bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Case Study of Slope Instability Caused by Weathering Process of Phyllite, Meta-Arenite and Granite on the Pergau and Kenyir Slopes
Authors: Taher Taherah M. , Omar R. C , Wahab W. A. , Baharuddin I.N.Z. , Roslan R. , Khalid N.H.N , Isa A.A.M. , Ahmad Fahruzzaman 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Due to the disturbed rock mass and topographic conditions caused by earthworks, slopes are highly susceptible to weathering. During and just after the earthworks of a slope, the exposed rock material and mass may be subject to weathering and erosion. They may erode and alter the rock's engineering properties and the stability of the slope over the rock's engineering lifetime. This study examined the effects of weathering on the stability of two cut slopes in Phyllite, Meta-Arenite, and Granite from Pergau, Kelantan, and Kenyir, Terengganu. This study used a spatially integrated mapping framework to examine slope instability in remote tropical forests and natural hilly terrain using spatial data analysis that contributes to the development of landslide hazard map, slope aspect, slope angle, slope orientation, and shaded slopes (i.e., slopes of some orientations are more sheltered (shaded)) from sunlight than slopes of other orientations and elevation. This framework identified and validated slope instability utilizing a confirmatory site-specific analysis and laboratory tests, including uniaxial compressive strength and geophysics survey to examine weathering grade and groundwater level, including the saturated condition of the rocks. Field data show that the weathering occurs due to percolating groundwater and due to the slope, which is protected from the direct rays of the sun and can retain more moisture, causing a gradual degradation of the rock's engineering properties of the slope. Based on what has been seen in the field and the analysis, the safety factor for mass failure on the study slopes is usually the key determinant. Based on limit equilibrium analyses, both cut slopes likely fall apart in a plane with a low safety factor.
A comprehensive investigation of crosstalk between m5C writer NSUN2 and MYC in breast cancer microenvironment
Authors: Xi Yi-Qing , Chen Bao-Xiang , Zeng Yi-Fan , Wei Lei , Shao You-Cheng , Feng Mao-Hui , Zhang Jing-Wei 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background Aberrant post transcriptional modifications of RNA, such as 5-methylcytosine modifications, have been frequently observed in breast cancer (BC). The M5C core catalytic enzymeNSUN2gene was found to be co-amplified with the oncogenic transcription factorMYCin BC. However, the function of m5C modification in the immune response and metabolism to BC remains unknown. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the crosstalk betweenNSUN2andMYCin BC microenvironment. Methods We investigated the function of NSUN2 in breast cancer using vivo and vitro assays. Next, the co-occurrence of NSUN2 and MYC in BC were tested by cBioPortal analysis. Co-immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry were performed to determine the interact between NSUN2 and MYC. Then, correlation between the expression of NSUN2 and BC microenvironment were explored by CAMOIP, PCR and western-blotting. Additionally, RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq), Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) were used to investigate the underlying mechanism of NSUN2 in BC. Results In the current study, increased expression ofNSUN2was observed in BC tissue compared to that in the adjacent normal tissue. ElevatedNSUN2levels were associated with poor prognosis in patients with BC.NSUN2knockout (KO) suppressed cell proliferation, migration, and invasion; induced apoptosis in vitro; and repressed tumor growth in vivo. Subsequently, we determined NSUN2 can interact with MYC protein, and found that immune infiltration and glycolysis were increased in theNSUN2KO BC cell line. In addition, RNA sequencing demonstrated that the differentially expressed genes in BC cells afterNSUN2KO were significantly enriched in the negative regulation of immune processes and metabolic processes. Conclusions Overall, NSUN2 overexpression drove immunosuppression and promoted BC progression. NSUN2 can interact with MYC protein, thereby being involved in the functional regulation of MYC target genes. Our findings suggest thatNSUN2may act as a potential therapeutic target for BC in the context ofMYCamplification.
Neuroanatomy of Cerebellar Mutism Syndrome: The Role of Lesion Location
Authors: Skye Jax , Bruss Joel , Toescu Sebastian , Aquilina Kristian , Grafft Amanda , Lola Gino Bardi , Boes Aaron D. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Approximately 25% of pediatric patients who undergo cerebellar tumor resection develop cerebellar mutism syndrome (CMS). Our group recently showed that damage to the cerebellar deep nuclei and superior cerebellar peduncles, which we refer to as the cerebellar outflow pathway, is associated with increased risk of CMS. Here, we tested whether these findings replicate in an independent cohort. We evaluated the relationship between lesion location and the development of CMS in an observational study of 56 pediatric patients who underwent cerebellar tumor resection. We hypothesized that individuals that developed CMS after surgery (CMS+), relative to those that did not (CMS-) would have lesions that preferentially intersected with: 1) the cerebellar outflow pathway, and 2) a previously generated ‘lesion-symptom map’ of CMS. Analyses were conducted in accordance with pre-registered hypotheses and analytic methods (https://osf.io/r8yjv/). We found supporting evidence for both hypotheses. Compared with CMS- patients, CMS + patients (n = 10) had lesions with greater overlap with the cerebellar outflow pathway (Cohen’s d = .73, p = .05), and the CMS lesion-symptom map (Cohen’s d = 1.1, p = .004). These results strengthen the association of lesion location with risk of developing CMS and demonstrate generalizability across cohorts. These findings may help to inform the optimal surgical approach to pediatric cerebellar tumors.
Anaemia Prevalence and Socio-demographic Factors Among Women of Reproductive Age (WRA): A Geospatial Analysis of Empowered Action Groups (EAG) States in India
Authors: Barman Manabindra 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Anaemia remains a major nutritional-related health concern for women under reproductive age (WRA), in the developing nations like India as well the Indian EAG states. According to NFHS round-5, EAG states constitute 57% of WRA having any form of anaemia, which is higher than the many other states of India, also other developed and developing nations. This study aimed to assess the frequency of anaemia among the WRA in India's eight EAG states. Also, attempt to analyse the causes that are associated with anaemia by the women’s background characteristics with spatial correlation with its co variates across 291 districts of the EAG states. One of the most current Demographic and Health Survey's (DHS) cross-sectional data, NFHS-5th (2019-20) round taken, which is conducted by the IIPS, under the administration of MoFHW, India. This study only included 315069 women under reproductive age (WRA). The variables related to anaemia among women's (WRA) background socio-demographic characteristics were assessed using bivariate statistics and multinominal logistic regression analysis, in order to comprehend spatial correlation between women with their determinant factors. Among the EAG states, the overall prevalence of anaemia was 57%, varying from 42.6% in Uttarakhand to 65.3% in Jharkhand. Multiple logistic regression analyses reveal that the chances of anaemia are remarkably more prevalent in younger women (15-19 years of age), also the women living in rural areas, no educated and primary level educated women, women belonging to the middle to poorest wealth quintile, women no longer living together, women of the Christian religion, women who are not exposed to reading newspapers, underweight BMI women, and scheduled tribe women. Mostly the prevalence is observed in the North-eastern and southeastern states of Bihar, Jharkhand, Odisha, Chhattisgarh, some parts of Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, and Rajasthan, which is shown by the hotspot map. According to the findings of this study, numerous factors like family, socioeconomic, educational, awareness, and individual characteristics such as caste and domicile all lead to a high risk of anaemia. The WRA suffers from anaemia as a result of their socioeconomic background and awareness, which leads to a lack of nourishment, and they seek nutrient deficiencies. To overcome this anaemia, multiple discipline policies and initiatives need to take targeting women's wellness and nutritional status, by increasing women's education and socioeconomic status.
Two spectral Gegenbauer methods for solving linear and nonlinear time fractional Cable problems
Authors: Atta A.G. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

This research aims to analyze and implement two numerical spectral schemes for solving linear and nonlinear time fractional Cable equations (TFCEs). Two modified sets of shifted Gegenbauer polynomials (SGPs) are used as basis functions. The approximation of the solution is written as a product of the two chosen basis function sets. For these methods, the principle idea is to convert the problem governed by the underlying conditions into a set of linear and nonlinear algebraic equations that can be solved using appropriate numerical techniques. The upper estimate of the truncation error for the proposed expansion is investigated. In the end, four examples are presented to illustrate the accuracy of the suggested schemes.
AMS Mathematics Subject Classification 2010: 35R11, 65N35, 40A05, 35R11
Using Machine Learning to early detection and classification of breast cancer masses based on medical image processing
Authors: Hamad Karzan , Ahmed Rizgar Maghded , Celik Bulent 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In this paper, a link was made between one of the machine learning methods, which is Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), and the analysis of Medical Images (mammography images) for the classification and early detection of breast cancer (the most prevalent among women in the world).
The idea of ​​the research depends on the Feature Extraction of some measurements (statistical and geometrics) of the shape of benign and malignant masses using the digital image processing program (ImageJ) and then using the method (Feed Forward Networks) to classify the process between them for the data of a sample of patients with (150) digital mammography images (75 benign and 75 malignant images) in breast cancer. The research reached a classification accuracy of (86.67%) Model Sensitivity equal to (91.67%) to distinguish between the two types masses, which is a high percentage based on a set of statistical criteria for evaluating the model (confusion matrix, ROC curve, Kappa statistics)
The variables (Perimeter, Minor, InDen, and Feret) were ranked first in importance and distinction between the two masses, and the program (R4.2.3) was used to analyze the data.
Ethical and legal dilemmas on termination of pregnancy: The Case of Ilu Aba Bora and Buno Bedelle Zones
Authors: Mitiku Gadisa , Amsalu Bedasa , Ejeta Samuel 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Abortion is one of the most controversial issues in legal and ethical debates. Abortion is legally debated in light of the principles of criminal law. This usually involves competing arguments in favor of the fetus's "right" (i.e., personality) to be revived or in favor of the mother's right to have an abortion based on her own interests.
Objectives
The aim of the study was to explore ethical and legal dilemmas around abortion in the case of I/A/Bor and Bunno Bedelle Zone, South west Ethiopia.
Methods
A qualitative study design was chosen. Buno Bedelle and Ilu Abba Bora zone were especially chosen because of their familiarity with the area and their place of work. Three out of five hospitals in the study area were specially selected, namely Bedelle Hospital, Mettu karl Hospital and Darimu Hospital. Twenty-five abortion service providers from selected hospitals participated in the study. We analyzed the qualitative data using thematic methods. The researchers triangulated primary data with secondary data obtained through key informant interviews and systematic observations to maximize the reliability and validity of their results. Finally, the categories were transformed into generalized descriptions of the most common dilemmas, judgments and considerations that emerged from the material.
Results
Data from the study areas indicate that societal views on abortion are heterogeneous, reflecting a range of attitudes ranging from outright anti-abortion to more pro-choice positions, with differences between rural and urban areas. In this regard, the majority of health care professionals recognize that unsafe abortion is a serious health problem. Health-care providers who practiced safe abortion were more likely to have positive attitudes toward safe abortion than those who did not. Similarly, providers who knew abortion laws were more likely to have such positive attitudes than those who lacked this knowledge, training is essential to reduce maternal mortality.
Conclusions
Data from the study area indicate that health professionals report conflicting concerns, burdensome responsibilities, and ambiguity related to the interpretation and enforcement of the law when working in situations where the law readily opens doors to women seeking abortion.
NAS: A Neural Attention-based SLAM for Autonomous Navigation in Unknown 3D Environments
Authors: Wu Yu , Chen Niansheng , Fan Guangyu , Yang Dingyu , Rao Lei , Cheng Songlin , Song Xiaoyong , Ma Yiping 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Navigation in unknown 3D environments aims to progressively find an efficient path to a given target goal in unseen scenarios. A challenge is how to explore the navigation quickly and effectively. An end-to-end learning approach is proposed to extract geometric shapes from RGB images, but it is not suitable for large environments due to its exhaustive exploration with exponential search space. Active Neural SLAM (ANS) presents a semantic map to maximize exploration coverage to tackle the object goal navigation task, but ANS still visits the explored areas frequently since the unproper local target selection. In this paper, we propose a neural attention SLAM (NAS) model to explore unknown 3D environments. Spatial attention is provided to quickly identify colorful obstacles (such as tea table or floor). We also leverage the priority of unknown regions in the short-term goal decision to avoid frequently exploration with a channel attention. The experimental results show that our model can build a more accurate map than ANS and other baseline methods with less running time. In terms of relative coverage, NAS achieves a 0.5$\%$ improvement over ANS in overall and a 1.1$\%$ improvement over ANS in large environments.
End Stage Kidney Disease Outcomes in Children and Young Adults with Sickle Cell Disease in the United States Renal Data System
Authors: Zahr Rima S. , Ataga Kenneth I. , Lebensburger Jeffrey D. , Winer Jeffrey C. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background: Children and young adults with sickle cell disease (SCD) develop kidney disease early in childhood with some patients progressing to require dialysis and kidney transplantation. The prevalence and outcomes of children with end stage kidney disease (ESKD) due to SCD is not well described. This study aimed to assess the burden and outcomes of ESKD in children and young adults with SCD in a large national database.
Methods: Utilizing the United States Renal Data System (USRDS) we retrospectively examined ESKD outcomes in children and young adults with SCD from 1998 – 2019.
Results: We identified 97 patients with SCD that developed ESKD and identified 96 matched controls with median age of 19 years (IQR 17, 21) at time of ESKD diagnosis. SCD patients had significantly shorter survival (7.0 years vs. 12.4 years, p < 0.001) and had a longer waiting time to their first transplant when compared to matched non-SCD-ESKD patients (10.3 years vs. 5.6 years, p < 0.001).
Conclusions: Children and young adults with SCD-ESKD have a significantly higher mortality when matched to non-SCD-ESKD children and experience a longer mean time to kidney transplant.
Incidence of macular displacement after rhegmatogenous retinal detachment using ultra-widefield fundus autofluorescence
Authors: Sauveur Guy de Saint , Sayadi Sana , Lejoyeux Raphaël , Salviat Flore , Tadayoni Ramin , Bruneau Sébastien , Bonnin Sophie , Mer Yannick Le 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The incidence of retinal displacement after rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) surgery is variable and its clinical consequences are unclear. The aim of this study was to assess the incidence and clinical features of retinal displacement after RRD surgery by using ultra-widefield (UWF) imaging.
Methods
Retrospective observational study including all consecutive patients who underwent RRD surgery at the Rothschild Foundation Hospital. Postoperative data included the visual acuity and symptoms of visual impairment. Macular retinal displacement occurrence and its features were assessed and measured by using the autofluorescence images.
Results
A total of 123 eyes were included. UWF fundus autofluorescence revealed the presence of macular retinal displacement in 14 (11%) eyes. All displacements were inferior, with a mean angle of 3.8°. Patients with and without macular displacement did not differ in postoperative visual acuity. The retinal detachment extent and preoperative macular involvement were not significantly associated with the occurrence of retinal displacement.
Conclusion
In this representative cohort of eyes that underwent RRD surgery with systematic screening for postoperative retinal displacement by UWF fundus autofluorescence, 11% of eyes experienced an inferior retinal shift. As in other cohorts, the presence of metamorphopsia was not associated with the occurrence of retinal shift.
Global PV Supply Chains: Costs and Energy Savings, GHG Emission Reductions
Authors: Shen Xiao , Liu Jie 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In the battle against climate change, accelerating clean energy development is crucial. A global supply chain and cooperation in renewable energy technologies are vital for success. However, the increasing trend towards domestic protectionism in the clean energy sector may result in significant cost increases and hinder efforts to tackle climate change. Our study examined the cost savings, energy savings, and greenhouse gas emissions reduction achieved through a globalised solar PV module supply chain compared to a hypothetical scenario where domestic manufacturers supplied an increasing proportion of installed capacities over ten years from 2004 to 2021. We focused on five representative countries: China, the United States, Germany, Japan, and India. Our analysis revealed substantial cumulative savings in these countries, with cost savings totalling US$181 billion (165-179 billion), energy savings reaching 2.26 EJ-eq (1.99-2.56 EJ-eq), and greenhouse gas emissions avoidance amounting to 105 Mt CO2-eq (73-145 Mt CO2-eq). Future projections from 2022 to 2050 under two IEA scenarios indicate continued savings. This analysis highlights a globalised supply chain's significant cost, energy, and emissions benefits. Coordinated policy reforms are needed to facilitate clean energy trade and technology transfer to achieve global environmental goals.
Forecasting the health expenditures in Iran by Using Time Series Analysis as Machine Learning Model in Python
Authors: Hedayati Maryam , Asl Iravan Masoudi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background:
Forecasting the future trend of health expenditures is an important step to achieve universal health coverage (UHC) by 2030. This study aimed to examine the two decades underlying historical trends in Iran’s health expenditures and explore these data as the grounds for forecasting its health expenditures.
Methods:
Iran’s health spending data spanning 2001–2019 were extracted from the National Health Account 2020 database. Total health expenditure, government, prepaid private, and out-of-pocket spending per capita were forecasted for 2020–2030. The Autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model was used to obtain future projections based on time series analysis. Python programming language has been used for prediction.
Results:
The model of total health expenditure (THE), government health expenditure (GHE), social health expenditure (SHE), prepaid private health expenditure (PPHE), and out-of-pocket health expenditure (OOP) are ARIMA (0,2,2), ARIMA (1,2,3), ARIMA (1,2,2), ARIMA (1,1,2), and ARIMA (1,2,0). According to the simulation results, in 2030, Iran’s THE is expected to reach 16,555,761,416 billion IRR, and the constituent ratios in GHE, SHE, PPHE, and OOP will be 29%, 28%, 11%, and 32%, respectively.
Conclusions:
Forecasting health expenditures is important in ensuring sustainable financing for the health sector, which is a critical aspect of achieving UHC. Our result would help policymakers to make sufficient data available in order to plan the future of resources and estimate the amount of the budget allocated to Healthcare. Iran should take effective measures to control the excessive growth of THE, keep decreasing the OOP percentage, and improve the efficiency and fairness of the use of health funds.
The design of a fully balanced current–tunable active RC integrator
Authors: Roungrid Sittisak , Khwunnak Chadarat , Lertkonsarn Samran 
Published: May 2023

The design of the active RC integrator presented in this research utilizes a fully balanced technique and current-tunable frequencies to create the active RC integrator and reliable circuit. The circuit is made up of six npn bipolar junction transistors (BJT), six resistors (R), and a capacitor (C), with the fully balanced technique used to make the circuit structure uncomplicated and symmetrical with signal differencing. This approach results in a low number of internal devices in the circuit, making it an attractive option for integrated circuit (IC) development. One of the key features of the fully balanced current-tunable active RC integrator is its ability to be frequency-tunable with bias current (If). This feature enables the circuit to be used in a variety of applications, including filter circuits, communication signal generators, instrumentation signal generators, and various automatic controls. The fully balanced design also ensures that the circuit is stable and robust, even in the presence of device parameter variations. To evaluate the performance of the active RC integrator, simulations were conducted using Pspice.
The results show that a fully current-tunable active RC integrator can be precisely tuned with the active bias to a value consistent with the theoretically calculated value. This demonstrates the efficiency and reliability of the circuit design and simulation method. The Monte Carlo (MC) method was also used to analyze the circuit performance in cases where the resistor (R) and capacitor (C) device had a 10 percent error and the transistor gain (β) was set to an error of 50 percent. The MC analysis showed that the phase shift (degree) and magnitude (dB) of the circuit were stable, and the circuit's performance was not significantly impacted by the device parameter variations. This further demonstrates the robustness and versatility of the fully balanced current-tunable active RC integrator design. Finally, harmonic distortion was evaluated to confirm the performance of the designed and developed fully balanced current-tunable active RC integrator. The results showed low levels of harmonic distortion, which indicates that the circuit is suitable for high-performance applications that require low distortion