bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of a guardian plant system to suppress Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) in greenhouse ornamentals
Authors: Sullivan Cheryl Frank , Davari Agrin , Kim Jae Su , Parker Bruce L. , Skinner Margaret 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDWestern flower thrips (WFT), Franklinella occidentalis (Pergande), is an economically damaging pest of greenhouse ornamentals. A ‘guardian plant system’ (GPS) that targeted WFT was evaluated under controlled and commercial greenhouse conditions. This system used mycotized millet grains with the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo‐Crivelli) Vuillemin applied to soil of potted marigolds, Tagetes patula (L.), combined with the foliar‐dwelling predatory mite Neoseiulus (=Amblyseius) cucumeris (Oudemans) in slow‐release sachets under controlled greenhouse conditions, and with the addition of a pheromone lure under commercial settings.RESULTSSignificantly fewer WFT and less foliar damage on GPS was observed over the 10 and 12 weeks experimental periods compared to the untreated controls. Predatory mites were maintained up to 10 weeks with one release under controlled greenhouse conditions and 12 weeks with two releases in commercial greenhouses. In commercial greenhouses, greater numbers of WFT were found on marigolds than on crop plants within 1 m of the system. Fungal granules persisted for 12 weeks up to 2.5 × 105 CFU g−1 in the GPS soil.CONCLUSIONThe use of biological control agents to suppress WFT within a GPS could be a useful IPM strategy for greenhouse production. The marigold GPS attracted WFT which were suppressed primarily through predation by foliar‐dwelling predatory mites and to a lesser extent, infection from conidia produced by the granular fungal formulation in the soil. Further investigations into system deployment and fungal granular application rates and new fungal formulations are suggested to improve system efficacy. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Spatial and temporal characteristics of extreme rainfall: Added benefits with sub‐kilometre‐resolution climate model simulations?
Authors: Thomassen Emma D. , Arnbjerg‐Nielsen Karsten , Sørup Hjalte J. D. , Langen Peter L. , Olsson Jonas , Pedersen Rasmus A. , Christensen Ole B. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractLocal, short‐duration extreme precipitation events can cause floodings and have massive economic consequences. The climate change impact on such events is of great interest, but due to the small spatio‐temporal scales involved, these are challenging to properly represent in climate models. This study analyses a new sub‐kilometre (750 m) HARMONIE‐Climate model simulation driven by ERA5 reanalysis data. Three convection‐permitting models at 750 m, 3 and 5 km grid distance are analysed and compared with driving reanalyses, intermediate model simulations and a dense rain gauge network. The representation of convective events is analysed by a range of metrics categorised as spatial, temporal and event‐focused. Precipitation events are analysed at both hourly and sub‐hourly scales and a clear difference between model performance on these scales is found. Overall, we find a better performance for HCLIM750m for most metrics, yet the added benefits of the computationally intensive sub‐kilometre scale simulation seems limited compared to the convection‐permitting models at 3 and 5 km.
Role of β2‐glycoprotein I in the pathogenesis of the antiphospholipid syndrome
Authors: Li Jing , Zhu Xiangrui , Feng Juan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAntiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is typically characterized by increased levels of three classes of antiphospholipid antibodies, namely lupus anticoagulant, anti‐β2‐glycoprotein I (anti‐β2GPI), and anticardiolipin antibodies. β2‐Glycoprotein (β2GPI) is a phospholipid‐binding protein composed of five domains (DI–V) and a major antigen in APS. β2GPI is expressed on the surfaces of several cell types, including endothelial cells, monocytes, trophoblast cells, and platelets. Its binding to the anti‐β2GPI antibody triggers downstream signaling events and ultimately exerts a variety of cellular effects. β2GPI modulates hemostasis and the complement system, as well as playing an important role in APS‐associated vascular injury. Therefore, studying β2GPI will help elucidate the pathogenesis of APS and improve the treatment of patients with this condition. This review will mainly focus on the structure and function of β2GPI, as well as its implication in the pathogenesis of APS.
Metagenomic next‐generation sequencing for pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in patients with connective tissue disease
Authors: Liu Jianwen , Wu Chenmin , He Juanjuan , Wu Yanfang , Gao Fei , Chen Zhihan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundAccurate diagnosis of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) is challenging, and the delayed diagnosis of PJP is associated with high mortality in patients with connective tissue disease (CTD). Metagenomic next‐generation sequencing (mNGS) technology facilitates etiological diagnosis of various infectious diseases, with promising application in diagnosing PJP. This study aimed to investigate the value of mNGS using bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) for diagnosing PJP infection.MethodsData from 55 patients with CTD and suspected pulmonary infection was retrospectively collected and analysed. A PJP group and non‐PJP group were formed. The clinical manifestations, laboratory test results, treatment methods, and outcomes were summarized. BALF mNGS results were compared with traditional pathogen tests (TPT) and serum 1,3‐beta‐D‐glucan (BDG) testing.ResultsThe mean age of PJP patients was 54 years, and 59% (10/17) of the patients were female. A significant difference was found between the average daily dose of prednisone administered to the PJP group and non‐PJP group (25 mg vs. 16 mg, P < 0.001). The PJP group had a significantly higher incidence of dyspnoea (88% [15/17] vs. 16% [6/38], P < 0.001) and elevated serum BDG level (167.73 vs. 30.67 pg/mL, P < 0.001). BALF mNGS was more sensitive than both TPT (100% [95% confidence interval {CI}: 77.1%–100%] vs. 11.8% [95% CI: 2.1%–37.7%], P < 0.001) and serum BDG (100% [95% CI: 77.1%–100%] vs. 85.7% [95% CI: 42%–99.2%], P < 0.001). BALF mNGS was more specific than serum BDG (89.5% [95% CI: 74.3%–96.6%] vs. 46.7% [95% CI: 22.3%–72.6%], P = 0.493). Co‐infection with cytomegalovirus (CMV) was more common in the PJP patients than in the non‐PJP patients (59% [10/17] vs. 11% [4/38], respectively, P < 0.001).ConclusionBALF mNGS technology is highly effective for diagnosing PJP in patients with CTD and identifying co‐infections.
Effect of the Three Gorges Reservoir on vertical distribution of suspended sediment concentration and estimation accuracy of depth‐average concentration in downstream reaches
Authors: Wang Yule , Chen Li , Yuan Jin , Li Yuchen , Yang Chengguang , He Xiaohua 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe sediment regime in the middle Yangtze River has been significantly changed from quasi‐equilibrium to nonequilibrium since the impoundment of the Three Georges Reservoir (TGR). To understand the effects of the TGR on vertical distribution of suspended sediment concentration (SSC) and estimation accuracy of mean concentration, vertical sediment concentration and flow velocity data at the Shashi and Jianli hydrological stations in the reach before and after the impoundment were collected. Comparisons and analysis of vertical profiles of SSC before and after the TGR impoundment show that after the impoundment of the TGR, due to the coarsening of sediment particle size, the reduction in sediment load, and the significant decrease in sediment saturation, the vertical distribution of SSC in the downstream reaches became more uneven under medium and low water flows, which was reflected in the vertical gradient and the fluctuation degree of SSC significantly increased. In addition, the depth‐average sediment concentrations were calculated by the selected‐point method and the mean values calculated by the “multi‐point method” were regarded as the “true mean” to evaluate the accuracy of the mean value calculated by the “few‐point method.” It was found that the relative errors for the selected‐point method were mainly positive before impoundment but mainly negative after impoundment. Additionally, the correction factors of one‐point, two‐point, and three‐point methods and the position of the near‐bed substituted point for the five‐point method were given to reduce the error when the point measurements were used to calculate the depth‐average sediment concentration in the downstream reaches.
Insight into Accelerating Polysulfides Redox Kinetics by BN@MXene Heterostructure for Li–S Batteries
Authors: Song Yaochen , Tang Pengkai , Wang Yi , Bi Linnan , Liang Qi , Yao Yilin , Qiu Yuhong , He Liang , Xie Qingyu , Dong Peng , Zhang Yingjie , Yao Yao , Liao Jiaxuan , Wang Sizhe 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSluggish redox kinetics and shuttle effect of polysulfides hinder the extensive application of the lithium–sulfur batteries (LSBs). Herein a functional heterostructure of boron nitride (BN) and MXene with an alternately layered structure (BN@MXene) is designed as separator interlayer. High efficiency Li+ transmission, uniform lithium deposition, strong adsorption, and efficient catalytic conversion activities of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) realized by this heterostructure are confirmed by experiments and theoretical calculations. The alternately layered structure provides unblocked ion transmission channels and abundant active sites to accelerate the polysulfides redox kinetics with reduced energy barriers of oxidation and reduction reactions. As a result, the LSBs deliver an initial discharge capacity of up to 1273.9 mAh g−1 at 0.2 °C and a low decay of 0.058% per cycle in long‐term cycling up to 700 cycles at 1 °C. This work provides an effective designing strategy to accelerate the polysulfides redox kinetics for advanced Li–S electrochemical system.
FLAME GPU 2: A framework for flexible and performant agent based simulation on GPUs
Authors: Richmond Paul , Chisholm Robert , Heywood Peter , Chimeh Mozhgan Kabiri , Leach Matthew 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAgent based modelling (ABM) offers a powerful abstraction for scientific study in a broad range of domains. The use of agent based simulators encourages good software engineering design such as separation of concerns, that is, the uncoupling of the model description from its implementation detail. A major limitation in current approaches to ABM simulation is that of the trade off between simulator flexibility and performance. It is common that highly optimised simulations, such as those which target graphics processing units (GPU) hardware, are implemented as standalone software. This work presents a software framework (FLAME GPU 2) which balances flexibility with performance for general purpose ABM. Methods for ensuring high computational efficacy are demonstrated by, minimising data movement, and ensuring high device utilisation by exploiting opportunities for concurrent code execution within a model and through the use of ensembles of simulations. A novel hierarchical sub‐modelling approach is also presented which can be used to model certain types of recursive behaviours. This feature is shown to be essential in providing a mechanism to resolve competition for resources between agents within a parallel environment which would otherwise introduce race conditions. To understand the performance characteristics of the software, a benchmark model with millions of agents is used to explore the use of simulation ensembles and to parametrically investigate concurrent code execution within a model. Performance speedups are demonstrated of 3.5 and 10 respectively over a baseline GPU implementation. Our hierarchical sub‐modelling approach is used to demonstrate the implementation of a recursive algorithm to resolve competition of agent movement which occurs as a result of agent desire to simultaneously occupy discrete areas high in a ‘resource’. The algorithm is used to implement a classical socio‐economics model, Sugarscape, with populations of up to 16M agents.
AdaptiveH∞Observer‐Based Sliding Mode Control for Uncertain Fractional‐Order Nonlinear Systems
Authors: Huang Jiaoru , Xie Guo , Gao Song , Qian Fucai 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this paper, the robust control problem is investigated for fractional‐order nonlinear systems(FONS) with the unknown‐but‐bounded parametric uncertainties and the external disturbances. First, an adaptive observer is designed to estimate the system states and the unknown parameters. Then based on the observer, a fractional‐order sliding mode controller is designed and the asymptotic stability sufficient condition is derived for the closed‐loop system on the basis of Lyapunov stability criterion. The control strategy can not only realize the system stabilization, but also estimate the system unknown parameters and the system states. Moreover, a fractional‐order power type continuous function is adopted to replace the traditional sign function in the switch control component, the proposed method can avoid the chattering phenomenon. Finally, the simulation results demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the presented method. © 2023 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Antimicrobial peptides in Dendrobium officinale: Genomic parameters, peptide structures, and gene expression patterns
Authors: Huang Huiming , Lee Wen‐Yee , Zou Hui , Li Haiming , Zhang Shuhe , Li Heping , Lin Jiangbo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA weak codon usage bias was found in Dendrobium catenatum (D. officiale) antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), after the analysis of relative synonymous codon usage, GC contents, and the effective number of codons. The codon usage preference was mainly influenced by natural selection pressure. The self‐optimized prediction method and SWISS‐MODEL were applied for peptide structural and domain analyses, and some typical antimicrobial domains were found in D. officinale AMP amino sequences, such as knot1 domain, gibberellins‐stimulated domain, cupin_1 domain, defensin_like domain, and SLR1‐BP (S locus‐related glycoprotein 1 binding pollen coat protein) domain. To investigate the AMPs gene expression pattern, abiotic stresses, such as salt stress, drought stress, salicylic acid (SA), and methyl jasmonate (JA), were applied and the gene expression levels were detected by the real‐time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results showed that, even though the basic AMPs gene expressions were low, some AMPs can still be induced by salt dress, while the drought dress did not show the same impact. The SA and JA signaling pathways might be involved in most of the AMPs expressions. The natural selection of the D. officinale AMPs and thus forming diverse types of AMPs enhanced the plant's innate immunity and disease resistance capability, which would lead to a better understanding of the molecular mechanism for D. officinale adapting to the environment. The finding that salt stress, SA, and JA signaling pathways can induce AMP expression lays a foundation for the further development and functional verification of D. officinale AMPs.
The influence of L‐proline and fulvic acid on oxidative stress and semen quality of buffalo bull semen following cryopreservation
Authors: Ramazani Negin , Mahd Gharebagh Farid , Soleimanzadeh Ali , Arslan Halil Ozancan , Keles Esin , Gradinarska‐Yanakieva Desislava Georgieva , Arslan‐Acaröz Damla , Zhandi Mahdi , Baran Alper , Ayen Esmail , Dinç Dursun Ali 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundThis study investigates the effects of cryopreservation and supplementation of Azeri water buffalo's semen with proline (Lp) and fulvic acid (FA).ObjectivesTherefore, this study aimed to assess motility parameters, sperm viability, oxidative stress parameters, and DNA damage to detect the optimum concentrations of Lp and FA for buffalo semen cryopreservation.MethodsThirty semen samples of three buffalo bulls were diluted in Tris‐egg yolk extender and divided into 12 equal groups including control (C), Lp‐10, Lp‐20, Lp‐40, Lp‐60, Lp‐80 (containing 10, 20, 40, 60, 80 mM L‐proline, respectively), FA‐0.2, FA‐0.5, FA‐0.8, FA‐1.1, FA‐1.4 and FA‐1.7 (containing 0.2%, 0.5%, 0.8%, 1.1%, 1.4% and 1.7% fulvic acid, respectively).ResultsThe velocity parameters, TM and PM were improved by FA‐1.7, FA‐1.4, Lp‐40 and Lp‐60 groups compared to the C group but no significant difference was found regarding the amplitude of lateral head displacement and straightness compared to the control groups. The percentage of sperm viability and PMF were increased by FA‐1.7, FA‐1.4, FA‐1.1, Lp‐40 and Lp‐60 groups compared to C group, while in terms of sperm DNA damage FA‐1.7, FA‐1.4, FA‐1.1, Lp‐10, Lp‐20, Lp‐40 and Lp‐60 groups showed better results compared to C group. The results also showed that FA‐1.7, FA‐1.4, FA‐1.1, Lp‐20, Lp‐40 and Lp‐60 groups could improve TAC, SOD, GSH and decrease MDA levels. Also, FA‐1.7, FA‐1.4, Lp‐20 and Lp‐40 groups could improve GPx levels but just FA‐1.7, and Lp‐40 groups could improve CAT levels compared to C group.ConclusionsThus, it can be concluded that L‐proline and fulvic acid supplementations can improve the quality parameters of post‐thawed buffalo bull semen.
Luminescence study of Dy3+ doped magnesium aluminate phosphors for white light
Authors: Kaur Prabhpreet , Rani Suman , Srivastava A.K. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPure MgAl2O4 and a series of Dysprosium (Dy3+) doping in MgAl2O4 nanoparticles has synthesized using wet chemical sol‐gel method and prepared samples were sintered at 1100 °C. X‐ray diffraction analysis confirms the cubic phase of MgAl2O4 spinel without any impurity in phase even with different doping concentrations of Dy3+ (0.2–1.8 mol %). Under ultraviolet irradiation (283 nm) the fluorescence spectrum of pure MgAl2O4 shows maximum emission in the green‐yellow region. On Dy3+ doping in MgAl2O4, broad emission spectra have been observed due to energy transition that takes place between the host and dopant. To explore the nanophosphor for white light, chromaticity coordinates (CIE), color temperature (CCT), color rendering index (CRI) and color purity were analyzed and at 1.4 mol % doping concentration of Dy3+ in MgAl2O4 got best results i. e. CIE co‐ordinates (0.3326, 0.3334), CCT (5487), CRI (95) and minimum value of color purity (0.20 %). It is observed that emission shifts from yellow‐green to nearly white light emission as the doping is incorporated into the host. It is found that the prepared nanophosphors are energy efficient white light material.
Struktur und Einrichtung des Deutschen Cochlea-Implantat-Registers (DCIR)
Authors: Stöver T. , Plontke S. K. , Guntinas-Lichius O. , Welkoborsky H-J. , Zahnert T. , Delank K. W. , Deitmer T. , Esser D. , Dietz A. , Wienke A. , Loth A. , Dazert S. 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Versorgung von hochgradig schwerhörigen oder ertaubten Menschen mit einem Cochleaimplantat (CI) ist ein sehr erfolgreicher, aber auch komplexer und lebenslanger Versorgungsprozess, der eine hohe Struktur‑, Prozess- und Ergebnisqualität erfordert. Die Verwendung von medizinischen Registern stellt ein geeignetes Instrument dar, um versorgungsrelevante Qualitätssicherung zu betreiben und gleichzeitig wissenschaftliche Daten zu erheben. Auf Initiative des Präsidiums der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Hals-Chirurgie (DGHNO-KHC) sollte daher ein deutschlandweites CI-Register (Deutsches Cochlea-Implantat-Register, DCIR) eingerichtet werden. Hierzu sollten folgende Ziele erreicht werden: 1. rechtliche und vertragliche Grundlagen des Registers; 2. Definition der Registerinhalte; 3. Erarbeitung von Auswertungsstandards (klinikspezifische und nationale Jahresberichte); 4. Entwicklung eines Logos; 5. produktiver Betrieb des Registers. Nach der Definition eines Leistungskatalogs, der die Inhalte, die Struktur und den Betrieb des DCIR festlegt, wurde ein Registerbetreiber mit audiologischer Expertise gesucht. Nach Abwägung verschiedener Angebote wurde das Register schließlich in Kooperation mit dem Anbieter INNOFORCE (Ruggell, Liechtenstein) als Registerbetreiber technisch umgesetzt. Dabei wurde auch eine Schnittstelle zur Überführung von Daten aus bereits existierenden Datenbanken realisiert sowie ein Datenschutzkonzept für den produktiven Betrieb des DCIR unter wissenschaftlicher Leitung des Präsidiums der DGHNO-KHC erarbeitet. Seit Januar 2022 können von den CI-versorgenden Einrichtungen (CIVE) pseudonymisierte Daten in das DCIR eingegeben werden. Bisher haben sich 75 Kliniken aus Deutschland zur Registerteilnahme vertraglich bereit erklärt. In den ersten 15 Monaten des Registerbetriebs wurden bereits mehr als 2500 CI von mehr als 2000 Patienten erfolgreich in das DCIR aufgenommen. Die hier präsentierte Arbeit beschreibt die Strukturierung, den Aufbau und die erfolgreiche Einrichtung des DCIR. Die Einführung des DCIR stellt eine wichtige Säule einer zukünftigen wissenschaftlich basierten Qualitätssicherung der CI-Versorgung dar. Das hier dargestellte Register kann daher beispielgebend für andere Bereiche der medizinischen Versorgung betrachtet werden und setzt damit auch international Standards.