keeps changing, they need digital literacy skills for every area of their lives. Once we understand the roles we play in centering their lives and practices, then we can advance teacher education, and then we can begin a discussion to normalize Black students and their families’ digital and STEAM literacies and practices.
Microdebrider complications in sinus surgery: Analysis of the openFDA database
Authors: Saba Elias S. , Hoerter Jacob , Chang Jeremy , Chou David W. , Xiao Chris , Eide Jacob G. , Kshirsagar Rijul S. , Palmer James N. , Adappa Nithin D. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveFunctional endoscopic sinus surgery is a commonly performed otolaryngologic procedure that often uses the microdebrider device for tissue removal. Given the ubiquitous nature of the instrument, we sought to better define the patterns of device failure using the postmarket surveillance openFDA database.MethodsThe openFDA database was queried for all microdebrider‐related adverse events from January 1, 2000 to November 1, 2020. Descriptive information on the nature of device failure and any associated patient injury was compiled. Reports not directly related to device failure were excluded from the analysis.ResultsA total of 641 events were included in the analysis. The most common device failure was overheating (n = 348, 54.3%), followed by material separation (n = 173, 27%), and inconsistent device activation (n = 52, 8.1%). Of the reported events, the vast majority did not result in patient harm (n = 579, 90.3%). On review of the remaining cases, only 24 events (3.7%) resulted in true harm to the patient, defined as a temporary or permanent injury or >30 min of additional anesthesia time. Of these cases, the need to reschedule surgical cases (n = 5, 0.8%), retained foreign body (n = 5, 0.8%), and thermal tissue injury (n = 3,0.5%) were the most common. Five patients suffered an injury due to surgeon error unrelated to device malfunction (n = 5, 0.8%).ConclusionsMicrodebrider device failures are extremely rare. When they do occur, less than 10% result in patient harm. In cases of patient harm related to microdebrider failure, preoperative testing of the device before use could prevent many of the reported malfunctions.
Intravenous Tranexamic Acid Given at Femoral Fragility Fracture Surgery Reduces Blood Transfusion Requirements Fourfold
Authors: Powell‐Bowns Matilda F. R. , Olley Rhys K. , McCann Conor , Balfour James R. , Brennan Caitlin M. , Peh Jasmine , Duckworth Andrew D. , Scott Chloe E. H. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimsThis study aims to determine whether intraoperative intravenous (IV) tranexamic acid (TXA) affects blood loss following the surgical management of femoral fragility fractures (FFF).MethodsThis was a single centre (university teaching hospital) non‐randomised case–control study. There were 361 consecutive patients with FFF admitted over a 4‐month period were included (mean age 81.4yrs; mean BMI 23.5; 73.7% female). Patient demographics, comorbidities, preoperative anticoagulation use, surgical management, intravenous TXA use, perioperative haemoglobin (Hb) and haematocrit, and requirement for blood transfusion were recorded. The primary outcome was postoperative blood transfusion requirement. Secondary outcomes included postoperative day one calculated blood loss (CBL) (using the Nadler and Gross formulae) and fall in Hb (percentage) from preoperative levels; and the incidence of thrombotic events and mortality up to 30 days.ResultsGroups were well matched in terms of patient demographics, comorbidities, preoperative anticoagulation use, injury types and surgical management. Intravenous TXA 1 g given at the beginning of surgery at the discretion of the operating team: 178 (49%) received TXA and 183 (51%) did not. The requirement for postoperative blood transfusion was significantly less in the TXA group: 15/178 (8.4%) compared to 58/183 (31.7%) (p < 0.001; Chi square). TXA significantly reduced both the percentage fall in Hb (mean difference 4.3%, p < 0.001) and the CBL (mean difference −222 ml, p < 0.001). There was no difference in VTE (2 vs 1, p = 0.620) or other thrombotic events (2 vs 0, p = 0.244) between groups.Conclusion1 g of intraoperative intravenous TXA during the surgical management of FFF was associated with reduced rate of transfusion, CBL and the percentage drop in HB. The use of TXA in this study was not randomised, so there could be un‐quantifiable bias in the patient selection.
Wearable sensor-based gait analysis to discriminate early Parkinson’s disease from essential tremor
Authors: Lin Shinuan , Gao Chao , Li Hongxia , Huang Pei , Ling Yun , Chen Zhonglue , Ren Kang , Chen Shengdi 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Differentiating early-stage Parkinson's disease (PD) from essential tremor (ET) is challenging since they have some overlapping clinical features. Since early-stage PD may present with slight gait impairment and ET generally does not, gait analysis could be used to differentiate PD from ET using machine learning.

Objective
To differentiate early-stage PD from ET via machine learning using gait and postural transition parameters calculated using the raw kinematic signal captured from inertial measurement unit (IMU) sensors.

Methods
Gait and postural transition parameters were collected from 84 early-stage PD and 80 ET subjects during the Time Up and Go (TUG) test. We randomly split our data into training and test data. Within the training data, we separated the TUG test into four components: standing, straight walk, turning, and sitting to build weighted average ensemble classification models. The four components’ weight indices were trained using logistic regression. Several ensemble models’ leave-one-out cross-validation (LOOCV) performances were compared. Independent test data were used to evaluate the model with the best LOOCV performance.

Results
The best weighted average ensemble classification model LOOCV results included an accuracy of 84%, Kappa of 0.68, sensitivity of 85.9%, specificity of 82.1%, and AUC of 0.912. Thirty-three gait and postural transition parameters, such as Arm–Symbolic Symmetry Index and 180° Turn–Max Angular Velocity, were included in Feature Group III. The independent test data achieved a 75.8% accuracy.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that gait and postural transition parameters obtained from wearable sensors combined with machine learning had the potential to distinguish between early-stage PD and ET.
How school culture affects teachers’ classroom implementation of learning from professional development
Authors: McChesney Katrina , Cross Jenny 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA core element of almost all educational improvement efforts is an intention to improve teacher practice in order to enhance student- and system-level outcomes. To this end, a range of strategies are deployed to facilitate teacher professional learning and development, with great investments of time, financial, and human resources. However, the environments in which teachers learn and their impact on teachers’ implementation of new learning remain underexamined. By considering how the psychosocial learning environments present in schools affect the teacher development process, there is scope to enhance the impacts of professional development. This study explored how aspects of school climate and culture (that is, the learning environments that teachers experience) affect teachers’ classroom implementation of their professional learning. Qualitative data were gathered from 36 teachers in New Zealand through focus groups and analysed via reflexive thematic analysis following a latent inductive approach. Five areas of school climate and culture were identified that, according to the teachers, affected their implementation of new professional learning. These areas were: leadership engagement/actions; the change environment; relationships; beliefs and attitudes related to TPLD; and all being on the same page. Understanding the roles these five areas play provides insights into how school leaders and policymakers can seek to shape the learning environments that surround teachers’ daily classroom practice in order to facilitate learning and improvement for all.
Judicial Law-Making in the Criminal Decisions of the Polish Supreme Court and the German Federal Court of Justice: A Comparative View
Authors: Małolepszy Maciej , Głuchowski Michał 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis paper investigates the phenomenon of judicial law-making in the practice of the highest courts dealing with criminal matters in Germany and Poland on the basis of 200 of their decisions. While German jurisprudence principally acknowledges the right of the judiciary to create new law, the Polish legal theory generally rejects this notion. Still, research indicates that, in practice, the differences in the frequency and intensity with which these courts pass creative rulings are not as substantial as the discrepancy in the theoretical stance would suggest. Owing to circumstances, both the German Federal Court of Justice and the Polish Supreme Court are willing to create new legal norms, but the dimensions of judicial law-making presented by these bodies deviate from each other. In the research sample, the German Federal Court of Justice was more inclined to introduce legal institutions that were foreign to the statutes and rule against the will of the lawmaker explicitly stated in the preparatory works. On the other hand, the Polish Supreme Court used logical conclusions more often, but did not also refrain from passing rulings against the clear wording of the statutory law, and was just as willing to go beyond the wording of the law as was the German Federal Court of Justice. Notably, only the German apex court is willing to openly admit that it creates new legal norms, whereas the Polish Supreme Court does not concede in the reasons that its decisions are of a law-making nature, especially when it applies so-called “interpretation in the wider sense”—which is, in essence, a “concealed” way of creating new legal norms.