bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Período de retorno de eventos extremos em Alagoas e suas causas climáticas
Authors: Cavalcante Iara Bezerra da Silva , Da Silva Djane Fonseca 
Published: June 2023

O objetivo deste trabalho é calcular o período de retorno de eventos extremos para alguns municípios de Alagoas, bem como a probabilidade de ocorrência e identificar suas causas climáticas através da análise de ondeletas (AO). Os dados são provenientes da Agência Nacional das Águas (ANA), com períodos variados para cada município. Por se tratar de período de retorno, as séries podem e devem ser com período variados, visto que os eventos extremos de cada local, ocorrem em períodos diferentes. Em todos os municípios, a AO identificou as escalas intrassazonais, semestrais, interanuais, o ENOS, o ENOS estendido, o Dipolo do Atlântico, as manchas solares e a ODP, sendo as escalas dominantes da ODP e das manchas solares, que contribuíram para os anos secos e chuvosos.
Keywords: Wavelet Analysis. ENSO. Atlantic Dipole.

Abstratc
The objectives of this work are to calculate the period of return of extreme events in some municipalities of Alagoas, their probability of occurrence and to identify their climatic causes through wavelets analysis (AW). The data come from the National Water and Basic Sanitation Agency (ANA), considering different periods for each municipality. Because it is a return period, the series may and should be varied, once the extreme events in each location occur in different times. In all municipalities, wavelets analysis identified the inter-seasonal, half-yearly, inter-annual scales, el niño southern oscillation (ENSO), extended ENSO, Atlantic Dipole, sunspots and Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO), being PDO and sunspots the dominant scales, which contributed to the dry and rainy Years.
The role and significance of state‐building as ensuring national security in the context of artificial intelligence development
Authors: Gumenyuk Vitaliy , Nikitin Anatolii , Bondar Oleksandr , Zhydovtsev Iaroslav , Yermakova Hanna 
Published: January 2025

AbstractArtificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a major technology and represents a fundamental and revolutionary innovation of our time that has the potential to significantly change the global scenario. In the context of further development of artificial intelligence, state establishment plays a central role in ensuring national security. Countries are tasked with developing legal frameworks for the development and application of AI. Additionally, governments should commit resources to AI research and development to ensure access to cutting‐edge technology. As AI continues to evolve, nation‐building remains crucial for the protection of national security. Countries must shoulder the responsibility of establishing legal structures to supervise the progression and implementation of artificial intelligence. Investing in AI research and development is essential to secure access to cutting‐edge technology. Gracious society and open engagement apply critical impact on forming AI approaches. Civic organizations can contribute to expanding open mindfulness of the related dangers and openings of AI, guaranteeing straightforwardness and responsibility in legislative activities, and pushing for the creation of capable AI approaches. Open interest can help governments in comprehending the yearnings of citizens with respect to AI approaches. This study explores the role and importance of nation‐building in ensuring national security in the context of the development of artificial intelligence. It also examines how civil society and public participation can effectively shape AI policy. The topic offers diverse research and analytical opportunities that enable a deeper understanding of the interactions and mutual influences between statehood and artificial intelligence in the context of ensuring national security. It examines the potential and threats that artificial intelligence poses to national security and considers strategies that countries can adopt to ensure security in this area. Based on the research findings, recommendations and suggestions are made for governments and civil society to improve the effectiveness of public participation in formulating AI policies.
A survey of security and privacy issues of machine unlearning
Authors: Chen Aobo , Li Yangyi , Zhao Chenxu , Huai Mengdi 
Published: January 2025

AbstractMachine unlearning is a cutting‐edge technology that embodies the privacy legal principle of the right to be forgotten within the realm of machine learning (ML). It aims to remove specific data or knowledge from trained models without retraining from scratch and has gained significant attention in the field of artificial intelligence in recent years. However, the development of machine unlearning research is associated with inherent vulnerabilities and threats, posing significant challenges for researchers and practitioners. In this article, we provide the first comprehensive survey of security and privacy issues associated with machine unlearning by providing a systematic classification across different levels and criteria. Specifically, we begin by investigating unlearning‐based security attacks, where adversaries exploit vulnerabilities in the unlearning process to compromise the security of machine learning (ML) models. We then conduct a thorough examination of privacy risks associated with the adoption of machine unlearning. Additionally, we explore existing countermeasures and mitigation strategies designed to protect models from malicious unlearning‐based attacks targeting both security and privacy. Further, we provide a detailed comparison between machine unlearning‐based security and privacy attacks and traditional malicious attacks. Finally, we discuss promising future research directions for security and privacy issues posed by machine unlearning, offering insights into potential solutions and advancements in this evolving field.
2D Black Ferroelectric Perovskite Nanocatalysts Enable Defect Modulation‐Augmented Piezocatalytic Glioma Therapy
Authors: Li Huan , Ma Chao , Wang Linqi , Li Tong , Li Peng , Hu Yu , Dai Xinyue , Wu Dejun , Chang Meiqi , Chen Yu , Xu Tao 
Published: January 2025

AbstractEnhancing the efficacy of glioma treatment poses a significant challenge. Ferroelectric nanomaterials, renowned for their remarkable piezoelectric properties, generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) when exposed to external stimuli or specific environmental conditions. This characteristic positions them as promising platforms for highly effective cancer therapies. In this study, two‐dimensional (2D) black Bi4Ti3O12 ferroelectric perovskite nanocatalysts with engineered oxygen vacancies are designed as potent sources of ROS for efficient glioma therapy. The band bending due to ferroelectric polarization and the narrowed bandgap induced by engineered oxygen vacancy defects effectively enhance carrier separation, suppress recombination rates, and markedly increase ROS production. Moreover, mitochondrial dysfunction and activation of the mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways contribute to the favorable anti‐tumor effects. In vitro cellular‐level assessments and in vivo antineoplastic evaluations unequivocally demonstrate the enhanced cytotoxicity and effective tumor suppression enabled by this piezo‐catalytic treatment strategy. This research underscores the role of defect engineering in optimizing the effectiveness of ferroelectric semiconductors for catalytically inducing apoptosis in glioma cells.
Giant Memory Function Based on the Magnetic Field History of Resistive Switching Under a Constant Bias Voltage
Authors: Kaneda Masaya , Tsuruoka Shun , Shinya Hikari , Fukushima Tetsuya , Endo Tatsuro , Tadano Yuriko , Takeda Takahito , Masago Akira , Tanaka Masaaki , Katayama‐Yoshida Hiroshi , Ohya Shinobu 
Published: January 2025

AbstractMemristors, which are characterized by their unique input‐voltage‐history‐dependent resistance, have garnered significant attention for the exploration of next‐generation in‐memory computing, reconfigurable logic circuits, and neural networks. Memristors are controlled by the applied input voltage; however, the latent potential of their magnetic field sensitivity for spintronics applications has rarely been explored. In particular, valuable functionalities are expected to be yielded by combining their history dependence and magnetic field response. Here, for the first time, a giant memory function based on the magnetic field history of memristive switching is revealed with an extremely large magnetoresistance ratio of up to 32,900% under a constant bias voltage, using a two‐terminal Ge‐channel device with Fe/MgO electrodes. This behavior is attributed to colossal magnetoresistive switching induced by the d0 ferromagnetism of Mg vacancies in the MgO layers and impact ionization breakdown in the Ge substrate. These findings may lead to the development of highly sensitive multi‐field sensors, high‐performance magnetic memory, and advanced neuromorphic devices.
Emerging Violet Phosphorus Nanomaterial for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Mei Yijun , Cao Yuanyuan , Wang Wei 
Published: January 2025

AbstractViolet phosphorus (VP) is a phosphorus allotrope first discovered by Hittorf in 1865, which has aroused more attention in the biomedical field in recent years attributed to its gradually discovered unique properties. VP can be further categorized into bulk VP, VP nanosheets (VPNs), and VP quantum dots (VPQDs), and chemical vapor transport (CVT), liquid‐phase/mechanical/laser exfoliation, and solvothermal synthesis are the common preparation approaches of bulk VP, VPNs, and VPQDs, respectively. Compared with another phosphorus allotrope (black phosphorus, BP) that is once highly regarded in biomedical applications, VP nanomaterial (namely VPNs and VPQDs) not only exhibits tunable bandgap, moderate on/off current ratio, and good biodegradability, but shows enhanced stability and biosafety as well, allowing it to be a promising candidate for a variety of biomedical applications like antibacterial therapy, anticancer therapy, and biosensing and disease diagnosis. In this review, the classification and the relevant synthesis routes of VP are initially summarized, and the unique properties of VP nanomaterial momentous to its biomedical applications are subsequently expounded. The latest research advances of this emerging nanomaterial in the biomedical field are then introduced in detail, and both the existing challenges and future prospects are also discussed.
A Smart mRNA‐Initiated Theranostic Multi‐shRNA Nanofactory for Precise and Efficient Cancer Gene Therapy
Authors: Shi Ming , He Yifang , Zhong Xiaohong , Huang Huakui , Hua Jing , Wang Shulong , Xu Jiayao , Zhao Shulin , Liang Hong , Huang Yong 
Published: January 2025

AbstractDespite the significant potential of short hairpin RNA (shRNA)‐mediated gene therapy for various diseases, the clinical success of cancer treatment remains poor, partly because of low selectivity and low efficiency. In this study, an mRNA‐initiated autonomous multi‐shRNA nanofactory (RNF@CM) is designed for in vivo amplification imaging and precise cancer treatment. The RNF@CM consists of a gold nanoparticle core, an interlayer of two types of three‐stranded DNA/RNA hybrid probes, one of which is bound to aptamer‐inhibited DNA polymerases, and an outer layer of the cancer cell membrane. After the specific delivery of RNF@CM into target cancer cells, an intracellular tumour‐related mRNA target can initiate the RNF@CM with a circular strand‐displacement polymerisation reaction, resulting in the release of significantly amplified fluorescence and continuous production of three types of shRNAs. The RNF@CM effectively distinguished cancer cells from normal cells, exclusively produced multiple shRNAs in response to a specific mRNA target in cancer cells, accurately diagnosed tumours in vivo, and significantly inhibited tumour growth with negligible toxicity, expanding the toolbox for on‐demand gene delivery and precision theranostics.
PO43− Tetrahedron Assisted Chelate Engineering for 10.67%‐Efficient Antimony Selenosulfide Solar Cells
Authors: Ren Donglou , Fu Boyang , Xiong Jun , Wang Yi , Zhu Bin , Chen Shuo , Li Zhiqiang , Ma Hongli , Zhang Xianghua , Pan Daocheng , Zou Bingsuo , Liang Guangxing 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAnisotropic carrier transport and deep‐level defect of antimony selenosulfide (Sb2(S,Se)3) absorber are two vital auses restraining the photovoltaic performance of this emerging thin‐film solar cell. Herein, chelate engineering is proposed to prepare high‐quality Sb2(S,Se)3 film based on hydrothermal deposition approach, which realizes desirable carrier transport and passivated defects by using tetrahedral PO43− ion in dibasic sodium phosphate (Na2HPO4, DSP). The PO43− Lewis structure, on one hand in the form of [(SbO)3(PO4)] chelate, can adsorb on the polar planes of cadmium sulfide (CdS) layer, promoting the heterogeneous nucleation, and on the other hand, the tetrahedral PO43− inhibits horizontal growth of (Sb4S(e)6)n ribbons due to size effects, thus achieving desirable [hk1] orientation. Moreover, the introduction PO43− effectively passivates the antisite defect SbS1. These synergistic effects have effectively improved carrier transport and reduced non‐radiative recombination of the Sb2(S,Se)3 absorber. Consequently, the DSP‐modified Sb2(S,Se)3 device efficiency increases from 8.59% to 10.67%.
Strong Circularly Polarized Electroluminescence Promoted by Using Chiral Co‐Assembled Liquid Crystal Polymers
Authors: Li Hang , Li Dong , Fu Chunya , Chen Yihan , Cheng Yixiang 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAchieving high circularly polarized electroluminescence (CP‐EL) performance in organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) remains a significant challenge. In this study, chiral nematic liquid crystal polymers (LCPs) are co‐assembled as chiral fluorescent materials by doping 1 wt% chiral binaphthyl‐based R/S‐D inducers into a LCP (P‐PyP), displaying blue circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) signals (|glum| = 0.025, λem = 470 nm, ΦFL = 37%) after thermal annealing at 140 °C. Notably, the resulting chiral LCP films can serve as the emitting layer (EML) in non‐doped OLEDs, and exhibit good CP‐EL emissions (gEL = −0.019/+0.015, λEL = 484 nm). This work demonstrates a pathway for the high CP‐EL performance materials through the chiral co‐assembly of LCPs.
Genotyping as Part of Routine Clinical Care—The Outcomes for a Large Paediatric Vascular Anomaly Cohort
Authors: O'Sullivan Sinead , Shilova Maria , Webb Angharad , Francis Glenn , Robertson Jeremy , Gupta Romi Das , Kimble Roy , Richmond Christopher M. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTWe describe the phenotypic and genotypic spectrum of patients with vascular anomaly (VA) in a paediatric multi‐disciplinary VA clinic. We measured the clinical utility of genotyping by comparing pre and posttest diagnosis and management. A 46‐month retrospective analysis occurred for 250 patients offered genetic testing in the VA clinic. DNA was extracted from biopsied vascular lesions. The coding regions of 27 genes were amplified by multiplex PCR and sequenced with mean coverage depth ranging from 3005× to 66,320×, achieving >95% amplification with at least 500 reads. The limit of detection was approximately 1%. Germline confirmatory testing was arranged where phenotype and variant allele frequency (AF) were compatible with a heritable VA. A molecular diagnosis was identified for 191 of 250 (76%). A somatic cause for VA was confirmed for 70% and a germline cause for 6%. Genetic testing supported the clinical diagnosis for 55% of our patient group and revised the clinical diagnosis for 21%. For patients with a revised clinical diagnosis, a management change occurred for 62%. 33% of patients offered genetic testing for VA had a management change. 24% were referred for consideration of molecularly targeted therapy (MTT). Routine genotyping in paediatric VA improves diagnosis and management outcomes.
Pd‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydrogenolysis Rearrangement of Allylic Esters to Access Axially Chiral Olefins
Authors: Shao Bing‐Ru , Jiang Wen‐Feng , Wang Chen , Shi Lei 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe Pd‐catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenolysis rearrangement of allylic acetates using (s‐Bu)3BHK has been described, achieving the synthesis of axially chiral alkylidene cycloalkanes with excellent enantioselectivities (up to 99 % ee) and a wide substrate scope (30 examples of cyclohexanes and cyclobutanes). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time to achieve synthesis of axially chiral olefins via asymmetric hydrogenolysis of allylic acetates. This methodology not only offers a novel synthetic pathway for non‐atropisomeric axially chiral structures but also highlights the potential of asymmetric hydrogenolysis as a powerful tool in synthetic organic chemistry.
Dynamic Phosphorescence Behavior of Carbene‐Metal‐Amide Complexes from the Perspective of Excited State Modulation
Authors: Zeng Xiang‐Ming , Wu Minjian , Yao Liao‐Yuan , Yang Guo‐Yu 
Published: January 2025

AbstractCarbene‐metal‐amide (CMA) complexes have diverse applications in luminescence, imaging and sensing. In this study, we designed and synthesized a series of CMA complexes, which were subsequently doped into a PMMA host. These materials demonstrate light‐induced dynamic phosphorescence, attributed to their long intrinsic triplet state lifetime (τP,int, in the μs‐ms scale), high intersystem crossing (ISC) rate constant (kISC, up to 107 s−1), and bright phosphorescence. The extended τP,int, and elevated kISC facilitate efficient sensitization of singlet oxygen (1O2) under light irradiation, which is rapidly consumed by the host material, creating a localized anaerobic environment conducive to bright phosphorescence emission. The Sn‐T1 process exhibits a large spin‐orbital coupling matrix element (SOCME) value, while the SOCME value between T1 and S0 is comparatively smaller, resulting in a large kISC and long τP,int, Computational results indicate that the hole‐electron configuration in the lowest triplet state exhibits low contributions from gold. Based on the dynamic phosphorescence properties, an encryption material capable of achieving a “burn after reading” effect was developed. This work illustrates that those phosphorescent emitters with minimal heavy atom contribution can produce dynamic phosphorescent phenomena, providing a novel strategy for designing stimuli‐responsive phosphorescent materials.
Electrosynthesis of Organonitrogen Compounds via Hydroxylamine‐Mediated Cascade Reactions
Authors: Xu Meng‐Yi , Tan Hong‐Yi , Ouyang Jie , Zhang Feng‐Xuan , Wang Bing‐Hao , Wang Xiong , Shen Sheng , Yin Shuang‐Feng 
Published: January 2025

AbstractHydroxylamine (NH2OH) is a key intermediate in the formation of numerous high value‐added organonitrogen compounds. The traditional synthesis of NH2OH requires the use of precious metals under high temperature conditions, which leads to high cost, high energy consumption, and environmental pollution. The NH2OH‐mediated cascade reaction integrates the electrochemical synthesis of NH2OH and the chemical synthesis of organonitrogen compounds, offering a facile, green, and efficient alternative. This review presents the recent advances on electrosynthesis of high value‐added organonitrogen compounds by NH2OH‐mediated cascade reactions. We present key concepts and the transformation process of different N‐species to NH2OH, discuss suitable substrates and electrocatalysts, and elucidate the reaction mechanisms involved in generating compounds such as amino acids, cyclohexanone oxime, urea, amine, etc.. Finally, we address current challenges and future directions in this emerging field to encourage further research effort and the development of NH2OH‐mediated cascade reaction.
Preparation and Characterization of MIL‐53(Al)‐(NH2)@PANI for Tetracycline Removal
Authors: Mandanipour Valiollah , Sadeghi‐Maleki Mohammad‐Rasool 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe growing global demand for water and persistent shortages have underscored the importance of wastewater treatment from industrial and urban sources. Among various approaches, the use of adsorbent materials, particularly metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), has gained significant attention over the past decade due to their exceptional adsorption properties. This study presents a rapid, water‐based synthesis method for MIL‐53(Al)‐(NH2) and its surface modification using polyaniline (PANI). The modified MOFs, MIL‐53(Al)‐(NH2)@PANI, were utilized for the removal and photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline from aqueous solutions. Optimal operational conditions were determined to include an adsorbent dosage of 0.12 g/L, an initial tetracycline concentration of 30 mg/L, a reaction time of 30 min, and a solution pH of 2.5. Kinetic analyses revealed that the adsorption process conforms to the Pseudo‐second‐order kinetic model, with the surface modification by PANI significantly enhancing the adsorption efficiency. The proposed mechanism for photocatalytic degradation involves the generation of reactive radical species, including h+, ˙OH, and ˙O2−, under sunlight irradiation, which synergistically improves the removal efficiency. This study highlights the potential of MIL‐53(Al)‐(NH2)@PANI as an effective adsorbent and photocatalyst for the treatment of antibiotic‐contaminated water, offering a sustainable solution to water pollution challenges.
Coating MOF Layer on Fe3O4 Nanoparticles Towards Enhancing Photocatalysis Activation of Peroxydisulfate via Layer Thickness Control
Authors: Chen Xi , Li Danni , Xu Mengkun , Wang Ping , Qiu Wenshuai , Lu Jinge , Li Xingchen , Yang Shaoming , Liu Yongxin , Zhang Jiali 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAs the photocatalytic layer, metal organic frameworks (MOFs) with thickness control were coated on the surface of Fe3O4 nanoparticles to investigate the influence of photocatalysis on the activation of peroxydisulfate to degrade antibiotic pollutants. A suitable thickness of MOF layer can not only enhance the adsorption of the substrate molecules on the composite catalyst but also provide optimized electron transfer distance and path, which is conducive to improving the efficiency of electron–hole separation, thereby enhancing the activation of peroxydisulfate and the degradation efficiency of pollutants.
Active Bio‐Nanocomposite Films Based on PVA Filled With CNC and Bio‐Active Extract From Onion Skin Waste
Authors: Hamid Salim Mohamed , Abdellaoui Youness , Mennani Mehdi , Soumare Abdoulaye , Díaz‐Jimenéz Lourdes , El Achaby Mounir , Kassab Zineb 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAmidst growing interest in sustainable packaging, this study delves into the preparation of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)‐based biofilms filled with cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) sourced from red onion skin waste, coupled with bio‐active red onion extract (OPE). These innovative bionanocomposite films hold promise for active food packaging applications. The investigation focuses on understanding the interplay between the added agents (OPE and CNC) and the macromolecular chains of PVA. Furthermore, the effects of various OPE concentrations on the physicochemical characteristics and antibacterial properties of CNC‐filled PVA bio‐nanocomposites were also examined. The integration of CNC and OPE noticeably enhanced the film's properties. Mechanical strength increased by 37%, thermal stability improved with a 92°C increase in decomposition temperature, and UV barrier properties were enhanced by 45%. Additionally, antibacterial activity against foodborne pathogens improved, with the highest inhibition rates reaching 89% against Staphylococcus fungi and 79% against Staphylococcus aureus. The findings demonstrated that the incorporation of bio‐active OPE significantly enhanced the UV barrier, antibacterial properties, and biodegradability of PVA‐CNC bio‐nanocomposite films. These films present a promising approach for sustainable and active food packaging solutions, capable of extending shelf life while reducing environmental impact. Further research in real food systems is recommended to validate these results.