bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of tumor necrosis factor‐alpha ‐238 G>A promoter region polymorphism on recurrent miscarriage: An association study and meta‐analysis
Authors: Sudhir Neha , Kaur Mandeep , Singh Sukhjashanpreet , Beri Archana , Kaur Tajinder , Badaruddoza  , Kaur Anupam 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundRecurrent miscarriage (RM) is defined as the loss of two or more consecutive pregnancies. A functional SNP, ‐238G>A in the promoter region of TNF‐α, affects the gene transcription activity with implications on human pregnancy. Previous limited studies, linking the TNF‐α ‐238 G>A to the risk of recurrent miscarriage have been inconclusive.Material and methodThe PCR‐RLFP technique was used to evaluate this polymorphism in 199 RM cases and 215 control women from Amritsar, Punjab. For a meta‐analysis, a total of 13 eligible studies (including the present study) comprising 2947 cases and 2933 controls were included. To evaluate the association among different genetic models, odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval (CI) and chi‐square were used.ResultsGenotype and allelic frequency did not differ significantly between both groups (p = .07 and p = .24, respectively). In the present meta‐analysis, a significant association was found with the recessive model (OR‐1.78 CI:1.24–2.55, p = .002).ConclusionAlthough, TNF‐α ‐238 G>A polymorphism did not provide any risk in the case‐control study but provided risk towards the development of RM with the recessive genetic model in the pooled analysis.
Prediction of adult asthma risk in early childhood using novel adult asthma predictive risk scores
Authors: Farhan Abdal J. , Kothalawala Dilini M. , Kurukulaaratchy Ramesh J. , Granell Raquel , Simpson Angela , Murray Clare , Custovic Adnan , Roberts Graham , Zhang Hongmei , Arshad S. Hasan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundNumerous risk scores have been developed to predict childhood asthma. However, they may not predict asthma beyond childhood. We aim to create childhood risk scores that predict development and persistence of asthma up to young adult life.MethodsThe Isle of Wight Birth Cohort (n = 1456) was prospectively assessed up to 26 years of age. Asthma predictive scores were developed based on factors during the first 4 years, using logistic regression and tested for sensitivity, specificity and area under the curve (AUC) for prediction of asthma at (i) 18 and (ii) 26 years, and persistent asthma (PA) (iii) at 10 and 18 years, and (iv) at 10, 18 and 26 years. Models were internally and externally validated.ResultsFour models were generated for prediction of each asthma outcome. ASthma PredIctive Risk scorE (ASPIRE)‐1: a 2‐factor model (recurrent wheeze [RW] and positive skin prick test [+SPT] at 4 years) for asthma at 18 years (sensitivity: 0.49, specificity: 0.80, AUC: 0.65). ASPIRE‐2: a 3‐factor model (RW, +SPT and maternal rhinitis) for asthma at 26 years (sensitivity: 0.60, specificity: 0.79, AUC: 0.73). ASPIRE‐3: a 3‐factor model (RW, +SPT and eczema at 4 years) for PA‐18 (sensitivity: 0.63, specificity: 0.87, AUC: 0.77). ASPIRE‐4: a 3‐factor model (RW, +SPT at 4 years and recurrent chest infection at 2 years) for PA‐26 (sensitivity: 0.68, specificity: 0.87, AUC: 0.80). ASPIRE‐1 and ASPIRE‐3 scores were replicated externally. Further assessments indicated that ASPIRE‐1 can be used in place of ASPIRE‐2‐4 with same predictive accuracy.ConclusionASPIRE predicts persistent asthma up to young adult life.
Woman the hunter: The archaeological evidence
Authors: Lacy Sarah , Ocobock Cara 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe Paleo‐fantasy of a deep history to a sexual division of labor, often described as “Man the Hunter and Woman the Gatherer,” continues to dominate the literature. We see it used as the default hypothesis in anatomical and physiological reconstructions of the past as well as studies of modern people evoking evolutionary explanations. However, the idea of a strict sexual labor division in the Paleolithic is an assumption with little supporting evidence, which reflects a failure to question how modern gender roles color our reconstructions of the past. Here we present examples to support women's roles as hunters in the past as well as challenge oft‐cited interpretations of the material culture. Such evidence includes stone tool function, diet, art, anatomy and paleopathology, and burials. By pulling together the current state of the archaeological evidence along with the modern human physiology presented in the accompanying paper (Ocobock and Lacy, this issue), we argue that not only are women well‐suited to endurance activities like hunting, but there is little evidence to support that they were not hunting in the Paleolithic. Going forward, paleoanthropology should embrace the idea that all sexes contributed equally to life in the past, including via hunting activities.
Woman the hunter: The physiological evidence
Authors: Ocobock Cara , Lacy Sarah 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMyths of “Man the Hunter” and male biological superiority persist in interpretations and reconstructions of human evolution. Although there are uncontroversial average biological differences between females and males, the potential physiological advantages females may possess are less well‐known and less well‐studied. Here we review and present emerging physiological evidence that females may be metabolically better suited for endurance activities such as running, which could have profound implications for understanding subsistence capabilities and patterns in the past. We discuss the role of estrogen and adiponectin as respective key modulators of glucose and fat metabolism, both of which are critical fuels during long endurance activities. We also discuss how differences in overall body composition, muscle fiber composition, the metabolic cost of load carrying, and self‐pacing may provide females with increased endurance capacities. Highlighting these potential advantages provides a physiological framework that complements existing archaeological (Lacy and Ocobock, this issue) and cultural work reassessing female endurance and hunting capabilities as well as the sexual division of labor. Such a holistic approach is critical to amending our current understanding of hu(wo)man evolution.
Letter: elevated liver enzymes and outcomes in COVID Authors' reply
Authors: Kulkarni Anand V. , Kumar Pramod , Tevethia Harsh Vardhan , Arab Juan Pablo , Candia Roberto , Premkumar Madhumita , Sharma Mithun , Rao Padaki Nagaraja , Reddy Duvvuru Nageshwar 
Published: September 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Kulkarni et al and Elhence et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15916 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16010
Letter: unknown denominator and misleading conclusions in Covid‐19—authors' reply
Authors: Garrido Isabel , Liberal Rodrigo , Macedo Guilherme 
Published: September 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Garrido et al and Rodríguez‐Perálvarez et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15813 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16038
Evaluating the optimum number of biopsies to assess histological inflammation in ulcerative colitis: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Battat Robert , Vande Casteele Niels , Pai Rish K. , Wang Zhongya , Zou Guangyong , McDonald John W. D. , Duijvestein Marjolijn , Jeyarajah Jenny , Parker Claire E. , Van Viegen Tanja , Nelson Sigrid A. , Boland Brigid S. , Singh Siddharth , Dulai Parambir S. , Valasek Mark A. , Feagan Brian G. , Jairath Vipul , Sandborn William J. 
Published: September 2023

SummaryBackgroundThe optimal ulcerative colitis biopsy protocol is unclear.AimTo evaluate the number of biopsies required to accurately assess microscopic disease activity in ulcerative colitisMethodsBiopsies from patients with ≥4 rectosigmoid samples, and clinical and endoscopic data, were retrospectively obtained from a prospective biobank. Histology and endoscopic videos were read blindly. A 4‐biopsy Robarts Histopathology Index (RHI) reference score, consisting of the worst item‐level ratings from four biopsies, was compared to 1‐, 2‐ and 3‐biopsy estimates. Agreement was determined using bivariate errors‐in‐variable regression analysis (acceptance interval: ±8.25). Endoscopic activity and disease location subgroup analyses were also performed.ResultsForty‐six patients had ≥4 rectosigmoid biopsies available (N = 287). The 2‐biopsy (tolerance interval: −7.66, 4.79) and 3‐biopsy (tolerance interval: −4.86, 3.46) RHI scores demonstrated acceptable agreement with 4‐biopsy scores. One‐biopsy scores demonstrated unacceptable agreement (tolerance interval: −13.99, 7.78). Mean RHI scores using the 2‐, 3‐ and 4‐biopsy approaches were similar (6.1 ± 9.6 P = 0.36; 6.8 ± 10.5, P = 0.7; 7.5 ± 11.2), whereas the 1‐biopsy estimate was lower (4.4 ± 8.1, P = 0.06). Histological remission rates were identical for the 2‐, 3‐ and 4‐biopsy methods (65.2%, P = 1.0). Subgroup analysis demonstrated that three biopsies were required in patients with endoscopically active disease. Sampling additional colonic locations yielded lower histological remission rates compared to rectosigmoid sampling alone (33.3% vs 61.9%, P = 0.1).ConclusionsA minimum of two — conservatively, three — biopsies are required to reliably assess disease activity in a single colonic segment using the RHI. Further studies are needed of endoscopically active patients and sampling locations. These results have implications for biopsy strategies in clinical trials and practice.
Letter: SARS‐CoV‐2‐induced gastrointestinal inflammation
Authors: Reuken Philipp A. , Wüst Michaela , Löffler Bettina , Bauer Michael , Stallmach Andreas 
Published: September 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Taxonera et al and Taxonera & Alba papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15804 and
https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16117
Letter: female patients with hepatocellular carcinoma may have better prognosis than male patients
Authors: Mo Dun‐Chang , Huang Jian‐Feng , Huang Shang‐Xiao , Wang Han‐Lei , Luo Peng‐Hui 
Published: September 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Rich et al paper. To view these article, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15917
Letter: rationalising aminosalicylates in inflammatory bowel disease—authors' reply
Authors: Chapman Thomas P. , Frias Gomes Catarina , Louis Edouard , Colombel Jean‐Frédéric , Satsangi Jack 
Published: September 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Chapman et al and Nicolaides et al papers. To view these articles, visithttps://doi.org/10.1111/apt.15771andhttps://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16107
Real‐world clinical and virological outcomes in a retrospective multiethnic cohort study of 341 untreated and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate‐treated chronic hepatitis B pregnant patients in North America
Authors: Samadi Kochaksaraei Golasa , Castillo Eliana , Sadler Matthew D. , Seow Cynthia H.‐T. , Barkema Herman W. , Martin Steven R. , Israelson Heidi , Pinto Jacqueline , Williams Sarah , Aspinall AIexander I. , Stinton Laura M. , Borman Meredith A. , Burak Kelly W. , Swain Mark G. , Congly Stephen E. , Lee Samuel S. , Shaheen Abdel Aziz , Coffin Carla S. 
Published: September 2023

SummaryBackgroundThere are limited long‐term data on outcomes of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) in untreated and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF)‐treated women during pregnancy.AimsTo assess clinical outcomes in a multiethnic cohort of patients during pregnancy and post‐partum in a low HBV endemic region.MethodsRetrospective real‐world study of women with CHB (treated or untreated with TDF) from 2011 to 2019; data including ALT, HBV DNA, HBeAg and liver stiffness measurement were collected during pregnancy and post‐partum.ResultsIn 341 women (446 pregnancies) followed for a median of 33 months (IQR: 26.7‐39.5) post‐partum, 19% (65/341) received TDF (11 initiated pre‐pregnancy, 53 for mother‐to‐child transmission (MTCT) prevention). During follow‐up, 72/341 had subsequent pregnancy, including 18/53 on TDF for MTCT risk, of whom 7/18 were re‐treated. In all TDF‐treated women, HBV DNA declined but rebounded after TDF withdrawal (median baseline, near birth and early follow‐up levels were 7.2, 3.0 and 5.5 log IU/mL respectively [P < 0.01]). In HBeAg+ patients (65/341) ALT flares were more common (P = 0.03), especially for those who stopped TDF post‐partum, requiring re‐treatment in 21% (11/53). In comparison, 54% (116/215) of untreated women had a post‐partum ALT flare; one with fulminant hepatitis underwent transplant 13 months post‐partum. HBsAg clearance occurred in 2.6% (9/341, 3/9 HBeAg+, 2/9 TDF treated) at median 30 months (IQR: 23‐40) and 37% (24/65) of HBeAg+ patients had HBeAg loss at median 17 months (IQR: 12‐26) post‐partum.ConclusionsPost‐partum ALT flares were common, especially after TDF withdrawal. Overall, 37% achieved HBeAg clearance and 2.9% had HBsAg loss during long‐term follow‐up.
Letter: synergistic role of gut flora with aspirin to prevent colorectal cancers—authors’ reply
Authors: Prizment Anna E. , Onyeaghala Guillaume C. , Church Timothy R. 
Published: September 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Prizment et al and Li et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16013 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.16093
Histologic remission does not offer additional benefit for ulcerative colitis patients in endoscopic remission
Authors: Narula Neeraj , Aruljothy Achuthan , Alshahrani Abdul‐Aziz , Fadida Ma’ayan , Al‐Saedi Mona , Marshall John K. , Rubin David T. , Christensen Britt 
Published: September 2023

SummaryBackgroundHistologic remission in ulcerative colitis (UC) patients may be associated with positive outcomes. It is unclear whether UC patients in endoscopic remission obtain additional benefit from achieving histologic remission.AimTo evaluate the relationship between time to relapse and histological activity among UC patients in endoscopic remission.MethodsIn this retrospective study using an observational database, we identified UC patients who had achieved endoscopic remission (Mayo endoscopic subscore 0). Index colonoscopy was the first colonoscopy when endoscopic remission was achieved. Histologic activity was classified as normal, inactive or active colitis. The primary outcome was time to relapse. Secondary outcomes included reasons for relapse and the association between baseline variables and risk of relapse. A Cox proportional hazards model evaluated baseline factors and the outcome of relapse.ResultsWe included 269 patients. The Kaplan‐Meier survival curve showed no significant difference between the presence or absence of histologic activity and time to relapse (log rank P = 0.85). There was no difference in time to clinical relapse of patients with histologically active colitis compared to inactive colitis (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR] 1.17, 95% CI 0.58‐2.32, P = 0.67]). 5‐aminosalicylate use (AHR 0.42, 95% CI 0.21‐0.82, P = 0.011), pancolitis (AHR 0.32, 95% CI 0.13‐0.75, P = 0.008), left‐sided colitis (AHR 0.46; 95% CI 0.22‐0.98; P = 0.044) and older age (AHR 0.96, 95% CI 0.94‐0.99, P = 0.002) were significantly associated with reduced time to clinical relapse.ConclusionHistologic remission did not influence time to relapse in UC patients who had achieved endoscopic remission.
The role of identity‐related beliefs in the appraisal and management of crowding: Insights from the Hajj
Authors: Yalcin Enes , Hopkins Nick 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn crowds, to the degree one identifies with other crowd members one likely experiences a sense of common purpose, social connection and mutual support. Such is the psychological significance of these correlates of a shared identity that even others' close physical proximity can be pleasurable. However, such pleasure in others' proximity cannot be assumed: physical crowding can bring practical challenges and so potentially disturb the positive experience of crowd membership. In the research reported here, we explore crowd members' reports of such challenges and the ways in which these were interpreted and managed through reference to the beliefs and values associated with crowd members' shared identity. Our data arise from semi‐structured interviews (N = 33) with British Muslims after participating in the Hajj pilgrimage in Saudi Arabia. Exploring these data sheds light on the ways in which identity‐related beliefs and values can contribute to the maintenance of order and harmony even in situations where crowding could undermine the positive experience of others' proximity. Accordingly, our analysis advances our understanding of the self‐organization and self‐policing of crowds.
B7H3 increases ferroptosis resistance by inhibiting cholesterol metabolism in colorectal cancer
Authors: Jin Haiyan , Zhu Mengxin , Zhang Dongze , Liu Xiaoshan , Guo Yuesheng , Xia Lu , Chen Yanjun , Chen Yuqi , Xu Ruyan , Liu Cuiping , Xi Qinhua , Xia Suhua , Shi Tongguo , Zhang Guangbo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractFerroptosis, a newly discovered form of regulated cell death, has been reported to be associated with multiple cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the underlying molecular mechanism is still unclear. In this study, we identified B7H3 as a potential regulator of ferroptosis resistance in CRC. B7H3 knockdown decreased but B7H3 overexpression increased the ferroptosis resistance of CRC cells, as evidenced by the expression of ferroptosis‐associated genes (PTGS2, FTL, FTH, and GPX4) and the levels of important indicators of ferroptosis (malondialdehyde, iron load). Moreover, B7H3 promoted ferroptosis resistance by regulating sterol regulatory element binding protein 2 (SREBP2)‐mediated cholesterol metabolism. Both exogenous cholesterol supplementation and treatment with the SREBP2 inhibitor betulin reversed the effect of B7H3 on ferroptosis in CRC cells. Furthermore, we verified that B7H3 downregulated SREBP2 expression by activating the AKT pathway. Additionally, multiplex immunohistochemistry was carried out to show the expression of B7H3, prostaglandin‐endoperoxide synthase 2, and SREBP2 in CRC tumor tissues, which was associated with the prognosis of patients with CRC. In summary, our findings reveal a role for B7H3 in regulating ferroptosis by controlling cholesterol metabolism in CRC.
Berberine derivatives as inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase: A systematic review
Authors: Singh Yash Pal , Kumar Harish 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAlzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic age‐related neurodegenerative brain disorder characterized by the impairment of memory accompanied by worsening of thinking ability of an individual. The exact pathophysiology of AD is not fully understood. However low level of the neurotransmitter named acetylcholine (ACh), aggregation of Aβ peptide into toxic Aβ plaque, hyperphosphorylation of tau, bio‐metal imbalance, and oxidative stress are the main hallmarks of this disease. Due to the complex pathophysiology of AD, no specific treatment is available in the market, and treatment is only limited to the symptomatic relief. So, there is an urgent need for the development of new drug candidate, which can have disease‐modifying effect and improve learning and memory in AD patient. Therefore, berberine‐based multifunction compounds with potential cholinesterase inhibitory properties were reviewed in this article. Structure–activity relationship (SAR) and biological activity provide highlights on the new derivatives used for the management of AD.
Formalizing developmental phenomena as continuous‐time systems: Relations between mathematics and language development
Authors: Driver Charles C. , Tomasik Martin J. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe demonstrate how developmental theories may be instantiated as statistical models, using hierarchical continuous‐time dynamic systems. This approach offers a flexible specification and an often more direct link between theory and model parameters than common modeling frameworks. We address developmental theories of the relation between the academic competencies of mathematics and language, using data from the online learning system Mindsteps. We use ability estimates from 160,164 observation occasions, across N = 4623 3rd to 9th grade students and five ability domains. Model development is step‐by‐step from simple to complex, with ramifications for theory and modeling discussed at each step.
Selective HDAC6 inhibition protects against blood–brain barrier dysfunction after intracerebral hemorrhage
Authors: Peng Cuiying , Wang Yilin , Hu Zhiping , Chen Chunli 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundsBlood–brain barrier (BBB) disruption after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) significantly induces neurological impairment. Previous studies showed that HDAC6 knockdown or TubA can protect the TNF‐induced endothelial dysfunction. However, the role of HDAC6 inhibition on ICH‐induced BBB disruption remains unknown.MethodsHemin‐induced human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs) and collagenase‐induced rats were employed to investigated the underlying impact of the HDAC6 inhibition in BBB lesion and neuronal dysfunction after ICH.ResultsWe found a significant decrease in acetylated α‐tubulin during early phase of ICH. Both 25 or 40 mg/kg of TubA could relieve neurological deficits, perihematomal cell apoptosis, and ipsilateral brain edema in ICH animal model. TubA or specific siRNA of HDAC6 inhibited apoptosis and reduced the endothelial permeability of HBMECs. HDAC6 inhibition rescued the degradation of TJ proteins and repaired TJs collapses after ICH induction. Finally, the results suggested that the protective effects on BBB after ICH induction were exerted via upregulating the acetylated α‐tubulin and reducing stress fiber formation.ConclusionsInhibition of HDAC6 expression showed beneficial effects against BBB disruption after experimental ICH, which suggested that HDAC6 could be a novel and promising target for ICH treatment.
Participation of the nucleus tractus solitarius in the therapeutic effect of electroacupuncture on post‐stroke dysphagia through the primary motor cortex
Authors: Ye Qiuping , Yuan Si , Yao Lulu , Dai Yong , Deng Bing , Hu Jiahui , Qiao Jiao , Wen Hongmei , Dou Zulin , Xu Nenggui 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundPost‐stroke dysphagia (PSD), a common and serious disease, affects the quality of life of many patients and their families. Electroacupuncture (EA) has been commonly used effectively in the treatment of PSD, but the therapeutic mechanism is still under exploration at present. We aim to investigate the effect of the nucleus tractus solitarus (NTS) on the treatment of PSD by EA at Lianquan (CV23) through the primary motor cortex (M1).MethodsC57 male mice were used to construct a PSD mouse model using photothrombotic technique, and the swallowing function was evaluated by electromyography (EMG) recording. C‐Fos‐positive neurons and types of neurons in the NTS were detected by immunofluorescence. Optogenetics and chemical genetics were used to regulate the NTS, and the firing rate of neurons was recorded via multichannel recording.ResultsThe results showed that most of the activated neurons in the NTS were excitatory neurons, and multichannel recording indicated that the activity levels of both pyramidal neurons and interneurons in the NTS were regulated by M1. This process was involved in the EA treatment. Furthermore, while chemogenetic inhibition of the NTS reduced the EMG signal associated with the swallowing response induced by activation of M1 in PSD mice, EA rescued this signal.ConclusionOverall, the NTS was shown to participate in the regulation of PSD by EA at CV23 through M1.