bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Linear Tetraquinanes by Microwave Assisted [3+2] Cycloaddition and Ring‐Rearrangement Metathesis
Authors: Kotha Sambasivarao , Agrawal Arpit 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHerein, an improved synthetic strategy to linear tetraquinanes is reported via a [3+2] cycloaddition and ring‐rearrangement metathesis as key steps. The linear tetraquinanes reported earlier were synthesized in a nine step sequence with an overall yield of 9 % while the same tetraquinanes are now prepared in four steps with a 3‐fold increase in overall yield of 29 %. Failure of the conventional [3+2] cycloaddition using allyltriisopropylsilane was overcome by using microwave irradiation (MWI) conditions which is performed for the first time for this purpose. The strategy reported here does not involve any protection and deprotection steps and can be helpful for the synthesis of polyquinane based natural products and synthesis of medicinally important targets.
Defect Engineering of Graphene for Dynamic Reliability
Authors: Kumral Boran , Demingos Pedro Guerra , Cui Teng , Serles Peter , Barri Nima , Singh Chandra Veer , Filleter Tobin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe interface between two‐dimensional (2D) materials and soft, stretchable polymeric substrates is a governing criterion in proposed 2D materials‐based flexible devices. This interface is dominated by weak van der Waals forces and there is a large mismatch in elastic constants between the contact materials. Under dynamic loading, slippage, and decoupling of the 2D material is observed, which then leads to extensive damage propagation in the 2D lattice. Herein, graphene is functionalized through mild and controlled defect engineering for a fivefold increase in adhesion at the graphene‐polymer interface. Adhesion is characterized experimentally using buckling‐based metrology, while molecular dynamics simulations reveal the role of individual defects in the context of adhesion. Under in situ cyclic loading, the increased adhesion inhibits damage initiation and interfacial fatigue propagation within graphene. This work offers insight into achieving dynamically reliable and robust 2D material‐polymer contacts, which can facilitate the development of 2D materials‐based flexible devices.
Multicomponent Hybridization Transition Metal Oxide Electrode Enriched with Oxygen Vacancy for Ultralong‐Life Supercapacitor
Authors: Zhang Zhihui , Sun Shishuai , Xu Zhihui , Yin Shougen 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTransition metal oxide electrode materials for supercapacitors suffer from poor electrical conductivity and stability, which are the research focus of the energy storage field. Herein, multicomponent hybridization Ni‐Cu oxide (NCO‐Ar/H2‐10) electrode enriched with oxygen vacancy and high electrical conductivity including the Cu0.2Ni0.8O, Cu2O and CuO is prepared by introducing Cu element into Ni metal oxide with hydrothermal, annealing, and plasma treatment. The NCO‐Ar/H2‐10 electrode exhibits high specific capacity (1524 F g−1 at 3 A g−1), good rate performance (72%) and outstanding cyclic stability (109% after 40,000 cycles). The NCO‐Ar/H2‐10//AC asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) achieves high energy density of 48.6 Wh kg−1 at 799.6 W kg−1 while exhibiting good cycle life (117.5% after 10,000 cycles). The excellent electrochemical performance mainly comes from the round‐trip valence change of Cu+/Cu2+ in the multicomponent hybridization enhance the surface capacitance during the redox process, and the change of electronic microstructure triggered by a large number of oxygen vacancies reduce the adsorption energy of OH− ions of thin nanosheet with crack of surface edge, ensuring electron and ion‐transport processes and remitting the structural collapse of material. This work provides a new strategy for improving the cycling stability of transition metal oxide electrode materials.
Novel Structural Design and Adsorption/Insertion Coordinating Quasi‐Metallic Na Storage Mechanism toward High‐performance Hard Carbon Anode Derived from Carboxymethyl Cellulose
Authors: Zhao Yanhong , Hu Zhuang , Fan Changling , Gao Peng , Zhang Ruisheng , Liu Zhixiao , Liu Jinshui , Liu Jilei 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHard Carbon have become the most promising anode candidates for sodium‐ion batteries, but the poor rate performance and cycle life remain key issues. In this work, N‐doped hard carbon with abundant defects and expanded interlayer spacing is constructed by using carboxymethyl cellulose sodium as precursor with the assistance of graphitic carbon nitride. The formation of N‐doped nanosheet structure is realized by the CN• or CC• radicals generated through the conversion of nitrile intermediates in the pyrolysis process. This greatly enhances the rate capability (192.8 mAh g−1 at 5.0 A g−1) and ultra‐long cycle stability (233.3 mAh g−1 after 2000 cycles at 0.5 A g−1). In situ Raman spectroscopy, ex situ X‐ray diffraction and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis in combination with comprehensive electrochemical characterizations, reveal that the interlayer insertion coordinated quasi‐metallic sodium storage in the low potential plateau region and adsorption storage in the high potential sloping region. The first‐principles density functional theory calculations further demonstrate strong coordination effect on nitrogen defect sites to capture sodium, especially with pyrrolic N, uncovering the formation mechanism of quasi‐metallic bond in the sodium storage. This work provides new insights into the sodium storage mechanism of high‐performance carbonaceous materials, and offers new opportunities for better design of hard carbon anode.
Asymmetric Pairing of Cholesteric Liquid Crystal Droplets for Programmable Photonic Cross‐Communication
Authors: Park Sihun , Lee Sang Seok , Yang Sehee , Kim Shin‐Hyun 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe photonic cross‐communication between photonic droplets has provided complex color patterns through multiple reflections, potentially serving as novel optical codes. However, the cross‐communication is mostly restricted to symmetric pairs of identical droplets. Here, a design rule is reported for the asymmetric pairing of two distinct droplets to provide bright color patterns through strong cross‐communication and enrich a variety of optical codes. Cholesteric liquid crystal (CLC) droplets with different stopband positions and sizes are paired. The brightness of corresponding color patterns is maximized when the pairs are selected to effectively guide light along the double reflection path by stopbands of two droplets. The experimental results are in good agreement with a geometric model where the blueshift of stopbands is better described by the angles of refraction rather than reflection. The model predicts the effectiveness of pairing quantitatively, which serves as a design rule for programming the asymmetric photonic cross‐communication. Moreover, three distinct droplets can be paired in triangular arrays, where all three cross‐communication paths yield bright color patterns when three droplets are selected to simultaneously satisfy the rule. It is believed that asymmetric pairing of distinct CLC droplets opens new opportunities for programmable optical encoding in security and anti‐counterfeiting applications.
Impaired ESX‐3 Induces Bedaquiline Persistence in Mycobacterium abscessus Growing Under Iron‐Limited Conditions
Authors: Li Bing , He Siyuan , Tan Zhili , Li Anqi , Fan Junsheng , Zhao Lan , Zhang Zhemin , Chu Haiqing 
Published: June 2023

AbstractESX‐3 is a secretion pathway which is essential for mycobactin‐mediated iron acquisition under iron‐limited conditions. Although present in all Mycobacterium sp., ESX‐3 remains to be elucidated in Mycobacterium abscessus. In the study reported here, impaired ESX‐3 seriously restricts the growth of M. abscesses under iron‐limited conditions; growth is salvaged by functional ESX‐3 or iron supplementation. Notably, impaired ESX‐3 does not kill M. abscesses when environmental iron is insufficient but induces persistence to bedaquiline, a diarylquinoline class antibiotic used to treat multidrug‐resistant mycobacteria. One potential mechanism contributing to persistence is the iron deficiency due to impaired ESX‐3 suppressing succinate dehydrogenase activity, which dysregulates the tricarboxylic acid cycle and inactivates bedaquiline. Experiments conducted here also demonstrate that the regulator, MtrA, can bind ESX‐3 and promote the survival of M. abscessus. As such, this study suggests that a novel pathway involving MtrA, ESX‐3, iron metabolism, and the TCA cycle contributes to bedaquiline persistence in M. abscesses growing under iron‐limited conditions.
Production of engineered algal biochar through microwave pyrolysis for nutrient recovery from aqueous solution
Authors: Mishra Bikram , Remya Neelancherry , Mohit Aggarwal 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBiochar adsorbs contaminants from wastewater. However, biochar's modification, its application in nutrient removal from wastewater, and its mechanism of nutrient removal need to be explored. In this study, nitrate and phosphate were recovered from secondary treated domestic wastewater using microalgal biochar (Spirulina sp.). The biochar was obtained by microwave pyrolysis of algae at 400 W power for 10 min. The biochar was modified using Mg(OH)2 under different conditions. Three pre‐and post‐treated biochars with varied Mg(OH)2 percentages (2%, 4%, and 6% by weight) were produced. All the modifications in biochar improved its specific surface area. Highest specific surface area of the modified biochar reached 33 m2/g compared to 12 m2/g of the unmodified biochar. SEM analysis showed improvement in the porosity of the modified biochars. Modification also introduced ‒OH, ‒C=C‒ and ‒C‒O‒C‒ functional groups on the biochar surface. All these modifications improved the nutrient adsorption capability of the biochar. Adsorption studies indicated that 4% post‐treated biochar (Po4) was the best. The adsorption data fit the pseudo second order kinetic model with R2 being 0.99 and 0.96 for phosphate and nitrate respectively. Among different isotherm models, the Freundlich isotherm model showed the best fit for phosphate and nitrate, with their respective R2 being 0.96 and 0.97, indicating multi‐layer physical‐chemical adsorption, including the intra‐particle diffusion. The equilibrium time for adsorption for nitrate and phosphate was 7 and 6 h, respectively. The optimum pH was 5 and 6 for nitrate and phosphate, respectively, and the optimum dosage was 2 g/L. The maximum adsorption capacity for nitrate and phosphate was 7.9 and 8.9 mg/g, respectively. Po4 showed potential as a fertilizer as it had 5.84 and 3.02 g of extractable phosphate and nitrate per kg of biochar.
First detection of hepatitis E virus in dromedary camels from Iran
Authors: Sarani Ali , Ravanbakhsh Atefeh , Kamaladini Hossein 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundHepatitis E virus (HEV) genotype 7 is a zoonotic disease detected in dromedary camels.Hypothesis/objectivesThe consumption of camel meat and dairy products, the abundance of dromedary camels in Southeast Iran and the import of camels from neighbouring countries to Iran made the researchers investigate the infection rate of camels by the virus.AnimalsA total of 53 healthy camels in Southeast Iran (Sistan and Baluchistan Province) tested for HEV RNA.MethodA total of 17 blood samples and 36 liver samples were taken from 53 healthy dromedary camels (aged between 2 and 10 years) from various southeastern regions of Iran. The samples were tested for HEV using RT‐PCR.ResultsOverall, 56.6% of the studied samples (n = 30) tested positive for HEV RNA.Conclusions and clinical importanceThe present study was the first of its kind in Iran and revealed the presence of HEV in the Iranian dromedary camel population, which might play the role of a zoonosis reservoir for its transmission to humans. This discovery raises concerns about food‐borne illnesses that can be transmitted from animals to humans. However, further research is needed to identify the specific genotype of the HEV in Iranian dromedary camel infections and to determine the risk of spread to other animals and humans.
Symmetry-based decomposition for optimised parallelisation in 3D printing processes
Authors: Hatton Hayley , Khalid Muhammad , Manzoor Umar , Murray John 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCurrent research in 3D printing focuses on improving printing performance through various techniques, including decomposition, but targets only single printers. With improved hardware costs increasing printer availability, more situations can arise involving a multitude of printers, which offers substantially more throughput in combination that may not be best utilised by current decomposition approaches. A novel approach to 3D printing is introduced that attempts to exploit this as a means of significantly increasing the speed of printing models. This was approached as a problem akin to the parallel delegation of computation tasks in a multi-core environment, where optimal performance involves computation load being distributed as evenly as possible. To achieve this, a decomposition framework was designed that combines recursive symmetric slicing with a hybrid tree-based analytical and greedy strategy to optimally minimise the maximum volume of subparts assigned to the set of printers. Experimental evaluation of the algorithm was performed to compare our approach to printing models normally (“in serial”) as a control. The algorithm was subjected to a range of models and a varying quantity of printers in parallel, with printer parameters held constant, and yielded mixed results. Larger, simpler, and more symmetric objects exhibited more significant and reliable improvements in fabrication duration at larger amounts of parallelisation than smaller, more complex, or more asymmetric objects.
Effect of LSD and music on the time-varying brain dynamics
Authors: Adamska Iga , Finc Karolina 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Rationale
Psychedelics are getting closer to being widely used in clinical treatment. Music is known as a key element of psychedelic-assisted therapy due to its psychological effects, specifically on the emotion, meaning-making, and sensory processing. However, there is still a lack of understanding in how psychedelics influence brain activity in experimental settings involving music listening.

Objectives
The main goal of our research was to investigate the effect of music, as a part of “setting,” on the brain states dynamics after lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) intake.

Methods
We used an open dataset, where a group of 15 participants underwent two functional MRI scanning sessions under LSD and placebo influence. Every scanning session contained three runs: two resting-state runs separated by one run with music listening. We applied K-Means clustering to identify the repetitive patterns of brain activity, so-called brain states. For further analysis, we calculated states’ dwell time, fractional occupancy and transition probability.

Results
The interaction effect of music and psychedelics led to change in the time-varying brain activity of the task-positive state. LSD, regardless of the music, affected the dynamics of the state of combined activity of DMN, SOM, and VIS networks. Crucially, we observed that the music itself could potentially have a long-term influence on the resting-state, in particular on states involving task-positive networks.

Conclusions
This study indicates that music, as a crucial element of “setting,” can potentially have an influence on the subject’s resting-state during psychedelic experience. Further studies should replicate these results on a larger sample size.
Global Bifurcation for Corotating and Counter-Rotating Vortex Pairs
Authors: García Claudia , Haziot Susanna V. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe existence of a local curve of corotating and counter-rotating vortex pairs was proven by Hmidi and Mateu (in Commun Math Phys 350(2):699–747, 2017) via a desingularization of a pair of point vortices. In this paper, we construct a global continuation of these local curves. That is, we consider solutions which are more than a mere perturbation of a trivial solution. Indeed, while the local analysis relies on the study of the linear equation at the trivial solution, the global analysis requires on a deeper understanding of topological properties of the nonlinear problem. For our proof, we adapt the powerful analytic global bifurcation theorem due to Buffoni and Toland to allow for the singularity at the bifurcation point. For both the corotating and the counter-rotating pairs, along the global curve of solutions either the angular fluid velocity vanishes or the two patches self-intersect.
Fledging behaviour in colonial auks from the Alcini tribe: comparison of Little Auk Alle alle and Brünnich’s Guillemot Uria lomvia
Authors: Stempniewicz Lech 
Published: June 2023

AbstractColonial seabirds have adopted certain strategies to minimize breeding losses during fledging. This review focuses on the most numerous high-Arctic auks: Little AukAlle alleand Brünnich’s GuillemotUria lomvia. Colonies of Little Auks are usually situated farther from the sea than cliff-nesting guillemots. On departing the nest, Little Auk chicks are more advanced and can fly, while guillemot chicks, lacking flight feathers, jump from the cliff ledges and glide to the sea. Little Auk chicks lose weight before departure, thus improving their flight efficiency. In both species, fledglings have strong legs and a thick layer of feathers on the underside to prevent injury from hard landings. Some chicks reach the sea on foot. The fathers care for their fledglings, with whom they are in vocal contact. On land, chicks are hunted by Arctic foxesVulpes lagopusand gullsLarussp. When attacked by gulls at sea, young auks dive. In the air, however, only young Little Auks perform a characteristic nose-diving manoeuvre to confuse the predator. Guillemot parents can effectively counteract gull attacks on their young, while Little Auk parents do not directly defend their chicks. Unlike Little Auks, several adult guillemots usually accompany chicks during gliding and landing at sea. Adult guillemots gather near the colony during the fledging period and call loudly, thus indicating a safe landing place. In both species, fledging is highly synchronized and condensed into a few days and night-time hours, thus causing a swamping effect that reduces total losses among fledglings.
Symptomatic vs. non-symptomatic device-related thrombus after LAAC: a sub-analysis from the multicenter EUROC-DRT registry
Authors: Vij Vivian , Cruz-González Ignacio , Galea Roberto , Piayda Kerstin , Nelles Dominik , Vogt Lara , Gloekler Steffen , Fürholz Monika , Meier Bernhard , Räber Lorenz , O’Hara Gilles , Arzamendi Dabit , Agudelo Victor , Asmarats Lluis , Freixa Xavier , Flores-Umanzor Eduardo , De Backer Ole , Sondergaard Lars , Nombela-Franco Luis , McInerney Angela , Salinas Pablo , Korsholm Kasper , Nielsen-Kudsk Jens Erik , Afzal Shazia , Zeus Tobias , Operhalski Felix , Schmidt Boris , Montalescot Gilles , Guedeney Paul , Iriart Xavier , Miton Noelie , Saw Jacqueline , Gilhofer Thomas , Fauchier Laurent , Veliqi Egzon , Meincke Felix , Petri Nils , Nordbeck Peter , Gonzalez-Ferreiro Rocio , Bhatt Deepak L. , Laricchia Alessandra , Mangieri Antonio , Omran Heyder , Schrickel Jan Wilko , Rodes-Cabau Josep , Nickenig Georg , Sievert Horst , Sedaghat Alexander 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Device-related thrombus (DRT) after left atrial appendage closure (LAAC) is associated with adverse outcomes, i.e. ischemic stroke or systemic embolism (SE). Data on predictors of stroke/SE in the context of DRT are limited.

Aims
This study aimed to identify predisposing factors for stroke/SE in DRT patients. In addition, the temporal connection of stroke/SE to DRT diagnosis was analyzed.

Methods
The EUROC-DRT registry included 176 patients, in whom DRT after LAAC were diagnosed. Patients with symptomatic DRT, defined as stroke/SE in the context of DRT diagnosis, were compared against patients with non-symptomatic DRT. Baseline characteristics, anti-thrombotic regimens, device position, and timing of stroke/SE were compared.

Results
Stroke/SE occurred in 25/176 (14.2%) patients diagnosed with DRT (symptomatic DRT). Stroke/SE occurred after a median of 198 days (IQR 37–558) after LAAC. In 45.8% stroke/SE occurred within one month before/after DRT diagnosis (DRT-related stroke). Patients with symptomatic DRT had lower left ventricular ejection fractions (50.0 ± 9.1% vs. 54.2 ± 11.0%, p = 0.03) and higher rates of non-paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (84.0% vs. 64.9%, p = 0.06). Other baseline parameters and device positions were not different. Most ischemic events occurred among patients with single antiplatelet therapy (50%), however, stroke/SE was also observed under dual antiplatelet therapy (25%) or oral anticoagulation (20%).

Conclusion
Stroke/SE are documented in 14.2% and occur both in close temporal relation to the DRT finding and chronologically independently therefrom. Identification of risk factors remains cumbersome, putting all DRT patients at substantial risk for stroke/SE. Further studies are necessary to minimize the risk of DRT and ischemic events.

Graphical Abstract
60 years of OR in Slovenia: development from a first conference to a vibrant community
Authors: Povh Janez , Zadnik Stirn Lidija , Žerovnik Janez 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe paper provides a short history of the operations research (OR) in Slovenia. Some major events and achievements are mentioned and briefly discussed. The period starts in the year 1964, with the first symposium on OR in Slovenia. In the following decades, there were several important milestones: (1) the start of master’s and Ph.D. studies in OR in 1974, (2) the establishment of SSI-SSOR in 1992 (SSI-SSOR stands for the Slovenian Section for Operational Research within the Slovenian Society of Informatics), and (3) the start of a series of symposia in operations research in 1993. All these activities resulted in an extensive list of publications, projects, and monographs and international connections, proving that OR is still a vibrant field, which facilitates knowledge transfer from pure research to business applications.
Establishing Geomorphic Reference Criteria for Design of River Diversions Around Mine Pits in the Pilbara, Western Australia
Authors: Flatley Alissa , Rutherfurd Ian 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe poor condition of river diversion channels can prevent mining companies from relinquishing their mine to the government after mining has ceased. Many regions lack a locally derived template for integrating appropriate geomorphic and hydraulic conditions from unmodified river channels into river diversion designs to help guide post-mining closure activities. Establishing baseline geomorphic reference criteria for unmodified catchments can guide restoration efforts to allow recovery and stability of the fluvial system. Design-wise, channels should be built so that flow conditions are able to move sediment, but not high enough to accelerate erosion in the channel. We used natural headwater channels to inform a regional guide for geomorphic criteria for artificial channels constructed in the Pilbara, Western Australia. We provide guideline hydraulic criteria for specific channel types, including velocity, stream power, and bed shear stress values for five key channel types: alluvial single thread (≥ cobble) and single thread (sand), bedrock/confined channel sections, island-barform channels, and heavily vegetated channels.