bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effects of active classroom breaks on moderate to vigorous physical activity, behaviour and performance in a Northern NSW primary school: A quasi‐experimental study
Authors: Zask Avigdor , Pattinson Martina , Ashton Daniel , Ahmadi Matthew , Trost Stewart , Irvine Sam , Stafford Lauren , Delbaere Kim , Adams Jillian 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIssue AddressedApproximately 77% of NSW children aged 5 to 15 years do not meet physical activity guidelines and many spend a considerable amount of time sitting. Active breaks at primary school are feasible, may increase daily moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and decrease off‐task behaviour without adversely affecting cognitive function and learning.MethodsIn this quasi‐experimental study, 101 primary school children in six intervention classrooms participated in three 10‐minute active breaks per day for six‐weeks during class time, while five control classrooms were run as usual (n = 89). Physical activity levels were measured using wrist‐worn Actigraph wGT3X‐BT accelerometers and analysed using a random forest model. Students' off‐task behaviour, wellbeing, cognitive function and maths performance were also measured. School staff completed a brief feedback survey.ResultsChildren in the intervention group engaged in 15.4 and 10.9 minutes more MVPA per day at 3 and 6 weeks respectively (P < .001). Participation significantly increased the proportion of children who met the Australian 24‐Hour Movement Guidelines (P < .001). At pre, middle and end of intervention, 44.4%, 60.8% and 55.1% of intervention children and 46.5%, 45.9% and 45.8% of controls met the guidelines. Significantly fewer students engaged in off‐task behaviour in the intervention classes at mid and final weeks of intervention (−1.4 students, P = .003). No significant intervention effects were found for wellbeing, cognitive and maths performance.ConclusionsActive classroom breaks are an effective way to increase physical activity among primary school children while reducing off‐task classroom behaviour.So What?Primary school students' health would benefit from active breaks with no detrimental effects on wellbeing, maths and cognitive performance.
Pinoresinol stimulates keratinocyte proliferation and downregulates TNF‐α secretion in peripheral blood mononuclear cells: An experimental in vitro study
Authors: Haapakorva Elias , Raunio Hannu , von Wright Atte , Harvima Ilkka 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackground and AimsNatural coniferous resins are used in traditional medicine for the treatment of skin wounds. Coniferous wood resins (“callus” resin) are a mixture of abietic (resin) acids, lignans such as pinoresinol, and p‐coumaric acid. The wound‐healing properties of resins are thought to be related to their antimicrobial properties, but also to their effects on cell proliferation and inflammation. The purpose of this study was to identify and investigate the effects of novel aqueous dispersions of resin and its main components in the proliferation of human primary keratinocytes in vitro and in the expression of proinflammatory cytokines in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells.MethodsThe proliferation studies were performed under low and high calcium conditions with or without added growth stimulators at the time points of 2 and 6 days using AlamarBlue Cell Viability Reagent. The cytokine release assay was carried out by incubating the cells with the test articles for 18 h, after which the levels of tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β), IL‐6, and IL‐8 were measured in the supernatant by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay.ResultsResin and the purified lignan PINO, but not p‐coumaric acid or abietic acid (industrial tall oil rosin), enhanced the proliferation of human keratinocytes in vitro and inhibited the expression of TNF‐α, and to a lesser extent the expression of IL‐1β in peripheral blood mononuclear cells.ConclusionsIn this study, novel aqueous dispersions of spruce resin were used to investigate the effects of main resin components on keratinocyte proliferation and on the expression of key proinflammatory cytokines known to be associated with chronic wounds. The observations suggest that lignans, such as PINO, but not resin acids, are the components of resins that mediate the proliferative and TNF‐α‐suppressing effects. Lignans including PINO were identified as novel potential compounds in the treatment of chronic skin ulcers.
Riverine groundwater discharge estimation in a dynamic river corridor using 222Rn
Authors: Liao Fu , Cardenas M. Bayani , Chen Xiaobing , Wang Guangcai 
Published: December 2022

AbstractGroundwater discharge flux into rivers (riverine groundwater discharge or RGD) is essential information for the conservation and management of aquatic ecosystems and resources. One way to estimate area‐integrated groundwater discharge into surface water bodies is to measure the concentration of a groundwater tracer within the water body. We assessed groundwater discharge using 222Rn, a tracer common in many surface water studies, through field measurements, surface water 222Rn mass balance model, and groundwater flow simulation, for the seldom studied but ubiquitous setting of a flooding river corridor. The investigation was conducted at the dam‐regulated Lower Colorado River (LCR) in Austin, Texas, USA. We found that 222Rn in both the river water and groundwater in the river bank changed synchronously over a 12‐hour flood cycle. A 222Rn mass balance model allowed for estimation of groundwater discharge into a 500‐m long reach of the LCR over the flood. The groundwater discharge ranged between negative values (indicating recharge) to 1570 m3/h; groundwater discharge from groundwater flow simulations corroborated these estimates. However, for the dynamic groundwater discharge estimated by the 222Rn box model, assuming whether the groundwater 222Rn endmember was constant or dynamic led to notably different results. The resultant groundwater discharge estimates are also highly sensitive to river 222Rn values. We thus recommend that when using this approach to accurately characterize dynamic groundwater discharge, the 222Rn in near‐stream groundwater should be monitored at the same frequency as river 222Rn. If this is not possible, the 222Rn method can still provide reasonable but approximate groundwater discharge given background information on surface water‐groundwater exchange time scales.
IMAgiNE EURO: Data for action on quality of maternal and newborn care in 20 European countries during the COVID‐19 pandemic
Authors: Beňová Lenka , Lawn Joy E. , Graham Wendy , Chapin Elise M. , Afulani Patience A. , Downe Soo , Hailegebriel Tedbabe Degefie , Lincetto Ornella , Sacks Emma 
Published: December 2022

SynopsisA summary of the findings in the Supplement, highlighting the heterogeneity in reported quality of maternity care and inequalities within and between countries in the European region.
Improving preparedness of emergency medicine residents in the management of postpartum hemorrhage: A randomized controlled study of two pedagogical approaches
Authors: Casper Scott , Kayani Teimur , Galerneau France , Evans Leigh , Pal Lubna 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate a novel curriculum to enhance knowledge and preparedness of emergency medicine (EM) residents in the management of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH).MethodsA randomized controlled trial examining two pedagogical approaches. Following baseline testing of knowledge and confidence in respect of PPH management, participants were randomized to receive a didactic lecture on PPH management (group A, n = 14) or a didactic lecture followed by simulation‐based training on PPH management and debriefing (group B, n = 16). Post‐intervention, proficiency in PPH management was evaluated by clinical skills simulation and post‐intervention assessment for participants. The change in the mean test and clinical skills scores were compared using Student's t‐test. Linear regression examined the effects of covariates.ResultsBoth forms of intervention increased participants' knowledge of (group A: mean = 2.50, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.63–3.37, P < 0.001; group B: mean = 1.56, 95% CI 0.89–2.24, P < 0.001) and confidence in PPH management (group A: mean = 1.00, 95% CI 0.46–1.54, P = 0.003; group B: mean = 1.00, 95% CI 0.52–1.48, P = 0.001), relative to baseline. However, addition of simulation and debriefing to the didactic session did not offer any advantage (knowledge: mean = −0.94, 95% CI –1.97 to 0.10, P = 0.074; confidence: mean = 0.00, 95% CI –0.66 to 0.66, P = 1.000).ConclusionDelivery of a structured curriculum led to improvement of knowledge and confidence with regard to the management of PPH by EM residents.
Vaginal micronized progesterone versus the levonorgestrel‐releasing intrauterine system for treatment of non‐atypical endometrial hyperplasia: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Gezer Şener , Köle Emre , Aksoy Lale 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the efficiency of vaginal micronized progesterone (VMP) with the levonorgestrel‐releasing intrauterine system (LNG‐IUS) in patients with non‐atypical endometrial hyperplasia. A validated Menorrhagia Impact Questionnaire (MIQ) was used to assess the quality of life before and after the procedure.MethodsIn this prospective trial, 144 women were randomly assigned to the VMP or LNG‐IUS group. The primary endpoint was the regression rate of endometrial hyperplasia after 3 months of treatment. The protocol was approved by the institutional ethics committee and registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03992937).ResultsIn all, 138 patients were analyzed. The regression rate was not significantly different between the groups (95.8% with LNG‐IUS vs. 90.8% with VMP; P = 0.194). Differences between pre‐ and post‐treatment MIQ scores were similar, except that better scores were obtained in the VMP group for the perception of the amount of blood loss (P = 0.035).ConclusionVMP is as effective as the LNG‐IUS as a local treatment of endometrial hyperplasia without atypia.Trial registrationhttps://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03992937.
Maintenance dienogest therapy following adjuvant gonadotropin‐releasing hormone agonist treatment after uterus‐sparing surgery in adenomyosis: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Chan I‐San , Hsu Teh‐Fu , Shih Ying‐Chu , Chang Yen‐Hou , Wang Peng‐Hui , Chen Yi‐Jen 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the safety and efficacy of adjuvant gonadotropin‐releasing hormone agonist (GnRH‐a) treatment followed by maintenance dienogest (DNG) therapy after uterus‐sparing surgery.MethodsRetrospective cohort study. A total of 190 patients with severe adenomyosis underwent uterus‐sparing surgery between January 2010 and June 2020. Of these patients, 90 were analyzed. Forty‐six patients (control group) received adjuvant 6‐month GnRH‐a therapy alone after uterus‐sparing surgery, and 44 patients (maintenance group) received postoperative 6‐month GnRH‐a treatment followed by maintenance DNG therapy (2 mg/day orally). The median follow‐up period was 18 months. The study was analyzed using generalized estimating equations.ResultsAt baseline, the characteristics of patients in each group were comparable. Compared with the control group, the maintenance group had a significant improvement in the visual analog scale score of dysmenorrhea (P < 0.001), hemoglobin level (P = 0.004), and uterine volume (P = 0.004) from baseline to 18 months after uterus‐sparing surgery. The symptom recurrence rate was significantly lower in the maintenance group than in the control group (4.6% vs. 37.0%, P < 0.001).ConclusionsThe findings of this study suggest that combinatorial treatment with GnRH‐a (adjuvant treatment) and DNG (maintenance therapy) represents a safe and effective short‐term therapy after uterus‐sparing surgery for adenomyosis.
Monitoring of microbial proteome dynamics using Raman stable isotope probing
Authors: Karlo Jiro , Dhillon Ashish Kumar , Siddhanta Soumik , Singh Surya Pratap 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAbnormal protein kinetics could be a cause of several diseases associated with essential life processes. An accurate understanding of protein dynamics and turnover is essential for developing diagnostic or therapeutic tools to monitor these changes. Raman spectroscopy in combination with stable isotope probes (SIP) such as carbon‐13, and deuterium has been a breakthrough in the qualitative and quantitative study of various metabolites. In this work, we are reporting the utility of Raman‐SIP for monitoring dynamic changes in the proteome at the community level. We have used 13C‐labeled glucose as the only carbon source in the medium and verified its incorporation in the microbial biomass in a time‐dependent manner. A visible redshift in the Raman spectral vibrations of major biomolecules such as nucleic acids, phenylalanine, tyrosine, amide I, and amide III were observed. Temporal changes in the intensity of these bands demonstrating the feasibility of protein turnover monitoring were also verified. Kanamycin, a protein synthesis inhibitor was used to assess the feasibility of identifying effects on protein turnover in the cells. Successful application of this work can provide an alternate/adjunct tool for monitoring proteome‐level changes in an objective and nondestructive manner.
Susceptibility of male reproductive system to bisphenol A, an endocrine disruptor: Updates from epidemiological and experimental evidence
Authors: Yadav Shiv K. , Bijalwan Vandana , Yadav Suresh , Sarkar Kamalesh , Das Santasabuj , Singh Dhirendra P. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBisphenol A (BPA) is an omnipresent environmental pollutant. Despite being restrictions in‐force for its utilization, it is widely being used in the production of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins. Direct, low‐dose, and long‐term exposure to BPA is expected when they are used in the packaging of food products and are used as containers for food consumption. Occupationally, workers are typically exposed to BPA at higher levels and for longer periods during the manufacturing process. BPA is a known endocrine disruptor chemical (EDC), that causes male infertility, which has a negative impact on human life from emotional, physical, and societal standpoints. To minimize the use of BPA in numerous consumer products, efforts and regulations are being made. Despite legislative limits in numerous nations, BPA is still found in consumer products. This paper examines BPA's overall male reproductive toxicity, including its impact on the hypothalamic‐pituitary‐testicular (HPT) axis, hormonal homeostasis, testicular steroidogenesis, sperm parameters, reproductive organs, and antioxidant defense system. Furthermore, this paper highlighted the role of non‐monotonic dose–response (NMDR) in BPA exposure, which will help to improve the overall understanding of the harmful effects of BPA on the male reproductive system.
A novel homozygous truncating variant in PPFIBP1 further delineates PPFIBP1‐associated neurodevelopmental disorder
Authors: Waqas Ahmed , Liaqat Romana , Shaheen Sidrah , Khan Ali Zaman , Mujahid  , Habib Alaa Hamed , Binothman Najat , Aljadani Majidah , Zehri Zamrud , Shaheen Shabnam , Alkathiri Afnan , Naz Rubina , Umair Muhammad , Abbas Safdar 
Published: December 2022

AbstractNeurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) are classified as a group of disorders affecting function and development of the brain and having wide clinical variability.Herein, we describe two affected individuals segregating a recessive NDD. The affected individuals exhibited phenotypes such as global developmental delay (GDD), intellectual disability (ID), microcephaly and speech delay. Whole‐exome sequencing (WES) followed by bidirectional Sanger sequencing techniques identified a homozygous nonsense variant (c.466C > T; p.Gln156*) in the PPFIBP1 gene (NM_003622.4) that segregated with the disease phenotype. Further, to elucidate the effect of the variant on protein structure, 3D protein modelling was performed for the mutant and normal protein that suggested substantial reduction of the mutant protein.Our data support the evidence that PPFIBP1 has a pivotal role in neurodevelopment in humans, and loss‐of‐function variants cause clinically variable neurodevelopmental phenotypes.
Phosphorus recovery as struvite and hydroxyapatite from the liquid fraction of municipal sewage sludge with limited magnesium addition
Authors: Ferraro Alberto , de Sario Simona , Attanasio Antonia , Di Capua Francesco , Gorgoglione Angela , Fratino Umberto , Mascolo Maria C. , Pirozzi Francesco , Trancone Gennaro , Spasiano Danilo 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPhosphorus (P) is an essential element to produce feed and fertilizers but also a nonrenewable resource. Both the predicted exhaustion of phosphatic rocks and the risk of eutrophication lead to an increasing necessity for P recovery methodologies to be applied in municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). One of the most promising solutions involves the precipitation of P‐based minerals reusable as slow‐release fertilizers. In this study, P recovery as struvite and hydroxyapatite from a municipal WWTP digestate liquid fraction (centrate) was investigated at varying pH (8–10), reagent typologies (MgCl2, NaOH, Ca(OH)2, and CaCl2), and concentrations under limiting magnesium doses through liquid‐ and solid‐phase analyses and thermodynamical modeling. A maximum P recovery of 87.3% was achieved at pH 9 by adding NaOH and MgCl2 at a dose of 656 mg/L (the higher tested). According to these data, it was estimated that 92.0 tons/year of struvite and 33.2 tons/year of hydroxyapatite could be recovered from the WWTP centrate with a cost for reagent consumption being almost 50% of the mean P market value. An increase in P precipitation was observed while comparing experiments with the same pH values but with a higher Mg2+ dose. Ca2+ addition led to extensive P precipitation but mainly as amorphous phases that interfere with struvite formation.
Health‐related quality of life and patient‐reported outcome measurements in patients with cystinosis
Authors: Witt Stefanie , Kristensen Kaja , Hohenfellner Katharina , Quitmann Julia 
Published: December 2022

AbstractNephropathic cystinosis is a rare autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder. With the availability of treatment and renal replacement therapy, nephropathic cystinosis has evolved from an early fatal disease to a chronic, progressive disorder with potentially high impairment. We aim to review the literature on the health‐related quality of life and identify appropriate patient‐reported outcome measurements to assess the health‐related quality of life of patients with cystinosis. For this review, we conducted a literature search in PubMed and Web of Science in September 2021. Inclusion and exclusion criteria for the selection of articles were defined a priori. We identified 668 unique articles through the search and screened them based on title and abstract. The full texts of 27 articles were assessed. Finally, we included five articles (published between 2009 and 2020) describing the health‐related quality of life in patients with cystinosis. All studies, apart from one, were conducted in the United States, and no condition‐specific measurement was used. Patients with cystinosis reported a lower health‐related quality of life (for certain dimensions) than healthy subjects. Few published studies address the health‐related quality of life of patients with cystinosis. Such data must be collected standardized and follow the FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable) principles. To gain a comprehensive understanding of the impact of this disorder on health‐related quality of life, it is necessary to use generic and condition‐specific instruments to measure this, preferably in large samples from longitudinal studies. A cystinosis‐specific instrument for measuring health‐related quality of life has yet to be developed.
Noninvasive Assessment of the Renal Function, Oxford Classification and Prognostic Risk Stratification of IgAN by Using Intravoxel Incoherent Motion Diffusion‐Weighted Imaging and Blood Oxygenation Level‐Dependent MRI
Authors: Liang Ping , Yuan Guanjie , Li Shichao , Peng Yang , Xu Chuou , Benkert Thomas , Hu Daoyu , Han Min , Li Zhen 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundImmunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common primary glomerulonephritis worldwide. Oxford classification including mesangial hypercellularity (M), endothelial hypercellularity (E), segmental sclerosis (S), interstitial fibrosis/tubular atrophy (T), and crescent (C) were recommended to predict the prognosis of IgAN.PurposeTo explore whether multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be applied to assess the renal function, Oxford classification, and risk of progression to end‐stage kidney disease within 5 years of IgAN.Study TypeProspective.PopulationA total of 46 patients with pathologically confirmed IgAN and 20 healthy volunteers.Field Strength/SequenceA 3‐T, blood oxygenation level‐dependent (BOLD)‐MRI, intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion‐weighted imaging (IVIM‐DWI).AssessmentTwo radiologists measured the cortex and medulla T2*, apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), true diffusion (Dt), pseudo‐diffusion (Dp), perfusion fraction (fp). All participants were divided into three groups: group 1, healthy volunteers; group 2, patients with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2; group 3, patients with eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2. Or two groups: group A, 5‐year risk scores ≤10% and group B, 5‐year risk scores >10%.Statistical TestsIntraclass correlation coefficient, one‐way analysis of variance, least‐significant difference, Student's t‐test, Pearson product–moment correlation, Spearman's rank correlation, and receiver operating characteristics (ROC) with the area under the curve (AUC). A P value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsExcept for cortical Dp, all other MRI parameters showed significant differences between group 1 and group 2. None of the MRI parameters showed a significant correlation with M, E, or C scores. Cortical T2*, Dt, fp, and medullary Dt and fp showed low‐to‐moderate significant correlations with S scores. Except for cortical and medullary Dp, all other MRI parameters were significantly correlated with T scores. Cortical Dt showed the largest AUC for differentiating group A from group B (AUC = 0.927) and T0 from T1/T2 (AUC = 0.963).Data ConclusionImaging by IVIM‐DWI and BOLD‐MRI could facilitate noninvasive assessment of the renal function, Oxford classification, and prognostic risk of IgAN patients.Evidence Level2.Technical EfficacyStage 3.