bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive review on sexual dimorphism to improve scalp acupuncture in nervous system disease
Authors: Wang Chaojie , Wang Jiening , Wu Xubo , Liu Tao , Wang Feng , Zhou Huanxia , Chen Chen , Shi Lijuan , Ma Lin , Liu Tiantian , Li Cancheng 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundWith the development of modern medicine, the Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) combined with western medicine began to be produced and applied. Scalp acupuncture (SA) as a Chinese medicine based on neurological theory, has a great advantage compared with TCM in the treatment of nervous system diseases.MethodIn this paper, we analyze the physiological and pathological manifestations of sexual dimorphism (SD) to illustrate the necessity of SD treatment. In addition, we review the factors that can affect SD and analyze in physiological structure, function, and pathological neurons. Diseases (pathological basis, pathological manifestations, and incidence) and factors leading to gender differences, which to analyze the possibility of gender differences in SA.ResultFurthermore, we creatively a new insight of SD‐SA and provide the complete SD treatment cases on the basis of the existing SA in different kinds of diseases including stroke, migraine, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and depression.ConclusionIn summary, we believe that it is feasible to improve the clinical effectiveness of SA, which is able to promote the development of SA, and then provides an actionable evidence for the promotion of precision medicine in the future.
Controlling the input: How one‐year‐old infants sustain visual attention
Authors: Mendez Andres H. , Yu Chen , Smith Linda B. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractTraditionally, the exogenous control of gaze by external saliencies and the endogenous control of gaze by knowledge and context have been viewed as competing systems, with late infancy seen as a period of strengthening top‐down control over the vagaries of the input. Here we found that one‐year‐old infants control sustained attention through head movements that increase the visibility of the attended object. Freely moving one‐year‐old infants (n = 45) wore head‐mounted eye trackers and head motion sensors while exploring sets of toys of the same physical size. The visual size of the objects, a well‐documented salience, varied naturally with the infant's moment‐to‐moment posture and head movements. Sustained attention to an object was characterized by the tight control of head movements that created and then stabilized a visual size advantage for the attended object for sustained attention. The findings show collaboration between exogenous and endogenous attentional systems and suggest new hypotheses about the development of sustained visual attention.
Clinical characteristics of people presenting with first episode psychosis pre‐ and during the COVID‐19 pandemic in KwaZulu‐Natal Province, South Africa
Authors: Paruk Saeeda , Ntlantsana Vuyokazi , Chhagan Usha , Tomita Andrew , Karim Enver , Thela Lindo , Burns Jonathan K. , Chiliza Bonginkosi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe COVID‐19 pandemic and the lockdown experience may have not only precipitated or exacerbated mental illness but also influenced access to care and the nature and content of the psychotic symptomatology of people with psychosis.AimThis study aimed to evaluate the association of the COVID‐19 pandemic and lockdown experience on clinical presentation and quality of life of people (QOL) with first episode psychosis (FEP).MethodTwo first episode psychosis cohorts from the same epidemiological area collected prior to, and during the COVID‐19 pandemic and lockdown were compared in terms of clinical symptomatology, substance use and QOL. All adult in‐ and outpatients with FEP at five clinical units in KwaZulu‐Natal, South Africa, aged between 18 and 45 years, were assessed with the MINI interview for psychosis, Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale, WHO Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) and the WHO QOL scales.ResultsEighty‐eight FEP participants were recruited between 2019 and 2020 (cohort 1) before the pandemic. Study recruitment was suspended in March 2020 due to the pandemic. On study resumption from November 2020 to November 2022, 95 new participants (cohort 2) were recruited. There were no sociodemographic differences between the two cohorts, except unemployment status (57% vs. 65%) and household income. The cohort presenting post‐COVID‐19 pandemic onset had significantly more positive psychotic symptoms (21.9 vs. 23.7), lower PANSS domain depressive score, more lifetime use of tobacco, cannabis and alcohol. However, they reported improved QOL (196 vs. 239).ConclusionFollowing the pandemic and lockdown experience participants presented with more severe psychotic symptoms and concomitant substance use but improved perceived QOL. This suggests the need to explore individual and social factors that may influence the clinical presentation.
Church Fellowship – An Ecumenical Model of Unity?
Authors: Raiser Konrad 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis article, by one of those involved in the process that led to the 1973 Leuenberg Agreement between Lutheran, Reformed, and United churches, considers the significance of the agreement and its methodology, often described as “differentiated consensus,” for ecumenical efforts aimed at church unity. The article begins by reviewing the Leuenberg Agreement against the background of other models of church unity and the significance of the aim of church fellowship or communion. It then reviews how the agreement stimulated theological conversations between Lutherans and Roman Catholics, and the contribution of the insights of the Leuenberg Agreement to the process of the mutual recognition of churches, in which the communion in Jesus Christ founded in baptism plays a central role. In this process, the churches are on a pilgrimage together whose ultimate goal is the coming of the kingdom of God.
Exploring the role of growth factors as potential regulators in psoriatic plaque formation
Authors: Boonpethkaew Suphagan , Meephansan Jitlada , Ponnikorn Saranyoo , Jumlongpim Onjira , Juntongjin Premjit , Chakkavittumrong Panlop , Wongpiyabovorn Jongkonnee , Morita Akimichi , Komine Mayumi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPsoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease in which growth activity is more prominent than inflammatory activity at the centre of lesional skin (CE skin). This growth activity is partly influenced by growth factors (GFs) that play an important role in cell growth and inflammation during the plaque development. In this study, we identified potential GFs in CE skin and predicted their regulatory functions and biological activity in mediating transcripts in the plaques. Samples of uninvolved skin (UN skin) and CE skin were biopsied from patients with psoriasis vulgaris for RNA‐sequencing analysis in order to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Our finding revealed that epidermal growth factor (EGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), platelet‐derived growth factor (PDGF) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) signalling were enriched by CE/UN skin‐derived DEGs. Additionally, several EGFR ligands, namely EGF, heparin‐binding EGF like growth factor (HB‐EGF), amphiregulin (AREG) and transforming growth factor (TGF)‐α, as well as TGF‐β1, TGF‐β2, vascular endothelial growth factor‐A, FGFs, PDGF‐B and HGF, were predicted to be GF regulators. The regulatory pattern and biological activity of these GF regulators on mediating the CE/UN skin‐derived DEGs was demonstrated. This study provides a novel hypothesis regarding the overall regulatory function of GFs, which appear to modulate the expression of the transcripts involved in inflammation and growth in the CE skin. In addition, some GFs may exert anti‐inflammatory effects. Further investigations on the mechanisms underlying this regulation may contribute to a deeper understanding of psoriasis and the identification of potential therapeutic targets for patients with psoriasis.
Land use diversification may mitigate on‐site land use impacts on mammal populations and assemblages
Authors: Kuipers Koen J. J. , Sim Sarah , Hilbers Jelle P. , van den Berg Stefanie K. , de Jonge Melinda M. J. , Trendafilova Krista , Huijbregts Mark A. J. , Schipper Aafke M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractLand use is a major cause of biodiversity decline worldwide. Agricultural and forestry diversification measures, such as the inclusion of natural elements or diversified crop types, may reduce impacts on biodiversity. However, the extent to which such measures may compensate for the negative impacts of land use remains unknown. To fill that gap, we synthesised data from 99 studies that recorded mammal populations or assemblages in natural reference sites and in cropland and forest plantations, with or without diversification measures. We quantified the responses to diversification measures based on individual species abundance, species richness and assemblage intactness as quantified by the mean species abundance indicator. In cropland with natural elements, mammal species abundance and richness were, on average, similar to natural conditions, while in cropland without natural elements they were reduced by 28% and 34%, respectively. We found that mammal species richness was comparable between diversified forest plantations and natural reference sites, and 32% lower in plantations without natural elements. In both cropland and plantations, assemblage intactness was reduced compared with natural reference conditions, but the reduction was smaller if diversification measures were in place. In addition, we found that responses to land use were modified by species traits and environmental context. While habitat specialist populations were reduced in cropland without diversification and in forest plantations, habitat generalists benefited. Furthermore, assemblages were impacted more by land use in tropical regions and landscapes containing a larger share of (semi)natural habitat compared with temperate regions and more converted landscapes. Given that mammal assemblage intactness is reduced also when diversification measures are in place, special attention should be directed to species that suffer from land use impacts. That said, our results suggest potential for reconciling land use and mammal conservation, provided that the diversification measures do not compromise yield.
Role of mantle carbonation in trench outer‐rise region in the global carbon cycle
Authors: Katayama Ikuo , Okazaki Keishi , Okamoto Atsushi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA nearly balanced carbon budget between subduction input and degassing output has likely controlled the long‐term surface environment and habitability of Earth throughout geological history. However, the ongoing extensive hydration and carbonation of the mantle in trench outer‐rise regions may affect the global carbon budget. In this study, we show that the carbon content of the lithospheric mantle can be inferred from geophysical data and thermodynamic modeling. Based on the seismic velocity anomaly in trench outer‐rise regions, we estimated that the total carbon flux due to mantle carbonation is 7–31 Mt C/year, with possible fluid‐to‐rock mass ratios of 250–1000. These values are similar to the carbon uptake by altered oceanic crust, indicating that mantle carbonation has a significant effect on the subduction carbon budget. Although there are large uncertainties on the estimates of the subduction and degassing carbon fluxes, secular cooling of the mantle leads to the development of outer‐rise faults associated with bending of the oceanic lithosphere and increased mantle carbonation, which may disrupt the self‐regulating system of the global carbon cycle on geological timescales.
Impact of splenectomy on circulating microparticles in patients with sickle cell anemia
Authors: Boulassel Mohamed‐Rachid , Al‐Rubkhi Khoula , Al‐Qasabi Jamal , El‐Ghamry Islam , Khan Hammad , Panjwani Vinodh , Qureshi Rizwan Nabi , Al‐Mamari Sahimah , Al‐Qarni Zahra , Al‐Kindi Mohamed , Al‐Nabhani Abdulrahman , Al‐Gharibi Khalaf , Wali Yasser , Pathare Anil 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntroductionCirculating microparticles (MP) are being described as potential biomarkers for disease activity in a variety of conditions including sickle cell anemia (SCA). However, relatively little is known about the influence of spleen status on MP levels in patients with SCA.MethodsUsing a prospective study design we characterize circulating MP in 144 patients with SCA in steady state by assessing their cellular origin and their relationships to spleen status defined by clinical and imaging findings. In addition, MP levels were studied according to demographic characteristics, clinical status, treatment modalities, and other hematological and biochemical parameters. Absolute plasma concentrations of MP were determined by flow cytometry.ResultsPatients with SCA displayed a 10‐fold increase in levels of MP derived from red blood cell (RBC) and platelets (PLT) when compared to their healthy counterparts (p < 0.0001). Splenectomized patients with SCA have more pronounced levels of MPRBC and MPPLT, and remained elevated after several weeks of follow‐up. Levels of MP were not significantly associated with spleen removal procedures, age, gender, clinical severity score, hydroxyurea therapy, hemoglobin F, and co‐existence of glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency.ConclusionCollectively, these results suggest that splenectomy affects circulating levels of MP regardless of the known SCA modifiers and correlates.
Supporting home‐based meal preparation improves lunchtime habits and self‐assessed work performance of interns at a tertiary hospital
Authors: Pham Alec , Dalkic Ahmet E. , Achan Kripa , Gibson Lauren , Limaye Sandhya 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThere is ample evidence that doctors frequently miss meals at work, which negatively impacts concentration, decision‐making and overall patient care. Junior doctors are particularly vulnerable given their heavy workload. We report on the impact of a pilot programme supporting home‐based meal preparation on the dietary habits and energy levels of interns at a tertiary hospital and demonstrate this is one strategy healthcare organisations can adopt to promote a healthier workforce.
The External Incentives Model Embedded: Evidence From the European Union's Eastern Neighbourhood
Authors: Buscaneanu Sergiu , Li Andrew X. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe external incentives model (EIM) proved highly compelling in explaining Europeanization and rule adoption in countries from Central, Eastern and Southeast Europe. Building on the EIM, the present article seeks to contribute along three key objectives. First, it proposes to re‐evaluate the EIM for the Eastern European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP) region: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Moldova and Ukraine. Second, the paper introduces a conceptual distinction between domestic transformation costs and regulatory costs. Third, it integrates and evaluates the EIM in a broader framework, incorporating domestic and alternative international conditions. The paper combines theory‐guided case comparisons and panel data analysis, based on a dataset with evidence collected from the Eastern ENP countries. The study corroborates the EIM and finds that higher domestic transformation costs lead to lower levels of democratic development and a positive cost–benefit balance of transformation, on the other hand, tends to encourage democratic consolidation in the Eastern ENP region.
Capturing Women's Standpoint in EU–Turkey Studies: The Evolution of Gendered Publication and Citation Patterns
Authors: Süleymanoğlu‐Kürüm Rahİme , Turhan Ebru 
Published: September 2023

AbstractStarting from the ‘gender problem’ in European studies, we scrutinize the gendered knowledge production patterns in a least likely case to be gendered, EU–Turkey studies, due to the overrepresentation of women in the field and its feminine image. We utilize feminist standpoint theory and apply research synthesis and citation analysis techniques to two original datasets comprising 300 articles in 26 Social Science Citation Index (SSCI) journals, published from 1996 to 2020 and involving 8494 citations. Our findings reveal that male‐dominated knowledge marks even EU–Turkey studies with men outnumbering women in authorships and an extremely limited number of articles focusing on gender, whilst ampler disparities transpire in first authorships and citations. Whilst women have progressively disrupted male‐dominated knowledge by surpassing male authorship numbers since 2014, engaging in greater theoretical sophistication and having a greater inclination to cite women, limited incorporation of women's standpoint hinders the field's potential to address gender inequalities and promote gender‐sensitive policies and development.
Conserved satellite DNA motif and lack of interstitial telomeric sites in highly rearranged African Nothobranchius killifish karyotypes
Authors: Lukšíková Karolína , Pavlica Tomáš , Altmanová Marie , Štundlová Jana , Pelikánová Šárka , Simanovsky Sergey A. , Krysanov Eugene Yu. , Jankásek Marek , Hiřman Matyáš , Reichard Martin , Ráb Petr , Sember Alexandr 
Published: September 2023

AbstractUsing African annual killifishes of the genus Nothobranchius from temporary savannah pools with rapid karyotype and sex chromosome evolution, we analysed the chromosomal distribution of telomeric (TTAGGG)n repeat and Nfu‐SatC satellite DNA (satDNA; isolated from Nothobranchius furzeri) in 15 species across the Nothobranchius killifish phylogeny, and with Fundulosoma thierryi as an out‐group. Our fluorescence in situ hybridization experiments revealed that all analysed taxa share the presence of Nfu‐SatC repeat but with diverse organization and distribution on chromosomes. Nfu‐SatC landscape was similar in conspecific populations of Nothobranchius guentheri and Nothobranchius melanospilus but slightly‐to‐moderately differed between populations of Nothobranchius pienaari, and between closely related Nothobranchius kuhntae and Nothobranchius orthonotus. Inter‐individual variability in Nfu‐SatC patterns was found in N. orthonotus and Nothobranchius krysanovi. We revealed mostly no sex‐linked patterns of studied repetitive DNA distribution. Only in Nothobranchius brieni, possessing multiple sex chromosomes, Nfu‐SatC repeat occupied a substantial portion of the neo‐Y chromosome, similarly as formerly found in the XY sex chromosome system of turquoise killifish N. furzeri and its sister species Nothobranchius kadleci—representatives not closely related to N. brieni. All studied species further shared patterns of expected telomeric repeats at the ends of all chromosomes and no additional interstitial telomeric sites. In summary, we revealed (i) the presence of conserved satDNA class in Nothobranchius clades (a rare pattern among ray‐finned fishes); (ii) independent trajectories of Nothobranchius sex chromosome differentiation, with recurrent and convergent accumulation of Nfu‐SatC on the Y chromosome in some species; and (iii) genus‐wide shared tendency to loss of telomeric repeats during interchromosomal rearrangements. Collectively, our findings advance our understanding of genome structure, mechanisms of karyotype reshuffling, and sex chromosome differentiation in Nothobranchius killifishes from the genus‐wide perspective.
Nurses' perceptions of point‐of‐care ultrasound for haemodialysis access assessment and guided cannulation: A qualitative study
Authors: Schoch Monica , Bennett Paul N. , Currey Judy , Hutchinson Alison M. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimTo explore nurses' perceptions of using point‐of‐care ultrasound for assessment and guided cannulation in the haemodialysis setting.BackgroundCannulation of arteriovenous fistulae is necessary to perform haemodialysis. Damage to the arteriovenous fistula is a frequent complication, resulting in poor patient outcomes and increased healthcare costs. Point‐of‐care ultrasound‐guided cannulation can reduce the risk of such damage and mitigate further vessel deterioration. Understanding nurses' perceptions of using this adjunct tool will inform its future implementation into haemodialysis practice.DesignDescriptive qualitative study.MethodsRegistered nurses were recruited from one 16‐chair regional Australian haemodialysis clinic. Eligible nurses were drawn from a larger study investigating the feasibility of implementing point‐of‐care ultrasound in haemodialysis. Participants attended a semistructured one‐on‐one interview where they were asked about their experiences with, and perceptions of, point‐of‐care ultrasound use in haemodialysis cannulation. Audio‐recorded data were transcribed and inductively analysed.FindingsSeven of nine nurses who completed the larger study participated in a semistructured interview. All participants were female with a median age of 54 years (and had postgraduate renal qualifications. Themes identified were as follows: (1) barriers to use of ultrasound; (2) deficit and benefit recognition; (3) cognitive and psychomotor development; and (4) practice makes perfect. Information identified within these themes were that nurses perceived that their experience with point‐of‐care ultrasound was beneficial but recommended against its use for every cannulation. The more practice nurses had with point‐of‐care ultrasound, the more their confidence, dexterity and time management improved.ConclusionsNurses perceived that using point‐of‐care ultrasound was a positive adjunct to their cannulation practice and provided beneficial outcomes for patients.Implications for the Profession and/or Patient CareHaemodialysis clinics seeking to implement point‐of‐care ultrasound to help improve cannulation outcomes may draw on these findings when embarking on this practice change.Reporting MethodThis study is reported according to the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ).Patient or Public ContributionPatients were not directly involved in this part of the study; however, they were involved in the implementation study.Trial and Protocol RegistrationThe larger study was registered with Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry: ACTRN12617001569392 (21/11/2017) https://anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=373963&isReview=true
Trajectories of discrimination among Chinese American youth: Variation, predictors, and outcomes
Authors: Wei Wei , Witherspoon Dawn P. , Kim Su Yeong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractUsing 3 waves of longitudinal data from 444 Chinese American adolescents (Mage = 13.04 at Wave 1, 54% identified as women), the current study explored if there was variation in discrimination trajectories from early to late adolescence and whether contextual and individual factors predicted trajectories as well as if trajectories were associated with academic achievement and mental health. Three distinct discrimination trajectories were identified: low‐increasing, moderate‐stable, and high‐decreasing. The results also revealed that neighborhood Chinese concentration and adolescents' acculturation predicted discrimination trajectories. Different trajectories were also associated with depressive symptoms; adolescents in the high‐decreasing trajectory reported higher levels of depressive symptoms in late adolescence than in the other two trajectories. The findings highlight the heterogeneity in Chinese American adolescents' discrimination experience.