bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlates of poor oral health related quality of life in a cohort of people who use methamphetamine in Australia
Authors: Abdelsalam Shady , Livingston Michael , Quinn Brendan , Agius Paul A , Ward Bernadette , Jamieson Lisa , Dietze Paul 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objectives
Methamphetamine use impacts oral health, but little is known about its impacts on oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL). In this study we examined OHRQoL in a cohort of people who use methamphetamine and assessed associations with sociodemographic, behavioural, psychosocial and dental service utilisation correlates. A secondary aim was to examine the relationship between methamphetamine route of administration and OHRQoL, to test whether smoking the drug is associated with reduced OHRQoL.

Methods
Cross-sectional analysis was performed, using data from VMAX, a cohort of people who use methamphetamine at least monthly in Victoria, Australia (n = 194). Utilising the oral health impact profile (OHIP-14), we assessed three OHRQoL outcomes: OHIP-14 prevalence, OHIP-14 extent and OHIP-14 severity. Regression analyses examined associations between independent variables and the three OHIP-14 outcome measures.

Results
A significant segment of the cohort (35%) reported poor OHRQoL. Overall, no statistically significant association was detected between methamphetamine route of administration and the three OHIP-14 outcomes. Participants living in rural areas, with moderate-to-severe self-reported depression and with methamphetamine dependence had significantly worse OHRQoL levels, which persisted after adjusting for other covariates.

Conclusion
Overall, VMAX cohort participants reported reduced OHRQoL levels. Our findings highlight the need for upstream interventions to improve the OHRQoL of people who use methamphetamine, with specific focus on those living in rural locations. Further research on the links between OHRQoL and mental health among people who use methamphetamine is required.
Asynchronous e-learning with technology-enabled and enhanced training for continuing education of nurses: a scoping review
Authors: Kimura Rika , Matsunaga Mayumi , Barroga Edward , Hayashi Naoko 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Asynchronous e-learning has become the mainstream choice since the transformation of learning formats by the coronavirus disease-19 pandemic. This scoping review aimed to examine the technologies used in asynchronous e-learning for the continuing education of clinical nurses and their modes of delivery and effectiveness.

Methods
This scoping review covered the period between 2011 and 2023. Six databases were searched for relevant studies following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) protocol.

Results
Sixty articles met the inclusion criteria. There was a noticeable trend toward using diverse technology-enabled and enhanced training (TEET) options after 2017. The enabling technological approaches, such as interactive online modules (25 articles) and video modules (25 articles), are described in the articles. The most commonly used enhancing technologies were scenario-based learning (nine articles), resource access (eight articles), computer simulation or virtual reality (three articles), and gamification (three articles). Among the outcomes, knowledge acquisition was the most commonly examined outcome (41 articles).

Conclusions
Notably, many interactive TEET modules were used in asynchronous e-learning. There were few studies on gamification, computer simulation or virtual reality, and scenario-based learning (techniques to enhance intrinsic motivation further). However, the adoption of asynchronous e-learning with advanced TEET options is anticipated to increase in the future. Therefore, objective outcome measures are required to determine the effects of such learning methods on knowledge acquisition and behavioral changes.
Inhibition of GSK3β activity alleviates acute liver failure via suppressing multiple programmed cell death
Authors: Zhang Danmei , Shi Chunxia , Zhang Qingqi , Wang Yukun , Guo Jin , Gong Zuojiong 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Acute liver failure (ALF) is one of the most common life-threatening diseases in adults without previous liver disease. Glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) is a serine/threonine protein kinase that is widely distributed in the cells. Inhibition of its activity can inhibit cell death and promote autophagy through various pathways, thus providing a protective effect. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect on ALF after inhibition of GSK3β and its potential mechanisms.

Methods
D- galactosamine(D-Gal) in combination with lipopolysaccharide(LPS) was used to induce ALF in vitro and in vivo. And then GSK3β inhibitor TDZD-8 was used to explore the protective effect against ALF. After TDZD-8 treatment TUNEL staining and flow techniques were used to detect the proportion of apoptosis in liver tissues and cells respectively, while western blotting and immunofluorescence assays were performed to detect the expression levels of apoptosis, pyroptosis and necroptosis-related proteins in tissues and cells. In addition, western blotting was performed to explore the specific mechanism of hepatoprotective effect after GSK3β inhibition to detect the expression levels of TAK1, TRAF6 and HDAC3 after TRAF6 and HDAC3 inhibition alone. The co-localization of TRAF6 and HDAC3 in vitro was detected by immunofluorescence, while the interaction between TRAF6 and HDAC3 was detected by immunoprecipitation assay.

Results
Both in vivo and in vitro experiments, GSK3β inhibitor TDZD-8 can significantly alleviate the progression of ALF. Inhibition of GSK3β activity could significantly reduce the level of hepatocyte apoptosis, pyroptosis, necroptosis and improve liver dysfunction and tissue damage. Furthermore, we found that hepatocyte TAK1 and TRAF6 levels decreased and HDAC3 levels increased in ALF, whereas inhibition of GSK3β upregulated TAK1 and TRAF6 levels and decreased HDAC3 expression.

Conclusion
GSK3β inhibitor TDZD-8 can prevent the progression of ALF, and its action may involve the TRAF6/HDAC3/TAK1 pathway.
Surgical outcomes of anterior lumbar interbody fusion in revision lumbar interbody fusion surgery
Authors: Shih Cheng-Min , Hsu Cheng-En , Chen Kun-Hui , Pan Chien-Chou , Lee Cheng-Hung 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Backgrounds
Anterior lumbar interbody fusion (ALIF) is an attractive option for revision lumbar interbody fusion as it provides wide access for implant removal and accommodation of large interbody grafts for fusion. However, revision lumbar interbody fusion surgery has not been found to result in significantly better functional outcomes compared with other approaches. To date, no prognostic factors of anterior lumbar interbody fusion in revision lumbar interbody fusion have been reported. In this study, we investigated the surgical results and possible prognostic factors of anterior lumbar interbody fusion in revision lumbar interbody fusion.

Methods
Patients who received revision interbody fusion surgery between January 2010 and May 2018 in our hospital were reviewed. Clinical outcomes were determined according to whether the VAS score improvement in back pain and leg pain reached the minimum clinically important difference (MCID) and Macnab criteria. Radiographic outcomes were assessed with fusion rate, preoperative, and postoperative lumbar lordosis. Operative-relative factors that may affect clinical outcomes, such as BMI, existence of cage migration, cage subsidence, pseudarthrosis, previous procedure, and number of fusion segments, were collected and analyzed.

Results
A total of 22 consecutive patients who received ALIF for revision interbody fusion surgery were included and analyzed. There were 9 men and 13 women with a mean age at operation of 56 years (26–78). The mean follow-up was 73 months (20–121). The minimal clinically important difference (MCID) was reached in 11 (50%) of the patients for back pain and 14 (64%) for leg pain. According to the modified Macnab criteria, 73% of the patients in this study had successful outcomes (excellent or good). The pain and lumbar lordosis had significant improvement (P < 0.05). Preoperative fusion segment ≥ 2 was shown to be a poor prognostic factor for back pain improvement reaching MCID (P = 0.043).

Conclusions
ALIF has proven effective for revision lumbar fusion surgery, yielding positive clinical and radiographic results. However, having two or more preoperative fusion segments can negatively impact back pain improvement.
Level of evidence: IV.
The association between vaccine hesitancy and pertussis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Yuning , Shi Naiyang , Wang Qiang , Yang Liuqing , Cui Tingting , Jin Hui 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Robust routine immunization schedules for pertussis-containing vaccines have been applied for years, but pertussis outbreaks remain a worldwide problem. This study aimed to investigate the association between vaccine hesitancy and pertussis in infants and children.

Methods
We searched PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science, Embase, and China National Knowledge Internet for studies published between January 2012 and June 2022. This study included case–control and cohort studies that assessed the association between childhood/maternal vaccine hesitancy and odds ratios (ORs), risk ratios (RRs), and vaccine effectiveness (VE) related to pertussis in infants and children $$\le$$
≤
9 years old. ORs/VEs with a 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated. Random-effects meta-analysis models were used for appropriate pooled estimates, and heterogeneity was assessed using $${I}^{2}$$

I

2

. Cumulative meta-analysis and subgroup analyses stratified by study characteristics were performed.

Results
Twenty-two studies were included, with a mean quality score of 7.0 (range 6.0–9.0). Infants and children with pertussis were associated with higher vaccine hesitancy to all doses (OR = 4.12 [95% CI: 3.09–5.50]). The highest OR was between children who were unvaccinated over four doses and children who were fully vaccinated (OR = 14.26 [95%CI: 7.62–26.70]); childhood vaccine delay was not statistically significantly associated with pertussis risk (OR = 1.18 [95% CI: 0.74–1.89]). Maternal vaccine hesitancy was associated with significantly higher pertussis risk in infants aged 2 and 3 months old, with higher pertussis ORs in infants $$\le$$
≤
2 months old (OR = 6.02 [95%CI: 4.31–8.50], OR = 5.14 [95%CI: 1.95–13.52] for infants $$\le$$
≤
2 and $$\le$$
≤
3 months old, respectively). Maternal and childhood VEs were high in reducing pertussis infection in infants and children. The administration time of maternal vaccination had little effect on VE.

Conclusion
Vaccine hesitancy increased pertussis risks in infants and children. Ensuring that children receive up-to-date pertussis vaccines is essential; short delays in receiving childhood vaccinations may be unimportant. Maternal vaccinations for pertussis should be encouraged.
Coronary artery calcification and aortic valve calcification in patients with kidney failure: a sex-disaggregated study
Authors: Ward Liam J. , Laucyte-Cibulskiene Agne , Hernandez Leah , Ripsweden Jonaz ,   GOING-FWD Collaborators, Pilote Louise , Norris Colleen M. , Raparelli Valeria , Kautzky-Willer Alexandra , Herrero Maria Trinidad , Stenvinkel Peter , Kublickiene Karolina 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is linked to an increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) burden. Albeit underappreciated, sex differences are evident in CKD with females being more prone to CKD development, but males progressing more rapidly to kidney failure (KF). Cardiovascular remodelling is a hallmark of CKD with increased arterial and valvular calcification contributing to CKD. However, little is known regarding sex differences in calcific cardiovascular remodelling in KF patients. Thus, we hypothesise that sex differences are present in coronary artery calcification (CAC) and aortic valve calcification (AVC) in patients with KF.

Methods
KF patients, males (n = 214) and females (n = 107), that had undergone computer tomography (CT) assessment for CAC and AVC were selected from three CKD cohorts. All patients underwent non-contrast multi-detector cardiac CT scanning, with CAC and AVC scoring based on the Agatston method. Baseline biochemical measurements were retrieved from cohort databases, including plasma analyses for inflammation markers (IL-6, TNF, hsCRP) and oxidative stress by skin autofluorescence measuring advanced glycation end-products (AGE), amongst other variables.

Results
Sex-disaggregated analyses revealed that CAC score was associated with age in both males and females (both p < 0.001). Age-adjusted analyses revealed that in males CAC was associated with diabetes mellitus (DM) (p = 0.018) and CVD (p = 0.011). Additionally, for females CAC associated with IL-6 (p = 0.005) and TNF (p = 0.004). In both females and males CAC associated with AGE (p = 0.042 and p = 0.05, respectively). CAC was associated with mortality for females (p = 0.015) independent of age. AVC in females was not reviewed due to low AVC-positive samples (n = 14). In males, in multivariable regression AVC was associated with age (p < 0.001) and inflammation, as measured by IL-6 (p = 0.010).

Conclusions
In female KF patients inflammatory burden and oxidative stress were associated with CAC. Whereas in male KF patients oxidative stress and inflammation were associated with CAC and AVC, respectively. Our findings suggest a sex-specific biomarker signature for cardiovascular calcification that may affect the development of cardiovascular complications in males and females with KF.
New-onset and relapsed Graves’ disease following COVID-19 vaccination: a comprehensive review of reported cases
Authors: Chen Kan , Gao Yiyang , Li Jing 
Published: July 2023

AbstractGlobal Coronavir us disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination efforts are being intensified to combat the pandemic. As the frequency of immunization against COVID-19 has increased, some adverse effects related to vaccination have emerged. Within this context, this article reviewed 62 Graves’ disease (GD) cases following COVID-19 vaccination, to probe the potential association between the vaccination and the onset of GD. A comprehensive search of the PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases was conducted to collect GD cases following COVID-19 vaccination up to June 7, 2023. Among the 62 GD cases included in this review, there were 33 (53.2%) new-onset GD and 10 (16.1%) relapsed GD patients following mRNA vaccination, 14 (22.6%) new-onset GD and 4 (6.5%) relapsed GD patients following viral vector vaccination, and 1 (1.6%) relapsed GD patients following inactivated vaccination. Median durations to symptoms onset for new-onset and relapsed GD were 12 (range: 1–60) and 21 (range: 5–30) days following mRNA vaccination, while 7 (range: 1–28) and 14 (range: 10–14) days following viral vector vaccination, respectively. While the definitive pathogenesis of GD following COVID-19 vaccination remains unclear, it might be associated with cross-immune responses triggered by molecular mimicry, and an adjuvant-induced autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome. However, due to the limited number of observed GD cases following COVID-19 vaccination and the lack of systematic experimental studies, a causal relationship between COVID-19 vaccination and the onset of GD has not been definitively confirmed. It should be highlighted that most of GD patients following COVID-19 vaccination experienced positive outcomes after treatment. In the broader context of ending the COVID-19 pandemic and reducing mortality rates, the benefits of COVID-19 vaccination significantly outweigh mild risks such as treatable GD. Adherence to the COVID-19 vaccination schedule is therefore imperative in effectively managing the pandemic.
Anesthetic management of a pediatric patient with Freeman-Sheldon syndrome undergoing atrial septal defect closure: a case report
Authors: Takahashi Kyosuke , Sakurai Kotaro , Hamaya Izumi 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Freeman-Sheldon syndrome (FSS) is a rare disorder characterized by specific deformities of the extremities and face. There have been no reports of open-heart surgery in pediatric patients with FSS.

Case presentation
We present the case of an 8-year-old girl with FSS who underwent atrial septal defect closure. Tracheal intubation was uncomplicated, although the patient had microstomia. Inhalational anesthetics and dopamine antagonists were avoided intraoperatively and perioperatively. We chose dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant for postoperative pain management contributing to adequate analgesia and early extubation without causing respiratory depression.

Conclusions
Anesthetic management of FSS requires consideration for airway management and prevention of malignant hyperthermia and respiratory complications. We successfully managed the case avoiding the use of malignant hyperthermia-triggering drugs.
The combined association of dietary inflammatory index and resting metabolic rate on cardiorespiratory fitness in adults
Authors: Shahinfar Hossein , Payandeh Nastaran , Torabynasab Kimia , Shahavandi Mahshid , Mohammadpour Saba , Babaei Nadia , Ebaditabar Mojdeh , Djafarian Kurosh , Shab-Bidar Sakineh 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
No study has examined the combined association of dietary inflammatory index (DII) of the diet and resting metabolic rate (RMR) on cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF). Therefore, we investigated the combined association between DII and RMR on CRF.

Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted on 270 adult subjects. The DII was calculated using a validated semi-quantified food frequency questionnaire. RMR was measured using an indirect calorimetric method. Socioeconomic status, anthropometric measures, body composition and blood pressure were documented by a trained interviewer. CRF was assessed by using Bruce protocol. Binary logistic regression was performed to find the association of CRF with DII/RMR categories in various models.

Results
The participants categorized into four groups including: (1) low DII/high RMR, (2) low DII/low RMR, (3) high DII/low RMR, (4) high DII/high RMR. The mean of VO2Max (mL/kg/min), VO2max (L/min) and VO2max relative to lean body mass (LBM) was lower in participants that were classified as high DII/low RMR compared to those in low DII/high RMR. After controlling for age, sex, education status, smoking status, and physical activity those who were in the high DII/low RMR group, compared to the low DII/high RMR group were 28% less likely to have higher VO2max (ml/kg/min) (OR 0.72; 95% CI 0.18, 0.82, p = 0.04). Moreover, had 25% lower odds of VO2max (L/min) which was significant (OR 0.75, 95% CI 0.11, 0.89, p = 0.03). In addition, were 21% less likely to have higher VO2max (LBM) (OR 0.79; 95% CI 0.30, 0.92, p = 0.02).

Conclusions
Overall, consumption of a pro-inflammatory diet in combination with low RMR status is associated with lower odds of CRF compared to those who had anti-inflammatory diet in combination with high RMR status among Iranian healthy adults. This study suggests that researchers should focus on combined relationships rather than single pair-wise associations for having a better judgment.
The role of focus back effort in the relationships among motivation, interest, and mind wandering: an individual difference perspective
Authors: He Hong , Chen Yunyun , Li Ting , Li Hui , Zhang Xuemin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractConsiderable research suggests a link between mind wandering and diminished levels of motivation and interest. During episodes of mind wandering, individuals may engage in efforts to redirect their attention back to the task at hand (known as focus back effort). Building on the resource-control hypothesis, we hypothesized that the influence of interest and motivation on mind wandering may be mediated by focus back effort. In Study 1, we employed a latent-variable approach to investigate these relationships across three tasks with varying cognitive demands. The results showed that individual differences in interest indirectly influenced mind wandering through the mediating factors of motivation and focus back effort. Furthermore, individual differences in interest indirectly predicted task performance through the mediating factors of motivation, focus back effort, and mind wandering during the high-load task. In Study 2, we replicated the relationships among these factors in a reading comprehension task. The results consistently support the role of focus back effort as an adaptive mechanism for executive control, enabling the allocation of cognitive resources to both mind wandering and task performance. These findings underscore the significance of focus back effort in elucidating the interplay between mind wandering, motivation, interest, and task performance. Importantly, our results align with the resource-control theory.
Clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with recurrent status epilepticus episodes
Authors: Bauer Kristina , Rosenow Felix , Knake Susanne , Willems Laurent M. , Kämppi Leena , Strzelczyk Adam 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundMultiple studies have focused on medical and pharmacological treatments and outcome predictors of patients with status epilepticus (SE). However, a sufficient understanding of recurrent episodes of SE is lacking. Therefore, we reviewed recurrent SE episodes to investigate their clinical characteristics and outcomes in patients with relapses.MethodsIn this retrospective, multicenter study, we reviewed recurrent SE patient data covering 2011 to 2017 from the university hospitals of Frankfurt and Marburg, Germany. Clinical characteristics and outcome variables were compared among the first and subsequent SE episodes using a standardized form for data collection.ResultsWe identified 120 recurrent SE episodes in 80 patients (10.2% of all 1177 episodes). The mean age at the first SE episode was 62.2 years (median 66.5; SD 19.3; range 21–91), and 42 of these patients were male (52.5%). A mean of 262.4 days passed between the first and the second episode. Tonic–clonic seizure semiology and a cerebrovascular disease etiology were predominant in initial and recurrent episodes. After subsequent episodes, patients showed increased disability as indicated by the modified Rankin Scale (mRS), and 9 out of 80 patients died during the second episode (11.3%). Increases in refractory and super-refractory SE (RSE and SRSE, respectively) were noted during the second episode, and the occurrence of a non-refractory SE (NRSE) during the first SE episode did not necessarily provide a protective marker for subsequent non-refractory episodes. An increase in the use of intravenous-available anti-seizure medication (ASM) was observed in the treatment of SE patients. Patients were discharged from hospital with a mean of 2.8 ± 1.0 ASMs after the second SE episode and 2.1 ± 1.2 ASMs after the first episode. Levetiracetam was the most common ASM used before admission and on discharge for SE patients.ConclusionsThis retrospective, multicenter study used the mRS to demonstrate worsened outcomes of patients at consecutive SE episodes. ASM accumulations after subsequent SE episodes were registered over the study period. The study results underline the necessity for improved clinical follow-ups and outpatient care to reduce the health care burden from recurrent SE episodes.