bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A maize epimerase modulates cell wall synthesis and glycosylation during stomatal morphogenesis
Authors: Zhou Yusen , Zhang Tian , Wang Xiaocui , Wu Wenqiang , Xing Jingjing , Li Zuliang , Qiao Xin , Zhang Chunrui , Wang Xiaohang , Wang Guangshun , Li Wenhui , Bai Shenglong , Li Zhi , Suo Yuanzhen , Wang Jiajia , Niu Yanli , Zhang Junli , Lan Chen , Hu Zhubing , Li Baozhu , Zhang Xuebin , Wang Wei , Galbraith David W. , Chen Yuhang , Guo Siyi , Song Chun-Peng 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe unique dumbbell-shape of grass guard cells (GCs) is controlled by their cell walls which enable their rapid responses to the environment. The molecular mechanisms regulating the synthesis and assembly of GC walls are as yet unknown. Here we have identified BZU3, a maize gene encoding UDP-glucose 4-epimerase that regulates the supply of UDP-glucose during GC wall synthesis. The BZU3 mutation leads to significant decreases in cellular UDP-glucose levels. Immunofluorescence intensities reporting levels of cellulose and mixed-linkage glucans are reduced in the GCs, resulting in impaired local wall thickening. BZU3 also catalyzes the epimerization of UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine to UDP-N-acetylglucosamine, and the BZU3 mutation affects N-glycosylation of proteins that may be involved in cell wall synthesis and signaling. Our results suggest that the spatiotemporal modulation of BZU3 plays a dual role in controlling cell wall synthesis and glycosylation via controlling UDP-glucose/N-acetylglucosamine homeostasis during stomatal morphogenesis. These findings provide insights into the mechanisms controlling formation of the unique morphology of grass stomata.
Probing the symmetry breaking of a light–matter system by an ancillary qubit
Authors: Wang Shuai-Peng , Ridolfo Alessandro , Li Tiefu , Savasta Salvatore , Nori Franco , Nakamura Y. , You J. Q. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractHybrid quantum systems in the ultrastrong, and even more in the deep-strong, coupling regimes can exhibit exotic physical phenomena and promise new applications in quantum technologies. In these nonperturbative regimes, a qubit–resonator system has an entangled quantum vacuum with a nonzero average photon number in the resonator, where the photons are virtual and cannot be directly detected. The vacuum field, however, is able to induce the symmetry breaking of a dispersively coupled probe qubit. We experimentally observe the parity symmetry breaking of an ancillary Xmon artificial atom induced by the field of a lumped-element superconducting resonator deep-strongly coupled with a flux qubit. This result opens a way to experimentally explore the novel quantum-vacuum effects emerging in the deep-strong coupling regime.
Polarization conversion in bottom-up grown quasi-1D fibrous red phosphorus flakes
Authors: Sun Zhaojian , Chen Wujia , Zhang Bowen , Gao Lei , Tao Kezheng , Li Qiang , Sun Jia-Lin , Yan Qingfeng 
Published: July 2023

AbstractFibrous red phosphorus (RP) has triggered growing attention as an emerging quasi-one-dimensional (quasi-1D) van der Waals crystal recently. Unfortunately, it is difficult to achieve substrate growth of high-quality fibrous RP flakes due to their inherent quasi-1D structure, which impedes their fundamental property exploration and device integration. Herein, we demonstrate a bottom-up approach for the growth of fibrous RP flakes with (001)-preferred orientation via a chemical vapor transport (CVT) reaction in the P/Sn/I2 system. The formation of fibrous RP flakes can be attributed to the synergistic effect of Sn-mediated P4 partial pressure and the SnI2 capping layer-directed growth. Moreover, we investigate the optical anisotropy of the as-grown flakes, demonstrating their potential application as micro phase retarders in polarization conversion. Our developed bottom-up approach lays the foundation for studying the anisotropy and device integration of fibrous red phosphorus, opening up possibilities for the two-dimensional growth of quasi-1D van der Waals materials.
Short-wave infrared cavity resonances in a single GeSn nanowire
Authors: Kim Youngmin , Assali Simone , Joo Hyo-Jun , Koelling Sebastian , Chen Melvina , Luo Lu , Shi Xuncheng , Burt Daniel , Ikonic Zoran , Nam Donguk , Moutanabbir Oussama 
Published: July 2023

AbstractNanowires are promising platforms for realizing ultra-compact light sources for photonic integrated circuits. In contrast to impressive progress on light confinement and stimulated emission in III-V and II-VI semiconductor nanowires, there has been no experimental demonstration showing the potential to achieve strong cavity effects in a bottom-up grown single group-IV nanowire, which is a prerequisite for realizing silicon-compatible infrared nanolasers. Herein, we address this limitation and present an experimental observation of cavity-enhanced strong photoluminescence from a single Ge/GeSn core/shell nanowire. A sufficiently large Sn content ( ~ 10 at%) in the GeSn shell leads to a direct bandgap gain medium, allowing a strong reduction in material loss upon optical pumping. Efficient optical confinement in a single nanowire enables many round trips of emitted photons between two facets of a nanowire, achieving a narrow width of 3.3 nm. Our demonstration opens new possibilities for ultrasmall on-chip light sources towards realizing photonic-integrated circuits in the underexplored range of short-wave infrared (SWIR).
Systemic risks from climate-related disruptions at ports
Authors: Verschuur Jasper , Koks Elco E. , Hall Jim W. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDisruptions to ports from climate extremes can have systemic impacts on global shipping, trade and supply chains. By combining estimated climatic-related port downtime at 1,320 ports with a global model of transport flows, we pinpoint systemic risks to global maritime transport, trade and supply-chain networks. We estimate a total of US$81 billion of global trade and at least US$122 billion of economic activity being at-risk on average annually.
Organizing memories for generalization in complementary learning systems
Authors: Sun Weinan , Advani Madhu , Spruston Nelson , Saxe Andrew , Fitzgerald James E. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMemorization and generalization are complementary cognitive processes that jointly promote adaptive behavior. For example, animals should memorize safe routes to specific water sources and generalize from these memories to discover environmental features that predict new ones. These functions depend on systems consolidation mechanisms that construct neocortical memory traces from hippocampal precursors, but why systems consolidation only applies to a subset of hippocampal memories is unclear. Here we introduce a new neural network formalization of systems consolidation that reveals an overlooked tension—unregulated neocortical memory transfer can cause overfitting and harm generalization in an unpredictable world. We resolve this tension by postulating that memories only consolidate when it aids generalization. This framework accounts for partial hippocampal–cortical memory transfer and provides a normative principle for reconceptualizing numerous observations in the field. Generalization-optimized systems consolidation thus provides new insight into how adaptive behavior benefits from complementary learning systems specialized for memorization and generalization.
Excitatory nucleo-olivary pathway shapes cerebellar outputs for motor control
Authors: Wang Xiaolu , Liu Zhiqiang , Angelov Milen , Feng Zhao , Li Xiangning , Li Anan , Yang Yan , Gong Hui , Gao Zhenyu 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe brain generates predictive motor commands to control the spatiotemporal precision of high-velocity movements. Yet, how the brain organizes automated internal feedback to coordinate the kinematics of such fast movements is unclear. Here we unveil a unique nucleo-olivary loop in the cerebellum and its involvement in coordinating high-velocity movements. Activating the excitatory nucleo-olivary pathway induces well-timed internal feedback complex spike signals in Purkinje cells to shape cerebellar outputs. Anatomical tracing reveals extensive axonal collaterals from the excitatory nucleo-olivary neurons to downstream motor regions, supporting integration of motor output and internal feedback signals within the cerebellum. This pathway directly drives saccades and head movements with a converging direction, while curtailing their amplitude and velocity via the powerful internal feedback mechanism. Our finding challenges the long-standing dogma that the cerebellum inhibits the inferior olivary pathway and provides a new circuit mechanism for the cerebellar control of high-velocity movements.
The SUMO–NIP45 pathway processes toxic DNA catenanes to prevent mitotic failure
Authors: Hertz Emil P. T. , Vega Ignacio Alonso-de , Kruse Thomas , Wang Yiqing , Hendriks Ivo A. , Bizard Anna H. , Eugui-Anta Ania , Hay Ronald T. , Nielsen Michael L. , Nilsson Jakob , Hickson Ian D. , Mailand Niels 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSUMOylation regulates numerous cellular processes, but what represents the essential functions of this protein modification remains unclear. To address this, we performed genome-scale CRISPR–Cas9-based screens, revealing that the BLM-TOP3A-RMI1-RMI2 (BTRR)-PICH pathway, which resolves ultrafine anaphase DNA bridges (UFBs) arising from catenated DNA structures, and the poorly characterized protein NIP45/NFATC2IP become indispensable for cell proliferation when SUMOylation is inhibited. We demonstrate that NIP45 and SUMOylation orchestrate an interphase pathway for converting DNA catenanes into double-strand breaks (DSBs) that activate the G2 DNA-damage checkpoint, thereby preventing cytokinesis failure and binucleation when BTRR-PICH-dependent UFB resolution is defective. NIP45 mediates this new TOP2-independent DNA catenane resolution process via its SUMO-like domains, promoting SUMOylation of specific factors including the SLX4 multi-nuclease complex, which contributes to catenane conversion into DSBs. Our findings establish that SUMOylation exerts its essential role in cell proliferation by enabling resolution of toxic DNA catenanes via nonepistatic NIP45- and BTRR-PICH-dependent pathways to prevent mitotic failure.
An immunomodulating peptide to counteract solar radiation-induced immunosuppression and DNA damage
Authors: Agrez Michael , Rybchyn Mark Stephen , De Silva Warusavithana Gunawardena Manori , Mason Rebecca Sara , Chandler Christopher , Piva Terrence J. , Thurecht Kristofer , Fletcher Nicholas , Liu Feifei , Subramaniam Gayathri , Howard Christopher B. , Blyth Benjamin , Parker Stephen , Turner Darryl , Rzepecka Justyna , Knox Gavin , Nika Anastasia , Hall Andrew , Gooding Hayley , Gallagher Laura 
Published: July 2023

AbstractUltraviolet radiation (UVR) induces immunosuppression and DNA damage, both of which contribute to the rising global incidence of skin cancer including melanoma. Nucleotide excision repair, which is activated upon UVR-induced DNA damage, is linked to expression of interleukin-12 (IL-12) which serves to limit immunosuppression and augment the DNA repair process. Herein, we report an immunomodulating peptide, designated IK14800, that not only elicits secretion of IL-12, interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) but also reduces DNA damage in the skin following exposure to UVR. Combined with re-invigoration of exhausted CD4+ T cells, inhibition of UVR-induced MMP-1 release and suppression of B16F10 melanoma metastases, IK14800 offers an opportunity to gain further insight into mechanisms underlying the development and progression of skin cancers.
Tensile strength of polyester fiber estimated by molecular-chain extension prior to structure formation
Authors: Tomisawa Ren , Nagata Mutsuya , Otsuka Yumu , Ikaga Toshifumi , Kim KyoungHou , Ohkoshi Yutaka , Okada Kazuyuki , Kanaya Toshiji , Katsuta Hiroo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe combination of laser irradiation heating and synchrotron X-ray sources has made it possible to observe the fiber-structure development that occurs at sub-millisecond timescales after necking during continuous drawing. Through wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) analysis of poly(ethylene terephthalate) fibers of three different molecular weights drawn under equivalent stresses, a good correlation was observed between the d-spacing of smectic (001ʹ) diffraction extrapolated to the necking point and the strength of the drawn fiber. This indicates that the molecular chains that bear the drawing stress also bear most of the applied stress during tensile testing of the resultant fiber. In addition, considering the drawing-stress dependence of the d-spacing and the molecular weight distribution of the fiber revealed that molecular chains with molecular weights over 23,000 g/mol bear the majority of tensile force applied to the fiber.
Posterior Tracheopexy for Tracheomalacia: A Study of Clinical and Radiological Consequences on Esophagus
Authors: Torre Michele , Reali Serena , Rizzo Francesca , Guerriero Vittorio , Palo Federico , Arrigo Serena , Sacco Oliviero , Mattioli Girolamo 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Introduction Posterior tracheopexy (PT) directly addresses the posterior trachealis membrane intrusion in severe tracheomalacia. During PT, the esophagus is mobilized and membranous trachea is sutured to the prevertebral fascia. Although dysphagia has been reported as a possible complication of PT, in the literature there are no data investigating postoperative esophageal anatomy and digestive symptoms. Our aim was to study clinical and radiological consequences of PT on esophagus.
Methods Patients with symptomatic tracheobronchomalacia scheduled for PT between May 2019 and November 2022 underwent pre- and postoperative esophagogram. For each patient, we analyzed radiological images and measured esophageal deviation providing new radiological parameters.
Results All 12 patients underwent thoracoscopic PT (n = 3) or robot-assisted thoracoscopic PT (n = 9). For all patients, the postoperative esophagogram showed a right dislocation of the thoracic esophagus (median postoperative deviation = 27.5 mm). We report an esophageal perforation at postoperative day 7 in a patient affected by esophageal atresia, who underwent several surgical procedures before. A stent was placed and esophagus healed. Another patient with severe right dislocation referred transient dysphagia to solids, which resolved gradually in the first postoperative year. All the other patients did not present any esophageal symptoms.
Conclusion For the first time, we demonstrate the right dislocation of the esophagus after PT and we propose an objective method to measure it. In most patients, PT is a procedure not affecting esophageal function, but dysphagia can occur if dislocation is important. Esophagus mobilization during PT should be cautious, especially in patients who underwent previous thoracic procedures.
Almanacs for children
Authors: Marazzi Elisa 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Almanacs are one of the most characteristic
subgenres of early modern and modern popular print. One of the keys
of their persistence was their ability to evolve over time, which
led, among other things, to the publication of almanacs for
children. The latter, randomly preserved in libraries and archives,
are still largely unexplored by both book historians and scholars of
children’s literature. After a brief introduction on the history of
almanacs, the chapter describes the contents and materiality of
selected examples of almanacs for children from a range of European
countries (Britain, France, Germany, Italy, Netherlands, Spain),
printed between 1750 and 1900. By placing these items in the
sociocultural context in which they were issued, the chapter
attempts to understand the strategies put in place by international
authors and publishers.
“Altering the original fables to suit Chinese
notions”
Authors: Bai Limin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The Yishi yuyan, a Chinese
translation of Aesop’s fables based largely on the collection by Roger L’Estrange
(1616–1704), was published circa 1840 by Robert Thom
(1807–1846), with his Chinese tutor as co-translator. This chapter
examines the sinicization of the Yishi yuan by
investigating how the translators recontextualized a culturally
appropriate context for the integration of various Chinese literary
sources in their narration and reflection of the fables. Following a
discussion of the rendering of L’Estrange’s Aesop into Chinese, the
key elements that facilitated the success of sinicization of the
Yishi yuyan are analysed to illustrate the
sinicization techniques and strategies employed by the translators
in adapting L’Estrange’s Aesopic fables to a Chinese narrative.
Collecting, translating and adapting
Authors: Dettmar Ute 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In the eighteenth century, lively exchanges
across cultural and language areas developed in the realm of
children’s literature, especially in Western Europe. Arnaud
Berquin’s famous children’s magazine L’Ami des
Enfans (The Children’s Friend, 1782–1783), which was frequently
translated, provides a good example, not only due to its history of
translation and reception but also because of its history of
origins. In this chapter, attention is paid to the texts transferred
to it from German sources, especially Joachim Heinrich Campe’s
Kleine Kinderbibliothek (Small Library for
Children, 1778–1784) and Christian Felix Weiße’s journal Der
Kinderfreund (The Children’s Friend, 1775–1782).
Fundamental practices of authorship, adaption, and translation in
the eighteenth century are discussed on the basis of Berquin’s
periodical and his treatment of sources.
Playful reading
Authors: Christensen Nina 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This chapter concerns the transnational character
of children’s literary culture across media and genres in Danish and
German homes around 1830. Furthermore, it addresses the interaction
between reading and playing in and around books. German author Karl
Blumauer’s Der kleine Robert und sein Steckenpferd
(Little Robert and his Hobby
Horse, 1833, Danish translation 1835) is the prism used
to view the interaction between the market for illustrated books in
Denmark and Germany; concepts of childhood and literature presented
in the German and Danish prefaces; the ludic and media culture
represented in texts and images; the traces of use in
specific copies, and literary and ludic practices. The
chapter concludes that, taken together, such combinations of sources
allow a fuller insight into transnational aspects of childhood,
children’s expected and actual use of children’s books, toy and
media, and the book as a commodity that afforded playful as well as
readerly uses.1
Make it Irish!
Authors: O’Sullivan Emer 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Before the British Copyright Act of 1710 was
extended to Ireland in 1801, its book market was dominated by
British works, reprinted by Irish booksellers. Rather than being
mere copies of the original, many of these were hibernicized, or
made Irish. This chapter addresses the transnational phenomenon of
culturally translated books issued in Ireland in the eighteenth
century. It focusses on the Dublin bookseller James Hoey Junior,
especially on his hibernicized version of John Newbery’s 1750
encyclopedia for children, A Museum for Young Gentlemen and
Ladies, and reviews the sociopolitical context in which
it was created. The chapter probes the blend of commercial and
patriotic interests behind Hoey’s hibernicization, and aims to
ascertain the degree to which his own cultural and religious
affiliations are evident in his version for young Irish readers.
German in Hebrew letters
Authors: Glasenapp Gabriele von 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Jewish children’s literature constitutes a
special case of transnational encounter. Focusing on the
German-language area, this chapter discusses the transnational
character of Jewish children’s literature on two levels. The first
is the linguistic level. In contrast to non-Jewish children’s
literature, Jewish children’s literature in Germany has appeared
since the end of the eighteenth century in three forms (Hebrew,
German, and German written in the Hebrew letters). The second level
concerns the multilingualism of the literature and the distribution
and modalities of its reception – both inside and outside
German-language areas. The chapter deals, among others, with texts
by Joachim Heinrich Campe, Moses Mendelssohn, David Samosc, and
Aaron Wolfssohn. It will be shown that it was primarily the
transnational character of children’s literature through which a
cultural transfer between Jewish and non-Jewish children’s
literature began in the last third of the eighteenth century.
However, it will also be shown that this was a highly one-sided
cultural transfer, initiated and driven almost exclusively by the
Jewish side.
The enslaved in late-Enlightenment stories for children
Authors: Paul Lissa 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
On the long road towards the abolition of the
slave trade and enslavement, European and American books for
children, published in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth
centuries, sought to engage their intended young readers in the
debate. In this chapter I counterpoint fictional characterizations
of the enslaved with those in autobiographical accounts and in
newspaper fugitive slave advertisements. The children’s books of the
time depicted the enslaved as objects of pity and in need of
rescuing. That positioned them as ideal subjects for authors
attempting to cultivate empathy and sensibility in their young
readers. Actual enslaved people told a different story, recording
both the brutality and savagery of enslavers and their own sustained
resistance to enslavement.
Fabric with feeling
Authors: Subramaniam Niveditha 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This chapter analyses the triadic relationship between materiality, memory, and affect in the Indian picturebook Mukand and Riaz (2007) by Nina Sabnani. Set against the backdrop of the Partition of India and Pakistan, the book is based on the “fragmented memories” of Sabnani’s father, a child refugee at the time (Sabnani 2007). This chapter examines how the book connects microhistory to macrohistory. Specifically, the chapter looks into the ability of artefacts to embody individual emotions and collective experiences and explores how this ability is translated through the material poetics of the picturebook. The chapter suggests that this work’s layered approach to materiality provokes a fine-grained understanding of human-object relations, contributing to new materialist children’s literature studies.
Weird readings and little machines
Authors: Véliz Soledad 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Reading engagement is presented as an affect that organizes the relationships between children and books. The OECD-PISA reading framework has co-opted engagement as an attentive, involved, and joyful relationship with literature. A reading assemblage is offered to explain how engagement is instrumental to producing readers as bodies with potential for human capital, that is, children. The author uses a literary encounter to propose weird readings as an affect that breaks into the reading assemblage, complicating joy and pleasure, and as the affect that precludes the possibilities of creating relationships with materialities (books) from outside a reading assemblage.
Afterword
Authors: Coats Karen 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This chapter presents the critical and sometimes polemic misgivings a desk-based scholar might have about applying new materialist and posthumanist theories to the study of children’s literature and culture. Reflections on personal stories, a recent school shooting, and two picturebooks raise questions about the optimistic claims made by new materialist and posthumanist researchers that challenging human exceptionalism, blurring binaries such as adult/child and human/nonhuman, and embracing a notion of agentic objects will necessarily lead to more ethical inter- and intra-actions between the human and more-than-human world. This chapter thus encourages scholars to think carefully about the unintended material consequences of a full embrace of new materialist theories.