bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Complex interventions for aggressive challenging behaviour in adults with intellectual disability: A rapid realist review informed by multiple populations
Authors: Royston Rachel , Naughton Stephen , Hassiotis Angela , Jahoda Andrew , Ali Afia , Chauhan Umesh , Cooper Sally-Ann , Kouroupa Athanasia , Steed Liz , Strydom Andre , Taggart Laurence , Rapaport Penny 
Published: May 2023

ObjectivesApproximately 10% of people with intellectual disability display aggressive challenging behaviour, usually due to unmet needs. There are a variety of interventions available, yet a scarcity of understanding about what mechanisms contribute to successful interventions. We explored how complex interventions for aggressive challenging behaviour work in practice and what works for whom by developing programme theories through contexts-mechanism-outcome configurations.MethodsThis review followed modified rapid realist review methodology and RAMESES-II standards. Eligible papers reported on a range of population groups (intellectual disability, mental health, dementia, young people and adults) and settings (community and inpatient) to broaden the scope and available data for review.ResultsFive databases and grey literature were searched and a total of 59 studies were included. We developed three overarching domains comprising of 11 contexts-mechanism-outcome configurations; 1. Working with the person displaying aggressive challenging behaviour, 2. Relationships and team focused approaches and 3. Sustaining and embedding facilitating factors at team and systems levels. Mechanisms underlying the successful application of interventions included improving understanding, addressing unmet need, developing positive skills, enhancing carer compassion, and boosting staff self-efficacy and motivation.ConclusionThe review emphasises how interventions for aggressive challenging behaviour should be personalised and tailored to suit individual needs. Effective communication and trusting relationships between service users, carers, professionals, and within staff teams is essential to facilitate effective intervention delivery. Carer inclusion and service level buy-in supports the attainment of desired outcomes. Implications for policy, clinical practice and future directions are discussed.Prospero registration numberCRD42020203055.
The military spouse experience of living alongside their serving/veteran partner with a mental health issue: A systematic review and narrative synthesis
Authors: Senior Emma , Clarke Amanda , Wilson-Menzfeld Gemma 
Published: May 2023

Introduction
Military healthcare studies have reported a wide range of mental health issues amongst military personnel. Globally, mental health issues are one of the main causes of ill health. Military personnel have a greater prevalence of mental health issues than that of the general population. The impact of mental health issues can be wide and far reaching for family and carers. This systematic narrative review explores the military spouse experience of living alongside their serving or veteran partner with a mental health issue.

Methods
The systematic review performed was based on the PRISMA guide for searching, screening, selecting papers for data extraction and evaluation. Studies were identified from CINHAL, ASSIA, Proquest Psychology, Proquest Nursing & Allied Health source, Proquest Dissertations & Theses, ETHOS, PsychArticles, Hospital collection, Medline, Science Direct Freedom Collection and hand searching of citations and reference lists.

Results
Twenty-seven studies were included in the narrative synthesis. Five overarching themes from the experiences of military spouses’ living alongside their serving/veteran partners mental health issue were identified: caregiver burden, intimate relationships, psychological/psychosocial effects on the spouse, mental health service provision and spouse’s knowledge and management of symptoms.

Conclusions
The systematic review and narrative synthesis identified that the majority of studies focused on spouses of veterans, very few were specific to serving military personnel, but similarities were noted. Findings suggest that care burden and a negative impact on the intimate relationship is evident, therefore highlight a need to support and protect the military spouse and their serving partner. Likewise, there is a need for greater knowledge, access and inclusion of the military spouse, in the care and treatment provision of their serving partner’s mental health issue.
Elderly-friendly indoor vertical dimensional layout method based on joint mobility
Authors: Wang Feng , Buranaut Isarachai , Zhang Bo , Liu Jie 
Published: May 2023

Introduction
The vertical dimensional arrangement of space is primarily influenced by the reachable range of human fingertips. Currently, this dimensional layout analysis concentrates solely on static body dimensions based on Farley’s principle. However, the joint mobility of the elderly population has diminished, necessitating the identification of the factors influencing the age-friendly spatial vertical dimension layout through experimentation.

Methods
A random sample of 62 adults and 62 elderly individuals were selected to measure the joint mobility of 8 groups with varying comfort levels. The measurement results were analyzed using an independent sample t-test with SPSS software.

Results
The joint mobility of the elderly group exhibited a notable difference from that of the adult group across distinct comfort gradients. A significant reduction in the range of motion of all joints in the elderly was observed. The findings suggest that the reachable range of the upper limbs of the elderly should be considered in conjunction with joint mobility. We propose a vertical dimensional layout method for residential spaces that accommodates the joint mobility of elderly users.

Conclusion
The joint mobility of the elderly is significantly deteriorating, and the traditional vertical spatial layout method cannot adequately support the daily life of the elderly. It is essential to integrate the joint mobility factor into the vertical dimensional layout design process. In this paper, we propose an elderly-friendly vertical spatial dimension layout method. It offers a reference for subsequent planning of elderly-friendly vertical dimension layout.
Clinical characterization of a cohort of patients treated for systemic lupus erythematosus in Colombia: A retrospective study
Authors: Machado-Alba Jorge Enrique , Machado-Duque Manuel E. , Gaviria-Mendoza Andres , Duarte-Rey Carolina , González-Rangel Andrés 
Published: May 2023

Introduction
Systemic lupus erythematosus is an autoimmune disease associated with serious complications and high costs. The aim was to describe the clinical characteristics and health care resource utilization of a Colombian systemic lupus erythematosus outpatient cohort.

Methods
This was a retrospective descriptive study. Clinical records and claims data for systemic lupus erythematosus patients from ten specialized care centers in Colombia were reviewed for up to 12 months. Baseline clinical variables, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index, drug use, and direct costs were measured. Descriptive statistics were analyzed using SPSS.

Results
A total of 413 patients were included; 361 (87.4%) were female, and the mean age was 42 ± 14 years. The mean disease evolution was 8.9 ± 6.0 years; 174 patients (42.1%) had a systemic manifestation at baseline, mostly lupus nephritis (105; 25.4%). A total of 334 patients (80.9%) had at least one comorbidity, mainly antiphospholipid syndrome (90; 21.8%) and hypertension (76; 18.4%). The baseline Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index score was 0 in 215 patients (52.0%), 1–5 in 154 (37.3%), 6–10 in 41 (9.9%) and 11+ in 3 (0.7%). All patients received pharmacological therapy, and the most common treatment was corticosteroids (293; 70.9%), followed by antimalarials (chloroquine 52.5%, hydroxychloroquine 31.0%), immunosuppressants (azathioprine 45.3%, methotrexate 21.5%, mycophenolate mofetil 20.1%, cyclosporine 8.0%, cyclophosphamide 6.8%, leflunomide 4.8%) and biologicals (10.9%). The mean annual costs were USD1954 per patient/year, USD1555 for antirheumatic drugs (USD10,487 for those with biologicals), USD86 for medical visits, USD235 for drug infusions and USD199 for laboratory tests.

Conclusions
Systemic lupus erythematosus generates an important economic and morbidity burden for the Colombian health system. Systemic lupus erythematosus outpatient attention costs in the observation year were mainly determined by drug therapy (especially biologics), medical visits and laboratory tests. New studies addressing the rate of exacerbations, long-term follow-up or costs related to hospital care are recommended.
Association between body mass index and posterior spine fusion among patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis
Authors: Chan Carrie T. 
Published: May 2023

Introduction
Previous studies have found mixed associations between body mass index (BMI) and adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) incidence and progression. The aim of this study was to examine the association between BMI and the incidence of posterior spine fusion (PSF) among pediatric patients with AIS.

Methods
This was a retrospective cohort study of patients diagnosed with AIS at a single large tertiary care center between January 1, 2014 and December 31, 2020. BMI-for-age percentiles were used to categorize BMI into four categories: underweight (<5th percentile), healthy weight (≥5th to <85th percentile), overweight (≥85th to <95th percentile), and obese (≥95th percentile). Chi-square and t-tests were used to compare distributions of baseline characteristics by incident PSF outcome status. Multivariable logistic regression assessed the association between BMI category at baseline and incident PSF adjusting for sex, age at diagnosis, race/ethnicity, health insurance type, vitamin D supplementation, and low vitamin D levels.

Results
A total of 2,258 patients met the inclusion criteria with 2,113 patients (93.6%) who did not undergo PSF during the study period and 145 patients (6.4%) who did undergo PSF. At baseline, 7.3% of patients were categorized as underweight, 73.2% were healthy weight, 10.2% were overweight, and 9.3% were obese. Compared to those in the healthy weight group, there was no significant association between PSF and being underweight (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 1.64, 95% CI 0.90–2.99, p = 0.107), being overweight (AOR 1.25, 95% CI 0.71–2.20, p = 0.436), or being obese (AOR 1.19, 95% CI 0.63–2.27, p = 0.594).

Conclusions
This study did not find a statistically significant association between underweight, overweight, or obese BMI category and incident PSF among patients with AIS. These findings add to the current mixed evidence on the relationship between BMI and surgical risk and may support the recommendation of conservative treatment to patients regardless of BMI.
Non-arteritic anterior ischemic and glaucomatous optic neuropathy: Implications for neuroretinal rim remodeling with disease severity
Authors: Eadie Brennan D. , Dyachok Oksana M. , Quach Jack H. , Maxner Charles E. , Rafuse Paul E. , Shuba Lesya M. , Vianna Jayme R. , Chauhan Balwantray C. , Nicolela Marcelo T. 
Published: May 2023

Purpose
Post-acute non-arteritic ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) and glaucomatous optic neuropathy (GON) can be difficult to differentiate clinically. Our objective was to identify optical coherence tomography (OCT) parameters to help differentiate these optic neuropathies.

Methods
We compared 12 eyes of 8 patients with NAION and 12 eyes of 12 patients with GON, matched for age and visual field mean deviation (MD). All patients underwent clinical assessment, automated perimetry (Humphrey Field Analyzer II; Carl Zeiss Meditec, Dublin, CA, USA), and OCT imaging (Spectralis OCT2; Heidelberg Engineering, Heidelberg, Germany) of the optic nerve head and macula. We derived the neuroretinal minimum rim width (MRW), peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness, central anterior lamina cribrosa depth, and macular retinal thickness.

Results
MRW was markedly thicker, both globally and in all sectors, in the NAION group compared to the GON group. There was no significant group difference in RFNL thickness, globally or in any sector, with the exception of the temporal sector that was thinner in the NAION group. The group difference in MRW increased with increasing visual field loss. Other differences observed included lamina cribrosa depth significantly greater in the GON group and significantly thinner central macular retinal layers in the NAION group. The ganglion cell layer was not significantly different between the groups.

Conclusions
The neuroretinal rim is altered in a dissimilar manner in NAION and GON and MRW is a clinically useful index for differentiating these two neuropathies. The fact that the difference in MRW between the two groups increased with disease severity suggests distinct remodelling patterns in response to differing insults with NAION and GON.
An unusual ectopic thymoma clonal evolution analysis: A case report
Authors: Zhang Sijia , Wu Lu , Li Zhenyu , Li Qianwen , Zong Yan , Zhu Kuikui , Chen Leichong , Qin Haifeng , Meng Rui 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Thymomas and thymic carcinomas are rare and primary tumors of the mediastinum which is derived from the thymic epithelium. Thymomas are the most common primary anterior mediastinal tumor, while ectopic thymomas are rarer. Mutational profiles of ectopic thymomas may help expand our understanding of the occurrence and treatment options of these tumors. In this report, we sought to elucidate the mutational profiles of two ectopic thymoma nodules to gain deeper understanding of the molecular genetic information of this rare tumor and to provide guidance treatment options. We presented a case of 62-year-old male patient with a postoperative pathological diagnosis of type A mediastinal thymoma and ectopic pulmonary thymoma. After mediastinal lesion resection and thoracoscopic lung wedge resection, the mediastinal thymoma was completely removed, and the patient recovered from the surgery and no recurrence was found by examination until now. Whole exome sequencing was performed on both mediastinal thymoma and ectopic pulmonary thymoma tissue samples of the patient and clonal evolution analysis were further conducted to analyze the genetic characteristics. We identified eight gene mutations that were co-mutated in both lesions. Consistent with a previous exome sequencing analysis of thymic epithelial tumor, HRAS was also observed in both mediastinal lesion and lung lesion tissues. We also evaluated the intratumor heterogeneity of non-silent mutations. The results showed that the mediastinal lesion tissue has higher degree of heterogeneity and the lung lesion tissue has relatively low amount of variant heterogeneity in the detected variants. Through pathology and genomics sequencing detection, we initially revealed the genetic differences between mediastinal thymoma and ectopic thymoma, and clonal evolution analysis showed that these two lesions originated from multi-ancestral regions.
Managing abductions in working memory: the influence of percepts
Authors: West Donna E. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This inquiry addresses how working memory underpins abductive inferences, given their means to objectify meanings. Binding experiences in WM: integrates features with objects, makes obvious object situatedness, and determines impingement of objects upon other objects. These meaning chunks verify how events affect consequences, tracing episodic profiles. WM binding is essential to the evolution of sign meanings, when hatching inferences about which objects/events should be included in the same image, illustrating how WM bindings are implicated in constructing Percepts. Percepts mark the starting point when new meanings are attributed to objects (7.671). These new meanings materialize consequent to implied predicative alterations. WM chunks consist in locative and/or descriptive predicates; they can be implicit in Terms, or explicit in Propositions (1908: 8.373). As Terms with implied predicates, percepts provide the building blocks to attribute new meanings to event profiles, complying with Peirce’s proviso that interpretants “have to be much widened” (1906: 4.538).
Pitching strategy evaluation via stratified analysis using propensity score
Authors: Nakahara Hiroshi , Takeda Kazuya , Fujii Keisuke 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Recent measurement technologies enable us to analyze baseball at higher levels of complexity. There are, however, still many unclear points around pitching strategy. There are two elements that make it difficult to measure the effect of a pitching strategy. First, most public datasets do not include location data where the catcher demands a ball, which is essential information to obtain the battery’s intent. Second, there are many confounders associated with pitching/batting results when evaluating pitching strategy. We here clarify the effect of pitching attempts to a specific location, e.g., inside or outside. We employ a causal inference framework called stratified analysis using a propensity score to evaluate the effects while removing the effect of confounding factors. We use a pitch-by-pitch dataset of Japanese professional baseball games held in 2014–2019, which includes location data where the catcher demands a ball. The results reveal that an outside pitching attempt is more effective than an inside one to minimize allowed run average. In addition, the stratified analysis shows that the outside pitching attempt is effective regardless of the magnitude of the estimated batter’s ability, and the proportion of pitched inside for pitcher/batter. Our analysis provides practical insights into selecting a pitching strategy to minimize allowed runs.
Assessing University Students’ Satisfaction with Web-Based Library Services Based on SERVQUAL Model: A Case of a Pakistani University
Authors: Butt Kiran , Arif Muhammad , Rafiq Muhammad 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the service quality of Pakistani university libraries in the context of the user satisfaction. A quantitative survey was conducted to collect data from postgraduate students. The multi-dimensional modified SERVQUAL structured questionnaire consisting of 23 statements was used as a data collection instrument. The results revealed that users were satisfied with the “Empathy” dimension, showing that users were satisfied with the behavior of library staff and the friendly environment between the users and the library personnel. However, there was a gap in the expected service quality and perceived service quality in the four dimensions of SERVQUAL (“Tangible,” “Reliability,” “Responsiveness,” and “Assurance”). The findings of the study would support university library professionals to improve web-based library services. The study would be a useful addition to the body of knowledge.
Expression of eIF6 and its relationship with cell proliferation in colorectal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Chen Liming , Pang Jiuling , Dong Huajiang , Qu Bo , Yang Tao , Ma Xi , Liu Qi , Liu Aidong 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Eukaryotic translation initiation factors (eIFs) are genes related to tumor formation. They selectively translate some mRNAs, regulate protein synthesis, promote cell proliferation, and effectively control the progression of some tumors. As a member of this family, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 6 (eIF6) plays a crucial role in tumor formation and progression. Exploring the expression characteristics of eIF6 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), a proliferation-associated factor, in colorectal adenocarcinoma (CRAC) and analyzing their correlation and clinical significance can provide a theoretical basis for the study of CRAC and objective biological indicators for the clinical judgment of tumor formation and progression.

Methods
The GEPIA database was used to predict the trend of eIF6 and PCNA in CRAC. Sixty-four patients diagnosed with CRAC and undergoing surgical treatment were selected from January 2017 to November 2022. CRAC tissues and normal mucous tissues (>3 cm away from the tumor margin) were retained. The expression of eIF6 and PCNA was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Colon cancer cell lines SW480, HCT15, and SW620 and normal colon cell line NCM460 were selected, and the expression of eFI6 and PCNA in these cells was detected by Western blot.

Results
A trend of elevated expression of eIF6 and PCNA was predicted in CRAC by the GEPIA database. The expression levels of eIF6 (65.63 % vs. 9.38 %, X2=43.2000, p<0.0001) and PCNA (84.38 % vs. 46.88 %, X2=19.9481, p<0.0001) were higher in CRAC tissues than that in normal mucosa as indicated by IHC. Significant difference in eIF6 and PCNA expression was found among different maxim tumor diameters and depths of infiltration in colon adenocarcinoma (p<0.05). No statistical difference in eIF6 and PCNA expression was observed among different genders, ages, degrees of differentiation, LNMets, intravascular cancer thrombosis, TNM stages, and numbers of lymph node metastases (p>0.05). A positive correlation was found between eIF6 and PCNA in CRAC (X2=5.05, r=0.77, p=0.0283). Their expression was significantly higher in SW480, HCT15, and SW620 than in NCM460 (p<0.05).

Conclusions
eIF6 is highly expressed in CRAC, participates in tumor formation and progression, and has a positive correlation with PCNA.
Impact of Physical Fitness on Reasons for Academy Release in Firefighter Trainees
Authors: Lockie Robert G. , Orr Robin M. , Montes Fernando , Ruvalcaba Tomas J. , Dawes J. Jay 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Lockie, RG, Orr, RM, Montes, F, Ruvalcaba, TJ, and Dawes, JJ. Impact of physical fitness on reasons for academy release in firefighter trainees. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000–000, 2022—Firefighter trainees require a certain level of fitness to be admitted to and to complete a fire training academy. There is no research detailing whether there are fitness differences between trainees who graduate (GRAD) or those released due to either injury (RELI) or skills test performance failures (RELP). Archival data from 305 trainees (274 males and 31 females) were analyzed. Trainees completed the following fitness tests at the start of academy: Illinois agility test, metronome push-ups, pull-ups, leg tucks, multistage fitness test, backward overhead medicine ball throw (BOMBT) with a 4.54-kg ball, 10 repetition maximum deadlift, and a farmer's carry with 18-kg kettlebells over a 91.44-m course. Trainees were split into GRAD (245 males and 16 females), RELI (9 males and 1 female), and RELP (20 males and 14 females) groups. Kolmogorov-Smirnov data indicated most data were not normally distributed. Accordingly, Kruskal-Wallis H-tests, with Bonferroni post hoc, calculated between-group fitness test differences. Effect sizes were also derived. Except for the leg tuck and farmer's carry, the RELP group performed significantly poorer in all fitness tests compared with the GRAD group (p ≤ 0.032). The largest effects were seen for the BOMBT (d = 1.02), Illinois agility test, and 10 repetition maximum deadlift (both d = 0.78). There were no significant fitness test differences for the GRAD and RELI groups. Trainees with poorer fitness were more likely to be released from academy due to skills test failures. Multiple fitness components, but particularly muscular strength and power, should be developed in trainees to aid their ability to perform academy firefighting tasks.