bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recent Advances in the Multifunctional Microneedles: From Design to Cancer Preventing, Diagnosis, and Treatment
Authors: Jiang Yechun , Feng Chengcheng , Wang Wanni , Qian Haisheng , Xu Lingling 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMicroneedles (MNs) have been widely applied in transdermal drug delivery owing to their minimal invasiveness, safety, stability, and ease of administration, which is a promising tool to transport large molecules such as DNA, proteins, and other drugs into the skin. In recent years, many researchers employ it to treat various diseases including cancer because MNs ensure the targeted release of the loaded drugs at a predetermined place and time. More importantly, MNs have been used for tumor prevention or accurate diagnosis at the early stages of the tumor by combining vaccines or sensor. In addition, they can greatly improve the antitumor effect when loaded with various therapeutic agents to achieve combination therapy. In this review, the latest progress of MNs used for application in cancer treatment is highlighted, especially in the design of multifunctional MNs for cancer prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Ultimately, the challenges encountered by MNs in the cancer field are analyzed, as well as prospects for future directions are discussed.
Precise and Rapid Replication of Complex‐Shaped Fused Silica Optics
Authors: Du Xiaotong , Xu Ya , Liu Hua , Li Zhoulong , Zhu Li‐Min , Zhu Zhiwei 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe high hardness, brittleness, and thermal resistance of fused silica glasses extremely challenge the mass production of complex‐shaped fused silica optics. This paper reports a new process chain for rapidly replicating complex‐shaped fused silica optics from complex molds at ambient temperature. The process chain mainly consists of the ultraprecision diamond turning of the complex‐shaped molds, the rapid shape replication through the silica precursor photopolymerization, and the transparent complex‐shaped optics derivation from the debinding and sintering. The directional shrinkages and surface texture evolutions in the process are comprehensively characterized for the replicated fused silica optics. After the shrinkage compensation, transparent fused silica optics with the spherical, microlens array, and hierarchical freeform surfaces are precisely replicated, exhibiting micrometric form accuracy, nanometric surface roughness, and high imaging quality. The proposed process chain provides a revolutionary approach for the mass production of precise complex‐shaped fused silica optics with fundamentally improved production efficiency and complex shape formation capability.
Advanced Metallized Nanofibers for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Sang Wei , Zhang Ruiping , Shi Xiangyang , Dai Yunlu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractNanofibers are long, wire‐like materials with nanoscale diameters and specific length diameter ratios. Nanofibers have porous reticular networks with remarkably high specific surface areas and significant interconnectivity between pores, allowing for the chemical modification and loading of drugs. Metallized nanofibers are novel materials that enhance the performance of attributes of conventional nanofibers by combining metals with nanofibers through electrostatic spinning doping, chemical modification, and loading approaches. Due to their unique physical and chemical properties, metallized nanofibers are diverse, rapidly developed materials in the fields of physical chemistry, materials science, and battery preparation. To date, with improvement in advanced preparation techniques and biocompatibility levels for materials, metallized nanofiber applications are gradually expanding into the biomedical field due to their excellent thermal and electrical conductivities and unique metal properties. In this review, the applications of metallized nanofibers in biomedicine are summarized. It is suggested to prepare metallized multifunctional nanofibers for tissue engineering, drug delivery, tumor treatment, wound healing, and biosensing applications by taking safety and stability as the main material selection guidelines. Finally, the development of nanofibers for biomedical applications is summarized and discussed.
Development of webcam‐collected and artificial‐intelligence‐derived social and cognitive performance measures for neurodevelopmental genetic syndromes
Authors: Frazier Thomas W. , Busch Robyn M. , Klaas Patricia , Lachlan Katherine , Jeste Shafali , Kolevzon Alexander , Loth Eva , Harris Jacqueline , Speer Leslie , Pepper Tom , Anthony Kristin , Graglia J. Michael , Delagrammatikas Christal G. , Bedrosian‐Sermone Sandra , Smith‐Hicks Constance , Huba Katie , Longyear Robert , Green‐Snyder LeeAnne , Shic Frederick , Sahin Mustafa , Eng Charis , Hardan Antonio Y. , Uljarević Mirko 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study focused on the development and initial psychometric evaluation of a set of online, webcam‐collected, and artificial intelligence‐derived patient performance measures for neurodevelopmental genetic syndromes (NDGS). Initial testing and qualitative input was used to develop four stimulus paradigms capturing social and cognitive processes, including social attention, receptive vocabulary, processing speed, and single‐word reading. The paradigms were administered to a sample of 375 participants, including 163 with NDGS, 56 with idiopathic neurodevelopmental disability (NDD), and 156 neurotypical controls. Twelve measures were created from the four stimulus paradigms. Valid completion rates varied from 87 to 100% across measures, with lower but adequate completion rates in participants with intellectual disability. Adequate to excellent internal consistency reliability (α = 0.67 to 0.95) was observed across measures. Test–retest reproducibility at 1‐month follow‐up and stability at 4‐month follow‐up was fair to good (r = 0.40–0.73) for 8 of the 12 measures. All gaze‐based measures showed evidence of convergent and discriminant validity with parent‐report measures of other cognitive and behavioral constructs. Comparisons across NDGS groups revealed distinct patterns of social and cognitive functioning, including people with PTEN mutations showing a less impaired overall pattern and people with SYNGAP1 mutations showing more attentional, processing speed, and social processing difficulties relative to people with NFIX mutations. Webcam‐collected performance measures appear to be a reliable and potentially useful method for objective characterization and monitoring of social and cognitive processes in NDGS and idiopathic NDD. Additional validation work, including more detailed convergent and discriminant validity analyses and examination of sensitivity to change, is needed to replicate and extend these observations.
Key Strategies for Enhancing H2 Production in Transition Metal Oxide Based Photocatalysts
Authors: Rahman Mohammad Z. , Raziq Fazal , Zhang Huabin , Gascon Jorge 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTransition metal oxides (TMOs) were one of the first photocatalysts used to produce hydrogen from water using solar energy. Despite the emergence of many other genres of photocatalysts over the years, TMO photocatalysts remain dominant due to their easy synthesis and unique physicochemical properties. Various strategies have been developed to enhance the photocatalytic activity of TMOs, but the solar‐to‐hydrogen (STH) conversion efficiency of TMO photocatalysts is still very low (<2 %), which is far below the targeted STH of 10 % for commercial viability. This article provides a comprehensive analysis of several widely used strategies, including oxygen defects control, doping, establishing interfacial junctions, and phase‐facet‐morphology engineering, that have been adopted to improve TMO photocatalysts. By critically evaluating these strategies and providing a roadmap for future research directions, this article serves as a valuable resource for researchers, students, and professionals seeking to develop efficient energy materials for green energy solutions.
Influence of gamma irradiation on acrylate‐based shape memory polymers in the presence of various crosslinkers
Authors: Lotfy Salah , Basfar Ahmed A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study investigates the impact of gamma irradiation on acrylate‐based shape memory polymers (SMPs) when combined with various crosslinkers. The SMPs were synthesized using butyl acrylate (nBuA) and isobornyl acrylate (IBoA) with different crosslinkers, including polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA), bisphenol A ethoxylated diacrylate (BPAEDA), and trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA). The photo‐initiation process utilized 2,2 dimethoxy‐2‐phenylacetophenone (DMPA), followed by gamma radiation crosslinking at absorbed doses ranging from 5 to 300 kGy. The degree of gelation depended on the copolymer composition and irradiation dose, with poly(IBoA‐nBuA)‐BPAEDA exhibiting the highest gelation degree (99%) and poly(IBoA‐nBuA)‐TMPTA showing the lowest (86%). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis confirmed the copolymer structure, while thermal stability was assessed using thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry. Dynamic mechanical analysis analysis of the copolymers revealed significant variations in mechanical properties based on the type of crosslinker, radiation dose, and copolymer composition. Furthermore, the shape memory behavior of the copolymers was examined, demonstrating temperature‐dependent storage and loss moduli for crosslinked poly(IBoA‐nBuA) copolymers at a radiation dose of 150 kGy. In summary, the findings highlight that gamma irradiation crosslinking and the choice of crosslinkers have a substantial impact on the properties of acrylate‐based SMPs.
Transcriptome analysis of immune‐related genes of Asian corn borer (Ostrinia furnacalis [Guenée]) after oral bacterial infection
Authors: Qiao Peitong , Mei Xianghan , Li Ruixiang , Xu Yuanyuan , Qiu Zhiyong , Xia Dingguo , Zhao Qiaoling , Shen Dongxu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe Asian corn borer (Ostrinia furnacalis) is an important agricultural pest causing serious damage to economic crops, such as corn and sorghum. The gut is the first line of defense against pathogens that enter through the mouth. Staphylococcus aureus was used to infect the O. furnacalis midgut to understand the midgut immune mechanism against exogenous pathogens to provide new ideas and methods for the prevention and control of O. furnacalis. A sequencing platform was used for genome assembly and gene expression. The unigene sequences were annotated and functionally classified by Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes. Significant differences were found in the induced expression profiles before and after infection. Some differentially expressed genes have important relations with lipid metabolism and immune mechanism, suggesting that they play an important role in the innate immune response of O. furnacalis. Furthermore, quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction assay was used to identify the key genes involved in the signaling pathway, and the expression patterns of these key genes were confirmed. The results could help study the innate immune system of lepidopteran insects and provide theoretical support for the control of related pests and the protection of beneficial insects.
Bioinspired Formation of Anti‐Ultraviolet Micro‐Goose Bump PDMAEMA/PS Coatings
Authors: Zhu Xu , Wang Zhen , Yang Yuyun , Ma Ning , Zhang Xinyue 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this paper, inspired by the human‐giving goosebumps process, we demonstrated a rapid, versatile, and simple method to prepare anti‐UV microstructures polymer blend films with good morphology based on phase separation. Through the results of characterizations, it is proved that the microstructures are formed by polymer phase separation. Then the formation possibility of microstructures is proved by thermodynamic analysis. Moreover, the phase‐field model is used to simulate the formation of microstructures by the finite element method, which can illustrate the evolution process of the microstructures. Besides, the microstructures were prepared on different substrates through the simple phase separation method, which can verify the versatility of this method. In addition, the anti‐UV performance of the micro‐structure films was evaluated. This work proposed a simple and versatile route to prepare microstructures coating in different substrates, which exhibit well anti‐UV performance, and this work has the application potential for preventing material aging caused by UV radiation.
Nonlinear features of gaze behavior during joint attention in children with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Wang Hongan , Zhao Xin , Yu Dongchuan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSince children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) might exhibit a variety of aberrant response to joint attention (RJA) behaviors, there is growing interest in identifying robust, reliable and valid eye‐tracking metrics for determining differences in RJA behaviors between typically developing (TD) children and those with ASD. Previous eye‐tracking studies have not been deeply investigated nonlinear features of gaze time‐series during RJA. As a main motivation, this study aimed to extract three nonlinear features (i.e., complexity, long‐range correlation, and local instability) of gaze time‐series during RJA in children with ASD, which can be measured by fractal dimension (FD), Hurst exponent (H), and largest Lyapunov exponent (LLE), respectively. To illustrate our idea, this study adopted a publicly accessible database, including eye‐tracking data collected during RJA from 19 children with ASD (7.74 ± 2.73) and 30 TD children (8.02 ± 2.89), and conducted a battery of nonparametric analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), where gender was used as covariable. Findings showed that gaze time‐series during RJA in autistic children may generally have greater FD but lower H than that in TD controls. This implies that children with ASD possess more complex and unpredictable gaze behaviors during RJA than TD children. Furthermore, nonlinear metrics outperformed traditional eye‐tracking metrics in obtaining higher identification performance with an accuracy of 82% and an AUC value of 0.81, distinguishing the differences between successful and failed RJA trails, and predicting the severity of ASD symptoms. Findings might bring some new insights into the understanding of the impairments in RJA behaviors for children with ASD.
Observational learning of atypical biological kinematics in autism
Authors: Foster Nathan C. , Bennett Simon J. , Pullar Kiri , Causer Joe , Becchio Cristina , Clowes Daniel P. , Hayes Spencer J. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObserving and voluntarily imitating the biological kinematics displayed by a model underpins the acquisition of new motor skills via sensorimotor processes linking perception with action. Differences in voluntary imitation in autism could be related to sensorimotor processing activity during action‐observation of biological motion, as well as how sensorimotor integration processing occurs across imitation attempts. Using an observational practice protocol, which minimized the active contribution of the peripheral sensorimotor system, we examined the contribution of sensorimotor processing during action‐observation. The data showed that autistic participants imitated both the temporal duration and atypical kinematic profile of the observed movement with a similar level of accuracy as neurotypical participants. These findings suggest the lower‐level perception‐action processes responsible for encoding biological kinematics during the action‐observation phase of imitation are operational in autism. As there was no task‐specific engagement of the peripheral sensorimotor system during observational practice, imitation difficulties in autism are most likely underpinned by sensorimotor integration issues related to the processing of efferent and (re)afferent sensorimotor information during trial‐to‐trial motor execution.
Development for a new 5‐lipoxygenase inhibitors of N‐((6‐(substituted‐amino)‐2‐methyl‐2H‐chromen‐2‐yl)methyl)‐N‐methyl benzenesulfonamide derivatives
Authors: Kim Young‐Chang , Abdildinova Aizhan , Shin Ye Jin , Han Dong Kyun , Hwang Jong Yeon , Cheon Hyae Gyeong , Gong Young‐Dae 
Published: August 2023

Abstract5‐Lipoxygenase (5‐LO) is one of the significant drug targets for the development of various anti‐inflammatory drugs. Herein, we designed, optimized, and synthesized a novel N‐((6‐(substituted‐amino)‐2‐methyl‐2H‐chromen‐2‐yl)methyl)‐N‐methylbenzenesulfonamide derivatives as potential 5‐LO inhibitors. Among the synthesized compounds, 10a, 10b, and 10g exhibited inhibitory activity toward 5‐LO according to the in vitro studies including enzyme activity assay (≥78% inhibition rate at 1 μM) and cell‐based assay (≥72% inhibition rate at 1 μM). 10b was selected for further in vivo efficiency using an ear edema mouse model, which was induced by arachidonic acid. Oral administration of 10b successfully suppressed ear edema and myeloperoxidase activity (MPO activity). Molecular docking studies showed alkyl and pi‐alkyl interactions of compound 10b with Ile126 and Val110 of 5‐LO as well as a hydrogen bonding with Arg138 as key protein‐ligand interactions.
Improved control effect of pathological oscillations by using delayed feedback stimulation in neural mass model with pedunculopontine nucleus
Authors: Liu Yingpeng , Zhu Rui , Zhou Ye , Lü Jiali , Chai Yuan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe role of delayed feedback stimulation in the discussion of Parkinson's disease (PD) has recently received increasing attention. Stimulation of pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) is an emerging treatment for PD. However, the effect of PPN in regulating PD is ignored, and the delayed feedback stimulation algorithm is facing some problems in parameter selection.MethodsOn the basis of a neural mass model, we established a new network for PPN. Four types of delayed feedback stimulation schemes were designed, such as stimulating subthalamic nucleus (STN) with the local field potentials (LFPs) of STN nucleus, globus pallidus (GPe) with the LFPs of Gpe nucleus, PPN with the LFPs of Gpe nucleus, and STN with the LFPs of PPN nucleus.ResultsIn this study, we found that all four kinds of delayed feedback schemes are effective, suggesting that the algorithm is simple and more effective in experiments. More specifically, the other three control schemes improved the control performance and reduced the stimulation energy expenditure compared with traditional stimulating STN itself only.ConclusionPPN stimulation can affect the new network and help to suppress pathological oscillations for each neuron. We hope that our results can gain an insight into the future clinical treatment.
Cerebral amyloid deposition predicts long‐term cognitive decline in hemorrhagic small vessel disease
Authors: Tsai Ya‐Chin , Tsai Hsin‐Hsi , Liu Chia‐Ju , Lin Sheng‐Sian , Chen Ya‐Fang , Jeng Jiann‐Shing , Tsai Li‐Kai , Yen Ruoh‐Fang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundTo investigate the association between cerebral amyloid deposition and long‐term cognitive outcomes in patients with hemorrhagic small vessel disease (SVD) and survivors of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).MethodsPatients experiencing an ICH without overt dementia were prospectively recruited (n = 68) for brain MRI and Pittsburgh compound B (PiB) positron emission tomography scans at baseline. Cognitive function was assessed using the mini‐mental status examination (MMSE) and clinical dementia rating after an overall median follow‐up of 3.8 years. A positive amyloid scan was defined as a global PiB standardized uptake value ratio >1.2. Associations between follow‐up cognitive outcomes and neuroimaging markers were explored using multivariable Cox regression models.ResultsPiB(+) patients were older (72.1 ± 7.8 vs. 59.9 ± 11.7, p = .002) and more frequently had cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) (63.6% vs. 15.8%, p = .002) than PiB(−) patients. PiB(+) was associated with a higher risk of dementia conversion (32.9 vs. 4.0 per 100‐person‐years, hazard ratio [HR] = 15.7 [3.0–80.7], p = .001) and MMSE score decline (58.8 vs. 9.9 per 100‐person‐years, HR = 6.2 [1.9–20.0], p = .002). In the non‐CAA subgroup (n = 52), PiB(+) remained an independent predictor of dementia conversion, p = .04). In the Cox models, PiB(+) was an independent predictor of dementia conversion (HR = 15.8 [2.6–95.4], p = .003) and MMSE score decline (HR = 5.7 [1.6–20.3], p = .008) after adjusting for confounders.ConclusionsCerebral amyloid deposition potentially contributes to long‐term cognitive decline in SVD‐related ICH.
Factors correlated with excessive daytime sleepiness in patients with Parkinson's disease: A polysomnography study
Authors: Shen Yuan , Shi Haicun , Zhong JianGuo , Pan PingLei , Wang ShuFang , Chen MingZhu , Chen ZhiPeng , Liu ChunFeng 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo explore the factors correlated with excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD).MethodsA total of 239 PD patients were divided into two groups based on the presence of EDS (Epworth Sleepiness Scale score≥10) (PD‐EDS vs. PD‐non‐EDS). Participants underwent an extensive assessment to determine demographic features, disease severity, polysomnography characteristics, and nonmotor symptoms.ResultsOf the 239 patients, 56 patients (23.4%) were classified as having PD combined with EDS. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that fatigue (Fatigue Severity Scale [FSS] score ≥4) (odds ratio [OR] [95% CI] = 4.897 [2.376–10.095], p < .001) and the respiratory‐related microarousal index (OR [95% CI] = 2.063 [1.085–3.923], p = .027) were independent risk factors for EDS in PD patients. A priori‐determined stratified analysis showed that after adjustment for confounding factors, the association of the respiratory‐related microarousal index with EDS was significant (OR = 4.404, 95% CI 1.673–11.592, p trend = .036) in patients with respiratory arousal index scores in the highest quintile compared with those with scores in the lowest quintile.ConclusionOur data revealed a close association among the respiratory‐related microarousal index, FSS scores, and EDS. It can be speculated that fragmented sleep and pathological abnormalities of the central nervous system resulting in changes in arousal are major influencing factors of EDS in PD.
Larynx myofibroblastic tumor, a rare case report
Authors: Bazan Inostroza Borja , Prada Pendolero Jorge , Eisenberg Plaza Gustavo , Adrados Magdalena , Raboso García‐Baquero Eduardo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMyofibroblastic tumors are extremely rare in the larynx, with just over 40 published cases. Despite being a benign tumor, it presents with a marked inflammatory character, local destruction, and the possibility of degeneration to malignant histological types with metastatic capacity. Anatomopathological differential diagnosis is fundamental in these cases.
Disseminated tuberculosis in an immunocompetent woman from the Himalayan region of Nepal: A case report
Authors: Subedi Ram Chandra , Acharya Subi , Adhikari Ayush , Banmala Sabin , Shiwakoti Tibbin Kumar , Karki Pearlbiga , Gurung Shekhar , Bhatta Bhuwan , Kharbuja Naresh , Paudel Raju 
Published: August 2023

Key Clinical MessageDisseminated tuberculosis (TB) resulting from lymphohematogenous dissemination of Mycobacterium tuberculosis during primary infection or reactivation of latent disease is rare among young immunocompetent patients. Central nervous system TB (CNS TB) is one of the most challenging clinical diagnoses with high fatality. Here, we describe a young immunocompetent female with no known comorbidities initially presented with military pulmonary TB and later developed CNS TB. This presentation of disseminated TB in immunocompetent patient warrant early diagnosis and treatment.