bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Levelling Up the UK: If not the Conservatives, will Labour Learn the Lessons from Past Policy Failings?
Authors: Diamond Patrick , Richards David , Sanders Anna , Westwood Andy 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis article considers the levelling‐up agenda in the UK, examining the Johnson government's original proposals to tackle regional and local inequality and its continuation under new Prime Minister Rishi Sunak following the short‐lived premiership of Liz Truss. The 2022 Levelling Up in the United Kingdom White Paper is notable for the frank and wholesale critique it provides of previous governments’—both Tory and Labour—efforts to address the pressing issue of geographic inequality. The assessment was that a pattern of ad hoc and incoherent reforms needed to be replaced by a stable, long term and system‐wide approach to change. Yet, under Johnson, Truss and now Sunak, policy churn is continuing, with an approach that falls short in following the lessons set out in the White Paper. We provide a detailed analysis of the government's critique of past reforms, the lessons it has set out and why its reform programme is likely to repeat past failings. Crucially, the approach leaves the structure of central government almost untouched, with substantive reforms instead focussed at the local governance level. We argue the government's programme perpetuates the ‘power‐hoarding’ tendencies of the Westminster model, a key bulwark against meaningfully addressing the UK's spatial inequality problem. We conclude that the levelling‐up agenda, missions and targets are unlikely to be met under Rishi Sunak, reflecting the endemic nature of short‐termism and centralisation of power in the UK's public policy approach. We then consider the approach of Starmer's Labour Party to levelling up and the issues it needs to confront if it forms the next government.
Superheated steam processing of cereals and cereal products: A review
Authors: Liu Yuanxiao , Li Mengmeng , Jiang Di , Guan Erqi , Bian Ke , Zhang Yingquan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe concept of superheated steam (SS) was proposed over a century ago and has been widely studied as a drying method. SS processing of cereals and cereal products has been extensively studied in recent years for its advantages of higher drying rates above the inversion temperature, oxygen‐free environment, energy conservation, and environmental protection. This review provides a brief introduction to the history, principles, and classification of SS. The applications of SS processing in the drying, enzymatic inactivation, sterilization, mycotoxin degradation, roasting, and cooking of cereals and cereal products are summarized and discussed. Moreover, the effects of SS processing on the physicochemical properties of cereals and the qualities of cereal foods are reviewed and discussed. The applications of SS for cereal processing and its effects on cereal properties have been extensively studied; however, issues such as the browning of cereal foods, thermal damage of starch, protein denaturation, and nutrition loss have not been comprehensively studied. Therefore, further studies are required to better understand the mechanism of the quality changes caused by SS processing and to expand the fields of application of SS in the cereal processing industry. This review enhances the understanding of SS processing and presents theoretical suggestions for promoting SS processing to improve the safety and quality of cereals and cereal products.
α‐Dicarbonyl compounds in food products: Comprehensively understanding their occurrence, analysis, and control
Authors: Yan Sha , Wu Liming , Xue Xiaofeng 
Published: February 2023

Abstractα‐Dicarbonyl compounds (α‐DCs) are readily produced during the heating and storage of foods, mainly through the Maillard reaction, caramelization, lipid‐peroxidation, and enzymatic reaction. They contribute to both the organoleptic properties (i.e., aroma, taste, and color) and deterioration of foods and are potential indicators of food quality. α‐DCs are also important precursors to hazardous substances, such as acrylamide, furan, advanced lipoxidation end products, and advanced glycation end products, which are genotoxic, neurotoxic, and linked to several diseases. Recent studies have indicated that dietary α‐DCs can elevate plasma α‐DC levels and lead to “dicarbonyl stress.” To accurately assess their health risks, quantifying α‐DCs in food products is crucial. Considering their low volatility, inability to absorb ultraviolet light, and high reactivity, the analysis of α‐DCs in complex food systems is a challenge. In this review, we comprehensively cover the development of scientific approaches, from extraction, enrichment, and derivatization, to sophisticated detection techniques, which are necessary for quantifying α‐DCs in different foods. Exposure to α‐DCs is inevitable because they exist in most foods. Recently, novel strategies for reducing α‐DC levels in foods have become a hot research topic. These strategies include the use of new processing technologies, formula modification, and supplementation with α‐DC scavengers (e.g., phenolic compounds). For each strategy, it is important to consider the potential mechanisms underlying the formation and removal of process contaminants. Future studies are needed to develop techniques to control α‐DC formation during food processing, and standardized approaches are needed to quantify and compare α‐DCs in different foods.
Designing liquefaction and saccharification processes of highly concentrated starch slurry: Challenges and recent advances
Authors: Li Zexi , Kong Haocun , Li Zhaofeng , Gu Zhengbiao , Ban Xiaofeng , Hong Yan , Cheng Li , Li Caiming 
Published: February 2023

AbstractStarch‐based sugars are an important group of starch derivatives used in food, medicine, chemistry, and other fields. The production of starch sugars involves starch liquefaction and saccharification processes. The production cost of starch sugars can be reduced by increasing the initial concentration of starch slurry. However, the usage of the highly concentrated starch slurry is characterized by challenges such as low reaction efficiency and poor product performance during the liquefaction and saccharification processes. In this study, we endeavored to provide a reference guide for improving high‐concentration starch sugar production. Thus, we reviewed the effects of substrate concentration on the starch sugar production process and summarized several potential strategies. These regulation strategies, such as physical field pretreatment, complex enzyme‐assisted, and temperature control, can significantly increase the starch concentration and mitigate the challenges of using highly concentrated starch slurry. We believe that highly concentrated starch sugar production will achieve a qualitative leap in the future. This review provides theoretical guidance and highlights the importance of high concentration in starch‐based sugar production. Further studies are needed to explore the fine structure and enzyme attack mode during the liquefaction and saccharification processes to regulate the production of more targeted products.
A psychological contract perspective on how and when employees' promotive voice enhances promotability
Authors: Li Chenwei , Wu Chia‐Huei , Dong Yuntao , Weisman Hannah , Sun Li‐Yun 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWhile promotive voice is conventionally considered a favourable work behaviour to the organisation, whether engaging in promotive voice will help employees move up the career ladder is inconclusive across a handful of studies. Drawing on a psychological contract perspective, this study aims to understand why and when employees' promotive voice can contribute to supervisor‐rated employees' promotability. We propose that employees' engagement in promotive voice will strengthen supervisor‐sponsored balanced psychological contract with the employees and thus employees' promotability, and these effects will be stronger when the employees and supervisors have higher versus lower quality of leader‐member exchange (LMX) relationship. Results of a three‐wave field study with 281 employees and their 59 supervisors supported our hypotheses. We conclude by discussing the important implications of these findings for theory and practice.
Radiology and radiation oncology considerations for transgender and intersex patients: A qualitative study
Authors: Pratt‐Chapman Mandi L , Astorino Joseph , Goyal Sharad , Schmit Berndt , Yap Mei Ling , Bajaj Shiv , Angiulo Emily 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIntroductionIn this qualitative study, we explored experiences of radiologists and radiation oncologists in providing clinical care to transgender, gender diverse (TGD), and intersex patients by asking about comfort level, relevant past training and training gaps, and clinical recommendations for TGD and intersex patient care.MethodsA purposive sample of radiology and radiation oncology professionals (n = 16) from diverse practice settings were interviewed on a videoconferencing platform. Transcripts were auto‐populated and checked manually for accuracy. Two coders used a mix of deductive and inductive coding to identify key themes. Member checking was conducted with interviewees.ResultsParticipants reported major gaps in training, knowledge, and confidence related to all aspects of TGD and intersex patient care. Recommendations for improvements included training that encompassed key terminology, how to conduct a physical exam on TGD and intersex patients, radiology and radiation oncology adaptations for TGD and intersex patients, and care coordination among multi‐disciplinary oncology team members and gender affirming care providers. Exposure to diverse TGD and intersex persons in personal and professional life contributed to higher levels of comfort among providers in caring for TGD and intersex patients.ConclusionGaps in knowledge and limited confidence characterized the sample. Training at all levels is needed to improve radiology and radiation oncology care for TGD and intersex patients.
Association between serum uric acid levels of patients with gout and their complications and examination fees: A cross‐sectional analysis
Authors: Dang Wantai , Zhao Ling , Wang Jing , Xu Dan , Liu Jian , You Lanlan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveCorrelation influence factor analysis of gout patients' serum uric acid (SUA) levels, their examination fees, and various complications were explored.MethodsFrom January 2017 to December 2021, 17 666 patients with gout were obtained. Conduct quartile grouping according to gout patients' SUA levels was used to compare the differences between groups in terms of examination fees and complications. Kernel density estimation method was adopted to analyze the data distribution, Spearman and Mantel‐Haenszel χ2 tests were used to analyze the correlation between SUA levels and examination fees and complications. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the correlation influence factor between SUA levels and complications.ResultsOf the 17 666 gout cases, 85.46% were male. Among them, 7637 (43.23%) were inpatients and 10 029 (56.77%) were outpatients. Compared with outpatients, age, SUA levels, and examination fees were significantly higher, and there were more complications among inpatients (P < 0.05). Correlation analysis revealed that outpatients and SUA levels of patients with gout were positively correlated with examination fees, cardiovascular diseases, pulmonary diseases, liver diseases, and kidney diseases (P < 0.01). Binary logistic regression analysis showed that SUA level is an independent influence factor for cardiovascular diseases, pulmonary diseases, liver diseases, and kidney diseases (odds ratio [95% confidence interval]: 1.002 [1.002‐1.002], 1.001 [1.000‐1.001], 1.003 [1.002‐1.003], and 1.001 [1.001‐1.002], respectively).ConclusionsAs SUA levels increased, examination fees, cardiovascular disease, pulmonary disease, liver disease, and kidney disease complications increased. SUA level is an independent influence factor for the combination of gout with cardiovascular diseases, pulmonary diseases, liver diseases, and kidney diseases.
CU06‐1004 alleviates vascular hyperpermeability in a murine model of hereditary angioedema by protecting the endothelium
Authors: Lee Sunghye , Kim Yeomyeong , Kim Ye‐Seul , Zhang Haiying , Noh Minyoung , Kwon Young‐Guen 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundOver‐release of the vasoactive peptide bradykinin (BK) due to mutation in the SERPING1 gene is the leading cause of hereditary angioedema (HAE). BK directly activates endothelial cells and increases vascular permeability by disrupting the endothelial barrier, leading to angioedema affecting face, lips, extremities, gastrointestinal tract, and larynx. Although various pharmacological treatment options for HAE became available during the last decade, they are presently limited and pose a major economic burden on patients. To identify additional therapeutic options for HAE, we evaluated the effect of CU06‐1004, an endothelial dysfunction blocker, on BK‐induced vascular hyperpermeability and the HAE murine model.MethodsTo investigate the effect of CU06‐1004 on BK‐induced vascular hyperpermeability in vivo, we pre‐administrated WT mice with the drug and then induced vascular leakage through intravenous injection of BK and observed vascular alternation. Then, SERPING1 deficient mice were used for a HAE murine model. For an in vitro model, the HUVEC monolayer was pre‐treated with CU06‐1004 and then stimulated with BK.ResultsBradykinin disrupted the endothelial barrier and formed interendothelial cell gaps, leading to hyperpermeability in vivo and in vitro. However, CU06‐1004 treatment protected the endothelial barrier by suppressing Src and myosin light chain activation via BK and alleviated hyperpermeability.ConclusionOur study shows that CU06‐1004 oral administration significantly reduced vascular hyperpermeability in the HAE murine model by protecting the endothelial barrier function against BK stimulation. Therefore, protecting endothelium against BK with CU06‐1004 could serve as a potential prophylactic/therapeutic approach for HAE patients.
Guiding safer risperidone prescribing in Alzheimer's disease with therapeutic drug monitoring
Authors: Roughley Matthew , Mena Carlos , Howard Robert , Reeves Suzanne , Bertrand Julie 
Published: February 2023

Previous analysis of pharmacokinetic data on risperidone‐treated patients with dementia predicted that 20% had concentration‐to‐dose (C/D) ratios of the active moiety (risperidone and 9‐hydroxy(OH)‐risperidone) above 14 ng/mL per mg/day, which were in turn associated with a greater risk of extrapyramidal side effects. This study aimed to further explore risperidone pharmacokinetics in a second dataset. Nonlinear mixed effects modelling, using a Bayesian approach, was applied to data from a randomized controlled trial of risperidone in people with dementia. Covariates included age and glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Age had a significant effect on risperidone clearance (β = −1.5) and GFR on 9‐OH‐risperidone clearance (β = 0.2). The model predicted that 26.2% (95% confidence interval 18.6‐32.6%) had C/D ratios above 14 ng/mL per mg/day. These findings confirm the importance of age‐related risperidone dose adjustments and argue strongly for therapeutic drug monitoring in the initial stages of treatment to identify those at greatest risk of toxicity.
Evidence for acoustic niche partitioning depends on the temporal scale in two sympatric Bornean hornbill species
Authors: Kennedy Amy G. , Ahmad Abdul Hamid , Klinck Holger , Johnson Lynn M. , Clink Dena J. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractUnderstanding niche partitioning of closely related sympatric species is a fundamental goal in ecology. Acoustic communication space can be considered a resource, and the acoustic niche hypothesis posits that competition between species may lead to partitioning of communication space. Here, we compare the calling behavior of two sympatric Bornean hornbill species—the rhinoceros hornbill (Buceros rhinoceros) and the helmeted hornbill (Rhinoplax vigil)—to test for evidence of acoustic niche partitioning. Both hornbill species emit calls heard over many kilometers and have similar habitat preferences which is predicted to result in interspecific competition. We collected acoustic data on sympatric populations of both hornbill species using 10 autonomous recording units in Danum Valley Conservation Area, Sabah, Malaysia. We found that there was substantial spectral overlap between the calls of the two species, indicating the potential for competition for acoustic space. To test for evidence of acoustic niche partitioning, we investigated spatial and temporal patterns of calling in each species. Both hornbills were strictly diurnal and called throughout the day, and we were equally likely to detect both species at each of our recorders. We did not find evidence of temporal acoustic avoidance at a relatively coarse timescale when we divided our dataset into 1 h bins, but we did find evidence of temporal acoustic avoidance at a finer timescale when we used null models to compare the observed duration of overlapping calls to the expected amount of overlap due to chance.Abstract in Malay is available with online material.
Clinical, microbiological and biochemical impact of a supportive care protocol with an air‐polishing device, after surgical treatment of peri‐implantitis: Randomized clinical trial
Authors: Luengo Fernando , Sanz‐Esporrín Javier , Sanz‐Sánchez Ignacio , Solonko Myroslav , Herrera David , Sanz Mariano 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of a supportive peri‐implant care (SPIC) protocol after surgical therapy of peri‐implantitis, combining ultrasonic mechanical debridement and glycine powder air polishing.Materials and MethodsThirty subjects diagnosed with peri‐implantitis and treated by means of access flap were randomized 6 months later into two different SPIC groups: the test group combined a piezoelectric ultrasonic instrumentation with a specific implant PEEK tip and glycine powder air polishing, while control group received the same ultrasonic instrumentation together with a rubber cup and a polishing paste. Patients were followed for 12 months, with intermediate SPIC visits every 3 months. Clinical, radiological, microbiological and biochemical outcome variables were registered and calculated.ResultsAfter 12 months of SPIC, probing depths (PD) showed a mean reduction of 0.33 ± 0.11 mm, with significant differences (p < .001) between the test (−0.84 ± 0.43 mm) and the control group (+0.18 ± 0.73 mm). Healthy peri‐implant tissues defined by PD <5 mm, absence of BoP (or in only one site around the implant), and no additional bone loss (<0.5 mm), were observed at the final visit in 83% of the implants (87% in the test group and 80% in the control group, p = .255). No adverse events were reported by the subjects participating in the study.ConclusionsThe SPIC protocol including mechanical ultrasonic debridement and glycine powder air‐polishing demonstrated significantly better efficacy in terms of PD reductions. A strict SPIC protocol can maintain for 1 year, or even improve, the results obtained after surgical treatment of peri‐implantitis.
Management of epistaxis associated with oral antithrombotic drugs in emergency department and impact on prescription thereafter
Authors: Bouget Jacques , Balusson Frédéric , Roy Pierre‐Marie , Viglino Damien , Pavageau Laure , Lacut Karine , Oger Emmanuel 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo describe management, and to assess factors associated with antithrombotic prescription thereafter in patients who had epistaxis referred to emergency department (ED).DesignProspective cohort study. From EDs, clinical, biological and hospital data were collected. The clinical database was linked to the French Health Insurance Database where we retrieved antithrombotic drug deliveries in a 3‐month period before and after referral.SettingMulticentric population‐based cohort study within five well‐defined areas.ParticipantsWe considered 306 patients referred for epistaxis with a stable oral antithrombotic regimen before referral.Main Outcome MeasuresWe considered management, hospital outcome and case fatality. Antithrombotic prescription in a 3‐month follow‐up period was categorised into three classes: no change, class change, or discontinuation. During follow‐up, hospitalisation for epistaxis or ischaemic events was searched.ResultsAmong 306 adult individuals (mean age: 76 years), 166 took oral anticoagulant and 140 an antiplatelet drug. Blood transfusion was needed in 13.7% of patients and anterior packing alone in 61%. Half of the patients were hospitalised; 301 were discharged alive. Considering antithrombotic prescription thereafter we observed no change in 219 patients (72.8%), class changes in 47 patients (15.6%) and discontinuation in 35 patients (11.6%). We identified four independent predictors for antithrombotic prescription: hospitalisation (vs. returning home, p = .05), age (p = .03), haemoglobin level (p = .03) and oral anticoagulant (vs. antiplatelet agent, p < .001). During the 3 months following discharge, 2 thrombotic and 15 bleeding events were identified.ConclusionsEpistaxis referred to emergency department had an impact on subsequent antithrombotic prescription.Clinical Trial RegistrationClinical Trials.gov identifier: NCT02886533.
Ambulatory laparoscopic colectomies: a systematic review
Authors: Siragusa Leandro , Pellino Gianluca , Sensi Bruno , Panis Yves , Bellato Vittoria , Khan Jim , Sica Giuseppe S. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimAmbulatory laparoscopic colectomy (ALC), meaning discharge within 24 h of surgical colonic resection, has recently been proposed in a few, selected patients. This systematic review was performed with the aim of reviewing protocols for ALC and assessing feasibility, safety and outcomes after ALC.MethodA PRISMA‐compliant systematic review and pooled analysis was performed searching all English studies published until October 2022 in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science (PROSPERO, CRD42022334463). Inclusion criteria were original articles including patients undergoing ALC, specifying at least one outcome of interest. Exclusion criteria were articles reporting a robotic‐assisted procedure; unable to retrieve patient data from articles; the same patient series included in different studies. Primary outcomes were success, overall complications and readmission rates. Secondary outcomes included mortality and specific complications such us surgical site infection, anastomotic leak, ileus, bleeding, rate of ALC acceptance, and unscheduled consultation and reoperation rate.ResultsAmong 1087 studies imported for screening, 11 were included (1296 patients). The success rate was 47% with an overall morbidity of 14%. Readmission and reoperation rates were 5% and 1%, respectively. No mortality was recorded. Protocols of ALC differ significantly among published studies.ConclusionsOverall, ALC appears to be safe and feasible in selected cases with an acceptable success rate and a low risk of readmission after hospital discharge. Future studies should evaluate patients' benefits and discharge criteria, as well as uniformity and standardization of eligibility criteria. This systematic review may help inform on ALC adoption in clinical practice.