bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lytic Escherichia phage OSYSP acts additively and synergistically with gaseous ozone against Escherichia coli O157:H7 on spinach leaves
Authors: Yesil Mustafa , Kasler David R. , Huang En , Yousef Ahmed E. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBacteriophage and gaseous ozone are evolving as meritorious alternatives to conventional sanitizers in food postharvest applications. Here, we investigated the efficacy of sequential treatments of a lytic bacteriophage and gaseous ozone, during vacuum cooling of fresh produce, against Escherichia coli O157:H7. Spinach leaves were spot-inoculated with 105–107 CFU g−1 E. coli O157:H7 B6-914 and treated with Escherichia phage OSYSP spray (109 PFU g−1), gaseous ozone, or their combination. Vacuum cooling, which preceded or followed phage application but ran concomitantly with ozone treatment, was performed in a custom-made vessel at the following process sequence: vacuum to 28.5 in. Hg, vessel pressurization to 10 psig with gas containing 1.5 g ozone/kg gas-mix, holding for 30 min, and vessel depressurization to ambient pressure. Bacteriophage or gaseous ozone inactivated E. coli O157:H7, applied at different initial populations on spinach leaves, by 1.7–2.0 or 1.8–3.5 log CFU g−1, respectively. At the high inoculum levels tested (7.1 log CFU g−1), sequential treatments of phage and ozone reduced E. coli O157:H7 population by 4.0 log CFU g−1, but when treatment order was reversed (i.e., ozone followed by bacteriophage), the combination synergistically decreased pathogen’s population on spinach leaves by 5.2 log CFU g−1. Regardless the antibacterial application order, E. coli O157:H7 populations, applied initially at ~ 105 CFU g−1, were reduced below the enumeration method’s detection level (i.e., < 101 CFU g−1). The study proved that bacteriophage–ozone combination, applied in conjunction with vacuum cooling, is a potent pathogen intervention strategy in fresh produce post-harvest applications.
Towards risk-targeted seismic hazard models for Europe
Authors: Monti Giorgio , Demartino Cristoforo , Gardoni Paolo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractStandards and Codes of Practice for designing new constructions and for assessing and strengthening existing ones are usually based on uniform hazard maps, where different Limit States (LSs) are associated with different hazard-exceedance probabilities. This approach yields non-homogeneous LS-exceedance probabilities across a territory, thus failing to achieve the goal of uniform risk throughout a territory. Such lack of uniformity stems from estimating the probability of failure using capacity and demand models. If the capacity of new constructions—or the capacity increase of strengthened existing constructions—are designed based on a prescribed hazard-exceedance probability, then the seismic risk depends on both the structure (depending on the design philosophy and corresponding design objectives), through the capacity model, and the location, through the hazard model. The aim of this study is threefold. First, it provides a seismic probability assessment formulation and a risk-targeted intensity measure based on a linear model in log–log coordinates of the hazard, under the assumption of log-normal capacity and demand. The proposed framework introduces a factor that multiplies the code hazard-based demand to account either for intentional (from design) over-capacity or for undesired (e.g., in existing constructions) under-capacity. Second, this paper shows an application to peak ground accelerations in Europe considering parameters taken from Standards and Codes of Practice. The developed framework is used to determine the risk-target levels of peak ground acceleration used for design in Europe, for both new and existing constructions. Third, the obtained target risk levels are used to determine a risk-based intensity modification factor and a risk-based mean return period modification factor, which can be readily implemented in current Standards to achieve risk-targeted design actions, with equal LS-exceedance probability across the territory. The framework is independent of the chosen hazard-based intensity measure, be it the commonly used peak ground acceleration or any other measure. The results highlight that in large areas of Europe the design peak ground acceleration should be increased to achieve the proposed seismic risk target and that this is particularly significant for existing constructions, given their larger uncertainties and typical low capacity with respect to the code hazard-based demand.
PBRM1 mutations might render a subtype of biliary tract cancers sensitive to drugs targeting the DNA damage repair system
Authors: Zimmer Kai , Kocher Florian , Untergasser Gerold , Kircher Brigitte , Amann Arno , Baca Yasmine , Xiu Joanne , Korn W. Micheal , Berger Martin D. , Lenz Heinz-Josef , Puccini Alberto , Fontana Elisa , Shields Anthony F. , Marshall John L. , Hall Michael , El-Deiry Wafik S. , Hsiehchen David , Macarulla Teresa , Tabernero Josep , Pichler Renate , Khushman Moh’d , Manne Upender , Lou Emil , Wolf Dominik , Sokolova Viktorija , Schnaiter Simon , Zeimet Alain G. , Gulhati Pat , Widmann Gerlig , Seeber Andreas 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPolybromo-1 (PBRM1) loss of function mutations are present in a fraction of biliary tract cancers (BTCs). PBRM1, a subunit of the PBAF chromatin-remodeling complex, is involved in DNA damage repair. Herein, we aimed to decipher the molecular landscape of PBRM1 mutated (mut) BTCs and to define potential translational aspects. Totally, 1848 BTC samples were analyzed using next-generation DNA-sequencing and immunohistochemistry (Caris Life Sciences, Phoenix, AZ). siRNA-mediated knockdown of PBRM1 was performed in the BTC cell line EGI1 to assess the therapeutic vulnerabilities of ATR and PARP inhibitors in vitro. PBRM1 mutations were identified in 8.1% (n = 150) of BTCs and were more prevalent in intrahepatic BTCs (9.9%) compared to gallbladder cancers (6.0%) or extrahepatic BTCs (4.5%). Higher rates of co-mutations in chromatin-remodeling genes (e.g., ARID1A 31% vs. 16%) and DNA damage repair genes (e.g., ATRX 4.4% vs. 0.3%) were detected in PBRM1-mutated (mut) vs. PBRM1-wildtype (wt) BTCs. No difference in real-world overall survival was observed between PBRM1-mut and PBRM1-wt patients (HR 1.043, 95% CI 0.821–1.325, p = 0.731). In vitro, experiments suggested that PARP ± ATR inhibitors induce synthetic lethality in the PBRM1 knockdown BTC model. Our findings served as the scientific rationale for PARP inhibition in a heavily pretreated PBRM1-mut BTC patient, which induced disease control. This study represents the largest and most extensive molecular profiling study of PBRM1-mut BTCs, which in vitro sensitizes to DNA damage repair inhibiting compounds. Our findings might serve as a rationale for future testing of PARP/ATR inhibitors in PBRM1-mut BTCs.
The anti-hyperlipidemic effect and underlying mechanisms of barley (Hordeum vulgareL.) grass polysaccharides in mice induced by a high-fat diet
Authors: Yan Jing-Kun , Chen Ting-Ting , Li Long-Qing , Liu Fengyuan , Liu Xiaozhen , Li Lin 
Published: July 2023

Polysaccharides obtained from barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) grass showed good anti-hyperlipidemia activityin vivoand can be developed as a promising nutritional supplement for dietary intervention in hyperlipidemia.
Does the i-process operate at nearly solar metallicity?
Authors: Karinkuzhi D. , Van Eck S. , Goriely S. , Siess L. , Jorissen A. , Choplin A. , Escorza A. , Shetye S. , Van Winckel H. 
Published: July 2023

Context. A sample of 895 s-process-rich candidates has been found among the 454 180 giant stars surveyed by LAMOST at low spectral resolution (R ~ 1800). In a previous study, taking advantage of the higher resolution (R ~ 86 000) offered by the HERMES-Mercator spectrograph, we performed a reanalysis of 15 of the brightest stars of this sample. Among these 15 programme stars, which have close-to-solar metallicities, 11 showed mild to strong heavy-element overabundances. However, we did not investigate the nucleosynthetic process(es) at the origin of these overabundances in our former study.
Aims. We derive the abundances in s- and r-process elements of the 15 targets in order to investigate whether some stars also show an i-process signature, as sometimes found in their lower-metallicity counterparts (namely, the carbon-enhanced metal-poor (CEMP)-rs stars).
Methods. Abundances are derived from the high-resolution HERMES spectra for Pr, Nd, Sm, and Eu using the TURBOSPECTRUM radiative-transfer local thermodynamic equilibrium code with MARCS model atmospheres.
Results. Using the new classification scheme proposed in our recent study, we find that two stars show overabundances in both sand r-process elements that are well above the level expected from Galactic chemical evolution (GCE), an analogous situation to that of CEMP-rs stars at lower metallicities. We compare the abundances of the most enriched stars with the nucleosynthetic predictions from the STAREVOL stellar evolutionary code and find abundances compatible with an i-process occurring in asymptotic giant branch stars.
Conclusions. Despite there being a larger number of heavy elements with which to characterize the enrichment pattern, the limit between CEMP-s and CEMP-rs stars remains indistinct. Nevertheless, it is interesting to note that an increasing number of extrinsic stars are found to have abundances better reproduced by an i-process pattern even at close-to-solar metallicities.
A simple clinical score to stratify the risk of procedure-related adverse events in ERCP procedures with trainee involvement
Authors: Voiosu Theodor A. , Benguș Andreea , Bronswijk Michiel , Lyutakov Ivan , Klarin Ivo , Voiosu Bianca , Bălănescu Paul , Diaconu Claudia , Busuioc Bogdan , Boskoski Ivo , Voiosu Andrei M. , Mateescu Radu B. , Wani Sachin 
Published: July 2023

Background Optimal training strategies in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) remain controversial despite the shift toward competence-based training models, with limited data available on patient safety during training. We aimed to assess whether pre-procedural clinical predictors could identify patients at low risk of developing procedure-related adverse-events (AEs) in a training environment.
Methods We performed a prospective, multicenter, cohort study in five training centers. A data collection system documenting indication, clinical data, trainee performance (assessed using a validated competence assessment tool), technical outcomes, and AEs over a 30-day follow-up was utilized. We developed a clinical risk score (Trainee Involvement in ERCP Risk Score [TIERS]) for patients undergoing ERCP and compared the rate of AEs in a training environment between low-risk and high-risk groups. The association between trainee performance and AE rate was also evaluated.
Results 1283 ERCPs (409 [31.9 %, 95 %CI 29.3 %–34.4 %] with trainee involvement) performed by 11 trainers and 10 trainees were analyzed. AEs were more frequent in the high-risk compared with the low-risk group: 26.7 % (95 %CI 20.5 %–34.7 %) vs. 17.1 % (95 %CI 12.8 %–22.2 %). TIERS demonstrated a high negative predictive value for AEs (82.9 %, 95 %CI 79.4 %–85.8 %) and was the only predictor of AEs on multivariable analysis (odds ratio 1.38, 95 %CI 1.09–1.75). Suboptimal trainee performance was associated with an increase in AE rates.
Conclusion Simple, clinical-based predictive tools could improve ERCP training by selecting the most appropriate cases for hands-on training, with the aim of increasing patient safety.
Erleben (potenziell) traumatischer Einsätze und (partielle)
posttraumatische Belastungsstörung bei Polizeibeamt:innen – eine
explorative Befragung von Berufsanfänger:innen
Authors: Posch Lena , Zube Anna-Lena 
Published: July 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Polizeibeamt:innen werden in ihrer beruflichen Karriere oft
mit traumatischen Einsätzen konfrontiert und weisen im Vergleich zur
Allgemeinbevölkerung ein erhöhtes Risiko eine PTBS zu entwickeln
auf. Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war, zu untersuchen, ob und wie häufig
Berufsanfänger:innen der Polizei bereits (potenziell) traumatische
Einsätze erlebt haben und wie häufig eine PTBS oder eine
subsyndromale Ausprägung der PTBS vorliegt. Ferner war von Interesse, ob
ihnen das Konzept zur psychosozialen Notfallversorgung für
Einsatzkräfte (PSNV-E) bekannt ist und ob diese Angebote in Anspruch
genommen werden.
Methode
N=221 Berufsanfänger:innen der Polizei wurden im Rahmen
einer Online-Befragung zum Erleben potenziell traumatischer Einsätze
befragt. Zudem wurde mit der PCL-5 das Ausmaß posttraumatischer
Belastungssymptome erhoben.
Ergebnisse Über die Hälfte der Befragten
(n=121) hatten mindestens einen (potenziell) traumatischen
Einsatz erlebt. Die PTBS-Prävalenz lag in dieser Gruppe bei
1,7%, weitere 14,9% wiesen eine partielle PTBS auf. Einem
Fünftel der Befragten war das PSNV-E Konzept nicht bekannt.
Schlussfolgerung Bereits in den ersten Berufsjahren sind
Polizeibeamt:innen mit extrem belastenden Einsätzen konfrontiert,
woraufhin ein Teil von ihnen erste Anzeichen einer PTBS aufweist. Frühe
Präventionsmaßnahmen sowie Identifikation von Betroffenen zur
sekundären Prävention sind von hoher Relevanz für die
langfristige Gesunderhaltung.
Antibiotic Treatment During Pregnancy and the First Six Months Postpartum – a Secondary Analysis of the “Healthy Living in Pregnancy” (GeliS) Study
Authors: Knoke Johanna , Raab Roxana , Geyer Kristina , Spies Monika , Haller Bernhard , Hauner Hans 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAntibiotic therapies for the treatment of bacterial infections pose a particular challenge during pregnancy and breastfeeding. For Germany, there is hardly any information on the
frequency of antibiotic use during this phase. Our analysis uses data from the “Healthy Living in Pregnancy” (GeliS) study to describe antibiotic treatments during pregnancy and in the
first six months after birth (postpartum), and to compare their use with existing recommendations.This is a retrospective secondary analysis of the GeliS study. In the cluster randomized lifestyle intervention study, detailed information on antibiotic therapies during pregnancy and
postpartum was collected using surveys. Chi-square tests and generalized estimating equations were used for evaluation.Of the 1636 women included in the analysis, 21% reported antibiotic treatment at least once during pregnancy (14%) or in the first six months postpartum (7%). During pregnancy, the
antibiotic therapies of women increased from 1.7% in the first trimester to 6.5% in the third trimester. Common reasons for treatment were urinary tract infections (7.3% of women), ear,
nose, throat (ENT) infections (3.6%), and birth complications (2.6%). The information on the prescribed preparations corresponded to the current recommendations. A significant increase in
the frequency of treatment with antibiotics was observed in the lifestyle intervention group (p < 0.001), in participants without a partner (p < 0.001), and in women who breastfed
their children (p = 0.005) or gave birth by caesarean section (p = 0.003) or prematurely (p = 0.012). Other socioeconomic or lifestyle factors were not significant.Approximately one in five women receives at least one antibiotic treatment during pregnancy and breastfeeding that meets current treatment recommendations. Treatment with antibiotics is
more common in premature births, caesarean sections, and breastfeeding women.
The Addition of Exercise to High-Intensity Laser Therapy Improves
Treatment Effectiveness on Pain and Muscle Strength in Patients with Subacromial
Pain Syndrome: A Randomized Trial
Authors: Yeşilyaprak Sevgi Sevi , Paskal Seda , Koşay Can , Hapa Onur 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objective To assess the efficacy of adding exercise to high-intensity
laser therapy (HILT) in improving treatment effectiveness for clinical outcomes
in patients with subacromial pain syndrome.
Methods Thirty patients with subacromial pain syndrome were randomly
assigned to the HILT-only group (n=15) or HILT&Exercise group
(n=15). The primary outcome was shoulder function and disability.
Secondary outcomes were pain, range of motion, proprioception (joint position
sense), and muscle strength.
Results Shoulder function and disability, pain, range of motion, joint
position sense, and some muscle strength improved in both groups
(p<0.05). There was no significant time-group interaction for the
Constant-Murley Score, Shoulder Pain and Disability Index, rest pain, range of
motion, and joint position sense (p>0.05). Time-group showed significant
effects for activity pain and strength in favor of the HILT&Exercise
group. Middle trapezius, lower trapezius, and supraspinatus strength increased
after HILT plus exercise (p<0.05), activity pain, upper trapezius,
serratus anterior, and subscapularis strength improved more compared to HILT
(p<0.05).
Conclusions We found no clinically important differences between HILT and
HILT-plus exercise in shoulder function and disability, rest pain, mobility, and
proprioception, in patients with subacromial pain syndrome. The addition of
exercise to HILT was superior to HILT for improving activity pain and muscle
strength.
Adverse Perinatal and Neonatal Outcomes among Adolescent Pregnancies in the United States
Authors: Katlaps Isabel , Ghafari-Saravi Afsoon , Mandelbaum Ava , Packer Claire H. , Doshi Uma , Garg Bharti , Caughey Aaron B. , Valent Amy M. 
Published: July 2023

Objective Despite a downward trend in recent years, adolescent pregnancies in the United States remain higher than any other western country. Adolescent pregnancies have been inconsistently associated with adverse perinatal outcomes. The objective of this study is to investigate the association between adolescent pregnancies and adverse perinatal and neonatal outcomes in the United States.
Study Design This is a retrospective cohort study of singleton births in the United States from 2014 to 2020 using national vital statistics data. Perinatal outcomes included gestational diabetes, gestational hypertension, preterm delivery <37 weeks (preterm birth [PTB]), cesarean delivery (CD), chorioamnionitis, small for gestational age (SGA), large for gestational age (LGA), and neonatal composite outcome. Chi-square tests were used to compare outcomes among adolescent (13–19 years) versus adult (20–29 years) pregnancies. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to examine association of adolescent pregnancies with perinatal outcomes. For each outcome, we utilized three models: unadjusted logistic regression, adjusted for demographics, and adjusted for demographics and medical comorbidities. Similar analyses were used to compare younger (13–17 years) and older (18–19 years) adolescent pregnancies to adults.
Results In a cohort of 14,014,078 pregnancies, we found that adolescents were at an increased risk of PTB (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.12, 99% confidence interval (CI): 1.12–1.13) and SGA (aOR: 1.02, 99% CI: 1.01–1.03) compared with adult pregnancies. We also found that multiparous adolescents with a prior history of CD were at an increased risk of CD, compared with adults. For all other outcomes, adult pregnancies were at higher risk for adverse outcomes in the adjusted models. When comparing birth outcomes among adolescents, we found that older adolescents are at an increased risk of PTB, whereas younger adolescents are at an increased risk of both PTB and SGA.
Conclusion After adjusting for confounders, our study demonstrates adolescents have an increased risk of PTB and SGA, compared with adults.
Key Points
Effect of ABCA1-R219K Polymorphism in Serum Lipid Parameters in Patients under Statin Therapy Visiting Tertiary Cardiac Center of Nepal
Authors: Ghimire Sapana , Yadav Binod Kumar , Shrestha Sweta , Shakya Jivan , Poudel Chandra Mani , Tuladhar Eans Tara , Sharma Vijay Kumar , Raut Mithilesh , Bhattarai Aseem , Manandhar Krishna Das , Pant Vivek , Shrestha Deependra 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Introduction ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) encoded by ABCA1 gene is one of the important protein involved in lipid metabolism. The effect of statin therapy on dyslipidemia varies among individuals and it may be due to different genetic polymorphism. The R219K polymorphism of ABCA1 gene is found to have a significant role in the response of statin.
Objective This study was designed to evaluate the effect of R219K polymorphism in lipid-lowering action of statin in patients with dyslipidemia.
Material and Methods This study was conducted in 88 patients. Blood samples were taken from patients before and at the end of 3 months of statin use and were analyzed for lipid profile. Whole blood was analyzed for R219K Polymorphism using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism.
Results R219K polymorphism was associated with significant percentage reduction of serum triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein (TG/HDL) ratio and total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein (TC/HDL) ratio in atorvastatin users. However, there was no significant association of polymorphism with change in serum TC, HDL-C, LDL-C, TG, and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL). Among KK genotype individuals, value of TG, VLDL, TG/HDL, and TC/HDL were significantly lower than in RR genotypes. Also, TG/HDL and TC/HDL were significantly lower in RK genotype than in RR. Treatment of dyslipidemia with statin was found to be comparatively better in patients having the genotypes KK and RK.
Conclusion Our study demonstrated association of R219K polymorphism with the significant reduction of TG/HDL and TC/HDL and particularly the KK genotype was associated with significant improvement of lipid parameters following atorvastatin treatment.
Awareness of Preeclampsia among Antenatal Clinic Attendees in Northwestern Nigeria
Authors: Adamu Aisha N. , Callahan Katie L. , Anderson Peter B. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background Preeclampsia (PE) is among the five main causes of maternal mortality in low resource countries. This study was designed to assess PE awareness and its socioeconomic determinants among antenatal clinic attendees in northwestern Nigeria.
Methods Two hundred twenty-one antenatal clinic attendees in northwestern Nigeria were selected through systematic random sampling for this quantitative study. Women who were 9 months pregnant and had consented to participate were included; those with chronic illnesses such as diabetes mellitus were excluded. Data on respondents' sociodemographic variables, and PE awareness were collected using a validated questionnaire. Associations between variables were tested using chi-square test and multiple regression analysis.
Results Ninety-one percent of respondents were aged 20 to 40 years, 53.9% were multiparous, 27% had no or low level of formal education, and 52% had attended antenatal care (ANC) at least four times in the index pregnancy. Only 37% (N = 83) were aware of PE. Women with formal education were 3.8 times more likely (odds ratio [OR] = 3.8, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.4–10.3) to be aware of PE compared with those with no formal education (p < 0.05). Also, women who experienced hypertension in their previous pregnancies were 2.8 times more likely (OR = 2.8, 95% CI = 1.37–5.71) to be aware of PE than those women who had not (p < 0.05).
Conclusion There was a low level of PE awareness among pregnant women in this study; being formally educated and having had hypertension in a previous pregnancy were positively associated with PE awareness. PE education should be part of ANC.