bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical Outcomes of Trapeziometacarpal Arthrodesis with a Mean 3-Year Follow-up
Authors: Tovar-Bazaga Miguel , Martínez-Ulloa Aarón , Luengo-Alonso Gonzalo , Maestro-Carvajal Rubén , Cervera-Irimia Javier 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background This paper's purpose was to analyze clinical results obtained with trapeziometacarpal arthrodesis and complications comparing different osteosynthesis systems.
Methods Thirty-seven trapeziometacarpal arthrodesis were performed in our center in a 7-year period, with a mean age of 52 years and 34 months of follow-up. The implants were distributed homogenously into three groups, using bone grafts in 12.5% of them.
Results A 75% achieved complete consolidation with a mean postsurgical Visual Analog Scale (VAS) of 2.4, Kapandji Opposition Score (KOS) of 8.1, lateral pinch strength of 12.1 kg, tripod pinch strength of 3.6 kg, and tip-to-tip strength of 1.5 kg. Consolidation was not achieved in nine patients, of which five were asymptomatic, three reoperated on trapeziectomy and tenosuspension, and one rearthrodesis. No statistical association was found between the implant used and pseudoarthrosis (p = 0.17), VAS (p = 0.06), or KOS (p = 0.45).
Conclusions Trapeziometacarpal arthrodesis reduces pain for well-chosen patients. Nonunion has low clinical significance in most cases and does not seem to depend on the use of allograft or the type of implant but on an appropriate surgical technique.
Dimensional Optimization of Graphene-Modified Polymethyl Methacrylate Material Used as an Aesthetic Removable Partial Denture Clasp Material
Authors: Hussein Mostafa Omran 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Objective Although graphene-modified polymethyl methacrylate material is a good candidate for partial denture clasp material, it lacks adequate strength. Therefore, the study aims to assess the optimal dimension of this nanomodified material required for such an application.
Materials and Methods A parametric finite element analysis study was conducted on 54 clasp 3D models at two displacement levels (0.25–0.5 mm) placed 3 mm from the clasp tip. The clasp models were categorized based on the dimensions into A, B, and C (3 subgroups in each) and six tapers from the tip to the base (0.5–1). Both reaction force in (N) and maximum principal stress in (MPa) were recorded and analyzed. The study was validated using the mechanical tester after digital manufacturing of the clasp specimens that showed satisfactory results.
Statistical Analysis The correlations between width and thickness against reaction force and maximum principal stress were checked by a statistical analysis software package (SPSS version 22; IBM Corp., Armonk, New York, United States). Data of the reaction force demonstrated nonparametric behavior, as tested by the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test. Accordingly, Spearman's rho test for correlation was used. In contrast, the maximum principal stress data showed normal distribution, as tested by the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test. Thus, Pearson's test of correlation was applied.
Results The results demonstrated the best retention force values, considering aesthetics, in subgroups C3 (taper 0.6), C3 (taper 0.8), and B3 (taper 1). The maximum principal stress results showed the highest values in group C followed by group B and then group A. Positive correlations were calculated between thickness and width versus reaction force and maximum principal stress. The correlation coefficient value between thickness and reaction force was 0.699 and that between width and reaction force was 0.621, while the correlation coefficient between thickness and maximum principal force was 0.899 and that between the width and maximum principal force was 0.740.
Conclusion It could be concluded that the studied material might be recommended as a valid aesthetic clasp material. Both clasp thickness and width showed a positive correlation with the clasp retention force with more impact by the thickness.
The cyclic nature of negation: From implicit to explicit
Authors: Bardenstein Ruti 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe Hebrew negation adverbialbilti‘not’ seems to function very differently in Biblical Hebrew than it does in Contemporary Hebrew. This paper addresses this difference and discusses its evolution. The main question addressed in this paper is: How has Hebrewbilti, originally an exceptive marker (with sentential scoping), ended up functioning solely as a privative in contemporary Hebrew? First, this paper argues that the biblical usage ofbiltiwas expanded and turned into a polyfunctional (or ‘polysemous’) item. This happened via a constructionalization process which led to grammatical changes (‘grammaticalization’): The initially implicated negation (via a generalized implicature) turned explicit (semantic). In addition, in Hebrew’s later periods, the usage ofbiltiwas narrowed and it became a privative. Thus, firstly, a pragmatically motivated path of constructionalization ofbiltiin Biblical Hebrew is suggested. That is, the “pragmatic negation” that arose via a generalized implicature shifted to the semantic level (performing semantic negation, explicit negation). Secondly,bilti’s functions in post-biblical Hebrew periods are outlined, tracing its narrowing functions until its fixation in Contemporary Hebrew as a privative.
Analytical assessment of stay cable vibration mitigation using shape memory alloy wire
Authors: Rajoriya Sourabh , Mishra Shambhu Sharan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The stay cables are axial load-carrying members in cable-stayed bridges and are subjected to the problems of large amplitude oscillations mainly due to wind. The investigations presented in this paper attempt to tackle the problem by the application of a shape memory alloy wire, which are understood to have excellent recovery property under large deformation. The aim is to determine how the dynamic behavior of a taut steel cable changes when a Ni-Ti SMA wire is connected to the cable and which location of SMA at the taut cable may provide the best results in terms of vibration dissipation of the cable. Before the analytical study on the taut cable, the behavior of Ni-Ti SMA wire in hysteresis was studied under different strain as well as in tension and compression loadings. The responses of the cable with and without SMA wire were determined in free as well as in forced vibrations. The SMA wire was used at different locations of the cable to determine its most effective location and the damping introduced to the cable. The variation of the amplitude response is investigated at varying excitation frequencies. It is found that the SMA wire can be effectively used as a damping element in dissipating the cable oscillation. It is also found that the mid-length of the cable where maximum amplitude dissipation occurs is the best location, although not a practical one, to attach the SMA wire.
BMI Trajectories in Late Middle Age, Genetic Risk, and Incident Diabetes in Older Adults: Evidence From a 26-Year Longitudinal Study
Authors: Luo Yaxin , Liu Zheran , Luo Jiawei , Li Ruidan , Wei Zhigong , Yang Lianlian , Li Juejin , He Ling , Su Yonglin , Peng Xingchen , Hu Xiaolin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This study investigated the association between body mass index (BMI) trajectories in late middle age and incident diabetes in later years. A total of 11,441 participants aged 50–60 years from the Health and Retirement Study with at least 2 self-reported BMI records were included. Individual BMI trajectories representing average BMI changes per year were generated using multilevel modeling. Adjusted risk ratios (ARRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated. Associations between BMI trajectories and diabetes risk in participants with different genetic risks were estimated for 5,720 participants of European ancestry. BMI trajectories were significantly associated with diabetes risk in older age (slowly increasing vs. stable: ARR = 1.31, 95% CI: 1.12, 1.54; rapidly increasing vs. stable: ARR = 1.5, 95% CI: 1.25, 1.79). This association was strongest for normal-initial-BMI participants (slowly increasing: ARR = 1.34, 95% CI: 0.96, 1.88; rapidly increasing: ARR = 2.06, 95% CI: 1.37, 3.11). Participants with a higher genetic liability to diabetes and a rapidly increasing BMI trajectory had the highest risk for diabetes (ARR = 2.15, 95% CI: 1.67, 2.76). These findings confirmed that BMI is the leading risk factor for diabetes and that although the normal BMI group has the lowest incidence rate for diabetes, people with normal BMI are most sensitive to changes in BMI.
Spike propagation mapping reveals effective connectivity and predicts surgical outcome in epilepsy
Authors: Matarrese Margherita A G , Loppini Alessandro , Fabbri Lorenzo , Tamilia Eleonora , Perry M Scott , Madsen Joseph R , Bolton Jeffrey , Stone Scellig S D , Pearl Phillip L , Filippi Simonetta , Papadelis Christos 
Published: April 2023

AbstractNeurosurgical intervention is the best available treatment for selected patients with drug resistant epilepsy. For these patients, surgical planning requires biomarkers that delineate the epileptogenic zone, the brain area that is indispensable for the generation of seizures. Interictal spikes recorded with electrophysiological techniques are considered key biomarkers of epilepsy. Yet, they lack specificity, mostly because they propagate across brain areas forming networks. Understanding the relationship between interictal spike propagation and functional connections among the involved brain areas may help develop novel biomarkers that can delineate the epileptogenic zone with high precision. Here, we reveal the relationship between spike propagation and effective connectivity among onset and areas of spread and assess the prognostic value of resecting these areas.We analysed intracranial EEG data from 43 children with drug resistant epilepsy who underwent invasive monitoring for neurosurgical planning. Using electric source imaging, we mapped spike propagation in the source domain and identified three zones: onset, early-spread and late-spread. For each zone, we calculated the overlap and distance from surgical resection. We then estimated a virtual sensor for each zone and the direction of information flow among them via Granger causality. Finally, we compared the prognostic value of resecting these zones, the clinically-defined seizure onset zone and the spike onset on intracranial EEG channels by estimating their overlap with resection.We observed a spike propagation in source space for 37 patients with a median duration of 95 ms (interquartile range: 34–206), a spatial displacement of 14 cm (7.5–22 cm) and a velocity of 0.5 m/s (0.3–0.8 m/s). In patients with good surgical outcome (25 patients, Engel I), the onset had higher overlap with resection [96% (40–100%)] than early-spread [86% (34–100%), P = 0.01] and late-spread [59% (12–100%), P = 0.002], and it was also closer to resection than late-spread [5 mm versus 9 mm, P = 0.007]. We found an information flow from onset to early-spread in 66% of patients with good outcomes, and from early-spread to onset in 50% of patients with poor outcome. Finally, resection of spike onset, but not area of spike spread or the seizure onset zone, predicted outcome with positive predictive value of 79% and negative predictive value of 56% (P = 0.04).Spatiotemporal mapping of spike propagation reveals information flow from onset to areas of spread in epilepsy brain. Surgical resection of the spike onset disrupts the epileptogenic network and may render patients with drug resistant epilepsy seizure-free without having to wait for a seizure to occur during intracranial monitoring.
The microbiology of arabica and robusta coffee cherries: a comparative study of indigenous bacteria with presumptive impact on coffee quality
Authors: Mahatmanto Tunjung , Sunarharum Wenny B , Putri Fanny A , Susanto Caroline A , Davian Aga O , Murdiyatmo Untung 
Published: April 2023

AbstractArabica and robusta are the two major coffee beans being sold worldwide. It is well recognized that coffee quality is influenced by their origin and the microbiological activities that drive their fermentation. However, in many coffee plantations, information about the natural diversity of bacteria that inhabit the arabica and robusta coffee cherries is limited. Here, we sampled arabica and robusta coffee cherries from Malang, East Java, Indonesia, then sequenced and analysed their bacterial composition. We found that: (a) arabica cherries contained bacteria with less diversity and abundance compared with robusta; (b) both coffee cherries were heavily populated by extremophiles, presumably dispersed from volcanic activities; (c) groups known to be involved in coffee fermentation such as lactic acid bacteria, acetic acid bacteria, Enterobacteria, and soil-associated bacteria were present in both arabica and robusta coffee cherries, and (d) arabica cherries were dominated by Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides. These findings highlight that coffee cherry bacteria are highly diverse, the majority of which might come from the environment, with some potentially beneficial or detrimental to coffee quality. Knowledge of the natural microbial diversity of coffee cherries may be useful for the development of coffee fermentation technologies to yield coffee beans with consistent quality.
Treatment of coking wastewater by a novel full-scale microaerobic-anoxic-oxic (M/A/O) system: performance and microbial community analysis
Authors: Yuan Ke , Dong Jing , Li Ruipeng 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between system removal performance and microbial community structure in a novel full-scale microaerobic-anoxic-oxic (M/A/O) system for coking wastewater (CWW) treatment. The results showed that 93% of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and 99% of NH4+-N removal efficiency were achieved via the M/A/O process, meanwhile, main organic pollutants in CWW, including phenolic compounds, heterocyclic compounds and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were basically removed. Four dominant phyla of Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes and Nitrospirae were demonstrated to be distributed in the system and played significant roles in the M/A/O biological treatment process. The major function of the M process was to partly remove the biodegradable substances such as phenols and hydrolyze the refractory contaminants such as N-heterocyclic compounds to improve the biological oxygen demand/COD (BOD5) ratio and release ammonia. This work illustrated the structure and function of the microbial community in the M/A/O system and provided a new choice for high-strength CWW treatment.
The efficacy of thoracoscopic surgery for descending necrotizing mediastinitis
Authors: Tanaka Yugo , Maniwa Yoshimasa , Sugio Kenji , Okamoto Tatsuro , Nibu Ken-Ichi , Omori Takashi , Endo Shunsuke , Kuwano Hiroyuki , Chida Masayuki , Toh Yasushi , Okada Morihito , Shiotani Akihiro , Yoshino Ichiro 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Thoracotomy is a reliable approach for descending necrotizing mediastinitis (DNM), and the use of video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS), a minimally invasive procedure, has been increasing. However, which approach is more effective for DNM treatment is controversial.

METHODS
We analysed patients who underwent mediastinal drainage via VATS or thoracotomy, using a database with DNM from 2012 to 2016 in Japan, which was constructed by the Japanese Association for Chest Surgery and the Japan Broncho-esophagological Society. The primary outcome was 90-day mortality, and the adjusted risk difference between the VATS and thoracotomy groups using a regression model, which incorporated the propensity score, was estimated.

RESULTS
VATS was performed on 83 patients and thoracotomy on 58 patients. Patients with a poor performance status commonly underwent VATS. Meanwhile, patients with infection extending to both the anterior and posterior lower mediastinum frequently underwent thoracotomy. Although the postoperative 90-day mortality was different between the VATS and thoracotomy groups (4.8% vs 8.6%), the adjusted risk difference was almost the same, −0.0077 with 95% confidence interval of −0.0959 to 0.0805 (P = 0.8649). Moreover, we could not find any clinical and statistical differences between the 2 groups in terms of postoperative 30-day and 1-year mortality. Although patients who underwent VATS had higher postoperative complication (53.0% vs 24.1%) and reoperation (37.9% vs 15.5%) rates than those who underwent thoracotomy, the complications were not serious and most could be treated with reoperation and intensive care.

CONCLUSIONS
The outcome of DNM treatment does not depend on thoracotomy or VATS.
Selling Gāyatrī: Questioning cultural appropriation of a Mantra
Authors: Dalal Neil 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This essay employs the Gāyatrī mantra as a case study to parse out cultural appropriation’s complex entanglements with modern yoga in North America. Public debates on appropriation in North America are largely based on premises of ownership, authenticity, purity, and corruption; however, theoretical arguments of non-essentialisms implicitly undermine accusations of harmful appropriation. Non-essentialisms potentially decompose fixed cultural essences so that intangible cultural artefacts or cultural groups are not subject to properties of authenticity, purity, and ownership. This position a priori blocks the possibility of appropriation (as conceived in popular discourse) because it deconstructs the premises that frame appropriation. This essay considers non-essentialist arguments, as well as several others that conflict with the possibility of harmful appropriation, such as those based on Indigenous agency and contested identity politics within Hindu-American communities. I argue that even though such arguments are substantially important, they are near sighted if weaponised to wholly dismiss the potential harmful effects of cultural appropriation. They overlook many other problems, such as exclusion, neo-colonial extraction, epistemic violence, and lack of representation of marginalised communities. These further issues are entangled with the Orientalist roots of Spiritual but not Religious ideologies.
Direct Lineage Reprogramming for Induced Keratinocyte Stem Cells: A Potential Approach for Skin Repair
Authors: Lin Haohui , Pan Yu , Cai Sa 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Severe trauma or chronic wounds can deplete the keratinocyte stem cells (KSCs) present in the epidermal basal layer or inhibit their migration leading to compromised wound healing. Supplementing KSCs is the key to solution while lineage reprogramming provides a new approach to acquiring KSCs. Through direct lineage reprogramming, induced KSCs (iKSCs) can be produced from somatic cells, which exhibit great application potential. Two strategies are currently being used to directly generate iKSCs, lineage transcription factor (TF)-mediated and pluripotency factors-mediated. This review focuses on lineage TF-mediated direct reprogramming and describes the conversion process along with the underlying epigenetic mechanisms. It also discusses other potential induction strategies to generate iKSCs and challenges associated with in situ reprogramming for skin repair.
Current management of inherited arrhythmia syndromes associated with the cardiac ryanodine receptor
Authors: Przybylski Robert , Abrams Dominic J. 
Published: April 2023

Purpose of review
Gain-of-function variants in the gene encoding the cardiac ryanodine receptor (RYR2) are associated with catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT). The exercise stress test (EST) has long been fundamental in diagnosis and management, but recent work has further explored its role. A new entity termed calcium release deficiency syndrome (CRDS) has been associated with loss-of-function RYR2 variants and a different arrhythmic phenotype.

Recent findings
Standard EST is not perfectly reproducible with regards to provocation of arrhythmia in CPVT. A newly described burst EST protocol may be more sensitive in this regard. Nadolol is the most effective beta blocker in CPVT, though arrhythmic events remain frequent and dual therapy with flecainide and/or left cardiac sympathetic denervation may add protection. A recent report renews debate regarding the use of implantable defibrillator therapy in CPVT. CRDS is characterized by later age of presentation, normal/near normal EST, and ventricular arrhythmia induced by a novel ventricular stimulation protocol.

Summary
Burst EST may aid in the diagnosis and management of CPVT. Nadolol is the preferred beta blocker in CPVT, and consideration should be given to early dual therapy. CRDS should be suspected in patients with arrhythmic events, rare RYR2 variants, and a phenotype inconsistent with CPVT.
Cost-effectiveness of MRE versus VCTE in staging fibrosis for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients with advanced fibrosis
Authors: Sangha Kinpritma , Chang Stephanie T. , Cheung Ramsey , Deshpande Vibhas S. 
Published: April 2023

Introduction:
NAFLD is a common cause of liver disease. To determine the optimal testing strategy for NAFLD patients with advanced fibrosis, several factors such as diagnostic accuracy, failure rates, costs of examinations, and potential treatment options need to be considered. The purpose of this study was to determine the cost-effectiveness of combination testing involving vibration-controlled transient elastography (VCTE) versus magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) as a frontline imaging strategy for NAFLD patients with advanced fibrosis.

Methods:
A Markov model was developed from the US perspective. The base-case scenario in this model included patients aged 50 years with a Fibrosis-4 score of ≥2.67 and suspected advanced fibrosis. The model included a decision tree and a Markov state-transition model including 5 health states: fibrosis stage 1–2, advanced fibrosis, compensated cirrhosis, decompensated cirrhosis, and death. Both deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed.

Results:
Staging fibrosis with MRE cost $8388 more than VCTE but led to an additional 1.19 Quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) with the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of $7048/QALY. The cost-effectiveness analysis of the 5 strategies revealed that MRE+biopsy and VCTE+MRE+biopsy were the most cost-effective with the incremental cost-effectiveness ratios of $8054/QALY and $8241/QALY, respectively. Furthermore, sensitivity analyses indicated that MRE remained cost-effective with a sensitivity of ≥0.77, whereas VCTE became cost-effective with a sensitivity of ≥0.82.

Conclusions:
MRE was not only cost-effective than VCTE as the frontline modality for staging NAFLD patients with Fibrosis-4 ≥2.67 with incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of $7048/QALY but also remained cost-effective when used as a follow-up in instances of VCTE failure to diagnose.