bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nonlinear absorption‐based analysis of energy deposition in melanosomes for 532‐nm short‐pulsed laser skin treatment
Authors: Shimojo Yu , Nishimura Takahiro , Ozawa Toshiyuki , Tsuruta Daisuke , Awazu Kunio 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThe clinical use of 532‐nm short‐pulsed lasers has provided effective treatment of epidermal pigmented lesions. However, the detection of significant differences in treatment effects between picosecond and nanosecond lasers has still varied among clinical studies. For robust evaluation of the differences based on the treatment mechanism, this study presents a nonlinear absorption‐based analysis of energy deposition in melanosomes for 532‐nm short‐pulsed laser treatment.Study Design/Materials and MethodsNonlinear absorption by melanin is modeled based on sequential two‐photon absorption. Absorption cross‐sections and nonradiative lifetimes of melanin, which are necessary for the nonlinear absorption‐based analysis, are determined from transmittance measurement. Using the model and parameters, energy deposition in melanosomes was calculated with varying fluence and pulse width settings, including actual clinical parameters.ResultsThe energy deposition in melanosomes increased with shorter laser pulses, and subnanosecond laser pulses were found to be most efficient. The comparison of energy deposition calculated using clinical parameters demonstrated the differences in treatment effects between picosecond and nanosecond lasers reported in clinical studies.ConclusionThe nonlinear absorption‐based analysis provides quantitative evidence for the safety and efficacy evaluation of short‐pulsed laser treatments, which may lead to the establishment of numerical indices for determining treatment conditions. Future studies considering the effects of the surrounding tissue on energy deposition in melanosomes will be needed.
Dynamic‐Covalent Crosslinking of Benzenetricarboxamide–Phenylboronate Conjugates
Authors: VandenBerg Michael A. , Xian Sijie , Xiang Yuanhui , Webber Matthew J. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn an effort to augment the function of supramolecular biomaterials, recent efforts have explored the creation of hybrid materials that couple supramolecular and covalent components. Here, the benzenetricarboxamide (BTA) supramolecular polymer motif is modified to present a phenylboronic acid (PBA) in order to promote the crosslinking of 1D BTA stacks by PBA–diol dynamic‐covalent bonds through the addition of a multi‐arm diol‐bearing crosslinker. Interestingly, the combination of these two motifs serves to frustrate the resulting assembly process, yielding hydrogels with worse mechanical properties than those prepared without the multi‐arm diol crosslinker. Both systems with and without the crosslinker do, however, respond to the presence of a physiological level of glucose with a reduction in their mechanical integrity; repulsive electrostatic interactions in the BTA stacks occur in both cases upon glucose binding, with added competition from glucose with PBA–diol bonds amplifying glucose response in the hybrid material. Accordingly, the present results point to an unexpected outcome of reduced hydrogel mechanics, yet increased glucose response, when two disparate dynamic motifs of BTA supramolecular polymerization and PBA–diol crosslinking are combined, offering a vision for future preparation of glucose‐responsive supramolecular biomaterials.
Accurate Detection of α‐Synuclein Seeds in Cerebrospinal Fluid from Isolated Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder and Patients with Parkinson's Disease in the DeNovo Parkinson (DeNoPa) Cohort
Authors: Concha‐Marambio Luis , Weber Sandrina , Farris Carly M. , Dakna Mohammed , Lang Elisabeth , Wicke Tamara , Ma Yihua , Starke Maritta , Ebentheuer Jens , Sixel‐Döring Friederike , Muntean Maria‐Lucia , Schade Sebastian , Trenkwalder Claudia , Soto Claudio , Mollenhauer Brit 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACTBackgroundMisfolded α‐synuclein (αSyn) aggregates (αSyn‐seeds) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are biomarkers for synucleinopathies such as Parkinson's disease (PD). αSyn‐seeds have been detected in prodromal cases with isolated rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (iRBD).ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to determine the accuracy of the αSyn–seed amplification assay (αS‐SAA) in a comprehensively characterized cohort with a high proportion of PD and iRBD CSF samples collected at baseline.MethodsWe used a high‐throughput αS‐SAA to analyze 233 blinded CSF samples from 206 participants of the DeNovo Parkinson Cohort (DeNoPa) (113 de novo PD, 64 healthy controls, 29 iRBD confirmed by video polysomnography). Results were compared with the final diagnosis, which was determined after up to 10 years of longitudinal clinical evaluations, including dopamine‐transporter–single‐photon emission computed tomography (DAT‐SPECT) at baseline, CSF proteins, Movement Disorder Society–Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale, and various cognitive and nonmotor scales.ResultsαS‐SAA detected αSyn‐seeds in baseline PD‐CSF with 98% accuracy. αSyn‐seeds were detected in 93% of the iRBD cases. αS‐SAA results showed higher agreement with the final than the initial diagnosis, as 14 patients were rediagnosed as non‐αSyn aggregation disorder. For synucleinopathies, αS‐SAA showed higher concordance with the final diagnosis than DAT‐SPECT. Statistically significant correlations were found between assay parameters and disease progression.ConclusionsOur results confirm αS‐SAA accuracy at the first clinical evaluation when a definite diagnosis is most consequential. αS‐SAA conditions reported here are highly sensitive, enabling the detection of αSyn‐seeds in CSF from iRBD just months after the first symptoms, suggesting that αSyn‐seeds are present in the very early prodromal phase of synucleinopathies. Therefore, αSyn‐seeds are clear risk markers for synuclein‐related disorders, but not for time of phenoconversion. © 2023 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Peri‐Urethral and Anterior Vaginal Wall Masses: Does Radiological Imaging Change the Predicted Diagnosis?
Authors: Touma Nawar , Yao Henry H. , Shamout Samer , Shaw Jordyn , Baverstock Richard J. , Carlson Kevin V. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIntroductionThis study aims to determine the accuracy of radiological imaging compared with surgical pathology in patients with periurethral (PU) and anterior vaginal wall (AVW) lesions.MethodsThis study is a retrospective analysis of 126 women who underwent surgical treatment for PU and AVW masses between 2011 and 2020. Clinicopathological data were extracted along with radiological findings from medical records. The primary outcome was the diagnostic accuracy of preoperative imaging compared to the gold standard, pathological diagnosis. The secondary outcome was the rate of imaging correcting the clinical diagnosis.ResultsA total of 126 women with a median age of 42 underwent surgical treatment for PU and AVW masses. The most diagnoses were periurethral cysts (PUC) (52%) and urethral diverticulum (UD) (39%). Clinical diagnosis was accurate in 102 cases (81%) for the group of pathological diagnoses. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and transvaginal ultrasound (TV US) were performed in 82 (65%) and 22 (17%) cases. The accuracy of MRI and TV US for the diagnosis of PU and AVW lesions was 76% and 82%, respectively. MRI and TV US corrected the clinical diagnosis in five (6%) and two (9%) cases, respectively. Voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) and double balloon urethrography (DBU), each performed in six (5%) cases, were accurate in four (67%) and three (50%) cases. No statistical difference was found for any imaging modality compared to clinical diagnosis.ConclusionClinical diagnosis based on pelvic and cystoscopy examinations was sufficient for diagnosing PU and AVW masses and was not significantly different from imaging diagnosis. Imaging may be helpful with preoperative surgical planning in selected cases.
Neuroimaging of mild behavioral impairment: A systematic review
Authors: Matsuoka Teruyuki , Imai Ayu , Narumoto Jin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThere are many neuroimaging studies of mild behavioral impairment (MBI), but the results have been somewhat inconsistent. Moreover, it remains unclear whether MBI is a risk factor or prodromal symptom of dementia. Therefore, a systematic review was conducted to summarize the results of neuroimaging studies of MBI and consider whether MBI is a prodromal symptom of dementia in terms of its neural correlates. A systematic review supported by a JSPS Grant‐in‐Aid for Scientific Research (C) was conducted using MBI neuroimaging studies identified using PubMed, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and Google Scholar on November 1, 2022. The inclusion criteria were (i) neuroimaging study; (ii) research on human subjects; (iii) papers written in English; and (iv) not a case study, review, book, comments, or abstract only. Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklists were used to assess the quality of selected studies, and 23 structural and functional imaging studies were ultimately included in the systematic review. The structural studies suggested an association of MBI with atrophy in the hippocampus, parahippocampal gyrus, entorhinal cortex, and temporal lobe, whereas the functional studies indicated involvement of an altered default mode network, frontoparietal control network, and salience network in MBI. A limitation in many studies was the use of region‐of‐interest analysis. The brain areas detected as neural correlates of MBI are considered to be alterations in the early stage of each dementia. Therefore, MBI may emerge against a background of pathological changes in dementia.
Evaluation of right ventricular strain in two separate cohorts with precapillary pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Crossman Lauren M. , Rajaram Priyanka , Hart Charles Michael , Pernetz Maria A. , Sahu Anurag , Jokhadar Maan , Book Wendy M. , Fisher Micah R. , Trammell Aaron W. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractEvaluation for right ventricular (RV) dysfunction is an important part of risk assessment in care of patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) as it is associated with morbidity and mortality. Echocardiography provides a widely available and acceptable method to assess RV function. RV global longitudinal strain (RVGLS), a measure of longitudinal shortening of RV deep muscle fibers obtained by two‐dimensional echocardiography, was previously shown to predict short‐term mortality in patients with PH. The purpose of the current study was to assess the performance of RVGLS in predicting 1‐year outcomes in PH. We retrospectively identified 83 subjects with precapillary PH and then enrolled 50 consecutive prevalent pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) subjects into a prospective validation cohort. Death as well as combined morbidity and mortality events at 1 year were assessed as outcomes. In the retrospective cohort, 84% of patients had PAH and the overall 1‐year mortality rate was 16%. Less negative RVGLS was marginally better than tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) as a predictor for death. However, in the prospective cohort, 1‐year mortality was only 2%, and RVGLS was not predictive of death or a combined morbidity and mortality outcome. This study supports that RV strain and TAPSE have similar 1‐year outcome predictions but highlights that low TAPSE or less negative RV strain measures are often false‐positive in a cohort with low baseline mortality risk. While RV failure is considered the final common pathway for disease progression in PAH, echocardiographic measures of RV function may be less informative of risk in serial follow‐up of treated PAH patients.
Upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage caused by duodenal metastasis from primary lung cancer: A case report
Authors: Jellali Maissa , Chaouch Mohamed Ali , Ben Jabra Sadok , Moussa Amani , Zenati Hanene , Zouari Khadija , Noomen Faouzi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDuodenal metastases from primary lung carcinoma are uncommon. They usually occur in terminal‐stage disease. Bleeding, as the first presentation of duodenal metastases, is rare. This case reports a rare mechanism of upper gastrointestinal bleeding due to a metastatic involvement of the duodenum and gastroduodenal artery. A 58‐year‐old man with a past medical history of pulmonary carcinoma presented an episode of hematemesis of great abundance with melena. On physical examination, he was afebrile and pale. The biological data found an anaemia with haemoglobin at 6 g/dL. The upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed a congestive duodenal lesion with signs of recent bleeding. An angio CT scan localized the bleeding from the gastroduodenal artery. A few hours later, the patient presented a recurrent episode of hematemesis with deglobalization. So we performed a radiologic embolization of the gastroduodenal artery. Haemorrhage as the first presentation of small bowel metastases is rare, especially when these are located in the duodenum, with a poor prognosis. Radiological embolisation could be the best choice for treatment.
The characteristics of diagrams in scientific explanations: Multimodal integration of written and visual modes of representation in junior high school textbooks
Authors: Tang Kok‐Sing 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThere is a growing research examining the use of visual diagrams in scientific explanations. However, current research in this area is mostly based on case studies involving a few explanations from one or two topics in science. There are few systematic studies that examine more broadly how diagrams are used in relation to scientific explanations across a range of scientific texts. The aim of this study is to investigate the characteristics of diagrams in scientific explanations found in Grade 7–10 science textbooks covering many topics in biology, chemistry, earth and space sciences, and physics. The study is informed by the theories of systemic functional linguistics and social semiotics and applies a mixed methods approach to textbook analysis. A content analysis was first carried out to systematically identify the image functions (e.g., narrative, analytical, classificational) in all the diagrams (N = 749) and compare their distributions across different genres (e.g., explanation, information, experiment). This is followed by a multimodal discourse analysis to understand how the various image functions are combined with the linguistic features of the written text in the construction of scientific explanations. Quantitative results reveal explanation diagrams are characteristically different from diagrams used in other genres in terms of a higher usage of narrative function, temporal function, and annotated caption. Qualitative results further show how these image functions are typically used to support the reasoning of the explanation focusing on dynamic processes and time‐bounded sequences. This study has implications to our understanding of how diagrams are used to support the construction of scientific explanations.
Encoding microcarriers for biomedicine
Authors: Wei Xiaowei , Shang Yixuan , Zhu Yefei , Gu Zhuxiao , Zhang Dagan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractHigh throughput biological analysis has become an important topic in modern biomedical research and clinical diagnosis. The flow encoding scheme based on the encoding microcarriers provides a feasible strategy for the multiplexed biological analysis. Different encoding characteristics invest the microcarriers with different encoding mechanisms. Biosensor analysis, drug screening, cell culture, and the construction and evaluation of bionic organ chips can be realized by decoding the microcarriers and quantifying the detection signal intensity. In this review, the encoding strategy of microcarriers was divided into the optical and non‐optical encoding approaches according to their encoding elements, and the research progress of the microcarrier encoding strategy was elaborated. Finally, we summarized the biomedical applications and predicted their future prospects.
Liquid Structures and Ion Dynamics of Ionic Liquids Viewed from Intermolecular Interactions
Authors: Tsuzuki Seiji , Shinoda Wataru 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe elucidation of the factors determining liquid structures and transport properties of ionic liquids is important for the design and development of ionic liquid electrolytes. This personal account introduces the importance of computational methods for studying ionic liquids. Molecular dynamics simulations provide detailed information on liquid structures of ionic liquid such as the structures of solvated cation complexes in equimolar mixtures of glymes and Li[TFSA] and the effects of the charges of electrode on liquid structure near the electrode. Ab initio calculations reveal that the magnitude of the attraction between ions and conformational flexibility ions play important roles in determining transport properties of ionic liquids. First principle molecular dynamics simulations elucidate why solvated cation complex is stable in the equimolar mixtures, although the Li+‐[TFSA]− interaction is greater than Li+‐glyme interaction.
Cement Composites with Carbon‐Based Nanomaterials for 3D Concrete Printing Applications – A Review
Authors: Inayath Basha Shaik , Ur Rehman Atta , Aziz Md. Abdul , Kim Jung‐Hoon 
Published: February 2023

Abstract3D concrete printing (3DCP) is an emerging additive manufacturing technology in the construction industry. Its challenges lie in the development of high‐performance printable materials and printing processes. Recently developed carbon‐based nanomaterials (CBNs) such as graphene, graphene oxide, graphene nanoplatelets, and carbon nanotubes, have various applications due to their exceptional mechanical, chemical, thermal, and electrical characteristics. CBNs also have found potential applications as a concrete ingredient as they enhance the microstructure and modify concrete properties at the molecular level. This paper focuses on state‐of‐the‐art studies on CBNs, 3DCP technology, and CBNs in conventional and 3D printable cement‐based composites including CBN dispersion techniques, concrete mixing methods, and fresh and hardened properties of concrete. Furthermore, the current limitations and future perspectives of 3DCP using CBNs to produce high‐quality composite mixtures are discussed.
A conceptual reappraisal of risks in the implementation of BRI after COVID‐19: Best strategies to learn for CMNEs in BRI projects
Authors: Sheetal  , Narang Daviender , Singh Gursimranjit 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis study is aimed to propose a quantitatively supported framework regarding different types of risks involved in BRI and strategic solutions to neutralize the risks. The conceptual model and related propositions are advanced, based on bibliometric and science mapping analysis of 367 articles published over 6 years about risk, success, failure and dissent about the projects, and strategies to mitigate these risks. The descriptive statistics and science mapping approaches using co‐citation analysis were performed with VOSviewer software. A co‐citation analysis, coupled with content analysis of most co‐cited articles, uncovered four underlying research streams, including “Infrastructural expansion and political & economical risks,” “Investment choice through impact assessment and cultural risks,” “Environmental risks,” and “Real outcomes of BRI projects and viewpoint of host countries.” Among the four strategies identified, developing trust in the Chinese system can be created through National Branding by Chinese MNEs to mitigate the geo‐political risks. Second, Guanxi neutralizes the reputation risks and cultural friction in collaborative projects and positively affects BRI project implementation. Third, the localization of management and processes can also help in offsetting the environmental risks in post COVID scenario. Lastly, increasing multilateral funding for sustainable infrastructure can be used to boost financial capacity building and mitigate financial risk to a certain extent. The present study has been a novel attempt to relate current research themes to emerging areas under BRI. This study is one of its kind which focuses on reshaping the views of practitioners, researchers, and policymakers on the multifaceted areas and themes in the BRI research field, to examine the risks and a roadmap for future research.
Prioritising practical skills for farm animal veterinary graduates using a Delphi technique
Authors: Wood Sarah , Sellers Ellie , Vallis Rebecca , Baillie Sarah 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundAs farm animal clinical practice continues to evolve, it is timely to gather expert opinion on and form an evidence base for the practical skill requirements for new graduates entering farm animal practice to ensure that undergraduate training maps to the needs of the profession.MethodsExisting lists of practical skills for cattle and sheep were reviewed. Practitioners were recruited from UK farm and mixed veterinary practices to take part in a Delphi process to gain consensus on the most (and least) important skills for day 1 in practice.ResultsThe results indicate that students need skills that build trust and credibility with clients, in particular, animal handling, examining and treating sick animals and coping in an emergency until support arrives. Practitioners also acknowledged that new graduates would receive further training once in employment.LimitationsThis study was limited to practical skills, although it was clear from the qualitative data that professional attributes are of key importance to employers and necessary for the success of graduates starting in practice.ConclusionThe findings of this project will enable veterinary educators and practitioners within educational partnerships to review and update current curricula and prioritise teaching of appropriate learning objectives for farm practical skills.
Analysis of Key Points of Steel Structure Construction Technology in Film Engineering Projects
Authors: Alashoub Turki Sulaiman M. , Liang Chunyu 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAccording to the soil conditions of high-rise buildings and foundation pits of steel structure projects, the technical analysis of steel structure projects is carried out. Because the project is located at an earthquake-resistant fortification intensity of 8 degrees, and the design basic seismic acceleration value is 0.30 g, the high-rise building adopts steel structure structure to ensure the performance of seismic performance, safety level, bearing capacity and other aspects. This paper introduces the steel structure construction technology in detail from the five links of steel structure deepening, construction sequence, component manufacturing process, fire prevention and anti-corrosion, and component hoisting, and analyzes the construction process and the key points of quality control in construction. Practice shows that the application effect of this technology is good and the economy is reasonable.