bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Financial statement similarity
Authors: Brown Stephen V. , Ma Guang , Tucker Jennifer Wu 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe propose financial statement similarity as a measure of financial reporting comparability. The firm‐pair version of our measure reflects the degree to which two firms report similar relations within their financial statement items; this version can help managers and market participants identify peer firms. The firm‐year version of our measure reflects the degree to which a firm reports financial statement relations that are similar to other members of its industry; this version can help market participants, regulators, and auditors screen firms for further attention. Our measure uses the presence and amounts of almost all financial items reported by a firm. We validate our measure in four sets of analyses to establish concurrent validity and in three sets of analyses to establish predictive validity. In all these tests, we contrast our measure with the comparability measure in De Franco et al. (2011) and a multivariate measure that considers the presence, but not amounts, of financial statement items. Our measure outperforms the alternatives and can be a useful tool for users.
Development and future prospects of the artificial urinary sphincter
Authors: Wang Minghui , Liao Yucheng , Liu Yunlong , Zhou Wei , Yu Hongliu 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundUrinary incontinence is a urinary disorder in which urine leaks out involuntarily. This disorder seriously affects the quality of life of patients. For patients with mild incontinence, conservative treatment and medication may be the ideal treatment modality, but for patients with severe incontinence, an artificial urinary sphincter is currently a better treatment option.MethodsIn order to design an ideal artificial urinary sphincter, this article first searched and collected literature based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses searched strategy by selecting specific subject terms and reviewed the artificial urinary sphincters that are currently in the research stage based on different activation methods.ResultsIn response to the deficiencies of the existing artificial urinary sphincter, this article discusses the future optimization of the artificial urinary sphincter from three aspects: individual improvement of the artificial urinary sphincter, engineering design elements, and optimization of the artificial urinary sphincter manufacturing process.ConclusionsThe manufacture of an idealized artificial urinary sphincter capable of meeting clinical needs is of great importance to improve the quality of life of patients. However, this approach is a reasonable option to explore and should not be overestimated until further evidence is available.
Evaluation of parentage testing using single nucleotide polymorphism markers for draft horses in Japan
Authors: Ishige Taichiro , Kikuchi Mio , Kakoi Hironaga , Hirota Kei‐ichi , Ohnuma Aoi , Tozaki Teruaki , Hirosawa Yuko , Tanaka Shoko , Nagata Shun‐ichi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe evaluated the utility of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers for parentage testing in Breton (BR) and Percheron (PR) horses in Japan using the proposed International Society for Animal Genetics (P‐ISAG) 147 SNP panel and 414 autosomal SNPs. Genomic DNA was extracted from 98 horses of two breeds, BR (n = 47) and PR (n = 51), and sequenced using next‐generation sequencing. The average minor allele frequencies for the P‐ISAG panel for BR and PR were 0.306 and 0.301, respectively. The combined probabilities of exclusion (PEs) given two parents and one offspring: exclude a relationship (PE01) and given one parent and one offspring: exclude their relationship (PE02) were over 0.9999 for both breeds. Using the P‐ISAG panel, no exclusion or doubtful cases were identified in 35 valid parent–offspring pairs, suggesting that the P‐ISAG panel is helpful for parentage verification in both breeds. In contrast, as 0.18% of falsely accepted parentages were observed in the parentage discovery cases, additional markers such as the combination of the P‐ISAG panel and 414 autosomal SNPs (561‐SNP set) presented here should be used to identify valid parent–offspring pairs of horses with unknown parentage relationships.
Building a welfare system through bounded learning: A case of Korean long‐term care insurance
Authors: Yun Migyeong , Kim Won Sub 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis article verifies three conditions in its aim to confirm the influence of Japan's experience on the introduction timing and policy model of South Korean long‐term care insurance (LTCI). First, the LTCI systems in Korea and Japan agree in terms of their core principles. Both are based on a separate social insurance system and ensure financial sustainability at the expense of service quality in response to the need to elevate expenditure. Second, the policymaking process reveals the reference relationship between the two systems. The advocacy coalition for LTCI suggested introducing an LTCI based on Japan's experience. However, their rationale was constrained due to the bounded rationality of policy learning. Finally, this article demonstrates that the rival arguments cannot completely explain the introduction of the Korean LTCI without considering the bounded learning argument. Consequently, the results of this study indicate that policy learning is critical to welfare development in latecomer welfare states.
Dose‐dependent expression of GFI1 alters metabolism in the haematopoietic progenitors and MLL::AF9‐induced leukaemic cells
Authors: Patnana Pradeep Kumar , Liu Longlong , Frank Daria , Nimmagadda Subbaiah Chary , Behrens Matthias , Ahmed Helal , Xie Xiaoqing , Liebmann Marie , Wei Lanying , Gerdemann Andrea , Thivakaran Aniththa , Humpf Hans‐Ulrich , Klotz Luisa , Dugas Martin , Varghese Julian , Trajkovic‐Arsic Marija , Siveke Jens T. , Hanenberg Helmut , Opalka Bertram , Dührsen Ulrich , Reinhardt Hans Christian , Guenther Ulrich , von Bubnoff Nikolas , Khandanpour Cyrus 
Published: July 2023

SummaryGrowth factor independence 1 (GFI1) is a transcriptional repressor protein that plays an essential role in the differentiation of myeloid and lymphoid progenitors. We and other groups have shown that GFI1 has a dose‐dependent role in the initiation, progression, and prognosis of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) patients by inducing epigenetic changes. We now demonstrate a novel role for dose‐dependent GFI1 expression in regulating metabolism in haematopoietic progenitor and leukaemic cells. Using in‐vitro and ex‐vivo murine models of MLL::AF9‐induced human AML and extra‐cellular flux assays, we now demonstrate that a lower GFI1 expression enhances oxidative phosphorylation rate via upregulation of the FOXO1‐ MYC axis. Our findings underscore the significance of therapeutic exploitation in GFI1‐low‐expressing leukaemia cells by targeting oxidative phosphorylation and glutamine metabolism.
Children's judgments on the acceptability of prejudice
Authors: Spence Jessica L. , Neldner Karri , Hornsey Matthew J. , Imuta Kana 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBy middle childhood, children become aware that discriminatory behavior is unacceptable; however, the development of their anti‐prejudice sentiments is largely unknown. Across two studies, 333 Australian 5‐ to 10‐year‐olds (51% female, majority White) were asked how acceptable they thought it was to have prejudicial sentiments toward 25 different targets. Children responded privately through a novel digital paradigm designed to minimize social‐desirability biases. With age, children were more likely to display anti‐prejudice sentiments toward targets who are prosocial, vulnerable, and of minority race and linguistic backgrounds. In contrast, they judged prejudice as “okay” for targets who are antisocial and negatively regarded in society. These findings suggest that children's perceptions of prejudice become increasingly nuanced and adult‐like across the primary school years.
Intensive mannitol slow infusion post‐stenting may attenuate stenting‐related early adverse effects in patients with cerebral venous sinus stenosis
Authors: Han Guangyu , Wan Shuling , Dandu Chaitu , Zhou Da , Ding Yuchuan , Ji Xunming , Meng Ran 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimsTo analyze intensive slow mannitol poststenting on attenuating stenting‐related early adverse effects in cerebral venous sinus stenosis (CVSS).MethodsThis real‐world study enrolled subacute or chronic CVSS patients from January 2017 through March 2022 and divided them into DSA only and stenting post‐DSA groups. The later group was subdivided into control (without extra mannitol use) and intensive slow mannitol subgroup (immediate extra mannitol 250–500 mL, 2 mL/min infusion post‐stenting) after signed informed consent. All data were compared.ResultsA total of 95 eligible patients entered into final analysis, in which 37 cases underwent DSA only and 58 cases underwent stenting post‐DSA. Finally, 28 patients were entered into intensive slow mannitol subgroup and 30 in control. Stenting group vs. DSA group, HIT‐6 scores and WBC counts were higher in the former (both p < 0.001). Intensive slow mannitol subgroup vs. control on the third day post‐stenting, a statistically significant reductions were noticed in the former on WBC counts (6.19 ± 1.86 × 109/L vs. 9.59 ± 2.05 × 109/L); HIT‐6 scores (degree of headache) (40.00 (38.00–40.00) vs. 49.00 (41.75–55.25)) and brain edema surrounding the stent on CT maps (17.86% vs.96.67%), all p < 0.001.ConclusionsStenting‐related severe headache, inflammatory biomarkers elevation, and brain edema aggravation can be attenuated by intensive slow mannitol infusion.
Categorical Updating in a Bayesian Propensity Problem
Authors: Dewitt Stephen H. , Adler Nine , Li Carmen , Stoilova Ekaterina , Fenton Norman E. , Lagnado David A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe present three experiments using a novel problem in which participants update their estimates of propensities when faced with an uncertain new instance. We examine this using two different causal structures (common cause/common effect) and two different scenarios (agent‐based/mechanical). In the first, participants must update their estimate of the propensity for two warring nations to successfully explode missiles after being told of a new explosion on the border between both nations. In the second, participants must update their estimate of the accuracy of two early warning tests for cancer when they produce conflicting reports about a patient. Across both experiments, we find two modal responses, representing around one‐third of participants each. In the first, “Categorical” response, participants update propensity estimates as if they were certain about the single event, for example, certain that one of the nations was responsible for the latest explosion, or certain about which of the two tests is correct. In the second, “No change” response, participants make no update to their propensity estimates at all. Across the three experiments, the theory is developed and tested that these two responses in fact have a single representation of the problem: because the actual outcome is binary (only one of the nations could have launched the missile; the patient either has cancer or not), these participants believe it is incorrect to update propensities in a graded manner. They therefore operate on a “certainty threshold” basis, whereby, if they are certain enough about the single event, they will make the “Categorical” response, and if they are below this threshold, they will make the “No change” response. Ramifications are considered for the “categorical” response in particular, as this approach produces a positive‐feedback dynamic similar to that seen in the belief polarization/confirmation bias literature.
Associations of HLA‐C*01:02 and HLA‐B*46:01 with regorafenib‐induced erythema multiforme in Japanese patients with metastatic colorectal cancer
Authors: Fujita Ken‐ichi , Matsumoto Natsumi , Murase Remi , Takeshima Kosuke , Ishida Hiroo , Kubota Yutaro 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRegorafenib improves the survival of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC); however, it is also characterized by detrimental dermal side effects that may require treatment cessation or modified dosing. In our previous prospective pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and pharmacogenetic studies, 17.5% (7/40) of the patients with mCRC had grade 3 erythema multiforme (EM) that caused treatment discontinuation. Haplotypes in genes encoding human leukocyte antigen (HLA) are associated with EM following the administration of drugs, such as allopurinol. This study examined the association between HLA haplotypes and regorafenib‐induced EM. Regorafenib was administered orally at 160 mg/body once daily for weeks 1–3 of each 4‐week cycle. To determine the HLA haplotypes, we used the WAKFlow HLA Typing Kit HLA‐A, ‐B, or ‐C. The carrier frequency of HLA‐C*01:02 in patients with EM (6/7) was higher than that in tolerant controls (8/33; odds ratio [OR] = 18.8, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.95–180, p = 0.00437). HLA‐B*46:01 was also associated with EM (OR = 11.6, 95% CI = 1.47–92.1, p = 0.0299). These associations were no longer significant after Bonferroni correction for multiple testing. Therefore, regorafenib‐induced EM in Japanese patients appears to be associated with specific HLA haplotypes but further validation is needed.
Multiple facets of biodiversity are threatened by mining‐induced land‐use change in the Brazilian Amazon
Authors: Lloyd Thomas J. , Oliveira Ubirajara , Soares‐Filho Britaldo S. , Fuller Richard A. , Butt Nathalie , Ascher John S. , Barbosa João Paulo Peixoto Pena , Batista João Aguiar Nogueira , Brescovit Antonio D. , de Carvalho Claudio J. B. , De Marco Paulo , Ferro Viviane Gianluppi , Leite Felipe Sá Fortes , Löwenberg‐Neto Peter , Paglia Adriano Pereira , de Rezende Daniella Teixeira , Santos Adalberto J. , Silva Daniel Paiva , de Vasconcelos Marcelo Ferreira , Sonter Laura J. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimMining is increasingly pressuring areas of critical importance for biodiversity conservation, such as the Brazilian Amazon. Biodiversity data are limited in the tropics, restricting the scope for risks to be appropriately estimated before mineral licensing decisions are made. As the distributions and range sizes of other taxa differ markedly from those of vertebrates—the common proxy for analysis of risk to biodiversity from mining—whether mining threatens lesser‐studied taxonomic groups differentially at a regional scale is unclear.LocationBrazilian Amazon.MethodsWe assess risks to several facets of biodiversity from industrial mining by comparing mining areas (within 70 km of an active mining lease) and areas unaffected by mining, employing species richness, species endemism, phylogenetic diversity and phylogenetic endemism metrics calculated for angiosperms, arthropods and vertebrates.ResultsMining areas contained higher densities of species occurrence records than the unaffected landscape, and we accounted for this sampling bias in our analyses. None of the four biodiversity metrics differed between mining and nonmining areas for vertebrates. For arthropods, species endemism was greater in mined areas. Mined areas also had greater angiosperm species richness, phylogenetic diversity and phylogenetic endemism, although less species endemism than unmined areas.Main ConclusionsUnlike for vertebrates, facets of angiosperm and arthropod diversity are relatively higher in areas of mining activity, underscoring the need to consider multiple taxonomic groups and biodiversity facets when assessing risk and evaluating management options for mining threats. Particularly concerning is the proximity of mining to areas supporting deep evolutionary history, which may be impossible to recover or replace. As pressures to expand mining in the Amazon grow, impact assessments with broader taxonomic reach and metric focus will be vital to conserving biodiversity in mining regions.
Ethical, legal, and social implications in research biobanking: A checklist for navigating complexity
Authors: Tzortzatou‐Nanopoulou Olga , Akyüz Kaya , Goisauf Melanie , Kozera Łukasz , Mežinska Signe , Th. Mayrhofer Michaela , Slokenberga Santa , Reichel Jane , Croxton Talishiea , Ziaka Alexandra , Makri Marina 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBiobanks’ activity is based not only on securing the technology of collecting and storing human biospecimen, but also on preparing formal documentation that will enable its safe use for scientific research. In that context, the issue of informed consent, the reporting of incidental findings and the use of Transfer Agreements remain a vast challenge. This paper aims to offer first–hand tangible solutions on those issues in the context of collaborative and transnational biobanking research. It presents a four‐step checklist aiming to facilitate researchers on their compliance with applicable legal and ethical guidelines, when designing their studies, when recruiting participants, when handling samples and data, and when communicating research results and incidental findings. Although the paper reflects the outcomes of the H2020 B3Africa project and examines the transfers from and to the EU as a case study, it presents a global checklist that can be used beyond the EU.
A model‐based approach to predict individual weight loss with semaglutide in people with overweight or obesity
Authors: Strathe Anders , Horn Deborah B. , Larsen Malte Selch , Rubino Domenica , Sørrig Rasmus , Tran Marie Thi Dao , Wharton Sean , Overgaard Rune Viig 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimsTo determine the relationship between exposure and weight‐loss trajectories for the glucagon‐like peptide‐1 analogue semaglutide for weight management.Materials and MethodsData from one 52‐week, phase 2, dose‐ranging trial (once‐daily subcutaneous semaglutide 0.05–0.4 mg) and two 68‐week phase 3 trials (once‐weekly subcutaneous semaglutide 2.4 mg) for weight management in people with overweight or obesity with or without type 2 diabetes were used to develop a population pharmacokinetic (PK) model describing semaglutide exposure. An exposure‐response model describing weight change was then developed using baseline demographics, glycated haemoglobin and PK data during treatment. The ability of the exposure‐response model to predict 1‐year weight loss based on weight data collected at baseline and after up to 28 weeks of treatment, was assessed using three independent phase 3 trials.ResultsBased on population PK, exposure levels over time consistently explained the weight‐loss trajectories across trials and dosing regimens. The exposure‐response model had high precision and limited bias for predicting body weight loss at 1 year in independent datasets, with increased precision when data from later time points were included in the prediction.ConclusionAn exposure‐response model has been established that quantitatively describes the relationship between systemic semaglutide exposure and weight loss and predicts weight‐loss trajectories for people with overweight or obesity who are receiving semaglutide doses up to 2.4 mg once weekly.
Effects of different treatment modalities on biomechanical behavior of maxillary incisors with external invasive cervical resorption at different progression levels
Authors: Askerbeyli Örs Sevinc , Küçükkaya Eren Selen 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackground/AimThis study aimed to evaluate the biomechanical behavior of maxillary incisors with external invasive cervical resorption (EICR) at different progression levels after receiving different modes of treatment under occlusal forces using finite element analysis (FEA).Materials and MethodsThree‐dimensional (3D) models of intact maxillary central incisors were constructed and modified to include EICR cavities with different progression levels in the buccal cervical areas. The EICR cavities confined to dentin were repaired using Biodentine™ (Septodont Ltd., Saint Maur des Fausse ́s, France), resin composite, or glass ionomer cement (GIC) . Additionally, EICR cavities with pulp invasion requiring direct pulp capping were simulated as repaired using Biodentine only or 1 mm thick Biodentine and either resin composite or GIC for the rest of the cavity. Moreover, models with root canal treatment and EICR defects repaired using Biodentine, resin composites, or GIC were also generated. A force of 240 N was applied to the incisal edge. The principal stresses in the dentin were evaluated.ResultsGIC showed more favorable results than the other materials in EICR cavities confined to the dentin. However, Biodentine alone resulted in more favorable minimum principal stresses (Pmin) compared to other materials in EICR cavities with close pulp proximity. Exceptionally, the models localized in the coronal third of the root with a circumferential extension of the cavity >90° showed more favorable results for GIC. The presence of root canal treatment had no significant effect on stress values.ConclusionsBased on this FEA study the use of GIC in EICR lesions confined to the dentin is recommended. However, Biodentine may be a better option for restoring EICR lesions close to the pulp with or without root canal treatment. Except when the circumferential extension of the cavity is >90°, the use of GIC may be more advantageous.
Human hippocampal astrocytes: Computational dissection of their transcriptome, sexual differences and exosomes across ageing and mild‐cognitive impairment
Authors: Guebel Daniel V. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe role of astrocytes in Alzheimer's disease is often disregarded. Hence, characterization of astrocytes along their early evolution toward Alzheimer would be greatly beneficial. However, due to their exquisite responsiveness, in vivo studies are difficult. So public microarray data of hippocampal homogenates from (healthy) young, (healthy) elder and elder with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) were subjected to re‐analysis by a multi‐step computational pipeline. Ontologies and pathway analyses were compared after determining the differential genes that, belonging to astrocytes, have splice forms. Likewise, the subset of molecules exportable to exosomes was also determined. The results showed that astrocyte's phenotypes changed significantly. While already ‘activated’ astrocytes were found in the younger group, major changes occurred during ageing (increased vascular remodelling and response to mechanical stimulus, diminished long‐term potentiation and increased long‐term depression). MCI's astrocytes showed some ‘rejuvenated’ features, but their sensitivity to shear stress was markedly lost. Importantly, most of the changes showed to be sex biassed. Men's astrocytes are enriched in a type ‘endfeet‐astrocytome’, whereas women's astrocytes appear close to the ‘scar‐forming’ type (prone to endothelial dysfunction, hypercholesterolemia, loss of glutamatergic synapses, Ca+2 dysregulation, hypoxia, oxidative stress and ‘pro‐coagulant’ phenotype). In conclusion, the computational dissection of the networks based on the hippocampal gene isoforms provides a relevant proxy to in vivo astrocytes, also revealing the occurrence of sexual differences. Analyses of the astrocytic exosomes did not provide an acceptable approximation to the overall functioning of astrocytes in the hippocampus, probably due to the selective cellular mechanisms which charge the cargo molecules.