bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Social play behavior shapes the development of prefrontal inhibition in a region-specific manner
Authors: Bijlsma Ate , Vanderschuren Louk J M J , Wierenga Corette J 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Experience-dependent organization of neuronal connectivity is critical for brain development. We recently demonstrated the importance of social play behavior for the developmental fine-tuning of inhibitory synapses in the medial prefrontal cortex in rats. When these effects of play experience occur and if this happens uniformly throughout the prefrontal cortex is currently unclear. Here we report important temporal and regional heterogeneity in the impact of social play on the development of excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission in the medial prefrontal cortex and the orbitofrontal cortex. We recorded in layer 5 pyramidal neurons from juvenile (postnatal day (P)21), adolescent (P42), and adult (P85) rats after social play deprivation (between P21 and P42). The development of these prefrontal cortex subregions followed different trajectories. On P21, inhibitory and excitatory synaptic input was higher in the orbitofrontal cortex than in the medial prefrontal cortex. Social play deprivation did not affect excitatory currents, but reduced inhibitory transmission in both medial prefrontal cortex and orbitofrontal cortex. Intriguingly, the reduction occurred in the medial prefrontal cortex during social play deprivation, whereas the reduction in the orbitofrontal cortex only became manifested after social play deprivation. These data reveal a complex interaction between social play experience and the specific developmental trajectories of prefrontal subregions.
When mothers do it all: gender-role norms, women’s employment, and fertility intentions in post-industrial societies
Authors: Han Sinn Won , Gowen Ohjae , Brinton Mary C 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Post-industrial countries with high rates of female labour force participation have generally had low fertility rates, but recent studies demonstrate that this is no longer the case. This has generated increased attention to how greater gender equality in the private sphere of the household may contribute to a positive relationship between women’s employment rates and fertility. Building on recent scholarship demonstrating the multidimensionality of gender-role attitudes, we argue that conversely, the prevalence of a gender-role ideology that supports women’s employment but places greater priority on their role as caregivers may depress the higher-order fertility intentions of working mothers. Using data from 25 European countries, we find that this type of gender-role ideology (egalitarian familism) moderates the relationship between mothers’ full-time employment and their intention to have a second child. This holds even after accounting for key features of the policy environment that are likely to mitigate work–family conflict. The analysis suggests that conflicting normative expectations for women’s work and family roles tend to dampen working mothers’ second-order fertility intentions, independent of work–family reconciliation policies.
Glyphosate and a glyphosate-based herbicide affect bumblebee gut microbiota
Authors: Helander Marjo , Jeevannavar Aditya , Kaakinen Kimmo , Mathew Suni A , Saikkonen Kari , Fuchs Benjamin , Puigbò Pere , Loukola Olli J , Tamminen Manu 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Pollinator decline is one of the gravest challenges facing the world today, and the overuse of pesticides may be among its causes. Here, we studied whether glyphosate, the world’s most widely used pesticide, affects the bumblebee gut microbiota. We exposed the bumblebee diet to glyphosate and a glyphosate-based herbicide and quantified the microbiota community shifts using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Furthermore, we estimated the potential sensitivity of bee gut microbes to glyphosate based on previously reported presence of target enzyme. Glyphosate increased, whereas the glyphosate-based herbicide decreased gut microbiota diversity, indicating that negative effects are attributable to co-formulants. Both glyphosate and the glyphosate-based herbicide treatments significantly decreased the relative abundance of potentially glyphosate-sensitive bacterial species Snodgrasella alvi. However, the relative abundance of potentially glyphosate-sensitive Candidatus Schmidhempelia genera increased in bumblebees treated with glyphosate. Overall, 50% of the bacterial genera detected in the bee gut microbiota were classified as potentially resistant to glyphosate, while 36% were classified as sensitive. Healthy core microbiota have been shown to protect bees from parasite infections, change metabolism, and decrease mortality. Thus, the heavy use of glyphosate-based herbicides may have implications on bees and ecosystems.
Stepping up to COVID-19: A Clinical Trial of a Telepsychology Positive Parenting Program Targeting Behavior Problems in Children With Neurological Risk
Authors: Deotto Angela , Fabiano Giulia F , Chung Beryl Y T , Wade Shari L , Anagnostou Evdokia , Crosbie Jennifer , Kelley Elizabeth , Nicolson Rob , Andrade Brendan F , Miller Steven P , Williams Tricia S 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
To evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of a stepped-care parenting program implemented during COVID-19 among families of behaviorally at-risk children with neurological or neurodevelopmental disorders aged 3–9 years.

Methods
Stepped-care I-InTERACT-North increased psychological support across 3 steps, matched to family needs: (1) guided self-help (podcast), (2) brief support, and (3) longer-term parent support. The intervention was provided by clinicians at The Hospital for Sick Children. Recruitment occurred via hospital and research cohort referral. A single-arm trial using a pragmatic prospective pre–post mixed-method design was utilized to assess accrual, engagement, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy.

Results
Over 15 months, 68 families enrolled (83% consent rate) and 56 families completed stepped-care (Step 1 = 56; Step 2 = 39; Step 3 = 28), with high adherence across Steps (100%, 98%, and 93%, respectively). Parents reported high acceptability, reflected in themes surrounding accessibility, comprehension, effectiveness, and targeted care. Positive parenting skill increases were documented, and robust improvement in child behavior problems was apparent upon Step 3 completion (p =.001, d = .390). Stepped-care was as effective as traditional delivery, while improving consent and completion rates within a pandemic context.

Conclusions
This stepped-care telepsychology parenting program provides a compelling intervention model to address significant gaps in accessible mental health intervention while simultaneously balancing the need for efficient service. Findings inform program scalability beyond COVID-19 and emphasize the value of stepped-care intervention in delivering and monitoring mental health treatment.
Foreign ideas, domestic problems, and institutional change: The role of legal professionals
Authors: Trombini Maria Eugenia , Valarini Elizangela 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This article investigates how ideas shared by a professional group are promoting institutional change. Using a unique dataset of interviews and the qualitative method collective mindset analysis (CMA), the thinking patterns of Brazilian legal professionals related to how to counter corruption were reconstructed. We identified two general types of thinking among people working in anti-corruption: a local- and abroad-oriented mindset, with the majority of the group thinking that domestic deficiencies should be remedied by imitating foreign solutions tested in the ‘developed’ world. Our findings contribute to the existing literature on organizational institutionalism and discuss the effect of ideas in a professional field.
Comparison of Unit-Level Small Area Estimation Modeling Approaches for Survey Data Under Informative Sampling
Authors: Parker Paul A , Janicki Ryan , Holan Scott H 
Published: June 2023

AbstractUnit-level modeling strategies offer many advantages relative to the area-level models that are most often used in the context of small area estimation. For example, unit-level models aggregate naturally, allowing for estimates at any desired resolution, and also offer greater precision in many cases. We compare a variety of the methods available in the literature related to unit-level modeling for small area estimation. Specifically, to provide insight into the differences between methods, we conduct a simulation study that compares several of the general approaches. In addition, the methods used for simulation are further illustrated through an application to the American Community Survey.
Depression and Differential Oral Health Status Among U.S. Adults With and Without Prior Active Duty Service in the U.S. Military, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011-2018
Authors: Ryan J Brett , Scott Thayer E , McDonough Robert E , Kaye Elizabeth K , Schindler David K 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Veterans suffer from lower overall well-being than non-veterans because of their unique life course. This study aims to compare the impact of depression on oral health for veteran and non-veteran populations.

Materials and Methods
Data from 11,693 adults (18+) participating in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2011-2018) were analyzed. The outcome variables were dichotomous (at/above mean) decayed, missing, and filled teeth due to caries (DMFT), as well as the components, namely, missing teeth, filled teeth (FT), and decayed teeth (DT). The primary predictor variable combined depression screening outcome and veteran status (veteran/depressed, veteran/not depressed, non-veteran/depressed, and non-veteran/not depressed). Covariates included socioeconomic factors, demographics, wellness factors, and oral health–related habits. Associations between outcome and predictor variables were assessed with a fully adjusted logistic regression analysis.

Results
Veterans, regardless of depression status, had more DMFT, FT, missing teeth, and DT compared to non-veterans. After controlling for covariates, veterans suffering from depression had higher odds of DT (1.5, 95% CI, 1.0-2.4) compared to non-veterans without depression. In general, veterans who screened negative for depression had better oral health compared to all groups, with lower odds of DT (0.7, 95% CI, 0.6-0.9) and higher odds of FT (1.4, 95% CI, 1.1-1.7) compared to non-veterans with and without depression.

Conclusions
This study found that not only veterans have higher odds of overall caries experience, but also veterans suffering from depression have higher odds of active caries compared to non-depressed veterans. Most veterans lack Veterans Health Administration dental benefits and face challenges maintaining oral health on top of medical and mental health burdens. Our results add further urgency to increasing dental care access for this vulnerable population because of the exacerbation of unmet oral health care needs attributable to the additional mental health challenges veterans face.
Validation of the international IgA nephropathy prediction tool in a French cohort beyond 10 years after diagnosis
Authors: Bon Grégoire , Jullien Perrine , Masson Ingrid , Sauron Catherine , Dinic Miriana , Claisse Guillaume , Pelaez Alicia , Thibaudin Damien , Mohey Hesham , Alamartine Eric , Mariat Christophe , Maillard Nicolas 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction
The International IgA Nephropathy Network developed a tool (IINN-PT) for predicting the risk of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) or a 50% decline in the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). We aimed to validate this tool in a French cohort with longer follow-up than previously published validation studies.

Methods
The predicted survival of patients with biopsy-proven immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) from the Saint Etienne University Hospital cohort was computed with IINN-PT models with or without ethnicity. The primary outcome was the occurrence of either ESRD or a 50% decline in eGFR. The models’ performances were evaluated through c-statistics, discrimination and calibration analysis.

Results
There were 473 patients with biopsy-proven IgAN, with a median follow-up of 12.4 years. Models with and without ethnicity showed areas under the curve (95% confidence interval) of 0.817 (0.765; 0.869) and 0.833 (0.791; 0.875) and R2D of 0.28 and 0.29, respectively, and an excellent discrimination of groups of increasing predicted risk (P &lt; .001). The calibration analysis was good for both models up to 15 years after diagnosis. The model without ethnicity exhibited a mathematical issue of survival function after 15 years.

Discussion
The IINN-PT provided good performances even after 10 years post-biopsy as showed by our study based on a cohort with a longer follow-up than previous cohorts (12.4 versus &lt;6 years). The model without ethnicity exhibited better performances up to 15 years but became aberrant beyond this point due to a mathematical issue affecting the survival function. Our study sheds light on the usefulness of integrating ethnicity as a covariable for prediction of IgAN course.
Neoadjuvant Talazoparib in Patients With Germline BRCA1/2 Mutation-Positive, Early-Stage Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: Results of a Phase II Study
Authors: Litton Jennifer K , Beck J Thaddeus , Jones Jason M , Andersen Jay , Blum Joanne L , Mina Lida A , Brig Raymond , Danso Michael , Yuan Yuan , Abbattista Antonello , Noonan Kay , Niyazov Alexander , Chakrabarti Jayeta , Czibere Akos , Symmans William F , Telli Melinda L 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background
The undetermined efficacy of the current standard-of-care neoadjuvant treatment, anthracycline/platinum-based chemotherapy, in patients with early-stage triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and germline BRCA mutations emphasizes the need for biomarker-targeted treatment, such as poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors, in this setting. This phase II, single-arm, open-label study evaluated the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant talazoparib in patients with germline BRCA1/2-mutated early-stage TNBC.

Patients and Methods
Patients with germline BRCA1/2-mutated early-stage TNBC received talazoparib 1 mg once daily for 24 weeks (0.75 mg for moderate renal impairment) followed by surgery. The primary endpoint was pathologic complete response (pCR) by independent central review (ICR). Secondary endpoints included residual cancer burden (RCB) by ICR. Safety and tolerability of talazoparib and patient-reported outcomes were assessed.

Results
Of 61 patients, 48 received ≥80% talazoparib doses, underwent surgery, and were assessed for pCR or progressed before pCR assessment and considered nonresponders. pCR rate was 45.8% (95% confidence interval [CI], 32.0%-60.6%) and 49.2% (95% CI, 36.7%-61.6%) in the evaluable and intent-to-treat (ITT) population, respectively. RCB 0/I rate was 45.8% (95% CI, 29.4%-63.2%) and 50.8% (95% CI, 35.5%-66.0%) in the evaluable and ITT population, respectively. Treatment-related adverse events (TRAE) were reported in 58 (95.1%) patients. Most common grade 3 and 4 TRAEs were anemia (39.3%) and neutropenia (9.8%). There was no clinically meaningful detriment in quality of life. No deaths occurred during the reporting period; 2 deaths due to progressive disease occurred during long-term follow-up (&gt;400 days after first dose).

Conclusions
Neoadjuvant talazoparib monotherapy was active despite pCR rates not meeting the prespecified threshold; these rates were comparable to those observed with combination anthracycline- and taxane-based chemotherapy regimens. Talazoparib was generally well tolerated.

ClinicalTrials.gov identifier
NCT03499353
Childhood Adversity and Emerging Psychotic Experiences: A Network Perspective
Authors: Qiao Zhiling , Lafit Ginette , Lecei Aleksandra , Achterhof Robin , Kirtley Olivia J , Hiekkaranta Anu P , Hagemann Noëmi , Hermans Karlijn S F M , Boets Bart , Reininghaus Ulrich , Myin-Germeys Inez , van Winkel Ruud 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackground and HypothesisChildhood adversity is associated with a myriad of psychiatric symptoms, including psychotic experiences (PEs), and with multiple psychological processes that may all mediate these associations.Study DesignUsing a network approach, the present study examined the complex interactions between childhood adversity, PEs, other psychiatric symptoms, and multiple psychological mediators (ie, activity-related and social stress, negative affect, loneliness, threat anticipation, maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation, attachment insecurity) in a general population, adolescent sample (n = 865, age 12–20, 67% female).Study ResultsCentrality analyses revealed a pivotal role of depression, anxiety, negative affect, and loneliness within the network and a bridging role of threat anticipation between childhood adversity and maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation. By constructing shortest path networks, we found multiple existing paths between different categories of childhood adversity and PEs, with symptoms of general psychopathology (ie, anxiety, hostility, and somatization) as the main connective component. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness and stability of the networks. Longitudinal analysis in a subsample with Wave 2 data (n = 161) further found that variables with higher centrality (ie, depression, negative affect, and loneliness) better predicted follow-up PEs.ConclusionsPathways linking childhood adversity to PEs are complex, with multifaceted psychological and symptom-symptom interactions. They underscore the transdiagnostic, heterotypic nature of mental ill-health in young people experiencing PEs, in agreement with current clinical recommendations.
Bringing the Walk with Ease Programme to the UK: a mixed-methods study to assess the relevance, acceptability, and feasibility of implementation for people with arthritis and musculoskeletal conditions
Authors: Martin Kathryn R , Stelfox Kevin , Macfarlane Gary J , McNamee Paul , Morrison Zoe , Smith Toby O 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Developed in the United States (US), Walk With Ease (WWE) is a popular evidence-based, 6-week community walking programme for adults with arthritis, delivered in either an instructor-led or self-directed format. While WWE has expanded into communities across the USA, it is relatively unknown in other countries across the globe. This study, in collaboration with community and patient partners, aimed to examine the relevance, acceptability and feasibility of introducing WWE into a UK context. After initial cultural adaptation, participants were recruited into the study. Eligible (≥18 years, doctor diagnosed arthritis (confirmed or self-report), self-reported joint symptoms in last 30 days, BMI ≥25 kg/m2, and &lt;150 min/week of moderate/vigorous PA) and consented participants were randomized into two groups: WWE programme or usual care. A mixed-methods analysis approach integrated quantitative data (physical performance assessment; baseline and post-six week programme questionnaire) and qualitative data (narrative interviews exploring participants’ pre- and post-WWE experiences and stakeholders’ perceptions). Of 149 participants, the majority were women (70%) aged ≥60 years (76%). Among the 97 receiving the programme, 52 chose instructor-led; 45 chose self-directed. Participants found WWE relevant and acceptable—99% indicating they would recommend WWE to family/friends. Within both WWE formats, mixed differences representing improvement were observed at 6 weeks from baseline for physical performance and arthritis symptoms. Emergent themes included improved motivation, health, and social well-being. WWE is a relevant and acceptable walking programme with scope for wider implementation to support UK health and well-being policy strategies.
The feasibility of novel point-of-care diagnostics for febrile illnesses at health centres in Southeast Asia: a mixed-methods study
Authors: Adella Fidelis Jacklyn , Vanna Moul , Adhikari Bipin , Ol Sam , Tripura Rupam , Davoeung Chan , Callery James J , Sovann Yok , Chandna Arjun , Bunreth Voeunrung , Asnong Carina , von Seidlein Lorenz , Dondorp Arjen M , Maude Richard J , Lubell Yoel , Wills Bridget , Lek Dysoley , Peto Thomas J 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT

Background
The decline of malaria in Southeast Asia means other causes of fever are increasingly relevant, but often undiagnosed. The objective of this study was to assess the feasibility of point-of-care tests to diagnose acute febrile illnesses in primary care settings.

Methods
A mixed-methods study was conducted at nine rural health centres in western Cambodia. Workshops introduced health workers to the STANDARD(TM) Q Dengue Duo, STANDARD(TM) Q Malaria/CRP Duo and a multiplex biosensor detecting antibodies and/or antigens of eight pathogens. Sixteen structured observation checklists assessed users’ performances and nine focus group discussions explored their opinions.

Results
All three point-of-care tests were performed well under assessment, but sample collection was difficult for the dengue test. Respondents expressed that the diagnostics were useful and could be integrated into routine clinical care, but were not as convenient to perform as standard malaria rapid tests. Health workers recommended that the most valued point-of-care tests would directly inform clinical management (e.g. a decision to refer a patient or to provide/withhold antibiotics).

Conclusions
Deployment of new point-of-care tests to health centres could be feasible and acceptable if they are user-friendly, selected for locally circulating pathogens and are accompanied by disease-specific education and simple management algorithms.
Evaluation of Stagonospora Nodorum Blotch Severity and Parastagonospora nodorum Population Structure and Genetic Diversity Across Multiple Locations and Wheat Varieties in Virginia
Authors: Kaur Navjot , Mehl Hillary L. , Langston David , Haak David C. 
Published: June 2023

Parastagonospora nodorum is a necrotrophic pathogen that causes Stagonospora nodorum blotch (SNB) in wheat. Wheat varieties grown in Virginia vary in susceptibility to SNB, and the severity of SNB varies across locations and years. However, the impacts of wheat genetic backgrounds and environments on SNB severity and the structure of P. nodorum populations in the region have not been well studied. Thus, a population genetic study was conducted utilizing P. nodorum isolates collected from different wheat varieties and locations in Virginia. A total of 320 isolates were collected at seven locations over 2 years from five wheat varieties. Isolates were genotyped using multilocus simple sequence repeat markers, and necrotrophic effector (NE) and mating type genes were amplified using gene-specific primers. Wheat varieties varied in susceptibility to SNB, but site-specific environmental conditions were the primary drivers of disease severity. Fungal populations were genetically diverse, but no genetic subdivision was observed among locations or varieties. The ratio of the two mating type idiomorphs was not significantly different from 1:1, consistent with the P. nodorum population undergoing sexual reproduction. Three major NE genes were detected within the P. nodorum population, but not with equal frequency. However, NE gene profiles were similar for groups of isolates originating from different varieties, suggesting that wheat genetic backgrounds do not differentially select for NEs. There was no evidence of population structure among P. nodorum populations in Virginia and, thus, no support for wheat genetic backgrounds shaping these populations. Finally, although varieties only exhibited moderate resistance to SNB, current levels of resistance are likely to be durable over time and remain a useful tool for integrated management of SNB in the region. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .