bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Health Consequences of University Employees Post-COVID-19 Vaccination at Palestinian Universities
Authors: Shouli Mustafa Mohammad , Ayed Ahmad , Shouli Khaila Mohammad , Issa Bilal Mohammad , Khraiwesh Ibrahim Mohammad 
Published: December 2022

Introduction The control of vaccine hesitancy comes with key protective measures against coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and excellent efficacy in clinical trials and effectiveness in real-world data. However, some people believe that vaccination is ineffective and it causes health problems. This study aimed to assess the health consequences of university employees’ post-COVID-19 vaccination at Palestinian universities. Method A cross-sectional study was conducted between February and June 2021. A total of 310 university employees participated from six universities in Palestine. A self-reported questionnaire was used for data collection and included the following: personal characteristics of university employees, knowledge about COVID-19 vaccination, medical background of the participant, and their perception regarding receiving the COVID-19 vaccination. Results The results revealed that 32.6% and 43.2%of the participants had fever post the first and second doses, respectively. Also, 49.0% and 39.4% of them complained of exhaustion or fatigue and headache post the first dose and 58.1% and 46.1% had exhaustion or fatigue and pain in their muscles post the second dose, respectively. In addition, 29.2% and 16.7% of them had respiratory and digestive problems post the first dose and 38.9% and 19.0% had problems in respiratory and digestive respectively post the second dose. Furthermore, the analysis revealed that fever, symptoms at (the injection site), and exposure to physical symptoms have significant differences between the first dose and second doses of the vaccine ( p < .001). Conclusion This study confirmed that the respiratory and digestive problems are the main problems post-COVID-19 vaccination. Also, this study confirmed that fever, symptoms at (the injection site), and exposure to physical symptoms have significant differences between the first dose and second dose of the vaccine.
From Serviced Sites to Peripheral Tenements: A Long-Arc History of Chennai’s Unaffordable Housing
Authors: Coelho Karen , Srivathsan A. , Pattnam Gayathri 
Published: December 2022

Housing policies in India tend to reduce the urban housing challenge to a volumetric problem of increasing stock, particularly in the ‘affordable’ category, and increasingly by ‘crowding in private investment’. This standardised policy agenda has overwritten local histories and sociological understandings of housing as embedded in social relations. The singular focus on facilitating private markets in affordable housing is everywhere confounded by contextual factors that determine local geographies of housing, land markets and parameters of affordability. What explains the conspicuous absence of private builders in Chennai’s affordable housing market, despite strong demand in this segment and over two decades of state policies aimed at incentivising their participation in this market? This article proposes that a long-range history of Chennai’s settlement and land use shifts, social/demographic changes, and housing policies from the early twentieth century can provide clues towards understanding its current housing market, and can contribute policy-relevant insights that expand the question of urban housing beyond measures of stocks and prices to qualitative concerns. The article employs archival material (including government reports, plans, policies and media reports) and primary data from a recent study by the authors on the supply, location and prices of current affordable housing stock in Chennai.
A systematic review of economic evaluations alongside studies within a trial (SWATs) for improving recruitment and retention in randomised controlled trials
Authors: Gkekas Athanasios , Evans Alex , Parker Adwoa , Ronaldson Sarah Jane , Torgerson David J 
Published: December 2022

Aim To review the cost-effectiveness of strategies to improve participant recruitment and retention in randomised controlled trials. Methods All included studies from the latest Cochrane recruitment and retention reviews were considered. To identify articles published since the Cochrane reviews, electronic databases were searched until March 2021. Hand searching of conference databases and journals was also undertaken. The inclusion criteria included Studies within a Trial (SWATs). The main outcome was the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER). Quality assessment of papers used the Cochrane risk of bias 1 tool. The CRD guidance was used to assess the quality of economic evaluation. Random-effect meta-analyses were undertaken. The GRADE certainty of evidence was applied for each strategy, and Trial Forge Guidance 2 was used for strategies included in meta-analyses to evaluate the uncertainty of the findings. Cost-effectiveness ranks summarise the cost-effectiveness of all strategies. Results We identified 6569 records and included 29 SWATs (earliest conducted in 1999 and latest in 2021) including more than 35,800 participants. There is no strategy we would recommend trial teams and researchers adopt with complete statistical certainty. Recruitment strategies which could be cost-effective include financial incentives, trial-branded pens, telephone reminders and pre-notification leaflets. Retention strategies which could be cost-effective include vouchers and trial-branded pens. Conclusion Future SWATs should replicate existing recruitment and retention strategies, rather than evaluate novel ones. We recommend that economic evaluations be carried out alongside all future SWATs, costs and benefits be recorded transparently, and the cost-effectiveness of existing recruitment or retention strategies be evaluated.
Delivery of noninvasive ventilation to people living with motor neuron disease in the UK
Authors: Musson Lucy S. , Baxter Susan K. , Norman Paul , O'Brien David , Elliott Mark , Bianchi Stephen , Kaltsakas Georgios , McDermott Christopher J. , Stavroulakis Theocharis , Hobson Esther V. 
Published: December 2022

ObjectiveNoninvasive ventilation (NIV) improves survival and quality of life in motor neuron disease (MND), but many patients fail to receive effective ventilation. This study aimed to map the respiratory clinical care for MND patients at a service and individual healthcare professional (HCP) level to understand where attention may be needed to ensure all patients receive optimal care.MethodsTwo online surveys of HCPs working with MND patients in the UK were conducted. Survey 1 targeted HCPs providing specialist MND care. Survey 2 targeted HCPs working in respiratory/ventilation services and community teams. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics.ResultsResponses from 55 HCPs providing specialist MND care who worked at 21 MND care centres and networks and 13 Scotland Health Boards were analysed from Survey 1. Responses from 85 HCPs from respiratory/ventilation services and 73 HCPs from community teams, representing 97 services, were analysed from Survey 2. Significant differences in practice were identified at each stage of the respiratory care pathway as well as evidence of the need for improvement. This included when patients were referred to respiratory services, the time taken waiting to commence NIV, the availability of sufficient NIV equipment and provision of services, particularly out of hours.ConclusionWe have highlighted significant disparity in MND respiratory care practices. Increased awareness of the factors that influence NIV success and the performance of individuals and services is important for optimal practice.
Conservative oxygen supplementation during helmet continuous positive airway pressure therapy in patients with COVID-19 and respiratory failure: a pilot study
Authors: Iacovelli Alessandra , Nicolardi Maria Luisa , Baccolini Valentina , Olmati Federica , Attilia Ilenia , Baiocchi Pia , D'Antoni Letizia , Menichini Ilaria , Migliarini Ambra , Pellegrino Daniela , Petroianni Angelo , Piamonti Daniel , Tramontano Angela , Villari Paolo , Palange Paolo 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundRespiratory failure is a severe complication in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia that, in addition to oxygen therapy, may require continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) support. It has been postulated that COVID-19 lung injury may share some features with those observed in hyperoxic acute lung injury. Thus, a correct target arterial oxygen tension (PaO2) during oxygen supplementation may be crucial to protect the lung from further tissue damage. The aims of this study were: 1) to evaluate the effects of conservative oxygen supplementation during helmet CPAP therapy on mortality and intensive care unit (ICU) admission in patients with COVID-19 and respiratory failure, and 2) to evaluate the effect of conservative oxygen supplementation on new-onset organ failure and secondary pulmonary infections.MethodsThis was a single-centre, historically controlled study of patients with severe respiratory failure due to COVID-19 pneumonia, receiving either conservative or nonconservative oxygen supplementation during helmet CPAP. A cohort receiving conservative oxygen supplementation was studied prospectively in which oxygen supplementation was administered with a targetPaO2<100 mmHg. Results of this cohort were compared with those of a cohort who had received liberal oxygen supplementation.Results71 patients were included in the conservative cohort and 75 in the nonconservative cohort. Mortality rate was lower in the conservative cohort (22.5%versus62.7%; p<0.001). Rates of ICU admission and new-onset organ failure were lower in the conservative cohort (14.1%versus37.3%; p=0.001 and 9.9%versus45.3%; p<0.001, respectively).ConclusionsIn patients with COVID-19 and severe respiratory failure, conservative oxygen supplementation during helmet CPAP was associated with improved survival, lower ICU admission rate and less new-onset organ failure.
NSD1 gene evolves under episodic selection within primates and mutations of specific exons in humans cause Sotos syndrome
Authors: Romero Vanessa I. , Arias-Almeida Benjamin , Aguiar Stefanie A. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Modern human brains and skull shapes differ from other hominids. Brain growth disorders as micro- (ASPM, MCPH1) and macrocephaly (NFIX, GLI3) have been highlighted as relevant for the evolution in humans due to the impact in early brain development. Genes associated with macrocephaly have been reported to cause this change, for example NSD1 which causes Sotos syndrome.

Results
In this study we performed a systematic literature review, located the reported variants associated to Sotos syndrome along the gene domains, compared the sequences with close primates, calculated their similarity, Ka/Ks ratios, nucleotide diversity and selection, and analyzed the sequence and structural conservation with distant primates. We aimed to understand if NSD1 in humans differs from other primates since the evolution of NSD1 has not been analyzed in primates, nor if the localization of the mutations is limited to humans. Our study found that most variations causing Sotos syndrome are in exon 19, 22 and 10. In the primate comparison we did not detect Ka/Ks ratios > 1, but a high nucleotide diversity with non-synonymous variations in exons 10, 5, 9, 11 and 23, and sites under episodic selection in exon 5 and 23, and human, macaque/colobus/tarsier/galago and tarsier/lemur/colobus. Most of the domains are conserved in distant primates with a particular progressive development from a simple PWWP1 in O. garnetti to a complex structure in Human.

Conclusion
NSD1 is a chromatin modifier that suggests that the selection could influence brain development during modern human evolution and is not present in other primates; however, nowadays the nucleotide diversity is associated with Sotos syndrome.
Transcriptional responses of human intestinal epithelial HT-29 cells to spore-displayed p40 derived from Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG
Authors: Kang Soo Ji , Moon Jeong A , Son Do Yeong , Hong Kwang Won 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Backgrounds
The aims of this study were to construct spore-displayed p40, a Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG-derived soluble protein, using spore surface display technology and to evaluate transcriptional responses in human intestinal epithelial cells.

Results
p40 was displayed on the surface of Bacillus subtilis spores using spore coat protein CotG as an anchor protein. Effects of spore-displayed p40 (CotG-p40) on gene expression of intestinal epithelial cell line HT-29 were evaluated by transcriptome analysis using RNA-sequencing. As a result of differentially expressed gene (DEG) analysis, 81 genes were up-regulated and 82 genes were down-regulated in CotG-p40 stimulated cells than in unstimulated cells. Gene ontology enrichment analysis showed that CotG-p40 affected biological processes such as developmental process, metabolic process, cell surface receptor linked signaling pathway, and retinoic acid metabolic process. Gene-gene network analysis suggested that 10 DEGs (EREG, FOXF1, GLI2, PTGS2, SPP1, MMP19, TNFRSF1B, PTGER4, CLDN18, and ALDH1A3) activated by CotG-p40 were associated with probiotic action.

Conclusions
This study demonstrates the regulatory effects of CotG-p40 on proliferation and homeostasis of HT-29 cells. This study provided comprehensive insights into the transcriptional response of human intestinal epithelial cells stimulated by CotG-p40.
The point-of-care D-dimer test provides a fast and accurate differential diagnosis of Stanford Type A aortic syndrome and ST-elevated myocardial infarction in emergencies
Authors: Chang Xiaoxin , Yao Jianhua , Xu Yawei 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundThe research of the sensitivity and specificity point-of-care testing (POCT) of D-dimer as a diagnostic protocol for differential diagnosis of Stanford Type A aortic syndrome (hereafter as TAAS) mimicking ST-elevated myocardial infarction (STEMI) with regular STEMI in the emergency department is limited.MethodsFull medical information of 32 patients confirmed TAAS and 527 patients confirmed STEMI from January 1st, 2016 to October 1st, 2021 were retrospectively analyzed in Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji University.ResultsThe baseline characteristics of two groups of patients were well-balanced post propensity score matching (PSM) analysis, and each group had 32 patients enrolled. Patients in the STEMI group had higher positive cardiac troponin I (cTNI) (0.174 ng/ml vs. 0.055 ng/ml,P = 0.008) results but lower D-dimer (0.365μg/ml vs. 31.50μg/ml,P < 0.001) results than the TAAS group. The D-dimer cutoff value of 2.155μg/ml had the best sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 96.9%, and the positive predictive value (PPV) as well as the negative predictive value (NPV) of the cutoff value were 96.9 and 100%, respectively, in total 64 patients, the area under the curve (AUC) values were 0.998 (95% CI:0.992-1.000,P < 0.001) for the D-dimer. No significant correlation between the D-dimer concentration and the time from symptoms onset to first medical contact in both groups (TAAS group: r = − 0.248,P = 0.170; STEMI group:r = − 0.159,P = 0.383) or significant correlation between D-dimer and creatine clearance (TAAS group:r = − 0.065,P = 0.765; STEMI group:r = 0.222,P = 0.221). The total in-hospital mortality for the patients with TAAS presenting as STEMI was 62.5% (20/32). The mortality rate for TAAS patients confirmed by computed tomography angiography (CTA) was significantly lower (40% vs. 82.4%,P = 0.014) than the mortality rate for TAAS patients confirmed by coronary angiography (CAG) and had a longer average survival time (log-rank = 0.015), less peri-surgical complications especially gastrointestinal hemorrhage (0.00% vs. 55.6%,P < 0.001). CTA diagnosis can reduce the mortality rate by 67.5% (95%CI:0.124-0.850,P = 0.16).ConclusionsThe POCT D-dimer with cut-off 2.155μg/ml would be useful to rule-out TAAS mimicking STEMI from regular STEMI prior to reperfusion therapy. CTA diagnosis is effective in reducing the probability of perioperative complications and lowering perioperative mortality than CAG diagnosis in TAAS patients.
Sleep quality and influencing factors and correlation with T-lymphocyte subpopulation counts in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Zhang Hailin , Li Ao , Jiang Youli , Chen Wenqiu , Wang Jin , Zhang Peize , Deng Guofang , Wang Weiyu , Chen Jingfang , Lin Yi 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Patients diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) have poor sleep quality due to multiple factors. We aimed to assess the sleep status and related factors of TB patients in Shenzhen, China.

Methods
A questionnaire survey was conducted on 461 TB patients hospitalized at Shenzhen Third People’s Hospital from March 2021 to January 2022, and sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI).

Results
A total of 459 valid questionnaires were collected, and 238 of the 459 TB patients had general or poor sleep quality (PSQI > 5). Patients’ gender, marriage, nutritional screening score, family atmosphere, fear of discrimination, fear of interactions, and the impact of the disease on their work life had significant effects on sleep quality (P < 0.05); PSQI scores of TB patients were negatively correlated with lymphocyte counts (r =  − 0.296, P < 0.01), T-lymphocyte counts (r =  − 0.293, P < 0.01), helper T lymphocyte counts (r =  − 0.283, P < 0.01), killer T lymphocyte counts (r =  − 0.182, P < 0.05), and were positively correlated with depression scores (r = 0.424, P < 0.01). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that male (OR = 1.64,95% CI 1.11–2.42, P < 0.05), unmarried (OR = 1.57, 95% CI 1.02–2.42, P < 0.05), NRS score grade 3(OR = 5.35, 95% CI 2.08–15.73, P < 0.01), general family atmosphere (OR = 2.23, 95% CI 1.07–4.93, P < 0.05), and the disease affecting work (OR = 1.66, 95% CI 1.11–2.50, P < 0.05) were factors influencing poor sleep quality.

Conclusion
Most TB patients had varying degrees of sleep disturbance, which may be affected by their gender, marriage, family atmosphere, nutritional status, the effect of the disease on work life, and, depression, as well as lower absolute T-lymphocyte subpopulation counts. Appropriate interventions should be implemented to improve their sleep quality, when treating or caring for such patients.
Long term trends of breast cancer incidence according to proliferation status
Authors: Klæstad Elise , Opdahl Signe , Raj Sunil Xavier , Bofin Anna Mary , Valla Marit 
Published: December 2022

AbstractBackgroundLong-term breast cancer incidence trends according to proliferation status are poorly described. We studied time-trends in breast cancer incidence, using mitotic count and Ki-67 as markers of proliferation.MethodsAmong 83,298 Norwegian women followed for breast cancer occurrence 1961–2012, 2995 incident breast cancers were diagnosed. Ki-67 was assessed using immunohistochemistry on tissue microarrays and mitoses were counted on whole sections. We compared incidence rates according to proliferation status among women born 1886–1928 and 1929–1977, estimating age-specific incidence rate ratios. We performed multiple imputations to account for unknown proliferation status. Mean values of Ki-67 and mitotic counts were calculated, according to age and birth year. We performed separate incidence analyses for HER2+and triple negative breast cancers.ResultsAmong women aged 40–69 years, incidence rates of tumours with low-proliferative activity were higher among those born in 1929 or later, compared to before 1929, according to Ki-67 and mitotic count. Incidence rates of tumours with high-proliferative activity were also higher in women born in 1929 or later compared to before 1929 according to Ki-67, but not according to mitotic count. Mean values of Ki-67 and mitotic count varied according to age and birth year. In subtype-specific analyses we found an increase of high-proliferative HER2+tumours according to Ki-67 in women born in 1929 or later, compared to before 1929.ConclusionsThere has been a temporal increase in both low- and high-proliferative breast cancers.
Clinical characteristics and survival analysis of Chinese ovarian cancer patients with RAD51D germline mutations
Authors: Yao Hongwen , Li Ning , Yuan Hua 
Published: December 2022

AbstractObjectivesWe aimed to describe the behavior among Chinese ovarian cancer patients with RAD51D germline mutations at our institution.MethodsNext-generation sequencing (NGS) was conducted for the entire coding regions and exon/intron boundaries of the RAD51D genes in 781 Chinese ovarian cancer patients treated at our institution from January 1, 2015 to August 1, 2021. Clinicopathological characteristics, treatment modalities, and outcomes were assessed for ovarian cancer patients with RAD51D germline mutations.ResultsRAD51D germline pathogenic mutations were detected in 1.7% (13/781) of patients in this cohort. RAD51D c. 270_271dup (p. Lys91fs) mutation was the most common mutation which was found in 7 patients (7/13, 53.1%). Patients median age at diagnosis was 58 years (range: 45–69 years). 46.2% (6/13) of them were diagnosed after 60 years. Only 1 patient (1/13, 7.7%) had a family history of ovarian or breast cancer. And 1 patient (1/13, 7.7%) had a personal history of breast cancer. The FIGO 2014 distribution by stage was: stage II in 1 patient (7.7%), stage III in 9 patients (69.2%) and stage IV in 3 patient (23.1%). 92.3% (12/13) patients had high-grade serous carcinoma. 2 patients (2/13, 15.4%) had a primary peritoneal cancer. The majority of patients in the entire cohort were reported to be platinum sensitive (92.3%, 12/13) with a platinum-free interval (PFI) of > 6 months.For patients who received PARPis for 2nd line maintenance treatment (n = 5), 2 patients discontinued PARPis treatment after 33.5 and 8.1 months of duration. Other 3 patients are still on therapy with a duration of 2.4, 13.8 and 30.1 months at the date of data cutoff. 1 patient received PARPi as salvage treatment with a duration of only 1.2 months.Nine patients (9/13, 69.2%) relapsed during follow up and all of them relapsed within 2 years after diagnosis, among which 88.9% (8/9) were classified as platinum-sensitive recurrence (PSR), and only 1 patient was classified as platinum-resistant recurrence (PRR). Median PFS for the entire cohort was 17.3 months. Median PFS for the PSR subgroup was 15.9 months. 2 patients died during follow-up. The OS of these 2 patients was 17.2 and 39.6 months. The 5-year OS rate was 67.5%.ConclusionsRAD51D germline mutations are more frequent in Chinese ovarian cancer patients than other population. Few patients have a family history of ovarian or breast cancer, and personal history of breast cancer. Most patients are diagnosed after 50 years. The sensitivity to PARP inhibitors of patients with RAD51D germline mutations need a further analysis.