bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Europe, passer à l’Union pour répondre aux citoyens
Authors: Letta Enrico 
Published: September 2023

Pour faire face aux défis internes et externes d’une période nouvelle, l’Union européenne doit réformer ses institutions : revoir le droit de véto des États, renforcer la Commission, agir en matière de politique étrangère et de sécurité, d’énergie, dans les domaines du marché unique et de l’économie, de la politique sociale, de santé et d’immigration, tout en pensant son élargissement. À ce seul prix, l’Union préservera les valeurs de liberté et de démocratie qui fondent son intégration.
L’économisme en relations internationales : une insoutenable légèreté
Authors: Allard Patrick 
Published: September 2023

L’illusion selon laquelle le développement des interdépendances économiques et commerciales rendrait la guerre impossible parce que trop coûteuse, ou que l’action économique pourrait durablement terrasser un adversaire, s’est avérée historiquement très durable. Née au xix	e siècle, elle a rythmé le xx	e à travers ses guerres totales. Elle perdure aujourd’hui dans la multiplication des politiques de sanctions et, au cœur même de la rivalité sino-américaine, sur le terrain économique.
La Copa Mundial de la FIFA en los BRICS: retratos de los medios internacionales de Sudáfrica, Brasil y Rusia
Authors: Gutierrez Diego , Gutierrez Gustavo Luis 
Published: September 2023

Résumé : L'article explique comment les médias internationaux ont dépeint le pays hôte lors de trois Coupes du Monde de la FIFA, Afrique du Sud 2010, Brésil 2014 et Russie 2018. La recherche a analysé 5085 articles produits par sept médias de quatre pays au cours des événements en utilisant une analyse de Frames. Il vise à comprendre comment les médias ont dépeint ces pays, les similitudes dans la couverture et la transformation au cours de la période. Les trois pays présentent une étude de cas intéressante car ils sont considérés comme des pays en développement qui ont accueilli la Coupe du Monde de la FIFA avec un objectif similaire, améliorer leur image internationale. La couverture de l'Afrique du Sud et du Brésil est dominée par les questions sociales comme l'inégalité, la violence et la pauvreté tandis que la Russie se concentre sur les questions politiques.
Subperiosteal dental implants: Past or future? A critical review on clinical trials/case reports and future directions
Authors: Dantas Telma A , Vaz Paula , Samuel Filipe Silva 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
Subperiosteal implants were first introduced in 1942 in Sweden and were subsequently used worldwide for the treatment of mandibular and maxillary arches with advanced bone atrophy. However, due to the high complication rates and unsuccessful outcomes, this therapy fell in disuse. Advances in digital technology have led to a new interest in subperiosteal implants therapy and investigators are looking for innovative and effective techniques for dental rehabilitation. In this review, a critical analysis on the performance and characteristics of subperiosteal implants was carried out. Parameters such as materials and surface coatings, the design and manufacturing techniques, methods of implantation, complementary strategies and the main clinical outcomes were carefully assessed. Furthermore, a comparison with current dental implants and a proposal for an optimized solution are presented.
Maxillary anterior implants-challenge of esthetic outcome
Authors: Vijayashanthi Sheela , Boyapati Laxman , Chilakalapudi Hemachandra Babu , Naaz Asma 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
Dental implant success today is judged not only by osseointegration but also by esthetic results and the most challenging task in implant dentistry is to achieve the esthetic demands of patients. Immediate single-root implant has become an increasingly common and successful treatment. Surgical and restorative techniques that can reduce the loss of soft and hard tissues that often accompany implant placement are desirable. This case report presents a case of anterior fracture tooth indicated for extraction and replaced with immediately provisionalized implants to achieve soft-tissue esthetics during implant placement. The esthetic outcome in this case was evaluated objectively using Pink Esthetic Score (PES) and White Esthetic Score (WES) which showed an acceptable soft tissue and prosthetic result, respectively.
The Prevalence and Risk Factors of Elder Abuse during the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Fayoum Governorate, Egypt
Authors: Mwaheb Marwa Ali , Elsary Asmaa Younis , Saleh Amal Raouf 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
Elder abuse has evolved into a global public health and human rights issue. COVID-19 had a significant impact on Egypt’s economic development and style of life.

Aim
This research aimed to estimate the prevalence of elder abuse in the Fayoum Governorate of Egypt during the COVID-19 pandemic and assess the prevalence of different elder abuse subtypes and study the effect of different demographic characteristics on these abuse subtypes.

Methods
This study was a cross-sectional, descriptive survey among 201 older adults aged 60 and above in the Fayoum Governorate. The structured questionnaire used in the study had three sections demographic characteristics, the Hwalek–Sengstock elder abuse screening test, and the Questions to Elicit Elder Abuse screening tool.

Results
This research documented that the prevalence of elder abuse was (72.6%) and the most prevalent types were emotional and neglect abuse (71.1% and 64.7%, respectively). In our study, 22.9% of older adults were exposed to a single type of abuse, 29.9% to two types, 26.9% to three types, and 10.4% to four types. Female is significantly higher than male abuse exposure (66.7% vs. 33.3%). 52.4% versus 7.1% were more likely to be abused than elderly persons who earn enough income.

Conclusion
According to this study, emotional and neglect abuse were the most common types of elder abuse. Risk factors for elder abuse included being between the ages of 60 and 70 years, being a woman, residing in a rural location, being illiterate, jobless, married, earning little money, and belonging to a middle-class socioeconomic group. For the general public to better comprehend the consequences of elder abuse on their health and human rights, awareness and education must be increased.
The İmportance of Hematological Parameters in the Prognosis of Patients with Severe COVID-19, A Single-center Retrospective Study
Authors: Gozukucuk R , Kılıc HH , Uyanik BS , Cakiroglu B 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Inflammation biomarkers known as acute phase reactants (APRs) show significant variations in serum concentrations during inflammation brought on by both viral and noninfectious diseases. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), the C-reactive protein (CRP), the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), the ferritin, the fibrinogen, the procalcitonin, the D-dimer, and the troponin I are all significant APRs. During inflammation, the serum levels of each of these positive APRs rise. The sensitivity and specificity of hematologic parameters and indices are as high as the inflammatory biomarkers mentioned above for monitoring disease severity and treatment response.

Aim:
We aimed to evaluate the differences in hematological parameters and indices, and to reveal their treatment and prognostic values, especially in deceased patients with COVID-19.

Materials and Methods:
The hemogram parameters of 169 critical patients with COVID-19 (125 males and 44 females) who received inpatient treatment at …. between 1 March 2020 and 31 December 2021 were analyzed retrospectively. The patients were divided into two groups—deceased (77) and surviving (92)—noting demographic data such as age and gender. All analyses were performed using SPSS 25.0.

Results:
Analyses of the hematological parameters used during the treatment processes revealed statistically significant differences between the two patient groups. White blood cell (WBC), neutrophil, and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) values were significantly higher (P = 0.019, P = 0.000 and P = 0.000, respectively) for deceased subjects, while lymphocyte, platelet and plateletcrit (PCT) values were significantly lower (for all values, P = 0.000). Platelet volume (MPV) and platelet distribution width (PDW), as well as MPV/PLT, PDW/PLT, MPV/PCT, and PDW/PCT, levels were significantly higher in deceased subjects (P = 0.000). Particularly in our deceased cases, receiver operating characteristic analyses were performed to reveal the importance of such analyses in prognostic status evaluation in COVID-19 since the hematological parameters are quite different. Cut-off values were determined for each parameter, and sensitivity and specificity ratios were calculated. While the sensitivities of MPV/PLT, PDW/PLT, MPV/PCT, and PDW/PCT indices are over 80%, neutrophil and white blood cell sensitivities were found to be lower (74%, 68.8%, respectively).

Conclusion:
In addition to NLR, which is an important biomarker, the hematological indices MPV/PLT, PDW/PLT, MPV/PCT, and PDW/PCT can be used to determine the risk of death in patients with severe COVID-19.
Quantification and Comparison of Salivary Neutrophils in Periodontal Health and Disease
Authors: Chakravarthy YSHS Reddy , Koppolu P , Alotaibi DH , Alsinaidi AA , Mukhtar AH , Kakti AA , Abdelrahim RK , Lingam AS 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Neutrophils continuously migrate into the oral cavity from various sources like gingival crevicular fluid and saliva both in health and in inflammation. The migration of the neutrophils into the various tissues and into the oral cavity occurs when the host microbial interplay tips the balance favoring the initiation of the inflammatory and immune reactions which depending on the amount of the microbial load results in the development of acute and chronic infections in the susceptible host.

Aim:
The present study was designed to quantify and compare the oral salivary neutrophil levels in patients with gingivitis and chronic and aggressive periodontitis as well as in healthy controls, before and after scaling and root planing (SRP) and to compare the difference within the selected study groups.

Materials and Methods:
Forty subjects were classified into four groups, that is, healthy controls, gingivitis, and chronic and aggressive periodontitis. Oral rinse samples were collected using Hank’s balanced salt solution from each patient before and after phase I periodontal therapy. Cells in the rinse samples were stained with Acridine orange, and neutrophil counts were carried out using a fluorescence microscope and a hemocytometer.

Results:
Baseline oral salivary neutrophil levels were maximum in the chronic periodontitis group followed by the aggressive group and then the gingivitis group. Oral salivary neutrophil levels also positively correlated to probing pocket depth, plaque index, calculus index, and gingival index in all four study groups. Maximum reduction in the oral salivary neutrophil levels after phase I periodontal therapy was seen in the gingivitis group.

Conclusion:
From our study, we conclude that the oral salivary neutrophil levels decreased significantly after SRP. Estimation of changes in the oral salivary neutrophil levels has the potential to aid in monitoring treatment outcomes. Thus, it suggests that it could be used as a simple, noninvasive laboratory technique to monitor the periodontal status and disease progression.
Clinical and Histological Comparison of Healing by Steel Scalpel, Diode Laser, and Radiofrequency in Palatal Wound: An Animal Study
Authors: Elemek E , Gelmez YM , Hekimoğlu ER , Eşrefoğlu M 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Wound healing following periodontal soft tissue procedures can differ owing to different techniques, the feasibility of which can be determined through detailed macroscopic and microscopic observations.

Aims:
This study aimed to clinically and histologically evaluate palatal wound healing in rats by secondary intention after excision using a steel scalpel, diode laser, and radiofrequency.

Materials and Methods:
An excision was made in the edentulous anterior maxilla of 42 4-month-old male Wistar rats weighing 289–428 g. Part of the connective tissue was left in the surgical area to observe the dynamics of secondary intention wound healing. Three experimental groups were established: the steel scalpel, an 810-nm diode laser at a power output of 1.5 W in continuous mode, and a monopolar radiofrequency in a fully rectified waveform at 15 W. Clinical and histological analyses were performed on days 2, 4, and 7. Hemostasis, changes in body weight, defect size, epithelial gap, and inflammatory infiltration were evaluated.

Results:
The epithelial gap closed completely in all groups on day 7. Bleeding occurred significantly more in the scalpel group (P < 0.001). No significant changes were observed in body weight between the groups. Macroscopically, the mean wound area decreased over time in all groups. Wound healing was significantly slower in the laser group on day 2 and in the radiofrequency group on days 4 and 7 (P < 0.001). Microscopically, the laser created the cleanest wound area, with minimal inflammatory infiltration and no thermal injury. More damage occurred in the connective tissue of the radiofrequency group. Wound healing was observed on day 7 in all groups.

Conclusions:
Palatal wound healing with secondary intention yielded different outcomes in a rat model when different techniques were used. However, almost complete healing was observed in all wounds, which highlights the importance of the soft tissue left in the surgical area. Wound healing in periodontal soft tissue procedures is not compromised by different techniques, as long as the clinician has sufficient knowledge and experience.
Bilateral Giant Juvenile Fibroadenoma of the Breast Developing Metachronously in a 10-Year-Old Girl
Authors: Duduyemi Babatunde Moses , Sandy Emmanuel , Onyishi Nnaemeka T. , Sesay Alie Amin , Smalle Isaac Olufemi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Giant juvenile fibroadenoma (GJF) is very rare and represents about 0.5% of all fibroadenomas. We describe a case of a 10-year-old premenarche girl that presented with huge bilateral GJFs. The right breast mass appeared first and was managed accordingly. The left mass developed rapidly within three months necessitating a second subtotal mastectomy.
Health-seeking Behavioural Practices of the Elderly in Rural Community of Ekiti State, Southwestern Nigeria
Authors: Adewoye Kayode Rasaq , Aremu Shuaib Kayode , Ekpo David Sylvanus , Sanni Taofeek Adedayo , Ipinnimo Tope Michael , Ibrahim Azeez Oyemomi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background:
The aging process increases the risks of contracting a disease among elderly people. Health-seeking behaviour is poor among the aged in sub-Saharan countries like Nigeria, escalating the burden of noncommunicable diseases and the cost of health care which further impact the utilisation of orthodox medicine.

Aim:
This study aims to assess the health-care-seeking behavioural practices and associated factors among elderly people in Ido-Ekiti.

Materials and Methods:
A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 420 elderly respondents in Ido-Ekiti. An interviewer-administered semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect information. The data collected were analyzed using SPSS version 25 and results were presented in the form of tables and bar charts. Chi-square tests were used to test for associations. All data analysis was done at a 5% level of significance.

Results:
The age range of respondents was between 65 and 95 years, with a mean age of 73.88 ± 6.84 years and 64.0% within the age range of 65–75 years. About 63.3% of the respondents have had an episode of illness in the last year preceding the study and only 35.3% consulted a doctor for treatment (good health-seeking behaviour); however, 57.9% of the respondents admitted utilising any of the following: self-medication, consult spiritualist, and use of herbal medicine (poor health-seeking behaviour). The factors statistically significantly associated with respondents’ health-seeking behavioural practices are employment status (P < 0.001), educational level (P < 0.002), cost of health care, access to the health facility, length of time before consultation, beliefs, and lack of support from relations (P < 001).

Conclusion:
This study shows that the majority of the elderly had poor health-seeking behaviour due to educational and economic factors. Making the free or subsidized cost of health care for the elderly in rural communities and the provision of monthly financial support to the aged by the government will promote and encourage good health-seeking behaviour of old people.
Personality Traits as Key Determinants of COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake among Healthcare Workers in Nigeria
Authors: Mahmood Mohammed Yusuf , Ashiru Abdurrahman , Shettima Falmata Baba , Abdullahi Abdulkareem Abashe , Ngulde Abdulhakeem Mamman , Abbas Zaharadeen Umar , Jibrin Inuwa Murtala , Musami Umar Baba , Wakawa Ibrahim Abdu 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background:
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has posed a significant global challenge, necessitating the development and administration of vaccines to halt its spread. Nevertheless, there is limited information on the predictors, patterns, and personality variables influencing COVID-19 vaccine uptake among Nigerian health-care workers (HCWs).

Aim:
The study set to assess level of factors including personality factors that influence acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccines among.HCWs in Nigeria.

Materials and Methods:
From August 9 to October 11, 2021, a web-based, cross-sectional survey was conducted on 300 HCWs in Nigeria, aged 19 and above, with social media access and English language proficiency. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square, and binary logistic regression were used to analyse the data on the SPSS version 20.

Results:
The findings revealed that while 64% of those who participated in the study received the first dosage of the COVID-19 vaccine, only 48.3% returned for the second dose. The impression of heightened susceptibility to contracting COVID-19 was the primary reason for vaccination uptake. Although education level was associated with vaccination uptake, it did not predict it independently. The age distribution, agreeableness, conscientiousness, and high vulnerability as a rationale for receiving a vaccine were all the independent predictors of vaccine uptake.

Conclusion:
This study reveals that despite their role as vaccination advocates, HCWs can exhibit hesitancy toward novel vaccines. To increase vaccine uptake among HCWs and the general population, it is crucial to recognise the factors that influence vaccine acceptance among them, including individual personality variables, and incorporate this understanding into vaccination promotion programs.
Ocular Morbidity in Children with Allergic Conjunctivitis: A Rural-urban Survey
Authors: Abiola Valerie Nawem Ihinose , Ugalahi Mary Ogbenyi , Cadmus Eniola Olubukola , Baiyeroju Aderonke Mojisola 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background:
Allergic conjunctivitis occasionally may result in some ocular morbidities. This ranges from innocuous to severe forms of ocular disorders.

Aim:
This study reports and compares ocular morbidities among children with ocular allergies living in an urban and rural community.

Materials and Methods:
A comparative cross-sectional study conducted in urban and rural schools among children aged 5–15 years using a multistage sampling method. Sociodemographic data, past ocular history, history of ocular allergies, and treatment were collected with an interviewer-based questionnaire and were analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 25. Descriptive analyses of sociodemographic variables and associated ocular morbidity were carried out. The Chi-square test was used to test associations between rural and urban groups. A P = 0.05 or less was considered significant.

Results:
Associated ocular morbidities were seen in 8% (19/238) of the children with allergic conjunctivitis. There was no statistically significant difference in the proportion of ocular morbidities observed between both locations (8.1 vs. 7.9 in the rural and urban location, respectively, with a P = 1.000). Children with mild forms of allergic conjunctivitis were 197 (82.8%), and only 1.7% had severe forms. The moderate and severe form of allergic conjunctivitis were more prevalent in the rural area (P = 0.002) while untreated allergic conjunctivitis was found in 168 (70.6%) of those affected.

Conclusion:
This study demonstrated a higher proportion of moderate-to-severe forms of allergic conjunctivitis among school children in the rural region with the majority being untreated.
Usability of Surveillance Outbreak Response Management and Analysis System for Coronavirus Disease among Epidemiology Officers in Delta State Nigeria
Authors: Ozakpo Olise , Awunor Nyemike S. , Oyibo Patrick G. , Okumagba Mamodesan T. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Introduction:
Nigeria recently used electronic surveillance tools for epidemic diseases, one such tool is the Surveillance Outbreak Response Management and Analysis System (SORMAS); no readily available study has assessed the use of SORMAS in Nigeria. The title of this study is the usability of SORMAS for coronavirus disease among epidemiological officers in Delta State; it explored the ease of use, the effectiveness of SORMAS, its applicability, and the challenges with its use.

Materials and Methods:
This descriptive qualitative study involved disease surveillance and notification officers (DSNOs) and their assistants DSNOs in the year 2022; 25 of them were interviewed using two audio tape recorders after consent was obtained. Ethical clearance was obtained from the appropriate body. Thematic content analysis, with the help of Analysis of Qualitative Data software, was used to analyze data.

Results:
The findings showed that SORMAS was difficult to use for 100% of the respondents, particularly at the initial time, and subsequent use was relatively easy. About 100% of users found SORMAS to be effective for coronavirus disease 2019 surveillance and claimed it could be applied to other health diseases. About 100% of the respondents had challenges which included network problems, unavailability of adequate airtime, low technological know-how, software glitch, and hardware issues, among others.

Conclusion:
This study helped to outline the factors affecting SORMAS use, demonstrated that SORMAS was relatively easy to use after repeated training, was deemed effective by all respondents; applied to other health diseases, and its use was affected by several challenges.