bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mental wellbeing and quality of life in prostate cancer (MIND-P): Protocol for a multi-institutional prospective cohort study
Authors: Brunckhorst Oliver , Liszka Jaroslaw , James Callum , Fanshawe Jack B. , Hammadeh Mohamed , Thomas Robert , Khan Shahid , Sheriff Matin , Ahmed Hashim U. , Van Hemelrijck Mieke , Muir Gordon , Stewart Robert , Dasgupta Prokar , Ahmed Kamran 
Published: April 2023

Background
The mental wellbeing implications of a prostate cancer diagnosis are increasingly being realised. Significant mental health symptoms such as depression and anxiety, along with related constructs such as fear of cancer recurrence, body image and masculine self-esteem issues are prevalent. However, less is understood about potential prognostic factors for these outcomes in prostate cancer patients. Therefore, this study aims to primarily explore potential treatment, patient and oncological factors associated with mental wellbeing outcomes in the initial prostate cancer follow-up period.

Methods
MIND-P is a multi-institutional prospective cohort study recruiting newly diagnosed prostate cancer patients for 12-month follow up. It will aim to recruit a final sample of 300 participants undergoing one of four treatment options: active surveillance, radical prostatectomy, radical radiotherapy, or hormone monotherapy. Questionnaire-based data collection consists of multiple validated mental, physical, and social wellbeing outcomes at baseline and 3-monthly intervals until study completion. Primary analysis will include evaluation of treatment undergone against multiple mental wellbeing outcomes. Secondary analysis will additionally explore multiple patient and oncological prognostic factors of potential importance, along with the cumulative incidence of these outcomes, symptom trajectory and their association with subsequent functional and social outcomes.

Conclusion
This cohort study aims to add to the existing limited literature evaluating significant prognostic factors for multiple mental wellbeing outcomes in newly diagnosed prostate cancer patients. This may be of potential use for guiding future prognosis research and of clinical use for identifying individuals potentially requiring additional surveillance or support during routine cancer follow up.

Study registration
This study was prospectively registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04647474).
How many days of continuous physical activity monitoring reliably represent time in different intensities in cancer survivors
Authors: Western Benedikte , Demmelmaier Ingrid , Vistad Ingvild , Hansen Bjørge Herman , Stenling Andreas , Henriksen Hege Berg , Nordin Karin , Blomhoff Rune , Berntsen Sveinung 
Published: April 2023

Background
Physical activity (PA) monitoring is applied in a growing number of studies within cancer research. However, no consensus exists on how many days PA should be monitored to obtain reliable estimates in the cancer population. The objective of the present study was to determine the minimum number of monitoring days required for reliable estimates of different PA intensities in cancer survivors when using a six-days protocol. Furthermore, reliability of monitoring days was assessed stratified on sex, age, cancer type, weight status, and educational level.

Methods
Data was obtained from two studies where PA was monitored for seven days using the SenseWear Armband Mini in a total of 984 cancer survivors diagnosed with breast, colorectal or prostate cancer. Participants with ≥22 hours monitor wear-time for six days were included in the reliability analysis (n = 736). The intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) and the Spearman Brown prophecy formula were used to assess the reliability of different number of monitoring days.

Results
For time in light PA, two monitoring days resulted in reliable estimates (ICC >0.80). Participants with BMI ≥25, low-medium education, colorectal cancer, or age ≥60 years required one additional monitoring day. For moderate and moderate-to-vigorous PA, three monitoring days yielded reliable estimates. Participants with BMI ≥25 or breast cancer required one additional monitoring day. Vigorous PA showed the largest within subject variations and reliable estimates were not obtained for the sample as a whole. However, reliable estimates were obtained for breast cancer survivors (4 days), females, BMI ≥30, and age <60 years (6 days).

Conclusion
Shorter monitoring periods may provide reliable estimates of PA levels in cancer survivors when monitored continuously with a wearable device. This could potentially lower the participant burden and allow for less exclusion of participants not adhering to longer protocols.
Effects of different types and frequencies of early rehabilitation on ventilator weaning among patients in intensive care units: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wu Ruo-Yan , Yeh Huan-Jui , Chang Kai-Jie , Tsai Mei-Wun 
Published: April 2023

Objective
This study aimed to investigate the effects of different types and frequencies of physiotherapy on ventilator weaning among patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) and to identify the optimal type and frequency of intervention.

Data sources
PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and Airiti Library.

Study selection
Randomized controlled trials that provided information on the dosage of ICU rehabilitation and the parameters related to ventilator weaning were included.

Data extraction and management
Treatment types were classified into conventional physical therapy, exercise-based physical therapy, neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NEMS), progressive mobility, and multi-component. The frequencies were divided into high (≥ 2 sessions/day or NEMS of > 60 minutes/day), moderate (one session/day, 3–7 days/week or NEMS of 30–60 minutes/day), and low (one session/day, < 3 days/week, or NEMS of < 30 minutes/day).

Data synthesis
Twenty-four articles were included for systematic review and 15 out of 24 articles were analyzed in the meta-analysis. Early rehabilitation, especially the progressive mobility treatment exerted an optimal effect in reducing the ventilator duration in patients in the ICU (standardized mean difference [SMD] = 0.91; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.23–1.58; P < 0.01). Regarding the treatment frequency, the high-frequency intervention did not result in a favorable effect on ventilator duration compared with the moderate frequency of treatment (SMD = 0.75; 95% CI = -1.13–2.64; P = 0.43).

Conclusion
Early rehabilitation with progressive mobility is highly recommended to decrease the ventilation duration received by patients in the ICU. Depending on clinical resources and the tolerance of patients, the frequency of interventions should reach moderate-to-high frequency, that is, at least one session per day and 3 days a week.

Trial registration
Registration number: PROSPERO (CRD42021243331).
Neutralization of zoonotic retroviruses by human antibodies: Genotype-specific epitopes within the receptor-binding domain from simian foamy virus
Authors: Dynesen Lasse Toftdal , Fernandez Ignacio , Coquin Youna , Delaplace Manon , Montange Thomas , Njouom Richard , Bilounga-Ndongo Chanceline , Rey Félix A. , Gessain Antoine , Backovic Marija , Buseyne Florence 
Published: April 2023

Infection with viruses of animal origin pose a significant threat to human populations. Simian foamy viruses (SFVs) are frequently transmitted to humans, in which they establish a life-long infection, with the persistence of replication-competent virus. However, zoonotic SFVs do not induce severe disease nor are they transmitted between humans. Thus, SFVs represent a model of zoonotic retroviruses that lead to a chronic infection successfully controlled by the human immune system. We previously showed that infected humans develop potent neutralizing antibodies (nAbs). Within the viral envelope (Env), the surface protein (SU) carries a variable region that defines two genotypes, overlaps with the receptor binding domain (RBD), and is the exclusive target of nAbs. However, its antigenic determinants are not understood. Here, we characterized nAbs present in plasma samples from SFV-infected individuals living in Central Africa. Neutralization assays were carried out in the presence of recombinant SU that compete with SU at the surface of viral vector particles. We defined the regions targeted by the nAbs using mutant SU proteins modified at the glycosylation sites, RBD functional subregions, and genotype-specific sequences that present properties of B-cell epitopes. We observed that nAbs target conformational epitopes. We identified three major epitopic regions: the loops at the apex of the RBD, which likely mediate interactions between Env protomers to form Env trimers, a loop located in the vicinity of the heparan binding site, and a region proximal to the highly conserved glycosylation site N8. We provide information on how nAbs specific for each of the two viral genotypes target different epitopes. Two common immune escape mechanisms, sequence variation and glycan shielding, were not observed. We propose a model according to which the neutralization mechanisms rely on the nAbs to block the Env conformational change and/or interfere with binding to susceptible cells. As the SFV RBD is structurally different from known retroviral RBDs, our data provide fundamental knowledge on the structural basis for the inhibition of viruses by nAbs.
Trial registration: The study was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03225794/.
Portal Venous Remodeling Determines the Pattern of Cirrhosis Decompensation: A Systems Analysis
Authors: Mazumder Nikhilesh R , Jezek Filip , Tapper Elliot B. , Beard Daniel A. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background and rationale for the study
As liver disease progresses, scarring results in worsening hemodynamics ultimately culminating in portal hypertension. This process has classically been quantified via the Porto-Systemic pressure Gradient (PSG) which is clinically estimated by Hepatic Venous Pressure Gradient (HVPG), however PSG alone does not predict a given patient’s clinical trajectory with regards to Baveno stage of cirrhosis. We hypothesize that a patient’s ‘PSG-sensitivity’ to venous remodeling could explain disparate disease trajectories. We created a computational model of the portal system in the context of worsening liver disease informed by physiologic measurements from the field of portal hypertension. We simulated progression of clinical complications, HVPG and transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) placement while only varying a patient’s likelihood of portal venous remodeling.
Main Results
Our results unify hemodynamics, venous remodeling, and the clinical progression of liver disease into a mathematically consistent model of portal hypertension. We find that by varying how ‘sensitive’ patients are to create venous collaterals with rising PSG we can explain variation in patterns of decompensation for patients with liver disease. Specifically, we find that patients who have higher proportions of portosystemic shunting earlier in disease have an attenuated rise in HVPG, delayed onset of ascites, and less hemodynamic shifting after TIPS placement.
Conclusion
This paper builds a computational model of portal hypertension which supports that patient level differences in venous remodeling may explain disparate clinical trajectories of disease.
STUDY OF THE EFFECTS OF VINPOCETINE ON INDICATORS OF ACID-ALKALINE STATE FOLLOWING THE ISCHEMIC BRAIN DAMAGE
Authors: Makarova Larisa M. , Pogorely Vasily E. , Abisalova Irina L , Kharitonova Olga V , Makarova Tamara I. , Onbysh Tatiana E. , Kosyanok Nina E. 
Published: April 2023

Vinpocetine is a multipurpose medicine with several pharmacological targets. It is known for its neuroprotective properties. Its mechanism of action in brain pathology is due to a selective inhibitor of phosphodiesterase type 1, inhibition of voltage-gated sodium channels, and a decrease in calcium influx into neurons. Vinpocetine combines high clinical efficacy and safety of use. Therefore it successfully competes in the pharmaceutical market with an ever-increasing number of new medicines. The purpose of the work was to experimentally study the effects of vinpocetine in cats at a dose of 5 mg/kg on the indicators of the acid-base state (ABS) of arterial and venous blood in the simulation of total cerebral ischemia. The effect of vinpocetine on acid-base status indicators should be considered as the most important aspect of its action, contributing to the neuroprotective effect. The paper discusses possible molecular targets and mechanisms for implementing the protective effect of vinpocetine in ischemia, considering its favorable effect on ABS. These new findings may point to increased use of vinpocetine in human cardiovascular diseases accompanied by ABS deterioration.
PERFIL E COMPETÊNCIAS ADQUIRIDAS POR EGRESSOS DE UM CURSO DE FARMÁCIA, NO BRASIL
Authors: Carneiro Aylma Lima , Pires Gizelly Braga , Alencar Bruno Rodrigues , Alencar Tatiane de Oliveira Silva 
Published: April 2023

O objetivo deste artigo é caracterizar o perfil de egressos e as competências adquiridas na formação em uma universidade da Bahia, Brasil. Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo no qual foi utilizado na coleta de dados um questionário on-line que contemplou quatro aspectos: características sociodemográficas, características da formação dos egressos, atuação profissional dos egressos, e avaliação do curso e das competências adquiridas pelos egressos. Participaram do estudo 123 (38,7%) egressos, formados entre 2004 e 2020, sendo 69,1% do sexo feminino e 66,6% com idade entre 24 e 33 anos. Do total de respondentes, 61,8% concluíram uma pós-graduação e 79,9% trabalham em alguma área de atuação farmacêutica, sendo que a farmácia comunitária é a mais predominante (33,6%). A inserção no mercado de trabalho deu-se dias após a colação de grau para 48% dos egressos e a maioria (57,1%) estava satisfeita financeiramente com a renda. Quanto às competências desenvolvidas, os egressos mencionaram que a formação lhes permitiu desenvolver atividades voltadas ao Cuidado em Saúde (90,8%); à Tecnologia e inovação em saúde (83,7%); e à Gestão em Saúde (68,4%). A maioria (74,4%) revelou satisfação em relação aos aspectos relacionados à formação como corpo docente, conteúdo das disciplinas, recursos disponíveis para as aulas e a importância dos estágios para a formação. Os resultados demonstraram que o curso de Farmácia foi bem avaliado e o perfil dos egressos atende às Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais e à demanda social. Na atual conjuntura de desmonte e desfinanciamento da educação, os resultados fortalecem a relevância do ensino público de qualidade visando a formação de profissionais de saúde mais críticos e articulados com as necessidades da sociedade, no âmbito privado ou público.
Biodiversity of epiphytic marine macroalgae in Mexico: composition and current status
Authors: Quiroz-González Nataly , Aguilar-Estrada Luis G. , Acosta-Calderón Julio A. , Álvarez-Castillo Lucía , Arriola-Álvarez Fernando 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Marine epiphyte studies in Mexico, including macroalgae, are lacking in the published literature. Floristic studies have been mainly focused on identifying the algae growing on rocky substrata, and epiphytic algae have been recorded, but only occasionally. The aim of this work is to establish the current state of knowledge of the epiphytic macroalgae and their hosts on the Mexican coasts. A systematic revision of the literature published from 1950 to 2021 is also reported, the literature information is included, and the composition, species richness, current state of knowledge of the epiphytic marine macroalgae, and their relationship with the various marine Mexican ecoregions are reported. Sixty-one publications since 1950 included at least one record of epiphytic macroalgae. In this study, 615 species of epiphytic macroalgae and 224 species of hosts for Mexico are reported. This checklist will provide a baseline for future taxonomic and biogeographic studies of the epiphytic marine algae in the country.
Nano structured silver particles as green catalyst for remediation of methylene blue dye from water
Authors: De Anindita , Jain Preeti 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Anthropogenic dyes are one of the major pollutants often found in industrial wastewater. They are very stable as they contain robust aromatic moiety and are highly hazardous to human health and livelihood. There are several methods for the treatment of dye-containing wastewater. However, these techniques have severe limitations in terms of cost, the time required, and the generation of secondary waste. In this regard, silver nanoparticle-based catalysts can prove to be highly useful. In the present study, silver nanoparticles were synthesized by a green method, and the condition of synthesis was optimized by varying different parameters such as the concentration ratio of metal salt and plant extract, temperature, and pH of the reaction medium. The biogenic silver nanoparticles can act as a catalyst in the reductive degradation reaction of an anthropogenic dye (methylene blue) in the presence of sodium borohydride. The synthesized nanoparticles were highly active against methylene blue and degraded the dye within a few minutes. Thus, this work represents a very stable and efficient system for dye-containing wastewater treatment.
Influence of thermo-mechanical treatment in austenitic and ferritic field condition on microstructural and mechanical properties of reduced activation ferritic-martensitic steel
Authors: Putta Prakash , G V S Nageswara Rao 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
9Cr-1W-0.06Ta reduced activation ferritic-martensitic (RAFM) steel has been investigated in normalized and tempered (N + T) condition and in thermo-mechanically treated (TMT) in austenitic and ferritic field conditions. RAFM steel in N + T condition has a tempered martensitic structure (body-centred tetragonal, bct). It is unstable and will transfer into a stable body-centered cubic (bcc) in the structure during a long period subjected to high temperatures. To make it stable structure, the steel was subjected to austenitization at 1423 K for 10 min, and then cooled in still air (≈−1 K s−1) to 973 K and this temperature was maintained for 2 h in furnace to fully convert austenite into ferritic phase then the steel was subjected to 25% reduction in thickness by hot rolling. Optical, scanning and transmission electron microscopic investigations have been carried out to assess the microstructural changes of the steel N + T and TMT conditions. Hardness, tensile and creep studies are carried out and the results were correlated with the microstructural studies. TMT processed steel resulted in coarser prior austenite grains and exhibited ferrite in phase with fine distribution of M
23C6 and MX precipitates whereas N + T condition is subjected to tempered martensitic structure with coarser M
23C6 and MX precipitates. Even though ferrite phase present in TMT processed steel it exhibits higher tensile and creep strengths due to the presence of high dislocations and finer distribution of precipitates than the N + T condition.
m-Quinodimethane-based fused-ring triplet hydrocarbons
Authors: Shimizu Akihiro , Arikawa Shinobu , Morikoshi Tetsuya , Shintani Ryo 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Hydrocarbons with open-shell singlet and triplet ground states have long been studied. In contrast to studies of Kekulé hydrocarbons with an open-shell singlet ground state, studies of non-Kekulé and Kekulé hydrocarbons with a triplet ground state are quite limited, and no hydrocarbon with a triplet ground state has been isolated as single crystals. In this review, our work on the synthesis, isolation, and properties of m-quinodimethane-based non-Kekulé polycyclic hydrocarbon, a kinetically stabilized triangulene derivative, and Kekulé polycyclic hydrocarbon, a kinetically stabilized bisdibenzo[3,4:5,6]cyclohepta[1,2-a:2,1-d]benzene derivative, are described. Triplet ground states of these hydrocarbons were experimentally confirmed by ESR and magnetic measurements, and these are the first example of polycyclic hydrocarbons with a triplet ground state whose structures were characterized by X-ray crystal structural analysis. These studies will enable the development of various polycyclic hydrocarbon multi-radicals with high spin multiplicity.
The perception–production link varies with stages of L2 development and vowel properties
Authors: Cho Mi-Hui , Lee Shinsook 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This study investigates whether the perception–production link in phonological acquisition varies with stages of L2 development. It also examines whether the perception–production link for L2 vowels varies according to vowel properties, or whether the L2 vowels match or mismatch with L1 vowels. Korean learners of English in the UK were divided into more experienced and less experienced groups based on age of arrival and length of residence. The learners completed English vowel production, English vowel identification, and English–Korean vowel mapping tasks with English words (e.g., beat, bot). The intelligibility of their production and the accuracy of their vowel identification were assessed. Results show that only the more experienced learners’ perception and production were significantly correlated. Among L2 Standard Southern British English vowels similar to L1 Korean vowels (/i, ʌ, u/) only /i/ showed a significant correlation between perception and production, while among L2 vowels dissimilar to L1 vowels (/eɪ, ɘʊ, ɑ, ɒ/) only /ɑ/ showed a negative correlation, indicating that the correlation varied with vowel properties. The study contributes to the L2 phonological acquisition literature by exploring the perception–production link in terms of different stages of L2 development and L2 vowel properties.
Predictive Modeling to Identify Children With Complex Health Needs At Risk for Hospitalization
Authors: Ming David Y. , Zhao Congwen , Tang Xinghong , Chung Richard J. , Rogers Ursula A. , Stirling Andrew , Economou-Zavlanos Nicoleta J. , Goldstein Benjamin A. 
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND
Identifying children at high risk with complex health needs (CCHN) who have intersecting medical and social needs is challenging. This study’s objectives were to (1) develop and evaluate an electronic health record (EHR)-based clinical predictive model (“model”) for identifying high-risk CCHN and (2) compare the model’s performance as a clinical decision support (CDS) to other CDS tools available for identifying high-risk CCHN.

METHODS
This retrospective cohort study included children aged 0 to 20 years with established care within a single health system. The model development/validation cohort included 33 months (January 1, 2016–September 30, 2018) and the testing cohort included 18 months (October 1, 2018–March 31, 2020) of EHR data. Machine learning methods generated a model that predicted probability (0%–100%) for hospitalization within 6 months. Model performance measures included sensitivity, positive predictive value, area under receiver-operator curve, and area under precision-recall curve. Three CDS rules for identifying high-risk CCHN were compared: (1) hospitalization probability ≥10% (model-predicted); (2) complex chronic disease classification (using Pediatric Medical Complexity Algorithm [PMCA]); and (3) previous high hospital utilization.

RESULTS
Model development and testing cohorts included 116 799 and 27 087 patients, respectively. The model demonstrated area under receiver-operator curve = 0.79 and area under precision-recall curve = 0.13. PMCA had the highest sensitivity (52.4%) and classified the most children as high risk (17.3%). Positive predictive value of the model-based CDS rule (19%) was higher than CDS based on the PMCA (1.9%) and previous hospital utilization (15%).

CONCLUSIONS
A novel EHR-based predictive model was developed and validated as a population-level CDS tool for identifying CCHN at high risk for future hospitalization.