bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Significance of a multidisciplinary approach to congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunt: A changing paradigm for the treatment
Authors: Uchida Hajime , Sakamoto Seisuke , Yanagi Yusuke , Shimizu Seiichi , Fukuda Akinari , Ono Hiroshi , Miyazaki Osamu , Nosaka Shunsuke , Schlegel Andrea , Kasahara Mureo 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimTo review the current institutional practice to treat patients with congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunt (CEPS) and to determine the optimal strategy.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the records of 55 patients diagnosed with CEPS at our center between December 2008 and March 2022.ResultsAmong these 55 patients, 44 (80.0%) received treatment for CEPS at a median age of 4.7 years. The most common indication for treatment was cardiopulmonary complications (45.5%). Therapeutic intervention included shunt closure by endovascular techniques (50.0%) or surgery (40.9%), and liver transplantation (9.1%). A total of 11 were classified as short shunt types, and surgical ligation was performed in all to preserve the major vascular system and prevent complications (p < 0.001). Children who received a surgical ligation were more likely to develop complications after shunt closure (p = 0.02). Among seven patients with portopulmonary hypertension (POPH), one patient, who received a shunt ligation at <1 year‐of‐age, was only able to completely discontinue medication. Most other CEPS‐related complications were completely resolved. Post‐treatment complications, including thrombosis and symptoms of portal hypertension, were seen in 16 patients. After shunt closure, one patient was scheduled to undergo liver transplantation for progressive POPH and large residual hepatocellular adenoma. During follow‐up, one patient without any treatment for CEPS developed POPH 16 years from the diagnosis.ConclusionEarlier therapeutic interventions should be strongly considered for patients with POPH related to CEPS. However, in view of the invasiveness and treatment complications, special attention should be paid to the management of patients with short shunt types.
Exploring patients' perspectives of gestational diabetes mellitus screening and counselling in Ontario: A grounded theory study
Authors: Ruby Emma , McDonald Sarah D. , Berger Howard , Melamed Nir , Li Jenifer , Darling Elizabeth K. , Barrett Jon , G. Ray Joel , Geary Michael , Murray‐Davis Beth ,   DOH‐NET (Diabetes, Obesity and Hypertension in Pregnancy Research) and SOON (Southern Ontario Obstetrical Network) Investigators™
Published: January 2023

AbstractIntroductionGestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with adverse perinatal outcomes. Approaches to screening for GDM continue to evolve, introducing potential variability of care. This study explored the impact of these variations on GDM counselling and screening from the perspectives of pregnant individuals.MethodsFollowing a Corbin and Strauss approach to qualitative, grounded theory we recruited 28 individuals from three cities in Ontario, Canada who had a singleton pregnancy under the care of either a midwife, family physician or obstetrician. Convenience and purposive sampling techniques were used. Semi‐structured telephone interviews were conducted and transcribed verbatim between March and December 2020. Transcripts were analysed inductively resulting in codes, categories and themes.ResultsThree themes were derived from the data about GDM screening and counselling: ‘informing oneself’, ‘deciding’ and ‘screening’. All participants, regardless of geographical region, or antenatal care provider, moved through these three steps during the GDM counselling and screening process. Differences in counselling approaches between pregnancy care providers were noted throughout the ‘informing’ and ‘deciding’ stages of care. Factors influencing these differences included communication, healthcare autonomy and patient motivation to engage with health services. No differences were noted within care provider groups across the three geographic regions. Participant experiences of GDM screening were influenced by logistical challenges and personal preferences towards testing.ConclusionInforming oneself about GDM may be a crucial step for facilitating decision‐making and screening uptake, with an emphasis on information provision to facilitate patient autonomy and motivation.Patient or Public ContributionParticipants of our study included patients and service users. Participants were actively involved in the study design due to the qualitative, patient‐centred nature of the research methods employed. Analysis of results was structured according to the emergent themes of the data which were grounded in patient perspectives and experiences.
Physicochemical and sensory properties of corn grits and pineapple stem starch‐based extruded snacks enriched with oyster mushroom powder
Authors: Tangsrianugul Nuttinee , Hongsanyatham Sornsawan , Kapcum Chutikarn , Sungayuth Nongnuch , Boonsanong Natt , Somprasong Natdanai , Smith Siwaporn Meejoo , Amornsakchai Taweechai , Pinyo Jukkrapong , Wongsagonsup Rungtiwa 
Published: January 2023

SummaryThis study aimed to evaluate physicochemical and sensory characteristics of corn grits and pineapple stem starch‐based extruded snacks enriched with oyster mushroom powder (OMP). Base materials (corn grits and pineapple stem starch at a ratio of 1:1) were mixed with OMP at levels of 5, 10 and 15% (w/w, total dry ingredients basis). The mixtures of dry ingredients were adjusted to 15% moisture content, followed by adding 4% palm oil. The mixtures were kept at room temperature overnight before being extruded using a twin‐screw extruder with barrel temperatures of 80–140 °C and screw speed of 450 rpm. Increasing levels of OMP resulted in increased bulk density, hardness, redness, cell wall thickness, total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of extruded snacks but decreased expansion ratio, lightness and yellowness values. X‐ray diffraction showed that extruded snacks with increasing levels of OMP resulted in higher amounts of V‐type crystals, indicating to the greater formation of amylose‐lipid complex. Sensory evaluation showed that extruded snacks with 5% OMP had the highest preference levels for all sensorial attributes. This study demonstrates that pineapple stem starch and OMP can be used to produce nutritionally enriched and acceptable extruded snacks.
Catheter ablation of idiopathic left fascicular ventricular tachycardia: Implications of false tendons for mapping and ablation
Authors: Ma Wei , Qiu Jiuchun , Lu Fengmin , Michael Shehata  , Wang Xunzhang , He Le , Zhang Fan , Fan Shaobo , Zhang Enyuan , Wu Dongyan , Wang Zulu , Xu Jing 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe anatomical substrate for idiopathic left ventricular tachycardia (ILVT) remains speculative. Purkinje networks surrounding false tendons (FTs) might be involved in the reentrant circuit of ILVT. The objective was to evaluate the anatomical and electrophysiological features of false tendons FTs in relation to ILVT.MethodsIntracardiac echocardiography (ICE) was conducted on patients with ILVT. The relationship of the FTs with ILVT was determined using electro‐anatomical mapping.ResultsElectrophysiological evaluation and radiofrequency ablation were conducted in 23 consecutive patients with ILVT. FTs were identified in 19/23 cases (82.6%) with P1 potentials during VT recorded at the FT in 14 of these patients (73.7%). Three FT types were identified. In type 1, the FT attached the septum to the base of the posteromedial papillary muscle (PPM) (4/19); type 2 FTs ran between the septum and the PPM apex (3/19), while in type 3, the connection occurred between the septum and apex (11/19) or between the septum and the LV free wall (1/19). The effective ILVT ablation sites were situated at the FT‐PPM (3/19) and the FT‐septum (16/19) attachment sites.ConclusionsThis series demonstrates the association between Purkinje fibers and FTs during catheter ablation of ILVT and verifies that left ventricular FTs are an important substrate in this type of tachycardia.
Duvelisib attenuates bleomycin‐induced pulmonary fibrosis via inhibiting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signalling pathway
Authors: Li Xiaohe , Ma Xiaoyang , Miao Yang , Zhang Jianwei , Xi Buri , Li Wenqi , Zhang Qianyi , Chen Li , Yang Yue , Li Hongli , Wei Luqing , Zhou Honggang , Yang Cheng 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIdiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic progressive interstitial lung disease that seriously threatens the health of patients. The pathogenesis of IPF is still unclear, and there is a lack of effective therapeutic drugs. Myofibroblasts are the main effector cells of IPF, leading to excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) and promoting the progression of fibrosis. Inhibiting the excessive activation and relieving autophagy blockage of myofibroblasts is the key to treat IPF. PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway plays a key regulatory role in promoting fibroblast activation and autophagy inhibition in lung fibrosis. Duvelisib is a PI3K inhibitor that can simultaneously inhibit the activities of PI3K‐δ and PI3K‐γ, and is mainly used for the treatment of relapsed/refractory chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) and small lymphocytic lymphoma tumour (SLL). In this study, we aimed to examine the effects of Duvelisib on pulmonary fibrosis. We used a mouse model of bleomycin‐induced pulmonary fibrosis to evaluate the effects of Duvelisib on pulmonary fibrosis in vivo and further explored the potential pharmacological mechanisms of Duvelisib in lung fibroblasts in vitro. The in vivo experiments showed that Duvelisib significantly alleviated bleomycin‐induced collagen deposition and improved pulmonary function. In vitro and in vivo pharmacological experiments showed that Duvelisib dose‐dependently suppressed lung fibroblast activation and improved autophagy inhibition by inhibiting the phosphorylation of PI3K, Akt and mTOR. Our results indicate that Duvelisib can alleviate the severity of pulmonary fibrosis and provide potential drugs for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis.
Practitioner Review: It's time to bridge the gap – understanding the unmet needs of consumers with attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder – a systematic review and recommendations
Authors: Bisset Matthew , Brown Louise E. , Bhide Sampada , Patel Pooja , Zendarski Nardia , Coghill David , Payne Leanne , Bellgrove Mark A. , Middeldorp Christel M. , Sciberras Emma 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveUnderstanding the unmet needs of healthcare consumers with attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (individuals with ADHD and their caregivers) provides critical insight into gaps in services, education and research that require focus and funding to improve outcomes. This review examines the unmet needs of ADHD consumers from a consumer perspective.MethodsA standardised search protocol identified peer‐reviewed studies published between December 2011 and December 2021 focusing on consumer‐identified needs relating to ADHD clinical care or research priorities.Results1,624 articles were screened with 23 studies that reviewed examining the needs of ADHD consumers from Europe, the U.K., Hong Kong, Iran, Australia, the U.S.A. and Canada. Consumer‐identified needs related to: treatment that goes beyond medication (12 studies); improved ADHD‐related education/training (17 studies); improved access to clinical services, carer support and financial assistance (14 studies); school accommodations/support (6 studies); and ongoing treatment efficacy research (1 study).ConclusionADHD consumers have substantial unmet needs in clinical, psychosocial and research contexts. Recommendations to address these needs include: improving access to and quality of multimodal care provision; incorporating recovery principles into care provision; fostering ADHD health literacy; and increasing consumer participation in research, service development and ADHD‐related training/education.
Are shark teeth proxies for functional traits? A framework to infer ecology from the fossil record
Authors: Cooper Jack A. , Griffin John N. , Kindlimann René , Pimiento Catalina 
Published: January 2023

AbstractModern sharks have an evolutionary history of at least 250 million years and are known to play key roles in marine systems, from controlling prey populations to connecting habitats across oceans. These ecological roles can be quantified based on their functional traits, which are typically morphological (e.g., body size) or behavioural (e.g., feeding and diet). Nonetheless, the understanding of such roles of extinct sharks is limited due to the inherent incompleteness of their fossil record, which consists mainly of isolated teeth. As such, establishing links between tooth morphology and ecological traits in living sharks could provide a useful framework to infer sharks' ecology from the fossil record. Here, based on extant sharks from which morphological and behavioural characteristics are known, the authors assess the extent to which isolated teeth can serve as proxies for functional traits. To do so, they first review the scientific literature on extant species to evaluate the use of shark dental characters as proxies for ecology to then perform validation analyses based on an independent data set collected from museum collections. Their results reveal that 12 dental characters have been used in shark literature as proxies for three functional traits: body size, prey preference and feeding mechanism. From all dental characters identified, tooth size and cutting edge are the most widely used. Validation analyses suggest that seven dental characters – crown height, crown width, cutting edge, lateral cusplets, curvature, longitudinal outline and cross‐section outline – are the best proxies for the three functional traits. In particular, tooth size (crown height and width) was found to be a reliable proxy of all three traits; the presence of serrations on the cutting edge was one of the best proxies for prey preference; and tooth shape (longitudinal outline) and the presence of lateral cusplets were among the best indicators of feeding mechanism. Overall, the authors’ results suggest that in the absence of directly measurable traits in the fossil record, these seven dental characters (and different combinations of them) can be used to quantify the ecological roles of extinct sharks. This information has the potential to provide key insights into how shark functional diversity has changed through time, including their ecological responses to extinction events.
Smooth muscle “microsphincters” in the gastric mucosa of stingrays (Elasmobranchii, Dasyatidae)
Authors: Henderson Aaron C. , Bruns Stephan , Al Hameli Shamsa 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe occurrence of smooth muscle sphincters around gastric gland tubules in the cardiac stomach of some elasmobranch species is reported for the first time. These “microsphincters” took the form of a twisted torus, approximately 12–16 muscle fibres thick, that could fully constrict the gland tubules. However, their inconsistent positioning does not suggest a role in partitioning the tubules from the stomach lumen or in modulating secretory activity. Further research is required to ascertain the full taxonomic occurrence of these structures across the Elasmobranchii and to elucidate their function.
Connecting hydrological modelling and forecasting from global to local scales: Perspectives from an international joint virtual workshop
Authors: Dasgupta Antara , Arnal Louise , Emerton Rebecca , Harrigan Shaun , Matthews Gwyneth , Muhammad Ameer , O'Regan Karen , Pérez‐Ciria Teresa , Valdez Emixi , van Osnabrugge Bart , Werner Micha , Buontempo Carlo , Cloke Hannah , Pappenberger Florian , Pechlivanidis Ilias G. , Prudhomme Christel , Ramos Maria‐Helena , Salamon Peter 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe unprecedented progress in ensemble hydro‐meteorological modelling and forecasting on a range of temporal and spatial scales, raises a variety of new challenges which formed the theme of the Joint Virtual Workshop, ‘Connecting global to local hydrological modelling and forecasting: challenges and scientific advances’. Held from 29 June to 1 July 2021, this workshop was co‐organised by the European Centre for Medium‐Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), the Copernicus Emergency Management (CEMS) and Climate Change (C3S) Services, the Hydrological Ensemble Prediction EXperiment (HEPEX), and the Global Flood Partnership (GFP). This article aims to summarise the state‐of‐the‐art presented at the workshop and provide an early career perspective. Recent advances in hydrological modelling and forecasting, reflections on the use of forecasts for decision‐making across scales, and means to minimise new barriers to communication in the virtual format are also discussed. Thematic foci of the workshop included hydrological model development and skill assessment, uncertainty communication, forecasts for early action, co‐production of services and incorporation of local knowledge, Earth observation, and data assimilation. Connecting hydrological services to societal needs and local decision‐making through effective communication, capacity‐building and co‐production was identified as critical. Multidisciplinary collaborations emerged as crucial to effectively bring newly developed tools to practice.
MTBDRplus and MTBDRsl for simultaneous diagnosis of gastrointestinal tuberculosis and detection of first‐line and second‐line drug resistance
Authors: Sharma Kusum , Sharma Megha , Sharma Vishal , Sharma Megha , Parmar Uday Pratap Singh , Samanta Jayanta , Sharma Aman , Kochhar Rakesh , Sinha Saroj K 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackground and AimEmergence of drug resistance, especially to second‐line drugs, hampers tuberculosis elimination efforts. The present study aimed to evaluate MTBDRplus and MTBDRsl assays for detecting first‐line and second‐line drug resistance, respectively, in gastrointestinal tuberculosis (GITB).MethodsThirty ileocecal biopsy specimens, processed in the Department of Microbiology between 2012 and 2022, that showed growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis on culture were included in the study. DNA, extracted from culture, was subjected to MTBDRplus and MTBDRsl (Hain Lifescience GmbH, Nehren, Germany), following manufacturer's instructions. Their performance was compared against phenotypic drug susceptibility testing (pDST) and gene sequencing.ResultsOut of the 30 specimens, 4 (13.33%) were mono‐isoniazid resistant, 4 (13.33%) were multidrug resistant (MDR), 2 (6.67%) were pre‐extensively drug resistant (pre‐XDR), and 2 (6.67%) were mono‐fluoroquinolone resistant. The results were 100% concordant with pDST and gene sequencing.ConclusionsIn the wake of growing drug resistance in all forms of extrapulmonary tuberculosis, including GITB, MTBDRplus and MTBDRsl are reliable tools for screening of resistance to both first‐line and second‐line drugs.
Facet type determination based on combined atomic force microscopy and electron backscatter diffraction
Authors: Brüning Ralf , Hajati Mehrad , Lelièvre Peter G. , Bernhard Tobias , Dieter Sascha , Dietrich Grégoire 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe distribution of facet types affects the functionality of the surfaces of polycrystalline films. However, we are not aware of a previously published convenient method to determine their distribution. This work describes and demonstrates a process to determine and map the Miller indexes (hkl) of crystal facets exposed at the surfaces of polycrystalline films. To find facet types in non‐trivial cases, one must know the orientation of the crystal and the direction in which the facet is facing. The method presented here combines the crystal orientations obtained with electron backscatter diffraction with the topography of the same sample area measured with atomic force microscopy. A challenging step is to transfer the data from the two instruments into a common coordinate system. The sequence of steps in the data processing is presented, with methods to verify the results. The process is illustrated with the analysis of an etched copper clad laminate (CCL) and an electroless Cu film deposited on the CCL. This example relates to facet selection in electroless and galvanic plating processes in printed circuit board production, where an uncontrolled transition from epitaxial to non‐epitaxial growth can lead to surfaces with unacceptable roughness.
Monetary Stimulus amidst the Infrastructure Investment Spree: Evidence from China's Loan‐Level Data
Authors: CHEN KAIJI , GAO HAOYU , HIGGINS PATRICK , WAGGONER DANIEL F. , ZHA TAO 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACTWe study how a fiscal expansion via infrastructure investment influences the dynamic impacts of monetary stimulus on credit allocation. We develop a two‐stage approach and apply it to the Chinese economy with a confidential loan‐level data set that covers all sectors. We find that infrastructure investment significantly weakened monetary policy's transmission to credit allocated to private firms, while reinforcing the monetary effects on loans to state‐owned firms. This fiscal‐monetary interaction channel is key to understanding the preferential credit access enjoyed by state‐owned firms during the stimulus period. Consequently, monetary stimulus crowded out private investment and decreased capital allocation efficiency.
Kinetic factors of physiology and the dynamic light environment influence the economic landscape of short‐term hydraulic risk
Authors: Buckley Thomas N. , Frehner Ethan H. , Bailey Brian N. 
Published: January 2023

Summary

Optimality‐based models of stomatal conductance unify biophysical and evolutionary constraints and can improve predictions of land‐atmosphere carbon and water exchange. Recent models incorporate hydraulic constraints by penalizing excessive stomatal opening in relation to hydraulic damage caused by low water potentials. We used simulation models to test whether penalties based solely on vulnerability curves adequately represent the optimality hypothesis, given that they exclude the effects of kinetic factors on stomatal behavior and integrated carbon balance.

To quantify the effects of nonsteady‐state phenomena on the landscape of short‐term hydraulic risk, we simulated diurnal dynamics of leaf physiology for 10 000 patches of leaf in a canopy and used a ray‐tracing model, Helios, to simulate realistic variation in sunfleck dynamics.

Our simulations demonstrated that kinetic parameters of leaf physiology and sunfleck properties influence the economic landscape of short‐term hydraulic risk, as characterized by the effect of stomatal strategy (gauged by the water potential causing a 50% hydraulic penalty) on both aggregated carbon gain and the aggregated carbon cost of short‐term hydraulic risk.

Hydraulic penalties in optimization models should be generalized to allow their parameters to account for kinetic factors, in addition to parameters of hydraulic vulnerability.
The Nobel Roll of Honor
Authors: Sneis Jørgen , Spoerhase Carlos 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis paper analyzes what may be called Olympic Internationalism as a framework for comparing literatures in the early twentieth century. Specifically, it analyzes the practice of tabulating information about the Nobel Prize—in the Swedish Academy, the international press, and repositories of general knowledge such as encyclopedias—and argues that the international circulation of such “thin knowledge” (Orsini) formed the very basis for that framework of comparison. This, it is further argued, played a crucial role in shaping the international perception of what world literature is and in making the Nobel Prize in Literature what it is: a globally acknowledged “world prize.”