bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phytochemical Profiling by UHPLC–ESI–MS/MS, In Vitro Antioxidant, In Vivo Antidiabetic, and Pro‐Sexual Effects of Salvia balansae Noë Ex Coss. Flower Extract in Diabetic Male Rats
Authors: Souidi Wadjila S. , Belhocine Mansouria , Bouzouina Mohamed , Yilmaz Mustafa A. , Feknous Ines , Cakir Oguz , Tarhan Abbas , Sitayeb Tayeb , Dahou Abdelkader E. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTOur study assessed the phytochemical composition and the effects of Salvia balansae flower aqueous extract (FAE) on sexual dysfunction in diabetic rats. Total phenolic and flavonoid content, quantification of phytochemicals by ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC)–electrospray ionization (ESI)–tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) method, and in vitro antioxidant capacity of FAE extract were elucidated. For the in vivo study, diabetes was induced by one intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) (40 mg/kg), and treated diabetic rats were given FAE at 200 mg/kg. Rats were subjected to a sexual incentive motivation test (SIM) and a mating behavior test, and then serum testosterone levels and sperm quality were analyzed. Our study indicates that FAE contained a large amount of phenolic compounds and flavonoids, and 13 constituents were quantified; cynaroside (3.8 mg analyte/g extract) was the main compound, followed by rosmarinic acid (3.145 mg analyte/g extract), thus confirming its high antioxidant capacity. FAE treatment significantly reduced blood glucose levels, improved sexual motivation and copulatory behavior, increased testosterone levels, and enhanced sperm quality in diabetic‐treated rats compared to diabetic untreated rats. The present work demonstrates the therapeutic potential of S. balansae flowers in enhancing reproductive function in diabetic rats, potentially through its antioxidant, antihyperglycemic, and aphrodisiac properties.
Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis and Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum sialic acids enhance macrophage infection
Authors: Cavalcante Tainá , Marques Antônio Moreira , Medeiros Mariana Medina , Reis Tania Carolina , Quina Daniel , de Alencar Bruna Cunha , Palmisano Giuseppe , Stolf Beatriz Simonsen 
Published: January 2025

AbstractLeishmaniases affect millions of people around the world, caused by Leishmania parasites. Leishmania are transmitted by female sandflies from Phlebotominae subfamily during their blood meals. In mammals, promastigotes are phagocytosed mainly by macrophages, differentiate into amastigotes and multiply. For entry and survival in macrophages, Leishmania uses virulence factors such as surface glycoconjugates. Sialic acids (Sias) are found in terminal portions of glycoconjugates and play important roles in human pathogens. The importance of Sias was explored only in L. (L.) donovani, associated with visceral leishmaniasis in Africa, Asia and Europe. Thus, the aim of this study was to characterize Sias of Leishmania (L.) amazonensis and Leishmania (L.) infantum, related to cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis in South America, respectively. For that, we analyzed by HPLC‐FLD the Sias of promastigotes of L. (L.) amazonensis LV79 and two L. (L.) infantum strains, and of L. (L.) amazonensis axenic amastigotes and amastigotes from paw lesions of infected mice. To evaluate Sias importance in promastigotes, we treated stationary phase parasites with sialidase and infected murine and human macrophages. We detected N‐Acetylneuraminic Acid in promastigotes of all strains, with greater abundance in L. (L.) infantum. We identified N‐Acetylneuraminic Acid and N‐Glycolylneuraminic acid in amastigotes recovered from paw lesion, but only N‐Acetylneuraminic Acid in axenic amastigotes. Promastigotes treated with sialidase infected less macrophages than parasites displaying total Sias. Our results demonstrate that Sias vary between Leishmania species and between L. (L.) amazonensis life stages and plays an important role in macrophage infection by L. (L.) amazonensis and L. (L.) infantum.
Neonatal Nonketotic Hyperglycinemia: A Severe Case With Prenatal Indicators and Comprehensive Review of Recognition and Management
Authors: Parviz Samaneh , Hooshyar Dariush 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTNonketotic hyperglycinemia (NKH), also known as glycine encephalopathy, is a rare inherited neurometabolic disorder caused by a deficiency in the glycine cleavage enzyme system (GCS), leading to the pathological accumulation of glycine in blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). This case report details a neonate presenting with central apnea, profound hypotonia, and refractory seizures, alongside prenatal findings of polyhydramnios and hiccup‐like fetal movements, all strongly suggestive of severe NKH. Diagnostic evaluation confirmed markedly elevated glycine levels in serum and CSF, with a CSF‐to‐plasma glycine ratio exceeding 0.08, and ruled out alternative causes of hyperglycinemia. Brain MRI revealed characteristic malformations, corroborating the diagnosis of severe NKH. Treatment included anticonvulsants for seizure management, sodium benzoate for glycine reduction, and NMDA receptor antagonists (ketamine and dextromethorphan) to modulate neurotoxicity. Despite these therapies, the patient demonstrated poor neurodevelopmental outcomes, with rapid progression to severe impairment. This case highlights the significance of early identification, precise diagnosis, and a comprehensive care strategy in managing NKH, aiming to enhance patient outcomes and quality of life.
Intrauterine Contraceptive Device Translocation Leading to Right Anteromedial Ovarian Surface Impingement and Laparoscopic Retrieval: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Anwaar Adeel , Karamat Riyan Imtiaz , Khanzada Mikail , Akilimali Aymar , Aamir Minahil , Arshad Mirza Ammar , Bhatti Ihtisham Haider , Rashid Saad , Kayani Taimur Sulaiman , Ansar Sadia , Batool Shifa , Khan Abdullah Saif , Singh Ajeet 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTWe report a rare case of a 29‐year old woman presenting with abdominal pain, whose initial examination failed to identify intrauterine contraceptive device (IUCD) threads. IUCD migration was confirmed by CT scan and subsequent single‐port laparoscopic retrieval alleviated her symptoms.
Iatrogenic Botulism After Cosmetic Use of Botulinum Toxin‐A: A Case Series
Authors: Asadi Mohammad , Shadnia Shahin , Mostafazadeh Babak , Evini Peyman Erfan Talab , Zandieh Faraz , Rahimi Mitra 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBotulism symptoms after cosmetic botulinum toxin‐A (BTX‐A) injections happen very rarely, and it needs careful attention since it can be life‐threatening. Hence, it is advised to meticulously check the technique, dose, and authenticity of the BTX‐A before injections to reduce the adverse effects.
Efficient Bifunctional V‐Doped NiCoP/Ni₂P Electrocatalysts for Overall Water Splitting via a Simple Heterointerface Construction Strategy
Authors: Xing Zhonghang , Cai Wenfang , Wang Yunhai , Chen Qing‐Yun 
Published: January 2025

AbstractDeveloping efficient bifunctional electrocatalyst with oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is imperative for water electrolysis. Herein, the construction of heterointerfaces was achieved through the simple phosphating treatment, and a unique chrysanthemum‐like V‐doped NiCoP/Ni₂P/NF was synthesized for the efficient water splitting. The prepared V‐doped NiCoP/Ni₂P/NF demonstrated favorable bifunctional catalytic performance, requiring low overpotentials of 82 mV and 245 mV to achieve current densities of 10 mA cm⁻2 for the HER and OER, respectively. At a current density of 50 mA cm−2, the cell voltage for overall water splitting (OWS) is only 1.66 V, with no significant degradation after 60 h of operation. The characterization and DFT calculations revealed that the heterointerfaces between NiCoP and Ni₂P significantly enhanced the catalytic performance by facilitating electron transfer and optimizing charge distribution. Vanadium doping further changed the electronic properties at the interfaces and optimized the adsorption of intermediates. Due to the synergistic effect of heterointerfaces and vanadium doping, V‐doped NiCoP/Ni₂P/NF exhibited excellent bifunctional properties, with more reaction sites, high conductivity, and stability. This strategy could open up new possibilities for designing high performance catalysts for renewable energy production and sustainable hydrogen generation.
Geometric Effects on C−C Coupling of Aryl‐Carbenes under 2D Confinement
Authors: Bera Abhijit , Baklouti Iheb , Lykov Vladimir A. , Ulrich Iris , Lucht Karsten , Rowen Julien F. , Sander Wolfram , Morgenstern Karina 
Published: January 2025

AbstractIt is well established that the confinement of reactants to two dimensions influences their reactivity. However, such confinement is often dominated by charge transfer effects between the reactants and the confining walls, in particular if the walls are conductive. Also, the reactivity of carbenes on metal surfaces is significantly affected by the charge transfer between the carbene and the metal, rendering the carbene more nucleophilic or electrophilic. Here, we investigate the geometrical effects of 2D confinement without an influence of the supporting metal for a photoinduced reaction of an aryl carbene on an ionic decoupling layer. We demonstrate the decoupling concept for the C−C coupling of 3‐methoxy‐9‐fluorenylidene (C14H10O) on a NaBr(100) bilayer on Ag(111). We combine scanning tunneling microscopy with infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy to follow the photoinduced C−C coupling of the carbene from its diazo‐protected precursor in two dimensions. Our study demonstrates that the NaBr decoupling bilayer efficiently suppresses the effects of the metal surface, facilitating carbene chemistry under geometrical confinement.
Burden of female‐specific cancers in China from 1990 to 2021: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021
Authors: Ren Wenhui , Guo Xiangyu , Liu Zheng , Wu Yanqiu , Peng Rui , Liu Huixin , Qi Jinlei 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundBreast cancer and reproductive system cancers remain significant public health threats for Chinese women. This study aimed to evaluate the latest epidemiological patterns and trends of four female‐specific cancers in China.MethodsThe year‐ and age‐specific estimates of the incidence, mortality, and disability‐adjusted life‐years (DALYs) associated with breast, cervical, ovarian, and uterine cancers in China from 1990 to 2021 were generated from the Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factors 2021 study. The epidemiological characteristics were analyzed with age–period–cohort models. A Bayesian age–period–cohort model was applied to forecast disease burden from 2022 to 2050.ResultsIn 2021, China reported 385.84 thousand (95% uncertainty interval [UI], 294.10–489.01 thousand) incident cases of female breast cancer, followed by cervical cancer (132.79 thousand [95% UI, 95.96–172.60 thousand]), uterine cancer (72.02 thousand [95% UI, 53.31–100.00 thousand]), and ovarian cancer (41.24 thousand [95% UI, 30.30–54.55 thousand]). Breast cancer ranked as the primary cause of cancer‐related deaths, followed by cervical cancer. The age‐specific incidence rate for breast, cervical, ovarian, and uterine cancers are projected to occur in the age groups 60–64 years, 55–59 years, 65–69 years, and 60–64 years, respectively. Breast, ovarian, and uterine cancer cases are projected to rise by 2050, which will exceed those recorded in 2021.ConclusionsVarious inequities have been identified across four types of cancers affecting women, which underscores the need for tailored national cancer control strategies. Emphasis should be placed on primary prevention and screening for breast and cervical cancers, whereas efforts for uterine and ovarian cancers should focus on implementing early diagnosis and treatment measures.Plain language summary

This study examines the burdens and trends of breast, cervical, ovarian, and uterine cancers among Chinese women from 1990 to 2021.
In 2021, breast cancer emerged as the most prevalent, followed by cervical, uterine, and ovarian cancers, with breast cancer also exhibiting the highest mortality rate.
The age groups projected to exhibit the highest incidence rates for breast, cervical, ovarian, and uterine cancers are 60–64 years, 55–59 years, 65–69 years, and 60–64 years, respectively.
Projections indicate that by 2050, the incidence of breast, ovarian, and uterine cancers will surpass 2021 levels, which underscores the necessity for targeted prevention, early detection, and treatment strategies.
Glomus Tumor in the Left Submandibular Region: A Rare Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Liu Huan , Zhu Chengyao 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundGlomus tumors are rare, benign mesenchymal neoplasms predominantly located in subungual regions of the extremities. Their occurrence in the mandibular region is exceptionally uncommon, presenting unique diagnostic challenges. Only a limited number of submandibular glomus tumors have been documented, leaving their presentation and management largely underexplored.CaseWe presented a case of glomus tumor in the submandibular area of a 60‐year‐old female, which appeared as a purplish‐red lesion. In the absence of characteristic symptoms such as tenderness and cold sensitivity, the lesion was initially misdiagnosed as a pigmented nevus. Histopathological analysis subsequently confirmed the diagnosis as a glomus tumor. Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining further confirmed the tumor's smooth muscle and mesenchymal origins, with positive for Vimentin, SMA, Syn, Actin, Desmin, and CD34. The patient underwent surgical tumor excision with no recurrence after 28 months of follow‐up.ConclusionThis case underscores the importance of considering glomus tumors in atypical locations and highlights the need for a comprehensive diagnostic approach to prevent misdiagnosis. Surgical excision remains the primary treatment, with extended postoperative surveillance recommended to monitor for recurrence.
Relapse of Diffuse Large B‐Cell Lymphoma as Painless Masses in the Abdominal Wall Muscles: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Mansour Somar , Abdul Rahman Seif‐Aldin , Mansour Majd , Afif Ali , Hasan Raghad , Abdullah Nader , Alshehabi Zuheir 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe most frequent type of non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Although lymph nodes are the most commonly affected organs compromising 70% of DLBCLs, only 5% of extranodal lymphomas represent skeletal muscle involvement. Specifically, abdominal wall muscle involvement is rare and there are only a few reported cases of DLBCL with this type of muscle involvement. Painful abdominal mass was the main presenting symptom in these reported cases.CaseWe are reporting a relapsed DLBCL with abdominal wall muscle involvement in a 65‐year‐old male, presenting with a discomfort and heaviness sensation in the right iliac region with no associated pain.ConclusionA rare case of DLBCL with recurrence in the abdominal wall muscles as painless masses was reported in this case report. To our knowledge, it is considered the fourth reported in the medical literature. It shows the importance of the diagnostic process that combines imaging with histological examination and immune stains for accurate diagnosis.
Comparing AI and Human Emotional Responses to Color: A Semantic Differential and Word‐Color Association Approach
Authors: Zheng Ling , Xu Long 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis study investigates the ability of artificial intelligence (AI) to simulate human emotional responses to color using two established methods: semantic differential (SD) method and word‐color association (WCA) approach. The SD method quantifies emotional reactions to colors through bipolar adjective pairs (e.g., warm–cool, heavy–light), while the WCA method explores associations between specific words and colors. AI responses were compared with data from human participants across various demographics. Results show that AI consistently evaluates basic emotional dimensions, such as warm–cool and heavy–light, with high accuracy, often surpassing human consistency. However, AI struggled with more subjective and culturally influenced dimensions like modern–classical and active‐passive. In the WCA experiment, AI replicated many general color associations but faced challenges with complex emotions like joy and anticipation. These findings highlight AI's potential in tasks requiring standardized emotional responses but reveal its limitations in capturing nuanced human emotions, especially in culturally sensitive contexts.
Driving Sustainable Business Practices With Carbon Accounting and Reporting: A Holistic Framework and Empirical Analysis
Authors: Onat Nuri C. , Mandouri Jafar , Kucukvar Murat , Kutty Adeeb A. , Al‐Muftah Ahmed A. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe pressing impacts of global climate change and the emergence of stringent carbon disclosure regulations put pressure on organizations to transform and account for their emissions, beyond operational boundaries and encompass upstream and downstream value chains. Current management literature, practices, and skills fall short of addressing the importance and contribution of carbon accounting and reporting (CAR) in adopting sustainable operations management practices. This paper aims to deliver comprehensive guidance for companies on the benefits of CAR in facilitating the transformation and adoption of sustainable business practices. We develop a holistic and inclusive framework encompassing “value” and “values” perspectives. The framework explores how these forces shape company strategy and illustrates how CAR can enhance sustainable operations management, resulting in sustainable business outcomes. We test our hypothesis through a real‐world case of a public transportation services company by following the Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Protocol and Global Reporting Institute (GRI) reporting standards, demonstrating how comprehensive measurement, analysis, and reporting of carbon emissions linked to operational processes and value chains can transform firms. This transformation includes reducing environmental impacts, managing risks, strengthening stakeholder engagement, sharing value and responsibility within value chains, promoting technology adoption and innovation, and making well‐informed decisions to improve the efficiency of products and services. As demonstrated in this research, CAR could significantly assist companies in strategically identifying emissions hotspots, establishing precise reduction targets, and aligning with environmental regulations and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.
EHMT2‐mediated R‐loop formation promotes the malignant progression of prostate cancer via activating Aurora B
Authors: Zhang Yuyang , Su Mingqin , Chen Yiming , Cui Li , Xia Wei , Xu Renfang , Xue Dong , Zhang Xiansheng , Feng Xingliang 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundChromosomal instability (CIN), a hallmark of cancer, is commonly linked to poor prognosis in high‐grade prostate cancer (PCa). Paradoxically, excessively high levels of CIN may impair cancer cell viability. Consequently, understanding how tumours adapt to CIN is critical for identifying novel therapeutic targets.MethodsBioinformatic analyses were conducted to identify genes overexpressed in PCa tissues using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and GEO datasets. Western blotting and immunohistochemistry assays were applied to determine the expression levels of euchromatic histone lysine methyltransferase 2 (EHMT2), pT232‐Aurora B and Cullin 3 (CUL3). The proliferation of cells was measured through CCK‐8 tests, clonogenesis and subcutaneous xenografts of human PCa cells in BALB/c nude mice. Live cell imaging, immunofluorescence (IF) and flow cytometry were used to confirm the role of EHMT2 in PCa cell mitosis. Co‐immunoprecipitation, Western blotting and IF assays further elucidated the underlying molecular mechanisms.ResultsEHMT2 was highly expressed in metastatic PCa tissues exhibiting elevated CIN and was strongly associated with adverse clinical outcomes in patients with PCa. Silencing EHMT2 impaired cell division, inducing G2/M‐phase arrest and mitotic catastrophe in PCa cells. Mechanistically, EHMT2 is indispensable to ensure the full activation of Aurora B through centromeric R‐loop‐driven ATR–CHK1 pathway, with EHMT2 protein expression peaking during the G2/M‐phase. Moreover, CUL3 was identified as a binding partner of EHMT2, mediating its polyubiquitination and destabilising its protein levels.ConclusionsThis study reveals a CUL3–EHMT2–Aurora B regulatory axis that safeguards accurate chromosome segregation in PCa cells, supporting the potential therapeutic application of EHMT2 inhibitors.Key points
Euchromatic histone lysine methyltransferase 2 (EHMT2) is overexpressed in advanced prostate cancer, restraining catastrophic chromosomal instability (CIN) and enhancing cell fitness.
EHMT2 functions via the centromeric R‐loop‐driven ATR–CHK1–Aurora B pathway to promote chromosomal stability.
EHMT2 confers enzalutamide resistance via activating Aurora B.
Cullin 3 (CUL3) promotes EHMT2 destabilisation via deubiquitination.
Disturbed shear stress promotes atherosclerosis through TRIM21‐regulated MAPK6 degradation and consequent endothelial inflammation
Authors: Wang Feng , Wang Shu‐Yu , Gu Yue , Luo Shuai , Chen Ai‐Qun , Kong Chao‐Hua , Zhou Wen‐Ying , Wang Li‐Guo , Wang Zhi‐Mei , Zuo Guang‐Feng , Gao Xiao‐Fei , Zhang Jun‐Jie , Chen Shao‐Liang 
Published: January 2025

AbstractRationaleCoronary artery plaques often develop in regions subjected to disturbed shear stress (DSS), yet the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon remain poorly understood. Our study aimed to elucidate the unknown role of MAPK6 in shear stress and plaque formation.MethodsIn vitro and in vivo experiments, RNA‐seq, CO‐IP and proteomic analysis, combined with single‐cell RNA‐seq datasets were used to reveal the upstream and downstream mechanisms involved. AAV‐MAPK6, ApoE−/−MAPK6flox/floxTEKCre mice and the CXCL12 neutraligand were used to confirm the beneficial effects of MAPK6 against atherosclerosis.ResultsOur study revealed a substantial decrease in MAPK6 protein levels in endothelial cells in response to DSS, both in vivo and in vitro, which was contingent on the binding of the ubiquitin ligase TRIM21 to MAPK6. Endothelium‐specific MAPK6 overexpression exerts antiatherosclerotic effects in ApoE−/− mice, elucidating the unexplored role of MAPK6 in atherosclerosis. Comprehensive RNA‐seq, integrated single‐cell mapping and further experiments unveiled the involvement of MAPK6 in inflammation through the EGR1/CXCL12 axis. ApoE−/−MAPK6flox/floxTEKCre mice finally confirmed that conditional MAPK6 knockout resulted in endothelial inflammation and significant increases in plaque areas. Notably, these effects could be reversed through the neutralization of CXCL12.ConclusionsOur study illuminates the advantages of MAPK6 in decelerating plaque progression, highlighting the potential of safeguarding MAPK6 as a novel therapeutic strategy against atherosclerosis.Key points
Disturbed flow activates the ubiquitin‒proteasome degradation pathway of MAPK6 in endothelial cells, which is contingent on the binding of the ubiquitin ligase TRIM21 to MAPK6.
Endothelial MAPK6 has an advantageous impact on decelerating plaque progression.
MAPK6 regulates endothelial inflammation via the EGR1/CXCL12 axis.