bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic Relevance of Primary Tumor Sidedness in Early-Stage Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Ouchi Akira , Sadachi Ryo , Hamaguchi Tetsuya , Tsukamoto Shunsuke , Shimada Yasuhiro , Inomata Masafumi , Takii Yasumasa , Komori Koji , Shiomi Akio , Shiozawa Manabu , Ohue Masayuki , Watanabe Jun , Ito Masaaki , Kawashima Yoshiyuki , Kobatake Takaya , Souda Hiroaki , Saida Yoshihisa , Hashimoto Tadayoshi , Sano Yusuke , Kanemitsu Yukihide ,   on behalf of the JCOG Colorectal Cancer Study Group
Published: August 2023

Objective:
To determine the genuine prognostic relevance of primary tumor sidedness (PTS) in patients with early-stage colorectal cancer (CRC).

Summary Background Data:
The prognostic relevance of PTS in early-stage CRC remains a topic of debate. Several large epidemiological studies investigated survival only and did not consider the risk of recurrence so far.

Methods:
Patients with stage II/III adenocarcinoma of the colon and upper rectum from four randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were analyzed. Survival outcomes were compared according to the tumor location: right-sided (cecum to transverse colon) or left-sided (descending colon to upper rectum).

Results:
A total of 4,113 patients were divided into a right-sided group (N=1,349) and a left-sided group (N=2,764). Relapse-free survival after primary surgery was not associated with PTS in all patients and each stage (HRadjusted 1.024 [95% CI 0.886–1.183] in all patients; 1.327 [0.852–2.067] in stage II; and 0.990 [0.850–1.154] in stage III). Also, overall survival after primary surgery was not associated with PTS in all patients and each stage (HRadjusted 0.879 [95% CI 0.726–1.064] in all patients; 1.517 [0.738–3.115] in stage II; and 0.840 [0.689–1.024] in stage III). In total, 795 patients (right-sided, N=257; left-sided, N=538) developed recurrence after primary surgery. PTS was significantly associated with overall survival after recurrence (HRadjusted 0.773 [95% CI 0.627–0.954]).

Conclusions:
PTS had no impact on the risk of recurrence for stage II/III CRC. Treatment stratification based on PTS is unnecessary for early-stage CRC.
Personalized chronic adaptive deep brain stimulation outperforms conventional stimulation in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Oehrn Carina R , Cernera Stephanie , Hammer Lauren H , Shcherbakova Maria , Yao Jiaang , Hahn Amelia , Wang Sarah , Ostrem Jill L , Little Simon , Starr Philip A 
Published: August 2023

1.AbstractDeep brain stimulation is a widely used therapy for Parkinson’s disease (PD) but currently lacks dynamic responsiveness to changing clinical and neural states. Feedback control has the potential to improve therapeutic effectiveness, but optimal control strategy and additional benefits of “adaptive” neurostimulation are unclear. We implemented adaptive subthalamic nucleus stimulation, controlled by subthalamic or cortical signals, in three PD patients (five hemispheres) during normal daily life. We identified neurophysiological biomarkers of residual motor fluctuations using data-driven analyses of field potentials over a wide frequency range and varying stimulation amplitudes. Narrowband gamma oscillations (65-70 Hz) at either site emerged as the best control signal for sensing during stimulation. A blinded, randomized trial demonstrated improved motor symptoms and quality of life compared to clinically optimized standard stimulation. Our approach highlights the promise of personalized adaptive neurostimulation based on data-driven selection of control signals and may be applied to other neurological disorders.
Use of Drama for Improving Breastfeeding Initiation, Exclusive Breastfeeding and Breastfeeding Self-efficacy among Rural Pregnant Women from Selected Communities in Two Local Government Areas (LGAs) in Ibadan, Nigeria
Authors: Yetunde Ogundairo Omotola , Thomas Adepoju Oladejo , Adesola Olumide Olufunmilola 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackground:Breastfeeding self-efficacy (BFSE) is a key variable that enhances exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) and promotes positive health outcomes for infants and their mothers. To increase BFSE and EBF of mothers, numerous interventions targeting prenatal and postnatal periods have been developed. However, there is paucity of studies utilizing drama interventions for improving BFSE and EBF.Objectives:This study assessed the effect of drama usage on breastfeeding self-efficacy, initiation, and exclusive breastfeeding of pregnant women in rural communities in Lagelu and Egbeda Local Government Areas (LGAs).Methodology:A quasi-experimental designed was carried out with pregnant women in their second trimester. Selected communities from Lagelu and Egbeda LGAs were randomized into experimental and control groups. A total of 200 pregnant women (100 experimental and 100 control groups) were enlisted as well as followed-up at one, three, and six months after giving birth. Six-session program comprising four episodes of drama and two sessions on hygiene practices were presented to experimental groups in the communities prior to delivery, while the control group received only hygiene talk. An electronic questionnaire (ODK) was used to obtain information on socio-demographic, BFSE, initiation, and exclusive breastfeeding during prenatal and postnatal periods. BSFE score was categorized as low (14–32), average (33–51), and high (52–70). Descriptive and inferential statistics was used to analyzed data α0.05.Results:The experimental and control mean ages were 28.40 ±6.50 and 27.00±6.20 respectively. Average and high BSE pre-intervention (11.0%; 89.0% and 9.0%; 91.0%) and six months post-intervention (97.3%;100% and 95.2%; 95%) for intervention and control. Age, marital status and occupation were predictors of BFSE (R2= 22.3; p<0.001)Conclusion:Experimental women had an increase in BFSE, initiation, and EBF practice compared to control women.
Severe obesity may be an oligogenic condition: evidence from 1,714 adults seeking treatment in the UK National Health Service
Authors: Sumaya Almansoori , Amin Hasnat A , Alsters Suzanne I. , Handley Dale , Yiorkas Andrianos M , Hashim Nikman Adli Nor , Ramzi Nurul Hanis , Agrawal Sanjay , Bonaomi Gianluca , Ahmed Javed , Small Peter , Purkayastha Sanjay , van Haelst Mieke , Walters Robin G. , le Roux Carel W , Chahal Harvinder S. , Drenos Fotios , Blakemore Alexandra I 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACTSevere (class III) obesity is a chronic, relapsing condition, with a high burden of co-morbidity and mortality. Previous evidence has established genetics as an important contributing factor. We therefore designed a custom genotyping array to screen a cohort of UK patients seeking treatment for severe obesity. 1,714 participants were genotyped using a custom AXIOM array, focusing on rare (minor allele frequency <0.01) variants, with CADD-PHRED ≥15 in 78 genes known/suspected to cause Mendelian forms of obesity. Concordance analyses of 22 duplicate samples and 66 samples with whole exome sequence data revealed good genotyping reliability. We identified the proportion of study participants who carried, or were homozygous for, rare, predicted-deleterious variants in genes with dominant and recessive modes of inheritance (MOI), respectively. 27% of patients carried relevant mutations consistent with the expected MOI, which was very similar to the rate observed in the UKB 50K whole exome sequencing dataset. However, the clinical obesity cohort were more likely to carry two or more such variants, in separate genes, than UK Biobank participants (p = 0.018). In conclusion, our results provide evidence: that (i) custom genotyping arrays, used with improved algorithms can allow reliable, cost-effective screening for rare genetic variants; (ii) rare mutations in “obesity genes” may be at high prevalence among bariatric patients, as well as in the general population; and (iii) that severe obesity may have an oligogenic pattern of inheritance in some cases.
Wastewater Based Epidemiology as a surveillance tool during the current COVID-19 pandemic on a college campus (East Carolina University) and its accuracy in predicting SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks in dormitories
Authors: White Avian , Iverson Guy , Wright LaNika , Fallon John T. , Briley Kimberly P. , Yin Changhong , Huang Weihua , Humphrey Charles 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe COVID-19 outbreak led governmental officials to close many businesses and schools, including colleges and universities. Thus, the ability to resume normal campus operation required adoption of safety measures to monitor and respond to COVID-19. The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of wastewater-based epidemiology as a surveillance method in monitoring COVID-19 on a college campus. The use of wastewater monitoring as part of a surveillance program to control COVID-19 outbreaks at East Carolina University was evaluated. During the Spring and Fall 2021 semesters, wastewater samples (N= 830) were collected every Monday, Wednesday, and Friday from the sewer pipes exiting the dormitories on campus. Samples were analyzed for SARS-CoV-2 and viral quantification was determined using qRT-PCR. During the Spring 2021 semester, there was a significant difference in SARS-CoV-2 virus copies in wastewater when comparing dorms with the highest number student cases of COVID-19 and those with the lowest number of student cases, (p= 0.002). Additionally, during the Fall 2021 semester it was observed that when weekly virus concentrations exceeded 20 copies per ml, there were new confirmed COVID-19 cases 85% of the time during the following week. Increases in wastewater viral concentration spurred COVID-19 swab testing for students residing in dormitories, aiding university officials in effectively applying COVID testing policies. This study showed wastewater-based epidemiology can be a cost-effective surveillance tool to guide other surveilling methods (e.g., contact tracing, nasal/salvia testing, etc.) to identify and isolate afflicted individuals to reduce the spread of pathogens and potential outbreaks within a community.
Influenza hospitalization burden by subtype, age, comorbidity and vaccination status: 2012/13 to 2018/19 seasons, Quebec, Canada
Authors: Carazo Sara , Guay Charles-Antoine , Skowronski Danuta M , Amini Rachid , Charest Hugues , De Serres Gaston , Gilca Rodica 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe primary objective of influenza immunization programs is to reduce the risk and burden of severe outcomes. To inform optimal program strategies, we monitored influenza hospitalizations over several seasons of varying subtype predominance, stratified by age, comorbidity and vaccination status.MethodsWe assembled data from an active hospital-based surveillance network involving systematic swabbing and PCR-confirmation of influenza virus infection by type/subtype during peak-weeks of seven influenza seasons (2012/13 to 2018/19) in Quebec, Canada. We estimated seasonal, population-based incidence of influenza-associated hospitalizations (interpreted as risk) by subtype, age, comorbidity and vaccine status, and derived the number-needed-to-vaccinate to prevent one hospitalization per stratum.ResultsThe average seasonal incidence of influenza-associated hospitalization was 89/100,000 (95%CI: 86, 93), lower during A(H1N1) (49-82/100,000) than A(H3N2) seasons (73-143/100,000). Overall risk followed a J-shaped age pattern, highest among infants 0-5 months and adults ≥75 years. Hospitalization risks were highest for children <5 years during A(H1N1) but for adults ≥75 years during A(H3N2) subtype- predominant seasons. Age-adjusted hospitalization risks were 7-fold higher among individuals with versus without comorbidities (214 versus 30/100,000). The number-needed-to-vaccinate to prevent hospitalization was 82-fold lower for ≥75-years-olds with comorbidity (n=1,995), who comprised 39% of all hospitalizations, than for healthy 18-64-year-olds (n=163,488), who comprised just 6% of all hospitalizations.ConclusionsIn the context of broad-based influenza immunization programs (targeted or universal), severe outcome risks should be simultaneously examined by subtype, age, comorbidity, and vaccine status. Policymakers require such detail to prioritize further promotional efforts and expenditures toward the greatest and most efficient program impact.40-word summaryThis hospital-based study involving systematic PCR testing over seven seasons revealed important differences in influenza hospitalization risk by subtype, age, comorbidity, and vaccination status. The findings highlight the need for data-driven decision-making to optimize vaccination strategies and minimize healthcare burden.
Cortical Thickness Patterns of Cognitive Impairment Phenotypes in Drug-Resistant Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
Authors: Miron Gadi , Müller Paul Manuel , Hohmann Louisa , Oltmanns Frank , Holtkamp Martin , Meisel Christian , Chien Claudia 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundIn temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), a taxonomy classifying patients into three cognitive phenotypes has been adopted: minimally, focally, or generally cognitively impaired (CI). We examined grey matter (GM) thickness patterns of cognitive phenotypes in drug-resistant TLE and assessed potential use for predicting post-surgical cognitive outcomes.MethodsTLE patients undergoing presurgical evaluation were categorized into cognitive phenotypes. Network edge weights and distances were calculated using ANOVA-III F-statistics from comparisons of GM regions between each TLE cognitive phenotype and age- and sex-matched healthy participants. In resected patients, logistic regression models (LRMs) based on network analysis results were used for prediction of post-surgical cognitive outcome.ResultsA total of 124 patients (63 females, mean age±SD=36.0±12.0 years) and 117 healthy controls (63 females, mean age±SD=36.1±12.0 years) were analyzed. In the generalized CI group (n=66, 53.2%), 28 GM regions were significantly thinner compared to HCs. Focally impaired patients (n=37, 29.8%) showed 13 regions, while minimally impaired patients (n=21, 16.9%) had 2 significantly thinner GM regions. Regions affected in both generalized and focally impaired patients included the anterior cingulate cortex, medial prefrontal cortex, medial temporal, and lateral temporal regions. In 69 (35 females, mean age±SD=33.6±18.0) patients that underwent surgery, LRMs based on network-identified GM regions predicted post-surgical verbal memory worsening with a receiver operating curve-area under the curve of 0.70±0.15.ConclusionsA differential pattern of GM thickness can be found across different cognitive phenotypes in TLE. Including MRI with clinical measures associated with cognitive profiles has potential in predicting post-surgical cognitive outcomes in drug-resistant TLE.
Transcriptomic Response of Postprandial Blood, Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue and Muscle to a combined lifestyle intervention in older adults
Authors: Bogaards F.A. , Gehrmann T. , Beekman M. , Lakenberg N. , Suchiman E. , de Groot C.P.G.M. , Reinders M.J.T. , Slagboom P.E. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMolecular effects of lifestyle interventions are typically studied in a single tissue. Here, we investigated the sex-specific effects of the Growing Old TOgether (GOTO) study, a moderate 13-week combined lifestyle intervention on the transcriptomes of postprandial blood, subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and muscle tissue in healthy older adults, the overlap in effect between tissues and their relation to whole-body parameters of metabolic health. The GOTO intervention had virtually no effect on the postprandial blood transcriptome, while the SAT and muscle transcriptomes responded significantly. In SAT, pathways involved in HDL remodeling, O2/CO2exchange and signaling were overrepresented, while in muscle, collagen and extracellular matrix pathways were significantly overexpressed. Additionally, we found that the effects of the SAT transcriptome closest associated with gains in metabolic health. Lastly, in males, we identified a shared variation between the transcriptomes of the three tissues. We conclude that the GOTO intervention had a significant effect on metabolic and muscle fibre pathways in the SAT and muscle transcriptome, respectively. Aligning the response in the three tissues revealed a blood transcriptome component which may act as an integrated health marker for metabolic intervention effects across tissues.
Updating estimates ofPlasmodium knowlesimalaria risk in response to changing land use patterns across Southeast Asia
Authors: Tobin Ruarai J , Harrison Lucinda E , Tully Meg K , Lubis Inke N D , Noviyanti Rintis , Anstey Nicholas M , Rajahram Giri S , Grigg Matthew J , Flegg Jennifer A , Price David J , Shearer Freya M 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundPlasmodium knowlesiis a zoonotic parasite that causes malaria in humans. The pathogen has a natural host reservoir in certain macaque species and is transmitted to humans via mosquitoes of theAnophelesLeucosphyrus Group. The risk of humanP. knowlesiinfection varies across Southeast Asia and is dependent upon environmental factors. Understanding this geographic variation in risk is important both for enabling appropriate diagnosis and treatment of the disease and for improving the planning and evaluation of malaria elimination. However, the data available onP. knowlesioccurrence are biased towards regions with greater surveillance and sampling effort. Predicting the spatial variation in risk ofP. knowlesimalaria requires methods that can both incorporate environmental risk factors and account for spatial bias in detection.Methods & ResultsWe extend and apply an environmental niche modelling framework as implemented by a previous mapping study ofP. knowlesitransmission risk which included data up to 2015. We reviewed the literature from October 2015 through to March 2020 and identified 264 new records ofP. knowlesi, with a total of 524 occurrences included in the current study following consolidation with the 2015 study. The modelling framework used in the 2015 study was extended, with changes including the addition of new covariates to capture the effect of deforestation and urbanisation onP. knowlesitransmission.DiscussionOur map ofP. knowlesirelative transmission suitability estimates that the risk posed by the pathogen is highest in Malaysia and Indonesia, with localised areas of high risk also predicted in the Greater Mekong Subregion, The Philippines and Northeast India. These results highlight areas of priority forP. knowlesisurveillance and prospective sampling to address the challenge the disease poses to malaria elimination planning.Author SummaryPlasmodium knowlesiis a parasite that can cause malaria when it infects humans. Although most people do not experience severe illness fromPlasmodium knowlesiinfection, a small number will develop serious or even fatal disease. The parasite is found naturally in some monkeys throughout Southeast Asia, and spreads from these monkeys to humans through mosquitoes. Previous research predicted where the risk of being infected is highest according to what we know about the environment across Southeast Asia, such as if there are forests in an area or if the altitude is high. In this work, we extend this previous research with more up-to-date data on environmental conditions and infections to predict the risk of being infected withPlasmodium knowlesi. We show that the riskPlasmodium knowlesiposes to humans is high across much of Southeast Asia, and that the disease will continue to challenge national goals to eliminate malaria.
Features and Networks of the Mandible on Computed Tomography
Authors: Pham Tuan D. , Holmes Simon B. , Patel Mangala , Coulthard Paul 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe mandible or lower jaw is the largest and hardest bone in the human facial skeleton. Fractures of the mandible are reported to be a common facial trauma in emergency medicine and gaining insights into mandibular morphology in different facial types can be helpful for trauma treatment. Furthermore, features of the mandible play an important role in forensics and anthropology for identifying gender and individuals. Thus, discovering hidden information of the mandible can benefit interdisciplinary research. Here, for the first time, a method of artificial intelligence-based nonlinear dynamics and network analysis are utilized for discovering dissimilar and similar radiographic features of mandibles between male and female subjects. Using a public dataset of ten computed tomography scans of mandibles, the results suggest a difference in the distribution of spatial autocorrelation between genders, uniqueness in network topologies among individuals, and shared values in recurrence quantification.
The analysis of heart rate variability and accelerometer mobility data in the assessment of symptom severity in psychotic disorder patients using a wearable Polar H10 sensor
Authors: Książek Kamil , Masarczyk Wilhelm , Głomb Przemysław , Romaszewski Michał , Stokłosa Iga , Ścisło Piotr , Dębski Paweł , Pudlo Robert , Buza Krisztián , Gorczyca Piotr , Piegza Magdalena 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveAdvancement in mental health care requires easily accessible diagnostic and treatment assessment tools. There is an ongoing search for biomarkers that would enable objectification and automatization of the diagnostic and treatment process dependent on a psychiatric interview. Current wearable technology and computational methods make it possible to incorporate heart rate variability (HRV), an indicator of autonomic nervous system functioning and a potential biomarker of disease severity in mental disorders, into accessible diagnostic and treatment assessment frameworks.MethodsWe used a commercially available electrocardiography (ECG) chest strap with a built-in accelerometer, i.e. Polar H10, to record R-R intervals and activity of 30 hospitalized schizophrenia or bipolar disorder patients and 30 control participants for 1.5-2 hours time periods. We performed an analysis to assess the relationship between HRV and the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) test scores. The source code for the reproduction of all experiments is available on GitHub while the dataset is available in Zenodo.Results and ConclusionsMean HRV values were lower in the patient group and negatively correlated with the results of the PANSS general subcategory. For the control group, we also discovered the inversely proportional dependency between the mobility coefficient based on accelerometer data and HRV. This relationship was less pronounced for the patient group. This indicates that HRV and mobility may be promising markers in disease diagnosis.