bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The IMpact of PerioperAtive KeTamine on Enhanced Recovery after Abdominal Surgery (IMPAKT ERAS): protocol for a pragmatic, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Raymond Britany L. , Allen Brian F.S. , Freundlich Robert E. , Parrish Crystal G. , Jayaram Jennifer E. , Wanderer Jonathan P. , Rice Todd W. , Lindsell Christopher J. , Scharfman Kevin H. , Dear Mary L. , Gao Yue , Hiser William D. , McEvoy Matthew D. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background:

Multimodal analgesic strategies that reduce perioperative opioid consumption are well-supported in Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) literature. However, the optimal analgesic regimen has not been established, as the contributions of each individual agent to the overall analgesic efficacy with opioid reduction remains unknown. Perioperative ketamine infusions can decrease opioid consumption and opioid-related side effects. However, as opioid requirements are drastically minimized within ERAS models, the differential effects of ketamine within an ERAS pathway remain unknown. We aim to pragmatically investigate through a learning healthcare system infrastructure how the addition of a perioperative ketamine infusion to mature ERAS pathways affects functional recovery.

Methods:

The IMPAKT ERAS trial (IMpact of PerioperAtive KeTamine on Enhanced Recovery after Abdominal Surgery) is a single center, pragmatic, randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled trial. 1544 patients undergoing major abdominal surgery will be randomly allocated to receive intraoperative and postoperative (up to 48 hours) ketamine versus placebo infusions as part of a perioperative multimodal analgesic regimen. The primary outcome is length of stay, defined as surgical start time until hospital discharge. Secondary outcomes will include a variety of in-hospital clinical end points derived from the electronic health record.

Discussion:

We aimed to launch a large-scale, pragmatic trial that would easily integrate into routine clinical workflow. Implementation of a modified consent process was critical to preserving our pragmatic design, permitting an efficient, low-cost model without reliance on external study personnel. Therefore, we partnered with leaders of our Investigational Review Board to develop a novel, modified consent process and shortened written consent form that would meet all standard elements of informed consent, yet also allow clinical providers the ability to recruit and enroll patients during their clinical workflow. Our trial design has created a platform for subsequent pragmatic studies at our institution.

Trial registration number:

NCT04625283, Pre-results
Protocol Version 1.0, 2021
Pan-cancer analysis of potential biological function and prognostic value of copper homeostasis related gene ferredoxin-1
Authors: Lu Shuai , Rao Benqiang , Yang Penghui 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The copper-dependent programmed cell death known as cuprotosis is closely related to metabolic pathways. Ferredoxin 1 (FDX1) can reduce Cu2+to more toxic Cu+, and has a direct relationship with protein acylation, which jointly promotes the occurrence of cuprotosis. There is still no clear understanding of how FDX1 plays a role in pan-cancer biology. In this study, we explored how FDX1 functioned in human cancer and its role in immune regulation. Cancers such as clear cell renal cell carcinoma, lung cancer, liver cancer, and thyroid cancer demonstrate down-regulation of FDX1, and overexpression of FDX1 improves the prognosis of these patients. Furthermore, we performed qRT-PCR to verify the expression of FDX1 in colon cancer and liver cancer cell lines, along with their normal cell lines. In addition, we discussed the mutation status of FDX1 in human cancers, as well as its level of methylation and phosphorylation. FDX1 infiltration was significantly correlated with those of endothelial cells, cancer-associated fibroblasts, and monotype cells, as determined by analysis of immunocyte infiltration. The results of single cell sequencing showed that a key role played by FDX1 in inflammatory responses, DNA damage and other biological behaviors of cancer cells. It was concluded from the enrichment analysis of FDX1 and its co-expression gene that FDX1 regulates the lipid metabolism of cancer cells. In summary, our research comprehensively summarized the progress, prognosis, biological functions and immune response of FDX1 in human cancer.
Ethnicity- and Sex-Specific Genome-Wide Association Study on Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Chung Sun Ju , Park Kye Won , Ryu Ho-Sung , Shin Eunsoon , Park YoonGi , Jeon Sang Ryong , Kim Seong Yoon , KIM JAE SEUNG , Koh Seong-Beom 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Most previous genome-wide association studies (GWASs) on Parkinson’s disease (PD) focus on the European population. There are several sex-specific clinical differences in PD, but little is known about its genetic background. In this study, we aimed to perform an ethnicity-specific, and sex-specific GWAS on PD in the Korean population. A total of 1,050 Korean PD patients and 5,000 controls were included. For primary analysis, we performed a GWAS using a logistic additive model adjusted for age and sex. Same statistical models were also applied to sex-specific analyses. Genotyping was performed using a customized microarray chip that is optimal for the Korean population. Nine single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) including four in the SNCA locus and three from the PARK16 locus were associated with PD in Koreans. The rs34778348 in the LRRK2 locus showed a strong association, though failed to pass cluster quality control. There were no notable genome-wide significant markers near the MAPT or GBA loci. In the female-only analysis, rs34778348 in LRRK2 and the four other SNPs in the SNCA showed strong association with PD. In the male-only analysis, no SNP surpassed the genome-wide significance threshold under Bonferroni correction; however, the most significant signal was rs708726 in the PARK16 locus. This ethnicity- and sex-specific GWAS on PD implicates the pan-ethnic effect of SNCA, universal but East-Asian inclined effect of PARK16, East Asian-specific role of LRRK2 G2385R variants, and the possible disproportionate effect of SNCA and PARK16 between sexes for PD susceptibility. These findings suggest the different genetic contributions to sporadic PD in terms of ethnicity and sex.
Identification and Validation of eight Lysosomes-related genes signatures and correlation with immune cell infiltration in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Song Dingli , Zhao Lili , Zhao Guang , Hao Qian , Wu Jie , Ren Hong , Zhang Boxiang 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death. Lysosomes are key degradative compartments that maintain protein homeostasis. In current study, we aimed to construct an lysosomes-related genes signature to predict the overall survival (OS) of patients with Lung Adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Results An eight prognostic genes (ACAP3, ATP8B3, BTK, CAV2, CDK5R1, GRIA1, PCSK9, and PLA2G3) signature was identified and divided patients into high-risk and low-risk groups. The prognostic signature was an independent prognostic factor for OS (HR > 1, p < 0.001). The molecular function analysis suggested that the signature was significant correlated with cancer-associated pathways, including angiogenesis, epithelial mesenchymal transition, mTOR signaling, myc-targets. The low-risk patients had higher immune cell infiltration levels than high-risk group. We also evaluated the response to chemotherapeutic, targeted therapy and immunotherapy in high- and low-risk patients with LUAD. Furthermore, we validated the expression of the eight gene expression in LUAD tissues and cell lines by qRT-PCR. Conclusions LYSscore signature provide a new modality for the accurate diagnosis and targeted treatment of LUAD and will help expand researchers’ understanding of new prognostic models.
Immediate Visual Reproduction Negatively Correlates with Brain Entropy of Parahippocampal Gyrus and Inferior Occipital Gyrus in Bipolar II Disorder Adolescents
Authors: Liu Haiqin , Gao Weijia , Cao Weifang , Meng Qingmin , Xu Longchun , Kuang Liangfeng , Guo Yongxin , Cui Dong , Qiu Jianfeng , Jiao Qing , Su Linyan , Lu Guangming 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Brain entropy reveals complexity and irregularity of brain, and it has been proven to reflect brain complexity alteration in disease states. Previous studies found that bipolar disorder adolescents showed cognitive impairment. The relationship between complexity of brain neural activity and cognition of bipolar II disorder (BD-II) adolescents remains unclear.
Methods
Nineteen BD-II patients (14.63 ± 1.57 years old) and seventeen age-gender matched healthy controls (HCs) (14.18 ± 1.51 years old) were enlisted. Entropy values of all voxels of the brain in resting-state functional MRI data were calculated and differences of them between BD-II and HCs groups were evaluated. After that, correlation analyses were performed between entropy values of brain regions showing significant entropy differences and clinical indices in BD-II adolescents.
Results
Significant differences were found in scores of immediate visual reproduction subtest, trail making test and Stroop color-word test between the two groups. Compared with HCs, BD-II adolescents showed significant increased brain entropy in right parahippocampal gyrus and right inferior occipital gyrus. Besides, significant negative correlations between brain entropy values of right parahippocampal gyrus, right inferior occipital gyrus and immediate visual reproduction subtest scores were observed in BD-II adolescents.
Conclusions
The findings of the present study suggested that the disrupted function of corticolimbic system is related with cognitive abnormality of BD-II adolescents. And from the perspective temporal dynamics of brain system, the current study, brain entropy may provide available evidences for understanding the underlying neural mechanism in BD-II adolescents
CT findings and clinical characteristics in distinguishing renal urothelial carcinoma mimicking renal cell carcinoma from clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Chen Xin , Feng Xiao , Chen Yidi , Huang Fuling , Long Liling 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: We aimed to characterize the clinical and multiphase computed tomography (CT) features, which can distinguish renal urothelial carcinoma (RUC) mimicking renal cell carcinoma (RCC) from clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) with collecting system invasion (CSI).
Methods: Data from 56 patients with RUC (46 men and 10 women) and 366 patients with ccRCC (262 men and 104 women) were collected and assessed retrospectively. The median age was 65.50 (IQR: 56.25–69.75) and 53.50 (IQR: 42.25–62.5) years, respectively. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed on clinical and CT characteristics to determine independent factors for distinguishing RUC and ccRCC, and an integrated predictive model was constructed. Differential diagnostic performance was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC).
Results: The independent predictors for differentiating RUC from ccRCC were infiltrative growth pattern, hydronephrosis, heterogeneous enhancement, preserving reniform contour, and hematuria. The differential diagnostic performance of the integrated predictive model (AUC: 0.960, sensitivity: 92.1%, specificity: 89.3%) was better than that of the infiltrative growth pattern (AUC: 0.830, sensitivity: 71.9%, specificity: 92.9%), heterogeneous enhancement (AUC: 0.771, sensitivity: 86.3%, specificity: 67.9%), preserving reniform contour (AUC=0.758, sensitivity: 85.5%, specificity: 66.1%), hydronephrosis (AUC: 0.733, sensitivity: 87.7%, specificity: 58.9%), or hematuria (AUC: 0.706, sensitivity: 79.5%, specificity: 51.8%).
Conclusion: The CT and clinical characteristics showed extraordinary discriminative abilities in the differential diagnosis of RUC and ccRCC, which might provide helpful information for clinical decision-making.
Quantum neural network cost function concentration dependency on the parametrization expressivity
Authors: Friedrich Lucas , Maziero Jonas 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Although we are currently in the era of noisy intermediate scale quantum devices, several studies are being conducted with the aim of bringing machine learning to the quantum domain. Currently, quantum variational circuits are one of the main strategies used to build such models. However, despite its widespread use, we still do not know what are the minimum resources needed to create a quantum machine learning model. In this article, we analyze how the expressiveness of the parametrization affects the cost function. We analytically show that the more expressive the parametrization is, the more the cost function will tend to concentrate around a value that depends both on the chosen observable and on the number of qubits used. For this, we initially obtain a relationship between the expressiveness of the parametrization and the mean value of the cost function. Afterwards, we relate the expressivity of the parametrization with the variance of the cost function. Finally, we show some numerical simulation results that confirm our theoretical-analytical predictions.To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that these two important aspects of quantum neural networks are explicitly connected.
Numerical Analysis of the flow field in the torque converter
Authors: WANG Lijun , WU Guangqiang 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) based on the finite volume method (FVM) is used to simulate the three-dimensional viscous flow in a torque converter. The simulation result is in good coincidence with the test value and is analyzed theoretically. First, rotor enthalpy is applied to evaluate the hydraulic performance of the torque converter. It is effective to locate and classify hydraulic losses according to the drop in rotor enthalpy. Then, the mechanisms of the jet-wake and secondary flow are analyzed. There is strong coupling between the jet-wake and the secondary flow. The jet-wake flow begins with low-speed flow at the suction-core corner, which is transported to the suction side of the pump blade by the secondary flow. Finally, a prediction model of mainstream vorticity charging with pitch-wise and span-wise components is deduced from the momentum equation. The prediction model reveals that there is a positive mainstream vorticity in the first half of the pump flow channel and a negative value in the second half, which is consistent with the CFD result.
Risk factors for clinical stages of COVID-19 amongst employees of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) worldwide over a period of 12 months.
Authors: Tinti Maria Carla , Guisolan Stéphanie Cécilia , Althaus Fabrice , Rossi Rodolfo 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: Essential workers carry a higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 mortality than individuals working in non-essential activities. Scientific studies on COVID-19 risk factors and clinical courses for humanitarian aid workers (HAW) specifically are lacking. The nature of their work brings HAW in proximity to various populations, therefore potentially exposing them to the virus. The objective of this study is to assess severity degrees of COVID-19 in relation to multiple risk factors in a cohort of HAW.
Methods: retrospective cohort study of data collected by the Staff Health Unit of the International Committee of the Red Cross, over 12 months (February 2021 – January 2022). Prevalence of demographic and health risk factors and outcome events were calculated. Factors associated with disease severity were explored in univariable and multivariable logistic regression models. Resulting OR were reported with 95%CI and p-values from Wald Test. P-values <0.05 were considered significant.
Results: We included 2377 patients. The mean age was 39.5y.o. Two thirds of the patients were males, and 3/4 were national staff. Most cases (3/4) were reported by three regions (Africa, Asia and Middle East). Over 95% of patients were either asymptomatic or presented mild symptoms, 9 died (CFR 0.38%). Fifty-two patients were hospitalised and 7 needed a medical evacuation outside the country of assignment. A minority (14.76%) of patients had at least one risk factor for severe disease; the most recorded one was high blood pressure (4.6%). Over 55% of cases occurred during the predominance of Delta Variant of Concern. All pre-existing risk factors were significantly associated with a moderate or higher severity of the disease (except pregnancy and immunosuppression).
Conclusions: We found strong epidemiological evidence of associations between comorbidities, old age, and the severity of COVID-19. Increased occupational risks of moderate to severe forms of COVID-19 do not only depend on workplace safety but also on social contacts and context.
Cardiotoxicity of HER-2-targeted drugs when combined with other drugs: A systematic review and single-rate meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Jiakun , Meng Zhengyuan , Xv Yidan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Objective: To assess the incidence of cardiovascular adverse events when HER-2-targeted drugs were combined with other drugs.
Methods: We looked through the literature on the cardiotoxicity of anti-HER-2 drugs in electronic databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, OVID and CNKI, from their inception to April 2022. The Cochrane Collaboration’s tool for assessing risk of bias and the Jadad scale were used to evaluate the risk of bias and quality of the studies, respectively. The meta-analysis was performed using R 4.2.1.
Outcomes: We included 41 randomized clinical trials (RCTs) in the meta-analysis, consisting of 56 groups and 31,934 patients. The meta-analysis revealed the following: 1) The incidence of cardiotoxicity in groups given monoclonal antibody treatment was 10%-14%, while in groups given antibody‒drug conjugates (ADC), it was 1%-5%, a significant difference (P<0.01). 2) When monoclonal antibodies were combined with chemotherapy, the incidence of cardiotoxicity under anthracycline-containing therapy (10.3%) was significantly higher than that under non-anthracycline-containing therapy (8.8%). 3) Significant differences were found between subgroups except the endocrine group and others, though this kind of difference might result from the different inclusion criteria of the original trials.
Conclusion: 1) When anti-HER-2 drugs are given together with anthracycline-containing chemotherapy, the incidence of cardiotoxicity is obviously higher than with other drugs. 2) Safety rewards could be gained if traditional monoclonal antibodies are replaced by ADCs. The detailed use of drugs requires joint efforts by oncologists and cardiologists.
A descriptive study of vCare: a virtual emergency clinical advisory and transfer service in rural and remote Australia
Authors: Dean Kimberley , Chang Cynthia , McKenna Erin , Nott Shannon , Hunter Amanda , Tall Julie , Setterfield Madeline , Addis Bridget , Webster Emma 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: Provision of critical care in rural areas is challenging due to geographic distance, smaller facilities, generalist skill mix and population characteristics. Virtual emergency clinical advisory and transfer service (vCare) is a novel service developed to utilize telehealth to overcome these challenges. We describe patient encounters with vCare from initial referral to destination and survival, and to provide insights into strengths and weaknesses of the service as well as areas for further educational and research opportunities.
Methods: This retrospective observational study reviewed all patients using vCare in rural and remote Australia for advice and/or inter-hospital transfer for higher level of care between February and March 2021. Data, extracted from electronic medical records and descriptively analyzed, included patient demographics, clinicians involved, resources utilized, transfer features, escalation of care, post-transfer care and survival.
Results: 1,672 critical care patients were supported by vCare, with children (12.5%), adults (50.5%) and older people (36.9%) evenly split between genders. Clinicians mainly referred to vCare for trauma (15.1%), cardiac (16.1%) and gastroenterological (14.8%) presentations. A referral to vCare led to an escalation of invasive intervention, skill and resources for patient care. vCare cameras were used in 19.2% of cases. Overall, 68% (n=1,144) of patients required transfer. Of those, 95% were transferred to major regional hospitals and 12% required secondary transfer to higher acuity hospitals. Of high-urgency referrals, 42.6% did not receive high priority transport. Imaging most requested included CT and MRI scans (37.2%). Admissions were for physician (33.1%) and surgical care (23.3%). The survival rate was 99%.
Conclusion: vCare was used by staff in rural and remote facilities to support decision making about delivery of care to patients in a critical condition. Its strengths lie in the provision of timely escalation of care, streamlined patient transfer and assisting patients in accessing care close to home. However, it does not replace the role of clinicians on the ground. Utilization of telehealth tools, such as cameras, was unexpectedly low and other weaknesses included limited high priority transfers, high proportion of secondary transfers and heavy reliance on regional sites for specialty care and imaging.
The glioblastoma suppression effect of recombinant Newcastle disease virus harboring the PTEN gene delivered intravenously to a U87 MG PTEN mutant glioblastoma cell-bearing orthotropic mouse model
Authors: Kim Seonhee , Jung Bo-Kyung , An Yong Hee , Piao Shuyu , Kim Minsoo , Jang Sung Hoon , Jang Hyun , Kim Cuk-Seong 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most malignant brain tumor and is associated with a low survival and high recurrence rate. Deletions and mutations in phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), a tumor suppressor gene, are associated with therapeutic resistance. In this study, we constructed a recombinant Newcastle disease virus (rNDV) overexpressing human PTEN (rNDV-PTEN) in GBM cells. PTEN overexpression decreased cell proliferation and migration and induced apoptosis in U87 MG cells. GBM tumorigenesis was also examined in vivo using orthotopic mouse models. rNDV and rNDV-PTEN crossed the blood–brain barrier to reach the GBM in the brain. A reduction in GBM size in mice treated intravenously with rNDV-PTEN was confirmed by in vivo and magnetic resonance imaging. PTEN overexpression increased mTOR dephosphorylation and decreased autophagy. As a result, the levels of pre-apoptotic markers such as caspases 3, 8, and 9 and Bax were increased in PTEN-overexpressing GBM cells. Taken together, these results suggest that PTEN overexpression via rNDV treatment promotes apoptosis of GBM cells by disrupting mTOR signaling and autophagy, suggesting a new strategy to treat GBM.