bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the impact off(Q) gravity on the large scale structure
Authors: Sokoliuk Oleksii , Arora Simran , Praharaj Subhrat , Baransky Alexander , Sahoo P K 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTWe investigate the exponential f(Q) symmetric teleparallel gravitation, namely $f(Q)=Q+\alpha Q_0(1-e^{-\beta \sqrt{Q/Q_0}})$ using ME-GADGET code to probe the structure formation with box sizes LBox = 10/100 Mpc h–1 and middle resolution $N_p^{1/3}=512$. To reproduce viable cosmology within the aforementioned modified gravity theory, we first perform Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling on OHD/BAO/Pantheon data sets and constrain a parameter space. Furthermore, we also derive theoretical values for deceleration parameter q(z), statefinder pair {r, s} and effective gravitational constant Geff, perform Om(z) diagnostics. While carrying out N-body+SPH simulations, we derive CDM+baryons over density/temperature/mean molecular weight fields, matter power spectrum (both 2/3D, with/without redshift space distortions), bispectrum, two-point correlation function and halo mass function. Results for small and big simulation box sizes are therefore properly compared, halo mass function is related to the Seth–Tormen theoretical prediction and matter power spectrum to the standard CAMB output.
Analytical models of rotating magnetized gas filaments
Authors: Grafton William , Fiege Jason D , Au Kelvin , Rogers Adam 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
Several rotating molecular gas filaments with striking helical morphology have been observed in the Central Molecular Zone, including the Double Helix Nebula (DHN), the Galactic Centre Tornado (GCT), and the Pigtail Nebula (PTN). We present a model for isothermal, rotating, magnetized, pressure-truncated, non-self-gravitating filaments, as a model for these objects. We find a novel analytical stationary solution for these molecular tornadoes by assuming a propagating torsional Alfvén wave resulting in balance between toroidal magnetic stress and centrifugal force, as well as constant flux to mass ratio for the poloidal magnetic field. Our model allows for differential rotation and the density profile for the stationary solution goes asymptotically as r−1 at large radius for a special case where the flux to mass ratios for the poloidal and toroidal fields are constant inside the filament. We subject our stationary solutions to a virial analysis and show that they satisfy the virial equation for cylindrical symmetry $2\mathcal {K}+\mathcal {M}=0$. Finally, we estimate the ratio of gravitational potential energy per unit length, $\mathcal {W}$, to the bulk kinetic energy per unit length, $\mathcal {K}_0$, and calculate $|\mathcal {W}|/\mathcal {K}_0$ for the DHN, GCT, and PTN. Our estimates suggest that self-gravity is negligible in the DHN and the PTN and GCT are at most weakly self-gravitating. We also briefly address an application of our model to filamentary plasma lenses in the interstellar medium.
Interplay Between Polymorphic Short Tandem Repeats and Gene Expression Variation inCaenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Zhang Gaotian , Andersen Erik C 
Published: March 2023

AbstractShort tandem repeats (STRs) have orders of magnitude higher mutation rates than single nucleotide variants (SNVs) and have been proposed to accelerate evolution in many organisms. However, only few studies have addressed the impact of STR variation on phenotypic variation at both the organismal and molecular levels. Potential driving forces underlying the high mutation rates of STRs also remain largely unknown. Here, we leverage the recently generated expression and STR variation data among wild Caenorhabditis elegans strains to conduct a genome-wide analysis of how STRs affect gene expression variation. We identify thousands of expression STRs (eSTRs) showing regulatory effects and demonstrate that they explain missing heritability beyond SNV-based expression quantitative trait loci. We illustrate specific regulatory mechanisms such as how eSTRs affect splicing sites and alternative splicing efficiency. We also show that differential expression of antioxidant genes and oxidative stresses might affect STR mutations systematically using both wild strains and mutation accumulation lines. Overall, we reveal the interplay between STRs and gene expression variation by providing novel insights into regulatory mechanisms of STRs and highlighting that oxidative stress could lead to higher STR mutation rates.
Paediatric harmful adverse drug events (PHADE)
Authors: Burns Donogh , Lal Renu , Mc Donnell Conor 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background and Objectives
It is well established that adverse drug events are frequent in paediatric hospital practice. The objective of this study is to systematically quantify and report the incidence of harmful adverse drug events across our institution and to identify predominant medications and error types.

Methods
We prospectively compiled a validated medication safety database for paediatric inpatients within our institution over a three-and-a-half-year period. All incidences of apparent patient harm relating to medication error were investigated and analyzed to determine veracity, severity of harm, phase of medication process, error type, causative medication, and contributory factors enabling each event.

Results
We identified 59 harmful adverse drug events, with an overall rate of 15.5 per 105 patient bed days. Most events occurred during administration (n = 27) and prescribing (n = 26) phases. Almost half of all harm (49%) was associated with opioids; a broad range of medication classes accounted for other harm. Harmful events occurred in 7.3 per 105 administrations of morphine and 13.3 per 105 administrations of hydromorphone. Wrong dose was the most frequently encountered error type.

Conclusions
This is the first study to quantify harmful adverse drug events in paediatric hospital practice. Our prospective analysis and compilation of harmful medication errors in paediatric hospital practice, reported with denominators of opioid administrations, and patient bed days, is a new standard for comparison in the long-discussed problem of paediatric harmful adverse drug events. By focusing on identified problematic drugs, error types, and contributory factors, we identify opportunities for interventions, error prevention and harm reduction.
The effect of stellar contamination on low-resolution transmission spectroscopy: needs identified by NASA’s Exoplanet Exploration Program Study Analysis Group 21
Authors: Rackham Benjamin V , Espinoza Néstor , Berdyugina Svetlana V , Korhonen Heidi , MacDonald Ryan J , Montet Benjamin T , Morris Brett M , Oshagh Mahmoudreza , Shapiro Alexander I , Unruh Yvonne C , Quintana Elisa V , Zellem Robert T , Apai Dániel , Barclay Thomas , Barstow Joanna K , Bruno Giovanni , Carone Ludmila , Casewell Sarah L , Cegla Heather M , Criscuoli Serena , Fischer Catherine , Fournier Damien , Giampapa Mark S , Giles Helen , Iyer Aishwarya , Kopp Greg , Kostogryz Nadiia M , Krivova Natalie , Mallonn Matthias , McGruder Chima , Molaverdikhani Karan , Newton Elisabeth R , Panja Mayukh , Peacock Sarah , Reardon Kevin , Roettenbacher Rachael M , Scandariato Gaetano , Solanki Sami , Stassun Keivan G , Steiner Oskar , Stevenson Kevin B , Tregloan-Reed Jeremy , Valio Adriana , Wedemeyer Sven , Welbanks Luis , Yu Jie , Alam Munazza K , Davenport James R A , Deming Drake , Dong Chuanfei , Ducrot Elsa , Fisher Chloe , Gilbert Emily , Kostov Veselin , López-Morales Mercedes , Line Mike , Močnik Teo , Mullally Susan , Paudel Rishi R , Ribas Ignasi , Valenti Jeff A 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Study Analysis Group 21 (SAG21) of NASA’s Exoplanet Exploration Program Analysis Group was organized to study the effect of stellar contamination on space-based transmission spectroscopy, a method for studying exoplanetary atmospheres by measuring the wavelength-dependent radius of a planet as it transits its star. Transmission spectroscopy relies on a precise understanding of the spectrum of the star being occulted. However, stars are not homogeneous, constant light sources but have temporally evolving photospheres and chromospheres with inhomogeneities like spots, faculae, plages, granules, and flares. This SAG brought together an interdisciplinary team of more than 100 scientists, with observers and theorists from the heliophysics, stellar astrophysics, planetary science, and exoplanetary atmosphere research communities, to study the current research needs that can be addressed in this context to make the most of transit studies from current NASA facilities like Hubble Space Telescope and JWST. The analysis produced 14 findings, which fall into three science themes encompassing (i) how the Sun is used as our best laboratory to calibrate our understanding of stellar heterogeneities (‘The Sun as the Stellar Benchmark’), (ii) how stars other than the Sun extend our knowledge of heterogeneities (‘Surface Heterogeneities of Other Stars’), and (iii) how to incorporate information gathered for the Sun and other stars into transit studies (‘Mapping Stellar Knowledge to Transit Studies’). In this invited review, we largely reproduce the final report of SAG21 as a contribution to the peer-reviewed literature.
Perceived COVID-19 risk and testing experiences in the San Ysidro U.S./Mexico border region
Authors: Salgin Linda , Ayers Lawrence O , Burola Maria-Linda , Engler Anne-Marie , Osuna Alexis , Gay Luis , Cain Kelli , Stadnick Nicole , Rabin Borsika , Zaslavsky Ilya , Laurent Louise C , Tukey Robert , Seifert Marva 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Racial and ethnic disparities in COVID-19 incidence are pronounced in underserved U.S./Mexico border communities. Working and living environments in these communities can lead to increased risk of COVID-19 infection and transmission, and this increased risk is exacerbated by lack of access to testing. As part of designing a community and culturally tailored COVID-19 testing program, we surveyed community members in the San Ysidro border region. The purpose of our study was to characterize knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs of prenatal patients, prenatal caregivers, and pediatric caregivers at a Federally Qualified Health Center (FHQC) in the San Ysidro region regarding perceived risk of COVID-19 infection and access to testing. A cross-sectional survey was used to collect information on experiences accessing COVID-19 testing and perceived risk of COVID-19 infection within San Ysidro between December 29, 2020 and April 2, 2021. A total of 179 surveys were analyzed. Most participants identified as female (85%) and as Mexican/Mexican American (75%). Over half (56%) were between the age of 25 and 34 years old. Perceived Risk: 37% reported moderate to high risk of COVID-19 infection, whereas 50% reported their risk low to none. Testing Experience: Approximately 68% reported previously being tested for COVID-19. Among those tested, 97% reported having very easy or easy access to testing. Reasons for not testing included limited appointment availability, cost, not feeling sick, and concern about risk of infection while at a testing facility. This study is an important first step to understand the COVID-19 risk perceptions and testing access among patients and community members living near the U.S./Mexico border in San Ysidro, California.
Grapevine Fanleaf Virus RNA1-Encoded Proteins 1A and 1BHel Suppress RNA Silencing
Authors: Choi Jiyeong , Pakbaz Samira , Yepes Luz Marcela , Cieniewicz Elizabeth Jeannette , Schmitt-Keichinger Corinne , Labarile Rossella , Minutillo Serena Anna , Heck Michelle , Hua Jian , Fuchs Marc 
Published: March 2023

Grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV) (genus Nepovirus, family Secoviridae) causes fanleaf degeneration, one of the most damaging viral diseases of grapevines. Despite substantial advances at deciphering GFLV-host interactions, how this virus overcomes the host antiviral pathways of RNA silencing is poorly understood. In this study, we identified viral suppressors of RNA silencing (VSRs) encoded by GFLV, using fluorescence assays, and tested their capacity at modifying host gene expression in transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana expressing the enhanced green fluorescent protein gene ( EGFP). Results revealed that GFLV RNA1-encoded protein 1A, for which a function had yet to be assigned, and protein 1BHel, a putative helicase, reverse systemic RNA silencing either individually or as a fused form (1ABHel) predicted as an intermediary product of RNA1 polyprotein proteolytic processing. The GFLV VSRs differentially altered the expression of plant host genes involved in RNA silencing, as shown by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. In a co-infiltration assay with an EGFP hairpin construct, protein 1A upregulated NbDCL2, NbDCL4, and NbRDR6, and proteins 1BHel and 1A+1BHel upregulated NbDCL2, NbDCL4, NbAGO1, NbAGO2, and NbRDR6, while protein 1ABHel upregulated NbAGO1 and NbRDR6. In a reversal of systemic silencing assay, protein 1A upregulated NbDCL2 and NbAGO2 and protein 1ABHel upregulated NbDCL2, NbDCL4, and NbAGO1. This is the first report of VSRs encoded by a nepovirus RNA1 and of two VSRs that act either individually or as a predicted fused form to counteract the systemic antiviral host defense, suggesting that GFLV might devise a unique counterdefense strategy to interfere with various steps of the plant antiviral RNA silencing pathways during infection. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .
Bone marrow‐derived fibroblast migration via periostin causes irreversible arthrogenic contracture after joint immobilization
Authors: Iura Hirotaka , Kobayakawa Kazu , Saiwai Hirokazu , Konno Daijiro , Tanaka Masatake , Hata Kazuhiro , Tamaru Tetsuya , Haruta Yohei , Ono Gentaro , Kitade Kazuki , Kijima Ken , Kubota Kensuke , Inagaki Yutaka , Ohtsuka Masato , Okazaki Ken , Murakami Koji , Matsuda Shusaku , Tokunaga Masami , Yoshimoto Takaaki , Maeda Takeshi , Nakashima Yasuharu , Okada Seiji 
Published: March 2023

AbstractJoint contracture causes distressing permanent mobility disorder due to trauma, arthritis, and aging, with no effective treatment available. A principal and irreversible cause of joint contracture has been regarded as the development of joint capsule fibrosis. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying contracture remain unclear. We established a mouse model of knee joint contracture, revealing that fibrosis in joint capsules causes irreversible contracture. RNA‐sequencing of contracture capsules demonstrated a marked enrichment of the genes involved in the extracellular region, particularly periostin (Postn). Three‐dimensional magnetic resonance imaging and immunohistological analysis of contracture patients revealed posterior joint capsule thickening with abundant type I collagen (Col1a2) and POSTN in humans. Col1a2‐GFPTG; Postn−/− mice and chimeric mice with Col1a2‐GFPTG; tdTomatoTG bone marrow showed fibrosis in joint capsules caused by bone marrow‐derived fibroblasts, and POSTN promoted the migration of bone marrow‐derived fibroblasts, contributing to fibrosis and contracture. Conversely, POSTN‐neutralizing antibody attenuated contracture exacerbation. Our findings identified POSTN as a key inducer of fibroblast migration that exacerbates capsule fibrosis, providing a potential therapeutic strategy for joint contracture.
The Postpartum Period: An Opportunity for Alcohol Screening and Counseling to Reduce Adverse Health Impacts
Authors: Board Amy , D’Angelo Denise V. , von Essen Beatriz Salvesen , Denny Clark H. , Miele Kathryn , Dunkley Janae , Park Youngjoo , Kim Shin Y. 
Published: March 2023

Objectives
The postpartum period presents an opportunity to engage in discussions about alcohol consumption and related health harms. This study examined the prevalence of alcohol consumption among a sample of postpartum persons with a recent live birth and screening and brief intervention (alcohol SBI) or counseling by their providers.

Methods
We analyzed 2019 data from a telephone survey conducted 9 to 10 months postpartum among individuals who responded to the standard Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System survey in 6 states. Weighted prevalence estimates were calculated for alcohol consumption and alcohol SBI after birth through up to 10 months postpartum.

Results
Among 1790 respondents, 53.1% reported consuming alcohol postpartum. Among those who drank postpartum, 70.8% reported being asked about alcohol use by a healthcare provider. Slightly more than half of respondents who drank postpartum and were trying to get pregnant (52.4%) or were not using birth control at the time of the survey (59.8%) reported being asked about alcohol use. Approximately 25% of respondents who drank alcohol postpartum were advised about risky alcohol levels by a healthcare provider. Small proportions of individuals who drank alcohol postpartum and were pregnant or trying to get pregnant at the time of the survey were advised to reduce or stop drinking alcohol (10.6% and 2.3%, respectively).

Conclusions
These findings suggest missed opportunities to promote health and prevent adverse alcohol-related health outcomes during the postpartum period through evidence-based tools such as alcohol SBI.
To Feel Abandoned in an Insecure Situation
Authors: Lindgren Emilia Biskop , Thernström Blomqvist Ylva , Diderholm Barbro , Grandahl Maria 
Published: March 2023

Background:
The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in changes in neonatal care, sometimes resulting in a separation between parents and their newborn. Knowledge about parents' experiences of this separation is limited.

Purpose:
To explore parents' experiences of separation from their newborn due to COVID-19.

Methods:
Interviews with parents (n = 11) separated from their newborn.

Results:
The parents' experiences of being separated from their newborn were expressed under 3 themes: “To create a sense of safety in an insecure situation”; “Unexpected start to parenthood”; and “To be reunited.” Parents felt abandoned and alone, even if they had support from significant others. Although they considered the separation as undesired, wanting to be with their newborn infant, it was secondary to not wanting to infect the infant with COVID-19. Furthermore, lacking information about a potentially lethal virus adds to the uncertainty that comes with having a newborn. The separation affected the whole family, some for a long time afterward.

Implications for Practice and Research:
If a new situation with potentially life-threatening effects, like the COVID-19 pandemic, occurs again, considering the experiences of these parents is paramount. Precautions should be taken to minimize the potential harm. If a separation between newborns and parents is inevitable, parents need preparation and transparent information prior to the separation and before the reunion. Well-thought-out policies must be in place to minimize the impact of a separation on both parties. Parents should be able to have a deputy parent present during an undesired but necessary separation from their newborn.
The Significance of Isolated Hip Click as a Sign of DDH: Implications on Referral Guidelines
Authors: Morris William Z. , Mayfield Laura M. , Ellis Henry B. , Gill Corey S. , Sucato Daniel J. , Podeszwa David A. , Jo Chan-Hee , Kim Harry K.W. 
Published: March 2023

Background:
The clinical significance of an isolated hip click remains unclear. The rates of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) in those referred for hip click vary from 0% to 28%. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the rate of DDH in patients prospectively referred for isolated hip click.

Methods:
We prospectively enrolled patients referred to a single pediatric orthopaedic center with concern for DDH secondary to isolated hip click felt by the pediatrician on examination. Patients with known sonographic abnormalities or risk factors for DDH (breech presentation or positive family history) were excluded. Ultrasounds were obtained upon initial presentation and defined as abnormal if alpha angle <60 degrees and/or femoral head coverage (FHC) <50%. Mild dysplasia, analogous to Graf IIa physiological immaturity, was defined as alpha angle 50<α<60 and/or <50% FHC in a patient <3 months age. Severe dysplasia was defined as ≤33% FHC, which has been proposed to be sonographically consistent with a hip dislocation.

Results:
Two hundred fifty-five children were referred for isolated hip click. One hundred eighty-nine patients (74%) had normal ultrasound whereas 66 patients (26%) had sonographic abnormalities (mean age 6.5±6.2 wk at initial ultrasound). Fifty patients (19.6%) demonstrated physiological immaturity, 3 patients (1.2%) demonstrated moderate sonographic dysplasia, and 13 patients (5.1%) had sonographic findings consistent with severe dysplasia or dislocated hip. Hips with severe dysplasia were younger than the remaining population (2.8±2.4 wk vs. 6.6±6.2 wk, P<0.001) with no difference in sex distribution (P=0.07) or first-born birth order (P=0.36). For those with sonographic abnormality, 18 (27%) patients were treated with Pavlik harness, 1 (2%) was treated with abduction orthosis, and the remainder (71%) were observed for resolution of physiological immaturity.

Conclusions:
Infants with isolated hip click identified by their pediatrician may have higher rates of dysplasia than previously reported. We recommend screening ultrasound and/or orthopaedic referral for all infants with isolated hip click.

Level of Evidence:
Level II—prospective prognostic study.