bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimized Surgical Strategies for Acute Thrombophlebitis of Varicose Veins in the Lower Extremities
Authors: Olaiya Victor Olamiposi , Agyekum Vincentia Kuukua , Ejeheri Fidelis , Matola Johnson 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate and compare the efficacy of two-stage and single-stage surgical strategies in the management of acute thrombophlebitis of varicose veins in the lower extremities, focusing on postoperative complications, recovery time, and overall patient outcomes.
Materials & Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 102 patients diagnosed with acute thrombophlebitis of varicose veins between 2020 and 2024 at the Izhevsk Republic Clinical Hospital. Patients were classified according to F. Verrel’s classification (1998) into four groups based on the extent of thrombosis. Conservative therapy, single-stage radical phlebectomy, and two-stage surgical treatment (crossectomy followed by radical phlebectomy) were used based on the type of thrombosis and patient condition.
Results: Of the patients, 17 received conservative therapy, 48 underwent two-stage surgery, and 37 underwent single-stage surgery. The two-stage approach significantly reduced complications such as wound infections (6.3% vs. 13.9%) and nerve damage (5.1% vs. 16.2%) compared to the single-stage approach. Additionally, patients undergoing the two-stage procedure showed improved quality of life and faster recovery times.
Conclusion: The two-stage surgical strategy offers superior clinical outcomes over single-stage interventions, significantly reducing postoperative complications and enhancing recovery. It is recommended as the optimal treatment approach for acute thrombophlebitis of varicose veins, particularly in more severe cases.
Secondary Species Investigation of Low Energy Electrospray Plume Impacts
Authors: Geiger Carl , Hofheins Giuliana , Petro Elaine 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

This work examines the emission of secondary charged species from a gold-plated target electrode when exposed to an ion-mode electrospray plume of EMI-BF4 from a single externally wetted tungsten emitter. A decelerating electrode is used with the electrospray source to probe ion energies from 30-1800 eV in the positive and negative mode. Next, the ion plume was fully suppressed using the decelerating electrode, allowing only neutral constituents of the plume to travel to the target and the emission of secondary charged species is observed. Time of flight mass spectrometry is used to confirm ion mode emission and proper deceleration of electrospray plume and was also used to detect the creation of secondary charged species created by decelerating the plume.
Multidentate ether-induced reconfiguration of solvation structure in non-flammable phosphate electrolytes for wide-temperature application in lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Xie Jia , Yang Xiankun , Zeng Ziqi , Liu Mengchuang , Wang Shuping , Li Changhao , Qin Mingsheng 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Conventional carbonate electrolytes fail to meet the requirements for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) with wide temperature range and high safety. Diethyl ethylphosphonate (DEEP) has excellent flame retardancy and a wide temperature range (-83 to 198°C), which holds promise for developing a non-flammable electrolyte for wide-temperature application in LIBs. However, its limited compatibility with graphite electrodes and slow ionic transport capability must be addressed for effective application. Herein, we introduce diethylene glycol dimethyl ether (DEGDME) to reconfigure the solvation structure of DEEP-based electrolyte and further enhance its ion transport capacity. The film-forming additives enable the electrolyte to preserve 98% capacity retention after 150 cycles for Li||Graphite cells The non-flammable DEEP-based electrolytes modified with DEGDME enable improved low-temperature performance with achieving 71% 50th-cycle retention of Graphite||LiFePO4 cells at -20°C. This work introduces a new strategy for designing non-flammable phosphate electrolytes, enabling the reliable and safe application of LIBs across a wide temperature range.
Resilience of children in Child Headed Households (CHHs) in rural Zimbabwe in the face of the COVID 19 pandemic: A case study of ward 14, Rowa of Mutare District
Authors: Chikoko Witness , Nyabeze Kudzai , Mwapaura Kudzai , Chinotimba Mutsa 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

This is a qualitative study that examines the resilience of children in CHHs in rural Zimbabwe during the COVID-19 pandemic, utilizing the case study of ward 14, Rowa, in the Mutare district. Evidence suggests that children in CHHs became resilient in the face of the COVID 19 pandemic through various factors. Some of the factors included individual traits such as positive attitudes and self-determination. In addition, some of the social resilience-related factors included engaging in menial jobs, vending, begging, and support from neighbours and church members, among others. The article concludes by advocating and lobbying key stakeholders, such as the Government of Zimbabwe, for more support in social protection for children in CHH households in rural Zimbabwe in the face of emergencies such as the COVID-19 pandemic.
Structural insights of Quercetin and its derivatives against multi-drug resistant Proteus mirabilis: In silico approach
Authors: Jaiswal Charu , Chakraborty Medha , Choudhary Priti , Lokhande Kiran 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Aims
This study aims to explore natural compounds as potential inhibitors against multidrug-resistant Proteus mirabilis hemolysin, a key virulence factor contributing to catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs). The emergence of multidrug-resistant bacterial strains poses a significant threat to global public health, with Proteus mirabilis being a notable contributor to hospital-acquired infections such as CAUTIs. Hemolysin, a toxin produced by P. mirabilis, plays a crucial role in its pathogenesis, making it an attractive target for antimicrobial therapy. The objective of this study is to investigate the binding affinity and stability of natural compounds, particularly derivatives of quercetin, with P. mirabilis hemolysin through molecular docking and dynamics simulations. Crystal structure retrieval of hemolysin from P. mirabilis was conducted, and the protein was prepared for molecular docking studies. Molecular docking analysis was performed to evaluate the binding affinity of natural compounds with hemolysin. Molecular dynamics simulations were then employed to assess the stability and dynamics of protein-ligand complexes. Molecular docking analysis revealed several lead compounds, including derivatives of quercetin, exhibiting strong binding affinity with P. mirabilis hemolysin. Molecular dynamics simulations demonstrated stable interactions between the lead compounds and hemolysin, with certain compounds showing reduced structural deviations and increased stability within the binding cavity. Natural compounds, particularly derivatives of quercetin, show promising antimicrobial activity against multidrug-resistant Proteus mirabilis hemolysin. These findings highlight the potential of natural compounds as effective inhibitors for combating multidrug-resistant bacterial infections, offering new avenues for therapeutic development in the fight against antibiotic resistance. Further research and clinical trials are warranted to validate the efficacy and safety of these compounds for clinical use.
A nomogram for predicting the risk of tracheostomy following surgical procedures treatment of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.
Authors: Zhang Dongyuan , Peng Liangsheng , Wang Bohong , Liu Jiahao , Zhang Xi , Liu Ziyuan , Zhang Ying , Wang Xiaolong , Han Li , Ding XinMin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objective: Effective and timely airway management is particularly crucial for recovery in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage following surgical procedures treatment. This study aimed to develop a stable nomogram model to predict the likelihood of postoperative tracheostomy in these patients.
Methods: The clinical data and imaging findings of 249 patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) by microsurgical clipping or endovascular treatment on admission from January 2021 to October 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), logistic regression analyses, and a nomogram were used to develop the prognostic models. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and Hosmer–Lemeshow tests were used to assess discrimination and calibration. The bootstrap method (1,000 repetitions) was used for internal validation. Decision curve analysis (DCA) was conducted to evaluate the clinical validity of the nomogram.
Results: The following four independent influencing factors were selected by LASSO-Logistic regression: the GCS score, preoperative pulmonary infection, operation method, and mechanical ventilation. The area under curve (AUC) was 0.928 in the training set and 0.878 in the internal validation set. Calibration curves and Hosmer–Lemeshow tests indicated that the nomogram demonstrated strong calibration ability. Additionally, the DCA curve revealed enhanced clinical utility of the nomogram.
Conclusion: This study introduces a reliable and valuable nomogram model that is both applicable and user-friendly, facilitating accurate predictions of tracheostomy risk following surgical interventions for aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. This model aids clinicians in making timely and informed decisions, thereby significantly enhancing patient outcomes.
Temporal muscle measurements as predictor for outcome in a cohort of IDH-wildtype glioblastoma patients
Authors: Pinson Harry , De Rudder Cara , De Backer Louis , Sinay Amber Van , Boterberg Tom , Hallaert Giorgio 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose.
Temporal muscle thickness has been suggested as an independent prognostic marker for glioblastoma patient outcome. Various cohort studies show however conflicting results. This study therefore aims to reevaluate the prognostic value of different types of temporal muscle measurements in glioblastoma patients.
Methods.
A retrospective cohort study was performed including 137 patients diagnosed with IDH-wildtype glioblastoma. Temporal muscle thickness (TMT) and volume (TMV) were measured on preoperative MR-imaging. Next, these measurements were thereafter used in a multivariate Cox survival analysis to identify their possible prognostic value. These results were compared to the literature after systematic review of the Medline database.
Results.
TMT has a moderate to strong linear correlation with total muscle volume (Pearson r = 0,6; P < 0,001). Glioblastoma patients “at risk for sarcopenia” show similar outcome compared to controls (median overall survival time: 13 months vs 11 months; P = 0,775). In a covariate Cox regression model, none of the temporal muscle measurements (TMT, TMV or sex-specific cut-off points) showed prognostic value for outcome in glioblastoma patients.
Conclusion.
Temporal muscle measurements show no independent relation to clinical outcome in IDH-wildtype glioblastoma patients. There seems adequate linear correlation of temporal muscle thickness and overall muscle volume. The literature on temporal muscle measurements was found to be severely flawed and should be interpreted with caution.
Time-varying Mechanism of Flow Characteristics of Oil-water Medium in Pipeline Supported By the Cable-stayed Bridge
Authors: Weng Guangyuan , Zhao Kejie , Wang Le , Han Zhaoyang 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

To explore the time-varying mechanism of how oil viscosity and water content influence the flow characteristics in crossing pipelines, a three-dimensional finite element model was developed using advanced large-scale finite element simulation software with an integrated fluid dynamics module. The simulation results were analyzed under varying viscosity and water content conditions, focusing on the fluid velocity, pressure distribution, and secondary flow behavior within the pipeline. The findings reveal that as the oil viscosity and water content decrease, the initial flow rate and pressure at each monitoring node increase. Moreover, the fluid velocity experiences two distinct changes as the oil-water medium passes through the pipeline, with the average velocity decreasing as viscosity and water content increase. Additionally, the total pressure fluctuation duration within the pipeline increases with higher viscosity and water content. These results provide valuable theoretical insights for studying the dynamic characteristics and fluid-structure interaction vibrations in crude oil transportation pipelines.
The influence of information platform based personalized self- management prescription on type 2 diabetes in China: A real-world cohort study
Authors: Amuti Reziwanguli , Kadier Areziguli , Jiang Mengting , Maihemuti Abudureheman , Yang Bingquan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background and aim:
Diabetes self-management education programs have been shown to improve patients' health outcomes, and Internet technology have provided more ways for diabetes management. However, it is difficult for patients to grasp all the information during a short period of consultation time. In this study, we implemented a fully integrated regional diabetes management model that information platform-based personalized prescription, and evaluated its feasibility and effectiveness among patients with type 2 diabetes( T2DM).
Design:
This was a 12-month long, multi-centered, prospective, and open-labeled cohort study. In this study, 1452 eligible participants with T2DM were enrolled and randomized to an intervention (n = 726) or a control (n = 726) group from April 2022 to April 2023. All patients underwent integrated management through an information platform. The intervention group was provided individualized self-management prescriptions, while the control group received routine care.
Findings:
1342 patients completed valid observations, 655 in the intervention group and 688 in the control group. The intervention group showed significant HbA1c and fasting plasma glucose(FPG) reduction (1.92% (mmol/mol) and 3.23mmol/L) at the first follow-up time, and 57% HbA1c (373) and 68%FPG (474) patients reached treatment target rate (HbA1c ≤ 7% (mmol/mol), FPG ≤ 7mmol/L), compared with the control group (HbA1c = 1.31% (mmol/mol),26% (179) and FPG = 2.31mmol/L,39% (265)). Meantime, the intervention group showed significant improvements in the frequency of SMBG, the incidence of hypoglycemia, BMI, UACR, and blood lipids after the intervention compared with a control group and baseline (all p < 0.05), except the TC (p = 0.53 baseline vs. after intervention). The co-primary outcomes were achieved by 119 people (18%) in the intervention group, and this was significantly higher than the control group (38 (6%), P < 0.001). Moreover, the achieved co-primary outcomes rate is higher among middle-aged (19%) and female (19%) patients in the intervention group.
Conclusions
The platform-based diabetes self-management prescriptions provided feasible and effective in the management of T2DM, also can promote the remission rate of diabetes. But need to justifying their integration into clinical practice, with cholesterol management needs to be improved.
Discovery of novel blood-brain barrier neuropathology in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder midbrain
Authors: Zhu Yunting , Victoriano Gerardo Mendez , Webster Maree J , Middleton Frank A. , Massa Paul T. , Fuller Christine , Weickert Cynthia Shannon 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines and increased macrophage densities have been found in a subgroup (~30-40%) of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder brains. However, the extent to which neuroinflammation influences the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in these serious mental illnesses has not been determined. Here, we measured multiple types of molecules related to BBB function in the ventral midbrain including 1) chemokines and macrophage markers; 2) endothelial cell-associated markers (adhesion molecules, tight junction proteins, and basement membrane proteins); in people with schizophrenia (n=35), or bipolar disorder (n=35) compared to controls (n=33). All cases were defined as “high” or “low” inflammatory status. Both mRNA and protein levels of macrophage chemokine (CCL2) and scavenger receptor (CD163) were significantly elevated in the neuroinflammatory schizophrenia (high) compared to all the low inflammatory subgroups. We found elevated mRNA levels of adhesion molecules (ICAM1 and PECAM1) in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder high inflammatory subgroups, however, PECAM1 protein was only elevated in schizophrenia. Surprisingly, ICAM protein was decreased in the bipolar disorder high inflammatory subgroup. The bipolar disorder group also had lower collagen IV (ColIV) protein levels. Levels of the mRNA encoding the tight junction protein claudin-5 (CLDN5) was elevated in both schizophrenia and bipolar disorder high inflammatory subgroups, while occludin (OCLN) mRNA levels were decreased in schizophrenia, especially in the high inflammatory subgroup. Through immunohistochemistry for CLDN5 revealed increased fragmented blood vessels with bursts of CLDN5+ processes surrounding and appearing to emanate from endothelial cells in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder high inflammation. Collectively, the high inflammatory subgroups of individuals with schizophrenia or bipolar disorder display more signs of macrophage chemoattraction which appeared linked to changes in the BBB, including alterations in adhesion molecules and tight junction proteins. However, schizophrenia and bipolar disorder have distinct molecular signatures of BBB pathology in the midbrain.
Effectiveness of Fluoroquinolone De-escalation in Community-Acquired Pneumonia: Impact on Hospital Stay and Mortality
Authors: Awad Aseel Abu , Hammour Khawla Abu , Abuawad Alaa , Zawiah Mohammed , Abu-Farha Rana K. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of fluoroquinolone de-escalation in adult patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), examining its impact on hospital length of stay (LOS), mortality, and association with microbial culture results.
Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on adult patients diagnosed with CAP at a tertiary hospital in Jordan. The study analyzed fluoroquinolone de-escalation outcomes, including hospital LOS and mortality, as well as the relationship between microbial culture results and de-escalation success.
Results: The study sample consisted of 125 patients, with a median age of 73 years (IQR = 24). Of these, 64.8% (n=81) were male, and 35.2% (n=44) were female. Fluoroquinolone therapy was predominantly levofloxacin (99.2%, n=124). Fluoroquinolone de-escalation was successfully achieved in 33.6% (n=42) of patients. Positive culture results significantly increased de-escalation success, as 61.5% (n=16) of patients with positive cultures successfully de-escalating compared to 26.0% (n=25) of those with negative cultures (p = 0.002). Among patients with negative cultures (n=96), 43.8% (n=42) underwent inappropriate de-escalation, and 30.2% (n=29) had failed de-escalation. Patients in the successfully de-escalated group had a significantly shorter median hospital stay of 12 days (IQR = 8) compared to 18 days (IQR = 11) in the failed/inappropriate group (p = 0.004). There was no significant difference in mortality between the two groups, with 70.1% (n=29) surviving in the successfully de-escalated group versus 76.5% (n=62) in the other group (p = 0.514).
Conclusion: Fluoroquinolone de-escalation in CAP patients is linked to shorter hospital stays without affecting mortality. Positive culture results significantly increase de-escalation success, supporting the need for improved de-escalation protocols.
A structural design approach toward metallic glass with simultaneous tunable thermal expansion and high structural stiffness
Authors: Zhang Yunhao , Zhou Ye , Xu Conghao , Zhang Jiacheng , Sha Zhendong 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Although metallic glasses (MGs) possess relatively low thermal expansion coefficient (TEC)compared to their crystalline counterparts due to the existence of free volume, their TEC values are still too large to meet the demands of practical application. Here, we report that a bi-material structure (BMS) consisting of curved traditional materials (e.g., Al alloy) with MGs can be used to obtain tunable TEC, while maintaining high structural stiffness. The curved Al alloy has a pulling effect on the MGs when the curvature changes, limiting the thermal expansion of MGs. Through the theoretical model and finite element method analysis, it is further found that both TEC and stiffness can be significantly altered through changing the degree of curvature, the contact surface, and the thickness ratio of MG over Al alloy. The present study not only offers a solution to the TEC reduction of MGs, but also suggests that BMS can be used to design advanced structural materials that possess adjustable TEC and high stiffness.
Factors Associated with Gonioscopy Before Glaucoma Procedures in the IRIS® Registry
Authors: Vu Daniel M. , Gilbert Joshua B. , Goldberg Eric A. , Rothman Adam L. , Lin Michael M. , Chang Ta C. , Tassel Sarah H. Van , Patel Nimesh A. , Zebardast Nazlee , Ross Connor J. , Elze Tobias , Lorch Alice C. , Miller Joan W. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose: To analyze nationwide pre-operative gonioscopy utilization patterns for various glaucoma surgeries and laser surgeries over time using the IRIS® Registry (Intelligent Research in Sight).
Design: Retrospective cohort study.
Participants: All adults who underwent a glaucoma surgery or laser surgery between January 1, 2014 and April 14, 2023.
Methods: The first glaucoma procedure from the first eye of each patient was recorded as the index event and time was measured between the most recent pre-operative gonioscopy date to the index event. Baseline demographics, pre-operative clinical characteristics, glaucoma diagnosis, procedure type, and type of subspecialist performing the procedure were collected.
Main Outcome Measures: Primary outcomes were the percentage of patients who had gonioscopy before a glaucoma procedure (1) at any prior visit and (2) within 1 year prior to the procedure. Secondary outcomes were the baseline factors that were associated with higher gonioscopy utilization at any prior visit using multivariable logistic regression.
Results: The study included 1.1 million patients (mean age 69.5±12.0 years). A majority had an in-office laser surgery (71.9%), while 16.2% had microinvasive glaucoma surgeries (MIGS), 6.5% had a trabeculectomy or tube (traditional), and 4.6% had other glaucoma surgeries. Pre-operative gonioscopy was identified in 64.7% of patients, and 85.0% of those were within 1 year of the index event.
In multivariable models, Asian (OR 1.16, 95%CI 1.13–1.18, P<0.001) and Black (OR 1.13, 95%CI 1.12–1.15, P<0.001) racial and ethnic groups were associated with higher odds of gonioscopy compared to White groups. When compared to traditional surgery, MIGS were associated with lower utilization (OR 0.69, 95%CI 0.68–0.71, P<0.001), but in-clinic laser surgeries were not (P=0.231). Glaucoma subspecialists were more likely to perform pre-operative gonioscopy compared to non-glaucoma subspecialists (OR 2.65, 95%CI 2.62–2.69, P<0.001).
Conclusions: Pre-operative gonioscopy use and/or coding is lower than expected, given current guidelines. Among glaucoma procedures, ab interno MIGS were associated with lower pre-operative gonioscopy utilization.