bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Decoding neural patterns for the processing of fearful faces under different visual awareness conditions: A multivariate pattern analysis
Authors: Qiu Zeguo , Li Xuqian , Pegna Alan J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPrevious studies have provided mixed findings regarding the nonconscious processing of fearful faces. Here, we used multivariate pattern analysis on electroencephalography data from three backward masking experiments to examine the processing of fearful faces under different visual awareness conditions. Three groups of participants were shown pairs of face images presented very briefly (for 16 ms) or for sufficiently long (for 266 ms), and completed tasks where the faces were either relevant to the experimental task (Experiment 1) or not (Experiments 2 and 3). Three main decoding analyses were performed. First, in the visual awareness decoding, the visibility of the faces, and hence participants' awareness of them, was maximally decodable in three time windows: 158–168 ms, 235–260 ms and 400–600 ms where the earlier neural patterns were generalized to the later stage activity. Second, we found that the spatial location of a fearful face in the face pairs was decodable, however only when the faces were consciously seen and task‐relevant. Finally, we successfully decoded distinct neural patterns associated with the fearful‐face‐present conditions, compared to the fearful‐face‐absent conditions, and these patterns were decodable during both short and long presentations of the faces. Together, our results suggest that, while the processing of the spatial location of fearful faces requires awareness and task‐relevancy, the mere presence of fearful faces can be processed even when visual awareness is highly restricted.
The MADS‐box protein SlTAGL1 regulates a ripening‐associated SlDQD/SDH2 involved in flavonoid biosynthesis and resistance against Botrytis cinerea in post‐harvest tomato fruit
Authors: Wang Ruochen , Liu Kaidong , Tang Bei , Su Dan , He Xiaoqing , Deng Heng , Wu Mengbo , Bouzayen Mondher , Grierson Don , Liu Mingchun 
Published: June 2023

SUMMARY3‐Dehydroquinate dehydratase/shikimate dehydrogenase (DQD/SDH) is a key rate‐limiting enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of the shikimate, which is an important metabolic intermediate in plants and animals. However, the function of SlDQD/SDH family genes in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) fruit metabolites is still unknown. In the present study, we identified a ripening‐associated SlDQD/SDH member, SlDQD/SDH2, that plays a key role in shikimate and flavonoid metabolism. Overexpression of this gene resulted in an increased content of shikimate and flavonoids, while knockout of this gene by CRISPR/Cas9 mediated gene editing led to a significantly lower content of shikimate and flavonoids by downregulation of flavonoid biosynthesis‐related genes. Moreover, we showed that SlDQD/SDH2 confers resistance against Botrytis cinerea attack in post‐harvest tomato fruit. Dual‐luciferase reporter and EMSA assays indicated that SlDQD/SDH2 is a direct target of the key ripening regulator SlTAGL1. In general, this study provided a new insight into the biosynthesis of flavonoid and B. cinerea resistance in fruit tomatoes.
New Solutions of the Fractional Differential Equations With Modified Mittag-Leffler Kernel
Authors: Odibat Zaid , Baleanu Dumitru 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This paper is concerned with some features of the modified Caputo-type Mittag-Leffler fractional derivative operator and its associated fractional integral operator. Mainly, new types of solutions for fractional differential equations with Mittag-Leffler kernel are generated based on a numerical algorithm developed in this paper. The suggested algorithm is used to describe the solution behavior of models involving modified Caputo-type Mittag-Leffler fractional derivatives. The results described in this paper are expected to be effectively employed in the area of simulating related fractional models.
Development of Analysis Tools for Heat Pipes Used in the Core Cooling of Small Modular Reactors: Potassium Property Correlations
Authors: Beuthe Thomas , Jazebizadeh Hooman , Vasić Aleksandar , Pegarkov Alex , Kaya Tarik , Zahlan Hussam 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Alkali metal heat pipes can be used for core cooling in advanced micro- and small modular reactors. This article provides a detailed review of currently available saturation property correlations for potassium that can be utilized in heat pipe simulation models. Using these properties, numerical models will be developed and employed to simulate and compare the performance of heat pipe models to experimental results. A comprehensive comparative overview of the best available potassium saturation property correlations developed over the past century has been assembled. The results show most of the potassium property correlations needed to model a heat pipe are relatively well defined and recommendations for their use can be provided, but the findings also suggest a significant disparity in some cases.
Efficacy and safety of luseogliflozin in Caucasian patients with type 2 diabetes: results from a phase III, randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trial
Authors: Shestakova Marina , Kvasnikov Boris , Erina Ekaterina , Isachenko Elena , Andreev Alexander 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionMost data demonstrating the efficacy and safety of luseogliflozin (luseo) in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) originate from the Japanese population. This study evaluated luseo versus placebo (PCB) as add-on to metformin in a Caucasian population with inadequately controlled T2DM.Research design and methodsThis was a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, PCB-controlled, parallel-group study. Patients aged 18–75 years with inadequately controlled T2DM (glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) ≥7% to ≤10% (≥53 to ≤86 mmol/mol)) despite a diet and exercise program and on a stable metformin regimen were eligible. Patients were randomized to one of three luseo groups (2.5, 5.0 and 10.0 mg) or PCB for 12 weeks (W12). The primary endpoint was change in HbA1c expressed as least-square means from baseline (W0) to W12.ResultsA total of 328 patients were randomized: PCB (n=83) and luseo 2.5 mg (n=80), 5.0 mg (n=86), and 10.0 mg (n=79). Mean age (±SD) was 58.5±8.8 years; 64.6% were women; body mass index was 31.5±3.4 kg/m2; and HbA1c was 8.54±0.70. At W12, mean reductions in HbA1c from W0 were −0.98%, −1.09%, −1.18%, and −0.73% in the luseo 2.5, 5.0 and 10.0 mg, and PCB groups, respectively, all of which were statistically significant. Compared with PCB, HbA1c levels were significantly decreased by 0.25% (p=0.045), 0.36% (p=0.006), and 0.45% (p=0.001) in the luseo 2.5, 5.0, and 10.0 mg groups, respectively. In all luseo dose groups, reductions in body weight were statistically significant compared with PCB. Data from the safety analysis were consistent with the known luseo safety profile.ConclusionsAll doses of luseo as add-on to metformin in Caucasian patients with uncontrolled T2DM demonstrated significant efficacy in decreasing HbA1c after W12 of treatment.Trial registration numberISRCTN39549850.
Safety and efficacy of hydroxychloroquine as prophylactic against COVID-19 in healthcare workers: a meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials
Authors: Hong Hwanhee , Friedland Anne , Hu Mengyi , Anstrom Kevin J , Halabi Susan , McKinnon John E , Amaravadi Ravi , Rojas-Serrano Jorge , Abella Benjamin S , Portillo-Vázquez Angélica Margarita , Woods Christopher W , Hernandez Adrian F , Boulware David R , Naggie Susanna , Rajasingham Radha 
Published: June 2023

ObjectiveWe studied the safety and efficacy of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) as pre-exposure prophylaxis for COVID-19 in healthcare workers (HCWs), using a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs).Data sourcesPubMed and EMBASE databases were searched to identify randomised trials studying HCQ.Study selectionTen RCTs were identified (n=5079 participants).Data extraction and synthesisThe Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were used in this systematic review and meta-analysis between HCQ and placebo using a Bayesian random-effects model. A pre-hoc statistical analysis plan was written.Main outcomesThe primary efficacy outcome was PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and the primary safety outcome was incidence of adverse events. The secondary outcome included clinically suspected SARS-CoV-2 infection.ResultsCompared with placebo, HCWs randomised to HCQ had no significant difference in PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection (OR 0.92, 95% credible interval (CI): 0.58, 1.37) or clinically suspected SARS-CoV-2 infection (OR 0.78, 95% CI: 0.57, 1.10), but significant difference in adverse events (OR 1.35, 95% CI: 1.03, 1.73).Conclusions and relevanceOur meta-analysis of 10 RCTs investigating the safety and efficacy of HCQ as pre-exposure prophylaxis in HCWs found that compared with placebo, HCQ does not significantly reduce the risk of confirmed or clinically suspected SARS-CoV-2 infection, while HCQ significantly increases adverse events.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021285093.
Suicide postvention for staff and students on university campuses: a scoping review
Authors: Allie Sophia-Lorraine Noxolo , Bantjes Jason , Andriessen Karl 
Published: June 2023

ObjectiveTo examine current knowledge about suicide bereavement and postvention interventions for university staff and students.DesignScoping review.Data sources and eligibilityWe conducted systematic searches in 12 electronic databases (PubMed, PsycINFO, MEDLINE, CINAHL, Africa-Wide Information, PsycARTICLES, Health Source: Nursing/Academic Edition, Academic Search Premier, SocINDEX through the EBSCOHOST platform; Cochrane Library, Web of Science, SCOPUS), hand searched lists of references of included articles and consulted with library experts during September 2021 and June 2022. Eligible studies were screened against the inclusion criteria independently by two reviewers. Only studies published in English were included.Data extraction and synthesisScreening was conducted by two independent reviewers following a three-step article screening process. Biographical data and study characteristics were extracted using a data extraction form and synthesised.ResultsOur search strategy identified 7691 records from which 3170 abstracts were screened. We assessed 29 full texts and included 17 articles for the scoping review. All studies were from high-income countries (USA, Canada, UK). The review identified no postvention intervention studies on university campuses. Study designs were mostly descriptive quantitative or mixed methods. Data collection and sampling were heterogeneous.ConclusionStaff and students require support measures due to the impact of suicide bereavement and the unique nature of the university context. There is a need for further research to move from descriptive studies to focus on intervention studies, particularly at universities in low-income and middle-income countries.
What does high value care for musculoskeletal conditions mean and how do you apply it in practice? A consensus statement from a research network of physiotherapists in New South Wales, Australia
Authors: Gleadhill Connor , Dooley Katherine , Kamper Steven J , Manvell Nicole , Corrigan Michael , Cashin Aidan , Birchill Noah , Donald Bruce , Leyland Murray , Delbridge Andrew , Barnett Chris , Renfrew David , Lamond Steven , Boettcher Craig Edward , Chambers Lucia , Maude Travis , Davis Jon , Hodgson Stephanie , Makaroff Andrew , Wallace James B , Kotrick Kelly , Mullen Nicholas , Gallagher Ryan , Zelinski Samuel , Watson Toby , Davidson Simon , Viana Da Silva Priscilla , Mahon Benjamin , Delore Caitlin , Manvell Joshua , Gibbs Benedicta , Hook Chris , Stoddard Chris , Meers Elliot , Byrne Michael , Schneider Tim , Bolsewicz Katarzyna , Williams Christopher Michael 
Published: June 2023

ObjectivesTo develop a physiotherapist-led consensus statement on the definition and provision of high-value care for people with musculoskeletal conditions.DesignWe performed a three-stage study using Research And Development/University of California Los Angeles Appropriateness Method methodology. We reviewed evidence about current definitions through a rapid literature review and then performed a survey and interviews with network members to gather consensus. Consensus was finalised in a face-to-face meeting.SettingAustralian primary care.ParticipantsRegistered physiotherapists who are members of a practice-based research network (n=31).ResultsThe rapid review revealed two definitions, four domains of high value care and seven themes of high-quality care. Online survey responses (n=26) and interviews (n=9) generated two additional high-quality care themes, a definition of low-value care, and 21 statements on the application of high value care. Consensus was reached for three working definitions (high value, high-quality and low value care), a final model of four high value care domains (high-quality care, patient values, cost-effectiveness, reducing waste), nine high-quality care themes and 15 statements on application.ConclusionHigh value care for musculoskeletal conditions delivers most value for the patient, and the clinical benefits outweigh the costs to the individual or system providing the care. High-quality care is evidence based, effective and safe care that is patient-centred, consistent, accountable, timely, equitable and allows easy interaction with healthcare providers and healthcare systems.
Burden of maternal high-risk fertility behaviour on under-five children’s health status in Hadiya zone, Southern Ethiopia: a facility-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Kusheta Samuel , Demelash Robel , Kenea Elias , Kasa Genet , Ermako Woineshet , Daniel Dinku 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundMaternal high-risk fertility behaviours (HRFBs) are common in African countries and can potentially affect child survival. Evidence of the burden of maternal HRFB on under-five children is scant in Ethiopia.ObjectiveTo determine the burden of maternal HRFB on under-five children’s health status in Hadiya zone, Southern Ethiopia.DesignA facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted.SettingAll secondary and tertiary public healthcare centres; that are, one referral and three district hospitals providing comprehensive emergency obstetric care services in the Hadiya zone, Southern Ethiopia.ParticipantsThree hundred women of reproductive age (15–49 years) who had undergone childbirth in the 5 years preceding this study and living with at least one child younger than 5 years admitted to public hospitals in Hadiya zone were included.Main outcome measureUnder-five children’s health status.ResultsThe overall proportion of maternal HRFB among currently married women was 60.3%, with 35.0% falling into a single high-risk category and 25.3% falling into multiple high-risk categories. Children younger than 5 years born to mothers having HRFB had an increased chance of acute respiratory infections five times, diarrhoea six times, fever eight times, low birth weight six times and a chance of dying before the fifth birthday two times than children born to mothers with no risk. The risks of morbidity and mortality further increased when children were born to mothers falling into multiple high-risk categories.ConclusionsThe overall proportion of maternal HRFB among currently married women was high in the study area. A statistically significant association was seen between maternal HRFB and health outcomes of children younger than 5 years old. Intervening to avert maternal HRFBs through family planning may help to reduce childhood morbidity and mortality.
A hypothesis - generating Swedish extended national cross-sectional family study of multimorbidity severity and venous thromboembolism
Authors: Ahrén Jonatan , Pirouzifard MirNabi , Holmquist Björn , Sundquist Jan , Halling Anders , Sundquist Kristina , Zöller Bengt 
Published: June 2023

ObjectivesVenous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common worldwide disease. The burden of multimorbidity, that is, two or more chronic diseases, has increased. Whether multimorbidity is associated with VTE risk remains to be studied. Our aim was to determine any association between multimorbidity and VTE and any possible shared familial susceptibility.DesignA nationwide extended cross-sectional hypothesis - generating family study between 1997 and 2015.SettingThe Swedish Multigeneration Register, the National Patient Register, the Total Population Register and the Swedish cause of death register were linked.Participants2 694 442 unique individuals were analysed for VTE and multimorbidity.Main outcomes and measuresMultimorbidity was determined by a counting method using 45 non-communicable diseases. Multimorbidity was defined by the occurrence of ≥2 diseases. A multimorbidity score was constructed defined by 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 or more diseases.ResultsSixteen percent (n=440 742) of the study population was multimorbid. Of the multimorbid patients, 58% were females. There was an association between multimorbidity and VTE. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) for VTE in individuals with multimorbidity (2 ≥ diagnoses) was 3.16 (95% CI: 3.06 to 3.27) compared with individuals without multimorbidity. There was an association between number of diseases and VTE. The adjusted OR was 1.94 (95% CI: 1.86 to 2.02) for one disease, 2.93 (95% CI: 2.80 to 3.08) for two diseases, 4.07 (95% CI: 3.85 to 4.31) for three diseases, 5.46 (95% CI: 5.10 to 5.85) for four diseases and 9.08 (95% CI: 8.56 to 9.64) for 5 ≥ diseases. The association between multimorbidity and VTE was stronger in males OR 3.45 (3.29 to 3.62) than in females OR 2.91 (2.77 to 3.04). There were significant but mostly weak familial associations between multimorbidity in relatives and VTE.ConclusionsIncreasing multimorbidity exhibits a strong and increasing association with VTE. Familial associations suggest a weak shared familial susceptibility. The association between multimorbidity and VTE suggests that future cohort studies where multimorbidity is used to predict VTE might be worthwhile.
Examination of the demographic representativeness of a cross-sectional mobile phone survey in collecting health data in Colombia using random digit dialling
Authors: Guzman-Tordecilla Deivis Nicolas , Vecino-Ortiz Andres I , Torres-Quintero Angélica , Solorzano-Barrera Camila , Ali Joseph , Peñaloza-Quintero Rolando Enrique , Ahmed Saifuddin , Pariyo George W , Maniar Vidhi , Gibson Dustin G 
Published: June 2023

ObjectivesAs mobile phone ownership becomes more widespread in low-income and middle-income countries, mobile phone surveys (MPSs) present an opportunity to collect data on health more cost-effectively. However, selectivity and coverage biases in MPS are concerns, and there is limited information about the population-level representativeness of these surveys compared with household surveys. This study aims at comparing the sociodemographic characteristics of the respondents of an MPS on non-communicable disease risk factors to a household survey in Colombia.DesignCross-sectional study. We used a random digit dialling method to select the samples for calling mobile phone numbers. The survey was conducted using two modalities: computer-assisted telephone interviews (CATIs) and interactive voice response (IVR). The participants were assigned randomly to one of the survey modalities based on a targeted sampling quota stratified by age and sex. The Quality-of-Life Survey (ECV), a nationally representative survey conducted in the same year of the MPS, was used as a reference to compare the sample distributions by sociodemographic characteristics of the MPS data. Univariate and bivariate analyses were performed to evaluate the population representativeness between the ECV and the MPSs.SettingThe study was conducted in Colombia in 2021.ParticipantsPopulation at least 18 years old with a mobile phone.ResultsWe completed 1926 and 2983 interviews for CATI and IVR, respectively. We found that the MPS data have a similar (within 10% points) age–sex data distribution compared with the ECV dataset for some subpopulations, mainly for young populations, people with none/primary and secondary education levels, and people who live in urban and rural areas.ConclusionsThis study shows that MPS could collect similar data to household surveys in terms of age, sex, high school education level and geographical area for some population categories. Strategies are needed to improve representativeness of the under-represented groups.
Influenza presentations and use of neuraminidase inhibitors by Australian general practice registrars: a cross-sectional analysis from the ReCEnT study
Authors: Moller Chris , van Driel Mieke , Davey Andrew , Tapley Amanda , Holliday Elizabeth G , Fielding Alison , Davis Joshua , Ball Jean , Ralston Anna , Turner Alexandria , Mulquiney Katie , Spike Neil , Fitzgerald Kristen , Magin Parker 
Published: June 2023

ObjectiveThis study aims to establish prevalence and associations of (1) influenza and influenza-like illness (IILI) presentations to Australian general practice (GP) registrars (trainees) and (2) the use of neuraminidase inhibitors (NAIs) by GP registrars for new presentations of IILI, for the 10 years leading up to the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia (2010–2019).DesignThis was a cross-sectional analysis of the Registrar Clinical Encounters in Training ongoing inception cohort study of the in-consultation experience and clinical behaviours of GP registrars. Data are collected by individual registrars three times (from 60 consecutive consultations each time) at 6 monthly intervals. Data include diagnoses/problems managed and medicines prescribed, along with multiple other variables. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression was used to establish associations of registrars seeing patients with IILI and of prescribing NAIs for IILI.SettingTeaching practices within the Australian general practitioner specialist vocational training programme. Practices were located in five of the six Australian states (plus one territory).ParticipantsGP registrars in each of their three compulsory 6-month GP training terms.ResultsFrom 2010 to 2019, 0.2% of diagnoses/problems seen by registrars were IILI. 15.4% of new IILI presentations were prescribed an NAI. IILI diagnoses were less likely in younger (0–14) and older (65+) age groups, and more likely in an area of higher socioeconomic advantage. There was considerable variation in NAI prescribing between regions. There was no significant association of prescribing NAIs with age or Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander patients.ConclusionsIILI presentations were more likely among working-age adults and not among those groups at higher risk. Similarly, high-risk patient groups who would benefit most were not more likely to receive NAIs. The epidemiology and management of IILI has been distorted by the COVID-19 pandemic, but the burden of influenza in vulnerable populations must not be overlooked. Appropriately targeted antiviral therapy with NAIs influences outcomes for vulnerable patients. General practitioners manage the majority of IILI in Australia, and understanding GP IILI presentation and NAI prescribing patterns is a key first step to enabling sound and rational prescribing decisions for better patient outcomes.