bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENERAPAN MODEL TALKING STICK PADA MATERI JENIS-JENIS PEKERJAAN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA KELAS IV MIN 7 PIDIE
Authors: Nufiar  
Published: January 2023

The research was about how was Talking Stick Model applied in the topic: Types of Job and whether talking stick model could improve students’ learning achievement at fourth grade students of MIN 7 Pidie. The research aimed to find out how Talking Stick Model applied in the topic: Types of Job to the fourth grade students of MIN 7 Pidie and to know if Talking stick could increase students’ achievements. The type of the research conducted was Classroom Action Research . the subjects were the fourth grade students year 2019/2020 which totally 24 students. The technique of collecting data employed observation, interview , documentation and test. The findings showed; the students got average and classical achievements respectively: in cycle I 59.37 and 33.33%; and cycle II 88,08 and 100%. So, Talking Stick Model can improve students’ learning achievements in type of Job topic.
Schulabbruch in der Oberstufe – aufhalten, aber wie?
Authors: Holz Stephan 
Published: January 2023

Auf der Basis einer Längsschnitt-Studie an acht Oberstufen (drei Gesamtschulen, vier Berufskollegs und das Oberstufenkolleg) in den Jahren 2013-15 mit knapp 500 quantitativ befragten Schüler:innen und einer qualitativ interviewten Untergruppe von 31 Personen stellt sich heraus, an welchen Symptomen man als beratende Lehrperson früh erkennen kann, ob jemand auf dem Weg in eine ernsthafte Krise ist und durch welche Schritte man gemeinsam mit der Schüler:in die Krise entschärfen oder abwenden kann.
Die Ergebnisse der quantitativen Längsschnittuntersuchung zeigen, dass folgende Risikofaktoren eine Rolle spielen: Absentismus, Schulmüdigkeit, Lehrer-Schüler-Verhältnis, Selbstwirksamkeit, Einschätzung des Unterrichtstempos, schulisches Wohlbefinden und Noten der Kernfächer im jeweils letzten Halbjahreszeugnis. Für ein hohes Abbruchsrisiko sprechen folgende Faktoren: geringe Leistungsbereitschaft und Belastbarkeit sowie die Unfähigkeit (auf Lehrenden- und Lernenden-Seite!), rechtzeitig Krisendialog-unterstützende Beziehungen aufzunehmen und zu pflegen. Die 31 Schüler:innen, die in der qualitativen Längsschnittuntersuchung befragt worden sind, sagen recht deutlich, welche Art von Unterstützung ihnen geholfen hätte und welche Art von schulischer Reaktion ihre Krise verschärft hat. Diese Untergruppe wird in (methodisch abgesichert erhobene) verschiedene Typen eingeteilt; für jeden dieser Typen wird ein jeweils passender Beratungsrahmen empfohlen.
In beiden Längsschnittuntersuchungen zeigt sich ein deutlicher Unterschied zwischen der Gruppe derjenigen, die zu beiden Zeitpunkten (2013 und 2015) interviewt wurden, zu denen, die nur am ersten Interview teilgenommen hatten, darunter in der qualitativen Untersuchung zusätzlich auch diejenigen, die die Schule vorzeitig verlassen hatten. Hierdurch gewinnt die Typisierung an Kontur. Die Ergebnisse erscheinen auch für außerschulische Jugendarbeit von Interesse, da es in den Interviews in hohem Maße um Rahmenbedingungen in Familie und peer group geht.
Mathematical Modelling on Impact of Interventions in the Spread of Covid-19 in Kenya
Authors: Mwangi Lucas M. , Mutuku Winifred N. 
Published: January 2023

The history of coronavirus can be traced to the 1960s when B184 and 229E coronaviruses were discovered in the nasal washing of individuals with the common cold. There was no worry about such viruses until 2003 when the first major outbreak of SARS was discovered in southern China. The recent outbreak was in 2019 when a major outbreak of COVID-19 strain started in China. The World Health Organisation proclaimed COVID-19 as a pandemic in March 2020. Ever since this pandemic, several attempts to intervene in the spread has been tried, yet the pandemic is not dying. This persistence in the pandemic might be due to the presence of asymptomatic individuals. This unending pandemic has hit the Kenya economy badly. In this study, we mathematically investigate the effect of governmental and non-governmental intervention on the spread of COVID-19 in Kenya. To capture the effect of intervention effectively, the model considers the presence of asymptomatically infected individuals in the Kenya. The basic reproduction number is obtained using the next-generation matrix and the local stability of the equilibrium points are established. The effects of intervention on the spread of COVID-19 are simulated and illustrated as graphs. The results indicate that intervention in form awareness and public sensitisation reduces the Exposed class, Infected Classes and COVID-19-related death.
An Association between CT Score and the Severity of COVID-19
Authors: Mulkalwar Sarita , Pahuja Garvit , Elavia Zenia Aadil , Palal Deepu 
Published: January 2023

Introduction: COVID-19 has changed the world fabric. While many still haven’t recovered from the grief of losing their loved ones; the virus continues to mutate leaving the world to deal with a social and economic pandemic. In this study we aim at determining an association between CT SCORE and the severity of COVID-19 thereby understanding the prognosis/severity of disease in patients.
Method: A prevalidated google questionnaire was used to obtain data. The study population consisted of people who tested real time RT-PCR COVID-19 positive.
Results: A statistically significant correlation was seen between CT score and outcome of disease.
Conclusion: Routine CT scan of suspected COVID-19 cases gives early diagnosis; it could also guide in hastening the treatment received by the patient and improve overall prognosis be used as a guide for the management of the patients and hence improve overall prognosis.
Lies and bullshit: The negative effects of misinformation grow stronger over time
Authors: Petrocelli John V. , Seta Catherine E. , Seta John J. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn a world where exposure to untrustworthy communicators is common, trust has become more important than ever for effective marketing. Nevertheless, we know very little about the long‐term consequences of exposure to untrustworthy sources, such bullshitters. This research examines how untrustworthy sources—liars and bullshitters—influence consumer attitudes toward a product. Frankfurt's (1986) insidious bullshit hypothesis (i.e., bullshitting is evaluated less negatively than lying but bullshit can be more harmful than are lies) is examined within a traditional sleeper effect—a persuasive influence that increases, rather than decays over time. We obtained a sleeper effect after participants learned that the source of the message was either a liar or a bullshitter. However, compared to the liar source condition, the same message from a bullshitter resulted in more extreme immediate and delayed attitudes that were in line with an otherwise discounted persuasive message (i.e., an advertisement). Interestingly, attitudes returned to control condition levels when a bullshitter was the source of the message, suggesting that knowing an initially discounted message may be potentially accurate/inaccurate (as is true with bullshit, but not lies) does not result in the long‐term discounting of that message. We discuss implications for marketing and other contexts of persuasion.
Development and Validation of a Simulation Model for Treatment to Maintain Remission in Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody–Associated Vasculitis
Authors: Wallace Zachary S. , Stone John H. , Fu Xiaoqing , Merkel Peter A. , Miloslavsky Eli M. , Zhang Yuqing , Choi Hyon K. , Hyle Emily P. 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveFixed and tailored rituximab retreatment strategies to maintain remission in antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)–associated vasculitis (AAV) are associated with tradeoffs. The current study was undertaken to develop a simulation model (AAV‐Sim) to project clinical outcomes with these strategies.MethodsWe developed the AAV‐Sim, a microsimulation model of clinical events among individuals with AAV initiating treatment to maintain remission. Individuals transition between health states of remission or relapse and are at risk for severe infection, end‐stage renal disease, or death. We estimated transition rates from published literature, stratified by individual‐level characteristics. We performed validation using the mean average percent error (MAPE) and the coefficient of variation of root mean square error (CV‐RMSE). In internal validation, we compared model‐projected outcomes over 28 months with outcomes observed in the Rituximab versus Azathioprine in ANCA‐Associated Vasculitis 2 (MAINRITSAN2) trial, which compared fixed versus tailored retreatment. In external validation, we compared outcomes with fixed rituximab retreatment from the AAV‐Sim to outcomes from the MAINRITSAN1 trial and an observational study.ResultsThe AAV‐Sim projected outcomes similar to those in the MAINRITSAN2 trial, including minor (AAV‐Sim 6.0% fixed versus 7.3% tailored; MAINRITSAN2 6.2% versus 8.6%; MAPE 3% and 15%) and major relapse (AAV‐Sim 3.5% versus 5.5%; MAINRITSAN2 3.7% versus 7.4%; MAPE 5% and 26%), severe infection (AAV‐Sim 19.4% versus 11.1%; MAINRITSAN2 19.8% versus 10.2%; MAPE 2% and 9%), and relapse‐free survival (AAV‐Sim 84.8% versus 82.3%; MAINRITSAN2 86% versus 84%; CV‐RMSE 2.3% and 2.5%). Similar performance was observed in external validation.ConclusionThe AAV‐Sim projected a range of clinical outcomes for different treatment approaches that were validated against published data. The AAV‐Sim has the potential to inform management guidelines and research priorities.
Advanced Zinc–Iodine Batteries with Ultrahigh Capacity and Superior Rate Performance Based on Reduced Graphene Oxide and Water‐in‐Salt Electrolyte
Authors: Ji Yu , Xie Junpeng , Shen Zhaoxi , Liu Yu , Wen Zhaorui , Luo Lei , Hong Guo 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAqueous rechargeable zinc–iodine batteries have received increasing attention in the field of portable electronics due to their high safety, low‐cost, and great electrochemical performance. However, the insulated nature of iodine and the unrestricted shuttle effect of soluble triiodide seriously limit the lifespan and Coulombic efficiency (CE) of the batteries. Herein, a high‐performance zinc–iodine energy storage system based on the hydrothermal reduced graphene oxide (rGO) and a high concentration zinc chloride water‐in‐salt electrolyte are promoted. The 3D microporous structures and outstanding electrical conductivity of rGO make it an excellent host for iodine, while the water‐in‐salt electrolyte effectively suppresses the shuttle effect of triiodide and improves the CE of the system. As a result, an ultra‐high I2 mass loading of 25.33 mg cm−2 (loading ratio of 71.69 wt.%) is realized during the continuous charging/discharging process. The batteries deliver a high capacity of 6.5 mAh cm−2 at 2 mA cm−2 with a much‐improved CE of 95% and a prominent rate performance with capacity of 1 mAh cm−2 at 80 mA cm−2. A stable long‐term cycling performance is also achieved with capacity retention of 2 mAh cm−2 after 2000 cycles at 50 mA cm−2.
Glassy/Ceramic Li2TiO3/LixByOz Analogous “Solid Electrolyte Interphase” to Boost 4.5 V LiCoO2 in Sulfide‐Based All‐Solid‐State Batteries
Authors: Feng Li , Yin Zu‐Wei , Wang Chuan‐Wei , Li Zeheng , Zhang Shao‐Jian , Zhang Peng‐Fang , Deng Ya‐Ping , Pan Feng , Zhang Bingkai , Lin Zhan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSulfide‐based all‐solid‐state lithium‐ion batteries (ASSLIBs) are the widely recognized approach toward high safety owing to excellent ionic conductivity and nonflammable nature of solid‐state electrolytes (SSEs). However, narrow potential window of SSEs brings about serious interfacial parasitic reactions, resulting in fast degradation of the battery. Herein, a glassy/ceramic analogous solid electrolyte interface (SEI) is constructed on LiCoO2 (LCO) to enhance interfacial stability between LCO and the Li10GeP2S12 (LGPS) SSEs. In which, ceramic Li2TiO3 guarantees good mechanical toughness of analogous SEI, while glassy LixByOz reinforces the coverage to avoid parasitic reactions. Analogous SEI endows ASSLIBs with excellent cycling and rate performance under an upper charge voltage of 4.3 V with 82.3% capacity retention after 300 cycles at 0.2 C. When pushing charge voltage to 4.5 V, analogous SEI also enables desirable performance with an initial capacity of 172.7 mAh g−1 and long lifespan of 200 cycles at 0.2 C. Both experiments and theoretical computation reveal excellent stability between analogous SEI and LGPS, which endows ASSLIBs with small polarization and improved performance. This work provides an insight on glassy/ceramic analogous SEI strategy to boost the interfacial stability of ASSLIBs.
Laser Annealing‐Induced Phase Transformation Behaviors of High Entropy Metal Alloy, Oxide, and Nitride Nanoparticle Combinations
Authors: Li Yun , Tay Yee Yan , Buenconsejo Pio J. S. , Manalastas William , Tu Wei Han , Lim Hong Kit , Salim Teddy , Thompson Michael O. , Madhavi Srinivasan , Tay Chor Yong , Tan Kwan W. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractHigh entropy materials made up of dissimilar elements have enormous potentials in various fields and applications such as catalysis, energy generation and bioengineering. Developments of facile rapid synthesis routes toward functional multicomponent nanoparticles (NPs) of metals and ceramics with control of single/mixed crystalline structure configurations as well as understanding their transformative behaviors to enable unexpected properties, however, has remained challenging. Here a transient laser heating strategy to generate high entropy metal alloy, oxide, and nitride nanoparticles (HE‐A/O/N NPs) is described. Laser irradiation of the identical metal salt mixture under different millisecond heating times provides direct control of cooling rates and thereby results in HEA NPs with tunable single‐ and multiphasic solid solution characteristics, atomic compositions, nanoparticle morphologies, and physicochemical properties. Extending the elemental selection to nitride‐forming precursors enables laser‐induced carbothermal reduction and nitridation of high entropy tetragonal rutile oxide nanoparticlesNPs to the cubic rock salt nitride phase. The combination of laser heating with spatially resolved X‐ray diffraction facilitates combinatorial studies of phase transitions and reaction pathways of multicomponent nanoparticles. These findings provide a general strategy to design nonequilibrium multicomponent metal alloys and ceramic materials amalgamations for fundamental studies and practical applications such as carbon nanotube growth, water splitting, and antimicrobial applications.
A Dual−Functional Cationic Covalent Organic Frameworks Modified Separator for High Energy Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Yao Shiyan , Yang Yan , Liang Ziwei , Chen Jiahe , Ding Jieying , Li Fangkun , Liu Junhao , Xi Lei , Zhu Min , Liu Jun 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSeparator modification is an efficient strategy to handle with the challenges of lithium metal batteries but its success is primarily subject to the modification of the materials. Herein, a cationic covalent organic framework (COF) composed of positively charged organic units and weakly bonded fluoride ions (F−) is introduced to modify the commercial polypropylene separator (COF−F@PP). It is found that the organic unit has abundant nanopores to homogenize the lithium ions (Li+) flux and can interact with electrolyte solvent molecules to form a desolvation structure of Li+. Meanwhile, the F− within the nanopores is proved to assist in building a robust LiF−riched solid electrolyte interphase to avoid the side reactions between lithium anode and electrolyte. Hence, the COF−F@PP delivers feasible practicality for the outstanding cycling stability, high Coulombic efficiency, and superior rate capability of Li//LFP coin cell at 5 C, low N/P ratio (2.19) full cell, and pouch cell at 1 C.
A Diagnostic and Therapeutic Hydrogel to Promote Vascularization via Blood Sugar Reduction for Wound Healing
Authors: Han Xiaoyu , Chen Shuyu , Cai Zhengwei , Zhu Ying , Yi Weiwei , Guan Mengtong , Liao Bo , Zhang Ying , Shen Jieliang , Cui Wenguo , Bai Dingqun 
Published: January 2023

AbstractChronic hyperglycemic damage is a major problem that undermines diabetic wound healing. By combining treatment and diagnosis together, blood glucose concentration can be monitored real‐time through medical imaging devices and precise interventions can be carried out at the right time to promote diabetic wound repair. In this study, an injectable self‐healing hyaluronic acid hydrogel is constructed using Schiff base reaction, and nanoenzymes (GOx‐MnO2) synthesized by condensation reaction, along with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)‐nanobubbles produced by double emulsification method, are loaded into the hydrogel, thus constructing an innovative diagnostic and therapeutic hydrogel system (US@GOx@VEGF hydrogel, UGV hydrogel). While monitoring glucose concentration in real‐time, the system delivers VEGF through ultrasound in a precise and noninvasive way to deplete glucose. The UGV hydrogel integrates both processes of diagnosis and treatment, effectively releases VEGF through blasts triggered by ultrasound. Apart from this, this new trauma patch is capable of monitoring Mn2+ values ranging from 0.5 m to 7.8 × 10−3 m and glucose levels from 100 × 10−3 to 3 × 10−3 m, through magnetic resonance imaging. In summary, the hydrogel realizes real‐time monitoring of glucose level, maintains glucose homeostasis through noninvasive intervention, and rapidly promotes the repair of diabetic skin defects, opening up a new path for chronic wound management.
Ultra‐Fast Wetting of the Fresh Popcorn
Authors: Jiang Tianheng , Li Xiaoxun , Li Tenglong , Lin Gungun , Liu Huan , Jin Dayong , Jiang Lei 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWithout chewing, the fresh popcorn dissolves immediately upon being put in the mouth. Such good taste decay dramatically with increasing the exposure time in air, especially in humid air. However, the involving mechanism of the saliva wetting the popcorn remains unclear. Here, it is revealed that the ultra‐fast wetting property of the fresh popcorn is the key for its good taste. For the fresh popcorn, the unique 3D throughout micro‐porous structure facilitates capillary flows both in‐plane and off‐plane at micro‐/nano‐ scale, and the water‐soluble crystalized starch further prompts the water spreading, which cooperatively leads to an immediate structural collapse. The unique ultra‐fast wetting of the fresh popcorn is therefore featured as the wetting with dissolving. After cooling down, the crystalized starch changes gradually into an insoluble amorphous state by absorbing water molecule, as is confirmed by the in situ XRD and infrared spectroscopy. As a result, the ultra‐fast wetting decays drastically with prolonging the in‐air exposure time, as well as the taste, which makes immediate cooking vital for the good taste. It is demonstrated that heating can partially restore the ultra‐fast wetting. It is envisioned that the result will inspire the innovative micro‐fabrication of various starch food by engineering the starch crystalline structure.
Stabilizing the Interphase in Cobalt‐Free, Ultrahigh‐Nickel Cathodes for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Yi Michael , Dolocan Andrei , Manthiram Arumugam 
Published: January 2023

AbstractHigh‐nickel layered oxide cathodes, such as LiNi1‐x‐yMnxCoyO2 (NMC) and LiNi1‐x‐yCoxAlyO2 (NCA), are at the forefront for implementation in high‐energy‐density lithium‐ion batteries. The presence of cobalt in both cathode chemistries, however, largely deters their application due to fiscal and humanitarian issues affiliated with cobalt sourcing. Increasing the Ni content drives down the Co content, but introduces additional structural and electrochemical problems attributed to high‐Ni cathodes. Herein a dually modified cobalt‐free ultrahigh‐nickel cathode 0.02B‐LiNi0.99Mg0.01O2 (NBM) is presented with 1 mol% Mg and 2 mol% B that exhibits a high initial 1C discharge capacity of 210 mA h g−1 with a 20% capacity retention improvement over 500 cycles when benchmarked against LiNiO2 (LNO) in pouch full cell configurations with graphite anode. Postmortem analyses reveal the enhanced performance stems from reduced active lithium inventory loss and localized surface reactivity in the NBM cathode. The stabilized cathode‐electrolyte interphase subsequently reduces transition‐metal dissolution and ensuing chemical crossover to the graphite anode, which prevents further catalyzed parasitic reactions that harmfully passivate the anode surface. Altogether, this study aims to highlight the importance of electrode characterization and analysis from an interphasial viewpoint and to push the ongoing research to stabilize cobalt‐free ultrahigh‐Ni cathodes for industrial feasibility.
Hofmeister Effect Assisted Dual‐Dynamic‐Bond Cross‐Linked Organohydrogels with Enhanced Ionic Conductivity and Balanced Mechanical Properties for Flexible Sensors
Authors: Guo Ruyue , Bao Yan , Zheng Xi , Zhang Wenbo , Liu Chao , Chen Jie , Xu Jiachen , Wang Luxuan , Ma Jianzhong 
Published: January 2023

AbstractFor soft electronic applications, the simultaneous incorporation of conductivity and mechanical robustness remains a grand constraint, not to mention being able to operate at wide temperatures ranges. Herein, a novel conductive platform is proposed by designing skin‐inspired ionic organohydrogels based on Hofmeister effect and glycerol/water system, which simultaneously realize balanced conductivity, mechanical strength, and versatile properties. The comprehensive performances are broadly and simultaneously altered via tuning the aggregation states of polymer chains by kosmotropes or chaotropes. With various ions, the conductivity and mechanical strength are continuously in situ modulated over a large window: conductivity from 0.08 to 4.8 S m−1, strength from 0.01 to 17.30 MPa, toughness from 5.4 to 9236.9 kJ m−3, and modulus from 5.1 to 2258.9 kPa. The ion transport process is inseparable from the changes of water content and pore structures caused by cross‐linking density. Meanwhile, the mechanical properties greatly depend on the densification or loosing of polymer chains and crystalline domains. Furthermore, oil/water system exhibits low temperature tolerance at ≈−65–15 °C and long‐term stability. Finally, the champion organohydrogels are applied as wearable electronic sensors and artificial skins. The mechanism proposed in this work advances the understanding of the ions contribution to organohydrogels for electronic applications.
Stabilizing High‐Nickel Cathodes with High‐Voltage Electrolytes
Authors: Su Laisuo , Jarvis Karalee , Charalambous Harry , Dolocan Andrei , Manthiram Arumugam 
Published: January 2023

AbstractElectrolytes connect the two electrodes in a lithium battery by providing Li+ transport channels between them. Advanced electrolytes are being explored with high‐nickel cathodes and the lithium‐metal anode to meet the high energy density and cycle life goals, but the origin of the performance differences with different electrolytes is not fully understood. Here, the mechanisms involved in protecting the high‐capacity, cobalt‐free cathode LiNiO2 with a model high‐voltage electrolyte (HVE) are delineated. The kinetic barrier posed by a thick surface degradation layer with poor Li+‐ion transport is found to be the major contributor to the fast capacity fade of LiNiO2 with the conventional carbonate electrolyte. In contrast, HVE reduces the side reactions between the electrolyte and the electrodes, leading to a thinner nano‐interphase layer comprised of more beneficial species. Crucially, the HVE leads to a different surface reorganization pathway involving the formation of a thinner nanoscale LiNi2O4 spinel phase on the LiNiO2 surface. With a high 3D Li+‐ion and electronic conductivity, the spinel LiNi2O4 reorganization nanolayer preserves fast Li+ transport across the cathode–electrolyte interface, reduces reaction heterogeneity in the electrode and alleviates intergranular cracking within secondary particles, resulting in superior long‐term cycle life.