bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of combined therapies including nutrition and physical exercise in advanced cancer patients: A pooled analysis
Authors: Storck Lena J. , Uster Alexandra , Gafner Lucia , Ruehlin Maya , Gaeumann Sabine , Gisi David , Schmocker Martina , Meffert Peter J. , Imoberdorf Reinhard , Pless Miklos , Ballmer Peter E. 
Published: March 2023

Background and aimsAlthough many cancer patients suffer from malnutrition or cancer cachexia, there is no standard of care so far due to limited intervention trials. Pooled data from two combined trials were analyzed regarding nutritional status and survival time.Materials and methodsData from two trials with advanced cancer patients were included. In both trials, patients in the intervention group received at least three times nutritional counseling and supervised training sessions. Patients in the control group continued being treated according to usual care. Nutritional status was measured using BMI, body composition and handgrip strength. Survival time was analyzed using the Cox proportional hazard model with the period between the beginning of the trial and death as underlying time scale.Results68 men (61.8%) and 42 women (38.2%) were randomized either to the intervention (n = 56) or the control (n = 54) group. The inter-group difference for changes in BMI and body composition was not statistically significant after 3 months. Handgrip strength improved significantly from 34.4 ± 10.2 kg to 36.3 ± 9.9 kg at 3 months in the intervention compared to 33.9 ± 9.2 kg to 34.9 ± 9.1 kg in the control group (p = 0.006). The analysis of survival time showed no inter-group difference for all patients. A detailed analysis for different diagnoses showed that in patients with lung cancer, the covariates “CRP value,” “days from first diagnosis to randomization” as well as “gender” were significantly associated with survival time. Patients with higher CRP value had a shorter survival time and female patients had a shorter survival time than male patients in our analysis. In addition, patients with pancreatic cancer randomized to the control group had a 20% shorter survival time than those in the intervention group (p = 0.048).ConclusionThe pooled analysis showed a significant improvement of handgrip strength in advanced cancer patients through the implementation of a combined therapy. Handgrip strength is of prognostic significance in hospitalized patients due to its association with mortality and morbidity. However, no improvements in further tests were detected. There is great need for further investigations examining the effect of nutritional and exercise therapy on survival time with focus on different cancer diagnoses.
The effects of camelina sativa oil and high-intensity interval training on liver function and metabolic outcomes in male type 2 diabetic rats
Authors: Kavyani Zeynab , Dehghan Parvin , Khani Mostafa , Khalafi Mousa , Rosenkranz Sara K. 
Published: March 2023

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the independent and combined effects of camelina sativa oil and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on liver function, and metabolic outcomes in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.MethodsForty male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to five equal groups (8 per group): Normal control (NC), diabetic control (DC), diabetic + camelina sativa oil (300 mg/kg by oral gavage per day; D + CSO), diabetic + HIIT (running on a treadmill 5 days/week for 8 weeks; D + HIIT), diabetic + camelina sativa oil + HIIT (D + CSO +  HIIT).ResultsIn all three intervention groups (D + CSO, D + HIIT, and D + CSO + HIIT) compared to the DC, hepatic TNF-α, MDA, and histopathology markers, decreased and hepatic PGC-1α, and PPAR-γ increased (p &lt; 0.05). However, the effect of D + CSO was greater than D + HIIT alone. Hepatic TG decreased significantly in D + HIIT and D + CSO + HIIT compared to other groups (p &lt; 0.001). Fasting plasma glucose in all three intervention groups (D + CSO, D + HIIT, and D + CSO + HIIT) and HOMA-IR in D + CSO and D + CSO + HIIT were decreased compared to DC (p &lt; 0.001). Only hepatic TAC and fasting plasma insulin remained unaffected in the three diabetic groups (p &lt; 0.001). Overall, D + CSO + HIIT had the largest effect on all outcomes.ConclusionsAt the doses and treatment duration used in the current study, combination of CSO and HIIT was beneficial for reducing liver function and metabolic outcomes other than CSO and HIIT alone.
Effects of surgery on survival of elderly patients with gallbladder cancer: A propensity score matching analysis of the SEER database
Authors: Xu Xiaoming , Wang Jingzhi , Duan Qilong 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundSurgery is the sole curative therapy for gallbladder cancer (GBC) patients. Confronting an aging society, the demand to treat elderly patients with GBC is increasing. But there are few reports on survival benefit in elderly GBC patients treated with surgery. Therefore, we designed this population-based study to assess the survival benefit of surgery in GBC patients aged 70 years or older.MethodsGBC patients aged 70 years or older were identified in the surveillance, epidemiology, and end results cancer (SEER) database from 2010 to 2017. A 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM) analysis was conducted to balance the baseline data of patients. Overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) of patients were evaluated by Kaplan-Meier analysis and compared with log-rank test. Independent risk factors associated with OS and CSS were determined by univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analyses and subgroup analysis were performed.ResultsA total of 2055 GBC patients aged 70 years or older were included in our study, with 1734 patients underwent surgery. Before PSM, the age, AJCC stage, TNM stage, and chemotherapy were significantly different between the surgery and no-surgery group (all P&lt;0.05). Patients with surgery had significantly longer OS and CSS than those without surgery (P&lt;0.0001). After 1:1 PSM, the differences in clinicopathological characteristics were reduced (all P&gt;0.05). Kaplan-Meier analysis also showed patients received surgery had significantly better OS and CSS (P&lt;0.0001). Subgroup analysis further indicated that almost all subgroups received surgery had OS and CSS advantage, especially patients aged 70-84 years old. Finally, univariate and multivariate COX regression analyses showed that age, AJCC stage and T stage were independent prognostic factors for OS and CSS in patients undergoing surgery.ConclusionOur study found that surgery significantly improved OS and CSS in GBC patients aged 70-84 years, but more prospective studies are needed to prove our findings.
Laparoscopic or open liver resection for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: A meta-analysis and systematic review
Authors: Zhao Xin , Gao Feng-wei , Jiang Kang-yi , Yang Jie , Xie Qing-yun , Gong Jie , Yang Man-yu , Mao Tian-yang , Lei Ze-hua 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundAlthough laparoscopic hepatectomy has been widely used in the treatment of benign and malignant liver diseases, its applicability in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is controversial. We conducted a meta-analysis to compare the short-term and long-term outcomes of laparoscopic hepatectomy (Lap-ICC) and open hepatectomy (Open-ICC) in ICC patients.MethodsThe PubMed, Web of science, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and other databases were searched for the relevant literature. The research data were extracted according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria.ResultsSeventeen studies, including 3975 ICC patients, were selected for the meta-analysis. Compared to Open-ICC, Lap-ICC had lower rates of lymph node dissection (OR=0.44, P=0.01) and metastasis (OR=0.58, P=0.03), along with less intraoperative bleeding (MD=-128.43 ml, P&lt;0.01) lower blood transfusion rate (OR=0.43, P&lt;0.01), shorter hospital stay (MD=-2.75 day, P&lt;0.01), higher R0 resection rate (OR=1.60, P&lt;0.01), and lower tumor recurrence rate (OR=0.67, P=0.01). However, there was no difference between the two groups in terms of operation time, number of lymph node dissection, incision margin distance, overall complications rate, severe complications rate, and the 1-, 3- and 5-year DFS and OS rates.ConclusionLaparoscopic hepatectomy is partially superior to open hepatectomy in terms of less bleeding, shorter hospital stay and higher R0 resection rate, while the long-term efficacy of the two approaches is similar.
Evaluation of mitochondrial biogenesis and ROS generation in high-grade serous ovarian cancer
Authors: Koc Zeynep C. , Sollars Vincent E. , Bou Zgheib Nadim , Rankin Gary O. , Koc Emine C. 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionOvarian cancer is one of the leading causes of death for women with cancer worldwide. Energy requirements for tumor growth in epithelial high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) are fulfilled by a combination of aerobic glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Although reduced OXPHOS activity has emerged as one of the significant contributors to tumor aggressiveness and chemoresistance, up-regulation of mitochondrial antioxidant capacity is required for matrix detachment and colonization into the peritoneal cavity to form malignant ascites in HGSOC patients. However, limited information is available about the mitochondrial biogenesis regulating OXPHOS capacity and generation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) in HGSOC.MethodsTo evaluate the modulation of OXPHOS in HGSOC tumor samples and ovarian cancer cell lines, we performed proteomic analyses of proteins involved in mitochondrial energy metabolism and biogenesis and formation of mtROS by immunoblotting and flow cytometry, respectively.Results and discussionWe determined that the increased steady-state expression levels of mitochondrial- and nuclear-encoded OXPHOS subunits were associated with increased mitochondrial biogenesis in HGSOC tumors and ovarian cancer cell lines. The more prominent increase in MT-COII expression was in agreement with significant increase in mitochondrial translation factors, TUFM and DARS2. On the other hand, the ovarian cancer cell lines with reduced OXPHOS subunit expression and mitochondrial translation generated the highest levels of mtROS and significantly reduced SOD2 expression. Evaluation of mitochondrial biogenesis suggested that therapies directed against mitochondrial targets, such as those involved in transcription and translation machineries, should be considered in addition to the conventional chemotherapies in HGSOC treatment.
ED visits, hospital admissions and treatment breaks in head/neck cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy
Authors: Patel Shareen , Rich Benjamin J. , Schumacher Leif-Erik D. , Sargi Zoukaa B. , Masforroll Melissa , Washington Cyrus , Kwon Deukwoo , Rueda-Lara Maria A. , Freedman Laura M. , Samuels Stuart E. , Abramowitz Matthew C. , Samuels Michael A. , Carmona Ruben , Azzam Gregory A. 
Published: March 2023

ObjectivesRadiation therapy (RT) is an integral part of treatment of head/neck cancer (HNC) but is associated with many toxicities. We sought to evaluate sociodemographic, pathologic, and clinical factors associated with emergency department (ED) visits, hospital admissions (HA), and RT breaks in HNC patients undergoing curative-intent RT.MethodsWe completed a Level 3 (Oxford criteria for evidence-based medicine) analysis of a cohort of HNC patients who underwent curative-intent RT at our institution from 2013 to 2017. We collected demographic characteristics and retrospectively assessed for heavy opioid use, ED visits or HA during RT as well as RT breaks. Treatment breaks were defined as total days to RT fractions ratio ≥1.6. Multivariable stepwise logistic regression analyses were done to determine the association of various sociodemographic, pathologic, and clinical characteristics with ED visits, HA and RT treatment breaks.ResultsThe cohort included 376 HNC patients (294 male, 82 female, median age 61). On multivariable analysis, significant factors associated with ED visits during RT were heavy opioid use and black race. Receipt of concomitant chemotherapy was the only factor associated with hospital admissions during RT. Advanced age, lower socioeconomic class, glandular site, and receipt of chemotherapy were all independently associated with RT breaks. Lower cancer stage and lack of substance abuse history were independently associated with lack of treatment breaks.ConclusionHNC patients with factors such as heavy opioid use, Black race, receipt of concomitant chemotherapy, and lower socioeconomic class may require closer monitoring during RT.
Infantile-onset inflammatory bowel disease has variable long-term outcomes
Authors: Krauthammer Alex , Weintraub Ilana , Shaoul Ron , Lev-Tzion Raffi , Broide Efrat , Wilschanski Michael , Lerner Aaron , Yerushalmi Baruch , Shouval Dror S. , Shamaly Hussein , Haberman-Ziv Yael , Weiss Batia 
Published: March 2023

Objective and aimInfantile-onset inflammatory bowel disease (IO-IBD), defined as IBD diagnosed at age 2 years or younger, tends to be more severe and refractory to conventional treatment than IBD diagnosed at a later age. However, data about IO-IBD and its long-term follow up are limited. We thus aimed to evaluate the presentation and long-term outcomes of patients with IO-IBD in a retrospective multicenter study.MethodsMedical records of patients diagnosed with IO-IBD in eight medical centers during 2000–2017 with at least 1-year follow up were reviewed. Demographics and disease characteristics at diagnosis including age of onset, disease phenotype and location, surgeries, medical therapy, and comorbid conditions were recorded.ResultsTwenty-three patients with IO-IBD (16 males, 70%) were identified and followed for a median (range) of 51.2 (26.0–110.3) months. The mean ages at presentation and at the last follow up were 14 ± 9.8 and 101 ± 77 months, respectively. Six (26%) patients needed ileostomy already at the time of diagnosis and 20 (87%) were treated with corticosteroids. During long-term follow up, remission was achieved in 16 (73%) patients; of whom, 3 (14%) were without medications and 7 (32%) were in remission with the use of 5-aminosalicylic acid only. One patient needed hemicolectomy and one developed a severe EBV related infection.ConclusionThe majority of patients with IO-IBD achieved long-term remission, despite a severe disease presentation at diagnosis. Surgery rate however is high, mainly during the first months from diagnosis.
Barriers to vaccination in immunocompromised children: A needs assessment in children with childhood-onset SLE and inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Lloyd Audrey R. , Ardura Monica I. , Wise Kelly , Chavarin Daniel J. , Boyle Brendan , Sivaraman Vidya 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundVaccination of immunocompromised children (ICC) remains suboptimal.MethodsNeeds assessment surveys were administered to patients and caregivers during routine ambulatory visits to the rheumatology and gastroenterology clinics at Nationwide Children's Hospital (NCH) from January 1 through August 31, 2018, and to community primary care physicians (PCPs) at their monthly meeting and electronically.ResultsCompleted surveys were received for 57 patients (31 with childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (c-SLE) and 26 with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)) and 30 PCPs. Of the patient cohort, 93% (n = 53) felt their PCP was well informed about vaccines and 84% (n = 47) received vaccinations from either their PCP or local health department. Two patient surveys noted concerns of vaccine safety. Among the 30 responses completed by PCPs 50% (n = 15) preferred to provide all vaccines themselves, however, only 40% (n = 12) of PCPs felt “very confident” when providing vaccines to ICC. Further, 83% (n = 25) did not stock the 23-valent pneumococcal vaccine and only 27% (n = 8) routinely recommended vaccination of household contacts.ConclusionsOur study found a discordance between parent and PCP comfort in vaccinating ICC, highlighting an important barrier to vaccination in this patient population. In our cohort of patients, vaccine hesitancy was not a barrier to vaccination.
Inhibitory effect and related mechanism of decitabine combined with gemcitabine on proliferation of NK/T cell lymphoma cells
Authors: Lin Lanke , Liu Xiangqin , Yu Hui , Deng Huan , Peng Kun , Chen Jiang , Zhang Chunle , Jiang Tao , Liu Xiaoqi 
Published: March 2023

Background: EBV-associated lymphoma is a neoplasm with a poor prognosis, highly aggressive, and progressive rapidly. There is no standard clinical treatment protocol. Decitabine and gemcitabine are known to have anticancer properties against cells of various cancer, respectively. However, the effect of the combination medication on NK/T cell lymphoma cells and potential mechanisms have not been thoroughly investigated.Methods: Human NK/T cell lymphoma cells NK92MI were treated with decitabine and gemcitabine alone or in combination. Experiments, including the Cell Counting Kit-8 and flow cytometry, were performed to investigate how the combination of decitabine and gemcitabine affects the biological behavior of NK92MI cells in vitro. mRNA sequencing, RT-PCR, and western blotting were used to detect changes in the related signal pathway, mRNA, and protein expressions.Results: Decitabine and gemcitabine significantly inhibited the viability and proliferation of NK92MI cells in a dose-dependent manner. The combination index was less than 1 after treating with two drugs, which was a significant synergistic effect. The decitabine concentration with the best synergistic effect was 4.046 µM, and the gemcitabine concentration was 0.005 µM. Flow cytometry showed that combining two drugs could significantly promote apoptosis and arrest the cell cycle at the S phase. In the combined DAC and GEM group, caspase3 protein levels were higher than in either group alone or the control group. The transcriptome sequence, KEGG, and PPI analysis showed that the differential genes after combined treatment were mainly enriched in signal pathways related to cell proliferation, adhesion, and migration compared with using alone and control groups. Based on the sequencing results, we further investigated the role of DAC and GEM in ferroptosis-related signaling molecules using RT-PCR and Western blot techniques. RT-PCR and western blotting showed that the expression levels of HMOX1 and EBV cleavage gene BRLF1 were higher in the group with combined DAC and GEM than in the group alone and the control group, while the protein and mRNA expression levels of SLC7A11 were lower than the others. In addition, the GPX4 protein expression level in the combination group was lower than in the drug-alone and control groups. In addition, the combination treatment increased the ROS level of NK92MI cells.Conclusion: Our current findings suggested that decitabine had an inhibitory effect on the proliferation of NK92MI cells when co-treated with gemcitabine. This combination may increase the expression of ferroptosis-related signaling molecules, thus inhibiting the proliferation of NK92MI cells. It also promoted apoptosis in NK/T cell lymphoma. For patients with NK/T cell lymphoma, this novel combination may provide clinical benefits.
Association of cyclophilins and cardiovascular risk factors in coronary artery disease
Authors: Gegunde Sandra , Alfonso Amparo , Alvariño Rebeca , Pérez-Fuentes Nadia , Bayón-Lorenzo Jeremías , Alonso Eva , Ocaranza-Sánchez Raymundo , Abellás-Sequeiros Rosa Alba , Santás-Álvarez Melisa , Vieytes Mercedes R. , Juanatey-González Carlos , Botana Luis M. 
Published: March 2023

Cyclophilins are chaperone proteins that play important roles in signal transduction. Among them, cyclophilins A, B, C, and D were widely associated with inflammation and cardiovascular diseases. Cyclophilins A and C have been proposed as coronary artery disease biomarkers. However, less is known about their relationship with cardiovascular risk factors. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the association between cyclophilin A, B, C, and D and cardiovascular risk factors in coronary artery disease. Serum levels of cyclophilins were measured in 167 subjects (subdivided according to cardiovascular risk factors presence). This study reveals that cyclophilin A and C are elevated in patients regardless of the risk factors presence. Moreover, cyclophilin B is elevated in male patients with hypertension, type 2 diabetes, or high glucose levels. In addition, cyclophilins A, B, and C were significantly correlated with cardiovascular risk factors, but only cyclophilin B was associated with type 2 diabetes. The multivariate analysis strengthens the predictive value for coronary artery disease presence of cyclophilin A (&gt;8.2 ng/mL) and cyclophilin C (&gt;17.5 pg/mL) along with the cardiovascular risk factors tobacco, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and high glucose and cholesterol levels. Moreover, the risk of coronary artery disease is increased in presence of cyclophilin B levels above 63.26 pg/mL and with hypertension or dyslipidemia in male patients. Consequently, cyclophilins A and C serum levels are reinforced as useful coronary artery disease biomarkers, meanwhile, cyclophilin B is a valuable biomarker in the male population when patients are also suffering from hypertension or dyslipidemia.
Electrostimulation improves plant growth and modulates the flavonoid profile in aeroponic culture of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi
Authors: Grzelka Kajetan , Matkowski Adam , Ślusarczyk Sylwester 
Published: March 2023

Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi is a valuable medicinal plant of the Lamiaceae family. The roots, Scutellariae baicalensis radix, are valued in the traditional medicine of East Asia and are also listed in several pharmacopeias, such as the Chinese and European versions. The roots contain a high amount of flavones, such as baicalein, wogonin and their glucuronides, baicalin and wogonoside, respectively, with rare structures of unsubstituted B-ring. These major constituents are responsible for its pharmacological activity, mainly anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and antitumor, as well as BDZ-receptor modulating. There is a fast-growing demand for both the crude drug and the individual flavonoids obtained from it.However, the variability of content and composition of flavonoids in the roots is significant and affects pharmaceutical use, and little is known about the influence of various factors on root quality. In our experiments, we use aeroponics to determine the effect of electroporation as an abiotic stressor on plant growth, development, and root mass, as well as on its metabolic profile.ResultsElectroporation significantly impacted plant growth and the content of flavonoids, especially baicalein and wogonin, depending on the treatment parameters. Concentrations of aglycones were increased in at least half of the treatment conditions. The greatest amounts (a 2.5-fold increase compared to controls) were recorded after applying an electrical field characterized by the following parameters: E = 3 kV/cm, t = 100 μs, and N = 10. In conclusion, electrostimulation is an innovative and efficient way to increase plant growth and yield in an aeroponic system, as well as modulate the profile and content of bioactive flavones in the roots. However, the fine-tuning of these parameters, such as the electrical field strength (E), length (t), and number (N) of impulses delivered, is of great importance. It was also shown that cultivation of the experimental plants in aeroponics had a positive impact on their survival and development while being a sustainable and efficient horticultural practice.