bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Co-option and neofunctionalization of stomatal executors for defence against herbivores in Brassicales
Authors: Shirakawa Makoto , Oguro Tomoki , Sugano Shigeo S. , Yamaoka Shohei , Sagara Mayu , Tanida Mai , Sunuma Kyoko , Iwami Takuya , Nakanishi Tatsuyoshi , Horiuchi Keita , Kumaishi Kie , Yoshida Soma , Watanabe Mutsumi , Tohge Takayuki , Suzuki Takamasa , Ichihashi Yasunori , Takemiya Atsushi , Yamaguchi Nobutoshi , Kohchi Takayuki , Ito Toshiro 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Co-option of gene regulatory networks leads to the acquisition of new cell types and tissues. Stomata, valves formed by guard cells (GCs), are present in most land plants and regulate CO2 exchange. The transcription factor (TF) FAMA globally regulates GC differentiation. In the Brassicales, FAMA also promotes the development of idioblast myrosin cells (MCs), another type of specialized cell along the vasculature essential for Brassicales-specific chemical defences. Here we show that in Arabidopsis thaliana, FAMA directly induces the TF gene WASABI MAKER (WSB), which triggers MC differentiation. WSB and STOMATAL CARPENTER 1 (SCAP1, a stomatal lineage-specific direct FAMA target), synergistically promote GC differentiation. wsb mutants lacked MCs and the wsb scap1 double mutant lacked normal GCs. Evolutionary analyses revealed that WSB is conserved across stomatous angiosperms. We propose that the conserved and reduced transcriptional FAMA–WSB module was co-opted before evolving to induce MC differentiation.
Deep structured learning with vision intelligence for oral carcinoma lesion segmentation and classification using medical imaging
Authors: Alzahrani Ahmad A. , Alsamri Jamal , Maashi Mashael , Negm Noha , Asklany Somia A. , Alkharashi Abdulwhab , Alkhiri Hassan , Obayya Marwa 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Oral carcinoma (OC) is a toxic illness among the most general malignant cancers globally, and it has developed a gradually significant public health concern in emerging and low-to-middle-income states. Late diagnosis, high incidence, and inadequate treatment strategies remain substantial challenges. Analysis at an initial phase is significant for good treatment, prediction, and existence. Despite the current growth in the perception of molecular devices, late analysis and methods near precision medicine for OC patients remain a challenge. A machine learning (ML) model was employed to improve early detection in medicine, aiming to reduce cancer-specific mortality and disease progression. Recent advancements in this approach have significantly enhanced the extraction and diagnosis of critical information from medical images. This paper presents a Deep Structured Learning with Vision Intelligence for Oral Carcinoma Lesion Segmentation and Classification (DSLVI-OCLSC) model for medical imaging. Using medical imaging, the DSLVI-OCLSC model aims to enhance OC’s classification and recognition outcomes. To accomplish this, the DSLVI-OCLSC model utilizes wiener filtering (WF) as a pre-processing technique to eliminate the noise. In addition, the ShuffleNetV2 method is used for the group of higher-level deep features from an input image. The convolutional bidirectional long short-term memory network with a multi-head attention mechanism (MA-CNN‐BiLSTM) approach is utilized for oral carcinoma recognition and identification. Moreover, the Unet3 + is employed to segment abnormal regions from the classified images. Finally, the sine cosine algorithm (SCA) approach is utilized to hyperparameter-tune the DL model. A wide range of simulations is implemented to ensure the enhanced performance of the DSLVI-OCLSC method under the OC images dataset. The experimental analysis of the DSLVI-OCLSC method portrayed a superior accuracy value of 98.47% over recent approaches.
Optimizing depression detection in clinical doctor-patient interviews using a multi-instance learning framework
Authors: Zhang Xu , Li Chenlong , Chen Weisi , Zheng Jiaxin , Li Feihong 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In recent years, the number of people suffering from depression has gradually increased, and early detection is of great significance for the well-being of the public. However, the current methods for detecting depression are relatively limited, typically relying on the self-rating depression scale (SDS) and interviews. These methods are influenced by subjective or environmental factors. To improve the objectivity and efficiency of diagnosis, deep learning techniques have been applied to the field of automatic depression detection (ADD), providing a more accurate and objective approach. During interviews, transcribed interview data is one of the most commonly used modalities in ADD. However, previous studies have only utilized response texts or selected question–answer pairs, resulting in information redundancy and loss. This paper is the first to apply the multiple instance learning (MIL) framework to the field of textual interview data, aiming to overcome issues of inadequate text representation and ineffective information extraction in long texts. In the MIL framework, each instance undergoes an independent feature extraction process, ensuring that the local features of each instance are fully captured. This not only enhances the overall text representation capability but also alleviates the issue of sample imbalance in the dataset. Additionally, this paper improves upon previous aggregation strategies by introducing two hyper-parameters to accommodate the uncertainties in the field of text sentiment. An ensemble model of MT5 and RoBERTa (referred to as multi-MTRB) was constructed to extract features from each instance and output confidence scores indicating the presence of depressive information in the instances. Due to the unique design of the MIL framework, the proposed method is highly interpretable and is able to identify specific sentences that identify people from depressed patients, while introducing LIME techniques to provide more in-depth interpretation of negative instance sentences. This provides a promising approach for depression detection in the context of text interview data patterns. We evaluated the proposed method on DAIC-WOZ and E-DAIC datasets with excellent results. The F1 score is 0.88 on the DAIC-WOZ dataset and 0.86 on the E-DAIC dataset.
Mindfulness-based stress reduction as perceived by individuals with pathological mental fatigue after an acquired brain injury
Authors: Glavå Gustaf , Johansson Birgitta 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
After acquired brain injury (ABI), some individuals suffer from long-term fatigue and emotional distress, which affects their work ability and daily life. Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) has shown promising results in quantitative studies as a complementary treatment for pathological mental fatigue (PMF) after ABI. This study aims to explore how people suffering from lasting PMF after ABI experience MBSR in relation to their PMF, with the intention of better meeting the rehabilitation needs of those affected. Seven individuals (mean age 42 years) who had suffered from long-lasting PMF after ABI took part in the study. None of them had resumed work due to their PMF, but all had recovered from neurological impairments. They were interviewed after completing an MBSR course. Thematic analysis of the participants’ perspectives suggested that the MBSR program provided them with coping techniques for living with PMF. They gained a deeper understanding of their condition becoming more self-compassionate, and the treatment provided them with a forum for meeting and sharing experiences with others with similar problems. The qualitative results strengthen the evidence for MBSR as a feasible psychoeducative complementary treatment for PMF after ABI.
Optimizing irrigation and nitrogen levels to achieve sustainable rice productivity and profitability
Authors: Mir Mohd Salim , Raja Waseem , Kanth Raihana Habib , Dar Eajaz Ahmad , Shah Zahoor Ahmad , Bhat Mohammad Anwar , Mir Aamir Hassan , Wani Fehim Jeelani , Bhat Tauseef A. , Bhat Javid Ahmad , Summuna Baby , Fayaz Umer , Fayaz Suhail , Bhat Bilal Ahmad , Al‑Ansari Nadhir , Mattar Mohamed A. , Salem Ali 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The global scarcity of irrigation water poses a significant challenge to the sustainable production of rice and its availability worldwide. With a growing population driving increased demand for rice, it is crucial to enhance rice production while minimizing water usage. Achieving this requires a comprehensive understanding of the complex interactions between water and nitrogen dynamics and the formulation of strategies to optimize the application of irrigation water and nitrogen fertilizers. This study aims to investigate the impact of varying irrigation regimes and nitrogen application rates on rice growth attributes, yield performance, overall crop productivity, and economic returns. In the 2021 and 2022 rice growing season, two field experiments were carried out in split plot design with four nitrogen levels in sub plots [N0: Control, N1: 75% RDN (Recommended dose of nitrogen; @ 120 kg N ha−1), N2: 100% RDN, and N3: 125% RDN] and four irrigation treatments in main plots [I1: recommended irrigation scheduling, I2: at field capacity (20 L m−2), I3: 10% depletion from field capacity (20 L m−2), and I4: 20% depletion from field capacity (20 L m−2). The experiments were replicated three times. The suggested irrigation scheduling treatment (flooded) showed improved growth characteristics, such as plant height, dry matter accumulation, leaf area index, tiller count, SPAD (Soil Plant Analysis Development) value, NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) value, leaf relative water content, and yield attributes; however, these were comparable to the application of irrigation water at field capacity. Due to improved plant growth and yield-attributing characteristics, the I1 treatment recorded the highest grain yield of 8.58 t ha−1 and 8.4 t ha−1, although it was comparable to the I2 treatment, which had grain yields of 8.27 t ha−1 and 8.15 t ha−1 in 2021 and 2022. The grain yield reported by the N3 treatment were significantly greater than those of the N2 treatment, IN 2021 and 2022 respectively. Applying nitrogen at 125% RDN (Recommended dose of nitrogen) and irrigation water at field capacity produced the highest benefit–cost ratio (1.64), which was closely followed by the same irrigation regime and 100% RDN application (1.60 BC ratio). Comparable to irrigation at field capacity, the suggested irrigation schedule demonstrated enhanced growth features, yield attributes, productivity, and profitability. The best way to achieve the optimum growth, productivity, and profitability in transplanted rice was to provide irrigation water at field capacity and nitrogen @ 100% RDN.
Exposure and survival of wild raptors during the 2022–2023 highly pathogenic influenza a virus outbreak
Authors: Rayment Kelsey M. , Franzen-Klein Dana , Kurimo-Beechuk Elizabeth , Poulson Rebecca L. , Brown Justin , Mendoza Kristelle , Etterson Matthew , Nicoletti Frank , Cardona Carol , Stallknecht David E. , Hall Victoria 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The global outbreak of clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 highly pathogenic influenza A virus (HP H5N1) has had an unprecedented impact on wild birds including raptors, but long-term population impacts have not been addressed. To determine if raptors survive infections with HP H5N1, raptors from the upper Midwest United States were serologically tested for antibodies to influenza A virus (IAV), H5 and N1. Raptors were sampled at The Raptor Center’s (University of Minnesota) wildlife rehabilitation hospital and at Hawk Ridge Bird Observatory. Samples were tested for IAV antibodies using a commercially available blocking ELISA, with positive samples tested for antibodies to H5 and N1. Antibodies to IAV were detected in 86 out of 316 individuals representing 7 species. Antibodies to H5 and N1 were detected in 60 individuals representing 6 species. Bald eagles had the highest seroprevalence with 67/97 (69.1%) seropositive for IAV and 52 of these 67 (77.6%) testing positive for antibodies to both H5 and N1. Prevalence of antibodies to IAV observed in this study was higher than reported from raptors sampled in this same region in 2012. The high prevalence of antibodies to H5 and N1 indicates a higher survival rate post-HP H5N1 infection in raptors than previously believed.
Nanomolar inhibitor of the galectin-8 N-terminal domain binds via a non-canonical cation-π interaction
Authors: Purić Edvin , Hassan Mujtaba , Sjövall Fredrik , Tomašič Tihomir , Pevec Mojca , Lah Jurij , Forteza Jaume Adrover , Sundin Anders , Leffler Hakon , Nilsson Ulf J. , Logan Derek T. , Anderluh Marko 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Galectin-8 is a tandem-repeat galectin consisting of two distinct carbohydrate recognition domains and is a potential drug target. We have developed a library of galectin-8N inhibitors that exhibit high nanomolar K
d values as determined by a competitive fluorescence polarization assay. A detailed thermodynamic analysis of the binding of d-galactosides to galectin-8N by isothermal titration calorimetry reveals important differences in enthalpic and/or entropic contributions to binding. Contrary to expectations, the binding of 2-O-propargyl-d-galactoside was found to strongly increase the binding enthalpy, whereas the binding of 2-O-carboxymethylene-d-galactoside was surprisingly less enthalpy-driven. The results of our work suggest that the ethynyl group can successfully replace the carboxylate group when targeting the water-exposed guanidine moiety of a critical arginine residue. This results in only a minor loss of affinity and an adjusted enthalpic contribution to the overall binding due to non-canonical cation-π interactions, as evidenced by the obtained crystal structure of 2-O-propargyl-d-galactoside in complex with the N-terminal domain of galectin-8. Such an interaction has neither been identified nor discussed to date in a small-molecule ligand-protein complex.
Modular in vivo assembly of Arabidopsis FCA oligomers into condensates competent for RNA 3’ processing
Authors: Jang Geng-Jen , Payne-Dwyer Alex L , Maple Robert , Wu Zhe , Liu Fuquan , Lopez Sergio G , Wang Yanning , Fang Xiaofeng , Leake Mark C , Dean Caroline 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Our understanding of the functional requirements underpinning biomolecular condensation in vivo is still relatively poor. The Arabidopsis RNA binding protein FLOWERING CONTROL LOCUS A (FCA) is found in liquid-like nuclear condensates that function in transcription termination, promoting proximal polyadenylation at many target genes in the Arabidopsis genome. To further understand the properties of these condensates in vivo, we used single-particle tracking experiments on FCA reporters stably expressed at endogenous levels in plant nuclei. SEC-MALS analyses suggested that FCA forms a core oligomer consistent with a size of four molecules; in vivo particle tracking indicated that this core molecule multimerizes into higher-order particles. The ensuing assemblies coalesce into macromolecular condensates via the coiled-coil protein FLL2, which is genetically required for FCA function. Accordingly, FLL2 predominately co-localizes with FCA in larger-sized condensates. A missense mutation in the FCA RRM domain, also genetically required for FCA function, reduced average size of both FCA particles and condensates, but did not perturb the core oligomer. Our work points to a modular structure for FCA condensates, involving multimerization of core oligomers assembled into functional macromolecular condensates via associated RNA and FLL2 interactions.
Comparative Study of Immobilization Protocols after Arthroscopic Suture of Peripheral and Foveal TFCC Injuries: A Cohort Study of 387 Patients
Authors: Dufournier Benjamin , Baudouin Edouard , Mathoulin Christophe , Gras Mathilde , Arnaout Ahlam , de Villeneuve Bargemon Jean-Baptiste , Merlini Lorenzo 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Introduction The triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) is the main stabilizer of the distal radio-ulnar joint. There is a wide disparity in postoperative immobilization after arthroscopic suturing of the TFCC. Moreover, there are no studies focused specifically on the subject.
Hypothesis Because of its effect on pronosupination, we can ask ourselves whether immobilization of the elbow (during part or all of the immobilization) after arthroscopic suture of the TFCC is necessary.
Materials and Methods We performed a single-center, retrospective, comparative study with an inclusion period of January 2015 to December 2021. The lesions were classified according to the Atzei classification with peripheral or foveal lesions. Patients were divided into three groups based on postoperative immobilization. We compared the postoperative results of arthroscopic suturing of the TFCC of peripheral and proximal lesions according to three methods of immobilization (6 weeks wrist immobilization [group 1]), 3 weeks wrist and elbow immobilization then 3 weeks wrist immobilization [group 2], and 6 weeks wrist and elbow immobilization [group 3]). The primary outcome was the QuickDASH (disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand), and as secondary outcomes, range of motion (°), grip strength (kg), pain (numeric rating scale [NRS]), the presence of distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) instability, and postoperative complications were analyzed. After the operation, the patients were systematically followed up at 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year. The data collected are at 1 year of postoperative follow-up.
Results We included 387 patients in our study, with an average age of 32.6 years. A total of 302 peripheral lesions and 85 foveal lesions were included. Concerning the “peripheral” population, the difference in the QuickDASH was significantly different between the three groups with a greater improvement in group 2. Group 2 differed from the others in having less postoperative pain but less recovery of grip strength and flexion. Concerning the “foveal” population, the difference in the QuickDASH was significantly different between the three groups, with a greater improvement in group 1 with lower pain in this group.
Discussion With the results of this study, we propose to carry out an immobilization of 3 weeks wrist and elbow then 3 weeks only wrist for the peripheral lesions, and an immobilization 6 weeks of the pronosupination for the foveal lesions of TFCC.
Level of Evidence IV.
Reliability of a Standardized Ultrasound Protocol for the Diagnosis of Thoracic Outlet Syndrome
Authors: Stegemann Emilia , Larbig Jana , Portig Irene , Weiske Nadine , Bürger Thomas , Stegemann Berthold 
Published: February 2025

AbstractArterial thoracic outlet syndrome (aTOS) is a rare condition, but if undiagnosed, it can have serious consequences for affected patients, up to and including limb loss. Ultrasound could be used here as a widely available method for screening, but it is said to have very high investigator dependence. The fact that ultrasound can be used safely for diagnostic purposes has already been demonstrated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the repeatability of a standardized examination for the diagnosis of aTOS.We recruited inpatients with high-grade suspected arterial thoracic outlet syndrome who were evaluated for invasive therapy at our TOS center. Routine diagnostics were performed according to clinic standards. In addition, 2 sonographers, one highly experienced and one less experienced, performed ultrasound diagnosis according to a standardized protocol. Image acquisition and interpretation were performed independently, and sonographers were mutually blinded. For analysis, the experienced sonographer served as a reference. Agreement between assessors was analyzed using concordance analysis.51 consecutive patients (67% female) aged 39.3±13.0 years were included within 11 months. The standardized ultrasound protocol could be performed in all patients. The prevalence of TOS was high (79.4%; CI: 71.4–87.3%) in our cohort. Ultrasound inter-rater agreement using the standardized protocol was very good at 0.820 (CI: 0.624–1.000).Ultrasound diagnosis of TOS using a standardized protocol can be performed effectively and shows a high agreement between 2 sonographers.
Descending the Reconstruction Ladder: Single-Stage Full-Thickness Skin Grafting for Wide Nasal Skin Malignant Defects
Authors: Villegas-Alzate Francisco J. , Cabezas-Charry Ana G. , Cardona Víctor A. , Ayala Juan F. , Villegas José D. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Background Complex nasal reconstructions traditionally use staged flaps, with skin grafts reserved for smaller defects.
Objective This study evaluates single-stage full-thickness skin grafting (FTSG) for wide nasal defects postcancer resection.
Materials and Methods A retrospective analysis included 52 patients with nasal malignant lesions limited to the skin, reconstructed in a single stage immediately after cancer resections. Defects were intentionally over- or downsized to align with the esthetic unit concept. Templates of the defects were used to harvest FTSG. All donor areas were closed primarily. The graft was carefully sutured to fit the defect, and bolsters were applied for 5 to 12 days. Postoperative taping was used for 4 months. Postoperative photographs were assessed by 92 independent raters using a visual analog scale evaluating five parameters: skin color matching, surface regularity, symmetry, perimetral contours, and overall nasal appearance. Results and complications were analyzed for statistical associations.
Results On average, 3.5 of 9 nasal units per patient were reconstructed, covering 55.5% of the nasal surface. Local anesthesia was used in 90.4% of cases. Periclavicular and retroauricular donor sites were used in 61.5 and 34.6% of cases, respectively. Evaluators rated the outcomes at an average of 7.1/10 (range 5.1–8.8). The complication rate was 15.4%. No significant correlations were found between the outcomes and the analyzed factors.
Conclusion FTSG effectively reconstructs wide nasal defects in a single stage, predominantly under local anesthesia, with satisfactory outcomes. This approach signifies a descent down the reconstruction ladder, shifting from complex, flap-staged methods to a single-stage solution.
Comparision of a Glove-Based Dressing Regimen with Conventional Dressings in Treatment of Superficial Partial-Thickness and Small Deep-Dermal Hand Burns
Authors: Chalwade Chandrashekhar Subhash , Teja Mudunuri Ravi , Mago Raghav , Sawant Abhijeet D. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Background In cases of burns affecting the hand, minimizing morbidity and disability is crucial. Early mobilization is essential to prevent persistent contractures and optimize functional outcomes by gradually improving range of motion. The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of a glove-based dressing regimen in treating superficial partial-thickness and small deep-dermal hand burns compared to conventional dressings.
Materials and Methods This study was conducted in a burn department affiliated with a tertiary care center over a period of 1 year between January 2018 and December 2018. A total of 75 digits (23 hands of 14 patients) were included in the study with 38 under a case group and 37 under a control group. The primary outcome of study was evaluated by assessing the edema, healing time, and mobility of the affected digit.
Results Mean healing time in the case group was 12.4 days (range: 11–14, standard deviation [SD]: 0.992). The mean VAS (visual analog scale) score was 8.42 (range: 13–17, SD: 1.136). The percentage increase in mobility was 70.81% in the case group (glove dressing) as opposed to 46.57% in the control group (conventional dressing) at 10 days post-burn, which was statistically significant.
Conclusion Sterile glove dressing techniques can be handy and a convenient method for dressing of hand burn injuries.