bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Umbilical cord blood exosomes from very preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia aggravate lung injury in mice
Authors: Zhong Xin-qi , Hao Tao-fang , Zhu Qi-jiong , Zheng Jing , Zheng Mao-fei , Li Xiu-hong , Luo Li-hua , Xia Chang-shun , Fan Yu-wei , Gu Jian , Liu Tao , Chen Dun-jin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is characterized by abnormal development of the blood vessels and alveoli in lungs, which largely occurs in premature infants. Exosomes (EXO) from very preterm infants (VPI) with BPD (BPD-EXO) impair angiogenic activities of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) via EXO-miRNAs cargo. This study aimed to determine whether and how BPD-EXO affect the development of BPD in a mouse model. We showed that treating BPD mice with BPD-EXO chronically and irreversibly aggravated lung injury. BPD-EXO up-regulated 139 and down-regulated 735 genes in the mouse lung tissue. These differentially expressed genes were enriched to the MAPK pathway (e.g., Fgf9 and Cacna2d3), which is critical to angiogenesis and vascular remodeling. BPD-EXO suppressed expression of Fgf9 and Cacna2d3 in HUVECs and inhibited migration, tube formation, and increased cell apoptosis in HUVECs. These data demonstrate that BPD-EXO aggravate lung injury in BPD mice and impair lung angiogenesis, plausibly leading to adverse outcomes of VPI with BPD. These data also suggest that BPD-EXO could serve as promising targets for predicting and treating BPD.
Phytochemical profile and biological activities of the essential oils in the aerial part and root of Saposhnikovia divaricata
Authors: Li Bing , Yang Zhenmin , Mao Fuying , Wang Qian , Fang Huiyong , Gu Xian , Zheng Kaiyan , Zheng Yuguang , Zhao Yunsheng , Jiang Jianming 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe dried root of Saposhnikovia divaricata (Turcz.) Schischk. is popular as a good medicinal material, however the abundant aerial part is often discarded, which caused the waste of resources. In order to exploit resources, the essential oils of the plant aerial part and root were extracted, separately called as VOA and VOR, their chemicals were identified. The tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, nitric oxide and interleukin-1β were detected to evaluate the oils anti-inflammatory activities. Then, the oils free radical scavenging rates were measured with DPPH, ABTS and hydroxyl free radical. The oils antitumor activities were evaluated with HeLa and HCT-8 cancer cell lines. The results showed the concentrations of VOA and VOR were separately 0.261% and 0.475%. Seventeen components of VOA were identified, accounting for 80.48% of VOA, including phytol, spathulenol, phytone, 4(15),5,10(14)-Germacratrien-1-ol, neophytadiene, etc. Seven components of VOR were determined, representing 90.73% of VOR, consisted of panaxynol, β-bisabolene, etc. VOA and VOR significantly inhibited the secretion of nitric oxide, interleukin-1β, interleukin‐6 and tumor necrosis factor-α, effectively scavenged the DPPH, ABTS and hydroxyl free radicals, and showed significant antiproliferative activity against HeLa and HCT-8. The two oils presented important biological activity, which provided a hopeful utilized basis, and helped to reduce the waste of the aerial non-medicinal resources of S. divaricata.
Myosin and $$\upalpha$$-actinin regulation of stress fiber contractility under tensile stress
Authors: Ni Haoran , Ni Qin , Papoian Garegin A. , Trache Andreea , Jiang Yi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractStress fibers are actomyosin bundles that regulate cellular mechanosensation and force transduction. Interacting with the extracellular matrix through focal adhesion complexes, stress fibers are highly dynamic structures regulated by myosin motors and crosslinking proteins. Under external mechanical stimuli such as tensile forces, the stress fiber remodels its architecture to adapt to external cues, displaying properties of viscoelastic materials. How the structural remodeling of stress fibers is related to the generation of contractile force is not well understood. In this work, we simulate mechanochemical dynamics and force generation of stress fibers using the molecular simulation platform MEDYAN. We model stress fiber as two connecting bipolar bundles attached at the ends to focal adhesion complexes. The simulated stress fibers generate contractile force that is regulated by myosin motors and $$\alpha$$
α
-actinin crosslinkers. We find that stress fibers enhance contractility by reducing the distance between actin filaments to increase crosslinker binding, and this structural remodeling ability depends on the crosslinker turnover rate. Under tensile pulling force, the stress fiber shows an instantaneous increase of the contractile forces followed by a slow relaxation into a new steady state. While the new steady state contractility after pulling depends only on the overlap between actin bundles, the short-term contractility enhancement is sensitive to the tensile pulling distance. We further show that this mechanical response is also sensitive to the crosslinker turnover rate. Our results provide new insights into the stress fiber mechanics that have significant implications for understanding cellular adaptation to mechanical signaling.
The brain regulatory program predates central nervous system evolution
Authors: Faltine-Gonzalez Dylan , Havrilak Jamie , Layden Michael J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractUnderstanding how brains evolved is critical to determine the origin(s) of centralized nervous systems. Brains are patterned along their anteroposterior axis by stripes of gene expression that appear to be conserved, suggesting brains are homologous. However, the striped expression is also part of the deeply conserved anteroposterior axial program. An emerging hypothesis is that similarities in brain patterning are convergent, arising through the repeated co-option of axial programs. To resolve whether shared brain neuronal programs likely reflect convergence or homology, we investigated the evolution of axial programs in neurogenesis. We show that the bilaterian anteroposterior program patterns the nerve net of the cnidarian Nematostella along the oral-aboral axis arguing that anteroposterior programs regionalized developing nervous systems in the cnidarian–bilaterian common ancestor prior to the emergence of brains. This finding rejects shared patterning as sufficient evidence to support brain homology and provides functional support for the plausibility that axial programs could be co-opted if nervous systems centralized in multiple lineages.
Machine learning based estimation of dynamic balance and gait adaptability in persons with neurological diseases using inertial sensors
Authors: Liuzzi Piergiuseppe , Carpinella Ilaria , Anastasi Denise , Gervasoni Elisa , Lencioni Tiziana , Bertoni Rita , Carrozza Maria Chiara , Cattaneo Davide , Ferrarin Maurizio , Mannini Andrea 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPoor dynamic balance and impaired gait adaptation to different contexts are hallmarks of people with neurological disorders (PwND), leading to difficulties in daily life and increased fall risk. Frequent assessment of dynamic balance and gait adaptability is therefore essential for monitoring the evolution of these impairments and/or the long-term effects of rehabilitation. The modified dynamic gait index (mDGI) is a validated clinical test specifically devoted to evaluating gait facets in clinical settings under a physiotherapist’s supervision. The need of a clinical environment, consequently, limits the number of assessments. Wearable sensors are increasingly used to measure balance and locomotion in real-world contexts and may permit an increase in monitoring frequency. This study aims to provide a preliminary test of this opportunity by using nested cross-validated machine learning regressors to predict the mDGI scores of 95 PwND via inertial signals collected from short steady-state walking bouts derived from the 6-minute walk test. Four different models were compared, one for each pathology (multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease, and stroke) and one for the pooled multipathological cohort. Model explanations were computed on the best-performing solution; the model trained on the multipathological cohort yielded a median (interquartile range) absolute test error of 3.58 (5.38) points. In total, 76% of the predictions were within the mDGI’s minimal detectable change of 5 points. These results confirm that steady-state walking measurements provide information about dynamic balance and gait adaptability and can help clinicians identify important features to improve upon during rehabilitation. Future developments will include training of the method using short steady-state walking bouts in real-world settings, analysing the feasibility of this solution to intensify performance monitoring, providing prompt detection of worsening/improvements, and complementing clinical assessments.
Impacts of inter-annual climate variability on reproductive phenology and postnatal development of morphological features of three sympatric bat species
Authors: Eghbali Hojjat , Sharifi Mozafar 
Published: May 2023

AbstractInter-annual variation in weather conditions has been shown to affect the reproductive phenological patterns of many organisms. Because of their relatively small body size and dependence on ectothermic prey, temperate-zone insectivorous bats are particularly sensitive to adverse spring environmental conditions that affect the duration of gestation and timing of parturition in these animals. This study aimed to compare phenological recruitment, birth seasonality and synchrony and morphological changes during postnatal growth in Rhinolophuseuryale, Rhinolophusferrumequinum and Myotisemarginatus in two consecutive years representing a typical dry (2015) and an extremely wet climatic event (2016) in a nursing colony in Kerend cave, western Iran. Females of these three bat species arrived from their wintering cave to the nursing colony in late April to mid-May each year. Synchrony of parturition as defined by amount clustering of births within a year assessed by circular statistics showed that for R. euryale and R. ferrumequinum the angular variance in dry year were significantly (P < 0.05) lower than in wet year, indicating a low level of synchrony in 2016. Similar comparison showed that births from M. emarginatus were highly synchrony, and there were no significant differences in timing of births among years (P > 0.05). Generalized estimating equation (GEE) for R. euryale indicated that for body mass and forearm length tests of parallelism (interaction term or growth rate) and tests for equal intercepts (y-intercepts or group term) were significant (P < 0.001). In R. ferrumequinum, the initial (y-intercepts) forearm length and body mass were not significantly (P > 0.05) different between the 2 years, but the tests for parallelism showed a significant decrease in growth rates of body mass and forearm length in the wet year (P < 0.05). Similar comparison in M. emarginatus indicated that for body mass, tests of parallelism were significantly different (P = 0.004), while tests for equal intercepts were not (P = 0.23). Our results suggest that climate changes may have unequal effects on different bat species due to differences in foraging habitat, niche partitioning, reproductive requirements and foraging strategies.
Observational study of the heterogeneous global meteotsunami generated after the Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha’apai Volcano eruption
Authors: Villalonga Joan , Amores Àngel , Monserrat Sebastià , Marcos Marta , Gomis Damià , Jordà Gabriel 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe Hunga Tonga–Hunga Ha’apai volcano eruption of January 15th 2022 generated a global atmospheric and oceanic response that was recorded by an unprecedented amount of sensors. The eruption caused an atmospheric perturbation that travelled as a Lamb wave surrounding the Earth at least 3 times, and was recorded by hundreds of barographs worldwide. The atmospheric wave showed complex patterns of amplitude and spectral energy content, although most of the energy was concentrated in the band (2–120 min). Simultaneously to each passage of the atmospheric wave and after, significant Sea Level Oscillations (SLOs) in the tsunami frequency band were recorded by tide gauges located all around the globe, in what it can be referred to as a global meteotsunami. The amplitude and dominant frequency of the recorded SLOs showed a high spatial heterogeneity. Our point is that the geometry of continental shelves and harbours acted as tuners for the surface waves generated by the atmospheric disturbance at open sea, amplifying the signal at the eigenmodes of each shelf and harbour.
VEGF overexpressed mesoangioblasts enhance urethral and vaginal recovery following simulated vaginal birth in rats
Authors: Mori da Cunha Marina G. M. C. , van der Veer Bernard K. , Giacomazzi Giorgia , Mackova Katerina , Cattani Laura , Koh Kian Peng , Vande Velde Greetje , Gijsbers Rik , Albersen Maarten , Sampaolesi Maurilio , Deprest Jan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractVaginal birth causes pelvic floor injury which may lead to urinary incontinence. Cell therapy has been proposed to assist in functional recovery. We aim to assess if intra-arterial injection of rat mesoangioblasts (MABs) and stable Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF)-expressing MABs, improve recovery of urethral and vaginal function following simulated vaginal delivery (SVD). Female rats (n = 86) were assigned to either injection of saline (control), allogeneic-MABs (MABsallo), autologous-MABs (MABsauto) or allogeneic-MABs transduced to stably expressed VEGF (MABsallo-VEGF). One hour after SVD, 0.5 × 106 MABs or saline were injected into the aorta. Primary outcome was urethral (7d and 14d) and vaginal (14d) function; others were bioluminescent imaging for cell tracking (1, 3 and 7d), morphometry (7, 14 and 60d) and mRNAseq (3 and 7d). All MABs injected rats had external urethral sphincter and vaginal function recovery within 14d, as compared to only half of saline controls. Functional recovery was paralleled by improved muscle regeneration and microvascularization. Recovery rate was not different between MABsallo and MABsauto. MABsallo-VEGF accelerated functional recovery and increased GAP-43 expression at 7d. At 3d we detected major transcriptional changes in the urethra of both MABsallo and MABsallo-VEGF-injected animals, with upregulation of Rho/GTPase activity, epigenetic factors and dendrite development. MABSallo also upregulated transcripts that encode proteins involved in myogenesis and downregulated pro-inflammatory processes. MABsallo-VEGF also upregulated transcripts that encode proteins involved in neuron development and downregulated genes involved in hypoxia and oxidative stress. At 7d, urethras of MABsallo-VEGF-injected rats showed downregulation of oxidative and inflammatory response compared to MABSallo. Intra-arterial injection of MABsallo-VEGF enhances neuromuscular regeneration induced by untransduced MABs and accelerates the functional urethral and vaginal recovery after SVD.
Seabird’s cry: repertoire and vocal expression of contextual valence in the little auk (Alle alle)
Authors: Osiecka Anna N. , Briefer Elodie F. , Kidawa Dorota , Wojczulanis-Jakubas Katarzyna 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMany seabird species breed in colonies counting up to hundreds of thousands of individuals. Life in such crowded colonies might require special coding–decoding systems to reliably convey information through acoustic cues. This can include, for example, developing complex vocal repertoires and adjusting the properties of their vocal signals to communicate behavioural contexts, and thus regulate social interactions with their conspecifics. We studied vocalisations produced by the little auk (Alle alle)—a highly vocal, colonial seabird—over mating and incubation periods on the SW coast of Svalbard. Using passive acoustic recordings registered in a breeding colony, we extracted eight vocalisation types: single call, clucking, classic call, low trill, short call, short-trill, terror, and handling vocalisation. Calls were grouped by production context (based on the typically associated behaviour), to which a valence (positive vs negative) was later attributed, when possible, according to fitness threats, i.e. predator or human presence (negative) and promoters, i.e. interaction with a partner (positive). The effect of the putative valence on eight selected frequency and duration variables was then investigated. The putative contextual valence significantly affected the acoustic properties of the calls. Calls assigned positive valence had higher fundamental frequency and spectral centre of gravity as well as shorter sound duration than these assigned negative valence. These results indicate that the little auk’s vocal communication system may facilitate expression of complex behavioural contexts, and seems to include vocal plasticity within vocalisation types—however, more data are necessary to better understand this effect and possible interplays of other factors.
Proposing magnetoimpedance effect for neuromorphic computing
Authors: Jamilpanah Loghman , Chiolerio Alessandro , Crepaldi Marco , Adamatzky Andrew , Mohseni Majid 
Published: May 2023

AbstractOscillation of physical parameters in materials can result in a peak signal in the frequency spectrum of the voltage measured from the materials. This spectrum and its amplitude/frequency tunability, through the application of bias voltage or current, can be used to perform neuron-like cognitive tasks. Magnetic materials, after achieving broad distribution for data storage applications in classical Von Neumann computer architectures, are under intense investigation for their neuromorphic computing capabilities. A recent successful demonstration regards magnetisation oscillation in magnetic thin films by spin transfer or spin orbit torques accompanied by magnetoresistance (MR) effect that can give a voltage peak in the frequency spectrum of voltage with bias current dependence of both peak frequency and amplitude. Here we use classical magnetoimpedance (MI) effect in a magnetic wire to produce such a peak and manipulate its frequency and amplitude by means of the bias voltage. We applied a noise signal to a magnetic wire with high magnetic permeability and owing to the frequency dependence of the magnetic permeability we got frequency dependent impedance with a peak at the maximum permeability. Frequency dependence of the MI effect results in different changes in the voltage amplitude at each frequency when a bias voltage is applied and therefore a shift in the peak position and amplitude can be obtained. The presented method and material provide optimal features in structural simplicity, low-frequency operation (tens of MHz-order) and high robustness at different environmental conditions. Our universal approach can be applied to any system with frequency dependent bias responses.
Control chart for half normal and half exponential power distributed process
Authors: Naveed Muhammad , Azam Muhammad , Khan Nasrullah , Aslam Muhammad , Saleem Muhammad , Saeed Muhammad 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this manuscript, we construct an attribute control chart (ACC) for the number of defective items using time-truncated life tests (TTLT) when the lifetime of a manufacturing item follows two lifetime data distributions: the half-normal distribution (HND) and the half-exponential power distribution (HEPD). To assess the potential of the proposed charts, necessary derivations are made to obtain the value of the average run length (ARL) when the production process is in-control and out-of-control. The performance of the presented charts is evaluated for different sample sizes, control coefficients, and truncated constants for shifted phases in terms of ARL. The behavior of ARLs is studied for the shifted process by introducing shifts in its parameters. The advantages of the proposed HEPD-based chart are discussed in the form of ARLs with HND and Exponential Distribution (ED) based ACCs under TTLT, showing the excellent assessment of the proposed chart. Additionally, the advantages of another proposed ACC using HND are compared with ED-based ACC, and the findings support the HND in the form of smaller ARLs. Finally, simulation testing and real-life implementation are also discussed for functional purposes.
Three genes expressed in relation to lipid metabolism considered as potential biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy
Authors: Yang Ye , Wang Qin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDiabetic neuropathy is one of the most common chronic complications and is present in approximately 50% of diabetic patients. A bioinformatic approach was used to analyze candidate genes involved in diabetic distal symmetric polyneuropathy and their potential mechanisms. GSE95849 was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database for differential analysis, together with the identified diabetic peripheral neuropathy-associated genes and the three major metabolism-associated genes in the CTD database to obtain overlapping Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs). Gene Set Enrichment Analysis and Functional Enrichment Analysis were performed. Protein–Protein Interaction and hub gene networks were constructed using the STRING database and Cytoscape software. The expression levels of target genes were evaluated using GSE24290 samples, followed by Receiver operating characteristic, curve analysis. And Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis were performed on the target genes. Finally, mRNA-miRNA networks were constructed. A total of 442 co-expressed DEGs were obtained through differential analysis, of which 353 expressed up-regulated genes and 89 expressed down-regulated genes. The up-regulated DEGs were involved in 742 GOs and 10 KEGG enrichment results, mainly associated with lipid metabolism-related pathways, TGF-β receptor signaling pathway, lipid transport, and PPAR signaling pathway. A total of 4 target genes (CREBBP, EP300, ME1, CD36) were identified. Analysis of subject operating characteristic curves indicated that CREBBP (AUC = 1), EP300 (AUC = 0.917), ME1 (AUC = 0.944) and CD36 (AUC = 1) may be candidate serum biomarkers for DPN. Conclusion: Diabetic peripheral neuropathy pathogenesis and progression is caused by multiple pathways, which also provides clinicians with potential therapeutic tools.
Chitosan oligomers (COS) trigger a coordinated biochemical response of lemongrass (Cymbopogon flexuosus) plants to palliate salinity-induced oxidative stress
Authors: Mukarram Mohammad , Khan M. Masroor A. , Kurjak Daniel , Corpas Francisco J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPlant susceptibility to salt depends on several factors from its genetic makeup to modifiable physiological and biochemical status. We used lemongrass (Cymbopogon flexuosus) plants as a relevant medicinal and aromatic cash crop to assess the potential benefits of chitosan oligomers (COS) on plant growth and essential oil productivity during salinity stress (160 and 240 mM NaCl). Five foliar sprays of 120 mg L−1 of COS were applied weekly. Several aspects of photosynthesis, gas exchange, cellular defence, and essential oil productivity of lemongrass were traced. The obtained data indicated that 120 mg L−1 COS alleviated photosynthetic constraints and raised the enzymatic antioxidant defence including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD) activities that minimised salt-induced oxidative damage. Further, stomatal conductance (gs) and photosynthetic CO2 assimilation (A) were improved to support overall plant development. The same treatment increased geraniol dehydrogenase (GeDH) activity and lemongrass essential oil production. COS-induced salt resilience suggests that COS could become a useful biotechnological tool in reclaiming saline soil for improved crop productivity, especially when such soil is unfit for leading food crops. Considering its additional economic value in the essential oil industry, we propose COS-treated lemongrass as an excellent alternative crop for saline lands.