bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Binary Logistic Regression Modeling of Voice Impairment and Voice Assessment in Iranian Patients with Nonlaryngeal Head-and-Neck Cancers after Chemoradiation Therapy
Authors: Bagherzadeh Sakineh , Shahbazi-Gahrouei Daryoush , Torabinezhad Farhad , Mahdavi Seied Rabi Mehdi , Fadavi Pedram , Salmanian Soraya 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Laryngeal damages after chemoradiation therapy (RT) in nonlaryngeal head-and-neck cancers (HNCs) can cause voice disorders and finally reduce the patient's quality of life (QOL). The aim of this study was to evaluate voice and predict laryngeal damages using statistical binary logistic regression (BLR) models in patients with nonlaryngeal HNCs.

Methods:
This cross-section experimental study was performed on seventy patients (46 males, 24 females) with an average age of 50.43 ± 16.54 years, with nonlaryngeal HNCs and eighty individuals with assumed normal voices. Subjective and objective voice assessment was carried out in three stages including before, at the end, and 6 months after treatment. Eventually, the Enter method of the BLR was used to measure the odds ratio of independent variables.

Results:
In objective evaluation, the acoustic parameters except for F0 increased significantly (P < 0.001) at the end treatment stage and decreased 6 months after treatment. The same trend can be seen in the subjective evaluations, whereas none of the values returned to pretreatment levels. Statistical models of BLR showed that chemotherapy (P < 0.05), mean laryngeal dose (P < 0.05), V50 Gy (P = 0.002), and gender (P = 0.008) had the greatest effect on incidence laryngeal damages. The model based on acoustic analysis had the highest percentage accuracy of 84.3%, sensitivity of 87.2%, and the area under the curve of 0.927.

Conclusions:
Voice evaluation and the use of BLR models to determine important factors were the optimum methods to reduce laryngeal damages and maintain the patient's QOL.
Design of Wearable Electrolarynx with Automatic Control
Authors: Madhushankara M. , Bhat Somashekara , Prasad Keerthana 
Published: March 2023

Objective:The current work aims to design and develop an automatically controlled wearable electrolarynx, a voice substitution device for laryngeal carcinoma survivals.Methods:The physical activity of mouth opening is sensed, amplified, and made to act as an enable signal to trigger the wearable electrolarynx. The resulting speech is recorded and compared for its voice reaction durations with that of manual electrolarynx and normal speaking methods. Perception evaluations of 5 subjects from 10 speech-language therapists are obtained.Results:The wearable electrolarynx turn-on in 13 μs once the mouth movement for speech is sensed. The voice initiation time and termination durations are 215.68 m and 231.41 ms, respectively. Results indicate that there is no significant difference (P< 0.05) between the voice reaction durations of wearable electrolarynx and normal speaking methods. The subjective evaluation results show that there is a significant improvement (P< 0.05) in intelligibility and noise reduction when compared to a commercially available electrolarynx with an average intra-class correlation coefficient of 0.68 from analysis of variance two factors without replication.Conclusions:The assessment of the wearable and automatically controlled electrolarynx provides hands-free speech and easy control over the device.
Neural Network Performance Evaluation of Simulated and Genuine Head-and-Neck Computed Tomography Images to Reduce Metal Artifacts
Authors: Khaleghi Goli , Hosntalab Mohammad , Sadeghi Mahdi , Reiazi Reza , Mahdavi Seied Rabi 
Published: March 2023

Background:
This study evaluated the performances of neural networks in terms of denoizing metal artifacts in computed tomography (CT) images to improve diagnosis based on the CT images of patients.

Methods:
First, head-and-neck phantoms were simulated (with and without dental implants), and CT images of the phantoms were captured. Six types of neural networks were evaluated for their abilities to reduce the number of metal artifacts. In addition, 40 CT patients' images with head-and-neck cancer (with and without teeth artifacts) were captured, and mouth slides were segmented. Finally, simulated noisy and noise-free patient images were generated to provide more input numbers (for training and validating the generative adversarial neural network [GAN]).

Results:
Results showed that the proposed GAN network was successful in denoizing artifacts caused by dental implants, whereas more than 84% improvement was achieved for images with two dental implants after metal artifact reduction (MAR) in patient images.

Conclusion:
The quality of images was affected by the positions and numbers of dental implants. The image quality metrics of all GANs were improved following MAR comparison with other networks.
An Efficient Method for Classification of Alcoholic and Normal Electroencephalogram Signals Based on Selection of an Appropriate Feature
Authors: Dorvashi Maryam , Behzadfar Neda , Shahgholian Ghazanfar 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Alcohol addiction contributes to disorders in brain's normal patterns. Analysis of electroencephalogram (EEG) signal helps to diagnose and classify alcoholic and normal EEG signal.

Methods:
One-second EEG signal was applied to classify alcoholic and normal EEG signal. To determine discriminative feature and EEG channel between the alcoholic and normal EEG signal, different frequency and non-frequency features of EEG signal, including power of EEG signal, permutation entropy (PE), approximate entropy (ApEn), katz fractal dimension (katz FD) and Petrosion fractal dimension (Petrosion FD) were extracted from alcoholic and normal EEG signal. Statistical analysis and Davis-Bouldin criterion (DB) were utilized to specify and select most discriminative feature and EEG channel between the alcoholic and normal EEG signal.

Results:
Results of statistical analysis and DB criterion showed that the Katz FD in FP2 channel showed the best discrimination between the alcoholic and normal EEG signal. The Katz FD in FP2 channel showed the accuracies of 98.77% and 98.5% by two classifiers with 10-fold cross validation.

Conclusion:
This method helps to diagnose alcoholic and normal EEG signal with the minimum number of feature and channel, which provides low computational complexity. This is helpful to faster and more accurate classification of normal and alcoholic subjects.
Awareness of Personal Protective Equipment Among Frontline Postgraduate Medical Residents who Provide Care to Patients with Coronavirus Disease-2019
Authors: Kuttarmare Shital Mahendra , Kshirsagar Sujit Jagannath , Bhalerao Pradnya Milind 
Published: March 2023

Background:
To combat the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, which affected the entire world, health-care workers (HCWs) were required to wear personal protective equipment (PPE). PPE offers protection by preventing microorganisms from contaminating hands, eyes, clothing, hair, and shoes. It is mandatory to know about the proper usage of PPE.

Objective:
The objective of this study was to evaluate the awareness of PPE and its effects on frontline health-care professionals who provide care to patients with COVID-19.

Subjects and Methods:
This noninterventional cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted in 108 postgraduate (PG) medical residents who have been treated and provided care for COVID-19 in a tertiary care hospital. The Google questionnaire consisted of 25 questions prevalidated through the literature, senior faculty in the department, and ethics.

Results:
About 87.03% of the 108 PGs were trained in the donning and doffing protocols, whereas 92.59% were aware of the steps. About 62.96% did not follow the two-person protocol for doffing. About 83.33% were aware of the decontamination protocol of PPE. About 64.81% had difficulty intubating and 62.96% had headaches after using PPE.

Conclusions:
HCWs in a tertiary care center are aware of PPE use and protocols therein. Even though they were adequately trained about protocols, reluctance, and technical difficulties in following them still exist, which can be solved by adequate and repeated training. The problems faced with the use of PPE have appropriate solutions.
Prognostic Value of Resting Heart Rate and Heart Rate Recovery in Acute Decompensated Heart Failure
Authors: Malik Mohammad Azharuddin , Bansal Raghav , Seth Sandeep , Parakh Neeraj , Roy Ambuj , Bahl Vinay Kumar 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) remains a problem of public health concern. Better prognostication is needed to predict outcomes in these patients. Resting heart rate (HR) and HR recovery (HRR) have been proposed as prognostic markers for future events.

Materials and Methods:
Twenty-five patients admitted for ADHF were enrolled. Baseline demographic data and routine investigations were noted for all. After medical stabilization, before discharge, a 6-min walk test (6-MWT) was performed for all patients. Resting HR at the start, maximum HR achieved, chronotropic reserve, and hearing rate recovery was observed 1 min after completing the exercise. All patients were followed for the appearance of a primary composite outcome consisting of death, heart transplant, or hospitalization for HF.

Results:
Primary composite outcome occurred in 6 (24%) patients, including 3 (12%) deaths and 3 (12%) HF hospitalizations. The patients who had the primary outcome had a trend toward a shorter distance of walking of 6 min (154.33 ± 51.84 vs. 210.53 ± 78.62, P = 0.16). Resting HR was significantly higher among patients with primary outcome (113.00 ± 17.74 vs. 89.58 ± 16.25, P ≤ 0.01). HRR and chronotropic reserve were significantly lower in patients with primary outcome (7.33 ± 1.75 vs. 17.42 ± 9.47, P < 0.01 and 15.00 ± 11.93 vs. 34.94 ± 19.81, P = 0.02; respectively). A resting HR of 109/min, HRR of 9/min, and chronotropic reserve of 20/min had sensitivity/specificity for predicting the primary outcome of 83.33%/89.47%, 84.21%/83.33%, and 84.21% a/as 83.33%, respectively.

Conclusions:
Elevated resting HR, decreased HR reserve, and decreased chronotropic reserve are associated with hospital readmissions and decreased event-free survival in patients with ADHF. Resting HR is especially helpful in this regard given the simplicity and ease of its assessment.
Prognostic significance of poison-related factors and consumption patterns in acute aluminum phosphide poisoning
Authors: Anbalagan Lokhesh Chockalingam , Pannu Ashok Kumar , Bhalla Ashish , Dhibar Deba Prasad , Sharma Navneet 
Published: March 2023

OBJECTIVES:
The prognosis of acute aluminum phosphide poisoning is usually based on toxidrome features, with little focus on poison-related factors. We aimed to study the prognostic significance of poison-related factors, consumption patterns, and time delays to treatment.

METHODS:
We performed a prospective cohort study in an academic hospital in North India in patients aged ≥ 13 with aluminum phosphide poisoning from July 2019 to December 2020. During data collection, a particular emphasis was made on the poison formulation, the ingested dose, the reconstitution of poison, vomiting, and time intervals to initiate various treatments. The primary outcome was inhospital mortality.

RESULTS:
Fifty-eight patients were enrolled (median age, 32 years; 37 males). The mean dose of the ingested poison was 6.56 (±5.42) g. The predominant formulation of poison was pellet (n = 41), followed by powder (n = 16). Twenty patients performed reconstitution of poison before consumption, and 13 stirred the poison while reconstituting. All patients but three developed vomiting after consumption. Inhospital mortality (n = 23, 39%) was significantly high with a higher ingested dose (P < 0.001), nonstirred reconstitution before consumption (P = 0.042), fewer vomiting episodes (P = 0.010), a delay in detection of the victim by someone (P = 0.001), and delayed initiation of intravenous fluids (P = 0.043). The secondary outcomes (shock and requirement of vasopressor or ventilation) remained unaffected by the stirring in the reconstitution group.

CONCLUSIONS:
Poison-related factors and time intervals determine early risk stratification at admission in aluminum phosphide poisoning.
Evaluation of endotracheal intubations in the emergency department of a tertiary care facility
Authors: Yildirim Mustafa Koray , Göksu Erkan , El Warea Mohamad 
Published: March 2023

OBJECTIVE:
In this study, we aimed to evaluate the performance of emergency department intubations for 1 year.

METHODS:
This was a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data. The collected variables were patient demographics, indication for intubation, preintubation hemodynamics, preoxygenation methods, medications used for premedication, induction and paralysis, type of laryngoscope used, Cormack-Lehane (C-L) grades, number of intubation attempts, and peri-intubation adverse events.

RESULTS:
A total of 194 patients were included. The median age of the population was 66.5 years (53.75–79); 61.9% of the patients were male. The majority of the patients were intubated due to medical conditions. The main indication for endotracheal intubation was respiratory failure in 38.6% of the patients. Preoxygenation before intubation was performed in 87.2% of the patients. Fifty-eight percent of the population were hemodynamically stable before the intubation. Fentanyl was the agent used for premedication, induction agents of choice were ketamine and midazolam, and rocuronium was the neuromuscular blocking agent. The C-L grades 1 and 2 were detected in 87.6% of the patients. The first-pass success rate was 72.8%. The peri-intubation adverse events were mainly hypotension and desaturation observed in 82 (42%) patients. The patients with higher C-L grades needed more intubation attempts (P < 0.001). Peri-intubation adverse events were associated with the increased number of intubation attempts (P < 0.001).

CONCLUSION:
This and similar studies or an airway registry on a national level may help improve the quality of service given and delineate the deficiencies of the airway-related procedures in the emergency department.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PHYSICAL FITNESS AND ACADEMIC LEARNING GRADES FOR SPORT SCHOOL STUDENT-ATHLETE: A CASE STUDY
Authors: Rattanakoses Watnawat , Pantawisit Jaroonsak , Ketkan Pravet , Geok Sohkim , Mohseen Hayder S. 
Published: March 2023

This study is to determine the relationship between physical fitness and academic learning grades for sports school students in athletics. The samples are students athlete from sport schools in Thailand (n=540). The survey collected data using the questionnaire method. The findings of the survey show that there is a relationship between physical fitness and academic learning grades for sport school students. The academic learning grade is in three levels of grade (GPA) which are; &lt;20, 50, and 75&gt; (percentile). The results show that there is a positive relationship between physical fitness and academic learning grades for sports school students-Athlete. The findings justify three levels of correlations. Level one is the student group with the smallest GPA (&lt;25, percentile sport experience, and non-sickness student =20.4 %), level two is the student group of a middle GPA (&lt;50&gt; percentile are high physical fitness and good grade as well = 37.1%), and level three is a student group of high GPA (&gt;75, percentile, with very good standing of academic learning =78.4%). The research concludes that sports school students-athlete gained GPA based on personal health, high physical fitness and sports skills.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0524/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>
SPORTS AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITIES ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE AND OVERALL PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT: A LONGITUDINAL CASE STUDY / 運動與體育活動對於學業表現及全人發展的關聯：一個個案的長期研究
Authors: Shantikumar Meetei Ngangbam 
Published: March 2023

<p>Many researchers and scholars have done research and published theses, dissertations, scholarly papers and articles on the benefits and positive impacts of physical activities (exercise, sports, sports participations, and other related physical activities) on students’ academic performance as well as overall personal development. In fact, these PA (physical activities) can be considered as the backbones of the lives of students. However, most of these studies have been done mostly in a quantitative approach, synchronically, which makes it difficult to find out what changes these physical activities can bring to the lives of students in the long run. The present study is a qualitative, longitudinal and descriptive individual case study, which investigated the benefits and positive impacts of sports and physical activities on a single male student’s academic performance and his overall personal development during his 9 and half years of compulsory education in Taiwan region. For authenticity, reliability and validity, the research data were collected using a triangulation data collection approach - observation, documentation, and face-to-face interviews over a period of nine and half years of compulsory education in Taiwan. Results: First, there was a strong link between the case study subject’s involvement level and frequency in sports and physical activity and his academic performance. Second, higher intensity and higher frequency yielded better academic results. Third, a slight declining tendency was found in both physical activity and academic performance over the course of the study. Fourth, doing sports and physical activities regularly not only helped the case study subject to be active, energetic and healthy but also helped him to outperform academically those physically inactive students. Fifth, the case study subject improved physically and academically and became more disciplined, self-confident and responsible. </p><p>許多研究人員和學者們曾經對於體育相關活動（包括訓練，運動，運動競技，及其它有關的體育活動）之於學生的學業成績與個人的全面發展所帶來的益處和積極影響分別進行了研究，並發表了報告，論文及專業論文。事實上，這些體育活動（PA, physical activities）就像是學生生活中的脊樑骨。然而，這些研究大多是截取特定時間的量化研究，難以發現體育活動(PA)對於學生生活所帶來的延續的(for a long run)變化。本研究採用的是質的、長時期的，以個案為研究對象的描述性研究。研究一名來自台灣地區男學生於9 年半的義務教育期間，他的運動競技與體育活動對其學業成績和個人的整體發展所產生的益處與積極影響。為了取得真實、可靠和有效性，本研究所蒐集到的資料則採用三角交叉法分析，對於個案接受九年半的義務教育期間進行觀察、檔案分析和面對面訪談。研究結果發現：第一，研究對象的運動競技及體育活動的涉入程度和頻率與其學業成績之間曾有強烈的關聯。第二，較強度的和高頻率的運動及體育活動能產生更好的學業成績。第三，在研究過程中，體育活動和學業成績兩者都有輕微下降的趨勢。第四，從事規律的運動競技和體育活動，不僅有助於個案保持活躍、精力充沛和健康，他的學業成績也超越那些不愛運動的學生。第五，個案在身體和學業上得到提升，同時也變得更加自律、自信和負責任。</p><p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/soc/0023/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>
EXAMINING THE ISSUES BETWEEN TURKEY AND GREECE BY CONSIDERING SUGGESTIONS FROM CITIZENS OF BOTH COUNTRIES THROUGH COMMUNICATION
Authors: Oral Uğur 
Published: March 2023

Although the Turkish and Greek peoples have lived together for many years, they have also had to live and share problematic periods as a result of the policies of their governments. The two peoples have fought wars in the past, but have always come to each other's aid in difficult times. Due to unresolved problems and harsh rhetoric from politicians, two geographically very close neighbors had sometimes drifted apart. In the survey conducted simultaneously in Turkey and Greece, the two communities explained in detail the issues on which they agree or disagree in Turkish-Greek relations and their suggestions for solutions to existing problems. The results of this research, which reveals the perspectives of the peoples of the two neighboring countries on Turkish-Greek relations with a scientific approach and an objective point of view, will present a different vision to both societies and the governments of both countries.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/soc/0028/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>
HARNESSING SOCIAL CAPITAL THROUGH SPORT - EXPLORING THE ROLE OF FOOTBALL IN THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC INTEGRATION OF AFRICAN MIGRANTS IN SWEDEN
Authors: Ankunda Comfort , Menge Robert , Buzaare Lambert 
Published: March 2023

Integration ought to be a two-way process, requiring adjustments from both migrants and native residents. However, more adaptation is often required of and indeed achieved by the migrants than host communities. Fortunately, participation avenues such as sports offer opportunities for these migrants to interact with and learn from host communities. This study, therefore, explored how African migrants utilize football to create social relations and develop the social capital necessary for their integration in Gothenburg, Sweden. The study employed a qualitative methodology, specifically semi-structured in-depth interviews conducted digitally. Ten adult African migrants living in Gothenburg were interviewed and data was analyzed thematically. The Social capital theory and the Conceptual framework for understanding migrant integration formed the theoretical and analytical framework. Football was revealed as a powerful tool for socio-economic integration, especially since it facilitated migrants’ building of reliable social connections in their host communities.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0205/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>
ESTÁGIO SUPERVISIONADO EM COMPUTAÇÃO: TECNOLOGIA, ENSINO E APRENDIZAGEM EM TEMPOS DE COVID – 19
Authors: Grana Nogueira Valéria , De Oliveira Barbosa Luiz Sérgio 
Published: March 2023

Uma das principais etapas na formação do acadêmico em um determinado curso de licenciatura é, sem dúvida, o período do estágio supervisionado. Este trabalho tem como objetivo discorrer sobre os desafios vivenciados no estágio do Curso de Licenciatura em computação em tempos de pandemia provocada pelo Coronavírus, destacando as soluções encontradas com apoio na tecnologia para a melhoria do ensino e aprendizagem em turmas de ensino médio integrado ao técnico, no Instituto Federal do Amazonas/Campus Itacoatiara, Brasil. A metodologia centra-se numa abordagem qualitativa, com interpretação analítico-descritiva, tendo como instrumentos de coleta de dados o caderno de campo, a observação, a coparticipação e regência mediada pelo smartphone, dentro dos grupos de WhatsApp, e reuniões na plataforma Google Meet. Esses espaços virtuais e suas interações serviram como base para análise do material aqui apresentado. Os participantes eram compostos por uma estagiária, 3 professores, e as turmas do 1º, 2º e 3º ano do ensino médio das disciplinas artes, projeto integrador I (algoritmo e lógica) e empreendedorismo, respectivamente. Os resultados desta pesquisa demonstram que o estágio supervisionado em computação proporcionou, a partir de suas observações, momentos de interação e um contato mais íntimo e recíproco com alunos e educadores já atuantes e com experiência na área do ensino e aprendizagem, a inovação dos métodos de ensino de professores e estudantes com apoio da tecnologia e muita resiliência ao propiciarem momentos de aprendizagem, mesmo em tempos de grandes limitações provocadas pela pandemia.