bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fluorescent quinine-based tracking techniques for measurement of open-channel surface flow velocities under low luminosity conditions using a UAS
Authors: Zehsaz Soheil , L. M. P. de Lima João , M. G. P. Isidoro Jorge , de Lima M. Isabel P. , Martins Ricardo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis study presents techniques based on the use of fluorescent quinine as a visual tracer for surface flows, to assess surface flow velocities in channels and streams under low luminosity conditions. Fieldwork was conducted in three open channels, with different hydraulic characteristics. A quinine solution, in both liquid and solid (ice cube) forms, was applied on the water flow surface and an Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) was used to record the movement of the fluorescent quinine. The results were compared to the velocities estimated using the thermal tracer technique and flowmeter-based velocity maps. The findings show that the quinine solution, in both liquid and solid forms, can be used to estimate open-channel surface flow velocities under low luminosity conditions. While the solid form of the quinine tracer was applied in a smaller volume than the liquid tracer, its fluorescence effect persisted longer. By comparison, the liquid tracer had the advantage of continual availability and was devoid of the constraint of melting.
Runoff simulation analysis and collaborative response research based on the second Songhua River basin under the background of land use
Authors: Liu Hongxue 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

This paper examines the context of climate change and land use in the second Songhua River basin with the goal of improving runoff. The report begins by introducing the history of watershed runoff and the study area. The differences between various land use types and land use efficiency are examined using the watershed hydrology model from previous literature. The novelty of the paper is to compare the evapotranspiration of the model in different periods with the depth data of surface runoff. The results show that the simulation analysis and collaborative response strategy proposed here can adapt to the meteorological changes in the basin. The evapotranspiration of a watershed that was converted from woodland to grassland in 1970 was 34 mm, while that of a watershed that was converted from grassland to woodland was 32 mm, according to the results of the model test. The evapotranspiration of a watershed that gone from woodland to grassland in 2010 is 45 mm, compared to 39 mm for a watershed that has gone from grassland to woodland. The second Songhua River basin's surface water yield data can therefore be used to model and study the basin's runoff in real time.
Mechanism of American Ginseng Against Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Based on Network Pharmacology & Molecular Docking
Authors: Li Jiaxin , Chen Siqi , Wang Bo , Xie Jiaming , Wu Xinyu , Hu Xinying , Liu Jing , Zhang Yi , Wang Junzhi , Ge Pengling 
Published: May 2023

Background:
Ginseng is one of the top-selling natural products worldwide and has been shown
to have significant effects. Nonetheless, there is limited research on American ginseng when compared to
Asian ginseng. A small number of studies have demonstrated the therapeutic benefits of American ginseng,
which include antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immune-stimulating activities.

Objective:
The objective of our research is to predict the molecular mechanism by which American ginseng
combats Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) using Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking
techniques. By doing so, we aim to reveal one of the comprehensive mechanisms through which American
ginseng exerts its therapeutic effects.

Methods:
We conducted a search for related compounds in American ginseng using the TCMSP database,
which we then utilized to classify potential targets for the major ingredients. We obtained targets
associated with T2DM from various databases, including PharmGKB, OMIM, TTD, GeneCards, and
DrugBank. Using STRING and Cytoscape software, we constructed PPI networks. We subsequently performed
GO and KEGG analysis on the targets using the R programming language. Ligand and target
structures were acquired from PubChem and PDB databases, respectively. Chem3D and AutoDock software
was used to process the structures, while PyMoL was employed for molecular docking analysis.

Results:
Several investigations have indicated that PTGS2, NFKBIA, PRKCA, IL1B, NCOA2, and LPL
targets are significantly associated with American ginseng's effectiveness in treating T2DM. Molecular
docking analysis further validated these findings. We discovered three active components with highaffinity,
namely papaverine, ginsenoside-rh2, and beta-sitosterol.

Conclusion:
The outcomes of our predictions could contribute to the development of American ginseng
or its active constituents as an alternative therapy for T2DM.
Curbing Key Digestive Enzymes by Three Plant Extracts for Sustainable Management of Postprandial Hyperglycemia
Authors: Sarker Parth , Sani Deedarul Hyder , Miah Md. Faruque , Alam Md. Jahangir 
Published: May 2023

Background:
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic condition marked by persistently elevated
blood sugar levels. Key digestive enzymes viz. α-amylase and α-glucosidase, hydrolyze consumed
carbohydrates into glucose which raises the postprandial blood glucose level in a diabetic patient. So, the
development of α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitors procured from medicinal plants to retard starch
digestion is an alternative approach for controlling type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Objective:
The current study aimed to evaluate the inhibitory potentials of the key digestive enzymes viz.
α-amylase and α-glucosidase by the extracts of three medicinal plants; red dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus)
pulp and peel, bamboo (Bambusa vulgaris) shoot, turnip (Brassica rapa L.) shoot and leaf by
performing α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition assays in vitro.

Methods:
Inhibition of α-amylase activity was conducted using 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid method, and 4-
Nitrophenyl-α-D-glucopyranoside was used as a substrate to perform α-glucosidase inhibition assay in
vitro.

Results:
Among all the selected sample extracts, red dragon fruit pulp expressed the highest percentage of
α-amylase inhibition (59.73 ± 4.33%) at the concentration of 1000 μg/mL which is comparable to standard
antidiabetic drug Acarbose (70.59 ± 2.64%), whereas the lowest inhibition was observed in turnip
shoot extract (42.48 ± 2.10%) at the same concentration. In terms of α-glucosidase inhibition activity,
again, red dragon fruit pulp extract demonstrated the maximum inhibition rate (56.42 ± 2.38%) at 1000
μg/mL concentration. This is respectable in comparison to the reference Acarbose (66.45 ± 1.78%). In
contrast, turnip shoot extracts displayed the lowest α-glucosidase inhibition activity (38.27 ± 2.21%) at
the same concentration.

Conclusion:
The current study demonstrated that the red dragon fruit pulp extract possesses substantial
antihyperglycemic activity (α-amylase inhibition: 59.73 ± 4.33%, α-glucosidase inhibition: 56.42 ±
2.38%) in vitro, which could be a putative nutraceutical to manage postprandial hyperglycemia.
Differences in Clinical and Lab Characteristics of Sepsis between Opium
User Patients and Patients with No Illicit Drug Addiction
Authors: Mehrpour Omid , Alemzadeh Effat , Ghasemi Saeedeh , Farkhondeh Tahereh , Ziaee Masood 
Published: May 2023

Background:
Sepsis is a significant cause of mortality worldwide. This study aimed to compare clinical and laboratory characteristics of sepsis in patients addicted to illicit drugs versus patients with no illicit drug addiction.

Methods:
In this cross-sectional study, all patients hospitalized with sepsis diagnosis were recruit-ed within six months from September to March 2019. Sixty patients for each group (illicit drug-addicted and non-addicted individuals) were selected. The data relating to illicit drug consumption, serum indices, the current focus of infection, duration of hospitalization, and disease outcomes were collected. Patients who had an illicit drug addiction were compared with non-addicted pa-tients in terms of clinical and laboratory parameters. The data collected were analyzed using SPSS software (version 19).

Results:
The bacterial load in the urine culture was statistically significant in both groups and higher in the non-addicted group. The frequency distributions of focus of infection, duration of hospitalization, and outcome were not significantly different between the two groups. The serum sodium and total neutrophils were significantly higher in the addicted group. However, the MCHC level was significantly lower (p < 0.05).

Conclusion:
Opium may have stimulated the immune system and reduced bacterial infection in septic patient users.
Sarcopenia: Pathophysiology and Treatment Strategies
Authors: Qiu Chaoming , Yang Xifei , Yu Pei 
Published: May 2023

Abstract:
Sarcopenia is becoming prevalent in older or inactive patients, which is placing a heavy burden on the social health system. Studies on the pathogenesis of sarcopenia mainly focus on adipose tissue, myoglobin autophagy, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Up to now, non-drug treat-ment has been the main way to treat sarcopenia, and there are no drugs specially approved for the treatment of sarcopenia. Here, the pathophysiology and treatment methods of sarcopenia have been summarized, and new drugs for sarcopenia to be researched and developed in the future have been prospected.
Usability Of Three-dimensional Printing in Maxillofacial Surgery: A Narrative Review
Authors: Assari Ahmad 
Published: May 2023

Purpose:
The three-dimensional (3D) printing method is a modern approach in which different custom designs are fabricated with high complexity according to the patient’s need. This narrative review aimed to highlight the materials used in 3D printers for medical use, especially in the field of oral and maxillofacial surgery.

Methods:
PubMed, Web of Sciences, and Google Scholar were searched for the relevant studies, and after meeting the inclusion criteria, articles were studied, and focused points were highlighted.

Results:
s: Synthetic and natural materials used in 3D printing include hydroxyapatite, tricalcium phosphate, bicalcium phosphate, apatite–wollastonite glass ceramics, stem cells, and collagen. The most frequent clinical applications include dental implants, maxillofacial trauma, facial cosmetics, orthognathic surgery, maxillofacial oncology, and maxillofacial reconstruction. Anatomical models and surgical instructions were the most often printed objects. The key benefits were increased surgical precision and a shorter operating time. The cost of the items, the length of the manufacturing process when printed by the industry, and legal concerns were the main drawbacks.

Conclusion:
The 3D models are beneficial for surgeons as they can save time and even human life. In the future, additional research should be done on the modeling, efficacy, and safety of natural materials, and systematic reviews and meta-analyses should be conducted for a better understanding.
Current Avenues in Nutraceuticals and Pharmaceuticals from Algae
Authors: Ghosh Probir Kumar , Ghosh Chandrama 
Published: May 2023

Background:
Alga (comprising of many varieties of algae) are our wealth from nature. They are abundant, and do not require any special sustenance measure; in fact, they sustain the fauna on Earth. Alga provide ‘nutritive’ and ‘ceutic’ functionalities, simultaneously. Their insignificant demand for sustenance, but the plethora of useful products they produce is intriguing. It’s also true that the im-pact of algae on our nutrition and pharmaceuticals is tremendous.

Objective:
Despite their utility, a coherent overview and an in-depth discussion on the various facets of alga as a source of nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals is awaited. Currently, focus on specialization-wise utilization of algae is practiced by researchers, which could be owing to the lack of a review article that presents a comprehensive discussion on algal utilization in medicine and nutraceuticals. To know more about them functionally as a nutraceutical and pharmaceutical, a review article could provide a holistic understanding of algal utilization.

Method:
A narrative review for collation of findings, and developing an interlink among various find-ings has been adopted in the present article. This method was envisaged to better aid in understanding the lacunae in existing research, and formulate the way forward. The present disquisition focusses on discussing nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals used or derived from alga that have significant utility.

Results:
The exposition provides an in-depth understanding on the developments that have been made, and attempts to apprise on the future scope available in the research for processes as well as products development, for the optimum utilization of this valuable bioresource. Compiling the article revealed that algal research has provided evidence-based insight into their utility spectra that establishes this botanical as a reliable bioresource for supplementation of food and medical care in the times to come.

Conclusion:
Interdisciplinary studies comprising botany, applied science, and product development should be envisaged as a futuristic strategy for algal product development, utilization, and commerciali-zation. This is because standalone approaches could not realize the complete potential of this biore-source. Future research could benefit from using various applications of algal products. Algal products' relevance is more realizable since the said botanical is both affordable and available in plenty (or at least be conveniently harvested). More inclusion of algae-based food products in our regular diet for functional attributes could be also considered as one of the useful outcomes of this review. Natural medicines based on algae could also be more consumed in the near future.
Sustainable Forest Management from Hydrology and Climate Change Mitigation Perspectives
Authors: Widiyatno Widiyatno , Asdak Chay 
Published: May 2023

The increasing number of hydrometeorological disasters induced by unsustainable landscape management has led to significant fatalities and economic loss. Forest ecosystem landscapes are strategic national capital that could contribute to climate change mitigation. The government had formulated policies on Folu Net Sink ~2030 through sustainable forest management, environmental and carbon governance, and a Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) strategic approach using its natural infrastructure in the form of forest ecosystem landscapes. The government could establish attractive and integrated incentive and disincentive systems and mechanisms with sustainable forest management to achieve the targets.
Age and Diet Modulate the Insulin-Sensitizing Effects of Exercise: A Tracer-Based Oral Glucose Tolerance Test
Authors: Vieira-Lara Marcel A. , Reijne Aaffien C. , Koshian Serj , Ciapaite Jolita , Abegaz Fentaw , Talarovicova Alzbeta , van Dijk Theo H. , Versloot Christian J. , Bandsma Robert H.J. , Wolters Justina C. , Groen Albert K. , Reijngoud Dirk-Jan , van Dijk Gertjan , Bakker Barbara M. 
Published: May 2023

Diet modulates the development of insulin resistance during aging. This includes tissue-specific alterations in insulin signaling and mitochondrial function, which ultimately affect glucose homeostasis. Exercise stimulates glucose clearance and mitochondrial lipid oxidation and also enhances insulin sensitivity (IS). It is not well known how exercise interacts with age and diet in the development of insulin resistance. To investigate this, oral glucose tolerance tests with tracers were conducted in mice ranging from 4 to 21 months of age, fed a low-fat diet (LFD) or high-fat diet (HFD) with or without life-long voluntary access to a running wheel (RW). We developed a computational model to derive glucose fluxes, which were commensurate with independent values from steady-state tracer infusions. Values for an IS index derived for peripheral tissues (IS-P) and one for the liver (IS-L) were steeply decreased by aging and an HFD. This preceded the age-dependent decline in the mitochondrial capacity to oxidize lipids. In young animals fed an LFD, RW access enhanced the IS-P concomitantly with the muscle β-oxidation capacity. Surprisingly, RW access completely prevented the age-dependent IS-L decrease; however this only occurred in animals fed an LFD. Therefore, this study indicates that endurance exercise can improve the age-dependent decline in organ-specific IS if paired with a healthy diet.

Article Highlights
Exercise is a known strategy to improve insulin sensitivity (IS), whereas aging and a lipid-rich diet decrease IS. Using a tracer-based oral glucose tolerance test, we investigated how exercise, age, and diet interact in the development of tissue-specific insulin resistance. Exercise (voluntary access to a running wheel) mainly improved IS in animals fed a low-fat diet. In these animals, exercise improved peripheral IS only at young age but fully prevented the age-dependent decline of hepatic IS. The prevention of age-dependent decline in IS by exercise is tissue-specific and blunted by a lipid-rich diet.
PENGEMBANGAN LEMBAR KERJA PESERTA DIDIK DIGITAL BERORIENTASI PEMECAHAN MASALAH PADA PEMBELAJARAN IPA SISWA KELAS V SD
Authors: N.L.I. Noviani  , I.M. Candiasa  , I.G. Margunayasa  
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan LKPD digital berorientasi pemecahan masalah pada pembelajaran IPA siswa kelas V SD. Penelitian ini menggunakan model pengembangan 4-D yang terdiri dari empat tahap utama yaitu define, design, develop, dan disseminate. LKPD yang dihasilkan sudah diuji validitas isinya oleh ahli yang hasilnya dianalisis dengan formula Gregory dan diperoleh koefisien validitas isi sebesar 1,0 dalam kategori valid. LKPD yang dihasilkan dinilai oleh 2 ahli materi pembelajaran, 2 ahli desain, dan 2 ahli media menggunakan LORI (Learning Object Review Instrument). Hasil kelayakan materi ahli pertama 97% dalam kategori sangat layak dan ahli kedua 99% dalam kategori sangat layak, kelayakan media ahli pertama 97,14% dalam kategori sangat layak dan ahli kedua 100% dalam kategori sangat layak, dan kelayakan desain ahli pertama 100% dalam kategori sangat layak dan ahli kedua 100% dalam kategori sangat layak. LKPD digital sudah diujicoba pada 2 sekolah, yaitu di SD No. 1 Seminyak dan SD No. 3 Legian melalui daring. Pada tahap uji coba dilakukan uji efektivitas dan efisiensi. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah 100% siswa tuntas, sehingga media dinyatakan efektif. Sementara itu, uji efisiensi mendapatkan skor 4,89 berada pada kriteria sangat tinggi.
PENGEMBANGAN INSTRUMEN SELF REGULATED LEARNING DAN KECERDASAN EMOSIONAL PADA PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA KELAS V SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: I.W.A. Parantika  , Sariyasa  , I.G. Astawan  
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai self regulated learning dan kecerdasan emosional pada pembelajaran matematika kelas V di sekolah dasar. Jenis penelitian menggunakan penelitian pengembangan yang dikemukakan oleh Djmari Mardapi. Pengembangan ini terdiri dari 7 tahapan yaitu : (1) Menyusun spesifikasi tes/non tes, (2) Menulis soal tes/non tes, (3) Menelaah tes/non tes, (4) Memperbaiki tes/non tes, (5) Melakukan uji coba, (6) Menganalisis tes/non tes, (7) Menafsirkan hasil tes/non tes. Bentuk instrumen yang dikembangkan berupa kuisioner. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa : (1) Hasil perhitungan CVR instrumen self regulated learning diperoleh 29 instrumen yang valid dengan nilai CVI sebesar 0,98. (2) Hasil perhitungan CVR instrumen Kecerdasan emosional diperoleh 29 instrumen yang valid dengan nilai CVI sebesar 0,98. (3) Hasil uji reliabilitas instrumen self regulated learning diperoleh hasil 0,847 yang artinya sangat reliabel, (4) Hasil uji reliabilitas instrumen kecerdasan emosional diperoleh hasil 0,852 yang artinya sangat reliabel.
EFEKTIVITAS E-MODUL BERBASIS CATUR PRAMANA PADA PEMBELAJARAN IPA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR
Authors: L.P.C. Dewi  , D.P. Parmiti  , I.G. Astawan  
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mengetahui validitas E- Modul Berbasis Catur Pramana Pada Pembelajaran IPA, (2) mengetahui kepraktisan E- Modul Berbasis Catur Pramana Pada Pembelajaran IPA dan (3) mengetahui efektivitas E- Modul Berbasis Catur Pramana Pada Pembelajaran IPA. Subjek penelitian adalah 6 orang ahli yang terdiri dari ahli media, materi, bahasa untuk menguji validitas produk, guru sebanyak 4 orang menguji kepraktisan produk dan siswa 35 orang siswa menguji kepraktisan dan efektivitas produk. Metode pengumpulan data kuesioner dan kepraktisan serta tes hasil belajar untuk efektivitas. Instrumen pengumpulan data pada kuesioner terdiri dari; instrumen media, materi, ahli bahasa, dan instrumen hasil belajar berupa tes pilihan ganda. Analisis data dekriptif kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian pengembangan. Adapun produk yang dihasilkan berupa E-modul berbasis Catur Pramana dengan menggunakan model ADDIE. Adapun hasil penelitian pengembangan sebagai berikut (1) validitas E- Modul Berbasis Catur Pramana Pada Pembelajaran IPA yaitu meperoleh hasil validitas melalui ahli materi 98,59% sangat valid, validitas ahli media 95,63% sangat valid, skor validitas ahli bahasa 94,28% sangat valid. (2) Keprktisan validitas E- Modul Berbasis Catur Pramana Pada Pembelajaran IPA yaitu meperoleh hasil oleh praktisi guru yaitu sebesar 100% sedangkan persentase hasil uji coba kelompok kecil oleh siswa yaitu sebesar 95,55% dan (3) efektivitas E- Modul Berbasis Catur Pramana Pada Pembelajaran IPA menunjukan bahwa hasil belajar IPA Siswa meningkatan dengan skor rata-rata sebelum menggunakan E-Modul yakni 70,00 dan sesudah menggunakan E-Modul adalah 89,60.
CONTRIBUTION OF ISLAM IN THE WORLD (Case Study of Islamic Education Transmission)
Authors: Thulfitrah B. Nurlathifah 
Published: May 2023

Talking about the civilization of western, of course, it cannot be separated from the old history of Islam and the peak of its civilization. Before the power of science raised the spirits of western people who gave birth to the renaissance, Islam had experienced its golden age, while Europe was confined by the dark age. It reads a terrible condition, which Islam is busy with scientific studies so that it gives a civilization that has a very high value, unlike the western which closes rationality and relies on mystical. The spirit of moderation, liberation, and tolerance built by muslims, made westerners who chose to leave the old age free from pressure to make intellectual contact with muslim scholars. It is noted that they helped Islam a lot in translating Greek books into Arabic and translated by westerners into Latin. If you look closely, there is a common thread to connect these two different Qiblas. Muslims who reached the peak of glory in the Middle Ages, of course there was “interference” from other nations, such as the western. On the other hand, advanced western nations cannot be separated from the great contribution—consciously or unconsciously—by muslims in the past. Therefore, it is deemed necessary to recall Islam and its great contribution to the western world through Islamic education.