bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Magnitude and Severity of Depression and Associated Factors Among Hypertensive Patients Attending Follow-up Treatment at Public Hospitals of Hadiya Zone, Ethiopia
Authors: Nigusu Elias , Ermias Ruhama , Abose Selamu , Ezo Elias , Gebre Solomon , Mezgebu Taye 
Published: August 2023

Introduction Co-morbid depression in hypertension leads to non-adherence to anti-hypertensive treatment. Objective To assess the magnitude and severity of depression and associated factors among hypertensive patients attending follow-up treatment at public hospitals of Hadiya zone, Ethiopia, 2022. Methods Hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from January 1, to January 31, 2022. The total sample size was 315 and used a systematic random sampling technique. Data were collected through a face-to-face interview. Data were entered using Epi-data Version 4.6 and exported to SPSS Version 25 for analysis. The goodness-of-fit test was done. Binary logistic regression was done, and variables with a p-value of < .25 in the bivariable analysis were taken into the multivariable analysis. Statistically significant was declared at a p-value of < .05 with an adjusted odds ratio and 95% confidence interval. Result The magnitude of depression among hypertensive patients was 37.1% (95% CI 31.7–43.9). Regarding the severity, 56.1% had no depression, 6.7% had mild, 17.3% had moderate, 14.7% had moderately severe, and 5.1% had severe depression. Body mass index: 19.12–24.9 kg/m2 [AOR 0.06, 95% CI: 0.02–0.23], body mass index: 25–29.9 kg/m2 [AOR 0.08, 95% CI: 0.02–0.35], absence of family history hypertension [AOR 0.39, 95% CI: 0.18–0.85], presence of co-morbidity [AOR 2.43, 95% CI: 1.34–4.42), low perceived stress scale [AOR 0.07, 95% CI: 0.01–0.56], low medication adherence [AOR 2.70, 95% CI: 1.17–6.24], and moderate medication adherence [AOR 0.29, 95% CI: 0.09–0.88] were significantly associated. Conclusion About four in 10 hypertensive patients attending follow-up treatment were depressed. The mean score of severity of depression was mild. Body mass index, family history of hypertension, co-morbidity, perceived stress scale, and medication adherence were significantly associated with depression. Therefore, maintaining body mass index, screening and treating co-morbid illness, accommodating stress, and educating about medication adherence might minimize the risk of depression.
Lineage-specific detection of residual disease predicts relapse in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia stopping therapy
Authors: Pagani Ilaria S. , Shanmuganathan Naranie , Dang Phuong , Saunders Verity A. , Grose Randall , Kok Chung H. , James Jane , Tolland Molly , Braley Jodi A. , Altamura Haley K. , Yeung David T. , Branford Susan , Yong Agnes S. M. , Hughes Timothy P. , Ross David M. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Patients with chronic myeloid leukemia who are eligible for treatment-free remission (TFR) may still relapse after tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) cessation. There is a need for accurate predictors of outcome to enable patients with a favorable profile to proceed while avoiding futile attempts. Sensitive detection of residual disease in total leukocytes at treatment cessation is associated with relapse but is not highly discriminatory, likely because it is a composite measure of residual leukemia derived from different cell lineages, whereas only some lineages are relevant for relapse. We prospectively measured BCR::ABL1 DNA as a predictive yes/no binary test in 5 cellular fractions from 48 patients meeting conventional criteria for TKI discontinuation. The median BCR::ABL1 DNA level was higher in granulocytes and T cells, but not in other lineages, in patients who relapsed. Among the 40 patients undergoing their first TFR attempt, we defined 3 groups with differing relapse risk: granulocyte-positive group (100%), granulocyte-negative/T-cell–positive group (67%), and granulocyte-negative /T-cell–negative group (25%). These data show the critical importance of lineage-specific assessment of residual disease in the selection of patients who can attempt to achieve TFR with a high expectation of success and, concurrently, defer patients who have a high probability of relapse.
Novel QTL for Lateral Root Density and Length Improve Phosphorus Uptake in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Dinh Lam Thi , Ueda Yoshiaki , Gonzalez Daniel , Tanaka Juan Pariasca , Takanashi Hideki , Wissuwa Matthias 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe rice root system consists of two types of lateral roots, indeterminate larger L-types capable of further branching, and determinate, short, unbranched S-types. L-type laterals correspond to the typical lateral roots of cereals whereas S-type laterals are unique to rice. Both types contribute to nutrient and water uptake and genotypic variation for density and length of these laterals could be exploited in rice improvement to enhance adaptations to nutrient and water-limited environments. Our objectives were to determine how best to screen for lateral root density and length and to identify markers linked to genotypic variation for these traits. Using different growing media showed that screening in nutrient solution exposed genotypic variation for S-type and L-type density, but only the lateral roots of soil-grown plants varied for their lengths. A QTL mapping population developed from parents contrasting for lateral root traits was grown in a low-P field, roots were sampled, scanned and density and length of lateral roots measured. One QTL each was detected for L-type density (LDC), S-type density on crown root (SDC), S-type density on L-type (SDL), S-type length on L-type (SLL), and crown root number (RNO). The QTL for LDC on chromosome 5 had a major effect, accounting for 46% of the phenotypic variation. This strong positive effect was confirmed in additional field experiments, showing that lines with the donor parent allele atqLDC5had 50% higher LDC. Investigating the contribution of lateral root traits to P uptake using stepwise regressions indicated LDC and RNO were most influential, followed by SDL. Simulating effects of root trait differences conferred by the main QTL in a P uptake model confirmed thatqLDC5was most effective in improving P uptake followed byqRNO9for RNO andqSDL9for S-type lateral density on L-type laterals. PyramidingqLDC5withqRNO9andqSDL9would be possible given that trade-offs between traits were not detected. Phenotypic selection for the RNO trait during variety development would be feasible, however, the costs of doing so reliably for lateral root density traits is prohibitive and markers identified here therefore provide the first opportunity to incorporate such traits into a breeding program.
Comparing pharmaceutical persistence across terrestrial and aquatic environments: do studies according to OECD 307 and OECD 308 lead to similar outcomes?
Authors: Berkner Silvia , Brandt Ute 
Published: August 2023

AbstractInformation on transformation and persistence of chemical substances in the environment is important for hazard and risk assessment within a regulatory context or as a decision criterion in a safe and sustainable by design framework. Half-lives for human and veterinary medicinal products available from marketing authorization applications were compared between soil (OECD 307) and aquatic water/sediment systems (OECD 308). The comparison shows, that there is no obvious correlation between the total system half-lives in the two different compartments and that surpassing persistence criteria is compartment-specific in 45% of the cases.
Sensitivity of CNN image analysis to multifaceted measurements of neurite growth
Authors: Vecchi Joseph T. , Mullan Sean , Lopez Josue A. , Rhomberg Madeline , Yamamoto Annamarie , Hallam Annabelle , Lee Amy , Sonka Milan , Hansen Marlan R. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractQuantitative analysis of neurite growth and morphology is essential for understanding the determinants of neural development and regeneration, however, it is complicated by the labor-intensive process of measuring diverse parameters of neurite outgrowth. Consequently, automated approaches have been developed to study neurite morphology in a high-throughput and comprehensive manner. These approaches include computer-automated algorithms known as 'convolutional neural networks' (CNNs)—powerful models capable of learning complex tasks without the biases of hand-crafted models. Nevertheless, their complexity often relegates them to functioning as 'black boxes.' Therefore, research in the field of explainable AI is imperative to comprehend the relationship between CNN image analysis output and predefined morphological parameters of neurite growth in order to assess the applicability of these machine learning approaches. In this study, drawing inspiration from the field of automated feature selection, we investigate the correlation between quantified metrics of neurite morphology and the image analysis results from NeuriteNet—a CNN developed to analyze neurite growth. NeuriteNet accurately distinguishes images of neurite growth based on different treatment groups within two separate experimental systems. These systems differentiate between neurons cultured on different substrate conditions and neurons subjected to drug treatment inhibiting neurite outgrowth. By examining the model's function and patterns of activation underlying its classification decisions, we discover that NeuriteNet focuses on aspects of neuron morphology that represent quantifiable metrics distinguishing these groups. Additionally, it incorporates factors that are not encompassed by neuron morphology tracing analyses. NeuriteNet presents a novel tool ideally suited for screening morphological differences in heterogeneous neuron groups while also providing impetus for targeted follow-up studies.
Genome-wide analysis of the HSP20 gene family and its response to heat and drought stress in Coix (Coix lacryma-jobi L.)
Authors: Hua Yangguang , Liu Qiao , Zhai Yufeng , Zhao Limin , Zhu Jinjian , Zhang Xiaodan , Jia Qiaojun , Liang Zongsuo , Wang Dekai 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Heat shock protein 20 (HSP20) is a member of the heat stress-related protein family, which plays critical roles in plant growth, development, and response to abiotic stresses. Although many HSP20 genes have been associated with heat stress in numerous types of plants, little is known about the details of the HSP20 gene family in Coix. To investigate the mechanisms of the ClHSP20 response to heat and drought stresses, the ClHSP20 gene family in Coix was identified and characterized based on genome-wide analysis.

Results
A total of 32 putative ClHSP20 genes were identified and characterized in Coix. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that ClHSP20s were grouped into 11 subfamilies. The duplicated event analysis demonstrated that tandem duplication and segment duplication events played crucial roles in promoting the expansion of the ClHSP20 gene family. Synteny analysis showed that Coix shared the highest homology in 36 HSP20 gene pairs with wheat, followed by 22, 19, 15, and 15 homologous gene pairs with maize, sorghum, barley, and rice, respectively. The expression profile analysis showed that almost all ClHSP20 genes had different expression levels in at least one tissue. Furthermore, 22 of the 32 ClHSP20 genes responded to heat stress, with 11 ClHSP20 genes being significantly upregulated and 11 ClHSP20 genes being significantly downregulated. Furthermore, 13 of the 32 ClHSP20 genes responded to drought stress, with 6 ClHSP20 genes being significantly upregulated and 5 ClHSP20 genes being significantly downregulated.

Conclusions
Thirty-two ClHSP20 genes were identified and characterized in the genome of Coix. Tandem and segmental duplication were identified as having caused the expansion of the ClHSP20 gene family. The expression patterns of the ClHSP20 genes suggested that they play a critical role in growth, development, and response to heat and drought stress. The current study provides a theoretical basis for further research on ClHSP20s and will facilitate the functional characterization of ClHSP20 genes.
Implementation and review of the care ecosystem in an integrated healthcare system
Authors: Rosenbloom Michael H. , Kashyap Bhavani , Diaz-Ochoa Ana , Karrmann Jan , Svitak Aleta , Finstad Jennifer , Brombach Ann , Sprandel Ann , Hanson Leah , Dulaney Sarah , Possin Katherine 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background and objectives
The University of California, San Francisco Memory and Aging Center (UCSF-MAC) led the development and tested a collaborative care model delivered by lay care team navigators (CTNs) with support from a multidisciplinary team known as the Care Ecosystem (CE). We evaluated outcomes related to the feasibility of the CE in a non-academic healthcare system, including acceptability, adoption, and fidelity to the original UCSF model.

Research Design and methods
The CE team at HealthPartners consisted of two CTNs, a social worker, an RN, a program coordinator, and a behavioral neurologist. Intake forms were developed to collect demographic, baseline, and annual data at one year related to dementia severity and caregiver status. Experience surveys were completed at 6 and 12 months by participating caregivers. All data was entered into REDCap.

Results
A total of 570 PWD-caregiver dyads were recruited into the CE: 53% PWDs female, average age 75.2 ± 9.43, 19% living within rural communities. Of the 173 dyads assessed at one year, 30% responded to the annual intake forms and 58% of responded to experience surveys. At one year, PWDs progressed in disease severity and functional impairment, although caregiver burden and mood remained unchanged. We observed a significant reduction in caregiver reported emotional challenges associated with caregiving, sleep problems, and obtaining caregiver help at one year. 86% of caregivers reported feeling supported by their CTN nearly always or quite frequently, and 88% rated the CTN as highly responsive to what was important to them.

Discussion and implications
The CE was feasible and well-received within a non-academic healthcare system.
Association of mitochondrial DNA copy number with chronic kidney disease in older adults
Authors: Liu Yang , Pan Ying , Tian Zijian , Wang Jing , Chen Fei , Geng Zhaoxu , Li Qian , Liu Ziqing , Zhou Xiaozhou , Zhou Kaixin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Mitochondrial dysfunction in kidney cells has been implicated in the pathogenesis of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Estimation of mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA-CN) is considered a convenient method for representing mitochondrial function in large samples. However, no study has investigated the association between mtDNA-CN and CKD in older adults with the highest prevalence. The objective is to examine cross-sectional and prospective associations between mtDNA-CN values and CKD risk in older adults to determine whether mtDNA-CN represents a novel potential biomarker for the recognition of CKD risk.

Patients and methods
In a Chinese community-based cohort of over 65-year-olds, we included 14,467 participants (52.6% females). CKD was defined by eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 or ICD-10 codes (patients = 3831 (26.5%)). Participants had peripheral blood levels of mtDNA-CN calculated from probe intensities of the Axiom CAS Array.

Results
The risk of CKD prevalence decreased with mtDNA-CN per 1-SD increment, independent of established risk factors for older CKD (odds ratio [OR] per SD 0.90, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.86, 0.93, P < 0.001), and has comparable strength of association with these established risk factors. Furthermore, the progression of kidney function was stratified according to the worsening of eGFR categories. The risk of kidney function progression to a more severe stage gradually decreased as the mtDNA-CN increased (P trend < 0.001). Non-CKD participants in the highest quartile of mtDNA-CN had a lower risk of developing CKD compared to the lowest quartile within 2 years of follow-up, reducing the risk of CKD by 36% (95% CI 0.42, 0.97; P = 0.037).

Conclusions
Based on the analysis of the largest sample to date investigating the association between mtDNA-CN and CKD in older adults, higher levels of mtDNA-CN were found to be associated with a lower risk of CKD, suggesting that a reduced level of mtDNA-CN is a potential risk factor for CKD.
The differential value of radiomics based on traditional T1-weighted sequences in newborns with hyperbilirubinemia
Authors: Sun Yan , Liao Yi , Jia Fenglin , Ning Gang , Wang Xinrong , Zhang Yujin , Li Pei , Qu Haibo 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
On the basis of visual-dependent reading method, radiological recognition and assessment of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia (NH) or acute bilirubin encephalopathy (ABE) on conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences are challenging. Prior studies had shown that radiomics was possible to characterize ABE-induced intensity and morphological changes on MRI sequences, and it has emerged as a desirable and promising future in quantitative and objective MRI data extraction. To investigate the utility of radiomics based on T1-weighted sequences for identifying neonatal ABE in patients with hyperbilirubinemia and differentiating between those with NH and the normal controls.

Methods
A total of 88 patients with NH were enrolled, including 50 patients with ABE and 38 ABE-negative individuals, and 70 age-matched normal neonates were included as controls. All participants were divided into training and validation cohorts in a 7:3 ratio. Radiomics features extracted from the basal ganglia of T1-weighted sequences on magnetic resonance imaging were evaluated and selected to set up the prediction model using the K-nearest neighbour-based bagging algorithm. A receiver operating characteristic curve was plotted to assess the differentiating performance of the radiomics-based model.

Results
Four of 744 radiomics features were selected for the diagnostic model of ABE. The radiomics model yielded an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.81 and 0.82 in the training and test cohorts, with accuracy, precision, sensitivity, and specificity of 0.82, 0.80, 0.91, and 0.69 and 0.78, 0.8, 0.8, and 0.75, respectively. Six radiomics features were selected in this model to distinguish those with NH from the normal controls. The AUC for the training cohort was 0.97, with an accuracy of 0.92, a precision of 0.92, a sensitivity of 0.93, and a specificity of 0.90. The performance of the radiomics model was confirmed by testing the test cohort, and the AUC, accuracy, precision, sensitivity, and specificity were 0.97, 0.92, 0.96, 0.89, and 0.95, respectively.

Conclusions
The proposed radiomics model based on traditional TI-weighted sequences may be used effectively for identifying ABE and even differentiating patients with NH from the normal controls, which can provide microcosmic information beyond experience-dependent vision and potentially assist in clinical diagnosis and treatment.
Acute kidney injury after infant cardiac surgery: a comparison of pRIFLE, KDIGO, and pROCK definitions
Authors: Gao Peng , He Wang , Jin Yu , Zhou Chun , Zhang Peiyao , Wang Wenting , Hu Jinxiao , Liu Jinping 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
KDIGO and pRIFLE classifications are commonly used in pediatric acute kidney injury (AKI). As a novel AKI definition, pROCK considered the high variability of serum creatinine in children. This study aimed to compare the above three definitions for AKI in infants undergoing cardiac surgery.

Methods
We analyzed a clinical cohort of 413 infants undergoing cardiac surgery. AKI was defined and staged according to pRIFLE, KDIGO, and pROCK, respectively. Incidence differences and diagnostic agreement across definitions were assessed. The association between postoperative outcomes and AKI by each definition was investigated.

Results
Postoperative AKI was identified in 185 (44.8%), 160 (38.7%), and 77 (18.6%) patients according to pRIFLE, KDIGO, and pROCK, respectively. The agreement between pRIFLE and KDIGO was almost perfect (κ = 0.88), while there was only a slight agreement between pROCK and them. AKI by pROCK was independently associated with adverse outcomes (p = 0.003) and prolonged mechanical ventilation (p = 0.002).

Conclusions
There were considerable differences in AKI incidence and staging among definitions. Compared with pRIFLE and KDIGO, AKI defined by pROCK was significantly reduced and better associated with postoperative adverse outcomes.
Development and validation of a facile rapid assessment scale for perinatal venous thromboembolism in puerperium in Chinese women
Authors: Chen Xiujuan , Peng Wei , Zhang Yan , Zhou Huansheng , Zhang Meng 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
It is still urgent and challenge to develop a simple risk assessment scale for venous thromboembolism (VTE) in puerperium in Chinese women.

Methods
The study, a retrospective case-control study, was conducted in 12 hospitals in different cities in China. A total of 1152 pregnant women were selected, including 384 cases with VTE and 768 cases without VTE. A logistic regression method was conducted to determine the risk factors of VTE.

Results
Age, BMI before delivery, gestational diabetes mellitus, family history (thrombosis, diabetes, cardiovascular disease), and assisted reproductive technology were independent risk factors (P<0.05). The difference between the high-risk group and the low-risk group was statistically significant(P<0.001) with a sensitivity of 0.578, specificity of 0.756, Yuden index o.334, and area under the ROC curve of 0.878.

Conclusions
The age (≥ 35 years), BMI before delivery (≥ 30 kg/m2), gestational diabetes mellitus, family history of related diseases and assisted reproductive technology are more likely to cause VTE after full-time delivery. The simple and rapid assessment scale of VTE in women after full-term delivery has perfect discrimination (P < 0.001), which can be applied to predict the risk of VTE in Chinese full-term postpartum women.
Pan-cancer analysis identifies SPEN mutation as a predictive biomarker with the efficacy of immunotherapy
Authors: Li Ya-Dong , Huang Hao , Ren Zheng-Ju , Yuan Ye , Wu Hao , Liu Chuan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe association between specific genetic mutations and immunotherapy benefits has been widely known, while such studies in pan-cancer are still limited. SPEN, mainly involved in X chromosome inactivation (XCI), plays an essential in tumorigenesis and sex differences in cancer. Thus, we firstly analyzed the potential role of SPEN in the TCGA pan-cancer cohort and clinical samples. Bioinformatics analysis and immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining confirm that the expression of SPEN is significantly different in various cancers and may involve RNA splicing and processing via enrichment analysis. Then, our data further revealed that those patients with SPEN mutation could predict a better prognosis in pan-cancer and had distinct immune signatures, higher tumor mutation burden (TMB), and microsatellite instability (MSI) in common cancer types. Finally, the cancer patients from 9 studies treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors were included to investigate the efficacy of immunotherapy. The results further showed that SPEN mutation was associated with better clinical outcomes (HR, 0.74; 95%CI, 0.59–0.93, P = 0.01), and this association remained existed in female patients (HR, 0.60; 95%CI, 0.38–0.94 P = 0.024), but not in male patients (HR, 0.82; 95%CI, 0.62–1.08 P = 0.150). Our findings demonstrated that SPEN mutation might strongly predict immunotherapy efficacy in pan-cancer.