bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-term home care communication with older people in Taiwan: strategies and rationales
Authors: Chen Chin-Hui 
Published: July 2023

Purpose
The demand for long-term home care services has been increasing in Taiwan due to the significant growth of the older population. In order to understand the crucial roles that language and communication play in providing better long-term home care services in Taiwan, this study aims to adopt a gerontological sociolinguistic perspective to investigate how professional care workers communicate with older people in this context.

Design/methodology/approach
Interviews were conducted with 58 long-term home care workers to identify their communication accommodation strategies for older people, considering their health conditions (dementia), personalities (grumpiness), living status (loneliness) and general principles of long-term home care communication.

Findings
The study's findings provide practical insights for long-term home care workers to enhance their communication skills while interacting with older people.

Research limitations/implications
The results could contribute to improving the quality of care services provided to older people and address their specific communication needs.

Originality/value
To the best of the author’s knowledge, this paper is the first attempt to identify contextually specific communication accommodations to older people in existing literature of gerontological sociolinguistics that addresses language, communication and older age. The salience of the findings in this study can be further enhanced if they were applied in the development of training programs for future Taiwanese long-term home care workers.
Vaginal morphology and position associated with prolapse recurrence after vaginal surgery: A secondary analysis of the DEMAND study
Authors: Bowen Shaniel T. , Moalli Pamela A. , Abramowitch Steven D. , Luchristt Douglas H. , Meyer Isuzu , Rardin Charles R. , Harvie Heidi S. , Hahn Michael E. , Mazloomdoost Donna , Iyer Pooja , Carper Benjamin , Gantz Marie G. ,   for the NICHD Pelvic Floor Disorders Network
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo identify vaginal morphology and position factors associated with prolapse recurrence following vaginal surgery.DesignSecondary analysis of magnetic resonance images (MRI) of the Defining Mechanisms of Anterior Vaginal Wall Descent cross‐sectional study.SettingEight clinical sites in the US Pelvic Floor Disorders Network.Population or SampleWomen who underwent vaginal mesh hysteropexy (hysteropexy) with sacrospinous fixation or vaginal hysterectomy with uterosacral ligament suspension (hysterectomy) for uterovaginal prolapse between April 2013 and February 2015.MethodsThe MRI (rest, strain) obtained 30–42 months after surgery, or earlier for participants with recurrence who desired reoperation before 30 months, were analysed. MRI‐based prolapse recurrence was defined as prolapse beyond the hymen at strain on MRI. Vaginal segmentations (at rest) were used to create three‐dimensional models placed in a morphometry algorithm to quantify and compare vaginal morphology (angulation, dimensions) and position.Main outcome measuresVaginal angulation (upper, lower and upper–lower vaginal angles in the sagittal and coronal plane), dimensions (length, maximum transverse width, surface area, volume) and position (apex, mid‐vagina) at rest.ResultsOf the 82 women analysed, 12/41 (29%) in the hysteropexy group and 22/41 (54%) in the hysterectomy group had prolapse recurrence. After hysteropexy, women with recurrence had a more laterally deviated upper vagina (p = 0.02) at rest than women with successful surgery. After hysterectomy, women with recurrence had a more inferiorly (lower) positioned vaginal apex (p = 0.01) and mid‐vagina (p = 0.01) at rest than women with successful surgery.ConclusionsVaginal angulation and position were associated with prolapse recurrence and suggestive of vaginal support mechanisms related to surgical technique and potential unaddressed anatomical defects. Future prospective studies in women before and after prolapse surgery may distinguish these two factors.
Preconception maternal retinal arteriolar narrowing and fetal growth throughout pregnancy: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Li Ling‐Jun , Du Ruochen , Chan Jerry Kok Yen , Tan Kok Hian , Wong Tien Yin , Eriksson Johan G. , Su Lin Lin , Chong Yap Seng , Huang Zhongwei , Zhang Cuilin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the association between preconception maternal retinal arteriolar calibre and fetal growth.Design, setting and populationA hospital‐based, prospective preconception cohort including 369 women with a singleton live birth.MethodsWe collected detailed information on sociodemographic status, pregnancy history and lifestyle, and performed retinal imaging at the preconception visit.Main outcome measuresWe retrieved medical records documenting fetal growth biometrics (e.g., abdominal circumference [AC], head circumference [HC], femur length [FL]) at 11–13, 18–21, 24–28, and 32–34 weeks throughout pregnancy. We then computed the z scores for all fetal growth biometrics from 14 weeks of gestation where data were available, referencing the INTERGROWTH‐21st fetal growth chart. We used a linear mixed model to estimate the association between maternal preconception retinal arteriolar calibre and fetal growth biometrics z scores throughout pregnancy, with random intercept accounting for repeated measures within individuals. We then performed a multivariable linear regression of maternal preconception retinal arteriolar calibre and z score changes for all fetal growth biometrics between 24–28 weeks and 32–34 weeks of gestation, after full adjustment.ResultsMaternal preconception generalised retinal arteriolar narrowing was consistently associated with a reduction in fetal AC z scores (−0.34; 95% CI −0.66 to −0.03) throughout pregnancy. In addition, women with preconception generalised retinal arteriolar narrowing tended to have significantly reduced z score changes in AC (−0.41; 95% CI −0.90 to −0.001) and fetal FL (−0.55; 95% CI −1.00 to −0.10) between 24–28 weeks and 32–34 weeks of gestation, respectively.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that women with narrower preconception retinal arterioles had smaller fetuses, evidenced by reductions in AC and FL z score throughout pregnancy.
Disulfiram relieves severe acute pancreatitis by inhibiting GSDMD‐dependent NETs formation
Authors: Ling Xin , Nie Chi , Sheng Li Ping , Han Chao Qun , Ding Zhen 
Published: July 2023

ObjectivesSevere acute pancreatitis (SAP) is characterized by pancreatic and systemic inflammation and persistent organ failure. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are considered to play an important role in the development of SAP. We aimed to explore the effect of disulfiram (DSL), a newly developed anti‐inflammatory drug, on NETs in SAP.MethodsA mouse model of SAP was induced by caerulein and lipopolysaccharide, and the mice were divided into the normal control group, the DSL group, the SAP group, and the SAP treated with 50 mg/kg (50DSLSAP) and 100 mg/kg DSL (100DSLSAP) groups, respectively. The severity of SAP was evaluated based on the morphological and biochemical changes. Gasdermin D (GSDMD) expression was evaluated in vivo and in vitro to verify the effect of DSL. Additionally, the expressions of NETs were also evaluated in vivo and in vitro in SAP with and without DSL treatment to explore the possible mechanism of DSL on SAP.ResultsPancreatic inflammatory injury increased in the SAP group, which was alleviated by DSL. GSDMD, a protein related to the formation of NETs, increased in SAP. Expressions of NETs were also promoted in the in vivo SAP model and by phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) in vitro. Moreover, DSL inhibited the expressions of GSDMD and NETs in vivo. The results were further confirmed in the in vitro experiment.ConclusionsNETs are highly associated with inflammatory injury in SAP. DSL inhibits NETs formation by downregulating GSDMD, which in turn relieves the inflammation of SAP. Our study may provide a possible therapeutic target for SAP.
Boundary experts: Science and politics in measuring the Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: Iversen Thor Olav 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) purport to cleanly separate politics and technical matters, embodied by the political negotiation of goals and targets, and the technical creation of an indicator framework. This article analyses how this boundary between science and politics is managed in practice. The statisticians tasked with selecting indicators through the Inter‐agency and Expert Group on Sustainable Development Goal Indicators (IAEG‐SDGs) are seconded to a global process from national statistical offices. Boundary management requires acceptance of certain normative and political aspects of creating an indicator framework, such as claims to national relevance. Others, like overt national intervention, are however considered impermissible. Each statistician must manage their role as a boundary expert that experience irresolvable tensions due to representing specific countries while being mandated to propound scientific practices and norms. Building on this empirical inquiry, the article sketches out a new normative ideal for knowledge pluralism in the measurement of sustainable development. It argues that indicator processes would benefit from more pluralistic indicator bodies than the IAEG‐SDGs. Including diversified knowledge and perspectives from civil society and international organisations would explicate already existing political contestation. It would also contribute to capturing more of the complexities of sustainable development in future monitoring frameworks through consideration of a broader selection of methodologies.
Especies exóticas y nativas utilizadas por las poblaciones tradicionales de la estepa patagónica: Un enfoque basado en la redundancia y la versatilidad
Authors: Santoro Flávia Rosa , Arias Toledo Bárbara , Richeri Marina , Ladio Ana Haydeé 
Published: July 2023

ResumenEl modelo de redundancia utilitaria se ha utilizado para verificar indirectamente la resiliencia de los sistemas de conocimiento de plantas beneficiosas utilizados por las poblaciones locales. A partir de las bases de este modelo y de la hipótesis de la diversificación, podemos pensar que las especies exóticas pueden entrar en los sistemas socioecológicos para llenar vacíos y reducir la presión de uso sobre las especies nativas. En este estudio, queremos describir el panorama de la redundancia de especies de plantas utilizadas por tres poblaciones tradicionales de la estepa patagónica con fines medicinales, combustibles y comestibles. También comparamos la presión de uso y el grado de singularidad de las especies nativas y exóticas, utilizando la redundancia y la versatilidad como variables sustitutivas. Nuestros resultados muestran que, según la redundancia utilitaria, los sistemas de conocimiento de plantas de las tres comunidades parecen tener una capacidad de adaptación similar para proporcionar opciones de respuesta al cambio; por ejemplo, permitiendo que ciertos elementos compensen/sustituyan la pérdida de otros. Descubrimos que las especies nativas son las más singulares y pueden estar sometidas a una mayor presión de uso que las exóticas. Así pues, nuestros resultados apuntan a la importancia de conservar el ambiente nativo de la estepa patagónica para la supervivencia de las poblaciones tradicionales. Nuestro estudio puede servir para establecer especies botánicas prioritarias para la conservación en la estepa patagónica.
How hotel firm value fluctuates with alternative leveraging strategies
Authors: Chen Ying , Valenzuela Eric , Capener Don 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis study empirically examines the impact of leverage and capital structure on firm value for the US hotel industry from 1991 to 2017. We find strong evidence that leverage positively relates to firm value for firms in the hotel industry. This relationship is most robust for hotel firms with low financial health, consistent with the theory that firms signal positive information through capital structure. We also find that the relationship between leverage and firm value was weakened during the financial crisis, particularly for firms close to financial distress. Our results suggest that hotel management, creditors, and investors should pay attention to the magnifying effect of leverage on firm performance and the impact of financial crises on the value of debt. This study's empirical results also support the idea that firms in the hotel industry signal to outside investors through debt.
The Second Displacement of Refugees: Urban Regeneration Against Commoning Practices in Belgrade's Waterfront
Authors: Tsavdaroglou Charalampos , Kaika Maria 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe develop the concept of “second displacement” to symbolise the renewed forms of uprooting that refugees undergo in arrival cities in the name of urban regeneration. Focusing on the eviction of 2,000 refugees from a self‐organised settlement in Belgrade's old train station in order to redevelop the site as a luxurious “Waterfront” project, we show how the refugees’ commoning practices and claims for living space in city centres often come into direct conflict with public and private interests over urban regeneration and with imaginaries over who has the right to the city. Whilst most displacement literature focuses on state policies, we call attention to how the uprooting of refugees is often entangled with urban renewal plans and private investors’ interests. In Belgrade, the depiction of the refugees’ living spaces as “badlands” by the state, catalysed the formation of the rent gap that facilitated re‐allocation of rights to the city.
Development and evaluation of a kangaroo mother care implementation model in South Ethiopia
Authors: Tadele Henok , Kassa Dejene Hailu , Gebriel Fitsum W. , Bilal Selamawit Mengesha , Gedefaw Abel , Teshome Million , Kawza Aknaw , Wangoro Shemels , Muleta Mekonnen , Abebo Teshome Abuka , Asefa Anteneh , Astatkie Ayalew , Haji Yusuf , Alemayehu Akalewold , Aziz Khalid , Brune Thomas , Singhal Nalini , Worku Bogale , Tadesse Birkneh Tilahun 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimTo develop a model for increasing the coverage of kangaroo mother care (KMC), which involved ≥8 h of skin‐to‐skin contact per day and exclusive breastfeeding, for small babies with birth weight < 2000 g in South Ethiopia.MethodsA mixed methods study was conducted between June 2017 and January 2019 at four hospitals and their catchment areas. Iterative cycles of implementation, program learning and evaluation were used to optimise KMC implementation models. The study explored the community‐facility continuum of care and assessed the proportion of neonates with a birth weight less than 2000 g receiving effective KMC.ResultsThree KMC implementation models were tested with Model 2 being the final version. This model included enhanced identification of home births, improved referral linkages, immediate skin‐to‐skin care initiation in facilities and early contact after discharge. These improvements resulted in 86% coverage of effective facility‐based KMC initiation for eligible babies. The coverage was 81.5% at discharge and 57.5% 7 days after discharge. The mean age of babies at KMC initiation was 8.2 days (SD = 5.7).ConclusionThe study found that the KMC implementation model was feasible and can lead to substantial population‐level KMC coverage for small babies.
Black box algorithms in mental health apps: An ethical reflection
Authors: Manríquez Roa Tania , Biller‐Andorno Nikola 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMental health apps bring unprecedented benefits and risks to individual and public health. A thorough evaluation of these apps involves considering two aspects that are often neglected: the algorithms they deploy and the functions they perform. We focus on mental health apps based on black box algorithms, explore their forms of opacity, discuss the implications derived from their opacity, and propose how to use their outcomes in mental healthcare, self‐care practices, and research. We argue that there is a relevant distinction between functions performed by algorithms in mental health apps, and we focus on the functions of analysis and generation of advice. When performing analytic functions, such as identifying patterns and making predictions concerning people's emotions, thoughts, and behaviors, black box algorithms can be better than other algorithms to provide information to identify early signs of relapse, support diagnostic processes, and improve research by generating outcomes that lead to a better understanding of mental health. However, when carrying out the function of providing mental health advice, black box algorithms have the potential to deliver unforeseen advice that may harm users. We argue that the outcomes of these apps may be trustworthy as a complementary source of information, but express caution about black box algorithms that give advice directly to users. To reap the benefits of mental health apps based on black box algorithms and avoid unintended consequences, we critically need to know whether these algorithms are fulfilling the function of providing mental health advice.
Identification of compounds that preferentially suppress the growth of T‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia‐derived cells
Authors: Miyashita Kazuya , Yagi Takuya , Kagaya Noritaka , Takechi Azusa , Nakata Chihiro , Kanda Risa , Nuriya Hideko , Tanegashima Kosuke , Hoyano Shota , Seki Fumiya , Yoshida Chihiro , Hachiro Yoshifumi , Higashi Tomoya , Kitada Nobuo , Toya Takashi , Kobayashi Takeshi , Najima Yuho , Goyama Susumu , Maki Shojiro A. , Kitamura Toshio , Doki Noriko , Shin‐ya Kazuo , Hara Takahiko 
Published: July 2023

AbstractT‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T‐ALL) is one of the most frequently occurring cancers in children and is associated with a poor prognosis. Here, we performed large‐scale screening of natural compound libraries to identify potential drugs against T‐ALL. We identified three low‐molecular‐weight compounds (auxarconjugatin‐B, rumbrin, and lavendamycin) that inhibited the proliferation of the T‐ALL cell line CCRF‐CEM, but not that of the B lymphoma cell line Raji in a low concentration range. Among them, auxarconjugatin‐B and rumbrin commonly contained a polyenyl 3‐chloropyrrol in their chemical structure, therefore we chose auxarconjugatin‐B for further analyses. Auxarconjugatin‐B suppressed the in vitro growth of five human T‐ALL cell lines and two T‐ALL patient‐derived cells, but not that of adult T‐cell leukemia patient‐derived cells. Cultured normal T cells were several‐fold resistant to auxarconjugatin‐B. Auxarconjugatin‐B and its synthetic analogue Ra#37 depolarized the mitochondrial membrane potential of CCRF‐CEM cells within 3 h of treatment. These compounds are promising seeds for developing novel anti‐T‐ALL drugs.
Men, testosterone and Covid‐19
Authors: Groti Antonic Kristina , Antonic Blaz , Caliber Monica , Dhindsa Sandeep 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMen have more severe Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid‐19) outcomes and higher mortality rates than women, and it was suggested that testosterone levels might promote severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infection and Covid‐19 severity. However, clinical studies have not supported this theory. Studies have consistently shown that serum testosterone concentrations during acute Covid‐19 in men are inversely proportional to the inflammatory cytokines and severity of illness. It is likely that lower testosterone concentrations in this setting are a result of acute Covid‐19 illness on the hypothalamic–pituitary–testicular axis. Clinical trials that attempted to lower testosterone concentrations further or block androgen signaling acutely during Covid‐19 in men did not result in improved Covid‐19 outcomes. Additionally, pre‐existing male hypogonadism, diagnosed before Covid‐19 pandemic, was found to be a risk factor for hospitalization from Covid‐19. In this review, we also discuss the preclinical and mechanistic studies that have evaluated the role of androgens in SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and illness. Finally, long‐term consequences of Covid‐19 on male reproductive health are reviewed. SARS‐CoV‐2 virus is known to infiltrate testis and induce orchitis in men, but it is unclear if Covid‐19 leads to an increase in incidence of male hypogonadism.
Creating an appetite awareness and lifestyle modification intervention for Black women at risk for binge eating disorder: A pilot open trial
Authors: Goode Rachel W. , Bardone‐Cone Anna , Wilhoit‐Reeves Stephanie , Williams Lesley , Malian Hannah , Coan Danielle , Noem Taylor , Tate Deborah F. 
Published: July 2023

SummaryDespite the availability of evidence‐based interventions to improve binge eating, Black women have some of the lowest rates of access to care for eating disorders. Innovation is needed to offer accessible and culturally relevant treatment options. To this end, using an open trial design, we investigated the feasibility and acceptability of a group‐based, appetite awareness training (AAT) + lifestyle modification (LM) programme in Black women at risk for BED in a primary care setting. Participants (n = 20) were Black women recruited from a family medicine centre affiliated with a local public university, and who reported at least two binge eating episodes in the last 28 days. Participants completed a 16‐session AAT + LM programme over 4 months. Key outcomes were objective binge eating (assessed by the EDE and the EDE‐Q), body dissatisfaction, and weight change, all assessed at baseline, four (post‐treatment) and 6 months (2‐month follow‐up). Ninety‐five percent of participants completed assessments at post‐treatment and attended nearly 60% of intervention sessions. Among completers (n = 19), body dissatisfaction and objective binge eating decreased from baseline to post‐treatment and this decrease was maintained at the 2‐month follow‐up. In exit interviews, participants reported programme satisfaction. Providing training in appetite awareness combined with lifestyle modification principles may be useful in the treatment of body dissatisfaction and binge eating among Black women.