bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of G. applanatum Crude Polysaccharide Extract on Proinflammatory Cytokines and Proapoptotic Caspases in HeLa Cell Line: An In Vitro Study
Authors: A’yun Qurrotu , Susilo Raden Joko Kuncoroningrat , Hayaza Suhailah , Fikriyah Nur’aini , Musthoza Fina Syifa’una , Islamatasya Ufairanisa , Rohmatika Aulia Umi , Winarni Dwi , Wahyuningsih Sri Puji Astuti , Doong Ruey-an , Karsari Deya , Yanti Aristika Dinar , Fahmi Mochammad Zakki , Darmanto Win 
Published: September 2023

Polysaccharide extracts exhibit promise as potential anticancer agents. Among the fungi rich in polysaccharide content, G. applanatum stands out; however, its anticancer activity necessitates further investigation. This study aims to explore the impact of G. applanatum crude polysaccharide (GACP) extract by assessing its effects on cell viability, levels of proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-2, and IL-12, and levels of proapoptotic markers including caspase-3 and caspase-9, as well as the percentages of necrosis and apoptosis in the HeLa cell line. Employing the HeLa cell line as a research model, four groups were studied: KN (media and DMSO), K+ (doxorubicin 10 μg/mL), P1 (G. applanatum extract 200 μg/mL), and P2 (G. applanatum extract 400 μg/mL). The G. applanatum extract was obtained via boiling distilled water. Anticancer activity was evaluated through the MTT test (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) conducted over three treatment durations (24, 48, and 72 hours). Cytokine levels and caspase-3 and caspase-9 levels were assessed using the ELISA test. Cell apoptosis was determined using the Annexin V-PI biomarker and analyzed through flow cytometry. The MTT test exhibited optimal results at the 48-hour treatment mark. Cytokine level analysis revealed significant reductions in TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-2, and IL-12 levels (

p

< 0.005). Concurrently, caspase-3 and caspase-9 levels exhibited substantial increases (

p

< 0.005). Flow cytometry highlighted the highest percentage of apoptosis in HeLa cells. In conclusion, G. applanatum’s polysaccharide extract demonstrates potential as an anticancer and therapeutic agent for cancer treatment.
Species-Site Suitability Assessment of Bamboo and Its Detailed Study in Different Agroecological Zones of Kenya
Authors: Lohani Tarun Kumar , Sigu Gordon , Oduor Nellie , Reza Selim , Durai Jayaraman 
Published: September 2023

The site suitability assessment of Bamboo in Kenya was studied for diverse agroecological zones (AEZs) comprising one indigenous and fifteen exotic bamboo species in nine different AEZs of Kenya. Three bamboo clumps from each species that were at least five years old were assessed to accurately capture data on growth performance and yield. Soil samples collected at 0–30 cm depth from different areas varied considerably. The proportion of soil varied across the bamboo planting sites (F(1,11) = 24.94;

p

< 0.001), soil pH in the planting sites varied significantly (F(1,11) = 13.92;

p

< 0.001), and soil bulk densities had different results (F(1,11) = 13.92;

p

< 0.001). The lowest bulk density (0.61 ± 0.01) was recorded in Kakamega (UM1), while the highest (1.63 ± 0.01) was reported in Gede. Data on characteristics of clumps and internode length and wall thickness integrated through GenStat statistical software using ANOVA entail a huge variation in growth performance for each bamboo species across planting sites. Morphological characters were also studied in detail. The mean height, diameter, and stocking density were comparatively lower even in elevated zones that were only 200 m below its natural range. This resulted in an extremely low yield, which is not viable for economic investment. The species is unsuitable for plantation establishment outside its natural range of 2300 m–3200 m above the sea level (a.s.l.). Plantation below this range will not dissipate but will not attain a healthy growth. The primary use will be restricted for ornamental and conservation purposes such as scaffolding, roof construction, and fabrication of basic household furniture.
Prognostic Value of Modified Coronary Flow Capacity Derived From [
15
O]H
2
O Positron Emission Tomography Perfusion Imaging
Authors: de Winter Ruben W. , Jukema Ruurt A. , van Diemen Pepijn A. , Schumacher Stefan P. , Somsen Yvemarie B.O. , van de Hoef Tim P. , van Rossum Albert C. , Twisk Jos W.R. , Maaniitty Teemu , Knuuti Juhani , Saraste Antti , Nap Alexander , Raijmakers Pieter G. , Danad Ibrahim , Knaapen Paul 
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND:

Coronary flow capacity (CFC) is a measure that integrates hyperemic myocardial blood flow and coronary flow reserve to quantify the pathophysiological impact of coronary artery disease on vasodilator capacity. This study explores the prognostic value of modified CFC derived from [
15
O]H
2
O positron emission tomography perfusion imaging.

METHODS:
Quantitative rest/stress perfusion measurements were obtained from 1300 patients with known or suspected coronary artery disease. Patients were classified as having myocardial steal (n=38), severely reduced CFC (n=141), moderately reduced CFC (n=394), minimally reduced CFC (n=245), or normal flow (n=482) using previously defined thresholds. The end point was a composite of death and nonfatal myocardial infarction.

RESULTS:

During a median follow-up of 5.5 (interquartile range, 3.7–7.8) years, the end point occurred in 153 (12%) patients. Myocardial steal (hazard ratio [HR], 6.70 [95% CI, 3.21–13.99];
P
<0.001), severely reduced CFC (HR, 2.35 [95% CI, 1.16–4.78];
P
=0.018), and moderately reduced CFC (HR, 1.95 [95% CI, 1.11–3.41];
P
=0.020) were associated with worse prognosis compared with normal flow, after adjusting for clinical characteristics. Similarly, in the overall population, increased resting myocardial blood flow (HR, 3.05 [95% CI, 1.68–5.54];
P
<0.001), decreased hyperemic myocardial blood flow (HR, 0.68 [95% CI, 0.52–0.90];
P
=0.007) and decreased coronary flow reserve (HR, 0.55 [95% CI, 0.42–0.71];
P
<0.001) were independently associated with adverse outcome. In a model adjusted for the combined use of perfusion metrics, modified CFC demonstrated independent prognostic value (overall
P
=0.017).

CONCLUSIONS:

[
15
O]H
2
O positron emission tomography–derived resting myocardial blood flow, hyperemic myocardial blood flow, coronary flow reserve, and CFC are prognostic factors for death and nonfatal myocardial infarction in patients with known or suspected coronary artery disease. Importantly, after adjustment for clinical characteristics and the combined use of [
15
O]H
2
O positron emission tomography perfusion metrics, modified CFC remained independently associated with adverse outcome.
Self-Organization of Nonlinearly Coupled Neural Fluctuations Into Synergistic Population Codes
Authors: Ma Hengyuan , Qi Yang , Gong Pulin , Zhang Jie , Lu Wen-lian , Feng Jianfeng 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Neural activity in the brain exhibits correlated fluctuations that may strongly influence the properties of neural population coding. However, how such correlated neural fluctuations may arise from the intrinsic neural circuit dynamics and subsequently affect the computational properties of neural population activity remains poorly understood. The main difficulty lies in resolving the nonlinear coupling between correlated fluctuations with the overall dynamics of the system. In this study, we investigate the emergence of synergistic neural population codes from the intrinsic dynamics of correlated neural fluctuations in a neural circuit model capturing realistic nonlinear noise coupling of spiking neurons. We show that a rich repertoire of spatial correlation patterns naturally emerges in a bump attractor network and further reveals the dynamical regime under which the interplay between differential and noise correlations leads to synergistic codes. Moreover, we find that negative correlations may induce stable bound states between two bumps, a phenomenon previously unobserved in firing rate models. These noise-induced effects of bump attractors lead to a number of computational advantages including enhanced working memory capacity and efficient spatiotemporal multiplexing and can account for a range of cognitive and behavioral phenomena related to working memory. This study offers a dynamical approach to investigating realistic correlated neural fluctuations and insights to their roles in cortical computations.
The Prospect and Limitations of Digital Diplomacy: The Case of Indonesia
Authors: Triwibowo Albert 
Published: September 2023

Summary
One facet of information and communication technology in diplomacy is how and to what extent states implement digital tools in their diplomatic practices. This article focuses on the Indonesian Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MoFA) and argues that it has performed the early stages of digital diplomacy, during which it is carried out for information dissemination purposes and is mainly influenced by the domestic agenda. The research finds that Indonesian digital diplomacy is affected by various factors that have a substantial effect on the MoFA’s digital diplomacy plan of action. This article is a qualitative study supported mainly by primary data from interviews with Indonesian diplomats, high-ranking officials in the Indonesian MoFA, and Indonesian scholars and citizens. The focus is on the social media activity of the Indonesian MoFA on Twitter (@Kemlu_RI), Facebook (Kementerian Luar Negeri RI) and Instagram (kemlu_ri) from 2020 to April 2022.
Pooled Longitudinal Dataset on the Assessment of an Apprenticeship-Based Entrepreneurship Intervention in Nigeria
Authors: Olofinyehun Adedayo , Adeyeye Jumoke , Egbetokun Abiodun , Olomu Michael , Oluwadare Jessica , Sanni Maruf , Orisadare Monica 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This dataset presents longitudinal data collected through four surveys (in six-monthly intervals) of fresh university and polytechnic graduates in Nigeria. The data were collected from 21,940 unique young men and women who underwent National Youth Service Corps (nysc) programme across ten states in Nigeria. The nysc programme is a compulsory one-year national service that all Nigerians under the age of 30 years must undergo after graduation. A key component of the one-year service is the Skills Acquisition and Entrepreneurship Development (saed) programme of the nysc. The dataset is useful for many purposes. It contains enough information to fully profile the entrepreneurship and apprenticeship characteristics of the fresh graduates. Moreover, it can be used to quantify the potential pool of future entrepreneurs among highly educated Nigerian youth. The dataset was originally used to assess the impact of saed, being an apprenticeship-based entrepreneurship intervention, on entrepreneurial outcomes among young persons. However, its use may also extend to an assessment of the impact of compulsory entrepreneurship training in the Nigerian university system that produced most of the respondents.
The Impacts of Grid Spacing and Station Network on Surface Analyses and Forecasts in Beijing Winter Olympic Complex Terrain
Authors: Song Linye , Yang Lu , Cheng Conglan , Hasi Aru , Chen Mingxuan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This study investigates the impacts of grid spacing and station network on surface analyses and forecasts including temperature, humidity, and winds in Beijing Winter Olympic complex terrain. The high-resolution analyses are generated by a rapid-refresh integrated system that includes a topographic downscaling procedure. Results show that surface analyses are more accurate with a higher targeted grid spacing. In particular, the average analysis errors of surface temperature, humidity, and winds are all significantly reduced when the grid size is increased. This improvement is mainly attributed to a more realistic simulation of the topographic effects in the integrated system because the topographic downscaling at higher grid spacing can add more details in a complex mountain region. From 1 km to 100 m, 1–12-h forecasts of temperature and humidity are also largely improved, while the wind only shows a slight improvement for 1–6-h forecasts. The influence of station network on the surface analyses is further examined. Results show that the spatial distributions of temperature and humidity at a 100-m space scale are more realistic and accurate when adding an intensive automatic weather station network, as more observational information can be absorbed. The adding of a station network can also reduce forecast errors, which can last for about 6 h. However, although surface winds display better analysis skill when more stations are added, the wind at the mountaintop region sometimes encounters a marginally worse effect for both analysis and forecast. The results are helpful to improve the analysis and forecast products in complex terrain and have some implications for downscaling from a coarse grid size to a finer grid.
An Evaluation of IMERG and ERA5 Quantitative Precipitation Estimates over the Southern Ocean Using Shipborne Observations
Authors: Montoya Duque E. , Huang Y. , May P. T. , Siems S. T. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Recent voyages of the Australian R/V Investigator across the remote Southern Ocean have provided unprecedented observations of precipitation made with both an Ocean Rainfall and Ice-Phase Precipitation Measurement Network (OceanRAIN) maritime disdrometer and a dual-polarization C-band weather radar (OceanPOL). This present study employs these observations to evaluate the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) Integrated Multi-satellitE Retrievals for GPM (IMERG) and the fifth major global reanalysis produced by ECMWF (ERA5) precipitation products. Working at a resolution of 60 min and 0.25° (∼25 km), light rain and drizzle are most frequently observed across the region. The IMERG product overestimated precipitation intensity when evaluated against the OceanRAIN but captured the frequency of occurrence well. Looking at the synoptic/process scale, IMERG was found to be the least accurate (overestimated intensity) under warm-frontal and high-latitude cyclone conditions, where multilayer clouds were commonly present. Under postfrontal conditions, IMERG underestimated the precipitation frequency. In comparison, ERA5’s skill was more consistent across various synoptic conditions, except for high pressure conditions where the precipitation frequency (intensity) was highly overestimated (underestimated). Using the OceanPOL radar, an area-to-area analysis (fractional skill score) finds that ERA5 has greater skill than IMERG. There is little agreement in the phase classification between the OceanRAIN disdrometer, IMERG, and ERA5. The comparisons are complicated by the various assumptions for phase classification in the different datasets.

Significance Statement
Our best quantitative estimates of precipitation over the remote, pristine Southern Ocean (SO) continue to suffer from a high degree of uncertainty, with large differences present among satellite-based and reanalysis products. New instrumentation on the R/V Investigator, specifically a dual-polarization C-band weather radar (OceanPOL) and a maritime disdrometer (OceanRAIN), provide unprecedented high-quality observations of precipitation across the SO that will aid in improving precipitation estimates in this region. We use these observations to evaluate the IMERG and ERA5 precipitation products. We find that, in general, IMERG overestimated precipitation intensity, but captured the frequency of occurrence well. In comparison, ERA5 was found to overestimate the frequency of precipitation. Using the OceanPOL radar, an area-to-area analysis finds that ERA5 has greater skill than IMERG.
The relationships among activity information, personal recovery, and related psychosocial factors in psychiatric day-care users in Japan
Authors: Isaji Hikari , Hoshino Aiko , Asakura Tatsumi , Yamashita Yuji , Murata Natsumi , Kito Aki 
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Psychiatric day-care services play a central role in community-based care in Japan. Recovery and related psychosocial factors are critical in promoting community participation of people with mental illness. This study aimed to reveal the relationships among activity information, personal recovery, and related psychosocial factors in day-care users. Method: Forty day-care participants answered self-report questionnaires. The following assessments were applied: Recovery Assessment Scale, Occupational Questionnaire, Perceived Devaluation Discrimination Scale, and 26-item version of World Health Organization Quality of Life (QOL). The correlations among the factors were analyzed. Results: Data for 35 people were analyzed. Total recovery score was strongly correlated with total WHOQOL-26 score ( r = 0.76, p < 0.001). Total QOL score was positively related with the value of activities ( r = 0.46, p < 0.05). Social QOL and total stigma score had a significant negative relationship ( r = −0.44, p < 0.05). Conclusion: Participation in activities was suggested to improve QOL. Although there was a strong relationship between recovery and QOL, it was unclear to what extent participation in activities was related to recovery. We should consider approaches regarding other factors to fully accomplish community integration and personal recovery.
Efficacy and Safety of the Phytochemical Product Linfadren in the Management of Patients With Persistent Ankle Edema Following Trauma or Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Cacchio Angelo , Calvisi Vittorio , Di Carlo Giancarlo , Petralia Giuseppe , Angelozzi Massimo 
Published: September 2023

Background: Persistent posttraumatic/postsurgery ankle edema (PPAE) is edema that persists from 2 weeks to 3 months after injury or surgery. PPAE has negative effects on the healing process and quality of life. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a phytochemical product containing diosmin, coumarin, and arbutin (Linfadren) in addition to the conventional treatment, in patients with PPAE. Methods: Between October 2018 and February 2020, 60 outpatients with PPAE (42 with ankle fractures and 18 with ankle sprains) were enrolled and randomized (1:1 ratio) to receive either 6-week conventional treatment plus Linfadren (study group) or conventional treatment alone (control group). Primary outcome was ankle edema as measured by the “figure-of-8-20” method. Secondary outcomes were ankle function measured by the Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS), and patient’s overall perceived treatment efficacy. Tolerability of Linfadren was also evaluated. Assessments were performed at baseline, at end of treatment (6 weeks after baseline), and 3 months after the end of treatment (follow-up). A subgroup analysis was also conducted for the injury type (fracture/sprain) to identify if this factor affected the results of the primary outcome measure. Results: At the end of treatment, the study group had a significantly greater improvement in ankle edema, improved ankle function, and more patients who considered this treatment effective compared with the control group. The measured difference in circumference by the figure-of-8-20 method averaged 4% at 6 weeks and 5% at 3 months. No difference between groups was seen in rescue medication. No adverse events were recorded. Subgroup analysis revealed no significant influence of the injury type on the primary outcome measure. Conclusion: Linfadren in addition to conventional treatment was more effective than conventional treatment alone in patients with PPAE. Level of Evidence: Level I, randomized controlled trial.
Qualitative study of Oncology Clinicians’ Perceptions of Barriers to Offering Clinical Trials to Underserved Populations
Authors: Perez Giselle K. , Oberoi Anjali R. , Finkelstein-Fox Lucy , Park Elyse R. , Nipp Ryan D. , Moy Beverly 
Published: September 2023

Introduction Cancer clinical trials represent the “gold standard” for advancing novel cancer therapies. Optimizing trial participation is critical to ensuring the generalizability of findings across patients, yet trial enrollment rates, particularly among minority and socioeconomically disadvantaged populations, remain suboptimal. Methods We conducted in-depth interviews with oncologists at a large academic medical center to explore their (1) attitudes and perceived barriers to offering clinical trials to minority and socioeconomically disadvantaged patients, and (2) recommendations for improving the enrollment of minority and socioeconomically disadvantaged patients in cancer clinical trials. Results Of 23 medical oncologists approached, 17 enrolled (74% response rate; mean age = 47; female = 42%; White = 67%). Content analysis revealed several barriers to enrollment: (1) ethical dilemmas; (2) ambivalence about trial risks and benefits; and (3) concern about patient well-being. Concerns about the legitimacy of informed consent, perceived lack of equipoise, and fear of personal bias influenced clinicians’ decisions to recommend trials during treatment discussions. Concerns about creating an imbalance between trial risks and benefits among patients with high-level needs, including patients with literacy, psychiatric, and other socioeconomic vulnerabilities, impacted clinicians’ enthusiasm to engage in trial discussions. Clinicians identified patient, provider, and system-level solutions to address challenges, including increasing patient and clinician support as well as involving external personnel to support trial enrollment. Conclusion Findings reveal multi-level barriers to offering cancer clinical trials to underrepresented patients. Targeted solutions, including system level changes to support clinicians, patient financial support, and implementation of clinical trial navigation programs were recommended to help reduce access barriers and increase enrollment of underrepresented patients into cancer clinical trials.
Comparative Analysis of First-Line FOLFOX Treatment With and Without Anti-VEGF Therapy in Metastatic Colorectal Carcinoma: A Real-World Data Study
Authors: Brenner Ronen , Amar-Farkash Shlomit , Klein-Brill Avital , Rosenberg-Katz Keren , Aran Dvir 
Published: September 2023

Background FOLFOX (leucovorin calcium [folinic acid], fluorouracil, and oxaliplatin) combined with or without anti-VEGF therapy represents one of the primary first-line treatment options for metastatic colorectal carcinoma (mCRC). However, there is limited comparative data on the impact of anti-VEGF therapy on treatment effectiveness, survival outcomes, and tumor location. Methods This retrospective, comparative study utilized data from the AIM Cancer Care Quality Program and commercially insured patients treated at medical oncology clinics in the US. We analyzed 1652 mCRC patients who received FOLFOX, of which 1015 (61.4%) were also treated with anti-VEGF therapy (VEGF cohort). Results Patients in the VEGF cohort exhibited a higher frequency of lung (33% vs 23%; P < .001) and liver metastases (74% vs 62%; P < .001), underwent fewer liver surgeries prior to treatment (1.2% vs 3.6%; P = .002), and had a higher proportion of right-sided tumors (27% vs 18%; P = .001). Adjusted analysis revealed no significant difference in overall survival (OS) between patients treated with and without anti-VEGF (median survival: 25.4 vs 26.0 months; P = .4). FOLFOX-only treated patients experienced higher rates of post-treatment hospitalizations (22% vs 15%; P < .001). Notably, left-sided tumors treated with anti-VEGF showed a trend toward decreased OS (median survival: 26.8 vs 33 months; P = .09). Conclusion Our real-world data analysis suggests that the addition of anti-VEGF to FOLFOX offers limited and short-lived benefits in the context of mCRC and may provide differential survival benefit based on tumor sidedness.