bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Removing acoustic ringing baseline curvature in 13C NMR spectra for quantitative analyses
Authors: Vasquez Joseph K. , Zhou Zhe , Clark Brian , Kimenai Ad J. , Reiner Benjamin R. , Rau Nathan J. , Baugh Dan , Eldred Donald V. , Paradkar Manjiri , Zheng Chen , DeFelippis Jim , Potter Janece M. , Qiu Xiao Hua , Zong Xiaohong , Young Wenshiue Owen , Fitzgibbons Thomas , Moreno Aitor , Freudenberger Christoph , Mayzel Maksim 
Published: August 2023

Abstract13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is traditionally considered an insensitive technique, requiring long acquisition times to measure dilute functionalities on large polymers. With the introduction of cryoprobes and better electronics, sensitivity has improved in a way that allows measurements to take less than 1/20th the time that they previously did. Unfortunately, a high Q‐factor with cryoprobes creates baseline curvature related to acoustic ringing that affects quantitative NMR analyses. Manual baseline correction is commonly used to compensate for the baseline roll, but it is a time‐intensive process. The outcome of manual baseline correction can vary depending on processing parameters, especially for complicated spectra. Additionally, it can be challenging to distinguish between broad peaks and baseline rolls. A new anti‐ring pulse sequence (zgig_pisp) was previously reported to improve on the incumbent single pulse experiment (zgig). The original report presented limited comparison data with 13C NMR, but a thorough validation is needed before broader implementation can be considered. In this work, we report the round‐robin testing and comparison of zgig_pisp and zgig pulse sequences. During the testing phase, we found that zgig_pisp is practically equivalent to zgig to ±2% for the majority of integrals examined. Additionally, a short broadband inversion pulse (BIP) was demonstrated as an alternative to the originally reported adiabatic CHIRP shaped pulse. The zgig_pisp pulse sequence code for Bruker spectrometers is also simplified.
Fibrinogen Aα‐chain amyloidosis outbreaks in Japanese squirrels (Sciurus lis): a potential disease model
Authors: Iwaide Susumu , Ito Nanami , Ogino Shiori , Kobayashi Natsumi , Koyama Satoshi , Hisamoto Shumpei , Kondo Hirotaka , Itoh Yoshiyuki , Hisada Miki , Hoshino Yuki , Nakagawa Daisuke , Matsubara Yuki , Nakamura Shin‐ichi , Satoh Hiroshi , Shibuya Hisashi , Murakami Tomoaki 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFibrinogen Aα‐chain amyloidosis is a hereditary systemic amyloidosis characterized by glomerular amyloid depositions, which are derived from the fibrinogen Aα‐chain variant in humans. Despite its unique pathology, the pathogenic mechanisms of this disease are only partially understood. This is in part because comparative pathological studies on fibrinogen Aα‐chain amyloidosis are currently unavailable as there is a lack of reported cases in animals other than humans. In this study, mass spectrometry‐based proteomic analyses of Japanese squirrels (Sciurus lis) that died in five Japanese zoos showed that they developed glomerular‐associated fibrinogen Aα‐chain amyloidosis with an extremely high incidence rate (29/38 cases, 76.3%). The condition was found to be age‐dependent in the Japanese squirrels, with 89% of individuals over 4 years of age affected. Mass spectrometry revealed that the C‐terminal region of the fibrinogen Aα‐chain was involved in amyloidogenesis in Japanese squirrels as well as humans. No gene variations were identified between amyloid‐positive and amyloid‐negative squirrels, which contrasted with the available data for humans. The results indicate that fibrinogen Aα‐chain amyloidosis is a senile amyloidosis in Japanese squirrels. The results have also provided comparative pathological support that the amyloidogenic C‐terminal region of the fibrinogen Aα‐chain is involved in the characteristic glomerular pathology, regardless of the animal species. This study elucidates the potential causes of death in Japanese squirrels and will contribute to future comparative pathological studies of fibrinogen Aα‐chain amyloidosis. © 2023 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Spatial transcriptomics reveals heterogeneity of macrophages in the tumor microenvironment of granulomatous slack skin
Authors: Feng Yawei , Wang Shiguan , Xie Jianjun , Ding Bin , Wang Min , Zhang Peng , Mi Ping , Wang Chunxue , Liu Ruirui , Zhang Tingguo , Yu Xiaojing , Yuan Detian , Zhang Cuijuan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractGranulomatous slack skin (GSS) is an extremely rare subtype of cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma accompanied by an abundant number of macrophages and is clinically characterized by the development of pendulous skin folds. However, the characteristics of these macrophages in GSS remain unclear. Here, we conducted a spatial transcriptomic study on one frozen GSS sample and drew transcriptomic maps of GSS for the first time. Gene expression analysis revealed the enrichment of three clusters with macrophage transcripts, each exhibiting distinct characteristics suggesting that their primary composition consists of different subpopulations of macrophages. The CD163+/CD206+ cluster showed a tumor‐associated macrophage (TAM) M2‐like phenotype and highly expressed ZFP36, CCL2, TNFAIP6, and KLF2, which are known to be involved in T‐cell interaction and tumor progression. The APOC1+/APOE+ cluster presented a non‐M1 or ‐M2 phenotype and may be related to lipid metabolism. The CD11c+/LYZ+ cluster exhibited an M1‐like phenotype. Notably, these cells strongly expressed MMP9, MMP12, CHI3L1, CHIT1, COL1A1, TIMP1, and SPP1, which are responsible for extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation and tissue remodeling. This may partially explain the symptoms of cutaneous relaxation in GSS. Further immunohistochemistry on four GSS cases demonstrated that CD11c predominantly marked granulomas and multinucleated giant cells, whereas CD163 was mainly expressed on scattered macrophages, appearing as a mutually exclusive pattern. The expression pattern of MMP9 overlapped with that of CD11c, implying that CD11c+ macrophages may be a source of MMP9. Our data shed light on the characteristics of macrophages in the GSS microenvironment and provide a theoretical basis for the application of MMP9 inhibitors to prevent cutaneous relaxation of GSS. © 2023 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
A cellular selection identifies elongated flavodoxins that support electron transfer to sulfite reductase
Authors: Truong Albert , Myerscough Dru , Campbell Ian , Atkinson Joshua , Silberg Jonathan J. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractFlavodoxins (Flds) mediate the flux of electrons between oxidoreductases in diverse metabolic pathways. To investigate whether Flds can support electron transfer to a sulfite reductase (SIR) that evolved to couple with a ferredoxin, we evaluated the ability of Flds to transfer electrons from a ferredoxin‐NADP reductase (FNR) to a ferredoxin‐dependent SIR using growth complementation of an Escherichia coli strain with a sulfur metabolism defect. We show that Flds from cyanobacteria complement this growth defect when coexpressed with an FNR and an SIR that evolved to couple with a plant ferredoxin. When we evaluated the effect of peptide insertion on Fld‐mediated electron transfer, we observed a sensitivity to insertions within regions predicted to be proximal to the cofactor and partner binding sites, while a high insertion tolerance was detected within loops distal from the cofactor and within regions of helices and sheets that are proximal to those loops. Bioinformatic analysis showed that natural Fld sequence variability predicts a large fraction of the motifs that tolerate insertion of the octapeptide SGRPGSLS. These results represent the first evidence that Flds can support electron transfer to assimilatory SIRs, and they suggest that the pattern of insertion tolerance is influenced by interactions with oxidoreductase partners.
Labor division of worker ants can be controlled by insulin synthesis targeted through miR‐279c‐5p in Solenopsis invicta (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)
Authors: Chen Jie , Ma Yunjie , Guan Ziying , Liu Qin , Shi Qingxing , Qi Guojun , Chen Ting , Lyu Lihua 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn social insects, the labor division of workers is ubiquitous and controlled by genetic and environmental factors. However, how they modulate this coordinately remains poorly understood.RESULTSWe report miR‐279c‐5p participation in insulin synthesis and behavioral transition by negatively regulating Rab8A in Solenopsis invicta. Eusocial specific miR‐279c‐5p is age‐associated and highly expressed in nurse workers, and localized in the cytoplasm of neurons, where it is partly co‐localized with its target, Rab8A. We determined that miR‐279c‐5p agomir suppressed Rab8A expression in forager workers, consequently decreasing insulin content, resulting in the behavioral shift to ‘nurse‐like’ behaviors, while the decrease in miR‐279c‐5p increased Rab8A expression and increased insulin content in nurse workers, leading to the behavioral shift to ‘foraging‐like’ behaviors. Moreover, insulin could rescue the ‘foraging behavior’ induced by feeding miR‐279c‐5p to nurse workers. The overexpression and suppression of miR‐279c‐5p in vivo caused an obvious behavioral transition between foragers and nurses, and insulin synthesis was affected by miR‐279c‐5p by regulating the direct target Rab8A.CONCLUSIONWe first report that miR‐279c‐5p is a novel regulator that promotes labor division by negatively regulating the target gene Rab8A by controlling insulin production in ants. This miRNA‐mediated mechanism is significant for understanding the behavioral plasticity of social insects between complex factors and potentially provides new targets for controlling red imported fire ants. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Does “right” simulated extreme rainfall result from the “right” representation of rain microphysics?
Authors: Li Huiqi , Huang Yongjie , Luo Yali , Xiao Hui , Xue Ming , Liu Xiantong , Feng Lu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractUsing the observations from the two‐dimensional video disdrometer and polarimetric radar, a detailed process‐based evaluation of five bulk microphysics schemes in the simulation of an extreme rainfall event over the mountainous coast of South China is performed. Most schemes reproduce one of the heavy rainfall areas, and the National Severe Storms Laboratory (NSSL) scheme successfully simulates both heavy rainfall areas in this event. However, our analysis reveals that even the NSSL simulation still cannot accurately represent the rain microphysics for this event. Observational analysis shows that abundant small‐ and medium‐sized (1–4 mm) raindrops are the main contributors to the extreme rainfall. All the simulations tend to underpredict raindrops for diameter around 3 mm. The Lin, WSM6, and Morrison simulations agree better with the observed drop size distribution (DSD) for diameters between 1 and 2 mm for higher rain rates. The Thompson simulation shows a relatively narrow distribution with overpredicted small‐sized (1–2 mm) raindrops. The NSSL simulation has a broad distribution with more large (>4 mm) raindrops probably related to its efficient rain self‐collection process at the low levels, which is conducive to producing extreme rainfall. Proper rain evaporation rate is important in generating cold pools with favorable strength for the maintenance of a convective system in this event. Similar results are obtained in the simulations of two additional extreme rainfall cases, in which the NSSL simulation also overpredicts large raindrops while the Thompson simulation produces more small raindrops. This study indicates that more efforts are needed to improve the representation of rain self‐collection/breakup, rain evaporation processes, and DSD for extreme rainfall over South China. It also highlights the importance in careful consideration of rain DSD in addition to radar reflectivity and surface precipitation when analyzing simulations of extreme rainfall in order to avoid “wrong” interpretation of “right” results.
Ethylenediamine Mediated, Environmentally Benign Synthesis of Copper Nanowires and their Catalytic Activity Towards 4‐Nitrophenol Reduction
Authors: Ranjana Mankunnan , Sahu Puspanjali , Ramesh Veera V. E. , Kumar Amal Kaitheri Nanda , Babu Thekkedath Gopalakrishnan Satheesh , Kumar Darbha V. Ravi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDue to their unique characteristics, one‐dimensional copper (Cu) nanowires are being explored for various applications, including optoelectronics, chemical sensing, catalysis, electrocatalysis, etc. Cu is more affordable and accessible than other noble metals, making it a desirable replacement. Cu nanowires are predominantly synthesized using ethylenediamine (EDA) mediated procedure, in which hydrazine is used as a reducing agent. This method does not require high temperatures and produces good‐quality nanowires within an hour. However, the toxicity of hydrazine limits the large‐scale synthesis of wires using this cost‐effective method, inspite of its advantages mentioned above. Hence, this article aimed to replace the toxic hydrazine with environmentally benign ascorbic acid in EDA‐mediated procedures. Such green synthesis using ascorbic acid successfully yielded Cu nanowires. As revealed by TEM analysis, these Cu nanowires evolved from micron‐sized aggregates of ultra‐small particles. Due to the capping action of EDA, nanowires evolved from the micron‐sized aggregates of ultra‐small particles and resulted in particles attached nanowires (at one end of the nanowires) with a clear particle‐wire interface. Environmentally benign synthesized Cu nanowires are examined as catalysts for the remediation of environmental organic pollutant, i. e., 4‐nitrophenol (4‐NP). Towards the reduction of 4‐NP, green synthesized Cu nanowires have shown on‐par activity with earlier reported catalysts.
High‐Efficiency Oxygen Evolution Reaction: Controllable Reconstruction of Surface Interface
Authors: Wu Lianhui , Guan Zhixi , Guo Daying , Yang Lin , Chen Xi'an , Wang Shun 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe precatalyst undergoes surface reconstruction during the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) process, and the reconstituted material is the one that really plays a catalytic role. However, the degree of surface reconstruction seriously affects the catalytic performance. For this reason, it is important to establish the link between the degree of reconstruction and catalytic activity based on a deep understanding of the OER mechanism for the rational design of high‐performance OER electrocatalysts. Here, the reaction mechanism of OER is briefly introduced, the competition between adsorbate evolution mechanism (AEM) mechanism and lattice oxygen‐mediated mechanism (LOM) mechanism is discussed, and several activity descriptors of OER reaction are summarized. The strategies to realize OER controllable surface reconstruction are emphatically introduced, including ion leaching, element doping, regulating catalyst size, heterogeneous structure engineering, and self‐reconstruction. A mechanistic perspective is emphasized to understand the relationship between dynamic surface reconstruction and electronic structure. Controlled reconfiguration of OER surface can break the limitation of proportional relationship brought by traditional AEM mechanism, also can realize the switching between AEM mechanism and LOM mechanism, thus realizing ultra‐low overpotential. This review will provide some reference for surface controllable reconstruction of OER transition metal‐based catalysts and reasonable development of ideal catalytic performance.
Patient‐related benefits of amyloid PET imaging in dementia: Rationale and design of the German randomized coverage with evidence development study ENABLE
Authors: Teipel Stefan J. , Spottke Annika , Boecker Henning , Daamen Marcel , Graf Erika , Sahlmann Jörg , Buchert Ralph , Mohnike Wolfgang , Mohnike Konrad , Kurth Jens , Jessen Frank , Krause Bernd J. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe utility of amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) for the etiological diagnosis of dementia and its impact on functional status of patients in routine care are currently unclear. Here, we describe the design of ENABLE, a randomized controlled two‐armed coverage with evidence development (CED) study in Germany. Approximately 1126 patients with mild to moderate dementia of unclear etiology will be randomly assigned to either an amyloid PET or a no amyloid PET group. Patients will be followed‐up for 24 months. The study has been registered at the German Clinical Trials Register (https://drks.de/search/de/trial/DRKS00030839) with the registration code DRKS00030839. The primary endpoint of ENABLE is the ability to perform functional activities of daily living at 18 months. Secondary endpoints include change in diagnosis, diagnostic confidence, and cognitive and clinical outcomes of patients. We expect that the CED study ENABLE will inform about patient relevant effects of amyloid PET in routine care. Furthermore, we anticipate that ENABLE will support physicians’ and payers’ decisions on provision of health care for patients with dementia.Highlights
Study design focuses on the usefulness of amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) in routine care.
Study design addresses the patient‐relevant effect of amyloid PET.
Patient representatives were involved in the creation of the study design.
The study will help improve routine care for people with dementia.
Diverticular Inflammation and Complication Assessment classification, CODA score and fecal calprotectin in clinical assessment of patients with diverticular disease: A decision curve analysis
Authors: Tursi Antonio , Piovani Daniele , Brandimarte Giovanni , Di Mario Francesco , Elisei Walter , Picchio Marcello , Allegretta Leonardo , Annunziata Maria Laura , Bafutto Mauro , Bassotti Gabrio , Bianco Maria Antonia , Colucci Raffaele , Conigliaro Rita , Dumitrascu Dan L. , Escalante Ricardo , Ferrini Luciano , Forti Giacomo , Franceschi Marilisa , Graziani Maria Giovanna , Lammert Frank , Latella Giovanni , Maconi Giovanni , Compare Debora , Nardone Gerardo , Camara De Castro Oliveira Lucia , Oliveira Enio Chaves , Papa Alfredo , Papagrigoriadis Savvas , Pietrzak Anna , Pontone Stefano , Poskus Tomas , Pranzo Giuseppe , Reichert Matthias Christian , Rodinò Stefano , Regula Jaroslaw , Scaccianoce Giuseppe , Scaldaferri Franco , Vassallo Roberto , Zampaletta Costantino , Zullo Angelo , Spaziani Erasmo , Bonovas Stefanos , Danese Silvio ,   DICA International Group
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsThe Diverticular Inflammation and Complication Assessment (DICA) classification and the Combined Overview on Diverticular Assessment (CODA) were found to be effective in predicting the outcomes of Diverticular Disease (DD). We ascertain whether fecal calprotectin (FC) can further aid in improving risk stratification.MethodsA three‐year international, multicentre, prospective cohort study was conducted involving 43 Gastroenterology and Endoscopy centres. Survival methods for censored observations were used to estimate the risk of acute diverticulitis (AD) in newly diagnosed DD patients according to basal FC, DICA, and CODA. The net benefit of management strategies based on DICA, CODA and FC in addition to CODA was assessed with decision curve analysis, which incorporates the harms and benefits of using a prognostic model for clinical decisions.ResultsAt the first diagnosis of diverticulosis/DD, 871 participants underwent FC measurement. FC was associated with the risk of AD at 3 years (HR per each base 10 logarithm increase: 3.29; 95% confidence interval, 2.13–5.10) and showed moderate discrimination (c‐statistic: 0.685; 0.614–0.756). DICA and CODA were more accurate predictors of AD than FC. However, FC showed high discrimination capacity to predict AD at 3 months, which was not maintained at longer follow‐up times. The decision curve analysis comparing the combination of FC and CODA with CODA alone did not clearly indicate a larger net benefit of one strategy over the other.ConclusionsFC measurement could be used as a complementary tool to assess the immediate risk of AD. In all other cases, treatment strategies based on the CODA score alone should be recommended.
Evaluation of screening performance of first‐trimester competing‐risks prediction model for small‐for‐gestational age in Asian population
Authors: Nguyen‐Hoang L. , Papastefanou I. , Sahota D. S. , Pooh R. K. , Zheng M. , Chaiyasit N. , Tokunaka M. , Shaw S. W. , Seshadri S. , Choolani M. , Yapan P. , Sim W. S. , Poon L. C. ,   Collaborators
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo examine the external validity of the Fetal Medicine Foundation (FMF) competing‐risks model for the prediction of small‐for‐gestational age (SGA) at 11–14 weeks' gestation in an Asian population.MethodsThis was a secondary analysis of a multicenter prospective cohort study in 10 120 women with a singleton pregnancy undergoing routine assessment at 11–14 weeks' gestation. We applied the FMF competing‐risks model for the first‐trimester prediction of SGA, combining maternal characteristics and medical history with measurements of mean arterial pressure (MAP), uterine artery pulsatility index (UtA‐PI) and serum placental growth factor (PlGF) concentration. We calculated risks for different cut‐offs of birth‐weight percentile (< 10th, < 5th or < 3rd percentile) and gestational age at delivery (< 37 weeks (preterm SGA) or SGA at any gestational age). Predictive performance was examined in terms of discrimination and calibration.ResultsThe predictive performance of the competing‐risks model for SGA was similar to that reported in the original FMF study. Specifically, the combination of maternal factors with MAP, UtA‐PI and PlGF yielded the best performance for the prediction of preterm SGA with birth weight < 10th percentile (SGA < 10th) and preterm SGA with birth weight < 5th percentile (SGA < 5th), with areas under the receiver‐operating‐characteristics curve (AUCs) of 0.765 (95% CI, 0.720–0.809) and 0.789 (95% CI, 0.736–0.841), respectively. Combining maternal factors with MAP and PlGF yielded the best model for predicting preterm SGA with birth weight < 3rd percentile (SGA < 3rd) (AUC, 0.797 (95% CI, 0.744–0.850)). After excluding cases with pre‐eclampsia, the combination of maternal factors with MAP, UtA‐PI and PlGF yielded the best performance for the prediction of preterm SGA < 10th and preterm SGA < 5th, with AUCs of 0.743 (95% CI, 0.691–0.795) and 0.762 (95% CI, 0.700–0.824), respectively. However, the best model for predicting preterm SGA < 3rd without pre‐eclampsia was the combination of maternal factors and PlGF (AUC, 0.786 (95% CI, 0.723–0.849)). The FMF competing‐risks model including maternal factors, MAP, UtA‐PI and PlGF achieved detection rates of 42.2%, 47.3% and 48.1%, at a fixed false‐positive rate of 10%, for the prediction of preterm SGA < 10th, preterm SGA < 5th and preterm SGA < 3rd, respectively. The calibration of the model was satisfactory.ConclusionThe screening performance of the FMF first‐trimester competing‐risks model for SGA in a large, independent cohort of Asian women is comparable with that reported in the original FMF study in a mixed European population. © 2023 The Authors. Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.