bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structural, Morphological and Interfacial Investigation of H2V3O8 upon Mg2+ Intercalation
Authors: Surace Yuri , Romio Martina , Amores Marco , Hamid Raad , Cupid Damian , Sauer Markus , Foelske Annette , Jahn Marcus 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMagnesium‐ion batteries (MIBs) are a promising alternative to lithium‐ion batteries due to their higher theoretical energy densities and lower cost. However, fundamental limitations such as the sluggish diffusion of Mg2+ ions into cathode materials have hindered their practical implementation. In this work, the structural, morphological and interfacial changes of H2V3O8, a promising cathode material for MIBs, are elucidated upon Mg2+ intercalation in TFSI‐based electrolytes. Post‐mortem analysis revealed a shrinkage of the interlayer distance, an increase in cell volume, and a decrease of the surface V5+/V4+ ratio during discharge. These changes were only partially reversible upon subsequent charge due to Mg trapping. A cathode electrolyte interphase (CEI) formed mainly of TFSI− anions, its decomposition products, and MgF2 was detected on the surface of H2V3O8. The CEI thickness and chemical composition vary upon charge and discharge as well as during prolonged cycling, and its presence correlates with the additional capacity recorded during discharge. Our study aims to contribute to a better understanding of Mg2+ intercalation and cathode‐electrolyte interaction in high voltage cathode materials for MIBs.
Synthesis of Polycarbonates from CO2 Promoted by Immobilized Ionic Liquid Functionalized di‐Mg Complex Catalyst
Authors: Pappuru Sreenath , Shpasser Dina , Gazit Oz M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe capture and conversion of anthropogenic CO2 is a paramount challenge for our global ecosystem. An optimal way of to cope with the emitted CO2 is to efficiently convert it to value‐added materials. Whereas nature sequesters CO2 by making sugar‐based polymers, utilizing CO2 to make highly demanded synthetic polymers such as polycarbonates is of great value. The present work reports the synthesis of a new supported ionic liquid (IL) functionalized organic ligand that is able to accept metal sites. After incorporating di‐nuclear magnesium, it was utilized as a single‐component solid catalyst for the copolymerization of CO2 and cyclohexene oxide. The obtained solid catalyst was found to be active under mild CO2 pressures of (1–15 atm) giving a turnover number of up to 283 and turnover frequency up to 11.8 h−1. To the authors knowledge, these rates are the highest obtained using a heterogeneous catalyst, maintaining 96–99 % polycarbonates selectivity and 97–99 % carbonate repeat units. In addition, the obtained polymers showed high molecular weights (16.7 to 11.7 kg/mol) with 1.05 to 1.6 dispersity (Đ). The catalyst was recycled 4 times, under regular laboratory conditions and without any intermediate reactivation steps, which provided ∼3 g of polycarbonate for ∼0.03 g catalyst (100 : 1) at 80 °C in neat cyclohexene oxide and 15 atm CO2.
Synthesis of Highly Active and Stable Carbon by a Soft‐Template Hydrothermal Route as Pt Substrate for Oxygen Reduction Reaction
Authors: Antony Jithin , Sakthivel Mariappan , Drillet Jean‐Francois 
Published: February 2023

AbstractN‐doped mesoporous carbon spheres were synthesized by a microwave‐assisted ammonia‐catalyzed hydrothermal route (CFAHM) by using Pluronic® F127 as a soft‐template and m‐Aminophenol as both carbon and nitrogen source. Their physical and electrochemical properties were compared with those of carbon samples obtained by a conventional hydrothermal method (CFAH). The best results in terms of particle size, surface area, pore size distribution, conductivity and N‐content of the as‐prepared CFAHM samples were obtained in 17 M NH4OH at 120 °C for 5 min. After 1100 °C pyrolysis step, conductivity of CFAHM increased to 5.64 S cm−1 compared to 8.64 S cm−1 for CFAH sample. Remarkably, GDE experiments with xylene‐swelled CFAHM‐supported platinum exhibited an excellent activity for ORR (181 mA cm−2 @ 0.7 V) and ECSA retention (80 % after 10,000 ADT) under half‐cell conditions in 1 M H2SO4 at room temperature compared to only 57 mA cm−2 and 13 % for GDE with Pt/CVulcan reference material.
Plasma sheath in the presence of warm ions
Authors: Din Alif , Adnan M. , Khan Majid 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe numerical solution of a warm ion sheath for an electrode/wall in contact with a low‐density isotropic plasma is analysed for sonic and supersonic flow of ions at the sheath entrance. For this, we consider half Maxwellian electron and water bag ion velocity distribution functions at the sheath edge. The generalized kinetic Bohm criterion is used to calculate the average ion velocity at the sheath edge. A relation between electrode/wall floating potential, sheath edge potential, and ion temperature is derived from the floating electrode/wall condition. The numerical solution of potential profiles for sonic and supersonic ions is calculated with varying ion temperature at different values of sheath edge potential. The results show that for sonic ions, the sheath solution merges smoothly into presehath solution, but for supersonic ions, we have density gradients, which increase with increasing ion temperature.
US FDA Postmarketing Requirements and Commitments: A Systematic Assessment of Clinical Pharmacology Studies and Their Impact on US FDA Prescribing Information
Authors: Ridge Sarah , Guinn Daphne , Pfuma Fletcher Elimika , Zineh Issam , Madabushi Rajanikanth , Ramamoorthy Anuradha 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMany of the conditions for the safe and effective use of new molecular entities (NMEs) are understood at the time of initial drug approval. However, some remaining knowledge gaps can be addressed after drug approval through postmarketing requirements (PMRs) or commitments (PMCs) established by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Our objective was to conduct an assessment of clinical pharmacology–related PMRs and PMCs established at the time of approval and evaluate the impact of fulfilled PMRs and PMCs on prescription information (PI). This analysis included clinical pharmacology–related PMRs and PMCs established for NMEs approved between 2009 and 2020. Of the 1171 PMRs and PMCs, over one‐third were clinical pharmacology–related. Of these, 46% were to evaluate drug interactions, 16% were to evaluate drug dosing in patients with hepatic impairment, and 10% were related to dose. The majority (57%) of PMRs and PMCs were fulfilled at the time of analysis, with a median time to fulfillment of approximately 2.3 years. The majority (94%) of the fulfilled PMRs and PMCs, either with or without a PI revision, resulted in new or modified instructions for use or supported existing instructions for use. This is the first time that clinical pharmacology–related PMRs and PMCs have been catalogued and analyzed to understand their impact on PI. An understanding of the knowledge gaps that exist at the time of drug approval could inform the most effective and efficient methods for evidence generation prior to and after new drug approval.
A stall diagnosis method based on entropy feature identification in axial compressors
Authors: Liu Yang , Du Juan , Li Jichao , Xu Yang , Zhu Junqiang , Nie Chaoqun 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA stall diagnosis method based on the entropy feature extraction algorithm is developed in axial compressors. The reliability of the proposed method is determined and a parametric sensitivity analysis is experimentally conducted for two different types of compressor stall diagnoses. A collection of time‐resolved pressure sensors is mounted circumferentially and along the chord direction to measure the dynamic pressure on the casing. Results show that the stall and prestall precursor embedded in the dynamic pressures are identified through nonlinear feature perturbation extraction using the entropy feature extraction algorithm. Further analysis demonstrates that the prestall precursor with the peak entropy value is related to the unsteady tip leakage flow for the spike‐type stall diagnosis. The modal wave inception with increasing amplitude is identified by the considerable increase of the entropy value. The flow field in the tip region indicates that the modal wave corresponds to the flow separation in the suction side of the rotor blade. The warning time is 100–300 rotor revolutions for both types of stall diagnoses, which is beneficial for stall control in different axial compressors. Moreover, a parametric study of the embedding dimension m, similar tolerance n, similar radius r, and data length N in the fuzzy entropy method is conducted to determine the optimal parameter setting for stall diagnosis. The stall warning based on the entropy feature extraction algorithm provides a new stall diagnosis approach in the axial compressor with different stall types. This stall warning can also be adopted as an online stability monitoring index when using the concept of active stall control.
Causality Constraint on Circuit Complexity from COSMOEFT
Authors: Choudhury Sayantan , Mukherjee Arghya , Pandey Nilesh , Roy Abhishek 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this article, we investigate the physical implications of the causality constraint via the effective speed of sound on Quantum Circuit Complexity (QCC) in the framework of Cosmological Effective Field Theory (COSMOEFT) using the two‐mode squeezed quantum states. This COSMOEFT setup is constructed using the Stckelberg trick with the help of the lowest dimensional operators, which are broken under time diffeomorphism. In this setup, we consider only the contributions from the two derivative terms in the background quasi‐de Sitter metric. Next, we compute the relevant measures of the circuit complexity and their cosmological evolution for different values of by following two different approaches, the Nielsen's approach and the Covariance matrix approach. Using this setup, we also compute the Von‐Neumann and the Rényi entropy, which finally establishes an underlying relationship between the entanglement entropy and the circuit complexity. Considering the scale factor and as parameters, our analysis of the circuit complexity measures and the entanglement entropy suggests several interesting unexplored features within the window, , which is supported by both causality and cosmological observation. Finally, we comment on the connection between the circuit complexity, the entanglement entropy and the equilibrium temperature for different values lying within the mentioned window.
Structure and content of the EU-IVDR
Authors: Kahles Andy , Goldschmid Hannah , Volckmar Anna-Lena , Ploeger Carolin , Kazdal Daniel , Penzel Roland , Budczies Jan , Kempny Gisela , Kazmierczak Marlon , Flechtenmacher Christa , Baretton Gustavo , Weichert Wilko , Horst David , Klauschen Frederick , Gassner Ulrich M. , Brüggemann Monika , Vogeser Michael , Schirmacher Peter , Stenzinger Albrecht 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Regulation (EU) 2017/746 on in vitro diagnostic medical devices (IVDR) was passed by the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union on 5 April 2017 and came into force on 26 May 2017. A new amending regulation, which introduces a phased implementation of the IVDR with new transitional provisions for certain in vitro diagnostic medical devices (IVDs) and a later date of application of some requirements for in-house devices for healthcare facilities, was adopted on 15 December 2021.
The combined use of CE-certified IVDs (CE-IVDs), in-house IVDs (IH-IVDs), and research use only (RUO) devices are a cornerstone of diagnostics in pathology departments and crucial for optimal patient care. The IVDR not only regulates the manufacture and placement on the market of industrially manufactured IVDs, but also imposes conditions on the manufacture and use of IH-IVDs for internal use by healthcare facilities.

Objectives
Our work provides an overview of the background and structure of the IVDR and identifies core areas that need to be interpreted and fleshed out in the context of the legal framework as well as expert knowledge.

Conclusions
The gaps and ambiguities in the IVDR crucially require the expertise of professional societies, alliances, and individual stakeholders to successfully facilitate the implementation and use of the IVDR in pathology departments and to avoid aberrant developments.
Masculinity Matters for Meat Consumption: An Examination of Self-Rated Gender Typicality, Meat Consumption, and Veg*nism in Australian Men and Women
Authors: Stanley Samantha K. , Day Cameron , Brown Patricia M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPrevious research shows that men eat more meat than women. We explore the extent to which self-rated gender typicality explains differences in meat consumption intentions and behaviour. We recruited a large sample (N = 4897) of Australian men and women to complete an online survey about their attitudes and intentions regarding meat consumption and abstention and measured their self-rated gender typicality (the extent men view themselves as masculine, and women view themselves as feminine). We used moderated regression analyses to investigate self-rated gender typicality as a moderator of the relationship between gender and meat-related variables. We demonstrated that for men, identifying as more masculine was associated with a lower likelihood of reducing meat consumption or considering veg*nism, and a greater belief that eating meat is normal. We also found that men, and those with more gender-typical self-ratings (regardless of gender), viewed meat as more natural, necessary, and nice. These findings suggest that self-rated gender typicality may be relevant for understanding gender differences in meat consumption behaviours. Appeals to adopt low- or no-meat diets may be more effective if they consider the ways Australian diets are interconnected with genders and identities. Increasing acceptance of alternative masculinities, and developing masculinity-friendly advertising of plant-based foods, could be useful in promoting meat reduction.
Does Certifying Foreign Qualifications Lead to Better Immigrant Skills Utilization?
Authors: Pecoraro Marco , Tani Massimiliano 
Published: February 2023

AbstractUsing a novel panel dataset on recent immigrants in Switzerland, we study the relationship between the degree of skills utilization, the foreign-acquired education and its certification in the host country. We find that the relationship with foreign education is negative, especially when acquired in a non-EU country, in line with the literature documenting the imperfect international transferability of human capital. Obtaining a “Certificate of Equivalence” in Switzerland makes this relationship statistically non-significant: in other words, the certification enables immigrants to enjoy the same degree of skills utilization in the Swiss labour market as those with Swiss education. Additional results suggest that immigrants with a foreign but not Swiss-certified education keep the degree of skill utilization as high as it would be if they were Swiss educated when they obtain a job contract or job offer before migrating to Switzerland. These findings are robust to controlling for self-selection on unobserved characteristics.
Analysis of Water Pricing Policy Effects in a Mediterranean Basin Through a Hydroeconomic Model
Authors: Martínez-Dalmau Javier , Gutiérrez-Martín Carlos , Expósito Alfonso , Berbel Julio 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis paper explores the impacts of water pricing as a demand management policy, at a regional level (or basin-sector). To this aim, a hydro-economic model for the Guadalquivir River basin (southern Spain) is proposed here. This basin constitutes a perfect example of a Mediterranean basin subject to frequent and long drought periods, where challenges related to water scarcity are increasing, leading to social conflicts among water users. Moreover, this basin is characterised by a closure state meaning that all available water resources are already allocated among users. In this context, water pricing policy may act as an effective tool to reduce water demand by encouraging changes of behaviour in water users. In particular, those who perform irrigation practices in the agricultural sector. This paper focuses on the irrigation sector since it is the main water user in the basin (87%). Additionally, alternative water-availability scenarios have been used to test the effect of water pricing under drought conditions. The hydro-economic model presented here has been sectorized into four basin sectors with common characteristics (hydro and economic). This enables the analysis of alternative price scenarios in the agricultural sector, in terms of water used, crop patterns and gross margin. Results show that water pricing policy should consider the regional characteristics at the basin-sector scale to gain effectiveness and equity at the river basin scale. Moreover, it has been found that both water availability and the crop pattern at the basin-sector scale have an effect on the reduction of water used (and therefore in gross margin.
Extracellular volume fraction determined by equilibrium contrast-enhanced computed tomography: correlation with histopathological findings in gastric cancer
Authors: Nishimuta Yusuke , Tsurumaru Daisuke , Kai Satohiro , Maehara Junki , Asayama Yoshiki , Oki Eiji , Ishigami Kousei 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To assess the relationship between histopathological features of gastric cancer and the extracellular volume fraction (ECV) measured by preoperative equilibrium contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT).

Materials and methods
The study group consisted of 66 patients with surgically resected gastric adenocarcinoma who underwent preoperative multiphasic CECT. Tumor ECVs were calculated using region-of-interest measurements within the gastric cancer and aorta of each case on unenhanced and equilibrium-phase images. The relationship between the mean ECV values and clinicopathological parameters was examined by univariate analysis. Parameters showing a significant difference in the former test were further tested by linear regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses.

Results
In the univariate analysis, the values of venous invasion (p = 0.0487) and tumor infiltration (INF) pattern (p < 0.0001) were significantly correlated with the tumor ECV. INF was significantly correlated (β = 0.57, p < 0.0001) in the linear regression analysis. The tumor ECV showed better diagnostic accuracy for predicting INF (INFa/b vs INFc), and the area under the ROC curve value was 0.89.

Conclusion
Tumor ECV determined by equilibrium CECT is significantly correlated with the pathological INF of gastric cancer.
Genome sequence and genomic analysis of liver abscess caused by hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae
Authors: Pei Na , Liu Xin , Jian Zijuan , Yan Qun , Liu Qingxia , Kristiansen Karsten , Li Junhua , Liu Wenen 
Published: February 2023

AbstractHypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (hvKp) is an important pathotype with enhanced virulence features compared with classical K. pneumoniae (cKp). hvKp usually causes life-threatening infections in the community, often affecting young and healthy individuals. During the past few decades, hvKp-induced liver abscess has been increasingly reported in Asia and is emerging as a global disease. To better comprehend the molecular characteristics of hvKp-induced liver abscess and recognize the global dissemination of hypervirulent strains with resistance determinants, we sequenced the whole genome of 26 K. pneumoniae strains from patients with liver abscess (KLA) and investigated the clinical factors related to different phenotype groups. The epidemiology, virulence-related factors, and antimicrobial resistance determinants were also discussed. The age, gender, and whether being hospitalized showed no differences among the string-positive and -negative groups were also studied. The assembly and annotation suggested that most of the 26 new liver abscess-causing hvKp strains were ST23-K1 or ST86-K2, and only one of the strains exhibited multidrug resistance. Compared with the existing 36 global liver abscess genome sequences, higher sequence type and virulence gene diversity were found in the new genomes. The clinical characteristics and genomic data of the isolated strains will enrich our knowledge for comparative genomic studies, allowing the better understanding of hvKp characteristics and evolution.
Acromegalia: differenze di sesso e genere
Authors: Gagliardi Irene , Aliberti Ludovica , Medici Margherita , Zatelli Maria Chiara , Ambrosio Maria Rosaria 
Published: February 2023

SommarioLa differente modulazione dell’asse GH/IGF-1 da parte degli steroidi sessuali suggerisce una diversa presentazione clinica dell’acromegalia nei due sessi. Tra le donne acromegaliche è stato registrato un maggiore ritardo diagnostico, un’età più avanzata alla diagnosi, un rapporto IGF-1/GH più basso, maggiori complicanze metaboliche, cefalea, dolore muscolo-scheletrico e comorbidità psichiatriche. Ulteriori studi sono necessari al fine di sensibilizzare la comunità medica a una medicina di genere applicabile anche al campo dell’acromegalia.
Negative Word of Mouth On Social Media: A Case Study of Deutsche Bahn’s Accountability Management
Authors: Mirbabaie Milad , Stieglitz Stefan , Marx Julian 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe advent of social media and its commodification have created a never-ending feedback loop between businesses and their customers. In this context, constant negative Word-of-Mouth (NWOM) may jeopardize a corporate image and cause defensiveness in corporate communication. This paper presents a case study of several customer service accounts of the railway company Deutsche Bahn on Twitter to investigate the management and control of constant NWOM and the impact of accountability strategies on customers’ perception of the firm. To this end, a sample of 36,757 Twitter postings was drawn and analyzed by means of sentiment and content analysis techniques. The findings suggest that the perceived accountability towards the firm declined in case of an attitude shift towards the user. In contrast, the firm was being held accountable more insistently after expressed defensiveness, regardless of the firm’s actual accountableness. With this paper, we introduce the notion of accountability management and an accompanying theoretical framework to the literature. This provides a novel perspective on constant NWOM countermeasures for organizations that are part of ‘toxic’ industries or face unrightfully claimed accusations, i.e., when being held accountable for outer circumstances beyond their control.