bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Negative partisanship and the populist radical right: The case of Norway
Authors: Bjånesøy Lise 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWith the rise and influence of populist radical right (PRR) parties in Western European democracies, research has focused on explaining the PRR vote. We know less about the reasons why many people would never vote for these parties. Recent research has pointed out that negative partisanship may be particularly prominent in the case of PRR parties. This study contributes to that line of research. It demonstrates that the PRR Progress Party in Norway has the highest share of negative partisanship of all parties in the system. Novel analysis of open‐ended responses reveal that negative partisans react against both the party's policies and rhetorical style. The analysis reveals that negative partisans mirror voters of the PRR only to some extent. Notably, they emphasize disagreements with the party's views on humanity, and with environmental and economic policies. Political style is also a considerable source of negative PRR partisanship and is more important to account for never voting than to account for the support for these parties. The findings underscore that the study of negative partisanship contributes to a fuller account of patterns of PRR electoral performance and particularly its limitations.
Incidence, mortality, survival, and disease burden of breast cancer in China compared to other developed countries
Authors: Tao Xuetong , Li Tong , Gandomkar Ziba , Brennan Patrick C. , Reed Warren M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBreast cancer was the most diagnosed malignant neoplasm and the second leading cause of cancer mortality among Chinese females in 2020. Increased risk factors and widespread adoption of westernized lifestyles have resulted in an upward trend in the occurrence of breast cancer. Up to date knowledge on the incidence, mortality, survival, and burden of breast cancer is essential for optimized cancer prevention and control. To better understand the status of breast cancer in China, this narrative literature review collected data from multiple sources, including studies obtained from the PubMed database and text references, national annual cancer report, government cancer database, Global Cancer Statistics 2020, and Global Burden of Disease study (2019). This review provides an overview of the incidence, mortality, and survival rates of breast cancer, as well as a summary of disability‐adjusted life years associated with breast cancer in China from 1990 to 2019, with comparisons to Japan, South Korea, Australia and the United States.
Co‐designing a peer‐led model of delivering behavioural activation for people living with depression or low mood in Australian farming communities
Authors: Kennedy Alison J. , Gunn Kate M. , Duke Sonya , Jones Martin , Brown Ellie , Barnes Kelly , Macdonald Joanna , Brumby Susan , Versace Vincent L. , Gray Richard 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIntroductionFarmers face a range of factors that negatively influence their mental health and suicide risk, yet have limited access to appropriate support. Behavioural activation (BA) is an evidence‐based therapy that can be effectively delivered by nonclinical workers. Working with members of farming communities to deliver BA to their peers has the potential to overcome many well‐established barriers to mental health help‐seeking and improve outcomes for this at‐risk group.ObjectiveThis paper describes the findings of a co‐design phase informing the development of a peer (farmer)‐led approach for delivering BA for farmers living with depression or low mood.DesignThis qualitative study used a co‐design approach involving members of the target community. Focus groups were transcribed and analysed using Thematic Analysis and the Framework approach.FindingsTen online focus groups with 22 participants were held over 3 months. Four overarching, interlinked themes were identified: (i) filling the gap in rural mental health support; (ii) alignment with the farming context—tailoring how, where and when we engage about mental health; (iii) the ‘messenger’ is as important as the message; and (iv) sustainability, governance and support.DiscussionFindings suggest BA could be a contextually appropriate model of support for the farming community—given its practical and solution‐focused approach—and could help improve access to support. Having peer workers deliver the intervention was viewed as appropriate. Ensuring governance structures are developed to support peers to deliver the intervention will be essential to facilitate effectiveness, safety and sustainability.ConclusionInsights gained through co‐design have been critical to the success of developing this new model of support for members of farming communities experiencing depression or low mood.
Utility of CT colonography and/or PET‐CT preoperatively in obstructing left‐sided colorectal cancers – a systematic review
Authors: McGarry Jennifer , Ng Zi Qin , Ryan Fintan , Theophilus Mary 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPurpose15–20% of patients present with near obstructing left‐sided colorectal cancer. CT colonography (CTC) or PET‐CT has been used to detect synchronous lesions, which may alter preoperative planning of colonic resection. We aim to synthesize the usefulness of CT colonography and/or PET‐CT in detecting synchronous proximal colon carcinomas in patients who have undergone an incomplete colonoscopy due to a stenosing or obstructing distal colorectal cancer.MethodologyA systematic review was performed by searching the databases up to December 2021. Data collected included demographics of the study population, rate of detection of synchronous carcinomas and impact on management of detection of synchronous carcinomas.ResultsA total of 22 studies were included: 17 studies focused on CTC, 3 on PET‐CT, and 2 integrated PET‐CT with CTC; 2855 patients were included; 53% of patients were male, and 47% were female. All studies reported detection of synchronous proximal colorectal carcinomas using CTC, PET‐CT or CTC, and PET‐CT combined. CTC detected synchronous carcinomas in 0.2–12.2% of patients. PET‐CT was useful in detecting synchronous carcinomas in 4.05–23% of patients. Integrated PET‐CT and CTC detected synchronous carcinomas in 2–15% of patients. The surgical plan was changed in 2.4–14.3% of patients after the use of CTC. One PET‐CT study reported a change in management in 13.5%. No complication was reported by the use of CTC.ConclusionCTC is an effective and useful adjunct to colonoscopy in assessing the proximal colon when colonoscopy fails to do so. However, more evidence is needed with the use of PET‐CT for this patient population.
A pilot study: intraoperative 16S rRNA sequencing versus culture in predicting colorectal incisional surgical site infection
Authors: Vishnoi Veral , Hoedt Emily C. , Gould Tiffany , Carroll Georgia , Carroll Rosemary , Lott Natalie , Pockney Peter , Smith Stephen R. , Keely Simon 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundSurgical Site Infection (SSI) of the abdominal incision is a dreaded complication following colorectal surgery. Identifying the intraoperative surgical site microbes may provide clarity in the pathogenesis of SSIs. Genomic sequencing has revolutionized the ability to identify microbes from clinical samples. Utilization of 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing to characterize the intraoperative surgical site may provide the critical information required to predict and prevent infection in colorectal surgery.MethodsThis is a pilot, prospective observational study of 50 patients undergoing elective colorectal resection. At completion of surgery, prior to skin closure, swabs were taken from the subcutaneous tissue of the abdominal incision to investigate the microbial profile. Dual swabs were taken to compare standard culture technique and 16S rRNA sequencing to establish if a microbial profile was associated with postoperative SSI.Results8/50 patients developed an SSI, which was more likely in those undergoing open surgery (5/15 33.3% versus 3/35, 8.6%; P = 0.029). 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing was more sensitive in microbial detection compared to traditional culture. Both culture and 16S rRNA demonstrated contamination of the surgical site, predominantly with anaerobes. Culture was not statistically predictive of infection. 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing was not statistically predictive of infection, however, it demonstrated patients with an SSI had an increased biodiversity (not significant) and a greater relative abundance (not significant) of pathogens such as Bacteroidacaea and Enterobacteriaceae within the intraoperative site.Conclusions16S rRNA amplicon sequencing has demonstrated a potential difference in the intraoperative microbial profile of those that develop an infection. These findings require validation through powered experiments to determine the overall clinical significance.
Coronavirus disease 2019 vaccine in pediatric post‐kidney transplantation
Authors: Ajlan Aziza A , Aleid Hassan , Ali Tariq , DeVol Edward , Marquez Kris Ann Hervera , Aldhaferi Rezqah , Karar Enaam Magzoub , Mohammed Amir Eltayeb Ismail , Tiba Majid , Fajji Layal , Aldakhil Haifa , Al‐Awwami Moheeb , Almslam Maha Saud , Assiri Abdallah , Algoufi Talal , Broering Dieter C 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) infections and the resulting disease, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), have spread to millions of persons worldwide. Many vaccines have been developed; however, their efficacy in pediatric solid organ transplant recipients is yet to be determined.MethodsThis is a prospective observational, non‐interventional single‐center study on the safety and efficacy of a COVID‐19 vaccine (BNT162b2) in pediatric kidney transplant recipients. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate immunogenicity according to SARS‐CoV‐2‐specific neutralizing antibody titer after two vaccine doses. The secondary aims were to investigate the safety of the vaccines, solicited local and systemic adverse reactions, incidence of COVID‐19 post‐vaccination, and effects on transplant graft function. Baseline investigations were conducted on pediatric renal transplant recipients, and recruited participants were advised to have the Comirnaty® mRNA vaccine according to protocol.ResultsA total of 48 patients (male, n = 31, 64.6%; female, n = 17, 35.4%), median age 14 [12–16] years were included, and all received two doses of the vaccine. The vaccine had a favorable safety and side‐effect profile. The S‐antibody titer of all patients ranged between .4 and 2,500 U/ml and was > 50 U/ml in 89% of the patients. No difference in the measured antibody immune response was noted between infected and uninfected children. No major side effects were reported.ConclusionThe vaccine had a favorable safety profile in 12‐ to 15‐year‐old kidney transplant recipients, producing a greater measured antibody response than that in older transplant recipients.
The reducing effect of aglime onN2OandCO2emissions balance from an acidic soil: A study on intact soil cores
Authors: Rousset Camille , Brefort Henri , Arkoun Mustapha , Mathieu Olivier , Hénault Catherine 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe functioning of the nitrous oxide (N2O) reductase enzyme involved in the last step of denitrification is pH sensitive, with an optimum of 6.8. A solution to mitigate N2O emissions would be to bring soil pH close to neutrality by adding agricultural liming products (aglime). Nevertheless, the influence of aglime on the soil greenhouse gas (GHG) balance (CO2–N2O) is a subject of debate, particularly when considering the fate of the carbon (C) derived from carbonates. Our objective was to investigate the results of the effect of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) aglime on the CO2–N2O balance. Sixteen cylinders of undisturbed acidic soil were taken from a sandy loam profile and incubated at 20°C for 107 days in anaerobic conditions (water‐filled pore space >60%). Eight limed treatment cylinders received 1.45 g of aglime on the soil surface (2 t NV ha−1) and 0.08 g of N (100 kg of N ha−1). Eight control treatment cylinders received only 0.08 g of N. N2O and CO2fluxes were measured and converted into CO2equivalents to perform a GHG balance calculation. Furthermore, soil and leachate properties were measured. Aglime application triggered a reduction of N2O emissions, probably due to an increase in soil pH at the beginning of the experiment, which would have led to the N2O reductase activation. High ‐N content in the soil may inhibit the high N2O reduction potential in the limed treatment. CO2emissions were unexpectedly lower in the limed treatment. Aglime addition did not enhance C mineralisation, which may be explained by the possible stabilisation of soil organic carbon. A significant 11.3% reduction of GHG emissions was observed in the limed treatment. Overall, our results show that a strategy of liming acidic agricultural soil could be implemented for its potential in GHG mitigation. Nevertheless, future in‐depth research is necessary to better understand the fate of the C brought about by aglime.
Gastric mucosal swab as an alternative to biopsy for Helicobacter pylori detection
Authors: Soh Hosim , Kim Narae , Moon Jangsup , Lee Han Myung , Kim Bokyung , Cho Soo‐Jeong , Kim Sang Gyun , Chung Hyunsoo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsGastric mucosal swab may be a more sensitive sampling method than a biopsy since Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) resides within the mucus layer. We compared the diagnostic performance of the rapid urease test (RUT) and bacterial load of H. pylori between swabs and tissue biopsy.MethodsOverall, 276 RUTs (138 swab‐RUTs (S‐RUT) and 138 tissue‐RUTs (T‐RUT)) were performed. To diagnose H. pylori infection, RUT, H. pylori PCR, and 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing of tissue and swab were used, and its infection was defined as at least two positives of the six test results. The diagnostic performances of RUTs and the H. pylori bacterial load using qPCR were compared between swab and biopsy.ResultsThe positivity rates of S‐RUT and T‐RUT were 35.5% (49/138) and 25.4% (35/138), respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of S‐RUT were 98.0%, 100.0%, and 99.2%, while those of T‐RUT were 70.0%, 100%, and 89.1%, respectively. The sensitivity and accuracy were significantly higher for S‐RUT than for T‐RUT (p < 0.05). In the patients with atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia, S‐RUT showed significantly higher sensitivity than T‐RUT. qPCR showed that the swab contained a significantly higher H. pylori bacterial load than tissue biopsy (22.92‐fold and 31.61‐fold in the antrum and body (p < 0.05), respectively).ConclusionsGastric mucosal swabs showed higher RUT accuracy and H. pylori bacterial load than a tissue biopsy. This may be an alternative to a biopsy when diagnosing H. pylori infection during endoscopy is necessary. (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT05349578).
Re‐spatialising migration governance: From ‘multi‐level’ to ‘entangled’
Authors: Adamson Fiona B. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPolicy actors engaged in migration governance operate in complex environments characterised by spatial entanglements that bring together different levels and jurisdictions. While “levels‐of‐analysis” and multi‐level governance (MLG) frameworks capture some of this complexity, they undertheorise the extent to which migration and mobility are both causes and consequences of other forms of spatial entanglement. This article sets forth an “entangled” approach to migration governance and applies it to the Turkish case. It discusses how historical legacies and regional ties produce enduring cross‐border connections, examining diaspora engagement policies; migration diplomacy; and conflict and security in Turkey through the lens of entangled migration governance.
Mechanical and chemical properties of metakaolin‐based geopolymer exposed to elevated temperature
Authors: Hua Tianyi , Fu Ouli , Barzoki Parvaneh Kheirkhah , Gowayed Yasser 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA method is presented to fabricate metakaolin‐based geopolymers that are structurally and mechanically stable up to 600°C. The chemical environment of the geopolymers is characterized using thermogravimetric analysis and Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy. Residual free water turned into steam and caused damage to the geopolymer when exposed to elevated temperatures. The curing temperature was increased from 80 to 120°C to remove water during the curing process. A correlation was drawn between the amount of Si‐O‐Al linkage formed and the position of fingerprint peaks in infrared spectra, providing a tool to evaluate the level of geopolymerization. Flexural and tensile properties of geopolymers fabricated using the optimized method were measured for no heat treatment and for exposure to elevated temperatures of 200, 400, and 600°C. The flexural strength was measured to be 10.80 ± 2.99 MPa at room temperature, 10.36 ± 0.64 MPa at 400°C, and 8.04 ± 1.60 MPa at 600°C. The flexural modulus is reported to be 13.09 ± 3.40 GPa at room temperature and 11.03 ± 0.53 GPa at 600°C. The flexural toughness decreased with increasing temperature. The tensile properties of the geopolymer were measured with direct tensile tests paired with an extensometer. The tensile strength decreased from 4.16 ± 2.08 MPa at room temperature to 3.13 ± 0.97 MPa at 400°C, and 2.75 ± 0.86 MPa at 600°C. The Young's modulus decreased from 45.38 ± 30.30 GPa at room temperature to 26.88 ± 6.65 GPa at 600°C. Both flexural and tensile tests have shown that the metakaolin‐based geopolymers cured at 120°C is mechanically stable at temperatures up to 600°C.
Third Country Influence on EU Law and Policy‐making: Setting the Scene
Authors: Lavenex Sandra , Öberg Marja‐Liisa 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis introductory article conceptualizes the notion of third country influence on European Union (EU) law and policy and proposes an analytical framework theorizing the venues and means through which third countries may gain such impact, under what conditions and with which implications for the EU's legal and political order. The article first introduces the focus on outside‐in influence in the context of European studies, generally, and EU privileged third country relations, specifically. Thereafter, an analytical framework is developed for mapping and explaining the outside‐in dynamics on EU law and policy‐making differentiating between diplomatic, governance and discursive venues; coercive versus technocratic and normative mechanisms of influence; and the legal constraints and political implications of these processes. Turning to the potential determinants of these occurrences, the article then proposes a set of hypotheses for conditions under which third countries can influence EU law and policies, before summarizing the individual contributions to this Special Issue.
Adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cells‐sourced exosomal microRNA‐7846‐3p suppresses proliferation and pro‐angiogenic role of keloid fibroblasts by suppressing neuropilin 2
Authors: Wu Di , Liu Xiao , Jin Zhehu 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundExosomes (Exos) and their contained microRNAs (miRNAs) have been emergingly recognized as key regulators in spanning biological processes, including proliferation and angiogenesis.Aim of the studyThis work investigates the function of Exos derived from adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (adMSCs) in viability of keloid fibroblasts (KFs).MethodsAbnormally expressed miRNAs in keloid tissues were screened using the GEO dataset GSE113620. Meanwhile, miRNAs enriched in adMSC‐Exos were predicted by bioinformatics system. Exos were extracted from acquired adMSCs and identified, which were co‐incubated with KFs. Uptake of Exos by KFs was examined by fluorescence staining. Viability, proliferation, and apoptosis of KFs were analyzed by CCK‐8, EdU labeling, and TUNEL assays. Conditioned medium of KFs was collected to stimulate angiogenesis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Binding between miR‐7846‐3p and neuropilin 2 (NRP2) was validated by luciferase assay. Protein levels of NRP2 and the Hedgehog pathway molecules were analyzed by western blot analysis.ResultsmiR‐7846‐3p was predicted as an exosomal miRNA aberrantly expressed in keloids. AdMSC‐Exos reduced viability, proliferation, and apoptosis resistance of KFs, and they blocked the angiogenesis of HUVECs. miR‐7846‐3p targeted NRP2 mRNA. miR‐7846‐3p upregulation in KFs suppressed NRP2 expression and reduced the expression of Hedgehog pathway molecules SHH, SMO, and GLI1. Either miR‐7846‐3p inhibition in Exos or NRP2 overexpression in KFs blocked the effects of Exos and restored the viability, proliferation, and pro‐angiogenic role of KFs.ConclusionThis work unravels that adMSC‐Exos‐derived miR‐7846‐3p suppresses NRP2 and inactivates the Hedgehog signaling to reduce proliferation and pro‐angiogenic role of KFs.
INFLUENCE OF POST‐DANIAN SEA‐LEVEL CHANGES AND VARIATIONS IN SEDIMENTATION RATE ON OVERPRESSURE BUILD UP IN THE CLAY‐RICH OVERBURDEN IN THE DANISH SECTOR OF THE NORTH SEA CENTRAL GRABEN
Authors: Orozova‐Bekkevold Ivanka , Rasmussen Erik Skovbjerg , Schovsbo Niels Hemmingsen 
Published: April 2023

Overpressure build up in the clay‐rich succession between sea floor and the top of the Chalk Group in the area around wells North Jens‐1 and Fasan‐1 in the Danish sector of the Central Graben, North Sea was examined by forward modelling. “Overpressure”, i.e. fluid pressure higher than hydrostatic pressure, is expressed here in terms of both the difference between pore pressure and hydrostatic pressure at a given depth and the ratio between these pressures. Pore pressure changes over time were estimated by numerical simulation of post‐Danian depositional processes, incorporating sea level changes and variations in sedimentation rate. Results show that the deposition of the post‐Danian (“overburden”) succession led to overpressure build up both in the overburden itself and in the underlying sediments (the so‐called “underburden”). The largest estimated present‐day overpressures (4.9‐5.6 MPa, 23‐26% above hydrostatic) occur at the base of the overburden, while an overpressure of up to 5.5 MPa was calculated to occur in the underburden. Variations in sedimentation rate appeared to have influenced the build‐up of overpressure in the overburden, although no significant effect was found in the underburden.The results indicate that more than 50% of the present‐day overpressure in the overburden was generated in the last 5.3 million years, i.e. during the Pliocene and the Quaternary. When variations in sedimentation rate during the Miocene were included in the modelling calculation, this proportion increased to nearly 70%. A decrease in sedimentation rate in the mid‐Miocene (Serravallian, 15‐11.2 Ma) and the late Miocene (Messinian, 7.5‐5.3 Ma) resulted in the dissipation of overpressures generated previously when the sedimentation rate was higher. About 60% of the overpressure generated in the Miocene developed during the Tortonian but only 14% during the Messinian.Water depth appears to influence the overpressure magnitude. Sea level changes played a minor and short‐lived role in overpressure build up. The influence of water depth was most pronounced when it was significantly greater than the thickness of the deposited sediments.The method of overpressure estimation used in this paper may be a valuable alternative to methods based on porosity trend analysis which are widely used in the oil and gas industry. Both the methods used here and the results may be useful in subsurface evaluations related to carbon storage in the Danish Central Graben (e.g. project Green Sand).