bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advancing prostate cancer detection: a comparative analysis of PCLDA-SVM and PCLDA-KNN classifiers for enhanced diagnostic accuracy
Authors: Dubey Priya , Kumar Surendra 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis investigation aimed to assess the effectiveness of different classification models in diagnosing prostate cancer using a screening dataset obtained from the National Cancer Institute’s Cancer Data Access System. The dataset was first reduced using the PCLDA method, which combines Principal Component Analysis and Linear Discriminant Analysis. Two classifiers, Support Vector Machine (SVM) and k-Nearest Neighbour (KNN), were then applied to compare their performance. The results showed that the PCLDA-SVM model achieved an impressive accuracy rate of 97.99%, with a precision of 0.92, sensitivity of 92.83%, specificity of 97.65%, and F1 score of 0.93. Additionally, it demonstrated a low error rate of 0.016 and a Matthews Correlation Coefficient (MCC) and Kappa coefficient of 0.946. On the other hand, the PCLDA-KNN model also performed well, achieving an accuracy of 97.8%, precision of 0.93, sensitivity of 93.39%, specificity of 97.86%, an F1 score of 0.92, a high MCC and Kappa coefficient of 0.98, and an error rate of 0.006. In conclusion, the PCLDA-SVM method exhibited improved efficacy in diagnosing prostate cancer compared to the PCLDA-KNN model. Both models, however, showed promising results, suggesting the potential of these classifiers in prostate cancer diagnosis.
Capsaicin binds the N-terminus of Hsp90, induces lysosomal degradation of Hsp70, and enhances the anti-tumor effects of 17-AAG (Tanespimycin)
Authors: Patwardhan Chaitanya A. , Kommalapati Vamsi Krishna , Llbiyi Taoufik , Singh Digvijay , Alfa Eyad , Horuzsko Anatolij , Korkaya Hasan , Panda Siva , Reilly Christopher A. , Popik Vladimir , Chadli Ahmed 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHeat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) and its co-chaperones promote cancer, and targeting Hsp90 holds promise for cancer treatment. Most of the efforts to harness this potential have focused on targeting the Hsp90 N-terminus ATP binding site. Although newer-generation inhibitors have shown improved efficacy in aggressive cancers, induction of the cellular heat shock response (HSR) by these inhibitors is thought to limit their clinical efficacy. Therefore, Hsp90 inhibitors with novel mechanisms of action and that do not trigger the HSR would be advantageous. Here, we investigated the mechanism by which capsaicin inhibits Hsp90. Through mutagenesis, chemical modifications, and proteomic studies, we show that capsaicin binds to the N-terminus of Hsp90 and inhibits its ATPase activity. Consequently, capsaicin and its analogs inhibit Hsp90 ATPase-dependent progesterone receptor reconstitution in vitro. Capsaicin did not induce the HSR, instead, it promoted the degradation of Hsp70 through the lysosome-autophagy pathway. Remarkably, capsaicin did not induce degradation of the constitutively expressed cognate Hsc70, indicating selectivity for Hsp70. Combined treatments of capsaicin and the Hsp90 inhibitor 17-AAG improved the anti-tumor efficacy of 17-AAG in cell culture and tridimensional tumor spheroid growth assays using breast and prostate cancer models. Consistent with this, in silico docking studies revealed that capsaicin binding to the ATP binding site of Hsp90 was distinct from classical N-terminus Hsp90 inhibitors, indicating a novel mechanism of action. Collectively, these findings support the use of capsaicin as a chemical scaffold to develop novel Hsp90 N-terminus inhibitors as well as its ability to be a potential cancer co-therapeutic.
Vibration response difference of caving mechanism under coal rock impact based on mechanical–hydraulic coupling
Authors: Zhu Yanpeng , Zeng Qingliang , Wan Lirong , Yang Yang , Li Zhe 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTop coal caving in fully mechanized caving mining will cause an irregular impact on the caving mechanism of hydraulic support. The vibration response of the caving mechanism varies under different forms of impact. This response difference is a prerequisite for new coal rock identification technology in intelligent mining. Therefore, this work studies the difference in vibration response of the caving mechanism under different forms of impact. An innovative mechanical–hydraulic coupling system model of the caving mechanism impact by coal rock is established. The metal plate impact test proved the significant difference in vibration response of the caving mechanism under coal rock impact of different materials. Afterward, a more improved mechanical–hydraulic co-simulation model analyzed the difference in the vibration response of the caving mechanism under different rock materials, volumes, velocities and impact positions. The results show that the vibration response is more intense under rock impact than under coal impact. A lower position, a faster velocity and a larger volume correspond to a more noticeable response difference in the caving mechanism. The vibration and fault sensitive areas of the caving mechanism are determined. This study has a reference significance for improving the caving mechanism's structural design and failure prevention. The conclusions provide guidance for a new intelligent coal rock identification technology based on vibration signals.
Empathy competence and future specialty among medical residents in Japan: a nationwide cross-sectional study
Authors: Watari Takashi , Houchens Nathan , Nishizaki Yuji , Kataoka Koshi , Otsuka Tomoe , Nakano Yasuhisa , Sakaguchi Kota , Shiraishi Yoshihiko , Katayama Kohta , Kataoka Hitomi , Tokuda Yasuharu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractEmpathy is essential for physicians to provide patient-centered care. Nevertheless, the degree to which empathy varies among medical residents based on their desired future specialty remains undetermined. This nationwide cross-sectional study compared empathy levels (Jefferson Scale of Empathy, JSE) of 824 year one and two postgraduate residents in Japan by intended medical specialty, individual characteristics, and training and working environment characteristics. Empathy levels were compared with applicants for general medicine, which emphasizes patient-centeredness. The highest mean JSE and the highest percentage of women residents were observed in general medicine (M = 109.74; SD = 14.04), followed by dermatology (M = 106.64; SD = 16.90), obstetrics and gynecology (M = 106.48; SD = 14.31), and pediatrics (106.02; SD 12.18). Residents interested in procedure-centered departments (e.g. ophthalmology, orthopedics) garnered lower JSE scores. Multivariate regression revealed that future general medicine candidates achieved the highest JSE scores ($$\beta$$
β
= 6.68, 95% CI 2.39–10.9, p = 0.002). Women achieved significantly higher JSE scores than men ($$\beta$$
β
= 2.42, 95% CI 0.11–4.73, p = 0.041). The results have implications for empathy training and postgraduate education strategy in different clinical specialties.
Impact of late gadolinium-enhanced cardiac MRI on arrhythmic and mortality outcomes in nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy: updated systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Theerasuwipakorn Nonthikorn , Chokesuwattanaskul Ronpichai , Phannajit Jeerath , Marsukjai Apichai , Thapanasuta Mananchaya , Klem Igor , Chattranukulchai Pairoj 
Published: August 2023

AbstractRisk stratification based mainly on the impairment of left ventricular ejection fraction has limited performance in patients with nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (NIDCM). Evidence is rapidly growing for the impact of myocardial scar identified by late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) on cardiovascular events. We aim to assess the prognostic value of LGE on long-term arrhythmic and mortality outcomes in patients with NIDCM. PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane databases were searched from inception to January 21, 2022. Studies that included disease-specific subpopulations of NIDCM were excluded. Data were independently extracted and combined via random-effects meta-analysis using a generic inverse-variance strategy. Data from 60 studies comprising 15,217 patients were analyzed with a 3-year median follow-up. The presence of LGE was associated with major ventricular arrhythmic events (pooled OR: 3.99; 95% CI 3.08, 5.16), all-cause mortality (pooled OR: 2.14; 95% CI 1.81, 2.52), cardiovascular mortality (pooled OR 2.83; 95% CI 2.23, 3.60), and heart failure hospitalization (pooled OR: 2.53; 95% CI 1.78, 3.59). Real-world evidence suggests that the presence of LGE on CMR was a strong predictor of adverse long-term outcomes in patients with NIDCM. Scar assessment should be incorporated as a primary determinant in the patient selection criteria for primary prophylactic implantable cardioverter-defibrillator placement.
Exploring the mechanism of luteolin by regulating microglia polarization based on network pharmacology and in vitro experiments
Authors: Wang Tianyue , Yin Yuanjun , Jiang Xinyu , Ruan Yanmin , Xu Jiawen , Hu Xiaowei , Li Tianyi , Chu Lisheng , Li Lin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractNeuroinflammation manifests following injury to the central nervous system (CNS) and M1/M2 polarization of microglia is closely associated with the development of this neuroinflammation. In this study, multiple databases were used to collect targets regarding luteolin and microglia polarization. After obtaining a common target, a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was created and further analysis was performed to obtain the core network. Molecular docking of the core network with luteolin after gene enrichment analysis. In vitro experiments were used to examine the polarization of microglia and the expression of related target proteins. A total of 77 common targets were obtained, and the core network obtained by further analysis contained 38 proteins. GO and KEGG analyses revealed that luteolin affects microglia polarization in regulation of inflammatory response as well as the interleukin (IL)-17 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathways. Through in vitro experiments, we confirmed that the use of luteolin reduced the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), IL-6, TNF-α, p-NFκBIA (p-IκB-α), p-NFκB p65, and MMP9, while upregulating the expression of Arg-1 and IL-10. This study reveals various potential mechanisms by which luteolin induces M2 polarization in microglia to inhibit the neuroinflammatory response.
A beam reconfigurable array antenna using slot‐coupled microstrip structure
Authors: Wu Jie , Fan Min , Wu Xianliang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA planar low‐profile 4 × 4 beam reconfigurable array antenna using electronically controllable method at X‐band is presented. A novel switchable slot‐coupled microstrip feed structure (SMFS) is employed in the design of the antenna, which can provide a 180° phase difference in a wide frequency band. The antenna element is composed of an SMFS, a 2 × 2 parasitic square metal patch array, and a DC bias circuit. By switching the p‐i‐n diodes on the SMFS for all antenna elements, four radiation patterns of the designed array antenna can be reconfigured. The measurement results indicate that the designed antenna has achieved good impedance matching over a wide overlapped relative bandwidth of 24%. Benefiting from the advantages of wideband operation in four dynamical reconfigurable beams, the proposed array antenna is quite suitable for intelligent spatial perception, multi‐beam, and anti‐interference wireless communication systems.
Small object detection based on hierarchical attention mechanism and multi‐scale separable detection
Authors: Zhang Yafeng , Yu Junyang , Wang Yuanyuan , Tang Shuang , Li Han , Xin Zhiyi , Wang Chaoyi , Zhao Ziming 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe ability of modern detectors to detect small targets is still an unresolved topic compared to their capability of detecting medium and large targets in the field of object detection. Accurately detecting and identifying small objects in the real‐world scenario suffer from sub‐optimal performance due to various factors such as small target size, complex background, variability in illumination, occlusions, and target distortion. Here, a small object detection method for complex traffic scenarios named deformable local and global attention (DLGADet) is proposed, which seamlessly merges the ability of hierarchical attention mechanisms (HAMs) with the versatility of deformable multi‐scale feature fusion, effectively improving recognition and detection performance. First, DLGADet introduces the combination of multi‐scale separable detection and multi‐scale feature fusion mechanism to obtain richer contextual information for feature fusion while solving the misalignment problem of classification and localisation tasks. Second, a deformation feature extraction module (DFEM) is designed to address the deformation of objects. Finally, a HAM combining global and local attention mechanisms is designed to obtain discriminative features from complex backgrounds. Extensive experiments on three datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods. Code is available at https://github.com/ACAMPUS/DLGADet
The blue supergiant Sher 25 revisited in the Gaia era
Authors: Weßmayer D. , Przybilla N. , Ebenbichler A. , Aschenbrenner P. , Butler K. 
Published: August 2023

Aims. The evolutionary status of the blue supergiant Sher 25 and its membership to the massive cluster NGC 3603 are investigated.
Methods. A hybrid non-local thermodynamic equilibrium (non-LTE) spectrum synthesis approach is employed to analyse a high-resolution optical spectrum of Sher 25 and five similar early B-type comparison stars in order to derive atmospheric parameters and elemental abundances. Fundamental stellar parameters are determined by considering stellar evolution tracks, Gaia Data Release 3 (DR3) data, and complementary distance information. Interstellar reddening and the reddening law along the sight line towards Sher 25 are constrained employing UV photometry for the first time in addition to optical and infrared data. The distance to NGC 3603 is reevaluated based on Gaia DR3 data of the innermost cluster O-stars.
Results. The spectroscopic distance derived from the quantitative analysis implies that Sher 25 lies in the foreground of NGC 3603, which is found to have a distance of dNGC3603 = 6250 ± 150 pc. A cluster membership is also excluded as the hourglass nebula is unaffected by the vigorous stellar winds of the cluster stars and from the different excitation signatures of the hourglass nebula and the nebula around NGC 3603. Sher 25 turns out to have a luminosity of log L/L⊙ = 5.48 ± 0.14, equivalent to that of a ~27 M⊙ supergiant in a single-star scenario, which is about half of the mass assumed so far, bringing it much closer in its characteristics to Sk−69º202, the progenitor of SN 1987A. Sher 25 is significantly older than NGC 3603. Further arguments for a binary (merger) evolutionary scenario of Sher 25 are discussed.
Treatment of Inherited Platelet Disorders: Current Status and Future Options
Authors: Bargehr Caroline , Knöfler Ralf , Streif Werner 
Published: August 2023

AbstractInherited platelet disorders (IPDs) comprise a heterogeneous group of entities that manifest with variable bleeding tendencies. For successful treatment, the underlying platelet disorder, bleeding severity and location, age, and sex must be considered in the broader clinical context. Previous information from the AWMF S2K guideline #086–004 (www.awmf.org) is evaluated for validity and supplemented by information of new available and future treatment options and clinical scenarios that need specific measures. Special attention is given to the treatment of menorrhagia and risk management during pregnancy in women with IPDs. Established treatment options of IPDs include local hemostatic treatment, tranexamic acid, desmopressin, platelet concentrates, and recombinant activated factor VII. Hematopoietic stem cell therapy is a curative approach for selected patients. We also provide an outlook on promising new therapies. These include autologous hematopoietic stem cell gene therapy, artificial platelets and nanoparticles, and various other procoagulant treatments that are currently tested in clinical trials in the context of hemophilia.
Neuroserpin As an Adjuvant Therapy for Hypothermia on Brain Injury in Neonatal Hypoxic–Ischemic Rats
Authors: Kilicdag Hasan , Akillioglu Kubra , Kilic Bagır Emine , Kose Seda , Erdogan Seyda 
Published: August 2023

Objective We aimed to assess the effects of neuroserpin and its combination with hypothermia on hypoxic-ischemic (HI) brain injury in neonatal rats. Neuroserpin is an axon-secreted serine protease inhibitor and is important for brain development, neuronal survival, and synaptic plasticity.
Study Design Male Wistar–Albino rats on postnatal day 7 (P7) were randomly divided into five groups: sham group (n = 10), (HI; n = 10), hypoxic-ischemic hypothermia (HIH; n = 10), hypoxic-ischemic neuroserpin (HIN; n = 10), and hypoxic-ischemic neuroserpin-hypothermia (HINH; n = 10). The P7 rat brain's maturation is similar to a late preterm human brain at 34 to 36 weeks of gestation. HI was induced in rats on P7 as previously described. A single dose of 0.2 µM neuroserpin (HINH and HIN) or an equivalent volume of phosphate-buffered saline (sham, HIH, and HI) was administered intraventricularly by a Hamilton syringe immediately after hypoxia. In the follow-up, pups were subjected to systemic hypothermia or normothermia for 2 hours. Euthanasia was performed for histopathological evaluation on P10. Apoptosis was detected by caspase-3 activity and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL) staining and was counted in the hippocampus.
Results In comparison to the HI group, the TUNEL-positive and caspase-3-positive neurons in the sham, HIN, HIH, and HINH groups were considerably lower (13.4 ± 1.0 vs. 1.9 ± 0.9, 6.0 ± 0.9, 5.3 ± 1.6, and 4.0 ± 1.1; p < 0.001) and (13.5 ± 1.7 vs. 1.2 ± 0.7, 9.1 ± 2.7, 4.8 ± 1.0, and 3.9 ± 1.6; p < 0.001). HIN, HIH, and HINH, compared to the sham group, showed more TUNEL-positive and caspase-3-positive neurons (6.0 ± 0.9, 5.3 ± 1.6, 4.0 ± 1.1 vs. 1.9 ± 0.9 and 9.1 ± 2.7, 4.8 ± 1.0, 3.9 ± 1.6 vs. 1.2 ± 0.7; p < 0.001). The HINH group (synergistic effect) had significantly fewer TUNEL-positive neurons and caspase-3-positive neurons than the HIN group (4.0 ± 1.1 vs. 6.0 ± 0.9 and 3.9 ± 1.6 vs. 9.1 ± 2.7; p < 0.001).
Conclusion Our study showed that both neuroserpin alone and as an adjuvant treatment for hypothermia may have a neuroprotective effect on brain injury.
Key Points
Trimethylsilyl Azide Promoted Shono Oxidation of N,N-Dialkyl Amides
Authors: Guo Shengmei , Cai Hu , Luo Wenlin , Zhang Ruixing , Xu Qi , Zheng Shengyu , Yang Junpeng , Liu Meixia 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAn alkoxylation of N,N-dialkyl amides by the Shono reaction has been developed that offers a simple and efficient way to access N-adjacent-carbon-substituted amides. TMSN3 plays an essential role in this transformation and permits the reaction to proceed with a broad substrate scope under mild conditions. This reaction proceeds at a lower current compared with the classical method and it affords the products in up to 91% yield. A possible mechanism is proposed based on control experiments.
Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease: from historical landmarks in Brazil to current care perspectives
Authors: Cavalcanti Eduardo Boiteux Uchôa , Leal Rita de Cássia Carvalho , Marques Junior Wilson , Nascimento Osvaldo José Moreira do 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHereditary motor and sensory neuropathy, also known as Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT), traditionally refers to a group of genetic disorders in which neuropathy is the main or sole feature. Its prevalence varies according to different populations studied, with an estimate between 1:2,500 to 1:10,000. Since the identification of PMP22 gene duplication on chromosome 17 by Vance et al., in 1989, more than 100 genes have been related to this group of disorders, and we have seen advances in the care of patients, with identification of associated conditions and better supportive treatments, including clinical and surgical interventions. Also, with discoveries in the field of genetics, including RNA interference and gene editing techniques, new treatment perspectives begin to emerge. In the present work, we report the most import landmarks regarding CMT research in Brazil and provide a comprehensive review on topics such as frequency of different genes associated with CMT in our population, prevalence of pain, impact on pregnancy, respiratory features, and development of new therapies.
Association of Circulating Long Noncoding 7S RNA with Deep Vein Thrombosis
Authors: Wang Xiao , Memon Ashfaque A. , Hedelius Anna , Grundberg Anton , Elf Johan L. , Svensson Peter J. , Sundquist Jan , Sundquist Kristina 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMitochondrial dysfunction is a recognized factor in the pathogenesis of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). The role of 7S RNA, a long noncoding RNA that plays an important role in mitochondrial function, in DVT remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential use of 7S RNA as a biomarker in DVT. Plasma samples were obtained from 237 patients (aged 16–95 years) with suspected DVT recruited in a prospective multicenter management study (SCORE) where 53 patients were objectively confirmed with a diagnosis of DVT and the rest were diagnosed as non-DVT. 7S RNA was measured using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction in plasma samples. The plasma expression of 7S RNA was significantly lower in DVT compared with non-DVT (0.50 vs. 0.95, p = 0.043). With the linear regression analysis, we showed that the association between the plasma expression of 7S RNA and DVT (β = −0.72, p = 0.007) was independent of potential confounders. Receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis showed the area under the curve values of 0.60 for 7S RNA. The findings of the present study showed a notable association between 7S RNA and DVT. However, further investigations are needed to fully elucidate the exact role of 7S RNA in the pathophysiology of DVT and its diagnostic value.
DFT approach into the physical properties of MTe3 (M = Hf, Zr) superconductors: A comprehensive study
Authors: Rahman F. , Ali M. M. , Ali M. A. , Uddin M. M. , Naqib S. H. , Hossain M. M. 
Published: August 2023

In this article, we investigated the structural, electronic, mechanical, optical, and superconducting state properties of the trichalcogenides, MTe3(M = Hf, Zr) compounds using the density functional theory. Electronic energy dispersion curves demonstrate that the title compounds are metallic in nature, with a significant contribution from the Te atom. The technologically important mechanical properties (stiffness constant, elastic moduli, brittle/ductile behavior, Poisson’s ratio, elastic anisotropy, machinability index, and hardness) are thoroughly examined and addressed. The value of Pugh’s ratio indicates the ductility (brittleness) of ZrTe3 (HfTe3). The Vickers hardness value is 0.86 and 0.54 GPa for MTe3 (M = Hf, Zr), respectively, which confirms their softness. The value of lattice thermal conductivity (in W m−1 K−1) for HfTe3 (3.64) and ZrTe3 (2.36) is low due to significant phonon scattering as confirmed by the Grüneisen parameter study. The optical constants were computed, which confirmed the strong optical anisotropy of MTe3 (M = Hf, Zr). For ZrTe3, with the electric field polarization along the [100] direction, the highest reflectivity (51.36%) is obtained compared to HfTe3 (45.21%). This shows promise for application as a radiative heat reflector of these two compounds. The superconducting state properties, such as London penetration depth, coherence length, Ginzburg–Landau parameter, and electron–phonon coupling parameters are estimated and discussed. The value of electron–phonon coupling parameters suggests that both compounds are moderately coupled superconductors.