bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Fluorination on Membrane‐Protein Stabilization and Extraction by Lactobionamide Detergents
Authors: Cornut Damien , Soulié Marine , Guillet Pierre , Kanayo Onyia Kenechi , Mahler Florian , Keller Sandro , Moreno Alexis , Durand Grégory 
Published: January 2025

AbstractWe report the synthesis of a series of detergents with a lactobionamide polar head group and a tail containing four to seven perfluorinated carbon atoms. Critical micellar concentrations (CMCs) were determined using isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and surface tension (SFT) measurements, showing a progressive decrease from 27 mM to about 0.2 mM across the series. While the detergent with the longest fluorinated chain exhibited poor water solubility, the other three derivatives were freely soluble. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements indicated an increase in hydrodynamic diameter with chain length, from 5 nm to 17 nm for the soluble derivatives. We evaluated these detergents for extraction and stabilization of two model membrane proteins, the human adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR) and the Bacillus subtilis multidrug resistance ABC transporter BmrA. The perfluorohexyl derivative demonstrated strong solubilization capacity, while the perfluoro‐pentyl derivative was more effective for stabilization. The lack of a clear correlation between fluoroalkyl chain length and solubilizing or stabilizing efficacy highlights the importance of screening diverse detergents for membrane‐protein studies.
Valorization of Humins by Cyclic Levulinic Acid Production Using Polyoxometalates and Formic Acid
Authors: Wassenberg André , Esser Tobias , Poller Maximilian J. , Voß Dorothea , Albert Jakob 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAt a time when increasing attention is paid to sustainability in chemistry, levulinic acid (LA) is one of the most important platform chemicals for the goal of overcoming our dependence on fossil raw materials. However, a so far limiting obstacle on the way to efficient LA production from biomass is the formation of undesirable humin byproducts. In this work, a new catalytic route for the effective utilization of these humin byproducts, enabling a cyclic synthesis of LA using formic acid (FA) as organocatalyst is proposed. Selective catalytic oxidation (SCO) of humins using the H5PV2Mo10O40 (HPA‐2) polyoxometalate (POM) catalyst produces FA that can be isolated from the aqueous reaction mixture by using nanofiltration membranes accompanied by a complete catalyst recycling (>99 %). After concentration of FA by distillation, the latter can be used as organocatalyst for LA production from sugars, whereby the formed humins can in turn be separated and used as substrates for further FA production via SCO to close the catalytic cycle. By using FA as a green and sustainable acidic organocatalyst, relatively high yields of LA (up to 42 mol %) could be achieved. In the future this can potentially lead to the creation of a closed cycle for an environmentally friendly and efficient production of green LA without undesired humin formation.
Analysis of No‐Load Normal Vibration in Single‐Sided Permanent Magnet Synchronous Linear Motors With Different End Structures
Authors: Wang Haoran , Huang Lei , Liu Xiaomei 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis paper investigates the no‐load normal vibrations of single‐sided permanent magnet synchronous linear motors (S‐PMSLMs) with different end structures, addressing a significant gap in the current literature. By employing the Maxwell stress tensor method, analyzes the harmonic orders and frequencies of the no‐load normal force density are analyzed. Comparative research between the comb‐type auxiliary tooth (CTAT) and conventional auxiliary tooth (C‐AT) structures indicates that while the CTAT marginally increases the amplitude of the no‐load normal force density, it significantly reduces harmonic amplitudes and vibration levels. The theoretical and simulation analyses are validated through no‐load vibration experiments, providing valuable insights for the design optimization of S‐PMSLMs, particularly beneficial for high‐speed transportation systems that require high precision and reliability.
Single‐cell RNA‐sequencing and spatial transcriptomic analysis reveal a distinct population of APOE− cells yielding pathological lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid cancer
Authors: Xiao Guohui , Xie Rongli , Gu Jianhua , Huang Yishu , Ding Min , Shen Dongjie , Yan Jiqi , Yuan Jianming , Yang Qiong , He Wen , Xiao Siyu , Chen Haizhen , Xu Dan , Wu Jian , Fei Jian 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundThyroid cancer is one of the most common endocrine tumors worldwide, especially among women and the metastatic mechanism of papillary thyroid carcinoma remains poorly understood.MethodsThyroid cancer tissue samples were obtained for single‐cell RNA‐sequencing and spatial transcriptomics, aiming to intratumoral and antimetastatic heterogeneity of advanced PTC. The functions of APOE in PTC cell proliferation and invasion were confirmed through in vivo and in vitro assays. Pseudotime analysis and CellChat were performed to explore the the molecular mechanisms of the APOE in PTC progression.ResultsWe identified a subpopulation of tumor cells with lower expression levels of APOE, associated with advanced stages of PTC and cervical metastasis. APOE overexpression significantly reduced tumor cell proliferation and invasion, both in vitro and in vivo, by activating the ABCA1‐LXR axis. APOE− tumor cells may promote tumor growth by interacting with dendritic cells and CD4+ T cells via CD99‐ rather than CD6‐regulated signaling. We established a machine learning‐based scRNA‐seq data, 13‐gene signature predictive of lymph node metastasis.ConclusionsWe identified a distinct APOE− tumor cell population associated with cervical metastasis and poor prognosis. Our results and models have potential clinical, prognostic, and therapeutic implications for advanced PTC.Key points
A subpopulation of tumor cells with lower expression levels of APOE was strongly associated with more advanced stages and metastasis of PTC.
APOE‐negative (APOE−) cellsoverall exhibited weaker interactions with immune cells.
A machine‐learning bioinformatics model based on scRNA‐seq data of in‐situ thyroid cancer tissue was established to predict lymph node metastasis.
Early Postpartum Metabolic Heterogeneity Among Women Who Progressed to Type 2 Diabetes After Gestational Diabetes: A Prospective Cohort
Authors: Khan Saifur R. , Van Julie A. D. , Xiangyu Zhang , Alexeeff Stacey E. , Razani Babak , Wheeler Michael B. , Gunderson Erica P. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAimsGestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) poses a significant risk for developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) and exhibits heterogeneity. However, understanding the link between different types of post‐GDM individuals without diabetes and their progression to T2D is crucial to advance personalised medicine approaches.Materials and MethodsWe employed a discovery‐based unsupervised machine learning clustering method to generate clustering models for analysing metabolomics, clinical, and biochemical datasets. For this analysis, we selected 225 women who later developed T2D during the 12‐year follow‐up period from the cohort of 1010 women who returned to a non‐diabetic state at 6–9 weeks (study baseline) after a GDM pregnancy based on 2‐h 75 g research OGTTs. The optimal model was selected by assessing Bayesian Information Criterion values, class separation performance, and the potential for clinically distinguishable clusters, accounting for participant prenatal and early postpartum characteristics.ResultsThe selected model comprises three clusters: pancreatic beta cell dysfunction (cluster‐β: median HOMA‐B 161.3 and median HOMA‐IR 3.8), insulin‐resistance (cluster‐IR: median HOMA‐B 630.5 and median HOMA‐IR 16.8), and a mixed cluster (cluster‐mixed: median HOMA‐B 307.2 and median HOMA‐IR 8.6). These clusters are distinguishable based on postpartum blood test parameters such as glucose tolerance, HOMA indices, and fasting lipid profiles including triglycerides, leptin, HDL‐c, and adiponectin, as well as participant age and BMI. Metabolomic analysis identified unique molecular signatures for each cluster. However, the time to T2D onset was not statistically significant among the three clusters (p = 0.22).ConclusionThis study enhances our understanding of the heterogeneity of early postpartum metabolic profiles that characterise the future onset of T2D diabetes in a diverse cohort of women with GDM, revealing insights into distinct mechanisms and personalised intervention strategies for the prevention of T2D.
Rethinking Conservation and Restoration Strategies of Endangered and Key Medicinal Clavicarpa Plants in Yunnan‐Kweichow Plateau's Karst Areas Under Climate Change
Authors: Luo Chao , He Baiyang , Wu Yulu , Xue Yuteng , Deng Huang , Li Shanman , Dong Xianghong , Lu Litang 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe Clavicarpa species, valued for their pharmaceutical, ornamental, and economic importance, exhibit notable rarity and endemism in the Karst areas of the Yunnan‐Kweichow Plateau in China. These species face significant threats from habitat loss and fragmentation, leading to a decline in biodiversity. To mitigate these threats, the Maxent algorithm was employed to analyze current and future distribution patterns, with a particular focus on the influence of climate variables in predicting potential distribution shifts and assessing extinction risks under the optimistic SSP1‐2.6 and the pessimistic SSP5‐8.5 socioeconomic scenarios. The EC‐Earth3‐Veg, MRI‐ESM2‐0, and MPI‐ESM1‐2‐HR models were utilized for conservation status assessment and project future distributions for four time periods: the present, 2030s, 2050s, and 2070s. The minimum temperature during the coldest month (Bio 6) was identified as the most critical environmental factor, influencing both habitat contraction and expansion. Our modeling indicates that regions such as South, Central, and East China, particularly areas east of the Aihui‐Tengchong line and south of the Yangtze River, exhibit the highest suitability for Clavicarpa species within the geographical coordinates of 18° N–45° N and 97° E–120° E. Conversely, climate change projections suggest a habitat expansion for Impatiens claviger, Impatiens tubulosa, Impatiens pritzelii, and Impatiens apalophylla, while Impatiens guizhouensis and Impatiens wilsonii face increased extinction risks. Specifically, I. claviger, I. tubulosa, and I. apalophylla are expected to shift northward, necessitating potential relocation to southern regions, while I. guizhouensis and I. wilsonii are projected to experience habitat losses of over 23.94% and 9.13%, respectively. Our research provides a robust scientific foundation for the conservation and sustainable utilization of these important pharmaceutical species and offers a framework for effective biodiversity management. We recommend using protected areas as a basis for the future conservation, breeding, cultivation, and utilization of Clavicarpa species.
Repeated Successful Nest Sharing and Cooperation Between Western Kingbirds (Tyrannus verticalis) and a Female Western Kingbird × Scissor‐Tailed Flycatcher (T. forficatus) Hybrid
Authors: Worm Alexander J. , Donahue Emily R. , Boves Than J. , Sweet Andrew D. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTNest sharing by birds, or the phenomenon where multiple individuals of different species contribute genetically and parentally to offspring in a single nest, is a rare form of cooperative breeding that has only occasionally been reported in socially monogamous birds. Here we describe, both behaviorally and genetically, the unique case of two female birds, a western kingbird (Tyrannus verticalis) and a western kingbird × scissor‐tailed flycatcher (T. forficatus) hybrid, simultaneously occupying (and likely co‐incubating eggs in) a single nest. Both females provisioned nestlings, and they did this in two consecutive years (producing four fledglings each year). Genomic data from the females revealed that they were unrelated, and parentage analyses revealed that both females contributed genetically to at least one of the offspring, and at least two fathers were involved. These observations represent the first reported case of nest sharing involving a hybrid individual and the first case within the family Tyrannidae.
Novel Bat‐Monitoring Dataset Reveals Targeted Foraging With Agricultural and Pest Control Implications
Authors: Lee Brian , Sambado Samantha , Farrant D. Nākoa , Boser Anna , Ring Kacie , Hyon David , Larsen Ashley E. , MacDonald Andrew J. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTQuantifying ecosystem services provided by mobile species like insectivorous bats remains a challenge, particularly in understanding where and how these services vary over space and time. Bats are known to offer valuable ecosystem services, such as mitigating insect pest damage to crops, reducing pesticide use, and reducing nuisance pest populations. However, determining where bats forage is difficult to monitor. In this study, we use a weather‐radar‐based bat‐monitoring algorithm to estimate bat foraging distributions during the peak season of 2019 in California's Northern Central Valley. This region is characterized by valuable agricultural crops and significant populations of both crop and nuisance pests, including midges, moths, mosquitos, and flies. Our results show that bat activity is high but unevenly distributed, with rice fields experiencing significantly elevated activity compared to other land cover types. Specifically, bat activity over rice fields is 1.5 times higher than over any other land cover class and nearly double that of any other agricultural land cover. While irrigated rice fields may provide abundant prey, wetland and water areas showed less than half the bat activity per hectare compared to rice fields. Controlling for land cover type, we found bat activity significantly associated with higher flying insect abundance, indicating that bats forage in areas where crop and nuisance pests are likely to be found. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of radar‐based bat monitoring in identifying where and when bats provide ecosystem services.
Demographic rates and diversity vary with tree stature and ontogenetic stage in an African tropical rainforest
Authors: Libalah Moses B. , Russo Sabrina E. , Chuyong George B. , Thomas Duncan , Kenfack David 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe vertical gradient of light in closed‐canopy forests selects for trees with different adult statures, but our understanding of how stature affects forest diversity and demography is unclear. In a species‐rich rainforest in Cameroon, we quantified the contributions of four growth forms of increasing adult stature (treelet, understory, canopy, emergent species) to forest structure and diversity, and investigated variation in life history trade‐offs across growth forms. Treelets had the highest stem density, contributed the most to forest diversity, and diverged from larger statured species in terms of demographic trade‐offs. Growth rates were slower for smaller statured than for larger statured species, and at the adult stage, treelets had significantly lower mortality than other growth forms. We observed significant interspecific trade‐off relationships between staure and demographic rates that often differed between growth forms. Recruitment rate strongly declined with adult stature for all growth forms, but recruitment per reproductive adult declined only for emergents. While we observed a significant growth‐mortality trade‐off across all species, the trade‐off was similar across growth forms. Smaller statured species in our study are not light‐demanding but rather treelet and understory species that live entirely in the shaded understory. Differences in how historical biogeography has shaped species pools may ultimately cause variation in how adult stature contributes to tropical forest diversity.
A Colorado Front Range grassland exhibits decreasing dominance of cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum) over time
Authors: Prevéy Janet S. , Seastedt Timothy R. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractCauses, consequences, and potentials for recovery from invasions by the invasive annual grass, cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum), in western North America have been extensively documented. The vast majority of these studies have come from regions where yearly precipitation is dominated by “winter‐wet” patterns, but this species has also demonstrated its ability to invade plant communities in “spring/summer‐wet” areas as well. In grasslands of the Front Range of Colorado, a region experiencing a “spring/summer‐wet” precipitation pattern, cheatgrass can exploit early‐season soil moisture, but moderate rainfall continues into the growing season beyond the time of cheatgrass senescence. In this study, we measured how cheatgrass dominance changed over a 13‐year interval in a disturbed meadow along the Front Range of Colorado with a “spring/summer‐wet” precipitation pattern. Cheatgrass cover declined in absolute abundance by about 50% while total vegetation cover increased over this time period. The site was neither grazed nor burned during this interval. A “spring/summer‐wet” precipitation pattern with high interannual variation in amounts occurred during the study, but no relationships between the seasonality or amounts of precipitation and the directional decline in cheatgrass abundance were observed. Rainout shelter manipulations showed that the seasonality of precipitation influenced cheatgrass abundance, with winter drought treatments reducing cheatgrass cover relative to plots that experienced summer drought treatments. The cheatgrass decline corresponded with a lesser decline in native grass cover and no change in native forb cover, while the abundance of non‐native perennial grasses and forb species increased over the study interval. Although cheatgrass can invade communities across broad climatic gradients following disturbance, results from this study show that the persistence of cheatgrass within invaded areas may depend on the seasonality of precipitation and plant communities that vary across these gradients.
The ADESTE trial: A phase 2 study of enibarcimab, a monoclonal antibody targeting adrenomedullin, in acute heart failure
Authors: Hartopo Anggoro Budi , Achyar Arinal Chairul , Bagaswoto Hendry Purnasidha , Saputra Firandi , Mumpuni Hasanah , Kusumastuti Dyah Adhi , Triyono Teguh , Sukorini Usi , Puspitasari Metalia , Setianto Budi Yuli , Rohman Mohammad Saifur , Anshory Muhammad , Waranugraha Yoga , Kamila Putri Annisa , Iskandar Agustin , Susianti Hani , Bergman Andreas , Knothe Claudia , Antonini Paola , Di Somma Salvatore 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAimsThis study aimed to conduct a phase 2 proof‐of‐concept and safety study to evaluate the effect of ENIBARCIMAB (EN), a non‐neutralizing humanized monoclonal antibody targeting the N‐terminus of adrenomedullin (ADM), administered immediately after stabilization with standard of care (SoC) treatment, in patients hospitalized for acute heart failure (AHF).Methods and resultsThis prospective, open‐label, controlled, interventional, multicenter, dose‐escalation study was conducted at two cardiology sites in Indonesia. Patients were divided into two interventional groups sequentially receiving 0.5 mg/kg (SoC + EN 0.5 mg/kg, n = 10; first cohort) and 2 mg/kg (SoC + EN 2 mg/kg, n = 10; second cohort) of EN via 1‐h intravenous (IV) infusion within 48 h after admission for AHF. The control group (n = 10) was treated with SoC therapy for AHF therapy. All patients were monitored continuously within 24 h post‐infusion and subsequent daily until discharge. Treatment‐related serious adverse events (SAEs) were recorded during hospitalization and up to 90 days after discharge. Both EN dosages were well‐tolerated, and no significant safety issues were identified during hospitalization and up to 90 days of follow up. SAEs occurred in 10% of patients in each EN group but were deemed not related to treatment. No significant differences in the occurrence of SAEs were found between the groups. Five deaths occurred: three (30%) in the control group as compared with two deaths (20%) in the SoC + EN 2 mg/kg group. EN led to a significant increase in plasma bio‐ADM levels within 24 h post‐infusion, with the SoC + 2 mg/kg group showing the highest increase. Within 1 h from IV EN infusion, SoC + EN 2 mg/kg compared with 0.5 mg/kg, resulted in a significant percentage reduction in systolic, diastolic blood pressure, and mean arterial pressure. However, it did not result in severe hypotension and the need for drug discontinuation.ConclusionsIn this pilot safety study of patients hospitalized for AHF, IV infusion of EN 0.5 and 2 mg/kg increased circulating plasma bio‐ADM levels and was well‐tolerated without treatment‐related SAEs occurring during hospitalization and up to 90 days after discharge.
Transcatheter edge‐to‐edge repair in severe mitral regurgitation following acute myocardial infarction – aetiology‐based analysis
Authors: Haberman Dan , Estévez‐Loureiro Rodrigo , Czarnecki Andrew , Melillo Francesco , Adamo Marianna , Villablanca Pedro , Sudarsky Doron , Praz Fabien , Perl Leor , Freixa Xavier , Scotti Andrea , Fefer Paul , Spargias Konstantinos , Fam Neil , Manevich Lisa , Masiero Giulia , Nombela‐Franco Luis , Pascual Isaac , Crimi Gabriele , Ninios Vlasis , Beeri Ronen , Benito‐Gonzalez Tomas , Arzamendi Dabit , Fernández‐Peregrina Estefanıa , Giannini Francesco , Mangieri Antonio , Poles Lion , George Jacob , Echarte Morales Julio Cesar , Caneiro‐Queija Berenice , Denti Paolo , Schiavi Davide , Latib Azeem , Chrissoheris Michael , Danenberg Haim , Tarantini Giuseppe , Dvir Danny , Maisano Francesco , Taramasso Maurizio , Shuvy Mony 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAimsTo evaluate the association between transcatheter edge‐to‐edge repair (TEER) and outcomes in patients with significant mitral regurgitation (MR) following acute myocardial infarction (MI), focusing on the aetiology of acute post‐MI MR in high‐risk surgical patients.Methods and resultsThe International Registry of MitraClip in Acute Mitral Regurgitation following Acute Myocardial Infarction (IREMMI) includes 187 patients with severe MR post‐MI managed with TEER. Of these, 176 were included in the analysis, 23 (13%) patients had acute papillary muscle rupture (PMR) and 153 (87%) acute secondary MR. The mean age was 70 ± 10 years and 41% were female. PMR patients had fewer cardiovascular risk factors: hypertension (52% vs. 73%, p = 0.04), diabetes (26% vs. 48%, p < 0.01) but a higher left ventricular ejection fraction (45±  15% vs.35±  10%, p < 0.01) compared secondary MR patients. PMR patients were more likely to present in cardiogenic shock (91% vs. 51%, p = 0.001), require mechanical circulatory support (74% vs. 34%, p = 0.01), and had a higher EuroSCORE II (23±  13% vs. 13±  11%, p = 0.011). The median time from MI to TEER was shorter in PMR (6 days) versus secondary MR (20 days) (p < 0.01). Procedural success was similar (87% vs. 92%, p = 0.49) with comparable MR grade reduction. However, PMR patients had significantly higher in‐hospital mortality rates (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 3.05, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.15–8.12, p = 0.02), 30‐day mortality rates (unadjusted OR 3.99, 95% CI 1.42–11.26, p = 0.01) and a higher rate of conversion to surgical mitral valve replacement (22% vs. 3%, p < 0.01) (unadjusted OR 8.17, 95% CI 2.15–30.96, p < 0.001). Aetiology of MR, cardiogenic shock, and procedure timing significantly impacted in‐hospital mortality. After adjusting for EuroSCORE II and cardiogenic shock, MR aetiology remained the strongest predictor (adjusted OR 6.71; 95% CI 2.06–21.86, p < 0.01).ConclusionTranscatheter edge‐to‐edge repair may be considered a salvage or bridge procedure in decompensated post‐MI MR patients of both aetiologies; however, patients with PMR have a higher risk of mortality and conversion to surgery.