bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contrast‐enhanced CT‐based radiomic analysis for determining the response to anti‐programmed death‐1 therapy in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients: A pilot study
Authors: Yang Qinzhu , Huang Haofan , Zhang Guizhi , Weng Nuoqing , Ou Zhenkai , Sun Meili , Luo Huixing , Zhou Xuhui , Gao Yi , Wu Xiaobin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundIn view of the fact that radiomics features have been reported as predictors of immunotherapy to various cancers, this study aimed to develop a prediction model to determine the response to anti‐programmed death‐1 (anti‐PD‐1) therapy in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients from contrast‐enhanced CT (CECT) radiomics features.MethodsRadiomic analysis of images was performed retrospectively for image samples before and after anti‐PD‐1 treatment, and efficacy analysis was performed for the results of two different time node evaluations. A total of 68 image samples were included in this study. Quantitative radiomic features were extracted from the images, and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator method was applied to select radiomic features. After obtaining selected features, three classification models were used to establish a radiomics model to predict the ESCC status and efficacy of therapy. A cross‐validation strategy utilizing three folds was employed to train and test the model. Performance evaluation of the model was done using the area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic, sensitivity, specificity, and precision metric.ResultsWavelet and area of gray level change (log‐sigma) were the most significant radiomic features for predicting therapy efficacy. Fifteen radiomic features from the whole tumor and peritumoral regions were selected and comprised of the fusion radiomics score. A radiomics classification was developed with AUC of 0.82 and 0.884 in the before and after‐therapy cohorts, respectively.ConclusionsThe combined model incorporating radiomic features and clinical CECT predictors helps to predict the response to anti‐PD‐1therapy in patients with ESCC.
A reference‐price‐informed experiment to assess consumer demand for beef with a reduced carbon footprint
Authors: Kilders Valerie , Caputo Vincenzina 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAccurately reflecting expected prices in stated preference designs can be challenging for foods like ribeye steak, which exhibit stark fluctuations in prices across time and space. To address this issue, we introduce a novel price vector design, the reference‐price‐informed (RP‐informed) design, which directly incorporates individual's reference prices into discrete choice experiments. By presenting consumers with posted prices that align with their expected prices, this design reflects real‐world food markets. We test this design in a discrete choice experiment evaluating consumer preferences for “low carbon” beef. Our results project a very small market share of low‐carbon ribeye (3%–5%) with conventional meat taking up most of the market. Our results also show that a reference‐price‐informed design reduces reference price uncertainty and leads to more conservative market share estimates than traditional designs, thus preventing the potential overestimation of product's market potential.
Short‐term fasting of mice elevates circulating fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23)
Authors: Feger Martina , Alber Jana , Strotmann Jörg , Grund Andrea , Leifheit‐Nestler Maren , Haffner Dieter , Föller Michael 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimsPhosphate and vitamin D homeostasis are controlled by fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) from bone suppressing renal phosphate transport and enhancing 24‐hydroxylase (Cyp24a1), thereby inactivating 1,25(OH)2D3. Serum FGF23 is correlated with outcomes in several diseases. Fasting stimulates the production of ketone bodies. We hypothesized that fasting can induce FGF23 synthesis through the production of ketone bodies.MethodsUMR106 cells and isolated neonatal rat ventricular myocytes (NRVM) were treated with ketone body β‐hydroxybutyrate. Mice were fasted overnight, fed ad libitum, or treated with β‐hydroxybutyrate. Proteins and further blood parameters were determined by enzyme‐linked immunoassay (ELISA), western blotting, immunohistochemistry, fluorometric or colorimetric methods, and gene expression by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR).Resultsβ‐Hydroxybutyrate stimulated FGF23 production in UMR106 cells in a nuclear factor kappa‐light‐chain enhancer of activated B‐cells (NFκB)‐dependent manner, and in NRVMs. Compared to fed animals, fasted mice exhibited higher β‐hydroxybutyrate and FGF23 serum levels (based on assays either detecting C‐terminal or intact, biologically active FGF23 only), cardiac, pancreatic, and thymic Fgf23 and renal Cyp24a1 expression, and lower 1,25(OH)2D3 serum concentration as well as renal Slc34a1 and αKlotho (Kl) expression. In contrast, Fgf23 expression in bone and serum phosphate, calcium, plasma parathyroid hormone (PTH) concentration, and renal Cyp27b1 expression were not significantly affected by fasting.ConclusionShort‐term fasting increased FGF23 production, as did administration of β‐hydroxybutyrate, effects possibly of clinical relevance in view of the increasing use of FGF23 as a surrogate parameter in clinical monitoring of diseases. The fasting state of patients might therefore affect FGF23 tests.
Place(making) for conservation activism: Materiality, non‐human agency, ethics, and interaction in Indianapolis, IN
Authors: Lockwood Ben , Heiderscheidt Drew 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn 2016 and 2017, local environmentalists in downtown Indianapolis organised for the conservation of an urban greenspace known as Crown Hill Woods. The woods was sold by Crown Hill Cemetery and its planned removal set off a struggle over the meaning of the woods that revealed elements of placemaking and place attachments. This article uses a case study of a conservation conflict to analyse the language used by conservation activists attempting to prevent the development of Crown Hill Woods. Drawing from public interviews, social media posts, blog posts, letters and essays, this study identifies several themes of placemaking present in the discourse around Crown Hill Woods, including materiality, non‐human agency, ethical considerations, and interactional past/potential. These themes suggest that placemaking, and place attachments, can offer an alternative to ecosystem services as a motivator for conservation.
Treatment outcomes of childhood PICALM::MLLT10 acute leukaemias
Authors: Mark Catherine , Meshinchi Soheil , Joyce Brooklyn , Gibson Brenda , Harrison Christine , Bergmann Anke K. , Goemans Bianca F. , Pronk Cornelis Jan H. , Lapillonne Helene , Leverger Guy , Antoniou Evangelia , Schneider Markus , Attarbaschi Andishe , Dworzak Michael , Stary Jan , Tomizawa Daisuke , Ebert Sabine , Lejman Monika , Kolb E. Anders , Schmiegelow Kjeld , Hasle Henrik , Abla Oussama 
Published: September 2023

SummaryThe prognostic impact of PICALM::MLLT10 status in childhood leukaemia is not well described. Ten International Berlin Frankfurt Münster‐affiliated study groups and the Children's Oncology Group collaborated in this multicentre retrospective study. The presence of the PICALM::MLLT10 fusion gene was confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridization and/or RNA sequencing at participating sites. Ninety‐eight children met the study criteria. T‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (T‐ALL) and acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) predominated 55 (56%) and 39 (40%) patients, respectively. Most patients received a chemotherapy regimen per their disease phenotype: 58% received an ALL regimen, 40% an AML regimen and 1% a hybrid regimen. Outcomes for children with PICALM::MLLT10 ALL were reasonable: 5‐year event‐free survival (EFS) 67% and 5‐year overall survival (OS) 76%, but children with PICALM::MLLT10 AML had poor outcomes: 5‐year EFS 22% and 5‐year OS 26%. Haematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) did not result in a significant improvement in outcomes for PICALM::MLLT10 AML: 5‐year EFS 20% for those who received HSCT versus 23% for those who did not (p = 0.6) and 5‐year OS 37% versus 36% (p = 0.7). In summary, this study confirms that PICALM::MLLT10 AML is associated with a dismal prognosis and patients cannot be salvaged with HSCT; exploration of novel therapeutic options is warranted.
The identification environment matters: Students' social identification, perceived physical school environment, and anxiety – A cross‐level interaction model
Authors: Finell Eerika , Tolvanen Asko , Shuttleworth Ian , Durrheim Kevin , Vuorenmaa Maaret 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe social identity approach to health argues that well‐being depends on the psychosocial circumstances of the groups to which individuals belong. However, little is known about how the average level of identification in the group – ‘the identification environment’ – buffers the negative health consequences of stressors. We used multilevel modelling to investigate whether identification environment in a school modified the association between the students' perceptions of the quality of their school's physical environment and their reported levels of anxiety. In two representative samples of Finnish school students (N = 678 schools/71,392 students; N = 704 schools/85,989 students), weak identification environment was related to increased anxiety. In addition, in schools where identification environment was weaker, the student level relationship between perceived physical environment and anxiety was stronger, and students were more anxious. Our results provide evidence that identification environment needs to be considered when we analyse how group membership affects well‐being.
Examining the influence of microclimate conditions on the breakup of surface‐based temperature inversions in two proximal but dissimilar Yukon valleys
Authors: Noad Nick C. , Bonnaventure Philip P. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSurface‐based temperature inversions (SBIs) are frequent and strong in valleys of north‐central Yukon, which drive annual average surface lapse rates that are strongly inverted (≤1.19°C 100 m−1) within the first 100 to 150 vertical meters. This study aims to test the relationship of SBI breakup with local microclimate factors determining the influence on surface lapse rate breakup patterns. A field study was conducted using elevational transect analysis. SBI breakup in the non‐winter season had a strong relationship between the diurnal cycle of increased solar radiation, warming of the surface, and development of atmospheric turbulence in the form of increased wind speed. SBIs during these non‐winter seasons had a peak breakup time of 4 to 8 h following sunrise. Wintertime SBIs often persisted past the diurnal cycle and broke up independent of solar radiation, contributing significantly to the inverted average surface lapse rates. Mechanisms of SBI breakup during the winter are likely more synoptic in nature and one possible mechanism could be shallow cold air flows. Current classification of SBI duration as persistent or transient was reviewed and adjusted, and SBIs with a duration of 18 to 22 h were removed due to the breakup of those events being related to the diurnal cycle.
Parallel accelerated computing architecture for dim target tracking on‐board
Authors: Yu Jiyang , Huang Dan , Li Wenjie , Wang Xianjie , Shi Xiaolong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe real‐time tracking process of dim targets in space is mainly achieved through the correlation and prediction of dots after the detection and calculation process. The on‐board calculation of the tracking needs to be completed in milliseconds, and it needs to reach the microsecond level at high frame rates. For real‐time tracking of dim targets in space, it is necessary to achieve universal tracking calculation acceleration in response to different space regions and complex backgrounds, which poses high requirements for engineering implementation architecture. This paper designs a Kalman filter calculation based on digital logic parallel acceleration architecture for real‐time solution of dim target tracking on‐board. A unified architecture of Vector Processing Element (VPE) was established for the calculation of Kalman filtering matrix, and an array computing structure based on VPE was designed to decompose the entire filtering process and form a parallel pipelined data stream. The prediction errors under different fixed point bit widths were analyzed and deduced, and the guidance methods for selecting the optimal bit width based on the statistical results were provided. The entire design was engineered based on Xilinx's XC7K325T, resulting in an energy efficiency improvement compared to previous designs. The single iteration calculation time does not exceed 0.7 microseconds, which can meet the current high frame rate target tracking requirements. The effectiveness of this design has been verified through simulation of random trajectory data, which is consistent with the theoretical calculation error.
Dissecting the immune discrepancies in mouse liver allograft tolerance and heart/kidney allograft rejection
Authors: Pan Jun , Ye Fang , Li Hui , Yu Chengxuan , Mao Jiajia , Xiao Yanyu , Chen Haide , Wu Junqing , Li Jiaqi , Fei Lijiang , Wu Yijun , Meng Xiaoming , Guo Guoji , Wang Yingying 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe liver is the most tolerogenic of transplanted organs. However, the mechanisms underlying liver transplant tolerance are not well understood. The comparison between liver transplantation tolerance and heart/kidney transplantation rejection will deepen our understanding of tolerance and rejection in solid organs. Here, we built a mouse model of liver, heart and kidney allograft and performed single‐cell RNA sequencing of 66,393 cells to describe the cell composition and immune cell interactions at the early stage of tolerance or rejection. We also performed bulk RNA‐seq of mouse liver allografts from Day 7 to Day 60 post‐transplantation to map the dynamic transcriptional variation in spontaneous tolerance. The transcriptome of lymphocytes and myeloid cells were characterized and compared in three types of organ allografts. Cell–cell interaction networks reveal the coordinated function of Kupffer cells, macrophages and their associated metabolic processes, including insulin receptor signalling and oxidative phosphorylation in tolerance induction. Cd11b+ dendritic cells (DCs) in liver allografts were found to inhibit cytotoxic T cells by secreting anti‐inflammatory cytokines such as Il10. In summary, we profiled single‐cell transcriptome analysis of mouse solid organ allografts. We characterized the immune microenvironment of mouse organ allografts in the acute rejection state (heart, kidney) and tolerance state (liver).
Global burden of diabetes mellitus from 1990 to 2019 attributable to dietary factors: An analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
Authors: Hong Ting , Sun Fangfang , Wang Qiwei , Chen Xufeng , Han Kun 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimsTo analyse spatial and temporal changes in the global burden of diabetes mellitus (DM) attributable to dietary factors from 1990 to 2019.Materials and MethodsThe burden of DM was analysed in terms of age‐standardized disability‐adjusted life‐year (DALY) rates and age‐standardized death rates (ASDRs), which were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019, and their corresponding estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs).ResultsThe ASDR exhibited a decreasing trend (EAPC = −0.02), while the age‐standardized DALY rate exhibited an increasing trend (EAPC = 0.65). Forty‐four percent of the burden of DM was attributable to dietary factors, with the three largest contributors being high intake of red meat, high intake of processed meat, and low intake of fruit. Residence in a region with a high sociodemographic index (SDI) was associated with a diet low in whole grains and high in red meat and processed meat, while residence in a low‐SDI region was associated with a diet low in whole grains and fruits, and high in red meat.ConclusionsThe age‐standardized DALYs of DM attributable to dietary factors increased between 1990 and 2019 but differed among areas. The three largest dietary contributors to the burden of DM were high intake of red meat, high intake of processed meat, and low intake of fruit.
How are parental mental health and parenting practices associated with externalizing behaviors among young children with autism in China? A cross‐sectional study and indirect effect analysis
Authors: Fang Zuyi , Lachman Jamie M. , Qiao Dongping , Barlow Jane 
Published: September 2023

AbstractChildren with autism are more likely to exhibit externalizing behaviors than children without autism. A cross‐sectional study was undertaken to investigate how parental mental health status and parenting practices contributed to the variance in externalizing behaviors among families of young children with autism in Chinese mainland, and whether parenting behaviors had any indirect effects on the relationship between parental mental health symptoms and externalizing behaviors. Data were drawn from the baseline assessment of a quasi‐experimental study of a parent training program delivered to Chinese caregivers of children with autism aged 3 to 6 from diverse backgrounds (N = 111). Results showed that parental mental health symptoms and parenting behaviors explained the variance in child externalizing behaviors. Parental mental health problems and parental over‐reactivity were linked to higher levels of child externalizing behaviors, whereas positive parenting was associated with less frequent externalizing behaviors. Positive parenting partially explained the relationship between parental mental health symptoms and externalizing behaviors. The findings of this study highlight the importance of actively attending to the psychological and parenting needs of caregivers in autism treatment programs. It points to the need for the development of culturally sensitive strategies to promote parental mental health and increase the use of positive parenting skills among parents of children with autism.
Comparing an open educational resource and a traditional textbook: Learner outcomes and engagement
Authors: Panday‐Shukla Priya 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe US Department of Education posits that higher education students' expenditures on course materials and supplies, including texts for language learning classes, were between $1,265 and $1,471 for the 2017–2018 academic year. For many students, the cost of these materials can jeopardize their studies. One potential solution to this issue is to use free educational materials like open educational resources (OERs). However, not all OERs are of the same quality or useful for language learning. Therefore, to explore the affordances of OERs for language learners, this study compares the traditional textbook and the OER web book in terms of the quality and task engagement (TE) at a university in the US Pacific Northwest. The outcomes shed some light on the possible influences of learners' perceived quality of the OER and its relationship with TE and language learning.
Blue carbon benefits from global saltmarsh restoration
Authors: Mason Victoria G. , Burden Annette , Epstein Graham , Jupe Lucy L. , Wood Kevin A. , Skov Martin W. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCoastal saltmarshes are found globally, yet are 25%–50% reduced compared with their historical cover. Restoration is incentivised by the promise that marshes are efficient storers of ‘blue’ carbon, although the claim lacks substantiation across global contexts. We synthesised data from 431 studies to quantify the benefits of saltmarsh restoration to carbon accumulation and greenhouse gas uptake. The results showed global marshes store approximately 1.41–2.44 Pg carbon. Restored marshes had very low greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes and rapid carbon accumulation, resulting in a mean net accumulation rate of 64.70 t CO2e ha−1 year−1. Using this estimate and potential restoration rates, we find saltmarsh regeneration could result in 12.93–207.03 Mt CO2e accumulation per year, offsetting the equivalent of up to 0.51% global energy‐related CO2 emissions—a substantial amount, considering marshes represent <1% of Earth's surface. Carbon accumulation rates and GHG fluxes varied contextually with temperature, rainfall and dominant vegetation, with the eastern coasts of the USA and Australia particular hotspots for carbon storage. While the study reveals paucity of data for some variables and continents, suggesting need for further research, the potential for saltmarsh restoration to offset carbon emissions is clear. The ability to facilitate natural carbon accumulation by saltmarshes now rests principally on the action of the management‐policy community and on financial opportunities for supporting restoration.
From the Mental to the Conceptual Model: The Challenge of Teaching Hydrogeology in the Field
Authors: Jimenez‐Martinez Joaquin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractField‐based learning in hydrogeology enables students to develop their understanding and application of practical methodologies, and to enhance many of the generic skills (e.g., teamwork, problem‐solving). However, teaching and learning hydrogeology in general, and especially in the field, presents cognitive difficulties, such as the diversity in student education and experience, the hidden nature of water movement and transport of chemicals, and the preexisting students' mental models of the subsurface, in particular. At any given experimental or teaching site there is only one reality for which lecturers can have an approximate conceptual model, including aquifer(s) geometry and functioning (e.g., flow direction). However, students' preconceptions (i.e., mental model), in some cases misconceptions, influence not only their outcome from the learning strategy designed, but also the conceptual model expression (i.e., flow chart, block diagram, or similar) for the study area or site. In practice, two general “teaching challenges” are identified to enable students' transition from the mental to the conceptual model: (1) identify and dispel any prior misconceptions and (2) show how to go from the partial information to the integration of new information for the development of the conceptual model. The inclusion of specific prior‐to‐field lessons in the classroom is recommended and in general, done. However, introducing a prior‐to‐field survey to learn about students' backgrounds, and methodologies for the development and expression of hydrogeological conceptual models and for testing multiple plausible conceptual models will help students transition from the mental to the conceptual model.