bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical characteristics and outcome of COVID-19 patients with Parkinson’s disease: a hospital-based case–control study in Shanghai, China
Authors: Wu Li , Shen Jun , Jiang Yuhan , Shen Xiaolei , Wang Ping , Nie Xin , Kang Wenyan , Liu Jianren , Chen Wei 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundClinical manifestations of Parkinson’s disease (PD) after Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection are poorly investigated.ObjectiveWe aimed to explore the clinical features and outcomes of hospitalized PD patients with COVID-19.MethodsA total of 48 PD patients and 96 age-and sex-matched non-PD patients were included. Demographics, clinical characteristics and outcomes were compared between two groups.ResultsPD patients with COVID-19 were elderly (76.69 ± 9.21 years) with advanced stage (H-Y stage 3–5 as 65.3%). They had less clinical symptoms (nasal obstruction, etc.), more proportions of severe/critical COVID-19 clinical classification (22.9 vs. 1.0%, p &lt; 0.001), receiving oxygen (29.2 vs. 11.5%, p = 0.011), antibiotics (39.6 vs. 21.9%, p = 0.031) therapies, as well as longer hospitalization duration (11.39 vs. 8.32, p = 0.001) and higher mortality (8.3% vs. 1.0%, p = 0.001) relative to those without PD. Laboratory results showed that the PD group had higher white blood cell counts (6.29 vs. 5.16*109, p = 0.001), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (3.14 vs. 2.11, p &lt; 0.001) and C-reactive protein level (12.34 vs. 3.19, p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionPD patients with COVID-19 have insidious clinical manifestation, elevated proinflammatory markers and are prone to the development of severe/critical condition, contributing to a relatively poor prognosis. Early identification and active treatment of COVID-19 are pivotal to advanced PD patients during the pandemic.
Case report: Medulla oblongata and cervical cord reperfusion injury after intracranial vertebral artery angioplasty and stenting
Authors: Wang Guiping , Zuo Bo , Jia Jia , Huang Jinlong , Xi Gangming , Yang Zhigang 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundWhite cord syndrome is an uncommon complication characterized by delayed neurologic deterioration with no other identified cause after spinal decompression surgery. Its etiology is attributed to spinal cord reperfusion injury. Here, we present the first case of an extended version of white cord syndrome, with concomitant involvement of the medulla oblongata and cervical cord reperfusion injury after intracranial vertebral artery angioplasty and stenting.Case presentationA 56-year-old male suffered an ischemic stroke in the right anteromedial medulla oblongata. Angiography revealed bilateral vertebral artery stenosis in the intracranial segment. We performed elective left vertebral artery angioplasty and stenting. An intraoperative flow arrest in the left VA occurred and was stopped after the withdrawal of the catheter. Several hours after the operation, the patient developed occipital headache, back neck pain, dysarthria, and worsening left-sided hemiplegia. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed hyperintensity and swelling in the medulla oblongata and cervical cord, in addition to small medullary infarction. A digital subtraction angiography revealed intact vertebrobasilar arteries and patency of the left vertebral artery, left posterior inferior cerebellar artery, and implanted stent. We considered that the reperfusion injury had caused the complication. After treatment, the patient’s symptoms and neurologic deficits greatly improved. He achieved a favorable outcome at the 1-year follow-up, with normal intensity restored in the medulla oblongata and cervical cord on magnetic resonance imaging.ConclusionConcomitant reperfusion injury in the medulla oblongata and cervical cord secondary to vertebral artery angioplasty and stenting is extremely rare. However, this potentially devastating complication requires early recognition and prompt treatment. Maintaining the antegrade flow during vertebral artery endovascular treatment is a precaution against reperfusion injury.
A case report of a chronic migraine patient treated with three different anti-CGRP monoclonal antibodies: which parameters better represent the efficacy?
Authors: Uzun Sena , Frejvall Ulf , Özkaya-Sahin Gülsen , Sahin Gürdal 
Published: May 2023

ObjectiveTo report the efficacy of different anti-calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) on headache frequency, intensity, and duration.BackgroundBlockade of CGRP receptors or neuropeptide with anti-CGRP mAbs have been successfully used for several years for the prevention of chronic and episodic migraine. The response is usually assessed by improvement seen in the number of days with headache per month. However, clinical praxis indicates that sole reliance on the frequency of headaches might be insufficient to interpret the efficacy of these treatments.MethodsRetrospective review of a case with a meticulous headache diary who has tried three different anti-CGRP mAbs for chronic migraine prevention.ResultsThe patient has been diagnosed with chronic migraine and was first treated with erenumab, followed by fremanezumab and thereafter galcanezumab due to several reasons. In addition to significant improvement in all three parameters analyzed with anti-CGRP mAb treatment, the most important and valuable effect on the patient's quality of life was decreased duration and frequency of headaches. At present, the patient is receiving fremanezumab treatment with an excellent tolerability.ConclusionThere is a clear need for careful follow-up and detailed daily records of headaches showing the frequency, duration, and severity for the evaluation of anti-CGRP mAbs treatment. This study shows the importance of this information in order for medical professionals to make an informed decision regarding the best course of anti-CGRP mAbs treatment in cases of side effects or lack of efficacy.
Calorie-restricted diet mitigates weight gain and metabolic abnormalities in obese women with schizophrenia: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Zhang Lei , Zhu Mingwen , Liu Xiangqun , Zhao Zhijun , Han Ping , Lv Luxian , Yang Chun , Han Yong 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundObesity is a prevalent health problem in patients with schizophrenia, and calorie restriction diet (CRD) achieved effective weight loss and metabolic improvement; however, these have not been rigorously evaluated in obese patients with schizophrenia.ObjectiveTo measure the effects of CRD on weight loss and metabolic status in hospitalized obese women with schizophrenia during a 4-week period.MethodsParticipants were randomly assigned to two groups in a 1:1 ratio. The intervention group (n = 47) was asked to follow a CRD and the control group (n = 48) a normal diet for 4 weeks. Outcomes of body weight, body composition, as well as metabolic parameters were measured at baseline and following the intervention period.ResultsForty-five participants completed the 4-week research in both the intervention and control groups. Compared to the normal diet, adherence to the CRD significantly decreased body weight (2.38 ± 1.30 kg), body mass index (0.94 ± 0.52 kg/m2), waist circumference (4.34 ± 2.75 cm), hip circumference (3.37 ± 2.36 cm), mid-upper circumferences, triceps skin-fold thickness, fat mass and free fat mass with large effect sizes (p = &lt;0.001, ηp2 range between 0.145 and 0.571), as well as total cholesterol (0.69 ± 0.70 mmol/L) with a medium effect size (p = 0.028, ηp2 = 0.054). There were no differences between the CRD and control groups in terms of pre-post changes in triglycerides, high- and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterols, as well as systolic and diastolic blood pressures (p &gt; 0.05).ConclusionCRD is preventative of weight gain, but not apparent in intervention for metabolic status in hospitalized obese women with schizophrenia.Clinical trial registration: http://www.chictr.org.cn, ChiCTR-INR-16009185.
Synergistic effects of overweight/obesity and high hemoglobin A1c status on elevated high-sensitivity C-reactive protein in Chinese adults: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Shen Qianqian , He Tingchao , Li Ting , Szeto Ignatius Man-Yau , Mao Shuai , Zhong Wuxian , Li Pin , Jiang Hua , Zhang Yumei 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundHigh-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) is an inflammatory marker that has been suggested as a predictor of cardiovascular diseases. High glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels and overweight/obesity are independently associated with elevated hs-CRP; meanwhile, high HbA1c levels are frequently accompanied by overweight or obesity. However, their joint effect on elevated hs-CRP levels has not been well-established. Therefore, we evaluated whether overweight/obesity modified the association between high HbA1c levels and elevated hs-CRP.MethodsBased on cross-sectional data from the Chinese Urban Adults Diet and Health Study (CUADHS) in 2016, we included 1,630 adults aged 18–75 years (mean age 50.16 years and 33.6% male). Elevated hs-CRP was defined as serum hs-CRP ≥ 3 and &lt;10 mg/L. The interactive effects of BMI and HbA1c levels on the risk of elevated hs-CRP levels were calculated by using multiple logistic regression models, followed by strata-specific analyses.ResultsIndividuals with elevated hs-CRP had a higher rate of HbA1c level than those without elevated (25.3 vs. 11.3%, P &lt; 0.001), as well as a higher rate of overweight/obesity (67.1 vs. 43.5%, P &lt; 0.001). Higher HbA1c levels were independently associated with an increased risk of elevated hs-CRP [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 2.31, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.47, 3.65], as well as overweight/obesity with the risk of elevated hs-CRP (aOR = .31, 95% confidenc–3.73). Furthermore, overweight/obesity showed a significant synergistic effect on high HbA1c levels with a higher aOR of 5.25 (2.77, 9.95) (Pinteraction &lt; 0.001). This synergistic effect was more prominent when stratified by age (in 18–44 years old, aOR, 95% CI = 30.90, 4.40–236.47 for interaction vs. 6.46, 1.38–30.23 for high HbA1c only) and gender (in women, aOR, 95% CI = 8.33, 3.80–18.23 for interaction vs. 2.46,1.38–4.40 for high HbA1c only).ConclusionThere are synergistic effects of high HbA1c levels and overweight/obesity on the risk of elevated hs-CRP in Chinese adults, with more significant effects in adults aged 18–44 years or females. Intervention strategies for preventing high blood glucose levels and body weight simultaneously may be important for reducing hs-CRP-related diseases. Further studies are needed to confirm this finding in other populations, and its molecular mechanisms need to be elucidated.
Clinicopathological features of papillary thyroid carcinoma in HIV-infected patients
Authors: Liu Jia , Wu Deqian , Zhu Jinxin , Dong Su 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundPapillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common endocrine malignancy, with an increasing incidence over the last decades. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-induced immune deficiency was one of risk factors for cancer tumorigenesis and development. The aim of this study was to describe the clinicopathological features of PTC in HIV-infected patients and discuss possible connections between PTC and HIV infection.MethodsA total of 17670 patients from September 2009 to April 2022 who underwent PTC surgery for the first time were analyzed retrospectively. At last, 10 patients of PTC with HIV infection (HIV-positive group) and 40 patients without HIV infection (HIV-negative group) were included. The differences in general data and clinicopathological characteristics between the HIV-positive group and the HIV-negative group were analyzed.ResultsThere were statistically significant differences in age and gender between the HIV-positive group and the HIV-negative group (P&lt;0.05), and males and &lt;55 years old accounted for a higher proportion in the HIV-positive group. The differences in tumor diameter and capsular invasion between the HIV-positive group and HIV-negative group were statistically significant (P&lt;0.05). Meanwhile, in terms of extrathyroid extension (ETE), lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis, the HIV-positive group were significantly higher than the HIV-negative group (P&lt;0.001).ConclusionHIV infection was a risk factor for larger tumors, more severe ETE, more lymph node metastasis, and more distant metastasis. HIV infection could promote PTC proliferation and make PTC more aggressive. Many factors such as tumor immune escape, secondary infection, etc. may are responsible for these effects. More attention and more thorough treatment should be paid to these patients.
Prognostic role of C-reactive protein to albumin ratio in cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a meta-analysis
Authors: Dai Menglu , Wu Wei 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundThere are numerous articles investigating whether C-reactive protein to albumin ratio (CAR) is significant for predicting prognosis of cancer cases receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), whereas the results were inconsistent. We thus retrieved the literature and conducted the present meta-analysis for clarifying relation of CAR with survival outcomes among ICI-treated cancer patients.MethodsThrough search against the Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases was carried out. The search was updated on 11 December 2022. This work later determined the combined hazard ratios (HRs) together with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for estimating CAR for its prognostic efficiency for overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in cancer patients receiving ICIs.ResultsA total of 11 studies consisting of 1,321 cases were enrolled into the present meta-analysis. As revealed by combined data, the increased CAR level markedly predicted dismal OS (HR = 2.79, 95% CI = 1.66–4.67, p &lt; 0.001) together with shortened PFS (HR = 1.95, 95% CI = 1.25–3.03, p = 0.003) among carcinoma cases using ICIs. The prognostic effect of CAR was not influenced by clinical stage or study center. Our result reliability was suggested by sensitivity analysis and publication bias test.ConclusionsHigh CAR expression showed marked relation to worse survival outcomes among ICI-treated cancer cases. CAR is easily available and cost effective, which can be the potential biomarker for selecting cancer cases benefiting from ICIs.
The global research of microbiota in colorectal cancer screening: a bibliometric and visualization analysis
Authors: Zhen Junhai , Liu Chuan , Liao Fei , Zhang Jixiang , Xie Huabing , Tan Cheng , Dong Weiguo 
Published: May 2023

AimsWe conducted bibliometric and visualization analyses to evaluate the current research status, hotspots, and trends related to the human microbiota markers in colorectal cancer screening.MethodsThe related studies were acquired from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database on 5 January 2023. Analyses of the co-occurrence and cooperation relationships between the cited authors, institutions, countries/regions, cited journals, cited articles, and keywords in the studies were carried out using CiteSpace 5.8.R3 software and the Online Analysis platform of Literature Metrology. Additionally, relevant knowledge graphs were drawn to perform visualization analyses; a keywords cluster analysis and a burst analysis were also conducted.ResultsAfter analyzing 700 relevant articles, this bibliometric analysis found that the annual publications showed an increasing trend from 1992 to 2022. Yu Jun from the Chinese University of Hong Kong had the highest cumulative number of publications, whereas Shanghai Jiao Tong University was the most productive institution. China and the USA have contributed the largest number of studies. The keywords frequency analysis demonstrated that “colorectal cancer,” “gut microbiota,” “Fusobacterium nucleatum,” “risk,” and “microbiota” were the most frequent keywords, and the keywords cluster analysis found that the current hotspots were as follows: (a) the precancerous lesions of colorectal cancer (CRC) that need to be screened, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and advanced adenoma, (b) the gut-derived microbiome for CRC screening, and (c) the early detection of CRC. The burst analysis further showed that the combination of microbiomics with metabolomics might be the future research trend in the field of CRC screening.ConclusionThe findings of the current bibliometric analysis firstly provide an insight into the current research status, hotspots, and future trends in the field of CRC screening based on the microbiome; the research in this field is becoming more in-depth and diversified. Some human microbiota markers, especially “Fusobacterium nucleatum,” are promising biomarkers in CRC screening, and a future hotspot might be the combined analysis of microbiomics and metabolomics for CRC risk screening.
Risk factors for postoperative complications after pheochromocytoma and/or paraganglioma: a single-center retrospective study
Authors: Ma Lulu , Yu Xuerong , Huang Yuguang 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundPerioperative complications are higher in patients with pheochromocytoma and/or paraganglioma. The aim of this study was to identify the risk factors of postoperative complications after pheochromocytoma and/or paraganglioma resection surgery.MethodWe retrospectively reviewed 438 patients who underwent laparoscopic or open surgery for pheochromocytoma and/or paraganglioma at our center between January 2014 and December 2019. Demographic characteristics and intraoperative and postoperative data were recorded. Complications were defined as deviations from the normal postoperative course and Clavien–Dindo classification was used to grade the severity of postoperative complication. Patients with complications of grade II or above were included for analysis. Binary logistic regression was used to determine the risk factors for postoperative complications.ResultsThe median age of the patients was 47 years old. There were 295 cases (67.4%) of phepchromocytoma and 143 cases (32.6%) of paraganglioma. Three hundred sixty-seven (87.8%) patients had laparoscopic approach, and 55 (12.6%) patients had laparotomy; the conversion rate from laparoscopy to laparotomy was 3.7%. Eighty-seven complications occurred in 65 patients (14.8%). No death occurred in our study and transfusion (36, 8.2%) was the most common complication. The mean follow-up length was 14 months. Independent risk factors for postoperative complications included a tumor size larger than 5.6 cm (OR = 2.427, 95% CI 1.284–4.587, P = 0.006), laparotomy (OR 2.590, 95% CI 1.230–5.453, P = 0.012), conversion to laparotomy (OR = 8.384, 95% CI 2.247–31.285, P = 0.002), and the operation time longer than 188 min (OR = 3.709, 95% CI 1.847–7.450, P &lt; 0.001).ConclusionComplications were not uncommon after pheochromocytoma and/or paraganglioma surgery. Tumor size, surgical type, and operation time were determined as the risk factors for postoperative complications. These factors should be considered to improve perioperative management.
Radiation dose-event relationship after intraoperative radiotherapy as a boost in patients with breast cancer
Authors: Cho Yeona , Kim Jun Won , Chang Jee Suk , Kim Ji Young , Ahn Sung Gwe , Bae Soong June , Jeong Joon , Lee Ik Jae 
Published: May 2023

PurposeIntraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) can be used as a boost in combination with external whole breast irradiation. This study reports the clinical and dosimetric factors associated with IORT-related adverse events (AE).Methods and materialsBetween 2014 and 2021, 654 patients underwent IORT. A single fraction of 20 Gy was prescribed to the surface of the tumour cavity using the mobile 50-kV X-ray source. For skin dose measurement, at least four optically stimulated luminescent dosimeter (OSLD) chips were annealed and attached to the skin edge in the superior, inferior, medial, and lateral locations during IORT. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify factors associated with IORT-related AE.ResultsWith a median follow-up period of 42 months, 7 patients experienced local recurrence, resulting in a 4-year local failure-free survival rate of 97.9%. The median skin dose measured by OSLD was 3.85 Gy (range, 0.67–10.89 Gy), and a skin dose of &gt; 6 Gy was observed in 38 patients (2%). The most common AE was seroma (90 patients, 13.8%). We also found that 25 patients (3.9%) experienced fat necrosis during follow-up, and among them, 8 patients underwent biopsy or excision to exclude local recurrence. IORT-related late skin injury occurred in 14 patients, and a skin dose &gt; 6 Gy was significantly associated with IORT-induced skin injury (odds ratio 4.942, 95% confidence interval 1.294–18.871, p = 0.019).ConclusionsIORT was safely administered as a boost to various populations of patients with breast cancer. However, several patients may experience severe skin injuries, and for older patients with diabetes, IORT should be performed with caution.
Clinical characteristics and risk factors for 30-day mortality in esophageal cancer patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding: a multicenter study
Authors: Lu Sz-Wei , Pai Chu-Pin , Yang Ting-Hao , Lu Jian-Xun , Hsiao Chien-Han , Yen Chieh-Ching 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundEsophageal cancer is a highly malignant neoplasm with poor prognosis. Of its patients, upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) is one of the most challenging and threatening conditions in the emergency department (ED). However, no previous studies have analyzed the etiologies and clinical outcomes in this specific population. This study aimed to identify the clinical characteristics and risk factors for 30-day mortality in esophageal cancer patients with UGIB.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study enrolled 249 adult patients with esophageal cancer presenting with UGIB in the ED. Patients was divided into the survivor and non-survivor groups, and their demographic information, medical history, comorbidities, laboratory parameters, and clinical findings were recorded. The factors associated with 30-day mortality were identified using Cox’s proportional hazard model.ResultsAmong the 249 patients in this study, 30-day mortality occurred in 47 patients (18.9%). The most common causes of UGIB were tumor ulcer (53.8%), followed by gastric/duodenal ulcer (14.5%), and arterial-esophageal fistula (AEF) (12.0%). Multivariate analyses indicated that underweight (HR = 2.02, p = 0.044), history of chronic kidney disease (HR = 6.39, p &lt; 0.001), active bleeding (HR = 2.24, p = 0.039), AEF (HR = 2.23, p = 0.046), and metastatic lymph nodes (HR = 2.99, p = 0.021) were independent risk factors for 30-day mortality.ConclusionsThe most common cause of UGIB in esophageal cancer patients was tumor ulcer. AEF, accounting for 12% of UGIB in our study, is not an uncommon cause. Underweight, underlying chronic kidney disease, active bleeding, AEF, and tumor N stage &gt; 0 were independent risk factors for 30-day mortality.