bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microstructure, magnetic, and power loss characteristics of low‐sintered NiCuZn ferrites with La2O3‐Bi2O3 additives
Authors: Huo Xingyu , Xu Liming , Zhang Yuan , Liang Ji , Jing Yulan , Su Hua 
Published: July 2023

AbstractLow‐temperature‐sintered Ni0.5Cu0.125Zn0.375Fe1.98O4 ferrites co‐added with x wt% (x = 0.00‐0.25 wt%) La2O3 and 0.25 wt% Bi2O3 were successfully prepared via conventional solid‐phase reaction method. The phase composition, microstructure, magnetic properties, and especially power loss variation of the samples were systematically studied. The results showed that all samples possessed a single spinel phase structure at a sintering temperature of 900°C, exhibiting high degree of densification and uniform grains. The appropriate amount of La2O3 additive improved the saturation flux density and permeability of NiCuZn ferrites, simultaneously reducing the coercivity and power loss. The maximum permeability and the lowest power loss were achieved at x = 0.15 wt%. The corresponding sample had the homogeneous microstructure and excellent magnetic properties, being a promising low‐temperature co‐fired ferrite candidate for magnetic power components.
Stepwise dissolution of silica surface in alkaline solution revealed by molecular modeling
Authors: Sun Ming , Gao Xiaojian , Zhang Zhe , Zou Chaoying , Xin Dabo , Geng Guoqing 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe atomic scale solid–liquid interfacial process dominates the macro‐dissolution of silica, yet its direct experimental observation is challenging. Here we employed the reactive molecular dynamics to model this process in alkaline condition. An elevated temperature strategy under canonical ensemble (NVT) was applied to accelerate the process for sufficient sampling at temporal domain. A stepwise transformation from fully linked SiO4 network (Q3 and Q4) to reduced linkage and eventually aqueous species (Q0) was revealed. The simulated dissolution rate agrees well with the value predicted by empirical model. By tracing hydrogen atoms, we found that the dehydroxylated silica surfaces in alkaline electrolyte solutions underwent a transition from Si–O–Si bond cleavage‐dominated (mainly reacted with OH−) to hydroxylation‐dominated surface reactions. The free‐energy reconstruction of well‐tempered metadynamics reveals that 1500 K accelerates dissolution without altering the reaction pathways. These findings offer novel insights into the evolution of atomic‐scale surface configurations during the dissolution kinetics of silica.
Synthesis of SiAlON‐type compounds by carbothermal reduction and nitridation of nanoparticulate geopolymers
Authors: Bagci Cengiz , Hulbert Benjamin S. , Yang Qun , Kriven Waltraud M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractVarious types of SiAlON compounds were synthesized by heating of carbon‐mixed, geopolymer compositions of M2O•Al2O3•4.5SiO2•12H2O + 9C. A fixed molar ratio of carbon to silica of 2 and charge‐balancing cations Na+, K+, or Cs+ were used to prepare the geopolymer‐carbon precursor resins. After curing, the precursors were ground to powders and then fired at 1400 to 1600°C for 2 h under flowing nitrogen. In contrast to previous studies, powdered forms of the precursors and moderate carbon ratios were used in these syntheses. X‐ray diffraction results indicated that phase‐pure β‐ or O‐SiAlON powders were synthesized, in the case of potassium at 1400 or 1500°C (for β‐SiAlON) and sodium cations at 1400°C (for O‐SiAlON), respectively. In the cases of cesium, high purity β‐SiAlON with some corundum and pollucite were synthesized. Furthermore, depending on the cation type and temperatures, tailored compositions of SiAlON or other compounds (mainly Al2O3) were formed by other reactions between precursors in this systematic study.
Deep gray matters iron deposition is positively associated with white matter hyperintensity in hypertension
Authors: Su Yu , Wu Wenjun , Qin Ziji , Li Chungao , Zhao Jie , Kang Jiamin , Wang Youzhi , Zheng Chuansheng , Haacke Ewart Mark , Wang Lixia 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe association and underlying mechanisms between iron deposition and white matter hyperintensity (WMH) remain unclear. In this study, quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) was used to quantify deep gray matters iron deposition and to explore the association from both global and regional perspectives. A total of 84 patients with hypertension and 26 healthy controls underwent a strategically acquired gradient echo (STAGE) protocol, and the multi‐echo data were used to reconstruct QSM images. The susceptibilities were used to describe iron content. Global region (RI) susceptibilities were measured in regions of interest, and age‐related thresholds were used to determine high‐iron content region (RII) susceptibilities. Compared with healthy controls, hypertension had higher total WMH scores and regional scores (all p = .001) and higher susceptibilities using the RI or RII analysis (all p < .05). In healthy controls, there was no significant association between susceptibilities and WMH scores. In hypertension, the susceptibilities of deep gray matters were positively correlated with WMH scores (RI analysis: right putamen; RII analysis: bilateral caudate nucleus head, putamen, red nucleus, substantia nigra, and dentate nucleus; age and education corrected p < .05). These findings suggest that iron deposition in deep gray matters was positively associated with WMH in hypertension, especially using the RII analysis.
Astragaloside IV ameliorates peritoneal fibrosis by promoting PGC‐1α to reduce apoptosis in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Xie Mingxia , Xia Bohou , Xiao Lan , Yang Dun , Li Zhenghong , Wang Hanqing , Wang Xiaoye , Zhang Xi , Peng Qinghua 
Published: July 2023

AbstractProlonged exposure of the peritoneum to high glucose dialysate leads to the development of peritoneal fibrosis (PF), and apoptosis of peritoneal mesothelial cells (PMCs) is a major cause of PF. The aim of this study is to investigate whether Astragaloside IV could protect PMCs from apoptosis and alleviate PF. PMCs and rats PF models were induced by high glucose peritoneal fluid. We examined the pathology of rat peritoneal tissue by HE staining, the thickness of rat peritoneal tissue by Masson's staining, the number of mitochondria and oxidative stress levels in peritoneal tissue by JC‐1 and DHE fluorescence staining, and mitochondria‐related proteins and apoptosis‐related proteins such as PGC‐1α, NRF1, TFAM, Caspase3, Bcl2 smad2 were measured. We used hoechst staining and flow cytometry to assess the apoptotic rate of PMCs in the PF model, and further validated the observed changes in the expressions of PGC‐1α, NRF1, TFAM, Caspase3, Bcl2 smad2 in PMCs. We further incubated PMCs with MG‐132 (proteasome inhibitor) and Cyclohexylamine (protein synthesis inhibitor). The results demonstrated that Astragaloside IV increased the expression of PGC‐1α by reducing the ubiquitination of PGC‐1α. It was further found that the protective effects of Astragaloside IV on PMCs were blocked when PGC‐1α was inhibited. In conclusion, Astragaloside IV effectively alleviated PF both in vitro and in vivo, possibly by promoting PGC‐1α to enhance mitochondrial synthesis to reduce apoptotic effects.
3D reconstructionof the bronchial tree of the Gray short‐tailed opossum (Monodelphis domestica) in the postnatal period
Authors: Ferner Kirsten , Mahlow Kristin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRecent didelphid marsupials resemble the assumed mammalian ancestor and are suitable to inform on the evolution of the mammalian lung. This study uses X‐ray computed tomography (μCT) to three‐dimensionally reconstruct the bronchial tree of the marsupial Gray short‐tailed opossum (Monodelphis domestica) in order to reveal the timeline of morphogenesis during the postnatal period. The development of the bronchial tree was examined in 37 animals from embryonic day 13, during the postnatal period (neonate to 57 days) and in adults. The first appearance and the branching of lobar, segmental and sub‐segmental bronchioles in the lungs were documented. Based on the reconstructions, the generation of end‐branching airways, the median and maximum generation and the number of branches were calculated for each pulmonary lobe. At birth, the lung ofM. domesticahas a primitive appearance since it consists of a simple system of branching airways that end in a number of terminal air spaces, lobar bronchioles, and first segmental bronchioles are present. During the postnatal period, the volumes of the lung and bronchial tree steadily increase and development, differentiation, and expansion of the bronchial tree takes place. By 14 days, the fundamental bronchial tree consisting of lobar, segmental, and sub‐segmental bronchioles has been established. A mature bronchial tree, including respiratory bronchioles and alveolar ducts is present by day 35. The asymmetry of the right (predominately four lobes) and the left lung (predominately two lobes), as present inM. domestica, can be considered as plesiomorphic for Mammalia. In marsupials, the process of branching morphogenesis, which takes place intrauterine in the placental fetus, is shifted to the postnatal period, but follows similar patterns as described in placentals. Lung maturation in general and the branching morphogenesis in particular seems to be highly conservative within mammalian evolution.
Stimulus control for insomnia: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Jansson‐Fröjmark Markus , Nordenstam Lisa , Alfonsson Sven , Bohman Benjamin , Rozental Alexander , Norell‐Clarke Annika 
Published: July 2023

SummaryStimulus control (SC) is commonly viewed as an evidence‐based treatment for insomnia, but it has not been evaluated comprehensively with modern review and meta‐analytic techniques. The aim of the current study was thus to perform a systematic review and meta‐analysis of trials that examine the efficacy of stimulus control for insomnia. A systematic search for eligible articles and dissertations was conducted in six online bibliographic databases. The 11 included studies, with the majority published between 1978 and 1998, were randomised controlled and experimental studies in adults, comparing stimulus control for insomnia with passive and active comparators and assessing insomnia symptoms as outcomes. A random effects model was used to determine the standardised mean difference Hedge's g at post‐treatment and follow‐up for three sleep diary measures: the number of awakenings, sleep onset latency, and total sleep time. A test for heterogeneity was conducted, forest plots were produced, the risk of publication bias was estimated, and the study quality was assessed. In the trials identified, stimulus control resulted in small to large improvements on sleep onset latency and total sleep time, relative to passive comparators (g = 0.38–0.85). Compared with active comparators, the improvements following stimulus control were negligible (g = 0.06–0.30). Although methodological uncertainties were observed in the included trials, stimulus control appears to be an efficacious treatment for insomnia when compared with passive comparators and with similar effects to active comparators. More robust studies are, however, warranted before stronger conclusions are possible to infer.
Skin problems associated with using of personal protective equipment inCOVID‐19 intensive care units
Authors: Altin Leyla , Akbiyik Ayşe 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundHealth care workers, who worked intensively during the COVID‐19 pandemic, faced some problems, including skin problems, due to the personal protective equipment (PPE) they used to control the spread of infection.AimsThis study aimed to identify the skin problems because of using PPE by nurses during the delivery of health care in three COVID‐19 intensive care units (ICUs) within one hospital service.Study designThe study was designed as a cross‐sectional survey. The study was conducted with nurses working in three intensive care units in the metropolitan districts of Ankara, Turkey. The data were collected online with a questionnaire developed by the researchers between December 2021 and June 2022.ResultsIn this study, 82/120 (68.33%) nurses responded to the questionnaire at least once during the distribution period. The mean of the duration of PPE utilization per each time including goggles, N95 mask, bonnet, face‐shield, gloves, boots/shoe covers and coverall was 3.76 ± 1.36 h. The proportion of nurses who experienced any skin problem related to any PPE at least two or more was 74/82 (90.24%). The proportion of pressure sores, acne, skin reaction including allergic dermatitis or contact urticaria, and regional pain varied between 4.9% and 79.3%. The proportion of nurses who applied any protective application to prevent skin problems was 53.66%. Among the protective applications, pressure‐reducing surfaces were used the most. The use of protective applications for goggles (p = .010), bonnet (p = .000) and face shield (p = .000) effectively reduced PPE‐related skin problems.ConclusionDuring the pandemic, nurses faced a wide variety of skin problems because of PPEs. It may be beneficial to design a study programme that reduces the duration of PPEs use in clinics. In addition, there is a need for effective protective applications to prevent skin problems and new development of PPE that do not cause skin problems.Relevance to clinical practiceIn the pandemic, skin problems have developed because of the use of PPE in nurses who provide health care, intensively. These problems, which were not seen as a priority in the pandemic, may adversely affect the health of nurses, their performance in the treatment and care process and their work quality.
Leukemoid reaction in minocycline‐induced drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome: A brief report
Authors: Shea Moira , Weese Kaylan , Dhossche Julie 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDrug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome is an idiosyncratic drug reaction hallmarked by cutaneous eruption, fever, lymphadenopathy, multiorgan involvement, and hematological abnormalities, most often eosinophilia and atypical lymphocytosis. Leukemoid reactions have rarely been described in DRESS syndrome and here we describe a 16‐year‐old male who was admitted to the hospital with DRESS syndrome due to minocycline, who had a severe leukocytosis up to 52.08 K/μL. He improved with cessation of minocycline and initiation of systemic steroids. We report this case to add to the literature on hematological abnormalities in pediatric DRESS syndrome.
Cerebellar EEG source localization reveals age‐related compensatory activity moderated by genetic risk for Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Paitel Elizabeth R. , Nielson Kristy A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe apolipoprotein‐E (APOE) ε4 allele is the greatest genetic risk factor for late‐onset Alzheimer's disease (AD), but alone it is not sufficiently predictive. Because neuropathological changes associated with AD begin decades before cognitive symptoms, neuroimaging of healthy, cognitively intact ε4 carriers (ε4+) may enable early characterization of patterns associated with risk for future decline. Research in the cerebral cortex highlights a period of compensatory recruitment in elders and ε4+, which serves to maintain cognitive functioning. Yet, AD‐related changes may occur even earlier in the cerebellum. Advances in electroencephalography (EEG) source localization now allow effective modeling of cerebellar activity. Importantly, healthy aging and AD are associated with declines in both cerebellar functions and executive functioning (EF). However, it is not known whether cerebellar activity can detect pre‐symptomatic AD risk. Thus, the current study analyzed cerebellar EEG source localization during an EF‐dependent stop‐signal task (i.e., inhibitory control) in healthy, intact older adults (Mage = 80 years; 20 ε4+, 25 ε4−). Task performance was comparable between groups. Older age predicted greater activity in left crus II and lobule VIIb during the P300 window (i.e., performance evaluation), consistent with age‐related compensation. Age*ε4 moderations specifically showed that compensatory patterns were evident only in ε4−, suggesting that cerebellar compensatory resources may already be depleted in healthy ε4+ elders. Thus, the posterolateral cerebellum is sensitive to AD‐related neural deficits in healthy elders. Characterization of these patterns may be essential for the earliest possible detection of AD risk, which would enable critical early intervention prior to symptom onset.
The oscillatory fingerprints of self‐prioritization: Novel markers in spectral EEG for self‐relevant processing
Authors: Haciahmet Céline C. , Golubickis Marius , Schäfer Sarah , Frings Christian , Pastötter Bernhard 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSelf‐prioritization is a very influential modulator of human information processing. Still, little is known about the time‐frequency dynamics of the self‐prioritization network. In this EEG study, we used the familiarity‐confound free matching task to investigate the spectral dynamics of self‐prioritization and their underlying cognitive functions in a drift‐diffusion model. Participants (N = 40) repeatedly associated arbitrary geometric shapes with either “the self” or “a stranger.” Behavioral results demonstrated prominent self‐prioritization effects (SPEs) in reaction time and accuracy. Remarkably, EEG cluster analysis also revealed two significant SPEs, one in delta/theta power (2–7 Hz) and one in beta power (19–29 Hz). Drift‐diffusion modeling indicated that beta activity was associated with evidence accumulation, whereas delta/theta activity was associated with response selection. The decreased beta suppression of the SPE might indicate more efficient sensorimotor processing of self‐associated stimulus–response features, whereas the increased delta/theta SPE might refer to the facilitated retrieval of self‐relevant features across a widely distributed associative self‐network. These novel oscillatory biomarkers of self‐prioritization indicate their function as an associative glue for the self‐concept.
Computer‐assisted surgery for placing toggle constructs across the coxofemoral joints of small equids using a minimally invasive approach–A proof‐of‐concept cadaveric study
Authors: Claeys Ines , Van der Vekens Elke , Kümmerle Jan , de Preux Mathieu , Koch Christoph 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo develop a minimally invasive technique for placing a toggle construct across the coxofemoral joint of small equids using computer‐assisted surgery.Study designExperimental cadaveric study.Sample populationThree pilot specimens: One donkey, one Shetland pony and one Warmblood foal. Six main study specimens: Three Shetland ponies, one American Miniature Horse, one Warmblood foal and one donkey.MethodsExperimental surgeries were performed on both coxofemoral joints of each cadaver. Using a minimally invasive surgical approach, 5.5 mm bone canals were drilled through the femur and acetabulum, traversing the coxofemoral joint. Intraoperative guidance was provided by a cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT)‐coupled surgical navigation system. A toggle construct was introduced through the bone canals. Surgical accuracy aberrations (SAA) were measured at the femoral entry and exit points and at the acetabular entry point on merged pre‐ and postoperative CBCT scans. The coxofemoral joint was assessed for articular cartilage damage by gross dissection.ResultsA toggle construct was placed across all 18 coxofemoral joints. The overall median SAA in the main study was 2.8 mm (range: 0.4–8.0 mm). No cartilage damage was found in the cadaveric specimens of the main study.ConclusionThe described technique allowed for the placement of a toggle construct across the coxofemoral joint of small equid cadaveric specimens without prior coxofemoral luxation.Clinical relevanceThis technique may serve as an option for surgical stabilization of coxofemoral joints in small equids. Further biomechanical investigations are required to assess optimal implant positioning and toggle constructs.
Auxiliary liver xenotransplantation technique in a transgenic pig‐to‐non‐human primate model: A surgical approach to prolong survival
Authors: Lee Kyo Won , Park Sean S. W. , Kim Dong Suk , Choi Kimyung , Shim Joohyun , Kim Jihun , Kim Sung Joo , Park Jae Berm 
Published: July 2023

AbstractXenotransplantation using pigs' liver offers a potentially alternative method to overcome worldwide donor shortage, or more importantly as a bridge to allotransplantation. However, it has been challenged by profound thrombocytopenia and fatal coagulopathy in non‐human primate models. Here we suggest that a left auxiliary technique can be a useful method to achieve extended survival of the xenograft. Fifteen consecutive liver xenotransplants were carried out in a pig‐to‐cynomolgus model. Right auxiliary technique was implemented in two cases, orthotopic in eight cases, and left auxiliary in five cases. None of the right auxiliary recipients survived after surgery due to hemorrhage during complex dissection between the primate's right lobe and inferior vena cava. Orthotopic recipients survived less than 7 days secondary to profound thrombocytopenia and coagulopathy. Two out of five left auxiliary xenotransplants survived more than 3 weeks without uncontrolled thrombocytopenia or anemia, with one of them surviving 34 days, the longest graft survival reported to date. Left auxiliary xenotransplant is a feasible approach in non‐human primate experiments, and the feared risk of thrombocytopenia and coagulopathy can be minimized. This may allow for longer evaluation of the xenograft and help better understand histopathological and immunological changes that occur following liver xenotransplantation.
Usage of cervical cancer screening services among HIV-positive women in Southern Ethiopia: a multicentre cross-sectional study
Authors: Mesfin Atnafwork Haile , Gufue Zenawi Hagos , Alemayehu Mihiretu Arba , Kedida Beimnet Desalegn , Legese Birhan , Gejo Negeso Gebeyehu 
Published: July 2023

ObjectivesTo assess the usage of cervical cancer screening services and associated factors among HIV-positive women on antiretroviral treatment in Southern Ethiopia in 2020.DesignA multicentre cross-sectional study.SettingThe study was conducted in Wolaita Sodo University Teaching Referral Hospital and Sodo Health Centre, Southern Ethiopia, from 1 July 2020 to 30 September 2020.ParticipantsFour hundred and seventeen HIV-positive women on antiretroviral treatment attending public health facilities were approached during the study period. A multivariable binary logistic regression model was carried out to identify independent factors associated with the usage of cervical cancer screening services, and a p value<0.05 was used to declare statistical significance.ResultsThe uptake of cervical cancer screening services among HIV-positive women was 27.8% with a 95% CI of 24.2% to 33.1%. Married women and women reporting a high level of perceived barriers were 75% and 66% less likely to receive cervical cancer screening services, adjusted OR (AOR)=0.25; 95% CI: 0.07 to 0.93, and AOR=0.34; 95% CI: 0.12 to 0.98, respectively. Whereas, being a government employee, AOR=3.85; 95% CI: 1.31 to 11.3, sexual debut before the age of 20, AOR=2.39; 95% CI: 1.09 to 5.26, using modern contraceptives, AOR=2.43; 95% CI: 1.05 to 5.65, having a high perceived self-efficacy, AOR=4.42; 95% CI: 1.79 to 10.89 and having a high perceived benefit of cervical cancer screening services, AOR=12.23; 95% CI: 2.22 to 67.35 were significantly associated with the usage of cervical cancer screening services.ConclusionsThe usage of cervical cancer screening services among HIV-positive women remains low in this setting. Married HIV-positive women and those with a high perceived barrier were associated with low uptake of cervical cancer screening services. Being a government employee, having an early sexual experience, using modern contraceptives, having a high perceived self-efficacy and having a high perceived benefit were identified as factors associated with increased uptake of cervical cancer screening services.