bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multi‐trait genomic prediction in pigs using single and multistep methods based on the absorption of ungenotyped animals
Authors: Luan Tu , Nordbø Øyvind , Andersen‐Ranberg Ina , Meuwissen Theo H. E. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMany quantitative traits measured in breeding programs are genetically correlated. The genetic correlations between the traits indicate that the measurement of one trait carries information on others. To benefit from this information, multi‐trait genomic prediction (MTGP) is preferable to use. However, MTGP is more difficult to implement compared to single‐trait genomic prediction (STGP), and even more challenging for the goal to exploit not only the information on other traits but also the information on ungenotyped animals. This could be accomplished using both single and multistep methods. The single‐step method was achieved by implementing a single‐step genomic best linear unbiased prediction (ssGBLUP) approach using a multi‐trait model. Here, we examined a multistep analysis based on an approach called “Absorption” to achieve this goal. The Absorption approach absorbed all available information including the phenotypic information on ungenotyped animals as well as the information on other traits if applicable, into mixed model equations of genotyped animals. The multistep analysis included (1) to apply the Absorption approach that exploits all available information and (2) to implement genomic BLUP (GBLUP) prediction on the absorbed dataset. In this study, the ssGBLUP and multistep analysis were applied to 5 traits in Duroc pigs, which were slaughter percentage, feed consumption from 40 to 120 kg (FC40_120), days of growth from 40 to 120 kg (D40_120), age at 40 kg (A40) and lean meat percentage. The results showed that MTGP yielded higher accuracy than STGP, which on average was 0.057 higher for the multistep method and 0.045 higher for ssGBLUP. The multistep method achieved similar prediction accuracy as ssGBLUP. However, the prediction bias of the multistep method was in general lower than that of ssGBLUP.
The F‐box protein SHORT PRIMARY ROOT modulates primary root meristem activity by targeting SEUSS‐LIKE protein for degradation in rice
Authors: Ma Nini , Li Nian , Yu Zhongmao , Chen Chunli , Zhou Dao‐Xiu , Zhao Yu 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACTRoot meristem activity is essential for root morphogenesis and adaptation, but the molecular mechanism regulating root meristem activity is not fully understood. Here, we identify an F‐box family E3 ubiquitin ligase named SHORT PRIMARY ROOT (SHPR) that regulates primary root (PR) meristem activity and cell proliferation in rice. SHPR loss‐of‐function mutations impair PR elongation in rice. SHPR is involved in the formation of an SCF complex with the Oryza sativa SKP1‐like protein OSK1/20. We show that SHPR interacts with Oryza sativa SEUSS‐LIKE (OsSLK) in the nucleus and is required for OsSLK polyubiquitination and degradation by the ubiquitin 26S‐proteasome system (UPS). Transgenic plants overexpressing OsSLK display a shorter PR phenotype, which is similar to the SHPR loss‐of‐function mutants. Genetic analysis suggests that SHPR promotes PR elongation in an OsSLK‐dependent manner. Collectively, our study establishes SHPR as an E3 ubiquitin ligase that targets OsSLK for degradation, and uncovers a protein ubiquitination pathway as a mechanism for modulating root meristem activity in rice.
From Right to Responsibility: Resonance and Radicalism in Feminist‐Led Reproductive Control Movements, 1905‐1942
Authors: Eby Margaret R. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHow do leaders of social movements leverage resonance and radicalism to achieve movement goals? As eugenics gained prominence from the end of the 19th century through World War II, feminist leaders of contraceptive access movements pushed for the acceptance of birth control simultaneously as a right for women and as a tool to further racist, ableist and ethnonationalist eugenic interventions. This paper analyzes the trajectories of two feminist birth control activists in the United States and Germany to trace the development and divergence of their movements alongside eugenics through three general framings over the first half of the 20th century: advocating the individual, advancing humanity, and augmenting the state. This research uses personal papers and social movement records to show that these cases present a kind of double resonance through which movement leaders could reframe reproductive control as a solution not only to the problems of their audiences, but also legitimize their politics and identities. By contextualizing eugenics alongside neo‐Malthusianism, birth control, abortion, and reproductive governance, this analysis helps to map reproductive control as a device historically wielded by white feminists to organize broader political support to fit varying and contradictory ideological projects.
Sleep restriction between consecutive days of exercise impairs sprint and endurance cycling performance
Authors: Dean Blake , Hartmann Tegan , Wingfield Georgia , Larsen Penelope , Skein Melissa 
Published: April 2023

SummaryThe study aim was to determine the effect of sleep restriction (3 h) between consecutive days of exercise on sprint and endurance cycling performance, wellness, and mood. A total of 10 well‐trained males performed 2 consecutive‐day trials separated by a normal night sleep (control [CONT]; mean [SD] sleep duration 3.0 [0.2] h) or sleep restriction (RES; mean [SD] sleep duration 3.0 [0.2] h). Experimental trials included a 90‐min fixed‐paced cycling bout and the respective sleep conditions on Day 1, followed by two 6‐s peak power (6‐s PP) tests, a 4‐ and 20‐min time trial (TT) on Day 2. Profile of Mood States (POMS) and wellness questionnaires were recorded on Day 1 and Day 2. Blood lactate and glucose, heart rate (HR), and rating of perceived exertion were recorded throughout Day 2. Power output (PO) was significantly reduced for RES in the 6‐s PP trial (mean [SD] 1159 [127] W for RES versus 1250 [186] W for CONT; p = 0.04) and mean PO during the 20‐min TT (mean [SD] 237 [59] W for RES versus 255 [58] W for CONT; p = 0.03). There were no differences for HR, lactate and glucose, or POMS between CONT and RES in all experimental trials (p = 0.05–0.89). Participants reported a reduction in overall wellness prior to exercise on Day 2 following RES (mean [SD] 14.5 [1.6] au) compared to CONT (mean [SD] 16 [3.0] au; p = 0.034). Sleep restriction and the associated reductions in wellness, reduce cycling performance during consecutive days of exercise in a range of cycling tests that are relevant to both track and road cyclists.
Analysis of the physiological responses of Pacific abalone (Haliotis discus hannai) to various stressors to identify a suitable stress indicator
Authors: Lee Hyo Bin , Jang Hyun Seok , Oh Young Dae , Lee Yun Ho , Lim Han Kyu 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe Pacific abalone (Haliotis discus hannai) is the most economically valuable shellfish species in Northeast Asia, accounting for most of the shellfish production in South Korea. Despite the continuous improvement in the productivity of domestic abalone aquaculture, rapid seawater temperature changes caused by global warming have led to mass mortality in coastal abalone farms. Therefore, research on environmental stressors is urgently needed to prevent abalone production losses. This study analyzed the expression of heat shock protein (HSP) genes in foot muscles of H. discus hannai and metabolic parameters including glucose, lysozyme, catalase, D‐lactate, and trehalose levels in the hemolymph under acute high temperature, low temperature, low salinity, and air exposure. Quantitative reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that HSP20 expression was downregulated in all experimental groups, whereas HSP70 expression increased immediately in all experimental groups except for the low‐temperature stress group. Hemolymph analysis showed that glucose and lysozyme levels increased significantly immediately after treatment in all groups, and decreased during the recovery period. Together, the results indicate that low water temperature stress had the smallest effect on abalone among the treatments. We conclude that the other treatments acted as stressors of abalone and that HSP genes, glucose, and lysozyme can be used as stress indicators in H. discus hannai.
Unsupervised defect segmentation with pose priors
Authors: Midwinter Max , Al‐Sabbag Zaid Abbas , Yeum Chul Min 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSingle shot, semantic bounding box detectors, trained in a supervised manner are popular in computer vision‐aided visual inspections. These methods have several key limitations: (1) bounding boxes capture too much background, especially when images experience perspective transformation; (2) insufficient domain‐specific data and cost to label; and (3) redundant or incorrect detection results on videos or multi‐frame data; where it is a nontrivial task to select the best detection and check for outliers. Recent developments in commercial augmented reality and robotic hardware can be leveraged to support inspection tasks. A common capability of the previous is the ability to obtain image sequences and camera poses. In this work, the authors leverage pose information as “prior” to address the limitations of existing supervised learned, single‐shot, semantic detectors for the application of visual inspection. The authors propose an unsupervised semantic segmentation method (USP), based on unsupervised learning for image segmentation inspired by differentiable feature clustering coupled with a novel outlier rejection and stochastic consensus mechanism for mask refinement. USP was experimentally validated for a spalling quantification task using a mixed reality headset (Microsoft HoloLens 2). Also, a sensitivity study was conducted to evaluate the performance of USP under environmental or operational variations.
Anchor‐adaptive railway track detection from unmanned aerial vehicle images
Authors: Tong Lei , Jia Limin , Geng Yixuan , Liu Keyan , Qin Yong , Wang Zhipeng 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAutonomous railway inspection with unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) has huge advantages over traditional inspection methods. As a prerequisite for UAV‐based autonomous following of railway lines, it is quite essential to develop intelligent railway track detection algorithms. However, there are no existing algorithms currently that can efficiently adapt to the demand for the various forms and changing inclination angles of railway tracks in the UAV aerial images. To address the challenge, this paper proposes a novel anchor‐adaptive railway track detection network (ARTNet), which constructs a dual‐branch architecture based on projection length discrimination to realize full‐angle railway track detection for the UAV aerial images taken from arbitrary viewing angles. Considering the potential capacity imbalance of the two branches that can be caused by the uneven distribution of railway tracks in the dataset, a balanced transpose co‐training strategy is proposed to train the two branches coordinately. Moreover, an extra customized transposed consistency loss is designed to guide the training of the network without increasing any computational complexity. A set of experiments have been conducted to verify the feasibility and superiority of the ARTNet. It is demonstrated that our approach can effectively realize full‐angle railway track detection and outperform other popular algorithms greatly in terms of both detection accuracy and reasoning efficiency. ARTNet can achieve a mean F1 of 76.12 and run at a speed of 50 more frames per second.
Does improving sleep for the critically ill reduce the incidence and duration of delirium? An evidence‐based review
Authors: Elliott Rosalind , Delaney Lori 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDelirium is associated with poor patient outcome. Critical‐care nurses maintain that patients with disrupted sleep appear to develop delirium. We sought to explore whether improving sleep in the critically ill patients reduced the incidence and duration of delirium. Our review of five relevant studies suggests that there is low‐quality evidence that improving sleep may reduce the incidence of delirium. The bidirectional association between delirium and sleep stymies research in this area, and thus, establishing cause and effect, is difficult. Research exploring other patient‐centred outcomes, such as pain intensity, suggests that enhancing sleep may improve these outcomes.
Imagination as a generative source of justification
Authors: Miyazono Kengo , Tooming Uku 
Published: April 2023

AbstractOne of the most exciting debates in philosophy of imagination in recent years has been over the epistemic use of imagination where imagination epistemically contributes to justifying beliefs and acquiring knowledge. This paper defends “generationism about imagination” according to which imagination is a generative source, rather than a preservative source, of justification. In other words, imagination generates new justification above and beyond prior justification provided by other sources. After clarifying the generation/preservation distinction (Section 2), we present an argument for generationism about imagination, which can be divided into two parts; the philosophical part and the empirical part. In the philosophical part of our argument (Section 3), we claim that generationism about imagination follows from what we call “INACCESSIBILITY”. According to INACCESSIBILITY, imagination is properly constrained by the imaginative constrainers (i.e., the prior representations that constrain the development of a scenario in imagination) to which non‐imaginative belief‐forming processes do not have access. In the empirical part of our argument (Section 4), we claim that INACCESSIBILITY is plausible in light of relevant studies and theories in the empirical literature, especially the literature on mental simulation (Section 4.1), core cognition (Section 4.2), and intuitive physics (Section 4.3).
Non‐species‐specific pollen transfer and double‐reward production in euglossine‐pollinated Vanilla
Authors: Pansarin E. R. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Commonly attributed to orchids, the pollen movement in Vanilla has been associated with food deception and specific plant–pollinator relationships.

This study investigated the role of flower rewards and pollinator specificity in the pollen transfer of a widely distributed member to the euglossinophilous Vanilla clade, V. pompona Schiede using data collected from Brazilian populations. These included investigations on morphology, light microscopy and histochemistry, and analysis of flowers scent using GC–MS. The pollinators and the mechanisms of pollination were recorded through focal observations.

The yellow flowers of V. pompona are fragrant and offer nectar as reward. The major volatile compound of the V. pompona scent, carvone oxide, shows convergent evolution in Eulaema‐pollinated Angiosperms. The pollination system of V. pompona is not species‐specific, but its flowers are strongly adapted to pollination by large Eulaema males. Pollination mechanism is based in a combination of perfume collection and nectar seeking.

The dogma of a species‐specific pollination system based on food deception in Vanilla has been broken with the increase in studies on this Pantropical orchid genus. Here, least three bee species and dual reward‐offering are involved in pollen transfer in V. pompona. Visitation frequency of bees collecting perfumes, used in courtship by male euglossines, is higher than in searching for food, as short‐lived young euglossine males seem to be more interested in sex than food. A pollination system based on offering both nectar and perfumes as resources is described for the first time in orchids.
Molecular and physiochemical evaluation of buck semen cryopreserved with antioxidants
Authors: Ghanem Nasser , Nasr Norhan Hamdy , Abu Elnaga Nehal Ali , Abou‐Hashim Fatma , Kamel Shaimaa , Warda Mohamad , Dessouki Sherif M. , AbdRabou Mervat Ahmed , Mehaisen Gamal M.K. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe current study evaluated the physiochemical quality and gene expression profile of post‐thawed buck semen after supplementation with antioxidants [melatonin (M), L‐carnitine (LC), cysteine (Cys), LC + M, M + Cys, LC + Cys, LC + Cys + M] in comparison with the non‐treated control group. Physical and biochemical characteristics of semen were evaluated following freezing and thawing. Transcript abundance of six selected candidate genes was profile using quantitative real‐time PCR. The data demonstrated significant enhancement of post‐freezing total motility, progressive motility, percentage of live sperm, CASA parameters, plasma membrane and acrosome integrity in all groups supplemented with Cys, LC, M + Cys and LC + Cys compared with the control group. The biochemical analysis of semen indicated that semen groups supplemented with LC and LC + Cys recorded increased levels of GPX and SOD that were coupled with up‐regulation of antioxidant genes (SOD1, GPX1 and NRF2) and mitochondrial transcripts (CPT2 and ATP5F1A). Moreover, H2O2 level and DNA fragmentation percentage were reduced compared with other groups. In conclusion, supplementation of Cys alone or in combination with LC positively improved the post‐thaw physiochemical properties of rabbit semen through activation of bioenergetics‐related mitochondrial genes and cellular antioxidant defence mechanism.
Demographics and social determinants of oral health for baby boomers
Authors: Ettinger Ronald L. , Marchini Leonardo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectiveAge cohorts such as the baby boomers are influenced by historical experiences and the socio‐dental events during their lifespan. These events/experiences have impacted their health behavior and consequently, their systemic and oral health. As the baby boomer population is aging, and the majority of them are retaining some of their natural teeth for longer, only fewer are becoming edentulous. This paper discusses the demographics and the social determinants of health of the early baby boomers (1945—1955), as well as the late boomers (1956–1964).MethodsWe have used data from the literature to describe the events which might have impacted these cohorts’ attitudes and expectations towards the utilization of health care and dental services.ResultsThere are variations in the way different age groups perceive dentistry and use dental and other healthcare services, known as cohort differences. Nonetheless, because people are now keeping more of their natural teeth as they age, there is a greater demand for oral healthcare among the baby boomer generation. In order to provide specialized care that addresses their unique needs, there is a need for expanded training programs at both the undergraduate and postgraduate levels.ConclusionA cohort is composed of numerous individuals whose attitudes and behaviors are shaped by their personal life experiences and broader societal trends. Consequently, any information about a particular cohort can only offer generalizations. As healthcare providers, it is important to be aware of the general characteristics of a cohort, but also exercise caution when applying them to individual patients. We should interpret these characteristics in light of each patient's unique circumstances.
Vitamin D status in healthy populations worldwide: a systematic review protocol
Authors: Dunlop Eleanor , Pham Ngoc Minh , Van Hoang Dong , Kalmpourtzidou Aliki , Black Lucinda J 
Published: April 2023

Objective:
The objective of this systematic review is to report on circulating concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) and the prevalence of 25(OH)D concentrations below commonly used cut points for vitamin D deficiency, insufficiency, and sufficiency in healthy populations worldwide.

Introduction:
Vitamin D sufficiency is important for optimal bone health and has been identified as being protective against a range of adverse health outcomes. Poor vitamin D status is considered a global public health concern. This review will provide up-to-date data on 25(OH)D concentrations in healthy populations worldwide.

Inclusion criteria:
This review will consider data from publications that include measurements of circulating 25(OH)D concentrations in healthy people of all ages across all global geographical regions.

Methods:
MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and Global Index Medicus will be searched for relevant studies published from March 1, 2011. Two reviewers will independently screen titles and abstracts using Research Screener, review relevant full-text articles for quality and eligibility, and extract data. Studies will, where possible, be pooled with statistical meta-analysis, while heterogeneity will be statistically tested. If relevant data are available, subgroup and sensitivity analyses will be conducted to investigate latitude, sex, age, season of blood collection, supplement use, 25(OH)D assay used (and whether it’s certified to Reference Measurement Procedures developed under the Vitamin D Standardization Program), as well as study quality.

Review registration:
PROSPERO CRD42021242466