bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Moral distress, psychological capital, and burnout in registered nurses
Authors: Xue Bowen , Wang Shujin , Chen Dandan , Hu Zhiguo , Feng Yaping , Luo Hong 
Published: September 2023

Aims This study aimed to explore the relationship among moral distress, psychological capital, and burnout in registered nurses. Ethical consideration The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the School of Nursing, Hangzhou Normal University (Approval no. 2022001). Methods A cross-sectional descriptive survey was conducted with a convenience sample of 397 nurses from three Grade-A tertiary hospitals in Zhejiang Province, China. Participants completed demographic information, the Nurses’ Moral Distress Scale, the Nurses’ Psychological Capital Scale, and the Maslach Burnout Inventory Scale. The data were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation analysis, structural equation modeling, and hierarchical multiple regression analysis. Results The study found that moral distress and burnout are positively correlated, while psychological capital is negatively correlated with both moral distress and burnout. The path analysis in structural equation modeling revealed that moral distress has a significant direct effect on psychological capital, while psychological capital has a significant direct effect on burnout. In addition, moral distress also had a significant indirect effect on burnout through psychological capital. Moreover, both the direct effect of moral distress on burnout and the total effect of moral distress on burnout were significant. Conclusion The findings suggest that psychological capital plays an important role in the relationship between moral distress and burnout. Promoting psychological capital among nurses may be a promising strategy for preventing moral distress and burnout in the workplace.
Simultaneous Quantification of 30 Elements in the Mineral Chinese Medicine Quartz Album by ICP-MS for the Identification of Different Geogenesis
Authors: Xu Chenyu , Zhu Xingyu , Ma Yulu , Yan Baofei , Dai Shilin , Wang Xiuxiu , Zhao Jin , Wang Yin , Wu Sichen , Zhao Qian , Bao Xiaohua , Yang Wenguo , Fang Fang , Liu Shengjin 
Published: September 2023

Background Quartz album is one of the mineral drugs commonly used in Chinese medicine. Different geogenesis of Quartz album led to differences in its composition and thus affected its clinical efficacy. Mineral Chinese medicines are mainly composed of inorganic elements, including some heavy metals and harmful elements, so their quality control is crucial to their clinical safety. Materials and Methods In this study, the contents of 30 elements in 13 batches Quartz album of different origins were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Multiple elements and chemometrics were used to distinguish its different geogenesis. Results We found that the top elements in order of content were as follows: Al>Fe>Ca>K>Mg>Ti>Mn, all with content greater than 100 µg/g. In addition, the contents ranges of Pb, Cd, As, Hg, and Cu were 1.603–637.705, 0.011–1.387, 0.348–41.298, 0.033–10.877, and 0.808–86.482 µg/g, respectively. Quartz albums produced in Fengyang County, Anhui Province, had the lowest content of heavy metals. Correlation analysis showed that there was a strong correlation among the elements in the samples. Chemometrics were used to analyze the elemental content, and the results of the different models were found to be consistent and could be used to distinguish between Quartz albums of different geogenesis. Conclusion This study provided a reference for the quality control and safety of the clinical application of Quartz album.
Schefflera arboricola Tablets Relieve Diabetic Neuropathic Pain: Involvement of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation
Authors: Lin Shaomei , Shen Yunzhu , Huang Xiaowei , Lin Shifeng , Shi Xiaoning 
Published: September 2023

Background Diabetic neuropathic pain (DNP) is a serious chronic complication of diabetes mellitus. Oxidative stress and inflammation are considered the central mechanisms of its pathogenesis. Schefflera arboricola (SA) is a Schefflera plant of the Araliaceae family that has the effect of pain relief. In this study, the effect of SA on DNP was first investigated. Materials and Methods Diabetic neuropathy in rats was induced by a single injection of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg). Three weeks later, SA (100 mg/kg, 300 mg/kg) or gabapentin (100 mg/kg) was given once a day for a week. Blood glucose, body weight, and thermal withdrawal latency in DNP rats were measured. The morphology of the sciatic nerve was observed by light microscopy and toluidine blue staining. Semiquantitative analysis of myelin basic protein (MBP) of the sciatic nerve was performed by immunohistochemistry. IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and IL-6 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Commercial reagent kits were used to detect inducible nitric oxide synthase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and malondialdehyde (MDA). The expression levels of nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) were detected by Western blot. Results DNP rat model was successfully constructed. SA and gabapentin could alleviate the thermal sting pain of DNP rats, increase the expression of MBP and SOD, and decrease the expression of proinflammatory agents and MDA. Moreover, SA could reverse the upregulation of NF-κB and the downregulation of Nrf2. Conclusion SA has a significant protective effect on DNP, manifesting in the improvement of allodynia and sciatic nerve pathology, inhibition of neuroinflammation, reduction of oxidative stress, enhancement of Nrf2, and inhibition of NF-κB.
Toxic Potential of Crude Extract From Cassava Cortex Containing Scopoletin and Cyanide on Wistar Rats and Broilers
Authors: Njankouo Youchahou Ndam , Nyegue Maximilienne Ascension , Njingou Ibrahim , Moundipa Paul Fewou , Mounjouenpou Pauline 
Published: September 2023

The present work aimed to evaluate acute and sub-acute toxicity of cortex cassava crude extract containing scopoletin and cyanide. The limit test method of OECD at 2000 mg/kg was used to determine the LD50 of the crude extract in female Wistar rats, and the sub-acute toxicity was conducted in broilers by incorporating their feed with the cortex powder at 2 mg, 4 mg and 8 mg of powder per 100 g of standard food, corresponding to MIC, 2MIC and 4MIC: those concentrations, respectively, corresponded to .07 μg, .14 μg and .28 μg of scopoletin and 2.8 μg, 5.6 μg and 11.2 μg of cyanide. An oral LD50 greater than 2000 mg/kg was obtained, and the effective antifungal dose was non-toxic. No changes were observed in the rate of biochemical parameters and relative weight of the liver, kidneys and brain of broilers. Any damages were not observed after the histopathological exams of these organs regardless the diet considered, compared to the control group. All results ranging from efficacy and safety of cassava cortex extract containing scopoletin and cyanide allowed us to consider it as biopesticide for staple food preservation against post-harvest losses.
A Retrospective Study Establishing Pre-Pandemic Demographic Baselines for United States Source Plasma Donors
Authors: Rosa-Bray Marilyn , Bounpheng Mangkey A. , Wisdom Charlene , Gierman Todd , Becker Mark , Crookston Kendall P. 
Published: September 2023

Background The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted plasma as a strategic resource with continually increasing demand. Demographic data for plasma donors are limited compared with blood donors. Increased information regarding pre-pandemic donor demographics may serve as a baseline for evaluation of post-pandemic practices. OBJECTIVES This study asked the question, “What were the demographics of source plasma donors in the US compared to the general population and how did these change over a five-year period preceding the pandemic?” STUDY DESIGN Donor demographic data were retrospectively analyzed for the years 2014, 2016 and 2018 from a network of US plasma centers. METHODS Routine demographic data obtained prior to source plasma collection from all plasma donors at Grifols US centers were retrospectively analyzed. Donor screening and eligibility requirements were standardized across all donor sites and met all donor eligibility requirements (Code of Federal Regulations: 21 CFR part 600). During each calendar year, only data from the first donation in that year were included with each cohort year. RESULTS This study included 1,303,049 unique donors. Donors were predominantly young adult males, although females increased from 37.4% to 41.6%. Caucasians constituted the highest proportion, followed by African American and Hispanic donors. Demographics were generally stable, but the 2018 cohort and the US population exhibited significantly different age, race/ethnicity, and sex profiles. Of 2014 donors, 9.0% returned in all three years studied (2014-2016-2018), with a higher return rate of 16.0% observed for donors returning in just two of the years (2014-2016). Multiyear donors were predominantly male and African American. CONCLUSION US plasma donor demographics over a five-year period (2014-2018) showed generally consistent characteristics but differed from the general US population. Multiyear donors were demographically distinct from single-year donors. These data serve as a snapshot of the US source plasma donor base prior to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Relationships Between Transcranial Doppler Velocity, Von Willebrand Factor, Factor VIII, and Hematological Parameters in Children with Sickle Cell Anemia: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Enifeni Eniola Kehinde , Ogbenna Ann Abiola , Daramola Alaba Olanrewaju , Adewoyin Ademola Samson , Olatunya Oladele Simeon , Temiye Edamisan 
Published: September 2023

Background and Objectives Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is associated with recurrent acute inflammatory processes. These inflammatory processes could lead to elevation of Factor VIII and Von Willebrand Factor levels, thereby increasing the risk of stroke in SCA children. This study aims to determine vWF/FVIII levels in children with SCA and their association with abnormal transcranial Doppler (TCD). Subjects and Methods This study enrolled 75 children, including 24 SCA cases with normal TCD, 27 SCA cases with abnormal TCD, and 24 Hb AA controls, all aged between 2 and 16 years. Transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasound was performed to measure the cerebral blood velocity. Venous blood drawn from each participant was used to determine the levels of von Willebrand Factor Antigen (vWF: Ag) and Factor VIII (FVIII) and the complete blood count (CBC). Relationships among the measured parameters were determined using SPSS version 25. Statistical significance was set at P < .05. Results FVIII and vWF levels were significantly higher among children with SCA compared to the Hb AA controls ( P < .001). Although SCA patients with abnormal TCD tended to have higher levels of FVIII and vWF, this result did not attain statistical significance ( P > .05). There was a moderate negative correlation between the left middle cerebral artery and FVIII, (r = −0.332; P = .017). Children with SCA showing an abnormal TCD velocity had significantly higher platelet count compared to those with normal TCD ( P = .018). Conclusion Children with SCA have elevated levels of FVIII and vWF, and an abnormal TCD velocity is associated with elevated platelet count.
Application of a Caprylate/Chromatography Purification Process for Production of a Hepatitis B Immune Globulin from Pooled Human Plasma
Authors: Srivastava Jyoti , Talton Chad , Vandeberg Pete , Woznichak Michelle , Merritt W. Keither , Jose Marta 
Published: September 2023

Background Hepatitis B (HB) is a worldwide public health problem affecting around 250 million people. Only about 10% of people with HB are aware that they are infected. Vaccination is crucial to prophylactically controlling HB and the combination of vaccination and HB immune globulin (HBIG) are essential in preventing disease after exposure to the HB virus. Objectives In this article, a caprylate-chromatography process has been used for the production of HBIG (HBIG-C). The previously used solvent-detergent process produced an HBIG (HBIG-S/D) with an excellent safety profile but allowed the retention of some procoagulant plasma proteins. The present studies were conducted to assess the character and purity of HBIG produced by the caprylate-chromatography process. Design and Methods Several analytical methods (eg, chromatography, immunoassays, and nephelometry) were used to assess the molecular characteristics, purity and HBIG potency and specific activity of HBIG-C. In addition, testing was conducted to assess the levels of several pro-coagulant factors. HBIG-C was compared with HBIG-S/D and other immunoglobulins manufactured by the S/D process. Results The analysis of HBIG-C showed that the product was almost entirely IgG (99.3 ± 0.2% by electrophoresis) and that the residual IgA was less than that found in S/D products. The IgG present in HBIG-C was 99.7 ± 0.6% monomers and dimers as measured by size exclusion chromatography. Aggregates and fragments constituted < 1%. The IgG subclass distribution in HBIG-C was in the normal reference range. Coagulation factor impurities and pro-coagulant activity were reduced in HBIG-C compared to IgG prepared by the S/D method. Conclusions HBIG-C takes advantage of long-established donor selection processes combined with recently improved manufacturing processes to produce a safe and effective HBIG-product. HBIG-C combines high purity with reduced pro-coagulant factors in a product used for post-exposure prophylaxis of HB.
Frequency and Clinical Significance of Antinuclear Antibody Positivity in Immune Thrombocytopenia in Adults
Authors: Munawar Ali Rabeea , Zafar Sidra , Abid Madiha , Javed Butt Aqsa , Ali Muhammad Shujat , Borhany Munira 
Published: September 2023

Background Immune thrombocytopenia is an immune-mediated disorder with heterogenous presentation. It shows association with other autoimmune disorders with varying frequency. Objective The objective of this study was to establish the frequency of antinuclear antibody (ANA) in our population and to evaluate its association with severity of clinical presentation, disease remission and association with other autoimmune diseases. Design Cross-sectional study. Methods This was a descriptive cross-sectional study that included 160 patients with immune thrombocytopenia purpura (ITP) presented at National Institute of Blood Disease and Bone Marrow Transplantation from February 2021 to July 2022. Patients were screened for ANA and other causes of secondary ITP. ANA-positive patients were compared with ANA-negative patients in terms of bleeding manifestations and platelet counts at initial presentation, association with other autoimmune diseases and response to first-line treatment. Results In our study 43 (26.9%) patients were ANA positive and 117 (73.1%) were negative for ANA. The initial platelet counts, and bleeding symptoms were not found to be significantly different among the 2 groups. And 79.1% of the ANA-positive patients had other autoimmune markers as well compared to 20.9% ANA-negative patients, showing a significant association ( P<.001). Response to treatment with steroid ± azathioprine assessed at 3 and 6 months were similar in both the groups. Conclusion Our results demonstrate that ANA positivity is not associated with severity of presenting symptoms, initial platelet counts, or response to treatment. However, the presence of ANA is associated with increased risk of other autoimmune diseases in patients with ITP.
A Pilot Study Evaluating the Ex Vivo Effects of Varying Factor VIII Concentration on Clot Kinetics and Architecture in Patients With Haemophilia A
Authors: Morris Chanel , Potgieter Johan , Bester Janette 
Published: September 2023

Background Haemophilia A (HA) is a bleeding disorder, due to a deficiency in factor VIII (FVIII). These patients are unable to produce a stable fibrin clot in the propagation phase of coagulation as they do not generate sufficient thrombin. The primary treatment for HA in South Africa remains replacement therapy with standard half-life FVIII clotting factor concentrate, aimed at reducing bleeding episodes. Objectives To evaluate the effect of varying concentrations of FVIII on whole blood (WB) clot architecture and kinetics during clot formation in patients with severe HA. Design A cross-sectional study where blood from 20 patients with HA was exposed to FVIII ex vivo and compared to a control group of 20 healthy individuals. Methods Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to study WB clot architecture and thromboelastography® (TEG®) was used to quantify WB clot kinetics. Results Scanning electron microscopy studies revealed that patients with HA have sparse, disorganized fibrin networks with limited crosslinking and red blood cells (RBCs) stacked in rouleaux formation. Haemophilia A blood spiked to a 10 to 15 IU/dL FVIII concentration showed improvements in the organisation of the fibrin network with some altered RBCs. In addition, blood spiked to a 30 to 35 IU/dL FVIII concentration showed an increase in fibrin formation with normal RBCs. Thromboelastography® showed that patients with HA had an increased clot initiation time and decreased clot strength. When spiked to a 10 to 15 IU/dL FVIII concentration the clot kinetic profile showed normalization. However, an increase in FVIII concentration higher than 30 IU/dL showed altered clot architecture and kinetics. Conclusion Based on the current study, FVIII levels at 10 to 15 IU/dL improved clot kinetics but did not normalize the architecture. It may be sufficient for prevention of haemorrhages. Factor VIII levels at 30 to 35 IU/dL resulted in rapid but weaker clot formation. However, at this concentration the clot architecture was normalised which is important for haemostasis. Here it was also evident that the findings of these two modalities (TEG® and SEM) should not be separated but interpreted in conjunction with each other.
Exploring the Use of Lung Ultrasonography to Assess Cardiac Surgery Patients: A Scoping Review
Authors: Farrell Casey , Cooper Kay , Hayward Simon , Walker Craig 
Published: September 2023

Objective: Lung ultrasonography (LUS) is a safe, quick, and portable diagnostic tool, which can accurately detect postoperative pulmonary complications, postsurgically, without ionizing radiation. The aim of this scoping review was to map the evidence base regarding the use of LUS to assess cardiac surgery patients. Materials and Methods: The JBI methodology was used to conduct this particular scoping review. Results: In total, 90 publications were identified and of those, 73 were research studies, six were narrative reviews, and 11 were narrative, opinion, and text articles. The studies that were included were predominantly observational cohorts and aimed to determine or compare LUS diagnostic ability, prognostic ability, or both. The LUS methods used with patients were heterogeneous and variably reported. Conclusion: Despite an increasing number of studies since 2014, standardized protocols for the use of LUS are yet to be widely adopted and remain an important area for further work. Future research should consider exploring perceptions and experiences of LUS, the use of LUS in treatment outcome measurement, and use by nonphysician health care professionals.
Natural history study of patients with familial platelet disorder with associated myeloid malignancy
Authors: Cunningham Lea , Merguerian Matthew , Calvo Katherine R. , Davis Joie , Deuitch Natalie T. , Dulau-Florea Alina , Patel Nisha , Yu Kai , Sacco Keith , Bhattacharya Sumona , Passi Monica , Ozkaya Neval , De Leon Seila , Chong Shawn , Craft Kathleen , Diemer Jamie , Bresciani Erica , O’Brien Kevin , Andrews Elizabeth J. , Park Nguyen , Hathaway Londa , Cowen Edward W. , Heller Theo , Ryan Kerry , Barochia Amisha , Nghiem Khanh , Niemela Julie , Rosenzweig Sergio , Young David J. , Frischmeyer-Guerrerio Pamela A. , Braylan Raul , Liu Paul P. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Deleterious germ line RUNX1 variants cause the autosomal dominant familial platelet disorder with associated myeloid malignancy (FPDMM), characterized by thrombocytopenia, platelet dysfunction, and a predisposition to hematologic malignancies (HMs). We launched a FPDMM natural history study and, from January 2019 to December 2021, enrolled 214 participants, including 111 patients with 39 different RUNX1 variants from 45 unrelated families. Seventy of 77 patients had thrombocytopenia, 18 of 18 had abnormal platelet aggregometry, 16 of 35 had decreased platelet dense granules, and 28 of 55 had abnormal bleeding scores. Nonmalignant bone marrows showed increased numbers of megakaryocytes in 12 of 55 patients, dysmegakaryopoiesis in 42 of 55, and reduced cellularity for age in 30 of 55 adult and 17 of 21 pediatric cases. Of 111 patients, 19 were diagnosed with HMs, including myelodysplastic syndrome, acute myeloid leukemia, chronic myelomonocytic leukemia, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and smoldering myeloma. Of those 19, 18 were relapsed or refractory to upfront therapy and referred for stem cell transplantation. In addition, 28 of 45 families had at least 1 member with HM. Moreover, 42 of 45 patients had allergic symptoms, and 24 of 30 had gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms. Our results highlight the importance of a multidisciplinary approach, early malignancy detection, and wider awareness of inherited disorders. This actively accruing, longitudinal study will genotype and phenotype more patients with FPDMM, which may lead to a better understanding of the disease pathogenesis and clinical course, which may then inform preventive and therapeutic interventions. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT03854318.
The long-term efficacy and safety of nilotinib in pediatric patients with CML: a 5-year update of the DIALOG study
Authors: Hijiya Nobuko , Maschan Alexey , Rizzari Carmelo , Shimada Hiroyuki , Dufour Carlo , Goto Hiroaki , Kang Hyoung Jin , Guinipero Terri , Karakas Zeynep , Bautista Francisco , Ducassou Stéphane , Yoo Keon Hee , Zwaan Christian Michel , Millot Frédéric , Patterson Briana C. , Samis Jill , Izquierdo Miguel , Titorenko Ksenia , Li Sai , Sosothikul Darintr 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The efficacy and safety of nilotinib in pediatric patients with imatinib/dasatinib resistant/intolerant (R/I) or newly diagnosed (ND) Philadelphia chromosome–positive (Ph+) chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase (CML-CP) was demonstrated in the phase 2, open-label DIALOG study. In this final analysis, long-term efficacy and safety are presented for patients who completed 66 cycles (of 28 days) of treatment with nilotinib (230 mg/m2 twice daily) or discontinued early. Overall, 59 patients were enrolled and 58 were treated (R/I, n = 33; ND, n = 25; median time on treatment: 60.5 and 51.9 months, respectively). In the R/I cohort, the cumulative major molecular response (MMR; BCR::ABL1 international scale [IS] ≤ 0.1%) rate was 60.6%, and no patients had a confirmed loss of MMR. Among ND patients, the best overall MMR rate was 76.0%; 3 patients had a confirmed loss of MMR. The cumulative molecular response MR4 (BCR::ABL1IS ≤ 0.01%) and MR4.5 (BCR::ABL1IS ≤ 0.0032%) rates by 66 cycles were 27.3% and 12.1% in the R/I cohort, and 56.0% and 44.0% in the ND cohort, respectively. The safety profile of nilotinib was consistent with those of earlier reports. No on-treatment deaths occurred. These long-term (up to ∼5 years) data support the efficacy and safety of nilotinib in pediatric patients with Ph+ CML-CP. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov.uk as #NCT01844765.