bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Polymorphisms in corticotrophin‐releasing hormone–proopiomalanocortin (CRH–POMC) system genes: Neuroimmune contributions to psoriasis disease
Authors: Galimova Elvira , Rätsep Ranno , Traks Tanel , Chernov Alexandr , Gaysina Darya , Kingo Külli , Kõks Sulev 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundSkin is a target organ and source of the corticotropin‐releasing hormone–proopiomelanocortin (CRH‐POMC) system, operating as a coordinator and executor of responses to stress. Environmental stress exacerbates and triggers inflammatory skin diseases through modifying the cellular components of the immune system supporting the importance of CRH‐POMC system in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. The aim of this study was to analyse the association of CRH‐POMC polymorphisms with psoriasis and evaluate transcript expression of lesional psoriatic and normal skin in RNA‐seq data.MethodsSamples of 104 patients with psoriasis and 174 healthy controls were genotyped for 42 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of CRH‐POMC using Applied Biosystems SNPlex™ method. The transcript quantification was performed using Salmon software v1.3.0.ResultsThis study demonstrated the associations between melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) polymorphisms rs2228479, rs3212369, dopachrome tautomerase (DCT) polymorphisms rs7987802, rs2031526, rs9524501 and psoriasis in the Tatar population. Very strong association was evident for the SNP rs7987802 in the DCT gene (pc = 5.95е‐006) in psoriasis patients. Additionally, the haplotype analysis provided AT DCT (rs7992630 and rs7987802) and AGA MC1R (rs3212358, 2228479 and 885479) haplotypes significantly associated (pc ˂ 0.05) with psoriasis in the Tatar population, supporting the involvement of DCT and MC1R to the psoriasis susceptibility. Moreover, MC1R‐203 and DCT‐201 expression levels were decreased in psoriasis lesional skin compared with healthy control skin.ConclusionsThis study is the first to identify genetic variants of the MC1R and DCT genes significantly associated with psoriasis in Tatar population. Our results support potential roles of CRH‐POMC system genes and DCT in the pathogenesis of psoriasis.
A critical appraisal and recommendation synthesis of delirium clinical practice guidelines relevant to the care of older adults in the emergency department: An umbrella review
Authors: Filiatreault Sarah , Grimshaw Jeremy M. , Kreindler Sara A. , Chochinov Alecs , Linton Janice , Chatterjee Rashmita , Azeez Rilwan , Doupe Malcolm B. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractRationaleOlder adults are at high risk of developing delirium in the emergency department (ED); however, it is often missed or undertreated. Improving ED delirium care is challenging in part due to a lack of standards to guide best practice. Clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) translate evidence into recommendations to improve practice.AimTo critically appraise and synthesize CPG recommendations for delirium care relevant to older ED patients.MethodsWe conducted an umbrella review to retrieve relevant CPGs. Quality of the CPGs and their recommendations were critically appraised using the Appraisal of Guidelines, Research, and Evaluation (AGREE)‐II; and Appraisal of Guidelines Research and Evaluation—Recommendations Excellence (AGREE‐REX) instruments. A threshold of 70% or greater in the AGREE‐II Rigour of Development domain was used to define high‐quality CPGs. Delirium recommendations from CPGs meeting this threshold were included in the synthesis and narrative analysis.ResultsAGREE‐II Rigour of Development scores ranged from 37% to 83%, with 5 of 10 CPGs meeting the predefined threshold. AGREE‐REX overall calculated scores ranged from 44% to 80%. Recommendations were grouped into screening, diagnosis, risk reduction, and management. Although none of the included CPGs were ED‐specific, many recommendations incorporated evidence from this setting. There was agreement that screening for nonmodifiable risk factors is important to define high‐risk populations, and those at risk should be screened for delirium. The ‘4A's Test’ was the recommended tool to use in the ED specifically. Multicomponent strategies were recommended for delirium risk reduction, and for its management if it occurs. The only area of disagreement was for the short‐term use of antipsychotic medication in urgent situations.ConclusionThis is the first known review of delirium CPGs including a critical appraisal and synthesis of recommendations. Researchers and policymakers can use this synthesis to inform future improvement efforts and research in the ED.RegistrationThis study has been registered in the Open Science Framework registries: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/TG7S6OSF.IO/TG7S6.
The 3D emergence profile on implant‐supported restorations: A method for evaluating restorative angles
Authors: Mancini Leonardo , Thoma Daniel S. , Marchetti Enrico , Jung Ronald Ernst , Strauss Franz J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractStatement of ProblemEmerging evidence indicates that the emergence profile and subsequent restorative angle play a crucial role in clinical outcomes and can potentially affect the development and progression of peri‐implant diseases. However, the traditional evaluation of the emergence profile and angle has been limited to mesial and distal sites using periapical x‐rays, without considering the buccal sites.PurposeTo describe a novel 3D method to estimate the emergence profile and restorative angles around single implant‐supported crowns including buccal sites.Materials and MethodsA total of 30 implant‐supported crowns (11 molars, 8 premolars, 8 central incisors and 1 canine) were extra‐orally scanned using an intraoral scanner and the STL files produced were imported into a 3D software. The crown/abutment interface of each crown was delineated, and apico‐coronal lines were automatically drawn following the shape of the crown. Three reference points were defined on the apico‐coronal lines at the transition edge of the biological (BC) and the esthetic zone (EC) and the resulting angles were then calculated. The reliability of the measurements (2D and 3D) were assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).ResultsIn anterior restorations, the mean angle of the esthetic zone amounted to 162 ± 14° at mesial sites, to 140 ± 10° at buccal sites and to 163 ± 11° at distal sites. The corresponding angles at the biological zones, amounted to 155 ± 13° at mesial sites, 139 ± 15° at buccal sites and 157 ± 5° at distal sites. In posterior restorations, the mean angle of the esthetic zone amounted to 162 ± 12° at mesial sites, to 157 ± 13 at buccal sites and to 162 ± 11 at distal sites. The corresponding angles at the biological zone, amounted to 158 ± 8 at mesial sites, 150 ± 15° at buccal sites and 156 ± 10 at distal sites. The ICC for all measurements ranged between 0.77 and 0.99 indicating a good intra‐examiner reliability.ConclusionWithin the limitations of the present study, the 3D analysis seems to be a reliable and applicable method for the quantitative evaluation of the emergence profile in daily practice. Future randomized clinical trials are needed to assess whether a 3D analysis with the ensuing the emergence profile serves as a predictor for clinical outcomes.Clinical SignificanceThe development and implementation of a 3D workflow will provide technicians and dentists with the ability to assess the restorative angle of implant‐supported restorations during the provisional phase and the final restoration. This approach may help achieve an aesthetically pleasing restoration while minimizing potential clinical complications.
Racism and incarcerated African American adolescents
Authors: Tadros Eman 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn the United States, approximately 34% to 36% of juveniles (those under age 17) processed in the court system in 2018 were Black (Abrams et al., 2021). This article examines the dynamics of race with incarcerated Black adolescents. Black adolescents who have been or are incarcerated face similar systemic challenges as any other adolescent and must also be mindful of re‐entry into their communities. These challenges are multifaceted and dually complex when an adolescent is both incarcerated and Black. A literary review is provided then intersections of the topics are discussed to conceptualize and provide practical applications. Clinical implications for therapists are offered to practitioners working in the juvenile justice system.
Learning capacity in early‐stage Alzheimer's disease: The role of feedback during learning on memory performance
Authors: Scheper Inge , Brazil Inti A. , Claassen Jurgen A. H. R. , Bertens Dirk , Geurts Sofie , Kessels Roy P. C. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAlzheimer's disease is characterized by a decline in episodic memory and executive functioning, hampering learning ability. Insight into outcome‐based learning capacity may be relevant for optimizing the learning potential of these patients. To date, mixed results have been found in studies in which cognitively impaired participants have to learn based on positive and negative outcomes. In this study, we investigated the role of negative and positive feedback on memory performance and participants' ability to adjust their behaviour accordingly in a sample of 23 early‐stage AD patients and 23 matched healthy controls. We administered a novel computerized object‐location memory task, in which participants were instructed to learn and memorize the locations of different everyday objects following errorless learning (EL) and trial‐and‐error learning (TEL). A separate probabilistic TEL task was employed in which participants had to learn how to adjust their behaviour based on positive and negative feedback. EL had a beneficial general effect on memory performance for object locations. However, this effect was not larger in early‐stage AD patients compared to controls and error frequency during acquisition of object locations was unrelated to later recall performance. No group differences were found on the probabilistic learning task with respect to learning performance over time and based on positive and negative feedback. Although the error monitoring system seems intact in patients with early‐stage AD, errors during learning are likely acting as a source of interference causing difficulty in storage or retrieval of object locations.
Vascular uses of LP1064 applicator on the harmony XL pro device
Authors: Nguyen Christopher N. , Gold Michael H. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroductionVascular lesions of the lower extremities and face, such as varicose veins and telangiectasias, are a common dilemma for the dermatologist. In recent years, laser therapy has emerged as a viable treatment option for these vascular anomalies.Materials and MethodsAlthough there are several types of lasers, the 1064‐nm Nd:YAG in particular is popularly selected for its safety profile and versatility. The longer 1064 nm wavelength penetrates deeper into the skin while also being less absorbed by hemoglobin and melanin, thus resulting in minimized damage to surrounding structures and less pigmentation changes. The new LP1064 applicator on the Harmony XL Pro Device is one such laser.ResultsNumerous publications have corroborated the efficacy of 1064 nm Nd:YAG lasers. These studies cite at least over 75% of patients experiencing significant improvement in common vascular lesions. Efficacy of this laser is also seen for other vascular lesions such as port wine stains, hemangiomas, venous lakes, poikiloderma of Civatte, and angiokeratomas. Overall, the reported studies also show a low incidence of adverse events.ConclusionThe 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser, such as the Harmony LP1064 applicator, is a safe and effective tool to treat vein anomalies of the face and leg. Although commonly used for vein ablation, it has demonstrated a robust response in other indications as well.
Rosline promotes p21 expression to inhibit ovarian cancer cell proliferation via p53‐independent pathway
Authors: Zhao Ting , Xiao Xiao , Li Lingchuan , Wu Xiaomei , Yuan Tao 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimTo investigate the effect of benzothiazole derivatives (Rosline) on ovarian cancer and the potential mechanism.MethodsOvarian cancer tissues were collected clinically and immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of p53 and p21. Ovarian cancer cells were exposed to 0, 2.5, 5, 10 μmol/L Rosline for 24 h. 100 nmol/L Pifithrin‐α pre‐incubation was used to inhibit the transcriptional activity of p53. CCK‐8 and BrdU assays were used to detect the effects of different concentrations of rosline on the proliferation and cell cycle of OVCAR420 and SKOV3 cells. Flow cytometry assay was used to detect cell cycle. The transcriptional and translational expression of p21 and p53 were detected by RT‐qPCR and Western blot.Resultsp21 was expressed in ovarian cancer tissues without p53 expression. Rosline inhibits the proliferation of ovarian cancer cells and blocks the cell cycle progression. Meanwhile, Rosline promotes p21 expression in ovarian cancer cells at both mRNA and protein levels, but with no significant effect on p53 expression. Besides, Rosline promotes p21 expression, inhibits cell proliferation, and blocks the cell cycle via the p53‐independent pathway.ConclusionRosline promoted p21 expression thereby inhibiting cell proliferation and blocks the cell cycle via p53‐independent pathway.
Hyperthermia maintains death receptor expression and promotes TRAIL‐induced apoptosis
Authors: Ohara Go , Okabe Kazuto , Toyama Naoto , Ohta Yuya , Xinman Song , Ichimura Norihisa , Sato Kotaro , Urata Yusuke , Hibi Hideharu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundTumor necrosis factor‐related apoptosis‐inducing ligand activates apoptotic pathways and could potentially be used in anticancer treatments. However, oral squamous cell carcinoma cells are known to be resistant to tumor necrosis factor‐related apoptosis‐inducing ligand‐induced cell death. It has been previously reported that hyperthermia upregulates tumor necrosis factor‐related apoptosis‐inducing ligand‐induced apoptosis in other cancers. As such, we evaluated whether hyperthermia upregulates tumor necrosis factor‐related apoptosis‐inducing ligand‐mediated apoptosis in a tumor necrosis factor‐related apoptosis‐inducing ligand‐resistant oral squamous cell carcinoma cell line.MethodsThe oral squamous cell carcinoma cell line HSC3 was cultured and divided into hyperthermia and control groups. We investigated the antitumor effects of recombinant human tumor necrosis factor‐related apoptosis‐inducing ligand using cell proliferation and apoptosis assays. Additionally, we measured death receptor 4 and 5 levels, and determined death receptor ubiquitination status, as well as E3 ubiquitin ligase targeting of death receptor in both hyperthermia and control groups before recombinant human tumor necrosis factor‐related apoptosis‐inducing ligand administration.ResultsTreatment with recombinant human tumor necrosis factor‐related apoptosis‐inducing ligand produced greater inhibitory effects in the hyperthermia group than in the control group. Moreover, death receptor protein expression in the hyperthermia group was upregulated on the cell surface (and overall), although death receptor mRNA was downregulated. The half‐life of death receptor was several hours longer in the hyperthermia group; concomitantly, E3 ubiquitin ligase expression and death receptor ubiquitination were downregulated in this group.ConclusionOur findings suggested that hyperthermia enhances apoptotic signaling by tumor necrosis factor‐related apoptosis‐inducing ligand via the suppression of death receptor ubiquitination, which upregulates death receptor expression. These data suggest that the combination of hyperthermia and tumor necrosis factor‐related apoptosis‐inducing ligand has implications in developing a novel treatment strategy for oral squamous cell carcinoma.
Adherence to Recess Guidelines in the United States Using Nationally Representative Data: Implications for Future Surveillance Efforts
Authors: Clevenger Kimberly A. , Dunton Genevieve F. , Katzmarzyk Peter T. , Pfeiffer Karin A. , Berrigan David 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDNational adherence to the recess recommendations of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has not been comprehensively studied in the United States.METHODSData from 6 nationally representative data sets over the last decade (Classification of Laws Associated with School Students, Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, National Youth Fitness Survey, School Health Policies and Practices Survey, and the School Nutrition and Meal Cost Study) provided estimates for adherence to CDC recess guidelines.RESULTSWhile approximately 65‐80% of elementary school‐children receive the recommended 20+ minutes of daily recess according to parent‐, principal‐, and school‐report, adherence declines by sixth grade, and little information is available for middle/high school students. Adherence to playground safety was high (90%), but adherence to recommendations about recess before lunch (<50%), withholding recess as punishment (∼50%), and training recess staff (<50%) were lower.CONCLUSIONSSchool policy and practice should align with CDC recommendations, with the aim of providing sufficient quality recess to all youth, K‐12th grade. Comprehensive, on‐going national surveillance of multiple recess domains is needed to inform policy and ensure equitable provision of recess.
Visual assessment and rheological characterization of shape retention of products on a surface
Authors: Mintel Mark , Lee Jonghun , Teoman Baran , Potanin Andrei 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA device to measure the height loss of a sample extruded from a syringe on a surface is described thus emulating toothpaste extrusion from a tube with the goal to predict shape retention of the extruded ribbon. Correlations with rheological tests are considered with a special focus on experiments more likely to be implementable in an industrial environment. In agreement with previous studies, the instantaneous viscosity maximum measured in a stress ramp test is a good predictor of ribbon height loss. Up‐ and down‐shear flow curves of the thixotropic loop were fitted with a generalized Casson equation and the correlations of the fitting parameters with the height loss were also considered. Yield stress extracted from the up‐shear flow curve as well as the shape of the curve is found to define the ribbon height loss as well as the degree of thixotropy which may be quantified by the width of the loop or simply as the ratio of viscosities at low shear rate.
Antibiotics reduce Pocillopora coral‐associated bacteria diversity, decrease holobiont oxygen consumption and activate immune gene expression
Authors: Connelly Michael T. , Snyder Grace , Palacio‐Castro Ana M. , Gillette Phillip R. , Baker Andrew C. , Traylor‐Knowles Nikki 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCorals are important models for understanding invertebrate host–microbe interactions; however, to fully discern mechanisms involved in these relationships, experimental approaches for manipulating coral–bacteria associations are needed. Coral‐associated bacteria affect holobiont health via nutrient cycling, metabolic exchanges and pathogen exclusion, yet it is not fully understood how bacterial community shifts affect holobiont health and physiology. In this study, a combination of antibiotics (ampicillin, streptomycin and ciprofloxacin) was used to disrupt the bacterial communities of 14 colonies of the reef framework‐building corals Pocillopora meandrina and P. verrucosa, originally collected from Panama and hosting diverse algal symbionts (family Symbiodiniaceae). Symbiodiniaceae photochemical efficiencies and holobiont oxygen consumption (as proxies for coral health) were measured throughout a 5‐day exposure. Antibiotics altered bacterial community composition and reduced alpha and beta diversity, however, several bacteria persisted, leading to the hypothesis that these bacteria are either antibiotics resistant or occupy internal niches that are shielded from antibiotics. While antibiotics did not affect Symbiodiniaceae photochemical efficiency, antibiotics‐treated corals had lower oxygen consumption rates. RNAseq revealed that antibiotics increased expression of Pocillopora immunity and stress response genes at the expense of cellular maintenance and metabolism functions. Together, these results reveal that antibiotic disruption of corals' native bacteria negatively impacts holobiont health by decreasing oxygen consumption and activating host immunity without directly impairing Symbiodiniaceae photosynthesis, underscoring the critical role of coral‐associated bacteria in holobiont health. They also provide a baseline for future experiments that manipulate Pocillopora corals' symbioses by first reducing the diversity and complexity of coral‐associated bacteria.
Macroeconomic challenges of scaling up aid to West African Economic and Monetary Union
Authors: Dedehouanou Sessinou Erick Abel , Kane Abou 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe increase in Official Development Assistance for which the international community has mobilised should enable developing countries such as those of the West African Economic and Monetary Union to have the resources to achieve sustainable development goals and, more recently, to deal with the Coronavirus crisis. But this ‘Big Push’ of aid presents several macroeconomic challenges that this paper simulates using a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model. The results showed that an increase in aid to West African Economic and Monetary Union countries translates into an increase in output and labour input. On the other hand, increased aid leads to an appreciation of the real exchange rate and a widening of the budget deficit.
Histopathological characterisation of trunk‐dominant canine pemphigus foliaceus, and comparison with classic facial and insecticide‐triggered forms
Authors: Gedon Natalie Katharina Yvonne , Bizikova Petra , Olivry Thierry , Mendoza‐Kuznetsova Ekaterina , Oberkirchner Ursula , Robertson James Benjamin , Linder Keith Emerson 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundWhile the clinical features were described recently, the histopathological characterisation of trunk‐dominant canine pemphigus foliaceus (PF) is lacking, and whether it differs from classic facial or insecticide‐triggered PF is unknown.Hypothesis/ObjectivesThis study describes the histopathological findings of trunk‐dominant PF, and compares the results to classic facial and insecticide‐triggered PF.AnimalsSkin biopsies from 103 dogs with clinically characterised trunk‐dominant (n = 33), classic facial (n = 26) and insecticide‐triggered PF (n = 44) were included.Materials and MethodsHistological sections, randomised and blinded, were scored for over 50 morphological parameters of pustules, epidermis, dermis, adnexa and crusts. Intact pustule area and width were measured by digital microscopy.ResultsIn trunk‐dominant PF, 77 intact pustules were predominantly subcorneal (0.0019–1.940 mm2 area, 0.0470–4.2532 mm wide), and contained from one to over 100 acantholytic keratinocytes. Pustules had boat acantholytic cells, corneocytes, perinuclear eosinophilic rings, neutrophil rosettes, acantholytic cell necrosis, rafts, cling‐ons and/or eosinophils. Peripustular epidermal spongiosis, necrosis and lymphocyte exocytosis occurred, as did follicular pustules. Mixed dermal inflammation often contained eosinophils. Trunk‐dominant PF did not differ from the other PF groups except for few parameters, such as having fewer rafts (p = 0.003). Additional autoimmune inflammatory patterns occurred in all PF groups.Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceTrunk‐dominant PF and other canine PF variants are histologically similar, which indicates shared pathomechanisms. The identification of common boat acantholytic cells and corneocyte separation has implications for the mechanisms of acantholysis. The diversity of histopathological and polyautoimmunity features support complicated immune mechanisms. Finally, results indicate that diagnostic biopsies cannot differentiate between these PF variants in dogs.