bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Consumer willingness to pay for farmed seaweed with education on ecosystem services
Authors: Bolduc Will , Griffin Robert M. , Byron Carrie J. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractKelp aquaculture in the US is expected to grow significantly in the coming years. While the market potential is substantial, increasing demand is widely seen as a key step towards realizing this potential. Recent work on restorative aquaculture practices has led to increased study and valuation of ecosystem services of kelp aquaculture. This study demonstrates the efficacy of education on ecosystem services of kelp aquaculture as marketing material for kelp end products. Through an online willingness to pay survey, this study found a significant increase in consumer willingness to pay for end products after a brief education on ecosystem services. Price point of the product, income, gender, knowledge of ecosystem services, and frequency of kelp product consumption were found to be significant predictors of the magnitude of change in consumer willingness to pay. Of the four major categories of ecosystem services, supporting services were reported to be most important to consumers. These findings can guide private and public organizations in marketing efforts to drive consumer behavior and to actualize the large potential of kelp aquaculture in the USA.
The Convergence of Positivity: Are Happy People All Alike?
Authors: Iliev Rumen , M Bennis Will 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMore than a century ago Leo Tolstoy noted that happy families tend to be more similar to each other than unhappy families. Was this just a cognitive illusion, driven by his mind’s predisposition to see positive entities as more similar to each other, or did he make a profound observation about the world? If it is true, is the phenomenon limited to happiness, or is it a characteristic of positive traits more generally? This question has received attention in multiple fields, but not in psychology. We ran five studies, testing the more general hypothesis that people who share some positive individual-difference trait are more alike than those who do not (The Convergence of Positivity Hypothesis), and we consistently found empirical support for it. Happier, healthier, and richer people were more alike in their personality, values, and in various other domains. The research approach we followed here departs from traditional behavioral science methods and proposes a different level of analysis, where valence and directionality play a central role. We speculate about why this pattern might exist and about the boundary conditions, including whether it extends beyond individual differences to a broader set of complex systems where positivity can be defined.
On the Polyhedral Homotopy Method for Solving Generalized Nash Equilibrium Problems of Polynomials
Authors: Lee Kisun , Tang Xindong 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThegeneralized Nash equilibrium problem(GNEP) is a kind of game to find strategies for a group of players such that each player’s objective function is optimized. Solutions for GNEPs are calledgeneralized Nash equilibria(GNEs). In this paper, we propose a numerical method for finding GNEs of GNEPs of polynomials based on the polyhedral homotopy continuation and the Moment-SOS hierarchy of semidefinite relaxations. We show that our method can find all GNEs if they exist, or detect the nonexistence of GNEs, under some genericity assumptions. Some numerical experiments are made to demonstrate the efficiency of our method.
To entrepreneur or not to entrepreneur? How identity discrepancies influence enthusiasm for academic entrepreneurship
Authors: Pattnaik Shashwatashish , Mmbaga Nick , White T. Daniel , Reger Rhonda K. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractRecognizing the commercial potential of university-based inventions and discoveries, legislators and administrators have called upon academic scientists to become academic entrepreneurs. Yet, few academic scientists appear enthusiastic about taking on entrepreneurial activities. The intrinsic reasons underlying the lack of enthusiasm are poorly understood. We extend the research by applying self-discrepancy theory to explore the role of future-oriented self and other guides on enthusiasm for academic entrepreneurship. Integrating self-discrepancy theory with social identity theory, we also examine the moderating effects of scientist identification and academic entrepreneur social identification. We test our model on a sample of National Science Foundation (NSF) funded academic scientists who participated in the Innovation Corps (I-Corps) entrepreneurship training program. We find academic scientists’ self-guides influence their enthusiasm for academic entrepreneurship, while interestingly, their other-guides do not. Additionally, we find that higher identification with a scientist identity enhances the positive effect of the self-guide on entrepreneurial enthusiasm while higher identification with an academic entrepreneur identity attenuates the positive effect. Our paper contributes to the academic entrepreneurship literature by developing and testing a framework that integrates self-discrepancy theory with social identity theory for a nuanced understanding of academic scientists’ thought processes regarding engagement in entrepreneurial activities. Our study has implications for research policy by suggesting a way that universities can identify candidates for academic entrepreneurship activities.
A semi-analytical approach to sensitivity analysis with flexible multibody dynamics of a morphing forward wing section
Authors: Gufler Veit , Wehrle Erich , Achleitner Johannes , Vidoni Renato 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn the present paper, semi-analytical design sensitivity analysis of a morphing forward wing section modeled as a flexible multibody system is developed. The flexible multibody dynamics model consists of a flexible external wing skin and an actuation mechanism with rigid bodies. The floating frame of reference formulation is used for the formulation of the equations of motion, while time integration is carried out with the generalized-$\alpha$
α
method and Newton–Raphson iterations for the nonlinear analysis. These steps are considered in both the primal analysis and the developed efficient design sensitivity analysis. The calculation of the design sensitivities is based on direct differentiation and carried out with a semi-analytical approach. The responses of interest include the deviations of the wing profile from the targeted morphed geometry and the resulting stresses in the wing skin. The design variables considered in this work are geometric parameters, material parameters and loading parameters. The calculations with the shown method provide reliable and accurate results combined with high computational efficiency. The visualization of the computed sensitivity values gives an easy interpretation of the sensitivities and facilitates the understanding of the design engineer on how to change the design variables to improve the design of the system. The introduced sensitivity analysis enables future investigations, including the application of the method to gradient-based design optimization and uncertainty analysis.
Contribution of high-frequency (T < 2 h) sea level oscillations to the Adriatic sea level maxima
Authors: Ruić Krešimir , Šepić Jadranka , Mlinar Marko , Međugorac Iva 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSea level time series of up to 17.5 years length, recorded with a 1 min sampling interval at 18 tide gauges, evenly distributed along the eastern and western coast of the Adriatic Sea (Mediterranean), were analysed in order to quantify contribution of high-frequency sea level oscillations to the positive sea level extremes of the Adriatic Sea. Two types of sea level extremes were defined and identified: (1) residual extremes which are mostly related to storm surges and (2) high-frequency (T < 2 h) extremes, strongest of which are meteotsunamis. The detailed analysis of extremes led to the following conclusions: (1) high-frequency sea level oscillations can dominate positive sea level extremes; (2) even when not dominating them, high-frequency oscillations can considerably contribute to extreme sea levels; (3) contribution of high-frequency oscillations to total signal is governed by a combination of bathymetry and atmospheric forcing, resulting in the strongest high-frequency oscillations over the middle Adriatic; (4) residual extremes mostly happen from October to January when they are also the strongest, while high-frequency extremes spread more evenly throughout the year, with the strongest events peaking during May to September; (5) tide gauge stations can be divided into three distinct groups depending on the characteristics of high-frequency oscillations which they record. Conclusively, both low-frequency and high-frequency sea level components must be considered when assessing hazards related to sea level extremes, implying that availability and analysis of 1 min sea level data are a must.
Use of accounting concepts to study research: return on investment in XSEDE, a US cyberinfrastructure service
Authors: Stewart Craig A. , Costa Claudia M. , Wernert Julie A. , Snapp-Childs Winona , Bland Marques , Blood Philip , Campbell Terry , Couvares Peter , Fischer Jeremy , Hancock David Y. , Hart David L. , Jankowski Harmony , Knepper Richard , McMullen Donald F. , Mehringer Susan , Pierce Marlon , Rogers Gary , Sinkovits Robert S. , Towns John 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis paper uses accounting concepts—particularly the concept of Return on Investment (ROI)—to reveal the quantitative value of scientific research pertaining to a major US cyberinfrastructure project (XSEDE—the eXtreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment). XSEDE provides operational and support services for advanced information technology systems, cloud systems, and supercomputers supporting non-classified US research, with an average budget for XSEDE of US$20M+ per year over the period studied (2014–2021). To assess the financial effectiveness of these services, we calculated a proxy for ROI, and converted quantitative measures of XSEDE service delivery into financial values using costs for service from the US marketplace. We calculated two estimates of ROI: a Conservative Estimate, functioning as a lower bound and using publicly available data for a lower valuation of XSEDE services; and a Best Available Estimate, functioning as a more accurate estimate, but using some unpublished valuation data. Using the largest dataset assembled for analysis of ROI for a cyberinfrastructure project, we found a Conservative Estimate of ROI of 1.87, and a Best Available Estimate of ROI of 3.24. Through accounting methods, we show that XSEDE services offer excellent value to the US government, that the services offered uniquely by XSEDE (that is, not otherwise available for purchase) were the most valuable to the facilitation of US research activities, and that accounting-based concepts hold great value for understanding the mechanisms of scientific research generally.
Stochastic variational inference for scalable non-stationary Gaussian process regression
Authors: Paun Ionut , Husmeier Dirk , Torney Colin J. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA natural extension to standard Gaussian process (GP) regression is the use of non-stationary Gaussian processes, an approach where the parameters of the covariance kernel are allowed to vary in time or space. The non-stationary GP is a flexible model that relaxes the strong prior assumption of standard GP regression, that the covariance properties of the inferred functions are constant across the input space. Non-stationary GPs typically model varying covariance kernel parameters as further lower-level GPs, thereby enabling sampling-based inference. However, due to the high computational costs and inherently sequential nature of MCMC sampling, these methods do not scale to large datasets. Here we develop a variational inference approach to fitting non-stationary GPs that combines sparse GP regression methods with a trajectory segmentation technique. Our method is scalable to large datasets containing potentially millions of data points. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach on both synthetic and real world datasets.
Extending existential feeling through sensory substitution
Authors: Saarinen Jussi A. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn current philosophy of mind, there is lively debate over whether emotions, moods, and other affects can extend to comprise elements beyond one’s organismic boundaries. At the same time, there has been growing interest in the nature and significance of so-called existential feelings, which, as the term suggests, are feelings of one’s overall being in the world. In this article, I bring these two strands of investigation together to ask: can the material underpinnings of existential feelings extend beyond one’s skull and skin? To begin, I introduce and adopt a componential-systemic view of extended affectivity. In doing so, I specify the vehicle externalist criteria for extension employed in my analysis. I then define what existential feelings are and pinpoint several key issues in their potential extension. More specifically, I identify sensorimotor ‘know-how’ as a possibly extending component of existential feeling and posit it as the fulcrum of my argument. Finally, I move on to consider the extension of existential feeling via sensory substitution, especially through so-called tactile visual sensory substitution (TVSS) devices. Informed by both philosophical and empirical studies, I argue that, under certain conditions, (a) the agent’s implicit sensorimotor processing and a TVSS device can become coupled into a new systemic whole, which in turn (b) reconfigures the material underpinnings of the agent’s preintentional world-experience. This, I conclude, counts as a cogent case for extended existential feeling.
Games with possibly naive present-biased players
Authors: Haan Marco A. , Hauck Dominic 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe propose a solution concept for games that are played among players with present-biased preferences that are possibly naive about their own, or about their opponent’s future time inconsistency. Our perception-perfect outcome essentially requires each player to take an action consistent with the subgame perfect equilibrium, given her perceptions concerning future types, and under the assumption that other present and future players have the same perceptions. Applications include a common pool problem and Rubinstein bargaining. When players are naive about their own time inconsistency and sophisticated about their opponent’s, the common pool problem is exacerbated, and Rubinstein bargaining breaks down completely.
Effect of varying recovery intensities on power outputs during severe intensity intervals in trained cyclists during the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Chorley Alan , Lamb Kevin L. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPurposeThe study aimed to investigate the effects of different recovery intensities on the power outputs of repeated severe intensity intervals and the implications for W′ reconstitution in trained cyclists.MethodsEighteen trained cyclists (FTP 258.0 ± 42.7 W; weekly training 8.6 ± 1.7 h∙week−1) familiar with interval training, use of the Zwift® platform throughout the Covid-19 pandemic, and previously established FTP (95% of mean power output from a 20-min test), performed 5 × 3-min severe intensity efforts interspersed with 2-min recoveries. Recovery intensities were: 50 W (LOW), 50% of functional threshold power (MOD), and self-selected power output (SELF).ResultsWhilst power outputs declined as the session progressed, mean power outputs during the severe intervals across the conditions were not different to each other (LOW 300.1 ± 48.1 W; MOD: 296.9 ± 50.4 W; SELF: 298.8 ± 53.3 W) despite the different recovery conditions. Mean power outputs of the self-selected recovery periods were 121.7 ± 26.2 W. However, intensity varied during the self-selected recovery periods, with values in the last 15 s being greater than the first 15 s (p < 0.001) and decreasing throughout the session (128.7 ± 25.4 W to 113.9 ± 29.3 W).ConclusionReducing recovery intensities below 50% of FTP failed to enhance subsequent severe intensity intervals, suggesting that a lower limit for optimal W′ reconstitution had been reached. As self-selected recoveries were seen to adapt to maintain the severe intensity power output as the session progressed, adopting such a strategy might be preferential for interval training sessions.
The relationship between fire severity and burning efficiency for estimating wildfire emissions in Mediterranean forests
Authors: Balde Bountouraby , Vega-Garcia Cristina , Gelabert Pere Joan , Ameztegui Aitor , Rodrigues Marcos 
Published: February 2023

AbstractForests are exposed to changing climatic conditions reflected by increasing drought and heat waves that increase the risk of wildfire ignition and spread. Climatic variables such as rain and wind as well as vegetation structure, land configuration and forest management practices are all factors that determine the burning potential of wildfires. The assessment of emissions released by vegetation combustion is essential for determining greenhouse gases and air pollutants. The estimation of wildfire-related emissions depends on factors such as the type and fraction of fuel (i.e., live biomass, ground litter, dead wood) consumed by the fire in a given area, termed the burning efficiency. Most approaches estimate live burning efficiency from optical remote sensing data. This study used a data-driven method to estimate live burning efficiency in a Mediterranean area. Burning severity estimations from Landsat imagery (dNBR), which relate to fuel consumption, and quantitative field data from three national forest inventory data were combined to establish the relationship between burning severity and live burning efficiency. Several proxies explored these relationships based on dNBR interval classes, as well as regression models. The correlation results between live burning efficiency and dNBR for conifers (R = 0.63) and broad-leaved vegetation (R = 0.95) indicated ways for improving emissions estimations. Median estimations by severity class (low, moderate-low, moderate-high, and high) are provided for conifers (0 .44 − 0.81) and broad-leaves (0.64 − 0.86), and regression models for the live fraction of the tree canopy susceptible to burning (< 2 cm, 2 − 7 cm, > 7 branches, and leaves). The live burning efficiency values by severity class were higher than previous studies.
A novel hyperspectral remote sensing tool for detecting and analyzing human materials in the environment: a geoenvironmental approach to aid in emergency response
Authors: Krekeler Mark P. S. , Burke Michelle , Allen Scott , Sather Barrett , Chappell Caleb , McLeod Claire L. , Loertscher Cynthia , Loertscher Seth , Dawson Claudia , Brum Jared , Fackey Debbie 
Published: February 2023

AbstractGeology is the backdrop against which environmental disasters, emergencies and conflict occur. A search and discovery tool is developed to aid in investigations, search and rescue operations, and emergency response operations. The primary goal is to provide a software tool for the interpretations of hyperspectral remote sensing images in the context of investigations and emergency response operations in a wide range of outdoor settings (e.g., streams, semiarid settings, urban). Data is also translatable to indoor forensic hyperspectral imaging and reflective spectroscopy work. Data was collected on geologic materials, human materials, and other relevant items by staff and the accompanying software tool was developed by L3Harris Geospatial. A description of the spectral search and discovery tool is provided and is a customized ENVI extension written using the IDL programming language designed to help users find custom targets within hyperspectral imagery. The tool is free of charge and can be accessedhere.
Binge eating, depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation in obese candidates for bariatric surgery
Authors: Aguiar Priscilla Vasconcelos , Dionisio Weslley Álex da Silva , Souza Ester Alana da Costa , Vantini Davi , Campanholi Raphael , Pinto Tiago Coimbra Costa , Ximenes Rosana Christine Cavalcanti 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of the present study was to determine possible associations between binge eating, depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation in obese candidates for bariatric surgery.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted with 254 obese patients recruited from the general surgery service for bariatric procedures at the hospital affiliated with the Federal University of Pernambuco, Brazil. Evaluations were performed using the Binge Eating Scale (BES), Beck Depression Inventory, Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation (BSSI) and a questionnaire addressing sociodemographic characteristics.

Results
Most patients were women (82%), 48% had a moderate binge eating disorder, 42% a severe binge eating disorder, 32% had symptoms suggestive of mild, moderate or severe depression and 6% had suicidal ideation. Severe binge eating was positively associated with depressive symptoms (p < 0.001) and suicidal ideation (p < 0.05). Cases of severe binge eating were more frequent in young adults, but not necessarily associated with symptoms of depression or suicidal ideation in this portion of the sample.

Conclusions
The present findings underscore the need for psychological and psychiatric follow-up of obese candidates for bariatric surgery using appropriate assessment scales to guide therapeutic approaches.

Level III
Evidence obtained from cross-sectional study.
Contamination and human health risk assessment of heavy metal(loid)s in topsoil and groundwater around mining and dressing factories in Chifeng, North China
Authors: Zhao Di , Wu Qiang , Zeng Yifan , Zhang Juan , Mei Aoshuang , Zhang Xiaohui , Gao Shuai , Wang Hanyuan , Liu Honglei , Zhang Yong , Qi Shuai , Jia Xu 
Published: February 2023

AbstractChifeng is a concentrated mining area for non-ferrous metal minerals, as well as a key prevention and control area for heavy-duty enterprises. This situation necessitates an effective ecological and human health risk assessment of heavy metal(loid)s driven by the wide distribution of metal ore processing, mining, and smelting factories in Hexigten Banner and Bairin Left Banner. We conducted surveys to assess the levels of heavy metal(loid)s (Cr, As, Pb, Cd, and Hg) in the topsoil and groundwater of the areas. The results indicated that the concentrations of As, Cd, and Pb in partial soil samples exceeded the environmental quality standards of Grade II. Based on contamination assessments, such as geoaccumulation indices and pollution indices, we inferred that Cd, Pb, and As were primary pollutants in topsoil. Potential ecological risks when considered as part of the average risk indices (RI) are up to 1626.40 and 2818.76, respectively, in the two areas. Comparative analysis revealed that Cd posed a very high potential ecological risk, followed by As. Moreover, the evaluation showed that the three exposure pathways of carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk followed a descending order: inhalation > ingestion > dermal contact, except for Pb. Arsenic in topsoil posed a potential non-carcinogenic risk to human health, while there were no adverse effects of As in groundwater. In addition, the average total carcinogenic risk for As in the two areas, as well as the risk of Pb in the topsoil of Bairin Left Banner and all the five heavy metal(loid)s in groundwater, exceeded human tolerance. Pb–Zn mines caused higher human health risks. In addition, the tandem contamination of heavy metal(loid)s in soil and groundwater was not obvious. This research study provides a basis for pollution remediation to control heavy industry-induced ecological and health risks of heavy metal(loid)s.