bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of nutrition on visual cognitive performance in the nutrition, vision, and cognition in sport study
Authors: Beathard Karen M. , Georghiades Nicos , Goulart Jenna B. , Riviere Aaron J. , Sullivan Caroline , Mascarro Melanie , Riechman Steven E. 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionThe purpose of this study was to examine the influence of nutritional intake on visual perceptual-cognitive performance (VCP) in young healthy adults.MethodsNinety-eight healthy men (n = 38) and women (n = 60) aged 18–33 years participated and maintained their usual dietary intake throughout the study. VCP was measured using the NeuroTracker™ CORE (NT) 3-Dimensional (3-D) software program (15 training sessions) over a 15-day period. Food logs and extensive lifestyle measures including body composition, cardiovascular health, sleep and exercise patterns, and general readiness to perform were collected. Mean intake from 10 food logs collected over the 15 days were analyzed using Nutribase software. Statistical analyses were performed in SPSS using repeated measures ANOVA including significant covariates when appropriate.ResultsMales consumed significantly more calories, macronutrients, cholesterol, choline, and zinc and performed significantly better on VCP than the females. Participants who consumed more than 40% of kcals from carbohydrates (p = 0.038), less than 24% of kcals from protein (p = 0.009), more than 2,000 μg/day lutein/zeaxanthin or more than 1.8 mg/ day vitamin B2 performed significantly better on VCP than those who consumed less than those amounts, respectively.DiscussionVCP is an important dimension of cognitive function and in the present study is influenced by higher carbohydrate, lutein/ zeaxanthin, and vitamin B2 dietary intake while high protein consumption and the female sex negatively impacted VCP.
Sustained complete response to first-line immunochemotherapy for highly aggressive TP53/MDM2-mutated upper tract urothelial carcinoma with ERBB2 mutations, luminal immune-infiltrated contexture, and non-mesenchymal state: a case report and literature review
Authors: Xu Tianyuan , Guo Hanxu , Xie Jun , He Yanyan , Che Jianping , Peng Bo , Yang Bin , Yao Xudong 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundUpper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) is a rare malignancy. The management of metastatic or unresectable UTUC is mainly based on evidence extrapolated from histologically homologous bladder cancer, including platinum-based chemotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitor alone, whereas UTUC exhibits more invasiveness, worse prognosis, and comparatively inferior response to treatments. First-line immunochemotherapy regimens have been attempted in clinical trials for unselected naïve-treated cases, but their efficacies relative to standard chemo- or immuno-monotherapy still remain controversial. Here, we present a case of highly aggressive UTUC for whom comprehensive genetic and phenotypic signatures predicted sustained complete response to first-line immunochemotherapy.Case presentationA 50-year-old man received retroperitoneoscopic nephroureterectomy and regional lymphadenectomy for high-risk locally advanced UTUC. Postoperatively, he developed rapid progression of residual unresectable metastatic lymph nodes. Pathologic analysis and next-generation sequencing classified the tumor as highly aggressive TP53/MDM2-mutated subtype with features more than expression of programmed death ligand-1, including ERBB2 mutations, luminal immune-infiltrated contexture, and non-mesenchymal state. Immunochemotherapy combining gemcitabine, carboplatin, and off-label programmed death-1 inhibitor sintilimab was initiated, and sintilimab monotherapy was maintained up to 1 year. Retroperitoneal lymphatic metastases gradually regressed to complete response. Blood-based analyses were performed longitudinally for serum tumor markers, inflammatory parameters, peripheral immune cells, and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) profiling. The ctDNA kinetics of tumor mutation burden and mean variant allele frequency accurately predicted postoperative progression and sustained response to the following immunochemotherapy, which were mirrored by dynamic changes in abundances of ctDNA mutations from UTUC-typical variant genes. The patient remained free of recurrence or metastasis as of this publishing, over 2 years after the initial surgical treatment.ConclusionImmunochemotherapy may be a promising first-line option for advanced or metastatic UTUC selected with specific genomic or phenotypic signatures, and blood-based analyses incorporating ctDNA profiling provide precise longitudinal monitoring.
Mapping knowledge landscapes and emerging trends of the biomarkers in melanoma: a bibliometric analysis from 2004 to 2022
Authors: Wan Yantong , Shen Junyi , Hong Yinghao , Liu Jinghua , Shi Tieliu , Cai Junwei 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundMelanoma is a skin tumor with a high mortality rate, and early diagnosis and effective treatment are the key to reduce its mortality rate. Therefore, more and more attention has been paid for biomarker identification for early diagnosis, prognosis prediction and prognosis evaluation of melanoma. However, there is still a lack of a report that comprehensively and objectively evaluates the research status of melanoma biomarkers. Therefore, this study aims to intuitively analyze the research status and trend of melanoma biomarkers through the methods of bibliometrics and knowledge graph.ObjectiveThis study uses bibliometrics to analyze research in biomarkers in melanoma, summarize the field’s history and current status of research, and predict future research directions.MethodArticles and Reviews related to melanoma biomarkers were retrieved by using Web of Science core collection subject search. Bibliometric analysis was performed in Excel 365, CiteSpace, VOSviewer and Bibliometrix (R-Tool of R-Studio).ResultA total of 5584 documents from 2004 to 2022 were included in the bibliometric analysis. The results show that the number of publications and the frequency of citations in this field are increasing year by year, and the frequency of citations has increased rapidly after 2018. The United States is the most productive and influential country in this field, with the largest number of publications and institutions with high citation frequency. Caroline Robert, F. Stephen Hodi, Suzanne L. Topalian and others are authoritative authors in this field, and The New England Journal of Medicine, Journal of Clinical Oncology and Clinical Cancer Research are the most authoritative journals in this field. Biomarkers related to the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of melanoma are hot topics and cutting-edge hotspots in this field.ConclusionFor the first time, this study used the bibliometric method to visualize the research in the field of melanoma biomarkers, revealing the trends and frontiers of melanoma biomarkers research, which provides a useful reference for scholars to find key research issues and partners.
Case Report: Two clinical cases of Wilms tumor comorbid to gingival fibromatosis in young children with constitutionally mutated REST
Authors: Salomatina Anastasiya S. , Yasko Liudmila A. , Kurnikova Maria A. , Mareeva Yulia M. , Abasov Ruslan K. , Gegeliya Nina V. , Mitrofanova Anna M. , Usman Natalia Y. , Novichkova Galina A. , Druy Alexander E. 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionNephroblastoma (Wilms tumor (WT)) is an embryonal tumor accounting for &gt;90% of pediatric renal cancers. About 10% of WTs harbor pathogenic germline mutations. The REST gene, classified as a putative tumor suppressor, is affected in 2% of WTs. High-throughput molecular methods facilitate advanced diagnostics of cancer. In addition to this, germline mutations in REST are also associated with familial gingival fibromatosis (GFM). Reciprocally, none of the articles on RESTmut WT mentions GFM as a comorbid condition. This report provides unique evidence on the WT-GFM comorbidity in RESTmut carriers.Case presentationPatient 1 (a 5-year-old boy with unilateral WT) is a proband, who has two healthy siblings. Patient 2 (a 4-year-old girl with bilateral WT) is a proband from in vitro fertilization (IVF) triplets, with a sister and brother without WT. We analyzed probands’ DNA extracted from peripheral blood leucocytes with a custom-targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS)-198 gene panel. The detected variants were checked in family members by Sanger sequencing. Patient 1 had a pathogenic germline mutation in REST: c.1035_1036insTA, p.(E346*), as did his mother and both brothers. There were two other WT cases in this family (proband’s maternal uncles). Patient 2 had a pathogenic germline variant in REST: c.2668_2671del, p.(E891Pfs*6), as well as her sister. The mutation was probably inherited from their deceased father, as he had gingival fibromatosis. Family members with REST mutations from both families had gingival fibromatosis. A somatic REST c.663C&gt;A p.C221* mutation was identified in one patient with WT. At the moment both patients with WT are under dynamic observation without signs of the disease.ConclusionHere, we describe two clinical cases of WT in nonrelated young children with germline-inactivating REST variants identified by next-generation sequencing. Both patients present with familial gingival fibromatosis, regarded as clinically useful comorbidity indicative of the tumor predisposition syndrome. The two cases illustrate Wilms tumor-gingival fibromatosis comorbidity in carriers of germline-inactivated REST alleles previously identified as a predisposition factor for both conditions.
Paired-agent imaging as a rapid en face margin screening method in Mohs micrographic surgery
Authors: Torres Veronica C. , Hodge Sassan , Levy Joshua J. , Vaickus Louis J. , Chen Eunice Y. , LeBouef Matthew , Samkoe Kimberley S. 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundMohs micrographic surgery is a procedure used for non-melanoma skin cancers that has 97-99% cure rates largely owing to 100% margin analysis enabled by en face sectioning with real-time, iterative histologic assessment. However, the technique is limited to small and aggressive tumors in high-risk areas because the histopathological preparation and assessment is very time intensive. To address this, paired-agent imaging (PAI) can be used to rapidly screen excised specimens and identify tumor positive margins for guided and more efficient microscopic evaluation.MethodsA mouse xenograft model of human squamous cell carcinoma (n = 8 mice, 13 tumors) underwent PAI. Targeted (ABY-029, anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) affibody molecule) and untargeted (IRDye 680LT carboxylate) imaging agents were simultaneously injected 3-4 h prior to surgical tumor resection. Fluorescence imaging was performed on main, unprocessed excised specimens and en face margins (tissue sections tangential to the deep margin surface). Binding potential (BP) – a quantity proportional to receptor concentration – and targeted fluorescence signal were measured for each, and respective mean and maximum values were analyzed to compare diagnostic ability and contrast. The BP and targeted fluorescence of the main specimen and margin samples were also correlated with EGFR immunohistochemistry (IHC).ResultsPAI consistently outperformed targeted fluorescence alone in terms of diagnostic ability and contrast-to-variance ratio (CVR). Mean and maximum measures of BP resulted in 100% accuracy, while mean and maximum targeted fluorescence signal offered 97% and 98% accuracy, respectively. Moreover, maximum BP had the greatest average CVR for both main specimen and margin samples (average 1.7 ± 0.4 times improvement over other measures). Fresh tissue margin imaging improved similarity with EGFR IHC volume estimates compared to main specimen imaging in line profile analysis; and margin BP specifically had the strongest concordance (average 3.6 ± 2.2 times improvement over other measures).ConclusionsPAI was able to reliably distinguish tumor from normal tissue in fresh en face margin samples using the single metric of maximum BP. This demonstrated the potential for PAI to act as a highly sensitive screening tool to eliminate the extra time wasted on real-time pathological assessment of low-risk margins.
Risk factors of LEEP margin positivity and optimal length of cervical conization in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia
Authors: Cong Qing , Yu Yi , Xie Yu , Li Yanyun , Sui Long 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundThe conization length for cervical precancerous lesions is essential for treatment but is left undetermined. This study aims to explore the reasonable and optimal conization length in patients with different types of cervical transformation zones (TZs) to reach the treatment outcome of margin negative in the surgery.MethodsFrom July 2016 to September 2019, a multi-center prospective case–control study with or suspicion of cervical precancer was enrolled from five medical centers in Shanghai, China. The clinical characteristics, cytology, human papillomavirus (HPV), histopathology, and details of cervical conization were recorded.ResultsA total of 618 women were enrolled in this study; 6.8% (42/618) had positive internal (endocervical and stromal) margins and 6.8% (42/618) had positive external (ectocervical) margins of loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) specimen. Comparing the positive internal margin group with the negative group, age (p = 0.006) and cytology (p = 0.021) were significantly different. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors for positive internal margin were cytology ≥ high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) (odds ratio (OR) 3.82, p = 0.002) and age (OR 1.11, p &lt; 0.001). The positive internal margin rate was 2.7%, 5.1%, and 6.9% in TZ1, TZ2, and TZ3, respectively, while the positive external margin was 6.7%, 3.4%, and 1.4%, respectively. In the TZ3 group, the HSIL positive internal margin of the 15–16-mm group (10.0%, 19/191) was significantly greater than in TZ1 (2.7%, 4/150) (p = 0.010) and TZ2 (5.0%, 9/179) (p = 0.092); when excision length increases to 17–25 mm, the positive internal margin rate dramatically decreased to 1.0% (1/98).ConclusionA cervical excision length of 10–15 mm is reasonable for TZ1 and TZ2 patients, while 17–25 mm is optimal for TZ3 excision with more negative internal margins.
Nurses’ knowledge and attitude towards children pain management: a multi-site survey study
Authors: Fenta Efrem , Kibret Simegnew , Hunie Metages , Tamire Tadese , Eshetie Denberu , Seid Shimelis , Fentie Yewlsew , Amaha Eleni , Desse Tiruwork , Dejen Bantayehu , Essa Keder , Teshome Diriba 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundAdequate children’s pain management is universally considered an ethical obligation. In evaluating and treating children’s pain, nurses invest more time and take a leading role. This study aims to evaluate the knowledge and attitudes of nurses towards the treatment of pediatric pain.Materials and MethodsA total of 292 nurses working at four South Gondar Zone hospitals of Ethiopia was surveyed. To gather information from study participants, the Pediatric Nurses’ -Knowledge and Attitudes- Survey Regarding Pain (PNKAS) was employed. Frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation of the data were used for descriptive analysis, while Pearson correlation, one-way between-groups analysis of variance, and independent-samples t-test were used for inferential analysis.ResultsA large percentage of nurses (74.7%) lacked adequate knowledge and attitudes (PNKAS score &lt;50%) for pediatric pain treatment. The mean ± SD accurate response score of 43.1% ± 8.6% was achieved by nurses. An increase in pediatrics nursing experience was significantly correlated with nurses’ PNKAS score (p &lt; 0.001). The mean PNKAS scores of nurses who had official pain management training differed in a statistically significant way as compared to its counterpart (p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionNurses who are working South Gondar Zone of Ethiopia have insufficient knowledge and attitudes towards treatment of pediatric pain. Therefore, pediatric pain treatment in-service training is urgently needed.
Validation of the children international IgA nephropathy prediction tool based on data in Southwest China
Authors: Yu Xixi , Li Jiacheng , Tao Chengrong , Jiao Jia , Wan Junli , Zhong Cheng , Yang Qin , Shi Yongqi , Zhang Gaofu , Yang Haiping , Li Qiu , Wang Mo 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundImmunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) is one of the most common kidney diseases leading to renal injury. Of pediatric cases, 25%–30% progress into end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) in 20–25 years. Therefore, predicting and intervening in IgAN at an early stage is crucial. The purpose of this study was to validate the availability of an international predictive tool for childhood IgAN in a cohort of children with IgAN treated at a regional medical centre.MethodsAn external validation cohort of children with IgAN from medical centers in Southwest China was formed to validate the predictive performance of the two full models with and without race differences by comparing four measures: area under the curve (AUC), the regression coefficient of linear prediction (PI), survival analysis curves for different risk groups, and R2D.ResultsA total of 210 Chinese children, including 129 males, with an overall mean age of 9.43 ± 2.71 years, were incorporated from this regional medical center. In total, 11.43% (24/210) of patients achieved an outcome with a GFR decrease of more than 30% or reached ESKD. The AUC of the full model with race was 0.685 (95% CI: 0.570–0.800) and the AUC of the full model without race was 0.640 (95% CI: 0.517–0.764). The PI of the full model with race and without race was 0.816 (SE = 0.006, P &lt; 0.001) and 0.751 (SE = 0.005, P &lt; 0.001), respectively. The results of the survival curve analysis suggested the two models could not well distinguish between the low-risk and high-risk groups (P = 0.359 and P = 0.452), respectively, no matter the race difference. The evaluation of model fit for the full model with race was 66.5% and without race was 56.2%.ConclusionsThe international IgAN prediction tool has risk factors chosen based on adult data, and the validation cohort did not fully align with the derivation cohort in terms of demographic characteristics, clinical baseline levels, and pathological presentation, so the tool may not be highly applicable to children. We need to build IgAN prediction models that are more applicable to Chinese children based on their particular data.
Laparoscopic extraction of a urethral self-inflicted needle from pelvis in a boy: a case report
Authors: Wang Xiaoqing , Wu Xiangyu , Liu Wei , Du Guoqiang , Wang Yanze , Wu Rongde , Guo Feng 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionSelf-insertion of foreign bodies in the urethra is an infrequent occurrence in children, and their management aims to minimize urethral morbidity. Endoscopic removal presents a significant challenge, particularly in boys. Currently, there are few reports on laparoscopic management of urethral foreign bodies that have migrated to the pelvic cavity.Case descriptionAn 11-year-old boy presented to the emergency department with complaints of increased frequency of micturition and dysuria. A sharp sewing needle was discovered lodged in the posterior urethra mucosa during cystoscopy. Attempts to remove the needle using an endoscopic grasping forceps were unsuccessful due to the forceps' weak biting power. During a digital rectal examination, the needle migrated into the pelvic region, wedged between the prostatic urethra and the rectal ampulla. After careful inspection of the peritoneal reflection over the fundus of the bladder, the needle was identified and successfully removed through laparoscopy without any complications. Psychiatric counseling was advised for this patient, who was in good condition during an 8-week follow-up.ConclusionsOur case demonstrates the first recorded use of laparoscopy to remove a self-inserted urethral needle that had migrated into the pelvic region, after failed attempts at endoscopic extraction. Future cases may benefit from considering laparoscopic interventions for similar circumstances.
COVID-19 vaccination effectiveness and safety in vulnerable populations: a meta-analysis of 33 observational studies
Authors: Li Hui-Jun , Yang Qi-Chao , Yao Yang-Yang , Huang Cheng-Yang , Yin Fu-Qiang , Xian-Yu Chen-Yang , Zhang Chao , Chen Shao-Juan 
Published: June 2023

Background: Even 3 years into the COVID-19 pandemic, questions remain about how to safely and effectively vaccinate vulnerable populations. A systematic analysis of the safety and efficacy of the COVID-19 vaccine in at-risk groups has not been conducted to date.Methods: This study involved a comprehensive search of PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Central Controlled Trial Registry data through 12 July 2022. Post-vaccination outcomes included the number of humoral and cellular immune responders in vulnerable and healthy populations, antibody levels in humoral immune responders, and adverse events.Results: A total of 23 articles assessing 32 studies, were included. The levels of IgG (SMD = −1.82, 95% CI [−2.28, −1.35]), IgA (SMD = −0.37, 95% CI [−0.70, −0.03]), IgM (SMD = −0.94, 95% CI [−1.38, −0.51]), neutralizing antibodies (SMD = −1.37, 95% CI [−2.62, −0.11]), and T cells (SMD = −1.98, 95% CI [−3.44, −0.53]) were significantly lower in vulnerable than in healthy populations. The positive detection rates of IgG (OR = 0.05, 95% CI [0.02, 0.14]) and IgA (OR = 0.03, 95% CI [0.01, 0.11]) antibodies and the cellular immune response rates (OR = 0.20, 95% CI [0.09, 0.45]) were also lower in the vulnerable populations. There were no statistically significant differences in fever (OR = 2.53, 95% CI [0.11, 60.86]), chills (OR = 2.03, 95% CI [0.08, 53.85]), myalgia (OR = 10.31, 95% CI [0.56, 191.08]), local pain at the injection site (OR = 17.83, 95% CI [0.32, 989.06]), headache (OR = 53.57, 95% CI [3.21, 892.79]), tenderness (OR = 2.68, 95% CI [0.49, 14.73]), and fatigue (OR = 22.89, 95% CI [0.45, 1164.22]) between the vulnerable and healthy populations.Conclusion: Seroconversion rates after COVID-19 vaccination were generally worse in the vulnerable than healthy populations, but there was no difference in adverse events. Patients with hematological cancers had the lowest IgG antibody levels of all the vulnerable populations, so closer attention to these patients is recommended. Subjects who received the combined vaccine had higher antibody levels than those who received the single vaccine.