bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Framework for Algae Modeling in Regulatory Risk Assessment
Authors: Rendal Cecilie , Witt Johannes , Preuss Thomas G. , Ashauer Roman 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The use of toxicokinetic–toxicodynamic (TKTD) modeling in regulatory risk assessment of plant protection products is increasingly popular, especially since the 2018 European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) opinion on TKTD modeling announced that several established models are ready for use in risk assessment. With careful adherence to the guidelines laid out by EFSA, we present a stepwise approach to validation and use of the Simple Algae Model Extended (SAM-X) for regulatory submission in Tier 2C. We demonstrate how the use of moving time windows across time-variable exposure profiles can generate thousands of virtual laboratory mimic simulations that seamlessly predict the effects of time-variable exposures across a full exposure profile while maintaining the laboratory conditions of the standard Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) growth inhibition test. Thus, every virtual laboratory test has a duration of 72 h, with OECD medium and constant light and temperature conditions. The only deviation from the standard test setup is the replacement of constant exposure conditions for time-variable concentrations. The present study demonstrates that for simulation of 72-h toxicity tests, the nutrient dynamics in the SAM-X model are not required, and we propose the alternative use of a simplified model version. For risk assessment, in accordance with the EFSA guidelines we use a median exposure profile of 10 as a threshold, meaning that if a time window within the exposure profile causes 50% growth inhibition when magnified by a factor of 10, the threshold will have been exceeded. We present a simplified example for chlorotoluron and isoproturon. The present case study brings to life our proposed framework for TKTD modeling of algae to establish whether a given exposure can be considered to be of low risk. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;42:1823–1838. © 2023 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.
Jump Power Predicts Fracture Risk in Older Adults Independent of Sarcopenia and FRAX
Authors: Hong Namki , Burm Seung Won , Kim Hyeon Chang , Kim Chang Oh , Rhee Yumie 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACTLow countermovement jump power is associated with prevalent fracture, osteoporosis, and sarcopenia in older adults. However, whether jump power predicts incident fracture risk remains uninvestigated. Data of 1366 older adults in a prospective community cohort were analyzed. Jump power was measured using a computerized ground force plate system. Fracture events were ascertained by follow‐up interview and linkage to the national claim database (median follow‐up 6.4 years). Participants were divided into normal and low jump power groups using a predetermined threshold (women <19.0 W/kg; men <23.8 W/kg; or unable to jump). Among the study participants (mean age 71.6 years, women 66.3%), low jump power was associated with a higher risk of fracture (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.16 versus normal jump power, p < 0.001), which remained robust (adjusted HR = 1.45, p = 0.035) after adjustment for fracture risk assessment tool (FRAX) major osteoporotic fracture (MOF) probability with bone mineral density (BMD) and Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) 2019 sarcopenia definition. In the AWGS no sarcopenia group, participants with low jump power had a significantly higher risk of fracture than those with normal jump power (12.5% versus 6.7%; HR = 1.93, p = 0.013), comparable to that of possible sarcopenia without low jump power (12.0%). Possible sarcopenia group with low jump power had a similar risk of fracture (19.3%) to sarcopenia group (20.8%). When the definition of sarcopenia was modified with jump power measurement (step‐up approach: no sarcopenia to possible sarcopenia; possible sarcopenia to sarcopenia when low jump power present), jump power–modified sarcopenia improved sensitivity (18%–39.3%) to classify individuals who sustained MOF during follow‐up to high risk compared with AWGS 2019 sarcopenia, while maintaining positive predictive value (22.3%–20.6%). In summary, jump power predicted fracture risk in community‐dwelling older adults independently of sarcopenia and FRAX MOF probabilities, suggesting potential contribution of complex motor function measurement in fracture risk assessment. © 2023 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Selinexor: Targeting a novel pathway in multiple myeloma
Authors: Mo Clifton C. , Yee Andrew J. , Midha Shonali , Hartley‐Brown Monique A. , Nadeem Omar , O'Donnell Elizabeth K. , Bianchi Giada , Sperling Adam S. , Laubach Jacob P. , Richardson Paul G. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSelinexor is an orally bioavailable selective inhibitor of nuclear export compound that inhibits exportin‐1 (XPO1), a novel therapeutic target that is overexpressed in multiple myeloma (MM) and is responsible for the transport of ∼220 nuclear proteins to the cytoplasm, including tumour suppressor proteins. Inhibition of this process has demonstrated substantial antimyeloma activity in preclinical studies, both alone and in combination with established MM therapeutics. Based on a clinical trial programme encompassing multiple combination regimens, selinexor‐based therapy has been approved for the treatment of relapsed/refractory MM (RRMM), with selinexor‐dexamethasone approved in the later‐relapse setting for penta‐refractory patients and selinexor‐bortezomib‐dexamethasone approved for patients who have received ≥1 prior therapy. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of the clinical data on selinexor‐based regimens, including recent updates from the 2022 American Society of Hematology annual meeting, and summarise ongoing studies of this novel targeted agent in newly diagnosed MM and RRMM.
Reception of experimental pedagogy and psychology in Chile. Analysis of the intellectual influences of Wilhelm Mann, 1904–1915
Authors: Millán Juan David , Salas Gonzalo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis article provides a detailed analysis of the intellectual research project of Wilhelm Mann, one of the pioneers of experimental and educational psychology in Chile. Mann's work has been the object of so little analysis that his intellectual influences and networks are not clearly known. We analyzed 338 intratext citations from 22 works by Wilhelm Mann published during the period 1904–1915. As a result, we obtained a mapping of his cooperation networks and used a quantitative approach to study the authors who most influenced his career, among whom were William Stern, Herbert Spencer, Wilhelm Wundt, Alfred Binet, and Ernst Meumann. Mann was closely connected to the international and contemporary advances and discussions of his time, despite the lack of infrastructure and difficulties in communication. Mann was the first psychologist to develop a long‐term project in Chile that aimed to measure the individualities of Chilean students and their intellectual development.
Amidate ion‐mediated intramolecular ring transformation of 2‐pyrones to 2‐pyridones
Authors: Kumar Rajan , Kumari Neha , Kaur Harpreet , Bal Chandralata , Sharon Ashoke 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHerein, we report a new and cost‐effective methodology for synthesizing N‐substituted 2‐pyridone‐3‐carboxylic acids (2) from 2‐pyrone‐3‐carboxamides (1) with a good yield at room temperature. The notable feature of this reaction is the promotion of amidate ion formation mediated by NaH to initiate intramolecular ring transformation. In addition to ring transformation, simultaneous decarboxylation and substitution under the metal‐free condition in one pot have been achieved to yield N‐substituted 2‐pyridones (3) from 1.
Multiparametric Quantitative MRI of Peripheral Nerves in the Leg: A Reliability Study
Authors: Chen Yongsheng , Baraz Jacob , Xuan Stephanie Yan , Yang Xue , Castoro Ryan , Xuan Yang , Roth Alison R. , Dortch Richard D. , Li Jun 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundPatients with polyneuropathies typically have demyelination and/or axonal degeneration in peripheral nerves. Currently, there is a lack of imaging biomarkers to track the changes in these pathologies.PurposeTo develop and evaluate the reliability of a multiparametric quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (qMRI) method of peripheral nerves in the leg.Study TypeProspective.SubjectsSeventeen healthy volunteers (36.2 ± 13.8 years old, 9 males) with 10 of them scanned twice for test–retest.Field Strength/Sequence3 T, three‐dimensional gradient echo and diffusion tensor imaging.AssessmentA qMRI protocol and processing pipeline was established for quantifying the following nerve parameters that are sensitive to myelin and axonal pathologies: magnetization transfer (MT) ratio (MTR), MT saturation index (MTsat), T2*, T1, proton density (PD), fractional anisotropy (FA), and mean/axial/radial diffusivities (MD, AD, and RD). The qMRI protocol also measures the volume of nerve fascicles (fVOL) and the fat fraction (FF) of muscles.Statistical TestsThe intersession reproducibility and inter‐rater reliability of each qMRI parameter were assessed by Bland–Altman analysis and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Pairwise Pearson correlation analyses were performed to investigate the intrinsic association between qMRI parameters. Distal‐to‐proximal variations were evaluated by paired t‐tests with Bonferroni‐Holm multiple comparison corrections. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsThe MTR, MTsat, T2*, T1, PD, FA, AD, and fVOL of the sciatic and tibial nerves, and the FF of leg muscles, had an overall good‐to‐excellent test–retest agreement (ICC varying from 0.78 to 0.99). All the qMRI parameters had good‐to‐excellent inter‐rater reliability (ICC > 0.80). The data demonstrated a pattern of distal‐to‐proximal changes of an increased nerve MTsat and FA, and a decreased nerve T1, PD, MD, and RD, as well as a significantly increased muscle FF.Data ConclusionThe proposed multiparametric qMRI method of the peripheral nerves is highly reproducible and provided healthy control data which will be used in developing monitoring biomarkers in patients with polyneuropathies.Level of Evidence1Technical EfficacyStage 2
The merit of the North Sea‐Caspian pattern in explaining climate variability in the Euro‐Mediterranean region
Authors: Çağlar Ferat , Yetemen Omer , Chun Kwok Pan , Sen Omer Lutfi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTeleconnection patterns are one of the key features to understanding high‐frequency natural climate variability. The North Sea‐Caspian Pattern (NCP) was identified as a middle tropospheric dipole and its hydroclimatological implications have been substantially restricted to the Eastern Mediterranean region. Thus, the hydroclimatological influences of the NCP in the Euro‐Mediterranean region were investigated via a comparative approach with dominant tropospheric teleconnections in the Eurasian region and synoptic features such as ridge‐trough positioning and strength. By using high‐resolution ERA5 reanalysis data, cross‐correlations between indexes, anticorrelations at 500 hPa and composite anomaly maps for seasonally representative months were produced to understand the working mechanism of the NCP. Comparisons included the East Atlantic/Western Russian (EAWR) pattern, a rotated principal component analysis (RPCA) variant of NCP which utilizes pole‐based representation. Analysis revealed that the NCP was correlated well with the Mediterranean trough displacement and with the strength of the East Asian trough. Climate anomalies indicated by the NCP were greater and more spatially consistent compared to other teleconnections. The NCP also showed higher contrasts of temperature and precipitation than the EAWR based on the composite anomaly maps. In conclusion, the NCP explained climate variability in all seasons linking remote centres of action within Eurasia's east and west extremes.
Managerial competencies: A comparative study of US‐India employer's needs
Authors: Agnihotri Amit , Misra Rajnish Kumar 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCOVID‐19 pandemic brought novel challenges for society and businesses. Along with psychological impact on humans, COVID‐19 led to significant changes in business processes. Managerial competencies, which positively impact performance of both the employees and businesses, are influenced by changing social and business context. In this milieu, there is a call for research to understand the impact of recent changes on managerial competencies to make them future‐ready. Further, in light of prior studies that present opposing findings, a related question worth exploring is—does the importance of managerial competencies differ across countries? By answering these questions, key competencies, that can boost both employee performance and business profitability, can be assessed and nurtured for a positive global impact.This paper presents theoretical background, methodology, findings and implications from a two‐part study that was conducted to answer above questions. Phase 1, which included literature review, analysis of US Government's O*NET database and expert validation, yielded a unique 9 × 51 Managerial Competencies Framework. Using quantitative methodology, that involved primary survey of Indian experts and hypothesis testing on matching data‐sets, Phase 2 of this cross‐country study reports a broad agreement amongst US and Indian experts on the importance of key managerial competencies. Study offers many theoretical and practical implications, along with directions for future research.
Surgical Outcomes in Zenker Diverticula: A Multicenter, Prospective, Longitudinal Study
Authors: Howell Rebecca , Johnson Christopher , Allen Jacqui , Altaye Mekibib , Amin Milan , Bayan Semirra , Belafsky Peter , Cervenka Brian , Desilva Brad , Dion Gregory R. , Ekbom Dale , Friedman Aaron , Fritz Mark , Giliberto John Paul , Guardiani Elizabeth , Kasperbauer Jan , Kim Brandon , Krekeler Brittany N. , Kuhn Maggie , Kwak Paul , Ma Yue , Madden Lyndsay L. , Matrka Laura , Mayerhoff Ross , McKeon Mallory , Piraka Cyrus , Rosen Clark A. , Tabangin Meredith , Wahab Shaun A. , Wilson Keith , Wright Carter , Young VyVy N. , Postma Gregory ,   Prospective OUtcomes of Cricopharyngeal Hypertonicity (POUCH) Collaborative
Published: May 2023

ObjectiveTo compare improvement in patient‐reported outcomes (PROM) in persons undergoing endoscopic and open surgical management of Zenker diverticula (ZD).MethodologyProspective, multicenter cohort study of all individuals enrolled in the Prospective OUtcomes of Cricopharyngeus Hypertonicity (POUCH) Collaborative who underwent surgery for ZD. Patient survey, radiography reports, and the 10‐item Eating Assessment Tool (EAT‐10) pre‐ and post‐procedure were abstracted from a REDCap database, which summarized means, medians, percentages, and frequencies of. Outcome based on operative intervention (endoscopic vs. open) was compared using t‐test, Wilcoxon rank sum test or chi‐square test, as appropriate.ResultsOne hundred and forty‐seven persons were prospectively followed. The mean age (SD) of the cohort was 68.7 (11.0). Overall, 66% of patients reported 100% improvement in EAT‐10; 81% of patients had greater than 75% improvement; and 88% had greater than 50% improvement. Endoscopic was used for n = 109 patients, and open surgical intervention was used for n = 38. The median [interquartile range, IQR] EAT‐10 percent improvement for endoscopic treatment was 93.3% [72, 100], and open was 100% [92.3, 100] (p = 0.05). The incidence of intraoperative complications was 3.7% for endoscopic and 7.9% for open surgical management. The median [IQR] in follow‐up was 86 and 97.5 days, respectively.ConclusionBoth endoscopic and open surgical management of ZD provide significant improvement in patient‐reported outcomes. The data suggest that open diverticulectomy may provide a modest advantage in symptomatic improvement compared to endoscopic management. The data suggest that the postoperative complication rate is higher in the open surgical group.Level of Evidence3 Laryngoscope, 134:97–102, 2024
Development of a new multiplex quantitative PCR for the detection of Glaesserella parasuis, Mycoplasma hyorhinis, and Mycoplasma hyosynoviae
Authors: Scherrer Simone , Schmitt Sarah , Rademacher Fenja , Kuhnert Peter , Ghielmetti Giovanni , Peterhans Sophie , Stephan Roger 
Published: May 2023

AbstractGlaesserella parasuis, Mycoplasma hyorhinis, and Mycoplasma hyosynoviae are important porcine pathogens responsible for polyserositis, polyarthritis, meningitis, pneumonia, and septicemia causing significant economic losses in the swine industry. A new multiplex quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was designed on one hand for the detection of G. parasuis and the virulence marker vtaA to distinguish between highly virulent and non‐virulent strains. On the other hand, fluorescent probes were established for the detection and identification of both M. hyorhinis and M. hyosynoviae targeting 16S ribosomal RNA genes. The development of the qPCR was based on reference strains of 15 known serovars of G. parasuis, as well as on the type strains M. hyorhinis ATCC 17981T and M. hyosynoviae NCTC 10167T. The new qPCR was further evaluated using 21 G. parasuis, 26 M. hyorhinis, and 3 M. hyosynoviae field isolates. Moreover, a pilot study including different clinical specimens of 42 diseased pigs was performed. The specificity of the assay was 100% without cross‐reactivity or detection of other bacterial swine pathogens. The sensitivity of the new qPCR was demonstrated to be between 11–180 genome equivalents (GE) of DNA for M. hyosynoviae and M. hyorhinis, and 140–1200 GE for G. parasuis and vtaA. The cut‐off threshold cycle was found to be at 35. The developed sensitive and specific qPCR assay has the potential to become a useful molecular tool, which could be implemented in veterinary diagnostic laboratories for the detection and identification of G. parasuis, its virulence marker vtaA, M. hyorhinis, and M. hyosynoviae.
SUMO1 degrader induces ER stress and ROS accumulation through deSUMOylation of TCF4 and inhibition of its transcription of StarD7 in colon cancer
Authors: Zhao Yin Quan , Jin Hong Ri , Kim Daeho , Jung Sung Han , Liu Sheng , Wan Jun , Lo Ho‐Yin , Fu Xue Qi , Wang Quan , Hao Chunhai , Bellail Anita C. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSmall molecule degraders of small ubiquitin‐related modifier 1 (SUMO1) induce SUMO1 degradation in colon cancer cells and inhibits the cancer cell growth; however, it is unclear how SUMO1 degradation leads to the anticancer activity of the degraders. Genome‐wide CRISPR‐Cas9 knockout screen has identified StAR‐related lipid transfer domain containing 7 (StarD7) as a critical gene for the degrader's anticancer activity. Here, we show that both StarD7 mRNA and protein are overexpressed in human colon cancer and its knockout significantly reduces colon cancer cell growth and xenograft progression. The treatment with the SUMO1 degrader lead compound HB007 reduces StarD7 mRNA and protein levels and increases endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in colon cancer cells and three‐dimensional (3D) organoids. The study further provides a novel mechanism of the compound anticancer activity that SUMO1 degrader‐induced decrease of StarD7 occur through degradation of SUMO1, deSUMOylation and degradation of T cell‐specific transcription 4 (TCF4) and thereby inhibition of its transcription of StarD7 in colon cancer cells, 3D organoids and patient‐derived xenografts (PDX).
Development of a mid‐infrared early fire detection system based on dual optical path nonresonant photoacoustic cell
Authors: Lu Yang , Li Yafei , Song Fang , Zhang Yu , Li Xiuying , Zheng Chuantao , Wang Yiding 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA mid‐infrared carbon dioxide (CO2) sensor system was developed for early fire detection based on photoacoustic spectroscopy. A miniaturized nonresonant photoacoustic gas cell was optimized by means of finite element method (FEM). A cylindrical cell was optimized with a radius of 12.7 mm and a length of 32 mm. An approximately proportional relationship between the optical path length and the amplitude of the photoacoustic signal was observed by theoretical analysis. The optimal modulation frequency was determined to be 44 Hz. A dual optical path was adopted to gain a low limit of detection (LoD) and a high sensitivity. The amplitude of the photoacoustic signal was increased by 1.8 times compared to single optical path. The LoD of the sensor system was measured to be 4.1 ppmv at an averaging time of 84 s.
Thermoporoelastic response of a semi‐permeable wellbore subjected to convective cooling and non‐hydrostatic in situ stresses
Authors: Fan Zhiqiang , Zhang Chongyuan , Wang Dayong , Li Shiyang , Zhao Jiamin , Wu Ziyan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractExisting models of wellbore stability idealize the borehole wall as either a perfectly permeable or an entirely impermeable surface. The widespread observation that a shale borehole allows solvent molecules to pass through but impedes solutes suggests that the borehole wall should be regarded as a non‐ideal semi‐permeable medium. To address the magnitude and rate of fluid penetration into the formation when a semi‐permeable wellbore is exposed to a non‐isothermal drilling fluid quantitatively, this work develops analytical solutions for a semi‐permeable borehole undergoing convective cooling and far‐field non‐hydrostatic in situ stresses in the framework of fully coupled thermoporoelasticity. Integral transform and load decomposition techniques are employed to facilitate the derivation of analytical solutions. The results show that, in contrast to the permeable or impermeable borehole models, the semi‐permeable model predicts significantly different stress and pore pressure fields. The transient evolution of temperature, pore pressure, and stresses is predominantly governed by two non‐dimensional numbers: the Biot number Bi and a newly identified number πf that characterizes the capability of shale to transport fluid across the solid‐fluid interface.
Urinary flow through urethras with a rough lumen
Authors: Yang Patricia J. , Chen Tony G. , Bracher Sarah B. , Hui Aaron , Hu David L. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimsThis study investigates how lumen roughness and urethral length influence urinary flow speed.MethodsWe used micro‐computed tomography scans to measure the lumen roughness and dimensions for rabbits, cats, and pigs. We designed and fabricated three‐dimensional‐printed urethra mimics of varying roughness and length to perform flow experiments. We also developed a corresponding mathematical model to rationalize the observed flow speed.ResultsWe update the previously reported relationship between body mass and urethra length and diameter, now including 41 measurements for urethra length and 10 measurements for diameter. We report the relationship between lumen diameter and roughness as a function of position down the urethra for rabbits, cats, and pigs. The time course of urinary speed from our mimics is reported, as well as the average speed as a function of urethra length.ConclusionsBased on the behavior of our mimics, we conclude that the lumen roughness in mammals reduces flow speed by up to 25% compared to smooth urethras. Urine flows fastest when the urethra length exceeds 25 times its diameter. Longer urethras do not drain faster due to viscous effects counteracting the additional gravitational head. However, flows with our urethra mimics are still 6 times faster than those observed in nature, suggesting that further work is needed to understand flow resistance in the urethra.