bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Artful Inquiry for Uncertain Times
Authors: Friis Silje Alberthe Kamille , Mølhave Annegrete 
Published: June 2023

If mental health enables us to reshape the world, we need design approaches that value and prioritize this within the actual process.Imagine reconnecting with some of the things you loved as a kid—arts and nature—as a means to cope with the stresses of today's world and flourish as a designer!
Are political and economic integration intertwined?
Authors: Bratsberg Bernt , Facchini Giovanni , Frattini Tommaso , Rosso Anna Cecilia 
Published: June 2023

AbstractEconomic incentives play a key role in the decision to run for office, but little is known on how they shape immigrants' self‐selection into candidacy. We study this question using a two‐period Roy model, and show that if returns to labour market experience differ between migrants and natives, then this will affect the relative likelihood to run for office for the two groups. We assess this prediction empirically using administrative data from Norway, a country with a very liberal regime for participation in local elections. Our results strongly support our theoretical model and indicate that immigrants' political and economic integration are closely intertwined.
Artificial fruits and nuts for studying predation of cryptic prey: a case of 3D‐printed coffee berries for studying predation of coffee berry borer by flat bark beetles
Authors: Liang Pei‐Shih , Ladizinsky Nicolas C. , Asmus Glenn , Hamilton Lindsey J. , Acebes‐Doria Angelita L. , Manoukis Nicholas C. , Follett Peter A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractStudying the effects of predation in cryptic herbivorous insects is difficult because many spend all or most of their life cycle inside their host plant. Here, we designed and 3D‐printed artificial coffee berries to study predation of coffee berry borer, Hypothenemus hampei (Ferrari) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae), by the flat bark beetle, Cathartus quadricollis (Guerin‐Meneville) (Coleoptera: Silvanidae). The 3D‐printed berries were tested under laboratory and field conditions and the results confirmed the usefulness of 3D‐printed materials to create life‐like models for studying predation.
Predatory arthropods and cues associated with predator presence elicit strong non‐consumptive effects on bluegrass billbugs
Authors: Wickwar Desireè M. , Ramirez Ricardo A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTurfgrasses hosts a diverse community of predators that contribute to herbivore suppression. However, there is little evidence that predators directly consume a common turfgrass herbivore, the billbug (Sphenophorus sp.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Given low rates of direct consumption by predators, prospects for strong non‐consumptive effects in billbugs were underappreciated. However, this assumed lack of non‐consumptive effects presupposes that herbivorous prey, like billbugs, can identify predators and the level of threat that they pose. Here, we examined this assumption and quantified the extent to which exposure to predators and predator cues altered the behavior (predator avoidance, feeding, and mating) of bluegrass billbug, Sphenophorus parvulus Gyllenhal. First, using a series of behavioral assays within microcosms, we exposed billbugs to predators – Pterostichus melanarius (Illiger) (Coleoptera: Carabidae), Harpalus sp. (Coleoptera: Carabidae), Philonthus sp. (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae), and Hogna sp. (Araneae: Lycosidae) – singly and in combination to measure the effect of contact with predators and potential synergy among predator species pairs. Indirect exposure to predators, predator odor, and non‐predatory arthropods were also used to measure effects of various predator cues on billbug behavior. In subsequent Y‐tube choice assays we determined whether billbugs discriminated between filtered air and predator odor to isolate chemical signaling as a potential mechanism for billbug predator detection. Direct exposure to predators increased billbug predator avoidance (up to 201%), and decreased billbug feeding (down to −78%), though no predation was observed. Similar behavioral changes were observed when billbugs were exposed indirectly to a predator, and to predator odor. In Y‐tube assays billbugs avoided predator odor, further suggesting billbugs use chemical cues to detect predator presence and that these may be a driver in their observed behavior. Our results show that billbugs exhibit strong non‐consumptive effects, even in the absence of strong direct consumptive effects. These results provide the foundation for further research concerning the role of chemical signaling in billbug predator detection.
Fish functional biotic simplification in a Neotropical reservoir: An approach from the ichthyoplankton
Authors: Gogola Tatiane Mary , da Silva Pedro Rogério Leandro , Maciel Anderson Luiz , Baumgartner Dirceu , Piana Pitágoras Augusto , Sanches Paulo Vanderlei 
Published: June 2023

AbstractEcosystem services provided by communities are related to the diversity of functional traits, and biotic functional simplification occurs when this diversity is reduced. Thus, we used the approach of functional indices, applied to the abundance of fish larvae and traits of the spawning stock, to evaluate the spatial and temporal variations in the functional diversity of the fish community of a Neotropical reservoir. The following hypotheses were tested: (i) different environmental conditions between reproductive periods lead to temporal variations in the functional diversity of the community, and (ii) the spatial heterogeneity (longitudinal and lateral) of the environmental conditions formed in the reservoir causes functional biotic simplification to occur from lotic towards lentic areas since the original community was formed by rheophilic species. Larval collections were carried out monthly, at night, between October and March, from 2009 to 2016, with plankton nets equipped with a flowmeter in nine sample areas categorised into three longitudinal zones (fluvial‐FLU, transition‐TRA and lacustrine‐LAC) and three sides (upper‐UPP, middle‐MID and lower‐LOW). Water samples were obtained to measure the temperature and turbidity. Precipitation and reservoir quotas were obtained from official agencies. After the identification of captured larvae, we determined which species were present and used the functional traits of the adults (parental stock), obtained from specialised literature, and functional richness (FRic) and its corresponding standardised effect size (SES.FRic) were computed. The spatiotemporal variations in these indices were evaluated through the two‐way block factorial MANOVA/ANOVA. Their association with environmental variables was inferred through multiple linear regression models. Altogether, 51,995 larvae were captured with the highest abundance in the period V, longitudinally in LAC and TRA and laterally in LOW. Among these, the functional indices were higher in periods IV and V. The highest values of FRic occurred longitudinally in FLU and laterally in LOW. Among the abiotic conditions, rainfall and water temperature were the most influential variables over functional indices and total larvae abundance. The results indicate that fish reproduction is linked to spatiotemporal variations in abiotic conditions confirming our first hypothesis. The second hypothesis was partially supported because functional biotic simplification was observed in the longitudinal gradient, with reductions in FRic in LAC. However, this reduction was not observed in the lateral gradient. We showed that the temporal variability of abiotic conditions is important for the high functional diversity of reservoirs.
Possible role of IL‐23 inhibitor in autoimmune hemolytic anemia
Authors: Premnath Naveen , Pandey Urvashi , Pandey Mohak , Venuprasad K. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractRituximab and prednisone are commonly used treatments for autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA), where the body's immune system attacks and destroys its red blood cells. However, some AIHA patients may become refractory to rituximab treatment, and this can result in continued hemolysis and persistent anemia, making it challenging for affected individuals to manage their symptoms. The underlying causes of rituximab refractoriness in AIHA patients can be complex and vary from patient to patient. Herein, we present a case of newly diagnosed warm and cold AIHA that remained in remission with an interleukin‐23 inhibitor.
A solanum beetle on a fabaceous weed: Possible rapid progress of adaptation to a novel host‐plant in a geographical context
Authors: Fujiyama Naoyuki , Ueno Hideki , Kahono Sih , Hartini Sri , Katakura Haruo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractOur knowledge on how the local distribution pattern of ordinary and novel hosts promotes or hinders the progress of adaptation to the novel hosts by phytophagous insects is limited. The herbivorous ladybird beetle Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) depends mainly on solanaceous plants as hosts; the major wild host of this beetle species in Java, Indonesia, is Solanum torvum. However, in several regions of Southeast Asia, including Java, H. vigintioctopunctata also occurs on the introduced fabaceous weed, Centrosema molle. Circumstantial evidence indicates that the use of C. molle by beetles became frequent in the very early 2000s in East Java. In the present study, based on laboratory and field data obtained from 2003 to 2005, we evaluated the degree of adaptation to C. molle by H. vigintioctopunctata populations from East Java and documented the geographic pattern of host‐plant distribution in East Java. Laboratory experiments revealed that the beetles from East Java possessed the highest degree of adaptation to C. molle among the beetle populations thus far investigated, suggesting that the adaptation to C. molle by beetles proceeded quite rapidly in East Java in the early 2000s. Meanwhile, field surveys showed that the habitats in East Java consisted of mosaics with sites where only C. molle was distributed and sites where C. molle and solanaceous plants co‐occurred. We discussed the role of such geographical structure of habitats in promoting the rapid adaptation of H. vigintioctopunctata to C. molle in East Java.
Effects of non‐proportionality and tension–compression asymmetry on the fatigue life prediction of equivalent stress criteria
Authors: Kuhn Michael , Manousides Nikolas , Antoniou Alexandros , Balzani Claudio 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBiaxial tension/compression–torsion fatigue tests with varying levels of non‐proportionality were performed employing a structural adhesive designed for wind turbine rotor blades. The cycles to failure were found to be independent of the level of non‐proportionality. It is demonstrated that numerical fatigue life predictions via rainflow‐counted equivalent stress histories are not able to replicate these experimental observations and overestimate the fatigue life up to a hundredfold. The tension–compression asymmetry of the adhesive resulted in significant damage prediction differences depending on the stress space representation of the Haigh diagram. If not properly taken care of, the asymmetry will also lead to non‐conservative results. While demonstrated with a short fiber‐reinforced adhesive, the results can be transferred to other materials.
No immunological changes after factor VIII product switch: An in depth analysis in haemophilia A patients
Authors: Schep Sarah J. , Fischer Kathelijn , Boes Marianne , Schutgens Roger E. G. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundA challenging complication in the treatment of haemophilia A is the formation of neutralizing anti‐FVIII antibodies (inhibitors). There is ongoing debate on the effect of FVIII product and inhibitor risk, rendering patients and physicians reluctant to switch FVIII‐products.AimThis study aimed to evaluate changes in the immune profile of haemophilia A patients after switching FVIII products and their possible relation to inhibitor development. Secondary, FVIII efficacy after switching were assessed.MethodsPatients, who switched FVIII‐products between 2017–2019, were included in this single centre cohort study. Prospective comparison of immunoregulatory cells and markers by flow‐cytometry before and after the switch was performed in a subgroup. For the total cohort clinical data regarding inhibitor development and FVIII efficacy 1 year before and after switching were retrospectively collected.ResultsOne‐hundred patients (including 39 with prospective immunological assessment) were analyzed, of which 31% switched from plasma‐derived (pdFVIII) to recombinant standard half‐life FVIII (SHL‐rFVIII), 47% between different SHL‐rFVIII, and 22% from pdFVIII/SHL‐rFVIII to rFVIII‐Fc. No remarkable changes in immunoregulatory cell functions were observed after switching, regardless the type of switch. None of the patients developed an inhibitor. FVIII efficacy, that is, FVIII usage, half‐life and annual bleeding rate (ABR), was similar before and after switch for the SHL products, whereas rFVIII‐Fc associated with a longer half‐life (13.1 vs. 15.0 h) and lower ABR (3.0 vs. 1.0).ConclusionsSwitching to a different FVIII product was not associated with inhibitor development, nor with differences in the immune profile. Switching to rFVIII‐Fc lead to lower ABR.
Reported prevalence of von Willebrand disease worldwide in relation to income classification
Authors: Stonebraker Jeffrey S. , Iorio Alfonso , Lavin Michelle , Rezende Suely M. , Srivastava Alok , Pierce Glenn F. , Coffin Donna , Tootoonchian Ellia , Makris Michael 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe diagnosis of von Willebrand disease (VWD) is complex and challenging, especially when diagnostic resources are limited. This results in a lack of consistency in identifying and reporting the number of people with VWD and variations in the VWD prevalence worldwide.AimTo analyze the reported prevalence of VWD worldwide in relation to income classification.MethodsData on the VWD prevalence from the World Federation of Hemophilia Annual Global Survey, national registries of Australia, Canada, and the United Kingdom, and the literature were analysed. The income level of each country was classified according to the World Bank.ResultsThe mean VWD prevalence worldwide was 25.6 per million people. The VWD prevalence for high‐income countries (HIC) of 60.3 per million people was significantly greater (p < .01) than upper middle (12.6), lower middle (2.5) and low (1.1) income countries. The type 3 VWD prevalence for HIC of 3.3 per million people was significantly greater (p < .01) than lower middle (1.3) and low income (0.7) countries. The reported VWD prevalence was greater among females than males.ConclusionThe reported VWD prevalence varied considerably across and within income classifications. The variability of type 3 VWD prevalence was less than the VWD prevalence (all types). The variability in detection and diagnosis of type 1 VWD presents a challenge in forming a consistent prevalence value across countries and income classifications.
Outlining inbreeding in the Brazilian higher education system
Authors: de Miranda Grochocki Luís Filipe , Cabello Andrea Felippe 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis study describes characteristics of academic inbreeding in the Brazilian higher education system. Results show the rate of inbreeding significantly differs among distinct types of institutions, fields of knowledge, states and university ranking tiers. According to this study, inbreeding is most likely to be found in established elite research institutions, concentrated in the Southeast of Brazil, in the STEM fields. These also happen to be the main providers and most prestigious consumers of the well‐trained local academic workforce, supporting the conclusion that both internal and external factors could be influencing the high concentration of inbred scholars at prominent alma maters. It contributes to international literature by evaluating the role of individual characteristics and by showing how the expansion of higher education to more geographically distant areas may establish different patterns of inbreeding.
Compromising your morals: The perils of new beginnings as an auditor
Authors: Rankin Robert , Driskill Trish , Hartmann Caroline , Cassle Jacqui 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis real‐world inspired case describes an ethical dilemma for a recently hired auditor and new Certified Public Accountant (CPA)/Associate Chartered Accountant (ACA) who must choose between cheating on a mandatory firm audit training and exam and suffering the possibility of negatively affecting her advancement with the firm and future compensation. The purpose of this case is to provide students the opportunity to identify an ethical dilemma, apply accounting ethics codes to evaluate potential responses and recommend an ethical course of action. Students completing this case will (1) understand the common pressures and complexities associated with an ethical dilemma; (2) be exposed to the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants' (AICPA Code) Code of Professional Conduct and the International Ethics Standards Board (IESBA Code) International Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants; (3) apply knowledge of the AICPA Ethics Decision Tree to a real‐world inspired ethical dilemma; (4) evaluate and analyse the various courses of action to an ethical dilemma; and (5) demonstrate the impact tone at the top and organizational culture have on employees and the firm. The case was very effective in exposing and enhancing student's overall knowledge 4.28 (σ = 0.57) and application 4.28 (σ = 0.65) of the AICPA Code.
Nanoindentation‐induced evolution of atomic‐level properties in silicate glass: Insights from molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Ding Linfeng , Lu Ranran , Wang Lianjun , Zheng Qiuju , Mauro John C. , Zhang Zhen 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIndentation has been widely used for investigating the mechanical behavior of glasses. However, how the various microscopic properties (such as atomic structure and mechanics) of glass evolve from the immediate contact with the indenter to the far‐field regions, and how these observables are correlated to each other remain largely unknown. Here, using large‐scale molecular dynamics simulations, we investigate the response of a prototypical sodium silicate glass under shape contact load up to an indentation depth of 25 nm. Both the short‐ and intermediate‐range structures are found to exhibit notable changes below the indent, indicating that indentation deformation induces a more disordered and heterogeneous network structure. In addition, we find that the indentation‐induced changes of local properties all exhibit an exponential decaying behavior with increasing distance from the indent. Comparison of the characteristic decay lengths of these local properties indicates that the structural origins of shear flow and densification are the changes of the network modifier's coordination environment and the inter‐tetrahedral connection, respectively. The decay of densification is considerably slower than that of shear strain, implying that the former might contribute more to the deformation at the far‐field regions. Our findings not only contribute to an atomistic understanding of the indentation response of silicate glasses but also pave the way toward rational design of damage‐resistant glassy materials.
Stakeholder perspectives on intensive support teams for adults with intellectual disabilities who display behaviour that challenges in England
Authors: Kouroupa Athanasia , Hassiotis Angela , Hamza Leila , Courtenay Ken , Hall Ian , Langdon Peter E. , Taggart Laurence , Crossey Vicky , Lloyd‐Evans Brynmor , Morant Nicola 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundAdults with intellectual disabilities often display behaviour that challenges that is a result of biological differences, psychological challenges, and lack of appropriate social support. Intensive Support Teams (IST) are recommended to support the care needs of this group and avoid hospitalisation. However, little attention has been paid to the perspectives of stakeholders who manage, work in, or use ISTs.MethodInterviews and focus groups were conducted with 50 stakeholders (IST service managers and professionals, adults with intellectual disabilities, and family and paid carers) of ISTs. Services operated according to one of two service models previously identified in ISTs in England (enhanced or independent).ResultsThematic analysis identified accessible and flexible support, individualised care, and the involvement of carers and other relevant agencies in management plans and reviews as features of good IST care highlighted by all stakeholder groups. IST managers and professionals described the key challenges of current IST provision as unclear referral criteria, limited interfaces with other local services, and perceived threats associated with funding and staff retention. Findings were similar between the two IST models.ConclusionsISTs are able to offer care and specialist support that is valued by families, service users and other care providers. However, they face several operational challenges that should be addressed if ISTs are to reach their potential along with community intellectual disability services in supporting adults with intellectual disabilities who display behaviour that challenges in the community.
School lunch portion sizes provided for children attending early years settings within primary schools: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Pearce Jo , Wall Claire J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundIn England, many children attend an early years' setting (EYS) that is part of a primary school. Where a school lunch is available, this is often the same for both EYS and school children. This study explored how school lunch portion sizes served for 3–4‐year‐old EYS children compared with portion size guidance for EYS and schools, given that recommendations are different for EYS and school‐aged children.MethodsTwelve schools were recruited in four local authorities, each of which provided a school lunch to children attending EYS (aged 3–4 years) and reception classes (aged 4–5 years) from the same menu. Two portions of each menu item were weighed, each day, for five consecutive days. Mean, median, standard deviation and correlation coefficient were calculated for each food item.ResultsMost caterers reported serving the same‐sized portions to both 3–4‐year‐olds and 5–7‐year‐olds. Food items falling outside of the typical range for EYS were more commonly above the range (10 food items) than below it (6 food items). Notably, portions of cakes and biscuits were larger than recommended. Portion weights falling outside of the recommended range for 4–10‐year‐olds were usually too small (12 of 14 items). Some foods provided by the schools in the study did not have typical portion sizes for EYS as they were not ‘good choices of foods to serve’.ConclusionsThese results suggest caterers may not be following guidelines appropriate for all the children they are catering for.