bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radiotherapy for Rectal Cancer: How Much is Enough?
Authors: Chapman William C. , Hunt Steven R. , Henke Lauren E. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThough resection has been the mainstay of treatment for nonmetastatic rectal cancer over the past century, radiation has become an increasingly integral component of care for locally advanced disease. Today, two predominant radiotherapy approaches—hyperfractionated chemoradiotherapy and “short-course” radiation—are widely utilized to reduce local recurrence and, in some cases, cure disease. Both have been incorporated into total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) regimens and achieved excellent local control and superior complete response rates compared to chemoradiation alone. Additionally, initial results of “watch and wait” protocols utilizing either radiation modality have been promising. Yet, differences do exist; though short course is cheaper and more convenient for patients, recently published data may show superior complete response and local recurrence rates with chemoradiation. Ultimately, direct comparisons of short-course radiotherapy against chemoradiation within the TNT framework are needed to identify optimal radiation regimens in the treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer.
The LRG-TGF-β-Alk-1/TGFßRII-Smads as Predictive Biomarkers of Chronic Hydrocephalus after Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Authors: Ma Dongying , Ma Luyao , Zhao Yongqiang , Li Yongli , Ye Wei , Li Xianfeng 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background Chronic hydrocephalus is a common complication of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH); however, the risk factors and the mechanisms underlying its occurrence have yet to be fully elucidated. The purpose of this study was to identify biomarkers that could be used to predict chronic hydrocephalus after aSAH and to investigate the relationships.
Methods We analyzed cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from 19 patients with chronic hydrocephalus after aSAH and 44 controls without hydrocephalus after aSAH. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine the levels of leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein (LRG), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), Smad1, Smad4, Smad5, Smad8, activin receptor-like kinase 1 (Alk-1), activin receptor-like kinase 5 (Alk-5), P38, and TGF-β type II receptor (TGFßRII) in CSF samples.
Results In the CSF of patients with chronic hydrocephalus after aSAH, the levels of LRG, TGF-β, Alk-1, Smad5, and TGFßRII were significantly increased (p < 0.05) and the levels of Smad1, Smad4, and Smad8 were significantly decreased (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences between the two groups concerning the levels of P38 and Alk-5 (p > 0.05). The analysis also identified significant correlations between specific biomarkers: LRG and Smad1, LRG and Smad5, TGF-β and Alk-1, and Alk-1 and Smad4 (p < 0.05); the Pearson's correlation coefficients for these relationships were −0.341, 0.257, 0.256, and −0.424, respectively.
Conclusion The levels of LRG, TGF-β, Alk-1, TGFßRII, Smad1/5/8, and Smad4 in the CSF are potentially helpful as predictive biomarkers of chronic hydrocephalus after aSAH. Moreover, the LRG-TGF-β-Alk-1/TGFßRII-Smad1/5/8-Smad4 signaling pathway is highly likely to be involved in the pathogenic process of chronic hydrocephalus after aSAH.
The Role of Multimodal Imaging in Differentiating Vasogenic from Infiltrative Edema: A Systematic Review
Authors: Hasanzadeh Alireza , Moghaddam Hossein Sanjari , Shakiba Madjid , Jalali Amir Hossein , Firouznia Kavous 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background High-grade gliomas (HGGs) are the most prevalent primary malignancy of the central nervous system. The tumor results in vasogenic and infiltrative edema . Exact anatomical differentiation of these edemas is so important for surgical planning. Multimodal imaging could be used to differentiate the edema type.
Purpose The aim of this study was to investigate the role of multimodal imaging in the differentiation of vasogenic edema from infiltrative edema in patients with HGG (grade III and grade IV).
Data Sources A search on PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and ISI Web of Science Core Collection up to June 2022 using terms related to (a) multimodal imaging AND (b) HGG AND (c) edema. (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42022336131)
Study Selection Two reviewers screened the articles and independently extracted the data. We included original articles assessing the role of multimodal imaging in differentiating vasogenic from infiltrative edema in patients with HGG. Six high-quality articles remained for the narrative synthesis.
Data Synthesis Dynamic susceptibility contrast imaging showed that relative cerebral blood volume and relative cerebral blood flow were higher in the infiltrative edema component than in the vasogenic edema component. Diffusion tensor imaging revealed a dispute on fractional anisotropy. The apparent diffusion coefficient was comparable between the two edematous components. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy exhibited an increment in choline/creatinine ratio and choline/N-acetyl aspartate ratio in the infiltrative edema component.
Limitations Strict study selection, low sample size of relevant published studies, and heterogeneity in endpoint variables were the major drawbacks.
Conclusions Multimodal imaging, including dynamic susceptibility contrast and magnetic resonance spectroscopy, might help differentiate between vasogenic and infiltrative edema.
Analysis on the Knowledge about Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders of a Male Motorcycle Community in Indonesia
Authors: Ahmada Rafdan Affan , Ramadhanti Deananda Setio , Surboyo Meircurius Dwi Condro , Parmadiati Adiastuti Endah , Ernawati Diah Savitri , Mahdani Fatma Yasmin , Ayuningtyas Nurina Febriyanti 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background Oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) are a group of oral lesions or conditions with a higher risk of malignant transformation. OPMD affects 4.47% of people worldwide, with predilection in males. The high tendency of frequent tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption may lead the male motorcycle community to have a higher risk for developing OPMD and malignant transformation.
Objectives This article determines the level of knowledge about OPMD within a male motorcycle community.
Methods This study uses a survey research design that is a questionnaire-based and descriptive study. Data were obtained using a Google Form, and IBM SPSS was used for analysis. Simple random sampling is the sampling method applied. The total knowledge score is divided into three levels, low (0–4), moderate (5–9), and high (10–15).
Results The questionnaire was finished by 60 people entirely. All respondents (100%) were men, and the majority (83.00%) was aged between 20 and 21. A total of 26 respondents (43.30%) had moderate knowledge levels, followed by 21 with high knowledge levels (35.0%), and 13 with low knowledge levels (21.70%).
Conclusion The majority of the male motorcycle community (43.30%) has a moderate knowledge level regarding OPMD. This study indicates the need for educational measures to improve awareness regarding OPMD in a high-risk community.
Pathei mathos and skandalon in Le Sacre du Printemps
Authors: Isar Nicoletta 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn spite of abundant research on Le Sacre du Printemps (The Rite of Spring), an avant-garde ballet that premiered in Paris in 1913, there is no substantive examination of the ballet’s re-imagining of premodern rituality, aesthetics, and performance. In this brief essay, I interpret Igor Stravinsky’s musical score and Vaslav Nijinsky’s choreography for Le Sacre in an exposition of two specific terms: pathei mathos (knowledge by ordeal) and skandalon (‘stumbling stone,’ a trap, scandal). As I demonstrate with my exegesis of each term, the celebrated radicality of Stravinsky’s composition and the presumed modernism of Nijinsky’s movement are in fact indebted to Greco-Roman antiquity and the Middle Ages. Ultimately, this essay shows how a high modernist ballet is in fact intimately tied to ancient ritual and medieval gesture.
Integrated positive and negative analyses of cognitive-mediation strategies in the social quarrels
Authors: Ke Yuguo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPublic disharmony can easily arise in our social conversations, leading to quarrels, disputes, and even conflicts, which can harm our society’s stability and security. Encouraging harmonious communication and interaction in public spaces is considered an embodiment of personal morality and social civilization. However, interlocutors in public discussions often overlook the crucial role of cognitive mediation, which is essential but rarely discussed in previous studies. Drawing on the theory of cognitive mediation, this study analyzes four authentic videos using four different cognitive-mediation strategies that interlocutors may use to mediate ongoing quarrels with evident social disharmony. It also demonstrates how mediators carefully choose their words to prevent the quarrel from escalating into a more negative interaction. The analysis not only illustrates the process of mediating ongoing quarrels but also provides a new model for regulating social interactions that promote communicative harmony in public places. This study has the potential to improve communication education practices in public settings and normalize social communication.
Confucius in The Times from 1785 to 2019: a diachronic news discourse analysis of newsworthiness
Authors: Chen Cheng , Liu Renping 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis article diachronically analyses the variations in newsworthiness with regards to the conception of Confucius in the British newspaper The Times from its initial publication in 1785 to 2019. Adopting corpus linguistic methods and discursive news values analysis approach, this study examines news values through collocations and concordances of Confucius-centred instances. The results mainly lie in two folds. First, before 1840s, Confucius had been highly Westernized and religionized through analogy with Western philosophers, literary works, religious prophets, religious maxims, etc., which constructed proximity and eliteness to help alleviate the foreignness brought by the Chinese concept of Confucius and reduce the British audiences’ sense of distance. Following the increasing and continuous identification of Confucius with the Chinese identity in reporting, these methods (Westernization and religionization) of reporting had comparatively abated, as a consequence of which the media tended to present more Chinese contexts to market more full-scaled information related with Confucius. Second, the concepts of Confucius had been frequently metonymized for the national identity of Chinese, which dominantly framed the ordinariness of the Chinese people before 1880s, and gradually transformed into the elite Chinese identities after 1880s. With historical statistics and diachronic lens, the results of this study provided valuable historical data for social studies in the British context and improved on the findings of the existing studies of Confucius in Britain.
Analytical thermal resistance network model for calculating each mean die temperature of the multi-chips module combined with quad flat no-leads packaging
Authors: Wang Yongchao , Liu Guiqian , Wang Honghai , Peng Chengfeng 
Published: August 2023

With the rapid advancement of next-generation communication technology, traditional Quad Flat No-leads (QFN) packaging is facing challenges to meet functional requirements. Due to its high integration and excellent thermal performance, the Multi-chips Module combined with Quad Flat No-leads (MCM-QFN) packaging is gaining popularity. However, the structural complexity of MCM-QFN packaging and the thermal coupling effect between multiple dies make it challenging to analyze the steady-state thermal distribution of MCM-QFN packaging, which is necessary for assessing the reliability and optimizing the layout design of the multi-chips module. By analyzing the heat dissipation path from each die to the ambient, this paper proposes an analytical thermal resistance network model for calculating each mean die temperature of MCM-QFN packaging. The thermal coupling effect among the multi-chips, the thermal spreading resistance between critical layers, and the boundary conditions and cooling conditions are all considered. All thermal resistances in the model are expressed analytically, and the mean temperature of each chip can be calculated within 0.1 s using MATLAB programming. To validate the accuracy of the proposed model, finite element method (FEM) simulations are conducted to provide a reference for the mean temperature of each chip under four sets of thermal conditions. The data comparison demonstrates that the analytical model is fast and accurate in calculating each mean die temperature of MCM-QFN packaging, with a maximum error of 3.72%, and the calculation speed increased by about 600× compared to that of FEM simulation. Furthermore, the analytical model is able to offer a direction for optimizing the layout design and material selection of MCM-QFN packaging.
Quantized vortex nucleation in collisions of superfluid nanoscopic helium droplets at zero temperature
Authors: García-Alfonso Ernesto , Ancilotto Francesco , Barranco Manuel , Pi Martí , Halberstadt Nadine 
Published: August 2023

We address the collision of two superfluid 4He droplets at non-zero initial relative velocities and impact parameters within the framework of liquid 4He time-dependent density functional theory at zero temperature. Despite the small size of these droplets (1000 He atoms in the merged droplet) imposed by computational limitations, we have found that quantized vortices may be readily nucleated for reasonable collision parameters. At variance with head-on collisions, where only vortex rings are produced, collisions with a non-zero impact parameter produce linear vortices that are nucleated at indentations appearing on the surface of the deformed merged droplet. Whereas for equal-size droplets, vortices are produced in pairs, an odd number of vortices can appear when the colliding droplet sizes are different. In all cases, vortices coexist with surface capillary waves. The possibility for collisions to be at the origin of vortex nucleation in experiments involving very large droplets is discussed. An additional surprising result is the observation of the drops coalescence even for grazing and distal collisions at relative velocities as high as 80 and 40 m/s, respectively, induced by the long-range van der Waals attraction between the droplets.
Bioactive Zn-0.6Cu thin sheet for craniofacial bone repair: In vitro and in vivo evaluations
Authors: Xiao Yong , Zhuang Dongzhou , Chen Fan , Li Tian , Wang Hao , Zhong Yuan , Luo Cheng , Chen Junchen , Yao Wenmin , Chen Weiqiang 
Published: August 2023

Millions of craniofacial surgeries are performed annually worldwide, and materials for craniofacial bone repair are widely needed. However, traditionally applied materials, such as titanium and polymethylmethacrylate, have some shortcomings (limited malleability, material-based toxicity, non-biodegradability, lack of bioactivity, etc.). Zinc based biodegradable metals possess superior mechanical properties, biodegradability, and bioactivity, which make them promising candidate materials. Here, we successfully fabricated Zn-0.6Cu thin sheets (thickness ≤0.5 mm, suitable for craniofacial surgery) through combined extrusion and rolling. The in vitro and in vivo performances were generally evaluated and compared to those of a commercially applied pure titanium mesh. The mechanical properties of Zn-0.6Cu sheets were superior to those of clinically used polymethyl methacrylate. They were easy to shape and would not fracture during deformation. The Zn-0.6Cu sheet exhibited a gentle degradation mode, and proper implant-derived Zn improved osteogenic differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells by up-regulating expression of osteogenesis related genes (alkaline phosphatase, bone morphogenetic protein-2). Thus, it further promoted extracellular matrix mineralization by improving calcium deposition for bone formation. It also improved the expression of angiogenesis-related genes (vascular endothelial growth factor, hypoxia-inducible factor alpha). The Zn-0.6Cu sheet exhibited high osteogenic activity in a cranial defect animal model compared to a non-biodegradable pure titanium mesh. Significant surface degradation occurred after two months in vivo, and degradation products were compatible with surrounding tissues. In general, the Zn-0.6Cu thin sheet seems to be a bioactive material selection for craniofacial bone repair, which might possibly accelerate defect repair and prevent adverse complications.
All-solid-state CW Pr3+:YLF green laser at 522 nm end-pumped by a high-power fiber-coupled 444 nm blue LD module
Authors: Li Fengqin , Chen Jin , Weng Yupeng 
Published: August 2023

Continuous wave (CW) green lasers have a lot of important applications in many fields, including holography, interferometry, atom cooling and trapping, and quantum optics, and they are usually achieved by frequency-doubling 1 µm lasers based on the Nd3+ gain media. In this paper, we present an all-solid-state CW green laser with an output wavelength of 522 nm, which was directly attained by employing a Pr3+:YLF crystal pumped with a high-power fiber-coupled blue laser diode (LD) module as the gain medium. Due to the negative thermal lens effect of the Pr3+:YLF crystal, the designed laser resonator had to be lengthened with the increase in the incident pump power. As a result, when a 0.5% doped Pr3+:YLF crystal was employed as the gain medium and the incident pump power was 12 W, the length of the resonator was optimized to 311.3 mm and the maximum output power of 522 nm green laser was up to 886 mW. The obtained conversion efficiency and beam quality M2 were 11.25% and 1.15, respectively. The long-term power stability within 4.5 h was better than ±1.5% at an output power of 700 mW. The obtained watt-level green laser can also be used to generate high power CW deep UV laser for laser processing of silicon and organic materials, inspection, etc.
Feeling poor or feeling poorer: comparing subjective measures of income in predicting health and well-being (Sentirse pobre o más pobre: comparación de medidas subjetivas del nivel de ingresos en la predicción de la salud y el bienestar)
Authors: Gilbert Karen M. , Weissman David , Gordils Jonathan , Elliot Andrew , Sommet Nicolas 
Published: August 2023

Separate areas of research have found that need-based and relative-based operationalizations of subjective income are important for health. Need- and relative-based measures are conceptually distinct, but differential implications for downstream outcomes have never been directly tested. In the present study, US residents ( N = 844) reported their subjective-need and subjective-relative income, as well as their health and well-being. Subjective-need and subjective-relative had distinct and sometimes opposing associations with mental and physical health. Individuals who reported that their income adequately met their needs reported higher life satisfaction, meaning in life and positive affect, and lower physical health symptoms, mental health symptoms and negative affect. Individuals who reported that their income was higher than others reported higher life satisfaction, meaning in life and positive affect, as well as higher physical health symptoms, mental health symptoms and negative affect. The present work provides a nuanced perspective on the operationalizations of subjective income and implications for psychological outcomes.
Remarks on the quasi-position representation in models of generalized uncertainty principle
Authors: Herkenhoff Gomes André 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This note aims to elucidate certain aspects of the quasi-position representation frequently used in the investigation of one-dimensional models based on the generalized uncertainty principle (GUP). We specifically focus on two key points: (i) contrary to recent claims, the quasi-position operator can possess physical significance even though it is non-Hermitian, and (ii) in the quasi-position representation, operators associated with the position, such as the potential energy, also behave as a derivative operator on the quasi-position coordinate, unless the method of computing expectation values is modified. The development of both points revolves around the observation that the position and quasi-position operators share the same set of eigenvalues and are connected through a non-unitary canonical transformation. This outcome may have implications for widely referenced constraints on GUP parameters.
Smoldering fire detection using low-power capacitive MEMS hydrogen sensor for future fire alarm
Authors: Hayashi Yumi , Akimoto Yosuke , Hiramatsu Naoki , Masunishi Kei , Saito Tomohiro , Yamazaki Hiroaki , Nakamura Naofumi , Kojima Akihiro 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In this study, we demonstrated detection of a smoldering fire using a low-power hydrogen sensor. To detect the low levels of hydrogen gas generated by smoldering fires, we used a capacitive MEMS hydrogen sensor with a microheater. The microheater accelerates the reduction of palladium oxide on the surface of the sensing film by hydrogen. Thus, more hydrogen is entrapped within the sensing film, and the sensitivity to ppm amounts of hydrogen is improved. The low thermal capacity and high thermal resistance of the structure enabled localized heating of the sensitive film at high speed (1 ms), thereby achieving sub-mW low power consumption by intermittent sensing. The fabricated hydrogen sensor was installed in a small wireless module and placed on a ceiling 3 m from a smoldering cotton fire. Our hydrogen sensor successfully detected 66 ppm hydrogen generated by the fire, and also detected the decrease in hydrogen by room exhaust.
The working mechanism of CsPbI3/Sb2S3 heterojunction perovskite solar cells
Authors: Gu Shiyao , Wang Ruiying , Yang Shi-e , Gu Jinhua , Wang Xiaoxia , Liu Ping , Chen Yongsheng 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Recently, significant breakthroughs in power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) have been obtained for 3D CsPbI3-based perovskite solar cells. In the present work, a novel heterojunction structure with 1D Sb2S3 as the hole transport layer was designed and investigated using solar cell capacitance simulator simulation software. The influence of thickness, band offset, conduction type, doping concentration, bulk and interface defect densities on the performances of the devices were analyzed. The PCE of the devices increases with the increase in the thicknesses of the CsPbI3 and Sb2S3 layers. The p-type conduction of the CsPbI3 under-layer has more advantages with regard to broadening of the doping density, and the higher acceptor density in the Sb2S3 over-layer contributes to the improvement of the performance of the device. In addition, the device performance is more sensitive to the defect density at the CsPbI3/Sb2S3 interface than that in the Sb2S3 over-layer. Finally, a PCE over 20% is obtained for the device with optimal parameters. These simulation results demonstrate the tremendous potential of a novel 3D/1D CsPbI3/Sb2S3 heterojunction design for high-performance and high-stability devices.