bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modulus‐dependent effects on neurogenic, myogenic, and chondrogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells in three‐dimensional hydrogel cultures
Authors: Goldshmid Revital , Simaan‐Yameen Haneen , Ifergan Liaura , Loebel Claudia , Burdick Jason A. , Seliktar Dror 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHuman mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs) are of significant interest as a renewable source of therapeutically useful cells. In tissue engineering, hMSCs are implanted within a scaffold to provide enhanced capacity for tissue repair. The present study evaluates how mechanical properties of that scaffold can alter the phenotype and genotype of the cells, with the aim of augmenting hMSC differentiation along the myogenic, neurogenic or chondrogenic linages. The hMSCs were grown three‐dimensionally (3D) in a hydrogel comprised of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)‐conjugated to fibrinogen. The hydrogel's shear storage modulus (G′), which was controlled by increasing the amount of PEG‐diacrylate cross‐linker in the matrix, was varied in the range of 100–2000 Pascal (Pa). The differentiation into each lineage was initiated by a defined culture medium, and the hMSCs grown in the different modulus hydrogels were characterized using gene and protein expression. Materials having lower storage moduli (G′ = 100 Pa) exhibited more hMSCs differentiating to neurogenic lineages. Myogenesis was favored in materials having intermediate modulus values (G′ = 500 Pa), whereas chondrogenesis was favored in materials with a higher modulus (G′ = 1000 Pa). Enhancing the differentiation pathway of hMSCs in 3D hydrogel scaffolds using simple modifications to mechanical properties represents an important achievement toward the effective application of these cells in tissue engineering.
Inhibition of N‐glycosylation by glucosamine hydrochloride inhibits TGF‐β1‐induced LOXL2 secretion
Authors: Kamiya Tetsuro , Kadowaki Mai , Atobe Taku , Kunieda Kana , Morimoto Koki , Hara Hirokazu 
Published: April 2023

AbstractKidney fibrosis is closely associated with the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Furthermore, copper‐containing secretory amine oxidases, such as lysyl oxidase (LOX) and LOX‐like 1–4 (LOXL1–4), play pivotal roles in the regulation of extracellular components and facilitate fibrosis. In this study, we investigated the regulation of LOX enzymes in human tubular epithelial HK2 cells to help clarify the role of LOX enzymes in kidney fibrosis. Among 5 LOX enzymes, LOXL2 expression is abundantly expressed in HK2 cells. LOX enzymes inhibitor, β‐aminopropionitrile, suppressed transforming growth factor‐β1 (TGF‐β1)‐promoted epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition processes in HK2 cells, indicating that LOX enzymes are involved in TGF‐β1‐mediated fibrotic processes. Recent studies suggest that LOX enzymes are secreted into the extracellular spaces by exosomes and promote fibrotic processes. Similar to the previous reports, we observed that exosomes secreted from HK2 cells carry LOXL2 into the extracellular spaces. Furthermore, we determined that N‐glycosylation on the asparagine residues plays a key role in LOXL2 secretion. Amino acid mutations in three asparagine residues, which can be glycosylated, suppressed the secretion of mutated LOXL2. Moreover, N‐acetylglucosaminyltransferase 5, an enzyme used for the biosynthesis of β1,6N‐acetylglucosamine‐branched N‐glycans, participated in LOXL2 secretion, and the N‐glycosylation inhibitor, glucosamine hydrochloride (GS), inhibited TGF‐β1‐mediated LOXL2 secretion and fibrotic processes. Overall, TGF‐β1 promotes LOXL2 secretion and may participate in kidney fibrosis. Our results provide novel insight into the antifibrotic properties of GS that contribute to the inhibition of CKD progression.
Key terms and definitions in acute porphyrias: Results of an international Delphi consensus led by the European porphyria network
Authors: Stein Penelope E. , Edel Yonatan , Mansour Razan , Mustafa Reem A. , Sandberg Sverre ,   Members of the Acute Porphyria Expert Panel
Published: April 2023

AbstractAcute porphyrias are a group of rare inherited disorders causing acute neurovisceral attacks. Many terms used frequently in the literature and clinical practice are ambiguous, which can lead to confusion in the way patients are managed, studied, and reported in clinical studies. Agreed definitions are a necessary first step in developing management guidelines and will facilitate communication of results of future clinical research. The Delphi method was used to generate consensus on key terms and definitions in acute porphyria. The process started with a brainstorming phase offered to all members of the European Porphyria Network followed by two Delphi rounds among international experts in the field of porphyria (the Acute Porphyria Expert Panel). A consensus of 75% or more was defined as the agreement threshold. A total of 63 respondents from 26 countries participated in the brainstorming phase, leading to the choice of nine terms and definitions. A total of 34 experts were invited to take part in the Delphi rounds. Seven of the initial nine terms and definitions which entered the first Delphi round achieved the threshold for agreement. Following a second Delphi round, all nine definitions achieved agreement. Agreement on the definitions for nine important terms describing acute porphyrias represents a significant step forward for the porphyria community. It will facilitate more accurate comparison of outcomes among porphyria centres and in clinical trials and provide a strong framework for developing evidence‐based clinical guidelines.
Clinical observation of neutralizing antibody DXP‐604 for treatment critical COVID‐19 patients infected with SARS‐CoV‐2 Delta variant
Authors: Chen Lijuan , Shao Zehua , Liu Hongmei , Shi Qian , Lv Chuanjian , Bai Yan , Wu Ziai , Wei Wei , Wei Huanhuan , Gao Haiyan , Wang Meiyun 
Published: April 2023

AbstractFrom January to March 2022, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) Delta (B.1.617.2) infection was prevalent in Yuzhou and Zhengzhou. DXP‐604 is a broad‐spectrum antiviral monoclonal antibody, which has excellent viral neutralization ability in vitro and a long half‐life in vivo, with good biosafety and tolerability. Preliminary results showed that DXP‐604 can accelerate recovery from Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) caused by SARS‐CoV‐2 Delta variant in hospitalized patients with mild to moderate clinical symptoms. However, the efficacy of DXP‐604 has not been fully studied in high‐risk severe patients. Here, we prospectively enrolled 27 high‐risk patients, two groups were divided, in addition to receiving standard of care (SOC), 14 of them additionally received the neutralizing antibody DXP‐604 therapy, and another 13 intensive care unit (ICU) patients simultaneously underwent SOC as a control group matched for age, gender, and clinical type. The results revealed lower C‐reactive protein, interleukin‐6, lactic dehydrogenase and neutrophil counts, and higher lymphocyte and monocyte counts from Day 3 post‐DXP‐604 treatment compared with SOC treatment. Besides, thoracic CT images showed improvements in lesion areas and degrees, along with changes in blood inflammatory factors. Moreover, DXP‐604 reduced the invasive mechanical ventilation and mortality of high‐risk SARS‐CoV‐2 infected patients. The ongoing clinical trials of DXP‐604 neutralizing antibody will clarify its utility as a new attractive countermeasure for high‐risk COVID‐19.
Surfing across industrial revolutions: A resilient sensemaking perspective on innovation
Authors: Ciasullo Maria Vincenza , Calabrese Mario , La Sala Antonio 
Published: April 2023

AbstractEmploying the sensemaking perspective, this paper aims to study the relationship between social innovation and resilience. The study highlights how sensemaking of social innovation is a process that takes place within existing social and economic representations. This study has a qualitative nature and is based on multiple case studies, which is the methodology best suited to highlight the drivers of social phenomena in specific socioeconomic contexts and which characteristics they manifest. The paper contributes to the literature along three different lines. First, it describes social innovation as the resilient outcome of sensemaking or the result of a capacity for collective reorganization following environmental, political, economic, and social disruptions. Second, it provides policymakers with a model to use to establish the intensity of social pressure and the openness of baseline social representations to change. Third, it allows policymakers to jointly observe and analyze the relationship between social representation and economic representation, highlighting the central role of firms in achieving social innovation. Although this paper presents the findings of a wide theoretical analysis, the developed model needs to be empirically tested by firms and policymakers.
Raman spectroscopy enables non‐invasive and quantitative assessment of macronutrients in baked foods
Authors: Rodriguez Axell , Kurouski Dmitry 
Published: April 2023

AbstractFast and accurate assessments of macro and micronutrients in food can be used to balance the diet of millions of people around the world. This can help to prevent the development of chronic diseases such as obesity and diabetes. Modern analytical methods that can be used to reveal information about the nutritional composition of food are destructive and laborious. In this study, we examine the potential of Raman spectroscopy in the non‐invasive, non‐destructive, and quantitative assessment of carbohydrates, gluten, carotenoids, and fats in baked foods, including bread and crackers. The Raman effect is based on the phenomenon of inelastic light scattering. Our results demonstrate that Raman spectroscopy could be used to quantify the amount of carbohydrates, gluten, carotenoids, and fats in baked foods. Furthermore, unique spectroscopic signatures of bread and crackers could be used for their automated identification. These findings demonstrate that Raman‐based sensors can be used to personalize nutrition and control the quality of consumed food products.
Effect of pollination on the composition of raw arabica coffee (Coffea arabica L.): antioxidant capacity, bioactive compounds, and volatiles precursors
Authors: Canzi Francisco Antonio , Meireles Desirée Ayume Lopes , Valdez Aldo Sindulfo Barboza , Abrantes Lidia Stadtlober , Boroski Marcela , Augusto Solange Cristina , Valderrama Patrícia , Toci Aline Theodoro 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe importance of pollination is recognized worldwide. This study investigates the influence of biotic pollination on the chemical composition of coffee (Coffea arabica L.) cultivated in the municipalities of Araguari and Monte Carmelo, in Minas Gerais state, Brazil. Twenty samples were analyzed, of which 10 were biotically pollinated (P) and 10 non‐biotically pollinated (NP). Analyses of bioactive compounds, antioxidant capacity and centesimal composition of coffees were performed.RESULTSThe results revealed chemical differences between the P and NP samples, with significantly higher levels of the bioactive compounds caffeine, trigonelline, and chlorogenic acids in the P samples. The findings indicated that pollination of the coffee plants assisted germination and made the beans less susceptible to attack by external agents.CONCLUSIONThe results demonstrated that pollination services are important mechanisms affecting the chemical composition of coffee beans. Considering that the compounds evaluated are precursors of volatile compounds in coffee, this directly affects the quality of the beans. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
MoS2‐Polyaniline Based Flexible Electrochemical Biosensor: Toward pH Monitoring in Human Sweat
Authors: Choudhury Sudipta , Deepak Deepak , Bhattacharya Gourav , McLaughlign James , Roy Susanta Sinha 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWearable pH sensors for sweat analysis have garnered significant scientific attention for the detection of early signs of many physiological diseases. In this study, a MoS2‐polyaniline (PANI) modified screen‐printed carbon electrode (SPCE) is fabricated and used as a sweat biosensor. The exfoliated MoS2 nanosheets are drop casted over an SPCE and are functionalized by a conducting polymer, polyaniline (PANI) via the electropolymerization technique. The as‐fabricated biosensor exhibits high super‐Nernstian sensitivity of −70.4 ± 1.7 mV pH−1 in the linear range of pH 4 to 8 of 0.1 m standard phosphate buffer solution (PBS), with outstanding reproducibility. The sensor exhibits excellent selectivity against the common sweat ions including Na+, Cl−, K+, and NH4+ with tremendous long‐term stability over 180 min from pH 4 to 6. The enhanced active surface area and better electrical conductivity as a consequence of the synergistic effect between MoS2 and PANI are correlated with the boosted performance of the as‐produced biosensor. The feasibility of the sensor is further examined using an artificial sweat specimen and the successful detection confirms the potential of the biosensor for a real‐time noninvasive, skin attachable, and flexible wearable pH sensor.
Ca2+–Calmodulin–Calcineurin Signaling Modulates α‐Synuclein Transmission
Authors: Ueda Jun , Uemura Norihito , Ishimoto Tomoyuki , Taguchi Tomoyuki , Sawamura Masanori , Nakanishi Etsuro , Ikuno Masashi , Matsuzawa Shuichi , Yamakado Hodaka , Takahashi Ryosuke 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe intercellular transmission of pathogenic proteins plays a crucial role in the progression of neurodegenerative diseases. Previous research has shown that the neuronal uptake of such proteins is activity‐dependent; however, the detailed mechanisms underlying activity‐dependent α‐synuclein transmission in Parkinson's disease remain unclear.ObjectiveTo examine whether α‐synuclein transmission is affected by Ca2+–calmodulin–calcineurin signaling in cultured cells and mouse models of Parkinson's disease.MethodsMouse primary hippocampal neurons were used to examine the effects of the modulation of Ca2+–calmodulin–calcineurin signaling on the neuronal uptake of α‐synuclein preformed fibrils. The effects of modulating Ca2+–calmodulin–calcineurin signaling on the development of α‐synuclein pathology were examined using a mouse model injected with α‐synuclein preformed fibrils.ResultsModulation of Ca2+–calmodulin–calcineurin signaling by inhibiting voltage‐gated Ca2+ channels, calmodulin, and calcineurin blocked the neuronal uptake of α‐synuclein preformed fibrils via macropinocytosis. Different subtypes of voltage‐gated Ca2+ channel differentially contributed to the neuronal uptake of α‐synuclein preformed fibrils. In wild‐type mice inoculated with α‐synuclein preformed fibrils, we found that inhibiting calcineurin ameliorated the development of α‐synuclein pathology.ConclusionOur data suggest that Ca2+–calmodulin–calcineurin signaling modulates α‐synuclein transmission and has potential as a therapeutic target for Parkinson's disease. © 2023 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
Current and emerging approaches to noncompetitive AR inhibition
Authors: Riley Christopher M. , Elwood Jessica M. L. , Henry Martyn C. , Hunter Irene , Daniel Lopez‐Fernandez J. , McEwan Iain J. , Jamieson Craig 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe androgen receptor (AR) has been shown to be a key determinant in the pathogenesis of castration‐resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). The current standard of care therapies targets the ligand‐binding domain of the receptor and can afford improvements to life expectancy often only in the order of months before resistance occurs. Emerging preclinical and clinical compounds that inhibit receptor activity via differentiated mechanisms of action which are orthogonal to current antiandrogens show promise for overcoming treatment resistance. In this review, we present an authoritative summary of molecules that noncompetitively target the AR. Emerging small molecule strategies for targeting alternative domains of the AR represent a promising area of research that shows significant potential for future therapies. The overall quality of lead candidates in the area of noncompetitive AR inhibition is discussed, and it identifies the key chemotypes and associated properties which are likely to be, or are currently, positioned to be first in human applications.
High‐dose carboplatin–irinotecan–temozolomide is an effective salvage chemotherapy for relapsed or refractory neuroblastoma
Authors: Kobushi Hirokazu , Saida Satoshi , Umeda Katsutsugu , Iwai Atsushi , Kozuki Kagehiro , Kubota Hirohito , Tanaka Kuniaki , Obu Satoshi , Uchihara Yoshinori , Tasaka Keiji , Kato Itaru , Hiramatsu Hidefumi , Takita Junko 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThere is no clear consensus on the most effective treatment for relapsed/refractory high‐risk neuroblastoma (NB). We retrospectively assessed seven NB patients with relapsed/refractory disease who received high‐dose carboplatin–irinotecan–temozolomide (HD‐CIT). Five of seven patients showed favorable therapeutic response (complete remission or partial remission). Regarding toxicity, the cytopenia period tended to prolong when more than three cycles were repeated, but nonhematological toxicities were controllable with general supportive care. Due to its antitumor efficacy and well‐tolerated nonhematologic toxicity, HD‐CIT is a promising salvage chemotherapy for relapsed/refractory NB. However, it is important to pay attention to the exacerbation of hematological toxicity when repeating the regimen.
Religious attitude, spirituality and mental adjustment in Turkish geriatric oncology patients
Authors: Yavuz Duygu , Koç Zeliha 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAimThis study was conducted to determine the relationship between religious attitudes and spirituality levels of geriatric oncology patients and their psychological reactions to cancer.MethodsThe sample consisted of 261 geriatric oncology patients who were inpatients in oncology and hematology clinics of a university hospital. The research was conducted between 30 July 2020 and 26 January 2022. Data were collected using the Mental Adjustment to Cancer (MAC) scale, the Ok‐Religious Attitude (ORA) scale, and the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy‐Spiritual Well‐being (FACIT‐SP) scale. The effect of the ORA scale and FACIT‐SP scale scores on the MAC scale were analyzed using path analysis.ResultsA positive relationship was found between Spiritual Well‐Being and Fighting (β = 0.028, p < 0.001) and Anxious Anticipation (β = 0.024, p < 0.001); a negative relationship was found between Fatalism (β = −0.023, p < 0.001), Helplessness/Hopelessness (β = −0.04, p < 0.001) and Denial/Avoidance (β = −0.026; p < 0.001). A positive relationship was found between Religious Attitude and Fighting Spirit (β = 0.154, p = 0.009) and Anxious Anticipation (β = 0.231, p < 0.001), while a negative relationship was found between Religious Attitude and Despair/Hopelessness (β = −0.413, p < 0.001).ConclusionsPatients' religious attitudes and spiritual well‐being levels affected their psychological reactions to cancer, increased their “fighting spirit” and their “anxious preoccupation” about the disease, and decreased their helplessness/hopelessness, fatalism, denial and avoidance.
Proteomic insights into Helcococcus kunzii in a diabetic foot ulcer‐like environment
Authors: Durand Benjamin A. R. N. , Dunyach‐Remy Catherine , El Kaddouri Oumayma , Daher Riham , Lavigne Jean‐Philippe , Armengaud Jean , Grenga Lucia 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPurposeHelcococcus kunzii is a skin commensal, Gram‐positive bacterium, mostly isolated from infected chronic wounds. This opportunistic pathogen is usually co‐isolated with Staphylococcus aureus. The present dataset explores the production and secretion of H. kunzii bacterial virulence interacting proteins in a growth medium mimicking chronic wounds in exponential and stationary growth phases.Experimental DesignThe H. kunzii cellular proteome and exoproteome were assessed by analyzing three biological replicates per condition tested. Samples were analyzed using a Q‐Exactive HF mass spectrometer. Comparative and functional analyses were performed to profile the identified protein set.ResultsThe H. kunzii’s cellular proteome encompassed 969 proteins, among which 64 and 53 were specifically identified in the exponential and stationary phase of growth, respectively. Its exoproteome comprised 58 proteins, among which 16 and 14 were characteristic of each growth stage. Metabolic differences between the two phases of growth are discussed. Besides, the production of previously shortlisted and novel putative H. kunzii targets involved in modulating the virulence of S. aureus is investigated.Conclusion and Clinical RelevanceThis work, pioneering the study of H. kunzii physiology in a chronic wound‐like environment, should assist future research on this opportunistic pathogen and the search for innovative approaches for wound management.
Consequence analysis in industrial organizations containing H2S gas through accident scenarios based on chemical source selection
Authors: Çetinyokuş Saliha 
Published: April 2023

AbstractH2S gas emissions occur in various processes, especially in the purification of polluted waters, mining, and petroleum refining processes and this extremely dangerous chemical has serious toxic emission, explosion, and fire effects. These physical effects vary considerably depending on the source strength. Therefore, consequence analyzes based on source strength models are critical components in the process of assessing hazards. In this study, a consequence analysis was performed with accident scenarios related to different sources of H2S gas. ALOHA 5.4.7 and EFFECTS 8.0.1 Software were used for physical effects modeling. Modeling studies were conducted on direct source (continuous release:100 m3/s, 5 m3/s), puddle source (100 m3, 5 m3), tank source (vertical‐horizontal cylindrical, spherical, 1.57 m3), and gas pipeline source with ALOHA Software. Possible Gas LOC (Levels of Concern) scenario Leak (G3) and Gas LOC scenario release in 10 min (G2) scenarios were studied with EFFECTS Software. When the results of both software were compared with each other, it was seen that the effects of thermal radiation and explosion were of similar order and value, and the toxic effect values were very different from each other. Both software allow for a release above ground level for gases that behave as neutrally buoyant. The main difference between the dispersion models used in the software is that the gas is assumed to behave as non‐interacting ideal gas in ALOHA, but in EFFECTS deviations from ideal gas are considered. And, ALOHA dispersion models use surface roughness lengths in a limited fashion and only include 60‐min AEGLs. ALOHA does not account for topographic steering or winds that vary with time in EFFECTS. It can be said that the results of the ALOHA Software are more conservative than the EFFECTS Software.