bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental substantiation of estimating the optical density of venous blood plasma to determine intestinal viability
Authors: Shurma A.I. , Grynchuk F.V. 
Published: December 2022

The aim to evaluate the possibility of determining the optical density of venous blood plasma (ODVBP) to identify the viability of the intestines in the experiment.Material and methods. For the study, 30 nonlinear white rats were used. In 10 animals, the loop of the middle part of the small intestine was tied with a ligature to simulate destruction, and in 10 animals, the loop of the middle part of the colon was ligated. After 12 h, a laparotomy was performed, the ligated loop of the intestine was removed for histological examination and blood was drawn from the jugular vein to measure ODVBP. The control was given to 10 healthy animals.Results. Healthy animals at a wavelength lambda = 310 nm found a specific maximum ODVBP, reaching 0.22 units (0.22 ± 0.01). After 12 h in animals with models of small bowel destruction, the ODVBP values at this wavelength were 0.38 ± 0.17 units, which was statistically significantly (p <0.01) higher than the control values. In animals with models of colon destruction, the indicators of ODVBP at this wavelength were 0.37 ± 0.13 units, which was statistically significantly (p <0.01) higher than the control values. There were no statistically significant differences between the indicators of animals with models of destruction of different parts of the intestine (p> 0.05). Necrotic changes of the intestinal wall were detected on all histological preparations.Conclusions. 1. According to experimental data, in healthy rats at a wavelength lambda = 310 nm, there is a peak ODVBP, reaching 0.22 ± 0.01 units. 2. In animals with models of destruction of the small intestine, the rate of ODVBP at this wavelength increases to 0.38 ± 0.17 units, and in animals with models of destruction of the colon - up to 0.37 ± 0.13 units, which is statistically significant (p (0.01), exceeds the control values, at the same time there are no statistically significant distinctions in different localization of intestinal destruction (p> 0.05). 3. The data obtained indicate the prospects for clinical use of such an index to assess the condition of the intestines under conditions of their destruction and the need for appropriate clinical trials.
Citizen Participation: A Matter of Competency
Authors: Souad Sassi Boudemagh , Rafika Korti 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Citizens are social actors willing to give their time and energy to participate in collective projects, in order to live better in their built environment. Thus, the inhabitant is not only apprehended as a figure of belonging to a place, but he is perceived as being able to act on his environment, to be in connection with it. He is the one who invents his living environment and, beyond, transforms the city in the same way as the other actors. Individuals must acquire skills to become effective participatory citizens and live together in peace and on an equal footing in democratic societies. The recent work in the social sciences, which deals with "scholarly knowledge" and "ordinary knowledge", makes it possible to conclude on this notion of skills and to make the link with the question of the participation of the inhabitants. The "scholarly knowledge" is classified as scientific academic and professional knowledge, opposing knowledges qualified as profane or ordinary, that is to say, shared "by all or part of the social world". From a systemic point of view, the process of participation would be the meeting of these academic knowledge and lay knowledge. The purpose of this article is to understand what types of skills the resident uses, as a resource person, a living force, to engage in the process of participation.
About the Discourse of the Necessity of Military Intervention in Brazil for the "Restoration of Order in the Country": Analytical Notes
Authors: Baronas Roberto , Bonani Tamires 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In this work, based on the analysis of the French orientation discourse, we aim to reflect on a discourse that is becoming increasingly common in Brazil: the request for the Armed Forces to take control of the country by force. Although a recent past full of suffering, death and torture stamped the pages of the history books when telling about the Military Coup of 1964, research indicates the support of more than 40% of the population for a supposed military intervention in Brazil in 2018. In a quick survey of major newspapers in the country and in social networks, we noted that often some statements are associated with the demand for seizure of power, such as: "We are going to sanitize the country", "establish order", "in the name of God and the family, Brazil will be a serious country". Such relations between this "semantic universe" makes us question whether there is a discursive "order" that governs and sustains this need for military intervention in Brazil. Therefore, we will use a theoretical-discursive approach based on the concepts of Alice Krieg-Planque (2016), Dominique Maingueneau (2014) and Marie-Anne Paveau (2015), more specifically of small phrases and discursive virtue, respectively. The latter guides us in the sense of answering a question that the author herself asks: "Will there be good statements in the moral sense of the term? If so, what then is a statement capable of receiving a judgment of moral value? And how does moral value manifest itself linguistically?" (p. 24). This is because, for her, this notion "functions at the core of an ethics of values and supposes an intersubjective negotiation within a given group or given society" (p. 26). For the constitution of our corpus, will be analyzed especially statements published in newspapers and magazines of great circulation in the country.
Psychometric properties of the Slovenian version of the cardiac depression scale
Authors: Palandačič Anja Kokalj , Ucman Saša , Lainščak Mitja , Šarotar Brigita Novak 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Introduction
The aim of this study was to translate the Cardiac Depression Scale into the Slovenian language and test its validity and reliability on Slovenian patients with heart disease.

Methods
A total of 272 patients with heart disease who underwent elective coronary angiography at Celje General Hospital participated in this study. We used the Slovenian Cardiac Depression Scale (S-CDS), the Spielberger State Anxiety Inventory (STAI-S), and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale-20 (CES-D) to collect data. An exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and concurrent validity were performed.

Results
Cronbach’s alpha for the total scale was 0.92 and the test-retest reliability was 0.71. Exploratory factor analysis confirmed six factors, accounting for 61% of the total variance. The confirmatory factor analysis indicated that a two- and one-factor solution had acceptable goodness-of-fit measures. However, we kept a more parsimonious one-factor method, given a high correlation between the two factors and the theoretical background in previous studies. Concurrent validation against the CES-D and the STAI-S showed moderate to strong correlations.

Conclusions
The S-CDS is a reliable and valid instrument for screening for depression in Slovenian patients with heart disease.
Vitamin D fortification of eggs alone and in combination with milk in women aged 44–65 years: Fortification model and economic evaluation
Authors: Vičič Vid , Mikuš Ruža Pandel , Kugler Saša , Geršak Ksenija , Osredkar Joško , Kukec Andreja 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Introduction
For almost nine decades, the fortification of foods with vitamin D has been proven effective in preventing rickets. This study aims to build and economically evaluate a fortification model based on egg biofortification and milk (including yoghurt) fortification.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was carried out between 1. March and 31. May 2021. Three hundred and nineteen healthy women from the Central Slovenian region aged between 44 and 65 were recruited for the study, with 176 participants included in the final analysis. For the fortification model calculations, the vitamin D contents of unenriched milk (including yoghurt) and eggs were replaced by enriched foods containing vitamin D. The economic evaluation was done using available drug and food supplement prices. Fortification costs were calculated using vitamin D prices provided by suppliers.

Results
Mean vitamin D intake from food was 2.19±1.34 µg/d. With fortification Model 1 (enriched eggs), it would be: 6.49±4.45 µg/d, and with Model 2 (enriched eggs and milk): 10.53±6.49 µg/d. Without fortification, none of the participants would reach a daily vitamin D intake >10 µg. With fortification Model 1 (egg fortification), 15.3% would reach >10 µg and with Model 2 (egg and milk fortification) 46.2% would reach >10 µg. The economic comparison of the annual cost of 10 µg vitamin D/d/person was EUR 6.17 for prescription drugs, EUR 6.37 for food supplements, EUR 0.09 for direct milk fortification and EUR 0.12 for egg biofortification with vitamin D.

Conclusions
Egg and milk (including yoghurt) fortification could cost-effectively increase vitamin D intake in the Slovenian population of women between 44 and 65 by almost five-fold, and could significantly lower the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency. Additional research and changes to legislation are needed before this can be introduced.
Binge eating in a Slovenian population-based sample of adults
Authors: Bizjak Maša Černelič , Adamič Katarina 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Introduction
Binge eating is the most common form of disordered eating associated with obesity, reduced quality of life, and medical and psychological comorbidities. It therefore affects the well-being of individuals. This underscores the fact that it is a serious public health problem. The study aimed to investigate binge eating and anxiety across gender, age and body mass index in a large population sample of adults in Slovenia.

Methods
A total of 3,310 adult volunteers participated in this cross-sectional study. Questionnaires, including a binge eating and anxiety scale and an eating behaviour questionnaire, were completed by 1,487 subjects (90.9% female, ages 18 to 69).

Results
The frequency of reported binge eating was 29.9%, with 9.8% of participants reporting severe binge eating, and the presence of overweight and obesity was high (41.8%). BMI was associated with this problematic eating, and explained 5.4% of the variation in binge eating. Importantly, anxiety was the most important factor related to binge eating, with younger participants and women reporting significantly more anxiety.

Conclusion
The high presence of binge eating, obesity and anxiety in the Slovenian population-based sample is worrying. Anxiety is clearly an important factor in understanding the relationship between negative affect and binge eating, as it accounts for a greater proportion of the variance in binge eating symptoms than BMI. Particularly concerning was the fact that the youngest participants showed the greatest anxiety. Targeting anxious adolescents and females is important from a health perspective because it can impact the physical and mental health of the population in the long term.
رمزية اللغة العبثية في مسرحيات قاسم فنجان
Authors: Khidr Ghannam Muhammad , Khaled Atyaf Talal 
Published: December 2022

يعد الرمز مظهراً من مظاهر اللغة، إذ أصبح بعد ميلاده أحب أشكال التعبير الفني الى الكاتب في الأدب والفن، وظهر بصورة واسعة ضمن الأعمال السريالية والخيالية والرمزية والاستعارية والمجازيةز اصل الكلمة في اللغة اليونانية تعني الحرز والتقدير, وللرمز تاريخه الطويل في علم اللاهوت Theology إذ تترادف هذه الكلمة Symbol مع كلمة Greed والتي يقصد بها دستور الايمان المسيحي, والرمز في أبسط صوره هو علامة أو إشارة قد تكون صورة أو نغمة لها دلالة معروفة أو دلالة معينة في مجال التجربة الأنسانية المحسوسة والمتوارثة, يختلف الرمز لدى أرسطو عن غيره فقد قصره على الرموز اللغوية, بينما هو عند أصحاب الإتجاه العام (إشارات مطلقة), ويعَدُّ (جوتيه) أول من حدد مفهوم الرمز Symbol بطريقة أدبية حديثة, فالرمز يعبّر عن إحساس ناشىء عن علاقة أو تفاعل ببعض مكونات الوجود, لا يمكن للمبدع ترجمته ضمن علاقات اللغة التواضعية, وعند تحرر اللغة من عوالق ماضيها, يصبح على المبدع إنتداب الرمز لما أراد. لغة تنتفي منها الدلالة المباشرة, وتعتمد في الأساس على الموسيقى والإيحاء, ويمكن تحديد خصوصية الرمز في المسرح بقدرته على استعمال ثلاث وظائف ممكنة : وهي إيقونة , إيمائية , والإشارة في حالة الكلام والرمزي بمنزلة السيميولوجي للنمط الخيالي. ويخالف الرمزيون غيرهم في استعمالهم للرمز, وذلك بجعل تلك الوسيلة للاختراق والنفاذ لعالم لا تتوصل اليه الحواس, وللتعبير عما يستحيل التعبير عنه.
أثر أنموذج فان هيل في تنمية بعض مهارات التفكير الاستدلالي عند طلاب الصف الخامس العلمي الاحيائي في مادة الاحياء
Authors: Hamid Safaa Ahmed 
Published: December 2022

استهدف البحث الحالي تعرف أثر أنموذج فان هيل في تنمية مهارات التفكير الاستدلالي عند طلاب الصف الخامس العلمي الاحيائي في مادة الاحياء.
ولتحقيق هدف البحث صيغت أربع فرضيات صفرية .
تحددت عينة البحث بطلاب الصف الخامس العلمي الاحيائي في المديرية العامة لتربية صلاح الدين – قسم تربية الدور في اعدادية الدور للبنين واعدادية القسطل للبنين للموضوعات الثلاثة من الكتاب المقرر للعام الدراسي (2016-2017) , وقد اختير التصميم التجريبي للمجموعتين المتكافئتين ذواتي الاختبارين القبلي والبعدي, وشملت عينة البحث (63) طالباً تم اختيارهم قصدياً من مجتمع البحث وتم تقسيمهم الى مجموعتين الأولى) التجريبية (تضم (32) طالباً دُرس أفرادها على وفق أنموذج فان هيل, والثانية) ضابطة (تضم (31) طالباً دُرس أفرادها على وفق الطريقة الاعتيادية.
كوفئت مجموعتي البحث في عدد من المتغيرات التي قد تؤثر في سلامة التصميم التجريبي للبحث؛ الذكاء والعمر الزمني ودرجات التحصيل في مادة الاحياء للسنة السابقة من العام الدراسي (2015-2016), والاختبار القبلي للتفكير الاستدلالي والمستوى التعليمي للوالدين فضلاً عن بعض الإجراءات الأخرى المتعلقة بالسلامة الداخلية للتجربة, مثل: ضبط ادوات القياس والمدة الزمنية وتوزيع الدروس وقام الباحث بتدريس مجموعتي البحث بنفسه وقد تطلب تحقيق البحث وجود أداة وهي اختبار التفكير الاستدلالي إذ أعدَّ الباحث اختباراً لقياس التفكير الاستدلالي بواقع (24) فقرة, شملت مهارات (الاستقراء والاستنباط والاستنتاج) بواقع (8) فقرات لكل مهارة. .
أثر استراتيجية أوجد الخطأ في تحصيل طالبات الصف الأول المتوسط في مادة القران الكريم والتربية الإسلامية وتنمية قيمهن الاجتماعية
Authors: Al- Jubouri Falah Saleh Hussein , Hamid Khader Jubouri Najla Abdul Jalil 
Published: December 2022

يهدف البحث الحالي إلى التعرف على:
(أثر استراتيجية أوجد الخطأ في تحصيل طالبات الصف الأول المتوسط في مادة القران الكريم والتربية الإسلامية وتنمية قيمهن الاجتماعية).
ولغرض التحقق من هذا هدف البحث صاغ الباحثان الفرضيات الآتية:

لا يوجد فرق ذو دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى دلالة (0.05) بين متوسط درجات طالبات المجموعة التجريبية ومتوسط درجات طالبات المجموعة الضابطة في تحصيل مادة القران الكريم والتربية الإسلامية.
لا يوجد فرق ذو دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى (0.05) بين متوسط الفرق بين درجات طالبات المجموعة التجريبية، ومتوسط الفرق بين درجات طالبات المجموعة الضابطة لتنمية قيمهن الاجتماعية في الاختبار البعدي.
لا يوجد فرق ذو دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى دلالة (0.05) بين متوسط درجات طالبات المجموعة التجريبية في الاختبارين القبلي والبعدي للقيم الاجتماعية.

كافأ الباحثان بين مجموعتي البحث في عدد من المتغيرات ذوات العلاقة
ولإجراء التجربة أعد الباحثان اختباراً تحصيلياً بلغ عدد فقراته (30) فقرة ،أما مقياس القيم الاجتماعية فقد اشتمل على (30) فقرة
A Cognitive-Functionalist Interpretation of Modularity
Authors: ALBajjari Ismael F. Hussain 
Published: December 2022

Modularity has been the subject of intense debate in philosophy, psychology, and especially, in the cognitive sciences since the early 1980s, due to the publication of Fodor's ground-breaking book The Modularity of Mind (1983). However, in most cases of such modular views of the mind, misunderstandings have impeded an access to a more conceptually plausible account of modularity; a case that concerns us most here. This paper identifies the most striking arguments in the relevant literature, with special attention on the modularity argument proclaimed by J. Fodor (1983) that has been either limited in scope and depth, or misconceptualized by proponents. In particular, it reviews briefly the most modular assumptions made in this argument; those related to the cognitive architecture of the mind, and the perceptual-linguistic processes that are structured in terms of modules, or "organs". It is proposed here that modularity, clearly defined, may provide a useful framework for directing research works about human cognitive system, in general, and cognitive systematic processes of language use, in particular. Modularity might prove indispensable for understanding the structure of the mind, and offering insights into those mental mechanisms of human language processing as well. To that end, the paper, largely following the stance of Modern Massive Modularity, proposes a hierarchically cognitive-functionalist model of the modularity of mind, whose biggest claim is to argue that the architecture of the mind is more pervasively modular than the Fodorian perspective permits, and that the line of modularity might be drawn, not only up to the high-level systems responsible for thought, but also at the low-level systems (sub-systems) underlying perception and language.
The Effectiveness of Interactive Writing Strategy in Teaching Writing to EFL Preparatory School Students and their Attitudes Towards Writing
Authors: Majed Nahida Taha , Muhammad Zainab Chalabi 
Published: December 2022

A sample of sixty- four eleventh grade male students has been purposively chosen from Al-Tuz city at ,Salah Al-Deen Governorate in the scholastic year (2017-2018) and equally distributed into experimental and control groups. The experimental group is taught writing by using the interactive writing strategy, while the control group is taught by using the traditional method, i.e. without using the interactive writing strategy for a period of three months. An achievement pre-posttest and a questionnaire have been constructed and administrated to the involved sample of the study.
The collected data have been analyzed statistically. The obtained result are as follows: There is a significant difference between the mean scores of the experimental group in the pretest and that in the posttest of the writing skill, and in favour of the posttest. There is no significant difference between the mean scores of the control group in the pretest and that in the posttest of the writing skill.There is a significant difference between the mean scores of the experimental group and that of the control group in the posttest, and in favour of the experimental group.There is a significant difference between the mean scores of the experimental group in the pre application and that in the post application of the questionnaire, and in favour of the post application. There is no significant difference between the mean scores of the control group in the pre application and that in the post application of the questionnaire, and in favour of the post application.There is a significant difference between the mean scores of the experimental group and that of the control group in the post application of the questionnaire, and in favour of the experimental group.
Effect of Population Density on the Model of the Spread of Measles
Authors: Harianto Joko , Tuturop Katarina Lodia , Angelika Venthy 
Published: December 2022

This study is expected to contribute to the health sector, specifically to describe the dynamics of the measles spread through the models that have been analyzed. One of the factors that became the focus of this study was reviewing the influence of population density on measles spread. The initial step formulated the model and then determined the primary reproduction number and analyzed the stability of the model equilibrium point. The results of the analysis of this model show that there are two conditions for the value of which is a requirement that the existence of two model equilibrium points as well as local stability is needed, namely and . When , there exists a unique equilibrium point, called the non-endemic equilibrium point denoted by . Conversely, when , there are two equilibrium points, namely and the endemic equilibrium point characterized by . The results of local stability analysis show that when , the equilibrium point is stable asymptotic locally. It means that if hold, then in a long time there will not be a spread of disease in the susceptible and vaccinated sub-population, or in other words, the outbreak of the disease will stop. Conversely, when equilibrium point is stable asymptotic locally. It means that if , then measles disease is still in the environment for an infinite time with the condition of the proportions of each sub-population approach to , , and .
PENGARUH KOMPOS BIOMASSA GULMA DAUN LEBAR TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN SAWI KERITING PADA TANAH ALUVIAL
Authors: Elvidius Elvidius , Budi Setia , Zulfita Dwi 
Published: December 2022

This research aimed to know the influence of broad leaf weeds biomassa compos and the exact dose toward the growth and the result of curly cabbage on aluvial land. This research was conducted in the farm of agriculture faculty in Tanjungpura university from 6 july 2013 until 14 august 2013.This research used field experiment method with randomized system, consists of 6 treatments and 4 tests, each test consists of 3 sample of plants. The treatments is: k0 = without give compos, k1 = give compos about 38,43 g /polybag same with 4720 kg/ha, k2 = give compos about 74,43 g /polybag same with 8720 kg/ha, k3 = give compos about 110,43 g /polybag same with 12720 kg/ha, k4 = give compos about 146,43 g /polybag same with 16720 kg/ha, k5 = give compos about 182,43 g /polybag same with 20720 kg/ha. The variable that has examined is the volume of root (cm3), amount of leaf clorofil (spad unit), wide of leaf (cm2),weight of dry plant s(g), weight of fresh plants(g), weight of leaf (sheet).The result of this research shows that the given of biomassa weeds broad leaves compos can increase the growth of mustrad greens on aluvial land. Biomassa weeds broad leaves compos is effective for the growht and result of mustrad greens on aluvial land is with dose 38,43 g/polybag. Keywords: broad leaf weeds biomassa compos, growth, result, curly cabbage, aluvial land
Defect Analysis of Printing Process in Offset Printing Industry by Using Failure Mode Effect Analysis (FMEA) and Fault Tree Analysis (FTA)
Authors: Mulyana Ig. Jaka , Hartoyo Samuel Sindhunata , Sianto Martinus Edy 
Published: December 2022

KOP Corp. is an offset printing company, especially in packaging printing (folding boxes). KOP Corp. faced many defects in production. This has an impact on increasing cost and customer dissatisfaction. This paper discusses Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) and Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) to find root cause of problem. FMEA use to prioritized sources of problem. Moreover, FTA is used for finding out the root of the problem. Based on Risk Priority Number (RPN), three failure modes with the largest RPN, namely defect printed, color is not up to standard and defect in the picture. By using the FTA method, analyzed the root problems of these failure modes. After creating a Fault Tree Diagram and looking for a minimum Cut Set, it can be recommended several improvements such as the socialization of a good sampling plan, the design of a training program, Quality Control Circle development, and the selection of good suppliers.