bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simulation of a ground-mounted prism in ABL flow using LES: on overview of error metrics and distribution
Authors: Xing Jin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe accuracy of wind loading predictions using Large Eddy Simulation (LES) is usually influenced by numerous model parameters, which can influence the obtained results. The validation of numerical simulations with traditional Wind Tunnel Test (WTT) is still an important task, necessary to increase our a priori knowledge of possible inaccuracies and set up mitigation strategies. In this study, LES is used to simulate the wind fields around an isolated model high-rise building, under seven wind attack angles and validated with WTT results. The influence of various settings and parameters on the model performance is studied. For the angle of attack showing higher inaccuracy, different mesh refinement strategies and turbulence models are tested. Results indicate that LES can accurately predict the mean and local maxima of the pressure coefficients for both perpendicular and skew wind attack angles, as well as reproduce global forces and their envelopes with very good accuracy. Conversely, pronounced errors are found in the prediction of the pressure coefficient standard deviation and the local minima. The highest deviations between LES and WTT are found close to the leading edge in correspondence of flow separations which are observed in WTT and not in LES for skew flows. The addition of boundary layer cells and the use of different subgrid models have very limited effectiveness in modifying the obtained results for the analysed case.
Antimicrobials in polymethylmethacrylate: from prevention to prosthetic joint infection treatment: basic principles and risk of resistance
Authors: Sabater-Martos Marta , Verdejo Miguel A. , Morata Laura , Muñoz-Mahamud Ernesto , Guerra-Farfan Ernesto , Martinez-Pastor Juan C. , Soriano Alex 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Excellent revisions about antibiotic-loaded bone cement (ALBC) have been recently published. In the present article, we review the principles and limitations of local antibiotic delivery in the context of recent advances in the pathogenesis of prosthetic joint infections (PJI), with particular attention paid to the potential association between ALBC and antimicrobial resistance.

Main body
Recalcitrance of PJI is related to the ability of pathogens to adapt to particular environments present in bone tissue and protect themselves from host immunity in different ways. Accordingly, delivery of high local antimicrobial concentrations using ALBC is needed. Most relevant clinical data showing the efficacy of ALBC for PJI prophylaxis and treatment are reviewed, and we dissected the limitations on the basis of the recent findings from animal models and suggested that aminoglycosides, in particular, could not be the best option. One of the major concerns associated with ALBC is the emergence of resistance because of theoretical prolonged exposure to low antibiotic concentrations. We summarize the mechanisms for the selection of resistant microorganisms, and we critically reviewed the evidence from animal models and clinical data from observational and registry studies and concluded that there is no evidence to support this association.

Conclusion
While waiting for better evidence from well-designed clinical trials, ALBC shows a beneficial effect as a prophylaxis in arthroplasty, and to avoid the colonization of spacers used for two-stage revision in patients with PJI. Experimental models and clinical evidence suggest the need to achieve high local antimicrobial concentrations to obtain the highest prophylactic and therapeutic effect. The current evidence does not support the risk of increasing resistance with use of ALBC. In the future, it is necessary to evaluate new carriers and different antimicrobials to improve clinical outcomes.
Single-stage revision for chronic periprosthetic joint infection after knee and hip arthroplasties: indications and treatments
Authors: Mu Wenbo , Ji Baochao , Cao Li 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSingle-stage revision for chronic periprosthetic joint infection has been introduced 40 years ago. This option is gaining more and more attention as well as popularity. It is a reliable treatment for the chronic periprosthetic joint infection after knee and hip arthroplasties when implemented by an experienced multi-disciplinary team. However, its indications and corresponding treatments remain controversial. This review focused on the indications and specific treatments related to the option, with an attempt to help surgeons to use this method with more favorable outcomes.
Personalised psychotherapy in primary care: evaluation of data-driven treatment allocation to cognitive–behavioural therapy versus counselling for depression
Authors: Bauer-Staeb Clarissa , Griffith Emma , Faraway Julian J. , Button Katherine S. 
Published: March 2023

Background
Various effective psychotherapies exist for the treatment of depression; however, only approximately half of patients recover after treatment. In efforts to improve clinical outcomes, research has focused on personalised psychotherapy – an attempt to match patients to treatments they are most likely to respond to.

Aim
The present research aimed to evaluate the benefit of a data-driven model to support clinical decision-making in differential treatment allocation to cognitive–behavioural therapy versus counselling for depression.

Method
The present analysis used electronic healthcare records from primary care psychological therapy services for patients receiving cognitive–behavioural therapy (n = 14 544) and counselling for depression (n = 4725). A linear regression with baseline sociodemographic and clinical characteristics was used to differentially predict post-treatment Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) scores between the two treatments. The benefit of differential prescription was evaluated in a held-out validation sample.

Results
On average, patients who received their model-indicated optimal treatment saw a greater improvement (by 1.78 PHQ-9 points). This translated into 4–10% more patients achieving clinically meaningful changes. However, for individual patients, the estimated differences in benefits of treatments were small and rarely met the threshold for minimal clinically important differences.

Conclusion
Precision prescription of psychotherapy based on sociodemographic and clinical characteristics is unlikely to produce large benefits for individual patients. However, the benefits may be meaningful from an aggregate public health perspective when applied at scale.
Louis IX and the Triumphal Cross of Constantine
Authors: Gaposchkin M. Cecilia 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis article examines the material and ideological meaning of the three relics of the True Cross acquired by Louis IX in 1241 and 1242, which were venerated, along with the Crown of Thorns, in the Sainte-Chapelle, as part of the broader project of building Capetian sacral kingship in the High Middle Ages. Although cross relics flooded Western Christendom after 1204, these three relics, acquired directly from the Byzantine emperor, were specifically associated with Constantine and Heraclius and their historic military victories against enemies of Christian empire. The article identifies one of the three relics, known to contemporaries as the crux triumphalis in Latin and the croix de victoire in French, which Byzantine emperors were said to have carried into battle, as a relic that Louis IX then brought with him on his crusade of 1249–50 to Egypt, in hopes of martialing its historic power against the infidel in battle.
Sertoli cells are the source of stem cell factor for spermatogenesis
Authors: Peng Yi Jacky , Tang Xinyu Thomas , Shu Hui Sophie , Dong Wenjie , Shao Hongfang , Zhou Bo O. 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
Several cell types have been proposed to create the required microenvironment for spermatogenesis. However, expression patterns of the key growth factors produced by these somatic cells have not been systematically studied and no such factor has been conditionally deleted from its primary source(s), raising the question of which cell type(s) are the physiological sources of these growth factors. Here, using single-cell RNA sequencing and a series of fluorescent reporter mice, we found that stem cell factor (Scf), one of the essential growth factors for spermatogenesis, was broadly expressed in testicular stromal cells, including Sertoli, endothelial, Leydig, smooth muscle and Tcf21-CreER+ stromal cells. Both undifferentiated and differentiating spermatogonia were associated with Scf-expressing Sertoli cells in the seminiferous tubule. Conditional deletion of Scf from Sertoli cells, but not any other Scf-expressing cells, blocked the differentiation of spermatogonia, leading to complete male infertility. Conditional overexpression of Scf in Sertoli cells, but not endothelial cells, significantly increased spermatogenesis. Our data reveal the importance of anatomical localization for Sertoli cells in regulating spermatogenesis and that SCF produced specifically by Sertoli cells is essential for spermatogenesis.
A Drosophila chemical screen reveals synergistic effect of MEK and DGKα inhibition in Ras-driven cancer
Authors: La Marca John E. , Ely Robert W. , Diepstraten Sarah T. , Burke Peter , Kelly Gemma L. , Humbert Patrick O. , Richardson Helena E. 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
Elevated Ras signalling is highly prevalent in human cancer; however, targeting Ras-driven cancers with Ras pathway inhibitors often leads to undesirable side effects and to drug resistance. Thus, identifying compounds that synergise with Ras pathway inhibitors would enable lower doses of the Ras pathway inhibitors to be used and also decrease the acquisition of drug resistance. Here, in a specialised chemical screen using a Drosophila model of Ras-driven cancer, we have identified compounds that reduce tumour size by synergising with sub-therapeutic doses of the Ras pathway inhibitor trametinib, which targets MEK, the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase, in this pathway. Analysis of one of the hits, ritanserin, and related compounds revealed that diacyl glycerol kinase α (DGKα, Dgk in Drosophila) was the critical target required for synergism with trametinib. Human epithelial cells harbouring the H-RAS oncogene and knockdown of the cell polarity gene SCRIB were also sensitive to treatment with trametinib and DGKα inhibitors. Mechanistically, DGKα inhibition synergises with trametinib by increasing the P38 stress-response signalling pathway in H-RASG12V SCRIBRNAi cells, which could lead to cell quiescence. Our results reveal that targeting Ras-driven human cancers with Ras pathway and DGKα inhibitors should be an effective combination drug therapy.
StARD9 is a novel lysosomal kinesin required for membrane tubulation, cholesterol transport and Purkinje cell survival
Authors: Sterling Felicity R. , D'Amico Jon , Brumfield Alexandria M. , Huegel Kara L. , Vaughan Patricia S. , Morris Kathryn , Schwarz Shelby , Joyce Michelle V. , Boggess Bill , Champion Matthew M. , Maciuba Kevin , Allen Philip , Marasco Eric , Koch Grant , Gonzalez Peter , Hodges Shannon , Leahy Shannon , Gerstbauer Erica , Hinchcliffe Edward H. , Vaughan Kevin T. 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
The pathological accumulation of cholesterol is a signature feature of Niemann–Pick type C (NPC) disease, in which excessive lipid levels induce Purkinje cell death in the cerebellum. NPC1 encodes a lysosomal cholesterol-binding protein, and mutations in NPC1 drive cholesterol accumulation in late endosomes and lysosomes (LE/Ls). However, the fundamental role of NPC proteins in LE/L cholesterol transport remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that NPC1 mutations impair the projection of cholesterol-containing membrane tubules from the surface of LE/Ls. A proteomic survey of purified LE/Ls identified StARD9 as a novel lysosomal kinesin responsible for LE/L tubulation. StARD9 contains an N-terminal kinesin domain, a C-terminal StART domain, and a dileucine signal shared with other lysosome-associated membrane proteins. Depletion of StARD9 disrupts LE/L tubulation, paralyzes bidirectional LE/L motility and induces accumulation of cholesterol in LE/Ls. Finally, a novel StARD9 knock-out mouse recapitulates the progressive loss of Purkinje cells in the cerebellum. Together, these studies identify StARD9 as a microtubule motor protein responsible for LE/L tubulation and provide support for a novel model of LE/L cholesterol transport that becomes impaired in NPC disease.
Simulation and objective structured clinical examination in learning to manage eclampsia in Morocco
Authors: Changuiti Omaima , Benfatah Mohamed , Marfak Abdelghafour , Mochhoury Latifa , Chebabe Milouda , Saad Elmadani , Hilali Abderraouf , Youlyouz-Marfak Ibtissam 
Published: March 2023

Background/Aims Eclampsia is a major cause of maternal mortality worldwide. Simulation is an innovative pedagogical method to teach eclampsia management, while objective structured clinical examinations are effective in assessing midwifery students’ clinical skills. This study’s aim was to determine the impact of simulation and objective structured clinical examinations in teaching eclampsia management, and explore students’ satisfaction and self‑confidence. Methods This repeated measures study involved 31 second year midwifery students who participated in an objective structured clinical examination before and after a simulation on eclampsia management, and evaluated their experience using the National League for Nursing student satisfaction and self‑confidence learning scale. Results The mean post‑simulation score was significantly higher than pre‑simulation (P<0.001). The students showed significantly high levels of satisfaction. Conclusions Joining simulation and objective structured clinical examinations is effective in teaching and assessing student midwives on the management of eclampsia.
Culture, traditional beliefs and practices during pregnancy among the Madurese tribe in Indonesia
Authors: Rachmayanti Riris Diana , Diana Rian , Anwar Faisal , Khomsan Ali , Riyadi Hadi , Christianti Dyan Fajar , Kusuma Rendra , Siswantara Pulung , Muthmainnah Muthmainnah , Bayumi Febrianti Qisti Arrum , Riswari Aninditya Ardhana 
Published: March 2023

Background Understanding cultural context is crucial to providing respectful maternity care. This study’s aim was to explore pregnancy culture, beliefs and traditions among the Madurese tribe of Indonesia. Methods This qualitative study was conducted in the Sumenep district. In-depth interviews and focus group discussions were held with 67 key informants: pregnant women, their family members, traditional birth attendants, and community, religious and traditional/indigenous leaders. Results The practices included fourth-and seventh-month rituals, pregnancy massage and behavioural taboos and suggestions. Conclusions Most Madurese tribe practices are harmless. Healthcare providers must appreciate and integrate prevailing traditional beliefs and practices with other efforts to reduce maternal mortality.
Two-photon 3D printed spring-based Fabry–Pérot cavity resonator for acoustic wave detection and imaging
Authors: Wei Heming , Wu Zhangli , Sun Kexuan , Zhang Haiyan , Wang Chen , Wang Kemin , Yang Tian , Pang Fufei , Zhang Xiaobei , Wang Tingyun , Krishnaswamy Sridhar 
Published: March 2023

Optical fiber microresonators have attracted considerable interest for acoustic detection because of their compact size and high optical quality. Here, we have proposed, designed, and fabricated a spring-based Fabry–Pérot cavity microresonator for highly sensitive acoustic detection. We observed two resonator vibration modes: one relating to the spring vibration state and the other determined by the point-clamped circular plate vibration mode. We found that the vibration modes can be coupled and optimized by changing the structure size. The proposed resonator is directly 3D printed on an optical fiber tip through two-photon polymerization and is used for acoustic detection and imaging. The experiments show that the device exhibits a high sensitivity and low noise equivalent acoustic signal level of 2.39  mPa/Hz1/2 at 75 kHz that can detect weak acoustic waves, which can be used for underwater object imaging. The results demonstrate that the proposed work has great potential in acoustic detection and biomedical imaging applications.
Michigan men’s diabetes project II: Protocol for peer-led diabetes self-management education and long-term support in Black men
Authors: Hawkins Jaclynn , Sengupta Srijani , Kloss Katherine , Kurnick Katie , Ewen Alana , Nwawkwo Robin , Funnell Martha , Mitchell Jamie , Jones Lenette , Piatt Gretchen 
Published: March 2023

Previous literature has indicated that Black men are twice as likely to develop type 2 diabetes compared to their non-Hispanic White counterparts and are also more likely to have associated complications. Furthermore, Black men have lower access to quality health care, and masculinity norms have been shown to hinder them from seeking the limited care that is available. In this study, we aim to investigate the effect of peer-led diabetes self-management education and long-term ongoing support on glycemic management. The first phase of our study will consist of modification of existing diabetes education content to be more appropriate for the population of interest, Then, in the second phase, we will conduct a randomized controlled trial to test the intervention. Participants randomized to the intervention arm will receive diabetes self-management education, structured diabetes self-management support, and a more flexible ongoing support period. Participants randomized to the control arm will receive diabetes self-management education. Diabetes self-management education will be taught by certified diabetes care and education specialists, while the diabetes self-management support and ongoing support period will be facilitated by fellow Black men with diabetes who will be trained in group facilitation, patient-provider communication strategies, and empowerment techniques. The third phase of this study will consist of post-intervention interviews and dissemination of findings to the academic community. The primary goal of our study is to determine whether long-term peer-led support groups in conjunction with diabetes self-management education are a promising solution to improve self-management behaviors and decrease A1C levels. We will also evaluate the retention of participants throughout the study, which has historically been an issue in clinical studies focused on the Black male population. Finally, the results from this trial will determine whether we can proceed to a fully-powered R01 trial or if other modifications of the intervention are necessary.
Trial registration: Registered at ClinicalTrials.gov with an ID of NCT05370781 on May 12, 2022.
HCV universal EHR prompt successfully increases screening, highlights potential disparities
Authors: Hack Benjamin , Sanghavi Kavya , Gundapaneni Sravya , Fernandez Stephen , Hughes Justin , Huang Sean , Basch Peter , Fong Allan , Fishbein Dawn 
Published: March 2023

Background & objectives
Screening for hepatitis C virus is the first critical decision point for preventing morbidity and mortality from HCV cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma and will ultimately contribute to global elimination of a curable disease. This study aims to portray the changes over time in HCV screening rates and the screened population characteristics following the 2020 implementation of an electronic health record (EHR) alert for universal screening in the outpatient setting in a large healthcare system in the US mid-Atlantic region.

Methods
Data was abstracted from the EHR on all outpatients from 1/1/2017 through 10/31/2021, including individual demographics and their HCV antibody (Ab) screening dates. For a limited period centered on the implementation of the HCV alert, mixed effects multivariable regression analyses were performed to compare the timeline and characteristics of those screened and un-screened. The final models included socio-demographic covariates of interest, time period (pre/post) and an interaction term between time period and sex. We also examined a model with time as a monthly variable to look at the potential impact of COVID-19 on screening for HCV.

Results
Absolute number of screens and screening rate increased by 103% and 62%, respectively, after adopting the universal EHR alert. Patients with Medicaid were more likely to be screened than private insurance (ORadj 1.10, 95% CI: 1.05, 1.15), while those with Medicare were less likely (ORadj 0.62, 95% CI: 0.62, 0.65); and Black (ORadj 1.59, 95% CI: 1.53, 1.64) race more than White.

Conclusions
Implementation of universal EHR alerts could prove to be a critical next step in HCV elimination. Those with Medicare and Medicaid insurance were not screened proportionately to the national prevalence of HCV in these populations. Our findings support increased screening and re-testing efforts for those at high risk of HCV.
The impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the outcome of acute ischemic stroke—A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Takács Tímea Tünde , Berki Ádám József , Böjti Péter Pál , Stang Rita , Fritz-Reunes Pablo Antonio , Schnekenberg Luiz , Siepmann Timo , Pintér Alexandra , Szatmári Szabolcs , Bereczki Dániel , Gunda Bence 
Published: March 2023

Background
Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is a common complication of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2) infection (COVID-19), but the prognosis of these patients is poorly understood.

Purpose
To explore the impact of COVID-19 on neurological outcomes in AIS patients.

Methods
A comparative retrospective cohort study was conducted in 32 consecutive AIS patients with and 51 without COVID-19 between the 1st of March 2020 and 1st of May 2021. The evaluation was based on a detailed chart review for demographic data, medical history, stroke severity, cranial and vessel imaging results, laboratory parameters, COVID-19 severity, hospitalization time, in-hospital mortality, and functional deficits at discharge (modified Rankin Scale, mRS).

Results
COVID-19 AIS patients showed tendency to worse initial neurological deficit (NIHSS 9 (3–13) vs. 4 (2–10); p = 0.06), higher rate of large vessel occlusion (LVO; 13/32 vs. 14/51; p = 0.21), had prolonged hospitalization (19.4 ± 17.7 vs. 9.7 ± 7 days; p = 0.003), had lower chance of functional independence (mRS≤2) (12/32 vs. 32/51; p = 0.02) and showed higher in-hospital mortality (10/32 vs. 6/51; p = 0.02). In COVID-19 AIS patients, LVO was more common with COVID-19 pneumonia than without (55.6% vs. 23.1%; p = 0.139).

Conclusion
COVID-19-related AIS carries a worse prognosis. COVID-19 with pneumonia seems to be associated with a higher rate of LVO.