bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Balancing selection and candidate loci for survival and growth during larval development in the Mediterranean mussel, Mytilus galloprovincialis
Authors: Hua Zhihan , Churches Nathan , Nuzhdin Sergey V 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Many marine bivalves have complex life histories with distinct developmental processes and genetic mechanisms. Larval development for most bivalves is often a prolonged and crucial physiological stage, where they suffer mass mortality due to early-acting genetic load. In this study, we describe genetic changes taking place within a single generation of families of the Mediterranean mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis over 23 days of larval development. Using replicated cultures and a pooled sequencing approach, we demonstrate that temporal balancing selection at the majority of loci preserve genetic variation in the early developmental stages of M. galloprovincialis. Balancing selection may be the mechanism which maintains standing genetic variation within the mussel genome and may improve the chances of survival and shield larvae from high levels of genetic load. Additionally, we used changes in allele frequencies to identify potential size-associated SNPs and viability-associated SNPs and found that patterns of genetic changes in directionally selected SNPs cannot be simply explained by traditional theories of genetic purging or directional selection without consideration of balancing selection. Finally, we observed a negative correlation between larval growth rates and survival, implying a potential trade-off relationship between the 2 commercially relevant phenotypes.
Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment, and Control of Hypertension Among Older Adults in the Philippines
Authors: Abalos Jeofrey B , Saito Yasuhiko , Ramos Miguel A , Cruz Grace T 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background
Little is known about the current prevalence and management of hypertension among older Filipinos. To address this gap, we examined the prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension, as well as their correlates, among older Filipinos.

Methods
We analyzed a nationally representative survey of Filipinos aged 60 years and older (N = 5 985) in the Philippines. Blood pressure (BP) measurements were taken using a digital BP apparatus. People with hypertension included those with a systolic BP ≥ 140 mmHg or a diastolic BP ≥ 90 mmHg, or those who reported current use of antihypertensive medication. People with undiagnosed hypertension were those who had measured hypertension but had not been diagnosed by a doctor as having hypertension, while people with untreated hypertension were those who had measured hypertension but not taking medication. Among those who were taking antihypertensive medication, respondents with measured hypertension were considered to have uncontrolled BP.

Results
Results showed that 69.1% of older Filipinos had hypertension, but only 61.6% of people with hypertension were aware of their hypertension and 51.5% were untreated. Sociodemographic factors, such as age, sex, education, and living arrangements, were significantly associated with hypertension prevalence, hypertension awareness, lack of treatment for hypertension, and/or suboptimal BP control.

Conclusion
We observed a high prevalence of hypertension among older Filipinos and a relatively low level of awareness and treatment of hypertension among them. While there are government efforts to address the growing prevalence of hypertension in the country, more efforts should be made to bring these government programs to older Filipinos.
Some Geometric Inequalities by the ABP Method
Authors: Pham Doanh 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we apply the so-called Alexandrov–Bakelman–Pucci (ABP) method to establish some geometric inequalities. We first prove a logarithmic Sobolev inequality for closed $n$-dimensional minimal submanifolds $\Sigma $ of $\mathbb S^{n+m}$. As a consequence, it recovers the classical result that $|\mathbb S^{n}| \leq |\Sigma |$ for $m = 1,2$. Next, we prove a Sobolev-type inequality for positive symmetric two-tensors on smooth domains in $\mathbb R^{n}$, which was established by D. Serre when the domain is convex. In the last application of the ABP method, we formulate and prove an inequality related to quermassintegrals of closed hypersurfaces of the Euclidean space.
‘Being a professional is not the same as acting professionally’—How digital technologies have empowered the creation and enactment of a new professional identity in law
Authors: Kronblad Charlotta , Jensen Søren Henning 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis paper shows that digital technologies have empowered new work practices and identity work in the setting of the legal profession in five different countries. Using qualitative data from 33 interviews with legal tech lawyers, supported by workplace and conference observations and photographs, we analyse how legal tech lawyers use social and material attributes to craft and enact a new identity. This identity is distinctly different from the established professional identity of lawyers, showing that legal tech lawyers see, and express, themselves as legal professionals in a broader sense, rather than identifying with traditional law. This paper explains how technology has functioned as an enabler for them to craft this new identity, much influenced by how, where, and when their work is done. The paper supports and extends a sociomaterial approach to understanding the implications of digital transformation and shows the potential of looking into the development of professional identities in this transformation.
(020) Post-SSRI/SNRI Sexual Dysfunction: A review
Authors: Pukall C 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Post-SSRI-SNRI Sexual Dysfunction (PSSD) is conceptualized as distressing issues with sexual function/pleasure that emerge with SSRI/SNRI initiation and persist after SSRI/SNRI termination and depression remission, and that are not due to other contributors. Although there is increasing recognition of PSSD in clinical practice and research, it is not well understood, researched, or managed.

Objectives
To provide an overview of SSRIs/SNRIs and their side effects (sexual and otherwise), to present and evaluate the working definition of PSSD, to describe current etiological theories and management strategies of PSSD, and to highlight future directions.

Methods
A review of the literature was undertaken in order to understand the current conceptualization of PSSD. Particular attention was paid to sexual and nonsexual side effects of PSSD as well as etiological theories and management strategies.

Results
SSRIs and SNRIs often lead to sexual side effects, which may affect treatment adherence and compliance. A small subset of individuals may develop PSSD, in which distressing sexual dysfunction persists after termination of the SSRI/SNRI and can last months to years. Nonsexual side effects (e.g., cognitive, emotional) have also been reported, and the desire for informed consent as well as collaborative health care has been reported by those affected. PSSD has been recognized as a medical condition by the European Medicines Association since 2019.

Conclusions
PSSD is increasingly recognized as a potential side effect of SSRI/SNRI use, and concerted collaboration and effort is needed in order to comprehensively understand this condition and its management.

Disclosure
No.
(036) Chasing the Two-Headed Dragon: Using BDSM to Manage Pelvic Pain from Endometriosis
Authors: Brown K , Iverson L 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Endometriosis is a chronic gynecological condition that indiscriminately effects approximately 176 million women across the world. Three major symptoms – dysmenorrhea (painful menses), dyspareunia (painful intercourse), and infertility – are the most commonly seen both at diagnosis and throughout management of the condition.

Objectives
Pain due to endometriosis impacts a woman on a daily basis and management of this pain is as varied as the woman diagnosed. Research has been done on the utilization of alternative treatments ranging from yoga to spinal cord stimulation.

Methods
This presentation will present a firsthand experience of a woman engaging in BDSM (Bondage and discipline, Dominance and submission, Sadism, and Masochism) to manage her endometriosis pain. Using a clinical case report format, a history of the patient’s diagnosis, interventions, and treatment will be presented as well as how the patient came to utilize BDSM in response to debilitating endometriosis pain. The patient’s decision-making process as well as descriptions of actual engagement in BDSM and how it connects to management of the pain for the patient will be presented.

Results
A common myth about BDSM is that it is about the desire to experience or inflict pain. In this case, it is the actual control and power over the pain as well as the displacement of pain that mitigates the experience of endometriosis pain for this patient.

Conclusions
Considered an “invisible illness,” many women with endometriosis express their feelings of loss in their quality of life across multiple facets including their primary intimate relationship. By expanding a clinician’s repertoire with additional methods of pain management for women with endometriosis and other pelvic pain experiences broadens the opportunity for improved quality of life for the patient and the couple.

Disclosure
No.
(048) Management of Sexual Dysfunction: Can Color Scheme in Areas of Intimacy be a Possible Management Intervention?
Authors: Chaudhry Z , Bachmann G 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Introduction
There are several psychological factors that can affect sexual dysfunction, such as stress, anxiety, or depression. Evaluating color schemes in areas of intimacy may be one of the potential ways to address the psychological issues contributing to the sexual dysfunction. That is, suggesting to those with sexual dysfunction an evaluation of the color scheme in their usual area of intimacy should be considered. Further, understanding the effect of color on sexual dysfunction may be important when couples decorate their bedrooms as it can allow couples to understand which colors to avoid and which colors to incorporate in this process.

Objectives
To review the role of color in psychological wellness.

Methods
A systematic literature review was conducted on Google Scholar to examine data on the role of color and psychological health.

Results
There were scant data that explored the role of color in the scientific literature. Further, although none of the research specifically linked color to sexual performance, there were scant data suggesting color may have an indirect impact through improving psychological wellness. Data from two specific studies, one done in Japan and the other in Switzerland did report that both suicide and aggressive behavior were impacted by color. In Tokyo, Japan, in response to the escalating suicide rates, an initiative was undertaken to situate blue LED lamps in about 71 Tokyo train stations. The installation of blue lights was nothing new in Japan and, in fact, blue lights had been installed in the streets in order to reduce crime rates. With the installation of these blue lights there was reported an 84% decrease in suicides. A Swiss study, conducted in a prison, sought to evaluate which colors decreased aggression amongst inmates, specifically male inmates. In order to do so, certain Swiss prisons were painted in a pink color in order to target inmates’ “masculinity.” There was a specific shade of pink from this study which was deemed to be the most effective and it was named ‘Cool Down Pink.’ The methods used to quantify inmate aggression were blood pressure and physical observations. By using the color pink, these Swiss prisons were able to decrease aggression amongst their inmates.

Conclusions
Based on limited research, it appears that color may have a psychological impact on an individual. Although no studies have addressed color and sexual wellness, if psychological wellness is improved, it follows that sexual dysfunction may also improve. The color blue from the Tokyo study infers that this color may reduce depression or even stress and allow for a calm feeling in the mind. When taking sexual dysfunction into account, it follows that if couples incorporate more blue into their areas of intimacy, that sexual function may improve though decreasing anxiety, stress, or depression. Color in areas of intimacy is an area that should be furthered explored, as bedroom color may positively impact sexual function.

Disclosure
(049) Why isn’t Women’s Sexual Health Part of the Conversation? The Case of Vulvodynia
Authors: Bajzak K , Gustafson D , Logan G , Badaiki W , Graham W , Duggan N 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Vulvodynia is a complex pelvic pain condition that affects up to one in four women at some time in their lives. Patients report that primary care providers lack knowledge essential to diagnosis and management of this condition.

Objectives
The aim of this three-phase study was to identify ways of addressing the barriers to diagnosis and management of vulvodynia for women living in rural, northern and remote communities in XX. This paper reports on the second phase and asked: 1) How do family physicians and nurse practitioners describe their awareness and experience with diagnosing and managing vulvodynia? and 2) How would they like to receive information that addresses this knowledge gap?

Methods
Phase two of this qualitative case study collected data using an intake survey and individual and group interviews with a purposive sample of family physicians and nurse practitioners practicing in Newfoundland and Labrador. Surveys were completed prior to interviews and gathered data about demographics and vulvodynia awareness. Interviews were conducted in person or via teleconference between October 2018 and April 2019 and using standardized open-ended prompts. Audio-taped interviews were transcribed, de-identified and coded thematically. Two researchers independently analyzed all data.

Results
Two major themes emerged: a) lack of awareness about the condition and b) four barriers to having a sexual health conversation (the dynamics of discomfort, making the time, generational differences between patient and provider, and the gendering of practitioner responsibilities). Primary care providers also identified their preferred methods for addressing gaps in their knowledge.

Conclusions
Diagnosis and management of vulvodynia requires skilled communication and specific knowledge of this pelvic pain condition. Providing primary care providers with a simple toolkit has the potential to address reported lack of awareness about vulvodynia and the identified barriers to initiating a sexual health conversation.

Disclosure
No.
(059) Estetrol(E4) is a Unique Estrogen With Selective Actions in Tissues Which Are Distinctly Different From the Actions of SERMs
Authors: Foidart J , Arnal J , Lenfant F , Taziaux M , Houtman R , Jost M 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Estetrol (E4) acts as a typical estrogen (E) agonist in stimulating the endometrium, and when administered to postmenopausal women in various doses, reverses vaginal atrophy and decreases vasomotor symptoms. However, in contrast to other Es administered orally, E4 demonstrates a minimal hepatic effect and does not stimulate breast proliferation. Data in pre and postmenopausal women show minimal stimulatory effects on triglycerides, sex hormone binding globulin, corticosteroid-binding globulin, and angiotensinogen. Similarly, E4 exerts minimal effects on coagulation markers, and when combined with drospirenone as a combined oral contraceptive does not increase the generation of thrombin as measured by the activated protein C resistance ratio, unlike the use of ethinyl estradiol.

Objectives
Because of the tissue selectivity of E4, this study sought to better delineate the molecular mode of action of E4.

Methods
Selective E Receptor Modulators (SERMs) exhibit specific cell and tissue estrogenic, neutral or anti-estrogenic activities. SERMs interact with the ligand binding domain of the E Receptor alpha (ERα) in a way that is distinct from that of E. By preventing the kinking of helix 12 in ERα, SERMs recruit other co-receptor activators and inhibitors that are responsible for SERM action. We compared in replicates the binding pattern and affinities of 154 motifs of ERα co- regulator activators and repressors to complexes of ERα with Estradiol (E2), Estriol (E3) or E4 in a specific Pam Gene assay (Broekema et al. Endocrinology. 2018; 159:2397).

Results
The pattern of co-receptor binding in the presence of E4 was identical to that elicited by E2 and E3, but with a 50-fold lower potency. This pattern is strikingly distinct from that observed with 4-hydroxytamoxifen or raloxifen. These data together with previously published studies of the crystalline structures of ERα with E2, E3 or E4 complexes confirm that E4 interacts with nuclear ERα in a manner identical to that of the other Es (Abot et al. EMBO Mol Med. 2014; 6:1328). Previous studies have shown that E4 inhibits the activity of the membrane ERα, and blocks the stimulatory action of E2 in this membrane ERα subpopulation.

Conclusions
In conclusion, E4 is a unique E with specific actions in tissues, demonstrating absence of specific membrane receptor effects, and no interaction with ERα in the way characteristic of SERMs. The unique profile of E4 activity with lower hepatic effects (minimal or no effects on triglycerides and coagulation) may ultimately translate into safer clinical use.

Disclosure
Yes - Mithra Pharmaceuticals, Women's Health.
Industry initiated, executed and funded study – Yes.
(064) Trigger Point Release of Post Partum Pudendal Compression Relieves Persistent Genital Arousal: Case Report
Authors: Wood T 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Introduction
There is very little literature available on Persistent Genital Arousal Disorder (PGAD). Recent consensus definitions have emerged from the ISSWSH working group on PGAD to expel the myth that PGAD is merely in the minds of those who suffer from it. Dr. Goldstein, et al have published research and criteria for diagnosis, and management of this condition which can be a very distressing one. Novel Non-Invasive treatment modalities are needed for the management of PGAD to prevent distress, and/or unnecessary surgery, in these patients.

Objectives
To determine if local trigger point treatment of the area surrounding the Pudendal Nerve as it passes the piriformis muscle, will cause relief of Persistent Genital Arousal Disorder (PGAD) in a patient suffering for the 8 months since childbirth.

Methods
I present a case of a new mother who suffered from severe PGAD emerging following a precipitous and somewhat traumatic childbirth. The persistent arousal was distracting, upsetting, intolerable, and only somewhat (10-20%) temporarily mitigated by very regular self-stimulation, and also with regular pelvic floor physio, in a busy new mom, who had had no such concerns before-hand. She presented to me at 8 months post-partum, with an 8 month history of PGAD. Based on history of presenting illness, the source of problem was determined to be most likely in pelvis, and potentially caused by entrapment/compression of the Pudendal Nerve. Informed Consent was obtained to attempt trigger point release of the tissues surrounding the Pudendal Nerve posteriorly, as it enters the pelvis. Using a posterior approach, using a 27g 1.5cm bevelled needle, to an area cleaned by alcohol swab, micro-dissection release was performed of area surrounding tissue the Pudendal N as it passes the piriformis muscle. Patient reported immediate and sustained relief of symptoms.

Results
Trigger point needling to the tissue superior to, surrounding, and including the piriformis muscle via the posterior approach caused immediate and sustained relief of the patient’s symptoms. Repeat needle treatment to this area, alternating with physiotherapy for guided relaxation and release of surrounding tissues, resolved patient’s PGAD symptoms by &gt;95% during treatment and &gt;85% 1 year after treatment cessation.

Conclusions
Trigger Point needle treatment of tissues of the muscles and piriformis muscles relieved PGAD symptoms initially caused by Pudendal Nerve entrapment/compression second to precipitous childbirth. This non-invasive approach for immediate and sustained relief of Persistent Genital Arousal Disorder should be widely taught to practitioners of Sexual Medicine, and considered in patients with neurological causes for their distressing symptoms, arising from the pelvic area.

Disclosure
No.
Neuro-Oncology Compendium for the Boards and Clinical Practice
Authors: Mrugala Maciej M. , Gatson Na Tosha , Clarke Jennifer L. , Kurz Sylvia C. , Nevel Kathryn S. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This compendium was created to cover the most important subjects in the field of Neuro-Oncology, so that readers will be able to find high-yield information presented in a concise yet comprehensive format. Each chapter highlights information of critical importance by using specifically designed text boxes. In addition, to facilitate consolidation of newly learned information, each chapter ends with flash cards and multiple-choice questions with an answer key. The volume also features two full length practice tests (100 questions each) to allow for simulated mini exams. This book has seven parts that cover subjects needed to master clinical neuro-oncology. Part I is dedicated to neuropathology and touches upon the newly published fifth edition of the World Health Organization Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System (CNS)—WHO CNS5. Part II is dedicated specifically to problems affecting adult population while Part III discusses pediatric brain tumors. Parts IV and V include chapters dedicated to the principles of multidisciplinary management of neuro-oncologic disorders including neurosurgical approaches, radiotherapy and medical, and device-based therapies. Chapters on neurological complications from systemic and neurological cancers and neuro-oncological emergencies are covered as well. Part VI is focused on genetically driven neuro-oncological disorders. Part VII covers methodology of clinical trials, clinic and hospital procedures in neuro-oncology as well as issues relevant to elderly populations. Importantly, this section of the book also includes chapters on palliative care and issues specific to neuro-oncologic problems affecting women. Over seventy authors from institutions on three continents contributed to this work.
Introduction to the handbook
Authors: Eastman Nigel , Adshead Gwen , Fox Simone , Latham Richard , Whyte Seán , Williams Hannah Kate 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This chapter provides an overview and rationale of the book. It contains the philosophy of the handbook, setting out how it is organised, the relationship between psychiatry and law, and the definitions and tensions of forensic psychiatry and legal psychiatry. It goes on to outline forensic service and teams, the development of the role of the modern forensic psychiatrist, and the history and future of forensic psychiatry.
Risk assessment
Authors: Eastman Nigel , Adshead Gwen , Fox Simone , Latham Richard , Whyte Seán , Williams Hannah Kate 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This chapter begins with the difference between risk in a psychological setting as opposed to, for instance, a surgical setting. It outlines the techniques and values of risk assessment, and then approaches to the subject. Risk of violence and associated assessments are explained, as is the risk of sexual offending and associated instruments. The risk of suicide and self-harm, including areas for extra concern, are detailed. Other specific risks such as arson are included, and finally assessment in non-clinical settings is covered.