bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of a novel parvovirus in the Arctic wolf (Canis lupus)
Authors: Dai Ziyuan , Zhu Rong , Chen Hongmei , Sun Mingzhong 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Through the utilization of a viral metagenomic approach, a novel virus has been found in a pharyngeal metagenomic library derived from an Arctic wolf (Canis lupus). This virus has been temporarily designated as AWPV and assigned a GenBank accession number BK063423. The genome of AWPV is comprised of 4,920 base pairs, and its nucleotide composition is composed of 36.4% A, 23.4% T, 18.2% G, and 22.0% C, with a GC content of 40.2%. The viral genome demonstrates a typical pattern of parvovirus organization, with two predicted ORFs: ORF1, which encodes non-structural proteins NS1 and NS2, and ORF2, which encodes VP1 and VP2. By performing a pairwise sequence comparison and a phylogenetic analysis based on the NS1 and VP1 protein sequences, it has been suggested that AWPV may represent a novel species within the genus Protoparvovirus. This discovery of a novel parvovirus has enhanced our comprehension of the mammalian virus ecology and has facilitated an improved understanding of potential future infectious diseases.
Prioritization of Important Plant Areas for conservation of frailejones (Espeletiinae, Asteraceae) in the Northern Andes
Authors: Morales-Rozo Clara , Acuña-Rodríguez Ian S. , Duque Juan Carlos Benavides , Rincon-Parra Víctor Julio , Diazgranados Mauricio 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

The Tropical Andes region harbors highly significant and threatened biodiversity areas. However, due to its misidentification, conservation initiatives in these regions are limited and need more substantial support. Identifying Important Plant Areas (IPAs) offers a valuable methodology for establishing conservation priorities, a particularly complex task in a mega-biodiverse region such as the Andean tropics. Due to its iconic recognition and conservation value, this study focused on the Espeletiinae subtribe (Asteraceae) as a reference group, and we compiled species distribution data for 138 taxa from 5,560 georeferenced records. Using the IPA, we divided the study area into 220 Units of Analysis (UA) represented by 10 × 10 km plots. Refined distribution areas, incorporating richness, threatened species, and ecosystem-based richness distributions, were analyzed using newly generated maps. Most UAs were concentrated in Colombia's Eastern Cordillera, extending into Venezuela. Our analysis identified 176 UAs using sub-criterion cA1 (with 59 species) and 51 UAs using sub-criterion cB (with 76 species). We classified 11 UAs as high-priority, 58 as medium-priority, and 143 as low-priority, highlighting the IPAs that require focused conservation efforts. Key findings from our study include: i) the first regional-level application of IPA methodology; ii) the potential of implementing criteria A and B to support global biodiversity recovery targets; and iii) the suitability of Espeletiinae as a focal group for systematic conservation planning in the region. Accordingly, we consider that our results establish a spatial planning procedure and analytical tool for decision-makers to guide conservation management and actions across the tropical Andean region.
Lions &amp; sea lions &amp; bears, oh my: utilizing museum specimens to study the ossification sequence of carnivoran taxa
Authors: Sarasa Jonathan L , Okamoto Alexander S , Wright Mark A , Pierce Stephanie E , Capellini Terence D 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background:
Mammalian skeletons are largely formed before birth. Heterochronic changes in skeletal formation can be investigated by comparing the order of ossification for different elements of the skeleton. Due to the challenge of collecting prenatal specimens in viviparous taxa, opportunistically collected museum specimens provide the best material for studying prenatal skeletal development across many mammalian species. Previous studies have investigated ossification sequence in a range of mammalian species, but little is known about the pattern of bone formation in Carnivora. Carnivorans have diverse ecologies, diets, and biomechanical specializations and are well-suited for investigating questions in evolutionary biology. Currently, developmental data on carnivorans is largely limited to domesticated species. To expand available data on carnivoran skeletal development, we used micro computed tomography (micro-CT) to non-invasively evaluate the degree of ossification in all prenatal carnivoran specimens housed in the Harvard Museum of Comparative Zoology. By coding the presence or absence of bones in each specimen, we constructed ossification sequences for each species. Parsimov-based genetic inference (PGi) was then used to identify heterochronic shifts between carnivoran lineages and reconstruct the ancestral ossification sequence of Carnivora.
Results:
We used micro-CT to study prenatal ossification sequence in six carnivora species: Eumetopias jubatus (Steller sea lion, n = 6), Herpestes javanicus (small Indian mongoose, n = 1), Panthera leo (lion, n = 1), Urocyon cinereoargenteus (gray fox, n = 1), Ursus arctos arctos (Eurasian brown bear, n = 1), and Viverricula indica (small Indian civet, n = 5). Due to the relatively later stage of collection for the available specimens, few heterochronic shifts were identified. Ossification sequences of feliform species showed complete agreement with the domestic cat. In caniforms, the bear and fox ossification sequences largely matched the dog, but numerous heterochronic shifts were identified in the sea lion.
Conclusions:
We use museum specimens to generate cranial and postcranial micro-CT data on six species split between the two major carnivoran clades: Caniformia and Feliformia. Our data suggest that the ossification sequence of domesticated dogs and cats are likely good models for terrestrial caniforms and feliforms, respectively, but not pinnipeds.
Young BMSC-derived extracellular vesicles containing lncRNA sponging miR-1843a-5p to regulate Mob3a/YAP axis promote osteogenesis of senescent BMSCs
Authors: Qi Lei , Pan Cancan , Yan Jinge , Ge Weiwen , Liu Lu , Zhao Hanjiang , Wang Jing , Zhang Lei , Lin Dan , Shen Steve GF 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Bone repair in elderly patients poses a huge challenge due to the age-related progressive degenerative decline in regenerative abilities attributed to the senescence of bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs). Stem cell extracellular vesicles-mediated therapy are increasingly acknowledged as a promising strategy for delaying senescence and promoting osteogenesis. Osteoinductive exosome (OI-exo) derived from young BMSCs was applied to treatment of aging bone regeneration and demonstrated to alleviate aging-related phenotypes and promote proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of senescent BMSCs in vitro. OI-exo-loaded hierarchical mesoporous bioactive glass (MBG) scaffold was applied in calvarial defect of aged rats and induced rapid bone formation and efficient enhancement in osteogenesis in vivo, though excess activity of bone resorption in senescent individuals remained a tremendous challenge in aged bone regeneration. The potential underlying mechanism of young extracellular vesicles-enhanced osteogenesis of old BMSCs was revealed that OI-exos were rich in lncRNA-ENSRNOG00000056625, which functioned as a promoter of YAP dephosphorylation and nuclear translocation, ultimately resulting in elevated proliferation and osteogenic differentiation and reduced senescence-related phenotypes. The findings herein revealed the competing endogenous RNA network lncRNA-ENSRNOG00000056625/miR-1843a-5p/Mob3a, and might provide novel insights into the extracellular vesicles-stimulated osteogenesis and the downstream YAP signaling as a potential critical pathway in aging bone regeneration.
Carbon content and Stock per unit Volume of Bamboo- and Wood-based panels
Authors: Zhang Suzhen , Hong Yifeng , Yu Haixia , Yang Weiming , Zhan Mengyao , Zhang Yahui , Zhu Anming , Yu Wenji 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Bamboo and fast-growing wood are sustainable, low-carbon materials that function as forest carbon sinks and can be processed into products that sequester carbon dioxide. Compared with other petrochemical materials, they showed the advantage of low-carbon sustainable development. However, the carbon content of bamboo- and wood-based panels (BWBP) is yet to be systematically quantified. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the carbon content and stock per unit volume of typical BWBP and systematically analyzed the influencing factors. In total 43 typical BWBP were collected from the market, their carbon content was determined using the dry burning method, and the carbon stock per unit volume was calculated. The thermal stability and elemental composition were analyzed by thermogravimetric analysis and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results indicated that the material used, basic compositional units, and auxiliary materials were important factors affecting the carbon content, with a higher content observed in bamboo-based boards. The highest carbon contents of 53.81% and 50.22% were observed in the hot-pressed deep and shallow carbonized reconstituted bamboo boards, respectively. For the constituent units, a smaller size indicated greater carbon loss and lower carbon content; the highest carbon content of 48.20% was observed in laminated wood, and the lowest in fiberboard (44.08%). Carbon storage is closely related to the density, carbon content, and water content. The carbon storage capacity of the bamboo-based board was generally higher than that of the wood-based board, with the highest (563.72 kg/\({\text{m}}^{3}\)) observed in recombined bamboo and the lowest (181.93 kg/\({\text{m}}^{3}\)) in laminated wood.
Robotic pancreaticoduodenectomy in the young
Authors: Shyr Bor-Shiuan , Shih Mu-Shan , Wang Shin-E , Chen Shih-Chin , Shyr Yi-Ming , Shyr Bor-Uei 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Pancreaticoduodenectomy is rarely performed in young patients, and the impact of age on surgical and survival outcomes after robotic pancreaticoduodenectomy has not been extensively studied. This study aimed to evaluate the surgical and survival outcomes of patients aged < 50 years who underwent robotic pancreaticoduodenectomy. A comparative study was conducted on patients who underwent robotic pancreaticoduodenectomy divided into two groups: young (age, < 50 years) and old (age, ≥ 50 years). A total of 555 patients were included in this study, with 53 (9.5%) in the young group and 502 (90.5%) in the old group. Periampullary adenocarcinomas were less common in the young group (32.1% vs. 76.5%), whereas solid and pseudopapillary tumors (9.4% vs. 1.0%) and neuroendocrine tumors (15.1% vs. 3.6%) were more common. Soft pancreatic parenchyma (77.4% vs. 62.5%) and non-dilated (≤ 3 mm) pancreatic ducts (77.4% vs. 46.3%) were more prevalent in the young group. The young group had a shorter length of stay (median, 16 vs. 20 days). There were no significant differences in the other surgical outcomes and risks. Survival outcomes for overall periampullary adenocarcinoma favored the young group, with a 5-year survival rate of 76.4% vs. 46.7% in the old group. Robotic pancreaticoduodenectomy in the young patients (< 50 years) is associated with comparable surgical outcomes and favorable survival outcomes for periampullary adenocarcinoma compared with the older patients (≥ 50 years). These findings highlight the feasibility and safety of robotic pancreaticoduodenectomy in the young population.
Evolution and why everything else: psychic systems and how they drive neurobehavioral patterns
Authors: Shafik Ali Ismail Ahmed 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This research paper explores the Evolutionary Seeking System (ESS) and its potential applications in understanding human behavior and mental health. Employing a multi-faceted methodology encompassing qualitative and quantitative approaches, as well as case studies, we investigate the intricate dynamics of the ESS and its interaction with Survival by Proxy (SbP). I delve into the role of neural networks, external stimuli, and their impact on adaptation and coping mechanisms.
Methodology
Qualitative data collection involved semi-structured interviews, while quantitative data was gathered through survey questionnaires, both exploring participants' experiences related to stress, adaptation, and coping mechanisms. Case studies provided in-depth insights into real-life scenarios, including addiction recovery. Ethical considerations ensured participant consent and confidentiality. Thematic analysis and statistical methods were applied for data analysis.
Results
Qualitative findings revealed recurring themes related to the ESS and SbP, highlighting their significance in shaping human responses to stressors. Quantitative data indicated a prevalence of Survival by Proxy behaviors in various contexts. Case studies illustrated the complexities of these concepts in real-life scenarios.
Conclusion
This research underscores the potential significance of the ESS in explaining psychiatric diseases, neurobehavioral patterns, and as an effective framework for psychoanalysis and neurobehavioral research. By dissecting the interplay between neural networks, survival mechanisms, and external stimuli, we gain deeper insights into the origins of behavioral patterns and mental health conditions. The ESS has the potential to bridge evolutionary biology, psychology, and neuroscience, offering new avenues for research and innovative therapies. Further exploration and development of this theory hold the promise of a more comprehensive understanding of the human experience and its implications for well-being.
Temperature-dependent reflectance of copper with different surface conditions measured at 1064 nm
Authors: Mattern Manuel , Kukreja Lalit Mohan , Ostendorf Andreas 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

In order to fully understand and eventually overcome the instabilities in laser welding of copper using 1064 nm wavelength lasers, it is important to get a deeper understanding about the interaction of the incident beam with the copper surface during the process. One of the main parameters determining this behavior is the temperature-dependent absorptance. However, the existing datasets only show little consistency between the different sources, do often not include the important absorptance step at melt temperature, or they are only calculated. This article thus presents our experimental approach to measure the reflectance of electro tough pitch copper (Cu-ETP) from room temperature until beyond the melting point with an integrating sphere setup. The setup was developed with particular attention to measurement accuracy up to high temperatures. We measured the reflectance using a 1064 nm laser under an incident angle of 12° for four different sample groups, which are untreated copper as received from the supplier, mechanically polished copper, copper that we annealed in a nitrogen atmosphere for oxide reduction and copper that had resolidified after melting in nitrogen atmosphere. The measurement results reveal significant differences in the temperature-dependent reflectance between the sample types and, for some types, also between the samples of the same type. This study investigates the origins of the most significant features in the reflectance curves and their potential impact on laser copper processes like laser welding.
Amlodipine increases risk of primary open angle glaucoma
Authors: Lehrer Steven , Rheinstein Peter 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
The use of calcium channel blockers (CCBs), especially cardioselective medicines, is associated with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) in a statistically meaningful but minor way. In general, those who had received CCB medication were at a 23% increased risk of developing glaucoma in comparison to those who had never taken the antihypertensive drugs.
Methods
We used MedWatch and UK Biobank (UKBB) data to evaluate the effects of amlodipine on POAG and intra ocular pressure (IOP). We analyzed 3 POAG associated SNPs: rs9913911, an intron variant in Growth arrest-specific 7 (GAS7), one of the genes that influences IOP; rs944801, an intron variant within CDKN2B-AS1, and rs2093210, an intron variant within SIX6, known to be associated with vertical cup-disc ratio (VCDR), an important optic nerve head parameter that is often used to define or diagnose glaucoma.
Results
Amlodipine use in MedWatch doubled the prevalence of POAG, from 0.0805–0.177%, a small but significant increase. Multivariate analysis by logistic regression of UKBB data revealed that POAG risk was significantly increased with age, male sex, and major alleles of rs9913911 (GAS7) and rs944801 (CDKN2B-AS1), minor allele of rs2093210 (SIX6). Amlodipine increased POAG risk by 16.1% (p = 0.032).
Conclusion
Amlodipine, a frequently prescribed drug and first line treatment for hypertension, has a potentially hazardous relationship with POAG. Knowledge of this link can guide the prescribing of alternate drugs for hypertensive individuals who have glaucoma or are at risk for it. Diuretics and beta blockers are not associated with POAG or increased IOP and could be substituted for amlodipine in hypertensive patients with POAG. If the physician feels that amlodipine treatment is necessary, hypertensive patients with a family history of glaucoma should have at least an eye examination and regular follow-up scheduled before amlodipine is initiated.
Ion exchange synthesis of copper-based hydroxyapatite for the catalytic degradation of phenol
Authors: Peng Yu , Wang Zhaobo , Ren Dajun , Zhang Xiaoqing , Zhang Shuqin , Chen Wangsheng 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Hydroxyapatite (HAP) is a material renowned for its exceptional capabilities in adsorbing and exchanging heavy metal ions, making it a widely employed substance within the environmental domain. This study aims to present a novel material, namely copper–HAP (Cu–HAP), which was synthesized via an ion exchange method. The resulting material underwent comprehensive characterization using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis. Subsequently, based on the principle of the Fenton-like oxidation reaction, the material was used for the degradation of phenol. The outcomes of the investigation revealed that the optimal preparation conditions for the catalyst were achieved at a temperature of 40 °C, a pH value of 5, and a relative dosage of Cu–HAP at 100 mg/g. Under the reaction conditions of a catalyst dosage of 2 g/L, a 30% hydrogen peroxide concentration of 30 mM, a phenol concentration of 20 mg/L, a pH value of 6, a temperature of 40 °C, and the degradation rate of phenol impressively reached 98.12%. Furthermore, the degradation rate remained at 42.31% even after five consecutive cycles, indicating the promising potential of Cu–HAP in the treatment of recalcitrant organic compounds within this field.
Sex-Dependent Synergism of an Edible THC: CBD Formulation in
Reducing Anxiety and Depressive-like Symptoms Following Chronic Stress
Authors: Pérez-Valenzuela Enzo , Hudson Roger , Uzuneser Taygun , De Felice Marta , Szkudlarek Hanna , Rushlow Walter , Laviolette Steven R. 
Published: September 2023

:
Cannabis has shown therapeutic potential in mood and anxiety-related pathologies. However,
the two primary constituents of cannabis, cannabidiol (CBD) and Δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)
produce distinct effects on molecular pathways in neural circuits associated with affective disorders.
Moreover, it has been proposed that the combination of THC: and CBD may have unique synergistic
properties. In the present study, the effects of a 1:100 THC: CBD ratio edible formulation were tested
in behavioural, neuronal and molecular assays for anxiety and depressive-like endophenotypes. Adult
male and female Sprague-Dawley rats were stressed for 14 days. Then, for three weeks, open field, elevated
plus maze, light/dark box, social interaction, sucrose preference, and the forced swim test were
performed 90 minutes after acute consumption of CBD (30 mg/kg), THC (0.3 mg/kg), or 1:100 combination
of THC:CBD. After behavioural tests, in vivo, neuronal electrophysiological analyses were
performed in the ventral tegmental area and prefrontal cortex (PFC). Furthermore, western-blot experiments
examined the expression of biomarkers associated with mood and anxiety disorders, including
protein kinase B (Akt), glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3), BDNF, mTOR, D1, and D2 receptor in
nucleus accumbens (NAc) and PFC.Edible THC:CBD produces significant anxiolytic and antidepressant
effects only in stressed male rats. In most cases, the combination of THC and CBD had stronger
effects than either phytochemical alone. These synergistic effects are associated with alterations in
Akt/GSK3 and D2-R expression in NAc and BDNF expression in PFC. Furthermore, THC:CBD reverses
chronic stress-induced alterations in PFC neuronal activity. These findings demonstrate a novel
synergistic potential for THC:CBD edible formulations in stress-related pathologies.
Treatment of Allergic Rhinitis in Clinical Practice
Authors: Tosca Maria Angela , Trincianti Chiara , Naso Matteo , Nosratian Valentina , Ciprandi Giorgio 
Published: September 2023

Abstract:
Allergic rhinitis is a prevalent condition among children, with its occurrence reaching up
to 40% of the general population in some geographical areas. A type 2 immunity sustains allergic
rhinitis. Consequently, type 2 inflammation leads to eosinophilic infiltrate of the nasal mucosa. Al-
lergic inflammation causes the symptom occurrence. Typical nasal symptoms include nasal itch-
ing, sneezing, watery rhinorrhea, and nasal congestion. Nasal congestion depends on vasodilation
and increased mucus production. These conditions result in nasal obstruction. Nasal obstruction is
closely associated with type 2 inflammation. Allergic rhinitis usually occurs in association with
other allergic conditions, in particular allergic conjunctivitis and asthma. The effective manage-
ment of allergic rhinitis involves avoiding triggering allergens and employing pharmacological
treatments as per ARIA guidelines. These treatments may include intranasal/oral antihistamines
or/and nasal corticosteroids. In particular, antihistamines are particularly indicated for symptoms
consequent to mediators’ release, mainly concerning histamine. These histamine-dependent symp-
toms include itching, sneezing, and rhinorrhea. Nasal obstruction, being associated with inflamma-
tion, is responsive to corticosteroids, administered mostly intranasally. The fixed combination of a
topical antihistamine plus a topical corticosteroid is very effective, but is indicated for adolescents
only. However, nasal lavage is safe, cheap, and adequate, thus its use is prevalent. Namely, nasal la-
vage allows to remove secretions, allergens, mediators. In addition, hypertonic solutions exert a de-
congestant activity. On the other hand, the allergen-specific immunotherapy is still the only causal
treatment. Nutraceuticals have also been used to relieve symptoms. The objective of this review is
to explore and compare the traditional and new therapeutic approaches for pollen-induced allergic
rhinitis in children.