bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic performance of the NRS2002, NUTRIC, and modified NUTRIC to identify high nutritional risk in severe acute pancreatitis patients
Authors: Chen Dayu , Zhao Bing , Wang Linyu , Qiu Yusi , Mao Enqiang , Sheng Huiqiu , Jing Feng , Ge Weihong , Bian Xiaolan , Chen Erzhen , He Juan 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundAcute pancreatitis (AP) is the most common gastrointestinal disease requiring hospital admission. AP patients are categorized as mild, moderately severe, and severe AP (SAP). For SAP patients, malnutrition increases susceptibility to infection and mortality. The Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS 2002), the Nutrition Risk in Critically Ill (NUTRIC) score and modified Nutrition Risk in Critically Ill (mNUTRIC) are nutritional risk screening tools of critically ill patients and have not been validated in patients with SAP. It is essential to evaluate the prognostic performance of these nutritional risk screening tools.Materials and methodsA retrospective study was designed to validate the NRS 2002, NUTRIC, and mNUTRIC when applied to SAP patients. Receiver operating characteristic curves were plotted to investigate the predictive ability of clinical outcomes by comparing areas under the curve (AUC). Appropriate cut-offs were calculated by using Youden’s index. Patients were identified as being at high nutritional risk according to the calculated cut-off values. The effects of different scoring systems on mortalities were calculated using the Cox proportional hazards model. Logistic regression was used to assess the association between the energy provision and 28-day mortality.ResultsFrom January 2013 to December 2019, 234 SAP patients were included and analyzed. Patients categorized as high nutritional risk by the NRS 2002 (12.6% versus 1.9% for 28-day and 20.5% versus 3.7% for 90-day), NUTRIC (16.2% versus 0.0% for 28-day and 27.0% versus 0.0% for 90-day), and mNUTRIC (16.4% versus 0.0% for 28-day and 26.4% versus 0.8% for 90-day) had significant higher mortality than those categorized as low nutritional risk. The NUTRIC (AUC: 0.861 for 28-day mortality and 0.871 for 90-day mortality, both cut-off value ≥3) and mNUTRIC (AUC: 0.838 for 28-day and 0.828 for 90-day mortality, both cut-off value ≥3) showed better predictive ability of the 28- and 90-day mortality than the NRS 2002 (AUC: 0.706 for 28-day mortality and 0.695 for 90-day mortality, both cut-off value ≥5).ConclusionThe NRS 2002, NUTRIC, and mNUTRIC scores were predictors for the 28- and 90-day mortalities. The NUTRIC and mNUTRIC showed better predictive ability compared with the NRS 2002 when applied to SAP patients.
Clinical characteristics and overall survival prognostic nomogram for metaplastic breast cancer
Authors: Zheng Caihong , Fu Chengbin , Wen Yahui , Liu Jiameng , Lin Shunguo , Han Hui , Han Zhonghua , Xu Chunsen 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundMetaplastic breast cancer (MBC) is a rare breast tumor and the prognostic factors for survival in patients still remain controversial. This study aims to develop and validate a nomogram to predict the overall survival (OS) of patients with MBC.MethodsWe searched the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database for data about patients including metaplastic breast cancer and infiltrating ductal carcinoma (IDC) from 2010 to 2018. The survival outcomes of patients between MBC and IDC were analyzed and compared with the Kaplan-Meier (KM) method. MBC patients were randomly allocated to the training set and validation I set by a ratio of eight to two. Meanwhile, the performance of this model was validated again by the validation II set, which consisted of MBC patients from the Union Hospital of Fujian Medical University between 2010 and 2018. The independent prognostic factors were selected by univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. The nomogram was constructed to predict individual survival outcomes for MBC patients. The discriminative power, calibration, and clinical effectiveness of the nomogram were evaluated by the concordance index (C-index), the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and the decision curve analysis (DCA).ResultsMBC had a significantly higher T stage (T2 and above accounting for 75.1% vs 39.9%), fewer infiltrated lymph nodes (N0 accounted for 76.2% vs 67.7%), a lower proportion of ER (22.2% vs 81.2%), PR (13.6% vs 71.4%), and HER-2(6.7% vs 17.7%) positive, radiotherapy(51.6% vs 58.0%) but more chemotherapy(67.5% vs 44.7%), and a higher rate of mastectomy(53.2% vs 36.8%), which was discovered when comparing the clinical baseline data between MBC and IDC. Age at diagnosis, T, N, and M stage, as well as surgery and radiation treatment, were all significant independent prognostic factors for overall survival (OS). In the validation I cohort, the nomogram’s C-index (0.769 95% CI 0.710 -0.828) was indicated to be considerably higher than the standard AJCC model’s (0.700 95% CI 0.644 -0.756). Nomogram’s great predictive capability capacity further was supported by the comparatively high C-index of the validation II sets (0.728 95%CI 0.588-0.869).ConclusionsMetaplastic breast cancer is more aggressive, with a worse clinical prognosis than IDC. This nomogram is recommended for patients with MBC, both American and Chinese, which can help clinicians make more accurate individualized survival analyses.
Correlations between contrast-enhanced ultrasound and microvessel density in non-small cell lung cancer: A prospective study
Authors: Chen Wuxi , Zhang Yuxin , Tang Jiaxin , Wei Dongjun , Liao Haixing , Zhang Shiyu , He Liantu , Tang Qing 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundImmunohistochemical microvessel density (MVD) is an early indicator of angiogenesis and it could be used to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We sought to identify the ability of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in evaluating MVD of subpleural NSCLC.MethodsWe prospectively collected CEUS data of NSCLC confirmed by ultrasound-guided transthoracic needle biopsy from October 2019 to February 2021, The MVD of NSCLC counted by CD34-positive vessels of immunohistochemical staining. Microflow enhancement (MFE) of CEUS was divided into “dead wood”, “cotton”, and “vascular” patterns. Pathology subgroup and MVD between different MFE patterns were analyzed, respectively. The arrival time, time to peak, peak intensity (PI), and area under curve (AUC) derivefrom time-intensity curve of CEUS with MVD in NSCLC and its pathological subgroups (adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma) were subjected to correlation analysis.ResultsA total of 87 patients were included in this study, consisting of 53 cases of adenocarcinoma and 34 cases of squamous cell carcinoma with a mean MVD of 27.8 ± 12.2 mm–1. There was a significant statistical difference in MFE patterns between two pathological subgroups (p &lt; 0.05). Besides, the MVD of “cotton” and “vascular” patterns were significantly higher than that of “dead wood” pattern (both of p &lt; 0.05), whereas there was no significant difference in MVD between “cotton” pattern and “vascular” pattern. PI and AUC of CEUS were positively correlated with the MVD of NSCLC (r = 0.497, p &lt; 0.001, and r = 0.367, p &lt; 0.001, respectively). Besides, PI and AUC of CEUS were positively correlated with the MVD of squamous cell carcinoma (r = 0.802, and r = 0.663, respectively; both of p &lt; 0.001). Only the PI was positively correlated with the MVD of lung adenocarcinoma (r = 0.288, p = 0.037).ConclusionsMFE patterns and quantitative parameters of CEUS had good correlation with MVD of NSCLC, especially in squamous cell carcinoma.
Impact of work demand constraints on psychological distress through workplace bullying and personality traits: A moderated-mediation model
Authors: Naseem Khalida , Ali Majid 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionThis study addressed the human aspects of sustainable development in organizations by applying work demand resource theory and the main focus of the study is to investigate the negative aspects of workplace bullying on human’s mental health. This study investigated how the work demand constraints play a role in increasing psychological distress among employees through the mediation of workplace bullying. This study also considers personality traits that play a role in preventing psychological distress resulting from workplace bullying.MethodsThe authors collected data by means of a self-administered questionnaire. The questionnaire was distributed among 1000 employees selected using a systematic sampling technique, patronized among three service sectors: the health sector, education sector, and forest department in the city of Lahore in Pakistan. The data was analyzed by employing Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) using Smart PLS 3.3.3.ResultsResults of this study reveal that work demand constraints (WDC) play a significant role in workplace bullying and impact increasing psychological distress. Personality traits play a moderating role between work demand constraints and workplace bullying behavior on the one hand and psychological distress on the other hand; however, openness to experiences was found to have a moderating relationship between work demand constraints and workplace bullying. Meanwhile, agreeableness and openness to experiences were found to have a moderating relationship between work demand constraints (WDC) and psychological distress.DiscussionThis study also has practical implications for employers, such as providing psychological counseling, personality development training at the workplace etc. The relationship of work demand constraints with psychological distress and workplace bullying through direct and indirect moderating effects of personality traits in Pakistan’s service sector are unique contributions of this study.
Travel intentions of travelers in the COVID-19 context: The moderation of fear of COVID-19
Authors: Tu Ruonan , Park Sung Kyu , Ding Yi 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionThe spread of COVID-19 pandemic in early 2020 has significantly affected the tourism industry. Most current tourism research on emergencies focuses on issues such as the revitalization of the tourism economy. However, research on aspects such as visitor perception has not received sufficient attention, This study contributes to the literature by analyzing the effects of social interactions, multidimensional perceived value, fear of COVID-19, and age on travelers’ travel intentions during the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodThis study constructs a structural equation model, formulates the corresponding hypotheses, investigates Chinese travelers, and verifies the moderating effect of COVID-19 fear.ResultsAll of the proposed hypotheses were verified. The three dimensions of perceived value and satisfaction had a significant mediating effect in the relationship between perceived quality and travel intention, and that fear of COVID-19 had a significant moderating effect in the relationship between satisfaction and travel intention. With the moderation of fear of COVID-19, age had a significantly negative effect on travel intention.DiscussionGiven extant research demonstrating that both math activities and math talk predict children’s math skills, our results stress the need for multimethod studies that differentiate among these HME opportunitiesThe findings confirmed a significant mediating effect of the three dimensions of perceived value and satisfaction on perceived quality and travel intention. fear of COVID-19 had a significant moderating effect on satisfaction and travel intention. In addition, age had a significant negative effect on travel intention under the moderation of fear of COVID-19; thus, travel intention decreases with age.
Predicting behavioral and brain markers of inhibitory control at preschool age from early measures of executive attention
Authors: Conejero Ángela , Rico-Picó Josué , Moyano Sebastián , Hoyo Ángela , Rueda M. Rosario 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundInhibitory control (IC) is the ability to prevent prepotent responses when inappropriate. Longitudinal research on IC development has mainly focused on early childhood and adolescence, while research on IC development in the first years of life is still scarce. To address this gap in the literature, we explored the association between executive attention (EA) and elementary forms of IC in infancy and toddlerhood, with individual differences in IC later at 5 years of age.MethodWe conducted a five-wave longitudinal study in which children’s EA and IC (n = 96) were tested at the age of 9 and 16 months and 2, 3, and 5 years. Children performed various age-appropriate EA and IC tasks in each wave, measuring inhibition of attention, endogenous control of attention, inhibition of the response, and conflict inhibition. At 5 years of age, IC was measured with a Go/No-go task while recording event-related potentials. After correlation analyses, structural equation model analyses were performed to predict IC at 5 years of age from EA and early IC measures.ResultsThe results revealed that EA at 9 months predicted IC measures at 2 years of age. Likewise, measures of IC at 2 years predicted performance on the Go/No-go task at behavioral and neural levels. No direct association was found between EA at 9 months and IC at 5 years of age. We further observed that some EA and IC measures were not associated across time.ConclusionAs we expected, EA skills in infancy and toddlerhood were related to better performance of children on IC tasks, toghether with a more mature inhibition-related brain functioning. Altogether, the results indicate that IC in early childhood could be predicted from EA and IC at 9 months and 2 years of age and suggest that the early emergence of IC relies on the development of particular EA and basic IC skills. However, some discontinuities in the longitudinal development of IC are observed in the first 5 years of life. These findings provide further support for the hierarchical model of IC development.
Post-traumatic growth of people who have experienced earthquakes: Qualitative research systematic literature review
Authors: Jung Hyun-Ok , Han Seung-Woo 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionEarthquakes can have a variety of physical, emotional, and social effects on the people who experience them. Post-traumatic Growth (PTG) results from people attempting to reconstruct their lives after experiencing a traumatic event. We intend to inform the local community of the importance of disaster psychology by identifying and analyzing the literature on post-traumatic growth experiences of subjects who experienced earthquakes.MethodsThis study applied a systematic review of qualitative research published from January 1, 2012 to January 31, 2021 to understand PTG in people who have experienced earthquakes. The search expressions “Post-traumatic Growth”, “Earthquake”, “Qualitative” were applied to CINAHL, EMBASE, PubMed, PsycInfo, KISS, RISS, and NDSL databases. Initially, 720 papers were found; after removal of duplicates, 318 remained. After a review of titles and abstracts, 186 papers that did not meet the selection criteria of this study were removed. After a further examination of the remaining 132 papers, the researchers removed 65 papers that did not match the research topic. Lastly, of the remaining 67 papers, detailed review eliminated quantitative papers that did not match this study (25), articles that were not original (19), articles in which results were not PTG (8), articles that were not related to this study (3), articles that were not written in English (2), or articles that had mixed topics (2). Eight papers remained.ResultsThe results of this study show that the PTG in people who have experienced earthquakes can be classified into three categories: “Change in self-perception”, “Change of interpersonal relationships”, and “Spiritual change”. They can be further classified into eight subcategories: “Reviewing one's existence”, “Acceptance”, “Discovering strengths by working through adversity”, “Gratitude for life”, “Changes in personal relations”, “Changes in social relations”, “Accepting the existence of God”, and “A breakthrough to overcome difficulties”.DiscussionThese results can be used as basic data for a positive psychological understanding for those who have experienced earthquake trauma.
Reproductive health service use and associated factors among youths in Becho district, southwest Ethiopia
Authors: Waga Teshome Tolosa , Shuremu Muluneh , Zewdie Asrat , Kera Abeza Mitiku , Degefa Gutama Haile 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundYoung people are less informed, less experienced, and less at ease when it comes to accessing reproductive health services than adults. Though youth-friendly services are designed to accommodate the unique needs of youth, in developing countries like Ethiopia, studies on the level of utilization of reproductive health services are limited.ObjectivesThis study determined the level of reproductive health (RH) service use and associated factors among youths.MethodsA community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Becho district, Illubabor zone, southwest Ethiopia. A multistage random sampling technique was used to select 702 youths, regardless of their marital status. A pre-tested interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. The questionnaire includes questions on socio-demographic characteristics, sexual and reproductive health characteristics, knowledge, and components of RH assessment. The data was entered into Epidata version 3.1 and analyzed using SPSS version 22. Multivariable binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with the utilization of reproductive health services at a p &lt; 0.05.ResultsA total of 647 youths participated in the study, constituting a response rate of 92.1%. Male youths made up 51.5% of the respondents, with an average (±SD) age of 19.38 (±2.69) years. Reproductive health (RH) services were utilized by 43.9% of youths. Knowledge of RH services (AOR = 4.11; 95% CI: 2.77, 6.09), discussion with family (AOR = 2.18; 95% CI: 1.38, 3.45), history of sexual exposure (AOR = 2.94; 95% CI: 1.95, 4.43), shorter distance from a health facility (AOR = 2.42; 95% CI: 1.63, 3.57), and history of reproductive health problems (AOR = 2.4; 95% CI: 1.34, 4.31) were associated with RH service utilization.ConclusionThe use of reproductive health services among youths is found to be low. Knowledge about reproductive health services, discussion with parents, sexual exposure, distance, and previous experience with reproductive health problems shaped the utilization of RH services by youth. Improving knowledge through information dissemination, creating awareness to increase parent-child intimacy, and expanding health services should be emphasized.
Adaptation and altitude sickness: A 40-year bibliometric analysis and collaborative networks
Authors: Zila-Velasque J. Pierre , Grados-Espinoza Pamela , Morán-Mariños Cristian , Morales Pocco Kevin O. , Capcha-Jimenez Uriel S. , Ortiz-Benique Zhamanda N. 
Published: March 2023

Introduction:We analyze the scientific production and collaboration networks of studies based on adaptation and altitude diseases in the period 1980–2020.MethodsThe publications were extracted from journals indexed in Scopus. The bibliometric analysis was used to analyze the scientific production, including the number of annual publications, the documents, and the characteristics of the publications. With the VOSviewer software, the analysis of collaborative networks, productivity of the countries, as well as the analysis of the co-occurrence of keywords were visualized.Results15,240 documents were registered, of which 3,985 documents were analyzed. A significant trend was observed in the number of publications (R2: 0.9847; P: &lt; 0.001), with annual growth of 4.6%. The largest number of publications were original articles (77.8%), these published more frequently in the journal “Altitude Medicine and Biology”. The largest number of countries were from Europe and Asia; however, the largest collaboration network was with the United States. Of the countries with high altitudes, China and Peru ranked first in scientific productivity. The research priorities were on the adaptation mechanism (37.1%), mainly anoxia and respiratory function. Acute mountain sickness (18.4%) and pulmonary edema (14.7%) were the most reported diseases. Of the top 10 institutions, “University of Colorado” and “Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia” contributed more than 100 publications.ConclusionsScientific production on adaptation and altitude illnesses continues to grow. The United States and United Kingdom present collaborative networks with high-altitude countries. The research is aimed at studying the mechanisms of adaptation to altitude and acute mountain sickness.
Box-Behnken design based optimization of phenolic extractions from Polygonum equisetiforme roots linked to its antioxidant and antibacterial efficiencies
Authors: Elgudayem Farah , Aldiyab Abdullah , Albalawi Marzough Aziz , Omran Awatif , Kafkas Nesibe Ebru , Saghrouchni Hamza , Var Işil , Rahman Md Atikur , El Sabagh Ayman , Sakran Mohamed , Ben Ahmed Chedlia 
Published: March 2023

PurposeThePolygonum equisetifomeis a prospective plant source of high protein, unsaturated fatty acids, and useful safe bioactive molecules. Therefore, the aim of this study was to optimize the ultrasonic aqueous extraction of phenols fromP. equisetifomeroots using Box-Behnken design based statistical modeling, and to evaluate the antioxidant and antibacterial efficiencies ofP. equisetifomeroot extracts against pathogenic bacteria.MethodsIn this study, the box-behnken design was used to optimize the extraction of phenols. The extraction temperature (30–70°C), ultrasound assisted extraction (UAE) time (1–9 min), and liquid-solid ratio (35–45 mL/g) were investigated as the factors that influence the phenolic yield (Y1) and their DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging activity (Y2).ResultsThe optimal conditions for both responses were 50°C, 5 min, and 40 mL/g. At these conditions, Y1 reached its maximum to be 45.321 mg GAE/g dry weight and Y2 to be 120.354 μmol Trolox/g dry weight. TheP. equisetifomeroots contained water soluble phenol, high anthocyanin, and condensed tannins. Interestingly, theP. equisetifomeextracts showed a relation to its antioxidant and antibacterial activities, FRAP (Ferric-reducing/antioxidant power), and ABTS scavenging activity were determined. The morphological and physico-chemical features of the extract were analyzed using SEM-EDX, FT-IR, and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was analyzed against several pathogenic bacteria. The antibacterial activity of the extract showed that the extract is more efficient against Staphylococcus aureus, while theP. equisetifomeextracts showed efficient MIC againstS. aureus, followed by Bacillus cereus.SuggestionsThe relation ofP. equisetifomeextracts to its antioxidant, and antibacterial efficiencies open a new avenue of their potential uses in the food and pharmaceutical industries.