bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and validation of a new model for the early diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis in adults based on simple clinical and laboratory parameters
Authors: Liu Qiang , Cao Meiling , Shao Na , Qin Yixin , Liu Lu , Zhang Qing , Yang Xiao 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background The differential diagnosis between tuberculous meningitis (TBM) and viral meningitis (VM) or bacterial meningitis (BM) remains challenging in clinical practice, particularly in resource-limited settings. This study aimed to establish a diagnostic model that can accurately and early distinguish TBM from both VM and BM in adults based on simple clinical and laboratory parameters.
Methods Patients diagnosed with TBM or non-TBM (VM or BM) between January 2016 and October 2021 were retrospectively enrolled from the General Hospital (derivation cohort) and Branch Hospital (validation cohort) of Ningxia Medical University. Demographic characteristics, clinical symptoms, concomitant diseases, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) parameters were collated. Univariable logistic analysis was performed in the derivation cohort to identify significant variables (P<0.05). A multivariable logistic regression model was constructed using these variables. We verified the performance including discrimination, calibration, and applicability of the model in both derivation and validation cohorts.
Results A total of 222 patients (70 TBM and 152 non-TBM [75 BM and 77 VM]) and 100 patients (32 TBM and 68 non-TBM [31 BM and 37 VM]) were enrolled as derivation and validation cohorts, respectively. The multivariable logistic regression model showed that disturbance of consciousness for >5 days, weight loss >5% of the original weight within 6 months, CSF lymphocyte ratio >50%, CSF glucose concentration <2.2 mmol/L, and secondary cerebral infarction were independently correlated with the diagnosis of TBM (P<0.05). The nomogram model showed excellent discrimination (area under the curve 0.959 vs. 0.962) and great calibration (P-value in the Hosmer–Lemeshow test 0.128 vs. 0.863) in both derivation and validation cohorts. Clinical decision curve analysis showed that the model had good applicability in clinical practice and may benefit the entire population.
Conclusions This multivariable diagnostic model may help clinicians in the early discrimination of TBM from VM and BM in adults based on simple clinical and laboratory parameters.
Assessment of Respiratory and Reproductive Impacts of Artisanal Refinery Activity on Male Albino Wistar Rats: Implications for Environmental Health
Authors: Suku Piety Godwill , Ugwoha Ejikeme , Orikpete Ochuko Felix , Ewim Daniel Raphael Ejike 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackground Artisanal refinery operations can produce a significant volume of air pollutants, among which are carbon soot particulate matter. Although these operations are widespread, especially in developing countries, the impact of exposure to carbon soot particulate matter on both respiratory and reproductive health remains poorly understood. Objective In this study, we aimed to examine the effects of controlled exposure to carbon soot particulate matter on the respiratory and reproductive systems of male albino Wistar rats. To simulate the exposure conditions found in artisanal refineries, we developed an experimental setup where rats were exposed to different concentrations of carbon soot particulate matter for 28 days. Results Respiratory health was evaluated by examining the cytoarchitecture of the lungs and quantifying inflammatory markers, including Tumour-Necrosis-Factor alpha (TNF-α), as well as oxidative stress parameters such as Malondialdehyde (MDA) and Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) in the lungs. Haematological parameters were also assessed. The reproductive impact was investigated through a thorough analysis of the cytoarchitecture of the testis. Conclusions Our study provides valuable insights into the health risks associated with exposure to carbon soot particulate matter, thus underscoring the urgent need for stricter regulatory measures to control air pollution in areas surrounding artisanal refineries.
Climbing Strategies of Taiwan Climbers
Authors: Chen Po-Hao , Chung An-Ching , Lin Hung-Chih , Yang Sheng-Zehn 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background: The climbing strategies of lianas and herbaceous vines influence climber competition abilities and survival. The aim of this study was to investigate the climbing strategies of each plant species and observe their organs of origin.
Results: The results showed that approximately twenty-one climbing methods, including nine combination types, were exhibited, of which the most common type wasthe twining stem, followed by simple scrambling and twining tendrils. Most species of Fabaceae and Apocynaceae were twining stems in dextrorse, excluding Wisteriopsis reticulata and Alyxia taiwanensis, which were in sinistrorse. Gentianales includes four families with seven climbing mechanisms, while Fabales includes only Fabaceae, which presented six climbing methods. Only Embelia laeta var. papilligeraexhibited a combination of the three climbing methods. The prehensile branch of Fissistigma genus, Ventilago genus, Dalbergia benthamii, and Lycopodiastrum casuarinoides originated from second-order or modified stems. In the simple scrambling type, most climbers primarily covered spines and prickles to attach to the host, and some species were, without speculation, clinging to the supports or creeping on the ground. The genus Uncaria was attached to its hosts by hooks or grapnels, which are derived from the branches.
Conclusions: The species Artabotrys hexapetalus forms a pair of curved hooks that originate from the inflorescence; it also becomes a spine to tightly attach to a host. The Calamus genus has sheathe-covered spines, flagella armed with anchor-shaped hooks, branches, and rachyllae covered with clawed spines. Some Piper species use adhesive roots to climb their hosts. Among the genus Trichosanthesin Taiwan, only Trichosanthes homophylla exhibits a combination of modified stems and adhesive roots. The data presented herein provide crucial basic information on climbing methods and origin structures for ensuring the conservation of their diversity.
Prognosis of low-risk prostate cancer patients is favorable despite the presence of pathological prognostic factors: a retrospective study
Authors: Semba Remi , Uchida Katsunori , Hirokawa Yoshihumi , Shiraishi Taizo , Onishi Takehisa , Sasaki Takeshi , Inoue Takahiro , Watanabe Masatoshi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Prostate cancer patients with pathological prognostic factors have a poor prognosis, but it is unclear whether pathological prognostic factors are associated with prognosis limited to low-risk patients with good prognosis according to NCCN guidelines. The present study examined whether prognosis is influenced by pathological prognostic factors using radical prostatectomy (RP) specimens from low-risk patients.
Methods
We evaluated diagnostic accuracy by examining biochemical recurrence (BCR)-free survival with respect to clinical and pathological prognostic factors in 419 all-risk patients who underwent RP. Clinical prognostic factors included age, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels, PSA density, and risk stratification, while pathological prognostic factors included grade group, lymphovascular space invasion, extraprostatic extension, surgical margins, seminal vesicle invasion, intraductal carcinoma of the prostate (IDCP), and pT. In a subsequent analysis restricted to 104 low-risk patients, survival curves were estimated for pathological prognostic factors using the Kaplan–Meier method and compared using log-rank and generalized Wilcoxon tests.
Results
In the overall risk analysis, the presence of pathological prognostic factors significantly shortened BCR-free survival (p < 0.05). Univariate analysis revealed that PSA density, risk categories, and pathological prognostic factors were significantly associated with BCR-free survival, although age and PSA were not. In multivariate analysis, age, risk categories, grade group, IDCP, and pT significantly predicted BCR-free survival (p < 0.05). Conversely, no statistically significant differences were found for any pathological prognostic factors in low-risk patients.
Conclusions
In low-risk patients, pathological prognostic factors did not affect BCR-free survival, which suggests that additional treatment may be unnecessary even if pathological prognostic factors are observed in low-risk patients with RP.
Successful complete oral rehabilitation of a patient with osteopetrosis with extensive pre-treatments, bone grafts, dental implants and fixed bridges: a multidisciplinary case report
Authors: Kelk Peyman , Fasth Anders , Holgerson Pernilla Lif , Sjöström Mats 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background:
Osteopetrosis is a rare hereditary bone disease resulting in bone that is denser, heavier, and more fragile. Bone remodeling is extremely inhibited because osteoclasts are nonfunctional or lacking. This condition causes overgrowth of bone with disappearance of the bone marrow, leading to aplastic anemia; obstruction of nerve passages in the skull leads to blindness and often hearing impairment. In most cases, osteopetrosis results in oral complications such as tooth deformation, hypomineralization, and delayed or absent tooth eruption. The only curative treatment is hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). The main treatment of the oral complications during childhood and adolescence consists in protecting the erupted teeth against caries disease through prophylactic treatment aimed at optimal oral hygiene through frequent regular dental visits throughout life. Many patients with osteopetrosis require major oral rehabilitation to treat complications of the disease. Improved results of HSCT increase the likelihood that dental professionals will encounter patients with osteopetrosis.
Case presentation:
In this case report, we show that individuals with osteopetrosis who have severe oral complications can be treated successfully if they are treated for osteopetrosis at an early age. The boy had his dental care in pedodontics, and regular multidisciplinary meetings were held for future treatment planning. At the age of 15, he was then referred for rehabilitation. The initial evaluations revealed no further growth in the alveolar bone. The rehabilitation was done stepwise, with extraction of malformed and malpositioned teeth. Initially, the patient received a removable partial denture followed by reconstruction of the width of the alveolar process, titanium implants, temporary fixed bridges, and finally screw-retained titanium–ceramic bridges with titanium frames for the upper and lower jaws.
Conclusions:
The one-year follow-up after loading indicated a stable marginal bone level and optimal oral hygiene as a result of frequent professional oral hygiene care. The patient showed no signs of symptoms from the temporomandibular joint and has adapted to the new jaw relation without any functional or phonetical issues.
Pearl shape classification using deep convolutional neural networks from Tahitian pearl rotation in Pinctada Margaritifera
Authors: Droit Arnaud , Edeline Paul-Emmanuel , Leclercq Mickaël , Luyer Jérémy Le , Chabrier Sébastien 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Tahitian pearls, artificially cultivated from the black-lipped pearl oyster Pinctada margaritifera, are renowned for their unique color and large size, making the pearl industry vital for the French Polynesian economy. Understanding the mechanisms of pearl formation is essential for enabling quality and sustainable production. In this paper, we explore the process of pearl formation by studying pearl rotation. Here we show, using a deep convolutional neural network, a direct link between the rotation of the pearl during its formation in the oyster and its final shape. We propose a new method for non-invasive pearl monitoring and a model for predicting the final shape of the pearl from rotation data with 81.9% accuracy. These novel resources provide a fresh perspective to study and enhance our comprehension of the overall mechanism of pearl formation, with potential long-term applications for improving pearl production and quality control in the industry.
Astrocytic cannabinoid receptor 1 promotes resilience by dampening stress-induced blood-brain barrier alterations
Authors: Dudek Katarzyna , Paton Sam , Collignon Adeline , Lebel Manon , Lavoie Olivier , Bouchard Jonathan , Kaufmann Fernanda Neutzling , Dion-Albert Laurence , Clavet-Fournier Valerie , Binder Luisa Bandeira , Manca Claudia , Flamand Nicolas , Guzman Manuel , Campbell Matthew , Turecki Gustavo , Mechawar Naguib , Lavoie-Cardinal Flavie , Silvestri Cristoforo , Marzo Vincenzo Di , Menard Caroline 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Blood-brain barrier (BBB) alterations contribute to stress vulnerability and development of depressive behaviors. In contrast, neurovascular adaptations underlying stress resilience remain unexplored. Here, we report that high expression of astrocytic cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) shell, particularly in the endfeet ensheathing blood vessels, is associated with resilience despite chronic social stress exposure. Viral-mediated overexpression of Cnr1 in astrocytes of the NAc shell has baseline anxiolytic effects and dampened stress-induced anxiety- and depression-like behaviors. It also reduced astrocyte inflammatory response and morphological changes following an immune challenge with the cytokine interleukin-6, linked to stress susceptibility and mood disorders. At the preventive and therapeutic level, physical exercise and antidepressant treatment increased perivascular astrocytic Cnr1 in mice. Loss of CNR1 was confirmed in the NAc astrocytes of depressed individuals. These findings suggest a role for the astrocytic endocannabinoid system in stress responses and possibly, human depression, via BBB modulation.
Plant functional traits shape cultural and provisioning services to Indigenous communities in western Amazonia
Authors: Steege Hans ter , Cayuela Luis , Matas-Granados Laura , Saadi Celina Ben , Salinas Norma , Torre-Cuadros María de los Ángeles La , Báez Selene , Bañares-de-Dios Guillermo , Cayola Leslie , Fadrique Belén , Farfan-Rios William , Fuentes Alfredo , Homeier Jürgen , Tello J. Sebastián , Macía Manuel J. , de Aledo Julia 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Functional traits have gained scientific support as a tool for understanding forests ecosystems and the goods and services they provide to human populations. Investigating how humans use and interact with plants based on their functional traits is crucial to support the long-term provision of plant-based ecosystem services. Here, we have adopted a large-scale approach encompassing nine different Indigenous communities across a latitudinal gradient of 1800 km in western Amazonia. We study the associations between nine different plant functional traits belonging to 1856 species and multiple cultural and provisioning services to support Indigenous communities in tropical ecosystems. We found that provisioning services, such as medicine, construction, and food, depend on multiple traits, and their selection is heterogeneous among communities. Cultural services, however, such as rituals, cosmetics, or recreational, hold more specific and tight relations with fewer traits. Their selection tends to be similar among communities, suggesting a possible functional selection convergence. Preserving traditional ecological knowledge is crucial for preserving biocultural well-being. Plant selection is not random, and functional traits can help us understand the current and past patterns of selection that have influenced the functional composition of Amazonian forests.
Plant functional traits shape cultural and provisioning services to Indigenous communities in western Amazonia
Authors: de Aledo Julia , Steege Hans ter , Cayuela Luis , Matas-Granados Laura , Saadi Celina Ben , Salinas Norma , Torre-Cuadros María de los Ángeles La , Báez Selene , Bañares-de-Dios Guillermo , Cayola Leslie , Fadrique Belén , Farfan-Rios William , Fuentes Alfredo , Homeier Jürgen , Tello J. Sebastián , Macía Manuel J. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Functional traits have gained scientific support as a tool for understanding forests ecosystems and the goods and services they provide to human populations. Investigating how humans use and interact with plants based on their functional traits is crucial to support the long-term provision of plant-based ecosystem services. Here, we have adopted a large-scale approach encompassing nine different Indigenous communities across a latitudinal gradient of 1800 km in western Amazonia. We study the associations between nine different plant functional traits belonging to 1856 species and multiple cultural and provisioning services to support Indigenous communities in tropical ecosystems. We found that provisioning services, such as medicine, construction, and food, depend on multiple traits, and their selection is heterogeneous among communities. Cultural services, however, such as rituals, cosmetics, or recreational, hold more specific and tight relations with fewer traits. Their selection tends to be similar among communities, suggesting a possible functional selection convergence. Preserving traditional ecological knowledge is crucial for preserving biocultural well-being. Plant selection is not random, and functional traits can help us understand the current and past patterns of selection that have influenced the functional composition of Amazonian forests.
Frogs in conserved and altered soundscapes an urban matrix in Central Brazil
Authors: Sena Vitor M.A. , Araújo Júlia R. , Machado Ricardo B. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Various factors, including the level of conservation of natural areas, their degree of isolation, the intensity of noise pollution, and the presence of domestic animals, among others, influence the presence of native species in remaining patches of natural vegetation within urban areas. In this study, we evaluated the diversity of amphibians in natural areas within the urban matrix of Brasília, the capital city of Brazil. We examined the variation in species richness and its association with acoustic indices calculated for 20 sampling areas. We used commonly used acoustic indices to characterize the acoustic landscapes we studied. Our results indicated that conserved areas had higher amphibian species richness than altered areas, and the same pattern held for acoustic indices. We found a significant correlation only between species richness and the Normalized Difference Sound Index - NDSI. We also found that ADI and H had the highest values in the middle of the night, while BI and ACI had the highest values at the beginning of the night. Our findings highlight the importance of remaining natural areas for maintaining native species in urban areas, despite a significant reduction in biodiversity in areas with higher levels of noise pollution, as measured by NDSI. Urban management actions require not only the preservation of intact native vegetation but also control of the noise pollution affecting these areas, aimed at creating sustainable cities.
Stress Transfer Outpaces Injection-Induced Aseismic Slip and Triggers Seismicity
Authors: Yang Yuyun , Yang Hongfeng , Zi Jinping 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
As concerns rise over damaging earthquakes related to industrial activities such as hydraulic fracturing, geothermal energy extraction and wastewater disposal, it is essential to understand how subsurface fluid injection triggers seismicity even in distant regions where pore pressure diffusion cannot reach. Previous studies suggested long-range poroelastic stressing and aseismic slip as potential triggering mechanisms. In this study, we show that significant stress transfer originating from injection-induced aseismic slip can travel at much higher speeds and is a viable mechanism for distant earthquake triggering. It could also explain microseismicity migration that is much faster than aseismic slip front propagation. We demonstrate the application of these concepts with seismicity triggered by hydraulic fracturing operations in Weiyuan Shale Gas Field, China. The speed of stress transfer is dependent on the background stress level and injection rate, and can be almost an order of magnitude higher than that of the aseismic slip front.
Quality of life after different axillary treatments in women with breast cancer: a longitudinal cohort study
Authors: Peeters Noelle J.M.C. Vrancken , Kaplan Rana Z.L. , Clarijs Marloes E. , Mureau Marc A. M. , Verhoef Cornelis , Dalen Thijs van , Husson Olga , Koppert Linetta B. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose
As life expectancy continues to rise, post-treatment quality of life (QoL) of breast cancer patients becomes increasingly important. This study examined the longitudinal relation between axillary treatments and QoL using the BREAST-Q and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer QoL Questionnaire Breast Cancer Module (EORTC QLQ-BR23).
Methods
Women diagnosed with breast cancer who received different axillary treatments being axilla preserving surgery (APS) with or without axillary radiotherapy or full axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) with or without axillary radiotherapy were included. QoL was assessed at baseline, 6- and 12-months postoperatively. Mixed regression models were constructed to assess the impact of axillary treatment on QoL. QoL at baseline was compared to QoL at 6- and at 12-months postoperatively.
Results
Except for ALND with axillary radiotherapy, no significant differences in physical and psychosocial wellbeing were found. Physical wellbeing decreased significantly between baseline and 6- and 12-months postoperatively (p < 0.001, p = 0.035) and psychosocial wellbeing decreased significantly between baseline and 12 months postoperatively (p = 0.028) for ALDN with axillary radiotherapy compared to APS alone. Arm symptoms increased significantly between baseline and 6 months and between baseline and 12 months postoperatively for APS with radiotherapy (12.71, 13.73) and for ALND with radiotherapy (13.93, 16.14), with the lowest increase in arm symptoms for ALND without radiotherapy (6.85, 7.66), compared to APS alone (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
Physical and psychosocial wellbeing decreased significantly for ALND with radiotherapy compared to APS alone. Shared decision making and expectation management pre-treatment could be strengthened by discussing arm symptoms per axillary treatment with the patient.