bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improving future agricultural sustainability by optimizing crop distributions in China
Authors: Guan Qi , Tang Jing , Davis Kyle Frankel , Kong Mengxiang , Feng Lian , Shi Kun , Schurgers Guy 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Improving agricultural sustainability is a global challenge, particularly for China's high-input and low-efficiency cropping systems with environmental tradeoffs. Although national strategies have been implemented to achieve Sustainable Development Goals in agriculture, the potential contributions of crop switching as a promising solution under varying future climate change are still under-explored. Here, we optimize cropping patterns spatially with the targets of enhancing agriculture production, reducing environmental burdens, and achieving sustainable fertilization across different climate scenarios. Compared with current cropping patterns, the optimal crop distributions under different climate scenarios consistently suggest allocating the planting areas of maize and rapeseed to the other crops (rice, wheat, soybean, peanut, and potato). Such crop switching can consequently increase crop production by 14.1%, with accompanying reductions in environmental impacts (8.2% for leached nitrogen and 24.0% for irrigation water use) across three representative Shared Socio-economic Pathways from 2020 to 2100. The sustainable fertilization rates vary from 148–173 kg N ha−1 in 2030 to 213–253 kg N ha−1 in 2070, significantly smaller than the current rate (305 kg N ha−1). These outcomes highlight large potential benefits of crop switching and fertilizer management for improving China's future agricultural sustainability.
An orally available P1′-5-fluorinated Mpro inhibitor blocks SARS-CoV-2 replication without booster and exhibits high genetic barrier
Authors: Higashi-Kuwata Nobuyo , Bulut Haydar , Hayashi Hironori , Tsuji Kohei , Ogata-Aoki Hiromi , Kiso Maki , Takamune Nobutoki , Kishimoto Naoki , Hattori Shin-ichiro , Ishii Takahiro , Kobayakawa Takuya , Nakano Kenta , Shimizu Yukiko , Das Debananda , Saruwatari Junji , Hasegawa Kazuya , Murayama Kazutaka , Sukenaga Yoshikazu , Takamatsu Yuki , Yoshimura Kazuhisa , Aoki Manabu , Furusawa Yuri , Okamura Tadashi , Yamayoshi Seiya , Kawaoka Yoshihiro , Misumi Shogo , Tamamura Hirokazu , Mitsuya Hiroaki 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We identified a 5-fluoro-benzothiazole-containing small molecule, TKB272, through fluorine-scanning of the benzothiazole moiety, which more potently inhibits the enzymatic activity of SARS-CoV-2's main protease (Mpro) and more effectively blocks the infectivity and replication of all SARS-CoV-2 strains examined including Omicron variants such as SARS-CoV-2XBB1.5 and SARS-CoV-2EG.5.1 than two Mpro inhibitors: nirmatrelvir and ensitrelvir. Notably, the administration of ritonavir-boosted nirmatrelvir and ensitrelvir causes drug–drug interactions warranting cautions due to their CYP3A4 inhibition, thereby limiting their clinical utility. When orally administered, TKB272 blocked SARS-CoV-2XBB1.5 replication without ritonavir in B6.Cg-Tg(K18-hACE2)2-Prlmn/J-transgenic mice, comparably as did ritonavir-boosted nirmatrelvir. When the ancestral SARS-CoV-2 was propagated with nirmatrelvir in vitro, a highly nirmatrelvir-resistant E166V-carrying variant (SARS-CoV-2E166V−P14) readily emerged by passage 14; however, when propagated with TKB272, no variants emerged by passage 25. SARS-CoV-2E166V showed some cross-resistance to TKB272 but was substantially sensitive to the compound. X-ray structural analyses and mass-spectrometric data showed that the E166V substitution disrupts the critical dimerization-initiating Ser1′-E166 interactions, thereby limiting nirmatrelvir's Mpro inhibition but that TKB272 nevertheless forms a tight binding with Mpro's catalytic active sight even in the presence of the E166V substitution. TKB272 shows no apparent genotoxicity as tested in the micro-Ames test. Highly potent TKB272 may serve as a COVID-19 therapeutic, overcome resistance to existing Mpro inhibitors.
Is blameworthiness terminable?
Authors: Clarke Randolph 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Benjamin Matheson has recently argued that blameworthiness is terminable: in at least some cases, one's blameworthiness for a given offense can be diminished or even eliminated. Although Matheson presents a forceful challenge to those who deny this view—interminability theorists, he calls them—he misconstrues their position and fails to come to grips with several considerations that favor it. This paper aims to clarify key aspects of the debate and defend the claim that blameworthiness is interminable.
An exploratory analysis of the operational restrictions of virtual peer review panels
Authors: Derrick G E 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic, many research funding organizations were faced with the choice of suspending their peer review panels, or else continuing their decision-making processes virtually. Although seen part of a longer drive to make peer review more cost and time efficient as well as to combat climate and sustainability goals by reducing academic travel, it is still not fully understood how the adoption of the virtual peer review panels influences the decision-making process. Using an initial exploratory approach and using a series of observations of four peer review panels conducted virtually during 2020 at the Research Council of Norway (Forskningsrådet), this research explores how panellists behaved, and deliberations operated within virtual environments. The initial, exploratory findings show that despite arguments that virtual panels are more efficient, by saving time and money by allowing panellists to participate from their home settings, behaviours around the role of Panel Chair, and the ability of panellists to move in and out of deliberations, suggests alterations in how panels reached and then confirmed a consensus in the virtual environment. Deliberate mechanisms to confirm consensus were required during virtual panels, suggesting a more onerous workload mid- and post-panel for Panel Chairs and Call managers. Whereas a majority of panel groups had experience of working together as a panel in the past, the process of introducing new members in an online environment was problematic. These preliminary results indicate that more evidence is needed about how the virtual environment influences peer review processes before a more permanent change is adopted by funding agencies.
Menopausal hormone therapy and the risk of systemic lupus erythematosus and systemic sclerosis: a population-based nested case-control study
Authors: Patasova Karina , Dehara Marina , Mantel Ängla , Bixo Marie , Arkema Elizabeth V , Holmqvist Marie 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objectives
SLE and SSc are more common in women, partly due to differences in female sex hormones. Menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) is widely used to alleviate climacteric symptoms. Here, the relationship between MHT and SLE/SSc was investigated in a nested case-control study.

Methods
Women with SLE or SSc and controls, matched 1 up to 10 on sex, birth year and region, from the general population of Sweden. Data on exposures and potential confounders were obtained from the National Patient and Prescribed Drug Register as well as the Longitudinal Integration Database for Health Insurance and Labour Market Studies. Exposure was defined as the dispensation of any MHT medication prior to the diagnosis/matching. The association between MHT and SLE/SSc, and whether the strength of the association, expressed as odds ratios (OR) and 95% CI, varied by type, route of administration, and duration of use, was assessed using conditional logistic regression, adjusted for education, income and sick leave.

Results
In total, 943 women with SLE and 733 women with SSc were identified between 2009 and 2019. We detected a significant association between MHT use and risk of SLE (OR = 1.3; 95% CI: 1.1–1.6), and SSc (OR = 1.4; 95% CI: 1.2–1.7). Women who had both systemic and local MHT medications dispensed exhibited the highest risk of SLE (OR = 1.9; 95% CI: 1.4–2.7) and SSc (OR = 1.8; 95% CI: 1.2–2.5).

Conclusion
These findings indicate an association between MHT and SLE/SSc, independent of socioeconomic factors, warranting further investigation into the role of exogenous female sex hormones in SLE/SSc pathogenesis.
Amitriptyline for the prevention of post-herpetic neuralgia: study protocol for the ATHENA study
Authors: Wells Sian , MacNeill Stephanie J , Liu Yumeng , Gilbertson Anna , Everitt Hazel , van Hecke Oliver , Banks Jonathan , Rees Sophie , Kandiyali Rebecca , Garfield Kirsty , Hunt Lorelei , Fodor Ioana , Wylde Vikki , Johnson Robert , Hay Alastair D , Pickering Anthony E , Ridd Matthew J 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Post-herpetic neuralgia (PHN) is the most common complication of herpes zoster, also known as shingles. Amitriptyline has been postulated to prevent PHN. The objective was to determine whether prophylactic low-dose amitriptyline prevents PHN in patients newly diagnosed with shingles.

Methods
Multi-centre, individually randomized, pragmatic, placebo-controlled superiority trial with health economic analysis and nested qualitative study. Patients with new onset shingles are screened by treating clinicians in participating general practitioner surgeries. Key eligibility criteria are: age ≥50 years, ≤6 days since rash onset and not already taking (and no contraindication to) amitriptyline. Participants are randomized 1:1 to amitriptyline 10 mg or matched placebo tablets (dose escalated as tolerated to maximum three tablets daily for 70 days). Resource-use data (including health, social and informal care, personal expenses and usual activities) is collected from electronic medical records and participant questionnaires. A sample of recruitment conversations are audio-recorded and interviews conducted with recruiters and patients, including those who decline to participate or who withdraw from the trial.

Results
The primary outcome is presence of PHN (≥3/10 worst pain on Zoster Brief Pain Inventory) at 90 days after rash onset. Primary health economic analyses will present cost per case of PHN prevented and cost per quality-adjusted life year. Qualitative data will be analysed to optimize trial delivery and to aid interpretation and implementation of the trial findings.

Conclusions
This is the largest trial to date evaluating the clinical/cost effectiveness and acceptability of prophylactic low-dose amitriptyline for the prevention of PHN.
Silicon reduces lead accumulation in Moso bamboo via immobilization and suppression of metal cation transporter genes in roots
Authors: Yang Fan , Xie Xuanhong , Zhao Yu , Jin Zetao , Pan Xianyu , Shen Zhenming , Hu Lin , Yu Xuejun , Shao Ji Feng 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Lead (Pb) is a hazardous element that affects the growth and development of plants, while silicon (Si) is a beneficial element for alleviating the stress caused by heavy metals, including Pb. However, the mechanisms by which Si reduces Pb accumulation in Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis (Carr ·) H · de Lehaie) remain unclear. In this study, physiological assessments and transcriptome analyses were conducted to investigate the interaction between Si and Pb. Our findings showed that Si application has no significant effect on alleviating Pb-induced inhibition of root elongation and dry weight in short-term and long-term experiments, respectively. However, it did rescue leaf yellowing and reduce Pb accumulation, particularly in the shoot. Pre-treatment with Si led to a reduction in Pb uptake, translocation and accumulation, coupled with an increase in Pb fixation within the hemicellulose of the root cell wall, resulting in a lower Pb concentration in the cell sap. At the cellular level, Pb was found to be distributed in all cells of roots, and Si pretreatment did not alter Pb distribution. Additionally, Si application downregulated the expression of genes related to ABC and metal cation transporters. These findings indicate that Si reduces Pb accumulation in Moso bamboo by immobilizing Pb in the hemicellulose of root cell walls and downregulating the expression of transporter genes involved in Pb uptake and transport.
NCAPD3‐mediated AKT activation regulates prostate cancer progression
Authors: Zhang Yi , Xie Wanlin , Zong Xicui , Fang Yuanyuan , Ren Jia , Jing Zuolei , Wei Yong , Lu Shan , Zhu Qingyi , Liu Ping 
Published: January 2025

AbstractDespite therapeutic improvements in prostate cancer treatment, the recurrence and mortality rates are still high, and the underlying mechanisms still need further study. Non‐SMC Condensin II Complex Subunit D3 (NCAPD3) is a subunit of condensin II complex, mainly involved in the mitotic chromosome condensation of cells. This study aimed to figure out the detailed mechanisms by which NCAPD3 contributed to prostate cancer development. Clinical samples and cell lines were used to measure the expression of genes by quantitative real‐time RT‐PCR (qRT‐PCR), Western‐blot assay (WB), immunohistochemistry (IHC), and immunofluorescence (IF). Chromatin immunoprecipitation quantitative PCR (ChIP‐qPCR) and dual‐luciferase reporter assays were examined to explore the interplays between molecules. CCK8, transwell, and wound‐healing assays were applied to perform cell proliferation and migration. A subcutaneous tumor xenograft model was constructed by injecting DU145‐Lv‐NCAPD3 cells and control cells into male BALB/c nude mice to confirm the result derived from in vitro assay. NCAPD3 increased STAT3 expression and phosphorylation in PCa cells, thereby enhancing STAT3 transcriptional activity to improve the levels of JAK2 and EZH2. This led to an increase in phosphorylation of AKT at Thr 308 and Ser 473 through JAK2/PI3K and EZH2/NSD2/mTORC2 pathways, respectively. Moreover, there was a positive mutual activation between STAT3 and JAK2, further enhanced by NCAPD3 to promote PCa progression. NCAPD3, as an oncogene, promoted PCa progression by phosphorylating and activating AKT, which suggests a novel functional pathway of NCAPD3 in promoting PCa progression.
Creating Accessible Online Content for Health Professions Education
Authors: Huth Kathleen , Newman Lori , Meeks Lisa , Wolbrink Traci 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In 2021, nearly 6% of learners studying medicine disclosed disabilities, which was more than double that of 2015.1 Learners seek accommodations for visual, hearing, mobility, and learning disabilities, as well as chronic health conditions. Strategies for supporting accessibility align with best practices for audiovisual and instructional design; however, they are not consistently used in online education. Health professions educators are responsible for ensuring online content is accessible to all learners.
Evaluation of the Food Literacy Project’s “Nourishing Food Literacy, Community Health and Sense of Place in Louisville, Kentucky” Initiative
Authors: King Kristi M. , Brown Aishia , Della Lindsay J. , Elmore Shakeyrah , Hartson Kimberly , O’Neal Carol , Bloomer Rebecka , Perez Angelique , Gundersen Carol 
Published: January 2025

Background and Objectives:
Community-based organizations, such as Food Literacy Project, Inc. (FLP), focused on cultivating food justice through increasing access to healthy foods in under-resourced areas are uniquely positioned to positively affect the nutrition landscape. This article reports on an evaluation of FLP’s efforts in implementing food justice programming.

Methods:
A single, longitudinal case study evaluation framed within the socioecological model included the collection of survey, interview and focus group, on-site observational and field notes data at multiple points throughout the evaluation period of July 2019 through August 2020.

Results:
Research findings lauded FLP’s initiatives providing food access, creating youth advocacy programming, and fostering community connections. However, critical need existed to implement initiatives by individuals who reflected the communities in which they served on land that was fully secured for tenure and ownership.

Conclusions:
The results from this evaluation suggest a call to action for non-profit organizations to build and maintain trust in under-resourced communities. When applying for grants, partnering with academic institutions and implementing programming, the site team members, as well as evaluation team members, should be intentional to identify (eg, race, gender, residence, socioeconomic status, education level) with the community in which the initiatives aim to serve.
Fragmented QRS complexes in electrocardiogram and their relationship with somatic symptoms in postmenopausal women
Authors: Korpe Busra , Kose Caner , Turan Serifler Nazlı , Korkmaz Vakkas , Keskin Huseyin Levent 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objective
Menopause significantly impacts cardiovascular health, yet the relationship between myocardial abnormalities and noncardiac symptoms in postmenopausal women remains underexplored. This study aims to investigate the association between fragmented QRS waves (fQRS) positivity on electrocardiograms (ECG) and somatic symptoms in postmenopausal women.

Methods
We included 623 postmenopausal women attending a menopause clinic for routine annual gynecological examinations. Women were categorized into fQRS-positive (n = 248) and fQRS-negative (n = 375) groups based on ECG results analyzed by a blinded cardiologist. The Menopause Rating Scale (MRS) was used to assess menopausal symptoms across three subscales: somatic, psychological, and urogenital. Data on demographics, physical activity, and medical history were also collected. Statistical analyses included comparisons of MRS scores, and a binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify the relationship between fQRS positivity and somatic symptoms. Adjusted models were created for potential confounders.

Results
Women with fQRS positivity reported significantly higher somatic symptoms and total MRS scores compared to those without fQRS positivity. Specifically, higher scores were observed in the fQRS-positive group for the somatic subscale and total MRS score. Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that fQRS positivity was significantly associated with somatic symptoms after adjusting for all confounders (odds ratio, 10.76; 95% CI, 7.21-16.07; P < 0.001).

Conclusions
Postmenopausal women with fQRS positivity on ECG exhibit a higher severity of somatic symptoms compared to those without fQRS positivity. These findings suggest a potential link between somatic symptoms and myocardial conduction abnormalities indicated by fQRS positivity. Further research is needed to clarify the underlying mechanisms of this association.
Microablative radiofrequency versus sham for overactive bladder: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Slongo Helena , Lunardi Anna Lygia B. , Fazzolari Juliana C. , Pérez Constanza D.A. , Riccetto Cássio L.Z. , Juliato Cássia R.T. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objective
Energy therapies have been suggested as potential treatments for overactive bladder (OAB), yet there are few studies examining their efficacy. This study aimed to compare the effects of fractional microablative radiofrequency (RF) to sham treatment.

Methods
A pilot clinical trial was conducted with 77 women diagnosed with OAB, randomized into two groups: one receiving three monthly sessions of fractional microablative RF and the other receiving sham treatment, both combined with behavioral therapy. Assessments were conducted at baseline and 30 days after therapy using validated questionnaires for urinary symptoms (International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire–Short Form, Overactive Bladder, and Quality of Life), as well as vaginal and sexual function, and pelvic floor muscle functionality.

Results
Both treatment groups demonstrated significant improvements in all validated questionnaires assessing urinary and vaginal symptoms (P < 0.001), with no significant differences between them. The International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire–Overactive Bladder scores improved significantly in both the RF group (−4.5 points; P < 0.001) and the sham group (−4.5 points; P < 0.001), with no significant differences between the groups (P = 0.812). Additionally, there were no improvements noted in sexual function or vaginal trophism in the RF group. However, assessments of endurance, resistance, and fast contractions of the pelvic floor muscles showed improvement only in the RF group, with no changes observed in power or perineometer measurements.

Conclusions
Microablative RF treatment combined with behavioral therapy did not show benefits over sham treatment with behavioral therapy for addressing OAB symptoms.
Longitudinal response to standard of care in pediatric metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease: Rates of improvement and worsening, and factors associated with outcomes
Authors: Newton Kimberly P. , Jayasekera Dulshan , Blackford Amanda L. , Behling Cynthia , Wilson Laura A. , Fishbein Mark H. , Molleston Jean P. , Xanthakos Stavra A. , Vos Miriam B. , Schwimmer Jeffrey B. ,   for the NASH CRN
Published: January 2025

Background and Aims:
Longitudinal outcomes in children with metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) remain unclear due to the absence of a standardized monitoring approach. This study aimed to (1) define improvement and worsening in children with MASLD, (2) estimate rates of improvement or deterioration with the standard of care (SOC) over 1 and 2 years, and (3) identify baseline and longitudinal factors associated with improvement or worsening.

Approach and Results:
Using data from 2 large randomized controlled trials, we derived definitions for composite improvement and worsening of MASLD based on associations between changes in ALT, GGT, and liver histology after 1 and 2 years. Improvement was defined as ≥40% decrease in ALT and ≥20% decrease in GGT and worsening as ≥20% increase in both ALT and GGT. We applied definitions to a cohort of 440 children with MASLD. After 1 year of SOC, 22% of children with MASLD showed improvement, increasing to 31% after 2 years. However, 20% showed worsening after both 1 and 2 years despite receiving SOC. Logistic regression analysis, employing stepwise model selection, identified changes in body mass index z-score and cholesterol to be most associated with improvement or deterioration.

Conclusions:
This study developed criteria for improvement and worsening in children with MASLD over 1 and 2 years of follow-up. With SOC, over one-quarter of children are likely to improve while one-fifth of children are likely to worsen. Targeting interventions that affect body mass index and lipid parameters may help improve MASLD over time.