bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Group Investigation Flipped Learning in Achieving of Students’ Critical and Creative Thinking Viewed from Their Cognitive Engagement in Learning Physics
Authors: Tegeh I Made , Santyasa I Wayan , Agustini Ketut , Santyadiputra Gede Saindra , Juniantari Made 
Published: July 2023

In 21st century, students in schools especially in learning physics must be facilitated with student centered learning models that are integrated with technology, such as group investigation flipped learning (GrIFL) as instead of direct flipped learning (DFL) model. This study aims to analyze the main and interactive effects between the GrIFL model and the DFL model on students' critical and creative thinking viewed from their cognitive ingagement in learning physics. To achieve this goal, experimental research was conducted using a post test only control group design. The sample was selected by class random technique. The research data were collected by critical thinking tests, creative thinking tests, and cognitive engagement questionnaires. The research data were analyzed using two-way multivariate analysis of variance. The results showed that the critical thinking and creative thinking of students who studied with the GrIFL model were higher than students who studied with the DFL model; students who had high cognitive engagement showed the same critical thinking skills as those who had low cognitive involvement, but creative thinking of students who have high cognitive involvement is higher than students who have low cognitive involvement; there is no interactive effect between learning models and students' cognitive ingagement on critical thinking and creative thinking. The implication of this research is that in order to achieve optimal critical thinking and creative thinking, physics learning will be better if using the GrIFL model.
Pre-service Teachers’ Use and Usefulness of Blackboard Learning Management Systems for Self-Regulated Learning
Authors: Kibirige Israel , Odora Ronald James 
Published: July 2023

Although BLB has many applications students use, it is not clear which applications are used most and perceived most useful for Self-Regulated Learning (SRL). The objective of this research is to establish applications pre-service teachers use most and perceive as most useful for SRL. The study used a cross-sectional survey design with 120 technology education undergraduate pre-service teachers. A questionnaire was distributed during the Technology Education period and collected after 45 minutes. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) determined the most BLB applications and their perceived usefulness, while a t-test examined male and female differences in the use and usefulness of BLB applications for SRL. Both tests were done using SPSS version 22. The major result shows half of all BLB applications perceived as useful were the ones used most and had positive associations. Three out of eight accounted for 95.69% of the use, while four applications accounted for 73.33% variances in usefulness. Component loadings 1-3 for BLB use variance were: subject content 80.9%, assessment 11.2%, and 3.55%, while usefulness components 1-4 variance were: subject content 26.7%, assessment 17.9%, class task 16.1%, and grade centre 12.6%. There were differences between gender in the use and usefulness of BLB applications, with males taking the lead in both. Thus, this study extends the debate on the gender gap in technology use in higher education.
ANALISIS MINAT BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK PADA MATA PELAJARAN IPS KELAS IV A SDN 3 TUGU
Authors: Dewi Gustika Citra , Nugraha Fajar , Heris Mahendra Hatma 
Published: July 2023

Interest in learning is the interest of students in learning activities at school, one of which is in social studies subjects. From the results of preliminary observations, there is a phenomenon that out of 29 students, there are 10 people who lack interest in social studies subjects. This study aims to describe how students’ interest in learning in social studies subjects, supporting factors and inhibiting factors of learning interest, and alternative strategies in increasing students’ interest in learning. This research method uses a descriptive qualitative approach. The conclusion of the results of the research that has been carried out that the interest in learning students of 4ͭ ͪ grade A SDN 3 Tugu in social studies subjects is moderate. There are supporting factors and inhibiting factors related to factors that affect the interest in learning, namely physical and psychological students, family support, teaching provided by teachers in schools, and the community environment. An alternative strategy in increasing students’ interest in learning in social studies subjects is technology-based interactive learning.
ANALISIS KARAKTER TANGGUNG JAWAB SISWA YANG SULIT DALAM BERSOSIALISASI (INTROVERT)
Authors: Putri Rahayu Novi , Fatimah Zahrah, M.Pd Riza , Chandra, M.Pd Deni 
Published: July 2023

This study discusses the character of student responsibility that is difficult to socialize (introvert). The purpose of this study is to describe why children are difficult to socialize (Introvert) and to describe what factors cause children to have a character of responsibility in school. This research method uses descriptive qualitative with a sample of two students and one homeroom teacher. The data was obtained using participant observation techniques, semi-structured interview and documentation. The results showed that children find it difficult to socialized due to lack of self-confidence so that the need for parental support in the family environment is the first place for the formation of children’s character, education received in the family as a basis for socializing with the community environment, and the character of responsibility can be seen from the following factors, namely deeply sinan active participation in learning to do six tasks in a timely manner and honesty awareness to be responsible is not a genetic attitude that has existed in every individual since birth but needs to be grown through the habit.
Keyword : Introvert personality, Responsibility
ANALISIS PENGETAHUAN DAN KECAKAPAN LITERASI NUMERASI SISWA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN OPERASI HITUNG BILANGAN BULAT SISWA KELAS IV SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Faiqotusshabrina Nanda , Fita Asri Untari Mei , Ardi Saputro Bagus 
Published: July 2023

The background that drives this research is that students' numeracy literacy skills are still low, students still do not understand the concept of solving mathematical problems applied in life everyday related to the concept of numeracy literacy. The purpose of this study is (1) to determine the efforts made by schools in carrying out numeracy literacy activities. (2) To find out the supporting factors and obstacles to numeracy literacy of grade IV students of SDN Kaliayu, Kendal Regency . (3) To describe the ability of knowledge and numeracy literacy skills in learning integer counting operations of grade IV students of SDN Kaliayu, Kendal Regency. This type of research is qualitative with a descriptive approach. The results of this study show that schools have tried to habituate numeracy literacy routinely by facilitating infrastructure such as books, reading corners , libraries and digital libraries.in addition, one of the supporting factors for student numeracy literacy in grade IV is the competence of teachers in understanding numeracy literacy , while the inhibiting factor is the low interest in student numeracy literacy. Students ' numeracy literacy in learning integer counting operations, based on the results of research shows that students understand the material well but students still have difficulty in understanding the context of numeracy literacy. Students tend to have numeracy literacy skills, namely analyzing information displayed in various forms (tables, graphs, charts and other forms). Schools are expected to improve interesting facilities to support student numeracy literacy and schools are expected to strive for numeracy literacy learning with mathematical concepts in life everyday.
Retrospective Evaluation of Intravenous Fosfomycin in Multi-drug Resistant Infections at A Tertiary Care Hospital in İstanbul
Authors: Doğan Kaya Sibel , Uygun Kızmaz Yeşim 
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Fosfomycin has started to be used again as a possible therapeutic alternative in cases injected with resistant bacterial pathogens. Its primary mechanism of action is inhibition of the first step of cell wall synthesis; This mechanism is effective against both Gram-positive and Gram- negative bacterial groups. However, its clinical efficacy against bacteria that develop multidrug resistance is largely unknown. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the clinical and microbiological efficacy of intravenous Fosfomycin in a tertiary care center.
Methods: The group of adult patients aged 18 years and over who applied to the hospital between January 2018 and December 2022 and were given intravenous fosfomycin therapy for at least 24 hours due to any infection were retrospectively analyzed.
Results: 71 patients were included in our study. The female/male ratio of these patients was 35/36, and the mean age was 61.5±17.0 (18-84). The avarage time to treatment was 10.6 days (11.3-+11.4). 22 patients (31%) from Intensive Care Unit and 49 (69%) patients from other clinics were included in the study. 18 bacteremia (26%), 15 pneumonia (21%), 14 wound infections (19%), 13 ventilator-associated pneumonia (18%), 5 urinary tract infections (UTI) (8%), 4 abdominal infections (6%) and 2 endocarditis (3%). Detected causative microorganisms were 18 carbapenem susceptible Klebsiella pneumoniae (44%), pandrug resistan Klebsiella pneumoniae (17.5%), 5 MRSA (12.5%), 5 pandrug resistan Pseudomonas aerinosa (12%) ,4 Escherichia coli (10%), 1 Acinetobacterbaumanii (2.5%) and 1 Enterobacter spp. (2.5%). Looking at the underlying diseases, one of our patients had diabetes mellitus and another patient had chronic renal failure. Mean procalcitonin (PCT) and C reaktive protein (CRP) (cutoff value0.5 ng/mL) values were 2.53±1.2 ng/ml and 89.7±21.9 mg/dl, respectively. Median sodium (Na), potassium (K), AST, ALT, and creatinine values of the patients before and after fosfomycin IV treatment were calculated and there was no statistically significant difference.
Clinics combined with fosfomycin IV were as follows: 31 meropenem (44%), 15 colistin (26%), 18 tigecycline (26%), 3 vancomycin (4%), 3 amikacin (4%) and 1 daptomycin (1%).
Conclusions: According to the results of our study, it was seen that Fosfomycin is a safe and effective option in the treatment of multidrug-resistant infections. Accordingly, our results are compatible with the literature.
Application of Different Techniques in Facial Nerve Reconstruction on Experimental Models
Authors: Gardašević Milka , Živić Miloš , Djurdjević Dragan , Petković-Ćurčin Aleksandra 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The facial nerve is the main motor nerve that activates the mimic musculature of the face. Nerve tree injuries lead to paralysis of the same half of the face. In addition to functional damage in the form of difficulty in chewing, speaking and closing the eyes, paresis is the cause of pronounced emotional and social problems in patients.
The etiology of facial nerve damage is diverse, including trauma, neurological, infectious, metabolic, vascular, neoplastic processes, as well as idiopathic and iatrogenic. Of special importance to us are iatrogenic injuries of the transcranial part of the facial nerve, which most often occur as part of surgical interventions in the area of the parotid lodge, where the nerve itself branches into its final branches that innervate facial muscles. A high degree of iatrogenic damage over 40% requires the timely application of adequate techniques and materials for the purpose of neuroregeneration.
Considering the delicacy of the function of the facial nerve and the consequences of its damage, previous methods described in some studies, used in the regeneration process are based on the summarized results of experimental studies on different animal models. A prerequisite for the success of an experimental study is certainly the anatomical compatibility of experimental animals and humans.
Based on the analyzed research, in the last decade rats were used the most, which can be linked to acceptable maintenance costs. Nevertheless, rabbits represent an ideal experimental model due to their anatomical and functional similarities with humans, in which it is possible to successfully simulate paralysis of the facial nerve and monitor the recovery of mimic musculature using the method of movement visualization and electromyography.
Effects of Transport and Holding Stress on Prussian Carp (Carassius gibelio, Bloch, 1782.) Leukogram Pattern
Authors: Aksentijević Ksenija , Radalj Andrea , Marković Maja , Lazarević Miodrag , Palić Dušan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Stress inevitably occurs during any fish handling and manipulation in culturing, research, or clinical examination situations that require capture and removal of fish from water. Different stress factors can affect the changes in the relative numbers and function of cells of the fish immune system. Catching, transportation and over-crowding caused stress-induced changes in the total number of leukocytes and thrombocytes, as well as changes in the leukocyte formula in Prussian carp (Carassius gibelio, Bloch, 1782) presented here. Cytochemical characterization of leukocyte cell types was performed by applying Myeloperoxidase (MPO), Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS) and Sudan Black B (SBB) staining of Prussian carp blood smears. Cytochemical characterization is a rapid and efficient method for white leukocyte differentiation and insight in their functional status. Comparison and analysis in Prussian carp hematological parameters from fish with and without exposure to stressful conditions such as capture, manipulation, transport and holding, revealed significant differences between stressed and non-stressed fish. Significant reduction in the total number of thrombocytes and lymphocytes and the increase in total neutrophil count were observed in stressed animals. However, differences in total leukocyte number and the number of monocytes were not observed. Deviations from the estimated reference intervals for Prussian carp hematological parameters clearly indicated the presence/absence of a stress reaction and to some extent its intensity. Estimated reference intervals and characterization of morphological and cytochemical appearance of blood cells form a solid basis for further research of the cellular immune function and hematology changes in Prussian carp.
Maternal Subclinical and Clinical Hypothyroidism Effects on Rat Offspring: A Story of the Skin and its Derivatives
Authors: Lužajić Božinovski Tijana , Danilović Luković Jelena , Nikolić Anja , Radovanović Anita , Marković Danica , Kovačević Filipović Milica , Vasić Mirjana , Milošević Ivan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Epidermis stem cells have a crucial role through the processes of proliferation and differentiation, to replace cells that are constantly lost during tissue turnover or following injury. On the other hand, thyroid hormones regulate the proliferation and differentiation of epidermal cells and thus significantly influence the homeostasis of the skin. It is well known that maternal hypothyroidism during pregnancy leads to impaired development of many organ systems in their offspring. However, there is a lack of data about the influence of maternal subclinical hypothyroidism during pregnancy and lactation on the development of the skin and its derivatives in the litter. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of maternal thyroid dysfunction on the development of the skin and its derivatives in their offspring in the early postnatal period. Antithyroid substance 6-n-propyl-2-thiouracil was added into the drinking water to female Albino Oxfords rats from the beginning of pregnancy and during lactation, with the aim to induce subclinical and overt form of hypothyroidism. Skin samples were taken from male pups within twenty-four hours and seven days after birth. The main findings of this investigation were that both forms of maternal hypothyroidism lead to serious damage of the epidermis in pups in terms of pronounced hyperkeratosis and reduction of the germinal layer along with a reduced number of hair follicles and their delayed morphogenesis. Epidermal impairments were more pronounced in pups with the overt form of hypothyroidism while offspring with the subclinical form had impairments that were less pronounced and delayed in occurrence.
Tibia Growth and Development in Broiler Chicks Reared under Continuous Light and Melatonin Dietary Supplementation During the First Two Weeks of Life
Authors: Vitorović Duško , Božičković Ivana , Lukić Miloš , Relić Renata , Škrbić Zdenka , Petričević Veselin , Lazarević Macanović Mirjana , Krstić Nikola 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The first few weeks after broilers hatch are the period of most intense bone growth and development, and the time when they are most susceptible to the influence of various external and internal factors. Research in the recent decades has focused on the involvement of melatonin in bone development during early life in chickens. Melatonin release from the pineal gland has a circadian rhythm, with the highest levels circulating during the night and decreasing during the light phase of the day. Various types of lighting are used in intensive broiler production. In this study, the effects of melatonin on the tibial structure and growth of broilers were investigated. During the first two weeks of life, two groups of chickens were kept under continuous light and fed the same diet, with the experimental group receiving melatonin in the amount of 0.03 g/kg of feed. The results obtained showed that the addition of melatonin in the diet had positive effects on the development and growth of the tibia, which was expressed in a significantly greater thickness of the diaphysis and cortical bone of the diaphysis, higher breaking force and higher values of alkaline phosphatase activity. The cortical bone mineral density of the tibia did not differ significantly between the groups of chicken.
Hypertrophic Osteopathy Associated with Lung Adenocarcinoma in a Cat: An Overview
Authors: Janevski Aleksandar , Dimitrievski Boris , Murdzeva Emilija , Bozhinovski Dimitar , Nikolova Biljana , Mitrov Dine 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Hypertrophic osteopathy (HO) is a pathological condition characterized by progressive, bilateral and symmetrical periosteal bone hyperostosis. Hypertrophic osteopathy is considered a secondary disease that occurs as a consequence of many chronic processes, which are primarily localized in the thoracic cavity (intrathoracic lesions), and less as a result of changes in the abdominal cavity (extrathoracic lesions). We describe a case of a 3.5-year-old female unneutered short-haired cat with a history of chronic weight loss, decreased appetite, dyspnea, and wet cough. During the native X-ray examination of the thoracic cavity, a clearly limited homogeneous radiopaque shadow which covered the entire thoracic cavity was found, as well as periostitis of the front limbs, mainly on the humeri, radii and ulnae. After euthanizing the cat, a control X-ray examination and necropsy of the body was performed. The necropsy revealed a soft-tissue proliferation measuring 13 x 5 x 4 cm and weighing 228 g, and a pronounced ossified periostosis of the long bones, while the histopathological findings revealed adenocarcinoma of the lung with metastasis to the mediastinal lymph nodes. The outcome of hypertrophic osteopathy mostly depends on the primary cause. If the initial lesion had been identified and removed on time, the condition would have also receded spontaneously. The primary tool in determining hypertrophic osteopathy is X-ray diagnosis. Considering the determination of this condition is an indicator of ongoing severe disease, especially in the thoracic cavity, its early diagnosis would lead to prolongation of the animal's life.
Liquid Source Nitrogen as a More Sustainable Technology for oat Fertilization with Computational Simulation Resource
Authors: Henrichsen Luana , Da Silva José Antonio Gonzalez , Basso Natiane Carolina Ferrari , Da Rosa Juliana Aozane , Alessi Odenis , Carvalho Ivan Ricardo , Magano Deivid Araújo , Babeski Cristhian Milbradt 
Published: July 2023

Purpose: The objective of the study is to validate the technology of liquid nitrogen source by spraying of foliar absorption in comparison to the standard source urea of root absorption in the oat crop. Adapt the fuzzy logic model and training an artificial neural network to simulate oat productivity, under conditions of nitrogen use with the combined action of rainfall and thermal sum accumulated during the crop cycle.

Method/design/approach: The study was conducted in Augusto Pestana, RS, Brazil, in a randomized block design with four replications in a 2x4 factorial, for 2 nitrogen sources (liquid and solid) with 4 doses (0, 30, 60 and 120 kg ha-1), respectively. Solid (urea) and liquid (N-Top®) nitrogen sources were applied at the phenological stage of expanded oat fourth leaf.

Results and conclusion: The liquid source nitrogen technology presents results similar to the use of the standard urea source, confirming the possibility of using the nutrient by foliar absorption. The simulation of grain yield by fuzzy logic with the input variables nitrogen dose, thermal sum and precipitation is not adequate for the formulated rule base. The input variables used in the artificial neural network proved to be appropriate in the simulation of oat productivity, with consistent simulation results.

Originality/value: unprecedented research that seeks to validate the technology of foliar nitrogen absorption in real conditions of oat cultivation in guaranteeing productivity and less environmental damage. And the use of artificial intelligence as a resource to simulate grain productivity involving biological and environmental indicators in the main oat producing region of Brazil.