bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Report of the WFNS Global Relations Committee
Authors: Boop Frederick , Shlobin Nathan A. 
Published: May 2023

Thank you for the opportunity to serve on this committee. It appears the WFNS has assembled an all-star cast of neurosurgeons interested in Global Neurosurgery. I am honored to serve as External Relations Lead. Listed below are a few examples of projects the group is working on that fit with your deliverables (specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, time-based). I look forward to learning of other initiatives from the group as we develop synergies moving forward.

It was noted that both the WFNS and the ISPN have Education Committees who produce educational courses either virtually or in person in various LMICs several times per year. I have spoken to President Oyesiku and Kenon Arnautovic, the Chair of Chairs, suggesting that rather than having two parallel processes performing the same task, that we consolidate these committees and have the ISPN serve as the Pediatric Neurosurgery Education Committee for the WFNS hence forth. Typically, in the past, the Committee chairs have been ISPN members. Both Nelson and Kenon have voiced agreement to that arrangement. Since the ISPN is already an international society with 530 members from around the globe, this should be acceptable without the ISPN having to “join” the WFNS. The agreement was that if any course produced a financial profit, those monies would be divided equally between the WFNS and the ISPN. To date, the ISPN has underwritten the costs of plane tickets for the speakers at these meetings, although the courses have all been virtual since the COVID pandemic. The local hosts have covered the costs of hotel, meals, etc. once the speakers are on location. To date I am not aware of any of these courses that have generated a financial profit. Obviously, the marketing and presentations at these teaching courses would be co-branded.
تقييم أداء المصارف التجارية باستخدام نموذج CAMEL دراسة تطبيقية علي عينة من المصارف البحرينية خلال الفترة (2013-2020)
Authors: سعد محمد علي بلقاسم , يحي سالم احمد محمد 
Published: May 2023

تهدف الدراسة لاستخدام نموذج "CAMEL" في تقييم الأداء المالي لعينة من المصارف التجارية البحرينية حيت تم الاعتماد على تجميع البيانات من خلال التقارير المالية السنوية للمصارف البحرينية لاستخدامها لحساب بعض النسب الهامة لتقييم أداء المصارف, واعتمدت الدراسة من خلال إتباع المنهج التحليلي خلال الفترة 2013--2020م. وذلك للوقوف على نقاط القوة والضعف فيها . ومن أهم النتائج التي تم التوصل إليها أن عدد المصارف المصنفة كأفضل أداء مالي (قوي) تمثلت في مصرف واحد فقط وهو (الخليج)، أما المصارف ذات الأداء غير المرضي تمثلت في مصرف (المتحد) أما باقي المصارف فاعتبرت مصارف ذات الأداء المالي المعقول، وفي ضوء نتائج الدراسة فإننا نوصي بالعمل علي إلزام تطبيق المصارف بمراجعة مستوي أداء عملياتها المالية والمصرفية من خلال تطبيق عناصر نموذج التقييم المصرفي بشكل مستمر ومراقبه أوضاع المصارف المتعثرة من خلال متابعة اتجاه النسب المالية التي تعكس نسب ملاءة رأس المال, القدرة على السداد وكفاءة الإدارة في تشغيل الأصول المتاحة و العمل علي تطوير آليات تطبيق مكونات نموذج التقييم CAMEL.
Incidencia de desnutrición crónica y factores asociados en una cohorte de niños menores de 5 años
Authors: Alulema Moncayo Andres Fernando , Vacas Paredes Karina Paola , Rivadeneira Maria Fernanda , Moncayo Ana Lucía 
Published: May 2023

Introducción: La desnutrición crónica es un problema de difícil erradicación con grandes repercusiones en la población infantil. En el Ecuador 1 de cada 5 niños menor de cinco años, presenta desnutrición crónica. El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar incidencia y factores asociados al desarrollo de desnutrición crónica en una cohorte de niños menores de 5 años durante un periodo de seguimiento de un año, en la provincia de Chimborazo, 2018-2019.
Métodos: Se realizó un estudio de cohorte prospectivo, con seguimiento de 2018-2019. La población estuvo conformada por 1228 niños, de los cuales se tomó una muestra de 138 niños. Se tuvieron en cuenta variables como la edad, sexo, ubicación geográfica, nivel socioeconómico, acceso a servicios de salud, servicios básicos y tierras, prácticas de alimentación, antropometría, desnutrición crónica, talla de la madre, infecciones, y parasitosis. Se calculó el Riesgo Relativo (RR) y sus respectivos intervalos de confianza al 95% usando modelos lineales generalizados (familia binomial).
Resultados: La incidencia de desnutrición crónica fue de 20,3%. Los factores asociados fueron: dificultad para acceder a los servicios de salud [RR: 4.87; IC 95%: 1.89-12.55]; y LME < 6 meses [RR: 3.44, IC 95%: 2.14-5.55].
Conclusiones: La incidencia de desnutrición crónica en menores de cinco años en la provincia Chimborazo es elevada; por lo que se precisa de intervenciones que garanticen el acceso a los servicios de salud y educación nutricional para eliminar este problema de salud.
Análisis de la Implementación del Proceso Oral por Audiencia en Materia Procesal Civil en Bolivia
Authors: Flores Olmos Daniel Renán , Cano Burgoa Liliana , Covarrubias Fernández María Belén 
Published: May 2023

En el Proceso Civil vigente en Bolivia la mayoría de los actos procesales son de manera escrita y solo algunos actos procesales son de forma oral, lo cual genera tardanza y lentitud en cuanto a la resolución de los casos que llegan a conocimiento de los juzgados. Por esta razón, en la actualidad es imperiosa la necesidad de realizar el estudio a detalle de la implementación de un Proceso Civil por audiencias, y determinar si Bolivia se encuentra preparada para afrontar un cambio significativo puesto que se debe tomar varios parámetros a considerarse como la estructura física para hacer posible las audiencias y en su caso establecer las acciones correspondientes para preparar al recurso humano. A partir de este estudio, se tendrá una mayor comprensión de los efectos, beneficios y requisitos para implementar de forma adecuada el proceso civil oral o por audiencia, además de que se contará con una investigación que servirá para entender los cambios procesales a seguirse con la introducción de la oralidad en los estrados judiciales civiles de Bolivia.
“Whole Play Complete, Only Waiting to Be Filled Out”: The Postmodern Hybrid of Why She Would Not by Bernard Shaw and Lionel Britton
Authors: Galant Justyna Laura 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
This article examines an unpublished manuscript by Lionel Britton, which includes an amplification (sensu Gérard Genette) of Bernard Shaw’s Why She Would Not. The extensive work of Britton, containing substantial paratextual material, Shaw’s five-scene sixteen-page typescript of the original play, and its extended version in four acts, is analyzed as an amplification enlarging the thematic scope of the original text, a postmodern work ahead of its time, and a manifestation of Britton’s main ideological principle of cooperation of minds in the service of human betterment.
Exploring the Barriers and Enablers to High Quality Clinical Placements in Physiotherapy at a Metropolitan Teaching Hospital Using an Implementation Science Approach
Authors: Hargreaves Joanna , Leslie Simone , Cottrell Michelle , Snoswell Ashlee , O'Leary Shaun , Window Peter 
Published: May 2023

Background: Indicators of quality in physiotherapy clinical placements offer opportunity to assess current practise. The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) provides a framework to identify barriers and enablers to guide tailored strategies for improvement. Aims: The aims of this study were to explore adherence to indicators of quality in a single physiotherapy department at a metropolitan teaching hospital, and to conceptualise the barriers and enablers to achieving quality in clinical placements in this context using the CFIR. Methods: A mixed-methods sequential explanatory study design was undertaken at a metropolitan hospital in Queensland, Australia. Stakeholder’s perceptions of enablers and barriers to meeting quality indicators in relation to current practise were assessed using a standardised survey (n=28), followed by focus groups and semi-structured interviews (n=19). Results: Three main themes were identified: (i) training in clinical education skills is essential but currently focuses on assessment, (ii) the clinical educator (CE) role is perceived as having low value, and (iii) opportunities identified to develop existing supports for CEs. Conclusion: Findings from this study have informed strategies implemented at the facility under study, which focus on increasing the perceived value of the CE role, engaging CEs in training as educators, and collaboration with university coordinators.
Rusça ve Türkçe Deyimlerde Renk Adları
Authors: BABATÜRK Leyla 
Published: May 2023

Renkler insanların dünyayı algılama yollarından biridir. Her dilde renkler belirli sözcükler ya da kelime grupları aracılığıyla belirtilir. Ana renk adları bir dilin temel söz varlığına girer ve özgündür. İnsan bilincinde renkler ile ilgili bilgilerin toplamı, mensup olduğu halkın renk algısını belirler. Bu nedenle renkler, her kültürde belirli kavramları simgeler ve sözel olmayan iletişimde önemli yer tutar. Renklerin bu işlevi kültürel boyutları ile ilgilidir. Dilde kullanılan renk adlarının işlevleri ve taşıdıkları anlamlar başka kelimelerle bir araya geldiğinde oluşturulan kelime gruplarında ortaya çıkar. Dolayısıyla renklerin kültürel boyutu ile dilde renk adlarının dilsel boyutunu birbirinden ayırarak incelemekte fayda vardır.
Mevcut makalede birbirinden farklı iki dil ile iki kültürde kullanılan ve renk adı içeren deyimler anlam bilimsel açıdan incelenerek benzerlikler ve farklılıklar tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Araştırmada betimleme, karşılaştırmalı analiz ve karma analiz yöntemlerinin yanı sıra anlam bilimde sözcüklerin derin anlamlarını incelemeye yarayan bileşenler analizi ve dağılım analizi kullanılmıştır. Yapılan araştırma esnasında hem Rusça hem Türkçe deyimlerde daha sık üç ana renk adının (siyah, beyaz, kırmızı) geçtiği, bazı renk adlarının (gri, turuncu, lacivert) Türkçe deyimlerde hiç kullanılmadığını, muhtemelen alıntılama yoluyla dillere kazandırılan deyimler arasında yapısal ve anlamsal eşdeğerliliğin mevcut olduğunu gösteren sonuçlara ulaşılmıştır.
Polyvinyl alcohol nanoparticles loaded with propolis extract: Fabrication, characterization and antimicrobial activity
Authors: Subaşı-Zarbaliyev Benazir , Kutlu Gozde , Törnük Fatih 
Published: May 2023

Background and Purpose: Propolis has high potential beneficial bioactive properties such as anti-oxidative, anti­microbial, and anti-tumour activities. However, the bitter taste and the insolubility nature of propolis in water lead to some limitations in their usage in functional food applications. Experimental Approach: Herein, we evaluated the effects of nanoencapsulation of propolis at the different concentration levels (0, 0.4, 0.8, 1.0, and 1.2 %) into the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanoparticles using the electrospraying method, on the structural, physical, antioxidant, antimicrobial and thermal properties. Key Results: The results revealed that the fabricated nanocapsules (PVA-NPs) obtained under optimal conditions had uniform size distribution and unstable particles with small particle size between 104-258 nm, a polydispersity index <0.317, and a zeta potential between -5 and +5 mV. The maximum encapsulation efficiency of PVA-NPs was about 25.32 % for 1 % of the initial propolis loading level. DSC thermal experiments showed an increase in the thermal stability of the propolis loaded PVA nanoparticles as compared to the neat PVA nanoparticles. The percent inhibition of DPPH radical scavenging activity of the nanocapsules was between 80 and 89 %. SEM analysis revealed that PVA-NPs had a spherical shape with a rough surface and were composed of long and thin fibres at nanometric diameters. FT-IR analysis showed that no indications of any chemical reactions were found between the constituents of the core and wall material due to their physical mixing. Antibacterial efficacy was evaluated by the Broth dilution method and PVA-NPs exhibited good inhibitory activity against S. aureus at low concentration ratios, whereas it had no inhibitory activity against E. coli O157:H7. Conclusion: PVA-NPs fabricated using the electrospraying technique can be used for the development of a new promising natural and bioactive agent in the food and pharmaceutical industry.
Iqamatu wa Batsu Shalah al-Jama’ah Fi Mushallah Bere’ Songai, Bungur, Potoan Daya
Authors: Supriyadi Moh. , Jalaluddin Ach.` , Yakin Nurul , Alimakki Moh. , Fauzi Moh. 
Published: May 2023

Prayer awakens people so that they are always aware that they are God's servants who must serve Allah SWT. Prayer has such an important place that it is used as a measure in Islam. This is in Islam, there are several types of prayer that are associated with certain times and moments, such as obligatory prayers, namely prayers which are divided into five times, Eid al-Fitr prayer, Eid al-Adha prayer, and so on, after the prayer there is still another prayer known as ba'diyah prayer, it shows the importance of prayer in Islamic teachings. Congregational prayers in Islam are very beneficial in increasing enthusiasm, equality and brotherhood, and can create bonds of love and mutual understanding among other Muslims. It aims to evoke a sense of togetherness.
Congregational prayer is highly recommended for every Muslim to get priority reward. Every Muslim will feel the wisdom of congregational prayer in himself in living his daily life as a human being. People who pray in congregation will also receive double reward compared to praying alone. The congregational prayer activities are not only carried out at home, prayer rooms, Surau or mosques but are also taught in different environments. Congregational prayers will be performed frequently, especially by children who are studying
Ultrasond Examination of the Scrotal Masses
Authors: BAYRAM M. Metin , YAĞCI Faruk , EKŞİ Zülküf , KOÇ Zafer , ERBAĞCI Ahmet 
Published: May 2023

The technique of real time ultrasound of the scrotum is described. The examination was performed on 50 patients and 15 normal males at the Medical Faculty Hospital of the Gaziantep University. Given the clinical diagnosis ultrasound proved reliable in almost all cases. In this study ultrasonography of the scrotum has been found to be the most useful method demonstrating testicular diseases.
The Preventative Knowledge and Experience of Anesthesiology Students with C-arm Fluoroscopy
Authors: Kaplan Betül , Avcı Sezer 
Published: May 2023

Objective: Long-term C-arm fluoroscopy exposes medical personnel to substantial radiation doses. Preventing this exposure requires protective equipment and radiation safety. This study examined anesthesia students' using fluoroscopy and preventive knowledge.
Methods: This descriptive and cross-sectional study included 139 Vocational High School Anesthesia students. The "Healthcare Professional Knowledge of Radiation Protection" scale and a 13-question survey collected data. The scale was designed with a Likert scale and three sub-factors. If the total and sub-dimension item average score of the scale is below 5, it indicates that the level of knowledge of radiation protection among medical personnel is low, and if it is above 5, it indicates that the level of knowledge is high.
Results: More than half of the students (59.8%) heard the radiation from the fluoroscopy device, the vast majority (82.7%) did not receive radiation protection training, 58.3% stayed away from the device while it was operating, and 70.5% stated that it is crucial to stay away from the device while it was operating. It was determined that there was a statistically significant difference (p<0.05) in the "Radiation Physics, Biology, and Radiation Usage Principles" sub-dimension of students who were male, in their second year of education, received radiation protection training, and offered reliable answers to a number of questions measuring their level of radiation knowledge. In addition, the research revealed a positive and highly significant correlation between the scale and its subdimensions.
Conclusion: Although the scale scores of the students who received radiation protection training and had a high level of radiation knowledge were substantially higher than those of the other students, the average score of the students was less than 5. This indicates that students have an inadequate understanding of radiation protection. To prevent the negative biological effects of radiation on the human body, it is necessary to conduct epidemiological research, educate health care professionals and anesthesiology students about the effects and processes of this radiation on human cells, and provide frequent training. Radiation, radiation's biological effects, and radiation protection should be included in health students' curricula.
Resiliencia e Intolerancia a la Frustración en adolescentes de AMBA, Argentina
Authors: Franco Paul , Fazio María Laura , Mustaca Alba Elisabeth 
Published: May 2023

Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo evaluar la relación entre la Intolerancia a la Frustración y la Resiliencia en 355 sujetos residentes en Argentina de 14 a 25 años (M=19.64, DE= 3.31). Se utilizaron la Escala de Intolerancia a la Frustración (EIF), la Escala de Resiliencia (ER) y un cuestionario sociodemográfico. Se hallaron correlaciones significativas inversas medianas y bajas entre la EIF total y ER total, y entre las dimensiones intolerancia emocional e intolerancia a la incomodidad (EIF) con autoeficacia y capacidad de propósito y sentido de la vida (ER). En cambio, intolerancia a la incomodidad correlacionó positivamente con evitación cognitiva. Las mujeres obtuvieron puntajes mayores en la EIF total (z= -2,06; p= .4, r= .11) y en intolerancia emocional (z= -3,48; p= .001, r=.18). En la ER los hombres puntuaron más alto que las mujeres en evitación cognitiva (z= -3,24; p=.001, r=.17) y en su total (z= -2,47; p= .01, r=.13). La edad correlacionó de modo inverso con intolerancia a la incomodidad (r=-.13; p< .05), y derechos (r= -.17; p< .01) y de manera directa con la capacidad de autoeficacia (r= -.12; p< .05). Además, a mayor nivel educativo, menor intolerancia a la frustración y mayor resiliencia. El presente estudio presenta evidencias que muestran que tener una buena capacidad resiliente se relaciona con tener una baja intolerancia a la frustración, ya que esta última puede influenciar en contra de una eficiente adaptación ante las adversidades.
A Student-Run Asylum Clinic to Promote Human Rights Education and the Assessment and Care of Asylum Seekers
Authors: Praschan Nathan , Mishori Ranit , Stukel Nicholas 
Published: May 2023

Tens of thousands of individuals flee human rights violations in their home countries and seek asylum in the United States every year. Less than 40% receive protective status, leaving many torture victims rejected. However, 90% of asylees receiving a medical-legal affidavit are granted asylum, although demand for medical evaluations far exceeds the supply of trained clinicians. By establishing asylum clinics at their medical centers, medical students and licensed clinicians can improve the probability of an asylee obtaining asylum, connect them to vital services, and train more clinicians in their area to address the demand for evaluations. Asylum clinics are also unique educational opportunities for students interested in global health, social justice, and human rights. They operate by pairing student volunteers with clinician volunteers to meet with an asylum seeker for an evaluation. The evaluation involves extensive history-taking, a psychological exam, and a physical exam to note consistency between objective findings and the clientâ€™s story. The volunteer team then drafts a medical-legal affidavit for use by the clientâ€™s lawyer in immigration court. There may also be post-evaluation follow-up and connection with healthcare or other social services. Students at the Georgetown University School of Medicine (GUSoM) established an asylum program in 2014, hosted two training workshops, and have begun accepting clientsâ€™ requests for evaluations. The GUSoM Asylum Programâ€™s operations (including organizational structure and logistics of evaluation), educational opportunities (including mentorship and global health competency), and goals (including increasing capacity for evaluations and further developing partnerships with local stakeholders) are detailed below.
Reducing Food Insecurity through Personalized Interventions at the East Harlem Health Outreach Partnership
Authors: Dembar Alexandra , Mell Anthony J , Hsieh Vicki , Chandrasekan Sandhya , Rifkin Robert , Thomas David C , Meah Yasmin S 
Published: May 2023

Background: An individualized food insecurity protocol is defined as a comprehensive process of screening and set of interventions designed around the specific needs of an individual patient including but not limited to such factors as work schedule, place of living, and forms of identification. The aim of this project is to identify whether an individualized food insecurity protocol reduces food insecurity in the patients seen at the East Harlem Health Outreach Partnership (EHHOP), a student-run, attending-directed free clinic in East Harlem.
Methods: Twenty-one patients who had screened positive for food insecurity in the past year were enrolled in the study. Pre- and post-intervention scores based on responses to a modified version of the United States Department of Agricultureâ€™s Six-Item Short Form of the Food Security Survey were recorded, compiled as aggregate data, and compared using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test.
Results: The results of this study demonstrate that an individualized protocol was successful in reducing food insecurity (p = 0.005). However, for certain groups, the protocol was not as effective, including patients with poor continuity of care and unstable living conditions.
Conclusions: These results showed that the individualized protocol was effective for many but not all participants. Patients may have compounding factors that require additional interventions to supplement this protocol. This protocol is low cost to implement and adaptable to other clinical settings.
Operational Model and Treatment Costs of a Student-Run Free Clinic Serving People Who Inject Drugs
Authors: Patel Hardik , Hinkes Samuel , Mathew Megan , Castillo Marcus , Serota David , Tookes Hansel 
Published: May 2023

Background: The student-run Infectious Disease Elimination Act (IDEA) Clinic serves people who inject drugs (PWID) by providing human immunodeficiency virus testing, hepatitis C virus testing, wound care, cutaneous abscess treatment, safe injection education, and basic health screening services. A primary goal of the IDEA Clinic is to prevent the progression of wounds and infections into more severe and costly illnesses. Here, we present the operational model and treatment costs associated with providing these services at the IDEA clinic.
Methods: Charts of PWID who received medical care at the IDEA Clinic over a 28-month study period were reviewed and the services provided are reported. Total costs were stratified into the cost of medical equipment, procedures, and medications.
Results: From October 2017 to January 2020, the total cost of supplies of the IDEA Clinic totaled $3,491.65. Over this study period, there were 291 distinct patient visits, which gives the clinic an average cost of $12.00 per visit.
Conclusions: The IDEA Clinic requires low per-patient operational costs to provide important medical services to a vulnerable population. The results of this study may be used to support the creation of more student-run clinics in other areas with a large population of PWID.