bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Moving beyond nanotechnology to uncover a glimmer of hope in diabetes medicine: Effective nanoparticle‐based therapeutic strategies for the management and treatment of diabetic foot ulcers
Authors: Hosseinzadeh Ahmad , Zamani Ali , Johari Hamed Ghoddusi , Vaez Ahmad , Golchin Ali , Tayebi Lobat , Vafa Ehsan , Abbasi Milad , Amani Ali Mohammad , Chelliapan Shreeshivadasan , Kamyab Hesam , Anbardar Mohammad Hossein , Jangjou Ali 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHyperglycemia, a distinguishing feature of diabetes mellitus that might cause a diabetic foot ulcer (DFU), is an endocrine disorder that affects an extremely high percentage of people. Having a comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology of diabetic wound healing can help researchers and developers design effective therapeutic strategies to treat the wound healing process in diabetes patients. Using nanoscaffolds and nanotherapeutics with dimensions ranging from 1 to 100 nm represents a state‐of‐the‐art and viable therapeutic strategy for accelerating the wound healing process in diabetic patients, particularly those with DFU. Nanoparticles can interact with biological constituents and infiltrate wound sites owing to their reduced diameter and enhanced surface area. Furthermore, it is noteworthy that they promote the processes of vascularization, cellular proliferation, cell signaling, cell‐to‐cell interactions, and the formation of biomolecules that are essential for effective wound healing. Nanomaterials possess the ability to effectively transport and deliver various pharmacological agents, such as nucleic acids, growth factors, antioxidants, and antibiotics, to specific tissues, where they can be continuously released and affect the wound healing process in DFU. The present article elucidates the ongoing endeavors in the field of nanoparticle‐mediated therapies for the management of DFU.
Toxic fasciculations–An unusual presentation of organophosphate poisoning
Authors: Sivanandam Lokesh Koumar , Razul Benazir Beegum , Gupta Umang , Sanker Vivek 
Published: June 2023

Key Clinical MessageThe nicotinic symptom in Organo‐Phosphate (OP) poisoning is an unusual presentation in an adult, as in our case of a 38‐year‐old man who also experienced decreased motor power of all limbs and diffuses fasciculation of the tongue and lower limbs.
Complexities of the Interaction of NiII, PdII and PtII Pyrrole‐Imine Chelates with Human Serum Albumin**
Authors: Sookai Sheldon , Munro Orde Q. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHuman serum albumin (HSA) efficiently transports drugs in vivo: most are organic. Here, HSA binding affinity and site specificity are shown to depend on the identity of the d8 metal ion in NiII, PdII and PtII chelates of the bis(pyrrole‐imine) ligand H2PrPyrr. Fluorescence quenching data for native and probe‐bound HSA showed sites close to Trp‐214 (subdomain IIA) are targeted. The Stern‐Volmer constants, KSV, ranged from 104 M−1 to 105 M−1 while the affinity constants, Ka, ranged from ∼3.5×103 M−1 to ∼1×106 M−1 at 37 °C, following the order Pd(PrPyrr) > Pt(PrPyrr) > Ni(PrPyrr) > H2PrPyrr. Ligand uptake is enthalpically driven, hinging mainly on London dispersion forces. Induced CD spectra for the protein‐bound ligands could be simulated by hybrid QM:MM TD‐DFT methods, proving that the metal chelates neither decompose nor demetallate after uptake by HSA. Transport and delivery of the metal chelates by HSA in vivo could therefore be feasible.
Copper removal from sediment by electrokinetic treatment with electrodes in a hexagonal configuration
Authors: Dudukovic Natasa , Beljin Jelena , Dubovina Milos , Tenodi Kristiana Zrnic , Cveticanin Livija , Zukovic Miodrag , Krcmar Dejan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study was conducted to examine the effectiveness of removing Cu from sediment by electrokinetic (EK) treatment with electrodes in a hexagonal configuration, and whether water leached can be reused. Three experiments were performed (e1: continuous application of electricity, e2: no electricity at night, e3: application of solar panels) to evaluate the impact of the absence of electricity during night and the variations that may occur during the day when solar panels were used on the efficiency of the treatment. At the end of the treatments, 2–13% more Cu was detected in the cathode region (locations 5 and 10) compared to the initial concentration. Furthermore, based on the calculated mass balance, we concluded that Cu was bound to the electrode surface. In the remaining EK cell locations, the Cu content was reduced by 50–60% for e1, e2, and e3. For field application, treatment e3, in which solar panels are applied, is recommended, since there are no significant differences in the achieved efficiencies. A significant advantage of the treatment from an ecological point of view is reflected in the absence of an acidification effect. In this study, we also applied a model which showed satisfactory agreement with the experimental results. Analyses of leached water after electrokinetic treatments, e1, e2, e3, indicate that this water has a potential for irrigation use of agricultural land, aiming to meet the goals of the circular economy.
Naturally occurring histological findings and Alzheimer's‐like pathology in the brain of aging African green monkeys (Chlorocebus sabaeus)
Authors: Corey Tatiana M. , Illanes Oscar , Lawrence Matthew , Perez Sylvia E. , Liddie Shervin , Callanan John J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNonhuman primates (NHPs) are important to study the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative disease and evaluate therapies targeting the central nervous system (CNS). Understanding the age‐associated incidence of natural CNS pathology in a given NHP species is critical to assess the safety of potential treatments for neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer's disease (AD). We describe background and age‐related neuropathology in the St. Kitts African green monkey (AGM), a recognized translational model for neurodegenerative research, additionally defining the age progression of AD‐associated neuropathology in this species. Seventy‐one AGM brains were examined, representing age groups of 3–6 years (n = 20), 7–9 years (n = 20), 10–15 years (n = 20), and >15 years (n = 11). A subset of brains (n = 31) was assessed immunohistochemically for AD‐related pathology, including expressions of Aβ, tau, and GFAP. Age‐related microscopic findings included hemosiderosis, spheroid formation, neuronal lipofuscinosis and neuromelanosis, white matter and neuropil vacuolation, astrocytosis, and focal microgliosis. Non‐age‐related findings included perivascular ceroid‐laden macrophages, meningeal melanosis, and vascular mineralization. Immunohistochemistry revealed 4G8‐immunopositive Aβ plaques and vascular deposits in the prefrontal, frontal, cingulate, and temporal cortices of nine animals over 15 years of age, with associated increase in GFAP expression. In 12 animals, 11 over the age of 10 years, phosphorylated tau CP13‐immunoreactive neurons, neuropil, and oligodendrocyte‐like cells were seen in the prefrontal, frontal, cingulate, orbital, temporal, and entorhinal cortices as well as the hippocampus; no neurofibrillary tangles were observed. AD‐related pathology showed an age‐related development in cognitive‐associated areas in the AGM, highlighting the value of the AGM as a natural model for these neurodegenerative diseases.
Effect of growing season on some qualitative and functional attributes of different potato genotypes
Authors: Ilahy Riadh , Tlili Imen , Ghannem Samir , Pék Zoltán , Azam Muhammed , Siddiqui Mohammed Wasim , Helyes Lajos , Takács Sándor , Lenucci Marcello Salvatore , Khamassy Nouri 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPotato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is a staple food widely consumed in Tunisia and a source of nutrients beneficial for human health. The tubers are, indeed, important source of vitamins, minerals, and bioactive compounds, including carotenoids, polyphenols, and flavonoids. However, data regarding the functional quality of potato varieties grown and consumed in Tunisia are very scarce. For this reason, two field trials were conducted to focus on the effect of the growing season on the functional quality of four potato genotypes (Selena, El Beidha, Naima, and CL07F172.5): a first autumnal trial in Teboulba, Monastir (September 2015–February 2016), which is the late cropping season (LCS) and a second summer cropping season (SCS) in El ksour, El Kef region at an altitude > 1000 m (July 2015–October 2015). Total carotenoids, total phenolics, and flavonoids contents, as well as the hydrophilic radical scavenging activity and lipophilic radical scavenging activity (LRSA) were determined. The obtained results confirmed the importance of potato tubers as a source of bioactive compounds. All quality traits varied significantly among varieties and cropping seasons. Tubers grown under colder weather conditions (LCS: minimum and maximum averages temperatures and relative humidity (RH) ranging between 14.25 and 22.55°C and 25.46% and 83.07%, respectively) accumulated the highest total vitamin C content and exhibited the highest LRSA values. However, temperature and warmer growing conditions (SCS: minimum and maximum averages temperatures and RH ranging between 19.74 and 34.22°C and 35.46% and 87.51%, respectively) probably enhanced the synthesis and accumulation of total carotenoids, total phenolics, and total flavonoids, associated with higher LRSA values.
Mechanical demands of bite in plane head shapes of ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) workers
Authors: Klunk Cristian L. , Argenta Marco A. , Casadei‐Ferreira Alexandre , Pie Marcio R. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFood processing can exert significant evolutionary pressures on the morphological evolution of animal appendages. The ant genus Pheidole displays a remarkable degree of morphological differentiation and task specialization among its workers. Notably, there is considerable variation in head shape within worker subcastes of Pheidole, which could affect the stress patterns generated by bite‐related muscle contraction. In this study, we use finite element analysis (FEA) to investigate the effect of the variation in head plane shape in stress patterns, while exploring the morphospace of Pheidole worker head shapes. We hypothesize that the plane head shapes of majors are optimized for dealing with stronger bites. Furthermore, we expect that plane head shapes at the edges of each morphospace would exhibit mechanical limitations that prevent further expansion of the occupied morphospace. We vectorized five head shapes for each Pheidole worker type located at the center and edges of the corresponding morphospaces. We conducted linear static FEA to analyze the stresses generated by mandibular closing muscle contraction. Our findings indicate that plane head shapes of majors exhibit signs of optimization to deal with stronger bites. Stresses are distinctly directed along the lateral margins of the head, following the direction of muscle contraction, whereas the stresses on the plane head shapes of minors tend to concentrate around the mandibular articulations. However, the comparatively higher stress levels observed on majors' plane head shapes suggest a demand for cuticular reinforcement, like increased cuticle thickness or sculpturing pattern. Our results align with the expectations regarding the main colony tasks performed by each worker subcaste, and we find evidence of biomechanical limitations on extreme plane head shapes for majors and minors.
Increased importance of cool‐water fish at high latitudes emerges from individual‐level responses to warming
Authors: Smalås Aslak , Primicerio Raul , Kahilainen Kimmo K. , Terentyev Petr M. , Kashulin Nikolay A. , Zubova Elena M. , Amundsen Per‐Arne 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHigh latitude ecosystems are experiencing the most rapid warming on earth, expected to trigger a diverse array of ecological responses. Climate warming affects the ecophysiology of fish, and fish close to the cold end of their thermal distribution are expected to increase somatic growth from increased temperatures and a prolonged growth season, which in turn affects maturation schedules, reproduction, and survival, boosting population growth. Accordingly, fish species living in ecosystems close to their northern range edge should increase in relative abundance and importance, and possibly displace cold‐water adapted species. We aim to document whether and how population‐level effects of warming are mediated by individual‐level responses to increased temperatures, shift community structure, and composition in high latitude ecosystems. We studied 11 cool‐water adapted perch populations in communities dominated by cold‐water adapted species (whitefish, burbot, and charr) to investigate changes in the relative importance of the cool‐water perch during the last 30 years of rapid warming in high latitude lakes. In addition, we studied the individual‐level responses to warming to clarify the potential mechanisms underlying the population effects. Our long‐term series (1991–2020) reveal a marked increase in numerical importance of the cool‐water fish species, perch, in ten out of eleven populations, and in most fish communities perch is now dominant. Moreover, we show that climate warming affects population‐level processes via direct and indirect temperature effects on individuals. Specifically, the increase in abundance arises from increased recruitment, faster juvenile growth, and ensuing earlier maturation, all boosted by climate warming. The speed and magnitude of the response to warming in these high latitude fish communities strongly suggest that cold‐water fish will be displaced by fish adapted to warmer water. Consequently, management should focus on climate adaptation limiting future introductions and invasions of cool‐water fish and mitigating harvesting pressure on cold‐water fish.
Metal‐Organic Frameworks for Efficient Electrochemical Reduction of Carbon Dioxide
Authors: Chipojola Mtukula Austin , Zhang Xiang‐Da , Hou Shu‐Zhen , Huang Jian‐Mei , Xu Ming , Gu Zhi‐Yuan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe large concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere can be utilized in industrial production using effective electrocatalysts such as metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs). Due to good properties such as high surface area, designable functionality, and uniform constitution, MOFs are regarded as promising electrocatalysts for the carbon dioxide electrochemical reduction reaction (eCO2RR). This review covers the importance, challenges, and mechanism of eCO2RR, and simply discusses the progress in the synthesis methods and characterization of MOFs. The review also thoroughly discusses the advances of single metal‐based MOFs, mixed metal‐based MOFs, and MOF derivatives as electrocatalysts for efficient eCO2RR.
Pd‐Catalyzed Regioselective Domino C−C Bond Formation to Access N‐Fused Benzimidazo‐Indolo‐Isoquinoline Heterocycles
Authors: Babu Pathi Vijay , Manna Arindam , Srinath Ravuri , Adhikary Supriyo , Banerji Biswadip 
Published: June 2023

AbstractRegioselective synthesis of N‐fused benzimidazo‐indolo‐isoquinoline heterocycles via Pd‐catalyzed domino coupling reaction of 1‐(1‐methyl‐1H‐indol‐2‐yl)‐1H‐benzimidazoles and aryl halides was developed. This one pot methodology proceeded via a five‐member carbopalladacycle intermediate and provided direct and facile route to access structurally complex polyheterocycles in moderate to good yields. These unique hybrid molecules resembled structural similarity with naturally isolated alkaloids. Notably, the present domino process occurred through activation of three C−H bonds and the simultaneous formation of two new C−C bonds in one‐shot. These molecules exhibited strong solid and solution phase fluorescence and their emission spectra in both the medium are reported here.
Leaf epidermal characteristics of Annonaceae Juss. and its taxonomic evidence in Nigeria and the Cameroons
Authors: Adeniran Sunday Adebunmi , Kadiri Akeem Babalola , Olowokudejo James Dele 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study describes the comprehensive micromorphology and taxonomic evidence of 28 species of Annonaceae from Nigeria and the Cameroons using light microscopy to provide additional anatomical and morphological diagnostic characters to complement the systematics boundaries of the infrafamilial and tribal clades. The epidermal cell shape varies from polygonal to irregular on both or either surface except Annona reticulata with isodiametric on the adaxial surface. The anticlinal wall patterns are either undulated, straight, or curved in the family. The constant generic feature encountered includes hypostomata which are mostly paracytic except in Cananga odorata, Isolona zenkeri, Uvaria angolensis and Letestudoxa bella possessing pericytic, 1 + 2 laterocytic and stephanocytic, respectively. Hemiparacytics, brachyamphiparacytic and brachyparacytic stomata, which are variables of paracytic are also present. These stomata complexes proved useful in species delimitation and diagnostic of the family Annonaceae. Other foliar epidermal features were crystals of different shapes and sizes mainly of druses and styloid, unicellular trichome type, and anticlinal wall pattern. The pattern of affinity among the species suggested evidence of similarity and differences in the micromorphological characters, which cumulated to the distinct identification of each species. Based on the most reliable characters within the family, the k‐means cluster, distance matrix, correlation coefficient, and UPGMA dendrogram tree were constructed.
The effect of coenzyme Q10 supplementation on liver enzymes: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized clinical trials
Authors: Soleimani Damaneh Mohadeseh , Fatahi Somaye , Aryaeian Naheed , Bavi Behbahani Hossein 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCoenzyme Q10 is a potent antioxidant and is necessary for energy production in mitochondria. Clinical data have suggested that coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) has some beneficial effects on liver function. However, these results are equivocal. This systematic review and meta‐analysis aimed to clarify the effect of coenzyme Q10 supplementation on the serum concentration of liver function enzymes. We searched the online databases using relevant keywords up to April 2022. Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) investigating the effect of CoQ10, compared with a control group, on serum concentrations of liver enzymes were included. We found a significant reduction following supplementation with CoQ10 on serum concentrations of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) based on 15 effect sizes from 13 RCTs (weighted mean difference [WMD] = −5.33 IU/L; 95% CI: −10.63, −0.03; p = .04), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) based on 15 effect sizes from 13 RCTs (WMD = −4.91 IU/L; 95% CI: −9.35, −0.47; p = .03) and gamma‐glutamyl transferase (GGT) based on eight effect sizes from six RCTs (WMD = −8.07 IU/L; 95% CI: −12.82, −3.32; p = .001; I2 = 91.6%). However, we found no significant effects of CoQ10 supplementation on alkaline phosphatase concentration (WMD = 1.10 IU/L; 95% CI: −5.98, 8.18; p = .76). CoQ10 supplementation significantly improves circulating ALT, AST, and GGT levels; therefore, it might positively affect liver function. Further high‐quality RCTs with more extended intervention periods and larger sample sizes are recommended to confirm our results.
Occurrence and dietary exposure assessment of heavy metals in baby foods in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alharbi Najla S. , Akamsiei Rawdah M. , Almaiman Lama A. , AL‐Samti Mostafa A. , Al‐Mutairi Hamad S. , Al‐owais Bandar S. , Alkhalaf Majid M. , Bineid Mohammed A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractEarly childhood exposure to heavy metals like arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) through baby foods unfolds many concerns about their toxic effects on growth and health. In this study, occurrence and dietary intake of As, Cd, and Pb in stage 1 infant formula (0–6 months), stage 2 infant formula (7–12 months), cereal‐based meals, and biscuits were estimated. First, the levels of As, Cd, and Pb were determined with ICP‐MS, followed by the calculation of estimated daily intake (EDI), target hazard quotient (THQ), and hazard index (HI) for As and Cd, and margin of exposure (MoE) for Pb. Mean levels of As, Cd, and Pb were the highest in cereal‐based meals and biscuits as 15.5–11.1, 5.18–8.76, and 35.2–53.8 μg/kg, respectively. Newborns to 6 months old infants were estimated to be the highest exposed population to Cd and Pb (0.08 and 0.36 μg/kg bw/day), while infants aged 7–12 months old were exposed the highest to As. Based on the THQ, HI, and MoE findings, the current exposure levels from the selected baby foods to As, Cd, and Pb pose low potential chronic risks to both infant age groups. This research provides a roadmap for future investigations in chemical contaminants often detected in baby foods consumed regularly by Saudi infants.
Quality of glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its association with markers of coagulation and inhibitors of fibrinolysis: A case–control study in the Upper West Region, Ghana
Authors: Selleh Peter K. , Anto Enoch O. , Boadu Wina I. O. , Sackey Benedict , Boateng Lilian A. , Nkansah Charles , Nsafoah Frederick , Saasi Abdul R. , Mintaah Selina , Wiafe Yaw A. , Derigubah Charles , Korsah Emmanuel E. , Frimpong Joseph , Ansah Ezekiel , Tamakloe Valentine C. K. T. , Adu Patrick , Boachie Joseph , Addai‐Mensah Otchere 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) individuals are at a higher risk of developing diabetes complications, with approximately 80% complication‐related mortality. The increased morbidity and mortality among T2DM patients are partly due to dysregulated hemostasis. This study determined the quality of glycemic control in T2DM and its association with markers of coagulation and inhibitors of fibrinolysis.MethodsThis case–control study recruited 90 participants involving: 30 T2DM patients with good glycemic control, 30 with poor glycemic control, and 30 nondiabetic subjects as controls at a Municipal Hospital in Ghana. Fasting blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), calculated international normalized ratio (INR), and full blood count (FBC) were determined for each respondent. Plasma levels of plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1 (PAI‐1) and thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI) were determined using the solid‐phase sandwich enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay method. Data were analyzed using R language software.ResultsPlasma PAI‐1 antigen levels were significantly higher in the participants with poor glycemic control as compared to participants with good glycemic control (p < 0.0001). There was no significant difference in plasma TAFI levels between the participants with poor glycemic control as compared to participants with good glycemic control (p = 0.900). T2DM patients had significantly shorter APTT, PT, and INR than controls (p < 0.05). At a cut‐off of ≥161.70 pg/μL, PAI was independently associated with increasing odds (adjusted odds ratio = 13.71, 95% confidence interval: 3.67–51.26, p < 0.0001) of poor glycemic control and showed the best diagnostic accuracy for poor glycemic control (area under the curve = 0.85, p < 0.0001).ConclusionPAI‐1 levels were significantly increased in T2DM with poor glycemic control and emerged as the best predictor for poor glycemic control. Good glycemic management to control the plasma levels of PAI‐1 is required to prevent hypercoagulability and thrombotic disorders.