bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Rab6 to Rab11 transition is required for dense-core granule and exosome biogenesis inDrosophilasecondary cells
Authors: Wells Adam , Mendes Cláudia C. , Castellanos Felix , Mountain Phoebe , Wright Tia , Wainwright S. Mark , Stefana M. Irina , Harris Adrian L. , Goberdhan Deborah C. I. , Wilson Clive 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSecretory cells in glands and the nervous system frequently package and store proteins destined for regulated secretion in dense-core granules (DCGs), which disperse when released from the cell surface. Despite the relevance of this dynamic process to diseases such as diabetes and human neurodegenerative disorders, our mechanistic understanding is relatively limited, because of the lack of good cell models to follow the nanoscale events involved. Here, we employ the prostate-like secondary cells (SCs) of theDrosophilamale accessory gland to dissect the cell biology and genetics of DCG biogenesis. These cells contain unusually enlarged DCGs, which are assembled in compartments that also form secreted nanovesicles called exosomes. We demonstrate that known conserved regulators of DCG biogenesis, including the small G-protein Arf1 and the coatomer complex AP-1, play key roles in making SC DCGs. Using real-time imaging, we find that the aggregation events driving DCG biogenesis are accompanied by a change in the membrane associated small Rab GTPases which are major regulators of membrane and protein trafficking in the secretory and endosomal systems. Indeed, a transition fromtrans-Golgi Rab6 to recycling endosomal protein Rab11, which requires conserved DCG regulators like AP-1, is essential for DCG and exosome biogenesis. Our data allow us to develop a model for DCG biogenesis that brings together several previously disparate observations concerning this process and highlights the importance of communication between the secretory and endosomal systems in controlling regulated secretion.Author summaryCells communicate with each other by releasing signalling molecules that bind receptors on target cells and alter their behaviour. Before their release, these signals are typically stored in condensed structures called dense-core granules (DCGs). DCGs are found in many animal species and their dysregulation is linked to several major human diseases, such as diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders. However, the mechanisms controlling DCG formation and secretion are only partly understood. Here we study this process in fruit flies using a secretory cell, which contains unusually large DCGs. We show that known regulators of DCG formation in mammals also control DCG production in these fly cells and identify new DCG assembly steps by following the process in living cells. Furthermore, we show that the cell’s secretory and recycling endosomal compartments must interact to induce the rapid condensation of proteins into a DCG, and that known regulators of DCG formation are needed for this crucial event to take place. Our work provides a platform from which to work out the molecular mechanisms that enable this critical secretory-endosomal interaction and probe its roles in diseases of secretion.
Exchange rate pass-through to inflation in South Africa: is there non-linearity?
Authors: Gereziher Hayelom Yrgaw , Nuru Naser Yenus 
Published: April 2023

PurposeThis paper aims to examine the asymmetric effects of exchange rate shocks on inflation for a small open economy, namely South Africa, over the period 1970Q1–2020Q1.Design/methodology/approachA threshold vector autoregressive model that allows parameters to switch according to whether a threshold variable crosses an estimated threshold is employed to address the objective of this paper. The threshold value is determined endogenously using the Hansen (1996) test. Generalized impulse responses introduced by Koop et al. (1996) are used to study the effects of exchange rate shocks on inflation depending on their size, sign and timing to the inflation cycle. The authors also employed a Cholesky decomposition identification scheme to identify exchange rate shocks in the non-linear model.FindingsThe results show that there is a non-linearity effect of the exchange rate shock on inflation. In particular, the effects of 1 or 2 standard deviations of positive (appreciation) or negative (depreciation) exchange rate shock on inflation are small in the long run but a bit larger in the high inflation regime than the low inflation regime.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to the literature on the non-linear effects of exchange rate pass-through (ERPT) to inflation for Sub-Saharan African economies in general and the South African economy in particular by incorporating the size and timing of the exchange rate shocks to the inflation cycle.
Knowledge-oriented leadership and workers' performance: do individual knowledge management engagement and empowerment matter?
Authors: Malik Mehwish , Abbas Muhammad , Imam Hassan 
Published: April 2023

PurposeDrawing upon social cognitive theory (SCT), the authors aimed to examine the relationship between supervisors' knowledge-oriented leadership (KOL) style and knowledge workers' performance. The authors further investigated the conditional indirect effects of KOL on workers' performance through knowledge management (KM) engagement at different levels of workers' empowerment.Design/methodology/approachThe authors used a time-lagged field survey and collected data from 212 knowledge workers and their 72 supervisors working in 15 knowledge-intensive firms across Pakistan.FindingsThe results showed that supervisors' KOL positively affected knowledge workers' performance both directly and through KM engagement. Similarly, the effect of KM engagement on workers' performance was stronger for those who experienced higher levels of empowerment. Finally, the indirect effects of KOL on workers' performance through KM engagement were stronger for higher levels of empowerment.Originality/valueThe study provided theoretical implications, specifically in a non-Western work context where KOL is relatively less explored. Additionally, the authors examined the concept of empowerment, using SCT, as a boundary condition, providing evidence for empowerment as a contingency factor that fosters employees' performance.
The impact of TQM and green innovation on corporate sustainability: the mediating role of green supply chain management
Authors: Makhlouf Hamdi , Chatti Nejmeddine , Lakhal Lassaad 
Published: April 2023

PurposeThis empirical study aims to investigate the direct and indirect effects among total quality management (TQM), green innovation (GI), corporate sustainability (CS) and green supply chain management (GSCM).Design/methodology/approachThe authors collected data from 120 respondents in the French manufacturing industry using survey questionnaires. The authors used the partial least squares structural equation path modeling (PLS-SEM) to examine the hypotheses of the study.FindingsResults indicate that TQM and GI influences CS, TQM and GI influences GSCM and GSCM influences CS. Furthermore, results show that GSCM mediates the influence of TQM and GI on CS.Research limitations/implicationsThis study helps managers in achieving their sustainability goals. The findings may help managers and practitioners to understand how TQM and GI influences GSCMP and CS, as well as assist manufacturers in identifying practices that need improvement.Originality/valueThis study offers additional value and shows the importance of TQM, GI and GSCM practices on corporate sustainability and the key role played by GSCMP to ensure CS.
The influence of the socioeconomic and politico-administrative environment on the extent of compliance with IPSAS in developing countries
Authors: Mnif Yosra , Gafsi Yosra 
Published: April 2023

PurposeThis paper investigates to what extent public sector entities (PSEs) in developing countries (DCs) are compliant with IPSAS and examines the impact of the socioeconomic and politico-administrative environment on this compliance during the period 2015–2018.Design/methodology/approachThis research develops a self-constructed checklist consisting of 116 disclosure items from five accrual-based IPSAS (IPSASs, 1, 2, 3, 14 and 24) and applies panel regressions for a sample of 500 entity-year observations of 125 PSEs.FindingsThe study results show a high level of disparity in the degree of compliance with IPSAS amongst DCs' governments, with an overall average level of 61%. They reveal that compliance with IPSAS is positively influenced by the level of citizen wealth, government political culture (degree of government openness) and the quality of public administration, whereas jurisdiction size, government financial condition and political competition are non-significant factors.Practical implicationsThis research provides researchers and practitioners with a comprehensive framework for understanding the extent of New Public Management reforms in DCs with a focus on International Public Sector Accounting Standards implementation. It might assist policymakers in their accounting strategies and might be a signal for DCs with low compliance to tap lessons from governments with successful experience of IPSAS adoption.Originality/valueFocusing on DCs' context, this paper brings new insights into the analysis of socioeconomic and politico-administrative incentives for government compliance with IPSAS. It is the first to investigate the impact of citizen wealth and political competition on IPSAS disclosures.
Impact of exchange rate fluctuations on US stock market returns
Authors: Bhargava Vivek , Konku Daniel 
Published: April 2023

PurposeThe authors analyze the relationship between exchange rate fluctuations of a number of major currencies and its impact on US stock market returns, as proxied by the S&P 500. Many studies have explored this topic since the early 1970s with varied results and with no evidence that clearly explains the relationship between exchange rates and stock market returns. This study takes a different look at this hypothesis and investigates the pairwise relationship between various exchange rates and the United States stock market returns (S&P 500 INDEX) from January 2000 to December 2019.Design/methodology/approachThe authors test the data for unit roots using Phillip-Perron method. They use Johansen cointegration model to determine whether returns on S&P 500 are integrated with S&P 500. They use the VAR/VECM analysis to test whether there are any interdependencies between exchange rates and stock market return. Finally, they use various GARCH models, including the EGARCH and TGARCH models, to determine whether there exist volatility spillovers from exchange rate fluctuations in various markets to the volatility in the US stock market.FindingsUsing GARCH modeling, the authors find volatility in Australian dollar, Canadian dollar and the euro impact market return, and the volatility of Australian dollars and euro spills over to the volatility of S&P 500. They also find that the spillover is asymmetric for Australian dollars.Research limitations/implicationsOne of the limitations could be that the authors use different bivariate GARCH models rather than the MV-GARCH models. For future project(s), they plan to do this analysis from the perspective of a European Union or a British investor and use returns in those markets to see the impact of exchange rates on those markets. It would be interesting to know how the relationship will change during periods of financial crises. This could be achieved by employing structural break methodology.Originality/valueMany studies have explored the relation between stock market returns and exchange rates since the early 1970s with varied results and with no evidence that clearly explains the relationship between exchange rates and stock market returns. This paper contributes by adding to the existing literature on impact of exchange rate on stock returns and by providing a detailed and different empirical analysis to support the results.
Interpretations of business continuity management in the light of COVID-19
Authors: Sawalha Ihab Hanna , Anchor John R. 
Published: April 2023

PurposeThis study aims to investigate how organizations from different sectors interpret the meaning of business continuity management (BCM) in the light of the COVID-19 pandemic.Design/methodology/approachA survey was conducted to capture the views of organizations across five different sectors. The sample consisted of ten senior managers; two from the banking sector; two from the supply chain sector (agricultural and food supply chains); two from the tourism sector; two from the services sector; and two from the higher education sector. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect the data. One manager from each sector represented a local business/enterprise and the other represented an international business/enterprise.FindingsIt was found that different organizations/businesses understood BCM differently. Therefore, a variety of interpretations have been obtained.Practical implicationsThis study sheds light on how different organizations understand BCM in times of crisis, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. By understanding the different interpretations, it becomes clearer whether or not these organizations have applicable business continuity plans in place.Originality/valueThis is the first study to investigate the different interpretations of the meaning of BCM across different business sectors. The majority of the existing studies on BCM discuss the process from the perspective of a single business or sector. The study was conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic, a period that witnessed prolonged and critical disruptions facing almost all businesses and organizations and which threatened the survival of some of them.
Human resource management in public transports: organizational typologies and research actions
Authors: Marino Alfonso , Pariso Paolo 
Published: April 2023

Purpose
Studying bus local public transport in 20 Italian provincial capitals, the present paper aims to identify organizational factors to assess different modes of service managerial steering.

Design/methodology/approach
Starting from bureaucratic theory, the paper analyzes four different modes of managerial steering in a regression model that accounts for several variables to assess the quality of Italian bus local public service transport.

Findings
The research shows that a network managerial structure performs significantly better than any other type. The 20 provincial capitals are homogeneous in relation to the variables considered. Italian bus local public transport is managed by bureaucratic public organizations. Adhocracy, as opposed to machine bureaucracy, seems to be the more effective mode of managerial steering for sector specific aspects in different capitals, despite that, network managerial structure – associated adhocracy – is used only in five capitals (main cities).

Originality/value
The paper highlights that the dichotomy between machine bureaucracy versus adhocracy shows interesting considerations related to different mode to management of Italian bus local public service transport.
Association between neighborhood socioeconomic status and mechanical thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke: A nationwide multilevel observational study
Authors: Kim Ki Hong , Ro Young Sun , Shin Sang Do , Kim Seong Jung 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectiveAcute ischemic stroke is a major health burden worldwide and mechanical thrombectomy is the treatment of choice for large‐vessel occlusion stroke. This study aimed to evaluate the association between neighborhood socioeconomic status (SES) and the likelihood of receiving mechanical thrombectomy in patients with acute ischemic stroke.MethodsA nationwide cross‐sectional study was conducted using the National Emergency Department Information System database. Patients who were diagnosed with ischemic stroke in the emergency department (ED) within 24 h of symptom onset between 2018 and 2021 were included. The neighborhood SES index was measured at the county level using property tax per capita, education level, and the proportions of single families and single‐parent households. The study population was divided into quartiles based on the neighborhood SES index. The study outcome was mechanical thrombectomy. Multilevel multivariable logistic regression was performed. An interaction analysis between mental status at the ED triage and neighborhood SES was also performed.ResultsAmong the 196,007 patients, 8968 (4.6%) underwent mechanical thrombectomy. Compared with the affluent group, the deprived‐middle and deprived groups were less likely to receive mechanical thrombectomy; the adjusted ORs (95% CIs) were 1.00 (0.92–1.09), 0.82 (0.74–0.91), and 0.82 (0.72–0.93) for the affluent‐middle, deprived‐middle, and deprived groups, respectively. Altered mental status at the ED triage strengthened the association between neighborhood SES and the likelihood of receiving mechanical thrombectomy (adjusted ORs [95% CIs] 0.85 [0.81–0.89] for the affluent‐middle to deprived‐middle group and 0.66 [0.65–0.66] for deprived groups, p‐value for interaction < 0.05).ConclusionsFor patients diagnosed with acute ischemic stroke at the ED, low neighborhood SES is associated with low odds of receiving mechanical thrombectomy. Public health strategies should be developed to resolve these disparities and to decrease the health care burden of acute ischemic stroke.
Effects of impermeable and semipermeable glove materials on resolution of inflammation and epidermal barrier impairment after experimental skin irritation
Authors: Heichel Theres , Brans Richard , John Swen M. , Nienhaus Albert , Nordheider Kathrin , Wilke Annika , Sonsmann Flora K. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundSemipermeable membranes might be suitable for glove liners or comfort gloves in individuals with irritant contact dermatitis (ICD).ObjectivesTo evaluate the effects of different glove materials on inflammation and epidermal barrier impairment after experimental skin irritation.MethodsNine test areas on the volar forearms of 24 healthy volunteers were irritated with sodium lauryl sulfate (1%) and afterward covered for 6 days (6 or 8 h/day) with semipermeable Sympatex (SYM), vinyl (OCC), combinations of vinyl with Sympatex (SYM/OCC) or cotton (COT/OCC), or left uncovered (CON). Up to day 10, measurements of transepidermal water loss (TEWL), erythema (a*), skin humidity (SH) and visual scoring (VS) were applied.ResultsNo significant differences in skin parameters were found between COT/OCC and SYM/OCC as well as between each of the combinations and CON. SYM, COT/OCC and SYM/OCC led to better results for most skin parameters than OCC alone.ConclusionsOcclusive material has a negative impact on skin barrier recovery and inflammation after skin irritation whereas SYM is not inferior to uncovered areas indicating good tolerability. Altogether, the data suggest that SYM is a useful alternative to COT as material for glove liners and comfort gloves in ICD patients.
The importance of wetland habitat area for waterbird species‐richness
Authors: Cerda‐Peña Carol , Rau Jaime R. 
Published: April 2023

The area of habitat patches is a significant factor when determining species‐richness in any given habitat. However, this area effect is not the same for every taxonomic group and can change if is considered together with other habitat variables. The main objective of this study was to identify the importance of wetland area for waterbird species‐richness when it is considered in conjunction with other habitat variables. Studies published in the Scopus and Web of Science databases in marine/coastal and inland wetlands were reviewed. A vote‐counting approach was conducted to evaluate how many studies include area as a major variable, and a meta‐analysis was performed to measure the effect size of the relationship between area and species‐richness. Area was a significant predictor of waterbird species‐richness in most of the studies (28 of 40 studies, 70%) as assessed by the vote‐counting approach, and the mean effect size was high (r = 0.81, n = 1 studies) in the meta‐analysis. Few studies reported the shape of the relationship between habitat area and species‐richness, but most reported a positive correlation. Although the species–area relationship is widely recognized, our review shows that an important proportion of studies (30%) also found that other habitat variables were significant variables when they were considered together with habitat area. Consequently, in the case of wetlands, habitat area should be considered in conservation, but not as the only measure of management and restoration if the objective is to conserve waterbird biodiversity by improving species‐richness.
Can diabetes influence fetal thymus size during pregnancy?
Authors: Sinaci Selcan , Sahin Dilek 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of the study was to evaluate fetal thymus size by sonography in diabetic pregnancies and its relationship with diabetes type.MethodsIn this prospectively designed case–control study, fetal thymus transverse diameter and circumference of the fetal thymus were measured. Also, TTR (thymic‐thoracic ratio) was assessed in 288 healthy and 105 diabetic pregnancies. Patients were divided into subgroups as diet‐controlled gestational diabetes (GDMA1, n = 40), insulin‐dependent (GDMA2, n = 42), and pregestational diabetes mellitus (PGDM, n = 23). GDM was diagnosed between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation with a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test. Measurements were compared to the healthy control group. Pairwise comparisons with Bonferroni correction determined which type of diabetes was independently associated with a small fetal thymus.ResultsAll 3 maternal diabetes categories had smaller fetal thymus size than controls (p < 0.05). TTR were lowest in PGDM (p < 0.05).ConclusionGestational diabetes is associated with smaller fetal thymus size. Pregestational diabetes may be associated with a smaller fetal thymus compared to diet‐controlled GDM. Also, the thymus size may be even smaller in those with poor blood glucose regulation.
Neoehrlichia mikurensis—An emerging opportunistic tick‐borne infection in immunosuppressed patients
Authors: Gynthersen Rosa M. M. , Stensvold Christen Rune , Nielsen Signe Ledou , Møller Holger Jon , Nielsen Henrik Vedel , Lebech Anne‐Mette , Christensen Jeppe Romme , Mens Helene , El Fassi Daniel 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundNeoehrlichia mikurensis (N. mikurensis) is a newly discovered tick‐borne pathogen that can inflict life‐threatening illness in immunocompromised patients. N. mikurensis infection is only detectable by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)‐based methodologies. We describe three distinct clinical manifestations of N. mikurensis infection (neoehrlichiosis) in Danish patients receiving B‐lymphocyte‐depleting therapy, rituximab, for underlying hematological, rheumatological, or neurological disorders. All three patients went through a protracted pre‐diagnostic period.MethodsN. mikurensis DNA was detected and confirmed using two methods. Blood was tested by specific real‐time PCR targeting the groEL gene and by 16S and 18S profiling followed by sequencing. Bone marrow was analyzed by 16S and 18S profiling.ResultsN. mikurensis was detected in blood samples in all three cases and in bone marrow from one of the three. The severity of the symptoms ranged from prolonged fever lasting more than 6 months to life‐threatening hyperinflammation in the form of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH). Interestingly, all patients presented with splenomegaly and two with hepatomegaly. After starting doxycycline therapy, symptoms were relieved within a few days, and biochemistry and organomegaly quickly normalized.ConclusionWe present three Danish patients recognized by the same clinician over a period of 6 months, strongly suggesting that many cases are going unrecognized. Second, we describe the first case of N. mikurensis‐induced HLH and emphasize the potential severity of undetected neoehrlichiosis.