bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Color doppler ultrasound analysis of pathological myopia induced changes in retrobulbar blood flow and its relationship with characteristic changes in myopia
Authors: Yu Cui , Xu Chengcheng , Wang Zhicai , Zhang Xiaohua , Huang Xiaoming 
Published: March 2023

Objective: To analyze changes in retrobulbar blood flow in patients with pathological myopia using color doppler ultrasound (CDU), and to explore the relationship of these changes with the characteristic changes resulting from myopia.
Methods: One hundred and twenty patients who met the selection criteria in the ophthalmology department of He Eye Specialist Hospital from May 2020 to May 2022 were included in this study. Patients with normal vision (n=40) were considered Group-A, patients with low and moderate myopia (n=40) were considered Group-B, and patients with pathological myopia (n=40) were considered Group-C. All three groups underwent ultrasonography. The peak systolic blood flow velocity (PSV), end-diastolic blood flow velocity (EDV), and resistance index (RI) of the ophthalmic artery, central retinal artery, and posterior ciliary artery were recorded and compared, and the characteristics of these parameters and myopia severity were analyzed.
Results: Pathological myopia resulted in significantly lower PSV and EDV of the ophthalmic artery, central retinal artery and posterior ciliary artery and higher RI values than patients with normal vision and low/moderate myopia (P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that retrobulbar blood flow changes were significantly correlated with age, eye axis, best corrected visual acuity, and retinal choroidal atrophy.
Conclusion: CDU can objectively evaluate the retrobulbar blood flow changes in pathological myopia, and such blood flow changes are significantly correlated with the characteristic changes of myopia.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.3.7464
How to cite this: Yu C, Xu C, Wang Z, Zhang X, Huang X. Color doppler ultrasound analysis of pathological myopia induced changes in retrobulbar blood flow and its relationship with characteristic changes in myopia. Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(3):853-857. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.3.7464
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Roughness prediction of end milling surface for behavior mapping of digital twined machine tools
Authors: Shang Suiyan , Jiang Gedong , Sun Zheng , Tian Wenwen , Zhang Dawei , Xu Jun , Cheung Chi Fai 
Published: March 2023

Background: The quality of machined parts is considered as a relevant factor to evaluate the production performance of machine tools. For mapping the production performance into a digital twin machine tool, a virtual metrology model for surface roughness prediction, which affects products' mechanical capacity and aesthetic performance, is proposed in this paper. Methods: The proposed model applies a three-layer backpropagation neural network by using real-time vibration, force, and current sensor data collected during the end milling machining process. A grid search plan is used to settle down the number of neurons in the middle layer of the backpropagation neural network. Results: The experimental results indicate that the model with multiple signals as input performs better than it with a single signal. In detail, when the model input is the combination of force, vibration, and current sensor data, the prediction accuracy reaches the optimum with the mean absolute percentage error of 1.01%. Conclusions: Compared with the state-of-the-art convolutional neural network method with automatic feature extraction ability and other commonly used traditional machine learning methods, the proposed data preprocessing procedure integrated with a three-layer backpropagation neural network has a minimum prediction error.
Awareness and intention to register halal certification of micro and small-scale food enterprises
Authors: Oemar Hirawati , Prasetyaningsih Endang , Bakar Siti Zakiah Abu , Djamaludin Djamaludin , Septiani Anis 
Published: March 2023

Background: This paper discusses halal awareness of MSE food producers in West Java Province, Indonesia. Halal awareness is the first step toward obtaining halal certificates, which confirm that the product is lawful according to Islamic Sharia. Unfortunately, despite Islam being the religion of most Indonesians, most food sold in the market lacks a halal certificate due to a lack of awareness among food producers about the importance of selling halal-certified foods. Methods: This study aims at measuring the level of halal awareness and the intention of MSE food producers to register halal certification. Halal awareness is assumed to be influenced by knowledge of halal and the food producers’ perception of the benefits of halal certificates. Furthermore, halal awareness, attitudes, and perception of the ease of procedures will encourage the intention to register halal certification. An electronic Google Form with a cover letter and a set of questionnaires was distributed to collect data. Partial Least Square - Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) was chosen to evaluate the adopted theoretical models in the exploratory research. Results: The results show that halal awareness is influenced by knowledge of halal and perception of its benefits. Moreover, halal awareness influences positively the intention to obtain a halal certificate, but the intention is not significantly affected by attitudes to produce halal foods and perception of procedures for obtaining halal certification. This shows that halal awareness will increase the intention to register halal certification. However, misconceptions about the procedures for obtaining halal certificates keep them from registering. Conclusions: MSE food producers in West Java Province, Indonesia have a good level of awareness about halal food. However, their products are not halal-certified due to the perception of the procedures for obtaining halal certificates are relatively complicated and costly for them.
Agroecology research in Europe funded by European and transnational programmes: current status and perspectives
Authors: Iocola Ileana , Ciaccia Corrado , Colombo Luca , Grard Baptiste , Maurino Stefania , Wezel Alexander , Canali Stefano 
Published: March 2023

Background: Redesigning the agri-food system through agroecology represents a common ambition among practitioners, activists and scholars to achieve environmental and socio-economic sustainability. Research can have a main role to support this path. Although it seems that there is a gradual increasing body of agroecology research, it clearly lacks good knowledge about this. The main objective of this study was therefore to map research projects related to agroecology in Europe with the aim to characterize European research in terms of implementation of agroecology elements, identify needs for future cross collaboration between countries and networks, and support the setting up of appropriate research agendas fostering agroecology research in Europe. Methods: A desktop research with different databases related to European and transnational funding programmes was carried out to identify funded research projects involved in agroecology. The obtained projects were used to perform a social network analysis. Furthermore, two surveys were conducted, one with coordinators of identified projects and a second one for researchers engaged in agroecology. Results: Our study highlighted a predominant trajectory of agroecology research prone to the transformation of the agri-food system. France, Germany, Italy, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, and United Kingdom were the most active countries engaged in agroecology research. In all surveys, issues related to efficiency improvement, synergies strengthening, local economy development, and co-creation and sharing of knowledge were the most implemented to support agri-food transformation. Transdisciplinary approaches were mainly addressed by European projects. Surveys reported a limited participation of value chain actors, while researchers, farmers, and their associations were the most involved. Survey respondents suggested to increase project duration and introduce flexibility methods to modulate research actions according to dynamic of the contexts. Conclusion: On the basis of the results, some policy recommendations were provided to fostering agroecology research in Europe and its contribution for transformation of agri-foods systems.
Children learn ergative case marking in Hindi using statistical preemption and clause-level semantics (intentionality): evidence from acceptability judgment and elicited production studies with children and adults
Authors: Maitreyee Ramya , Saxena Gaurav , Narasimhan Bhuvana , Misra Sharma Dipti , Mishra Pruthwik , Bhaya Nair Rukmini , Samanta Soumitra , Ambridge Ben 
Published: March 2023

Background: A question that lies at the very heart of language acquisition research is how children learn semi-regular systems with exceptions (e.g., the English plural rule that yields cats, dogs, etc, with exceptions feet and men). We investigated this question for Hindi ergative ne marking; another semi-regular but exception-filled system. Generally, in the past tense, the subject of two-participant transitive verbs (e.g., Ram broke the cup) is marked with ne, but there are exceptions. How, then, do children learn when ne marking is required, when it is optional, and when it is ungrammatical? Methods: We conducted two studies using (a) acceptability judgment and (b) elicited production methods with children (aged 4-5, 5-6 and 9-10 years) and adults. Results: All age groups showed effects of statistical preemption: the greater the frequency with which a particular verb appears with versus without ne marking on the subject – relative to other verbs – the greater the extent to which participants (a) accepted and (b) produced ne over zero-marked subjects. Both children and adults also showed effects of clause-level semantics, showing greater acceptance of ne over zero-marked subjects for intentional than unintentional actions. Some evidence of semantic effects at the level of the verb was observed in the elicited production task for children and the judgment task for adults. Conclusions: participants mainly learn ergative marking on an input-based verb-by-verb basis (i.e., via statistical preemption; verb-level semantics), but are also sensitive to clause-level semantic considerations (i.e., the intentionality of the action). These findings add to a growing body of work which suggests that children learn semi-regular, exception-filled systems using both statistics and semantics.
Machine Learning–Supported Prediction of Dual Variables for the Cutting Stock Problem with an Application in Stabilized Column Generation
Authors: Kraul Sebastian , Seizinger Markus , Brunner Jens O. 
Published: March 2023

This article presents a prediction model of the optimal dual variables for the cutting stock problem. For this purpose, we first analyze the influence of different attributes on the optimal dual variables within an instance for the cutting stock problem. We apply and compare our predictions in a stabilization technique for column generation. In most studies, the parameters for stabilized column generation are determined by numerical tests, that is, the same problem is solved several times with different settings. We develop two learning algorithms that predict the best algorithm configuration based on the predicted optimal dual variables and thus omit the numerical study. Our extensive computational study shows the tradeoff between the learning algorithms using full and sparse instance information. We show that both algorithms can efficiently predict the optimal dual variables and dominate the common update mechanism in a generic stabilized column generation approach. Although the learning algorithm with full instance information is applicable when one has to solve the problem mainly for a fixed set of items, the algorithm with sparse instance information is applicable when there is more variability in the number of items between the different instances. History: Accepted by Andrea Lodi, Area Editor for Design & Analysis of Algorithms–Discrete. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/ijoc.2023.1277 .
Perturbation-Based Thresholding Search for Packing Equal Circles and Spheres
Authors: Lai Xiangjing , Hao Jin-Kao , Xiao Renbin , Glover Fred 
Published: March 2023

This paper presents an effective perturbation-based thresholding search for two popular and challenging packing problems with minimal containers: packing N identical circles in a square and packing N identical spheres in a cube. Following the penalty function approach, we handle these constrained optimization problems by solving a series of unconstrained optimization subproblems with fixed containers. The proposed algorithm relies on a two-phase search strategy that combines a thresholding search method reinforced by two general-purpose perturbation operators and a container adjustment method. The performance of the algorithm is assessed relative to a large number of benchmark instances widely studied in the literature. Computational results show a high performance of the algorithm on both problems compared with the state-of-the-art results. For circle packing, the algorithm improves 156 best-known results (new upper bounds) in the range of [Formula: see text] and matches 242 other best-known results. For sphere packing, the algorithm improves 66 best-known results in the range of [Formula: see text], whereas matching the best-known results for 124 other instances. Experimental analyses are conducted to shed light on the main search ingredients of the proposed algorithm consisting of the two-phase search strategy, the mixed perturbation and the parameters. History: Accepted by Erwin Pesch, Area Editor for Heuristic Search & Approximation Algorithms. Funding: This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grants 61703213 and 61933005]. Supplemental Material: The software that supports the findings of this study is available within the paper and its Supplemental Information ( https://pubsonline.informs.org/doi/suppl/10.1287/ijoc.2023.1290 ) as well as from the IJOC GitHub software repository ( https://github.com/INFORMSJoC/2022.0004 ) at ( http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7579558 ).
Dark Knights: The Rise in Firm Intervention by Credit Default Swap Investors
Authors: Danis András , Gamba Andrea 
Published: March 2023

There have been several cases in recent years where credit default swap (CDS) buyers and sellers intervene in the restructuring of a distressed firm. We show theoretically that this can increase firm value. Intervention by CDS buyers solves the commitment problem between equity and debt holders but increases the probability of inefficient liquidation. Intervention by CDS sellers reduces the issue of excessive liquidation while keeping the benefits of CDS buyer intervention. Having both types of intervention decouples the commitment problem from the liquidation problem. Under certain assumptions, the so-called empty creditor problem can be solved, and firm value reaches first best. This paper was accepted by Lukas Schmid, finance. Supplemental Material: The internet appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.4717 .
Routing Optimization with Vehicle–Customer Coordination
Authors: Zhang Wei , Jacquillat Alexandre , Wang Kai , Wang Shuaian 
Published: March 2023

In several transportation systems, vehicles can choose where to meet customers rather than stopping in fixed locations. This added flexibility, however, requires coordination between vehicles and customers that adds complexity to routing operations. This paper develops scalable algorithms to optimize these operations. First, we solve the one-stop subproblem in the [Formula: see text] space and the [Formula: see text] space by leveraging the geometric structure of operations. Second, to solve a multistop problem, we embed the single-stop optimization into a tailored coordinate descent scheme, which we prove converges to a global optimum. Third, we develop a new algorithm for dial-a-ride problems based on a subpath-based time–space network optimization combining set partitioning and time–space principles. Finally, we propose an online routing algorithm to support real-world ride-sharing operations with vehicle–customer coordination. Computational results show that our algorithm outperforms state-of-the-art benchmarks, yielding far superior solutions in shorter computational times and can support real-time operations in very large-scale systems. From a practical standpoint, most of the benefits of vehicle–customer coordination stem from comprehensively reoptimizing “upstream” operations as opposed to merely adjusting “downstream” stopping locations. Ultimately, vehicle–customer coordination provides win–win–win outcomes: higher profits, better customer service, and smaller environmental footprint. This paper was accepted by Chung Piaw Teo, optimization. Funding: This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grants 72288101, 52221005 and 52220105001]. Supplemental Material: The e-companion and data are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.4739 .
Seeded stimulated X-ray emission at 5.9  keV
Authors: Doyle Margaret D. , Halavanau Aliaksei , Zhang Yu , Michine Yurina , Everts Joshua , Fuller Franklin , Alonso-Mori Roberto , Yabashi Makina , Inoue Ichiro , Osaka Taito , Yamada Jumpei , Inubushi Yuichi , Hara Toru , Kern Jan , Yano Junko , Yachandra Vittal K. , Rohringer Nina , Yoneda Hitoki , Kroll Thomas , Pellegrini Claudio , Bergmann Uwe 
Published: March 2023

X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) provide intense pulses that can generate stimulated X-ray emission, a phenomenon that has been observed and studied in materials ranging from neon to copper. Two schemes have been employed: amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) and seeded stimulated emission (SSE), where a second color XFEL pulse provides the seed. Both phenomena are currently explored for coherent X-ray laser sources and spectroscopy. Here, we report measurements of ASE and SSE of the 5.9 keV Mn Kα1 fluorescence line from a 3.9 molar NaMnO4 solution, pumped with 7 femtosecond FWHM XFEL pulses at 6.6 keV. We observed ASE at a pump pulse intensity of 1.7×1019W/cm2, consistent with earlier findings. We observed SSE at dramatically reduced pump pulse intensities down to 1.1×1017W/cm2. These intensities are well within the range of many existing XFEL instruments, which supports the experimental feasibility of SSE as a tool to generate coherent X-ray pulses, spectroscopic studies of transition metal complexes, and other applications.
Hundredfold increase of stimulated Brillouin-scattering bandwidth in whispering-gallery mode resonators
Authors: Lin Guoping , Tian Jingyi , Sun Tang , Song Qinghai , Chembo Yanne K. 
Published: March 2023

Backward stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) is widely exploited for various applications in optics and optoelectronics. It typically features a narrow gain bandwidth of a few tens of megahertz in fluoride crystals. Here we report a hundredfold increase of SBS bandwidth in whispering-gallery mode resonators. The crystalline orientation results in a large variation of the acoustic phase velocity upon propagation along the periphery, from which a broad Brillouin gain is formed. Over 2.5 GHz wide Brillouin gain profile is theoretically found and experimentally validated. SBS phenomena with Brillouin shift frequencies ranging from 11.73 to 14.47 GHz in ultrahigh Q Z-cut magnesium fluoride cavities pumped at the telecommunication wavelength are demonstrated. Furthermore, the Brillouin–Kerr comb in this device is demonstrated. Over 400 comb lines spanning across a spectral window of 120 nm are observed. Our finding paves a new way for tailoring and harnessing the Brillouin gain in crystals.
Effect of prenatal care quality on the risk of low birth weight, preterm birth and vertical transmission of HIV, syphilis, and hepatitis
Authors: Aguiar Debora Melo de , de Andrade Andréia Moreira , Ramalho Alanderson Alves , Martins Fernanda Andrade , Koifman Rosalina Jorge , Opitz Simone Perufo , da Silva Ilce Ferreira 
Published: March 2023

Background
Averse birth-outcomes still affect newborns worldwide. Although high-quality prenatal care is the main strategy to prevent these outcomes, the effect of prenatal care based on Kotelchuck index combined with consultation contents is still unclear. Thus, this article to evaluate the effect of the quality of prenatal care (PC) process on birth indicators in a cohort of puerperaes who attended maternity hospitals in Brazilian western Amazon, city of Rio Branco, in the state of Acre, Brazil, in 2015.

Methods
This research was a hospital-based cohort study. The sample consisted of 1,030 women who gave birth in maternity hospitals in the city between April 6 and June 30, 2015. This research was a hospital-based cohort study. The sample consisted of 1,030 women who gave birth in maternity hospitals in Rio Branco between April 6th. and June 30th., 2015. Prenatal care was classified as fully adequate when started ≤4th month; ≥80.0–109% expected consultations for GA according to the Kotelchuck Index; ≥5 records of blood pressure, weight, GA, fundal height, ≥4 records of fetal heart rate, fetal movements or equivalent to 75% of the number of consultations; in addition to recording ABO/RH, hemoglobin, VDRL, urine, glucose, anti-HIV and anti-toxoplamosis during the 1st trimester. The evaluated outcomes were low birth weight (LBW), preterm birth and vertical transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/hepatitis/syphilis. Differences between proportions were assessed using the X² test, and the crude and adjusted odds ratios (OR) (95% CI) were estimated using unconditional logistic regression.

Results
Overall cohort, the outcomes incidences were 8.8% for LBW, 9.2% for preterm birth, and 1.1% for vertical transmission (syphilis/HIV/hepatitis). Crude and adjusted OR showed that inadequate PC increased the risk statistically significant of LBW (ORcrude: 1.84; 95%CI: 0.99–3.44; ORadjusted: 1.87; 95%CI: 1.00–3.52), and preterm birth (ORcrude: 1.79; 95%CI: 1.00–3.29; ORadjusted: 3.98; 95%CI: 1.40–11.29).

Conclusion
The results draw attention to the importance of quality PC in reducing the risks of LBW, preterm birth, and vertical transmission of syphilis/HIV/hepatitis. Moreover, using this proposed quality prenatal care indicator based on Kotelchuck index combined with consultations contents adjusted by GA may accurately predict unfavorable outcomes.