bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What are they in it for? Marginalised group members' perceptions of allies differ depending on the costs and rewards associated with their allyship
Authors: Thai Michael , Nylund Jarren L. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAdvantaged group allies can incur costs or rewards as a result of their allyship. The present work investigates whether such costs and rewards affect how marginalised group members perceive these allies. Across four experiments that collectively examine marginalised group members' perceptions of individual and corporate allies in the context of allyship for women's rights, Black Lives Matter and the LGBTQI+ community, we find that allies are perceived differently as a function of the costs and rewards associated with their allyship. Allies who face costs are perceived more positively in terms of tenacity and genuine motivations, and are generally evaluated more favourably compared to allies who do not face costs and those who, instead, garner rewards for their allyship. These findings demonstrate that marginalised group members are cognisant of the costs and rewards allies may reap, and that this information can shape their judgements of allies' investment in the cause.
The unintended consequences of semi‐autonomous revenue agencies
Authors: Mardan M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe past two decades have witnessed a fundamental change in how tax administrations are organized, from agencies within a ministry with little autonomy to organizations outside the institutional public service with separate legal status. This paper analyzes how a switch to a more autonomous tax administration affects a country's optimal tax system, consisting of the tax rate and the tax administration's effectiveness. I show that the creation of a more autonomous tax administration can have the unintended effect of dwarfing the tax administration's incentive to collect taxes in developing countries, adding a novel reason for the low tax revenue collections in developing countries.
Harmonized Portrait‐Background Image Composition
Authors: Wang Yijiang , Li Yuqi , Wang Chong , Ye Xulun 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPortrait‐background image composition is a widely used operation in selfie editing, video meeting, and other portrait applications. To guarantee the realism of the composited images, the appearance of the foreground portraits needs to be adjusted to fit the new background images. Existing image harmonization approaches are proposed to handle general foreground objects, thus lack the special ability to adjust portrait foregrounds. In this paper, we present a novel end‐to‐end network architecture to learn both the content features and style features for portrait‐background composition. The method adjusts the appearance of portraits to make them compatible with backgrounds, while the generation of the composited images satisfies the prior of a style‐based generator. We also propose a pipeline to generate high‐quality and high‐variety synthesized image datasets for training and evaluation. The proposed method outperforms other state‐of‐the‐art methods both on the synthesized dataset and the real composited images and shows robust performance in video applications.
Surgical management of broad‐based sessile vocal cord polyps: Transnasal vocal fold polypectomy versus microlaryngoscopic surgery: Our experience in 159 cases
Authors: Lin Shuchun , Lin Qin , Huang Xiaoting , Yu Qian , Wang Desheng 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectivesIn this study, we retrospectively reviewed and compared the treatment outcomes and complications of office transnasal vocal fold polypectomy (TVFP) with those of microplarygoscopic surgery (MLS) for different clinical and histopathological features of broad‐based sessile vocal fold polyps.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the records of 159 consecutive patients with broad‐based sessile vocal fold polyps treated by TVFP or MLS. The differences in efficacy and complication between these two surgical techniques were compared according to the different types of vocal fold polyps.ResultsSatisfactory outcomes of both TVFP and MLS treatments were reported in patients with oedematous, gelatinous and vascular types of vocal fold polyps (p > .05). The efficacy of TVFP was slightly worse than MLS in fibrous polyps group (p < .05). The TVFP‐treated patients did not exhibit obvious complications, whereas several MLS‐treated patients had suffered different complications.ConclusionThe therapeutic effects of both TVFP and MLS on the treatment of broad‐based sessile vocal cord polyps are related to their clinical characteristics and histological types. Satisfactory outcomes are achieved in oedematous, gelatinous, and vascular types of polyps after either surgical procedure. TVFP has fewer surgical complications than MLS which can be a preferred option for the treatment of broad‐based sessile vocal cord polyps at outpatient setting. TVFP also can be an alternative surgery option for patients who could not tolerate general anaesthesia or laryngeal suspension. In contrast, MLS has proven to be a particularly advantageous treatment in patients who have fibrous type of polyps.
Shedding light on eye disease in obesity: A review
Authors: Lam Shravika , Lindsey Jennifer , Carranza Leon Barbara Gisella , Takkouche Sahar 
Published: August 2023

SummaryObesity is known to be associated with numerous ocular manifestations, including but not limited to, diabetic retinopathy (DR), age‐related macular degeneration (AMD), cataracts, glaucoma, and dry eye disease. This review aims to provide an overview of the ophthalmological findings in obesity. A literature search was conducted using PubMed and Cochrane databases for studies describing randomized clinical trials, meta‐analyses, systematic reviews, and observational studies published from 1 January 2017 to 1 April 2023. The search terms used included relevant keywords such as ‘obesity’, ‘body mass index’, ‘waist‐to‐hip ratio’, ‘bariatric’, ‘ophthalmology’, ‘eye disease’, ‘myopia’, ‘retinopathy’, ‘glaucoma’, and ‘cataract’. This literature search was performed on 1 April 2023. Obesity is associated with increased risk of developing DR, a sight‐threatening complication of diabetes mellitus. Similarly, obesity has been shown to increase risk of AMD, cataracts, glaucoma, and ocular surface disease. Multiple mechanisms linking obesity to ophthalmic disease have been proposed. Adipose tissue produces various inflammatory cytokines that can affect ocular tissues, leading to disease progression. Additionally, obesity is associated with systemic metabolic changes that can influence ocular health. Bariatric surgery has been shown to be protective against development of ophthalmic disease. Obesity is a significant risk factor for several ophthalmological diseases. Healthcare providers should encourage weight loss in patients with overweight or obesity to prevent or delay the onset of ocular complications. Further research is needed to better understand the underlying mechanisms of this association, and to identify effective strategies for preventing or managing ophthalmic disease in patients with obesity.
Imaging and pathological characteristics, treatment, and prognosis of pulmonary sequestration—A retrospective study of 13 cases
Authors: Liu Xiangjin , Wu Rongqian , Zhu Shenyu , Gu Liang , Tang Zhixian 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to summarize and analyze the characteristics of pulmonary sequestration to improve our understanding of this disease.MethodsBetween January 2019 and April 2023, the clinical data of 13 patients with pulmonary sequestration underwent surgical treatment at the First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University.ResultsThe male‐to‐female ratio was 4:9, the age was 0.5 to 60 years, and the average age was 38 ± 19 years. There were 10 and 3 cases of intralobar and extralobar pulmonary sequestration, respectively. Chest enhanced computed tomography (CT) and three‐dimensional vascular reconstruction showed that the abnormal blood vessels were derived from the descending thoracic aorta in nine cases and from other blood vessels in four cases. Three patients underwent thoracoscopic lobectomy, two underwent thoracoscopic segmentectomy, and eight underwent thoracoscopic wedge resection. All the patients successfully completed the surgery and were discharged postoperatively.ConclusionsSome patients with pulmonary sequestration exhibit no obvious symptoms. Patients with clinical symptoms are easily confused for pneumonia, bronchial cysts, lung abscesses, and lung tumors; therefore, patients with pulmonary sequestration are prone to missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis. Currently, enhanced chest CT combined with three‐dimensional vascular reconstruction can accurately show the course, branches, and relationship with the mass of the feeding artery. Routine pathological examination is helpful to further clarify the diagnosis of pulmonary sequestration. Minimally invasive thoracoscopic surgery is the preferred treatment for patients with pulmonary sequestration. Surgical resection is safe and feasible, and satisfactory results are typically obtained.
The impact of Treosulfan‐based conditioning for inborn errors of immunity: Is dose monitoring crucial?
Authors: Ersoy Gizem Zengin , Çipe Funda , Fışgın Tunç , Aksoy Basak Adakli , Öner Özlem Başoğlu , Hashemi Nazlı , Aydoğdu Selime , Erdem Melek , Dikme Gürcan , Murat Koza , Bozkurt Ceyhun 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroductionIn children with inborn errors of immunity (IEI) who will receive a hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) treosulfan‐based conditioning is currently preferred. The aim of this study was to investigate early and late outcomes in pediatric IEI patients receiving pre‐HSCT treosulfan and to examine the effect of treosulfan dose monitoring on outcomes.MethodsSeventy‐three pediatric patients receiving this management between 2015 and 2022 were included.ResultsOverall survival rate was 80%, and event‐free survival was 67.8%. A larger treosulfan dose AUC after first application increased the rate of early toxicity (p = .034) and slowed lymphocyte engraftment (r = .290; p = .030). Underlying disease, treosulfan AUC, donor type, stem cell type, number of immunosuppressive agents, the dose of anti‐thymocyte globulin, and post‐transplantation cyclophosphamide did not to increase risk of acute graft‐versus‐host disease. The risk of mixed chimerism (MC) in patients with autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome and leukocyte adhesion deficiency were higher than those with severe combined immunodeficiency (p = .021 and p = .014, respectively). The risk of MC was lower in those receiving peripheral blood stem cells (SC) compared with bone marrow derived SC (OR = .204, p = .022).ConclusionThe AUC of the treosulfan dose was not associated with poorer late outcomes. Treosulfan is an agent that can be used safely in the IEI patient group, level measurement appears essential to identify early toxicities. Prospective studies with more extended follow‐up periods are needed.
Effect of baking treatment on quality, nonvolatile and volatile compounds of Liupao tea
Authors: Wei Huijie , Zhou Hailin , Huang Li , Zhang Qisong , Teng Jianwen , Wei Baoyao , Xia Ning , Qin Rongzhen , Zhu Pingchuan 
Published: August 2023

SummaryBaking treatment is commonly used to improve the aroma and taste of tea but its effects on Liupao tea are unknown. The quality, nonvolatile and volatile compounds of the stale‐aroma type Liupao tea (CX) and its baked tea (HB) were investigated. After baking, the bitterness and aftertaste‐bitterness of the tea infusion were reduced, the aroma of grass was increased, and the stale was weakened. Caffeine, (−)‐epigallocatechin, (−)‐epigallocatechin gallate, (−)‐epicatechin gallate, and gallic acid content decreased significantly. Significant lipid content down‐regulation was observed in the differential metabolites, but phosphatidylcholines accumulated after baking. According to GC–MS, the reduction of methoxy compound content after baking was critical in the reduction of CX stale aroma. HB newly generated 2,4‐decadienal and (E, E)‐2,4‐heptadienal, which may be related to linoleic and linolenic acid lipid oxidation. This study contributes to a better understanding of Liupao tea and the impact of baking treatment on improving Liupao tea quality.
Emergency care in the context of armed conflict: Nurses’ perspectives of the essential core competencies
Authors: Mani Zakaria A. , Kuhn Lisa , Plummer Virginia 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAimTo identify nurses’ perspectives of their core competencies for emergency care in the context of armed conflict.IntroductionEmergency department's (ED) capacity is frequently overwhelmed by a sudden surge of patients when located near armed conflict. Although emergency nurses are key frontline responders, evidence detailing core competencies needed to work in these areas remains limited.MethodThe study used a cross‐sectional survey design and is reported using STROBE guidelines. A validated questionnaire was administered in hospitals near the southern Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and Yemen border, where emergency nurses regularly manage large numbers of patients from armed conflict.ResultA total of 163 questionnaires were returned (68% response rate). Most participants were female and had more than six years of ED experience. The core competencies for emergency nurses working near armed conflict were identified and highly rated by participants: the highest mean value was 9.47/10 and the lowest was 8.89/10. Analysis revealed regular education, training and drills were needed to provide quality emergency nursing care for victims of armed conflict.Conclusion and implications for nursing and health policyThis study provides new evidence regarding core competencies in emergency nursing care in the context of armed conflict. The identified competencies should be incorporated into future education, curricula, training programmes and evaluations to enable emergency nurses to function effectively in the context of armed conflict. The findings will assist decision‐makers to develop plans and strategies for mitigating risk and improving the future nursing response in similar contexts.
Disruption of the Ghent effect: Disentangling structural and institutional determinants of union membership decline in Sweden, 2005–2010
Authors: Prytz Jesper , Berglund Tomas 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn 2007–2008, Sweden implemented changes to the Ghent system of unemployment insurance, leading to union density decline. We study the interaction of labour force composition and institutional changes, finding that the structural tendencies of the decline strongly interacts with these changes, exposing previous precarious categories even further.
Effect of incisional negative pressure therapy and conventional treatment on wound complications after orthopaedic trauma surgery: A meta‐analysis of randomized controlled studies
Authors: Li Ping , Li Junhong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe results of this meta‐analysis were applied to analyse the effects of Negative Pressure Wound Therapy (NPWT) and conventional dressings on post‐surgical outcomes after trauma in orthopaedics. Through June 2023, a full review of the literature has been carried out with the help of 4 databases, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and the Web of Science. The quality of the literature was evaluated according to the classification and exclusion criteria established for this trial, which led to an analysis of 9 related trials. The results included the injury was deeply and superficially infected, and the wound was dehiscence. The 95% confidence interval (CI) and odds ratios (OR) were computed by means of a fixed‐effect and a random‐effect model. Meta‐analyses were conducted with RevMan 5.3. There is no statistical significance between NPWT and routine therapy for deep wound infection (OR, 1.37; 95% CI, 0.82–2.27, p = 0.23); There was no difference in the incidence of inflammation in the wound than with conventional dressings (OR, 1.10; 95% CI, 0.84–1.45, p = 0.49); But NPWT was obviously superior to that of routine therapy in superficial wound infection (OR, 2.07; 95% CI, 1.32–3.25, p = 0.002) and wound dehiscence (OR, 2.44; 95% CI, 1.31–4.57, p = 0.005); But not with respect to wound exudate. therapy group, but no statistically significant difference was found with respect to wound exudation. (OR, 1.16; 95% CI, 0.86–1.57, p = 0.34). Given that some of the chosen trials are too small for this meta‐analysis, caution should be exercised when treating their values. More high‐quality research with a large sample is required in order to confirm the findings.
Quantitative sensory testing and skin biopsy findings in late‐onset ATTRv presymptomatic carriers: Relationships with predicted time of disease onset (PADO)
Authors: Leonardi Luca , Costanzo Rocco , Forcina Francesca , Morino Stefania , Antonini Giovanni , Salvetti Marco , Luigetti Marco , Romano Angela , Primiano Guido , Guglielmino Valeria , Fionda Laura , Garibaldi Matteo , Lauletta Antonio , Rossini Elena , Tufano Laura , Ceccanti Marco , Esposito Nicoletta , Falco Pietro , di Pietro Giuseppe , Truini Andrea , Galosi Eleonora 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroductionHereditary transthyretin amyloidosis polyneuropathy (ATTRv‐PN) presymptomatic carriers often show preclinical abnormalities at small fiber‐related diagnostic tests. However, no validated biomarker is currently available to use for presymptomatic carriers' follow‐up, thus helping therapeutic decision making. Our study aimed at assessing nerve conduction study (NCS), quantitative sensory testing (QST), and skin biopsy parameters in a large cohort of late‐onset ATTRv presymptomatic carriers and to evaluate whether they correlated with predicted age of disease onset (PADO).MethodsLate‐onset ATTRv presymptomatic carriers were consecutively enrolled and underwent NCS, QST, and skin biopsy with intraepidermal nerve fiber density (IENFD) evaluation from a distal and a proximal site. Douleur Neuropathique‐4 (DN4) and Small Fiber Neuropathy‐Symptoms Inventory (SFN‐SIQ) were used to assess painful and small fiber neuropathy‐related symptoms. PADO and time‐to‐PADO (delta‐PADO) were estimated for each carrier, and correlations with diagnostic test measures were analyzed.ResultsForty presymptomatic ATTRv subjects were enrolled. Twenty carriers (50%) had distal IENFD reduction, with a non‐length‐dependent distribution in 73% of cases. Eleven subjects (27.5%) had cold and/or warm detection threshold (CDT and/or WDT) abnormalities at QST. Delta‐PADO positively correlated with sural sensory nerve action potential (SNAP) amplitude (r = .416, p = .004), and z‐values of QST parameters like CDT (r = .314, p = .028), WDT (r = −.294, p = .034), and mechanical detection threshold (MDT; r = −.382, p = .012). Simple linear regression models showed a linear relation between delta‐PADO and sural SAP, CDT, and MDT.ConclusionsOur findings confirm that IENFD reduction and QST abnormalities may occur early in ATTRv presymptomatic carriers, often with a non‐length‐dependent pattern. However, only sural SAP amplitude and QST parameters correlated with delta‐PADO, suggesting that serial combined QST and NCS evaluation could be useful in ATTRv presymptomatic carriers' follow‐up.
HIF‐1α is positively associated with endometrial receptivity by regulating PKM2
Authors: Liang Lixia , Yang Yang , Yang Lin , Zhang Xiuping , Xu Suming , Liu Yanling , Wu Xueqing , Chao Lan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPurposeNumerous advancements have been introduced into the field of assisted reproductive technology (ART) in the past four decades. Nonetheless, implantation failure is still a key limiting step for a successful pregnancy. Building of endometrial receptivity (ER) is essential for successful implantation. However, the fundamental biological processes and mechanisms of ER remain elusive. Our study investigates the function of hypoxia inducible factor‐1α (HIF‐1α) during ER establishment and shed lights on the novel molecular mechanism by which HIF‐1α regulates ER‐related gene expression network.MethodsLevels of HIF‐1α, homeobox A10 (HOXA10), insulin‐like growth factor‐binding protein 1 (IGFBP1), pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2), and lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA) in endometrial tissues were measured via real‐time PCR, immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry. The correlation between HIF‐1α and HOXA10, IGFBP1, PKM2, LDHA were analyzed separately. Ishikawa cells were treated with vector HIF‐1α, HIF‐1α‐siRNA, and PKM2‐siRNA. After transfection, the levels of HOXA10, IGFBP1, LDHA, and PKM2 were measured via real‐time PCR and immunoblotting, and the lactate concentrations and cell migration of Ishikawa cells were measured.ResultsLevels of HIF‐1α, IGFBP1, HOXA10, LDHA, and PKM2 were significantly decreased in recurrent implantation failure (RIF) patients and levels of HOXA10, IGFBP1, PKM2, and LDHA were correlated with HIF‐1α in endometrium. Then in a cellular model established by HIF‐1α vector and HIF‐1α‐siRNA, the expression of HOXA10, IGFBP1, LDHA, PKM2, and lactate concentrations were dramatically upregulated and downregulated. And the expression of HOXA10, and IGFBP1 were dramatically decreased by PKM2‐siRNA.ConclusionsHIF‐1α plays a crucial role in the building of ER through regulating glycolysis.
Comparative analyses of fiscal sustainability of the budgetary policy rules
Authors: Futagami Koichi , Konishi Kunihiko 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe construct a continuous‐time overlapping generations model with an endogenous growth structure and consider fiscal sustainability under two fiscal rules: (i) the government fixes the budget deficit‐to‐GDP ratio and (ii) the government fixes the primary balance‐to‐GDP ratio. Under the constant budget deficit‐to‐GDP rule, fiscal sustainability is ensured when the initial public debt‐to‐GDP and budget deficit‐to‐GDP ratios are sufficiently small. Under the constant primary balance‐to‐GDP rule, it is difficult to ensure fiscal sustainability when the primary balance is in deficit or zero. However, fiscal sustainability is ensured when the primary balance is in surplus and the initial government debt‐to‐GDP ratio is sufficiently small.
The nurse bombarded, consumed and vulnerable: An interpretative phenomenological analysis of mental health nurses' self‐care at work
Authors: O'Malley Maria , O'Mahony James , Happell Brenda , Mulcahy Helen 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroductionSelf‐care is essential for nurses' wellbeing, with stress posing a major barrier. Research into self‐care is often absorbed into studies of burnout or resilience. Understanding lived experiences of influences on nurses' self‐care practices is essential. There is currently a paucity of literature on this topic.AimTo explore mental health nurses' views about what influences their ability to self‐care in relation to workplace stress and the impact on their practice and work environment.MethodsAn Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis approach was utilized. In‐depth interviews explored how nurses perceived the influence of environment and relationships on self‐care practices in the workplace.ResultsParticipants' perceptions and experiences are embodied by the theme: the nurse bombarded, comprising two subordinate themes—the nurse consumed by the intensity of work and therapeutic relationships; and feeling vulnerable from colleague relationships and feeling undervalued. Participants described conflict between workload demands and expectations and the desire to provide optimal care.ConclusionsStressful working environments pose major barriers to effective self‐care. Feeling bombarded and vulnerable, impacts nurses' lives personally and professionally.Implications for PracticeMental health nurses' self‐care is crucial for quality practice. Strategies to address relational, personal and environmental barriers to self‐care are therefore necessary.