bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
JOINING OF WOODEN STRUCTURES USING INSERT THREADE STEEL WASHERS
Authors: VANIN I. V. , ARISKIN M. V. 
Published: February 2023

Introduction. Wood, being an affordable and renewable material characterized by high strength characteristics, is used in construction for both residential and non-residential buildings, as well as various structures. The strength and durability of buildings based on wooden structures largely depend on the strength and reliability of joints between wooden elements. At present, various types of nodal joints used in wooden structures all exhibit certain advantages and disadvantages, calling for an improvement and development of new types of joints having high strength and manufacturability.Aim. In this work, the behavior of an improved joint of wooden structures using insert steel washers was investigated, along with the development of their manufacturing technology and methodology for studying.Materials and methods. The investigation of the joint involves manufacturing a series of samples and conducting an experiment in order to determine the load to failure and ultimate strain.Results. The manufacturing method of a joint and the experimental procedure were developed; values of load to failure and deformation were determined experimentally, with the deformation curves being plotted. It was revealed that the threaded connection of an insert steel washer and a rod leads to a decrease in the bearing capacity of the joint due to the thrust occurring in the adhesive line. In addition, it was established that the parameters of the steel washers affect the joint behavior.Conclusion. Experimental studies of the joint showed that the threaded connection between the rod and the insert steel washers fails to increase the bearing capacity and stiffness of the joint due to the early failure of an adhesive line and the separation of the washers from a wooden element. However, using additional joints that accept the thrust in the connection can solve this problem. It is necessary to conduct additional research in order to assess the feasibility of using such a connection.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF SNOW LOAD DISTRIBUTION ON A SHELL OF THE GRAND SPORTS ARENA OF LUZHNIKI OLYMPIC COMPLEX
Authors: LEBEDEVA I. V. , FARFEL M. I. , KONYASHIN D. Yu. , BEREZIN M. M. 
Published: February 2023

Introduction. The mechanism of the formation of snow deposits on the shell of the Luzhniki GSA and their redistribution in winter were established on the basis of the data obtained during the monitoring of the snow load for over 20 years.Aim. In this article, the mechanism of the formation of snow deposits and their distribution on the shell of the Luzhniki GSA were determined, along with the numerical values of the form factor μ characterizing the transition from the ground snow load to the snow load on the shell.Materials and methods. The measurements of the load and density of snow deposits on the shell of the Luzhniki GSA were carried out from 1998 to 2019. The obtained results were compared with the parallel measurements of ground snow load (GSL) in Luzhniki. In addition, the snow load, as well as statistical data analysis on the maximum annual values of the GSL, were analyzed using the hydrometeorological data of decadic snow surveys in Moscow, performed by the V.A. Mikhelson Meteorological Observatory following the dates of field measurements. The graphs of the repeatability of wind directions for the month preceding the observation dates were plotted.Results. The maximum values of the form factor μ for each section of the shell were obtained. The areas characterized by increased snow deposition on the shell during various periods of snow accumulation andthe dependence of their formation on wind speeds and directions in winter were revealed. Graphs depicting the distribution of snow load on the surface by observation years were plotted. It was established that the values of snow loads on the GSA shell during the observation period generally lay within the design values, except for local zones near the internal contour during the installation of the canopy.Conclusion. It was shown that the formation, accumulation, and redistribution of snow deposits on the shell comprise a complex and uneven process, varying from winter to winter. When selecting the analytical models of snow loads for calculating unique load-bearing structures, it is necessary to account for the most unfavorable wind flow directions, at which an uneven snow deposition pattern occurs, as well as the physical properties of the shell and field observations.
USE OF ANALYTICAL METHOD FOR CALCULATING STIFFNESSES OF STRAIGHT WAFFLE SLABS. PART 2. CALCULATION USING RELATIVE STIFFNESS OF BEAMS
Authors: MOZGOLOV M. V. , KOZLOVA E. V. 
Published: February 2023

Introduction. The analytical calculation of reinforced concrete waffle slabs calls for the determination of the components of total load on joists, depending on the dimensions of spans and the rigidity of central joists. In the case of slabs having rectangular coffers of various orthogonal rigidity, this theory leads to results differing significantly from those obtained by the finite element method. The waffle slab comprises a ribbed slab, characterized by cylindrical or relative beam stiffness.Aim. This article discusses the accuracy of the calculated span bending moments in the joists of straight reinforced concrete waffle slabs using the span dimensions and relative stiffness of joists in analytical formulas.Materials and methods. The work was carried out by comparing the bending moments for joists in the central zones of straight waffle slabs obtained analytically and using the SCAD software by the finite-element method. Square or rectangular in plan, 13 slabs having different aspect ratios of waffle were considered. A T-beam and girder construction were used in the computer model.Results. The maximum deviations of the bending moments obtained by the analytical calculation from the computer-aided method amount to: -0.6% for a square slab having square coffers, from -2.8 to +2.5% for a square slab having rectangular coffers, from -6.2 to +2.0% at a span ratio of Lmax/Lmin ≤ 1.5 for a rectangular slab having rectangular coffers, and from -7.3 to +4.8% for those having square coffers. For rectangular slabs having any coffers at a span ratio of Lmax/Lmin ≥ 1.75, a computer-aided calculation revealed that the plot of bending moments in the long-side direction deviates from parabola.Conclusions. The use of the span dimensions and relative stiffness of joists in the analytical formulas for calculating straight hinge-supported reinforced concrete waffle slabs allows the values of bending moments to be obtained that are in agreement with those obtained by the finite element method.
CALCULATION OF REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES: CONSIDERATIONS ON DEVELOPING NEW THEORY
Authors: NAZARENKO V. G. , ZVEZDOV A. I. , LARIONOV E. A. 
Published: February 2023

Introduction. Current regulatory documents in the field of concrete and reinforced concrete are based mainly on research results obtained in the past century.Aim. This article addresses the approaches to improve the theory of calculation of concrete and reinforced concrete structures, in the light of the accumulated knowledge.Materials and methods. Since concrete structures belong to non-conservative systems, it is inaccurate to determine the forces arising in them using standard methods of structural mechanics. To achieve this goal, the deformation and relaxation problems for an axially compressed concrete fiber were solved following the A.A. Gvozdev and K.Z. Galustov’s two-component theory of creep, where deformations are categorized on the basis of reversibility.Results. Historical background was provided. Proposed by the authors of this article is a solution to the deformation and relaxation problems for the elementary part of a concrete structure for the case of axial compression, since such an event is impossible. In this regard, it was suggested that estimating the loss of stability by Euler is also incorrect. It was observed that the achieved maximum load-bearing capacity of the construction is equivalent to zero resistibility, with a progressive collapse occurring. For further research, it was proposed to use the hypothesis of a straight normal, assuming that this law is valid in the absence of tangential stresses in the studied sections of the structure.Conclusions. To improve the theory of calculation of concrete and reinforced concrete structures, it is necessary to revise drastically the existing approach to scientific research.
TESS Hunt for Young and Maturing Exoplanets (THYME). IX. A 27 Myr Extended Population of Lower Centaurus Crux with a Transiting Two-planet System
Authors: Wood Mackenna L. , Mann Andrew W. , Barber Madyson G. , Bush Jonathan L. , Kraus Adam L. , Tofflemire Benjamin M. , Vanderburg Andrew , Newton Elisabeth R. , Feiden Gregory A. , Zhou George , Bouma Luke G. , Quinn Samuel N. , Armstrong David J. , Osborn Ares , Adibekyan Vardan , Mena Elisa Delgado , Sousa Sergio G. , Gagné Jonathan , Fields Matthew J. , Milburn Reilly P. , Thao Pa Chia , Schmidt Stephen P. , Gnilka Crystal L. , Howell Steve B. , Law Nicholas M. , Ziegler Carl , Briceño César , Ricker George R. , Vanderspek Roland , Latham David W. , Seager Sara , Winn Joshua N. , Jenkins Jon M. , Schlieder Joshua E. , Osborn Hugh P. , Twicken Joseph D. , Ciardi David R. , Huang Chelsea X. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We report the discovery and characterization of a nearby (∼85 pc), older (27 ± 3 Myr), distributed stellar population near Lower Centaurus Crux (LCC), initially identified by searching for stars comoving with a candidate transiting planet from TESS (HD 109833; TOI 1097). We determine the association membership using Gaia kinematics, color–magnitude information, and rotation periods of candidate members. We measure its age using isochrones, gyrochronology, and Li depletion. While the association is near known populations of LCC, we find that it is older than any previously found LCC subgroup (10–16 Myr), and distinct in both position and velocity. In addition to the candidate planets around HD 109833, the association contains four directly imaged planetary-mass companions around three stars, YSES-1, YSES-2, and HD 95086, all of which were previously assigned membership in the younger LCC. Using the Notch pipeline, we identify a second candidate transiting planet around HD 109833. We use a suite of ground-based follow-up observations to validate the two transit signals as planetary in nature. HD 109833 b and c join the small but growing population of <100 Myr transiting planets from TESS. HD 109833 has a rotation period and Li abundance indicative of a young age (≲100 Myr), but a position and velocity on the outskirts of the new population, lower Li levels than similar members, and a color–magnitude diagram position below model predictions for 27 Myr. So, we cannot reject the possibility that HD 109833 is a young field star coincidentally nearby the population.
COSMOS2020: Identification of High-z Protocluster Candidates in COSMOS
Authors: Brinch Malte , Greve Thomas R. , Weaver John R. , Brammer Gabriel , Ilbert Olivier , Shuntov Marko , Jin Shuowen , Liu Daizhong , Giménez-Arteaga Clara , Casey Caitlin M. , Davidson Iary , Fujimoto Seiji , Koekemoer Anton M. , Kokorev Vasily , Magdis Georgios , McCracken H. J. , McPartland Conor J. R. , Mobasher Bahram , Sanders David B. , Toft Sune , Valentino Francesco , Zamorani Giovanni , Zavala Jorge ,   The COSMOS Team
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We conduct a systematic search for protocluster candidates at z ≥ 6 in the Cosmic Evolution Survey (COSMOS) field using the recently released COSMOS2020 source catalog. We select galaxies using a number of selection criteria to obtain a sample of galaxies that have a high probability of being inside a given redshift bin. We then apply overdensity analysis to the bins using two density estimators, a Weighted Adaptive Kernel estimator and a Weighted Voronoi Tessellation estimator. We have found 15 significant (>4σ) candidate galaxy overdensities across the redshift range 6 ≤ z ≤ 7.7. The majority of the galaxies appear to be on the galaxy main sequence at their respective epochs. We use multiple stellar-mass-to-halo-mass conversion methods to obtain a range of dark matter halo mass estimates for the overdensities in the range of ∼1011–1013
M
⊙, at the respective redshifts of the overdensities. The number and the masses of the halos associated with our protocluster candidates are consistent with what is expected from the area of a COSMOS-like survey in a standard Λ cold dark matter cosmology. Through comparison with simulation, we expect that all of the overdensities at z ≃ 6 will evolve into Virgo-/Coma-like clusters at present (i.e., with masses ∼1014–1015
M
⊙). Compared to other overdensities identified at z ≥ 6 via narrowband selection techniques, the overdensities presented appear to have ∼10× higher stellar masses and star formation rates (SFRs). We compare the evolution in the total SFR and stellar mass content of the protocluster candidates across the redshift range 6 ≤ z ≤ 7.7 and find agreement with the total average SFR from simulations.
Size and Spectroscopic Evolution of HectoMAP Quiescent Galaxies
Authors: Damjanov Ivana , Sohn Jubee , Geller Margaret J. , Utsumi Yousuke , Dell’Antonio Ian 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The HectoMAP survey provides a complete, mass-limited sample of 30,231 quiescent galaxies with i-band Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program (HSC SSP) imaging that spans the redshift range 0.2 < z < 0.6. We combine half-light radii based on HSC SSP imaging with redshifts and D

n
4000 to explore the size–mass relation,

R

e

=
A
×

M

*

α

, and its evolution for the entire HectoMAP quiescent population and for two subsets of the data. Newcomers with 1.5 < D

n
4000 < 1.6 at each redshift show a steeper increase in A as the universe ages than the population that descends from galaxies that are already quiescent at the survey limit, z ∼ 0.6 (the resident population). In broad agreement with previous studies, evolution in the size–mass relation both for the entire HectoMAP sample and for the resident population (but not for the newcomers alone) is consistent with minor merger driven growth. For the resident population, the evolution in the size–mass relation is independent of the population age at z ∼ 0.6. The contrast between the sample of newcomers and the resident population provides insight into the role of commonly termed “progenitor bias” on the evolution of the size–mass relation.
Arp 220: A Post-starburst Galaxy with Little Current Star Formation outside of Its Nuclear Disks
Authors: Chandar Rupali , Caputo Miranda , Linden Sean , Mok Angus , Whitmore Bradley C. , Calzetti Daniela , Elmegreen Debra M. , Lee Janice C. , Ubeda Leonardo , White Richard , Cook David O. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The ultraluminous infrared galaxy Arp 220 is a late-stage merger with several tidal structures in the outskirts and two very compact, dusty nuclei that show evidence for extreme star formation and host at least one active galactic nucleus (AGN). New and archival high-resolution images taken by the Hubble Space Telescope provide a state-of-the-art view of the structures, dust, and stellar clusters in Arp 220. These images cover the near-ultraviolet, optical, and near-infrared in both broad- and narrowband filters. We find that ∼90% of the Hα emission arises from a shock-ionized bubble emanating from the AGN in the western nucleus, while the nuclear disks dominate the Paβ emission. Four very young (∼3–6 Myr) but lower-mass (≲104
M
⊙) clusters are detected in Hα within a few arcseconds of the nuclei, but they produce less than 1% of the line emission. We see little evidence for a population of massive clusters younger than 100 Myr anywhere in Arp 220, unlike previous reports in the literature. From the masses and ages of the detected clusters, we find that star formation took place more or less continuously starting approximately a few gigayears ago with a moderate rate between ≈3 and 12 M
⊙ yr−1. Approximately 100 Myr ago, star formation shut off suddenly everywhere (possibly due to a merging event), except in the nuclear disks. A very recent flicker of weak star formation produced the four young, low-mass clusters, while the rest of the galaxy appears to have remained in a post-starburst state. Cluster ages indicate that the tidal structures on the west side of the galaxy are older than those on the east side, but all appear to predate the shutoff of star formation. Arp 220 has many of the characteristics expected of a “shocked post-starburst galaxy,” since most of the system has been in a post-starburst state for the past ∼100 Myr and the detected Hα emission arises from shocked rather than photoionized gas.
Les emplois du verbe reformuler dans les forums de discussion
Authors: Vassiliadou Hélène 
Published: February 2023

À travers l’analyse du verbe « reformuler » dans un corpus de forums de discussion, on propose une nouvelle entrée pour circonscrire la notion de reformulation et apporter des arguments supplémentaires en faveur de la restriction de son champ sémantique. Dans le type de corpus choisi, les locuteurs explicitent les stratégies qui sous-tendent leur activité reformulative. Il en ressort que l’intuition des locuteurs profanes confirme que reformuler signifie mettre en forme différemment afin de préciser, de clarifier la signification d’un segment.
La reformulation comme vecteur de développement de la littératie : le cas des apprenants adultes de (français) langue étrangère
Authors: Hidden Marie-Odile 
Published: February 2023

L’article porte sur un sujet encore peu étudié en didactique des langues, la reformulation par des adultes allophones comme vecteur de développement de la littératie. Il s’intéresse à la reformulation-réajustement, c’est-à-dire la recherche d’une formulation plus appropriée lors d’une tâche rédactionnelle. L’auteure présente et analyse les résultats d’une enquête et d’une expérimentation sur la reformulation auprès d’un groupe d’apprenants allophones de niveau B1 en français qui montrent que si ces apprenants parviennent à mettre en œuvre des opérations reformulantes relativement variées, ils rencontrent encore des difficultés non négligeables. Elle propose ensuite deux démarches pédagogiques favorisant la production de reformulations en langue étrangère.
La reformulation dans l’écriture collaborative : niveau d’engagement et pattern d’interaction
Authors: La Russa Francesca , Nuzzo Elena 
Published: February 2023

Dans cet article, nous nous intéressons à la reformulation d’apprenants d’italien L3 qui travaillent en binômes dans une tâche d’écriture collaborative, d’une portion variable (mot ou expression) de texte écrit après avoir reçu le feedback correctif. La reformulation est ici envisagée comme un processus collaboratif, dans lequel les apprenants travaillent ensemble sur la forme linguistique et co-construisent les connaissances pour arriver à la version reformulée. Nous observons ce processus en portant une attention particulière à deux facteurs : l’engagement des apprenants pendant la révision et la réécriture du texte et le pattern d’interaction entre eux. À cette fin, nous avons conduit une analyse qualitative des interactions entre deux binômes d’apprenants au cours de la révision et réécriture du texte, après avoir reçu du feedback de la part de l’enseignant. L’analyse des interactions montre qu’un niveau d’engagement élevé ainsi qu’un pattern d’interaction collaboratif dans cette phase mènent le plus souvent les apprenants à reformuler de manière correcte leurs erreurs.
Proposition d’une méthodologie de veille terminologique
Authors: Montané March Amor , Cabré Castellví Teresa 
Published: February 2023

La terminologie scientifique et technique apparaît avec la production de nouvelles connaissances. Ainsi, la terminologie utilisée dans les textes spécialisés permet de connaître l’état des connaissances dans un domaine donné et d’identifier les nouveaux termes y apparaissant. Ces nouveaux termes représentent en principe l’évolution des connaissances dans le domaine. De plus, comme on le sait, l’anglais est la langue internationale de référence pour la production scientifique et technique. Partant de cette hypothèse, le projet Guaita terminològica réalise une prospective terminologique : il vise à explorer des textes de divers domaines de connaissance en anglais afin d’extraire les nouveaux termes qu’ils contiennent et de leur trouver un équivalent approprié en catalan, anticipant ainsi la diffusion de l’emprunt en anglais. L’objectif principal du projet consiste à valider une nouvelle méthodologie de travail, basée sur l’exploration d’un corpus textuel composé de différentes éditions en anglais de manuels spécialisés. Les premiers résultats de l’application de cette méthodologie confirment que l’on peut détecter des termes néologiques en anglais nécessaires pour rendre compte de l’état des connaissances dans un domaine spécifique et qui n’ont pas d’équivalents en catalan. Par conséquent, les résultats peuvent contribuer efficacement à la mise à jour des bases terminologiques de référence, telles que Cercaterm (TERMCAT) ou le portail CiT (Institut d’Estudis Catalans).
L’innovation du business model par les entreprises de services professionnels réglementées : le cas de l’expertise-comptable « 100% en ligne »
Authors: Azzam Jamal Eddine , Caussimont Marie , Lecocq Xavier 
Published: February 2023

Cette recherche porte sur l’innovation du business model par les entreprises de services professionnels réglementées. Ce thème est important à explorer en raison de l’apparente contradiction entre les principes associés à l’innovation (hétérogénéité, nouveauté, variété, etc.) et ceux caractérisant les entreprises de services professionnels réglementées (stabilité, régulation, conformité, etc.). Nous avons mené une analyse approfondie du business model de l’expertise comptable 100% en ligne en France, un business model inédit pour ce secteur. Les résultats permettent de mettre en évidence les processus associés à l’introduction d’un business model innovant par les entreprises régulées ainsi que leurs conséquences. Nous présentons les implications théoriques pour la littérature sur les entreprises de services professionnels ainsi que pour les travaux sur l’innovation du business model . Codes JEL : L210, L26, M210, O310
La leçon de cosmographie d’Hervé Faye sur les comètes
Authors: Le Lay Colette 
Published: February 2023

La cosmographie est introduite en 1833 dans le cursus de mathématiques de la classe de rhétorique – l’équivalent de notre actuelle classe de Première ; la réforme « des mathématiques modernes » (1968-1971) signera l’arrêt de cet enseignement. Mais c’est en 1852, avec l’instauration d’une filière scientifique et d’une filière littéraire, que l’enseignement de la cosmographie se généralise effectivement : l’astronome Hervé Faye se conforme aux programmes en rédigeant en 1854 ses Leçons de cosmographie, à destination des enseignants – quel meilleur manuel que celui dont l’auteur avait découvert en 1843 une comète qui portera son nom, la comète 4/P Faye ?La leçon de Faye est de facture assez classique – sauf son évocation (hors programme, comme on dit), d’un potentiel « milieu résistant » dans lequel se meuvent les comètes : sujet du fameux éther luminifère qui tiendra en haleine les physiciens tout au long du XIXe s.À signaler aussi son évocation de la récurrente « peur des comètes », peur de 1773 (à propos d’un texte de Lalande sur les comètes !), et peur de la comète de Biela en 1832. Il semblerait qu’aujourd’hui les comètes (atchourissage du robot Philae sur la comète Tchourioumov-Guérassimenko, déc. 2014) suscitent un engouement presque aussi démesuré que la peur d’antan.