bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Activation cognitive et mise en action de l’individu en état de stress dépassé : l’apport des neurosciences
Authors: Giaume Louise 
Published: April 2023

Exposés quotidiennement à des situations traumatiques, les primo-intervenants doivent affronter, au fil des interventions, décès brutaux, accidents de la voie publique, souffrance psychique et physique, violences urbaines et familiales, précarité, etc. Ces situations présentent toutes le risque d’être génératrices d’un stress important aussi bien pour ceux qui interviennent, que pour ceux qui en sont témoins. Comment faire face lorsqu’un individu présente un état de stress dépassé lors d’une intervention ?
Le sans-domicilisme. Réflexion sur les catégories de l’exclusion du logement
Authors: Loison Marie 
Published: April 2023

L’absence de logement « à soi » n’est pas simple à définir et les sans-domicile forment une population hétérogène et fluctuante. La grande diversité de leurs trajectoires et de leurs situations résidentielles rend difficiles l’appréhension et la qualification du phénomène d’exclusion du logement. En France, depuis les travaux pionniers des années 1990 et jusqu’à aujourd’hui, différentes catégorisations ont été produites mais elles sont souvent méconnues et les mots employés génèrent des confusions ayant parfois des conséquences problématiques dans la mise en œuvre des politiques publiques à destination des populations concernées. Cette contribution propose d’ouvrir le débat en présentant le terme « sans-abrisme » comme une synecdoque du néologisme « sans-domicilisme ». Elle défend l’idée selon laquelle l’usage de ce dernier terme permet davantage d’éviter les confusions et la reproduction des idées reçues sur ces populations, de mieux prendre en compte les trajectoires spécifiques de certaines catégories de population exclues du logement et de mieux traduire le terme anglo-saxon homelessness (qui est aujourd’hui le plus souvent traduit par « sans-abrisme »). Ce faisant, il pourrait contribuer à la (re)constitution d’un champ de recherche français plus unifié sur cette question et à un meilleur dialogue entre recherche et action publique.
La Blockchain à l’épreuve de la vie privée
Authors: Caron Cécile 
Published: April 2023

Presented as trust technologies, blockchains, by allowing secure peer-to-peer exchanges without the intermediary of a trusted third party, immediate and almost free of charge, have a strong disruptive potential. However, they are controversial, especially in terms of privacy. They raise issues of compliance with regulations and are accentuated by the emergence of a growing concern of users regarding the protection of their privacy. Through the analysis of a use case, the design and experimentation of a mobility service, we will show what challenges (governance, personal data management, transparency) this antagonism between Blockchains and privacy raises and what socio-technical compromises the actors have made to overcome them. If for the Blockchain specialists involved in the creation of this new service, these compromises have limited the disruptive potential of the technology by restricting its decentralized and anonymous character, they have allowed for the emergence of unexpected uses and benefits, such as confirming the choice of the Blockchain technology as a « privacy solution ». In addition, the search for solutions to ensure compliance has also involved socio-technical compromises that guarantee the acceptability of the service in the eyes of users, and have made it possible to take into account the broader issues of privacy (respect for intimacy, guarantee of autonomy and control of data) by going beyond the issues of compliance.
Point-of-care test for tuberculosis - a boon in diagnosis
Authors: Tayal Devika , Sethi Prabhpreet , Jain Prerna 
Published: April 2023

Rapid diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) is an effective measure to eradicate this infectious disease worldwide. Traditional methods for screening TB patients do not provide immediate diagnosis and thus delay treatment. There is an urgent need for early detection of TB through point-of-care test (POCT). Several POCTs are widely available at primary health care facilities which assist in TB screening. In addition to currently used POCT, advancement in technology has led to the discovery of newer methods that provide accurate and fast information independent of access to laboratory facilities. In the present article, the authors tried to include and describe the potential point of care test for screening TB in patients. Several molecular diagnostic tests such as NAATs including GeneXpert and TB-LAMP are being currently used as point-of-care tests. Besides these methods, the pathogenic component of Mycobacterium tuberculosis can also be utilized as a biomarker for screening purposes through immunological assays. Similarly, the host immune response to infection has also been utilized as a marker for the diagnosis of TB. These novel biomarkers might include Mtb85, IP-10, VOCs, Acute phase proteins, etc. Radiological tests have also been observed as point-of-care test in the TB screening POCT panel. Various POCTs are performed in samples other than sputum which further eases the process of screening. These POCTs should not require large-scale manpower and infrastructure. Hence, POCT should be able to identify patients with Mtb infection at the primary health care level only. There are several other advanced techniques that have been proposed as future point-of-care test and have been discussed in the present article.
The Anti-Adhesion Effect of Nisin as a Robust Lantibiotic on the Colorectal Cancer Cells
Authors: Soleimanifar Hesam , Mahmoodzadeh Hosseini Hamideh , Samavarchi Tehrani Sadra , Mirhosseini Seyed Ali 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Bacteriocins are a type of antimicrobial peptide that are produced by probiotics. They have been studied as possible therapeutic drugs and have been used to suppress bacterial development in foods. Nisin is a potent bacteriocin having the anti-microbial and anti-cancer characteristics produced by Lactococcus lactis. The aim of the present paper is to evaluate the influence of Nisin on cell adhesion and its two related genes, mmp-2 and mmp-9, in the colorectal cancer cell line.

Materials and Methods:
For this purpose, HT-29 cells were treated with various concentrations of Nisin and the cell cytotoxicity, cell adhesion, and gene expression were evaluated using the MTT assay, cell adhesion assay, and real-time PCR.

Results:
Our findings showed that 32 to 1024 μg/ml of Nisin resulted in a significant reduction in cell viability (P < 0.05). Furthermore, 128 and 256 μg/ml of Nisin significantly reduced the cell adhesion, and mmp-2 and mmp-9 gene expressions (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
Our findings suggested that Nisin could prevent metastasis and cancer progression.
Development and implementation of a simulation training program for acute respiratory-failure management in the pulmonary intensive care unit
Authors: Abdeldaim Yasmin , Khalil Magdy M. , Wagih Khaled , Galal Iman H. , Salem Hala M. , Elbeialy Marwa 
Published: April 2023

Background
Many medical institutes and centers employ simulation in medical education, however, there is still limited experience regarding its use, especially in low–middle-income countries such as Egypt.

Objective
We conducted this work to investigate the effectiveness of simulation-based training (SBT) as an educational tool for teaching pulmonary-medicine postgraduate students the ICU management of acute respiratory failure (ARF).

Patients and methods
Thirty postgraduate students enrolled in the Master of Pulmonary Medicine at Ain Shams School of Medicine without previous experience in SBT were randomly categorized into two groups (1 : 1), namely SBT and lecture-based training in the period between January 2019 and January 2020. Both groups attended lectures on management of ARF in ICU patients; however, the SBT group received additional SBT. We assessed clinical knowledge after the lectures with multiple-choice written exams. The SBT group received the same exams after simulation to assess its impact in addition to a satisfaction survey. The ventilator skills of the SBT team were evaluated after a video presentation of the ventilator chart recorded in a real case using a 12-item checklist before and after simulation training.

Results
Total knowledge scores of all scenarios were almost similar between the two groups at baseline (SBT: 56.6 vs. 55.2, P=0.581). Simulation training significantly improved the total knowledge score of the SBT group, compared with the presimulation score (56.6 vs. 69.4, P≤0.001) and the lecture-based training group (69.4 vs. 55.2, P≤0.001). Compared with baseline, the SBT group’s skill score significantly increased after simulation (46.9 vs. 65.6, P≤0.001). The improvement in knowledge and skills scores was independent of baseline-knowledge score, age, and years of experience, except for the acute-asthma scenario. All SBT participants were either very satisfied (86.7%) or satisfied (13.3%). It should be noted that satisfaction with this type of training was not correlated with the sociodemographic characteristics of the participants. Most of the candidates (80.7%) believe that such training has successfully improved their communication skills.

Conclusion
The current study indicates a positive impact of a simulation-based program regarding team training on ARF in an ICU.
The ability of different biological therapies to reduce the use of systemic steroids and the rate of asthma exacerbations in severe asthma
Authors: Eldaabossi Safwat , Awad Amgad 
Published: April 2023

Objective
Biological therapies are used to treat patients with severe asthma (SA) with type 2 inflammation. These biologics have been shown to reduce oral corticosteroids and asthma exacerbations and improve patients’ quality of life. This study will examine the extent to which biological therapies can reduce the frequency of asthma exacerbations and the use of systemic corticosteroids in a cohort of patients with SA.

Participants and methods
The frequency of exacerbations, use of systemic corticosteroids before and after biological therapy [anti-interleukin (IL)5, anti-IL-4, and anti-immunoglobulin E therapies], and symptom control were studied in 47 adult patients with SA whose asthma was uncontrolled on high-dose inhaled corticosteroids/long-acting beta-2 agonists plus another control group. These patients received biologics therapy, mepolizumab, dupilumab, or omalizumab, for at least 4 months.

Results
Of 47 patients, 28 were treated with anti-IL-5 (mepolizumab), 11 were treated with anti-IL-4 (dupilumab), and eight were treated with anti-immunoglobulin E (omalizumab). No significant differences in age, sex, BMI, concomitant diseases, oral steroids, duration of biological treatment, and prognosis were observed among patients receiving the three (before the biologics). However, exacerbations/year were significantly higher in patients receiving dupilumab. Before biological therapy, 28 patients had mixed asthma phenotypes and received systemic corticosteroid therapy. Five patients received daily OCSs (5 mg daily), and 23 patients received courses of OCSs before biological therapy. After biological therapy, almost all patients were discontinued from systemic steroid treatment, except one patient. The rate of exacerbations was 68.1% (32/47) and decreased to 10.6% (5/47) after biological therapy. In addition, patients treated with biologics showed a decrease in symptoms, an increase in forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1%), and a decrease in peripheral eosinophils.

Conclusions
In this study, biological therapy reduced asthma exacerbations, the dosage of glucocorticoids used, and SA symptoms.
Red blood cell distribution width
Authors: Algharbawy Manal M.R. , El-Gamal Mohamed M. , Mansour Mostafa M. , Elshaer Mohammed Y.S. 
Published: April 2023

Importance
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is the main global health problem nowadays. It is the primary cause of many deaths all over the world, as well as associated with many morbidities and consumption of medical resources.

Objective
To assess the relation between red blood cell distribution width (RDW) level in the blood of COVID-19-infected patients on one side and various criteria of disease severity and mortality risk on the other side, to help answer the question, ‘can we use RDW as a predictor of COVID-19 disease severity?’

Patients and methods
This study included 184 adult patients (98 males and 86 females) with positive nasopharyngeal swab for acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection diagnosed at Mansoura University Hospitals. Patients underwent clinical, laboratory, and radiological evaluation of COVID-19 cases with close follow-up till complete cure or death. Cases were divided according to the disease severity into four groups (six mild cases, 45 moderate cases, 48 severe cases, and 85 critical cases). We compared RDW level at the time of hospitalization in the four groups.

Results
A highly significant difference (P≤0.001) was found between mean RDW in mild and moderate groups compared with severe and critical groups. Moreover, there was a positive linear correlation between RDW level and disease severity (P≤0.001). RDW level more than 13.65 could predict severe disease with 79.2% sensitivity and 66.7% specificity. RDW level more than 13.85 could predict critical disease with 78.8% sensitivity and 66.7% specificity. Mean RDW was significantly lower in cured cases compared with those died owing to COVID-19 complications (P=0.004). RDW level more than 13.95 could predict increased mortality risk, with 73.5% sensitivity and 52.5% specificity.

Conclusion
Higher RDW levels in COVID-19-infected patients, upon hospital admission, were associated with increased disease severity and mortality risk.
Diagnostic value of pleural fluid lactate dehydrogenase/adenosine deaminase ratio in differentiating parapneumonic effusion from tuberculous pleurisy
Authors: Anar Ceyda , Yavuz Melike Yüksel , Alıcı İbrahim O. , Güldaval Filiz , Büyüksirin Melih 
Published: April 2023

Objective
The purpose of this study was to determine the diagnostic value of pleural fluid lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)/pleural fluid adenosine deaminase (ADA) ratio in differentiating pleural effusions owing to tuberculous pleurisy (TBP) and parapneumonic effusion (PPE).

Patients and methods
The data of 272 patients (140 patients with TBP and 132 patients with PPE) between January 2012 and October 2018 were analyzed retrospectively. Demographic data of all patients; concurrent serum glucose, albumin, protein, and LDH values; and pleural fluid pH, glucose, albumin, protein, and ADA results have been reviewed.

Results
Pleural fluid ADA values were statistically significantly higher in the TBP group than PPE (P<0.001). The median values of pleural fluid LDH/ADA ratio between TBP and PPE groups were 16.10 (12.53) and 32.90 (34.45), respectively, which was found to be significantly lower in TBP group (P<0.001). Pleural fluid LDH/ADA ratio’s sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were 90, 59.85, 70.4, and 84.9%, respectively, in the diagnosis of TBP for values less than 28 (P<0.001).

Conclusion
The ratio of pleural fluid LDH/ADA determined from routine biochemical analysis predicts TBP at value of 28. Measurement of this parameter may help clinicians distinguish between TBP and PPE.
Role of pulmonary ultrasound in evaluation of respiratory manifestations of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
Authors: Awad Taha A. , Ibrahim Abdelmonem E.M. , Elrifai Atef W. , Hesham Khalid , Rihan Muhammad S. 
Published: April 2023

Background
Pulmonary congestion quantification is essential for follow-up of heart failure (HF). Most available tools are inaccurate or invasive. Hence, ultrasonographic B-line modes have been suggested as an alternative easy noninvasive diagnostic instrument for pulmonary congestion evaluation in patients with HF.

Aim
The aim was to assess the lung ultrasound role in evaluating HF in patients with preserved ejection fraction (EF).

Patients and methods
A total of 150 participants admitted to the cardiovascular department or followed in the outpatient clinic between July 2016 and May 2017 were included in this study. The participants were divided into five groups (each 30 patients): patients with HF having preserved EF (HFpEF) without comorbidities, patients with HFpEF with comorbidities, HF patients with midrange EF (HFmrEF) without comorbidities, patients with HFmrEF with comorbidities, and nondiabetic nonhypertensive individuals. All groups were subjected to New York Heart Association grading for cardiac diseases, echocardiography, and serum brain natriuretic peptide assessment.

Results
B-lines significantly increased with increased New York Heart Association class. A negative correlation was found between B-lines and the EF% (r=−0.46). The brain natriuretic peptide and B-lines showed a significant, powerful association in the first group (r=0.81), the second group (r=0.80), the third group (r=0.85), and the fourth group (r=0.098), but there was an inverse insignificant correlation in the control.

Conclusion
B-line assessment by lung ultrasound is considered a simple tool for the evaluation of pulmonary congestion resulting from diastolic HF (HFPEF). It can be used as a fast and reliable tool.
Comparison of sleep quality before and after chemotherapy in locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer patients
Authors: Nidhal Belloumi , Sonia Maalej , Imene Bachouche , Fatma Chermiti , Soraya Fenniche 
Published: April 2023

Background
Outcome of sleep disturbances in lung cancer patients before and after treatment is not much reported. Their intensity and their correlation to quality of life or to humor disturbances were not widely studied. The aim of this study was to report precisely sleep disturbances in advanced stage lung cancer patients, their outcome after chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy, and their correlation to anxiodepressive humor.

Patients and methods
It was a prospective study including 64 patients with stage 3 or 4 non-small-cell lung cancer. Patients answered the Tunisian dialectal version of the following questionnaires: Pittsburgh sleep quality index and hospital anxiety depression scale in order to evaluate, respectively, the sleep quality and anxiodepressive troubles. The questionnaires took place before chemotherapy and then were repeated after chemotherapy was over.

Results
The mean age was 62.9 years. All patients were active smokers. Before chemotherapy, there were 10 (15%) patients with poor sleep quality. Most frequent complaints were daily sleepiness (70%) and nocturnal arousals (100%). Sixteen (25%) patients had depressive humor. Depression was statistically more frequent among patients with poor sleep quality (80 vs 15%, P<0.001). After chemotherapy, the mean Pittsburgh sleep quality index score increased from 2.9 to 5.4 and 45% of all patients had poor sleep quality. Most frequent complaints were extension of sleep latency (69%), daily sleepiness (98%), and nocturnal arousals (100%). After chemotherapy, depressive humor was reported in 34.3% of all patients, with higher prevalence among patients with poor sleep quality (58 vs 14%, P<0.001). Anxious humor was reported in 17% of all patients. A higher prevalence was correlated with poor sleep quality (31 vs 6%, P<0.001). The predicting factors of sleep disturbance according to statistical univariate analysis were delayed diagnosis confirmation (P=0.05), delayed start of treatment (P<0.001), and anxious (P=0.001) or depressive humor (P=0.001). Multivariate analysis confirmed the correlation of sleep disturbance to delayed diagnosis confirmation and treatment onset.

Conclusion
This study insisted on the persistence and potential intensity worsening of sleep disturbances in advanced stage non-small-cell lung cancer patients. The authors, hereby, reported a statistical correlation between sleep quality and humor quality in patients.
Chest ultrasound findings in pulmonary tuberculosis
Authors: Abdel-Atty Hesham , EL-Habashy Mahmoud M. , EL-Esdoudy Ahmed , Abd El-Maged Ahmed Manar S. 
Published: April 2023

Objective
The current observational study aims to identify the role of ultrasound (US) in detecting pleuropulmonary lesions in active pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) patients.

Background
Owing to the fact that US is the predominant criterion in determining major disorders, it provides quantitative data from which pleural effusions can be calculated, along with reporting lung consolidation. This process is found to be useful to increase the end-expiratory pressure.

Patients and methods
This research involved 30 patients with active pulmonary TB (sputum positive for acid-fast bacilli) by direct smear microscopy, clinical manifestation, and radiological abnormalities who were admitted to the Chest Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University Hospitals, from April 2018 to March 2019. Full assessment of history, and routine, physical, and bacteriologic examination and radiological examination were performed.

Results
Outcomes showed a statistically significant difference between the males and females in occupation, sputum, smoking, and dyspnea (P<0.001). Most importantly, 15 out of 30 patients (half of them) showed a massive effusion with clear fluid. The second most noteworthy finding was the presence of a minimal effusion in 5/30 patients. In terms of radiograph results, however, half the patients revealed massive effusion and almost the same number of patients (16/30) had comorbidities; five of them suffered from hypertension and diabetes. Nevertheless, there were no statistically significant differences between the males and females with respect to US findings (P=0.179) and radiograph findings (0.202).

Conclusion
TB appears to be highly prevalent among male patients than the female ones. However, the increased incidence of TB among males has been proven to be independent of other risk factors of TB. It can be concluded that US is an efficient and suitable method for the evaluation of different pleural diseases in TB patients. US is mostly sensitive and specific in diagnosing pleural effusions.
Comparative study between double-row suture and modified Mason-Allen suture bridge in rotator cuff repair: a prospective clinical study
Authors: Eldeeb Sherif M , Bayomy Elsayed M 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background
Rotator cuff lesions are one of the causes of shoulder pain. Surgical treatment has been increasingly indicated.

Purpose
The aim of this work is to compare the clinical outcome and tendon healing after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair either by modified Mason-Allen suture bridge technique or double-row suture stitch technique.

Patients and methods
During the period between August 2021 and July 2022, a prospective clinical study was conducted involving 20 patients with symptomatic rotator cuff tear, who underwent arthroscopic repair. These patients were managed by the modified Mason-Allen suture bridge technique and double-row suture. This study conducted in the Benha University Hospitals, Nasr City Insurance Hospital and the military production hospital.

Results
The current study revealed no statistically significant difference between groups according to demographic factors such as age, sex and side, with P value more than 0.05. There was statistically significant higher change in group A: modified Mason-Allen suture bridge compared with group B: double-row according to constant score, with P value less than 0.05 (significant).

Conclusion
This study proved that there is statistically significant difference between the modified Mason-Allen suture bridge technique versus double row in functional outcome and integrity of rotator cuff tendon healing with relative advantage to the modified Mason-Allen suture bridge technique.