bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microglial CD68 and L-ferritin upregulation in response to phosphorylated-TDP-43 pathology in the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis brain
Authors: Swanson Molly E. V. , Mrkela Miran , Murray Helen C. , Cao Maize C. , Turner Clinton , Curtis Maurice A. , Faull Richard L. M. , Walker Adam K. , Scotter Emma L. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMicroglia, the innate immune cells of the brain, are activated by damage or disease. In mouse models of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), microglia shift from neurotrophic to neurotoxic states with disease progression. It remains unclear how human microglia change relative to the TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) aggregation that occurs in 97% of ALS cases. Here we examine spatial relationships between microglial activation and TDP-43 pathology in brain tissue from people with ALS and from a TDP-43-driven ALS mouse model. Post-mortem human brain tissue from the Neurological Foundation Human Brain Bank was obtained from 10 control and 10 ALS cases in parallel with brain tissue from a bigenicNEFH-tTA/tetO-hTDP-43∆NLS (rNLS) mouse model of ALS at disease onset, early disease, and late disease stages. The spatiotemporal relationship between microglial activation and ALS pathology was determined by investigating microglial functional marker expression in brain regions with low and high TDP-43 burden at end-stage human disease: hippocampus and motor cortex, respectively. Sections were immunohistochemically labelled with a two-round multiplexed antibody panel against; microglial functional markers (L-ferritin, HLA-DR, CD74, CD68, and Iba1), a neuronal marker, an astrocyte marker, and pathological phosphorylated TDP-43 (pTDP-43). Single-cell levels of microglial functional markers were quantified using custom analysis pipelines and mapped to anatomical regions and ALS pathology. We identified a significant increase in microglial Iba1 and CD68 expression in the human ALS motor cortex, with microglial CD68 being significantly correlated with pTDP-43 pathology load. We also identified two subpopulations of microglia enriched in the ALS motor cortex that were defined by high L-ferritin expression. A similar pattern of microglial changes was observed in the rNLS mouse, with an increase first in CD68 and then in L-ferritin expression, with both occurring only after pTDP-43 inclusions were detectable. Our data strongly suggest that microglia are phagocytic at early-stage ALS but transition to a dysfunctional state at end-stage disease, and that these functional states are driven by pTDP-43 aggregation. Overall, these findings enhance our understanding of microglial phenotypes and function in ALS.
Big Data and precision agriculture: a novel spatio-temporal semantic IoT data management framework for improved interoperability
Authors: San Emeterio de la Parte Mario , Martínez-Ortega José-Fernán , Hernández Díaz Vicente , Martínez Néstor Lucas 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPrecision agriculture in the realm of the Internet of Things is characterized by the collection of data from multiple sensors deployed on the farm. These data present a spatial, temporal, and semantic characterization, which further complicates the performance in the management and implementation of models and repositories. In turn, the lack of standards is reflected in insufficient interoperability between management solutions and other non-native services in the framework. In this paper, an innovative system for spatio-temporal semantic data management is proposed. It includes a data query system that allows farmers and users to solve queries daily, as well as feed decision-making, monitoring, and task automation solutions. In the proposal, a solution is provided to ensure service interoperability and is validated against two European smart farming platforms, namely AFarCloud and DEMETER. For the evaluation and validation of the proposed framework, a neural network is implemented, fed through STSDaMaS for training and validation, to provide accurate forecasts for the harvest and baling of forage legume crops for livestock feeding. As a result of the evaluation for the training and execution of neural networks, high performance on complex spatio-temporal semantic queries is exposed. The paper concludes with a distributed framework for managing complex spatio-temporal semantic data by offering service interoperability through data integration to external agricultural data models.
Graphical Abstract
Governance and sustainability of distributed continuum systems: a big data approach
Authors: Donta Praveen Kumar , Sedlak Boris , Casamayor Pujol Victor , Dustdar Schahram 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDistributed computing continuum systems (DCCS) make use of a vast number of computing devices to process data generated by edge devices such as the Internet of Things and sensor nodes. Besides performing computations, these devices also produce data including, for example, event logs, configuration files, network management information. When these data are analyzed, we can learn more about the devices, such as their capabilities, processing efficiency, resource usage, and failure prediction. However, these data are available in different forms and have different attributes due to the highly heterogeneous nature of DCCS. The diversity of data poses various challenges which we discuss by relating them to big data, so that we can utilize the advantages of big data analytical tools. We enumerate several existing tools that can perform the monitoring task and also summarize their characteristics. Further, we provide a general governance and sustainable architecture for DCCS, which reflects the human body’s self-healing model. The proposed model has three stages: first, it analyzes system data to acquire knowledge; second, it can leverage the knowledge to monitor and predict future conditions; and third, it takes further actions to autonomously solve any issue or to alert administrators. Thus, the DCCS model is designed to minimize the system’s downtime while optimizing resource usage. A small set of data is used to illustrate the monitoring and prediction of the performance of a system through Bayesian network structure learning. Finally, we discuss the limitations of the governance and sustainability model, and we provide possible solutions to overcome them and make the system more efficient.
Association of Laparoscopic Surgery with Improved Perioperative and Survival Outcomes in Patients with Resectable Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis from Propensity-Score Matched Studies
Authors: Aliseda Daniel , Sapisochin Gonzalo , Martí-Cruchaga Pablo , Zozaya Gabriel , Blanco Nuria , Goh Brian K. P. , Rotellar Fernando 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Recent studies have associated laparoscopic surgery with better overall survival (OS) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and colorectal liver metastasis (CRLM). The potential benefits of laparoscopic liver resection (LLR) over open liver resection (OLR) have not been demonstrated in patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCC).

Methods
A systematic review of the PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases was performed to search studies comparing OS and perioperative outcome for patients with resectable iCC. Propensity-score matched (PSM) studies published from database inception to May 1, 2022 were eligible. A frequentist, patient-level, one-stage meta-analysis was performed to analyze the differences in OS between LLR and OLR. Second, intraoperative, postoperative, and oncological outcomes were compared between the two approaches by using a random-effects DerSimonian-Laird model.

Results
Six PSM studies involving data from 1.042 patients (530 OLR vs. 512 LLR) were included. LLR in patients with resectable iCC was found to significantly decrease the hazard of death (stratified hazard ratio [HR]: 0.795 [95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.638–0.992]) compared with OLR. Moreover, LLR appears to be significantly associated with a decrease in intraoperative bleeding (− 161.47 ml [95% CI − 237.26 to − 85.69 ml]) and transfusion (OR = 0.41 [95% CI 0.26–0.69]), as well as with a shorter hospital stay (− 3.16 days [95% CI − 4.98 to − 1.34]) and a lower rate of major (Clavien-Dindo ≥III) complications (OR = 0.60 [95% CI 0.39–0.93]).

Conclusions
This large meta-analysis of PSM studies shows that LLR in patients with resectable iCC is associated with improved perioperative outcomes and, being conservative, yields similar OS outcomes compared with OLR.
Revitalising Small Historical Villages through Social, Economic, Cultural and Energy Efficiency Assets
Authors: Sacchetti Laura , Piaia Emanuele , Frighi Valentina , Spasari Ilaria 
Published: April 2023

Cultural heritage and historical buildings, accounting for over 30% of the overall European building stock, need to be preserved as much as possible, on account of their role in representing the cultural identity of a community, and to be renovated in response to the sociocultural need to maintain historical cities and the environmental need to reduce the global energy demand of existing buildings.
Small historical villages, and in particular those with fewer than 5.000 inhabitants, are undergoing a declining process, due to the lack of infrastructure, services, cultural attractiveness and because of the inadequate actions aimed at their valorisation. They are often underused, abandoned or neglected, thus risking to be affected by severe degradation. For this reason, European and national directives strongly encourage actions targeting the revitalisation of small villages, in order to preserve their historical heritage and improve their energy efficiency. This study aims at investigating Italian examples of revitalisation of small historical towns, showcasing what strategies they employed for the maximisation of social engagement and inclusion, reduction of the environmental impact and energy efficiency improvement. This paper will propose a methodological approach leading towards the creation of Energy Communities within small historical villages, not only addressing the need for clean energy supply and environmental impact mitigation, but also respecting and preserving the heritage value and covering the social, economic, cultural aspects of the revitalisation.
Political representation of medical doctors in Switzerland’s executive and legislative branches in 2023
Authors: Smith Alexander , Buadze Anna , Stute Petra , Liebrenz Michael 
Published: April 2023

Background: Healthcare policy is an important societal concern in Switzerland, often dominating the national agenda. In other countries, studies have explored the influence of physicians in public office on healthcare policies, but little is known about the representation of medical doctors in Switzerland's political structures, despite ongoing health-related debates. Methods: In January 2023, we examined the proportion of registered doctors currently serving in Swiss governmental branches: the executive (the Federal Council) and the legislative (the Council of States and the National Council, together the United Federal Assembly). We used publicly available information to demarcate Federal, State, and National Councillors with professional medical backgrounds. We subsequently verified physician registrations using the Federal Office of Public Health’s “Register of Medical Professionals” (MedReg) Results: Six physicians registered in MedReg were identified across the Federal Council and the United Federal Assembly in 2023, equivalent to 2.37% of the total number of Councillors in these chambers. This corresponds to 14.20% of members in the Federal Council (the executive chamber) and 2.03% of members in the United Federal Assembly (the legislative chamber). Conclusions: Rates of physicians sitting in Switzerland’s Federal Council and United Federal Assembly are higher than general population trends for doctors per person. Nonetheless, physicians in Swiss legislative positions are proportionally lower than comparative data from the United States. We highlight how existing professional frameworks may already ensure medical doctors are sufficiently participating in Swiss healthcare debates outside of formal roles. We also suggest that more international evidence is needed to determine the benefits of physicians serving in public office.
Morphology and morphometric diversity of three local goats in Gorontalo, Indonesia
Authors: ILHAM FAHRUL , CIPTADI GATOT , SUSILORINI TRI EKO , PUTRA WIDYA PINTAKA BAYU , SUYADI SUYADI 
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Ilham F, Ciptadi G, Susilorini TE, Putra WPB, Suyadi S. 2023. Morphology and morphometric diversity of three local goats in Gorontalo, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 1366-1375. This research aimedto identify morphology and morphometric, as well as body indices and measurements markers, for use inlocal goats selection program in Gorontalo, Indonesia. The samples consisted of 37 Etawah Crossbreed, 96 Local Gorontalo, and 40 Kacang goats raised by traditional semi-intensive breeders. The morphological variables observed included feather color, color combination pattern, nose, ear shape, horn, beard, tail direction, and morphometric variables observed were withers height, hip height, hip width, body length, chest width, chest depth, chest girth, ear length, and ear width. The qualitative morphology was analyzed with descriptive method with Chi-squared test. While, the morphometrics of goat was used for calculating the body indices and principal component analysis.The results of the chi-square analysis showed significant differences in qualitative morphology among the three observed breeds (p<0.05), except for the presence of horns, beards, and the direction of the tail. The body measurements of Local Gorontalo goats were significantly different from those of Kacang goats except for chest depth. The only difference between the Etawah Crossbreed and the other two breeds included body weight,wither height, hip height, body length, ear length,and ear width (p<0.05). The three local goats had a long body length and legs, with a waist higher than the shoulders. Meanwhile,the medigline classification was only for Local Gorontalo and Kacang goats that had good thoracic development. The conformation index of the three local goat breeds had a significant correlation with body weight. The variables with the best contribution from the first component that can be considered sequentially in the selection program for Etawah Crossbreed goats, Local Gorontalo, and Kacang goats were body length, chest girth, and wither high. For the second component, the variables included ear length and chest width, while that of the third component in Kacang goats wasear length.
Evaluation of the growth and tolerance of maize lines under aluminum stress
Authors: HERAWATI HERAWATI , RIADI MUHAMMAD , MUSA YUNUS , EFENDI ROY , AZRAI MUHAMMAD 
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Herawati, Riadi M,MusaY, Efendi R, Azrai M. 2023. Evaluation of the growth and tolerance of maize lines under aluminum stress. Biodiversitas24: 1417-1430. Breeding and utilization of Al-tolerant maize are among the technological applications for preventing a decrease in the growth rate and grain yield of maize in suboptimal fields. This study aimed to determine the growth and production of maize lines under Al stress, obtain maize lines that are tolerant to Al stress, and determine Al absorption in the tested maize lines. This study comprised two steps. In the first step, maize lines were evaluated in acid soils with a pH of 5.12 and an Al saturation of around 22.13%, while the normal condition was carried out on soil with a pH of 6.60 and 0% Al saturation. The study was arranged in a randomized block with three replications. The maize lines used were 24 genotypes consisting of 20 maize lines and four elite lines as a check (Mal 03, CLYN 231, G102612, B11209). In the second step, maize lines were evaluated in the nutrient solution. This study was arranged in a split-plot design with three replications. The main plot was the concentration of Al at three levels, i.e., 0, 7, and 14 ppm. The subplot comprised seven maize lines representing sensitive, medium tolerant, and tolerant categories. They were Pop. A3-1, Pop. A7-1, CB.Pop 10-1-3-1-2-2, CB.Pop 15-4-2-1-1-1, CB.Pop 23-1-2-1-4-2, Mal 03, and G102612. These studies were conducted at the Indonesian Cereal Research Institute, Maros, South Sulawesi, Indonesia, from August 2021 to January 2022. This study showed that
Al stress could reduce plant growth by around 10.84% to 50.51% and grain yield by around 62.23% compared to normal conditions. The traits that were significantly correlated with grain yield under Al stress (r>50%), which could be used in maize selection under Al stress, were the number of live plants, ear diameter, number of kernels per row, shelling percentage, SSI, crown Al absorption, and hematoxylin staining. There were two maize lines tolerant to Al stress, namely CB.Pop 11-2-3-4-2-1 and CB.Pop 15-4-2-1-1-1, with potential yields under Al stress conditions of 2.39 t ha-1and 1.59 t ha-1, respectively. Al absorption averages of roots and crowns of Al tolerant maize lines were 159.33 ppm and 36.33 ppm, respectively.
Variability of kernel morphological and flour physicochemical properties in tropical dent corn hybrids
Authors: HUMAM BARIZA KHOIRUL , SUWARNO WILLY BAYUARDI , AZRAI MUHAMMAD , MAKKULAWU ANDI TAKDIR , EFENDI ROY 
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Humam BK, Suwarno WB, Azrai M, Makkulawu AT, Efendi R. 2023. Variability of kernel morphological and flour physicochemical properties in tropical dent corn hybrids. Biodiversitas 24: 1600-1609. Corn is an important crop worldwide for food, feed, and industry. The aims of this study were to study kernel morphological and corn flour physicochemical properties and hybrids selection according to nutritional values for food industries. Plant materials were 15 test hybrids and four check varieties, namely RK457, RK57, BISI18, and NASA29. Kernel morphological and corn flour physicochemical variations are influenced by kernel type. All dent hybrids had 40/0 mesh corn flour yielded significantly higher compared to NASA29. °Dent scores were negatively correlated to 40/0 mesh corn flour yields. The total and soluble carbohydrates of dent corn flour hybrids are significantly higher compared to semi-dent and semi-flint corn flour hybrids. According to corn flour nutritional values in polygon GT biplot analysis, dent hybrids had relatively high starch, total carbohydrate, and soluble carbohydrate contents. Semi-dent hybrids had relatively high moisture, crude protein, and total ash contents. Semi-flint hybrid had relatively high crude fat and crude fiber contents. Cluster-2 was dominated by dent hybrids according to the fuzzy clustering method
and selected as potential hybrids. MSM53 was the female parent of dent hybrids in cluster-2. Potential hybrids could be evaluated further by corn flour functional properties analysis.
Tempeh flour as an excellent source of paraprobiotics
Authors: JONESTI WILFADRI PUTRA , PRIHATNA CAHYA , NATADIPUTRI GRISELDA HERMAN , SUWANTO ANTONIUS , MERYANDINI ANJA 
Published: April 2023

Abstract. Jonesti WP, Prihatna C, Natadiputri GH, Suwanto A, Meryandini A. 2023. Tempeh flour as an excellent source of paraprobiotics. Biodiversitas 24: 1817-1823. Tempeh, a functional fermented food from Indonesia, has many benefits for human health. The presence of oligosaccharides, live and dead microbes in tempeh can function as prebiotics, probiotics, or paraprobiotics. This study aimed to determine the composition of live and dead lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and Enterobacteriaceae in tempeh flour using microbiological and molecular quantifications. Two samples of tempeh flour based on the drying process, i.e., sun-dried and oven-dried, were analyzed. Bacteria were quantified using standard plate count and qPCR, while bacterial cells damaged by the drying process were quantified using Propidium Monoazide-Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (PMA-qPCR). Tempeh flours contained live bacteria as many as 4-5 log CFU/g and intact dead bacterial cells as many as 9 log CFU/g. The number of bacteria only differed slightly between the two drying processes. Based on qPCR analysis, the LAB number was higher than Enterobacteriaceae in tempeh flour. In addition, the bacterial population by qPCR was higher than by cultured analysis. These results indicated that sun-dried or oven-dried tempeh flour could be a functional food because it contained high amounts of live and dead bacteria as candidates for probiotics and paraprobiotics based on PMA-qPCR analysis.
Clinical predictors of mortality in patients with pseudomonas aeruginosa infection
Authors: Frem Jim Abi , Doumat George , Kazma Jamil , Gharamti Amal , Kanj Souha S. , Abou Fayad Antoine G. , Matar Ghassan M. , Kanafani Zeina A. 
Published: April 2023

Background
Infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa are difficult to treat with a significant cost and burden. In Lebanon, P. aeruginosa is one of the most common organisms in ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). P. aeruginosa has developed widespread resistance to multiple antimicrobial agents such as fluoroquinolones and carbapenems. We aimed at identifying risk factors associated for P. aeruginosa infections as well as identifying independent risk factors for developing septic shock and in-hospital mortality.

Methods
We used a cross-sectional study design where we included patients with documented P. aeruginosa cultures who developed an infection after obtaining written consent. Two multivariable regression models were used to determine independent predictors of septic shock and mortality.

Results
During the observed period of 30 months 196 patients were recruited. The most common predisposing factor was antibiotic use for more than 48 hours within 30 days (55%). The prevalence of multi-drug resistant (MDR) P. aeruginosa was 10%. The strongest predictors of mortality were steroid use (aOR = 3.4), respiratory failure (aOR = 7.3), identified respiratory cultures (aOR = 6.0), malignancy (aOR = 9.8), septic shock (aOR = 18.6), and hemodialysis (aOR = 30.9).

Conclusion
Understanding resistance patterns and risk factors associated with mortality is crucial to personalize treatment based on risk level and to decrease the emerging threat of antimicrobial resistance.